Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A software system for the simulation of chest lesions

We report on the development of a novel software tool for the simulation of chest lesions. This software tool was developed for use in our study to attain optimal ambient lighting conditions for chest radiology. This study involved 61 consultant radiologists from the American Board of Radiology. Because of its success, we intend to use the same tool for future studies. The software has two main functions: the simulation of lesions and retrieval of information for ROC (Receiver Operating Characteristic) and JAFROC (Jack-Knife Free Response ROC) analysis. The simulation layer operates by randomly selecting an image from a bank of reportedly normal chest x-rays. A random location is then generated for each lesion, which is checked against a reference lung-map. If the location is within the lung fields, as derived from the lung-map, a lesion is superimposed. Lesions are also randomly selected from a bank of manually created chest lesion images. A blending algorithm determines which are the best intensity levels for the lesion to sit naturally within the chest x-ray. The same software was used to run a study for all 61 radiologists. A sequence of images is displayed in random order. Half of these images had simulated lesions, ranging from subtle to obvious, and half of the images were normal. The operator then selects locations where he/she thinks lesions exist and grades the lesion accordingly. We have found that this software was very effective in this study and intend to use the same principles for future studies.
Tradition and Culture: An Important Determinant of Inuit Women’s Health

This exploratory qualitative study used a case study method to explore Inuit women’s perspectives on their health and well-being. Data were gathered using face-to-face interviews from a purposive sample of women in one Nunavut community who self-identified as Inuit. Data analysis and interpretation were guided by an established approach in qualitative research called “immersion/crystallization. ” Various strategies, including methods of verification and validition, were employed to ensure the scientific rigour and reliability of the study’s findings. The mechanisms through which culture and tradition affected women’s perceptions of health and well-being were clearly illustrated and clearly significant to the interview subjects. Women used examples of teenage pregnancy and parenting issues to illustrate traditional practices in Nunavut communities and their significance in an increasingly non-traditional society. Women stressed the importance of speaking Inuktitut and teaching it to their children. Many associated their ability to speak Inuktitut with their ties to Inuit traditions. Women described the grief experienced from loss of culture leading to problems related to identity, social inclusion and wellness. Culture and traditional knowledge were identified as key determinants of health for Canadian Inuit women. This study provides important information to inform and guide health promotion and illness prevention planning. The study will also help decision-makers and health professionals address some of the health issues affecting Inuit women by providing them with some insight into Inuit women’s local and contemporary circumstances. The results of this work can support local efforts to identify priorities for policy and program development relevant to Inuit women’s specific needs. Finally, the relevance of insight gained through the health perspectives of Inuit women in Nunavut deserves further investigation in relation to other Arctic regions, both in Canada and in the larger circumpolar community.
Text Mining for Systems Biology and MetNet

iv Chapter 1. Background: text mining of biological literature for interaction extraction 1 1.1 Review of interaction extraction methods 3 1.2 Existing problems 9 Chapter 2. Research method and result 11 2.1 Text empirics research overview 11 2.2 Advancing text empirics and its application for extracting biomolecular interactions from the literature 12 2.2.1 Previous work on sentence structure properties 12 2.2.2 Interaction terms and probability that an interaction is described 15 2.2.2.1 Interaction term properties for interaction extraction 15 3.2.2.2 Training corpus creation and analysis 19 2.2.3 Applying the results of section 2.2.2.2 to identify interactions between biomolecules and create interaction network 58 2.2.3.1 Methods for identifying interactions between two biomolecules 58 2.2.3.2 Interaction network creation 60 2.2.3.3 Assessment of the interaction network 63 2.2.3.4 Discussion of the interaction network result 68 2.2. 4 Interaction-indicating terms extraction based on text empirics 71 2.2. 4.1 Extraction method 73 2.2. 4.2 Results and analysis 86 2.3 Conclusion and future research 95 2.3.1 Conclusion and discussion 95 2.3.2 Interactions involving several interaction-indicating terms 98 2.3.2 Hidden interaction extraction and integration into interaction networks 100 Appendix I Text empirics data sample Text empirics data sample table “ATP” & “Myosin” 104 Appendix II Results of proportion of different pairs in sentences, phrases, interaction indicating terms investigation 110
Endothelial plasticity: shaping health & disease

