Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Comprometimento: uma avaliação sobre a prática organizacional

O presente artigo descreve um estudo de caso, por meio de uma analise quantitativa e qualitativa, objetivando analisar como os componentes da pratica organizacional podem interferir no comprometimento dos trabalhadores. Para tanto, utilizou-se, para o processo de coleta de dados, um instrumento de pesquisa adaptado para este trabalho; na primeira parte do instrumento foi utilizado Hackman e Oldham (1980), o qual considera os componentes do trabalho, e na segunda parte, foi utilizado Medeiros (2003), que trata das bases do comprometimento, ambos propostos por Cavalcante (2005). Ainda foi utilizado um estudo bibliografico que permitiu conhecer a base afetiva, afiliativa, instrumental e normativa do comprometimento. Como resultados, a analise permitiu conhecer os elementos da pratica organizacional adotada pela organizacao estudada, evidenciando que os componentes do trabalho influenciam principalmente a dimensao normativa e afiliativa do comprometimento, apresentando correlacoes menos significativas com o comprometimento instrumental, no que se refere as recompensas e oportunidades.
Effects of Variable Resistance Training on Maximal Strength: A Meta-Analysis

Abstract Soria-Gila, MA, Chirosa, IJ, Bautista, IJ, Baena, S, and Chirosa, LJ. Effects of variable resistance training on maximal strength: A meta-analysis. J Strength Cond Res 29(11): 3260–3270, 2015—Variable resistance training (VRT) methods improve the rate of force development, coordination between antagonist and synergist muscles, the recruitment of motor units, and reduce the drop in force produced in the sticking region. However, the beneficial effects of long-term VRT on maximal strength both in athletes and untrained individuals have been much disputed. The purpose of this study was to compare in a meta-analysis the effects of a long-term (≥7 weeks) VRT program using chains or elastic bands and a similar constant resistance program in both trained adults practicing different sports and untrained individuals. Intervention effect sizes were compared among investigations meeting our selection and inclusion criteria using a random-effects model. The published studies considered were those addressing VRT effects on the 1 repetition maximum. Seven studies involving 235 subjects fulfilled the selection and inclusion criteria. Variable resistance training led to a significantly greater mean strength gain (weighted mean difference: 5.03 kg; 95% confidence interval: 2.26–7.80 kg; Z = 3.55; p < 0.001) than the gain recorded in response to conventional weight training. Long-term VRT training using chains or elastic bands attached to the barbell emerged as an effective evidence-based method of improving maximal strength both in athletes with different sports backgrounds and untrained subjects.
The α1B‐adrenoceptor subtype mediates adrenergic vasoconstriction in mouse retinal arterioles with damaged endothelium

The α1‐adrenoceptor family plays a critical role in regulating ocular perfusion by mediating responses to catecholamines. The purpose of the present study was to determine the contribution of individual α1‐adrenoceptor subtypes to adrenergic vasoconstriction of retinal arterioles using gene‐targeted mice deficient in one of the three adrenoceptor subtypes (α1A‐AR−/−, α1B‐AR−/− and α1D‐AR−/− respectively).
The bat-eared fox: a prime candidate for rabies vector?

Bat-eared foxes, Otocyon megalotis, are small (3-5 kg), primarily insectivorous carnivores widespread in the more arid areas of southern and East Africa. For many months of the year they live in nuclear family groups, members of which frequently indulge in affiliative behaviour such as play, allogrooming, and huddling. Physical contact between individuals in any particular group is thus common. In addition, groups are non-territorial and intermingle freely at times when exploiting food-rich patches of clumped prey, e.g. individuals foraging for harvester termites, Hodotermes mossambicus.
Teste de Consumidores e Análise de Aparência, Sabores e Cores para o Desenvolvimento de Novos Produtos: o case do Projeto de Broinhas de Milho Saboreadas

