Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Angiographic anatomy of the coronary sinus venous system in adult Kashmiri population

Background: Knowledge of the coronary sinus venous anatomy is an important factor because of its relevance in electrophysiological procedures such as chronic resynchronisation therapy, mapping and ablation of arrhythmias. The advent of advanced invasive and interventional cardiac treatment and management tools for common disorders like heart failure has made understanding of coronary sinus anatomy necessary. The aim was to study the angiographic anatomy of coronary sinus and its tributaries in adult Kashmiri population and provide anatomical basis for cannulation of coronary sinus and its tributaries.Methods: Authors analysed the levophase angiogram of 150 subjects undergoing routine coronary angiography in the right anterior oblique and left anterior oblique view with the necessary caudal or cranial angulations.Results: The coronary sinus was formed by the union of GCV+LMV in 93.3% of subjects and by the union of GCV+PLV in 6.7% of subjects. The GCV and the MCV were the most consistent tributaries present in all the subjects. The mean length of CS was 71.70±9.7 mm when it was formed by GCV+LMV and 70.18±14.98 mm in case of GCV+PLV. The diameter of the CS ostium was 8.48±1.21mm. The mean diameter of GCV was 2.90±1.24 mm, MCV was 2.76±1.08 mm, LMV was 2.23±0.51 mm and the PLV was 2.25±0.53 mm. The opening angle of GCV was obtuse in all the cases, MCV drained at an acute angle in 62% subjects and LMV draining angle was acute in 31.33% cases. The valve of the CS was present in 32.7% subjects and absent in 67.3% subjects. The tortuosity was absent in 75.3%. The distance between CS ostium and the ostium of the vein ideal for lead implantation was between 10-40 mm in 76% subjects.Conclusions: The basic knowledge of coronary sinus and its tributaries play a significant role during electrophysiological procedures. The data obtained from the study can be utilised by interventional cardiologist for cannulation of coronary sinus in Kashmiri population.
Antimicrobial stewardship programs in the critical care setting Programas de administración de antimicrobianos en la unidad de cuidados intensivos

The increase in bacterial resistance to antibiotics is one of the greatest threats to global health. This problem is especially relevant in critical care units, where the number of isolates of multiresistant species grow each year reducing the number of alternatives available to treat serious infectious diseases such as sepsis, meningitis or nosocomial pneumonia. Moreover, despite promises and efforts to create new antimicrobials, currently there are little effective developments in the pharmaceutical market. The spread of multidrug-resistant microorganisms (MDRM) is due to the failure of the measures to prevent cross-transmission but also to the continuous genesis of new resistances. It has been repeatedly shown that the generation of resistance is closely related to exposure to antimicrobials. In this sense, what is most striking is that even 30--50% of prescriptions of antibiotics may be unnecessary. All this has sponsored the development of so-called Antimicrobial Stewardship Programs (ASP) (Programas de
Single pass GPU stylized edges

Silhouette detection is a key issue in many non-photorealistic rendering algorithms. Silhouettes play an important role in shape recognition because they provide one of the main cues for figure-to-ground distinction. However, since silhouettes are view-dependent, they must be computed per frame. There has been a lot of research tailored to find an efficient way to do this in real time, although most algorithms require either a precomputation, and/or multiple rendering passes. In this paper we present an algorithm that is able to generate silhouettes in realtime by using the geometric shader stage. In contrast to other approaches, our silhouettes do not suffer from discontinuities. A second contribution is the definition of a continuous set of texture coordinates that allows us coherently texture the object, independently on the length and orientation of the edges. This texture coordinates are also robust to translation and does not produce sudden changes during rotation.
Histopathological study of Dengue Haemorrhagic Fever

