Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The enemy release and EICA hypothesis revisited: incorporating the fundamental difference between specialist and generalist herbivores

The success of invasive plants has been attributed to their escape from natural enemies and subsequent evolutionary change in allocation from defence to growth and reproduction. In common garden experiments with Senecio jacobaea, a noxious invasive weed almost worldwide, the invasive populations from North America, Australia, and New Zealand did indeed allocate more resources to vegetative and reproductive biomass. However, invasive plants did not show a complete change in allocation from defence to growth and reproduction. Protection against generalist herbivores increased in invasive populations and pyrrolizidine alkaloids, their main anti-herbivore compounds, did not decline in invasive populations but were higher overall compared with native populations. In contrast, invasive plants lost additional protection against specialist herbivores adapted to pyrrolizidine alkaloids. Hence, the absence of specialist herbivores in invasive populations resulted in the evolution of lower protection against specialists and increased growth and reproduction, but also allowed a shift towards higher protection against generalist herbivores.
A Novel Design And Simulation Of U-Shaped Microstrip Patch Antenna For Future 5G Mobile Communication

This paper presents a novel millimeter wave u-shaped micro strip patch antenna for impending 5G mobile communication technology at centralized frequencies 24.6GHz and 41.1GHz with bandwidth 1.1GHz and 5GHz respectively which constitutes an economical substrate with a minuscule sized radiating element mounted on the top it which is admissible for portable devices. It constitutes rogers RT(5880)/Duroid which is a lossy substrate whose dielectric constant is 2.2 with a loss tangent of 0.0004 and 0.508 being it‟s standard thickness value for the radiating element and ground plane idealized material is used. The dimensions of the dielectric material are 7.3mmx8. 5mmx1mm and for the ground plane it is 7.3mmx8. 5mm.The area of the radiating element is 9.30 . Even an array which constitutes „2‟ u shaped patches has been proposed in order to achieve high gain. The dimensions of the substrate is 8.75mmx9. 88mmx0.8mm and for the ground plane is 8.75mmx9. 8mm.The area of an individual element in an array is 7.50 . As a step further this paper even presents a 6G U-shaped millimeter wave micro strip patch antenna whose centralized frequencies are 100.9GHz and 189.4GHz. The dimensions of the dielectric material is 2.15mmx1. 75x0.3mm. The area of the radiating element is 0.65 A simple transmission line feeding technique i.e. micro strip is used. The comprehensive size of the antenna is 7.3mmx8. 5mmx1mm.ANSYS HFSS software is used to simulate the results of the proposed antenna.
Maximizing Profits Using Genetic Algorithm

—Maximizing profits from products that one sells in a given marketplace is the main goal of any manager, entrepreneur, or a marketer who wants to make his business a success. This study aims at illustrating how this can be made possible by use of genetic algorithms. The proposed approach can be used by managers and marketers to maximize profits by increasing sales of products through optimization of the genetic algorithm (GA). The optimization results to greater accuracy in prediction and improves classification of the products in groups. Each group contains products with high sales and low sales. Then after applying the GA operations we will generate groups of three items and the manager then can make a promotion to sell these products together and improve the sales of products that are not selling well. This research seeks to provide manages with decision support model which will help them maximize sales and profits resultantly. Optimization using genetic algorithms is done in this research where versatile tools could be used in adjusting a business to reach a global scale in research. This will be achieved from the aspect of this research implementing a global optimization method that has capabilities of non-differentiating functions. The test conducted utilized minimum attention to generic algorithm. In this case, it is preferred that performance would be possible to implement rather than executing the algorithms in a way that they would run longer and on which that they would require varying selection method, rate of mutation, and the population size.
Evaluation of Accuracy and Precision of Downing Population Reconstruction

Abstract Downing population reconstruction uses harvest-by-age data and backward addition of cohorts to estimate minimum population size over time. Although this technique is currently being used for management of black bear (Ursus americanus) and white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus) populations, it had not undergone a rigorous evaluation of accuracy. We used computer simulations to evaluate the impacts of collapsing age classes and violating the assumptions of this technique on population reconstruction estimates and trends. Changes in harvest rate or survival over time affected accuracy of reconstructed population estimates and trends. The technique was quite robust to collapsing age classes as far as 3+ for bears and deer. This method would be suitable for estimating population growth rate (λ) for populations experiencing no trend in harvest rate or natural mortality rate over time. Our evaluation showed Downing population reconstruction to be a potentially valuable tool for managing harvested species with high harvest rates and low natural mortality, with possible application to black bear and white-tailed deer populations.
Preventing Falls in Older People: The Role of Footwear and Lower-Extremity Interventions

