Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Breast Massage, Implant Displacement, and Prevention of Capsular Contracture After Breast Augmentation With Implants: A Review of the Literature

Objective: Capsular contracture, the most common complication following breast augmentation with implants, is a complex inflammatory reaction that ultimately leads to fibrosis at the contact site between the implant and tissue. A number of peri-, pre-, and postoperative techniques have been postulated and implemented by many surgeons to reduce the incidence of capsular contracture. Breast massage and implant displacement technique is a commonly recommended practice that has not been well studied in regard to capsular contracture prevention. The authors present a review of the literature addressing methods and efficacy of massage and implant displacement techniques after breast augmentation. Methods: A literature review was performed using PubMed and the Cochrane Collaboration Library for primary research articles on breast massage or implant displacement after breast augmentation with implants for breast contracture prevention between January 1975 and March 2017. Exclusion criteria were studies that were focused on the treatment rather than prevention of breast contracture, addressed other strategies of preventing contracture as the main focus, or did not report the number of patients studied. Information related to massage technique and capsular contracture outcomes was extracted. Results: The literature search yielded 4 relevant studies, with a total of 587 patients. Outcomes evaluated included massage technique, onset of massage, frequency of massage, and incidence of capsular contracture. Breast massage was introduced between 2 days and 2 weeks postoperatively, performed twice daily, and lasted from 2 to 5 minutes for each breast. Final postoperative follow-up concluded between 6 and 36 months. The average capsular contracture rate was similar, 31% (range, 0-35) in the massage group versus 40% (range, 30-90) in the nonmassage group. Conclusions: While multiple techniques have been proposed and practiced in the prevention of capsular contracture, breast massage and implant displacement techniques remain controversial. While there is a method to measure adequacy of breast massage pressure, it is not widely utilized. The available data do not support breast massage to prevent capsular contracture; more studies with standardized techniques are needed to better assess the efficacy of breast massage in preventing capsular contracture.
Identification of 2-Aminothiazolobenzazepine Metabolites in Human, Rat, Dog, and Monkey Microsomes by Ion-Molecule Reactions in Linear Quadrupole Ion Trap Mass Spectrometry

2-Aminothiazolobenzazepine (2-ATBA), 7-[(1-methyl-1H-pyrazol-4-yl)methyl]-6,7,8,9-tetrahydro-5H-[1,3]thiazolo[4,5-h][3]benzazepin-2-amine, is a D2 partial agonist that has demonstrated antipsychotic effects in a rodent in vivo efficacy model. The metabolite profile showed that 2-ATBA is mainly metabolized by oxidation. However, identification of the oxidation site(s) in the 2-aminothiazole group presents a challenge for the traditional metabolite identification methods such as liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry and NMR due to the lack of unique tandem mass spectrometry fragmentation patterns for ions with the 2-aminothiazole group oxidized at different sites and the lack of stability for purification or reference standard synthesis. We describe the characterization of the oxidized heteroatoms of the 2-aminothiazole group via gas-phase ion-molecule reactions (GPIMR) in a modified linear quadrupole ion trap mass spectrometer. The GPIMR reagents used were dimethyl disulfide, tert-butyl peroxide, and tri(dimethylamino)borane. Each reagent was introduced into the ion trap through the helium line and was allowed to react with the protonated metabolites. The ionic ion-molecule reaction products and their fragmentation profiles were compared with the profiles of the ionic ion-molecule reaction products of protonated reference compounds that had specific heteroatom functionalities. The oxidized 2-aminothiazole metabolite of 2-ATBA showed a similar GPIMR profile to that of the reference compounds with a tertiary N-oxide functionality and distinct from the profiles of the reference compounds with N-aryl hydroxylamine, nitroso, or pyridine N-oxide functionalities. This study demonstrates the feasibility of fingerprinting the chemical nature of oxidized nitrogen functional groups via GPIMR profiling for metabolite structure elucidation.
Vitamin D in pediatric gastrointestinal disease

