Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Epidemiology of the Use of Hemostatic Agents in Children Supported by Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation: A Pediatric Health Information System Database Study

Objectives: Children supported by extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) are at high risk of bleeding. Though practitioners often prescribe blood components and/or medications to prevent or treat bleeding, the utilization of these hemostatic measures in children is not well-understood. We sought to evaluate the use of hemostatic blood products (platelet, plasma and cryoprecipitate transfusions) and medications [aminocaproic acid, tranexamic acid (TXA) and Factor VIIa] in children supported by ECMO. Design: Retrospective observational study using the Pediatric Health Information System (PHIS) database from 2011-2017. Setting: Fifty-one U.S. children's hospitals. Patients: Children (aged 0–18 years) supported by ECMO. Interventions: None. Measurements and Main Results: ECMO was employed in the care of 7,910 children for a total of 56,079 ECMO days. Fifty-five percent of the patients were male with a median (IQR) age of 0 (0–2) years. The median (IQR) length of ECMO was 5 (2–9) days with a hospital mortality rate of 34%. Platelets were transfused on 49% of ECMO days, plasma on 33% of ECMO days and cryoprecipitate on 17% of ECMO days. Twenty-two percent of children received TXA with the majority receiving it on the first day of ECMO and the use of TXA increased during the 6-year period studied (p < 0.001). Seven percent of children received aminocaproic acid and 3% received Factor VIIa. Conclusions: Children supported by ECMO are exposed to a significant number of hemostatic blood products. Antifibrinolytics, in particular TXA, are being used more frequently. Given the known morbidity and mortality associated with hemostatic blood products, studies are warranted to evaluate the effectiveness of hemostatic strategies.
Association of NQO2 With UDP-Glucuronosyltransferases Reduces Menadione Toxicity in Neuroblastoma Cells

The balance between detoxification and toxicity is linked to enzymes of the drug metabolism Phase I (cytochrome P450 or oxidoreductases) and phase II conjugating enzymes (such as the UGTs). After the reduction of quinones, the product of the reaction, the quinols—if not conjugated—re-oxidizes spontaneously to form the substrate quinone with the concomitant production of the toxic reactive oxygen species (ROS). Herein, we documented the modulation of the toxicity of the quinone menadione on a genetically modified neuroblastoma model cell line that expresses both the quinone oxidoreductase 2 (NQO2, E.C. 1.10.5.1) alone or together with the conjugation enzyme UDP-glucuronosyltransferase (UGT1A6, E.C. 2.4.1.17), one of the two UGT isoenzymes capable to conjugate menadione. As previously shown, NQO2 enzymatic activity is concomitant to massive ROS production, as previously shown. The quantification of ROS produced by the menadione metabolism was probed by electron-paramagnetic resonance (EPR) on cell homogenates, while the production of superoxide was measured by liquid chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry (LC-MS) on intact cells. In addition, the dysregulation of the redox homeostasis upon the cell exposure to menadione was studied by fluorescence measurements. Both EPR and LCMS studies confirmed a significant increase in the ROS production in the NQO2 overexpressing cells due to the fast reduction of quinone into quinol that can re-oxidize to form superoxide radicals. However, the effect of NQO2 inhibition was drastically different between cells overexpressing only NQO2 vs. both NQO2 and UGT. Whereas NQO2 inhibition decreases the amount of superoxide in the first case by decreasing the amount of quinol formed, it increased the toxicity of menadione in the cells co-expressing both enzymes. Moreover, for the cells co-expressing QR2 and UGT the homeostasis dysregulation was lower in presence of menadione than for the its counterpart expressing only QR2. Those results confirmed that the cooperation of the two enzymes plays a fundamental role during the cells’ detoxification process. The fluorescence measurements of the variation of redox homeostasis of each cell line and the detection of a glucuronide form of menadiol in the cells co-expressing NQO2 and UGT1A6 enzymes further confirmed our findings.
Understanding Persistent Non-compliance in a Remote, Large-Scale Marine Protected Area

