Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Does Co-teaching Increase Student Engagement

The purpose of this action research is to determine if students will be more engaged in learning whole group interventions if co-taught. In the first two weeks students were observed with only the classroom teacher teaching the intervention. The next three weeks the classroom teacher and the instructional coach co-taught the whole group intervention, and students were observed to see if engagement had increased. Pre-survey and post survey questions were administered to the students for quantitative data. Qualitative data was gathered through observations and journal notes. STUDENT ENGAGEMENT WITH CO-TEACHING 3 Does Co-teaching Increase Student Engagement Teachers feel the need to compete with technology to keep students’ attention. So many times teachers are worried about the lack of student engagement in classrooms and wonder how to increase student engagement. “Consensus has been reached that there are at least three types of engagement: behavioral, cognitive, and affective engagement” (Carter, Reschly, Lovelace, Appleton, & Thomas, 2012, p. 62). Cognitive engagement is willingness to work in the classroom; Carter et al., (2012) study defines the areas of engagement as the following: Behavioral engagement refers to involvement in academic and extracurricular activities and includes indicators such as school attendance and participation in class activities. Cognitive engagement is defined as a student's level of investment in learning and includes aspects such as perceived relevance and challenge sufficiency of coursework, appropriate application of learning strategies, self-regulation, perceived competence, and willingness to exert necessary effort to master difficult skills. Affective engagement is the connections with other students and teachers. Affective engagement addresses the student's perceived connection to the school environment and salient individuals within the school context. It includes positive and negative reactions toward the school climate (e.g., fairness of rules), teachers, and classmates. (p. 62) Engaged students in a learning environment are retaining what is being taught and taking part in a deep level of learning and conversations. Draper, (2013) explains, “deep learners aimed to understand the meaning behind the text, and interacted with the material by creating relevant arguments and examples related to their daily lives” (para. 4). In this research project the researcher will collect qualitative and quantitative data to see if co-teaching interventions will STUDENT ENGAGEMENT WITH CO-TEACHING 4 increase student engagement. A self-reflection survey will be given to the students to measure engagement levels with and without co-teaching.
Circular RNAs: Biogenesis, Function, and a Role as Possible Cancer Biomarkers

Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are a class of noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs) that form covalently closed continuous loop structures, lacking the terminal 5′ and 3′ ends. CircRNAs are generated in the process of back-splicing and can originate from different genomic regions. Their unique circular structure makes circRNAs more stable than linear RNAs. In addition, they also display insensitivity to ribonuclease activity. Generally, circRNAs function as microRNA (miRNA) sponges and have a regulatory role in transcription and translation. They may be also translated in a cap-independent manner in vivo, to generate specific proteins. In the last decade, next-generation sequencing techniques, especially RNA-seq, have revealed great abundance and also dysregulation of many circRNAs in various diseases, suggesting their involvement in disease development and progression. Regarding their high stability and relatively specific differential expression patterns in tissues and extracellular environment (e.g., body fluids), they are regarded as promising novel biomarkers in cancer. Therefore, we focus this review on describing circRNA biogenesis, function, and involvement in human cancer development and address the potential of circRNAs to be effectively used as novel cancer diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers.
Nucleosome Positioning by Human Alu Elements in Chromatin (*)

Alu sequences are interspersed throughout the genomes of primate cells, occurring singly and in clusters around RNA polymerase II-transcribed genes. Because these repeat elements are capable of positioning nucleosomes in in vitro reconstitutes (Englander, E. W., Wolffe, A. P., and Howard, B. H. (1993) J. Biol. Chem. 268, 19565-19573), we investigated whether they also [Abstract] influence in vivo chromatin structure. When assayed collectively using consensus sequence probes and native chromatin as template, Alu family members were found to confer rotational positioning on nucleosomes or nucleosome-like particles. In particular, a 10-base pair pattern of DNase I nicking that spanned the RNA polymerase III box A promoter motif extended upstream to cover diverse 5′-flanking sequences, suggesting that Alu repeats may influence patterns of nucleosome formation over neighboring regions. Computational analysis of a set of naturally occurring Alu sequences indicated that nucleosome positioning information is intrinsic to these elements. Inasmuch as local chromatin organization influences gene expression, the capacity of Alu sequences to affect chromatin structure as demonstrated here may help to clarify some features of these elements.
Hydroxyurea versus busulfan in the treatment of chronic myelogenous leukemia

