Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Perceived morningness–eveningness predicts academic adjustment and substance use across university, but social jetlag is not to blame

Past research has consistently found that evening-types typically report poorer academic adjustment and higher levels of substance use compared to morning-types. An important development within the morningness–eveningness and psychosocial adjustment literature has been the hypothesis that social jetlag (i.e. the asynchrony between an individual’s “biological” and “social” clocks) is one factor that may explain why evening-types are at a greater risk for negative psychosocial adjustment. Yet, only a handful of studies have assessed social jetlag. Furthermore, the few studies that have assessed social jetlag have done so only with concurrent data, and thus have not been able to determine the direction of effects among morningness–eveningness, social jetlag and psychosocial adjustment. To address this important gap in the literature, the present 3-year longitudinal study employed the use of a cross-lagged auto-regressive model to specifically examine the predictive role of perceived morningness–eveningness and social jetlag on two important indices of psychosocial adjustment among university students: academic adjustment and substance use. We also assessed whether there would be an indirect effect between perceived morningness–eveningness and psychosocial adjustment through social jetlag. Participants were 942 (71.5% female; M = 19 years, SD = 0.90) undergraduates at a mid-sized university in Southern Ontario, Canada, who completed a survey at three assessments, each one year apart, beginning in first-year university. Measures were demographics (age, gender and parental education), sleep problems, perceived morningness–eveningness, social jetlag, academic adjustment and substance use. As hypothesized, results of path analyses indicated that a greater perceived eveningness preference significantly predicted higher social jetlag, poorer academic adjustment and higher substance use over time. In contrast, we found no support for social jetlag as a predictor of academic adjustment and substance use, indicating that social jetlag did not explain the link between perceived morningness–eveningness and negative psychosocial adjustment. An important finding was the significant predictive effect of higher substance use on social jetlag over time. Results of the present study highlight the importance of employing a longitudinal framework within which to specifically determine the direction of effects among the study variables in order to validate proposed theoretical models that aim to guide our understanding of how perceived morningness–eveningness, social jetlag, academic adjustment and substance use relate to each other.
Preconditioning with glycyrrhizic, ferulic, paeoniflorin, cinnamic prevents rat hearts from ischemia/reperfusion injury via endothelial nitric oxide pathway

Objective: The objective was to investigate the endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS/NO) pathway is involved or not in the protective effects of glycyrrhizic, ferulic, paeoniflorin, cinnamic (GFPC) in myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury Sprague-Dawley rats. Materials and Methods: Ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) model was made by ligating the left anterior descending branch of the coronary artery for 30 min and releasing for 120 min, then the left ventricular apical was fixed and sliced, morphological changes of myocardial microvascular endothelial cell (MMVEC) was observed by electron microscopy, apoptosis index of MMVEC was observed by means of TUNEL, serum NO was tested by methods of nitrate reduction, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), creatine kinase MB (CK-MB) was detected by automatic biochemical analyzer; Phosphorylated eNOS (PeNOS) and inducible NOS (iNOS) protein were measured by means of western blot. Results: In positive product control group, the serum levels of NO, LDH, CK-MB significantly increased (P < 0.05); MMVEC apoptosis was significantly decreased (P < 0.05); incidence of area at risk decreased significantly (P < 0.05); PeNOS protein increased (P < 0.05); iNOS protein decreased significantly (P < 0.05). Conclusion: Ischemic preconditioning of GFPC from GFPC plays a protective role in I/R heart through regulating the eNOS/NO signal pathway by increasing the PeNOS protein expression and decreasing the expression of iNOS protein.
Autograft Monocytes: The Bad Humors of Autologous Peripheral Blood Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation

Day 15 absolute lymphocyte count (ALC-15) post-autologous peripheral blood hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (APHSCT) is a prognostic factor for survival. ALC-15 recovery post-APHSCT directly depends on the collected and infused autograft absolute lymphocyte count (A-ALC). However, post-APHSCT relapses are still observed despite higher ALC-15 recovery. Recent studies have shown monocyte-derived cells affect tumor progression by suppression of host anti-tumor immunity. Monocytes are also collected and infused in patients undergoing APHSCT. Therefore this article reviews the possible immunosuppressive mechanisms of the autograft absolute monocyte count (A-AMC) affecting the host immunity and survival in patients undergoing APHSCT.
RIESGO PARA LA SALUD POR RADIACIONES NO IONIZANTES DE LAS REDES DE TELECOMUNICACIONES EN EL PERÚ

We review the various studies on the potential impact of telecommunications networks on health, these studies relate to the possible health effects due to thermal effect of non-ionizing radiation produced greater increases in body temperature at 1 oC. furthermore, the studies were reviewed for assessment of exposure to non-ionizing radiation of telecommunications networks in Peru from 2000 to 2006 that include the measurement of more than 500 locations. The highest average levels of exposure in Peru are produced by the fM radio and are in the order of 29% of the recommended limits, while those produced by the mobile base stations are at 1.5% population. The highest levels of exposure are given by mobile phones but still within the permissible limits. The risk assessment of non-ionizing radiation of telecommunications networks in Peru shows that the health risk of the fixed stations is not significant, but in the case of stations (cell) the risk is higher and its importance depend on the results of international investigations that are ongoing.
Comparison of 18F-Fluorodeoxyglucose Uptake with the Expressions of Glucose Transporter Type 1 and Na+/I− Symporter in Patients with Untreated Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma

Purpose. Discrepancies between the uptakes of 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose (18F-FDG) and 131I in papillary thyroid carcinoma have been reported. We compared 18F-FDG uptake with the expressions of glucose transporter type 1 (GLUT1) and sodium-iodide symporter (NIS) in untreated papillary thyroid carcinoma. Materials and methods. A total of 33 consecutive patients (Male:Female = 12:21; mean age, 46.6 ± 13.0 years) with initially diagnosed papillary thyroid carcinoma were prospectively included in the study. All subjects underwent preoperative 18F-FDG positron emission tomography/computerized tomography scans followed by surgery. The expressions of GLUT1 and NIS were evaluated in resected primary tumors and metastatic lymph nodes by immunohistochemical staining and were compared with the maximum standard uptake value of each lesion, respectively. Results. None of the 40 primary tumors showed significant expressions of GLUT1. Significant expressions of NIS were found in 14 primary tumors (35.0%). Among 36 metastatic lymph nodes, only 1 showed GLUT1 expression. Significant expression of NIS was found in 13 (36.1%) metastatic nodes. The maximum standard uptake value of both primary tumors and metastatic nodes with negative expression of NIS was significantly higher than those with a positive expression of NIS (10.6 ± 10.8 vs. 4.9 ± 5.2, p = 0.011). Conclusions. The 18F-FDG uptake of untreated papillary thyroid carcinoma has an inverse correlation with NIS expression. However, GLUT1 expression does not appear to be associated with 18F-FDG uptake in untreated papillary thyroid carcinoma.
Current Scene and Prospective Potentials of siRNA in Cancer Therapy

Copyright: © 2012 Chougule MB, et al. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. Cancer is one of primary cause of death worldwide and its threat is estimated to touch 13.1 million human casualties in 2030 [1]. This disease occurs in all patient population i.e. young, old, children, men and women. As a whole, it represents a tremendous burden on patients, families and societies; and that’s why needs urgent attention.
Relationships between age-related biochemical markers of bone turnover and OPG, TGF-β1 and TGF-β2 in native Chinese women

