Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Stacked Filters: Learning to Filter by Structure

We present Stacked Filters, a new probabilistic filter which is fast and robust similar to query-agnostic filters (such as Bloom and Cuckoo filters), and at the same time brings low false positive rates and sizes similar to classifier-based filters (such as Learned Filters). The core idea is that Stacked Filters incorporate workload knowledge about frequently queried non-existing values. Instead of learning, they structurally incorporate that knowledge using hashing and several sequenced filter layers, indexing both data and frequent negatives. Stacked Filters can also gather workload knowledge on-the-fly and adaptively build the filter. We show experimentally that for a given memory budget, Stacked Filters achieve end-to-end query throughput up to 130x better than the best alternative for a workload, either query-agnostic or classifier-based filters, and depending on where data is (SSD or HDD).
Investigation of finite size effects in a first order phase transition: High pressure Raman study of CdS microcrystallites

We have used Raman scattering to explore finite size effects in the phase transition of 300 A colloidal microcrystallites of CdS. By measuring the shifts in LO phonon frequencies as a function of pressure we conclude that these small microcrystallites undergo a well‐defined first order phase transition similar to the one occurring in bulk CdS. However, the phase transformation in the colloids exhibits a smaller hysteresis, which we attribute to efficient annealing of defects in the high surface area colloidal material.
Synthesis and Characterization of Mesostructured Titania-Based Materials through Evaporation-Induced Self-Assembly

Mesostructured TiO2−hexadecyltrimethylammonium bromide hybrid powders, displaying a bidimensional hexagonal pattern (p6m), have been synthesized by an evaporation-induced self-assembly (EISA) method, in ethanol/HCl/H2O media. Thermal treatment of these “titaniatropic” hybrid phases leads to phosphorus-free, high surface area (280−370 m2 g-1) mesoporous titania, with 20−25 A pores. The role of the synthesis parameters (surfactant and acid concentrations and temperature) is thoroughly discussed to understand their influence on the hybrid mesostructures. It is suggested that hydrophilic Ti-oxo nanometric building blocks formed in the acidic synthesis conditions self-assembly upon solvent evaporation to produce organized structures.
Loss of Activity or Gain in Stability of Oxidases upon Their Immobilization in Hydrated Silica: Significance of the Electrostatic Interactions of Surface Arginine Residues at the Entrances of the Reaction Channels

The structural origin of the extreme variation of the effect of silica sol−gel immobilization on the stability of flavoprotein oxidases is examined. In glycolate oxidase and lactate oxidase, highly conserved positively charged arginine surface residues guide the substrate anions into channels containing the active sites. In glucose oxidase, both positively and negatively charged (arginine and aspartic acid) residues are found at the channel opening. We postulate that electrostatic interaction between the positively charged residues in lactate and glycolate oxidases and polysilicate anions disrupts the function or structure of these α-hydroxy acid oxidases upon their immobilization in hydrated silica. Such damaging interaction does not occur in glucose oxidase where the surface charges are internally balanced. The damaging electrostatic interactions of the α-hydroxy acid oxidases are avoided, and the enzymes are stabilized instead of being deactivated when complexed with polycations, prior to their immobil.
The effect of the method of drying on the colour of dehydrated products

Summary We tested the hypothesis that an optimum method of drying fruit could be designed. The effect of the method used for drying on colour of apple, banana, potato and carrot was investigated for five different methods of drying: conventional, vacuum, microwave, freeze and osmotic drying. Colour characteristics were studied by measuring lightness (L), redness (a) and yellowness (b) using a Hunter Lab chromatometer. The method used to dry the material was found to significantly affect the three colour parameters. The changes in redness (a) and yellowness (b) were found to follow a first order kinetic model. Air-, vacuum- and microwave-dried materials caused extensive browning in the fruits and vegetables, this was manifested by a significant drop of the L parameter and an increase of the a and b parameters. Osmotically pretreated samples did not brown as much as the untreated samples and the value for lightness (L) decreased only slightly while a and b increased slightly. Freeze drying seems to prevent colour changes, resulting in products with improved colour characteristics.
Ceria-zirconia supported gold catalysts

Ceria-zirconia supported gold catalysts This paper presents the most important achievements and conclusions coming from the contributions concerning ceria-zirconia supported Au catalysts for low temperature water gas-shift reaction and low-temperature CO oxidation. The usefulness of CeO2-ZrO2 mixed oxides as supports for Au nanoparticles has been reviewed, mainly from the point of view of their contribution to those reactions. A special attention was paid to the active sites of CO oxidation and WGS reaction over Au/ceria-zirconia systems. Some aspects of the reactions mechanisms are also discussed. Ceriazirconia supported gold catalysts appear to be very promising systems, which have a potential to create a new quality in the catalysis of WGS reaction. Ceria-zirconia mixed oxides also seem to be very promising supports for Au nanoparticles in CO oxidation. They could find a practical application in ambient conditions, especially in air purification systems and a breathing apparatus. It is possible that gold could be usefully incorporated into automobile catalysts, considering that the price of other noble metals is rising rapidly. Their use in this application will, however, require demonstration of adequate stability at operating temperatures.
Effect of nitrogen supply on carbon and nitrogen partitioning after flowering in maize

