Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Decision Support System for Open Vehicle Routing With Transhipments and Stopovers

Transshipments and stopovers are considered to be an effective method to reduce traveling distance where a transportation job can be served by two vehicles: One picks up a load and drops it at a transshipment point and then another vehicle carries that load to the final delivery place. The goal of this study is to develop a decision support system for open vehicle routing with transshipments and stopovers. We propose a heuristic to find transshipments and stopovers opportunities from an initial routing. Decision methods consist of four main processes: (1) Searching jobs that allow transshipment opportunity, (2) searching paths that allow transshipment opportunity, (3) matching paths and (4) selecting jobs to create new paths with transshipment. The output is the improved routing with transshipments and stopovers, resulting lower total costs. From computational experiments, our proposed method could reduce the systemâs total cost up to 12.42 percent as compared to the typical routing without transshipments and stopovers. We design system database and user interfaces, considering all input requirement entering and result displays that are easily used, so that the system can be effectively applied in actual working environments.
Complementary Spiral Resonators for Ultrawideband Suppression of Simultaneous Switching Noise in High-Speed Circuits

In this paper, a novel concept for ultra-wideband simultaneous switching noise (SSN) mitigation in high-speed printed circuit boards (PCBs) is proposed. Using complementary spiral resonators (CSRs) etched on only a single layer of the power plane and cascaded co-centrically around the noise port, ultra-wideband SSN suppression by 30dB is achieved in a frequency span ranging from 340MHz to beyond 10GHz. By placing a slit in the co-centric rings, lower cut-ofi frequency is reduced to 150MHz, keeping the rest of the structure unaltered. Finally, the power plane structure with modifled complementary spiral resonators (MCSRs) is designed, fabricated, and evaluated experimentally. Measurement and simulation results are in well-agreement.
The end of history and the last man, F. Fukuyama : boekbespreking

Francis Fukuyama was voorheen verbonde aan die afdeling Politieke Beplanning van die VSA se Departement van Buitelandse Sake (State Department). Tans is hy konsultant van die Rand Corporation in Washington DC. Sy artikel "The end of history", wat in die Washingtonse kwartaalblad National Interest (16) in die somer van 1989 verskyn het, is in verskeie tale vertaal en het wye reaksie uitgelok. The end of history and the last man is 'n uitgebreide verwerking van bogenoemde artikel.
Correction: Effects of the Staphylococcus aureus and Staphylococcus epidermidis Secretomes Isolated from the Skin Microbiota of Atopic Children on CD4+ T Cell Activation

to replace incorrectly published Supporting Information files. The originally published, uncorrected Supporting Information files and the republished, corrected Supporting Information files are provided here for reference. open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.
Growth traits of four maternal lines of rabbits founded on different criteria: comparisons at foundation and at last periods after selection.

The objective was to compare growth traits in four maternal lines of rabbits (A, V, H and LP), with the aim of understanding the consequence of the different foundation and selection processes on the growth performance of the lines. The lines are currently in the 43th, 38th, 22th and 8th generations, respectively. Two comparisons were performed. One compared the values of the lines at their foundation, using the complete data set, the full pedigree and a two-trait analysis, including data on the selection criteria, litter size. The other comparisons were done during the last period when all the lines were housed together with the same feeding and management. The numbers of records were 323 208 for weaning weight, and 300 553 for slaughter weight and average daily Gain (from 46 708 l). The pedigree file included 346 638 animals. The second analysis used only the data corresponding to each period, and the analysis was conducted using a one-trait model. The model was the same as that defined for the comparisons at the foundation, but the additive effects were excluded. The H and LP lines showed highest values for all the traits compared. In the last periods, a good agreement was observed between the estimated differences, computed with the complete model and data set, or computed with an incomplete model and only data from the comparison period. At last periods, the differences were smaller than at foundation. The importance of the correlated response in growth after selection for litter size at weaning or the importance of a non-programmed intramating selection for the growth traits can explain the changes since foundation.
Evaluation of recurrent nodal disease after definitive radiation therapy for nasopharyngeal carcinoma: Diagnostic value of fine‐needle aspiration cytology and CT scan

