Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Effects of task-irrelevant emotional information on deception

ABSTRACT Deception has been reported to be influenced by task-relevant emotional information from an external stimulus. However, it remains unclear how task-irrelevant emotional information would influence deception. In the present study, facial expressions of different valence and emotion intensity were presented to participants, where they were asked to make either truthful or deceptive gender judgments according to the preceding cues. We observed the influence of facial expression intensity upon individuals’ cognitive cost of deceiving (mean difference of individuals’ truthful and deceptive response times). Larger cost was observed for high intensity faces compared to low intensity faces. These results provided insights on how automatic attraction of attention evoked by task-irrelevant emotional information in facial expressions influenced individuals’ cognitive cost of deceiving.
Visualizing the Full Spectrum of Document Relationships

Documents embody a rich and potentially very useful set of complex interrelationships, both among the documents themselves and among the terms they contain. However, the very richness of these relationships and the variety of potential applications make it difficult to present them in a usable form. This paper describes an approach that enables the user to visualize a multitude of document or entity relationships. Two visual metaphors are presented that allow the user to gain new insights and understandings by interactively exploring these relationship patterns at multiple levels of detail.
Aflibercept, bevacizumab, or ranibizumab for diabetic macular edema.

BACKGROUND The relative efficacy and safety of intravitreous aflibercept, bevacizumab, and ranibizumab in the treatment of diabetic macular edema are unknown. METHODS At 89 clinical sites, we randomly assigned 660 adults (mean age, 61±10 years) with diabetic macular edema involving the macular center to receive intravitreous aflibercept at a dose of 2.0 mg (224 participants), bevacizumab at a dose of 1.25 mg (218 participants), or ranibizumab at a dose of 0.3 mg (218 participants). The study drugs were administered as often as every 4 weeks, according to a protocol-specified algorithm. The primary outcome was the mean change in visual acuity at 1 year. RESULTS From baseline to 1 year, the mean visual-acuity letter score (range, 0 to 100, with higher scores indicating better visual acuity; a score of 85 is approximately 20/20) improved by 13.3 with aflibercept, by 9.7 with bevacizumab, and by 11.2 with ranibizumab. Although the improvement was greater with aflibercept than with the other two drugs (P<0.001 for aflibercept vs. bevacizumab and P=0.03 for aflibercept vs. ranibizumab), it was not clinically meaningful, because the difference was driven by the eyes with worse visual acuity at baseline (P<0.001 for interaction). When the initial visual-acuity letter score was 78 to 69 (equivalent to approximately 20/32 to 20/40) (51% of participants), the mean improvement was 8.0 with aflibercept, 7.5 with bevacizumab, and 8.3 with ranibizumab (P>0.50 for each pairwise comparison). When the initial letter score was less than 69 (approximately 20/50 or worse), the mean improvement was 18.9 with aflibercept, 11.8 with bevacizumab, and 14.2 with ranibizumab (P<0.001 for aflibercept vs. bevacizumab, P=0.003 for aflibercept vs. ranibizumab, and P=0.21 for ranibizumab vs. bevacizumab). There were no significant differences among the study groups in the rates of serious adverse events (P=0.40), hospitalization (P=0.51), death (P=0.72), or major cardiovascular events (P=0.56). CONCLUSIONS Intravitreous aflibercept, bevacizumab, or ranibizumab improved vision in eyes with center-involved diabetic macular edema, but the relative effect depended on baseline visual acuity. When the initial visual-acuity loss was mild, there were no apparent differences, on average, among study groups. At worse levels of initial visual acuity, aflibercept was more effective at improving vision. (Funded by the National Institutes of Health; ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT01627249.).
Artificial neural network-based distribution substation and feeder load forecast

A methodology for estimating future demand values at both distribution substation and primary feeder levels is described in this paper. The software implementation of the proposed methodology is already running in a 138/11.9-kV, 3/spl times/40-MVA distribution substation. Results obtained with this implementation are very encouraging, even when using as little historical data as 3 months. Forecast error is also very low when a demand curve substantially different from the ones presented to the artificial neural network in its training phase are used in the processing mode. A separate module for dealing with load transfers between primary feeders during contingencies is currently in its final stages of development.
The Platform Owner’s Challenge to Capture Value – Insights from a Business-to-Business IT Platform

