Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Research progress on germplasm resource exploitation and protection of Macrobrachium nipponense

Oriental freshwater prawn Macrobrachium nipponense is natively distributed in China,Japan,Vietnam and the Far East Region of Russia,etc.In China,it is widely found in the mostly freshwaters,and at the same time it is also the most important commercial species which is popular with the peoples for its nutrition and delicious tastes.In the past and especially before 1950,people directly caught the natural individuals of M.nipponense for use.And since the late 1950s the species has been be artificially cultured gradually.During 1980s-1990s,the culture of the species started developing rapidly for its advantage of widely adaptability and excellent resistance to the environmental stress,as the yields of seawater shrimps declining sharply as a result of the outbreak and spread of its epidemic diseases.But in recent ten years,the natural resources and the germplasm of M.nipponense began to decline because of the heavy fishing of the nature resources,degeneration of living environment and shortage of efficient genetic breeding.In order to maintain the sustainable utilization of the species,we reviewed the research progress on germplasm exploitation and protection of the species in this paper,mainly from their morphology,yielding capabilities,genetics and breeding.And we also put forward the protective strategies of the germplasm resources.All of these were in order to offer the basic information for the deep research and protection of germplasm resources,and even for the scientific breeding of the species.
The expression of multidrug resistance protein 5 and thymydilate synthase on fluorouracil resistance WiDr colon cancer cell line

Background : Colorectal cancer becomes one of the most common cancer in Indonesia. Fluorouracil is an essential drug in colorectal cancer therapy as it has been supplemented in about 69% of current regiments of chemotherapy. However, drug resistance has reduced its clinical applications. Many factors that contribute to fluorouracil resistance have been investigated including overexpression of Multidrug Resistance Protein 5 (MRP 5) and high level expression of Thymidylate Synthase (TS). Therefore, the expression of those proteins may become key indicators to predict the presence of resistance in the model of fluorouracil-resistance-WiDr colon cancer cell line. Objective: The aim of this study is to characterize a 5-FU acquired resistance WiDr colon cancer cell line, focus on the expression of MRP5 and TS. Methods: This study was a post test controlled group design. The expression of MRP5 and TS were analyzed using immunocytochemistry method. Before protein expression analysis, 4 groups of WiDr colon cancer cell line, group 1, 2, 3, and 4 (control) were treated with 4 different concentration of fluorouracil 12.3 I¼M, 6.15 I¼M, 3.08 I¼M, and 0 I¼M respectively. Previous study showed that a significant increased level of IC50 value is observed in group induced with fluorouracil 3.08 I¼M (group 3). Statistical tests for protein expression performed with SPSS version 19 using Kruskall Wallis with 95% confidence level (p<0.05). Results: The expression of MRP5 and TS in the group developed fluorouracil resistance (group 3) were significantly increased compared to control group (p<0.05). In contrast, the other group exposed with higher dose of fluorouracil did not show both significant increased level of IC50 nor significant different of MRP5 and TS expression compared with the control group. Conclusion: The model of fluorouracil-acquired resistant WiDr cell line expresses Thymidilate Synthase and Multidrug Resistance Protein 5. The expressions of these proteins are in accordance with the profile of fluorouracil resistancy.
LDL‐receptor mutations in Europe

