Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Identification of epigenetic methylation-driven signature and risk loci associated with survival for colon cancer

Background Abnormal methylation is associated with the survival of colon cancer. This study intended to discover a significant model based on methylation-driven genes (MDGs) and screen relative risk loci to assist with determining the prognoses of colon cancer patients. Methods We downloaded transcriptome expression profiles and 450K methylation data from the TCGA database. We then collected the two normalized profiles and utilized the MethylMix package to identify a significant signature showing the aberrantly methylated events highly correlated with expression levels. Also, functional enriched pathway analysis based on the ConsensusPathDB database was conducted to further explore the underlying cancer-related crosstalk among the identified MDGs. To find the significant MDGs for prognosis, we applied a univariate Cox regression model, and the hub signature was identified based on the stepwise regression method. A risk model based on MDGs was constructed from the multivariate Cox analysis, and a receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was drawn to assess the predictive value of the MDG signature. Additionally, the Kruskal-Wallis (K-W) test was conducted to compare differential distributions of risk scores across groups of clinical variables. Furthermore, the methylation sites relating to the hub genes were screened out and the prognostic genes were searched using the Cox regression method. Last, we carried out gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) with the risk score levels serving as the phenotype base on the JAVA platform. Results A total of 514 colon cancer samples with transcriptome profiles, including 473 tumor samples and 41 matched normal samples, were downloaded. We also obtained 351 methylation profiles comprising 314 tumor samples and 37 normal samples. The 320 MDGs identified by MethylMix were enriched in the generic transcription pathway, RNA polymerase II transcription, activation of SMO, or glutathione metabolism. Furthermore, a 10-MDGs signature was selected as the hub prognostic marker, and the risk model was constructed from the multivariate Cox regression results. We also discovered multiple specific methylated sites that were highly associated with survival. Finally, the GSEA results suggested that several enriched pathways were associated with the identified risk drivers, including extracellular matrix (ECM) receptor interaction, chemokine receptor interaction, and pathways in cancer, as well as calcium signaling pathways. Conclusions We conducted a comprehensive investigation of the molecular mechanisms in colon cancer by discovering the risk methylation-driven signature combined with relative methylated sites and constructing a risk model to predict prognosis.
EFFECT OF UNIT CELL LENGTH ON YOUNG’S MODULUS OF ZIGZAG SINGLE WALLED CARBON NANOTUBES

Abstract A new theoretical method has been implemented to study the effect of length on Young’s modulus of zigzag carbon nanotubes (CNTs). In this model, a combination of continuum mechanics and molecular mechanics methods has been used to find the Young’s modului of intact and defective CNTs. The Young’s modulus of an intact CNT unit cell, length = 6.39 angstrom, was calculated about 940 GPa that shows a good agreement with experimental and theoretical results. Increasing the length of unit cell to 7.81nm causes a reduction in the modulus and it becomes 887 GPa, while a smaller unit cell with length of 4.97 angstrom has the modulus about 1040 GPa. By increasing the diameter, the huge difference between the young’s moduli decreases and for long nanotubes, the moduli of all unit cells with different lengths approaches to 940 GPa.
Oral health status and oral health behaviors of 12-year-old urban and rural school children in Udupi, Karnataka, India: A cross-sectional study

