Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Discretionary Accounting Choice and Management Opportunistic Behavior to Manage Income

Income smoothing (IS) practice is "the smoothing of fluctuations company income levels that are considered normal for company". IS manipulation has a clear goal, which is to generate income flows that continue increase stably. There are several ways that companies can use to do IS practice for example: changes in accounting methods. In this research, income smoothing practices of Indonesian listed manufacturing firms were detected through empirical tests using changes in discretionary accounting (DAC). Samples of listed manufacturing companies classified as smoothing and non-smoothing using Moses smoothing behavior index. The results show that the possible motivation of DAC transactions is income smoothing. Two independent variables such as institutional ownership and external audit quality have a significant positive effect on IS practice but the company size has no influence on IS practice.
The Spread of Ideas Related to the Developmental Idealism Model in Albania

In this paper we use data from a nationally representative survey conducted in Albania in 2005 to study the spread of the worldviews, values, and beliefs of developmental idealism in the country. We find that Albanians have adopted developmental idealism, with ideas about development and developmental hierarchies that are similar to those of international elites. A substantial majority of Albanians also endorse the developmental idealist belief of an association between socioeconomic development and family matters. Many perceive development as both a cause and an effect of family change, but with more seeing it as a cause than as an effect. Albanians also perceive development as more closely related to fertility and gender equality than to age at marriage. But despite believing that development and family change are related, most Albanians continue to endorse lifetime marriage and strong intergenerational relations. This unique perception of development and demographic behavior reflects Albania's unique history with regard to economic, political and social change. We conclude that despite living in one of the most radical state socialist regimes in the world, which tried to keep its population sealed off from the outside world for many years, Albanians endorse many of the elements of developmental idealism.
An introduction to pressure metrics for higher Teichmüller spaces

We discuss how one uses the thermodynamic formalism to produce metrics on higher Teichmüller spaces. Our higher Teichmüller spaces will be spaces of Anosov representations of a word-hyperbolic group into a semi-simple Lie group. We begin by discussing our construction in the classical setting of the Teichmüller space of a closed orientable surface of genus at least 2, then we explain the construction for Hitchin components and finally we treat the general case. This paper surveys results of Bridgeman, Canary, Labourie and Sambarino, The pressure metric for Anosov representations, and discusses questions and open problems which arise.
Clinical Usefulness of the Staffelstein-Score in the Functional Assessment in Knee Arthroplasty Patients

1 Za kład Re ha bi li ta cji Od dzia łu Fi zjo te ra pii II Wy dzia łu Le kar skie go, War szaw ski Uni wer sy tet Me dycz ny, Polska 2 Ka te dra i Kli ni ka Or to pe dii i Trau ma to lo gii Na rzą du Ru chu I Wy dzia łu Le kar skie go, War szaw ski Uni wer sy tet Me dycz ny, Polska 1 Division of Rehabilitation, Department of Physiotherapy, 2 Medical Faculty, Medical University of Warsaw, Poland 2 Department of Orthopaedics and Musculoskeletal Traumatology, 1st Medical Faculty, Medical University of Warsaw, Poland
Tissue-resident memory T cells orchestrate tumour-immune equilibrium

The immune system can prevent tumour development by engaging in a process termed cancer immunosurveillance, during which immune cells such as T cells restrict tumour growth either by completely eradicating cancer cells in a process of ‘elimination' or by suppressing cancer cell outgrowth by establishing a state of tumour-immune ‘equilibrium'. Most cancers develop within epithelial layers of tissues but circulating T cells are largely excluded from these epithelial tissue compartments in the absence of infection or overt inflammation. In contrast, CD8+ tissue-resident memory T (TRM) cells reside permanently within epithelial layers of peripheral tissues without recirculating in blood. Accumulating evidence suggests that TRM cells are found in diverse human solid cancers where they correlate with improved prognosis and can protect against tumour challenge in mice. However, the mechanisms through which these cells mediate cancer protection are poorly understood. In our recent study (Park SL et al, Nature 565(7739), 2019) we developed a melanoma model that allowed us to identify a critical role for TRM cells in the establishment and maintenance of tumour-immune equilibrium in skin. Our findings provide insight into the immune cell populations important for maintaining long-term tumour dormancy in peripheral tissues and imply that targeting TRM cells may serve as a novel cancer treatment strategy.
An Adaptive Thermal-Aware ECC Scheme for Reliable STT-MRAM LLC Design

