Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
New Approaches to Preparation of SnO2-Based Varistors — Chemical Synthesis, Dopants, and Microwave Sintering

Tin oxides have applications such as sensors, solar cells, transistors, and varistors, which are being studied to replace ZnO varistors due to similar electrical properties, simpler microstructure, no formation of secondary phases, and lower concentration of agent modifiers to promote the varistor characteristics and densification. Varistors are ceramic with a high concentration of structural and electronics defects. The type and the amount of defects are related with agent modifiers and processing steps employed. The study in materials processing aims to improve the ceramics properties. Chemical synthesis ensures the homogeneous distribution of dopants used to promote electrical and structural properties. Microwave sintering appears as processing to optimize time and sintering temperature. Varistor application is linked to its breakdown voltage, which should be larger than the operating voltage. In an operating range of 1 kV to 1 MV, the varistors are used in electricity transmission networks. In a range of 24–1000 V, the application occurs in electronics and appliances and in a range smaller than 24 V, as protective of automotive electronics and computers. This chapter aims to provide information on new processing steps for the production of SnO2 varistors and to show the possibility to get electrical properties with non-ohmic characteristic for technological applications.
Weekend Educational Program at the ISMRM Meeting in Milan, Italy, 2014 Modeling Cancer in MR Studies: Cells and Animals

Hanahan and Weinberg (1) summarized the biology of tumor cells and categorized 8 distinct hallmarks and 2 enabling characteristics of cancer. The hallmarks are sustaining proliferative signaling, evading growth suppressors, enabling replicative immortality, inducing angiogenesis, resisting cell death, activating invasion and metastasis, avoiding immune destruction, and deregulating cellular energetics. The 2 characteristics are tumor-promoting inflammation, and genome instability and mutation (1). MR methods can be applied to investigate these hallmarks and characteristics either in vitro or in vivo. This course will describe the different cell and animal models that can be used to investigate these with MRI, MRS and MRSI. The complementary role of in vitro, ex vivo and in vivo experiments will be detailed. Examples of typical MR application in cells and mice will be given, and limitations relative to each model will be discussed. At the end of the course, the attendants should be familiar with the advantages and disadvantages of the different experimental models available to study cancer with MRI, MRS and MRSI, and should be able to decide which model would be the best to use for their specific study.
Simulation of Collision Deformations

Computer animations and visual effects have always been identified as human timeconsuming tasks, due to the necessity to create a realistic footage from the interpolation of static frames, called key-frames. Recently, Craft Animations has developed a new technique in order to create physics based animations, which by definition have to be realistic, since created from a realistic physical model. In this new framework each object in the scene is not anymore a virtual entity, but a real physical object with its own properties and able to interact with the environment and to be moved interactively by the graphical artists. In this view, each frame is a static key-frame, since it is correct by itself, and no artificial interpolation is needed. Computer animation is now becoming a machine time-consuming task, and thus a physical engine able to efficiently handle the complexity of the scenes must be created from scratch. Following the path of mathematical sciences and engineering, the first natural step has been to implement a rigid body world; the task of this work is to get rid of the rigid assumption and add deformations to our world, in order to do this an efficient collision detection algorithm must also be implemented; the next task will be to add more complicated physics such as fluid dynamics, heat effects and many more.
Individual Differences in Risky Decision Making: A Meta‐analysis of Sensation Seeking and Impulsivity with the Balloon Analogue Risk Task

SUMMARY To represent the state-of-the-art in an effort to understand the relation between personality and risk taking, we selected a popular decision task with characteristics that parallel risk taking in the real world and two personality traits commonly believed to influence risk taking. A meta-analysis is presented based on 22 studies of the Balloon Analogue Risk Task from which correlations with sensation seeking and impulsivity assessments could be obtained. Results calculated on a total of 2120 participants showed that effect size for the relation of sensation seeking with risk taking was in the small–moderate range (r=.14), whereas the effect size for impulsivity was just around the small effect size threshold (r=.10). Although we considered participants’ demographics as moderators, we found only significantly larger effect sizes for the older adolescents and young adults compared with other ages. The findings of the present review supported the view that inconsistencies in personality–risk research were mostly due to random fluctuations of specific effect sizes, rather than to lack of theoretical ties or to measurement unreliability. It is also concluded that studies aimed at relating individual differences in personality to performance in experimental decision tasks need an appropriate sample size to achieve the power to produce significant results. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Reading from paper versus screens: a critical review of the empirical literature

