Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
COGNOTECA:UMA ALTERNATIVA PARA O EXERCÍCIO DE HABILIDADES COGNITIVAS, EMOCIONAIS E SOCIAIS NO CONTEXTO ESCOLAR

A cognoteca reune um acervo de materiais e jogos que exercitam habilidades emocionais, cognitivas e sociais. A cognoteca inserida no contexto escolar permite a proposicao de atividades curriculares e extracurriculares, contribuindo para fortalecer o enfoque globalizador de educacao. Os jogos cognitivos sao um conjunto de jogos variados que trabalham aspectos cognitivos, propondo a interseccao entre os conceitos de jogos, diversao e cognicao. Considerando esses recursos, neste trabalho temos o objetivo de apresentar os jogos cognitivos como recurso didatico ao exercicio de habilidades cognitivas, emocionais e sociais no contexto escolar. O estudo realizado caracteriza-se como exploratorio e foi realizado no Colegio de Aplicacao da Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, a partir da proposicao de atividades na cognoteca e observacoes realizadas no atendimento de turmas e alunos do Ensino Fundamental com criancas de 6 a 10 anos. A partir disso, descrevemos tres diferentes formatos de atividades com jogos cognitivos e apontamos algumas contribuicoes a aprendizagem. Ao mesmo tempo em que apresentamos algumas possibilidades pedagogicas, destacando aspectos relacionados ao Planejamen-to, aos recursos e a organizacao do espaco no contexto escolar.
Current status and future challenges of programs for men convicted of gender violence in Spain

Programmes involving men convicted of intimate partner violence are subject to a wide range of discussions these days. There are numerous international debates regarding programmes aimed at men convicted of intimate partner violence. Some of the most controversial issues are: a) intervention approaches, b) the possibility of performing specific treatments according to the offender’s characteristics, or c) the need to take account of external factors such as institutional coordination or the specifics of the therapeutical process (context, therapeutical alliance, motivation of the convict, and the therapist). The aim of this article is to review the main themes that are the focus of this international debate and weigh their impact on the research and the principal programmes that exist in Spain for men convicted of gender violence. The conclusions show that research in Spain is gradually incorporating the topics identified internationally such as the efficacy of programmes in different contexts, the existence of typologies, motivational aspects, analysis of dropouts, risk factors, cultural aspects, or offenders’ addictions problems. Nevertheless, it appears necessary to more closely align the programmes with the characteristics of the
Heterogeneous Nuclear Ribonucleoprotein (hnRNP) F Is a Novel Component of Oligodendroglial RNA Transport Granules Contributing to Regulation of Myelin Basic Protein (MBP) Synthesis*

Background: Myelin basic protein (MBP) synthesis and Fyn kinase activity are important for CNS myelination. Results: Oligodendroglial hnRNP F is associated with RNA granules, a target of Fyn, and modulates MBP translation. Conclusion: hnRNP F is a crucial regulator of MBP synthesis. Significance: Dysregulation of hnRNP F levels as occurs in some white matter diseases will compromise myelination. Myelin basic protein (MBP) is a major component of central nervous system (CNS) myelin. The absence of MBP results in the loss of almost all compact myelin in the CNS. MBP mRNA is sorted into RNA granules that are transported to the periphery of oligodendrocytes in a translationally inactive state. A central mediator of this transport process is the trans-acting factor heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein (hnRNP) A2 that binds to the cis-acting A2-response element in the 3′UTR of MBP mRNA. Recently, we found that activation of the Src family nonreceptor tyrosine kinase Fyn in oligodendrocytes leads to phosphorylation of hnRNP A2 and to increased translation of MBP mRNA. Here, we identify the RNA-binding protein hnRNP F as a novel component of MBP mRNA transport granules. It is associated with hnRNP A2 and MBP mRNA in cytoplasmic granular structures and is involved in post-transcriptional regulation of MBP expression. Fyn kinase activity results in phosphorylation of hnRNP F in the cytoplasm and its release from MBP mRNA and RNA granules. Our results define hnRNP F as a regulatory element of MBP expression in oligodendrocytes and imply an important function of hnRNP F in the control of myelin synthesis.
Asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA): A novel risk marker in cardiovascular medicine and beyond

