Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Qualitative and Quantitative Analysis for the Quality Control of Rhizoma Coptidis by HPLC-DAD and HPLC-ESI-MS

For quality control purpose, an approach of fingerprinting and simultaneous quantification of five major bioactive constituents of Rhizoma Coptidis was established via a high-performance liquid chromatograph coupled with a photodiode array UV detector(HPLC-DAD) and an electrospray ionization mass spectrometer(HPLC-ESI/MS). The compounds were identified on the basis of the comparison of their mass spectra with literature data and those of standard samples and quantified by the HPLC-DAD method. Baseline separation was achieved on an XTerra C 18 column(5 μm, 250 mm×4.6 mm i. d.) with linear gradient elution of formate buffer(consisting of 0.5% formic acid, adjusted to pH=4.5 with ammonia) and acetonitrile(consisting of 0.2% formic acid and 0.2% triethylamine). The me-thod was validated for linearity(r 2 0.9995), repeatability(RSD3.1%), intra-and inter-day precision(RSD1.8%) with recovery(99.9%―105.1%), limits of detection(0.15―0.35 μg/mL), and limits of quantification(0.53―0.82 μg/mL). The similarities of 32 batches of Rhizoma Coptidis and their classification according to their manufacturers were based on the retention time and peak areas of the characteristic compounds. The five compounds were selected for quality assessment of Rhizoma coptidis via partial least squares analysis(PLS).
Sculpting Culture: Early Maternal Responsiveness and Child Emotion Regulation – A UK-Italy Comparison

Mother-infant interactions, including culturally specific features, have been found to predict child socio-emotional development (e.g., social communication and emotion regulation (ER)). However, research is lacking on the specific processes involved. We used a cross-cultural, longitudinal design, and a microanalytic coding approach to address this issue. Fifty-two mother-infant dyads were recruited from the UK (N = 21) and Italy (N = 31), representing Northern European and Mediterranean cultures, respectively. While these cultures share core features of parent-child relationships, their values about emotional expressiveness differ. We observed face-to-face mother-infant interactions at 2 months (T1), and coded infant socio-emotional behavior and maternal responses. Children were seen again at 2 years (T2), when their ER in the face of frustration, using the Barrier Task, was assessed, and the occurrence of different “mature” strategies (communicative and autonomous) coded. Results revealed common features of interactions at T1 (infant socio-emotional expressions, and maternal positive responses), but also cultural variation in the frequency of different infant cues (more pre-speech in UK infants, more smiles in Italians), and of maternal responses to them. While greater overall maternal responsiveness at T1 predicted more mature ER in general at T2, cultural differences in early responsiveness to specific infant behaviors predicted later group differences in children’s use of particular ER strategies, with UK children using more communicative strategies, and Italians more autonomous. Findings indicate that positive maternal behaviors that are common across cultures (e.g., responsiveness) promote overall successful child emotion regulation, while culturally specific features of interactions are associated with how child socio-emotional outcomes are expressed.
Development of a Method to Determine the Fractional Deposition Efficiency of Full-Scale HVAC and HEPA Filter Cassettes for Nanoparticles ≥3.5 nm

Novel methods have been developed to measure the fractional deposition efficiency for nanoparticles of full-scale HVAC and HEPA filter cassettes down to a particle size of 3.5 nm. The methods use a flame spray nanoparticle generator to produce NaCl test aerosols with narrow size distributions and very high concentrations. While the efficiency curves of lower efficiency filters of classes F7 and E10 were still able to be determined by measuring the size distributions of the polydisperse test aerosols upstream and downstream of the filter, two new testing procedures were developed for high efficiency filters of class H13. One considers the narrow size distributions of the test aerosols as quasi-monodisperse and follows a similar approach like EN 1822 for flat sheet media. The second one evaluates mobility classified fractions of the quasi-monodisperse test aerosols. A dedicated multiple charge correction scheme was developed to account for the effect of multiply charged particles. While the latter procedure allows to extend the particle size range, the prior significantly reduces the measurement time. All tests delivered meaningful results, which were very comparable with the results from flat sheet media tests.
The effects of health on the extensive and intensive margins of labour supply

