Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Solution Structure of the Calponin Homology (CH) Domain from the Smoothelin-like 1 Protein

The SMTNL1 protein contains a single type-2 calponin homology (CH) domain at its C terminus that shares sequence identity with the smoothelin family of smooth muscle-specific proteins. In contrast to the smoothelins, SMTNL1 does not associate with F-actin in vitro, and its specific role in smooth muscle remains unclear. In addition, the biological function of the C-terminal CH-domains found in the smoothelin proteins is also poorly understood. In this work, we have therefore determined the solution structure of the CH-domain of mouse SMTNL1 (SMTNL1-CH; residues 346-459). The secondary structure and the overall fold for the C-terminal type-2 CH-domain is very similar to that of other CH-domains. However, two clusters of basic residues form a unique surface structure that is characteristic of SMTNL1-CH. Moreover, the protein has an extended C-terminal α-helix, which contains a calmodulin (CaM)-binding IQ-motif, that is also a distinct feature of the smoothelins. We have characterized the binding of apo-CaM to SMTNL1-CH through its IQ-motif by isothermal titration calorimetry and NMR chemical shift perturbation studies. In addition, we have used the HADDOCK protein-protein docking approach to construct a model for the complex of apo-CaM and SMTNL1-CH. The model revealed a close interaction of SMTNL1-CH with the two Ca2+ binding loop regions of the C-terminal domain of apo-CaM; this mode of apo-CaM binding is distinct from previously reported interactions of apo-CaM with IQ-motifs. Finally, we comment on the putative role of the CH-domain in the biological function of SMTNL1.
A new high frequency injection method based on duty cycle shifting without maximum voltage magnitude loss

The conventional high frequency signal injection method is to superimpose a high frequency voltage signal to the commanded stator voltage before space vector modulation. Therefore, the magnitude of the voltage used for machine torque production is limited. In this paper, a new high frequency injection method, in which high frequency signal is generated by shifting the duty cycle between two neighboring switching periods, is proposed. This method allows injecting a high frequency signal at half of the switching frequency without the necessity to sacrifice the machine fundamental voltage amplitude. This may be utilized to develop new position estimation algorithm without involving the inductance in the medium to high speed range. As an application example, a developed inductance independent position estimation algorithm using the proposed high frequency injection method is applied to drive a synchronous reluctance machine. Simulation and experimental results are given to support the proposed new approach.
Optimization of the geopotential heights information used in a rainfall‐based weather patterns classification over Austria

Classifications of atmospheric circulation patterns are useful tools to improve the description of the climate of a given region and the analysis of meteorological situations. In particular, weather pattern (WP) classifications could be used to improve the description of spatial heavy rainfall. Here, a bottom‐up approach, previously used to build WP classification in France, is applied for the definition of a WP classification useful for the description of Austrian heavy rainfall. The optimal spatial extent and the optimal position of the geopotential fields to be taken into account for a WP classification is studied. The proposed WP classification is shown to be coherent with the general knowledge on synoptic situations responsible for heavy rainfall over Austria. Moreover, the classification has good performances in terms of heavy rainfall spatial description compared to 152 COST 733 classifications defined in the same region. In particular, we show that the choice of spatial extent of the geopotential fields, their position and their characteristics is relevant for capturing physical information on synoptic situations responsible for heavy rainfall and that it can improve WP classification performances. Copyright © 2012 Royal Meteorological Society
Information needs and practices of active mobile Internet users

Understanding mobile information needs and how these needs are addressed is essential in developing mobile information services. We conducted a four-week diary study with experienced and active mobile Internet users, focusing on the physical and situational contexts of their mobile information needs and the information access practices used to fulfill them. Our results complement earlier studies and indicate that unrestricted mobile Internet access shapes information access behavior. For active mobile Internet users, mobile Web browsing and search were the dominant information access methods and they were used to address the needs as they emerged. We also discovered correlations between types of information need and the access method. Our results indicate that when designing mobile information access services, one should look beyond simple contextual cues such as location and account for the user's activities and their effect on emerging information needs.
Catheter ablation vs antiarrhythmic drug therapy for atrial fibrillation: a systematic review.

