Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The effect of accuracy motivation and directional motivation on the optimistic bias in prediction of task completion time

Two studies were conducted to examine the role of motivation in the optimistic bias in people's predictions of completion times. It was hypothesized that a strong desire to finish tasks quickly (directional goal) would increase the optimistic bias and that a strong desire to make accurate predictions would attenuate the bias. After completing two timed anagram trials, subjects predicted, under varying incentive conditions, how long the third trial would take. High accuracy subjects were offered a monetary prize for making an accurate prediction, whereas high directional subjects were offered a monetary prize for finishing quickly. These two motivational factors were crossed in a factorial design. In addition, in Study 2, half of the subjects were informed of their pre-trial times while the other half were not. Subjects' predicted and actual completion times were only partially consistent with the hypotheses. In Study 1, the accuracy goal actually increased the optimistic bias in prediction, largely because it increased actual completion times; however, this finding was not obtained in the second study. In Study 2, the directional goal led subjects to predict shorter completion times and also to finish more quickly. Additional thought listing measures revealed that high accuracy subjects were more likely to base predictions on a calculated average past completion time whereas high directional subjects were more likely to discount their past performance and anticipate improvement.
Chemical composition, fatty acid profile and colour of broiler meat as affected by organic and conventional rearing systems

The major quality characteristics of breast and thigh meat, including chemical composition, fatty acid composition, cholesterol content and colour of slow-growing broilers (Hubbard Red-JA), reared under either organic or conventional rearing systems, and fast-growing broilers (Ross-308) grown under the conventional procedure, were investigated in this comparative study. Slaughter age was 81 days and 42 days for slow- and fast-growing birds, respectively. A lower protein, but higher fat content was measured in the thigh meat of slow-growing broilers reared both in the organic and conventional systems, compared with conventionally reared fast growers. In both systems the breast meat of fast-growing birds had a higher moisture content than those of the slow-growing birds. The organic system promoted ash retention in breast meat compared with conventional rearing procedures. The fatty acid profile of thigh and breast meat showed different responses to broiler rearing systems. Both thigh and breast meat of conventionally reared slow-growing birds contained higher cholestorel levels. Breast and thigh meat yielded from conventionally reared fast-growing birds had a markedly higher red appearance, but a lower yellow colour, than those of slow growers. The organic system increased the yellowness of the meat. In conclusion, the organic rearing procedure provided no added benefit to chicken meat quality than current conventional applications, except in yellowness. Meat produced from birds in the organic system did not meet consumer expectations of presenting a lower n-3 but a higher n-6/n-3 ratio in thigh meat. Keywords: Fast-growing broilers, slow-growing broilers, organic production, meat quality
An ontology representing Roberto Burle Marx’s landscape design solutions

The objective of this undergoing research project is to propose a new approach to landscape design education, based on design cognition and computational design theories, such as patterns, shape grammars and parametric design. The system is based on an ontology that contains classes of design concepts and examples of their instances. This paper shows specifically the development of the ontology that will structure the whole system. The information necessary to understand each of the design concepts is represented by a schematic shape grammar rule. Each concept will be illustrated by a good example of application, extracted from the work of Brazilian landscape designer Roberto Burle Marx. A prototypical implementation of the system is being developed, with a hierarchical taxonomy of the concepts and examples.
Changes in depth distribution and biomass of sublittoral seaweeds at Helgoland (North Sea) between 1970 and 2005

Recent investigations of the intertidal macrophyto- and zoobenthos of the island of Helgo- land (North Sea) revealed that species composition and spatial extent of communities have changed within the last century. To evaluate the situation in the subtidal, a diving study from the late 1960s was repeated with comparable methods in 2005 and 2006. Along 2 vertical transects, the cover of dominant brown seaweeds, Fucus serratus, Laminaria digitata, L. hyperborea, Saccharina latissima (= Laminaria saccharina), Sargassum muticum and Desmarestia aculeata, was semi-quantitatively assessed to define vegetation zones. Within each zone, all macroalgal species were estimated quantitatively in 3 to 6 random 1 m 2 quadrats. Additionally, a replicated biomass survey was performed at 6 depths (0.5, 2, 4, 6, 8 and 10 m below mean low water spring tide (MLWS)). Comparison of recent and historical data showed some characteristic changes. The previously dominant brown seaweed S. latissima showed a decline in the northern part of the island, but is still present at other sites. S. muticum invaded the kelp forest, but is not dominant within this vegetation. The vertical distribution of L. hyperborea increased, and its lower depth limits as well as those of various understory seaweeds deepened by about 2 to 8 m. Biomass data followed this trend. The maximum biomass of L. hyperborea shifted from 2 m below MLWS in 1967 to 4 m below MLWS in 2005. The overall downward extension of the Laminaria forest is concordant with the increase in water transparency observed around Helgoland since 1975.
Visualizing large graphs