Objectives: The objective of this study is to assess the oral health status and oral health behavior among 12-year-old urban and rural school children and to evaluate the relative effect of sociobehavioral risk factors on caries experience. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted which included urban and rural subgroups of 12-year-old school children. The final study population covered two groups: 12 years rural (n = 261) and urban school children (n = 264). Data were collected and compared using Chi-square test. Logistic regression analysis was done to assess the importance of variables associated with dental caries. Results: Highly significant differences (P < 0.001) were observed between rural and urban school children for the use of oral hygiene aids, frequency of tooth brushing, and dental services utilization. Dental caries level was significantly higher (P < 0.03) for rural children. Decayed teeth (DT) component constituted majority of decayed, missing, and filled teeth (FT) in both population. 55.6% of the rural school children required treatment compared to 42.4% of urban school children. Mean Oral Hygiene Index-Simplified values, mean DT, and FT were statistically significant for urban and rural school children. Logistic regression analysis showed that government or private school, dental care utilization, socioeconomic status, and malocclusion status were significantly associated with dental caries. Conclusion: Poor oral health and high treatment needs of children belonging to low socioeconomic background is an alarming situation. Strengthening of oral health care in the rural and underprivileged section should be priority of the policymakers.
. (2019). Comment on: 'Petrography of the Snap Lake Kimberlite Dyke (Northwest Territories, Canada) and its Interaction with Country Rock Granitoids' by Fulop et al. (2018),

Fulop et al. (2018) infer that the Snap Lake kimberlite intrusion (NWT Canada) was emplaced as a single batch of magma and that internal variations are a consequence of alteration and interactions with granitoid host-rocks by deuteric ﬂuids. However, ﬁeld, petrological, geochemical and theoretical constraints support multiple magma batches, and show that the deuteric alteration hypothesis is implausible. Rather we propose that alteration is primarily the consequence of reactions between the kimberlite, country rock xenoliths and surrounding granite with groundwaters during cooling and serpentinisation at temperatures between 400 ◦ C and ambient.
A mouse model of complete-crush transection spinal cord injury made by two operations

Background More and more studies have focused on the treatment of spinal cord injury (SCI) by tissue engineering, but there is still no ideal animal model that can genuinely and objectively simulate the real pathological process in clinical practice. Also, given the increasing availability and use of genetically modified animals in basic science research, it has become essential to develop clinically related models for SCI for use in mice. Methods Forty-eight C57BL/6 mice were divided into three groups (injured/sham/uninjured). We determined the scar range made by the first crush injury by specimen observation, hematoxylin and eosin (HE) staining, and immunofluorescence staining. Transection to completely remove a 2-mm spinal cord segment centered on the lesion core was completed 6 weeks after the first injury in injured groups, whereas the sham group only underwent re-exposure of the spinal cord without transection injury. The characteristics of this SCI model were fully ascertained by specimen observation, HE staining, immunofluorescence staining, and quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). Results No mice died after the first injury. Histopathological findings suggested a scar range of 2 mm. After the second operation, 2 mice of the injured group and 1 mouse of the sham group died. The Basso Mouse Scale (BMS) score and motor evoked potential (MEP) results showed that the neurological function of mice did not recover. Immunostaining showed that there were no neurons or neurofilament residues in the lesion core 4 weeks after the second injury. Astrocytes encapsulated immune cells to form dense glial scars. Most immune cells were confined to the core of the lesion and formed fibrous scars with the fibroblasts. At the same time, there was considerable angiogenesis in the lesion core and around the injury. The results of qRT-PCR showed that Ptprc was highly expressed in the lesion core, while Gfap, nestin, Cnp, and Sv2b were highly expressed in the adjacent region. This suggests that the lesion core is a highly inflammatory zone, but there may be spontaneous neurogenesis adjacent to the lesion core. Conclusions The mouse crash-complete transection SCI model made by the two operations has good simulation, high feasibility, and high reproducibility; it will be a useful tool for pre-clinical testing of SCI treatment.
The neural system regulates bone homeostasis via mesenchymal stem cells: a translational approach

