Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Evidence from giant-clam δ18O of intense El Ninõ–Southern Oscillation-related variability but reduced frequency 3700 years ago

Abstract. Giant clams (Tridacna) are the largest marine bivalves, and their carbonate shells can be used for high-resolution paleoclimate reconstructions. In this contribution, δ18O shell was used to estimate climatic variation in the Xisha Islands of the South China Sea. We first evaluate sea surface temperature (SST) and sea surface salinity (SSS) influence on the modern resampled monthly ( r -monthly) resolution of Tridacna gigas δ18O shell . The results obtained reveal that δ18O shell seasonal variation is mainly controlled by SST and appears to be insensitive to local SSS change. Thus, the δ18O of Tridacna shells can be roughly used as a proxy of local SST: a 1 ‰ δ18O shell change is roughly equal to 4.41 ∘ C of SST. The r -monthly δ18O of a 40-year-old Tridacna squamosa ( 3673±28 BP) from the North Reef of the Xisha Islands was analyzed and compared with the modern specimen. The difference between the average δ18O of the fossil Tridacna shell ( δ18O = - 1.34 ‰) and the modern Tridacna specimen ( δ18O = - 1.15 ‰) probably implies a warm climate, roughly 0.84 ∘ C, 3700 years ago. The seasonal variation 3700 years ago was slightly lower than that suggested by modern instrumental data, and the transition between warm and cold seasons was rapid. Higher amplitudes of reconstructed r -monthly and r -annual SST anomalies imply an enhanced climate variability during this warm period. Investigation of the El Nino–Southern Oscillation (ENSO) variation (based on the reconstructed SST series) indicates reduced ENSO frequency but increased ENSO-related variability and extreme El Nino winter events 3700 years ago.
Reducing Campylobacter numbers on chicken carcasses using lactic acid in processing plants

Summary Four trials were carried out at a broiler processing plant to examine the effectiveness of spraying lactic acid solutions for reducing the numbers of Campylobacter on carcasses. The carcasses were naturally contaminated and treated after the inside–outside washer and before the air chiller. Carcasses were treated by spraying in a tunnel or with one of two hand-held sprayers. Carcasses were treated with a 1.9%, 4% or 8% solution of lactic acid buffered to pH 4 using sodium lactate, and testing was carried out on skin samples from the breast or back/neck. Treating carcasses with 1.9% acid was not effective. Treatments with 4% acid reduced the numbers of Campylobacter on breast skin by 0.4 log10 cfu g−1 or less and on back/neck skin by 0.8 log10 cfu g−1. Spraying with an 8% acid solution in the tunnel produced a 1.9-log cfu g−1 reduction on breast skin but adversely affected the appearance of the carcasses. Further work is suggested with a 5% solution with consumer testing for acceptability of appearance.
Flowering forbs for field margins: selecting species that optimise ecosystem services

The aim of this study was to assess the attractiveness of flowers to target groups of beneficial insects. Water trap samples were taken throughout the entire period of inflorescence and were accompanied by sweep net sampling in early summer. Samples were assessed for target insect groups (predatory beetles, true bugs, aphids, hoverflies and Parasitica) that are known to provide ecosystem services in farm landscapes (such as pollination, conservation and pest control). Yarrow and Oxeye daisy were the most promising flowering plants, attracting multiple beneficial target groups. These species seem to be the most promising for use in flowering field margins.
Regional Problems of Employment of University Graduates in Conditions of Low Entrepreneurial Activity

The problem of unemployment among university graduates is a consequence of changes in the structure of production and the economy of Russia, the weakening of state control and regulation. University graduates face a lot of problems when searching for jobs, being insufficiently in demand on the labor market in conditions of low entrepreneurial activity. This problem has socio-economic nature and is relevant for decades, requiring attention from the state and business communities, as well as the implementation of measures to resolve it and assist university graduates in finding work. The article is analytical and aimed at identifying the main problems of employment of graduates of Russian universities in conditions of low entrepreneurial activity, in particular, in Volgograd and in the Volgograd region. In achieving the goal, these tasks were solved: the main aspects of the employment of university graduates were studied; the main problems of employment of university graduates in conditions of low entrepreneurial activity were identified; the main directions of solving the problems of employment of university graduates on the example of the Volgograd region are proposed. The object of the research is graduates of Russian universities, in particular, universities of the city of Volgograd. The subject of the research is the influence of various factors on the process of employment of university graduates in conditions of low entrepreneurial activity. The results and conclusions are characterized by novelty, scientific and practical importance in terms of solving the problem of employment of university graduates in conditions of low entrepreneurial activity.
Purification and enzymatic characteristics of cysteine desulfurase, IscS, in Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans ATCC 23270

