Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Fairness scheduling with dynamic priority for multi workflow on heterogeneous systems

In Heterogeneous Computing Systems, completion time and overall fairness are both crucial to multi workflow scheduling. Unfortunately, most dynamic workflow scheduling algorithms fail to take fairness into account or adapt unreasonable fairness policy, which will probably result in some DAGs' scheduling failure in certain scenarios when they can't complete all the tasks before deadline. Aiming at the need to solve the flaws mentioned above, we propose a novel dynamic workflow scheduling algorithm named FSDP (Fairness Scheduling with Dynamic Priority for Multi Workflow). The algorithm focuses on the deadline of each workflow to achieve a more reasonable fairness when allocating the processors so that those urgent workflows can acquire a higher priority. Also, a new metric, urgency, is proposed to update priority. Experimental results show that it is possible to meet different requirements of dynamic workflows.
It's Time for Foreign Languages to be Moved off the Back Burner: Parlez-Vous Francais?

Spouse Employment: Of the 51.6 % married, 83.9% have fully employed spouses. Vacations: 50% have not had a two-week vacation in the last three years; 16% have had one; 12% have had two; and 22% have had a vacation each of the last three years. Community Activity: 85% see themselves as part of the community; 25% are highly involved, especially through church work; 33% are faily involved. Professional Organizations: 71.5% holds memberships in local associations. 16% belong to the National Eduation Association; 3.8% belong to the American Federation of Teachers. Candidate for Public Office: Only 2.6% during their entire teaching careers have been candidates for public office. (Although 60.4% voted in the last general election.) Most Common Reasons for Choosing the Teaching Profession: 1. A strong desire to work with young people; 2. Believe that it is an important service; 3. Permits them to follow their interests in their subject fields.
Impact analysis of reducing multi-provincial irrigation subsidies in China: a policy simulation based on a CGE model

Water pricing policy is believed to be an efficient method for addressing the water scarcity problem in China. The motivation of this study is to provide a better understanding of how reducing irrigation subsidies impacts farming sectors and rural households. We apply a Computable General Equilibrium model to simulate the irrigation water and irrigation subsidy in 16 provinces. The results show that reducing irrigation has great potential for resolving the water scarcity problem in China, especially for the provinces with high subsidy levels such as Guangdong, Shandong, and Jilin. The declines in farming outputs are significant, and then their producer prices and imports increase. Rural households suffer serious losses in food consumption, particularly for those in Jilin, Guangdong, and Shandong. As for policy recommendation, improving the mobility of cropland should be given greater attention for promoting water conservation, and improving the mobility of agricultural labor could mitigate the losses in the farming outputs and in the food consumption for rural households in most provinces. Reduction in irrigation subsidy as a policy option should be adopted gradually, and then increasing the water demand elasticity should be taken into account when the irrigation water price is close to the full-cost recovery level.
The children’s sport participation and physical activity study (CSPPA study) - volunteer study

The Volunteer Study is part of the Children’s Sport Participation and Physical Activity Study (CSPPA), a unique multi-centre study undertaken by University College Cork, University of Limerick and Dublin City University on behalf of the Irish Sports Council. It brought together expertise from sport and coaching studies, physical education and physical activity for health. The purpose of the study was to provide insight into issues surrounding volunteering in sports and activity clubs in a child and youth context. Volunteers play a pivotal role in community sport and physical activity programmes, and their engagement with children and youth influences the potential for lifelong physical activity participation and consequently the current and future health profiles of this population. This study contributes to the understanding and promotion of best practice in these contexts; it also explores strategies for engaging and supporting volunteers and sport organisations in their roles. This study builds upon previous research conducted in the Irish context that draws attention to the role, experience and contribution that volunteers make to Irish sport (Delaney & Fahey, 2005; Maleney, 2007). Some caution must be noted in making a direct comparison with previous research due to differences in methodology and sample selection. Volunteer administrators and volunteers responsible for providing sporting opportunities to 4-18 year olds in a variety sports and physical activity programmes across the Republic of Ireland were electronically surveyed and a sub-sample were interviewed in order to gain a richer understanding of their motivations, needs and capacities.
Opposing time trends of peptic ulcer and reflux disease

