Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Hybrid Particle Swarm Optimization and Pegasos Algorithm for Spam Email Detection

: Email is one of the most popular communication tools for most internet users nowadays. It has become fast and an effective method to share and exchange information all over the world. Despite the great advantages of emails, its usage is facing problem which is spam emails. Spam emails are the huge presence of bulk and unsolicited emails which are expensive for the companies, consume a huge amount of mail servers, network bandwidth and waste of time. Isolating and detecting these emails is known as spam detection. Many spam detection methods have been proposed but there is still need to detect the email spam effectively with high accuracy. In this paper, hybrid particle swarm optimization and Pegasos algorithm, which is called (PSO-Pegasos) is proposed for spam email detection. Particle swarm optimization is employed as a search strategy to determine the optimal parameters for Pegasos algorithm in order to achieve higher performance. The proposed algorithm has been applied on spambase dataset downloaded from UCI Machine Learning Repository. Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed algorithm outperforms the performance of all the earlier proposed algorithms, considering the accuracy, recall, precision and F-measure on the same dataset.
Characterization of Honey Produced by Apis cerana indica, Reared in the College Campus, Coimbatore, Tamilnadu, India

The composition of honey depends mainly on climatic and environmental conditions and the diversity of the plants from which they are harvested. Due to its unique taste, nutritional value and health promoting properties, honey has a valued place in the human diet. The physicochemical, biochemical and antibacterial properties of Indian honey samples with special reference to their non-conformity was evaluated. The results revealed that no honey samples showed near to ideal characteristics of Bureau of Indian Standards (BIS). Honey samples were collected from the bee boxes of Nirmala College for Women, Coimbatore, India. The collected samples were stored at ambient temperature until analysed. A commercially available Patanjali honey was obtained from local market of Wayanad, Kerala, India for comparison. The physical and biochemical parameters of the apiary honey were much lower than the market honey. The Apiary honey showed zone of inhibitions against microbes whereas anti-microbial activity was absent in the market honey. The hydrogen peroxide scavenging assay and the 2,2'-azino-bis 3ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid (ABTS) radical scavenging assay was high in the apiary honey. The study concludes that the values obtained for all physical and biochemical parameters were within the range recommended by Codex Alimentarius Commission.
Comparing classic time series models and the LSTM recurrent neural network: An application to S&P 500 stocks

In the financial literature, there is great interest in the prediction of stock prices. Stock prediction is necessary for the creation of different investment strategies, both speculative and hedging ones. The application of neural networks has involved a change in the creation of predictive models. In this paper, we analyze the capacity of recurrent neural networks, in particular the long short-term recurrent neural network (LSTM) as opposed to classic time series models such as the Exponential Smooth Time Series (ETS) and the Arima model (ARIMA). These models have been estimated for 284 stocks from the S&P 500 stock market index, comparing the MAE obtained from their predictions. The results obtained confirm a significant reduction in prediction errors when LSTM is applied. These results are consistent with other similar studies applied to stocks included in other stock market indices, as well as other financial assets such as exchange rates.
Frequency and Sociodemographic Characteristics of Urinary Incontinence in Patients Over 65 Years of Age in Rural of Turkey

Aim: The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of urinary incontinence in patients over 65 years of age and to investigate its relationship with sociodemographic characteristics. Methods: This study is a cross-sectional descriptive study performed using a face to face survey and conducted between the dates of May 1st, 2019 and August 1st, 2019 in patients aged 65 and above and who applied to Gemerek State Hospital Family Medicine Outpatient Clinics. Following a literature search, the questionnaire developed by the investigators was applied. Results: The prevalence of UI was 28.5%. Among those, 43.8% alone had not presented to any physician with this complaint. Among the patients with UI who refrained to tell this complaint to their physicians, 76% considered this condition as a natural consequence of ageing, 17.4% were shy to get examined and 6.6% told that they had no discomfort to have a UI. Among the patients, 72.9% (n=269) were never asked by a physician or a nurse whether they had experienced UI. Conclusions: The symptoms of urinary incontinence are generally considered as a reflection of ageing or patients are shy to express this complaint. In addition, the rate of questioning about urinary incontinence by the physicians or nurses seems to be very low. Keywords: geriatrics, urinary incontinence, aging
Distress and Quality of Life among Type II Diabetic Patients: Role of physical activity

