Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Design and Performance Evaluation of an AI-Based W-Band Suspicious Object Detection System for Moving Persons in the IoT Paradigm

The threat of terrorism has spread all over the world, and the situation has become grave. Suspicious object detection in the Internet of Things (IoT) is an effective way to respond to global terrorist attacks. The traditional solution requires performing security checks one by one at the entrance of each gate, resulting in bottlenecks and crowding. In the IoT paradigm, it is necessary to be able to perform suspicious object detection on moving people. Artificial intelligence (AI) and millimeter-wave imaging are advanced technologies in the global security field. However, suspicious object detection for moving persons in the IoT, which requires the integration of many different imaging technologies, is still a challenge in both academia and industry. Furthermore, increasing the recognition rate of suspicious objects and controlling network congestion are two main issues for such a suspicious object detection system. In this paper, an AI-based W-band suspicious object detection system for moving persons in the IoT paradigm is designed and implemented. In this system, we establish a suspicious object database to support AI technology for improving the probability of identifying suspicious objects. Moreover, we propose an efficient transmission mechanism to reduce system network congestion since a massive amount of data will be generated by 4K cameras during real-time monitoring. The evaluation results indicate that the advantages and efficiency of the proposed scheme are significant.
The Optimal Direct Torque Control Strategy for Open-Winding Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor in Variable DC Voltage Conditions

This paper proposes a novel optimal direct torque control (DTC) strategy for open-winding permanent magnet synchronous machine(OW-PMSM) in variable DC bus voltage conditions due to the voltage characteristics of the battery in electric vehicle. On basis of the different voltage vectors selection, the asymmetric property of output torque is analyzed, then the optimized method of switching table with respect to the voltage ratio is given for the higher output torque performance of OW-PMSM with variable DC bus voltages. Simulations and experiments are implemented to verify the effectiveness and reliability of the proposed control strategy for OW-PMSM.
Random Walks with GMM Statistical Inference Algorithm for Segmentation of Ground Glass Opacity Pulmonary Nodules

Segmentation of Ground Glass Opacity (GGO) nodules is still an emerging and challenging research problem due to inhomogeneous interiors, blurred boundaries, and irregular shapes across different patients. In order to segment GGO pulmonary nodules, a novel random walk with Gaussian Mixture Model statistical inference (known as RW_GMM) algorithm is proposed in this paper. During the graph construction step, intensity, texture and spatial distance features are incorporated to calculate a new affinity matrix. The spatial distance between neighboring nodes as a weight is introduced to penalty the inconsistency of features. Spatial statistical information is encoded by building GMM models of foreground and background and the fuzzy membership value is calculated as a weight to penalize the inconsistence between the predefined probabilities and the calculated probabilities. The experimental results on the LIDC dataset show the superior performance of the proposed algorithm.
A Hybrid Method for Mathematical Expression Detection in Scientific Document Images

Mathematical expressions have been widely used in scientific documents. In order to analyze the documents, automatic detection of mathematical expressions is a crucial step. The paper presents a unified system for the detection of mathematical expressions including both inline and isolated expressions in scientific document images that usually consist of heterogeneous components (e.g., figures, tables, text and expressions). In the system, a hybrid method of two stages is proposed for the effective detection of mathematical expressions. First, the layout analysis of entire document images is introduced to improve the accuracy of text line and word segmentation. Then, both isolated and inline expressions in document images are detected. Both hand-crafted and deep learning features are extensively investigated and combined to improve the detection accuracy. Furthermore, a generic performance metric is applied to evaluate the system comprehensively. The proposed method has been evaluated on two public benchmark datasets (Marmot and GTDB). The obtained accuracies of isolated and inline expressions in the Marmot dataset are 91.18% and 81.35% while those in the GTDB dataset are 89.51% and 80.20%, respectively. The performance comparison is carried out with the conventional methods to show the outstanding effectiveness of the proposed system. Moreover, extensive experiments have been performed in order to point out the effect of document image resolution and post processing techniques on mathematical expression detection.
Detecting Cryptography through IR Visualization

The detection of important functionality in binaries is a complex and time consuming task in reverse engineering and malware analysis. Especially cryptographic routines as part of an executable are of interest to an analyst. There are already several automated techniques for finding cryptography within a binary available, ranging from static signatures detection to dynamic behavioural observation. This paper presents a novel approach for functionality detection through the disassembly of binaries, lifted into an intermediate representation (IR). A visualization of the IR then aids an human analyst to find functionality. We evaluate the approach with a binary containing the libgcrypt cryptographic library. The results suggest this to be another useful method for visual binary analysis.
AC Impedance Modeling of Modular Multilevel Converters Considering Different Control Modes: Similarities and Differences

This paper presents an AC impedance modeling method of modular multilevel converter (MMC) considering different control modes, and its accuracy is verified by simulation. Then the similarities and differences of the MMC impedance model under different control modes are compared. It indicates that low frequency characteristics of MMC impedance are significantly different and the high frequency characteristics are basically the same under different control modes. When studying the low frequency oscillation (or stability) of the MMC-HVDC, outer control loop cannot be ignored; and the impedance model can be simplified to current inner-loop control impedance model when studying the high frequency stability, which is much simpler but still accurate enough.
Population dynamics and production of crustacean zooplankton in two mountain lakes in the Italian Alps (Lake Paione Superiore and Lake Malghette).

