Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Divergent effects of irradiation on brain cortical morphology in patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma: one-year follow-up study using structural magnetic resonance imaging.

Background Increasing evidence indicates that radiotherapy (RT)-induced brain cortical deficits may play a critical role in developing radiation encephalopathy in patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC). However, the evolutional processes of RT-induced cortical injury have not been sufficiently investigated. This study investigates RT-induced effects on cortical morphology using longitudinal structural magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in NPC patients. Methods Using MRI-based morphometry with surface-based measures, we evaluated the longitudinal alterations of cortical volume (CV), cortical thickness (CT), and cortical surface area (CSA) in 104 NPC patients at pre-RT (n=104), within 3 months post-RT (n=92), 6 months post-RT (n=71), and 9-12 months post-RT (n=52). Twenty healthy controls were also evaluated in parallel. Linear mixed models were used to investigate the trajectories of RT-related changes in cortical brain morphology and its association with irradiation dose, with healthy controls data being used to construct a normal age-related benchmark. The level of statistical significance was set at P<0.05, corrected for multiple comparisons. Results The results showed that RT-related longitudinal alterations in cortical morphology underwent two diverse patterns during the first year of follow up in NPC patients. The temporal cortices (including the bilateral superior temporal gyrus, middle temporal gyrus, temporal pole, parahippocampal and fusiform gyrus, and the right inferior temporal and right transverse temporal gyrus), the basal occipital cortices (the right lingual gyrus and lateral occipital gyrus), and the basal frontal cortices (the right lateral orbitofrontal gyrus) showed time-dependent attenuation in cortical morphology indices. Furthermore, these effects on multiple cortices were dose-dependent, suggesting they were RT-associated. In contrast, in the left rostral middle frontal gyrus, there was a time-dependent increase in CT. Conclusions Our preliminary findings revealed divergent effects of irradiation on cortical brain morphology. These results contribute to a more comprehensive understanding of the underlying neural mechanisms of irradiation-related neurotoxic effects on cortical brain morphology and will help guide the investigation of critically neuroprotective strategies.
A comparative study to evaluate the effect of Puerarin versus simvastatin as osteoconductive material for Maxillary sinus augmentation: A prospective randomized control clinical trial

Dental implant is an effective treatment method for oral rehabilitation. Still, it has to be modified because of unfavorable environments such as excessive alveolar bone loss and sinus pneumatization. Maxillary sinus grafting is a standard procedure used to correct such unfavorable conditions in the posterior maxilla. Purpose: to assess and compare changes in height and percentage of Puerarin versus simvastatin as osteoconductive materials following sinus augmentation. Basic procedures: twenty patients with edentulous posterior maxilla were selected and equally grouped into 2 groups. Both groups underwent antral augmentation using either Puerarin on Fisiograft sponge carrier graft (group A) or combination of simvastatin and β-TCP (group B). The amount and percentage of bone graft were evaluated radiographically. Assessment occurred at period intervals 1-week and 6-month postoperatively. Data were presented as mean and standard deviation (SD) values. For non-parametric data, Mann-Whitney U test was used to compare between the two groups. Qualitative data were presented as frequencies and percentages. Fisher’s Exact test was used for comparisons between the groups. The significance level was set at P ≤ 0.05. Main finding: there was decrease in the amount and percentage of bone graft height by 2.5 mm, 19.7% (for Group A) and 3.2 mm, 22.4% (for Group B) at the end of the 6 months period without significant difference in both group (P-value = 0.054, Effect size = 0.919) and (P-value = 0.151, Effect size = 0.678), respectively. Conclusion: Puerarin and Simvastatin are clinically beneficial and safe bone grafting materials in cases of antral augmentation.
McDaniel, S. (2014) ‘Post-crisis social democratic policy capacity in France and the United Kingdom: A lesson from the globalisation and social democracy debate’, French Politics 12 (4): 283–309