Purpose of review The purpose of this review is to examine the prevalence of vitamin D deficiency in pediatric gastrointestinal disease, specifically celiac disease and inflammatory bowel disease (IBD); to discuss the role of vitamin D and its deficiency in gastrointestinal disease pathophysiology; and to present current literature regarding diagnosis and treatment of vitamin D deficiency in these pediatric gastrointestinal diseases. Recent findings Vitamin D deficiency is common in children with gastrointestinal symptoms and disease processes. In celiac disease, vitamin D status should be routinely assessed at the time of diagnosis and during subsequent follow up if deficient. There is growing evidence to suggest an inverse association between vitamin D and IBD activity; however, the therapeutic role of vitamin D in IBD patients requires further investigation. Summary Suboptimal vitamin D status commonly occurs in children with gastrointestinal disease. It is advisable to check serum 25-hydroxy vitamin D levels in children with newly diagnosed celiac disease and IBD. In celiac disease, vitamin D status should be assessed during subsequent follow up if deficient. In IBD, 25-hydroxy vitamin D levels should be checked at least yearly. Therapy should be provided to maintain a level of greater than 30 ng/ml but less than 100 ng/ml; however, the ideal vitamin D dosing regimen to treat vitamin D deficiency and to maintain this optimum level remains unknown. The role of vitamin D as a therapeutic agent in IBD is still under investigation.
Control of the Metal Rolling Process: A Multidimensional System Approach

The metal-rotting process is modelled as a delay differential system with noncommensurate delays. Stability conditions for delay differential systems have been recently developed using asymptotic stability tests and the Lyapunov approach. These results are applied to the stability analysis and stabilization of the metal rolling process. Conditions on the gains of finite dimensional controllers such as proportional plus derivative controllers are developed to ensure the stability of the controlled process against delay variations.
Early renin–angiotensin system inhibition induced renal deterioration may be a predictor for long-term cardiorenal outcomes

Commentary on: Schmidt M, Mansfield KE, Bhaskaran K, et al . Serum creatinine elevation after renin–angiotensin system blockade and long term cardiorenal risks: cohort study. BMJ 2017;356: j791. An increase in serum creatinine level may occur in the first 2 weeks that follow ACE inhibitor (ACEI)/angiotensin receptor blocker (ARB) therapy as a consequence of lowering intraglomerular pressure. Such renal impairment at baseline should stabilise within 2–4 weeks assuming normal volume and sodium intake. Renal function might deteriorate further when increasing the dose of diuretics, initiation of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) or development of volume depletion from non-diuretic-induced causes such as gastroenteritis.1 Most guidelines recommend monitoring and stopping the treatment, if there is a creatinine increase of 30% or more. Recent studies have shown that ACEI and ARBs may be particularly effective in lowering the incidence of cardiovascular events.2 This study examined the incidence of cardiorenal events in ACEI/ARB …
Formal Concept Analysis Applied to Professional Social Networks Analysis

From the recent proliferation of online social networks, a set of specific type of social network is attracting more and more interest from people all around the world. It is professional social networks, where the users’ interest is oriented to business. The behavior analysis of this type of user can generate knowledge about competences that people have been developed in their professional career. In this scenario, and considering the available amount of information in professional social networks, it has been fundamental the adoption of effective computational methods to analyze these networks. The formal concept analysis (FCA) has been a effective technique tosocial network analysis (SNA) , because it allows identify conceptual structures in data sets, through conceptual lattice and implication rules. Particularly, a specific set of implications rules, know as proper implications, can represent the minimum set of conditions to reach a specific goal. In this work, we proposed a FCA-based approach to identify relations among professional competences through proper implications. The experimental results, with professional profiles from LinkedIn and proper implications extracted fromPropImalgorithm, shows the minimum sets of skills that is necessary to reach job positions.
Image denoising by independent component analysis based on dyadic wavelet transform

Based on the dyadic wavelet transform, the threshold and threshold function are obtained adaptive with the decomposition of the dyadic wavelet coefficient by to improve of the lower bound error the noise threshold, and layered processing for threshold function. The noise mixed image was separated denoising by independent component analysis. Experiments show that the proposed method improves the signal-to-noise rate. Moreover, It's better the image precision.
The role of radiosurgery in patients with brain metastasis from small cell lung carcinoma.

