Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
AVALIAÇÃO DA IMUNOGENICIDADE DE UMA VACINA EXPERIMENTAL OBTIDA A PARTIR DE Mycoplasma pulmonis ISOLADO DE RATOS (Rattus norvegicus) NATURALMENTE INFECTADOS (IMMUNOGENICITY EVALUATION OF AN EXPERIMENTAL VACCINE OBTAINED BY Mycoplasma pulmonis ISOLATED FROM NATURALLY INFECTED RATS (Rattus norvegicus))

SUMMARY The occurrence of mycoplasmosis was investigated in the animal house of a research center in the Ribeirao Preto – SP region with a history of clinical diseases attacking the entire stock in an enzootic manner. The confirmatory diagnosis was made by serologic screening by ELISA and by microbiological examination of material obtained from healthy and sick rats. A vaccine was developed containing a formolized Mycoplasma pulmonis suspension adsorbed to aluminum hydroxide and administered subcutaneously at the dose of 0.5 ml. The experiment was conducted on rats (Rattus norvegicus) reared in a conventional animal house. Antibody levels were quantified by ELISA at 0, 15 and 30 days after vaccination and serum conversion was observed, suggesting that vaccination can act as an effective immunological barrier for the control of mycoplasmosis, hopefully representing a probable means of eradication of the disease among experimental animals.
Validation of washing treatments to reduce Escherichia coli O157:H7 and Escherichia coli surrogates, Salmonella spp., and Listeria monocytogenes populations on the surface of green leaf lettuce, tomatoes, and cantaloupes

Produce such as tomatoes, lettuce, and cantaloupes have been associated repeatedly with food outbreaks connected to various Salmonella serovars, Listeria monocytogenes, and Escherichia coli O157:H7. The aim of this research was to validate washing solutions and techniques in reducing pathogens on produce surfaces. Lettuce (25 ± 0.3g) and tomatoes were inoculated with E. coli O157:H7 and Salmonella spp. , respectively. Samples were treated with tap water (TW) or a chemical wash treatment (CWT; containing citric acid) for 30, 60, or 120 s. Reduction of E. coli O157:H7 and Salmonella spp. populations on the surface of leaf lettuce and tomatoes, respectively, were greater (P<0.05) for CWT (ca. 3.0 logs) than for TW (ca. 2.32.5 logs). Cantaloupes were washed with TW, 9% vinegar solution, or a commercial antimicrobial for fruit and vegetables treatment (CAFVT; containing lactic acid) for 2 min using a washing system. Cantaloupes were cut into wedges or cubes and stored at 4oC for aerobic plate counts (APC) on days 0, 1, 3, and 6. APC populations of cubed and wedged cantaloupes were different over time (P=0.00052); cantaloupes washed with 9% vinegar solution showed the lowest APC populations after day 1 and 3 of storage. Salmonella spp. or L. monocytogenes inoculated cantaloupes were washed with CPW for 30, 60 or 120 s. Washing cantaloupes for 120 s with CPW showed greater (P<0.05) reductions of Salmonella spp. and L. monocytogenes populations (1.26 and 1.12 log10 CFU/cm 2 ) than TW (ca. 0.63 log10 CFU/cm 2 ) on cantaloupe surface. Lettuce leaves were inoculated with rifampicin-resistant E. coli surrogates and then washed with CAFVT, 5% vinegar solution or TW for 2 min with agitation (washing system) or without. Log reductions of CAFVT (2.25 log10 CFU/g) were greater (P=0.0145) than those by tap water (1.34 log10 CFU/g), but similar to 5% vinegar solution (2.09 log10 CFU/g). Washing lettuce with continuous agitation achieved higher (P=0.0072) E. coli reductions (2.26 log10 CFU/g) than without agitation (1.53 log10 CFU/g). Overall, incorporation of wash solutions or agitation (washing system) in the washing process compared to TW alone reduced greater (P<0.05) APC, pathogens, or surrogates populations from lettuce, tomato, and cantaloupe surfaces. VALIDATION OF WASHING TREATMENTS TO REDUCE ESCHERICHIA COLI O157:H7 AND ESCHERICHIA COLI SURROGATES, SALMONELLA SPP. , AND LISTERIA MONOCYTOGENES POPULATIONS ON THE SURFACE OF GREEN LEAF LETTUCE, TOMATOES, AND CANTALOUPES
Transgenic Tomato Plants Ectopically Expressing BrRZFP1 Gene Encoding C3HC4-type RING Zinc Finger Protein

