Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Motivation and Action Control in a Saving Lifestyle

Abstract The article presents three studies about saving money described as a routine behaviour and a way of life. The results underline the role of perceived risk, benefits and self-efficacy as motivational variables affecting savings and the meaning of strategies in action control that facilitate the intention to save and maintenance of saving behaviour. The mechanisms of control tested were action planning and coping with problems, monitoring of saving behaviour, maintenance of self-efficacy and its recovery after setbacks. The first study, using structural equation modelling, presents the meaning of motivational variables in the prediction of intentions and the mediating role of action control functions in explaining the relationship between intention and savings (N=227). The second study in the experimental arrangement confirms the beneficial influence of the same variables on financial decisions in unforeseen savings opportunities (N=460). The final study shows the beneficial results of a cognitive training session, which was focused on inducing motivation and raising the level of action control in the area of saving. These studies explain the motivation to save and maintenance of saving behaviours, which lead to consistent and sustainable saving actions.
Effect of Oil Supplemented Diet on Growth Performance and Meat Quality of Broiler Chickens

The study was carried out to examine how the fatty acid compositions of oils (soybean and palm oils) were reflected in the products and their effects on the growing performance of broilers. Feed consumption, body weight, abdominal fat/carcass yield and fatty acid levels of abdominal fat were determined. During treatment (day 0 to 38), the highest growth rate was recorded in control group while the lowest was in broilers fed a ration containing soybean oil. At the end of trial, the carcass fat content was generally higher in all treated groups compared to the control. Fatty acids composition was found to be greatly influenced by the dietary fat. The highest level of poly-unsaturated fatty acid was obtained from the group fed ration contained soybean oil. Consequently, the compositions of fatty acids from these sorts of animal products presented for human consumption was seen to highly alter depending on animal nutrition.
Metastable Phases and Transformations in the Engineering Materials

In this paper a survey of metastabilities will be presented, which often occur in important technical materials and processes. Several metastable phases are formed during rapid cooling of liquids or solid precursors. The industrially applied mechanical alloying, leading to the formation of nano-crystalline and amorphous systems will be also treated briefly together with the metastabilities, associated with the high specific surfaces. This knowledge is useful in the appreciation of driving force of sintering process. Finally some harmful and beneficial manifestation of mechanically induced dislocation pileup will be outlined. They were observed in rolling contact or sliding friction in certain mechanical machine parts.
Implementation of GA-Based Feature Selection in the Classification and Mapping of Disaster-Related Tweets

The extracted features from Twitter messages were transformed into feature vector matrix for which feature selection using an improved Genetic Algorithm was applied. The features selected were used to train and test the classifiers. The evaluation showed the effectiveness of the implemented feature selection method in the dimensionality reduction of the feature space and in increasing the accuracy of Multinomial Naive Bayes. Moreover, a web-based prototype utilizing the model was developed and was used to analyze tweet data pertaining to natural disasters in the Philippines. The prototype exhibited potential to harness the capability of social media as a tool in helping the affected community in times of natural crisis. This work may spark ideas for a more advanced development of IT-based disaster management applications.
Are South East Europe Stock Markets Integrated with Regional and Global Stock Markets?

This paper analyses whether stock markets of South East Europe (SEE) have become more integrated with regional and global stock markets during 2000s. Using a variety of co integration methodologies we show that SEE stock markets have no long-run relationship with their mature counterparts. This means that SEE markets might be immunized to external shocks. We also model time varying correlations among these markets by using Multivariate Generalised Autoregressive Conditional Heteroschedastic (MGARCH) models as well as the Exponential Weighted Moving Average (EWMA) methodology. Results show that the correlations of UK and US equity markets with South East Europe market change over time. These changes in correlations between our benchmark markets and individual SEE market pairs are not uniform although evidence of increasing convergence among South East Europe and developed stock market is evident. Also examined in this paper whether the structure of correlations between returns of indices in different markets changed in different phases of the 2007-2009 global financial crisis. Overall our results show that diversification benefits are still possible for investors wishing to diversify their portfolio between developed and emerging SEE stock markets.
Modeling children’s case marking errors with MOSAIC

We present a computational model of early grammatical development which simulates case-marking errors in children’s early multi-word speech as a function of the interaction between a performance-limited distributional analyser and the statistical properties of the input. The model is presented with a corpus of maternal speech from which it constructs a network consisting of nodes which represent words or sequences of words present in the input. It is sensitive to the distributional properties of items occurring in the input and is able to create ‘generative’ links between words which occur frequently in similar contexts, building pseudo-categories. The only information received by the model is that present in the input corpus. After training, the model is able to produce child-like utterances, including case-marking errors, of which a proportion are rote-learned, but the majority are not present in the maternal corpus. The latter are generated by traversing the generative links formed between items in the network.
A Climate Change Capitalisation Knowledge Inventory Platform