Introduction: Dengue Haemorrhagic Fever (DHF) is a severe febrile disease caused by a Flavivirus.Four serotypes of dengue virus (DEN 1-4) are present and the large majority of DHF occurs following a secondary infection with a different serotype. About 0.5 million people in the world develop DHF annually with 24,000 deaths. Pathogenesis of the disease is still not fully understood. Target cells include dendritic reticulum cells, monocytes, lymphocytes, hepatocytes, and vascular endothelial cells. Objectives: To describe the histopathological changes in the liver, lungs, heart, brain, spleen, gastrointestinal tract and kidneys in fatal DHF. Materials and methods: Tissue from seventeen autopsies following DHF were processed routinely and stained with haematoxylin and eosin. Histopathological changes in the liver, lungs, heart, brain, spleen, gastrointestinal tract and kidneys were studied. Results: Fifteen of 17 cases showed a liver pathology which included submassive necrosis (1/15), bridging necrosis (2/15), midzonal (3/15) and centrilobular necrosis (4/15), focal necrosis (2/15), apoptosis (1/15) and macrovesicular steatosis (7/15). Pulmonary haemorrhage was present in 13 cases and pulmonary oedema in 6 cases. Glomerular congestion and haemorrhage were seen in 6 and medullary congestion with haemorrhage was present in 9 cases. Gastrointestinal mucosal haemorrhages were seen in 8. One patient showed myocarditis and one showed myocardial haemorrhages. Cerebral oedema was present in 8 cases In 13 out of 17 cases the spleen showed red pulp congestion and haemorrhage. Conclusion: DHF is a systemic viral infection causing multiorgan pathology. Liver, lungs and spleen are the most commonly affected organs. DOI: http://dx.doi. org/10.4038/jdp.v8i1. 6790 Journal of Diagnostic Pathology 2012 (8); 1:50-58
Concurrent recording of neurometabolic changes and local field potential in the central nervous system of awake-behaving rodent models of epilepsy

Introduction: Temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) is a form of acquired epilepsy characterized as an electro-clinical syndrome in which seizures emanate from the limbic system [1,2]. TLE is particularly disabling due to the unpredictable and recurrent nature of seizures and incidence of antiepileptic drug resistance [3] many times an indication for resection surgery [4,5]. Pre-surgical identification of the seizure onset zone relies on multimodal methods based on different pathophysiological principles. The golden standard technique is long-term intracranial electroencephalogram (EEG) [6] combined neuroimaging techniques, which explore brain hemodynamics as a surrogate signal for brain activity [7,8]. To date, no single sensor approach allows simultaneous and seamless recording of electrical and hemodynamic responses. Materials and methods: We used multisite ceramic-based Pt microelectrode arrays (MEAs) to perform high-frequency amperometric recording of pO2 and local field potential (LFP)-related currents in the CNS of chronically implanted freely-moving rats during pilocarpine-evoked status epilepticus. Using fast Fourier transform (FFT) filtering of the raw electrochemical signal we separated into the low frequency component (<1 Hz), corresponding to the electrochemical reduction of O2 and high (>1 Hz) frequency component, corresponding to the LFP currents. Results: We determined the mean resting level of pO2 in two subregions of the hippocampus as well as in the striatum and the cortex of freely moving rats. The hippocampal DG showed lowest (p < 0.01) resting pO2 level (6.6 ± 0.7 μM) when compared to CA1 (22.1 ± 3.4 μM), striatum (17.2 ± 1.7 μM), and cortex (22.1 ± 4.9 μM). Evoked changes in interstitial pO2 in vivo we performed a 5 min tail pinch stress paradigm test, which induced a transient increase pO2 in the hippocampus of 15 ± 4% from baseline, corresponding to an average Δ[O2] of 3.7 ± 0.6 μM. Induction of status epilepticus induced biphasic changes in pO2 in the hippocampus. The initial dip at seizure onset (−4.5 ± 0.7 µM) was followed by a prolonged hyperoxygenation phase (+10.4 ± 2.9 µM). Analysis of high-frequency component of the amperometric signal allowed the simultaneous monitoring LFP at the site of pO2 recording. This has high potential for translation into the clinical setting supported on intracranial grid or strip electrodes. Discussion and conclusions: This strategy revealed that a single sensor can simultaneously report chemical (pO2) and electrophysiological (LFP currents) information, allowing concurrent monitoring of electrical and neurovascular/neurometabolic activities.
Risk Factors Associated with Surgical Site Infections: A Retrospective Report from a Developing Country

