Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
FROM ASPIRATION TO DESTINATION: UNDERSTANDING THE DECISIONS OF UNIVERSITY APPLICANTS IN REGIONAL VICTORIA

This paper examines the choices and destinations of prospective university students from three regional areas in Victoria. The study is based on information collected for tertiary applicants in the Gippsland, Bendigo and Mildura areas, all of which host a local university campus. Using application and enrolment data, we examine the choices that regional applicants express, and the decisions they ultimately make. In particular, we consider influences at each stage from application to offer, acceptance and then enrolment. Our findings highlight the extent of unfulfilled university aspiration in the regions and its causes. Between the aspiration and decision to undertake university study lie many impediments. The study found an overall preference for regional university applicants to relocate to study. Applicants' preferences were mediated by demographic and educational factors, in particular school sector. The extent and diversity of local course options also influenced applications, with local courses preferred when they were available. Although most applicants did receive a university offer, many in the lower achievement range received no offer, indicating that there remains substantial unmet demand. Educational achievement also affected the likelihood of converting an offer to an enrolment. Applicants who succeeded in securing a local university place were the most likely to accept their offer and enrol in the following year. Relocation was found to be highly correlated with deferment or non-enrolment, particularly for the Mildura cohort, underlining the ongoing impact of distance. These findings suggest a need to rethink university provision and support models to increase the participation rates of regional students.
An Audit on Admission of Patients with Head Injury to Teaching Hospital Karapitiya, Galle

Background: Head injury is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality among the young. The aim of this audit was to analyze the head injured patients admitted to the neurosurgical unit of the Teaching Hospital Karapitiya. The analysis was according to the type of injury, age, sex distribution and the functional outcome. Method: All details of patients admitted to the neurosurgical unit are computerized. Data collection was done retrospectively for a period of 3 months. Results: Patients with head injury admitted to the neurosurgical unit accounted for 37% of all admissions with trauma. The most affected age group was 20-40 years. Out of the 108 patients admitted, 91 were males giving a male: female ratio of 5.3:1. 15 patients died. Road traffic accidents (RTA) were the commonest cause of head injury. Conclusion: Head injury is mainly due to road traffic accidents and affects the young adult male population. Key Words: Head injury, Glasgow coma scale. DOI: 10.4038/slja.v17i2. 1297 Sri Lankan Journal of Anaesthesiology Vol.17(2) 2009 p.51-54
Effect Of Selenium on Antioxidant Enzymes and Content of Photosynthetic Pigments in algae Chlorococcum littorale Chihara,Nakayama &Inouye

The study provides a new insight into the impact of Se on green algae Chlorocouyeoccum littorale and effects of Se on antioxidant system and bioaccumulation. Se positively promoted C. littorale growth at lower concentrations (≤50 mg L−1), acting as an antioxidant through the inhibition of lipid peroxidation (LPO) and intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS). The antioxidative effect was associated with an increase in guaiacol peroxidase (GPX), catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and photosynthetic pigments. Meanwhile, significant increase in the cell growth rate and organic Se content was also detected in the algae.
Equilibrium isotope effects of tritiated water in and over lithium chloride solution

Abstract Distribution of tritium between vapor and lithium chloride aqueous solutions at 30–80 °C has been studied with the aid of vacuum distillation technique. “Positive” H/T VPIE (separation ratio increases with solute concentration) was observed. This ratio depends linearly on the salt molality and decreases with temperature. The results are in agreement with theoretical estimates of “free” water – hydrate shell H/T isotope equilibrium constants done with DFT force field calculations and harmonic oscillator quantum statistics. Found growth of the separation ratio may be practically important for developing extractive distillation process to remove tritium from technological solutions and liquid wastes of nuclear industry.
Molecular design of lower-oestrogen-activity phthalate acid esters with high fluorescence intensity using pharmacophore model

