Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
LIUM ASR systems for the 2016 Multi-Genre Broadcast Arabic challenge

This paper describes the automatic speech recognition (ASR) systems developed by LIUM in the framework of the 2016 Multi-Genre Broadcast (MGB-2) Challenge in the Arabic language. LIUM participated in the first of the two proposed tasks, namely the speech-to-text transcription of Aljazeera recordings. We present the approaches and details found in our systems, as well as our results in the evaluation campaign: the primary LIUM ASR system attained the second position. The main aspects come from the use of GMM-derived features for training a DNN, combined with the use of time-delay neural networks for acoustic models, the use of two different approaches in order to automatically phonetize Arabic words, and finally, the training data selection strategy for acoustic and language models.
The Relationship Between Breastfeeding Test Weights and Postpartum Breastfeeding Rates

This secondary analysis was conducted to determine the relationship between test weights and days of breastfeeding. Test weights were performed with a scale (accurate to 2 grams) before and after feeding. Days of breastfeeding was measured by self-reporting. All test weights were interrelated and were associated with higher days of breastfeeding. Test weights at day 2 to 4 and at 2 weeks were not correlated significantly with either intention or self-efficacy at any time. However, 6-week test weights were correlated with intention at all 3 times, and self-efficacy at 6 weeks. Women with higher breastfeeding self-efficacy scores tended to report higher intention to breastfeed for 6 months.
Coral Skeletons: An Explanation of Their Growth and Structure

Coral skeletons are constructed of aragonitic crystals organized into fan systems. A theoretical model for the growth of such fan systems, which depends upon competition between crystals for space in which to grow, is corroborated by vital staining with sodium alizarinesulfonate. Fan systems of crystals compete with each other to form larger fan systems until large, relatively stable fans are produced. It is these relatively stable fan systems that have been observed in optical thin sections of coral skeletons.
Working with or against the Stores?: A Non-Governmental Organization Working with Alcohol Purchase Attempts.

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to describe and analyse the implementation by a non‐governmental organization (NGO) of an intervention with two different strategies – one employing confrontational approaches, the other cooperative ones – aiming to reduce the rate of successful purchase attempts (PAs) of medium‐strength beer in Sweden.Design/methodology/approach – The Swedish Youth Temperance Movement (UNF) has been responsible for the development and implementation of the intervention, and a research team at Orebro University for the evaluation. The outcome analysis is based on 1,475 PA from 25 Swedish cities during 2003‐2006. Annual reports, discussions and telephone interviews have been used to understand the intervention process.Findings – In 40 per cent of all registered PAs, beer is sold to minors. In the eight cities using a structured strategy, there is a significant decrease from 2003 to 2006 (44‐27 per cent; p<0.001). The confrontation method, compared to no model, is more than four times .
Using Crowd-Source Based Features from Social Media and Conventional Features to Predict the Movies Popularity

Predicting the success of movies has been of interest to economists and investors (media and production houses) as well as predictive analysts. A number of attributes such as cast, genre, budget, production house, PG rating affect the popularity of a movie. Social media such as Twitter, YouTube etc. are major platforms where people can share their views about the movies. This paper describes experiments in predictive analysis using machine learning algorithms on both conventional features, collected from movies databases on Web as well as social media features (text comments on YouTube, Tweets). The results demonstrate that the sentiments harnessed from social media and other social media features can predict the success with more accuracy than that of using conventional features. We achieved best value of 77% and 61% using selected social media features for Rating and Income prediction respectively, whereas selected conventional features gave results of 76.2% and 52% respectively. More it was found that the blend of both types of attributes (conventional and those collected from social media) can outperform the existing approaches in this domain.
Calcium Transient in Presynaptic Terminal of Auid Giant Synapse: Detection with Aequorin

