Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
13 Bacteriophages of Listeria

Bacteriophages have been shown to influence the evolution of their host and, in several cases, have a major effect on pathogenicity and/or virulence of bacterial pathogens. Several mechanisms allow phages to change the biology and associated phenotypes of their host. This chapter aims at explaining these mechanisms in the context of Listeria evolution and pathogenesis, using examples from other pathogens. Our current knowledge on the biology and applications of a few selected Listeria phages is reviewed and discussed. The lack of evidence for their influence on the phenotype of lysogenized host bacteria likely reflects our fragmentary knowledge about Listeria phages, especially on the molecular level. Clearly, much more research is required to understand the full impact of phages on their hosts, both in an ecological and evolutionary context. 13.1. Bacteriophages 13.1.
The Limits of Self-Management: Community and Health Care System Barriers Among Latinos With Diabetes

Although numerous studies examine diabetes self-care, few regard ecological framework correlates such as community and institutional level factors as fundamental for understanding diabetes management for Latinos. This article addresses the dearth of research that exists regarding social contextual forces and diabetes management for Latinos. Given the scarcity of research on this topic, studies of non-Latino groups were reviewed to illustrate the importance of community and institutional influences on diabetes care. Consideration of fundamental correlates within the ecological framework may better discern the underlying rationale for inadequate diabetes self-management for individuals who live in impoverished communities.
Tumor surveillance‐what can and should be done? Screening for recurrence of hepatocellular carcinoma after liver transplantation

1 The overall rate of recurrence of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) after liver transplantation ranged from 11 to 18% in three of the largest series, with some differences in pre‐transplant selection criteria. 2 Patients whose explant pathology is within the currently accepted criteria for transplantation have a low rate of recurrence (8%). Patients whose pathology is outside of the criteria have a 50% chance of recurrence, suggesting that post‐operative pathology should be used to stratify screening 3 About 10% of patients with recurrence appear to be long‐term survivors after surgical therapy for the recurrence. 4 Screening all patients for HCC recurrence after transplantation is probably not cost effective and selecting patients with high risk explant pathology would be more cost effective. 5 Surprisingly, there is a dearth of information in the literature that would suggest rational screening protocols. I could not find a single article that examined protocols for screening for recurrence after transplantation. What follows is my interpretation of the effectiveness of screening after transplantation for HCC. (Liver Transpl 2005;11:S45–S46.)
Cognition in mania and depression

The inclusion of cognitive symptoms in the DSM-IV criteria for major depressive and manic episodes highlight the importance of cognition in both of these psychiatric disorders (American Psychiatric Association, 1994). For example, criteria for diagnosis of these conditions include a diminished ability to concentrate and indecisiveness. In addition, numerous studies have demonstrated wide-ranging cognitive deficits in depression (for example Elliott et al. 1996; Purcell et al. 1997; Murphy et al. 2003) and mania (Goldberg et al. 1993; Murphy et al. 1999, 2001; Sweeney et al. 2000). These include deficits in early information processing (Tsourtos et al. 2002), recollection memory (MacQueen et al. 2002) and planning (Elliott et al. 1996) as well as affective biases (Murphy et al. 1999) and abnormal responses to negative feedback (Elliott et al. 1996, 1997; Murphy et al. 2003). Some residual deficits are also evident in a proportion of remitted subjects, even when controlling for mood (for example, Clark et al. 2002).
Pelvic Mass Lesions in Females: Tissue Characterization Capability of MRI.

