Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Color preference: seasonal and gender differences

Palmer, S. , & Schloss, K. (2010). An ecological valence theory of human color preference. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 107(9), 8877-8882. Schloss, K. , Poggesi, R. , & Palmer, S. (2011). E ects of university a liation and “school spirit” on color preferences: Berkeley versus Stanford. Psychonomic Bulletin and Review, 18(3), 498-504. Taylor, C. , Cli ord, A. , & Franklin, A. (2011, VSS poster). Mere exposure in uences male colour preference, yet female colour preference is resistant to change. Journal of Vision, 11(11), article 387. Claudia D’Adamo Elaine Grulke Kerry Kenneally Thomas Langlois Teikyo Mowchan Tongbo Sui Michaela Superson Rosa Poggesi Thanks to: This longitudinal study undertaken over the course of a year provides evidence for the Ecological Valence Theory of color preference (Palmer & Schloss, 2010), since color preference changed with season in an environment where there are substantial seasonal color variations in the natural environment. The most pronounced di erences in color preference were found between spring and fall. This may be due to the more vivid colors present in New England falls (e.g., oranges, reds, yellows) and springs (e.g., greens). There were also gender di erences in color preference across seasons. Males appeared to vary more in their preferences, while females were more stable. This is in accord with other studies showing that color preference in males may be more in uenced by their surroundings. Taylor , Cli ord, & Franklin (2011) found that males were more susceptible to mere exposure e ects on color preferences whereas females were una ected. Seasonal Di erences in Color Preferences
Do Braille Cells Influence Legibility of Texts for the Sighted?

: Labels as a graphic product are important for information in declarations, especially for languages of smaller nations. Labels are increasingly required together with their ever more complicated technical performance, one of them being the desire to adapt the text to blind or partially sighted users. We therefore tested the possibility of using a declaration text in black with overprinted Braille cells with no or minor influence on legibility. The research was performed by analyzing the influence of printed cells on the achromatic halftone reproduction. The prints of the text and the overprinted Braille cells were made with a UV LED inkjet printer. Two different typefaces in two different sizes suitable for labelling were tested. The color properties were determined colorimetrically and the differences in the typographic tonal density of typefaces were measured with an image analysis. The legibility research was performed with the help of observers who read the plain printed text and the printed text in comb i nation with overprinted Braille cells made with varnish. The results showed that an appropriate typeface and type size can reduce the influence of overprinted Braille on text legibility.
Dentists` Awareness of white spot lesions during treatment with fixed orthodontic appliances

Introduction: Fixed orthodontic appliances are used for the treatment of jaw deformities for a certain period of time, but they are a risk factor for development of dental caries, because they are retentive and support plaque accumulation. The elements of fixed orthodontic technique can change the biological balance in the oral cavity and put the patients treated with such orthodontic appliances at high risk of developing dental caries. Aim: The aim of the study is to determine the dentists' awareness of white spot lesions as a side effect during orthodontic treatment with fixed appliances and the methods for their diagnostics, prevention and treatment. Material and Methods: The study includes 200 dentists, members of the Bulgarian Dental Union, randomly selected. Their knowledge was evaluated through an anonymous questionnaire of 15 questions. DOI: 10.18044/Medinform.202071. 1156 Original Article MedInform I S S U E 1 , 2 0 2
Dynamic Responses to Acute Heat Stress between 34 °C and 38.5 °C, and Characteristics of Heat Stress Response in Mice

