Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Osteonecrosis in adult survivors of childhood cancer: a report from the childhood cancer survivor study.

PURPOSE Osteonecrosis (ON) is a potentially serious complication of therapy in survivors of childhood cancer. Our goals were to describe the incidence of ON and identify patient and treatment characteristics associated with elevated risk. PATIENTS AND METHODS The rate of self-reported ON was determined for 9,261 patients enrolled onto the Childhood Cancer Survivor Study, a cohort of 5-year survivors of childhood cancer diagnosed from 1970 to 1986, and compared with the rate in a random sample of 2,872 siblings of survivors. Survivors with positive responses were reinterviewed to confirm the diagnosis. RESULTS Fifty-two cancer survivors reported ON in 78 joints, yielding 20-year cumulative incidence of 0.43% and a rate ratio (RR) of 6.2 (95% CI, 2.3 to 17.2) compared with siblings, adjusted for age and sex; 44% developed ON in a previous radiation field. The RR was greatest among survivors of stem-cell transplantation for acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL), acute myelogenous leukemia (AML), and chronic myelogenous leukemia (RR = 26.9, 66.5, and 93.1, respectively). Nontransplantation patients with ALL (RR = 6.5; 95% CI, 2.2 to 19.4), AML (RR = 11.2; 95% CI, 2.1 to 61.2), and bone sarcoma (RR = 7.3; 95% CI, 2.0 to 26.2) were at higher risk for ON. Older age at diagnosis, shorter elapsed time, older treatment era, exposure to dexamethasone (+/- prednisone), and gonadal and nongonadal radiation were independently associated with ON. CONCLUSION ON among long-term survivors of childhood cancer is rare. However, compared with siblings, childhood cancer survivors have a significantly increased relative rate of ON, particularly those who were older at diagnosis and who received dexamethasone or radiation therapy. Future studies are needed to better delineate our findings, particularly the increased risk after gonadal radiation.
Atopic dermatitis 2.0: from the clinical phenotype to the molecular taxonomy and stratified medicine

Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a paradigmatic inflammatory chronic skin disease. As for other chronic skin diseases, (i) the spectrum of the clinical phenotype and severity as well as (ii) the genetic background and (iii) the underlying mechanisms strongly suggest a high degree of pathophysiological heterogeneity yet leading to a similar clinical pattern, that is, the eczematous skin lesion, but showing distinct progression patterns. This review suggests to exploit the recent knowledge about AD for a novel approach proposing a tentative first molecular taxonomy of this disease based on the genotype and endophenotype. The consequences in terms of personalized prevention and management are delineated.
Distinctive genetic features exhibited by the Y‐family DNA polymerases in Bacillus subtilis

Translesional DNA polymerases form a large family of structurally related proteins, known as the Y‐polymerases. Bacillus subtilis encodes two Y‐polymerases, referred herewith as Pol Y1 and Pol Y2. Pol Y1 was expressed constitutively and did not mediate UV mutagenesis. Pol Y1 overexpression increased spontaneous mutagenesis. This effect depended on Pol Y1 polymerase activity, Pol Y1 interaction with the β‐clamp, and did not require the presence of the RecA protein. In addition, Pol Y1 overexpression delayed cell growth at low temperature. The growth delay was mediated by Pol Y1 interaction with the β‐clamp but not by its polymerase activity, suggesting that an excess of Pol Y1 in the cell could sequester the β‐clamp. In contrast, Pol Y2 was expressed during the SOS response, and, in its absence, UV‐induced mutagenesis was abolished. Upon Pol Y2 overproduction, both UV‐induced and spontaneous mutagenesis were stimulated, and both depended on the Pol Y2 polymerase activity. However, UV mutagenesis did not appear to require the interaction of Pol Y2 with the β‐clamp whereas spontaneous mutagenesis did. In addition, Pol Y2‐mediated spontaneous mutagenesis required the presence of RecA. Together, these results show that the regulation and the genetic requirements of the two B. subtilis Y‐polymerases are different, indicating that they fulfil distinct biological roles. Remarkably, Pol Y1 appears to exhibit a mutator activity similar to that of Escherichia coli Pol IV, as well as an E. coli UmuD‐related function in growth delay. Pol Y2 exhibits an E. coli Pol V‐like mutator activity, but probably acts as a single polypeptide to bypass UV lesions. Thus, B. subtilis Pol Y1 and Pol Y2 exhibit distinctive features from the E. coli Y‐polymerases, indicating that different bacteria have adapted different solutions to deal with the lesions in their genetic materiel.
Port wine stain treated with a combination of pulsed dye laser and topical rapamycin ointment

