Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Intelligent Auto-Driving System for a Four-wheeled Electric Cart

A four-wheeled electric cart is used as transportation for senior citizens and physically handicapped persons. However, driving operations are difficult for user because of the dynamic characteristic of the four-wheeled vehicle. Therefore, an auto-driving system is effective to support them. Such the system should be able to treat at ease without an unpleasantness for user. In this paper, we propose and develop an auto-driving system that drives flexibly to user’s destination by predictive fuzzy controller using human’s operation knowledge of a four-wheeled vehicle. The result of experiments shows the effectiveness of the system.
FARMER MANAGED IRRIGATION SYSTEMS IN NEPAL AT THE CROSSROAD

In Nepal, Farmer Managed Irrigation Systems (FMIS) occupy special status in the national economy and food security system. Out of irrigated area in Nepal, almost 70% fall under farmer managed irrigation systems. They are the vibrant systems. The history of FMIS is long and they are still active institutions in Nepal. Hence, FMIS are the national heritage of Nepal. Secondly, FMIS are the symbol of democratic values. The community owning the systems manages the resources on their own. They evolve the rules and regulations on their own and implement them with consensus within the community. Hence, FMIS has a special place in irrigated agriculture in Nepal. The irrigation sector in Nepal is facing new challenges. FMIS is not exception. FMIS is facing the challenges brought by population growth, pressure for increased demand on food, environmental degradation and unavailability of local construction materials and competition on the allocation of water. FMIS is at the crossroad. There are both internal and external challenges to FMIS. The internal challenges are of design , of construction materials due to the depletion of the local construction materials, competition on the use of water, stagnated economic development, new legislation either ignored the existence FMIS or attempt is made to bring these systems under the control of local administration ignoring the need for development of polycentric system to strengthen the democratic values at the grassroots level and the process of assistance by the government to FMIS. OVERVIEW OF IRRIGATION DEVELOPMENT: There have been changes in the irrigation management over period of time. In 1960s, the increase in agriculture production was conceived by more investment in the irrigation infrastructure development. Around 1980s, it was found that irrigation infrastructures being built over period of time have been deteriorated. It is recognized that the participation of the beneficiaries is import for the better maintenance and management of the irrigation systems so there has been promotion of participatory irrigation management. Irrigation has traditionally consumed a large proportion of the world’s water. At the beginning of the century, 90% of water use in the world was for irrigation. By 1960, it was about 60% (Biwas 1993). In defense of this water use, Wallingford (1997) pointed out that irrigated agriculture produced 40% of food and agriculture commodities from 17% agriculture land. This makes food security critically dependent on irrigation. The dependence is most critical for Asia where 60% of food production is from irrigated lands. Similarly, long term impact has been felt in irrigation sector in Nepal. ** This paper is prepared to present in the 8 Biennial Conference of the International Association for the Study of Common Property (IASCP) to be held in Bloomington, Indiana May 30 to 4 July, 2000. * Chairman, Farmer Managed Irrigation Systems ( FMIS) Promotion Trust, Kathmandu, Nepal. email: pradhanp@mos.com. np or pradhanpp@hotmail.com
Leppänen Potential / Field Evidence Basic Auditory Processing Deficits in Dyslexia : Systematic Review of the Behavioral and Event-Related

A review of research that uses behavioral, electroencephalographic, and/or magnetoencephalographic methods to investigate auditory processing deficits in individuals with dyslexia is presented. Findings show that measures of frequency, rise time, and duration discrimination as well as amplitude modulation and frequency modulation detection were most often impaired in individuals with dyslexia. Less consistent findings were found for intensity and gap perception. Additional factors that mediate auditory processing deficits in individuals with dyslexia and their implications are discussed.
Heart Association Electrocardiography and Electrocardiogram : Part IV : The ST Segment , T and U Waves , and the QT Interval : A AHA / ACCF / HRS Recommendations for the Standardization and Interpretation of the

