Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Effectiveness of a perioperative pulmonary rehabilitation program following coronary artery bypass graft surgery in patients with and without COPD

Purpose It is unclear whether the effectiveness of pulmonary rehabilitation program (PRP) after cardiac surgery differs between patients with and without COPD. This study aimed to compare the effectiveness of PRP between patients with and without COPD undergoing coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) surgery. Patients and methods We retrospectively included patients who underwent CABG surgery and received 3-week PRP from January 2009 to December 2013. We excluded patients who underwent emergency surgery, had an unstable hemodynamic status, were ventilator dependent or did not complete the PRP. Demographics, muscle strength, degree of dyspnea, pulmonary function and postoperative complications were compared. Results Seventy-eight patients were enrolled (COPD group, n=40; non-COPD group, n=38). Maximal inspiratory pressure (MIP; −34.52 cmH2O vs −43.25 cmH2O, P<0.01; −34.67 cmH2O vs −48.18 cmH2O, P<0.01), maximal expiratory pressure (MEP; 32.15 cmH2O vs 46.05 cmH2O, P<0.01; 37.78 cmH2O vs 45.72 cmH2O, P<0.01) and respiratory rate (RR; 20.65 breath/minute vs 17.02 breath/minute, P<0.01; 20.65 breath/minute vs 17.34 breath/minute, P<0.01) in COPD and non-COPD groups, respectively, showed significant improvement, but were not significantly different between the two groups. Forced vital capacity (FVC; 0.85 L vs 1.25 L, P<0.01), forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV1; 0.75 L vs 1.08 L, P<0.01), peak expiratory flow (PEF; 0.99 L vs 1.79 L, P<0.01) and forced expiratory flow between 25% and 75% of vital capacity (FEF25–75; 0.68 L vs 1.15 L, P<0.01) showed significant improvement between postoperative Days 1 and 14 in the COPD group. FVC (1.11 L vs 1.36 L, P<0.05), FEV1 (96 L vs 1.09 L, P<0.05) and FEF25–75 (1.03 L vs 1.26 L, P<0.05) were significantly improved in the non-COPD group. However, only PEF (80.8% vs 10.1%, P<0.01) and FEF25–75 (67.6% vs 22.3%, P<0.05) were more significantly improved in the COPD group than in the non-COPD group. Conclusion PRP significantly improved respiratory muscle strength and lung function in patients with and without COPD who underwent CABG surgery. However, PRP is more effective in improving PEF and FEF25–75 in COPD patients.
Compressed sensing dynamic MRI reconstruction using multi-scale 3D convolutional sparse coding with elastic net regularization

In this paper, we introduce a fast alternating method to reconstruct highly undersampled dynamic MRI data by using multi-scale 3D convolutional sparse coding. The proposed method concurrently builds a multi-scale 3D dictionary as the MRI reconstruction proceeds by using a variant of the alternating direction method of multipliers algorithm. In addition, elastic net regularization is also applied to take the advantages of both lasso and ridge regularizations for promoting better sparse approximation to the measurement data. We demonstrate that the reconstruction quality of our method is higher than the state-of-the-art dictionary-based MRI reconstruction algorithms.
Obstacles and Future Prospects: Considerations on Health Promotion Activities for Older Workers in Europe

The ageing of workers is one of the most important issues for occupational health and safety in Europe. The ageing of the active population means that health promotion is a necessity rather than a mere option. This review considers barriers and perspectives for workplace health promotion for older workers. Lack of awareness on the part of management and inflexibility in the occupational health and safety system appear to be major barriers. To overcome these, it will be necessary to disseminate knowledge regarding the effectiveness of health promotion actions for older workers, encourage greater involvement on the part of social partners, recover resources by replacing medical consumerism and bureaucratic practices, adopt an integrated approach combining the prevention of occupational risks and the promotion of healthy lifestyles, and recognize subsidiarity and the ability of working communities to regulate themselves.
On "needing" Propositions and "looking for" Properties

