Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Heterogeneity of mononuclear phagocytes in interstitial lung diseases

textabstractInterstitial lung diseases are a heterogeneous group of illnesses with different pathogeneses. In interstitial lung diseases there often is an increased influx of cells from the peripheral blood (PB) to the interstitium and alveoli. Besides the increase in total cell numbers, often marked shifts in the cell populations occur. This thesis describes the immunophenotype of the cells involved in three types of interstitial lung diseases, namely sarcoidosis, idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) and extrinsic allergic alveolitis (EM). Emphasis is put on monocytic cells and macrophages. The cell surface markers of monocytes and macrophages as well as the immunophenotype of cultured purified monocytes have been studied. In addition surface antigens of cells from PB and bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) fluid have been studied in the forementioned interstitial lung diseases
Women and Alcohol: Contemporary and Historical Perspectives

Moira Plant Free Association Books, £15.95, pp 388 ISBN 1 85343 364 0 The macho Romans meted out severe punishments to women (the traditional producers and retailers of alcohol) if they touched a drop of the stuff; the fun loving Etruscans made sure that women as well as men were provided with wine in the afterlife. Nowadays men drink alcohol in some Islamic countries, but women on the whole do not; we enlightened Europeans boast that we …
Formas clínicas de presentación del hematoma subdural crónico en el adulto mayor en el Hospital de Quelimane (Mozambique, 2009–2013)

OBJETIVO: Describir el comportamiento de las formas clinicas de presentacion del hematoma subdural cronico en el adulto mayor. METODOS: Se realizo un estudio retrospectivo en el Hospital Provincial de Quelimane (Mozambique) en un periodo de 4 anos (junio 2009 a junio 2013) de todos los casos diagnosticados como hematoma subdural cronico con el uso de la tomografia axial computarizada. Se estudiaron las variables: sexo, edad, lado del hematoma, factores de riesgo y formas clinicas de presentacion. RESULTADOS: La muestra del estudio estuvo constituida por doce pacientes en edades comprendidas entre 60 y 82 anos. El 58,3 % de los hematomas diagnosticados se localizaron en el lado izquierdo. La mayoria de los pacientes eran del sexo masculino (75 %). Dentro de los factores de riesgo que antecedieron a la enfermedad se presento el traumatismo craneal como el de mayor frecuencia (66,6 %). El antecedente de alcoholismo se recogio en 6 de los enfermos (50 %) y el uso de los anticoagulantes orales en 5 pacientes (41,6 %). La cefalea progresiva fue la forma clinica de presentacion mas frecuente en los pacientes (41,6 %). Fue menor la frecuencia de casos presentados con confusion mental (25 %), deficit motor (16,6 %) y con el sindrome de herniacion uncal (16,6 %). CONCLUSIONES: Las formas clinicas de presentacion del hematoma subdural cronico pueden ser variables. El reconocimiento de las formas clasicas y los antecedentes de riesgo favorecen de manera positiva el diagnostico precoz de los pacientes.
Economic evaluation of alcohol treatments : linking drinking patterns, alcohol consequences and cost effectiveness of alcohol treatments

The negative individual and social impacts of alcohol consumption raise a considerable policy interest surrounding alcohol treatment. Economic evaluations help on the allocation of scarce health care resources, but these have been inadequately conducted in the alcohol field. This thesis builds up a taxonomy of alcohol-related consequences that should be included in economic evaluations of alcohol treatment and uses this taxonomy to critically review the published evidence around the cost effectiveness of alcohol treatments. The review provides a set of recommendations and most of them are pursued throughout the thesis. An economic model for the cost effectiveness of alcohol treatments is developed. The framework provides the means to conduct economic evaluation while bearing the complexity and challenges of decision making in the field of human behaviour. A link between drinking patterns, health consequences and alcohol treatment effectiveness and cost effectiveness is created. This is a probabilistic lifetime model that uses the cohort simulation approach. The model can be applied to any setting and this is exemplified for a UK-scenario. The methods and data for the generation of UK-specific model inputs are described and used in two model applications. A first application of the model extrapolates the results of a short term randomized controlled trial and provides the expected lifetime costs and outcomes of the treatments compared, by age and gender. A second application compares two alcohol treatments delivered in different countries and to populations very different at baseline. Both case-studies show the importance of time and that only a long-term analysis can capture both short-term alcohol consequences, such as injuries, and long-term consequences, such as most forms of alcohol-related chronic diseases. Assumptions and implications of the methods and analyses are discussed and recommendations for future research are presented.
Senzibilizacija na inhalacijske alergene u školske djece sa astmom Sensitization to inhaled allergens in school children with asthma

