Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Physical Therapy Services for People With Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities: The Role of Medicaid Home- and Community-Based Service Waivers

Background Care and support for people with intellectual and developmental disabilities (IDD) in natural community contexts are increasing. Many people with IDD use physical therapy services to support their community participation. Medicaid Home- and Community-Based Services (HCBS) 1915(c) waivers are the largest providers of long-term services and supports for people with IDD. However, little is known about physical therapy provision under this program. Objective The aim of this study was to compare the operational definitions of physical therapy service under the HCBS 1915(c) waiver system and to describe projected physical therapy service utilization, spending, and reimbursement for people with IDD across states. Design This was a cross-sectional, descriptive study. Methods This study analyzed fiscal year 2015 HCBS IDD waivers from across the nation (N = 111), focusing on physical therapy utilization (total projected spending, total participants, reimbursement rates, and average annual service provision per participant). Service definitions were also analyzed to determine trends across waivers. Results Fifty-one waivers (45.9%) provided 61 different types of physical therapy services in fiscal year 2015. States utilized waivers to provide long-term remedial care rather than the acute short-term physical therapy. HCBS waiver physical therapy services were often provided in participants' homes and communities to expand physical therapy access and secure the benefits of providing physical therapy services in natural environments. Although most states have adopted similar definitions of physical therapy service, procedures and services vary. Limitations Medicaid HCBS waivers are state projections made to the federal government rather than actual utilization data. Conclusions Physical therapy service definitions, projected service utilization, spending, and reimbursement for people with IDD who use Medicaid HCBS waivers vary greatly between states. Physical therapy may be utilized less than expected given the reported benefits for people with IDD.
Biologics and stem cell‐based therapies for rotator cuff repair

The rotator cuff is composed of several distinct muscles and tendons that function in concert to coordinate shoulder motion. Injuries to these tendons frequently result in permanent dysfunction and persistent pain. Despite considerable advances in operation techniques, surgical repair alone still does not fully restore rotator cuff function. This review focuses on recent research in the use of biologics and stem cell‐based therapies to augment repair, highlighting promising avenues for future work and remaining challenges. While a number of animal models are used for rotator cuff studies, the anatomy of the rotator cuff varies dramatically between species. Since the rodent rotator cuff shares the most anatomical features with the human, this review will focus primarily on rodent models to enable consistent interpretation of outcome measures.
Reproductive medicine: still more ART than science?

The history of obstetrics and gynaecology is not a tale of evidence-based practice. Tradition, expert opinion, and the lure of new technology have frequently superseded evidence as the primary driver for clinical decision making. The proof can be found in a litany of dubious interventions which have gained widespread popularity despite an absence of high quality data attesting to their effectiveness and, in some cases, ample credible evidence demonstrating harm. As a specialty, we have relied on investigations including X-ray pelvimetry and antenatal stress tests, subjected innumerable women to stilboestrol and thalidomide, and have performed routine episiotomy in all primigravid women 1,. It is no surprise that, in 1979, Archie Cochrane famously awarded obstetrics the 'wooden spoon' for being the least evidence-based specialty. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
NRH:quinone oxidoreductase 2 (NQO2) and glutaminase (GLS) both play a role in large extracellular vesicles (LEV) formation in preclinical LNCaP‐C4‐2B prostate cancer model of progressive metastasis