Background—Gastritis associated hypochlorhydria may be protective against gastro-oesophageal reflux disease. It was hypothesised that the historic decline inHelicobacter pylori infection resulted in a decline in peptic ulcer and a concomitant rise in reflux disease. Aims—To study the time trends of peptic ulcer and reflux disease. Methods—Hospitalisation rates were analysed using the computerised database of the US Department of Veterans Affairs from 1970 until 1995. Death rates were calculated from the Vital Statistics of the United States. Results—From 1970 to 1995, hospitalisation rates for gastric and duodenal ulcer, as well as gastric cancer fell, while the hospitalisation rates for gastro-oesophageal reflux disease and those for oesophageal adenocarcinoma rose significantly. Similar time trends were observed with respect to the death rates. There were notable ethnic differences. White subjects incurred higher rates of reflux disease and oesophageal adenocarcinoma and lower rates of gastric ulcer or cancer compared with non-whites. Conclusions—The ethnic variations and the opposing time trends of gastroduodenal versus oesophageal disease are consistent with the hypothesis that the declining infection rates of H pylori in the general population have led to a rise in the occurrence of gastro-oesophageal reflux disease and associated oesophageal adenocarcinoma.
Electromyography and morphology during regeneration of muscle injury in rats.

Healing of the partially ruptured rat gastrocnemius muscle was studied correlating electromyographical findings with morphological changes. Fibrillation potentials and positive sharp waves were seen both proximal and distal to the injury 7 days after the injury and disappeared in the proximal part by day 14 and in the distal part by day 21. Late components of motor action potential were observed from day 14 onwards. Denervation was mainly myogenic, i.e. caused either by rupture of myofibres, whence the abjunctional stump lost its contact with the neuromuscular junction on the adjunctional stump, or by necrosis of the segment of the ruptured myofibre lying underneath the neuromuscular junction. Lesser extent of denervation was neurogenic, i.e. caused by damage to intramuscular nerve fibres. The reinnervation occurs either by regeneration of the necrotized myofibres, by regeneration of the severed nerves, or by collateral innervation of new neuromuscular junctions in the abjunctional stumps. The present study indicates that electromyography may be useful in the diagnosis and follow-up of skeletal muscle injuries.
L1 CAM expression in the superficial dorsal horn is derived from the dorsal root ganglion

The cell adhesion molecule L1 is highly expressed on embryonic axons and may play a role in axonal outgrowth and fasciculation. Generally only low levels of L1 are found in adult spinal cord except for intense labeling in Lissauer's tract, in laminae I–II, and on dorsolateral funicular axons. In this study we determine the source of L1 immunoreactivity in the dorsal spinal cord, the presence of L1 expression on sprouting axons, and the effect of exercise on L1 expression. We determined the source of L1 immunoreactivity in the superficial dorsal horn by performing acute unilateral rhizotomies (T12–L4) in adult rats. This resulted in a marked decrease in L1 expression in Lissauer's tract and laminae I–II on the deafferented side. The peptidergic and nonpeptidergic small‐diameter primary afferent markers, calcitonin gene‐related peptide (CGRP) and the lectin IB4 respectively, closely correlated with L1 expression and also decreased dramatically after rhizotomy. Considering its developmental role, we asked whether L1 was expressed on sprouting axons following chronic rhizotomy. L1 and CGRP, but not IB4, were detected on sprouting axons. Lastly, we investigated the effect of exercise on L1 expression by giving animals with chronic rhizotomies free access to an exercise wheel. After extensive exercise, L1, CGRP, and IB4 expression levels were unchanged compared with those of sedentary chronic animals. Combined, these data demonstrate that the dorsal root ganglia is a major source of L1‐positive axons in the superficial dorsal horn, that both L1 and CGRP identify sprouting axons following rhizotomy, and that exercise does not upregulate L1 expression. J. Comp. Neurol. 485:267–279, 2005. © 2005 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
FLIES AND FLOWERS IN DARWIN'S RACE