IS research has acknowledged the increasing importance of IT platforms. While substantial insights on value co-creation between the platform owner and complementors have been established, the platform owner’s challenge to capture value remains largely unaddressed. We therefore conduct an exploratory field study of an enterprise software vendor who has launched a business-to-business IT platform. Conducting 27 interviews with actors involved in the platform ecosystem, we derive three distinct mechanisms of value capture: absorption, co-selling, and verticalization. We interpret how these mechanisms of value capture in turn affect value co-creation. With our results, we, first, enhance literature on value in IT platforms by adding mechanisms of value capture to the already established mechanisms of value co-creation. Second, we contribute to the discussion on the impact of digital business strategies on firm performance by showing that an organization that implements an IT platform needs to consider value co-creation and value capture jointly.
Application of Markowitz Model for Analyzing the Performance of Cricket Teams in Indian Premier League

This study tries to identify the dominant teams of the first five seasons of IPL using Markowitz model of portfolio management. An average composite performance score (ACPS) is developed based on two prime skills of the game (i.e. batting and bowling) that can be used to quantify the performance of a cricket team. The value of ACPS is considered as the return of a team and the standard deviation of the composite performance score of the team across different matches as the risk associated with team performance. The study also tries to explore if it is the dominating team that tops the list in the tournament. As an outcome of the study, it is found that Chennai Super Kings (CSK) and Delhi Daredevils (DD) had dominated the first three seasons of IPL. The next two seasons were dominated by Deccan Chargers (DC). A dominating team is expected to be the favorite team of the tournament. Such a team is expected to get more support from the audience.
Emission pathways consistent with a 2 ◦ C global temperature limit

In recent years, international climate policy has increasingly focused on limiting temperature rise, as opposed to achieving greenhouse-gas-concentration-related objectives. The agreements reached at the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change conference in Cancun in 2010 recognize that countries should take urgent action to limit the increase in global average temperature to less than 2 C relative to pre-industrial levels1. If this is to be achieved, policymakers need robust information about the amounts of future greenhouse-gas emissions that are consistent with such temperature limits. This, in turn, requires an understanding of both the technical and economic implications of reducing emissions and the processes that link emissions to temperature. Here we consider both of these aspects by reanalysing a large set of published emission scenarios from integrated assessment models in a risk-based climate modelling framework. We find that in the set of scenarios with a ‘likely’ (greater than 66%) chance of staying below 2 C, emissions peak between 2010 and 2020 and fall to a median level of 44 Gt of CO2 equivalent in 2020 (compared with estimated median emissions across the scenario set of 48 Gt of CO2 equivalent in 2010). Our analysis confirms that if the mechanisms needed to enable an early peak in global emissions followed by steep reductions are not put in place, there is a significant risk that the 2 C target will not be achieved. Cumulative emissions of long-lived greenhouse gases (GHGs) approximately define the temperature response of the climate system at timescales of centuries to millennia2–4 because a significant fraction of CO2 emissions, the dominant anthropogenic GHG, is removed very slowly from the atmosphere5,6. The temperature response will therefore continue, even when global emissions return to zero, or when concentrations are stabilized6,7. Cumulative emissions provide very little information on the technical feasibility and cost implications of following a particular ‘emissions pathway’, information that is needed for policymakers who are deciding now on emissions goals for the coming decades. Path-dependent assessments, such as the United Nations Environment Programme’s The Emissions Gap Report 8, are therefore highly policy-relevant. This work extends the pathway analysis of that report (see Supplementary Information).
Replacement of Highly Conserved E222 by the Photostable Non‐photoconvertible Histidine in GFP