We focused on dynamic responses to acute heat stress between 34 °C and 38.5 °C. Physiological and neuroendocrinological changes between 34 °C and 38.5 °C were studied in mice. The influence of humid conditions, 85% relative humidity (RH), on these changes was also investigated. Rectal temperatures increased above 34 °C and hematocrit levels increased at 38.5 °C 85% RH for 60 min. Food consumption and body weight gains decreased after a daily 60 min exposure to 34, 37 and 38.5 °C for 2 weeks. The corticosterone and vasopressin levels in the blood, and catecholamine and serotonin metabolite levels in the hypothalamus were not changed at 34 °C, but increased when above 37 °C for 60 min. Above 37 °C, these physiological and neuroendocrinological changes were accelerated by humid conditions. These results indicated that food consumption and body weight gains decreased above 34 °C, and the neuroendocrinological changes, which were accelerated by humid conditions, were induced above 37 °C. In comparison with restraint and water immersion stress, heat stress at 37 °C 85% RH showed a slower increase in serum corticosterone levels, smaller changes in plasma dopamine and dihydroxyphenylacetic acid levels, and, after repeated exposure, larger decreases in food consumption and body weight gains. This study clarified the relationships between temperature and humidity conditions and physiological and neuroendocrinological changes, along with the characteristics of responses in acute heat stress.
Yield comparisons of old and new cultivars of swedes (Brassica napus ssp. napobrassica) in Southland, New Zealand

Abstract Yield trials of swedes (Brassica napus ssp. napobrassica) were analysed to compare the performance of recently released cultivars with the older cultivars they have replaced. Data from 1993/94 to 1997/98 were analysed using a mixed model analysis and G*e effects were examined. The recently released ‘Major Plus’ produced the highest fresh weight yield of bulb, 105 t/ha, 15% higher than ‘Doon Major’, the low dry matter (DM) cultivar that it has replaced. ‘Highlander’ had over 14% higher bulb DM yield than ‘Doon Major’ and the other main crop cultivars that have been replaced. ‘Tina’, the older cultivar with good clubroot and dry rot resistance, had a low yield. ‘Winton’ was bred to combine the disease resistance of ‘Tina’ with the yield of ‘Highlander'; it produced a bulb dry yield 5% higher than ‘Highlander’ and 47% higher than ‘Tina’. Estimates of total dry weight yield gave similar results and over the trial environments and years examined ‘Winton’ was also the most stable cultivar for total dry weight yield.
PELLR: A Permutated ELLPACK-R Format for SpMV on GPUs

The sparse matrix vector multiplication (SpMV) is inevitable in almost all kinds of scientific computation, such as iterative methods for solving linear systems and eigenvalue problems. With the emergence and development of Graphics Processing Units (GPUs), high efficient formats for SpMV should be constructed. The performance of SpMV is mainly determinted by the storage format for sparse matrix. Based on the idea of JAD format, this paper improved the ELLPACK-R format, reduced the waiting time between different threads in a warp, and the speed up achieved about 1.5 in our experimental results. Compared with other formats, such as CSR, ELL, BiELL and so on, our format performance of SpMV is optimal over 70 percent of the test matrix. We proposed a method based on parameters to analyze the performance impact on different formats. In addition, a formula was constructed to count the computation and the number of iterations.
Effects of trifluralin, benomyl and metalaxyl on the incidence and severity of root disease in annual Medicago spp., and evaluation of cultivars for resistance to root rot.

The herbicide trifluralin increased both the incidence and severity of root rot in four Medicago truncatula cultivars and reduced their dry matter production. In glasshouse studies with a naturally infested soil from Kaniva, medic root disease was controlled by soil incorporation of metalaxyl but not by soil treatment with benomyl. The known biological activity of metalaxyl suggests that the fungi responsible for the root rot were Peronosporales. The same fungicides failed to control medic root diseases in a field trial at Dooen in 1984. Medic cultivars varied in their susceptibility to root rot, some having moderate resistance, although none were immune. The susceptibility rankings established in glasshouse tests with naturally infested soil were supported by field observations. The results show that there is potential for control of medic root diseases by selecting resistant medic cultivars.
Linking the Ex-Gaussian Parameters to Cognitive Stages: Insights from the Linear Ballistic Accumulator (LBA) Model

