Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Insufficient Fear of the "Super-flu"?The World Health Organization's Global Decision-Making for Health

ing template for reifying and assessing the reasoning in arguments, but it does not dictate outcomes; novel work that is not fixed by the formulas must still be done by the human agents making the assessments. This form of logos not only cannot offer universal certainty, but it also cannot offer a pre-determined endpoint. It is obvious when a calculation is complete—all the prescribed operations of the program or sorites or equation have been done (once, in the proper order). In contrast, an argumentative deliberation is complete only when its engagers agree that it is, or when they give up on the possibility of agreement. The utility of argumentative deliberation as a techne of logos is simultaneously a taken-for-granted of much democratic theory and also is widely suspect. Its strongest support comes from the observation that, taken on the whole, deliberation engages the possibility of incorporating the maximal range and numbers of factors and perspectives into any decision. Suspicion arises precisely because it is not identical to calculative reason. Although particular human characteristics (“pooling of biases” Lu et al., 2012) and situational factors (exclusion of relevant parties) mean that this form of deliberation doesn’t always produce a better decision than instinctual responses, its potential to do so warrants the study of this kind of logos in an effort to maximize the potential embedded in the technology of argumentative deliberation.
Hybrid Phased-MIMO SAR: Mode Design and Performance Analysis

In this paper, we introduce an innovative scanning synthetic aperture radar (SAR) termed as the Hybrid Phased-MIMO SAR (HPMSAR) and investigate the system performance. The HPMSAR overcomes the limitations imposed by the conventional scanning SAR (ScanSAR, spotlight SAR, or Terrain Observation by Progressive Scans (TOPS) SAR) and presents the strong flexibility in imaging mode. Every subarray in HPMSAR is simultaneously pointed in the different directions and electronically steers the azimuth beam. This not only increases the illumination time per subswath entailing a high azimuth resolution but also covers an ultra-wide swath giving short-term time for global coverage. However, multidirectional scanning imaging will produce overlapped echoes and ambiguities on receive, then this paper presents the advanced processing scheme based on two-dimension (2-D) digital beamforming (DBF) with multichannel unambiguous reconstruction technology. The key of this method lies that multichannel processing technology in azimuth ensures receiving echoes free of aliasing by using a low PRF, and 2-D DBF could effectively suppress ambiguities and separate the overlapped echoes from different subswaths. Performance analysis compared with traditional methods shows output performance of interference suppression.
Terahertz gas spectroscopy through self-mixing in a quantum-cascade laser

We demonstrate the feasibility of high-resolution terahertz gas spectroscopy based on the external optical feedback effect in a quantum-cascade laser. Tuning the frequency of the quantum-cascade laser across a molecular absorption line of CH3OH leads to a reduction of the optical feedback, which can be detected by monitoring the voltage across the quantum-cascade laser. This method provides a high spectral resolution of ν/Δν=106 and a sensitivity comparable to that obtained with a cryogenically cooled Ge:Ga photoconductive detector.
Expansion around the vacuum equation of state: Sudden future singularities and asymptotic behavior

The dark energy model with the equation of state ${p}_{d}=\ensuremath{-}{\ensuremath{\rho}}_{d}\ensuremath{-}A{\ensuremath{\rho}}_{d}^{\ensuremath{\alpha}}$ is studied. The model comprises and provides realization of several types of singularities in different parameter regimes: the divergence of the dark energy density and pressure at finite time and finite value of the scale factor, the singularity of the ``big rip'' type and the sudden future singularity recently introduced by Barrow. For parameter choices which lead to a nonsingular expansion of the universe, various types of the asymptotic evolution are found. The entire time evolution of the universe is described both analytically and numerically. The advantages of this dark energy EOS as a parametrization of dark energy are discussed.
ASSIMILATION PATTERNS IN THE USE OF ADVANCED MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGIES IN SMES: EXPLORING THEIR EFFECTS ON PRODUCT INNOVATION PERFORMANCE