The widely used green fluorescent protein (GFP) decarboxylates upon irradiation; this involves removal of the acidic function of the glutamic acid at position 222, thereby resulting in the irreversible photoconversion of GFP. To suppress this phenomenon, the photostable, non‐photoconvertible histidine was introduced at position 222 in GFP. The variant E222H shows negligible photodynamic processes and high expression yield. In addition, the stable and bright fluorescence over a wide pH range makes the E222H protein an alternative for GFP in fluorescence imaging and spectroscopy. Other fluorescent proteins are predicted to benefit from replacement of the catalytic glutamic acid by histidine.
On-board State-of-charge Monitoring of Lithium-ion Battery Packs Considering Alterable Discharge Cut-off Voltage

The using mode of electrical devices is divided into normal mode and emergent mode. Under emergent mode, the discharge cut-off voltage (DCV) of the device battery packs could be altered to a lower level to provide larger energy. This paper develops a model of discharge capacity with different DCV. Present a method to estimate the battery pack SOC when the pack is switched to emergent mode. Then validate the negative impact of lower DCV on cycle life through a cycling test. The process is applied to the Soldier Portable Photovoltaic Power System (SPPPS) at last, proving the practicability of this method.
The role of CSR on employees’ post-merger organizational identification

This conceptual research adopts an interdisciplinary perspective relying on Organizational Justice Theory and Social Identity Theory to investigate employees’ psychological and behavioral responses to CSR initiatives in times of change. The purpose of this communication is to theoretically investigate employees’ reactions to Corporate Social Responsibility in mergers and acquisitions’ context. In this respect, we propose that employees’ CSR perceptions could foster their post-merger organizational identification which should facilitate the socio-cultural integration process and thus the performance of M&As. Doing so, our framework provides a greater understanding of the different psychological processes underlying the development of employees’ post-merger identification. Our framework and propositions highlight that to fully understand CSR impact on employees’ identification one also needs to take the crucial role of organisational justice into consideration, especially in M&As’context. We also emphasize the importance for managers to adopt a CSR strategy from the beginning of M&As’ integration process in order to reassure employees facing uncertainty and to foster their identification to the new merged organization.
Unnatural Selection: Seeing Human Intelligence in Artificial Creations

Abstract As generative AI systems grow in sophistication, so too do our expectations of their outputs. For as automated systems acculturate themselves to ever larger sets of inspiring human examples, the more we expect them to produce human-quality outputs, and the greater our disappointment when they fall short. While our generative systems must embody some sense of what constitutes human creativity if their efforts are to be valued as creative by human judges, computers are not human, and need not go so far as to actively pretend to be human to be seen as creative. As discomfiting objects that reside at the boundary of two seemingly disjoint categories, creative machines arouse our sense of the uncanny, or what Freud memorably called the Unheimlich. Like a ventriloquist’s doll that finds its own voice, computers are free to blend the human and the non-human, to surprise us with their knowledge of our world and to discomfit with their detached, other-worldly perspectives on it. Nowhere is our embrace of the unnatural and the uncanny more evident than in the popularity of Twitterbots, automatic text generators on Twitter that are followed by humans precisely because they are non-human, and because their outputs so often seem meaningful yet unnatural. This paper evaluates a metaphor generator named @MetaphorMagnet, a Twitterbot that tempers the uncanny with aptness to yield results that are provocative but meaningful.
Species-Specific Relationship between Transpiration and Cadmium Translocation in Lettuce, Barley and Radish

Cadmium (Cd) may accumulate in plants to levels that are of concern in human diets. Our ability to predict the accumulation of Cd in plants is restricted by our poor understanding of the physiological processes that control Cd accumulation and translocation. A hydroponic experiment was carried out to test the hypothesis that the amount of Cd taken up and translocated to aboveground tissues is proportional to the volume of water transpired in lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.), barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) and radish (Raphanus sativus L.). Transpiration was measured as mass of water lost. Increased transpiration caused increased accumulation of Cd in plants; however, the proportion of total Cd translocated to the leaves ranged from 85% in lettuce to 66% in radish to only 21% in barley. Thus, factors controlling species-specific internal distribution of Cd are more important than transpiration in translocating Cd to aboveground tissues.
Chemical Synthesis and Biochemical Properties of Oligonucleotides that Contain the (5′S,5S,6S)‐5′,6‐Cyclo‐5‐hydroxy‐5,6‐dihydro‐2′‐deoxyuridine DNA Lesion

