Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Untersuchungen zur Rolle des von CD73 extrazellulär gebildeten Adenosins in der Arteriogenese mittels Methoden der Magnetresonanz

Adenosin ist das Dephosphorylierungsprodukt von ATP, das als Signalmolekul auch extrazellular entsteht und uber einen ubiquitar ablaufenden Nukleotidkatbolismus bis zum Adenosin abgebaut wird. Adenosin wirkt uber spezifische Adenosinrezeptoren und nachgeschaltete second messenger auf vielfaltige Weise auf den Zellmetabolismus ein und spielt eine wichtige Rolle in der Regulation des Gefastonus und bei Entzundungsreaktionen. Da die Rolle von Adenosin in der Arteriogenese bisher noch nicht naher untersucht war, wurde in der vorliegenden Arbeit mit Hilfe einer CD73-defizienten Maus, welche nicht in der Lage ist AMP zu Adenosin abzubauen, die Rolle von extrazellular gebildetem Adenosin auf die Arteriogenese untersucht. Hierzu wurde ein reproduzierbares murines Hinterlauf-ischamiemodell durch einseitige Ligatur der Femoralarterie etabliert. Im Weiteren wurde ein neues MR-Protokoll ausgearbeitet, welches durch hochauflosende Angiographie des Hinterlaufs die direkte, kontinuierliche Darstellung der Kollateralgefasentwicklung ermoglichte. Mit diesem Verfahren konnte gezeigt werden, dass die CD73-defizienten Tiere eine transient beschleunigte Kollateralenentwicklung aufwiesen. Zusatzlich konnte mittels 31P-NMR-Spektroskopie gezeigt werden dass die Konzentration der energiereichen Phosphatverbindungen ATP und Phosphokreatin nach Hinterlaufischamie auf Grund der gesteigerten Arteriogenese weniger stark abfallen. Diese funktionellen Befunde konnten durch seperate histologische post-mortem Analysen abgesichert werden: CD73-/--Mause bildeten Kollateralgefase mit groseren Gefasdurchmessern aus. Aus unseren Ergebnissen last sich schliessen, dass extrazellular gebildetes Adenosin ein wichtiger endogener Modulator der Arteriogenese ist. Wird Adenosin vermindert gebildet, wie z.B. bei der CD73-/--Maus, so fuhrt dies zur Ausbildung eines proinflammatorischen Milieus am Gefas mit konsekutiver proarteriogenen Wirkung.
EL SALARIO DE LOS TRABAJADORES ARGENTINOS SEGÚN LA COMPOSICIÓN DE EMPLEO EN PERSPECTIVA INTERNACIONAL EN EL PERÍODO 2003-2013. MARCO GENERAL DEL PROBLEMA Y PERSPECTIVA DE INVESTIGACIÓN.

En el plano teorico, desde distintas escuelas se sostiene -con argumentaciones diferentes- la importancia que la diferenciacion de la subjetividad productiva tiene en la determinacion del nivel salarial. Por su parte, en el plano historico-concreto, desde mediados de los setenta, con la nueva division internacional del trabajo, se observa una fuerte segmentacion del mercado de trabajo al interior de los paises pero, tambien, entre paises. En este contexto, el presente trabajo se constituye como una disquisicion sobre una investigacion en curso respecto de la composicion y el nivel salarial de los trabajadores asalariados argentinos en perspectiva internacional en los comienzos del siglo XXI. La hipotesis principal que guia la investigacion es que el salario de paridad de poder adquisitivo de los trabajadores argentinos es menor al de los trabajadores de paises desarrollados para todos los grupos identificados segun el nivel educativo y clasificacion de la ocupacion, reproduciendo en cada caso la situacion del salario promedio del total de la economia. En este sentido, lo que se busca es avanzar en las determinaciones de la venta de la fuerza de trabajo por debajo del valor en Argentina desde mediados de los setenta
Androgen regulation of gene expression

