Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Exploring Community-Engaged Scholarship: Insights and Questions for HRD

The Problem Higher education, including human resource development (HRD) programs, faces increasing public scrutiny for being out of touch with issues and concerns facing local and global communities by guarding limited conceptualizations of scholarship. In response, colleges and universities are identifying ways to bridge the academy (higher education) with the community-at-large and looking to its faculty to weave community concerns into scholarship through means such as community-engaged scholarship (CES). While the literature on and application of CES is robust in other disciplines, it remains less widely discussed in HRD. The Solution HRD scholar-practitioners have expertise in learning, leadership, organizational culture, and change, which could benefit the larger community, but also faculty and their work. Some HRD scholar-practitioners may already be practicing CES; yet, there is limited understanding of CES within HRD despite shared values and principles, including what may be blocking community-engaged efforts. To jumpstart the discussion, this article provides an overview of CES, identifying questions and issues for HRD scholar-practitioners to consider as part of a call to action to inform and advance the practice of and scholarship on CES. The Stakeholders This article has relevance for all who seek direct and indirect ways to collaborate, integrate knowledge across disciplines and contexts (including the community at large, field of HRD, and academicians), address community concerns, and translate knowledge to serve the broader good.
Evolution of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 clade C envelope V1-V5 region during disease progression in non-human primate model

i Acknowledgments.iii Table of contents.iv List of abbreviations.viii Chapter 1: Introduction and literature review.1 History and epidemiology of HIV-1.2 HIV-1 genome and structure.5 HIV-1 proteins and functions.7 Gag (MA, CA, NC, p2, p1 and p6). 8 Pol (PR, RT and IN). 9 Acessory proteins (Vif, Vpr/Vpx, Vpu, Nef). 11 Tat and Rev.15 Envelope.16 Pathogenesis of HIV-1.19 Life cycle of HIV-1.19 Transmission.21
Micro-/Nano-Structuring in Stainless Steels by Metal Forming and Materials Processing

Austenitic stainless steel type AISI304 sheets and plates as well as finegrained type AISI316 (FGSS316) substrates and wires were employed as a work material in the intense rolling, the piercing and the plasma nitriding. AISI304 sheet after intense rolling had textured microstructure in the rolling direction. Crystallographic state changed itself to have distorted polycrystalline state along the shearing plane by piercing, with the strain induced phase transformation. FGSS316 substrates were plasma nitrided at 623 K for 14.4 ks to have two-phase fine nanostructure with the average grain size of 100 nm as a surface layer with the thickness of 30 μm. FGSS316 wires were also plasma nitrided at the same conditions to form the nitrided surface down to the depth of 30 μm. This nitrided wire was further uniaxially loaded in tensile to attain more homogeneously nitrided surface nano-structure and to form the austenitic and martensitic fiber structure aligned in the tensile direction. Each crystallographic structure intrinsic to metals and metallic alloys was tailored to have preferable micro−/nano-structured cells by metal forming and nitrogen supersaturation. The crystallographic change by metal forming in a priori and posterior to nitriding was discussed to find out a new way for materials design.
Cellular viability and the occurrence and significance of chlorophyll allomers during phytoplankton turnover

