Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Cardiorespiratory Improvements Achieved by American College of Sports Medicine’s Exercise Prescription Implemented on a Mobile App

Background Strong evidence shows that an increase in cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) and physical activity (PA) reduces cardiovascular disease risk. Objective To test whether a scientifically endorsed program to increase CRF and PA, implemented on an easy-to-use, always-accessible mobile app would be effective in improving CRF. Methods Of 63 healthy volunteers participating, 18 tested the user interface of the Cardio-Fitness App (CF-App); and 45 underwent a 2-week intervention period, of whom 33 eventually concluded it. These were assigned into three groups. The Step-based App (Step-App) group (n=8), followed 10,000 steps/day prescription, the CF-App group (n=13), and the Supervised Cardio-Fitness (Super-CF) group (n=12), both followed a heart rate (HR)-based program according to American College of Sports Medicine (ACSM) guidelines, but either implemented on the app, or at the gym, respectively. Participants were tested for CRF, PA, resting systolic and diastolic blood pressures (SBP, DBP), resting, exercise, and recovery HR. Results CRF increased in all groups (+4.9%; P<.001). SBP decreased in all groups (-2.6 mm Hg; P=.03). DBP decrease was higher in the Super-CF group (-3.5 mm Hg) than in the Step-App group (-2.1 mm Hg; P<.001). Posttest exercise HR decreased in all groups (-3.4 bpm; P=.02). Posttest recovery HR was lower in the Super-CF group (-10.1 bpm) than in the other two groups (CF-App: -4.9 bpm, Step-App: -3.3 bpm; P<.001). The CF-App group, however, achieved these improvements with more training heart beats (P<.01). Conclusions A 10,000 steps/day target-based app improved CRF similar to an ACSM guideline-based program whether it was implemented on a mobile app or in supervised gym sessions.
p53 Mutations versus EGF Receptor Expression in Giant Cell Glioblastomas

Recent studies have shown that there are distinct genetic pathways leading to the most malignant astrocytic neoplasm, the glioblastoma. Primary (de novo) glioblastomas are characterized by amplification/overexpression of the EGF receptor (EGFR) and, less frequently, of the MDM2 gene. Another pathway, operative in the progression of low-grade or anaplastic astrocytomas to secondary glioblastomas, is characterized by the frequent occurrence of p53 mutations. In this study, we assessed p53 mutations and EGFR expression in the giant cell glioblastoma. This rare variant is characterized by unusually large, multinucleated giant cells, but tends to be more confined and has been reported to carry a somewhat more favorable prognosis. We analyzed biopsies from 16 patients (mean age at clinical manifestation, 40 years). DNA sequencing revealed that 12 of 16 (75%) giant cell glioblastomas contained a p53 mutation. In 7 patients with two or more surgical interventions, the p53 mutation was already detected in the first biopsy. Focal EGFR overexpression, including multinucleated giant cells, was observed immunohistochemically in 9 of 16 (56%) tumors. However, most tumor areas lacked immunoreac-tivity, indicating that EGFR overexpression does not play a significant role in the evolution of this glioblastoma variant. These results suggest that giant cell glioblastomas develop de novo with a short preoperative history (mean, 47 ± 40 days), but contain genetic alterations similar to those observed in secondary glioblastomas.
Magnetization transfer in human Achilles tendon assessed by a 3D ultrashort echo time sequence: quantitative examinations in healthy volunteers at 3T.