Androgen receptors are important transcription factors regulating the expression of a number of genes in androgen‐responsive cells and may play a role in prostate cancer. This article describes transcriptional suppressors and other transcription factors which may play important roles in modulating the expression of androgen receptors. © 1996 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Diurnal variation in the levels of antidiuretic hormone in the elderly

Abstract. The secretion of antidiuretic hormone (ADH) and the serum osmolality were measured at 4‐h intervals throughout a 24‐h period in 69 healthy elderly volunteers. In male subjects the concentrations of plasma ADH were always twofold higher than in female subjects. The normal diurnal rhythm, with increased ADH secretion during the night, was not seen in this group of elderly subjects, with the exception of elderly men who did not urinate during the night, in whom a substantial increase in plasma ADH levels occurred. In as many as 25% of all the ADH measurements performed (n = 455) ADH was not detectable by the method used. The lack of a definite diurnal rhythm in most of the elderly subjects could to some extent explain the increased diuresis during the night in the elderly.
Pinealectomy Does Not Affect the Healing of Experimental Colonic Anastomoses

Gastrointestinal system anastomoses, especially colonic anastomoses, have significant morbidity and mortality despite recent technical improvements. Besides regulating the circadian rhythm, the pineal gland and its main neurohormone product melatonin have widespread actions in the organism. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of pinealectomy on the healing of colonic anastomoses. One hundred male albino Wistar rats were used in this study. The rats were separated into three groups: control, pinealectomy, and sham groups. In the control group, only colonic resection and anastomoses were performed. Following pinealectomy, colonic anastomosis was performed 2 weeks later on one half and 2 months later on the other half of the pinealectomy group. Only craniotomy was performed on the sham group, and the rats were separated and evaluated like the pinealectomy group. Colonic anastomoses were evaluated on postanastomotic day 3 and 7 by measuring the bursting pressure and the hydroxyproline levels in the anastomotic segments. There was no difference in the bursting pressure measurements between the groups on both postoperative day 3 and 7. Although hydroxyproline levels were different between groups on both postanastomotic days 3 and 7, it has been observed that neither normal nor anastomotic hydroxyproline levels influenced the anastomotic bursting pressure measurements. The percent deviation from the normal values was compared in the anastomotic segments, and no differences were found regarding the bursting pressure and hydroxyproline levels. It was concluded that pinealectomy has no effect on the healing of colonic anastomoses.
Mindfulness online: an evaluation of the feasibility of a web-based mindfulness course for stress, anxiety and depression

Objectives Face-to-face mindfulness interventions have been shown to significantly decrease perceived stress, anxiety and depression and research is beginning to show similar benefits for such courses delivered via the internet. We investigated the feasibility and effectiveness of an online mindfulness course for perceived stress, anxiety and depression. Design A follow-up investigation of an online mindfulness course. Previous research examining the change in perceived stress showed promising results. Measures of anxiety and depression were added to the online mindfulness course and these were investigated as well as perceived stress using a new, larger sample. Participants Participants (N=273) were self-referrals to the online course who completed the outcome measure immediately before the course, upon course completion and at 1 month follow-up. Intervention The programme consists of 10 sessions, guided meditation videos and automated emails, with elements of Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction and Mindfulness-Based Cognitive Therapy, completed at a pace to suit the individual (minimum length 4 weeks). Primary and secondary outcome measures The Perceived Stress Scale, the Generalised Anxiety Disorder Assessment-7 and the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (for depression). Mindfulness practice was self-reported at automated time points upon login, once the exercises and sessions for each week were completed. Results Perceived stress, anxiety and depression significantly decreased at course completion and further decreased at 1 month follow-up, with effect sizes comparable to those found with face-to-face and other online mindfulness courses and to other types of intervention, such as cognitive behavioural therapy for stress. The amount of meditation practice reported did affect outcome when controlling for baseline severity. Conclusions The online mindfulness course appears to be an acceptable, accessible intervention which reduces stress, anxiety and depression. However, there is no control comparison and future research is required to assess the effects of the course for different samples.
Identification of Wheat Gene Sr35 That Confers Resistance to Ug99 Stem Rust Race Group

