Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Fractionation and partial characterization of the hemagglutinating and bacterial aggregating adhesins of Bacteroides gingivalis

In order to characterize the surface components responsible for hemagglutination and bacterial aggregation, the outer membrane complex of Bacteroides gingivalis W12 was isolated. It was found to contain both hemagglutinating and bacterial aggregating activity. Examination of the membrane material by biochemical analysis, SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and immunological means revealed that the crude outer membrane preparation contained three major proteins and a lipopolysaccharide (LPS) population which displayed size heterogeneity. At least two membrane proteins as well as the LPS were found to be antigenically active using immun-blot analysis. Using gel chromatography and an LPS disaggregating buffer the membrane material was separated into two fractions. An accompanying separation of the two adherenceactivities was observed. The fir s t membrane fraction, containing mostly protein and carbohydrate material was found to contain the bacterial aggregating activity. This fraction also contained a"smooth" IPS population. The second membrane fraction consisted of "rough"type LPS, protein and loosely bound li p i d and was found to contain the hemagglutinating activity. Further investigation revealed that bacterial aggregating activity was blocked by the presence of D-galactose (14 mM) , D-glucosamine (23 mm) and N-acetylglucoscmine (23 mm) and by dialysed iitmune rabbit serum. Dialysed non-immune rabbit serum did not block this activity. Bacterial
The effects of rapid leaf expansion on the growth and survivorship of a lepidopteran herbivore

Gustavia superba, a common understory tropical tree in the young forest of Barro Colorado Island, Panami, produces leaves synchronously and has very rapid leaf expansion. Rapid leaf expansion followed by a decrease in leaf "quality" contribute to larval mortality of a major herbivore, Entheus priassus. Most larval mortality occurs during the first and second instars and appears to be directly related to leaf age at the time of hatching. Larvae that hatch on expanding leaves have a higher probability of surviving than larvae that hatch on fully expanded leaves. Because of the rapid leaf expansion, ovipositing E. priassus females have only a few days to locate suitable host leaves. We believe that rapid leaf expansion in G. superba acts as a defense by minimizing the time the leaf is acceptable for oviposition due to the rapid decline in leaf quality after the completion of leaf expansion. A possible cost of rapid leaf expansion is high levels of nitrogen in the young leaves, which may make these leaves more palatable to a greater range of herbivores.
Computer-aided CT image features improving the malignant risk prediction in pulmonary nodules suspicious for lung cancer

Screening for lung cancer with low-dose computed tomography (CT) has led to increased recognition of small lung cancers and is expected to increase the rate of detection of early-stage lung cancer. Major concerns in the implementation of the CT screening of large populations include determining the appropriate management of pulmonary nodules found on a scan. The identification of patients with early-stage lung cancer who have a higher risk for relapse and who require more aggressive surveillance has been a target of the intense investigation. This study was performed to investigate whether the computer-aided CT image features could improve the discrimination ability of lung cancer prediction models for nodules in whom malignancy was suspected.
TAn Empirical Study on the Associations among Transformational Leadership, Organizational Citizenship Behaviorand Organizational Justice

Toexamine the associations among transformational leadership, organizational citizenship behavior and organizational justice, data obtained from 233 blue-collar employees working in different departments at a manufacturing firm were used. Initially, transformational leadership, organizational citizenship behavior and organizational justice were defined. Consequently, correlation, regression, independent samples t-test and one way Anova analysis were performed according to the methodology of the research. Charisma/inspiration and individualized consideration dimensions of transformational leadership and distributive and interpersonal justice were found to have a direct effect on organizational citizenship behavior. Furthermore, charisma/inspiration and intellectual stimulation dimensions of transformational leadership were found to have a direct effect on organizational justice. Last, differences in perceptions of transformational leadership and organizational justice and levels of performing organizational citizenship behavior according to demographic characteristics of subordinates were investigated.
Food and Nutrition as natural immune-boosters: An Elaborative Review