The first chemical synthesis of (5′S,5S,6S)‐5′,6‐cyclo‐5‐hydroxy‐5,6‐dihydro‐2′‐deoxyuridine [(5′S,5S,6S)‐cyclo‐5‐OH‐dHdU], a radiation‐induced decomposition product of 2′‐deoxycytidine in aerated solution, is reported. Subsequently, 2′‐deoxycytidine was incorporated into oligodeoxyribonucleotides with defined sequences by using an optimized system of protection that takes into account the reactivity and stability of the modified building blocks. After deprotection and purification, the chemical composition of the modified DNA fragments was assessed by enzymatic digestions and mass spectrometry measurements. The MS analyses confirmed the presence and integrity of the lesion within the synthesized DNA fragments. In vitro replication and repair studies showed that (5′S,5S,6S)‐cyclo‐5‐OH‐dHdU acts as a block for DNA polymerases when inserted into DNA oligomers and is not excised by any of the tested DNA N‐glycosylases. Therefore, (5′S,5S,6S)‐cyclo‐5‐OH‐dHdU may represent a potential lethal lesion within the cell if it is not removed by the nucleotide excision repair machinery.
ATM sequence variants associate with susceptibility to non‐small cell lung cancer

ATM gene mutations have been implicated in many human cancers. However, the role of ATM polymorphisms in lung carcinogenesis is largely unexplored. We conducted a case‐control analysis of 556 Caucasian non‐small‐cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients and 556 controls frequency‐matched on age, gender and smoking status. We genotyped 11 single nucleotide polymorphisms of the ATM gene and found that compared with the wild‐type allele‐containing genotypes, the homozygous variant genotypes of ATM08 (rs227060) and ATM10 (rs170548) were associated with elevated NSCLC risk with ORs of 1.55 (95% CI: 1.02–2.35) and 1.51 (0.99–2.31), respectively. ATM haplotypes and diplotypes were inferred using the Expectation‐Maximization algorithm. Haplotype H5 was significantly associated with reduced NSCLC risk in former smokers with an OR of 0.47 (0.25–0.96) compared with the common H1 haplotype. Compared with the H1–H2 diplotype, H2–H2 and H3–H4 diplotypes were associated with increased NSCLC risk with ORs of 1.58 (0.99–2.54) and 2.29 (1.05–5.00), respectively. We then evaluated genotype–phenotype correlation in the control group using the comet assay to determine DNA damage and DNA repair capacity. Compared with individuals with at least 1 wild‐type allele, the homozygous variant carriers of either ATM08 or ATM10 exhibited significantly increased DNA damage as evidenced by a higher mean value of the radiation‐induced olive tail moment (ATM08: 4.86 ± 2.43 vs. 3.79 ± 1.51, p = 0.04; ATM10: 5.14 ± 2.37 vs. 3.79 ± 1.54, p = 0.01). Our study presents the first epidemiologic evidence that ATM genetic variants may affect NSCLC predisposition, and that the risk‐conferring variants might act through down‐regulating the functions of ATM in DNA repair activity upon genetic insults such as ionizing radiation. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Activity of T-DNA borders in plant cell transformation by mini-T plasmids

By using a binary vector system, we examined the requirements for border sequences in T-DNA transformation of plant genomes. Mini-T plasmids consisting of small replicons with different extents of pTiT37 T-DNA were tested for plant tumor-inducing ability in Agrobacterium tumefaciens strain LBA4404 containing helper plasmid pAL4404 (which encodes virulence genes needed for T-DNA transfer). Assays of these bacteria on carrot disks, Kalanchoë leaves, and SR1 Nicotiana tabacum plantlets showed that mini-T plasmid containing full length T-DNA including left and right borders was highly virulent, as were mini-T plasmids containing all onc (oncogenicity) genes and only the right border. In contrast, mini-T plasmids containing all onc genes and only the left border induced tumors only rarely, and a mini-T plasmid containing all onc genes but no T-DNA borders was completely avirulent. Southern hybridization analyses of tumor DNA showed that T-DNA border sequences delimited the extent of the two-border mini-T plasmid transferred and integrated into the plant genome. When only one T-DNA border was present, it formed one end of the transferred DNA, and the other end mapped in the vector sequences. The implications of these results for the mechanism of T-DNA transfer and integration are discussed.
Evaluation of p-Amidinophenyl Esters as Potential Antithrombotic Agents

