Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Subglacial topography inferred from ice surface terrain analysis reveals a large un‐surveyed basin below sea level in East Antarctica

A terrain analysis technique relating ice‐surface plan curvature to basal topography is applied to the Antarctic Ice Sheet. The technique suggests complex bed topography and a large subglacial basin more than 1500 m below present day sea level under the Recovery Glacier and its catchment in East Antarctica. Despite the importance of accurate subglacial topography for understanding the nature of ice flow and for numerical modeling, available data in this region are sparse. The presence of a large area of ice grounded below sea level, flowing at elevated velocities could have significant implications for the potential stability of this region of East Antarctica, previously thought to contain only small areas of marine ice sheet. The catchment region alone contains an ice volume equivalent to 2.6 m of global sea level rise, therefore it is important that the nature of the basal conditions in this region are better understood.
PHRASEme-TYPE AND PHRASEme-TOKEN: A CORPUS-DRIVEN EVIDENCE FOR MORPHOLOGICAL FLEXIBILITY OF PHRASEMES

The usage of phrasemes evidences not only their variability, transformations and modifications, but also the most frequent forms of their realization (phraseme-types) and frequency (phraseme-tokens), i.e. phrasemes’ flexibility. In this paper, selected Lithuanian idiomatic predicate phrasemes are analysed in the Corpus of Contemporary Lithuanian Language, in the Phraseological Dictionary and in the lexical database of the Dictionary of Lithuanian Phrases. The results of comparison show that the corpus research can give rich evidence about the morphological flexibility of phrasemes. This information can help to improve representation of phrasemes in the phraseological dictionaries of Lithuanian, in order to make them more usage-based and more usage-oriented. KEY WORDS: phraseme, corpus, phraseme-type, phraseme-token, variability, flexibility. DOI: http://dx.doi. org/10.15181/ rh.v0i16. 1016
ANALYSIS OF SWITCHED CAPACITOR MULTILEVEL INVERTER USING ALTERNATIVE PHASE OPPOSITION DISPOSITION PWM TECHNIQUE FOR VARIABLE FREQUENCY DRIVES

Using parallel-series converter in as DC Power supply appliance gives a good opportunity to maintain stable supply while the load is changing. In this work, a new step up switched capacitor multilevel inverter is proposed. It consists of two parts such as a switched capacitor circuit and a full bridge inverter which are connected in parallel. Here a small input voltage can be used to produce a boosted output voltage. Number of switches used is very less compared to the conventional inverter. The multilevel dc output voltage of the circuit in the first part becomes the input of the circuit in the second part, resulting in a stepped voltage waveform. Such waveform is close to a sinusoidal and its harmonic content also very less compared to the conventional multilevel inverter by using the Alternative Phase Opposition Disposition (APOD) PWM control strategy. This inverter outputs larger voltage than the input voltage by switching the capacitors in series and in parallel. The maximum output voltage is determined by the number of the capacitors. Unlike the conventional inverters, this topology does not uses a complicated control scheme or isolated dc sources. Also output frequency can be varied by varying the modulating signal frequency. In this paper, the circuit configuration, the theoretical operation, the simulation results with MATLAB/SIMULINK. Keywords— Multilevel Inverter, charge Pump, Charging, Single DC Source, Switched Capacitor
Assessing the Social Impacts of Regional Services: The Case of a Portuguese Municipality

In recent years, the social economy is increasingly seen as a viable means to address social problems. Social enterprises, as well as public projects and initiatives targeted to meet social purposes, offer organizational models that assume heterogeneity, flexibility and adaptability to the ‘real world and real problems’. Despite the growing popularity of social initiatives, decision makers still face a paucity in what concerns the available models and tools to adequately assess its sustainability, and its impacts, notably the nature of its contribution to economic growth. This study was carried out at the local level, by analyzing the social impact initiatives and projects promoted by the Municipality of Albergaria-a-Velha (Câmara Municipal de Albergaria-a-Velha -CMA), a municipality of 25,000 inhabitants in the central region of Portugal. This work focuses on the challenges related to the qualifications and employability of citizens, which stands out as one of the key concerns in the Portuguese economy, particularly expressive in the context of small-scale cities and inland territories. The study offers a characterization of the Municipality, its socio-economic structure and challenges, followed by an exploratory analysis of multiple sourced data, collected from the CMA's documental sources as well as from privileged informants. The purpose is to conduct detailed analysis of the CMA's social projects, aimed at characterizing its potential impact for the model of qualifications and employability of the citizens of the Municipality. The study encompasses a discussion of the socio-economic profile of the municipality, notably its asymmetries, the analysis of the social projects and initiatives, as well as of data derived from inquiry actors involved in the implementation of the social projects and its beneficiaries. Finally, the results obtained with the Better Life Index will be included. This study makes it possible to ascertain if what is implicit in the literature goes to the encounter of what one experiences in reality. Keywords—Measurement, municipalities, social economy, social impact.
Toxoplasma gondii and Schizophrenia: A Relationship That Is Not Ruled Out

