Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Depuration based Efficient Coverage Mechanism for Wireless Sensor Network

Background and objectives: The quick response time and the coverage range are the crucial ‎factors by which the quality service of a wireless sensor network ‎can be acknowledged. In some cases, even networks possess ‎sufficient available bandwidth but due to coverage tribulations, the ‎customer satisfaction gets down suddenly. Methods: The increasing number of ‎nodes directly is neither a canny solution to overcome the coverage ‎problem nor a cost-effective. In fact, by changing the positions of the ‎deployed node sagaciously can resolve the coverage issue and seems ‎a cost-effective solution. Therefore, keeping all circumstances, a ‎Depuration based Efficient Coverage Mechanism (DECM) has been ‎developed. This algorithm suggests the new shifting positions for ‎previously deployed sensor nodes to fill the coverage gap. Indeed, ‎it’s a redeployment process which accomplished in two rounds. Results: The ‎first round avails the Dissimilitude Enhancement Scheme (DES)‎, ‎which searches the node to be shifted at new positions. The second ‎round controls the unnecessary movement of the sensor nodes by ‎the Depuration mechanism thereby the distance between previous ‎and new positions is reduced. In addition, the factors like loudness, ‎pulse emission rate, maximum frequency, and sensing radius are ‎meticulously explored during simulation rounds conducted by ‎MATLAB. Conclusion: The performance of DECM has been compared with ‎superlative algorithms i.e., Fruit Fly Optimization Algorithm (FOA)‎, ‎Particle Swarm Optimization ‎‎(PSO)‎ , and Ant Colony Optimization ‎‎‎(ACO)‎ in terms of mean coverage range, computation time, standard ‎deviation, and network energy diminution. According to the ‎simulation results, the DECM has achieved more than 98% coverage ‎range, with a trivial computation time of nearly 0.016 seconds as ‎compared to FOA, PSO, and ACO.
Drainage ditches as important habitat for species diversity and rare species of aquatic beetles in agricultural landscapes (Insecta: Coleoptera)

Agricultural drainage ditches are common structures in cultivated lowland areas across Europe. These artificial linear water bodies are interconnected to form networks that can offer valuable habitats for many water associated organisms. The current study contributes to the knowledge of aquatic Coleoptera biodiversity associated with artificial drainage ditches. Fundamental ecological and faunistical findings were combined with aspects relevant for applied nature conservation. Adult beetles were sampled at 124 sampling locations belonging to seven study sites in the federal state of Brandenburg, Germany. With 108 taxa out of 10 families the studied ditches showed a high species richness. Taxa associated with eutrophic conditions dominated with the dytiscid Hydroporus palustris as the most abundant species. In terms of β-diversity, a moderate turnover between the study sites could be observed. Although the sampling locations showed some degree of variability concerning habitat characteristics, measured environmental parameters only weakly explained observed differences in community composition. Beside taxonomical characterization of beetle diversity, aspects of functional diversity were analyzed. Interestingly, individuals with reduced flight ability were dominant. Because the predaceous family Dytiscidae dominated, beetles were mainly integrated as carnivores in the food web of ditches. Throughout the study, 13.0% threatened as well as 18.4% rare taxa could be recorded, referring to the German fauna of aquatic beetles. This may underpin the need to include agricultural drainage ditches into conservation management.
Polymorphism of the Growth Hormone Gene and Its Effect on Production and Reproduction Traits in

