Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Audit Committee Members’ Reputation Incentives and Their Effectiveness in Monitoring the Financial Reporting Process

We examine whether the reputation incentives of audit committee members are associated with their effectiveness in monitoring the financial reporting process. Prior research assumes that audit committee members allocate their effort proportionately across all memberships on which they serve. However, our findings suggest that audit committee members with multiple audit committee memberships tend to focus their attention on the memberships that provide them with the greatest reputation incentives. Specifically, firms with a larger proportion of audit committee members where the membership is the most prominent are associated with higher financial reporting quality and more effective monitoring of internal control. Additional tests reveal that audit committee members' reputation incentives are driving our results rather than independent non‐audit committee members' reputation incentives. We conclude that reputation is a strong incentive for audit committee members, such that it influences their monitoring effectiveness over the financial reporting process.
Stable isotope mixing models fail to estimate the diet of an avian predator

ABSTRACT Predation can shape community structure, so understanding the diet of predators is an important aspect of ecology. Stable isotope analysis using Bayesian mixing models is a potentially powerful method of estimating diet, but results are often ambiguous. A commonly cited advantage of Bayesian mixing models is the ability to include informative priors, which can improve precision and accuracy of mixing model results. However, factors such as a large number of potential prey and high amounts of variation and correlation among isotopic signatures of prey can lead to imprecise estimate of diet when Bayesian mixing models are used. In this study, we tested the efficacy of using Bayesian mixing models for stable isotopes to estimate the diet of Arctic Peregrine Falcon (Falco peregrinus tundrius) nestlings in Nunavut, Canada, consuming a diversity of terrestrial and marine prey. In addition to stable isotopes, we also estimated diet composition by monitoring peregrine nests with motion-sensitive cameras. Stable isotope analysis was conducted using blood plasma samples collected weekly from nestlings and tissue samples from all prey groups they consumed. Uninformed mixing models, based on stable isotopes alone, had wide credible intervals around diet estimates, which indicated lemmings (Lemmus trimucronatus and Dicrostonyx groenlandicus) were the main contributor to diets. In contrast, diet estimated with motion-sensitive cameras had high precision and indicated that insectivorous birds were the dominant prey consumed. When informative priors from motion-sensitive camera data were included in Bayesian mixing models, resulting diet estimates had narrow credible intervals and generally reflected the priors. We conclude that with our data stable isotope analysis alone is inaccurate for monitoring the diet of Arctic Peregrine Falcons, but motion-sensitive cameras at nest sites provide a viable alternative method.
Selection of Acid Tolerant Purple Nonsulfur Bacteria for Application in Agriculture

To screen acid tolerant purple nonsulfur bacteria (PNSB) isolated from peat swamp forests for their abilities to produce plant growth promoting substances (aminolevulinic acid: ALA, siderophores, indole-3-acetic acid: IAA) and also release ammonium from N2 fixation. Among 10 PNSB isolates grown in basic isolation medium (BIM), pH 4.5 found that strain KKSSR91 was the most effective to release ALA and siderophores under microaerobic light conditions; while strain KTPWG11 exhibited highest production of siderophores under aerobic dark conditions. Based on ALA production in medium containing 60 mM glycine, 4 PNSB isolates were selected for further studies and found that strain KTSSR92 produced highest IAA at 36.9 mg/L. All of them were able to release NH4, but no activity to solubilize phosphate. In addition, maximal ALA production in the medium supplemented with glycine by strain KKSSR91 was 2.89 mg/L at 4000 lux light intensity. Seed germination index (GI) of kidney bean (Phasecolus vulgaris L.) test using strain KKSSR91 at 1 g fresh biomass/L, pH 4.5 was 68.81% compared with a control in distilled water as only 58.68%. Strain KKSSR91 was identified using 16S rRNA sequencing and found that it showed 99% similarity with Rhodopseudomonas
Screening Turkish maize landraces for kernel oil content and oil quality traits

Abstract In this study, maize landraces, previously collected from different regions of Turkey through a national maize breeding project, were screened for kernel oil content and oil quality. After a seed reproduction in 2017, the screening trial was conducted in 2018, using an Augmented Experimental Design with 192 local maize populations along with seven check hybrids. Data were collected on oil, oleic acid, linoleic acid, monounsaturated (MUFA), polyunsaturated and saturated fatty acids, total carotenoid and total tocopherol contents. The results showed that there was a considerable amount of genetic variation among the Turkish maize landraces for almost all the traits investigated in this study. Some of the evaluated landraces are available that could be considered as high oil variety or special genotypes in terms of certain oil quality traits. Landraces had significantly higher values than checks for oil content, oleic acid, MUFA and tocopherol contents. Genetic analyses suggest that the kernel quality traits could be successfully manipulated using the investigated plant material. Heritability values were found high for all the traits of interest, except for saturated fatty acid and total carotenoid content. The promising landraces detected in this study could be exploited in future breeding programmes upon further evaluations at the population level.
An integrative approach to species discrimination in the Anagrus atomus group sensu stricto (Hymenoptera: Mymaridae), with a description of a new species