Two decades ago many commentators suggested that economic globalisation had eroded social democratic economic policy capacity. Although this argument has largely been discredited, the global financial crisis (GFC) has revived the state-market debate. As governments succumb to fiscal consolidation, a similar theory of declining state capacity now challenges social democrats. This article redresses the contemporary situation by using the economic globalisation debate from the mid-1990s to 2005 as a lens through which to comparatively analyse the current fiscal policy positions of the Parti Socialiste and the Labour Party. It draws similarities between the two situations and illustrates how contested notions of the contemporary political economy constrain social democratic fiscal policy capacity, suggesting that greater capacity exists than is currently acknowledged.
COPD_A_291833 393..400

1Department of Respiratory Medicine, Liyuan Hospital, Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, People’s Republic of China; 2Radiology Department, Liyuan Hospital, Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, People’s Republic of China; 3Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Liyuan Hospital, Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, People’s Republic of China Purpose: Studies have demonstrated that red blood cell distribution width (RDW) is closely associated with the prognosis of patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). In addition, the dynamic changes in RDW appear to play an important role. Thus, we aimed to investigate the relationship between dynamic changes in RDW and 30day all-cause readmission of patients with acute exacerbation of COPD (AECOPD). Methods: In this retrospective cohort study, we enrolled patients with AECOPD hospitalized in the Department of Respiratory Medicine in Liyuan Hospital (Wuhan China), a tertiary, university-affiliated, public hospital. Patients with AECOPD were divided into three groups based on their RDW values after the first and fourth days of admission. The normal range for RDW is 10–15%. Patients with normal RDW values were included in the normal group. Patients with an RDW value >15% on the first day, which subsequently decreased by >2% on the fourth day was included in the decreased group. The increased group was comprised of patients with an RDW value >15% on the first day which continued to increase, or those with a normal RDW value on the first day which increased >15% on the fourth day. Results: A total of 239 patients (age: 72 years [range: 64–81 years]; male: n=199 [83.3%]) were included. There were 108, 72, and 59 patients in the RDW normal, decreased, and increased groups, respectively; the 30-day all-cause readmission rate was 9.3%, 9.7%, 27.1%, respectively; (p=0.003), being noticeably higher in the RDW increased group. Dynamic increase of RDW (OR:3.45, 95% CI: 1.39–8.58, p= 0.008) was independently correlated with 30-day all-cause readmission of patients with AECOPD. Conclusion: The dynamic increase of RDW is an independent prognostic factor of 30-day all-cause readmission of patients with AECOPD.
Transliteration of Algerian Arabic dialect into Modern Standard Arabic

Machine transliteration is an important research area in the field of machine translation. Neural Machine transliteration (NMTR) is a new approach to machine transliteration that has shown promising results. However research on NMTR of Arabic has just begun to give results while no research has been done on neural transliteration of Arabic dialect written in Latin letters known by “Arabizi”. In this paper, we propose a method of applying a neural transliteration based on a character-level for transliterating the Arabizi into Arabic script. Our method is composed of two important steps: 1) An Arabizi corpus construction 2) A character-based neural transliteration of Arabizi to Arabic. Evaluation was performed on internal and external dataset. The best precision obtained is 73.66% on the internal dataset and 45.35% on the external one. We also conduct the same experiments for Statistical Machine Transliteration (SMTR), which has largely been studied in the literature, albeit we found that NMTR outperforms SMTR by 2.18%.
Running Head: C-FOS EXPRESSION IN TRAUMATIC BRAIN INJURY AND ANXIETY 1 c-fos Expression in Rodent Model of Traumatic Brain Injury and Anxiety-Like Behavior

