Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Nanotoxicity: Exploring the Interactions Between Carbon Nanotubes and Proteins

Carbon nanotubes (CNTs), which are entirely composed of sp2 carbons, can be viewed as graphite sheets that have been rolled into seamless cylinders. Since their discovery in 1991 [1], CNTs have become the “superstar” in the field of nanoscience and nanotechnology because of their unique structural, mechanical, and electronic properties [2]. Various promising biomedical applications have also been proposed, such as drug design [3], drug delivery [4], tumor therapy [5], tissue engineering [6], DNA recognition [7], and biosensor design [8]. It was predicted that the global market for CNTs could grow to $2 billion by 2014 [9]. On the other hand, with the fast advance of the nanotechnology and its widespread applications in various industries, there is a growing concern on the biosafety of these nanomaterials to human health [10-17]. Human skin, lungs, and gastrointestinal tract are in constant contact with the environment. Despite the skin is an effective barrier to foreign substances, the lungs and gastrointestinal tract are vulnerable. Recent experiments showed that unrefined CNTs might be aerosolized and release fine particles into air [18]. When the concentration of CNTs in air is sufficiently high, they can be inhaled and then migrate into other parts of body [19]. These inhaled CNTs can enter cells and accumulate in cytoplasms [20, 21], which may lead to the lung insult [22-24], immunologic toxicity [25], and adverse cardiovascular effects (on mice) [26]. Injections and implants, which are required for some biomedical applications, are the other possible routes of the exposure of human cells to nanoparticles. The experiments on mice showed that the tissue exposing directly to the injected CNTs may lead to asbestos-like pathogenic behaviors, including inflammation and the formation of lesions known as granulomas [27]. In addition, the injecting CNTs into the tail vein of male mice may cause the reversible testis damage [28]. Therefore, there is an urgent need for the understanding of nanotoxicity and the development of biocompatible nanomaterials. Recently, the interactions between nanoparticles, such as CNTs, and biological molecules, such as proteins, have received great attention due to the aforementioned biosafety concerns. Proteins are the functional units of life. Studies on the interaction of CNTs and
From micro to macro via production networks

A modern economy is an intricately linked web of specialized production units, each relying on the flow of inputs from their suppliers to produce their own output which, in turn, is routed towards other downstream units. In this essay, I argue that this network perpective on production linkages can offer novel insights on the sources of aggregate fluctuations. To do this, I show (i) how production networks can be mapped to a standard general equilibrium setup; (ii) how to approach input-output from this networked perspective and (iii) how theory and data on production networks can be usefully combined to shed light on comovement and aggregate fluctuations.
Pleistocene human remains from Shiraho-Saonetabaru Cave on Ishigaki Island, Okinawa, Japan, and their radiocarbon dating

Abstract Nine human remains were recovered from Shiraho-Saonetabaru Cave on Ishigaki Island,Okinawa Prefecture, Japan, between 2007 and 2009. Six of the nine samples produced well-preservedbiogenic collagen, which was submitted to radiocarbon dating by accelerator mass spectrometry. Threehuman samples (Nos. 2, 4, and 8) from the fossil chamber were dated to between 16 and 20 ka BP,and can clearly be assigned to the Late Pleistocene. One animal bone from the same chamber whichwas treated and measured for radiocarbon independently was also of great antiquity (c. 12 ka BP). These dates are the first concrete evidence of human occupation on the Ryukyu Islands during thePleistocene, based on the direct radiocarbon dates of human remains. It is expected that more humanremains and archaeological objects of the Pleistocene will be recovered from Shiraho-SaonetabaruCave and the surrounding region by future intensive collaborations between anthropologists, archae-ologists, and speleologists.Key words:Late Pleistocene, Palaeolithic, Ishigaki, Minatogawa, Okinawa
Physical model studies of cortical brain deformation in response to high strain rate inertial loading

