Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Dimensiones y variables de la calidad de la fase de pre inversión

The article proposes a study that has focused on the evaluation of the quality of the investment process, regardless of its importance as a preamble to investments there are marked inadequacies in the evaluation of the quality of the pre-investment phase, which limit the effectiveness of the process investor in a general way. The research presented aims to identify the parameters and requirements for the evaluation of the quality of the pre-investment phase. Theoretical methods were used: historical-logical, structural systemic, inductive-deductive and analysis and synthesis, as well as empirical methods such as factor analysis, surveys, bibliometric analysis, among others. A bibliometric study was developed to assess the state of knowledge about the investment process, the pre-investment phase and its quality elements, and a factor analysis that allowed us to propose variables and dimensions for the evaluation of the quality of this phase.
Surface Fitting and Representation By Using 2D Least Squares Method in CAD Applications

This paper presents a general method for automatic surface fitting from scattered range data and describes the implementati on of three methods for fitting surfaces: linear, quadratic and cubic. It uses a mo dified 2D least squares method to fitting, reconstructing and modeling several surfac es and statistical criteria to compare the three approaches. The comparison is per form d using a mathematically defined data as real data obtained f rom the proposed models. The method can be used in a variety of applications such as reverse engineering, automatic generating of a CAD model, etc, and it ha s proven to be effective as demonstrated by a number of examples using real dat a from mathematical functions ( sine, cosine, exponential and c ubic). By applying the proposed surface fitting model the standard deviation was fo und to be (0.04-0.26), (0.020.07) and (0.0-0.12) mm for linear, quadratic and cubic fitting models respectively.
A type system for data-flow integrity on Windows Vista

The Windows Vista operating system implements an interesting model of multi-level integrity. We observe that in this model, trusted code must participate in any information-flow attack. Thus, it is possible to eliminate such attacks by statically restricting trusted code. We formalize this model by designing a type system that can efficiently enforce data-flow integrity on Windows Vista. Typechecking guarantees that objects whose contents are statically trusted never contain untrusted values, regardless of what untrusted code runs in the environment. Some of Windows Vista's runtime access checks are necessary for soundness; others are redundant and can be optimized away.
Security analysis of key agreement protocol based on matrix power function

Key agreement protocol (KAP) using Burau braid groups representation and matrix power function (MPF) is analyzed. MPF arguments are Burau representation matrices defined over finite field or ring. It is shown that KAP security relies on the solution of matrix multivariate quadratic system of equations over the ring with additional commutation constraints for matrices to be found. We are making a conjecture that proposed KAP is a candidate one-way function since its inversion is related with the solution of known multivariate quadratic problem which is NP-complete over any field. The one of advantages of proposed KAP is its possible effective realization even in restricted computational environments by avoiding arithmetic operations with big integers.
Profile of Learners Who Have High Early Ability in Algebra Subject with Problem Based Learning

: Learners already have various levels of initial abilities when they have learned at the first time. High initial abilities belong to the leaners will be very important in the learning teaching process. Due to the distinction of initial high abilities which the learners have so that the research has been done to describe about the learners who already have early high abilities in the learning mathematics with Problem Based Learning model. The subject of this research is the learners whose high initial abilities. Data of the learners whose high initial abilities have been obtained through interview and written test. Learners have been obtained learning with Problem Based Learning model after gaining the results of the written test before. Steps away from the model of Problem Based Learning is first, orientation of learners to the problem; second , define the problem and organize learners to learn; third, guiding independent investigation or group investigation; fourth, develop and present the work; and fifth, reflection and assessment. The sample is using purposive sampling technique . The results showed that: the use of the right model of Problem Based Learning can facilitate learners in understanding the material of learners who have a high initial ability above learners who have the initial ability to understand the material.
Quantitative Determination of Serum Soluble E-Selectin in Periodontal Health and Disease

Back ground: Inflammatory periodontal disease has been associate d with an increased risk of cardiovascular events. Emerging evidence shows an association of p eriodontal disease with systemic inflammation and endothelial dysfunction, while the underlying mecha nism remains unclear. Circulating cell adhesion mol ecule sE-selectin has been suggested as a potential candi date marker of endothelial dysfunction, which contr ibutes to the pathogenesis of cardiovascular diseases. Aim: To determine the serum sE-selectin level in general is d severe chronic periodontitis and periodontally heal thy subjects. Materials and methods: Eighty subjects in the age group of 35-55 years were included in the study . Forty subjects with generalised severe chronic pe riodontitis as study group and 40 healthy subjects without peri odontal disease as control group were selected. The blood samples were collected and the serum was analysed f or sE-selectin level by ELISA. Results: sE-selectin expression was found in serum of both the groups. M ean serum sE-selectin levels were 37.05ng/mL in the study group and 30.78ng/mL in control group. Statisticall y significant increase was not found in serum sE-se lectin levels between the groups. Conclusion: sE-selectin is expressed in serum of both the study an control groups with a wide range of distribution. No significant a ssociation was observed between sE-selectin level a nd periodontal inflammation. Therefore, circulating sE electin may not be used as a reliable biomarker o f endothelial function measure in periodontal disease .
Dynamics of taxonomic diversity

