Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Variance components affecting the repeatability of the alternating cover test

In within-subject and within-examiner repeated measures designs, measures of heterophoria with the manual prism cover test achieve standard deviations between 0.5 and 0.8 deg. We addressed the question how this total noise is composed of variable errors related to the examiner (measurement noise), to the size of the heterophoria (heterophoria noise), and to the availability of sensory vergence cues (stimulus noise). We developed an automated alternating cover test (based on a combination of VOG and shutter glasses) which minimizes stimulus noise and has a defined measurement noise (sd=0.06 deg). In a within-subject design, 19 measures were taken within 1.5 min and multiple such blocks were repeated either across days or across 45 min. Blocks were separated by periods of binocular viewing. The standard deviation of the heterophoria across blocks from different days or from the same day (sd=0.33 deg) was 6 times larger than expected based on the standard deviation within the block. The results show that about 42% of the inter-block variance with the manual prism cover test was related to variability of the heterophoria and not to measurement noise or stimulus noise. The heterophoria noise across blocks was predominantly induced during the intermediate binocular viewing periods.
Characterization of the structure of binary and ternary adsorbed protein films using electron spectroscopy for chemical analysis, time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry, and radiolabeling

In complex adsorbed protein films, the biological reactivity of the adsorbed proteins depends on their relative concentrations, organization, conformation, and orientation. Time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry (ToF-SIMS) samples the outermost composition of an adsorbed protein film, providing biologically relevant information about the organization and availability of the adsorbed proteins in the film. We have previously shown that ToF-SIMS can quantitatively measure the composition of binary adsorbed protein films. However, for one particular binary system studied (immunoglobulin G−fibrinogen), a difference between the ToF-SIMS and 125I-radiolabeled protein adsorption measurements was reported. It was hypothesized that the composition of the protein film at its outermost (and, therefore, most biologically relevant) surface was different than that of the overall protein film due to the protrusion of the adsorbed fibrinogen over the adsorbed immunoglobulin G. This study provides further evidence .
Rendering Method of 2-Dimensional Vibration Presentation for Improving Fidelity of Haptic Texture

—In recent years, touchscreens have been used all over the world, however, most of them are without realistic haptic feedback. Some of them have feedback, but most of them have vibration direction limited to one direction. Here we propose a novel rendering method for direction-controlled 2-dimensional vibration display to present texture information. In this paper, we proposed a dimension-controlled rendering method of texture information that enables vibration control in the X and Y-axis precisely by using lateral force. Further, to improve the ﬁdelity for large-scaled texture, we proposed to combine image features information of the textures. We held an experiment to evaluate the ﬁdelity of the proposed method. The result shows that the proposed method can present randomized textures and large periodic textures more precisely than the conventional method.
Expression of MACC1-1 and c-Met in human prostatic cancer and their clinicopathological significance

Objective: Metastasis-associated in colon cancer-1 (MACC-1) and c-Met are associated with tumorigenesis and progression. The aim of this study is to investigate the expression of MACC-1 and c-Met in human prostatic cancer (PCa) and explore their clinical and pathological significance. Methods: The expression of MACC-1 and c-Met protein were detected in 84 cases of human PCa and 20 cases of benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) tissues by the immunohistochemical method. Results: The positive expression level of MACC-1 was 56.0% in human PCa which was higher than that in BPH tissues (20.0%), P=0.004. The overexpression of MACC1 protein was correlated with tumor Gleason score, PSA and TNM stage (P=0.001, P=0.027 and P<0.001, respectively). The positive expression of c-Met was 64.3% in PCa, which was higher than that in BPH tissues (30%). P=0.005. The overexpression of c-Met protein was correlated with tumor Gleason score, PSA and TNM stage (P=0.020, P=0.037 and P<0.001, respectively). The log-rank test statistical analysis suggested that patients with overexpression MACC-1 or c-Met protein had shorter overall survival time, while patients with lower expression MACC-1 or c-Met protein had better survival. Conclusion: Overexpression of MACC-1 and c-Met are markedly correlated with tumor Gleason score, PSA and TNM stage. Detection of MACC-1 and c-Met may be helpful to evaluate prognosis and infiltrative capability of PCa. In PCa tissues, the expression of MACC-1 was positively correlated with the expression of c-Met protein (r=0.540, P<0.001).
Submicron-scale liquid crystal photo-alignment

