Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Effects of provirus integration in the Tpl-1/Ets-1 locus in Moloney murine leukemia virus-induced rat T-cell lymphomas: levels of expression, polyadenylation, transcriptional initiation, and differential splicing of the Ets-1 mRNA

The Tpl-1 locus was defined as a genomic DNA region which is targeted by provirus insertion during progression of Moloney murine leukemia virus-induced rat T-cell lymphomas. Using a panel of 156 (Mus musculus x Mus spretus) x Mus musculus interspecific backcross mice, we mapped Tpl-1 to mouse chromosome 9 at a distance of 1.2 +/- 0.9 centimorgans from the Ets-1 proto-oncogene (S.E. Bear, A. Bellacosa, P.A. Lazo, N.A. Jenkins, N.G. Copeland, C. Hanson, G. Levan, and P.N. Tsichlis, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 86:7495-7499, 1989). In this report, we present evidence that all the known Tpl-1 provirus insertions occurred immediately 5' of the first exon of Ets-1 (exon A) and that the earlier detected distance between Tpl-1 and Ets-1 was due to the high frequency of meiotic recombination in the region between the site of provirus integration and exon III. Northern (RNA) blot analysis of polyadenylated RNA from normal adult rat tissues and Moloney murine leukemia virus-induced T-cell lymphomas and hybridization to a Tpl-1/Ets-1 probe derived from the 5' end of the gene revealed two lymphoid cell-specific RNA transcripts, of 5.5 and 2.2 kb. Sequence analysis of a near-full-length (4,991-bp) cDNA clone of the 5.5-kb RNA revealed a 441-amino-acid open reading frame encoding a protein identical to the human and mouse Ets-1 proteins with the exception of five and nine species-specific conservative amino acid differences, respectively. The steady-state level of the Tpl-1/Ets-1 RNA and of the Ets-1 protein was modestly elevated in tumors carrying a provirus in the Tpl-1 locus. The relative ratio of the two Ets-1 transcripts, which were shown to arise by differential polyadenylation, was not affected by provirus insertion. Moreover, the major site of transcriptional initiation, which was localized by primer extension 250 bp upstream of the 5' end of the Ets-1 cDNA clone, was shown to be identical in normal cells and tumors carrying a provirus in the Tpl-1 locus. Finally, the differential splicing of Ets-1 exon VII was shown by RNase protection to occur at a rate of 15 to 26% and to remain unaffected by provirus insertion. The subtlety of these effects, in contrast to the strong growth selection of cells with a provirus in the Tpl-1/Ets-1 locus, suggests that provirus insertion may affect the fine regulation of the gene, perhaps during cell cycle progression.
Análisis de un programa informático para estimular la atención en personas mayores

La atencion es el proceso psicologico quepermite al sujeto reunir los recursos mentalesque necesita para poder procesar aquellos as-pectos seleccionados del medio ambiente conmas detalle que los aspectos no seleccionados(Ballesteros, 2002). Otra manera de entenderla atencion, es un mecanismo que controla ydistribuye los recursos mentales de los quedispone el sistema cognitivo en cada momen-to. Los componentes principales de la aten-cion son, por tanto, la seleccion y el control, a
RNA labeling and immobilization for nano-displacement measurement: probing three-dimensional RNA structure

RNA molecules play essential roles in many biological processes, including the storage and transfer of information in the cell. These events are mediated via RNA-protein interactions or by catalytic RNA molecules. It is now recognized that unique RNA folds are associated with biological functions. Therefore, to study the intrinsic structural changes and dynamics which regulate the various functions of RNA, it is necessary to probe its three-dimensional structure in solution. In this respect, using single-molecule methodologies may allow study of native RNA molecules independent of their size and in real time. However, this may require the immobilization of RNA on a surface. Here, we report a novel approach to immobilize RNA on a glass. The procedures involve both chemical and enzymatic modifications of long RNA molecules. In addition, we demonstrate the application of an optical tweezers apparatus to measure the length and, hence, the dynamics of immobilized intact ribosomal RNA molecules as a function of different solution conditions.
Shedding Light on the Etiology of Sports Injuries: A Look Behind the Scenes of Time-to-Event Analyses.

