Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Mammalian Feeding Motor Patterns1

Abstract Both the anatomy and function of the mammalian masticatory system have attracted substantial interest. This review will discuss the general mammalian feeding patterns. An overview will be given of the evolutionary development and ontogeny of these patterns, the influence of occlusal forces, and recent developments in computer modeling. In mammals, basic symmetrical food transport cycles have been described for lapping and soft food ingestion. To increase chewing efficiency, a unilateral occlusal motion has been evolved replacing the slow closing phase in the basic cycle. The relative uniformity of the mammalian jaw-closer motor patterns during this chewing behavior, as characterized by electromyography (EMG), is striking. Nevertheless, several adaptations, clearly different from the primitive mammalian asymmetric masticatory motor pattern, can be distinguished. In contrast to the relative uniformity in motor patterns, the anatomical diversity of jaw systems is impressive and probably reflects the adaptation to diet. Detailed studies on the influence of occlusal force have been performed in the last decade. Data suggest that the masticatory cycles are largely shaped by sensory feedback. Also, the suckling food intake preceding mastication has been a point of interest. The suckling motor pattern resembles that of mastication, suggesting that the transition could be gradual during postnatal development. Recently, dynamic computer 3D-modeling has emerged as an analytical tool. The approach has the potential to help explain how structure and function interact.
Handwritten Arabic Alphanumeric Character Recognition using BP and SOFM NeuralNetworks

This paper presents results obtained by applying two neural networks models Backpropagation (BP), and Self-Organized Feature Map (SOFM) to a new application of handwritten Arabic alphanumeric character (HAAC) recognition. A novel method for features extraction, based on a shadow projection is used. Both networks are trained using Arabic character samples written by different people (learning set). They are required, after the learning is over, to recognize characters out of the learning set. Evaluation of the recognition (classification) capability of the two models for 28 alphanumeric characters is achieved. Depending on the experimental results, a comparison of both algorithms is done.
Konzeption und Realisierung eines Mobile Serious Game für akustische Lokalisation

Die raumliche Zuordnung von Gerauschen ist eine wichtige Fahigkeit des menschlichen Horsystems. Vor allem altere Personen leiden haufig an Krankheiten, die diese Fahigkeit einschranken. Tinnitus, ein mogliches Symptom solcher Krankheiten, ist in Industriestaaten weit verbreitet. Durch die alter werdende Bevolkerung wird es immer wichtiger, neue Methoden fur die Behandlung zu finden. Da innerhalb der letzten Jahre ein enormer Anstieg der Nutzung von mobilen Geraten stattfand, erforscht die Medizin, welche neuen Moglichkeiten durch diese Entwicklung entstehen. Ziel dieser Arbeit ist die Realisierung einer mobilen Applikation, mit der die akustische Lokalisationsfahigkeit von Menschen getestet werden kann. Die dafur zu erstellende Applikation besteht aus drei verschiedenen Modi, die dreidimensionale Tone simulieren. Dadurch soll die Fahigkeit des Richtungshorens in unterschiedlichen Situationen getestet werden konnen. Nach einer Erklarung des Symptoms Tinnitus erfolgt die Vorstellung eingesetzter Technologien (Sensoren, HRTF) und Frameworks (Web Audio API, Ionic 2, Angular, Cordova). Daraufhin wird die zu entwickelnde Applikation mit ihrer Benutzeroberflache konzipiert und anschliesend deren Umsetzung in Ionic 2 dokumentiert.
Modificación de los niveles de burnout y de personalidad resistente en un grupo de deportistas a través de un programa de conciencia plena (mindfulness)

