Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The Impact Of Climate Change On Agriculture

The unimpeded growth of greenhouse gas emissions is raising the earth’s temperature. The consequences include melting glaciers, more precipitation, more and more extreme weather events, and shifting seasons. The accelerating pace of climate change, combined with global population and income growth, threatens food security everywhere. Agriculture is extremely vulnerable to climate change. Higher temperatures eventually reduce yields of desirable crops while encouraging weed and pest proliferation. Changes in precipitation patterns increase the likelihood of short-run crop failures and long-run production declines. Although there will be gains in some crops in some regions of the world, the overall impacts of climate change on agriculture are expected to be negative, threatening global food security. This paper provides an insight into the different climate change-related challenges that the agricultural sector will face and explores opportunities for emission reductions and adaptation. Agriculture has not figured very prominently in the climate discussion so far. This paper clearly indicates that the sector deserves more attention when it comes to both climate change threats and opportunities. Understanding interrelations and interactions in the agricultural sector and considering its implications for development cooperation is crucial for adequate development responses.
The natural-geographical basics for the development of the adventure tourism in Serbia

Adventure tourism represents traveling motivated by the wish to be in the nature. It includes both physical and cultural interaction between the nature and a tourist. The concept of “adventure” includes the wish of a guest for unusual activities and experience. This is also followed by excitement. The natural and tourist potentials of Serbia are analyzed in this work. The types of adventure tourism, for which there are favorable conditions in our country, are sorted out. Among different adventure activities the most important are: hiking, speleo tourism, rafting, cannoning, paragliding and mountain biking. Nevertheless, due to many problems this branch of tourism is undeveloped. In the analysis of the tourist space of Serbia, the beginning point is the mountain documents from the section about the development of tourism. In accordance with them and based on natural and anthropogenic resources and the potentials of Serbia, the possible ways of development of adventure tourism in Serbia are defined. The aim of this work is to draw attention to adventure tourism of Serbia and to point out the possibilities of its development based on the characteristics of the natural values. It also aims to suggest the potential areas-centers of development of this tourist branch.
Design and implementation of A Sliding Mode Controller Technique for DC to DC Boost Converter fed Induction motor drive

in this paper, a PI and sliding mode controller for the control of dc-dc boost converter fed induction motor drive application is designed and analyzed. Dynamic equations describing the boost converter are derived and sliding mode controller is designed. A two-loop control is employed for a boost converter. The sliding mode controlled buck converter system is tested for step load changes and input voltage variations. The theoretical predictions are validated by means of simulations. The performance of conventional PI controller and non-singular terminal sliding mode controller for current control is tested for reference disturbance, line disturbance and load disturbance conditions. The simulation results are presented. The boost converter is tested with operating point changes and parameter uncertainties. Fast dynamic response of the output voltage and load and input voltage variations are obtained.The traditional IM drive which integrates phase controlled boost converter in the facade end upshot tribulations like DC link fluctuations and deprived DC link voltage level. To overcome the problem, the conventional DC-DC converter is replaced with Proportional Integral (PI) and sliding mode controlled in the front end of IM drive that produces the DC link voltage in geometric progression. The Voltage Source Inverter (VSI) of the suggested system renders both open loop and closed loop control scheme for IM by feedback regulated Pulse Width Modulation (PWM) technique
Review of Production of Biofuels

Biofuels being derived from biomass, they are one of the most renewable and biodegradable sources of energy present. It is very important to harvest this technology due to the increasing fear of the impact that the conventional petro fuels have on the environment. This study reviews some of the methods for the production of biofuel. Some of the existing and emerging technologies have been discussed. It can be seen in the course of the paper that the production processes are extremely environment friendly as compared with the production processes of conventional fuels. In the process of biofuel production, the choice of the feedstock plays a major role. The efficiency of the process is also decided to a large extent by the downstream processes. Advantages of using certain materials as feedstock over others have been discussed. The process of biomass catalytic pyrolysis has been reviewed in brief. This study focuses on the manufacture of biofuel surrogates using genetic engineering to modify different metabolic pathways as well as to enhance the resistance of the organisms to harsher conditions. The paper talks about the feasibility of large scale production of biofuels. Some examples of successful running of such plants have been discussed. Particularly, large scale production of biodiesel from microalgae has been analyzed. India is an emerging nation that can be harnessed totally by biofuel run machines to tackle our ever increasing need for fuels.
Quantum Nature of Light in Displaced Squeezed Chaotic State