Endotheelcellen (EC) spelen een cruciale rol in vasculaire fysiologie. Aanvankelijk beschouwd als passieve barriere, inmiddels wordt het endotheel gewaardeerd als een complex weefsel met multipele functies. EC reguleren bloedstolling en vaattonus, moduleren immuun- en ontstekingsreacties en dirigeren vasculaire ontwikkeling. Hierdoor zijn EC cruciaal voor het vormgeven van gezondheid, wat een hoge mate van adaptatie en plasticiteit verreist. Schadelijke stimuli als pro-fibrotische en pro-inflammatoire factoren of zuurstofradicalen, induceren endotheelschade en –dysfunctie. Indien aanhoudend, kan dit resulteren in endotheel-naar-mesenchym transitie (EndMT) wat bijdraagt aan fibro-proliferatieve ziekten. Hierdoor kan EC plasticiteit ook vorm geven aan ziekten. In dit proefschrift hebben we onderzocht hoe de plasticiteit van EC gestuurd wordt door lokale omgevingsfactoren. We hebben aangetoond dat chronische ontstekingsziekten negatieve effecten hebben op endotheelvoorlopercel (EPC) biologie, door het circulerende aantal te verlagen en de functie te verminderen. We hebben laten zien dat zowel mature EC als EPC een hoge mate van plasticiteit bezitten in vitro, blijkens hun capaciteit om TGF-beta-geinduceerde EndMT te ondergaan. We hebben ook aangetoond hoe pro-fibrotische en pro-inflammatoire factoren synergistisch werken op inductie van EndMT. En tenslotte, hoe hemodynamische factoren EndMT zowel kunnen inhiberen, als stimuleren. Hierdoor zijn inzichten verkregen in de regulatie van EndMT in vivo en de mogelijke bijdrage hiervan aan (vaat)ziekten. De voornaamste uitkomst van onze studies is dat EC een hoge mate van plasticiteit behouden gedurende het adulte leven. Deze inzichten bieden nieuwe perspectieven voor regeneratieve geneeskunde en stellen vraagtekens bij de huidige dogma’s over het ontstaan van fibro-proliferatieve vaatziekten.
MINIMALLY INVASIVE OPERATIVE FIXATION OF ANKLE FRACTURES USING RUSH PIN

Purpose: To demonstrate that Rush pin is safe and effective in selected fragility ankle fractures. Introduction: Fragility ankle fracture is increasing proportionately to their age. It produces not only clinical challenge due to multiple co morbidities but also a challenge to heal the fracture and particularly the skin. We found that early minimal intervention by stabilizing the lateral column with a rush nail is safe, beneficial and acceptable practice in selected cases. Material & Method: Retrospective case notes & X-rays review of fragility ankle fractures between 1st of January 2005 to 31 st of August 2008 selection using the criteria below ✓ Closed Ankle Fracture ✓ Elderly or fragility fracture ✓ Minimal invasive ORIF Results: Seven patients found. Mean age: 78.2 M: F – 1:5 ASA CLASS: 3–4 All patients had ankle fracture with fragile or damaged skin. All operated within 10 days of injury, including those who were on warfarin or significant medical problems. All underwent closed reduction and or percutaneous medial malleolar fixation and stabilization of the lateral column with Rush Pin through a stab incision under x-ray control. A lightweight plaster was applied for 4–6 weeks. All fracture healed in a acceptable position without any skin complication. One patient who had pre operative ulcer also healed. Discussion/Conclusion: Minimally invasive treatment has no surgical wound complication. All fracture healed in a satisfactory position. All discharged after mean follow up of 6 month. One death due to unrelated cause after 5 weeks of operation. Rush pin fixation in fragility fracture is a useful and safe methods of treatment in selected group.
Results of Perioperative Care of Patients with Congenital Heart Defects during 18 Months Experience of the Cardiac Surgery Department of the Centro Materno Infantil. National University of Asunción

