Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder and Incidence of Coronary Heart Disease

Objectives—To determine whether posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is associated with coronary heart disease (CHD) using a prospective twin study design and objective measures of CHD. Background—It has long been hypothesized that PTSD increases the risk of CHD but empirical evidence using objective measures is limited. Methods—We conducted a prospective study of middle-aged male twins from the Vietnam Era Twin Registry. Among twin pairs without self-reported CHD at baseline, we selected pairs discordant for a lifetime history of PTSD, pairs discordant for a lifetime history of major depression, and pairs without either condition. All underwent a clinic visit after a median followup of 13 years. Outcomes included clinical events (myocardial infarction, other hospitalizations for CHD and coronary revascularization) and quantitative measures of myocardial perfusion by [N13] positron emission tomography, including a stress total severity score (STSS) and coronary flow reserve (CFR). Results—A total of 562 twins (281 pairs) were included with mean age of 42.6 yrs at baseline. The incidence of CHD was more than double in twins with PTSD (22.6%) than those without PTSD (8.9%; p<0.001). The association remained robust after adjusting for lifestyle factors, other © 2013 American College of Cardiology Foundation. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. Address for Correspondence: Viola Vaccarino, MD, PhD, Professor, Department of Epidemiology and Professor of Medicine, Emory University, 1518 Clifton Rd, Room 3011, Atlanta, GA 30322, Phone: 404-727-8710; Fax: 404-727-8737; viola.vaccarino@emory.edu. Disclosures: Dr. Tracy Faber was a consultant and shareholder, and received royalties from Syntermed Inc, which licenses the Emory Cardiac Toolbox, used for some analyses in this study. None of the other authors have disclosures of potential conflicts of interest. Dr. Faber is deceased. Publisher's Disclaimer: This is a PDF file of an unedited manuscript that has been accepted for publication. As a service to our customers we are providing this early version of the manuscript. The manuscript will undergo copyediting, typesetting, and review of the resulting proof before it is published in its final citable form. Please note that during the production process errors may be discovered which could affect the content, and all legal disclaimers that apply to the journal pertain. NIH Public Access Author Manuscript J Am Coll Cardiol. Author manuscript; available in PMC 2014 September 10. Published in final edited form as: J Am Coll Cardiol. 2013 September 10; 62(11): . doi:10.1016/j.jacc. 2013.04. 085. N IH PA Athor M anscript N IH PA Athor M anscript N IH PA Athor M anscript CHD risk factors and major depression (OR=2.2, 95% confidence interval, 1.2-4.1). STSS was significantly higher (+ 95%, p=0.001) and CFR lower (−0.21, p=0.02) in twins with PTSD than those without, denoting worse myocardial perfusion. Associations were only mildly attenuated within 117 twin pairs discordant for PTSD. Conclusions—Among Vietnam era veterans, PTSD is a risk factor for CHD.
Predicting Surface Ozone Concentrations using Support Vector Regression

Ozone layer diminution has been one of the major environmental problems so far. Such problem calls for a reliable monitoring mechanism to aid the strategic long-term remedy. However, it is challenging to develop a reliable prediction model due to the complexity of the relationships among the main attributes involved. Therefore, the causal attributes to the problem require an innovative modeling scheme. In this study we will investigate the application of support vector Regression (SVR) for predicting the surface Ozone concentrations. Several SVR models were developed using different kernel functions. The developed prediction models are based on limited number of input attributes which are atmospheric temperature, relative humidity and Nitrogen-dioxide. Apart from the complexity of the adopted approach, models are evaluated and compared using different measurement criteria. [Faris H. , Ghatasheh N. , Rodan A. , Abu-Faraj M. Predicting Surface Ozone Concentrations using Support Vector Regression. Life Sci J 2014;11(6):126-131]. (ISSN:1097-8135). http://www.lifesciencesite. com. 18
NO MORE ACTIVE GALACTIC NUCLEI IN CLUMPY DISKS THAN IN SMOOTH GALAXIES AT z ∼ 2 IN CANDELS/3D-HST

