Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Vollständig individuelle linguale Apparaturen vermindern das Schmelzentkalkungsrisiko bei einer Multibracketbehandlung um ein Vielfaches

Zusammenfassung Hintergrund und Zielsetzung: Das Entstehen von Schmelzentkalkungen oder White-Spot-Läsionen (WSL) ist eine häufig auftretende unerwünschte Begleiterscheinung der herkömmlichen festsitzenden kieferorthopädischen Behandlung. Die Lingualtechnik kann einen Beitrag dazu leisten, die Schwere der Nebenwirkungen zu mindern, indem die Bracketplatzierung in einen Bereich verlagert wird, der durch eine geringere Anfälligkeit gegenüber Karies gekennzeichnet ist. Ziel der Studie ist das Bestimmen der Inzidenz von lingualseitigen WSL und Kavitationen als Folge einer festsitzenden lingualen Behandlung, unter Berücksichtigung einzelner Zahngruppen (12–22; 13–23; 16–46; 17–47) sowie der Einflussfaktoren Behandlungsdauer, Geschlecht und Altersgruppe. Patienten und Methode: In dieser retrospektiven Untersuchung wurde die WSL- und Kavitationsinzidenz in 385 mit der vollständig individuellen lingualen Apparatur WIN (DW LingualSystems, Bad Essen, Deutschland) behandelten Fällen mit insgesamt 10 162 auswertbaren Zähnen anhand hochauflösender Aufsichtsaufnahmen vor und nach der aktiven Behandlung ermittelt. Ausschlusskriterium war ein Alter der Patienten von über 18 Jahren bei Behandlungsbeginn. Die Auswertung erfolgte deskriptiv sowie anhand non-parametrischer ANOVA zum Signifikanzniveau von 5%. Ergebnisse: Die mittlere Behandlungsdauer mit der WIN-Apparatur betrug 22,32±7,18 Monate. Es ergab sich im Bereich der oberen Inzisivi eine zahnbezogene WSL- [Kavitations-] Inzidenz von 5,8% [0,2%], patientenbezogen (Fälle mit mindestens einer neuen WSL) betrug diese Inzidenz 13,8% [0,8%]. Bei Betrachtung der kompletten behandelten Zahnbögen 17–47 ergab sich zahnbezogen eine WSL- [Kavitations-] Inzidenz von 3,2% [0,1%]. Bei männlichen Patienten war das Auftreten von Kavitationen im Bereich der Zahngruppe 13–23 signifikant erhöht (0,4% aller Zähne 13–23). Eine längere Behandlungsdauer wurde als signifikant verschlechternder Faktor in Bezug auf die WSL-Formation in der Zahngruppe 13–23 und 16–46 festgestellt. Schlussfolgerung: Die Inzidenz von lingualen post-orthodontischen Schmelzentkalkungen ist im Vergleich zu den in der Literatur berichteten WSL-Inzidenzen nach der Behandlung mit vestibulären Multibracketapparaturen je nach betrachteter Zahngruppe bis um den Faktor 10 reduziert. Inaktive, remineralisierte linguale Läsionen stellen auch ohne weitere Behandlung kein ästhetisches Manko dar.
Development of nationwide genomic screening project (LC-SCRUM-Japan) contributing to the establishment of precision medicine in Japan.

9089Background: Most of targetable gene alterations are found only in 1-5% of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cases. Large scale screening systems for these rare populations are necessary for the development of molecular targeted therapies. Thus, a nationwide lung cancer genomic screening project in Japan (LC-SCRUM-Japan) has been operated since February 2013. Methods: Non-squamous NSCLCs without EGFR mutations were eligible for inclusion in this study. The tumors were analyzed for ALK/RET/ROS1 fusions using RT-PCR, and detected fusions were confirmed by FISH. Since March 2015, this nationwide project has been amended to an academic-industrial collaboration project with 14 pharmaceutical companies, and the samples were further subjected to a next-generation sequencing (NGS) system, Oncomine Comprehensive Assay, enabling the simultaneous analysis of 143 cancer-related genes. Results: As of December 31, 2015, 195 institutions across Japan were participating and 2161 patients had been enrolled. Among 1988.
Two Somali Fathers’ Views of Science: What Should My Children Learn in Science?

