Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
CSAE Conference 2020 on Economic Development in Africa African Economic Research Consortium Collaborative Research on Healthcare Financing in Sub-Saharan Africa – Country Case Studies

This paper analyzes the effects of medical emergency on agriculture exports and the corresponding tax revenues by smallholder farmers in Cote d’Ivoire. It uses two complementary datasets: the 2016 CGAP smallholder survey and the 2015 Cote d’Ivoire living standard survey. The paper finds that a medical emergency decreases the likelihood that a smallholder farmer cultivates cocoa by 3.9 percentage points, drives them into poverty, and decreases the productivity by 10.5 percentage points. The paper then estimates that medical emergencies can decline cocoa exports by $922 million and tax revenues by $135 million, which represents 0.2% of the Ivorian GDP in 2017.
Understanding the dynamics of thermo-chemical mantle wedge based on a simple model

Complex dynamical phenomena may be expected in the mantle wedge, since it will be controlled by a combination of thermal and chemical effects. Recent our studies show the possibility of the existence of small-scale convection in the mantle wedge, which may be driven by thermal/chemical buoyancies. Such a small-scale convection may explain the along-arc variation of arc volcanism. In order to understand the complex phenomena associated with thermal and chemical effects, we have constructed a simpliﬁed model of thermo-chemical convection in the mantle wedge. In this model, we assume the kinematic ﬂow of a chemical agent, such as water, from the top of the subducting slab. This chemical agent affects both the density and the viscosity of the region where it resides and decreases the density and viscosity. We found that major effects of this low density and viscosity anomaly is to suppress the three-dimensional characteristic of mantle ﬂow. Chemically polluted, thus buoyant region tends to stagnate and this results in the low temperature zone in the corner of mantle wedge. This result suggests the chemical origin of non-moving mantle part in the corner of the mantle wedge (nose), which is sometimes necessary to explain the low heat ﬂow in the fore-arc. We also constructed a hybrid model: The chemical agency close to the trench affects both density and viscosity and it in the back arc region does only the viscosity. The model shows the co-existence of the low temperature nose and the small-scale thermally driven convection in the back arc. This may explain some of the geologic character of the northern Honshu arc.
Mathematical modeling for novel treatment approaches to open-angle glaucoma

ABSTRACT Introduction: Reduction of intraocular pressure, the only currently approved therapy for Open-angle glaucoma (OAG), has yet to fully arrest the disease process in many individuals, therefore it is critical to develop novel treatment approaches for OAG. Due to the multifactorial and complex nature of the disease, mathematical modeling may provide an effective tool to advance our understanding of glaucoma risk for a given individual. Areas covered: Herein we discuss the impactful role that mathematical modeling and Big Data hold for the future of OAG treatment. Previous work on biophysical modeling in OAG is considered along with exploring how the combination of statistical and biophysical modeling with demographic and clinical data improves individualized risk assessment allowing for earlier and more effective OAG management. Literature search methods included PubMed, Medline, and cross-matching of relevant article literature sources. Expert commentary: Mathematical modeling in OAG offers novel and promising improvements for OAG risk assessment. With further development mathematical modeling may allow for individualized risk assessments that will lead to more specific and earlier diagnostic and treatment interventions. Additionally, innovative drug development and treatment targets are conceivable through employment of biophysical modeling and tissue targeting.
Optimal Power Flow in Shipboard Power Systems by Differential Evolution Method

This paper proposes a Differential Evolution Algorithm, for optimal power flow in Shipboard Power Systems with an integrated Photo Voltaic Power Generation Systems. The formulation of Optimal Power Flow problem includes the active power generation and the voltage magnitude at PV buses are considered as control variables. To maintain grid voltage static stable. Modern shipboard power systems of surface vessels acquire efficient and accurate power flow solutions. An assessment of various classical power-flow methods is conducted for shipboard power systems to obtain the power flow solution. In this paper an evolutionary optimization technique called Differential Evolution (DE) algorithm is used for obtaining the power flow calculation problem of integrated shipboard power system. The optimal power flow problem is solved by using Differential Evolution(DE) algorithm considering a objective function and equality and inequality constraints. Case studies of a shipboard power system network demonstrate the introduced methodology succeeds in being the effective one with good convergence on integrated shipboard power system. An evolutionary computation technique is presented, which enhances the computation time and solution convergence.
A Black-hole Attack Detection Algorithm Based on Analysis of Node Behaviour in MANET

