Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Utility of the Overhead Squat and Forward Arm Squat in Screening for Limited Ankle Dorsiflexion

Abstract Rabin, A and Kozol, Z. Utility of the overhead squat and forward arm squat in screening for limited ankle dorsiflexion. J Strength Cond Res 31(5): 1251–1258, 2017—Limited ankle dorsiflexion (DF) range of motion (ROM) has been implicated in several lower extremity disorders. Effective screening for DF ROM may, therefore, help to identify “at risk” individuals. The primary purpose of this study was to determine the utility of 2 screening tests in detecting limited ankle DF ROM. Fifty-three healthy participants underwent an overhead squat (OS) test and a forward arm squat (FAS) test, as well as bilateral testing of weight-bearing and non–weight-bearing ankle DF ROM. Participants whose DF ROM fell below 1 SD from the sample average were considered to have limited DF ROM. The sensitivity, specificity, positive, and negative likelihood ratio (LR) of the OS and FAS in detecting individuals with limited DF ROM was calculated. The sensitivity of the OS was 1.00 regardless of the mode or the side of testing, whereas specificity ranged from 0.34 to 0.36. The positive LR of the OS ranged from 1.52 to 1.56, whereas negative LR was 0.00. The sensitivity of the FAS ranged from 0.56 to 0.70, whereas specificity ranged from 0.84 to 0.88. The positive and negative LR of the FAS ranged from 3.49 to 6.02, and 0.34 to 0.53, respectively. Our findings suggest that the OS and FAS may be used as complementing tests in screening for ankle DF limitation. Because of its excellent sensitivity, the OS should be performed first, and if negative, may confidently rule out limited DF ROM. However, given a positive OS, testing should proceed with the FAS, to more confidently rule in limited DF ROM.
A method for mast motion tracking using inertial sensors

In windsurfing, pumping is a reference technique for improving sailing performance and speed. This technique depends on both navigation and athlete physical conditions. For coaches and athletes, the masthead trajectory during pumping is a good indicator to identify the technique being used. In this way, a method based on geometric model used in robotics is proposed to track masthead position using inertial sensors. The proposed mathematical model was validated by simulation; to study the performance of the proposed inertial-based tracking system, preliminary measurements have been carried out indoor on a commercial mast foot. The accuracy of the angles deduced from the inertial sensors measurements was investigated by comparison between the mast foot attitude obtained from nertial sensors' data and from a commercial video-based tracking system taken as reference. A maximum mean error below 10% has been found and the recreated top mast foot trajectory from inertial sensors showed a good similarity with that obtained from the video-based tracking system.
Barriers to oral health promotion in the Republic of Ireland

Aims: This paper discusses the evaluation of a multi-sector oral health promotion intervention in the Republic of Ireland for children with disabilities. It argues that a lack of awareness about the context of interventions means that sometimes people’s health concerns remain unaddressed through a lack of participation. This may actually increase rather than decrease health inequalities. Implementing qualitative methods to provide a context before proceeding with interventions may assist in providing approaches that are fit for purpose when trying to include people in health promotion. Methods: A purposive sample of 15 parents or carers of children with disabilities and 18 non-dental professionals were interviewed in either focus groups or on a one-to-one basis. Results: The qualitative analysis indicated that budget constraints were affecting joint working because non-dental professionals were overstretched, feeling that they only had the capacity to carry out day-to-day work with parents and children. The daily demands of caring for a child with disabilities for many parents meant that they were tied to a day-to-day existence. Conclusions: The qualitative evaluation suggested that an initial lack of knowledge about structural, procedural, and budgetary barriers, coupled with insight into the daily demands on parents caring for children with disabilities, meant that all parents were not enabled. Therefore, achieving the aims of the plan could not be a total success for all parents and children from the outset.
Transition Technology to Explain the Short-sighted Behavior

China enterprises lacked technological innovative motivations for long,and the Market-for-Technology strategy has not reached the expected target.This lies in enterprises’technological myopia stimulated by macro-environment and micro-mechanisms during China’s economic transition.To accelerate China’s technological innovation,it is critical to eliminate the macro and micro-environment factors which give rise to the enterprises’myopia technological behaviors
The distribution and query systems of the RCSB Protein Data Bank

The Protein Data Bank (PDB; http://www.pdb.org) is the primary source of information on the 3D structure of biological macromolecules. The PDB's mandate is to disseminate this information in the most usable form and as widely as possible. The current query and distribution system is described and an alpha version of the future re-engineered system introduced.
xposure to caregiver maltreatment alters expression levels of pigenetic regulators in the medial prefrontal cortex