Introduction Any infection occurring at the site of a surgical incision superficially or deep within the fascia, within 30 days of a surgical procedure is termed as a surgical site infection (SSI). Due to limited resources, non-adherence to infection control guidelines and substandard sterilization practices, the incidence is higher in developing countries. The aim of this study is to estimate the incidence of surgical site infections in general surgeries at a tertiary care hospital in Pakistan and identify the predisposing risk factors. Methods This was a retrospective analysis that included all surgical records from June 1, 2018, to December 31, 2018. After exclusion, 882 records were included. The incidence of SSI and predisposing risk factors were noted. Data were entered and analyzed using SPSS v. 22.0 (IBM Corp, Armonk, NY, US). Results The incidence of SSI was 8.84% (n=78). SSIs were more common in older participants (11.4% vs. 6.4%; p=0.009), in patients with more than 24 hour of preoperative hospital stay (11.2% vs. 64%; p=0.013), in procedures of longer duration (1.53 ± 0.35 vs 2.57 ± 0.17; p<0.0001), and in emergency surgeries (19.2% vs. 7.5%; p=0.0001). The combined incidence of SSIs in American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) index III and above was 37 (47.4%) and that in I and II was 41 (52.6%) (p<0.00001). Conclusion This study has revealed a very high incidence of surgical site infections. These infections are more common in elderly patients, patients undergoing emergency surgeries, those with longer preoperative hospital stay and longer surgical duration, and patients with a high ASA index.
Photodetectors for optical communication systems

The characteristics of high-sensitivity photodetectors suitable for wide bandwidth optical communication systems are summarized. Photodiodes, photomultipliers, and photoconductive detectors for wavelengths from 0.3 µm to 10.6 µm are covered. The use of internal current gain by means of avalanche and electron multiplication and by means of optical heterodyne detection to increase sensitivity of high speed photodetectors is discussed. The application to visible and infrared laser communication systems is reviewed.
Disturbance history mediates climate change effects on subtropical forest biomass and dynamics

Abstract The responses of forest communities to interacting anthropogenic disturbances like climate change and logging are poorly known. Subtropical forests have been heavily modified by humans and their response to climate change is poorly understood. We investigated the 9‐year change observed in a mixed conifer‐hardwood Atlantic forest mosaic that included both mature and selectively logged forest patches in subtropical South America. We used demographic monitoring data within 10 1 ha plots that were subjected to distinct management histories (plots logged until 1955, until 1987, and unlogged) to test the hypothesis that climate change affected forest structure and dynamics differentially depending on past disturbances. We determined the functional group of all species based on life‐history affinities as well as many functional traits like leaf size, specific leaf area, wood density, total height, stem slenderness, and seed size data for the 66 most abundant species. Analysis of climate data revealed that minimum temperatures and rainfall have been increasing in the last few decades of the 20th century. Floristic composition differed mainly with logging history categories, with only minor change over the nine annual census intervals. Aboveground biomass increased in all plots, but increases were higher in mature unlogged forests, which showed signs of forest growth associated with increased CO2, temperature, and rainfall/treefall gap disturbance at the same time. Logged forests showed arrested succession as indicated by reduced abundances of Pioneers and biomass‐accumulators like Large Seeded Pioneers and Araucaria, as well as reduced functional diversity. Management actions aimed at creating regeneration opportunities for long‐lived pioneers are needed to restore community functional diversity, and ecosystem services such as increased aboveground biomass accumulation. We conclude that the effects of climate drivers on the dynamics of Brazilian mixed Atlantic forests vary with land‐use legacies, and can differ importantly from the ones prevalent in better known tropical forests.
A 200 MHz 3.3 V BiCMOS class-IV partial-response analog Viterbi decoder