The advent of widespread computer use in general and increasing developments in the domain of hypertext in particular have increased awareness of the issue of reading electronic text. To date the literature has been dominated by reference to work on overcoming speed deficits resulting from poor image quality but an emerging literature reveals a more complex set of variables at work. The present review considers the differences between the media in terms of outcomes and processes of reading and concludes that single variable explanations are insufficient to capture the range of issues involved in reading from screens.
Interaction between water-soluble polysaccharides and native nanofibrillar cellulose thin films

The objective of this work was to compare the adsorption of different polysaccharides and cellulose derivatives on cellulose nanofibril films. Cellulose films having the native cellulose I structure were prepared from hardwood kraft pulp by extensive mechanical disintegration. Further fractionation enabled the preparation of reproducible, nanometer-scale thickness films. Systematic comparison by Quartz Crystal Microbalance with Dissipation (QCM-D) showed that various industrially available galactomannans have almost as good affinity to cellulose surface as xyloglucan and that most of the polysaccharides attach irreversibly to cellulose nanofibrils at low pH (4.5) and intermediate ionic strength (10 mM). SPR results support the QCM-D findings. Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM) imaging and Digital Pulsed Force Mode (DPFM) measurements further confirmed that a uniform non-aggregated layer of polysaccharides was formed that changed the properties of the NFC film.
The Examination of the Effect of Irrigation Interval and Nitrogen Amount on the Yield and Yield Components of Maize (Zea mays L. CV. Single cross 704) in Mazandaran Provience

In order to evaluation the effect of irrigation interval and different amount of nitrogen fertilizer on agronomic characteristics of maize, single cross 704, the experiment was carried out as split plot in randomized complet blocks design with 3 replictions at 2009 in mazandaran provience. Irrigation interval was chosen as main plot at 4 levels which are 75, 100, 125 and 150mm evaporation pot of A class, nitrogen amount was also chosen as sub- plot at 3 replictions which are 0, 96 and 184 kg/ha at the rate of 0, 200 and 400 kg/ha urea fertilizer, respectively. The results showed that the grain yield in creased using of 184 kg/ha nitrogen fertilizer due to in creasing, ear length and thick, inceasing the graing and the row number per ear, and increasing the grain number per row of ear and the weight of 100 grains. The maximum grain tield was obtained by 75 and 125mm evaporation of class A pot, at the rate of 12490 and 13000 kg/ha, respectively. The graing yield components were not influenced by irrigation interval, statistically. Interaction between irrigation interval and nitrogen amount was significant on biological yield at the level of 1%, probability. The maximum grain yield was obtained by interaction of 125mm, evaporation of A class pot and using 184 kg/ha nitrogen fertilizer.
Regulation of the Epithelial Sodium Channel (ENaC) by the Short Palate, Lung, and Nasal Epithelial Clone (SPLUNC1)

35 Introduction.36 Results.38 Discussion.40 Methods.43 Figures.46 IV. ACIDIC ENVIRONEMNTS, LIKE THOSE IN CYSTIC FIBROSIS AIRWAYS, PREVENT SPLUNC1’S INHIBITION OF ENAC.53 Abstract.53 Introduction.54 Results.56 Discussion.58 Methods.28 Figures.64 V. Summary.72 VII. Appendix.75
STANDARDS OF PRACTICE Multidisciplinary Practical Guidelines for Gastrointestinal Access for Enteral Nutrition and Decompression From the Society of Interventional Radiology and American Gastroenterological Association (AGA) Institute, With Endorsement by Canadian Interventional Radiological Associa