The idea of coevolution originated with Darwin's proposal that long-proboscid pollinators and long-tubed flowers might be engaged in reciprocal selection, but this has not been demonstrated. Here we test key aspects of Darwin's hypothesis of reciprocal selection in an experiment with naturally interacting populations of extremely long-proboscid flies (Moegistorhynchus longirostris: Nemestinidae) and long-tubed irises (Lapeirousia anceps: Iridaceae). We show that the benefit derived by both the fly (volume of nectar consumed) and the plant (number pollen grains received) depends on the relative length of their interacting organs. Each trait is shown to act both as agent and target in directional reciprocal selection, potentially leading to a race. This understanding of how fitness in both species varies in relation to the balance of their armament allows us to make tentative predictions about the nature of selection across multiple communities. We find that in each community a core group of long-tubed plant species might together be involved in diffuse coevolution with the fly. In poorly matched populations, the imbalance in armament is too great to allow reciprocal selection to act, and these species might instead experience one-sided selection that leads to convergence with the core species. Reciprocal selection drives the evolution of the community, then, additional species become attached to the network of interacting mutualists by convergence.
Immune Defence in Mice Lacking Type I and/or Type II Interferon Receptors

Mice lacking the receptor for type I interferon (IFN-alpha beta, A129 mice), for type II interferon (IFN-gamma, G129 mice) or for both receptors (AG129 mice) have been generated by embryonic stem cell mediated gene targeting and inter-crossing A129 x G129, respectively. The role of the two IFN systems in controlling a range of infections has been studied using these mice. Type I IFN is shown to be responsible for the immune defence against most viral infections tested (Lymphocytic Choriomeningitis Virus, Semliki Forest Virus, Theiler's Virus, Vesicular Stomatitis Virus), type II IFN seems to be of little importance. In Vaccinia Virus and Theiler's Virus infection, however, both IFN systems were found to play a nonredundant role. IFN-gamma was critical for the defence against intracellular bacteria (Mycobacterium, Listeria) and parasites (Leishmania), whereas IFN-alpha beta was not. IFN-alpha beta is produced by virus-infected cells within hours and plays an important role in preventing virus spread early. Production of IFN-gamma on the other hand needs activation of the immune system and plays a major role later, i.e. mostly during the immune response. Data obtained with the mice described here show that both IFN systems seem to have evolved to complement each other in the host defence against a wide variety of infectious agents.
ChREBP, a glucose-responsive transcriptional factor, enhances glucose metabolism to support biosynthesis in human cytomegalovirus-infected cells

Significance Human cytomegalovirus (HCMV)-infected cells and tumor cells produce similar alterations in glucose metabolism, including increasing glucose uptake and glycolysis and redirecting glucose carbon to support synthesis of biomolecules. We show that HCMV infection induces the glucose-responsive transcriptional factor carbohydrate-response element binding protein to reprogram glucose metabolism to support lipid and nucleotide synthesis. This study provides insight into viral mechanisms of pathogenesis. Carbohydrate-response element binding protein (ChREBP) plays a key role in regulating glucose metabolism and de novo lipogenesis in metabolic tissues and cancer cells. Here we report that ChREBP is also a critical regulator of the metabolic alterations induced during human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) infection. The expression of both ChREBP-α and ChREBP-β is robustly induced in HCMV-infected human fibroblasts; this induction is required for efficient HCMV infection. Depletion of ChREBP in HCMV-infected cells results in reduction of HCMV-induced glucose transporter 4 and glucose transporter 2 expression, leading to inhibition of glucose uptake, lactate production, nucleotide biosynthesis, and NADPH generation. We previously reported that HCMV infection induces lipogenesis through the activation of sterol regulatory element binding protein 1, which is mediated by the induction of PKR-like endoplasmic reticulum kinase. Data from the present study show that HCMV-induced lipogenesis is also controlled by the induction of ChREBP, in a second mechanism involved in the regulation of HCMV-induced de novo lipogenesis. These results suggest that ChREBP plays a key role in reprogramming glucose and lipid metabolism in HCMV infection.
New member of aldose reductase family proteins overexpressed in human hepatocellular carcinoma

