Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Perfectly Subcritical Gravity Currents

This thesis describes an investigation of gravity currents, which are buoyancy-driven horizontal fluid flows. In particular this work reports upon a series of laboratory experiments and complementary (two-dimensional) direct numerical simulations that explore the lock release of a fixed volume of dense fluid into a two-layer density-stratified ambient. By initial condition, the lock release experiments/simulations fall into one of two categories: full-depth and partial-depth. The particular focus of this thesis is on the “tailwaters” limiting case where the lock fluid density matches that of the lower ambient layer. For either initial condition the front speed of the advancing lock fluid (which is termed the “internal front”) is less than that of the excited interfacial disturbances. Consequently, the internal front propagates at constant speed for less time than other features of the flow, e.g. the downstream-propagating interfacial disturbance, which is termed the dense gravity current (or GC1). Complementing GC1, there is an analogue flow of light ambient fluid into the lock, and this is referred to as the light gravity current (or GC2). Measured speeds for GC1, GC2, and the internal front are compared against analogue predictions from two-layer shallow water (SW) theory as well as a Yih-type energy analysis (C.-S. Yih. Dynamics of Nonhomogeneous Fluids. MacMillan Co., New York, 1965). From this comparison, positive agreement is noted in the case of GC1 and the internal front. Meanwhile, the speed of GC2 post reflection from the lock end wall is under-predicted by 10-20% depending on the initial depth of dense fluid within the lock. This under-prediction is believed to result from a mismatch between where
Burkitts lymphoma Associated with HIV Infection

Non-Hodgkin lymphoma of the B-cell type is the second most common neoplasm in patients with human immunodeficiency virus infection after Kaposi's sarcoma. The majority of the cases of non-Hodgkin lymphoma associated with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome involve extranodal sites, specially the digestive tract, including the oral cavity and the central nervous system. The estimated relative risk of NHL associated HIV infection is 100 times greater than in general population and this risk increases with the progressive immunosuppression related to the retrovirus Burkitt's lymphoma has frequently been reported as a neoplasm in HIV infected patients. These lymphomas are now better designed as AIDS-related BL.
Low-Profile Wideband and High-Gain LTCC Patch Antenna Array for 60 GHz Applications

This communication presents a low-profile wideband and high-gain patch antenna array using low-temperature cofired ceramics (LTCCs) fabrication technique for 60 GHz applications. A coupled feeding scheme is adopted so that the antenna achieves wide impedance bandwidth that covers the entire 60 GHz license-free band with a height of only 0.384 mm (four tape layers). The shorting via connecting the upper patch and ground achieves the function of a virtual ac ground plane of differential feeding. This enables the antenna element to achieve good radiation performances, including stable gain (variation less than 1 dB) and a symmetrical beam with low cross-polarization over the entire frequency band. The performances of the antenna element are comparable to that of the differential-driven patch antenna while the complex differential feeding network is not required. Furthermore, the proposed antenna element with simple and easy-to-integrate geometry is successfully extended to a $4 \times 4$ antenna array using a substrate integrated waveguide (SIW)-based feeding network. The measured results show that the impedance bandwidth of the array covers the 60 GHz license-free band. The maximum gain can reach 16.7 dBi and the radiation performances are very stable over the operating frequency band.
Improved results on the stability analysis of linear neutral systems with delay decay approach

In this paper, the investigation of the asymptotical stability of linear neutral systems with time‐varying delay has been presented. In order to achieve the desired results, the integral inequality approach was used to express relationships between terms of Newton‐Leibniz formula technique and was constructed an appropriate Lyapunov‐Krasovskii functional. By improving a delay decay approach, the stability criteria for the zero solution of system were formulated as linear matrix inequalities (LMIs) which can be easily solved. Two numerical examples have been given to show the applicability of established assumptions and the effectiveness of proposed method by MATLAB‐Simulink.
ANALISIS RANTAI PASOK JAGUNG (Studi Kasus Pada Rantai Pasok Jagung Hibrida ( Zea Mays ) Di Kelurahan Cicurug Kecamatan Majalengka Kabupaten Majalengka)

Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah menganalisis kondisi rantai pasok jagung di Kelurahan Cicurug menggunakan kerangka Food Supply Chain Network ( FSCN), menganalisis kinerja rantai pasok jagung di Kelurahan Cicurug, yang dilakukan oleh para anggota rantai pasok di Kelurahan Cicurug. Metode yang digunakan adalah metode deskriptif kualitatif dan kuantitatif, yaitu penelitan dengan cara mendeskripsikan keadaan di lapangan dari sejumlah individu yang di wawancara secara langsung. yang dijadikan sampel dengan menggunakan kuisioner. Teknik penarikan responden yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah snowball sampling , dimana peneliti menggunakan metode ini secara sengaja dalam menentukan responden jumlahnya bisa kurang atau lebih banyak dari anggota rantai pasok ini dianggap sesuai dalam memberikan informasi yang diperlukan sesuai dengan kriteria tertentu yang diinginkan peneliti. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa kondisi rantai pasok jagung di Kelurahan Cicurug belum berjalan dengan baik. Sasaran pasar memiliki target yang jelas namun terdapat permasalahan dalam optimalisasi sasaran rantai pasok, yaitu petani tidak ditunjang dengan pengetahuan mengenai kualitas jagung yang baik. Pengukuran kinerja rantai pasok yang dilakukan dengan pendekatan efisiensi pemasaran menunjukan bahwa rantai pasok masih belum mencapai kinerja optimal, satu dari dua saluran pemasaran memiliki nilai rasio biaya dan keuntungan rendah walaupun marjin dan farmer’s share bernilai tinggi.
Roof Classification From 3-D LiDAR Point Clouds Using Multiview CNN With Self-Attention

Classification of light detection and ranging (LiDAR) point clouds of building roofs plays a vital role in various urban management applications and is significant in geographic information systems (GISs) and remote sensing. In this letter, a novel deep learning-based method is proposed for classifying roof point clouds, which outperforms the state-of-the-art methods. We use a view-based method called a multiview convolutional neural network with self-attention (MVCNN-SA), which takes the multiple views of a roof point cloud as input and outputs the category of the roof. Current view-based approaches treat all views equally and simply combine the view features into a single compact 3-D descriptor. Our adaptive weight-learning algorithm, which uses the SA block, discovers the relative importance of each view, thus assigning relative weights to the views. This enhances the shape descriptor, resulting in better classification performance. The effectiveness of the proposed method is then verified on the publicly available data set—RoofN3D—by comparing it with the current state-of-the-art methods.
SEBARAN SPASIAL EMISI GAS KARBON DIOKSIDA (CO2) PADA KAWASAN PERMUKIMAN DI KECAMATAN SINGKIL KOTA MANADO

Saat ini Kota Manado menjadi kota yang memiliki aktivitas permukiman padat penduduk, dengan rata-rata laju pertumbuhan sebesar 1,3% per tahun (BPS Kota Manado, 2018) hingga menyebabkan penurunan kualitas udara. Penggunaan bahan bakar untuk memasak merupakan salah satu penyumbang emis gas karbon dioksida (CO2) pada sektor permukiman yang menyebabkan menurunnya kualitas udara. Wilayah penelitian berada di kawasan permukiman Kecamatan Singkil sebagai salah satu Kecamatan dengan tingkat pertumbuhan penduduk yang cukup signifikan di Kota Manado. Tujuan penelitian untuk menentukan faktor emisi spesifik (FES) serta menganalisis sebaran emisi CO2 dan melakukan pemetaan tingkat emisi CO2 pada kawasan permukiman Kecamatan Singkil Kota Manado. Penelitian ini menggunakan jenis data dan analisis kuantitatif kemudian dilakukan perhitungan menggunakan metode yang dikeluarkan Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) dengan mengetahui terlebih dahulu besaran penggunaan bahan bakar untuk memasak tiap tahunnya serta menghitung besaran emisi CO2 dari penggunaan bahan bakar untuk memasak setiap Kelurahan, kemudian menentukan faktor emisi spesifik (FES) yang diharapkan nilai dari FES tersebut dapat digunakan untuk menghitung estimasi jejak karbon, setelah diketahui emisi jejak karbon setiap kelurahan, kemudian dilakukan pemetaan tingkat emisi karbon dioksida (CO2) agar penyebaran jejak karbon tersebut dapat terlihat mana wilayah yang menyumbang emisi karbon dioksida tertinggi, sedang, dan terendah. Karakteristik bahan bakar yang digunakan untuk memasak pada lokasi penelitian adalah LPG, Minyak Tanah dan Kayu Bakar, yang penggunaan pertahunnya sebesar 83.752 kg/tahun dengan nilai emisi CO2 terhadap penggunaan bahan bakar untuk memasak sebesar 238 ton/tahun. FES tertinggi berada di Kelurahan Singkil Satu sebesar 0,6492 ton/tahun dan diikuti kelurahan lainnya. Hasil perhitungan nilai jejak karbon di Kecamatan Singkil sebesar 8.837,71 ton CO2/tahun. Kata Kunci: Spasial, Emisi Karbon Dioksida (CO2), Kawasan Permukiman.
Design and analysis of a graphene-based Tera-Hertz antenna with lower complexities

