Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Réduction de vibrations de structure complexe par shunts piézoélectriques : application aux turbomachines

L’objet de cette these est d’etudier differents dispositifs d’amortissement de vibrations en basses frequences des aubes de rotor de soufflante ("fan") d’un turboreacteur. Les solutions etudiees utilisent des pastilles piezoelectriques, liees a l’aube et connectees a un circuit electrique passif ou semi-passif. Dans la premiere partie, il s’agit de mettre en pratique le modele electromecanique developpe dans la these de Julien Ducarne, puis de l’etendre au cas tridimensionnel par l’utilisation de la methode des elements finis. Ce modele de comportement prend en compte le couplage entre une structure mecanique quelconque et des pastilles piezoelectriques planes ou courbes. Par la suite, un modele reduit a faible nombre de degres de liberte est construit, ce qui permet apres resolution de predire l’efficacite des dispositifs amortissants. Deux techniques, nommees "shunt" et "switch" sont appliquees au cas d’une aube fan. La premiere consiste a utiliser un circuit electrique resistif ou resonant. La seconde, encore a l’etat de recherche, comporte un circuit muni d’un interrupteur synchronise aux oscillations de la structure, ce qui produit un amortissement analogue a celui d’un frottement sec. La modelisation et l’optimisation electrique de ces circuits, issus de differents travaux anterieurs, ne font l’objet que d’un rappel dans ce memoire. Une procedure d’optimisation est developpee pour pouvoir trouver les geometries et les emplacements des pastilles qui maximisent le couplage electromecanique. Deux algorithmes differents (recuit simule et recherche avec liste taboue) sont utilises et mis en interaction avec les outils de calcul elements finis pour trouver des solutions optimisees. Afin de valider sur un cas industriel l’ensemble des travaux sur les dispositifs piezoelectriques, une campagne d’essai est menee sur une aube fan de CFM56-7b. Les niveaux d’attenuation mesures et ceux prevus par le modele sont ensuite compares. La seconde partie est consacree a l’evaluation de l’effet des nonlinearites geometriques sur la dynamique d’une structure tournante. Initialement prevue pour etre integree a la partie shunt piezoelectrique, ceci afin de pouvoir estimer l’efficacite de ce dernier lorsque la structure tourne et vibre en grande amplitude, l’etude n’a pas ete poursuivie et constitue une partie sans lien avec les techniques de reduction de vibrations. Neanmoins, les resultats obtenus en 1D, ainsi que la methode de prise en compte des nonlinearites dans le cas 3D viennent completer et enrichir les differentes etudes actuelles menees sur le sujet, raison pour laquelle ce chapitre a ete ajoute a ce memoire. La determination des caracteristiques dynamiques modales et leurs evolutions en fonction de certains parametres de fonctionnement de l’aube constituent l’objet de cette partie. Plusieurs modeles sont developpes et compares pour pouvoir juger de la presence et de l’importance des divers phenomenes non lineaires dans la reponse forcee d’une poutre en rotation.
Morphometry of human terminal and vellus hair follicles

Abstract: Previous studies suggest that drug delivery systems based on particles can be used to deposit active compounds in hair follicles and to target hair follicle‐associated cell populations. The development of application protocols is complicated by the fact that there is no information available on the size and the position of key target structures in the different hair follicle types and their intra‐ and interindividual variation. Therefore, we performed morphometric measurements on histological sections of human terminal (THF) and vellus hair follicles (VHF) from the scalp and the retroauricular region. With 3864 ± 605 μm and 580 ± 84 μm in THF compared to 646 ± 140 μm and 225 ± 34 μm in VHF, the total length and the length of the infundibulum differed significantly as determined by paired t‐test (P < 0.0001). The same level of significance was observed for the position and the length of the bulge region. The thickness of the epithelial lining was lowest in VHF (45 ± 14 μm at 100 μm from skin surface) compared to 65 ± 20 μm at 150 μm in THF, while the thickness of the interfollicular epidermis ranged between 64 ± 12 μm and 99 ± 18 μm in VHF‐bearing skin and 72 ± 16 μm and 136 ± 37 μm in THF‐bearing skin. In addition, the diameter of the hair follicle opening was determined at 50 μm intervals from the skin surface. Our data suggest that hair follicle types in defined body regions represent rather homogenous groups and that particle‐based drug delivery may be a feasible approach, also in larger numbers of individuals. We provide precise information on the size and the position of key target structures in VHF and THF.
Graph Minimal Uncolorability is D^P-Complete

