Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Promoting vegetable consumption among 4- and 5-year-old students:: evaluation of a multi-component nutrition education program.

Rates of childhood obesity among children ages 2-5 years have tripled during the past thirty years. Despite these high rates, few nutrition education and obesity prevention programs have been developed to assist children in this age group to make healthy food choices. Because vegetable intake is beneficial for maintaining a healthy weight, it is important to develop and evaluate programs that promote vegetable consumption within the preschool-aged population. Schools have been identified as an important arena for implementing these programs as fruit and vegetables are served daily and children have many opportunities to learn and practice healthy eating behaviors. The purpose of this study was to conduct an outcome evaluation of a multi-component school-based vegetable promotion program with preschool students living in an urban environment. The program included classroom, lunchroom, and family components. Behavior change strategies rooted in social learning theory and behavioral psychology were integrated into the program. This preliminary investigation found that the multi-component intervention was effective in helping young children to consume more vegetables during school lunch. Surprisingly, however, students’ knowledge about fruit and vegetables did not change. The program was acceptable to teachers, lunch monitors, and students. Treatment integrity was variable and methods for increasing treatment integrity are discussed. This study represents a low-cost, easy to implement, school-based intervention that resulted in small changes in young children’s vegetable consumption. It is among a handful of studies to intervene with this age group to promote healthier eating.
Farmakologiske effekter av koffein

• Koffein har positive effekter i form av en mild sentralstimulerende og en mulig svak analgetisk effekt ved visse smertetyper. Stoffet har imidlertid også en rekke negative effekter, noe som av og til kan by på differensialdiagnostiske utfordringer • Hos pasienter med generalisert angst, panikkangst, hjertearytmier og dyspepsi kan en reduksjon av koffeininntaket eller avholdenhet fra koffein være nyttig • Visse legemidler øker koffeinnivåene i kroppen til det mangedobbelte. Koffein hemmer også metabolismen til flere legemidler. Disse interaksjonene øker risikoen for bivirkninger og toksiske effekter både av koffein og av andre legemidler
The Oral Microbiota: A Literature Review for Updating Professionals in Dentistry. Part I

In recent decades, a body of literature examining the relationships between oral health and general health has rapidly developed. However, the biological mechanisms involved in explaining such relationships have not been fully described. Recent evidence has suggested that these relationships could be partially explained by the composition and interaction of the microbiome/microbiota between local and systemic body sites. For instance, it has been suggested that intestinal microbiota could have effects on non-communicable diseases, such as diabetes or cardiovascular diseases. The objective of this study is to explore current evidence of the link between oral and systemic diseases, to discuss whether oral microbiome/microbiota could represent an unexplored biological pathway partially explaining those relationships. A non-systematic review of the literature was carried out using keyword searches in Pubmed from February to May 2019. The ultimate goal was to present recent scientific evidence to update the general knowledge on this topic to professionals in dentistry. This review is divided in two parts for journal publication; however, it is intended to be used as one piece. In this first part, we will summarize the conceptual background of oral microbiome/microbiota, we will describe the main methods used in microbiology to characterize oral organisms, and will present the main composition of bacteria in oral microbiome/microbiota. The second part highlights the main evidence regarding the biological plausibility that links oral microbiome and systemic diseases and we will conclude with some future research recommendations. Taking into account the role of oral microbiota in the development of systemic diseases could change the main paradigm of how oral health is currently conceptualized by dental professionals.
Faut-il dépister le cancer de prostate ?