Manufacturing small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) are more and more adopting advanced manufacturing technologies (AMT) aimed at fostering product innovation process, improving product quality, streamlining the production process, and gaining productivity. In this study, we analyze the relationship between AMT proficiency levels in manufacturing SMEs and product innovation performance. Using data from 616 manufacturing SMEs, and considering a wide range of various AMT (20 different types of AMT grouped into 5 categories), we derived three AMT assimilation patterns through a cluster analysis procedure combining hierarchical and non-hierarchical clustering algorithms. The analysis of the relationship between AMT assimilation patterns and product innovation performance shows a rather unexpected picture: in spite of the existence of clearly distinct patterns of AMT assimilation, we find no significant relationship between any pattern and product innovation performance. Instead, we find the organizational and environmental context of SMEs to be more determinant for product innovation performance than any of the AMT assimilation patterns. From a practical point of view, this study indicates that manufacturing SMEs managers interested in fostering their innovation capabilities through AMT assimilation need to be aware of the contingency effects of their organizational size, age, and sector of activity.
The Indian Ocean SST dipole simulated in a coupled general circulation model

We are successful in simulating the recently discovered ocean‐atmosphere coupled phenomenon called the Indian Ocean Dipole for the first time, using a coupled general circulation model without flux correction. During the analyzed 50 years of model integration, the anomalous climate events have appeared 8 times over the Indian Ocean (IO). They are characterized by the cooling of the sea surface temperature (SST) in the southeastern tropical IO and the warming of the SST in the western tropical IO, associated with the anomalous easterly winds along the equator. The spatial pattern of the anomalous SST shows an east‐west dipole mode (DM) structure that is similar to the recent reports. The simulated DM events are independent of the El Niño simulated in the same model. The heat budget analysis shows that the tropical air‐sea interaction, which is strongly influenced by ocean dynamics, is crucial in generating the model DM events.
Approaches to Writing in EFL/ESL Context: Balancing Product and Process in Writing Class at Tertiary Level

This article presents the findings of an interventionist study designed to examine the effects of product and process approach to writing on learners' performance. Two ESL classes of United International University in Bangladesh participated in the study; initially one class was instructed to follow the method of writing of product approach, and the other received instruction on the process approach. Later a collaborative approach was adopted in both classes. Data were collected from the learners' performance in group works, discussions, observations of learners' strategy use, and from the end products. The findings indicate that the combination of product and process outperformed the presentation of the learners. There was corroborating evidence to support the view that the blend of both approaches tends to facilitate the learners to undertake a writing task to be developed. Finally, the advantages of using a product-process approach to gauging the effects of writing tasks are appraised. Key words: Teaching English writing; The process approach; The product approach; Incorporation of product process approach; Guided brainstorming; Top down approach Journal of NELTA Vol. 15 No. 1-2 December 2010 Page: 77-88 Uploaded date : 4 May, 2011 DOI: 10.3126/nelta.v15i1-2.4612
Measurements of linestrengths , N 2 – , Ar – , He – and self – broadening coefficients of acetylene in the ν 4 + ν 5 combination band using a cw quantum cascade laser

Linestrengths, N2–, Ar–, He– and self– broadening coefficients of acetylene have been measured at 296 K in the P branch of the ν4+ν5 combination band for 25 rotational transitions. The effect of gas temperature is studied over 296 – 683 K for five transitions to allow the determination of the temperature dependent exponent n for N2– and Ar– broadening coefficients. These measurements were performed using a continuous-wave quantum cascade laser (cw–QCL) operating over 1253 – 1310 cm. Spectroscopic parameters were obtained by fitting absorption spectra using Voigt, Galatry and Rautian profiles. Linestrength and broadening results are compared with previous studies available in literature for the ν4+ν5 combination band and other vibrational bands of acetylene.
Title : Mitochondrial dysfunction and pulmonary hypertension : Cause , Effect or Both 1 2