PURPOSE Magnetization transfer contrast (MTC) imaging provides insight into interactions between free and bounded water. Newly developed ultrashort echo time (UTE) sequences implemented on whole-body magnetic resonance (MR) scanners allow MTC imaging in tissues with extremely fast signal decay such as tendons. The aim of this study was to develop a technique for the quantification of the MT effect in healthy Achilles tendons in-vivo at 3 Tesla. MATERIALS AND METHODS 16 normal tendons of volunteers with no history of tendinopathy were examined using a 3D-UTE sequence with a rectangular on-resonant excitation pulse and a Fermi-shaped off-resonant MT preparation pulse. The frequency of the MT pulse was varied from 1 to 5 kHz. MT effects were calculated in terms of the MT ratio (MTR) between measurements without and with MT preparation. Direct saturation effects of MT preparation on the signal intensity were evaluated using numerical simulation of Bloch equations. One patient with tendinopathy was examined to exemplarily show changes of MTR under pathologic conditions. RESULTS Calculation of MTR data was feasible in all examined tendons and showed a decrease from 0.53 ± 0.05 to 0.25 ± 0.03 (1 kHz to 5 kHz) for healthy volunteers. Evaluation of variation with gender and dominance of ankle revealed no significant differences (p > 0.05). In contrast, the patient with confirmed tendinopathy showed MTR values between 0.36 (1 kHz) and 0.19 (5 kHz). CONCLUSION MT effects in human Achilles tendons can be reliably assessed in-vivo using a 3D UTE sequence at 3 T. All healthy tendons showed similar MTR values (coefficient of variation 10.0 ± 1.2 %). The examined patient showed a clearly different MT effect revealing a changed microstructure in the case of tendinopathy.
The Genetic Basis of Migraine: How Much Do We Know?

Migraine with and without aura is thought to be genetically complex with aggregation in families due to a combination of environmental and genetic tendencies. Twin studies are most important in establishing the multifactorial nature of migraine with heritability approaching 50%. Familial hemiplegic migraine (FHM) on the other hand is an autosomal dominant, highly penetrant, though rare form of migraine with strong genetic tendency. Fifty percent of families with FHM are linked to chromosome 19p13 and mutations demonstrated for some in a brain expressed calcium channel alpha 1A subunit, CACNL1A4. Other FHM loci have been identified on chromosome 1q and further genetic heterogeneity is likely. The exact role of the mutated calcium channel in the pathway leading to hemiplegic migraine is yet to be established. Changes in the electrophysiologic properties of the mutated forms of the CACNL1A4 calcium channel expressed in heterologous systems help establish the functional significance of the mutations and suggest that chromosome 19p-linked FHM, an episodic disorder, represents a CNS channelopathy. Additional candidate genes causative for migraine might include other calcium channel subunits and related proteins important for neuronal membrane stability. Delineating the cascade of biochemical events leading to hemiplegic migraine will serve as a model for understanding the pathophysiology of more common forms of migraine. The evidence suggesting that some families of migraine with and without aura might also be related to the chromosome 19p locus, chromosome Xq28 locus, or DRD2 receptor polymorphisms is reviewed.
Una propuesta para la profesionalización de la gestión del conocimiento en Colombia.

Este articulo tiene como objetivo presentar al pais un programa de posgrado que contribuya a la profesionalizacion de la gestion del conocimiento (KM, por su sigla en ingles) en Colombia. Este programa se constituye en uno de los retos que la Facultad de Ingenieria de Sistemas de la Universidad Catolica de Colombia se ha trazado para estar a la vanguardia de las oportunidades y desafios que propone un mundo globalizado, cuya economia esta integrada por empresas y trabajadores que producen, intercambian, almacenan y consumen conocimientos. Luego de una breve introduccion, en la segunda parte se exponen los motivos que dan sentido a la formulacion y puesta en marcha de este programa. En la tercera parte se presentan los elementos conceptuales que componen el programa y como estos se relacionan entre si para conformar lo que se ha denominado la triada conceptual. Esta triada permite identifi car el que, el como y el para que de la especializacion. En el cuarto apartado se destaca la necesidad de establecer un perfi l del gestor de conocimiento o Chief Knowledge Offi cer (CKO) y se hace una propuesta general de sus caracteristicas, funciones, objetivos y tareas concretas que debe desarrollar. Finalmente, se insiste en que no es sufi ciente contar con el rol de CKO en la empresa, sino que tambien es necesario tener un sistema de incentivos que motiven a las personas a participar en el desarrollo de iniciativas asociadas con la gestion del conocimiento.
Chromosomal mapping in Erwinia carotovora subsp. carotovora with the IncP plasmid R68::Mu

Conjugational gene transfer was established in Erwinia carotovora subsp. carotovora SCRI193 by using plasmid R68::Mu c+ to mobilize the chromosome into multiply mutant recipients. It was observed that although the plasmid alone mobilized markers randomly at a frequency of ca. 10(-5) chromosomal recombinants per donor, the presence of a Mu prophage on the chromosome of the donor increased the frequency of mobilization of markers adjacent to the prophage by up to 10-fold. Using this system it was possible to order 17 chromosomal mutations. The behavior of Mu in E. carotovora subsp. carotovora was also studied.
Effectiveness of a Therapeutic Summer Camp for Children With ADHD