With the prevalence of big data, there is a growing need for algorithms and techniques for visualizing very large and complex graphs. In this article, we review layout algorithms and interactive exploration techniques for large graphs. In addition, we briefly look at softwares and datasets for visualization graphs, as well as challenges that need to be addressed. WIREs Comput Stat 2015, 7:115–136. doi: 10.1002/wics.1343
A typology of the theories of the roles of governing boards

he main focus of this paper is to analyzethe mainstream academic thoughts onthe roles of governing boards. Six majorroles are identified: linking, coordinating,control, strategic, maintenance and supportroles. These roles are consistent with, andat the same time reflecting one of themain arguments of six different schools ofthoughts: resource dependency theory, stake-holder theory, agency theory, stewardship theory,institutional theory and managerial hegemony.A classification of the relationship betweenthese theories and the six identified roles ismade by using a typological approach. Thetypological parameters used are extrinsic andintrinsic influences, the impact of externaland internal environments, as well as func-tional and behavioural approaches. Thetypology gives rise to the need of a newtheory on the roles and functions of govern-ing boards.
Exploring Studies of Information Security Culture in Malaysia

security management in terms of improving employees’ security behavior in dealing with information assets. Many studies have been done to explore and investigate ISC in various aspects including the concepts, factors, challenges and particular applications related to assessment of ISC in an organization. However, there is no an indication on the current status of ISC studies that have been done in Malaysia. This paper will discuss these matters to provide a clear picture of the ISC studies in Malaysia and analyze particular areas that need to be further explored. It revealed that there are many areas and issues still not being comprehensively examined and series of studies need to be done so that better solutions relating to the ISC issues in Malaysian organization could be formulized.
Information Criterion for Minimum Cross-Entropy Model Selection

This paper considers the problem of approximating a density when it can be evaluated up to a normalizing constant at a finite number of points. This density approximation problem is ubiquitous in machine learning, such as approximating a posterior density for Bayesian inference and estimating an optimal density for importance sampling. Approximating the density with a parametric model can be cast as a model selection problem. This problem cannot be addressed with traditional approaches that maximize the (marginal) likelihood of a model, for example, using the Akaike information criterion (AIC) or Bayesian information criterion (BIC). We instead aim to minimize the cross-entropy that gauges the deviation of a parametric model from the target density. We propose a novel information criterion called the cross-entropy information criterion (CIC) and prove that the CIC is an asymptotically unbiased estimator of the cross-entropy (up to a multiplicative constant) under some regularity conditions. We propose an iterative method to approximate the target density by minimizing the CIC. We demonstrate that the proposed method selects a parametric model that well approximates the target density.
Psychological Control, Parental Support, Adolescent Grades and School Engagement

Psychological Control, Parental Support, Adolescent Grades and School Engagement David B. Thompson School of Family Life, BYU Master of Science As we examined research on the effects of parental psychological control and support on adolescents, we noted that these variables have not been widely studied in relation to academic achievement. Using Flourishing Families data, we examined a subsample of females and males who reported parental psychological control and support as well as school engagement variables from adolescents, fathers and mothers. We also used observed variables of grade point average (GPA). Structural equation modeling was used to determine whether parental psychological control and support would negatively or positively relate with academic achievement outcomes of GPA and school engagement. Psychological control and support processes significantly related with GPA and school engagement for both boys and girls. Therapists who work with parents should not only recognize the effects of psychological control on individual academic achievement, but should also recognize the importance of support from both parents and the importance of cross-gender parent-child relationships.
Sixth Class Students' Performance and Confidence Levels Before and After Training in Clinical Skills Laboratories

Background : Acquisition of basic clinical skills by undergraduate medical students is becoming of greater concern. Clinical skills laboratories may provide a comfortable environment for training and may allow students to gain adequate performance level. The aim of this study is to evaluate students' performance and confidence levels before and after training of selected procedural skills; also to explore students' expectation towards skills laboratory training. Methods : Two questionnaires were conducted before and after training sessions in the clinical skills laboratory, school of medicine, University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan. The skills selected for this study: suture practice, venous access, arterial access, intradermal and intramuscular injection, central venous cannulation, male and female urinary catheterization, nasogastric tube placement and rectal examination. Although fifty-seven 6 th year medical students filled the first questionnaire at the beginning before training, only 29 students could attend all training sessions, and fill the second questionnaire. Results : For all trained clinical skills, the mean students' performance scores and confidence levels were significantly increased after training (P <0.001). Expectations of students for skills laboratory were high. Conclusions : The students' performance and confidence levels were significantly improved after training in the clinical skills laboratory.
Mid-term results of total hip Arthroplasty with dual-mobility in a country with low-income: A review of 58 cases

