Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Dynamic nursing in endoscopy

The advancements in endoscopy has meant that the role of endoscopy nurses has also changed. Endoscopic practice is underpinned by a team approach and endoscopic nurses play a critical role within the team. In this article, Gaius Longcroft-Wheaton and Pradeep Bhandari, |discuss the concept of dynamic nursing and the ways in which a team approach can improve patient care and outcome.
Opa1 deficiency in a mouse model of dominant optic atrophy leads to retinal ganglion cell dendropathy.

The heterozygous mutation B6;C3-Opa1(Q285STOP), which models autosomal dominant optic atrophy, leads to a 50% reduction in Opa1 transcript and protein in the mouse retina and neural tissues and is associated with visual dysfunction and structural changes in the murine retina and optic nerve. In this article we use this model to quantify and evaluate the dendritic morphology of retinal ganglion cells. Retinal ganglion cells in Opa1(+/-) mutant mice (n=16) and accompanying age- and sex-matched controls (n=11) (age ranges of <10, 10-15 and >20 months) were labelled DiOlistically with carbocyanine dyes to quantify changes in dendritic tree architecture as a function of age. We observed localized dendritic reduction to sublamina b of the inner plexiform layer without retinal ganglion cell loss, showing dendritic pruning of on- but not off-centre retinal ganglion cells, and this effect was exacerbated with age. The mean dendritic field area was reduced in on-centre retinal ganglion cells of 10- to 15-month-old mice (-24.24%; C(V) =0.68; P<0.05) and >20-month-old mice (-43.22%; C(V) =0.75; P<0.05) compared with age-matched wild-type controls. Similar changes were seen in average total dendritic length in on-centre retinal ganglion cells of 10- to 15-month-old mice (-31.66%; C(V) =0.67; P<0.05) and >20-month-old mice (-49.55%; C(V) =0.63; P<0.05). Sholl analysis showed a marked difference in the dendritic arborization of on-centre retinal ganglion cells in the 10- to 15-month-old group (area under the curve -21.67%; P>0.05) and of the >20-month-old group (area under the curve -42.12%; P<0.05) compared with the control group. There was no detectable change in dendritic morphology in <10-month-old Opa1(+/-) mutant mice compared with wild-type (P>0.05). No significant changes (P>0.05) were seen in off-centre retinal ganglion cells. Finally, there was also no significant change (P>0.05) in the retinal ganglion cell count across all age groups. In conclusion, we show dendritic pruning in on-centre retinal ganglion cells of the Opa1(+/-) mouse model of autosomal dominant optic atrophy from as early as 10 months of age. These results highlight the importance of normal mitochondrial fusion balance, as influenced by the OPA1 protein in maintaining the dendritic morphology of retinal ganglion cells. Dendritic pruning precedes the onset of clinical visual loss and structural changes in the optic nerve in the absence of significant cell loss.
Sublingual Immunotherapy for the Treatment of Allergic Rhinoconjunctivitis and Asthma: A Systematic Review

SY Lin, N Erekosima, JM Kim. JAMA. 2013;309(12):1278–1288 This was a systematic review of the clinical efficacy and safety of sublingual immunotherapy (SLIT) delivered via an aqueous solution. This publication was derived from a Comparative Effectiveness Review by the same authors, commissioned by the U.S. Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality. Sixty-three randomized controlled trials (RCTs) involving 5131 participants met the inclusion criteria and were included in this systematic review. Ages ranged from 4 to 74 years. Most of the studies were trials of grass and dust mite SLIT. Also included were trials of tree, ragweed, cat, and Alternaria SLIT. All but one of the trials in this report used a single allergen extract for treatment. All of the included studies were required to …
One-Year Study in Dogs of the Toxicity of HFA-134a by Inhalation

AbstractHFA-134a, a chlorine-free hydrofluoroalkane, was administered for 1 h daily to beagle dogs by means of a system for inhalation by face mask. In this 1-yr study, animals received atmospheric air, air containing an additional 12% nitrogen, or air containing a nominal 12% HFA-134a for 376 or 377 days. HFA-134a was rapidly absorbed into and cleared from the blood. There were no treatment-related clinical signs or effects on body weight, food consumption, ophthalmoscopy, heart function, respiratory rate, pulse rate, haematology, blood biochemistry, urine analysis, or postmortem findings. HFA-134a was considered to be nontoxic and to provide a safe alternative to chlorofluorocarbons for use in pharmaceutical metered-dose inhaler formulations.
Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis in South-East England: A Population-Based Study