Microinjection of aequorin, a bioluminescent protein sensitive tocalcium, into the presynaptic terminal of the squid giant synapse demnonstrated an increase in intracellular calcium ion concentration during repetitive synaptic transmission. Although no light flashes synchronous with individual presynaptic : tion potentials were detected, the results are considered consistent with the hypothesis that entry of calcium into the presynaptic terminal triggers release of e synaptic transmitter substance.
Using mPINC Data to Measure Breastfeeding Support for Hospital Employees

Background: Employer support is important for mothers, as returning to work is a common reason for discontinuing breastfeeding. This article explores support available to breastfeeding employees of hospitals that provide maternity care. Objectives: This study aimed to describe the prevalence of 7 different types of worksite support and changes in these supports available to breastfeeding employees at hospitals that provide maternity care from 2007 to 2011. Methods: Hospital data from the 2007, 2009, and 2011 Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Survey on Maternity Practices in Infant Nutrition and Care (mPINC) were analyzed. Survey respondents were asked if the hospital provides any of the following supports to hospital staff: (1) a designated room to express milk, (2) on-site child care, (3) an electric breast pump, (4) permission to use existing work breaks to express milk, (5) a breastfeeding support group, (6) lactation consultant/specialist available for consult, and (7) paid maternity leave other than accrued vacation or sick leave. This study was exempt from ethical approval because it was a secondary analysis of a publicly available dataset. Results: Of the 7 worksite supports in hospitals measured, 6 increased and 1 decreased from 2007 to 2011. Across all survey years, more than 70% of hospitals provided supports for expressing breast milk, whereas less than 15% provided direct access to the breastfeeding child through on-site child care, and less than 35% offered paid maternity leave. Results differed by region and hospital size and type. In 2011, only 2% of maternity hospitals provided all 7 worksite supports; 40% provided 5 or more. Conclusion: The majority of maternity care hospitals (> 70%) offer breastfeeding supports that allow employees to express breast milk. Supports that provide direct access to the breastfeeding child, which would allow employees to breastfeed at the breast, and access to breastfeeding support groups are much less frequent than other supports, suggesting opportunities for improvement.
Shape from Shadows: A Hilbert Space Setting

We study the problem of recovering a surface from the shadows it casts on itself when lighted by the sun at various times of the day. Shadows can create both linear and nonlinear information. We will show how to incorporate both types of information in the solution. The problem is formulated and solved in a Hilbert space setting and the spline algorithm interpolating the data that result from the shadows is constructed. This algorithm is optimal in terms of the approximation error and has low cost. We furthermore derive optimal information for this problem.
Cell therapy – back on the up-curve

Intercytex is an emerging healthcare company developing cell therapy products for the woundcare and aesthetic medicine markets. The company, based in Cambridge, UK, commenced operations in 2000 and has raised over £31 million in four private equity funding rounds. It is using its proprietary expertise in cell therapy to develop products that harness the innate ability of human cells to regenerate and repair the body.Here, founder and Chief Scientific Officer of Intercytex, Dr Paul Kemp, reflects on current status and future prospects for cell therapy with Regenerative Medicine's Elisa Manzotti. Dr Kemp was formerly Vice President of Research at Organogenesis, Inc. and has more than 17 years' experience in the commercial development of cell therapy. In this interview, Dr Kemp draws attention to a cycle that so often characterizes novel medical research: initial hype, a subsequent trough of disappointment and final emergence of viable technology. He explains how cell therapy is now emerging from the trough .
Prioritization of Resources for Participants in a Peer Counseling Breastfeeding Support Program