There is abundant evidence that the endothelium plays a crucial role in the maintenance of vascular tone and structure. One of the major endothelium‐derived vasoactive mediators is nitric oxide (NO), an endogenous messenger molecule formed in healthy vascular endothelium from the amino acid precursor L‐arginine. Endothelial dysfunction is caused by various cardiovascular risk factors, metabolic diseases, and systemic or local inflammation. One mechanism that explains the occurrence of endothelial dysfunction is the presence of elevated blood levels of asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA) – an L‐arginine analogue that inhibits NO formation and thereby can impair vascular function. Supplementation with L‐arginine has been shown to restore vascular function and to improve the clinical symptoms of various diseases associated with vascular dysfunction.
The early cellular and humoral immune response to primary and booster oral immunization with cholera toxin B subunit

The immune response to cholera toxin B subunit given orally was studied in 13 human volunteers. A serum IgG and IgA antitoxin response was observed, which was boosted by a second immunization. Using an immunospot assay, cells spontaneously secreting anti‐toxin IgG and IgA, but not IgM appeared transiently in the blood after immunization. There were 105 IgG‐ and 87 IgA‐secreting cells per 2 × 106 mononuclear cells 7 days after the first immunization, and 282 IgG‐ and 413 IgA‐secreting cells 5 days after the second immunization. A polyclonal increase in total IgM‐secreting cells was observed. Few anti‐toxinsecreting cells were observed in the bone marrow at the peak of the circulating cell response, which could be accounted for by contamination of the sample with peripheral blood, suggesting that the bone marrow is not a significant site of anti‐toxin‐secreting cells after oral immunization.
Modulation of GABAA Receptor Channels and Calcium Currents in Cultured Porcine Melanotrophs a

The endocrine cells of the intermediate lobe (IL) of the pituitary gland have been used in our and other laboratories in order to study the mechanisms involved in excitation-secretion coupling and their modulation by neurotransmitters. A number of other investigators have further used this system to correlate the Ca2+mediated secretory process as affected by neurotransmitters for investigating the mechanisms of hormone biosynthesis (for review, see Demeneix et af.' and Pelletier et a/. in this volume). The IL is composed of a relatively homogenous population of cells which express the proopiomelanocortin (POMC) gene and secrete mainly a-melanotropin (a-MSH) and @-endorphins. Their electrical and secretory activities are directly controlled by hypothalamic neurones, the terminals of which form synapses with IL cells. Among the best-described and functionally characterized inputs are those mediated by dopamine and y-aminobutyric acid (GABA). Both neurotransmitters exert a tonic inhibitory control on the electrical and secretory activities of these cells, which have been studied using biochemical and electrophysiological tools. Interestingly dopamine and GABA are often colocalized in nerve terminals2 corresponding to the A14 periventricular hypothalamic neurones. Dopamine has been shown to activate a D2 receptor subtype that is negatively coupled to adenylate cyclase3 via a GTP-binding p r ~ t e i n . ~ Activation of this receptor by dopamine inhibits a-MSH release3*' and CaZ' in melanotrophs. In the intact neurointermediate lobe (NIL) of the rat, synaptic release of doparnine, induced by electrical stimulation of the pituitary stalk, generates an inhibitory postsynaptic potential' and inhibits Ca2+ currents8 in IL cells. Activation of GABA, receptors in cultured IL cells9-" or in intact NILS' triggers a current carried by C1ions which underlies GABA-mediated inhibitory postsynaptic potentials. ' GABA, and GABA, receptors also participate in the inhibition of (r-MSH In addition to these
An application of nonlinear wavelet approximation to face recognition

In this paper we present an application of the nonlinear wavelet approximation to recognize faces. The advantages of the nonlinear wavelet approximation are compared with its linear counterpart. An efficient scheme in applying the nonlinear wavelet transform to face recognition is presented. Experiments using the Yale Face Library show very encouraging recognition results and demonstrate that this method has the desirable property of being insensitive to facial expressions.
Pain assessment in the older population: what the literature says

