Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
What determines private school choice? a comparison between the UK and Australia

This paper compares patterns of private school attendance in the UK and Australia. About 6.5% of school children in the UK attend a private school, while 33% do so in Australia. We use comparable household panel data from the two countries to model attendance at a private school at age 15 or 16 as a function of household income and other child and parental characteristics. As one might expect, we observe a strong effect of household income on private school attendance. The addition of other household characteristics reduces this income elasticity, and reveals a strong degree of intergenerational transmission in both countries, with children being 8 percentage points more likely to attend a private school if one of their parents attended one in the UK, and anywhere up to 20 percentage points more likely in Australia. The analysis also reveals significant effects of parental education level, political preferences, religious background and the number of siblings on private school attendance.
Epidemiologic and Economic Impact of Natural Gas on Indoor Air Pollution in Colombia 2007

The book of 21 chapters dealing with Air Pollution and its effects in the fields of Health, Environment, Economy and Agricultural Sources. It is divided into four sections. The first one deals with effect of air pollution on health and human body organs. The second section includes the Impact of air pollution on plants and agricultural sources and methods of resistance. The third section includes environmental changes, geographic and climatic conditions due to air pollution. The fourth section includes case studies concerning of the impact of air pollution in the economy and development goals, such as, indoor air pollution in México, indoor air pollution and millennium development goals in Bangladesh, epidemiologic and economic impact of natural gas on indoor air pollution in Colombia and economic growth and air pollution in Iran during development programs. In this book the authors explain the definition of air pollution, the most important pollutants and their different sources and effects on humans and various fields of life. The authors offer different solutions to the problems resulting from air pollution.
GALAOTIC RADIATION AT RADIO FREQUENCIES

One hundred and four discret~ sources have been found from a survey covering declinations +50 to __ 50°. The individual sources are compared in position and flux density with those of pr~vious surveys. The observed distribution shows the concen· tration of sources of all brightnesses to the galactic equator found by Brown and Hazard (1953) and the concentration of the bright sources to the equator found by Mills (1952a, 1952b, 1952c). A new concentration of faint sources is evident in the southern galactic hemisphere. There is strong evidence for departures from a homogeneous isotropic distribution for the sources outside a 20° zone about the galactic equator. Ten identifications between sources and visible objects are suggested; seven of these are between faint sources and extragalactic nebulae of photographic magnitude a-:Jout 12· 5, and three with galactic nebulosities. One of the latter is the expanding shell of Nova Aquila 1918.
Biofilm Formation of Agrobacterium tumefaciens on Abiotic Surface is Independent of Cellulose Synthesizing Gene

Surface attachment is indispensable in the process of biofilm formation in Agrobacterium tumefaciens , which has been attributed to the production of extracellular polysaccharide. Adherence of bacteria on the plant was expected to be strong with cellulose synthesis. However, its role in the biofilm formation on abiotic surface is not known. Biofilm cover-slip assay was carried to estimate the biofilm formation. Biofilm formation was not reduced by truncating ellulose synthesis gene. The celCD deleted strain produced biofilm slightly greater than normal strain NTL4 of A. tumefaciens . Besides, production of extracellular polysaccharide was not reduced in the cellulose gene deleted strain NTL4 celCD. Quantitative estimation showed increased exo-polysaccharide in celCD deleted strain. Abolishing the cellulose synthesis property by truncating the cellulose gene did not affect biofilm formation in abiotic surface. In fact cellulose might be repressing biosynthesis of other polysaccharides responsible in biofilm formation. DOI: http://dx.doi. org/njst.v15i2. 12112 Nepal Journal of Science and Technology Vol. 15, No.2 (2014) 41-46
A rapid inhibitive enzyme assay for monitoring heavy metals pollution in the Juru Industrial Estate