These display the hallmark properties of intensional contexts, namely failure of extensional substitution and lack of existential import: replacing the object in (1a) with an extensionally equivalent expression alters the truth conditions of the sentence even if the sets of semanticists and syntacticians are identical, looking for one is different from looking for the other. Lack of existential import is witnessed by the fact that the truth of (1b) does not imply that there is a beer (in the relevant context). ITV’s have been of great interest for linguistic semantics right from the beginning. Following the discussion in Quine (1960) (which was primarily concerned with philosophical issues related to intensionality, and not directly with linguistic matters), they have played an important role in a number of arguments concerning basic features of semantic theory: in the tradition of generative semantics, they were used to argue for lexical decomposition (Dowty 1979), Montague and researchers working in his framework used them to argue that we need a fully intensional semantics, including intensional quantifiers (Montague 1974, Partee 1974), and, more recently, they have been argued to be a case of verbs taking property level objects (Van Geenhoven and McNally 2005, Zimmermann 1993). The central question in the analysis of ITVs is how the verb combines with its object argument. This has to take place in some way different from the way it does in the case of regular transitive verbs, since the objects of ITVs can be interpreted intensionally. There are three proposals for accounting for the intensional nature of the object position of ITVs: the intensional quantifier analysis (Moltmann 1997, Montague 1974), the propositional analysis (Larson et al. 1997, McCawley
A 500-MHz Bandwidth 7.5-mVpp Ripple Power-Amplifier Supply Modulator for RF Polar Transmitters

The parallel combination of a switching and a linear amplifier in the supply modulator for RF power amplifiers (PAs) has the potential to enhance energy efficiency while achieving wider bandwidth and lower ripple output voltage. In this paper, a linear amplifier that features a buffered-switching Class-AB bias scheme is presented for the supply modulator in polar-transmitter structures achieving 500 MHz of small-signal 3-dB bandwidth at a 1.2-V supply. The linear amplifier absorbs and cancels up to 60 mA of ripple current from the switching amplifier. As such, the ripple in the output voltage of the hybrid linear-switching supply modulator is less than 7.5 mV<sub>pp</sub>. The switching amplifier provides most of the signal current for greatest efficiency owing to a proposed rail-to-rail current-sensing circuit. Current feedback in the switching amplifier achieves 1.68-MHz unity-gain bandwidth at 6-MHz switching frequency. Harmonic distortion in the output voltage of the supply modulator is below 40 dBc at 0.8 V<sub>pp</sub> sinusoidal input up to 9 MHz. The peak efficiency is 87.7% for a 8.25-<inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\Omega $ </tex-math></inline-formula> load, while the maximum output power is 23.6 dBm for a 4.99-<inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\Omega $ </tex-math></inline-formula> load. The chip measures 1.35 mm<sup>2</sup> in a 65-nm standard bulk CMOS process.
Change in Prolactin Levels in Pediatric Patients Given Antipsychotics for Schizophrenia and Schizophrenia Spectrum Disorders: A Network Meta-Analysis

Background Treatment of schizophrenia with first- and second-generation antipsychotics has been associated with elevated prolactin levels, which may increase the risk for prolactin-related adverse events. Methods Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) included in a recent systematic review were considered for this analysis. A Bayesian network meta-analysis was used to compare changes in prolactin levels in pediatric patients diagnosed with schizophrenia or schizophrenia spectrum disorders treated with second-generation antipsychotics (SGAs). Results Five RCTs, including 989 patients combined, have evaluated the changes in prolactin for pediatric patients after 6 weeks of treatment with risperidone, quetiapine, aripiprazole, olanzapine, and paliperidone. In the overall study population, treatment with risperidone was associated with the highest increase in mean prolactin levels compared to other SGAs. Patients treated with risperidone 4–6 mg/day were found to experience the greatest increases (55.06 ng/ml [95% CrI: 40.53–69.58]) in prolactin levels, followed by risperidone 1–3 mg/day, paliperidone 3–6 mg/day, and paliperidone 6–12 mg/day. Conclusions This study shows that there are differences in SGAs ability to cause hyperprolactinemia. Further, there is clear evidence of safety concerns with risperidone and paliperidone treatment in adolescent schizophrenia patients. Registration PROSPERO CRD42014009506.
El desafío de la efectividad en la justicia penal juvenil

