Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The interaction between dopamine D2‐like and beta‐adrenergic receptors in the prefrontal cortex is altered by mood‐stabilizing agents

Several studies have suggested the involvement of biogenic monoaminergic neurotransmission in bipolar disorder and in the therapy for this disease. In this study, the effects of the mood‐stabilizing drugs lithium, carbamazepine or valproate on the dopaminergic and adrenergic systems, particularly on D2‐like and β‐adrenergic receptors, were studied both in cultured rat cortical neurones and in rat prefrontal cortex. In vitro and in vivo data showed that stimulation of β‐adrenergic receptors with isoproterenol increased cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) levels and this effect was significantly inhibited by lithium, carbamazepine or valproate. The activation of dopamine D2‐like receptors with quinpirole decreased the isoproterenol‐induced rise in cAMP in control conditions. This inhibition was observed in vivo after chronic treatment of the rats with carbamazepine or valproate, but not after treatment with lithium or in cultured rat cortical neurones after 48 h exposure to the three mood stabilizers. Dopamine D2 and β1‐adrenergic receptors were found to be co‐localized in prefrontal cortical cells, as determined by immunohistochemistry, but western blot experiments revealed that receptor levels were differentially affected by treatment with the three mood stabilizers. These data show that mood stabilizers affect D2 receptor‐mediated regulation of β‐adrenergic signalling and that each drug acts by a unique mechanism.
An ecologic study on Bacillaphyta and Cyanophyta and compare before and after Mnemiopsis leidyi arrival in the Southern Caspian Sea

Phytoplankton are primarily structured by the water elements, influenced by light intensity, the diversity is different with north and middle of Caspian Sea. It is important to know about diversity, abundance and biomass of phytoplankton in this area, then for this study was done in southern par of Caspian Sea. All samples were taken during 1995-96 and 2006-2007 in 6 transects such as Lisar, Anzali, Sefidroud, Noushahr, Babolsar and Amirabad, respectively. The phytoplankton compositions were changed significantly with seasons (P<0.05). In comparison after Mnemiopsis leidyi arrival, phytoplankton species were increased. Totally 124 species were identified from 2 phylums such as Bacillariophyta and Cyanophyta were 91 and 33 species, respectively. At the present research, the most dominant group was Bacillariophyta and between all species and majority related to Thalassionema nitzchoide specie. Also, during this study, Cyabobacteria community in the Caspian Sea changed in different years and the maximum cell abundance and biomass observed in summer and Shannon-Weaver diversity index changed in this study. During 20062007 (after M. leidyi arrival), the phytoplankton are shown significant changes in diversity at different seasons (P<0.05. The highest amounts of phytoplankton in southern part of Caspian Sea were Cyanophyta and Bacillariophyta phyla, respectively and According to statistical analysis, there was a significant change in seasonal cycle of Cyanophyta concentration. Because decreasing siliconate phytoplankton in the summer, Nodularia spumigena, of Cyanophytes, bloomed in 2005
Autonomous Agents as Synthetic Characters

Humans are social creatures. Much of our intelligence derives from our ability to manipulate our environment through collaborative endeavors. Most extant computer programs and interfaces do little to take advantage of such manifestly human talents and interests, leaving broad avenues of human-computer communication unexplored. Although it is still considered controversial, there are many who believe the harnessing of social communication to be rich in possibilities for modern software. In this article, we look at a number of autonomous agent systems that embody their intelligence at least partially through the projection of a believable, engaging, synthetic persona. Among other topics, we touch briefly on samples of research that explore synthetic personality, representations of emotion, societies of fanciful and playful characters, intelligent and engaging automated tutors, and users projected as avatars into virtual worlds.
10 How to Avoid Delay in SLE Diagnosis and Management

Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a wide spectrum disease with many clinical manifestations. Lack of awareness of the disease itself, with its common and rare presentations results in significant delay in diagnosis and consequently serious compromise of patients’ care. Physical examination will always retain its importance as the most common diagnostic test used by doctors and as an essential tool for modern practice(Joshua, Celermajer et al. 2005). Findings from proper musculoskeletal (MSK) examination is extremely useful in diagnosing rheumatologic disorders especially where gold standard diagnostic tests are lacking. From this perspective there should be much emphasis on basic bedside skills among clinicians searching for arthritis. Asking about morning stiffness and joint swelling are simple enough to pick up early arthritis (Paget 2007). Performing an active range of motion testing of joints as a screening method would pick up limitations in joints mobility from active arthritis. In real practice, the picture is not simple as such. Despite the impact of MSK disorders on health care, rheumatological diseases are often overlooked or inadequately assessed by doctors (Jones, Maddison et al. 1992). This chapter will explore some of the issues around this complex clinical and educational problem. SLE (the disease of thousand faces) is not only affecting the joints. Major organ involvement can be the first presenting symptom(s) and/or sign(s). Knowledge of some of the common presenting features of SLE apart from arthritis would help greatly in early recognition of this multisystem disease. Renal, central nervous system (CNS), and cardiovascular system (CVS) are commonly affected in SLE patients. Knowing the risk factors, early detection and close folllow up will have positive impact on patient’s outcome. This chapter will discuss some of the clinical issues arising while managing SLE patients that are commonly overlooked by clinicans. Late onset SLE and other rare associations like Kikuchi Fujimoto disease will be disscussed in this chapter as well.
Assessment of Exposure to Traffic-Related Air Pollution in a Large Urban Area: Impacts of Individual Mobility and Transit Investment Scenarios