OBJECTIVE The purpose of this retrospective study was to evaluate the outcome of gamma knife radiosurgery (GKRS) and/or whole brain radiation therapy (WBRT) for the treatment of small cell lung carcinoma (SCLC) metastasis to the brain. METHODS From 2000 to 2010, 50 patients underwent GKRS for metastatic brain lesions originating from SCLC. Among these patients, 11 received prophylactic cranial irradiation (PCI) before the development of metastatic lesions (PCI group), and GKRS was performed as an initial treatment for newly diagnosed lesions in 12 patients who had not received PCI (primary GKRS group). In addition, GKRS was performed as a salvage treatment for progressive lesions after WBRT in 27 patients (salvage GKRS group). The medical records and imaging data of all patients were retrospectively analyzed. RESULTS The overall survival of the 50 patients was 20.8 months (range 1-53) after the diagnosis of primary tumor and 12.0 months (range 1-47) after the development of cerebral metastasis. Median survival after GKRS was 4.8 months (range 1-15) in the PCI group, 4.6 months (range 0-18) in the primary GKRS group, and 7.6 months (range 0-33) in the salvage GKRS group. Further treatment for progressive lesions after GKRS was necessary in 15 patients, after a mean interval of 3.8 months. Causes of death were systemic organ failure in 15 patients, deterioration of neurological state in 13 patients, and unknown or combined causes in 16 patients. The local control rate of the lesions treated with GKRS was 76.4% (decreased in 13 patients and stable in 16 patients at the final imaging follow-up (mean 5.60 months). CONCLUSION GKRS is an effective local treatment for brain metastasis from SCLC both as an initial treatment for newly diagnosed lesions after PCI and as a salvage treatment for recurrent or progressive lesions. However, the survival benefit is not significant because most patients die of systemic multi-organ failure with a short life expectancy.
Internal cavities and buried waters in globular proteins.

A fast algorithm that detects internal cavities in proteins and predicts the positions of buried water molecules is described. The cavities are characterized in terms of volume, surface area, polarity, and the presence of bound waters. The algorithm is applied to 12 proteins whose structures are known to high resolution and successfully predicts the locations of over 80% of internal water molecules. Most proteins are found to have a number of internal cavities ranging in volume from 10 to 180 A3. Some of these cavities contain water and some do not, with the probability of containing a buried water increasing with cavity size. However, many large cavities are found to be empty (i.e., they do not contain a crystallographically determined water). For multidomain proteins over half of the total cavity volume is at the interdomain interface. Possible implications for the energetics of cavity formation and for the functional role of internal cavities are discussed.
A Conceptual Approach to the Patient with Metabolic Acidosis

We shall illustrate that management of patients with an acid-base disorder could be improved if the acid-base analysis was based on a better understanding of basic concepts of physiology. Three concepts of acid-base physiology and their clinical implications are emphasized in a patient with diabetic ketoacidosis. First, when an acid is produced from neutral precursors in the body, there is a net increase in the number of hydrogen ions (H<sup>+</sup>) and new anions. The corollary is that H<sup>+</sup> will be removed when the accompanying anion is metabolized to a neutral end-product or is excreted in the urine with H<sup>+</sup> or ammonium (NH<sub>4</sub><sup>+</sup>). Second, buffering of H<sup>+</sup> is beneficial if H<sup>+</sup> are removed by bicarbonate rather than being able to bind to proteins. This latter function depends on having a low tissue PCO<sub>2</sub>, due to a combination of hyperventilation plus an adequate blood flow rate to vital organs. Third, the kidneys add new bicarbonate to the body when NH<sub>4</sub><sup>+</sup> is excreted with chloride ions.
Methanobacterium thermoautotrophicum RNA Polymerase and Transcription In Vitro

ABSTRACT RNA polymerase (RNAP) purified from Methanobacterium thermoautotrophicum ΔH has been shown to initiate transcription accurately in vitro from the hmtB archaeal histone promoter with either native or recombinant forms of the M. thermoautotrophicum TATA-binding protein and transcription factor TFB. Efforts to obtain transcription initiation from hydrogen-regulated methane gene promoters were, however, unsuccessful. Two previously unrecognized archaeal RNAP subunits have been identified, and complex formation by the M. thermoautotrophicum RNAP and TFB has been demonstrated.
Effect of citrate anticoagulants on factor VIII levels in plasma

