Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Zinc requirement of green gram (Vigna radiata)wheat (Triticum aestivum) crop sequence in alluvial soil

A field experiment was conducted during 200810 at Bichpuri, Agra on a zinc-deficient soil, to assess the direct and residual effect of different levels of applied Zn on yield of green gram [ Vigna radiata (L.) Wilczek] and wheat [ Tr iticum aestivum (L.) emend. Fiori & Paol. ] and uptake of nutrients by the crops and soil fertility under greengramwheat crop sequence. The experiment was laid out in randomized block design with 5 levels of zinc (0, 2.5, 5.0, 7.5 and 10.0 kg/ha) with 4 replications. An application of 5 kg Zn/ha to greengram recorded significantly highest plant height (53.5 cm), pods/plant (35.8), seeds/pod (12.8) and 1,000-grain weight (32.04 g). Zinc fertiliza- tion in preceding greengram crop at 7.5 kg was found to be best for growth and yield attributes of wheat. Green gram crop responded significantly up to 5 kg Zn/ha by producing 1,052 kg grain and 1,816 kg straw/ha. The re- sidual effect in wheat crop was significant at 7.5 kg Zn/ha and grain and straw yield increments were to the extent of 15.3 and 12.4% respectively. The content and yield of protein in both the crops increased significantly with an increase level of zinc. The uptake of Zn by both the crops increased significantly by increasing levels of zinc. A phenomenal increase in N and K uptake, except of P and S, was recorded in greengram and wheat crop due to in- creasing levels of zinc up to 5 and 7.5 kg/ha respectively. DTPA-extractable Zn was reduced in the control plot har- vesting of wheat. At higher levels of Zn, sufficient DTPA-extractable Zn (0.80 mg/kg) remained in the soil after growing 2 crops and further crops could be taken without the application of Zn. The values of efficiency indices de- creased with the increase in levels of zinc. Net returns and benefit: cost ratio were the highest with 5 kg Zn/ha in the greengram-wheat crop sequence.
Adsorption and Desorption of Atrazine, Hydroxyatrazine, and S-Glutathione Atrazine on Two Soils

Adsorption and desorption isotherms for atrazine and two metabolites, hydroxyatrazine (HA) and S-glutathione atrazine (GSHA), were determined by batch equilibration on Plano and Waukegan silt loam soils at two soil pH levels (Plano, 6.1 and 4.5; Waukegan, 6.1 and 4.0). Freundlich adsorption isotherms were not affected by soil type except for GSHA at pH 4.0 to 4.5. When averaged over both soils, the order of adsorption at pH 6.1 was atrazine (Kf = 3.7) < GSHA (Kf = 7.3) << HA (Kf = 25) and at pH 4.0–4.5 was atrazine (Kf = 6.1) << HA (Kf = 58) ≤ GSHA (Kf: Plano = 35; Waukegan = 78). The average slope of the adsorption isotherms (1/nads) was 0.81. The slopes of all desorption isotherms (1/ndes) were less than their respective 1/nads, indicating hysteresis. Atrazine desorbed into soil solution (1/ndes > 0.0). With the exception of GSHA which desorbed from the pH 6.1 Plano silt loam (1/ndes = 0.15), desorption of HA and GSHA from other treatments was negligible (1/ndes = 0.0). Consequently, leaching of HA and GSHA in these and similar soils is not likely, due to high adsorption and low desorption.
An immunohistochemical study of e-cadherin expression in primary oral squamous cell carcinoma and metastatic lymph node in a tertiary care centre