A port wine stain (PWS) is a type of capillary vascular malformation composed of malformed, dilated blood vessels within the papillary and reticular dermis. Currently, pulsed dye laser (PDL) is considered the therapeutic gold standard, although greater than 90% of lesions may be refractory to treatment. Studies have shown that a delay in treatment results in a higher proportion of patients who develop hypertrophy and nodularity within lesions that become more resistant to therapy. Therapeutic resistance is multifactorial, but is believed to be largely due to revascularization after laser treatment. Oral sirolimus and topical imiquimod have shown promise as adjunctive therapies to minimize post‐laser revascularization, but both have significant side effects. We wish to demonstrate the utility of adjunct topical sirolimus to reduce revascularization after PDL treatment.
Impact of spouse caregiving on health behaviors and physical and mental health status

The impact of caring for a spouse with a progressive dementia on caregiver's health behaviors and health status was examined. Data collected from 44 spouse caregivers indicates that: • Providing full-time care interferes with preventive health behaviors (eating nutritiously, exercising) and contributes to high risk behaviors (overeating, alcohol and substance use); • Health behaviors are frequently used as coping strategies; • Caregivers rated their own health as poorer than their spouse's health; and • Disabling (arthritis, cardiac and back problems) and stress-related health problems (migraines, colitis) are a consequence of and interfere with care provision.
Astro: Auto-Generation of Synthetic Traces Using Scaling Pattern Recognition for MPI Workloads

Performance modeling of scale-out MPI workloads is critical in assessing trade-offs for high-performance system designs. Traces and workload skeletons are the two main vehicles used to date to accomplish this task. However, the ever-increasing scale and complexity of MPI workloads makes it difficult, sometimes infeasible, to collect the traces and/or skeletonize the workloads, dueto the constraints of computing resources or the unavailability of workload source code. This paper presents Astro, a framework that leverages machine learning techniques to automatically recognize the scaling patterns from training traces, and generate high-quality synthetic traces which mimic original trace behavior and extrapolate it to arbitrary scale. Experimental results show that compared with original traces, the synthetic traces yield less than 15 percent error against a range of metrics for up to 8 K MPI ranks. This framework enables large-scale performance modeling with limited computing resources, and allows modeling proprietary workloads in a portable and secure way.Author: There was a discrepancy in Bibliography in the PDF and the source file. We have followed the source file. >
Breast feeding, bottle feeding, and non-nutritive sucking; effects on occlusion in deciduous dentition

Aims: To assess the effect of the type of feeding and non-nutritive sucking activity on occlusion in deciduous dentition. Methods: Retrospective study of 1130 preschool children (3–5 years of age) who had detailed infant feeding and non-nutritive sucking activity history collected by a structured questionnaire. They all had an oral examination by a dentist, blinded to different variables evaluated. Results: Non-nutritive sucking activity has a substantial effect on altered occlusion, while the effect of bottle feeding is less marked. The type of feeding did not have an effect on open bite, which was associated (89% of children with open bite) with non-nutritive sucking. Posterior cross-bite was more frequent in bottle fed children and in those with non-nutritive sucking activity. The percentage of cross-bite was lower in breast fed children with non-nutritive sucking activity (5%) than in bottle fed children with non-nutritive sucking activity (13%). Conclusions: Data show that non-nutritive sucking activity rather than the type of feeding in the first months of life is the main risk factor for development of altered occlusion and open bite in deciduous dentition. Children with non-nutritive sucking activity and being bottle fed had more than double the risk of posterior cross-bite. Breast feeding seems to have a protective effect on development of posterior cross-bite in deciduous dentition.
Encoding of geometric and landmark information in the left and right hemispheres of the Avian Brain.

