Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Interfering with cell‐survival signalling as a treatment strategy for prostate cancer

Authors from Australia describe how interfering with cell survival is increasingly being chosen as a method of developing a treatment strategy for hormone‐resistant prostate cancer. The authors show how several developmental drug candidates have preclinical and clinical activity against cell survival proteins, and that these might be worth considering as possible clinical entities in this condition.
New expressions of ergodic MIMO channel capacity

This paper derives new compact capacity expressions of N × N multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) independent Rayleigh fading channels with N transmit and TV receive antennas. The complex-valued channel parameters are assumed to be identically-distributed, zero-mean, unit-variance and circularly-symmetric Gaussian. A new and straightforward method to compute the individual MIMO channel capacity expressions is given which should improve the efficiency of calculating the ergodic channel capacity in fading environments. Corrections to ergodic multiple-input single-output (MISO) and single-input multiple-output (SIMO) channel capacity expressions available in the literature are given which offer fresh insights into SIMO, MISO and MIMO system capacity computation.
Preventing DDoS attacks in Path Identifiers-Based Information Centric Networks

Information Centric Networks (ICNs) have emerged in recent years in order to provide effective mechanisms for content distribution and retrieval. However, these future network architectures are vulnerable to Distributed Denial of Service Attacks (DDoS). In this paper, we propose an effective mechanism to counter these attacks in path identifier-based information centric networks. The proposed mechanism, called GET Message logging based filtering (GMLF), employs Bloom filter based logging to store incoming GET messages such that corresponding content messages are verified, while filtering packets originating from malicious hosts.
Third-molar mineralization as a function of available retromolar space

Abstract Objective: To test in the maxilla and mandible for an association between stage of third-molar (M3) mineralization and space in the jaws for M3 eruption. Mineralization is hypothesized to be delayed not only for impacted M3s but also for M3s with eruption space less than their mesiodistal crown diameter. Material and methods: Retrospective cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) scans of 37 females and 32 males aged 17–24 years, for a total sample of 197 upper and lower M3s, were used to assess the status of M3 eruption and measure the M3 crown diameter (CD) relative to the length of the retromolar space (RS). Stage of M3 mineralization was then compared between impacted and erupting M3s as well as between two conditions of relative eruption space (RS/CD ≥ 1 versus RS/CD < 1) using Mann–Whitney U tests. Results: Impacted M3s were at significantly earlier (delayed) stages of mineralization compared to erupting M3s. Mineralization was also delayed for M3s with eruption space less than their mesiodistal crown diameter (e.g. RS/CD < 1). A moderate positive correlation between stage of M3 mineralization and space was seen in both jaws, and was stronger in the mandible. Conclusion: Our study shows for the first time that stage of M3 mineralization is associated not only with impaction but also with amount of retromolar space, and that these associations are consistent in upper and lower jaws. Present findings underscore that M3 mineralization stage may be a clinically useful predictor of M3 impaction that thus merits further investigation.
Role of the Hedgehog/Patched Signaling Pathway in Oncogenesis: A New Polymorphism in the PTCH Gene in Ovarian Fibroma

Abstract: We compared the expression of target genes of Hedgehog/Patched signaling in ovarian fibromas and ovarian dermoids. We noted that high levels of SHH appear almost regularly, especially in dermoids, usually accompanied by increased expression of SMO. GLI overexpression does not coincide with that of PTCH. Loss of heterozygosity findings in the PTCH locus and increased expression of several genes in the pathway strongly suggest that the pathway is involved in both ovarian fibroma and dermoids.
Isolation and characterization of spontaneous mutants of Staphylococcus aureus S6 possessing quantitative differences in enterotoxin B production.

Spontaneous mutants possessing quantitative differences in enterotoxin B production were isolated from the parent strain of Staphylococcus aureus S6 by using NZ-amine agar plate which contained anti-enterotoxin B antiserum. A shake-flask culture of S. aureus S6 715H, a high enterotoxin B-producing strain, extracellularly produced 370 μg/ml of enterotoxin B after 16 hr of incubation at 37 C. A shake-flask culture of S. aureus S6 715NH, a low enterotoxin B-producing strain, produced 22 μg/ml of enterotoxin B under the same conditions. The difference in the ability to produce enterotoxin B among the strains resulted from differences in their activities of de novo enterotoxin B synthesis. A quantitative difference in the production of individual extracellular proteins existed in the strains. S. aureus S6 715H produced higher levels of α-and δ-hemolysins, alkaline phosphatase, ribonuclease and staphylokinase (fibrinolysin) than S. aureus S6 715NH. These results suggest that the production of enterotoxin B and most of the other extracellular proteins, at least the above five toxins or enzymes, may be dependent upon some coordinated control mechanisms in S. aureus S6.
A length-based hypothesis for feeding migrations in pelagic fish

