Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Numerical simulation of microfluidic mixing by ultrasonic-induced acoustic streaming

Abstract Laminar flow is dominant in the microfluidic device, and hence it is difficult to improve the mixing performance efficiently. To solve this problem, a fast and homogenized mixing application through microstreaming generated by ultrasonic resonance in fluid has been proposed. In this article, the acoustic streaming patterns in two-dimensional microchannel are investigated based on the Reynolds stress method (RSM) and limiting velocity method (LVM). It is found that the classical Rayleigh streaming pattern can be well described by both methods, but the LVM adopts uniform meshes with fewer elements for more efficient computation. Therefore, the LVM is more suitable to explore acoustic streaming and microfluidic mixing performance in three-dimensional models. Results also show that the similar sound pressure distribution and different acoustic streaming patterns are found in microchannels with different aspect ratio. Four symmetric vortices are formed in transducer-plane streaming model driven by ultrasonic standing waves at h/w = 1/20, while eight symmetrical acoustic vortices in Rayleigh-like acoustic streaming model at h/w = 1/3. When the inlet velocity is large, the mixing effect of the fluids is not significant. With the decrease of inlet velocity, the mixing efficiency is increased gradually. In addition, the mixing performance of the two models is close to each other at the same inlet velocity. The solution flow rate in the Rayleigh-like microchannel is seven times larger than that of the transducer-plane streaming model. Therefore, the disturbance intensity in the Rayleigh-like acoustic streaming model is stronger. Graphical Abstract
Herramientas para impulsar la internacionalización y el rendimiento de las pymes en el sector de la moda: marca y medios sociales

Esta investigacion trata de analizar las diferentes herramientas estrategicas con las que cuentan las pymes en la industria de la moda para impulsar su internacionalizacion y conseguir un mayor rendimiento empresarial. En concreto, centramos nuestro analisis en la influencia que ejerce la presencia en distintos medios sociales o la marca comercial registrada sobre la internacionalizacion y el rendimiento de las PYMES. Con este objetivo se analizaron de forma cuantitativa 102 pymes pertenecientes al sector de la moda en Reino Unido e Irlanda. A partir de los resultados obtenidos se pueden extraer importantes conclusiones, asi como implicaciones gerenciales que pueden ayudar a los directivos de estas pequenas empresas a dirigir sus esfuerzos y la inversion de sus activos hacia una de estas herramientas esenciales.
Adaptação do modelo da zona agroecológica para a estimação do crescimento e produtividade de eucalipto

8 1. INTRODUÇÃO GERAL . 9 REFERÊNCIAS . 11 2. ADAPTAÇÃO, CALIBRAÇÃO E AVALIAÇÃO DO MODELO DA ZONA AGROECOLÓGICA PARA A ESTIMAÇÃO DA PRODUTIVIDADE DO EUCALIPTO . 13 RESUMO. 13 ABSTRACT . 13 2.1. INTRODUÇÃO . 14 2.2. MATERIAL E MÉTODOS . 16 2.2.1. Dados de Produtividade do eucalipto . 16 2.2.2. Dados meteorológicos . 19 2.2.3. Adaptação e calibração do modelo da Zona Agroecológica da FAO para a estimativa da produtividade do eucalipto . 20 2.2.4. Estimação da produtividade potencial (PP) e atingível (PA) . 21 2.2. 5. Produtividade atingível (PA) . 24 2.2. 6. Calibração dos coeficientes kc e ky e inclusão de funções de penalização por déficit hídrico e ocorrência de geada . 24 2.3. RESULTADOS E DISCUSSÃO . 25 2.3.1. Adaptação e calibração do modelo . 25 2.3.2. Estimação das produtividades potencial (PP) e atingível (PA) . 30 2.4. CONCLUSÕES . 40 REFERÊNCIAS . 42 3. DETERMINAÇÃO DAS QUEBRAS DE PRODUTIVIDADE (YIELD GAPS) DA CULTURA DO EUCALIPTO – ESTUDO DE CASO PARA REGIÕES PRODUTORAS DO ESTADO DE MINAS GERAIS, BRASIL . 49 RESUMO. 49 ABSTRACT . 49 3.1. INTRODUÇÃO . 50 3.2. MATERIAL E MÉTODOS . 53 3.2.1. Local de estudo . 53 3.2.2. Dados meteorológicos . 55 3.2.3. Estimação da produtividade potencial (PP) e atingível (PA) . 56 3.2.4. Quebras de produtividade ou Yield Gaps do eucalipto . 57 3.3. RESULTADOS E DISCUSSÃO . 58 3.4. CONCLUSÕES . 72 REFERÊNCIAS . 72 4. IMPACTOS DO FENÔMENO EL NIÑO OSCILAÇÃO SUL NA VARIABILIDADE CLIMÁTICA E SUA INFLUÊNCIA NA PRODUTIVIDADE DO EUCALIPTO, NO BRASIL . 77 RESUMO. 77 ABSTRACT . 77 4.1. INTRODUÇÃO . 78 4.2. MATERIAL E MÉTODOS . 81 4.2.2. Estimação da produtividade potencial (PP) e atingível (PA) . 83 4.2.3. Avaliação do crescimento do eucalipto em eventos de ENOS . 87 4.3. RESULTADOS E DISCUSSÃO . 89 4.3.1. Efeito do ENOS no clima . 89 4.3.2. Efeito do ENOS na produtividade do eucalipto . 99 4.4. CONCLUSÕES . 127 REFERÊNCIAS . 128 APÊNDICES . 135
Resistance of Inzen™ grain sorghum to multiple PRE- and POST-applied acetolactate synthase–inhibiting herbicides