ABSTRACT A pharmacophore model for phthalate acid ester (PAE) oestrogen activity was constructed. Subsequently, hydrophobic groups at defined substitution sites were introduced to design new low oestrogen activity PAE derivatives. The PAE oestrogen activity pharmacophore model (Hypo 1) had the largest correlation coefficient (R2) of 0.99, the smallest root mean square value of 0.31, and a configuration value of 16.87 (<17), indicating that the model has good predictive ability. Using the Hypo 1 model, 18 new PAE derivatives were designed, 16 of which had reduced oestrogen activity levels. Twelve PAE derivatives exhibited significantly enhanced fluorescence intensity (29- to 154-times), indicating that the derivatives can facilitate direct fluorescence detection. The functional properties of the derivatives were not significantly affected. The derivatives showed lower persistent organic pollutant (POP) characteristics, with maximum reductions of 29%, 69%, 1837%, and 79%, respectively. In addition, PAE and derivative docking with an oestrogen receptor revealed that hydrogen bonding and hydrophobic interaction were the main factors affecting oestrogen activity, and that energy, dipole moment, and Mulliken charge parameters controlled the fluorescence spectrum characteristics. The data provide a theoretical basis for designing plasticiser substitutes with high sensitivity to low oestrogen activity.
Identification of the characteristic taste, aroma compounds and the corresponding precursors in pigmented rice wine

iii TABLE OF CONTENTS v LIST OF TABLES x LIST OF FIGURES xiii ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS xvi CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION 1 1.1 Background . 1 1.2 Hypothesis . 3 1.3 Objectives of the study . 3 1.4 Structure of the thesis . 4 CHAPTER 2: LITERATURE REVIEW 6 2.1 Raw materials for the brewing of rice wine . 6 2.1.1 Rice . 6 2.1.2 Starter for fermentation of rice wine . 10 2.2 Rice brewing process . 12 2.2.1 Rice polishing . 12 2.2.2 Rice cooking . 15 2.2.3 Fermentation of rice wine . 18 2.3 Aroma compounds in rice wine . 24 2.4 The formation of the aroma compounds during the brewing of rice wine . 29 2.4. 1 Higher alcohols, aldehydes and organic acids from amino acids . 29 2.4. 2 Esters . 30 2.4. 3 Organic acids . 33
Textural and sensory characteristics of oven baked and steamed bread

The consumption of bread as a staple food is global and it is one of the oldest food for humans. However, the processing methods and the acceptability of bread products differs from region to region based on culture. In this study, we aim to understand how different processing methods can influence the texture and sensory characteristics of the final bread products. Resilience and firmness of oven baked and steamed bread were determined by Texture Profile Analysis (TPA). The results shows higher resilience and lower firmness in steamed bread. In addition, we investigated the supplementation of banana milk juice on bread. The results showed that more banana milk juice in bread could lead to lower resilience but more firmness in both oven and steamed bread. The effect of storage temperature at room temperature, +4 °C and -20 °C over time on the resilience and firmness of both bread were also investigated. Both firmness and resilience increased over time in both oven baked and steamed bread.
Preliminary Study of Differences Between Prevalence of Multiple Sclerosis in Isfahan and its’ Rural Provinces

Background:: Previous publications categorized Isfahan as a high-risk area with regard to the prevalence and incidence of multiple sclerosis (MS). Objectives:: Till to date, there have been no studies differentiating between the prevalence of MS in Isfahan and its rural provinces. Patients and Methods:: A retrospective study of 4,209 patients with MS was conducted and recorded by the deputy of health at the Isfahan university of medical sciences in 2013. Demographic variables and place of birth were recorded in Excel. Descriptive and comparative analyses were conducted using SPSS. Results:: For Isfahan and its rural provinces, the calculated prevalence of MS could be referred as P = 84.14. The calculated prevalence of MS for Isfahan was as P = 27.61. It seems that the highest MS populations are located in the Isfahan rural southwest provinces. The place of birth in 52% was Isfahan. The number of women (78%) was higher than that of men (22%), and 90% of the population was young (range: 20 - 50 years old). Conclusions:: The outcome of this preliminary study suggested that Isfahan and its rural provinces might be categorized as two distinct regions for epidemiology of MS. Medium-risk areas included Isfahan, and high-risk areas included the Isfahan rural southwest provinces. Further advanced studies in this direction are recommended.
Chemical Composition, Modulatory Bacterial Resistance and Antimicrobial Activity of Essential Oil the Hyptis martiusii Benth by Direct and Gaseous Contact.

