Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Bildgebung mittels Herz-CT

Imaging via Cardiac CT. Multi-slice computed tomography (MSCT) is the noninvasive cardiac imaging technology which has made the most rapid technology advances in recent years. Meanwhile, 64-row equipment is the minimum  Einleitung/Technische Hintergrundinformation Die koronare Herzkrankheit (KHK) stellt in der westlichen Gesellschaft eine der wichtigsten Ursachen fur Morbiditat und Mortalitat dar. Seit Einfuhrung der invasiven Darstellung der Kranzgefase mittels Herzkatheter gilt diese Diagnostik als sogenannte Goldstandard/Referenzmethode, an der neue Methoden gemessen werden. Die konventionelle Angiographie wird mit 30 Bildern/sek aufgenommen, was einer zeitlichen Auflosung von 33 ms entspricht, und liefert Bilder mit einer raumlichen Auflosung von ca. 0,2 mm2 (Abb. 1). Der groste Vorteil der konventionellen Angiographie ist somit eine hohe zeitliche/raumliche Auflosung mit der Moglichkeit direkter Eingriffe wie Ballondilatation oder koronare Stentimplantation. Allerdings werden in Europa und den USA nur 1/3 aller herkommlichen Koronarangiographien in Verbindung mit einer interventionellen Prozedur (PTCA/CABG) durchgefuhrt, wahrend der Rest „nur“ fur diagnostische Zwecke ausgefuhrt wird, das heist nur zur Uberprufung des Vorhandenseins und des Ausmases einer KHK [1]. So sind hinsichtlich begrenzter Ressourcen im Gesundheitswesen und im Interesse der Patienten zuverlassige, okonomisch vertretbare nicht-invasive Methoden fur die Bildgebung der Koronararterien wunschenswert. Die Computertomographie (CT) hat sich schon langer als nicht-invasive Untersuchungsmodalitat zur Darstellung der extrakardialen Gefase etabliert und die invasive Angiographie abgelost [2, 3]. Nicht nur die Diagnostik, sondern auch die Planung von interventionellen oder operativen Eingriffen an der Aorta oder z. B. an den zerebralen Gefasen beruht heute auf der nicht-invasiven CT-Bildgebung. Die Darstellung der Herzkranzgefase war aber lange Zeit wegen deren „Grose“ und des sich standig in Bewegung befindlichen Herzens eine schwer zu beherrschende Herausforderung. standard for imaging coronary arteries. The dualsource CT (DSCT) technology, expansion of the lines, as well as special detectors have improved spatial and temporal resolution and have drastically reduced radiation exposure. A complete cardiac examination is now possible within one heart beat. This method is not only the most accurate method for ruling out coronary heart disease but can also identify and seriously quantify coronary artery disease. Newer promising studies show furthermore the potential for functional evaluation of intermediate coronary artery stenosis. J Kardiol 2013; 20 (3–4): 68–74.
Hydrogen sulfide improves vascular repair by promoting endothelial nitric oxide synthase-dependent mobilization of endothelial progenitor cells

Background: Endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) play a crucial role in endothelial repair after arterial injury. Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) is a novel gasotransmitter that regulates vascular homeostasis. Method: We investigated whether exogenous H2S could facilitate EPCs in repairing arterial injury. Results: Sodium hydrosulfide (NaHS), a precursor of H2S, promoted re-endothelialization and inhibited neointima formation in a rodent carotid artery injury model. Flow cytometric analysis revealed that NaHS treatment significantly increased the yield of EPCs after vascular injury. Furthermore, NaHS enhanced the capacity of EPCs to the luminal surface of injured arteries in wild-type mice, which had received a bone marrow transplantation from tie2-GFP donor mice. However, this enhancing effect was greatly attenuated in endothelial nitric oxide synthase knockout mice (eNOS−/−). In-vitro incubation of human EPCs with NaHS not only increased the yield of EPCs, but also enhanced their adhesion and colony formation capacities. Treatment with an eNOS inhibitor (L-NAME) blocked the effects of NaHS on EPCs functions. Conclusion: H2S enhances eNOS-dependent mobilization of bone marrow-derived EPCs and facilitates re-endothelialization following vascular injury.
MOSHER AWARD HONORABLE MENTION