In their excellent paper, C.H. Papadimitriou and M. Yannakakis [PY] asked whether the minimal-3-uncolorability problem is, among other Critical Problems, $D_{p}$-complete. This paper gives an affirmative answer to the above question. We show that minimal-$k$-uncolorability is $D_{p}$-complete, for all fixed $k \geq 3$. Furthermore, for $k$ = 3, the reduction can be modified by using ``sensitive'''' gadgets to resolve the planar case, bounded vertex degree case and their combination.
Solidification of leads: Theory, experiment, and field observations

Thin sea ice plays a central role in the surface heat and mass balance of the Arctic Ocean. In order to develop understanding of these balances we describe and analyze highly resolved temperature data taken through the air/sea/ice interface during the transition from an ice-free to an ice-covered Arctic Ocean surface. The data were taken to observe the thermodynamic evolution of a lead, a process that has previously only been accessible to measurement techniques confined to the lead edge. Our detailed analysis of the field data is guided by recent theoretical and experimental advances in understanding the phase dynamics of directionally solidified alloys. Because of the dearth of direct observations we also present time series of the relevant heat fluxes inferred from our data and demonstrate the controlling influence that the internal phase evolution has on these quantities. We have previously examined the stability of the brine trapped in a growing sea ice matrix both theoretically and experimentally and now find that haline convection, driven from within the growing layer, is consistent with this previous work and with the nature of direct turbulence measurements. The importance of this process is that although ice growth is continuous, the local brine flux commences abruptly, only after some time, in contrast to what had previously been supposed. Hence the ice growth process itself is a source of intermittency in oceanic boundary layer turbulence. Furthermore, we find that in this particular situation the sea ice growth is not simply a square root function of time, in contrast to the model typically used in numerical simulations. By far the most practical methods of studying lead convection are numerical simulations and laboratory models, and a strong conclusion of this study is the importance of the proper treatment of the boundary conditions describing the buoyancy flux.
THE NEXT GENERATION VIRGO CLUSTER SURVEY. X. PROPERTIES OF ULTRA-COMPACT DWARFS IN THE M87, M49, AND M60 REGIONS

We use imaging from the Next Generation Virgo cluster Survey (NGVS) to present a comparative study of ultra-compact dwarf (UCD) galaxies associated with three prominent Virgo sub-clusters: those centered on the massive red-sequence galaxies M87, M49, and M60. We show how UCDs can be selected with high completeness using a combination of half-light radius and location in color–color diagrams (u*iKs or u*gz). Although the central galaxies in each of these sub-clusters have nearly identical luminosities and stellar masses, we find large differences in the sizes of their UCD populations, with M87 containing ∼3.5 and 7.8 times more UCDs than M49 and M60, respectively. The relative abundance of UCDs in the three regions scales in proportion to sub-cluster mass, as traced by X-ray gas mass, total gravitating mass, number of globular clusters (GCs), and number of nearby galaxies. We find that the UCDs are predominantly blue in color, with ∼85% of the UCDs having colors similar to blue GCs and stellar nuclei of dwarf galaxies. We present evidence that UCDs surrounding M87 and M49 may follow a morphological sequence ordered by the prominence of their outer, low surface brightness envelope, ultimately merging with the sequence of nucleated low-mass galaxies, and that envelope prominence correlates with distance from either galaxy. Our analysis provides evidence that tidal stripping of nucleated galaxies is an important process in the formation of UCDs.
Determinants of severe anemia among laboring mothers in Mekelle city public hospitals, Tigray region, Ethiopia

