Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Anticuerpos contra células del trofoblasto en el primer trimestre del embarazo Antibodies against trophoblast cells in the first quarter of pregnancy

Las celulas del trofoblasto no expresan los antigenos HLA clasicos de clase I (A, B, C), pero si los antigenos HLA G que pueden generar anticuerpos capaces de tener reaccion cruzada con los primeros. Se estudiaron 24 mujeres en el primer trimestre del embarazo, sin antecedentes de embarazos o transfusiones de sangre, con anticuerpos reactivos contra leucocitos, plaquetas o ambos (9 antigranulocitarios y 15 anti-HLA), para determinar la presencia de anticuerpos antitrofoblasto, mediante tecnica de inmunofluorescencia indirecta en lamina. El 54,16 por ciento presento anticuerpos antitrofoblasto. El 86,66 por ciento de las embarazadas con anticuerpos anti-HLA, presento anticuerpos contra trofoblasto, mientras que ninguno de los sueros con anticuerpos especificos de granulocitos reacciono con las celulas trofoblasticas (p=0,00). Despues de la adsorcion con tejido trofoblastico, los sueros con anticuerpos con especificidad granulocitaria mantuvieron la reactividad con leucocitos de sangre periferica, y solo 2 de los que presentaban especificidad HLA. Los resultados sugieren que la mayoria de los anticuerpos anti-HLA, reactivos con leucocitos, plaquetas o ambos, pueden estar dirigidos contra antigenos HLA-G del trofoblasto y muestran reaccion cruzada con los antigenos HLA leucocitarios, lo cual favorece el bloqueo de la respuesta de los leucocitos maternos contra las celulas fetales, lo que pudiera explicar, ademas, la alta prevalencia de anticuerpos anti-HLA en el embarazo temprano Trophoblast cells do not express classical HLA class I antigens (A, B, C), but they do express HLA G antigens which may generate antibodies capable of cross-reacting with the former. A study was conducted of 24 women in the first quarter of pregnancy, with no previous pregnancies or blood transfusions, with reactive antibodies against leukocytes, platelets or both (9 antigranulocytary and 15 anti-HLA), to determine the presence of antitrophoblast antibodies, by plate indirect immunofluorescence technique. 54.16 percent had antitrophoblast antibodies. 86.66 percent of the pregnant women with anti-HLA antibodies had antibodies against the trophoblast, whereas none of the sera with granulocyte specific antibodies reacted with trophoblastic cells (p=0,00). Following adsorption with trophoblastic tissue, the sera with antibodies showing granulocyte specificity remained reactive with peripheral blood leukocytes, as opposed to just 2 of those showing HLA specificity. Results suggest that most anti-HLA antibodies reactive with leukocytes, platelets or both, may be aimed against trophoblast HLA-G antigens, and cross-react with leukocyte HLA antigens, which facilitates blockage of the response of maternal leukocytes against fetal cells. This may also explain the high prevalence of anti-HLA antibodies during early pregnancy
Analysis of Human Human Adenovirus Cancer DNA Type

: We investigated whether human adenovirus type 4 (Ad4) might cause cancer in humans. Cell culture and animal model studies indicated that Ad4-induced human tumors should contain Ad4 DNA sequences. Thus Ad4 DNA was labeled in vitro (sp act, approximately 10(7) 3H counts/min/microgram) and hybridized in liquid phase with DNA extracted from human tumors. No viral sequences were detected in 31 squamous cell carcinomas of the lung, 5 adenocarcinomas of the lung, 4 oat cell carcinomas of the lung, 4 carcinomas of the stomach, 10 carcinomas of the colon, 3 carcinomas of the kidney, 3 carcinomas of the breast, 2 carcinomas of the ovary, and 6 Hodgkin's lymphomas. Reconstruction experiments with added Ad4 DNA indicated that the probe detected about 1 copy of 5% of the Ad4 genome per tumor cell. Therefore, these data were strong evidence (but did not prove) that none of these particular tumors were induced by Ad4.
Ultrastructure of the early stages of infection of peanut leaves by the rust fungus Puccinia arachidis