Abstract A non-GMO trait called Inzen™ was recently commercialized in grain sorghum to combat weedy grasses, allowing the use of nicosulfuron POST in the crop. Inzen™ grain sorghum carries a double mutation in the acetolactate synthase (ALS) gene Val560Ile and Trp574Leu, which potentially results in cross-resistance to a wide assortment of ALS-inhibiting herbicides. To evaluate the scope of cross-resistance to Weed Science Society of America Group 2 herbicides in addition to nicosulfuron, tests were conducted in 2016 and 2017 at the Lon Mann Cotton Research Station near Marianna, AR, the Arkansas Agricultural Research and Extension Center in Fayetteville, AR, and in 2016 at the Pine Tree Research Station near Colt, AR. The tests included ALS-inhibiting herbicides from all five families: sulfonylureas, imidazolinones, pyrimidinylthiobenzoics, triazolinones, and triazolopyrimidines. Treatments were made PRE or POST to grain sorghum at a 1× rate for crops in which each herbicide is labeled. Grain sorghum planted in the PRE trial were Inzen™ and a conventional cultivar. Visible estimates of injury and sorghum heights were recorded at 2 and 4 wk after herbicide application, and yield data were collected at crop maturity. In the PRE trial, no visible injury, sorghum height reduction, or yield loss were observed in plots containing the Inzen™ cultivar. Applications made POST to the Inzen™ grain sorghum caused visible injury, sorghum height reduction, and yield loss of 20%, 13%, and 35%, respectively, only in plots where bispyribac-Na was applied. There was no impact on the crop from other POST-applied ALS-inhibiting herbicides. These results demonstrate that the Inzen™ trait confers cross-resistance to most ALS-inhibiting herbicides and could offer promising new alternatives for weed control and protection from carryover of residual ALS-inhibiting herbicides in grain sorghum. Nomenclature: Nicosulfuron; pyrithiobac; grain sorghum, Sorghum bicolor L. Moench ssp. bicolor
Diversity of solitary electron holes operating with non-perturbative trapping

A non-perturbative update of Schamel's pseudo-potential method is employed to show the diversity in structure formation in collisionless plasmas, manifested already in the solitary wave limit. As an example, the Gaussian-shaped solitary electron hole, known from earlier Bernstein, Greene, and Kruskal (BGK) analyses, known to be a specific, albeit incomplete wave solution, is updated by subjecting it to a non-perturbative pseudo-potential analysis. Only by the latter can a speed be assigned to it. A perturbative trapping scenario is thereby defined by a Taylor expansion of the trapped electron distribution function fet with respect to − ϵ, where ϵ : = v 2 2 − ϕ ( x ) is the single particle energy. It stands for the class of privileged, solitary sech4-holes, and properly extends undamped linear waves into the nonlinear regime lifting them at a higher level of reliability. A non-perturbative trapping scenario, on the other hand, cannot be handled by a Taylor expansion as it refers to singular terms in the small ϵ-limit, affecting the collective dynamics in phase space especially near separatrices. Being not only suitable to update BGK solutions, it opens the door to a much richer world of structure formation than treated before. To face physical reality properly, however, one has to go one step further by locally and self-consistently incorporating a structure dependent collisionality in the kinetic description and in the numerical simulation, as well. By this removal of cusp-singularities, associated with reliable Vlasov–Poisson-solutions, a more realistic approach to intermittent plasma turbulence and anomalous resistivity may be achieved in forthcoming investigations.
Financing of Small and Medium Scale Enterprises and Economic Growth in Nigeria (1994-2015)