In this article, we disclose a method to achieve submicron-scale resolution for liquid crystals by photo-alignment of the sulfonic azo dye (SD1) layer. The interference pattern produced by Lloyd’s mirror has been used to produce two alignment domains. The easy axes in these alignment domains are mutually perpendicular to each other, in the plane of the substrate. The two-step alignment process, i.e. the first uniform alignment and the second alignment by interference pattern, provides resolution up to 105 nm for the liquid crystal alignment domain size that typically corresponds to the existing experimental limits. Optical methods such as optical microscopy and diffraction in the transmissive and reflective regimes have been used to analyze the fabricated gratings.
The result of collective work out programme on body fat proportion and cardio vascular endurance in obese software package professionals

Obesity comprises a foremost nutritional health issue in advanced and emerging countries, which has reached epidemic proportions. Obesity is defined as the state of excessive fat build-up to such an extent that distresses the individual’s health. The purpose of the assessment was to programme on body fat proportion and cardio vascular endurance in obese software package professionals and find solutions to reduce the particular situation. This study was conducted in Kerala. For the purpose of the study 30 obese subjects (men) whose BMI > 30 and who have had no regular participation in physical exercise training for six months before the study were selected. Intervening combining aerobic dance and resistance exercise training for 12 weeks resulted significant improvement on body weight, body fat percentage, systolic and diastolic blood pressure, fasting blood glucose and total cholesterol, aerobic performance and muscular strength capacity in obese individuals. The results of the study were illustrating that obesity is a public health issue which is rapidly increasing and thus needs to be addressed seriously.
QSTR with Extended Topochemical Atom Indices. 3. Toxicity of Nitrobenzenes to Tetrahymena pyriformis

The experimental determination of toxicological properties of commercial chemicals being costly and time consuming process, there is a need to develop mathematical predictive tool to theoretically quantify such properties. In this background, we have modeled toxicity of nitrobenzene derivatives to Tetrahymena pyriformis using extended topochemical atom (ETA) indices recently introduced by us (Roy and Ghosh, 2003). We have also modeled the toxicity data using other topological descriptors (Balaban J, kappa shape indices, connectivity indices, Wiener index) and two physicochemical variables (AlogP98, MolRef) and compared the ETA models with non-ETA ones. Principal component factor analysis was used as the data-preprocessing step to reduce the dimensionality of the data matrix and identify the important variables that are devoid of collinearities. Multiple linear regression analyses show that the best non-ETA model involves 2 κ and AlogP98 as predictor variables and the quality of the relation is as follows: n = 42, Q 2 = 0.70, R 2 a = 0.75, R 2 = 0.76, R = 0.87, F=61.0 (df 2, 39), s = 0.36. On the other hand, the best ETA model has the following quality: n = 42, Q 2 = 0.88, Ra = 0.91, R 2 = 0.92, R = 0.96, F = 101.4 (df 4, 37), s = 0.22. The ETA relations showed positive contributions of molecular bulk (size), halogen and additional nitro substitutions in the nitrobenzene ring and negative contributions of the substituents like methyl and hydroxymethyl groups to the toxicity. An attempt to use non-ETA descriptors along with the ETA ones slightly improves the quality in comparison to the best ETA model. Interestingly, the ETA model developed by us for the nitrobenzene toxicity is comparable to the previously reported models on the same data set (Estrada et al., 2001; Cronin et al., 1998). Thus, it appears that the ETA descriptors have significant potential in QSAR/QSPR/ QSTR studies, which warrants extensive evaluation.
Change of Polyethylene Pipe Wall Thickness after Squeezing Using Squeeze off-Tool

