Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A simplified coupling model of carbonation and chloride ingress based on Stefan-like condition

Abstract Practical observations demonstrate that the corrosion deterioration of numerous reinforced concrete structures is due to the combination of carbonation and chloride ingress. However, the comprehensive combined model developed directly based on the coupling mechanism of them is very complicated. This article presents a simplified model to describe the transport of chloride ions with carbonation by introducing the Stefan condition, which is mainly used for the mathematical modelling of boundary movement caused by phase transformation in thermodynamics. Meanwhile, the influence function of carbonation on the diffusion coefficient of chloride ion is also re-discussed. An empirical formula is fitted directly according to the mix proportions of concrete, which can greatly reduce the computational cost. Then, an intuitively expressed formula of chloride concentration distribution under the influence of carbonation can be solved. Ultimately, its prediction accuracy is verified by two experiments.
Transforming Growth Factor Beta has Dual Effects on MMP9 and uPA Expression in HTR-8/SVneo Human Trophoblastic Cell Line

Invasion of trophoblast into endometrium is vital for successful pregnancy development. MMP9 and uPA are key proteases in this process, but it is still not clear the regulation of its expression by Transforming Growth Factor Beta (TGF-β), known negative regulator of trophoblast invasion. We evaluated the effect of TGF-β on the transcriptional expression of uPA and MMP9 over time, in HTR- /SVneo trophoblast cells cultured with or without 0.5 % fetal bovine serum, via RT qPCR. The involved transcription factors and signaling pathways were analyzed in silico, using Proscan, Enrich, PCViz and WikiPathway. Results showed that that TGF-β regulates the expression of uPA and MMP9. Serum modified the nature of TGF-β’s effects on uPA expression, from negative without serum to positive with it, showing opposite effects on MMP9 expression. In silico analysis evidenced different transcription factors for each protease, some belonging to TGF-β ssignaling pathway, and crosstalk with MAPK and Wnt/β-catenin pathways. The TGF-β ddual role is discussed proposing that serum affects the cellular context. Transcriptional regulation of MMP9 and uPA by TGF-β is differential and depends on serum presence and evaluation time.
Isolation and Characterization of a Petroleum-Degrading Pseudoalteromonas Haloplanktis Strain from the Digestive Tract of Perinereis Aibuhitensis (Polychaete)

: The application of bioremediation approaches employing hydrocarbon-utilizing microorganisms to remove petroleum hydrocarbons from oil spills is an area of research that has gained extensive attention and has been widely investigated. In the present study, attempts have been made to isolate and characterize hydrocarbon-utilizing microorganisms immobilized in the digestive tract of Perinereis aibuhitensis . Isolate SC11-3, a potent petroleum-degrading organism, from Perinereis aibuhitensis gut samples was identified as Pseudoalteromonas sp. A detailed morphological, biochemical, and 16S rDNA sequence analysis revealed that it was closely related to Pseudoalteromonas haloplanktis . The isolate SC11-3 was capable of consuming about 40% diesel within 15 days from the medium containing 1 ml L -1 of oil. Furthermore, it was observed that the degrading efficiency of the isolate SC11-3 was significantly enhanced up to approximately 90% when the medium was supplemented with 4 g L -1 of glucose, indicating the possible occurrence of co-metabolism during the process of petroleum degradation by the bacterium. Our study reported an isolate of petroleum-degrading bacterium and its potential co-metabolism mechanism in oil degradation processes, which will provide new insight into in situ bioremediation of multi-biological systems.
Assessment of the Sphericity of Submicrometer Particles Using a Single-particle Polar Nephelometer at an Urban Site in Japan

ABSTRACT The sphericity of particles must be considered when evaluating their effects on the climate and human health. Thus, to examine this property and its controlling factors, this study measured the scattering angular distributions of both thermodenuded and non-thermodenuded individual particles with a diameter of 500 nm in real time using a home-made polar nephelometer in Nagoya, Japan. Estimating the sphericities based on the depths of the local minima in the scattering angular distributions, we found the ambient aerosols to be external mixtures of at least two types of particles, one with relatively high and the other with relatively low sphericity. Although most of the particles exhibiting high sphericity were removed as they passed through the thermodenuder, approximately one-third of the fraction exhibiting low sphericity remained. During the daytime, the proportion of the low-sphericity particles decreased, whereas the average sphericity of the high-sphericity particles increased, which can be attributed to photochemical formation and/or aging processes. On days with extremely high relative humidity, the diurnal variation in the average sphericity displayed another peak during the early morning, which may have been due to the secondary formation of nitrate.
Fabricación de vacunas en Chile una historia de producción local poco (re)conocida