Large bone reconstruction is a major clinical issue associated with several challenges, and autograft is the main method for reconstructing large defects of maxillofacial bone. However, postoperative osteoporosis of the bone graft, even with sufficient vascularization, remains a primary problem. Therefore, better understanding of the mechanisms and clinical translation of bone homeostasis is required. Neuronal innervation of the bone is an emerging research topic, especially with regards to the role of peripheral nerves in regulating bone homeostasis. Moreover, sensory and autonomic nerves regulate this process via different types of neurotransmitters, but the specific mechanism is still elusive. In this review article, the current understanding of the interaction between the peripheral nerve and the skeleton system is summarized, with a particular focus on bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMMSCs), except for osteoblasts and osteoclasts. The novel application of nerve-based bone regeneration via BMMSCs may provide a new strategy in tissue engineering and clinical treatment of osteoporosis and bone disorders.
When more competition may damage welfare with socially responsible firms

When more competition may damage welfare with socially responsible firms Considering a Cournot monopoly/duopoly model with linear/quadratic production costs and Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) activities, this note shows that, in contrast to the common view, entry may reduce social welfare. Moreover, we remark that the higher the CSR activities are, the more likely the welfare-damaging entry effect may occur, and the social welfare changes following a firm’s entry crucially depend on the degree of convexity of the cost function.
BMI> 30 More Likely to Require Medication Management of Gestational Diabetes

Objective: Obesity is a well-known risk factor for diabetes. We sought to determine if a high BMI also increases the risk of requiring medication to achieve euglycemia. Methods: This is a planned secondary analysis of a cohort of women who received determination of the HbA1C at the first prenatal visit to evaluate the efficacy of the HbA1C as a triaging tool in patients at high risk of gestational diabetes. BMI was calculated at the first visit. Women with pre-existing diabetes were excluded. After delivery charts were reviewed for diagnosis of GDM and for medication use. BMI was broken up into 6 categories: underweight <18.5; appropriate weight 18.5-24.9; overweight 25-29.9; obese1 30-39.9, obese 2 40-50;obese 3>50. Results: 300 patients were included in the study. No patients in the underweight group had GDM. 66 patients were normal weight and 16(24%) had GDM and 10 of 16(63%) required medication. In the overweight group (N=93) 28 had GDM (30%) and 15/28(54%) required medication. In the obese 1 group (N-112); 53(47%) had GDM and 47/53(89%) required medication. Of patients in group obese 2 (N=20) 13 had GDM (65%) and 10(77%) required medication. Obese 3 contained 4 patients and all had GDM and 3(75%) required medication. BMI of 30 appeared to be a cut point. For every 1 point increase in BMI >30 there was an 8.5% increase in the odds of being on medication. A 5 point increase in BMI increased the odds of requiring medication by 50%. Patients with a BMI≥ 30 had a 3.5 fold increased risk of GDM compared to patients with in the normal weight category (95% CI = 1.3-9.4). Conclusion: For every 1 point increase in BMI >30, the risk of requiring medication to achieve euglycemia increased by 8.5%.
Multiple faces of pulmonary large cell neuroendocrine carcinoma: update with a focus on practical approach to diagnosis

Pulmonary large cell neuroendocrine carcinoma (LCNEC) is a rare and aggressive malignancy that is strongly linked to smoking and notoriously difficult to diagnose and treat. Recent molecular data reveal that it represents a biologically heterogeneous group of tumors, characterized by morphologic and genomic diversity that straddles small cell and non-small cell lung carcinomas (NSCLCs), and in a minority of cases atypical carcinoids. This review provides an update on recent molecular and clinical developments in LCNEC with the main focus on practical approach to pathologic diagnosis using illustrative examples of the main differential diagnostic considerations.
Resource potential of the investment-construction complex

The purpose of this study is to define the stages and content of the resource potential for the investmentconstruction complex (ICC). The study surveyed the composition and proposed a set of indicators to assess the resource potential, including natural, labor, informational, property, financial, energy, scientific and technical potentials. The findings provide a rational basis for decision-making in infrastructure planning, resource utilization, and optimization of benefits at the corporate and government levels.
NOVEL NANOCOMPOSITE MATERIALS FOR POWER ENGINEERING

