Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Exercise and the Cardiac Patient-Success Is Just Steps Away

Physical activity is an essential lifestyle intervention for the patient with existing cardiovascular disease. National guidelines describe the importance of and define the minimal doses of daily physical activity including walking 10,000 steps a day (equivalent to 5 miles) or performing 30 minutes of moderate-intensity aerobic activity most days of the week in 10- to 15-minute bouts. However, cardiac patients are often fearful that increasing physical activity would be detrimental and cause chest pain or myocardial infarction. Research has shown that cardiac patients can perform a walking program safely. Patient education; development of a realistic plan; measurement of the frequency, intensity, duration, and type of physical activity attained; and consistent follow-up over time are key strategies. This article provides important information for healthcare providers to plan a safe and efficacious walking plan to increase physical activity in the cardiac patient.
Prevalence of and risk factors for diabetic macular edema in the United States.

IMPORTANCE Diabetic macular edema (DME) is a leading cause of vision loss in persons with diabetes mellitus. Although there are national estimates for the prevalence of diabetic retinopathy and its risk factors among persons with diabetes, to our knowledge, no comparable estimates are available for DME specifically. OBJECTIVES To estimate the prevalence of DME in the US population and to identify associated risk factors. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS A cross-sectional analysis of 1038 participants aged 40 years or older with diabetes and valid fundus photographs in the 2005 to 2008 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES The overall prevalence of DME and its prevalence according to age, race/ethnicity, and sex. RESULTS Of the 1038 persons with diabetes analyzed for this study, 55 had DME, for an overall weighted prevalence of 3.8% (95% CI, 2.7%-4.9%) or approximately 746, 000 persons in the US 2010 population aged 40 years or older. We identified no differences in the prevalence of DME by age or sex. Multivariable logistic regression analysis showed that the odds of having DME were higher for non-Hispanic blacks than for non-Hispanic whites (odds ratio [OR], 2.64; 95% CI, 1.19-5.84; P = .02). Elevated levels of glycosylated hemoglobin A1c (OR, 1.47; 95% CI, 1.26-1.71 for each 1%; P < .001) and longer duration of diabetes (OR, 8.51; 95% CI, 3.70-19.54 for ≥ 10 vs <10 years; P < .001) were also associated with DME prevalence. CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE These results suggest a greater burden of DME among non-Hispanic blacks, individuals with high levels of hemoglobin A1c, and those with longer duration of diabetes. Given recent treatment advances in reducing vision loss and preserving vision in persons with DME, it is imperative that all persons with diabetes receive early screening; this recommendation is even more important for those at higher risk for DME.
16 Calcium Dobesilate in Prevention and Treatment of Diabetic Retinopathy Old

Diabetic retinopathy is a leading cause of adult vision loss and blindness. Angioprotective drugs are one of possibilities, which can be used in treatment of diabetic retinopathy. Nearly all of them are very efficient antioxidants or reactive oxygen and nitrogen species (RONS) scavengers. They often contain phenolic groups. Most of them are glycosides of plant origin with aglycones of flavonoid structure, i.e. aglycones are polyhydroxylated derivatives of 2phenyl-4H-chromen-2-one or 2-phenyl-4H-1-benzopyran-4-one. Quercetin, which is the aglycone of many glycosides including rutoside, can serve as a typical example. Other glycosides, such as a saponoside escine (Reparil®) isolated from seeds of horse chestnut Aesculus hippocastaneum, have triterpenic aglycones. (In fact, escin is a mixture of several related compounds. The particular structure on the Figure I express escin I that is a mixture of two geometric isomers. They differ in E or Z configuration of 2-methylbut-2-enoyl, which is attached to originally hydroxyl oxygen in position 21 of the triterpenoid scaffold.) (Kim et al., 2004, Carrasco  Vidrio, 2007). Flavonoid glycosides have poor bioavailability that is due to their low lipophilicity. This problem has been solved by etherification of phenolic groups of flavonoid aglycones with hydroxyalkyl such as hydroxyethyl groups (troxerutin) in past (Agolini  Cavallini, 1987, Wadworth  Faulds, 1992) Troxerutin was demonstrated to attenuate neovascularization in retinopathy in streptozocin-induced diabetic rats (Chung et al., 2005). More recently, increased bioavailability of flavonoid glycosides is reached by micronisation without changing their chemical structures. Preparations such as Detralex® or Daflon® contain standardized and micronized flavonoid fraction characterized by its content of diosmin, which is their main active constituent. Their activity in the treatment of diabetic retinopathy was clearly demonstrated (Lacombe et al., 1989). There is nearly only one exception among these quite complex compounds: calcium dobesilate (Danium ®, Doxium ®, Dexium®), which is a very simple synthetic molecule: calcium 2,5dihydroxybenzenesulfonate (see Figure 1)
SNARE Proteins Underpin Insulin‐Regulated GLUT4 Traffic