SYNOPSIS The etiological mechanism underpinning any sports-related injury is complex and multifactorial. Frequently, athletes perceive "excessive training" as the principal factor in their injury, an observation that is biologically plausible yet somewhat ambiguous. If the applied training load is suddenly increased, this may increase the risk for sports injury development, irrespective of the absolute amount of training. Indeed, little to no rigorous scientific evidence exists to support the hypothesis that fluctuations in training load, compared to absolute training load, are more important in explaining sports injury development. One reason for this could be that prospective data from scientific studies should be analyzed in a different manner. Time-to-event analysis is a useful statistical tool in which to analyze the influence of changing exposures on injury risk. However, the potential of time-to-event analysis remains insufficiently exploited in sports injury research. Therefore, the purpose of the present article was to present and discuss measures of association used in time-to-event analyses and to present the advanced concept of time-varying exposures and outcomes. In the paper, different measures of association, such as cumulative relative risk, cumulative risk difference, and the classical hazard rate ratio, are presented in a nontechnical manner, and suggestions for interpretation of study results are provided. To summarize, time-to-event analysis complements the statistical arsenal of sports injury prevention researchers, because it enables them to analyze the complex and highly dynamic reality of injury etiology, injury recurrence, and time to recovery across a range of sporting contexts.
Genetics of sexual development: A new paradigm

The classical paradigm of human and mammalian sexual development, largely based on work of Alfred Jost, depicts the genetic factor(s) that determine(s) sex as influencing only the fate of the gonad. A maleness factor produces testes (Primary Sex Determination). These organs secrete hormones which cause male Secondary Sexual Differentiation. In absence of the maleness factor, by default the gonad becomes an ovary, and the absence of testicular hormones leads to female secondary differentiation. In this article a new paradigm is proposed, to accommodate recent findings. Sexual dimorphism precedes gonadal development, in a Pregonadal Stage. Furthermore, female development is not by default—both male (Y) and female (X) sex‐chromosomal primary sex‐determining mechanisms probably exist. The human/mammalian male Y‐chromosomal sex‐determining gene is now known (SRY/Sry), and a candidate for a non‐inactivated, X‐linked, female determining factor, is under study. However, the proximate gonad‐determining genes are probably on autosomes. Pathways between the primary factors and the proximate gonad‐determining genes are indirect and complex. A hypothetical gene Z has been proposed, that inhibits the testis determiner and is itself the target of suppression by SRY/Sry. Candidates for proximate testis and ovary‐determining factors and for Z also exist. The “default” concept has also been superseded with respect to secondary sexual differentiation. Absence of testicular hormones does not produce a normal female phenotype; ovarian genes and hormones are necessary. Finally, sex‐chromosomal sex‐determining genes influence the development not only of non‐gonadal organs of secondary sexual development, but also of organs outside of the reproductive system. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Fears of children and adolescents: a cross-sectional Australian study using the Revised-Fear Survey Schedule for Children.

The Revised-Fear Survey Schedule for Children was administered to over 3000 Australian youths, aged 8-16 yrs. Consistent with previous findings, there was a significant age-related decline in fears. Females reported significantly more fears than males. The most common fears were similar to those reported by children and adolescents in the U.S.A. Nuclear war was added to the stimulus items and found to be the most commonly endorsed fear. Thus the self-reports of fear showed a concern for physical danger and harm.
NF-Dedupe: A novel no-fingerprint deduplication scheme for flash-based SSDs