The ex-Gaussian distribution has been routinely used by researchers as a descriptive tool to characterize response time data in speeded two-choice tasks. It has also served as a psychological theory of the underlying cognitive processes. The latter practice requires that the exGaussian parameters should map in a one-to-one correspondence to distinct cognitive stages or process model parameters. The current investigation assessed the correspondence between the exGaussian parameters and the parameters of a well-established process model – the linear ballistic accumulator (LBA, Brown & Heathcote, 2008), using simulations and analyses of empirical data. The results showed the ex-Gaussian parameters bear lawful relations with the LBA’s parameters, but that these relations are not unique. These results are in accordance with two earlier studies by Matzke and Wagenmakers (2009) and Rieger and Miller (2019), who assessed the relations between the ex-Gaussian and the diffusion’s model parameters. The outcome of the current study suggests that researchers should exercise caution when deploying the ex-Gaussian parameters as a means of psychological theorizing.
An overview of climate change impacts on European viticulture

The importance of viticulture and of the winemaking socioeconomic sector in Europe is largely acknowledged. The most famous winemaking regions in Europe commonly present very specific environmental characteristics, where climate often plays a central role. Furthermore, given the strong influence of the atmospheric factors on this crop, climate change can significantly affect yield and wine quality under future conditions. Trends recorded in the recent past on many viticultural regions in Europe hint at an already pronounced increase in the growing-season mean temperatures. Furthermore, climate-change projections give evidence for significant changes in both the growing-season temperatures and precipitations in the next decades. Although grapevines have several survival strategies, the mounting evidence for significant climate change in the upcoming decades urges adaptation and mitigation measures to be taken by the whole winemaking sector. Short-term adaptation measures can be considered as a first protection strategy and should be focused at specific threats, mostly changes in crop-management practices (e.g., irrigation, sunscreens for leaf protection). At long term, however, a wide range of adaptation measures should be considered (e.g., varietal and land allocation changes). An overview of the current scientific knowledge, mostly concerning the European viticulture, the potential climate change impacts, and feasible adaptation measures is provided herein.
The effect of sterols and haemin on the growth of the rumen ciliate Ophryoscolex caudatus and some other Entodiniomorphid protozoa

Seven isolates of Ophryoscolex caudatus have been cultured anaerobically in vitro (at a population density of 56/ml) for an average of 18 months each in the presence of bacteria on a reduced buffered salts medium containing prepared fresh rumen fluid with the daily addition of ground wheat and dried grass and with twice weekly dilution of the culture with an equal volume of fresh medium. The ground wheat and dried grass could be replaced by ground wheat coated with β-sitosterol, stigmasterol, ergosterol or α-spinasterol and with β-sitosterol the population density increased to 110/ml. Haemin further increased the population density obtained in the presence of sterol by 9–160%. The population density of cultures of Epidinium ecaudatum caudatum was also increased by sterols and haemin, that of Polyplastron multivesiculatum by sterols only, and some sterols and haemin, under certain conditions, increased that of Entodinium caudatum.
The effect of previously infested spruce needles on the growth of the green spruce aphid, Elatobium abietinum, and the effect of the aphid on the amino acid balance of the host plant

SUMMARY The effect of chlorosis induced in needles of Sitka and Norway spruce by the green spruce aphid on growth of the aphid is investigated, and the effect of infestation of the aphid on amino acid levels in Sitka spruce foliage is reported. On both Sitka and Norway spruce green spruce aphids were heavier when reared on chlorotic (previously infested) needles than when reared on green (previously uninfested) needles. The effect was more pronounced on Sitka than on Norway spruce. Infestation of the aphid altered the amino acid balance of Sitka spruce foliage but not the concentration of total amino acids. Possible causes of chlorosis, the influence of individual amino acids on aphid growth, the potential effect of chlorosis on outbreaks of the aphid and the differences in susceptibility of Sitka and Norway spruce to damage by the aphid are discussed.
Influence of photoperiod on attractiveness and pheromone contents of the bean bug, Riptortus pedestris (Heteroptera: Alydidae)