A general model of taxonomic diversity, incorporating diversity-dependent rates of origination and extinction, is constructed to examine the dynamic responses of diversity to perturbation. The model predicts that the trajectories of diversification increase and decrease are substantially different. The trajectories of diversity during disequilibrium conditions are displayed in phase diagrams to permit a simple graphical analysis of stability. A positive displacement of diversity from equilibrium results in a rapid decline in diversity and may involve an initial overshoot of the equilibrium condition. A negative displacement of equal magnitude results in a gradual increase in diversity. The model is expressed as a nonlinear difference equation to incorporate intrinsically a delay time due to the characteristic noninstantaneous response of origination and extinction. The model initially assumes a parabolic curve expressing total taxon origination rate as a function of diversity. A second model, constructed assuming a sigmoidal total taxon origination rate derived from considerations of allopatric speciation, enhances the asymmetry of the diversity response. The delayed recovery of the Triassic fauna is shown to be characteristic of return to equilibrium from an undersaturated condition, whereas the more rapid “catastrophic” decline in the Late Permian fauna is shown to be characteristic of return to equilibrium from the oversaturated condition. It is proposed, although not assumed, that perturbation may include a degree of selectivity related to the dispersal abilities of organisms, thereby enhancing the observed asymmetry.
The BioRap Biodiversity Assessment and Planning Study for Papua New Guinea

[Extract] PAPUA New Guinea (PNG) has an incredible variety of land and marine ecosystems, including many components of biodiversity that are unique in the world. PNG's land mass constitutes less than one percent of the world's land area, yet estimates suggest that the country has more than 5% of the world's biodiversity. PNG has been recognized therefore as an important region for biodiversity conservation (see Alcorn 1993; Beehler 1993 and references within). Recently, Conservation International (CI) has recognized PNG as one of the small number of critical tropical forest areas for conservation efforts. That priority reflects not just PNG's unique biodiversity but also the fact that sustainable use of PNG's natural resources has become an important issue, particularly relating to its large mineral deposits, oil and natural gas reserves, agricultural potential, and forestry production potential. CI's perspective highlights important principles of conservation priority. PNG, like the other tropical wilderness areas on its priority list, is regarded as an opportunity for effective conservation at relatively low cost, given that these wilderness regions are still largely intact and have low human population density. In our view, realizing such opportunities requires good planning. Biodiversity conservation in PNG can imply low realized opportunity costs or quite high realized opportunity costs, depending on whether biodiversity planning is used to find a balance among society's competing needs through tradeoffs. PNG is a region worthy of urgent conservation planning attention beca.use potential high net benefits for society may be needlessly foreclosed through inefficient planning that does not address conflicts among various needs of society. The risk of losing those potential net benefits is a strong argument for conservation investment in PNG.
3D thyroid segmentation in CT using self-attention convolutional neural network

The thyroid gland is a butterfly-shaped organ and belongs to the endocrine system. The abnormality in shape and volume of thyroid can reveal the occurrence of various diseases. Ultrasound (US) imaging is currently the most popular diagnostic tool for diagnosing thyroid diseases. However, most physicians would still make decisions depending on computed tomography (CT) because of its excellent resolution to show more details of the thyroid and its surroundings. The thyroid CT imaging before surgery is important because it can assist in determining the anatomical distribution of a lesion and its involvement in adjacent organs or tissues. However, precise segmentation of the thyroid relies heavily on the experience of the physician and is very time-consuming. In this work, we propose to use a 3D deep attention U-Net method to segment the thyroid from CT image automatically. The quantitative evaluation of the segmentation performance of the proposed method, we calculated the Dice similarity coefficient (DSC), sensitivity, specificity, and mean surface distance (MSD) indices between the ground truth and automatic segmentation We demonstrated high accuracy and robustness of the proposed deep-learning-based segmentation method visually and quantitatively. The resultant DSC, precision, and recall were 85% ± 6%, 86% ± 5% and 90% ± 5%, respectively.
A Fast Fuzzy Association Rules Mining Algorithm Utilizing Output Field Specification( COMPUTATIONAL INTELLIGENCE)