Background: Cancers arising from the oral cavity are mostly squamous cell carcinomas. E-cadherin is encoded by the CDH1 gene, helps in maintaining cell polarity and normal tissue architecture. loss of epithelial E-cadherin expression increases tumor invasiveness and metastasis. In the present study, the expression of epithelial E-cadherin in oral squamous cell carcinoma along with its grading is evaluated with immunohistochemical examination. Material and Method : Oral biopsy specimens received were fixed in 10% formaldehyde solution. Histological diagnosis was made on haematoxylin and eosin stained sections and expression of E cadherin is assessed by Immunohistochemistry. Results: In the present study out of 86 cases of OSCC, 57 were male and 29 were female with a M:F 1.9: 1. E-cadherin immunohistochemistry showed 4+ degree of expression in 15/51 (29%) cases in well differentiated carcinoma while in poorly differentiated carcinoma 4+ expression was showed only by 1/14 case. Differences in the expression of epithelial E-cadherin were statistically significant (p < 0.001) between all the histopathological grades. Any statistically significant association between the expressions of E-cadherin and clinicopathological variables such as age, sex, site and lymph node metastasis in OSCCs was not observed. Also, this study found no statistically significant association between OSCC with and without lymph node metastases and clinical variables like age, sex, site, and histological differentiation. Conclusion: Further research on E-cadherin and other related biomolecules can help us in early diagnosis and treatment of oral squamous cell carcinoma. expression: In all normal tissues, E-cadherin localized the epithelial cell throughout the whole thickness of the epithelium. In the present study, E-cadherin immunohistochemistry 4+ degree of in 15/51 (29%) cases and 3+ degree of expression in 20/51(39%) cases in well differentiated carcinoma, while in poorly differentiated carcinoma 4+ expression only by 1/14case only
The flatness problem and the age of the Universe

Several authors have made claims, none of which has been rebutted, that the flatness problem, as formulated by Dicke and Peebles, is not really a problem but rather a misunderstanding. Nevertheless, the flatness problem is still widely perceived to be real. Most of the arguments against the idea of a flatness problem are based on the change with time of the density parameter Ω and normalized cosmological constant λ and, since the Hubble constant H is not considered, are independent of time-scale. An independent claim is that fine-tuning is required in order to produce a Universe which neither collapsed after a short time nor expanded so quickly that no structure formation could take place. I show that this claim does not imply that fine-tuning of the basic cosmological parameters is necessary, in part for similar reasons as in the more restricted flatness problem and in part due to an incorrect application of the idea of perturbing the early Universe in a gedankenexperiment; I discuss some typical pitfalls of the latter.
Efficacy of the Ascure Smoking Cessation Program: Retrospective Study

Background Smoking cessation helps extend a healthy life span and reduces medical expenses. However, the standard 12-week smoking cessation program in Japan has several notable problems. First, only 30% of participants complete this program. Second, participants may choose not to participate unless they have a strong motivation to quit smoking, such as health problems. Third, the program does not provide enough support during the period between clinical visits and after 12 weeks. Objective This study examined the efficacy of the 24-week ascure program to address the problems of accessibility and continuous support. The program combines online mentoring, over-the-counter pharmacotherapy, and a smartphone app. Methods Using a retrospective study design, we investigated data for 177 adult smokers who were enrolled in the ascure smoking cessation program between August 2017 and August 2018. The primary outcomes were continuous abstinence rates (CARs) during weeks 9-12 and weeks 21-24. To confirm smoking status, we performed salivary cotinine testing at weeks 12 and 24. We also evaluated the program adherence rate. Finally, we performed exploratory analysis to determine the factors associated with continuous abstinence at weeks 21-24 to provide insights for assisting with long-term continuous abstinence. Results The CARs of all participants for weeks 9-12 and weeks 21-24 were 48.6% (95% CI 41.2-56.0) and 47.5% (95% CI 40.0-54.8), respectively. Program adherence rates were relatively high throughout (72% at week 12 and 60% at week 24). In the analysis of the factors related to the CAR at weeks 21-24, the number of entries in the app’s digital diary and number of educational videos watched during the first 12 weeks were significant factors. Conclusions The ascure program achieved favorable CARs, and participants showed high adherence. Proactive usage of the smartphone app may help contribute to smoking cessation success in the long-term.
Nutritional and sensory evaluation of carrot flour-incorporated complementary food mixtures for infants