Recurrent nodal disease in patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) after definitive radiotherapy presents a difficult clinical problem. This cohort of patients poses a diagnostic challenge to the head and neck surgeon because evaluation of the post‐irradiated neck, both clinically and radiologically, is known to be difficult, and it is not uncommon for neck dissection specimen in suspected recurrent nodal disease to contain no viable tumor cells. Currently, there is no well‐accepted method for the preoperative determination of the presence of malignancy in these nodal diseases.
Evidence for Ezrin-Radixin-Moesin-binding Phosphoprotein 50 (EBP50) Self-association through PDZ-PDZ Interactions*

Ezrin-radixin-moesin (ERM)-binding phosphoprotein 50 (EBP50) is a versatile membrane-cytoskeleton linking protein that binds to the COOH-tail of specific integral membrane proteins through its two PDZ domains. These EBP50 binding interactions have been implicated in sequestering interactive sets of proteins into common microdomains, regulating the activity of interacting proteins, and modulating membrane protein trafficking. With only two PDZ domains, it is unclear how EBP50 forms multiprotein complexes. Other PDZ proteins increase their breadth and diversity of protein interactions through oligomerization. Hypothesizing that EBP50 self-associates to amplify its functional capacity, far-Western blotting of cholangiocyte epithelial cell proteins with EBP50 fusion protein revealed that EBP50 binds to a 50-kDa protein. Far-Western blotting of EBP50 isolated by two-dimensional gel electrophoresis or immunoprecipitation demonstrates that the 50-kDa binding partner is itself EBP50. Further, co-transfection/co-precipitation studies show the self-association can occur in an intracellular environment. In vitro analysis of the EBP50-EBP50 binding interaction indicates it is both saturable and of relatively high affinity. Analysis of truncated EBP50 proteins indicates EBP50 self-association is mediated through its PDZ domains. The ability to self-associate provides a mechanism for EBP50 to expand its capacity to form multiprotein complexes and regulate membrane transport events.
Prediction and Power in Molecular Sensors: Uncertainty and Dissipation When Conditionally Markovian Channels Are Driven by Semi-Markov Environments

Sensors often serve at least two purposes: predicting their input and minimizing dissipated heat. However, determining whether or not a particular sensor is evolved or designed to be accurate and efficient is difficult. This arises partly from the functional constraints being at cross purposes and partly since quantifying the predictive performance of even in silico sensors can require prohibitively long simulations. To circumvent these difficulties, we develop expressions for the predictive accuracy and thermodynamic costs of the broad class of conditionally Markovian sensors subject to unifilar hidden semi-Markov (memoryful) environmental inputs. Predictive metrics include the instantaneous memory and the mutual information between present sensor state and input future, while dissipative metrics include power consumption and the nonpredictive information rate. Success in deriving these formulae relies heavily on identifying the environment's causal states, the input's minimal sufficient statistics for prediction. Using these formulae, we study the simplest nontrivial biological sensor model---that of a Hill molecule, characterized by the number of ligands that bind simultaneously, the sensor's cooperativity. When energetic rewards are proportional to total predictable information, the closest cooperativity that optimizes the total energy budget generally depends on the environment's past hysteretically. In this way, the sensor gains robustness to environmental fluctuations. Given the simplicity of the Hill molecule, such hysteresis will likely be found in more complex predictive sensors as well. That is, adaptations that only locally optimize biochemical parameters for prediction and dissipation can lead to sensors that "remember" the past environment.
The mouse Pax2(1Neu) mutation is identical to a human PAX2 mutation in a family with renal-coloboma syndrome and results in developmental defects of the brain, ear, eye, and kidney.