C3HC4-type RING zinc finger proteins are known to be essential in the regulation of plant processes, including responses to abiotic stress. In order to explore the potential of the BrRZFP1 gene to enhance tolerance toward multiple stresses in different host plant genomes, we generated transgenic tomato ( Solanum lycopersicum L. cv. Goldenbell) plants. The tomato plants overexpressing BrRZFP1 acquired a higher tolerance to drought stress. However, the transgenic plants did not appear to be more cold tolerant than the WT, in any tested condition. The data obtained indicate that the specificity and the degree of BrRZFP1 activity depend on the host genomic background. In physiological assessment of salt stress tolerance, transgenic plants showed more dry matter accumulation and maintained significantly higher levels of leaf chlorophyll content along with increasing levels of salt stress than the wild type plants. This study shows that BrRZFP1 is a candidate gene in the engineering of crops for enhanced drought and salt stress tolerance.
Foraging Ecology of the Long-Nosed Bat, Glossophaga Soricina, With Respect to Resource Availability

The relationship between foraging behavior and resource availability for the long—nosed bat (Glossophaga soricina) and five species of plants it fed on in northern Columbia was investigated in a 10—mo study. Glossophaga employed two foraging tactics: (1) territorial defense of concentrated food sources, and (2) trapline foraging along regularly used feeding routes. The tactic used depended on availability of Agave desmettiana nectar and the individual bat's ability to dominate conspecifics. When both hunger and nectar levels were highest, bats concentrated their feeding activity on A. desmettiana. Aggressive behavior was displayed by dominant male and female bats during the first 3—5 h of feeding. Territorial behavior ceased suddenly when nectar levels were depleted by 50% or more at 2.5—5 h after sunset. Later in the evening, bats foraged briefly from one plant to another at several species along regularly used routes. Bats that maintained early—evening territories had increased access to nectar—rich agave flowers and had significantly smaller total foraging areas than nonterritorial bats. The feeding territories of female Glossophaga were shared with their immature offspring. Territorial behavior at agave was attributed in part to defensibility of its flowers. Foraging experiments demonstrated that G. soricina used a feeding strategy that was efficient with respect to choice of food patch and allocation of time. This is the first study that used marked individuals to document feeding territories and trapline foraging for nectar—feeding bats.
Insect Outbreaks Revisited

This revised version of the classical textbook, Insect Outbreaks (Barbosa & Schultz 1987), is an absolute must for those interested in applied entomology, either as a book to own or to recommend for the library. The very broad approach to the topic makes the book useful for both the novice wishing to obtain a general background as well as for the specialist, expert in a specific field but needing to catch up on contemporary ideas in the broader topic. The text is well written, easy to read and presented in an interesting and accessible way.
Un reto y una preocupación actual: Pseudomonas aeruginosa

La resistencia a múltiples antibióticos se ha incrementado en los últimos años, sobre todo en el caso de enterobacterias: Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Stenotrophomonas maltophilia y Acinetobacter spp. Dicha resistencia ocurre como resultado de la modificación o inactivación del antibiótico, la modificación del sitio de unión o bien, una disminución en la acumulación, la cual ocasiona alteración en la permeabilidad de la membrana y/o incremento en las bombas de flujo al exterior.
Influence of Feeding Frequency and Timetable on Egg Parameters and Reproductive Performance in Broiler Breeder Hens

