Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The Scramble for Cyberspace: Internet-Based Reporting of Genocide in the Southern Cameroon-Ambazonia Crisis

The post-truth politics has been ascendant in Cameroon since the beginning of the Anglophone crisis. Consequently, the country’s political culture has been influenced by appeals to emotion, usually ignoring factual rebuttals. We collected original data using Facebook accounts which are a preserved archive of the way hundreds of millions of Southern Cameroonians and other relate to one another and share genocidal information. The data indicate that the government’s stance on bearing genocidal responsibility changes continuously when internal and external actors pressurize it to investigate crimes committed against humanity as it was the case in the 2020 Ngarbuh massacre and it either remains stagnant or the blames are shifted to the separatists when no serious pressure is exerted on it. The more the truth about crimes against humanity is hidden, the more tension increases, the more trust is destroyed and the more the war will prolong and widen the divide between Ambazonians and La Republique du Cameroon. Martial and cosmetic solutions only help to radicalize the population and instigate them to defy state institutions. Ambazonians’ responses indicate that they did not have to rely on an international community but themselves and it prompted them to take arms and fight the more.
Proton NMR investigation of the local dynamics of PEO in PEO/PMMA blends

Longitudinal relaxation of proton magnetisation was used to characterize the molecular motions of PEO chains in compatible PEO (hydrogenated)/PMMA (deuterated) blends. Both the temperature and the PEO concentration, Φ, were varied. A maximum in the spin–lattice relaxation rate was observed and its properties were analyzed as a function of Φ. For Φ ≤ 0.50, the maximum is observed below the glass transition temperature of the blend; this shows that PEO chains dispersed in a matrix of PMMA remain highly mobile on a local scale even below Tg(Φ). A frequency–temperature correspondence procedure, applied to the measurements performed at two Larmor frequencies, 32 and 60 MHz, leads to a characteristic correlation time for PEO molecular motions. Its temperature dependence obeys a WLF free volume relation above the glass transition of the blends. The PEO free volume fraction and its thermal expansion are strongly reduced by the presence of the PMMA chains. © 1997 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Polym Sci B: Polym Phys 35: 1095–1105, 1997
Bartter Syndrome in Children; A Cause of Severe Hypokalemic Metabolic Alkalosis: Clinical Case Report and Literature Review

Bartter syndrome is an inherited renal tubular disorder caused by a defective salt reabsorption in the thick ascending limb of loop of Henle. It characterized by urinary loss of sodium, potassium, and chloride; hypokalemic metabolic alkalosis; normal blood pressure, high plasma levels of renin and aldosterone. There is phenotypical and genetic variability of Bartter syndrome since were identified five genes responsible for five different forms of Bartter syndrome. The objective of this work is to report a clinical case to study the pathophysiological, clinical, biological and therapeutic features of this syndrome. Materials and Methods: We reported a case of 04-month-old male infant admitted for acute dehydration secondary to polyuro-polydipsia syndrome and vomiting. In clinical presentation the patient had a dysmorphic syndrome with triangular face, protruding ears and flattened nasal root. Laboratory tests revealed hypokalemia, hyponatremia, metabolic alkalosis and hypercalciuria. Treatment with indomethacin was started at 1 mg/kg per day with favorable outcome. Case Study Radi et al.; AJPR, 4(4): 1-7, 2020; Article no.AJPR. 60914 2
Prediction of a mammogram mass as benign or malignant

This paper is about comparing several different supervised machine learning techniques to the “mammographic masses” public data set from the UCI repository, and see which one yields the highest accuracy as measured with K-Fold cross validation (K=10 A lot of needless pain and surgery occurs from the subsequent false positives of mammogram performance. If we can create a better way of understanding them through supervised machine learning, it will make many lives easier . We have applied Decision tree, Random forest, KNN, Naive Bayes, SVM, Logistic Regression and also neural network using Keras. The data was cleaned as many rows were containing missing data, and as there were erroneous data identifiable as outliers as well. Some techniques such as SVM that we have employed require the input data to be normalized first. Many techniques also had "hyperparameters" that had to be tuned. So here we have approached a better way to make it even better by tuning its hyperparameters.
Karakteristik Chief Executive Officer (CEO) dan Kualitas Akrual: Bukti Empiris dari Indonesia

