Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
An Analysis Of Tourist Satisfaction And Desitnation Loyality: A Study Of Sri Krishna Museum In Kurushetra

Tourist satisfaction and destination loyalty is essential tools used to gather information regarding tourists’ opinions of a destination. Revisit intention and positive word of mouth recommendation have been regarded as indicators of destination loyalty. The aim of this study is to analyze the tourist satisfaction and destination loyalty towards Sri Krishna Museum of Kurukshetra (Haryana). The study is based on both primary and secondary data source. But more importantly it is empirical in nature. The data for the study was collected through a structured questionnaire from 152 tourists by adopting simple random sampling technique from November, 2013 to April, 2014. The data analysis is based on the suitable statistical tools such as frequency distribution, percentage, mean, arithmetic mean and ranking method. The tables and graphs were used to present the result of the study. The result of the study indicated that tourists were showed variation in satisfaction based on different attributes. More significantly mostly tourists will show as positive attitude towards revisit and willingness to recommend the museum to others. The findings also conclude some recommendations and suggestions helping tourism marketer and planners to develop strategies to increase tourist arrival and to ensure repeat visitation.
Strategies to optimize renoprotective therapy in proteinuric renal patients

Data from recent clinical trials show that lowering of blood pressure reduces the rate of renal function loss in chronic renal disease. Much evidence supports the hypothesis that blood pressure lowering obtained by intervention in the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) has an additive renoprotective effect both in diabetic and non-diabetic renal diseases. However, to dissociate between blood pressure dependent and non-blood-pressure dependent action of RAAS blockade, the relevant trials are in many cases flawed by design, resulting in blood pressure differences between the comparative antihypertensive strategies. This review discusses whether the relevant literature allows concluding that RAAS intervention has renoprotective effects in addition to its effects on blood pressure. In particular, the main evidence for a specific renoprotective action of RAAS blockade is provided by its consistent antiproteinuric action, which cannot completely be attributed to the reduction in blood pressure. Indeed, other strategies that lower proteinuria without having an antihypertensive effect, such as lowering dietary protein intake or the use of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, appear to have a renoprotective effect as well. Interestingly, a consistent finding across different intervention studies is that the more proteinuria is reduced, the better the kidney appears to be protected. Therefore, it is concluded that agent-characteristics of RAAS intervention ( i.e. , antiproteinuric properties) independently influence renal function loss, in addition to its blood pressure lowering effect. Future studies should further explore the renoprotective benefit of non-antihypertensive intervention measures, alone and in combination with antihypertensive strategies.
Data resource profile: Clinical Practice Research Datalink (CPRD) Aurum

Clinical Practice Research Datalink (CPRD) is a UK government, not-for-profit research service that has been supplying anonymized primary care data for public health research for more than 30 years. In October 2017 CPRD launched a new data resource called CPRD Aurum. CPRD Aurum is a database containing routinely collected data from primary care practices in England, capturing diagnoses, symptoms, prescriptions, referrals and tests for over 19 million patients as of September 2018 (Figure 1). Primary care data in CPRD Aurum have been linked to national secondary care databases as well as deprivation and death registration data (Table 1).
Every Coin Has Two Sides: Reactive Oxygen Species during Rice–Magnaporthe oryzae Interaction

Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are involved in many important processes, including the growth, development, and responses to the environments, in rice (Oryza sativa) and Magnaporthe oryzae. Although ROS are known to be critical components in rice–M. oryzae interactions, their regulations and pathways have not yet been completely revealed. Recent studies have provided fascinating insights into the intricate physiological redox balance in rice–M. oryzae interactions. In M. oryzae, ROS accumulation is required for the appressorium formation and penetration. However, once inside the rice cells, M. oryzae must scavenge the host-derived ROS to spread invasive hyphae. On the other side, ROS play key roles in rice against M. oryzae. It has been known that, upon perception of M. oryzae, rice plants modulate their activities of ROS generating and scavenging enzymes, mainly on NADPH oxidase OsRbohB, by different signaling pathways to accumulate ROS against rice blast. By contrast, the M. oryzae virulent strains are capable of suppressing ROS accumulation and attenuating rice blast resistance by the secretion of effectors, such as AvrPii and AvrPiz-t. These results suggest that ROS generation and scavenging of ROS are tightly controlled by different pathways in both M. oryzae and rice during rice blast. In this review, the most recent advances in the understanding of the regulatory mechanisms of ROS accumulation and signaling during rice–M. oryzae interaction are summarized.
Variations in the proliferative activity of the peripheral retina correlate with postnatal ocular growth in squamate reptiles

