Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Extrato aquoso de folhas de alface roxa: indução de tolerância ao estresse salino em alface

O estresse salino afeta negativamente a manifestacao do potencial fisiologico pela germinacao, vigor das sementes e reducao no desenvolvimento das plântulas. Alem disso, a salinidade pode comprometer a divisao celular, inibindo o indice mitotico e causando anormalidades cromossomicas, bem como aumentar a producao de especies reativas de oxigenio. As plantas, por sua vez, podem reagir a esse estresse com ajustes morfologicos, bioquimicos, fisiologicos, celular e molecular, sendo que determinados ajustes podem ser induzidos por uma ampla variedade de metabolitos secundarios produzidos para a defesa natural da planta. Substâncias como o β-caroteno, as vitaminas C e E e os compostos fenolicos estao relacionados a capacidade antioxidante de inumeros vegetais e auxiliam a diminuir os efeitos causados pela salinidade. Nesse âmbito, extratos de plantas tem sido estudados, visto que o mecanismo de acao dos antioxidantes, presentes em extratos vegetais, possui um importante papel na reducao da oxidacao lipidica em tecidos vegetal e animal, sob condicoes de estresse. A alface e a hortalica folhosa mais importante no Brasil e alem de vitaminas e sais minerais, possui carotenoides e alto teor de compostos fenolicos. As variedades roxas possuem ainda, grande quantidade de antocianinas, o que lhes confere maior atividade antioxidante. O objetivo deste trabalho foi caracterizar o efeito do extrato de folhas de alface roxa sobre a qualidade fisiologica, atividade citogenetica e antioxidante durante a germinacao de sementes e crescimento inicial de plântulas de alface, submetidas a diferentes concentracoes salinas, buscando elucidar possiveis mecanismos de tolerância que poderao servir de base para estudos futuros com outras culturas. Foram realizados experimentos em laboratorio e casa de vegetacao, onde plântulas de alface, cultivar Regina, foram submetidas, durante os estadios iniciais de desenvolvimento a diferentes concentracoes de extrato de folhas de alface roxa combinado ou nao a solucoes salinas, sendo avaliados parâmetros relacionados a germinacao, producao de biomassa, divisao celular e atividade antioxidante. O uso de extrato de folhas de alface roxa proporciona incrementos na germinacao das sementes, auxilia o desenvolvimento inicial das plântulas, bem como diminui o estresse oxidativo causado pelo sal, justificado pelo aumento no indice de clorofila e de nitrogenio e pela menor concentracao de sodio nas folhas. O extrato de alface roxa nao afeta o indice mitotico, diminui o indice de celulas em profase e aumenta a incidencia das celulas em telofase de raizes de alface. O estresse salino afeta negativamente o desenvolvimento das plântulas de alface.
Comparing costs of robotic, laparoscopic, and open partial nephrectomy.

UNLABELLED Abstract Background and Purpose: Laparoscopic and robot-assisted partial nephrectomy (LPN and RPN) are common minimally invasive alternatives to open partial nephrectomy (OPN) for management of renal tumors. Cost discrepancies of these approaches warrants evaluation. We compared hospital costs associated with RPN, LPN, and OPN. PATIENTS AND METHODS Costs were captured for 25 patients in each group who underwent RPN, LPN, or OPN at our institution between November 2008 and September 2010. Variable costs included operating room (OR) time, supplies, anesthesia, and inpatient care costs. Fixed costs included equipment purchase and maintenance. Impact of variable and fixed costs were estimated using sensitivity analysis. RESULTS Overall variable costs were similar for RPN, LPN, and OPN ($6375 vs $6075 vs $5774, P=0.117, respectively). OR supplies contributed a greater cost for RPN and LPN than OPN ($2179 vs $1987 vs $181, P<0.0001, respectively), while inpatient stay costs were higher for OPN compared with LPN and RPN ($2418 vs $1305 vs $1274, P<0.0001, respectively). Sensitivity analysis of variable costs demonstrates that RPN and LPN can represent less costly alternatives to OPN if hospital stay for RPN and LPN is ≤2 days and OR time <195 and 224 minutes, respectively. Inclusion of fixed costs made OPN less expensive than LPN and RPN unless use of the robot increases and operative times are reduced. CONCLUSION By minimizing OR time and hospital stay, RPN and LPN can be cost equivalent to OPN regarding variable costs. When including fixed costs, RPN and LPN were more costly than OPN, but equivalence may be possible with improvements in efficiency.
Decreased Body Fat, Elevated Plasma Transforming Growth Factor-β Levels, and Impaired BMP4-Like Signaling in Biglycan-Deficient Mice