Considering the insatiable demand for high-performance computing, on-chip cache capacity increases rapidly. Spin-transfer-torque magnetoresistive random-access memory (STT-MRAM) is a promising cache candidate due to ultralow standby power, high-access speed, and integration density. Unfortunately, when the feature size of magnetic tunnel junction (MTJ) scales down to 1 Xnm, read current approaches write current closely, which may result in read disturbance threatening the reliability of STT-MRAM. Furthermore, the elevating on-chip temperature reduces the thermal stability of STT-MRAM remarkably and aggravates the read disturbance. Error correction code (ECC) is an effective technique to enhance memory reliability. In this paper, we take advantage of the thermal dependence of STT-MRAM and propose a thermally adaptive ECC design, called “Chameleon,” that can adjust the ECC protection strength dynamically to reduce the ECC storage overhead and improve the cache access performance and energy efficiency. Experimental results show that compared to the conservative nonadaptive ECC scheme, our design can improve both cache performance and energy consumption effectively.
Energy Usage Profiling for Virtualized Single Board Computer Clusters

With Network Function Virtualization (NFV) platforms gaining ground, we question the combination of NFV and Single Board Computers (SBCs) in terms of compatibility, reliability, and energy consumption. A mini cluster of SBCs is used to develop a scalable and resilient energy monitoring application. The application is employed to discover the energy demands of a NFV platform in modern SBCs, and build the energy profile of the devices and the deployed services. We use the results and the added knowledge from building the application to strengthen the argument that SBC clusters can support virtualized service deployment. This evidence, alongside the rich gamut of characteristics that SBCs hold, proves that they are a viable option for edge components of a fog network. Our results show that running different virtualised processes offers added functionality, resilience and scalability without heavily sacrificing energy consumption.
Expert System for Problem Solution in Quality Assurance System

: To find a particular solution for a given problem or to answer any question we need to find a solution from the given set of solution by pair wise comparisons. A historical set of data help us to find different answers for the same question asked multiple times. In our proposed system there are two models one is "offline model" and another one is "online model". In offline learning component we establish training samples with the help of data driven observations. In online search component a pool of candidate answer is collected for a given question by finding similar types of questions. With the help of offline trained model candidate answer are sorted in preference order. A comparative demonstration of the experiments on the real-world community-based question answering is shown.
Vitamin K2 and arterial calcification

Arter ia l calc i f icat ion is associated with a number of diseases, such as diabetes, h y p e r t e n s i o n , atherosclerosis, and chronic kidney disease. Calciumphosphate deposition is the h a l l m a r k o f a r t e r i a l calcification and can occur in t h e b l o o d v e s s e l s , myocardium, and cardiac valves. Many excellent articles have been published dealing with vascular calcification and risk for cardiovascular disease (1-4). In the St. Francis Heart Study (5) more than 4900 asymptomatic men and women age 50 to 70 years underwent electron beam compu te r t omograph ic scanning (EBCT) of the c o r o n a r y a r t e r i e s t o d e t e r m i n e c o r o n a r y calcif ication. They were observed for nearly 20 000 person years and checked for the predictive value of EBCT and other established r i s k f ac to r s i nc l ud i ng C-reactive protein (CRP). In this study coronary calcium scores predicted coronary a r t e r y d i s e a s e m o r e accurately than standard risk factors and CRP. Shaw et al. (6) measured coronary calcium scores in more than 10300 asymptomatic individuals referred for EBCT and followed them for 5 years. They found that calciumadjusted age was a better predictor of mortality than observed age alone. If a young person had a high calcium score, his biological age was much higher than his chronological age, and as much as 30 years could be added to his age. On the other hand a 70 year old person with very low calcium score could reduce his age with as much as 10 years. VITAMIN K – A GROUP OF RELATED COMPOUNDS
Maximum Power Point Tracker for Photovoltaic Systems Based on Moth-Flame Optimization Considering Partial Shading Conditions

The performance of photovoltaic (PV) systems is highly dependent on environmental conditions. Due to probable changes in environmental conditions, the real-time control of PV systems is essential for exploiting their maximum possible power. This paper proposes a new method to track the maximum power point of PV systems using the moth-flame optimization algorithm. In this method, the PV DC-DC converter’s duty cycle is considered as the optimization parameter, and the delivered power of the PV system is maximized in real time. In the proposed approach, some schemes are also employed for detecting condition changes and ignoring small fluctuations of the duty cycle. The results of performance evaluation confirm that the proposed method is very fast, robust, and accurate in different conditions such as standard irradiance and temperature, irradiance and temperature variations, and partial shading conditions. The obtained steady-state efficiency and response time for the introduced method under the standard conditions of the test PV system are 99.68% and 0.021 s, respectively. Indeed, in addition to a relatively good efficiency, the faster response of the introduced tracker is also evident in comparison with other methods.
Molecular characterization of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus isolates from a hospital in Ghana