Acute subdural hematoma (ASDH) is a common form of severe head injury and is characterized by a high mortality rate. S tud.ies in our laboratory have shown that ASDH can be prcx:iuced in the primate by subjecting the head to short duration, sagittal plane load.ing. While these animal experiments provide an absolute confirmation of injury, they yield no information regard.ing rhe changes in mechanical field parameters that occur during the dynamic loading period. Developing tolerance levels for ASDH in man requires integrating the results from these primate studies with information from two parallel studies measurement of the superior margin deformation that occurs in response to a range of inertial loads, and the development of a f ailure criterion for the cortical vasculature.
Analyzing Privacy Policies at Scale

Website privacy policies are often long and difficult to understand. While research shows that Internet users care about their privacy, they do not have the time to understand the policies of every website they visit, and most users hardly ever read privacy policies. Some recent efforts have aimed to use a combination of crowdsourcing, machine learning, and natural language processing to interpret privacy policies at scale, thus producing annotations for use in interfaces that inform Internet users of salient policy details. However, little attention has been devoted to studying the accuracy of crowdsourced privacy policy annotations, how crowdworker productivity can be enhanced for such a task, and the levels of granularity that are feasible for automatic analysis of privacy policies. In this article, we present a trajectory of work addressing each of these topics. We include analyses of crowdworker performance, evaluation of a method to make a privacy-policy oriented task easier for crowdworkers, a coarse-grained approach to labeling segments of policy text with descriptive themes, and a fine-grained approach to identifying user choices described in policy text. Together, the results from these efforts show the effectiveness of using automated and semi-automated methods for extracting from privacy policies the data practice details that are salient to Internet users’ interests.
Autonomy: A Missing Ingredient of a Successful Program?

ABSTRACT SUPPORTING AN ATHLETE'S NEED FOR AUTONOMY BY ALLOWING HIM/HER TO MAKE CHOICES CONCERNING TRAINING VARIABLES CAN BE AN EFFECTIVE COACHING STRATEGY BY STRENGTH AND CONDITIONING (S&C) PROFESSIONALS. HOWEVER, THIS COACHING STRATEGY HAS RECEIVED LITTLE ATTENTION IN THE S&C FIELD DESPITE BEING EXTENSIVELY STUDIED IN THE FIELDS OF SPORT PSYCHOLOGY AND MOTOR LEARNING. AUTONOMY SUPPORT HAS BEEN SHOWN TO IMPROVE MOTOR LEARNING, PERFORMANCE, AND MOTIVATION. IN THIS REVIEW, THE POSITIVE EFFECTS OF PROVIDING CHOICES ARE DISCUSSED AS THEY APPLY TO ATHLETES AND S&C PROFESSIONALS. MOREOVER, POSSIBLE MECHANISMS FOR THESE EFFECTS ARE DESCRIBED AND PRACTICAL RECOMMENDATIONS ARE PROVIDED.
Does Propagation Speed of a Heel Strike Initiated Impact Wave Depends on the Gait Speed ?

The objective of this work was to investigate how the human musculoskeletal system deals with propagation and attenuation of the impact wave initiated at the heel strike. The main emphasis was on the study of the effects of gait speed on the speed of these waves on their path toward the head. An experiment was designed to evaluate the time needed for the impact wave initiated at the heel strike to travel between the tibial tuberosity and forehead. Subject were walking and running on the treadmill at four different progressive speeds for 30 seconds at each speed. The heel strike induced impact waves were recorded by the light weight accelerometers externally attached on both tibial tuberosities and forehead and analyzed. The data analysis reveals that the heel strike induced impact waves travel faster when the walking or running speed increases. The obtained result supports the conclusion that the human body acts as a natural shock absorber; capable to modify the ways it attenuates invading impacts waves along their path toward the head. Earlier studies showed that the increase in the speed of locomotion leads to the increase of the amplitude of the impact wave arriving at the forehead. It is surmised here that increase in the speed of the wave propagation allows the brain to get advanced information on the magnitude of the impact wave and modify running or walking pattern in order to protect the head from exposure to excess loading from the heel strike initiated impact wave.
Generic Communication Framework for Internet of Things