La controverse sur le bien-fonde du depistage du cancer de la prostate date d'une dizaine d'annees. Elle est la consequence de phenomenes convergents: l'utilisation courante de nouveaux outils diagnostiques comme l'antigene prostatique specifique, le vieillissement de la population occidentale, l'augmentation de l'esperance de vie et enfin les preoccupations economiques de sante publique. Le depistage est-il justifie avant 50 ans? La reponse est non, sauf dans les familles a risques ou il existe plusieurs cancers de prostate et ou le depistage doit commencer des l'âge de 40 ans. Le depistage est-il justifie apres 70 ans? La reponse est non, sauf chez les hommes entre 70 et 75 ans dont l'etat general et l'âge physiologique laissent penser qu'ils ont une esperance de vie superieure a dix ans. Le depistage est-il justifie entre 50 et 70 ans? Il n'y a pas de reponse globale «medico-economique» a cette question car la verite medicale, c'est-a-dire l'interet d'un individu, semble diametralement opposee a la verite economique, c'est-a-dire l'interet de la communaute, compte-rendu du cout important du depistage. Comment peut-on envisager le depistage dans l'avenir? Dans les familles sans risque particulier, ce depistage sera clinique mais commencera sans doute plus tot et se poursuivra plus tard, en raison du perfectionnement des outils diagnostiques et de l'allongement de l'esperance de vie. Dans les familles a risque, la mise au point de tests genetiques permettra de savoir si un homme a ou non herite des genes de predisposition. S'il en a herite, il sera alors soumis a un depistage particulierement precoce, minutieux et repete.
Imaging markers associated with the development of post-stroke depression and apathy: Results of the Cognition and Affect after Stroke – a Prospective Evaluation of Risks study

Introduction It has been suggested that the development of post-stroke apathy (PSA) and depression (PSD) may be more strongly associated with generalised brain pathology, rather than the stroke lesion itself. The present study aimed to investigate associations between imaging markers of lesion-related and generalised brain pathology and the development of PSA and PSD during a one-year follow-up. Patients and methods In a prospective cohort study, 188 stroke patients received 3-Tesla MRI at baseline (three months post-stroke) for evaluation of lesion-related, vascular, and degenerative brain pathology. Presence of lacunes, microbleeds, white matter hyperintensities, and enlarged perivascular spaces was summed to provide a measure of total cerebral small vessel disease (cSVD) burden (range 0–4). The Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview and Apathy Evaluation Scale were administered at baseline and repeated at 6- and 12-month follow-up to define presence of PSD and PSA, respectively. Results Population-averaged logistic regression models showed that global brain atrophy and severe cSVD burden (score 3–4) were significantly associated with the odds of having PSA (ORGEE 5.33, 95% CI 1.99–14.25 and 3.04, 95% CI 1.20–7.69, respectively), independent of stroke lesion volume and co-morbid PSD. Medium cSVD burden (score 2) was significantly associated with the odds of having PSD (ORGEE 2.92, 95% CI 1.09–7.78), independent of stroke lesion volume, co-morbid PSA, and pre-stroke depression. No associations were found with lesion-related markers. Conclusions The results suggest that generalised degenerative and vascular brain pathology, rather than lesion-related pathology, is an important predictor for the development of PSA, and less strongly for PSD.
Routine vitamin supplementation to prevent cancer: a summary of the evidence from randomized controlled trials for the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force

the United States, accounting for 1 of every 4 deaths.1 Nutritional status has long been speculated to play a significant role in certain cancers. One theory holds that oxidative damage to cells contributes to carcinogenesis. In laboratory experiments, the antioxidant vitamins, vitamin C, vitamin E (alpha-tocopherol), and beta-carotene, counteract damage to biomolecules due to oxidants,2 raising the possibility that increased intake of these vitamins might prevent cancer. Vitamin A (retinol), which acts within the cell to control gene expression, and folic acid,3 which is involved in DNA methylation and purine and pyrimidine synthesis, may also have a role in preventing cancer.4
Study of probiotic and simvastatin additive effect on Helicobacter pylori eradication rate