Objectives/Hypothesis 1) Develop a computerized technique to accurately compare acoustic neuroma size on routine computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans; 2) use this technique to determine the growth pattern in a large series of patients with acoustic neuroma who were conservatively managed; 3) describe the natural history of patients with acoustic neuromas who did not receive surgical intervention and those who underwent subtotal resection; 4) correlate the size and growth rate of acoustic neuromas to clinical presentation and auditory and vestibular testing; and 5) recommend guidelines for the management of patients with acoustic neuromas.
SUPERVISORS' EXPERIENCES IN SUPERVISING POSTGRADUATE EDUCATION STUDENTS' DISSERTATIONS AND THESES AT

Supervision of students’ dissertations and theses is by no means a small task for Open and Distance Education supervisors. Supervisors have diverse research backgrounds, expertise and experience (Pearce, 2005). Some supervisors appear to be more comfortable with the supervision of qualitative research, while others prefer supervising quantitative research instead. Apart from the methodological inclinations of supervisors, ODL research supervision faces challenges that are slightly different from those experienced by supervisors in conventional universities. Most of the challenges in ODL revolve around the distance between the student and the supervisor and problems related to ICT accessibility and affordability, low adoption rate of technology, unreliable postal services, inter alia. It is hoped that the conduct of this study will generate worthwhile knowledge regarding moving towards relevant meanings in the provision of education through ODL. The study adopted a case study design complemented by document analysis. Twenty five ZOU lecturers (from the Faculty of Arts and Education) with experience in the supervision of postgraduate research were conveniently sampled and interviewed. Document analysis was limited to the report of Higher Degrees Supervisors’ Convocation of 2011, Reports on Higher Degrees Proposal Defense Sessions of 2010 and 2011 and Examiners’ Reports on PGDE and MEd research projects. Data were analysed using grounded theory. Supervisors were excited about seeing their students mature into independent and competent researchers, whose findings could extend the frontiers of knowledge. Time could be a limiting factor especially when dealing with struggling students. Supervisors’ experiences revealed that students were experiencing challenges in conducting research – most aspects of research were problematic, while other challenges were linked to students’ personalities – underestimating commitment and effort needed to produce a good research report, propensity to reproduce other scholars’ research reports and not consulting supervisors regularly. Some supervisors felt that failure to consult regularly could be a result of the transport costs involved and network connectivity problems especially for rural-based students. Regular research workshops and seminars, maintaining data bases of research conducted in the past in the University, encouraging students to take part in collaborative research with their supervisors, supervisors encouraged to have working knowledge of both research paradigms as well as research designs applicable to both research paradigms, supervisors to be actively involved in research were some of the recommendations.
Design and implementation of a fault management service for heterogeneous networks using Tina Network Resource architecture

Faults are unavoidable and cause network downtime and degradation of large and complex communication networks. The need for fault management capabilities for improving network reliability is critical to rectify these faults. Current communication networks are moving towards the distributed computing environment enabling these networks to transport heterogeneous multimedia information across end to end connections. An advanced fault management system is thus required for such communication networks. Fault Management provides information on the status of the network by locating, detecting, identifying, isolating, and correcting network problems thereby increasing network reliability. The TINA (Telecommunication Information Networking Architecture) standards define a Network Resource Architecture (NRA) that provides a framework of a transport network that is capable of transporting heterogeneous multimedia media information across heterogeneous networks. TINA also defines a Management Architecture that follows the functional area organization defined in the OSI (Open Systems Interconnection) Management Framework, namely fault, configuration, accounting, performance, and security management (FCAPS). The aim of this project is to utilise the TINA NRA and Management Architecture concepts and principles to design and implement a distributed Fault Management Service for heterogeneous networks. The design presented here utilises TINA’s fault management specifications, together with UML modelling tools to developed this Fault Management Service. The design incorporates the use of CORBA and SNMP to provide a distributed management functionality capable of providing fault management support across heterogeneous networks. The generic nature of the fault management service is tested on the SATINA Trial platform which consists of both an ATM network as well as an IP MPLS network. The report concludes that the Fault Management Service is applicable to any connectionoriented network that is modeled using the TINA NRA specification and principles.
The magnitude of Yo-Yo test improvements following an aerobic training intervention are associated with total genotype score

