Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Determining the Market for Marine Wildlife Tourism in South Africa

Viewing and interacting with wildlife in their natural habitat has become an important component of the tourism industry. Shark cage diving and whale watching are two prominent activities in South Africa and are becoming an increasingly popular tourist attraction. Humans are fascinated with these animals and want to have a closeup experience. The literature clearly indicates an increase in the interest of tourists towards marine wildlife activities. The behaviour of these participants, referring specifically to the profile, reasons for participation, and experiences when participating in marine wildlife activities, needs clarification. If these behaviours are known, marketing can be done more effectively. Gaining an understanding of why these participants join in marine wildlife activities, the industry can hopefully be managed more effectively and efficiently. Therefore, the purpose of this research is to determine the market of marine wildlife tourists in terms of shark cage diving and whale watching. Quantitative, descriptive methods are employed in the form of a survey, where questionnaires were administered to participants of shark cage diving and whale watching. The profile of these tourists is indicative of mostly international participants who have never participated in similar activities before, between the ages of 35 and 40 years. The motives of tourists to participate indicate that an experience, being educated about marine wildlife, the feeling of success gained through the activity and being close to marine wildlife are all important motivations for certain tourists. Six market segments have been identified, namely thrill seekers, thalassophiles (from the Greek ‘friends of the sea’), risk takers, adrenaline seekers, consorts and experience seekers (T2RACE). The results obtained from this research are hopefully going to be very useful for improving the understanding of the marine wildlife tourism market, development of marine wildlife tourism participation guidelines, and in enhancing quality of offerings and best practices.
Investigation on iterative multiuser detection physical layer network coding in two-way relay free-space optical links with turbulences and pointing errors

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Lead uptake, bioaccumulation and tolerance mechanisms in summer savory (Satureja hortensis L.)

The objective of this study was to determine the effects of lead (Pb) exposure on bioaccumulation, growth, and tolerance mechanisms in summer savory (Satureja hortensis L.). Plants were subjected to different levels of Pb concentrations including 0 (control), 5, 10, 25, 50 and 100 mg L -1 in growing medium. Pb treatment led to significant increase in root and shoot Pb content. Calculation of BF, TF and TC revealed that Pb prefers to be accumulated in roots of S. hortensis and root to shoot transport was effectively restricted. Pb toxicity negatively affected plant growth as indicated by significant decrease in plant dry weight as well as root and shoot length. Pb stress resulted in significant decrease in chlorophyll-a, chlorophyll-b and total chlorophyll content, whereas proline, soluble and reducing carbohydrates and anthocyanin content significantly increased as a result of Pb exposure. Specific activity of antioxidant enzymes including catalase and ascorbate peroxidase continuously increased as concentration of Pb in growing medium elevated. Based on our findings, due to high potential for Pb accumulation in root, S. hortensis may offer a feasible tool for phytostabilization purposes in mildly Pb
Comprehensive Participatory Approach as a Mechanism for Community Participation in Ecotourism

This study was conducted at the Oribi Gorge Nature Reserve (OGNR) and surrounding communities (Murchison and Eshobeni) within the Ray Nkonyeni Local Municipality (RNM) under Ugu District, KwaZulu-Natal in South Africa The study asserts that comprehensive participatory approach (CPA) could be an effective strategy for enhancing community participation in ecotourism development processes and can be explained within the expert-assisted and expert-initiated approaches. The study further asserts that both scientific and indigenous knowledge (IK) are important for facilitating comprehensive participation in ecotourism development process, especially in rural areas. Importantly, while IK may be insufficient unto itself, nor is expert knowledge lacking indigenous perspective to underpin it, they complement each other and both are needed to enhance participatory ecotourism development processes. The study aimed to find out how CPA can be used as a mechanism for community participation in ecotourism development processes at the OGNR and the surrounding communities. The study adopted an exploratory design and mixed methods approach during collection, analysis and interpretation of data. The data were interpreted to make meanings of the implicit responses against the research question. The study found that community members of the study area do not actively participate in ecotourism activities. The study concludes that a CPA needs to be incorporated in the ecotourism development activities of the study area.
Price Dynamics and Speculators in Crude Oil Futures Market

This paper examines the behaviour of crude oil futures price and volatility, analyzes the relationship between speculative traders’ positions and returns, and investigates whether speculative traders’ position changes have a significant effect on crude oil price. It also studies how speculation factor influence crude oil returns and volatility, whether returns are related to risks, and whether financial crises increase volatility in crude oil futures markets. The empirical results from Granger causality reveal that return lead speculative position, which indicates that non-commercial or managed money traders are a class of positive feedback traders or trend followers; and also reveal that the position changes held by speculative traders will cause crude oil price movement. Based on the estimation results of GARCH(1,1) model we verify position changes of non-commercial or managed money traders can impact crude oil futures returns significantly, and indicate returns are not related to conditional variance. Moreover, during the financial crisis, crude oil futures return shows an extreme large volatility. These findings can help us better understand price discovery process in crude oil futures market, and is useful in risk management and financial engineering.
Detection and Molecular Characterization of Gammacoronavirus in Quail Population in Iran