We describe a new mouse frameshift mutation (Pax2(1Neu)) with a 1-bp insertion in the Pax2 gene. This mutation is identical to a previously described mutation in a human family with renal-coloboma syndrome [Sanyanusin, P., McNoe, L. A. , Sullivan, M. J., Weaver, R. G. & Eccles, M. R. (1995) Hum. Mol. Genet. 4, 2183-2184]. Heterozygous mutant mice exhibit defects in the kidney, the optic nerve, and retinal layer of the eye, and in homozygous mutant embryos, development of the optic nerve, metanephric kidney, and ventral regions of the inner ear is severely affected. In addition, we observe a deletion of the cerebellum and the posterior mesencephalon in homozygous mutant embryos demonstrating that, in contrast to mutations in Pax5, which is also expressed early in the mid-hindbrain region, loss of Pax2 gene function alone results in the early loss of the mid-hindbrain region. The mid-hindbrain phenotype is similar to Wnt1 and En1 mutant phenotypes, suggesting the conservation of gene regulatory networks between vertebrates and Drosophila.
Synthesizing Optimal Social Laws for Strategical Agents via Bayesian Mechanism Design

When rational behavior of the agents and private information are considered, the optimal social law synthesizing problem naturally evolves into a setting which can be handled by the framework of algorithmic mechanism design. We focus on the Bayesian case in this paper, that is, the probability distribution of each agent's cost is known. It is easy to see that in this case our problem closely relates to path/spanning-tree auctions and Myerson's optimal auction mechanism, but the optimization objective is new, that is, we focus on profit maximization instead of payment maximization. By studying this problem: we further extend the logic-based framework of social law optimization problem to the strategic case, and show that it becomes a new problem of algorithmic mechanism design; we find out a mechanism that is incentive compatible, individually rational and maximizes the expected profit for all input cost profiles; however, we can show that this mechanism is computational intractable; so, we finally find out a tractable constant-factor approximation mechanism.
Las TICS al servicio de los procesos de negocio: el caso i-MCC

El articulo que presentamos a continuacion resume la forma en la que una corporacion como MCC alinea TICs y negocio. Esta alineacion se ha obtenido a traves de unas hojas de ruta que vienen a reflejar el camino que deben de seguir cada una de las empresas de la corporacion en el uso estrategico de las TICs. La transmision de conocimiento se realiza mediante un proceso de buenas practicas y se realiza el seguimiento de indicadores mediante la toma de datos reales.
Semantic Frame Labeling with Target-based Neural Model

This paper explores the automatic learning of distributed representations of the target’s context for semantic frame labeling with target-based neural model. We constrain the whole sentence as the model’s input without feature extraction from the sentence. This is different from many previous works in which local feature extraction of the targets is widely used. This constraint makes the task harder, especially with long sentences, but also makes our model easily applicable to a range of resources and other similar tasks. We evaluate our model on several resources and get the state-of-the-art result on subtask 2 of SemEval 2015 task 15. Finally, we extend the task to word-sense disambiguation task and we also achieve a strong result in comparison to state-of-the-art work.
A research on the mechanism of leveraging innovation capabilities via entrepreneurs in SMEs

Entrepreneurs as the most important drivers, determine the whole enterprise's innovation capabilities in Small and Medium-sized Enterprises (SMEs). Existing literatures concerned the relationship between innovation capabilities and entrepreneurs, consistently emphasize the important role of entrepreneurs; yet they do not clarify the question of “how”—how entrepreneurs leverage the innovation capabilities. However, the answer of “how” has more practical significance than just expounding the important role of entrepreneurs in enhancing innovation capabilities. In this article, two paths by which entrepreneurs leverage innovation capabilities are explored. One is direct; referring that entrepreneur should strengthen himself. The other is a relatively indirect one, nurturing employees to leverage the whole enterprise's innovation capabilities. A case study of the innovation capability development at UPG, a small financial service company in Zhejiang Province, found the mechanism how entrepreneurs leverage innovation capabilities.
Encapsidation and serial passage of a poliovirus replicon which expresses an inactive 2A proteinase

