Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Incidence, clearance and predictors of human papillomavirus infection in women.

BACKGROUND Persistent infection with carcinogenic human papillomavirus (HPV) is linked to high-grade lesions and cervical cancer. To better understand the natural history of HPV, we sought to determine the rates of incident and cleared carcinogenic HPV infection, by age, among women aged 15-49 years and to explore risk factors for incident infection. METHODS Women enrolled in an earlier HPV prevalence survey (500 of 800 who were HPV-negative and all 121 who were HPV-positive) were invited to participate in follow-up HPV testing at their periodic health examination one year later. A cervical soft-brush specimen for HPV testing and a smear for cytologic examination were obtained, and participants completed a questionnaire on their demographic characteristics and sexual history. RESULTS Two hundred and fifty-three (50.6%) previously HPV-negative women and 54 (44.6%) previously HPV-positive women were retested. The mean interval between visits was 14.0 (standard deviation 2.0, median 13.5, range 9.0-21.3) months. Incident HPV infection occurred in 11.1% (28/253) of the women overall, with the highest rate, 25.0% (6/24), in the 15-19-year age group. In the univariate analyses, risk factors for incident HPV were the median number of sexual partners in the past year (< or = 1 v. > or = 2: odds ratio [OR] 8.2, 95% confidence interval [CI] 3.0-22.2; p < 0.001) and the median number of sexual partners over a lifetime (> 3 v. < or = 3: OR 3.0, 95% CI 1.2-7.2; p = 0.014). In multivariate logistic regression modelling adjusted for age, median number of sexual partners in the past year, median number of sexual partners over a lifetime, marital status, current smoking and current use of oral contraceptives, only the median number of sexual partners in the past year remained significantly associated with incidence (OR 6.2, 95% CI 1.6-24.5; p = 0.009). Of the previously HPV-positive women, 51.9% (28/54) had cleared the infection. INTERPRETATION Incident infection with carcinogenic HPV was highest in women aged 15-19 years, and risk factors were consistent with a sexually transmitted infection. A large proportion of the women who were HPV-positive appeared to have cleared the infection after one year.
Analysis of the two-quadrant converter having rectifier with near sinusoidal input currents and capacitors connected on the AC side

A new topology for a two-quadrant converter is presented. In the AC/DC transfer mode, the converter works as a rectifier with near sinusoidal input currents and capacitors connected on the AC side (RNSIC-2), whereas in the DC/AC transfer mode, it works as a square-wave pulse switching inverter. The converter is characterized by smaller power losses and reduced electromagnetic interference problems. Possible applications in adjustable speed drive with regenerative braking, wind energy conversion systems and small hydro interconnections with induction generators.
Chronic users of LSD: the "acidheads".

Twenty-one paid volunteers who were chronic users of LSD were interviewed and participated in a series of cognitive and perceptual tests and EEG studies. Among other observations derived from both interviews and testing, the authors noted that the group shared a set of magical-mystical beliefs and profound nonaggressive attitudes, as well as a unique sensitivity to certain types of sensory stimulation. The authors suggest that the beliefs and attitudes of the group may have arisen as learned consequences of frequent, intense LSD experiences in susceptible individuals.
Critical behavior of trifunctional randomly branched polycyanurates

The behavior near the gelation threshold of trifunctional randomly branched polycyanurates is studied by static and dynamic light scattering. By static measurements the critical exponents y, σ and v were obtained, which describe the divergence of the weight average (Mw) and the characteristic (M.) molecular weights and the radius of gyration (R g ) respectively. All these independently measured exponents together with τ, describing the power law behavior of the molecular weight distribution and measured by size exclusion chromatography coupled with light scattering, confirm the predictions of the three-dimensional percolation theory. Furthermore, it was shown by dynamic light scattering that the power law behavior over some decades in time of the time autocorrelation function and the divergence of the mean relaxation time are characteristics of the gelpoint. The development with increasing reaction time of the time correlation function of the gelling system from the pregel through the gel-point into the gel state was analyzed quantitatively by a hybride of a stretched exponential and a power law function. It was shown that the basic relations between γ, σ, v and τ are fulfilled and should be universally valid. On the other side, the relations, which link the characteristic exponents of the time correlation function at the gelpoint to the basic exponents, gave incoherent predictions. In that way, one can assume that their universal validity is limited, since some additional assumptions on the local dynamics are needed
Anode break excitation and Pfluger's law.