When great damages occur on gas-pipes, a quick intervention is often needed, as close to the place of damage as it can be. That is the reason why recently it has more and more been used a procedure of squeezing the pipe using a squeeze-off tool and thus stopping the flow. After the damage has been removed, the deformed pipe returns to the original shape by using re-rounding clam and the flow is established again. After the above-described process, the pipe is permanently deformed, as far as shape and thickness are concerned. The size of the deformation is important for the assessment of further use of the existing pipes or for determining the parameters for the newly-projected pipes. So far, the researches have been dealing with the hydrostatic and stress states after the squeezing of the pipe. The subject of this research is the decrease of the pipe thickness after the squeezing, and the goal is to help the designers of distributive plastic gas-pipes to determine the pipe wall thickness, as well as to help the managers of distributive networks so that they would know what happens to the existing gas-pipes after the intervention on the pipe.
Speciation studies of tetraalkylleads and inorganic PbII in polluted roadside vegetation and soil samples

The Gas chromatography‐atomic absorption spectrophotometric method has been used for the determination of tetraalkylleads in polluted roadside vegetation and soil samples. The method, which required very little sample preparation, gave precisions of 8.3% (TML) and 22% (TEL), which are adjudged acceptable. The detection limits (16.3–43.6 pg, Pb) for the alkylleads are sufficiently low for pollution monitoring applications. Results are presented for monitoring programmes in polluted soil and vegetation samples from Forder Valley road of Plymouth, England. Concentration of tetraalkylleads in vegetation varied from 0 to 3.52 ng/g for TML, and from 0 to 3.85 ng/g for TEL. The concentration in soil varied from 0.05 ng/g to 1.16 ng/g for TML and from 0 to 0.6 ng/g for TEL. The concentration of inorganic lead (PbII) varied from 15.2 μg/g to 209.2 μg/g in vegetation and from 89.6 μg/g to 1,506 μg/g in soil samples. The results of the isotope study by ICP‐MS indicated that the primary source of lead in vegetation i.
Biodegradation Kinetic Studies on Phenol in Internal Draft Tube (Inverse Fluidized Bed) Biofilm Reactor Using Pseudomonas fluorescens: Performance Evaluation of Biofilm and Biomass Characteristics

ABSTRACT The bioremediation potential of Pseudomonas fluorescens was studied in an internal draft tube (inverse fluidized bed) biofilm reactor (IDTBR) under batch recirculation conditions using synthetic phenol of various concentrations (400, 600, 800, 1000, and 1200 mg/L). The performance of IDTBR was investigated and the characteristics of biomass and biofilm were determined by evaluating biofilm dry density and thickness, bioparticle density, suspended and attached biomass concentration, chemical oxygen demand, and phenol removal efficiency. Biodegradation kinetics had been studied for the suspended biomass culture and biofilm systems. Suspended biomass followed substrate inhibition kinetics, and the experimental data fitted well with the Haldane model. The correlation coefficient, R 2, and root-mean-square error (RMSE) obtained for the Haldane model with respect to specific growth rate were . 9389 and . 00729, respectively, and with respect to specific phenol consumption rate were . 9259 and . 00972, respectively. It was also observed experimentally that biofilm overcame substrate inhibition effect and fitted the same to the Monod model (R 2 = .9831, RMSE = .00884 for specific growth rate and R 2 = .9686, RMSE = .00912 for specific phenol consumption rate).
Light Emission Verbs in English: An Investigation of Sound-Symbolic and Semantic Properties

This study explicates notable linguistic characteristics of English light emission verbs in terms of the relationship between their meanings and sound-symbolic properties by extending the analysis developed in Kumagai (2015, 2017, 2018). To achieve this purpose, this study considers the relevant verbs from Levin (1993: 233–238), who identified several verbs that “involve the emission of a stimulus or substance that is particular to some entity” (p. 233), including verbs of light emission, sound emission, smell emission, and substance emission. The light emission verbs are presented in (1), in the order presented by Levin, to which this study pays special attention:
Framework of Entrepreneurship Theories in Restructuring Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) In Nigeria

