Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Rhenium (Re) and technetium (Tc)‐99M oxocomplexes of neurotensin(8‐13)

Radio-labelled Neurotensin (NT) analogues have applications as potential tumour imaging agents. In this study, the N2N′S chelator dimethylGly-Ser-Cys (acetomidomethyl)-Gly (RP414) was attached to the N-terminus of four different NT(8-13) analogues. DimethylGly-Ser-Cys(acetoamidomethyl)-Gly (RP414) co-ordinates strongly to MO3+ (M=Tc or Re) making this chelator ideal for labelling NT with either Tc-99m or Re. One step labelling at room temperature with Tc-99m was performed using stannous gluconate at pH 5. Labelling yields >98% were obtained within 1 hour. Re (V) oxo complexes were synthesised in a two-steps synthesis including deprotection of the chelator using mercuric acetate followed by complexation with Re using bisethylenediamino dioxorhenium (V)chloride (ReO2(en)2Cl). All Re(V)oxo-NT analogues showed in vitro half-lives in plasma of between 20 and 30 minutes. Inhibition of the binding of 3H-NT on HT29 colon adeno carcinoma cells yielded Ki values of 1.0 nM for NT(1–13) and 0.8 nM, 5.5 nM and 4.0 nM for the Re(V) oxo complexes of RP414-Arg-Arg-NT(10–13), RP414-Lys-Arg-NT(10–13) and RP414-Lys-Lys-NT(10–13) respectively. Copyright © 1999 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Background Subtraction and Detection of Moving Object Using Image Differentiation Algorithm

: Thus the major objective of our work is to subtract the background and detect the moving object from video sequences. Initially the input video is taken and for that video frame separation is done and the background is extracted in order to eliminate the noise and object is obtained in black and white which is converted into grey image so that the detection of object will be easy and accurate, later on object tracking is done to find whether the object shown in the video is living thing or not. This project is very useful in visual supervision which is an extremely vigorous research region in computer vision for security, fight against terrorism and crime. There are various techniques to recognize moving articles however there are a few restrictions for those strategies progressively applications. Because of this we use, foundation subtraction strategy, which is progressively reasonable for continuous applications and gives precise outcomes with less handling time utilization as opposed to existing techniques.
xGex JLTFET with Ge replacing Si for Low Power Applications

The increasing need for transistor components per unit chip leads the researcher to explore the transistor with low power dissipation. The power reduction can be done with a decrease in static power consumption per unit chip. The research shows that tunnel FETs are a potential candidate for low static power consumption in low voltage operating range. The presented describes the design Characterization of Ge-Si0.7Ge0. 3 JLTFET for low power applications. The important subthreshold performance parameters are calculated from DC characteristics of tunnel FET. Use of Ge as replacing Si helps to improve tunneling effect with a reduced band-gap of Ge. The design analysis has been done using TCAD 2D and 3D device simulator.
Development of cyber vote system using encryption approach

: Various approaches related to ballot-privacy, availability, completeness, equality, consistency, robustness, variability, and without use of receipt are commonly introduced to reduce risks. In addition, a variety of technologies such as decipherment and hashing have been implemented by the published protocols. The implementation of e-balloting in digital currency, in general, has now slowly become mature. Based on participants common security criteria, this we have proposed a chain based block protocol linked to ballot-privacy priorities, flexibility, accessibility, completeness, unique, robust.
On the nature of Edestus and related genera, with descriptions of one new genus and three new species

The type and only known specimen of this species belongs to the U. S. National Museum (Cat. No. 6050), and was found in a collection of fossils purchased from Mr. G. Hambach, of St. Louis, Missouri. No record regarding the origin of the fossil accompanied it, but there can be no doubt that the specimen had been obtained from the Coal Measures not far from St. Louis, probably from some of the coal mines of western Illinois. No species of the genus is mentioned in Mr. Hambach 's Preliminary Catalogue of the Fossils Occurring in Missouri. '' The specimen (pi. 12, fig. 1) is almost as complete as it was on the death of the animal, only the apices of some of the teeth and some of the denticles being broken off and missing. The species resembles most that known as Edestus heinrichU,^ but numerous differences may be observed. The total length of the fossil is 207 mm. ; the greatest height is
Different strategies of drought resistance in three Mediterranean sclerophyllous trees growing in the same environmental conditions.