The volume of contaminated rivers in Malaysia continues to keep rising through the years. The cost of instrumental monitoring is uneconomical and prohibits schedule monitoring of contaminants particularly heavy metals. In this work, a rapid enzyme assay utilizing the molybdenum-reducing enzyme as an inhibitive assay, prepared in crude form from the molybdenum-reducing bacterium Serratia sp. strain DRY5 has been developed for monitoring the heavy metals mercury, silver, copper and chromium in contaminated waters in the Juru Industrial Estate. The crude enzyme extract transformed soluble molybdenum (phosphomolybdate) into a deep blue solution, which is inhibited by heavy metals such as mercury, silver, copper and chromium. The IC50 and Limits of Detection (LOD) values for mercury, copper, silver and cadmium were 0.245, 0.298, 0.367, 0.326, and 0.124, 0.086, 0.088 and 0.094 mg L-1, respectively. The assay is rapid, and can be carried out in less than 10 minutes. In addition, the assay can be carried out at ambient temperature. The IC50 values for these heavy metals are more sensitive than several established assays. Water samples from various locations in the month of November from the Juru Industrial Estate (Penang) were tested for the presence of heavy metals using the developed assay. Enzyme activity was nearly inhibited for water samples from several locations. The presence of heavy metals was confirmed instrumentally using Atomic Emission Spectrometry and a Flow Injection Mercury System. The assay is rapid and simple and can be used as a first screening method for large scale monitoring of heavy metals.
The key determinants of perceived external prestige (PEP) – Qualitative research approach

Perceived external prestige (PEP) is a well-known concept oriented towards describing the way members of a certain organization interpret and assess their organisational reputation. Such perception can significantly affect employees’ identification and loyalty to the organisation as well as their job satisfaction and work performance. According to the social identification theory, people define themselves and others with respect to their belonging to a particular group or organization, and their basic motive is a personal need for self-respect and a sense of pride. Employees’ perception of being members of an important, reputable and significant organisation contributes to the feeling of self-respect, which increases their individual social value and status. According to literature, there are only few objections to the concept of PEP, mainly those related to the determination of its structure and, with it, to its management. Although there is a growing literature on PEP, it is still not clear whether PEP is a one-dimensional or a multidimensional construct. If PEP is a multidimensional concept, it is important to specify its key components, in order to enhance the management of favourable organizational prestige in a real work environment. The purpose of this paper was to determine the structure of PEP and important sources of information, based on which, employees value the prestige of their organisation. Qualitative research was conducted, comprising nine semi-structured interviews with communication experts working for a multinational organisation operating in several European countries. The results of this paper indicate that PEP is a multidimensional construct, with several components, important for its creation and management. Those components can be
Development and Validation of Models to Predict Hospital Admission for Emergency Department Patients

Abstract: Background : Boarding, or patients waiting to be admitted to hospital, has been shown as a significant contributing factor at overcrowding in emergency departments (ED). Predicting hospital admission at triage has been proposed as having the potential to help alleviate ED overcrowding. The objective of this paper is to develop and validate a model to predict hospital admission at triage to help alleviate ED overcrowding. Methods : Administrative records between April 1, 2010 and November 31, 2010 in an adult ED were used to derive and validate two prediction models, one based on Coxian phase type distribution (the PH model), the other based on logistic regression. Separate data sets were used for model development (data between April 1, 2010 and July 31, 2010) and validation (data between August 1, 2010 and November 31, 2010). Results : There were a total of 14,542 ED visits and 2,602 (17.89%) hospital admissions in the derivation cohort. In both models, acuity levels, model of arrival, and main reason of the visit are strong predictors of hospital admission; number of patients at the ED, as well as gender, are also predictors, albeit with ORs closer to 1. Patient age and timing of visits are not strong predictors. The PH model has an AUC of 0.89 compared with AUC of 0.83 for logistic regression model; with a cut- off value of 0.50, the PH model correctly predicted 86.3% of visits, compared to 84.4% for the logistic regression model. Results of the validation cohort were similar: the PH model has an AUC of 0.88, compared to AUC of 0.83 for the logistic model. Conclusions : PH and logistic models can be used to provide reasonably accurate prediction of hospital admission for ED patients, with the PH model offering more accurate predictions.
pH Mediated Control Synthesis of Lanthanide-Doped YPO4 Upconversion Nano/Microcrystals