This paper describes the design and application of an integrated model for prediction of traffic related air pollution in an urban are based on a transportation emission-dispersion model system. After validation of the integrated model for simulated hourly Nitrogen Dioxide (NO2) concentrations against observations across different seasons in 2008, it is used as a tool for evaluating the potential air quality impacts of future transportation scenarios (2031) taking into account population mobility. We observed that individuals’ trajectories increased their daily exposure (compared to the activity and home exposure) in the base case and policy scenarios. A transit scenario was simulated and was observed to reduce the generated emissions and resulting NO2 concentrations. Our results also show that zones with the highest contribution to the individual exposure are predominantly located downtown and around highways.
Genetic testing for lung cancer: reflex versus clinical selection.

Interest in activating “driver” mutations in tyrosine kinase genes as therapeutic targets in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) has peaked recently due to the discovery that EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) produce higher response rates, longer progression free survival (PFS) times, less toxicity, improved symptom control, improved quality of life, and greater convenience compared to cytotoxic chemotherapy in the first line treatment of advanced NSCLC patients harboring EGFR activating mutations (1–4). A more recent study showed that advanced NSCLC patients whose tumors harbor EML4-ALK fusion genes, who are treated with an ALK TKI termed crizotinib, have high response rates and long progression free survival times that are similar to those of NSCLC patients harboring EGFR mutations treated with erlotinib (5,6).
Experimental Investigation of Cutting Forces in Ti-6 Al-4 V Alloys Using Rotary Ultrasonic Machining

Abstract: The recent developments in advanced materials such as titanium alloy (Ti-6Al-4V) and their increased engineering applications have led to advances on manufacturing processes. However, widespread utilization of these materials has been hindered by high machining cost and poor surface finish. Since, difficult-to-machine materials such as Ti-6Al-4V are very hard, tough, and possessed high impact resistance, their machinability is low and sometimes impossible with traditional machining processes. Recently, Rotary Ultrasonic Machining (RUM) has attracted total attention for machining DCM. The ultimate goal of this research is to enhance machining of Ti-6Al-4V using of RUM process. The experiment has been designed using Taguchi approach to find signal-to-noise (S/N) ratios. The results of this work identify that the cutting forces increase significantly with increase in coolant pressure, vibration amplitude, depth of cut and feed rate while decrease with increase in spindle speed.
Time dependent density functional theory study of charge-transfer and intramolecular electronic excitations in acetone–water systems

A recently introduced formulation of time dependent linear response density functional theory within the plane-wave pseudopotential framework [J. Hutter, J. Chem. Phys. 118, 3928 (2003)] is applied to the study of solvent shift and intensity enhancement effects of the 1A2 n→π* electronic transition in acetone, treating solute and solvent at the same level of theory. We propose a suitable formalism for computing transition intensities based on the modern theory of polarization, which is applicable to condensed-phase and finite systems alike. The gain in intensity brought about by thermal fluctuations is studied in molecular acetone at room temperature, and in gas-phase (CH3)2CO⋅(H2O)2 at 25 K. The latter system is characterized by the appearance of relatively intense features in the low-energy region of the spectrum, attributable to spurious solvent→solute charge-transfer excitations created by deficiencies in the DFT methodology. The n→π* transition can be partially isolated from the charge-transfer bands.
Existence and Non-existence of a Fast Diffusion Equation in

In this paper we study the global existence and asymptotic behaviour of solutions to ut=2 log u for the Cauchy initial value problem in R. We prove that if n 3, then every solution satisfies Rn u (x, t) dx= for any 1<p n 2, where 0<t<tmax , the maximal existence time. At the same time we demonstrate the existence of both global and finite extinction solutions which are in L(R) for any p>n 2. Hence, we extend a previous result of Vazquez [19] which claims that Rn u dx= for 0<t<tmax . 1997 Academic Press
РЕЗЮМЕТА НА РЕАЛНО ОТПЕЧАТАНИТЕ ПЪЛНОТЕКСТОВИ НАУЧНИ ПУБЛИКАЦИИ НА ГЛ. АС. Д-Р ТАТИНА ТОДОРОВА ТОДОРОВА