This exploratory qualitative study examines the views of two Somali fathers on science, nature, and content of science that Somali students should be taught, and how science intersects with Somali sociocultural practices. The fathers were interviewed for over a year. We analyzed data inductively using a systematic qualitative process. The findings of the study show that the Somali fathers desired their children to learn science that was useful in Somali lives and connected to their sociocultural experiences. Learning evolution science created resistance and challenges to Somali fathers’ views of scientific evolution and future careers in science-related fields. Because of their deep-rooted Islamic faith, the fathers’ views of scientific evolution created internal resistance and challenges for themselves and for their children. In addition, Somali fathers expressed a greater sense of responsibility to resist the labels that science assigns in the “name of disease diagnosis. ” A larger implication of this study might call upon urban school teachers to seek out Somali adults and parents as resources to make science teaching and learning socioculturally more relevant and respectful.
Book review: “Corporate ownership and control: International trends”

This review covers the book titled “Corporate Ownership and Control: International Trends”, which was written by Alexander N. Kostyuk, Marco Tutino, Stefan Prigge (Virtus Interpress, 2019; ISBN: 978-617-7309-06-1). The review shortly outlines the fundamental questions researched in the book, pays attention to its strong sides and issues that will be, by the reviewer’s point of view, most interesting for the reader and focuses on the contribution of this book to the ongoing discussion on key questions relating to corporate ownership and control.
Classificação multi-rótulo de aspectos em avaliações online

Com o a popularização da internet nos últimos anos houve o acúmulo de grandes volumes de dados não estruturados na forma de comentários ou avaliações, de tal maneira que interpretá-los pode gerar informações fundamentais para qualquer empresa que deseja melhorar seus serviços ou produtos. Tendo isso em vista este artigo visa criar um modelo de aprendizagem de máquina capaz de inferir quais tópicos estão sendo mencionados dentro de uma amostra de texto livre de avaliação online. Isto é mostrado em estudo de caso de avaliação de restaurante.
Immune Checkpoint Axes Are Dysregulated in Patients With Alcoholic Hepatitis

Alcoholic hepatitis (AH) is a severe inflammatory liver disease that develops in some heavy drinkers. The immune system in patients with AH is hyperactive and yet dysfunctional. Here, we investigated whether this immune‐dysregulated state is related to the alcoholic impact on immune checkpoints (ICPs). We used multiplex immunoassays and enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay to quantify plasma levels of 18 soluble ICPs (sICPs) from 81 patients with AH, 65 heavy drinkers without liver diseases (HDCs), and 39 healthy controls (HCs) at baseline, 33 patients with AH and 32 HDCs at 6‐month follow‐up, and 18 patients with AH and 29 HDCs at 12‐month follow‐up. We demonstrated that baseline levels of 6 sICPs (soluble T‐cell immunoglobulin and mucin domain 3 [sTIM‐3], soluble cluster of differentiation [sCD]27, sCD40, soluble Toll‐like receptor‐2 [sTLR‐2], soluble herpesvirus entry mediator [sHVEM], and soluble lymphotoxin‐like inducible protein that competes with glycoprotein D for herpes virus entry on T cells [sLIGHT]) were up‐regulated, while 11 sICPs (soluble B‐ and T‐lymphocyte attenuator [sBTLA], sCD160, soluble cytotoxic T‐lymphocyte‐associated protein 4 [sCTLA‐4], soluble lymphocyte‐activation gene 3 [sLAG‐3], soluble programmed death 1 [sPD‐1], sPD ligand 1 [sPD‐L1], sCD28, soluble glucocorticoid‐induced tumor necrosis factor receptor‐related protein [sGITR], sGITR ligand [sGITRL], sCD80, and inducible T‐cell costimulator [sICOS]) were down‐regulated in patients with AH compared to HDCs. The up‐regulated sICPs except sLIGHT and down‐regulated sCD80, sCD160, sCTLA‐4, and sLAG‐3 correlated positively or negatively with AH disease severity, bacterial translocation, and inflammatory factors. At follow‐up, abstinent patients with AH still had higher levels of several sICPs compared to HDCs. We also compared expression of 10 membrane‐bound ICPs (mICPs) on peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from patients with AH and HCs by flow cytometry and found that several mICPs were dysregulated on blood cells from patients with AH. The function and regulation of sICPs and mICPs were studied using PBMCs from patients with AH and HCs. Recombinant sHVEM affected tumor necrosis factor (TNF)‐α and interferon‐γ production by T cells from patients with AH and HCs. Conclusion: Both sICPs and mICPs were dysregulated in patients with AH, and alcohol abstinence did not fully reverse these abnormalities. The HVEM axis plays a role in regulating T‐cell function in patients with AH.
Multiple Trauma Patient Safety in the Emergency Care: Scoping Review