Introduction: Survival of patients with congenital heart defects has improved in recent years thanks to improved diagnostic, surgical, anesthetic, and extracorporeal circulation techniques, and the arrival of new and more selective cardioactive drugs. Objectives: To describe perioperative care and postoperative progress of patients following surgery performed in the department of cardiac surgery and pediatrics department of the Centro Materno Infantil (CMI) of the national university's school of medical sciences over a period of 18 months, and its relationship to the type of surgery performed (elective or emergency) and the patient's presurgical physical status classification of the American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA-PS). Materials and Methods: A retrospective, descriptive, observational study with an analytical component using the medical records of patients operated on in the department of cardiac surgery between January 2007 and June 2008. Results: Of the 91 patients undergoing surgery, 38 (42%) were male, and 53 (58%) were female, with ages ranging from 2 days to 18 years. Uncomplicated heart disease was found in 54 patients (59.3%), and complications confirmed by color Doppler echocardiography were found in 37 (40.7%). Cardiac catheters were needed before surgery by 3 patients (3.3%). All surgeries (100%) were performed under balanced general anesthesia. Of the 91 patients operated on, 42 (46.2%) received extracorporeal circulation (ECC) and 49 (53.8%) did not. Of the 42 patients who received ECC, all involved
Aplicación de Procesos Poisson-Gaussianos a los Rendimientos de los Activos en El: New York Stock Ex

Resumen Despues de mas de 200 anos del nacimiento del mercado de valores en la ciudad de New York, USA (1972), los inversionistas siguen buscando la mejor manera de poder predecir el comportamiento de los rendimientos de los activos para maximizar sus ganancias. Bachelier (1900) incorporo al movimiento Browniano como un elemento que, siendo aleatorio, nos ayudarIa a modelar mejor el comportamiento de las series de tiempo de los rendimientos. Desafortunadamente, las desventajas al incorporar el Browniano incluye suponer que los rendimientos de las acciones se comportan como log normales. Este trabajo propone el uso de una modelacion distinta a la que solo incluye distribucion normal utilizando los rendimientos de un grupo de activos de la New York Stock Exchange, New York, USA. Se aplica una aproximacion propuesta por Sanjiv Das (1998) originalmente aplicada a las tasas de interEs, para la obtencion de la funcion de verosimilitud para el caso de once activos pertenecientes al NYSE y las series del 1 de Enero de 1994 al 31 de Diciembre de 2004. Abstract After more than 200 years since the birth of the stock market in the city of New York, USA (1792), inventors are looking for the best way to predict the behavior of the asset returns to maximize their profits. Bachelier (1900) did use the Brownian motion as a tandom element that would help us to have better models to forecast behavior of returns series. Unfortunately, the use of the Brownian motion have disadvantages: for example, we have to assume that the asset returns behave like log - normal. This paper proposes the use of a different modelling which includes normal distribution using the returns of a group of assets of the New York Stock Exchange, in New York, USA. An approach of Sanjiv Das (1998) which was first applied to the interest rates, is used in obtaining the likelihood function for the case of eleven assets belonging of the New York Stock Exchange using corresponding data from January 1st, 1994 to December 31th, 2004.
Measuring the Contribution of the Neuromuscular System during a Pitch Control Task

Current pilot models oversimplify the neuromuscular system as a second-order low-pass filter, merely focusing on its role in limiting the stick position bandwidth. However, the neuromuscular system also functions as a fast feedback control system due to reflexive activity and inherent muscle visco-elasticity, allowing pilots to respond intuitively to control column forces, much faster than visual or vestibular cues would allow. Models that neglect this property of the neuromuscular system erroneously attribute its activity to the visual or vestibular system when their parameters are estimated by system identification methods. This paper’s aim is to show a proof-of-concept for a novel method to supplement the currently used pilot models with measurements for the neuromuscular system. These measurements will form the basis for more detailed neuromuscular models, allowing a better description of the contribution of the visual, vestibular, and neuromuscular feedback to the pilot’s control output. In this paper the novel method’s modeling outcome (lumped arm inertia, viscosity and stiffness) will be compared to the conventional neuromuscular estimation (indirect estimation of natural frequency and relative damping). A limited study was performed to provide data for parameter fits of a linearized pilot model for 1 DOF pitch control tasks. In the motion-based SIMONA Research Simulator (SRS) a pilot was instructed to perform a pursuit pitch-tracking task, in face of turbulence on the aircraft, and control force perturbations on the control column. In a novel perturbation method, these three forcing functions (perturbing the visual tracking signal, disturbing the aircraft’s elevator deflection and the control-force cues) were designed to contain power at three different frequency sets, allowing simultaneous identification of three corresponding frequency response functions. Additionally, a separate experiment was done to demonstrate the adaptability of the neuromusculoskeletal system, showing that a pilot can become approximately ten times more stiff or compliant than during relaxed conditions. The parameters in the visual, vestibular and neuromuscular system models are estimated by a combination of model-based system identification techniques in the frequency domain. The novel method provides estimated values for the pilot’s lumped arm dynamics (inertia, viscosity and stiffness) while executing a pitch control task. For this task, the corresponding relative damping and natural frequency are in the same order of magnitude as those estimated in the conventional method.
Humor ou sexismo? Uma análise crítica das narrativas publicitárias nos filmes do Porta dos Fundos