En este estudio se analizan los efectos que un programa de meditacion para el entrenamiento y desarrollo de la conciencia plena (mindfulness) puede tener sobre los niveles de burnout y de personalidad resistente en un grupo de deportistas. Para ello, se conto con la participacion de un grupo experimental que recibio dicha intervencion en conciencia plena, y un grupo control que no fue sometido a dicha intervencion, realizandose en ambos grupos tres medidas de las respectivas variables (pretest-postest-seguimiento). Los analisis realizados muestran la existencia de diferencias estadisticamente significativas entre el grupo experimental y el grupo control en las variables estudiadas una vez finalizado el programa de intervencion. Concretamente, se obtuvo una mejora significativa en el grupo experimental respecto al grupo control en las tres dimensiones que evaluan la personalidad resistente (control, compromiso y reto), y en dos de las tres dimensiones que componen el burnout deportivo (escasa realizacion personal y agotamiento emocional). Dichas diferencias se mantuvieron cinco meses despues de finalizada la intervencion.
Una aproximació metodològica en la diagnosi socioambiental de l'ús recreatiu, esportiu i turístic dels espais naturals protegits. El cas de la reserva del congost de Mont-rebei

El coneixement detallat dels principals factors implicats en la gestio recreativa, esportiva i/o turistica de qualsevol tipus d'espai natural protegit pot contribuir al desenvolupament de diferents estrategies de gestio que afavoreixin una gestio equilibrada entre la conservacio d'aquests espais i l'us public o social que se'n fa. L'avaluacio de les consequencies ambientals i socials derivades de l'gsmentat us poden facilitar al gestor o a l'equip gestor d'aquest tipus d'espais la informacio requerida en l'aplicacio de determinades estrategies de gestio que previnguin o disminueixin l'impacte ambiental negatiu sense perjudicar la qualitat de l'experiencia recreativa dels visitants. En aquest article, es proposa un enfocament metodologic de diagnosi socioambiental mitjancant el qual son abordats la major part dels principals factors implicats en la gestio recreativa d'aquest tipus d'espais. Aixi mateix, s'exposen els resultats mes rellevants obtinguts en el diagnostic socioambiental de la reserva del congost de Mont-rebei (Lleida), a fi de valorar l'aplicabilitat d'aquesta metodologia sobre la planificacio i la gestio recreativa d'aquest espai natural protegit tan emblematic del territori catala.
Java/MP : a multiparadigm programming language

In this report we present Java/MP, a multiparadigm language designed as an extension to Java. Java/MP is an upward compatible superset of Java and incorporates the object oriented, functional and logical paradigms. Java/MP programs are compatible with the standard Java virtual machine. Many of the ideas in Java/MP have been borrowed from an earlier multiparadigm language Leda which is based on Pascal. One of the objectives in the design of Java/MP was to add as few features as possible and make the extensions feel natural and evolutionary. A prototype compiler was developed as part of this project. Java/MP is currently implemented as a preprocessor that translates Java/MP code into pure Java. This report describes the features new to Java/MP and also the translation techniques used by the prototype compiler. We will also take a look at some sample programs written in Java/MP.
In Praise of Incidental Learning: Lessons from Some Empirical Findings on Language Acquisition. Report Series 4.9.

Last June I had the honor of joining long-time colleague Warwick Elley as a presenter at the Second International Conference on Functional Literacy in Noordwijerhout, The Netherlands. Dr. Elley is Emeritus Professor of Education at the University of Canterbury in New Zealand, where for many years he has conducted research into the acquisition of literacy skills among first and second language learners. He has investigated, among other things, how both children and adults acquire and use elements of language such as vocabulary and grammar.
Data and metadata requirements for building a real-time database to perform revisions analysis

Many macroeconomic variables published at sub-annual frequency are revised back in time whenever new data are released or when substantial increases of the information set on which they are built up become available. Undertaking revisions analysis 2 allows both users and producers of these statistics the opportunity to study the magnitude and direction of revisions. This is an important element for understanding the quality of the published statistics and for interpreting the figures when analysing the current state of the economy.
Longest Prefix Match and Incremental Updates for Range Tries