Area coverage of large-scale marine protected areas (MPAs) (LSMPAs, > 100,000 km2) is rapidly increasing globally. Their effectiveness largely depends on successful detection and management of non-compliance. However, for LSMPAs this can be difficult due to their large size, often remote locations and a lack of understanding of the social drivers of non-compliance. Taking a case-study approach, we review current knowledge of illegal fishing within the British Indian Ocean Territory (BIOT) LSMPA. Data stemming from enforcement reports (2010–20), and from fieldwork in fishing communities (2018–19) were combined to explore and characterise drivers of non-compliance. Enforcement data included vessel investigation reports (n = 188), transcripts of arrests (20) and catch seizures (58). Fieldwork data included fisher interviews (95) and focus groups (12), conducted in two communities in Sri Lanka previously associated with non-compliance in BIOT LSMPA. From 2010 to 2020, there were 126 vessels suspected of non-compliance, 76% of which were Sri Lankan. The majority of non-compliant vessels targeted sharks (97%), catching an estimated 14,340 individuals during the study period. Sri Lankan vessels were primarily registered to one district (77%) and 85% operated from just two ports within the fieldwork sites. Social Network Analysis (SNA) showed that 66% of non-compliant vessels were linked by social ties, including sharing crew members, compared with only 34% of compliant vessels. Thematic analysis of qualitative data suggested that perceptions of higher populations of sharks and social ties between vessels may both be important drivers. We discuss our findings within a global context to identify potential solutions for LSMPA management.
Potential Predictors and Survival Analysis of the Relapse of HIV-Associated Cryptococcal Meningitis: A Retrospective Study

Objective: We intend to investigate the relapse of HIV-associated cryptococcal meningitis (CM), assess potential predictors and conduct survival analysis, with a view to establishing a valid reference for the management of the relapse of CM. Method: This is a retrospective study in Chinese patients with HIV-associated CM and those who experience relapse of CM. Baseline demographic, laboratory and clinical characteristics of patients with HIV-associated CM were collected. Predictors for relapse of HIV-associated CM were analyzed using univariate and multivariate logistic regression. Survival probability in relapse cases was determined by Kaplan-Meier survival curves. Results: During the study period, 87 of 348 (25.0%) HIV patients experienced the relapse of CM. CD4+ T-cell counts, antiretroviral therapy (ART) status and the time from symptom onset to presentation were all statistically associated with the relapse of CM (p = 0.013, 0.018 and 0.042, respectively). The overall survival among 46 HIV CM relapse patients whose survival information were obtained, was 78.3%. The proportion of patients who died after antifungal treatment for CM was greater in those whose interval from symptom onset to presentation ≥4 weeks, compared with those <4 weeks (p = 0.0331). Conclusions: In order to reduce the relapse of CM and increase the survival possibility of these patients, we can promote the importance of ART before CM occurs, emphasize timely consultation when any CM-associated clinical symptoms occurs, and individualized the timing of ART initiation according to indicators which can reflect the severity of CM.
Adolescent brain in a social world: Unravelling the positive power of peers from a neurobehavioral perspective

ABSTRACT Adolescence is a period of growing focus on social interactions and relationships. The peer context is one of the most significant developmental contexts in this transitional period and positive peer experiences contribute positively to adolescent well-being. Although negative peer influence on antisocial behaviour has received much attention, we know less about the positive power of peers such as on prosocial behaviour. Functioning in a social context involves affective and regulatory processes, as well as understanding others and mentalizing. In this article, I highlight neuroscientific studies examining prosocial decision-making in the peer context. Based on studies combining economic exchange paradigms with sociometric assessments of peer relations, I show that prosocial behaviour for friends involves activation of the ventral striatum and the temporoparietal junction, brain regions associated with affective-motivational processes and other-oriented thinking. Differential developmental trajectories of these brain regions across adolescence can be critical in understanding the developmental significance of peer relationships and its links with developmental outcomes.
V2X Communication System With Non-Orthogonal Multiple Access: Outage Performance Perspective

