Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Bacteriocins reduce Campylobacter jejuni colonization while bacteria producing bacteriocins are ineffective

Broiler chickens are widely considered an important source of human exposure to Campylobacter jejuni because of the high numbers found colonizing the chicken gut and the consequent contamination of processed carcasses. We hoped to intervene in C. jejuni gut colonization by using a defined probiotic. Chicken intestinal contents were screened for diverse bacterial isolates that manifested C. jejuni inhibition. These antagonistic bacteria were fed directly to chickens before or after C. jejuni challenge. The prophylactic probiotic treatments were effective only when very low challenge levels of C. jejuni were used. Otherwise, probiotic treatments failed to reduce C. jejuni colonization. Regardless of treatment, as birds further aged C. jejuni numbers soon approached the levels observed in the control birds. We sought an alternative approach, as commercial broilers may be exposed to infectious levels of C. jejuni at any time during production. Two of our most promising antagonistic isolates, Lactobacillus salivarius NRRL B-30514 and Paenibacillus polymyxa NRRL B-30509, were further studied for effectiveness in reducing C. jejuni in chickens. When 250 mg of purified bacteriocins (produced by these organisms)/kg feed were fed therapeutically to chickens colonized with C. jejuni, colonization was reduced by at least one million-fold. Treatments with viable probiotic bacterial cultures were ineffective in reducing C. jejuni in chickens, while bacteriocin treatment from these corresponding bacteria substantially reduced C. jejuni colonization in the live birds.
Deep Learning for Pixel-based Edge Models Classification of Tertiary Dentine Images

Prevalence of dental caries remains significant clinical problems. The dental caries disease is treated by doing pulp capping. The treatment is evaluated by visually observing the tertiary dentine on x-ray images. This conventional evaluation is not accurate and subjective among the doctors. In order to assist doctor, this research proposed implementation of deep learning method to classify pixel-based edge images of tertiary dentine. The method involves x-ray image data collection, edge modelling, edge training and testing. Eleven pixel-based edge models were defined which consist of eight edge models and three non-edge models. A total number of 660 edge images were extracted from tertiary dentine images and used Convolutional Neural Network deep learning for training and testing. The overall classification of edge images was validated using cross validation method and performed 91% of classification accuracy.
Modelling of unexploited and exploited populations of eels, Anguilla anguilla (L.), in the Thames Estuary

Eels were fyke-netted in different zones of the Thames Estuary at various times of year and subsamples sexed, aged and stomachcontentsexamined. Instantaneous mortality coefficients (Z) were calculated for each 3 cm length class for eels > 30 cm and used to construct a compartmental model to assess effects of natural and fishing mortality and migration on different life stages of males and females. Growth rates were good and fishing mortality effects low and masked by effects of emigration/immigration (and, possibly, local migrations). Density-dependent mortality appeared to be having minor effects. Males dominate freshwater sites, females the more saline zone and possible implications of food availability and density are discussed. It is concluded the stock is not being over-exploited but that elver recruitment is relatively low. Means of increasing exploitation are discussed, as are ways of increasing production of females to enhance elver recruitment to the Thames and other European rivers.
An instrumental set up for seed germination studies with temperature control and automatic image recording

This paper describes a new instrumental methodology proposed for the study of seed germination which can be applied to germination physiology, agriculture and forest restoration. This instrument performs the recording of images of germinating seeds through the use of a flat-bed scanner coupled to a computer, where a specific program commands the capture of these images at predetermined time intervals. These images are archived for posterior analysis. The device allows the collection of data and the elaboration of germination curves with high accuracy. Furthermore, the device permits the study of seed germination over a broad range of temperatures as well as the easy application of chemical agents to the seeds in order to study their influence on the germination process. Lactuca sativa seeds were used in this study as an experimental model. Germination curves were plotted at different temperatures in order to evaluate the device for experimental work. This paper also presents a methodology of statistical analysis that supports the reliability of this equipment.
Prediksi Tingkat Indeks Prestasi Kumulatif Akademik Mahasiswa dengan Menggunakan Teknik Data Mining