We provide additional data on LDLR mutations in the European population, which we recently published in a Review (Dedoussis et al., 2004). Our primary focus, besides pointing out the variability of reported mutations in different European countries, was to illustrate the frequencies of the reported mutations, as far these data were available. Here, we present additional published mutational data for Poland, Bulgaria, and Russia that should have been included in our Review. A Polish cohort of 30 index cases, including 12 families, describing 11 mutations was reported. Among them, four were small deletions, six were missense mutations, and one large deletion between exons 6 and 9 were identified (Górski et al., 1998). The mutations c.654–656delTGG (p.D219del), and c.1775G4A (p.G592E) were found in two families each; all other mutations were only found in one family. More recently Mihaylov et al. (2004) published screening data for specific point mutations within LDLR in 45 unrelated Bulgarian FH patients. This group revealed four missense and one nonsense mutations in eight different carriers. The nonsense mutation reflects a base substitution (c.917C4A, p.S306X) at a nucleotide position, at which two other different base substitutions have already been reported (Hobbs et al., 1992) highlighting this position as a hot spot for point mutations causing FH. In Russia 17 different mutations have been reported so far (http:// iemrams.spb.ru:8101/english/molgen/fh-en/fh-rusen.htm). However, out of all LDL receptor gene mutations in Russia described in this database only the c.654–656delTGG (p.D219del), and the c.478T4G (p.C160G) [C139G]) were recurrent. More comprehensive data were reported in the meantime by Zahkarova et al. (2005). They identified 19 potential new mutations, eight of which have never been reported before. None of the mutations appears in more than two families. Therefore, there is limited information on the frequency of mutations within Russia up to the present.
Erratum: No clinical evidence for performing trough plasma and intracellular imatinib concentrations monitoring in patients with chronic myelogenous leukaemia

“Besides AGP, we and others also found daily IMA dose and being a female as less important additional factors affecting the IMA Ctrough [9,13]. Taken together, the previously mentioned factors and their combination result in high intra-patient variability of the IMA Ctrough, which makes any prediction of treatment response in CML patients on the basis of a single measurement of IMA Ctrough very difficult. ”
Reply:

We appreciate Dr. Fujita’s valuable input regarding an animal model of chronic endotoxemia and the role of regulatory T cells (Tregs) in liver disease. Cani and colleagues recently reported that a high-fat diet increases plasma lipopolysaccharide (LPS) level.1 Chronic infusion of LPS in mice fed a normal diet causes a metabolic response similar to high-fat feeding, including obesity, insulin resistance, and increased liver triglyceride content. In this sense, the high-fat diet mouse model that we use represents a model of chronic endotoxemia. Our acute exogenous LPS experiments merely reflect an exacerbated inflammatory status that helped us to determine the role of Tregs in modulation of hepatic inflammation under a fatty liver condition.2 Tregs express several members of Toll-like receptors (TLR). Exposing Tregs to LPS induces up-regulation of several activation markers and enhances Treg survival and proliferation.3 In addition, LPS treatment increases Treg suppression efficiency in vitro and in vivo. Therefore, it will be interesting to compare the number and the function of hepatic Tregs in the model of chronic exogenous LPS infusion to the model of high-fat diet–induced fatty liver disease.
Theories about the cellular and molecular mechanisms in Alzheimer's disease

Licenciada. Aspirante a Investigadora. Centro de Quimica Farmaceutica. La Habana, Cuba. Doctor en Ciencias Farmaceuticas. Investigador Auxiliar. Centro de Quimica Farmaceutica. La Habana, Cuba. Investigadora Auxiliar. Centro de Quimica Farmaceutica. La Habana, Cuba. Master en Ciencias en Longevidad Satisfactoria. Aspirante a Investigadora. Centro de Quimica Farmaceutica. La Habana, Cuba. Master en Ciencias en Longevidad Satisfactoria. Investigadora Agregada. Profesora Auxiliar. Centro de Quimica Farmaceutica. La Habana, Cuba.
Resistance of Different Tea Cultivars to Empoasca vitis Gthe