Goat farming is operated globally, with goat products having a favorable perspective. The number of goats has increased globally, even in countries with high and intermediate incomes, despite major changes in agriculture due to industrial combination, globalization, and technological improvements in developed countries (Shamsalddini et al. 2016). Goat is mainly used for meat production. It is also used in dairy production, but to less extent. Most of the goats worldwide are found in Asia and Africa. In developing countries, 96% of the milk and meat producing goat populations are found and 4% are found in developed countries (FAO, 2008). There are 30 million heads of cashmere goats around the world and 4.5-5 million heads of them are in Iran that is 20% of all in the world (Baghizadeh et al. 2009). Goat production is one of the key elements contributing to the economy of farmers living in the arid and semiarid regions including most areas of Iran. Raini goat is one of the most important Iranian native goats that spread in the southeast of Iran where these animals are kept for both meat and cashmere production (Moghadaszadeh et al. 2015). One of the most important purposes of the genetic improvement of this breed is enhancing the meat producGrowth hormone (GH) has an effect on a broad variety of physiological parameters such as lactation, reproduction, growth and metabolism. Thus, the aim of this study was to detect GH gene polymorphism and its association with breeding values of production and reproduction traits in Raini Cashmere goat. Breeding values were estimated using records on 26731 Raini Cashmere goats. To study GH gene polymorphism, 300 animals were selected based on their estimated breeding values (EBVs) for these traits. Then the animal’s genotype was determined using PCR-RFLP. The genotype frequencies for AA, AB and BB were 0.15, 0.85 and 0, respectively. The number of observed alleles, number of effective alleles, expected heterozygosity, observed heterozygosity, mean of heterozygosity, expected homozygosity, observed homozygosity, Nei’s index, Shanon’s index and Fixation index (Fis) were 2, 1.96, 0.49, 0.85, 0.49, 0.51, 0.15, 0.49, 0.69 and -0.74, respectively. Results showed that mean estimated breeding values for birth type, fleece weight and birth weight traits in different genotypes varies, of course these differences were not statistically significant (P>0.05). However, for fleece weight and birth type traits AB genotype had higher EBV. Due to the relatively high diversity of growth hormone gene in Raini Cashmere goat and its association with important economic traits, using growth hormone gene in breeding programs of this breed can lead to acceptable genetic progress and applying AA genotype for birth weight trait and AB genotype for fleece weight and birth type traits can be used as an indirect marker for selection of superior animals.
The Silkworm, Bombyx mori: A Promising Model Organism to Study the Longevity - A Review

The word insect originated from Latin, it means “cut into sections” and insects are belong class invertebrates within the arthropod phylum, those all are having chitinous exoskeleton, dividing its body into three parts namely, head, thorax and abdomen. However, insects are most different classes among the animals on the earth and which have been The silkworm Bombyx mori being a typical representative of lepidopteron insects is of great economic importance in terms of longevity having short generation time, wherein physiological, genetical, molecular and biological aspects are playing an important role. But, the mechanism of longevity has been gradually unraveled due to not realizing indepth in basic theoretical and practical fundamentals for the several above said aspects of insects in particularly silkworm Bombyx mori. In spite of the fact, application of several biotechnological methods have been implementing in the era of advanced biology. Silkworm has to be a model organism to study the longevity, because it is an economically important insect for the silk production, wherein longevity play an important role in metabolic activities during its life cycle and understanding of its durability to reduce still shorter is the need of hour for the benefit of rearer, breeders, physiologist, biochemist, geneticist, farmers, etc in economic & scientific point of view. Regretfully, the application of theoretical and practical based theories are not possible until unless the efforts of converting into the action through proper research investigations and during various movements/programmes to reach the knowledge of longevity in a systematic way for the users. In the light of the above concept, herein this review, summarized the several important aspects are directly or indirectly influencing/effecting on longevity with providing authentically supporting evidences to understand the impact of age-related disorders for the standardization of life span in the insects with special reference to the Bombyx mori. The information gathered and discussed herein is a first ever effort as a review and greatly be helps to further research investigations in the field of gerontology with reference to silkworm Bombyx mori. K e y w o r d s
Effects of different environmental conditions on the cognitive function of honeybee (Apis mellifera L.) and mineral content of honey