Internet of Things the name explains about itself ,internet is network of network where heterogeneous machine are connected to share the information among different clients. Things are the sensors connected to this network. Network layer and physical layer wrapped together with specific application layer to form IoT, which becomes domain specific . There are various frameworks exists which are dependent on specific domain, if new domain comes, ultimately there is need to create new framework. In this paper we proposed generic communication framework which is common platform for all the domains , where IoT can be used and existing framework can be reused. It is beneficial to analyze data efficiently and future prediction.
Trends in precipitation extremes during the typhoon season in Taiwan over the last 60 years

The trends of four common climate change indices related to extreme precipitation events during the typhoon season (July–October) from 21 stations in Taiwan are investigated using a robust nonparametric method. Upward trends in precipitation intensity and 5‐day total precipitation amounts prevail from 1950 to 2010. Longer drought duration is also noted, in southern Taiwan in particular. Daily precipitation during the typhoon season is further partitioned into typhoon and monsoon rainfall. Precipitation intensity induced by typhoons and monsoon systems has both increased over the last 60 years; these two components collectively contribute to strong upward trend in precipitation intensity.
Crustal structure of Australia from ambient seismic noise tomography

[1] Surface wave tomography for Australian crustal structure has been carried out using group velocity measurements in the period range 1–32 s extracted from stacked correlations of ambient noise between station pairs. Both Rayleigh wave and Love wave group velocity maps are constructed for each period using the vertical and transverse component of the Green's function estimates from the ambient noise. The full suite of portable broadband deployments and permanent stations on the continent have been used with over 250 stations in all and up to 7500 paths. The permanent stations provide a useful link between the various shorter-term portable deployments. At each period the group velocity maps are constructed with a fully nonlinear tomographic inversion exploiting a subspace technique and the Fast Marching Method for wavefront tracking. For Rayleigh waves the continental coverage is good enough to allow the construction of a 3D shear wavespeed model in a two stage approach. Local group dispersion information is collated for a distribution of points across the continent and inverted for a 1D SV wavespeed profile using a Neighbourhood Algorithm method. The resulting set of 1D models are then interpolated to produce the final 3D wavespeed model. The group velocity maps show the strong influence of thick sediments at shorter periods, and distinct fast zones associated with cratonic regions. Below the sediments the 3D shear wavespeed model displays significant heterogeneity with only moderate correlation with surface tectonic features. For example, there is no evident expression of the Tasman Line marking the eastern edge of Precambrian outcrop. The large number of available inter-station paths extracted from the ambient noise analysis provide detailed shear wavespeed information for crustal structure across the Australian continent for the first time, including regions where there was no prior sampling because of difficult logistics.
Gocen: Appropriating Simplified Handwritten Notation as a Musical Interface

Not only in childhood but also adulthood, we need some training to read music scores, which sometimes make music hard to learn and enjoy. In this article, we shall propose the system that enables users to play their handwritten musical notations by our musical interface. Since 1960's, Optical Music Recognition (OMR) has become matured in the field of printed score. In recent, some products were released on a market that uses OMR for music composition and playing. However, few researches on handwritten notations have been done, as well as on interactive system for OMR. We combined notating with performing in order to make the music more intuitive for users and give aids to learn music to users. We set 6 design criteria for evaluation of our musical interface. Through users tests and user observations, we shall report our system has high accurate image recognition for handwritten notation and is success to help users to create music along with our design criteria.
Immunocytochemical Analysis of Pituitary Cells in Pre-spawning Chum Salmon

