Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The physical mechanisms of step emulsification

We revisit the physical balance that takes place when an interface between two immiscible fluids reaches a step change in the height of a microchannel. This situation leads to the production of droplets in a process known as ‘step emulsification’. However, the mechanism that is responsible for the drop breakup and that determines its size has not been explained in simple terms. We propose a geometric model for drop breakup based on a quasi-static balance between the curvature of the thread inside the inlet channel and the curvature of the “bulb” downstream of the step. We find that the confinement limits the lowest values of curvature that can be adopted by the thread. In contrast, the bulb curvature decreases as its size increases, which leads to a critical bulb radius beyond which the two regions cannot be in static equilibrium. This leads to a flow which breaks the bulb into a droplet. The critical bulb radius predicted by the geometric analysis is in good agreement with experimental measurements for different step and inlet channel geometries. The radius of the drop that detaches is therefore bounded from below by this value and increases slowly with the dispersed phase flow rate.
Bifunctional silica-coated superparamagnetic FePt nanoparticles for fluorescence/MR dual imaging

Recently, superparamagnetic chemically disordered face-centered cubic (fcc) FePt nanoparticles have been demonstrated as superior negative contrast agents for magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). However, their low intracellular labeling efficiency has limited the potential usage and the nanotoxicity of the particles requires attention. We have developed fluorescein isothiocyanate-incorporated silica-coated FePt ([email protected]2-FITC) nanoparticles that exhibited not only a significant T1 and T2 MR contrast abilities but also a fluorescent property without significant cytotoxicities. These results suggest that silica-coated superparamagnetic FePt nanoparticles are potential nanodevices for the combination of fluorescence and MRI contrast used for cancer diagnosis.
Learning in a social context to develop reflective practitioners

Organisations that use project managers to deliver strategy rely on their skills learnt through formalised education, exposure to professional organisations and on-the-job experiences. To deliver the required outcomes, the project manager draws on this knowledge to manage the project through various stages to completion. Taking time to embed knowledge learnt from delivering a project is often overlooked in the race to complete the project. An example of a social learning situation will be explored to provide a framework for project managers to become proficient performers through reflection-in-action. The learning situation is based on a post graduate project management subject at an Australian university where students are exposed to multi-faceted social contexts. The aim of this approach is for the students to develop problem solving skills that can be transferred to the workplace through reflective self-directed learning. Underpinning this example is a UK research study undertaken in 2006, referred to as the ‘Re-thinking Project Management’ study. This study identified the concerns of project management practitioners and how they need to develop from trained to reflective practitioners. To develop into reflective practitioners the impact of the social learning environment will be investigated using an actual educational setting and a review of the supporting literature. A description of the essentials of reflective practice will be explored through the work of Schon and earlier by Dewey. These essentials include a common language, systems to manage problems, sense-making theories and roles that describe tasks.
New species of prunoid radiolarians from the Antarctic Neogene

Radiolarians with ‘prunoid’ morphologies (here defined as spumellarians with distinct external, generally ellipsoidal shells, usually bearing a pylome and having a lithelid, pylonid or spongy internal structure) are very common in polar Neogene sediments. Use of these taxa would improve resolution in Antarctic Neogene biostratigraphic and palaeoceanographic studies significantly, but the taxonomy of prunoids is poorly known. This paper reviews the existing literature of generic names commonly used for prunoids, mostly dating from the nineteenth century. With the exception of Larcopyle Dreyer 1889, these names are either assigned to other, non-prunoid groups or are considered to be nomina dubia. Fourteen species, subspecies or varieties – most of them new – of Larcopyle from Antarctic Neogene sediments are described, illustrated with full plates and stratigraphic range data are provided: L. augusti n. sp. , L. buetschlii Dreyer, 1889, L. eccentricum n. sp. , L. hayesi Chen, 1975 hayesi n. variety, L. h. irregularis n. variety, L. labryinthusa n. sp. , L. nebulum n. sp. , L. peregrinator n. sp. , L. polyacantha (Campbell & Clark 1944) n. comb. polyacantha n. subsp. , L. p. titan n. subsp. , L. p. amplissima n. subsp. , L. titan (Campbell & Clark, 1944) n. comb. , L. pylomaticus (Riedel, 1958) n. comb. and L. weddellium n. sp.
A Review of Drag Reduction in a Turbulent Flow using Polymers

On dissolving small amount of high molecular weight polymers in water results in significant drop in pressure across the pipe. Drag reduction rate increases significantly with increase in the flow rate of polymer solution. The specific energy required to maintain turbulent flow of the polymer solution can be significantly less than that compared to solvent alone. This aim of this review is to compile all the published work on drag reduction by Drag Reducing Polymers. Although this phenomenon was first discovered in 1949, but mechanism responsible for drag reduction still remains contradictory. Many researchers have given this individual perceptions from their respective experimental study and numerical analysis. So there is an absolute need to understand this mechanism due to its wide range of practical applications and feasibility. Keywords— Drag Reduction; Polymer; Turbulent Flow.
Novel bonding method of low temperature cofired ceramic tapes