半胱氨酸 desulfurase 蛋白质， IscS，被操纵子 iscSUA 编码为 Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans。 从 Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans ATCC 23270 的 IscS 的基因在 Escherichia 被克隆并且表示 coli。 蛋白质被一步舞亲密关系层析净化到同质。 在亲密关系层析以后的最后的蛋白质收益是 12.9% 。 酶为热稳定性， pH 和运动参数被描绘。 recombinant IscS 的分子的团是由 SDS 页的 46 ku。 最佳 pH 是 8.0 ? 8.5。 酶在 30 点有温度最佳
THE EFFECT OF AMOXICILLIN ON THE SECRETORY STAGE OF AMELOGENESIS IN RATS

Introduction: Molar–incisor hypomineralization is a developmental enamel defect affecting first permanent molars and incisors. The intake of antibiotics during pregnancy and early childhood has been associated with molar incisor hypomineralization. Objectives: Was to determine the effect of amoxicillin on the secretory a stage of amelogenesis histologically and histomorphometrically. Materials and methods: Fourteen pregnant rats were randomly assigned to two groups that received physiological solution (control group), 250 mg/kg/day amoxicillin (study group). Directly after birth, fourteen pups representing each group received the same treatment with dose equivalent to their body weight then they were euthanized at day 7 birth. The ameloblasts of developing molars were examined histologically and histomorphometrically. Results:In day 7 after birth, the ameloblasts in control group revealed normal features of amelogenesis while in study group, numerous vacuolar like structures were seen in between secretory ameloblasts. Conclusions: Amoxicillin disrupts the normal structure of enamel and impairs the secretion of enamel matrix
Mechanical properties of calcareous silts in a hydraulic fill island-reef

Abstract The mechanical characteristics of calcareous silt interlayers play an important role in the stability of island-reef foundations. Direct shear and consolidation tests were performed to study the relationship between the mechanical properties and the physical parameters of calcareous silt. Based on the consolidation test results and analysis of the settling examples, different calculation methods for soil settling were compared. The results show the following. (1) The relationship between the cohesion and water content of calcareous silt can be represented by an M-shaped curve. The water contents corresponding to the two peaks of the M-type curve increase with increasing dry density. (2) When the dry density is less than 1.33 g/cm3, increasing the density significantly improves the internal friction angle of calcareous silts. When the dry density of the calcareous silt is greater than 1.33 g/cm3, the internal friction angle is affected by both the dry density and the water content. (3) The shear strength decreases when the water content exceeds the optimum level. (4) The compressive modulus of calcareous silt is larger than that of terrigenous silt. Specifically, it decreases with decreasing dry density and increasing water content. (5) The stepwise loading method should be used to estimate the soil settling before fill engineering construction.
Accretionary tectonics, deep structures and metallogeny of southern Altaids