The attractiveness of Riptortus pedestris males reared in short (10L14D) and long (16L8D) photoperiods to field adults was examined in field trap experiments in autumn. Simultaneously, the pheromone component occurrences and the condition of the internal organs of bait males were clarified by GC-MS analysis and dissection, respectively. In two field experiments, male baits reared in the short photoperiod did not attract any conspecific adults, while males reared in the long photoperiod did. Tetradecyl isobutyrate (14:iBu), which is an essential component of the R. pedestris pheromone, was not detected in any of the extracts of male baits reared in the short photoperiod, while the component was often detected in the extracts of male baits reared in the long photoperiod. In the extracts of 0- to 12-day-old males reared in the short photoperiod in a laboratory, 14:iBu was not detected at all. Males reared in the short photoperiod in the field and laboratory experiments had an immature erection fluid reservoir, indicating that the males entered a reproductive diapause. The present results indicate that photoperiod greatly influences the sexual maturation and pheromone emission of males in R. pedestris.
Sufficent Conditions for Genetic Polymorphism

Cloudsley-Thompson, J. L. 1955. (untitled discussion, p. 54 to 55). In J. B. Cragg and N. W. Pirie [eds.], The numbers of man and animals. Oliver and Boyd, London, viii + 152 p. Fisher, R. A. 1930. The genetical theory of natural selection. Oxford. xiv + 272 p. Lack, David. 1954. The evolution of reproductive rates. In J. S. Huxley, A. C. Hardy, E. B. Ford [eds.], Evolution as a process. Allen and Unwin, London. 367 p. 1955. (untitled discussion p. 55). In J. B. Cragg and N. W. Pirie [eds.], The numbers of man and animals. Oliver and Boyd, London. viii + 152 p. Williams, George C. 1966. Adaptation and natural selection: a critique of some current evolutionary thought. Princeton. xii + 307 p. Wynne-Edwards, V. C. 1962. Animal dispersion in relation to social behavior. Oliver and Boyd, London. xi + 653 p.
Macronutrient intake affects reproduction of a predatory insect

Prey quality has previously been shown to aff ect the growth and reproduction of predatory arthropods, however relatively little is known about the specifi c nutrients responsible for these eff ects. We tested if the macronutrient content (i.e. lipid and protein) of live prey aff ected mate attraction, reproductive behavior, egg production and nutrient reserves of adult female praying mantids, Pseudomantis albofi mbriata . Females on a high-protein diet produced more than twice as many eggs as females on a high-lipid diet despite being fed the same overall biomass of prey. Furthermore, the lipid and protein composition of eggs and the female body was directly related to the diet that females were fed (i.e. high lipid content on the high-lipid diet). Even more striking was the eff ect of diet treatment on the number of males attracted to females – only one male was attracted to females on the high-lipid treatment and 56 males were attracted to females on the high-protein treatment. Although it is not unexpected that females with more eggs would attract more males, the extreme nature of this diff erence is certainly surprising because previous studies have shown that females with only a couple of eggs can attract multiple males. Hence, our results suggest that female pheromone production may be aff ected by the quality/ nutritional composition of eggs rather than simply the number of eggs. We found no signifi cant diff erence in any of the other behaviours measured during mating trials, including the frequency of sexual cannibalism. Th e positive eff ects of prey protein content on mate attraction and egg production suggest that praying mantids might be expected to choose more protein-biased prey in nature or, if prey choice is limited, to have higher reproductive output or population growth in communities dominated by protein-rich prey.
Interform Variation of the Proliferation, Organogenesis and Effects of Growth Regulating Substances on Cymbidium Protocorms Cultured in vitro

