Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Second-Generation Recombination-Based In Vivo Expression Technology for Large-Scale Screening for Vibrio cholerae Genes Induced during Infection of the Mouse Small Intestine

ABSTRACT We have constructed an improved recombination-based in vivo expression technology (RIVET) and used it as a screening method to identify Vibrio cholerae genes that are transcriptionally induced during infection of infant mice. The improvements include the introduction of modified substrate cassettes for resolvase that can be positively and negatively selected for, allowing selection of resolved strains from intestinal homogenates, and three different tnpR alleles that cover a range of translation initiation efficiencies, allowing identification of infection-induced genes that have low-to-moderate basal levels of transcription during growth in vitro. A transcriptional fusion library of 8,734 isolates of a V. cholerae El Tor strain that remain unresolved when the vibrios are grown in vitro was passed through infant mice, and 40 infection-induced genes were identified. Nine of these genes were inactivated by in-frame deletions, and their roles in growth in vitro and fitness during infection were measured by competition assays. Four mutant strains were attenuated >10-fold in vivo compared with the parental strain, demonstrating that infection-induced genes are enriched in genes essential for virulence.
The New APA Definition of Hypnosis: Spontaneous Hypnosis MIA

The new American Psychological Association definition of hypnosis (Elkins, Barabasz, Council, & Spiegel, 2015), complete with definitions of the hypnotic induction, hypnotizability, and hypnotherapy, is a welcome and refreshing departure from the previous definition (Green, Barabasz, Barrett, & Montgomery, 2005). At last, we have a definition that is parsimonious, coherent, and allows for alternative theories. Adding the definition of hypnotizability highlights that a primary feature of hypnotic phenomena concerns how reliably hypnotic ability can be measured. The measurement of hypnotizability precedes the measurement of intelligence (Bowers, 1988; Geiger, Peter, Prade, & Piesbergen, 2014; Költő, Gősi-Greguss, Varga, & Bányai, 2014; Mohl, 2013). Hypnotizability is the preferred term both nationally (Christensen, 2005) and internationally (Munson, Trenkle, & Gallawa, in press). Also important is the new definition’s recognition that hypnosis is a state of consciousness, at long last acknowledging decades of research from nearly a dozen labs worldwide, published in the top journals in psychology, psychiatry, and hypnosis specialty (Facco et al., 2014; Kallio & Koivisto, 2013; Rominger, Weiss, Nagl, Niederstätter, Parson, & Papousek, 2014). As Spiegel (2005) points out, since “we use our brains to do everything (most of us do, anyway),” there will be neural correlates of much human activity including hypnosis (p. 31). Notably, the new definition does not preclude in any way the need to study how much variance in hypnotic experience might be influenced by social-psychological factors. Unfortunately, the new definition, like those preceding it, fails to specifically recognize the occurrence of spontaneous hypnosis (Barabasz, 2005/2006). As Spiegel and Spiegel (2004, pp. 3–6) explain, alterations in human awareness occur all of the time. Almost everyone commonly daydreams, where there is vivid imagery to the point of becoming unaware of surrounding stimuli. Intense concentration in work or play maximizes focal awareness, and many individuals have had the experience of listening to a lecture, watching a play, or a movie to discover afterward they had been so absorbed and focused that they required time to reorient back to the real-world setting. Barabasz
Evolutionary role mining in complex networks by ensemble clustering

The structural patterns in the neighborhood of nodes assign unique roles to the nodes. Mining the set of existing roles in a network provides a descriptive profile of the network and draws its general picture. This paper proposes a new method to determine structural roles in a dynamic network based on the current position of nodes and their historic behavior. We develop a temporal ensemble clustering technique to dynamically find groups of nodes, holding similar tempo-structural roles. We compare two weighting functions, based on age and distribution of data, to incorporate temporal behavior of nodes in the role discovery. To evaluate the performance of the proposed method, we assess the results from two points of view: 1) goodness of fit to current structure of the network; 2) consistency with historic data. We conduct the evaluation using different ensemble clustering techniques. The results on real world networks demonstrate that our method can detect tempo-structural roles that simultaneously depict the topology of a network and reflect its dynamics with high accuracy.
Activity of phorbol ester tumor promoters on enucleated Swiss 3T3 cells.