The citrate anticoagulants used during blood collection have been developed for their benefits to red cells. The concentrations in which they are used are strictly regulated in the United States: citrate‐ phosphate‐dextrose‐adenine (CPDA) is used in a 1:8 ratio for the collection of whole blood, whereas 4 percent sodium citrate (NaCit) is used in a 1:10 ratio for manual plasmapheresis. Acid‐citrate‐dextrose formula A (ACD‐A) or formula B (ACD‐B) and NaCit are commonly used in a 1:12 or 1:15 ratio during automated plasmapheresis. These anticoagulants have different initial and final pH values and citrate concentrations and different effects on the recovery of factor VIII (FVIII) in the plasma. NaCit has a higher initial pH (6.64) than ACD‐A (4.98), ACD‐B (5.60), or CPDA (5.12). The effects of these different anticoagulants on plasma constituents obtained from six healthy subjects were studied. In standard citrate concentrations, the FVIII level was significantly lower (p < 0.05) in the NaCit used for manual plasmapheresis than in either of the ACD solutions used in automated plasmapheresis (104 U/dl vs. 153 and 160 U/dl). When various ratios of NaCit to blood were used, the pH increased from 7.62 at a 1:10 dilution to 7.65 at a 1:50 dilution. As expected, a progressive decrease in anticoagulant level was associated with an increase in ionized calcium and also in the level of FVIII, with the latter values rising from 104 U per dl at 1:10 to 137 at 1:20 and 148 U per dl at 1:30. Clot formation was detected only at a ratio of 1:35. The results indicate that maximal FVIII recovery occurred at anticoagulant concentrations far below those used in current practice in North America. Reduction of anticoagulant‐to‐blood ratios to half of the currently accepted values for ACD‐A, CPDA, and NaCit would increase the amount of FVIII available for fractionation.
Effects of endurance training on resting and post-exercise cardiac autonomic control.

PURPOSE Endurance training induces reductions in both resting and postexercise heart rate (HR). If adaptation in cardiac autonomic regulation is a contributing factor in these reductions, changes in cardiac autonomic nervous system (ANS) should correspond to those in HR during an endurance-training program. We investigated the changes in resting and postexercise HR variabilities (both in the time and frequency domain) over a 6-wk training program. METHODS HR variability was measured five times in an endurance-training group (N = 7) and four times in a control group (N = 5) during the course of study. RESULTS Endurance training decreased HR and increased indices of parasympathetic modulation measured both at rest and during postexercise recovery periods. Noteworthy is that no changes in either HR or indices of ANS modulation measured during postexercise recovery periods were detectable after the first 7 d of the study despite continued changes in resting HR and indices in ANS modulation measured between the 7th and 42nd days of the endurance-training program. CONCLUSIONS The study demonstrates that with endurance-training changes in cardiac ANS modulation partly contribute to a decrease in HR at rest and during postexercise recovery period, and that adaptation of the cardiac autonomic control occurs sooner in immediate postexercise periods than at rest.
RNA-binding proteins ZFP36L1 and ZFP36L2 promote cell quiescence

