Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Variationen und ihre Kompensation in CMOS Digitalschaltungen

Variationen bei der Herstellung und wahrend des Betriebs von CMOS Schaltungen beeinflussen deren Geschwindigkeit und erschweren die Verifikation der in der Spezifikation zugesicherten Eigenschaften. In dieser Arbeit wird eine abstraktionsebenenubergreifende Vorgehensweise zur Abschatzung des Einflusses von Prozess- und betriebsbedingten Umgebungsvariationen auf die Geschwindigkeit einer Schaltung vorgestellt. Neben Untersuchungen der Laufzeitsensitivitat in low-power CMOS Technologien von 180nm bis 40nm werden Strukturanalysen von ARM Mikroprozessoren durchgefuhrt. Basierend auf diesen Ergebnissen wird ein Mikroprozessormodell zur Abschatzung variationsbedingter Laufzeitschwankungen und Identifikation sensitiver Schaltungsteile erarbeitet. Mit einem neuen Robustheitsmas, das strukturelle und topologische Eigenschaften kritischer Pfade berucksichtigt, werden Kosten und Nutzen verschiedener Kompensationstechniken verglichen und bewertet.
Changes in website indexing

Website indexing became important in the 1990s, as indexers, librarians and web managers experimented with different approaches for making the information they were providing on the Internet more accessible. The tools for creating A to Z indexes have changed over time, from simple HTML coding to HTML Indexer and other specialist software. New indexes and software products have been created, but many website indexes have also been lost. This article considers the reasons for creating web site indexes and includes examples of website indexes and other access tools which were created in the last 15 years, but which are no longer available. It also provides an assessment of some of the reasons for the changes.
Assesing Early Warning System Model for Banking Crisis in ASEAN Countries

It is really necessary to understand that the banking sector is one of important part in the economy of a country. Banking acted as intermediary institutions between the parties with the excess funds were underfunded and the role of banking sector as part of the payment system, it needs to be maintained stability. If the banking industry has problems, then it will affect stability of economy in a country. The study aimed to develop an early warning system of banking crisis in Asian. This is necessary due to the detection of early symptoms of a banking crisis the losses caused by the crisis can be minimized. Moreover, it also can be done countermeasures so that a crisis can be avoided. The research used an ex-pose facto approach in constructing the models of early warning system is combining econometric techniques and signalling method. Sample of this research are ASEAN countries, namely Indonesia, Malaysia and Thailand. The study period was divided into two periods that are in-sample and out-sample. The important results persuasively show, that the predictive models were able to provide predictive power for the possibility of a crisis in out-sample period. This implies that the better the predictive, the better the banking system to avoid banking crisis system in ASEAN countries. In practically, banking in ASEAN countries should apply the Early Warning System.
Measurement and comparison of clustering algorithms

In this project, a number of different clustering algorithms are described and their workings explained. They are compared to each other by implementing them on number of graphs with a known architecture.These clustering algorithm, in the order they are implemented, are as follows: Nearest neighbour hillclimbing, Nearest neighbour big step hillclimbing, Best neighbour hillclimbing, Best neighbour big step hillclimbing, Gem 3D, K-means simple, K-means Gem 3D, One cluster and One cluster per node.The graphs are Unconnected, Directed KX, Directed Cycle KX and Directed Cycle.The results of these clusterings are compared with each other according to three criteria: Time, Quality and Extremity of nodes distribution. This enables us to find out which algorithm is most suitable for which graph. These artificial graphs are then compared with the reference architecture graph to reach the conclusions.
Scheduling for Variable Power and Rate Control for Spatial TDMA in Wireless Ad Hoc Networks.

Multihop ad hoc wireless networking is alternative for the communications inareas where there is a scarcity of telecommunications infrastructure. A major design issue in such networks is the formulation of the Medium Access Control(MAC) protocols. Spatial TDMA (S-TDMA) is a `conflict-free'MAC protocol thus enabling high spectral utilization, however the scheduling is required. In link oriented S-TDMA the schedule specifies when particular radio links will be activated. In most wireless networks simultaneous link activation or `reuse' is possible. An efficient schedule is critical tonetwork performance. This paper investigates power and rate control in anS-TDMA ad hoc wireless networks. We present EPR S-TDMA (S-TDMA with enhance power and rate control) scheduling algorithm, that substantially improves throughput performance, when compared to fixed power and rate. The algorithm presented can provide shorter schedule frame duration in comparison withTraffic-sensitive S-TDMA algorithm.
Distributed information storage