The retina is a complex, multilayered tissue responsible for the perception of visual stimuli from the environment. Contrary to mammals, the capacity for postnatal eye growth in fish and amphibians, and to a lower extent in birds, is coordinated with a progenitor population residing in the ciliary marginal zone (CMZ) at the retinal peripheral margin. However, little is known about embryonic retinogenesis and postnatal retinal growth in squamates (lizards, snakes), despite their exceptional array of ecologies and ocular morphologies. Here, we address this gap by performing the first large‐scale study assessing both ontogenetic and adult changes in the stem/progenitor activity of the squamate peripheral retina. Our study reveals for the first time that squamates exhibit a source of proliferating progenitors persisting post embryogenesis in a newly identified retinociliary junction anteriorly adjacent to the retina. This region is strikingly similar to the vertebrate CMZ by its peripheral location and pseudostratified nature, and shares a common pattern of slow‐cycling cells, spatial differentiation gradient, and response to postnatal ocular growth. Additionally, its proliferative activity varies considerably among squamate species, in correlation with embryonic and postnatal differences in eye size and growth. Together our data indicate that squamates possess a proliferative peripheral retina that acts as a source of progenitors to compensate, at least in part, for postnatal ocular growth. Our findings also highlight the remarkable variation in activity and location of vertebrate retinal progenitors, indicating that the currently accepted scenario of reduced CMZ activity over the course of evolution is too simplistic.
Consumer Information and Price Transmission: Empirical Evidence*

We investigate how consumer information affects price adjustment in the Austrian retail gasoline market. Our measure of consumer information is obtained from detailed census data on commuting behavior, as commuters can freely sample prices on their commuting route and are thus better informed about prices. A threshold error-correction model suggests that prices adjust more quickly if cost shocks exceed certain thresholds. Parametric and semiparametric regressions show that a larger share of informed consumers increases both transmission speed and pass-through elasticity. Better informed consumers reduce the asymmetry in thresholds, but have no effect on the asymmetry in the speed of adjustment.
An Important Tool for Purifying Pesticides from Soil: Phytoremediation

Anahtar Kelimeler Fitoremediasyon, Pestisit Kalıntı, Yarılanma Süresi Öz: Pestisitler bitki koruma önlemleri arasında en fazla uygulananıdır. Ancak, pestisitlerin tarımsal alanlarda bilinçsiz ve yoğun bir şekilde kullanımı bazı ekosistem problemlerine neden olur. Pestisitlerin sınıflandırma şekillerinden biri de topraktaki yarılanma sürelerine göre yapılanıdır. Bu sınıflandırmada pestisitler kalıcı değil, orta derece kalıcı, kalıcı ve devamlı kalıcı olarak 4 gruba ayrılırlar. Kullanılan pestisitler arasında toprakta çok çabuk parçalananları olduğu gibi yıllarca toprakta kalabilenleri de vardır. Zamanla bilim insanları doğanın, özellikle kalıcı pestisitlerden, temizlenmesi gerektiğini fark etmişler ve pestisitleri topraktan arındırmak için değişik yöntemler denemişlerdir. Fitoremediasyon da bu yöntemlerden biridir ve toprağın kirleticilerden arındırılmasında bitki ve bitkilerle ilişkili mikroorganizmaların kullanıldığı ekolojik bir temizlik yöntemidir. Fitoremediasyona bitkisel arıtım ya da yeşil ıslah da denilmektedir. Fitoremediasyon yönteminin altında 6 adet farklı alt yöntem yer almaktadır. Bunlar; fitoekstraksiyon, fitotransformasyon, fitovolatilizasyon, fitostabilizasyon, rhizodegradasyon ve rhizofiltrasyon’dur. Fitoremediasyon yöntemi ile klorlu pestisitler, organofosforlu pestisitler ve poliklorlu bifeniller topraktan temizlenebilmektedir. Bu amaçla ayçiçeği, siyah söğüt, kırmızı dut, yonca, su sümbülü ve bazı kabak çeşitleri gibi bitkiler kullanılabilmektedir. Topraklarımızda pestisit kirliliği gün geçtikçe artmaktadır. Bu çalışmada fitoremediasyonla topraktan arındırılabilen pestisitler konusunda yapılan güncel çalışmaları derleyerek yeni çalışmalara ışık tutulması amaçlanmıştır.
Antineoplastic Effects of Simvastatin in Experimental Breast Cancer

