Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Improving Regulation Service Based on Adaptive Load Frequency Control in LMP Energy Market

In a new environment of energy deregulation, the locational marginal price (LMP) basis is overwhelming congestion management issues. But it still requires proper ancillary services to serve the system. Load frequency control (LFC) is needed to maintain the system frequency in the dynamic environment. In this letter, an efficient LFC approach with the critical load level (CLL)-based adaptive participation factor is proposed for an LMP-based market. The CLL is considered when the load varies from the generation set point. The proposed approach could enhance the LFC performance in securely following up the aggressive change of energy demand. The PJM 5-bus system is used to illustrate the proposed LFC.
Cognitive Behavioural Strategies in Pain Management

AIN IS a universal phenomenon, affecting all cultures and races. Pain presents in many forms, with a wide -Marray of aetiologies, and produces highly individual responses. Because of the variability in response and pervasiveness of the symptom, management of pain presents one of the greatest challenges to health care professionals today. Meichenbaum and Turk (1976) noted the similarity between the multidimensional nature of pain proposed by the gate control theory and cognitive behavioural approaches to therapy. The basis of the cognitive behavioural approach, as the name suggests, is drawn from cognitive and learning theory. This approach employs learning principles to modify cognition, affect, and behaviour; that is the unit of’behavioural’ analysis has been expanded to include cognition and affect. A cognitive behavioural approach emphasizes client collaboration, an educational focus, and primary responsibility of the client for change (Turk, Meichenbaum and Genest, 1983). Common techniques used in cognitive behavioural therapy include provision of sensory information, self-statement training, imagery, and relaxation. These cognitive or coping strategies, which are established procedures easily learned and applied to pain management, are the focus of this paper. Cognitive and pain theories provide the explanatory framework for these coping strategies.
Impact of Product Architecture on Disruptive Innovation: Case Study of Sharp Corporation and Its Acquisition by Hon Hai

This single-case study examines Sharp Corporation to uncover why sound companies fail when they confront changes in markets and technology. Although Sharp successfully established a vertically integrated production factory to produce LCD-TVs, the company ultimately failed and was acquired by Taiwan's Hon Hai. The case study shows that Sharp's fatal failures were excessive investment in its Sakai factory and improperly assessing the disruptive technological innovation presented by a "recommended module" for China smartphones. This case study shows that the change in product architecture from integral to modular triggered disruptive innovation and Sharp's rapid decline.
Women and Cardiovascular Disease

Cardiovascular disease impacts everybody and places significant burdens on the health care system. Educating women on their risks and how to reduce these risks will not only make women more aware but will help to improve lives and reduce health care costs. This commentary will review heart disease in women and what women can do to improve their cardiovascular health.
Goal-oriented testing for MASs

As Multi-Agent Systems (MASs) are increasingly applied in complex distributed applications such as financial and healthcare services, assurance needs to be given to the user that the implemented MASs operate properly, i.e., they meet their specifications and the stakeholder's expectations. Testing is an important and widely applied technique in practice to reach this goal. Current Agent-Oriented Software Engineering (AOSE) methodologies address testing only partially. Some of them exploit Object-Oriented (OO) testing techniques, based on a mapping of agent-oriented abstractions into OO constructs; this may require additional development effort and introduce anomalies. Moreover, a structured testing process for AOSE methodologies is still missing. In this paper we introduce a testing methodology, called Goal-Oriented Software Testing (GOST), for MAS. The methodology specifies a testing process that complements goal-oriented analysis and design. Furthermore, GOST provides a systematic way of deriving test cases from goal-oriented specifications and techniques to automate test case generation and their execution.
Memory in Old Age: Patterns of Decline and Preservation

This article reviews patterns of decline and preservation of memory skills in healthy older adults. Age-related changes in primary, working, and long-term memory abilities as determined by clinical assessment tools and laboratory-derived measures are discussed with specific review of evidence for age-related decline in encoding, storage, and retrieval of information from memory. Lastly, memory training techniques appropriate for the older adult population are reviewed.
Discomfort and Exertion Associated with Prolonged Wear of Respiratory Protection in a Health Care Setting