We estimated production of three populations of zooplanktonic crustacea from two lakes in the Italian Alps sampled within the EC-Project MOLAR (ENV-CT95-0007) "Measuring and modelling the dynamic response of remote mountain lake ecosystems to environmental change" (Lake Paione Superiore) and the EC- Guideline 78/659 "On the amelioration and the protection of freshwaters suitable for fish life" (Lake Malghette). The former is a fishless lake, while the latter, in addition to the native Phoxynus phoxynus, hosts populations of Salmo trutta fario and Oncorhynchus mykiss. The Allen curve method was used to estimate production of Acanthodiaptomus denticornis and Daphnia longispina in Lake Malghette and of Cyclops abyssorum tatricus in Lake Paione Superiore. Values of daily production of the three populations are similar to those found by other Authors in oligotrophic and high mountain environments.
A synopsis of the genera of the Diphucephalini (Coleoptera : Scarabaeidae : Melolonthinae) including Watkinsia, gen. nov. et. spp. nov.

Watkinsia, gen. nov. (Tribe Diphucephalini), is erected, with W. bella, sp. nov., as type species. W. bella, sp. nov., W. megalops, sp. nov., W. monteithi, sp. nov., W. sedlaceki, sp. nov., W. tenebrosa, sp. nov., W. vicina, sp. nov., and W. williamsi, sp. nov., are described. Diphucephala macrops Lea is transferred to Watkinsia. Cunderdinia orientalis, sp. nov., is described. Keys to the genera of Diphucephalini and to the species of Watkinsia and Cunderdinia are provided. Adults of Watkinsia fly in daylight in high-altitude rainforest in northern New South Wales and Queensland.
Drought-induced oxidative conditions in rice anthers leading to a programmed cell death and pollen abortion.

Male gametophyte development of eukaryotic plants in general and rice in particular is especially sensitive to drought. Water deficit during this stage inhibits microspore development resulting in male sterility. To elucidate the molecular mechanism of the phenomenon, a water deficit-induced experiment was conducted during anther development. Microscopic observations of anther cross-sections labelled with TdT-mediated dUTP nick-end labelling (TUNEL) indicated programmed cell death (PCD) signals after three consecutive days of water deficit. PCD is a biological process featured by the fragmentation of genomic DNA and plays an important role in plant reproduction. PCD is often concurrent with biochemical and physical changes in the cytoplasm, nucleus and plasma membrane of the cells. In this study, biochemical assays showed depletion of the adenosine triphosphate pool, increased concentration of hydrogen peroxide (ROS) and down-regulation of antioxidant transcripts in anthers. We argue that the interplay between PCD and oxidative stress in anthers might be a cause of pollen sterility in drought-stressed rice.
FEMALE PREFERENCES FOR NATURALLY-OCCURRING NOVEL MALE TRAITS

We report two independent cases of female preferences for novel male traits in two species of poeciliid fish, Poecilia latipinna and Poecilia mexicana. In both cases the preference predates the occurrence of the trait, lending strong support to the pre-existing bias hypotheses. This support is independent of the assumptions associated with phylogenetic inference. Unlike the two sexual species, the unisexual hybrid P. formosa had no detectable preference for the novel male traits.
Resilient recreational fisheries or prone to collapse? A decade of research on the science and management of recreational fisheries

Are recreational fisheries resilient to harvest or prone to collapse? This paper reviews research published since that question was posed by Post et al. (2002, Fisheries 27, 6–17). A number of patterns and processes have been identified that suggest understanding the risk of collapse requires knowledge of the fishing effort response, degree of depensation in the fishery and the life history of the harvested species. Processes involving the behaviour of fish, behaviour of anglers and management responses to declining quality can all impact the degree of resilience of recreational fisheries and their risk of collapse. The spatial context of an individual fishery can be important as they are often embedded in lake districts and joined by mobile anglers so their local dynamics are not independent from other fisheries. Typical regulations that restrict the behaviour of individual anglers in open-access fisheries can provide some resilience but cannot prevent collapse if the fishing effort is too high. Many uncertainties remain related to the occurrence and intensity of the key processes and therefore adopting an adaptive experimental management approach might be the most useful approach to minimise the risk of collapse in recreational fisheries.
Oncolytic viruses for the treatment of malignant glioma

