Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Microwave Ceramic Dielectrics and Their Applications

Many kinds of dielectric resonator materials have been developed since 1970, and in the present decade, the Q values of these have been remarkably improved. Dielectric resonators with dielectric constant from 20 to 90 are now available, and they are being used for appilications such as microwave filters and oscillators. Along with material development, new techniques and designs have been developed and applied to dielectric filters.
Analytical Torque Calculations and Experimental Testing of Permanent Magnet Axial Eddy Current Brake

This paper discusses the braking torque and normal force analysis of axial flux permanent magnet (AFPM)-type eddy current brakes (ECB) on the basis of an analytical field computation using a space harmonic method. On the basis of the magnetic vector potential and a 2D polar coordinate system, permanent magnets considering the eddy current effect are obtained. Additionally, by utilizing the derived analytical field solutions, the braking torque and normal force are predicted. Finite element analysis is employed to confirm the validity of the analysis and compare it with the experimental results obtained from the prototype AFPM-type ECB.
Selection of optimal location and rated power of capacitor banks in distribution network using genetic algorithm

In this paper, the problem of placement and rated power of capacitor banks in the Distribution Network (DN) is considered. We try to suggest the best places for installing capacitor banks and define their reactive power. The considered formulation requires the optimization of the cost of two different objectives. Therefore the use of properly multiobjective heuristic optimization methods is desirable. To solve this problem we use a heuristic method such as Genetic Algorithm. The first goal is to achieve a voltage level in every nodes of the power network on requied level. The second goal is to limit the cost connected with buying and installing capacitors. Finally, numerical results on a distribution system demonstrate that the proposed formulation and approach are effective and feasible for finding an optimal plecement of capacitor banks.
A partially observed optimal control problem for mean-field type forward-backward stochastic system

This paper studies an optimal control problem derived by mean-field type forward-backward stochastic system, whose novel features are as follows: (i) Both the state equation and the cost functional are of mean-field type; (ii) The observation depends on the control; (iii) The drift coefficient of the observation equation is linear with respect to the state x. These features result in intrinsic difficulties in solving the control problem. Using a backward separation method with a decomposition technique, these difficulties are overcome and a maximum principle for optimality is derived. An asset-liability management model with recursive utility is worked out and is explicitly solved by the maximum principle and the filtering of forward-backward stochastic system.
Evidence of a resource trade-off between growth and chemical defenses among Caribbean coral reef sponges

Like all organisms, sponges allocate resources to life functions such as growth and reproduction. Additionally, some sponges are defended by secondary metabolites that deter poten- tial predators. Assuming resources are limiting, species that produce defensive metabolites should allocate fewer resources to growth and reproduction. To test the hypothesis that there is a trade-off between chemical defense and growth, predator exclusion experiments were conducted to compare the growth rates of 7 common Caribbean sponge species with similar branching morphologies: chem- ically undefended species Callyspongia armigera, Iotrochota birotulata and Niphates erecta, and defended species Amphimedon compressa, Aplysina cauliformis, Aplysina fulva and Ptilocaulis walpersi. Thirty field experiments lasting 124 to 195 d were performed over a 9 yr period on a total of 1158 sponges. A 3-factor ANOVA was used to compare the effects of chemical defense (undefended/ defended), treatment (uncaged/caged) and season (summer/winter). Despite the fact that different sponge species could be allocating resources differently to reproduction, thereby potentially obscur- ing the interaction between growth and chemical defense, growth in cages was significantly greater for undefended than defended sponges (110.4 versus 65.8% growth yr -1 ). While the growth of chem- ically defended sponges inside and outside of cages was not different, growth of undefended sponges inside cages was significantly greater than outside cages, confirming that palatable sponge species were grazed by sponge-eating fishes. Growth during winter months was significantly less for both undefended and defended sponges compared to growth during summer months, but again, growth was greater for undefended sponges than for defended sponges. Differences in growth rates demon- strate that sponge species have evolved alternative allocation patterns to cope with resource con- straints, as well as predation, and provide evidence that there is a metabolic cost associated with chemical defenses.
The Data of Things: Strategies, Patterns and Practice of Cloud-based Participatory Sensing