BACKGROUND: Gammacoronaviruses, which are single-stranded, positive-sense RNA viruses, are responsible for a wide variety of existing and emerging diseases in birds. The Gammacoronaviruses primarily infect avian hosts. OBJECTIVES: This study aimed to investigate the genetic diversity of Gammacoronaviruses in quail population in Iran. METHODS: In the period from 2016 to 2018, samples from 47 quail flocks with or without enteric signs, were collected from four provinces in Iran. RESULTS: Gammacoronavirus was detected in samples of 4 flocks by using RT-PCR and characterized by N gene sequencing. The isolates formed a distinct group from other Gamma- coronaviruses groups. CONCLUSIONS: The finding suggests the existence of a novel Gammacoronavirus circulating in quail farms. The phylogenetic relationship of the isolates concerning different sequences and geographical regions displayed complexity and diversity. The present study is the first detection of Gammacoronavirus in quail farms in Iran. Further studies are required and should include the isolation and experimental studies of Gammacoronaviruses in Iran.
Global exponential stabilization of language constrained switched system based on the S-procedure approach

This paper considers global exponential stabilization (GES) of switched system under language constraint which is generated by a non-deterministic finite state automaton. The S-procedure characterization is employed to provide sufficient conditions of GES which are less conservative than the existing Lyapunov-Metzler condition. Moreover, by revising the construction of Lyapunov matrices and the min-switching control policy, a more flexible result is obtained such that stabilization path at each moment might be multiple. Finally, a numerical example is given to illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed results.
Analysis of genes involved in protein-O-glycosylation in yeast , using a network of genetic interactions

The PMT œrotein O-mannosyl! ransferase) family members are involved in the initial step of protein-O-mannosylation. A large scale procedure (Systematic Genetic Array) was performed using pmtl, pmt2, pmt3, pmt5, and pmt6 as query deletions and a set of 4700 non-essential array gene deletions, to screen for query/array double deletion mutant combinations affecting growth of Saccharomyces cerevisiae. This procedure revealed a genetic interaction network consisting of 53 interacting genes. Functional grouping ofthese 53 genes revealed 9 functional categories that were analyzed according to gene function to elucidate how they might buffer defects in protein-O-mannosylation. Synthetic genetic interactions were also identified between PMT family members demonstrating redundancies among them. Protein-O-mannosylation is a protein modification conserved from yeast to human. POMTl and POMT2 (Ruman PMTs counterparts) catalyze mannosyl residue transfer in mammals, with mutations identified to be involved in Walker-Warburg Syndrome (WWS). ~72 % of the genes in the yeast PMT genetic network have human homologs, and ~55 % of these are associated with human disease. Using the yeast genetic interaction network as a model for human genetic interactions may help in the understanding of complex inherited human disease .
Performance Analysis of Unscented Kalman Filter Using Particle Swarm Optimization for Tracking Applications

The analysis of dynamic parameters of the system or process requires state estimation theory. State estimation theory is one of the best mathematical practices to analyze the variants of the system and this approach is used to generate the optimal estimate of the true state of the system. Based on the dynamics of the system state estimation process may be linear or nonlinear. When the system is linear Kalman Filter is used to estimate the states using minimum mean square error method. Mostly nonlinear systems were existed in the universe. For the state estimation of non-linear model, Unscented Kalman Filter (UKF) gives the better estimation performance. UKF is a transformation technique to measure the statistics of a random variable that changes in non-linear manner. Tuning of measurement noise and plant noise can be used for better estimation in tracking applications. The approach in this paper is to analyze the performance of Unscented Kalman Filter using Particle Swarm Optimization for sonar signal processing.
A strain based approach to calculate disparities in pore structure between shale basins during permeability evolution

We test the permeability response of Marcellus shale and Wolfcamp shale under changing strain. While magnitude of strain for a given stress is determined predominantly through mineral composition, the response of transport properties to a given strain are dependent on pore density, pore geometry, and rock fabric/mineral distribution around pores. We characterize the differences between the two shales using bulk mineralogy, SEM imaging with elemental analysis, and the cubic law for permeability evolution. We find that the Marcellus shale is comprised predominantly of clays that leads to more deformation when stressed than the Wolfcamp shale which is composed predominantly of quartz and calcite. The level of creep and compaction are directly related to the amount of clay in each shale sample. A novel result of our study is a strain-driven model to capture permeability evolution in shale due to differences in pore structure.
Relationship between the process variables and physicochemical features of liquid-core nanocapsules produced via nanoprecipitation