Egg parasitoids of the genus Anagrus Haliday (Hymenoptera: Mymaridae) are natural enemies of many pests around the world. We used an integrative approach to characterize some species belonging to the Anagrus atomus group, using specimens reared from leafhoppers infesting some Lamiaceae. Starting from morphological identifications based on available keys, we carried out a multi-locus genetic characterization using phylogenetic and species delimitation analyses, and integrated it with biological and morphometric evidence. This approach revealed the existence of a new species, A. nepetellae sp. nov., here described along with its phenological traits. The approach also allowed us to characterize the expected taxonomic stability of other putative species within the group. We propose two new species groups called the atomus group sensu stricto and the vilis group, with the goal of streamlining the taxonomy of the atomus group. We also present a key for the identification of females of the European species of the atomus group sensu stricto. Some specimens show heterozygosity in 28S-D2 sequences, suggesting hybridization between A. atomus and A. nepetellae, which, if it is common between other species as well, could partly explain the taxonomic problems in the genus Anagrus. DNA sequencing of specimens reared by the same biofactory at different times suggests involuntary contamination leading to the displacement of a laboratory strain of A. atomus by A. nepetellae, which may have resulted from undetected partial reproductive compatibility.http://zoobank.org/urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:DFCD7654-5AA5-4E4F-AE48-24377BAACEFE
Main methods of processing and preserving alternative feeds in tropical áreas. Cuban experience

This study shows the main results achieved in recent years in processing and preserving alternative feeds for its conservation for months, in order to use them later, so as to avoid deficiencies in the feeding of domestic animals. It also analyzes the creation of a new alternative feed for pigs in silage shape, produced from a mixture of B molasses from sugar cane, tubers and roots, saccharomyces cream and vinasse from alcohol distilleries. The importance of this feed for tropical areas, where there is not an efficient production cereals, is valued, so that their partial or total substitution as an energy source results in economic and environmental benefits. This study may contribute to spread the results and to increase the efficiency of pork production in tropical areas. Key words: non-conventional feeding, pigs, products, by-products, residues
Antifungal effects of six herbal extracts against Aspergillus sp. and compared to amphotericin B and nystatin

Article history: Received 30 November 2017 Received in revised form 22 April 2018 Accepted 27 April 2018 Aspergillus is a filamentous fungus of wide distribution having widespread species diversity. Among pathogenic species of Aspergillus, Aspergillus fumigatus, Aspergillus niger, and Aspergillus flavus are regarded as the most important pathogenic agents. The aim of this research is to study the antifungal effects of Artemisia dracunculus L, Achillea wilhelmsii C. Koch, Bunium persicum, Cuminum cyminum L, Zataria multiflora Boiss, and Satureja hortensis extracts against Aspergillus Sp. The herbal extracts were prepared using maceration method. 50gr of ground plant was introduced into a 1-litre flask and macerated with 400ml of 70% ethanol for 24h and then was shaken on shaker. Afterwards, different concentrations of the extract were prepared in dimethyl sulfoxide solvent (DMSO). The extracts were filtered and sterilized. Suspension of each fungus was separately prepared with 1×106 CFU/ml concentration. The antifungal effects of the extracts were measured through NCCLS protocols and Broth dilution method. The control and comparison were done between the antifungal effects of the mentioned herbal extracts and Amphotericin B and Nystatin. The results indicated that the range of MIC and MFC values of these drugs was significantly higher (p≤0.05) compared to the prepared herbal extracts of different dilutions and control group of drug solvent, too. Results showed that the extracts of all herbal extracts have antifungal properties against Aspergillus sp.
Fruit and vegetable juice formulation for blood pressure control in hypertensive elderly