In the past decades, climate changes became increasingly noticed. As a result of these changes, many extreme events such as flooding and droughts occur. These have an expected increasing impact on society and the environment. Especially the Alps are affected with a stronger increasing temperature compared to the rest of Europe. As a societal reaction, adaptation strategies and tools have been launched. Among the adaptation tools are web-based adaptation platforms, which are assumed to be important governance tools. They support knowledge brokerage, awareness raising, capacity building, and crosslevel coordination. Within this manuscript we identify available platforms and previous Alpine Space Programme projects and their interdisciplinary and cross-subject climate change related information. We analyse available portals and elaborate design and user requirements for the Climate Change Knowledge Inventory Platform developed here. We found that many previously developed platforms integrate similar information, but automated information exchange between platforms is scarce due to interoperability limitations. To avoid these double works of entering the same findings again, our developed catalogue service for the web solution ensures standard compliant information provision to enable interoperability and thus the exchange of climate change information across platforms.
Dementia in a Senegalese Elderly Population of Patients 65 Years and Over: Prevalence and Risk Factors

Background: With the aging of the population, dementia is increasing worldwide. The objective of this study was to estimate the prevalence of dementia in an elderly population utilizing a primary health care service in Dakar, Senegal and to identify the risk factors. Methods: Through a cross-sectional conducted from March 2004 to 31 December 2005, 507 elderly patients aged 65 years and over received at the Social and Medical Center of IPRES, Dakar-Senegal were first screened with a screening interview questionnaire ‘Aging in Senegal’. Those who were cognitively impaired underwent a clinical exam to detect dementia. Uni, bi and multivariate logistic regression analysis were done. Results: The population of study has a mean age of 72.4 years (±5.2), mostly male, married, and non-educated. Hypertension, arthritis, gastro-intestinal diseases and were the main health conditions reported in the past medical history. Smoking was important while alcohol consumption was rare. Social network was high. Forty five patients (8.87%) had dementia. In the multivariate model, only advanced age, education, epilepsy and family history of dementia were independently associated with dementia. Conclusion: Prevalence of dementia is high in the elderly primary care patients with risk factors identical to the ones found in developed countries. It is important to take into consideration dementia in Senegal and to sensitise the community for primary prevention.
Small Banking Conditions and their Impact on the Economic Activity of US Firms

This study is directed towards the effects of bank lending, delinquencies, and other economic shocks on the performance of economic activity. I estimate the effect of these factors on employment, payrolls, and number of firms by firm size in the United States. Addressing conditions within the realm of small banks, one conclusion is that banks increase their total supply of bank credit after a reduction in capital levels. A number of former studies arrive at this conclusion, and this paper applies that hypothesis to more recent data. A common theme in related literature is that a "credit crunch" causes particular stress on small businesses because of their heavy reliance on external financing, which is mainly provided by small "community" banks. Small banks have historically been thought to have special ties to small businesses, but with the consolidation of banks over recent years, this study suggests that relationship between small banks and small businesses has declined. Using data for banks with assets under $300 million from 2001-2005, this study reveals ways in which real activity is affected by variations in bank credit conditions.
Pollinator-mediated impacts of the invasive plant species Lythrum salicaria on the native Decodon verticillatus

Plant-pollinator interactions in invaded communities can range from facilitative to competitive, with the latter being most commonly observed. If invasive species can successfully integrate into native plant-pollinator networks and change pollinator foraging patterns, native plant fitness in these communities could be altered. Here I examine the impact of the showy flowering invasive plant, purple loosestrife (Lythrum salicaria), on a co-flowering close relative, swamp loosestrife (Decodon verticillatus). Both species are in the family Lythraceae, share a number of floral traits, and tend to be visited by the same pollinator community. A pollen limitation experiment was conducted in invaded and uninvaded populations of D. verticillatus on Lake Opinicon, Ontario, to determine if the presence of the L. salicaria altered pollinator driven reproductive success in D. verticillatus. These experiments demonstrated that invaded communities suffer less pollen limitation than uninvaded communities, suggesting that there could be a positive impact of invasion on this particular measure of plant fitness. Complementary pollinator observations conducted at the same sites determined that the facilitative effect was not due to increased pollinator visitation to D. verticillatus, but rather suggest that there are differences in pollinator foraging patterns on inflorescences in invaded and uninvaded sites. While greenhouse experiments revealed a negative impact of L. salicaria pollen deposition on seed set in D. verticillatus, our field experiments suggest that invasive pollen transfer to natives in situ is not great enough to significantly mitigate the facilitate effects of an invasion on seed set. This work provides a unique contribution to the field of pollination biology as well as our understanding of the impacts of plant invasions, and suggests that positive as well as
Decomposition of Informal Care Supply Variation across Europe