This study investigates the relationship between the physicochemical features of liquid-core nanocapsules created via nanoprecipitation and the adopted process variables. The process variables evaluated are the amount of coating polymer (poly--caprolactone), the amount of stabilizer polymer (poloxamer-188) and the stirring velocity. A statistical response surface methodology is employed to analyze the effect of the process variables on the physicochemical variables of size, polydispersity, zeta potential and efficiency in encapsulating a non-polar drug (carbamazepine). The results show that, although the process variables do not have a statistically significant effect on the response variables, the amount of coating polymer, the amount of stabilizer, and the stirring rate are physicochemically relevant. It is also found that the nanocapsules can contain more than 98% of the model drug, but the efficiency of the drug released may be affected by the process conditions.
Manufacturing-Machine Design Capability

Proizvajalci kupujejo proizvodne stroje, ki so zmožni obdelave nekega izdelka v določenem obdobju. Izdelki, ki se izdelujejo na teh strojih, pa se lahko zamenjajo v dobi trajanja stroja. Proizvajalci se pogosto obračajo na prvotnega proizvajalca opreme, da ocenijo zmožnost prilagoditve stroja na različico izdelka ali celo obdelavo povsem drugega izdelka. V Veliki Britaniji so proizvajalci take opreme majhna podjetja z največ 80 zaposlenimi. S tako omejenimi zmogljivstmi ni zadosti strokovnosti ne časa za izvajanje podrobne analize, kako izboljšati učinkovitost strojev. V preteklosti je bilo zato treba kupiti nove stroje, kar pa je pomenilo velik finančni zalogaj za podjetja, ki so želela predstaviti nove izdelke na že tako konkurenčnem tržišču. Ta prispevek predstavlja postopek raziskave proizvodne zmožnosti nekega stroja. Metodologija sloni na modeliranju omejitev in uporablja možnosti omejenega okolja za modeliranje variantnih oblik in omogoča primerjavo njihove odpornosti na neuspeh. Ta postopek omogoča izdelavo različnih grafičnih predstavitvenih tehnik, ki prikažejo in primerjajo omejitvene pogoje za vse stroje. O 2007 Strojniški vestnik. Vse pravice pridržane. (Ključne besede: konstruiranje strojev, prilagajanje izdelkom, modeliranje omejitev, izboljšanje učinkovitosti)
APPLICATION OF IMPROVED K-MEANS ALGORITHM IN THE DELIVERY LOCATION *

This paper had proposed an improved k-means algorithm and applied it to a living example of delivery location. At first, established an undirected weighted graph based on the actual path; Then, applied Floyd algorithm to calculate a nearest path; Finally, utilized a improved k-means algorithm which the Euclid distance was substituted by the nearest path to cluster and acquired a rational outcome. Therefore, it verified this algorithm could be employed in practical situation.
Investigation of the Effect of RF-DC Power Conversion Efficiency Single / Double Layered Dickson Rectifier Circuit Using HSMS 285 c Diode in 545 MHz to 5800 MHz GSM and ISM Bands

In this study, a Dickson Voltage Multiplier circuit is designed that is used RF energy harvesting technologies as rectifier topology. The efficiency analysis of these designs at different frequency and load values has been investigated. Advanced Design System (ADS) is used for design and simulation of single and double layer rectifier circuit. This layout was made using microstrip line. HSMS-285C diode is used in the rectifier layer. Rectifier efficiency, output voltage and load value that drive the circuit was investigated in singleand double-layer Dickson voltage multiplier when input power adjusted between -10dBm to 20dBm. In the single layer rectifier, 36% efficiency was observed at 545MHz and 32% efficiency at the double layer.
The effect of different levels of diet total volatile nitrogen on hematological parameters in broiler chickens.