In the course of studies aimed at the role of oxidative stress in the development of metastatic potential in the LNCaP‐C4‐2B prostate cancer progression model system, we found a relative decrease in the level of expression of the cytoplasmic nicotinamide riboside: quinone oxidoreductase (NQO2) and an increase in the oxidative stress in C4‐2B cells compared to that in LNCaP or its derivatives C4 and C4‐2. It was also found that C4‐2B cells specifically shed large extracellular vesicles (LEVs) suggesting that these LEVs and their cargo could participate in the establishment of the osseous metastases. The level of expression of caveolin‐1 increased as the system progresses from LNCaP to C4‐2B. Since NQO2 RNA levels were not changed in LNCaP, C4, C4‐2, and C4‐2B, we tested an altered cellular distribution hypothesis of NQO2 being compartmentalized in the membrane fractions of C4‐2B cells which are rich in lipid rafts and caveolae. This was confirmed when the detergent resistant membrane fractions were probed on immunoblots. Moreover, when the LEVs were analyzed for membrane associated caveolin‐1 as possible cargo, we noticed that the enzyme NQO2 was also a component of the cargo along with caveolin‐1 as seen in double immunofluorescence studies. Molecular modeling studies showed that a caveolin‐1 accessible site is present in NQO2. Specific interaction between NQO2 and caveolin‐1 was confirmed using deletion constructs of caveolin‐1 fused with glutathione S‐transferase (GST). Interestingly, whole cell lysate and mitochondrial preparations of LNCaP, C4, C4‐2, and C4‐2B showed an increasing expression of glutaminase (GLS, kidney type). The extrusion of LEVs appears to be a specific property of the bone metastatic C4‐2B cells and this process could be inhibited by a GLS specific inhibitor BPTES, suggesting the critical role of a functioning glutamine metabolism. Our results indicate that a high level of expression of caveolin‐1 in C4‐2B cells contributes to an interaction between caveolin‐1 and NQO2 and to their packaging as cargo in the shed LEVs. These results suggest an important role of membrane associated oxidoreductases in the establishment of osseous metastases in prostate cancer.
A tight Erdős-Pósa function for planar minors

Let F be a family of graphs. Then for every graph G the maximum number of disjoint subgraphs of G, each isomorphic to a member of F, is at most the minimum size of a set of vertices that intersects every subgraph of G isomorphic to a member of F. We say that F packs if equality holds for every graph G. Only very few families pack. As the next best weakening we say that F has the Erdős-Pósa property if there exists a function f such that for every graph G and integer k>0 the graph G has either k disjoint subgraphs each isomorphic to a member of F or a set of at most f(k) vertices that intersects every subgraph of G isomorphic to a member of F. The name is motivated by a classical 1965 result of Erdős and Pósa stating that for every graph G and integer k>0 the graph G has either k disjoint cycles or a set of O(klogk) vertices that intersects every cycle. Thus the family of all cycles has the Erdős-Pósa property with f(k)=O(klogk). In contrast, the family of odd cycles fails to have the Erdős-Pósa property. For every integer ℓ, a sufficiently large Escher Wall has an embedding in the projective plane such that every face is even and every homotopically non-trivial closed curve intersects the graph at least ℓ times. In particular, it contains no set of ℓ vertices such that each odd cycle contains at least one them, yet it has no two disjoint odd cycles. By now there is a large body of literature proving that various families F have the Erdős-Pósa property. A very general theorem of Robertson and Seymour says that for every planar graph H the family F(H) of all graphs with a minor isomorphic to H has the Erdős-Pósa property. (When H is non-planar, F(H) does not have the Erdős-Pósa property. ) The present paper proves that for every planar graph H the family F(H) has the Erdős-Pósa property with f(k)=O(klogk), which is asymptotically best possible for every graph H with at least one cycle.
MitraClip procedure as ‘bridge to list’, the ultimate therapeutic option for end-stage heart failure patients not eligible for heart transplantation due to severe pulmonary hypertension

Patients with end-stage heart failure (HF), pulmonary hypertension and elevated pulmonary vascular resistance (PVR) despite medical therapy are not eligible for heart transplantation (HTx). In this ‘proof of concept’ case series, we demonstrate the feasibility and efficacy of the MitraClip procedure as ‘bridge to list’ in end-stage HF patients not eligible for HTx. In fact, in the three patients reported, who were initially excluded from the HTx list because of elevated PVR, the MitraClip procedure was followed by a sustained improvement of PVR, allowing the patients’ risk to be reclassified, and they were then considered eligible for HTx.
Shielding of transmission lines

Discussion and authors' closure of paper 40–107 by C. F. Wagner, G. D. McCann, and G. L. MacLane, Jr., presented at the AIEE summer convention, Swampscott, Mass. , June 24–28, 1940, and published in AIEE TRANSACTIONS, 1941, pages 313–28.
An Application of Inverse Probability to Fault Isolation