【Objective】 The objective of this study is to analyze resistant levels of 9 tea cultivars to small green leafhopper(SGL) Empoasca vitis and to establish foundation for mechanism research in the resistance of various tea cultivars. 【Method】 The population dynamics in tea garden,life cycle,number of laid nymphae per female and nymph survival rate of SGL on different tea cultivars were investigated.Moreover,the feeding behavior of SGL on tea cultivars were obtained by using electrical penetration graph(EPG) technique. 【Result】(1) The population density on Enbiao(EB),Zhushanyihao(ZS),Banzhuyuan(BZY) and Lantian(LT) cultivars were more than Deqing(DQ),Jiande(JD),Changxingzisun(CX) and Juyan(JY). (2) The life cycle duration on DQ,JY,CX,JD and Longjing 43(LJ) were significantly longer than that on EB,BZY and ZS. (3) The number of laid nymphae per female on EB and BZY were significantly more than that on JY,CX,JD and LJ. (4) The difference existed in nymph survival rate on various cultivars.The survival rate of nymphae on EB and ZS were the highest,amounted 55.00% and 50.00% respectively,while the lowest was on JY,amount 32.00%. (5) The total feeding duration on ZS and EB were significantly longer than that on DQ,JY,CX,JD and LJ. (6) The resistant levels of the 9 tea cultivars to SGL were classified into two groups based on the result of cluster analysis according to the life cycle duration,number of laid nymphae per female,nymph survival rate and the feeding duration.The first group,including JY,DQ,LJ,JD and CX,was resistant to the SGL,and the second group was susceptible to the SGL,consisting of LT,BZY,ZS and EB.Generally,the order of resistance level with 9 cultivars from strong to weak were JY DQ,LJ,JD and CX LT,BZY and ZS EB. 【Conclusion】 The natural choice,adaptability and feeding preference of SGL on various cultivars are reflected well based on the dynamics of population density,life cycle,number of laid nymphae per female,nymph survival rate and feeding duration,which are significantly different in the classification of various cultivars in resistant levels to the SGL.
The virtual sphere

The internet and its surrounding technologies hold the promise of reviving the public sphere; however, several aspects of these new technologies simultaneously curtail and augment that potential. First, the data storage and retrieval capabilities of internet-based technologies infuse political discussion with information otherwise unavailable. At the same time, information access inequalities and new media literacy compromise the representativeness of the virtual sphere. Second, internet-based technologies enable discussion between people on far sides of the globe, but also frequently fragmentize political discourse. Third, given the patterns of global capitalism, it is possible that internet-based technologies will adapt themselves to the current political culture, rather than create a new one. The internet and related technologies have created a new public space for politically oriented conversation; whether this public space transcends to a public sphere is not up to the technology itself.
Grand battement kinematics and aesthetics in adolescent recreational dancers: Short term effects of static and dynamic hamstrings stretching

We have studied the kinematics of ballet figures performed by adolescent recreational dancers and determined the most effective muscle stretching modality allowing to increase their physical performance while not harming the aesthetic perception of their motion. Sixteen participants aged between 10 and 19 years were recruited to perform a grand battement, before and after a static or dynamic stretching of hamstring muscles. The three-dimensional kinematics of the grand battement was measured by an optoelectronic system and the aesthetics was scored from a video watched by a jury of professional dancers. Our results show that stretching has a significant impact on grand battement kinematics, and that the most important modifications are induced by dynamic stretching rather than static stretching. Dynamic stretching significantly improves the explosive aspects of the movement (duration and maximal speed), but leads to a significant reduction of its smoothness (jerk). Significant correlations between kinematic parameters and aesthetic scores have been observed, one of them being a positive correlation between thigh's range of motion and total aesthetic score. These correlations can serve as a reference for movement analysis experts, dancers and their teachers to improve physical performance required by the standards of today's dance practice without altering the corresponding aesthetic judgment.
Early stopping in clinical PET studies: How to reduce expense and exposure

Clinical positron emission tomography (PET) research is costly and entails exposing participants to radioactivity. Researchers should therefore aim to include just the number of subjects needed to fulfill the purpose of the study. In this tutorial we show how to apply sequential Bayes Factor testing in order to stop the recruitment of subjects in a clinical PET study as soon as enough data have been collected to make a conclusion. By using simulations, we demonstrate that it is possible to stop a study early, while keeping the number of erroneous conclusions low. We then apply sequential Bayes Factor testing to a real PET data set and show that it is possible to obtain support in favor of an effect while simultaneously reducing the sample size with 30%. Using this procedure allows researchers to reduce expense and radioactivity exposure for a range of effect sizes relevant for PET research.
Surface texture limits transfer of S. aureus, T4 bacteriophage, influenza B virus and human coronavirus