We evaluated the costs and benefits of long-distance horizontal migration by pelagic planktivores, Atlantic herring (Clupea harengus), blue whiting (Micromesistius poutassou), mackerel (Scomber scombrus), and capelin (Mallotus villosus) in the Norwegian and Barents seas using a numerical model and tested model predictions against field observations. Specifically, we considered ( i) energetic costs as a function of body size, water currents, swimming speed, and distance, (ii) time costs as a function of speed and distance, and (iii) energetic gain in terms of differences in food intake between areas. The model demonstrates how body size restricts large-scale horizontal migration patterns. Model and field results suggest that the extent of migration will increase with increasing body length. The model predicts that long-distance migration costs may exceed energy intake for fish <20 cm, due to increased hydrodynamical drag with decreasing fish size. Field results suggest that migration distance is a function of length, weight, and age. Food abundance and distribution, current speed and direction, and differences in day length at boreal latitudes are believed to be the major driving forces influencing large-scale migration distance, direction, and timing in pelagic planktivores. Northwards latitudinal rather than longitudinal feeding migrations are explained by the improved feeding opportunities with increased day lengths. Resume : Nous avons evalue les couts et les avantages de la migration horizontale a longue distance de poissons pelagiques planctivores, a savoir le hareng (Clupea harengus), le merlan bleu (Micromesistius poutassou), le maquereau
Security Evaluation of Practical Quantum Communication Systems

Modern information and communication technology (ICT), including internet, smart phones, cloud computing, global positioning system, e-commerce, e-Health, global communications and internet of things (IoT), all rely fundamentally – for identification, authentication, confidentiality and confidence – on cryptography. However, there is a high chance that most modern cryptography protocols will be annihilated upon the arrival of quantum computers. This necessitates taking steps for making the current ICT systems secure against quantum computers. The task is a huge and time-consuming task and there is a serious probability that quantum computers will arrive before it is complete. Hence, it is of utmost importance to understand the risk and start planning for the solution now. At this moment, there are two potential paths that lead to solution. One is the path of post-quantum cryptography: inventing classical cryptographic algorithms that are secure against quantum attacks. Although they are hoped to provide security against quantum attacks for most situations in practice, there is no mathematical proof to guarantee unconditional security (‘unconditional security’ is a technical term that means security is not dependent on a computational hardness assumption). This has driven many to choose the second path: quantum cryptography (QC). Quantum cryptography – utilizing the power of quantum mechanics – can guarantee unconditional security in theory. However, in practice, device behavior varies from the modeled behavior, leading to side-channels that can be exploited by an adversary to compromise security. Thus, practical QC systems need to be security evaluated – i.e., scrutinized and tested for possible vulnerabilities – before they are sold to customers or deployed in large scale. Unfortunately, this task has become more and more demanding as QC systems are being built in various style, variants and forms at different parts of the globe. Hence, standardization and certification of security evaluation methods are necessary. Also, a number of compatibility, connectivity and interoperability issues among the QC systems require standardization and certification which makes it an issue of highest priority. In this thesis, several areas of practical quantum communication systems were scrutinized and tested for the purpose of standardization and certification. At the source side, the calibration mechanism of the outgoing mean photon number – a critical parameter for security – was investigated. As a prototype, the pulse-energy-monitoring system (PEMS) implemented in a commercial quantum key distribution (QKD) machine was chosen and the design validity was tested. It was found that the security of PEMS was based on flawed design logic and conservative assumptions on Eve’s ability. Our results pointed out the limitations of closed security standards developed inside a company and highlighted the need
The Benefits of Mining Techniques in Digital Transformation of Engineering Education

The paper discusses the problems of digital transformation of education and the features of Industry 4.0 through the involvement of ICT. The impact of both in the engineering education are described. Some principles of Data mining and Process mining are presented. These play an important role in education of future professionals in the engineering domain that is in line with the goals of the next industrial revolution.
Adaptive linear prediction of MPEG video traffic

A large portion of traffic on multimedia networks is expected to be video traffic with a variable-bit-rate traffic characteristic. Video traffic prediction can play an important role in dynamic bandwidth allocation and traffic management in future high-speed packet-switched networks and ATM networks. A composite MPEG video traffic prediction scheme based on the normalised least mean square error (NLMS) algorithm is proposed in this paper. Unlike previous MPEG video traffic prediction schemes, which predict I, P and B frames separately, the proposed scheme predicts the composite MPEG video traffic levels. A experimental study has shown considerable prediction accuracy of this scheme.
Oxidation of Thianthrene by the Ligninase of Phanerochaete chrysosporium