Este articulo reflexiona acerca de la efectividad de la intervencion implementada con jovenes infractores de ley por los Programas de Reinsercion Social. Particularmente, se desarrolla el concepto de practicas efectivas e intervencion basada en evidencia en el ambito de la justicia juvenil en Chile. Se analizan los alcances y limitaciones existentes para observar la efectividad de las intervenciones en el contexto nacional, y se identifican algunos desafios especificos para el trabajo social
NLP_HZ at SemEval-2018 Task 9: a Nearest Neighbor Approach

Hypernym discovery aims to discover the hypernym word sets given a hyponym word and proper corpus. This paper proposes a simple but effective method for the discovery of hypernym sets based on word embedding, which can be used to measure the contextual similarities between words. Given a test hyponym word, we get its hypernym lists by computing the similarities between the hyponym word and words in the training data, and fill the test word’s hypernym lists with the hypernym list in the training set of the nearest similarity distance to the test word. In SemEval 2018 task9, our results, achieve 1st on Spanish, 2nd on Italian, 6th on English in the metric of MAP.
SiGe BiCMOS technology for mm-wave systems

This paper reviews a 0.13 μm BiCMOS technology with high-speed SiGe HBTs featuring maximum oscillation frequencies fmax of 500 GHz, transit frequencies fT of 300 GHz, and CML ring oscillator gate delays of 2.0 ps. The HBTs exhibit breakdown voltages BVCEO of 1.6 V and BVCBO of 5.1 V. The improvement of RF performance compared to the preceding HBT generation is attributed to scaled lateral device dimensions, modified vertical doping profiles, a reduced thermal budget, a lower silicide resistance, and a changed wafer orientation.
Epigenetic drift of H3K27me3 in aging links glycolysis to healthy longevity in Drosophila

Epigenetic alteration has been implicated in aging. However, the mechanism by which epigenetic change impacts aging remains to be understood. H3K27me3, a highly conserved histone modification signifying transcriptional repression, is marked and maintained by Polycomb Repressive Complexes (PRCs). Here, we explore the mechanism by which age-modulated increase of H3K27me3 impacts adult lifespan. Using Drosophila, we reveal that aging leads to loss of fidelity in epigenetic marking and drift of H3K27me3 and consequential reduction in the expression of glycolytic genes with negative effects on energy production and redox state. We show that a reduction of H3K27me3 by PRCs-deficiency promotes glycolysis and healthy lifespan. While perturbing glycolysis diminishes the pro-lifespan benefits mediated by PRCs-deficiency, transgenic increase of glycolytic genes in wild-type animals extends longevity. Together, we propose that epigenetic drift of H3K27me3 is one of the molecular mechanisms that contribute to aging and that stimulation of glycolysis promotes metabolic health and longevity.
Wolves at SemEval-2018 Task 10: Semantic Discrimination based on Knowledge and Association

This paper describes the system submitted to SemEval 2018 shared task 10 ‘Capturing Dicriminative Attributes’. We use a combination of knowledge-based and co-occurrence features to capture the semantic difference between two words in relation to an attribute. We define scores based on association measures, ngram counts, word similarity, and ConceptNet relations. The system is ranked 4th (joint) on the official leaderboard of the task.
Teaching keylogging and network eavesdropping attacks: Student threat and school liability concerns

Nowadays, keylogging and network eavesdropping are very common network attacks and important topics in information security education. This paper discusses what academics need to know about keylogging and network eavesdropping attacks. The paper does so in the hope that it will encourage the teaching of these security topics when offering modules on information security. Then, the paper discusses the threat of teaching keylogging and network eavesdropping attacks and proposes steps to minimize the risk of inappropriate student behavior and reduce institutional liability.
Generation of Femtosecond Laser-Cut Decellularized Corneal Lenticule Using Hypotonic Trypsin-EDTA Solution for Corneal Tissue Engineering