The broad capabilities of current mobile devices have paved the way for Mobile Crowd Sensing (MCS) applications. The success of this emerging paradigm strongly depends on the quality of received data which, in turn, is contingent to mass user participation; the broader the participation, the more useful these systems become. However, there is an ongoing trend that tries to integrate MCS applications with emerging computing paradigms such as cloud computing. The intuition is that such a transition can significantly improve the overall efficiency while at the same time it offers stronger security and privacy-preserving mechanisms for the end-user. In this position paper, we dwell on the underpinnings of incorporating cloud computing techniques to facilitate the vast amount of data collected in MCS applications. That is, we present a list of core system, security and privacy requirements that must be met if such a transition is to be successful. To this end, we first address several competing challenges not previously considered in the literature such as the scarce energy resources of battery-powered mobile devices as well as their limited computational resources that they often prevent the use of computationally heavy cryptographic operations and thus offering limited security services to the end-user. Finally, we present a use case scenario as a comprehensive example. Based on our findings, we posit open issues and challenges, and discuss possible ways to address them, so that security and privacy do not hinder the migration of MCS systems to the cloud.
Parametric analysis of the magnet location based on straight-shape internal permanent magnet synchronous motor

For straight-shape magnet internal structure, air gap flux density and cogging torque are considerably affected by installation position of magnets under the premise of the same amount of the permanent magnet involved. An analytical mathematical model is established based on energy method and magnetic path analysis method, for illustrating mathematical correlation of cogging torque and the magnets position. Cogging torque parameter has been swept with respect to installation position of magnets utilizing motor model. Based on the modular structure, the modules with different materials are set up to avoid local saturation around the root region of stator tooth and weaken the cogging torque. The validation of mathematical expression and the effectiveness of modular structure are proved by finite element analysis.
Highly Birefringent Terahertz Waveguide Formed With Dual-Subwavelength Polymer Wires

We propose a highly birefringent terahertz (THz) waveguide, which is formed with two touching subwavelength polymer wires. The waveguide can provide a high modal birefringence larger than 0.01 over a wide frequency range, and a maximum birefringence up to 0.0525 is achieved when the waveguide is made of Topas. Different from other THz birefringent waveguides, a simple scaling rule exists for the proposed birefringent waveguide so that the waveguide can be designed easily for any desired operation frequency to obtain the maximum birefringence. Moreover, when the maximum birefringence takes place, a high coupling efficiency of 93%, a low absorption loss of 0.04 and 0.03 cm−1 for x- and y-polarizations, and a negligible bending loss are demonstrated in our simulations. Finally, the influence of material index is further examined. It is found that as the refractive index of the waveguide material increases, the magnitude of birefringence increases as well, while the frequency at which the maximum birefringence occurs will shift toward the lower region.
Predictive current control with reactive power minimization in six-phase wind energy generator using multi-modular direct matrix converter

Increasing worldwide energy demand and well known pollution effects of fossil fuels, make necessary to develop new environmentally friendly energy generation systems such as wind energy. In this research a predictive current control with reactive power reduction is proposed for a six-phase energy generator — multi-modular matrix converter system. The proposal shows a significant harmonic reduction in the generator side and a THD less than 0.6% at the load side, with good current tracking, making it suitable for further grid interconnection.
Electrical tree characteristics in silicone rubber under repetitive pulse voltage

Electrical tree in silicone rubber (SiR) is a threat to the power system. Bedsides ac and dc voltage, there are pulse voltage in power system and the electrical tree behavior in SiR under pulse voltage has not been reported. In this paper, electrical treeing process in SiR under pulse voltage was investigated and analyzed. The voltage was applied to a needle-plate electrode to initiate electrical trees. The frequency of pulse voltage was 100, 200 and 300 Hz and the amplitude ranges from 8 to 14 kV. Aspects such as the patterns of electrical tree, tree length, accumulated damage, fractal dimension and tree breakdown characteristics were studied. Results indicate that the pulse amplitude plays the leading role in electrical tree initiation, propagation and breakdown processes. With the increase of pulse amplitude, the tree structure changes and the breakdown possibility increases obviously. However, the tree length is not sensitive to pulse frequency and higher pulse frequency promotes the increase of tree density. It also has been found that tree structure is closely related to pulse polarity and the inception voltage is lower with positive pulse than that with negative.
High Precision Robust Controller Design for PMSM Servo System with Multi-operating-points

In this paper we propose a high precision robust controller design method for surface mounted PMSM servo system. Feedback linearization method is first applied to transfer the motor plant into a linearized model with an equivalent disturbance. Then a robust controller is designed to compensate the equivalent disturbance. Although some parameters of the control system may deviate seriously from the nominal value when the environment changes, they have relativity. We set up multi-operating-point model to reduce the conservation. Robust properties of the closed-loop system are proven and simulation results are shown.
A literatural review on work discrimination among women employees

The Malaysian government has given a high commitment in their effort in achieving gender equality by providing education parity, equal employment opportunity and implementing anti-discriminatory tools and regulations. Despite these efforts, discrimination against women still persists in the workplace especially at the managerial level. This paper intends to discuss on the nature and forms of discrimination faced by women employees in Malaysia. It also discusses on how the government, employers, and the educational institutions can better enhance their roles in handling and possibly curbing work discrimination and finally, positively enhance their mental health level.
Theoretical and Methodological Tools for Comparison and 1 Evolutionary Modeling of Communication Systems

