Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The influence of training status on the fatigue threshold and performance during high intensity exercise.

The influence of training status on the fatigue threshold and performance during high intensity exercise were studied in six endurance trained cyclists and seven recreationally students during 1 min anaerobic TT and 10 min aerobic TT. The peripheral fatigue was expressed as reduction in the potentiated single quadriceps twitch force (Qtw-pot) from baseline from pre to post cycling exercise measured with supra maximal femoral nerve electro stimulation. The central fatigue was estimated from voluntary activation (VA) using the superimposed twitch technique. The central motor drive (CMD) was estimated from quadriceps EMG (mean RMS normM). On different days, both groups performed two maximal cycle tests in the 1 min TT and the 10 min TT where each TT was repeated two times as test 1 and test 2 with neuromuscular assessment between tests. The reduction in Qtw-pot from baseline was not significant different from test 1 to test 2 (P<0.07) and indicate the fatigue threshold. The training status influence on the fatigue threshold and performance was the same for anaerobic 1 min TT and aerobic 10 min TT. The endurance-trained group had a lower reduction in Qtwpot from baseline that means a lower fatigue level on the fatigue threshold (P<0.01), a higher CMD (P<0.05) and higher power output (P<0.01) than the recreational group. The 1 min TT had a higher reduction in Qtw-pot and a higher level of fatigue on the fatigue threshold than the 10 min TT. The central fatigue increase from test 1 to test 2 and had higher influence on the aerobic 10 min TT than the anaerobic 1 min TT. The results show that quadriceps fatigue related to biochemical changes in the muscle and central fatigue related to decrease in VA was responsible for the fatigue threshold and decrease in performance. These findings show that training status have an influence on the fatigue threshold and performance where higher training status leads to higher fatigue threshold and performance.
Case report: Paralysis after epidural analgesia due to a hemorrhage of pure epidural venous hemangioma

Purpose To report a case of sudden paralysis after epidural analgesia to raise awareness of the condition and the importance of early identification and appropriate treatment of extradural venous angiomas. Clinical features A 28-year-old man with myofascial pain syndrome experienced paraplegia after receiving an epidural block for pain relief, which was later discovered to be caused by hemorrhage from extradural venous angiomas. Decompression surgery was performed immediately and successfully. A follow-up examination was performed 5 months after surgery. The patient reported improvement in urinary retention. The muscle strength in both his lower extremities had recovered to 4 out of 5 but still exhibited considerable residual spasticity. Conclusions Before administering epidural analgesia to relieve undetermined pain, it is prudent to carefully weigh potential benefits against potential risks to patient health to minimize the likelihood of complications.
FRI0596 Impact of Spatial Resolution on Size Quantification of Erosions in the Metacarpals: A Cadaver Study Comparing Clinical Whole Body Scanners with High Resolution Xtremect