Assessment of pain in the older adult presents a number of challenges, especially related to communication. This commentary summarises the revised evidence-based Guidelines on the Assessment of Pain in Older Adults which have been developed by the British Pain Society and British Geriatrics Society. The guideline summarises the pain assessment tools that have been developed and validated for use in the older population. Recommendations are made for use of specific tools in older people and in those with dementia. The need for education and training of health care professionals is emphasised. Gaps in the evidence are identified as subjects for future research. It is hoped that the guideline will improve recognition of pain in older people, and help to drive the future research agenda.
New roles for mean platelet volume measurement in the clinical practice?

Abstract Several hundreds of studies recently investigated mean platelet volume (MPV) as measured by electronic cell counters in a wide variety of acquired diseases, and most of them found that platelet size was significantly increased with respect to healthy subjects. On this basis, it has been suggested that MPV can be used for diagnostic purposes. Moreover, investigation of subjects with arterial thrombosis not only revealed that their platelets were larger than those of controls, but also found that a high MPV predicted poor prognosis. Despite the large amount of available data, the pathogenesis of increased platelet size in these conditions is unclear. In particular, we do not know whether the increased platelet size is the cause or the consequence of thrombosis. Differences in MPV between patients and controls are usually very small and they reach the statistical significance because of the large number of investigated patients and the standardized methodology for MPV measurement. In real life, the wide variability of MPV possibly due to platelet count, sex, age, and ethnicity, as well as the very poor standardization of the methodologies used for MPV measurement, makes it impossible to decide whether an individual patient has normal or instead slightly increased MPV. So, MPV has presently no role in making diagnosis and defining prognosis in any acquired illness.
Involvement of c-Jun N-terminal kinase and p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase in alpha1B-adrenergic receptor/Galphaq-induced inhibition of cell proliferation.

Certain G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) stimulate the activities of c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) and p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK), members of the MAPK family. We investigated the role of JNK and p38 MAPK activation induced by the alpha1B-adrenergic receptor in the proliferation of human embryonic kidney 293T cells. Activation of the alpha1B-adrenergic receptor resulted in inhibition of cell proliferation. This receptor-induced inhibition of proliferation was blocked by a kinase-deficient MKK4 and by the p38 MAPK inhibitor SB203580. Additionally, transfection of constitutively activated Galphaq into cells also led to inhibition of proliferation in a JNK- and p38 MAPK-dependent manner. These results demonstrate that the alpha1B-adrenergic receptor/Galphaq signaling inhibits cell proliferation through pathways involving JNK and p38 MAPK.
Optical flow from an extended frame sequence

A technique for computing optical flow from an extended (more than two) sequence of images is proposed. The technique explicitly exploits the additional information present in the extended frame sequence by utilizing the smoothness of trajectory of brightness points as a constraint. Optical flow estimation is formulated as an optimization problem which requires the minimization of a cost function involving the data conservation error and the deviation from the smoothness of brightness trajectory over the entire spatiotemporal volume. An alternative formulation as a Bayesian maximum a posteriori (MAP) probability estimation problem is shown. The corresponding distribution is shown to be a Gibbs distribution (equivalently a Markov random field). The most probable velocity state is then found by a stochastic relaxation algorithm capable of handling discontinuities in the motion field. <<ETX>>
Chemical composition of the body

In order to fully understand the mechanisms of human physiology it is important to have an understanding of the chemical composition of the body. This will come in handy when considering the various interactions between cells and structures. We will gloss over the basic chemistry; however, if there are specific questions with regards to chemistry and its effect on biological function feel free to ask on the forum.
Dynamic models of some physiological parameters in response to exercise