The study of communication and its origins has an illustrious and varied history. The inspiration for the effort has often been focused upon the possibility of illuminating the evolution of language in humans (Condillac, 1756; Locke, 1690; Aarsleff, 1976). But in the last few decades, there has been remarkable growth of understanding regarding communication systems of other species (see, e.g., review in Hauser, 1996). A comparative enterprise now holds the promise of richly clarifying both the similarities and the differences between our own communicative capabilities and those of other species. To pursue the comparative enterprise effectively, a genuinely interdisciplinary effort is required. One of the primary needs is to formulate a lasting framework of properties and principles that can be understood across disciplines, and that can be used as a set of standards for comparison among species.
Zinc Deficiency in Children

Zinc is the second most abundantly found trace element in the body after iron.It is an essential micronutrient important for growth and normal function of the immune system.Zinc deficiency is prevalent in many areas of the world, especially in developing countries and is a diagnostically challenging condition. It may occur due to inadequate dietary intake, increased requirements, malabsorption, increased losses and impaired utilization but inadequate dietary intake of absorbable zinc remains the primary cause of zinc deficiency in most situations. Zinc deficiency affects millions of children and is associated with increased risk for impaired linear growth (stunting), hypogonadism in males, lack of sexual development in females, rough skin, taste abnormalities, poor appetite, impaired immune function and increased risk for diarrhea and respiratory illness such as pneumonia. It contributes to significant diarrhea and pneumonia related morbidity and mortality among young children. Researchers suggest that zinc supplementation decreases the incidence and severity of diarrhea and pneumonia in children. The objective of this paper is to provide a current overview of the significance of the zinc in children’s health, zinc requirement, causes of zinc deficiency in children, evaluation of zinc status,clinical manifestations of zinc deficiency with an emphasis on malnutrition, diarrhea, pneumonia, stunting and impaired wound healing.
Metabolomics-based methods for early disease diagnostics

The emerging field of metabolomics, in which a large number of small-molecule metabolites from body fluids or tissues are detected quantitatively in a single step, promises immense potential for early diagnosis, therapy monitoring and for understanding the pathogenesis of many diseases. Metabolomics methods are mostly focused on the information-rich analytical techniques of NMR spectroscopy and mass spectrometry (MS). Analysis of the data from these high-resolution methods using advanced chemometric approaches provides a powerful platform for translational and clinical research and diagnostic applications. In this review, the current trends and recent advances in NMR- and MS-based metabolomics are described with a focus on the development of advanced NMR and MS methods, improved multivariate statistical data analysis and recent applications in the area of cancer, diabetes, inborn errors of metabolism and cardiovascular diseases.
Isomonodromy for the Degenerate Fifth Painlevé Equation

This is a sequel to papers by the last two authors making the Riemann-Hilbert correspondence and isomonodromy explicit. For the degenerate fifth Painleve equation, the moduli spaces for connections and for monodromy are explicitly computed. It is proven that the extended Riemann-Hilbert morphism is an isomorphism. As a consequence these equations have the Painleve property and the Okamoto-Painleve space is identified with a moduli space of connections. Using MAPLE computations, one obtains formulas for the degenerate fifth Painleve equation, for the Backlund transformations.
Simulations support the simple hypothesis that persistent coupling of electrochemical activity in recurrent network neurons is an objective signature of visual object unity

Existing evidence supports the proposal that visual object unity can be identified with an epsilon-ball of recurrent synaptic conductance vectors (subsequently referred to as a connected open set). Simulations of a small retina and recurrent network demonstrate that such connected open sets persist despite temporal fluctuations in participating neurons, mimic the visual phenomena of grouping by proximity and object constancy over changes of image size and orientation, and behave similarly to human fMRI data from primary visual cortex during real and apparent motion. Simulations also demonstrate the nonlinear phenomenon of hysteresis in the appearance and disappearance of connected open sets, and human participants were subsequently found to demonstrate hysteresis in the perception of visual object unity. This report provides a physical foundation for these phenomena in the persistent coupling of differential equations that describe the behavior of electrochemical quantities in neurons. It also extends earlier work by improving temporal resolution, by employing clusters of neurons to promote redundancy, and by demonstrating that information on object unity is present in the frequencies of action potentials that can be transmitted to other networks by adjacent recurrent network neurons. Implications for the identification of objective signatures of aspects of experience in formal neural network models and applications to visual-cortical prostheses are discussed.
Wide speed range six-step mode operation of IPMSM drives with adjustable dc-link voltage