Background Bone erosions are a characteristic of inflammatory joint disease although they are also found in the healthy elderly population. In order to correctly discriminate pathological bone erosions from normal physiological bone changes, it is important to use a high resolution imaging techniques. Hr-pQCT offers higher spatial resolution but whole body CT scanners are more widely available and offer faster scans times, larger anatomic coverage and improved patient comfort. So far a golden standard has not been established. Objectives To compare the performance of two imaging modalities – whole body clinical CT scanners (wbCT) versus high resolution peripheral QCT (hr-pQCT) to detect bone erosions and to quantify erosion size. Methods Left and right hands of 12 human cadavers (7 females, age 65-90y, mean 89y, cause of death diseases related to internal medicine or oncology) were scanned twice (with repositioning) with wbCT (Siemens Somatom Flash) using an extremity protocol (120 kV, 120 mAs, wrist UHR, U70, 0.5 mm slice thickness, FoV 135mm) and once with hr-pQCT (XtremeCT, Scanco Medical, Switzerland, isotropic voxel size of 80μm). The 300-400 slices of the hr-pQCT scan covered the metacarpal-phalangeal joints. Erosion detection by an expert rheumatologist was performed independently for both imaging modalities. Volume of the erosions detected in the hr-pQCT data sets was measured using MIAF-Finger. In short, first periosteal bone surface and then the volume of interest (VOI) covered by an erosion was segmented in the hr-pQCT data. In a second step the periosteal bone surface was rigidly registered to the wbCT scans. Erosions at corresponding locations were segmented independently in the wbCT scans to compare erosion volume between both modalities. Results 3 hr-pQCT scans were excluded from analysis due to inadequate scan range. In 11 cadavers a total of 93 erosions were found in the HR-pQCT scans. Nine of these could not be segmented in at least one of the two wbCT scans due to small volume or small cortical break. For the remaining 85 erosions correlation of volume between the repeat wbCT scans and between wbCT and hr-pQCT is shown in the figure. Conclusions It is unknown which erosions were related to inflammation. Correlation of erosion volume between the two modalities was high, although as expected wbCT underestimated volume by about 30%. Large discrepancies in size were detected for example if two erosions close together but still separated appeared as one larger erosion in the lower resolution wbCT images. Detectability of erosions still has to be compared between the two modalities. The preliminary results however are promising that by applying high-resolution extremity protocol, wbCT may be used for erosion detection, if HR-pQCT is not available. Disclosure of Interest None declared
Značajnost procjene boli radi poboljšanja stupnja kvalitete zdravstvene njege Significance of pain assessment for the purpose of improving the level of health care quality

Background: Accurate assessment of the degree of pain is important for the implementation of quality health care. Insufficient level of training of health professionals on the assessment of pain could be a cause for poor quality of health care. The purpose of the study is to determine whether the medical staff has a sufficient level of knowledge to assess degree of pain and to use personal assessment in everyday practice. Method: For the purpose of this study we used an original questionnaire. The study was conducted in a medical institution in Republic Slovenia. The study included 100 patients and satisfactory completed questionnaires were returned from 82 patients. To determine the statistical significance we used t-test. Results: The level of education of medical staff [r = 0.314, p < 0.001 ] and selfassessment activities for the purpose of treating pain [ r = 0.245, p < 0.001 ] were significantly associated with the level of quality of care. Discussion: Knowledge of nurses contributes to accurate assessment of pain, which helps to control pain intensity. Also, international research shows that it is necessary to give priority to the treatment of chronic pain in a clinical setting. The results of this research may lead to the development and implementation of ongoing training programs for employees, that are based on the evidence in the areas of pain. It is known that nurses need appropriate knowledge, skills, attitudes and team collaboration in the treatment of pain that can effectively contribute to the comfort of the patient.
A review of neural-fuzzy controllers for robotic manipulators

This paper presents a literature search on the development of three main approaches-namely neural networks, fuzzy logic and a combination of neural networks and fuzzy logic (neural-fuzzy)-for the intelligent control of robotic manipulators. The conventional computed torque method is first reviewed and its disadvantages highlighted. Several schemes using neural networks are then presented and compared. The characteristics of using neural networks are summarised. Next, the paper reviews and compares the features, strengths and weaknesses of three schemes of fuzzy logic controllers. The common drawbacks of using fuzzy logic are also highlighted. Finally, an approach which fuses fuzzy logic and neural networks is discussed.
Electron microscopic appearance of the chronic Campylobacter jejuni enteritis of mice.

: Campylobacter jejuni is a major cause of human enteritis which mimics the inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). In this study, microstructural changes on the surfaces of the murine gastrointestinal tract persistently colonized by Campylobacter jejuni, strain GJ-S131, were investigated by using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The results revealed that the appearance of the gastrointestinal mucosa in both BALB/C and KM mice resembled that in human with inflammatory bowel disease. Under SEM, the mucosa of the jejunum and ileum, with broken or distorted villi had a "worm eaten" look; crypts were irregular in shape and size, and the mucosa showed atrophy, especially in the colon. Epithelial junctions demonstrated furrows, clefts or deep crevasses, with exudates containing a large number of leukocytes. Cytologic appearances were characterized by microvilli dysplasia and/or atrophy, patchy erosions or necrosis and pelade-like appearance due to absence of microvilli, which were similar to the findings under TEM.
Incidence, Cause, and Severity of Anaphylaxis; Quinine and Quinidine Thrombocytopenia; Ephedra-Associated Cardiomyopathy; Seizures Caused by Hydrocortisone; Paroxetine-Induced Hyponatremia; Heparin-Induced Hyponatremia

