Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Can Consumer-Posted Photos Serve as a Leading Indicator of Restaurant Survival? Evidence from Yelp

Despite the substantial economic impact of the restaurant industry, large-scale empirical research on restaurant survival has been sparse. We investigate whether consumer-posted photos can serve as a leading indicator of restaurant survival above and beyond reviews, firm characteristics, competitive landscape, and macroconditions. We employ machine learning techniques to extract features from 755,758 photos and 1,121,069 reviews posted on Yelp between 2004 and 2015 for 17,719 U.S. restaurants. We also collect data on restaurant characteristics (e.g., cuisine type, price level) and competitive landscape as well as entry and exit (if applicable) time from each restaurant’s Yelp/Facebook page, own website, or Google search engine. Using a predictive XGBoost algorithm, we find that consumer-posted photos are strong predictors of restaurant survival. Interestingly, the informativeness of photos (e.g., the proportion of food photos) relates more to restaurant survival than do photographic attributes (e.g., composition, brightness). Additionally, photos carry more predictive power for independent, young or mid-aged, and medium-priced restaurants. Assuming that restaurant owners possess no knowledge about future photos and reviews, photos can predict restaurant survival for up to three years, whereas reviews are only predictive for one year. We further employ causal forests to facilitate the interpretation of our predictive results. Among photo content variables, the proportion of food photos has the largest positive association with restaurant survival, followed by proportions of outside and interior photos. Among others, the proportion of photos with helpful votes also positively relates to restaurant survival. This paper was accepted by Juanjuan Zhang, marketing.
Enzyme-catalysed coupling of functional antioxidants onto protein fibres

The use of oxidative enzymes for wool fibre functionalisation enables the introduction of a number of novel properties. Tyrosinase is able to oxidize tyrosine residues in proteins to quinones, which can further react with free sulfhydryl (thiol), amino or phenolic groups of different substrates. This characteristic is exploited to couple different phenolic antioxidants to the tyrosine residues of wool fibres. The efficiency of tyrosinase was elucidated by comparing the specificity of enzymatic coupling using polyphenolic substrates. The reaction was followed by different analytical methods, namely oxygen consumption, and FT-IR, and UV/VIS spectroscopy. The functionalised wool fibres showed increased antioxidant activity using caffeic acid and chlorogenic acid as substrates.
Characterization of B cell development and activation in the absence of Akt or presenilin

The biochemical pathways critical to B cell development remain poorly defined. Here I characterize a critical role for two separate families of proteins, Akt and Presenilin in the development and activation of B cells. The absence of Akt1 and Akt2 leads to a block in marginal zone (MZ) and B1B cell development, as well as decreased cellularity of splenic follicular B cells. In addition, I find the combined loss of Akt1 and Akt2 causes altered B cell receptor repertoire and poor competitive ability when matched against wild-type B cells. Similar to deficiencies in the Akt pathway the combined loss of Presenilin1 and Presenilin2 results in defective MZ, B1B cell development, and altered BCR repertoire selection. Furthermore, I find that these defects are independent of the Notch pathway and that Presenilins are required for optimal responses to cross-linking of the BCR. Collectively, these findings identify and phenotypically characterize two novel pathways important to B cell development and function. Degree Type Dissertation Degree Name Doctor of Philosophy (PhD) Graduate Group Immunology First Advisor David Allman, Ph.D.
Characteristics Analysis and Reliability Verification of Nacelle Lidar Measurements

A study on Nacelle Lidar (Light detection and ranging) measurement error and the data reliability verification was carried out at Haengwon wind farm on Jeju Island. For measurement data error processing, the characteristics of Nacelle Lidar measurements were analyzed by dividing into three parts, which are weather conditions (temperature, humidity, atmosphere, amount of precipitation), mechanical movement (rotation of wind turbine blades, tilt variation of Nacelle Lidar) and Nacelle Lidar data availability. After processing the measurement error, the reliability of Nacelle Lidar data was assessed by comparing with wind data by an anemometer on a met mast, which is located at a distance of 200 m from the wind turbine with Nacelle Lidar. As a result, various weather conditions and mechanical movement did not disturb reliable data measurement. Nacelle Lidar data with availability of 95% or more could be used for checking Nacelle Lidar wind data reliability. The reliability of Nacelle Lidar data was very high with regression coefficient of 98% and coefficient of determination of 97%.
Divergence time uncertainty and historical biogeography reconstruction – an example from Urophylleae (Rubiaceae)