Purpose To establish an optimized and standardized protocol for the development of optimal scaffold for bioengineering corneal substitutes, we used femtosecond laser to process human corneal tissue into stromal lenticules and studied to find the most efficient decellularization method among various reagents with different tonicities. Methods The decellularization efficacy of several agents (0.1%, 0.25%, and 0.5% of Triton X-100, SDS, and trypsin-EDTA (TE), resp. ) with different tonicities was evaluated. Of all protocols, the decellularization methods, which efficiently removed nuclear materials examined as detected by immunofluorescent staining, were quantitatively tested for sample DNA and glycosaminoglycan (GAG) contents, recellularization efficacy, and biocompatibilities. Results 0.5% SDS in hypertonic and isotonic buffer, 0.25% TE in hypotonic buffer, and 0.5% TE in all tonicities completely decellularized the corneal lenticules. Of the protocols, decellularization with hypotonic 0.25 and 0.5% TE showed the lowest DNA contents, while the GAG content was the highest. Furthermore, the recellularization efficacy of the hypotonic TE method was better than that of the SDS-based method. Hypotonic TE-treated decellularized corneal lenticules (DCLs) were sufficiently transparent and biocompatible. Conclusion We generated an ideal protocol for DCLs using a novel method. Furthermore, it is possible to create a scaffold using a bioengineered corneal substitute.
A Novel Time Series-Histogram of Features (TS-HoF) Method for Prognostic Applications

Data-driven prognostic methods typically make use of observer signals reflective of the system health combined with machine learning methods to predict the Remaining Useful Life (RUL) of the system. Currently, majority of feature extraction methods developed for prognostics focused on extracting features from regular time series applications. However, events-data collected during occurrence of an event are stochastic in nature with irregular sampling frequency, which is challenging for current methods. For most prognostic applications, the RUL is closely correlated with changes in data trend exhibited in the observer signals. Motivated by this phenomenon, this paper proposes a novel Time Series-Histogram of Features method, which extracts features describing the local degradation features exhibited by observer signals in a moving time window. The proposed method is illustrated via a case study on a benchmark simulated aero-engine dataset. Results indicate that the proposed methodology performs as well as or better than conventional feature extraction methods on the same time window of information. Furthermore, it is also shown that the proposed method extracts information complementary to conventional feature extraction techniques, thus resulting in superior performance by combining these feature extraction techniques.
Inverse POMDP: Inferring What You Think from What You Do

Complex behaviors are often driven by an internal model, which integrates sensory information over time and facilitates long-term planning. Inferring the internal model is a crucial ingredient for interpreting neural activities of agents and is beneficial for imitation learning. Here we describe a method to infer an agent's internal model and dynamic beliefs, and apply it to a simulated agent performing a foraging task. We assume the agent behaves rationally according to their understanding of the task and the relevant causal variables that cannot be fully observed. We model this rational solution as a Partially Observable Markov Decision Process (POMDP). However, we allow that the agent may have wrong assumptions about the task, and our method learns these assumptions from the agent's actions. Given the agent's sensory observations and actions, we learn its internal model by maximum likelihood estimation over a set of task-relevant parameters. The Markov property of the POMDP enables us to characterize the transition probabilities between internal states and iteratively estimate the agent's policy using a constrained Expectation-Maximization(EM) algorithm. We validate our method on simulated agents performing suboptimally on a foraging task, and successfully recover the agent's actual model.
Predicting the impacts of anthropogenic disturbances on marine populations

Marine ecosystems are increasingly exposed to anthropogenic disturbances that cause animals to change behavior and move away from potential foraging grounds. Here we present a process‐based modeling framework for assessing population consequences of such sub‐lethal behavioral effects. It builds directly on how disturbances influence animal movements, foraging and energetics, and is therefore applicable to a wide range of species. To demonstrate the model we assess the impact of wind farm construction noise on the North Sea harbor porpoise population. Subsequently, we demonstrate how the model can be used to minimize population impacts of disturbances through spatial planning. Population models that build on the fundamental processes that determine animal fitness have a high predictive power in novel environments, making them ideal for marine management.
Bayesian joint super-resolution, deconvolution, and denoising of images with Poisson-Gaussian noise