Driving a synchronous machine in overmodulation region and six-step mode is a common way to reduce switching losses in the inverter and fully utilize inverter output voltage. Main issues concerning this operating area in combination with state of the art field oriented control are saturation of the current controller and reduced torque dynamics. This paper presents a strategy that is based on a voltage angle control in order to improve dynamics and overcome stability problems of the PI-controller. An additional dc-link voltage control loop for drive trains including a dc/dc converter gives the designer a new degree of freedom to improve the drives overall efficiency. Precise control of both dc-link and inverter output voltages creates the possibility to shift six-step mode to an arbitrary operating region including base speed.
CS341 Final Report: Towards Real-time Detection and Camera Triggering

In this project, we aim at deploying a real-time object detection system that operates at high FPS on resource-constrained device such as Raspberry Pi and mobile phones. Although many systems have proved their success since the era of machine learning and neural network, most of the evaluations are done with high-end CPU or GPU. Nevertheless, real-world applications such as surveillance pose strict constraints on the resources of the device: low-power, small form factor, relatively good accuracy and fast speed, making it hard to ﬁnd a good trade-off when designing the system. We present an object detection pipeline which is capable of working smoothly under the situation of trafﬁc surveillance on Raspberry Pi 3 with only 1GB RAM and 1.2GHz ARM CPU that costs merely $ 35.99.
The Relationship of Social Support to Treatment Entry and Engagement: The Community Assessment Inventory

This study was conducted to determine the psychometric properties of a measure of social support, the Community Assessment Inventory (CAI), and to examine the role of social support in recovery. The CAI and the Addiction Severity Index (ASI) were administered to 196 opioid-dependent adults in (n = 135) or out of (n = 61) methadone treatment in Baltimore, Maryland, between 2004 and 2006. Baseline CAI scale scores indicated a generally high level of internal consistency (α scores). Pearson correlations showed that the scales were stable and had good discriminant validity with the ASI composite scores. One-way analysis of variance indicated that in-treatment participants reported significantly more support at baseline than out-of-treatment participants. This study's findings indicate the CAI may be a useful measure of social support and that such support is an important factor in treatment entry.
Pre-trained Deep Convolutional Neural Networks for Face Recognition

Pre-training of models is important because of the unavailability of datasets and models that are becoming more complex. We investigate two aspects of pre-training using face recognition tasks. The first is the use of models that are pre-trained on face datasets and non-face datasets. We will evaluate five pre-trained models based on their results with freezing multiple layers and on robustness. The second aspect is to investigate universal features in pre-trained deep models. This is done by evaluating the performance using only the first few layers for pre-training. This is also investigated by swapping the first layers of the models. We show that models pre-trained on face datasets achieve better results and are more robust in three face recognition tasks than models pre-trained on non-face datasets. The results with pre-training and swapping only the first layers show a significant difference between models that are pre-trained on face datasets and non-face datasets. From this, we conclude that it is important which dataset is used for pre-training the models and used for testing in face recognition. We also conclude that the first few layers of pre-trained models affect performance on face recognition.
Electromyography and A Review of the Literature Provide Insights into the Role of Sacral Perineural Cysts in Unexplained Chronic Pelvic, Perineal and Leg Pain Syndromes

Objective: The clinical entity “Symptomatic Tarlov Cysts” is a highly under reported condition. We aimed to perform an electrophysiologic evaluation in patients with Tarlov cysts to determine whether the cysts create electrical abnormalities that could translate into clinical symptoms. The findings are correlated with the data currently available in the literature. Methods: Thirty patients with unexplained pelvic, sacral, perineal and/or leg pain who harbored small and/or large Tarlov cysts were selected at an outpatient clinic for physical medicine in musculoskeletal disorders. An MRI of the lumbosacral spine of each patient was reviewed. An experienced physiatrist acquired information related to pain and paresthesia in addition to bladder, bowel and sphincter symptoms. An expert electrophysiologist performed nerve conduction and electromyography studies on the patient’s legs and the pelvic floor. A review of the case reports on Tarlov cysts was performed. The symptoms of the patients in the study were compared with the symptoms reported in reviews and case reports. Results: In all cases, the presence of Tarlov cysts was associated with sensory neuron symptoms, such as pain and paresthesia, and with bladder, bowel, sexual, and/or sphincter complaints. In all cases, electromyography documented axonal damage in multiple lumbar and sacral nerve root myotomes. Conclusion: Symptomatic Tarlov cysts clinically and electrophysiologically represent a progressive chronic cauda equine syndrome. In patients with intractable sacral, perineal, pelvic or leg pain, symptomatic Tarlov cysts should be included in the differential diagnosis.