Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Mathematical Methods for studying DNA and Protein Interactions

Deoxyribnucleic Acid (DNA) damage can lead to health related issues such as developmental disorders, aging, and cancer. It has been estimated that damage rates may be as high as 105 per cell per day. Because of the devastating effects that DNA damage can have, DNA repair mechanisms are of great interest yet are not completely understood. To gain a better understanding of possible DNA repair mechanisms, my dissertation focused on mathematical methods for understanding the interactions between DNA and proteins. I developed a damaged DNA model to estimate the probabilities of damaged DNA being located at specific positions. Experiments were then performed that suggested that the damaged DNA may be repositioned. These experimental results were consistent with the model’s prediction that damaged DNA has preferred locations. To study how proteins might be moving along the DNA, I studied the use of the uniform motion “n-step” model. The n-step model has been used to determine the kinetics parameters (e.g. rates at which a protein moves along the DNA, how much energy is required to move a protein along a specified amount of DNA, etc.) of proteins moving along the DNA. Monte Carlo methods were used to simulate proteins moving with different types of non-uniform motion (e.g. backward, jumping, etc.) along the DNA. Estimates for the kinetics parameters in the n-step model were found by fitting of the Monte Carlo simulation data. Analysis indicated that non-uniform motion of the protein may lead to over or underestimation of the kinetic parameters of this n-step model.
Thermo-Physiological Comfort Properties of P/B Blended Suiting Fabrics

In this work ,The thermal comfort properties of polyester and bamboo blended woven fabrics have been studied in relation to %of component fibers in blends ,pick density and weave . The objective was to determine the influence of fabric factors such as the constituent fibers ,pick density and weave characteristics on the fabrics properties such as air permeability ,relative water vapour permeability ,thermal resistance ,water absorbency time and wicking . thermal comfort characteristics of plain and twill woven fabrics made of 2/30s Ne bamboo in warp and 30s Ne 100% bamboo ,polyester/bamboo blended yarns have been studied . The fabric characteristics such as air permeability ,thermal resistance ,relative water vapour permeability ,water absorbency time and wicking related to comfort characteristics are discussed. The experimental results show that 2/30s ne bamboo in warp direction of twill fabrics with 60picks per inch exhibits higher wick ability as well as higher relative water vapour permeability when compared to other samples. 30s Ne polyester/bamboo (70/30) blended in weft direction of twill fabrics with 64 picks per inch show very higher thermal resistances and air permeability than other samples . And 100% bamboo in warp direction of twill fabrics with 60picks per inch show less water absorbency time than other samples.
Level of Electrical Energy Management Practice Awareness Among Residents in Niger State, Nigeria

The study investigated the level of electrical energy management practices awareness among residents in Niger State, Nigeria. The study adopted Cross Sectional Survey Research Design. The population of the study was made up of 191,416 heads of households in residential buildings that are connected to the distribution network in 25 Local Government areas of Niger State. The sample for the study consisted of 1,290 heads of households in residential buildings, drawn through Multistage Sampling Techniques. Three research questions were formulated to guide the study. The instrument used for data collection was a structured questionnaire. Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS version 19) was used for data analysis. Mean and Standard Deviation were used to answer the research questions. The finding of the study shows that, residents in Niger State were somehow aware of electrical energy management practices in lighting, cooling and heating systems and the use of electric motors. Based on these findings, the following recommendations were made: Electricity Management Board in collaboration with Energy Commission of Nigeria and Center for Energy Efficiency and Conservation should jointly organize public enlightenment campaigns to promote awareness on electrical energy management practices in lighting, cooling and heating systems and the use of electric motors.
Optimization of Structure of Solar Cells Based on Lead Perovskites (CH3NH3PbX3, X: I, Br) Via Numerical Simulation