The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the relationship between the feeding frequency and timetable on egg parameters and reproductive performance of broiler breeder hens. The study involved 480 Ross–308 strain broiler breeder hens from 31 to 38 weeks of age. Birds were randomly assigned to 15 dietary treatments, including four replicates (seven hens and one rooster/treatment), and fed conventional diet (11.7 MJ kg−1 of metabolisable energy, 14% crude protein). Treatments were as follows: (1) once-a-day feeding schedule (control), in which birds received their total allocated feed at 0400 h; (2) twice-a-day feeding schedule, in which the daily feed allowance was divided into two equal meals (50:50) and fed at 0400 and 1600 h; (3) twice-a-day feeding, 75:25 at 0400 and 1600 h; (4) twice-a-day feeding, 50:50 at 0400 and 1200 h; (5) twice-a-day feeding, 75:25 at 0400 and 1200 h; (6) twice-a-day feeding, 75:25 at 0600 and 1600 h; (7) twice-a-day feeding, 50:50 at 0600 and 1600 h; (8) three times feeding schedule, 50:25:25 at 0400, 1200 and 1600 h; (9) three times feeding schedule, 33:33:33 at 0400, 1200 and 1600 h; (10) three times feeding schedule, 25:50:25 at 0400, 1200 and 1600 h; (11) three times feeding schedule, 25:25:50 at 0400, 1200 and 1600 h; (12) three times feeding schedule, 50:25:25 at 0600, 1200 and 1600 h; (13) three times feeding schedule, 33:33:33 at 0600, 1200 and 1600 h; (14) four times feeding schedule, 33:22:22:22 at 0400, 0800, 1200 and 1600 h; and (15) four times feeding schedule, 50:17:17:17 at 0400, 0800, 1200 and 1600 h, respectively. According to our results, until 38 weeks of age the egg production, eggshell weight, albumen height and yolk colour as well as Haugh unit were positively influenced (P < 0.05) in the hens fed twice a day. Similarly, also using the evaluation index and sub-ordinate function methods, the higher scores were obtained by birds fed more than once a day. In contrast, all feeding regimens did not affect the other egg parameters. Therefore, it can be concluded that feeding broiler breeder hens twice or three times per day improved the egg traits and reproductive performance during the egg peak production phase.
A COMPARATIVE STUDY OF GERMINATION RESPONSES TO DIURNALLY-FLUCTUATING TEMPERATURES

(1) Seeds collected from populations of a range of native herbaceous plants in the Sheffield region were subjected to experimental treatments providing a range of amplitudes of diurnal fluctuations in temperature. All experiments involved a photoperiod of 18 h combined in some species with a comparable series of temperature treatments applied in continuous darkness. (2) In the light a stimulation of germination by fluctuating temperature was observed in forty-six of the 112 species tested. The responses varied from those indicating an absolute requirement in all seeds for large (>5 OC) fluctuations (e.g. Rorippa islandica) to polymorphisms (e.g. Carex otrubae) in which some seeds germinated at constant temperatures whilst the remainder responded to small (<5 OC) fluctuations. (3) The capacity to respond to fluctuating temperatures in the light was prominent in species of wetland where it appears to provide a mechanism whereby spring germination may be initiated by increasing irradiance and falling water table. (4) In certain species (e.g. Ranunculus repens) the effect of continuous darkness was to increase the amplitude of temperature fluctuation necessary for germination. Small-seeded species known to form buried seed reserves (e.g. Juncus effusus) were inhibited by darkness and in the absence of light did not respond to fluctuating temperatures. (5) Sensitivity to temperature fluctuations in darkness was observed in species of grassland, wetland and disturbed habitats, and was conspicuous among species forming persistent seed banks. It seems likely that responses to temperature fluctuations in darkness provide mechanisms of depth-sensing by buried seeds and may initiate establishment from seed within canopy gaps. (6) Many of the species found to respond to temperature fluctuations in darkness are successful weeds of arable land or pasture. A polymorphic response to temperature fluctuations may account partially for the unpredictability of appearance of infestations of these weeds. The ability to invade canopy gaps throughout the year is important to the success of many pasture weeds (e.g. Rumex obtusifolius, Ranunculus repens) and is notably absent from the major sown species, Lolium perenne.
Molecular basis of hereditary cystic kidney diseases