Information is distributed in many different applications. In conventional parallel processing, for example, data is distributed in order to speed up computation. We consider the less-studied problem of distributing data among different sites for fault-tolerance. The primary example that we consider involves storing information on a network of disks so that the information can be recovered reliably even when some of the disks fail. The techniques developed in this thesis apply equally well, however, to problems in which communication links can fail and information packets can be lost. Using techniques from Galois field theory and network flow theory, we show how to store information at different sites with an absolute minimum of redundancy so as to prevent any loss of data if several sites become inaccessible. We allow the different sites to have different storage capacities and to be arranged in a variety of network topologies. The theoretical results on reliable information storage derived for general networks can be specialized to a particular configuration of disks that is widely used in practice. Although the information storage scheme for this configuration is simple in principle, there are practical difficulties because of the need to update parity-check blocks continually as data blocks are modified. For the setup above, the delay between reading a parity block and writing its updated value back onto the disk can seriously degrade the performance of a disk array. We analyze a technique called floating parity track that dramatically reduces the average delay between reading and writing a parity block. We find that the delay can typically be reduced by a factor of thirty in return for a slight decrease in storage efficiency.
The Fitzroy Dearborn encyclopedia of banking & finance

This edition of the Encyclopedia of Banking & Finance is completely revised and includes 4,200 entries, of which 2,000 are new. In addition to extensive definitions of thousands of basic banking, business and financial terms, the entries provide a wealth of additional pertinent information: historical background; analyses of recent trends; illustrative examples; and statistical data. The encyclopedia is particularly strong in its coverage of laws and regulations.
The Impact of Regional Trade Agreements and Trade Facilitation in the Middle East and North Africa Region

The Middle East and North Africa (MENA) region's trade performance over the past two decades has been disappointing. Efforts to boost trade through a plethora of regional trade agreements (RTAs) are underway. This study examines the potential contribution of regional trade agreements, as well as trade facilitation improvements, in enhancing the development prospects of the region. Using the Global Trade Analysis Project (GTAP) model and database, both intra-regional integration and integration with the European Union are observed to have a favorable impact on welfare in the MENA region. The welfare gains from integrating with the European Union are observed to be at least twice as much as intra-regional integration. Furthermore, these welfare gains are observed to at least triple when the implementation of the RTAs is complemented with trade facilitation improvements.
The evolving impact of institutional repositories

Purpose – The paper's purpose is to share the insights that the staff of the Rochester Institute of Technology (RIT) Libraries (Wallace Library, RIT Archives, and the Cary Collection) gained into the role of reference librarians in establishing and operating an institutional repository (IR). Design/methodology/approach – The paper conducts a literature review on a range of published (1999-2005) works to research the background of IRs and to incorporate it with the authors' own experiences. Findings – The research findings, involving implementing IRs and specifically the effect on the role of the reference librarian in academic libraries, were found to be not as extensive as expected. Originality/value – This paper is intended for those who are involved in developing and promoting IRs. The outcome of the paper is to stimulate thought and to contribute to the dialog on the topic of how IRs impact reference librarian roles and careers.
Machine Learning in Image Steganalysis

Steganography is the art of communicating a secret message, hiding the very existence of a secret message. This is typically done by hiding the message within a non-sensitive document.Steganalysis is the art and science of detecting such hidden messages. The task in steganalysis is to take an object (communication) and classify it as either a steganogram or a clean document. Most recent solutions apply classification algorithms from machine learning and pattern recognition, which tackle problems too complex for analytical solution by teaching computers to learn from empirical data.Part 1of the book is an introduction to steganalysis as part of the wider trend of multimedia forensics, as well as a practical tutorial on machine learning in this context. Part 2 is a survey of a wide range of feature vectors proposed for steganalysis with performance tests and comparisons. Part 3 is an in-depth study of machine learning techniques and classifier algorithms, and presents a critical assessment of the experimental methodology and applications in steganalysis.Key features:Serves as a tutorial on the topic of steganalysis with brief introductions to much of the basic theory provided, and also presents a survey of the latest research.Develops and formalises the application of machine learning in steganalysis; with much of the understanding of machine learning to be gained from this book adaptable for future study of machine learning in other applications. Contains Python programs and algorithms to allow the reader to modify and reproduce outcomes discussed in the book.Includes companion software available from the authors website.
Digital Signal Processing: An Overview of Basic Principles

From the Publisher: For an introductory, senior-level course in Electrical Engineering Technology. The emphasis on the theoretical aspects of digital signal processing makes this text more appropriate for introductory students than most other texts. By presenting the basic principles of digital signal processing, the text explains how the coefficients of the discrete time system equation are selected in order to implement the desired "digital filter. " Features: Accessible approach: written specifically for engineering technology students.Overview of continuous time system theory: includes coverage of "advanced topics" such as convolution, system impulse response, and the Fourier Transform.Provides students with a review of familiar topics as well as an introduction to more advanced topics before beginning a study of discrete time signal processing.The power of DSP: includes a chapter on adaptive FIR filters using the LMS algorithm.
Ensemble Methods