26 27 Pulmonary hypertension describes a heterogeneous disease defined by increased pulmonary 28 artery pressures, and progressive increase in pulmonary vascular resistance due to pathologic 29 remodeling of the pulmonary vasculature involving pulmonary endothelial cells, pericytes, and 30 smooth muscle cells. This process occurs under various conditions, and though these 31 populations vary, the clinical manifestations are the same: progressive dyspnea, increases in right 32 ventricular (RV) afterload and dysfunction, RV-pulmonary artery uncoupling, and right-sided 33 heart failure with systemic circulatory collapse. The overall estimated 5-year survival rate is 72% 34 in highly functioning patients, and as low as 28% for those presenting with advanced symptoms. 35 36 Metabolic theories have been suggested as underlying the pathogenesis of pulmonary 37 hypertension with growing evidence of the role of mitochondrial dysfunction involving the major 38 proteins of the electron transport chain, redox-related enzymes, regulators of the proton gradient 39 and calcium homeostasis, regulators of apoptosis and mitophagy. 40 41 There remain more to characterize in mitochondrial dysfunction leading to impaired vascular 42 relaxation, increase proliferation, and failure of regulatory mechanisms. The effects on 43 endothelial cells and resulting interactions with their microenvironment remain uncharted 44 territory for future discovery. Additionally, based on observations that the “Plexigenic lesions” 45 of pulmonary hypertension resemble the unregulated proliferation of tumor cells, similarities 46 between cancer pathobiology and pulmonary hypertension have been drawn, suggesting 47 interactions between mitochondria and angiogenesis. Recently, mitochondria targeting has 48 become feasible, which may yield new therapeutic strategies. We present a state-of-the-art 49 review of the role of mitochondria in both the pathobiology of pulmonary hypertension and 50 potential therapeutic targets in pulmonary vascular processes. 51 52
Surgical management of ovarian cysts in postmenopausal women

Many ovary cysts are asymptomatic especially in postmenopausal women. In the case of large cysts, the risk of malignancy becomes increase and if conservatively treated could remain unchanged. Although the laparoscopy still represents the main abort pathway, in the cases when cysts present the signs of malignancy or even extraovarian dissemination, the treatment should involved laparotomy. Anyway, the technique which should be applied in ovarian cysts should take into consideration the patient will and the surgeon’s experience in which the staging can be performed when indicated. The present review systematizes the pathology, ovarian masses evaluation, laparoscopy vs. laparotomy techniques, the role of CA125 marker and surgical management of the cysts in postmenopausal women.
Direct Laser Writing of Three‐ Dimensional Photonic Crystals with a Complete Photonic Bandgap in Chalcogenide Glasses

was introducednearly twenty years ago. However, the fabrication of high-quality 3D structures for the optical regime still remains achallenge. Three techniques have been discussed: i) directsemiconductor fabrication by using a layer-by-layer (LbL)method, combining high-precision alignment and wafer-fusiontechniques;
Power calculations for regression-discontinuity designs

In this article, we introduce two commands, rdpow and rdsampsi, that conduct power calculations and survey sample selection when using local polynomial estimation and inference methods in regression-discontinuity designs. rdpow conducts power calculations using modern robust bias-corrected local polynomial inference procedures and allows for new hypothetical sample sizes and bandwidth selections, among other features. rdsampsi uses power calculations to compute the minimum sample size required to achieve a desired level of power, given estimated or user-supplied bandwidths, biases, and variances. Together, these commands are useful when devising new experiments or surveys in regression-discontinuity designs, which will later be analyzed using modern local polynomial techniques for estimation, inference, and falsification. Because our commands use the communitycontributed (and R) package rdrobust for the underlying bandwidths, biases, and variances estimation, all the options currently available in rdrobust can also be used for power calculations and sample-size selection, including preintervention covariate adjustment, clustered sampling, and many bandwidth selectors. Finally, we also provide companion R functions with the same syntax and capabilities.
Target : Apoptosis Pathway : Apoptosis Solubility : 10 mM in DMSO

