Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Description of Basic Knowledge Mathematics Students of Class X High Schools in Konawe District

This research is a type of exploratory research that aims to describe the Basic Mathematical Knowledge (PDM) of class X students of SMA Negeri in Konawe Regency. The population in this study were all grade X students of SMA Negeri in Konawe District, where the determination of the study sample was carried out by combining simple random sampling techniques (cluster random sampling) and proportion of strata (Proportional Stratified Random Sampling). The approach used is a quantitative approach, while the data analysis used is descriptive. Descriptive analysis is intended to describe the characteristics of research variables by using the highest score, lowest score, average, standard deviation, variance, and percentage of student achievement in each indicator. The average PDM test of students is still in the low category, with an average of 39.13. As many as 76.7% or 345 students from 450 samples scored below 50 with a standard deviation of 15.31. From 40 indicators of PDM questions tested, students were only able to answer four indicators well (presentation of correct answers above 70%).
Research on Correlation between Oral Performance and Sources and Disciplines of University Students

This research adopts questionnaire and quantitative analysis to explore the relationship between oral performance and sources of university students and the relationship between oral performance and disciplines of university students by using SPSS software package to analyze the students’ oral performances and data collected from questionnaire and to do independent sample T-test. The research results indicate that there is no significant difference between oral performance and sources but there is very significant difference between oral performance and disciplines. This research analyzes the reasons and offers implications to improve students’ oral level and oral teaching quality.
Is coding in theatres a viable option? A review of the current theatre coding process at Royal Prince Alfred Hospital

A study was undertaken to review the process of procedure coding in the four major operating theatres at Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Sydney. Recommendations were made regarding the viability of theatre coding, using the International Classification of Diseases, 9th Revision, Clinical Modification (ICD9CM), and the steps which must be undertaken to ensure theatre coding is accurate. A retrospective coding audit was conducted to ascertain the quality of coding of procedures by theatre staff, usually nurses, compared to clinical coders from the Medical Record Department. The results showed that the overall error rate for theatre coding staff was 86% compared with the Medical Record Department's clinical coders error rate of 18%. The reasons for the high theatre coding error rate were: lack of formal training in ICD9CM coding; out of date code books; lack of networking with other coders and the National Centre for Classification of Health; coding from the Operating Room - Registered Nurses Report (MR370) rather than the operation sheet and lack of theatre coding audits. It was concluded that theatre coding could replace Medical Record Department procedure coding if the issues highlighted in this study were addressed. It should be noted however that there are a number of 'procedures' which need to be coded and are not performed in the operating theatre. A mechanism for coding these procedures (for example epidural, ventilation, allied health interventions) needs to be addressed. (author abstract)
The Effect of the Use of Social Networks On the Performance of Immigrant Entrepreneurs Operating SMEes in the Eastern Cape Province, South Africa

The objective of this study was to investigate the extent to which the use of social networks affect the performance of immigrant owned SMMEs operating SMMEs in the Eastern Cape Province of South Africa. The study followed a quantitative research approach. The population for this study consists of immigrant entrepreneurs operating SMMEs in the Eastern Cape Province of South Africa. A sample of 400 respondents (owner/managers of immigrant owned SMMEs) was selected using non-probability sampling method, specifically snowball and purposive sampling techniques. To collect data, the researcher used the survey method by way of self-administered questionnaires. Data was analysed using correlation and regression analysis. It was found that the use of social networks have an effect on the performance of immigrantowned SMMEs.
Fractionation of Cellulose-Rich Products from an Empty Fruit Bunch (EFB) by Means of Steam Explosion Followed by Organosolv Treatment