The relations between the nodes of stimulating current and excitation were studied on frog nerve with special emphasis on anode break excitation. The threshold for anode break excitation was several times greater than cathode make threshold. Following an exceedingly strong anodal pulse, there is a period of marked reduction in anode break threshold. The data indicate that anode break excitation in whole nerve results from node membrane breakdown, as concluded in a previous investigation on the single Ranvier node. The many confusing results often obtained in demonstrating Pfluger's law on whole nerve were found to be attributable to populations of nerve fibers in whole nerve and are readily explained by the results of single-fiber experiments.
High Rate of Antibiotic Resistance in a Neonatal Intensive Care Unit of a University Hospital

Aims: Management of infections in new-born remain a major problem globally due to their delicate nature. Bacteremia in new born has resulted in high mortality. Determining the prevalence and antibiotic susceptibility pattern of Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae and Staphylocccus aureus which dominates in sepsis is important. Study Design: During a 4 month period in 2015, 98 blood samples were collected from new-born admitted to a university hospital in Delta State, Nigeria. Methodology: Isolation of organisms were based on growth patterns, morphological appearance and biochemical analysis. Antimicrobial susceptibility were determined following Kirby-Bauer disc diffusion methods, using 11 different antibiotics which include Gentamicin (10 μg), Ofloxacin, (5 μg) Ciprofloxacin, (5 μg) Amoxicillin-clavulanic acid (30 μg), Ceftazidime (30 μg), Cefuroxime, (30 μg) Trimethoprim-sulphamethoxazole (25 μg), Nitrofurantoin (300 μg), Cefixime (5 μg), Cloxacillin (10 μg) and Erythromycin (10 μg). Results: A total of 30 (30.61%) Escherichia coli, 20 (20.41%) Klebsiella pneumoniaè and 18 (18.37%) Staphylococcus aureus were isolated. Susceptibility results indicate that all isolates were Original Research Article Egbule et al.; BMRJ, 15(1): 1-6, 2016; Article no.BMRJ. 25324 2 highly resistant to Gentamicin and to the two lower generation cephalosporins tested; Ceftazidime and Cefuroxime. In addition, all isolates were multidrug resistant. Conclusion: Our data has revealed that a serious problem of antimicrobial resistance exist among bloodstream isolates of new-born in our hospital.
Treatment options for community-acquired pneumonia in the elderly people

Community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) represents one of the most common reasons for hospitalization in elderly people. Because older persons are the fastest growing segment of the population, a further increase of the incidence of CAP is expected in the next few years. Due to the high frequency, the different epidemiology, the atypical clinical presentation and the age-related modifications in drug metabolism that complicate the treatment, infections in the elderly people represent a major challenge for physicians. Despite the peculiarity of the management of CAP in the elderly people, no specific recommendations for antimicrobial treatment are provided in the international guidelines. The aim of this review is to give an update of the current antibiotic options for CAP in the elderly people reporting available data on the CAP etiology and risk factors, and tolerability, toxicity and pharmacokinetics/pharmacodynamic of antimicrobial agents used for elderly patients.
Costimulation Light: Activation of CD4+ T Cells with CD80 or CD86 Rather Than Anti-CD28 Leads to a Th2 Cytokine Profile1

To examine the role of CD28 and CTLA-4 in Th cell differentiation, we used a novel microsphere-based system to compare the effects of CD28 ligation by Ab or CD80/CD86. One set of beads was prepared by coating with anti-CD3 and anti-CD28 Ab. Another set of beads was prepared by immobilizing anti-CD3 and murine CD80-Ig fusion protein or murine CD86-Ig fusion protein on the beads. The three sets of beads were compared in their effects on the ability to activate and differentiate splenic CD4 T cells. When purified naive CD4+ cells were stimulated in vitro, robust proliferation of similar magnitude was induced by all three sets of beads. When cytokine secretion was examined, all bead preparations induced an equivalent accumulation of IL-2. In contrast, there was a marked difference in the cytokine secretion pattern of the Th2 cytokines IL-4, IL-10, and IL-13. The B7-Ig-stimulated cultures had high concentrations of Th2 cytokines, whereas there were low or undetectable concentrations in the anti-CD28-stimulated cultures. Addition of anti-CTLA-4 Fab augmented B7-mediated IL-4 secretion. These studies demonstrate that B7 is a critical and potent stimulator of Th2 differentiation, and that anti-CD28 prevents this effect.
Ultra Low Power programmable biomedical SoC for on-body ECG and EEG processing