Peanut rust disease proved to be an excellent system for ultrastructural study of development of infection structures by the fungus Puccinia arachidis. Fungal structures were clearly visible by light microscopy in fixed and embedded samples and could be located either on leaf surfaces or within the large substomatal chambers of peanut leaves. Samples could easily be oriented for thin sectioning. The infection process was a highly orchestrated process involving precisely timed events and highly specialized structures. Infection pegs developed from appressoria over stomata and entered the leaf by growing into the openings between guard cells. Once past the rim formed by the guard cell walls, the infection peg expanded to form a substomatal vesicle in which a synchronous mitotic division of the four nuclei occurred. A primary infection hypha then developed from the vesicle and grew into the mesophyll of the leaf until its tip or side contacted a host cell. A septum then delimited a binucleate or trinucleate .
Phylogenetic analysis of nucleotide sequences from the ITS region of terverticillate Penicillium species

The genetic variability within 600 bp of DNA sequence from the ribosomal internal transcribed spacers (ITS 1 and ITS 2) and the 5.8 S rRNA gene was examined in 52 strains belonging to 29 terverticillate taxa in Penicillium subg. Penicillium from diverse sources and locations. The sequenced region is extremely conserved within the terverticillate penicillia, with only 29 positions differing in one or more taxa. The highest degree of ITS variability was seen among the species close to Penicillium roqueforti ( P. roqueforti, P. carneum and P. paneum ) whereas the ITS variability was very low between closely related taxa, e.g. among the taxa near P. aurantiogriseum. The relationships among the terverticillate penicillia, and related teleomorphs in Eupenicillium , were analysed from bootstrapped ITS sequence data sets using the neighbour-joining method. The terverticillate penicillia form a well supported clade with Eupenicillium crustaceum. Sequence analysis generally confirmed the overall taxonomy in Penicillium subg. Penicillium but relationships between all the terverticillate taxa could not be clearly established due to the low degree of ITS variability. Nevertheless, clades of Penicillium species sharing environmental characteristics did emerge, e.g. species growing on protein and lipid rich substrates (e.g. P. crustosum and P. commune ), species prevalent in dry habitats (e.g. P. chrysogenum and P. nalgiovense ), and those prevalent on carbohydrate rich substrates (e.g. P. aurantiogriseum and P. freii ).
Production of dihaploids in durum wheat using Imperata cylindrica L. mediated chromosome elimination

The possibility of obtaining dihaploid durum wheat (Triticum durum L.) plants by interspecific hybridization with Imperata cylindrica L. was studied. Ten local varieties and 1 commercial durum wheat variety (Triticum durum L., 2n = 4x = 28; AABB) were used as maternal lines. Imperata cylindrica L. (2n = 2x = 20) ecotypes sampled from different districts of Hatay were used as the pollen source. Isolated embryos were placed in an MS medium for plant regeneration 14 days after the interspecific hybridization. The highest average seed setting, embryo formation, and dihaploid plant regeneration for the different hybrid combinations were determined as 31.1%, 15.5%, and 11.5%, respectively. Cytological observations revealed that all the regenerants had 2n = 2x = 14 chromosomes.
“Lock, Load, n’ Thank the Driver”: The Positive Influence of Prosocial Activity on Language in Online Social Groups

Social-psychological research aims to understand and improve human functioning in a wide variety of contexts. With research showing that trust, joy, and anticipation are among the most influential positive emotions in aspects of online communication, determining the environmental factors that may influence communication and interaction is of significant interest. This research aims to identify the ways prosocial actions influence language within an online social community. Using a longitudinal observational analysis of linguistic markers, an analysis was done on an online community, surrounding the game “Fortnite. ” At different time intervals, the written dialogue was analyzed for psycholinguistic markers through LIWC to detect variance in tone within the community. Users were queried (n = 9,037), filtered to meet the inclusion criteria (n = 7,221) and having their posts (n = 1,232,741) assigned to three cohorts, those of pre-prosocial, post-prosocial, and post-reciprocity, depending on the posting date. A statistically significant (R2 = .572) increase in positive emotion linguistic markers was detected in the data set after the prosocial action was added. A change in motivation did not reduce the use of positive emotion linguistic markers, contrary to what was expected. This research observes how individuals within online communities treat each other and that interaction can be influenced to improve the participant’s experience and the quality of dialogue. This research addresses how game design and human–computer interaction influence human communication and behavior. It supports that small changes to the real world have ripple effects in online communities for the better.
Differences in metal distribution and concentration in algal species living in a highly acidic, metal-rich pond of a pyrite mine in Portugal

