Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Expression Pattern of Ethylene-Related Genes in Response to Preharvest Chemical Treatments during Development and Ripening of Mangosteen Fruit (Garcinia mangostana L.)

The expression of ethylene associated genes based on development stage from fruit set until harvest in mangosteen has not been studied yet in some previous studies. The objective of this study was to investigate the expression pattern of genes involved in ethylene biosynthesis, Gm-ACS, and Gm-ACO, and perception, Gm-ETR, from the stages of fruit set (Period I), fruit development (Period II), and maturation until ripening or harvesting (Period III). The results showed that ethylene biosynthetic genes on the Gm-ACO gene were correlated with ethylene production's climacteric pattern. Gm-ACO was upregulated at the beginning of the fruit set and then decreased. Fruit at age 2 10 weeks after anthesis showed a decrease in the Gm-ACO gene's mRNA levels. Then, Gm-ACO expression re-appeared and increased at the fruitage 11 12 after the fruit set. At the harvest-stage, the fruit showed down-regulation at the lowest level of the Gm-ACO expression. Ethephon treatment at or beyond 24 h (threshold time) increased the mRNA levels of Gm-ACS, Gm-ACO, and Gm-ETR. In contrast, the 1-Methylcyclopropene (1-MCP) treatment under the threshold time resulted in undetectable expression in all ethylene-related genes. These data would be beneficial to elucidate the molecular mechanisms in the mangosteen fruit ripening process. In addition, preharvest application of ethephon or 1-MCP can induce or inhibit the gene expression of ethylene biosynthesis and perception.
Étude par microspectroscopie Raman de l'interaction lipide/peptide dans les films noirs de phospholipides

Ce travail est consacre a l'etude par microspectroscopie Raman confocale de l'interaction lipide/proteine dans des films moleculaires ultraminces susceptibles de constituer des systemes modeles de membranes cellulaires. Les possibilites offertes dans ce domaine par des films noirs auto-supportes, constitues de deux monocouches lipidiques separees par un coeur aqueux interstitiel de seulement quelques nanometres d'epaisseur sont examinees et comparees a celles qu'offrent des systemes membranaires modeles plus traditionnels tels qu'une monocouche de Langmuir etendue a l'interface air/eau ou une bicouche supportee sur un substrat. Ainsi, l'organisation conformationnelle et laterale de ces differentes architectures de phospholipides est etudiee pour des films purs de DMPC en phase fluide et en phase gel, puis pour des films mixtes de contenant des quantites croissantes de melittine, un petit peptide extrait du venin d'abeille connu pour ses proprietes lytiques. Nos resultats indiquent que les films noirs de DMPC presentent de nombreuses caracteristiques communes avec les modeles membranaires couramment utilises et que la presence de melittine se traduit par des variations d'organisation similaires a celles observees dans des monocouches de Langmuir et des bicouches supportees. De plus, l'epaisseur de phase aqueuse extremement reduite de ces films noirs conduit a une bien meilleure qualite de spectre, ce qui permet de mener une analyse quantitative precise et egalement de travailler avec des rapports molaires proteine/lipide beaucoup plus faibles que ceux generalement publies. En consequence, malgre leur structure inversee par rapport a celle d'une membrane cellulaire, les films noirs auto-supportes constituent un modele membranaire pertinent et se presentent comme une alternative avantageuse aux monocouches et aux bicouches pour l'etude d'interaction proteine/lipide en spectroscopie vibrationnelle.
Cross-target transfer algorithm based on the volterra model of SSVEP-BCI

In general, a large amount of training data can effectively improve the classification performance of the Steady-State Visually Evoked Potential (SSVEP)-based Brain-Computer Interface (BCI) system. However, it will prolong the training time and considerably restrict the practicality of the system. This study proposed a SSVEP nonlinear signal model based on the Volterra filter, which could reconstruct stable reference signals using relatively small number of training targets by transfer learning, thereby reducing the training cost of SSVEP-BCI. Moreover, this study designed a transfer-extended Canonical Correlation Analysis (t-eCCA) method based on the model to achieve cross-target transfer. As a result, in a single-target SSVEP experiment with 16 stimulus frequencies, t-eCCA obtained an average accuracy of 86.96%±12.87% across 12 subjects using only half of the calibration time, which exhibited no significant difference from the representative training classification algorithms, namely, extended canonical correlation analysis (88.32%±13.97%) and task-related component analysis (88.92%±14.44%), and was significantly higher than that of the classic non-training algorithms, namely, Canonical Correlation Analysis (CCA) as well as filter-bank CCA. Results showed that the proposed cross-target transfer algorithm t-eCCA could fully utilize the information about the targets and its stimulus frequencies and effectively reduce the training time of SSVEP-BCI.
A Survey on Image Super-Resolution with Generative Adversarial Networks