The multistep process of liver carcinogenesis involves various genetic and phenotypic alterations. To identify genes whose expression is increased during hepatocarcinogenesis, differential‐display polymerase chain reaction (DD‐PCR) was used to examine differences in the mRNA composition of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) versus normal liver (nontumor) tissues. This approach identified 67 cDNAs that were preferentially expressed in HCC tissue. When these cDNAs were analyzed by reverse‐Northern analysis, five were reproducibly expressed at high levels in HCC. Interestingly, Northern blot analysis revealed that one of the genes showed significantly increased mRNA levels in all five tested tumor samples, while its mRNA level in the nontumor samples was minimal. BLAST analysis revealed that this gene has high sequence identity with the genes from aldo‐keto reductase family of proteins including the mouse fibroblast growth factor–induced gene (FR‐1) (80% identity), mouse vas deferens protein (MVDP) (76%), and human aldose reductase (AR) (62%). Expression of this novel AR‐related protein in all five tested HCCs suggests that this protein may play an important role in liver carcinogenesis.
Determination of the Genotype and Phenotype of Serum Paraoxonase 1 (PON1) Status in a Group of Agricultural and Nonagricultural Workers in the Coquimbo Region, Chile

Paraoxonase 1 (PON1) is a glycosylated enzyme that is found associated with high-density lipoproteins in blood. In addition to its endogenous antioxidant role, this enzyme is also involved in hydrolysis of organophosphate (OP) pesticides in plasma. PON1 activity shows great variability in the population as a result of a polymorphism in the coding sequence that is expressed as a Glu(Q)/Arg(R) substitution at position 192 of the amino acid sequence. The aim of this study was to determine the activity levels (phenotype) and genotype of PON1 in a group of 85 agricultural workers occupationally exposed to OP pesticides and compared to 97 control subjects without occupational exposure. Allelic and genotypic frequencies of PON1Q192R polymorphism, as well as their catalytic activities, were established for the first time in a group of agricultural Chilean workers. The Q allele was more frequently represented in our studied population (approximately 60%). The Q allele is less efficient than the R allele at metabolizing chlorpyrifos (CPF), the most widely used OP pesticide in the geographical areas where samples were obtained. Further, a large interindividual variability in PON1 activity was observed, suggesting wide variation of individual susceptibility to CPF, an issue that needs to be considered in human monitoring studies.
Decationized polyplexes for gene delivery

Gene therapy has received much attention in the field of drug delivery. Synthetic, nonviral gene delivery systems have gained increasing attention as vectors for gene therapy mainly due to a favorable immunogenicity profile and ease of manufacturing as compared to viral vectors. The great majority of these formulations are based on polycationic structures, due to their ability to interact with negatively charged nucleic acids to spontaneously form nanoparticles. In recent years, several polycationic systems have demonstrated high transfection in vitro. However, progress toward clinical applications has been slow, mainly because the cationic nature of these systems leads to intolerable toxicity levels, inappropriate biodistribution and unsatisfactory efficiency in vivo, particularly after systemic administration. Decationized polyplexes are a new class of gene delivery systems that have been developed as an alternative for conventional polycation-based systems. The major innovation introduced by decationized polyplexes is that these systems are based on neutral polymers, without any detrimental effect on the physicochemical stability or encapsulation ability, due to the transient presence of cationic charge and disulfide cross-links between the polymer chains by which the nucleic acids are physically entrapped in the particles. This editorial summarizes the most important features of decationized polyplexes and discusses potential implications for the development of new safe and efficient gene delivery systems.
Extended DWRR scheduling algorithm in PFTS

