Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The Coin Problem with Applications to Data Streams

Consider the problem of computing the majority of a stream of $n$ i.i. d. uniformly random bits. This problem, known as the coin problem, is central to a number of counting problems in different data stream models. We show that any streaming algorithm for solving this problem with large constant advantage must use $\Omega(\log n)$ bits of space. We extend our lower bound to proving tight lower bounds for solving multiple, randomly interleaved copies of the coin problem, as well as for solving the OR of multiple copies of a variant of the coin problem. Our proofs involve new measures of information complexity that are well-suited for data streams. We use these lower bounds to obtain a number of new results for data streams. In each case there is an underlying $d$ dimensional vector $x$ with additive updates to its coordinates given in a stream of length $m$. The input streams arising from our coin lower bound have nice distributional properties, and consequently for many problems for which we only had lower bounds in general turnstile streams, we now obtain the same lower bounds in more natural models, such as the bounded deletion model, in which $\Vert x\Vert_{2}$ never drops by a constant fraction of what it was earlier, or in the random order model, in which the updates are ordered randomly. In particular, in the bounded deletion model, we obtain nearly tight lower bounds for approximating $\Vert x\Vert_{\infty}$ up to additive error $\frac{1}{\sqrt{k}}\Vert x\Vert_{2}$, approximating $\Vert x\Vert_{2}$ up to a multiplicative ($1+\epsilon$) factor (resolving a question of Jayaram and Woodruff in PODS 2018), and solving the Point Query and $\ell_{2}$-Heavy Hitters Problems. In the random order model, we also obtain new lower bounds for the Point Query and $\ell_{2}$-Heavy Hitters Problems. We also give new algorithms complementing our lower bounds and illustrating the tightness of the models we consider, including an algorithm for approximating $\Vert x\Vert_{\infty}$ up to additive error $\frac{1}{\sqrt{k}}\Vert x\Vert_{2}$ in turnstile streams (resolving a question of Cormode in a 2006 IITK Workshop), and an algorithm for finding $\ell_{2}$-heavy hitters in randomly ordered insertion streams (which for random order streams, resolves a question of Nelson in a 2018 Warwick Workshop).
Light Actuation Based On Facial Mood Recognition

Current lighting technologies extend the options for changing the appearance of rooms and closed spaces, as such creating ambiences with an affective meaning. Using intelligence, these ambiences may instantly be adapted to the needs of the room’s occupant(s), possibly improving their well-being. In this paper, we set actuate lighting in our surrounding using mood detection. We analyze the mood of the person by Facial Emotion Recognition using deep learning model such as Convolutional Neural Network (CNN). On recognizing this emotion, we will actuate lighting in our surrounding in accordance with the mood. Based on implementation results, the system needs to be developed further by adding more specific data class and training data.
Biochemical study of some non invasive markers in liver fibrosis patients

Non-invasive methods have been proposed as surrogate markers for liver biopsy. It was shown that serum hyaluronic acid (HA) level increase with the development of liver fibrosis. The present study aims to determine serum HA level cut-off points for predicting liver fibrosis. Serum HA level in chronic hepatitis patients (n=60) are divided into two groups, group1: included 30 patients, there were positive for anti-HCV (antibodies), group2: included 30 patients, there were positive for HBsAg, and controls (n=10) were assessed by ELISA and liver histopathological parameters were evaluated by the modified Knodell score and microscopic examination of liver biopsies. The results showed that individuals in healthy control group have normal levels of HA (mean 14.3, SD: 5.5) while the levels of HA were elevated in patients of HCV alone (mean 103.6±28.0) and in patient of HCV (mean 104.5± 37.5). Also levels of HA were poorly elevated in HBV alone (mean 62.2± 15.5) and in HBV (mean 45.8± 12.4). The comparison between the studied groups regarding to the level of HA showed that a significant difference was observed between healthy group and HBV & HCV groups (P < 0.001). HA levels and stages of fibrosis were well correlated in patients of HBV and HCV group. Where, this is a significant increase in HA levels when considering F0 to F6 scores by liver biopsy (P < 0.001). Serum HA levels are well correlated with HAI In patients Of HBV & HCV groups where, there was significant increase in HA levels by increase of HAI in liver biopsy at P < 0.001.
A cross-correlation method to search for gravitational wave bursts with AURIGA and Virgo