The multiple roles of the viral proteinase 2A in poliovirus replication have been difficult to assess because, to date, it has not been possible to isolate and characterize a viral genome with an inactive 2Apro. We have previously reported that a poliovirus replicon containing an inactive 2Apro by virtue of a change at amino acid 109 from a cysteine to a serine (C109S) was replication competent when transfected into cells previously infected with vaccinia virus (R. Pal-Ghosh and C. D. Morrow, J. Virol. 67:4621-4629, 1993). To further develop this system, we have used a poliovirus replicon which contains the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) gag gene positioned between nucleotides 1174 and 2470 of the poliovirus genome and have engineered a second mutation within this replicon to change the codon for amino acid 109 of the 2Apro from cysteine to serine (2AC109S). Transfection of this replicon into cells previously infected with vaccinia virus results in the replication and expression of a protein with a molecular mass consistent with that of a P1-HIV-1 Gag-2A fusion protein. Using a recently described complementation system which relies on the capacity of a recombinant vaccinia virus (VV-P1) to provide the capsid precursor (P1) in trans (D. C. Ansardi, D. C. Porter, and C. D. Morrow, J. Virol. 67:3684-3690, 1993; and D. C. Porter, D. C. Ansardi, W. S. Choi, and C. D. Morrow, J. Virol. 67:3712-3719, 1993), we have encapsidated this replicon containing the 2AC109S mutation. By using reverse transcription PCR, we demonstrated that after 15 serial passages the encapsidated replicon still contained the 2AC109S mutation. Infection of cells with a stock of encapsidated replicon, either in the presence or in the absence of vaccinia virus, resulted in the expression of the P1-HIV-1 Gag-2A fusion protein. Expression of the P1-HIV-1 Gag fusion protein in cells infected with the encapsidated replicon containing the 2AC109S mutation was reduced compared with the expression of P1-HIV-1 Gag in those cells infected with a replicon containing a wild type 2A gene. The protein expression and replication of the replicon RNA in cells containing the 2AC109S mutation was maintained for a longer period of time than for the replicons containing the wild-type 2A gene, possibly because of a reduced cytopathic effect. (ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)
What Does Diagnosis of Endometriosis Mean? The Patients Perspective

Endometriosis is a gynecological disease, which causes significant physiological pain but also psychological distress leading to decreased quality of life for those afflicted with the disease. Though researchers have investigated this disease for over 90 years, there is still much information unknown about its pathophysiology, hence impeding the development of effective treatment options. In addition, the difficulty to diagnose the disease using non-invasive measures increases the prevalence of this disease among reproductive aged women. This review discusses the challenges that the scientific and medical communities endure combating endometriosis along with the social and financial burdens of patients whom suffer from endometriosis. Finally this review highlights the positive and negative side effects of current treatment options, discusses some alternative treatment and new potential treatment options that have shown variable success in reducing the symptoms associated with endometriosis.
Traumatic Tympanic Membrane Perforations: Clinical and Audiometric Findings in 198 Patients

Objective To obtain clinical and audiometric findings in traumatic tympanic membrane perforations from a typical patient collective in a Western industrial nation because the appropriate data have an important relevance in medicolegal questions. Study Design Retrospective data collection. Setting Germany’s largest university clinic for otorhinolaryngology, head and neck surgery. Subject and Methods From the medical records of 198 patients with traumatic tympanic membrane perforations, the following data were collected: demographic data, date and mechanism of the trauma, otoscopic findings and collateral injuries, kind of therapy and its results, pure tone audiometry, and statement of tinnitus or vertigo in the course. Results Most patients were young (mean age, 29.2 yr) and male (62%). Men and women are equally represented in perforations resulting from a physical blow to the ear (44.7% vs 46.7%); a collision was more often the cause in men (23.6% vs 14.7%), whereas an accidental perforation by insertion of a cotton bud was approximately 2 times more common on women (13.8% vs 25.3%). The left ear was more often affected than the right ear (58.5% vs 41.5%). Collateral damage was found in only 1% of the cases. In blows, collisions, barotraumas, and the insertion of sharp objects, the inferior parts of the tympanic membrane were most often affected; the most severe (subtotal) perforations were caused by explosions, weld beads, and insertion of cotton buds. For therapy, myringoplasty had an overall success rate of 88.9%; splinting with silicon foils, 51.6%; and “no therapy,” 53.3%. Bone conduction thresholds for the affected ear were higher in low, middle, and high frequencies compared with the contralateral ear by trend, but a statistical difference was only found in the high frequencies. In follow-up examinations, the hearing thresholds in the high frequencies were no longer significantly different. A “c5 dip” or “fis5 dip” was found in 18.0% and 9.2%. Tinnitus and vertigo were reported in 30.8 and 8.1%, respectively, but only in 2.0% and 0% during follow-up. Conclusion High-frequency hearing loss, tinnitus, and vertigo in traumatic tympanic membrane perforations have a good prognosis.
Extensive Assessment of Blood Glucose Monitoring During Postprandial Period and Its Impact on Closed-Loop Performance