NAND flash-based Solid State Drives (SSDs) have been widely deployed in data centers of cloud computing due to their high performance compared with hard disks, while the limited lifespan of flash memory makes SSDs not very suitable for write-intensive applications. Deduplication is an effective method used to reduce the write traffic of applications thus can be used to extend the lifespan of SSDs. However, traditional deduplication schemes rely on the time-consuming fingerprint computing process to find duplicated data, which may impair the write performance of SSDs. Accordingly, Pre-hashing was proposed to reduce the chances of fingerprint computing thus improving the performance of SSDs with deduplication, but at the cost of degrading deduplication rate. In this paper, we propose NF-Dedupe, a new deduplication scheme that needs no fingerprint computing for flash-based SSDs. NF-Dedupe determines whether a write page is duplicated or not by comparing the write page with its potential duplicated page read from underlying flash chips byte by byte, rather than relying on the comparison of fingerprints. As flash memory is known for its high parallelism and low read latency, reading a page from flash chip and comparing two pages byte by byte introduce lower overhead than the fingerprint computing does. We evaluate the NF-Dedupe via trace-driven simulations. Experimental results have shown that NF-Dedupe outperforms the other approaches and can achieve the deduplication rate ranging from 5.3% to 29.9% and the write latency is improved by a factor of up to 21% with an average of 12%.
Do Information Security Professionals and Business Managers View Information Security Issues Differently?

Organizations today know that information technology is essential not only for daily operations but also for gaining strategic advantage in the marketplace. The importance of information technology means that information security has also become important. Breaches in information security can result in litigation, financial losses, damage to brands, loss of customer confidence, loss of business partner confidence, and can even cause the organization to go out of business. A recent study (Knapp, Marshall, Rainer, & Morrow 2006) surveyed 874 certified information system security professionals (CISSPs) to determine and rank the top 25 information security issues. Of the 18 highest-ranked issues, 10 were more managerial in nature rather than technical. Table 1 shows these ten issues with their ranks in parentheses. As we consider these ten issues as a whole, we see how critically important it is for information security professionals to have strong business, management, and organizational skills. As we look at each issue individually, we see a list of specific areas where information security professionals should have competence in order to effectively operate in an organizational context. The list of issues in Table 1 represents the issues with which information security professionals often have the most difficulty addressing. For example, three of these issues emphasize the need for excellent communication between information security professionals and business managers. The issues of “top management support,” “low funding and inadequate budgets,” and “justifying security expenditures” are closely related. The support of organizational executives is clearly needed to obtain the necessary funding for the information security function. To obtain this funding, information security professionals must present a coherent business case for information security needs. Information security professionals must also communicate with the entire user community to raise their awareness of information security issues through training and education, thereby promoting an organizational culture attuned to information security. Information security professionals must also work with business managers and the user community during the risk Address correspondence to R. Kelly Rainer, Jr., Ph.D., George Phillips Privett Professor of Management Information Systems at Auburn University, Auburn, Alabama. E-mail: rainerk@auburn.edu Do Information Security Professionals and Business Managers View Information Security Issues Differently?
VIOLÊNCIA CONTRA AS MULHERES : A LEI MARIA DA PENHA E SUAS IMPLICAÇÕES JURÍDICAS E SOCIAIS EM DOURADOS-MS