Background: Helicobacter pylori infection is a major cause of chronic gastritis, peptic, mucosa associated lymphoid tissueMisdiagnosed as lymphoma and gastric cancer. The eradication rate of H. pylori with standard treatments are decreasing worldwide. The aim of this study was to determine the efficacy of adding simvastatin or probiotic as adjuvant to quadruple therapy on the eradication of H. pylori. Methods: This randomized clinical trial study was conducted on 160 patients with H. pylori. The patients were randomly divided in to 4 groups. The group 1: standard quadruple eradication regimen consisting of two antibiotics (clarithromycin 500 mg and amoxicillin 1 g, all twice per day), a proton pump inhibitor (pantoprazole 40 mg twice daily), Bismuth (120 mg twice daily) with placebo (daily), group 2: standard regimen plus probiotic (daily east 250 mg), group 3: standard regimen supplemented with simvastatin (10 mg daily) and group 4: standard regimen plus simvastatin (20 mg daily) for 14 days was given. The Eradication was determined by stool antigen test at least 1 month after treatment. Results: The risk ratio of eradication of the infection in the simvastatin group 10 mg and simvastatin 20 mg was 0.375 and 0.625 times in compare with the placebo group, indicating a negative effect of simvastatin 10 and 20 mg on the treatment of H. pylori infection, this relationship is not statistically significant (P > 0.05). Conclusion: Due to the high efficacy of simvastatin in H. pylori eradication, further studies are needed to evaluate the use of statins as adjunctive to improve the eradication rate. Copyright © 2019, Society of Gastrointestinal Intervention.
Id-1 Promotes Reendothelialization In The Early Phase After Vascular Injury Through Activation Of NFkB/survivin Signaling Pathway

Background: Percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) treatment can bene ﬁ t patients, but also cause irreversible mechanical damage to the vascular endothelium, ultimately leading to restenosis of the target vessel. Thus, achieving rapid re-endothelialization and restoring the integrity of the vascular endothelium and function plays an important role in inhibiting neointimal hyperplasia and preventing restenosis. Id1 (inhibitor of DNA binding/differentia-tion factor 1) plays an important role in promoting cell proliferation and angiogenesis. Study objective: This study aims to investigate the relationship between Id1 and NF κ B/ survivin signaling pathways and their role in injured vascular repair by establishing a rat carotid balloon injury model. Methods: The carotid artery model of rat balloon injury was established. The injured common carotid artery was obtained at different time points after vascular injury. RNA and protein were extracted and the mRNA and protein expression levels of Id1, NF κ B and survivin were detected in vascular injury. The NF κ B blocker BAY 11 – 7082 and survivin blocker YM155 were used and the effects of Id1, NF κ B, survivin mRNA and protein expression, revascularization of blood vessels and neointimal responsiveness after vascular injury were observed in the vascular tissues of Ad-Id1 transfected balloon injury. Results: Id1, NF κ B and survivin were expressed in injured rat carotid arteries. Overexpression of Id1 promoted re-endothelialization of injured vessels through NF κ B/survivin signaling pathway, inhibited early vascular endometrial reactive hyperplasia; blocked NF κ B the/survivin signaling pathway attenuates the re-endothelialization of Ad-Id1 and the early endothelium of Ad-Id1. Blocking the NF κ B/survivin signaling pathway attenuates the re-endothelialization and early reactive hyperplasia of vascular intima of Ad-Id1. Conclusion: NF-kappa B/survivin signaling pathway may play an important role in Id1 promoting vascular re-endothelialization, inhibiting neointimal hyperplasia and preventing vascular restenosis.
Effects of Immigration and Age on Health of Older People in the United States

Following cumulative advantage/disadvantage theory and drawing longitudinal data from the 1996, 1998, 2000, 2002, 2004, and 2006 Health and Retirement Studies, this article examined the relationship between immigration experience and health transitions in late life among non-Hispanic White, non-Hispanic Black, and Mexicans in the United States. The results revealed that the timing of migration in the life course helped determine the ways in which individual health transitions would be associated with their aging process, and the pathways would be complex and vary based on the health outcomes and gender of the immigrants. For example, among women, the later-life immigrants would face most disadvantageous health trajectories as they aged with respect to activities of daily living limitations. The results suggested that the timing of U.S. immigration would affect the degree to which immigrants could take advantage of economic opportunities to accumulate financial resources that would benefit health later in life.
Early prosthetic joint infection after primary total joint arthroplasty : risk factors and treatment strategies