Biglycan (BGN), a small leucine-rich proteoglycan, binds the pro-fibrotic cytokine transforming growth factor β (TGFβ) and inhibits its bioactivity in vitro. Nevertheless, it is controversial whether BGN plays an inhibitory role in vivo. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of BGN deficiency on TGFβ activity in vivo by studying 1-year-old Bgn null and wild-type (WT) mice on an Ldlr-null background. Phenotypic and metabolic characterization showed that the Bgn null mice had lower body weight, shorter body length, and shorter femur length (all p < 0.05). Surprisingly, the Bgn null mice also exhibited a striking reduction in percent body fat compared to WT mice (p == 0.006), but no changes were observed in plasma triglycerides, total cholesterol, or glycohemoglobin. Both total and bioactive TGFβ1 concentrations in plasma were markedly elevated in Bgn null mice compared to WT mice (4-fold and 11-fold increase, respectively, both p < 0.001), but no changes were found in hepatic levels of mRNA for Tgfβ1 or its receptors. Bgn null mice exhibited elevated expression of hepatic fibronectin protein (p = 0.034) without changes in hepatic or renal histology, and Bgn null mice had decreased urinary albumin/creatinine ratio (p = 0.01). Two key downstream targets of bone morphogenetic protein 4-like signaling, SMAD1/3/5 phosphorylation and Id2 gene expression, were found dramatically reduced in Bgn null livers (p = 0.034). Thus, BGN deficiency decreases body fat in this hyperlipidemic mouse model without changing liver or kidney histology. Overall, we propose that this unexpected phenotype arises from the effects of BGN deficiency in vivo to elevate TGFβ levels while decreasing bone morphogenetic protein 4-like signaling.
A machine composed of isomorphic modules creating support system using interactive evolutionary techniques

In this paper, we propose a machine composed of isomorphic modules creating support system using interactive evolutionary techniques. In manufacture of machines, design by modules is considered to be an important technique. The "machine" which is created using the proposed system consists of plural modules, and there are 12 kinds of modules, having different functions. The evolutionary techniques are applied to the individual structure where the modules are combined. By using isomorphous modules as composition elements of machines, we aim at acquisition of realizable and various machines. Moreover, by using interactive evolutionary techniques, the system can create a machine with suitable functions that a user desires, and a machine itself can stimulate a user's idea. The results of experiments show that various novel machines can be obtained.
CellMinerHCC: a microarray‐based expression database for hepatocellular carcinoma cell lines

Therapeutic options for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) still remain limited. Development of gene targeted therapies is a promising option. A better understanding of the underlying molecular biology is gained in in vitro experiments. However, even with targeted manipulation of gene expression varying treatment responses were observed in diverse HCC cell lines. Therefore, information on gene expression profiles of various HCC cell lines may be crucial to experimental designs. To generate a publicly available database containing microarray expression profiles of diverse HCC cell lines.
The effectiveness of tositumomab and iodine I 131 tositumomab in relapsed/refractory follicular grade 1/2 and small lymphocytic non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL).