This study investigates the relationship between CEO characteristics and accruals quality from public firms listed in Indonesia Stock Exchange between 2010 and 2017. This study used two accruals quality measures namely absolute abnormal accruals and performance matched abnormal accruals. Specifically, absolute abnormal accruals are proxied by two proxies, a) the modified Jones model (Dechow et al. 1995) and b) accrual estimation error the augmented specification of Dechow and Dichev model (2002) as suggested by McNichols (2002). Furthermore, performance matched abnormal accruals are proxies by two proxies, a) performance matched abnormal accruals by using Kothari et al. 2005) and b) current accrual. This study identifies CEO characteristics as CEO female, financial work experience, business skill, tenure, and CEO founding. The empirical findings that several CEO characteristics (i.e., CEO female, financial work experience, business skill, tenure, and CEO founding) is significantly associated with accrual quality; these in turn, may affect the quality of the firm’s reporting. Overall, these results are consistent with the prediction of the upper echelons theory and have implication in corporate financial reporting.
The nature of condensed single molecules : local electronic and mechanical characteristics

In order to advance the performance of molecule based electronic devices a detailed and fundamental knowledge about the underlying physical aspects is mandatory. It is well known that the performance of any organic electronic device is influenced by the physics at the interfaces between different molecules or molecule and substrate. Tracing down these phenomena towards the single molecular scale could highly improve the understanding and broaden the insight into the physics involving interfaces with organic compounds. In this manner, the present thesis is concerned with the nature of condensed single molecules studied by means of tuning fork based scanning tunneling- and atomic force microscopy in ultra-high-vacuum and at low temperature. The appealing local character of scanning probe based investigation tools is very well suited for investigations at the sub-nanometer scale. Particularly, the various spectroscopic operation modes directly enable to extract present interaction forces, to visualize molecular frontier orbitals, or to study local work function - or electrostatic potential variations. In order to apply these techniques towards single molecules on a surface, in a first step different spectroscopy data acquisition modes were compared with respect to the various experimental challenges that need to be regarded during long term high data density measurements. In a second step, the elasticity of a single molecule on a metal surface was analyzed via three dimensional force spectroscopy data. By observing a vertical elastic lifting process of certain functional side groups by the scanning tip, a controlled manipulation process based on the rotation of single molecules could be established. Similarly, the electronic properties of s single molecule on two different substrates were addressed by scanning tunneling- as well as three dimensional local Kelvin probe bias spectroscopy. By comparing the adsorption on a strongly interacting metal surface with that on an intervening epitaxial NaCl bilayer, due to which the molecule electronic structure is only weakly perturbed, the influences of charge transfer became directly visible. Supported by first principles calculations, it was shown, that even adsorption asymmetries concerning the second substrate layer below the molecule affect the distribution of charge.
Development of educational kit for IoT online learning

Received Sep 20th, 2020 Revised Oct 18th, 2020 Accepted Oct 21th, 2020 Internet of Thing (IoT) is one of the elements that drive the development of the Industrial Revolution (IR 4.0). Therefore, IoT has become the most important agenda in the globalization era including the field of education. The IoT element has been widely engaged in higher education syllabus. However, in COVID 19 pandemic, the teaching and learning process for IoT becomes more challenging and difficult to deliver. As a solution, the Educational Kit for IoT Online Learning has been developed. This online learning kit will help students to practically learn the IoT without a face to face lecture. The objectives of the paper are to provide an overview of existing IoT education solutions and to develop IoT online learning kit. This learning kit consists of IoT development hardware and software which are equipped with a camera that connected to the online conference software. This paper will explain the development of the kit. Compared to other kits, this learning kit can directly be used for online learning and helps students to practice IoT at home, especially during a pandemic. On the other hand, IoT Online Kits is a pioneer in higher education for practical online learning. Keyword:
A review of nitrate reduction using inorganic materials

In a biological denitrification system for water and wastewater treatment, an external carbon source (electron donor) is usually needed to generate dedicated microbial communities if intrinsic organic substances are insufficient. Alternative sources of electron donors, especially inorganic donors, are becoming more and more attractive in order to replace or reduce carbon use. In this article, inorganic electron donors, i.e. zero-valent iron, ferrous ion, sulphur and hydrogen are reviewed. While carbon dioxide (greenhouse gas) is produced when organic electron donors are used, inorganic electron donors have the potential advantages to reduce a plant's carbon footprint, and prevent carbon eluting out of the system, as occurs with heterotrophic processes. While sulphur and hydrogen are promising for nitrate removal in terms of reaction kinetics and economical feasibility, zero-valent iron and ferrous ion show potential to be utilized as a supplement to heterotrophic denitrification, where it is anticipated that synergistic effects would occur with autotrophic and heterotrophic denitrification, and thus external carbon consumption can be reduced.
Coating of a Sand-Blasted and Acid-Etched Implant Surface with a pH-Buffering Agent after Vacuum-UV Photofunctionalization