Phytoplankton can exist in the water column, whole but non-functional, and the percentage of these dead cells in highly variable. These dead cells can contain chlorophyll and contribute to ocean colour, and hence estimates of oceanic primary productivity. The aim of this project was to assess indicators of phytoplankton physiological state, focusing on the formation of chlorophyll a oxidation products (allomers) and a chlorophyll precursor. Initially, to establish an appropriate method for the identification and quantification of chlorophyll allomers, a method selection and optimisation study was carried out. This assessment revealed that chlorophyll was prone to oxidation during sample analysis. Instrumentation, sample manipulation, method duration and HPLC solvent composition were all contributors to sample oxidation. The application of a method by Zapata et al. (2000) was found to produce minimal and consistent chlorophyll oxidation and was applied in subsequent studies. During a culture study of the picoeukaryote Ostreococcus tauri (Prasinophyceae), two chlorophyll allomers were formed solely during viral-infection, and not during environmental limitation of growth. Allomers began to increase 24 hours post viral-infection (hpi), simultaneously with decreases in population density and Fv/Fm, and an increase in membrane permeability. During viral-infection allomers reached a maximum level 48 hpi, which was 10-fold higher than the maximum level of allomers formed during environmental limitation. Chlorophyll a allomers were measured over an annual cycle for the first time, at the Western Channel Observatory (UK). Allomer occurrence (relative to chl-a) was maximal during April with a total allomer to chl-a ratio of 0.093 in surface water. Peaks in allomers were associated with blooms of Phaeocystis spp. , Guinardia delicatula, Chaetoceros socialis and Emiliania huxleyi and associations were dependent on the cause of the taxas’ declines. In situ allomer measurements were also taken during a research cruise in the central and southern North Sea, where the maximum ratio of allomers to chl-a (0.15) was measured at the Flamborough Front.
GABAA receptor β3 subunit mutation D120N causes Lennox–Gastaut syndrome in knock-in mice

Abstract The Lennox–Gastaut syndrome is a devastating early-onset epileptic encephalopathy, associated with severe behavioural abnormalities. Its pathophysiology, however, is largely unknown. A de novo mutation (c.G358A, p.D120N) in the human GABA type-A receptor β3 subunit gene (GABRB3) has been identified in a patient with Lennox–Gastaut syndrome. To determine whether the mutation causes Lennox–Gastaut syndrome in vivo in mice and to elucidate its mechanistic effects, we generated the heterozygous Gabrb3+/D120N knock-in mouse and found that it had frequent spontaneous atypical absence seizures, as well as less frequent tonic, myoclonic, atonic and generalized tonic–clonic seizures. Each of these seizure types had a unique and characteristic ictal EEG. In addition, knock-in mice displayed abnormal behaviours seen in patients with Lennox–Gastaut syndrome including impaired learning and memory, hyperactivity, impaired social interactions and increased anxiety. This Gabrb3 mutation did not alter GABA type-A receptor trafficking or expression in knock-in mice. However, cortical neurons in thalamocortical slices from knock-in mice had reduced miniature inhibitory post-synaptic current amplitude and prolonged spontaneous thalamocortical oscillations. Thus, the Gabrb3+/D120N knock-in mouse recapitulated human Lennox–Gastaut syndrome seizure types and behavioural abnormalities and was caused by impaired inhibitory GABAergic signalling in the thalamocortical loop. In addition, treatment with antiepileptic drugs and cannabinoids ameliorated atypical absence seizures in knock-in mice. This congenic knock-in mouse demonstrates that a single-point mutation in a single gene can cause development of multiple types of seizures and multiple behavioural abnormalities. The knock-in mouse will be useful for further investigation of the mechanisms of Lennox–Gastaut syndrome development and for the development of new antiepileptic drugs and treatments.
Many-Body Effects in FeN4 Center Embedded in Graphene

We introduce a computational approach to study porphyrin-like transition metal complexes, bridging density functional theory and exact many-body techniques, such as the density matrix renormalization group (DMRG). We first derive a multi-orbital Anderson impurity Hamiltonian starting from first principles considerations that qualitatively reproduce generalized gradient approximation (GGA)+U results when ignoring inter-orbital Coulomb repulsion U ′ and Hund exchange J. An exact canonical transformation is used to reduce the dimensionality of the problem and make it amenable to DMRG calculations, including all many-body terms (both intra- and inter-orbital), which are treated in a numerically exact way. We apply this technique to FeN 4 centers in graphene and show that the inclusion of these terms has dramatic effects: as the iron orbitals become single occupied due to the Coulomb repulsion, the inter-orbital interaction further reduces the occupation, yielding a non-monotonic behavior of the magnetic moment as a function of the interactions, with maximum polarization only in a small window at intermediate values of the parameters. Furthermore, U ′ changes the relative position of the peaks in the density of states, particularly on the iron d z 2 orbital, which is expected to affect the binding of ligands greatly.
Spectral features of voltage pulses in interacting helical channels