BACKGROUND Circumferential pulmonary vein ablation (CPVA) has become common therapy for atrial fibrillation (AF), but results of large randomized controlled trials comparing this procedure with antiarrhythmic drug therapy (ADT) have not been published to date. We conducted a systematic literature review to assess whether CPVA is superior to ADT for the management of AF. METHODS We searched PubMed, EMBASE, and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials for relevant randomized controlled trials. Data were abstracted to construct a 2 x 2 table for each trial. Recurrence of any atrial tachyarrhythmia (AT) was considered the primary end point of the trials. The estimate and confidence interval for the pooled risk ratio of AT recurrence-free survival in the CPVA group vs the ADT group were obtained using the random-effects model. RESULTS Four trials qualified for the meta-analysis. In total, 162 of 214 patients (75.7%) in the CPVA group had AT recurrence-free survival vs 41 of 218 patients (18.8%) in the ADT group. The random-effects pooled risk ratio for AT recurrence-free survival was 3.73 (95% confidence interval, 2.47-5.63). In addition, fewer adverse events were reported in the CPVA group compared with that in the ADT group. CONCLUSIONS We observed statistically significantly better AT recurrence-free survival with CPVA than with ADT. These results highlight the need for larger trials to determine the appropriate role for CPVA in the management of AF. Ongoing clinical trials may provide further guidance on these treatment options for AF.
Pre-linguistic children with cleft palate: Growth of gesture, vocalization, and word use

Abstract Children with cleft lip and/or palate show early delays in speech and vocabulary development that may have an impact on later communication and social development. While delays in the complexity of babbling may put children at risk for later delays in speech and language development, there is considerable variability in development. This study focused on the rate of children's communication acts, canonical vocalizations, and word use as they made the transition from the pre-linguistic to linguistic development. The study included 15 children with non-syndromic cleft lip and/or palate who were seen at three time points between 17–34 months age. Communication rates were calculated from parent–child language samples collected during play activities. Assignment to linguistic stages was based on the children's expressive vocabulary, as reported on the MacArthur Communicative Development Inventory: Words and Sentences. From the pre-linguistic to linguistic level, the children's average rate per minute of: communicative acts overall increased significantly from 1.49 to 3.07 per minute; canonical vocalizations from 0.21 to 0.90 per minute; and word use from 0.16 to 3.61 per minute. Rates of communicative acts were associated with later word use. It appears that children with clefts rely on non-verbal communicative acts when verbal development is delayed.
Tolerancia inmune al tratamiento con toxina botulínica tipo A

Actualmente la neurotoxina botulinica tipo A es utilizada en el tratamiento de diversos trastornos relacionados con hiperactividad muscular localizada y para aplicacion cosmetica. La neurotoxina botulinica tipo A esta conformada por un nucleo proteico de 150 kDa asociada a un complejo de hasta 6 proteinas auxiliares no toxicas. En la respuesta al tratamiento cronico con neurotoxina botulinica tipo A se ha descrito una disminucion entre los periodos de aplicacion de la toxina, lo cual se puede expresar como una disminucion del efecto de la neurotoxina botulinica tipo A. Se busco identificar el mecanismo inmunologico, asi como las principales moleculas participantes en el desarrollo de la tolerancia inmune hacia la neurotoxina botulinica tipo A. Se llevo a cabo una busqueda sistematizada en las siguientes bases de datos: PubMed, Imbiomed y Scielo. Tomando en consideracion articulos de investigacion basica y clinica publicados despues del ano 2000, con especial interes en las publicaciones realizadas en los ultimos 3 anos. La disminucion entre los periodos de aplicacion de la neurotoxina botulinica tipo A, es generada por tolerancia inmune mediada principalmente por la accion biologica del complejo de histocompatibilidad tipo II, antigeno CD19 y la interleucina-6. Provocando un aumento en las dosis requeridas para mantener un tratamiento efectivo con neurotoxina botulinica tipo A, esto no significa una dependencia a la toxina botulinica. Significando una disminucion en la efectividad de un tratamiento de enfermedades cronicas.
Differential Regulation of IL-12 and IL-10 Gene Expression in Macrophages by the Basic Leucine Zipper Transcription Factor c-Maf Fibrosarcoma1