Measurements have been made of leaf conductance to water vapour, relative water content and water potential in Olea oleaster Hoffmgg et Link, Ceratonia siliqua L. and Laurus nobilis L. , three evergreen sclerophyllous trees growing in Sicily at sea level. Measurements were made hourly in May and September 1986. Although all the three species are regarded as components of a homogeneous group (sclerophylls) and they all showed a high degree of sclerophylly, the strategies they adopted to withstand drought were completely different. Olea oleaster behaved as a 'drought-tolerating' species. Drought was 'avoided' by Ceratonia siliqua by a 'water-spending' strategy and by Laurus nobilis by a 'water-saving' strategy combined with the capability of recovering even minimal water losses by dropping leaf water potential drastically. Such differences in drought resistance are discussed in terms of differences in the bulk elastic modulus of leaf cells and wood anatomy.
Pigment fluxes from the Subtropical Convergence region, east of New Zealand: Relationships to planktonic community structure

Abstract A preliminary sediment trap study using photo synthetic pigments as biomarker tracers of pelagic food web processes was conducted in three different water types (subantarctic, Subtropical Convergence, and subtropical), east of New Zealand, in winter and spring 1993. The presence of undegraded pigments in trap samples from water depths of 100–550 m indicate that phytoplankton cells were removed rapidly from surface waters, presumably mainly as sinking intact phytoplankton chains, marine aggregates, or as unconverted pigments in zooplankton waste products. Average pigment budget estimates indicate that <1% day‐1 of chlorophyll a standing stock and <4% of primary production were exported during winter and spring. Microzooplankton grazing (4–92% day‐1 chlorophyll a standing stock and 20–194% primary production) was potentially the most important process affecting particle retention in the upper water column and hence pigment fluxes across all three water types. Bacterial degradation, mesozooplankton .
Orthogonal Regression Analyses of Solar Irradiation and DC Power Data

The rapid deployment of solar photovoltaic cells in recent times is enablingdata analysis of renewable energy solar source and its conversion to electrical energy. The need for estimating the capacityofSolar irradiation and solar DC power in any geographical location is necessary for short-term and longterm forecasting. In this paper a regression-based data analysis is carried out at different locations in India and analyze the residue for better fit. Here solar DC power is a dependent output variable and solar irradiance is an independent predictor. The orthogonal regression is a standard linear regression technique involves in reducing the sum of squared orthogonal projections. The primary goal of this paper is to analyze orthogonal regression technique withthe relationship between response (DC power data) and predictor (solar irradiation) across different diverse locations. The fitted value for the solar irradiance accounts for the uncertainty in the value of the predictor.The study of nonlinear nature of solar irradiation and DC power generated across geographically dispersed sites for a time series data leads to better estimate of solar power. KeywordsIrradiance, orthogonal regression, least square, error variance ratio, residual
The clinical and biological implications of N-WASP expression in human colorectal cancer

Backgrounds: Neural Wiskott-Aldrich Syndrome protein, N-WASP, a member of the WASP family proteins is a regulator of ARP2/3 and cytoskeleton in the cells and has been implicated in regulating cell motility and morphology. N-WASP has been implicated in the development and progression of certain solid tumours. In the present study, we initially investigated the expression levels of N-WASP in a cohort of human colorectal cancers and explored the relationship between N-WASP and clinical outcome. We further examined the impact of N-WASP on the biological functions of colon cancer cells. Materials and methods: A cohort of fresh frozen human colon tissues were used. N-WASP protein in tissues was analysed using an immunohistochemical method. N-WASP transcripts in the tissues were quantified using real-time quantitative PCR methods and correlated with clinical and pathological information of the patients together with clinical outcome. Human colon cancer cell line, HRT18, weakly positive for N-WASP was genetically modified to either over-express N-WASP or to lose N-WASP expression by way of ribozyme transgenes. Cell functions were determined after the genetic manipulation. Results: Colonic epithelial cells stained positive for N-WASP with the staining mainly in the cytoplasmic region of the cells. However, colon tumour cells had greatly reduced N-WASP staining. The reduction of N-WASP protein was well reflected at message level, in that colon tumour tissues had significantly lower levels of N-WASP transcript compared with normal tissues (P<0.001). Significantly lower levels of N-WASP transcript were seen in node positive tumours and tumour with muscular invasion. Patients with low levels of N-WASP transcript had short overall and disease free survivals. Over-expression of N-WASP markedly reduced the adhesion, cellular motility and invasiveness of HRT18 cells. Likewise, knocking down N-WASP resulted in an increase in matrix adhesion and invasion, which was blocked by FAK (focal adhesion kinase) inhibitor. Conclusions: N-WASP expression is aberrant in human colon cancer. A reduction of N-WASP in colon tumours is associated with disease progression and a poor clinical outcome of the patients. In addition, N-WASP expression in colon cancer cells is inversely correlated with the aggressiveness of the cells, namely adhesion and invasiveness. Collectively, this study indicates that N-WASP carries the hallmark of a tumour metastasis suppressor in human colon cancer. This is likely to be via a FAK mediated pathway. N-WASP; colon cancer; survival; prognosis; metastasis; cell migration; FAK ABSTRACT
Variabilidad espacial y temporal en la hidrografía invernal del sistema de bahías frente a la VIII región (Chile centro-sur)