Over recent years, it has been proposed that some diseases of unknown origin, such as schizophrenia, may be caused by persistent chronic infections coupled with a genetic component and may be perpetuated by the immune system. This hypothesis is supported by epidemiological and biological evidence on the exposure of schizophrenics to infec‐ tious diseases during prenatal or postnatal periods, including Toxoplasma gondii , chla‐ mydia, human herpes virus, human endogenous retroviruses, parvovirus B19, mumps, and flu viruses. This growing list of microbes will undoubtedly continue to increase in the future. Linking infection to schizophrenia is a complex challenge that requires further experimental and epidemiological research. T. gondii is the infectious agent that has most frequently been related to neuropsychiatric disorders, including schizophrenia, and it is considered to represent a highly useful model to analyze the influence of a microorgan ‐ ism on human behavior and the development of psychiatric disease. It may also help to detect patient subpopulations susceptible to treatment with specific antimicrobials by improving definition of the differential phenotype of the disease, and it offers the possibility of a preventive approach.
LPV Control for Robust Attenuation of Non-stationary Sinusoidal Disturbances with Measurable Frequencies

Abstract Attenuation of sinusoidal disturbances with uncertain and arbitrarily time-varying, yet online measurable frequencies is considered. The disturbances are modeled as the outputs of an autonomous exogenous system, whose system matrix depends on some uncertain parameters and is skew-symmetric for all admissible parameter values. A procedure is then developed for the synthesis of an observer-based controller that uses the online measurements of the uncertain parameters to guarantee a desired level of attenuation at steady-state in the face of all admissible parameter variations. The controller is scheduled by the measurements of the uncertain parameters as well as the matrix-valued outputs of a unit that is also scheduled on the uncertain parameters. The synthesis procedure is based on solving a convex optimization problem in which the variables are subject to a set of parameter-dependent matrix inequality constraints, which can be relaxed into finitely many linear matrix inequalities. The procedure also provides options for improving the transient response.
Linear pressure waves in bubbly liquids: Comparison between theory and experiments

Recent work has rendered possible the formulation of a rigorous model for the propagation of pressure waves in bubbly liquids. The derivation of this model is reviewed heuristically, and the predictions for the small‐amplitude case are compared with the data sets of several investigators. The data concern the phase speed, attenuation, and transmission coefficient through a layer of bubbly liquid. It is found that the model works very well up to volume fractions of 1%–2% provided that bubble resonances play a negligible role. Such is the case in a mixture of many bubble sizes or, when only one or a few sizes are present, away from the resonant frequency regions for these sizes. In the presence of resonance effects, the accuracy of the model is severely impaired. Possible reasons for the failure of the model in this case are discussed.
Valuing the benefits from health care interventions using life satisfaction data

This paper uses life satisfaction data to calculate the extent to which individuals are willing to trade money for improvements in their health status. Using a large nationally representative survey in the UK, I showthat the amount of extra equivalent household income to make someone with a health condition, as well off in terms of life satisfaction as someone without the health condition, ranges from a low of Â£4,235 per annum for impairments associated with asthma to a high of Â£31,283 for impairments associated with congestive heart failure. These values could be used as a basis for a cost-benefit analysis of health care interventions aimed at the medical conditions examined. Relative to previous work, I address a number of critical empirical challenges when it comes to using this compensating income variation approach for determining the monetary value of a health improvement. First, I address the issue of income endogeneity in life satisaction by instrumenting income with the educational status of respondentsâ€™ parents. Second, I control for the potentially confounding role of personality differences by including a measure of the Big Five personality traits in the micro-econometirc analysis of life satisfaction.
The Prospects of Capital Markets in Central and Eastern Europe

The picture of the securities exchanges and financial sectors in CEE countries is still relatively unfavorable. The CEE securities exchanges – with the only exception of the Warsaw Stock Exchange – are, in comparison with their western counterparts, underdeveloped and less important for the domestic economies in general and for corporate finance in particular. The CEE securities exchanges are under pressure for several reasons and should change their form of (international) organization to ensure future success. Stronger international integration of the exchanges could also improve the integration of CEE companies into international capital markets.
A comparison of EISCAT and SuperDARN F-region measurements with consideration of the refractive index in the scattering volume