The Altaids (Figure 1) is one of the largest orogenic collages in the world recording considerable Phanerozoic continental growth (Jahn, Wu, & Chen, 2000; Şengör, Natal'in, & Burtman, 1993; Windley, AlexeIev, Xiao, Kroner, & Badarch, 2007; Xiao et al., 2015). The Altaids is tectonically sandwiched between the Baltica and Siberia cratons to the north and the Tarim and North China cratons to the south. The Altaids occupies the southern part of the Central Asian Orogenic Belt (CAOB), which has a long and complex accretionary tectonic evolution from at least ~1.0 Ga to late Palaeozoic-early Mesozoic (Xiao et al., 2015). During the accretionary tectonic evolution of the Altaids, a series of world-class ore deposits also developed (Seltmann & Porter, 2005). The metallogeny in the Altaids is closely related to the long-lived multiple accretionary orogenesis. As an accretionary-type metallogenic system, the metallogenic processes of the Altaids are essential in understanding the genetic mechanism of ore deposits in general. However, the temporal–spatial link between the accretionary tectonics and metallogeny is yet to be understood, in particular the deep structures of metallogenesis provinces are poorly explored. In order to better understand the deep structure and metallogenic processes in the Altaids, many investigations have been conducted and considerable advances made. These studies mainly focused on the deep structure and metallogenic background of the Altaids by integrated studies from field geology, structural mapping, geochemistry, and geophysical exploration. Multiple new geological and geophysical methods will be applied to make transparency of the representative ore clusters in the Altaids. Here, in this special issue, we collected 40 contributions covering the topics of geodynamic evolution, deep structures, and metallogeny of the western and eastern Altaids. These contributions will shed light on our better understanding of the geodynamic processes of metallogenesis and lead to the development and foundation of new metallogenic theories in accretionary orogens.
The digital management of structural complex systems in economics

As a result of the analysis, we establish throughout the world - there is a critical situation in economic management. A way out of the critical situation, based on new knowledge, solving new tasks and event-based digital management of structural complex systems in economics, is proposed. The new objects in management of economics are chosen: public authorities, socio-economic systems, processes of quality management of the socio-economic life of a person, safe living space. The management criteria are safety and quality of objects and systems. The new knowledge for management in economics is introduced: new types of Boolean event-propositions, risk scenarios for system failure, new types of logical and probabilistic risk models. We propose to solve the following new tasks in economics: modelling, analysis and management of one system and a group of logically unified systems (models); management of the State and development of systems; quality assessment of control systems. The special software for event-related managing economics is described. The content of the training course of additional education for economists and teachers is given.
New upper bounds for noncentral chi-square cdf

Некоторые новые верхние границы для функции нецентрального хи-квадрат распределения выводятся из базовых симметрий плотности многомерного стандартного нормального закона: унитарной инвариантности, независимости компонент как в полярной, так и в декартовой системе координат. В сравнении с известными в литературе аналогами предложенные новые верхние оценки имеют простой аналитический вид: они представляют собой комбинации из экспонент, прямых и обратных тригонометрических функций, в том числе гиперболических, а также функции распределения одномерного стандартного нормального закона. Данные оценки могут быть полезны как в теории, так и в приложениях для доказательства неравенств, связанных с функцией нецентрального хи-квадрат распределения, и построения нижних оценок мощности хи-квадрат критерия Пирсона.
Investing in flexibility in an integrated planning of natural gas and power systems

The growing interdependencies between natural gas and power systems, driven by gas-fired generators and gas compressors supplied by electricity, necessitates detailed investigation of the interactions between these vectors, particularly in the context of growing penetration of renewable energy sources. In this research, an expansion planning model for integrated natural gas and power systems is proposed. The model investigates optimal investment in flexibility options such as battery storage, demand-side response, and gas-fired generators. The value of these flexibility options is quantified for gas and electricity systems in Great Britain in 2030. The results indicate that the flexibility options could play an important role in meeting the emission targets in the future. However, the investment costs of these options highly impact the future generation mix as well as the type of reinforcements in the natural gas system infrastructure. Through the deployment of the flexibility options up to £ 24 . 2 billion annual cost savings in planning and operation of natural gas and power systems could be achieved, compared to the case that no flexibility option is considered.
Extended Nonequilibrium Variables for 1D Hyperbolic Heat Conduction

Abstract We use the Shannon (information) entropy to define an “entropic” temperature for 1D nonequilibrium system with heat flux. In contrast to the kinetic temperature, which is related to the average kinetic energy, the nonequilibrium entropic temperature is related to the changes in entropy and serves as a criterion for thermalization. However, the direction and value of the heat flux is controlled by the gradient of the kinetic temperature, whereas space-time evolution and the space-time evolution of the heat flux are governed by the hyperbolic heat conduction equation. The extended nonequilibrium variables, namely, entropy, entropic temperature, thermal conductivity, and heat capacity demonstrate a third-law-like behavior at high deviation from equilibrium when the heat flux tends to its maximum value, even at nonzero value of the kinetic temperature. The ratio of the heat flux to its maximum possible value plays a role of an order parameter – it varies from zero in the equilibrium (disordered) state to unity in the nonequilibrium (ordered) state.
Flow cytometry for rapid and specific determination of number of Escherichia coli cells on kamaboko