This article intends to analyze the narrative structure of three advertising films produced for massive brands by Porta dos Fundos channel, aimed to be broadcasted by YouTube. We present as goal the observation of the advertising production for entertainment and humor as a persuasive element, problematizing the use of sexist arguments within their narratives, which produce meaning and reinforce male chauvinist hegemonic values. To perform the analyses, we have considered the theoretical and methodological proposals by Bordwell and Thompson (2014). From the conclusions, which evidence the sexism disguised by humor as content presented by the narratives that compose the corpus of this research, emerges a questioning about the social function of advertising and negative consequences to the brands involved, which are originated from narratives that reinforce the gender inequality.
Reproduction in Three-Dimensional Ink-Jet Printing

Peer reviewed journal article published in the Journal of Imaging Science and Technology, Vol. 54, 060201 (2010). Three-dimensional printing is a powder-based solid freeform fabrication technique. It is based on conventional ink jet printing technology, basic materials being powders and binders (inks). As the process uses colored binders, text and graphic elements can be reproduced on the objects. The reproduction of three-dimensional prints surface elements was evaluated, also using image analysis, which was studied as a tool for reproduction evaluation. A test target, consisting of selected geometric and text elements, was placed on the surface of designed three-dimensional plate. The test plates were placed in different relative xyz positions, as well as printed with different preferences. The evaluation was done on light microscope captures, while scanned images of three-dimensional prints surfaces were used and observed as well. Changes in three-dimensional printed surface elements reproduction due to the objects’ positioning and printing preferences, and binder-powder interactions were discussed. Specific image analysis procedures were researched as a tool for objective reproduction evaluation. The authors wish to thank several persons for their help, support and advice; Edo Sternad, Andrej Žužek, Kristjan Celec, Ib-Procadd, Slovenia. Materials for the three-dimensional printing and printing services supplied by Ib-Procadd, Ljubljana, Slovenia. This work is partly funded by the Croatian Ministry of Science, Education and Sports Project Reference No. 128-0000000-3288.
Om betydelsen av vinstsyftet i aktiebolagslagen

Det finns pa bolagsrattens omrade vissa till synes eviga fragor. De dyker da och da upp i den bolagsrattsliga diskussionen men far inte nagot slutligt och allmant accepterat svar. En sadan fraga ar i vems intresse verksamheten i ett bolag, sarskilt aktiebolag, ska anses bedrivas. Fragan har nog for de flesta ett sjalvklart svar, namligen att verksamheten ska anses bedrivas i agarnas intresse. For andra synes emellertid svaret inte vara lika givet. Fran olika hall havdas fran tid till annan att verksamheten, sarskilt i stora bolag, ska anses bedrivas eller i vart fall for framtiden borde anses bedrivas inte bara i aktieagarnas utan ocksa i andras intresse. I forevarande artikel redogor jag kortfattat for varfor denna senare syn pa saken enligt min mening ar felaktig saval de lege lata som de lege ferenda
Manual of Clinical Microbiology

Why should wait for some days to get or receive the manual of clinical microbiology book that you order? Why should you take it if you can get the faster one? You can find the same book that you order right here. This is it the book that you can receive directly after purchasing. This manual of clinical microbiology is well known book in the world, of course many people will try to own it. Why don't you become the first? Still confused with the way?
Spoon-feeding or self-feeding? : the infant's first experience of solid food