Background/Aims: We aimed to estimate the incidence and prevalence of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) in the South East of England. The reported incidence of ALS varies between 0.44 and 3.2 per 100,000 person years. This can partly be explained by differences in design and diagnostic criteria used. There is little population data concerning England, particularly the South East. Methods: A population study of South-East England (total population: 2,890,482) was carried out and multiple sources including our tertiary centre and district general hospitals were used for complete case ascertainment. Results: Between 1 January 2002 and 30 June 2006 we identified 138 people (76 males; 62 females) with a new diagnosis of ALS, giving a crude incidence of 1.06 per 100,000 person years. The projected age- and gender-adjusted annual incidence rate for England and Wales was 1.10 (95% CI 0.80–1.40). 142 people were alive on 30 June 2006, giving a point prevalence of 4.91 per 100,000 population. Conclusion: Our incidence and prevalence rates are similar to those reported in comparable studies from other countries. This argues against the role of a specific exogenous factor in the aetiology of ALS in South-East England.
Incarcerated youth with personality disorders: prevalence, comorbidity and convergent validity.

OBJECTIVE The aims of this study were to examine the prevalence and comorbidities of personality disorders among incarcerated juveniles and to investigate the validity of these results. METHOD A sample of 790 incarcerated youth (650 boys and 140 girls; mean age = 16.8 years) completed an assessment of Axis II diagnoses (Structured Interview for DSM-IV Personality). Subjects also completed secondary questionnaires assessing anger-irritability (Youth Self-Report (YSR)), aggression (YSR), delinquency (Massachusetts Youth Screening Instrument-2), and distress and restraint (Weinberger Adjustment Inventory). RESULTS Personality disorders can be found among incarcerated youth at high rates. Many meet the criteria for more than one personality disorder. Those with personality disorders have significant elevations of anger-irritability, aggression, delinquency, and distress and reduced restraint compared with incarcerated youth without a personality disorder. CONCLUSIONS Results indicate that personality disorders can be found in incarcerated youth at high rates. These findings further our understanding of chronic psychiatric illness and possibly criminal recidivism in this at-risk population. Addition of personality measures in the assessment of delinquents may assist in the development of more effective interventions. Furthermore, the supportive convergent validity of these findings in a population younger than 18 years may indicate a need to reassess the current rationale for the diagnosis of Axis II disorders.
The cerebellum in Parkinson’s disease

Abstract Parkinson’s disease is a chronic progressive neurodegenerative disorder characterized by resting tremor, slowness of movements, rigidity, gait disturbance and postural instability. Most investigations on Parkinson’s disease focused on the basal ganglia, whereas the cerebellum has often been overlooked. However, increasing evidence suggests that the cerebellum may have certain roles in the pathophysiology of Parkinson’s disease. Anatomical studies identified reciprocal connections between the basal ganglia and cerebellum. There are Parkinson’s disease–related pathological changes in the cerebellum. Functional or morphological modulations in the cerebellum were detected related to akinesia/rigidity, tremor, gait disturbance, dyskinesia and some non-motor symptoms. It is likely that the major roles of the cerebellum in Parkinson’s disease include pathological and compensatory effects. Pathological changes in the cerebellum might be induced by dopaminergic degeneration, abnormal drives from the basal ganglia and dopaminergic treatment, and may account for some clinical symptoms in Parkinson’s disease. The compensatory effect may help maintain better motor and non-motor functions. The cerebellum is also a potential target for some parkinsonian symptoms. Our knowledge about the roles of the cerebellum in Parkinson’s disease remains limited, and further attention to the cerebellum is warranted.
CELLULAR DISTRIBUTION OF SULFONYLUREA RECEPTOR 2 mRNA IN THE OVARY AND TESTIS OE RATS