Analog Viterbi decoders have recently been shown to be viable alternatives to digital implementations. In fact a commercial realization for a class-IV partial-response maximum-likelihood magnetic read-channel has been reported. Analog Viterbi decoders offer the advantages of reduced power and size primarily due to the elimination of the A/D converter required in digital implementations. The analog Viterbi decoder described here offers the advantages of less complexity and improved robustness to circuit imperfections as compared to previously-reported realizations. This decoder was fabricated in a 0.8 /spl mu/m BiCMOS process, consumes 30 mW from a 3.3V power supply while operating at an effective rate of 200 MSymbols/s, and has a core area of only 0.5 mm/sup 2/.
Extensions of Global Sensitivity Analysis: Theory, Computation, and Applications.

HART, JOSEPH LEE. Extensions of Global Sensitivity Analysis: Theory, Computation, and Applications. (Under the direction of Pierre Gremaud.) Global sensitivity analysis (GSA) seeks to quantify the relative importance of input variables in a model. The classical framework for GSA considers p variables X = (X1, X2, . . . , Xp) which are inputs of a function f : Rp → R. The inputs are assumed to be statistically independent with known marginal distributions. Sensitivity indices are defined in terms of the moments or distribution of f(X), or its derivatives, and are typically computed via sampling based approaches. However, many problems in practice do not satisfy the aforementioned assumptions. This thesis provides extensions of the classical GSA methods to address problems which fail to satisfy one or more of the assumptions in the classical framework. In particular, this thesis considers (i) problems with statistically dependent input variables, (ii) uncertainty in the distribution of X, (iii) models with inherent stochasticity (f depends on X and another source of stochasticity), (iv) using GSA to analyze statistical model parameters, and (v) using GSA for uncertain parameters in optimization problems constrained by partial differential equations. Other extensions of the classical GSA framework are highlighted and avenues of future development are discussed. Theoretical properties and computational considerations are explored throughout the thesis. © Copyright 2018 by Joseph Lee Hart
Comparison of the efficiencies of class D and class E rectifiers

The efficiencies of the Class D and Class E rectifiers are compared considering power losses in the parasitic resistances of capacitors, inductors and transformer windings, and conduction losses in the diodes. Equations for efficiency are plotted as functions of the output current with an output voltage V/sub 0/=5 V and a maximum output power P/sub 0/=100 W. It is shown that center-tapped rectifiers are the most suitable for low-voltage applications. Class E rectifier efficiency is higher than that of Class D circuit in the higher range of the output current. The Class E circuit is more suitable for low-current high-frequency applications. The results of this paper can be used by designers in selecting circuits with a better efficiency with respect to their specific load requirements. <<ETX>>
Allantoin improves methionine-choline deficient diet-induced nonalcoholic steatohepatitis in mice through involvement in endoplasmic reticulum stress and hepatocytes apoptosis-related genes expressions

Objective(s): Non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) is defined by steatosis and inflammation in the hepatocytes, which can progress to cirrhosis and possibly hepatocellular carcinoma. However, current treatments are not entirely effective. Allantoin is one of the principal compounds in many plants and an imidazoline I receptor agonist as well. Allantoin has positive effects on glucose metabolism and inflammation. In this study, the effects of allantoin on the NASH induced animals and the pathways involved have been evaluated. Materials and Methods: C57/BL6 male mice received saline and allantoin as the control groups. In the next group, NASH was induced by the methionine-choline-deficient diet (MCD) for eight weeks. In the NASH+allantoin group, allantoin was injected four weeks in the mice feeding on an MCD diet. Histopathological evaluations, serum analysis, ELISA assay, and real-time RT-PCR were performed. Results: Allantoin administration decreased serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT), cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein (LDL), hepatic lipid accumulation, and liver tumor necrosis factor (TNFα) level. Also, treatment with allantoin down-regulated the gene expression of glucose-regulated protein 78 (GRP78), activating transcription factor 6 (AFT6), TNFα, sterol regulatory element binding proteins 1c (SREBP1c), fatty acid synthase (FAS), Bax/Bcl2 ratio, caspase3, and P53. On the other hand, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha (PPARα), apolipoprotein B (Apo B), and acetyl-coenzyme acetyltransferase 1 (ACAT1) gene expression increased after allantoin injection. Conclusion: This study indicated that allantoin could improve animal induced NASH by changes in the expression of endoplasmic reticulum stress-related genes and apoptotic pathways.
A Survey of SNP Data Analysis