Aim When hypotheses of historical biogeography are evaluated, age estimates of individual nodes in a phylogeny often have a direct impact on what explanation is concluded to be most likely. Confidence intervals of estimated divergence times obtained in molecular dating analyses are usually very large, but the uncertainty is rarely incorporated in biogeographical analyses. The aim of this study is to use the group Urophylleae, which has a disjunct pantropical distribution, to explore how the uncertainty in estimated divergence times affects conclusions in biogeographical analysis. Two hypotheses are evaluated: (1) long‐distance dispersal from Africa to Asia and the Neotropics, and (2) a continuous distribution in the boreotropics, probably involving migration across the North Atlantic Land Bridge, followed by isolation in equatorial refugia.
Étude des voies de bioactivation du benzo[a]pyrène et du fluoranthène chez la sole commune (Solea solea) : Profil métabolique et génotoxicité

The aim of this Ph‟D was to study the biotransformation and the genotoxicity of two PAH of interest, namely the benzo[a]pyrene (BaP) and the fluoranthene (Fluo), in the common sole Solea solea, which is a benthic species sensitive to chemical pollution. The use of in vitro exposure models and the application of two different chemical analytical techniques allowed demonstrating that, as in higher vertebrates, the dihydrodiols and the phenols of BaP and Fluo are the major metabolites produced by sole liver enzymes. In vitro, the genotoxic potential of BaP and Fluo was demonstrated in sole, by the production of DNA adducts and oxidative DNA damage. The genotoxicity of Fluo appeared to be 50 fold less important than the genotoxicity of BaP. In the case of BaP, three adducts produced in sole following microsomal activation have been identified by mass spectrometry. As in higher vertebrates, these adducts are produced through the diol-epoxide activation pathway. The genotoxicity of an equimolar mixture of PAHs (BaP, Fluo, Pyr) was confirmed in vivo at the individual scale. A correlation was observed between the level of biliary PAH metabolites and the level of oxidative DNA damage. These results showed the ability of sole liver enzymes to metabolise the BaP and the Fluo through similar pathways to those described in higher vertebrates. Indeed, their in vitro and in vivo metabolism occurs through the production of electrophilic metabolites, able to bind to DNA. Several metabolites are able to generate reactive oxygen species causing oxidative DNA damages.
Estimation of deer population dynamics using a bayesian state‐space model with multiple abundance indices

Deer population control is important in wildlife management, because overabundance of deer is a problem worldwide. For practical deer population control, deer population dynamics and the factors that influence them need to be evaluated in low-cost and time-efficient ways. However, in traditional methods of estimation, such as cohort analysis, large numbers of deer need to be caught for many years, and the ages of the deer must be determined. We estimated deer population dynamics by using a Bayesian state-space model with multiple deer abundance indices (seen deer per unit effort, pellet group count, and block count) and numbers of deer hunted and culled in Yamanashi Prefecture, central Japan. In the state process of our state-space model, latent deer abundance at year t in location m (Dt,m), with m being each cell of a grid mesh covering Yamanashi Prefecture, was assumed to decrease annually through hunting and culling, to increase with the population growth rate of each mesh (rm; which was determined from the percentages of forest, evergreen forest, and artificial grassland), and to fluctuate stochastically. In the observation process, Dt,m was assumed to be correlated with the deer abundance indices and a Gaussian white noise in the deer abundance indices. The estimated Dt,m was correlated with each deer abundance index, but the correlation coefficient was the greatest for pellet group density. The percentage of hunted and culled deer needed to reach 30% to reduce the annual growth rate (Dt,m/Dt−1,m). Increasing the percentage of artificial grassland increased rm. Our results showed that 1) deer abundance could be estimated by using only deer abundance indices in addition to population growth rate and the percentage of hunted and culled deer; and 2) preventing the intrusion of deer onto artificial grassland and intensive culling on artificial grassland were important to decrease deer abundance. © 2013 The Wildlife Society.
Analysis of inbreeding in the Israeli Holstein dairy cattle population

