Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Digestive cancer risk and occupational exposure in French farmers: results from Mutualité Sociale Agricole (MSA) medico-administrative databases

Introduction: Farmers are at lower risk to develop digestive cancer. However, it is a population frequently exposed to carcinogens, with exposure variability within the different agricultural activities. The aim of this study was to evaluate the risk of digestive cancer declaration according to the agricultural activity among French farmers. Methods: All farmers registered at least once to the social security system of French agricultural workers “Mutualite sociale agricole” (MSA) between January 2006 and December 2016 were included. In this population, declarations of digestive cancers as Long Term Disease (LTD), , were recorded from January 2012 to December 2016, specifying for each of them the subtype of cancer according to the ICD-10 classification. Using logistic models, the associations between declaration of digestive cancers and agricultural activities were studied and expressed in the form of Odds Ratio. Results: Among 899,212 farmers included, 4,438 digestive cancers were reported. The risk of developing digestive cancer was increased in wine growers (OR=1.28 [95% CI 1.16-1.42]), mainly related to an increased risk of colorectal cancer (OR=1.21 [95% CI 1.09-1.35]). An increased risk of small bowel cancer was also identified but of limited statistical significance (OR=2.19 [95% CI 1.31-3.67]). In addition, a lower risk of reporting digestive cancer was found among cereal crops (OR=0.87 [95% CI 0.8-0.95]), supported by a reduced risk of reporting stomach cancer (OR=0.6 [95% CI 0.45-0.81]). Conclusion : Our results suggest an increased risk of digestive cancer declaration among French wine growers, mainly supported by colorectal cancer. They also suggest a lower risk of digestive cancer among cereal crop growers, mainly gastric cancer.
Joint Spatial-Spectral Smoothing in a Minimum-Volume Simplex for Hyperspectral Image Super-Resolution

The limitations of hyperspectral sensors usually lead to coarse spatial resolution of acquired images. A well-known fusion method called coupled non-negative matrix factorization (CNMF) often amounts to an ill-posed inverse problem with poor anti-noise performance. Moreover, from the perspective of matrix decomposition, the matrixing of remotely-sensed cubic data results in the loss of data’s structural information, which causes the performance degradation of reconstructed images. In addition to three-dimensional tensor-based fusion methods, Craig’s minimum-volume belief in hyperspectral unmixing can also be utilized to restore the data structure information for hyperspectral image super-resolution. To address the above difficulties simultaneously, this article incorporates the regularization of joint spatial-spectral smoothing in a minimum-volume simplex, and spatial sparsity—into the original CNMF, to redefine a bi-convex problem. After the convexification of the regularizers, the alternating optimization is utilized to decouple the regularized problem into two convex subproblems, which are then reformulated by separately vectorizing the variables via vector-matrix operators. The alternating direction method of multipliers is employed to split the variables and yield the closed-form solutions. In addition, in order to solve the bottleneck of high computational burden, especially when the size of the problem is large, complexity reduction is conducted to simplify the solutions with constructed matrices and tensor operators. Experimental results illustrate that the proposed algorithm outperforms state-of-the-art fusion methods, which verifies the validity of the new fusion approach in this article.
Isolation, Identification and Pathogenicity of Flavobacterium columnare SGM4 in Catfish Clarias batrachus (Linnaeus 1758)