Introduction Anemia is a global public health problem that has affected a significant number of pregnant mothers worldwide. The World Health Organization has estimated the prevalence of anemia in pregnant women at 18% and 56% in developed and developing countries, respectively. This study aimed to identify factors associated with severe anemia among laboring women in Mekelle city public hospitals, Tigray, Ethiopia. Methods This unmatched case–control study involved 264 (88 = cases and 176 = controls) pregnant women who were recruited when they came for delivery service in Mekelle city public hospitals. The data was collected from July to August, 2016. In this study, a systematic sampling technique was used inselecting controls, but the cases were enrolled until the required sample size was reached. Bivariate and multivariate analyses were conducted to find predictors of severe anemia. Statistically significant predictors of severe anemia were identified at P-value <0.05 and 95% confidence interval. Results A total of 264 pregnant women who came for delivery services were enrolled in this study. The major predicting variables for the occurrence of severe anemia among laboring women were residency (AOR = 3.28, 95% CI: 1.26–8.48), number of pregnancies (AOR = 2.46, 95% CI: 1.14–5.29), iron folate supplementation (AOR = 3.29, 95% CI: 1.27–8.49), dietary diversification score (AOR = 3.23, 95% CI: 1.19–8.71) and duration of menstrual cycle (AOR = 2.37, 95% CI: 1.10–5.10). The variable ‘blood loss during pregnancy’ (AOR = 6.63 95% CI: 2.96–14.86) was identified as a strong predictor of the outcome variable, severe anemia. Conclusion This study identified determinants of severe anemia among laboring women in Mekelle city public hospitals, Northern Ethiopia. To reduce anemia, strengthening health education provision related to the importance of birth spacing and consuming diversified and iron-enriched food should be considered. Moreover, screening of pregnant women for state of anemia during their visits to health facilities, as well as de-worming for intestinal parasites infection are needed.
The Cause of Carbon Isotope Minimum Events on Glacial Terminations

The occurrence of carbon isotope minima at the beginning of glacial terminations is a common feature of planktic foraminifera carbon isotopic records from the Indo-Pacific, sub-Antarctic, and South Atlantic. We use the δ13C record of a thermocline-dwelling foraminifera, Neogloboquadrina dutertrei, and surface temperature estimates from the eastern equatorial Pacific to demonstrate that the onset of δ13C minimum events and the initiation of Southern Ocean warming occurred simultaneously. Timing agreement between the marine record and the δ13C minimum in an Antarctic atmospheric record suggests that the deglacial events were a response to the breakdown of surface water stratification, renewed Circumpolar Deep Water upwelling, and advection of low δ13C waters to the convergence zone at the sub-Antarctic front. On the basis of age agreement between the absolute δ13C minimum in surface records and the shift from low to high δ13C in the deep South Atlantic, we suggest that the δ13C rise that marks the end of the carbon isotope minima was due to the resumption of North Atlantic Deep Water influence in the Southern Ocean.
The GTAP Non-CO2 Emissions Data Base

As part of the GTAP-USEPA project on land use and climate change mitigation, we are working on finalizing this data base and associated documentation for GTAP v.6. We'll send a note to GTAP-L when it is complete. ----- The non-CO2 emissions data base is one of the main products of the EPA sponsored GTAP project. (For more information about the project, please visit: https://www.gtap.agecon.purdue.edu/models/Energy/Land_Use/ ) We encourage you to utilize the data base. Your comments are welcome and appreciated. Please also note that this data base does not include F-gases due to the unavailability at the time of publishing. We will give notice via the GTAP-L mailing list when the F-gases data are available. We like to thank Ms. Elizabeth Scheehle of the US EPA for helping produce this data base.
Review of Recent Literature on Pressure on CFOs to Manipulate Financial Reports

Financial statement misreporting continues to be a significant problem for companies, shareholders, regulators, and internal and external auditors. According to the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (COSO) sponsored study, Fraudulent Financial Reporting: 1998–2007 (Beasley, Carcello, Hermanson, and Neal, 2010), Chief Executive Officers (CEOs) and/or Chief Financial Officers (CFOs) are involved in the vast majority of the cases of financial reporting fraud in public companies. The involvement of CFOs is of particular concern given the CFO’s central role in financial reporting and his/her formal access to the financial records, which contributes to the CFO’s capability to commit fraud (Wolfe and Hermanson, 2004).
Technology Transfer Institutions in China: A Comparison of Value Chain and Organizational Structure Perspectives