The aim of the present study was to determine the effect of local area inhabited by bee colonies on regional efficiency, foraging behavior and the content of certain metal elements in honey. Bee colonies from the same genetic source in different regions demonstrated significant variation (P<0.001) in behavior and performance. Initially, the number of forager worker bees exiting and entering the hive was approximately equal to each other. However, over time a significant difference (P<0.001) occurred between regions. Varying regional conditions caused considerable difference (P<0.001) in the average honey yields of colonies (between 28.60 ± 3.27 and 0.571 ± 2.76 kg/colony). Significant differences (P<0.01) in the amount of wax produced were also observed between regions. These regional differences were further reflected in concentrations of certain heavy metals in centrifugal honey samples. Environmental effects were determined to be the most important reason for the differences in all phenotypes, such as behavior, honey yield and heavy metal concentrations in honey. Those colonies inhabiting industrial or polluted areas died before the winter. Therefore, colonies are only productive when provided with appropriate environments or conditions.
L’ Entrepreneuriat social féminin et l’innovation dans la région MENA : une étude qualitative

the issues that these women entrepreneurs face and how foreign investments can support their projects. This paper suggests a more nuanced understanding of women’s social entrepreneurship and innovative behaviour in correlation with the issues they face. It provides an insight on the innovation capacity of 45 social enterprises led by 45 different women entrepreneurs from 10 different MENA countries through a qualitative approach.
Impact of Teleconsultation on Patients With Type 2 Diabetes in the Brazilian Public Health System: Protocol for a Randomized Controlled Trial (TELEconsulta Diabetes Trial)

Background Although the Brazilian Unified Health System (SUS) offers universal health coverage, access to quality care is often limited by social inequality and location. Although telemedicine has been shown to be an important tool in the efforts to overcome this problem, because it can provide access to specialist care and break the geographical barriers to health care, there are no national studies demonstrating its use in public health. Objective This study aims to test the hypothesis that remote consultation can be as effective as standard face-to-face consultation for type 2 diabetes mellitus in the Brazilian public health system and to assess the associated costs related to teleconsultation in public health scenarios, for patients referred from Primary Health Care units of the SUS for specialist care. Methods This is a pragmatic, phase 2, unicentric, open-label, noninferiority, blinded allocation, data-blinded, centrally randomized clinical trial. The inclusion criteria will be adults, both sexes, ≥18 years old, glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) ≥8%. Outcomes will be evaluated by assessing symptoms, laboratory exams, anthropometric measurements, blood pressure, adverse events, and satisfaction level for 6 months. The costs of the teleconsultation will be assessed using the time-driven activity-based costing (TDABC) method to compare the costs with the face-to-face consultations. The noninferiority margin was set at 0.5%. Assuming an SD of 1.3% for both groups, true difference between the means of zero, and a type I error level of 5% (one-sided), it was estimated that 117 individuals per group would be necessary to achieve 90% power. Statistical analysis of the efficacy will be done using intention-to-treat and per-protocol approaches. Results The results from this trial will be reported according to the CONSORT guidelines. The trial was approved by the institutional review board on October 5, 2019. Data collection started in January 2019 and is expected to finish in 2022. At the time of manuscript submission, 18 participants were recruited. Conclusions Our expectations are that providing remote access to health care will result in improvements in the health and quality of life of patients with type 2 diabetes and reduce costs and that both patients and clinicians will benefit from and be satisfied with this technology. Trial Registration Registro Brasileiro de Ensaios Clínicos RBR-8gpgyd; https://ensaiosclinicos.gov. br/rg/RBR-8gpgyd International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID) DERR1-10.2196/23679
Rumen Manipulation: One of the Promising Strategies to Improve Livestock Productivity-Review

Anaerobic rumen microorganisms mainly bacteria, protozoa and fungi degrade ligno-cellulosic feeds consumed by the ruminants. The ruminants in developing countries are chiefly maintained on low grade roughage and grazing on degraded range land resulting in their poor nutrient utilization and productivity. Hence, manipulation of rumen fermentation is crucial to optimize ruminal fermentation for improving nutrient utilization and productivity of the animals. Chemical additives those selectively affect rumen microbes, introduction of naturally occurring or genetically modified foreign microbes into the rumen and genetically manipulation of existing microbes in the rumen ecosystem are the available rumen manipulation strategies. Accordingly, rumen protozoa are getting rid of by defaunation for plummeting ruminal methane production and increasing protein outflow in the intestine, resulting in get better growth and feed conversion efficiency of the animals. Additionally, probiotics of bacterial and yeast origin are also used in animal feeding to stabilize rumen fermentation, reduced incidence of diarrhea and thus improving growth and feed conversion efficiency of young stalk. In view of feed resource availability more emphasis must be given for manipulating rumen fermentation to increase cellulolytic activity for efficient utilization of low-grade roughage thereby improves livestock production and productivity.
In Vitro Anti-bacterial Activities of Aqueous, Ethanol and Chloroform Crude Extracts of Olinia rochetiana and Vernonia myriantha