Objective: This study assessed the pathogenicity of Flavobacterium columnare isolated from the gill-rot of catfish, Clarias batrachus in West Bengal, India. Materials and Methods: The diseased catfish were examined as per standard laboratory practices. F. columnare SGM4 was identified based on the morphological, phenotypic and genotypic characterization. Abrasion-immersion and agar-disc diffusion methods were followed to assess the pathogenicity and antibiotic sensitivity of F. columnare, respectively. Results: The diseased catfish had white gills, tail rot, body discolouration, saddle-back, peeled skin, emaciation, and inflamed kidney. The yellow-pigmented rhizoid colonies from the gills of catfish were identified as F. columnare. Phylogenetically, F. columnare SGM4 branched with F. columnare strains. In abrasion-immersion challenge experiments, F. columnare SGM4 induced considerable mortalities (45%) in C. batrachus at 7.2×106 cells/mL at 24-30 °C. In challenged catfish, it caused cutaneous lesions, tail rot, white patches on the gills and degeneration of internal organs. F. columnare strains were highly sensitive to broad-spectrum antibiotics except for sulphafurazole. Conclusion: Adoption of good nursery practices and appropriate health management measures would help to minimize the development and spread of columnaris disease.
Treatment of Renal Anemia with Roxadustat: Advantages and Achievement

Background: Although renal anemia has attracted widespread attention, a large proportion of chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients with anemia still do not meet the hemoglobin (Hb) targets. The discovery of prolyl hydroxylase domain (PHD) enzymes as regulators of hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF)-dependent erythropoiesis has led to the development of novel therapeutic agents for renal anemia. Roxadustat, the first small-molecule HIF-PHD inhibitor, has completed the phase 3 trials. There are currently more than 15 phase 3 clinical trials worldwide assessing the efficacy and safety of roxadustat in CKD patients with anemia. This review will summarize recent findings of roxadustat in the treatment of renal anemia. Summary: Although the administration of erythropoiesis-stimulating agents (ESAs) and iron supplementation are a well-established and highly effective therapeutic approach for renal anemia, there are several safety concerns. Current findings from phase 2 and 3 trials suggest that roxadustat is clinically effective and well tolerated. On the one hand, roxadustat could increase endogenous erythropoietin (EPO) levels within or near physiological range in a titratable manner by inducing HIF pathway activation transiently. On the other hand, roxadustat also improves iron metabolism by decreasing serum hepcidin and increasing intestinal iron absorption, which is beneficial to functional iron deficiency and absolute iron deficiency. More importantly, the erythropoietic response of roxadustat is independent of baseline inflammatory state of CKD patients. Thus, the discovery of roxadustat will revolutionize the treatment strategy for renal anemia. Key Messages: Roxadustat is an emerging and promising therapeutic approach against anemia in CKD patients, which differs from those of conventional ESAs. Roxadustat corrects anemia of CKD patients through multiple pathways, beyond elevating EPO levels within physiological range, and also by handling iron metabolism (particularly decreasing the hepcidin levels). Furthermore, the Hb response of roxadustat is independent of the inflammatory microenvironment.
PHYTOCHEMICAL INVESTIGATION OF OROXYLUM

Oroxylum indicum, an endangered tree has great importance for its attributed medicinal properties. It is widely used in ayurveda and other traditional systems of medicine and has been extensively investigated. The present study was designed for the phytochemical investigation of the crude extract of Oroxylum indicum bark with special emphasis to the total phenolic content and antioxidant activity using standard chemical procedures. Preliminary phytochemical screening shows the presence of alkaloids, tannins, Saponins, flavonoids and glycosides. Antioxidant activity was determined by using 1, 1-diphenyl-2picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging and ferric reducing power assays. Total phenolic contents were expressed as gallic acid equivalent (GAE), and total antioxidant activity was expressed as ascorbic acid equivalent (AAE) of the methanol extracts bark plants of Oroxylum indicum. The methanol extract showed strong DPPH free radical scavenging activity with an IC50 value of 41.04 μg/ml compared to the positive control ascorbic acid with an IC50 value of 18.14 μg/ml. Besides, the phenolic content, of the methanol extract were found to be 13.89 mg/g of dried extract (GAE). Therefore, it is anticipated that the small amount of phenolic in the methanol extract played a moderate role in antioxidant action of this extract. Therefore, Oroxylum indicum could be used as a source of naturally occurring potent antioxidants. However, it is very important to find out the specific chemical constituents responsible for potent antioxidant activity of Oroxylum indicum.
New drugs are not enough-drug repositioning in oncology: An update

