Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Feasibility Study: Autonomous State Estimation in Distribution Systems

We propose an autonomous state estimation based on robotic concepts and advanced state estimation methods. An autonomous, intelligent monitoring infrastructure is proposed that reliably and automatically detects devices as they are plugged-in or -out; it identifies changes in system state and automatically updates the real-time model of the system. The real-time model is used for control, operation, and optimization of the system via application software that are not addressed in this paper. The proposed infrastructure uses modern intelligent electronic devices (IEDs) named universal monitoring protection and control units (UMPCUs) that are capable of handling three key data sets for the component that they are attached to: 1) connectivity, 2) device model, and 3) measurements. The connectivity data represent the connecting points where a device is connected to the power grid, the device model data provide the mathematical model of the device as an object, and the measurements provide the numeric values of physical quantities such as voltages and currents captured by the data acquisition system. This paper describes a feasibility study of the proposed infra structure on a scaled-down three-substation power system laboratory setup. Performance metrics are provided that quantify total time latencies on IEC61850 implementation.
Neurologic complications of immune checkpoint inhibitors.

PURPOSE OF REVIEW In recent years, advances in the understanding of the regulatory mechanisms of the immune system has led to the development of new approaches for cancer treatment. Currently, immune checkpoint inhibitors are the first successful examples of this approach and several agents that target cytotoxic lymphocyte-associated protein 4 (CTLA-4) and programmed cell death-1 (PD-1) have been approved for various oncologic situations. The aim of this review is to describe the neurologic adverse event profiles for these new immune therapeutic approaches and to discuss their appropriate management. RECENT FINDINGS The immune checkpoint inhibitor ipilimumab against CTLA-4 and nivolumab or pembrolizumab against PD-1 show a unique spectrum of toxic effects. The most common toxicities include rash, colitis, hepatitis, endocrinopathies, and pneumonitis. Neurologic side-effects are rare but include cases of immune polyneuropathies, Guillain Barré syndrome, myasthenia gravis, posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome, aseptic meningitis, enteric neuropathy, transverse myelitis as well as immune encephalitis. SUMMARY It is essential that neurologic immune-related adverse events are recognized and treated as soon as possible, as early treatment increases the odds of a complete recovery.
Oslo : manual de Oslo : directrices para la recogida e interpretación de información relativa a innovación

"La generacion, explotacion y difusion de conocimiento se considera, un factor fundamental para el crecimiento economico, el desarrollo y el bienestar de las naciones, por lo que una mejor medicion de la innovacion resulta crucial. Se han producido, a lo largo del tiempo, cambios en la naturaleza y en el panorama de la innovacion, asi como en las necesidades de indicadores para captar dichos cambios y servir de herramientas analiticas a los decisores politicos. Durante las decadas de los 80 y 90, se realizaron diversos trabajos para desarrollar modelos y marcos analiticos que permitieran estudiar la innovacion. A raiz de la experiencia acumulada con las primeras encuestas realizadas y sus resultados, y habida cuenta de la necesidad de disponer de un conjunto coherente de conceptos y herramientas, se elaboro la primera edicion del Manual de Oslo, en 1992, centrado en la innovacion tecnologica de producto y proceso (TPP) en el sector industrial. Este Manual sirvio de referencia para diversas encuestas realizadas a gran escala, con el objeto de examinar la naturaleza y los impactos de la innovacion en el sector empresarial, tales como la CIS (European Community Innovation Survey) que esta preparando actualmente su cuarto lanzamiento. Los resultados de tales encuestas hicieron posible el perfeccionamiento del propio Manual, en cuanto a conceptos, definiciones y metodologia. Estos cambios quedaron recogidos en la segunda edicion del mismo, publicada en 1997, que ampliaba, ademas, la cobertura del sector servicios. "
Mixed-level modeling for network on chip infrastructure in SoC design

