Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
TUBERCULOSIS AND HIV DOUBLE TROUBLE

INTRODUCTION Tuberculosis has been closely linked to HIV since the exposure of AIDS. Tuberculosis causes infection affecting HIV individuals, and the most common cause of death in AIDS patients. TB is known to affects the lungs; however it can also affect the brain, kidneys or other organ systems. TB can cause serious health problems and even death in serious cases (when no medicine can cure the Mycobacterium Tuberculosis). Patients with tuberculosis has a weak immune system and hence known as an opportunistic infection. [1] The risk is high especially for those people who are HIV positive. The host individual which has the two pathogens, Mycotuberculosis and HIV, enhance each other; hasten the drop of immunological functions and results in the premature death if left untreated. TB is known to exacerbate the HIV infection. [2]
Periodontal disease and endothelial dysfunction

En presencia de factores de riesgo cardiovascular, como hipercolesterolemia, hipertensión, diabetes, envejecimiento, tabaquismo y otros, las funciones del endotelio se alteran, de manera que se pierde el rol homeostático de éste, y se da lugar a una situación de desequilibrio denominada disfunción endotelial. Esta situación se caracteriza por alteraciones en el patrón de producción y liberación de factores vasoactivos derivados del endotelio como el óxido nítrico y los agentes oxidantes, inflamatorios y protrombóticos. Debido a estas características, la disfunción endotelial se considera la base fisiopatológica de la aterosclerosis y de su complicación trombótica, y por lo tanto de los accidentes cardio y cerebrovasculares. Mas aún, se considera que la disfunción endotelial es el nexo entre factores de riesgo y accidentes aterotrombóticos (1, 2).
Teaching and Learning from a Different Perspective: The Case for Culturally Responsive Curriculum

Every workday, educational practitioners cross thresholds into America’s K-16 learning environments encountering a new and evolving set of opportunities and obstacles. Squarely on the table of educational issues is the discussion surrounding the capacity of and the teacher efficacy in the ability of all students to learn. This notion is no truer than for students from diverse backgrounds. Deeper discussions may center on the existence of achievement gaps and variances in performance outcomes of students from non-dominant populations. The inception of the No Child Left Behind Act (NCLB) of 2001 brought forth greater scrutiny with regards to student performance. Increasing numbers of researchers are engaging in scholarly inquiry with respect to the academic achievement of students from culturally, linguistically, and economically diverse backgrounds. Richards, Brown, and Forde (2007) contend that the changing demographic make-up of today’s classrooms necessitates teachers to be able to instruct students who differ in culture and language abilities. They further posit that in order to meet the differing needs of these diverse learners, teachers must not only utilize theoretically sound instructional practices, but also engage in culturally responsive pedagogy. The work of other noted researchers has suggested that when students are able to identify culturally-relevant components reflected in responsive curricula that are infused with high-yield instructional strategies, engagement and student achievement increase (Banks, 1995; Gay, 2000; Hattie, 2009; Ladson-Billings, 1994).
Herpes Simplex Virus type -2 infection and associated risk factors among weaver's community in Tamil Nadu State, India

Herpes Simplex Virus Type-2 Infection and Associated Risk Factors among Weaver’s Community in Tamil Nadu State, India Objective: To determine the presence of HSV-2 and its association to demographic and risk factors in the weavers population of Tamilnadu. Methods: 296 adults were surveyed in Kanchipuram, Erode and Tiruvannamalai districts of Tamil Nadu. Socio-demographic characteristics were obtained through interviews and 5 ml of blood was collected from individuals age 18 and over. Samples were tested for IgG anti HSV antibodies. The association between HSV- 2 infection and different behavioural variables was analysed using chi-square analysis.
CHECKING IN AT THE BATES MOTEL? EXPLORING THE FEEDBACK LOOP BETWEEN AIRBNB HOST AND GUEST