We use CANDELS imaging, 3D-HST spectroscopy, and Chandra X-ray data to investigate if active galactic nuclei (AGNs) are preferentially fueled by violent disk instabilities funneling gas into galaxy centers at 1.3 < z < 2.4. We select galaxies undergoing gravitational instabilities using the number of clumps and degree of patchiness as proxies. The CANDELS visual classification system is used to identify 44 clumpy disk galaxies, along with mass-matched comparison samples of smooth and intermediate morphology galaxies. We note that despite being mass-matched and having similar star formation rates, the smoother galaxies tend to be smaller disks with more prominent bulges compared to the clumpy galaxies. The lack of smooth extended disks is probably a general feature of the z ∼ 2 galaxy population, and means we cannot directly compare with the clumpy and smooth extended disks observed at lower redshift. We find that z ∼ 2 clumpy galaxies have slightly enhanced AGN fractions selected by integrated line ratios (in the mass-excitation method), but the spatially resolved line ratios indicate this is likely due to extended phenomena rather than nuclear AGNs. Meanwhile, the X-ray data show that clumpy, smooth, and intermediate galaxies have nearly indistinguishable AGN fractions derived from both individual detections and stacked non-detections. The data demonstrate that AGN fueling modes at z ∼ 1.85—whether violent disk instabilities or secular processes—are as efficient in smooth galaxies as they are in clumpy galaxies.
Retrospective Study of Cholecystectomy Specimens

DOI: 10.21276/sjpm.2018. 3.4. 2 Abstract: Surgical resection of gall bladder is a common surgery and the most common indication for it, is inflammation. Incidental diagnosis of malignancy in such specimens changes the entire perspective of future management for the patient as gall bladder carcinoma is a malignancy with poor prognosis and high fatality. The aim of the study is to study the clinicopathological to study the clinic pathological correlation of the cholecystectomy specimens received in our pathology laboratory. This was a retrospective study over a period of 2 years from June 2015 to May 2017. The case reports were reviewed and data collected. The age and sex incidence, the presenting complaint with duration, the investigations done, the clinical diagnosis and histological diagnosis were analysed. A total of 200 cases of gall bladder were received in the lab during the study period. About 65% were women and the age group commonly involved was 40 to 60yrs. The most common presenting symptom was right upper quadrant pain. The clinical diagnosis correlated with the histopathological diagnosis in 99% of patients while it was different in two cases (1%). Both the cases were adenocarcinoma of gall bladder diagnosed incidentally during histopathological examination. Though the two patients had had CT done preoperatively, gall bladder malignancy was diagnosed histopathologically only. This stresses the importance of meticulous examination of gall bladder specimens and the importance of examining the surgically resected margins of the gall bladders.
Synthesis of High-Molecular Weight Polyether Polyols with Double Metal Cyanide Catalysts

Instead of Co, very active catalysts were obtained with cyanocobaltate complexes of Fe, Cr, Pt, Ir [1–7]. These catalysts have a very high efficiency for propylene oxide (PO) polymerisation, initiated by hydroxyl groups, leading to high-molecular weight (MW) polyether polyols with very low unsaturation. The best DMC catalyst is based on zinc hexacyanocobaltate [2–47], combining the efficiency with the accessibility and low cost of raw materials. The DMC catalysts with the Structure 5.1 were obtained by the reaction of an aqueous solution of potassium hexacyanocobaltate K3[Co(CN)6] [1–7, 9–34] or of an aqueous solution of hexacyanocobaltic acid [2, 3, 37], with an aqueous solution of ZnCl2, at around 25–40 °C. The zinc hexacyanocobaltate precipitated as a white suspension:
Experimental and numerical investigation of water depths around a manhole under drainage conditions