Background: To summarize the scientific evidence on the influence of safe nursing care to multiple trauma patients in the emergency care. Methods: Scoping review using the strategy P (Population) C (Concept) C (Context) and performed in PubMed, Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature, Scopus and Web of Science in June 2016. Results: The sample was composed of 43 articles, with most of them being descriptive (n=35; 81.4%), quantitative approach (n=32; 74.4%), level of evidence 4 (n=35; 81.4%) and recommendation grade A (n=40; 93.0%). The structure pointed to the availability of equipment for performing imaging and laboratory functioning (n=18; 41.9%). The process highlighted the completion of the screening in the emergency department (n=20; 46.5%). The result showed the great waiting time of patients to treatment (n=4; 9.3%) and dissatisfaction of professionals regarding the care provided and the working conditions (n=4; 9.3%). Conclusions: The triad structure-process-result of the emergency services have problems able to compromise the security of critically ill patients.
School, ethnicity and nation-building in post-colonial Myanmar

Drawing on concepts of ethnicity and ethnic nationalism, this paper seeks to analyze the reasons and extent to which school education has been utilized to define the newborn nation. This will be done through an analysis of Myanmar’s political history and, subsequently, through an examination of specific educational policies and practices such as the introduction of a one-language policy, standardized curriculum and textbooks and teacher-centered pedagogies that have deliberately been used in the attempt to assimilate rather than integrate Myanmar’s ethnic diversity. The second part of the paper will address the nature and dynamics of decades of identity-based conflicts arguing that the “ethnicization”of the education system in favour of the Bamar majority has not only acted as a catalyst for the perpetuation of violence exacerbating divisions along civil-military lines but has reinforced ethno-linguistic identities through the use of education as a tool of resistance, with critical implications for social cohesion, tolerance for diversity and the overall future of the country.
Youth and Young Adults These Days: Perceptions of Community Resources and Factors Associated with Rural Community Engagement

Young people’s decisions to engage or disengage in community activities can be attributed to their perceptions of community resources and opportunities. This study examined South African rural young adults’ perceptions of their future communities and influences on engaging in health promoting activities and community leadership. Survey data were collected from 58 youth and 52 young adults affiliated with key community organizations. Correlational analysis examined perceptions of community resources and participation in community leadership. Perceptions about the future of their communities differed by age, educational attainment, employment status, and number of years spent in the community and were strongly correlated with how youth and young adults perceive they are valued. Local organizations such as schools and churches can motivate at-risk youth and young adults to participate in community life. This research extends our knowledge of factors important for engaging this population in resource-limited rural settings.
Detecting new building construction in urban areas based on images of small unmanned aerial system

Abstract The small Unmanned Aerial System (sUAS) is an emerging approach to monitor new buildings. sUAS acquires ultra-high-resolution imagery which provides visual evidence and reduces the necessity of in-situ investigation. It offers greater potential for building change detection when two epochs of images of the place of interest are captured. This study takes the entire urban area of Longfeng Town, Hubei Province, China as a test site, where two sets of 0.05 m resolution sUAS images were acquired on March 23, 2017 and June 6, 2017, respectively. In this short time interval, the heightened structures of the existing buildings consist of most changes. This study proposes a sensitive building change detection method by integrating the visual and elevation information from sUAS images. Dense point clouds were generated using sUAS images without control points. Two Digital Surface Models (DSM) are generated based on point clouds to detect elevation changes between two epochs. With true-color images, the improved Triangle Greenness Index (TGI) is used to mask out the natural changes caused by seasonal vegetation growth. Lastly, multiple criteria are utilized to identify changes in buildings including new buildings on the ground and new stories atop current buildings. The experimental result reveals that over 93.3% of building changes, including 3 new buildings and 25 stories and structures added to existing buildings are detected, which proves the validity of the proposed method for local land-use enforcement. The proposed method takes 5 minutes to extract changes from orthoimages and DSMs of 2 km2, while manual monitoring is more than 40 times slower.
Wat wetenschappelijk onderzoek ons leert over de fraude-detectievaardigheid van de controlerend accountant