In this work the squeezing and statistical properties for single-mode displaced squeezed chaotic state is analyzed with the help of the density operator for a single-mode light. It is found that the effect of the thermal light is to reduce the quadrature squeezing but increases the mean photon number. According to the generated results of analyzing the quadrature squeezing, the system has 98.17% of squeezing (in squeezed state) in which the system initial to be in vacuum state (no photon at all) and occurs at the squeeze parameter ( ). In addition, the squeeze parameter enhances both the quadrature squeezing and the mean photon number. Keywords: Squeezing, Single-mode light, Thermal light, Photon Statistics
A Critical Interrogation of Development Theories

Development is the slogan and aspiration of every Nation. It is an integral part of every Nation’s policy concerned. Studies on Development have also been carried out extensively in various fields of study or disciplines. However, the explicit meaning of development has not been very clear to most people as they either understand development synonymously with modernisation or economic development. Based on this concern, this article attempts to explicate the meaning of development by providing a conceptual clarity and by analysing the different theories of development. In the light of analysing and understanding the different theoretical perspectives of development, the article also attempts to critically highlight the flaws of development theories.
Usage of Enzymatic Bioprocessing for Raw Linen Fabric Preparing

Enzymatic treatment application in textiles preparing processes extends due to the offer of new enzyme products, improvement of processing results and ecology of technologies. Enzymes are high molecular protein biocatalysts specific in their action. In presented research, cellulase and pectinase enzymes are used for preparing raw linen fabric with emphasis on colour characteristic changes. Colour coordinates of experimental samples have been evaluated in RGB system. As well the whiteness of the linen fabric was measured. Determinated coordinates of colour vector in a colour space a*, b* and L* and calculated lightness difference (L*), common colour differences (E), colour saturation (C), hue (H) shove that enzyme type and modification method have influence on raw linen colour parameters and whiteness is insignificant. If the higher whiteness as 29 % is required, the additional chemical bleaching is necessary.
Job Finding, Job Loss and Consumption Behaviour

According to the permanent income / life-cycle hypothesis (PILCH), under standard preferences anticipated changes in employment status should not affect the changes in consumption. In this paper, we investigate the consumption behaviour of individuals who lose their jobs and those who find a job. For a representative sample of American households anticipated changes between employment and unemployment states are identified using monthly transition expectations. Firstly, it is shown that expectations have significant predictive power conditional on individual characteristics and a set of time-varying controls. This allows us to use a two-stage estimation strategy, where expectations are used to explain anticipated changes in employment status in the first stage and changes in consumption are regressed on anticipated changes in employment status in the second stage. Secondly, by estimating a first-order approximation of the Euler equation, it is shown that consumption expenditures are not sensitive to either anticipated transition into unemployment or anticipated transition into employment which is in line with the PILCH.
Plasmablastic Lymphoma in the Testis and Duodenum: A Case Report and Literature Review

Plasmablastic lymphoma (PBL) is a rare and highly aggressive subtype of non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma (NHL) associated with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and Epstein-Barr virus (EBV). There are over 300 reported cases of PBL, of which over 120 are reported in HIV-positive patients. Of HIV-negative patients, patients were either immunocompetent or immunosuppressed transplant recipients. Initial reports highlighted cases arising in the oral cavity of HIV patients and this remains the most prevalent site of disease. However, other sites such as the gastrointestinal tract and skin are the next most common sites. Only three cases have involved the testes, a sanctuary site. Of gastrointestinal sites, there are only a handful of cases with gastric involvement. In the pre-human antiretroviral therapy (HAART) era, median overall survival was dismal. However, prognosis has improved since their advent. There is no significant difference in the survival of HIV-positive and HIV-negative PBL patients. It should be emphasized that due to the scarcity of cases, there are no established standards of care or prospective therapeutic trials for the management and treatment of PBL. Chemotherapy remains the standard approach, though selecting a regimen is still controversial and while response has been good, overall survival remains poor. Since 1995, autologous hematopoietic cell transplantation (AHCT) has been the standard of care for relapsed chemosensitive HIV-negative NHL. In the era of HAART, this has become feasible for HIV patients. A few studies have suggested that use of AHCT in the first line setting and relapsed or refractory disease may confer better outcomes. Herein we describe a unique case of involvement in the testis and duodenum, and there are no previous reports of a patient presenting with both gastrointestinal and urogenital involvement. J Hematol. 2015;4(3):196-201 doi: http://dx.doi. org/10.14740/jh217w
Toward Fluorinated Spacers for MAPI-Derived Hybrid Perovskites: Synthesis, Characterization, and Phase Transitions of (FC2H4NH3)2PbCl4