This study was conducted to determine the effects of different levels of diet total volatile nitrogen on hematological parameters in broiler chickens. A total of 400 one day old, male and female, from the Ross 308 broiler chicks, were randomly allocated to one of the 25 floor pens in a completely randomized design with five treatments and five replicate groups and sixteen chicks in each group (eight males and eight females). The aim of using different levels of urea in this study due to created various levels of total volatile nitrogen in the diet were formulated by adding different amounts of urea to the basal diet different levels of total volatile nitrogen in the diet. Dietary treatments consisted of zero (control), 0.5, 1, 1.5 and 2 percentages of urea in the diets. Before starting the experiment, the TVN levels in all diets were measured after adding different levels of urea and TVN levels were 13.30, 14.95, 17.26, 23.26 and 27.47 mg per 100 g and 16.66, 15.02, 17.81, 24.66 and 26.25 TVN mg per 100 g in starter and grower diets, respectively. At 42 days of age, two males and two females from each replicate were selected and the blood samples were collected from taking wing vein. Total leukocyte counts, total erythrocyte count, packed cell volume (PCV), hemoglobin, monocytes, lymphocytes, eosinophils and heterophils were measured. In addition, increasing TVN in the broiler diets affected on leukocyte counts, erythrocytes count, PCV, hemoglobin, lymphocytes and heterophils count (P<0.05). So that increasing urea in diet higher than 0.5% (15 mg per 100 g TVN in diet) had linearly reduced, leucocytes and erythrocytes count and PCV at the end of experiment period (P<0.05). Also the regression charts shown that the linearly correlation was between TVN and hematological parameters in this study. In addition, gender was significantly effective on PCV percentage (P<0.05). Therefore, from the results this research concluded that, increasing urea in diet with more than 0.5% (15 mg per 100 g TVN in diet) has destructive effects on hematological parameters in broiler chickens.
Universit ät Graz hp-Finite Element Simulation of Three-Dimensional Eddy Current Problems on Multiply Connected Domains

This work considers the accurate and efficient finite element simulation of threedimensional eddy current problems. We review the application of H and A based formulations for multiply connected domains for the cases where the conductor has a handle and/or a hole. We focus on an hierarchical hp-finite element discretization of the A based formulation that is gauged by regularization. Based on an explicit kernel splitting of the underlying hp-finite element basis, we present a novel preconditioning technique for eddy current problems. We demonstrate its validity on multiply connected domains and include a series of numerical examples to show the effectiveness of the proposed approach.
Guest house supervisors ’ meaning cognition and its influence on job satisfaction in the context of Mombasa County , Kenya

The alignment between an employee’s work role and his/her beliefs, attitudes, values and behaviours (meaning) are critical human resource issues in guest house operations. This is because, compared to classified hotels, guest houses have a larger percentage of untrained personnel. For those with hospitality training, they are usually recruited as supervisors. This notwithstanding, the owners of guest houses tend to dictate and control almost all the operations, thus lowering employee empowerment; a major source of job satisfaction. This study sought to determine the influence of meaning, a dimension of psychological empowerment, on job satisfaction of guest house supervisors. A descriptive survey study design, focusing on the seventy-six registered guest houses in Mombasa County was used. The study utilized census, where all the supervisors in all the registered guest houses in Mombasa County were included. Primary data was collected through a semi-structured questionnaire. Pre-testing was done in three guest houses and the remaining seventy-three were included in the study. Data was analysed by means, percentages and standard deviations. Pearson correlation coefficient and linear regression were used to establish the relationship between the study variables. Findings revealed that there existed a positive and significant influence (p< 0.05) of meaning on job satisfaction (r= 0.765). This study could well be of critical importance to guest house entrepreneurs and managers who would be able to formulate and implement empowerment strategies for their supervisors and other staff. In addition, it will be helpful to organizations such as the Kenya National Chamber of Commerce and Industry, the Federation of Kenyan Employers, the Kenya Association of Hotelkeepers and Caterers and Pubs Entertainment and Restaurant Association of Kenya, in sensitizing their various members on the importance of aligning employee’s work roles to their beliefs, attitudes, values and behaviours.
Microstrip Bandpass Filter with Notch Response at 5.2 GHz using Stepped Impedance Resonator

The design of wideband bandpass filter 3 to 6 GHz integrated with notch response at 5.2GHz is presented. The filter designed based upon the shortcircuited stub structure of 5th degree, and the folded stepped impedance resonator introduced to generate a notch band to avoid the interference from existence WLAN signal. PIN diode used as switching mechanism to generate a notch band. The device designed and simulated using Advanced Design System (ADS) based on Roger Duroid 4350B with a dielectric constant of 3.48, substrate constant of 0.508mm and loss tangent 0.0019. The simulation results demonstrated that the filter is useful in communication systems such as wireless communication devices and military application.
A Sedimentation Study of Graphene Oxide in Aqueous Solution Based on Gradient Differential Centrifugation

NH = 2 3NL2 9l2 However, the GO plane may not be smooth but corrugated1,2. Because of denser distribution of HCU as the result of corrugation, the calculated number of HCU is supposed to be larger. In this case, the sp3 structure of carbon atom tends to shorten the stretching of HCU in a given direction. Taking this corrugation feature into consideration, the number of HCU can be approximately enlarges by times. It 3