J INTRODUCTION Tube feeding has been practiced for more than 400 years (1). In addition to feeding, gastrointestinal (GI) access can be used for decompression in cases of enteral obstruction. Temporary access can be achieved with a nasogastric (NG), oral gastric (OG), nasojejunal (NJ), or oral jejunal (OJ) feeding tube. These tubes can be placed “blindly” at the bedside, with the use of image guidance (eg, fluoroscopy, ultrasound), or with the use of endoscopic guidance. Unfortunately, natural orifice tubes often fail because of clogging as a result of their relatively small diameter or inadvertent dislodgement (2). More permanent enteral access can be obtained
Quantifying Product Favorability

5 Some of the challenges that designers face in getting broad external input from customers during and after product launch include geographic limitations and the need for physical interaction with the design artifact(s). Having to conduct such user-based studies would require huge amounts of time and financial resources. In the past decade, social media has emerged as an increasingly important medium of communication and information sharing. Being able to mine and harness product-relevant knowledge within such a massive, readily accessible collection of data would give designers an alternative way to learn customers’ preferences in a timely and cost-effective manner. In this paper, we propose a data mining driven methodology that identifies product features and associated customer opinions favorably received in the market space which can then be integrated into the design of next generation products. Two unique product domains (smartphones and automobiles) are investigated to validate the proposed methodology and establish social media data as a viable source of large scale, heterogeneous data relevant to next generation product design and development. We demonstrate in our case studies that incorporating suggested features into next generation products can result in favorable sentiment from social media users. [DOI: 10.1115/1.4029562]
Phenolic Extract of Basil Prevents Lipid Oxidation in Sunflower Oil , Beef and Turkey Meat : A Comparison with Synthetic Antioxidant BHA

In this study we investigated the protective effect of phenolic extract from sweet basil against oxidation in sunflower oil and meat. The phenolic extract scavenges DPPH radical with an IC50= 33.3±2.89 μg/mL which is less than that recorded by BHA (IC50= 24.17±1.44 μg/mL, P<0.01). This extract inhibits oxidative bleaching of β-carotene (IC50= 29.5±0.87 μg/mL) relatively less than BHA (IC50= 21±1 μg/mL) (P<0.001). Moreover, the extract protects sunflower oil against oxidation induced by copper (IC50 = 17.78±0.04 μg/mL). This activity is lower than that exerted by BHA (IC50= 16.53±0.14 μg/mL) (P<0.001). The extract also provides a significant prevention of sunflower oil peroxidation during storage at 37°C (53%, P <0.001) comparing to BHA which decreases oil peroxidation by 61% (P<0.001). Against, the phenolic extract decreased the peroxidation of oil after heating at 370°C/5h by 49% (P <0.001) while the BHA acts by 57% (P<0.001). The basil phenolic extract significantly reduced malonaldehyde content in beef stored at 4°C (P<0.001) and in turkey meat (P <0.001). The extract contains 211.28±1.99 mg/g total phenol. The phytochemical characterization by HPLC showed that the extract contains four phenolic acids: caftaric acid (2.9%), chicoric acid (5.5%), caffeic (4.3%) acid and rosmarinic acid (87.3%) which represents the major compound. In conclusion, we suggest that the basil phenolic extract is a good source of natural antioxidants that might be exploited in food preservation.
Nonlocality in Bell’s Theorem, in Bohm’s Theory, and in Many Interacting Worlds Theorising

“Locality” is a fraught word, even within the restricted context of Bell’s theorem. As one of us has argued elsewhere, that is partly because Bell himself used the word with different meanings at different stages in his career. The original, weaker, meaning for locality was in his 1964 theorem: that the choice of setting by one party could never affect the outcome of a measurement performed by a distant second party. The epitome of a quantum theory violating this weak notion of locality (and hence exhibiting a strong form of nonlocality) is Bohmian mechanics. Recently, a new approach to quantum mechanics, inspired by Bohmian mechanics, has been proposed: Many Interacting Worlds. While it is conceptually clear how the interaction between worlds can enable this strong nonlocality, technical problems in the theory have thus far prevented a proof by simulation. Here we report significant progress in tackling one of the most basic difficulties that needs to be overcome: correctly modelling wavefunctions with nodes.
Transcatheter occlusion o A prevention for decomp