En un momento en que todo el mundo esta esperando una vacuna contra el virus SARS-CoV-2, se cuenta una version sintetizada de la historia de la produccion de vacunas en Chile, siguiendo la huella que algunas han dejado a lo largo del tiempo. Este documento tiene como objetivo contribuir a la reflexion de como un pais es capaz de producir sus medicamentos con voluntad y recursos propios, y comprender el desarrollo que hay detras.
Growth and nutrient bioextraction of Gracilaria chorda, G. vermiculophylla, Ulva prolifera, and U. compressa under hypo- and hyper-osmotic conditions

The present study was to determine the effects of salinity on the growth and nutrient bioextraction abilities of Gracilaria and Ulva species, and to determine if these seaweeds can be used for nutrient bioextraction under hypo- and / or hyperosmotic conditions. Two Gracilaria species, G. chorda and G. vermiculophylla , and two Ulva species, U. prolifera and U. compressa , were cultured at various salinity conditions (5, 10, 15, 20, 30, 40, and 50 psu) for 3 weeks. Results showed that the growth rates, nutrient uptake, tissue nutrient contents and nutrient removal were significantly affected by salinity and species. All four species were euryhaline with the highest growth rates at 20 psu. Among the four species, U. prolifera , U . compressa , and G . vermiculophylla showed potential to be used for nutrient bioextraction in estuaries and / or land-based fish farms due to their rapid growth, high nutrient uptake, high tissue carbon and nitrogen accumulation and removal capacities.
Escaped farmed Atlantic salmon in Norwegian rivers during 1989–2013

We report on the data from an extensive monitoring programme for the occurrence of escaped farmed Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) in Norwegian rivers for 25 years. This monitoring started as a 3-year research programme in 1989 and was followed by management authorities to cover the proportional occurrence of escaped farmed Atlantic salmon in rivers during summer and autumn before spawning. Farmed salmon were distinguished from wild salmon by growth patterns in the scales. More than 362 000 salmon were registered by this programme. Here we present the historical data on escaped farmed salmon in catches 1989–2013 and a methodology for calculating averages across summer and autumn capture in rivers, across years and in regions, using weighted and unweighted observations. Catches of escaped farmed salmon show large spatial and temporal variation, with the early 1990s and early 2000s being periods of large influxes of farmed fish. Western Norway and parts of middle and northern Norway have shown particularly high incidences of escaped farmed fish. Because escaped farmed Atlantic salmon are competing and interbreeding with wild Atlantic salmon, as well as increasing the spread of disease-causing agents, they have become a major force driving the abundance and evolution of Atlantic salmon.
Miang Culture: The Community Resources Management Through “Design-Based Learning” for Self-Reliance of Highland Communities in the Upper Northern Thailand

The purpose of this article is to describe the formation of Miang resource management of the highland communities in the Upper Northern Thailand through design-based learning which is the mechanism to learning the management of the communities’ resource for self-reliance derived from the solid and strong foundation of the communities. The method utilized in the quality research, collecting the information from the documentary study, participatory and non-participatory observation, and the deep interview with the community philosopher, and the data is analyzed by using the content analysis method. The research found that most of the highland communities in the Upper Northern Thailand located at the west of Phi Pan Nam Mountains have a lifestyle that connects with the participatory Miang resource management, have wisdom which is the innovation of design-based learning for self-reliance of the communities through the accumulating and the transfer of the knowledge from generation to a generation called “Miang Culture” which is created from the systematic design-based learning process through the wisely utilization of Miang resource existing in the community, and to cause the maximum sustainability based on the participation of the community without causing the trouble or breaching other’s right.
Inter-relationship of behaviour, faecal testosterone levels and glandular volatiles in determination of dominance in male Blackbuck

