Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The Myth Women are Physically and Mentally Weak

The psychology of husband and wife is so crucial in establishing a family. Family contains group of people with different mentalities. Each and everyone in the family should get adjusted to the other by compromising in one or the other requirements. From underdeveloped country to the developed country the women are treated as inferior in most of the families. There is a myth saying that the women are physically weak when compared to men. This small myth struck in men so strongly that the women are compromised or restricted to do many a things which can be done at ease. This female and male domination can be majorly seen at the husband and wife relationship.
Picosecond dynamical changes on denaturation of yeast phosphoglycerate kinase revealed by quasielastic neutron scattering

Quasielastic neutron scattering experiments performed on yeast phosphoglycerate kinase in the native form and denatured in 1.5 M guanidinium chloride reveal a change in the fast (picosecond time scale) diffusive internal dynamics of the protein. The momentum and energy transfer dependences of the scattering for both states are fitted by an analytical model in which, on the experimentally accessible picosecond time scale and angstrom length scale, the dynamics of a fraction of the nonexchangeable hydrogens in the protein is described as a superposition of vibrations with uniform diffusion in a sphere, the rest of the hydrogens undergoing only vibrational motion. The fraction diffusing changes, from ≈60% in the native protein to ≈82% in the denatured protein. The radius of the sphere also changes slightly, from ≈1.8 Å in the native protein to ≈2.2 Å in the denatured protein. Possible implications of these results for the general protein folding problem are discussed. Proteins 28:380–387, 1997 © 1997 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Biodiversity of rhizobia isolated from a wide range of forest legumes in Brazil

Tropical forests have a high diversity of plant species; are they associated with a correspondingly rich microbial flora? We addressed this question by examining the symbiotic rhizobium bacteria that nodulate a diverse pool of forest legume species in Brazil. The 44 strains studied had been isolated from 29 legume tree species representing 13 tribes including all three subfamilies of the Leguminosae, and were chosen to represent major groups from a larger sample that had previously been characterized by SDS–PAGE of total proteins. Partial 16S rRNA gene sequence was determined, corresponding to positions 44–303 in the Escherichia coli sequence. Fifteen sequences were found, including six novel ones. However, all but one of them could be assigned to a genus because they grouped closely with sequences from previously described rhizobial species. Fast‐growing strains had sequences similar to Rhizobium spp. , Sinorhizobium spp. or Mesorhizobium spp. , while the slow‐growing strains had sequences similar to Bradyrhizobium spp. One strain with an intermediate growth rate had a unique sequence which indicated that the strain might belong to the genus Azorhizobium. Although the strains showed a variety of sequences, it was surprising that these strains isolated from taxonomically very diverse host plants in previously unexplored environments were mostly very similar to strains described previously, largely from agricultural systems.
Entérite lupique récidivante améliorée par Azathioprine

Les manifestations gastro-intestinales observées au cours du lupus érythémateux systémique sont fréquentes et peuvent intéresser n'importe quel segment du tractus digestif. L'entérite lupique constitue l'une des manifestations responsable de douleurs abdominales. Son traitement est basé essentiellement sur les corticoïdes. Le recours aux immunosuppresseurs est réservé aux formes récidivantes ou en cas d’échec des corticoïdes. Nous rapportons une nouvelle observation d'entérite lupique récidivante améliorée par azathioprine. Il s'agissait d'une femme âgée de 30 ans chez laquelle le diagnostic du lupus a été retenu en 2004. Un an après, elle a présenté des douleurs abdominales, des vomissements et des diarrhées. Les explorations ont conclu à une entérite lupique après élimination de toute autre cause notamment infectieuse. Elle a été traitée par des corticoïdes à forte dose. Cependant à chaque tentative de dégression, elle présentait la même symptomatologie. En 2010 l'azathioprine a été associé permettant de juguler la maladie et de diminuer la corticothérapie.
Low-grade astrocytoma: treatment with conventionally fractionated stereotactic radiation therapy.