Background: Closed-loop (CL) systems aims to outperform usual treatments in blood glucose control and continuous glucose monitors (CGM) are a key component in such systems. Meals represents one of the main disturbances in blood glucose control, and postprandial period (PP) is a challenging situation for both CL system and CGM accuracy. Methods: We performed an extensive analysis of sensor’s performance by numerical accuracy and precision during PP, as well as its influence in blood glucose control under CL therapy. Results: During PP the mean absolute relative difference (MARD) for both sensors presented lower accuracy in the hypoglycemic range (19.4 ± 12.8%) than in other ranges (12.2 ± 8.6% in euglycemic range and 9.3 ± 9.3% in hyperglycemic range). The overall MARD was 12.1 ± 8.2%. We have also observed lower MARD for rates of change between 0 and 2 mg/dl. In CL therapy, the 10 trials with the best sensor spent less time in hypoglycemia (PG < 70 mg/dl) than the 10 trials with the worst sensors (2 ± 7 minutes vs 32 ± 38 minutes, respectively). Conclusions: In terms of accuracy, our results resemble to previously reported. Furthermore, our results showed that sensors with the lowest MARD spent less time in hypoglycemic range, indicating that the performance of CL algorithm to control PP was related to sensor accuracy.
Performance enhanced BLIL PFC boost converter for PHEV battery chargers

AC to DC converters are the key component in battery chargers of plug in hybrid electric vehicle. DC to DC converter in the above mentioned charger will step up or step down the voltage according to the requirement of the battery. Conventional power factor corrected boost converter used for the purpose of AC to DC conversion have disadvantages like low power factor and high value of total harmonic distortion. These disadvantages can be eliminated in Bridgeless Interleaved power factor corrected boost converter. Self commutating devices are used in these converters for the purpose of switching according to load rating. A protection circuit is provided which will isolate the converter from supply when current in load goes above the rated value of load current.
Surface transformation of ram spermatozoa in uterine, oviduct and cauda epididymal fluids in vitro.

Genital tract fluids were collected continuously from conscious ewes through catheters inserted surgically into the uterus and oviducts. Cauda epididymal spermatozoa and fluid were obtained through catheters inserted into the transected vas deferens. The washed spermatozoa were labelled using the surface-specific chloroglycoluril-Na125I procedure. High-resolution electrophoretic analysis of sperm plasma membrane preparations revealed a partial loss of a major surface component (i.e. Mr 97,000) during incubation in uterine and oviduct fluids. This specific loss resulted in a shift in radioactivity distribution toward an Mr 24,000 component which had been previously identified as a sialoglycoprotein. No significant changes in the distribution of radiolabelled surface components were detectable when the spermatozoa were incubated in synthetic medium. Incubation of unlabelled spermatozoa in 125I-labelled uterine fluid showed that adsorption of exogenous fluid components was highly selective; an Mr 16,000 polypeptide was greatly enriched on the sperm surface although it was only a minor component in the incubation fluid. Adsorption of labelled oviduct fluid components was also selective and involved predominantly high molecular weight components (i.e. Mr 140,000, 95,000, 78,000, 53,000). When spermatozoa were incubated in labelled cauda epididymal fluid after exposure to unlabelled uterine and oviduct fluids, several fluid components were incorporated by the plasma membrane, indicating that surface renovation of 'capacitated' spermatozoa may be a more general process rather than a specific event. These results suggest that capacitation of ram spermatozoa involves loss of specific surface proteins as well as selective adsorption of exogenous fluid components and point to a polypeptide in uterine fluid as an active constituent.