In this study an empty fruit bunch (EFB) was subjected to a two-step pretreatment to defragment cellulose-rich fractions as well as lignin polymers from its cell walls. First pretreatment: acid-catalyzed steam explosion (ACSE) pretreatment of EFB was conducted under the temperature range of 180–220 °C and residence time of 5–20 min. The ACSE-treated EFB was further placed into the reactor containing 50% aq. ethanol and NaOH as a catalyst and heated at a temperature of 160 °C for 120 min for the second pretreatment: alkali-catalyzed organosolv treatment (ACO). The mass balance and properties of treated EFB were affected by the residence time. The lowest yield of a solid fraction was obtained when the residence time was kept at 15 min. Xylose drastically decreased, especially under the ACSE pretreatment. However, the crystallinity of cellulose increased by increasing the severity factor of the pretreatment and was 47.8% and 57% udner the most severe conditions. The organosolv lignin fractions also showed the presence of 14 major peaks via their pyrolysis-GC analysis. From here, it can be suggested that this kind of pretreatment can indeed be one potential option for lignocellulosic pretreatment.
Should the Urgency of Visual-Tactile Takeover Requests Match the Criticality of Takeover Situations?

Highly-automated driving requires drivers to take over the control of their vehicle in any situation. In takeover situations with small time headways, a fast takeover is crucial. Here, drivers could be supported by an appropriate takeover request. This article presents a driving simulator study investigating whether less critical takeover situations and a match between the urgency of a takeover request and the criticality of the takeover situation benefits drivers regarding their takeover performance and subjective experience. Fifty-two participants experienced two takeover situations with varying time headways (small and large). A low urgent, visual-tactile takeover-request was presented to half of the participants. The other half experienced a highly urgent, visual-tactile takeover request, resulting in two conditions, in which the takeover requests matched the criticality of the takeover situation, and in two conditions, in which the takeover requests did not match. The results showed that participants generally performed better in low critical takeover situations, but they took over quicker in highly critical situations. However, a match neither shortens takeover time nor enhances subjective experience.
The Potentials of Rhodes Grass (Chloris Gayana Kunth) as Drought Resistant Perennial Forage Grass in Nigeria

Rhodes grass, abyssinian Rhodes grass, Callide Rhodes grass, common Rhodes grass [English]; chloris, herbe de Rhodes [French]; capim de Rhodes [Portuguese]; grama de Rodas, pasto de Rodas, pasto Rhodes, zacate gordura [Spanish]; rhodesgras [Afrikaans]; koro-korosan [Philippines/Tagalog]. Rhodes grass is a perennial or annual tropical grass. It is a leafy grass, 1-2 m in height, highly variable in habit. The culms are tufted or creeping, erect or decumbent, sometimes rooting from the nodes. The roots are very deep, down to 4.5 m. The leaves are linear, with flat or folded glabrous blades, 12-50 cm long x 10-20 mm wide, tapering at the apex. The seed head has an open hand shape and encompasses 2-10 one-sided or double-sided racemes, 4-15 cm long. The inflorescences are light greenish brown (rarely yellow) in colour and turn darker brown as they mature [1]. The spikelets (over 32) are densely imbricated and have two awns. The fruit is a caryopsis, longitudinally grooved [1-5].
Adsorption and recovery of hexavalent chromium from tannery wastewater over magnetic max phase composite

ABSTRACT Magnetic max phase composite (MNPs- Ti3AlC2) was synthesized in the laboratory and used for the adsorption and recovery of hexavalent chromium from Tannery wastewater. Maximum adsorption of Cr (IV), about 99% was found to occur at pH 3, 100 mg adsorbent dose for 30 mL sample and 5 min vortex time in presence of various competing ions. About 98 ± 1 % of Cr (IV) was easily recovered from the adsorbent surface by alkaline leaching. The adsorption process was found to bespontaneous, endothermic, and followed pseudo second order kinetics. Longmuir and Freundlich isotherms models were also applied to the adsorption data.
Why Do the Poor Vote for Low Tax Rates? A (Real-Effort Task) Experiment on Income Redistribution.