The reason for low performance of the industrial sector in Nigeria is mostly associated with the poor attention paid to the financing of small and medium scale enterprises which is accepted worldwide to be the engine of economic growth and development of any nation. It is for this reason; this study investigates financing of small and medium scale enterprises and economic growth in Nigeria from 1994 to 2015. Ex-post facto research design was adopted in this study. Quantitative method was employed in this study by using Ordinary Least Square Method (OLS) as estimation technique. using multiple regression, the finding of this study was that financing of SMEs positively and significantly impact the development i.e. economic growth of Nigeria. The study therefore recommends that government should show commitment towards diversifying the economy beyond oil sector and that government should explore the advantages of SMEs to enhance economic growth in Nigeria.
An Analytical Method for Generating Determined Torque Ripple in Synchronous Machines with Surface Magnets by Harmonic Current Injection

In this paper, we present a new analytical method to calculate the required amplitudes and phase angles of the injected harmonic currents, to generate a determined torque ripple for synchronous machines with surface-mounted permanent magnets. First, we described the machine equations as a function of the phase current and the back electromotive force. We then introduced a new asymmetrical power system. After combining the equations, we established a linear system of equations. The solution of the equation system yielded the amplitudes and phase angles of the harmonic currents to be injected. Finally, we validated the method with several finite element method simulations. With this method, a previously defined torque ripple could be generated very accurately for synchronous machines with surface magnets.
Variation in Allometric Shell Growth and Relationship with Sexual Size Dimorphism in Repatriated Indian Star Tortoises ( Geochelone elegans ) (Reptilia: Testudinidae)

This study assesses the rate and pattern of variation of allometric shell growth in Indian star tortoise Geochelone elegans. Morphometric measurements of 83 Indian star tortoises were taken over 6 months. The anal notch measurements correctly classified the sex of the individuals based on the results of multiple regression analysis and chi-square test. Discriminant analysis clustered the growth rates into three age groups. The shell growth across sexes varied with age and morphometric measurements of the shell characters (length in males; width in females). The increase in straight carapace width and plastron length (PL) was significantly different across sexes (females > males and males > females respectively) in 5-7 years age class only. A pronounced increase in PL in males and overall width in females only in the age class of 7-9 years may indicate the influence of sexual selection. The difference in allometric shell growth (in males and females) may thus lead to sexually dimorphic adults.
Magnet: exposing abusive relationships with interactive narrative

This article is part of a non-finished project whose aim is to highlight the importance and the impact of using interactive narratives to expose and provoke reflection on social issues, and, conjointly, to present the concept of Magnet, an interactive game in development that features a female main character who is trapped in an abusive relationship, approaching the circumstances surrounding this matter.
Multisymplectic structure-preserving scheme for the coupled Gross–Pitaevskii equations

In this paper, we study numerically the dynamics of the rotating Bose–Einstein condensates (BECs) modelled by the coupled Gross–Pitaevskii (CGP) equations with angular momentum rotating terms. First, the multisymplectic structure of the CGP equations is investigated by introducing some canonical momenta which allows us to construct the corresponding multisymplectic schemes. Then applying the midpoint rule in both temporal and spatial directions, a multisymplectic scheme is proposed for the CGP equations. The conservative properties and the convergence analysis are discussed for the multisymplectic scheme. The cut-off function technique is utilized for the error estimation. Numerical examples are carried out to verify the conservative property and the convergence rate.
Evolutionary, structural and functional explorations of non-coding RNA and protein genetic robustness