In the past with the advent of antibiotics, bacterial diseases have been under control. However rapid spread of antibiotic-resistant this success is reversing and searching for newer antibacterial agents is currently a top priority. This study was, thus, aimed at assessing the anti-microbial activities of two traditional medicinal plants: Vernonia myriantha and Olinia rochetiana. The crude extracts were tested for their in vitro antibacterial activities and phytochemical content. The extracts were tested against selected 3 clinical and 4 standard test bacterial strains by using agar well-diffusion method and the minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentrations (MBC). The ethanol leaves and stem-bark extracts of O. rochetiana inhibited the growth of all bacterial strains at a concentration of 250mg/mL. The inhibition zones ranged from 20.33±0.57mm for clinical Pseudomonas aeruginosa to 25.66±0.57mm for standard Salmonella typhi strains. The values for these same extracts were 20.66±2.51mm and 24.33±1.15mm for standard P. aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus strains respectively. The chloroform extract was similarly effective against all of the strains with inhibition zones between 19.00±1.73mm against P. aeruginosa and 22.66±2.51mm for S. aureus. Comparatively, the ethanol extract of O. rochetiana had the highest MIC (7.81mg/mL) and MBC (62.50mg/mL) were noted against P. aeruginosa. On the other hand, chloroform extract of O. rochetiana leaf showed the highest MIC (15mg/mL) and MBC (125mg/mL) were recorded against P. aeruginosa. The ethanol extract of V. myriantha showed growth inhibition only on S. aureus (21.00±1.7mm). Both plants tested for terpenoids and glycosides showed positive result, but none for resin.
Substrate-analogue complex structure of Mycobacterium tuberculosis decaprenyl diphosphate synthase

The structure of a complex of Mycobacterium tuberculosis decaprenyl diphosphate synthase with geranyl S-thiodiphosphate and isopentenyl S-thiodiphosphate was refined to 1.55 Å resolution. It not only shows the magnesium-coordinated configuration for catalysis but also suggests a pathway for product translocation as well as a direction for inhibitor design.
Development and characterization of chloroplast simple sequence repeat markers for Prunus taxa (eleven Japanese native taxa and two foreign taxa)

Abstract Japanese flowering cherry (Prunus subgenus Cerasus; Rosaceae) cultivars, which are characterized by beautiful flowers, have been generated through hybridization among wild Prunus taxa. The analysis of polymorphisms in the maternally inherited chloroplast DNA is an effective complementary approach for tracing the origins of these cultivars. Thus, a set of novel chloroplast simple sequence repeat (cpSSR) markers was developed for the Prunus taxa, and their utility in cross-species amplification was evaluated. Five markers were designed from the partial chloroplast genome sequences of thirteen Prunus taxa. In all, we found 19 haplotypes among the 311 individuals tested. The number of haplotypes, haplotype richness and haplotype diversity in each taxon ranged from 1 to 8, from 1 to 6.613 and from 0 to 0.758, respectively. The major proportion of the total diversity (HT = 0.831) was accounted for by intraspecific diversity (HS = 0.559), and the level of species subdivision, GST, was 0.327. These five cpSSR markers highly polymorphic, and they will be useful not only for tracing the origins of the cultivars but also for studying the population structure, diversity, and phylogeography of Prunus.
The reliability and relative validity of predefined dietary patterns were higher than that of exploratory dietary patterns in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC)-Potsdam population