Pheromone Technology Lab, Department of Animal Science, Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirappalli-620 024, Tamil Nadu, India Department of Zoology and Microbiology, Thiagarajar College (Autonomous), Madurai-625 009, Tamil Nadu, India Department of Zoology, Ayya Nadar Janaki Ammal College (Autonomous), Sivakasi 626 124, Tamil Nadu, India Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia-11451 Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore-637553
"Apples and Oranges": On comparing simulated historic near‐surface temperature changes with observations

Simulated historic near‐surface air temperature variations are often compared with observations of land air temperatures blended with sea surface temperatures. This study investigates claims that this is not a “true like‐with‐like” comparison, which may cause small biases in simulated twentieth century temperature changes, with implications for different climate attribution and projection studies. A more appropriate analysis, it is claimed, should use simulated sea surface temperatures blended with land air temperatures; an apparent discrepancy with observed trends is then reduced. As the temperature of the uppermost level in a model's ocean is used to represent simulated sea surface temperatures, that models have inconsistent ways of representing land, and that simulations have differing sea ice coverages, the claim of an idealised analysis approach is challenged. An examination of Coupled Model Intercomparison Project simulations, compared with an observational dataset of near‐surface temperatures, suggests there is a bias in simulated historic trends when upper‐ocean temperatures are used instead of marine air temperatures, but this bias is small compared to other model and observational uncertainties and the impact of analysis choices. The results indicate that it is generally appropriate to use global near‐surface air temperature diagnostics to compare simulated historic climate change with observed temperature changes. Alternative model diagnostics are not necessarily superior to those used in standard approaches, and the emphasis of model and observational discrepancies may be based on overconfident reasoning.
1,3-Dipolar Cycloaddition Chemistry

Historical Note, General Principle and Mechanistic Criteria. Nitrile Ylides. Nitrile Oxides and Nitrile Imines. Diazoalkanes. Azides and Nitrous Oxide. Azomethine Ylides. Azomethine Imines. Mesoionic Ring Systems. Nitrones. Azimines, Azoxy Compounds and Nitro Compounds. Ozone and Carbonyl Oxides. Intramolecular Dipolar Cycloadditions. Theory of 1,3--Dipolar Cycloadditions. 1,3--Dipolar Cycloreversions. Higher Order Dipolar Cycloadditions.
An Optimized Approach to Manage Energy Depletion in Routing Protocol for Low-Power and Lossy Networks (RPL)

The planned work targets to realize load balancing by letting every node to allocate the scalar data and multimedia data among parent nodes, in order to increase packet transfer rate and to decrease the end-to-end delay by estimating the remaining battery status and buffer usage of bottleneck parent nodes. Depending on current buffer usage and the data extents to be delivered by parent node, the required memory banks can be activated. Our proposal will greatly alleviate the packet loss problem, thereby achieving significant reduction in end-to-end delay for packet transfer
Climatic Effects on Quality Parameters and Their Relationships of Bread Wheat Genotypes (Triticum aestivum L.) Grown under Semi-arid Region