6573 Background: In an overall population of 995 pts, Iodine I 131 Tositumomab was administered to 740 eligible pts with relapsed/refractory follicular grade 1/2 (n = 651) and small lymphocytic (n = 89) NHL. To be eligible, pts had to have a platelet count ≥ 100,000/mm3 and ≤ 25% of bone marrow involvement with lymphoma. METHODS Independently assessed data from 5 clinical trials (N = 230) were integrated with investigator-assessed data from an expanded access program (N = 765). Correlation between investigator- and independently reviewed responses was > 90%. The median follow-up was 25.5 mo (range, 0.1-117.7 mo). RESULTS Demographics (for follicular vs small lymphocytic NHL): male: 55%, 64%; age >65: 23%,37%; stage III/IV: 88%,92%; median time from diagnosis: 42mo,41mo; ≥ 4 prior therapies: 30%,35%; BM involvement: 44%, 62%; tumor diameter ≥ 5 cm: 48%,44%; prior Rituximab: 45%,60%; prior radiation: 21%,17%. [Figure: see text] The OR rate for follicular grade 1/2 NHL was significantly higher than for small lymphocytic (P < .001; Table) NHL, whereas the durations of response were comparable. Multivariate analyses: ≥ 4 prior therapies and tumor diameter < 5 cm were significant predictors for a higher OR in pts with either follicular or small lymphocytic NHL. Different factors were predictive of a higher CR rate: follicular: tumor < 5cm (P < .001), < 4 prior chemotherapies (P = .001), age ≤ 65 yrs (P = .002), and female (P = .010). Small lymphocytic: no bone marrow involvement (P = .007) and > 4 yr from diagnosis (P = .036). CONCLUSIONS Among 740 pts, Iodine I 131 Tositumomab produced a significantly higher OR rate and CR rate in follicular lymphoma grades 1/2 than in small lymphocytic lymphoma. However, the duration of remission was similar for responders with either diagnosis. [Table: see text].
Experimental and Clinical Methods Used for Fat Volume Maintenance After Autologous Fat Grafting

AbstractManagement of soft tissue deficits resulting from congenital abnormalities, trauma, systemic disease, and tumors is a particularly challenging field of plastic and reconstructive surgery. Fat grafting, a technique traditionally used in the correction of facial asymmetry, is commonly seen in aesthetic procedures which use the grafted fat for soft tissue augmentation and recontouring. Despite its widespread use in reconstruction and aesthetic surgery, therapeutic modalities applied in fat grafting are crude and the results of this intervention are unpredictable. The aim of this review was to present the most recent evidence regarding experimental studies and designs which confirmed or disproved fat volume expansion or fat maintenance after autologous fat grafting.
Roles of NPM2 in Chromatin and Nucleolar Organization in Oocytes and Embryos

Upon fertilization, remodeling of condensed maternal and paternal gamete DNA occurs to form the diploid genome. In Xenopus laevis, nucleoplasmin 2 (NPM2) decondenses sperm DNA in vitro. To study chromatin remodeling in vivo, we isolated mammalian NPM2 orthologs. Mouse NPM2 accumulates in oocyte nuclei and persists in preimplantation embryos. Npm2 knockout females have fertility defects owing to failed preimplantation embryo development. Although sperm DNA decondensation proceeds without NPM2, abnormalities are evident in oocyte and early embryonic nuclei. These defects include an absence of coalesced nucleolar structures and loss of heterochromatin and deacetylated histone H3 that normally circumscribe nucleoli in oocytes and early embryos, respectively. Thus, Npm2 is a maternal effect gene critical for nuclear and nucleolar organization and embryonic development.
Mechanistic insights into laccase-mediated functionalisation of lignocellulose material

Abstract Recent emerging studies on the grafting mechanisms of functional molecules onto complex lignocellulose moieties have shown useful insights and possibilities in opening new frontiers in the enzymatic development of multifunctional polymers. Thanks to these studies which have demonstrated in principle the ability of laccases to mediate the coupling of antimicrobial compounds, hydrophobic molecules, including application processes for the development of fibreboards, particle boards, laminates etc. Further, laccase mediated grafting strategies developed using small reactive molecules e.g. phenolic amines which impart reactive properties to an inert polymer demonstrates the remarkable opportunities of enzyme meditated functionalization of polymers. Therefore recent studies focusing on understanding the mechanistic basis of the coupling mechanisms in order to make meaningful contribution to the development of new processes and products are a welcome development.
The early effects of the prospective payment system on inpatient utilization and the quality of care.

Concern is often expressed that hospitals may be making cost/quality trade-offs under Medicare's prospective payment system. To evaluate the early effects of PPS on inpatient utilization and quality of care, we studied a cohort of 729 U.S. short-term general hospitals from nonwaivered states. We used a linear forecasting model to project 1984 figures based on trends from 1980 to 1983. We found no evidence that the quality of care deteriorated in 1984 for Medicare patients. Consultation rates remained constant, and in-hospital deaths and readmission rates were consistent with previous trends for the Medicare population. Overall, it appears that PPS has reduced hospital utilization without producing deterioration in the quality of care.
Control por gestos usando Leap Motion