Abstract Osteoprotegerin (OPG), transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1) and TGF-β2 are cytokines closely associated with bone metabolism. However, their association with bone turnover markers in native Chinese women remains unknown. The study aims to investigate the relationship between bone metabolism related cytokines including OPG, TGF-β1, TGF-β2 and bone turnover markers in native Chinese women. The cross-sectional study was conducted on 691 healthy Chinese women (20–80 years old). Levels of OPG, TGF-β1, TGF-β2, serum bone-specific alkaline phosphatase (BAP), osteocalcin (OC), cross-linked N-terminal telopeptides of type I collagen (sNTX), cross-linked C-terminal telopeptides of type I collagen (sCTX), urinary NTX (uNTX), urinary CTX (uCTX) and total urinary deoxypyridinoline (uDPD) were determined. The present study showed that OPG and TGF-β2 had positive correlation with BAP, OC, uNTX, uCTX and uDPD, while TGF-β1 showed negative correlation with BAP, OC, sCTX, uNTX and uCTX, and most of the coefficients of partial correlation remained significant after adjustments for age and body mass index (BMI). Multiple linear regression stepwise analysis showed that OPG and TGF-β2 were positive determinative factors for BAP, sCTX, uNTX and uCTX, which could explain 0.6–16.6% of the variation in these markers. TGF-β1 was a negative determinative factor for BAP, OC, sCTX and uCTX, which could explain 0.7–7.3% of the variation in these markers. This study suggested that measuring bone turnover indicators and serum cytokines simultaneously might help evaluating changes in bone turnover rate caused by aging or menopause in women.
The Truth About Health Care: Why Reform is not Working in America

Since the inordinately early start of the 2008 presidential election campaigning, every prospective candidate has felt and responded to strong public pressure to address the issue of health care reform. The rising clamor over the need to reform this country’s health care system has led many Americans to believe that we are finally about to do something about our nation’s health system failures. If all the contenders are pegging their run for the presidency, at least in part, on their resolve to fix a broken healthcare system, can we assume that, whoever wins, he (or she! ) will actually do something? Such an assumption might be reasonable but it might also be wrong; and, I am sorry to say, the latter is more likely the controlling reality. Health care has become an intractable problem in this country and, notwithstanding the seemingly unanimous commitment of our would-be leaders to do something definitive about it, the chances are . we will not. Why do I say that? To answer, let me recall the old parable about the blind men feeling an elephant—one touching the trunk, one a tusk, one a leg, one the tail—and coming up with totally different conceptions of the beast. Pondering the much-trumpeted “health care crisis in the United States” could be the sequel to this story. In the sequel, the men start out fully agreeing on the need to “do something” about the elephant in the room; but then they march off in different directions because they all “visualize” the problem differently and, so, think of different ways to respond to it. Like the blind men feeling the elephant, different segments of our society conceive the situation differently, and devise different analyses, responses, and solutions.
Skin diseases of the horse

Polyps in the ear canal of cats The clinical and pathological features of inflammatory polyps of the ear canal, as seen in 12 cats, are described. In all cases the condition was unilateral while a ceruminous or purulent discharge was present in 11, head shaking in six, dysequilibrium in six, ipsilateral mandibular lymphadenopathy in three and nystagmus in two. In seven cases the lesion was removed surgically, usually following a lateral ear canal resection. Recurrence occurred in two of six cases treated in this way. Differentiation of masses in the ear can be made accurately on gross examination. Inflammatory polyps are smooth-surfaced masses filling, but not attached to, the horizontal ear canal while squamous cell carcinomas are most often seen on the ear tip and ceruminous gland carcinomas arise from the epithelium of the pinna or the
Conceitos de acesso à saúde

