Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Data gathering cluster-based approach for in-network aggregation

The large and wide usage of automation of communication systems evolved into the large scale, dense wireless sensor network utilization, for simple modernization of networks. Since the density of nodes is large, it is obvious that there are high possibilities of data redundancy between neighboring nodes. This may further deploy energy and our concern to increase energy conservation. To conserve energy, datas are fused at source nodes and aggregated at branch nodes. We concentrate at reducing energy by data fusion and data aggregation at intermediate nodes, thereby reducing the cost and energy consumption. We suggest a Routing methodology for In-Network Aggregation, which has some vital aspects such as reduced number of messages for setting up a routing tree, multiple routes, and high aggregation rate. The results indicate clearly that the performance studied in terms of Packet Data Rate, Scalability and Throughput. The results would show good performance index in different aspects required by WSNs.
Kohlendioxid - Lebenselixier oder Klimakiller

Klimaforscher, Politiker und Journalisten verbreiten gegenwartig in unertraglicher Weise KlimaKatastrophenmeldungen. Das reicht von Formulierungen wie: „Ein sterbender Gletscher, ermordet von Klimagasen“, uber die sich SCHULZ (2007) richtigerweise beklagt, bis hin zum Film „An Inconvenient Truth“, fur den der ehemalige US-Vizeprasident AL GORE mit einem Oscar ausgezeichnet wurde (AL GORE 2007). Da ist es schon wohltuend, wenn im vierten IPCC-Bericht, der im Fruhjahr in drei Banden erscheinen soll, formuliert wird, es sei sehr wahrscheinlich, dass die gegenwartige Klimaanderung nicht allein auf naturliche Ursachen zuruckzufuhren ist (Die Welt v. 2.2.2007). Freilich, als erster Teil erschien die fur Politiker gedachte Zusammenfassung (IPCC 2007). Als Hauptschuldiger an der beobachteten Erwarmung gilt – wie bereits im dritten Bericht aus dem Jahr 2001 (HOUGHTON 2001) – das Kohlendioxid. Auf der Grundlage modellierbarer Szenarien z.B. des CO2-Ausstoses werden Hypothesen uber die in den kommenden Jahrzehnten zu befurchtenden Klimaanderungen abgeleitet, wobei vom Heizmechanismus des Treibhauseffektes ausgegangen wird. (ROEDEL 2000, KRAUS 2004). So prophezeit man bis 2100 einen Temperaturanstieg zwischen 2 und 4 C (im Bericht von 2001 waren dies 1,5 bis 5,5 C) sowie einen Meeresspiegelanstieg zwischen 0,2 und 0,6 m (der als nicht sicher bewertet wird und im Bericht von 2001 zu 0,1 bis 0,8 m angegeben war). Wahrend die am Bericht beteiligten etwa 800 Autoren aus 130 Staaten den anthropogenen Klimaschadlingen ein „radiative forcing“ von (1,6 ± 1,0) W·m zutrauen, halten sie den Einfluss der Sonne auf die rezenten Klimaveranderungen fur unbedeutend: ca. (0,1 . 0,3) W·m. Ahnlich auserte sich das Max-Planck-Institut fur Astrophysik (SPRUIT et al. 2006). Andererseits gibt es seit Jahren eine beachtliche Fraktion „Sonnenglaubiger“, die eine Verknupfung von Sonnenaktivitat, Magnetfeld der Sonne, kosmischer Strahlung, Wolkenbedeckungsgrad der Erde und Temperatur der bodennahen Luft erkannt haben, z.B. LANDSCHEIDT (1998), KRAHMER (2003), CALDER (1997), DE BOER (2001), DIETZE (1999, 2005), SVENSMARK (1997, 1998, 2000), HEBERT (2004), SHAVIV (2005). Der temporare Anstieg der Heizleistung der Sonne wird zu etwa 1,7 W·m angegeben (SVENSMARK 1997, DIETZE 1999) und liegt somit in gleicher Grose, wie der vom IPCC fur den Einfluss des CO2 abgeschatzte Wert. Was die Haltung der Politiker angeht, sollen nur zwei extreme Beispiele genannt werden: Die deutsche Bundesregierung halt am Ausstieg aus der Kernenergienutzung fest (SCHULZ 2006), obwohl ja Kernkraftwerke gerade kein CO2 emittieren, und der Prasident der Tschechischen Republik lehnt die Verlautbarungen des IPCC, das er fur eine politische Institution halt, ab (KLAUS 2007).
Power system model predictive load frequency control

