Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Probing the end of reionization with the near zones of z ≳ 6 QSOs

We would like to thank Jamie Bolton for his detailed and helpful comments on a draft of this manuscript. We also thank Volker Springel for making GADGET-3 available. We are also grateful to Simon White for granting access to Millennium Simulation data. The plots presented in Fig. 1 use the cube helix colour scheme introduced by Green (2011). This work used the DiRAC Data Analytic system at the University of Cambridge, operated by the University of Cambridge High Performance Computing Service on behalf of the STFC DiRAC HPC Facility (www.dirac.ac.uk). This equipment was funded by BIS National E-infrastructure capital grant (ST/K001590/1), STFC capital grants ST/H008861/1 and ST/H00887X/1, and STFC DiRAC Operations grant ST/K00333X/1. This work also used the DiRAC Data Centric system at Durham University, operated by the Institute for Computational Cosmology on behalf of the STFC DiRAC HPC Facility (www.dirac.ac.uk). This equipment was funded by BIS National E-infrastructure capital grant ST/K00042X/1, STFC capital grants ST/H008519/1 and ST/K00087X/1, STFC DiRAC Operations grant MNRAS 454, 681–697 (2015) at University of Cambridge on September 12, 2016 http://mnras.oxfordjournals. org/ Downloaded from 694 L. C. Keating et al. ST/K003267/1 and Durham University. DiRAC is part of the National E-Infrastructure. LCK acknowledges the support of an Isaac Newton Studentship, the Cambridge Trust and STFC. Support by the FP7 ERC Advanced Grant Emergence-320596 is gratefully acknowledged.
Love in the Time of AIDS: Inequality, Gender, and Rights in South Africa

Acknowledgments A Note on Racial Terms List of Acronyms 1. Gender and AIDS in an Unequal World 2. Mandeni: "The AIDS Capital of KwaZulu-Natal" Part 1. Revisiting Intimacy and Apartheid 3. Providing Love: Male Migration and Building a Rural Home 4. Urban Respectability: Sundumbili Township, 196494 5. Shacks in the Cracks of Apartheid: Industrial Women and the Changing Political Economy and Geography of Intimacy Part 2. Intimacy after Democracy, 1994 6. Postcolonial Geographies: Being "Left Behind" in the New South Africa 7. Independent Women: Rights amid Wrongs, and Men's Broken Promises 8. Failing Men: Modern Masculinities amid Unemployment 9. All You Need Is Love? The Materiality of Everyday Sex and Love Part 3. Interventions 10. The Politics of Gender, Intimacy, and AIDS Glossary Notes Bibliography Index
MICRONUCLEI AS AN EVIDENCE OF DNA DAMAGE IN FRESH WATER CATFISH Heteropneustes fossilis (BLOCH) EXPOSED TO SYNTHETIC SINDOOR

Fish serve as useful genetic models for the evaluation of pollution in aquatic ecosystems. Plenty of commonly available synthetic sindoor is being used in the religious rituals especially during the idol immersions in India, which contains lead (Pb), mercury (Hg) and industrial dyes and can be harmful to the fishes. The present study was an attempt to explore the genotoxicity of synthetic sindoor in freshwater catfish, Heteropneustes fossilis (Bloch) by micronucleus assay. Healthy fishes were collected and housed in well aerated aquaria. Different groups of fishes were treated with different concentrations of synthetic sindoor and the toxicity produced was compared with the control group. Significantly increased frequency of micronuclei in the renal and peripheral blood erythrocytes, observed in the present study suggests that synthetic sindoor is a potential clastogen at higher concentrations.
A Strategic Interpretation of Legal Transplants

In this paper we provide a strategic explanation for the spontaneous convergence of legal rules that nevertheless, in many instances, falls short of unification across jurisdictions. We identify a free‐riding problem and discuss its implications for legal integration. We argue that countries hesitate to adapt their laws to those of another jurisdiction because they hope to free ride on efforts toward convergence. Unification (by transplant) and harmonization (by convention) of legal rules emerge as obvious corrective interventions to a coordination failure, thus solving the free‐riding problem. However, unification and harmonization could also be serious policy mistakes either because convergence is absent owing to very high costs of importing and adjustment or owing to agency costs.
FABCHIPS : A WEAVING-BASED FABRIC PLATFORM FOR AFFORDABLE MICROFLUIDIC CHIP MANUFACTURE