Our body is provided with many mechanisms to protect itself from pathogenic invasion. One of those is our immune system which can be enhanced through a diet rich in nutrients that play an immunomodulating role in humans. Several foods contain components that stabilize the functioning of both our innate immunity (macrophages, NK cells, dendritic cells, neutrophils) and acquired immunity (T cells and B cells). This article reviews the published literature to identify a list of dietary ingredients that play a role in human immunity such as the production of immune cells, preventing any inflammatory responses, regulating gene expression, and preventing oxidation.
Research and application on set pair entity similarity model of social network

In allusion to the certain and uncertain value which exist in the node and relationship attributes of social network, From the attributes and relation angle of the entity to analyse the similarity degree of the affirmative, negative and uncertain between them, then build the set pair entity similarity model based on the set pair analytical method and apply it to the network association detection. First of all, applying the generalized pair close potential and the generalized set loose potential in social network based on set pair analysis method, and see it as the basis of association detection; secondly, giving the set similarity calculation method based on the entity attribute and relation, from the point of view of node attribute and relations attribute to calculate respectively, by setting the weight to consolidated calculate the set pair similarity of the entity; thirdly, utilizing entity set similarity to divide network association into clustering problem, then give the association partitioning algorithm; finally, integrating with the network instance to verify the effectiveness of the new network association partitioning algorithm.
Example based machine translation with type associated translation examples

EXAMPLE BASED MACHINE TRANSLATION WITH TYPE ASSOCIATED TRANSLATION EXAMPLES Hande DOĞAN M.S. in Computer Engineering Supervisor: Assist. Prof. Dr. İlyas Çiçekli January, 2007 Example based machine translation is a translation technique that leans on machine learning paradigm. This technique had been modeled by the learning process as: a man is given short and simple sentences in language A with their correspondences in language B; he memorizes these pairs and then becomes able to translate new sentences via these pairs in the memory. In our system the translation pairs are kept as translation templates. A translation template is induced from given two translation examples by replacing differing parts in these examples by variables. A variable replacing a difference that consists of two differing parts (one from the first example, and the other one from the second example) is a generalization of those two differing parts and these variables are supported with part-of-speech tag information in order to deteriorate incorrect translations. After the learning phase, translation is achieved by finding the appropriate template(s) and replacing the variables.
MINI-FACE EXpERIMENT TO ANALyzE ThE EFFECTS OF ELEVATED CO 2 AND WARMING ON phOTOSyNThESIS, GENE EXpRESSION, BIOChEMISTRy, GROWTh, NUTRIENT DyNAMICS AND yIELD OF TROpICAL FORAGE SpECIES

The observed and predicted rise in global atmospheric carbon dioxide concentration (CO 2 ), together with potential global warming and changes in precipitation, will undoubtedly have a significant economical and ecological impact on world agricultural crop plants, grasslands and forests. However, the response of tropical species to elevated CO 2 and warming has received little attention to date. The major contribution of this research proposal to FAPESP Research Program on Global Climate Change (RPGCC) is regarding the production of new and relevant scientific knowledge with emphasis in adaptation of tropical grazing species to a conservative climate change scenario. This proposal has been specifically designed to address a number of highly focused scientific questions in an interdisciplinary approach, in a national and international collaborative effort among agronomists, biologists, plant physiologists, molecular biologists and zootechnicians, in order to provide milestones and scientific deliverables regarding the responses of two contrasting tropical plants to global climate change. This research proposal aims to determine the effects of elevated CO 2 (600 ppm) and warming (+2°C), induced by infrared heaters, on the physiological, gene expression, biochemical, growth, carbon and nitrogen dynamics and yield responses of two tropical grazing species, Panicum maximum (C 4 grass) and Stylosanthes guianensis (C 3 legume), grown in consortium on a climate-change impact experiment using a mini-Face Figure 1. Physiological evaluation of plants through non-invasive and non-destructive methodology
Connecting Biological Detail With Neural Computation: Application to the Cerebellar Granule-Golgi Microcircuit