A pH-mediated rational control over the phase transformation, morphology and size of lanthanide doped YPO4 nano/microcrystals has been accomplished using a hydrothermal route. The morphology of the resulting particles evolves from the spheres, to the nanoflakes and finally to the nanorods when increasing the pH value of the reaction solution from 1 to 9, while the induction of crystal phase transformation from a tetragonal structure to a hexagonal structure takes place at pH = 5. When excited at 980 nm, the hexagonal phase YPO4â¢0.8H2O: 18%Yb3+, 2%Er3+ nanoflakes prepared at pH = 7 exhibit the strongest UC emission intensity among investigated samples of varying size, phase and morphologies. This work provides a paradigm on the controlled synthesis of lanthanide doped upconverting orthophosphates, which hold great promise for various photonic and biophotonic applications.
Soil, water and nutrient losses by interrill erosion from green cane cultivation

Interrill erosion occurs by the particle breakdown caused by raindrop impact, by particle transport in surface runoff, by dragging and suspension of particles disaggregated from the soil surface, thus removing organic matter and nutrients that are essential for agricultural production. Crop residues on the soil surface modify the characteristics of the runoff generated by rainfall and the consequent particle breakdown and sediment transport resulting from erosion. The objective of this study was to determine the minimum amount of mulch that must be maintained on the soil surface of a sugarcane plantation to reduce the soil, water and nutrient losses by decreasing interrill erosion. The study was conducted in Pradopolis, Sao Paulo State, in 0.5 x 1.0 m plots of an Oxisol, testing five treatments in four replications. The application rates were based on the crop residue production of the area of 1.4 kg m-2 (T1- no cane trash; T2-25 % of the cane trash; T3- 50 % trash; T4-75 % trash; T5-100 % sugarcane residues on the surface), and simulated rainfall was applied at an intensity of 65 mm h-1 for 60 min. Runoff samples were collected in plastic containers and soon after taken to the laboratory to quantify the losses of soil, water and nutrients. To minimize soil loss by interrill erosion, 75 % of the cane mulch must be maintained on the soil, to control water loss 50 % must be maintained and 25 % trash controls organic matter and nutrient losses. This information can contribute to optimize the use of this resource for soil conservation on the one hand and the production of clean energy in sugar and alcohol industries on the other.
Assessing Georgia Consumer Attitudes and Beliefs about Locally or Regionally Produced Livestock and Products

Local and regional food production has gained increased interest of consumers in recent years. The study, therefore, focused on assessing consumer attitudes and beliefs on local or regional livestock products. Data were obtained from a convenience sample of 432 participants from South Central Alabama, and were analyzed using descriptive statistics, including chi-square tests. A majority of respondents thought using chemicals and additives in locally or regionally produced beef or goat meat was a serious hazard. Therefore, many were willing to pay more for meat certified as locally or regionally produced. Also, most agreed or strongly agreed with statements on meat attributes. Chi-square tests showed that gender, education, and household income had significant relationships with willingness to pay more for meat certified as locally or regionally produced. Furthermore, safety, no difference, affordability, desirability, and hygiene had significant relationships with willingness to pay more for meat certified as locally or regionally produced.
Digestibility, ingestive behaviour and performance of non-descript breed hair lambs of different sexual classes subjected to feed restriction.