Complementary foods are foods other than breast milk or infant formula introduced to an infant to provide nutrients. The present research was carried out to formulate a low cost complementary food that provides recommended levels of protein, vitamin and minerals for children less than two years old. The complementary food mixtures (CFM) were prepared from unpolished parboiled red rice (UPRR), germinated green gram (GG) and carrot flour (CF) in the ratios of 100:00:00, 80:10:10, 70:20:10, 60:30:10, 50:40:10 and 40:50:10, respectively. The mixtures were analyzed for nutritional qualities such as moisture, ash, protein, fat, fiber and β-carotene, organoleptic characteristics of colour, texture, taste, aroma and overall acceptability and microbial studies to assess the suitability of these CFMs for consumption and its shelf life. The compositional analysis of the CFM revealed that the moisture, ash, protein and fiber content increased from 5.67 to 6.38%, 1.14 to 2.57%, 8.63 to 16.87% and 0.52 to 2.15%, while fat and β-carotene content decreased from 2.83 to 1.86% and 31.45 to 29.37% respectively with the increasing of the GG flour from 10 to 50%. The sensory assessment showed that, there were significant differences (p<0.05) among the treatments and the CFM formulated with 30% GG flour was well acceptable in terms of colour, texture, taste, aroma and overall acceptability compared to other treatments. There were no total plate counts observed in the formulated CFMs. The mixture of 60% UPRR, 30% GG and 10% CF is found to be superior based on the quality characteristics and could be suitable for consumption up to 14 weeks without any significant changes in the quality.
Assessing in vitro germination and seedling growth of tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) cv KC-1 in response to polyethylene glycol-induced water stress

Polyethylene glycol (PEG) is a high molecular weight osmoticum, which can be used to induce water stress artificially in a nutrient medium. An experiment was conducted with four concentrations of polyethylene glycol namely 30 g/L, 60 g/L, 90 g/L with a control to study the effect of PEG on seed germination and seedling performance of tomato cv. KC-1. The experiment was laid out on a complete randomized design (CRD) with six replicates. Data was analyzed using the regression and Pearson correlation analysis. The PEG concentrations fortified to the culture media had significant negative relationships (p<0.0001) for all estimated parameters such as shoot length, root length, fresh weight, dry weight, chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, total chlorophyll content of the in vitro grown tomato seedlings. The MS media fortified with 0 mg/L PEG treatment (control) exhibited better seed germination percentage (87.8%) and seedling performance, while the minimum value of seed germination (21.9%) was noted under 90 g/L PEG treatment at 20 days after culture. In control PEG treatment, high values were noted for shoot length (2.88 cm), root length (1.67 cm), fresh weight (60.37 mg), dry weight (8.93 mg), chlorophyll a (1.38 mg/g), chlorophyll b (0.48 mg/g), total chlorophyll content (1.86 mg/g) after 4 weeks of culture. The decreased in seed germination and seedling growth rate probably due to lower the water potential of the culture media by supplement with the PEG into the MS medium fortified with 2 mg/L BAP. In vitro germination and seedling growth were considerably reduced on 60 g/L and 90 g/L PEG concentrations.
THE ORIENTATION OF HORSE FLIES AND DEER FLIES (TABANIDAE, DIPTERA):

Tabanid flies display an exceptionally strong tendency to orientate to and congregate in enclosures which accumulate heat during daylight. In order to study this behaviour to the best advantage and perhaps also to exploit it toward practical control a “helio‐thermal” trap was designed and tested. This trap converts solar radiation to heat and is so designed that tabanids collect in a killing bottle. A number of ecological, ethological and practical applications of the trap are discussed in the light of data obtained to date.
Variation in egg and adult production of Callosobruchus maculatus (F.) and Callosobruchus chinensis (L.) and the effect of egg density and oviposition site limitation

Variation in egg and adult production in Yemen and Brazil strains of C. maculatus and Indonesian strain of C. chinensis was investigated on cowpea (Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp), greengram (Vigna radiata (L.) Wilczek) and adzuki beans (Phaseolus angularis (Willd) Wight). Seed density and the host species influenced the egg and adult production of these strains to varying degrees. The decline in egg production was most notable in Cmaculatus Yemen strain when the host seeds available for oviposition was limited. However, the egg production of Brazil strain ofCmaculatus and the Indonesian strain of C. chinensis was not affected significantly by the seed size or seed density. Larvae of C. maculatus Yemen strain face more intense competition within the seeds due to their larger body size. Thus the females of C. maculatus Yemen strain tend to load eggs in relation to seed size and seed density, thereby regulating the larval competition and maximizing the individual fitness. Of the three host species, cowpea is the most suitable food substrate for adult production. The females emerged from adzuki beans were lower in body size indicating its inferiority as a food substrate.
Strengths and Weaknesses of Dosimetry Used in Studies of Low-Dose Radiation Exposure and Cancer.