The main purpose of this paper is to shed some light on the voting behavior of low-income voters over income redistribution. To this end, we test a model based on Meltzer and Richard’s (1981) framework through a lab experiment in which individuals vote over two exogenous tax rates and their pre-tax income is determined according to their performance in a real-effort task. We classify individuals into highskilled and low-skilled participants according to their performance in a tournament at the beginning of the experiment. We find that a large proportion of low-skilled workers vote for the lowest tax rate (the one that gives them the lowest payoff), especially when the alternative tax rate is very high. However, this proportion is significantly reduced in treatments in which the subjects are given extra information about how the tax operates in redistributing income. This result suggests that the lack of information about the role of taxes in income redistribution may be an important factor in explaining the counter-intuitive voting behavior of low-income voters over income redistribution. We also find that both the prospect of upward mobility and the belief in the negative effect of taxes on productivity make low-income voters support low tax rates, especially when the alternative tax rate is very high.
Evidence‐based therapy for atypical myopathy in horses

Summary The aim of this review is to establish the best therapy for equine atypical myopathy with a view to improving the survival rate. To this end, the currently used symptomatic therapy and literature on other metabolic diseases in horses or other animals have been analysed. The best treatment strategy consists of several elements. Advice with evidence: management with restricted movement, keeping warm, rehydration, glucose and insulin supplementation and administration of carnitine, vitamin E, selenium and riboflavin is advised. Acepromazine can be used as a muscle relaxant when indicated. Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs should be used for pain relief. Regular emptying of the bladder might provide relief from some discomfort. Advice without evidence: laxatives or activated charcoal could be helpful. Contraindicated: Alpha 2 agonists as muscle relaxants because these drugs inhibit insulin release. Without further research glycine is also discouraged.
CD300lf is the primary physiologic receptor of murine norovirus but not human norovirus

Murine norovirus (MNoV) is an important model of human norovirus (HNoV) and mucosal virus infection more broadly. Viral receptor utilization is a major determinant of cell tropism, host range, and pathogenesis. The bona fide receptor for HNoV is unknown. Recently, we identified CD300lf as a proteinaceous receptor for MNoV. Interestingly, its paralogue CD300ld was also sufficient for MNoV infection in vitro. Here we explored whether CD300lf is the sole physiologic receptor in vivo and whether HNoV can use a CD300 ortholog as an entry receptor. We report that both CD300ld and CD300lf are sufficient for infection by diverse MNoV strains in vitro. We further demonstrate that CD300lf is essential for both oral and parenteral MNoV infection and to elicit anti-MNoV humoral responses in vivo. In mice deficient in STAT1 signaling, CD300lf is required for MNoV-induced lethality. However, after high dose intraperitoneal challenge with MNoV in Cd300lf−/−Stat1−/− mice a single amino acid mutation in the MNoV capsid protein emerged. This substitution did not alter receptor utilization in vitro. Finally, we demonstrate that human CD300lf (huCD300lf) is not essential for HNoV infection, nor does huCD300lf inhibit binding of HNoV virus-like particles to glycans. Thus, we report huCD300lf is not a receptor for HNoV. Author Summary Human norovirus is the leading cause of non-bacterial gastroenteritis causing up to 200,000 deaths each year. How human norovirus enters cells is unknown. Because human norovirus is difficult to grow in the laboratory and in small animals, we use mouse or murine norovirus as a model system. We recently discovered that murine norovirus can use the either CD300ld or CD300lf as a receptor in vitro. We also showed that CD300lf deficient mice were resistant to oral challenge with a single virus strain. Here we determined that CD300lf is essential for infection of diverse murine norovirus strains in cell lines and in mice with normal immune systems demonstrating it’s the primary physiologic receptor for diverse murine norovirus strains independent of infection route. However, in immunodeficient mice injected with high dose virus directly into the abdominal cavity, we observed a norovirus mutant that enabled CD300lf-independent infection. Finally, we demonstrated that human CD300lf is not the elusive receptor for human norovirus.
Factors associated with participant adherence in the NSABP Study of Tamoxifen and Raloxifene (STAR)

6518 Background: Results of the STAR trial, which enrolled 19,747 participants between 1999–2004, showed that raloxifene was as effective as tamoxifen in preventing breast cancer in women at increased risk for developing the disease. We have now analyzed STAR data on adherence (taking 2 pills per day) and persistence (willingness to remain on the protocol regimen). Methods: Prior to trial initiation, sites were required to submit plans to maintain adequate adherence, and compliance-related factors were evaluated during the trial via site performance evaluations. Participant pre-entry characteristics, pill counts, and symptoms were collected prospectively. Participants were categorized as persistent or non-persistent based on whether they remained on therapy or withdrew. Odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals were calculated for factors that had the potential to affect participant adherence. Results: With 47 months of follow-up data, participants who were persistent took 92% of their required pills, and .
The practical application of subwavelength focusing elements in the EHF imaging system