The lamination determines quality and geometry of the fabricated ceramic microsystems. The thermo-compression method is commonly used. In this technique the Low Temperature Co-Fired Ceramics (LTCC) tapes are joined together at high pressure and temperature. Cold Chemical Lamination (CCL) is presented in the paper. It is a solvent-base method used for green ceramic tape bonding. The tapes are covered by film of the special liquid. Then the ceramics are put in a stack and laminated at low pressure below 0.5 MPa. The lamination quality is investigated. The cross-section of the close chambers is examined by optical and Scanning Electron Microscopy. The solvent influences the basic electrical properties of the thermistors composition (ESL NTC-2114), sheet resistance at a room temperature, R=f(T) dependence, B constant and a long term stability is analysed. The lead free ESL 41020 tape is used during the experiment. The thermistor composition is screen printed on the LTCC substrate. The R=f(T) dependence is measured by the Agilent 34970A data acquisition unit. Long-term stability is investigated by annealing at 150°C for 200 h.
The value of relationships in a transactional labour market: constructing a market for temporary employment

markdownabstractIntroduction In recent decades, the concept of ‘normal’ employment has been challenged. For example, Beck and Beck-Gernsheim (2003) argue that the global, social and political landscape was characterised by an ‘epochal’ shift during the last decades of the 20th Century, echoing theorists from a wide range of political and intellectual persuasions (Paradeise 2003; Gorz 1999; Granovetter 1998; Rifkin 1996; Handy 1995; Harvey 1990). All of these scholars have pointed to increasing individualization and changing expectations about contractual specifi cations of rights and obligations in all areas of private and public life (Sennett 1998; Gellner 1997; Lyotard 1984). Kallinikos (2003: 595) described these trends as increasingly eroding work communities where ‘modern humans are involved in organizations qua roles, rather than qua persons’. In employment studies, this has led to a focus upon workforce, labour market and employment flexibility. It has generated extensive debates on, successively, the extent – and costs and benefits to employers and workers – of atypical work and contractual arrangements (for example, Barley and Kunda 2004; Rubery et al. 2004; Auer and Cazes 2003; Purcell et al. 1999; Burchell et al. 1999; Atkinson 1985) and – as part of the human resource management and performance debate – HRM architecture and selective labour contracting strategies with specific attention to temporary employment (Boxall and Purcell 2011; Vidal and Tigges, 2009; Koene and van Riemsdijk; 2005; Kalleberg 2003; Lepak and Snell 1999; Pfeffer 1994). Essentially, it has been argued that competitive pressures in the marketplaces for goods and services, allied to changes in technology which have affected production, provision and transferability of goods and services, have led to increased individualisation and (re)commodifi cation of labour, (Esping-Andersen 1990:37) to an extent that represents a tectonic shift from the traditional perspective of employment as preferably permanent and stable.
An Empirical Investigation of Wage Discrimination in Professional Football

Salary discrimination is a phenomenon that arises from ineffective behaviour of economic subjects. Even though its presence is incompatible with the theory of profit maximization, salary inequality still persists in the human society. Nevertheless, the investigation of this topic has been largely unheeded in the environment of professional football. In our empirical research, we use the most recent data to investigate the salary gap between white, African American and Hispanic players in the American Major League Soccer. Besides ordinary least squares method that focuses on the impact of ethnicity for the average player, we adopted the method of quantile regression to reveal wage gap between players with below-average pays. Observing each player’s performance for 3 seasons, we uncovered salary discrimination against African Americans and Hispanics in the lowest decile of the salary distribution that amounts to 18.9% and 15.3%, respectively. Furthermore, we utilized the difference-in-differences (DID) estimator to find no effect of the increasing level of invested money on the wage gap. JEL Classification J30, Z20, Z21, J71 J31 J15
Engaging for Results in Civil Service Reforms: Early Lessons from a Problem-Driven Engagement in Sierra Leone

