Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Symptom Endorsement of Alcohol and Other Substance Abuse and Dependence Criteria Among American-Indian Adolescents in Residential Substance Abuse Treatment

Abstract Objective. This study addresses the prevalence of DSM-IV substance abuse and dependence and the endorsement of specific symptoms of these disorders among American-Indian adolescents admitted to a residential substance abuse treatment program. Method. We interviewed 89 American Indian adolescents using the Composite International Diagnostic Interview-Substance Abuse Module (CIDI-SAM). Results. The most frequent diagnoses included marijuana dependence (51.7%), followed by alcohol abuse and dependence (33.7% each) and marijuana abuse (32.6%). Among the three substances with the highest prevalence of any use disorder (alcohol, marijuana, and stimulants), the most frequently endorsed abuse criterion was Impaired Role Obligations. The two most frequently endorsed dependence criteria were Use Despite Substance-Related Psychological/Physical Problems and Unsuccessful Attempts to Quit/Cut down on substance use. Conclusions. These American-Indian adolescents presented to a residential substance abuse treatment program with serious, highly complex substance use disorders that represent substantial challenges to effective treatment.
Feasibility of liver transient elastography with FibroScan® using a new probe for obese patients

Background & Aims: Liver stiffness measurement (LSM) failure when using transient elastography occurs in 2–10% of patients, and is generally related to obesity. The aim of this prospective study was to assess the feasibility of LSM when using a new XL probe on patients with a body mass index (BMI)≥30 kg/m2.
A Engenharia de Serviço na Indústria Naval

Este artigo busca averiguar o uso dos conceitos de Engenharia de Serviço na indústria naval brasileira, contextualizado no cenário de crescimento que este setor se encontra atualmente. Com uma abordagem utilizando Sistemas de Produto-Serviço, cada vez mais aplicados em outras áreas da indústria, o conceito de Internet das Coisas, que permite transparência e dados em tempo real, e o middleware H-Env, que facilita o desenvolvimento e comunicação das entidades atuantes do framework, este trabalho objetiva realizar melhorias nos processos existentes ao longo do ciclo de vida de um navio, desde o seu projeto e construção em um ambiente de estaleiro, passando pelo uso e fretamento, até o seu desmonte.
Aerobic fitness and somatic growth in adolescents: a cross sectional investigation in a high school context.

AIM A cross-sectional investigation to study the relations between aerobic fitness and somatic growth of Italian adolescents within a school context. METHODS The Léger and Lambert 20-m shuttle run test scores were used to estimate the oxygen uptake (VO2max) of 290 high school adolescent students aged 14-18 years. Descriptive statistics of body mass, standing height, body mass index (BMI) and of predicted VO2max were calculated within age and sex group. RESULTS Body mass and standing height were significantly larger in males than in females, and significantly increased with age (P < 0.002, analysis of variance). For standing height, a significant sex age interaction was found (P = 0.0004), with a larger age-related increment in males than in females. No significant differences in BMI were found. VO2max was significantly influenced by sex and age. The age-related decrement in VO2max was larger in females than in males (P = 0.001). Predicted VO2max was significantly related to BMI (males: r = -0.41; females: r = -0.336) and to body mass (females: r = -0.34; males: r = -0.352). A negative relationship between BMI and VO2max was found also in the overweight adolescents. CONCLUSIONS In both sexes, aerobic fitness declined with age. The decline was particularly evident in females. Low-cost methods to detect the nutritional level and aerobic performance of adolescents should be encouraged at school.
A complete measurement system for integrated antennas at millimeter wavelengths

An integrated high dynamic range approach is presented to accurately measure the radiation pattern, the scattering parameters, and the gain of integrated on-wafer antennas operating in the millimeter-wave frequency band. To avoid interconnection problems such as connector mounting, RF probes are used to connect to the antenna. This measurement system is specially designed to avoid scattering and parasitic radiation of RF probes in order to increase the dynamic range of the measurements. The mm-wave frequency band is split into two with each band having its own conceptual solution, and a special gain measurement technique is foreseen. The proposed system shows at least a 20 dB increment in the measurement dynamic range. Also, it can measure the nulls of a radiation pattern with much higher precision, down to ca. -30 dBi with respect to the maximum. This is much lower than most systems described in open literature. The setup is intended to work between 30-90 GHz.
Urinary incontinence in cystic fibrosis.

