Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
In vitro assessment on intestinal microflora from commonly farmed fishes for control of the fish pathogen Edwardsiella tarda

This study was aimed to evaluate the microflora isolated from the intestines of tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus), freshwater catfish (Clarias batrachus), snakehead (Ophicephalus striatus), snakeskin gourami (Trichogaster pectoralis), climbing perch (Anabas testudineus), and river catfish (Pangasius pangasius) for their potential probiotic development. Isolates were initially screened for their inhibitory effect against one of the most common fish pathogens, Edwardsiella tarda. Positive antagonists were subsequently tested for hemolytic activity, antibiotic susceptibility, and production of bacteriocin-like inhibitory substances (BLISs). Our results revealed 55 of the 405 isolates tested showed inhibitory effects towards the pathogen. Forty isolates were γ-hemolytic bacteria. Only 7 isolates were nonresistant to tested antibiotics. They were identified as Lactococcus lactis based on 16S rRNA characterization. Our BLIS data suggest that L. lactis subsp. lactis CF4MRS at the cell density of 106 cfu/mL could be effectively used to control E. tarda.
FAT: A real-time (F)orum (A)ssessment (T)ool to assist tutors with discussion forums assessment

Forums have secured a position of prominence in online courses. Interaction, collaboration and discussion are only a few examples of how forums can contribute to the students’ learning process in online environments. However, due to their dynamic nature, active and vibrant discussions may consist of hundreds of posts making the assessment of students’ participation and tutors’ guidance dicult. To alleviate these problems and realize the full potential of asynchronous discussion forums, automated assessment tools and planning are required. In this paper, we introduce a novel Web-based Forum Assessment Tool, called FAT, for generating real-time analytics about students participation and interaction in online forums. Such information enables tutors to promote more precise pedagogical actions along the discussion and get most from the students and the forum. Moreover, as FAT provides tutors with several participation perspectives of the students (e.g. interactions, posting behavior, etc.), it facilitates the nal assessment of each student. The tool presented is available online and generates analytics for discussion forums in the learning platform Moodle.
Detection and discrimination of biofilm populations using Locked 4 Nucleic Acid / 2 ’-O-Methyl-RNA Fluorescence In Situ Hybridization 5 ( LNA / 2 ’ OMe-FISH ) 6

Laboratory for Process Engineering, Environment, and Energy and Biotechnology Engineering (LEPABE), 9 Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Porto, Rua Dr Roberto Frias, 4200-465 10 Porto, Portugal 11 Nucleic Acid Center, Department of Physics, Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Southern Denmark, 5230 12 Odense M, Denmark 13 Institute for Biotechnology and Bioengineering (IBB), Centre of Biological Engineering, Universidade do Minho, 14 Campus de Gualtar, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal 15 Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Portugal 16 IBMC Instituto de Biologia Molecular e Celular, Universidade do Porto, Portugal 17 ICBAS Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas de Abel Salazar, Universidade do Porto, Portugal 18 19 *Corresponding author: Tel. : +351 22 508 1589; fax: +351 22 508 1449 20 E-mail addresses: nazevedo@fe.up. pt (Nuno F. Azevedo). 21
Dairy productivity in the Waikato region, 1994-2007

The dairy industry is a major contributor to both the New Zealand economy as a whole and to the Waikato regional economy in particular. The industry is experiencing a period of considerable change, with increases in dairy conversion, increased intensification, and increasing use of nitrogen fertilisers, each of which has an associated environmental cost. In this paper the productivity performance of the mature dairy industry in the Waikato region is investigated, using panel data at the sub-regional level from 1994 to 2007. Overall we show that, under a range of specifications, productivity growth independent of increasing land use and herd numbers has been significantly below the four percent industry target. This suggests that, if the four percent goal were to be met in the absence of significant technological progress, further increases in fertiliser use, land use, and/or farming intensity would be required.
Carrying Habits of Schoolchildren Association of Parental Awareness of Using Schoolbags With Musculoskeletal Symptoms and