This paper presents the results of modeling the processes of interaction of an electromagnetic wave of the EHF range with focusing elements made of materials with a refractive index n in the range from 1.2 to 2. Based on the obtained simulation results using additive technologies, an equilateral parallelepiped of acrylonitrile butadiene styrene with a refractive index was created n = 1.62. After which it was added to the EHF imaging system, and its focusing properties were analyzed. As a result of the experiments, pictures were obtained of the dependence of the intensity of electromagnetic radiation on the surface of test samples on the presence of a given focusing element in the system.
Non-occlusive Multi-Vessel Intracoronary Infusion of Allogeneic Cardiosphere-Derived Cells Prevents Remote Zone Myocyte Loss in Swine with Myocardial Infarction.

Intracoronary cardiosphere-derived cells (CDCs) infused into the infarct-related artery reduces scar volume but does not improve ejection fraction (LVEF). We hypothesized that this reflects the inability of regional delivery to prevent remote zone myocyte remodeling. Swine (n=23) pretreated with oral cyclosporine (200mg/day) underwent a 1-hour LAD occlusion which reduced LVEF from 61.6±1.0 to 45.3±1.5% thirty-minutes after reperfusion. At that time animals received global infusion of allogeneic CDCs (n=8), regional infusion of CDCs restricted to the LAD using the stop-flow technique (n=8), or vehicle (n=7). After 1-month, global CDCs increased LVEF from 44.8±1.9 to 60.8±3.8% (p<0.05) with no significant change after LAD stop-flow CDCs (44.8±3.6 to 50.9±3.1%) or vehicle (46.5±2.5 to 47.7±2.6%). In contrast, global CDCs did not alter infarct volume (%LV mass) assessed at 2-days (11.2±2.3 vs. 12.6±2.3%) whereas it decreased after LAD stop-flow CDCs (7.1±1.1%, p<0.05). Histopathological analysis of remote myocardium after global CDCs demonstrated a significant reduction in myocyte apoptosis (15±9 vs. 46±10 TUNEL+nuclei/106 myocytes, p<0.05) an increase in myocyte proliferation (147±32 vs. 14±10 Ki67+nuclei/106 myocytes, p<0.05) that increased myocyte nuclear density (1264±39 vs. 1157±33 nuclei/mm2, p<0.05) and decreased myocyte diameter (13.2±0.2 vs. 14.5±0.3μm, p<0.05) compared with vehicle-treated controls. In contrast, remote zone changes after regional LAD CDCs were no different from vehicle. These data indicate that changes in global LVEF after icCDCs are dependent upon preventing myocyte loss and hypertrophy in myocardium remote from the infarct. These arise from stimulating myocyte proliferation and reducing myocyte apoptosis indicating the importance of directing cell therapy to viable remote regions.
Blodplatehemmende behandling med GP IIb/IIIa reseptor antagonister

In this review the roles of platelets and the Gp IIb/IIIa receptor in arterial thromboembolism are described in detail, and it is explained why blocking this receptor could be a rational strategy in certain conditions. The pharmacology and clinical efficacy of GP IIb/IIIa recepor antagonists are discussed. Thrombus formation can be summarised in six steps: vascular injury or rupture of an atherosclerotic plaque, initial adhesion to the vessel wall, activation of platelets, stabile adhesion, aggregation and fibrin formaton. The activation of the GP IIb/IIIa receptor on the platelet surface is the final common pathway in platelet activation, and is essential to thrombus formation. The receptor requires both vWF and fibrinogen as ligands for thrombus formation in arteries. Three GP IIb/IIIa receptor antagonists are lisenced to clinical use; abciximab, eptifibatide and tirofiban. Abciximab is a fab fragment of an antibody, eptifibatide is a cyclic heptapeptide based on snake venom, and tirofiban is a non-peptide tyrosin derivate. The latter two bind to the ligand binding pocket on GP IIb/IIa, the binding site of abciximab is unknown. In PCI, GP IIb/IIIa recptor antagonists are shown to reduce the risk of death and myocardial infarction after 30 days and six months, with a moderatly increased risk of major bleeding. In acute coronary syndromes, these agents are less efficacious and further research should be preformed to see who might benefit most from the agents. Trilas with oral GP IIb/IIIa recptor antagonists have been diappointing, as they have been assosiated with increased mortality.
Phase I dose-escalation, open-label study of HSP990 administered orally in adult patients with advanced solid malignancies.