This chapter summarizes the development of Chinese technology transfer mechanisms and compares them to foreign examples. It is based on a survey of seven Western China technology transfer institutions using strategic management theories: value chain analysis and type of organization structure. We also examine the impact on operational performance that is generated by engaging policy makers and managers in the work of technology transfer to provide new ideas and methods, and analyze the basis for assessing the operational performance of these institutions.
Use of currency hedging instruments by non-financial Turkish firms

iii ÖZET. v ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS . vii TABLE OF CONTENTS . viii LIST OF TABLES . x LIST OF FIGURES . xi CHAPTER I: INTRODUCTION . 1 CHAPTER II: LITERATURE REVIEW . 9 2.1 Theoretical Literature . 9 2.2 Empirical Literature . 14 CHAPTER III: DATA & METHODOLOGY . 20 3.1 Data . 21 3.2 Variable Definitions . 24 3.3 Methodology . 31 CHAPTER IV: FX POSITIONS AND OFF-BALANCE SHEET ACTIVITIES OF SAMPLE FIRMS . 34 CHAPTER V: EMPIRICAL RESULTS . 42 5.1 Univariate Results . 42 5.2 Multivariate Results . 44
Polarimetric Interferometry Applied to High Resolution Imagery and Urban Areas

This paper presents a polarimetric interferometric SAR data analysis using X-band urban images. The potentials of POLINSAR methods for urban areas have been first investigated analyzing different targets in an anechoic chamber, to retrieve the theoretical interferometric phases of bright scatters. After this first step, the method are investigated on real images. The two PolInSAR data sets used in this work are high resolution X- band PolInSAR data. They have been acquired in a single-pass InSAR mode by ONERA's airborne SAR system RAMSES, first over the test site of Bretigny (France, 1999), then over the INRA's test site of Avignon (France, 2002). Several scatterers (buildings, street lights) are analyzed for different polarizations in terms of interferometric phase and coherence behavior. The high ambiguity heights of both data sets do not make us possible to obtain height precisions better than the meter, but results enable all the same to be optimistic on the potential of such data in more optimal configurations for height separations and interpretations in a urban scenario.
EGF‐induced ERK‐activation downstream of FAK requires rac1‐NADPH oxidase

Reactive oxygen species (ROS) function as signaling molecules mainly by reversible oxidation of redox‐sensitive target proteins. ROS can be produced in response to integrin ligation and growth factor stimulation through Rac1 and its effector protein NADPH oxidase. One of the central roles of Rac1‐NADPH oxidase is actin cytoskeletal rearrangement, which is essential for cell spreading and migration. Another important regulator of cell spread is focal adhesion kinase (FAK), a coordinator of integrin and growth factor signaling. Here, we propose a novel role for NADPH oxidase as a modulator of the FAK autophosphorylation site. We found that Rac1‐NADPH oxidase enhanced the phosphorylation of FAK at Y397. This site regulates FAK's ability to act as a scaffold for EGF‐mediated signaling, including activation of ERK. Accordingly, we found that EGF‐induced activation of FAK at Y925, the following activation of ERK, and phosphorylation of FAK at the ERK‐regulated S910‐site depended upon NADPH oxidase. Furthermore, the inhibition of NADPH oxidase caused excessive focal adhesions, which is in accordance with ERK and FAK being modulators of focal adhesion dissociation. Our data suggest that Rac1 through NADPH oxidase is part of the signaling pathway constituted by FAK, Rac1, and ERK that regulates focal adhesion disassembly during cell spreading. J. Cell. Physiol. 226: 2267–2278, 2011. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Highly selective hydrocyanation of butadiene toward 3-pentenenitrile.

A triptycene-based diphosphine ligand was synthesized in good yield following a new route. The corresponding Pt(II)- and Ni(0)-complexes were characterized. In butadiene hydrocyanation the tript-PPh2Ni(cod) catalyst leads to exceptionally high selectivities for the linear product 3-pentenenitrile, combining high activity for both hydrocyanation and isomerization. This one-step procedure could be the key toward process intensification.
Cutting-edge technologies in colon-targeted drug delivery systems

Oral colon-targeted drug delivery systems have gained enormous attention among researchers in the last two decades. The significance of this site-specific drug delivery system can be measured by its usefulness for delivering a variety of therapeutic agents, both for the treatment of local diseases or for systemic therapies. With the arrival of newer innovations, a large number of breakthrough technologies have emerged for targeting a drug molecule to the colon. Researchers have attempted various approaches in the development of these formulation technologies, such as pH-dependent, time-dependent and microflora-activated systems. Recently, a number of approaches have been proposed that utilize a novel concept of di-dependent drug delivery systems, that is, the systems in which the drug release is controlled by two factors: pH and time, and pH and microflora of the colon. This Editorial article is not intended to offer a comprehensive review on drug delivery, but shall familiarize the readers with the formulation technologies that have been developed for attaining colon-specific drug delivery.
A Prospective Study t o Assess Changes in Pulmonary Function Tests i n Patients o f Spinal Deformity Treated b y Halo-Pelvic Traction