BACKGROUND A monograph systematically evaluating recent evidence on the dose-response relationship between low-dose ionizing radiation exposure and cancer risk required a critical appraisal of dosimetry methods in 26 potentially informative studies. METHODS The relevant literature included studies published in 2006-2017. Studies comprised case-control and cohort designs examining populations predominantly exposed to sparsely ionizing radiation, mostly from external sources, resulting in average doses of no more than 100 mGy. At least two dosimetrists reviewed each study and appraised the strengths and weaknesses of the dosimetry systems used, including assessment of sources and effects of dose estimation error. An overarching concern was whether dose error might cause the spurious appearance of a dose-response where none was present. RESULTS The review included 8 environmental, 4 medical, and 14 occupational studies that varied in properties relative to evaluation criteria. Treatment of dose estimation error also varied among studies, although few conducted a comprehensive evaluation. Six studies appeared to have known or suspected biases in dose estimates. The potential for these biases to cause a spurious dose-response association was constrained to three case-control studies that relied extensively on information gathered in interviews conducted after case ascertainment. CONCLUSIONS The potential for spurious dose-response associations from dose information appeared limited to case-control studies vulnerable to recall errors that may be differential by case status. Otherwise, risk estimates appeared reasonably free of a substantial bias from dose estimation error. Future studies would benefit from a comprehensive evaluation of dose estimation errors, including methods accounting for their potential effects on dose-response associations.
Grassland bird abundance and habitat quality, and Sedge Wren (Cistothorus platensis) ecology on Fort Drum, New York

1 Grassland bird abundance and habitat quality, and Sedge Wren (Cistothorus platensis) ecology on Fort Drum, New York General Introduction: 2 Background: 2 Grassland history in New York State: 4 Management of grassland birds and their habitats: 5 Literature Cited: 9 Grassland bird abundance and habitat quality on Fort Drum Introduction: 17 Objectives: 18 Study site: 19 Methods: 20 Grassland birds: 20
Medical image Synthesis with improved Deep Convolutional Bi-Generative Adversarial Network Aided Genetic Algorithm

In different clinical applications, important role is played by Medical imaging. Acquisition of various image models are limited by radiation lose and cost considerations. Desired image modality are estimated by medical image synthesis without original scan. To address this issues, generative adversarial method is proposed in this research. For a given source image, target image is generated by training fully convolutional network (FCN). Better model of FCN is obtained by using adversarial learning method. Mapping of source to target imaging is done in an effective way by this and highly accurate target images are produced by this. Generation of target images with blurring is avoided by incorporating loss function with image-gradient-difference in the design of FCN. Network is trained using Long-term residual unit. Deep convolutional adversarial network with context awareness is created by applying Auto-Context Model (ACM). Deep Convolutional GA connected with bi-generative adversarial network (DC-Bi-GAN) is implemented for synthesizing images. From source images, target images are accurately synthesized by proposed model and it is more robust as shown by results of experimentation. From MRI, CT is generated and from 3T MRI, 7T MRI are generated using this model with three datasets. In all task and dataset, superior results are produced by proposed model.
Contrasting Autonomic and Cardiovascular Phenotypes in ASIC1a and ASIC2 deficient mice

Members of the acid‐sensing ion channel (ASIC) family are differentially expressed in subpopulations of sensory and central neurons and have been implicated in a variety of neuronal functions. We recently demonstrated that mice deficient in ASIC2, a subunit implicated in mechanotransduction, exhibit baroreflex and autonomic dysfunction, and hypertension (FASEB J 20:2006). The goals of the present study were to characterize autonomic and cardiovascular phenotypes in conscious ASIC1a−/− mice and compare the results to those obtained in ASIC2−/− mice. Arterial blood pressure (BP), heart rate (HR), and locomotor activity were measured by radio‐telemetry (DSI) in the mouse home cage. Mean BP and HR (24 hr avg.), cardiac sympathetic tone (HR response to propranolol), and sympathetic vasomotor tone (BP response to ganglionic blocker chlorisondamine) were all significantly higher in ASIC2−/− (n=5–7), but not different in ASIC1a−/− (n=7) vs. wild‐type (WT, n=7) mice (Table, *P<0.05).
COMPARISON BETWEEN MAXILLARY SINUS LIFTING IN COMBINATION WITH IMPLANT PLACEMENT WITH VERSUS WITHOUT BONE GRAFTS (CLINICAL AND RADIOGRAPHIC STUDY)