Au tor za ko res pon den ci ju/Corresponding aut hor: Štefanija Munivrana, MD, Pediatrician, Alergology and clinical imunology, Ante Kovačića 36, 42 000 Varaždin, Croatia • Tel: +385 40 375 444 • Telefax: +385 40 313 325 • Mob:+385 91 76 31 067 • E-mail: stefanija.munivrana@hotmail.com Received February 06th 2014; Accepted August 26th 2014; Senzibilizacija na inhalacijske alergene u školske djece sa astmom
The shaping of decision-making in governance in the New Zealand Public Healthcare Services

3 CHAPTER 1 5 INTRODUCTION 5 The research question – the shaping of decision-making in governance in New Zealand public healthcare services 5 Position of the researcher 6 Background and justification for the study 7 HISTORICAL CONTEXT 8 Corporate governance 8 Clinical governance 9 STRUCTURE OF THE THESIS 10 Culture and the economy of power – Pierre Bourdieu’s methodology 10 New Zealand healthcare services in context 10 Decision-making and governance 10 Method and data collection 11 Data analysis 11 Discussion and conclusions 11 CHAPTER 2 13 PIERRE BOURDIEU – CULTURE AND THE ECONOMY OF POWER 13 Introduction 13 Choosing Bourdieu 13 The Context of a Critical Framework 15 Theory of Practice 17 Habitus 18 Field 19 Capital and the concept of economism 21
The Effectiveness Of Auricular Acupuncture For Drug Addiction: A Review Of Research Evidence From Clinical Trials

Objectives: This review aims to compile and evaluate all available randomised controlled trials (RCTs) of auricular acupuncture (AA) treatment in drug addiction population with emphasis on the length of treatment course, needlepoints, outcome measures, reported side-effects and overall outcomes. Methods: Science Direct, Medline and EBSCOhost databases were searched. From the year 1990 until 2010, only full-length English articles incorporating RCTs related to AA studies (needle-based only) in drug addiction such as heroin, morphine, methamphetamine and cocaine were included. Studies involving the usage of various methods of electro-acupuncture and investigations relating to cigarettesmoking or alcohol addiction were excluded. Results: Eight RCTs met all inclusion criteria comprising of 1,594 respondents (age = 19 - 46 years; male = 57% - 76%). Most were involved in cocaine addiction. Overall, trials were designed with brief periods of treatment course and utilised three to five standard National Acupuncture Detoxification Association (NADA) points (Sympathetic, Lung, Liver, Kidney and Shen men), but inconsistent sham points. All trials included urine toxicology test as the main outcome measure while data on side-effects incidence was insufficient. Conclusions: Overall, four of the RCTs reported positive outcomes although at this point, AA’s effectiveness and safety could not be substantially confirmed. For the future, high-quality RCTs of AA are urgently required to provide a clearer understanding on the usefulness of this complementary therapy in drug addiction treatment. ASEAN Journal of Psychiatry, Vol.13(1), January - June 2012: XX XX
Anxiety after stroke: prevalence, intervention effectiveness, and illness representations

