Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Epidemiologisches Bulletin 31 / 2004

Impfziel Ziel der Empfehlung ist es, die Krankheitslast durch Pertussis primär bei Erwachsenen und indirekt bei ungeschützten Kontakten von Erwachsenen, insbesondere bei Säuglingen, zu reduzieren. Diese Empfehlung ergänzt die bestehenden Indikationsempfehlungen für eine Pertussis-Impfung bei Frauen mit Kinderwunsch sowie für enge Haushaltskontaktpersonen und Betreuer vor Geburt eines Kindes als auch für Beschäftigte in Gesundheitsund Gemeinschaftseinrichtungen (s. Tab. 2 der aktuellen Impfempfehlungen, Epidemiologisches Bulletin 30/2009).
Evaluation of Anti-Arthritis Activity of Asystasia Dalzelliana Leaves

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic inflammatory, systemic autoimmune disease affecting people predominantly between the ages of 20-50 years with unpredictable course. About 1% of the world’s population is afflicted by rheumatoid arthritis and it is two to three times more common in women than in men. The modern allopathic drugs available for treatment of rheumatoid arthritis offer only a temporary relief and are also associated with several side effects. Other alternative treatment for RA involves the use of herbal drugs because of their least/no side effects. The present research work was aimed at the scientific validation of the traditional use of Asystasia dalzelliana leaves in treatment of rheumatoid arthritis. Anti-arthritis activity of ethanolic extract of Asystasia dalzelliana leaves was evaluated by Freund’s adjuvant induced arthritis model in rats. Paw edema, changes in organ weight, serum parameters such as SGOT, SGPT and ALP were estimated. Hind paw of experimental rats were also subjected for radiographic and histopathological examination for assessing the anti-arthritis potential of ethanolic extract of Asystasia dalzelliana leaves. The results of the current investigation concluded that extract of dose of 800mg/kg possess a significant anti-arthritis activity than the lower doses of 200mg/kg and 400mg/kg. The observed anti-arthritis activity of extract may be due to the presence of phytoconstituents such as alkaloid and flavonoids.
Removal of NOx and NOy in biomass burning plumes in the boundary layer over northern Australia

[1] The Biomass Burning and Lightning Experiment Phase B (BIBLE-B) aircraft measurement campaign was conducted over the western Pacific and Australia in August and September 1999. In situ aircraft measurements of carbon monoxide (CO), nitric oxide (NO), total reactive nitrogen (NOy), ozone (O3), nonmethane hydrocarbons (NMHCs), and other species were made during BIBLE-B. Meteorological analysis shows that the trace gases emitted from biomass burning in northern Australia were mostly confined within the planetary boundary layer (below ∼3 km) by strong subsidence in the free troposphere. Removal processes of NOx (equal to measured NO + calculated NO2) and NOy in biomass burning plumes in the boundary layer are examined on the basis of correlation analysis. The photochemical lifetime of NOx in biomass burning plumes during the daytime is estimated to be 0.1 to 0.3 days using the correlations of NOx with short-lived NMHCs and hydroxyl radical (OH) concentration calculated from a constrained photochemical model. Correlation of NOy with CO shows that ∼60% of the NOy molecules originating from biomass burning were removed in the boundary layer within 2–3 days. This result is consistent with dry deposition of nitric acid (HNO3) in the plumes. It is likely that only a small fraction of NOy emitted from biomass burning was exported from the boundary layer to the free troposphere during the BIBLE-B period.
The Effect of Extrinsic Product Cues and Customer Services/Sales Personnel on Restaurant Image, KPK, Pakistan

Abstract This research study analyzes the effect of extrinsic product cues (store name, brand name, price) and customer service on restaurant image of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa (KPK), Pakistan. The self-administered questionnaire was distributed among the customers of six well known restaurants of two cities of KPK, Pakistan. The names of these two cities are Peshawar and Kohat. This research study uses regression and correlation techniques in order to analyze the relationship as well as effect between extrinsic product cues (store name, brand name, price) and customer service on restaurant image. The result of the study demonstrates that there is a significant positive impact of predictors on the response variable. The study recommends favorable extrinsic product cues and customer services enhance the image of the restaurant. Future research areas have also been indicated in this study. Key words: Brand name, Store name, Price, Customer service & Restaurant image
An optimized 2D-Robust Adaptive Beamforming algorithm based on Matrix Completion in sparse array