An Ultra Low Power (ULP) biomédical System-on-Chip (SoC) has been developed for efficient ECG/EEG signal processing in a Body Area Network environment. This experimental SoC explores the use of event-driven peripheral modules that autonomously interact with external sensors together with the use of an Application-Specific-Instruction-set-Processor (ASIP) to optimize energy-efficiency during active and sleep periods. The SoC has been manufactured in standard 90nm CMOS process and use has been made of power gating to reduce leakage power that starts to become more dominant in advanced technologies. When running an ECG algorithm that is capable of reliably detecting the QRS complex in an ambulatory environment, an average power consumption of 10 μW has been measured at 0.7 V supply.
Pose Determination of a Three-Dimensional Object Using Triangle Pairs

A procedure is presented to estimate the unconstrained three-dimensional location and orientation of an object with a known shape when it is visible in a single image. Using a generalized Hough transform, all six parameters of the object position are estimated from the distribution of values determined by matching triples of points on the object to possibly corresponding triples in the image. Most likely candidates for location are found, and then the remaining rotational parameters are evaluated. Two solutions are generally admitted to the distribution by every match of triangles. The number of possible matches is reduced by checking a simple geometric relation among triples. Even with partial occlusion, experiments indicate that the procedure is very reliably accurate, although optimization can further improve estimates of the parameters. >
Multi-objective performance optimisation for model predictive control by goal attainment

This article proposes an approach for performance tuning of model predictive control (MPC) using goal-attainment optimisation of the cost function weighting matrices. The approach is developed for three formulations of the control problem: (i) minimal and (ii) non-minimal design based on the same cost function and (iii) a non-minimal MPC approach with an explicit integral-of-error state variable and modified cost function. This approach is based on earlier research into multi-objective optimisation for proportional-integral-plus control systems. Simulation experiments for a 3-input, 3-output Shell heavy oil fractionator model illustrate the feasibility of MPC goal attainment for multivariable decoupling and attainment of a specific output response. For this example, the integral-of-error state variable offers improved design flexibility and hence, when it is combined with the proposed tuning method, yields an improved closed-loop response in comparison to minimal MPC.
Depictions of smoking in recent high-grossing Japanese movies

Some have argued that depictions of smoking in movies are factors that trigger the initiation of adolescent smoking.1–6 Previous studies on this topic were carried out mostly in the United States. There are few data on the depiction of smoking in Japanese movies. In Japan, smoking is highly prevalent among adolescents and adults.7 8 In this study, we examined the frequency with which smoking is depicted in recent high-grossing Japanese movies. The 10 highest-grossing Japanese movies in each year from 2000 to 2006 were viewed. The box-office receipts were based on the records of the Motion Picture Association …
Nuevas aplicaciones de la genética en la alimentación: los alimentos transgénicos

gía el uso de un organismo vivo con un propósito industrial. Por ejemplo, cuando se utiliza un hongo para producir penicilina se aplica biotecnología porque se usa un microorganismo para generar un fármaco que luego se vende. Biotecnología de alimentos no es más que el uso de seres vivos en la producción de alimentos, lo que incluye toda la alimentación, porque todo cuanto comemos son, o han sido, seres vivos, ya sean animales, vegetales, o alimentos o bebidas fermentadas por un microorganismo. Pero el consumidor, sobre todo el europeo, tiene una percepción distinta de lo que es biotecnología de los alimentos y entiende que este término hace referencia a la aplicación de la genética en la alimentación. En otras palabras, los consumidores europeos entienden por biotecnología de alimentos “poner genes en su sopa”.
Is Endometriosis Associated with Systemic Subclinical Inflammation?