Trabajo que plantea que un sistema embebido en donde la interfaz grafica juega un papel preponderante para su uso, como en los sistemas automotrices, puede ser un elemento distractor para el usuario, por lo que es necesario buscar la manera en que se pueda interactuar con el sistema sin que se descuiden otros aspectos, como la atencion al conducir. Si bien, hay dispositivos en los sistemas de proposito (como el mouse) que permiten a cualquier usuario la navegacion en un sistema con interfaz grafica, estos no son ergonomicos o adecuados para tableros de automovil. Es por ello que se propone una alternativa que se balancee entre lo ergonomico, seguro y no tan caro. Para el caso de los sistemas de navegacion en una interfaz grafica con botones, mouse, joysticks o pantallas tactiles que no pueden satisfacer las nuevas necesidades de navegacion, se desarrollan algunas soluciones a traves de dispositivos de control por gestos, que son mas amigables con el usuario.
A scoring method for multi‐point linkage analysis: Application to the Utah 11‐p data

INTRODUCTION The practical problems of linkage analysis have extended in two quite separate directions from the early analyses of polymorphic blood group systems (Renwick, 1971). Then, the degree of polymorphism was sufficient to genotype, but perhaps not haplotype, the majority of relevant individuals. Linkage was a priori likely to be loose, if existent, and painvise analyses of systems was a logical approach. Statistical procedures, using likelihood analysis, were developed (Smith, 1968): these could be employed without extensive computation. One direction in which linkage analysis has expanded is towards mapping, with multiple markers, traits of less well defined genetic ztiology. Here the statistical problems are complex and interpretation of likelihood analyses uncertain. The other direction of development is towards the multilocus mapping of the highly polymorphic markers with codominant alleles, these then forming the framework for mapping more complex traits. For both these areas of development, full likelihood analyses are highly computationally intensive.
[Abnormalities of adrenal steroidogenesis in Chilean boys with micropenis].

BACKGROUND Mutations in type II 3 beta hydroxysteroid Dehydrogenase (3 beta HSD) are found in male children with severe undervirilized genitalia. Mild undervirilization (isolated micropenis or with distal hypospadia) can be associated with a partial deficit in 3 beta HSD activity. AIM To assess the frequency of abnormal adrenal response to ACTH, suggesting a deficit in adrenal enzymatic activity, in children with mild undervirilization. PATIENTS AND METHODS We studied 26 male children with micropenis, aged one to eight years. Children with evidences of puberal development or in treatment with drugs that affect steroidal metabolism were excluded from the study. Serum levels of androstenedione (A), dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA), progesterone (P), 17 hydroxyprogesterone (17 P) and the ratios DHEA/A, P/17 P, 17 P/DHEA were measured after an adrenal stimulation with 0.25 mg/m2 intramuscular ACTH. RESULTS Two children had DHEA y DHEA/A values suggesting a defective 3 beta HSD activity. Other two children had high levels of 17 P, suggesting a deficiency of cytochrome p450c21. A CYP 21 gene mutation was found in one of the later children. CONCLUSIONS A low proportion of children with micropenis have a deficient 3 beta HSD activity.
Advances in the accountability of grammatical analysis and description by using regular expressions

This paper discusses the representativeness, coextensitivity and scientific accountability of corpus-based grammatical descriptions of previously unresearched languages. While a grammatical description of a previously unresearched language can hardly be representative for any kind of its varieties, it can be adequate in coextensitivity if it covers the linguistic phenomena presented in the corpus. In order to allow other researchers to retrieve the examples in their context and check the analysis, the corpus should not only contain text collections, but also the elicited data, provide metadata and be accessible to other researchers. Scientific accountability, however, can only be achieved, if the description facilitates the replicability of the analysis, which presupposes that the authors’ corpus linguistic search methods are documented, so that the readers can find other, if not all examples for the described phenomena, and scrutinize the search methods, the analysis and the description. As is illustrated in this paper, a suitable query language for this kind of scientific grammatical analysis and description are the so-called regular expressions which are implemented in the annotation tool ELAN. Drawing on my experiences as a grammaticographer for the past thirty years, I want to discuss the question to what extent digital grammaticography contributes to the accountability of grammatical descriptions by comparing my earlier traditional methods of grammatical analysis with those that I have recently started practicing in the Teop language documentation project. 1 Teop is an Austronesian Oceanic language spoken in the Autonomous Region of Bougainville, Papua New Guinea, and genetically related to the other two languages, Tolai and Samoan, for which I wrote grammatical descriptions (Mosel 1984, Mosel & Hovdhaugen 1992).
Double-pulse-single-event transients in combinational logic