Objective: The objective of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of a 2-week therapeutic summer day camp for children with ADHD, which included a social skills training program and parent psychoeducation and training program. This was an open-label, nonrandomized Phase I Clinical Intervention Trial. Method: Parents completed the Weiss Functional Impairment Rating Scale (WFIRS) and the Conners’ Global Index–Parent Version (CGI-P), and children completed the Index of Peer Relations (IPR). All questionnaires were completed prior to the camp and 3 weeks after starting school. A total of 33 children who attended the camp were compared with a group of 15 children with ADHD who did not attend camp. Results: CGI-P, IPR, and WFIRS significantly improved in the group that attended the camp but not in the control group. Effect sizes were between 0.7 and 1.6. Conclusion: The therapeutic summer day camp is effective in improving ADHD symptoms, peer relationships, and overall functioning of children.
Simvastatin Enhances the Regeneration of Endothelial Cells via VEGF Secretion in Injured Arteries

The search for a novel therapy for endothelial regenerating is an area of intensive investigation. Recent experimental and clinical evidence strongly suggests that 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA (HMG-CoA) reductase inhibitors (statins) have several physiological effects independent of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol reduction. We here report that the carotid arterial blood flow after endothelial injury in hamsters treated with simvastatin was restored, in contrast to the situation in nontreated hamsters. Histologic observations showed a prompt recovery of endothelial cells with a much higher DNA synthesis index in repaired endothelium of hamsters treated with simvastatin. The amount of secreted vascular endothelial cell growth factor (VEGF) by cultured vascular smooth muscle cells from hamsters treated with simvastatin was significantly increased. Mevalonate reduced the amount of VEGF secretion by simvastatin in vitro. Finally, an injection of either an anti-VEGF antibody or an anti-VEGF receptor-1 (Flt-1) antibody, but not anti-VEGF receptor-2 (Flk-1), reduced the prompt endothelial healing. Simvastatin regulates endothelial regenerating by an over-release of VEGF and by this may result in prompt endothelial healing after vascular injury. Our results provide new insights into the role of statin and VEGF in the pathogenesis of vascular diseases.
Plexin B Regulates Rho through the Guanine Nucleotide Exchange Factors Leukemia-associated Rho GEF (LARG) and PDZ-RhoGEF*

Plexins represent a novel family of transmembrane receptors that transduce attractive and repulsive signals mediated by the axon-guiding molecules semaphorins. Emerging evidence implicates Rho GTPases in these biological events. However, Plexins lack any known catalytic activity in their conserved cytoplasmic tails, and how they transduce signals from semaphorins to Rho is still unknown. Here we show that Plexin B2 associates directly with two members of a recently identified family of Dbl homology/pleckstrin homology containing guanine nucleotide exchange factors for Rho, PDZ-RhoGEF, and Leukemia-associated Rho GEF (LARG). This physical interaction is mediated by their PDZ domains and a PDZ-binding motif found only in Plexins of the B family. In addition, we show that ligand-induced dimerization of Plexin B is sufficient to stimulate endogenous RhoA potently and to induce the reorganization of the cytoskeleton. Moreover, overexpression of the PDZ domain of PDZ-RhoGEF but not its regulator of G protein signaling domain prevents cell rounding and neurite retraction of differentiated PC12 cells induced by activation of endogenous Plexin B1 by semaphorin 4D. The association of Plexins with LARG and PDZ-RhoGEF thus provides a direct molecular mechanism by which semaphorins acting on Plexin B can control Rho, thereby regulating the actin-cytoskeleton during axonal guidance and cell migration.
Cervical trauma as a factor in the development of TMJ dysfunction and facial pain.