The oxidation of heterocyclic sulfur compounds reported to be part of the macrostructure of coal and petroleum was investigated. The oxidation of thianthrene solubilized in 10% dimethylformamide to thianthrene monosulfoxide in the presence of hydrogen peroxide was catalyzed by the ligninase from Phanerochaete chrysosporium.
Automation in Audio Enhancement using Unsupervised Learning for Ubiquitous Computational Environment

The incorporation of electronics into the music production process has only been shaping new boundaries in the field of production. Recent decade has seen the rise of a fairly new genre called Electronic Dance Music, where music is being recorded, arranged and processed using electronic media. Certain researches have also revealed how Neural Networks are being used for automating the process of composition and production of music. This calls for a system that automates the post-production audio enhancement and optimization techniques, called Mastering, in order to attain a balance in the sound quality and make this procedure more robust. To do the same, we make use of Fast Fourier Transform Techniques, Unsupervised Learning and Neural Networks. The chief principle behind the processing of any audio is to provide a sophisticated mechanism to enhance the extracted acoustic characteristics of the signal. The evaluation indices of an optimized or mastered audio, via human listening test, to showcase the power of Artificial Intelligence and how it can be used as a constraint optimization model to optimize playback of the stereo mix.
Mobile GIS system for pipeline inspection at CoalBed Methane field

Human scheduling for pipeline inspections of Coal Bed Methane field (CBM) is complicated due to more gas wells, field inspectors, and intensive pipeline equipments. To improve data collection efficiency, this work has developed a mobile GIS system which employed the state of art technologies including geographic information system, global positioning system, wireless networks and a smart phone. First, it establishes a visualization environment, including geographic information of terrain, and roads etc. Then it implements the functions of dynamically displaying scheduled and actual routes and managing the positioning information communication with the mission center. Finally it supports to collect the status parameters of inspected equipments and transmits to the monitoring center by wireless network. The system was developed on Windows CE and ArcGIS Mobile by C# and could run on PDA and smart phone. The mobile GIS system has been demonstrated Panhe CBM in Shanxi province of China.
Recognizing Indigenous Miskitu Territory in Honduras

For five decades, indigenous Miskitu communities have fought for legal title of their lands in the Muskitia region of eastern Honduras. The central geopolitical force of this territorial movement has been the Miskitu federation, (Muskitia Asla Takanka, or Unity of Muskitia). This descriptive case study shows how Miskitu engagement with state and other actors, amid a sea of powerful and sometimes dangerous local and global forces, has led to the peaceful development of twelve new indigenous territorial jurisdictions (s). These s, called concejos territoriales (s) or territorial councils, have newly designed intercommunity titles that recognize the overlapping land uses and broader functional habitats (subsistence zones) of Miskitu communities. These features—inherent in their customary practices—were first plotted through participatory research mapping () in 1992 and thereafter becoming requisites for titling. The Miskitu example demonstrates how indigenous territoriality can be peacefully accommodated within the context of the state.
The Amyloid Precursor Protein of Alzheimer's Disease in the Reduction of Copper(II) to Copper(I)

The transition metal ion copper(II) has a critical role in chronic neurologic diseases. The amyloid precursor protein (APP) of Alzheimer's disease or a synthetic peptide representing its copper-binding site reduced bound copper(II) to copper(I). This copper ion-mediated redox reaction led to disulfide bond formation in APP, which indicated that free sulfhydryl groups of APP were involved. Neither superoxide nor hydrogen peroxide had an effect on the kinetics of copper(II) reduction. The reduction of copper(II) to copper(I) by APP involves an electron-transfer reaction and could enhance the production of hydroxyl radicals, which could then attack nearby sites. Thus, copper-mediated toxicity may contribute to neurodegeneration in Alzheimer's disease.
Measurement of Operational Amplifier Characteristics in the Frequency Domain

A test circuit for the automatic measurement of integrated-circuit operational amplifiers in the frequency domain has been developed. The main advantage of this test circuit over those previously reported in the literature is that it uses buffers in the feedback loop to reduce the influence of the output impedance of the operational amplifier. A fit program has been developed to extract the relevant parameters such as the transfer characteristics, the common mode rejection ratio, and the power supply rejection ratio. Examples of measurements are added for several operational amplifiers.
Explanation of masking-level differences that result from interaural intensive disparities of noise.