In power system automatic generation control, the existence of the generation rate constraints (GRC) and the valve limit on the governor can greatly influence the dynamic responses of the power system. Model predictive control is a popular control strategy which takes systematic account of process input, state and output constraints, thereby is employed to load frequency control to cope with the GRC. The valve limit on the governor is modeled by a fuzzy model so that the local predictive controllers are incorporated into the nonlinear control system. The proposed methodology is tested with an interconnected power system. Simulation results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed nonlinear constraint predictive control algorithm.
Automated Large-Signal Load-Pull Characterization of Adjacent-Channel Power Ratio for Digital Wireless Communication Systems

Large-signal adjacent-channel power ratio load-pull contours of a GaAs MESFET and a GaAs HEMT excited by ¿4-DQPSK modulation are demonstrated for the first time using an automated load-pull system. It is shown that in general there is only a weak relationship between two-tone third-order intermodulation and adjacent-channel power ratio for the (Japanese) Personal Digital Cellular standard. The relationship is both load impedance and device technology dependent insofar as two-tone linearity characterization cannot generally be used to optimize adjacent-channel power. The load-pull system presented here is modulation and device technology independent.
Uses and abuses of the Hare Psychopathy Checklist

Notions of psychopathic personality and personality disorder have a lengthy history within criminal justice and mental health settings. Issues of how to assess and intervene with this group of individuals also continue to present significant challenges for both services. Those categorised as psychopathic or personality disordered may behave in ways that are seriously damaging both to themselves and to others. There has also been frequent criticism and, at times, castigation of services for failing to engage with these groups and protect the public effectively.1 Such pressures have provided impetus to the search for reliable and valid assessments of psychopathy with prognostic value. The Psychopathy Checklists (PCL) is a family of structured assessments developed in the USA by Robert Hare2 ,3 (see box 1). They are based loosely on the criteria for psychopathy set out by Cleckley,4 although it should be noted that significant differences exist. The most commonly used version in practice is the full length Psychopathy Checklist in its revised form (PCL-R). This is a structured checklist that yields an overall score, which is generally divided into two factors. Factor 1 (F1) relates to the selfish, callous and remorseless use of others, factor 2 (F2) relates to a chronically unstable and antisocial lifestyle. Each of the factors can be further divided into facets, with F1 comprising interpersonal and affective facets and F2 comprising lifestyle and antisocial facets.5 ,6 #### Box 1 The Psychopathy Checklist The PCL-R is a 20 item clinical rating scale completed by an appropriately trained practitioner. Items are rated on a 3 point scale: 0 if the item does not apply at all, 1 if the item applies somewhat, 2 if the item fully applies. These ratings are generally used to produce ratings on two factors. Factor1: “Aggressive narcissism”
Successful Bridge‐to‐Transplant of Functionally Univentricular Patients With a Modified Continuous‐Flow Ventricular Assist Device