The idea of ensemble learning is to employ multiple learners and combine their predictions. There is no definitive taxonomy. Jain, Duin and Mao (2000) list eighteen classifier combination schemes; Witten and Frank (2000) detail four methods of combining multiple models: bagging, boosting, stacking and errorcorrecting output codes whilst Alpaydin (2004) covers seven methods of combining multiple learners: voting, error-correcting output codes, bagging, boosting, mixtures of experts, stacked generalization and cascading. We focus on four methods, then review the literature in general, with, where possible, an emphasis on both theory and practical advice.
The Network is the Robot

Ultra-broadband diffusion, information technology (IT) advances and the market mass decreasing costs are determining a growing adoption of processing and storage resources at the edge of current telecom networks that, untimately, are the end-users. The number of devices connected to the network is growing at an exponential rate: embedded communications are everywhere. "Machine intelligence" is rapidly migrating towards the end-user, determining a number of socio-economic implications. Smart cities are going to become populated by any sort of mobile terminals, devices, machines, smart things, sensors, actuators, drones, robots etc. In general, ICT will basically become accessible to enterprises in any part of the world on an (almost) equal basis. In turn, this will reduce the thresholds for new players to enter the ICT services markets, moving the competition towards Opex-based models. This tendency is progressively accelerating and, from a socio-economic perspective, it is going to determine a transition from our society and the economy of resources towards the digital society and the digital economy. In this evolutionary scenario, telecommunications services are likely to be packaged with other services, and new services paradigms will be exploited: as an example, this paper proposes the model "anything-as-a-service", where any devices, machines, smart things, robots, drones, etc. will look like edge intelligent nodes providing the end-users with "any services". This transformation will require an highly flexible and pervasive 5G network, embedding processign and storage and providing high bandwidth, ultra-low latency links so as to create, literally, an innovative "nervous system" for the digital society. Eventually, this evolution will be capable of modernizing urban services such as transport, energy, water, food, education and will create new business opportunity, by integrating, systemically, 5G, big data and robotics.
Biologics for the treatment of moderate- to-severe ulcerative colitis in pediatric patients

Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a chronic, inflammatory disease of the large intestine. In pediatric patients, UC is associated with significant morbidity including persistent symptoms affecting quality of life, hospitalizations, and surgery, and therapeutic strategies are limited. The advent of biologics, specifically anti-tumor necrosis factor- α medications, has been very beneficial for pediatric patients suffering from UC. Since the introduction of these therapies, there has been improvement in the rates of both remission as well as colectomy-free survival. However, there has been concern regarding the adverse events associated with these medica- tions including the risk of infection and malignancy. The efficacy and safety of infliximab, the most frequently used biologic medication in pediatric patients with UC, will be the focus of this review.
Software Volatility: A Stystem-Level Measure

With change our only constant, information systems researchers appreciate the need to measure and understand change processes occurring in software systems (i.e., software volatility). In this study we define a system-level multi-dimensional measure of software volatility. This measure can be used both quantitatively and qualitatively to analyze system behavior. We describe the lifecycle volatility of three application systems. We also discuss use of software volatility as a qualitative measure to interpret system behavior for software portfolio management.
Wifi-tracking in de winkel(straat): inbreuk op de privacy?

Tegenwoordig wordt de consument op steeds grotere schaal gevolgd via de wifi-signalen die smartphones uitzenden. Inzicht in hoe consumenten zich gedragen in een winkel levert commerciele voordelen op voor de winkeliers, maar ook risico's voor de persoonlijke levenssfeer. Onder de Wet bescherming persoonsgegevens is gegevensverwerking via wifi-tracking toegestaan, mits wordt voldaan aan de strenge eisen die de wet stelt. Ter vergelijking wordt gekeken naar de regulering van wifi-tracking in de Verenigde Staten.
Post-editing machine translated text in a commercial setting: Observation and statistical analysis

Machine translation systems, when they are used in a commercial context for publishing purposes, are usually used in combination with human post-editing. Thus understanding human post-editing behaviour is crucial in order to maximise the benefit of machine translation systems. Though there have been a number of studies carried out on human post-editing to date, there is a lack of large-scale studies on post-editing in industrial contexts which focus on the activity in real-life settings. This study observes professional Japanese post-editors’ work and examines the effect of the amount of editing made during post-editing, source text characteristics, and post-editing behaviour, on the amount of post-editing effort. A mixed method approach was employed to both quantitatively and qualitatively analyse the data and gain detailed insights into the post-editing activity from various view points. The results indicate that a number of factors, such as sentence structure, document component types, use of product specific terms, and post-editing patterns and behaviour, have effect on the amount of post-editing effort in an intertwined manner. The findings will contribute to a better utilisation of machine translation systems in the industry as well as the development of the skills and strategies of post-editors.
Household consumption and long-term interest rates