Background: Peer counseling (PC) breastfeeding support programs have proven effective in increasing breastfeeding duration in low-income women. Objectives: This study aimed to describe program participants and breastfeeding duration in a PC program according to (1) timing of enrollment (prenatal vs postnatal) and (2) breastfeeding status at program exit (discontinued breastfeeding, exited program while breastfeeding, and completed 1 year program) to improve understanding of how these groups differ and how services might be optimized when resources are limited. Methods: This study is a secondary analysis of data from low-income women enrolled in a PC breastfeeding support program. Participant characteristics and breastfeeding duration were described using chi-square tests, analyses of variance, and logistic regression. Results: Postnatal enrollees had longer breastfeeding duration than prenatal enrollees (F < .001) and were more likely to be older, to be married, to be more educated, and to have prior breastfeeding experience (each variable P < .01). Women who withdrew from the program while breastfeeding were more demographically similar to those who discontinued breastfeeding prior to 1 year than to those who continued in the program breastfeeding for 1 year, although they breastfed for significantly longer at exit (mean ± SD = 27.8 ± 14.8 weeks) compared to women who discontinued breastfeeding while in the program (15.7 ± 13.3 weeks) (P < .001). Conclusion: It may be advantageous for peer counselors to direct fewer resources to later postnatal enrollees and more to prenatal or early postnatal enrollees. It may also be advantageous to focus on supporting women at high risk of discontinuation rather than on retaining women who choose to withdraw from the program while breastfeeding.
“Frustrated,” “Depressed,” and “Devastated” Pediatric Trainees

Background: Exclusive breastfeeding (EBF) is recommended until about 6 months of age. Pediatricians are at the forefront of encouraging mothers to achieve this goal, yet pediatricians who parent during their training may face substantial barriers in achieving their own breastfeeding goals. Objectives: This study aimed to assess breastfeeding support available to US pediatricians in training and the effect of trainees’ personal experiences on their attitude toward breastfeeding. Methods: An online survey was emailed to American Academy of Pediatrics Section on Medical Students, Residents, and Fellowship Trainees members. Results: There were 927 respondents, of which 421 had children and 346 breastfed their children. Almost 80% agreed that 6 months is the ideal duration for EBF. One in 4 did not have access to or were not aware of a private room to express milk or breastfeed. Forty percent needed to extend the duration of their training for a longer maternity leave, with breastfeeding a factor for longer leave among 44%. One in 4 did not meet their breastfeeding duration goal, and 1 in 3 did not meet their goal for EBF. Negative emotions were common among those not meeting goals. Ninety-two percent felt that their or their partner’s experience with breastfeeding affected their clinical interaction with patients’ mothers. Conclusion: A majority of respondents cited problems with breastfeeding support during training, and many failed to meet their intended goals. Not meeting personal breastfeeding goals was associated with negative emotions and influenced how they counsel about breastfeeding as a result of personal and often negative attitudes.
Direct-Breastfeeding Premature Infants in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit

Background: The neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) presents challenges for breastfeeding, especially with feeding directly at the breast (direct-breastfeeding). Objectives: The objectives of this study were to describe the characteristics of direct-breastfeeding and identify factors that are associated with direct-breastfeeding in the NICU. Methods: A retrospective chart review of 88 infants born < 34 weeks gestational age whose mothers provided human milk was conducted. Analyses included chi-square and logistic regression models. Results: Of infants who received human milk at the time of their first oral feeding, 59% received their first oral feeding at breast and 33% of mothers had a specific breastfeeding goal. Mothers who breastfed ≥ 1 direct-breastfeed per day were more likely to have a breastfeeding goal (odds ratio [OR] = 11.13; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.43-86.88) and be older (OR = 1.33; 95% CI, 1.03-1.72). Their infants had more days between the first breastfeed and introduction of a bottle (OR = 1.56; 95% CI, 1.11-2.17) and had shorter lengths of stay (OR = 0.9; 95% CI, 0.9-0.97). Mothers were more likely to provide direct-breastfeeding at discharge if they were non-Hispanic (OR = 0.05; 95% CI, < 0.01-0.60), were primiparous (OR = 0.06; 95% CI, 0.01-0.45), had a specific breastfeeding goal (OR = 13.79; 95% CI, 1.99-95.80), and their infant had a shorter length of stay (OR = 0.94; 95% CI, 0.90-0.98). Conclusion: Mothers should be supported to breastfeed before using bottles in the NICU. In addition, goal setting is important for prenatal care providers to discuss with all mothers early in pregnancy, especially those at high risk for premature delivery.
A Complementary Isothermal Amplification Method to the U.S. EPA Quantitative Polymerase Chain Reaction Approach for the Detection of Enterococci in Environmental Waters