A continuous flow extracorporeal ventricular assist device (VAD) was modified to support functionally univentricular infants and children awaiting heart transplantation. A centrifugal VAD, designed to flow from 1.5 to 8 L/min, was used as a bridge-to-transplant in four patients with functionally univentricular circulation. A variable restrictive recirculation shunt permitted lower flow ranges in small patients. In hypoxic patients, an oxygenator was incorporated into the circuit. From 2012 to 2015, the modified VAD was placed in four patients with Glenn physiology. Age ranged from 0.97 to 6.98 years (median = 2.2 yrs). Body surface area ranged from 0.41 to 0.84 m2 (median = 0.54 m2 ). One patient was on extracorporeal membrane oxygenation prior to VAD. A recirculation shunt was used in three patients. Three patients required temporary use of an oxygenator for 4, 10, and 27 days. Median time on the VAD was 32.3 days (range = 23-43 days). A decrease in the cavopulmonary pressure was noted in all patients, as was a fall in the B-type natriuretic peptide. Three patients survived transplant and were discharged at 28-82 days post-transplantation. One patient died after 35 days of support. Two patients experienced major bleeding events. Two patients experienced cerebrovascular accidents, one major and one minor. The centrifugal VAD successfully supported palliated functionally univentricular patients awaiting heart transplantation. The modified recirculation shunt facilitated the successful support of patients in whom optimal flows were substantially lower than that recommended by the manufacturer. The continuous-flow VAD effectively decompressed the cavopulmonary system. The design allowed placement of an in-line oxygenator in hypoxic patients. Further investigation is required to decrease the thromboembolic events, and associated morbidity, in patients supported with this device.
Morphological analysis of 3D SPECT images via nilpotent t-norms in diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease

We propose a fuzzy image processing approach serving as a potential diagnostic tool for Alzheimer's disease. We have set up a sequence of several image-processing methods based on morphological fuzzy edge detection followed by a region-growing segmentation. We applied these operations to two sets of three-dimensional SPECT images of human brains: one set of images was composed of patients with Alzheimer's disease and the second was represented by control brains from non-demented patients. Then we undertook an analysis of nilpotent t-norms forming the edge detectors and the parameter of Gaussian filter, and in the end we carried out an evaluation of segments that was computed after the final watershed segmentation. This article provides a detailed description of these methods as well as the analysis of evaluated data using Student's two-sample t-test. Traditional gradient magnitude edge detectors are included and compared with fuzzy detectors. Our goal was to demonstrate the usefulness of the Łukasiewicz BL-algebra in feature extraction of 3D biomedical images by using enhanced methods of image morphology.
Optomechatronic system for position detection of a mobile mini-robot

This paper presents an optomechatronic system which can detect, by triangulation, the position of a light point source, fastened onto a robot part. The sensing system consists of two positioning modules for optical transducers, which automatically follow the direction of the light point source. The system control is accomplished by means of data acquisition boards and LabVIEW programming.
FAPOP: Feature analysis enhanced pseudo outer-product fuzzy rule identification system

Most existing neural fuzzy systems either overlook the importance of feature analysis; or it is performed as a separate phase prior to the design stage of the systems. This paper proposes a novel neural fuzzy system, named Feature Analysis Enhanced Pseudo Outer-Product Fuzzy Rule Identification System (FAPOP), which integrates its design with feature analysis. The objective is two-folds; namely, (1) to improve the interpretability of the system by identifying features relevant to its computational structure; and (2) to improve the accuracy of the system by identifying features relevant to the application problem. The proposed FAPOP model is subsequently employed in a series of benchmark simulations to demonstrate its efficiency as a neural fuzzy modeling system, and excellent performances have been achieved.
Prospective validation of two models predicting pregnancy leading to live birth among untreated subfertile couples.

BACKGROUND Models predicting clinical outcome need external validation before they can be applied safely in daily practice. This study aimed to validate two models for the prediction of the chance of treatment-independent pregnancy leading to live birth among subfertile couples. METHODS The first model uses the woman's age, duration and type of subfertility, percentage of progressive sperm motility and referral status. The second model in addition uses the result of the post-coital test (PCT). For validation, these characteristics were collected prospectively in two University hospitals for 302 couples consulting for subfertility. The models' ability to distinguish between women who became pregnant and women who did not (discrimination) and the agreement between predicted and observed probabilities of treatment-independent pregnancy (calibration) were assessed. RESULTS The discrimination of both models was slightly lower in the validation sample than in the original sample which provided the model. Calibration was good: the observed and predicted probabilities of treatment-independent pregnancy leading to live birth did not differ for both models. CONCLUSIONS The chance of pregnancy leading to live birth was reliably estimated in the validation sample by both models. The use of PCT improved the discrimination of the models. These models can be useful in counselling subfertile couples.
Manic symptoms and impulsivity during bipolar depressive episodes.