In 1986 Wilmshurst and colleagues obse recreational scuba diver after a 15 minute dive embolism (VGE) passing through a previou Embolization of thrombus through a patent foram (2), and the concept of venous to arterial emboliz common after recreational dives but usually silen could traverse an intracardiac shunt and cause i brain and spinal cord. While large atrial sep Wilmshurst’s case are rare, small defects (paten of the population (3), and could provide a simil Indeed, several investigators have demonstrated a decompression illness, predominantly cerebral, s has also been associated with skin bends (11) demonstrated in as many as 89% of symptomatic (cerebral or spinal cord bends), compared with 20 The general diving public has enthusiasti dive evaluations, questions about PFO are alway Network is bombarded with PFO queries. T development of transvenous occluder devices, w procedure in as little as 30 minutes. In Europe approved for closure of hemodynamically signi thromboembolism. In the US, transvenous occlu device exemption for the closure of a PFO in p presumed paradoxical embolism and who have fa This concept has been extended to divin use of a transcatheter occlusion device in an atte diver (12). Walsh and colleagues reported the u divers with neurological DCI (13). The authors
Development of Network-type Archaeological Investigation System

Abstract. The Great East Japan Earthquake on March 11, 2011 is said to be a once-in-1000-year catastrophic quake. The Tsunami triggered by the earthquake destroyed broad coastal areas in northeast Japan. As recovery from the earthquake proceeds, the demand for new road construction, housing hill development, and residential construction is rapidly increasing. Culture plays a critical role in the district’s recovery. For that reason, before development, cultural properties in the corresponding districts must be urgently investigated. This is a must, although balancing cultural recovery with rapid economic recovery is no easy task. With this in mind, we have developed a new system focusing on speedy archaeological investigation and adequate documentation. The authors reexamined the existing investigation process to categorize tasks into two types: those that must be done only at archaeological sites (site A) and ones available at other places (site B). We then formulated a scheme where the tasks on both sites are performed simultaneously in parallel over the network. Experiments are ongoing. This presentation reports the process and issues of our research and development.
Science with NIFS, Australia's First Gemini Instrument

Abstract The Near-infrared Integral Field Spectrograph (NIFS) will beAustralia’s first Gemini instrument. NIFS is a near-infrared, imaging spectrograph that will be used with the ALTAIR facility adaptive optics system on Gemini North to perform near-diffraction-limited imaging spectroscopy over a 3·0″ × 3·0″ field of view with 0·1″ wide slitlets and a spectral resolving power of ˜5300. NIFS will operate in the wavelength range from 0·94–2·50 µm where ALTAIR delivers its greatest gains. Its primary purpose is to study moderate-surface-brightness structures around discrete objects that are revealed at high spatial resolution by ALTAIR. NIFS will address a wide range of science from studies of Galactic star formation and the Galactic centre to the nature of disk galaxies at z ˜ 1. Studies of the demographics of massive black holes in galactic nuclei and studies of the excitation conditions in the inner narrow-line regions of Seyfert galaxies have been identified as two core NIFS programs. These and other science drivers for NIFS are discussed.
Processing and querying large web corpora with the COW14 architecture

In this paper, I present the COW14 tool chain, which comprises a web corpus creation tool called texrex, wrappers for existing linguistic annotation tools as well as an online query software called Colibri2. By detailed descriptions of the implementation and systematic evaluations of the performance of the software on different types of systems, I show that the COW14 architecture is capable of handling the creation of corpora of up to at least 100 billion tokens. I also introduce our running demo system which currently serves corpora of up to roughly 20 billion tokens in Dutch, English, French, German, Spanish, and Swedish
REAL ANALYSIS RELATED TO THE MONGE-AMPERE EQUATION