We present a concise, fast, accurate, efficient mixed-level full-system based realistic application-oriented simulation platform in this paper which aims to evaluate the cycle-accurate behavior of interconnection component thus help developers to explore more optimized NoC architecture. A trace-driven transaction-level simulation environment is built to get realistic traffic patterns for interconnection. We design wrappers to translate the transaction-level traffic patterns into cycle-accurate flits. We implement routers at cycle-accurate level which use fixed five-step pipeline architectures pursuing more details in design, while implement peripherals (IP cores) at transaction-level following TLM 2.0 standard. Due to we only need to focus on the performance of interested part, that is the interconnection, under the premise of keeping the accuracy of interconnection simulation, the utilization of transaction-level models makes the peripheral modeling in full-system simulation environment more efficient, lightweight, configurable and scalable.
Costs of Phenotypic Plasticity

Phenotypically plastic organisms display alternative phenotypes in different environments. It is widely appreciated that possessing alternative phenotypes can affect fitness. However, some investigators have suggested that simply carrying the ability to be plastic could also affect fitness. Evolutionary models suggest that high costs of plasticity could constrain the evolution of optimal phenotypes. However, costs (and limits) of plasticity are primarily hypothetical. Little empirical evidence exists to show that increased plasticity leads to reduced growth and development, leads to increased developmental instability, or limits the ability of organisms to produce more extreme phenotypes. I used half‐sib families of larval wood frogs (Rana sylvatica) reared in outdoor mesocosms to examine how tadpoles altered behavioral, morphological, and life‐historical traits in response to larval dragonfly predators (Anax longipes). The predators induced lower activity and the development of relatively large tails and small bodies in wood frogs. As a result, wood frogs experienced reduced growth and development. I then examined whether tadpole sibships with higher plasticity experienced fitness costs (above and beyond the costs of expressing a particular phenotype) and whether they were limited in producing extreme phenotypes. Fitness effects of plasticity were widespread. Depending on the trait examined and the environment experienced, increased plasticity had either positive effects, negative effects, or no effects on tadpole mass, development, and survivorship. I found no relationship between increased plasticity and greater developmental instability. There was also no evidence that sibships with increased plasticity produced less extreme phenotypes; the most extreme trait states were always produced by the most plastic genotypes. This work suggests that costs of plasticity may be pervasive in nature and may substantially impact the evolution of optimal phenotypes in organisms that live in heterogeneous environments.
Fructan: more than a reserve carbohydrate?

Most plants store starch or Suc as reserve carbohydrates, but about 15% of all flowering plant species store fructans, which are linear and branched polymers of Fru. Among the plants that store fructans are many of significant economic importance, such as cereals (e.g. barley, wheat, and oat),
Structural basis for effectiveness of siderophore-conjugated monocarbams against clinically relevant strains of Pseudomonas aeruginosa

Pseudomonas aeruginosa is an opportunistic Gram-negative pathogen that causes nosocomial infections for which there are limited treatment options. Penicillin-binding protein PBP3, a key therapeutic target, is an essential enzyme responsible for the final steps of peptidoglycan synthesis and is covalently inactivated by β-lactam antibiotics. Here we disclose the first high resolution cocrystal structures of the P. aeruginosa PBP3 with both novel and marketed β-lactams. These structures reveal a conformational rearrangement of Tyr532 and Phe533 and a ligand-induced conformational change of Tyr409 and Arg489. The well-known affinity of the monobactam aztreonam for P. aeruginosa PBP3 is due to a distinct hydrophobic aromatic wall composed of Tyr503, Tyr532, and Phe533 interacting with the gem-dimethyl group. The structure of MC-1, a new siderophore-conjugated monocarbam complexed with PBP3 provides molecular insights for lead optimization. Importantly, we have identified a novel conformation that is distinct to the high-molecular-weight class B PBP subfamily, which is identifiable by common features such as a hydrophobic aromatic wall formed by Tyr503, Tyr532, and Phe533 and the structural flexibility of Tyr409 flanked by two glycine residues. This is also the first example of a siderophore-conjugated triazolone-linked monocarbam complexed with any PBP. Energetic analysis of tightly and loosely held computed hydration sites indicates protein desolvation effects contribute significantly to PBP3 binding, and analysis of hydration site energies allows rank ordering of the second-order acylation rate constants. Taken together, these structural, biochemical, and computational studies provide a molecular basis for recognition of P. aeruginosa PBP3 and open avenues for future design of inhibitors of this class of PBPs.
Generalized Predictive Direct Power Control for AC/DC converters