Quaas (1976) was the first to propose an algorithm suitable to compute inbreeding for a large commercial population. Since then various other algorithms have been proposed, and since 1995 inbreeding has been analyzed for several large commercial cattle populations. The estimate of inbreeding for registered Holstein females in the US population born during 1990 was 5.1±0.4% for a random sample of 600 two-line pedigrees (Young and Seykora 1996), while Wiggans et al. (1995) estimated mean inbreeding of females as 2.6% for cows born in 1990. Since 1992, inbreeding in the UK has increased at a rate of 0.17%/yr. In 2002, the average inbreeding was 2.64% for females and 3.06% for males (Kearney et al. 2004). Average inbreeding in Denmark for calves born in 2003, was 3.9, 3.4, and 1.4% for Holstein, Jersey, and Danish Red, respectively (Sorensen et al., 2005). Now more than 93% of the Danish Holstein genes are of North American origin.
Molecular strategies of plant defense and insect counter-defense

The prediction of human population growth worldwide indicates there will be a need to substantially increase food production in order to meet the demand on food supply.This can be achieved in part by the effective management of insect pests. Since plants have co-evolved with herbivorous insects for millions of years, they have developed an array of defense genes to protect themselves against a wide variety of chewing and sucking insects.Using these naturally-occurring genes via genetic engineering represents an environmentally friendly insect pest-control measure. Insects, however, have been actively evolving adaptive mechanisms to evade natural plant defenses. Such evolved adaptability undoubtedly has helped insects during the last century to rapidly overcome a great many humanimposed management practices and agents, including chemical insecticides and genetically engineered plants. Thus, better understanding of the molecular and genetic basis of plant defense and insect counter-defense mechanisms is imperative, not only from a basic science perspective, but also for biotechnology-based pest control practice. In this review, we emphasize the recent advance and understanding of molecular strategies of attack-counterattack and defense-counter-defense between plants and their herbivores.
Variabilité génétique du virus de l'hépatite B et implication sur le diagnostic et la pathogénèse

L'infection chronique ou occulte par le virus de l'hepatite B (HBV) est l'un des facteurs de risque les plusimportants pour le developpement de carcinome hepatocellulaire viro-induit. Malgre la petite taille dugenome et les contraintes imposees par l'organisation de ce genome, le HBV presente une grandevariabilite genetique qui est le resultat des erreurs generees lors de l’etape de reverse transcription maisaussi, lors des processus de selection et d’adaptation. Durant l'infection, une relation etroite hote-viruss'etablit. La population virale est caracterisee par la presence de quasi-especes pouvant influencerl'evolution de la maladie hepatique et favoriser les phenomenes d'echappement. Le but de notre travail aete 1) d'etudier la variabilite virale associee aux infections occultes et l'impact de certaines modificationsde l'AgHBs (sY100C) sur la reconnaissance des tests de detection enzymatiques, et l'impact des mutations(sK122R, sD144E) sur la reconnaissance des anticorps anti-HBs d'un patient 2) de developper un nouveloutil d'amplification de genomes entiers de HBV que nous avons applique a l'etude preliminaire de quasiespecesd'un mutant Core. Cet outil d'amplification est plus sensible que les techniques existantes, et ilpermet l'etude des proprietes moleculaires et fonctionnelles des isolats virales. En conclusion, nous avonspu montrer que les processus d'echappement sont complexes, et font intervenir des facteurs du virus et del'hote. Ce travail contribue a l'amelioration de la comprehension de la biologie de l'infection par le HBV,et illustre la complexite des interactions hote-virus.
Prerequisites for Diet Selection in Poultry

Individual birds in a flock of poultry have the ability to select from various feed ingredients offered and make up their own diet according to their actual needs and production capacity. For this, animals must be able to differentiate between foods with different nutrient compositions by vision, taste, olfaction and texture, moreover, they need to be taught to associate the sensory properties of foods with their yields of nutrients. Birds can improve the balance between their nutrient requirements and their nutrient intake if they are taught to select an appropriate diet.
Contenido de colágeno y sus fracciones en tres músculos de toretes comerciales