The association between parental awareness of using schoolbags and the occurrence of musculoskeletal symptoms and carrying habits of children was investigated in a cross-sectional study in Tabriz, Iran. Data on 454 students aged 11 14 years and their parents (n 1⁄4 358) were analyzed. The awareness of the recommended weight limit, appropriate method of carrying schoolbags, and schoolbag strap adjustments was generally low among the respondents. A higher parental awareness of the schoolbag weight was associated with a lower prevalence of upper back and shoulder complaints among children and carrying loads less than 10% of their body weight. The findings suggest that parental awareness should have a more prominent role in changing the schoolbag carrying habits of children and particularly in reducing the weight of loads carried by them. This highlights the need to incorporate guidelines and recommendations into practice to ensure that the health and safety of schoolchildren are not compromised when using schoolbags.
Variable features on Mars 2: Mariner 9 global results

Systematic Mariner 9 monitoring of the space and time distribution of Martian bright and dark markings, the streaks and splotches, indicates a range of global correlations. The time variable classical dark markings owe their configurations and variability to their constituent streaks and splotches, produced by windblown dust. Streaks and splotches are consistent wind direction indicators. Correlation of global streak patterns with general circulation models shows that velocities ∼50 to 90 m/sec above the boundary layer are necessary to initiate grain motion on the surface and to produce streaks and splotches. Detailed examples of changes in Syrtis Major, Lunae Palus, and Promethei Sinus are generally consistent with removal of bright sand and dust and uncovering of darker underlying material as the active agent in such changes, although dark mobile material probably also exists on Mars. The generation of streaks and the progressive albedo changes observed require only threshold velocities of about 2 m/sec for about 1 day at the grain surface. We propose that the dark collar observed following the north polar cap in its retreat is produced by the scouring of bright overlying dust from the polar peripheral ground by winds driven by the temperature differences between frosted and unfrosted terrain. The stability of bright streaks and the variability of dark streaks and splotches, as well as their contrast, can be the result of size differences of the constituent particles.
Costs of producing switchgrass for biomass in Southern Iowa.

Switchgrass (Panicum virgatum L., Poaceae) is a perennial warm-season grass native to Iowa, grown for decades on marginal lands not well suited for conventional row crops. It is now being recognized as a potential energy source and alternative cash crop for Iowans. The Chariton Valley Biomass Project is Iowa’s first major switchgrass demonstration project, promoting switchgrass’ potential for large-scale production. Iowa imports 98% of the fuels needed to generate energy in the state. Future success of a domestic energy industry in Iowa is dependent on the development of alternative energy sources, including biomass. The support and participation of biomass producers will be critical to this future. Farmers’ acceptance of switchgrass will be determined by its profitability relative to existing alternative land uses. Therefore costs of production are a major factor determining whether or not producers will grow switchgrass. Switchgrass has been planted by some farmers under the Conservation Reserve Program (CRP) but the management techniques were essentially minimal and thus different from the ones required to make it a viable activity for producers. Since switchgrass is a relatively new commercial crop little is known about the costs to produce the crop at a commercial level. Some researchers have estimated the costs of production using data from experimental plots. The problem with using experimental data is that they may be different from the situation on farmers’ fields. This work estimates switchgrass production costs using producers’ data as much as possible and incorporating their actual management techniques. This paper provides information on the costs of producing switchgrass primarily for biomass in Southern Iowa. The details about switchgrass’ production and cultural practices are not discussed here but can be found in other Iowa State University (ISU) extension publications (Teel et al. 1997; ISU 1998).
A Survey on Access Control and Privacy Preserving Mechanisms on Relational Database