Society for Computerized Electrocardiology Cardiology Foundation; and the Heart Rhythm Society: Endorsed by the International Arrhythmias Committee, Council on Clinical Cardiology; the American College of Scientific Statement From the American Heart Association Electrocardiography and Electrocardiogram : Part IV: The ST Segment, T and U Waves, and the QT Interval: A AHA/ACCF/HRS Recommendations for the Standardization and Interpretation of the Print ISSN: 0009-7322. Online ISSN: 1524-4539 Copyright © 2009 American Heart Association, Inc. All rights reserved. is published by the American Heart Association, 7272 Greenville Avenue, Dallas, TX 75231 Circulation doi: 10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.108. 191096 2009;119:e241-e250; originally published online February 19, 2009; Circulation. http://circ.ahajournals. org/content/119/10/e241 World Wide Web at: The online version of this article, along with updated information and services, is located on the
BRAND PERSONALITY SCALE : HOW DO INDIAN CONSUMERS INTERPRET THE PERSONALITY DIMENSIONS ?

With brands assuming an important and all-encompassing position in the marketplace today and with the excessive proliferation of me-too products, marketers have recognised the need to create a distinct personality for a brand so that it stands adequately differentiated in the market. This study tests the applicability of Jennifer Aaker's (1997) brand personality scale in the Indian context and identifies significant similarities and differences in brand personality perceptions. Focus groups were used to identify the product categories and brands to be used in the study. Thereafter, Primary Component Analysis was used to isolate the factors (personality dimensions) for each brand. Data were collected using self-administered questionnaires. The study used just four product categories. Further studies could increase the number of product categories and brands to widen the scope of study.
TOPK promotes cell migration and is associated with poor prognosis in gastric cancer

T-LAK (lymphokine-activated killer T) cell-originated protein kinase (TOPK) is a MAPKK (mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase)-like protein kinase, which interacts with some tumor suppressor proteins and may play some important roles in the activation of T-LAK cells and signaling for the mediation of their cytotoxic functions against cancer cells. Here, in this study, a retrospective analysis of 79 resected gastric cancer patients was carried out to examine TOPK expression by immunohistochemistry. SGC7901 cell lines with depletion of endogenous TOPK were used to investigate if TOPK could promote cell migration. We found that the positive frequency of TOPK in cancer cells was 92.4%, whereas no TOPK expression was detected in non-cancerous mucosa. With increasing expression of TOPK, there was a significant increase in pT classification (P=0.0319) and pN classification (P=0.0337). In univariate analyses, AJCC stage (P<0.0001), pT classification (P<0.0001), pN classification (P<0.0001), differentiation (P=0.0268), peritoneal metastasis (P=0.0002) and gross features (P=0.0100) were significant prognostic factors. In multivariate analysis, AJCC stage was an independent predictor of survival (P<0.0001). Reductions of TOPK in SGC7901 cells were associated with decreases in cell invasion (P=0.0102) and migration (P=0.0278). Taken together, TOPK overexpression is associated with poor prognosis in GC. TOPK promotes gastric cancer cell migration.
P135 The prevalence of undiagnosed copd in patients with an abdominal aortic aneurysm and its impact on cardiopulmonary exercise tests