Aims: This study was conducted to determine climatic effects to quality parameters of bread wheat genotypes grown in the semi-arid region. Study Design: The experiment was carried out in a randomized complete block design with three replications. Thirty-three bread wheat genotypes (Triticum aestivum L.) were grown in a field trial and kernel samples analyzed for thousand kernel weight, test weight, protein content, wet gluten, dry gluten and SDS-sedimentation value. Place and Duration of Study: The research was carried out during the 2008 and 2009 growing seasons at Sanliurfa, Turkey. Methodology: For analyses 20 main spikes that contained fully developed kernels were chosen randomly from each plot and taken to the laboratory for analyses. The nitrogen content of kernels was determined using the Kjeldahl method and the result was multiplied by the factor 5.7 to calculate the protein content of kernels. Test weight and Sodium Dodecyl Sulphate (SDS)-sedimentation values were determined using standard procedures. Wet and dry gluten values were determined using a glutomatic system after separating gluten from the soluble starch and protein fractions. Results: Genotypes were significant (P ≤ 0.01) for all tested characteristics. Thousand kernel weight ranged from 25.8 to 42.3 g, test weight from 73.7 to 81.7 kg hl-1, protein content from 9.7 to 14.8%, wet gluten from 28.5 to 42.2%, dry gluten from 9.4 to 14.1% and SDS-sedimentation value from 19 to 39 ml. Bezostaya-I, Kutluk-94, Altay-85, Harmankaya-99, Lirasa, Kirgiz-95 and Dagdas-94 genotypes had the best quality among tested genotypes in the semi-arid climatic conditions. Protein content was positively correlated with wet gluten, dry gluten and SDS-sedimentation value, respectively. Relationships were significant between wet gluten and both dry gluten and SDS-sedimentation value. A positive significant correlation was found between thousand kernel weight and SDS-sedimentation value and between dry gluten and SDS-sedimentation value. Conclusion: Protein content, wet and dry gluten and SDS-sedimentation value were affected by climatic conditions of semi-arid region. Protein content, wet and dry gluten value were high but SDS-sedimentation value were low due to high temperature and low precipitation in semi-arid region.
Self–organized segregation of traders within a market

We study a simple competitive market, in which individual traders adapt their trading strategies according to past experience. Because of the limited knowledge available to them, they are forced to make decisions based on inductive, rather than deductive, thinking. We show that a population of competing traders with similar capabilities and knowledge will tend to self–segregate into opposing groups characterized by extreme behaviour. To be successful, a trader should behave in an extreme way by either always copying or rejecting past trends in the market's history. Cautious traders tend to perform poorly.
Searching for cover: soil enrichment and herbivore exclusion, not fire, enhance African savanna small‐mammal abundance

Large mammalian herbivores (LMH) are known to suppress populations of small mammals in African savanna ecosystems; whether this suppression is driven by depletion of nutrients and food resources, or of cover, is poorly understood. Cattle management creates scattered, persistent, nutrient-enriched areas (glades). Similarly, prescribed ﬁ re may enhance forage nutrition of burned patches. Both enriched microhabitats attract wild and domestic LMH and are fertilized by their wastes, but removal of vegetative cover by LMH or ﬁ re may negate the bene ﬁ ts of enhanced nutrition to risk-averse small-mammal species or individuals. We used replicated LMH exclusion experiments on red sandy loam and black-cotton clay soils, and a multi-scale burn experiment on black cotton to examine abundance, diversity, and biomass of small mammals across sites varying in vegetation cover and enrichment. Small-mammal species composition varied dramatically among habitats. Species diversity and density on red sands were roughly double that of black cotton soils. Small-mammal densities and diversity were dramatically greater inside LMH exclosures; maximal densities occurred inside fenced, nutrient-rich, tall-grass glades. Small-mammal density was similar between black-cotton burn sites and unburned matrix habitat but was signi ﬁ cantly greater on unburned than burned patches within the burn sites. Burned patches contained less grassy cover up to 50 months post-burn, although vegetation differences diminished following signi ﬁ cant rains. Mice captured on burned patches traveled farther but were not heavier than mice captured on unburned patches. Small mammals were nearly 20-fold more abundant on totally fenced glades than matrix habitat on both soils and ninefold more abundant on fenced bushland (non-glades) on red sands. Unfenced glades supported intermediate densities in black cotton but lower densities in red sands because of close cropping by LMH. Total small-mammal biomass tended to be greater on red sands (though mean body mass was greater on black cotton for two common species), within exclosures, and on glades. Both the grass rat and pouched mouse reached maximal densities within glade LMH exclosures on both soils. This and the positive association of small-mammal densities with grass height and dead-stem density suggest loss of cover is a primary driver of large-herbivore suppression of certain savanna small mammals. was somewhat greater in bushland. (2006 results only; does not include 2008 partial resampling of one experimental replicate in which three Mastomys spp. were caught in a glade exclosure and one Acomys sp. was caught in a bushland exclosure).
The effect of perceived service quality, satisfaction and loyalty on perceived job performance: perceptions of university graduates