Two related propositions have been central in the recent debates on public sector reforms. The first of these is that the appropriate measure of institutional strength is the ability of public sector management systems to deliver results (“functionality”) rather than what these institutions look like (“form”). This is a central idea in the World Bank’s Public Sector Management (PSM) Approach (World Bank 2012 a). Second, and consistent with this, is the recognition that the process of engagement matters in the sense that how problems, solutions and reform approaches are identified matters at least as much as what the solution is. This suggests that development institutions should focus on bringing a broad range of stakeholders together and facilitate a process of collective problem and solution identification. Other recent contributions to the literature (Andrews et al 2012) describe a “Problem-Driven Iterative Adaptation” (PDIA) approach as a means of putting this idea into practice. While both of these propositions have considerable intellectual and intuitive appeal, they are based on an inductive logic and neither is currently backed with a robust body of evidence. This paper contributes to this literature by documenting the experience of a civil service reform project - the World Bank-financed Sierra Leone Pay and Performance Project - the objective of which is to improve the performance of the civil service in Sierra Leone by targeting a narrowly defined set of critical reforms. The engagement process and project design draw on key elements of the guidance offered by the World Bank’s PSM Approach and PDIA The paper concludes that intensive, client-led engagement together with a use of a financing instrument that focuses on results provides a promising way forward on a difficult reform agenda.
Lead concentrations in soils and plants of two altitudinal transects in the Eastern Kyrgyz Tian Shan mountains – a preliminary study

Two altitudinal transects of soil and plant samples from the Kyrgyz Tian-Shan mountains were analysed to determine lead contamination. The first transect (Ak-Sai) is located in the Ala-Archa National Park and the second transect (Arashan) is situated in the Issyk-Kul Province. Both the total and the extractable lead concentrations were determined in the soil samples. The lead content was also measured separately in shoots and roots of grass species and in moss tissues as well. Higher values of total soil lead content were found in Arashan which could be attributed to the geological composition of the bedrock, whereas in Ak-Sai, higher amounts of potencially mobile lead forms in the soil were found. Lead concentrations in the shoots of grasses were generally lower than in the root systems. Relatively high amounts of lead were found in mosses, probably reflecting the atmospheric lead pollution. Principal component analysis revealed correlations between altitude and lead concentrations in soil samples, in grass and moss tissues.
THE IMPORTANCE OF ENTREPRENEURSHIP, OPPORTUNITY, AND GOVERNANCE FOR LATIN AMERICA: PROSPERITY INDEX TRENDS BETWEEN 2009 AND 2014

The Latin American and Caribbean region has witnessed noticeable economic growth over the last decade. How some countries in the region have resisted the financial crisis by continuing to grow has also not gone unnoticed by the international community. Whether said development and growth can keep its pace or not, however, remains the big question. This paper addresses this issue using a multidimensional approach that provides a broader picture of the current situation in Latin America. Using the rich data included in the Legatum Prosperity Index, an index that measures prosperity as a combination of wealth and wellbeing across 142 countries, this paper analyses how entrepreneurship, opportunity, and good governance are key elements to promote prosperity. In particular, this paper discusses how the enhancement of entrepreneurial activities, backed up by improvement in technological infrastructure, can only produce lasting, positive results in Latin America if inequality of opportunity is reduced, and good governance – an area showing acute problems in the region – is promoted.
Effects of coconut oil on body weight and iiaemoriieoiogy in rabbits

The dietary effects of Cocos nucifera oil meal on the body weight and haemorheological properties of blood of rabbits were assessed using weight difference (WD), relative whole blood viscosity (RWBV) and relative plasma viscosity (RPV) indices. Fifteen out of twenty young and healthy white rabbits were fed with Cocos nucifera oil meal supplement together with normal animal feeds and water for eight weeks daily with a 0.5 ml/Kg body weight. Baseline blood samples were collected from the animals before feeding them with the coconut extract. Thereafter blood samples were collected from each of the animals in the 1", 4"" and 8"" weeks and analyzed for RWBV and RPV by Viscometer Method. The body weight was measured gravimetrically Results obtained showed a significant weight loss as well as reduced RWBV and RPV compared with the baseline data. The observed results indicated that obesity/related cardiovascular diseases can be controlled and microcirculatory blood flow properties in Rabbits improved using coconut oil meal as food supplement
Two-Sided Competition and Differentiation (with an Application to Media)

We model a duopoly in which two-sided platforms compete on both sides of a two-sided market. Platforms (or intermediaries) select the quality they offer consumers, and the prices they charge to consumers and firms. In this model, non-trivial competition on both sides induces non-quasiconcave payoffs in one subgame. All equilibria are characterized. Under well-defined conditions, the unique equilibrium in pure strategies can be computed. Prices entail a discount on one side, a premium on the other one and the quality offered to consumers is distorted downward. When the pure-strategy equilibrium fails to exist, a mixed-strategy equilibrium is shown to always exist and the distributions are characterized. In this case, the market may be preempted ex post. The model may find applications in the media, internet trading platforms, the software industry or even the health care industry (HMO/PPO).
The transmission of the charism of Marcellin Champagnat by principals in Marist schools