The inherited cystic nephropathies (ICNs) are caused by gene mutations determinant to the development of renal epithelial cell abnormalities, alterations that create the biological conditions necessary to cyst formation. The identification of genes mutated in these diseases and the characterization of their protein products have been allowing the elucidation of mechanisms involved in their pathogenesis. The current review focus on the genetic basis and molecular pathogenesis of such illnesses, though it also briefly addresses clinical and epidemiological aspects of the ICNs with higher medical and socioeconomical impact. Within this disease set, we will approach autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease, autosomal recessive polycystic kidney disease, nephronophthises, autosomal dominant tubule- interstitial kidney disease, von Hippel-Lindau disease, and tuberous sclerosis complex. These ICNs present overlapping of clinical manifestations and share pathways and molecular defects. Among their common features, we will focus on the central role of abnormalities affecting the primary apical cilium and intracellular signaling pathways responsible for fundamental alterations in cell phenotype. When highlighting the advances in molecular and cellular pathogenesis of ICNs, we will critically discuss the establishment, the roles and the implications of the defective cytosolic calcium homeostasis; hyperproliferative cell response to cyclic AMP; high cell proliferation and apoptosis rates; extracellular matrix alterations; cell polarity abnormalities; and transepithelial fluid secretion. The knowledge accumulated in the last two decades brought a new molecular and cellular scenario to the ICNs, creating the required platform to develop preclinical assays. Such studies, in turn, have been supporting the performance of robust clinical trials which have been opening promising therapeutic perspectives.
Evaluation of the Grazing Model between Noctiluca and the Prey Considering Carbon Cycle

It is important to predict the quantitative variation ofNoctiluca and the occurrence of the red tide. The grazing relationship betweenNoctilucaand the prey is modeled by taking account of carbon budget. It presumes that one Noctiluca has to take Heterosigma akashiwo as preys in 2400cells for increase. The model is able to predict the number of Noctiluca at the peak well. Moreover the model expresses the characteristic of Noctiluca's proliferating rapidly in rising period about water temperature in March and April, and decreasing considerably in high water temperature period in May, June and July.
FORMULA BERBAHAN AKTIF PSEUDOMONAD FLUORESEN DAN PENGARUHNYA TERHADAP PERKEMBANGAN PENYAKIT LAYU PADA CABAI

Formula with active ingridient of fluorescent pseudomonads and its influence on wilt disease development of pepper. The purpose of this study was to synergize organic fertilizer with biopesticides of fluorescent pseudomonads 122 to be the best formula to increase the resistance of pepper plants to wilt disease. The study used a completely randomized design (CRD), which consisted of four treatments. The treatments were forms of active ingredient formula of fluorescent pseudomonads (powder, pellet, granule, and liquid). The effectiveness of the formula in suppressing development of the disease was measured by observing the incubation period, index of the disease and discoloration of vascular tissue of pepper. The results showed that the disease incubation period of plant treated with liquid and powder formula was longer than formula with granule and pellet. Plants treated with powder formula showed the lowest disease index compared to control, liquid, pellet and granule formula. Disease index and discoloration in vascular tissue was also of the lowest value when the plants were treated with powder formula. This result indicate that active ingredient of fluorescent pseudomonads formulated in powder was the most effective to inhibit the development of wilt disease on pepper caused by Fusarium sp. and Ralstonia solanacearum.
Reversal of Perfusion and Diffusion Abnormalities After Intravenous Thrombolysis for a Lacunar Infarction

Perfusion and diffusion magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) have been used to guide therapy in patients with large vessel occlusions. In an analogous fashion, the authors used perfusion and diffusion MRI to demonstrate a perfusion deficit and a matching diffusion lesion in a patient with lacunar infarct. Following thrombolytic therapy, the authors observed a reversal of the perfusion deficit, the diffusion lesion, and clinical recovery. This case suggests that perfusion and diffusion MRI may be informative in patients with lacunar infarction who are candidates for thrombolysis.
Determination of the antioxidative activities of herbs harvested in Japan by oxygen radical absorbance capacity methods.