AbstractThis essay was written for the purpose of providing insurance companies with an explanation concerning the mechanism by which trauma to the cervical area may result in the development of a temporomandibular joint dysfunction problem. The author has successfully utilized this explanation for a number of years, and presents it when additional information is requested by insurance companies regarding difficult TMJ cases. Many times the patient's chronic “idiopathic” headache and facial pain have been misdiagnosed or undiagnosed for long periods, which affects the possibility of the treated patient's recovering fully. An early diagnosis with proper definitive care will help prevent the sequential effects of cervical trauma on the TMJ and will lead to the alleviation of unnecessary pain.
Surface Area of the Human Vagina as Measured from Vinyl Polysiloxane Casts

Sixty-two vinyl polysiloxane casts from subjects in the lying, supine position were measured for surface area with five shapes: conical, parallel sides, heart, slug, and pumpkin seed being included. The surface areas ranged from 65.73 to 107.07 cm2 with a mean of 87.46 cm2 and a standard deviation of 7.80 cm2. There were no significant differences in surface area among the shape groups. And no correlations with surface area were found by parity or by rod length, introital diameter, posterior length of casts as measured with string, or greatest width and greatest depth of casts. 70% of the casts had a surface area of 84.50 cm2 or above, and 90% had a surface area of 77.72 cm2 or above. Variation within the interquartile range (75th to 25th percentile) was ±5.2% of the median.
Neural correlates of preattentive and attentive processing of visual changes

To identify electrophysiological correlates of preattentive and attentive processing of visual changes, we compared event-related brain potentials in response to color changes at attended and unattended spatial locations using a visual S1–S2 matching task. The results showed that compared to no change, change stimuli elicited occipito-temporal positivity at around 100–160 ms (change-related positivity) and subsequent central negativity at around 220–300 ms (N270). Change-related positivity was observed in response to changes at both attended and unattended locations, while N270 was observed only when attention was directed to the location of the changes. These results suggest that change-related positivity reflects the preattentive processing of visual changes and N270 reflects the attentive processing of visual changes in the human brain.
The Neural Basis of Inhibitory Effects of Semantic and Phonological Neighbors in Spoken Word Production

Theories of word production and word recognition generally agree that multiple word candidates are activated during processing. The facilitative and inhibitory effects of these “lexical neighbors” have been studied extensively using behavioral methods and have spurred theoretical development in psycholinguistics, but relatively little is known about the neural basis of these effects and how lesions may affect them. This study used voxel-wise lesion overlap subtraction to examine semantic and phonological neighbor effects in spoken word production following left hemisphere stroke. Increased inhibitory effects of near semantic neighbors were associated with inferior frontal lobe lesions, suggesting impaired selection among strongly activated semantically related candidates. Increased inhibitory effects of phonological neighbors were associated with posterior superior temporal and inferior parietal lobe lesions. In combination with previous studies, these results suggest that such lesions cause phonological-to-lexical feedback to more strongly activate phonologically related lexical candidates. The comparison of semantic and phonological neighbor effects and how they are affected by left hemisphere lesions provides new insights into the cognitive dynamics and neural basis of phonological, semantic, and cognitive control processes in spoken word production.
EXPANDING LABOUR’S HORIZONS: UNION ORGANIZING AND STRATEGIC CHANGE IN CANADA

How can unions arrest membership decline in an increasingly chilly climate? Unions across Canada have arrived at a common answer to this question; unions need to organize the unorganized, in particular reaching out to women, youth and people of colour. After a brief discussion of who is being organized by unions, this article turns to a discussion of innovations in union organizing strategies, including the virtue of rank and file activists and the B.C. Organizing Institute. The next challenge for unions is to keep newly organized workers as members. This depends on adequate representation of these members’ interests and opportunities for their participation in union affairs. The paper critically evaluates union efforts at reform of internal structures and collective bargaining practices. While organizing alone cannot secure the future of unions, it is a critical part of the process of the renewal of labour power. Comment les syndicats peuvent-ils freiner la diminution de leurs membres dans un climat qui leur est de plus en plus defavorable? Les syndicats du Canada entier ont trouve une reponse commune a cette question : les syndicats doivent syndicaliser les personnes qui ne sont pas syndiquees, s’adressant particulierement aux femmes, aux jeunes et aux personnes de couleur. Apres avoir traite brievement des personnes que recrutent actuellement les syndicats, cet article passe a un examen des strategies innovatrices de recrutement syndical, y compris l’implication des militantes et militants de la base et l’institut du recrutement de la C-B. Le defi suivant que les syndicats doivent relever consiste a garder les membres nouvellement recrutes. Leur capacite d’y arriver depend de l’adequation de leur defense des interets de ces membres et des occasions qu’ils leur donnent de participer aux affaires syndicales. L’article comprend un examen critique des efforts faits par les syndicats pour reformer leurs structures internes et leurs pratiques de negociation collective. Le recrutement ne suffit pas a assurer l’avenir de syndicats, mais il est un element critique du processus de renouvellement de leur pouvoir.
11845 - Aspectos etnoecológicos relacionados às roças de mandioca no Amazonas