Survival into adult life is now secured for the majority of patients with cystic fibrosis (CF). 1 Although respiratory failure remains the major cause of morbidity and mortality it is the extrapulmonary complications, as a consequence of improved longevity which continually challenge the respiratory physiotherapist. Urinary incontinence (UI) is now established world wide as a problem for women and girls with CF.2–11 There is little reference to urinary leakage in men and boys although this does occasionally occur.10,12 The few reports of faecal incontinence for all groups would indicate that in adults it is a rare occurrence but may be increased in children.2,5,6,9 The major cause of UI is coughing2–5 and whilst for many it is perceived to cause few problems for others it is distressing and impacts considerably on their lifestyle.13 There is little information on the assessment and treatment of the condition although pelvic floor muscle exercises (PFME) have shown some improvement in symptoms.13 The mechanisms of incontinence in CF are likely to be multifactorial. Pelvic floor muscles (PFM) do not work in isolation for the maintenance of continence but act synergistically with all muscles of the abdomino-pelvic cavity to contribute to spinal stability, intra-abdominal pressure and continence.14 This review will report what is known in CF in relation to the prevalence and treatment of incontinence, describe the normal mechanism of cough and continence and identify some potential factors which may influence the failure of this mechanism to preserve continence in some of our patients.
Racial Differences in Effects of Religiosity and Mastery on Psychological Distress

This research engages nationally representative longitudinal data and a multipopulation LISREL model to investigate variation among black and white Americans in the impact of religiosity and mastery on psychological distress. Guided by the stress and coping perspective and prominent theorizing about how religiosity influences mental health, the model assesses not only direct effects of religiosity and mastery on distress but also the possibility of religiosity and mastery inhibiting distress indirectly (via effects on other coping resources or stressors) and attenuating the distress-inducing properties of individual stressors. Findings solidly support the endorsed proposition of religiosity’s being particularly beneficial to blacks’ emotional well-being and moderately support the prediction of mastery’s being primarily helpful to whites’. Public religiosity substantially eclipses private and subjective religiosity as a facilitator of blacks’ emotional well-being, and although main effects dominate, there are significant mediation and moderation effects of religiosity or mastery within each race.
Uncoupling ecological innovation and speciation in sea snakes (Elapidae, Hydrophiinae, Hydrophiini)

The viviparous sea snakes (Hydrophiini) are by far the most successful living marine reptiles, with ∼60 species that comprise a prominent component of shallow‐water marine ecosystems throughout the Indo‐West Pacific. Phylogenetically nested within the ∼100 species of terrestrial Australo‐Melanesian elapids (Hydrophiinae), molecular timescales suggest that the Hydrophiini are also very young, perhaps only ∼8–13 Myr old. Here, we use likelihood‐based analyses of combined phylogenetic and taxonomic data for Hydrophiinae to show that the initial invasion of marine habitats was not accompanied by elevated diversification rates. Rather, a dramatic three to six‐fold increase in diversification rates occurred at least 3–5 Myr after this transition, in a single nested clade: the Hydrophis group accounts for ∼80% of species richness in Hydrophiini and ∼35% of species richness in (terrestrial and marine) Hydrophiinae. Furthermore, other co‐distributed lineages of viviparous sea snakes (and marine Laticauda, Acrochordus and homalopsid snakes) are not especially species rich. Invasion of the oceans has not (by itself) accelerated diversification in Hydrophiini; novelties characterizing the Hydrophis group alone must have contributed to its evolutionary and ecological success.
The natural history of trauma-related coagulopathy: implications for treatment.