Oxygen radical absorbance capacity (ORAC) is a method for evaluating antioxidant capacities of both hydrophilic (H-ORAC) and lipophilic compounds (L-ORAC). In this study, we evaluated the antioxidant capacities of eight herbs (Italian parsley, coriander, celery white, watercress, rocket, mustard green, basil, and corn salad) by ORAC. Basil showed the highest antioxidant capacity among the herbs assessed in this study. The harvest season affected both the Hand L-ORAC values of the herbs, except for the H-ORAC value of Italian parsley. The ratios of Hto L-ORAC values of the herbs ranged from 36 _ 86%. Total polyphenol contents of herbs were positively correlated with H-ORAC values, and were also affected by harvest season. We found that isoquercitrin and rutin but not ferulic acid contributed to the seasonal change in the H-ORAC value of basil.
UNIVERSIDADE FEDERAL DO PARANÁ SETOR DE CIÊNCIAS AGRÁRIAS CURSO DE PÓS-GRADUAÇÃO EM CIÊNCIAS VETERINÁRIAS

Throughout the past years, the scientific study of the interactions between man and animal have revealed that these relationships are strong and long lasting components in the lives of many pet owners, showing that the presence of animals provides many physiological and psychological benefits. The ownership of these animals has become a national passion and the adequate management of pets is of great interest for owners and professionals. Animal nutrition is an expanding area in Veterinary Medicine and its main goal is to provide a balanced diet with highly digestible ingredients, which results in a larger nutrient supply to meet the demand of animal tissues and contributes for a prolonged health and greater longevity. The science of canine nutrition is still developing. Although many different diets with adequate nutrient levels for different breeds and life stages are being launched, there is still a lack of studies in such area. Considering the scarcity of scientific information on canine nutrition and the lack of studies on the effects of soy lecithin in dogs, this research aimed at the investigation of the influence of the addition of soy lecithin and Lecipalm® (an energetic supplement containing 53% of soy lecithin, palmiste fat and organic acids) in the diet, on hematological (erythrogram and leucogram) and biochemical (cholesterol, triglycerides, HDL, LDL, glycemi) parameters, fat digestibility and weight gain, in male and female, adult, healthy Beagles. The supplementation period with the additives lasted 60 days. The dogs were weighed on days 1 and 60. The blood collection for the biochemical and hematological assays were performed, after a fasting period, on days 1, 30 and 60. For the performance of the fast digestibility test, the animals were kept in individual metabolic cages, during the last eight days of experiment, and feces were collected, in the last five days. The data were analyzed by the statistic programs StatViewTM 5.0, Sigma StatTM 2.0 and EstatTM 2.0. The results of this project did not show any alteration, promoted by the supplementation of soy lecithin and Lecipalm®, on the analyzed parameters.
Commentary

Fitzgerald and colleagues demonstrate that ex-vivo lymphatic mapping is feasible in colon cancer and improves staging accuracy. Lymphatic mapping (LM) and sentinel node (SN) analysis was originally described by Morton et al. [1] to improve staging accuracy in melanoma and avoid lymph node dissections in node-negative patients. This concept was applied to breast cancer and more recently, to colon cancer. However, because lymph nodes are removed en bloc with a primary colon cancer, LM and SN analysis is undertaken strictly to improve staging accuracy. Accurate staging is important for several reasons. First, approximately 30% of apparently node-negative colon cancers recur, possibly due to nodal micrometastases missed by conventional staining. Second, there is a great deal of controversy concerning chemotherapy for patients with node-negative colon cancer. A meta-analysis by Mamounas et al. [2] suggested a small survival benefit, but a concurrently published meta-analysis by the IMPACT group [3] showed only a 2% survival benefit, which was clearly not statistically significant. Focused analysis of the SN may help identify patients who might benefit from chemotherapy. Third, a new TNM staging system for colon cancer will be published this year, and this will include a classification for micrometastasis and isolated tumor cells. Unless lymphatic mapping and sentinel node dissection is performed, this classification will be extremely difficult to complete. Ex-vivo mapping as reported by Fitzgerald’s group is particularly interesting because it can be accurately performed by the pathologist as well as the surgeon. There is little additional expense, and not only does it help the pathologist identify micrometastasis, but in our experience, the pathologist finds more lymph nodes, since with time, more lymph nodes will stain blue. This is particularly useful since the majority of cancer-containing lymph nodes are less than 5 mm in size and can easily be missed. The prognostic value of isolated tumor cells in lymph nodes draining colon cancer is unclear [4] and is being studied in a prospective NIH-sponsored trial (R01-CA90848-02).