In current days of information technology, the assessment of data from existing database that are connected in a network were carried out simply by applying protection to database at the time of access only. Since during access of such data the access or privacy protection will not be there, due to this release and leakage of data can occur in a network. While the Access protection mechanism provides protection to sensitive data and privacy protection mechanism avoid the assessment of data by unauthorized users. Here the introductory and literature survey has presented which help further to design efficient system by considering all terms and circumstances. Keyword: - Relational Database, Accessing Methods, Privacy Preserving Techniques
Uniqueness theorem for p-biharmonic equations ∗

The goal of this paper is to prove existence and uniqueness of a solution of the initial value problem for the equation (|u|u) = λ|u|u where λ ∈ R and p, q > 1. We prove the existence for p ≥ q only, and give a counterexample which shows that for p < q there need not exist a global solution (blow-up of the solution can occur). On the other hand, we prove the uniqueness for p ≤ q, and show that for p > q the uniqueness does not hold true (we give a corresponding counterexample again). Moreover, we deal with continuous dependence of the solution on the initial conditions and parameters.
Exact Solutions of a Chaplygin Gas in an Anisotropic Space-Time of Petrov D

This document obtains two exact solutions to the anisotropic spacetime of Petrov D by using the model of a perfect fluid. These solutions represent a scenario of a universe in which the pressure P and the energetic density μ of the fluid are inversely proportional (Chaplygin’s type P = −Q2/μ), where Q is a constant of proportionality. It is established that the symmetry of those models, in the proximities when t → 0, is equivalent to the analogues for the dust model, and might tend to behave as the solutions of the flat or vacuum LRS Kasner solution (Local Rotational Symmetry). Although the solutions are not flat or vacuum in any of the cases, in those proximities, the density tends to infinite and with no pressure. When t→∞, the models tend to behave as the isotropic flat model of the type FRWL. In the analysis of the Hubble and the deceleration parameters obtained that in those solutions, the Hubble’s constant and the deceleration parameter, depend on time and manner in which their values, or tendency, significantly evolve. The deceleration parameter q changes its sign as times passes, so that it represents an initial deceleration process that, in continuity, constantly changes to a process of acceleration.
Option-Implied Preferences Adjustments and Risk-Neutral Density Forecasts

The main objective of this paper is to analyse the value of information contained in prices of options on the IBEX 35 index at the Spanish Stock Exchange Market. The forward looking information is extracted using implied risk-neutral density functions estimated by a mixture of two-lognormals and three alternative risk-adjustments: the classic power and exponential utility functions and a habit-based specification that allows for a counter-cyclical variation of risk aversion. Our results show that at four-week horizon we can reject the hypothesis that between October 1996 and March 2000 the risk-neutral densities provide accurate predictions of the distributions of future realisations of the IBEX 35 index at a four-week horizon. When forecasting through risk-adjusted densities the performance of this period is statistically improved and we no longer reject that hypothesis. All risk-adjusted densities generate similar forecasting statistics. Then, at least for a horizon of four-weeks, the actual risk adjustment does not seem to be the issue. By contrast, at the one-week horizon risk-adjusted densities do not improve the forecasting ability of the risk-neutral counterparts.
EFFECTS OF SALINITY ON OXYGEN CONSUMPTION AND BLOOD PROPERTIES OF YOUNG GREY MULLETS Mugil cephalus