Educational data mining (EDM) adalah suatu bidang aplikasi antara pendidikan dan komputer. Salah satu yang dapat dilakukan pada EDM adalah memprediksi tingkat prestasi mahasiswa. Tingkat indeks prestasi kumulatif (IPK) akademik mahasiswa sangat penting karena menentukan tingkat kelulusan dan kualiatas institusi pendidikan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisa atribut-atribut yang mempengaruhi tingkat indeks prestasi kumulatif (IPK) mahasiswa yang berasal dari faktor eksternal pada mahasiswa. Adapun atribut yang digunakan adalah 10 variabel atribut yaitu nilai TOEFL, pendidikan ayah, pendidikan ibu, pekerjaan ayah, pekerjaan ibu, asal daerah, tempat tinggal selama kuliah dan tingkat prestasi akademik yang dicapai. Hasil akurasi pengolahan dengan menggunakan Algoritma C4.5 adalah 75,18% dan Naive Bayes 74,47% menunjukkan bahwa model dan atribut yang digunakan baik untuk memprediksi tingkat IPK mahasiswa. Algoritma C4.5 mampu menunjukkan atribut apa yang berpengaruh langsung pada tingkat IPK mahasiswa yaitu Nilai TOEFL, jam belajar, pendidikan ayah, pekerjaan ayah, dan tempat tinggal mahasiswa. Algoritma C4.5 tidak mampu memperhitungkan peluang suatu klasifikasi jika jumlah instan pada klasifikasi tersebut sangat sedikit pada kejadian data. Sebaliknya Naive Bayes tetap mampu memperhitungkan peluang kemunculan dan ketepatannya informasi yang dihasilkan meski jumlah instan yang sedikit. Dalam penelitian ini data mahasiswa yang memiliki tingkat IPK cumlaude sangat sedikit, namun Naive Bayes tetap mampu mengukur Recall pada kelas ini sebesar 28,6% dan Precision sebesar 40%.
Design of New 2,4-Substituted Furo [3,2-B] Indole Derivatives as Anticancer Compounds Using Quantitative Structure-Activity Relationship (QSAR) and Molecular Docking

This study aimed to propose new indole derivatives as anticancer through Quantitative Structure-Activity Relationship (QSAR) and molecular docking method. The best predicted anticancer activity of indole derivatives was recommended based on the QSAR equation. A data set consist of 18 indole derivatives from literature with anticancer activity against the A498 cell line was used to generate a QSAR model equation. The data set was divided randomly into training (14) and test (4) set compounds. The structure of indole compound was optimized first using AM1 semi-empirical methods, and the descriptors involved were analyzed using Multiple Linear Regression (MLR). The best QSAR equation obtained was Log IC 50 = 65.596 (qC2) + 366.764 (qC6) – 92.742 (qC11) + 503.297 (HOMO) – 492.550 (LUMO) – 76.966. Based on the QSAR model, varying electron-withdrawing groups in C2 and C6 atom, as well as adding electron-donating groups in C11 were proposed could increase the anticancer activity of the indole derivatives. The QSAR analysis showed that compound 15 has the best predicted anticancer activity, supported by molecular docking results that showed hydrogen bond interaction with essential amino acids to build anticancer activity such as MET769, THR830, and THR766 residues.
Enzyme IIGlc contributes to trehalose metabolism in Bacillus subtilis

The tre operon of Bacillus subtilis is regulated at the transcriptional level by the Tre repressor (TreR) and by carbon catabolite repression. The molecular inducer of TreR is trehalose-6-phosphate, which is generated by transport of trehalose across the membrane by a specific Enzyme IITre (TreP) and simultaneous phosphorylation. It has been shown that TreP lacks the Enzyme IIA domain which is necessary for the phosphoryl transfer from phosphoenolpyruvate via Enzyme I and HPr. In this study, evidence is presented supporting the hypothesis of the involvement of the A domain from Enzyme IIGlc on trehalose utilization and its potential role in the regulation of the transcription of the tre operon.
Measuring Disclosure Investment Strategy: A Data Envelopment Analysis Approach