Spread of pathogens on contaminated surfaces plays a key role in disease transmission. Surface technologies that control pathogen transfer can help control fomite transmission and are of great interest to public health. Here, we report a novel bead transfer method for evaluating fomite transmission in common laboratory settings. We show that this method meets several important criteria for quantitative test methods, including reasonableness, relevancy, resemblance, responsiveness, and repeatability, and therefore may be adaptable for standardization. In addition, this method can be applied to a wide variety of pathogens including bacteria, phage, and human viruses. Using the bead transfer method, we demonstrate that an engineered micropattern limits transfer of Staphylococcus aureus by 97.8% and T4 bacteriophage by 93.0% on silicone surfaces. Furthermore, the micropattern significantly reduces transfer of influenza B virus and human coronavirus on silicone and polypropylene surfaces. Our results highlight the potential of using surface texture as a valuable new strategy in combating infectious diseases. Disease transmission often occurs through contact with contaminated surfaces, called fomites. Efforts to reduce this method of fomite transmission include surface cleaning, personal hygiene, alteration of habits, and novel technologies to reduce pathogen spread. This manuscript presents a novel method for the consistent contamination of surfaces to mimic the transmission of pathogens via fomites. Using this method, we present a surface texture modeled on shark skin that significantly reduces the transfer of a variety of pathogens, including Staphylococcus aureus, influenza B virus, and human coronavirus 229E. Utilization of novel technologies to limit pathogen spread can enhance existing methods of disease mitigation.
Some Aspects of the Early Life History of the Redlip Blenny, Ophioblennius atlanticus (Teleostei: Blenniidae)

Eggs and larvae of Ophioblennius atlanticus macclurei were collected at Barbados. Brief descriptions of embryos at certain times are given. Hatching took place after sunset, 106-112 h following spawning, at 29 C. The mouth is poorly developed, so commencement of feeding is delayed. A distinctive Y-shaped pattern of ventral melanophores is present. The anus of the protolarva and early mesolarva is positioned at mid-body; ultimately, it lies nearer to the head. Fanglike teeth appear early, to suggest a planktivorous diet. Eight preopercular spines develop, which disappear in metalarvae. Metalarvae return to the adult habitat from the ichthyoplankton as recruits. They are transparent, except for the coelom, which is opaque with silvery pigmentation. They have ceased to feed, but have accumulated large stores of fat in their livers, which will support them through metamorphosis. Comb-teeth begin to erupt in late metalarvae. Metamorphonts reside in crevices in the substrate, which will become the centers of interstitial territories, from which juveniles will attempt to establish adult territories. Sexual maturity comes at ca. 50 mm SL, marked by development of distinctive genital papillae and asymmetry of the caudal fin.
Analysis of a forward masking paradigm proposed to estimate cochlear compression using an auditory nerve model and signal detection theory

The healthy human auditory system has a large dynamic range. An “active mechanism”, presumably due to the electromotility of the outer hair cells in the cochlea, leads to level-dependent amplification of basilar membrane (BM) vibration and a compressive BM input/output function. Different methods for estimating this compressive function based on behavioural forward masking have been suggested. These methods are based on the assumption that BM processing can be isolated from the response of the overall system and that the forward masking onto the probe is different for onand off-frequency maskers. In the present study, a computational model of the auditory nerve (AN) in combination with methods from signal detection theory was used to test these assumptions. The simulated AN response was quantified in terms of rate and synchrony for different AN fibre types. Contribution of different tonotopic regions to overall sensitivity to the stimuli were analysed. The results show that onand off-frequency maskers produce similar forward masking onto the probe. The simulation results suggest that the estimate of compression based on the behavioural experiment cannot be derived from sensitivity at the level of the AN but requires additional contributions, consistent with physiological studies.
Peach Floral Bud Break and Abscisic Acid Content as Affected by Mist, Light, and Temperature Treatments during Rest1