In de publieke opinie wordt de zorg geuit of de accountant zijn verantwoordelijkheid met betrekking tot fraude tijdens de jaarrekeningcontrole wel waar kan maken. Die zorg kan terecht zijn (prestatiekloof) dan wel gebaseerd zijn op verkeerde verwachtingen wat van de accountant kan en mag worden verwacht (verwachtingskloof en evaluatiekloof). Fraude ontdekken is niet eenvoudig, blijkend uit de vaststelling dat bij fraudegevallen vaak duidelijk wordt dat de accountant tijdens de jaarrekeningcontrole de fraude niet heeft vastgesteld. Op basis van een review van wetenschappelijk onderzoek op het gebied van fraudedetectie door de controlerend accountant dragen wij praktijkgeoriënteerde suggesties aan, die de fraudedetectie door de controlerend accountant kan verbeteren en tevens de publieke opinie kan funderen. Het gebruik van standaardcontroleprogramma’s, checklists en heel specifieke documentatie blijkt averechts te werken. Daarentegen blijkt het toepassen van principes uit de mental accounting theory, het uitvoeren van een constructieve brainstormsessie en het variëren van de aard van de controlewerkzaamheden de fraude detectievaardigheid wel te verbeteren. Daarnaast bespreken wij de toegevoegde waarde van de inzet van forensische accountants tijdens de jaarrekeningcontrole, alsmede van welke forensische vaardigheden of eigenschappen controlerend accountants kunnen leren.
Cervical adenocarcinoma – role of primary prophylaxis

W odróżnieniu od raka płaskonabłonkowego szyjki macicy, częstość występowania raka gruczołowego wzrasta, szczególnie u młodych kobiet. Skuteczność rutynowo stosowanych metod przesiewowych w wykrywaniu zmian prekursorowych jest w przypadku adenocarcinoma zdecydowanie gorsza aniżeli w przypadku zmian płaskonabłonkowych. Infekcja onkogennymi typami wirusa brodawczaka ludzkiego (HPV) jest najważniejszym czynnikiem ryzyka wystąpienia raka gruczołowego szyjki macicy. Trzy najczęstsze typy HPV (16, 18 i 45) występują łącznie w 93% przypadków adenocarcinoma cervicis uteri. Szacowana wartość protekcyjna szczepień przeciwko HPV w stosunku do zachorowalności na gruczołowego raka szyjki macicy jest bardzo wysoka i przekracza o ok. 20% analogiczną wartość dotyczącą raka płaskonabłonkowego. Zastosowanie szczepień przeciwko zakażeniom HPV u dziewcząt, przed zaistnieniem ich narażenia na wirusa, ma szansę zapobiec znacznej liczbie przypadków zachorowań na raka gruczołowego szyjki macicy.
UPGRADING THE CONCEPT OF UHPFRC FOR HIGH DURABILITYIN THE CRACKED STATE: THE CONCEPT OF ULTRA HIGHDURABILITY CONCRETE (UHDC) IN THE APPROACH OF THE H2020PROJECT RESHEALIENCE

Current solutions for new concrete constructions in Extremely Aggressive Exposures, as recommended and enforced by design codes, are not taking into account new cement-based construction materials, such as Ultra High Performance Fibre Reinforced Concrete, neither new constituents specifically conceived to improve the concrete durability, because of the lack of standards and technical awareness by most designers and contractors. The H2020 ReSHEALience project will upgrade to the concept of Ultra High Durability Concrete (UHDC), combining nano-scale constituents (nano-cellulose, alumina nanofibers) and self-healing promoters (crystalline admixtures). The paper will present the approach pursued in the project together with a synopsis of the results of ongoing research.
Mathematics for Big Data

This essay highlights several examples of using mathematics and statistics to analyse problems involving Big Data. More often than not, mathematics is essential for extracting usable information from the data. However, it usually remains hidden under the bonnet, and the general public seems to take it for granted. With this paper Alessandro Di Bucchianico, Laura Iapichino, Nelly Litvak, Frank van der Meulen and Ron Wehrens want to show some essential contributions of the fields of mathematics to Big Data using successful real-life examples.
Periodicity and decidability of tilings of ℤ2

abstract:We prove that any finite set $F\subset{\Bbb Z}^2$ that tiles ${\Bbb Z}^2$ by translations also admits a periodic tiling. As a consequence, the problem whether a given finite set $F$ tiles ${\Bbb Z}^2$ is decidable.
Alloantigeneic Reactions after Human Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation Induce Genomic Alterations in Epithelium: A Confirmation in Vivo and in Vitro Study and Implications to Secondary Neoplasia