: Remote system is the network of mobilee PC hubs that are not physically wired. The fundamental favorable position of such system is speaking with whatever is left of the world while being mobile. The dangers to clients of remote innovation have expanded as the administration has turned out to be more prevalent. Security is an essential requirement in mobile ad hoc networks to provide protected communication between mobile nodes. This paper proposed an effective approach for investigation of black-hole intended to find security against malicious activity. The proposed method is based on node behaviour analysis by which different constraints apply to processing signal strength, number of repeating replies of the same node and to check the destination sequence number of all nodes and computing threshold by which we can demonstrate there is availability of malevolent attacker. The implementation of the proposed Secure routing method of finding the malicious attacker is execute using NS 2 i
A Review on Document Clustering Using a Machine Learning Framework

: The descriptive grouping consists of automatically organizing data instances into groups and generating a descrip-tion Summary for each group. The description should inform a user about the content of each group without further examination of the specific instances, allowing a user to quickly scan relevant groups. Selection of descriptions is often based on heuristic criteria. We modelling the descriptive cluster as an auto-coder network that predicts the characteristics of cluster assignments and predicts the cluster assignments of a subset of characteristics. The subset of functionality used to predict a cluster serves as a description. For the text documents, appearance or counting of words, phrases or other attributes provides a representation of the dispersed features with interpretable feature labels in the proposed network, cluster predictions are performed and feature forecasts are based on machine learning framework. The optimization of these models leads to a completely self-regulating descriptive grouping approach that automatically selects the number of clusters and the number of functions for each cluster. We apply the methodology to a variety of text documents and has shown that the selected grouping, as demonstrated by the subsets of the selected features, is associated with significant topical organization.
Filamin B extensively regulates transcription and alternative splicing, and is associated with apoptosis in HeLa cells

Post-transcriptional mechanisms are an important approach in the treatment of cancer, and may also be hijacked by tumor cells to help adapt to the local microenvironment. Filamin B (FLNB), an actin-binding protein that provides crucial scaffolds for cell motility and signaling, has also been identified as an RNA-binding protein. Recent studies demonstrated that FLNB might play an important role, not only in skeletal development, but also in regulating tumorigenesis; however, the effects of dysregulated expression of FLNB at the molecular level are not clear. In the present study, RNA-sequencing was performed to analyze changes in overall transcriptional and alternative splicing between the knocked-down FLNB and the control in HeLa cells. Decreased FLNB levels resulted in significantly lower apoptosis compared with control cells. FLNB knockdown extensively regulated the expression of genes in cell apoptosis, tumorigenesis, metastases, transmembrane transport and cartilage development. Moreover, FLNB regulated alternative splicing of a large number of genes involved in ‘cell death’ and the ‘apoptotic process’. Some genes and alternative splicing related to skeletal development were enriched and regulated by FLNB. Reverse transcription-quantitative-PCR identified FLNB-regulated transcription and alternative splicing of genes, such as NLR family apoptosis inhibitory protein, interleukin 23 subunit α, metastasis associated lung adenocarcinoma transcript 1, phosphofurin acidic cluster sorting protein 2, bone morphogenetic protein 7, matrix metallopeptidase 13, collagen type II α 1 chain, fibroblast growth factor receptor 2 and vitamin D receptor. The present study is the first study, to the best of the authors’ knowledge, to provide transcriptome-wide analysis of differential gene expression and alternative splicing upon FLNB silencing. The present results suggested that FLNB may play an important regulatory role in cervical cancer cell apoptosis via regulation of transcription and alternative splicing, which provide insight for the current understanding of the mechanisms of FLNB-mediated gene regulation.
Virtual Circuit Switching Based Smart NOC