To achieve low-latency and high-reliability (LLHR) for applications in the vehicle-toeverything (V2X) networks, the non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA) based Long Term Evolution (LTE)-based is introduced a promising technology. NOMA-V2X provides higher spectrum efficiency compared with the orthogonal multiple access (OMA) based V2X. This study propose two-way relay assisted NOMA-V2X transmission by exploiting amplify-and-forward (AF) and full-duplex. We derive expressions of outage probability to evaluate performance of two vehicles and to improve the quality of service (QoS) for the device with the poor channel conditions. These expressions are further verified by Monte-Carlo simulations.
Supplementary Material To “Reconsidering Generative Objectives For Counterfactual Reasoning”

Danni Lu1,∗, Chenyang Tao2,∗, Junya Chen, Fan Li, Feng Guo, Lawrence Carin 1 Department of Statistics, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, USA 2 Electrical & Computer Engineering, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA 3 School of Mathematical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China 4 Department of Statistical Science, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA 5 Virginia Tech Transportation Institute, Blacksburg, VA, USA ludanni@vt.edu, chenyang.tao@duke.edu
Navigation in Dynamic Workspaces: Integrated Task and Motion Planning for Bipedal Locomotion

As robots become ubiquitous in real-life workspaces, reasoning about mobility safety at both task and motion planning levels is imperative. Navigation safety and obstacle avoidance in mobile robots [1], as well as balancing safety in legged locomotion [2], have been widely explored in the locomotion literature. However, the field lacks literature exploring safety from both levels for legged locomotion, due to the inherent challenge of guaranteeing safe execution of high-level commands in hybrid and underactuated systems such as bipedal robots. To this end, we have proposed a hierarchical planning framework that integrates safety for the high-level task planner and low-level motion planner cohesively by encoding the lowlevel dynamics into the high-level task specification design [3]. To account for real world scenarios, the robot operates in a partially observable environment, where it can only locate dynamic obstacle within a local visible range. In this work, we target locomotion planning for a Cassie bipedal robot in the presence of uneven terrain and dynamic obstacles with multi-level safety guarantees.
Facile Synthesis of 3D Graphene Flowers for Ultrasensitive and Highly Reversible Gas Sensing

Fabrication of nanostructured graphene (Gr) for gas sensing applications has become increasingly attractive. For the first time, 3D graphene flowers (GF) cluster patterns are grown directly on an Ni foam substrate by inexpensive homebuilt microwave plasma‐enhanced chemical vapor deposition (MPCVD) using the gas mixture H2/C2H4O2@Ar as a precursor. The interim morphologies of the synthesized GF are investigated and the growth mechanism of the GF film is proposed. The GF are decomposed to few‐layer Gr sheets by ultrasonication in ethanol. For the first time, MPCVD‐synthesized Gr is exploited to fabricate a gas sensor that exhibits an ultrahigh sensitivity of 133.2 ppm−1 to NO2. Outstanding sensor responses of 1411% and 101% to 10 ppm and 200 ppb NO2, respectively, are achieved. Furthermore, a low theoretical detection limit of 785 ppt NO2 is achieved. An ultrafast (within 2 s) recovery is observed at room temperature, and an imbedded microheater is employed to improve the selectivity of NO2 detection relative to humidity. This work represents a simple, clean, and efficient route to synthesize large‐area cauliflower Gr for gas detection with high performance, including ultrahigh sensitivity, good selectivity, fast recovery, and reversibility.
A Catalog-based Platform for Integrated Development of Simulation Models

—In the automotive domain, it is common practice to develop a vehicle system with reusable components in order to reduce development time and costs. Several suppliers are responsible for the development of the components on behalf of one leading manufacturer, who ensures the integration of the components into the system. Thereby, models are used for simulation and test of components in advance. The manufacturers integrate these models of different suppliers into their system under development using its own simulation environment. However, in order to optimize the system in a simulation, manufacturers often rely on the supplier’s expert knowledge regarding components property values. But often the models must also be modiﬁed to allow their execution in a target simulation environment. Thus, manufacturers have to cope with manual steps and a decreasing re-usability of models. To overcome these difﬁculties, signiﬁcant additional effort and costs in every development iteration is involved. A platform for automating the optimization and version management of models is a promising approach, to reduce this development effort as a common basis of the development teams. Hence, we propose a component simulation-software catalog platform for a cooperatively organized development environment. It provides a domain speciﬁc language as a meta model for modeling catalogs consisting of model variants and versions. Furthermore, the platform provides automation services for model import and export, refactoring and simulation.
Characterization and antibacterial efficacy of silver nanoparticles extracted from neem (Azadirachta indica) leaf extract