Since 2002, the minimum recommended age worldwide for the introduction of solid foods has been six months, an age when most infants are able to bring food to their mouth and chew it, without assistance. Despite this, the practice of spoon feeding with purees remains prevalent and most research to date has examined the introduction of solid foods from the adult’s perspective rather than the infant’s. As a result, factors that may impact on the food preferences of infants, such as the appearance, smell and haptic qualities of food, have not been investigated, nor has the routine use of pureed foods been challenged. Similarly, while differences have been well documented between the processes of breastfeeding and bottle feeding, the possibility that there may be pertinent differences between spoon feeding and self-feeding has not been explored. Overall, the introduction of solid foods has been researched in nutritional terms, rather than in relation to the infant’s experience and his wider learning and development. This study appears to be the first to explore the introduction of solid food from the infant’s perspective. Ten infants were offered a single food, both as a graspable piece and as a spoon-fed puree. The experience was audio/video-recorded and analysed in depth using a combination of quantitative and qualitative methods. Two interviews were conducted with the mother of each infant, during which they were asked to eat the same food, in the same formats, as their infant, and to comment on the audio/video-recording. The findings indicate that spoon feeding and self-feeding are two contrasting experiences. Self-feeding was seen to be characterised by exploratory behaviour, while spoon feeding showed more evidence of avoidant behaviour by the infant and controlling behaviour by the mother. Possible implications for parental and professional guidance and for future research are discussed.
Neurobiology of diabetic neuropathy

Primary mechanisms. How does glucose generate oxidative stress in Peripheral Nerve? Irina Obrosova. Glycation in Diabetic Neuropathy: Characteristics, Consequences, Causes and Therapeutic Options, Paul Thornalley. Secondary changes. Protein Kinase C Changes in Diabetes -- Is the concept relevant to neuropathy? Joseph Eichberg. Are MAP kinases glucose transducers for diabetic neuropathies? Tertia D. Purves and David R. Tomlinson. Neurofilaments in Diabetic Neuropathy, Paul Fernyhough and Robert E. Schmidt. Apoptosis in Diabetic Neuropathy, Aviva Tolkovsky. Nerve and Ganglion Blood Flow in Diabetes: An Appraisal, Douglas W. Zochodne. Manifestations. Potential Mechanisms of Neuropathic Pain in Diabetes Nigel A. Calcutt. Changes in nerve conduction velocity - What Are Their Mechanisms and What Do They Mean? Joe Arezzo. Neuropathology and Pathogenesis of Diabetic Autonomic Neuropathy, Robert E. Schmidt. The Role of the Schwann Cell in Diabetic Neuropathy, Luke Eckersley. Potential Treatment. The Polyol Pathway and Diabetic Peripheral Neuropathy, Peter J. Oates. Nerve Growth Factor for the Treatment of Diabetic Neuropathy: What went wrong, What went right and what does the future hold? Stuart C. Apfel. ACE Inhibitors -- Are there Credible Mechanisms for Beneficial Effects in Diabetic Neuropathy? Rayaz Malik and David Tomlinson. Clinical trials for drugs against diabetic neuropathy -- can we combine scientific needs with clinical and economic practicalities? Dan Ziegler and Dieter Luft.
Developing Mathematical Knowledge for Teaching (MKT) for pre-service teachers: a study of students' developing thinking in relation to the teaching of mathematics

The concept of Mathematical Knowledge for Teaching (MKT) was introduced by Ball and colleagues (Ball, Thames & Phelps, 2008), building on Shulman’s (1986) notion of Pedagogical Content Knowledge. MKT is ‘the mathematical knowledge needed to carry out the work of teaching mathematics’. In this project, a team of researchers at two Irish universities studied the development of MKT in two groups of pre-service teachers. The project aimed to help students develop their own MKT, and to develop a richer conception of the role of mathematics content knowledge in teaching, through a series of workshops designed and delivered by the authors. The students’ awareness and level of MKT was investigated using pre- and post-intervention questionnaires. We describe the intervention and present the findings from the analysis of the data collected. In particular, we describe how the group’s view of the mathematical work of a teacher changed over the course of the project.