Introduction Cigarette smoking is a known contributing factor to the development of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), and to the formation of an aneurysm. In addition COPD is the most important risk factor associated with abdominal aortic aneurysms (AAA). Studies1 have observed the relationship of COPD and AAA, demonstrating a prevalence in COPD patients of 3.7% and a 1.22–1.78 fold increased risk of AAA when compared to those without COPD.2 Aims Our aim was to identify the prevalence of undiagnosed airflow obstruction in patients attending for CPET for preoperative assessment for AAA. Methods Data from 122 patients (108 male), median age 75 years (range 65–90) with an AAA of 5 cm or more, attending between September 2014 and May 2016 were included. Spirometry, CPET, smoking history, BMI and current medication were all analysed. The patient’s clinical records were reviewed to establish any previous respiratory diagnosis. Results 17/122 (14%) patients had a known diagnosis of COPD however 32/122 (26%) had airflow obstruction on spirometry, with only 12 of these having a diagnosis of COPD. 5 patients with a diagnosis of COPD did not demonstrate airflow obstruction. There were significant differences between those with airflow obstruction and those without for breathing reserve 20.8 versus 37.95% (p=0.0002), anaerobic threshold 11.0 versus 12.30 ml/min/kg (p=0.0073), Peak VO2 15.1 versus 16.8 ml/min/kg (p=0.0018), smoking history 49 versus 30 pack years (p=0.0069) and BMI 26.0 versus 28.1 kg/m2 (p=0.0024); respectively. Conclusion The Results confirmed that a significant proportion of our patients had previously undiagnosed/unrecognised airflow obstruction. As would be expected, patients with airflow obstruction had an increased pack year smoking history and a decreased BMI when compared to those without. Airflow obstruction also resulted in a decreased peak VO2 and a worsening of ventilatory limitation which has the potential to influence surgical decision making. References Aggarwal S, Qamar A, Sharma V, Sharma A. Abdominal aortic aneurysm: a comprehensive review. Exp Clin Cardiol2011;16(1):11–15. Flessenkaemper IH, Loddenkemper R, Roll S, Enke-Melzer K, Wurps H, Bauer TT. Screening of COPD patients for abdominal aortic aneurysm. Int J Chron Obstruct Pulmon Dis2015, Jun 10;10:1085–91.
SEMI AUTOMATIC TRACKING OF ROAD CENTERLINES FROM HIGH RESOLUTION REMOTE SENSING DATA

Extraction of curvi linear features such as roads, railroads, and rivers has been one of popular research topics in computer vision, photogrammetry, remote sensing and GIS communities. Automation of such extraction has been key research issue, although full and reliable automation is yet to be achieved. This paper describes an algorithm for tracking road centers. We intend to use the algorithm in semi-automatic road extraction from 1m high-resolution satellite images. Until now, road extraction based on perceptual grouping, snakes, energy minimization or template matching with global enforcements has been proposed. In this paper, we will use least squares template matching without global enforcements for road center tracking and show that it works. In our algorithm, once an input point on a road centerline is provided from a user, a road template is defined on that point and subsequent road center points are extracted by template matching. A 1m resolution IKONOS image over Seoul area was used for test. The algorithm could extract road centerlines in any orientation with a few user input points. To extract major 29 road segments from a IKONOS sub-scene it took about a few minutes including the user interaction and system computation time of 21 seconds. The contribution of this paper is that we proved template matching could offer wider applicability in feature extraction than energy minimization approaches and tha t we designed a new template matching scheme that worked for feature extraction without global enforcements.
Doctoral Programme in Educational Psychology

The requirement for schools to listen to pupils’ views on their education is now endorsed in both government policy and law. Researchers have found that young people have useful things to say about their education, and yet pupil participatory practices are not embedded in schools. Throughout this essay, Hart’s (1992) ladder of participation is used as a framework to consider the different levels of effective participation. School councils are a popular participatory practice in schools but are not always seen as an effective method of eliciting pupils’ views. Studies suggest that appropriate planning and a change of school ethos is key to their success. Research has also been conducted into how teachers engage pupils in giving feedback on teaching and learning. Findings indicate that individual differences amongst teachers can impact on their engagement in participation, and resulting practices can vary in the degree to which they would be considered participatory. The limited research into democratic schools highlights promising outcomes for their pupils but the prospect of similar approaches working in mainstream schools raises a number of challenges. This essay concludes that engaging in effective pupil participatory practices in schools has the potential to result in a range of positive outcomes. Policy makers and schools need to consider the degree of decision-making or influence they want to give to pupils. They may also require more training and guidance to make participatory practices effective. Educational Psychologists are well placed to support this process both at a whole school and policy level. Encouraging ‘pupil participation’; exploring school practices, benefits and challenges. The idea that pupils have a right to participate in decisions about their education was raised in the 1960s and 1970s by the ‘student power’ movement (Levin, 2000), however it has only been more widely considered and researched for a little under two decades. In 1989 the United Nations Convention on the Rights of the Child (UNCRC) formally acknowledged a child’s right to be heard. It states that any child who is capable of forming their views has the right to express those views in all matters affecting them (Unicef, 1989). Although it has been argued
Job Board Toolkits : Internet Matchmaking and the Transformation of Help-Wanted Ads