The hazard analysis critical control point (HACCP) system is set up with the aim of ensuring the safety of food along the process chain, from the producer to the ultimate consumer. Seafood industry has now generally adapted quality assurance systems and is implementing the HACCP concept. Rapid monitoring system for bacteria cells such as Escherichia coli in food products is required in these cases. However, traditional methods generally do not meet these high requirements. For the rapid determination of bacterial cell numbers with high sensitivity, application of flow cytometry (FCM) begins to attract attention. 14 FCM combines the advantages of microscopic and biochemical analyses for the measurement of the physical and biochemical characteristics of individual cells. We have applied the technique of FCM for rapid method to enumerate bacteria adhered on a kamaboko.5 The FCM method could be used for the enumeration of bacteria cells grown on the surface of kamaboko during storage. Cell numbers determined by FCM well paralleled those measured by a traditional colony counting method, and the FCM assay could rapidly enumerate cells within 1 min. However, this method detected E. colt cells along with several other species of bacteria. This paper describes FCM for the rapid determination of E. coli cells on the surface of kamaboko using an antigen-antibody reaction.
Tribal family healing court: A culturally sensitive approach to child welfare in tribal communities

ABSTRACT Tribal Family Healing Court is a new concept that provides an alternative way to address dependency cases in the tribal child welfare system. This article serves as a conceptual proposal and provides an implementation framework for the Tribal Family Healing Court, designed for tribal sovereign courts. This approach intends to propose a way to address child maltreatment in tribal communities and reservations. It applies the family court model in tribal court with two unique contributions: education of historical trauma and infusion of the tribe’s culture into all aspects of the dependency case.
Changes in Fecal Vitamin K Content are Associated with the Gut Microbiota

Emerging evidence suggests novel cardiometabolic roles for bacterially‐synthesized vitamin K forms known as menaquinones (MK‐n). Though gut bacteria synthesize MK‐n, relationships between gut microbiota composition, MK‐n biosynthesis, and cardiometabolic health have not been examined. To examine these relationships, MK‐n and microbiota composition were measured in fecal samples collected from 77 Chinese adults (41 ± 7 y, BMI 32 ± 2 kg/m2) during a 23‐wk diet intervention previously shown to alter gut microbiota composition and improve cardiometabolic health. Variability in fecal MK‐n content was associated with gut microbiota composition, and longitudinal changes in the relative abundance of > 100 phylotypes were associated with altered fecal content of 蠅 1 individual MK‐n. The strongest and most consistent relationships were between Prevotella spp. and MK‐5, ‐11 ‐12, and ‐13, between Bacteroides spp. and MK‐9 and ‐10, and between Eschericia/Shigella spp. and MK‐8. Baseline fecal MK‐9 content was inversely associated with BMI (r = ‐.30, P = 0.05) and HOMA‐IR (r = ‐.37, P = 0.01). No other cross‐sectional or longitudinal associations between fecal MK‐n and cardiometabolic health biomarkers were observed. Findings suggest that variability in fecal MKn content is associated with the gut microbiota, and that diet‐mediated changes in gut microbiota composition may alter gut MK‐n content. The implications for human health merit further investigation. Funding: Dr. James Sadowski Memorial Internship, USDA contract #58‐1950‐7‐707, National Nature Science Foundation of China.
Über das Vorkommen und das physiologische Verhalten der Sedoheptulose im Rahmen des Kohlenhydrathaushaltes vegetativer Pflanzenteile