The sparse arrays can reduce the cost of beamforming, it greatly reduces the number of actual array elements. However, it also brings about the problem of information loss. A 2D-robust adaptive beamforming algorithm in sparse array based on Singular Value Thresholding algorithm is proposed. At first, a signal model of planar array is established based on Matrix Completion, which can be proved to meet Null Space Property. Then the Genetic Algorithm is used to optimize the sparse array, which is determined to reduce the Spectral Norm Error of Matrix Completion and make the array recovered closer to the full array. In the case of sparse array, the missing information is restored by using the theory of Singular Value Thresholding, and then the restored signal is used to design the digital beamformer weights. This algorithm significantly reduces the Spectral Norm Error and forms robust adaptive beam.
STANDARD BIG BANG NUCLEOSYNTHESIS UP TO CNO WITH AN IMPROVED EXTENDED NUCLEAR NETWORK

Primordial or big bang nucleosynthesis (BBN) is one of the three strong pieces of evidence for the big bang model together with the expansion of the universe and cosmic microwave background radiation. In this study, we improve the standard BBN calculations taking into account new nuclear physics analyses and enlarge the nuclear network up to sodium. This is, in particular, important to evaluate the primitive value of CNO mass fraction that could affect Population III stellar evolution. For the first time we list the complete network of more than 400 reactions with references to the origin of the rates, including ≈270 reaction rates calculated using the TALYS code. Together with the cosmological light elements, we calculate the primordial beryllium, boron, carbon, nitrogen, and oxygen nuclei. We performed a sensitivity study to identify the important reactions for CNO, 9Be, and boron nucleosynthesis. We re-evaluated those important reaction rates using experimental data and/or theoretical evaluations. The results are compared with precedent calculations: a primordial beryllium abundance increase by a factor of four compared to its previous evaluation, but we note a stability for B/H and for the CNO/H abundance ratio that remains close to its previous value of 0.7 × 10−15. On the other hand, the extension of the nuclear network has not changed the 7Li value, so its abundance is still 3–4 times greater than its observed spectroscopic value.
Opacity broadening and interpretation of suprathermal CO linewidths: Macroscopic Turbulence and Tangled Molecular Clouds

(Abridged) Many of the observed CO line profiles exhibit broad linewidths that greatly exceed the thermal broadening expected within molecular clouds. These suprathermal CO linewidths are assumed to be originated from the presence of unresolved supersonic motions inside clouds. Typically overlooked in the literature, in this paper we aim to quantify the impact of the opacity broadening effects on the current interpretation of the CO suprathermal line profiles. Without any additional contributions to the gas velocity field, a large fraction of the apparently supersonic (${\cal M}\sim$2-3) linewidths measured in both $^{12}$CO and $^{13}$CO (J=1-0) lines can be explained by the saturation of their corresponding sonic-like, optically-thin C$^{18}$O counterparts assuming standard isotopic fractionation. Combined with the presence of multiple components detected in our C$^{18}$O spectra, these opacity effects seem to be also responsible of the highly supersonic linewidths (${\cal M}>$8-10) detected in the broadest $^{12}$CO and $^{13}$CO spectra in Taurus. Our results demonstrate that most of the suprathermal $^{12}$CO and $^{13}$CO linewidths could be primarily created by a combination of opacity broadening effects and multiple gas velocity components blended in these saturated emission lines. Once corrected by their corresponding optical depth, each of these gas components present transonic intrinsic linewidths consistently traced by the three CO isotopologues within a factor of 2. Highly correlated and velocity-coherent at large scales, the largest and highly supersonic velocity differences inside clouds are generated by the relative motions between individual gas components. This highly discretized structure of the molecular gas traced in CO suggest that the gas dynamics inside molecular clouds could be better described by the properties of a fully-resolved macroscopic turbulence.
Electoral participation in African democracies: the impact of individual and contextual factors

This paper addresses the question of how electoral participation at the individual level is affected by various political and sociological factors in new democracies in Sub-Saharan Africa. Relying on Afrobarometer (Round 5) data, the study examines the determinants of voting for over 12,000 voting aged individuals in eight countries. Findings confirm the importance of individual characteristics such as age, associational networks, discussing politics, party identification, religiosity, trust and satisfaction with democracy in predicting turnout at the individual level. But more importantly, the addition of contextual factors significantly improves the individual-level model predicting vote choice in these democracies.
Public-to-Private Transactions: Lbos, Mbos, Mbis and Ibos

This paper shows that a vibrant and economically important public-to-private market has reemerged in the US, UK and Continental Europe, since the second half of the 1990s.The paper shows recent trends and investigates the motives for public-to-private and LBO transactions.The reasons for the potential sources of shareholder wealth effects during the transaction period are examined: a distinction is made between tax benefits, incentive realignment, transaction costs savings, stakeholder expropriation, takeover defenses and corporate undervaluation.The paper also attempts to relate these value drivers to the post-transaction value and to the duration of the private status.Finally, the paper draws some conclusions about whether or not public-to-private transactions are useful devices for corporate restructuring.
Two-step pose estimation method based on five reference points