Using the first seven waves of the Understanding Society data, this study estimates the effects of health on the extensive and intensive margins of the labour supply of the UK workers. Earlier studies on the effects of health on labour supply tend to focus on a binary measure of labour force participation or early retirement. The results show that health affects both the margins of labour supply for both males and females. From the preferred model, the results indicate that the effects of health on both the margins of labour supply are larger for females than for males. Furthermore, the results show that while at the extensive margin there does not appear to be a difference in the effect of health between the old and the young for both genders, for males the effect of health on hours worked, conditional on being employed, is larger for the old than for the young, but for females the effect on hours worked is larger for the young than for the old. The results also show that inadequately exploiting the longitudinal features of panel data might have led to bias estimates.
“Our Customer Is America”: Housing Insecurity and Eviction in Las Vegas, Nevada’s Postcrisis Rental Markets

ABSTRACT In the wake of the foreclosure crisis, investors purchased large numbers of single-family residential properties and converted them to rentals. Activists and scholars have documented investor practices of withholding maintenance while raising rents to maximize profits. Increased demand for rental housing since the crisis has constrained the options of low- and moderate-income households, tilting power toward investor-landlords and raising the odds of abuse. A similar although less-discussed dynamic plays out in motels, which are often the last stop before homelessness. Leveraging 10 years of property ownership and eviction records, this article first examines differences among institutional investors and other landlords of single-family rentals in the scale of their holdings and the likelihood of their properties having an eviction record in Las Vegas, Nevada. Second, this article examines the scale of residential motel properties and their association with evictions. Through statistical analysis, we find institutional investors in single-family rentals are associated with higher rates of evictions, although these odds are highest for local actors expanding existing portfolios of rental properties. Large residential motel operators are similarly associated with extremely high eviction rates. We offer a number of recommendations for policy and research.
Investigation of free-living honey bee colonies in Ireland

Apis mellifera mellifera (Linnaeus), the Western European honey bee, is considered extinct in the wild over most of its range due largely to hybridisation and replacement by other subspecies, parasitism by Varroa destructor, habitat loss, and effects from agricultural pesticides. The purity of the subspecies within the managed cohort is also at risk over much of its range. Here, we investigated if honey bee colonies inhabited locations outside of the apiaries. In those we located, we explored how long the colony persisted and we investigated the genotypes of the bees using multiple markers. We show here that unmanaged free-living honey bee colonies are present and widespread in Ireland, inhabiting a mixture of nesting habitats with some colonies persisting naturally and unaided over multiple years. Molecular data including mitochondrial, microsatellite, and SNPs evidence indicate that the free-living population sampled is largely comprised of pure A. m. mellifera. Finally, we discuss the implications of conserving free-living A. m. mellifera in Ireland and its possible role in improving the fitness of the managed population both in Ireland and the rest of its European range.
Isomerization of C3H3NO isomers: ab initio study

The structures and isomerization process of C3H3NO species have been explored at the MP2/6–311++G(d,p) level of theory of the ab initio method. Eleven minima and four interconversion transition states have been identified. The zero-point vibrational energy corrections were made to predict reliable energies. We predict a five-membered ring-like structure to be the lowest energy isomer, which is 177.73 kcal mol−1 more stable than the least stable isomer X found on the potential energy surface. The transition states and minima isomers were verified by frequency calculation. Intrinsic reaction coordinate (IRC) calculations have been performed to confirm that each transition state is linked by the desired reactants and products. The isomer stabilities have been studied using the relative energies, chemical hardness and chemical potential. The MHP principle could not predict the order of stability for C3H3NO isomers as arrived at with the relative energies. The role of intramolecular hydrogen bonds on the equilibrium structure has been discussed. The energy barrier and reaction enthalpy have been calculated during isomerization.
SEPARATION OF ALDOSE ENANTIOMERS BY GAS-LIQUID CHROMATOGRAPHY