Address lookup has become a major bottleneck in the performance of today's network routers with rapid increase in the urge for faster and high bandwidth communication. The most crucial metrics for a lookup algorithm being lookup speed, scalability and memory usage, the Range Trie algorithm provided the much needed solution to the diminishing benefits of the current address lookup algorithms. The proposed design provides Longest Prefix Match and Incremental Update support to the existing Range Trie method. The design offers faster update rates maintaining the inherent properties of the Range Trie with increasing address width and routing table size. The design only requires D memory accesses for address lookup and 4*D memory accesses(2*D read and 2*D write) for an update operation where D=depth of the tree. Each update operation requires a bubble of 4 cycles in the pipeline. The pipelined hardware design is prototyped on a Xilinx ML410 Embedded development platform(Virtex4 XC4VFX60). The Range Trie 90-nm ASIC implementation can perform 630 million lookups with no updates and more than 625 million lookups with up to 1 Million updates per second. The Range Trie design outperforms the existing designs showing better scalability and performance with minimum resource requirements.
SECURITY PITFALLS IN CRYPTOGRAPHY

But reality isn’t that simple. Longer keys don’t always mean more security. Compare the cryptographic algorithm to the lock on your front door. Most door locks have four metal pins, each of which can be in one of ten positions. A key sets the pins in a particular configuration. If the key aligns them all correctly, then the lock opens. So there are only 10,000 possible keys, and a burglar willing to try all 10,000 is guaranteed to break into your house. But an improved lock with ten pins, making 10 billion possible keys, probably won’t make your house more secure. Burglars don’t try every possible key (a bruteforce attack); most aren’t even clever enough to pick the lock (a cryptographic attack against the algorithm). They smash windows, kick in doors, disguise themselves as policemen, or rob keyholders at gunpoint. One ring of art thieves in California defeated home security systems by taking a chainsaw to the house walls. Better locks don’t help against these attacks.
Real-time acquisition and rendering of large 3D models

The digitization of the 3D shape of real objects is a rapidly expanding field, with applications in entertainment, design, and manufacturing. In order for 3D scanning to become more commonplace, methods are needed for quickly and robustly acquiring full geometric models of complex objects. This dissertation describes a scanning system that allows a user to rotate an object by hand and see a continuously-updated model as the object is scanned. This allows the user to see and fill holes in the model, and determine when the object has been completely covered. The system consists of three components. First, it incorporates a new design for a structured-light range scanner capable of returning the shape of a moving object, as seen from one viewpoint, at a rate of 60 Hz. Next, the range images returned by this scanner are continuously aligned to each other using a variant of the Iterated Closest Points (ICP) algorithm. An analysis of the stages of the ICP pipeline suggests that a combination of variants, including projectionbased matching and point-to-plane minimization, is suitable for real-time use. Finally, the aligned range data is merged into a discretized voxel grid, and point (splat) rendering is used to provide a real-time display of the partial 3D model. Given the increasing capabilities of range scanning systems such as the above, traditional algorithms for display, simplification, and progressive transmission of meshes are too slow to be practical. QSplat is a multiresolution point rendering system capable of displaying scanned meshes containing hundreds of millions of range samples at interactive rates. It uses a single bounding sphere data structure for view frustum culling, backface culling, level-of-detail control, and splat rendering. The system may also be extended to progressive view-dependent transmission of large 3D models across a network of limited bandwidth.
Plain English for Lawyers

We lawyers cannot write plain English. We use eight words to say what could be said in two. We use old, arcane phrases to express commonplace ideas. Seeking to be precise, we become redundant. Seeking to be cautious, we become verbose. Our sentences twist on, phrase within clause within clause, glazing the eyes and numbing the minds of our readers. The result is a writing style that has, according to one critic, four outstanding characteristics. It is: "(1) wordy, (2) unclear, (3) pompous, and (4) dull. "' Criticism of lawyers' writing is nothing new. In 1596 an English chancellor decided to make an example of a particularly prolix document filed in his court. The chancellor first ordered a hole cut through the center of the document, all 120 pages of it. Then he ordered that the person who wrote it should have his head stuffed through the hole, and the unfortunate fellow was led around to be exhibited to all those attending court at Westminster Hall.2 When the common law was transplanted to America, the writing style of the old English lawyers came with it. In 1817 Thomas Jefferson lamented that in drafting statutes his fellow lawyers were accustomed to "making every other word a 'said' or 'aforesaid,' and saying everything over two or three times, so that nobody but we of the craft can untwist the diction, and find out what it means. "3
Tubos de hueso de ave como implementos chamánicos en el Desierto de Atacama, Siglos XI-XV