The study of physiological parameters dynamic is currently the main area of research in exercise physiology. Finding dynamical models of heart rate, oxygen uptake, pulmonary ventilation and other parameters is fundamental for training methodology in sport, as well as for our knowledge of cardiorespiratory health. The present work demonstrates the application of dynamic systems models to the simulation of heart rate kinetics and oxygen consumption during workloads of time-varying intensity. The use of modern mathematical methods of analysis such as the model parameters estimation could be beneficial for understanding the relationship between the physiological responses to load and/or athletic performance, for identifying certain features in the physiological time series. As a result, the application of such methods for analysis and modeling will have a large impact not only on the development and better understanding training methodology and the testing data of athletes but also in the area of exercise medicine.
Ractopamine for Pigs: A Review about Nutritional Requirements

Abstract: Heavy weight pigs tend to deposit greater quantities of fat than protein. To work around this situation, ractopamine has been used in the finishing stage. In environments with moderate temperatures, ractopamine in pig diets in the finishing phase may increase rates of weight gain and improve feed efficiency without affecting feed intake. Ractopamine increases needs of pigs in terms of lysine, phosphorus and energy. The effects of ractopamine in pigs raised under conditions of heat stress have been observed in weight gain, feed efficiency and muscle deposition rate, but not on reducing the amount of fat in pigs weighing between 95.0 and 120.0 kg. Ractopamine has promoted the increase in quantity of meat on the carcass, without altering flavor and tenderness. The weight of some organs is affected by the use of ractopamine, especially in animals under conditions of heat stress. There is need for more research relating to the effects of ractopamine with the welfare of pigs with at least 95.0 kg.
Design Optimization of a Double-Sided Hybrid Excited Linear Flux Switching PM Motor With Low Force Ripple

This paper describes design techniques for a doublesided hybrid excited linear flux switching permanent magnet motor to achieve low force ripple while satisfying the required average thrust force. In this paper, we employ auxiliary poles fixed to both sides of the mover and determine the switching signal turn-on angle to reduce the force ripple in the initial design. Then, the sensitivity analysis of two split ratios is conducted to provide a feasible search direction for the optimization process. Finally, a finite-element-based optimization is utilized to minimize the force ripple and to satisfy the required average thrust force. Simulation results are validated by experimental measurement.
Ionic Liquid assisted metal free decarboxylation of heteroaryl and aryl carboxylic acid derivatives under microwave irradiation

2.2 Significance of decarboxylation 2.2. 1 Role in biosynthetic pathways In the biochemical milieu, decarboxylation is a ubi quitous step for transformation of amino acids into various other secondary metabolites usin g specific enzymes termed decarboxylases [Liu and Zhang (2006)]. More importa ntly, nature has also employed decarboxylation as a central tool for linking metab olic pathways like glycolysis and citric acid cycle, whereby, pyruvate is decarboxylated int o acetyl CoA which subsequently enters the citric acid cycle (Figure 1) [Nelson and Cox (2 009)]. In this way, it commits pyruvate to enter the citric acid cycle, where it is either used as a substrate for oxidative phosphorylation, or is converted to citrate for exp ort to the cytosol.
An inductor-less ultra-compact transimpedance amplifier for 30 Gbps in 28 nm CMOS with high energy-efficiency

A transimpedace amplifier (TIA) for optical links with data rate (DR) of up to 30 Gbps is presented. The design uses several bandwidth and gain enhancement techniques such as regulated common-gate, transimpedance boosting by current injection, transimpedance/transadmittance feedback and active inductor. The design is realized in a 28 nm CMOS technology. Since the circuit does not use any passive planar inductor or other special radio frequency component the area is only 0.4 × 10-3 mm2 and is to our knowledge the smallest TIA reported to date in the 30 Gbps DR range. The measured bandwidth is 22 GHz with a power consumption of only 2 mW resulting in an energy efficiency of 0.067 pJ/bit. The gain of the TIA is approximately 43 dBΩ with only one stage. The TIA is suitable to be integrated into complex CMOS VLSI systems as an alternative to copper-based short-distance interconnects. An output buffer for 50 Ω matching was added to the output, allowing the measurement.
Alcohol use in motion pictures and its relation with early-onset teen drinking.