Following the financial crisis there were many questions raised about the proper role and efficacy of monetary and fiscal policy. One such area of debate surrounds the effects of changes to interest rates have on household consumption. This paper use Consumer Expenditure Survey data along with state base Mortgage Interest Rate Survey data to estimate this relationship. The analysis finds a slight but significant positive correlation suggesting that households contracted their spending when interest rates went down. These findings suggest that there are other important factors that determined consumption spending, and that monetary and fiscal policy makers should aim to understand what caused households to lower their spending even as interest rates fell. Index words: Consumption, Interest Rate, Wealth
Parallel Noise Barrier Prediction Procedure: Report 2 Users' Manual

This report defines the parameters which are used to input the data required to run Programs Barrier and BarrierX on a micro-computer such as an IBM PC or compatible. Directions for setting up and operating a working disk are presented. Examples of input, output and running time are presented. The input template adopted allows for considerable flexibility in barrier configuration, such as barrier length, tilt, ground and atmospheric absorption, barrier absorption in strips, finite lane length including stationary point source, etc.
Dimensions of Internet science

Internet Science is a new and exciting interdisciplinary field. Its purpose is the conduct ofempirical studies which examine the Internet as both an instrument for, and an object of,scientific investigation. This book is the first comprehensive collection of contributions to InternetScience appearing in English, written by highly respected experts from seven different countries.All contributions were subject to a double peer review process.
Development of Emotional Game Mechanics through the use of Biometric Sensors

Todos os anos, os jogadores exigem mais de novos jogos, surge, portanto, a necessidade de criar uma melhor sensacao de imersao nos jogos. Ja existem maneiras de conseguir isso, nomeadamente atraves do uso de controladores virtuais de realidade ou movimento, que imergem o jogador numa experiencia visual ou fisica (pelo uso do movimento), porem isso nao cobre os aspectos emocionais do jogador, que podem ser medidos em termos de valencia e excitacao e, em conjunto, abrangem uma ampla gama de emocoes (por exemplo, felicidade, stresse, medo, etc.). Acredita-se que estas emocoes podem ser detectadas no jogador e usadas para adaptar o jogo em tempo real, melhorando assim sua experiencia geral de jogo. De facto, a analise e o uso de conteudo emocional em experiencias multimedia estao se a tornar cada vez mais populares e varias empresas de videojogos estao a investigar a sua versatilidade (por exemplo, Sony, Valve, etc.). No entanto, o uso dessas ferramentas nao esta optimizado nem e pratico.O objectivo principal desta dissertacao e desenvolver um sistema capaz de monitorizar as emocoes dos jogadores e explorar diferentes mecanismos de jogo que usem sinais biometricos, para melhorar a experiencia de jogo. Mais especificamente, ha o objectivo de desenvolver um metodo de baixo custo para processar sinais biometricos utilizaveis ​​em tempo real e estudar os efeitos das mecânicas implementadas na experiencia afectiva do jogador. Alem disso, queremos estudar no contexto do jogo afectivo quais sao as melhores abordagens em termos de adaptacao da jogabilidade.
A Hierarchical Multiprocessor Scheduling Framework for

This paper discusses a hierarchical scheduling framework to reduce the complexity of scheduling synchronous dataflow (SDF) graphs onto multiple processors. The core of this framework is a clustering algorithm that reduces the number of nodes before expanding the SDF graph into a precedence DAG (directed acyclic graph). The internals of the clusters are then scheduled with uniprocessor SDF schedulers which can optimize for memory usage. The clustering is done in such a manner as to leave ample parallelism exposed for the multiprocessor scheduler. The advantages of this framework are demonstrated with several practical, real-time examples.
Elementary Syntactic Structures: Prospects of a Feature-Free Syntax

Preface Abbreviations and symbols 1. Biolinguistic concerns 2. Syntactic order for free: merge alpha 3. Trusting in the external systems: descent with modification 4. Elaborate grammatical structures: how (and where) to deal with variation 5. Interdisciplinary prospects Appendix 1. Dej. vu all over again? Appendix 2. Switching metaphors: from clocks to sandpiles Appendix 3. More on the loss of syntactic variation Bibliography Index.
GPFIS-Control: A Genetic Fuzzy System For Control Tasks

Abstract This work presents a Genetic Fuzzy Controller (GFC), called Genetic Programming Fuzzy Inference System for Control tasks (GPFIS-Control). It is based on Multi-Gene Genetic Programming, a variant of canonical Genetic Programming. The main characteristics and concepts of this approach are described, as well as its distinctions from other GFCs. Two benchmarks application of GPFIS-Control are considered: the Cart-Centering Problem and the Inverted Pendulum. In both cases results demonstrate the superiority and potentialities of GPFIS-Control in relation to other GFCs found in the literature.