This study measures the distress and Quality of Life (QoL) among people with type II diabetes in relation to physical exercise. The study was conducted using diabetic participants chosen from various hospitals, aerobic centres, playgrounds, and gyms in India. The participants were divided into two groups – group 1 comprising people who did not adopt physical activity as part of their diabetes management strategy and group 2 comprising people who engaged in physical activity. A non-equivalent control group design study was performed on both groups employing purposive sampling methods. Pearson r showed that distress is negatively correlated with QoL among type II diabetics in both groups. Independent ttest indicated that participants in group 2 showed better QoL and lower levels of distress compared to their counterparts in group 1.
PENERAPAN METODE FTSW (Fraction to Transpirable Soil Water) DALAM

toleran kekeringan yang efektif dan lebih cepat, pemulia tertarik untuk mengembangkan seleksi berbasis sifat morfologi, fisiologi dan biokimia (Barcelos, et al., 2015 ; Rival, 2017). Respons tanaman yang dipicu oleh cekaman kekeringan seperti perubahan fotosintesis, konduktansi stomata dan pewarnaan klorofil dianggap sebagai penanda efektif untuk pengamatan cepat pada tanaman (Zaher-Ara, Boroomand, & Sadat-Hosseini, 2016; (Duangpan, Buapet, Sujitto, & Eksomtramage, 2018). Defisit air menyebabkan penutupan stomata, penurunan kadar air dan reaksi fisiologi yang tidak dapat balik, penurunan tingkat fotosintesis, pertumbuhan terhambat serta penurunan produksi tandan dan minyak kelapa sawit (Rivera, Cuenca, & Romero, 2016; Jazayeri, Rivera, Camperos-Reyes, & Romero, 2015). Beberapa penelitian telah dilakukan dalam rangka mempelajari metode seleksi sifat toleran kelapa sawit sejak dini, diantaranya penelitian Wagino, Tarigan, & Febrianto (2018) menggunakan bahan tanam DyxP Dumpy, Duangpan et al. (2018) menggunakan progeni hasil persilangan Dura Deli dengan Pisifera Avros, Mendez, Chacon, Bayona, & Romero (2012) menguj i ketahanan hibr ida interspesifik Elaeis guineensis x Elaeis oleifera dan PENDAHULUAN
How Pretreatment Affect the Dormancy, Germination and Seedling Growth of Caper (Capparis Spinosa L.) Populations

In order to investigate the effects of pretreatments on dormancy and seedling germination of two caper populations, a laboratory experiment was conducted (2019-2020) in Islamic Azad University (Isfahan Branch). The study was performed as a split factorial experiment in a completely randomized design. Main plot consisted of different leaching levels (soaking in distilled water for 0, 6, 12, 18 and 24 hours) and subplots included factorial of two seed populationes (Najafabad, Izeh) and nine levels of hormone or chemical treatments (gibberellic acid (100 mg/l), benzyl adenine 6 (10 -5 M), kinetin (10 -5 M), gibberellic acid+ benzyl adenine, Gibberellic acid+ kinetin, benzyl adenine+ kinetin, gibberellic acid+ benzyl adenine+ kinetin, potassium nitrate 0.4%, distilled water as control). According to the results, 18 hours leaching of Najafabad population plus gibberellic acid +kinetin and 24 hours leaching of Najafabad population with benzyl adenine showed the highest germination uniformity. The highest germination percentage was observed in 24 hour leaching of Izeh population plus gibberellic acid+ benzyl adenine+ kinetin and also 24-hour leaching of Izeh population plus gibberellic acid+ benzyl adenine. 12 hours leaching of Izeh population plus gibberellic acid+ benzyl adenine+ kinetin showed the highest germination time and seed vigor index. The highest germination rate was belonging to Najafabad population without leaching plus kinetin and also 6 hours plus kinetin. On the whole, 18 and 24 hours of leaching plus gibberellic acid and kinetin alone or in combination seem to be suitable to break the seed dormancy.
DEVELOPING A TECHNOLOGY ACCEPTANCE MODEL FOR THE MOBILE BANKING ADOPTION IN PAKISTAN

The Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) is a simplistic information system. The improved features of new technology strongly impact the consumer's use of it. The objective of the research was to develop TAM for online banking in Pakistan. This research was the primary research wherein data was collected from five hundred respondents which were students of universities of private and government sector (Islamabad/ Rawalpindi cities) through questionnaires. Correlation and regression tests were conducted via SPSS software; correlation analysis showed that a significant positive relationship exists without ethics among all the factors. In regression analysis value of R2 = 0.621 it indicates that every independent variable has 62% impact on dependent variable, model has capability to predict future results of research. The research result suggested that ethics and ethical values are the main hurdles in adoption of the mobile banking in Pakistan. The research findings will help the business managers and related organizations to reconstruct their business strategies in order to capture and retain the maximum potential customers.
The Effect of Cash Holding, Firm Size, and Financial Leverage to Earning Management in State-Owned Enterprises (SOEs)

This research was conducted to determine the simultaneous and partial influence between cash holding, firm size, and financial leverage on earnings management in SOEs Companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange during 2012-2018. The method in this study used a quantitative method. This research uses descriptive research with case study research type. The sampling technique in this study used a purposive sampling technique by obtaining 12 sample companies with a period of 7 years to obtain 84 sample units. This research used a logistic regression analysis method using SPSS 25.0 software. The results of this study indicate that cash holding variables, firm size, and financial leverage simultaneously have a significant effect on earnings management. While partially, cash holding variables, firm size, and financial leverage do not affect earnings management.
A Comprehensive Review of Molecular Biology and Genetics of Cataract

Cataract is one of the oldest diseases. Even in the 21st century, the disease is often neglected and treated as an insignificant threat. Although the facts and figures account for the opposite, it is found that globally cataract holds for more than 50% of blindness. Cataract is also one of the first five immediate focus areas of a global Initiative called 'Vision 2020', which intends to eradicate preventable blindness by 2020. The disease is termed as multifactorial; has various extrinsic environmental and intrinsic cell biology factors determining its progress. Over the years, enormous progress has been made towards cataract including the identification of its risk factors. Yet the current scientific knowledge is far from developing a proven preventive or pharmacological strategy for it. The surgical method has been the only way to cure cataract by far. In this paper, we tried to give a comprehensive bird eye view for the disease; we have (a) reviewed briefly the recent progress in delineating the molecular biology and risk factors of cataract (b) delved into genetics of the cataract and overviewed crucial gene families related to the disease identified through single-gene mutations and Genome-Wide Association Studies (GWAS). KeywordsCataract, Extrinsic environmental factors, Gene families, GWAS, Intrinsic cell biology factors, Pharmacological strategy.
The Effect of an Acute Sedentary Behaviour Reducing Intervention on Subjective Well-Being among University Students: A Pilot Randomized Trial