The aims of the present work were to determine the concentration and localization of metals in algae living in a highly acidic, metal-rich pond and to assess the effect of excess metals in limiting the algae's access to essential mineral nutrients. Quantitative EDS studies revealed large species-specific differences in metal accumulation between the examined groups of algae, with the diatoms being comparatively enriched in Si and Al, and the chlorococcal forms containing unusually high concentrations of Fe. Si was found to co-accumulate with Al and Fe at the extracellular matrix of the algae, supporting its proposed role in alleviating metal toxicity. Phosphorus deficiency was not observed in any of the studied species, in spite of the high levels of Fe and Al in the acidic medium.
The influence of fire on carbon distribution and net primary production of boreal Larix gmelinii forests in north‐eastern China

The boreal larch forest of Eurasia is a widespread forest ecosystem and plays an important role in the carbon budget of boreal forests. However, few carbon budgets exist for these forests, and the effects of wildfire, the dominant natural disturbance in this region, on carbon budgets are poorly understood. The objective of this study was to quantify the effects of wildfire on carbon distribution and net primary production (NPP) for three major Dahurian larch (Larix gmelinii Rupr.) forest ecosystems in Tahe, Daxing'anling, north‐eastern China: Larix gmelinii–Ledum palustre, Larix gmelinii–grass and Larix gmelinii–Rhododendron dahurica forests. The experimental design included mature forests (unburned), and lightly and heavily burned forests from the 1.3‐million‐ha 1987 wildfire. We measured carbon distribution and above‐ground NPP, and estimated fine root production from literature values.
Cross References

(a) Prior to the granting of final approval the subdivider shall have installed or shall have furnished a performance bond for the amount of the estimated construction cost of the ultimate installation of improvements listed and described herein. The performance bond or cash deposit submitted to the City shall assure the City that the subdivider, his heirs, successors and assigns, and their agent or servants, shall comply with all applicable terms, conditions, provisions and requirements of these Subdivision Regulations, and shall faithfully perform and complete the work of constructing and installing such facilities or improvements in accordance with these laws and regulations. Before the bond is accepted, it shall be approved by the proper administrative officials. The term of the bond shall extend twelve months beyond the completion date of the project. (b) The subdivider or developer shall submit a set of construction plans for the improvements of the road, street or alley, prepared by a registered professional engineer. The construction plans shall include the title of the plan, typical sections, the plan and profile view, cross sections, miscellaneous engineering details, and estimate of quantities. All typical sections and major engineering details to be used on any particular road, street, or alley shall be approved in advance by the City Engineer or his representative before completion of the plans. When the subdivider or developer submits for approval a construction plan for street improvements for a part of a proposed subdivision area, preliminary street grades and proposed drainage facilities for the entire subdivision area shall also be presented.
Response of young barley plants to CO2 enrichment

Barley (Hordeum vulgare L. cv. Digger) was grown for 22 d in enclosed chambers with a C02 enrichment of 35, 155, 400 or 675/? mol C02 mol'1. C02 enrichment increased photosynthetic capacity in the plants grown at either of the two highest levels of pC02. A C02 enrichment of 675 //mol C02 caused a significant increment of shoot dry weight, whereas no changes were observed in fresh weight, chlorophyll or protein levels. At a light intensity of 860//mol m'2s~1 C02 enrichment caused photosynthetic capacity to increase by 250%, whereas no effect was observed at 80 //mol m~2 s~1. Over time, photosynthesis decreased by 70% independent of C02. A time-dependent increase in the level of extractable fructose was observed whereas total extractable carbohydrate only changed slightly.
Growth rates, half‐saturation constants, and silicate, nitrate, and phosphate depletion in relation to iron availability of four large, open‐ocean diatoms from the Southern Ocean