Recent research has demonstrated that there is considerable inter-individual variation in the response to aerobic training, and that this variation is partially mediated by genetic factors. As such, we aimed to investigate if a genetic based algorithm successfully predicted the magnitude of improvements following eight-weeks of aerobic training in youth soccer players. A genetic test was utilised to examine five single nucleotide polymorphisms (VEGF rs2010963, ADRB2 rs1042713 and rs1042714, CRP rs1205 & PPARGC1A rs8192678), whose occurrence is believed to impact aerobic training adaptations. 42 male soccer players (17.0 ± 1y, 176 ± 6 cm, 69 ± 9 kg) were tested and stratified into three different Total Genotype Score groups; “low”, “medium”and “high”, based on the possession of favourable polymorphisms. Subjects underwent two Yo-Yo tests separated by eight-weeks of sports-specific aerobic training. Overall, there were no significant differences between the genotype groups in pre-training Yo-Yo performance, but evident between-group response differentials emerged in post-training Yo-Yo test performance. Subjects in the “high” group saw much larger improvements (58%) than those in the ‘medium” (35%) and “low” (7%) groups. There were significant (p<0.05) differences between the groups in the magnitude of improvement, with athletes in the “high” and medium group having larger improvements than the “low” group (d = 2.59 “high” vs “low”; d = 1.32 “medium” vs “low”). In conclusion, the magnitude of improvements in aerobic fitness following a training intervention were associated with a genetic algorithm comprised of five single nucleotide polymorphisms. This information could lead to the development of more individualised aerobic training designs, targeting optimal fitness adaptations.
The process of medication management for older adults with dementia

kaasalainen s, dolovich l, papaioannou a, holbrook a, lau e, ploeg j, levine m, cosby j & emily a (2011) Journal of Nursing and Healthcare of Chronic Illness 3, 407–418 The process of medication management for older adults with dementia Aim. The purpose of this study was to explore the personal experiences related to medication management of community-dwelling older adults diagnosed with dementia, their informal caregivers, as well as healthcare professionals who assist them. Background. Older adults who have dementia face many challenges in managing their medications while living in the community. Medication regimens used to treat a variety of conditions in older adults with dementia are usually overseen and coordinated by healthcare professionals such as community nurses, physicians and pharmacists, but often, more supports are needed. However, little research has been conducted to study the barriers and facilitators to medication adherence in this unique population. Methods. Using a grounded theory approach, 57 interviews were completed (10 nurses, 10 pharmacists, 6 physicians, 20 caregivers and 11 patients) in southern Ontario, Canada, in 2007. Findings. The findings indicate that the processes of medication management differ according to the level of dementia. A number of corresponding facilitators and barriers to medication management were identified. Medication management in early stage dementia is characterised by patients’ desire to maintain independence, denial of issues or disease, and a refusal to take medications owing to feeling angry. In late-stage dementia, older adults often refuse medications owing to delusional or suspicious thinking, which results in caregivers assuming responsibility for managing their medications. Conclusions. Older adults with dementia, their informal caregivers and the healthcare professionals who assist them are faced with the challenges of declining cognitive function and memory while trying to manage medications at home. However, a number of adherence strategies appear to be helpful and should be considered. Relevance to clinical practice. Healthcare professionals struggle with helping older adults who have dementia manage medications safely and therapeutically, often with little resources to draw from. Future work is needed to design, implement and evaluate supportive networks and interventions with the goal of helping older adults with dementia manage their medications better while living in the community.
On the Effect of Risk Aversion in Two-Person, Two-State Finance Economies