: NoC solutions needs special kind of CPUs that consumes less power, is cheaper, smaller, but still has high performance requirements. To fulfil all these demands, they are getting more and more complex as the number of transistors is rapidly growing which has led to the emerging of multiprocessors systems-on-a-chip. This is developed on Xilinx 14.2 version by using vertex 4 tool kit to show the performance on the design of FPGA unit.
A Isolation Conserve and Unreserve bare of Wrapper Dropping Attacks in Mobile Networks

: In wireless ad hoc network, Denial-of-service (DoS) attacks can deplete network resources and energy without much effort on the part of an adversary, where Packet dropping attacks are one category of DoS attacks consequently packet loss is a serious issue. In our presented system scenario, the malicious nodes in a route can purposely drop the packets through the diffusion from a source toa destination either it is caused by link errors or by malicious packet dropping.It is hard to diverge the packet loss caused by link errors and malicious dropping more over for identifying such attacks in ad hoc networks every node should monitor in the network. When they detect malicious nodes that drop packets, a new path has to find that it does not includethem in a communicated network.In this paper, we are exploring a newsolution called AP-HLA(Alternative path-homomorphic linear authentication) it isolates the paths that drop packets via alternative paths that WSN finds so far during route discovery. As a result, it leads packet-dropping attack acquires no additional cost because one of the alternate paths utilized for all subsequent communication, hence to improve the detection accuracy, the correlations between lost packets identified. In our proposed approach monitoring individual nodes are not required, which determinesthe malicious packet dropping by the correlation among packets. Similarly, an auditing architecture based on homomorphic linear authenticator can be used to confirm the proof of reception of packets at each node.
Essential Radiology of the degenerative lumbar spine: updating concepts.

Poster: "ECR 2018 / C-1693 / Essential Radiology of the degenerative lumbar spine: updating concepts. " by: "I. Garcia Duitama, S. Carbullanca Toledo, J. Ares, A. Solano, A. Agusti; Barcelona/ES"
GRAPHENE OXIDES REDUCED BY A CONSTANT CURRENT

2 A comparative study of several screen-printed electrodes modified with electrochemically reduced 3 graphene oxides (ERGO) by means of a constant current has been carried out. The ERGOs were 4 produced from graphene oxides (GO) with different controlled functional groups contents and 5 locations. The experimental reduction conditions were optimized for each particular GO to generate 6 ERGO-modified electrodes with the aim of improving the performance of the dopamine redox process. 7 The ERGO-modified electrodes exhibited a larger electroactive area, a higher reversibility of the redox 8 process, faster kinetics, and greater double-layer capacitance. Analysis of the reduction degree and 9 residual functional groups by means of X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) after and before 10 reduction enabled us to determine the relation between the electrochemical behaviour and morphology 11 of the electrodes. A hydrazine-reduced graphene oxide showed the best analytical performance with a 12 higher sensitivity (0.259 μA/μM vs. 0.090 μA/μM in the case of a bare electrode), and a linear range 13 from 1-100 μM. It was found that both the experimental reduction conditions and starting graphene 14 material are critical for obtaining a modified electrode with a suitable electrochemical behaviour and 15 properties and that a constant current is a suitable technique for the reduction of graphene oxides, 16 especially for screen-printed electrodes. 17 18
Abnormal expression of ABCD3 is an independent prognostic factor for colorectal cancer