A two-step method for pose estimation based on five co-planar reference points is studied. In the first step, the pose of the object is estimated by a simple analytical solving process. The pixel coordinates of reference points on the image plane are extracted through image processing. Then, using affine invariants of the reference points with certain distances between each other, the coordinates of reference points in the camera coordinate system are solved. In the second step, the results obtained in the first step are used as initial values of an iterative solving process for gathering the exact solution. In such a solution, an unconstrained nonlinear optimization objective function is established through the objective functions produced by the depth estimation and the co-planarity of the five reference points to ensure the accuracy and convergence rate of the non-linear algorithm. The Levenberg-Marquardt optimization method is utilized to refine the initial values. The coordinates of the reference points in the camera coordinate system are obtained and transformed into the pose of the object. Experimental results show that the RMS of the azimuth angle reaches 0.076o in the measurement range of 0o-90o; the root mean square (RMS) of the pitch angle reaches 0.035o in the measurement range of 0o-60o; and the RMS of the roll angle reaches 0.036o in the measurement range of 0o-60o.
Recommender systems as “tastemakers”: Collaborative filtering as a market strategy for online cultural products

In the cultural market, the operation of which depends on the creation of intersubjective values to generate the production of consumers, the market strategies to adjust supply and demand have been historically characterised by mechanisms of social recommendation; a phenomenon that has intensified and changed on the Internet. The aim of this paper is to discuss the social conditions for the production of belief in symbolic goods and their applications in online markets. Pierre Bourdieu’s theory on the field of cultural production provides the conceptual grounding for the proposal of a theoretical study that compares traditional instances of symbolic goods recommendation and today’s online recommender systems. This analysis diagnoses the transformation of social processes of influence on online cultural consumption through collaborative filtering and identifies relevant topics for future research in the domain of cultural goods e-commerce.
Bridging the gap between scientific knowledge and practice : how can we assist organic farmers in sustaining wild bees and pollination on their farms ?

Wild bees (bumblebees and solitary bees) are declining in Denmark as in the rest of Europe, resulting in reduced yield stability in insect pollinated crops and insufficient pollination of wild plants. Farmers are the most important actors influencing wild bee conditions in farmland, and organic farmers are especially attentive to pollination due to both production stability and biodiversity in general. Therefore the challenge is to provide farmers with tools to evaluate their farm for its quality for wild bees, thus offering an option to be proactive in improving on farm bee conditions. The tool proposed in this paper is a science based scoring system, based on an existing scientific model linking resources and wild bees on landscape level and modified to the Danish context. The tool guides farmers through an field estimation of nesting and flower resources on the farm during the season. Development of the tool is done in collaboration with organic red clover seed producers and apple growers, who test the tool and offer feedback on user friendliness to adjust the tool. Farmer use of the tool will increased trust and improve yield stability in insect pollinated crops.
Structure effects on the optical properties of thin (PbLa)TiO3 films

Amorphous thin films of Pb1-xLaxTiO3 (with x=0, 13 and 27 mol %) were prepared by the polymeric precursor method and deposited by spin coating on glass substrates. The films were charac- terized by X-ray diffraction (XDR) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and the band gap energy of the amorphous PLT films was calculated from the UV-VIS spectra. The obtained values were com- pared to that theoretically calculated. The observed decrease of the band gap was attributed to increased density of defects in the amorphous structure. Fu- thermore photoluminescence (PL) at room tempera- ture was observed for thin (PbLa)TiO3 films.
Perennial crops in European farming systems and land use change: a model assessment

The aim of this paper is to estimate the perennial crop potential regarding new uses like second generation biofuels. We focus on the introduction of a perennial yearly harvested crop, namely the miscanthus, in European agricultural short term supply model - AROPAj. Inserting this crop in the model requires the determination of two elements: a) the yield growth function which is calibrated and based on the few available data and adjusted to the yield of traditional crops, and b) the discounted cost, which is calculated through the "Faustmann" rule used in the case of a perennial yearly harvested crop. We estimate ? rst the potential yield of miscanthus at the subregional level (i.e. the "farm group? level), and we parametrize the potential rate for simulations. The analysis covers a large part of the European Union and provides a land use change assessment estimated when the miscanthus yield potential varies. The model appears to be able to capture some complex land use change involving croplands and grasslands when a perennial competitive crop is introduced, beyond the usual competition between food crops and energy crops. The major result is summarized by the common evolution of substitution of croplands and grasslands by the perennial crop when its potential increases.
Social and Ethical Impact of Artificial Intelligence on Public - A Case Study of University Students