Given the age-related decline in foot strength and flexibility, and the emerging evidence that foot problems increase the risk of falls, established guidelines for falls prevention recommend that older adults have their feet examined by a podiatrist as a precautionary measure. However, these guidelines do not specify which intervention activities might be performed. Published in this special issue of JAPMA are nine high-quality articles, including seven original studies and two basic science reviews, focusing on the benefit and impact of footwear and foot and ankle interventions in reducing the risk of falling. The selected studies discuss various relevant questions related to podiatric intervention, including adherence to intervention; preference and perception of older adults in selecting footwear; benefit of insoles, footwear, and non-slip socks in preventing falls; fear of falling related to foot problems; benefit of podiatric surgical intervention; and benefit of foot and ankle exercise in preventing falls. (J Am Podiatr Med Assoc 103(6): 452-456, 2013)
Reductive detoxification of the acetophenone skeleton of the carnation phytoanticipin by Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. dianthi

The skeleton of the carnation phytoanticipin, acetophenone, was detoxified by Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. dianthi, the main fungal parasite of carnation. This process consisted of the reduction to ethanol of the acetyl group, leading to the formation of phenylethanol, which has lower fungitoxic activity than the parent molecule. The conversion took place through the activity of an adaptive fungal oxidoreductase, which was NADH-dependent and was released by the fungus as two enzymatic forms within the culture substrate in the presence of acetophenone. Reduction was stereospecific and gave rise to only one of the two possible enantiomeric forms.
Evidence of a link between demographic rates and species habitat suitability from post release movements in a reinforced bird population

Despite the increasing use of species distribution models for predicting current or future animal distribution, only a few studies have linked the gradient of habitat suitability (HS) to demographic parameters. While such approaches can improve the reliability of models, they can help to better predict the response of species to changes in HS over space and time, as induced by ongoing global change. Here, we tested whether the spatial variation in HS along the individual movement path is related to survival, using extensive tracking data collected from captive-bred individuals translocated to reinforce the wild populations of houbara bustard. We first modelled and mapped the HS from presence data of wild individuals using niche models in a consensus framework. We further analysed survival of released individuals using capture–recapture modelling and its links to HS, as the trend in suitability from the release sites along movements. We found that the survival of released individuals was related to changes in HS along their movements. For instance, individuals which moved to sites of lower HS than their release sites have lower survival probabilities than the others, independently of the HS of the release sites and daily movement rate. Our results provide an empirical support of the relationship between HS and survival, a major fitness component.
A natural history of two midwater 'spiders' (order Isopoda, family Munnopsidae) from Monterey Bay, California

Midwater isopods have been seen in Monterey Bay since the first regular ROV Ventana dives in 1989. This project determines the number and types found thus far in the bay and will facilitate further study of these animals and identification to species level of collected and video-taped specimens. All five ‘spiders’ found in the bay belong to the isopod family Munnopsidae. The most common munnopsid was identified as the genus Acanthamunnopsis and is the shallowest occurring munnopsid, found from 200 to 400 meters. The second most commonly observed munnopsid, referred to as the feather-foot munnopsid, likely belongs to the genus Munneurycope but no samples were available for confirmation. These animals were found to occur from 500 to 1200 meters. A Munneurycope-like munnopsid was seen in one video occurring at 3000 meters and having a body length of at least 3 cm. Several types of benthic or epibenthic munnopsids were also observed. One thousand two hundred and ninety-six video clips were viewed and behaviors recorded. Acanthamunnopsis and the feather-foot munnopsid were both observed swimming backwards with all elongate appendages held tightly together in a streamlined manner and ‘parachuting’. ‘Parachuting’ consists of hanging in the water with all appendages spread, increasing surface area and thus maintaining the animal’s position in the water column. Both the feather-foot and the 3000 m munnopsids were observed ‘walking’ through the water using the elongate appendages, much like an insect on land.
The potential for using mycoherbicides to control weeds from the family Brassicaceae in Australia.

The Brassicaceae contains many of the world’s important weeds, including Raphanus raphanistrum L. ( wild radish) in Australia. The host range of pathogens found on Brassicaceae often include a suite of related species opening the possibilities of developing mycoherbicides useful against a range of related weeds. This paper reviews the potential for the use of mycoherbicides for the control of weeds from the Brassicaceae in Australia. The use of such mycoherbicides would need to be managed to avoid causing problems in crops in the Brassicaceae such as canola.
The vulnerability of juvenile signal crayfish to perch and eel predation