Ahstraet: This paper presents fost a4gorithnis.for extracting.ficry association rutes fi'om dotabase. 7Vie objective ofthe aigorithm is to reduc'e the exh'acted rechtnclant rules for the actuat apptication, in oi'der to imptAove the computational qMcienc.v of]fii:・ ry association rutes mining. In this paper, . tbr extracting.fuzry association rules, it is assumed that the consequent part ofthejuzEpJ rule is speci.fied in atb,ance, i.e. bopre starting mining computation. This assumption corresponds to actuat problems, e,g, dicrgnostics problem ofthe process, quatity control action oj'manttiZicturing, andso on. 7}he aigorithm is based on the Apriori a(gorithtn for ruie extraction qf'the specLfied ouiput.field
Association of a T29→C Polymorphism of the Transforming Growth Factor-β1 Gene With Genetic Susceptibility to Myocardial Infarction in Japanese

Background—Transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) is an important regulator of vascular remodeling and is involved in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis. A T→C transition at nucleotide 29 of the TGF-β1 gene results in a Leu→Pro substitution at amino acid 10 of the signal peptide. We have now examined a possible association of TGF-β1 genotype with myocardial infarction (MI) in a Japanese population. Methods and Results—TGF-β1 genotype was determined in 315 Japanese patients (234 men and 81 women) with MI and 591 control subjects (289 men and 302 women). We found that age, body mass index, and incidence of habitual smoking, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, and hypercholesterolemia did not differ between the 2 groups for either men or women. Multivariable logistic regression analysis, however, demonstrated the frequency of the T allele to be significantly higher in male subjects with MI than in controls (TT + TC versus CC; P<0.0001, odds ratio 3.5, 95% CI 2.0 to 6.3). In contrast, the T allele was not associa.
ENERGY HUNGRY AND THE PROBLEM OF PROGRESS IN THE EVOLUTION OF THE BIOLOGICAL SYSTEMS

The analysis of the current situation concerning the progress in the biological evolution shows the presence of a deadlock. The true cause of this situation lies in the reductionist-individualist manner of approach. The way out of this deadlock is possible only by changing this point of view. This can be made by approaching evolution through the hierarchical organisation of the biological systems and by considering the antientropic character of these systems. From this point of view it results that there are no preferential trends of increasing or decreasing the structural complexity along the evolution; it exists just the intrinsic tendency of the biological systems to maximise the input, of energy, which is done in various ways within the hierarchy of the systems. Globally, the increase of the biodiversity and of the biomass is the essential way of progress. The biological progress consists in achieving this trend that allows the preservation, prosperity and differentiation of the living forms and, at the same time, the moving off of the biosphere from the state of thermodynamic equilibrium.
Long-term Outcomes of Combined Cataract Surgery and Trabeculotomy using Trabectome for Coexisting Cataract and Open-angle Glaucoma: A 5 Year Follow-Up

Purpose: To provide long term results of Trabectome combined with phacoemulsification in primary open-angle glaucoma. Methods: In this interventional case series, 18 consecutive eyes that have had combined phacoemulsification with Trabectome were included. The main outcome measures were change in intraocular pressure (IOP), glaucoma medication use, and the rate of complications. Results: Mean IOP was 17.67 ± 3.91 mmHg preoperatively which decreased to 13.87 ± 2.315 mmHg at 1 y. (P<0.05) and 15.11 ± 3.22 at 5 y. There was a corresponding drop in glaucoma medications from 2.31 ± 0.60 at baseline to 1.00 ± 0.46 at 12 months and 1.17 ± 0.71 at 5 y (P<0.00). The preoperative BCVA (Log Mar) was improved from 0.68 ± 0.26 pre-operatively to 0.08 ± 0.13 at 1 y and 0.11 ± 0.14 at 5 y respectively (P<0.00). The only frequent complication was transient blood reflux resolving spontaneously within a few days. No vision threatening complication occurred. Conclusion: Combined phacoemulsification and trabectome significantly lowered IOP and medication use in long term with early visual rehabilitation in the majority of patients.
Loss to Follow-Up in a Cervical Cancer Screening and Treatment Program in Western Kenya