Backgrounds: The elderly is an age group that is very vulnerable to suffer from hypertension. In addition to drugs, blood pressure can also be controlled by managing diet. Some fruits and vegetables that are believed to reduce blood pressure are watermelons, cucumbers, tomatoes, mustard greens, papaya and Ambonese bananas. Ingredients that play a role include mineral potassium, calcium and magnesium. Objectives: This study aims to look at the effectiveness of vegetable and fruit juice formulations on controlling blood pressure in elderly hypertension. Methods: The research method is a Quasi Experiment with a one-way analysis of variance analysis design based on Kruskal-Wallis with a significance level of 5% (α = 0.05) and a confidence level of 95%. The treatment group was given intervention in the form of giving vegetable and fruit juices by controlling food standards to produce an effective standardization of vegetable and fruit juices in controlling blood pressure. The study was conducted at Tresna Werdha Budi Sejahtera Social Home. The study population was all elderly hypertension at Tresna Werdha Budi Sejahtera Orphanage as many as 108 people with the study sample using purposive sampling techniques as many as 81 people where there were 27 juice Indonesian Journal of Nutrition and Dietetics Vol. 8, No. 1, 2020: 45-53 Available online at: htt ://ejournal.almaata. ac.id/ind x.php/IJND DOI : http://dx.doi. org/10.21927/ijnd.2020. 8(1). 45-53 46 Niken Widyastuti Hariati, Rijanti Abdurrachim, Vol 8 No. 1, 2020: 45-53 formula combinations (9 combinations of formula A, 9 combinations of formula B, 9 combinations of formula C). Giving each combination given a pause one day to see changes in blood pressure 6 hours before and after the intervention. Results: The results showed that the most effective formulas of vegetable and fruit juices in controlling systolic blood pressure in the elderly were the formula group B31 (tomatoes, mustard greens and watermelons) and B32 (tomatoes, mustards and ambon bananas) with p = 0.046 or a confidence level> 95% (α=0,05). Conclusion: Further tests need to be carried out with a larger number of samples of these two vegetable and fruit juice formulas to see how far the effectiveness of blood pressure reduction is produced and the results of this study can be taken into consideration in the regulation of diet menus in the elderly with hypertension.
PlaScope: a targeted approach to assess the plasmidome of Escherichia coli strains

Plasmid prediction may be of great interest when studying bacteria such as Enterobacteriaceae. Indeed many resistance and virulence genes are located on such replicons and can have major impact in terms of pathogenicity and spreading capacities. Beyond strains outbreak, plasmids outbreaks have been reported especially for some extended-spectrum beta-lactamase or carbapenemase producing Enterobacteriaceae. Several tools are now available to explore the “plasmidome” from whole-genome sequence data, with many interesting and various approaches. However recent benchmarks have highlighted that none of them succeed to combine high sensitivity and specificity. With this in mind we developed PlaScope, a targeted approach to recover plasmidic sequences in Escherichia coli. Based on Centrifuge, a metagenomic classifier, and a custom database containing complete sequences of chromosomes and plasmids from various curated databases, it performs a classification of contigs from an assembly according to their predicted location. Compared to other plasmid classifiers, Plasflow and cBar, it achieves better recall (0.87), specificity (0.99), precision (0.96) and accuracy (0.98) on a dataset of 70 genomes containing plasmids. Finally we tested our method on a dataset of E. coli strains exhibiting an elevated rate of extended-spectrum beta-lactamase coding gene chromosomal integration, and we were able to identify 20/21 of these events. Moreover virulence genes and operons predicted locations were also in agreement with the literature. Similar approaches could also be developed for other well-characterized bacteria such as Klebsiella pneumoniae. Data summary All the genomes were downloaded from the National Center for Biotechnology Information Sequence Read Archive and Genome database (Supplementary table 1 and 2). The source code of PlaScope is available on Github (https://github.com/GuilhemRoyer/PlaScope). Importance Plasmid exploration could be of great interest since these replicons are pivotal in the adaptation of bacteria to their environment. They are involved in the exchange of many genes within and between species, with a significant impact on antibiotic resistance and virulence in particular. However, plasmid characterization has been a laborious task for many years, requiring complex conjugation or electroporation manipulations for example. With the advent of whole genome sequencing techniques, access to these sequences is now potentially easier provided that appropriate tools are available. Many softwares have been developed to explore the plasmidome of a large variety of bacteria, but they rarely managed to combine sensitivity and specificity. Here, we focus on a single species, E. coli, and we use the many data available to overcome this problem. With our tool called PlaScope, we achieve high performance compared with two other classifiers, Plasflow and cBar, and we demonstrate the utility of such an approach to determine the location of virulence or resistance genes. We think that PlaScope could be very useful in the analysis of specific and well-known bacteria.
In Vivo Assessment of the Tensor Vastus Intermedius Cross-sectional Area Using Ultrasonography

LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: 2B SUMMARY Background. There is growing evidence that the quadriceps muscle group includes a fifth head, the tensor of vastus intermedius (TVI). The purpose of this study was to quantify the anatomic cross-sectional area (CSA) of the TVI using ultrasound. Methods. Ultrasonography scans were taken from 21 young males and females at rest, at 0° (= full extension), 45° and at 90° of knee flexion and they were repeated a week after to establish reliability. Measurements of the CSA were obtained from the most proximal and the most distal part of the muscle belly and from three different parts toward the course of the tendon. Results. US evaluation of the CSA displayed high reliability with an intraclass coefficient (ICC3,3) ranging from 0.85 to 0.99 and a standard error of measurement ranging from 0.0019 to 0,2789 mm2. Analysis of variance indicated that the TVI muscle belly was larger proximally than distally and it was smaller at full extension compared with greater flexion angles (p < 0.05). The tendon CSA was greater proximally than middle and distal measurement sites (p <0.05) but it did not differ between various knee flexion angles. Conclusions. Future studies on the quadriceps muscle function and morphology should include examination of the TVI.
Experimental Analysis of the Influence of Depth of Cut, Time of Cut, and Machining Speed on Vibration Frequency during Turning of AL1060 Alloy

Machining vibration is a significant concern in the manufacturing industry, as vibration cannot be eliminated during metal to metal turning operations. It can be controlled to the minimum when a proper study is carryout before the turning process. This study aims to experimentally analyse the effect of the individual parameters such as depth of cut (DOC) and cutting speed have on the machining vibration during turning of AL1060 alloy. A computer numerical control (CNC) program was applied to investigate the effects of the different depths of cut such as 1 mm, 1.5 mm, 2 mm, 2.5 mm, and 3 mm. Moreover, cutting speed of 200 m/min, 350 m/min, 500 m/min, and 600 m/min with a constant feed rate of 5 mm/rev have on the machining vibration during the turning process. DTO 32105 frequency analyser an MXC-1600 digital frequency counter was employed to measure the machining vibration for a specific time between 15 seconds to 500 seconds. The result shows that as the depth of cut continually increases, the machining vibration increases and the minimum machining vibration of 131.8 Hz was obtained at cutting speed of 600 m/min, depth of cut of 1 mm, and cutting time of 15 sec. The Pareto chart was further used to analysis the average vibration frequency at the optimised cutting speed of 600 m/min. The surface quality and the cutting tool life can be significantly enhanced with the study of the individual machining parameters. of AISI4140 steel. The study made use of the DNMA 432
Agricultural product E‐commerce recommendation system based on neural factorization machine in smart cities

Recently, e‐commerce becomes a new way to sell agricultural products, such as orange, apple, tea, rice. For the farmers, they can obtain more earnings by avoid intermediate links. For the customers, they have more choices and can buy what they want. The e‐commerce directly links farmers and customers together and recommends personalized agricultural products to customers. In order to recommend proper agricultural products to customers, we propose an agricultural product e‐commerce recommendation system in which neural factorization Machine (NFM) is used as recommendation algorithm. NFM combines factorization machine (FM) and neural network (NN) and captures high‐order information between features. Therefore, the generalization of NFM is better than previous recommendation algorithms. Experimental results show that NFM can improve the recommendation accuracy of the agricultural product e‐commerce system about 3%‐4%.
Effect of Agrobacterium Infection Time, Co-Cultivation and Cell Density on in vitro Response in Hypocotyl of Eggplant (Solanum melongena L.)

The present study purports to assess the effect of Agrobacterium infection time, co-cultivation and cell density on in vitro response in hypocotyl explants of eggplant (brinjal) cv. Manjarigota. Agrobacterium(OD600 0.3-0.5) infection for 10-15 minutes (24.44±2.34%) was found to be optimum, while, higher or lower infection-time resulted in reduced callus initiation, shoot regeneration and explant survival. Explants with no (only Agrobacterium infection) or short (1 day) co-cultivation, showed reduced callus-initiation response and turned yellow, with no regeneration. Callus-initiation response increased from Day 1 (96.66±03.33%), and reached a maximum on Day 2 and Day 3 (100±00.00%). It decreased on further increase in co-cultivation time. Explants co-cultivated for three days showed highest regeneration response (30.00±02.96%) which thereafter reduced with further increase in co-cultivation time. Explants infected with Agrobacterium culture at 0.05 OD600 showed hardly any regeneration, and turned yellow and necrotic on the selection medium. Highest regeneration response (28.33±02.33%) was obtained in explants infected with 0.1 OD600 culture, and this gradually reduced as celldensity increased (upto 1.0 OD600), becoming zero in explants treated with cultures at 1.5 OD600 or above. Agrobacterium overgrowth was noticed on explants infected with cultures of 0.5 OD600 and above. Exposure of hypocotyl explants to higher cell-density, longer infection-time and prolonged co-cultivation regime resulted in severe necrosis of explants; time taken for development of Agrobacterium overgrowth was less with increase in the level of these factors. Regenerated shoots were healthy, green, elongated and showed root induction on culture medium containing Kanamycin.