INTRODUCTION Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) of adult female pelvis is a well-established tool in the evaluation of utero-ovarian lesions and is often used to supplement ultrasonography. The need for diagnostic surgical intervention has largely been eclipsed with the advent of MRI, which has become the imaging modality of choice for characterization of pelvic masses. AIM To assess the role of MRI in female pelvic mass lesions and to exploit the tissue characterization capability of MRI. MATERIALS AND METHODS A prospective observational study was done on all patients referred to Department of Radiodiagnosis, Krishna Hospital, Karad, for MRI pelvis with clinically suspected uterine and adnexal masses or with indeterminate diagnosis on ultrasonography. Study was conducted between September 2014 to August 2016 with a sample size of 100 patients. All patients were scanned using 1.5 Tesla Seimens Avanto (Tim+Dot) scanner with Body matrix coil Tim. Histopathology was taken as gold standard. Results on continuous measurements were presented on Mean±SD (Min-Max) and results on categorical measurements were presented in Number (%). RESULTS Among 100 cases, on MRI, the maximum number of patients was having uterine lesions (48) followed by ovarian lesions (40), inconclusive adnexal/ovarian lesions (6), adnexal lesions (4). Two patients had normal findings. This correlated well with histopathology results, which showed the maximum number of patients were having uterine lesions (48) followed by ovarian lesions (41), adnexal lesions (5). Normal findings were observed in two patients. CONCLUSION Due to excellent depiction of pelvic anatomy, non-invasiveness and absence of ionizing radiation, MRI is an excellent tool for assessment of utero-ovarian disorders, for detecting and characterization of various diseases, and staging patients with carcinomas where accurate diagnosis will make an impact on their surgical and medical management planning.
Addition of aflibercept to fluorouracil, leucovorin, and irinotecan improves survival in a phase III randomized trial in patients with metastatic colorectal cancer previously treated with an oxaliplatin-based regimen.

PURPOSE Treatment for metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC) commonly involves a fluoropyrimidine-based chemotherapy regimen such as infusional fluorouracil, leucovorin, and irinotecan (FOLFIRI) or fluorouracil, leucovorin, and oxaliplatin, often combined with bevacizumab or an epidermal growth factor receptor monoclonal antibody. We studied the effect of adding the novel antiangiogenic agent aflibercept (also known as ziv-aflibercept in the United States) to FOLFIRI in patients with mCRC previously treated with oxaliplatin, including patients who received prior bevacizumab. PATIENTS AND METHODS Patients were randomly assigned to receive aflibercept (4 mg/kg intravenously; 612 patients) or placebo (614 patients) every 2 weeks in combination with FOLFIRI. Treatment was administered until disease progression or unacceptable toxicity. The primary end point was overall survival. RESULTS Adding aflibercept to FOLFIRI significantly improved overall survival relative to placebo plus FOLFIRI (hazard ratio [HR], 0.817; 95.34% CI, 0.713 to 0.937; P = .0032) with median survival times of 13.50 versus 12.06 months, respectively. Aflibercept also significantly improved progression-free survival (PFS; HR, 0.758; 95% CI, 0.661 to 0.869; P < .0001), with median PFS times of 6.90 versus 4.67 months, respectively. The effects on overall survival and PFS exhibited a consistent trend across prespecified subgroup analyses, including bevacizumab pretreated patients. Response rate was 19.8% (95% CI, 16.4% to 23.2%) with aflibercept plus FOLFIRI compared with 11.1% (95% CI, 8.5% to 13.8%) with placebo plus FOLFIRI (P = .0001). Adverse effects reported with aflibercept combined with FOLFIRI included the characteristic anti-vascular endothelial growth factor effects and also reflected an increased incidence of some chemotherapy-related toxicities. CONCLUSION Aflibercept in combination with FOLFIRI conferred a statistically significant survival benefit over FOLFIRI combined with placebo in patients with mCRC previously treated with oxaliplatin.
Our Academic Discipline Is Making Us Sicker

That's right, sicker. At least insofar as sick is a social construct (more on that later). I'm speaking specifically about declining mental health, and for this short essay I focus on our most emergent of theatre and performance-studies scholars: our graduate students. Few of us would disagree that there has always been a significant amount of depression and anxiety among our masters and doctoral students. Recent studies, however, find that more grad students are reporting significant mental health issues today than in any past generation. Perhaps these higher numbers are simply a matter of different and better diagnosing. More likely, those entering graduate programs today have more stressors outside academia: family responsibilities, financial concerns, and culture-related anxiety (more minorities and other historically disenfranchised groups and international students are entering graduate programs than ever before). Moreover, the increase in treatments in the past decades has enabled more students with a history of mental health issues to make it to higher education. It's not the purpose of this short piece to suss out the kinds of student in our programs more likely to be mentally and emotionally distressed. Instead, I look at what we should be doing not to make it worse for the students we have in the years ahead, actions that will benefit the field as a whole and all of us individually.
A novel family of potentially mobile DNA elements encoding site‐specific gene‐integration functions: integrons