The detectability of a monaurally presented 500‐cps signal was measured at each of several values of interaural correlation for a wide‐band noise masker. The results, when expressed in terms of masking‐level differences (MLD's), are in agreement with data reported by Whitmore and Wilbanks and show a function of similar form to that described by Robinson and Jeffress. Additionally, the detectability of a monaural signal was investigated as a function of the interaural intensive relations of a wide‐band noise masker. The data are in agreement with results originally shown by Hirsh, and since, replicated several times. That is, detectability is greatest when the level of the noise masker at the two ears is equal, and decreases as the level of the masker at the nonsignal ear is attenuated. The data are used to estimate parameters for a simple model that attempts to account for changes in detectability that occur when a monaural signal is presented with binaural, correlated noise having an interaural level difference. The model proposes that at low external noise levels, internal noise leads to a decrease in interaural‐noise correlation. Predictions from the model are in reasonable agreement with data reported previously.
Toward an Understanding of Cognitive Functioning in Geriatric Depression

This paper addresses the questions of whether depression compromises cognition in the elderly and whether discernable patterns of cognitive performances could be differentiated between patients with severe depression and those with organic dementia. Published data on geriatric depression and cognitive functioning are divided in demonstrating a depression effect. Further examination and external validation by new data show that the depression effect on discrete cognitive tasks is (1) small, and (2) sensitive to the confounding of sampling and task variables. Future research must take these factors into account. Patterns of cognitive functioning in depression and dementia are different and can be differentiated using a variety of measures. This review finds the term pseudodementia inappropriate and misleading and recommends that it be abandoned.
META‐ANALYSIS SUGGESTS CHOOSY FEMALES GET SEXY SONS MORE THAN “GOOD GENES”

Female preferences for specific male phenotypes have been documented across a wide range of animal taxa, including numerous species where males contribute only gametes to offspring production. Yet, selective pressures maintaining such preferences are among the major unknowns of evolutionary biology. Theoretical studies suggest that preferences can evolve if they confer genetic benefits in terms of increased attractiveness of sons (“Fisherian” models) or overall fitness of offspring (“good genes” models). These two types of models predict, respectively, that male attractiveness is heritable and genetically correlated with fitness. In this meta‐analysis, we draw general conclusions from over two decades worth of empirical studies testing these predictions (90 studies on 55 species in total). We found evidence for heritability of male attractiveness. However, attractiveness showed no association with traits directly associated with fitness (life‐history traits). Interestingly, it did show a positive correlation with physiological traits, which include immunocompetence and condition. In conclusion, our results support “Fisherian” models of preference evolution, while providing equivocal evidence for “good genes. ” We pinpoint research directions that should stimulate progress in our understanding of the evolution of female choice.
On the Dominance of filamentous cyanobacteria in shallow, turbid lakes

The phytoplankton community of eutrophic shallow lakes is often dominated by filamentous cyanobacteria of the family Oscillatoriaceae. In this paper we follow two independent approaches to show that this situation is likely to be one of two alternative stable states of the algal community. First we analyze patterns of cyanobacterial dominance observed in the field, and show that these patterns imply that the algal community is a hysteretic system with two alternative equilibria. Then, we construct a simple competition model to show that hysteresis should in fact be expected from differences in physiology between cyanobacteria and algae. The basic mechanism is that cyanobacteria are the superior competitors under conditions of low light, but also promote such conditions, as they can cause a higher turbidity per unit of phosphorus than other algae. This mechanism of hys- teresis offers an explanation for the resistance of cyanobacteria dominance in shallow lakes to restoration efforts by means of nutrient reduction.
A Data acquisition architecture for a RPC-Based small animal pet

On-going work suggests that a RPC-based small animal pet camera can be built with a FWHM resolution below 0.5 mm and at a very competitive cost. The camera being developed demands a high-resolution data acquisition system along with very good trigger coincidence detection and on-line data reduction. In this paper the actual system specifications are given and a solution is discussed. The elected solution includes the development of four similar data acquisition modules, each with 16 channels based on 12-bit, 70 MSPS ADCs with LVDS outputs, dedicated memory, trigger logic, processing unit, and a USB 2.0 interface. The trigger and data processing logic of each module were placed inside a Xilinx-4 Virtex FGPA. The proposed solution allows a cheap and efficient system to be constructed in a PC-centric way.
Multi-functional Control of Hybrid PV-Battery Integration With Single-Phase Grid Tied Conveter

The intermittent nature of renewable energy sources (RES) disturbs the reliable operation of grid interfaced system. The grid integrated solar PV (photovoltaic) with battery energy storage (BES) support provides the reliable and continuous power to nonlinear loads. The high penetration of RES into the utility grid (UG) enhances the power quality (PQ) problems such as disturbances, fluctuations and harmonics in grid current. In this paper variable digital filter (VDF) control provides high harmonics elimination in the hybrid solar PV battery energy storage (BES) coupled with the grid interfaced system (HPVBGS) for nonlinear loads at the PCC (Point of Common Coupling). The variable digital filter (VDF) architecture is used to remove the harmonics and achieve distortion free fundamental signal of load current with high-speed and low implementation complexity. Test results validate the performance of the controller under different operation modes of HPVBGS in steady state as well as for dynamic conditions.