ATP-sensitive Kt channels are composed of sulfonylurea receptor (SUR) and inward rectifier Kt channel subunit Kir6.2. Two subtypes of SUR have been identified: SUR] constitutes the pancreatic ﬂ-cell channel, while a recent Northern blot analysis suggests the broad distribution of SUR2, which is most intensely expressed in the ovary. Cellular distribution of SUR2 mRNA was investigated by use of an in sim hybridization technique in several organs, including the ovary, testis and adrenal gland, of adult rats. Intense and selective expression of SUR2 mRNA was detected in sex hormone-producing cells of the ovary, testis and adrenal gland. In the ovary, intense signals for SUR2 mRNA were found in the theca folliculi (theca interna), corpus luteum, and interstitial gland. Leydig cells and the zona reticularis were selectively labeled in the testis and adrenal gland, respectively. Since mRNA for l(ir6.2 is absent or expressed at very low levels in the reproductive organs and adrenal gland, a novel function for SUR, such as transport of steroids, is suggested in these organs.
Weighted Maximum-Clique Transversal Sets of Graphs

A maximum-clique transversal set of a graph 𝐺 is a subset of vertices intersecting all maximum cliques of 𝐺. The maximum-clique transversal set problem is to find a maximum-clique transversal set of 𝐺 of minimum cardinality. Motivated by the placement of transmitters for cellular telephones, Chang, Kloks, and Lee introduced the concept of maximum-clique transversal sets on graphs in 2001. In this paper, we study the weighted version of the maximum-clique transversal set problem for split graphs, balanced graphs, strongly chordal graph, Helly circular-arc graphs, comparability graphs, distance-hereditary graphs, and graphs of bounded treewidth.
The role of perceived usefulness and attitude on electronic health record acceptance

Information and communications technologies are a significant component of the healthcare domain and electronic health records play a major role within it. As a result, it is important that they are accepted en masse by healthcare professionals. How healthcare professionals perceive the usefulness of electronic health records and their attitudes towards them have been shown to have significant effects on their overall acceptance. This paper investigates the role of perceived usefulness and attitude on the intention to use electronic health records by future healthcare professionals using polynomial regression with response surface analysis. Results show that the relationship is more complex than predicted in prior research. The paper concludes that the predicting properties of the above determinants must be further investigated to clearly understand their role in predicting the intention to use electronic health records and in designing systems that are better adopted by healthcare professionals of the future.
Resuscitation of Stillborn Infant

SIR,-In their interesting report of the successful use of open-chest cardiac massage in a stillborn infant (January 13, p. 91) Drs. R. J. R. Reilly and H. A. H. Melville state that there has been no report of the use of the closed-chest technique in a case of cardiac arrest in the newborn. Since the latter technique has obvious advantages, if it can be shown to be effective, and the pliable chest of the newborn infant seems well suited to its use, we would like briefly to report two recent cases. In each of them the absence of heart sounds on auscultation was confirmed by two independent observers at some stage, and apparently normal cardiac action was restored subsequently.
Collaboration: a health care imperative

Where you can find the collaboration a health care imperative easily? Is it in the book store? On-line book store? are you sure? Keep in mind that you will find the book in this site. This book is very referred for you because it gives not only the experience but also lesson. The lessons are very valuable to serve for you, that's not about who are reading this collaboration a health care imperative book. It is about this book that will give wellness for all people from many societies.
Serological Evidence of Pandemic H1N1 Influenza Virus Infections in Greek Swine

The introduction of the 2009 pandemic H1N1 (pH1N1) influenza virus in pigs changed the epidemiology of influenza A viruses (IAVs) in swine in Europe and the rest of the world. Previously, three IAV subtypes were found in the European pig population: an avian‐like H1N1 and two reassortant H1N2 and H3N2 viruses with human‐origin haemagglutinin (HA) and neuraminidase proteins and internal genes of avian decent. These viruses pose antigenically distinct HAs, which allow the retrospective diagnosis of infection in serological investigations. However, cross‐reactions between the HA of pH1N1 and the HAs of the other circulating H1 IAVs complicate serological diagnosis. The prevalence of IAVs in Greek swine has been poorly investigated. In this study, we examined and compared haemagglutination inhibition (HI) antibody titres against previously established IAVs and pH1N1 in 908 swine sera from 88 herds, collected before and after the 2009 pandemic. While we confirmed the historic presence of the three IAVs established in European swine, we also found that 4% of the pig sera examined after 2009 had HI antibodies only against the pH1N1 virus. Our results indicate that pH1N1 is circulating in Greek pigs and stress out the importance of a vigorous virological surveillance programme.
Does degeneration of the subthalamic nucleus prevent parkinsonism in spinocerebellar ataxia type 2 and type 3?