Traumatic brain injury (TBI) impacts over one million people in the United States every year and significantly increases an individual’s risk of developing a psychiatric disorder. Previous research in our lab has highlighted the role of neuroinflammation in TBI and the development of post-injury anxiety in rodent models. The objective of this study is to characterize the brain regions involved in the anxiety-like behaviors observed in previous studies and in an immediate shock paradigm. The rats were randomly assigned to one of six groups: LFPI+shock, LFPI+no shock, naïve+shock, naïve+no shock, sham-operated, and LFPI+MN166. Lateral fluid percussion injury (LFPI) was used to model TBI in the rodents and shock refers to animals that were shocked in the immediate shock paradigm. The expression of c-fos was measured and compared between groups across multiple brain regions including the hippocampus, insula, amygdala, paraventricular nucleus, central gray, bed nucleus of the stria terminalis, and regions of the prefrontal cortex. The LFPI+shock rats displayed significantly higher freezing behavior in the immediate shock paradigm than all other treatment groups. The results of the c-fos expression measurements partially support previous findings on brain regions involved in anxiety, but are not consistent with the expected pattern of activation based on the behavioral results of the immediate shock paradigm.
The real potential of current passive satellite data to map aboveground biomass in tropical forests

Forest biomass estimation at large scale is challenging and generally entails large uncertainty in tropical regions. With their wall‐to‐wall coverage ability, passive remote sensing signals are frequently used to extrapolate field estimates of forest aboveground biomass (AGB). However, studies often use limited reference data and/or flawed validation schemes and thus report unreliable extrapolation error estimates. Here, we compared the ability of three medium‐ to high‐resolution passive satellite sensors, Landsat‐8 (L8), Sentinel‐2B (S2) and Worldview‐3 (WV3), to map AGB in a forest landscape of Thailand. We used a large airborne LiDAR‐derived AGB dataset as a reference to train and validate a random forest algorithm and conducted robust error assessments and variable selection using spatialized cross‐validations. Our results indicate that the selected predictors strongly varied among the three sensors and between analyses restricted to low (≤200 Mg ha−1) and high (>200 Mg ha−1) AGB areas. WV3 and S2 data outperformed L8 data to extrapolate AGB (RMSE of 68 and 72 against 84 Mg ha−1, respectively) due to the inclusion of the red‐edge band and, probably, to their higher spatial and spectral resolution. Sensitivity to large AGB values was higher for WV3 than for S2 and L8 with saturation point of 247 Mg ha−1 against 204 and 192 Mg ha−1. AGB values above these saturation points remained poorly predictable, especially for L8, indicating that several tropical forest AGB maps should be interpreted with extreme caution. However, predicted gradients of lower AGB values (≤200 Mg ha−1), i.e., in early forest successional stages, were fairly consistent among sensors (r > 0.70), even if the mean absolute difference between estimates was large when AGB predictions were extrapolated out of the calibration area at regional level (34%). We finally showed that calibrating the model only within the sensitivity AGB domain (e.g., <200 Mg ha−1) minimizes the risk of induced bias for estimating small AGB values. These results provide important benchmarks for interpreting previously published maps and to improve future validation schemes.
An update on the ornamental fish industry in Malaysia: Aeromonas hydrophila-associated disease and its treatment control

Malaysia is the world’s major producer and exporter of ornamental fish, contributing 9% to the global trade and taking the second position after Singapore. Because of their artistic appeal and tremendous commercial value for international trade, ornamental fish recently gain rapid importance for foreign exchange and as a source of employment. While ornamental fish production is growing, there is an increase in infectious diseases, resulting in high fish mortality with significant economic loss. Bacterial disease is a serious problem for ornamental fish industry. Bacterial species surveillance in diseased freshwater ornamental fish from an aquarium shop reveals that Aeromonas hydrophila is the most dominant bacteria isolated. Consequently, Malaysia is stepping up its efforts by implementing the Economic Transformation Program and other biosecurity steps to address the aquaculture issues and encourage the regrowth of the ornamental fish market. Chemotherapeutic medications, phytobiotics, probiotics, yeast extracts, vaccines, and disinfectants can be used in controlling bacteria. Further studies should be done to find new antibacterial agents from natural sources to combat bacterial fish diseases and reduce fish mortality rate in sustainable aquaculture farms. This review summarizes the literature on ornamental fish industries and aquaculture production in relation to A. hydrophila-associated diseases and ornamental fish health management in Malaysia.
Tactical Production Planning for Customer Individual Products in Changeable Production Networks