A family of novel mobile DNA elements is described, examples of which are found at several independent locations and encode a variety of antibiotic resistance genes. The complete elements consist of two conserved segments separated by a segment of variable length and sequence which includes inserted antibiotic resistance genes. The conserved segment located 3′ to the inserted resistance genes was sequenced from Tn21 and R46, and the sequences are identical over a region of 2026 bases, which includes the sulphonamide resistance gene sull, and two further open reading frames of unknown function. The complete sequences of both the 3′ and 5′ conserved regions of the DNA element have been determined. A 59‐base sequence element, found at the junctions of inserted DNA sequences and the conserved 3′ segment, is also present at this location in the R46 sequence. A copy of one half of this 59‐base element is found at the end of the sull gene, suggesting that sull, though part of the conserved region, was also originally inserted into an ancestral element by site‐specific integration. Inverted or direct terminal repeats or short target site duplications, both of which are characteristics of class I and class II transposons, are not found at the outer boundaries of the elements described here. Furthermore, the conserved regions do not encode any proteins related to known transposition proteins, except the DNA integrase encoded by the 5′ conserved region which is implicated in the gene insertion process. Mobilization of this element has not been observed experimentally; mobility is implied from the identification of the element in at least four independent locations, in Tn21, R46 (IncN), R388 (IncW) and Tn1696. The definitive features of these novel elements are (i) that they include site‐specific integration functions (the Integrase and the insertion site); (ii) that they are able to acquire various gene units and act as an expression cassette by supplying the promoter for the inserted genes. As a consequence of acquiring different inserted genes, the element exists in a variety of forms which differ in the number and nature of the inserted genes. This family of elements appears formally distinct from other known mobile DNA elements and we propose the name DNA integration elements, or integrons.
Physical Activity Barriers and Program Preferences Among Indigent Internal Medicine Patients with Arthritis

&NA; The study purpose was to determine, among indigent arthritis patients, physical activity barriers, program preference frequencies and demographic associations. A structured interview of 223 indigent, internal medicine clinic patients with self‐reported arthritis was administered in a cross‐sectional study design. The two most frequently reported barriers included bad health (52%) and pain (51%). The majority preferred to exercise alone (54%), close to home (76%), and in the early morning/evening (83%). The preferred method of receiving exercise information was by video or audio tape. Frequency of reported barriers was significantly associated with age, ethnicity, and gender; specific program preferences were significantly associated with age and gender only. Exercise programs for indigent patients with arthritis should be home‐based with flexible scheduling. Educational material should include both video and audio tape formats. Future interventions should consider barriers related to poor health and pain while remaining responsive to age, gender, and ethnic differences. Nurses can play a pivotal role in such interventions.
Preoperative β-blockade in coronary artery bypass grafting surgery.

In the current issue, Brinkman and colleagues1 use the Society of Thoracic SurgeonsNationalDatabase (STS-ND) to study the effect of preoperative β-blockade on postoperative coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) outcomes. Their results show no mortality advantage and a paradoxically increased incidence of atrial fibrillation (AF) in patients receiving preoperative β-blockers, findings that challenge the continuation of this practice and its use as a quality metric. I will examine the rationale for preoperative β-blockade, controversies regarding its use innoncardiac surgery, the valueof β-blockade in CABG, and reasonable clinical recommendations based on the preponderance of current evidence.
130-GHz On-Chip Meander Slot Antennas With Stacked Dielectric Resonators in Standard CMOS Technology