Results: Twenty-four compounds representing 92.13% of the essential oil of leaves were characterized; δ -3-carene (6.88%), 1, 8-cineole (7.01%), trans-caryophyllene (9.21%), Cariophyllene oxide (7.47%) and bicyclogermacrene (10.61%) were found as the major components. Modulatory aminoglycoside effect, by direct contact, was showed antagonistic relationship with antimicrobial activity. The gaseous component of the oil inhibited the bacterial growth of all of the tested bacteria in 50% and 25% of oil concentration and demonstrated synergistic interactions can be attributed to the constituting the oil compounds. Conclusions: These results show that this oil influences the activity of the antibiotic and may be used as an adjuvant in the antibiotic therapy of respiratory tract bacterial pathogens.
Perfil metabólico de vacas da raça Holandesa durante o período de transição, locais de colheita e métodos de análise de beta hidroxibutirato.

Estudou-se um grupo de doze vacas da raca Holandesa, tres semanas pre-parto ate tres pos-parto, em sistema free-stall, localizado em Inhauma, Minas Gerais, no periodo de outubro a dezembro de 2012. Avaliou-se o perfil metabolico atraves da concentracao serica de acidos graxos nao esterificados (AGNE), beta hidroxibutirato (BHBA), colesterol (COL), proteina total (PT), albumina (ALB), calcio, fosforo, magnesio bem como a atividade serica das enzimas aspartato transaminase (AST) e lactato desidrogenase (LDH). Em um grupo de seis animais, avaliaram-se quatro locais para colheita de sangue - veias jugular, mamaria e coccigea e ponta de cauda - para mensuracao de BHBA e comparacao do metodo de analise eletroquimico do aparelho portatil com o metodo laboratorial por espectrofotometria pela quimica umida. Houve diferenca nas concentracoes sericas de AGNE e BHBA entre o pre-parto e pos-parto (p 0,05). A atividade enzimatica de AST e LDH foram maiores no periodo pos-parto (p 0,05) sendo mais altas do que na veia mamaria (p 0,05). A avaliacao do perfil metabolico e uma importante ferramenta de monitoramento. O aparelho portatil e eficiente na determinacao de BHBA, podendo-se utilizar amostras de sangue das veias jugular e coccigea e da ponta de cauda.
Health Education Planning in Marketing Perspective Using Conjoint Analysis

In this study, it is aimed t o determine the relative weights (importance) of the chosen properties of the medical schools according to preferences and demands of the prospective students. The data was collected from the students who attend already a health vocational high school and examined using conjoint analysis approach, a widely accepted method for evaluating multiattribute alternatives in marketing. There are 6 attributes presented to students for taking their view. These school attributes are type (state or private), history (old or new), location (downtown or uptown), hospital ownership (yes or no), duration of education (short or long) and campus life (yes or no). Conjoint analysis was used as the research tool to identify the relative importance of the attributes. The most important factors were found as Campus Life (24.24%), School Type (24.17%) and Duration of Education (23.47%). These factors are followed by the moderate important two factors History (16.11%) and Location (11.70%) where the latter one has slightly lower weight. On the other hand, importance score for factor Hospital Ownership was estimated as 0.31% and surprisingly has no effect on preferring a medical higher school. Results of this research can be took into account by the decision makers and managers of both available and planned to be established medical schools to increase popularity of these institutes.
Ganganalytische Studie zur Entlastungs-Coxa-valga (antetorta) orthetisch und prothetisch versorgter Kinder