This paper develops a measure of disclosure investment strategy using data envelopment analysis (DEA) to apply a production formulation to firms’ investments in mandatory and voluntary disclosures. Conceptually, the “disclosure production” of a firm consists of a variety of disclosure choices (as the production inputs) corresponding to a variety of outcomes of disclosure (as the production outputs). In our setting, the primary advantage of DEA is that it allows us to incorporate multiple disclosure inputs in the estimation (e.g., press releases, earnings forecasts), allowing firms to select a portfolio of disclosures that maximizes the aggregate benefits of those disclosures on their information environment. We find that the resulting measures of disclosure investment strategy vary predictably with proxies for both costs and benefits of disclosure and yield new evidence on variation in disclosure investments around changes in proprietary costs and securities class action lawsuits.
Newborn piglet lungs release endothelin-1 : effect of α-thrombin and hypoxia

Endothelin-1 (ET-1) is a 21 amino acid vasoconstrictor peptide produced by endothelial cells, the expression of which is modulated by a variety of vasoconstrictors, vasodilators, and inflammatory mediators. Hypoxia has been shown to increase ET-1 expression and release in cultured endothelial cells from the systemic circulation, but reports are contradictory regarding the pulmonary circulation. In this study, the release of ET-1 and its cellular localization in the isolated perfused newborn piglet lung were examined under control conditions and after stimulation with hypoxia or α-thrombin (positive control). In the control condition, perfusion pressure remained stable during the study period, and a progressive increase in levels of immunoreactive ET-1 (irET-1) was noted. When α-thrombin was added to the perfusion fluid, a slow gradual increase in perfusion pressure was produced and the levels of irET-1 were significantly greater than those measured in the control preparations. Finally, hypoxia produced a .
The Effect of Four-Week Vibration Training on Adiponectin and Fibrinolysis Markers Levels in Overweight Women

Sedentary lifestyle is one of the factors causing pathophysiological problems such as the impairments in coagulation and fibrinolysis systems. The present study aimed to examine the effect of 4-week whole-body vibration training on tissue plasminogen activator (tPA), plasminogen activator inhibitor type 1 (PAI-1), and adiponectin in overweight women. The research was an applied quasi-experimental study with an experimental group and a control group using pretest-posttest design. In this interventional study, 45 employed women with the age range of 25-40 years and body mass index of 25-29.5 kg/m2 were introduced by the National Olympic Academy. The participants who met the inclusion criteria were then randomly assigned to two experimental and control groups. The vibration training was performed for 4 weeks. Paired and independent T-test was used to statically analyses. The tPA level significantly increased in the vibration training group (P = 0.01), and there was a significant difference between the tPA levels of the two groups in the post-test phase (p = 0.01). Furthermore, PAI-1 value ​​also decreased significantly in the vibration training group (P = 0.004), and the tPA / PAI-1 ratio also dropped significantly after 4 weeks of vibration training (P = 0.03). With 4 weeks of vibration training, adiponectin increased meaningfully (P = 0.02), and there was a significant difference between the two groups in this regard in the post-test phase (P = 0.01). Vibration training decreases tPA / PAI-1 so that the vibration training plays a critical role in increasing adiponectin, enhancing blood flow of the muscles and adipose tissues, and decreasing fat percentage.
SOCIAL SUPPORT AMONG STUDENTS IN A MALAYSIA PUBLIC UNIVERSITY: A PRELIMINARY STUDY

Social support has always been an important interpersonal resources derived from one’s immediate social network. Individual need supports from external environment that may provide happiness once they are born. In this context, it can be said that social support, means getting all kinds of support and assistance from the sources that affect them such as family, friends or an important person. The purpose of this study is to examine the level of social support among students. The study group consisted of 211 respondents (156 girls, 55 males) in a public university in Malaysia. The data were collected through the English versions of Social Support Scale with Malay translation. Descriptive analysis and independent T-Test were calculated, and path analysis was performed based on the observed variables. The result showed that there was significant difference between male and female students in social support where female students had a higher level of social support than male students. The first-generation students and the non-first-generation students have no difference in the level of social support.
EFFECTS OF TEMPERATURE AND OSMOTIC POTENTIAL ON GERMINATION OF SUNFLOWER AND SAFFLOWER AND ON HORMONE-TREATED SUNFLOWER SEEDS