Predictive-Direct Power Control (P-DPC) is an attractive predictive control technique for AC/DC converters. This control strategy considers a dynamic power model of converter to forecast possible future converter behaviours. Thus, P-DPC provides an optimal switching pattern in order to directly control the active and reactive powers. Nevertheless, as will be shown in this work, this control method limits the converter operation range to a small power angle. In this work, we propose an improved P-DPC strategy, which allows one to extend the power angle operation range of an AC/DC converter while improving its power quality.
THE SPECIFICITY OF THE ANTIBODY IN PAROXYSMAL COLD HEMOGLOBINURIA (P.C.H.)

Of all the hemolytic anemias P.C. H. was the first to be recognized. The clinical symptoms of chilling followed by hemoglobinuria are well documented in the nineteenth century literature. ' In 1904 Donath and Landsteinel' published their classical paper in which they described the antibody as an autolysin, which is characterized by cold-warm lysis of the patient's own red cells. Until recently i t has been generally assumed the D-L hemolysin is a nonspecific antibody. Investigation of the specificity of P.C. H. sera was suggested when the authors identified the hemolysin in a selected group of "aborter sera" shipped from Perth, Australia, as "anti-Tj""-like, which hemolyzed all red cells PI or P? -including its own except the rare genotype p p or Tj (a ) . ' In this communication the results on sera from six patients suffering from P.C. H. are presented. Preliminary findings were reported r e ~ e n t l y . ~ The specificity of anti-Tj" (P + PI) is shown in TABLE 1 in four P.C. H. sera kindly provided by Hinz, Crookston, and Rosenfield. Reference will be made later (TABLE 4) to two additional sera submitted by van der Har t and van Loghem. For routine tests two drops of sera were incubated for one hour in the cold (5OC.) with two drops of a one per cent suspension of red cells and one or two drops fresh AB serum as a source of complement. The mixture was further incubated for one hour at 37OC. The tubes were lightly centrifuged and the degree of hemolysis was recorded, zero to four, zero indicating the absence of hemolysis and four complete hemolysis. In each case the sera hemolyzed random Tj (a+) red cells (PI or P2), but failed to hemolyze four Tj (a ) red cells of genotype p p . In these and other experiments, PI red cells were hemolyzed somewhat more strongly than Pz. Further evidence of Tj" specificity-this time by direct agglutination at 5OC-was shown by one of the four sera obtained from a nonluetic patient suffering from diabetes and crush injuries. This serum gave strong specific agglutination when incubated with red cells a t 5°C. with or without AB serum for one hour. Column 2 of TABLE 2 shows the degree of hemolysis after incubating the same mixture at 37OC. for one hour in the presence of human complement. Further studies are required to determine if the degree of hemolysis was reduced by the intensity of agglutination a t low temperature. This was the only one of the six sera which revealed the specificity by direct agglutination at 5OC.
Histological Compartmentation of Phosphate in Vicia faba L. Leaflet : Possible Significance to Stomatal Functioning.