This study uses a physical model to quantify shallow water depths around a scaled manhole during drainage (surface to sewer flow exchange) conditions and through a scaled manhole. A series of tests have been conducted within an experimental facility over a range of steady-state (flow exchange rate) conditions. The datasets have been used to validate both a 2D Finite Volume Model and a 2D Finite Difference Model. The results show a very close agreement between experimentally observed and numerically modelled flow depths irrespective of the flow exchange between the surface and the sewer system. The results provide increased confidence on the reliability of these two numerical methods to model surface to sewer flow under different steady state hydraulic conditions.
Backtracking Strategies for Accelerated Descent Methods with Smooth Composite Objectives

We present and analyse a backtracking strategy for a general Fast Iterative Shrinkage/Thresholding Algorithm which has been recently proposed in (Chambolle, Pock, 2016) for strongly convex objective functions. Differently from classical Armijo-type line searching, our backtracking rule allows for local increasing and decreasing of the descent step size (i.e. proximal parameter) along the iterations. For such strategy accelerated convergence rates are proved and numerical results are shown for some exemplar imaging problems.
Improving dissolution profile of poorly water-soluble drug using non-ordered mesoporous silica

The aim of the study was to increase dissolution rate of atorvastatin by the use of mesoporous silica SYLOID® 244 FP. The poorly soluble drug atorvastatin was adsorbed on and/or into SYLOID® 244 FP in the ratios 1:1, 1:1.1. 5, 1:2, 1:2.5, 1:3 and 1:3.5 via a wetness impregnation method. The absence of crystalline form and presence of hydrogen bond interaction between atorvastatin and SYLOID® 244 FP is done by Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). The atorvastatin loaded matrix lacked in the crystalline form of atorvastatin and it showed improvement in the dissolution rate of ATC. The flowability of the atorvastatin loaded matrix powder was evaluated by bulk density, Carr’s index and angle of repose. This matrix was then processed into a tablet by direct compression method. A 32 full factorial design was applied to investigate the combined effect of two formulation variables volume of ethanol and amount of SYLOID® 244 FP. The tablets were evaluated for hardness, friability, drug content and drug dissolution studies. The solubility of atorvastatin-loaded matrix was increased up to 4.28 times. Atorvastatin tablet prepared from drug-loaded silica may provide a feasible approach for development of an oral formulation for this poorly water-soluble drug.
U.S. Senate Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation Hearing on ‘The Case for Climate Change Action’ October 1, 2003

Projections of future climate change made using state-of-the-art climate models suggest that changes over the coming century will be much larger than experienced over the past 100 years. The case for taking action to mitigate these human-induced (or ‘anthropogenic’) changes rests on the credibility of these models. There is a vast scientific literature on the development and testing of these models, summarized in the recent ‘Third Assessment Report’ (henceforth ‘TAR’) produced under the auspices of Working Group 1 of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC, Houghton et al., 2001). There are two main methods of model testing – comparing model simulations of the present state of the climate system (such as the geographical patterns of temperature, rainand snowfall, sealevel pressure, etc.) against observations, and comparing model simulations of past changes in climate with observations.
PRIMARY LIVER CANCER: CLINICAL ASPECTS, PROGNOSTIC FACTORS AND PREDICTIVE RESPONSE TO THERAPY

The primary liver cancer (PLC) is the fifth most common cancer in men and the seventh most common cancer in women, worldwide, with the 85% of PLC occurring in developing countries1. In fact, the rates in Eastern and South-Eastern Asia and Middle and Western Africa are the highes. Interestingly, in developed countries such as North America and Europe, rates are generally lower2. The high mortality rates associated with liver cancer are similar despite the geographic area1. In 2002, more than 377,000 people have died from liver cancer in Eastern Asia (about 19% of the total number of cancer-related deaths)3. In 2008, an estimated 694,000 deaths from liver cancer (477,000 men and 217,000 women) have been reported.
Microstructural and Mineralogical Characterization of Clay Stabilized Using Calcium-Based Stabilizers