The purpose of this feature is to heighten awareness of specific adverse drug reactions (ADRs), to discuss methods of prevention, and to promote reporting of ADRs to the FDA's medWatch program (800-FDA-1088). If you have reported an interesting preventable ADR to medWatch, please consider sharing the account with our readers.
It was 20 years ago today

Less than an hour after this summer's Live 8 concert, which Paul McCartney opened with the title track to the Classic " Sergeant Pepper's Lonely Hearts Club Band " , Universal issued it as a digital single. Mind you, you won't find the original version, or any other Beatles track, on iTunes or any of the other online digital music services. Twenty years ago today, pre-Live Aid (the original one) you wouldn't find any songs online. In fact, it used to be so simple – to enjoy entertainment, that is. You could turn on the TV and take your pick from four channels (Channel 4 had just arrived in 1982). You could listen to one of a handful of radio stations. You could put on an album or cassette or watch a video. That was pretty much it, unless you were one of the early adopters who had a CD player. Fast forward to today. Now it's not quite so simple. In fact, for many people it's becoming downright confusing. With the advent of satellite there are more TV channels than it's possible to watch, and there are radio stations catering for every taste. Unfortunately that keeps Chris Moyles in a job, but you can't have everything . Want to watch a movie? If it's not available on VOD (video on demand) or sitting on your DVR (digital video recorder), then take your pick between VHS and DVD. If you're on the move, you might be able to watch it on a portable DVD player, PSP (PlayStation Portable), Portable Media Centre or your mobile while you sit on a train or plane. Expect a Video iPod in the not-too-distant future. Want to listen to your favourite music? Where do you want to listen? On your hi-fi? Your computer? Your television? Maybe you want to listen while you're on the move? Choose between your iPod, MP3 player, portable CD, minidisc player or mobile (again). The choice is increasing all the time. Meanwhile there's a whole gaming culture that didn't even exist twenty years ago. Over 45% of UK homes have a games console such as a PlayStation or Xbox. Now go back to the 80's, and consider how consumers purchased entertainment. TV was free apart from the license fee – remember the constant reminders that there was a TV License Detector Van lurking on every corner? (Someone once told me that …
Effective Use of Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) and Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) for Detection of Herpes Simplex Virus Infection in Pregnant Females at Sohag University Hospital

Background: Infection with herpes simplex virus is one of the most common sexually transmitted infections. Because the infection is common in women of reproductive age it can be contracted and transmitted to the fetus during pregnancy and the newborn, which can lead to death or long-term disabilities. Objectives: The aim of our study was to detect the seroprevalence of Herpes Simplex Virus infection in pregnant females at Sohag University Hospital using Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) confirmed by Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) as well as the fetal outcome of infected women in comparison with healthy. Methodology: The study was carried out on 60 pregnant women attending the Obestetric and Gynacology department of Sohag University Hospital fulfilled the inclusion criteria. They were screened for type specific HSV antibodies (HSV-1 IgG and IgM, HSV-2 IgG and IgM) using Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA). For IgM positive cases, HSV DNA was detected by Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR). Blood samples were collected from all the participants after written informed consent. Univariate and multivariate analysis were performed to identify the risk factors associated with HSV positivity. Results: ELISA test for HSV-1 antibodies revealed 14 (23.33%) cases positive for IgM and 44 (73.33%) cases positive for IgG antibodies. For HSV-2 antibodies there were 4 (6.67%) cases positive for IgM and 38 (63.33%) cases positive for IgG antibodies. By PCR HSV-DNA was detected in 14 (77.77%) of the 18 ELISA positive cases representing (23.33%) of the studied populations. Conclusion: According to our study overall prevalence of HSV infection among pregnant women in Sohag University Hospital is about 23%, mostly due to HSV-1.
YOĞUN BAKIMDA MEKANİK VENTİLASYON UYGULANAN HASTALARDA PROPOFOL İLE SEDASYONUN HEMODİNAMİK VE METABOLİK ETKİLERİ