The effect of replacing an agent in a two-person two-state finance economy by a more risk averse agent is studied. It is established under which conditions the other agent benefits or looses in equilibrium from dealing with a more risk averse agent. If one agent becomes more risk averse, then the equilibrium allocation moves towards that agent's certainty line. Whether or not that is beneficial for the other agent depends on the location of the endowment point.
Effects of mustard gas on immune system of exposed Iranian people: a review of conducted studies

Exposure to high dosages of sulfur mustard (SM) can cause bone marrow depression, immune system suppression, impairment of the immune functions, and eventually results in diseases due to secondary immune disorders. In this article, we have studied the effects of this poison on Iranian veterans by analysis of related published studies. In a systematic search, the effects of SM gas on Iranian victims were reviewed. We used known international medical databases such as ISI, Medline, Scopus and Iranian databases such as Iranmedex and Irandoc. About 350 published articles were assessed. Among them, 43 articles were related to immunologic field. No special evaluation was conducted on the quality of the reviewed manuscripts and the credit of journal was considered sufficient. In accomplished studies conducted on Iranian people, both cellular and humoral immunity were affected. The reported changes were as follows: increasing the number of inflammatory cells in chronic phase which indicates ongoing active alveolitis, neutrophils (in chronic bronchitis), eosinophils, CRP titer, RF titer, IgG (especially in asthmatic patterns) ,IgM , Ig E, IL-6, TFG-beta1target protein in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid, and decreasing the number of leukocytes , lymphocytes, natural killer cells (NKCs), IL-8and IL-6 in blood. Eventually, in reported changes, chemo taxis factors, plasma opsonins and nitroblue tetrazolium (NBT) test were normal. In sever and prolonged exposure to mustard gas, the immune system would be suppressed. Therefore, the victims should be monitored for infections and even cancers.
Classification of Human Daily Activities Using Ensemble Methods Based on Smartphone Inertial Sensors

Increasing interest in analyzing human gait using various wearable sensors, which is known as Human Activity Recognition (HAR), can be found in recent research. Sensors such as accelerometers and gyroscopes are widely used in HAR. Recently, high interest has been shown in the use of wearable sensors in numerous applications such as rehabilitation, computer games, animation, filmmaking, and biomechanics. In this paper, classification of human daily activities using Ensemble Methods based on data acquired from smartphone inertial sensors involving about 30 subjects with six different activities is discussed. The six daily activities are walking, walking upstairs, walking downstairs, sitting, standing and lying. It involved three stages of activity recognition; namely, data signal processing (filtering and segmentation), feature extraction and classification. Five types of ensemble classifiers utilized are Bagging, Adaboost, Rotation forest, Ensembles of nested dichotomies (END) and Random subspace. These ensemble classifiers employed Support vector machine (SVM) and Random forest (RF) as the base learners of the ensemble classifiers. The data classification is evaluated with the holdout and 10-fold cross-validation evaluation methods. The performance of each human daily activity was measured in terms of precision, recall, F-measure, and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve. In addition, the performance is also measured based on the comparison of overall accuracy rate of classification between different ensemble classifiers and base learners. It was observed that overall, SVM produced better accuracy rate with 99.22% compared to RF with 97.91% based on a random subspace ensemble classifier.
Barriers to Healthcare Services and Supports for Signing Deaf Older Adults

Objective: Although developmental stages and identity have been studied as part of aging, one category of both identity and biological difference that has received little attention in the medical and public health literature is that of older adults who were born deaf and/or who identify as part of the signing Deaf community. Research Method: Researchers conducted a systematic search of the literature for barriers to care access related to both aging and deafness. Results: Lack of cultural competence among providers, coupled with inconsistent access to interpreters in medical settings, puts deaf individuals at risk for treatment without adequate consent, or insufficient care due to communication barriers or misperceptions of expression or culture. Conclusions/Implications: Individuals may face unusual challenges, indicating a serious public health crisis on the horizon as the demographic of deaf older adults continues to grow. This paper will discuss what is known about the intersection of aging, Deaf culture, and health care access, and suggest policy and practice recommendations for the future.
Handling Hierarchical Events In An Internet-Scale Event Service