ATP binding cassette subfamily D member 3 (ABCD3) is a member of the superfamily of ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporters, which serve crucial roles in the process of tumor cell resistance to chemotherapy. The present study investigated the diagnostic and prognostic capabilities of ABCD3 in colorectal cancer (CRC) by bioinformatics analysis. Gene expression data and corresponding clinical information of patients with CRC were collected from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) databases. The results demonstrated that ABCD3 mRNA level was decreased in CRC tissues compared with normal tissues following Wilcoxon test analysis. Furthermore, ABCD3 protein expression was significantly higher in normal colon tissues compared with colon adenocarcinoma tissues according to the Human Protein Atlas. In addition, the area under the Receiver Operating Characteristic curve based on comparison between the tumor and normal groups derived from TCGA and GEO databases demonstrated that the use of ABCD3 mRNA level may be used for the diagnosis of CRC. ABCD3 expression was significantly associated with clinical stage, T stage, and lymph node status following Kruskal-Wallis test or Wilcoxon rank sum test, logistic regression and χ2 test. Furthermore, the results from Kaplan-Meier survival analysis indicated that low ABCD3 mRNA expression had a poorer prognosis value compared with ABCD3 high expression in patients with CRC. In addition, results from univariate Cox regression analysis indicated that ABCD3 mRNA expression was associated with overall survival (OS), and results from multivariate Cox analysis indicated that ABCD3 mRNA expression may be considered an independent prognostic factor from other clinical factors, such as clinical stage, sex and age. The results from Gene Set Enrichment Analysis demonstrated that the ABCD3 high-expression phenotype was differentially enriched in five biological processes, including apoptosis, cell cycle, renal cell carcinoma, thyroid cancer and colorectal cancer. The findings from this study demonstrated that ABCD3 mRNA expression may be considered as a potential diagnostic and prognostic biomarker in patients with CRC. ABCD3 expression levels may participate in the regulation of cell apoptosis and cell cycle. In addition, GSEA analysis identified Kyoto Encyclopaedia of Genes and Genomes pathways for renal cell carcinoma, thyroid cancer and CRC involving ABCD3.
Research and Discussion on High Precision Image Location Technology in Large Scale Surveying and Mapping Mission

The accuracy of image positioning is the key to large scale surveying and mapping, and its main factors include the positioning and orbit determination, attitude stability, the stability of the azimuth element in the surveying camera, and the high precision ground calibration technology. This paper mainly analyzes and estimates the influential factors and indexes of very high precision image positioning, and puts forward the corresponding guarantee measures. At the same time, the relevant key technologies are explored to provide technical support and reference for the implementation of large scale surveying and mapping satellite engineering.
Thai Vowels Speech Recognition using Convolutional Neural Networks

The vowel is considered as the core of syllable in each word. This paper aims to present noisy Thai vowels speech recognition by using Convolutional Neural Network (CNN). The noisy Thai vowels dataset is the speech of Thai vowels in real-world situations. The sound is collected in a real environment from several areas which consist of many types of noise at 30-40dB SNR (Signal to Noise Ratio). It constrains 16 kHz speech data is recorded from a mobile phone. The vowel speeches are separated into 2 groups: male’s voice and female’s voice from 25 male and 25 female speakers. In this research, it constrains 18 classes (9 short vowels and 9 long vowels). Mel Frequency Cepstral Coefficients (MFCCs) are used for feature extraction. The most accuracy rate of the CNN-Thai Simple Vowel (CNN-TSV) model is 90.00% and SS.S9% on female and male voices respectively. The comparison results of CNN-TSV model with other models such as Multilayer Perceptron (MLP) and Support Vector Machines (SVM) show that the CNN-TSV model is the most effective for both female and male voices. This research can be used as one of an alternative model to apply for Computer-assisted language learning (CALL) in the future development direction.
Surveying Solid-State Transformer Structures and Controls: Providing Highly Efficient and Controllable Power Flow in Distribution Grids

The large-scale integration of renewable energy sources (RESs) and the increasing number of energy-storage (ES) systems connected to the grid will create a big challenge for power flow management at the distribution level. In this new scenario, a solid-state transformer (SST) will be a highly efficient key element for providing highly efficient and controllable power flow in distribution grids. SSTs not only mimic the operation of conventional transformers, which scale the voltage level between primary and secondary terminals, but they also control bidirectional power flow, stabilize voltage, facilitate direct integration of ES, and mitigate harmonics and transients, which can cause the power quality of the grid voltage to deteriorate. This article surveys several proposed structures for SSTs in the literature based on different ways of interconnecting power converter topologies.
A New Ionospheric Model for Single Frequency GNSS User Applications Using Klobuchar Model Driven by Auto Regressive Moving Average (SAKARMA) Method Over Indian Region