Stroke is a life changing event that can result in significant negative consequences. As such psychological disturbances may arise. In the general population anxiety is the most prevalent mental health condition, yet it remains under-researched and under-recognised within stroke survivors. Anxiety, is associated with decreased quality of life, increased healthcare utilisation, and increased severity of depression. The aims of the programme of research organised in this thesis were to establish a quantitative estimate of the prevalence of anxiety after stroke, to determine if there were any interventions that were effective in treating it and to uncover psychological factors that may have attributed to the manifestation of anxiety after stroke. Three studies were conducted. The first was a systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies that assessed the prevalence of anxiety after stroke. The second study was a Cochrane systematic review of randomised control trials to examine if any interventions were effective in treating anxiety after stroke. The third study was a longitudinal cohort study that used the common-sense model of illness representations (Leventhal, Meyer and Nerenz 1980) to uncover the illness beliefs held by stroke survivors, and to evaluate whether these beliefs were associated with anxiety after stroke. Approximately 20% of stroke survivors were found to have an anxiety disorder, and 25% experienced significant levels of anxiety symptoms. Currently, there is insufficient evidence from randomised control trials to guide treatment of anxiety after stroke. Illness representations were relatively stable over time. Only higher illness identity (e.g. attributing a higher symptom burden to stroke), and having a more emotional response to ones stroke were associated with anxiety in stroke survivors. Several limitations in all three studies may restrict the generalisability and validity of the findings and there are many questions that remain unanswered. However this work has contributed substantially to the investigation into the phenomenon of anxiety after stroke and can inform clinical guideline development, post-stroke psychological service provision and future intervention studies.
(-)-Epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG), green tea components, antagonize the anti-myeloma activity of proteasome inhibitor PS-341 by direct chemical interaction

2272 PS-341 (also known as bortezomib, Velcade®) has a remarkable anti-myeloma acitivity and is also potential candidate for the treatment of other tumors either alone or in combination with other chemotherapeutic agents. Investigations on the effectiveness of PS-341 in combination with other anti-neoplastic agents are currently under clinical trial. Since (-)-epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) has been reported its anti-cancer activity in various cancer types, we tried a co-treatment of PS-341 with EGCG on myeloma cells, expecting a synergistic effect. However, the anti-cancer activity of PS-341 was blocked by EGCG without any synergistic effect. At the early stage of our research, we suspected antioxidant function of EGCG is the main cause of antagonistic effect on PS-341-induced cell death. Thus we selected polyphenols showing strong antioxidant function including vitamin C. But, we did not obtain any consistant data that support the significant correlation of antioxidant function of polyphenols with antagonistic effects. Instead, the structural features of polyphenols showed striking correlations with antagonistic effect; especially the presence or absence of vicinal diol moiety on polyphenol was the key elements for the effective blocking on anti-cancer function of PS-341. We infer that vicinal diols on polyphenols interact with boronic acid of PS-341, which convert active triangular boronic acid (sp 2 character) of PS-341 to inactive tetrahedral boronate (sp 3 character) through direct chemical interaction. The equilibrium of this conversion is controlled by structures and concentration of polyphenols, and this conversion abolished the anti-myeloma activity of PS-341. We confirmed our hypothesis on direct chemical interaction of PS-341 with EGCG through 11 B NMR experiment and cell viability assay data clearly support the antagonistic interaction between PS-341 and polyphenols in multiple myeloma cell lines and primary myeloma cells from patients. Based on our researches, restriction of the intake of natural polyphenols by food or vitamin supplements should be considered during the treatment with PS-341 in MM patients.
Endoscopic Submucosal Dissection (E.S.D.) VS Endoscopic Mucosal Resection (E.M.R.) in Colombia: Advocating for E.S.D