The requirements of future production are characterized by increasing demand volatility as well as very short delivery times and high timeliness in the order-based production environment. Furthermore, the trend to customer individual products leads to additional production planning challenges. Therefore, to react fast to these market trends, changeable production networks is a key to success. This technical contribution describes a method for tactical production planning for customer individual products in changeable production networks. The design of the method contains three main process modules (1) order-capabilitycomparison, (2) capacity planning, and (3) order-specific network structure. Underlying the former described modules, a data model is necessary and introduced. Furthermore, the simulation of the applied system on a prototypical implementation at BSH Hausgeräte GmbH, the largest home appliances manufacturer in Europe, is shown and explained. Finally, limitations are discussed and an outlook into future work for the research field in production planning of production networks is given.
Nonlinear Control of an Expander-Bleed Rocket Engine using Reinforcement Learning Virtual Conference 2021

: Intelligent engine control could be one of the most important innovations in the development of future reusable engines, facilitating a safer and more economical engine operation. In this work, we investigate the closed-loop control of the LUMEN expander-bleed engine by combining machine learning with a transient simulation environment. The controller can dynamically change the set-point of the engine between a chamber pressure of 40 bar to 80 bar by adjusting up to six ﬂow control valves while maintaining several boundary conditions at any given time.
Effectiveness of fetal ultrasound diagnostics in cardiac malformations and association with polyhydramnios and oligohydramnios.

Background Examine the effectiveness of prenatal ultrasound diagnostics in the detection of cardiovascular malformations, and their association with polyhydramnios and oligohydramnios. Methods We examined the fetal ultrasonography and postnatal clinical/fetopathological data of 372 newborns/fetuses over a 7-year period in a tertiary centre. Fetal echocardiography was performed in cases of suspected US findings between 18-32 weeks. During the ultrasound the amniotic fluid amount was measured and the amniotic fluid index (AFI) or largest amniotic fluid pocket was determined. Results Prenatal ultrasonographic results and postnatal/fetopathological diagnosis were fully congruent in 236/372 cases (63.4%), and in 66/372 cases of cardiovascular anomalies (17.7%) the discovery was partial, while in 70/372 cases no fetal cardiovascular anomalies were diagnosed during pregnancy (18.8%) (false negative). Cardiovascular malformations were isolated in 255 cases, in 172 of which (67.5%) the results of prenatal ultrasonography and postnatal diagnostics were fully congruent. In 43 cases (16.9%) the prenatal discovery was partial, and in 40 cases (15.7%) there was no prenatal recognition of the malformation. Cardiovascular abnormalities were found as a part of multiple malformations in 76 cases. In 41 fetuses the cardiovascular malformation was associated with chromosomal abnormalities. Cardiovascular malformations were significantly associated with polyhydramnios. Although in some of the cardiovascular malformations the association rate with polyhydramnios was high (AVSD, double outlet right ventricle, tetralogy of Fallot), we found a moderate association rate (19.7%). The association with oligohydramnios was 8.57%. Conclusions Echocardiography plays an important role in the prenatal diagnostics. In cases of polyhydramnios and oligohydramnios, fetal echocardiography should be performed.
Informativity, topicality, and speech cost: comparing models of speakers’ choices of referring expressions

ABSTRACT This study formalizes and compares two major hypotheses in speakers’ choices of referring expressions: the topicality model that chooses a form based on the topicality of the referent, and the rational model that chooses a form based on the informativity of the form and its speech cost. Simulations suggest that both the topicality of the referent and the informativity of the word are important to consider in speakers’ choices of reference forms, while a speech cost metric that prefers shorter forms may not be.
Submitted to the Annals of Statistics SUPPLEMENT TO “ APPROXIMATION AND ESTIMATION OF S-CONCAVE DENSITIES VIA RÉNYI DIVERGENCES ” By Qiyang