Esse artigo descreve quatro dimensoes de acesso a saude - disponibilidade, aceitabilidade, capacidade de pagamento e informacao, correlacionado-as aos seus indicadores e tecendo consideracoes sobre a complexidade do conceito de acesso. Para a revisao desses conceitos foram pesquisadas as bases de dados PubMed/MEDLINE, LILACS, SciELO e World Health Organization Library & Information Networks for Knowledge (WHOLIS). Veiculos de grande circulacao, como a revista The Economist, o jornal The Washington Post e os arquivos da rede BBC tambem foram pesquisados. O conceito de acesso a saude modificou-se ao longo do tempo, tomando uma forma mais complexa. As primeiras analises, datadas da decada de 1970, sugeriam uma forte relacao do acesso com o aspecto geografico (disponibilidade) e financeiro (capacidade de pagamento). A literatura mais recente procura abordar aspectos menos tangiveis, como os aspectos cultural, educacional e socioeconomico, incorporando o elemento aceitabilidade nas analises. A literatura mostra ainda que ter informacao esta na base do acesso a saude, estando essa nocao associada aos conceitos de empoderamento e de letramento para a tomada de decisoes de saude. Concluiu-se que a melhoria do acesso a saude e a garantia de uma maior equidade nao serao obtidas com acoes cujo foco se limite aos sistemas de saude. Em vez disso, dependem de acoes inter-setoriais e politicas sociais e economicas que permitam dissipar diferencas de renda e educacao.
Dosimetric comparison between three dimensional treatment planning system, Monte Carlo simulation and gel dosimetry in nasopharynx phantom for high dose rate brachytherapy.

PURPOSE For the treatment of nasopharnx carcinoma (NPC) using brachytherapy methods and high-energy photon sources are common techniques. In the common three dimensional (3D) treatments planning, all of the computed tomography images are assumed homogeneous. This study presents the results of Monte Carlo calculations for non-homogeneous nasopharynx phantom, MAGICA normoxic gel dosimetry and 3D treatment planning system (TPS). MATERIALS AND METHODS The head phantom was designed with Plexiglas cylinder, head bone, and nasopharynx brachytherapy silicon applicator. For the simulations, version 5 of the Monte Carlo N-particle transport code (MCNP5) was used. 3D treatment planning was performed in Flexiplan software. A normoxic radiosensitive polymer gel was fabricated under normal atmospheric conditions and poured into test tubes (for calibration curve) and the head phantom. In addition, the head phantom was irradiated with Flexitron afterloader brachytherapy machine with (192)Ir source. To obtain calibration curves, 11 dosimeters were irradiated with dose range of 0-2000 cGy. Evaluations of dosimeters were performed on 1.5T scanner. RESULTS Two-dimensional iso-dose in coronal plan at distances of z = +0.3, -0.3 cm was calculated. There was a good accordance between 3D TPS and MCNP5 simulation and differences in various distances were between 2.4% and 6.1%. There was a predictable accordance between MAGICA gel dosimetry and MCNP5 simulation and differences in various distances were between 5.7% and 7.4%. Moreover, there was an acceptable accordance between MAGICA gel dosimetry and MCNP5 data and differences in various distances were between 5.2% and 9.4%. CONCLUSION The sources of differences in this comparison are divided to calculations variation and practical errors that was added in experimental dosimetry. The result of quality assurance of nasopharynx high dose rate brachytherapy is consistent with international standards.
Central nervous system-related symptoms and findings are common in acute Puumala hantavirus infection

Abstract Background. Puumala hantavirus (PUUV) causes a hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS) also called nephropathia epidemica (NE). Recent case reports and retrospective studies suggest that NE may damage the pituitary gland. Based on these observations, our goal was to explore the nature of this complication prospectively. Methods. A total of 58 hospitalized patients with acute NE volunteered to participate. Central nervous system (CNS) symptoms were recorded, cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) samples were collected, human leukocyte antigen (HLA) haplotype was analyzed, brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) was acquired, and electroencephalography (EEG) was recorded. Patients with abnormal pituitary MRI finding were examined by an endocrinologist. Results. Most patients experienced CNS symptoms, and half of the CSF samples were positive for PUUV IgM, elevated protein level, or leukocyte count. CSF of patients negative for DR15(2)-DQ6 haplotype was less frequently affected. MRI revealed pituitary hemorrhage in two patients; these two patients suffered sudden loss of vision associated with headache, and they both developed hypopituitarism. Only one patient required long-term hormonal replacement therapy. Conclusion. CNS-related symptoms and inflammation in the CSF are common in acute NE. Genetic properties of the host may predispose to CNS involvement. It does seem that pituitary injury and subsequent hormonal insufficiency may complicate the recovery.
Effects of clinical pathways used in surgery for uterine fibroids: a meta-analysis.