Total knee and hip arthroplasty are highly successful surgical treatments for advanced osteoarthritis, although approximately 1-2% of these patients develops a prosthetic joint infection (PJI). To prevent the devastating effects of PJI, the studies in this thesis focused on patients at risk for PJI and factors that influence the outcome of PJI treatment. Although prolonged wound leakage is an important risk factor for PJI, there are no evidence-based guidelines on this topic. Our literature review showed that only few papers are available on prolonged wound leakage, which causes a wide variation in the diagnosis and treatment of prolonged leakage, as confirmed by our survey. Currently we are conducting a nationwide study to compare the efficacy of surgical and non-surgical treatment for prolonged wound leakage. Obese patients and oncology patients are also at increased risk for PJI. A literature review showed that there is a lack of evidence on oncologic PJI. Furthermore, we showed that PJIs in obese patients are caused by bacteria that are not covered by prophylactic antibiotics. Therefore, preventive strategies should be improved for obese patients. Regarding PJI treatment we showed that the outcome can be predicted by using the KLIC score. Furthermore, we found that applying local antibiotics in the joint cavity is associated with worse outcome and its use should therefore be discouraged. Finally, we found that the time from total joint arthroplasty to surgical debridement does not predict outcome, by which surgical debridement can be performed up to three months after joint arthroplasty.
The Full Outline of UnResponsiveness score is more efficient than the Glasgow Coma Scale in the prognosis of stroke

Objectives: After being a solid method of measuring consciousness for decades,the Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) was offered to be replaced with a better option: The Full Outline of Unresponsiveness (FOUR) score, which several studies later confirmed to be superior due to its independence from verbal response and ability to consider brain stem reflexes. In this study, we decided to compare the two scales in the prognosis of stroke, which has never been conducted before. Patients and Methods: We conducted both methods on 150 stroke patients during admission to the emergency service and assessed them during a 3-month follow-up after discharge. Results: The type of stroke was 80% ischemic and 20% hemorrhagic. 55.3% survived after a 3-month follow-up. The FOUR score had a significant converse relation with hospitalization, a relation with the GCS lacked. The FOUR score also had a stronger correlation with the outcome of stroke than the GCS. Additionally, the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve showed greater sensitivity and specificity in the FOUR score in the prognoses of stroke patients. Conclusion: We recommend using the FOUR score as the first priority.
Chronic Kidney Disease – Mineral Bone Disorder

The definition, evaluation, and classification of the mineral abnormalities and bone disease in chronic kidney disease (CKD) should encompass all three clinical components: • Abnormalities in serum biochemistries • Vascular calcification • Bone abnormalities This principle was discussed at a Kidney Disease: Improving Global Outcomes consensus conference, resulting in a recognition of the shortcomings of the current classification and a recommendation for the development of new terminology. The recommendation was that the term “renal osteodystrophy” be used exclusively to define the bone pathology associated with CKD. The many clinical, biochemical, and imaging abnormalities that have heretofore been identified as correlates of renal osteodystrophy should be defined more broadly as a clinical entity or syndrome called “chronic kidney disease – mineral and bone disorder. ” The hope is that this new terminology will enhance communication and facilitate research worldwide.
Assessment of Clinical Competence: Designing a Competence Grid for Junior Pharmacists

Aim. This paper describes the development of a competency framework for clinical practice undertaken by junior pharmacists. Method. A peer group consisting of clinical practitioners and academics developed competency clusters. Competencies were assigned to each cluster and the associated behaviours described. The resulting “grids” were circulated to clinical practitioners, senior pharmacy managers and junior pharmacists for comment. A four point scale was developed to evaluate performance of the junior pharmacist for each behaviour. Outputs. The competency grids comprise three clusters: personal, problem solving and clinical. These are currently under investigation to determine their measurement properties.
Prevalence of Antibiotic Resistance in Escherichia coli from the Fecal Flora of Humans in a Rural Area of Songkhla Province