Bath PM, Krishnan K. Interventions for deliberately altering blood pressure in acute stroke. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2014; 10: CD000039. Button KS, Ioannidis JP, Mokrysz C, Nosek BA, Flint J, Robinson ES, et al. Power failure: why small sample size undermines the reliability of neuroscience. Nat Rev Neurosci 2013; 14: 365–76. Halsey LG, Curran-Everett D, Vowler SL, Drummond GB. The fickle P value generates irreproducible results. Nat Methods 2015; 12: 179–85. Rothwell PM. Blood pressure in acute stroke: which questions remain? Lancet 2015; 385: 582–5. Steward O, Popovich PG, Dietrich WD, Kleitman N. Replication and reproducibility in spinal cord injury research. Exp Neurol 2012; 233: 597–605. van der Worp HB, Sena ES, Donnan GA, Howells DW, Macleod MR. Hypothermia in animal models of acute ischaemic stroke: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Brain 2007; 130(Pt 12): 3063–74. Villapol S, Balarezo MG, Affram K, Saavedra JM, Symes AJ. Neurorestoration after traumatic brain injury through angiotensin II receptor blockage. Brain 2015. Advance Access published June 26, 2015. Wang X, Arima H, Al-Shahi SalmanR, Woodward M, Heeley E, Stapf C, et al. Rapid blood pressure lowering according to recovery at different time intervals after acute intracerebral hemorrhage: pooled analysis of the INTERACT studies. Cerebrovasc Dis 2015; 39: 242–8.
The dorsal cingulate cortex as a critical gateway in the network supporting conscious awareness.

Sir, We have read with great interest the recent article by Balestrini et al. (2015) reporting a detailed cortical mapping of the parietal cortex. The work is remarkable in that it is based on the electrostimulation data from an impressive cohort of 172 patients with refractory focal epilepsy (419 cortical sites with a clinical response were unmasked), thus permitting authoritative conclusions about the functions of the different regions of the parietal cortex. In our opinion, one of the major strengths of the study is that it provides rare data on the medial part of this large brain territory, including the posterior cingulate cortex and the precuneus. Neurological insults in these areas are uncommon for biological reasons, and electrostimulation procedures in clinical patients provide a unique opportunity to probe their functional significance. In view of its widespread connections and its central position in several large-scale networks (i.e. default mode network), this transmodal cortex (Mesulam et al. , 1998) is likely to participate in a wide-ranging set of high-level cognitive functions or processes, which are to date only suspected to originate through reverse inference from neuroimaging data. Current literature suggests a role in social cognition, autobiographic and topographical memory, auto-projective processes, and more generally in conscious self-awareness (e.g. mind wandering) (Cavanna et al. , 2006; Buckner et al. , 2008; Leech and Sharp, 2013 for reviews). On the other hand, functional connectivity MRI studies performed in neurological patients converge towards the idea that this region would be central in the network supporting consciousness (Vogt and Laurey, 2005; Boly et al. , 2008). In their study, the authors found that electrostimulation of the posterior cingulate cortex (16 and 34 effective stimulations were analysed in the left and right hemisphere, …
Remifentanil Analgesia during Laser Treatment for Retinopathy of Prematurity: A Practical Approach in Neonatal Intensive Care Unit

Abstract Background Retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) is a significant cause of childhood blindness. Aim The aim of this study is to determine the feasibility of remifentanil analgesia during laser treatment of ROP performed in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU). Patients and Methods Remifentanil was infused continuously during the procedure starting with a dose of 0.2 µg/kg/min and increased gradually to 0.6 µg/kg/min to provide an adequate level of analgesia. Results We enrolled 64 infants. Remifentanil was infused continuously at a mean rate of 0.4 ± 0.1 μg/kg/min. No major adverse effects were observed except in two patients with reversible bradycardia and hypotension. Premature infant pain profile (PIPP) scores revealed no pain. Patients with bronchopulmonary dysplasia had similar remifentanil dosage, intubation duration, and extubation time. Conclusions Remifentanil analgesia for ROP treatment performed in the NICU by pediatricians is a safe and effective modality. This modality offers a practical solution in hospitals without readily available pediatric anesthetists.
LDL Receptor and Pcsk9 Transcripts are Decreased in Liver of Ovariectomized Rats: Effects of Exercise Training