Se evaluaron los mu sculos Longissimus thoracis (n=20), Latisimus dorsi (n=20) y el Semitendinosus (n=20) de toretes mestizos comerciales con la finalidad de determinar la concentracion de colageno total y sus fracciones (soluble e insoluble). Se utilizo un diseno completamente al azar. Los resultados indicaron que existen diferencias (P
Isolation, characterization and copper binding of Gaeumannomyces graminis var. graminis melanin mutants

Gaeumannomyces graminis var. graminis is a filam entous soil ascomycete th a t synthesizes 1,8-dihydroxynapthalene (DHN) m elanin as a secondary metabolite. We isolated two m u tan t stra ins affected in the m elanin biosynthetic pathway, using either chemical or UV m utagenesis. One of these m utan ts, JH 4300, was unable to synthesize DHN-melanin. Because it accum ulated 2-hydroxyjuglone, a m elanin pathw ay sh u n t product, th is m u tan t was m ost likely defective in the reductase th a t catalyzes the conversion of 1,3,8trihydroxynapthalene to vermelone, the penultim ate reaction in DHN synthesis. Genetic crosses with our wild-type stra in indicated th a t th is deficiency was the resu lt of a single m utation. Another slowgrowing m utan t, JH 4301, constitutively synthesized DHN-melanin and produced more mucilage surrounding the cell wall th an our wildtype strain . Genetic crosses with our wild-type stra in suggested th a t the heavily m elanized m utan t had a single m utation responsible for its phenotype. The m elanized wild-type and dark m utan t stra in JH 4301 were more resistan t to the lytic enzymes chitanase and glucanase, and to UV damage th an the unm elanized m utant. The heavily melanized m u tan t JH 4301 secreted fewer lytic enzymes, and tricyclazole inhibition of m elanin restored its secretory ability. Both m utan ts were unaltered in pathogenicity to rice compared to the wild-type strain , b u t the wild-type was a better competitor in mixed rhizosphere com m unities of rice. The light m u tan t JH 4300 absorbed less copper th an Our wildtype as determ ined by inductively-coupled p lasm a atomic emission spectroscopy analysis and silver staining, while the dark m utan t bound significantly more copper when grown with copper or when exposed to copper following growth. The heavily m elanized m utan t was more sensitive to the toxic effects of copper th an either the wildtype or unm elanized strains. All three strains bound significant am ounts of copper, lead, zinc and iron from tailings material. Inoculation of range grass rhizospheres with the three stra ins did not affect the up take of copper, iron or zinc from tailings into p lant tissue. However, melanized stra ins increased the up take of lead from tailings into shoot tissue. These resu lts suggest th a t melanized G. graminis var. graminis may have application in phytorem ediation of lead-contam inated sites.
The oxalate, tannin, crude fiber, and crude protein composition of young plants of some Atriplex species.

Oxalate, tannin, crude fiber, and crude protein contents were determined in 11 introduced Atriplex species and four species native to western North America that might be browsed by wildlife and livestock. A triplex species of foreign origin resembled domestic species in content of oxalate, tannins, crude fiber, and crude protein, with averages and range similar to those of A. canescens. These foreign species could fit into a range ecosystem to improve the quality and quantity of different browse species. Atriplex (saltbush) occurs throughout the semiarid regions in the western United States, the Middle East, Australia, Africa, and Siberia. In the western United States the genus Atriplex is represented by annuals, herbaceous perennials, and woody shrubs. Jepson (195 1) listed 29 species present in California. Tidestrom (1925) noted 30 species in the Utah and Nevada region, while Rydberg (1954) found 37 species in the Rocky Mountains and the adjacent plains. Some of the important browse species in the western United States are fourwing saltbush, Atriplex canescens (Pursh.) Nutt. ; Nuttall saltbush, A. nuttallii S. Wats. ; shadscale, A. confertifolia (Torr. & Frem.) S. Wats. ; and allscale saltbush, A. polycarpa S.
Synthesis of membrane proteins in eukaryotic cell‐free systems