Recent improvements in communication, information and connectivity technologies have made new business models possible. Peer-to-peer platforms, collectively known as the sharing economy, have emerged as alternative suppliers of goods and services traditionally provided by long-established industries. Airbnb was founded in 2008 and enables people to book accommodations from a mobile phone or tablet, without involving a third party like travel agency or hotel manager. This implies that technology can replace customer service. This paper was guided by our research question: How is the interaction between Airbnb hosts and guests, and can the feedback loop be trusted? Drawing on some concepts of the “Market of Lemons theory” we wanted to investigate the potential positive and negative reinforcements of the feedback loop, which are enabled by the technological platform used by Airbnb. We interviewed current hosts and guests of Airbnb during the summer of 2017. Our findings indicate that both guests and hosts are reluctant to express certain negative experiences in the feedback loop, and that they are unaware of the consequences. This study confirms both the inflation of the rating with five stars, and the positively skewed written reviews. Our conclusion of this explorative study indicates that the feedback loop is not as trustworthy as users believe, especially when it comes to minor and high severity issues; while issues of medium severity seems to be reported. This study should be interesting to existing and potential hosts and guests of Airbnb and similar services, as well as researchers of the sharing economy.
Patient Characteristics, Screening Use, and Health Education Advice in a Chiropractic Practice-Based Research Network

Objective: to replicate questions from the National Ambulatory Medical Care Survey (NAMCS) in a sample of Doctors of Chiropractic (DCs) in a practice-based research network (PBRN) to assess the feasibility and appropriateness of the survey instrument for a larger study focusing on prevention and health promotion-related practices. Methods: The study population consisted of volunteer DCs in the Integrative Chiropractic Outcomes Network (ICON) PBRN. DCs recorded data on each patient who presented in their office during one designated day. Data were collected on chief complaints, screening procedures, diagnosis, and health education advice. Results: 530 patient visits were captured from 27 DCs in 21 practices. The most common complaint was back pain, and over 80% were established patients. Ordering of screenings on the day of the visit was infrequent, including radiography (4%). Most patients paid with private insurance (61%). Nearly half (49%) presented for a new complaint and only 4% for preventive care. 10.5% of the patients were recorded as tobacco users and over 65% were overweight or obese. Advice on physical activity/exercise was suggested to over 60% of patients. While
DANSA, A DANCE CURRICULUM TO INCREASE PHYSICAL ACTIVITY IN A NEWLY EMERGING LATINO COMMUNITY

This thesis develops a culturally appropriate dance curriculum to increase physical activity among the Latino community in Allegheny County. The program is called, DanSa: Danza, Salud y Familia (Dance, Health and Family). DanSa stemmed from an extensive review of the literature and lessons learned from the dance program Dancing 4 Health, a dance program developed by the Latin American Cultural Union (LACU) in 2014 and funded by Highmark, Blue Cross Blue Shield. The program’s goals were to promote health among Latinos in Pittsburgh, while preserving Latin-American and Caribbean culture. DanSa is a program incorporating a Latin American dance curriculum that aims to decrease sedentary behavior among Latinos. It is a 12-week program, offered three times per week to adults and their families in Casa San Jose, a center serving Latinos in the region. The program will include biometric measures and personal data that will be collected pre, mid and post program. In addition, exercise during the classes and outside of them will be measured through pedometers used by participants. DanSa aims to incorporate the community in the marketing and delivery of the program. Because the Latino community in Allegheny County is small (<2% of the total population) and geographically dispersed, the program will have a robust marketing campaign involving referrals (through word of mouth, physicians, key community members and organizations), transportation advertisement, print media and social media. The public health significance of this thesis is that it provides the field with a curriculum to increase physical activity in a newly emerging Latino community.
Managing for timber volume and Mountain Pine Beetle susceptibility: impacts on ecosystem production and soil organic carbon