Neurophysiology and neuroanatomy constrain the set of possible computations that can be performed in a brain circuit. While detailed data on brain microcircuits is sometimes available, cognitive modelers are seldom in a position to take these constraints into account. One reason for this is the intrinsic complexity of accounting for biological mechanisms when describing cognitive function. In this paper, we present multiple extensions to the neural engineering framework (NEF), which simplify the integration of low-level constraints such as Dale's principle and spatially constrained connectivity into high-level, functional models. We focus on a model of eyeblink conditioning in the cerebellum, and, in particular, on systematically constructing temporal representations in the recurrent granule-Golgi microcircuit. We analyze how biological constraints impact these representations and demonstrate that our overall model is capable of reproducing key properties of eyeblink conditioning. Furthermore, since our techniques facilitate variation of neurophysiological parameters, we gain insights into why certain neurophysiological parameters may be as observed in nature. While eyeblink conditioning is a somewhat primitive form of learning, we argue that the same methods apply for more cognitive models as well. We implemented our extensions to the NEF in an open-source software library named "NengoBio" and hope that this work inspires similar attempts to bridge low-level biological detail and high-level function.
Rotavirus NSP4 in extrareticular sites: support for its pathogenic role as an enterotoxin

Rotavirus NSP4 in Extrareticular Sites: Support for Its Pathogenic Role as an Enterotoxin. (December 2007) Thomas Field Gibbons, B.A.A.S. , Midwestern State University; M.S., University of North Dakota Chair of Advisory Committee: Dr. Judith M. Ball Rotavirus non structural protein 4 (NSP4) was initially characterized as an endoplasmic reticulum intracellular receptor. Continued studies of NSP4 revealed additional functions performed by or dependent on NSP4, some of which required trafficking from the ER to other areas of the cell. Chiefly, purified NSP4 exogenously added to the PM has been shown to mobilize intracellular calcium by a phospholipase C/inositol trisphosphate signaling pathway, yet the details whereby NSP4 are able to exert enterotoxic actions are still unknown. Our initial hypothesis included the protein caveolin 1, which subsequently was proven to bind NSP4 and prompted continued investigation as to whether or not NSP4 utilized caveolin 1 for extrareticular transport and or function. Caveolin 1 is the defining protein of caveolae, a region of the plasma membrane rich in multiple molecules that function in signal transduction, including possible receptor mediated activation of the phospholipase C/inositol triphosphate pathway. To determine if NSP4 trafficked to caveolae, a novel isolation procedure was developed and utilized to show NSP4 in PM caveolae. Expanding on the caveolae/NSP4
Managing Customer Relationships

The customer relationship management (CRM) literature recognizes the long-run value of potential and current customers. Increased revenues, profits, and shareholder value are the result of marketing activities directed toward developing, maintaining, and enhancing successful company–customer relationships. These activities require an in-depth understanding of the underlying sources of value that the firm both derives from customers, as well as delivers to customers. We built our review from the perspective that customers are the building blocks of a firm. In order to endure long-term success, the role of marketing in a firm is to contribute to building strong market assets, including a valuable customer portfolio. CRM is an integral part of a company’s strategy, and its input should be actively considered in decisions regarding the development of organizational capabilities, the management of value creation, and the allocation of resources. CRM principles provide a strategic and tactical focus for identifying and realizing sources of value for the customer and the firm and can guide five key organizational processes: making strategic choices that foster organizational learning, creating value for customers and the firm, managing sources of value, investing resources across functions, organizational units, and channels, and globally optimizing product and customer portfolios. For each organizational process, we identify some of the challenges facing marketing scientists and practitioners, and develop an extensive
Chapter IX Towards a world with intelligent machines that can interpret the visual world

In the previous chapter, we introduced the idea of directly comparing computational models versus human behavior in visual tasks. For example, we assess how models classify an image versus how humans classify the same image. In some tasks, the types of errors made by computational models can be similar to human mistakes. Here we will dig deeper into what current computer vision algorithms can and cannot do. We will highlight the enormous power of current computational models, while at the same time emphasizing some of their limitations and the exciting work ahead of us to build better models.
Ceftaroline:a new cephalosporin with activity against resistant Gram-positive pathogens