En la zona centro-sur de Chile (VIII region) existe un sistema de bahias (~ 36°30'-37° S), que incluye las bahias de Concepcion (BC), San Vicente (BSV) y Coronel en el sector oriental del Golfo de Arauco (SOGA), conocido como un importante centro de desove y reclutamiento de especies de peces durante el periodo invernal. En el presente estudio se analizo la variabilidad hidrografica (temperatura, salinidad y estratificacion), en la dimension espacial (dentro y entre bahias) y temporal (entre anos de muestreo), asi como su relacion con las condiciones meteorologicas (viento y precipitaciones) y aporte fluvial (caudal de rios), durante el periodo invernal (julio-agosto) entre 1993 y 1996. A nivel superficial (1 m y estrato 1-10 m) las tres bahias mostraron heterogeneidad espacial en las distribuciones de temperatura y salinidad, especialmente entre las zonas del saco y la boca. A este nivel, ademas, los menores valores de temperatura y salinidad ocurrieron generalmente en SOGA, la que ademas presento una mayor estratificacion por efecto de la presencia de aguas de mayor dilucion (< 33 ups) mientras que BC y BSV estuvieron predominantemente bajo la influencia de aguas de menor salinidad (< 33,8 ups). La mayor parte de la variabilidad hidrografica en este sistema fue atribuible a la dimension temporal (P < 0,001) mas que a la espacial y estuvo asociada a variaciones en las condiciones de viento y precipitacion en el area de estudio y en el caudal del rio Biobio, en los dias previos y/o durante el dia de muestreo
Vulnerability of Southwest Iberian amphibians to an introduced crayfish, Procambarus clarkii

The introduction of predators in amphibian breeding habitats may contribute to the decline or extinction of amphibian populations. Procambarus clarkii , a North American crayfish, was recently introduced in the Iberian Peninsula, being now quite abundant in the southwest, a region with no native crayfish species and where 13 amphibian species may be found. We performed mesocosm experiments to evaluate the vulnerability of amphibian embryos and larvae from those species to P. clarkii . Despite the presence of alternative food (vegetation and leaf litter), embryo survival in the presence of P. clarkii was low for all species except Bufo bufo . However, newly hatched B. bufo tadpoles were readily consumed. P. clarkii reduced larval survival in all species, with those species that in nature have few contacts with predators at the larval stage suffering the highest mortalities. Most larvae reduced their activity and/or altered microhabitat use in the presence of P. clarkii , but these behavioural modifications did not lead necessarily to a low vulnerability to predation.
Oocyte Donation as a Model for Assessing Endometrial Receptivity to Implantation