Every person differs from every other person regarding their physical appearance, susceptibility to disease, response to medications, and so on. However, 99.9 percent of human DNA is the same. As such, differences in human genomes are very worthy of study. Single-Nucleotide Polymorphisms (SNPs) are the simplest form and most common source of genetic polymorphism. SNPs have been used to successfully identify defective genes that cause Mendelian diseases. However, most common human diseases are complex and are caused by multiple SNPs. Each SNP explains only a small fraction of genetic causes. Experiments on individual SNPs may reveal their non-detectable effects on complex diseases. Pathogenesis is a complicated topic, and it is difficult to correctly predict multiple SNPs. As such, the analysis of SNP data is a critical task in the study of genetic diseases. In this paper, we divide the methods for genome-wide SNP data analysis into two categories: single-trait GenomeWide Association Studies (GWAS) in which pathology is mined from data of a single phenotype, and multiple-trait GWAS which identifies cross-phenotype associations. For single-trait GWAS, we review methods ranging from the simple to the complex, including TEAM, BOOST, AntEpiSeeker, SNPRuler, EDCF, HiSeeker, ORF, MLR-tagging, MSCD, and MIC. For multiple-trait GWAS, we describe methods in terms of their employed regression models, dimension-reduction methods, and meta-analysis methods. We also list the advantages and disadvantages of these methods. Finally, we discuss the future directions of SNP data analysis for genome-wide association.
Un modelo didáctico-pedagógico mediador de aprendizaje co- operativa para educación a distancia en el CEFET-MA

In addition to a boot-retaining jaw unit controlled by a spring having an adjustable degree of stiffness, the safety ski binding is fitted with a force transducer for detecting the effort exerted by the spring on the jaw unit and delivering a signal which is a function of the effort thus detected to an electronic display device of the digital type. The display device is supplied via a normally-open circuit comprising a manually actuated switch.
Shared-memory programming with OpenMP

time slot, in class). Move the final exam time? Final exam period: Thursday, May 5 through Wednesday, May 11. • Sample solutions of homeworks 5 and 6 will be posted by tomorrow. • There will be a final exam review session. Not yet clear when. • Will teach a seminar next semester (cs671):
Precision oncology: as much expectations as limitations

It is encouraging to witness the recent price reduction and expanded access to next generation sequencing platforms, the increasing number of investments and publications on new targets and respective targeted drugs, as well as the worldwide excitement with anti-cancer personalised therapies. This editorial aims to highlight the limitations regarding the small proportion of solid cancers potentially eligible for the use of molecular-based targeted drugs until now. It also covers the expected clinical benefits in refractory patients treated by matched therapies, and detailed cost-effectiveness analysis of the use of DNA sequencing analysis oncology practice in an academic and large-scale community.
Online Community Learning: Why Does (Language) Learning without Classroom Interest Students of All Disciplines? A Case Study

This case study explores the language learners’ growing interest to express their shared interest in online-course-providing platforms. This study also inquires into the language learners’ new forum called “online community” and its great influence on smart way teaching-learning process and classroom dynamics, technology enabled lifelong self study mode of learning, subject knowledge, learning centred curriculum, experience centred approach to the learning process, course material and soft/life skills delivered along the course as a value added package. This paper examines the way MOOCs have opened the gate way of learning to all sections of society free of cost with specific language skills focus – writing that interests students from all disciplines. This study suggests that the rising generation shows a growing, academic interest in online collaboration on the basis of any subject specific shared interest and this collective interest also addresses the concern about personal experiences with emotive foundation that will not have space in online teaching learning process.