Delivery of the glucose transporter type 4 (GLUT4) from an intracellular location to the cell surface in response to insulin represents a specialized form of membrane traffic, known to be impaired in the disease states of insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes. Like all membrane trafficking events, this translocation of GLUT4 requires members of the SNARE family of proteins. Here, we discuss two SNARE complexes that have been implicated in insulin‐regulated GLUT4 traffic: one regulating the final delivery of GLUT4 to the cell surface in response to insulin and the other controlling GLUT4's intracellular trafficking.
Effect of spices formulations on the physicochemical and sensory properties of Nnam gon, a Cameroonian dish prepared with cucurbitaceae seeds

Abstract Nnam gon, a cake made by steam cooking a mixture of Cucurbitaceae seeds paste and others ingredients specially spices, is a highly prized dish in Central African region. A preliminary investigation conducted as part of this study highlighted that formulations used in the processing of Nnam gon vary according to the spices used. This study was carried out to determine the best formulation for the preparation of this dish. For this purpose, Nnam gon samples were produced from four formulations which differ according to the number of spices used: F0 (no spices); F1 (0.91 g of Allium cepa paste); F2 (0.88 g of A. cepa paste, 0.35 g of Allium sativum paste, 0.41 g of fresh Officinale zingiber paste, 0.41 g of fresh Petroselinum crispum paste, 0.33 g of Monodora myristica, 0.48 g of fresh Celery graveolens paste, 1.19 g of fresh Allium porrum paste, 0.13 g of Allium lepidophyllus powder, and 0.13 g of Piper nigrum), and F3 (0.90 g of A. cepa paste, 0.35 g of A. sativum paste, and 0.42 g of fresh O. zingiber paste). The samples were evaluated for their physicochemical characteristics and sensory profile (Quantitative Descriptive Analysis). The results revealed that proteins (16.56–17.38%), carbohydrates (4.71–5.10%), lipids (23.14–24.25%), ash (4.03–5.92%), and fibers (2.17–2.68%) increased significantly (p < .05) with spices adding. The increase in polyphenols (310.55–592.80 mg/100 g FM) and phytates (2.23–12.49 mg/100 g FM) contents was positively correlated with antioxidant properties of Nnam gon which also increased with spices adding. Significant differences were observed between the samples for all attributes generated (appearance, odor, taste, flavor, texture, and oral texture). Spices adding induced a decrease in hardness, cohesivity, elasticity, and granulous of cake but enhanced oily. Nnam gon produced with spicy formulation (F2 and F3) had higher mean score for general acceptance which was highly correlated (p < .05) with spice odor (r = .99), spice taste (r = .92), and color (r = .84). From this study, it is suggested that spicy Cucurbitaceae paste could improve nutritional value, antioxidant properties, and general acceptance of Nnam gon.
Platelet-type von Willebrand disease: a rare, often misdiagnosed and underdiagnosed bleeding disorder.

Platelet-type von Willebrand disease (PT-VWD) is an autosomal dominant rare bleeding disorder characterized by hyperresponsive platelets. This inherent platelet function defect is due to a gain-of-function mutation within the GP1BA gene coding for the platelet surface glycoprotein Ib alpha protein, the receptor for the adhesive protein von Willebrand factor (VWF). The defect results in excessive and unnecessary platelet-VWF interaction with subsequent removal of the hemostatically efficient high molecular weight VWF as well as platelets from the circulation, leading to thrombocytopenia and bleeding diathesis. Patients with PT-VWD present with mild to moderate mucocutaneous bleeding, which becomes more pronounced during pregnancy and following aspirin ingestion or drugs that have antiplatelet activity. Laboratory testing shows low VWF:ristocetin cofactor and low or normal VWF:antigen and characteristically an enhanced ristocetin-induced platelet agglutination (RIPA). These laboratory features are also indicators of the closely similar and more common bleeding disorder type 2B VWD. Simplified RIPA mixing assays, cryoprecipitate challenge, and flow cytometry can differentiate between the two disorders. However, the gold standard is to identify mutations within the VWF gene (indicating type 2B VWD) or the platelet GP1BA gene (confirming PT-VWD). Treatment is based on making a correct diagnosis of PT-VWD where platelet concentrates instead of VWF/factor VIII preparations should be administered. A recent fairly large retrospective/prospective registry-based international study showed that PT-VWD is very rare, likely to be misdiagnosed as type 2B VWD or idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura, and represents 15% of type 2B VWD diagnoses.
The Monkey and Human Uridine Diphosphate-Glucuronosyltransferase UGT1A9, Expressed in Steroid Target Tissues, Are Estrogen-Conjugating Enzymes.