Ultraviolet (UV) photofunctionalization can reset the biological aging of titanium after the preparation and storage of dental implants by transforming hydrophobic titanium surfaces into superhydrophilic surfaces. Blood clot formation around the implant can initialize and promote the healing process at the bone–implant interface. The aim of this study is to evaluate and compare the capabilities of surface wettability and blood clotting of implants with a conventional sand-blasted and acid-etched surface (SA), a sand-blasted and acid-etched surface with vacuum-UV treatment (SA + VUV), and a sand-blasted and acid-etched surface coated with a pH-buffering agent after vacuum-UV treatment (SA + VUV + BS). Static and dynamic tests for surface wettability and blood clotting were performed in vitro for SA + VUV and SA + VUV + BS (n = 5), while hemostasis resulting from blood clotting was evaluated in vivo for SA, SA +VUV, and SA + VUV + BS (n = 4). A Kruskal–Wallis test showed statistically significant differences (p < 0.05) in all tests, with the exception of in vitro test of static blood clotting. VUV treatment is therefore effective at making an SA surface superhydrophilic as an alternative to routine UV-C radiation. The addition of a pH-buffering agent to SA + VUV also improved surface wettability and blood clotting, which are crucial for successful osseointegration.
Handbook of Techniques in High-Pressure Research and Engineering

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An Adversarial Self-Learning Method for Cross-City Adaptation in Semantic Segmentation

Semantic segmentation is an important task in the visual system of self-driving cars. The semantic segmentation models based on the CNN (Convolutional Neural Network) trained with the large numbers of annotated labels may not work well at the environments different from the training sets due to the domain gap between the train and test domains. Just for the reduction of the distance between the source and target domains, domain adaptation methods are proposed for the unsupervised training with the unlabeled target domain. Not only the reduction of the domain-shift, but we also propose the self-learning method to enhance the predicted probabilities of the target domain. To gain more accurate probability maps of the target domain generated from the segmentation model which is trained by the source domain, we propose the adversarial self-learning method which is consists of the domain adaptation part and self-learning part. The adversarial self-learning method can maximize the predicted probabilities for the probability maps of the target domain gained from the segmentation model which is adapted with the domain adaptation method before the self-learning. With the Cityscapes to NTHU cross-city adaptation experiments, we can see that the adversarial self-learning method can achieve stateof-the-art results compared with the domain adaptation methods proposed in the recent researches.
High-pressure melting of iron: new experiments and calculations

The melting curve of e-iron in the pressure range of 100 GPa to 300 GPa has been derived by computing Gibbs free energies at high pressures and high temperatures from equation of states (EOS) of the α-, e- and liquid phases. Our calculations indicate that the melting curve of iron is very sensitive to the EOS of both the solid (e) and melt phases. Optimal EOS parameters for e-iron are presented as well as new data for sound velocities in γ- and liquid phases. The latter provides a value for the Grüneisen parameter for liquid iron of 2.55 at 9.7 Mg m-3 at a pressure of 74 GPa. Preliminary shock-wave experiments on pure iron preheated to 1300 °C were conducted in the 17-74 GPa range. Melting was observed in the highest pressure (74 GPa) experiment. This result supports our theoretically derived melting curve, which is close to those measured by Boehler (1993) and Saxena et al. (1993).
College Student Sleep Quality Following Sleep Classes

Sleep hygiene and knowledge about sleep basics is unknown in college student populations. The college student population have abbreviated sleep due to social schedules and busy academic schedules. A measurement of sleep hygiene and knowledge about sleep in the college student population indicates that there are varying levels along with sleep knowledge. The objective of the study was to examine young adult sleep quality because of providing an educative intervention. A sleep class of one hour provided once a week for ten weeks was provided following the administration of a ten-item sleep survey. Following the sleep class, the sleep survey was read ministered. Measures of central tendency and non-parametric analysis of nominal data were conducted. The results indicated two of the five cohorts had statistically significant differences. Further, the measures of sleep quality differed, statistically, for two of the cohorts receiving the classroom instruction. This research finding indicates a continued need to educate college student populations about their sleep health.
Effectiveness of counselling and psychotherapeutic interventions for people with dementia and their families: a systematic review