Four large, open‐ocean diatoms from the Southern Ocean (Actinocyclus sp., Thalassiosira sp., Fragilariopsis kerguelensis, and Corethron pennatum) were grown in natural (low iron) Southern ocean seawater with increasing Fe concentrations. With increasing dissolved iron (Fediss) concentrations, the growth rates increased three‐ to sixfold. The species with the smallest cells had the highest growth rates. The half‐saturation constants (Km) for growth were low (0.19−1.14 nmol L−1 Fediss), and close to the ambient Fediss concentrations of 0.2 nmol L−1. The range in Km with respect to Fediss also varied with the size of the diatoms: the smallest species had the lowest Km and the largest species had the highest Km. As Fediss concentrations decreased, silicate consumption per cell increased, but nitrate consumption per cell decreased. Phosphate consumption per cell varied without clear relation to the dissolved iron concentrations. The differences in nutrient consumption per cell resulted in marked differences in elemental depletion ratios in relation to Fedissconcentrations, with the depletion ratios being most affected by iron limitation in the largest cells. These experimental findings are in agreement with previous laboratory and field studies, showing the relatively high requirements of large diatoms for Fe. The size‐dependent response of the diatoms with respect to nutrient depletion is a good illustration of the effects of Fe on silicate, nitrate, and phosphate metabolism.
Drastic shift in the number of lateral line scales in the common roach Rutilus rutilus as a result of heterochronies: experimental data.

Summary The ontogeny of the larvae and juveniles of the common roach, Rutilus rutilus, was accelerated and retarded via treatment with the thyroid hormone triiodothyronine (T3), and thiourea. This treatment resulted in differential timing of scale formation. Development of squamation was earlier in accelerated fish but delayed in retarded fish compared with a control fish. A drastic shift in the number of lateral line scales (LL) resulted. Instead of a typical range of LL, retarded fish had an increased LL compared to the control as well as for the species as a whole, 47–71 vs 41–48, while accelerated fish had reduced LL: 38–44 vs 41–48. The mechanism of this drastic change in LL was related to developmental change in the timing of events, leading to changes in size and shape (heterochrony). The number of scales obtained experimentally was correlated to the body length at which scales first appeared.
Consequences of the expression of a bacterial glucokinase in potato tubers, both in combination with and independently of a yeast-derived invertase

The aim of this work was to further define the metabolic factors that regulate carbohydrate metabolism in potato (Solanum tuberosum L. cv. Desiree) tubers. We previously found that glycolysis is induced (and starch accumulation reduced) in transgenic tubers in which a yeast invertase and a glucokinase from Zymomonas mobilis were expressed in the cytosol, whereas potato tuber size is dramatically increased when invertase expression is targeted to the apoplast. In this study we describe the further characterisation of potato tubers expressing a yeast invertase in the apoplast. We also report the generation of two novel transgenic plants in which the Z. mobilis glucokinase gene is expressed tuber-specifically (either in the wild type or apoplastic invertase-expressing back- ground). We evaluated the influence that increasing the glucokinase activity, independent of invertase activity, had on the shift in carbon partitioning, and assessed if the hexoses produced by the apoplastic cleavage of sucrose could be brought into metabolism. We found that expression of glucokinase either in the wild type or in the apoplastic invertase-expressing background led to changes in the levels of glucose and glucose 6-phosphate. However, these changes had little effect on carbon partitioning or tuber size with respect to the parent line. We conclude that neither the accumulation nor the phosphorylation of glucose play a pivotal role in the regulation of metabolism or morphology in the potato tuber.
Control of soil-borne pathogens with living bacteria and fungi: status and outlook

This review addresses some of the current problems with soil-borne pathogens and their economic importance in comparison to the total plant protection market- Possible opportunities for biological control solutions in view of the various constraints of western agricultural production are discussed. More specifically, we address the scientific, economic and conceptual hurdles which have slowed down the development of biocontrol agents. In addition, examples of biological control of soil-borne pathogens which have already reached the market or are likely to be exploited commercially within the next few years are presented. Finally, we speculate on certain developments which might become important for the further commercial development of biological control products.
DIFFERENCES IN THE DETECTION OF c-JUN/UBIQUITIN IMMUNOREACTIVE PROTEINS BY DIFFERENT c-JUN ANTIBODIES