The inexorable decline in female fecundity that accompanies advancing age has been a physiologi cal phenomenon that has received much scientific study over the past two decades. Especially with the advent of modern assisted reproductive technolo gies (ARTs), advanced laboratory techniques, and controlled ovarian hyperstimulation (COH) with powerful ovulatory agents, high rates of oocyte re trieval and embryo transfer may be achieved. In the last published annual summary of ART programs registered with the Society for Assisted Reproduc tive Technology, oocyte retrieval and successful em bryo transfer were achieved in 84.8% and 87.1% of stimulated cycles, respectively. 1 Despite this success, pregnancy rates remain disappointingly low, at 19.1% pregnancies per retrieval and 21.9% per transfer. 1,2 Even within the boundaries of a singular technique, successful embryonic implantation has been shown to decrease markedly with age, with significantly lower implantation rates per embryo after the age of 40. 3 In addition, the rate of early pregnancy wastage increases substantially during the thirties and is over 50% after the age of 40. 4,5 Consequently, it can be hypothesized that it is sustained implantation of the embryo rather than fertilization that is the pivotal event differentiating fertile and nonfertile ovulatory cycles. There are
Effects of the Age of Grafted Larvae and the Effects of Supplemental Feeding on Some Morphological Characteristics of Iranian Queen Honey Bees (Apis mellifera meda Skorikov, 1929)

Effects of the Age of Grafted Larvae and the Effects of Supplemental Feeding on Some Morphological Characteristics of Iranian Queen Honey Bees (Apis mellifera meda Skorikov, 1929) The research was conducted at the apiary of the Faculty of Agriculture, Zanjan University in Zanjan, Iran. Queens were reared in 24 Apis mellifera meda honey bee rearing colonies. The colonies were assigned to 4 grafting larvae age groups; 1 day old larvae, 2 day old larvae, and 3 day old larvae, and the last group reared emergency queen cells. The groups were divided into the 2 feeding groups: fed additionally and no fed. The effects of the age of the grafted larvae and the effects of supplemental feeding on 9 morphological characteristics of queens were measured. The results showed that the age of the larvae significantly affected the morphological characteristics of reared queens, and thus, their quality. Queens reared from 1 day old larvae were of the highest quality. These queens were significantly heavier (158.83 mg) and had significantly larger spermatheca (0.99 mm3) than queens reared from larvae 2 and 3 days old. Queens from emergency queen cells were of lower quality than queens reared from 1 day old larvae. However, queens from emergency queen cells were of higher quality than queens reared from 3 day old larvae. The supplemental feeding significantly increased most morphological characteristics of the reared queens. The different ages of the larvae did not significantly affect the wing length nor did supplemental feeding affect the wing length. Wpływ Wieku Larw Użytych Do Wychowu i Dodatkowego Karmienia na Niektóre Cechy Morfologiczne Pszczół Perskich (Apis mellifera meda Skorikov, 1929) Badania prowadzono w pasiece Wydziału Rolnictwa Uniwersytetu Zanjan w Zanjan w Iranie. Matki pszczele wychowywano w 24 rodzinach pszczół perskich Apis mellifera meda. Porównywano matki wychowywane z larw 1-no, 2-wu i 3 dniowych oraz z mateczników ratunkowych. Połowę matek z wszystkich grup wychowywano w rodzinach nie podkarmanych, a drugą w podkarmianych ciastem białkowym. Wpływ wieku larw oraz podkarmiania oceniano przez pomiar 9 cech morfologicznych wychowanych matek. Wiek larw z których wychowywano matki, wpłynął istotnie na cechy, a tym samym na wartość matek. Najbardziej wartościowe były matki wychowane z larw 1-no dniowych. Matki te były istotnie cięższe (158,83 mg) oraz miały istnie większy zbiorniczek (0,99 mm3), niż wychowane z larw 2 i 3 dniowych. Matki z mateczników ratunkowych były gorszej jakości niż wychowane z larw 1-no dniowych, lecz były lepsze, niż wychowane z larw 3 dniowych. Dodatkowe podkarmianie zwiększyło istotnie większość cech morfologicznych wychowanych matek. Zarówno różny wiek larw użytych do wychowu jak i dodatkowe podkarmianie nie wpłynęły istotnie na długość skrzydeł wychowanych matek.
Dynamic Linking: Interactive Filtering Of Web Search Results Using Automatically Generated Tags

Web searches often return results the user is not familiar with. To provide a more transparent view on these search results we propose to use automatically extracted tags for interactive ﬁltering of these result sets. This content-based extraction structures an unknown information space. The concept was developed following an iterative human centred design process, evaluated with potential users testing paper mock-ups and a web-based application in a summative evaluation process. We investigated especially how well the use of this dynamic linking supports the information search process, facilitates overview generation in users’ minds and ﬁnally leads them easier to relevant results. The conducted evaluation revealed promising results.
Effect of fungal diseases on phenolic contents of white clover.