Pairs of enantiomers of nine aldoses were separated on gas-liquid chromatography equipped with an SE-30 capillary column as trimethylsilyl ethers after conversion of the aldoses to methyl 2-(polyhydroxyalkyl)-thiazolidine-(4R)-carboxylates using the reaction with L-cysteine methyl ester.
Recent developments of BIM adoption based on categorization, identification and factors: a systematic literature review

Abstract Building Information Modeling (BIM) has transformed the traditional practices of the Architecture, Engineering and Construction (AEC) industry. Several studies have researched the phenomenon of BIM diffusion and adoption. Particularly, the factors influencing adoption at organizational, individual levels, supply chains, and the entire market level. However, there is still a scarcity of detailed analysis of the BIM adoption process phases along with determinants, drivers, and factors influencing those phases. The first objective of the study is to explore and categorize the effect of the major factors on BIM adoption and provide the in-depth aspects of different BIM adoption process phases. The second objective is to make four clusters of 74 factors identified that affect the four stages of the BIM adoption process. This study applied Systemic Literature Review (SLR) to identify and classify factor clusters based on the Diffusion of Innovation Theory. The identified cluster of factors can be useful for decision-makers to conduct different analyses of the BIM adoption process, and to formulate adoption strategies by offering facts and observations within organizations. The observation of the review is that factors affecting the BIM adoption process vary in regions, this is due to the Governmental pressure, cultural difference, architectural practices, and demographics.
A Comparative Analysis of Different Trust Metrics in User-User Trust-Based Recommender System

Information overload is the biggest challenges nowadays for any website, especially the e-commerce website. However, this challenge arises for the fast growth of information on the web (WWW) with easy access to the internet. Collaborative filtering based recommender system is the most useful application to solve the information overload problem by filtering relevant information for the users according to their interests. But, the existing system faces some significant limitations like as data sparsity, low accuracy, cold-start and malicious attacks. To alleviate the mentioned issues, the relationship of trust incorporates in the system where it can be between the users or items, and such system is known as the trust-based recommender system (TBRS). From the user perspective, the motive of the TBRS is to utilize the reliability between the users to generate more accurate and trusted recommendations. However, the aim of the paper is to present a comparative analysis of different trust metrics in the context of the type of trust definition of TBRS. Also, the study accomplishes on twenty-four trust metrics in terms of the methodology, trust properties &amp; measurement, validation approaches, and the experimented dataset.
Tracking the Local Structure Change during the Photoabsorption Processes of Photocatalysts by the Ultrafast Pump-Probe XAFS Method

The birth of synchrotron radiation (SR) facilities and X-ray free electron lasers (XFELs) has led to the development of new characterization tools that use X-rays and opened frontiers in science and technology. Ultrafast X-ray absorption fine structure (XAFS) spectroscopy for photocatalysts is one such significant research technique. Although carrier behavior in photocatalysts has been discussed in terms of the band theory and their energy levels in reciprocal space (k-space) based on optical spectroscopic results, it has rarely been discussed where photocarriers are located in real-space (r-space) based on direct observation of the excited states. XAFS provides information on the local electronic and geometrical structures around an X-ray-absorbing atom and can address photocarrier dynamics in the r-space observed from the X-ray-absorbing atom. In this article, we discuss the time dependent structure change of tungsten trioxide (WO3) and bismuth vanadate (BiVO4) photocatalysts studied by the ultrafast pump-probe XAFS method in the femtosecond to nanosecond time scale with the Photon Factory Advanced Ring (PF-AR) and the SPring-8 Angstrom Compact free-electron LAser (SACLA). WO3 shows a femtosecond decay process of photoexcited electrons followed by a structural change to a metastable state with a hundred picosecond speed, which is relaxed to the ground-state structure with a nanosecond time constant. The Bi L3 edge of BiVO4 shows little contribution of the Bi 6s electron to the photoabsorption process; however, it is sensitive to the structural change induced by the photoexcited electron. Time-resolved XAFS measurements in a wide range time domain and with varied wavelengths of the excitation pump laser facilitate understanding of the overall details regarding the photocarrier dynamics that have a significant influence on the photocatalytic performance.
Economic Viability of Renewable Energy Communities under the Framework of the Renewable Energy Directive Transposed to Austrian Law