Ziel: In der vorliegenden Arbeit sollte in einem ersten Schritt uberpruft werden, wie sich bei Kindern, die aufgrund einer nicht behebbaren, einseitigen Beindeformitat distal des Kniegelenkes dauerhaft orthetisch oder prothetisch versorgt werden mussen, die primar gesunde Hufte des betroffenen Beines sekundar verformt. In einem zweiten Schritt sollte mittels Ganganalyse evaluiert werden, welcher Pathomechanismus der diagnostizierten Formstorung zu Grunde liegt. Methodik: Das Patientengut bestand aus zwolf primar huftgesunden, jedoch einseitig distal des Knies erkrankten, orthesenpflichtigen Kindern und Jugendlichen, deren klinische und radiologische Krankheitsverlaufe retrospektiv ausgewertet wurden. Bei zehn der betroffenen Kinder konnte eine verwertbare instrumentelle kinetische und kinematische Ganganalyse mittels des Zebris-Systems durchgefuhrt werden. Ergebnisse: 1. Grunderkrankungen: Crus varum congenitum oder Tibiapseudarthrosen 5, Fehlbildungsklumpfus 1, kongenitaler tibialer Langsdefekt 2, kongenitaler fibularer Langsdefekt 3, Unterschenkeldeformitat nach Ewingsarkom 1. 2. Klinische Ergebnisse: Im intraindividuellen Seitvergleich ist die Seite des von der Deformitat betroffenen Beines wie folgt verandert: Die Huftinnenrotation ist durchschnittlich 12,5o signifikant vermehrt (p <0,05), die Huftausenrotation um 20-22,5o verkleinert. 3. Radiologische Ergebnisse: Koxales Femurende: Der projizierte CCD-Winkel ist altersabhangig und im Durchschnitt 14,71o signifikant steiler. Die Distanz zwischen Kopfkalotte und Trochanter minor (LTA) ist 1,58 cm signifikant vergrosert. Der Kopfepiphysen-Femurschaft-Winkel (KF) als Beweis der horizontalen Stellung der Kopfepiphysenfuge ist durchschnittlich um 13,52o vergrosert (p <0,05). Huftpfanne: Der Sharp-Ullmann-Winkel ist 5,01o signifikant vergrosert und der Acetabulumwinkel (AC) ist 3,52o vergrosert (p <0,05). 3. Ganganalytische Ergebnisse: Kinetik: Die Schrittlange ist um durchschnittlich 7 cm signifikant verlangert (p 0.05). Die Huftabduktion der entlasteten Hufte als Hinweis eines konstanten Duchenne-Hinkens ist durchschnittlich um 16,81o vermehrt. Schlussfolgerung: Zusammenfassend kann gesagt werden, dass die einseitig orthetisch/prothetisch versorgten Kinder eine Formstorung der Hufte aufwiesen, die in der alteren Literatur als Entlastungs-Coxa-valga bzw. Entlastungsdysplasie bezeichnet wird. Erstmals konnten die pathogenetischen Faktoren identifiziert werden, die diese Formstorung hervorrufen. Die Patienten weisen ein Duchenne-Hinken auf und belasten das betroffene Bein weniger stark und mit kurzerer Zeitspanne. Die Untersuchung bestatigt in eindrucksvoller Weise die allgemeinen Wachstumsgesetze des muskulo-skelettalen Organs, die unter dem Merksatz „form follows function“ zusammengefasst werden konnen. Als praktische Konsequenz fur den Klinikalltag ergibt sich die Forderung, die Hufte orthesenpflichtiger Kinder in groseren Abstanden klinisch und bildgebend zu screenen und die Orthesen- bzw. Prothesenaufbau so zu gestalten, dass ein Duchenne-Hinken vermieden wird.
Toward better utilization of laboratory resources: The impact of a mandatory 4Ts pretest clinical assessment form on the diagnosis of heparin-induced thrombocytopenia

Background: Frequency rates for heparin-induced thrombocytopenia range from 0.5% to 5.0% of all heparin-treated patients. The most readily available laboratory tests are very sensitive for heparin-dependent platelet factor 4 antibodies, but are not specific for heparin-induced thrombocytopenia. Tests with great er specificity are more technically demanding and less readily available. In addition to laboratory testing, four clinical features—known as the 4Ts—are used when diagnosing this immune-mediated process: Throm bocytopenia, Timing of thrombocytopenia, Thrombosis, and ex clusion of other causes of Thrombocytopenia. Methods: A study was conducted to assess the impact of a mandatory 4Ts pretest form on the appropriateness of test ordering for heparininduced thrombocytopenia. Data were collected and analyzed before and after the form was introduced at Vancouver General Hospital. Results: During the 2.5-year study period, 145 laboratory tests for heparin-induced thrombocytopenia were ordered; 65 of these were ordered before and 80 after the man datory 4Ts pretest clinical assessment form was introduced. After the form was introduced, more tests were ordered for patients with high (6–8) 4Ts scores (8% vs 23%, P = .015) and with intermediate (4–5) 4Ts scores (40% vs 55%, NS). As well, fewer tests were ordered for pa tients with low (1–3) 4Ts scores (24% vs 54%, P < .001) after the mandatory 4Ts pretest form was introduced. None of 53 patients with low 4Ts scores had laboratory-confirmed heparin-induced thrombocytopenia. Conclusions: The mandatory use of a 4Ts pretest clinical assessment form for diagnosis of heparin-in duced thrombocytopenia resulted in more appropriate utilization of laboratory testing, standardization of patient assessment, and better phy sician understanding of heparin-induced thrombocytopenia. Testing may not be indicated for patients with low 4Ts pretest scores.
Prescribing for children and adolescents in mental health