Bu calismada reanimasyon klinigimizdeki mekanik ventilasyon uygulanan 10 hastada propofol sedasyonunun hastalardaki oksijen sunumu, oksijen tuketimi, metabolik hiz ve hemodinamik parametreler uzerine olan etkilerini arastirdik. Metabolik hiz 24 saatte istirahat sartlarinda organizmanin tukettigi enerji miktari ile yakindan iliskiiidir. Hastalarin gunluk metabolik hizinin hesaplanmasinda ampirik formuller, oksijen tuketiminin olcumu ve indirekt kalorimetri kullanilabilmektedir. Calisma grubumuz akut solunum yetmezligi nedeniyle kurarize, mekanik ventilasyon uygulanan ve sedasyon gereksinimi olan hastalardan olusturuldu. Tum hastalar radyal arter ve pulmoner arter kateteri yerlestirilerek monitorize edildi. Arteriyel ve mikst venoz kan gazi analizleri yapildi, sonuclari kaydedildikten sonra, termodilusyon yontemiyle kardiyak debi olculerek sistemik vaskuler rezistans (SVR), pulmoner vaskuler rezistans (PVR), arteriyel oksijen icerigi (CaO? ), mikst venoz oksijen icerigi (CvO2), oksijen sunumu (DO2), oksijen tuketimi (VO2), arteriyovenoz oksijen icerik farki (a-v DO2) ve enerji tuketimi (EE) degerlen hesaplandi. Propofol infuzyonu oncesindeki bu degerler kontrol degerleri olarak kaydedildi. 1 mg/kg bolus doz propofol verilmesinden sonra, 2 mg/kg/sa. infuzyona baslandi. Infuzyon sirasinda 30-60-120-180-300. dk' larda belirtilen olcumler bes kez tekrarlandi. Olcum sonuclarinin ortalama±SEM deger/erindeki degisim istatistiksel olarak varyans analizi ve Neuman Keuls yontemi ile degerlendirildi, p
Status and opportunities for future use of terahertz radiation for clinical applications

Abstract: An overview of terahertz (THz) development is presented in view of possible medical applications, including details of the current technologies which could be effectively used. Although no clinical THz technologies are currently in use, its principal applicability has been already demonstrated in skin cancer detection and treatment, dental caries detection and pharmaceutical screening. Fundamental limitations of THz studies are highlighted which have to be overcome before clinical applications can be realized.
The impact of IoT on prevention, assistance, detection and rehabilitation of patients with cognitive impairment: a review.

his article presents a review about the impact that the smart devices in the framework of the IoT have in the diagnosis and rehabilitation of patients with cognitive impairment. The work is based on a review of papers obtained by means of the principal data bases as IEEEXplore, SCOPUS, Springer Link y NCBI. According to the information obtained, a reflection about adult population all araund the world was made, and for this reason, it is necessary to implement tools in order to help the patients in his ordinary life. It is also is necessary to consider the interest to carry out early diagnosis of diseases such as Alzheimer and Dementia in order to apply prevenient therapies to avoid the long term cognitive impairment. There are many possibilities, in terms of research and development of software and smart devices based on IoT, to contribute with the detection and treatment of these patients.
Physiological Characteristics of Champion Synchronized Swimmers