Drug repositioning refers to the concept of discovering novel clinical benefits of drugs that are already known for use treating other diseases. The advantages of this are that several important drug characteristics are already established (including efficacy, pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics and toxicity), making the process of research for a putative drug quicker and less costly. Drug repositioning in oncology has received extensive focus. The present review summarizes the most prominent examples of drug repositioning for the treatment of cancer, taking into consideration their primary use, proposed anticancer mechanisms and current development status.
Survey on Aerial Multirotor Design: a Taxonomy Based on Input Allocation

This paper reviews the impact of multirotor aerial vehicles designs on their abilities in terms of tasks and system properties. We propose a general taxonomy to characterize and describe multirotor aerial vehicles and their design, which we apply exhaustively on the vast literature available. Thanks to the systematic characterization of the designs we exhibit groups of designs having the same abilities in terms of achievable tasks and system properties. In particular, we organize the literature review based on the number of atomic actuation units and we discuss global properties arising from their choice and spatial distribution in the designs. Finally, we provide a discussion on the common traits of the designs found in the literature and the main future open problems.
Untersuchung zur Asymmetrie der Spannung in Niederspanungsnetzen mit hoher Photovoltaik-Durchdringung

Die Nutzung erneuerbarer Energien nimmt seit Inkrafttreten des Erneuerbare Energien Gesetzes im Jahr 2000 jährlich stark zu und leistete im Jahr 2011 mit einem Anteil von bereits 20 % einen wesentlichen Beitrag am elektrischen Endenergieverbrauch [1]. Entsprechend dem Dargebot der unterschiedlichen Energiequellen haben sich starke regionale Unterschiede in der Zusammensetzung der regenerativen Erzeugung ergeben. Aufgrund stärkerer Globalstrahlung und damit verbundenen höheren möglichen Jahreserträgen hat sich die Nutzung der Sonnenenergie mittels Photovoltaik (PV) vor allem im Süden Deutschlands ausgebreitet und ist mit insgesamt 31,6 GWp installierter Modulleistung in Deutschland (Stand 31.10.2012) [2] stark vertreten. Dabei ist der zahlenmäßige Großteil der PV-Erzeuger aufgrund der geringen Leistung der Einzelanlagen in der Niederspannungsebene anzutreffen.
Model‐Based Properties of the Dayside Open/Closed Boundary: Is There a UT‐Dependent Variation?

The open‐closed boundary (OCB) defines a region of significant transformation in Earth's protective magnetic shield. Principle among these changes is the transition of magnetic field lines from having two foot points, one in each hemisphere, to one foot point at Earth, the other mapping to the solar wind. Charged particles in the solar wind are able to follow these open field lines into Earth's upper atmosphere. The OCB also defines the polar cap boundary. Being able to identify and track the OCB allows study of several components of the geomagnetic system. Among them are the electrodynamics of the geomagnetic field and the reconnection balance between the dayside and nightside of the geomagnetic field. Furthermore, the OCB can provide insights into the precipitation of energetic protons into the ionosphere. Using the Tsyganenko model of the geomagnetic field (T96), we demonstrate a diurnal fluctuation which we call the Universal Time (UT) effect of the OCB. This UT effect is independent of all other inputs. We anticipate this UT effect to have important consequences in modeling the OCB and other polar cap‐associated structures, especially polar cap absorption events that adversely affect high‐frequency radio wave propagation in polar regions.
University of São Paulo “Luiz de Queiroz” College of Agriculture Potato starch modification using the ozone technology