The nature of discomfort and level of exertion associated with wearing respiratory protection in the health care workplace are not well understood. Although a few studies have assessed these topics in a laboratory setting, little is known about the magnitude of discomfort and the level of exertion experienced by workers while they deliver health care to patients for prolonged periods. The purpose of this study was to determine the magnitude of discomfort and level of exertion experienced by health care workers while wearing respiratory protection for periods up to 8 hr when performing their typical occupational duties. This project was a multiple cross-over field trial of 27 health care workers, aged 24–65, performing their typical, hospital-based occupational duties. Each participant served as his/her own control and wore one of seven respirators or a medical mask for 8 hr (or as long as tolerable) with interposed doffing periods every 2 hr. Self-perceived discomfort and exertion were quantified before each doffing: self-perceived level of discomfort using a visual analog scale, and self-perceived level of exertion using a Borg scale. Overall, and as would be expected, discomfort increased over time with continual respirator use over an 8-hr period. Interestingly, exertion increased only marginally over the same time period. The relatively low level of exertion associated with eight respiratory protective devices, including models commonly used in the U.S. health care workplace, is not likely to substantially influence workers’ tolerability or occupational productivity. However, the magnitude of discomfort does appear to increase significantly over time with prolonged wear. These results suggest that respirator-related discomfort, but not exertion, negatively influences respirator tolerance over prolonged periods. Discomfort may also interfere with the occupational duties of workers.
Effect of short chain branching of LDPE on its miscibility with linear HDPE

The influences of short chain branching (SBC) on the the melt miscibility of low-density polyethylene (LDPE) with linear ligh-dessity polyethylene (HDPE) were investigated by rheological methods. Two LDPE resins with different branch contents were blended with the same linear HDPE. Dynamic and steady shear measurements were carreid out using a Rheometrics ARES rheometer at 190°C. The rheology of the low-SCB LDPE (9 CH 3 /1 000C) blends with HDPE can be predicted by the linear additivity rule. Hence, blends were suggested to be completely miscible at all compositions. However, blends ot eh thigh branch content LDPE (SCB = 19 CH 3 /1 000C) were completely immiscible. Also, the different viscous and elastic properties ot all the immiscible blends were much higer than the corresponding values for the more viscous and elastic blend component. The ratio of interfacial tension to droplet radius was estimated from Scholz et al. model as ≃ 1500 N.m -2 . The level of SCB in LDPE was found to have a strong influence on its miscibility with linear HDPE.
Self-Neglect and Neglect of Vulnerable Older Adults: Reexamination of Etiology

Using assessment and investigation data from the reported APS cases in Texas, this study examines the types of elder self-neglect and neglect, including medical neglect. It then examines the association between self-neglect and neglect and individual economic resources as well as health care and social service programs for the poor. The findings show that elder self-neglect/neglect is, in large part, attributable to frail older adults' and their families' lack of resources to pay for essential goods and services and the inadequate healthcare and other formal support programs for the older adults and their caregivers. This inadequate public policy coverage, rather than individual and intrafamily risk factors per se, needs to be considered as a significant cause of elder self-neglect/neglect.
Application of MALDI-MS analysis of Rainforest chemodiversity: a keystone for biodiversity conservation and sustainable use.

Brazil hosts the largest proportion of global biodiversity and has demonstrated its commitment in conservation and sustainable use being a key negotiator of the Nagoya Protocol. The “Convention on Biological Diversity” (CBD) calls for actions to reduce extinction rates, something that according with different theories is of fundamental importance for the survival of life on Earth. Contrary to its position in the CBD meetings, Brazil approved a new Forest Code that will result in escalating deforestation, increasing the urgency to demonstrate the value of native species. Extractive-based activities of forest inhabitants are basically economical prospective activities upon the forest richness whose act harmfully against the environment. For centuries, such activity resulted in low profits, triggering a perverse logic that profit increase is necessarily linked to extraction increase. In the last decades, new strategies, as for instance the Sustainable Development Reserve Mamiraua, are showing that forest preservation can also be profitable. Considering the new paradigm of green economy, which now surrounds all this tensioned discussion, we are bringing to the eyesight of policy-makers results on biodiversity conservation research: combining floristic and chemodiversity surveys, using fast high throughput mass spectrometry screening (HT-MSS), to screen forest leaves for economically valued natural products. Matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization (MALDI) ionizationbased machines are well known by their ability to furnish fast data and can be an important tool for HT-MSS. One of the aims of a long-term ongoing BIOTA/FAPESP research project at the Serra do Mar State Park is to understand ecophysiological traits of leaves, and MALDI-MS was an alternative to identify alkaloids as one of the nitrogen sink. Regarding the following main points: (1) analysis of plant attributed nitrogen fixation and (2) profitable policies for biodiversity conservation, we suggest the screening for alkaloids to be carried out using the leaves of the trees that are top ranked in population density lists within the forest sociology. In order to reach these aims, a set larger than 500 samples was screened for the occurrence of alkaloids and botanical identification. Classical chemical procedures were also applied to validate the results (Dragendorff, Mayer and Wagner assays). In this letter, we provide the first HT MALDI-MS and MALDI-MS/MS forest screening method to provide added value to local specimens of plants. Ionic liquid was used to get around known ionization problems of small molecules (< 1200Da) by avoiding isobaric ions formation by the matrix. Although, LC-ESI-MS is the common technique to screen small molecules, it is highly time consuming, since in six days, only 50 samples can be analyzed. Therefore, our strategy is based on the ability of MALDI to quickly screen a very large number of samples using an ionic liquid as matrix. Using this approach, we can screen up to 200 samples within a 3 h time-frame.
F2F: A Library For Fast Kernel Expansions