The aim of this study was to determine the effects of ovariectomy in rats on hepatic gene expression of key molecules involved in cholesterol metabolism and to verify if exercise training may play a role in preventing hypercholesterolemia in Ovx rats. Sprague-Dawley rats were ovariectomized (Ovx) or sham-operated (Sham) and were either trained (Tr) on treadmill or kept sedentary (Sed) for 8 weeks. Rats were divided into 5 groups: Sham-Sed, Sham-Tr, Ovx-Sed, Ovx-Tr and Ovx with 17β-estradiol supplementation (Ovx-E2). Ovx animals had significantly (p<0.05) higher body weight, adiposity, liver total cholesterol (TC) content and hypercholesterolemia compared to Sham rats. In contrast, gene expression of hepatic low-density lipoprotein receptor (LDL-R), LDL receptor-related protein (Lrp1), proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (Pcsk9), sterol regulatory element binding protein 2 (SREBP-2) and 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA reductase (HMGCoA-r) were reduced (p<0.05) in Ovx compared to Sham rats. Hepatic mRNA levels of scavenger receptor class B member 1 (SR-B1) and ATP-binding cassette subfamily A member 1 (ABCA1) (hepatic and intestinal) were higher (p<0.05) in Ovx compared to Sham rats. All of these molecular changes were corrected in Ovx-E2. Exercise training, significantly reversed the effect of Ovx on adiposity, plasma triglyceride, TC and mRNA expression of SREBP-2 but had no effect on all other hepatic genes expression. These data indicate that hypercholesterolemia in Ovx rats is associated with a reduction of hepatic LDL-R and Lrp1 gene expression.
Proteomic analysis reveals protein changes within layer 2 of the insular cortex in schizophrenia

Abnormalities in the size and activity of the insular cortex (IC), a brain region involved in auditory hallucinations and language, have been previously found in brain imaging studies in schizophrenia. In addition, cortical layer 2 has been shown to be abnormal in many brain regions in schizophrenia. In this study, 2‐D DIGE was used to quantitatively analyse protein expression in schizophrenia and control cases (n = 15/group) in microdissected layer 2 IC tissue. Proteomic analyses revealed 57 significantly differentially expressed (p<0.05) protein spots in schizophrenia. Validation of differential expression of two of the proteins differentially expressed was subsequently confirmed using Western blotting. This work provides evidence of abnormal protein expression in layer 2 of the IC in schizophrenia, supporting previous work of reduced neuronal size in this cortical layer in the IC. Over half of proteins abnormally expressed in this study have not been reported previously in proteomic studies investigating schizophrenia or neurodegenerative disorders. Proteins found to be abnormally expressed appear to collectively impact on neuronal plasticity through roles in neurite outgrowth, cellular morphogenesis and synaptic function.
Autonomic Modulation in Resistance-Trained Individuals after Acute Resistance Exercise

Abstract The effects of different types of acute bouts of resistance exercise on autonomic modulation in individuals that are resistance-trained compared to untrained individuals are unknown. Seventeen untrained and 17 resistance-trained participants were assessed for autonomic modulation after various acute resistance exercise bouts. Electrocardiogram readings were collected at rest and 25 min after a control period, whole-, lower-, or upper-body acute bouts of resistance exercise. Heart rate variability and heart rate complexity were used to assess autonomic modulation. Participants were similar for age, height, weight and measures of body composition (p>0.05) and were different for measures of maximal strength (p<0.05). There were no differences (p>0.05) in autonomic modulation at rest between groups. Significant decreases (p<0.05) in parasympathetic modulation after the acute bouts of resistance exercise were noted. Sample entropy was not affected in the untrained group, but was significantly decreased after whole- (−17.5%) and upper-body exercise (−13.5%) in the resistance training group. The changes in sample entropy after lower-body resistance exercise were not significant (−15.7%; p=0.06). These data suggest that resistance exercise training further attenuates the parasympathetic responses to an acute bout of resistance training regardless of the modality compared to the untrained state.