Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Defect in Peroxisome Proliferator-activated Receptor α-inducible Fatty Acid Oxidation Determines the Severity of Hepatic Steatosis in Response to Fasting*

Fasting causes lipolysis in adipose tissue leading to the release of large quantities of free fatty acids into circulation that reach the liver where they are metabolized to generate ketone bodies to serve as fuels for other tissues. Since fatty acid-metabolizing enzymes in the liver are transcriptionally regulated by peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor α (PPARα), we investigated the role of PPARα in the induction of these enzymes in response to fasting and their relationship to the development of hepatic steatosis in mice deficient in PPARα (PPARα−/−), peroxisomal fatty acyl-CoA oxidase (AOX−/−), and in both PPARα and AOX (double knock-out (DKO)). Fasting for 48–72 h caused profound impairment of fatty acid oxidation in both PPARα−/− and DKO mice, and DKO mice revealed a greater degree of hepatic steatosis when compared with PPARα−/− mice. The absence of PPARα in both PPARα−/− and DKO mice impairs the induction of mitochondrial β-oxidation in liver following fasting which contributes to hypoketonemia and hepatic steatosis. Pronounced steatosis in DKO mouse livers is due to the added deficiency of peroxisomal β-oxidation system in these animals due to the absence of AOX. In mice deficient in AOX alone, the sustained hyperactivation of PPARα and up-regulation of mitochondrial β-oxidation and microsomal ω-oxidation systems as well as the regenerative nature of a majority of hepatocytes containing numerous spontaneously proliferated peroxisomes, which appear refractory to store triglycerides, blunt the steatotic response to fasting. Starvation for 72 h caused a decrease in PPARα hepatic mRNA levels in wild type mice, with no perceptible compensatory increases in PPARγ and PPARδ mRNA levels. PPARγ and PPARδ hepatic mRNA levels were lower in fed PPARα−/− and DKO mice when compared with wild type mice, and fasting caused a slight increase only in PPARγ levels and a decrease in PPARδ levels. Fasting did not change the PPAR isoform levels in AOX−/− mouse liver. These observations point to the critical importance of PPARα in the transcriptional regulatory responses to fasting and in determining the severity of hepatic steatosis.
CHAPTER 3 Cognitive Patterns in Dreams and Daydreams

1. Dreams are wish fulfillment. Alternatively, following Freud, dreams are the guardian of sleep. 2. Dreams are an attempt at problem solving. This has been particularly elaborated by French. 3. Dreams are a manifestation of certain psychological processes of which the dreamer is totally unaware; that is, dreams spring from the unconscious. 4. The content of dreams is continuous with the content of the individual’s waking ideation and behavior (Adler). Or the opposite view has been advanced, namely that the content of the dream is reciprocal to the waking behavior.
Ethnobotanical assessment and nutritive potential of wild food plants.

Wild flora is an integral component of rural livelihoods and their exploitation has advocated for achieving the optimal dietary requirements. In this context, the current study presents systemic practice on traditional usage of wild dietary and medicinal plants in the recent scenarios of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa province of Pakistan. Ethnobotanical survey recorded 17 plants belonging to 14 families that are separately used as food and medicine by the indigenous population. The present study investigates their proximate composition, mineral profile, vitamin C, -carotene, and anti-nutritional factors. Analysis of the data revealed that the selected species contained significant amount of protein, crude fat, crude fiber and NFE. The crude protein and crude fat contents were ranged from 3.08 to 13.78% and 0.89 to 4.13%, respectively. Vitamin C content was highest in Oxalis stricta (52.48±5.57 mg 100g) and least amount was found in Zanthoxylum alatum (1.650.87 mg 100g) on fresh weight basis. -Carotene was found maximum in Nasturtium officinale (209.60 mg 100g) followed by Sisymbrium officinale and Rumex hastatus while minimum concentration was determined in Zanthoxylum alatum. Analysis of the mineral profile showed that potassium was present in highest quantity followed by calcium, phosphorus, sodium and iron. Similarly, anti-nutritional factors were noted in different ranges i.e. total oxalates (14.34-362.66), phytic acid (5.97-33.09), tannins (7.27-108.49) mg 100 g on fresh weight. It can be concluded from the present study that the investigated plant species are poor source of anti-nutritional factors and key source of nutracuticles which advocates the subject plants as wild edible species for human consumptions.
Distribution, tolerability and tissue compatibility of intrathecal tizanidine in the sheep