The reactions of functional molecules like RNAs and proteins to mutation affect both host cell viability and biomolecular evolution. These molecules are considered robust if function is maintained alongside the mutation. RNAs and proteins have different structural and functional characteristics that affect their robustness, and to date, comparisons between them have been theoretical. In this work, we tested the relative mutational robustness of RNA and protein pairs using three approaches: evolutionary, structural, and functional. We compared the nucleotide diversities of functional RNAs with those of matched proteins. Across different levels of conservation, there were no differences in nucleotide-level variations between the biomolecules. We then directly tested the robustness of the RNA and protein pairs with in vitro and in silico mutagenesis of their respective genes. The in silico experiments showed that RNAs and proteins reacted similarly to point mutations and insertions or deletions. In vitro, mutated fluorescent RNAs retained greater levels of function than the proteins, but this may be because of differences in the robustness of the specific individual molecules rather than being indicative of a larger trend. In this first experimental comparison of proteins and RNAs, we found no consistent quantitative differences in mutational robustness. Future work on potential qualitative differences and other forms of robustness will give further insight into the evolution and functionality of biomolecules. Significance Statement The ability of functional RNAs and proteins to maintain function despite mutations in their respective genes is known as mutational robustness. Robustness impacts how molecules maintain and change phenotypes, which has a bearing on the evolution and the origin of life as well as influences modern biotechnology. Both RNA and protein have mechanisms that allow them to absorb DNA-level changes. Proteins have a redundant genetic code and non-coding RNAs can maintain structure through flexible base-pairing possibilities. The few theoretical treatments comparing RNA and protein robustness differ in their conclusions. In this experimental comparison of RNAs and proteins, we find that RNAs and proteins achieve remarkably similar degrees of overall genetic robustness.
Investigation of Silver Nitrate on Cytotoxicity and Apoptosis in MCF7 Human Breast Carcinoma Cells

Background: Metal compounds have been studied in vitro for many years and these compounds’s effects are shown on tumors. Anticancer potential of silver and silver metal compounds is investigated in these days. A study on the in vitro interactions of silver nitrate (AgNO3) with MCF7 human breast carcinoma cells was performed to detect cytotoxic effects which induce apoptotic pathways.Materials and Methods: The cytotoxicity of silver nitrate which administered on MCF7 cells was assessed by MTT assay. The apoptotic influences of silver nitrate (IC50: inhibition concentration) were determined using Annexin V-FITC/PI, JC-1, TUNEL paraffin embedded and confocal microscopy assays. Silver nitrate induced cytotoxicity and apoptosis in MCF7 cells. Results: In this work, we demonstrated that the inhibition of cell growth which is time and dose dependent in MCF7 cells for 24, 48 and 72 hours. The inhibition concentration of silver nitrate (IC50) was found as 10 µM in MCF7 cells for 72 hrs. The early/late apoptotic and necrotic changes which occured with silver nitrate (IC50: 10µM) administered, were analyzed in the MCF7 cells for 72 hrs. However, the reduced mitochondrial membrane activity (ΔΨmt) was observed by silver nitrate-treated (IC50: 10µM) in the MCF7 cells for 72 hrs. In addition to these ﬁndings, a variety of apoptotic structures were demonstrated on MCF7 cells for 72 hrs. Conclusions: The results suggest that silver nitrate could be attributed as chemotherapeutic agent for medical applications in breast cancer treatment.
A New Sensor for Robotic Mars Rovers in Sandy Terrains Predicting Critical Soil Flow Using the Spiral Soil Flow Model

SUMMARY The current contribution presents a new sinkage sensor specified for an unmanned ground vehicle to find the exact sinkage zone of a wheel interacting with the soil particles. This sensor will be wrapped around the wheel, and consequently, contact analog outputs will be used in soil deposition and bulldozing effect prediction. Furthermore, the new sensor will be used for a novel soil flow calculation estimating the total mass variation of the control volume of soil particles beneath the wheel. Accordingly, the spiral model simulating the displacement of the particle is implemented to calculate the soil deposition.
Hand-Based Biometric System Using Convolutional Neural Networks

Today, data security is an increasingly hot topic, and thus also the security and reliability of end-user identity verification, i.e. authentication. In recent years, banks began to substitute password authentication by more secure ways of authentication because passwords were not considered to be secure enough. Current legislation even forces banks to implement multi-factor authentication of their clients. Banks, therefore, consider using biometric authentication as one of the possible ways. To verify a user's identity, biometric authentication uses unique biometric characteristics of the user. Examples of such methods are facial recognition, iris scanning, fingerprints, and so on. This paper deals with another biometric feature that could be used for authentication in mobile banking applications; as almost all mobile phones have an integrated camera, hand authentication can make a banking information system more secure and its user interface more convenient. Although the idea of hand biometric authentication is not entirely new and there exist many ways of implementing it, our approach based on using convolutional neural networks is not only innovative, but its results are promising as well. This paper presents a modern approach to identifying users by convolutional neural networks when this type of neural network is used both for hand features extraction and bank user identity validation.
The Search for a Receptor for Cell Infection by Bovine Leukemia Virus: Data Mining and Signaling Pathways Analysis