Considering the physiologic importance of the steroid response, which is regulated in part by steroid levels in a given tissue, relatively little is known about steroid glucuronidation, which is widely accepted as a major pathway involved in the catabolism and elimination of steroid hormones from the human body. In a previous study, it was ascertained that the monkey may be the most appropriate model in which to examine the role of steroid glucuronidation. Northern blot analysis of simian RNA, hybridized with human UGT complementary DNA (cDNA) probes demonstrate the similarity of the transcripts. The simian UGT1A09 cDNA isolated from a liver library is 2396 bp and contains an open reading frame encoding 530 amino acids. The predicted primary structure is most homologous to the human UGT1A9 (hUGT1A9) enzyme, which share 93% identity. Stable transfection of the monkey UGT1A09 (monUGT1A09) cDNA into HK293 cells, expresses a microsomal protein with an apparent molecular mass of 55 kDa. Of the more than 30 end.
Design and performance evaluation of low-voltage/high-current DC/DC on-board modules

The topology selection, design and performance evaluation of an on-board DC/DC converter, which delivers power from a 48-V input to a 1.2-1.65 V/70 A microprocessor load, are presented. It was shown that the symmetrical half-bridge topology with the current doubler and synchronous rectifiers is a suitable approach for this application. The measured full-load efficiency of a 200-kHz experimental half-bridge converter was higher than 82% in the entire output and input voltage range.
Evaluation of Cacao Husk Ash Extract as Coagulant Aid in the Removal of Turbidity in Low Alkalinity Aqua Medium

The need to ameliorate some of the inherent limitations in the use of alum in water purification engendered these studies. Synthetic water of varying turbidities (50, 100, 300 NTU) and varying pHs (2, 3, and 4), but low alkalinity were prepared. The results from the different studies showed that water of lower residual turbidity could be got from the use of 50% of optimum alum dose when combined with CHAE as coagulant aid. The depression in the pH of the treated, usually experienced with alum use, could be avoided with the use of CHAE as coagulant aid. Studies on the effect of using CHAE, as coagulant aid, on the kinetics of flocculation showed that the removal rate of the CHAE/alum combination was faster than that of the alum alone and the redistribution and redispersion of the flocs, observed with the use of alum alone was not noticed when the coagulant aid was used. The sludge volume was also greatly reduced with the use of CHAE as coagulant aid.
A Case of Carcinoma Showing Thymus-Like Differentiation with a Rapidly Lethal Course

A 55-year-old woman underwent a total thyroidectomy for carcinoma showing thymus-like differentiation (CASTLE). The patient was referred to our hospital after the tumor was found to have directly invaded the cervical esophagus and the entire circumference of the trachea. A total thyroidectomy was performed, followed by end-to-end anastomosis of the trachea, suprahyoid release and dissection of bilateral pulmonary ligaments. No major complications, including anastomotic dehiscence or stenosis, were observed. The patient experienced some swallowing disturbances and hoarseness during the perioperative period but fully recovered. Radiotherapy to the neck was performed as an adjuvant therapy. Eleven months after surgery, lower back pain and right leg numbness developed and led to gait inability. Multiple lung and bone recurrences were observed, but no local recurrence. Palliative radiotherapy to the bone metastasis was performed. The patient died of pleural metastasis 14 months after the initial diagnosis of CASTLE.
Rigorous lower bound on the dynamic critical exponent of some multilevel Swendsen-Wang algorithms.