Composite materials, twoand three-component in particular, have been used in the field of power engineering for a few decades. Mechanical properties are ranked highest among monitored two-component composite materials. Three-component composite materials are further great at their electrical properties. These materials are composed of carrier component, binder and in the case of three-component material also of filler. A glass cloth or PET foil is ranked among the most often used carrier component. We most often see modified epoxy resins as a binder. Electric barrier is almost entirely provided by mica fillers. Modification of basic resin by nanofillers brings another possibility how to modify and improve parameters of these materials, which are widely used in the field of power engineering, especially for insulating systems of electric machines. Epoxy resin filled by POSS nanoparticles is examined in our workplace in co-operation with the Academy of Sciences. POSS nanoparticles are more complicated elements forming closed structures. This basic scaffold is formed by silicon and oxygen. Number of substances, the most often hydrocarbons, can be linked by this basic scaffold. Epoxy resin examined by us is based on bisphenol-A and contains two kinds of POSS nanoparticles with different level of filling. Two types of hardener were used to their setting. DC and AC measurement and thermal analysis were done. Electrical measurement included observation of dielectric absorption and resorption and out of this findings, rezistivity was calculated. Furthermore, power loss factor tg δ depending on frequency and temperature as well as permitivity was measured. Simultaneous Thermal Analysis – Thermogravimetry (TG) and Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC) – was realized. Finding optimal filling and testing effects of new fillers on electric and mechanical properties are the next steps planned for this area in the near future.
Climate simulations and pollen data reveal the distribution and connectivity of temperate tree populations in eastern Asia during the Last Glacial Maximum

Abstract. Publications on temperate deciduous tree refugia in Europe are abundant, but little is known about the patterns of temperate tree refugia in eastern Asia, an area where biodiversity survived Quaternary glaciations and which has the world's most diverse temperate flora. Our goal is to compare climate model simulations with pollen data in order to establish the location of glacial refugia during the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM). Limits in which temperate deciduous trees can survive are taken from the literature. The model outputs are first tested for the present by comparing climate models with published modern pollen data. As this method turned out to be satisfactory for the present, the same approach was used for the LGM. Climate model simulations (ECHAM5 T106), statistically further downscaled, are used to infer the temperate deciduous tree distribution during the LGM. These were compared with available fossil temperate tree pollen occurrences. The impact of the LGM on the eastern Asian climate was much weaker than on the European climate. The area of possible tree growth shifts only by about 2∘ to the south between the present and the LGM. This contributes to explaining the greater biodiversity of forests in eastern Asia compared to Europe. Climate simulations and the available, although fractional, fossil pollen data agree. Therefore, climate estimations can safely be used to fill areas without pollen data by mapping potential refugia distributions. The results show two important areas with population connectivity: the Yellow Sea emerged shelf and the southern Himalayas. These two areas were suitable for temperate deciduous tree growth, providing corridors for population migration and connectivity (i.e. less population fragmentation) in glacial periods. Many tree populations live in interglacial refugia, not glacial ones. The fact that the model simulation for the LGM fits so well with observed pollen distribution is another indication that the model used is good enough to also simulate the LGM period.
“Design for all”— Accessibility design issues on 75 Swedish public sector websites

In the Internet era, providing accessible online services that ensures citizens with different abilities, regardless of time and location constrains, to access the information and meet their requirements has become a global aim. Web accessibility is not always taken into enough consideration on accessing contents in public sector ’ s websites. A similar research has been carried out in 2003 and draw a concerning conclusion that indicates the web content provided by Swedish public sectors cannot be fully accessed by people with disabilities. In order to determine how much accessibility improvement has been implemented within these websites, this paper aims to evaluate the same tested websites by investigates the compliance levels of WCAG in Swedish public sector’s websites by analysing the results from automated accessibility evaluation and manual evaluation. The results from this paper have been compared to the one from the previous study so that to reveal what are the common accessibility problems existing in the websites, and how much efforts have been input on accessibility development from 2003 to 2020. The research also provides a multi-angle accessibility evaluation method which combines automated and manual evaluation, for gaining a reliable and comprehensive result of web accessibility evaluation. The results show that 14 websites passed the automated accessibility test but none of these 14 websites met the requirements in the manual evaluation. On the other hand, failing to provide text alternative to convey the information for non-text content is the most common problem in these websites, as well as lack of enough contrast between text color and background color, missing page title and link purpose etc. Overall speaking, considerable accessibility improvements have been found in Swedish public sector’s websites, yet some problems remain. Furthermore, the results of the research document the current situation of accessibility in these websites as a baseline for future study.
Medium-Range Fire Weather Forecasts J . 0