Cozunurluk artirimi (super-cozunurluk) belirli bir artirim degeri ile gorselin yuksek cozunurlukteki detaylarini korumaya calisarak boyutlarini artirma islemidir. Super-cozunurluk bircok teknik ile gerceklestirilebilir. Ancak bu konudaki en etkili teknikler cesitli sinir agi tasarimlarindan yararlanan tekniklerdir. Bazi ag tasarimlari belirli konularda digerlerine gore daha uygundur. Bu calisma Uretken Cekismeli Aglar ile gerceklestirilmis cozunurluk yukseltme islemlerine odaklanmistir. Bircok calisma yapar veri uretimi ve verinin daha anlamli hale getirilmesi gibi cesitli konularda bu yapay sinir agi tipini kullanir. Bu yapay sinir agi tipi ile yapay veri uretimi ve verinin daha anlamli hale getirilmesi gibi alanlarda basarili calismalar mevcuttur. Daha gercekci sonuclar uretebilmesi icin birbirini yenmeye calisan iki alt agdan olusmasi bu ag turunun kilit noktasidir. Uretilen gorselin kalitesini olcen basarim olcumleri, sinir aginda kullanilan yitim fonksiyonlari ve Uretken Cekismeli Ag kullanarak tekil-gorsel cozunurluk artirimi uzerine calisilmis arastirma makaleleri bu calismanin temel alaninda yer almaktadir.
An approach of target photometric measuring for theodolite visible light imaging

Photoelectric theodolite is important optical measurement equipment in pelagic aerospace TT&C systems. The visible light imaging method helps capture significant information of the observed target, photometric information is one of them. To achieve expediently and quickly target photometric measuring, it studies and realizes a measuring method, by using stars in the same field of view as the observed target in this paper. Firstly, it calculates the gray values for target and star by image processing algorithm in the image captured by theodolite. Then magnitude information of the star is obtained by using a star catalogue. Lastly, magnitude of the target is calculated by antitheses method. The approach is implemented to investigate the measuring performance and an experiment is carried out by using images containing at least two stars. The result shows good performance of the proposed method.
Variations in the diversity of the soil microbial community and structure under various categories of degraded wetland in Sanjiang Plain, northeastern China

Understanding the changes in microbial community composition in wetlands affected by different types of degradation can help enrich theoretical knowledge about wetland degradation. However, studies of the relative role of microorganisms under different types of degradation of wetlands are rare in wetland ecology. Because of agricultural development, a large volume of groundwater has been extracted from the Sanjiang Plain over the last few decades, which has caused wetland degradation. To provide information for the development and protection of this wetland ecosystem, investigations into the processes of wetland degradation are important. The aim of the present work was to assess the impacts of wetland degradation on soil microbial communities under four different types of wetlands degradation in the Sanjiang Plain: swamp meadow (SW), meadow wetland (MW), paddy farmland (PF), and cropland (CL). Both 16S and ITS rRNA gene amplicon sequencing were used to evaluate the diversity and composition of bacteria and fungi. A total of 638,758 effective 16S rRNA and 916,211 valid internal transcribed spacer rRNA gene sequences were obtained, which were classified into 11 fungal and 40 bacterial phyla. The dominant fungal and bacterial phyla were Ascomycota and Proteobacteria, respectively. In addition, wetland degradation increased the relative abundances of Chloroflexi and Gemmatimonadetes, but the relative abundances of Proteobacteria and Verrucomicrobia significantly decreased. The bacterial Shannon index of SW was lower than those of the other investigated sites. Fungal diversity showed no significant differences for different types of degraded wetlands. In addition to wetland degradation, different reactions of the dominant microbial phyla and their diversity were clearly coorelated with total phosphorus (TP), total potassium (TK), available potassium (AK), and soil organic matter (SOM), which formed essential criteria that influenced the soil microbial communities. Wetland degradation resulted in the decrease of soil nutrient and the decline of the abundance of dominant phylum in soil bacterial and fungal communities. These changes can be used as an early warning signal for the degrading wetland of the Sanjiang Plain.
Success Probability Analysis of Cooperative C-V2X Communications