We prove the rigorous lower bound {ital z}{sub exp}{ge}{alpha}/{nu} for the dynamic critical exponent of a broad class of multilevel (or multigrid'') variants of the Swendsen-Wang algorithm. This proves that such algorithms do suffer from critical slowing down. We conjecture that such algorithms in fact lie in the same dynamic universality class as the stanard Swendsen-Wang algorithm.
4 Sensorimotor Integration in Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis Patients

Adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) is a multifactorial disorder with more questions than answers. In past years, research has mainly focused on 5 areas: genetic factors, neurological mechanism dysfunction, hormone/metabolic dysfunction, skeletal growth abnormalities, and biomechanical factors. As adolescents with any known functional or structural disorder in the somatosensory pathway are more susceptible to scoliosis during growth than healthy adolescents, it is possible that subclinical somatosensory impairment may be associated with AIS.
Fluoxetine for acute treatment of depression in children and adolescents: a placebo-controlled, randomized clinical trial.

BACKGROUND This report presents results from the acute treatment phase of a clinical trial designed to confirm efficacy of a fixed dose of 20 mg of fluoxetine in children and adolescents with major depressive disorder (MDD). METHOD After a 3-week screening period, 122 children and 97 adolescents with MDD ( ) were randomly assigned to placebo or fluoxetine. After a 1-week placebo lead-in, fluoxetine-treated patients received fluoxetine 10 mg/day for 1 week, then fluoxetine 20 mg/day for 8 weeks. RESULTS Fluoxetine was associated with greater mean improvement in Children's Depression Rating Scale-Revised (CDRS-R) score than placebo after 1 week ( <.05) and throughout the study period. Significantly more fluoxetine-treated patients (41%) met the prospectively defined criteria for remission than did placebo-treated patients (20%) ( <.01). More fluoxetine- (65%) than placebo-treated (53%) patients met the prospectively defined response criterion of > or =30% decrease in CDRS-R score, but this difference was not significant ( =.093). Significantly more fluoxetine-than placebo-treated patients completed acute treatment ( =.001). There were no significant differences between treatment groups in discontinuations due to adverse events ( =.408). CONCLUSION Fluoxetine 20 mg daily appears to be well tolerated and effective for acute treatment of MDD in child and adolescent outpatients. Fluoxetine is the only antidepressant that has demonstrated efficacy in two placebo-controlled, randomized clinical trials of pediatric depression.
Different lineage involvement in myelodysplastic/myeloproliferative disease with combined MPLW515L and JAK2V617F mutation

Engels, E.A. , Pfeiffer, R.M. , Goedert, J.J., Virgo, P., McNeel, T.S. , Scoppa, S.M. & Biggar, R.J. (2006) Trends in cancer risk among people with AIDS in the United States 1980–2002. AIDS, 20, 1645– 1654. Godley, L.A. & Larson, R.A. (2008) Therapy-related myeloid leukemia. Seminars in Oncology, 35, 418–429. Hessol, N.A. , Pipkin, S. , Schwarcz, S. , Cress, R.D. , Bacchetti, P. & Scheer, S. (2007) The impact of highly active antiretroviral therapy on non-AIDS-defining cancers among adults with AIDS. American Journal of Epidemiology, 165, 1143–1153. Inoue, T. , Cronkite, E.P., Hirabayashi, Y. , Bullis, Jr, J.E. , Mitsui, H. & Umemura, T. (1997) Lifetime treatment of mice with azidothymidine (AZT) produces myelodysplasia. Leukemia, 11(Suppl. 3), 123– 127. Zhou, S.F. , Wang, L.L. , Di, Y.M. , Xue, C.C. , Duan, W. , Li, C.G. & Li, Y. (2008) Substrates and inhibitors of human multidrug resistance associated proteins and the implications in drug development. Current Medicinal Chemistry, 15, 1981–2039.
Application of nyaya inference method for feature selection and ranking in classification algorithms

The success of machine learning (ML) algorithms depends on the quality of data given to them. If the input data contains insufficient or irrelevant features, the accuracy of machine learning algorithm decreases. Attribute selection has a key role in creation of classification models. Based on the ‘logic behind the inference’ principle in the Nyaya school of thought, this paper proposes a new method — Nyaya Inference Method for Attribute selection and Ranking (NIMAR), for feature selection for the two class classification problem. The Anvayavyatireka Vyapti and hetvabhasa methodologies of the Nyaya school of thought were used for ranking attributes, and removal of irrelevant attributes, respectively. The NIMAR approach showed a remarkable improvement in accuracy compared to the principal component analysis (PCA) method and as good as the Relief feature selection algorithm and the information gain (IG) methods.
Fouille de motifs séquentiels avec ASP