Background: Tizanidine (TZD) is an alpha‐2‐adrenergic drug with potential spinal analgesic action and could be a substitute or additive for intrathecal (i.t.) opiates in chronic pain treatment. However, long‐term tolerability and tissue compatibility are not yet established.
Should the Bee Suck Honey or Lard?: That is the question

Of all the nonpharmacologic endeavors available to diabetic patients to mitigate the complications of diabetes, none has as profound an effect as nutritional manipulation. There has, however, continued to be a great CHO versus fat controversy. The Papyrus Ebers, written around 1500 BC, advocated a high-CHO diet consisting of wheat grains, fruit, and sweet beer ‘to drive away the passing of too much urine. ’ Araetus the Cappadocian coined the term diabetes (to flow through), and prescribed starches, fruit, and sweet wines (1). These sentiments were echoed by the ADA in their consensus statement Nutritional Recommendations and Principles for Individuals with Diabetes Mellitus (2), first published in 1986. This statement recommended liberalizing CHO intake, not so much to replace the lost CHO, but to fill the void derived from a restriction in protein intake, to protect the kidney, and to reduce total fat intake to reduce morbidity and mortality from macrovascular disease. The recommendations of ADA were extremely similar to those being promoted by the AHA and the American Cancer Association, which are concerned with the possible relationship between fat intake, heart disease, and bowel and breast cancer. Other researchers, however, disagree with the liberalization of CHO intake. They argue that a high-CHO intake might worsen glycemic control, and suggest that a high-fat diet is much more palatable to the American public than a high-CHO diet. There is no doubt that meals for ‘fat teeth’ will always suit the hedonistic tendencies of our population. Nonetheless, considerable recent evidence strongly supports the 30% dietary-fat guideline recommended by ADA.
Reliability approach of high density Through Silicon Via (TSV)

This paper focuses on the link between initial electrical resistance of Through Silicon Via (TSV), and possible failure occurring during Thermal Cycling Test (TCT) and electromigration (EM) tests. Physical analyses reveal the presence of a carbon impurity layer at bottom of the higher resistance TSVs. This impurity induces failure during TCT, but has no impact on EM time to failure distribution. We also discuss the relevance of different electrical resistance failure criterions after TCT for a single TSV.
The political economy of computing

Our contention is not that HCI researchers and practitioners are unaware of the relationship between economy and technology; rather, that this does not typically figure in any deep way into our theories, practices, and designs. We in HCI face the reality of the larger economic system and its impact on our daily life and work, but we do not incorporate these understandings into our research and practice to the extent that we perhaps should. Researchers tend to focus on the cultural aspects of technology at the expense of the more material and economic facets. The recent Is there a relationship between computing and economy? Most of us, if asked, will answer this question in the affirmative, thinking probably of such things as jobs lost to automation, big money made with technological innovations, and smartphone apps that enable novel business transactions, communication, and entertainment. These are all good examples of the relationship, but they are merely small spots on the body of a huge elephant that we can call the political economy of computing. Computing and political economy are much more intertwined than current discourse in HCI admits. I Insights → The impositions and intrusions of the economic system in our sociotechnical arrangements are underemphasized. → The intense media and academic focus on exciting, innovative cultural activities tends to divert our collective attention from less glamorous but crucial matters. → System designs often benefit, de facto, the members of privileged socioeconomic classes.
Evidence for an inflammatory process in age-related macular degeneration gains new support.