The Quesnel timber supply area in central British Columbia, Canada, is dominated by stands of lodgepole pine. Extensive mortality of pine-dominated stands by mountain pine beetle has occurred and there is a concentrated effort to harvest the recently-killed and any remaining susceptible stands. Regional harvest projections also indicate a significant timber volume shortfall over the next 25 – 60 years and so a principle concern to forest managers is how best to regenerate newly-harvested stands without compromising longterm productivity (as reflected in measures of soil organic carbon; SOC). This issue is addressed by linking field estimates of forest floor and SOM with simulated outcomes of the different options using the ecosystem model, FORECAST. Harvesting at the culmination of mean annual increment (MAI) consistently produced the highest merchantable volumes with no risk of soil degradation in site series with the lowest (the SBPSdc 03) or highest (the SBSmc02 01) soil organic matter content. Harvesting according to MAI also has among the longest rotation lengths. If subsequent harvesting practices were conducted on short rotation then in pine-leading stands growing on sites with low SOC, harvesting that maximizes net expected benefit (MENB; a criterion that accounts for both merchantable volume and stand susceptibility to MPB) is the most feasible strategy. In unfertilized stands, this introduces a risk of soil degradation which can, however, can be mitigated with fertilizer. Fertilization has the added benefit of an increased merchantable volume and reduced rotation length. In spruce-leading stands on sites with low SOC, MENB generated the highest volumes but rotation lengths were too long to be appropriate for short-rotation forestry. The MPBS strategy (a criterion that accounts only for stand susceptibility to MPB) generated reasonable merchantable volume with no risk of soil degradation and no necessity for fertilization. In pine-leading stands on a site with high SOC, good merchantable volume production was generated by harvesting according to MENB but there was a risk of longterm soil degradation that was only partially mitigated by fertilization. 5. In spruceleading stands on nutrient-rich sites, MENB generated the highest volumes but rotation lengths were too long to be appropriate for short-rotation forestry. Good merchantable volume production can be generated by harvesting according to MPBS but there may be a risk of long-term soil degradation. Forest companies have a variety of options with which to generate sufficient timber volumes over the mid-term while accounting for risk from subsequent beetle outbreak. However, ecosystems with lower SOC content should be managed carefully to ensure that soil organic matter pools are not degraded unnecessarily.
Papaya Ringspot Virus (PRSV) Coat Protein Gene Virus Resistance in Papaya: Update on Progress Worldwide

Transgenic papayas have been marketed from Hawaii to the US mainland for 11 years and to Canada for 7 years. The resistance provided by a fragment of a Papaya ringspot virus (PRSV) coat protein (cp) gene enabled Hawaii’s papaya industry to recover from destruction. Commercialized in 1998, Hawaii papayas were joined in 2006 by China’s containing an untranslatable replicase gene. Worldwide, to our knowledge, these are the only commercialized transgenic papayas although Australia, Brazil, China, India, Jamaica, the Philippines, Taiwan, Thailand, Venezuela, and the US (Florida, Hawaii, US Virgin Islands) developed other transgenic virus resistant papayas. Taiwan’s dual cp genes protect against PRSV and Papaya leaf distortion mosaic virus and India seeks protection against PRSV and Papaya leaf curl virus. Florida has petitioned for deregulation of PRSV cp gene transformants. In other important papaya growing regions, either PRSV is not a major problem or alternative methods, for example, isolation, use of tolerant cultivars, or introgression of resistance genes from wild relatives, provide useful resistance. Brazil, India, Mexico, and Malaysia rely on broad expanses of buffer zones. In Thailand and the Philippines, tolerance was bred into local papayas and in Australia and the Philippines, resistance genes were introgressed from Vasconcellea quercifolia. The latter two examples show the importance of alternatives when hindrances impede adoption of new technologies, for example, conservative precautionary control policies adopted to provide time for government regulators to weigh benefits and detriments. Today, Hawaii supplies local, national, and international markets with high quality transgenic and/or nontransgenic fruit. Nontransgenic papayas are surrounded and protected by transgenic ones making it possible to produce both crops. Someday perhaps a similar scenario will be commonplace worldwide. _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________
BENEFITS AND CHALLENGES IN ENTERPRISE ARCHITECTURE MANAGEMENT: A CASE STUDY OF THE NORWEGIAN LABOUR AND WELFARE ADMINISTRATION