Ceftaroline fosamil is a novel,parenteral,broad-spectrum cephalosporin exhibiting bactericidal activity against Gram-positive organisms,including MRSA and multidrug-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae(MDRSP),as well as common Gram-negative pathogens.On Oct.29,2010,the U.S.Food and Drug Administration approved ceftaroline fosamil to treat adults with community acquired bacterial pneumonia(CABP) and acute bacterial skin and skin structure infections(ABSSSI),including methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus(MRSA). The chemistry and structure-activity relationship,antibacterial activity,pharmacokinetics,pharmacodynamics,therapeutic efficacy,adverse effects were reviewed in this paper.
Molecular basis of cyanphage resistance in marine Synechococcus

Marine phytoplankton are responsible for ~50 % of global primary production and encompass a wide range of microorganisms characterized by being phototrophs. Within this group are the marine picocyanobacteria encompassing the phylogenetically closely related genera Synechococcus and Prochlorococcus. Bacteriophage lysis, as well as grazing by eukaryotic protists, play central roles as the major biotic causes of Synechococcus mortality in pelagic systems. However, Synechococcus populations show no extinction, suggesting high rates of production counteract this mortality, or that specific bacteriophage resistance and prey-selectivity mechanisms exist. This thesis set out to determine the molecular basis of cyanophage resistance in marine Synechococcus, using previously isolated cyanophage resistant Synechococcus sp. WH7803 mutants. Whole genome sequencing (WGS) analysis revealed that these cyanophage-resistant Synechococcus sp. WH7803 mutants, as well as a re-sequenced wild type strain, possessed a distinctive mutation profile, with a high number of mutations present in each mutant and with mutations present at a variable frequency. Such a profile is in stark contrast to what was recently found in Prochlorococcus where specific mutations could be identified at 100 % frequency (Avrani et al., 2011). The mutation profile of Synechococcus sp. WH7803 prevented the precise identification of specific genes involved in cyanophage resistance in this strain. This profile was hypothesised to be related to Synechococcus sp. WH7803 being an oligoploid organism, i.e. possessing more than one chromosome copy. Indeed, a qPCR assay that was optimised showed this strain possesses on average four chromosome copies. Subsequent isolation and WGS characterisation of cyanophage resistant mutants from the monoploid strain Synechococcus sp. WH7805 revealed a completely different mutation profile, most similar to that previously described for Prochlorococcus. This identified mutations in a single gene, encoding a possible glycosyltransferase, that were confirmed by Sanger sequencing, as being potentially responsible for cyanophage resistance in this strain.
Experience of Intravenous Thrombolytic Treatment in Sanliurfa: A Prospective Study

Objective: Stroke ranks second among the diseases that cause death and third among the causes of disability in Turkey. An average of 1.9 million neurons die every minute due to acute ischemic stroke and therefore ‘time is brain’. Intravenous thrombolytic treatment (ITT) and, if possible, endovascular treatment should be initiated quickly. We aimed to share our ITT experience in Sanliurfa with this study. Materials and Methods: We recorded the clinical and demographic characteristics, risk factors, and three-month follow-up of 21 patients with acute ischemic stroke who were given ITT between June 2015 and July 2017. Results: Of the 21 patients, nine were male and 12 were female, and the mean age was 72.1±11.8 (range, 48-87) years. Large vessel occlusion was found in five (23.8%) patients, cardioembolism in 9 (42.9%), and small vessel occlusion in 2 (9.5%) patients; etiology was not determined in five (23.8%) patients. Atrial fibrillation was found in 38.1%, hypertension in 57.1%, diabetes mellitus in 23.8%, coronary artery disease in 33.3%, hyperlipidemia in 19%, and smoking in 33.3% of the patients.The NIHSS score was 11.7±6.7 (range, 2-24) prior to treatment. The symptom-onset to needle time was 185±55.8 minutes when 19 patients were evaluated. Intracerebral hemorrhage was observed in two (9.5%) patients after treatment. One patient was asymptomatic and the symptomatic patient (4.75%) died despite decompression surgery. Ten patients died and the mortality rate was 47.6% at the end of the three-month follow-up period. The modified Rankin scale score was 0-2 in eight patients (38.1%) and was 0-1 in seven patients (33.3%). ITT was given to seven patients aged ≥80 years, five patients with NIHSS <5, and two patients in whom the treatment window was exceeded, which was non-adherent to the label. Conclusion: ITT is effective and safe. It increases the number of independent living patients. We must strive to perform this treatment all over Turkey and encourage our colleagues.
Host–microbiota–insect interactions drive emergent virulence in a complex tree disease