* Jose Berenguer, Departamento Curatorial, Museo Chileno de Arte Precolombino, Casilla 3687, Santiago de Chile, email: jberenguer@museoprecolombino.cl** Nieves Acevedo, Area de Antropologia, Museo Nacional de Historia Natural, Casilla 787, Correo Central, Santiago de Chile, email: nieves.acevedo@mnhn.clRecibido: agosto de 2014. Aceptado: febrero de 2015.
Fundamentals of Digital Logic with VHDL Design with CD-ROM

Fundamentals of Digital Logic With VHDL Design teaches the basic design techniques for logic circuits. It emphasizes the synthesis of circuits and explains how circuits are implemented in real chips. Fundamental concepts are illustrated by using small examples, which are easy to understand. Then, a modular approach is used to show how larger circuits are designed. VHDL is used to demonstrate how the basic building blocks and larger systems are defined in a hardware description language, producing designs that can be implemented with modern CAD tools. The book emphasizes the concepts that should be covered in an introductory course on logic design, focusing on: Logic functions, gates, and rules of Boolean algebra Circuit synthesis and optimization techniques Number representation and arithmetic circuits Combinational-circuit building blocks, such as multiplexers, decoders, encoders, and code converters Sequential-circuit building blocks, such as flip-flops, registers, and counters Design of synchronous sequential circuits Use of the basic building blocks in designing larger systems It also includes chapters that deal with important, but more advanced topics: Design of asynchronous sequential circuits Testing of logic circuits For students who have had no exposure to basic electronics, but are interested in learning a few key concepts, there is a chapter that presents the most basic aspects of electronic implementation of digital circuits. Major changes in the second edition of the book include new examples to clarify the presentation of fundamental concepts over 50 new examples of solved problems provided at the end of chapters NAND and NOR gates now introduced in Chapter 2 more complete discussion of techniques for minimization of logic functions in Chapter 4 (including the tabular method) a new chapter explaining the CAD flow for synthesis of logic circuits Altera's Quartus II CAD software provided on a CD-ROM three appendices that give tutorials on the use of Quartus II software Table of contents 1 Design Concepts 2 Introduction to Logic Circuits 3 Implementation Technology 4 Optimized Implementation of Logic Functions 5 Number Representation and Arithmetic Circuits 6 Combinational-Circuit Building Blocks 7 Flip-Flops, Registers, Counters, and a Simple Processor 8 Synchronous Sequential Circuits 9 Asynchronous Sequential Circuits 10 Digital System Design 11 Testing of Logic Circuits 12 Computer Aided Design Tools Appendix A VHDL Reference Appendix B Tutorial 1 - Using Quartus II CAD Software Appendix C Tutorial 2 - Implementing Circuits in Altera Devices Appendix D Tutorial 3 - Physical Implementations in a PLD Appendix D Commercial Devices
Autenticação de redes Wi-Fi recorrendo ao DNSSEC

In Wi-Fi networks was identified the lack of rules as being a problem, actually there is no rule that prevents the network administrator from setting the same Service Set IDentifier (SSID) that the neighborhood network has already set, well maybe only the rule good sense. Other of the problems that was identified, consisted in bad administrative measures by the station users, that prefer to don’t install Certification Authority (CA) certificate, and prefer instead to ignore the verification of the CA certificate. This fact alone constitute an insecure autentication, and makes possible to the station to suffer various kinds of attacks. Was based on the problems above mentioned that this work was initiated, it has the theme “Autenticacao de redes Wi-Fi recorrendo ao DNSSEC”. In this sense, the main guideline objective of this work is to implement and design a security solution that allows stations 802.11 to correctly identify Wi-Fi networks with authentication servers in order to prevent attacks from forged networks without the user having to enter any information beyond the SSID. The present work, consists in two parts, in the first part the Wi-Fi Protected Access (WPA) supplicant was altered and configured to authenticate in Wi-Fi networks with a global SSID. In the second part, the needed changes were performed so that a ScalSec authentication could occur, this will allow to verify the validity of the CA certificates using the Domain Name System Security Extensions (DNSSEC). The solutions were not radical, it must allow other authentication protocols occur, in a clean and safe manner. In order to achieve the second objective, various authentication protocols could had be chosen, but in this case, the choosed method was the EAP-PEAP, which uses during the authentication process, certificates, this guarantees the server validity to the user and also ensures the confidentiality of the transmited data. The problem with the currents solutions is the need of having a CA root certificate. Or the CA root certificate, is signed and validated by a trusted entities, which has its costs, or it has to be locally installed on all customers who want to use the service. Finally, in order to verify this new authentication approach a set of machines was setuped wich allowed to demonstrate and validate this solution. It was developed a set of scripts and programs that facilitate the configuration process, making it transparent to the network administrator.
A Forest of Kings: The Untold Story of the Ancient Maya