New shoot apexes of Cymbidium were excised by aseptic surgery and cultured in vitro. The protocorms thus formed were cut into pieces and sub-cultured repeatedly under severely controlled conditions to get physiologically and morphologically uniform experimental materials. These materials were cultured in vitro, and then the characteristics of their reproduction and organogenesis, and the influence of growth regulating substances on them were studied. 1. The processes of the organogenesis out of protocorm-pieces were studied with 47 forma of Cymbidium which were classified into 8 types. 2. It was pointed out that, according to the type of organogenesis and also to the purpose of proliferation, specific media should be used for respective cases. 3. With the material of type 2, research was done with respect to the effects of growth regulating substances on the proliferation of protocorms and on the formation and growth of shoots and roots. In addition, effective substances to be added to culture media• and their proper concentrations were recommended. It was proved that the effects of growth regulating substances were different between liquid and solid media, even when the same amounts of medium were added.
Evidence for European brown hare syndrome virus introduction with translocated brown hares (Lepus europaeus): implications for management of restocking operations

Abstract Context. Criticisms of wildlife restocking operations typically focus on concerns that translocations can lead to the introduction of pathogens, and risk the integrity of locally adapted genetic diversity. Restocking programs aiming to stabilise population declines of European brown hares using captive-bred individuals have been carried out in several European countries, including Greece. Aims. To assess the potential for imported hares to introduce novel strains of European brown hare syndrome virus (EBHSV) during restocking operations, by (1) inferring the origin of wild Greek hares on the basis of their mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) haplotype, (2) screening the hares to detect and characterise EBHSV, and (3) determining whether certain hare origin–EBHSV combinations occur in the wild. Methods. RNA extraction, polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplification, and sequence and phylogenetic analyses of EBHSV were performed on 53 hares. Diagnostic RFLP markers of the mtDNA were used to infer the origins of sampled hares. Key results. Thirty-three hares had ‘typical’ native Greek haplotypes and 20 had mtDNA haplotypes matching those found in imported and released hares. Twelve of the latter and none of the former were positive for EBHSV. Phylogenetic analysis showed that nine virus isolates formed a single genetic lineage distinct from northern–central European ones. Three virus sequences from three imported reared-and-released hares, from Chalkidiki, were closely related to the northern–central European EBHS viruses. Conclusions. Alien strains of EBHSV are co-introduced with released captive-bred animals, possibly resulting in negative impacts on populations of Greek hares that have not evolved resistance to these novel virus strains. Implications. The identification of these allopatric EBHSV strains has led the authorities to ban captures and transportations of local brown hares for any restocking operation. We consider it imperative to reinforce microbiological and genetic controls before further releases of captive-bred game species in the wild in Greece.
Alteration of glyoxalases gene expression in response to testosterone in LNCaP and PC3 human prostate cancer cells

Glyoxalase system, a ubiquitous detoxification pathway protecting against cellular damage caused by potent cytotoxic metabolites, is involved in the regulation of cellular growth. Aberrations in the expression of glyoxalase genes in several human cancers have been reported. Recently, we described a possible regulatory effect by estrogens on glyoxalase genes in human breast cancer cell lines. This result, along with those ones regarding changes in glyoxalases activity and expression in other human hormone-regulated cancers, such as prostate cancer, has prompted us to investigate whether also androgens, whose functional role in prostate cancer pathogenesis is well known, could modulate glyoxalases gene expression. Therefore, we treated LNCaP androgen-responsive and PC3 androgen-independent human prostate cancer cell lines with testosterone at the concentrations of 1 nM and 100 nM. After a two days treatment, glyoxalases mRNA levels as well as cell proliferation were evaluated by real-time RT-PCR analysis and [3H]thymidine incorporation, respectively. Results pointed out that testosterone affects the expression of glyoxalase system genes and cell proliferation in a different manner in the two cell lines. The possibility that modulation of glyoxalase genes expression by testosterone is due to glyoxalases-mediated intracellular response mechanisms to the androgen-induced oxidative stress or to the presence of androgen response elements (ARE) in glyoxalase promoters are discussed. Knowledge regarding the regulation of glyoxalases by testosterone may provide insights into the importance of these enzymes in human prostate carcinomas in vivo.