In this paper, numerical simulation of perovskite solar cells (PSCs) for two structures (direct and inverted) and two perovskites (MAPbX‌‌‌3, MA: CH3NH3, X: I, Br) had been done by SCAPS software. Thickness of active layers (the perovskites) have been optimized by using PCE curves and then, electrical properties of the solar cells have been extracted. Results of simulations show that the best structure is inverted structure with active layer MAPbI3 which characteristics of the structure are 15.4%, 24.68 mA/cm2, 8.48 V, and 73.74% for PCE, JSC, VOC, and FF, respectively. In addition, study of donors or acceptors density demonstrate that the parameter is so effective on performance of solar cells and PCE achieved to 18% by increase in the parameter.
Stability and dynamics of two-dimensional fully nonlinear gravity–capillary solitary waves in deep water

The stability and dynamics of two-dimensional gravity–capillary solitary waves in deep water within the fully nonlinear water-wave equations are numerically studied. It is well known that there are two families of symmetric gravity–capillary solitary waves – depression waves and elevation waves – bifurcating from infinitesimal periodic waves at the minimum of the phase speed. The stability of both branches was previously examined by Calvo & Akylas (J. Fluid Mech., vol. 452, 2002, pp. 123–143) by means of a numerical spectral analysis. Their results show that the depression solitary waves with single-valued profiles are stable, while the elevation branch experiences a stability exchange at a turning point on the speed–amplitude curve. In the present paper, we provide numerical evidence that the depression solitary waves with an overhanging structure are also stable. On the other hand, Dias et al. (Eur. J. Mech. B, vol. 15, 1996, pp. 17–36) numerically traced the elevation branch and discovered that its speed–amplitude bifurcation curve features a ‘snake-like’ behaviour with many turning points, whereas Calvo & Akylas (J. Fluid Mech., vol. 452, 2002, pp. 123–143) only considered the stability exchange near the first turning point. Our results reveal that the stability exchange occurs again near the second turning point. A branch of asymmetric solitary waves is also considered and found to be unstable, even when the wave profile consists of a depression wave and a stable elevation one. The excitation of stable gravity–capillary solitary waves is carried out via direct numerical simulations. In particular, the stable elevation waves, which feature two troughs connected by a small dimple, can be excited by moving two fully localised, well-separated pressures on the free surface with the speed slightly below the phase speed minimum and removing the pressures simultaneously after a period of time.
The Social Dimensions of Carbon Trading: Contrasting Economic Perspectives

Neoclassical environmental economics considers carbon trading to be a reliable market based instrument that allows for reducing CO2 emissions at the lowest possible costs. Showing the economic potential of fossil energy for fuelling exponential economic growth, ecological economics reveals the strategic nature of CO2 emissions control as a thermodynamic corollary of fossil fuel use, as well as the ecological peril of making profitable the trading of politically generated carbon commodities that are all but ecological substitutes. Critical institutional economics insists on the exclusionary nature of carbon exclusive allowance or credits, as well as the moulding of institutional conditions favouring the control of strategic CO2 emissions as an institutional prerequisite. Property economics makes explicit that exclusive carbon control increases firms’ capitalization value by securing concern’s future income and profit as well as the direct relation between rights exclusivity, concern’s security and financial derivatives creation. Together, carbon trading is an institutional modality created for meeting both the interests and the constraints of the industrial capitalist mode of development.
Cyber Semantic Account Management User Behavior Modeling, Visualization and Monitoring

The research described in this paper presents an automated approach to generating and visualizing user behavior profiles based on activity observed in a networked environment. Derived (initially) from access log data, these profiles can serve as a model of expected behavior. Deviations from expected behavior can be identified by comparing benchmark profiles to profiles based on recent activity. This approach represents a practical solution to the problem of identifying malicious activity associated with compromised log-in credentials or insider attack. In those types of attacks, traditional defensive measures often fall short as the user was granted access to the system via normal channels using valid credentials.
Pyrolytic Degradation of Olive Waste Residue （OWR） by TGA： Thermal Decomposition Behavior and Kinetic Study