A ge-related macular degeneration (AMD) is a sight-threatening eye disease that affects large numbers of the human population over the age of 65. It is particularly prevalent in European countries and in the United States, which has a large population of European descent. However, its incidence is increasing in Japan, as well, for reasons that are not clear (1). Currently, it is estimated that 1.75 million individuals suffer from this disease in the United States, and 7 million are said to be “at risk” (2). The emotional and socioeconomic impact of AMD is large because of reading and driving impairment caused by this disease, which primarily affects central (straight on) rather than peripheral (side) vision. The disease involves the macula of the retina, a region ≈6 mm in diameter that lies within the central axis of vision. The macula has an abundance of densely packed, specialized neurons called photoreceptor cells (rods and cones) that receive the visual stimulus and initiate a complicated cascade of biochemical and ionic events (phototransduction) that begin the visual process. A stratum of cells called the retinal pigment epithelium (RPE), resting like a single layer of paving stones on a bed of extracellular matrix called Bruch's membrane, separates the photoreceptor cells from their blood supply in the choroid (middle layer) of the eye wall. It is within the RPE layer and Bruch's membrane that the mischief leading to AMD is thought to begin. Risk factors for AMD are well established from epidemiologic studies (3). In addition to advanced age, the risk factors include ocular pigmentation, dietary factors, a positive family history for AMD, high blood pressure, and smoking. Insights into the etiology of AMD have been slow in development because of the late onset of the disease. However, recent access to the human genomic sequence has …
Tratamiento de la incontinencia de orina de esfuerzo con la técnica de Raz. Experiencia personal.

RESUMEN: Se presenta la experiencia personal con la operación de Raz en el tratamiento de la incontinencia de orina de esfuerzo (IOE) en 74 pacientes, desde 1982 a 1992. Se evaluaron 61 pacientes, las que fueron seguidas por un promedio de 22,15 meses con curación de 41 de ellas (67,5%) del signo de la IOE, y de 46 (75%) del síntoma: (esto significa que a pesar de comprobar IOE en el examen físico de control la paciente no refería IOE en sus actividades diarias). Se describe la técnica utilizada; se analizan las complicaciones y se concluye que la técnica es razonablemente segura, sencilla y útil para el tratamiento de la IOE a predominio de la alteración de la estática vesicouretral, con resultados duraderos en un 75% de nuestros casos. (Rev. Arg. de Urol. Vol.59, N 2, Pág. 77,1994)
Two phase estimation method for multi-classifying real life tweets

Purpose – This paper aims to propose a multi-label method that estimates appropriate aspects against unknown tweets using the two-phase estimation method. Many Twitter users share daily events and opinions. Some beneficial comments are posted on such real-life aspects as eating, traffic, weather and so on. Such posts as “The train is not coming” are categorized in the Traffic aspect. Such tweets as “The train is delayed by heavy rain” are categorized in both the Traffic and Weather aspects. Design/methodology/approach – The proposed method consists of two phases. In the first, many topics are extracted from a sea of tweets using Latent Dirichlet Allocation (LDA). In the second, associations among many topics and fewer aspects are built using a small set of labeled tweets. The aspect scores for tweets were calculated using associations based on the extracted terms. Appropriate aspects are labeled for unknown tweets by averaging the aspect scores. Findings – Using a large amount of actual tweets, the sophis.
PERCEPCIÓN DEL NIVEL DE SATISFACCIÓN DE LOS RESIDENTES CON LA ACTIVIDAD TURÍSTICA: CASO COMALA, COLIMA, MÉXICO

El turismo sustentable puede jugar un rol muy importante en el desarrollo de la comunidad, especialmente en areas en las que abundan los recursos naturales y culturales, aun faltando recursos financieros que permitan el crecimiento economico en otras vias. Sin embargo, cualquier esfuerzo promocional y de desarrollo puede tener consecuencias en las dimensiones clasicas del desarrollo sustentable: ecologicas, economicas y socio-culturales positivas y negativas, efectos que pueden estar intrincadamente unidos, por lo que pueden darse sinergias beneficas o relaciones inversas entre estas tres areas de impacto.
A new flux-barrier-type reluctance motor with a slit rotor

A reluctance motor, with a rotor which has many slits, is proposed. The slits are used to generate magnetic flux in the d-axis direction. In practice, the rotor, which has a fewer number of slits, is desired to increase productivity. With a fewer number of slits, torque ripple becomes large. Therefore, torque ripple reduction methods are also proposed. In simulations and experiments, rated torque of the proposed motor is 1.7/spl times/ as much as that of the conventional brushless DC motor with ferrite permanent magnets. The peak-to-peak (p-p) torque ripple is 1.5% p-p of the rated torque at the rated torque. The efficiency is 91% and the power factor is 61%, at the rated torque and 1200 min/sup -1/. The characteristics of the field weakening and the constant power control are also shown. The breakpoint frequency of speed controls is about 200 Hz. Therefore, the proposed reluctance motor is feasible for general applications.
Pancreatic malignancy: value of arterial, pancreatic, and hepatic phase imaging with multi-detector row CT.