SUMMARY 1. We conducted laboratory experiments to determine how juvenile signal crayfish (Pacifastacus leniusculus) responded to two predators with different foraging behaviours (European eel Anguilla anguilla and European perch Perca fluviatilis), and whether these responses affected their vulnerability. 2. By accelerating a model predator towards crayfish which had been temporarily blinded, we assessed whether crayfish had to see predators in order to escape. Blind crayfish escaped later than did sighted crayfish attacked in the same manner. 3. Both eels and perch elicited similar evasive behaviour when approaching and attacking sighted crayfish. Crayfish usually escaped these initial attacks but perch chased and caught more crayfish than did eels. 4. In a third experiment, perch preyed more rapidly on a population of crayfish than did eels. By the end of the experiment, however, crayfish survival rates were similar in response to eel and perch predation. 5. Our results show that crayfish are well adapted to evade predatory attacks based on rapid responses to both visual and/or mechanical stimuli. The results also suggest that behaviourally, crayfish are more vulnerable to attacks by perch than by eels. We discuss these findings in relation to other factors that affect the vulnerability of crayfish to these predators.
Cucurbita maxima Duch. as a medicinal plant.

This paperâ€™s goal is to emphasize a new approach on a well-known plant resource (Cucurbita maxima Duch.), considering its alternative utilization in phytopharmacy, based on published data on the chemical composition of fruits, flowers and seeds, as well as on prior knowledge on uses as a remedy.
The distribution and status of Acorus (Araceae) in Canada

Evidence is presented documenting the occurrence in Canada of two Acorus species. One is a widespread fertile diploid with which the name A. americanus has been associated. The other is a sterile taxon of more limited distribution, no doubt representing the well-known sterile triploid A. calamus of Europe, which has been widely introduced into North America.
The power law scaling, geometric and kinematic characteristic of faults in the Northern part of the Kerman Coal Province (KCP), Iran

According to numerous studies, there are basic and initial scaling relationship for the geometric and kinematic characteristics of faults. The study area is located in the northern part of the Kerman coal province. The statistical calculations are consisting of: measure the surface density of faults per unite area and division of the area, determining the direction of the dominant faulting and evaluating the relationship between length-displacement, strike-displacement and strike-length. Based on diagrams, the highest fracture density is related to the middle portion (B zone) of study area because that enclosed between the four main faults and sandstone rock assemblage. The relationship between strike-length parameter is calculated as (y=0.0478x + 11.54), and R-squared rate is (R=0.341), strike-displacement is calculated as (y=2.68x + 147.4) and R-squared rate is (R=0.65) and length-displacement is calculated as (y= 243.58 x0.0336) and R-squared rate is (R=0/022). It was determined that increasing the density of fractures and faulting in the study area can be attributed to the complex geological structure, the formation of initial faults and long term progressive deformation. Due to deformations accumulation and formations of multiple structures (like faults, folds and shear zones), have Increasing the fracture density, and topography, and has interacted with together. Comparison the length-strike and strike-displacement parameters, represents a similarity on the clustering in the plotted data Despite that they have many similarities to each other, does not show a dependable dependence, this may indicate their asynchronous creation.
Google, Translate This Website Page-Flipping through Google Translate's Ability

— Google Translate is one of the most universally used Machine Translations in the world. This Machine Translation is claimed to be equipped with Artificial Intelligence technology in performing translation between a range of language pairs, enabling it to produce “ translations that are usually more accurate and sound closer to the way people speak the language ” . One of the services this product of advanced technology offers is website translation. This paper aims to investigate both the strong points and the infirmities of Google Translate in relation to transferring the message of and naturalness in the reconstruction of website page content, which may take different forms ranging from linguistic content, such as single words, terms and sentences, to other types of content: images and hyperlinks. This research was undertaken by translating the homepage of the official website of English Premier League from English into Indonesian. The data consist of linguistic units ranging from word to sentence and the visual elements on the website page. The content of the original site was compared to that of its translation. Analysis was done on certain elemental areas covering the verbal and visual elements of the content in connection with its nature as content placed on website. This research gains the following findings. Some terminologies and expressions are flawlessly rendered despite the false translations and inconsistencies in the translation product. Interesting phenomena are identified: spatial shift and glitches in terms of web layout. Apparently, Google Translate and the technology it has still require prolific advancement to be able to function as a reliable website translator.
Intelligent system for defect detection

- This article describes an intelligent system for defect detection in industrial factories. The system makes an image analysis. The study shows a structure to detect, classify and identifies defects in industrial pieces during the processes they are being produced. The paper explains an automatic process control to detect failures on product appearance, it means, in their externals areas. The evaluation processes consider unlimited defects, it means, those defects whose limits are not clearly defined. Because of common characteristics, the defects appear in inaccurate parts of each analyzed piece. The hardware support involves pattern recognition devices and they are used to detect, identify and classify the defects. The structure of image capture and analysis do not need any human operator to reach a decision about the considered pieces. In addition to describing the model, a typical application is discussed. The practical results obtained are detailed and evaluated.
Determinants of Timely Complication-Referral Practices among Traditional Birth Attendants in Selected Communities of Oyo State, Nigeria