Olive oil is an important food industry product in Mediterranean countries. Large quantities of OWR (olive waste residue) are generated during a twoor three-phase separation process. This represents a major pollution problem for the industry and oil farms. The OWR is a source of substances of high value and can be used as a low-cost renewable energy. This work studied the behaviour of OWRs during the thermal decomposition process. The experiments of the slow pyrolysis process of three different waste olive products as olive pomace, olive tree pruning and olive kernels were performed under a nitrogen atmosphere at different heating rates, using a thermogravimetric balance. The samples were heated to a maximum temperature of 1,023 K, with four different heating rates of 2, 5, 10, 15 K/min. A comparison of different isoconversional (Flynn-Wall-Ozawa), not-isoconversional (Kissinger) model-free and model-fitting (Freeman-Carroll) methods to calculate the activation energy and pre-exponential factor is presented. In the Kissinger method the kinetic parameters were invariant for the whole pyrolysis process. While, in the case of Freeman-Carroll, it differs with change of the heating rate. The Flynn-Wall-Ozawa technique revealed the “not one-step” mechanism of reaction that occurs during the slow pyrolysis process. The kinetic data obtained in nitrogen atmosphere may provide more useful information for engineers for a better and complete description of the pyrolysis process and can be helpful to predict the kinetic model.
Using Multiazimuth Seismic Data for Anisotropy Estimation in an Unconventional Reservoir

Productivity of a well in an unconventional reservoir is governed by various static and dynamic reservoir characteristics. Many of these characteristics have proxies among pre and post stack seismic attributes that can be derived from Multiazimuth 3D Seismic Data. The task of a geoscientist in this kind of reservoir is to understand these proxies to predict production behaviour. Natural fracture density and azimuth, as well as horizontal stress azimuth are the key attributes that seismic can help predict. Seismic Velocity and Amplitude variations with azimuth can be used to predict fracture strike, relative fracture density and define potential structural sweet spots. Azimuthal data from a Multiazimuth 3D seismic survey in the Nappamerri Trough of Cooper Basin has been interpreted to estimate fracture intensity and orientation. Co-rendered structural maps are used to create stress maps for different interval of interest. Stress maps help to identify areas of higher anisotropy and areas of lower minimum horizontal stress and so facilitate optimised well placement. To test the geological significance of these maps, correlation of stress vectors against well Image log and cross dipole sonic data was completed. This ground truth validates the prediction of direction and distribution of reservoir fractures based on full azimuth seismic data in this area.
IN SITU DEGRADATION OF SELECTED PROTEIN SOURCES IN RUMEN-CANNULATED BRAHMAN CATTLE (Bos indicus Linn.)

This study assessed the rumen bypass potential of various protein sources at 24, 48 and 72 hr of incubation in rumen-cannulated cattle. The animal was fed with Napier and legume supplement following a ratio of 80:20. The incubation process followed the sequential addition method and digested samples were analyzed for percent dry matter and percent crude protein. Significantly lower dry matter digestibility and dry matter disappearance rate were noted using Flemingia (Flemingia macrophylla) leaf meal than in Calopo (Calopogonium muconoides), Kakawate (Gliricidia sepium), Pinto peanut (Arachis pintoi) and Soybean meal (SBM) in all rumen exposure times. Crude protein digestibility (CPD) and crude protein disappearance rate (CPDR) of Flemingia were significantly lower than Calopo, Kakawate, Pinto peanut and SBM at all periods which could be due to its high tannin content. Calopo had significant reduction in CPD and CPDR than Pinto peanut and SBM at 24 hr, SBM at 48 hr, and Kakawate and Pinto peanut at 72 hr and this could be due to its physical properties, maturity and source of leaves. The study suggests that Flemingia is a good source of bypass protein for ruminants.
PM Rhetoric and the Unconscious