The site of action of the phorbol esters, potent tumor promoters, is not known. To evaluate the possible role of the nucleus in the specific interaction of phorbol esters with cells, the activity of phorbol-12-myristate-13-acetate was determined on intact and enucleated Swiss 3T3 mouse cells. The parameter which was used as a measure of cellular response was the morphological change of transient cell rounding and process formation which was induced in these cells within 2 hr by biologically active phorbol esters. We found no effect of the cell nucleus on the responsiveness of the cells to phorbol-12-myristate-13-acetate. Likewise, the responsiveness of the cells to phorbol-12,13-dibenzoate, phorbol-12,13-diacetate, and phorbol-13-acetate was nuclear independent. These three derivatives were examined because they have comparable efficacies to phorbol-12-myristate-13-acetate (i.e., similar maximal effects) in a variety of in vitro systems but vary greatly (10,000-fold) in potency. We conclude that the phorbol ester receptor coupled to the morphological response (and presumably those other cellular responses which share the same structure-activity requirements) is nonnuclear.
Recommending Ads from Trustworthy Relationships in Pervasive Environments

The use of pervasive computing technologies for advertising purposes is an interesting emergent field for large, medium, and small companies. Although recommender systems have been a traditional solution to decrease users’ cognitive effort to find good and personalized items, the classic collaborative filtering needs to include contextual information to be more effective. The inclusion of users’ social context information in the recommendation algorithm, specifically trust in other users, may be a mechanism for obtaining ads’ influence from other users in their closest social circle. However, there is no consensus about the variables to use during the trust inference process, and its integration into a classic collaborative filtering recommender system deserves a deeper research. On the other hand, the pervasive advertising domain demands a recommender system evaluation from a novelty/precision perspective. The improvement of the precision/novelty balance is not only a matter related to the recommendation algorithm itself but also a better recommendations’ display strategy. In this paper, we propose a novel approach for a collaborative filtering recommender system based on trust, which was tested throughout a digital signage prototype using a multiscreen scheme for recommendations delivery to evaluate our proposal using a novelty/precision approach.
A Demographic Survey of GSM Subscribers' Opinion on Quality of Service: A Study of Three Towns in Edo State, Nigeria

This paper evaluated subscribers’ opinion on the Quality of Service (QoS) of GSM in Edo State, Nigeria. Four major GSM operators were used for the analysis. Data were generated through questionnaire administration. Information from respondents was analysed using descriptive analysis. The results of the analysis showed that the GSM respondents were not satisfied with the QoS provided by the network operators. The implication of this is that lack of attention to the improvement of QoS by GSM service providers would significantly decrease service use by subscribers in the chosen demographic region. The paper hence, aimed at identifying QoS problems in the selected region and proffering solutions to identified problems.
MEMS tuning mechanism for eliminating mode hopping problem in external-cavity lasers

This paper presents a tuning mechanism to provide an adjustable virtual pivot for MEMS tunable lasers, which eliminates the mode hopping problem associated with conventional Littrow lasers. The key idea is to attach the two ends of the blazed grating to two separate translational actuators. The relative displacements of the actuators can be used to translate and/or rotate the blazed grating in a controllable manner. As a result, the wavelength can be continuously tuned ideally over an unlimited range through a simultaneous sweep of the grating angle and cavity length. In the experiments, a MEMS Littrow laser is fabricated by the DRIE process on the SOI wafer and is integrated onto a single chip with the size of 3 mm times 3 mm. It achieves a wide tuning range of 53.2 nm thanks to the introduction of the new tuning mechanism and a 3D optical coupling system.
PREVALENCE OF HANTAVIRUS INFECTION IN WILD RODENTS FROM FIVE PROVINCES IN KOREA, 2007

Hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS) is an infectious disease caused by hantaviruses of the family Bunyaviridae. Among them, Hantaan virus (HTNV) is most widely distributed in Korea. The striped field mouse, Apodemus agrarius, is the natural host of HTNV in rural Korea. We trapped 766 small mammals of three species (1 Eothenomys regulus, 13 Crocidura suaveolens, and 752 Apodemus agrarius) in five provinces in Korea from January to December 2007. We tested 542 rodent sera for HTNV antibodies by an indirect immunofluorescent assay (IFA), finding antibody prevalences of 4 to 29% among the five provinces. Peaks in monthly antibody prevalence occurred in spring and fall. Antibody prevalence during the second peak coincided increased HFRS incidence in autumn. We used multiplex reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) to detect the partial S segment of Hantaan, Seoul, and Puumala viruses in 766 lung samples of all captured animals and found HTNV RNA in 25 A. agrarius. Two isolates of HTNV were obtained from PCR-positive A. agrarius by cultivation in Vero E6 cells. This first systemic survey of monthly antibody prevalence in hantavirus hosts in wide regions in Korea could provide useful information for other researchers studying environmental and ecological factors affecting HFRS.
Characterization of ultrasound elevation beamwidth artifacts for prostate brachytherapy needle insertion.

PURPOSE Ultrasound elevation beamwidth leads to image artifacts and uncertainties in localizing objects (such as a surgical needle) in ultrasound images. The authors examined the clinical significance of errors caused by elevation beamwidth artifacts and imaging parameters in needle insertion procedures. METHODS Beveled prostate brachytherapy needles were inserted through all holes of a grid template under real-time transrectal ultrasound (TRUS) guidance. The needle tip position as indicated by the TRUS image was compared to their observed physical location. A new device was developed to measure the ultrasound elevation beamwidth. RESULTS Imaging parameters of the TRUS scanner have direct impact on the localization error ranging from 0.5 up to 4 mm. The smallest localization error was observed laterally close to the center of the grid template and axially within the beam's focal zone. Largest localization error occurs laterally around both sides of the grid template and axially within the beam's far field. The authors also found that the localization errors vary with both lateral and elevation offsets. CONCLUSIONS The authors found properly adjusting the TRUS imaging settings to lower the ultrasound gain and power effectively minimized the appearance of elevation beamwidth artifacts and in turn reduced the localization errors of the needle tip.
The pulmonary hypertension academic research consortium

The search for effective treatments for pulmonary hypertension (PH) has been frustrating. The very first drug for idiopathic pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH), epoprostenol, was approved in 1995. [1] And while progress has been made, a look at where we were, where we are, and where we need to be suggests we are far from accomplishing our goals. [2] We have identified three classes of drugs that improve symptoms, but we still do not have drugs that modify the disease process or protect patients from developing progressive pulmonary vascular disease. [3] Perhaps this is because the developed drugs were studied due to their vasodilator properties, while scientific research has now demonstrated that cellular proliferation, inflammation, and thrombosis are the dominant underlying pathobiologic processes, with chronic pulmonary vasoconstriction playing a relatively minor role. [4]
Machine vision methods for analyzing social interactions

ABSTRACT Recent developments in machine vision methods for automatic, quantitative analysis of social behavior have immensely improved both the scale and level of resolution with which we can dissect interactions between members of the same species. In this paper, we review these methods, with a particular focus on how biologists can apply them to their own work. We discuss several components of machine vision-based analyses: methods to record high-quality video for automated analyses, video-based tracking algorithms for estimating the positions of interacting animals, and machine learning methods for recognizing patterns of interactions. These methods are extremely general in their applicability, and we review a subset of successful applications of them to biological questions in several model systems with very different types of social behaviors. Summary: We review recent developments in machine vision for automatic, quantitative analysis of social behavior that have changed the scale and resolution with which we can dissect interactions between animals.
Human-Robot Interaction Based on Passive Robotics