We are developing weaving as a platform to manufacture microfluidic chips for different biological assays. Our work advances published results [1] that showed proof-of-concept of the platform by demonstrating immunoassays performed with spiked human urine samples that show that fabric strips can be used to replace current lateral flow assays. In addition, we also report for the first time, concepts for multiplexing tests on fabric and also how electrochemical sensors can be manufactured by weaving electrodes into fabric. We believe such sensors represent a new class of microfludic devices which could be integrated into clothing.
LIFE HISTORY AND DEMOGRAPHIC PARAMETERS OF APHIS FABAE (HEMIPTERA: APHIDIDAE) AND ITS PARASITOID, APHIDIUS MATRICARIAE (HYMENOPTERA: APHIDIIDAE) ON FOUR SUGAR BEET CULTIVARS

The black bean aphid, Aphis fabae Scopoli (Hemiptera: Aphididae) is one of the important pests of sugar beet in Iran. Aphidius matricariae Haliday (Hymenoptera: Braconidae, Aphidiinae) is a key parasitoid used in various integrated pest management (IPM) programs worldwide. This study was conducted to determine the effects of four cultivars of sugar beet (IC, PP8, Rasoul and Shirin) on biology and demographic parameters of A. fabae and A. matricariae as a step toward biological control of black bean aphid. Experiments were performed in a growth chamber with 25±1oC, 70±5 % RH and a photoperiod of 16L : 8D hours. Survival rates (lx) of A. fabae and A. matricariae were highest on Rasoul and PP8 cultivars, respectively. The life expectancy of 1-day-old adults of A. fabae and A. matricariae was estimated to be 4.25, 4.3, 4.15, 4.5 and 3.8, 3.8, 3.45, 3.65 days on IC, PP8, Rasoul and Shirin cultivars, respectively. There were significant differences between rm values of A. fabae and A. matricariae on PP8, Shirin and Rasoul cultivars. There were no significant differences between net reproductive rates (Ro) of A. fabae on different cultivars of sugar beet, while there were clear differences in Ro values of A. matricariae on various cultivars. The highest value of Ro for A. matricariae was obtained on Shirin cultivar. The parasitoid performed better on Shirin than other cultivars, while the aphid performance was poorly affected by cultivars. Therefore, we suggest the use of Shirin cultivar to maximize the natural biological control of A. fabae by A. matricariae.
Effect of fortifying amaranth diets with amino acids, casein and ethylene diamine tetra acetate on broiler performance, amino acid availability and mineral utilisation

Two feeding trials with broilers (1-31 days of age) were carried out to determine the effect of fortifying grain amaranth based diets with lysine, methionine, casein and ethylene diamine tetra acetate (EDTA) on broiler performance, amino acid availability, plasma amino acid concentrations and nitrogen and mineral retention. In Trial 1, lysine, lysine plus methionine and casein were separately included in six diets containing either 400 g/kg raw or 600 g/kg extruded amaranth. Additionally, one 400 g/kg raw and one 600 g/kg extruded amaranth diets were not fortified. The eight diets were compared to a maize-soyabean meal diet as the control. Chicks on the 600 g/kg extruded amaranth diet with casein gave similar body weights at 31 days of age to those on the control diet. Feed intake and nitrogen retention were similar in the control and the extruded amaranth diets. The availability of amino acids was the highest in the chicks on the control diet. The lack of response to lysine, or lysine and methionine inclusions indicated that these amino acids were not limiting to growth in amaranth diets. In Trial 2, three diets contained 400 g/kg raw amaranth, and another three, 400 g/kg extruded amaranth. Two diets in each group were fortified with either disodium EDTA or casein, while the third was unfortified. Casein inclusion resulted in higher body weights at 31 days of age, but did not affect the plasma concentration of essential amino acids. Dietary EDTA did not enhance mineral retention in the body or the concentration of minerals in plasma. It was evident from both trials that the fortification of amaranth diets with casein improved chick performance and the availability of some amino acids. South African Journal of Animal Science Vol.32(2) 2002: 144-153
Role of Dietary Fat and Protein for Lactating Cattle