A pratica de cultivos agricolas tradicionais voltados para a producao de alimentos contribui para a conservacao da agrobiodiversidade na Amazonia brasileira, ja que os agroecossistemas locais tendem a ser mais diversificados do que os cultivos convencionais e sao compostos de especies e variedades de consideravel importância para o homem. Estudou-se a dinâmica produtiva da mandioca (Manihot esculenta Crantz) em duas comunidades rurais do Amazonas. Os dados foram obtidos atraves de entrevistas, observacao participante, transectos e relatos de historia oral. Partindo do pressuposto que comunidades de varzea e terra firme apresentam diferentes formas de manejar os recursos existentes no local, os resultados evidenciaram que o cultivo de mandioca tambem apresentou divergencias consideraveis quanto a origem do material genetico, finalidade do cultivo, praticas culturais, tempo de maturacao das raizes, numero e usos das variedades cultivadas, tecnicas de producao de farinha e destino da producao. As variaveis que compoem este complexo sistema de producao podem ser dependentes de fatores diversos, dentre os quais culturais, ecologicos, socioeconomicos.
Salmonella enterica Serovar Gallinarum Requires ppGpp for Internalization and Survival in Animal Cells

ABSTRACT To elucidate the pathogenic mechanism of Salmonella enterica serovar Gallinarum, we examined the expression of the genes encoded primarily in Salmonella pathogenicity island 1 (SPI-1) and SPI-2. These genes were found to be induced as cultures entered stationary phase under high- and low-oxygen growth conditions, as also observed for Salmonella serovar Typhimurium. In contrast, Salmonella serovar Gallinarum in the exponential growth phase most efficiently internalized cultured animal cells. Analysis of mutants defective in SPI-1 genes, SPI-2 genes, and others implicated in early stages of infection revealed that SPI-1 genes were not involved in the internalization of animal cells by Salmonella serovar Gallinarum. Following entry, however, Salmonella serovar Gallinarum was found to reside in LAMP1-positive vacuoles in both phagocytic and nonphagocytic cells, although internalization was independent of SPI-1. A mutation that conferred defects in ppGpp synthesis was the only one found to affect animal cell internalization by Salmonella serovar Gallinarum. It was concluded that Salmonella serovar Gallinarum internalizes animal cells by a mechanism independent of SPI-1 genes but dependent on ppGpp. Intracellular growth also required ppGpp for the transcription of genes encoded in SPI-2.
Les journalistes comme scientifiques

Ces notes tentent de definir la profession journalistique au moyen d’une comparaison avec les professions liberales et les professions scientifiques. Comme les professions liberales, les journalistes ont le sens du service public et s’occupent des desordres vecus par les individus. Cependant, ils n’ont pas de contacts directs avec leurs clients et ne proposent ni diagnostic ni traitement. La comparaison avec les scientifiques (en particulier les sciences appliquees) parait plus pertinente. Les journalistes ont une theorie intuitive du monde social (une theorie volontariste de l’action, avec des « grands hommes » et des evenements decisifs), ils connaissent la dynamique des evenements et parviennent a anticiper sur l’inattendu. Cependant, bien qu’ils produisent une forme de verite socialement construite, ils manquent de methodes scientifiques, elements que les ecoles formant a la communication pourraient mieux leur transmettre.
Online Trust: The Influence of Perceived Company's Reputation on Consumers' Trust and the Effects of Trust on Intention for Online Transactions

Trust is a basic ingredient in the creation, the evolvement and the conservation of a long-term relationship between suppliers and buyers. It is also a key differentiator in defining the success or failure of many e-business companies, in order to endorse the importance of online trust. In this paper we present a study on online trust in the B2C context. More specifically, we focus on the issues of perceived company’s reputation, online trust and intention for online transactions. The aim of this study is to examine if there is a positive relationship between perceived company’s reputation and on- line trust, and between online trust and consumer’s intention for online transactions.