F2F is a C++ library for large-scale machine learning. It contains a CPU optimized implementation of the Fastfood algorithm in Le et al. (2013), that allows the computation of approximated kernel expansions in loglinear time. The algorithm requires to compute the product of Walsh-Hadamard Transform (WHT) matrices. A cache friendly SIMD Fast Walsh-Hadamard Transform (FWHT) that achieves compelling speed and outperforms current state-of-the-art methods has been developed. F2F allows to obtain non-linear clas-siﬁcation combining Fastfood and a linear classiﬁer.
Personal and Practical Considerations in Selecting a Psychology Internship

Although the internship literature contains many contributions regarding ways to approach the internship application, interview, and selection processes to satisfy professional goals, few contributions address personal and practical considerations of applicants. This article addresses personal and practical issues, such as benefits, financial costs of relocating and living, family responsibilities, partner relocation, and training and personal responsibilities outside of internship. For all issues discussed, concrete recommendations are provided for helping applicants evaluate internships according to their concerns. A paired-comparison ranking technique for comparing sites along multiple criteria is proposed. The need for updated professional developmental models that incorporate personal and practical variables is also discussed. Most existing guides for selecting an internship emphasize pursuing the best-fitting internship in terms of professional goals and objectives (e.g., medical-university settings, rotations offered, supervisory styles, didactics, and available career paths after internship), and they offer suggestions for evaluating sites along these dimensions (BelarO Jacob, 1987;Megargee, 1992). Such guides focus less on the subjective, emotional, and practical aspects of the application and decisionmaking processes, such as benefits, relocation and living expenses, desired location, partner relocation, training and personal responsibilities outside of the internship, and interpersonal environment of the setting. To date, the way these variables ultimately can contribute to one's experience of the internship, one's emotional adjustment to it, and one's overall quality of life has not been examined. We believe a focus on personal and practical aspects of the internship is warranted because the length of time between beginning the internship and receiving psychology licensure appears to be increasing as a result of the additional practical experience required by state laws (Kaslow, McCarthy, Rogers, & Summerville, 1992; Stewart, 1994). One-year and sometimes 2-year postdoctoral and postinternship supervised work requirements have been written into many state licensure laws
Identification of Two-Tone Images; Some Implications for High- and Low-Spatial-Frequency Processes in Human Vision

Unlike most multitone images, two-tone images such as print, geometric figures, and line drawings are as easy to interpret in photographic negative as in positive form. However, images derived from a multitone original in which intensity values are quantised to two levels are not. Bi-level quantised images, distinct from most other two-tone images, are shown to contain picture related components in their low spatial frequencies. Since it is the low-spatial-frequency components alone of negative images that present difficulties for vision, it is proposed that images which are as easy to interpret in negative as in positive form are those which are readily identified using only their high spatial frequencies.
The KCNMB1 Glu65Lys polymorphism associates with reduced systolic and diastolic blood pressure in the Inter99 study of 5729 Danes

Objective The large Ca2+ and voltage-dependent potassium channel is important in regulating vascular tone in smooth muscle tissue. The rs11739136 KCNMB1 Glu65Lys polymorphism in the β1 subunit of the Ca2+ and voltage-dependent potassium channel has, in some studies, been reported to associate with a protective effect on diastolic hypertension. The previous studies have, however, been conflicting, and the aim of the present study was to clarify the impact of the Glu65Lys polymorphism on hypertension at the population level of middle-aged people. Design Large-scale sex-stratified case–control studies and analyses of quantitative blood pressure. Methods The KCNMB1 Glu65Lys (rs11739136) polymorphism was genotyped in 5729 Danes using matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry of PCR-generated primer extension products. Results In the population-based Inter99 cohort, the Glu65Lys polymorphism was associated with a 1.3% decrease in systolic blood pressure (P = 0.01) and a 1.1% decrease in diastolic blood pressure (P = 0.04) per Lys-allele among 2668 men. Among women, we observed no association between systolic or diastolic blood pressure and the Glu65Lys polymorphism. Conclusion If replicated, our findings suggest that the KCNMB1 Glu65Lys polymorphism associates with reduced systolic and diastolic blood pressure in middle-aged men.
[CT appearance and its diagnosis value in liver cancer after transcatheter oily chemoembolization combining with high intensity focused ultrasound therapy].