Potato starch modification using the ozone technology Starch modification is a widely employed and important technique, allowing to obtain ingredients with different characteristics, expanding the range of applications of starches and bringing competitive advantages for different industries. Despite the production of toxic residues, and despite the increasing concern about environmental issues, the use of chemical agents in starch modification by oxidation is still very popular. Ozone can be a solution to change it, since is a very powerful oxidising agent that can be quickly decomposed into oxygen, whose residues meet the global demand for sustainability. Therefore, it can be a safer alternative for both consumers and environment. In this work the use of ozone in aqueous solution as a starch modification method was evaluated. The effects of the different ozonation times on the structure and properties of the potato starch were investigated. With increasing the ozonation time, it was observed an increase in the carbonyl, carboxyl and reducing sugar contents, as well as a decrease in the pH, apparent amylose content and molecular size, demonstrating that the potato starch processed with ozone was modified in its molecular level. Further, X-ray diffraction analysis showed no significant changes in the relative crystallinity of the granules, while in the microscopy analysis it was observed some alterations in the granules morphology. All these changes directly affected the modified starch properties, resulting in significant differences in the pasting properties, gel texture and paste clarity. The obtained results are promising, since they can prove the effectiveness of using ozone, a still little explored and sustainable method, as an efficient oxidizing agent for starch modification.
Narrating crises and populism in Southern Europe: Regimes of metaphor

The aim of this article is to propose an exploratory critical response to the two following main research questions: (1) why, in moments of crises, particular metaphors operate in the construction of interrelated cultural narratives; and (2) in which ways metaphors generate alternative intellectual horizons for social renewal under the rise of populism in the Southern European context. A metaphor is not only a linguistic device but also a cognitive operation that configures and shapes the pre-figurative poetic acts which articulate our worldviews. It is my working hypothesis that by studying the metaphorical systematicity produced within certain imagined communities, it is possible to ground the conceptual system that informs cultural and political practices such as populist movements, while also tracing novel metaphors that can activate renewal and produce structural change in our societies. In this essay, I propose to critically define such conceptual systems as ‘regimes of metaphor’.
EB_A_176931 25..31

Teng Leng Ooi Zijiang J He 2 1College of Optometry, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA; 2Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, USA Abstract: Eye dominance refers to the preference to use one eye more than the fellow eye to accomplish a task. However, the dominant eye revealed can be task dependent especially when the tasks are as diverse as instructing the observer to sight a target through a ring, or to report which half-image is perceived more of during binocular rivalry stimulation. Conventionally, the former task is said to reveal motor eye dominance while the latter task reveals sensory eye dominance. While the consensus is that the motor and sensory-dominant eye could be different in some observers, the reason for it is still unclear and has not been much researched. This review mainly focuses on advances made in recent studies of sensory eye dominance. It reviews studies conducted to quantify and relate sensory eye dominance to other visual functions, in particular to stereopsis, as well as studies conducted to explore its plasticity. It is recognized that sensory eye dominance in observers with clinically normal vision shares some similarity with amblyopia at least at the behavioral level, in that both exhibit an imbalance of interocular inhibition. Furthermore, sensory eye dominance is probably manifested at multiple sites along the visual pathway, perhaps including the level of ocular dominance columns. But future studies with high-resolution brain imaging approaches are required to confirm this speculation in the human visual system.
Variation in Soil Physiochemical Properties at Different Land Use Sites in Northeastern Nigeria

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EULERIAN AND LAGRANGIAN ASPECTS