IL-12 is a principal activator of both innate and adaptive immunity against infectious agents and malignancies. Regulation of proinflammatory IL-12 gene expression in phagocytes by the anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10 represents a major homeostatic process underlying host-pathogen and host-self interactions. Delineation of the signaling pathway of IL-10 is crucial to the understanding of immunological regulatory networks. In this study, we report that IL-10 and c-musculoaponeurotic fibrosarcoma (Maf) induce their mutual expression in inflammatory macrophages. We demonstrate that c-Maf is one of the physiological mediators of IL-10’s immunosuppressive activities. When overexpressed, c-Maf selectively inhibits transcriptional activation of IL-12 p40 and p35 genes while potently activating IL-10 and IL-4 expression, potentially contributing to the development of a state of anti-inflammation and dichotomy of immunologic polarization. c-Maf induces changes in nuclear DNA-binding activities at multiple sites including the ets, GA-12, NF-κB, C/EBP, and AP-1 elements. Nonetheless, the essential c-Maf-responsive element appears to be located elsewhere. Inhibition of IL-12 p40 gene expression by c-Maf requires the N-terminal transactivation domain, suggesting an indirect mechanism of transcriptional inhibition involving the induction of an unidentified repressor. In c-Maf-deficient murine macrophages, IL-10 production is impaired. However, IL-10-mediated inhibition of IL-12 production remains intact, indicating the existence of alternative mediators in the absence of c-Maf, consistent with the observation that a functional AP-1 is required for this pathway.
"Quality by Design" - Evidenzgrade vergleichender Studiendesigns der implantologischen Forschung "Quality by Design" - the evidence level of comparative trial designs in implantological research

Vergleichende Studiendesigns konnen bezuglich der jeweils daraus ableitbaren Aussagekraft rangiert werden: Wahrend aus einer randomisierten kontrollierten Klinischen Studie (RCT) ein kausaler Zusammenhang zwischen Therapiewahl und -ergebnis abgeleitet werden kann, sind die Ergebnisse von Kohorten- und Fallkontrollstudien selbst nach Korrektur fur bekannte prognostisch relevante Storgrosen nur als Assoziationen zwischen Versorgung und Ergebnis interpretierbar und konnen Epi-Phanomene unbekannter Storgrosen sein. Dementsprechend kann eine Klassifikation von Forschungsergebnissen auf Basis der ihnen zugrunde liegenden Studiendesigns entlang der daraus ableitbaren kausalen Belastbarkeit erfolgen: Aus retrospektiven vergleichenden Designs abgeleiteten Aussagen wird der Evidenzgrad III zugeordnet, bei Ableitung aus prospektiven, nicht-randomisierten, vergleichenden Designs der Evidenzgrad II. Ergebnissen aus randomisierten Studiendesigns wird der maximal erreichbare Evidenzgrad I (oft noch unterteilt in Grad I B bei Verfugbarkeit einer einzelnen RCT zu einer Fragestellung sowie den hoheren Evidenzgrad I A fur die quantitative Kombination mehrerer RCTs in einer Metaanalyse) zugeordnet. Grundsatzlich wird der Evidenzgrad I als Masstab der Patienten-orientierten Forschung verstanden; in begrundeten Fallen konnen aber auch Studiendesigns mit Evidenzgrad II und III z.B. aus logistischen Grunden eine realistische Vorgehensweise zumindest zur zeitnahen Erstadressierung einer Fragestellung bieten.
Frizzled‐9 promoter drives expression of transgenes in the medial wall of the cortex and its chief derivative the hippocampus