1 Department of Medical Biology, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University, Martin, Slovak Republic 2 Department of Biology and Ecology, Faculty of Education, Catholic University in Ružomberok, Slovak Republic 3 Department of Pathological Anatomy, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University, Martin, and BB Biocyt, Diagnostic Centre, Ltd., Banská Bystrica, Slovak Republic 4 Department of Animal Physiology, Institute of Biological and Ecological Sciences, Science Faculty, P. J. Šafárik University, Košice, Slovak Republic
Scientists Study New Ways to Slow Diabetic Kidney Disease Progression

Experimental strategies that reduce cell death or reverse epigenetic changes in kidney cells are being studied to help protect the kidneys in patients with diabetes. Treatment options for diabetic kidney disease have grown in recent years with the availability of 2 new classes of drugs, the sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors (SGLT2) and the glucagon-like peptide 1 agonists (GLP1), noted a recent review in Nature Reviews Nephrology. These agents help lower a patient’s blood sugar levels and are used alongside renin angiotensin system inhibitors (RAS) and other traditional diabetes management methods. Mark Cooper, PhD, head of the department of diabetes at Monash University in Melbourne, Australia, noted that the hotly awaited final results of the CREDENCE trial of the SGLT2 inhibitor canagliflozin, which was stopped early in July 2018 because the kidney benefits for patients were positive, may seal the role of these drugs in clinical care. Cooper co-authored the review in Nature Reviews Nephrology. Additionally, results from the AWARD-7 trial showed the GLP1 agonist dulaglutide helped control blood sugar and slow kidney decline in patients with diabetes. Now, ongoing studies are exploring additional approaches that also help slow kidney damage caused by diabetes. One such approach aims to block an enzyme called apoptosis signal regulating kinase 1 (ASK1) and has entered clinical trials. Another, which is still being explored in animal studies, seeks to reverse epigenetic changes that may contribute to the loss of podocytes and kidney function. While these emerging strategies remain years from the clinic, they add to optimism that future therapies for kidney disease may better preserve kidney function. “It is an exciting time for diabetic kidney disease; it looks like the SGLT inhibitors will turn out to be proven and then there’s quite a few promising add-ons like the GLP1 agonist and then the ASK1 inhibitors,” Cooper said. “If they turn out to deliver, you’ve actually got evidence that diabetic kidney disease [DKD] can really be treated, because, until now, they are really just trying to slow it down. ” By Bridget M. Kuehn May 2019 | Vol. 11, Number 5
A nuclear localization signal targets tail-anchored membrane proteins to the inner nuclear envelope in plants

ABSTRACT Protein targeting to the inner nuclear membrane (INM) is one of the least understood protein targeting pathways. INM proteins are important for chromatin organization, nuclear morphology and movement, and meiosis, and have been implicated in human diseases. In opisthokonts, one mechanism for INM targeting is transport factor-mediated trafficking, in which nuclear localization signals (NLSs) function in nuclear import of transmembrane proteins. To explore whether this pathway exists in plants, we fused the SV40 NLS to a plant ER tail-anchored protein and showed that the GFP-tagged fusion protein was significantly enriched at the nuclear envelope (NE) of leaf epidermal cells. Airyscan subdiffraction limited confocal microscopy showed that this protein displays a localization consistent with an INM protein. Nine different monopartite and bipartite NLSs from plants and opisthokonts, fused to a chimeric tail-anchored membrane protein, were all sufficient for NE enrichment, and both monopartite and bipartite NLSs were sufficient for trafficking to the INM. Tolerance for different linker lengths and protein conformations suggests that INM trafficking rules might differ from those in opisthokonts. The INM proteins developed here can be used to target new functionalities to the plant nuclear periphery. This article has an associated First Person interview with the first author of the paper. Highlighted Article: A nuclear localization signal and a terminal transmembrane domain are sufficient to allow trafficking of proteins to the inner nuclear envelope in plants.
A Novel Small Molecule, ZY354, Inhibits Dental Caries-Associated Oral Biofilms