Endometriosis is a pelvic inflammatory process with altered function of immune-related cells and increased number of activated macrophages in the peritoneal environment that secrete various local products, such as growth factors and cytokines. The elevation of cytokines and other factors in the peritoneal fluid is accompanied by the elevation of similar factors, such as CRP, SAA, TNF-α, MCP-1, IL-6, IL-8 and CCR1, in the peripheral blood of patients with endometriosis. CD44+ and CD14+ monocytes are significantly increased, while CD3+ T lymphocytes and CD20+ B lymphocytes show modest, but significant decrease in peripheral blood of women with endometriosis. This indicates that endometriosis could be viewed as a local disease with systemic subclinical manifestations. This review provides an overview of data on the changes of various factors in peripheral blood and their potential use as diagnostic tools in patients with endometriosis.
System Discovery and Signaling Transmission Using Bootstrap in ATSC 3.0

In ATSC 3.0, a bootstrap is used to enable service discovery and signaling reception at low signal levels. The ATSC 3.0 bootstrap is described in this paper. The bootstrap signal consists of several specially-coded OFDM symbols. The first bootstrap symbol is used for detection, synchronization, and service discovery. The remaining symbols convey system parameters describing the associated physical layer frame structure, e.g., signal bandwidth, sampling rate. The originating sequence for bootstrap signaling is a combination of a Zadoff-Chu sequence and a pseudo-noise sequence in the frequency domain. Signaling information is conveyed through the use of cyclic shifts in the time domain. The coarse timing synchronization, symbol detection, and fractional frequency offset estimation are performed simultaneously in the time domain, while the integral frequency offset estimation and the transmission parameter signaling decoding are performed in the frequency domain. Superior detection and decoding performance are proved by simulation in typical use cases, and very low thresholds and capability in difficult channel models are enabled by the use of the bootstrap.
Correlation of tumour response with starting tumour size and dose of tamoxifen in an N-methyl-N-nitrosourea (NMU)-induced rat mammary cancer model.

BACKGROUND The aim of this preliminary study was to address variations of responses observed with different starting tumor sizes of 10 and 15 mm, and the effects of different doses of tamoxifen (TAM) on experimental rat mammary tumors. MATERIALS AND METHODS Thirty-five inbred female Sprague Dawley rats aged 43 days were administered with three weekly doses of N-methyl-N-nitrosourea (NMU) intraperitoneally (ip) at 50 mg/kg body weight. Animals were randomized (beginning from 10 mm tumor size) into four TAM-treated (50, 100, 200 and 500 μg/day) groups of six animals each, and another group (n=6) treated with TAM 100 μg/day at starting tumour size of 15 mm. The animals were treated by oral gavage daily for 8 weeks before sacrifice. RESULTS Serum urea and creatinine, and overall physical tumor burden were significantly modulated in animals treated with variable doses of TAM compared to the untreated controls (n=5). Final body weight and tumor number were significantly different in the 10 mm-treated animals compared to those treated at 15 mm. There were no significant differences in histopathological features among all the groups. CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggest the importance of standardizing tumour size and drug doses before initiation of treatment, particularly in the direct comparison of basic end-tumour physical parameters.
Remediation of flare pit soils using supercritical fluid extraction

Supercritical fluid extraction (SFE) is a promising remediation technology for contaminated soils. This work investigates the use of SFE to remove petroleum hydrocarbons (PHCs) from flare pit soils. Extractions were performed on two flare pit soils at pressures ranging from 11.0 to 24.1 MPa and at temperatures ranging from 40 to 80 °C in an attempt to identify the best extraction conditions and to understand the effects of pressure, temperature, supercritical fluid flow rate, soil type, and extraction time on the extraction efficiency. For the conditions studied, the efficiency of the SFE process appeared to be solvent-density dependent. Conditions of 24.1 MPa and 40 °C (highest supercritical fluid density) yielded the highest extraction efficiency for both soils (89% for the sand and 80% for the loam). An increase in temperature at a fixed pressure led to a decrease in the extraction efficiency while an increase in pressure at a fixed temperature led to an increase in the extraction efficiency. The treat.
p53 mutations, chronic hepatitis B virus infection, and aflatoxin exposure in hepatocellular carcinoma in Taiwan.