Artificial intelligence (AI) - a subfield of computer science, is the intelligence that is being exhibited with the help of machines or software. The study of artificial intelligence is becoming a popular field, since it has proved to be valuable for human life in many areas and has given rise to another technology known as “expert system”. The application areas of Artificial Intelligence have a huge impact in our daily lives. They are widely used to solve the complex problems in various areas as science, business, health-sector, banking, weather forecasting etc and the areas using AI have seen a tremendous increase in quality and efficiency. The paper explores the current use of AI in various sectors and indicates whether the people using it are satisfied with its growing use and its development by the experts. The research showed that AI is commonly and successfully used in different service industries. Role of AI in different industries have been studied and surveyed: health-care, e-government, banking, transport, etc. The paper focuses on the ethical decision of whether to support or oppose the development of AI/ Robotic Community. The major goal of this project is to analyse the extent to which public and expert opinion mirrors the reality of the Artificial Intelligence field. It is believed that in the future, intelligent machines will replace or enhance human capabilities in many areas. The paper presents the findings of a survey of the applications of AI techniques among university students; determine the current and growing use of AI techniques; characterize the benefits and constraints of using such techniques.
TIME-TEMPERATURE-STRESS EQUIVALENCE AND ITS APPLICATION TO NONLINEAR VISCOELASTIC MATERIALS *

Stress-dependence of the intrinsic time of viscoelastic materials was investigated in this paper. The influence of stress level on the intrinsic time is considered to be similar to that of temperature, pressure, solvent concentration, damage and physical aging. The time-temperature-stress equivalence principle is proposed. Using which, the creep curves at different temperatures and stress levels can be shifted into a master curve at reference temperature and stress level. Thus the long-term creep behavior of viscoelastic materials at lower temperature and stress can be predicted from the short-term one at higher temperature and stress. As an example, the nonlinear creep behavior of high-density polyethylene (HDPE) at room temperature was studied using the presented time-temperature-stress equivalence principle
Quantitative characterization for lymphocyte deformation in image sequences

A new method is proposed to quantitatively characterize lymphocyte deformation in image sequences. The whole framework includes three steps:cell segmentation, cell tracking, and cell deformation characterization. Firstly, morphological image processing is implemented as a kind of segmentation method to detect cell region. Then, method based on Fourier descriptors is presented to optimize cell contour, which makes cell contour smooth and closer to real contour. Secondly, gradient vector flow (GVF) Snake algorithm is carried out for tracking cell region in image sequences. Finally, the part of cell deformation characterization is accomplished by improved symmetry difference for cell region. Two classes of lymphocyte video database provided by the cooperation hospital, Beijing You'an hospital, are used to verify the proposed approach. Experimental results show that it can quantitatively characterize lymphocyte and produce reasonably good agreement with subjective judgment by experts. Index Terms - Cell deformation characterization, image sequences analysis, cell image analysis, Fourier descriptors, quantitative characterization.
Ancestor-descendant relationships and the reconstruction of the Tree of Life

The reconstruction of the Tree of Life has been a primary goal in biology since Darwin coined the expression, the “great Tree of Life” in On the Origin of Species: “The affinities of all the beings of the same class have sometimes been represented by a great tree. I believe this simile largely speaks the truth. The green and budding twigs may represent existing species; and those produced during each former year may represent the long succession of extinct species…. As buds give rise by growth to fresh buds, and these, if vigorous, branch out and overtop on all sides many a feebler branch, so by generation I believe it has been with the great Tree of Life, which fills with its dead and broken branches the crust of the earth, and covers the surface with its ever branching and beautiful ramifications” (Darwin 1859: pp. 129–130). Ernst Haeckel was the first biologist who attempted to reconstruct the Darwinian Tree of Life. However, he could not reach his goal because his method of tree reconstruction was deeply anchored in the pre-Darwinian scala naturae (Dayrat 2003). A segment of the Darwinian Tree of Life is illustrated in the unique figure published in On the Origin of Species. This figure, which Darwin referred to as a “branching diagram,” represents ancestor-descendant relationships (ADR).
HOUSE DEFEATS DILMA, AND MINAS FAILS AÉCIO: A FUNCTIONAL-COGNITIVE ANALYSIS OF BRAZILIAN NEWSPAPER HEADLINES

This paper intends to evaluate Brazilian newspaper headlines under the perspective of functional-cognitive Linguistics. How do headlines affect the cognitive process of reality and ideology acquisition? We analyzed headlines published at O Globo and Folha de S. Paulo newspapers, collected between October 6th and October 31st 2014 (from the 2nd round definition to the election results). We evaluate features such as: metaphors and metonymies; strategies of voice changing; choices of (non-)prototypical alignments between grammatical relations, semantic and pragmatic roles; and the relation between such alignments and the representations built by the speeches produced by the politics section of Brazilian newspapers. Preliminary results show how headlines work characters: President Dilma does not have control over the situation, and Aecio is a victim of the circumstances.