Malignant glioma is the most common primary malignancy of the human CNS. Despite decades of research, the current therapeutic strategy consists of a multimodal regimen of surgery, chemotherapy and radiation. This course of therapy yields a median survival after diagnosis of ∼ 1 year. This dismal prognosis inspires the ongoing development of novel oncolytic agents targeting glioma, which include gene therapy, immunomodulatory therapy and oncolytic viruses. Oncolytic viruses are defined by their ability to target, replicate in and lyse tumour cells without critically damaging surrounding non-cancerous tissue. Although some viruses are naturally oncolytic and tumour-selective, the advent of modern recombinant DNA technology has allowed the engineering of additional viruses with improved therapeutic indices. This technological advance has enabled rapid growth in the field of viral therapy. Reovirus, Newcastle disease virus (NDV), measles virus, adenovirus, poliovirus and herpes simplex virus-1 are in preclinical and clinical development for use as oncolytic agents against malignant glioma. This report will focus on the recent patent literature in the field of oncolytic viruses for the treatment of malignant glioma.
The subnivium: a deteriorating seasonal refugium

For many terrestrial organisms in the Northern Hemisphere, winter is a period of resource scarcity and energy deficits, survivable only because a seasonal refugium – the “subnivium” – exists beneath the snow. The warmer and more stable conditions within the subnivium are principally driven by snow duration, density, and depth. In temperate regions, the subnivium is important for the overwintering success of plants and animals, yet winter conditions are changing rapidly worldwide. Throughout the Northern Hemisphere, the impacts of climate change are predicted to be most prominent during the winter months, resulting in a shorter snow season and decreased snow depth. These climatic changes will likely modify the defining qualities of the subnivium, resulting in broad-scale shifts in distributions of species that are dependent on these refugia. Resultant changes to the subnivium, however, will be spatially and temporally variable. We believe that ecologists and managers are overlooking this widespread, crucia.
Neurofibeillar development in the central nervous system of chick embryos up to 5 days' incubation

The gross morphological development of the central nervous system of vertebrates has engaged the attention of investigators for many years with the result that our knowledge of the subject is now relatively complete. In contradistinction to this, the study of development of intrinsic structures in the nervous system has lagged behind. It is true that many isolated facts of intrinsic growth have appeared from time to time, especially in regard to late fetuses in which the organization of principal centers of activity had begun earlier. Much attention has been given to the myelinization of fiber tracts although their early fibrillization is quite obscure. Knowledge of phylogenetic development of the nervous system has advanced beyond that of ontogenetic. Our incomplete knowledge of intrinsic neuron formation can be attributed to failure to use suitable technical methods. Few attempts have been made to study early fiber-tract
Establishment of a Monoclonal Antibody against CD81 that Decreases the Proliferation of Rat Glioma Cells

CD81 belongs to a family of cell-surface proteins (tetraspanins) known to be up-regulated in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) synoviocytes. Recently, we showed that small interfering RNA targeting CD81 (CD81 siRNA) has a therapeutic effect on RA. We also showed that CD81 siRNA decreased the expression of TNFin SW982 cells, suggesting that TNFstimulates the expression of synoviolin via CD81. Here, we show that a monoclonal antibody (MAb) against CD81, which was raised by immunization with recombinant CD81, decreased the proliferation of rat C6 glioma cells, showing that this antibody is functionally active and probably inhibits cell proliferation through the inhibition of CD81 function on the cell surface.
The lysine requirement of broilers during their finishing period 1

Synopsis Three trials, involving 1812 five‐week‐old broilers fed four different practical‐type experimental diets, were conducted in order to determine the lysine requirement of broilers during their finishing period (5 to 10–11 weeks of age). The lysine requirement for the 5–8 week period can be summarised as 0.92 per cent of the diet, or about 3.0 g/Mcal ME when expressed as a function of energy. The corresponding values for the 8–10 week period are 0.76 per cent and 2.5 g respectively. On the basis of dietary protein, the requirements are 4.9 per cent up to 5 weeks of age (one trial only), 5.0 per cent during the 5 to 8 week period and 4.8 per cent after 8 weeks of age, as long as the kcal (ME) per kg/per cent protein ratios during these periods approximate 146, 167 and 190 respectively. It seems, therefore, that the lysine requirement does not change appreciably with age when it is expressed in terms of dietary protein, although the level of the latter is reduced with subsequent stages of growth, prov.
EFFECTS OF FEED LEVEL AND YEAR-ROUND ENCLOSED, SEMI-ENCLOSED, OR OUTSIDE CONFINEMENT ON BEEF COW–CALF PERFORMANCE IN NORTHERN ONTARIO