The properties of clays can be significantly improved by treating with calcium-based stabilizers (or additives) such as hydrated lime (or lime), Portland cement, cement kiln dust (CKD), and class C fly ash (CFA). In the presence of water, the calcium ions released from these stabilizers reduce the thickness of double diffused layer through cation-exchange and flocculation-agglomeration reactions. This is primarily responsible for improvement in workability through reduction of adsorbed water and decrease in plasticity index. In longterm, pozzolanic reactions occur between the calcium ions of the stabilizer and the silica and alumina of the clay minerals resulting in the formation of cementitious products such as calcium-silicate-hydrates (C-S-H), calcium-aluminate-hydrates (C-A-H), and calciumaluminum-silicate-hydrates (C-A-S-H). The reaction may be written as:
The factors that differentially influence reproductive activation

17 Eusocial insect colonies are defined by extreme variation in reproductive activity among castes, but the 18 ancestral conditions from which this variation arose are unknown. Investigating the factors that 19 contribute to variation in reproductive physiology among solitary insects that are closely related to 20 social species can help to fill this gap. We experimentally tested the role of nutrition, juvenile hormone 21 (JH), and social cues on reproductive maturation in solitary alkali bees (Halictidae: Nomia melanderi). 22 We find that alkali bee females emerge from overwintering with undeveloped ovaries and Dufour’s 23 glands. Initial activation of these reproductive structures does not depend on pollen consumption, 24 though dietary protein or lipids may be necessary for long-term reproductive activity. JH is likely to be a 25 limiting factor in alkali bee reproductive activation, as only those females treated with JH developed 26 mature oocytes and Dufour’s glands. These females reached reproductive maturity without access to 27 mates or nesting opportunities. Unlike for related social bees, the effects of JH were not suppressed by 28 the presence of older, reproductive females. These results provide important insight into the factors 29 that influence reproductive activity in an important native pollinator, and those that may have been 30 particularly important in the evolution of reproductive castes. 31 32 . CC-BY-NC-ND 4.0 International license peer-reviewed) is the author/funder. It is made available under a The copyright holder for this preprint (which was not . http://dx.doi. org/10.1101/134387 doi: bioRxiv preprint first posted online May. 4, 2017;
Performance Measurement of Military Supply Chains

Defence is the largest item of physical expenditure in the Union budget presented by the Government of India every year. A substantial portion of the budget is allocated for equipping the army, a task which is performed by a very complex and extended supply chain. Therefore, it is essential that the performance of the military’s supply chain is measured and monitored, so that the nation derives value from the expenditure made on the supply chain. Moreover, the effectiveness of the supply chain provides the defence forces competitive advantage, and thus its performance has a direct bearing on the country’s security. The wars in future are more likely to be a competition between the rival supply chains. Development of a suitable framework for measuring the performance of any extended supply chain is a challenging task. The challenge arises from the very design and nature of the supply chain construct. The entities which constitute the supply chain invariably have varied goals and objectives, and therefore more than often, they indulge in adversarial practices and operate in an environment of mutual distrust. The paper dwells upon the conceptual development of an ideal performance measurement framework for the military supply chain. It compares the military and commercial supply chains, and discusses some of the principal performance measurement frameworks, like the Balanced scorecard, Supply Chain Operations Reference model amongst others used by the commercial supply chains. It also discusses the endeavours made towards supply chain performance evaluation by some of the modern militaries to include that of the United States, United Kingdom, and Australia. It also briefly covers the Indian approach to evaluation of supply chain performance. The paper brings out the relevance of the subject, challenges there in, and its importance to the country’s
Geometry processing from an elastic perspective