Background: The effect of sedentary behaviour (SB) on subjective well-being (SWB), particularly through a SB-reducing intervention largely remains unknown. This pilot trial examined whether an acute intervention designed to reduce SB would enhance SWB in a sample of university students. Methods: A three-week (i.e., baseline, intervention, follow-up) randomized controlled pilot trial was conducted. Thirty-two sedentary university students were randomized to an acute behavioural counseling intervention (n = 17) or control group (n = 15). Behavioural counseling grounded in the health action process approach aimed at reducing daily SB for 1 week. Device-measured outcomes (i.e., steps, standing, sitting, sit-to-stand transitions), self-reported SBs (i.e., self-compared, domain-specific), and SWB measures (i.e., affect, life satisfaction, subjective vitality, overall SWB) were assessed weekly. Results: Repeated-measures ANOVAs revealed non-significant medium-to-large effects for self-reported SBs (i.e., 0.116 ≤ ηp2 ≤ 0.253), device-measured standing time (i.e., ηp2 = 0.161), and life satisfaction and overall SWB (i.e., 0.141 ≤ ηp2 ≤ 0.178) favouring the treatment group over the control group. Conclusions: Overall, this acute intervention was ineffective in reducing SB among university students. Comparatived to previous acute SB-inducing interventions, results suggest that SB-reducing interventions may require more robust treatment application than the current pilot study. Strategies such as prompts/cues, repeated intervention delivery, and longer intervention periods are recommended. Strategies that promote larger non-convenient sampling (e.g., longer recruitment periods) also are recommended. Taken together, these strategies will increase treatment effects and statistical power of subsequent intervention trials.
Effect of water salinity on enzymatic and hormonal indices of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) fingerlings

Salinity is one of the stressful environmental factors which affects life, metabolism, and distribution of aquatic animals. In this study, the effects of different levels of water salinity were investigated on serum biochemical parameters in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) fingerlings. For this, the fish (5.53±0.057 g) were exposed to 0, 5, 13, 20 or 30 ppt water salinities for 60 days; then blood samples were taken from all treatments for hormonal and enzymatic studies. All fish died at 30 ppt water salinity, during adaptation. The results showed that there was a tendency to triiodothyronine (T3) elevation along with water salinity levels, although the changes were not statistically significant (P >0.05). Increase in water salinity significantly increased serum thyroxine (T4), cortisol, alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and protease levels. Among the water salinities, 20 ppt led to a significant elevation in serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT) activity. There was no significant difference in serum glucose and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) levels in the fish reared at 5 and 13 ppt salinities; both treatments exhibited lower values compared to the 0 and 20 ppt salinities. Water salinity induced no significant changes in serum lipase activity. The Results indicate that increase in water salinity causes elevation in cortisol and thyroid hormones, which are necessary for energy supply and osmoregulation. Moreover, rainbow trout may face organ damage in saltwater, particularly at 20 ppt.
Value of Initial 18F-FDG PET/CT in Change of Management of Patients with Differentiated Thyroid Cancer as Compared to Post Ablative Whole Body Iodine Scan.

Differentiated thyroid cancers (DTC) are generally malignant endocrine tumors with good prognosis. 50-68% of patients with DTC's have local or regional recurrences depending on the patient's risk factors. The aim of the work: was to assess the rule of initial PET/CT in patients with DTC, evaluate the PET/CT as compared to post ablative WBS in DTC. The study included 124 patients with essentially pathologically proven differentiated cancer thyroid patients who had undergone or near total thyroidectomy and was eligible for RAI ablative dose. Pathological details, TG levels and post ablative I-131 WBS results were also reviewed and compared to PET/CT results. A short follow up period ranged from 4-6 months was used as a reference to validate the results of the current study. Results: we found the majority were females (74.2%), The mean age was 42 years old, papillary thyroid cancer was the dominant type in (83.1 %). (55.6%) was of low risk according to ATA Risk stratification and of stage I, Serum TG levels varied widely from 0.04-13564 with a median value of 8.28 ng/ml. 38 patients out of 124 (30.6%) showed positive FDG uptake in following sites thyroid operative bed, cervical and mediastinal LNs, pulmonary and bone metastases with the majority of pathological FDG uptake being at the loco-regional area in 38 patients. It was observed that PET/CT had positive results in older age groups especially those above 50 years old, patients with elevated serum TG levels with a median value of 40 ng/ml, Hurthle cell type and Intermediate /High risk groups. Therefore, patients with such criteria are more likely to benefit from initial PET/CT prior to their RAI dose. No significant correlation between the metabolic parameters and the avidity of RAI-131 positive findings was found. In 38 patients positive PET/CT results led to re-staging of 12 patients (9.6 %) and changed the management in 30 patients (24.2%). Conclusions: PET/CT changed the management in around 25 % of Differentiated thyroid cancers (DTC) that helped in validating the "Theranostics" concept which aimed at individualized patient management to achieve the best outcome.
El zorro a cargo del gallinero : El control parlamentario sobre la corrupción en Argentina The fox in charge of the chicken coop : Parliamentary control of corruption in Argentina