A RETROSPECTIVE ANALYSIS of 67 patients with chronic myelogenous leukemia treated with hydroxyurea (41 patients) and busulfan (26 patients) compared the effectiveness of treatment and resulting survival. After 4 days of treatment, the white blood count in the hydroxyurea group fell at a rate of 31% ± 10% per day compared to 10% ± 8% for the busulfan group. At 6 months, the hemoglobin was similar, but in the busulfan group, the white blood count was significantly lower (12,500 vs. 29,900) (p = <0.03). The platelet count was lower (311,000 vs. 481,000) in the busulfan group; however, the difference was not significant. When treatment was discontinued because of progression of the disease, the hemoglobin and white blood counts for both groups were similar. The platelet count was higher in the hydroxyurea group (762,000 vs. 269,000) (p <0.02). The duration of therapy for both groups was similar. The median survival was also similar (hydroxyurea = 51 months; busulfan = 45 months). Hydroxyurea was associated with less life-threatening toxicity. Hydroxyurea is as effective as busulfan in treating chronic myelogenous leukemia.
Topology of the 32‐kd liver gap junction protein determined by site‐directed antibody localizations.

Synthetic peptides corresponding to sequences in the human liver gap junction protein were chemically synthesized and used for generation of peptide antisera to defined sequences in the protein. The antibodies were affinity purified and characterized by demonstrating that they specifically recognized both their corresponding synthetic peptide (as indicated by dot blot analysis) and the native 32‐kd gap junction protein (by immunoblotting). The specificity of a subset of the different site‐specific antibodies was subsequently confirmed by demonstration of their binding to specific gap junction fragments produced by treatment with a lysine‐specific endoproteinase. Immunoelectron microscopy was used to localize the specific peptide antibody epitopes to either the cytoplasmic or extracellular surfaces of the gap junction. Results indicate a transmembrane orientation for the protein with the amino and carboxyl termini located on the cytoplasmic side of the membrane. Based on these data, a model is proposed for the transmembrane folding of the gap junction protein.
Complications of Ophthalmic Regional Blocks: Their Treatment and Prevention

Complications following ophthalmic regional anaesthesia are rare but are reported during both needle (intraconal and extraconal blocks) and blunt cannula (sub-Tenon’s block) techniques. At present there is no perfect technique of ophthalmic regional anaesthesia. This article reports on the complications, treatment and prevention of commonly used ophthalmic regional blocks. Thorough knowledge of the measures required to deal with complications when they occur are of paramount importance for safe clinical practice.
Automated recognition of epilepsy from EEG signals

In this study, it is aimed to design an automatic pattern recognition system for the detection of epilepsy which distinguishes healthy and seizure electroencephalography (EEG) signals. During the study, 100 EEG signals from patients were used during the opened eyes and healthy epileptic seizures. Each EEG signal consisting of 4096 samples was divided into 256 samples and a total of 3200 signals were obtained. The designed pattern recognition system has been developed in 3 basic parts. In the first part, the power spectral density (PSD) estimation is performed with the periodogram and Welch methods and the frequency domain information of the EEG signals is obtained. In the second part, the feature vectors are found from the frequency domain information obtained in the periodogram and Welch PSD estimation. In the third part, healthy EEG signals from the eigenvectors obtained by using K-Nearest Neighbor Algorithm (K-NN) and Support Vector Machine (SVM) classifiers are distinguished from pathological EEG signals. 5-fold cross-validation method was used in evaluating the accuracy performance of the designed system. The total classification accuracy of the system was found to be 99.66% with K-NN, 99.72% with SVM for periodogram PSD estimation and 99.72% with K-NN, 99.75% with SVM for Welch PSD estimation. The results of the pattern recognition system designed in the study are promising because they are close to the work done with different approaches in the literature. The pattern recognition system designed here is not a diagnostic tool. It is foreseen that physicians may be useful in evaluating preliminary diagnosis.
Attitude of Teachers' Towards the use of Technology