Inverse probability is applied to the problem of isolating faults in an electrical network by an analysis of failure symptoms. Prior to performing fault isolation, the performance of a network with respect to possible failures is established. Then, identifying each possible failure as a separate event, the procedure for isolating a fault is presented in terms of extracting a ``signal'' from random amplitude ``noise. '' An example demonstrating these procedures is presented. Finally, an approximate solution involving less computation is summarized.
Predictive Modeling of Spatio-Temporal Datasets in High Dimensions

Spatio-temporal datasets in many research areas may be very high-dimensional and have complicated dependence structures in both space and time. Various dimension reduction techniques have been introduced to extract key information from single or multiple datasets. Standard dimension-reduced Bayesian hierarchical modeling approaches use a few spatial basis functions to capture the spatial structure and model temporal dynamics through their coefficients. However, these approaches are not always satisfactory in predictive modeling of complicated systems. It is challenging to build statistical models that are computationally efficient for very large datasets and able to adequately model the dependence structure. In this dissertation, we focus on developing modeling strategies for high-dimensional spatio-temporal datasets in the context of predictive modeling, especially when standard dimension reduction methods do not perform well. We discuss modeling strategies to synthesize multiple high-dimensional information sources and produce accurate predictions. We consider the sea surface temperature (SST) prediction problem of Berliner et al. [2000] and demonstrate challenges and advantages of incorporating high-dimensional climate model output along with temperature observations to improve predictive accuracy. Furthermore, we develop a two-scale modeling strategy for
Solid-state sensors in process control

In recent years, solid-state sensors have entered the field of industrial instrumentation, but their adaptability has been slow. However, as high-speed digital computers are used for gathering and digesting process data, the need for improved sensing techniques becomes critical. Existing solid-state devices can meet some of the need; it is hoped those devices still under development will alleviate the remaining difficulties
Brain Activation During Passive and Volitional Pedaling After Stroke

Background: Prior work indicates that pedaling-related brain activation is lower in people with stroke than in controls. We asked whether this observation could be explained by between-group differences in volitional motor commands and pedaling performance. Methods: Individuals with and without stroke performed passive and volitional pedaling while brain activation was recorded with functional magnetic resonance imaging. The passive condition eliminated motor commands to pedal and minimized between-group differences in pedaling performance. Volume, intensity, and laterality of brain activation were compared across conditions and groups. Results: There were no significant effects of condition and no Group × Condition interactions for any measure of brain activation. Only 53% of subjects could minimize muscle activity for passive pedaling. Conclusions: Altered motor commands and pedaling performance are unlikely to account for reduced pedaling-related brain activation poststroke. Instead, this phenomenon may be due to functional or structural brain changes. Passive pedaling can be difficult to achieve and may require inhibition of excitatory descending drive.
Theoretical Approach to Speed and Tie Line Control

Frequency error is an indicator of the amount of excess or deficiency of generation on a whole interconnection, and a frequency-generation line may be established for the whole or for any section which is separated from all others by tie lines over which control may be desired. Automatic equipment is available using these fundamentals under the name of load biased frequency control, which will make the required adjustments to generation to restore normal speed and tie line loadings with a minimum of false moves and by means of which each section will handle, in normal operation, only its own load changes, regardless of the speed of response of its prime movers to correcting impulses. Methods of automatic control by the selective frequency blocking system and the master flat frequency station method are examined and found wanting. The use of uncontrolled speed-sensitive governors with small droop is shown to be disadvantageous if operated in parallel with automatic bias equipment. Consideration is given to practical matters of operation, including an improvement in handling manual generation shifts, action of controller in time of trouble, effect of errors in determining the frequency-generation line, and desirable characteristics of governors.
A RELAÇÃO ENTRE IDADE E INTELIGÊNCIA EMOCIONAL EM ADULTOS COM ALTAS HABILIDADES/SUPERDOTAÇÃO