[1] Gillies et al. (2009) proposed the use of interferometric measurements of the angle of arrival as a proxy for the scattering region refractive index ns needed to estimate the line‐of‐sight Doppler velocity of the ionospheric plasma from HF [Super Dual Auroral Radar Network (SuperDARN)] radar observations. This study continues this work by comparing measurements of line‐of‐sight velocities by SuperDARN with tristatic velocity measurements by the EISCAT incoherent scatter radar from 1995 to 1999. From a statistical viewpoint, velocities measured by SuperDARN were lower than velocities measured by EISCAT. This can, at least partially, be explained by the neglect in the SuperDARN analysis of the lower‐than‐unity refractive index of the scattering structures. The elevation angle measured by SuperDARN was used as a proxy estimate of ns and this improved the comparison, but the velocities measured by SuperDARN were still lower. Other estimates of ns using electron densities Ne based on both EISCAT measurements and International Reference Ionosphere model values did not increase the SuperDARN velocities enough to attain the EISCAT values. It is proposed that dense structures that were of comparable size to the SuperDARN scattering volume partially help resolve the low‐velocity issue. These dense, localized structures would provide the Ne gradients required for generation of the coherent irregularities from which the SuperDARN radar waves scatter, whereas EISCAT incoherent radar measurements provide only the background Ne and not the density of the small‐scale structures. The low‐velocity SuperDARN results suggest that small‐scale dense structures with refractive indices well below unity must exist within the SuperDARN scattering volume and may contribute greatly to the scattering process.
Origin of Corona-Dominated Topographic Rises on Venus

Abstract Both large-scale mantle upwellings, comparable to terrestrial hotspots on Earth, and smaller scale mantle upwellings, known as coronae, occur on Venus. Corona-dominated rises have many of the characteristics of large-scale mantle upwellings, or hotspots, such as broad topographic rises greater than 1000 km in diameter and large positive gravity anomalies. Due to the presence of clusters of three to eight coronae, three large volcanic rises (or hotspots) on Venus have been classified as corona-dominated rises (CDRs): Themis, Eastern Eistla, and Central Eistla Regiones. CDRs have been interpreted to result from the break-up of a large-scale plume. Comparison of the topographic morphology for individual coronae at Themis and Eastern Eistla Region to a model of corona evolution indicate that they are in varying stages of evolution. At Eastern Eistla Regio all the coronae have essentially the same topographic morphology, consistent with a late stage of evolution and the presence of a depleted mantle layer at depth. The complex deformation sequences and stratigraphic relationships both between coronae and with respect to the regional plains observed at all three rises indicate a prolonged origin. This observation, as well as the varying stages of evolution, rule out the previously proposed interpretation of corona-dominated rises as a manifestation of the break-up of a large-scale mantle upwelling, which requires essentially simultaneous formation of the coronae. Instead we suggest that other large topographic rises are the manifestation of deep mantle plumes, likely to originate at the core–mantle boundary, and that CDRs are clusters of coronae that originate at a shallower interface, perhaps at an upper–lower mantle boundary. Using top- and bottom-loading flexural models to fit the gravity/topography admittance spectrum for each of the three CDRs yields elastic thickness estimates that are 10–15 km greater for bottom-loading at longer wavelengths than top-loading at shorter wavelengths. Estimates of elastic thickness assuming top-loading are 10, 12, and 22 km and 20, 25, and 35 km from bottom-loading for Eastern Eistla, Central Eistla, and Themis Regiones, respectively. We believe that the bottom-loading elastic thickness estimates are more reliable because using a top-loading model when both types of loading are present yields an unrealistically low elastic thickness estimate. As there is no obvious source of surface loading at either Themis or at Eastern Eistla, we interpret the top-loading admittance signature to be a result of delamination of the lower lithosphere depressing the surface, which is consistent with the observed coronae morphologies.
Exchange Rate Volatility and Export Performance of Tea Firms in Kenya

The problem of exchange rate volatility has for many years given rise to a relentless debate in the field of economics and to the finance professions in many parts of the world. In Kenya, the subject has been at the centre of current economic policy debate for the past decades, involving policymakers, the business community, academicians and or researchers and the business press at large. It is therefore from these continuous agitations from different corners of the business word that this study is purposed to empirically establish the effect of Exchange rate volatility and on export performance of Tea firms managed by Kenya Tea Development Agency in Kenya with specific interest being to determine the magnitude at which foreign exchange rate affects export performance of tea firms in Kenya, to examine the level at which tea substitute prices affect export performance of tea firms in Kenya and toestablish the degree at which domestic tea prices affect export performance of tea firms in Kenya. This study was therefore governed by positivism research philosophy characterized by the testing of hypothesis developed from existing theory through measurement of observable social realities. This study adopted a census approach where secondary average monthly means for the 54 (fifty-four) tea firms was collected fora period of five years (January 2008 to December 2012). The results in this study indicated that exchange rate volatility and domestic tea prices weresome of the variables that influence export performance of tea firmsin Kenya to the world markets. However, the tea substitute’s prices did not influence the export performance of tea firms to the importing countries. The study further realised interdependence between exchange rate stability, macroeconomic stability and export performance and hence policy makers needs to consider the existing degree and likely effects of exchange rate volatility while designing, developing and implementing trade policies.
Rings, circles, and null-models for point pattern analysis in ecology