Given the growing proportion of the elderly in the populations of Europe that affects organization and funding of long-term care, the availability of informal caregivers becomes increasingly important. It has been established that there exists a great variation across Europe in the proportion of people who provide some kind of informal care. Using comparable data across Europe, we examine the sources of this variation. We found a North – South gradient in the percentage of population providing informal care across Europe for three of the four types of informal care we analyzed. We then decomposed the difference between North and South clusters of countries and found that the differences are not mainly the result of differences in population characteristics but rather derive from differences in the effects of these characteristics that are associated with cultural and institutional differences. The detailed decomposition further reveals where particular policies can be targeted to increase the share of care provided by informal caregivers.
Assessment of the Impact of Circulation Design on Guests’ Satisfaction with Hotel facilities in Port Harcourt, Nigeria

As is true for all service industries, achieving customer satisfaction is a critical component of the success of hotel business. Therefore, this study investigated the impact of guests’ satisfaction with circulation design overall satisfaction with hotel facilities in Port Harcourt, Nigeria. It was motivated by the dearth of published empirical literature on this subject from the Nigerian perspective. A questionnaire survey involving 103 guests drawn from three hotels was conducted between December 2015 and January 2016 in the study area. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, factor and categorical regression analyses. The result reveals that the guests were more satisfied with internal circulation than external circulation in the hotels. The main sources of dissatisfaction were poor usage of signage to direct pedestrian and vehicular traffic; the lack of pedestrian walkways; and poor access to outdoor recreational facilities within the premises of the hotels. The respondents understood the 35 variables used in assessing guests’ satisfaction with circulation in the hotels from five different dimensions of satisfaction with the location of circulation elements and ancillary facilities; satisfaction with access to ancillary facilities; satisfaction with access to circulation elements; satisfaction with the size and shape of circulation elements; and satisfaction with the use of signage and landscaping elements. However, satisfaction with the location of circulation elements and ancillary facilities, access to ancillary facilities and circulation elements; and the use of signage and landscaping elements emerged as the strongest predictors of satisfaction with hotel facilities. The study implies that to ensure improved customer satisfaction with hotel facilities, adequate attention should be given to the use of signage to direct human and vehicular traffic, provision of pedestrian walkways, and access to outdoor recreational facilities. Keywords: Customer Satisfaction, Hotel facilities, Circulation design, Survey, Port Harcourt
On the asymptotic solutions of ordinary differential equations, with an application to the Bessel functions of large order

is possible, so that the resulting forms represent asymptotically a pair of solutions of the equation given. Moreover, each of these forms is then known to represent one and the same solution so long as p remains in a region of the complex plane in which its pure imaginary part is either invariably greater than or invariably less than some constant. The forms (2) are evidently of oscillatory or exponential type according as 42(x) is positive or negative on the x interval under account, and on different intervals in which +2(x) is of opposite sign the forms are respectively of the two opposing types. Between two such intervals a change in the character of any solution must, therefore, take place. It is evident, however, that the manner of this change is not deducible from the forms (2), for whatever the magnitude of p these forms fail to remain significant at a zero of 02(X).
New Developments : Regulatory Impact Assessment in Developing Countries : Tales from the road to good governance

This article sets out the challenges facing the practice of Regulatory Impact Assessment (RIA) in developing countries and then goes on to propose a set of guiding principles with which to attempt to overcome these. The discussion is based on the findings of a practitioner workshop on ‘The Challenges and Opportunities of Regulatory Impact Assessment in Developing Countries’ held on 7-8 April 2014 at the University of Pretoria, South Africa.
On contractive mappings