In this paper, we present the success probability analysis of cooperative cellular vehicle-to-everything (C-V2X) communications, i.e., cellular-relay V2X communications. We model the spatial layout of macro base stations (MBSs) as a 2D Poisson point process (PPP) and roads as a Poisson line process (PLP), with road wireless nodes (including vehicles and roadside units) modeled as a 1D PPP on each road. For a typical source node, we calculate the signal-to-interference ratio (SIR)-based success probability of transmitting a packet to its closest destination node with the assist of its nearest MBS. We take into account three cooperative transmission schemes and derive their expressions of joint success probability in two consecutive phases considering the correlation of road topology and nodes’ locations, respectively. We verify the accuracy of our analytical results through Monte-Carlo simulations. In addition, we explore the impacts of several key parameters on the success probability and discuss the selection of transmission schemes.
CURE CHARACTERISTICS OF DEVULCANIZED RUBBER:THE ISSUE OF LOW SCORCH

ABSTRACT We investigate the reasons behind the observed low scorch during the revulcanization of devulcanized rubber. Mechanically devulcanized carbon black filled natural rubber vulcanizates originally cured by conventional vulcanization (CV), semiefficient vulcanization (semi EV), efficient vulcanization (EV), and peroxide systems as well as buffing dust obtained from pre-cured tread with known formulation were used. Revulcanization of these devulcanized samples using sulfur/sulfonamide system led to the following observations; irrespective of the type of sulfur cure system used for the initial vulcanization of the rubber, (i) the devulcanized samples cured without pre-vulcanization induction time and (ii) devulcanized samples prepared from peroxide vulcanized rubber cured with scorch safety. Based on the earlier reports that solvent extraction of devulcanized rubber did not improve the scorch time during revulcanization, the role of zinc bound non-extractable moieties was investigated using devulcanize.
The effects of nutritional state, sex and body size on the marine migration behaviour of sea trout

The sea trout (anadromous brown trout Salmo trutta) displays extensive among-individual variation in marine migration behaviour. We studied the migration behaviour of 286 sea trout (27-89 cm) tagged with acoustic transmitters in the spring, in 7 populations located in 2 distinct marine fjord systems in Norway. We examined whether individual nutritional state, sex and body size influenced marine migration behaviour in terms of (1) the decision to migrate to the sea or remain resident in freshwater and/or estuarine habitats, (2) seasonal timing of sea entry, (3) duration of the marine residency and (4) migration distance at sea from the home river. Most sea trout were in a poor nutritional state in the spring prior to migration. Sea trout with low body condition factors and low plasma triglyceride levels were more likely to migrate to sea, and low triglyceride levels were also associated with earlier sea entry. Poor body condition also increased the probability of individuals remaining at sea longer and migrating further offshore compared to fish in better condition. Females were more likely to migrate to the sea than males. Larger fish were also more likely to migrate to the sea instead of remaining in freshwater and estuaries, and dispersed over greater distances from the river than smaller fish. In conclusion, this study documented general trends across multiple populations and showed that nutritional state, sex and body size influence important aspects of the marine migration behaviour of sea trout.
Thermal Denaturation and Aggregation of Whey Proteins