"Instruction ends in school room, but education ends only life". The quality of the learning in derided by the quality of teachers and by the way the teachers engage the learners in their class room. So class room teaching demands more innovation and improvisation in the new millennium. In recent years there has been a groundswell of interest in how computers and the internet can best be harnessed to improve the efficiency and effectiveness of education at all levels. Now ICT is playing a remarkable role in the education sector. Finding that access to digital communication technology has made learning more interesting and boythe, this study was undertaken to identify the attitude of secondary school teachers towards the use of technology in their classroom, and to study the influence of sex, locality, teaching experience and type of management of school towards use of technology.
Mutational analysis of human papillomavirus type 16 E7 functions

The human papillomavirus type 16 E7 gene encodes a nuclear oncoprotein (98 amino acids [AAs] long) consisting of three regions: regions 1 (AAs 1 to 20) and 2 (AAs 21 to 40), which show high homology to the sequences of conserved domains 1 and 2, respectively, of adenovirus E1A; and region 3 (AAs 41 to 98) containing two metal-binding motifs Cys-X-X-Cys (AAs 58 and 91 to 94). We constructed AA deletion (substitution) mutants and single-AA substitution mutants of E7 placed under the control of the simian virus 40 promoter and examined their biological functions. Stable expression of E7 protein in monkey COS-1 cells required almost the entire length of E7 and was markedly lowered by the mutations in region 3. Transactivation of the adenovirus E2 promoter in monkey CV-1 cells was lowered by the mutations. It was abolished by changing Cys-24 to Gly and markedly decreased by a mutation at His-2 or at the metal-binding motifs in region 3. Focal transformation of rat 3Y1 cells by E7 was eliminated by changing His-2 to Asp or Cys-24 to Gly and was greatly impaired by changing Cys-61 or Cys-94 to Gly. The transforming function survived mutations at Leu-13 and Cys-68 and deletion of Asp-Ser-Ser (AAs 30 to 32). The data suggest that regions 1 to 3 are required for its functions and that the meta-binding motifs in region 3 are required to maintain a stable or functional structure of the E7 protein.
The CKD-EPI and MDRD equations to estimate GFR. Validation in the Swedish Lund-Malmö Study cohort

Abstract Objective. To compare the recently developed CKD-EPI equation to estimate GFR in adult Swedish-Caucasians with the MDRD equation. Material and methods. Swedish-Caucasians (N = 850, 376 females; median age 60, range 5–95 years) referred for plasma iohexol-clearance (median 55, range 5–223 mL/min/1.73 m2) constituted the Lund-Malmö Study cohort. Bias, precision (interquartile range, IQR, of the differences between estimated and measured GFR), accuracy expressed as percentage of estimates ±10% (P10) and ±30% (P30) of measured GFR, and classification ability for five GFR stages <15, 15–29, 30–59, 60–89 and ≥90 mL/min/1.73 m2 were compared. Results. Overall there were no important differences between the equations; CKD-EPI/MDRD median values of bias +5.4%/+3.4%, IQR both 14 mL/min/1.73 m2, P10 36%/34%, P30 both 80%, and correctly classified GFR stages 68%/67%. P30 for the CKD-EPI equation was substantially higher than for MDRD at GFR ≥90 mL/min/1.73 m2 (93% versus 79%). The MDRD equation performed better in the GFR interval 30–89 mL/min/1.73 m2, while accuracy was limited for both equations at GFR <30 mL/min/1.73 m2 (P30 <75% in both females and males). The CKD-EPI/MDRD equations caused a +22%/+14% bias in the 18–39 year interval and the MDRD equation a +18% bias ≥80 years. Both equations performed poorly in males with BMI <20 kg/m2 (CKD-EPI/MDRD median bias +36%/46%). Conclusion. Overall the recently developed CKD-EPI equation performed well but was not superior to the MDRD equation. The CKD-EPI equation may be preferred in screenings of general populations and in the elderly. None of the equations appeared reliable among patients with markedly decreased GFR, young adults and underweight males.
Correlation of histological findings of single session Er:YAG skin fractional resurfacing with various passes and energies and the possible clinical implications