Quality of maternal care experienced during infancy is a key factor that can confer vulnerability or resilience to psychiatric disorders later in life. Research continues to indicate that early-life experiences can affect developmental trajectories through epigenetic alterations capable of affecting gene regulation and neural plasticity. Previously, our lab has shown that experiences within an adverse caregiving environment (i.e. maltreatment) produce aberrant DNA methylation patterns at various gene loci in the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) of developing and adult rats. This study aimed to determine whether caregiver maltreatment likewise affects expression levels of several genes important in regulating DNA arly-life stress aternal care
Fast compressive sensing radar imaging based on smoothed l0 norm

Compressive sensing technique has been shown capable of reducing the number of data samples beyond the Nyquist theorem, and achieving perfect reconstruction of the original signal. Because of its compressed sampling ability, compressive sensing has been found many applications in imaging, remote sensing conversion and many other fields. Although several kinds of radar imaging arithmetic were proposed, but the reconstructed speed arithmetic are slow. In this paper, we propose a faster compressive sensing radar imaging arithmetic based on smoothed l0 norm. Simulation experiments conformed that the algorithm has faster reconstruct speed and well reconstruct quality compared with other algorithm.
Further evidence of the presence of genetically aberrant HIV-1 strains in Cameroon and Gabon.

The most genetically divergent HIV-1 variants have been isolated from a Cameroonian couple (HIVant70) and a Cameroonian patient (HIVmvp5180) and their complete nucleic acid sequences have been determined. The GPMAWY (HIVant70) and GPMRWRS (HIVmvp5180) amino-acid sequences at the tip of the V3 loop are very different from all the other V3 loops reported so far. A previous study reported on the antigenic evidence of the presence of HIVant70-like viruses in Cameroon and Gabon. Nine sera (4.8%) from HIV-positive individuals from Cameroon and 5 (2.5%) from Gabon were reactive in a HIVant70 V3-loop peptide solid-phase enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). For 2 of these sera HIVca9 (Cameroon) and HIVvi686 (Gabon) the corresponding peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) were available. In order to confirm a genetic relationship with the HIV-1ant70 virus sequencing and phylogenetic analysis was undertaken. A 280 base-pair fragment of the pol gene was amplified by the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) on DNA extracted from cultured PBMC. The newly obtained sequences were aligned with the corresponding pol gene fragments of strains belonging to different subtypes and a phylogenetic tree was generated. The classification of the reference strains in genetic subtypes was identical to their position in the phylogenetic tree based on sequences of the total pol gene. The new samples HIVca9 and HIVvi686 cluster with HIVant70 and HIVmvp5180. Within this cluster HIVca9 and HIVvi686 are more closely related to HIVant70 than to the HIVmvp5180 isolate. Seroreactivity in the HIVant70 V3 loop peptide ELISA leads to the identification of viruses genetically related to HIVant70. Further efforts to assess the true prevalence of these divergent isolates in Cameroon and neighboring countries are necessary in order to select vaccine prototype strains representative of particular geographical areas in Africa.
The Cornell Scale for Depression in Dementia in the context of the Australian Aged Care Funding Instrument: A literature review

A new funding instrument has been introduced into residential aged care known as the Aged Care Funding Instrument. As part of these requirements the assessment of depression for all residents admitted to an Australian aged care facility has been implemented using the Cornell Scale of Depression in Dementia. This literature review was undertaken on the depression prevalence for residents, the Cornell Scale of Depression in Dementia as the assessment tool being utilised and its application for residents who may or may not have dementia. The use of the assessment tool and its reliability and validity are dependent on the assessor’s education and ability to understand depressive symptoms that are often complicated by other co morbidities. There is a serious lack of qualified nursing staff in residential aged care facilities in Australia, and the review and conclusions question whether the information collected through this tool will be of value for the accurate assessment of the presence of depression in residents.
A cladistic analysis of ndhF sequences from representative species of Saintpaulia and Streptocarpus subgenera Streptocarpus and Streptocarpella (Gesneriaceae)

vegetative structures among some species, and are among the few genera in the Gesneriaceac which include species with chromosome counts or 1/ = 15. The similarity of these features has indicated that the two genera are likely to be closely related. This study examines the sequences of the chloroplast gene ndhF among several representative species of SaiJJlpulIlia and representatives of Slreptocarpu.I' subgenera Strcplocarpella and StreptocarplI.l'. The results of this analysis are congruent with those of a previous analysis based on the nuclear ribosomal region, ITS. Sailltpalliia was found to be nested within Streptocarpll.l' subgenus Streprocarpella. The results raise the possibility of the taxonomic revision or these genera, and this is discussed. Comparisons between the data sets are made regarding utility of the two regions, sample size and outgroup.
Effect of Addition of Different Cereal Flours to Sorghum Flour on Dough Fermentation Pattern and Quality Parameters of Kisra