In brief: Data on body composition, metabolic responses to a maximal treadmill run, postexercise blood lactate, pulmonary function, flexibility, and isokinetic work were obtained in 13 champion synchronized swimmers. Metabolic responses to a maximal tethered swimming test were obtained on four of the subjects. The synchronized swimmers were similar to nonathletic women in percent fat(24.0) and were only slightly different in V o2 max(43.2 ml· kg−1-min−1). The postexercise blood lactate of 101.7 mg/100 ml was comparable to values reported for female competitive swimmers. Results suggest that success in synchronized swimming is not heavily dependent on aerobic capacity, although participants in solo and duet events tended to have higher Vo2 max values.
HIV Infection and its Implications for Palliative Care in South Africa

The HIV/AIDS pandemie, although global in distribution, has wreaked its maximum devastation in Sub-Saharan Africa. South Africa is a developed 'first world' country, seemingly prosperous with a strong infrastructure, yet it harbours 'third world' poverty. The apartheid govemment ended eight years ago and the country is still in dire need of economie growth to integrate and educate. A large, diverse nation with a multicultural population, South Africa is reported to have more of its citizens infected with the virus than any other in the world, with an estimated 50% of new HIV infections occurring in South Africa. Of the 44 million infections worldwide, over 80% of the new infections occur in this region. Latest estimates of HIV prevalence show that 4.7 million South Africans were infected by the end of 2000 (up from 4.2 million in 1999 figures from the South African Department of Health). Unless an effective response to the epidemie is developed, projections are that by 20 l 0, average life expectancy will fall by more than 20 years, with over a million children orphaned. Through decades of colonialism and apartheid, two contrasting societies developed: one highly developed, educated and relatively weil off, the other underdeveloped, illiterate and poor. With the relentless spread of the disease, the current problems of widespread poverty, homelessness and illiteracy promise to expand exponentially. In addition, there is a two-tiered healthcare system, one private, relatively weil equipped and servicing the weil off, and one public, poorly equipped and under-serviced providing care for the remainder of the population. Despite a high concem about HIV 1 AIDS, there continues to be widespread ignorance of the disease, one's HIV status and gaps in HIV/AIDS knowledge. Numerous factors play a role in the South African context, namely: i) Economie marginalisation Few prospects of formai sector employment, with high unemployment figures • Short-term survival strategies e.g. sex workers, street children and proliferation of crime
Changes in characteristics of women who smoke during pregnancy: Missouri, 1978-88.

: The Missouri birth certificate has had a question, "cigarettes smoked per day? " since 1978; the current data base contains more than 800,000 records. A comparison of the Missouri data for married mothers with the National Natality Survey (NNS) data shows mainly consistent findings between the two data sets. The Missouri data, however, also provided information on the smoking status during pregnancy of unmarried women that is not available from the NNS. The Missouri data show a substantial difference in the smoking rates of married (23.2 percent) and unmarried (40.9 percent) women. The highest smoking rates during pregnancy are found among unmarried women, ages 20-24, with less than a high-school education, and those with a fourth or higher order child. There has been a relatively small overall drop in the smoking rate from 1978-80 to 1986-88 (31.1 percent versus 27.5 percent). However, blacks and teenagers have had very substantial drops in smoking rates. There has been only a slight decrease for other high-risk groups such as white unmarried women, women with less than a high-school education, and those having a fourth or higher order birth. Missouri started using the new national standard birth certificate in 1989 with a differently worded smoking question. The percentage of women smoking and those smoking less than one pack per day in 1989 went down more than would be expected from the trend data. It appears that the new birth certificate question will provide a lower estimate of the percentage of mothers who smoke cigarettes than was acquired from the previous version on the Missouri certificate. The births in Missouri for which mothers' rate of smoking was unknown increased nearly fourfold to 0.9 percent.
Otoacoustic emissions in otologic practice

Otoacoustic emissions offer the clinician a number of advantages as objective measures of the peripheral processing of sound. A great number of studies over the past few years have shown that evoked emissions are helpful in the screening of cochlear function in infants and young children, in the diagnosis of sensorineural hearing loss, and in the monitoring of outer hair cell activity in special subpopulations of critically ill patients and noise-exposed industrial workers. The focus of the present report is to review the benefits of evoked-emissions testing that can be realized in the practice of otology and/or neurotology