BIOLOGICAL ACTIVITY: Trabectedin (Ecteinascidin–743 or ET–743) is a novel antitumour agent of marine origin with potent antitumour activity both in vitro and in vivo. IC50 Value: 0.1–3.7 nM (breast cancer cell lines) [1] Target: Apoptosis inducer; Anticancer in vitro: Trabectedin induced cytotoxicity and apoptosis in both breast cancer cells in a time and concentration–dependent manner. The expression levels of the death receptor pathway molecules, TRAIL–R1/DR4, TRAIL–R2/DR5, FAS/TNFRSF6, TNF RI/TNFRSF1A, and FADD were significantly increased by 2.6–, 3.1–, 1.7–, 11.2– and 4.0–fold by trabectedin treatment in MCF–7 cells. However, in MDA–MB–453 cells, the mitochondrial pathway related pro–apoptotic proteins Bax, Bad, Cytochrome c, Smac/DIABLO, and Cleaved Caspase–3 expressions were induced by 4.2–, 3.6–, 4.8–, 4.5–, and 4.4–fold, and the expression levels of anti–apoptotic proteins Bcl–2 and Bcl–XL were reduced by 4.8– and 5.2–fold in MDA–MB–453 cells [2]. In vitro treatment with noncytotoxic concentrations of trabectedin selectively inhibited the production of CCL2, CXCL8, IL–6, VEGF, and PTX3 by MLS primary tumor cultures and/or cell lines [3]. in vivo: A xenograft mouse model of human MLS showed marked reduction of CCL2, CXCL8, CD68+ infiltrating macrophages, CD31+ tumor vessels, and partial decrease of PTX3 after trabectedin treatment [3]. The MTD of trabectedin was 700 microg/m(2) due to dose–limiting neutropaenia and the RDs in the previously treated/untreated patients were 500 and 600 microg/m(2), respectively. Most common toxicities were nausea/vomiting (67%), asthenia/fatigue (55%) and reversible ASAT/ALAT elevation (51%) [4]. Toxicity: Most common toxicities were nausea/vomiting (67%), asthenia/fatigue (55%) and reversible ASAT/ALAT elevation (51%) [4]. Clinical trial: A Study to Assess the Potential Effects of Rifampin on the Pharmacokinetics of Trabectedin in Patients With Advanced Malignancies. Phase 1/2
Estimating Heterogeneous Treatment Effects Using Neural Networks With The Y-Learner

We develop the Y-learner for estimating heterogeneous treatment effects in experimental and observational studies. The Y-learner is designed to leverage the abilities of neural networks to optimize multiple objectives and continually update, which allows for better pooling of underlying feature information between treatment and control groups. We evaluate the Y-learner on three test problems: (1) A set of six simulated data benchmarks from the literature. (2) A real-world large-scale experiment on voter persuasion. (3) A task from the literature that estimates artificially generated treatment effects on MNIST didgits. The Y-learner achieves state of the art results on two of the three tasks. On the MNIST task, it gets the second best results.
Halo Gravity Traction Can Mitigate Preoperative Risk Factors and Early Surgical Complications in Complex Spine Deformity

Study Design. Retrospective review of prospective cohort. Objective. We sought to examine the role of halo gravity traction (HGT) in reducing preoperative surgical risk. Summary of Background Data. The impact of HGT on procedure choice, preoperative risk factors, and surgical complications has not been previously described. Methods. Patients treated with HGT before primary surgery were included. The FOCOS Score (FS) was used to quantify operative risk. FS was calculated using patient-factors (ASIA, body mass index, etiology), procedure-factors (PcF; osteotomy planned, number of levels fused, etc.), and curve magnitude (CM). Scores ranged from 0 to 100 with higher scores indicating increased risk. FS was calculated before and after HGT to see how changes in FS affected complication rates. Results. A total of 96 patients were included. Halo-related complications occurred in 34% of patients but revision was required in only 8.3%. Average FS improved by 18 points after HGT. CM, PcF, and patient-factors all improved (P < 0.05). The greatest changes were in CM and PcF. The planned rate of three-column osteotomies dropped from 91% to 38% after HGT. FS (area under the curve [AUC]: 0.68, P = 0.023) and change in FS (AUC: 0.781, P < 0.001) was successfully able to predict the rate of surgical complications. A preoperative FS of 74 was identified as a cut-off for a higher rate of surgical complications (sensitivity 58.8%, specificity 74.7%). Patients with a reduction in FS < = 10pts were five times more likely to have a complication (relative risk 5.2, 95% confidence interval: 1.9–14.6, P < 0.001). A multivariate regression showed that change in FS was an independent predictor of complication rates (P < 0.05). Conclusion. FS can successfully predict surgical risk in pediatric patients with complex spinal deformity. Preoperative HGT can reduce FS and surgical risk by improving CM, lowering three-column osteotomies use, and improving body mass index. A reduction in FS after HGT predicts a lower rate of surgical complications. Level of Evidence: 3
A semi-automatic tool to georeference historical landscape images