BACKGROUND Whether clinical pathways (CPWs) used in surgery for uterine fibroids have positive effects or not remains unclear. AIMS To assess the implementation effectsof CPW sin surgery for uterine fibroids. MATERIALS AND METHODS Eight databases were searched comprehensively from inception to November 2012, which including the Cochrane Library, PubMed, EMBASE, Web of Science, Chinese Biomedical Literature Database, etc. Two reviewers selected studies, assessed risk of bias, and extracted data of included studies independently. Jadad methodological approach was applied to assess the quality of included studies and meta-analysis was conducted by RevMan 5.1 software. RESULTS Ten studies involving 775 patients were included. The aggregate overall results showed that a shorter average length of stay (mean difference (MD) = -1.61; 95% CI (-1.91, -1.31); P < 0.00001) and days of waiting for surgery (MD = -0.75; 95% CI (-1.06, -0.44); P < 0.00001) were associated with CPWs. A reduction in inpatient expenditures was observed in CPWs compared with usual care (MD = -1197.69; 95% CI (-1582.04, -813.35); P < 0.00001). A higher score of patient satisfaction was also found in CPWs. CONCLUSION CPWs could significantly improve the quality of care in patients undergoing uterine fibroids surgery, which were associated with a significant reduction in average length of stay and days of waiting for surgery, a decrease in inpatient expenditures and an improvement in patient satisfaction. Formulating evidence based CPWs and variation control in CPWs should be focused in the future.
High blood hemoglobin concentration as risk factor of major atherosclerotic cardiovascular events in 114,159 healthy men and women in the Apolipoprotein MOrtality RISk study (AMORIS)

Abstract Background. Few studies have tested differences in relationships between hemoglobin (Hb) and long-term risk of major cardiovascular diseases according to age and gender in healthy subjects as opposed to anemia. Aims. Such relationships were examined and risk-tested in relation to Hb values in the Apolipoprotein MOrtality RISk (AMORIS) Study. Methods. Using data from AMORIS and the Swedish hospital discharge and mortality registers, a prospective cohort study of 114,159 subjects with mean follow-up of 11.8 years, the association between Hb and risk of acute myocardial infarction (AMI), ischemic stroke (IS), and congestive heart failure (CHF) by Cox regression analysis according to age and gender was studied. Results. Elevated Hb levels were associated to acute myocardial infarction (AMI) (HR 1.10 (1.06–1.13) per SD change), mostly confined to men and younger subjects but with greater sex similarity trends for CHF. Slightly increased risks were seen for the lowest Hb levels in the elderly and in females. IS risk was positively and more linearly associated to Hb. Interpretation. In AMORIS the highest AMI and CHF risks were found in the upper region of the distribution, but different shapes of relationships according to age and gender were found. IS associated positively with Hb. Key words:
Cognitive Correlates of Leukoaraiosis

Leukoaraiosis (LA) means decreased density of the white matter of brain. It is seen as hypodensity on computed tomography (CT) scans and as hyperintensity on T2-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans. When Hachinski et al. [1] coined the term in 19 87, it referred to the diffuse or patchy hypodensities seen in the deep white matter on CT scans of elderly people. Others, however, included all kinds of hypodensities of the white matter and often labeled it Binswanger''s disease. It was uncertain what these hypodensities were and whether they had any clinical significance. MRI white matter hyperintensities may be: (1) punctate ''holes'' in the deep ganglia and white matter; (2) smooth ''rims and caps'' contiguous with the margins of the lateral ventricles, or (3) patchy areas in the deep white matter of the centrum semiovale extending to the vicinity of the subcortical regions but sparing the U fibers. What is LA and how does it relate to cognition? We asked several experts to offer their opinions on the linkage between cognitive functions and LA. We informed each one that we do not expect new data, detailed analyses, or an authoritative review. Rather, we wanted their concise views on the subject. Their opinions follow.