This study is concerned with the national transposition of the European Renewable Energy Directive into Austrian law. The objective is to estimate the economic viability for residential customers when participating in a renewable energy community (REC), focused on PV electricity sharing. The developed simulation model considers the omission of certain electricity levies as well as the obligatory proximity constraint being linked to grid levels, thus introducing a stepwise reduction of per-unit grid charges as an incentive to keep the inner-community electricity transfer as local as possible. Results show that cost savings in residential RECs cover a broad range from 9 EUR/yr to 172 EUR/yr. The lowest savings are gained by customers without in-house PV systems, while owners of a private PV system make the most profits due to the possibility of selling as well as buying electricity within the borders of the REC. Generally, cost savings increase when the source is closer to the sink, as well as when more renewable electricity is available for inner-community electricity transfer. The presence of a commercial customer impacts savings for households insignificantly, but increases local self-consumption approximately by 10%. Despite the margin for residential participants to break even being narrow, energy community operators will have to raise a certain participation fee. Such participation fee would need to be as low as 2.5 EUR/month for customers without in-house PV systems in a purely residential REC, while other customers could still achieve a break-even when paying 5 EUR/month to 6.7 EUR/month in addition. Those results should alert policy makers to find additional support mechanisms to enhance customers’ motivations to participate if RECs are meant as a concept that should be adopted on a large scale.
Combined infrared reflectance and Raman spectroscopy analysis of Si-doping limit of GaN

Heavily Si-doped GaN layers grown by pulsed sputtering deposition (PSD) on Fe-doped GaN/Al2O3 templates are investigated using infrared reflectance and microscopic Raman measurements. The electron densities (ne) of the Si-doped layer are found to be in the range of 3 × 1018–4 × 1020 cm−3. Signs of transition to over doping is detected for the highest-doping sample by exploiting the advantages of infrared reflectance and microscopic Raman scattering measurements, where we observe a gradual decrease in ne and the highest broadening of the Raman peak of the E2(high) phonon mode toward the surface, and also growing of an additional Raman peak toward the surface, which is attributed to the generation of cubic phase crystal. On the other hand, other samples show spatially uniform ne up to 2 × 1020 cm−3 and small strain in the whole region in the Si-doped layers. This result demonstrates the growth feasibility of highly conductive Si-doped GaN layer by the PSD method.
Effects on Test Performance and Efficiency of Technology-Enhanced Items: An Analysis of Drag-and-Drop Response Interactions

One of the most common technology-enhanced items used in large-scale K-12 testing programs is the drag-and-drop response interaction. The main research questions in this study are: (a) Does adding a drag-and-drop interface to an online test affect the accuracy of student performance? (b) Does adding a drag-and-drop interface to an online test affect the speed of student performance? In three different experiments involving fourth, sixth, and eighth graders, respectively; students answered reading comprehension questions presented in conventional (i.e., paper-based design) or drag-and-drop formats. The tests consisted of four-sentence ordering items in Experiment 1, four graphic organizer items in Experiment 2, and two cloze tests and two graphic organizer items in Experiment 3. The conventional and drag & drop groups were compared on test performance (i.e., accuracy) and efficiency (i.e., response time and number of mouse clicks). Across the three experiments, the conventional and drag & drop groups did not differ in mean performance, but the drag & drop group responded more efficiently than the conventional group (faster response time, d = 0.62, and fewer mouse clicks, d = 1.13).
Redescription of Dactylogyrus petruschewskyi Gussev, 1955 (Monogenea: Dactylogyridae), a Newly Recorded Alien Monogenean from an Alien Cyprinid, Megalobrama amblycephala Yih, 1955 (Cypriniformes: Cyprinidae), in Ibaraki Prefecture, Central Japan