We investigate the interplay of voltage-driven excitations and electron-electron interactions in a pair of counterpropagating helical channels capacitively coupled to a time-dependent gate. By focusing on the non-equilibrium spectral properties of the system, we show how the spectral function is modified by external drives with different time profile in presence of Coulomb interactions. In particular, we focus on a Lorentzian drive and a square single pulse. In presence of strong enough electron-electron interactions, we find that both drives can result in minimal excitations, i.e. characterized by an excess spectral function with a definite sign. This is in contrast with what happens in the non-interacting case, where only properly quantized Lorentzian pulses are able to produce minimal excitations.
Biocompatibility Assessment of A New MTA Versus Ceramic Based Endodontic Root Canal Sealers

Connective tissue response and push-out bond strengths of a new (mineral trioxide aggregate) MTA based endodontic sealer were evaluated.Polyethylene tubes containing ProRoot ES and Endosequence BC sealers were subcutaneously implanted in 45 rats. After 3, 7, 30 days the animals were euthanized, and the specimens were evaluated histologically. Bond strengths of the sealers to root dentine were measured using a push-out bond strength test.Scores of the inflammatory tissue reaction for ProRoot® ES were significantly lower than BC sealer group at 3 days with a thinner fibrous capsule at 30 days. Also, they were not significantly different from the control group. The push-out bond strength of ProRoot® ES could not be evaluated due to handling problems, nevertheless the measured Endosequence BC bond strengths were within an acceptable range.ProRoot® ES had better biocompatibility, seen as more favorable tissue response, than the BC Sealer, although the latter had improved handling characteristics.
Semi-Supervised Optimal Transport Methods for Detecting Anomalies

Building upon advances on optimal transport and anomaly detection, we propose a generalization of an unsupervised and automatic method for detection of significant deviation from reference signals. Unlike most existing approaches for anomaly detection, our method is built on a non-parametric framework exploiting the optimal transportation to estimate deviation from an observed distribution. We described the theoretical background of our method and demonstrate its effectiveness on two datasets: an industrial predictive maintenance task based on audio recording and a detection of anomalous breathing relying on brain signals. In this type of problem, no negative or faulty samples are seen during training and the objective is to detect any abnormal sample without raising false alarm. The proposed approach outperforms all state-of-the-art methods for anomaly detection on the two considered datasets.
Performance of the Vancouver Risk Calculator Compared with Lung-RADS in an Urban, Diverse Clinical Lung Cancer Screening Cohort.

Purpose To compare the performance of the Vancouver risk calculator (VRC) with the American College of Radiology's Lung CT Screening Reporting and Data System (Lung-RADS) for a lung cancer screening cohort in an urban, diverse clinical setting. Materials and Methods This study included a total of 486 patients with lung nodules (63 years ± 5.2 [standard deviation], 261 female patients), 448 of whom had lung nodules that were subsequently classified as benign and 38 of whom had those that were classified as malignant. The mean follow-up time was 40.0 months ± 14. Institutional review board approval was obtained for this Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act-compliant retrospective study, and a waiver of informed consent was received. All patients undergoing lung cancer screening who underwent an initial baseline screening CT between December 2012 and June 2016 that demonstrated a nodule and had at least 1 year of follow-up comprised the study population. Each examination was assigned a Lung-RADS score between 2 and 4B, with 4A and 4B considered as showing positive results. The VRC calculates the risk of cancer at different thresholds using nine variables related to patient and imaging characteristics. Analysis was performed per patient based on the largest nodule. Lung-RADS and VRC using the 5% threshold were compared to assess diagnostic performance in determining the risk of developing lung cancer in a patient with a nodule found at screening CT. The McNemar test was used to compare differences in performance between Lung-RADS and VRC. Results Lung-RADS resulted in nine false-positive and 16 false-negative findings, whereas VRC with a 5% threshold resulted in 29 false-positive and 10 false-negative findings. Overall sensitivity and specificity for Lung-RADS was 58.0% and 98.0%, and for VRC with a 5% threshold was 73.7% and 93.5%, respectively (P = .313, P < .001, respectively). Conclusion The VRC performs well in an urban, diverse lung cancer screening program. Further studies may be directed at determining whether its use in conjunction with Lung-RADS leads to improved lung cancer detection.Keywords: CT, Lung, Thorax© RSNA, 2020.
Germinação de sementes e importancia relativa da qualidade, disponibilidade e morfologia de frutos na dieta de Carollis perspicillata (Chiroptera: phyllostomidae)