With regard to the effect of dietary fat and protein on the performance of dairy animal, this article highlights the following points: 1) the fat metabolism, 2) fat supplements and their roles for the dairy cattle, 3) effect of the dietary fat on the milk yield and composition, 4) protein metabolism, 5) effect of dietary protein during heat stress, 6) effect of the dietary protein on the production and reproduction in the lactating cattle.
Hedonic, neural, and autonomic responses to prolonged gentle touch

Physical contact among individuals, such as caressing and cuddling, is connoted by a strong emotional value, and is usually perceived as a pleasant and rewarding experience. C tactile (CT) afferents are a class of fibres that are specific channels for detecting touch at a caress-like velocity (between 1 and 10 cm/s). This velocity usually occurs during social interactions and is perceived as pleasant. Alongside rich literature about short-lasting pleasant touch, the aim of the present thesis is to increase the knowledge of the neural and physiological dynamics of pleasant touch performed for time scales longer than several minutes. In paper I, handheld and robotic brush strokes were compared in terms of pleasantness in order to validate the use of a robot for delivering the tactile stimulation in the prolonged touch paradigms used in papers II, III and IV. Moreover, the influence of a cognitive factor such as the awareness of the source of the stimulation on the evaluation of pleasant touch was investigated. Brush stroking was applied on the forearm either manually or with a robot, and the participants were either aware or unaware of the source. The results showed that robot and human touch were equally pleasant, proving the convergent validity of the two measures. This was also true regardless of the awareness of the source, meaning that, in the present context, there was no strong cognitive modulation on the perception of pleasant touch In paper II, in a prolonged touch paradigm, the concept of “satiety for touch” and the rewarding aspects of “liking” (pleasantness) and “wanting” (willingness to be exposed again to the same stimulus) were investigated , with both velocity variation (experiment I) and one single velocity (experiment II). In experiment I, “liking” and “wanting” decreased only for the velocity optimally activating CT afferents (3 cm/s), but the stimulation was still pleasant at the end. In experiment II, “liking” and “wanting” decreased for both stroking at 3 and 30 cm/s, with a steeper decrease for 3 cm/s. These findings indicate that “satiety” occurs particularly for the CT optimal velocity; however it takes time. Paper III investigated the neural response to prolonged CT optimal touch. Forty minutes of brush stroking was performed while the participants were scanned with functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (fMRI). Whole brain-based analyses showed decreased activation over time of primary and secondary somatosensory cortices (SI and SII), and increased activation in orbitofrontal cortex (OFC) and putamen. OFC activation was correlated with the perceived pleasantness, which decreased over time although never below the neutral point. The results demonstrate that long-lasting stroking is processed in similar areas to shorter-lasting stroking, and that the recruitment of the reward-related orbitofrontal network likely reflects updating of the rewarding
Mechanisms of Adhesion in Geckos 1

SYNOPSIS. The extraordinary adhesive capabilities of geckos have challenged explanation for millennia, since Aristotle first recorded his observations. We have discovered many of the secrets of gecko adhesion, yet the millions of dry, adhesive setae on the toes of geckos continue to generate puzzling new questions and valuable answers. Each epidermally-derived, keratinous seta ends in hundreds of 200 nm spatular tips, permitting intimate contact with rough and smooth surfaces alike. Prior studies suggested that adhesive force in gecko setae was directly proportional to the water droplet contact angle (! ) , an indicator of the free surface energy of a substrate. In contrast, new theory suggests that adhesion energy between a gecko seta and a surface (WGS) is in fact proportional to , and only for ! 60". A reanalysis of prior ! (1 # cos! ) data, in combination with our recent study, support the van der Waals hypothesis of gecko adhesion, and contradict surface hydrophobicity as a predictor of adhesion force. Previously, we and our collaborators measured the force production of a single seta. Initial efforts to attach a seta failed because of improper 3D orientation. However, by simulating the dynamics of gecko limbs during climbing (based on force plate data) we discovered that, in single setae, a small normal preload, combined with a 5 $m displacement yielded a very large adhesive force of 200 microNewton ($N), 10 times that predicted by whole-animal measurements. 6.5 million setae of a single tokay gecko attached maximally could generate 130 kg force. This raises the question of how geckos manage to detach their feet in just 15 ms. We discovered that simply increasing the angle that the setal shaft makes with the substrate to 30" causes detachment. Understanding how simultaneous attachment and release of millions of setae are controlled will require an approach that integrates levels ranging from molecules to lizards.
Performance Evaluation of an Heterogeneous Multi-Robot System for Lunar Crater Exploration