Kisra is fermented sorghum bread which constitutes the staple diet in Sudan. Traditionally the bread is made by utilizing the natural micro flora in sorghum flour. The fermented dough known as Ajean, is prepared Kisra traditionally by mixing sorghum flour with water in a ratio of 1:2 in a round earthenware container called a khumara. A small amount of the previously fermented dough is then added to the mixture to act as a starter.
Five‐year clinical outcomes of sirolimus‐eluting versus paclitaxel‐eluting stents in high‐risk patients

Objectives and Background: First generation drug‐eluting stents have shown differential efficacy in high‐risk patient subsets at one year. It is unclear whether these differences endure over the medium‐ to long‐term. We compared the five‐year clinical efficacy and safety of sirolimus‐eluting stents (SES) and paclitaxel‐eluting stents (PES) in a population of high‐risk patients. Methods: The patient cohorts of the ISAR‐DESIRE, ISAR‐DIABETES, and ISAR‐SMART‐3 randomized trials were followed up for five years and data were pooled. The primary efficacy endpoint of the analysis was the need for target lesion revascularization (TLR) during a five‐year follow‐up period. The primary safety endpoint was the combination of death or myocardial infarction (MI) after five years. Results: A total of 810 patients (405 patients in the SES group and 405 patients in the PES group) was included. Over five years TLR was reduced by 39% with SES compared with PES stent (hazard ratio [HR] 0.61; 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.44–0.85; P = 0.004). No difference was observed according to death or MI rates between the two groups (HR 1.10; 95% CI 0.80–1.50; P = 0.57). Definite stent thrombosis occurred in 0.2% (n = 1) in the SES group and in 1.6% (n = 6) in the PES group (HR 0.16; 95% CI 0.02–1.34; P = 0.12). Conclusions: In high‐risk patient subsets the lower rate of 12‐month TLR observed with SES in comparison PES is maintained out to five years. In terms of safety, although there was no difference in the overall incidence of death or MI, there was a trend towards more frequent stent thromboses with PES. © 2011 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Polycystic ovary syndrome, diabetes and cardiovascular disease: risks and risk factors

Polycystic ovary syndrome is one of the most common endocrine disorders in the human, affecting approximately 10% of women of reproductive age. Although originally considered a gynaecological disorder, the syndrome is associated with a wide range of endocrine and metabolic abnormalities, including insulin resistance. Affected women are at an increased risk of developing gestational and non-insulin dependent diabetes and there is an association with cardiovascular risk factors including obesity, hypertension, dyslipidaemia, hyperhomocysteinaemia, increased intima media thickness and impaired vascular elasticity. The effect on cardiovascular mortality is currently unclear. However, in view of the proven links with diabetes and the cardiovascular risk markers, this condition should be considered within the province of physicians as well as gynaecologists.
MMPI Personality Profiles in Patients With Primary Headache Syndromes

The role of psychological factors in the course of primary headache syndromes is still controversial. Using the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI) we investigated the personality profiles of 434 headache patients (160 migraineurs, 95 with tension type headache, 30 with cluster headache and 149 with combination headache) in accordance with the IHS criteria. In the first three MMPI scales (hypochondria, depression, hysteria) there was a slight increase in T mean values to over 60, but still in the range of two standard deviations of the normal population. There were no statistically significant differences between the four headache groups and between patients with and without analgesic abuse. It was impossible to distinguish headache groups on the basis of their personality profiles by means of reclassification with discriminant analysis. In a cluster analysis, patients with cluster headache showed the highest number (20%) of abnormalities, but also the highest percentage (13%) of completely normal results. Our findings- a cross section analysis of personality profiles-contradict many other MMPI-based studies.
Toward Automated Early Sepsis Alerting: Identifying Infection Patients from Nursing Notes

Severe sepsis and septic shock are conditions that affect millions of patients and have close to 50% mortality rate. Early identification of at-risk patients significantly improves outcomes. Electronic surveillance tools have been developed to monitor structured Electronic Medical Records and automatically recognize early signs of sepsis. However, many sepsis risk factors (e.g. symptoms and signs of infection) are often captured only in free text clinical notes. In this study, we developed a method for automatic monitoring of nursing notes for signs and symptoms of infection. We utilized a creative approach to automatically generate an annotated dataset. The dataset was used to create a Machine Learning model that achieved an F1-score ranging from 79 to 96%.
Modeling interactions between user and producer innovation: User-contested and user-complemented markets

There are two ways to diffuse innovations: for "free" via peer-to-peer channels, and at a price via market channels. In this paper, we consider the effects of rivalry and complementarity between these two important innovation diffusion channels. When innovations that are close substitutes are diffused via both channels, producers face a rival that has rarely been considered in competitive analyses: the option for users to self-supply. We show that this additional option - a "user-contested market" - exerts price discipline on producers, and increases social welfare. We find that users can, under some conditions, exert greater competitive pressure than can rival producers. Innovations diffused peer-to-peer are often useful or essential complements to products diffused via the market - a "user-complemented market. " For example, a product may be sold on the market, while techniques for operating that product may be diffused peer-to-peer. We show that producers of essential components can extract value from complements created and diffused by users. In many cases, producers will prefer their complementors to be users
Chromosome breakpoint distribution of damage induced in peripheral blood lymphocytes by densely ionizing radiation