A large number of methods for the analysis of point pattern data have been developed in a wide range of scientific fields. First-order statistics describe large-scale variation in the intensity of points in a study region, whereas second-order characteristics are summary statistics of all point-to-point distances in a mapped area and offer the potential for detecting both different types and scales of patterns. Second-order analysis based on Ripley's K-function is increasingly used in ecology to characterize spatial patterns and to develop hypothesis on underlying processes; however, the full range of available methods has seldomly been applied by ecologists. The aim of this paper is to provide guidance to ecologists with limited experience in second-order analysis to help in the choice of appropriate methods and to point to practical difficulties and pitfalls. We review (1) methods for analytical and numerical implementation of two complementary second-order statistics, Ripley's K and the O-ring statistic, (2) methods for edge correction, (3) methods to account for first-order effects (i.e. heterogeneity) of univariate patterns, and (4) a variety of useful standard and non-standard null models for univariate and bivariate patterns. For illustrative purpose, we analyze examples that deal with non-homogeneous univariate point patterns. We demonstrate that large-scale heterogeneity of a point-pattern biases Ripley's K-function at smaller scales. This bias is difficult to detect without explicitly testing for homogeneity, but we show that it can be removed when applying methods that account for first-order effects. We synthesize our review in a number of step-by-step recommendations that guide the reader through the selection of appropriate methods and we provide a software program that implements most of the methods reviewed and developed here.
Effect of Pineapple Pulp on Sensory Quality and Shelf-life of Pineapple Cake

The experimental study on performance formulation and analysis of pineapple pulp fortified cake considering physical, chemical, sensorial and microbial quality. Cake was fortified with 5%, 10%, 15% and 20% pineapple pulp incorporated into wheat flour. The pineapple pulps used in the cake preparation were analyzed for proximate composition. The physical and chemical properties of cakes were analyzed. Quantitive microbial analysis of food samples were done on the basis of total viable count. Bacterial load range from 1.22×10 2 (cfug-1) to 9.54×10 3 (cfug -1 ) on different storage condition. Zero present pineapple pulp incorporated cake sample showed the highest microbial load 9.54×10 3 (cfug -1 ). Total fungal count ranged from 0.97×10 2 to 5.04×10 3 (cfug -1 )on different storage conditions. Fortified cake with 10% pineapple pulp contains lowest amount of fungi and bacteria after 8 days. So its shelf life will be enhanced about 6-7 days. Further 5%, 15%, and 20% pineapple pulp incorporated cake sample contain high microbial load, hence they will get shelf life of 5-6 days. Fortification of cake with 5%, 10%, 15%, 20%, pineapple pulp increasedthe value of ash, fiber and moisture in comparing with control cake. The statistical analysis of organoleptic test response of sensory attributes revealed that color, flavor, texture and overall acceptability were decreased with the increase of pineapple pulp in the cake formulation.Symmetry, crust and crumb quality, crust color and consistency,color,texture of the crumb and microbial load of the cakes containing 10% pulp were better than those of cakes containing above 10% pineapple pulp. J. Environ. Sci. & Natural Resources, 8(1): 7-11 2015
Practical approach for model based slicing

Software testing is an activity that will aim at evaluating an attribute or capability of system and determine that whether it meets required expectations. Test cases can be designed at model level of software development. But to visualize the software model or architecture is difficult due to its large and complex structure. We have presented a novel methodology to extract the sub-model from model diagrams correspond to point of interest to ease the software visualization. The proposed methodology use the concept of model based slicing to slice the sequence diagram to extract the desired chunk. Keywords - Software Testing, Sequence diagram, Model based slicing.
FNAC of head & neck lesions and its utility in clinical diagnosis: a study of 290 cases â€œ -

ABSTRACT Background: FNAC (Fine Needle Aspiration Cytology) is a well accepted technique and plays an important role in early diagnosis of head and neck lesions. It is a safe and inexpensive outdoor procedure. Material and methods: This was a retrospective observational study of 290 cases of FNACs done on head and neck swellings performed as an outdoor procedure over a 26-month period from January 2011 to February 2013.Results: Aspirates from head and neck lesions in this study were largely from lymph nodes i.e. 185(64.1%), followed by thyroid lesions 49(16.9%), 21 cases were malignant. The largest subgroup among lymph node was of granulomatous lymphadenitis comprising of 91 cases. Out of 290 cases in this study, histopathological correlation was available in 74/290 (25.51%) cases only and was consistent with the cytological diagnoses in 68(91.8%) cases and inconsistent in 6(8.2%) cases, Conclusion: FNAC serves as a guide to the appropriate therapeutic management whether to locally excise a benign tumor or plan radical surgery and helps as an adjunct to histopathology.