A graphene based rectangular patch antenna is designed at . 979 THz with a return loss of -20 & VSWR of 2.1. A comparison of patch between graphene & its counterparts is investigated & found the superiority of graphene over PEC & Copper. This type of patch antenna can be used for future THz brain imaging.
An analytical correction to Amiet’s solution of airfoil leading-edge noise in non-uniform mean flows

Gust/turbulence–leading edge interaction is a significant source of airfoil broadband noise. An approach often used to predict the sound is based on Amiet’s flat-plate solution. Analytical studies have been conducted to investigate the influences of airfoil geometries, non-uniform mean flows and turbulence statistics, which, however, were often too convoluted. In this work, the problem is revisited by proposing simple corrections to the standard flat-plate solution to account for the effect of non-uniform mean flows of real airfoils. A key step in the method is to use a new space–time transformation that is analogous to the Prandtl–Glauert transformation to simplify the sound governing equation with spatially varying coefficients to a classical wave equation, which is then solved using the Schwarzschild technique as in Amiet’s solution. The impacts of Mach number, wavenumber and airfoil geometry on the prediction accuracy are investigated for both single-frequency and broadband cases, and the results are compared against high-fidelity simulations. It predicts the sound reduction by the airfoil thickness, and reveals that the reduction is caused by the non-uniform streamwise velocity. The limitations of the model are discussed and the approximation errors are estimated. In general, the prediction error increases with the airfoil thickness, the sound frequency and the flow Mach number. Nevertheless, in all cases studied in this work, the proposed correction can effectively improve the prediction accuracy of the flat-plate solution much more efficiently compared to numerical solutions of the Euler equations using computational aeroacoustics.
Origami-Layer-Jamming Deployable Surgical Retractor With Variable Stiffness and Tactile Sensing

Origami-based flexible, compliant, and bio-inspired robots are believed to permit a range of medical applications within confined environments. In this article, we experimentally demonstrated an origami-inspired deployable surgical retractor with the controllable stiffness mechanism that can facilitate safer instrument–tissue interaction in comparison to their rigid counterparts. When controllable negative-pressure is applied to the jammed origami retractor module, it becomes more rigid, increasing its strength. To quantify origami-modules strength further, we demonstrated performances of retractor based on the Daler–Rowney Canford paper (38 grams per square meter (gsm)) and sandpaper of 1000 grit. Experiments on the proposed retractor prototype elucidated sandpaper-based retractor can outperform paper-38-gsm retractor for facelift incision with the width of more than 9 cm. Though 38 gsm Canford paper comprised of thin layers, 16 times lesser in thickness than sandpaper, experiments proved its comparable layer jamming (LJ) performance. We leverage the advantage of the LJ mechanism to tune retractor stiffness, allowing the instrument to hold and separate a facelift incision to mitigate the likelihood of surgical complications. The retractor is equipped with a custom-made printed conductive ink-based fabric piezoresistive tactile sensor to assist clinicians with tissue-retractor interaction force information. The proposed sensor showed a linear relationship with the applied force and has a sensitivity of 0.833 N−1. Finally, cadaver experiments exhibit an effective origami-inspired surgical retractor for assisting surgeons and clinicians in the near future.
Krankenstand und Präsentismus als betriebliche Gesundheitsindikatoren