Enterprise Architecture is seen as instrumental to drive the digital transformation in enterprises. It is also important to achieve the benefits from innovative new business models and technologies. Many organisations have therefore undertaken extensive efforts to implement Enterprise Architecture (EA). It is, however, a challenging task to implement enterprise architecture in an organisation. There is also very limited research on this issue related to the public sector. This study explores the implementation of enterprise architecture (EA) in the Norwegian Labour and Welfare Administration - NAV. While the study revealed that NAV had not defined any clear benefits, we found 12 perceived potential benefits. We also uncovered 16 challenges that impeded the EA implementation.
Design Creativity : Integration of Design Insight and Design Outsight

The objective of this paper is to capture the essence of design creativity by focusing on design insight and design outsight. In this paper, it is shown that design insight and design outsight consist of two viewpoints : criteria and motive. Based on the reviews and discussions on design insight and design outsight, the design process is classified into three categories : artistic design process, creative design process and systematic design process. We define a combination of the artistic design process and systematic design process as the creative design process, and the nature of this process as design creativity. Finally, it is concluded that design creativity involves the integration of design insight and design outsight.
A PILOT STUDY OF FIRST-LINE CHEMOTHERAPY WITH 5-FU AND PLATINUM IN ADVANCED AND RECURRENT CANCER OF THE CERVIX

This study was designed to assess the role of first-line chemotherapy with 5-FU and platinum in the treatment of advanced or recurrent cervical cancer, ten patients with advanced or recurrent cancer of the cervix, with no prior chemotherapy were entered in phase II trial, from Oct. 2000 to Nov. 2001. Eight patients were treated with cis-platinum (50 mg/m2 over 60 minutes in first day) followed by 5-FU (1 g/m2 over 24 hours for 4 days) and two patients with impaired renal function were treated with carboplatin (300 mg/m2 over 15 minutes in first day) followed by 5-FU (1 g/m2 over 24 hours for 4 days) every three weeks, until progression of disease or prohibitive toxicity had been observed. Median age was 52 years (range: 28-70 years). Ten patients received a total of 42 cycles of chemotherapy. The mean number of chemotherapy cycles was 4.2 (median 4, range: 3-7). Three patients had partial response (30%, CI, 1.7%-58.5%). Mean response duration was 198 days (range: 122-273 days). Four patients required red blood cell transfusions; three of them had grade II and one of them grade III nausea and vomiting Two had fever and neutropenia (one developed acute renal insufficiency), and there wee no treatment related mortalities. First-line chemotherapy with platinum and 5-FU for advanced recurrent cervical cancer is promising and deserves consideration for large phase III trials.
MARSHALL PLAN SCHOLARSHIP PROGRAM REPORT

This thesis introduces architectures to provide Quality of Service for users and applications over the internet. To meet the needs of Quality of Service the IETF (Internet Engineering Task Force) defined two main frameworks called Integrated Services and Differentiated Services. Whereas Integrated Services establishes reservations for each flow along a path, Differentiated Services classifies packets on the networks edge in order to treat them by identifying the respective service class. In that context the approach of IPv6 opens up new possibilities. Also traffic engineering plays a very important role in order to increase the networks utilization.
Cetuximab in recurrent/metastatic (R&M) squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck (SCCHN) refractory to first-line platinum-based therapies

5505 Background: Patients with R&M SCCHN have a poor prognosis. Patients failing first-line therapy have few therapeutic options. Cetuximab (Erbitux) is an IgG1 monoclonal antibody targeting the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) which has shown second-line activity in SCCHN Methods: We present here a descriptive comparison of the intention-to-treat efficacy data from 330 patients treated with cetuximab (400 mg/m2 initial dose followed by 250 mg/m2/week) in 3 phase II studies (2 cetuximab plus platinum compound [at the same dose and schedule the patient progressed on] [n=96 and n=131] and 1 cetuximab monotherapy [n=103]) with historical data from a retrospective analysis in which 151 patients received various second-line treatments (Leon et al. Proc ASCO 2003). All patients had R&M SCCHN that had progressed on platinum-based therapy. Statistical analyses were not performed on these data. Results: The efficacy results are summarised in the table below. In all studies, cetuximab was well tolerated, the.
Estimates of marine mammal , turtle , and seabird mortality for two California gillnet fisheries : 1990-1995