Es war von Interesse, das Verhalten der Sedoheptulose als Speicherzucker - unabhangig von den besonderen Verhaltnissen bei Crassulaceen - unter verschiedenen Bedingungen naher zu untersuchen, wobei naturlich auch andere Speicherkohlenhydrate mit zu berucksichtigen waren. Auserdem wurden Untersuchungen uber das Vorkommen von Sedoheptulose angestellt, besonders in Pflanzengruppen mit Arten, aus denen dieser Zucker schon bekanntgeworden war. Schlieslich sollten noch Hinweise auf die Stoffwechselwege der Zelle gesucht werden, die freie Sedoheptulose liefern.
Mucocele da vesícula biliar em canino

Gallbladder mucocele is one of the causes of extrahepatic biliary obstruction that causes abnormal bile flow and leads to a number of systemic changes. The ultrasound examination is extremely important for its diagnosis and early onset of treatment. A 13year-old poodle canine was treated at the Luciana Guidolin Veterinary Clinic in Caxias do Sul (RS). The patient had dehydration, apathy and pain on palpation. The blood count showed leukocytosis, the liver enzymes ALT and ALP presented values of 706 mg / dL and 1620 mg/dL, respectively. The ultrasound examination showed an image compatible with mucocele, with the possibility of rupture or imminent rupture of the gallbladder. Based on this information, cholecystomy was performed. On the fifth day of hospitalization, the clinical condition worsened, and the tutor decided to euthanize. After necropsy, histological findings led to the diagnosis of hepatic rupture and fibrin peritonitis.
Global feedback stabilisation of lower-triangular nonlinear systems in any prescribed finite time

In this paper, global state feedback and output feedback stabilisation problems are considered for a class of time-varying lower-triangular nonlinear systems in any prescribed finite time. The nonlinear terms admit an incremental rate depending on a time-varying continuous function. Firstly, by introducing a novel state transformation consisting of a time-varying gain and a scaling of the state by a function of time that grows unbounded towards the terminal time, the involved system is transformed into a new one easily designing a feedback controller. Then based on the Lyapunov theorem and choosing the time-varying gain, both state feedback and output feedback controllers are constructed respectively to globally stabilise the new system in the scaled state representation, yielding the global feedback stabilisation in any prescribed finite time of the involved system. Simulation examples are given to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed control strategies.
Pre-B cell receptor signaling prevents malignant transformation by BCR-ABL1

The pre-B cell receptor plays a critical role in the early B cell development. As a failure of expression results in the lack of survival signal it represents an important checkpoint for further proliferation and differentiation. It has been shown that cells in acute lymphoblastic leukemia frequently carry defects in important pre-B cell receptor related signaling molecules like BTK or SLP65, indicating a tumor suppressive function. In contrast pre-B cell receptor expression is required in malignant lymphoproliferation and at least in mouse pre-B cells for transformation by the Myc oncogene. Therefore we investigated the role of the pre-B cell receptor as tumor suppressor vs. a requirement for leukemic transformation. We found that only E2A-PBX1-mediated ALL carry a functional pre-B cell receptor and therefore seems to be essential for this type of leukemic transformation. The remaining investigated ALL subtypes are receptor independent or even show strong negative selection against a functional pre-B cell receptor. To clarify the role of the pre-B cell receptor during leukemogenesis, we studied the progressive transformation of pre-B cells in a transgenic mouse model for BCR-ABL1-induced ALL. Interestingly, before the onset of leukemia BCR-ABL1-transgenic pre-B cells respond normally to pre-B cell receptor engagement and express BCR-ABL1 at low levels. In full-blown leukemia, ALL cells do not respond to pre-B cell receptor engagement and express BCR-ABL1 at high levels. Signaling from the pre-B cell receptor and BCR-ABL1 are mutually exclusive: i) Treatment of leukemic mice with the BCR-ABL1 kinase inhibitor, AMN107, reinstates normal pre-B cell receptor signaling within seven days. ii) Reconstitution of pre-B cell receptor signaling in BCR-ABL1-transformed pre-B cells induces rapid cell death. iii) Transduction of human ALL cells with the BCR-ABL1 oncogene induces apoptosis in the presence of pre-B cell receptor signaling and accelerates proliferation in its absence. We conclude that pre-B cell receptor signaling -while compatible with expression of E2A-PBX1- renders B cell precursors non-permissive to transformation by BCR-ABL1 and likely other leukemogenic fusion genes.