Objective: To determine the prevalence of antibiotic resistance in fecal Escherichia coli (E. coli ) isolated from humans in a rural area of Songkhla province.Meterial and Methods: E. coli strains were isolated from the stool cultures of 75 healthy volunteers in a rural area. Resistance rates for 8 antibiotics were determined.Results: The resistance rates for amoxicillin, doxycyclin, cotrimoxazole, gentamicin and cefazolin were 53.3, 51.3, 24.0, 5.3 and 3.3%, respectively. No resistance to norfloxacin, ceftriaxone, and imipenem were detected.Conclusion: The most prevalent resistant strains were found against amoxicillin. The prevalence of drug resistance in all multidrug resistant isolates were resistant to amoxicillin and doxycycline. No strains were resistant to all antibiotics in all antimicrobial categories as all the strains were found to be sensitive to ceftriazone, norfloxacin and imipenem.
Effective Mood Stabilization with Olanzapine Monotherapy in an Adolescent with Treatment Resistant Rapid Cycling Bipolar Disorder

Most of mood stabilizers and antipsychotic agents are commonly used for early-onset bipolar disorder in clinical settings although there is limited number of randomized controlled trials with youths. Also, there are few prospective studies for the treatment of depressive episodes in bipolar disorder and maintenance therapy in children and adolescents. Here we report a 16 years-old adolescent with rapid cycling bipolar disorder who responded well to olanzapine monotherapy both at the acute manic phase and during the maintenance treatment. Olanzapine seems to be an effective choice during both acute phase and maintenance treatment of bipolar disorder in adolescents. Also, improvement in manic symptoms appears in the early days of treatment.
Patronažna zdravstvena zaštita osoba oboljelih od šećerne bolesti - Dom zdravlja Duga Resa, Hrvatska Patronage medical care of patients with diabetes - Health Centre Duga Resa, Croatia

The aim of this study was to determine how is diabetes included in the system of community health services in Health Centre Duga Resa, Croatia. It is estimated that diabetes affects 4-5% of the population in Croatia. However, the exact number of cases is still unknown, although the register of people with diabetes service exists since 1970. Because of Uncompleted registry by primary, secondary and tertiary health care today is not possible to determine the exact number of people affected by diabetes. In order to prevent diseases and com plications it is essential to provide good education for medical professionals. In education of patients at all levels of health care the most important role has a nurse.
Immunological impact of surgery in NSCLC patients

Abstract Background Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) improve survival in patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and have become one of standard therapy. It was demonstrated that nivolumab therapy for resectable NSCLC patients prior to surgery resulted in major pathological responses in 40% of the patients. On the other hand, adjuvant nivolumab therapy for melanoma resulted in longer recurrence-free survivals. Thus, it is still uncertain which host immunological status is appropriate for ICI therapy, before or after surgery. In this study, we examined the peripheral blood, and tumor tissues to elucidate immunological impact of surgery in NSCLC patients. Methods The present study comprised of 20 surgically resectable early (stage I, II, or IIIA) NSCLC patients in Saitama Medical University International Medical Center. Peripheral blood samples were collected before and after surgical resection of NSCLC. PBMCs were analyzed with LSR FortessaTM. Results Interestingly, more effector memory (EM) CCR7-CD45RA- CD8+ T cells and CD62Llow CD4+ T cells were observed in early stage NSCLC patients, compared with stage IV NSCLC patients. Significant decrease of the percentages of EM CD8+ T cells (P = 0.0045) and CD62Llow CD4+ T cells (P Conclusions After surgical removal of lung cancer, EM type T cells were converted to CM type T cells. It seems that surgery may have negative influence for innate immunity. Because PD-1 blockade therapy only activates primed effector T cells, the immunological status before surgery seems more appropriate for ICI therapy. Legal entity responsible for the study Saitama Medical University International Medical Center. Funding Has not received any funding. Disclosure All authors have declared no conflicts of interest.