The intrinsic moisture sensitivity of the hybrid perovskite methylammonium lead iodide (MAPI) calls for new synthetic strategies to enhance moisture resistance and, thus, long-term stability. Here, we combine two strategies: (i) transitioning from 3D to 2D hybrid perovskites by inserting larger A-site cations as spacers and (ii) using fluorinated linkers to enhance the hydrophobicity of the material—and identify two new hybrid perovskite-type compounds, (FC2H4NH3)2PbCl4 and (FC2H4NH3)PbBr3·DMF, carrying 2-fluoroethylammonium (FC2H4NH3)+ as a promising organic cation for the synthesis of moisture-resistant hybrid perovskites. (FC2H4NH3)2PbCl4 features a two-dimensional structure and pronounced long-term stability as confirmed by single-crystal and powder X-ray diffraction. The observed reversible phase transitions at 87 and 107 °C investigated with thermal analysis, temperature-dependent powder X-ray diffraction measurements, and 1H, 13C, and 207Pb solid-state NMR spectroscopy can be assigned to changes in.
Seasonal and inter-annual variability in bacterial production and biomass in a temperate estuary

Dynamics of heterotrophic bactena and phytoplankton m the Delaware Estuary (USA) were studied over 3 yr along a sampling transect that enconlpassed the enbre sahnity gradient (0 to 32%) Bactenal abundance and chlorophyll a concentration were only weakly correlated (r = 0 17) Area1 bactenal production (from 3H-thymidme and '4C-leucine incorporalon rates) covaned w t h phytoplankton production in all geographic regions of the estuary (r = 0 ? 0) , although phytoplankton production explained less of the variance in bactenal production upstream ( 12"C) Over the entire estuary, the ratio of annual bactenal production to phytoplankton production was 0 4 In contrast, in the upper estuary bactenal production exceeded phytoplankton production by 1 4-fold, suggesting that allochthonous sources of organic matter are more important than phytoplankton in supporting bactenal growth in t h s region Dunng 5 yr of study, the summer average (May to September) of bactenal abundance and production vaned 2-fold, whlch could largely be explained by the summer phytoplankton production Even though bacteria and phytoplankton are uncoupled during the change of seasons, year-to-year vanation in bactena is apparently controlled by pnmary production and the fraction of primary production processed by heterotrophlc bactena is relatively constant
Evaluation of the genotoxic and mutagenic effect in human lymphocytes exposed to modified carbon nanotubes •

Objective: evaluate the genotoxic and mutagenic effect in human lymphocytes exposed to pristine and N-doped carbon nanotubes. Methods: Methods: human lymphocytes were exposed to pristine and N-doped carbon nanotubes (NTC) (0.08, 0.09, 0.1mg/mL). Sister chromatid exchange (SCE) and chromosomal alterations (CA) tests were evaluated. Results: chromatid breaks and chromosomal breaks (double strand breaks) were identified in lymphocytes exposed to 0.1 and 0.08 mg/mL of the pristine CNT. N-doped CNT, induced dicentric chromosomes and chromosomal rings. There was significant difference in the percentage of SCE of cells treated with doped NTC versus negative control and pristine NTC (p<0.0001). Conclusion: the highest concentration of pristine CNTs induced the most chromatid and chromosomal damage. Although the percentage was less than 10%, such degree of damage is considered harmful to cells. Lymphocytes treated with Ndoped CNT presented lower percentages of CA and high percentage of SCE, which shows a greater repair of genetic material with these compounds.
Toolkit for Building 802.15.4 and ZigBee-based Pervasive Learning Games

Ad-hoc wireless network technologies like ZigBee and 802.15. 4 have been used in a variety of domains including home automation. With current developments in cross-protocol integration, sensor fusion and lower costs, these technologies also lend themselves naturally to other consumer applications. One emerging area of such consumer applications is pervasive and learning games. With the realization that children are not getting enough exercise, parents and teachers are interested in their children engaging in higher levels of physical activity. Pervasive and tangible learning games superimpose networking and sensor technologies on familiar outdoor game formats to create games that make children engage in physical activity in addition to learning. This paper presents the design and development of an open-source toolkit and the associated middleware that allow developers to build a variety of pervasive learning games using ZigBee and 802.15. 4. Various sample learning games constructed by using this toolkit are also discussed.
Pattern Generalization with Graphs and Words: A Cross-Sectional and Longitudinal Analysis of Middle School Students' Representational Fluency