This paper develops the ideas of rhetorical psychology by applying them to some basic Freudian concepts. In so doing, the paper considers whether there might be a 'Dialogic Unconscious'. So far rhetorical psychology has tended to concentrate upon conscious thought rather than on the unconscious. It has suggested that thinking is modelled on argument and dialogue, and that rhetoric provides the means of opening up matters for thought and discussion. However, rhetoric may also provide the means for closing down topics and, thereby, provide the means of repression. It will be suggested that language is not merely expressive but it is also repressive. Moreover, the repressive aspects of language are built into the very practices of dialogue. In learning language, we learn the codes for socially appropriate ways of speaking. These must be acquired as habits, so that we learn to repress routinely the desire to transgress the codes of appropriate speech. Thus, the routine use of language provides the resources for repression. If language is repressive, then this applies equally to the language of psycho-analysis itself. Freud's famous case histories, such as that of Dora, can be re-examined, in order to see what Freud's own theory of repression was itself repressing.
Instantaneous Position and Orientation of the Body Segments as an Arbitrary Object in 3D Space by Merging Gyroscope and Accelerometer Information

This work presents an algorithm to determine instantaneous orientation of an object in 3D space. The orientation was determined by using a Direction Cosine Matrix (DCM), performed by the combination of three consecutive rotations, around each to the main axes of the evaluated system, using quaternions. An inertial measurement unit (IMU), consisting of 3 axes gyroscope and 3 axes accelerometer was used in order to establish 2 coordinate systems; The first one describes object movement, by using gyroscope as a main source of information, relating the angular rate of change along time. The second defines a coordinate reference system, relating the acceleration of gravity to an inertial direction vector. A proportional integral (PI) feedback controller was used, which includes sensors information, eliminating oset, cancelling drift and improving the accuracy of the orientation. The proposed algorithm can be used for assessing both the position and orientation of the body segments which is very important in orthopedic, traumatology and rheumatology important for diagnosis, prognostic, therapeutic, research and as well as the design and fabrication of measuring devices used in surgical instrumentation, prostheses and ortheses. It is important to note that the developed system opens the opportunities to be implemented on ambulatory joint evaluation through a wearable system, due to the dimensions and requirements of the sensors.
Changes in zooxanthellar densities and chlorophyll concentrations in corals during and after a bleaching event

In January 1994 a coral bleaching event occurred on the reefs of Magnetic Island (Australia) immediately after a period of anomalously high air temperatures. Average daily water temperature increased by 2°C over 1 wk, reaching 34°C (reef flat) and 32°C (reef slope). Bleached corals were observed soon afterwards, suggesting the bleaching event was temperature related. Bleached (light tan coloured) and unbleached (dark brown coloured) colonies of staghorn coral Acropora formosa sampled during and after the bleaching event had lower zooxanthellar densities and higher chlorophyll a (chl a) concentrations per zooxanthella than the same colonies sampled 10 mo after the bleaching event. Significant increases in zooxanthellar chl a concentrations were measured in 2 colonies which were sampled and found to be losing zooxanthellae dunng the event. Intrinsic differences in the densities, chlorophyll concentrations and zooxanthellar cell sizes between neighbouring colonies of the same species resulted in intraspecific variability m coral discolouration during the bleaching event.
Underwater Cave Mapping and Reconstruction Using Stereo Vision

This work presents a systematic approach for 3-D mapping and reconstruction of underwater caves. Exploration of underwater caves is very important for furthering our understanding of hydrogeology, managing efficiently water resources, and advancing our knowledge in marine archaeology. Underwater cave exploration by human divers however, is a tedious, labor intensive, extremely dangerous operation, and requires highly skilled people. As such, it is an excellent fit for robotic technology. The proposed solution employs a stereo camera and a video-light. The approach utilizes the intersection of the cone of video-light with the cave boundaries resulting in the construction of a wire frame outline of the cave. Successive frames produce a scalable accurate point cloud which, through the use of adapted 3-D geometry reconstruction techniques, creates a fully replicated model of the cave system.
Chitosan-Based Zaleplon Nasal Microparticles