According to mainstream economists, the move of the job market onto the Internet should have essentially positive effects for both the job seekers and the employers. It should lower the cost of search, make it easier, simplify hiring procedures, and improve matching quality. In contrast with these predictions, we find that Internet job boards play a non-neutral role in the matching process. Expanding on the economic sociology approach, we examine job boards’ activity and analyse hundreds of ads published on print and Internet media. Through theses two investigations, we observe two phenomena. First, job boards exert a strong filtering of information. These new mediators emphasize certain types of profiles or competences. Second, we show that job boards’ activity tends to strengthen the power given to recruiters and to intensify the preselection of applicants in the context of the French labour market.
Comparison of Sequential and Simultaneous Responding, Matrix, and Strategy Variables in a Prisoner's Dilemma Game

This experiment systematically compared the effects of simultaneous responding and sequential responding by subjects, using a 2 x 4 x 2 factorial design. The four strategy conditions were 10% Cooperation, 90% Cooperation, Tit-for-Tat (response- matching with a one-trial lag), and Free-Play (two subjects actually paired). The two PD matrices had average expected payoffs of $. 00 and $. 025 per trial. Subjects were 160 college freshman women volunteers who served in groups of two or four and were paid for their participation. Overall cooperation was moderately high (56%). The significant findings were a strategy effect (10% Cooperation lowest, then 90% Cooperation, Free-Play, Tit-for-Tat highest), an increase in cooperation across the fifty trials, an interaction of trials with strategies, and an interaction of matrices with response procedures. The latter finding supports the experimental hypothesis that simultaneous and sequential responding do not have equivalent effects.
An efficient heuristic for the design of a survivable network architecture for dynamic routing

We investigate network planning and design under volatile conditions of link failures and traffic overload. Given the end-to-end traffic requirements, we generate a maximum spanning tree that can carry the traffic of any one origin-destination pair. The maximum spanning tree is augmented to handle any two simultaneous link failures or congestions. Then the augmented maximum spanning tree is synthesized by the algorithm of Gomory and Hu (1961) on the physically diverse links. We prove that the resulting network can provide full protection for the original network in the case of any two link failures unless both are from the maximum spanning tree. Using a linear programming optimization model, we update the synthesized network to handle any two link failures (or congestions) of the original network.
Correlation of α-KGDHC activity with mild hypothermia treatment of acute brain injuries