The denaturation of whey protein in a rennet casein whey, as measured by protein rendered insoluble at pH 4.5 and reactive thiol groups, increased slowly on heating at 60 and 70? C and increased very quickly on heating at 80 and 90? C. This shows that whey protein denaturation is a co-operative process with a large thermal coefficient. Electrophoresis showed that the relative denaturation rates of the individual whey proteins differed/The order of heat resistance found was proteose peptone >a-lactalbumin>B-lactoglobuIin>bovine serum albumin immunoglobulin. The contribution of the individual whey proteins to the total protein denaturation is shown. The thermodenaturation of the total whey protein increased with increasing pH in the range 4.5-7.0 and electrophoresis showed that the thermal response of the individual whey proteins to pH differed. Greatest denaturation of B-lactoglobulin occurred at high pH, bovine serum albumin was most resistant at high pH while the thermal denaturation of a-lactalbumin was relatively independent of pH. Thermal precipitation was also found to be pH dependent with greatest aggregation occurring in the pH range 4.5-5.5. That thermal precipitation of whey proteins is influenced mainly by electrostatic charge is shown by the increased precipitation at high pH on the neutralization of the high negative charge of denatured protein molecules by the addition of Ca^+
Highly Tensile-Strained Self-Assembled Ge Quantum Dots on InP Substrates for Integrated Light Sources

Highly tensile-strained Ge quantum dots (TS-Ge-QDs) emitting structures with different size were successfully grown on InP substrates by molecular beam epitaxy. Dislocation-free TS-Ge-QDs were observed by transmission electron microscopy. Finite element modeling indicates a maximum tensile strain of 4.5% in the Ge QDs, which is much larger than the required strain to achieve direct band gap conversion of Ge based on theoretical prediction. Photoluminescence (PL) from a direct band-gap-like transition of TS-Ge-QDs with a peak energy of 0.796 eV was achieved and confirmed by the etch depth-dependent PL, temperature-dependent PL, and excitation-power-dependent PL. In addition, a strong defect-related peak of 1 eV was observed at room temperature. The band structure of the TS-Ge-QDs emitting structures was calculated to support the experimental results of PL spectra. Achieving PL from direct band-gap-like transitions of TS-Ge-QDs provides encouraging evidence of this promising highly tensile strained semiconductor-nanostructure-based platform for future photonics applications such as integrated light sources.
The future of university education: Examination, transcript, and certificate system using blockchain

Blockchain is slowly but surely changing the world. Cryptocurrencies are having a profound effect on the economic landscape. With the advent of COVID‐19, the education sector, just like other sectors, need a complete reinvention or redesign to continue producing graduates that would be able to effectively contribute to an ever‐changing world. Very often, the administrative burden of managing the award of academic qualifications is ignored. With a globalised world and given the actual context of COVID‐19, education is no longer seen as being carried out within the four walls of the classroom. The future of University education lies within the ability to pool resources from different places and to encourage cross‐university collaboration. This can also be seen as the ability to assemble the different building blocks so that the learners are able to acquire the necessary skills and knowledge. This study focuses on the design and implementation of an examination, transcript and certificate system using blockchain. It is meant to provide a completely transparent and effective examination and awards system that can be used to replace the traditional one in place. What has also proposed in this study is a novel light blockchain system composed of a number of modules, which have been built from scratch. With its decentralised approach, the proposed system proved to be very much helpful. Other features, such as security, immutability, availability, and anonymity, of the system are also discussed and yielded highly encouraging results.
Energy-Efficient Multi-Access Mobile Edge Computing With Secrecy Provisioning

Thanks to the wide deployment of heterogeneous radio access networks (RANs) in the past decades, the emerging paradigm of multi-access mobile edge computing, which allows mobile terminals to simultaneously offload the computation-workloads to several different edge-computing servers via multi-RANs, has provided a promising scheme for enabling the computation-intensive mobile Internet services in future wireless systems. The broadcasting nature of radio transmission, however, may lead to a potential secrecy-outage during the offloading transmission. In this paper, we thus investigate the energy-efficient multi-access mobile edge computing with secrecy provisioning. Specifically, we first investigate the scenario of one wireless device's (WD's) multi-access offloading subject to a malicious node's eavesdropping. By characterizing the WD's secrecy based throughput in its offloading transmission, we formulate a joint optimization of the WD's multi-access computation offloading, secrecy provisioning, and offloading-transmission duration, with the objective of minimizing the WD's total energy consumption, while providing a guaranteed secrecy-outage during offloading and a guaranteed overall-latency in completing the WD's workload. Despite the non-convexity of this joint optimization problem, we exploit its layered structure and propose an efficient algorithm for solving it. Based on the study on the single-WD scenario, we further investigate the scenario of multiple WDs, in which a group of WDs sequentially execute the multi-access computation offloading, while subject to a malicious node's eavesdropping. Taking the coupling effect among different WDs into account, we propose a swapping-heuristic based algorithm (that uses our proposed single-WD algorithm as a subroutine) for finding the ordering of the WDs to execute the multi-access computation offloading, with the objective of minimizing all WDs’ total energy consumption. Extensive numerical results are provided to validate the effectiveness and efficiency of our proposed algorithms. The results demonstrate that our algorithms can outperform some conventional fixed offloading scheduling scheme and randomized offloading ordering scheme.
A comparison of numerical solvers for the delay eigenvalue problem of coupled oscillators