Vitamin B12 is a water soluble vitamin and important micronutrient with critical role in DNA, protein and lipid synthesis. It is responsible for one-carbon metabolism and cell division of nervous and hematopoietic cells. Among its various functions, the role as immunomodulator in cellular immunity, especially in elevating the number of CD8+ cells and NK cells attracts scientific interest. Many alternative anticancer and antiinflammatory treatments involve use of B12 together with other vitamins and nutrients, but still the scientific information is too obscure and insufficient. Controversial data link tumorigenesis with either increased or decreased B12 blood levels in different types of cancer. Dietary intake and additional supplement with the vitamin do not protect against cancer risk, but the dominant opinion is to integrate B12 as part of rational and healthy nutrition to ensure proper function of the immune system. This chapter will review in brief the most important facts for vitamin B12 functions and properties. We will try also to present in concise way the human immune system and the exact role of B12 in immune activity with emphasis on the questionable participation of vitamin B12 in the process of carcinogenesis and its significance as anticancer immunotherapy.
Informe de Posicionamiento Terapéutico de nivolumab (Opdivo®) en el tratamiento de Linfoma de Hodgkin

Sin embargo, un porcentaje importante de pacientes con LH no alcanzan estas respuestas. El tratamiento estándar de los pacientes con LH refractarios o en recaída es la quimioterapia de rescate seguida de trasplante autólogo de progenitores hematopoyéticos (TAPH) con lo que se alcanza una tasa de RC del 50% (5,6). En los pacientes que presentan LH refractario o en recaída tras el TAPH, el pronóstico es muy desfavorable con una supervivencia mediana de 27 meses (7). En la actualidad, las alternativas terapéuticas para este tipo de pacientes son muy limitadas, entre ellas se encuentra el alotrasplante de progenitores hematopoyéticos (aloTPH) o la administración de quimioterapia paliativa con gemcitabina o bendamustina en monoterapia (8,9). Recientemente, se añadió como alternativa terapéutica en este tipo de pacientes el uso de brentuximab-vedotina (BV), sin embargo, los pacientes que fracasan a esta última línea de tratamiento carecen de un tratamiento estándar representando una necesidad médica no resuelta.
Influence of Small‐Scale Heterogeneities on Contaminant Transport in Fractured Crystalline Rock

We present a sequence of purely advective transport models that demonstrate the influence of small‐scale geometric inhomogeneities on contaminant transport in fractured crystalline rock. Special weight is placed on the role of statistically generated variable fracture apertures. The fracture network geometry and the aperture distribution are based on information from an in situ radionuclide retardation experiment performed at Grimsel test site (Swiss Alps). The obtained breakthrough curves are fitted with the advection dispersion equation and continuous‐time random walks (CTRW). CTRW is found to provide superior fits to the late‐arrival tailing and is also found to show a good correlation with the velocity distributions obtained from the hydraulic models. The impact of small‐scale heterogeneities, both in fracture geometry and aperture, on transport is shown to be considerable.
Using activity traces to characterize programming behaviour beyond the lab

Systematically improving the efficiency of programmers requires understanding what activities occur during programming, which activities are inefficient and then assessing languages, tools and processes proposed to improve the situation. Conducting the experiments required to support a systematic approach is difficult for many reasons, including the lack of availability of experienced programmers and the common belief that individual programmer effectiveness varies greatly. In this paper, we investigate whether generic activity traces of how a programmer interacts with a development environment can help bridge between results gathered in the lab with how programming occurs in the field. We describe the kinds of information that can be gleaned from activity traces, consider whether positive indication of a behaviour seen in the lab translates to data collected from the field, and discuss challenges with gathering appropriate data and with using gathered data appropriately.
Granulomatous Typhlocolitis, Lymphangitis, and Lymphadenitis in a Horse Infected With Listeria monocytogenes, Salmonella Typhimurium, and Cyathostomes

A 15-year-old American Quarter horse mare was euthanized because of poor response to therapy for severe diarrhea. Significant gross findings were limited to the large intestines. The walls of the cecum and colon were thickened with widely scattered nodules in the mucosa and submucosa that extended into the enlarged colic lymph nodes. Microscopically, there was severe granulomatous typhlocolitis, lymphangitis, and lymphadenitis, with many intralesional Gram-positive, non-acid-fast coccobacilli and few cyathostomes. Intralesional bacteria were immunohistochemically and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assay positive for Listeria monocytogenes. Concurrent infection with Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium was detected by PCR and culture. Infection with L. monocytogenes in horses is rare, and coinfection with Salmonella and small strongyles probably contributed to the development of granulomatous typhlocolitis.
Solving TSP using Genetic Algorithms-Case of Kosovo