Do ponto de vista de mercado, um produto e aquilo que o consumidor percebe como capaz de satisfazer uma necessidade material. Assim, a nocao de novo varia conforme o criterio que se utiliza na diferenciacao do produto em relacao aos seus concorrentes, pois, mesmo sem que haja algo tecnico e objetivamente novo o produto pode ser percebido como tal pelo consumidor. Neste artigo, a analise do Desenvolvimento de Novos Produtos e voltada para a area alimenticia, onde o produto analisado inclui-se na area dos congelados, sendo ele Broinhas de Milho Saboreadas. Para o desenvolvimento deste, manteve-se o foco em alguns requisitos basicos, como: cor; sabor, e; aparencia. O metodo de procedimento foi o hipotetico-dedutivo. A revisao de literatura foi realizada no nos portais Scielo e Capes . Para analisa-lo, foi feito o Teste de Consumidores. Neste teste, o produto foi degustado e depois avaliado atraves de um questionario. Diante disso, pode-se observar que o ponto forte das Broinhas de Milho Saboreadas sao a aparencia e o sabor, onde a cor deve ser aprimorada. Como pesquisas futuras aconselha-se a aplicacao desta analise para outros desenvolvimentos de novos produtos alimenticios.
Time resolved measurement of a pulsed X-ray source with the Timepix detector

The hybrid pixelated semiconductor Timepix detector is the successor of the Medipix2 X-ray detector. It is provided with additional functions directly integrated in the pixel electronics which allows to perform the measurement of event times of interacting X-ray photons in the silicon sensor layer in respect of the end of each acquisition. Due to the number of pixels of the device there are 65536 independently working channels available to determine the time structure of high flux X-ray sources which are operating in a pulsed mode. These X-ray sources are commonly used in medical applications and homeland security and create X-ray bursts in the range of 50 ns. We present the results of the time resolved measurement of a pulsed X-ray field and the corresponding measurement which was done in a collaboration with the Physikalisch Technische Bundesanstalt (PTB).
Inhibition of rat-liver RNA polymerase in vitro by aflatoxin B1 in the presence of microsomal fraction.

Aflatoxin B1 inhibits rat liver nucleoplasmic RNA polymerase B (40–50%) and cytoplasmic RNA polymerase C activities (25–35%) if applied in vivo. Nucleolar RNA polymerase A activity is not inhibited under the same conditions. Aflatoxin B1 has no effect on the activities of purified RNA polymerase enzymes A, B and C or on [3H]UTP incorporation of isolated rat liver nuclei in vitro. Aflatoxin B1, upon preincubation with a rat liver microsomal fraction, however, is apparently converted to a compound which then inhibits the activities of purified nucleoplasmic RNA polymerase (20–40%), cytoplasmic RNA polymerase (10–20%) and the incorporation of [3H]-UTP into isolated nuclei (38%). Nucleolar RNA polymerase activity is not affected under these conditions. The microsomal fraction, which most effectively converts aflatoxin B1 to an inhibitor of RNA polymerase is also the most effective cellular fraction catalysing the metabolism of aflatoxin B1.
Evaluation of strain gauge factors of graphene ribbon models based on first-principles electronic-state calculations

The present work has simulated the piezoresistivity coefficient in graphene ribbon based on the first-principles electronic-state calculation method. The carrier conductivity along the graphene ribbon models have been calculated using band carrier densities and their corresponding effective masses derived from the one-dimensional band diagram. The longitudinal and transverse gauge factors are large in our calculation, and the zigzag graphene ribbon is a high potential material with high piezoresistivity.
Experimental evaluation of four methods of progressive venous attenuation in dogs.

OBJECTIVE To determine the most effective and reliable method for progressive attenuation of single extrahepatic portosystemic shunts in dogs. STUDY DESIGN The effects of the four treatments on femoral vein diameter and histology were compared with controls. ANIMALS Fourteen healthy adult dogs. METHODS Twenty-eight canine femoral veins were subjected to sham surgery (4), partial attenuation using silk (5), cellophane banding (6), ameroid constrictor implantation (5), and intravascular thrombogenic coils (8). Changes in vein diameter were evaluated at weekly intervals using venography. After 6 weeks, the dogs were humanely euthanatized, and histopathology was performed on the femoral veins. RESULTS Only cellophane and ameroid constrictors produced progressive and permanent vein attenuation. Ameroid constrictors produced complete occlusion within 14 days in four of five veins and by 21 days in the fifth vein. Cellophane banding produced slow progressive (but not complete) attenuation in five of six veins. Complete occlusion was demonstrated in four of eight veins after thrombogenic coil implantation; however, recanalization occurred in all but one dog. Perivascular silk did not produce significant progressive attenuation. CONCLUSIONS Ameroid constrictors produced rapid occlusion of femoral veins. Cellophane banding resulted in slower attenuation. Thrombogenic coils produced attenuation, but this was not sustained in many cases. Silk did not promote ongoing attenuation. CLINICAL RELEVANCE Both ameroid constrictor implantation and cellophane banding show promise for progressive attenuation of single extrahepatic portosystemic shunts in dogs. Because rapid occlusion was seen with ameroid constrictors, however, cellophane banding maybe a safer technique in animals with increased hepatic vascular resistance. Further evaluation of both treatments in clinical cases is warranted.
Intracellular calcium and force in single mouse muscle fibres following repeated contractions with stretch.