The Cauchy condition for convergence of a contractive iteration in a complete metric space is replaced by an equivalent functional condition. Many generalizations of the Banach-Neumann contractive mapping principle follow. Introduction. Let X be a complete metric space and let f: X-*X be a contractive mapping or contraction, i.e., d(f (x), f (y)) O. Criteria for the sequence of iterates {xj to be Cauchy are then of interest, for if it is Cauchy one can easily prove it converges to a unique fixed point x"' of the mapf on X. Many papers have presented such criteria, especially since the important paper of Rakotch [1]. In this note we first give in ? 1 a necessary and sufficient condition that a sequence of iterates be convergent. This condition is used in ? 2 to provide a criterion for the convergence of the iteration from an arbitrary initial point in X. The condition is then restated in a more familiar functional form, and some corollaries are then drawn in ? 3. 1. Main theorems. The following results, while stated for complete metric spaces, are readily extended to separated complete uniform spaces, as in [2, p. 197]. We shall use the following notation. For any pair of sequences xt, and y,, in X with xn#y", we write dn = d(xn, yr) and A,, = d(f (xn),f (y0))/d. We then have the following theorem. THEOREM 1.1. Let X be a complete metric space. Let f: X--X with d(f(x),f(y)) O. Then x,,l-)+X,, in X, with xc, a unique fixed point off, ifjfor any Received by the editors January 2, 1973. AMS (MOS) slubject classifications (1970). Primary 54H25; Secondary 47H 10.
Victimisation and killing of older women: witchcraft in Magu district, Tanzania

This article is based on research carried out in four villages in Magu district, Tanzania to examine reasons for the killing of older women suspected of being witches. An aim of the research was to gain knowledge for the design of strategies to address the problem of the killings. It was found that people in Magu district face many new problems brought about by rapid modernisation. In desperation they seek answers from traditional healers, some of whom promote notions of witchcraft. This practice may ultimately lead to the killing of older women who are accused of being witches. To break out of this cycle, an approach is needed to deal with these problems.
Welfare Gains and Losses in Sunspot Equilibria ∗ Atsushi Kajii

We study a standard two period exchange economy with one nominal asset. As is well known there is a continuum of sunspot equilibria around each efficient equilibrium. A sunspot equilibrium is inefficient but some household may gain in sunspot equilibria relative to the efficient equilibrium. We show that a household’s equilibrium utility level is either locally maximized or locally minimized at the efficient equilibrium, and derive a condition which identifies whether or not a household’s utility is locally minimized or maximized.
�rotein� in �io�ilici�cation

Although the use of silicon dioxide (silica) as a constituent of living organisms is mainly restricted to diatoms and sponges, the ways in which this process is controlled by nature continue to inspire and fascinate. Both diatoms and sponges carry out biosili�ciation using an organic matrix but they adopt very different strategies. Diatoms use small and heavily modi�ed peptides called silaffins, where the most characteristic feature is a modulation of charge by attaching long chain polyamines (LCPAs) to lysine groups. Free LCPAs can also cooperate with silaffins. Sponges use the enzyme silicatein which is homologous to the cysteine protease cathepsin. Both classes of proteins form higher-order structures which act both as structural templates and mechanistic catalysts for the polycondensation reaction. In both cases, additional proteins are continuously being discovered whichmodulate the process further. is paper concentrates on the role of these proteins in the biosili�cation process as well as in various applications, highlighting areas where focus on speci�c protein properties may provide further insight. e �eld of biosili�cation is a crossroads of different disciplines, where insight into the energetics and mechanisms of molecular self-assembly combine with fundamental biology, complex multicomponent colloidal systems, and an impressive array of potential technological applications.
Measuring Public-Transport Network Connectivity Using Google Transit with Comparison across Cities

The aim of the study was to construct a framework to determine interconnectivity among public transport routes using the information provided by Google Transit and to apply this framework to appraise and compare the network connectivity of Auckland, London, and Paris. Google Transit provides both spatial and network data that are sourced directly from transport agencies, thus making it an efficient tool for retrieving the data required to measure connectivity. This study contributes to previously-developed methodologies for determining connectivity by (a) including the qualitative measures, which are smoothness of transfer and information availability, along with the quantitative measures, and (b) using Google Transit as an alternative data source. The results showed that the overall public transport connectivity of the network in Paris is better than that in London and Auckland. Auckland’s network had the most poor connectivity values. Findings suggest that Auckland’s network would benefit from more integrated services.
On economic causes of civil war

The authors investigate whether civil wars have economic causes. The model is based on utility theory, rebels will conduct a civil war if the perceived benefits outweigh the costs of rebellion. Using probit and tobit models, the propositions are tested empirically. Four variables, initial income, ethno-linguistic fractionalization, the amount of natural resources, and initial population size are significant and strong determinants of the duration and the probability of civil wars. One important finding is that the relationship between civil wars and ethnic diversity is nonmonotonic; highly fractionalized societies have no greater risk of experiencing a civil war than homogenous ones. Copyright 1998 by Royal Economic Society.