We previously demonstrated frequent genomic alterations measured by microsatellite instability (MSI) in non-neoplastic epithelial tissues of pts who underwent allogeneic Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation (HCT) but not after autologous transplantation (Blood2006;107:3389–3396). Confirmation in a larger and independent patient cohort and demonstration in an in vitro system was needed. In total 176 buccal samples obtained from 71 unselected patients who underwent allogeneic HCT were analyzed for MSI with standard PCR for microsatellite markers (THO-1, SEE33, D14S120 and D1S80) and analysis by capillary electrophoresis. MSI was observed in 37 (52%) allo-transplanted pts but never in the 31 controls (16 healthy and 15 pts after auto-HCT, 47 samples). MSI+ pts were significantly older than MSI-pts (median age 60y vs 48y, p 2 O 2 resulted in a time and dose dependent GI induction (1.9–5.7 fold). Cytokines abundant in alloreactions such as IFN-γ, TNF-α, TGF-β didn’t result in any GI in various concentrations and incubation times. Also, treatment with supernatants from different MHC non-matched Mixed Lymphocyte Cultures (MLC-SN) or with MLC separated from HaCaT cells with a semipermeable membrane didn’t induce any significant GI. In contrast, exposure of HaCaT cells to the whole MLC which includes activated cellular components (measured as BrdU+) resulted in significant induction of GI in 6 out of 8 different cases (mean 2.4-fold). GI was also evaluated in terms of DNA strand break formation by using the neutral comet assay. Treatment of HaCaT cells with whole MLC resulted in significant increase of DNA strand breaks as compared to HaCaT cells exposed to MLC-SN (p=0.039) or untreated controls (p=0.048). Western blot analysis revealed no significant alterations in the levels of MMR proteins upon treatment with MLC or MLC-SN. Exposure of HaCaT cells to MLC or MLC-SN resulted in increase of intracellular ROS levels as compared to untreated cells. The MLC treatment caused significantly higher increase of ROS levels than MLC-SN. The results of the present study confirm that GI of epithelial cells is a frequent phenomenon in patients after allogeneic HCT and give in vivo and in vitro support that alloantigeneic processes can be the cause of such a phenomenon. Progress in understanding DNA damage and repair after allogeneic HCT can potentially provide molecular biomarkers and therapeutic targets.
Training Needs Of International Medical Graduates Seeking Residency Training: Evaluation Of Medical Training In India And The United States

International medical graduates (IMGs) continue to occupy a significant proportion of residency slots and medical manpower in the United States (U.S.). Cultural and educational adjustments engender tremendous pressures on IMGs and affect their ability to function as effective learners and physician providers. Communication and social skills, professionalism and addressing patient management and social issues are aspects of medical education most neglected in teaching curriculums in third world countries. Medical educators in the U.S. need to be aware of the scope and breadth of the training curriculum in the host country to be in a position to undertake remedial steps and enable IMGs to meet local expectations. Medical educators in other countries also need to be aware of their student's aspirations of medical training in the U.S., so that they can be better prepared to meet the challenges of functioning appropriately as residents and physicians in the U.S.
Schumpeter, Neo-Schumpeterianism, and Stra.Tech.Man Evolution of the Firm

The Schumpeterian way of thinking for the analysis of innovation, as an evolutionary socioeconomic phenomenon, seems to be still of particular usefulness while the fundamental contribution by Nelson and Winter with the “evolutionary theory of economic change” is nowadays one of the most widely cited references in the contexts of “neo-Schumpeterianism. ” In a similar evolutionary concern, Vlados (2004) also examines the “dynamics of the triangle of strategy, technology, and management” (Stra.Tech.Man synthesis). The aim of this article is, in particular, to find out to what extent the Stra.Tech.Man approach utilizes and enriches some of the fundamental neo-Schumpeterian contributions by focusing mostly on the evolutionary theory of the firm, the use of evolutionary biology on analyzing socioeconomic phenomena, and the interpretation of structural change into the context of global dynamics. To achieve this goal, we first distinguish some of the criteria/filters that allow for evaluating whether a research contribution can be of neo-Schumpeterian direction. These criteria also help to identify generic concepts of recent neo-Schumpeterian trends in order to formulate a new analytical background based on the Stra.Tech.Man approach.