The level of psychiatric prescribing in children and adolescents is increasing; however, rates of adherence in this group of patients range from only 34–54%. The possible consequences of untreated psychiatric problems include longer duration of the illness, increased severity of symptoms, higher relapse rates, greater risk of suicidal behaviour, academic difficulties and increased family conflict. Prescribers are often faced with difficulty if the parent or carer is not in agreement with the use of medication. This parental disagreement has implications for medication concordance and the relationship between clinicians, young people and their families. For prescribers, understanding parental and young people's attitudes towards medication and their experiences of mental health services is central to patient-centred care.
Papel e mecanismos da hiperreatividade brônquica na infecção causada por Strongyloides venezuelensis em ratos

Alteracoes funcionais pulmonares e sintomas pulmonares tem sido descrito em pacientes infectados por helmintos com ciclo pulmonar. Previamente foi demonstrado que a infeccao com nematodeo Strongyloides venezuelensis induz um significante aumento na hiperreatividade bronquica em ratos infectados. O objetivo do presente estudo foi testar a hipotese que a broncodilatacao durante a fase de migracao da larva pelo pulmao favorece o ciclo parasitario e o numerode vermes que alcanca o intestino. Para este proposito, ratos infectados com S. venezuelensis foram tratados com salbutamol durante as primeiras 48 horas apos a infeccao. A dose de salbutamol utilizada (0.25 mg/mL por 10 min a cada 4 horas) preveniu mudancas na funcao pulmonar durante a migracao parasitaria. Isto foi acompanhado por um aumento de parasitos nos pulmoes e intestino. Em seguida investigamos os mecanismos da hiperreatividade bronquica e observamos que IL-13 nao e essencial para essa alteracaofuncional pulmonar, mas e importante para producao de ovos no intestino. Por outro lado, as fibras nervosas sensoriais sensiveis a capsaicina mostram relevante papel na hiperreatividade bronquica independente da inflamacao pulmonar.
Screening for Undiagnosed Type 2 Diabetes in Aboriginal Communities: Weighing the Advantages and Disadvantages 1

Many Aboriginal people worldwide share the experience of sociohistorical disempowerment. In Canada, the health system continues to build and rebuild subjugating structures that disenfranchise Aboriginal peoples. However, collaborative Aboriginal health research — research-related diabetes screening, in particular — has the potential to address Aboriginal disenfranchisement and create shared “ethical space” for Aboriginal communities and researchers. We describe Aboriginal disenfranchisement as it has been constructed via Canada’s health-care system. We discuss the 1. The authors wish to acknowledge and thank the following contributors to our research: Alberta First Nations, the Metis Settlements and the Metis Settlements General Council, the Metis Nation of Alberta, Alberta Health and Wellness, Alberta Health Services, Health Canada – First Nations and Inuit Health Branch and the Aboriginal Diabetes Initiative, and the Canadian Diabetes Association, CIHR, the Alberta Center for Community and Family Research, and The Lawson Foundation. We wish to acknowledge the invaluable contribution made by all the communities with which we have collaborated in our research. Correspondence concerning this article should be addressed to Kelli Ralph-Campbell, University of Alberta, 8308 114 St., Suite 1055, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada T6G 2V2. E-mail: kralph@ualberta.ca 400 © Pimatisiwin: A Journal of Aboriginal and Indigenous Community Health 9(2) 2011 advantages and disadvantages of conducting research-related screening for undiagnosed type 2 diabetes in Aboriginal communities, describing the potential for collaborative community-based participatory research (CBPR) to create trust relationships between community and researcher; define new ethical arrangements that emerge from community wisdom, tradition, practice, and commonsense; and take into account the sociohistorical realities experienced by Aboriginal peoples through generations. We assert that collaborative CBPR can be a blueprint for implementing new systemic structures, such as health care delivery, at a societal level, aimed at addressing Aboriginal disenfranchisement, and at creating shared ethical space to encourage the non-Aboriginal partner, situated in the dominant sphere, to relinquish power.