Guard cells, epidermal cells, palisade parenchyma cells, and spongy parenchyma cells of Vicia faba L. leaflet were analyzed for inorganic phosphate and phosphorus. On a molar basis, cells in the epidermal layer contained about 15-fold more inorganic phosphate than mesophyll cells did. Although a metabolic role for this asymmetric distribution cannot be defined unequivocally, we note that high epidermal inorganic phosphate would buffer against pH changes in the epidermis during stomatal movements.
Topographical significance of membrane skeletal component protein 4.1B in mammalian organs

The polarized architecture of epithelial cells is a fundamental determinant of cell structures and functions. Both formation and orientation of proper epithelial polarity are needed for cell-cell or cell-matrix adhesion, signal transduction and cytoskeletal interactions of multimolecular complexes at apical, lateral and basal cell membranes. These cell membrane domains are usually segregated by some junctional complexes. Recent molecular genetic studies on the anchor structure between myelin sheaths and axons have indicated the specific molecular organization for polarization of axolemma and the myelin sheaths at paranodes, termed ‘septate-like junctions’. It was also speculated that other mammalian organs may use a similar junctional system. The protein 4.1B was originally found to be localized in paranodes and juxtaparanodes of myelinated nerve fibers. Our recent immunohistochemical studies on protein 4.1B have indicated its significance for the cell-cell and/or cell-matrix adhesion in various rodent organs. The protein 4.1 family of proteins have been supposed to possess variable molecular domains relating to cell adhesion, ion balance, receptor responses and signal transduction. Therefore, more precise studies on the molecular structure and the functional domains of protein 4.1B, as well as on its changes under physiological and pathological conditions, may provide a clue for organogenesis in various mammalian organs.
A New Approach to Patient-Centered Care

Abstract An opportunity existed at our rehabilitation hospital, in preparation for Medicare’s Prospective Payment System (PPS) in acute medical rehabilitation, to develop an integrated inpatient care model using all available resources. The results have been an improved practice of all staff, increased efficiency and productivity, and increased staff and patient satisfaction. This article discusses the drivers for changing the team model within a large rehabilitation hospital. It includes an overview of the process of data gathering prior to changing the team model, how the new team model functions, and follow-up data collection 9 months after to provide evidence on what changes worked and what areas required further change to meet the objectives.
Anti-human immunodeficiency virus activities of the beta-L enantiomer of 2',3'-dideoxycytidine and its 5-fluoro derivative in vitro

The L enantiomer of 2',3'-dideoxycytidine (DDC) was recently shown to inhibit selectively human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) in vitro. In the current study, the potent anti-HIV activity of L-DDC was confirmed and extended to several HIV-1 and HIV-2 strains in various cell culture systems, including primary human lymphocytes and macrophages. Furthermore, its 5-fluoro congener, beta-L-2',3'-dideoxy-5-fluorocytidine (L-FDDC), was found to have more potent anti-HIV activity and a higher therapeutic index in acutely infected human peripheral blood mononuclear cells. These compounds had no marked activity against HIV-1 isolates resistant to the oxathiolane pyrimidine nucleosides (-)-beta-L-2',3'-dideoxy-5-fluoro-3'-thiacytidine [(-)-FTC] and (-)-beta-L-2',3'-dideoxy-3'-thiacytidine, but 3'-azido-3'-deoxythymidine (AZT)-resistant viruses were susceptible to L-DDC and L-FDDC. Cytotoxicity studies with human myeloid progenitor cells indicated that L-DDC and L-FDDC had median inhibitory concentrations comparable to those of AZT, DDC, and FDDC, but L-DDC and L-FDDC were significantly less toxic than AZT, DDC, and FDDC when erythroid progenitor cells were used. L-FDDC had the highest selectivity indices (6,000 and 9,000 for erythroid and myeloid progenitor cells, respectively) of all the compounds evaluated. Further preclinical development of L-FDDC is warranted in order to determine its potential usefulness in the treatment of HIV infections.
Metformin Restores Intermediate-Conductance Calcium-Activated K+ Channel– and Small-Conductance Calcium-Activated K+ Channel–Mediated Vasodilatation Impaired by Advanced Glycation End Products in Rat Mesenteric Artery