This paper examined the entrepreneurship theories in restructuring small and medium enterprise (SMEs) in Nigeria as predictor catalyst of development. With the ever increasing awareness in the study of entrepreneurship there is a need for framework that defines the domain of the field, its building block and Interest. The complexity and dynamism inherent in entrepreneurship acting in the face of uncertainty can help to create opportunity in SMEs, promote efficiency and provide better services. The methodology of study was conducted using metaanalysis that relied on secondary data by way of existing literature for the study. The major finding reveals that, there is clearly a need for improving theory building and applying established theories through good implementation for greater attention. It was concluded that, although SMEs have played significant roles in the development and industrialization of many economies across the world, however in Nigeria SMEs performance is low as a result of factors like government instability and policy inconsistencies, poor attitude and habit of entrepreneurs and unfavorable environmental factors.
Relationship of Leaf Macronutrient Concentrations in New Tomato Varieties to Fruit Yield

Abstract This study was performed to evaluate the response of different newly established tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) cultivars (Búfalo [control, a widely cultivated variety], Corindon, Dombelo, GC‐773, GC‐775, Nancy, Noa, Sarky, Yunque, Volcani, 617/83, and 2084/81), all cultivated under identical greenhouse conditions, in relation to the efficiency in macronutrient utilization to ascertain whether the genotype and the plant developmental stages affect the concentrations of nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), potassium (K), sodium (Na), calcium (Ca), magnesium (Mg), and sulfur (S) in leaves. The cultivar with greater foliar‐biomass production (Volcani) or greater concentration of nutrients as organic N (Noa, Yunque, 617/83) showed less marketable and more non‐commercial fruit production. The phenological phases of developing and ripening fruits significantly increased the concentration of P and reduced the concentration of all N forms and total K, as well as Na, Ca, Mg, and S forms in the leaves.
Studies on the PEG-Assisted Hydrothermal Synthesis and Growth Mechanism of ZnO Microrod and Mesoporous Microsphere Arrays on the Substrate

With the introduction of poly ethylene glycol (PEG) (10000), relatively well dispersed and oriented ZnO microrod arrays and ZnO microsphere arrays were successfully synthesized on unmodified indium tin oxide (ITO) substrate by a hydrothermal method. The growth behaviors of the two different kinds of ZnO arrays were experimentally investigated with variations of PEG addition and the precursor solution’s concentration. The PEG-assisted growth mechanism of ZnO microrod arrays and ZnO microsphere arrays has also been carefully discussed. Both the dissolved state of PEG and the interaction between PEG and ZnO crystalline grains were found to play important roles in the fabrication of the two different ZnO structure arrays. The research on PEG-assisted growth mechanism for these two kinds of ZnO structure arrays will provide more theoretical references for preparations of ZnO one-dimensional rod arrays and other kinds of assembled structures on the substrate.
Closing the Sim2Real Gap using Invertible Simulators