The bovine leukaemia virus (BLV) is widely spread all over the world. Currently, treatment of leukaemia-infected animals is not carried out. Not all virus carriers become ill with leukaemia. The existing genetic resistance to the disease is due to the presence of alleles of resistance of the main histocompatibility complex. However, another mechanism of resistance is possible, which is associated with the penetration of the virus into the cell. The work aimed to analyse the currently available data on possible receptors of the virus. Four potential molecules were found. The results suggest that the potential BLV receptor is a CD209 protein.
Influência da somatotropina recombinante bovina (rbST) na produção in vitro de embriões em vacas leiteiras: uma revisão

The in vitro production of embryos (PIV) associated with follicular aspiration guided by ultrasound (OPU) allows for increased use of animals of high genetic value, maximizing milk production, increasing the number of births per donor and reducing the gap between generations, which are important prerequisites for the genetic improvement of dairy herds. Despite these factors, the rates of blastocysts produced in vitro are still lower than desired. With this, recombinant bovine somatotropin (rbST) has been combined with different reproduction techniques in order to improve the quality of embryos produced in vitro. This review aims analyze the in vitro production of embryos and their steps, addressing their current issues, as well as the influence of the use of rbST in vitro production of embryos in dairy cows.
UNİKOMPARTMANTAL DİZ PROTEZİ UYGULANAN HASTALARDA ÇİMENTO KULLANIMININ ERKEN-ORTA DÖNEM KLİNİK SONUÇLARA ETKİSİNİN KARŞILAŞTIRILMASI

Amac: Cimentosuz unikompartmantal diz protezi (UDP) kullanimi son zamanlarda artmistir. Bunun yaninda cimentolu ve cimentosuz UDP uygulamalarinin kiyaslandigi az sayida calisma bulunmaktadir. Bu calismanin amaci cimentolu ve cimentosuz UDP uygulamalarinin klinik sonuclarini karsilastirmaktir. Yontem: Retrospektif olarak 85 Oxford® UDP (38 cimentosuz, 47 cimentolu) uygulanan 78 hasta degerlendirildi. Takip suresi ortalama 18,3 ay (12-36) idi. Hastalarin klinik degerlendirilmesinde Oxford Diz Skoru (ODS) ve KOOS (Diz Yaralanma ve Osteoartrit Sonuc Skoru) kullanildi. Bulgular: Diz eklem hareket acikliklari, ODS, KOOS-agri, -semptom, -gunluk yasam, -spor ve -yasam kalitesi skorlari ameliyat oncesi ve sonrasi donemlerde her iki grup arasinda karsilastirildiginda istatistiksel olarak anlamli bir fark bulunmamistir (p>0,05). Her iki grup arasinda re-operasyon oranlari acisindan istatistiksel olarak anlamli fark yoktu (p>0,05). Cimentosuz grupta ortalama ameliyat suresi 39,2 dakika iken, cimentolu grupta 50,4 dakika idi (p<0,001). Sonuc: Cimentosuz UDP, cimentolu UDP’ye benzer oranda iyi klinik ve fonksiyonel sonuc saglamakla birlikte, benzer komplikasyon oranina ve daha kisa ameliyat suresine sahiptir. Bu konuda net bir sonuca varilabilmesi icin daha genis olgu serileri ve daha uzun takip suresine ihtiyac vardir.
¿Por qué los gobiernos promueven estrategias de datos abiertos? Los casos de México, Chile y Colombia

The goal of this work is to explore the political circumstances driving government authorities to further and develop relatively robust Open Government Data (OGD) strategies, even though this may imply them weakening their power and giving away their control over data to citizens, Congresspeople and other stakeholders. With this aim, this work studies the cases of Mexico, Chile and Colombia between 2010 and 2018 these countries have implemented OGD strategies with varying degrees of success. The data provided by interviewees, along with that retrieved from secondary sources, show that (1) the robustness of Mexico's OGD strategy owes signi cantly to the corruption cases President Peña Nieto and his wife were directly involved in; (2) the weakness of the Chilean OGD strategy is coherent with a general lack of interest in this technology among government authorities; and (3) the incremental, robust evolution of Colombia's OGD strategy is indirectly connected to President Santos' intention that Colombia would improve its international reputation.