Objective: The current study assessed the success of infiltration anesthesia versus inferior alveolar nerve block (IANB) anesthesia during (mobile and non-vital) teeth extraction in posterior mandible. Materials and methods: In a prospective study, 120 patients were included to extract one tooth for each patient in the posterior mandible under local anesthesia either by local infiltration = 60 (18 males, 42 females); or IANB = 60 (32 males, 28 females). Comparing anesthetic success rate of the two techniques and time until onset of anesthetic action (min). Results: IANB was successful in 100% of the patients, where infiltration anesthesia succeeded in 85%. In addition, duration until onset of action was found to be equal with p =(0.7) Conclusion: Infiltration technique offers a simpler substitute with less complication compared to IANB in establishing effective anesthesia for mandibular mobile and non-vital posterior teeth during intra-alveolar dental extractions.
Ultrastructure of the haemocytes of Ixodes scapularis (Acari: Ixodidae)

Les hemocytes d'Ixodes scapularis ont ete caracterises par leur ultrastructure en microscopie electronique. Trois types d'hemocytes ont ete identifies: les prohemocytes, plasmatocytes et granulocytes. Les prohemocytes sont des cellules indifferenciees presentant un rapport nucleo-cytoplasmique eleve. Les plasmatocytes sont caracterises par de nombreux ribosomes libres, des mitochondries, du reticulum endoplasmique rugueux et des vacuoles peripheriques. Les granulocytes sont polymorphes, avec beaucoup de granules et des filopodes Les granulocytes sont subdivises en deux types morphologiques, types I et II. Cette subdivision est basee sur la structure fine des granules.
Supplementary value of varying levels of red gram (Cajanus cajan) to poor diets based on rice and ragi.

The diets consumed by a large majority of the population in the developing countries are based on cereals and millets, roots and tubers and certain small amounts of legumes and negligible amounts of milk and other animal foods'. Such diets are deficient in protein, certain vitamins and minerals and do not promote optimal growth of children. ' In view of the practical difficulties involved in increasing milk production in these countries, attempts are being made to use processed protein foods based on plant proteins viz. oilseed meals and legumes and fortified with essential vitamins and minerals as supplements to the diets of children. ' Legumes are cultivated in large quantities in several countries, and it is possible to increase their production and use them as supplements to human diets. " Since cereal diets are in general deficient in proteins. calcium, vitamin A and riboflavin it is of interest to find out the supplementary value of varying levels of legumes (with or without added vitamins and minerals) to these diets. The present paper describes the results of studies on the supplementary value of varying levels of red gram dhal (with or without vitamins and minerals) to poor diets based on rice and ragi.
Computer‐Assisted Language Learning Effectiveness Research

It seems like a simple enough question: Is computer-assisted language learning effective for language learning? Indeed, researchers address this question in a variety of ways, but most language teachers and researchers would point out that the question is considerably more complex than it first appears. Keywords: CALL; computer mediated communication; language teaching; research methods in applied linguistics; evaluation; language learning technology
A Novel Technique for Eliminating Parameter Initialization in Clustering

This study revealed the results of simulating the techniques for eliminate cluster initialization in clustering through series of test of different clustering techniques. Clusters of similar database schema from heterogeneous data sources was successfully clustered at an improved accuracy of 93.33%. The accuracy of clusters using self-organizing map neural network (SOM) was improved by implementing the two-step clustering method prior to SOM with an accuracy of 93.33 percent, an increase of 6.33% from the clustering result of SOM. Agglomerative clustering with hierarchical clustering are best combined to come-up with an automatic clustering task, thus, initialization was eliminated. Keywords: clustering, agglomerative clustering, hierarchical clustering, self-organizing map neural networks