In this paper, we introduce a concept of passive robotics for realizing a physical interaction between a human and a robot safely, and also present two types of the intelligent mobile robot with servo brakes which are developed based on the passive robotics. One is the passive-type intelligent walker referred to as RT Walker for assisting the walking of elderly people, handicapped people, and blind people. The other is the passive-type object transportation system referred to as PRP, which realizes the assistances of the transportation of a large and a long object. Both systems consist of wheels with servo brakes, controller, and rechargeable battery. By controlling the servo brakes appropriately, many kinds of function for assisting the humans could be realized without using the active actuators such as servo motors
Impact of Back-Gate Bias and Device Geometry on the Total Ionizing Dose Response of 1-Transistor Floating Body RAMs

In this paper we investigate how geometry impacts the memory characteristics of 1-transistor dynamic floating body RAMs (FBRAMs) under total ionizing dose exposure. FBRAMs are implemented using fully depleted silicon-on-insulator devices with ultrathin buried oxide and body. Analytical models and experimental data are used to quantify the effects of charge trapping in the oxides and spacers on the memory read window shifts. The effects of increased radiation-induced leakage and interface trapping on the retention time are also discussed. Small geometry devices show reduced memory window shifts compared to large devices, but the retention time degradation is higher. The effects of coupling between interfaces and back-gate bias are also discussed in the context of memory characteristics.
Congenital anomalies in the children of cancer survivors: a report from the childhood cancer survivor study.

PURPOSE Children with cancer receive mutagenic treatments, which raises concern about the potential transmissibility of germline damage to their offspring. This question has been inadequately studied to date because of a lack of detailed individual treatment exposure assessment such as gonadal radiation doses. METHODS Within the Childhood Cancer Survivor Study, we performed a retrospective cohort analysis of validated cases of congenital anomalies among 4,699 children of 1,128 male and 1,627 female childhood cancer survivors. We quantified chemotherapy with alkylating agents and radiotherapy doses to the testes and ovaries and related these exposures to risk of congenital anomalies using logistic regression. RESULTS One hundred twenty-nine children had at least one anomaly (prevalence = 2.7%). For children whose mothers were exposed to radiation or alkylating agents versus neither, the prevalence of anomalies was 3.0% versus 3.5% (P = .51); corresponding figures were 1.9% versus 1.7% (P = .79) for the children of male survivors. Neither ovarian radiation dose (mean, 1.19 Gy; odds ratio [OR] = 0.59; 95% CI, 0.20 to 1.75 for 2.50+ Gy) nor testicular radiation dose (mean, 0.48 Gy; OR = 1.01; 95% CI, 0.36 to 2.83 for 0.50+ Gy) was related to risk of congenital anomalies. Treatment with alkylating agents also was not significantly associated with anomalies in the children of male or female survivors. CONCLUSION Our findings offer strong evidence that the children of cancer survivors are not at significantly increased risk for congenital anomalies stemming from their parent's exposure to mutagenic cancer treatments. This information is important for counseling cancer survivors planning to have children.
The family cancer experience

Family-centered care is a common goal of oncological nursing. However, the dearth of family-focused research upon which to anchor such care is widely acknowledged. Much of our understanding of the family cancer experience is predicated upon professionally derived constructs such as crisis or adaptation theory. The everyday life of the cancer family from the perspective of those involved is a relatively untapped information resource. In this preliminary study, the researcher employed phenomenological theory and qualitative methods to generate accounts reflective of the perspective of families living with cancer in their midst. Eight families participated in repeated intensive interviews. Field notes and verbatim transcripts of these interviews were analyzed and interpreted. It was found that these families focused on the normalcy in their everyday lives despite major changes associated with having cancer. They explained their capacity to retain normalcy as a product of strategic choices which had enabled them to manage medical care, create support networks, structure day-to-day routines, and generate hope. Families argued the success of dramatically discrepant strategies toward accomplishing similar results. The salient factor appeared not to be the choice itself, but the extent to which it conformed to the family's self-definition and characteristic attitude toward significant life events. These preliminary findings serve to challenge some of our existing assumptions about effective and ineffective coping when families are confronted with a cancer experience.
Optimized CML circuits for 10-Gb/s backplane transmission with 120-nm CMOS technology