In this work, we conduct a comparison for various delay differential equations’ solvers to determine the strength and weakness points of each one. The comparison is clarified through a numerical example in which we consider the coupled harmonic oscillators. We obtain the eigenvalues of the delayed coupled harmonic oscillators system by solving the governing equations by all considered methods. However, the methods of concern in this paper are as follows: the Taylor series expansion, Rekasius’s substitution, self-consistent approach, and the Krylov method with Chebyshev interpolation. The main aspects that we investigate in this paper are the stability, robustness, and numerical efficiency. We found that the Krylov method with Chebyshev interpolation performs better than all the other considered ones.
Utilization of waste vegetable oil methyl esters as lubricant oil

Increasing environmental awareness and threats to the environment have made the recycling of biomass products necessary. The goal of this paper is to study the tribological properties of fatty acid methyl esters derived from waste frying oils under different lubrication conditions. For this purpose, the performance of candidate fatty acid methyl esters was compared with a mineral base oil. For the determination of tribological properties, a pin-on-disc wear tester was used. The experiments were carried out in three replications at different loads (5, 10, and 15 N) and different sliding speeds (100, 300, and 600 r/min) and a 1000 m sliding distance under dry, boundary-mixed, and fluid lubrication conditions. After the wear amount of the test specimens was determined by the mass loss method, their Archard wear indexes were calculated. Scanning electron microscopy surface images were used for visual analysis and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy images for chemical analysis. The surface contact angles and surface tensions of the lubricant test specimens were also measured experimentally. In all experimental results, it has been found that the tribological properties of used frying oil fatty acid methyl esters such as friction, wear, and surface adhesion are generally better than the base oil under all lubrication conditions. Fatty acid methyl esters is a biodegradable, recycling, and environmentally friendly product and can be confirmed as a lubricant and/or an oil additive candidate.
Ferning, Schimer I and Tear Break Up Time (TBUT) Accuracy Test in Post-Operative Cataract Patient with Extra Capsular Cataract Extraction (ECCE) Technique

Objective: To determine the accuracy of the Ferning, Schimer I and TBUT test in cataract patients after cataract surgery with the ECCE technique at the Eye Polyclinic at Mohammad Hoesin Hospital Palembang and the Special Eye Hospital Palembang Methods: Diagnostic test was undertaken at the Eye Polyclinic at Mohammad Hoesin Hospital Palembang and the Special Eye Hospital Palembang from May 2019 to January 2020. There were 42 postoperative cataract patients who met the inclusion criteria. Ferning, Schimer I and TBUT tests were performed before surgery and one month after surgery. Data analysis using SPSS version 22.0 (SPSS, Inc Chicago, Illinois). Results: Fourty two samples of postoperative cataract surgery with ECCE technique obtained by female sex (57,1%) with a mean age of cataract patients of approximately 58.09 years. The accuracy of Schimer I and TBUT is 0.952 with 100% sensitivity, 50% specificity, 95% positive predictive value (PPV) and 100% negative predictive value (NPV), the accuracy of TBUT and Ferning is 0.881 with 90.2% sensitivity, 0% specificity , positive predictive value (PPV) 97.4% and negative predictive value (NPV) 0% while the accuracy of Ferning and Schimer I was 0.928 with a sensitivity of 97.5%, specificity of 0%, positive predictive value (PPV) of 95.1% and negative predictive value (NPV) 0%. Conclusion: Schimer I test is more accurate to use as a predictor of dry eye in postoperative cataract patients than Ferning and TBUT