We present a method to search for transient gravitational waves using a network of detectors with different spectral and directional sensitivities: the interferometer Virgo and the bar detector AURIGA. The data analysis method is based on the measurements of the correlated energy in the network by means of a weighted cross-correlation. To limit the computational load, this coherent analysis step is performed around time–frequency coincident triggers selected by an excess power event trigger generator tuned at low thresholds. The final selection of gravitational wave candidates is performed by a combined cut on the correlated energy and on the significance as measured by the event trigger generator. The method has been tested on one day of data of AURIGA and Virgo during September 2005. The outcomes are compared to the results of a stand-alone time–frequency coincidence search. We discuss the advantages and the limits of this approach, in view of a possible future joint search between AURIGA and one interferometric detector.
A Probabilistic Patient Scheduling Model with Time Variable Slots

One of the current challenges faced by health centers is to reduce the number of patients who do not attend their appointments. The existence of these patients causes the underutilization of the center's services, which reduces their income and extends patient's access time. In order to reduce these negative effects, several appointment scheduling systems have been developed. With the recent availability of electronic health records, patient scheduling systems that incorporate the patient's no-show prediction are being developed. However, the benefits of including a personalized individual variable time slot for each patient in those probabilistic systems have not been yet analyzed. In this article, we propose a scheduling system based on patients' no-show probabilities with variable time slots and a dynamic priority allocation scheme. The system is based on the solution of a mixed-integer programming model that aims at maximizing the expected profits of the clinic, accounting for first and follow-up visits. We validate our findings by performing an extensive simulation study based on real data and specific scheduling requirements provided by a Spanish hospital. The results suggest potential benefits with the implementation of the proposed allocation system with variable slot times. In particular, the proposed model increases the annual cumulated profit in more than 50% while decreasing the waiting list and waiting times by 30% and 50%, respectively, with respect to the actual appointment scheduling system.
Production of Somatic Hybrid between Black Mustard (Brassica nigra KOCH.;BB) and Hakuran (B. napus L.;AACC)

Mesophyll protoplasts of black mustard and Hakuran were fused by the PEG-high pH ? igh Ca method. Out of six plants regenerated, one showed hybrid morphology. The hybridity was ascertained by the isozyme pattern of acid phosphatase and chromosome number. This hybrid was estimated to be a trigenomic hexaploid having A. B and C genomes, and showed similar male sterility to Hakuran.
Water Loss, Conductance, and Structure of Eggs of Pied Flycatchers during Egg Laying and Incubation

Eggs of Pied Flycatchers (Ficedula hypoleuca) lose water at a slow, constant rate ($$\dot{M}_{H_{2}O}$$) during egg laying but at a much higher, linear rate during incubation. Prepipping losses average 20% of the egg's mass when freshly laid. The watervapor conductance ($$G_{H_{2}O}$$) of the eggshell increases (linearly) fourfold between the time the egg is laid and the end of incubation. Linear increases in $$\dot{M}_{H_{2}O}$$ and $$G_{H_{2}O}$$ have previously been associated with the eggs of large, precocial birds rather than those of altricial songbirds. At least 88% of the increase in $$\dot{M}_{H_{2}O}$$ during the incubation period can be accounted for by changes in the egg's $$G_{H_{2}O}$$. The high water loss that occurs during the second half of incubation appears to result from shell erosion, which reduces pore length and shell thickness, and perhaps increases pore size, in the equatorial and sharp regions of the egg. Increasing $$\dot{M}_{H_{2}O}$$ and $$G_{H_{2}O}$$ are not due to losses of cuticle from the egg's surface or to increases in pore number, the number of open pores in the shell, or egg temperature during incubation. Flycatcher eggshells have four types of pores. They are usually open, frequently bent, and evenly distributed over the egg's surface.
Strategic interaction support for knowledge sharing in virtual communities