Background: Increasingly, evidence is emerging from developing countries like Kenya on the burden of loss to follow-up care after a positive cervical cancer screening/diagnosis, which impacts negatively on cervical cancer prevention and control. Unfortunately little or no information exists on the subject in the western region of Kenya. This study is designed to determine the proportion of and predictors and reasons for defaulting from follow-up care after positive cervical cancer screen. Aim: To determine the rates and factors associated with loss to follow-up in a multivisit cervical cancer screening and treatment program in western Kenya. Methods: We conducted a prospective study of women, who presented for cervical cancer screening at Chulaimbo and Webuye subcounty hospitals, and screened positive by VIA. A 2-3 weeks appointment was then set for review by a gynae-oncologist. A total of 100 women, scheduled for review, were recruited in the study and followed between August 2016 and May 2017. LTFU was defined as failure to keep a second rescheduled appointment or being unreachable for 3 consecutive months and failure to confirm that a woman sought for care in another health facility. Descriptive statistics was used for summary and the Cox regression model was used to estimate the risk of LTFU for different covariates. Results: The age range was 21-77 years, with a mean of 44.45 years. 39% of the women defaulted from scheduled follow-up appointment of which 25 (64%) were LTFU. Univariate Cox regression was conducted for HIV cases (HR=2.7, P value=0.021), clinic revisits (HR=2.6, P value=0.026), married (HR=0.63, P value=0.237) and previously screened women (HR=1.67, P value=0.198). Increased risk of LTFU was observed for HIV cases (HR=2.4, P value=0.04) and revisits (HR=7.5, P value=0.014) in an adjusted model. Conclusion: LTFU affects cervical cancer management due to several factors some of which are beyond the control of the women. We recommend a larger study be replicated for ease of generalizability of results; awareness and strategies are required to retain them to obey the treatment appointment since they are the highly vulnerable.
The generation of the amyloid precursor protein intracellular domain

Alzheimer? s disease (AD) is the most common cause of a progressive decline ofcognitive function in aged humans. It is thought to be a result of the formation ofamyloid plaques in the brain that are largely composed of ? -amyloid (A? ), which isone of the cleavage products of the amyloid precursor protein (APP). Theamyloidogenic processing of APP to produce the A? peptides requires sequentialproteolytic cleavages by the ? - and ? -secretases. APP is first cleaved by the ? -secretase to produce APP-C99, and this product is a substrate for furtherprocessing by the ? -secretase that cleaves within its transmembrane domain toproduce N-terminal A? peptides and the C-terminal APP intracellular domain(AICD). On the basis of similarities to the Notch processing pathway, it has beenpostulated that the AICD may play a role in gene regulation following its release inresponse to some form of extracellular signal.In order to better understand the production and fate of the AICD, I haveinvestigated the potential for exploiting a cell-free system to study its generationand properties. Having generated a number of model APP-derived fragments andshown them to be efficiently membrane integrated in vitro, I went on to study AICDproduction. I discovered that AICD-like fragments are extremely labile whensynthesised in a rabbit reticulocyte lysate system and are rapidly degraded via ametalloproteinase, most likely the insulin degrading enzyme (IDE). The in vitrostability of these model AICD-like fragments was dependent upon the precisechain length of the polypeptide and N-terminal processing may preface the activityof IDE in vitro. The rapid degradation of the AICD in vitro is in close agreementwith previous in vivo studies, and taken together such data are consistent with arole for the AICD in a signalling pathway of some form.A variety of approaches were also taken to try to generate the AICD by the ? -secretase mediated cleavage of the APP-C99 fragment, a biologically relevantsubstrate. In no case was any evidence of such cleavage observed in vitro andhence I conclude that the endoplasmic reticulum does not possess an active formof the ? -secretase. Preliminary in vivo-based studies did provide evidence for the? -secretase cleavage of APP-C99 fragments, consistent with current modelsimplying that such processing takes place at the cell surface and/or in endosomesand not at the endoplasmic reticulum.
Types of Learning (Individual vs. Cooperative) in Mobile Devices and Their Effect on the Development of Skills of Using Google Educational Applications and Self-Regulated Learning

: The study aims to determine the most appropriate type (individual Vs. cooperative) in mobile devices and their effect on the development of skills of using Google educational applications and self-regulated learning. The educational Google apps skills in this research are: Google Docs, Google slides, Google Drawing, Google Forms and Google Sheets. The design of Extended One Group Pretest Posttest Design was used in this research. The basic sample of the research included 60 of master’s degree students in the Faculty of Specific Education, Alexandria University. The sample was divided in two equal groups, each one contained of 30 students. Group 1 was taught in the individual method, while group 2 was taught in the cooperation method. The two groups were selected and distributed in randomly. It was found out that the priority of group 2 in both exams, and the statistically significant positive correlation between the scores of students in each of the skills checklist and self-regulated learning scale in the both two groups (individual vs. cooperative).