Mist, low light, and low temperature during dormancy significantly promoted subsequent floral bud growth in peach (Prunus persica L. Batsch) while high temperature and high light intensity significantly decreased it. Chilling hours at 10°C bud temperature were half as effective as hours at 6°. No significant changes occurred in abscisic acid (ABA) levels in floral bud scales. ABA content of primordia within misted buds was significantly lower than of primordia in other treatments. The data support the concept that fog influences bud rest through temperature, light, and leaching effects. Results also indicate that ABA content in buds may not be the primary factor that determines termination of rest.
Construction of University Makerspace from the Perspective of Open Innovation

In the context of knowledge-based economy, with the booming of the maker movement, the open innovation theory based on collaborative innovation and user innovation has promoted the makerspace as a significant innovation medium and an emerging form of economy. The review of the maker movement and the analysis of the meaning, operation mechanism and external environment of open innovation can justify the idea that open innovation will become an important thrust to the new round of technological revolution. Based on theoretical research, this paper attempts to explore the use of open innovation theory to provide guidance for the construction of makerspace, cultivate the maker culture, and promote the reform of innovation and entrepreneurship education in application-oriented universities.
Validation of an Innovative Groundwater Contaminant Flux Measurement Method

The ability to measure groundwater contaminant flux is increasingly being recognized as crucial in order to prioritize contaminated site cleanups, estimate the efficiency of remediation technologies, measure rates of natural attenuation, and apply proper source terms to model groundwater contaminant transport. An innovative mass flux measurement method using horizontal flow treatment wells (HFTWs) was developed recently to compensate for the disadvantages of other flux measurement methods that are being used. Flux measurement methods can be categorized as either point methods or integral methods. As the name suggests, point methods measure flux at a specific point or points in the subsurface. To increase confidence in the accuracy of the measurement, it is necessary to increase the number of points (and therefore, the cost) of the sampling network. Integral methods avoid this disadvantage by using pumping wells to interrogate large volumes of the subsurface. Unfortunately, integral methods are expensive because they require that large volumes of contaminated water be extracted and managed. HFTWs combine the advantages of each of the two approaches described above; that is, it¡ ̄s an integral technique that samples a large vlume of the subsurface while not requiring extraction of contaminated water from the subsurface. In this study, the accuracy of the HFTW flux measurement method was quantified by applying the method in an artificial aquifer, where the flux being measured was known. Two HFTW approaches, the multi-dipole approach and the tracer test approach, were
Effect of selected botanical extracts against Curvularia Sp . and Meloidogyne incognita ( J 2 )

Antifungal activity of aqueous extract of leaves and flowers of Plumeria rubra, Chromolaena odorata, Rauwolfia serpentina, Ocimum tenuiflorum, Ziziphus mauritiana, Tectona grandis, Catharanthus roseus, Lantana camara, Peltophorum pterocarpum was tested in vitro and it showed antifungal activity against the plant pathogen Curvularia sp. and Meloidogyne incognita. As compared to the control, the extract of Chromolaena odorata was found to be most effective to inhibit the growth of the Curvularia sp. and also showed the highest emergence of juveniles (J2) of Meloidogyne incognita released from the egg masses. The best inhibitory effect which showed 40.6% reduction as compared to the control was Chromolaena odorata against Curvularia sp. whereas Chromolaena odorata at 99.63% also showed the highest significant reduction released from the egg masses of Meloidogyne incognita of J2. The experiment was laid out in randomized complete block design with three replications and nine treatments.
Fusion of CNN and LBP-HOG Features for Face Detection

— Face recognition is widely used in security based applications. Even mobile phones and other such gadgets consider face as one of the most secure biometric application. It is necessary that the biometric authentication system needs to prevent sophisticated spoofing challenges. Advantages of deep learning, LBP-HOG and convolutional neural network are used in spoof detection.