Oxygen consumption (OC) is one of important factors in aquaculture activities, as the oxygen is a vital condition for all the organisms living in the water and having an aerobic type of respiration. OC is the preferred method for measuring and reporting the metabolic rate in fish. The aims of this study were to evaluate the effects of salinity on OC and blood properties of grey mullets. Five experimental groups were conducted to measure OC and blood properties of grey mullets Mugil cephalus (BW: 187.9 ± 45.8 g) according to salinity (30→0 psu, 0→30 psu) changes; SDS: fish reared in seawater (SW, 30 psu) directly shifted to SW, SGF: SW fish gradually shifted to freshwater (FW, 0 psu), SDF: SW fish directly shifted to FW, FDF: FW fish directly shifted to FW, and FDS: FW fish directly shifted to SW. The result showed that OC tended to decrease in the groups of SW fish shifted to FW showing 194.5 mg O2/kg/h at 25°C in SDS to 82.4 mg O2/kg/h at 15°C in SGF. On the contrary, OC increased in the groups of FW fish shifted to SW showing 80.5 mg O2/kg/h at 15°C in FDF to 184.0 mg O2/kg/h at 25°C in FDS. Cortisol levels at the end of experiments were rapidly increased with the lowering salinities in SW fish shifted to FW showing 20.6 ng/mL in SDS to 316.2 ng/mL in SDF, while those were decreased with the increasing salinities in FW fish shifted to SW showing 40.2 ng/mL in FDF to 10.3 ng/mL in FDS. However, glucose levels showed no significant differences among all experimental groups. Based on the information from this study, aquaculture of grey mullet might be applied or developed in freshwater due to its osmotic adaptation ability.
Target-Oriented Prestack Beamlet Migration Using Gabor-Daubechies Frames

*Summary Target-oriented Gabor-Daubechies beamlet prestack migration is performed with point sources and G-D framebased beam sources for detailed study of the target area and enhancement of certain structural features. The proposed migration method bears considerable advantages in either noise depression or directivity-involved imaging. 2D SEGEAGE salt model prestack data are tested. The obtained results show the improvement of image quality for subsalt structures, especially the steep faults, by selected sources and controlled illuminations. This demonstrates the great potential of the applications of beamlet migration to targetoriented seismic imaging.
Influence of Time to Walk Back and Comparing for the Self-balancing Production Line

Abstract. In traditional production lines, such as assembly lines, each worker is usually assigned to a fixed task, which is beneficial since it reduces the amount of training needed for workers to master their assigned tasks. However, when workers complete their tasks at different speeds, the slowest worker will determine the overall pace of the production line and limit production. To avoid this problem, the self-balancing production line was introduced. In this type of production line, each worker works dynamically, thus they can maintain balanced production. Previous research analyzing the performance of these lines has ignored the walk-back time associated with dynamic workers. U-shaped production lines have also been analyzed and policies for such lines have been proposed. However, the walk-back time cannot be ignored in practice, and research taking this factor into account is needed to enable balanced production and thus the maximum production rate. In this paper, we propose production policies for a production line with the walk-back time taken into account, and define and analyze the conditions for self-balancing. Furthermore, we have compared the performance of such a line with that of other production lines under the same conditions, and the results show the superiority of this line in certain cases.
Low-order ARMA approximation using a perceptually-based criterion, for sound synthesis ∗

This paper deals with the approximation of a given frequency response by a low-order linear ARMA filter (Auto-Regressive Moving Average). Because the aim of this work is the audio synthesis, the final judge of the approximation is the human listening, then a perceptually based criterion is defined and minimized. We propose the use of the iterative Gauss-Newton method for the solving of this nonlinear and non-convex problem. This algorithm is adapted to guarantee the causality/stability of the obtained filter, and eventually its minimum phase property. The benefit of this new method is illustrated, and its robustness is discussed.
M-Grid: Similarity Searching in Grids

The problem of similarity searching is nowadays attracting a lot of attention, because upcoming applications process complex data and the traditional exact match searching is not sufficient. There are efficient solutions, but they are tailored for the needs of specific data domains. General solutions, based on the metric space abstraction, are extensible, but they are designed to operate on a single computer only. Therefore, their scalability is limited and they cannot adapt to different performance requirements. In this paper, we propose a distributed access structure which is fully dynamic and exploits a Grid infrastructure. We study properties of this structure in numerous experiments. Besides, the performance tuning is analyzed with respect to user-specific requirements which include the maximum response time and the number of queries executed concurrently.
Hypervolemic Versus Normovolemic Therapy in Patients with Ruptured Cerebral Aneurysm