2561^ Background: NVP-HSP990 is a synthetic small molecule that potently and selectively inhibits heat-shock protein 90. HSP990 leads to degradation of client proteins, offering potential simultaneous blockade of multiple oncogenic signaling pathways. The primary objective of this Phase l first-in-man study (NCT00879905) was to determine the single-agent MTD of HSP990 administered once (qw) or twice (biw) weekly to patients (pts) with advanced solid malignancies (preselected CYP2C9 genotypes only). Secondary objectives included safety, efficacy, PK, and biomarkers. Methods: HSP990 was administered orally qw or biw in 28-day cycles. Dose escalation was guided by a Bayesian logistic regression model. The MTD was determined by assessing DLTs in Cycle 1. Eligible pts included those with histologically confirmed advanced solid tumors that had progressed on standard therapy or for whom no standard therapy exists. Results: 64 pts (median age 57 yr: 44% male; 37.5% Stage IV; WHO PS 0/1) received HSP990. 53 pts re.
Clustering of Time-Series Data

The process of separating groups according to similarities of data is called “clustering. ” There are two basic principles: (i) the similarity is the highest within a cluster and (ii) similarity between the clusters is the least. Time-series data are unlabeled data obtained from different periods of a process or from more than one process. These data can be gathered from many different areas that include engineering, science, business, finance, health care, government, and so on. Given the unlabeled time-series data, it usually results in the grouping of the series with similar characteristics. Time-series clustering methods are examined in three main sections: data representation, similarity measure, and clustering algorithm. The scope of this chapter includes the taxonomy of time-series data clustering and the clustering of gene expression data as a case study.
How to Explain Behavior: Author Precis

This is an author precis of the book How to Explain Behavior: A Critical Review and a New Approach by Sam S. Rakover (2018, Lexington). The precis has two sections. The first, basic methodological origin-points, treats the fundamental ideas and premises concerning explanation and understanding. The second section outlines the book's arrangement, and summarizes the content of each chapter.
Investigating the Effects of Web-Based Science Material for Guided Inquiry Approach on Information and Communication Skills of Students

In parallel with the development of technology and increase in knowledge, learning-teaching environments have changed, and an understanding has taken into basis that students are active and responsible for their own learning. In accordance with this situation, inquiry-based learning approach and technology integration have come to an important point in science curricula in our country. In the study, it was aimed to investigate the effectiveness of web-based science material developed on the guided inquiry approach on students' information and communication skills. In the current study, embedded design was selected amongst mixed methods. First, web-based material was developed compatible with the guided inquiry approach for the systems in our body unit at sixth grade. Then, the developed material was applied during eight weeks by three teachers in three different classes and its effectiveness was examined. A total of 155 sixth grade students, 71 of whom were in the experimental group and 84 in the control group, participated in the study. In the study; “Information and Communication Skills Perception Scale” was used as a quantitative data collection tool and an observation form was used as the qualitative data collection tool. As a result of the study; although there was an increase in the information and communication skills perception scores of the students in the experimental group in which the web-based science material was applied according to the guided inquiry approach, it was understood that this difference was not significant [t(70)=-3.76, p>. 05]. Even though there is an increase in information and communication skills, it is thought that this increase is not significant in terms of the students' perceptions of information and communication skills as these students were born into the technology age, developed high perception towards information and communication skills through their own tablets, computers, phones and other similar medium.