Resistance May Not Be Futile Recently, Ug99, a particularly devastating strain of wheat stem rust fungus, has emerged, which could potentially threaten food security. Now, two genes have been cloned that offer resistance to Ug99. Saintenac et al. (p. 783, published online 27 June) cloned Sr35 from Triticum monococcum, a diploid wheat species not often cultivated. Periyannan et al. (p. 786, published online 27 June) cloned Sr33 from Aegilops tauschii, a diploid wild grass that contributed to the hexaploid genome of cultivated wheat. The genes both encode proteins that show features typical of other disease resistance proteins and offer opportunities to slow the pace of Ug99 progression. Two resistance genes are identified that could protect wheat from a virulent fungus that can severely reduce crop yields. Wheat stem rust, caused by Puccinia graminis f. sp. tritici (Pgt), is a devastating disease that can cause severe yield losses. A previously uncharacterized Pgt race, designated Ug99, has overcome most of the widely used resistance genes and is threatening major wheat production areas. Here, we demonstrate that the Sr35 gene from Triticum monococcum is a coiled-coil, nucleotide-binding, leucine-rich repeat gene that confers near immunity to Ug99 and related races. This gene is absent in the A-genome diploid donor and in polyploid wheat but is effective when transferred from T. monococcum to polyploid wheat. The cloning of Sr35 opens the door to the use of biotechnological approaches to control this devastating disease and to analyses of the molecular interactions that define the wheat-rust pathosystem.
Fibroblast growth factor 23 and fetuin A are independent predictors for the coronary artery disease extent in mild chronic kidney disease.

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Cardiovascular disease in chronic kidney disease (CKD) is explained in part by traditional cardiovascular risk factors; by uremia-specific factors; and by abnormalities of mineral metabolism, factors involved in its regulation, and in the vascular calcification process. DESIGN, SETTING, PARTICIPANTS, & MEASUREMENTS In an unselected population of 177 patients with calculated GFR (eGFR) between 90 and 30 ml/min per 1.73 m(2), the link between the mineral metabolism abnormalities (calcium, phosphorus, calcium-phosphorus product), regulatory factors (parathyroid hormone [PTH], intact PTH [iPTH], vitamin D, fibroblast growth factor 23 [FGF 23], and fetuin A), and the severity of coronary artery disease (CAD) assessed by coronary angiography were evaluated in three subgroups defined by tertiles of Gensini lesion severity score. RESULTS The mean serum values for FGF 23 in the entire study population was 28.1 ± 17.3 RU/ml and for fetuin A was 473.1 ± 156.2 μg/ml. Patients with eGFR < 60 ml/min per 1.73 m(2) had significantly higher values of FGF 23 compared with patients with eGFR > 60 ml/min per 1.73 m(2). The Gensini score values significantly correlated with gender; arterial hypertension; and HDL cholesterol, eGFR, iPTH, FGF 23, and fetuin A levels. After the adjustments for traditional and uremia-related cardiovascular risk factors, the FGF 23 and fetuin A remained significant predictors of the Gensini score. CONCLUSIONS This study suggests that in a relatively young population with mild-to-moderate alteration of kidney function and with less traditional cardiovascular risk factors, anomalies of the serum FGF 23 and fetuin A levels appear early in the course of disease and are independent major predictors for extent of CAD.
Motor Deficits in Children With Autism Spectrum Disorder: A Cross‐Syndrome Study