PURPOSE To assess the value of arterial, pancreatic, and hepatic phase imaging at multi-detector row computed tomography (CT) of the pancreas for pancreatic malignancy. MATERIALS AND METHODS Thirty-nine patients suspected of having resectable pancreatic adenocarcinoma underwent triple-phase multi-detector row CT. Images obtained during each phase were interpreted by one radiologist who evaluated presence of tumor, vascular invasion, and flow artifacts in the superior mesenteric vein and measured attenuation of tumor, normal pancreas, aorta, and superior mesenteric vein. Results were compared with histologic, follow-up, and correlative imaging findings. RESULTS Mean tumor-to-gland attenuation difference was greatest on images obtained in the pancreatic phase (42 HU) versus that on those obtained in the hepatic phase (35 HU) and in the arterial phase (25 HU). For tumor detection, sensitivity of the images obtained in pancreatic (0.97 [29 of 30]) and hepatic (0.93 [28 of 30]) phases was superior to that of those obtained in arterial phase (0.63 [19 of 30]) (P < or =.008). For vascular invasion detection, sensitivity of images obtained in the hepatic phase (0.83) was better than that of those obtained in the pancreatic (0.58) and arterial (0.25) phases. Images obtained in the pancreatic phase demonstrated more flow artifacts and decreased attenuation in the superior mesenteric vein, compared with the artifacts revealed on images obtained in the hepatic phase. CONCLUSION Routine acquisition of images in the arterial phase is unnecessary for detection of pancreatic adenocarcinoma. Images of the pancreas obtained in the hepatic phase with multi-detector row CT most accurately display vascular invasion.
Whole‐cell calcium current in guinea‐pig ventricular myocytes dialysed with guanine nucleotides.

1. Whole‐cell calcium current (ICa) was recorded in guinea‐pig ventricular myocytes superfused with Na+,K(+)‐free solution and dialysed with a substrate‐free solution (minimum intracellular solution, MICS). A dual tight‐seal pipette method was often used to permit pressure‐enhanced dialysis of a test solution after a given pre‐dialysis. 2. In dual‐pipette experiments, test dialysates contained 100 mM‐GTP‐gamma‐S (guanosine 5'‐O‐(3‐thiotriphosphate] or 100 microM‐GMP‐PNP (guanyl‐5'‐imidodiphosphate). These non‐hydrolysable analogues of guanosine triphosphate (GTP) enhanced ICa amplitude (+ 10 mV) by 20‐40%. Dialysates containing 100 microM‐GTP or GDP‐beta‐S (guanosine 5'‐O‐(2‐thiodiphosphate] were ineffective, and pre‐dialysis with GDP‐beta‐S blocked stimulation by GTP‐gamma‐S. 3. Non‐hydrolysable GTP analogues slowed the inactivation of ICa and shifted the voltage eliciting maximum ICa by 5‐10 mV in the negative direction. 4. ICa enhancement by GTP analogues was attributed to the activation of three GTP‐binding regulatory (G) proteins (Gi, Gp and Gs). In single‐pipette experiments, the inactivation of Gi by pre‐treatment with pertussis toxin did not block enhancement, and a Gp‐activating regimen (external acetylcholine‐internal GTP) was without effect. Thus, it is probable that the effects of GTP analogues on ICa were primarily mediated by Gs activation. 5. PI‐MICS dialysates contained phosphorylation‐pathway inhibitors and were used to inhibit Ca2+ channel phosphorylation via the adenyl cyclase pathway. These were deemed effective since forskolin (1‐5 microM) doubled ICa during control dialysis but was without effect after 8 min PI‐MICS dialysis. However, 0.1 microM‐isoprenaline increased ICa by 35% in myocytes totally unresponsive to forskolin, suggesting that beta‐adrenergic receptor occupation can stimulate ICa even when the phosphorylation pathway is blocked. 6. After prolonged dialysis of myocytes with PI‐MICS, ICa was still enhanced by pressure‐assisted dialysis of 100 microM‐GTP‐gamma‐S or GMP‐PNP. We conclude that activated Gs has a direct effect on cardiac Ca2+ channels.
Pharmacokinetics of urinary metabolites of cannabidiol in the dog