The hippocampus develops from the medial wall of the forming cerebral cortex during embryonic life. Morphogenic signals from the Wnt pathway regulate several events during hippocampal development (Galceran et al.: Development 127:469–482, 2000; Lee et al.: Development 127:457–467, 2000; Zhou et al.: J Neurosci 24:121–126, 2004) and we have previously shown that Wnt receptors from the Frizzled (Fzd) family are expressed in discreet cortical domains during development (Kim et al.: Mech Dev 103:167–172, 2001). We generated transgenic mice using the putative control elements of the Fzd9 gene, normally selectively expressed in the developing and adult hippocampus, driving expression of a marker gene. These mice express LacZ in the brain in the same developmental distribution as endogenous Fzd protein. Postnatally, expression remains strong in the dendritic fields of hippocampal principal cells as well as hippocampal efferent axons. These mice provide a genetic and anatomic tool for analyzing development and reorganization in the hippocampus. genesis 40:32–39, 2004. © 2004 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
An unusual case of impacted biliary stone

The incidence of biliary stones is higher in the female sex [1, 2]. Common bile duct (CBD) stones are the most common cause of acute biliary pancreatitis (ABP) [3]. We report the case of a 39-year-old woman with ABP. The patient underwent endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) with an initial approach to the minor papilla, which looked like the major papilla. During ERCP we observed an impacted biliary stone in the papilla (▶Fig. 1; ▶Video1). Pre-cut was performed resulting in spontaneous stone expulsion, but it was not possible to gain access to the CBD. The contrast medium injection revealed a dilated Santorini duct originating from the cut papilla. The junction between the Santorini and the Wirsung duct was far from the minor papilla, in the 3 rd duodenal portion, with an abnormal biliopancreatic junction, and an uncommon intramural channel > 15mm (▶Fig. 2). After pancreatography, a wire was advanced into the Santorini duct, through the Wirsung duct, to the duodenum, across the major papilla. After the “inverted rendezvous,” a septotomy was performed, which enabled CBD access, and then endoscopic biliary sphincterotomy (EBS) was performed. The cholangiography showed a 10mm diameter CBD with multiple fragmented stones in the distal portion. The fragments were extracted using a Dormia basket, and a 7 Fr ×5 cm pancreatic plastic stent was placed for the prevention of post-ERCP acute pancreatitis (▶Video1).
Population genetics of the endangered Knysna seahorse, Hippocampus capensis

The evolutionary history of the endangered Knysna seahorse, Hippocampus capensis, and the extent of gene flow among its three known populations, were investigated using 138 mitochondrial DNA control region sequences. Similarly high levels of genetic diversity were found in two of the populations (Knysna and Keurbooms Estuaries), whereas diversity in the third population (Swartvlei Estuary) was lower. Although most haplotypes are shared between at least two populations, based on the haplotype frequency distributions the three assemblages constitute distinct management units. The extant population structure of H. capensis suggests that the Knysna seahorse originated in the large Knysna Estuary. The presence of seahorses in the two smaller estuaries is either the result of a vicariance event at the beginning of the present interglacial period, colonization of the estuaries via the sea, or a combination of the two.
Measuring tree-ring parameters using the generalised fisher ratio

A new technique is proposed to locate, count and measure the modes of a well-separated multimodal density distribution. It is based on a generalisation of the Fisher ratio for Gaussian mixture models. Under the assumption that the optimal mixture model that matches the right number of modes in a well-separated multimodal distribution is the one that maximises the Fisher ratio, we can find the optimal mixture model using a merging technique. We apply this new criterion to count, locate and measure tree-rings in dendrochronology and compare it to the most widely used method, the Hybrid Edge Detection algorithm.
USE AND ABUSE OF INTRAPERITONEAL DRAINS IN COLON SURGERY.

In 1887 Robert Lawson Tait, a violent opponent of Lister's concepts of the relationship between bacteria and disease, wrote the familiar phrase: When in doubt, drain. Three quarters of a century later this remains an unresolved problem for the physician performing colonic surgery. When in doubt, should one drain? Even in Tait's day it was demonstrated experimentally that it is not possible to drain the entire peritoneal cavity. History In the second century AD Aurelius Celsus, a Roman nobleman, applied what he learned from Hippocratic writings and utilized empyema tubes to drain ascitic fluid. Ambroise Pare (1510-1590) developed paracentesis tubes of gold and silver, and Lorenz Heister (1683-1758), a leading German surgeon, began using wicks of gauze. This was the first attempt to utilize the principle of capillary action in removing ascites. Ephraim McDowell (1771-1830), a Kentucky surgeon, in performing his first ovariotomy, left long ligatures on the pedicles which
Hydrophobic Effects on Antibacterial and Channel‐forming Properties of Cecropin A–Melittin Hybrids