The mystique of the pre-Columbian Maya has prompted much speculation about the nature of this sophisticated people. With the breaking of their elaborate hieroglyphic code, Schele and Freidel, Mayan scholars of note, provide a new look at the Maya. Structured on sound scholarly principles, their presentation abounds in notes, references, indexes, and chronologies with profuse line-drawings of temple and other inscriptions. They devote a chapter to each of the major Mayan city-states. What makes this volume more accessible and of greater impact than the average scholarly study are the frequent vignettes of great events, kingly acts, etc., told dramatically, in a fictive but plausible style that allows the ancient Maya at last to speak for themselves. Recommended for informed laypersons, as well as specialist and young adult readers.
Artistic Data Visualization and Assessment in Art Education

Supplementary material for this article can be found online at http://www.press. uillinois.edu/journals/var/media/43.1/taylor/index.html. Comprehensively representing learning and knowing in visual arts education continues to be a challenge to the field. In this article, the author shares experiences, possibilities, and implications related to data/artistic visualization and assessment in art education.
Diseño de una Antena Leaky-Wave reconfigurable electrónicamenteen tecnología de guía de onda integrada en sustrato

El presente trabajo muestra los ultimos avances en el campo de las antenas reconfigurables obtenidos por el Grupo de Electromagnetismo Aplicado a las Telecomunicaciones (GEAT). El paper presenta una novedosa antena leaky-wave (LWA) reconfigurable, disenada en una tecnologia planar de bajo coste denominada guia de onda integrada en sustrato (SIW). La antena se basa en el control electronico de los modos de fuga excitados en la estructura, permitiendo controlar simultaneamente la direccion y el ancho de haz del lobulo principal de radiacion. En el trabajo se describen la metodologia de analisis modal y se muestran resultados de simulacion obtenidos a partir del diseno realizado para una frecuencia de operacion de 5.5GHz
Teaching Angles by Abstraction from Physical Activities with Concrete Materials.

An angles teaching sequence was designed, in which students were guided to abstract a general concept from physical activities with concrete materials. The three design principles used were familiarity, similarity recognition, and reification. The resulting teaching sequence was tested in a field study involving 25 teachers of Grades 3-4. The data collected demonstrate the significance of the three design principles, and the results from pre and post assessment interviews provide evidence for the overall effectiveness of the lesson sequence. Also earlier findings that angle is a multifaceted concept which is difficult to learn are supported.
API Requirements for Dynamic Graph Prediction

Given a large-scale time-evolving multi-modal and multi-relational complex network (a.k.a., a large-scale dynamic semantic graph), we want to implement algorithms that discover patterns of activities on the graph and learn predictive models of those discovered patterns. This document outlines the application programming interface (API) requirements for fast prototyping of feature extraction, learning, and prediction algorithms on large dynamic semantic graphs. Since our algorithms must operate on large-scale dynamic semantic graphs, we have chosen to use the graph API developed in the CASC Complex Networks Project. This API is supported on the back end by a semantic graph database (developed by Scott Kohn and his team). The advantages of using this API are (i) we have full-control of its development and (ii) the current API meets almost all of the requirements outlined in this document.