Chicks were trained binocularly to find food buried under sawdust in the center of a square enclosure. When tested in an enclosure made larger or smaller in size, binocular and left-eyed chicks searched mainly on the basis of relative distance of the food from the enclosure walls, whereas right-eyed chicks searched on the basis of absolute distance. Moreover, binocular and left-eyed chicks relied mainly on global spatial information (i.e., distances from the walls), whereas right-eyed chicks also used information provided by visual landmarks. These results suggest that the right hemisphere of the avian brain (fed mostly by the left eye) is primarily concerned with encoding of relational spatial information, whereas the left hemisphere (fed mainly by the right eye) is concerned with absolute metric information, possibly as part of an encoding strategy based primarily on local (both spatial and nonspatial) cues.
Iterative inversion of the Radon transform using image-adaptive wavelet constraints

Sahiner and Yagle (1992, 1993, 1995) developed a procedure for image reconstruction from projections under wavelet-domain image constraints (WC). We constrain the wavelet transform (WT) of the noisy image to zero in WT regions determined by thresholding the WT of the noisy image. The least-squares image satisfying these constraints shows improved reconstruction not just in the constrained region, but over the entire image. This amounts to image-constrained localized low pass filtering. We now present new results on iterative implementation of this technique. At each iteration we use the image from the previous iteration as the source of WC for the next iteration. This can be viewed as iterative spatially-varying image-constrained Wiener filtering. At the third iteration the RMS error is reduced by more than twice as much as in our previous results, while preserving high-resolution image features.
Bonding charge density from atomic perturbations

Charge transfer among individual atoms is the key concept in modern electronic theory of chemical bonding. In this work, we present a first‐principles approach to calculating the charge transfer. Based on the effects of perturbations of an individual atom or a group of atoms on the electron charge density, we determine unambiguously the amount of electron charge associated with a particular atom or a group of atoms. We computed the topological electron loss versus gain using ethylene, graphene, MgO, and SrTiO3 as examples. Our results verify the nature of chemical bonds in these materials at the atomic level. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Impairment of binocular vision in the adult cat induces plastic changes in the callosal cortical map

In the primary visual cortex of normally reared adult cat, neurons activated through the corpus callosum are almost entirely located at the 17/18 border. They display small receptive fields distributed along the central vertical meridian of the visual field and are orientation selective. Here we demonstrate that a few weeks of monocular deprivation or unilateral convergent strabismus produced in adulthood does not modify the cortical distribution of these neurons, but leads to an increase of their receptive field size mainly toward the ipsilateral hemifield and to a loss of their orientation selectivity. We conclude that manipulation of binocular vision in the adult modifies neither the location of the primary callosal cortical map nor its retinotopy. In contrast, it induces functional plastic changes in this map which lead to a significant widening of the area of visual space signalled through the corpus callosum. These plastic changes are interpreted as the result of the strengthening of normally hidden subthreshold synaptic inputs.
The Optimal Control of Heuristic Dynamic Programming in Molecular Distillation

Molecular distillation technology is a kind of industrial separation technology, which can greatly improve the purity and yield of the product. However, due to the process of molecular distillation is very complex, it is difficult to establish a precise mathematical model to realize an expected control. So, in this paper, considering that BP neural network can approximate any nonlinear system, a large amount of off-line experimental data is used to establish the model of molecular distillation system by BP neural network. To obtain optimal control in molecular distillation, Heuristic Dynamic Programming technique is applied. The simulation example is provided to demonstrate the validity of the derived optimal control scheme.
Follow‐Up of Alcohol Consumption After Liver Transplantation: Interest of an Addiction Team?