The pharmacokinetics of cannabidiol (CBD) and six of its urinary metabolites was investigated in dogs. CBD was administered intravenously to three dogs, and urine was collected at specified time intervals over a period of 30h. The apparent terminal half‐life of CBD calculated from the slope of the sigma minus plot was significantly shorter (2h) than the half‐life of CBD calculated from plasma data (8h), and the apparent terminal half‐life of the metabolites was similar to that of the CBD calculated from plasma data, indicating that the elimination of these metabolites was formation rate limited.
DNA Optimization Threshold Autoregressive Prediction Model and Its Application in Ice Condition Time Series

There are many parameters which are very difficult to calibrate in the threshold autoregressive prediction model for nonlinear time series. The threshold value, autoregressive coefficients, and the delay time are key parameters in the threshold autoregressive prediction model. To improve prediction precision and reduce the uncertainties in the determination of the above parameters, a new DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) optimization threshold autoregressive prediction model (DNAOTARPM) is proposed by combining threshold autoregressive method and DNA optimization method. The above optimal parameters are selected by minimizing objective function. Real ice condition time series at Bohai are taken to validate the new method. The prediction results indicate that the new method can choose the above optimal parameters in prediction process. Compared with improved genetic algorithm threshold autoregressive prediction model (IGATARPM) and standard genetic algorithm threshold autoregressive prediction model (SGATARPM), DNAOTARPM has higher precision and faster convergence speed for predicting nonlinear ice condition time series.
Does Context Discriminate Recollection from Familiarity in Recognition Memory?

Five experiments were conducted to examine subjects’ ability to make contextual judgements about recognized items for which they report recollective experience or only familiarity within the context of the experiment. In the first four experiments, subjects were able to make judgements of the spatiotemporal context of items that were accompanied by recollective experience significantly better than for items they merely found familiar. In only one of the four studies did subjects display above-chance performance on spatiotemporal judgements for merely familiar items. A fifth experiment examined the frequency with which subjects report the presence of different kinds of contextual knowledge during a standard recognition experiment. All aspects of contextual knowledge were reported with higher frequencies for recollected items than for items only found familiar, although no single contextual feature was strongly associated with recollective experience. Thus, the five studies together provide converging evidence for the validity of the “recollect-know” distinction in recognition memory and supplement studies that have already demonstrated that the two kinds of response are dissociable. The implications of these data for group comparisons of memory-impaired patients, and the role of context in recognition memory are discussed.
Thyroid‐Stimulating Hormone Restores Bone Volume, Microarchitecture, and Strength in Aged Ovariectomized Rats*

We show the systemic administration of low levels of TSH increases bone volume and improves bone microarchitecture and strength in aged OVX rats. TSH's actions are mediated by its inhibitory effects on RANKL‐induced osteoclast formation and bone resorption coupled with stimulatory effects on osteoblast differentiation and bone formation, suggesting TSH directly affects bone remodeling in vivo.
Computer addiction: implications for nursing psychotherapy practice.

TOPIC Nurse psychotherapists will encounter the impact of today's technology on the daily lives of people including computer addiction. Computer addiction may also present with comorbidities such as depression, gambling, substance abuse, and marital infidelity and divorce. PURPOSE This overview article presents what is currently documented in the literature regarding the incidence, symptomatology, and nursing psychotherapy interventions relevant to computer addiction and its treatment. Issues presented include computer addiction, virtual relationships, online marital infidelity, and compulsive online sexual behavior. SOURCES Review of literature from Medline, Psychoinfo, CINAHL, and current texts. CONCLUSIONS Given the increased use of computers in today's society, there is the potential for overuse of technology and neglect of others and self as a result of computer addiction. Computer disorders also present themselves as marital or couple discord with the potential for online extramarital affairs and compulsive sexual online behavior. A summary and an assessment tool are provided to guide the nurse psychotherapist in practice.