Background: Postoperative triple H therapy is regarded as a mainstay for prophylaxis and treatment of delayed ischemic neurologic deficit (DIND) after subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH). However, there are doubts about its effectiveness. This study was performed to assess hypervolemic dynamic fluid therapy in patients with ruptured cerebral aneurysms. Methods: The authors retrospectively studied a total of 393 patients with ruptured cerebral aneurysms, consisting of early surgery with or without intraoperative ventriculostomy during a recent 5 year period (July 1998-June 2003). Hypervolemic dynamic fluid therapy was initiated postoperatively in patients with DIND. Since January 2001, however, patients were maintained in normovolemia and normotension, and when DIND had manifested, low molecular weight dextran was only added. The incidence of DIND and outcome according to Glasgow Outcome Scale at 6 months of the normovolemic group were compared with the hypervolemic group. All patients were followed for at least 14 days after the admission including clinical assessment, TCD recording, CT scanning, CVP measurements, and nimodipine infusion. Results: Subjects in the two treatment groups were similar with regard to age, sex, Fisher grade, Hunt-Hess grade, aneurysm location, and aneurysm size. No differences were found between the two groups regarding the incidence of DIND (29/182: 15.9% vs 29/211: 13.7%). Surgical outcome in the normovolemic group (good, 171/211: 81.0%) was comparable to the hypervolemic group (good, 154/182: 84.6%). Conclusions: Although careful fluid management to avoid hypovolemia may reduce the risk of DIND after SAH, prophylactic hypervolemic dynamic fluid therapy is unlikely to confer an additional benefit. J Korean Neurol Assoc 24(4):323-327, 2006
Down-regulation of protein kinase Cdelta inhibits inducible nitric oxide synthase expression through IRF 1 Leppänen

In inflammation, pro-inflammatory cytokines and bacterial products induce the production of high amounts of NO by inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) in inflammatory and tissue cells. NO is an effector molecule in innate immunity, and it also has regulatory and pro-inflammatory/destructive effects in the inflammatory process. Protein kinase Cd (PKCd) is an important signaling protein regulating B lymphocyte functions, but less is known about its effects in innate immunity and inflammatory gene expression. In the present study we investigated the role of PKCd in the regulation of iNOS expression in inflammatory conditions. NO production and iNOS expression were induced by LPS or a combination of cytokines IFNc, IL1b, and TNFa. Down-regulation of PKCd by siRNA and inhibition of PKCd by rottlerin suppressed NO production and iNOS expression in activated macrophages and fibroblasts. PKCd directed siRNA and inhibition of PKCd by rottlerin suppressed also the expression of transcription factor IRF1, possibly through inhibition of STAT1 activation. Accordingly, downregulation of IRF1 by siRNA reduced iNOS expression in response to inflammatory stimuli. In addition, inhibition of PKCd showed anti-inflammatory effects in carrageenan induced paw inflammation in mice as did iNOS inhibitor L-NIL. These results suggest that inhibitors of PKCd have anti-inflammatory effects in disease states complicated by enhanced NO production through iNOS pathway. Citation: Leppänen T, Korhonen R, Laavola M, Nieminen R, Tuominen RK, et al. (2013) Down-Regulation of Protein Kinase Cd Inhibits Inducible Nitric Oxide Synthase Expression through IRF1. PLoS ONE 8(1): e52741. doi:10.1371/journal.pone. 0052741 Editor: Anil Kumar Tyagi, University of Delhi, India Received June 13, 2012; Accepted November 21, 2012; Published January 9, 2013 Copyright: 2013 Leppänen et al. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. Funding: This study was supported by grants from The Finnish Funding Agency for Technology and Innovation, The Medical Research Fund of Tampere University Hospital, Finnish Cultural Foundation Pirkanmaa Regional Fund and The National Programme of Musculoskeletal Disorders and Biomaterials. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. Competing Interests: The authors have declared that no competing interests exist. * E-mail: eeva.moilanen@uta.fi