O objetivo da presente pesquisa compreende uma investigacao e analise dos fatores que motivaram a criacao da Lei no. 11.340, sancionada no dia 07 de agosto de 2006, conhecida como Lei Maria da Penha. Analisamos, mais especificamente, quais as mudancas processadas na vida das mulheres da cidade de Dourados, Estado de Mato Grosso do Sul, atendidas pelo Centro de Atendimento as Mulheres vitimas de violencia Viva Mulher, a partir da implementacao da Lei. Para isso examinamos minuciosamente os dados de atendimento a mulheres vitimas de violencia, arquivados no Centro de Atendimento, considerando o periodo de 2001 a 2009, cujos acontecimentos sao recentes do ponto de vista historico. Alem dos documentos realizamos entrevistas orais com essas mulheres e pessoas do poder publico. Outras fontes foram fundamentais no processo de pesquisa e analises dos dados, dentre elas o dialogo que estabelecemos com obras que tratam do tema, especialmente, aquelas que refletem sobre o patriarcado, genero e violencia, conceitos basicos para o estudo exposto. O referencial teorico associado aos resultados da pesquisa de campo nos mostrou que a criacao da Lei Maria da Penha coloca em evidencia a existencia de estruturas sociais historicas, com base em poderes diferenciados e que ainda sao mantidas, principalmente aquelas que reservam maiores poderes aos homens na relacao com as mulheres. Nesse percurso percebemos a contradicao social, presente nos dias de hoje, de mulheres em situacoes e condicoes de invisibilidades, e/ou de violencias, sejam estas simbolicas, fisicas, psicologicas, sexuais, patrimoniais ou morais. A execucao da Lei Maria da Penha vem questionando o poder que socio-historicamente foi conferido aos homens. Observamos que este tem sido o grande resultado da referida Lei, porque evidenciou serios problemas que socialmente eram mantidos enquanto pequenas problematicas, mas que subjugavam mulheres e conferiam poderes diferenciados aos homens, como se estes pudessem legislar sobre a vida das mulheres. Todavia elas se utilizam da Lei como um meio para cessar a violencia que sofrem em suas casas, mesmo quando nao dao continuidade aos processos que efetuam contra seus agressores. Elas querem somente aplicar um susto neles. Essa maneira de agirem se deve ao fato das mulheres terem interiorizado as normas difundidas pelo patriarcado, que sempre as subjugou e hoje, elas ainda tem um grande caminho a trilhar a fim de que se sintam empoderadas a ponto de decidirem em nao mais viver sob formas de dominacao/subordinacao. Enfim, a Lei Maria da Penha tem sido um importante recurso de mudanca de conduta social para homens e mulheres, mas para que seja aplicada em sua integra e preciso que conjuntamente a ela ocorra fomento de politicas publicas em todos os segmentos sociais e institucionais no sentido de transforme poderes e relacao, viabilizando a construcao de novas relacoes entre as pessoas e melhorar o seu convivio
The organization of STI control in the Netherlands — an overview

The organization of STI-control in the Netherlands is described. STIs represent a relatively modest health problem in the Netherlands. Chlamydia trachomatis is the most frequent STI. Recent reports show that STIs are on the rise again, especially amongst gay men. The general health system deals with STIs, the main professionals are: the general practitioners, public health nurses and dermatovenereologists. The larger cities have specific STI-clinics. Prevention is a cornerstone in Dutch STI-control. At a regional level, the municipal health services play a major role in policy and prevention. At a national level, several specific organizations are active. In general the STI-system is of good quality. Future attention is needed for the financial arrangement, surveillance and the rising incidence of STIs.
L’ADN mitochondrial, nouvel acteur de l’immunité innée, est-il impliqué dans la polyarthrite rhumatoïde ? Détection, quantification et étude de sa source cellulaire

La polyarthrite rhumatoide (PR) est un rhumatisme inflammatoire auto-immun sous-tendu par une reponse immunitaire innee et adaptative dirigee contre les peptides citrullines. Plusieurs travaux recents ont souligne que l’ADN mitochondrial (ADN mt) etait un activateur de l’immunite innee, exercant un role pro-inflammatoire systemique ou local. Inducteur d’arthrite dans un modele murin, son implication a ete peu etudiee dans la PR. Nous avons analyse les plasmas et liquides synoviaux (LS) de 57 PR comparativement a 12 arthrites microcristallines (AM), 12 arthroses (OA) et 15 volontaires sains. Il apparait que les LS de PR et d’AM contiennent significativement plus d’ADN mt que les LS d’OA (p=0,0007 et p<0,0001) ; de meme pour les plasmas de PR et d’AM comparativement a ceux de sujets sains (p=0,0237 et p=0,0302). Les taux articulaires d’ADN mt dans la PR augmentent avec l’activite clinique de la maladie mesuree par le score DAS 28- CRP et correlent avec la CRP (r=0,82, p<0 ,0001), ce qui n’est pas le cas pour les taux plasmatiques. Le nombre de polynucleaires neutrophiles (PNN), principaux constituants cellulaires du LS, est correle a la quantite d’ADN mt articulaire (r=0,75, p=0,0017). En outre, le contenu intracellulaire en ADN mt des PNN articulaires de PR est 4,59 fois plus bas que celui des PNN sanguins, suggerant une liberation locale d’ADN mt par le PNN. L’ADN mt est donc implique dans les rhumatismes inflammatoires (PR et AM). Il constitue un marqueur de l’activite inflammatoire articulaire, au meme titre que le PNN qui represente vraisemblablement sa source cellulaire.
Hybrid-DPLL-based constant-envelope modulator for Internet-of-Things chipsets