Use of silver and silver salts is as old as human civilization but the green synthesis of silver nanoparticles (Ag NPs) has only recently been recognized. AgNPs were synthesized using aqueous extract of neem leaves and silver salt. The synthesized AgNPs were characterized using particle size analyser, UV-visible spectroscopy, XRD, SEM and AFM. The size of AgNPs was found to be within the range of 20-60 nm. The absorbance peak was in the range of 420-450 nm. SEM and AFM analysis showed that, the synthesized AgNPs are spherical in shape and surface roughness is 20.40 nm. Further the XRD analysis confirms the nano crystalline phase of silver with cubic crystal structure nature. The EDS analysis confirmed the presence of silver nanoparticles. AgNPs were specifically used in agriculture and medicine as antibacterial, antifungal and antioxidants. Antibacterial activity of synthesized AgNPs was carried out for both gram positive and gram negative bacteria and compared with standard silver nanoparticles. Hence, AgNPs could be use in the food and agricultural filed for commercial usage.
PHYTOREMEDIATION IN SEWAGE TREATMENT

Water being the source of life has become a scarce resource in this millennium. Since the limited resource availability, reuse of the available supply is more suggestible. For the said goal, many technologies prevail addressing the task, among which is the technique Phytoremediation. Lots of waste waters get generated from industrial, commercial and domestic origins and are discarded. Phytoremediation converts this wastewater into usable water with the help of plants. This is a very eco-friendly technique which decontaminates the wastewater in a very economical way. This study emphasis on treatment of wastewater using different plants such as Duckweed, water hyacinth etc. It has found that this plant reduces COD, BOD, TDS & Chloride content of waste water with efficiency of 50% with HRT of 2 day. As density of plants increases, the efficiency of treatment also increases. Hence at the end of 2nd day more than half of concentration of the waste is reduced. KeywordsWastewater Treatment, Phytoremediation, Eco-friendly
THE ANALYSIS OF THE INTEGRATION OF STUDENT-CENTERED AND TEACHER-CENTERED COLLEGE ENGLISH TEACHING IN CHINA

THE ANALYSIS OF THE INTEGRATION OF STUDENT-CENTERED AND TEACHER-CENTERED COLLEGE ENGLISH TEACHING IN CHINA Li Xiaoyan Under the Supervision of Tom Lo Guidice, PhD English, as a global language, plays an increasingly important role in the world. In China, the demand for people who can successfully communicate in English is becoming more important as the country faces more international investment opportunities. Therefore, all the colleges in China require students continue to learn English in order to meet the needs of the development of the country. Thus the college English comes in being. Language education for non-English majors involving millions of students is called College English. There are two different teaching patterns: one is the teacher-centered and the other is student-centered. The traditional exam-oriented system makes former prevalent in China. The majority of the teachers are applying the teacher-centered method in college English teaching. It is a natural product of the deep-rooted examination-oriented education. However, now the new quality-oriented trend demands more people who can not only be good at taking examinations, but also can communicating freely in English. There is a strong argument on which teaching method is preferable. This paper is a report on research on both teaching methods. They have their pros and cons respectively. Therefore, it is not advisable to go from one extreme to another. The students have to be able to apply their knowledge in a real-world situation related to the subjects presented in the course. Teachers should try involving students in the teaching process. Success means slowly
An Investigation of Twitter Users Who Disclosed Their Personal Proﬁle Items in Their Tweets Honestly

—These days, many people use a Social Networking Service (SNS). Most SNS users are careful in protecting the privacy of personal information: name, age, gender, address, telephone number, birthday, etc. However, some SNS users disclose their personal information that can threaten their privacy and security even if they use non-real name accounts. In this study, we investigated tweets disclosing submitters’ personal proﬁle items which many of us think are not true. We collected 565 tweets where submitters used non-real name accounts and made promises to disclose their personal proﬁle items, surveyed the details of their personal proﬁle items disclosed by themselves, especially their ages, genders, and heights, and analyzed them statistically, to be speciﬁc, applied the Shapiro-Wilk test of normality and the Welch’s test to them. The results of these tests showed that most of the submitters disclosed their ages, genders, and heights honestly.
METHOD DEVELOPMENT AND VALIDATION OF ULTRAVIOLET-VISIBLE SPECTROSCOPIC METHOD FOR THE ESTIMATION OF HEPATITIS-C DRUGS - DACLATASVIR AND SOFOSBUVIR IN ACTIVE PHARMACEUTICAL INGREDIENT FORM