Respiratory function of patients with spinal deformities is likely to be abnormal and treatment is a surgical challenge in the presence of deranged pulmonary function. Halo-pelvic traction is a valuable alternative in these cases for correction of deformity. We studied the effect of halo-pelvic traction on pulmonary function in patients with spinal deformities to seek any improvement in PFT with correction of deformity. Thirty patients with severe scoliosis or kyphoscoliosis undergoing surgical treatment with halo-pelvic traction, anterior release or posterior fusion were prospectively evaluated with pulmonary function tests assessing volume (forced vital capacity) and FEV1 (forced expiratory volume in 1 second). The PFT were noted pre-operatively as well as post-operatively after removal of halopelvic traction along-with demographic and other curve characteristics. The mean pre –operative FVC was 1.56 ± 0.58 L and % of predicted valve was 66.2±26% (12 – 112%) while Pre-op FEV1 was 60.38±21.3% with range 10-90%. The post operative FVC was1.67± 0.67 L while % of the predicted value was 70.59±26.6% (15-123%). The post operative FEV1 % of predicted value was improved to 64.35±21.9% with range12-105%. The difference between per-op FVC% and post –op FVC was 4.4±5.58% (range -11 to 20%) and FEV1 % was 3.97±4.9 % (range -9.5 to 16.8%). There was no major pulmonary complication peri-operatively in any of the patient. PFT in a patient with spinal deformity varies according to cobbs angle and level of apex vertebra. Preoperative PFT were important predictors of post-operative PFT. Postoperatively there is improvement of pulmonary functions and it also depends upon degree of correction and the approach of surgery.
Visão do Balanced Scorecard nas micro, pequenas e médias empresas

Nas organizações, os indicadores de desempenho são utilizados para medir os resultados e auxiliar a tomada de decisão. Observa-se que as micro, pequenas e médias empresas (MPME) têm mais dificuldades em utilizar as ferramentas de medição. Diante dessa realidade, o presente estudo tem como objetivo identificar, a partir de uma pesquisa bibliográfica, as principais barreiras encontradas no uso do Balanced Scorecard (BSC) nas MPME. Para tanto, foi realizado um levantamento a partir da bibliografia clássica, evoluindo para publicações contemporâneas, finalizando com a apresentação de um quadro comparativo da utilização do BSC, vantagens e desvantagens de acordo com cada obra estudada. O estudo aborda as dificuldades mais frequentes para a utilização dos indicadores de desempenho, em particular o BSC, que abrange perspectivas relacionadas ao tomador de decisão e fatores relacionados às limitações de recursos. Como destaque para os resultados alcançados cita-se a diversidade dos aspectos abordados, o que possibilitou o entendimento mais completo do BSC como uma ferramenta de contribuição para o tomador de decisão dar os primeiros passos na medição de desempenho.
Pyramides de noyaux

L'apprentissage statistique vise a predire, mais aussi analyser ou interpreter un phenomene. Nous proposons de guider le processus d'apprentissage en integrant une connaissance relative a la facon dont sont organisees les similarites entre exemples. La connaissance est representee par une "pyramide de noyaux", une structure arborescente qui permet d'organiser des groupes et sous-groupes distincts de similarites. Si nous pouvons faire l'hypothese que peu de (groupes de) similarites sont pertinentes pour discriminer les observations, notre approche fait emerger les groupes et sous-groupes de similarites pertinentes. Nous proposons ici la premiere solution complete a ce probleme, permettant l'apprentissage d'un separateur a vaste marge (SVM) sur des pyramides de noyaux de hauteur arbitraire. Les ponderations des (groupes de) similarites sont apprises conjointement avec les parametres du SVM, par optimisation d'un critere que nous montrons etre une formulation variationnelle d'un probleme regularise par une norme mixte. Nous illustrons notre approche sur un probleme de reconnaissance d'expressions faciales, ou les caracteristiques des images sont decrites par une pyramide representant l'organisation spatiale et l'echelle des filtres d'ondelettes appliques sur des patchs d'images.