Abstract Twelve compounds, including four coumestans, have been newly identified as phenolic constituents of white clover. Concentrations of the coumestans and some of the other minor constituents were found to be much higher in plants infected with pathogenic fungi. These findings may be related to the mechanism of disease resistance and to the oestrogenicity of this forage plant.
The response of a three trophic level soil food web to the identity and diversity of plant species and functional groups

Despite considerable recent interest in how biodiversity may influence ecosystem properties, the issue of how plant diversity and composition may affect multiple trophic levels in soil food webs remains essentially unexplored. We conducted a glasshouse experiment in which three plant species of each of three functional groups (grasses, N-fixing legumes and forbs) were grown in monoculture and in mixtures of three species (with the three species being in the same or different functional groups) and all nine species. Plant species identity had important effects on the biomasses or population densities of belowground primary consumers (microbial biomass, herbivorous nematodes) and two groups of secondary consumers (microbe-feeding nematodes and enchytraeids); the third consumer trophic level (predatory nematodes) was marginally not significantly affected at P=0.05. Plant species also influenced the relative importance of the bacterial-based and fungal-based energy channels for both the primary and secondary consumer trophic levels. Within-group diversity of only the soil microflora and herbivorous nematodes (both representing the basal consumer trophic level) were affected by plant species identity. However, community composition within all trophic groupings considered (herbivorous nematodes, microbes, microbe-feeding nematodes, predatory nematodes) was strongly influenced by what plant species were present. Despite the strong responses of the soil biota to plant species identity, there were few effects of plant species or functional group richness on any of the belowground response variables measured. Further, net primary productivity (NPP) was unaffected by plant diversity. Since some belowground response variables were correlated with NPP across treatments, it is suggested that belowground responses to plant diversity might become more apparent in situations when NPP itself responds to plant diversity. Our results point to plant species identity as having important multitrophic effects on soil food webs, both at the whole trophic group and within-group levels of resolution, and suggest that differences in plant traits across species may be important in driving the decomposer subsystem.
Fine structure of aphid stylet routes in plant tissues in correlation with EPG signals

Abstract. Plant penetration by Aphis fabae (Scopoli) was recorded by the electrical penetration graph (EPG) technique and followed by stylectomy during wave‐forms that were suspected of indicating sieve element punctures. The severed stylets in the plant tissue were subsequently processed for transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and sectioned either transverse or longitudinal to the stylets. Two completely serially sectioned probes from the epidermis to the phloem were reconstructed.
Evolution of Herbicide Resistance in Lolium rigidum under Low Herbicide Rates: An Australian Experience

recent studies have shown the potential of lower than recommended herbicide rates to enhance the herbicide resistance level of a troublesome weed, annual ryegrass ( Lolium rigidum Gaud.). rapid evolution of herbicide resistance was possible, because low herbicide rates could select for minor traits and their accumulation through cross-pollination. These studies are highly relevant for the reason that low herbicide rates prevail in global agriculture—particularly in Australia, where recommended herbicide rates are the lowest in the world. In addition, grow - ers use lower than recommended rates for economic reasons and there is no bio-regula - tory authority to control the use of herbicides. Indeed, low herbicide rate alone would not lead to rapid evolution of herbicide resistance, but its interaction with the genetic and biological potential of a target weed species is also cru - cial to decide the pace of herbicide resistance evolution. Alarmingly, L. rigidum is genetically highly variable and possesses many biological and genetic attributes that aid this species to augment resistance mechanisms to combat the never-ending herbicide selection pressure. In this review, the biological and genetic potential of this cross-pollinating species to evolve as one of the most troublesome weeds is examined. In that way, this review would be a practical lesson to frame future herbicide resistance manage - ment strategies for troublesome weeds in global agriculture. A diversified herbicide-use pattern and integration of appropriate nonchemical methods are envisaged to minimize the pace of herbicide resistance evolution. Another impor - tant message is that herbicides should be used only at the recommended rates.