Cell‐free protein synthesis (CFPS) is a valuable method for the fast expression of difficult‐to‐express proteins as well as posttranslationally modified proteins. Since cell‐free systems circumvent possible cytotoxic effects caused by protein overexpression in living cells, they significantly enlarge the scale and variety of proteins that can be characterized. We demonstrate the high potential of eukaryotic CFPS to express various types of membrane proteins covering a broad range of structurally and functionally diverse proteins. Our eukaryotic cell‐free translation systems are capable to provide high molecular weight membrane proteins, fluorescent‐labeled membrane proteins, as well as posttranslationally modified proteins for further downstream analysis.
The Lived Experience of Human-Pet Relationships among Adult Survivors of Childhood Sexual Abuse: An Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis

ABSTRACT Given the high prevalence and severe consequences of childhood sexual abuse, it is essential to identify ways to support adult survivors. One potential and relatively unexplored resource available to survivors is the human-pet relationship. In the literature, the human-pet relationship is linked to many positive benefits to physiological regulation, mental health, physical health, and social support – areas of functioning where survivors of childhood sexual abuse may be particularly at risk. Despite existing evidence, there is little research on human-pet relationships among survivors of childhood sexual abuse. To help address this gap, this qualitative study explored the lived experience of human-pet relationships among adult survivors of childhood sexual abuse. Utilizing data collection and analysis methods from Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis, semi-structured interviews were conducted with 10 adult survivors of childhood sexual abuse. The following themes were developed from the data: (a) close bond with pet; (b) idiosyncrasies within the human-pet relationship; (c) moral responsibility; (d) fundamental differences between pets and humans; (e) safety in the human-pet relationship; (f) resource for coping with painful experience; (g) positive impact on well-being; (h) buttress for human-human social interaction; (i) medium for skill and knowledge development; and (j) shortcomings of the human-pet relationship. Findings are discussed in the context of the existing literature, along with considerations for practice and future research with childhood sexual abuse survivors.
Molecular phylogeny of Macrolycus (Coleoptera: Lycidae) with description of new species from China

Macrolycus is a genus of net‐winged beetles with 69 species distributed in the eastern Palearctic and northernmost part of the Oriental region. The first molecular phylogeny of Macrolycus was produced using an rrnL + tRNA‐Leu + nad1 mtDNA fragment. The major lineages and species limits were identified with morphology and molecular data. We propose that Cerceros is a subgenus of Macrolycus to enable identification of all adult specimens in the genus without DNA sequencing. Two species groups are proposed in Macrolycus s. str. and six in Cerceros. Additionally, twelve Macrolycus species are newly described from China: M. aquilinus, M. baihualingensis, M. bicolor, M. guangxiensis, M. jianfenglingensis, M. kuatunensis, M. lizipingensis, M. parvus, M. phoeniceus, M. rhodoneurus, M. rosaceus and M. sichuanensis. Macrolycus holzschuhi is proposed to be a junior subjective synonym of M. jeanvoinei. The highest diversity of Macrolycus is found in southern China. The species from the main islands of Japan are placed in two species groups: M. excellens is a sister to remaining species of the M. murzini group and the M. flabellatus group is a monophylum of closely related species in a sister position to the M. bicolor group.
Reactive Oxygen Species and Cardiovascular Diseases

Reduction or oxidation caused by addition or loss of any electron is responsible for alterations in functional and structural profile of molecules, hence, changing signaling mechanism. Reactive free radicals play a crucial role in different physiological mechanisms ranging from the immune defense to cell signaling and inflammation (Elahi & Matata, 2006). There is increasing evidence that irregular production of free radicals lead to enhanced stress on cellular structures and causes changes in molecular pathways that underpins the pathogenesis of several relevant human disorders, such as cancer, heart diseases, the process of physiological ageing and neurological diseases (Pacher & Szabo, 2008; Lushchak, 2011a; Lushchak, 2011b). Comprehending the involvement of free radical stress in the pathogenesis of disease will allow us to investigate the development of oxidative stress; a condition that occurs due to an imbalance between cellular production of oxidant molecules and the availability of appropriate antioxidants species that defend against them. It is hoped that this knowledge will subsequently lead to the development of effective therapeutic interventions against oxidative stress.