BACKGROUND Hemorrhage is a leading cause of death in trauma patients and coagulopathy is a significant contributor. Although the exact mechanisms of trauma-associated coagulopathy (TAC) are incompletely understood, hemostatic resuscitation strategies have been developed to treat TAC. Our study sought to identify which trauma patients develop TAC and the factors associated with its development, to describe the natural history of TAC, and to identify patients with TAC who may not require hemostatic resuscitation. METHODS Patients with early coagulopathy (International Normalized Ratio >1.3) who were admitted directly from the scene within 1 hour of injury were identified in our institutional trauma registry. We analyzed these data for the presence of TAC, predictors of early and delayed TAC, and evolution of TAC during the first 24 hours of admission. RESULTS Of 2,473 patients, 290 (12%) had early TAC (International Normalized Ratio >1.3) and 271 (11%) developed delayed TAC. Multivariate analysis identified female gender (odds ratio [OR] 1.25 [1.11-1.41]), lower pH (OR 0.08 [0.015-0.47]), lower hemoglobin (OR 0.96 [0.95-0.97]), lower temperature (OR 0.82 [0.70-0.95]), and blunt mechanism (OR 0.49 [0.33-0.71]) as factors significantly associated with development of early TAC. Progression of early TAC occurred in 64%, and these patients had more severe abdominal injury and received more emergency room crystalloid. Of patients with early TAC who did not receive fresh frozen plasma, only 49% developed worsening coagulopathy. Patients with isolated intracranial hemorrhage had higher rates of bleeding progression (75% vs. 20%, p < 0.005) in the presence of early TAC. CONCLUSIONS TAC may appear in an early or delayed form and its presence and progression are associated with a number of identifiable factors. Although TAC commonly progresses, it also resolves spontaneously in many patients. Further research is required to identify which patients with TAC require hemostatic treatment, although those with intracranial hemorrhages seem to warrant aggressive therapy.
Optical imaging of carrier dynamics in silicon with subwavelength resolution

Characteristic rate variations of carrier processes are imaged using near-field scanning optical microscopy. We couple both a visible pump and an infrared probe light through a subwavelength aperture to investigate the interband recombination and intraband diffusion of excess carriers in oxidized silicon. Typical values of the locally measured life time constants agree well with those obtained by conventional space-averaged techniques. Moreover, the images locate defects, reveal variations, and can map the regions in which a recombination process is active.
[Studies on chemical constituents and pharmacological effects of the stem of Cynomorium songaricum Rupr].

OBJECTIVE In order to exploit the medicinal resources and provide a scientific evidence for the clinical use and quality of Cynomorium songaricum control, the chemical constituents and pharmacological effects of the stem of the plant were studied preliminarily. METHOD The chemical constituents were studied by spectral analysis and chemical method. The pharmacological effects were studied by an experiment on the defecation and deficiency of kidney function. RESULT AND CONCLUSION Seven compounds were isolated from the stem of C. songaricum and identified as beta-sitosterol(I), palmitic acid (II), ursloic acid (III), daucosterol (IV), (-)-catechin (VI), naringenin-4'-O-pyranogluoside (VII) and succinicyacid (XII). Compounds VI and XII were isolated from this species for the first time. The pharmacological results show that the different extracts facilitate catharsis and replenish the deficiency of kidney yang.
Industrial design students oriented teaching and practice on form style cognition

During the teaching process, the author guided the students collecting sample images of products of various types, and conducting cognitive experiments to get 10 groups of images with high identification levels. Then author organized the students to employ focus group method to conclude the different styles' forming rules and analyze the details design of different styles, such as holes, slots, keys, printed texts and patterns, bevels, transition surface, colors, textures and so on. Therefore the students can understand the relationships between the form details and the product styles, which contributes to students' future study and practice in product design.
Design and Analysis of Partially Parallel Encoder for 16-Bit Polar Codes