Objectives: The purpose of present research work was to develop mucoadhesive microparticles of Zaleplon for nasal delivery with the aim to avoid hepatic first-pass metabolism, improve therapeutic efficacy and enhance residence time in the treatment of insomnia. Materials and Methods: Chitosan-based microparticles were prepared by the coacervation method by varying the drug:polymer ratio. The microparticles were evaluated for particle size and shape and surface morphology by scanning electron microscopy, drug content, drug entrapment efficiency, swelling study, in vitro mucoadhesion, differential scanning calorimetric (DSC), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), in vitro drug release study, and ex vivo drug permeation. Results: Zaleplon microparticles showed irregular-shaped particles and particle size was found to be in the range of 4.97–10.6 μm, which is favorable for intranasal absorption. The prepared microparticles exhibited a good swelling index. The percentage drug content and entrapment efficiency was found to be in the range between 36.36% - 80% and 37.65% - 52.88%, respectively. In vitro mucoadhesion was performed by adhesion number using goat nasal mucosa and was observed in a range from 43.33 ± 4.409 to 75 ± 2.886%. It was observed that polymer concentration enhancement led to increased mucoadhesive strength. The results of DSC and XRD studies revealed the molecular amorphous dispersion of Zaleplon into the chitosan microparticles. IR spectra of Zaleplon along with excipient showed no interaction between Zaleplon and excipients. In vitro drug release from all the formulations was biphasic, being characterized by a slight “burst” followed by slow release. At the end of 12 h, F6 (1:6) showed drug release of 81.66 ± 1.545%, indicating sustained release. The permeation data of formulation from goat nasal mucosa was found near to that obtained with dialysis membrane in vitro. Conclusion: According to the obtained results, Zaleplon loaded chitosan microparticles prepared by coacervation method proved to be capable of sustained release and could be used through nasal route as an alternative to oral administration.
Innovation is not a democracy. How consumer concept testing impacts the capability of fast moving consumer goods companies to generate truly innovative products

Great companies often exist because a visionary invented something really new that was really useful. As companies grow they eagerly continue to look for more truly novel offerings to stay on top of the “delight scale” of the people they serve. In the Fast Moving Consumer Goods (FMCG) sector, truly novel offerings are a rarity. Product innovation is key, extremely hard to achieve and getting harder every day. To help ease the hardship of innovation, consulting and research normally extend over an entire system or process of innovation, i.e. the idea discovery or execution process. In contrast, in this article we will drill into a single, yet mission-critical moment within the innovation process that has received little in-depth attention: the decision about which truly innovative product ideas or concepts to fund.
Diabetik Otonomik Nöropatinin Tanısında Mide ve

Ö Z E T Diabet, vücuttaki birçok organ ve sistemi etkilediği gibi, gastrointestinal ve üriner sistemde de çeşitli fonk­ siyon bozukluklarına yol açabilmektedir. Mide boşalımındaki gecikme, diabetin metabolik kontrolünü güçleştir­ mede ve bulantı, kusma, şişkinlik gibi gastrointestinal ya­ kınmalara neden olurken, mesane boşalımındaki ge­ cikme ise üriner enfeksiyon gelişmesine zemin hazırla­ maktadır. Diabetik hastalarda otonomik nöropatinin tanı­ sında ve takibinde kullanılabilecek, rutine girmiş bir tanı yöntemi yoktur. Bu çalışmada mesane ve mide boşalım­ ları incelenerek, otonomik nöropati tanısındaki yeri araştı­ rıldı. Bu amaçla yaş ortalamaları 47 ± 67.27, diabet yaş ortalamaları 5.12*1.25 yıl olan 151 erkek 157 kadın 30 diabetik hasta ile 10 kontrol vakasının mide ve mesane boşalımları sintigrafik yöntem ile incelendi. Midedeki ve mesanedeki aktivitenin %50'sinin boşaldığ 11/2 zaman­ ları ile 90-. dakikadaki mide boşalım yüzdesi (MBY) he­ saplandı. Mide ve mesane boşalımlarının diabetik hasta­ lar, kontrol grubuna oranla anlamlı derecede uzamış ol­ duğu saptandı. Mide ve mesane boşalımları arasında da istatistiksel ilişki saptandı.