BACKGROUND Alcohol relapses after liver transplantation (LT) constitute a critical issue. Because there is no widely accepted definition of LT, its prevalence varies from 7 to 95% across studies. Only a severe relapse, the frequency of which is estimated to be 11 to 26%, decreases life expectancy after 5 years of LT and requires specific care. To improve the early identification of alcohol consumption among transplanted patients, liver transplant teams may be helped by input from an addiction team. Nevertheless, added benefit of involvement by addiction specialists in treating posttransplant patients has not been demonstrated. Thus, the aim of this study was to compare the evaluation of the alcohol consumption after LT performed routinely during the transplant consultation or obtained from a specific addiction consultation. METHODS This was a prospective single-site study. Patients were seen consecutively by their hepatologist and by an addiction specialist, and they completed the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test-Consumption (AUDIT-C). Thus, the patient's alcohol status was assessed using 3 different sources of information: the hepatologist's interview, the AUDIT-C score, and the addiction specialist visit. RESULTS One hundred forty-one patients were consecutively evaluated. Alcohol consumption was identified by the hepatologist in 31 patients (21.9%), in 52 (36.8%) using the AUDIT-C questionnaire, and in 58 (41.1%) by the addiction specialist. The 31 patients concerned reported an average of 6.5 alcohol units/wk to the transplant physician, a number which was significantly greater (p = 0.001) by 8.6 units/wk when they were interviewed by the addiction specialist. CONCLUSIONS This study highlights the clinical utility of a systematic addiction consultation among liver transplant patients, irrespective of the reason for transplantation.
Enseñanza de Computación en Carreras de Ingeniería: el error como fuente para la evaluación en ambientes autorrregulados

Esta construccion se fundamento sobre bases epistemologicas provenientes de las corrientes que abogan por la autorregulacion del alumno; y se justifica desde el problema del desgranamiento sostenido en la asignatura citada. El elemento primordial para la creacion de la herramienta, fue el listado de los errores que los alumnos comenten en las evaluaciones parciales y finales. Estos fueron registrados y clasificados conformando una base de datos refinada para componer la autoevaluacion.
CHAPTER 186 Substance Abuse

The use and abuse of psychoactive substances are not unique to our country or century. People used hallucinogenic plants to achieve altered states of consciousness in prehistoric times, and psychoactive substances have been used in all eras and cultures. As Osler remarked, “The desire to take medicine is, perhaps, the great feature which distinguishes man from other animals. ” The human cost of substance abuse is high, and deaths secondary to the use of psychoactive substances are common. In the United States, illicit drug use results in thousands of deaths each year (Box 186-1). A major barrier to appropriate recognition and treatment of substance abuse is the lack of a precise definition. The American Psychiatric Association defines it as a maladaptive pattern of drug use associated with some manifest harm to the user or others. Physicians have a difficult time recognizing such abuse when up to 44% of emergency department (ED) patients report underlying chronic pain syndromes. Chronic pain may not manifest the typical overt sympathetic changes or physical findings of acute pain. Therefore, emergency physicians constantly walk a tightrope between undertreating legitimate pain and inappropriately rewarding substance abusers with controlled medications.
Learning Semantic Prediction using Pretrained Deep Feedforward Networks

The ability to predict future environment states is crucial for anticipative behavior of autonomous agents. Deep learning based meth-ods have proven to solve key perception challenges but currently mainly operate in a non-predictive fashion. We bridge this gap by proposing an approach to transform trained feed-forward networks into predictive ones via a combination of a recurrent predictive module with a teacher-student training strategy. This transformation can be conducted without the need of labeled data in a fully self-supervised fashion. Using simulated data, we demonstrate the ability of the resulting model to temporally predict a task-speciﬁc representation and additionally show the beneﬁts of using our approach even when no corresponding feed-forward model is available.
A multi-task machine learning approach for comorbid patient prioritization