ABSTRACT. The aim of this work was to evaluate the effect of feed restriction and sexual classes on digestibility, ingestive behaviour and performance of non-descript breed hair lambs. Forty-five animals (15 males, 15 castrated males and 15 females) were distributed in a completely randomized 3 x 3 factorial design, with three feeding levels: ad libitum feeding (positive energy balance), 70% restriction of the ad libitum intake (maintenance level) and 80% restriction of the ad libitum intake (negative energy balance). For all variables, there was no effect of sexual class nor interaction of sexual class with feeding levels ( P > 0.05). Animals fed restricted diets had a higher rumination time per unit of dry matter intake ( P < 0.05). Digestibility was higher in feed-restricted lambs ( P < 0.05). Weight gain and feed efficiency were lower for feed restriction ( P < 0.05). Sexual class did not affect intake, digestibility, ingestive behaviour, or performance. Feed restriction affected digestibility and ingestive behaviour.
Combining ability for Fusarium head blight resistance in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)

Fusarium head blight (FHB) caused by Fusarium graminearum reduces wheat (Triticum aestivum L. em. Thell) grain yield and end-use quality worldwide. Three each of FHB susceptible ('Nekota', '2137', and 'Harding') and resistant ('Ning 7840', 'ND2710' and 'BacUp') parents were included in a partial diallel mating design (Griffing's Method 4, Model 1). The F4:5 progeny was evaluated for healthy index, undamaged kernels, and deoxynivalenol (DON) content following artificial inoculation and mist-irrigation in 2006 and 2007. General combining ability (GCA) was highly significant (P < 0.01) for healthy index; whereas specific combining ability (SCA) and GCA-by-year interaction were not significant. The combining ability ratio and narrow-sense heritability were 0.95 and 0.83, respectively. The Genotype, Genotype-by-Environment (GGE) biplot analysis showed that the ND2710/BacUp combination had the best healthy index and undamaged kernels; whereas Ning 7840 contributed resistance to DON accumulation. The results indicated additive gene effects mainly control that healthy index. Thus, genetic gain in developing resistance in wheat can be achieved through selection
Task-Based Approach and English Language Training Course for English Majors

English Language Training Course is now taken as a reform to be widely used in English teaching. But without a good approach, the teaching is still not effective. Task-Based Approach is relatively novel, which can arouse the learners’ passion for English learning. The paper, based on the Task-Based Approach, discusses application procedures in teaching English Language Training Course to prove the effectiveness of improving the students’ pragmatic and communicative ability in learning English.
Wood density and growth rate of European and hybrid aspen in Southern Finland

Aspen species are mainly used for paper production in Finland. In order to increase the cutting potential, hybrid aspen has lately been planted in southern Finland. In this study we compared the rotation-time-long growth rate and within-stem density distribution of mature European and hybrid aspen. The material consisted of 30 naturally born European aspen trees and 45 planted hybrid aspen trees from southern Finland. From those trees, altogether 225 discs were measured for the ring-width data and 5109 specimens for the basic density data. The results showed that after an initiation phase of 5–10 years, European aspen grows relatively steadily ca. 5–8 mm/a in diameter, until the tree age exceeds ca. 50 years. Thereafter the diameter growth decreases. Hybrid aspen attains the average diameter growth of 10–14 mm/a, at the age of 10–20 years. At the age of 25, the diameter growth has already decreased down to the level of 5–6 mm/a. The within-stem density distribution was more uniform in hybrid aspen. The average basic densities of European and hybrid aspen wood material were 376 and 363 kg/m 3 , respectively.
The Importance of a Multidisciplinary Clinical Evaluation in Palliative Care: Two Clinical Cases with Bone Fracture