Recent studies have implicated aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) exposure as an etiological agent in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and suggested an interaction with chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection. Worldwide AFB1 exposure correlates with a specific mutation at codon 249 in the p53 tumor suppressor gene in liver tumors. This study investigated the roles of HBV and AFB1 in the HCC carcinogenic pathway involving p53 mutations. In cases and controls, chronic HBV infection was assessed by serum hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) and AFB1 exposure by immunohistochemical detection of AFB1-DNA adduct in liver tissue. p53 protein mutations in tumor tissues of HCC cases were identified by immunohistochemistry and DNA mutations by single-stranded conformational polymorphism and sequencing analysis. Both chronic HBsAg carrier status and liver AFB1-DNA adducts were significantly higher in cases than in controls with odds ratios (OR) of 8.4 and 3.9, respectively (P < 0.01). Moreover, HCC risk was greatest in individuals with both AFB1-DNA adducts and HBsAg, suggesting a viral-chemical interaction. Mutant p53 protein, mutations in the p53 gene, and specific codon 249 mutations were detected in 37, 29, and 13%, respectively, of the HCC cases. Most of the DNA mutations were transversions, and the only major clustering site for mutations was codon 249. AFB1-DNA adducts were associated with p53 protein (OR = 2.9, P = 0.054) and DNA mutations (OR = 2.9, P = 0.082) but with borderline significance. All of the codon 249 mutations (n = 12) occurred in HBsAg-seropositive carriers, resulting in an OR of 10.0 (P < 0.05), suggesting that HBV may be involved in the selection of these mutations. The ORs between HBsAg and p53 DNA and protein mutations were 2.6 (P = 0.077) and 1.8 (P > 0.05), respectively. Both p53 DNA and protein mutations were related to tumor stage, suggesting that they are late events. These studies provided further support for the role of aflatoxin exposure in HCC in Taiwan and insight into viral-chemical interactions and molecular pathogenesis.
Immunological identification of A1 adenosine receptors in brain cortex

The A1 adenosine receptor from pig brain cortex has been identified by means of two antipeptide antibodies against two domains of the receptor molecule: PC/10 antiserum was raised against a part of the third intracellular loop, and PC/20 antiserum was raised against a part of the second extracellular loop. PC/10 antibody was able to recognize a 39‐kDa band that corresponded to the Al receptor, as demonstrated by immunoblotting and by immunoprecipitation of the molecule cross‐linked to [125I](R)‐2‐azidoN2‐p‐hydroxy(phenylisopropyl)adenosine. Besides the 39‐kDa band, PC/20 also recognized a 74‐kDa form that does not seem to correspond to a receptor‐G protein complex. The occurrence of the two bands was detected and analyzed in samples from different species and tissues showing a heterogeneous distribution of both. The 74‐kDa form can be converted into the 39‐kDa form by treatment with agonists or antagonists of Al adenosine receptors. These results suggest that A1 adenosine receptor can occur in dimers and that the dimer–monomer conversion might be regulated by adenosine as the physiological ligand. Since the 74‐kDa aggregates were not recognized by PC/10, it is likely that part of the third intracellular loop participates in the protein–protein interaction. ©1995 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Gene expression in the axolotl germ line: Axdazl, Axvh, Axoct‐4, and Axkit

Primordial germ cells (PGCs) in embryos of mammals and urodele amphibians are formed by induction in the absence of germ plasm. We describe expression of four germ cell‐related genes through the germ cell cycle of the axolotl. The orthologs of vasa and daz‐like are up‐regulated in PGCs of tail bud embryos before the gonad forms and are expressed throughout the female germ cell cycle. Mammalian Oct‐4 is a marker of pluripotency in embryonic cells. Axolotl Oct‐4 has higher homology to Oct‐4 than that found in other vertebrates. It is expressed in the equivalent of the mouse epiblast, in the posterior mesoderm of late gastrulae that gives rise to PGCs, and in diplotene growing oocytes, but not in presumptive PGCs after gastrulation. Finally, a c‐kit homolog is expressed in gonadal oogonia and growing oocytes as in mice but is also not found in PGCs. The expression pattern in urodele gonadal germ cells is similar to that of other vertebrates, although the pattern in pregonadal PGCs is distinctly different from that of mice. We conclude that PGCs are restricted to the germ line later in urodeles than in mice or lack migration and proliferation programs. Developmental Dynamics 231:871–880, 2004. © 2004 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.