Esta investigación aborda el control parlamentario sobre la ética pública del gobierno en Argentina como estudio de caso, desde una perspectiva neoinstitucionalista e informacional. En tal sentido, el artículo, en primer lugar, desarrolla algunas nociones teóricas sobre la organización parlamentaria y la función de control a partir de la elaboración de la bibliografía especializada de política comparada. Seguidamente, se analizan las iniciativas de los presidentes argentinos de creación de agencias de control de la corrupción en el ámbito del Poder Ejecutivo (Oficina Nacional de Ética Pública y la Oficina Anticorrupción), como así también la aprobación de la primera ley nacional de ética de gobierno que creó la denominada Comisión Nacional de Ética Pública (CNEP) en el ámbito del Congreso Nacional. Los datos empíricos de esta investigación comprenden el período que va desde la elección a la presidencia de Carlos Menem en 1989, hasta 2013, año de la última modificación relevante de la ley de ética de gobierno, que disolvió la CNEP. Este artículo concluye confirmando que los presidentes argentinos (en calidad de titulares del Poder Ejecutivo) no solo son quienes fijan las reglas de control en materia de corrupción, creando y designando las autoridades de esas agencias, sino que además eluden el control parlamentario promoviendo modificaciones a la actual legislación nacional en materia de ética del gobierno.
The High Prevalence of Malnutrition in the Cancer Patients Admitted to Omid Hospital in Mashhad, Iran Based on the PG-SGA Questionnaire (2020)

Introduction: Cancer is a major health concern and the third leading cause of death in Iran. The prevention and management of malnutrition are recognized as the inherent elements of cancer care. The present study aimed to assess the prevalence of malnutrition and the influential factors in the cancer patients admitted to Omid Hospital affiliated to Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Iran in 2020. Methods: Malnutrition was detected using the patient generated-subjective global assessment (PG-SGA) in 113 cancer patients, who were selected from the Cancer Research Center of Omid Hospital. Data analysis was performed in SPSS version 16. Results: The PG-SGA scores indicated the moderate and severe prevalence of malnutrition in 3.6% and 96.4% of the cancer patients, respectively. No significant correlation was observed between the type of cancer and malnutrition due to the limited data of the patients receiving proper nutrition. However, significant correlations were denoted between the type of cancer, weight loss within the past six months, and education level of the patients (P<0.05). Xerostomia and anorexia were the most common dietary intake-related complaints in the cancer patients. Conclusion: According to the results, the prevalence of malnutrition was extremely high in the cancer patients receiving active treatment across all the treatment settings based on the PG-SGA scores. Furthermore, anorexia was the most common cause of decreased food intake by the patients.
Proximal Resection of the Fibula in the Treatment of Proximal Fibular Chondrosarcoma

Introduction: Chondrosarcoma includes several anatomoclinical forms of tumors with cartilaginous histogenesis.It is a malignant tumor whose tumor cells are associated with a cartilage matrix.Case report: We present the case of a patient with stage 1 chondrosarcoma of the proximal part of the left fibula.The patient underwent a proximal fibula resection with a favorable outcome.Conclusion: Resection of tumors of the proximal fibula may cause knee instability, peroneal palsy through involvement of the external popliteal sciatic nerve or with local radiotherapy, a higher risk of delayed healing and the occurrence of fracture. Despite the risks of resection of the proximal fibula, good functional results can be obtained.