OBJECTIVES In contrast to the extensive literature on the frequent occurrence of depressive symptoms in manic patients, there is little information about manic symptoms in bipolar depressions. Impulsivity is a prominent component of the manic syndrome, so manic features during depressive syndromes may be associated with impulsivity and its consequences, including increased risk of substance abuse and suicidal behavior. Therefore, we investigated the prevalence of manic symptoms and their relationships to impulsivity and clinical characteristics in patients with bipolar depressive episodes. METHODS In 56 bipolar I or II depressed subjects, we investigated the presence of manic symptoms, using Mania Rating Scale (MRS) scores from the Schedule for Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia (SADS), and examined its association with other psychiatric symptoms (depression, anxiety, and psychosis), age of onset, history of alcohol and/or other substance abuse and of suicidal behavior, and measures of impulsivity. RESULTS MRS ranged from 0 to 29 (25th-75th percentile, range 4-13), and correlated significantly with anxiety and psychosis, but not with depression, suggesting the superimposition of a separate psychopathological mechanism. Impulsivity and history of substance abuse, head trauma, or suicide attempt increased with increasing MRS. Receiver-operating curve analysis showed that MRS could divide patients into two groups based on history of alcohol abuse and suicide attempt, with an inflection point corresponding to an MRS score of 6. DISCUSSION Even modest manic symptoms during bipolar depressive episodes were associated with greater impulsivity, and with histories of alcohol abuse and suicide attempts. Manic symptoms during depressive episodes suggest the presence of a potentially dangerous combination of depression and impulsivity.
Improved detection and track processing through scan-to-scan processing and scan rate modulation

The objective of this research is to improve bi-static radar detection performance and fused track formation via joint scan-to-scan processing (SSP) and scan rate modulation. This concept employs two mechanically scanned radars (MSRs), with one operating as a master control radar (MCR) and the other a secondary slave radar (SSR). The MCR is designed to operate under conditions of variable scan rate, including scan rate modulation. These radars also have the potential to achieve a very high scan rate, and, therefore, are well suited for track-while-scan processing. The SSR is under the control of the MCR and responds mechanically to initial detection declarations and track formation handoff from the MCR. In this situation, detection and track performance is improved because both radars jointly process monostatic and bi-static returns. Even as these radars interrogate the same geospatial coordinates, the return signals may exhibit different cross section statistics because scattered signals are observed from different viewing angles. As such, all detection decisions are computed using simple logic rules (AND, OR etc.). The SSR rotates at a potentially much slower rate to provide long dwell time measurements, which enhances single dwell detection performance. However, the SSR may break track, due to the slow update rate. False alarms are reduced by scan-to-scan track processing, which exploits detection declaration history. The decision is made after a certain number of scans. If there is detection declaration in m out of n scans, a target is declared, if not, a threshold crossing is assumed to be a false alarm. With multiple declarations, distinguishing between two closely spaced targets is achieved by comparative analysis between track profiles and detections. A declaration is assumed to be correlated with its nearest neighbor. If a detection is far removed in distant from a track, this declaration is assumed to be from another target. Using two radars combines the advantages of a large number of scans, high probability of detection and low probability of false alarm. Therefore, all essential track-while-scan requirements are satisfied.
Cardiovascular fitness in early adulthood and future suicidal behaviour in men followed for up to 42 years

Background Cardiovascular fitness influences many aspects of brain function. However, the relationship between cardiovascular fitness and suicidal behaviour is unknown. Therefore, we aimed to determine whether cardiovascular fitness at age 18 years is associated with future risk of suicide attempt/death. Method We performed a population-based Swedish longitudinal cohort study of male conscripts with no previous or ongoing mental illness (n = 1 136 527). The conscription examination, which took place during 1968–2005, included the cycle ergonometric test and tests of cognitive performance. Future risk of suicide attempt/death over a 5- to 42-year follow-up period was calculated with Cox proportional hazards models controlling for several confounders including familial factors. Results At least one suicide attempt was recorded for 12 563 men. Death by suicide without a prior attempt was recorded in 4814 additional individuals. In fully adjusted models low cardiovascular fitness was associated with increased risk for future attempt/death by suicide [hazard ratio (HR) 1.79, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.64–1.94]. The HR changed only marginally after exclusion of persons who received in-patient care for depression (HR 1.76, 95% CI 1.61–1.94). Poor performance on both the cardiovascular fitness and cognitive tests was associated with a fivefold increased risk of suicide attempt or suicide death (HR 5.46, 95% CI 4.78–6.24). Conclusions Lower cardiovascular fitness at age 18 years was, after adjustment for a number of potential confounders, associated with an increased risk of attempt/death by suicide in adulthood. It remains to be clarified whether interventions designed to improve fitness in teens can influence the risk of suicidal behaviour later in life.
Inducibility of Sustained Ventricular Tachycardia in a Closed‐Chest Ovine Model of Myocardial Infarction