Background: Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) are a major cause of hospital- and community-acquired infection. They can colonize humans and cause a wide range of infections including pneumonia, endocarditis and bacteraemia. We investigated the molecular mechanism of resistance and virulence of MRSA isolates from a teaching hospital in Ghana. Methodology: A total of 91 S. aureus isolates constituted the initial bacterial sample. Identification of S. aureus was confirmed by the VITEK 2 system. The cefoxitin screen test was used to detect MRSA and antibiotic susceptibility was determined using the VITEK 2 system. The resistance ( mecA , blaZ , aac-aph , ermC , and tetK ) and virulence ( lukS/F-PV , hla , hld and eta ) genes were amplified by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and positive samples subjected to DNA sequencing. Pulsed field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) was used to ascertain the relatedness of the isolates. Results: Fifty-eight of 91 (63.7%) isolates were putatively methicillin resistant by the phenotypic cefoxitin screen test and oxacillin MICs. However, 43 (47%) of the isolates were genotypically confirmed as MRSA based on PCR detection of the mecA gene. Furthermore, 37.9% of isolates displayed resistance to tetracycline, 19% to trimethoprim-sulphamethoxazole, 15.5% to clindamycin, 12.1% to gentamicin, 13.8% to ciprofloxacin and erythromycin, 6.9% to moxifloxacin and 7.0% to rifampicin. None of the isolates was positive for inducible clindamycin resistance. The prevalence of resistance ( mecA , blaZ , aac(6’)-aph(2’’) , tetK , and ermC ) and virulence ( hla and lukS/F-PV ) genes respectively were 74%, 33%, 22%, 19%, 3%, 5% and 3%, with isolates organized in two highly related clades. Conclusion: Results indicate a fairly high occurrence of MRSA, which can complicate the effective therapy of S. aureus infections, necessitating surveillance and stringent infection control programmes to forestall its spread. Keywords: MRSA, mecA, blaZ, hla, lukS/F-PV
Real-Word Errors in Arabic Texts: A Better Algorithm for Detection and Correction

Real-word (also known as semantic or context-sensitive) spelling error is a class of error that escapes the typical spell checker which relies on dictionary look-up. This kind of error occurs when a user types a correctly spelled word–by mistake–when another is intended, e.g., “I want a peace (piece) of cake. ” Further, these errors commonly arise in text written by people with dyslexia. Real-word errors are harder to detect as we need to consider the context. In this paper, we propose a spell checker that detects and corrects real-word errors for the Arabic language. Our method avoids predefined confusion sets–a simple approach used by many works tackling this problem–which limits the list of words that can be detected and corrected. Thus, our system can detect and correct a larger set of real-word errors. For the detection phase, we employ word and stem n-gram (n = 1–3) language model along with machine learning, achieving a precision and recall of 83.5% and 99.2%, respectively. And for the correction phase we use n-gram, which results in an accuracy of 98%. Our scheme is robust, with an excellent performance even when the percentage of real-word error words is high. This makes the system suitable for handling errors in post OCR recognition of Arabic text.
Analisis Pengaruh Orientasi Pelanggan, Keahlian, Kualitas Makanan, Kewajaran Harga, Dan Lingkungan Fisik Terhadap Kualitas Hubungan (Studi Empiris di Rumah Makan Mang Engking dan Rasa Mirasa)

The purpose of this study is to analyze the effect of customer orientation, expertise, food quality, price fairness, and the physical environment to the relationship quality restaurant MangEngking and Rasa Mirasa. Data is collected using a questionnaire instrument or questionnaire. This study the researchers used a technique Non-Probability Sampling. While the sampling technique using purposive sampling of 98 consumers who come to the restaurant MangEngking and Rasa Mirasa defined based on specific criteria researchers.The analysis of data obtained in the form of quantitative and qualitative analysis. A quantitative analysis includes the validity and reliability test, the classic assumption test, multiple regression analysis test, F test, t test, and analysis of the coefficient of determination (R2). The qualitative analysis constitutes interpretation of the data which have been collected in this study before and the results of processing data have been implemented by providing descriptions and explanations. The results of this study indicate that all independent variables are customer orientation, expertise, food quality,price fairness, and the physical environment together positive and significant impact on the relationship quality restaurant MangEngking and Rasa Mirasa, where the physical environment is the mostdominant variable.
ANTIPSYCHOTIC AUGMENTATION WITH MODAFINIL AND ARMODAFINIL FOR NEGATIVE SYMPTOMS OF SCHIZOPHRENIA: SYSTEMATIC REVIEW AND META-ANALYSIS OF RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED TRIALS Running title Modafinil/armodafinil augmentation in schizophrenia