For the first time, double-pulse-single-event transients (DPSETs) are observed during heavy-ion broad beam testing. The transients are generated in a serially connected string of inverters and measured with an autonomous on-chip SET pulse-width measurement circuit. Three-dimensional mixed-mode technology computer aided design (TCAD) simulations show that DPSETs are the result of multiple inverters being upset by a single ion strike.
The ‘New’ Relaxants. A Review of the Clinical Pharmacology of Atracurium and Vecuronium

Atracurium and vecuronium are reviewed with reference to the following aspects: Development and chemistry Pharmacology Potency and dosage Onset and duration of action Non-neuromuscular effects Cardiovascular Central nervous system Histamine release and allergic responses Fate in the body Pharmacokinetics Factors which affect response to atracurium and vecuronium Anaesthetic agents Suxamethonium Age Clinical aspects Intubation Cardiac disease and cardiac surgery Renal disease Liver disease Obstetric anaesthesia Anaesthesia for ophthalmic and neurosurgery Intercurrent disease states Outpatient surgery Reversal of neuromuscular block Conclusion
Aedes aegypti (L.) and Aedes albopictus (Skuse) in Singapore City. 4. Competition between species.

There is a current belief stemming from statements made in the literature that Ae. aegypti is displacing Ae. albopictus in a number of cities of South-East Asia and in Calcutta, India. A critical review of these works showed that either the observations were inconclusive or the methods of collection were biased for one or the other species.Extensive surveys of the larval habitats of the two species in Singapore showed that the sharing of breeding habitats was uncommon in both urban and rural areas. In the laboratory, Ae. aegypti took a slightly shorter time to complete its development from egg-hatching to adult emergence.It is concluded that information available at present is insufficient to interpret the Ae. aegypti-Ae. albopictus population balance resulting from interspecific competition in Singapore. The pattern of distribution of the two species is unlikely to be the result of competitive displacement; it is, rather, probable that this pattern results from factors that favour the rapid increase and spread of one species over the other. It is suggested that Ae. aegypti in the city is favoured by rapid and extensive urbanization and by the higher fecundity and shorter life cycle of the species.
Predictores intraoperatorios y perioperatorios de la incontinencia urinaria precoz tras la prostatectomía radical asistida por el robot.

En cuanto a objetivos secundarios, nos centramos en ver el grado de correlacion inter-observadores a la hora de predecir los resultados funcionales, entre urologos junior, definido como aquellos con menos 50 procedimientos y urologo experto, definido como aquellos que han superado su curva de aprendizaje. Ver el grado de correlacion entre la valoracion subjetiva al analizar los videos de prostatectomia radical robotica, con el resultado real al ano de la cirugia. Material y metodos: Se han analizado 148 peliculas, correspondiente al periodo de septiembre 2008 hasta marzo 2015, mediante el programa Final cut 10.1. 3. La grabacion de cada pacientes se visualizaba a tiempo real marcando los puntos de la intervencion donde habia que hacer una valoracion (tamano del cuello, longitud uretral, estanqueidad, tipo de abordaje, etc). Al final de la visualizacion el observador debia hacer una aproximacion subjetiva de como como seria el resultado funcional al ano de la intervencion (excelente, buen, regular o mal resultado). Las variables preoperatorias y postoperatorias han sido recogidas de las historias clinicas de los pacientes. La definicion utilizada para la continencia urinaria ha sido la no necesidad de uso de absorbentes de proteccion en 24 horas o solo uso de un absorbente por motivo social o ICQ menor de 7. Se ha realizado analisis de regresion logistica binaria para estudiar los predictores intraoperatorios y predictores perioperatorios, sobre el efecto que tiene en la variable resultado (continente vs incontinente) al mes, tercer mes, sexto mes y al ano de la cirugia. A su vez hemos realizado un segundo analisis de regresion lineal para estudiar el efecto que tiene sobre las variables cuantitativas, numero de compresas en el 1o y 3o mes y la variable tiempo de estabilidad de continencia medido en meses, de las variables intraoperatorias y de las perioperatorias. Para valorar el grado de acuerdo interobservadores hemos realizado un analisis con tabla de contingencia con el uso de coeficiente de Cohen’s Kappa.