Forest declines caused by climate disturbance, insect pests and microbial pathogens threaten the global landscape, and tree diseases are increasingly attributed to the emergent properties of complex ecological interactions between the host, microbiota and insects. To address this hypothesis, we combined reductionist approaches (single and polyspecies bacterial cultures) with emergentist approaches (bacterial inoculations in an oak infection model with the addition of insect larvae) to unravel the gene expression landscape and symptom severity of host–microbiota–insect interactions in the acute oak decline (AOD) pathosystem. AOD is a complex decline disease characterized by predisposing abiotic factors, inner bark lesions driven by a bacterial pathobiome, and larval galleries of the bark-boring beetle Agrilus biguttatus. We identified expression of key pathogenicity genes in Brenneria goodwinii, the dominant member of the AOD pathobiome, tissue-specific gene expression profiles, cooperation with other bacterial pathobiome members in sugar catabolism, and demonstrated amplification of pathogenic gene expression in the presence of Agrilus larvae. This study highlights the emergent properties of complex host–pathobiota–insect interactions that underlie the pathology of diseases that threaten global forest biomes.
The Effect of the Unofficial Sponsorship of a Celebrity Doing a Good Cause on Consumer Responses: An Empirical Investigation

This study contributes to the area of corporate sponsorship by proposing and empirically testing the effect of the unofficial sponsorship of a celebrity doing a good cause, which is a more costeffective alternative to the official sponsorship of celebrity, on consumer responses towards the unofficial sponsor and its brand. A sample survey was used to collect the data and structural equation modelling was used to analyse the data. Results show that attitudes toward the celebrity is significantly and positively affected by perceived altruistic motive of the celebrity, but not significantly affected by perceived self-benefit motive of the celebrity. Attitude towards the celebrity, in turn, has both a direct and indirect effect (via perceived altruistic motive of the firm, perceived self-interest motive of the firm and perceived quality) on attitude towards the firm, which in turn, positively affects intention to buy the firm’s products. Theoretical contribution, managerial implication, limitations, and future research directions are also discussed.
MINERAL NUTRITION OF SOME QUEENSLAND HEATH PLANTS

Australian 'heath' vegetation occurs on extremely impoverished soils of the less arid coastal areas of southern and eastern Australia. The heath of south-eastern Queensland, known as 'Wallum', in common with the other Australian heaths, shares many of the characteristics of the European heaths, consisting of stands, frequently dense, of perennial sclerophyllous shrubs and small trees, although the floristic composition is, of course, different (Coaldrake 1961). In contrast to the prolific growth of the native vegetation, the establishment and continued growth of species of agricultural importance on the Wallum soils requires the addition of at least eight nutrient elements: phosphorus, nitrogen, calcium, potassium, copper, sulphur, molybdenum and zinc (Young 1940, 1948; Mitchell & Cannon 1953; Andrew & Bryan 1955, 1958). Although there has been much speculation about the properties of heath vegetation in general which enable it to grow on infertile soils, little is known of the behaviour of the Wallum species. The present account describes an experiment in which representative Wallum species and cultivars of crop species were grown simultaneously in nutrient solution culture, and their growth responses to four major nutrients (nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and calcium) compared.