This paper presents the results of the project LUNARES, in which a heterogeneous multi-robot system and a realistic lunar environment replica have been realized in order to evaluate a lunar crater sample return mission. The evaluation shows the general validity and usability of the described approach. The presented experiments include: precision of autonomous docking between heterogeneous robotic systems, parameter selection and energy considerations for climbing a lunar crater with a legged robot, and precision and repeatability of autonomous sample localization and pick up. Critical elements within the mission procedures are identified and improvements to individual components are suggested.
Optimization of Harmonic Function in Hybrid Multilevel Inverter Using Genetic Algorithm

Meta heuristics, such as the genetic algorithm (GA), have been used with success to compute optimal switching angles for hybrid multilevel inverters with many dc sources while minimizing several harmonics. Hybrid multi level inverters of 15 level inverters using 12 switches to minimizing harmonics and the optimization is proposed in order to accelerate the computation of the optimal switching angles for hybrid multilevel inverters with varying dc sources. Multilevel inverters form a popular class of high power inverters due to their high-voltage operation, high efficiency, low switching losses, and low electromagnetic interference. The proposed solution optimizes hybrid multi level inverters with four variable dc sources while minimizing the harmonics in 20 mille seconds. Simulation of cascaded H-Bridge multilevel inverter of single phase 15level cascaded multilevel inverter is presented and the output waveforms were observed using MATLAB.
Credit Card Fraud Detection Using HMM and DBSCAN

: With the advent of cashless economy, the demand for credit cards has been rising steadily. With the increase in such transactions, fraud detection systems play a vital role. In this paper, we have modeled the operating phases in a credit card transaction processing. In the prototyped environment, the transaction detail of location is traced from the IP address. We have used two stages to detect the authenticity of a transaction: HMM algorithm, a stochastic model for sequential data, that works on amount as the parameter, and DBSCAN that works on location of the transaction as the parameter. If the transaction doesn’t pass through any of these phases, the card holder is alerted via an email. We have backed the efficiency of the approach by presenting an experimental analysis of the same.
A Comparison Of Information Security Curricula In China And The USA

Information Security (InfoSec) education varies in its content, focus and level of technicality across the world. In this paper we investigate the differences between graduate InfoSec programs in top universities in China and in the United States of America (USA). In China, curriculum emphasises Telecommunication, Computer Science and InfoSec Technology, whilst in the USA in addition to Computer Science and InfoSec Technology the curriculum also emphasises Enterprise-level Security Strategy and Policy, InfoSec Management, and Cyber Law. The differences are significant and will have a profound impact on both the perceptions and capabilities of future generations of information security professionals on the one hand, and the management of information security in public and private organizations in the respective countries on the other.
The Relationship among Organizational Commitment , Job Satisfaction , Organizational Stress and Intention of Leaving the Job of Health Personnel