Low nitrogen (N) supply may change assimilate partitioning between plant organs. We measured the effect of N supply on partitioning of recently assimilated 13 C and recently absorbed 15 N between generative and vegetative plant organs of two maize genotypes (Zea mays L.) 14 d after silking, i.e., during the lag phase of kernel growth. Furthermore, net partitioning of dry matter and N were assessed during grain filling. Plants were grown in a greenhouse in large containers. Our hypothesis was that N deficiency reduces grain set due to low partitioning of carbon (C) and N to the grains during the lag phase and reduces grain yield also because of excessive remobilization of N from the leaves during grain filling. During the lag phase, low N supply increased partitioning of recently assimilated photosynthates towards stem and roots at the expense of partitioning towards reproductive organs. However, despite of diminished sink strength of the reproductive organs for photosynthates, sugar concentrations in the grains of N-deficient plants were increased, indicating that kernel set and potential kernel weight were not limited by low C supply at the end of the lag phase. In contrast to C, partitioning of recently absorbed N towards the reproductive organs was increased at low N supply at the expense of partitioning towards the roots. This indicates different mechanisms for the regulation of C and N distribution within the plant. During grain filling, biomass partitioning between plant organs was more affected by genotype than by rate of N supply. Nitrogen accumulation in the grains substantially exceeded total N uptake in the plant after flowering. Excess N accumulation in the grains was covered mainly by depletion of stem N at high N supply and by depletion of leaf N at low N supply. However, high concentrations of nonstructural carbohydrates in the stem at maturity indicated that grain yield of N-deficient plants was not limited by low source strength of N-depleted leaves.
Pay To Win: Cheap, Crowdfundable, Cross-chain Algorithmic Incentive Manipulation Attacks on PoW Cryptocurrencies

In this paper we extend the attack landscape of bribing attacks on cryptocurrencies by presenting a new method, which we call Pay-To-Win (P2W). To the best of our knowledge, it is the ﬁrst approach capable of facilitating double-spend collusion across diﬀerent blockchains. Moreover, our technique can also be used to speciﬁcally incentivize transaction exclusion or (re)ordering. For our construction we rely on smart contracts to render the payment and receipt of bribes trustless for the briber as well as the bribee. Attacks using our approach are operated and ﬁnanced out-of-band i.e., on a funding cryptocurrency, while the consequences are induced in a diﬀerent target cryptocurrency. Hereby, the main requirement is that smart contracts on the funding cryptocurrency are able to verify consensus rules of the target. For a concrete instantiation of our P2W method, we choose Bitcoin as a target and Ethereum as a funding cryptocurrency. Our P2W method is designed in a way that reimburses collaborators even in the case of an unsuccessful attack. Inter-estingly, this actually renders our approach approximately one order of magnitude cheaper than comparable bribing techniques (e.g., the whale attack). We demonstrate the technical feasibility of P2W attacks through publishing all relevant artifacts of this paper, ranging from calculations of success probabilities to a fully functional proof-of-concept implementation, consisting of an Ethereum smart contract and a Python client 7 .
The Influence of Ionic Dispersion Potentials on Counterion Condensation on Polyelectrolytes

The prevalent theories for polyelectrolytes have not been able to describe the experimentally observed ion specificity found at high ion concentrations for counterion condensation and conformational transitions. One important source of ion specificity missed in these theories is the dispersion force that acts between an ion and the cylindrical polyion surface. Here, we solve the cylindrical Poisson−Boltzmann equation numerically in the presence of ionic dispersion potentials. We demonstrate that ionic dispersion forces have important influences on ionic distributions and potentials. This influence increases with increasing concentration reflecting that specific ion effects are observed only at high concentrations.
Conformation and dynamics of carcinogenic N-substituted 2-aminofluorene compounds studied by NMR.