Biofilm control is a critical approach to the better management of dental caries. Antimicrobial small molecules have shown their potential in the disruption of oral biofilm and control of dental caries. ABSTRACT Biofilm control is a critical approach to the better management of dental caries. Antimicrobial small molecules have shown their potential in the disruption of oral biofilm and control of dental caries. The objectives of this study were to examine the antimicrobial activity and cytotoxicity of a newly designed small-molecule compound, ZY354. ZY354 was synthesized, and its cytotoxicity was evaluated in human oral keratinocytes (HOK), human gingival epithelial cells (HGE), and macrophages (RAW) by CCK-8 assays. Minimal inhibitory concentrations (MICs), minimum bactericidal concentrations (MBCs), minimum biofilm inhibition concentrations (MBICs), and minimum biofilm reduction concentrations (MBRCs) of ZY354 against common oral streptococci (i.e., Streptococcus mutans, Streptococcus gordonii, and Streptococcus sanguinis) were determined by microdilution method. The exopolysaccharide (EPS)/bacterium ratio and the dead/live bacterium ratio in the ZY354-treated multispecies biofilms were determined by confocal laser scanning microscopy, and the microbial composition was visualized and quantified by fluorescent in situ hybridization and quantitative PCR (qPCR). The demineralizing activity of ZY354-treated biofilms was evaluated by transverse microradiography. The results showed that ZY354 exhibited low cytotoxicity in HOK, HGE, and RAW cells and exhibited potent antimicrobial activity against common oral streptococci. The EPS and the abundance of S. mutans were significantly reduced after ZY354 treatment, along with an increased dead/live microbial ratio in multispecies biofilms compared to the level with the nontreated control. The ZY354-treated multispecies biofilms exhibited reduced demineralizing activity at the biofilm/enamel interface. In conclusion, the small-molecule compound ZY354 exhibits low cytotoxicity and remarkable antimicrobial activity against oral streptococci, and it may have a great potential in anticaries clinical applications.
Compact ACS-Fed Quad-Band Antenna for LTE/WLAN/5G Applications

Based on the characteristics of dual-sided paralleled stripe in impedance tuning, the antenna was miniaturized by using the ACS feeding structure. A compact quad-band antenna was designed and implemented. The proposed antenna volume is about 50% smaller than the original design. The overall size is only 40mm × 15mm × 1.5mm. The resonant frequency of the proposed antenna is optimized and increased to four, which are 1.93GHz - 2.2GHz, 3.2GHz - 4.2GHz, 4.5GHz - 4.7GHz and 5.4GHz - 5.8GHz, respectively. The proposed antenna is suitable for 2.1/3.5GHz LTE, 5.8GHz WLAN and 3.5/4.5GHz 5G network application.
The relevance of solid state properties of aminoglycoside antibiotics to dry powder dispersion in a DPI