Triggered by the development of new hardware, such as laser range scanners for high resolution acquisition of complex geometric objects, new graphics processors for realtime rendering and animation of extremely detailed geometric structures, and novel rapid prototyping equip‐ment, such as 3D printers, the processing of highly resolved complex geometries has established itself as an important area of both fundamental research and impressive applications. Concepts from image processing have been picked up and carried over to curved surfaces, physically based modeling plays a central role, and aspects of computer aided geometry design have been incorporated. This paper aims at highlighting some of these developments, with a particular focus on methods related to the mechanics of thin elastic surfaces. We provide an overview of different geometric representations ranging from polyhedral surfaces over level sets to subdivision surfaces. Furthermore, with an eye on differential‐geometric concepts underlying continuum mechanics, we discuss fundamental computational tasks, such as surface flows and fairing, surface deformation and matching, physical simulations, as well as spectral and modal methods in geometry processing. Finally, beyond focusing on single shapes, we describe how spaces of shapes can be investigated using concepts from Riemannian geometry. (© 2014 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Tenofovir Alafenamide versus Tenofovir Disoproxil Fumarate: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Background: Highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) has greatly reduced morbidity and mortality. Despite the impact of antiretroviral therapy (ART), mortality in successfully treated HIV infected patients remains higher than in the general uninfected population, more specifically in Sub-Saharan Africa. In fact, ART has demonstrated toxicity. tenofovir disoproxil (TDF) is widely known, even so, TDF is known as nephrotoxic. Recently, tenofovir alafenamide (TAF) was found. TAF is a new oral prodrug of tenofovir, less toxic than TDF. TAF has potential intracellular accumulation; lower extracellular exposures of tenofovir may be realized with the potential to reduce off-target toxicities. Additionally, TAF has shown its efficacy in HIV-Hepatitis B co-infection.
Physical ecology of hypolithic communities in the central Namib Desert: The role of fog, rain, rock habitat, and light

Hypolithic microbial communities are productive niches in deserts worldwide, but many facets of their basic ecology remain unknown. The Namib Desert is an important site for hypolith study because it has abundant quartz rocks suitable for colonization and extends west to east across a transition from fog‐ to rain‐dominated moisture sources. We show that fog sustains and impacts hypolithic ecology in several ways, as follows: (1) fog effectively replaces rainfall in the western zone of the central Namib to enable high (≥95%) hypolithic abundance at landscape (1–10 km) and larger scales; and (2) high water availability, through fog (western zone) and/or rainfall (eastern zone), results in smaller size‐class rocks being colonized (mean 6.3 ± 1.2 cm) at higher proportions (e.g., 98% versus approximately 3%) than in previously studied hyperarid deserts. We measured 0.1% of incident sunlight as the lower limit for hypolithic growth on quartz rocks in the Namib and found that uncolonized ventral rock surfaces were limited by light rather than moisture. In situ monitoring showed that although rainfall supplied more liquid water (36 h) per event than fog (mean 4 h), on an equivalent annual basis, fog provided nearly twice as much liquid water as rainfall to the hypolithic zone. Hypolithic abundance reaches 100% at a mean annual precipitation (MAP) of approximately 40–60 mm, but at a much lower MAP (approximately 25 mm) when moisture from fog is available.
NEUROPATHIC PAIN IN CANCER SURVIVORS, PREVALENCE AND ASSESSMENT Eriphili Argyra

Both acute and chronic pain has been well documented as one of the most frequent and distressing symptoms in cancer, and have been shown to adversely affect quality of life [1] [2]. In a recent systematic review of 52 studies, 2 pooled prevalence rates for cancer pain were reported for four subgroups of patients: (1) in studies that included patients after curative treatment 33% (95% CI 21% to 46%); (2) in studies that included patients on cancer treatment 59% (CI 44% to 73%); (3) in studies in patients with advanced or metastatic disease, 64% (CI 58% to 69%); and (4) studies in patients at all stages of the disease, 53% (CI 43% to 63%). Across all of the studies evaluated, approximately 33% of the patients reported moderate to severe pain [3].
Oriented Edge-Based Feature Descriptor for Multi-Sensor Image Alignment and Enhancement

In this paper, we present an efficient image alignment and enhancement method for multi-sensor images. The shape of the object captured in a multi-sensor images can be determined by comparing variability of contrast using corresponding edges across multi-sensor image. Using this cue, we construct a robust feature descriptor based on the magnitudes of the oriented edges. Our proposed method enables fast image alignment by identifying matching features in multi-sensor images. We enhance the aligned multi-sensor images through the fusion of the salient regions from each image. The results of stitching the multi-sensor images and their enhancement demonstrate that our proposed method can align and enhance multi-sensor images more efficiently than previous methods.