By removing large amounts of seeds, bats may contribute significantly not only to spread the seeds, but also to their germination. In this study, we test if and how the seed ingestion of three different species of Piper by Carollia perspicillata affect the germination rates and also if there are differences between results of germination experiments performed in the filed and under controlled laboratory conditions. Study was conducted at the Edgardia Experimental Farm, Botucatu, SP. Three species were investigated: P. glabratum, P. hispidinervum and P. amalago. Three different treatments, in field and in laboratory, were set: fruit seeds clean, fruit seeds ingested by C. perspicillata and fruit seeds with pulp. In the laboratory, all species presented percentage of germination of the seeds that were ingested or cleaned by hand higher than germination of seeds with pulp. Therefore, was found that removal of fruit‟s pulp is the first step that facilitates germination, limiting or preventing fungal growth. In the field, only P. hispidinervum presented percentage of germination of seeds that were ingested higher than germination of seeds with pulp, confirming laboratory results. In the lab, P. amalago and P. hispidinervum had delayed germination of seeds with pulp because the start of germination of this treatment was higher, in other words, removing the pulp accelerate the germination. The percentage of germination in half time confirmed this acceleration to start of germination, thus there was no influence on germination rate. Now the germination percentage in half time indicated an acceleration of germination due to the previous seed ingestion. In the field there was no change in the germination rate. The same occurred with the germination percentage in half period to P. amalago and P. glabratum. However, P. hispidinervum showed acceleration of ingested seeds germination, confirming laboratory results.
Metabolic Heterogeneity of Cancer Cells: An Interplay between Reprogrammed and Oxidative Metabolism and Roles of HIF-1, GLUTs and AMPK

It has been long recognized that under hypoxia conditions cancer cells reprogram their metabolism through shift from oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) to glycolysis to meet elevated requirements in energy and nutrients for proliferation, migration and survival. However, data accumulated over the last years increasingly evidence that cancer cells can revert from glycolysis to OXPHOS and maintain both reprogrammed and oxidative metabolism even in the same tumor. The phenomenon denoted as cancer cell metabolic plasticity or hybrid metabolism depends on a tumor micro-environment, which is highly heterogeneous and influenced by intensity of vasculature and blood flow, oxygen concentration, nutrient and energy supply, and requires regulatory interplay between multiple oncogenes, transcription factors, growth factors, reactive oxygen species (ROS), etc. Hypoxia-inducible factor-1 (HIF-1) and AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) represent key modulators of switch between reprogrammed and oxidative metabolism. The present review focuses on cross-talks between HIF-1, GLUTs, and AMPK and other regulatory proteins including oncogenes such as c-Myc, p53 and KRAS, growth factor-initiated PKB/Akt, PI3K and mTOR signaling pathways and tumor suppressors such as LKB1 and TSC1 in controlling cancer cell metabolism. The multiple switches between metabolic pathways can underlie chemo-resistance to conventional anti-cancer therapy and should be taken into account in choosing molecular targets to discovery novel anti-cancer drugs.
Exploring Big Data Research: A Review of Published Articles from 2010 to 2018 Related to Logistics and Supply Chains