Krankheitsbedingte Fehlzeiten in Unternehmen werden im Rahmen des betrieblichen Gesundheitsmanagements häufig als Gesundheitsindikatoren der Belegschaft herangezogen. In einer Querschnittserhebung bei einer Zufallsstichprobe von pflichtversicherten Arbeitnehmer/innen in Oberösterreich (n = 930) zeigt sich jedoch, dass der subjektive Gesundheitszustand von Arbeitnehmer/innen deutlich besser durch Präsentismushäufigkeiten (arbeiten trotz Krankheit) als durch Fehlzeiten prognostiziert werden kann. Präsentismus ist im Vergleich zu Krankenstand stärker mit Magen-Darm-Beschwerden, Muskel-Skelett-Beschwerden, Migräne sowie psychischen Beschwerden assoziiert, welche zugleich wichtige Determinanten der Gesundheitseinschätzung darstellen. Personen entscheiden sich im Krankheitsfall generell und bei Migräne und psychischen Beschwerden im Besonderen häufiger für Präsentismus als für Krankenstand. Speziell bei geringen Krankenstandshäufigkeiten sollten Krankenstandsstatistiken durch Schätzungen der Präsentismushäufigkeiten ergänzt werden. Es ist davon auszugehen, dass insbesondere der psychische Gesundheitszustand besser durch Präsentismus als durch Fehlzeiten abgeschätzt werden kann.
Multi-Objective Sparse Subspace Clustering for Hyperspectral Imagery

Hyperspectral images (HSIs) are typical high-dimensional and complex data. As such, the clustering of HSIs is a challenging task. Out of the motivation to find the low-dimensional structure representation of the high-dimensional data, sparse subspace clustering (SSC) methods have been proposed in recent studies. Sparse representation is an important technique in SSC, which is aimed at obtaining the sparse coefficient matrix of the HSI data. Generally speaking, the acquisition of the sparse coefficient matrix is an ill-posed problem, and the existing methods introduce an extra condition as a regularization term to resolve it. However, the regularization parameter is determined manually, which is difficult and lacks self-adaptability. Hence, in this article, a multi-objective SSC method for hyperspectral imagery is proposed, which simultaneously optimizes the sparse term and the data fidelity term. In addition, the spatial structure information of the HSIs is often neglected in the processing model, and thus, a spatial prior term, as the third optimization objective function, is also tested in this article. As a result, there is no need to manually set a regularization parameter. Furthermore, by using the $l_{0}$ norm as the sparse term, this reduces the error caused by the convex relaxation of the other norms. In the proposed method, a multi-objective optimization model is first used to acquire the sparse coefficient matrix, in which a strategy for constructing the dictionary is proposed for more precise and efficient multi-objective optimization. In addition, a knee point-based selection method is utilized to automatically select the optimal sparse representation solution from the Pareto front. The adjacency matrix is then constructed according to the sparse coefficient matrix. Finally, a spectral clustering method is used to obtain clustering results. Experiments undertaken with four HSI data sets confirm the effectiveness of the proposed method.
Reconfigurable Dual-Beam Lensing Utilizing an EBG-Based Anisotropic Impedance Surface

An anisotropic impedance surface based on electromagnetic bandgap (EBG) theory is proposed to produce reconfigurable dual-beam radiation through surface-wave (SW) lensing by controlling SW propagation across the surface-to-air interface. The reconfiguration of the lensing effect is triggered by switching between 4.0- and 4.5-GHz frequencies, utilizing the anisotropy of the impedance surface created from two mutually exclusive EBGs along the two orthogonal spaces. The bandgaps are formed by a periodic arrangement of two different split-ring resonators (SRRs) with bandgaps at around 4.0 and 4.5 GHz along the orthogonal <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$y$ </tex-math></inline-formula>- and <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$x$ </tex-math></inline-formula>-axes, respectively, producing a strong axially symmetric anisotropy. As a result, a surface-bound wave, i.e., both transverse electric (TE) and transverse magnetic (TM), faces asymmetric propagation reluctance toward these two directions one of which is very high compared to the other at frequencies around the individual bandgaps of the unit cells. The proposed impedance surface is designed and simulated using commercial electromagnetic simulation software and then fabricated and measured to validate the model.
Real-Valued Sparse Bayesian Learning Approach for Massive MIMO Channel Estimation