Polar codes have become an important error correction codes due to their competence achieving property. Successive cancellation (SC) algorithm is considered as a good candidate for hardware design of polar decoders due to its low complexity. Although the previous fully parallel encoder is sensitive and easy to implement, it is not suitable for long polar codes because of the huge hardware complexity required. The Partial parallel encoder is intuitive and easy to implement, it is not suitable for long polar codes because of the huge hardware complexity required. The partial parallel encoder architecture that is adequate for long polar codes but increases in delay. The proposed architecture is used to avoid the faulty outputs in the propagation path of encoder circuit and delay element is added in each and every stage to get fault free output. In this brief, we analyze the encoding process in the viewpoint of very-largescale integration implementation and simulation result shows the reduction in faulty output.
Best-case Analysis of MergeSort with an Application to the Sum of Digits Problem, A manuscript (MS)

An exact formula \[ B(n) = \frac{n}{2}(\lfloor \lg n \rfloor + 1) - \sum _{k=0} ^{\lfloor \lg n \rfloor} 2^k Zigzag(\frac{n}{2^{k+1}}), \] where \[ Zigzag (x) = \min (x - \lfloor x \rfloor, \lceil x \rceil - x), \] for the minimal number $ B(n) $ of comparisons of keys performed by $ {\tt MergeSort} $ on an $ n $-element array is derived and analyzed. The said formula is less complex than any other known formula for the same and can be evaluated in $ O(\log ^{c}) $ time, where $ c $ is a constant. It is shown that there is no closed-form formula for the above. Since the recurrence relation for the minimal number of comparisons of keys for $ {\tt MergeSort} $ is identical with a recurrence relation for the number of 1s in binary expansions of all integers between $ 0 $ and $ n $ (exclusively), the above results extend to the sum of binary digits problem.
Notice of RetractionThe study on uncertainty and portfolio of household financial assets

This paper studies the relationship between uncertainty and portfolio of household financial assets by empirical analysis. Our study aim is to provide households with more theoretical guidance and practice mode about portfolio of financial assets. In this paper, we regard Beijing households as investigative objects. Firstly, based on the Chow test, we find that uncertainty aroused by China' institution change will influence portfolio of household financial assets. Secondly, portfolio of household financial assets is excessively sensitive to household income shocks based on excessively sensitive equation. Finally, based on co-integration theory and error correction model, this paper well analyzes the influence of income uncertainty to portfolio of household financial assets.
Understanding Reputational Crisis: Definition, Properties, and Consequences

To better understand the nature of reputational crisis, this study examined two crisis events using the corporate ability (CA) and corporate social responsibility (CSR) crisis categorization frameworks. This scenario-based experimental study validates the usefulness of the CA–CSR crisis categorization by demonstrating that not only do people actually discern differences between these two types of crises, but their awareness of a crisis type also influences their interpretation of the crisis, as well as their perceptions of and attitudes toward the target firm. In particular, this study shows that a CSR crisis, versus a CA crisis, is interpreted more seriously and, consequently, causes heavier damage to the evaluation of the firm. In addition, the halo effect of a favorable prior reputation was found in the CA crisis condition, but not in the CSR condition. Based on these findings, this study suggests that the recognition of CA and CSR crises provides a boundary condition, which determines divergent effects of crises on perceivers' evaluation of the target firm.
Functional studies of N‐terminally modified CYP2J2 epoxygenase in model lipid bilayers

CYP2J2 epoxygenase is a membrane bound cytochrome P450 that converts omega‐3 and omega‐6 fatty acids into physiologically active epoxides. In this work, we present a comprehensive comparison of the effects of N‐terminal modifications on the properties of CYP2J2 with respect to the activity of the protein in model lipid bilayers using Nanodiscs. We demonstrate that the complete truncation of the N‐terminus changes the association of this protein with the E.coli membrane but does not disrupt incorporation in the lipid bilayers of Nanodiscs. Notably, the introduction of silent mutations at the N‐terminus was used to express full length CYP2J2 in E. coli while maintaining wild‐type functionality. We further show that lipid bilayers are essential for the productive use of NADPH for ebastine hydroxylation by CYP2J2. Taken together, it was determined that the presence of the N‐terminus is not as critical as the presence of a membrane environment for efficient electron transfer from cytochrome P450 reductase to CYP2J2 for ebastine hydroxylation in Nanodiscs. This suggests that adopting the native‐like conformation of CYP2J2 and cytochrome P450 reductase in lipid bilayers is essential for effective use of reducing equivalents from NADPH for ebastine hydroxylation.
Frequent mitochondrial gene introgression among high elevation Tibetan megophryid frogs revealed by conflicting gene genealogies