In this paper the Rossby dynamics, which is one of the main aspects of the oceanic wind-driven variability, is reviewed, and the Lagrangian chaos associated with Rossby waves in a closed domain is discussed in order to put in evidence Rossby wave transport properties. A discussion of the basic features of planetary and topographic, barotropic and baroclinic Rossby waves is presented. Evidence of the relevance baroclinic planetary waves have in shaping the wind-driven response of large oceans, both at mid and low latitudes, is given by discussing data obtained recently by the TOPEX/POSEIDON altimeter. As far as the Mediterranean Sea is concerned, modeling results are shown supporting the possibility that barotropic planetary Rossby wave variability be present in the western basin. The discrete spectrum associated with the Rossby dynamics in a closed domain is then considered. Numerical results concerning the Strait of Sicily and the Iceland-Faeroe ridge are presented as examples of topographic Rossby normal modes. Laboratory modeling of such dynamical features performed in the large “Coriolis” rotating tank in Grenoble is also discussed. We then pass to consider an analytical model for Rossby normal modes in a circular domain, and the Lagrangian chaos associated with these motions. The Poincaré maps of the evolution of an initial patch of particles show the different degree of Lagrangian chaos for different amplitudes of the flow and the classical stirring and folding of material lines. The first normal mode leads to a strong mixing in the direction of phase propagationwhile the secondmode produces a stronger dispersion in the normal direction. A quantitative analysis of chaotic advection is carried out by computing in several relevant cases the particle pair correlation function H and the Finite Size Lyapunov Exponent, yielding that such a mechanism may contribute significantly to tracer dispersion in basins characterized by the presence of Rossby normal modes.
(TIGAR) was lower in patients with glioma harboring IDH1 mutations compared with that in patients with IDH1‐WT. TIGAR‐knockdown increases the radiosensitivity of glioma cells; in U87MG cells, IDH1‐R132H suppressed TIGAR expression. Chromatin immunoprecipitation assays revealed increased levels of re

Isocitrate dehydrogenase 1 (IDH1) is the most frequently mutated gene in World Health Organization grade II-III and secondary glioma. The majority of IDH1 mutation cases involve the substitution from arginine to histidine at codon 132 (IDH1-R132H). Although the oncogenic role of IDH1‐R132H has been confirmed, patients with IDH1‐R132H brain tumors exhibit a better response to radiotherapy compared with those with wild‐type (WT) IDH1. In the present study, the potential mechanism of radiosensitization mediated by IDH1‐R132H was investigated by overexpressing IDH1-R132H in U87MG glioma cells. The results demonstrated decreased clonogenic capacity of IDH1‐R132H‐expressing cells, as well as delayed repair of DNA double‐strand breaks compared with IDH1‐WT. Data from The Cancer Genome Atlas were analyzed, which demonstrated that the expression of TP53‐induced glycolysis and apoptosis regulator (TIGAR) was lower in patients with glioma harboring IDH1 mutations compared with that in patients with IDH1‐WT. TIGAR‐knockdown increases the radiosensitivity of glioma cells; in U87MG cells, IDH1‐R132H suppressed TIGAR expression. Chromatin immunoprecipitation assays revealed increased levels of repressive H3K9me3 markers at the TIGAR promoter in IDH1‐R132H compared with IDH1‐WT. These data indicated that IDH1-R132H may overcome radioresistance in glioma cells through epigenetic suppression of TIGAR expression. However, these favorable effects were not observed in U87MG glioma stem‐like cells. The results of the present study provide an improved understanding of the functionality of IDH1 mutations in glioma cells, which may improve the therapeutic efficacy of radiotherapy.
Mikromatriser i kreftforskning – nå trenger vi ikke lete bare under gatelyktene!

BACKGROUND: Researchers have worked for decades to solve the enigma of cancer. We know that essential checkpoints in the life cycle of cells have to be disrupted in order to create a tumour cell, and some of the genes and proteins involved have been identified. Most of the previous work on identifying these genes have been based on "educated guesswork", as the methods and technologies used have been limited to the examination of genes one by one, or a few at a time. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Microarray technology allows tens of thousands of genes to be examined at the same time, without any previous information on the genes. Both expression levels and copy numbers of the genes can be evaluated. Our studies of breast cancer and bone tumours are presented, as well as examples from the literature. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION: Microarray analyses have been used to produce molecular portraits of breast cancer, malignant melanomas and other cancers. These portraits may help in sub-classification of tumours, in prognosis, and in the general understanding of cancer. For example, studies of gene expression patterns of breast carcinomas, similar with respect to classic prognostic markers (such as ER status, grading and morphology), have identified subgroups of patients that show differences in survival.