For images degraded by significant noise with mixed Poisson-Gaussian (PG) statistics, deconvolution or denoising methods generally do not perform well if they consider only one type of noise. We propose a novel method in a Bayesian framework that simultaneously performs deconvolution, denoising as well as super-resolution, to restore images with mixed PG noise. Our model is based on a likelihood modeling the statistics of PG noise, and a generative Markov random field image prior. We approximate the likelihood using mixtures of Gaussians, which allows defining a block Gibbs sampler for efficient inference. The degraded images are restored through a sampling-based scheme to approximate the Bayesian minimum mean squared error estimate. We have applied our method to different types of synthetic images and real images from a STED microscope. Experiments show that our method can compete with state-of-the-art approaches.
Palliative care nursing involvement in end-of-life decision-making: Qualitative secondary analysis

Background: Nurses are the largest professional group in healthcare and those who make more decisions. In 2014, the Committee on Bioethics of the Council of Europe launched the “Guide on the decision-making process regarding medical treatment in end-of-life situations” (hereinafter, Guide), aiming at improving decision-making processes and empowering professionals in making end-of-life decisions. The Guide does not mention nurses explicitly. Objectives: To analyze the ethical principles most valued by nurses working in palliative care when making end-of-life decisions and investigate if they are consistent with the framework and recommendations of the Guide; to identify what disputed/controversial issues are more frequent in these nurses’ current end-of-life care practices. Design: Qualitative secondary analysis. Participants/context: Three qualitative datasets including 32 interviews from previous studies with nurses working in palliative care in Portugal. Ethical consideration: Ethical approval was obtained from the Ethics Research Lab of the Instituto de Bioética (Ethics Research Lab of the Institute of Bioethics) (Ref.04.2015). Ethical procedures are thoroughly described. Findings: All participant nurses referred to autonomy as an ethical principle paramount in end-of-life decision-making. They were commonly involved in end-of-life decision-making. Palliative sedation and communication were the most mentioned disputed/controversial issues. Discussion: Autonomy was highly valued in end-of-life care and decision-making. Nurses expressed major concerns in assessing patients’ preferences, wishes, and promoting advance care planning. Nurses working in palliative care in Portugal were highly involved in end-of-life decision-making. These processes embraced a collective, inclusive approach. Palliative sedation was the most mentioned disputed issue, which is aligned with previous findings. Communication also emerged as a sensitive ethical issue; it is surprising, however, that only three nurses referred to it. Conclusion: While the Guide does not explicitly mention nurses in its content, this study shows that nurses working in palliative care in Portugal are involved in these processes. Further research is needed on nurses’ involvement and practices in end-of-life decision-making.
17β-Estradiol Regulates Microglia Activation and Polarization in the Hippocampus Following Global Cerebral Ischemia

17β-Estradiol (E2) is a well-known neuroprotective hormone, but its role in regulation of neuroinflammation is less understood. Recently, our lab demonstrated that E2 could regulate the NLRP3 (NOD-like receptor protein 3) inflammasome pathway in the hippocampus following global cerebral ischemia (GCI). Here, we examined the ability of E2 to regulate activation and polarization of microglia phenotype in the hippocampus after global cerebral ischemia (GCI). Our in vivo study in young adult ovariectomized rats showed that exogenous low-dose E2 profoundly suppressed microglia activation and quantitatively shifted microglia from their “activated,” amoeboid morphology to a “resting,” ramified morphology after GCI. Further studies using M1 “proinflammatory” and M2 “anti-inflammatory” phenotype markers showed that E2 robustly suppressed the “proinflammatory” M1 phenotype, while enhancing the “anti-inflammatory” M2 microglia phenotype in the hippocampus after GCI. These effects of E2 may be mediated directly upon microglia, as E2 suppressed the M1 while enhancing the M2 microglia phenotype in LPS- (lipopolysaccharide-) activated BV2 microglia cells in vitro. E2 also correspondingly suppressed proinflammatory while enhancing anti-inflammatory cytokine gene expression in the LPS-treated BV2 microglia cells. Finally, E2 treatment abolished the LPS-induced neurotoxic effects of BV2 microglia cells upon hippocampal HT-22 neurons. Collectively, our study findings suggest a novel E2-mediated neuroprotective effect via regulation of microglia activation and promotion of the M2 “anti-inflammatory” phenotype in the brain.