The single-frequency users of Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) require an effective mathematical model that mitigate the dominant errors due to ionospheric delays. Klobuchar model approximately reduces ionospheric effect up to 50% through its coefficients in the navigation message, which is not sufficient for the GNSS single frequency users at critical applications. Hence, a new model, for Single Frequency GNSS User Applications using Klobuchar model driven by Auto Regressive Moving Average Method (SAKARMA) is proposed to forecast and enhance the precision of ionospheric delay estimations for GNSS users. The hourly VTEC maps are obtained from the Assimilated Indian Regional Vertical Total Electron Content (AIRAVAT) by the process of data assimilation using the Kalman filter exclusively for the Indian region (longitude: 65°E to 100°E; latitude: 5°N to 40°N) using 26 GPS TEC stations over Indian region. The accuracy of the SAKARMA model is investigated using the AIRAVAT maps for various Indian geographic regions during both geomagnetic quiet and disturbed conditions of September month in 2016 year. Furthermore, in order to test SAKARMA model, a dual-frequency Navigation with Indian Constellation (NavIC) receiver located at the KL Education Foundation, Guntur, India (geographic: 16.37°N, 80.37°E; geomagnetic: 7.44°N, 153.75°E) is used to collect the observations during 2 - 12 September 2017. Furthermore, SAKARMA model is also validated with Klobuchar model, Klobuchar-style coefficients provided by the Center for Orbit Determination in Europe (CODE) (CODKlob) Model, BeiDou System (BDS2) Model and NeQuick 2 Model over a low latitude NavIC station in forecasting the ionospheric delays. The experimental results of SAKARMA for NavIC have revealed that the MAPE for proposed SAKARMA model is 9-17% (accuracy: 83-91%), while 34-53% (accuracy: 47-66%) for the Klobuchar model. Thus, the results illustrate that the proposed SAKARMA model is capable of predicting the ionospheric delays for single frequency GNSS/NavIC users.
Contemporary challenges in molecular oncology and pathology of the breast

xiii RESUMO . xv ABBREVIATION LIST . xvii Chapter 1 – An Overview of Breast Cancer . 1 Part 1: General Introduction . 1 Epidemiology . 1 Etiology and risk factors . 3 Classification of breast cancer . 5 Treatment response predictors . 10 Part 2: “Carcinogenesis and Breast Cancer Progression” . 19 Normal breast and mammary gland . 19 Intraductal proliferative lesions . 20 Progression to invasive breast cancer . 22 The role of the microenvironment . 23 Part 3: “Intratumor Heterogeneity” . 27 Chapter 2 – Aims and Rational . 49 Chapter 3 – Material and Methods . 53 Chapter 4 Oncogenesis and Clinical Predictors of Breast Carcinoma . 55 Cancer stem cells role and breast cancer oncogenesis the complexity of special histologic type . 55 De Beca FF et al., J Clin Pathol. 2013: . 55 Modulation of oncogenic molecular pathways in breast cancer – a long-non-coding RNA suspect . 61 Henry W et al., Oncotarget. 2016: . 61 New Clinical Predictor of Breast Cancer Risk – Clinical Validation and Implications . 77 Beca F et al., Breast Cancer Res, 2017 . 77 Chapter 5 The transition to invasive breast cancer and the microenvironment’s role . 87 Progression of breast cancer – the metabolism’s role . 87 Martins D et al., Cell Cycle. 2013 . 87 Progression of breast cancer – the microenvironment and immune system’s role . 95 Huh SJ et al., submitted . 95 Chapter 6 Risk stratification in ER-positive breast cancer . 139