Dactylogyrus petruschewskyi Gussev, 1955 (Monogenea: Dactylogyridae) was found infecting the gills of Megalobrama amblycephala Yih, 1955 (Cypriniformes: Cyprinidae: Cultrinae) that was sampled from the Ono River flowing into Lake Kasumigaura in Ibaraki Prefecture, central Japan. This is the first record of this monogenean from Japan, and this parasite was most likely introduced and established along with M. amblycephala from China into Japan. The 28S rDNA sequence of D. petruschewskyi is available in the database but not based on a published study. We analyzed molecular data based on newly collected specimens, and the obtained sequence corresponded to the available sequence.
CRC handbook of polymer-liquid interaction parameter s and solubility parameters

PART I: INTRODUCTION. Definitions and Relationships. Citation of References. Solvents and Nonsolvents. Ordering of Entries in Part III. Glossary of Symbols. PART II: MAJOR ENTRIES. Acrylic. polyAcrylonitrile. Alkyd. polyAmide. Bisphenol A-Epichlorohydrin Epoxy. Bisphenol A polySulfone. polyButadiene. polyButadiene-Acrylonitrile. Butyl (polyIsobutylene-Isoprene). polyn-Butyl Acrylate. polyn-BUTYL Methacrylate. Cellulose Acetate. Cellulose Nitrate. polyChloroprene. polyChlorostyrene. polyChlorotrifluoroethylene. Coal. poly 2,6-Dimethyl-1,4-Phenylene Oxide. polyDimethylsiloxane. Epoxy. polyEthyl Acrylate. Ethyl Cellulose. polyEthylene. polyEthylene Oxide. polyEthylene-Propylene. Ethylene Terephthalate. polyEthylene-Vinyl Acetate. polyEthyl Methacrylate. Hydroxypropyl Cellulose. polyIsobutylene. polyIsoprene. polyMethyl Acrylate. polyMethyl Methacrylate. polyPropylene. Silicone. polyStyrene. polyStyrene-Acrylonitrile. polyStyrene-Butadiene. polyStyrene-Divinylbenzene. polyTetrafluoroethylene. polyVinyl Acetate. polyVinyl Acetate-Vinyl Alcohol. polyVinyl Acetate-Vinyl Chloride. polyVinyl Acetate-Vinyl Chloride-Vinyl Alcohol. polyVinyl Alcohol. polyVinyl Chloride. polyVinyl Chloride-Plasticizer. polyVinyl Methyl Ether. PART III: FULL ALPHABETICAL LISTING. BIBLIOGRAPHY.
Demands on nonstructural components in buildings with controlled rocking braced frames

Controlled Rocking Braced Frames (CRBFs) have been developed as a high‐performance seismic force resisting system that can self‐center after an earthquake and avoid structural damage. A CRBF is designed to uplift and rock on its foundation, and this response is controlled using prestressing and energy dissipation devices that are engaged by uplift. Although CRBFs have been shown to have desirable structural performance, a comprehensive assessment of this system must also consider the performance of nonstructural components, which have a significant impact on the safety and economic viability of the system. The purpose of this paper is to evaluate the demands on nonstructural components in buildings with CRBFs in comparison to demands in a reference codified system, taken here as a buckling restrained braced frame (BRBF), as well as to identify which design parameters influence these demands. The responses of various types of nonstructural components, including anchored components, stocky unanchored components that slide, and slender unanchored components that rock, are determined using a cascading analysis approach, where absolute floor accelerations generated from nonlinear response history analyses of each system are used as input for computing the responses of nonstructural components. The results show that the downside of maintaining elastic behavior of the CRBF members is, in general, larger demands on nonstructural components compared to the BRBF system. These demands are not highly influenced by impact during rocking or by the supplemental energy dissipation provided, as the vibration of the CRBF in its higher modes is primarily responsible for the higher demands.
A Stable Ruthenium Catalyst for Productive Olefin Metathesis

New ruthenium carbene complexes 5 and 6, containing a rigid bicyclic phosphine moiety, have been prepared, and the structure of 5 has been unambiguously established by single-crystal X-ray diffraction studies. These ruthenium-based complexes show excellent stability to air and moisture, can be recycled by chromatography, and are available from simple precursors. They are efficient catalysts for various metathesis reactions, particularly for applications where high selectivity is required.