The design of cecropin–melittin hybrid analogues is of interest due to the similarities in the structure of the antimicrobial peptides cecropin and melittin but differences in their lytic properties. We suspected that a hydrophobic residue in position 2 of milittin (Ile8 in the hybrid) plays an important role in the activity of the 15‐residue hybrid, KWKLFKKIGAVLKVL‐NH2, [CA(1–7)M(2–9)NH2] and have now examined its role in the analogue toward five test bacteria. Deletion of Ile8 reduced activity, and it was not restored by lengthening to 15 residues by addition of another threonine at the C‐terminus. Replacement of Ile8 by a hydrophobic leucine maintained good activity and Ala8 was equally active for four organisms, although less active against Staphylococcus aureus. Replacement by the hydrophilic Ser8 strongly reduced potency against all five organisms. Deletion of Leu15 decreased activity, but addition of Thr16 maintained good activity. The presence of hydrophobic residues appears to have a significant effect on the process of antibacterial activity. These peptide analogues showed voltage‐dependent conductance changes and are capable of forming ion‐pores in planar lipid bilayers. The antibacterial action of the peptides is thought to be first an ionic interaction with the anionic phosphate groups of the membrane followed by interaction with the hydrocarbon core of the membrane and subsequent reorientation into amphipathic α‐helical peptides that form pores (ion‐channels), which span the membrane. The analogue also showed an increase in α‐helicity with an increase in hexafluoro 2‐propanol concentration.
Negative Effects of Acute Sleep Deprivation on Left Ventricular Functions and Cardiac Repolarization in Healthy Young Adults

Sleep deprivation (SD) is associated with an increased incidence of adverse cardiovascular events, we aimed to determine the impact of acute SD on structural and functional alterations of the left ventricle (LV) and on electrocardiogram (ECG) markers including T wave peak‐to‐end interval (TpTe), QT interval, and TpTe/QT ratio in healthy subjects after a night of SD.
"For better and for worse".

The presented book we offer here is not kind of usual book. You know, reading now doesn't mean to handle the printed book in your hand. You can get the soft file of for better and for worse in your gadget. Well, we mean that the book that we proffer is the soft file of the book. The content and all things are same. The difference is only the forms of the book, whereas, this condition will precisely be profitable.
Paraneoplastic systemic lupus erythematosus in association with oat cell tumour of the lung

A 63-year-old man presented in the emergency department with general malaise, asthenia, an erythematosquamous rash on face and forearms and severe hyponatremia. The rash appeared after working in his garden on a sunny afternoon without sunscreen protection (Figure 1A/B/C). Furosemide was stopped and once daily mometason furoate cream was prescribed. Hyponatremia was corrected by IV hypertonic fluids. Five days later, the rash spread to the upper legs, chest and back. Histopathology revealed damage of the basal layer with necrotic keratinocytes and dermal perivascular and adnexal infiltrates (Figure 2). This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
Pyruvate Metabolism in Saccharomyces cerevisiae

In yeasts, pyruvate is located at a major junction of assimilatory and dissimilatory reactions as well as at the branch‐point between respiratory dissimilation of sugars and alcoholic fermentation. This review deals with the enzymology, physiological function and regulation of three key reactions occurring at the pyruvate branch‐point in the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae: (i) the direct oxidative decarboxylation of pyruvate to acetyl‐CoA, catalysed by the pyruvate dehydrogenase complex, (ii) decarboxylation of pyruvate to acetaldehyde, catalysed by pyruvate decarboxylase, and (iii) the anaplerotic carboxylation of pyruvate to oxaloacetate, catalysed by pyruvate carboxylase. Special attention is devoted to physiological studies on S. cerevisiae strains in which structural genes encoding these key enzymes have been inactivated by gene disruption.