Employing robots in the real world to perform a large variety of tasks remains a great challenge to current perception, planning and control algorithms. Various specialized representations, such as for mapping or localization, have been proposed which are typically used in fixed pipelines that fuse perception, planning and control. These approaches are typically highly interpretable in a way that humans can reason about the prediction uncertainty of the system, or what additional measurements are necessary to improve the predictions. On the other hand, such static frameworks do not allow the robot to learn from experience or adapt to changing task requirements. Learning-based approaches have found great success in domains where large amounts of labelled data is available. Many problems in robotics, however, do not belong to such regime where training data is easily obtainable. Instead, it is often only possible to provide few kinesthetic demonstrations, or rely entirely on self-supervised or reinforcement learning. While the longstanding motivation behind such learning approaches is to enable robots to improve by learning from their own experience, the current instantiations of state-of-the-art reinforcement learning (RL) algorithms, even model-based, require extensive amounts of interaction samples, such that, in most cases, simulators are necessary to provide a riskfree environment that runs orders of magnitude faster than real time. With regards to accountable AI, many of these approaches are not human-interpretable – they may achieve high performance on certain tasks but it remains an open research question how the training setup must be designed to guarantee performance throughout all metrics over the tasks of interest. Whether control policies are learned through reinforcement learning, or feedback control laws are optimized – in most approaches simulators are used to validate the algorithms before deploying them on the real system. An inherent problem to such techniques is the disparity between the simulated and the real world, i.e., the sim2real gap. Various methods have been proposed to overcome this issue, such as domain randomization and domain adaption. In this work, we approach the problem of visuomotor control from a different angle. Instead of learning a separate model or policy in a simulator, we use the simulator as the model that we can use to derive controllers and estimate the state of our system of interest. Simulators, such as physics engines, already encode our understanding of the world through the laws of physics and generalize well to a wide variety of application scenarios. Most quantities, such as the geometry of the objects, are human-interpretable and can be even verified through a variety of specialized tools. We propose to design the simulator from the ground up to be invertible, i.e., such that we can estimate the simulation settings from the observations of the real system.
Hydrogen-Bond Interactions between Ester and Urethane Linkages in Small Model Compounds and Polyurethanes

Four model compounds (Us, Uu, UEex, and UEin) and two polyurethanes (PU1 and PU2) were prepared to monitor the hydrogen-bond (H-bond) interactions of urethane−urethane and urethane−ester (including external and internal esters). The results from differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and X-ray diffraction suggested that the infrared absorption patterns in the −NH and −CO regions are closely related to the thermal history of the test specimen. Except for the incapability of the internal ester −CO to form an H-bond with urethane −NH, five −CO absorption bands can be assigned and attributed to free internal ester, free urethane, free external ester, bonded external ester, and disordered and ordered bonded urethane absorptions. The frequencies of the respective −CO band maxima obtained from the model compounds were given. In cases of polyurethanes, the −CO absorption of the amorphous PU1 was assigned on the basis of the deconvoluted result of a heat-treated UEex, while the liquid crystalline PU2 has its −CO .
Fuzzy Temporal Data Mining Algorithms

 Abstract — Sometimes data mining has to deal with time constraints like “Train will come late”. The time constraints may be incomplete. Fuzzy logic will deal with incomplete information. The fuzzy temporal logic will deal with incomplete time constraints. In this paper, Fuzzy temporal mining algorithms are discussed for data mining methods. The fuzzy temporal data mining algorithms will reduce the computations and time. Fuzzy temporal reasoning is discussed as classification. Some examples are given as an application.
The Effects of 12 Weeks of Systematic and Functional Corrective Exercises on Body Posture of Students Suffering From Pronation Distortion Syndrome

* Corresponding Author: Nader Rahnama, PhD. Address: Department of Sport Pathology and Corrective Exercises, Faculty of Sports Sciences, University of Isfahan, Isfahan, Iran. Tel: +98 (918) 3589577 E-mail: rahnamanader@yahoo.com Objectives: Pronation distortion syndrome is one of the common physical deformities, that causes distortions in the skeletal structures of the feet. The current study aimed to determine the effects of 12 weeks of systematic and functional corrective exercises on the body posture of students with pronation distortion syndrome.
Measuring impact: Student and instructor experience using an online queue

This paper presents an evaluation of an online queueing system (“the Queue”) that has been used extensively at the University of Illinois at Urbana Champaign (UIUC) for several years. This work describes the benefits of the Queue to the users (students, instructors, and advisors) and the results of surveys given to students, educators, and advisors who used the Queue in diverse educational settings. Prior work identified that using technology, such as a mobile-friendly, web-based queue, has benefits to improving student/educator interactions. A survey was developed to collect student, instructor, and advisor feedback to understand best practices, challenges, and perceptions from using the Queue for office hours, active learning, and advising. The survey feedback suggested equity of staff attention and not overlooking student engagements, especially in large courses, as the biggest benefit of adopting the Queue.