ABSTRACT Objective: The objective of the present work is to develop a simple, efficient, and reproducible spectrophotometric method for the quantitative estimation of hepatitis-C drugs - Daclatasvir and Sofosbuvir in its active pharmaceutical ingredient (API) form. Methods: The developed ultraviolet spectrophotometric method for the quantitative estimation of hepatitis-C drugs - Daclatasvir and Sofosbuvir is based on measurement of absorption at a wavelength maximum (λmax) of 317 and 261 nm using methanol as solvent. Results: The method was validated in terms of specificity, precision, linearity, accuracy, and robustness as per the ICH guidelines. The method was found to be linear in the range of 50-150% for Daclatasvir and in the range of 43-143% for Sofosbuvir. The percentage recovery values were in the range of 99.4-100.6% for Daclatasvir and in the range of 99.7-100.6% for Sofosbuvir at different concentration levels. Relative standard deviation for precision and intermediate precision results were found to be <2%. The correlation coefficient value observed for Daclatasvir and Sofosbuvir drug substances was not <0.99, 0.99, respectively. Results obtained from the validation experiments prove that the developed method is quantified for the estimation of Daclatasvir and Sofosbuvir drug substances. Conclusion: The developed method can be successfully applied for routine analysis, quality control analysis, and also suitable for stability analysis of Daclatasvir and Sofosbuvir in API form as per the regulatory requirements. Keywords: Daclatasvir, Sofosbuvir, Method development, Validation, Ultraviolet-visible spectrophotometry.
A NOVEL WIDEBAND BEAM RECONFIGURABLE MAGNETO-ELECTRIC DIPOLE PATCH ANTENNA

A novel wideband beam reconfigurable magneto-electric dipole patch antenna is presented in this paper. The proposed antenna consists of two H-shaped patches, two folded patches, an E-shaped feeding structure, a side-slotted ground, and a large reflective ground. Two H-shaped patches are horizontally placed on both sides of the feed structure, and two folded patches are assembled vertically to the upper ground, which are designed as the magneto-electric dipole structure. Two symmetrically sided slots are etched on the upper ground to reduce the profile, and an E-shaped strip is employed in the feeding structure to broaden the bandwidth. To suppress the backward radiation, a lower ground with large size is designed as a reflector. Four binary switches are symmetrically integrated on the stubs of H-shaped patches. By switching them ON or OFF simultaneously, the current distribution is changed to achieve beam reconfigurability. Finally, a set of antenna prototype with four configurations is fabricated and measured. The measured results show that maximum impedance bandwidth achieves up to 77.8% at 2.7 GHz from 2.0 GHz to 4.1 GHz. At 2.7 GHz, the measured peak gains are 8.4 dBi, 9.3 dBi, 8.1 dBi, and 8.7 dBi, where the beams point to −21◦, 0◦, 21◦, and 34◦, respectively in E-plane.
SYNTHESIS OF NiO NANOPARTICLES USING THESPESIA POPULNEA LEAVES BY GREEN SYNTHESIS METHOD

Green synthesis of metal nanoparticles is an interesting and expanding research area due to the potential applications for the ecofriendly development of novel technologies. Pure and NiO nanoparticles were prepared by green synthesis method using Thespesia populena leaf extract and nickel sulfate as raw materials. The synthesized NiO nanoparticles were characterized by powder X-ray diffraction, UV-Vis analysis, FTIR analysis, SEM and EDAX analysis. From UV spectrum the optical properties of the samples were determined. FTIR spectrum reveals the various functional groups present in the sample. SEM image shows the surface morphology of pure and NiO nano particles. From EDX the presence of Ni, and O were confirmed. VSM confirms the super paramagnetism of NiO nanoparticles.