1. The role of the myoplasmic free Ca2+ concentration ([Ca2+]i) in the reduction of muscle force following contractions with stretch was investigated in single fibres from mouse toe muscle. Muscle fibres were either stretched by 25% of their optimum length (Lo) for ten tetani (Protocol I) or stretched by 50% of Lo for between ten and thirty tetani (Protocol II). Indo‐1 was used to measure [Ca2+]i. 2. In each protocol the stretch series was compared with isometric controls; the stretch series always resulted in greater changes in muscle properties than in the isometric controls. The observed changes were (i) reduced tetanic force, (ii) reduced tetanic [Ca2+]i, (iii) increased resting [Ca2+]i and (iv) the greater relative reduction in force at low stimulus frequencies (30 and 50 Hz) compared with high (100 Hz). These changes were maintained for up to 60 min. 3. Stretching a resting muscle fibre had no effect on the subsequent [Ca2+]i or force. 4. Following Protocol I 10 mM caffeine restored tetanic force to pre‐stretch levels. Tetanic [Ca2+]i vs. force curves were constructed pre‐ and post‐stretch and showed that neither the maximum Ca(2+)‐activated force nor the Ca2+ sensitivity of the muscle fibres post‐stretch was significantly different from control. The force reduction, therefore, appears to be the result of reduced tetanic [Ca2+]i. 5. The more severe stretching regimen of Protocol II resulted in a much greater reduction in force than Protocol I. Ten millimolar caffeine did not restore control force. Comparison of the [Ca2+]i‐force relationships pre‐ and post‐stretch showed that the reduction in tetanic force was caused by a combination of a reduced tetanic [Ca2+]i, reduced maximum Ca(2+)‐activated force and reduced Ca2+ sensitivity. 6. Following both protocols the resting [Ca2+]i showed a small rise which persisted for at least 60 min. This elevated [Ca2+]i was associated with a reduction in the pump rate of the sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca2+ pump. 7. This study establishes that reduced Ca2+ release and reduced Ca2+ sensitivity contribute to the reduction in force generating capacity of single mammalian muscle fibres following active stretches.
Changing Patterns in the Neuropathogenesis of HIV During the HAART Era

Rapid progress in the development of highly active antiretroviral therapy has changed the observed patterns in HIV encephalitis and AIDS‐related CNS opportunistic infections. Early in the AIDS epidemic, autopsy studies pointed to a high prevalence of these conditions. With the advent of nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors, the prevalence at autopsy of opportunistic infections, such as toxoplasmosis and progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy, declined while that of HIV encephalitis increased. After the introduction of protease inhibitors, a decline in both HIV encephalitis and CNS opportunistic infections was observed. However, with the increasing resistance of HIV strains to anti‐retrovirals, there has been a resurgence in the frequency of HIV encephalitis and HIV leukoencephalopathy. HIV leukoencephalopathy in AIDS patients failing highly active antiretroviral therapy is characterized by massive infiltration of HIV infected monocytes/macrophages into the brain and extensive white matter destruction. This condition may be attributable to interactions of anti‐retrovirals with cerebrovascular endothelium, astroglial cells and white matter of the brain. These interactions may lead to cerebral ischemia, increased blood‐brain barrier permeability and demyelination. Potential mechanisms of such interactions include alterations in host cell signaling that may result in trophic factor dysregulation and mitochondrial injury. We conclude that despite the initial success of combined anti‐retroviral therapy, more severe forms of HIV encephalitis appear to be emerging as the epidemic matures. Factors that may contribute to this worsening include the prolonged survival of HIV‐infected patients, thereby prolonging the brain's use of increasingly toxic combinations of poorly penetrating drugs in highly antiretroviral‐experienced AIDS patients, and selection of more virulent HIV strains with higher replication rates and greater virulence in neural tissues.
Qualinet White Paper on Definitions of Quality of Experience