During the course of developing a generic library for converting XML-based events to SIENA events, an issue was discovered concerning repetition of event attribute names. This paper will examine the inherent problem and present some possible solutions to the problem. This paper will first examine the relevant technologies, the implementation of the library, and then discuss potential solutions to the problem of mapping hierarchical events onto non-hierarchical namespaces.
2000 First Annual Workshop on Mobile and Ad Hoc Networking and Computing

ing is permitted with credit to the source. Libraries are permitted to photocopy beyond the limits of U.S. copyright law for private use of patrons those articles in this volume that carry a code at the bottom of the first page, provided the per-copy fee indicated in the code is paid through the Copyright Clearance Center, 222 Rosewood Drive, Danvers, MA 01923. For other copying, reprint, or republication permission, write to the IEEE Copyright Manager, IEEE Operations Center, 445 Hoes Lane, Piscataway, NJ 08855-1331. All rights reserved. Copyright
Proportion and failure analysis of full‐bridge sub‐modules in a hybrid MMC

: Isolating DC bipolar short-circuit fault is one of the difficulties faced by the flexible DC distribution system. This study aims to the hybrid modular multi-level converter (MMC). Firstly, the fault-blocking mechanism of a hybrid MMC is analysed. Through theoretical calculation, the influence of the proportion of full-bridge sub-modules η on the fault isolation capability is obtained in the process of bipolar short-circuiting of the hybrid MMC-isolated DC side. Finally, the hybrid MMC DC-side bipolar short-circuit fault is simulated and analysed by the simulation model built in PSCAD/EMTDC software. The fault blocking capability of hybrid MMC and the relationship between η and the full-bridge sub-module capacitance voltage after the fault isolation phase are verified, which provides a theoretical basis for the design of the withstand voltage of hybrid MMC full-bridge sub-module capacitors.
Reengineering unification and t-entailment for Mantra in C++

Reengineering Uni cation and t-Entailment for Mantra in C++ Tania Kharma The objective of this thesis lies in two directions. In one hand, understanding the concepts of uni cation and decidable inference mechanism, used in building the logic formalism of Mantra and implemented in its previous version in Common Lisp in 1991. On the other hand, learning about the object oriented paradigm and applying it in the design and implementation through the use of design patterns, the OMT notations, and C++ as the implementation language. Mantra is a shell for hybrid knowledge representation and hybrid inferences. It supports three di erent formalisms: logic, frames, and semantic networks. In representing any kind of knowledge through a knowledge base system, one is faced with choosing among a broad repertoire of formalisms. Mantra provides a combination of knowledge representation formalisms, so the user can decide which representation is convenient for each piece of knowledge, and is not limited to only one formalism. Our concentration is on reengineering the logic formalism module. Mantra uses a four-valued logic which has the syntax of standard rst order order along with a decidable inference algorithm, called t-entailment. Uni cation is at the heart of the inference mechanisms in Mantra. The e cient algorithm of Martelli and Montanari is used. In view of its many advantages and its popularity, the object oriented paradigm is used in the design and implementation of this work. The primary design considerations are correctness, understandability, and extensibility. iii Acknowledgments I would like to thank my supervisor Dr. Gregory Butler for his continuous guidance and support. I am also grateful for his valuable suggestions and technical assistance especially in the design and implementation phases. I also would like to express my gratitude to Dr. Tjandra Indra Adiono for his help and for all the theoretical background he was patient in teaching me. Special thanks to my anc e Wissam who gave me the moral support I needed. I want to give my thanks to my friends and the many other people working in the department, for helping me in various ways during my work. Finally, my e orts would not have been equal to this task had they not been supported and encouraged by my parents to whom I dedicate this work. iv