Knowledge sharing in VCs heavily relies on members¿ interaction, which takes participants¿ time and effort to collaborate, and the costs of and benefits from interactions in knowledge sharing vary with different collaborator selection. To achieve efficient and effective knowledge sharing, strategic interactions are needed. In this paper, we tried to tackle the strategic interaction support problem for knowledge sharing in VCs from the perspective of cognitive background and social relationship context.
Inherited stress-induced hypertension associates with altered gene expression of thermosensitive TRP ion channels in hypothalamus -

Objective: The widespread essential hypertension, of which the nature is still unclear, demands a comprehensive study of the differences between normo- and hypertensives. Hypertension may be associated with changes in the central nervous system functioning, at various levels. Our previous data have shown the differences in thermo-responsiveness of normotensive and hypertensive rats. Thermosensitive TRP (transient receptor potential) ion channels which are considered as a molecular basis of the thermosensitivity are essential for thermoregulation. Hypothalamus is the important brain structure for blood pressure and temperature regulation. The aim of present work was to assess the expression of thermosensitive TRP ion channel genes in functionally different parts of hypothalamus in normo- and hypertensive rats. Methods: Male inherited stress-induced arterial hypertensive (ISIAH) rats and normotensive Wistar Albino Glaxo (WAG) were used. Gene expression was assayed by the quantitative method of reverse transcription-polymerase-chain-reaction (RT-PCR). Results: Differences between normal and hypertensive rats were found in the expression of transient receptor potential melastatin 8 (Trpm8) and transient receptor potential vanilloid 4 (Trpv4) genes. The level of Trpm8 mRNA in the anterior hypothalamus of hypertensives was more than twice lower than in normotensives. In hypertensives, the level of Trpv4 mRNA in posterior hypothalamus was half time higher than in anterior, and significantly higher than in the normotensives. In normotensives, the Trpv4 gene expression was the same in both parts of hypothalamus. Some differences between anterior and posterior hypothalamus were similar in normo- and hypertensives: the level of Trpm8 mRNA in the anterior hypothalamus was three times higher than in the posterior and the levels of Trpv1 and transient receptor potential ankyrin 1 (Trpa1) mRNA, vice versa. Conclusion: The obtained data allow to come closer to understand the possible molecular bases of the status of hypertension and elucidate some aspects of the physiological role of the investigated thermosensitive TRP ion channels.
Predictive values of C-reactive protein/albumin ratio in new-onset atrial fibrillation after coronary artery bypass grafting.

OBJECTIVE This study aimed to investigate the predictive value of the newly defined C-Reactive Protein (CRP)/Albumin Ratio (CAR) in determining the development of atrial fibrillation (AF) in comparison with other inflammatory markers, such as Neutrophil/Lymphocyte (N/L) Ratio and Platelet/Lymphocyte (P/L) Ratio, in patients undergoing Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting (CABG) surgery. METHODS The population of this observational study consisted of 415 patients undergoing CABG. The study cohort was subdivided into two groups based on the development of AF. Complete blood counts, serum CRP, and serum albumin levels were evaluated before the CABG. The CAR, N/L, and P/L ratios of all the patients were calculated. Predictors of postoperative AF were determined by multiple logistic regression analysis (MLRA). RESULTS During follow-up, 136 patients (32.8%) developed postoperative AF. With MLRA, independent risk factors for postoperative AF were determined as follows: fasting glucose level (OR: 1.01; 95 % CI: 1.00-1.01, P <0.001), age (OR: 1.12; 95 % CI: 1.07-1.17, P <0.001), left ventricle ejection fraction (OR: 0.90; 95 % CI: 0.87-0.94, P <0.001), male gender (OR: 3.32; 95 % CI: 1.39-7.90, P = 0.007), 24-hour drainage amount (OR: 1.004; 95 % CI: 1.002-1.005, P <0.001), and CAR (OR: 1.82; 95 % CI: 1.53-2.16, P <0.001). Receiver Operating Characteristic curve analysis showed that CAR (C-statistic: 0.75; 95% CI: 0.71-0.79, p< 0.001) was a significant predictor of AF. CONCLUSION Novel inflammatory marker CAR can be used as a reliable marker to predict the development of AF following CABG.
Formation and Recognition of UV-Induced DNA Damage within Genome Complexity