The influence of three temperatures and solutions of different osmotic potentials obtained with NaCl and/or polyethylene glycol 6000 was tested on the germination of sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) and safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L.) seeds. The effects of two hormones at two concentrations on the germination of osmotically stressed sunflower seeds were also investigated. Seeds of the Record cultivar of sunflower were more salt-tolerant than Chernianka-66. Furthermore, Record germinated better at 20 °C than at 10° or 30 °C, while Chernianka-66 showed higher germination at 20° and 30 °C and was most sensitive to salinity at 10 °C. Seeds from Ute safflower exhibited more salt tolerance than did Local 3151, especially at the lower NaCl-induced osmotic potentials. The two safflower cultivars germinated better at 10° and 20 °C than at 30 °C. Seed germination of both crops was restricted more with polyethylene glycol 6000 than with NaCl, presumably due to the greater water stress caused by the former osmoti.
Recent development of monoamine oxidase inhibitors

The monoamine oxidases (MAO-A and MAO-B) are flavoenzymes located in the outer mitochondrial membrane responsible for the oxidative deamination of many endogenous and exogenous monoamines. Recognition of the importance of monoamine oxidases as targets for drug intervention for the treatment of a variety of conditions, such as schizophrenia, Alzheimer’s disease, Parkinson’s disease and other psychiatric and neurological disorders, has produced an enormous interest in the development of molecules that act as inhibitors on these enzymes. This review mainly focuses on the numerous monoamine oxidase inhibitor (MAO-I)-related patents published from August 2002 to June 2005. In this paper recent developments of monoamine oxidase inhibitors are reported, ordering all patents by molecular structure. A structure–activity relationship (SAR) study that reports on known MAO inhibitors is also outlined before a discussion on new associations with other drugs of classical MAO inhibitors and their new target.
When dreaming is believing: Extending the findings to favorite

Every morning across the globe, many people wake up with an uneasy feeling. Among some potentially drab dream topics, these individuals may have been dreaming about some of the commonly-occurring unpleasant dreams such as someone, or something, chasing them, death of someone in their lives or their own imagined tragic deaths, the imagined betrayal of a close friend, or the imagined sexual infidelity of an intimate partner (Levin & Nielsen, 2007; Morewedge & Norton, 2009). Morewedge and Norton (2009) showed that the interpretation of these dreams could have a profound effect on the lives of these uneasy dreamers. They conducted six related studies. In the first of them they showed that from a brief description of four theories about the meaning of dreams, the majority of individuals from the United States, South Korea, and India chose one of them as most likely to be true, namely the belief that dreams contain hidden truthful information. This is similar to the ideas of the importance of dream interpretation presented by Freud (1900/1955), and reaching as far back as Plato (Grube, 1974; Malone, 2009). In the second and third studies, they demonstrated that dreams are widely believed to provide meaningful information about the world around us, more so than the same thoughts that occurred during waking hours. In subsequent studies they demonstrated that the meaningfulness that people attached to dreams was moderated by their consistency with preexisting beliefs. For example, if a dream about a trusted friend had the friend behaving in a helpful way, then participants attributed considerable meaningfulness to that dream. Presumably, this enhanced perception of meaning was attributable to the fact that the dream content was consistent with preexisting expectations about how the friend would behave in real life and facilitated the maintenance of a positive disposition towards the friend. Such a dream would likely be considered less meaningful if the trusted friend behaved in an unhelpful way. People might downplay the meaning of such a dream because the friend’s behavior in the dream violated their expectations of the way the friend would actually behave and because interpreting the dream as a valid commentary on the character of the friend would require them to change their disposition towards the friend. Interestingly, Morewedge and Norton (2009) showed that dream content could actually influence perceived behavior. Specifically, their participants reported greater liking for a real friend “after considering an imaginary dream in which a friend protected rather than betrayed them” (2009, p. 249). Thus, the authors concluded that motivated interpretation of dreams can translate to, and impact, our daily lives. This paper was well-received, with watered-down accounts of it being chronicled in the popular press (Cherry, 2019). The reason for the warm reception likely stemmed partly from the popularity of Freudian ideology in contemWhen dreaming is believing: Extending the findings to favorite celebrities
Indonesian Millennial Awareness to Privacy and Personal Data Protection on the Internet