Shorthorn cows were confined year-round using three types of shelter (an enclosed barn, IN; a barn with free access to an outside yard, IN-OUT; and outside pens with only windbreak fences for shelter, OUT) and two types of feed (hay and grass silage) provided at three levels (ad libitum, L1 or 75%, L2 or 50%, L3, of ad libitum) until late pregnancy, after which all were fed their respective roughage ad libitum until late August weaning. No interactions were found among years, degree of shelter and feed levels. The average daily intake for hay and the corresponding average daily gain were greater (all differences cited were significant, P < 0.05) than those for silage. The daily intake and weight loss of the OUT cows were greater than those of the IN and IN-OUT cows. All differences among feed levels for daily intake and weight change were significant. Calves of dams fed hay were heavier at birth and grew more quickly. OUT calves were heavier than IN calves at birth, but their daily gain to weaning was con.
Statistical analysis of effects of industrial processing steps on functional properties of pasteurised liquid egg white

Egg white is widely used as an ingredient in the food industry owing to its excellent functional properties. The transformation of shell eggs into safe liquid, frozen, or spray-dried egg white with extended shelf life requires many technological operations that result in modifications to the egg white's functional properties. The present study highlights the critical steps affecting foaming and gelling properties during a classical pasteurised liquid egg white process. The main source of variation in functional properties was raw material quality, accounting for 70% of the variability. Part of the remaining 30% was explained by mechanical egg white-yolk separation, tank storage, pasteurisation and homogenisation that resulted in damage to the functional properties, whereas initial flow through pipes and pumping resulted in their improvement. The effects of these steps could be grouped according to the type of treatment undertaken. Dry matter content, pH and treatment intensity at each step contributed about 30% of the variability in functional properties due to processing steps. Relationships between the modifications of egg white functional properties and protein conformation were established. Between 46 and 78% of the variability in functional properties can be explained by protein denaturation, temperature and enthalpy changes.
An Assessment of Nestling Diet Composition in the Violet-Green Swallow (Tachycineta thalassina)

Abstract Aerial insectivores have undergone marked population declines in recent decades, including members of the Hirundinidae (swallows), which have long served as sentinels of environmental change. In contrast to other swallow species that breed in North America, we have a poor understanding of most aspects of the basic ecology and life history of the violetgreen swallow (Tachycineta thalassina), a widespread species found throughout the Pacific Northwest. In this study, we investigated the diet composition of violet-green swallow nestlings to document the consumption of food resources by offspring during adult feeding visits. We identified arthropods from 13 taxonomic orders in feeding boluses and found that representation of taxonomic groups was highly uneven and dominated by Diptera and Hemiptera. Although swallows did provision some large prey, the great majority (i.e., 92.6% of 1047) of food items were < 5 mm in length. Feeding boluses collected from the congeneric tree swallow (T. bicolor) at the same study area and during the same time period revealed similar patterns of size and taxonomic representation of diet composition of violet-green nestlings, raising questions as to how these species partition critical resources in areas of sympatry.
Evaluation of annual pasture legumes in northern New South Wales. 1. Trifolium subterraneum cultivars and lines

Two subterranean clover (Trifolium subterraneum var. subterraneum and T. subterraneum var. brachycalycinum) evaluation studies were sown in replicated plots. The first study (experiment 1) comprised 30 entries sown in 1993 and 1994 and the second (experiment 2) had 85 entries sown in 1998. Green herbage mass (kg DM/ha) was assessed until spring 2000 (experiment 1) or 2001 (experiment 2). Limited data were also collected in experiment 1 to estimate hardseededness, seed yield and seedling regeneration. For each experiment, green herbage mass was examined using cubic smoothing splines. Plots of initial and final values assisted with data interpretation, and predicted values at the end of each experiment were used to assess significant (P = 0.05) cultivar/line differences. CPI 89846B (York), Junee and Clare performed better (P < 0.05) than Woogenellup, Seaton Park, Rosedale, Nuba and Goulburn (experiment 1, previously cultivated site). For the native pasture site, CPI 89846B, Junee, Clare and Woogenellup were better (P < 0.05) than Goulburn, Nuba and Rosedale. In experiment 2, the three cultivars, Clare, Antas and Rosedale, had similar predicted green herbage mass in spring 2001. In experiment 1, CPI 28012 had the lowest predicted green herbage mass in spring 2000. This line also had low seedling establishment and seed yield in 1993 and low seedling regeneration in 1994, 1995 and 1997. Early maturing cultivars/lines generally performed poorly in experiment 1 and, of the other lines, CPI 70100 performed best. However, in experiment 2, crosses with this line as a parent had variable green herbage mass in spring 2001.