Objetivou-se investigar se superdotados adultos mais velhos sempre apresentam inteligencia emocional (IE) mais desenvolvida que os mais jovens. Os participantes foram dez adultos de 20 a 41 anos. O instrumento foi o Questionario de Competencias da Inteligencia Emocional e a analise foi quanti-qualitativa. Os resultados foram que superdotados com idades diferentes podem apresentar IE quantitativamente igual, mas qualitativamente diferente. Com a mesma idade podem apresentar IE quantitativa e qualitativamente diferentes. Superdotados mais jovens podem apresentar IE mais desenvolvida que os mais velhos e vice-versa. A IE se desenvolve por toda a vida e isto coloca para a educacao a responsabilidade de fazer algo pelos adultos superdotados. Considera-se que a IE tem sido insuficientemente estudada no Brasil e que o seu desenvolvimento se reflete na sociedade como um todo.
Evaluation of an Evidence-Based Medicine Curriculum in a PGY1 Pharmacy Residency Program Using the Fresno Test

Objective. To assess the effectiveness of a longitudinal evidence-based medicine (EBM) curriculum to improve pharmacy resident knowledge and skills in evidence-based practice as measured by the Fresno Test. Methods. Residency program director and clinical pharmacist preceptors in a community teaching hospital developed a longitudinal EBM curriculum for a postgraduate year one (PGY1) pharmacy practice residency. The program was offered as a yearlong series of 1-hour meetings to train residents in evidence-based practice. A pre/post study design was used to evaluate the program. The full 12-item Fresno Test was used to measure specific EBP skills: Ask, Acquire, Appraise, Apply and Assess. Pre/post composite and item mean scores were compared using Student’s paired t-test. Results. Forty-three residents completed pre- and post-Fresno Test evaluations between 2008 and 2014 with a mean increase in pre- and post-training scores from 125.9 (SD 32.9) to 138.5 (SD 33.6), p=. 02. Conclusion. A longitudinal training program in EBM in a pharmacy residency demonstrated improvement in core evidence-based practice abilities as measured by the Fresno Test.
DCO-MAC: A Hybrid MAC Protocol for Data Collection in Underwater Acoustic Sensor Networks

In underwater acoustic sensor networks (UASNs), medium access control (MAC) is an important issue because of its potentially significant effect on the network performance. However, designing a suitable MAC protocol for the UASN is challenging because of the specific characteristics of the underwater acoustic channel and network, such as limited available bandwidth, long propagation delay, high bit-error-rate, and sparse network topology. In addition, as the traffic load is non-uniformly distributed in a UASN for data collection, it is essential to consider the application feature for the MAC protocol. In this paper, we propose a MAC protocol in a data-collection-oriented UASN, abbreviated as the DCO-MAC protocol. In the proposed protocol, the network is partitioned into two kinds of sub-networks according to the traffic load. A contention-based MAC protocol is used in the sub-network with a light traffic load, while a reservation-based MAC protocol is used in the sub-network with a heavy traffic load. Meanwhile, the DCO-MAC protocol supports the access of mobile nodes. The theoretical analysis and simulation results demonstrate that, in a UASN for data collection, the proposed MAC protocol outperforms the other existing MAC protocols, in terms of the network throughput, end-to-end packet delay, energy overhead, and fairness.
Cognitive insight, neurocognition and life skills in patients with schizophrenia