The most important factor of production in the health sector is the health personnel. In order to increase the productivity and efficiency of services provided, the levels of organizational commitment, job satisfaction, and stress need to be evaluated. In this context, managers have to shoulder the responsibility to increase the organizational commitment and job satisfaction levels of health personnel. In this study, the relationship between the levels of organizational commitment, job stress, and intention of leaving the job were analyzed. The data has been collected through a survey conducted on 89 health personnel working in a university hospital in Ankara, Turkey. While the 64% of the population of the study consisted of females, 36% of the population consisted of males. When the titles of the respondents were analyzed, it has been seen that 37.1% were medical doctors and nurses, and 62.9% were administrative staff. In order to analyze the relationship between the variables multiple regression analysis has been applied and according to the results, it has been found that organizational commitment and job satisfaction of the health staff significantly affects organizational stress (F(2,86)=30.922, p0.05). Organizational commitment and job satisfaction together explains the 42% of the total variance of organizational stress. The increase in the levels of ATINER CONFERENCE PAPER SERIES No: HEA2012-0349 7 organizational commitment (t=-4.719, p0.05) and job satisfaction (t=-3.093, p0.05) decreases the stress within the work place. Besides, it has been found that organizational stress, organizational commitment and job satisfaction significantly affects leaving the job (F(3,88)=5.990, p0.05) and these variables together explains the 18% of the total variance of intention of leaving the job. In the regression model the only significant relationship has been seen in organizational commitment (t=-3.002, p0.05) and the increase in the organizational commitment decreases intention of health personnel leaving the job. According to these results, it can be stated that there is a significant and negative relationship between the organizational commitment, job satisfaction and organizational stress perceptions and organizational commitment and intention of leaving the job of health personnel.
A New Method for Extracting the Counter-Implanted Channel Profile of Enhancement-Mode p-MOSFET ’ s

A new methodology is proposed to extract the nonuniform channel doping profile of enhancement mode pMOSFET’s with counter implantation, based on the relationship between device threshold voltage and substrate bias. A selfconsistent mathematical analysis is developed to calculate the threshold voltage and the surface potential of counter-implanted long-channel p-MOSFET at the onset of heavy inversion. Comparisons between analytic calculation and two-dimensional (2-D) numerical analysis have been made and the accuracy of the developed analytic model has been verified. Based on the developed analytic model, an automated extraction technique has been successfully implemented to extract the channel doping profile. With the aid of a 2-D numerical simulator, the subthreshold current can be obtained by the extracted channel doping profile. Good agreements have been found with measured subthreshold characteristics for both longand short-channel devices. This new extraction methodology can be used for precise process monitoring and device optimization purposes.
Plant community establishment in a restored wetland: Effects of soil removal

ABSTRACT Question: This study investigated the establishment of wetland plant assemblages following soil removal and restored hydrology in a former agricultural field. The following questions were posed. Does plant community composition differ as a result of soil removal? Does soil removal reduce the frequency of non-wetland plants? Does soil removal reduce the frequency of non-native invasive plants? Location: The Panzner Wetland Wildlife Reserve (PWWR) in Summit County, northeastern Ohio, USA. Methods: During 2000–2001, restoration was conducted on two adjoining fields (3.9 ha total) by excavating the upper 40–50 cm of soil layer and establishing 12 10 m × 10 m undisturbed control plots. Preliminary data included seed bank composition and soil organic matter, estimated from three different soil depths on the control plots. In spring 2004, a 10 m × 10 m soil-removed plot was established adjacent to each control plot. Plant percent cover of all species was estimated within the center 5 m × 5 m of every plot. Above-ground biomass of all species from three 0.25-m2 quadrats was collected. Environmental water measurements included water depth, temperature, dissolved oxygen, pH, and conductivity. Results: The top 10 cm of soil contained the most seeds, the highest species diversity, the greatest proportion of annual to perennial plants, and the lowest organic content. Obligate and facultative wetland plants were found in soil-removed plots while facultative upland and upland plants were found in control plots. The only plots with arable weeds were the control plots. However, plant communities on soil-removed plots in the North field, which had a higher elevation (ca. 15–20 cm), had a different species composition than soil-removed plots in the South field. Conclusions: The results of a controlled, replicated large-scale study on the effects of soil removal showed that soil removal altered both the biotic and abiotic environment, but that the proximity to the water table was the primary controlling factor in the assembly of plant communities.
Market characteristics as an antecedent of performance

This study examines the relationship between the foreign market characteristics of access to raw materials, capital resources and the necessary channels of distribution, knowledge of local business practices, government intervention, industry price competition and the transfer of up-to-date technology and International Joint Venture (IJV) marketing performance in Thailand. The primary data for the study were collected from a self-administered mail survey of 831 Thai-Foreign IJVs in Thailand. From the multiple regression analysis it was concluded that a significant negative relationship existed between the identified foreign market characteristics and IJV marketing performance in Thailand.