We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials (RCTs) of modafinil or armodafinil (ar/mod) augmentation in schizophrenia. We searched PubMed, clinical trial registries, reference lists, and other sources for parallel group, placebo-controlled RCTs. Our primary outcome variable was the effect of ar/mod on negative symptom outcomes. Eight RCTs (pooled N=372; median duration, 8 weeks) met our selection criteria. Ar/mod (200 mg/day) significantly attenuated negative symptom ratings (6 RCTs; N=322; standardized mean difference [SMD], -0.26; 95% CI, -0.48 to -0.04). This finding remained similar in all but one sensitivity analysis -when the only RCT in acutely ill patients was excluded, the outcome was no longer statistically significant (SMD, -0.17; 95% CI, -0.51 to 0.06). The absolute advantage for ar/mod was small: just 0.27 points on the PANSS-N (6 RCTs). Ar/mod attenuated total psychopathology ratings (7 RCTs; N=342; SMD, -0.23; 95% CI, -0.45 to -0.02) but did not influence positive symptom ratings (5 RCTs; N=302; mean difference, -0.58; 95% CI, -1.71 to 0.55). Although data were limited, cognition, fatigue, daytime drowsiness, adverse events, and drop out rates did not differ significantly between ar/mod and placebo groups. Fixed and random effects models yielded similar results. There was no heterogeneity in all but one analysis. Publication bias could not be tested. We conclude that ar/mod (200 mg/day) is safe and well tolerated in the short-term treatment of schizophrenia. Ar/mod reduces negative symptoms with a small effect size; the absolute advantage is also small, and the advantage disappears when chronically ill patients or those with high negative symptom burden are treated. Ar/mod does not benefit or worsen other symptom dimensions in schizophrenia.
Urban community structure detection based on the OD of traffic analysis zones

At present, the detection of urban community structures is mainly based on existing administrative divisions, and is performed using qualitative methods. The lack of quantitative methods makes it difficult to judge the rationality of urban community divisions. In this study, we used complex network association mining methods to detect a city community structure by using the Origin-Destinations (OD) at traffic analysis zone (TAZ) level, and successively assigned all the TAZs into different communities. Based on the community results, we calculated the community core degree of each TAZ within every community, and then calculated the Traffic Core Degree and Location Core Degree indicators of the community based on OD passenger flow and spatial location relationship between communities. Finally, we analyzed the correlation among three indicators to ensure the rationality of the community structure. We used the city of Zhengzhou in 2016 as an example case study. For Zhengzhou, we detected a total of six communities. We found a relatively low correlation between Traffic Core Degree and Location Core Degree. Within each group, the correlation between community core degree and Traffic Core Degree was higher than that between community core degree and Location Core Degree, indicating that the urban community structure is more reasonably based on traffic characteristics. The development of a quantitative approach for determining reasonable city community structures has important implications for transportation planning and industrial layout.
Precipitation From Persistent Extremes is Increasing in Most Regions and Globally

Extreme precipitation often persists for multiple days with variable duration but has usually been examined at fixed duration. Here we show that considering extreme persistent precipitation by complete event with variable duration, rather than a fixed temporal period, is a necessary metric to account for the complexity of changing precipitation. Observed global mean annual‐maximum precipitation is significantly stronger (49.5%) for persistent extremes than daily extremes. However, both globally observed and modeled rates of relative increases are lower for persistent extremes compared to daily extremes, especially for Southern Hemisphere and large regions in the 0‐45°N latitude band. Climate models also show significant differences in the magnitude and partly even the sign of local mean changes between daily and persistent extremes in global warming projections. Changes in extreme precipitation therefore are more complex than previously reported, and extreme precipitation events with varying duration should be taken into account for future climate change assessments.
Use of Plasma Fragments of Propeptides of Type III, V, and VI Procollagen for the Detection of Liver Fibrosis in Type 2 Diabetes

OBJECTIVE This study assessed the utility of plasma fragments of propeptides of type III (PRO-C3), V (PRO-C5), and VI (PRO-C6) procollagen for the detection of liver fibrosis in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS Patients with T2DM (n = 191) underwent an oral glucose tolerance test, a liver 1H-MRS, and a liver biopsy when indicated. PRO-C3, PRO-C5, and PRO-C6 were blindly assessed. RESULTS PRO-C3 performed well for the diagnosis of moderate-to-advanced (area under the receiver operating characteristic curve [AUROC] 0.81 [95% CI 0.74–0.88]) and advanced (AUROC 0.88 [0.80–0.95]) fibrosis in T2DM patients. Its performance was similar to that of AST to platelet ratio index (APRI) (AUROC 0.83 and 0.87, respectively) and Fibrosis-4 (FIB-4) (AUROCs 0.83 and 0.86, respectively) scores. Use of PRO-C5 and PRO-C6 did not improve the accuracy to detect liver fibrosis. After 18 months, PRO-C3 changes were associated with changes in fibrosis stages. CONCLUSIONS PRO-C3 performed well for the detection of fibrosis in T2DM patients and showed promising results for prediction of histological changes in fibrosis stage with treatment.