Recent research suggests that children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) experience some level of motor difficulty, and that this may be associated with social communication skills. However, other studies show that children with language impairments, but without the social communication problems, are at risk of motor difficulties as well. The aim of the present study was to determine if children with ASD have syndrome‐specific motor deficits in comparison to children with specific language impairment (SLI). We used an independent groups design with three groups of children (8–10 years old) matched on age and nonverbal IQ: an ASD group, an SLI group, and a typically developing (TD) group. All of the children completed an individually administered, standardized motor assessment battery. We found that the TD group demonstrated significantly better motor skills than either the ASD or SLI groups. Detailed analyses of the motor subtests revealed that the ASD and SLI groups had very similar motor profiles across a range of fine and gross motor skills, with one exception. We conclude that children with ASD, and SLI, are at risk of clinically significant motor deficits. However, future behavioral and neurological studies of motor skills in children with ASD should include an SLI comparison group in order to identify possible autism‐specific deficits. Autism Res 2014, 7: 664–676. © 2014 International Society for Autism Research, Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Reduplication as a strategy of phonological development

ABSTRACT Five hypotheses are explored about the role of REDUPLICATION in phonological development. Specifically, it was postulated that children who frequently reduplicate would (a) use more multisyllables, (b) be better at maintaining adult syllable structure, and (c) show limited ability at final consonant production. For all children, it was further proposed that reduplication would (d) be used predominantly as a means to maintain a nonreduplicated adult syllable, and (e) characterize the speech of the youngest subjects. Data were analysed for 24 children between 1; 1 and 2; 8, and compared when possible to results reported in Schwartz, Leonard, Wilcox & Folger (1980). The results confirmed the above hypotheses, revealing reduplication to be a general pattern during the earliest stages of phonological development that is used most frequently by children preferring to follow a multisyllabic rather than monosyllabic course of development.
A Survey on Data Fusion and Security Threats in CR Networks

For cognitive radio networks, it has been proven that cooperative spectrum sensing is more reliable and efficient as far as detecting spectrum holes in cognitive radio networks (CRNs) is concerned. It does this by combining sensing information of multiple cognitive radio users. Cooperative spectrum sensing has been known to greatly improve the detection range and capability through exploitation of the inherent spatial diversity in cooperative relaying strategies. In implementing cooperative relay based energy detection, data fusion and decision fusion are the two major approaches have been identified in literature. Although the notion of cooperative relay based data fusion has been well discussed in literature, in this paper, we study different aspects of fusion and the different schemes that can be implemented in fusion center. Also a brief introduction about malicious attacks that a cooperative cognitive radio network can suffer from and methods to combat them are given at the end of the paper.
New Perspectives on Amelotin and Amelogenesis

This issue reports the first enamel malformations in amelotin (Amtn)-ablated mice (Nakayama et al. 2015). Among the proteins necessary for enamel formation, amelotin is one of the more recently discovered. It was discovered independently by 2 different laboratories (Iwasaki et al. 2005; Moffatt et al. 2006). The amelotin protein is enriched in proline, leucine, glutamine, and threonine (52% of total) and contains a perfectly conserved protein kinase CK2 phosphorylation site. Amelotin is a member of the secretory calcium-binding phosphoprotein (SCPP) family of proteins that evolved in vertebrates by gene duplication from a single ancestral gene (Kawasaki and Weiss 2003). Subsequent reiterative tandem gene duplication created 2 classes of genes, acidic SCPPs and proline/glutamine-rich SCPPs (Kawasaki et al. 2009). The SCPP genes encode secreted proteins with an SXE motif for phosphorylation by Golgi Casein Kinase (encoded by FAM20C) (Tagliabracci et al. 2012). In humans, there are 5 acidic and 18 P/Q-rich SCPP genes, which encode many of the secreted proteins that play prominent roles in enamel or dentin formation, such as amelogenin (AMELX), enamelin (ENAM), ameloblastin (AMBN), amelotin, odontogenic ameloblast-associated (ODAM), secretory calcium-binding phosphoprotein-proline-glutamine-rich 1 (SCPPPQ1), dentin matrix protein 1 (DMP1), and dentin sialophosphoprotein (DSPP). AMTN, ODAM, and SCPPPQ1 are expressed during the maturation stage of enamel development, when protein is removed from the fully thick enamel as it becomes the hardest substance in the body. The proteins encoded by these genes localize together within the basement membrane of maturation-stage ameloblasts and mediate the attachment of these epithelial cells to the mineralized tooth surface (Moffatt et al. 2014). Specifically, it was demonstrated that amelotin expression begins at the transition stage of enamel development and continues to be expressed throughout the maturation stage and into the reduced stage prior to when the incisor erupts (Somogyi-Ganss et al. 2012). Interestingly, Northern blots showed that amelotin was also expressed at low levels in the rat lung, and RT-PCR analysis showed it to be expressed at low levels in the mouse thymus, but not the lung (Moffatt et al. 2006). The detected low-level Amtn expression in the rat lung and mouse thymus are not likely biologically significant, since the EST databases show no amelotin transcripts from the lung in mice or humans and just 2 amelotin transcripts out of over 100,000 characterized from the mouse thymus, while human amelotin thymus transcripts are nonexistent.
Context Aware Wireless Sensor Network Suitable for Precision Agriculture