The forecast skill of theNational Meteorological Center's medium range forecast (MRF) numerical forecasts of fire weather variables is assessed for the period June 1,1988 to May 31,1990. Near-surface virtual temperature, relative humidity, wind speed and a derived fire weather index @WI) are forecast well by the MRF model. However, forecast relative humidity has a wet bias during the winter and a slight dry bias during the summer, which has noticeable impact on forecasts of the derived fire weather index. The FWI forecasts are also strongly affected by near-surface wind forecast errors. Still, skillful forecasts of the fire weather index as well as the other relevant fire weather variables are made out to about 10 days. These forecasts could be utilized more extensively by fire weather forecasters.
Improving large-scale greenhouse land cover mapping by 2 using 3 D data from VHR satellite stereo imagery 3

11 Agriculture under Plastic Covered Greenhouses (PCG) has represented a step 12 forward in the evolution from traditional to industrial farming. However, PCG13 based agricultural model has been also criticized for its associated environmental 14 impact such as plastic waste, visual impact, soil pollution, biodiversity degradation 15 and local runoff alteration. In this sense, timely and effective large-scale PCG 16 mapping is the only way to help policy-makers in the definition of plans dealing 17 with the trade-off between farmers’ profit and environmental impact for the 18 remaining inhabitants. 19 Computers and Electronics in Agriculture 2 With the aim to improve large-scale PCG mapping, this work proposes a 20 methodological pipeline based on Digital Surface Models (DSM) produced from 21 VHR satellite stereo imagery. This methodological approach has been tested over 22 a dense greenhouse covered area located at Almeria (Southern Spain) from a 23 WorldView-2 VHR satellite stereo-pair, consisting of three main steps: 24 i) Automatically producing stereo matching derived DSM from VHR 25 satellite stereo-pairs. In this work, two well-known types of image 26 matching algorithms, such as semi-global matching (SGM) (software 27 RPC Stereo Processor (RSP)) and area-based matching (software 28 PCI Geomatics®), were tested. 29 ii) Applying an outlier filtering algorithm to the stereo matching 30 derived DSM to subsequently obtain a 1 m grid spacing DSM by 31 using the Gaussian Markov Random Field (GMRF) interpolation 32 method (GMRF DSM). 33 iii) Automatically filtering terrain points (i.e. bare earth z-values) from 34 the original stereo matching derived DSM to finally obtain a 1 m 35 grid spacing Digital Elevation Model (DEM) by using GMRF 36 interpolation. 37 Both DSM and DEM vertical accuracy were assessed by means of LiDAR 38 data provided by the Spanish Government (PNOA Programme). 39 Regarding original DSM completeness results, RSP software produced 40 significantly better scores than PCI Geomatics. Concerning GMRF DSM vertical 41 accuracy, PCI Geomatics and RSP yielded insignificantly different results. The 42 DEM error figures also showed no significant differences. The computed DEM 43 Computers and Electronics in Agriculture 3 error figures were highly dependent on DSM-to-DEM filtering error, in turn 44 closely related to greenhouse density and terrain complexity. 45 The 3D information layer provided through the described methodology could 46 be very valuable as a complement to the traditional 2D spectral information 47 offered by VHR satellite imagery to improve large-scale PCG mapping. 48