OBJECTIVE Little is known about the impact of viewing depictions of alcohol in entertainment media on adolescent drinking behavior. Our aims were to assess drinking in a sample of popular contemporary movies and to examine the association of movie alcohol exposure with early-onset drinking in an adolescent sample. METHOD We conducted a school-based cross-sectional survey (N=4655) with longitudinal follow-up of never-drinkers (N=2406) involving adolescents ages 10-14 years and recruited from 15 New Hampshire and Vermont schools. Screen depictions of alcohol use were timed for each of 601 popular contemporary movies. Each adolescent was asked if he/she had seen a unique list of 50 movie titles, randomly selected from the larger pool. Movie alcohol use was summed for movies the adolescent had seen, adjusted to reflect exposure to the larger pool and modeled as a continuous variable. RESULTS Ninety-two percent of the movies in the sample depicted drinking; median screen time for movie alcohol use was 2.5 minutes (interquartile range [IQR]: 0.9-5.0 minutes). Median exposure to movie alcohol use from the 601 movies was 8.6 hours (IQR: 4.6-13.5 hours). Overall 23.1% of the cross-sectional sample had tried alcohol, and 14.8% of initial nondrinkers had tried alcohol at the follow-up assessment. We found statistical evidence to support a curvilinear association between higher exposure to movie alcohol use and increased risk of prevalent and incident alcohol use, with a statistically significant linear and quadratic effect, and suggesting a higher dose-effect relationship at lower movie alcohol exposure levels compared to higher levels. The linear and the quadratic associations remained strong and significant in cross-sectional and prospective models after controlling for sociodemographics (grade in school, school, gender, parent education), personality characteristics of the adolescent (sensation seeking, rebelliousness, self-esteem), school performance, parenting style, and smoking experimentation, suggesting that exposure to movie alcohol use is an independent risk factor for early-onset alcohol use. CONCLUSIONS This study provides the first evidence for an association between exposure to movie alcohol use and early-onset teen drinking. The association is moderate in effect size and independent of a number of potential confounders. Because exposure to movie alcohol use is common, it may have important population implications as a potentially modifiable risk factor.
Additive value of “otosclerosis-weighted” images for the CT diagnosis of fenestral otosclerosis

Background Otosclerotic foci are usually seen as minute low-density lesions and this may be attributed to relatively low sensitivity on visual assessment using computed tomography (CT). Otosclerotic foci can be detected by using the accurate region of interest (ROI) setting, while small ROI settings by less-experienced radiologists may result in false negative findings. Purpose To evaluate the diagnostic ability of our proposed method (“otosclerosis-weighted” imaging [OWI]), which is based on reversing the density, compared with conventional CT (CCT) imaging alone. Material and Methods Temporal bone CTs of consecutive patients with otosclerosis were analyzed. Gender- and age-matched control participants were also included. All CT images were obtained using a 64-detector row scanner. OWI was obtained by extracting the temporal bone region using the threshold technique and reversing the density (black to white). Four independent radiologists took part in two reading sessions. In the first session, the observers read only CCT imaging. In the second session, they read OWI along with the CCT imaging. Sensitivity was assessed for the four readers. Results Thirty temporal bones of 25 patients with otosclerosis (3 men, 22 women; mean age, 53.9 ± 9.0 years) and 30 temporal bones of 30 control participants (4 men, 26 women; mean age, 44.0 ± 16.2 years) were included. For all observers, reading with a combination of the two methods was associated with a higher sensitivity (63.3–80.0%) than with conventional CT images alone (30.0–60.0%; P < 0.05, each). Conclusion Application of our proposed method based on threshold value may help detect foci of fenestral otosclerosis.
LIE GROUPS, LIE ALGEBRAS, AND APPLICATIONS IN PHYSICS

This paper introduces basic concepts from representation theory, Lie group, Lie algebra, and topology and their applications in physics, particularly, in particle physics. The main focus will be on matrix Lie groups, especially the special unitary groups and the special orthogonal groups. They play crucial roles in particle physics in modeling the symmetries of the subatomic particles. Of the many physical applications, the paper will introduce two concepts/phenomena known as ‘Isospin’ and ‘Eightfold Way’.