ABSTRACT Studies focusing on the effect of graduates’ perceived service quality, graduates’ satisfaction and loyalty on graduates’ perceived job performance are scarce. Therefore, this study was conducted to narrow this knowledge gap. A cross-sectional survey of 430 university graduates was carried out in Harare, Zimbabwe. Structural equation modelling was used to test the research hypotheses. Results show that graduates’ perceived service quality and loyalty each positively influences graduates’ perceived job performance. It was found that graduates’ satisfaction does not significantly influence graduates’ perceived job performance.
Physiological and Genomic Characterization of a Nitrate-Reducing Fe(II)-Oxidizing Bacterium Isolated from Paddy Soil

Abstract In this study, a neutrophilic, heterotrophic bacterium (strain Paddy-2) that is capable of ferrous iron [Fe(II)] oxidation coupled with nitrate (NO3−) reduction (NRFO) under anoxic conditions was isolated from paddy soil. The molecular identification by 16S rRNA gene sequencing identified the strain as Cupriavidus metallidurans. Strain Paddy-2 reduced 97.7% of NO3−and oxidized 89.7% of Fe(II) over 6 days with initial NaNO3 and FeCl2 concentrations of 9.37 mM and 4.72 mM, respectively. Acetate (5 mM) was also supplied as a carbon source and an alternative electron donor. A poorly crystalline Fe(III) mineral was the main component observed after 15 days of growth in culture, whereas lepidocrocite was detected in the X-ray diffraction spectrum after 3 months of culture. The homologous genes in electron transfer during Fe(II) oxidation (cyc1, cymA, FoxY, FoxZ, and mtoD) were also identified in the genomes of strain Paddy-2 and other reported NRFO bacteria. These genes encoding c-Cyts may play a role in electron transfer during the process of NRFO. These results provide evidence for the potential of NO3− to affect Fe(II) oxidation and biomineralization in bacterium from anoxic paddy soil.
State Anxiety and Low-Frequency Heart Rate Variability in High-Level Amateur Golfers While Putting under Pressure

The present study investigated the relationship between psychophysiological state and clutch or choking performance during golf putting under pressure. Ten males and 13 females who were high-level competitive amateur golfers performed 25 putts under control and pressure conditions. State-Trait Anxiety Inventory-Y1 (STAI-Y1), heart rate variability (HRV), and putting scores were measured. Participants whose performance improved under the pressure condition compared to the control condition were defined as clutch performers and all others were defined as choking performers. Change ratios between the pressure and control condi tions for each variable were calculated and compared between clutch and choking performers. There was a significant difference in the change ratio of the low frequency (LF) component of HRV such that LF HRV decreased under the pressure condition compared with the control condition only in choking performers. Thus, LF HRV may be associated with improved fine motor control, such as golf putting, under pressure circumstances.
Design of Low Power Half Select Free 10T Static Random-Access Memory Cell

This paper presents a circuit-level technique of designing a low power and half select free 10T Static Random-Access Memory Cell (SRAM). The proposed cell works with single end read operation and differential write operation. The proposed bit-cell is free from half select issue and supports bit interleaving format. The presented 10T cell exhibits 40.75% lower read power consumption in comparison to conventional 6T SRAM cell, attributed to reduction of activity factor during read operation. The loop cutting transistors used in core latch improve write signal-to-noise margin (WSNM) by 14.94% and read decoupled structure improve read signal-to-noise margin (RSNM) by [Formula: see text] as compared to conventional 6T SRAM. In the proposed work, variability analysis of significant design parameters such as read current, stand-by SNM, and read power of the projected 10T SRAM cell is presented and compared with considered topologies. Mean value of hold static noise margin of the cell for 3000 samples is [Formula: see text] times higher than the considered D2p11T cell. The proposed 10T cell shows [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] narrower read access time and write access time, respectively, as compared to conventional 6T SRAM cell. Read current to bit-line leakage current ratio of the proposed 10T cell has been investigated and is improved by [Formula: see text] as compared to conventional 6T SRAM cell. The write power delay product and read power delay product of the proposed 10T cell are [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] lower than conventional 6T SRAM cell. In this work, cadence virtuoso tool with Generic Process Design Kit (GPDK) 45[Formula: see text]nm technology file has been utilized to carry out simulations.