Habiliter les travailleurs à la prévention : description des pratiques des ergothérapeutes québécois visant la mise en place des antécédents du comportement préventif au travail

Introduction. Les ergotherapeutes detiennent une expertise unique pour habiliter les travailleurs a adopter des comportements de prevention. Or, leurs pratiques en cette matiere sont encore peu documentees. Objectif. Cette etude vise a decrire les pratiques des ergotherapeutes quebecois quant a la mise en place des antecedents du comportement preventif chez leurs clients travailleurs. Methode. Selon un devis de recherche descriptif mixte, des entrevues semi-dirigees ont ete menees aupres de 13 ergotherapeutes œuvrant en sante au travail. En plus de decrire les pratiques concretes des ergotherapeutes, les entrevues visaient a documenter l’importance, la frequence et la pertinence accordees a chacun des antecedents dans le processus ergotherapique. Le contenu des entrevues a ete analyse a l’aide d’analyses quantitatives simples et par une strategie qualitative d’analyse de contenu. Resultats. Les participants integrent diverses pratiques soutenant la mise en place des neuf antecedents du comportement preventif. Discussion. Il semble que les ergotherapeutes adoptent davantage de pratiques liees aux antecedents concernant la personne et l’occupation, qu’en ce qui a trait a l’environnement. De plus, les interventions actuelles se resument principalement a la sensibilisation et a la transmission d’information. Conclusion. Il est espere que les resultats de cette etude permettront aux ergotherapeutes d’avoir acces a des pistes d’interventions concretes visant l’habilitation des travailleurs aux comportements de prevention, renforcant ainsi leur role dans ce champ de pratique emergent. ____________________________________________________________________________ Enabling workers to prevention: Description of Quebec occupational therapists' practices aiming to establish the antecedents of preventive behaviours at work Introduction. Occupational therapists have a unique expertise in enabling workers to adopt prevention behaviours. However, their practices in this area have not been studied yet. Aim. The aim of this study was to describe Quebec occupational therapists’ practices related to the antecedents of preventive behaviours at work. Method. According to a mixed descriptive research design, semi-structured interviews were conducted with 13 occupational therapists working in occupational health. Interviews were designed to document the importance, frequency, and relevance of each antecedent of preventive behaviours at work, as well as to describe the concrete occupational therapists’ practices related to these antecedents. Interviews’ content was analyzed using simple quantitative analyzes and a qualitative content analysis strategy. Results. Results suggest that occupational therapists use a variety of practices supporting the development of the nine antecedents of preventive behaviours at work with their clients. Discussion. Occupational therapists appear to adopt more practices about antecedents concerning the person and the occupation, as compared to those related to the environment. In addition, current interventions mainly focus on awareness and information sharing. Conclusion. It is hoped that results of this study will provide occupational therapists with access to concrete interventions aimed at enabling workers to prevention behaviours, reinforcing their role in this emerging field of practice.