Abstract Pituitary hormones regulate various physiological functions during spawning migration in salmonid. Cytological features of pituitary cells were therefore immunocytochemically examined by use of antisera against homologous hormones in pre-spawning chum salmon (Oncorhynchus keta) caught from Ishikari Bay and the Chitose River in October, 1996. Immunoreactivity and sizes of pituitary cells were determined by a computer-aided image analyzing technique. Immunoreactivity in growth hormone (GH) cells was stronger with enlarged cell sizes in freshwater (FW) fish than in seawater (SW) ones of both sexes. Majority of prolactin (PRL) cells also had significantly stronger immunoreactivity with enlarged cell sizes in FW fish than in SW animals of both sexes. Immunoreactivity in somatolactin (SL) cells was markedly stronger with enlarged cell sizes in FW fish than in SW ones of both males and females. In addition, greater portions of SL cells were strongly stained in FW animals than in SW ones. A greater portion of gonadotropin (GTH) I cells had stronger immunoreactivity with reduced cell sizes in FW fish of both sexes, when compared with SW fish. Conversely, GTH II cells had significantly stronger immunoreactivity with enlarged cell sizes in FW ones of both sexes. In proopiomelanocortin (POMC)-derived hormone producing cells, adrenocorticotropin (ACTH) cells had stronger immunoreactivity in FW animals of both sexes, while cell sizes did not change. In melanotropes, the cells immunoreactive to α-melanophore stimulating hormone (α-MSH) antiserum had stronger immunoreactivity with reduced cell sizes only in FW males, while the cells immunoreactive to β-endorphin antiserum had stronger immunoreactivity with reduced cell sizes in FW fish than in SW animals of both sexes. Implication of these results was discussed along with previous reports on gene expression of pituitary hormone precursors.
Phosphorus Removal and Recovery from Digestate after Biogas Production

Anaerobic digestion (AD) is a commercially available industrial process that generates biogas (roughly consisting of 60% of CH4 and 40% of CO2) and breaks down organic materials by anaerobic microbes. It is a process that can greatly reduce the amount of organic matter which might otherwise be destined to be land filled or burnt in an incinerator, both scenarios generating strong public concerns. The use of AD is suitable for most types of organic wastes such as livestock manure, waste paper, grass clippings, municipal waste, food and fruit/ vegetable processing waste etc. AD provides benefits including substantial odor reduction, production of a renewable energy source (biogas), reduction of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, potential pathogen reduction, minimization of solid waste for disposal, and enhanced nutrient management (Borowitzka 1999). Different groups of microorganisms are working together as a food chain to degrade the organic materials to produce methane as the final product. Briefly, insoluble organic material is hydrolyzed to produce simple soluble materials such simple sugar, amino acid and long chain fatty acid. Acidogenic bacteria degrade them to produce volatile fatty acid (VFA) and hydrogen, which is called acidogenesis. Then, acetogenic bacteria produce acetate from VFA and solvents in acetogenesis. There is a group of acetogenic bacteria which can synthesize acetate from hydrogen and carbon dioxide, referred as homoacetogenesis. And finally methanogens use acetate or hydrogen to produce methane as the final product. There are also other bacteria groups involved in the AD, for example sulfate reduction bacteria. Of all the current bioenergy options, AD is a well-estab‐ lished technology in Europe with large scale systems developed primarily in countries such
Satellite multi-sensor mapping of suspended particulate matter in turbid estuarine and coastal ocean, China

In this work, five ocean-colour sensors, the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer aboard the Terra satellite (Terra MODIS), Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer aboard the Aqua satellite (Aqua MODIS), Medium Range Imaging Spectrometer aboard the Environmental Satellite (Envisat MERIS), Medium Resolution Spectral Imager aboard the FY-3 satellite (FY-3 MERSI), and Geostationary Ocean Colour Imager (GOCI), were selected to examine the compatibility of an algorithm proposed for suspended particulate matter (SPM) retrieval and concordance of satellite products retrieved from different ocean-colour sensors. The results could effectively increase revisit frequency and complement a temporal gap of time series satellites that may exist between on-orbit and off-orbit. Using in situ measurements from 17 cruise campaigns between 2004 and 2012, the SPM retrieval algorithm was recalibrated so as to be universal and adapted for multi-sensor retrievals. An inter-comparison of multi-sensor-derived products showed that GOCI-derived SPM and Envisat MERIS-derived SPM had the best fitting on a 1:1 scatterplot, with a statistic regression slope of 0.9617 and an intercept of 0.0041 (in units of g l–1), respectively. SPM products derived from three sensors with nearly synchronous transit, Envisat MERIS, Terra MODIS, and FY-3 MERSI, exhibited excellent accordance with mean differences of 0.056, 0.057, and 0.013 g l–1 in three field fixed stations, respectively, in the Yangtze estuary. Terra MODIS-derived SPM with GOCI-derived SPM, except in the high SPM waters of Hangzhou Bay, and Aqua MODIS-derived SPM with GOCI-derived SPM, except in the moderate SPM waters of the South Branch and south of the Subei Coast, showed a good correspondence. Meanwhile, synchronous multi-sensor-derived SPM with concurrent in situ SPM time series observed in fixed field stations mostly displayed a good correspondence. Results suggest that the algorithm is feasible and compatible for SPM retrieval by multiple sensors.
Design and Implementation of A Structural Health Monitoribg Monitoring for n and Ale ting System for Hospital Buildings in the United States in the United States