We compared the immunoreactivity of two widely used c-Jun polyclonal antibodies, SC-45 and Ab-1, in normal mouse hepatocytes and in hepatic tumors by means of immunohistochemistry and Western blotting. The epitope of SC-45 contains Thr 91 and Thr 93, both of which are phosphorylated by c-Jun N-terminal kinase. The epitope of Ab-1 contains Ser 252 which is phosphorylated by glycogen synthase kinase-3 (GSK-3) and casein kinase-II (CKII) and results in the inactivation of c-Jun. In dichloroacetate (DCA)-induced tumors, the protein detected by SC-45 was diffusely spread throughout the cytosol, whereas the protein detected by Ab-1 focused around the nuclei. In the liver tissue adjacent to the DCA-induced tumor, SC-45 stained protein in the nuclei, whereas there was no staining in the nuclei with Ab-1. In DCA-treated mice, SC-45 also detected an increased cytosolic expression of protein in cells that surrounded the central vein. This was not detected by Ab-1. Western blot analysis demonstrated that the c-Jun immunoreactive protein that was highly expressed in DCA-induced tumors was 55 kD rather than 39 kD in molecular weight. Interestingly, the apparent concentrations of the proteins detected at 55 kD varied reciprocally in tumors and in surrounding normal tissue. SC-45 detected higher amounts of the 55 kD protein in nontumor tissue, whereas Ab-1 detected higher amounts of the 55 kD protein in tumor tissue. Furthermore, DCA treatment (2 g/L, 8 weeks) significantly reduced the 55 kD protein detected by Ab-1, but the amount reacting with SC-45 was unchanged. An immunoprecipitation experiment suggested that the 55 kD c-Jun immunoreactive protein also reacted with a ubiquitin antibody. Ab-1 was not able to detect c-Jun protein when it was incubated with CKII, suggesting that the Ab-1 detects a form of c-Jun that has been dephosphorylated in the DNA-binding domain. SC-45 has been shown to detect the dephosphorylated form of c-Jun at Thr 91 and Thr 94. The immunological data obtained using these antibodies indicate that they are interacting with different posttranscriptionally modified forms of c-Jun.
Assessing Situation of Inpatient Mental Health Screening and Suicide Prevention of Standard Operating Procedure (SOP)

Objective: To assess situation of Inpatient mental health screening and suicide prevention of standard operating procedure (SOP). Methods: We invest 306 people to join our study from August 2017 to July 2019, the participants contain 128 patients, 128 healthy people and 50 medical workers. The information is collected by interview and questionnaire, that includes basic information of participants, depression assessment, anxiety assessment and medical workers’ suicide prevention cognition score. The questionnaires include simple questionnaire, Self-Rating Anxiety Scale (SAS) and Self-rating depression scale (SDS). Result: In SAS research and SDS research, patient group has higher score than that of healthy people group, that patients were more anxious and depressed than healthy people in this mental health research. And the situation between patient group and healthy people group have big different as the results are statistical significance (p<0.001). In medical workers' suicide prevention cognition test, the test accuracy rates only have approximately 60% in those 3 domains, so medical workers' knowledge of suicide prevention of standard operating procedure (SOP) is far from enough in hospitalization. In particular, suicide prevention measures part has better performance than that of basic knowledge of suicide part (7 out of 12 vs 5 out of 8). Conclusion: The suicide prevention is a serious problem in hospitalized patient, the inpatients have serious mental health problem and medical workers lack related knowledge and skills.
Effect of high intakes of sodium chloride on the utilization of a protein concentrate by sheep. 1. Wool growth

Both the water intakes and wool growth rates of sheep fed on a high protein diet (37% crude protein), consisting mainly of linseed meal, were significantly increased when salt (c. 130 g sodium chloride per day) was given in both the food and drinking water. Offering the food once a day resulted in a higher wool growth response to salt (22%) as compared with offering the food at 3-hr intervals (14%). It is suggested that the effects of salt were due to reduced ruminal degradation of protein, which remained in the rumen for a shorter time than usual when salt was given.
A review of Ascochyta blight of chickpea

Abstract Chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) is an important grain legume crop in Asia, Africa and Central and South America. Ascochyta blight caused by Ascochyta rabiei (Pass.) Lab. is one of the most serious diseases of the crop and severe epidemics have been reported. The available literature on Ascochyta blight is reviewed in order to ascertain the present status of knowledge of the disease and to identify the areas of research which need immediate attention. Distribution, yield losses, symptoms, taxonomy, reproduction, epidemiology and control of the disease are discussed. Further information on sexual reproduction, epidemiology and control is needed.