Abstract As there is currently no cure for dementia, providing psycho-social support is imperative. Counselling and psychotherapeutic interventions offer a way to provide individualised support for people with dementia and their families. However, to date, there has not been a systematic review examining the research evidence for these interventions. This review aimed to examine the following research questions: (1) Are counselling/psychotherapeutic interventions effective for people with dementia? , (2) Are counselling/psychotherapeutic interventions effective for care-givers of people with dementia? and (3) Which modes of delivery are most effective for people with dementia and care-givers of people with dementia? A systematic literature search was conducted in MEDLINE (via PubMed), PsycINFO and CINAHL in March 2019. Keyword searches were employed with the terms ‘dement*’, ‘counsel*’, ‘psychotherapy’, ‘therap*’, ‘care’ and ‘outcome’, for the years 2000–2019. Thirty-one papers were included in the review, from seven countries. Twenty studies were randomised controlled trials (RCTs) or adopted a quasi-experimental design. The remaining studies were qualitative or single-group repeated-measures design. The review identified variation in the counselling/psychotherapeutic approaches and mode of delivery. Most interventions adopted either a problem-solving or cognitive behavioural therapy approach. Mixed effectiveness was found on various outcomes. The importance of customised modifications for people with dementia was highlighted consistently. Understanding the dyadic relationships between people with dementia and their care-givers is essential to offering effective interventions and guidance for practitioners is needed. Information about the cognitive impairment experienced by participants with dementia was poorly reported and is essential in the development of this research area. Future studies should consider the impact of cognitive impairment in developing guidance for counselling/psychotherapeutic intervention delivery for people with dementia.
Electromagnetic Expansion and Fragmentation of Hollow Aluminium 5052 Tube

Electromagnetic forming is a high-speed forming technology by which hollow profiles can be compressed or expanded. It is done with a pulsed magnetic field to apply Lorentz’ forces at electrically conductive material. Electromagnetic hollow tube expansion is limited by the fragmentation tendency. This work attempts to use a combination of analytical and computational approach to compute the net tangential stress during tube expansion. A simplified analytical framework to estimate the temporal evolution of plastic stresses present in aluminium alloy AA5052 at low and high applied magnetic pressures is developed based upon dynamic imaging. The time resolved images captured using current synchronised high speed camera record the overall dimensional changes of the tube that is validated by multi-physics simulation of expansion process. Imaging of hollow tube expansions at two selected peak currents has been carried out at various current levels in the range 76 - 160 kA. The direct visualisation of the increase in the tube diameter at two current levels provided a comparison of the developing net tangential stresses in the hollow tube during the undamaged and fragmented expansion. Imaging of tube expansion also facilitates the estimation of the strain rate experienced by the tube and was in the range of ~1700 s-1 to ~1200 s-1. The propensity of fragmentation was found to be due to the level and duration of generated tangential stresses above the yield stress during expansion of the aluminium tubes. Presented study provides a mean of exploiting the enhanced formability of aluminium alloys using electromagnetic forming.
Tensions within the sales ecosystem: a multi-level examination of the sales-marketing interface

Purpose The purpose of this study is to understand one portion of the sales ecological system. This paper focuses on the mesolevel or intra-organizational system that includes the sales and marketing functions. This paper examines distinct tensions at three levels of the firm’s hierarchy and the mechanisms used to manage the tensions. Design/methodology/approach The authors use a qualitative data collection. A discovery-oriented process is used to understand the interconnections that exist among marketing-sales dyads at three organizational levels across several firms. Findings This paper uncovers distinct tensions and defenses exhibited by managers at each hierarchical level and this paper presents mechanisms that can are used to reduce the tensions. Research limitations/implications The multi-level perspective demonstrates the value of examining the intra-organizational aspect of the sales ecosystem. This paper uses a qualitative approach to highlight that sales-marketing tensions are unique to each of the hierarchical levels. This paper demonstrates that the tensions are a function of the unique roles each sales and marketing executive has within the organization. Practical implications To make the sales and marketing interface more effective, managers need to view tensions across the sales-marketing interface as complementary versus opposing forces. Managers must balance these tensions, rather than fight them and/or select one of the alternatives over the other. This paper suggests that paradoxical thinking may be a valued skillset for managers at each level of the organization. Originality/value The study uses a unique qualitative data set that examines the sales-marketing interface across three levels of an organizational hierarchy. Through this approach, this paper delineates specific tensions between marketing and sales within each level of the firm. This paper also describes mechanisms to manage the tensions common within the sales-marketing interface.