A constant-envelope modulator is presented for Internet-of-Things (IoT) wireless connectivity technologies such as Bluetooth Low-Energy (BLE) and IEEE 802.15. 4 ZigBee. It is based on the recently introduced hybrid digital phase-locked loop (HDPLL). It features direct frequency modulation of a digitally controlled oscillator (DCO) and a 2nd-order Delta-Sigma (ΔΣ) mixed-signal closed-loop phase/frequency detector (PFD). The ΔΣ PFD employs charge-pump (CP) PLL front end components for analog quality phase-error detection and a 1st-order ΔΣ ADC with dynamically adjusted digitization resolution. Digital requantization and noise cancellation facilitate low-power analog implementation. The inherent capability of the ΔΣ PFD to provide digital frequency error detection feedback allows for robust HDPLL-based TX self-calibration against the process-voltage-temperature (PVT) variations of its analog components.
Essential fatty acids in the nutrition of severely neurologically disabled children

Since the food habits of many elderly people are inadequate, the first experiment of the present study tested whether flavour amplification induces changes in preferences for and consumption of food and thus might result in a nutritional benefit. Two panels, one of 260 and one of 120 subjects, aged 19–98 years, took part in the study in which preferences for flavour-amplified yoghurt and Quorn® were measured. For both products, only a few of the young subjects (20 %) preferred the high flavour level; the percentage of subjects preferring the high flavour levels increased with age. These changes were highly significant. In a second experiment, participants received, under ad libitum conditions over 2 d in random order, a dish of yoghurt with either a high or a low flavour level. When adjusted for total consumption quantity, consumption of the highly flavoured yoghurt was not significantly correlated with age (r -0·03, P = 0·35). In a third experiment, odour perception was measured by determining the detection threshold for isoamylacetate. BMI values were obtained and the relationships between BMI and odour perception, age, preference and consumption were assessed in the age group 40–65 years. A significant correlation was observed between age and BMI (r 0·51, P < 0·0005). No significant correlation was observed between BMI and relative consumption of highly flavoured yoghurt (r -0·14, P = 0·14). A significant correlation was observed between BMI and preference for flavour-amplified yoghurt (r 0·35, P < 0·001). However, no significant correlation was observed between BMI and odour perception (r 0·07, P = 0·32). With increasing age, a combined influence of age, sex, BMI and odour perception on food preference is to be expected. According to our multiple regression analysis, BMI showed a significant partial regression coefficient (standardized β 0·36, P = 0·03). In conclusion, flavour amplification of food for older adults deserves attention, but specific approaches, which are tailored to the candidate food systems and older adult target groups, are needed.
Progressive retinal atrophy. A review of the genetics and an appraisal of the eradication scheme.

The literature on the genetics of progressive retinal atrophy has been reviewed with reference to hereditary degeneration of the retina in man and other animals. Of the possible modes of transmission only simple recessive autosomal genes have been unequivocally implicated. The British Veterinary Association Scheme to combat this illness is criticized as being unsuited to a recessively controlled condition which often makes its first appearance in mature animals. Criticisms are that the breeding potential of the afflicted animals is reduced inefficiently and in any case that afflicted dogs form only a small proportion of those carrying the gene. I t is suggested that a register be opened to note the afflicted, carrier and suspect carrier animals and that stronger pressures than at present be brought to bear on the owners to prevent breeding. I N T R O D U C T I O N In 1966 the British Veterinary Association in conjunction with the Kennel Club of Great Britain sponsored a scheme aimed at reducing the incidence of progressive retinal atrophy (PRA), but certain features of the condition make an ideal scheme difficult to devise. This article is an effort to review the genetic aspects of the problem and to stimulate thought about modifications to the scheme which might prove beneficial. I N A N I M A L S O T H E R T H A N T H E D O G Hereditary degeneration of the retina has been described in man (van Trigt, * Present address : Wellcome Laboratory, Pirbright, Surrey.