Background: Palliative and oncology units should work in a multidisciplinary organization, this being the best clinical practice actually known. Multidisciplinary osteo oncology units specialized in oncologic and palliative care with the capacity for taking critical decisions is really something new in our clinical practice. Nevertheless, the oncologic patient’s approach, under palliative strategy and with a bone fracture is not always straightforward, as it requires complex decision-making that demand a multidisciplinary engagement. Case study: We present different clinical cases where we explain how we are working in taking critical decisions in palliative care breast patients with bone fracture. In the last decades, in Portugal, there has been a change of the paradigm, in which medical oncology is concerned. It has been taking over a role each time more predominant in the clinical dynamics, serving as a connecting link among the different fields. The integration of palliative care in medical oncology practice, contributes to an improvement of the patients’ quality of life and survival. Nonetheless, it should be based upon the medical evidence. The critical decision in palliative care imposes a profound reflection as it has a real impact, which cannot be underestimated. Therefore, it is important its discussion within the team, taking into consideration the patient’s global vision and the real knowledge of the technical capacities in the hospital where the patient sought treatment. We still consider that the maintenance of the patient’s contact with the hospital, physicians and medical oncology assistants, assumes a fundamental character, which reinforces its importance in the palliative care sector. Conclusion: The different therapeutic options provided for the patients want to fulfill the purpose of improving their quality of life and survival. However, they only became achievable through the multidisciplinary evaluation carried out in a clinical context, which forces us to emphasize its crucial character, not only in the clinical approach of the oncological patients as well as those who are selected for palliative care.
Religiosity, sexual myths, sex taboos, and pornography use: A cross-national comparison of Polish and German university students

The study aimed to compare pornography use of students in two culturally different European countries – Poland and Germany, and to investigate associations with religiosity, sexual myths, and sex taboos. Data were collected in an online survey among German (n = 1303) and Polish (n = 1135) university students aged 18-26 years. Polish students were more religious, showed a greater acceptance of sexual myths, and reported a higher level of sex taboos in their origin families. Polish students were younger at their first contact with pornography, while German students used pornographic materials more often. Results suggested a link between sociocultural background, especially religiosity, and pornography engagement. The relationship between pornography use and religiosity was ambiguous. On the one hand, attending church was negatively associated with age at first contact and pornography use. On the other hand, the association of intrinsic religiosity with pornography use proved to be contradictory: it was correlated with a lower frequency of pornography use for females and with a higher frequency for males. The agreement with common sexual myths was related to a higher frequency of pornography use. There was no association between the level of sex taboos and pornography use.
Dynamic Recurrent Wavelet Neural Network Observer Based Tracking Control for a Class of Uncertain Nonaffine Systems

In this paper, a dynamic recurrent wavelet neural network observer and tracking control strategy is presented for a class of uncertain, nonaffine systems. In proposed scheme a dynamic recurrent wavelet network is used to design a nonlinear observer . Adaptation laws are developed for the online tuning of wavelet parameters. Based on the estimated states, a state feedback control law is derived to achieve the desired tracking performance. The stability of closed loop system and ultimate upper boundedness all closed loop signals is proven in Lyapunov sense. Effectiveness of proposed scheme is demonstrated through numerical simulation.
THE EFFECT OF REHABILITATION METHOD BASED ON EXISTENTIAL APPROACH AND OLSON'S MODEL ON MARITAL SATISFACTION

Objectives: Mastectomy as a treatment for breast cancer can disturb marital satisfaction of many couples. In this way, existential anxieties stemming from this potentially deleterious event, and inefficient responses to them, could be mediating. The purpose of this study is to investigate the effectiveness of a rehabilitation method based on existential approach and Olson's marital enrichment model on marital satisfaction of women who had undergone mastectomy and their husbands . Methods: In this study, a single subject research design is used. The study population comprised couples who had referred to Radiotherapy department of Imam Hussein hospital in Tehran, that among them three couples whose average age was 20 to 50 years old, wife's had undergone mastectomy, tumor has not spread to other parts of the body, and had no prior history of psychiatric disorders before cancer, were selected through purposeful sampling and Intervention in 12 sessions of 90 minutes once a week, has been designed to suit their specific needs. The level of couple's marital satisfaction was evaluated using Dyadic Adjustment Scale. Results: Comparing couple's scores on the diagram during 9 time measurement (3 times baseline, 4 times during intervention, and 2 times follow up assessment) and calculating recovery percentage, represent increasing in score of marital adjustment scale .