Background Prevalence of poor pregnancy outcomes with complications and maternal mortality account for 75% of maternal mortality resulting from the practice of traditional birth attendants (TBAs) who are not skilled sufficiently to detect high-risk pregnancies and birth complications early for referrals. This study was undertaken to understand the dynamics involved with timely complication-referral practices among TBAs in selected communities in Oyo State, Nigeria. Methodology This cross-sectional survey utilized interviewer-administered 58-item validated questionnaire for data collection from 210 consenting TBAs recruited by multistage sampling technique across three senatorial districts of the State. Knowledge, perception of seriousness, susceptibility of pregnancy complications, perceived benefits of referral, Self-efficacy, attitudinal dispositions, reinforcing and enabling factors, and referral-practices were measured on 16-, 15-, 12-, 15-, 9-, 1212-, 15and 18-point reference scales respectively. Data analysis reported means and standard deviations and test of associations to determine predictors of the outcome variable. All statistical tests were at 5% level of significance. Results Study showed that 80% of respondents acquired their skills through apprenticeship training while mean scores for knowledge (4.1±0.25), perceived seriousness (4.34±0.30), perceived susceptibility (6.92±0.22), perceived benefits (9.42±0.25), self-efficacy (5.68±0.26), attitudinal dispositions (4.85±0.29), reinforcing (3.16±0.40) and enabling factors (3.86±0.18) and timely complication-referral practices (7.75±027) were all not satisfactory. Enabling factors most significantly predicted referral practices (R= 0.882; r=0.778; p<0.001). Conclusion All variables scores were poor. Enabling factors defining infrastructural resources and training most significantly predicted referral practices. The study recommends constant capacitybuilding to improve skills of TBAs to recognize high-risk pregnancy and initiate early referrals.
Cell Membrane and Dna Damage of Cu2+ to Soil Ciliates Colpoda Inflata

Copper is an Essential Trace Element for the Life Activities of Protozoa But Becomes Toxic At Higher Concentration. the Effects of Cu2+ on Cell Membrane and Dna of Colpoda Inflata Were Investigated by Means of Ultraviolet Spectrophotometry and Comet Assay. the Results Showed That the Cell Membrane Integrity of Colpoda Inflata Was Disrupted by Cu2+Comparing with the Control Group. That Would Increase the Permeability of Cell Membranes and Release Intracellular Substances. in Addition, Cu2+ Damaged Nuclear Dna of Colpoda Inflata. and the Cu2+ Concentration Was Higher, Which the Comet Tail Was Longer and the Tailing Rate Was Higher.
Isolation and characterization of a high molecular weight JH‐III transport protein in the hemolymph of locusta migratoria

The juvenile hormone binding protein in Locusta migratoria is a very high density lipoprotein of Mr ∼ 566,000. It contains 15% lipid and is composed of six seemingly identical subunits of Mr ∼ 77,000. It is a minor protein, constituting 1–2% of the total hemolymph proteins. Its concentration fluctuates with total protein content and follows a cyclic pattern related to the molting cycles. The binding protein has a high affinity for (10R)-juvenile hormone III. The dissociation constant for the hormone is 3.7 ∼ 0.6 nM, and one binding molecule contains six hormone-specific binding sites. The concentration of binding sites in the hemolymph is therefore very high, reaching a value of 26 μM in the last larval instar and 11 μM in the adult male.
A Study to Evaluate the Effectiveness of Structured Teaching Programme on Knowledge Regarding Prevention of Coronary Artery Disease among Adults in Kale Village Karad

In India, coronary artery disease is one of the leading causes of death. Evidence based guidelines are recommending multiple drug therapy (statins, aspirin, ACE-I and beta-blockers) for the prevention of CAD. Clinical data for the secondary prevention of CAD are endorsing significant mortality benefits with these evidence based therapy. In real life clinical practice, there is inadequacy of knowledge regarding coronary artery disease so researcher planned to provide structured teaching programme. Aim & Objectives: To evaluate the effectiveness of structure teaching programme on knowledge regarding prevention of coronary artery disease among adults in kale village karad . Material & Methods: Evaluative study was conducted on 30 adult of Kale rural population by using interview schedule method. The data was collected tabulated and analyzed in terms of objectives of the study, using descriptive and inferential statistics. Results: It was found that there was deficit in knowledge about coronary Artery Disease among adults during pre test percentage (46.17%), and post test knowledge percentage (70 %), and actual gain score was 23.83 The mean post –test knowledge score was found to be significantly higher than the pre test score that the gain in knowledge score is statistically significant P value < 0.0001 levels. There for the structured teaching programme on Prevention of CAD is effective in improving the knowledge of adults.