i';i cinemammals, turtles, and seabIrds are ; ° stimated for the California drift gillnet ~shery for broadbill swordfish, Xiphias :'W,igladius, common thresher shark, ~i<iAlopias vulpinus, and shortfin mako iiM! {O, shark, Isurus oxyrinchus, and the set tlll'J gillnet fishery f~r Ca.lifornia halib.ut, iii::; Paralichthys cahformcus, and PacIfic ti,', ,angel shark, Squatina californica, for f¥«' the period July 1990 through Decem:/o,! ber1995.Estimates were based on obI;;':servations made by National Marine i;@:Jo'Fisheries Service observers placed ; °aboard commercial fishing vessels. 'early observer coverage varied between 4% and 18% of estimated total effort.Total fishing effort-days per California Department of Fish and Game °fishingblock was used as the measure ofeffortfor the drift and set gillnet fish"eries.Incidental kill was estimated , from observed data and estimates of ~t~~total effort by using mean-per-unit and ~(;jtrratioestimators. Additional bycatch r,;q! ,idata collectedby NMFS observers were 00 'usedto derive kill estimates of marine urtles and seabirds. In the drift gillnet fishery, seven out "V'I of 387 mammals observed entangled
Assessment Of Basic Practical Skills In An Undergraduate Medical

Introduction: Health educators and accrediting bodies have defined objectives and competencies that medical students need to acquire to become a safe doctor. There is no report in Malaysia, about the ability of medical students to perform some of the basic surgical skills before entering the houseman ship. The aim of this study is to determine whether the teaching/ learning methods of practical skills in our undergraduate program have been effective in imparting the desired level of competencies in these skills. Methods: A list of basic practical skills that students should be competent has been identified. These skills are taught in a structured way and assessed as part of the composite end- of- semester examination. Practical skills stations form part of an Objective structured practical examination (OSPE). Results: The results of 244 students who participated in three ends of semester examinations were analyzed. The mean score for the practical skills stations were higher than the mean OSPE (of all 18 stations) and overall score (of the written, practical and clinical examination). However the failure rate in the practical skills stations is higher in most of the stations (7 out of 8 stations) compared to overall failure rates. Conclusions: In spite of the formal skills training many students failed to demonstrate the desired level of competencies in these stations. Assessment of practical skills as part of overall composite examination may not be effective in ensuring that all students have achieved the required level of competency. Practical skills should be assessed through dedicated formative assessments to make sure that all the students acquire the required competencies.
The Psychological Status and the Perceived Social Support of Women Who Have Undergone Breast Surgery

Objective: This study explores the psychological status and the perceived social support of women who have undergone breast surgery. Method: The sample includes 100 women who have diagnosed with breast cancer, have surgically treated and having chemotherapy or radiation therapy. Measures used were Socio-Demographic Information Form which is prepared by the researchers, Brief Symptom Inventory and Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support. Non-parametric tests Mann Whitney U and Kruskal Wallis were used for statistical analysis. Findings: Sixty-three percent of the women stated that they haven’t heard much information about breast cancer and three quarters did not perform breast self-examination regularly before being diagnosed. There were no significant differences between total mastectomy and breast conserving surgery in terms of psychological status and perceived social support. The side effects of chemotherapy and radiation therapy are found to be associated with the changes in psychological status and perceived social support. The women who psychologically affected from the surgery have experienced changes in their sexual life, changed their clothing styles and put silicone breast prosthesis into their bras to decrease the effects of surgery on their appearance. Discussion and Conclusions: Breast surgery due to breast cancer and ongoing treatment process may cause psychological problems and increase social demands. In the sample of this study; psychological status and perceived social support were highly affected by breast surgery.