The two goals of this study were (1) to develop a closed‐chest animal model of monomorphic ventricular tachycardia; and (2) to investigate the effect of dual site pacing on inducibility of ventricular tachycardia. In the first part of the study, 10 of 14 sheep underwent successful induction of myocardial infarction by temporary balloon occlusion of the left anterior descending coronary artery. After a follow‐up period of 21–43 days, sustained monomorphic ventricular tachycardia could be induced during programmed electrical stimulation using a “clinical” stimulation protocol in 8 of the 10 sheep. The number of ventricular tachycardia episodes per animal varied between 5 and 70. Ventricular fibrillation was never induced during programmed electrical stimulation. Ventricular tachycardia episodes lasted from 30 seconds up to 15 minutes and were terminated by antitachycardia pacing or DC cardioversion. In the second part of the study, the effect of dual site stimulation on ventricular tachycardia inducibility was investigated. High current stimuli from an area within the infarcted zone were given with the S1 programmed stimulation protocol. This dual site stimulation showed no effect on ventricular tachycardia induction during programmed electrical stimulation. This animal model shows a high induction rate of sustained monomorphic ventricular tachycardia in the chronic phase of myocardial infarction. The high incidence of ventricular tachycardia inducibility provides a reliable tool to study new techniques for the prevention of ventricular tachyarrhythmias.
On Codes for Checking Logical Operations

Two types of codes for checking logical operations digit by digit on two vectors of binary digits are studied. The first type attaches a check symbol to each vector of binary digits and requires that the check symbol for the logical function of two vectors can be determined from the check symbols of the two input vectors. The second type of coding is ordinary block coding into vectors of binary digits, with the added requirement that the coded vectors be processed digit by digit. The constraints on the codes resulting from the assumptions for the coding system are studied by typical algebraic arguments. It is shown that for both types of coding and for all nontrivial logical functions of two variables, except "exclusive or" and its complement, there is no system of checking simpler than duplication. For "exclusive or" and its complement, group alphabets can be used, and for the block coding these are the only codes which can be used.
CARTOGRAFIA SOCIAL DOS POVOS E COMUNIDADES TRADICIONAIS NO PARANÁ: NOVAS PERSPECTIVAS TEMÁTICAS

As formas de representacoes cartograficas e uma importante ferramenta para analisar e compreender como se da a relacao entre espaco e sociedade. Contudo, determinadas metodologias classicas de mapeamentos nao contemplam de forma relevante os aspectos sociais do espaco, ou seja, sao representacoes produzidas enfatizando os elementos fisicos, politicos, economicos, climaticos do espaco. A proposta da Nova Cartografia Social dos Povos e Comunidades Tradicionais no Parana e a elaboracao de material cartografico com a enfase nos protagonistas dessa construcao, ou seja, os individuos pertencentes a esses povos e comunidades, especificando o seu modo de vida cultural, social, sua identidade etnica e coletiva e a delimitacao de seu territorio. Objetiva-se assim, entender e discutir como esta nova metodologia de mapeamento emerge no campo da cartografia, como esta se legitima, e que papel assumira junto aos povos incluidos nos processos de producao de mapas. O trabalho em questao visa demonstrar como estas novas formas de mapeamento e uso de tecnologias de informacao espacial vem contribuindo na luta social, politica e territorial dos povos e comunidades tradicionais, a partir da relacao vivenciada entre pesquisadores e comunidades.