Objective: The aim of this study was to explore the value of α-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase complex (α-KGDHC) activity in hypothermia treatment of acute brain injuries. Method: Ninety 8-week-old SD rats were randomly divided into three groups (n=30 each). The control group was normally raised. The other two groups underwent acute brain injuries. One group of rats underwent hypothermia treatment at 30-35°C (treatment group), while the other group underwent conventional therapy (model group). Ten rats in each group were sacrificed before injury (T1), 5 days after injury (T2), and 10 days after injury (T3). Middle cerebral artery peak systolic velocity (Vs), pulse wave velocity (Wv) and brain injury markers were measured, including myelin basic protein (MBP), brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), S-100 protein (S-100B), and serum α-KGDHC expression levels. Pearson’s correlation analysis of α-KGDHC, BDNF, and S-100B was performed. Result: At T1, T2, and T3, MBP and S-100B levels in the control group were significantly lower than those in the treatment and model groups (P<0.050). MBP and S-100B in the treatment group were significantly lower than those in the model group (P<0.050). As time went on, MBP and S-100B decreased gradually (P<0.050). At T1, T2, and T3, expression levels of α-KGDHC and α-KGDHC activity in the control group were significantly higher than those in the treatment group and model group (P<0.050). Pearson’s correlation analysis showed that BDNF was positively correlated with α-KGDHC activities at T1, T2, and T3 (r=0.863, 0.791, 0.682, P<0.050). There was a negative correlation between S100β and α-KGDHC activity at T1, T2, and T3 (r=-0.842, -0.941, 06-63, P<0.050). Conclusion: Mild hypothermia treatment of acute brain injuries in rats can effectively reduce brain damage and improve nerve repair ability. Monitoring the activity of α-KGDHC in patients can effectively assess the repair of brain damage in patients.
Complications neurologiques du patient d ’ oncohématologie Life threatening neurologic complications in patients with malignancies

MOTS CLÉS Complication ; Neurologique ; Tumeurs solides ; Hémopathies malignes ; Diagnostic Résumé L’avènement de nouvelles stratégies diagnostiques et thérapeutiques a permis de réduire considérablement la mortalité chez les patients atteints d’une hémopathie maligne ou d’une tumeur solide. L’arsenal thérapeutique s’enrichissant, le spectre des toxicités s’élargit, tout comme l’apparition de complications infectieuses ou non infectieuses. Au cours de la prise en charge d’une hémopathie maligne, l’admission en réanimation se discute chez un patient sur trois. C’est le cas de 10 % des patients d’oncologie. Près d’un patient sur cinq d’oncologie ou d’hématologie admis en réanimation présente une anomalie neurologique centrale ou périphérique. Sur le plan étiologique, des complications qui ne pouvaient être diagnostiquées avant l’utilisation courante de l’IRM ou de la biologie moléculaire sont mieux appréhendées. Aussi, l’utilisation plus « facile » de la biopsie cérébrale a permis de préciser des cadres anatomocliniques. Néanmoins, les complications neurologiques chez les malades d’oncohématologie restent inconnues dans près de 15 % des cas. Cette revue a pour objectif de donner des repères pour aborder les patients d’oncohématologie qui présentent une atteinte neurologique aiguë. Les auteurs proposent une classification empirique en atteinte directe du parenchyme cérébral (infiltration maligne périphérique ou centrale, métastases, méningite carcinomateuse) ou indirecte (atteintes infectieuses, vasculaires, paranéoplasiques, iatrogènes ou métaboliques). Enfin, une démarche diagnostique sera proposée, mettant en avant un bilan de première intension (TDM, ponction lombaire, EEG, complété le plus souvent d’une IRM cérébrale), l’utilisation de nouveaux outils diagnostiques des infections bactériennes, virales, parasitaires ou mycotiques, mais aussi l’accès facile à la biopsie cérébrale chez les patients restant sans diagnostic et ne guérissant pas avec le traitement probabiliste. À l’avenir, un suivi prospectif des complications neurologiques chez les malades d’oncohématologie devrait permettre de préciser l’incidence respective de chaque type d’atteinte, leur histoire naturelle, mais aussi leur mortalité attribuable. © 2008 Société de réanimation de langue française. Publié par Elsevier Masson SAS. Tous droits réservés. ∗ Auteur correspondant. Adresse e-mail : stlegriel@invivo.edu (S. Legriel).
Robust jet engine control

Jet engine control imposes a challenging control problem due to its highly nonlinear operating environment, uncertain modeling process, and sensor noises. This paper provides a robust control design methodology to deal with the problem and illustrates the effectiveness of the method using F-100 jet engine plants at two extreme operating points. The outer loop design involves a fuzzy/neural network controller will be published elsewhere.