Reducing the risk of rearrangement As lymphocytes develop, they rearrange their antigen receptor genes and proliferate extensively, potentially putting their genomes at risk. Galloway et al. found that two RNA-binding proteins, ZFP36L1 and ZFP36L2, ensure careful entry and exit into the cell cycle. This helps developing B lymphocytes maintain their genomic integrity. Mice deficient in ZFP36L1 and ZFP36L2 exhibited a profound block in B cell development. ZFP36L1 and ZFP36L2 suppress mRNAs that help B cells progress through the cell cycle, ensuring that cells can enter quiescence and keep their genomes safe when they undergo the risky process of rearranging their antigen receptors. Science, this issue p. 453 RNA-binding proteins enforce quiescence on developing lymphocytes by suppressing cell cycle progression. Progression through the stages of lymphocyte development requires coordination of the cell cycle. Such coordination ensures genomic integrity while cells somatically rearrange their antigen receptor genes [in a process called variable-diversity-joining (VDJ) recombination] and, upon successful rearrangement, expands the pools of progenitor lymphocytes. Here we show that in developing B lymphocytes, the RNA-binding proteins (RBPs) ZFP36L1 and ZFP36L2 are critical for maintaining quiescence before precursor B cell receptor (pre-BCR) expression and for reestablishing quiescence after pre-BCR–induced expansion. These RBPs suppress an evolutionarily conserved posttranscriptional regulon consisting of messenger RNAs whose protein products cooperatively promote transition into the S phase of the cell cycle. This mechanism promotes VDJ recombination and effective selection of cells expressing immunoglobulin-μ at the pre-BCR checkpoint.
Factors restricting the range expansion of the invasive green anole Anolis carolinensis on Okinawa Island, Japan

Abstract The green anole Anolis carolinensis invaded the Ogasawara Islands in Japan, drove various native species to extinction, and its distribution expanded 14 years after initial establishment. A. carolinensis invaded Okinawa Island, but it has not expanded its distribution in more than 25 years, although its density is extremely high in the southern region. To determine whether A. carolinensis has the potential to expand its distribution on Okinawa Island, we performed phylogenetic analysis of mitochondrial ND2 DNA sequences to study the origin of A. carolinensis that invaded Okinawa Island. We further used a species distribution model (MaxEnt) based on the distribution of native populations in North America to identify ecologically suitable areas on Okinawa Island. Nucleotide sequence analysis shows that the invader A. carolinensis originated in the western part of the Gulf Coast and inland areas of the United States and that a portion of the anoles on Okinawa was not introduced via the Ogasawara Islands. The MaxEnt predictions indicate that most areas in Okinawa Island are suitable for A. carolinensis. Therefore, A. carolinensis may have the potential to expand its distribution in Okinawa Island. The predictions indicate that habitat suitability is high in areas of high annual mean temperature and urbanized areas. The values of precipitation in summer in the northern region of Okinawa Island were higher compared with those of North America, which reduced the habitat suitability in Okinawa Island. Adaptation to low temperatures, an increase in the mean temperature through global warming, and an increase in open environments through land development will likely expand the distribution of A. carolinensis in Okinawa Island. Therefore, we must continue to monitor the introduced populations and be alert to the possibility that city planning that increases open environments may cause their range to expand.
Les dépenses médicales de ville des asthmatiques en 2006

En France, selon les resultats de l'appariement des donnees de l'Enquete sante et protection sociale (ESPS) 2006 avec celles de l'Assurance maladie, la depense medicale totale en soins de ville des asthmatiques est une fois et demie superieure a celle des non-asthmatiques en raison de leur asthme, du niveau de controle de leurs symptomes, mais aussi d'autres maladies plus frequentes chez eux. Six asthmatiques sur dix ont toutefois leurs symptomes insuffisamment controles et seuls 12,5 % d'entre eux ont consulte un pneumologue de ville, le medecin generaliste restant pour tous les asthmatiques en premiere ligne de leur suivi. Les medicaments arrivent en tete des depenses de ville liees a l'asthme mais se concentrent, selon les classes therapeutiques, sur une part de consommateurs variables. Un tiers des asthmatiques n'a eu aucun traitement antiasthmatique. Ceci suggere que les professionnels de sante ont encore des marges de manoeuvre pour ameliorer la prise en charge des malades sur le plan medical ainsi qu'en termes d'education therapeutique et de mesures environnementales.
Analysis of Influencing Factors on Forecast Accuracy of Ensemble Learning

Ensemble learning is considered as an important method to improve the accuracy of data mining and machine learning. On the base of the analysis of the basic concepts of ensemble learning, the design of ensemble learning model is divided into three stages: classifier construction, classifier integration and classification result integration, then the method of increasing prediction accuracy were discussed from three aspects: controlling classifier error, enhancing generalization ability and distinguishing acceptance-error in the application. Then, the influencing factors and the increasing methods of the three stages were studied through the instance experiments in WEKA, and we found it is of great significance to construct a reasonable integrated learning model.