This White Paper is a contribution of the European Network on Quality of Experience in Multimedia Systems and Services, Qualinet (COST Action IC 1003, see www.qualinet.eu), to the scientific discussion about the term "Quality of Experience" (QoE) and its underlying concepts. It resulted from the need to agree on a working definition for this term which facilitates the communication of ideas within a multidisciplinary group, where a joint interest around multimedia communication systems exists, however approached from different perspectives. Thus, the concepts and ideas cited in this paper mainly refer to the Quality of Experience of multimedia communication systems, but may be helpful also for other areas where QoE is an issue. The Network of Excellence (NoE) Qualinet aims at extending the notion of network-centric Quality of Service (QoS) in multimedia systems, by relying on the concept of Quality of Experience (QoE). The main scientific objective is the development of methodologies for subjective and objective quality metrics taking into account current and new trends in multimedia communication systems as witnessed by the appearance of new types of content and interactions. A substantial scientific impact on fragmented efforts carried out in this field will be achieved by coordinating the research of European experts under the catalytic COST umbrella. The White Paper has been compiled on the basis of a first open call for ideas which was launched for the February 2012 Qualinet Meeting held in Prague, Czech Republic. The ideas were presented as short statements during that meeting, reflecting the ideas of the persons listed under the headline "Contributors" in the previous section. During the Prague meeting, the ideas have been further discussed and consolidated in the form of a general structure of the present document. An open call for authors was issued at that meeting, to which the persons listed as "Authors" in the previous section have announced their willingness to contribute in the preparation of individual sections. For each section, a coordinating author has been assigned which coordinated the writing of that section, and which is underlined in the author list preceding each section. The individual sections were then integrated and aligned by an editing group (listed as "Editors" in the previous section), and the entire document was iterated with the entire group of authors. Furthermore, the draft text was discussed with the participants of the Dagstuhl Seminar 12181 "Quality of Experience: From User Perception to Instrumental Metrics" which was held in Schlos Dagstuhl, Germany, May 1-4 2012, and a number of changes were proposed, resulting in the present document. As a result of the writing process and the large number of contributors, authors and editors, the document will not reflect the opinion of each individual person at all points. Still, we hope that it is found to be useful for everybody working in the field of Quality of Experience of multimedia communication systems, and most probably also beyond that field.
Response of fiber Bragg grating transmission dips at twice the Bragg wavelength to transverse strain

The effect of transverse strain on a fiber Bragg grating fabricated using a phase mask with 536-nm pitch has been investigated through the study of its reflection and transmission features at twice the Bragg wavelength near 1552 nm, that are due to reflection/transmission from FBG periodicities associated with the phase mask periodicity. The occurrence of two peaks in the reflection spectrum is due to the interleaved refractive index modulations along the fiber core, with the periodicity of the phase mask that produces a type of π-phaseshifted grating. The response of these features to transverse strain is similar to that observed previously for features at 2/3 of the Bragg wavelength that also arise from the same complex refractive index structure.
One way of coping with diabetes.

People sometimes ask me how I have coped with diabetes over the past 38 years. I hope it has been good sense as well as luck which has enabled me to keep a normal optic fundus, blood pressure, peripheral pulses, and renal function. I have had coronary problems but not much more than many contem poraries. Most important is that until the past few years I have worked, played, travelled, dined, and wined without serious limitation. It all started just before my 30th birthday when I had an acute onset of thirst and polyuria (at 4 pm one Monday). After three days I tested my urine. As the Fehling's solution turned bright orange I dropped the tube: patients got diabetes, not doctors, I thought. But acceptance came quickly and I resolved not to let it hinder me in any way.
Detecting Change in News Feeds Using a Context Based Graph