Cet article presente l’utilisation de la programmation par ensembles reponses (ASP) pour repondre a une tâche de fouille de motifs sequentiels. La syntaxe de l’ASP, proche du Prolog, en fait un langage tres pertinent pour representer des connaissances de maniere aisee et ses mecanismes de resolution, bases sur des solveurs efficaces, en font une solution alternative aux approches de programmation par contraintes pour la fouille declarative de motifs. Nous proposons un premier encodage de la tâche classique d’extraction de motifs sequentiels et de ses variantes (motifs clos et maximaux). Nous comparons les performances calculatoires de ses encodages avec une approche de programmation par contraintes. Les performances obtenues sont inferieures aux approches de programmation par contraintes, mais l’encodage purement declaratif offre plus de perspectives d’integration de connaissances expertes.
Analysis in Vitro of the Enzyme CRTISO Establishes a Poly-cis-Carotenoid Biosynthesis Pathway in Plants1

Most enzymes in the central pathway of carotenoid biosynthesis in plants have been identified and studied at the molecular level. However, the specificity and role of cis-trans-isomerization of carotenoids, which occurs in vivo during carotene biosynthesis, remained unresolved. We have previously cloned from tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) the CrtISO gene, which encodes a carotene cis-trans-isomerase. To study the biochemical properties of the enzyme, we developed an enzymatic in vitro assay in which a purified tomato CRTISO polypeptide overexpressed in Escherichia coli cells is active in the presence of an E. coli lysate that includes membranes. We show that CRTISO is an authentic carotene isomerase. Its catalytic activity of cis-to-trans isomerization requires redox-active components, suggesting that isomerization is achieved by a reversible redox reaction acting at specific double bonds. Our data demonstrate that CRTISO isomerizes adjacent cis-double bonds at C7 and C9 pairwise into the trans-configuration, but is incapable of isomerizing single cis-double bonds at C9 and C9′. We conclude that CRTISO functions in the carotenoid biosynthesis pathway in parallel with ζ-carotene desaturation, by converting 7,9,9′-tri-cis-neurosporene to 9′-cis-neurosporene and 7′9′-di-cis-lycopene into all-trans-lycopene. These results establish that in plants carotene desaturation to lycopene proceeds via cis-carotene intermediates.
Preoperative Sonographic Radial Artery Evaluation and Correlation With Subsequent Radiocephalic Fistula Outcome

Objective. Primary failure of forearm radiocephalic dialysis fistulas is common even when preoperative vascular mapping is used. Previous studies have suggested that low peak systolic velocity of the radial artery predicts subsequent fistula failure. The study goal was to evaluate whether preoperative spectral Doppler assessment of radial artery inflow can improve forearm fistula outcome prediction. Methods. Forearm fistulas were placed in 112 patients after preoperative sonographic mapping. Preoperative spectral Doppler sonography measured radial artery peak systolic velocity during tight fist clenching for 3 minutes and after fist relaxation. Vessel diameters and peak systolic velocity were assessed for predictive value based on subsequent fistula adequacy. Fistula flow rates were determined 6 to 12 weeks postoperatively in a subset of patients. Results. Failed and successful fistulas were similar in their preoperative arterial and vein diameters, resistive index, and peak systolic velocity during fist clenching and after fist relaxation. Specifically, there was no difference in fistula success with radial artery peak systolic velocity lower than 50 cm/s versus peak systolic velocity of 50 cm/s or higher. The change in peak systolic velocity after fist relaxation was highly predictive of subsequent fistula outcome among female patients in ad hoc analysis. Fistula adequacy for dialysis in women was 11% when the change in peak systolic velocity was lower than 0 cm/s and 50% when the change was 0 cm/sec or higher (P = .02). The postoperative fistula flow rates were lower when the preoperative change in peak systolic velocity was lower than 0 cm/s than when it was 0 cm/s or higher (316 ± 46 versus 781 ± 150 mL/min; P = .003). Conclusions. There was no difference in the preoperative peak systolic velocity or the resistive index of successful and failed fistulas. Measurement of the radial artery peak systolic velocity change after release of fist clenching was not useful in predicting outcomes in male patients but identified a subset of female patients with a very low likelihood of success. This criterion may merit further investigation in future trials.