Ultraviolet (UV) light is a natural genotoxic agent leading to the formation of photolesions endangering the genomic integrity and thereby the survival of living organisms. To prevent the mutagenetic effect of UV, several specific DNA repair mechanisms are mobilized to accurately maintain genome integrity at photodamaged sites within the complexity of genome structures. However, a fundamental gap remains to be filled in the identification and characterization of factors at the nexus of UV-induced DNA damage, DNA repair, and epigenetics. This review brings together the impact of the epigenomic context on the susceptibility of genomic regions to form photodamage and focuses on the mechanisms of photolesions recognition through the different DNA repair pathways.
Flying Together: Drosophila as a Tool to Understand the Genetics of Human Alcoholism

Alcohol use disorder (AUD) exacts an immense toll on individuals, families, and society. Genetic factors determine up to 60% of an individual’s risk of developing problematic alcohol habits. Effective AUD prevention and treatment requires knowledge of the genes that predispose people to alcoholism, play a role in alcohol responses, and/or contribute to the development of addiction. As a highly tractable and translatable genetic and behavioral model organism, Drosophila melanogaster has proven valuable to uncover important genes and mechanistic pathways that have obvious orthologs in humans and that help explain the complexities of addiction. Vinegar flies exhibit remarkably strong face and mechanistic validity as a model for AUDs, permitting many advancements in the quest to understand human genetic involvement in this disease. These advancements occur via approaches that essentially fall into one of two categories: (1) discovering candidate genes via human genome-wide association studies (GWAS), transcriptomics on post-mortem tissue from AUD patients, or relevant physiological connections, then using reverse genetics in flies to validate candidate genes’ roles and investigate their molecular function in the context of alcohol. (2) Utilizing flies to discover candidate genes through unbiased screens, GWAS, quantitative trait locus analyses, transcriptomics, or single-gene studies, then validating their translational role in human genetic surveys. In this review, we highlight the utility of Drosophila as a model for alcoholism by surveying recent advances in our understanding of human AUDs that resulted from these various approaches. We summarize the genes that are conserved in alcohol-related function between humans and flies. We also provide insight into some advantages and limitations of these approaches. Overall, this review demonstrates how Drosophila have and can be used to answer important genetic questions about alcohol addiction.
Prevalence of cytopenia and its associated factors among HIV infected adults on highly active antiretroviral therapy at Mehal Meda Hospital, North Shewa Zone, Ethiopia

Background Cytopenias affect the outcomes of highly active anti-retroviral therapy that results in higher morbidity, mortality, and impaired quality of life. The purpose of this study was to assess the prevalence of cytopenia and its associated factors among HIV infected adults on highly active antiretroviral therapy at Mehal Meda Hospital, North Shewa Zone, Ethiopia. Method A cross-sectional health facility based study was conducted among 499 consecutively selected adult HIV infected patients taking HAART for at least six months from January to April 2018. The study participant’s socio-demographic and clinical information was collected using a pre-tested questionnaire and reviewing of medical records by trained clinical nurses. Complete blood count and CD4 T cell count were determined by Sysmex KX-21 N and BD FACS count respectively. Bivariate and multivariate analysis was performed to identify the independently associated factors of cytopenia and prevalence ratios and their 95% confidence intervals were estimated using Poisson regression model with robust error variance to quantify the strength of statistical association. In all cases, a P value less than 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Result Out of the total study participants, 39.9% had at least one form of cytopenia, 23.2% had anemia, 13.8% had leukopenia, 12.4% had thrombocytopenia, 11.62% had bi-cytopenias, and only 1% had pancytopenia. In multivariate analysis, cytopenia was independently associated with older age groups, male gender, ZDV based regimen, and CD4 count less than 200 cells/mm3. Conclusions In this study, the magnitude of any cytopenia was 40% among adult HIV infected patients taking highly active antiretroviral therapy and the prevalence increased as the CD4 count decreases. Therefore, these warrant the need for monitoring hematological parameters of HIV infected patients on HAART to reduce morbidity and mortality.
Targeting PI3K/Akt/mTOR in AML: Rationale and Clinical Evidence

Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is a highly heterogeneous hematopoietic malignancy characterized by excessive proliferation and accumulation of immature myeloid blasts in the bone marrow. AML has a very poor 5-year survival rate of just 16% in the UK; hence, more efficacious, tolerable, and targeted therapy is required. Persistent leukemia stem cell (LSC) populations underlie patient relapse and development of resistance to therapy. Identification of critical oncogenic signaling pathways in AML LSC may provide new avenues for novel therapeutic strategies. The phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase (PI3K)/Akt and the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) signaling pathway, is often hyperactivated in AML, required to sustain the oncogenic potential of LSCs. Growing evidence suggests that targeting key components of this pathway may represent an effective treatment to kill AML LSCs. Despite this, accruing significant body of scientific knowledge, PI3K/Akt/mTOR inhibitors have not translated into clinical practice. In this article, we review the laboratory-based evidence of the critical role of PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway in AML, and outcomes from current clinical studies using PI3K/Akt/mTOR inhibitors. Based on these results, we discuss the putative mechanisms of resistance to PI3K/Akt/mTOR inhibition, offering rationale for potential candidate combination therapies incorporating PI3K/Akt/mTOR inhibitors for precision medicine in AML.
Cytoplasmic Male Sterility in Oil Seed Rape. Brassica napus L., and its Utilization to Breeding.

Cytoplasmic male sterility was found in the progenies of intraspecific cross in oil seed rape. Sometimes partially male sterility segregated in the progenies and its expression seemed to depend upon environmental conditions. The degeneration of anther occurred between the stages of carpel differentiation III and male archesporial cell differentiation I. Out of 32 Japanese varieties and three lines tested, four fertility restoring, nine partially restoring and three non-restoring varieties to the male sterile lines were found. High seed yield obtained from open-pollinated male sterile lines may promise to be sufficient for production of hybrid seed.
Effects of Sapindus mukorossi Seed Oil on Proliferation, Osteogenetic/Odontogenetic Differentiation and Matrix Vesicle Secretion of Human Dental Pulp Mesenchymal Stem Cells

Stem cells have attracted great interest in the development of tissue engineering. However, the self-regeneration and multi-differentiation capabilities of stem cells are easily impaired during cell transplantation. Recent studies have demonstrated that Sapindus mukorossi (S. mukorossi) seed oil has various positive biological effects. However, it is not yet clear whether S. mukorossi seed oil can increase the growth and differentiation of dental pulp mesenchymal stem cells (DPSCs). The aim of this study is to investigate the effects of S. mukorossi seed oil on the proliferation and differentiation of DPSCs. DPSCs with and without S. mukorossi seed oil, respectively, were evaluated and compared. The viabilities of the cells were assessed by MTT tests. The osteogenetic and odontogenetic capacities of the DPSCs were tested using Alizarin red S staining and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity assays. In addition, real-time PCR was performed to examine the gene expression of ALP, BMP-2 and DMP-1. Finally, extracellular matrix vesicle secretion was detected via scanning electron microscopy. No significant difference was observed in the viabilities of the DPSCs with and without S. mukorossi seed oil, respectively. However, under osteogenic and odontogenic induction, S. mukorossi seed oil increased the secretion of mineralized nodules and the ALP activity of the DPSCs (p < 0.05). The ALP gene expression of the differentiation-induced DPSCs was also enhanced. Finally, a greater secretion of extracellular matrix vesicles was detected in the DPSCs following odontogenic induction complemented with S. mukorossi seed oil. Overall, the present results show that S. mukorossi seed oil promotes the osteogenic/odontogenic differentiation and matrix vesicle secretion of DPSCs.