The internet is the daily consumption of millennials. Since all form of privacy violation on the internet is detrimental. Millennials awareness to protect the privacy and personal data on the internet is fundamental. This study aims to see what awareness of Indonesia’s millennial related to protect their privacy and personal data, including what personal data that is concerned; how internet behaviour related to privacy and personal data, and how to response of privacy invasion on internet. This study uses a quantitative approach. The data collection method used is an online questionnaire. The analytical method used is descriptive analysis. The results of this study indicate that the millennials consider personal data that is closely related to family and their owns have to be protected. Millennials also show suspicious behaviour regarding their personal data on the internet and found that all forms of violation of privacy and personal data are disturbing and offensive. Millennials thought technical capability on the internet is essential to minimise the risk of privacy violation on the internet, and millennials tend trust in their own abilities than relying on the government. This research is open to being developed further, among others by looking at and measuring the competence of millennials and what factors determine the success of protecting privacy and personal data on the internet.
Mapping of quantitative trait loci conferring resistance to bacterial wilt in tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum L.)

Tobacco bacterial wilt (TBW) is one of the most serious tobacco diseases in the world. Studies have shown that tobacco resistance to TBW is quantitatively inherited. This study aimed to map quantitative trait loci (QTL) conferring TBW resistance. An F2 : 3 population containing 237 lines was developed from a cross between two flue-cured tobacco cultivars, ‘Yanyan 97’ (YY97; moderately resistant to TBW) and ‘Honghua Dajinyuan’ (HD; highly susceptible to TBW), and a linkage map consisting of 201 simple sequence repeats (SSR) markers and spanning a total length of 2326.7 cM was constructed based on the population. Field experiments were conducted 2011 and 2012, and disease symptoms were investigated three times in each year. The phenotypic data were analysed either separately or jointly for QTL mapping using the software QTLNetwork 2.1. Eight QTL with significant main effects were mapped on chromosomes 2, 6, 12, 17 and 24. A major QTL (qBWR17a) was detected on chromosome 17, which explained up to 30% of the phenotypic variation. The results can facilitate marker-assisted selection (MAS) in TBW resistance breeding programme.
Haemocyte responses of blue mussels (Mytilus edulis L.) transferred from a contaminated site to a reference site: can the immune system recuperate?

We measured the haemocyte responses of the blue mussels, Mytilus edulis (L.), transferred from a contaminated site (Pictou, NS, Canada) to a relatively clean site (Richibucto, NB, Canada) to assess the capacity of recovery of haemocytes. Mussels from each site were caged in Richibucto. Haemocyte count, phagocytic capacity, mortality and mitotic activity were measured 1, 4 and 9 days after caging. At the end of the 9-day exposure, 15 mussels from each site were evaluated for their capacity to clear bacteria, 36 h after having been injected with Listonella anguillarum. Before caging, mussels native to Pictou had higher haemocyte counts and mitotic capacity and lower phagocytic capacity than mussels native to Richibucto. However, after the mussels had been caged and transferred from Pictou to Richibucto and as the exposure progressed, phagocytic capacity slowly rose to the level measured at Richibucto, the haemocyte count lowered and haemocyte mortality and mitotic activity rose. At the end of the experiment, bacteria clearing was more efficient in mussels originating from Richibucto than in those transferred from Pictou. This study shows a partial recovery of the haemocyte responses in mussels originating from an industrialized site and transferred to an unindustrialized environment, and illustrates the importance of linking descriptors of haemocyte activity with immunocompetency.