Objectives: The aims of this work were to assess functional and radiographic results of primary total hip arthroplasty and to determine the profile of patients and the different indications. Materials and Methods: We conducted a retrospective study of 56 patients operated for total hip arthroplasty at Afagnan hospital (Togo), from first January 2007 to 31 December 2016. The clinical evaluation was made with Devane activity score and Postel Merle D’Aubigne (PMA) score. Radiologicaly, the analysis focused on the inclination of the cup, and the osseointegration of implants. Results: 56 patients underwent total hip arthroplasty with dual-mobility cups in which two bilateral. The average passing time of follow-up was 6, 5 years [range1-9 yrs. ]. The mean age was 42.69 years (20-77). The main indications were: aseptic osteonecrosis of hip 28 cases (48.27%), sequelae of trauma 11 cases (18.96%), hip dysplasia 4 cases (06.90%), and primitive degenerative arthritis 12 cases (20.69%). The PMA score increased from 9.1 (2-15) preoperatively to 15.8 (13-18) at the last follow. The average of the inclination cups was 42 degrees. No episode of luxation was watched for the arthroplasty with dual-mobility cup. The survival rate was 100%. Conclusion: Total hip arthroplasty were mainly impacted with a dual-mobility cup at the last follow; the overall results are satisfactory with PMA score of 15.8. Our study confirms the medium-term reliability of dual -mobility cup with 100% survival rate. These results must be tempered because of the occurrence of long-term complications related to the risk of dual mobility among young people.
POTENCIAT MOdEl: SIMUlATION OF URBAN STRUCTURE ANd SOCIOECONOMIC EVOlUTION UNdER A COMPlEXITY SCIENCE APPROACH

It is proposed a model for the urban sociospatial dynamics, considering transformation, either spatial or of urban land, as a result of the interaction among different levels of a system: individual decisions, urban subsystems and urban macro system, generating an ever changing process. Growth and activity location follow principles such as attractiveness, accessibility, rent-gap, spatial interaction and social and economic interdependence. Urban dynamic representation will occur from the model POTENCIAT based on activities which, at each interaction, allocate these activities in a system represented by regular cells. The cells occupied by complementary activities interact with the new ones, e.g., attraction locations. Those cells that contain incompatible activities will have negative values, causing repulsion. The analogy used reduces the urban system to a field of positive and negative charges, simulating the attractiveness of each urban activity located spatially generating attraction and repulsion fields that affect new allocations.
Customer Engagement Behaviour in the Fashion Industry

B2C companies attempt to integrate an active consumer into their business processes. Among various concepts explaining the customers’ activity in value co-creation process, the customer engagement behavior (CEB) emerges as one of the most holistic managerial approach. Since there is the diversity in the ways customer engagement has been interpreted, the purpose of this paper is to propose the pragmatic understanding of CEB in the field of marketing discipline and offer the classification of the CEBs. The case study research method was applied to identify the CEBs in the fashion sector. Fashion has the significant contribution to the ecommerce sales and is one of the most engaging product category due to high affective customer involvement. This paper contributes to the marketing theory and practice. It extends the present knowledge on CEB, its antecedents and managerial related concepts. It also offers new CEBs classification matrix practical in the further development of the firms’ customer engaging strategies.
Usability Evaluation Model for Mobile Banking Applications Interface: Model Evaluation Process using Experts' Panel

Many of the existing usability evaluation models for mobile applications have not been evaluated to determine its usefulness, accuracy and applicability in to the real world environment. This may not provide confidence on the side of the evaluator and the results may not be comprehensive and valid. A model for evaluating the usability of mobile banking applications interface is developed in response to usability practitioners and mbanking applications developers’ needs. The experts implemented the model using various m-banking application platforms through heuristic evaluation method. A list of predefined validation measures were used by the experts’ in order to determine the accuracy and applicability of the proposed model. The results show that the model is useful, accurate and can be used for evaluating the usability of m-banking applications interface. Therefore, this paper will benefit both the research community and the usability practitioners towards better understanding of model validation process.
Sodium silicate mediated response of antioxidative defense system in Lycopersicon esculentum mill. under water stress