In this paper, we discuss an optimized current-mode logic (CML) circuit design technique for high-speed backplane transmission. The inductorless CML circuits are extensively used in high-speed digital circuits. With a given CMOS technology, the CML circuits can be optimally biased for higher speed operation with the considerations of speed, swing, power, load capacitance and area. Typical high-speed CML buffer and latch for 10-Gb/s transmission are designed with the optimized biasing technique with lower power consumption, and compact area (buffer: 10.2 times 14.4 mum2, latch: 30.4 times 32.8 mum2).
PDZ7 of Glutamate Receptor Interacting Protein Binds to Its Target via a Novel Hydrophobic Surface Area*

Glutamate receptor interacting protein 1 (GRIP1) is a scaffold protein composed of seven PDZ (Postsynaptic synaptic density-95/Discs large/Zona occludens-1) domains. The protein plays important roles in the synaptic targeting of α-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid (AMPA) receptors. The interaction between GRIP1 PDZ7 and a Ras guanine nucleotide exchange factor, GRASP-1, regulates synaptic distribution of AMPA receptors. Here, we describe the three-dimensional structure of GRIP1 PDZ7 determined by NMR spectroscopy. GRIP1 PDZ7 contains a closed carboxyl group-binding pocket and a narrow αB/βB-groove that is not likely to bind to classical PDZ ligands. Unexpectedly, GRIP1 PDZ7 contains a large solvent-exposed hydrophobic surface at a site distinct from the conventional ligand-binding αB/βB-groove. NMR titration experiments show that GRIP1 PDZ7 binds to GRASP-1 via this hydrophobic surface. Our data uncover a novel PDZ domain-mediated protein interaction mode that may be responsible for multimerization of other PDZ domain-containing scaffold proteins.
Firing behavior of brain stem neurons during voluntary cancellation of the horizontal vestibuloocular reflex. II. Eye movement related neurons.

1. The single-unit activity of neurons in the vestibular nucleus, the prepositus nucleus, and the abducens nucleus, whose activity was primarily related to horizontal eye movements, was recorded in alert squirrel monkeys that were trained to track a small visual target by generating smooth pursuit eye movements and to cancel their horizontal vestibuloocular reflex (VOR) by fixating a head stationary target. 2. The spiking behavior of each cell was recorded during 1) spontaneous eye movements, 2) horizontal smooth pursuit of a target that was moved sinusoidally +/- 20 degrees/s at 0.5 Hz, 3) horizontal VOR evoked by 0.5-Hz sinusoidal turntable rotations +/- 40 degrees/s (VORs), and 4) voluntary cancellation of the VOR by fixation of a head-stationary target during 0.5-Hz sinusoidal turntable rotation at +/- 40 degrees/s (VORCs). The responses of most (28/42) of the units were recorded during unpredictable 100-ms steps in head acceleration (400 degrees/s2) that were generated while the monkey was fixating a target light. The acceleration steps were generated either when the monkey was stationary or when the turntable was already rotating (VORt trials), and the monkey was canceling its VOR (VORCt trials). 3. The firing behavior of all 12 of the abducens neurons recorded was closely related to horizontal eye position and eye velocity during all of the behavioral paradigms used, although there was a small but significant increase in the eye position sensitivity of many of these units when the eye was moving (smooth pursuit) versus when the eye was stationary (fixation). 4. Many neurons in the prepositus nucleus and the medial vestibular nucleus (n = 15) were similar to abducens neurons, in that their firing rate was related primarily to horizontal eye position and eye velocity, regardless of the behavioral paradigm used. These cells were, on average, more sensitive to eye position and smooth pursuit eye velocity than were abducens neurons. 5. The firing rate of 15 other neurons in the prepositus and medial vestibular nucleus was related primarily to horizontal smooth pursuit eye movements. The tonic firing rate of all of these smooth pursuit (SP) cells was related to horizontal eye position, and the majority generated bursts of spikes during saccades in all directions but their off direction. Six of the SP neurons fired in phase with ipsilateral eye movements, whereas the remaining nine were sensitive to eye movements in the opposite direction. (ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)