Aminoglycosides are scarcely absorbed via the gastro-intestinal tract, and for that reason they are often administered by injection, which is an invasive administration technique. Tobramycin for the treatment of pulmonary infections is currently also nebulised after early inhalation studies with this drug in the 1980s showed promising results against Pseudomonas aeruginosa in Cystic Fibrosis patients. However, nebulisation has many disadvantages. The technique is ineffective, laborious and time-consuming and, thus, a burden to the patient. Dry powder inhalation may be a suitable alternative administration method for this type of drug, but in contrast with many other high dose drugs aminoglycosides have rather inappropriate properties for inhalation. Moreover, it is relatively unknown which, and to what extent, solid state and particle properties of the aminoglycosides (e.g. tobramycin, kanamycin and amikacin) are relevant to dispersion and device retention during inhalation. To make inhalation as dry powder feasible aminoglycoside antibiotics are often particle engineered to increase the consistency of delivered fine particle dose. However, many engineered inhalation particles contain relatively high amounts of excipients and this may significantly increase the amount of powder to be inhaled. In addition, the processes with which they are manufactured are frequently complex, involving a series of successive unit operations, which makes the powders expensive and vulnerable to batch variations. Therefore, our aim was to investigate whether pure aminoglycosides can be used as inhalation powder in an adapted inhaler design by selecting the most appropriate physical form (spray dried or micronised), salt or base and water content. For design and development of the dry powder inhaler, we selected tobramycin as a model compound. Tobramycin can be purchased either as free base or as sulphate salt of which the latter has a significantly higher molecular weight, which increases the powder dose to be inhaled. In this chapter, it is shown that the salt and the base, as well as different forms of the base, display different moisture sorption behaviour. The conclusions of this chapter are that spray dried tobramycin free base seems to be the most suitable candidate for pulmonary administration as pure drug without excipients. We also consider a disposable DPI most appropriate for hygroscopic aminoglycosides (and pulmonary antibiotics in general), to prevent that bacterial resistance development in the drug administration occurs and that retained particles absorb moisture and disturb following administrations.
Detecting Anomalies Among Practice Sites Within Multicenter Trials: An Application of Transportability Methods to the TOPCAT and ACCORD BP Trials

Background: Recent multisite trials reveal striking heterogeneities in results between trial sites. These may be because of population differences indicating different treatment benefits among different types of participants or site anomalies, such as failures to adhere to study protocols that could negatively affect study validity. We sought to determine whether a new data analysis strategy—transportability methods—could suggest site anomalies not readily identified through standard methods. Methods and Results: We applied transportability methods to 2 large, multicenter cardiovascular disease treatment trials: the TOPCAT trial (Treatment of Preserved Cardiac Function Heart Failure With an Aldosterone Antagonist; n=3445) comparing spironolactone to placebo for heart failure (for which site anomalies were suspected) and the ACCORD BP trial (Action to Control Cardiovascular Risk in Diabetes–Blood Pressure; n=4733) comparing intensive-to-standard blood pressure treatment (for which site anomalies were not suspected). The transportability methods give expected results by standardizing from one site to another using data on participant covariates. The difference between the expected and observed results was assessed using calibration tests to identify whether treatment-effect differences between sites could be explained by participant population characteristics. Standard regression methods did not detect heterogeneities in TOPCAT between Russia/Georgia study sites suspected of study protocol violations and sites in the Americas (P=0.12 for difference in primary cardiovascular outcome; P=0.20 for difference in total mortality). The transportability methods, however, detected the difference between Russia/Georgia sites and sites in the Americas (P<0.001) and found that measured participant characteristics did not explain the between-site discrepancies. The transport methods found no such discrepancies between sites in ACCORD BP, suggesting participant characteristics explained between-site differences. Conclusions: Transportability methods may be superior to standard approaches for detecting anomalies within multicenter randomized trials and assist data monitoring boards to determine whether important treatment-effect heterogeneities can be attributed to participant differences or potentially to site performance differences requiring further investigation.
Transparency and Control in Platforms for Networked Markets

Platforms: How Much and What Should They Control? Platforms exert control in many ways: from determining which buyers are shown to which sellers to directly controlling allocation of aggregate supply across different consumer markets. How should platforms exercise control to increase social welfare? In “Transparency and Control in Platforms for Networked Markets,” authors J. Pang, W. Lin, H. Fu, J. Kleeman, E. Bitar, and A. Wierman examine the trade-offs that emerge between efficiency loss, transparency, and control across different platform designs. They show that open access platforms incentivize increased production toward perfectly competitive levels and limit efficiency loss, whereas controlled allocation designs can lead to supply-side withholding, resulting in unbounded efficiency loss. Balancing transparency and control, discriminatory access designs strictly improve upon the worst-case efficiency loss of both open access and controlled allocation platforms. Besides providing insights into the design and operation of two-sided platforms, this paper contributes to the growing theory of Cournot competition in networked markets.