L'analyse de la conformation et de la dynamique associee a la liaison aryl-azote et amide pour les acetylamino-2 fluorene (AAF) ainsi que ses derives N-hydroxy, N-acetoxy et N-sulfate est realisee comme l'etape initiale pour l'etude de l'orientation de AAF dans les acides nucleiques modifies. Discussion des resultats des spectres RMN de 1 H, 13 C et 15 N
Characterization and correction of optical proximity effects in deep-ultraviolet lithography using behavior modeling

We present the characterization of optical proximity effects and their correction in deep‐UV lithography using an empirically derived model for calculating feature sizes in resist. The model is based on convolution of the mask pattern with a set of kernels determined from measuring the printed test structures in resist. The fit of the model to the measurement data is reviewed. The model is then used for proximity correction using commercially available proximity correction software. Corrections based on this model is effective in restoring resist linearity and in reducing line‐end shortening. It is also more effective in reducing optical proximity effects than corrections based only on aerial image calculations.
Photoassisted electrolysis of water for hydrogen generation with TiO2 aggregate film

In this paper, the nanocrystallite aggregates of TiO2 were synthesized and characterized by X-Ray Diffraction (XRD), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET). The aggregates are of submicron size, formed by nano-sized crystallites and able to offer both a large specific surface area and desirable size comparable to the wavelength of visible light. Therefore, the TiO2 aggregates were also studied as photoelectrode in photoelectrochemical cell for hydrogen generation. The results show that the hydrogen generation rates are 0.47 ml/h*cm2 and 0.27 ml/h*cm2 during the first test with and without illumination, respectively. The current density also presented continually increasing during the light-on period. This was attributed to the photogenerated current, which benefited from the TiO2 aggregates and may significantly enhance the electrolysis rate of water.
NVIDIA GPU Performance Monitoring using an Extension for Dynatrace OneAgent

This work presents a Dynatrace OneAgent extension for gathering NVIDIA GPU metrics using NVIDIA Management Library (NVML). The extension integrates GPU metrics into an industry-leading platform for Application Performance Management extending its capability of monitoring important business workloads to the GPU-oriented computational nodes. A practical approach for acquiring and processing NVML metrics via Python bindings is described. The work also proposes and discusses implementation of helper applications for convenient simulation of performance problems in a multi-tier web application. These applications are then used in combination with OneAgent-based monitoring and appropriate configuration of Dynatrace platform for web application monitoring. Next, an end-to-end production-like scenarios are presented, which exemplify extension usefulness in test setup resembling a real world implementation. The extension has been released on GitHub under MIT license.
Fortnite Battle Royale -online video game: a fostering environment for verbal English as a lingua franca communication

jossa kaikilla on oikeus puhua englantia riippumatta heidän taitotasostaan. ELF perinteen mukaisesti haastateltavat kokivat yhteisen ymmärrettävyyden tärkeimmäksi osaksi kommunikaatiota. ELF kommunikaation yleisyys Fornite pelissä on todennäköisesti vaikuttanut sen hyväksyttävyyteen ja arvostukseen.
The molecular and crystal structure of the alkaloid cinchonine

The crystal structure of the alkaloid cinchonine, C19H22N20, has been solved by direct methods and refined by full-matrix least-squares computations to R = 0.053 for 1935 reflexions measured on a diffractometer. The monoclinic unit cell, space group P2~ with a = 10.763 (3), b = 7.177 (2), c = 11.090 (3) A, fl = 107.92 (2) ° contains two molecules. The molecules form hydrogen-bonded chains along twofold screw axes. The conformation of the free cinchonine base is the same as that found for the (cinchoninium) 2÷ cation; the differences in the bond lengths and angles are discussed.
Plant‐mediated synthesis of silver and gold nanoparticles and their applications

Nanobiotechnology deals with the synthesis of nanostructures using living organisms. Among the use of living organisms for nanoparticle synthesis, plants have found application particularly in metal nanoparticle synthesis. Use of plants for synthesis of nanoparticles could be advantageous over other environmentally benign biological processes as this eliminates the elaborate process of maintaining cell cultures. Biosynthetic processes for nanoparticles would be more useful if nanoparticles were produced extracellularly using plants or their extracts and in a controlled manner according to their size, dispersity and shape. Plant use can also be suitably scaled up for large-scale synthesis of nanoparticles. In view of this, we have reviewed here the use of plants or their extracts in the synthesis of silver and gold nanoparticles for various human applications. Copyright © 2008 Society of Chemical Industry
P‐31: New Organic Electroluminescence Structures Using Porous Alumina Films

Porous alumina based organic electroluminescence structure doped with naphthalimide deriative is developed. The usage of porous alumina cathode results in more inhomogeneous electric field and, as a consequence, more intensive autoelectron emission. Organic electroluminescent devices of this type are easily produced and can be more efficient and stable as compared with usual structures.
Ab initio molecular orbital study of the amide I vibrational interactions between the peptide groups in di‐ and tripeptides and considerations on the conformation of the extended helix