In this supplement, we present omitted proofs of Lemmas 2.1,2.3, Corollaries 2.7, 2.8, 2.10, Theorem 2.12, Corollary 2.13, Theorems 2.14, 2.16 in Appendix A, Lemmas 3.1-3.3, Theorem 3.4, Lemma 3.5, Theorems 3.7, 3.8 in Appendix B, and Theorem 4.4, Lemma 4.6 in Appendix C. Appendix D is devoted to the proof of Theorem 6.1 due to its length. Some supporting lemmas and auxiliary results from convex analysis are collected Appendix E.
Honey, I Shrunk the Domain: Frequency‐aware Force Field Reduction for Efficient Fluids Optimization

Fluid control often uses optimization of control forces that are added to a simulation at each time step, such that the final animation matches a single or multiple target density keyframes provided by an artist. The optimization problem is strongly under‐constrained with a high‐dimensional parameter space, and finding optimal solutions is challenging, especially for higher resolution simulations. In this paper, we propose two novel ideas that jointly tackle the lack of constraints and high dimensionality of the parameter space. We first consider the fact that optimized forces are allowed to have divergent modes during the optimization process. These divergent modes are not entirely projected out by the pressure solver step, manifesting as unphysical smoke sources that are explored by the optimizer to match a desired target. Thus, we reduce the space of the possible forces to the family of strictly divergence‐free velocity fields, by optimizing directly for a vector potential. We synergistically combine this with a smoothness regularization based on a spectral decomposition of control force fields. Our method enforces lower frequencies of the force fields to be optimized first by filtering force frequencies in the Fourier domain. The mask‐growing strategy is inspired by Kolmogorov's theory about scales of turbulence. We demonstrate improved results for 2D and 3D fluid control especially in higher‐resolution settings, while eliminating the need for manual parameter tuning. We showcase various applications of our method, where the user effectively creates or edits smoke simulations.
Tracking the Economy Using FOMC Speech Transcripts

IN ENGLISH In this study, we propose an approach for the extraction of a lowdimensional signal from a collection of text documents ordered over time. The proposed framework foresees the application of Latent Dirichlet Allocation (LDA) for obtaining a meaningful representation of documents as a mixture over a set of topics. Such representations can then be modeled via a Dynamic Linear Model (DLM) as noisy realisations of a limited number of latent factors that evolve with time. We apply this approach to Federal Open Market Committee (FOMC) speech transcripts for the period of Greenspan presidency. We are able to extract a latent factor that fairly resembles the Economic Policy Uncertainty Index for United States. ABSTRACT IN SPANISH En este trabajo proponemos una metodología para la extracción de señales de baja dimensionalidad en una colección de textos ordenados temporalmente. El enfoque propuesto prevé la aplicación de la asignación latente de Dirichlet Latent Dirichlet Allocation (LDA) para obtener una representación de los documentos como una mezcla de diversos temas. Dichas representaciones se pueden modelar a través de un modelo lineal dinámico Dynamic Linear Model (DLM) como realizaciones ruidosas de un número limitado de factores latentes que evolucionan en el tiempo. Aplicamos este enfoque a las transcripciones de los pronunciamientos del Comité Federal de Mercado Abierto para el período de la presidencia de Alan Greenspan. Utilizando este modelo podemos extraer un factor latente que se asemeja al índice de incertidumbre de política económica de Estados Unidos.
The Forewarning Effect of Critical Audit Matter Disclosures Involving Measurement Uncertainty*

Will disclosing critical audit matters (CAMs) in the auditor’s report, as the U.S. Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (PCAOB) has proposed, affect user confidence in CAM-related financial statement areas and assessments of auditor responsibility for misstatements? Results from an experiment with attorneys, financial analysts, and MBA students indicate that all groups have less confidence in a financial statement area disclosed as a CAM than in an area not disclosed as a CAM. Although manifest in different ways across groups, results also indicate that disclosing a financial statement area as a CAM helps protect auditors from legal exposure if a misstatement is subsequently discovered in that area. Our study contributes beyond the conclusions reached to date by related studies by providing evidence of a “disclaimer effect” for PCAOB-based CAM disclosures as measured by both confidence and responsibility assessments across multiple constituent groups and CAM settings.