The present study was designed to study the effect of water stress on Lycopersicon esculentum Mill. and role of sodium silicate in the protection of tomato plants under water deficit condition. Different biochemical parameters such as photosynthetic pigments, protein, sugar, MDA content, proline, nitrate reductase activity and activities of antioxidant enzymes (SOD, CAT, APX and POX) were examined in tomato leaves at 40 and 60 DAS by the standard methods. The lycopene and β-carotene contents in tomato fruits were also analyzed at 60, 65 and 70 DAS. Water stress significantly decreased relative water content (RWC), pigment content, sugar and protein contents in tomato leaves at 60 DAS but the accumulation of proline was stimulated in tomato leaves under water deficit condition. The activities of antioxidant enzymes such as SOD, CAT, APX and POX were significantly increased under (3d and 6d) water stress condition at 60 DAS. This study offers first hand information on the water stress-induced oxidative stress in Lycopersicon esculentum and development of antioxidative defense system against drought. The results obtained clearly indicated the positive impact of sodium silicate in protection of tomato plants under water deficit condition.
Development of Performance Indicators Relationships on Sustainable Healthcare Supply Chain Performance Measurement Using Balanced Scorecard and DEMATEL

Sustainable healthcare supply chain performance measurement (SHSCPM) concept is still less developed. Globalization and pressure from stakeholder demand the operation of the supply chain to give attention to the environment effect, community, economic and intangibility assets. SHSCPM is feasibly developed for measuring the performance of simultaneous sustainability aspects and intangibility assets to meet customer satisfaction. This article discusses SHSCPM based on the balanced scorecard (BSC) with attention to the sustainability aspects, intangibility assets and relationships between the performance of perspectives and indicators. The perspectives and indicators of performance were identified by literature and the confirmed and validated by the survey to 7 expert respondents. We found 5 perspectives and 39 indicators from literature which were then confirmed to expert through a survey with an in-depth interview. From a survey that validated with a weighted average (WA) and level of consensus (LC), we found 31 valid indicators. Finally, 29 indicators from DEMATEL process were selected to be used on SHSCPM. The DEMATEL process found 2 indicators aren’t important and influence for other, namely inventory cost and regulations and laws. Besides, the four results on this study: intangibility indicators incorporated on innovation and growth were most affect to other indicators which the intangibility indicators were related with human resource, indicators on customer perspective were most important compared to other indicators, indicators on economic aspect were most important compared indicators on environmental and social aspects, and indicators on social aspect were not affected by other indicators. After that, human resource and customer were main factors for SHSCPM. Finally, relationships between perspectives and indicators used to design of BSC strategy map.
Development of Anti-Diarrhoeal Polyherbal Formulation “Antitrots”

Objective: The study evaluated the antidiarrhoeal activity of polyherbal formulation “antitrots” prepared in solution form by using the hydroalcoholic fruits extract of Phyllanthus emblica and Solanum nigrum against castor oil induced diarrhoea. Materials and Methods: Polyherbal solution was formulated using fruits extract of both the plants with excipients and evaluated for physicochemical and antidiarrhoeal activity. The standard drug used for study was loperamide. Results: The studies revealed that at dose of 200 mg/kg polyherbal formulation showed a considerable reduction of diarrhoea but at a dose of 400 mg/kg showed significant reduction of diarrhoea compared to vehicle control group when subjected to castor oil induced diarrhoea and intestinal motility model. Conclusion: The obtained results were nearly comparable with standard drug. Therefore the prepared formulation “antitrots” an effective antidiarrhoeal formulation.
Development of a Cancer Related Patient Empowerment Scale Using the Polytomous Rasch Measurement Model

Aims and objectives: A scale to measure empowerment amongst cancer patients was developed in order to understand and quantify empowerment amongst cancer patients. Background: Within the field of cancer research, understanding the ways in which cancer patients gain control over their illness can be an important factor in helping patients reduce anxiety and maintain a reasonable quality of life. Design: The Patient Empowerment Scale was developed from a set of markers identified from the literature on empowerment and self-efficacy and from interviews with patients. Methods: The Polytomous Rasch Measurement Model was selected as the most appropriate means of examining the psychometric properties of the scale items, and of investigating how cancer patient respondents interacted with each statement. Results: Items from the initial 28-item scale were refined using the results from the Rasch analysis to form the final 15-item scale. The Person Separation Index of 0.78 indicated an acceptable degree of reliability. Conclusion: The results indicate the scale has acceptable psychometric properties which may be enhanced by the development of more intense items to better measure patients with high levels of empowerment and thereby increase the reliability of their measures.