Historical mitochondrial introgression causes differences between a species’ mitochondrial gene genealogy and its nuclear gene genealogy, making tree‐based species delineation ambiguous. Using sequence data from one mitochondrial gene (cytochrome b) and three nuclear genes (introns), we examined the evolutionary history of four high elevation Tibetan megophryid frog species, Scutiger boulengeri, Scutiger glandulatus, Scutiger mammatus and Scutiger tuberculatus. The three nuclear genes shared a similar history but the mitochondrial gene tree suggested a drastically different evolutionary scenario. The conflicts between them were explained by multiple episodes of mitochondrial introgression events via historical interspecific hybridization. ‘Foreign’ mitochondrial genomes might have been fixed in populations and extended through a large portion of the species’ distribution. Some hybridization events were probably as old as 10 Myr, while others were recent. An F1 hybrid was also identified. Historical hybridization events among the four species appeared to be persistent and were not restricted to the period of Pleistocene glaciation, as in several other well‐studied cases. Furthermore, hybridization involved several species and occurred in multiple directions, and there was no indication of one mitochondrial genome being superior to others. In addition, incomplete lineage sorting resulting from budding speciation may have also explained some discrepancies between the mitochondrial DNA and nuclear gene trees. Combining all evidences, the former ‘Scutiger mammatus’ appeared to be two species, including a new species. With the availability of a wide range of highly variable nuclear gene markers, we recommend using a combination of mitochondrial gene and multiple nuclear genes to reveal a complete species history.
New Paradigms for Cancer Drug Discovery?

Discovering drugs has never been an easy task. Traditionally, this task has exclusively been undertaken by large pharmaceutical companies that recovered their high R&D costs by selling expensive medications. Despite the huge amount of time and effort devoted towards drug discovery over the last decade, the successful therapy of cancer has been limited. There are signs that the approach of how to discover drugs might change, especially in the field of cancer. Recently, several academic institutions have started to develop their own drug discovery programs. By pointing out the critical elements of the cancer drug discovery process, we examine why it would not be a surprise if some future cancer drugs will come out of academic research institutions and complement the ones developed by big pharma.
Self-reported "communication technology" usage in patients attending a cardiology outpatient clinic in a remote regional hospital.

PURPOSE This study assessed the perceived usage of, and attitudes toward, communication technologies (mobile phone and texting, e-mail, and the World Wide Web) in patients attending a cardiology clinic with a view to guiding future health service redesign. METHODS This was performed in a remote regional hospital serving both urban and rural populations. A self-completion questionnaire was completed by a convenience sample of 221 patients attending a general cardiology clinic. The questions asked about patients' access to and use of technology at home. Data collected also included age, gender, travel time to the clinic, mode of travel, and whether the respondent was accompanied to the clinic. Appropriate statistical tests were used with significance taken at the 0.05 level. FINDINGS Age was the strongest predictor of use of communication technologies, with younger patients more likely to use e-mail, Web, mobile phone, and texting. However, frequency of use of e-mail was not related to age. It is encouraging that over 99% of patients used at least one communication technology. CONCLUSIONS This study has highlighted that there may be several potential barriers to the widespread implementation of communication technologies in general cardiology patients. Cognizance should be taken of these findings when attempting service redesign.
Migrating type a intramural hematoma after repair of an anomalous right coronary artery aortocoronary dissection with a covered stent

Iatrogenic aortocoronary dissection is a rare and potentially life‐threatening complication of percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). Prompt coronary stenting can stop progression and avoid the need for surgical intervention. Herein, we describe a case of migrating aortic intramural hematoma (IMH) after repair of an anomalous right coronary artery aortocoronary dissection with a covered stent. © 2011 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.