The high incidence of gastric cancer in countries like Japan has led to an ongoing search for technological improvements for early diagnosis and minimally invasive treatment of lesions. It is clear that early diagnoses and timely treatments are related to better prognoses and higher survival rates (1, 2). Similar technological developments have already made possible what was just a fantasy a few years back: performance of endoscopic resections of early gastric cancers with curability rates close to the “gold standard” of radical surgery with lymphadenectomy (3). Endoscopic minimally invasive treatment of early gastric cancer was developed after the low risk of invasion of lymph nodes had been established. This risk ranges between 0.0% and 0.3% for well-differentiated intramucosal lesions under 30 mm, is 0.4 % for well-differentiated intramucosal ulcerated lesions of any size, and in the worst case scenario can reach 3.1% for lymph node invasions when the upper submucosal layer (Sm 1) is compromised (11, 12). The development of endoscopic therapy accessories made endoscopic mucosal resection (EMR) and its variations possible. Those variations include resection with snare, handle and clip with dual channel endoscope (“strip biopsy”), endoscopic mucosal resection using a cap-fitted endoscope (EMRC), and endoscopic mucosal resection with ligation (EMRL). When performed with adequate indications, these were safe and effective procedures for treatment of small early cancers (Table 1). (1, 4, 5, 13-15) However, despite EMR’s success in cases of small early lesions, endoscopically more complex cases in terms of size and depth still needed to be solved. This led to a search for improvements in technique to make extraction of lesions in a single piece possible (1, 6, 7). This was the starting point for development of endoscopic knives among which is the insulation-tipped diathermic knife (IT knifeOlympus). This knife makes it possible to not only perform wider resections, but also to perform deeper ones in a safe and controlled manner. Its use allows one piece resections in up to 98% of cases compared to the 76% of cases with the use of REM. In addition, to 93% of these resections have tumor free border and curability rates are close to 97.2 %. This is equivalent to surgical resections with lymph node dissection but with a much lower mortality rate, better patient quality of life, and shorter post-operative recuperation period (1, 7, 14).
The influence of Nordic walking exercise on upper extremity strength and the volume of lymphoedema in women following breast cancer treatment

The aim of this study was to examine the effect of Nordic walking on upper extremity strength and the level of lymphoedema in women following treatment for breast cancer (BC). A group of 38 women with treated BC were assigned to two groups: a study group of 23 women taking part in 8 weeks of Nordic walking and a control group of 15 women. Each participant was assessed for bilateral muscle strength using an upper limb push-pull attachment. Circumference measurement served for determination of the volume of the lymphoedema. In women after the surgical procedure on the right side statistically significant changes in the strength of pushing motion of both the right and the left were observed. In women after the surgical procedure on the left side these values were statistically significant only for the left extremity. No significant changes were demonstrated for the treated side; we did not record either the occurrence or the intensification of lymphoedema in women after BC treatment. So, Nordic walking can be considered as safe form of rehabilitation for this group of patients.
How to communicatie STI and HIV test results online to MSM? The barriers and motives MSM perceive in the online communication of STI and HIV test results

Testlab is an online service for Men who have Sex with Men (MSM) to get tested on STIs and HIV. Testlab is part of the MANtotMAN project. This project aims to improve testing behaviour and increase awareness on STIs and HIV among MSM. Currently, the users of Testlab do not receive specific test result online, because it does not seem appropriate to communicate potentially upsetting news online, without the presence of a health care professional. However, little is known about the barriers and motives MSM perceive in receiving online test results. Forty-four interviews were held with MSM to investigate barriers, motives and the importance of the tone of online communication regarding test results. The main conclusion of this study is that the vast majority of participants would like to have the option to choose whether or not to receive their specific test results online. They perceive little barriers in receiving low impact STIs (Chlamydia, gonorrhoea, syphilis and) test results. More barriers are perceived for HIV online test results.
Parents and Female Students' Acceptance of the Phenomenology of Females Studying Abroad: A Case Study of the Sultanate of Oman