The novel concept of physical frame time-slot switching (PFTS) over DWDM (Huaxin Zeng, et al., 2003) has been around for some time. It differs from existing switching techniques over DWDM by its superior QoS mechanisms embedded in and its capability to simplify Internet into a single physical-layer user-data transfer platform architecture (SUPA). This paper proposed the extended deficit weighted round robin (EDWRR) algorithm of output scheduling in a multiple-priority queue environment in PFTS nodes. In such nodes, there are multi-ports in a DWDM-based PFTS node and each port contains multi-lambdas. EDWRR guarantees the delay property of real-time traffic and also efficiently transmits non-real-time traffic. The proposed scheduling algorithm is an improvement and extension of deficit weighted round robin (DWRR) algorithm and guarantees the delay property of real-time traffic by adding a frame transmission procedure based on delay priority. Simulations show that EDWRR has better performance than DWRR in QoS provision of real-time traffic.
Protein degradation rate is the dominant mechanism accounting for the differences in protein abundance of basal p53 in a human breast and colorectal cancer cell line

We determine p53 protein abundances and cell to cell variation in two human cancer cell lines with single cell resolution, and show that the fractional width of the distributions is the same in both cases despite a large difference in average protein copy number. We developed a computational framework to identify dominant mechanisms controlling the variation of protein abundance in a simple model of gene expression from the summary statistics of single cell steady state protein expression distributions. Our results, based on single cell data analysed in a Bayesian framework, lends strong support to a model in which variation in the basal p53 protein abundance may be best explained by variations in the rate of p53 protein degradation. This is supported by measurements of the relative average levels of mRNA which are very similar despite large variation in the level of protein.
Racial Disparities and Barriers to Colorectal Cancer Screening in Rural Areas

Introduction: This study examined barriers to colorectal cancer (CRC) screening in people living in rural areas. Methods: We identified 2 rural counties with high rates of CRC and randomly contacted county residents by telephone using a published listing. Results: Six hundred thirty-five of the 1839 eligible respondents (34.5%) between the ages of 50 and 79 years living in McDuffie and Screven counties, Georgia, agreed to complete the survey. The mean age was 62.2 years (SD, ±7.5 years); 72.4% were women, 79.4% were white, and 19.5% were African American. African-American respondents had lower CRC screening rates (50.4%) than whites (63.4%; P = .009). Significantly more African Americans compared with whites reported barriers to CRC screening. Based on logistic regression analyses, having a physician recommend CRC screening had the strongest association with having a current CRC screening, regardless of race. Conclusions: Important racial differences existed between African Americans and whites regarding the barriers to CRC screening and factors impacting current screening. However, endorsement of a small set of questionnaire items—not race—had the strongest association with being current with screening. Physician recommendation for CRC screening had the strongest association with being current with CRC screening.
Essays on Idiosyncratic Volatility and Asset Pricing

In this thesis, I study three aspects of idiosyncratic volatility. First, I examine the relation between idiosyncratic volatility and future stock returns. Next, I examine the share price effect and its interaction with the idiosyncratic volatility on stock returns. Finally, I examine the time series pattern of monthly aggregate monthly idiosyncratic volatility. In the first chapter, I examine the relation between idiosyncratic volatility and future stock returns. In their paper, Ang, Hodrick, Xing, and Zhang [AHXZ (2006)] show that idiosyncratic volatility is inversely related to future stock returns: low idiosyncratic volatility stocks earn higher returns than do high idiosyncratic volatility stocks. The main contribution of this paper is to provide evidence that it is the month to month changes in idiosyncratic volatility that produce AHXZ’s results. More specifically, a portfolio of stocks that move from Quintile 1 (low idiosyncratic volatility) to Quintile 5 (high idiosyncratic volatility) earns an average risk-adjusted return of 5.64% per month in the month of the change. Whereas, a portfolio of stocks that move from the highest to the lowest idiosyncratic volatility quintiles earns -0.94% per month in the month of the change. Eliminating all firm-