Summary Three p-amidinophenyl esters have been synthesized and characterized as irreversible inhibitors of the vitamin-K dependent proteinases; factors IXa, Xa and thrombin (Turner et al. [4])+. In the present report we describe the in vitro and in vivo effects of these agents on standard coagulation tests in vitro and in blood from animals treated with the compounds. At a concentration of 500 μM, the three esters increased the activated partial thromboplastin time (PTT) of pooled human plasma 3 to 5-fold. The prothrombin time increased 1.4 to 3.7-fold under similar conditions. The p-amidinophenyl ester of cinnamic acid (CINN) showed the most pronounced effect on both assays. This ester also is the best inhibitor of human factors IXa and Xa, while the p-amidinophenyl ester of benzoic acid (BENZ) is a slightly better α-thrombin inhibitor (4). The effect of these esters on the thrombin clotting time correlated with in vitro kinetic measurements of α-thrombin inhibition rates. Both BENZ and CINN increased the assay endpoint more than 6-fold. The three esters also were studied using mouse plasma. A comparable effect on the PTT was noted. Intravenous administration of 300 αl of 1 mM CINN as a single bolus in mice caused a 2.3-fold increase in the PTT which remained 1.2-fold normal 2 h later. The BENZ and a-methyl-cinnamic acid (MECINN) esters were somewhat less effective as predicted from their in vitro effect on the PTT. This investigation and previous studies indicate that these compounds demonstrate low toxicity at therapeutic levels. It is concluded that the p-amidinophenyl esters may be useful in antithrombotic therapy.
Inhibition of protein glycation by skins and seeds of the muscadine grape

The formation of advanced glycation end products (AGEs) leading to protein glycation and cross‐linking is associated with the pathogenesis of diabetic complications. The inhibition of protein glycation by phenolic and flavonoid antioxidants demonstrates that the process is mediated, in part, by oxidative processes. In this study, the effects of seed and skin extracts of the muscadine grape on AGEs formation were examined. Seeds and skins were extracted (10% w/v) with 50% ethanol and incubated at 37°C with a solution containing 250 mM fructose and 10 mg/ml albumin. After 72 h, fluorescence was measured at the wavelength pair of 370 and 440 nm as an index of the formation of AGEs. Both seed and skin extracts were found to be efficacious inhibitors of AGE formation. A 1:300 dilution of the seed extract decreased fluorescence by approximately 65%, whereas muscadine grape skin extract produced a 40% lowering. This difference correlates with the greater antioxidant activity found in muscadine seeds in comparison to skins, however, on a mass basis, the inhibitory activities of the seeds and skins were found to be nearly equivalent. Gallic acid, catechin and epicatechin, the three major polyphenols in the seeds, all significantly decreased the AGE product related fluorescence at a concentration of 50 μM. Neither muscadine seed extract nor skin extract inhibited the methylglyoxal‐mediated glycation of albumin. These results suggest that consumption of the muscadine grape may have some benefit in altering the progression of diabetic complications.
Information sharing, creditor rights, and corporate debt maturity

This paper investigates private and public credit registries and legal creditor rights as determinants of corporate debt maturity in 45 countries. We find that information sharing among creditors and legal protection of creditor rights are associated with higher ratios of long-term corporate debt to total corporate debt. Ex-ante better credit information acts as a substitute for ex-post stronger creditor protection in lengthening the maturity of corporate debt in less developed countries. Regulations requiring that both positive and negative credit information are distributed and that secured creditors are paid first in bankruptcy influence corporate debt maturity across countries.
Mobile payments in Asia

This Asia Focus report explores the use of m-payments in Asia and evaluates the challenges it faces regarding wider adoption. Specifically, this report clarifies what an m-payment is, identifies which factors are facilitating and hindering the use of m-payments by consumers in certain economies of Asia, and summarizes key issues this new payment technology presents to government regulators.