The emergence of industrial revolution 4.0, digital era, social media networks, ride-sharing transportation networks, video on demand, 5G network technology, and other cutting-edge technologies has transformed the current research paradigm in science into the fourth stage where “big data” is analyzed using various statistical explorations. Conversely, there are still deficiencies in scientific articles exploring “big data” in the logistics and supply chain research communities. Thus, the objective of this study was to conduct a comprehensive review of the trends and the current status of big data analytics (BDA) in the logistics and supply chain research communities. An elaborate examination was performed by analyzing the big data papers published in logistics and supply chain journals. The results have uncovered three things: the changing roles of BDA; some daunting challenges of implementing big data analytics, along with its recommended solutions; and the promising future of logistics and supply chains. All the findings would be helpful for creating a good research design and for implementing big data analytics (BDA) in the related fields.
Psychic distance and outward foreign direct investment: the moderating effect of firm heterogeneity

This study investigates the effect of psychic distance (PD) on outward foreign direct investment (OFDI) by multinational firms originating in emerging economies and the moderating effect of firm heterogeneity on this relationship. ,An empirical analysis based on a negative binomial regression model is conducted using OFDI data from 2008 to 2017 on companies listed on the Shanghai and Shenzhen Stock Exchanges in China, an emerging economy. ,The results suggest a U-shaped relationship between PD and OFDI by firms in emerging economies. Both executive foreign experience and state ownership negatively moderate the U-shaped relationship between PD and OFDI. ,Emerging economies should encourage and guide multinational firms in engaging in OFDI and emphasize the advantages and disadvantages of PD for multinational firms. Additionally, non-sate-owned firms should recruit those who have a foreign education to provide support for OFDI by firms in emerging economies. Multinational firms should determine investment locations by consulting with executives with foreign experience to improve their ability to engage in OFDI. ,This study combines macro and micro perspectives and integrates PD and firm heterogeneity into the same model with a sample of multinational firms originating in China. The findings support the existence of a PD paradox, which helps to enriching the theory on foreign direct investment.
Investigations into mating disruption, delayed mating, and multiple mating in oriental beetle, Anomala orientalis (Waterhouse), Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae

INVESTIGATIONS INTO MATING DISRUPTION, DELAYED MATING, AND MULTIPLE MATING IN ORIENTAL BEETLE, ANOMALA ORIENT ALLS' (WATERHOUSE) (COLEOPTERA: SCARABAEIDAE) SEPTEMBER 2005 ERIK J. WENNINGER, B.S., UNIVERSITY OF TOLEDO M.S., IDAHO STATE UNIVERSITY Ph.D., UNIVERSITY OF MASSACHUSETTS AMHERST Directed by: Professor Anne L. Averill Oriental beetle, Anomala orientalis (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae), is a pest of turf, ornamentals, and several crops, including cranberry; damage is caused by larval feeding on plant roots. Imidacloprid—the only new pesticide registered against scarabs in cranberry since the ban on organochlorines in the 1970s—is expensive and relatively ineffective against later instar larvae. I evaluated the potential management of oriental beetle in cranberry by mating disruption using female sex pheromone deployed from wax disks. I found strong trap shutdown in mating disruption treatments. Because attempts to disrupt mating may be compromised if males eventually find females, I studied the effects of delayed mating on female reproductive output in the lab. Females were relatively resilient to mating delay, exhibiting only a gradual decline in fecundity with increased age at mating. Thus, in order for mating disruption to be a successful management tool, mating must be prevented rather than delayed. I deployed tethered virgin females deployed in the field and found that mating is indeed largely prevented in
Coral Reef Conservation: Uses and abuses: ecological and socio-economic issues

Coral reefs are the ‘rainforests’ of the ocean, containing the highest diversity of marine organisms and facing the greatest threats from humans. As shallow-water coastal habitats, they support a wide range of economically and culturally important activities, from fishing to tourism. Their accessibility makes reefs vulnerable to local threats which include over-fishing, pollution and physical damage. Reefs also face global problems, such as climate change, which may be responsible for recent widespread coral mortality and increased frequency of hurricane damage. This book summarizes the current state of knowledge about the status of reefs, the problems they face and potential solutions. The topics considered range from concerns about extinction of coral reef species to economic and social issues affecting the well-being of people who depend on reefs. The result is a multidisciplinary perspective on problems and solutions to the coral reef crisis.