This study examines Omani parents' perceptions about sending their daughters to study outside the Sultanate of Oman and how female students view this phenomenon. In addition, it investigates whether the parents in Oman support or oppose the idea of Omani women studying overseas. Moreover, the research studies the difficulties that Omani women faced while studying abroad and their solutions. This research embarks on a journey to review the literature on the topic that shows the reasons that motivate people to study abroad and the procedures that parents and their children should follow before choosing a host country. Twenty Omani parents and twenty female Omani students who have been to Australia were involved in this study, as well as twenty female staff workers at Sultan Qaboos University. The research is a survey in nature, using questionnaires as well as employing descriptive statistics with graphs and figures in answering the research questions. The findings of this study indicated that Omani female students were excited when they were given the opportunity to study overseas. Omani females who are studying or studied abroad have not faced difficulties in terms of social life and language barriers in host countries. They faced difficulties such as homesickness, cultural shock, food, host families and transportation. The majority of the parents consider the cost of studying abroad as an important factor in allowing or preventing their daughters from studying abroad, while it is less important for their daughters. Moreover, parents have identified five important factors that determine their choice for the host country. The most important of these factors is the religion of the country to which their daughters are sent, while it is the least important factor according to their daughters. Parents supported and accepted to send their daughters abroad for studying while they were hesitant at the beginning. Parents didn’t welcome the idea of their daughters travelling alone without a protector.
Effect of Psycho-Educational Training Program for Parent's Having Child with Leukemia on Their Experience and Psychological Wellbeing

Leukemia is a significant public health and life-threatening problem for pediatric cancer patients. Family caregivers of cancer patients receive little preparation, information, or support to perform their care giving role. This study aims to assess the effect of psycho-educational training program to enhancing practice and psychosocial adaptation for parents caring child with leukemia. the study was conducted at day care and out patient clinic in pediatric hospital of Ain Shams University . the sample of this study consist of of 60 parents and their children attended day care and out patient clinic in pediatric Hospital of Ain Shams University. Data were collected through three tool first tool . ,Interview questionnairesheet: it is developed by the researchers to collecting data regarding socio-demographic characteristics about patients and family caregivers , family knowledge about leukemia and family practice regarding care child with leukemia 2 nd toolis Ryff’spsychological Well-Being Scales (PWB). third tools is Caregiver strain Index (CSI). the results reveleaved that was significant improvement in familyknowedge and practice ,as wellas were significant decrease in the stress level after Pogrom intervention andthere was a siginificant difference . Regarding psychological wellbeingbefore and after program intervention.thepresent recommended that Further research is necessary to understand the mechanisms through which parents cope with the strain of parenting a cancer survivor and how parenting stress in this parents influences both physical and mental health.
Utilização do duplo-laço na cirurgia do ombro*

O reparo da lesão de Bankart, do lábio superior da glenóide e do manguito rotador utilizando âncoras para a reinserção foi descrito e realizado por muitos autores(1-6,13,17), tendo sido desenvolvida grande variedade de implantes e instrumentais por diversas empresas para esse fim. As âncoras são apresentadas em vários tamanhos, maneiras de fixação e materiais. Essa técnica afasta o risco de lesão do nervo supraescapular causada pela perfuração através da escápula ou do aperto do nó sobre o músculo infra-espinhoso nas lesões de Bankart(5). Com o instrumental de sutura do duplo-laço podemos substituir as sofisticadas pinças de Caspari e o suture hook da Concept, hoje Linvatec, com menor custo e igual eficiência(5,10,14,16). Foi acrescentada nova ferramenta no kit DLOOP(16) de sutura endoscópica da EDLO, que consiste em uma agulha do tipo gancho (90o), do mesmo calibre das agulhas no 16 já utilizadas para a sutura meniscal, que permite a transfixação da cápsula ou tendão e a passagem do duplolaço pelo orifício delas. As pequenas lesões do manguito rotador sem grande retração têm sido tratadas por técnica artroscópica por vários cirurgiões(1,4-10,12,13,17), sendo demonstrados bons e duradouros resultados, comparáveis às técnicas abertas. Temos utilizado a técnica de Snyder(7-10,12) com a seguinte modificação: no lugar da pinça de Caspari modificada ou do suture hook usamos a agulha em gancho da EDLO, bem como no lugar do shuttle relay, o duplo-laço.