Members of religious orders in Australia face generally declining numbers and aging membership. Some, both within the orders and among their lay partners, have recognised the desirability of transmitting the charisms beyond the members of the order, if those charisms are to continue to inform the vision and culture of the enterprise. The Marist Brothers are no exception. Education is their main focus and the schools that they have established have been recognised as having a particular 'flavour' to them. The Marist way of educating has identifiable characteristics, inspired by the charism of the founder, Marcellin Champagnat. The success of the Marist style of education can be seen in the strong support for the schools. There is a clear desire among many, both religious and lay, to nurture and carry on conducting schools in the Marist way. As more lay people assume responsibility for these schools, it has been acknowledged that attention needs to be formally given to the ways in which the charism can continue to be transmitted. This study has examined the ways in which selected principals in Marist schools have influenced the transmission of the charism within their schools. Through the use of the case study methodology, it has documented actions that have been identified as conducive to passing on the charism to the school community. It has observed that certain characteristics of leadership style are more likely to positively influence the transmission of charism. The study has also identified some factors that may work against such a cause. As a result of the study, certain recommendations have been made which may assist in the process of ensuring that the charism of Marcellin Champagnat continues to flourish in those schools founded in his name. 'We are not the makers of the fire, we are the carriers of the fire for the tribe which does not know 110W to make it. 1
Telomerase as a tumor marker in hepatocellular carcinoma

This study was conducted on 25 healthy controls, 25 cirrhotic patients and 30 patients with HCC. All patients had been diagnosed with HCVassociated chronic liver disease.Methods: SerumPIVKA-II andAFPwere measured by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), while telomerase activity in peripheral blood was estimated by polymerase chain reaction- enzyme- linked immunosorbent assay (PCR- ELISA method). Results: Mean telomerase activity, PIVKA-II and AFP levels were significantly higher in HCC patients as compared to both cirrhotic patients and controls, also a significant elevation in cirrhotic patients were found as compared to controls. Positive correlation was found between telomerase activity and size of hepatic focal lesions. Also, a positive correlation was found between both telomerase activity and PIVIKA-II and between the pathological grades of HCC. In HCC the sensitivity/ specificity (88.2/79.6) of telomerase activity was much higher than both PIVIKA-II (80.5/69.3) andAFP (72.6/61.5). Conclusion: The usefulness of telomerase activity assay in HCC diagnosis and itÂÂs superiority to other tumor marker were recorded. Therefore, telomerase activity is a novel, available detector and prognostic marker for HCC diagnosis.
Discriminative Learning of Conditional Random Fields Applied to the Classification of Urban Settlement Types

Dieser Artikel zeigt die ersten Experiments zur Klassifikation von Urban Structure Types (USTs) unter Verwendung von hochaufgelosten, satellitebasierten InSAR Daten und Conditional Random Fields (CRFs). Es wurde eine Prozedur entwicklet um die Parameter des CRFs diskriminativ zu lernen und zu testen. Die Klassifikation dieses Modells sowie zwei weiterer Verfahren werden mittels einer handsegmentierten Karte verglichen. Obwohl das Lernenverfahren konvergiert hat, sind die Genauigkeiten der Klassificationergebnisse nicht zufriedenstellend. Methoden zur Verbesserung der Genauigkeit werden aufgezeigt und sollen in Zukunft bewertet werden.
On the Design of Self-Organizing Ad Hoc Networks

Mobile Ad hoc Networks (MANETs) (Haas et al., 1999) are an important subject for research as mobile devices (laptops, PDAs, cell phones), wireless networks and applications became widespread during the last decade. For instance, specialized ad hoc networks such as the Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) (Pottie & Kaiser, 2000; Akyildiz et al., 2002) and the Vehicular Ad hoc Networks (VANETs) (Kosch et al., 2006) are very active research areas. A WSN consists of sensor nodes connected among themselves by a wireless medium to perform distributed sensing tasks, and these networks are expected to be used in different applications (Arampatzis et al., 2005) such as environmental and health monitoring, surveillance, and security. A VANET is composed by wireless devices to allow communications among nearby vehicles, or among ABStrAct
Numerical Reproducing of a Bifurcation in the Stress Distribution Obtaining Process in Post-Critical Deformation States of Aircraft Load-Bearing Structures

© 2012 Kopecki, licensee InTech. This is an open access chapter distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Numerical Reproducing of a Bifurcation in the Stress Distribution Obtaining Process in Post-Critical Deformation States of Aircraft Load-Bearing Structures
Determining the Social Responsibility Role of TV Advertising: Pakistani Viewer’s Insights

As media serves many important responsibilities for the society such as social economic, educational, religious, cultural etc. and many people think that media plays a vital role in making democracy work. In alluding to people to purchase items and endeavors is the essential piece of publicizing. To speak to the encroachment of social and social regards in TV advancements and measure its impact on the get-together of individuals, this examination uses two particular educational accumulations. In any case, the data included TV sees which have been released in the midst of the latest five years. These commercials were examined to see the genuine cases and measure the level of encroachment of social and social regards in the advancements. These promotions incite see the substance of encroachment of social and social gauges in our overall population. The second data base is gained through surveys. SPSS was used for systematic evaluation of the data.