In this paper we describe the use of a Genetic Algorithm to solve the TSP problem for Kosovo Cities/Municipalities, where one has to minimize the travelling distance between the cities (locations). Since the TSP problem is a NP problem, approaches such as dynamic programming, backtracking, branch and bound, etc. are not very useful for solving it. For problems traditionally thought of as computationally infeasible such as the TSP, Genetic Algorithms prove to be the best approach in obtaining solutions. John Holland's book “Adaptation in Natural and Artificial Systems” (1975, 1992) showed how the evolutionary process can be applied to solve a wide variety of problems using a highly parallel technique that is called the “Genetic Algorithm” (GA). The genetic algorithm transforms a population (set) of individual objects, each with an associated fitness value, into a new generation of the population using the Darwinian principle of reproduction and survival of the fittest and analogs of naturally occurring genetic operations such as crossover (sexual recombination) and mutation. Each individual in the population represents a possible solution to a given problem. The genetic algorithm attempts to find a very good (or best) solution to the problem by genetically breeding the population of individuals over a series of generations. Kosova is a relatively small country, in aspect of territory size, which is 10887 Km2. Besides capital Prishtina, there are six other bigger cities and about 23 smaller cities, while the rest of locations are villages. Basiclly, there are 30 municipalities, with 1467 localities, in total, with about two milion residents. Recently, seven localities are proposed to be recognised as municipalities and are in the process of transformation. For solving the problem, we designed an application in C#, which will use a genetic algorithm to find the best possible solution for TSP Kosova problem. The first part of this paper is a brief presentation Kosovo and Kosova municipalities. Key-Words: Genetic Agorithms, TSP, C#, Kosovo.
Linearization of Nonlinear Recursive Rules

The problem of converting a simple nonlinear recursive logic query into an equivalent linear one is considered. A general method is given to transform a nonlinear rule into a sequence of linear ones. For efficient processing it is necessary to convert a nonlinear rule into a single linear rule. For such a conversion, a necessary and sufficient condition is provided for a type of doubly recursive rule to be equivalent to the resulting linear rule. It is also shown that a restricted type of higher order recursive rule is equivalent to the linear rule obtained by its conversion. >
An evaluation approach based on word-of-mouth for trust models in recommendation systems

Recommendation systems have been recognized as an effective approach to heavy information load. In recommendation systems, trust/reputation has attracted increasing attention because it helps to improve the precision of recommendation and the robustness of systems to shilling attacks. Recommendation system oriented trust models, mostly rating-based, used to build the reputation and trustiness among users. They are often evaluated in terms of how accurately they help to predict user ratings and how robustly they resist shilling attacks. However, those evaluation techniques disregard the trust values themselves: how accurately they calculate the trust values themselves is not measured. To solve the problem, in this work, we propose an approach to measure the trust values based on electronic word-of-mouth (eWoM) theory. The eWoM believes a user is reliability if he is of good public praise. In our approach, firstly, according to eWoM, the reliability value of a user can be judged by other users' votes - whether the user's ratings or feedbacks are positive or negative. Secondly, the trust values of users can be calculated by a trust model. Finally, we compare trust values and reliability values. As a case study, we propose a simple rating-based trust model and then evaluate the trust model based on the proposed evaluation approach and Amazon dataset.
Exposure Data Development for the Global Earthquake Model : Inventory Data Capture Tools

The Global Earthquake Model represents a open initiative to develop software and tools for assessment of global seismic risk. This paper describes an open-source software suite and protocols for populating a Global Exposure Database of structural information being developed by GEM’s Inventory Data Capture Tools (IDCT) risk global component. Several data collection methods are used: remote sensing, direct field observations, and statisticallyinferred mapping schemes. Data are collected on pre-earthquake inventory, as well as post-event damage: rudimentary building information from optical satellite or aerial sensors, including the building footprints and height. Field-based observations collected on digital and paper tools by survey teams allow expert users to generate detailed structural information, including structural type, year built, and occupancy. Mapping schemes allow the generation of exposure information for user-defined areas of homogenous urban land use, using sampled field observations. These methods converge to feed GEM's Global Exposure Database and the Earthquake Consequences Database.
TASK ASSIGNMENT IN CROWD SOURCING USING VECTOR SPACE MODEL

Recently the crowd sourcing has become a well known model for doing different assignments in different field. But there are some challenges and issues. The important issues in crowd sourcing are the task assignment and quality. Assigning task to particular resource is a challenge as most of people are unfamiliar, unknown about crowd sourcing and maximum assignment is done online. We address this issue by finding the experts and assign the task based on their expertization. Here we assumed that expert people will always produce quality work. We used this technique in our social media application which is especially created for faculties . We have used a vector space model for finding experts which is normally used for retrieval of document based on the query in a search engines. Key terms: Crowd sourcing, social media application, vector space model, expert finding, task assignment