News feeds have been utilized as a resource for extracting media context, and in particular for the discovery of unusual information within common news articles. In this paper, we present our research of interesting unusual and useful patterns within the context of different social issues. We build a temporal context-based graph using news articles from different news channels built around actions employed by different entities, as well as resources involved with particular social issues such as accidental fires, kidnappings, human trafficking, road accident victims, mining accidents, ebola virus, swine flu, structure failures, senior citizen and juvenile incidences, migrant boat accidents, and slavery, with particular attention being paid to events such as agitation and the passage of legislation. From each article, we extract information such as the organization name, numbers, etc., and build a temporal graph of news articles. We then use sentiment analysis to measure the sentiment of each sentence, which are then used as edge values in our graph. For context, we utilize the graph structural connections among verbs, organization names, numbers, etc. For content, we use the new word count for each article. We propose a graph-cut model that leverages context, content, and sentiment information, empirically evaluate our proposed method, and present results that improve upon baseline methods in terms of precision, recall, F1, and accuracy.
Prospective evaluation of community-acquired acute-phase hepatitis C virus infection.

BACKGROUND More than two-thirds of hepatitis C virus (HCV) infections in Western countries are caused by injection drug use, but prospective clinical data regarding the most common mode of HCV acquisition are rare, in part because acute-phase HCV infection is usually asymptomatic. METHODS To characterize acute-phase HCV infection, 179 HCV antibody-negative injection drug users were prospectively evaluated; 62 (34%) of these patients had seroconverted. Twenty of the participants who seroconverted had long-term follow-up with consistent monthly sampling before and after seroconversion, allowing detailed study. RESULTS The first indication of HCV infection was the presence of HCV RNA in serum, which preceded elevation of alanine transaminase levels and total bilirubin levels to > or =2 times baseline in 45% and 77% of patients, respectively. No subjects had jaundice. The median time from initial viremia to seroconversion was 36 days (range, 32-46 days). In one instance, viremia was detected 434 days before seroconversion. However, in no other case was HCV RNA detected >63 days before seroconversion. In subjects with viral persistence, a stable level of HCV RNA in the blood was noted in some subjects within 60 days after the initial detection of viremia, but in others, it was not apparent until >1 year later. In subjects with long-term viral clearance, HCV became persistently undetectable as early as 94 and as late as 620 days after initial viremia. CONCLUSIONS These data underscore the importance of nucleic acid screening of blood donations to prevent HCV transmission and of long-term follow-up to ascertain whether there is viral persistence, at least among injection drug users.
Trafficking and signaling in mammalian autophagy

Macroautophagy, here called autophagy, is literally a “self‐eating” catabolic process, which is evolutionarily conserved. Autophagy is initiated by cellular stress pathways, resulting in the sequestration or engulfment of cytosolic proteins, membranes, and organelles in a double membrane structure that fuses with endosomes and lysosomes, thus delivering the sequestered material for degradation. Autophagy is implicated in a number of human diseases, many of which can either be characterized by an imbalance in protein, organelle, or cellular homeostasis, ultimately resulting in an alteration of the autophagic response. Here, we will review the recent progress made in understanding the induction of autophagy, with emphasis on the contributions from our laboratory. © 2010 IUBMB IUBMB Life 62(7): 503–508, 2010
A REVIEW ON SOLUBILITY ENHANCEMENT TECHNIQUES

Solubility is the phenomenon of dissolution of solid in liquid phase to give a homogenous There are many techniques which are used to enhance the aqueous solu aqueous solubility can thus be a valuable aid to increasing efficiency and/or reducing side effects for drugs. This is true for parenterally , topically and orally administered solutions. used for the improvement of the solubility of poorly water Form, Use of precipitation inhibitors, Alteration of pH of the drug microe Precipitation pH adjustment , Nanonisation, Co Techniques , Solid Dispersion, Complexation , Micro Emulsion, Solid Solution ,Eutectic Mixture, Selective Adsorption on I nsoluble Carriers, Evaporative precipitation into aqueous solution, Use of surfactants, Use of amorphs,anhydrates,solvates and metastable polymorphs, Solubility Improve by The Use Method Which Are Desc techniques of solubilizaton for the improvement