Interrelationships among the coupling between the amide I vibrations of peptide groups, the A–E1 wavenumber difference of the amide I mode and the conformation of helical polypeptide chains were examined theoretically. Ab initio molecular orbital (MO) calculations were performed for a glycine dipeptide and a glycine tripeptide with various ϕ and ψ angles to obtain the coupling constants between the amide I vibrations of the nearest peptide groups and between those of the second nearest peptide groups. It was found that the coupling constants between the second nearest peptide groups were reasonably well explained by the transition dipole coupling mechanism, whereas the coupling constants between the nearest peptide groups contained other factors that mainly depended on ψ. The wavenumbers of the A and E1 components of the amide I mode were calculated for various helices on the basis of these coupling constants. The A component is strong in the infrared (IR) spectrum when the transition dipole of the amide I vibration is nearly parallel to the helix axis, whereas the E1 component has a strong IR intensity when they are nearly perpendicular to each other. The A component has a strong Raman intensity in both cases. Therefore, the Raman–infrared wavenumber difference of 10–20 cm-1 observed for the amide I bands of poly(L-glutamate) and poly(L-lysine) with charged side chains indicates that these polypeptides, in that so-called ‘extended helix’ state, have conformations giving rise to strong IR bands of the E1 component which are lower in wavenumber than the Raman bands of the A component by 10–20 cm-1. The ranges of the ϕ and ψ angles that are consistent with such spectral features are discussed on the basis of the calculated structures and amide I wavenumbers. © 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Rewritable color recording media consisting of leuco dye and biphenyl developer with a long alkyl chain

Media formulated using two compounds (a leuco dye and 4-alkoxyl-4′-hydroxybiphenyl) were colored in the amorphous state and colorless in the crystalline state. As the alkyl chain length of the biphenyl compound increased, the contrast ratio and thermal stability of the amorphous states increased. Additionally, the crystallization velocity increased for the media with a long alkyl chain. Leuco dyes with a high glass transition temperature also produced thermally stable amorphous states. The origin of the long alkyl chain effects is discussed.
Chitosan Based Scaffolds by Lyophilization and sc.CO2 Assisted Methods for Tissue Engineering Applications

Porous chitosan scaffolds with possible tissue engineering applications were synthesized by using lyophilization and supercritical carbon dioxide (sc.CO2) drying technique. 1% Chitosan (CS) solution in aq. acetic acid was treated with 37% formaldehyde solution; the resulting hydrogels were subjected to solvent-exchange prior to the final treatment procedures. Their morphology, pore structure, and physical properties were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), thermal analysis, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and the specific surface areas and porosities of scaffolds were determined by using N2 adsorption. The sc.CO2 treated scaffolds showed a much greater surface area in comparison to the lyophilized one. Hence, sc.CO2 treated scaffolds is better for cell proliferation. We further investigated the bioactivity of sc.CO2 treated scaffolds using simulated body fluid (SBF). The sc.CO2 assisted chitosan scaffold prepared by using green chemistry approach is highly pure and from a hygienic point of view, it is an ideal material for tissue engineering applications.
A Genetic Optimization Physical Planner for Big Data Warehouses

Workload-driven approaches for partitioning and tuning traditional Parallel Database systems are well studied in the literature. Unfortunately, in the context of new generation "Big Data" warehouses, these approaches are not correctly adapted to Business Intelligence 2.0, where the analyst is at the heart of decision support systems. This "disconnect" situation strongly impacts both data partitioning and fragment allocation processes, which are essential to achieve good query performance. To overcome this problem, recent studies proposed online data partitioning and fragment allocation using AI techniques to improve query performance with adaptive behavior. Nevertheless, they have important limitations: they add significant overhead and they tend to focus on the current workload, ignoring query logs. With such motivation in mind, we first formulate the problem of optimizing database partitioning subject to feasibility constraints, based on a query workload. We then introduce a proactive partitioning approach combining offline and online processing phases, inspired by closed-loop control (used in engineering disciplines) and genetic algorithms (from AI). We present an experimental validation on a big data cluster that shows promising results on typical OLAP workloads.
Removal of Lead and Nickel Ions from Wastewater by Genipin Crosslinked Chitosan/Poly(ethylene glycol) Films

A naturally occurring and non-toxic cross-linking agent, genipin, was used to crosslink the chitosan (GC) and chitosan/poly (ethylene glycol) (GC/PEG) blends in order to obtain the insoluble sorbents for heavy metal ions. The kinetic data of adsorption were evaluated based on both pseudo-first and pseudo-second order kinetics and indicated that the pseudo-second order fit best with high correlation coefficients. Both Langmuir and Freundlich isotherms were tested for the modeling of experimental data. The results indicated that Ni2+ followed the Langmuir isotherm model, while Pb2+ followed the Freundlich isotherm model in both single and binary metal ion systems. The chitosan component showed the competition effects on adsorption in binary metal ion systems. In the desorption process, both GC and GC/PEG films maintained a good sorbent restoration capability of 80% in presence of 0.1 mol L−1 HNO3 solutions at each adsorption/desorption cycle.