Cross-sectional and longitudinal data from students as they advance through the middle school years (grades 6–8) reveal insights into the development of students' pattern generalization abilities. As expected, students show a preference for lower-level tasks such as reading the data, over more distant predictions and generation of abstractions. Performance data also indicate a verbal advantage that shows greater success when working with words than graphs, a replication of earlier findings comparing words to symbolic equations. Surprisingly, students show a marked advantage with patterns presented in a continuous format (line graphs and verbal rules) as compared to those presented as collections of discrete instances (point-wise graphs and lists of exemplars). Student pattern–generalization performance also was higher when words and graphs were combined. Analyses of student performance patterns and strategy use contribute to an emerging developmental model of representational fluency. The model contributes to research on the development of representational fluency and can inform instructional practices and curriculum design in the area of algebraic development. Results also underscore the impact that perceptual aspects of representations have on students' reasoning, as suggested by an Embodied Cognition view.
Development and changes in consumption expenditures of the population

The paper deals with development and changes in consumption expenditures of population. It uses secondary data to analyze consumption expenditures of EU-25 and the Czech Republic and concetrates on changes in the expenditure groups over the period of past years. Other part of this paper is devoted to primary data analysis. Primary data were obtained in a questionnaire survey. Primary data analysis is based on statistical methods and it investigates changes in the structure of consumption expenditures of households in relation to changes in household income. By using dependency analysis the paper verifies dependency of surveyed groups of consumption expenditures and groups of households sorted by identification characteristics. Additionally, also based on the primary research, the paper tries to find out the way households allocate money surplus remaining after covering all the adequate expenses.
Creating Disruptive Strategies For Small and Medium Businesses using the 'Terms' Technique

It is now well-recognized that in addition to the traditional industry-based view of competitive advantatge (Porter 1980) and resource-based view of competitive advantage (Penrose 1959, Barney 1991, Dollinger 1999), there exists the disruptiionbased view of entrepreneurial strategy leading to competitive advantage (Hamel & Prahalad 1989, Hamel & Prahalad 1994, D’Aveni 1994, Eisenhardt 1989). This is based on the seminal notion of ‘creative destruction’ (Schumpeter 1939). According to this strategy, an economically-destabilising industry strategy may changes the rules of the game so that a Small and Medium Businesses (‘SMB’) can grow to overtake the largest players.
STUDY OF EFFICIENCY OF BEAM COLLIMATION AT U-70 ACCELERATOR BY USE OF CRYSTAL TARGETS

New crystal technique – bent crystal array and veer – type reflector based on straight crystals were used like first stage in collimation system at U-70 accelerator. Efficiency of collimation was enhanced up to 90% in twostage collimation system which included first crystal stage and long steel absorber like second stage. For data taking and analysis of information modified modern beam diagnostic system was applied.
Revising the Effects of Online Advertising Attributes on Consumer Processing and Response

With advances in technology, the internet has allowed advertisers to design advertisements with unique features that can help capture consumersi¯ visual attention and enhance their psychological states such as attitudes and emotions. Yet, web advertising features and attributes can significantly contribute to online consumer behaviors. This paper strives to provide guidelines for researchers and advertisers as to what outlines the effects of online advertising design on consumersi¯ processing and multiple outcomes. The findings indicated that exposure to a well-designed online advertisement can influence several cognitive and emotional responses, such as attention to the ad, motivations to process the ad, depth of processing, pleasure, arousal, and online purchase intention. According to the present review, consumer involvement is regarded as an important moderator in the relationships between web advertising content as well as design and several responses, including consumersi¯ intention to search and process information. The article concludes by identifying several areas of opportunities for advancing our understanding of web advertising effects. Marketers and advertisers will find the current work useful, as it can be used to maximize the effectiveness of web advertising.
Hearing Screening around the World

Newborn hearing screening programs for congenital disorders and chronic diseases are expanding worldwide, and children are identified at the earliest possible stage. However, the practice is limited or absent in much of the developing world, such as Africa. Recent epidemiological studies show significant increase of hearing impairments in school-age children (around 20 in 100). Hearing disorders disturb the child ’ s perception of sound, as well as the development of speech which in consequence negatively affects the child relations in society. The early detection of hearing impairments in children enables the effective implementation of medical and rehabilitation procedures or preventive treat- ment. According to the guidelines of the European Scientific Consensus on Hearing, the detection and treatment of hearing disorders in early school-age children are of the highest importance. That idea was one of the priorities during Polish Presidency of the Council of the European Union (the second half of 2011). The Institute team, in collabora- tion with numerous national centers, has laid the groundwork for screening programs and developed methods, procedures, and devices for carrying them out. In addition, the Institute was the coordinator and producer of many programs. Based on this, two screening models have been created — newborn and school-age children.
Prevalence and Risk Factors of Gestational Diabetes Mellitus at the University of Santo Tomas Hospital

Background: Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) has b e e n a s s o c i a t e d w i t h a d v e r s e m a t e r n a l a n d f e t a l outcomes that extend beyond the postpartum period. Knowledge of its prevalence and risk factors can lead to possible preventive strategies.