Ablative fractional resurfacing shows promise for skin resurfacing and tightening and also to improve treatment of epidermal and dermal pigmentary disorders. This study aimed at determining any correlation between epidermal ablation and effects on the dermis when using an Er:YAG laser in ablative fractional resurfacing mode.
The Role of State on Social Justice: An Analysis from Ibn Sina’s Perpective

Every nation attempts to provide welfare for its citizen such as better economic growth, social security and better life. All economic systems either Capitalism or Socialism has the same objective to provide welfare for its nation. In Islam, welfare lies in complete justice, mercy, welfare, and wisdom; anything that departs from justice to injustice, from mercy to harshness, from welfare to misery and from wisdom to folly has nothing to do with the Shari’ah. The Islamic concept and values on welfare of the society are related to Islamic economic history that can be found from Qur’an and Sunnah and Islamic literatures such as history, fiqh, philosophy, kalam, and tasawwuf. it is assumed that there are some Muslim scholars whose works are related to role of state on welfare. Therefore, the study attempts to know the role of state on social justice derived from Ibn Sina and give some critical study on his thought. To achieve its objectives; this study employs qualitative research that refers to the meanings, concepts, definitions, characteristics, metaphors, symbols and descriptions of the matter understudy. Moreover, it is used content and descriptive analysis to get finding of the study. The data collection is generated from Islamic sources. The finding of this study is that Ibn Sina’s thought on state role to promote social justice containts of providing law, job opportunities and social security. These roles of state can contribute to harmony, peace and welfare of the society.
Currency derivatives for hedging: New evidence on determinants, firm risk, and performance

Employing firmâ€ level data for Korean firms, we find that firms with more export, more foreign currency debt, and higher exchange rate exposures are likely to use more currency derivatives for hedging. 2SLS regressions reveal that as more currency derivatives use does not lead to lower firm risk, such transactions, especially sell transactions, bring in higher firm values. Further, currency derivatives use by firms with high exposures is associated with lower firm risk but lower firm values as well. These findings suggest that currency derivatives work in hedging risk and protecting values for firms with low and manageable exposures.
Role of Complement and CD14 in Meconium-Induced Cytokine Formation

OBJECTIVE. Meconium aspiration syndrome has a complex, poorly defined pathophysiology. Meconium is a potent activator of complement in vitro and in vivo; the latter is associated with a systemic inflammatory response. The complement system and Toll-like receptors are 2 important upstream components of the innate immune system that act partly independently in the inflammatory network. The aim of this study was to investigate the relative role of complement and CD14 in meconium-induced cytokine production. METHODS. Human adult (n = 6) and cord whole blood (n = 6) anticoagulated with lepirudin was collected and distributed into tubes that contained inhibitory antibodies (anti-CD14, anti-C2, anti–factor D, or combinations thereof). The tubes were preincubated for 5 minutes before addition of meconium or buffer and then incubated for 4 hours at 37°C. Complement activation was measured by quantification of the terminal sC5b-9 complement complex by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. A panel of 27 inflammatory mediators (cytokines, chemokines, and growth factors) was measured by using multiplex technology. RESULTS. Fourteen of the 27 mediators measured were induced by meconium both in cord and adult blood. In cord blood, 2 additional chemokines were induced and the inflammatory response was, in general, more potent. Blocking of complement or CD14 differentially reduced the formation of most mediators, anti-CD14 being more effective. Notably, the combined inhibition of complement and CD14 almost completely abolished meconium-induced formation of the cytokines and the chemokines and markedly reduced the formation of growth factors. The endogenous lipopolysaccharide content of meconium could not explain the CD14-mediated response. CONCLUSIONS. Meconium-induced triggering of the cytokine network is differentially mediated by complement and CD14. A combined inhibition of these effector mechanisms may be an alternative approach to reduce the inflammatory reaction in meconium aspiration syndrome.
Mobility Enhancement of Peripheral PMOSFET Using e-SiGe Source and Drain in Sub-50nm DRAM