In this paper we consider a family of convex sets in Rn, F = {S(x, t)}, x ∈ Rn, t > 0, satisfying certain axioms of affine invariance, and a Borel measure μ satisfying a doubling condition with respect to the family F . The axioms are modelled on the properties of the solutions of the real Monge-Ampère equation. The purpose of the paper is to show a variant of the Calderón-Zygmund decomposition in terms of the members of F . This is achieved by showing first a Besicovitch-type covering lemma for the family F and then using the doubling property of the measure μ. The decomposition is motivated by the study of the properties of the linearized Monge-Ampère equation. We show certain applications to maximal functions, and we prove a John and Nirenberg-type inequality for functions with bounded mean oscillation with respect to F .
The Effect of Carbon Monoxide pre-Treatments on the Colour Stability of Vacuum Packaged Beef Steaks

Carbon monoxide (CO) as a component of wood smoke has a long history of applications in meat, fish, vegetable and fruit processing. More recently it has been used in meat packaging to enhance colour stability. Concerns have been raised by regulatory authorities that CO may mask meat spoilage and meat might be sold beyond its sell-bydate due to the bright red colour being retained. This study investigated the use of 5% CO as a pretreatment prior to vacuum packaging beef striploin steaks (Longissimus thoracis et lumborum, LTL) to induce the desirable cherry red colour, while determining the optimum pre-treatment time to allow discoloration by 28 days of storage (2°C). A range of pre-treatment exposure times (1, 3, 5, 7, 9, 15 and 24 h) were applied to steaks using a gas mixture of 5% CO, 60% CO2 and 35% N2. Colour analysis was measured over 28 days of storage and microbiological analysis was analysed at the end of storage. The CO5 treatment appears to be the most appropriate as the bright cherry red colour desirable to consumers was achieved, and discolouration reached unacceptable levels (a* = 12, C* = 16)by the use-date of 28 days, thus ensuring the consumer of a reliable visual indication of freshness and addressing concerns about consumer safety. The 5% CO pre-treatment had no negative effect on the microbiological safety of steaks (P>0.05).
NODES 09. NOrdic workshop and doctoral symposium on DEpendability and Security, Linköping, Sweden, April 27, 2009

In this paper we present an approach on how executable formal specifications of Network-on-Chip routing schemes can help on deciding efficient placement of processing resources on 3D-integrated systems. We use a routing scheme specified with the B Action Systems formalism and we execute it with the model checking and animating tool ProB in order to obtain traces of operation executions based on different data flow scenarios.
Setting the Foundation for Scientific Inquiry and Computational Thinking in Early Childhood using Lego Machines and Mechanism Education Kit

We present a case study and an experience report on teaching engineering skills to young learners in the 7 to 10 years age group. Teaching engineering skills through a constructivist approach involving hands-on activities by designing and building machines and mechanism through concrete objects helps in developing the problem solving abilities of the child. Such activities also helps in laying the foundation for computer programming courses and scientific inquiry at elementary level. We present a learning environment and a curriculum using Lego simple machines and mechanism kit. Our objective is not only to teach concepts of basic machines but also develop essential skills like team work and collaboration, communication and time management in students belonging to the early childhood age group. We conduct experiments on a batch of five students during a summer camp and used a mixed method approach to collect both qualitative and quantitative data about their learning and behavior. Our research and findings provides empirical evidences that it is possible to develop engineering skills at early childhood level in addition to developing language literacy and mathematical thinking.
The Effects of Varicocele on DNA Morphology

Varicocele is one of the major causes of infertility in men. Although there are different theories related to the pathophysiology of the varicocele, the exact pathophysiologic mechanism remains unknown. Sperm DNA damage may be the cause of undiagnosed infertility problems. The standard semen examination may not be sufficient to determine the etiology of infertility. For this reason, extra tests are needed to identify sperm DNA damage. Despite conflicting reports, many studies have shown that varicocele repair improves the quality of sperm DNA.