Purpose: To assess the chromosomal breakpoint distribution in human peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBL) after exposure to a low dose of high linear energy transfer (LET) α-particles using the technique of multiplex fluorescence in situ hybridization (m-FISH). Materials and methods: Separated PBL were exposed in G0 to 0.5 Gy 238Pu α-particles, stimulated to divide and harvested ∼48 – 50 hours after exposure. Metaphase cells were assayed by m-FISH and chromosome breaks identified. The observed distribution of breaks were then compared with expected distributions of breaks, calculated on the assumption that the distribution of breaks is random with regard to either chromosome volume or chromosome surface area. Results: More breaks than expected were observed on chromosomes 2 and 11, however no particular region of either chromosome was identified as significantly contributing to this over-representation. The identification of hot or cold chromosome regions (pter,p,cen,q,qter) varied depending on whether the data were compared according to chromosome volume or surface area. Conclusions: A deviation from randomness in chromosome breakpoint distribution was observed, and this was greatest when data were compared according to the relative surface area of each individual chromosome (or region). The identification of breaks by m-FISH (i.e., more efficient observation of interchanges than intrachanges) and importance of territorial boundaries on interchange formation are thought to contribute to these differences. The significance of the observed non-random distribution of breaks on chromosomes 2 and 11 in relation to chromatin organization is unclear.
Evidence favouring different descending pathways to soleus motoneurones activated by magnetic brain stimulation in man.

1. In resting subjects low‐intensity magnetic stimulation of the brain evoked an inhibition of the soleus H reflex at short latency (conditioning‐test interval, ‐2 to +1 ms) followed approximately 10 ms later by a period of facilitation. During voluntary dynamic or tonic plantar flexion the same stimulus evoked a facilitation with a shorter latency than the inhibition (conditioning‐test interval, ‐5 to ‐1 ms). 2. At the onset of ramp‐and‐hold plantar flexion the short‐latency facilitation was seen at lower intensities of stimulation than the long‐latency facilitation in six of seven subjects. At rest and/or during tonic plantar flexion the opposite was observed in four of the subjects, whereas the two facilitations had approximately the same threshold in the remaining subjects. 3. The short‐latency facilitation decreased approximately 100 ms after the onset of ramp‐and‐hold plantar flexion in all of eight subjects. The long‐latency facilitation, in contrast, either had the same size throughout the ramp phase or even increased around the end of the ramp phase. 4. The short‐latency facilitation of the reflex was significantly larger at the onset of a fast ramp‐and‐hold plantar flexion (10 N m (150 ms)‐1) than at the onset of a slow contraction (10 N m (600 ms)‐1), whereas the opposite was the case for the long‐latency facilitation. 5. As the short‐ and long‐latency facilitations had different thresholds and were differently regulated during voluntary movement, it is suggested that they are caused by activation of different descending pathways by the magnetic stimulus.
Contextual Unmixing of Geospatial Data based on Gaussian Mixture Models and Markov Random Fields

In supervised and unsupervised image classification, it is known that contextual classification methods based on Markov random fields (MRF) improve non-contextual classifiers successfully. In this paper, we consider unsupervised unmixing problem by introduction of a new MRF. First, spectral vectors observed at mixels are assumed to follow Gaussian mixtures. Second, vectors representing fractions of categories are supposed to follow MRF over the observed area. Then, we derive an unsupervised unmixing method, which is also useful for unsupervised classification. The proposed method was evaluated through a synthetic data set and a benchmark data set for classification, and it showed an excellent performance.
Ecosystem Interactions Underlie the Spread of Avian Influenza A Viruses with Pandemic Potential

Despite evidence for avian influenza A virus (AIV) transmission between wild and domestic ecosystems, the roles of bird migration and poultry trade in the spread of viruses remain enigmatic. In this study, we integrate ecosystem interactions into a phylogeographic model to assess the contribution of wild and domestic hosts to AIV distribution and persistence. Analysis of globally sampled AIV datasets shows frequent two-way transmission between wild and domestic ecosystems. In general, viral flow from domestic to wild bird populations was restricted to within a geographic region. In contrast, spillover from wild to domestic populations occurred both within and between regions. Wild birds mediated long-distance dispersal at intercontinental scales whereas viral spread among poultry populations was a major driver of regional spread. Viral spread between poultry flocks frequently originated from persistent lineages circulating in regions of intensive poultry production. Our analysis of long-term surveillance data demonstrates that meaningful insights can be inferred from integrating ecosystem into phylogeographic reconstructions that may be consequential for pandemic preparedness and livestock protection.