We report a novel molecular assay, based on helicase-dependent amplification (HDA), for the detection of enterococci as markers for fecal pollution in water. This isothermal assay targets the same Enterococcus 23S rRNA gene region as the existing quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) assays of U.S. Environmental Protection Agency Methods 1611 and 1609 but can be entirely performed on a simple heating block. The developed Enterococcus HDA assay successfully discriminated 15 enterococcal from 15 non-enterococcal reference strains and reliably detected 48 environmental isolates of enterococci. The limit of detection was 25 target copies per reaction, only 3 times higher than that of qPCR. The applicability of the assay was tested on 30 environmental water sample DNA extracts, simulating a gradient of fecal pollution. Despite the isothermal nature of the reaction, the HDA results were consistent with those of the qPCR reference. Given this performance, we conclude that the developed Enterococcus HDA assay has great potential as a qualitative molecular screening method for resource-limited settings when combined with compatible up- and downstream processes. This amplification strategy can pave the way for developing a new generation of rapid, low-cost, and field-deployable molecular diagnostic tools for water quality monitoring.
The Ability of Posters to Enhance the Comfort Level with Breastfeeding in a Public Venue in Rural Newfoundland and Labrador

Background: The acceptance and support of breastfeeding in public venues can influence breastfeeding practices and, ultimately, the health of the population. Objective: The primary aim of this study was to investigate whether posters targeted at the general public could improve acceptability of breastfeeding in public places. Methods: A convenience sample of 255 participants was surveyed at shopping centers in 2 rural communities of Newfoundland and Labrador. Experimentally, questions were posed to 117 participants pre- and post-exposure to 2 specific posters designed to promote public acceptance of breastfeeding in public. Results: Initially, we surveyed that only 51.9% of participants indicated that they were comfortable with a woman breastfeeding anywhere in public. However, context played a role, whereby a doctor’s office (84.5%) or park (81.4%) were the most acceptable public places for breastfeeding, but least acceptable was a business office environment (66.7%). Of participants, 35.4% indicated previously viewing specific posters. We used a visual analog scale to test poster viewing on the acceptability of public breastfeeding in the context of a doctor’s office and a restaurant. Results of pre- versus post-viewing of the promotional posters indicated significant improvements in both scenarios: in a doctor’s office (P = .035) and in a restaurant (P = .021). Conclusion: Nearly 50% of the surveyed population indicated discomfort with a mother breastfeeding in public. Both cross-sectional and interventional evidence showed that posters significantly improved the reported level of comfort toward seeing breastfeeding in public.
Preanalytical sample handling of venous blood: how to ensure your glucose measurement is accurate and reliable

Measurement of blood glucose is a standard biochemical test requiring optimum preanalytical sample handling. Glucose measured in plasma from tubes containing sodium fluoride is recommended but serum from serum‐gel tubes may be used in research situations. To help inform best practice, we assessed glucose stability in plasma and serum samples subjected to different preanalytical conditions.
“Beauty lies in the eye of the beholder”? Aspects of beauty and attractiveness

Discussing aesthetic issues and their management with patients is a growing area of dermatologic practice. Sometimes treatment options within one's own discipline are rapidly discussed, without a clear idea of the various aspects of the face which all combine to produce beauty and attractiveness. We review various features leading to the impression of beauty and attractiveness. Familiarity with these concepts should facilitate a broader discussion with the patient on the aspects of beauty and attractiveness beyond the borders of one's own discipline and also lead to multidisciplinary treatment options. We also examine the question how much the personality of the beholder himself is involved in the perception of attractiveness and beauty (of the person sitting opposite to him).
Cenozoic Tectonics of Asia: Effects of a Continental Collision: Features of recent continental tectonics in Asia can be interpreted as results of the India-Eurasia collision.