Using the Wireless Sensor Networks WSNs in a wide variety of applications is currently considered one of the most challenging solutions. For instance, this technology has evolved the agriculture field, with the precision agriculture challenge. In fact, the cost of sensors and communication infrastructure continuously trend down as long as the technological advances. So, more growers dare to implement WSN for their crops. This technology has drawn substantial interests by improving agriculture productivity. The idea consists of deploying a number of sensors in a given agricultural parcel in order to monitor the land and crop conditions. These readings help the farmer to make the right inputs at the right moment. In this paper, we propose a complete solution for gathering different type of data from variable fields of a large agricultural parcel. In fact, with the in-field variability, adopting a unique data gathering solution for all kinds of fields reveals an inconvenient approach. Besides, as a fault-tolerant application, precision agriculture does not require a high precision value of sensed data. So, our approach deals with a context aware data gathering strategy. In other words, depending on a defined context for the monitored field, the data collector will decide the data gathering strategy to follow. We prove that this approach improves considerably the lifetime of the application.
Parallel stochastic simulations with rigorous distribution of pseudo‐random numbers with DistMe: Application to life science simulations

This paper presents an open source toolkit allowing a rigorous distribution of stochastic simulations. It is designed according to the state of the art in pseudo‐random numbers partitioning techniques. Based on a generic XML format for saving pseudo‐random number generator states, each state contains adapted metadata. This toolkit named DistMe is usable by modelers who are non‐specialists in parallelizing stochastic simulations, it helps in distributing the replications and in the generation of experimental plans. It automatically writes ready for runtime scripts for various parallel platforms, encapsulating the burden linked to the management of status files for different pseudo‐random generators. The automation of this task avoids many human mistakes. The toolkit has been designed based on a model driven engineering approach: the user builds a model of its simulation and the toolkit helps in distributing independent stochastic experiments. In this paper, the toolkit architecture is exposed, and two examples in life science research domains are detailed. The preliminary design of the DistMe toolkit was achieved when dealing with the distribution of a nuclear medicine application using the largest European computing grid: European Grid Initiative (EGI). Thanks to our alpha version of the software toolbox, the equivalent of 3 years of computing was achieved in a few days. Next, we present the second application in another domain to show the potential and genericity of the DistMe toolkit. A small experimental plan with 1024 distributed stochastic experiments was run on a local computing cluster to explore scenarios of an environmental application. For both applications, the proposed toolkit was able to automatically generate distribution scripts with independent pseudo‐random number streams, and it also automatically parameterized the simulation input files to follow an experimental design. The automatic generation of scripts and input files is achieved, thanks to model transformations using a model driven approach. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.