Abstract The aim of this study was to assess the ability of the FFQ to describe reliable and valid dietary pattern (DP) scores. In a total of 134 participants of the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition-Potsdam study aged 35–67 years, the FFQ was applied twice (baseline and after 1 year) to assess its reliability. Between November 1995 and March 1997, twelve 24-h dietary recalls (24HDR) as reference instrument were applied to assess the validity of the FFQ. Exploratory DP were derived by principal component analyses. Investigated predefined DP were the Alternative Healthy Eating Index (AHEI) and two Mediterranean diet indices. From dietary data of each FFQ, two exploratory DP were retained, but differed in highly loading food groups, resulting in moderate correlations (r 0·45–0·58). The predefined indices showed higher correlations between the FFQ (r(AHEI) 0·62, r(Mediterranean Diet Pyramid Index (MedPyr)) 0·62 and r(traditional Mediterranean Diet Score (tMDS)) 0·51). From 24HDR dietary data, one exploratory DP retained differed in composition to the first FFQ-based DP, but showed similarities to the second DP, reflected by a good correlation (r 0·70). The predefined DP correlated moderately (r 0·40–0·60). To conclude, long-term analyses on exploratory DP should be interpreted with caution, due to only moderate reliability. The validity differed extensively for the two exploratory DP. The investigated predefined DP showed a better reliability and a moderate validity, comparable to other studies. Within the two Mediterranean diet indices, the MedPyr performed better than the tMDs in this middle-aged, semi-urban German study population.
Biodiversity and extinction accounting for sustainable development: A systematic literature review and future research directions

Abstract This paper seeks to present the first systematic literature review (SLR) on biodiversity and species extinction accounting publications This strand of research is gaining increased attention due to emerging scientific evidence that finds a relationship between the human destruction of biodiversity and the recent Covid-19 crisis, causing profound economic and health impacts This justifies the need for an SLR of 40 articles from 2013 to 2020 Descriptive results show research contributions peaked in 2018 with the most publications appearing in the Accounting, Auditing & Accountability Journal Results show legitimacy theory is the most applied theoretical framework with global studies and developed country specific research receiving the greatest attention In addition, content analysis is identified as the preferred research methodology Additionally, through synthesising and analysing literature, we provide potential opportunities for future research that is underexplored This paper will provide a valuable study for academics, policymakers and practitioners pursuing research in this field
Climate and habitat configuration limit range expansion and patterns of dispersal in a non‐native lizard

Abstract Invasive species are one of the main causes of biodiversity loss worldwide. As introduced, populations increase in abundance and geographical range, so does the potential for negative impacts on native communities. As such, there is a need to better understand the processes driving range expansion as species become established in recipient landscapes. Through an investigation into capacity for population growth and range expansion of introduced populations of a non‐native lizard (Podarcis muralis), we aimed to demonstrate how multi‐scale factors influence spatial spread, population growth, and invasion potential in introduced species. We collated location records of P. muralis presence in England, UK through data collected from field surveys and a citizen science campaign. We used these data as input for presence‐background models to predict areas of climate suitability at a national‐scale (5 km resolution), and fine‐scale habitat suitability at the local scale (2 m resolution). We then integrated local models into an individual‐based modeling platform to simulate population dynamics and forecast range expansion for 10 populations in heterogeneous landscapes. National‐scale models indicated climate suitability has restricted the species to the southern parts of the UK, primarily by a latitudinal cline in overwintering conditions. Patterns of population growth and range expansion were related to differences in local landscape configuration and heterogeneity. Growth curves suggest populations could be in the early stages of exponential growth. However, annual rates of range expansion are predicted to be low (5–16 m). We conclude that extensive nationwide range expansion through secondary introduction is likely to be restricted by currently unsuitable climate beyond southern regions of the UK. However, exponential growth of local populations in habitats providing transport pathways is likely to increase opportunities for regional expansion. The broad habitat niche of P. muralis, coupled with configuration of habitat patches in the landscape, allows populations to increase locally with minimal dispersal.