This work discusses the design methodologies of 130-GHz high gain and high efficiency on-chip meander slot antennas in a standard CMOS technology. In the proposed structure, stacked dielectric resonators (DRs) are placed on the top of the on-chip feeding element to form series-fed antenna array for antenna gain and efficiency improvement. The integrated antenna with double stacked DRs achieved a measured gain of 4.7 dBi at 130 GHz with a bandwidth of 11%. The antenna size is 0.8 ×0.9 mm2 and the simulation results indicate a radiation efficiency of 43%. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first demonstration of an on-chip antenna gain and efficiency enhancement through stacked DRs.
The effects of conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) and canola oil on the fatty acid composition and quality of eggs from laying hens

Dietary conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) causes adverse effects on quality of eggs by modifying the fatty acid composition of the yolk. Supplementing oils prevent CLA-induced changes, but cause a decrease in the level of egg CLA. The objective of the study was to investigate the incorporation of CLA into the egg and its effect on the fatty acid metabolism when laying hens were fed diets containing different levels of canola oil. Hens (15 per group) were assigned to six groups and were fed for 50 days diets containing 0.5% canola oil (Group A), 0.5% CLA (Group B), 0.5% CLA plus 1.25% canola oil (Group C), 0.5% CLA plus 2.5% canola oil (Group D), 0.5% CLA plus 5% canola oil (Group E) or 0.5% CLA plus 10% canola oil. Eggs were collected daily. Three eggs per group were used for fatty acid analysis. Eggs laid on days 1 to11 were stored at 4 °C or room temperature for 30 days, and were separated into yolk and albumen for pH analyses. Yolk from Group B had increased concentrations of C16:0 and C18:0 and decreased concentrations of C18:1(n-9) compared to Group A. Adding 5% or 10% canola oil (Groups E or F) to the diet prevented an increase in C16:0 and C18:0 and a decrease in C18:1(n-9) concentrations. Relative amounts of CLA in eggs from Groups A, B, C, D, E and F were 0, 2.38, 2.33, 1.68, 1.36, and 1.17%, respectively. The concentrations of C18:3(n-3) in Groups A, B, C, D, E and F were 0.23, 0.25, 0.61, 0.70, 1.23 and 1.58%, respectively. The ratios of UFA/SFA in the eggs from Groups B, C and D decreased. When the eggs were stored at 4 °C, the yolk from Groups B, C and D had higher pH values than the other treatments, while the albumen pH of eggs from Groups B, C and D were lower. However, when eggs were stored at room temperature, no abnormal pH changes were observed in the yolk or albumen. This study suggested that adding a certain level of canola oil rich in n-3 fatty acids restored the level of egg yolk SFA to UFA, prevented CLA-induced abnormal changes in egg quality and thus led to a higher level of C18:3(n-3) and CLA in the egg. Keywords : Conjugated linoleic acid; unsaturated fatty acids; egg yolk and albumen pH; chickens South African Journal of Animal Sciences Vol. 35 (3) 2005: pp.172-179
Target tracking method of Robust Model Predictive Control

Aiming at how to apply the state feedback predictive control algorithm to track the set value, a new RMPC(Robust Model Predictive Control) is proposed for tracking system. Firstly, the conversion method between the output set value and the corresponding steady target state is given. Then,the Luenberge state observer is designed, which has the stability performance index constraints. The parameters of observer is adjusted until it meets the performance index. Thirdly, the output tracking and predictive control algorithm is designed. Finally, a simulation example shows the feasibility of the proposed method.
FP7 FASTER project - Demonstration of Multi-platform Operation for Safer Planetary Traverses