Smapshot is a web-based participatory virtual globe where users can georeference historical images of the landscape by clicking a minimum of six well identifiable correspondence points between the image and a 3D virtual globe. The images database is expected to grow exponentially. In a near future, the work of the web users will no longer be enough. To tackle this issue, we developed a semi-automatic process to georeference images. The volunteers will be shown only images having a maximum number of neighbour images in the matching graph. These neighbour images are the ones with which they share some overlay. This overlap is detected using the SIFT algorithm in a pairewise matching process. For an image pair made of a reference image with a known pose and a query image we want to georeference, we extracted the 3D world coordinates of the tie points from a digital elevation model. Then, by running a perspective-n-point algorithm after having geometrically tested the resulting homography between the two images, we compute the 6 degree of freedom pose, i.e. the position (X,Y,Z) and orientation (azimuth, tilt and roll angles) of the query image. The query image then becomes a reference and the georeference computation can be propagated more deeply in the graph structure.
MOIST HEAT TREATMENT AS A METHOD OF IMPROVING THE NUTRITIVE VALUE OF Icacinia manni (EARTH BALL) FOR BROILERS

An experiment was conducted to determine the nutritive value of moist heat-treated Icacinia manni (earth ball) meal for broilers. Sun-dried Icacinia manni meal was soaked in water over-night and then put in small plastic sachets and cooked for one hour as is done in the production of moi- moi. Thereafter it was again dried in the sun and milled. The Icacinia manni meal so produced was included in broiler starter diets at 0, 10, 20 and 30%, respectively and each diet fed to a group of 30 young broiler chicks for 4 weeks. At the end of the starter phase, the birds were reshuffled , grouped into 3 of 30 birds each and fed diets containing the meal at 0, 10 and 20%, respectively, for another 4 weeks. The design of the experiment was the completely randomized design (CRD). Daily feed intakes of the groups at the starter phase were 50.80, 31.04, 18.48 and 14.91gm, for the control (0%), 10, 20 and 30%, respectively and were significantly (P 0.05)
Effects of Motivational Factors on Job Satisfaction: An Empirical Study on Malaysian Gen-Y Administrative and Diplomatic Officers

Purpose - This study examines the relationship between motivator and hygiene factors of the two-factor theory and job satisfaction of Gen-Y. Design/ Methodology/ Approach - Totally 128 full time Gen-Y employees of the Malaysian Administrative and Diplomatic officers completed a questionnaire measuring their motivator and hygiene factors and job satisfaction. The motivators were measured by work values questionnaire (WVQ) with 25 items, and job satisfaction was measured with a 15-item questionnaire adapted from Warr et al., (1979). The scales for all questions were seven point Likert scales. Factor analysis, T-Test, regression, and One-way ANOVA were applied in the data analysis. Findings - The results revealed that employees' motivators are related significantly to their intrinsic job satisfaction. However, employees' hygiene factors are not significantly related to extrinsic job satisfaction. This result is inconsistent with the previous study of Furnham A. and Eracleous A. (2009) and supports Locke's (1976) criticism of Herzberg's theory. Research limitations - The limitation of this study was that it used self-report measure in investigating motivational factors as well as job satisfaction and therefore the defensive bias in self-reporting was not controlled. Originality/Value - This paper revealed that hygiene factors might not affect a person's extrinsic job satisfaction in the Malaysian context and specifically among Malaysian Gen Y. Further research should be performed to find other factors influencing Gen Y's job satisfaction.