The present study was designed to investigate the effect of metformin on the impairment of intermediate-conductance and small-conductance Ca2+-activated potassium channels (IKCa and SKCa)–mediated relaxation in diabetes and the underlying mechanism. The endothelial vasodilatation function of mesenteric arteries was assessed with the use of wire myography. Expression levels of IKCa and SKCa and phosphorylated Thr172 of AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) were measured using Western blot technology. The channel activity was observed using a whole-cell patch voltage clamp. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) were measured using dihydroethidium and 2′,7′-dichlorofluorescein diacetate. Metformin restored the impairment of IKCa- and SKCa-mediated vasodilatation in mesenteric arteries from streptozotocin-induced type 2 diabetic rats and that from normal rats incubated with advanced glycation end products (AGEs) for 3 hours. In cultured human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs), 1 μM metformin reversed AGE-induced increase of ROS and attenuated AGE- and H2O2- induced downregulation of IKCa and SKCa after long-term incubation (>24 hours). Short-term treatment (3 hours) with 1 μM metformin reversed the decrease of IKCa and SKCa currents induced by AGE incubation for 3 hours without changing the channel expression or the AMPK activation in HUVECs. These results are the first to demonstrate that metformin restored IKCa- and SKCa-mediated vasodilatation impaired by AGEs in rat mesenteric artery, in which the upregulation of channel activity and protein expression is likely involved.
The socioeconomic background of the divergence of Belarusian and Ukrainian Political Systems

The aim of this paper is to analyse the political, social and economic background of the divergence of Belarusian and Ukrainian transitions. We focus on Belarus in order to find explanation for questions such as why could Lukashenko remain the authoritarian leader of Belarus, while in Ukraine the position of the political elite had proved less stable and collapsed in 2004. On the theoretical framework of elite-sociology, we seek to determine whether the internal factors (as macroeconomic conditions, standard of living, the oppressive nature of the political system and the structure of the political elite) play a significant role in the operation of the domino effect. This article emphasises the determining role of immanent internal factors, thus the political stability in Belarus can be explained by the role of the suppressing political regime, the hindrance of democratic rights and the relatively good living conditions that followed the transformational recession. Whilst in Ukraine, the markedly different ci rcumstances brought forth the success of the Orange Revolution.
Phrenic nerve injury from subclavian vein catheterization. Diagnosis by electromyography.

A SUSTAINED phrenic nerve injury occurred following the placement of a central venous catheter (CVC) when a percutaneous supraclavicular approach to the subclavian vein was used. We call attention to the usefulness of electromyography (EMG) in confirming the diagnosis of a paralyzed hemidiaphragm. Report of a Case A 59-year-old man was transferred to University Hospital for management of bleeding esophageal varices. A CVC was inserted via a supraclavicular approach to the left subclavian vein. The unusual location of the catheter tip in the left mediastinal area and the widened mediastinum on a subsequent chest roentgenogram (Fig 1) were not appreciated. The CVC was discontinued after 1,700 ml 10% dextrose in water had been infused. A chest roentgenogram 48 hours later showed almost complete opacification of the left hemithorax. At thoracentesis, 650 ml of fluid with a protein concentration of less than 1.0 gm/100 ml was removed. After several weeks the
Exploring inclusive pedagogy

This paper reports on a study designed to examine teachers' craft knowledge of their practice of ‘inclusion’ in terms of what they do, why and how. The research approach offers an important alternative to studies of students with ‘additional needs’ and the search to articulate the specialist knowledge and skill required to teach them. Through classroom observations and interviews with 11 teachers of students across the full age range in two Scottish primary schools, we investigated how teachers make meaning of the concept of inclusion in their practice by exploring theoretical assumptions drawn from the literature about inclusive pedagogy. The analysis enabled us to identify practical examples of inclusive pedagogy that met the standard of extending what is generally available to everybody, as opposed to providing for all by differentiating for some. Examples of the inclusive pedagogical approach are provided.