The mobility enhanced pMOS transistors have been successfully implemented into sub-50nm DRAM for the first time. The uni-axial strained channels were embodied by filling the recessed source/drain with epitaxial SiGe film. Mobility boosting and reduced external resistance enabled pMOS transistors to increase saturation current by 20%, and retarded boron diffusion reduced DIBL by 17mV/V compared to control process without degradation of DRAM cell data retention time characteristics. The local variation of threshold voltage is suppressed to the same level of control process. The hot electron induced punch-through (HEIP) degradation can be controlled to negligible degree.
Photoluminescence From Oxidized Macroporous Silicon: Nanoripples and Strained Silicon Nanostructures

We report synthesis of luminescent porous silicon (Si) having uniform macromorphology by sequential oxidation and etching of macroporous Si formed in a hydrofluoric acid and dimethylformamide solution. The macroporous template exhibits room-temperature photoluminescence (PL) with peaks in the blue/green region. Structural investigations reveal the formation of nanoripples and other strained nanostructured Si inside the pores of the oxidized samples. The room-temperature PL disappears, and the structure of the macropores changes on treating the oxidized templates with an alkaline solution. Based on these findings, we explicitly show that the origin of luminescence is due to the presence of nanoripples and strained Si nanostructures. Luminescent macroporous Si therefore reveals interesting physics but are untenable for application of light sources in optoelectronic devices.
Psychostimulant effect of levodopa: reversing sensitisation is possible

Background Levodopa therapy in Parkinson's disease (PD) is associated with non-motor complications resulting from sensitisation of the ventral striatum system. Recent studies showed an improvement in non-motor complications in PD patients with subthalamic stimulation. We hypothesised that ventral striatum desensitisation might contribute to this improvement. Methods Psychostimulant effects of levodopa were prospectively assessed in 36 PD patients with an acute levodopa challenge, before and 1 year after chronic subthalamic stimulation, using the Addiction Research Centre Inventory euphoria subscale. Postoperative evaluation was performed with the same dose of levodopa used in the preoperative assessment and after switching off stimulation. Preoperative and postoperative non-motor fluctuations in everyday life were investigated with the Ardouin Scale. Furthermore, in order to artificially reproduce non-motor fluctuations, a levodopa challenge keeping subthalamic stimulation on was performed to assess depression, anxiety and motivation before and after surgery under the different medication conditions. Results After 1 year of chronic subthalamic stimulation with 60.3% reduction in dopaminergic medication, the acute psychostimulant effects of levodopa were significantly reduced compared with preoperatively, as measured by the euphoria subscale (7.22±4.75 vs 4.75±5.68; p=0.0110). On chronic subthalamic stimulation and with markedly reduced dopaminergic medication, non-motor fluctuations were significantly improved. While off medication/on stimulation scores of depression and anxiety were improved, in the on medication/on stimulation condition the motivation score worsened. Conclusions Acute psychostimulant effects of levodopa (off stimulation) were significantly reduced 1 year after surgery. These findings are likely due to desensitisation of the ventral striatum, allowed by the reduction of dopaminergic treatment, and the replacement of pulsatile treatment with continuous subthalamic stimulation.