This paper describes the current progress in the development of a structural health monitoring and alerting system to meet the needs of the U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs to monitor hospital buildings instrumented in high and very high seismic hazard regions in the U.S. The system, using the measured vibration data, is primarily designed for post-earthquake condition assessment of the buildings. It has two essential components – sensing and analysis. The sensing component includes all necessary firmware and sensors to measure the response of the building; while the analysis component consists of several data processing modules integrated into an open source software package which compresses a large amount of measured data into useful information to assess the building’s condition before and after an event. The information can be used for a rapid building safety assessment, and to support decisions for necessary repairs, replacements, and other maintenance and rehabilitation measures.
AN E-COMPETENCE EVALUATION PORTAL FOR SOFTWARE ENGINEERING MASTER COURSE

Competence evaluation is essential for any educational institution who wants to establish and adopt a generally accepted common standard for identifying and quantifying their offered courses and the qualifications that their students acquire. Most of higher educational institutes (HES) have applied such evaluations for many years based on traditional approaches such as printed questionnaires. But the widely spread of internet; the trend to compare educational institutes at worldwide level and the competition among HES require novel approaches and tools for competence evaluation. This paper describes the functionalities and main characteristics of an Engineering Competence Evaluation Internet Portal (SECEIP). The portal provides to the students and professors an innovative research-based online tool, which facilitates the exchange of information on learning outcomes, referring to a graduate’s knowledge, skills and e-CF competence upon completion their Master of Science in Software Engineering Program. It also includes unified metadata and service IT system for promoting the educational materials
Efficacy of Low Adjunctive Quetiapine Administration in Control of Hypomanic State in Bipolar Affective Disorder Captured by EEG

Aim: According to current biopsychiatric models, hypomania is associated with subvigil patterns in EEG, suggesting a significant impact of instable vigilance dynamics to bipolar disorders. Quetiapine as a well-accepted treatment option in bipolar disorders has been suggested to modify vigilance regulation by its high affinity to 5HT1A receptors at raphe nucleus, so even a low dose administration of quetiapine might be quite efficient to guide the recovery of the presumed instable vigilance dynamic in hypomanic state of bipolar disorder.
Explicit upper and lower bounds for the traveling wave solutions of Fisher-Kolmogorov type equations

It is well-known that the existence of traveling wave solutions for reaction-diffusion partial differential equations can be proved by showing the existence of certain heteroclinic orbits for related autonomous planar differential equations. We introduce a method for finding explicit upper and lower bounds of these heteroclinic orbits. In particular, for the classical Fisher-Kolmogorov equation we give rational upper and lower bounds which allow to locate these solutions analytically and with very high accuracy.
Impact of lobster size on selectivity of traps for southern rock lobster (Jasus edwardsii)

Most lobster fisheries are characterized by high exploitation rates. This has led to substantial declines in the size structures of the populations over time as larger lobsters have been removed. Although both scientists and fishers have suggested that size related hierarchies could impact on lobsters entering traps, the effect of the size change on the selectivity of lobster traps as a population's size structure changes has not been investigated. This paper demonstrates that larger lobsters affect the entrapment of smaller lobsters and that this behaviour affects the selectivity of lobster traps. Both spatial and temporal (within season) factors were found to affect the selectivity plots. Spatial differences in selectivity were attributed to the broader size range of larger lobsters found in regions of faster growth. Temporal differences were attributed to the decline in larger lobsters over the course of a season caused by exploitation. There are also differences in trap selectivity between the sexes.