As future planetary missions evolve from local exploration in the vicinity of the lander (up to a few km) to more regional operations (with a reach beyond tens of km), the need for a safe and efficient traverse will be greater than ever. To address these challenges, the EU FP7 FASTER project has tackled for the past 4 years the Forward Acquisition of Soil and Terrain data for Exploration Rover which culminated in the successful demonstration of the operational scenario in late 2014 in a representative environment. This paper will briefly recall the selected operational concept for safe traverses for planetary rovers as well as the various sensors created for this project. It will then focus on the latest developments, including the setup and running of the various integration campaigns leading up to the final multi-platform test campaigns at the Airbus DS Mars Yard. Finally, based on the results of the project, it is possible to look ahead to future mission concepts and identify where specific aspects of the FASTER project could contribute to the robustness and safety of future platforms allowing more daring exploration scenarios.
Invisible Marker–Based Augmented Reality

To estimate camera pose, existing augmented reality (AR) techniques usually require fiducial markers with known geometry. However, placing a marker in the workspace of the user can be very visually intrusive. To overcome this limitation, a nonintrusive AR method using invisible markers that are created/drawn with an infrared (IR) ink is proposed and an IR marker tracking system is presented. This system includes additional algorithms to maintain reliable performance in a cluttered background. Then, the working conditions of IR markers are examined and compared with those of visual markers, and the optimal working conditions of IR markers are discussed. Next, the qualitative evaluation of an IR marker–based AR is presented through a variety of experiments and user evaluations. Finally, the potential applications of IR marker–based AR are explored.
Differential expression of Rel family members in human T-cell leukemia virus type I-infected cells: transcriptional activation of c-rel by Tax protein

The Tax protein of the human T-cell leukemia virus type I (HTLV-I) has been shown to induce nuclear expression of Rel family NF-kappa B-binding proteins. However, under different experimental conditions, different J. H. Kim, Y. Daitoku, and W. G. Greene, J. Virol. 65:6892-6899, 1991). In this study, using specific immunological reagents capable of distinguishing individual members of the Rel family proteins, we show that only c-Rel, not NF-kappa B p50 or p65, is induced in HTLV-I-infected cells. Preferential c-rel induction by HTLV-I infection was detected at the protein and RNA levels as well as in the nuclear NF-kappa B-binding form. Induced c-rel expression was also detected in cells stably transfected with tax cDNA, further correlating the c-rel induction with viral Tax expression. An increase in c-rel mRNA was detected within 3 h after induction of Tax expression, suggesting that this effect is at least partially regulated at the level of transcription. Furthermore, using a particle bombardment method for gene cotransfection, we show that Tax can transcriptionally activate the c-rel promoter in a T-cell line, Jurkat.
Cooperative Adaptive Fuzzy Tracking Control for Networked Unknown Nonlinear Multiagent Systems With Time-Varying Actuator Faults

In this paper, the cooperative adaptive fault tolerant fuzzy tracking control (CAFTFTC) problem of networked high-order multiagent with time-varying actuator faults is studied, and a novel CAFTFTC scheme is proposed to guarantee that all follower nodes asymptotically synchronize a leader node with tracking errors converging to a small adjustable neighborhood of the origin in spite of actuator faults. The leader node is modeled as a higher order nonautonomous nonlinear system. It acts as a command generator giving commands only to a small portion of the networked group. Each follower is assumed to have nonidentical unknown nonlinear dynamics, and the communication network is also assumed to be a weighted directed graph with a fixed topology. A distributed robust adaptive fuzzy controller is designed for each follower node such that the tracking errors are cooperative uniform ultimate boundedness (CUUB). Moreover, these controllers are distributed in the sense that the controller designed for each follower node only requires relative state information between itself and its neighbors. The adaptive compensation term of the optimal approximation errors and external disturbances is adopted to reduce the effects of the errors and disturbances, which removes the assumption that the upper bounds of unknown function approximation errors and disturbances should be known. Analysis of stability and parameter convergence of the proposed algorithm are conducted that are based on algebraic graph theory and Lyapunov theory. Comparing with results in the literature, the CAFTFTC scheme can minimize the time delay between fault occurrence and accommodation and reduce its adverse effect on system performance. In addition, the FTC scheme requires no additional fault isolation model, which is necessary in the traditional active FTC scheme. Finally, an example is provided to validate the theoretical results.