Stable URL:http://links.jstor.org/sici? sici=0036-8075%2819750808%293%3A189%3A4201%3C419%3ACTOAEO%3E2.0. CO%3B2-NScience is currently published by American Association for the Advancement of Science.Your use of the JSTOR archive indicates your acceptance of JSTOR's Terms and Conditions of Use, available athttp://www.jstor.org/about/terms.html. JSTOR's Terms and Conditions of Use provides, in part, that unless you have obtainedprior permission, you may not download an entire issue of a journal or multiple copies of articles, and you may use content inthe JSTOR archive only for your personal, non-commercial use.Please contact the publisher regarding any further use of this work. Publisher contact information may be obtained athttp://www.jstor.org/journals/aaas.html. Each copy of any part of a JSTOR transmission must contain the same copyright notice that appears on the screen or printedpage of such transmission.The JSTOR Archive is a trusted digital repository providing for long-term preservation and access to leading academicjournals and scholarly literature from around the world. The Archive is supported by libraries, scholarly societies, publishers,and foundations. It is an initiative of JSTOR, a not-for-profit organization with a mission to help the scholarly community takeadvantage of advances in technology. For more information regarding JSTOR, please contact support@jstor.org. http://www.jstor.orgFri Jan 25 16:37:09 2008
Factors Influencing the Breastfeeding Practices of Young Mothers Living in a Maternity Shelter: A Qualitative Study

Background: Young mothers have the lowest breastfeeding rates in Canada. Young mothers and their infants who access maternity shelters are especially at risk for poor outcomes, some of which breastfeeding may help to mitigate, yet little is known of the breastfeeding practices of this population. Research aim: The purpose of this study was to answer the research question, “What factors influence the breastfeeding practices of young mothers who live or have lived in a maternity shelter? ” Methods: The study was conducted using interpretive description methodology and inductive content analysis. Data were collected by means of one-on-one interviews, with the participants recruited from a maternity shelter in Ontario, Canada. Results: Nine young mothers ages 17 to 24 years, who had initiated breastfeeding and resided at a maternity shelter, were interviewed. The five themes that emerged from the data were as follows: (a) choice, (b) special, (c) importance of early postpartum support, (d) being part of the “in crowd,” and (e) importance of ongoing supports. The participants in this study took ownership of their choice to breastfeed. Hospital postpartum nurses and lactation consultants had a critical role in the establishment of early breastfeeding, and ongoing, accessible, and nonjudgmental peer, family, and community support were important to breastfeeding duration. Conclusion: A combination of emotional and practical supports from multiple trusted sources, including professional and peer supports on an ongoing basis, enabled young mothers to reach their breastfeeding goals.
A Generalization of Fisher's Inequality

In this paper we are concerned with the following conjecture. Conjecture: Let L be a collection ofkpositive integers and A={A1,? ,Am} denote a family of subsets of ann-element set such that |Ai? Aj|? L, for allAi,Aj? A, then |A|? ki=0 ([equation]). In particular, we show this conjecture is true when L consists ofkconsecutive positive integers. This generalizes a well-known inequality of Fisher's. Our proof simplifies and extends a recent result of Ramanan's.
Reimagining Community

This article offers an ethnographic exploration of a grassroots cultural organization called Jana Sanskriti (People’s Culture) working in rural Bengal, India. This political theatre and activist work offstage is oppositional practice that presents participants with a significant space for self-organization. Jana Sanskriti’s work enables the author to engage and push the boundaries of symbolic interactionism because their performances, role-playing, and rehearsals are more than metaphors for social construction, identity formation, and subjective transformation. For eighteen years, Jana Sanskriti’s theatre has offered a significant opportunity for people to script power relations onstage and live new commitments offstage. The author shows how people learn from, make sense of, and live the consequences of immediate, onstage interactions and experiences in their offstage lives. This story traces people’s experience with and commitment to particular practices of interactions unique to the Jana Sanskriti community as evidence that representations can be an engine of transformation.