This letter describes a real-valued sparse Bayesian learning (SBL) approach for massive multiple-input multipleoutput (MIMO) downlink channel estimation. The main idea of the approach is to introduce a certain unitary transformation into pilots, so as to convert complex-valued channel recovery problems into real ones. Due to exploiting the real-valued structure of the data matrices, the new approach brings a significant decrease in computational complexity, as well as a good noise suppression. Simulation results demonstrate that the new method can reduce the computation load and improve the channel estimation performance simultaneously.
Spectrum selection for imaging polarization sensor

Polarization sensor is a device to perceive the polarization information of skylight in polarization navigation. And imaging polarization sensor is better than the multi-channel point sensor for the advantages of wide field, large data redundancy and strong robustness. But the polarization patterns of skylight in different spectrums are different, which would represent different symmetry and structural similarity to the Rayleigh model. Meanwhile, the detectors inside have different responses in different spectrums. Therefore, the spectrum selection in the process of designing an imaging polarization sensor is an important issue. In this paper, we quantitatively evaluate the spectrum for imaging polarization sensor under the different sky conditions by two indexes: structural similarity (SSIM) index and symmetry error index. The result shows that wavelength shorter than 514nm has both higher structural similarity and symmetry in the visible spectrum. In other words, the imaging polarization sensor works better in the short-band spectrum.
Bipolar charge transport model to estimate charging and degradation processes in electron-beam-irradiated LDPE films

Improvement of the performances of dielectric materials subjected to electrical stresses is one of the challenging objectives in a large number of domains of industrial applications. Achieving this goal requires a better understanding of the physical processes governing the behavior of dielectrics and their long-term degradation. The present paper proposes the coupling of a fluid-type charge transport model to reproduce the space-charge behavior and original experimental data using electron beam irradiation to try to unravel the contributions of charging processes from material degradation in the dielectric response. The charge transport model has been developed using Comsol Multiphysics© and adapted to electron-beam irradiation. Hence, it takes into account the physical processes linked to e-beam irradiation. The model globally reproduces most of the experimental characteristics measured experimentally. It seems that the specific behavior observed experimentally comes from space charge, although conclusions on the model parameterization show that chemical modification could also take place.
Orientation-Insensitive and Normalization-Free Reading Chipless RFID System Based on Circular Polarization Interrogation

A novel normalization-free reading scheme to recover data encoded in chipless radio frequency identification (RFID) tags is presented. The proposed approach exploits the circular polarization to isolate the field scattered by the tag from that of surrounding objects. The desired polarization mismatch is achieved by exploiting the properties of high-impedance surfaces that can suitably manipulate the reflected field. A thorough analysis of the interaction between the circularly polarized (CP) interrogation and the field scattered by the chipless RFID tag as well as the hosting platform is provided. The proposed method does not require any a priori calibration if a reading antenna with a suitable axial ratio is available. More importantly, the CP-based reading approach guarantees the correct tag detection regardless of the tag orientation. The case of the tag mounted on metallic platform is also analyzed and it is demonstrated that the circular polarization reading procedure is robust under the hypothesis of a proper axial ratio of the probing antennas. The minimum requirements of axial ratio are derived by using a theoretical model. Measurements confirmed the speculations obtained through the theoretical analysis both in the case of low-scattering items as well as for metallic platforms.
A Sparse Dimensionality Reduction Approach Based on False Nearest Neighbors for Nonlinear Fault Detection

As a newly emerging multivariate statistical process monitoring method, non-negative matrix factorization (NMF) and its variants avoid the positive and negative cancellations between the extracted features because of the purely additive combination of non-negative components. Thus, they make a good match with this reality that the negative values of both observations and decomposed components are physically meaningless in many kinds of industrial processes. However, these methods are effective only for linearly separable problems and are not suitable for dealing with nonlinear process monitoring. In this article, the kernel-based method is integrated into the projective NMF (KPNMF) to improve the accuracy of fault detection, and the appropriate multiplicative update method is proven to be convergent. Furthermore, inspired by the false nearest neighbors (FNNs) method, a new dimensionality reduction approach (KPNMF-FNN) is presented to further reduce the original variables for determining the smallest dimension regression vector needed. Compared with the traditional methods, the proposed approach can greatly reduce the time and storage space required on the premise of maintaining a high fault detection rate and low false alarm rate. The experimental results on the Tennessee Eastman benchmark process and the pumping unit system show that the proposed algorithms have excellent performance and can effectively detect faults under the circumstances of retaining only the top 60% of the original variables.