Background: The concept of cognitive insight refers to the capacity for self‐reflectiveness as a mechanism for evaluating one's symptoms and selfcertainty, understood as the ability to correct inappropriate interpretations and conclusions. There are no conclusive results regardingabout the clinical and neuropsychological variables involved and there are hardly any studies of their impact on functional outcomes. Method: The objectives were to analyze the neuropsychological and clinical cognitive insight in a sample of 22 stable patients diagnosed with schizophrenia, to assess its impact on life skills and to analyze whether it can be a mediating variable between cognitive deficits and daily functioning. A neuropsychological battery composed of tests of memory (TAVEC and WAIS‐Digits), executive functioning (WCST and Stroop) and vocabulary, the BCIS, a measure of everyday functions (LSP) and the PANSS. Results: We found signifi cant negative correlations between the WAIS vocabulary test, self‐assurance, and life skills; although this is influenced to a greater extent by the negative symptomatology and the premorbid general cognitive level. Conclusions: A greater openness to corrective feedback of distorted thoughts, without specific cognitive capacities, improves the ability of patients with schizophrenia to adapt to the environment. &NA; Insight cognitivo, neurocognición y funcionamiento cotidiano en pacientes con esquizofrenia. Antecedentes: el concepto de insight cognitivo hace referencia a la capacidad de auto‐reflexión como mecanismo de evaluación de los propios síntomas y a la auto‐certeza, entendida como capacidad para corregir las interpretaciones y conclusiones inadecuadas. No existen resultados concluyentes en cuanto a las variables clínicas y neuropsicológicas implicadas y apenas hay estudios sobre su impacto en los resultados funcionales. Método: los objetivos fueron analizar las relaciones neuropsicológicas y clínicas del insight cognitivo en una muestra de 22 pacientes estables con diagnóstico de esquizofrenia, analizar su impacto en el funcionamiento cotidiano y como variable mediadora entre los déficits cognitivos y dicho funcionamiento. Se administró una batería neuropsicológica, compuesta por pruebas de memoria (TAVEC y WAISDígitos), funcionamiento ejecutivo (WCST y Stroop) y vocabulario, la BCIS, una medida de funcionamiento cotidiano (LSP) y la PANSS. Resultados: se encontraron correlaciones significativas de tipo negativo entre la prueba de vocabulario del WAIS, la auto‐certeza, y el funcionamiento cotidiano, aunque este es influido en mayor medida por la sintomatología negativa y el nivel cognitivo general premórbido. Conclusiones: una mayor apertura a la retroalimentación correctora de los pensamientos distorsionados, sin que medien capacidades cognitivas específicas, mejora la capacidad de adaptación al medio en pacientes diagnosticados de esquizofrenia.
Intracellular Localization of Blattella germanica Densovirus (BgDV1) Capsid Proteins

Densovirus genome replication and capsid assembly take place in the nucleus of the infected cells. However, the mechanisms underlying such processes as the delivery of virus proteins to the nucleus and the export of progeny virus from the nucleus remain elusive. It is evident that nuclear transport signals should be involved in these processes. We performed an in silico search for the putative nuclear localization signal (NLS) and nuclear export signal (NES) motifs in the capsid proteins of the Blattella germanica Densovirus 1 (BgDV1) densovirus. A high probability NLS motif was found in the common C-terminal of capsid proteins together with a NES motif in the unique N-terminal of VP2. We also performed a global search for the nuclear traffic signals in the densoviruses belonging to five Densovirinae genera, which revealed high diversity in the patterns of NLSs and NESs. Using a heterologous system, the HeLa mammalian cell line expressing GFP-fused BgDV1 capsid proteins, we demonstrated that both signals are functionally active. We suggest that the NLS shared by all three BgDV1 capsid proteins drives the trafficking of the newly-synthesized proteins into the nucleus, while the NES may play a role in the export of the newly-assembled BgDV1 particles into the cytoplasm through nuclear pore complexes.
A Method for Calculating Error Probabilities in a Radar Communication System

Missfle range instrumentation radars are capable of transmitting pulse code groups in which some of the pulses in each group can be used to convey information from the ground to a space vehicle containing a suitable beacon receiver and decoder. Thus, a one-way communication system is provided with only a small increase in ground and vehicle equipment over that required for the tracking function. Since the system is one way, communication reliability becomes of paramount importance. This paper presents a method of computing bit error rates, word error rates, and frame error rates as a function of the SNR at the beacon receiver. The SNR vs range can then be computed by standard methods to obtain the ground-to-vehicle ranges over which reliable communications can be conducted.
Extended finite automata and decision problems for matrix semigroups

We make a connection between the subgroup membership and identity problems for matrix groups and extended finite automata. We provide an alternative proof for the decidability of the subgroup membership problem for $ 2 \times 2 $ integer matrices. We show that the emptiness problem for extended finite automata over $ 4 \times 4 $ integer matrix semigroups is undecidable. We prove that the decidability of the universe problem for extended finite automata is a sufficient condition for the decidability of the subgroup membership and identity problems.