With the advent of Internet of Things, remote patient monitoring and diagnosis is becoming the more advanced and accessible feature in healthcare industry regardless of age and disorder. With the increase in patient population, remotely prioritizing and diagnosing patients becomes a major problem. Research has been conducted to address this issue. However, many models fail to support the condition of comorbidity. In this paper, we developed a multi-task machine learning model that supports remote patient prioritization based on disease severity. This model not only considers patients diagnosed with a single disease, but also acknowledges comorbidity of a patient to calculate their severity utilizing physiological data. Classifying a comorbid patient based on their disease(s) severity is a challenging task. We achieve this by exploiting the commonalities and differences between the diseases using multi-task machine learning. Based on the correlation between diseases, we classify the patient into appropriate severity level. In addition to this, our model also supports continuous patient monitoring based on their severity levels, which is made possible by implementing in Apache Spark. Apache Spark also serves as a real-time streaming processor suitable for remote patient monitoring and diagnosis.
Association between Beta1‐Adrenergic Receptor Polymorphism and Risk of ICD Shock in Heart Failure Patients

Sympathetic activation in heart failure patients favors the development of ventricular arrhythmias, thus leading to an increased risk of sudden cardiac death. β1‐ and β2‐adrenergic receptor polymorphisms have been linked to the risk of sudden death. Implantable cardioverter‐defibrillators (ICD) are implanted in a large percentage of heart failure patients, and beyond preventing sudden cardiac death they provide a continuous monitoring of major ventricular arrhythmias and of their own interventions. We investigated whether functionally relevant β1‐ and β2‐adrenergic receptor polymorphisms are associated with risk of ICD shocks, as evidenced in ICD memory.
The Varieties of Pure Experience: William James and Kitaro Nishida on Consciousness and Embodiment

The notion of "pure experience" is one of the most intriguing and simultaneously perplexing features of William James's writings. There seems to be little consensus in the secondary literature as to how to understand this notion, and precisely what function it serves within the overall structure of James's thought. Yet James himself regards this idea as the cornerstone of his radical empiricism. And the latter, James felt, was his unique contribution to the history of philosophy; he believed that philosophy "was on the eve of a considerable rearrangement" when his essay "A World of Pure Experience" was first published in 1904. While Western philosophy is still perhaps awaiting this "considerable rearrangement," James's notion of pure experience was quickly appropriated by another thinker who in fact did inaugurate a considerable rearrangement of his own intellectual tradition: the Japanese philosopher Kitaro Nishida (1870—1945), the founder and most important figure of the Kyoto School of modern Japanese philosophy. 1
Teaming Up with Robots: An IMOI (Inputs-Mediators-Outputs-Inputs) Framework of Human–Robot Teamwork

Citation: You S, Robert L (2017) Teaming up with Robots: An IMOI (Inputs-Mediators-Outputs-Inputs) Framework of HumanRobot Teamwork. Int J Robot Eng 2:003 Copyright: © 2017 You S, et al. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. *Corresponding author: Sangseok You, School of Information, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA, E-mail: sangyou@umich.edu Received: May 29, 2017: Accepted: August 01, 2017: Published: August 03, 2017 Teaming up with Robots: An IMOI (Inputs-Mediators-OutputsInputs) Framework of Human-Robot Teamwork
A machine learning approach for product matching and categorization

Consumers today have the option to purchase products from thousands of e-shops. However, the completeness of the product specifications and the taxonomies used for organizing the products differ across different e-shops. To improve the consumer experience, approaches for product integration on the Web are needed. In this paper, we present an approach that leverages deep learning techniques in combination with standard classification approaches for product matching and categorization. In our approach we use structured product data as supervision for training feature extraction models able to extract attribute-value pairs from textual product descriptions. To minimize the need for lots of data for supervision, we use neural language models to produce word embeddings from large quantities of publicly available product data marked up with Microdata, which boost the performance of the feature extraction model, thus leading to better product matching and categorization performances. Furthermore, we use a deep Convolutional Neural Network to produce image embeddings from product images, which further improve the results on both tasks.