OBJECTIVE To study the CT appearances of liver cancer after transcatheter oily chemoembolization (TOCE) combining with high intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU) therapy. METHODS Fifty cases of clinically-proved liver cancer were included into this study. For each case, CT scanning before and after TOCE, HIFU treatment was performed. The volumes of the masses were measured. The appearances of the oily deposition and the density, shape, border of the lesions were observed. RESULTS The lesions became smaller in 38 cases (38/50, 76%) after the treatment. The differences were detected statistically in the ratio of the tumor shrinkage between the single TOCE therapy and the combined treatment (P<0.05). The ratio of the tumor shrinkage was closely correlative with the quantity of the oily deposition, but not with the diameter of the tumor before treatment. The lowered densities were showed in 30 cases (30/50, 60%) and the borders became regular and clear in 16 cases after HIFU therapy. CONCLUSIONS TOCE combining with HIFU therapy in the patients with liver cancer can make the tumor smaller. CT is of great value in the evaluation of efficacy and prognosis.
The Economics of Watershed Protection

Watershed protection may be a fine idea, but how much does it cost? How does it change the bottom line for the region, the development community, landowners and residents alike? This question is increasingly being posed to those advocating better watershed protection. In this article, we review economic research on the costs and benefits of employing watershed management tools and tally the score for the region, the municipality, the developer and the property owner.
A Sulfatide‐reactive Monoclonal Antibody Derived from a Patient with Multiple Sclerosis Binds to Myelin in Situa a

Experimental data indicate that autoantibodies against the myelin glycolipids, galactocerebroside (GalC) and sulfatide, might be involved in demyelinating processes in multiple sclerosis (MS). In order to gain insight into the myelin glycolipid-reactive B cell repertoire at the clonal level, monoclonal antibody (mAb)-secreting lymphoblastoid B cell lines were produced by Epstein-Barr virus transformation of peripheral blood cells from MS patients and control persons. I Those mAbs reactive with either GalC or sulfatide in a liposome agglutination assay were further characterized with regard to their binding properties to cells and structures of the central nervous system (CNS). One of these mAbs, the sulfatide-reactive IgM-mAb DSlF8, obtained from a patient with MS, selectively binds to the surface of GalC+ oligodendrocytes in mixed brain cell cultures of newborn rats. * In the present study, we tested mAb DSlF8 for its ability to react with myelin in situ, a prerequisite for a possible pathophysiological effect in vivo. Ultrathin sections of Epon-embedded rat brain tissue, processed by conventional fixation and dehydration procedures, were incubated with mAb DSlF8. As a control, a murine mAb anti-GalC was used, and antibody-binding sites were revealed using species-specific secondary antibodies coupled to gold particles. However, electron microscopic examinations showed that myelin glycolipid antigens were extracted and relocated on unmyelinated structures. For these reasons, biopsied native brain tissue was cryofixed by high-pressure freezing and freeze-substituted in acetone in the presence of osmium te t r~xide . ~ This procedure retained a good ultrastructure and prevented subsequent extraction and relocation of myelin glycolipid antigens. As shown in FIGURE 1, mAb DS 1F8 strongly reacted with compact myelin surrounding the axons, whereas unmyelinated structures were virtually devoid of any immunogold labeling. Immunogold double-labeling experiments further revealed that the observed reactivity of mAb DSlF8 was very similar to the staining pattern of mAb anti-GalC (FIGURE 2). From these data, we conclude that myelin glycolipid-reactive autoantibodies with binding
Characteristics, applications and challenges of SiC power devices for future power electronic system

Today, there is an increasing demand for high frequency, high power and high temperature applications where the converters will operate in a harsh environment. Switching devices based on Silicon Carbide (SiC) offer a significant performance improvement on the switch level compared with Si devices. This paper describes the current state of the art in SiC devices briefly. Then the research and development of applying SiC devices in military and industrial applications are given respectively. And challenges regarding broader implementation of SiC devices today are emphasized. Finally, a short outlook into the future for upcoming SiC power devices is given.
Estimation of FST and the Impact of de novo Mutation

Objectives: Wright defined FST as a measure of genetic differentiation. Cockerham developed an estimator of FST based on binary indicators in an ANOVA framework. Here, we address 2 issues regarding the estimation of FST. First, we derive a new estimator of FST based on the ANOVA framework using the doubly truncated normal distribution as an approximation of the binomial distribution to estimate variances. Second, we consider the impact of de novo mutation on FST estimation. Methods: We compare our estimator to Weir and Cockerham's estimator via computer simulation. We apply our estimator to whole genome sequence data from the 1000 Genomes Project. We use chimpanzee whole genome sequence data to ascertain for ancestral polymorphisms. Results: By simulation, our new estimator is less biased than Weir and Cockerham's estimator for comparison of two subpopulations and is systematically more precise. As determined empirically by ascertainment of ancestral polymorphisms and theoretically, the effect of de novo mutation on FST estimation with human whole genome sequence data is statistically negligible. The effect of down-sampling ancestral polymorphisms is also statistically negligible. Conclusions: These results improve and simplify the use and interpretation of FST in studies of population structure.