PURPOSE To assess the efficacy of fractionated stereotactic radiation therapy for low-grade astrocytoma in terms of improvements to therapeutic ratio, patient survival, and quality of life. MATERIALS AND METHODS Since 1987, 32 patients with inoperable grade II astrocytoma were irradiated. Stereotactic radiation therapy was given only to patients with progressive symptoms. The mean total dose applied was 59.8 Gy (range, 54.0-65.0 Gy). RESULTS Four years after therapy, the overall survival rate calculated with Kaplan-Meier analysis was 76%. Median progression-free survival was 48 months. On the basis of clinical symptoms, 91% (29 of 32) of patients showed improvement or stable disease after stereotactic radiation therapy. Eleven local failures were observed, 10 of which were within the planning target volume; one patient had a continuously enlarging mass. Acute toxic effects of radiation did not exceed grade II of the World Health Organization classification. Two patients developed reversible contrast enhancement without clinical symptoms on MR images within 1 year after stereotactic radiation therapy. CONCLUSION Stereotactic radiation therapy for grade II astrocytoma appears to improve patients' quality of life or stabilize disease and is not correlated with marginal misses.
User Mobility Model Based Computation Offloading Decision for Mobile Cloud

The last decade has seen a rapid growth in the use of mobile devices all over the world. With an increasing use of mobile devices, mobile applications are becoming more diverse and complex, demanding more computational resources. However, mobile devices are typically resource-limited (i.e., a slower-speed CPU, a smaller memory) due to a variety of reasons. Mobile users will be capable of running applications with heavy computation if they can offload some of their computations to other places, such as a desktop or server machines. However, mobile users are typically subject to dynamically changing network environments, particularly, due to user mobility. This makes it hard to choose good offloading decisions in mobile environments. In general, users’ mobility can provide some hints for upcoming changes to network environments. Motivated by this, we propose a mobility model of each individual user taking advantage of the regularity of his/her mobility pattern, and develop an offloading decision-making technique based on the mobility model. We evaluate our technique through trace-based simulation with real log data traces from 14 Android users. Our evaluation results show that the proposed technique can help boost the performance of mobile devices in terms of response time and energy consumption, when users are highly mobile.
The role of acetaldehyde in the actions of alcohol (update 2000).

BACKGROUND Recent advances in the field of acetaldehyde (AcH) research have raised the need for a comprehensive review on the role of AcH in the actions of alcohol. This update is an attempt to summarize the available AcH research. METHODS The descriptive part of this article covers not only recent research but also the development of the field. Special emphasis is placed on mechanistic analyses, new hypotheses, and conclusions. RESULTS Elevated AcH during alcohol intoxication causes alcohol sensitivity, which involves vasodilation associated with increased skin temperature, subjective feelings of hotness and facial flushing, increased heart and respiration rate, lowered blood pressure, sensation of dry mouth or throat associated with bronchoconstriction and allergy reactions, nausea and headache, and also reinforcing reactions like euphoria. These effects seem to involve catecholamine, opiate peptide, prostaglandin, histamine, and/or kinin mechanisms. The contribution of AcH to the pathological consequences of chronic alcohol intake is well established for different forms of cancer in the digestive tract and the upper airways. AcH seems to play a role in the etiology of liver cirrhosis. AcH may have a role in other pathological developments, which include brain damage, cardiomyopathy, pancreatitis, and fetal alcohol syndrome. AcH creates both unpleasant aversive reactions that protect against excessive alcohol drinking and euphoric sensations that may reinforce alcohol drinking. The protective effect of AcH may be used in future treatments that involve gene therapy with or without liver transplantation. CONCLUSIONS AcH plays a role in most of the actions of alcohol. The individual variability in these AcH-mediated actions will depend on the genetic polymorphism, not only for the alcohol and AcH-metabolizing enzymes but also for the target sites for AcH actions. The subtle balance between aversive and reinforcing, protecting and promoting factors will determine the overall behavioral and pathological developments.
Aliskiren, the first in a new class of direct renin inhibitors for hypertension: present and future perspectives

Aliskiren, the direct renin inhibitor, is the first new class of drug available in 13 years for the treatment of hypertension. Renin has long been recognized as a preferred site for blockade of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system because it prevents conversion of angiotensinogen to angiotensin I. Aliskiren binds to the active site of the renin molecule, blocking angiotensinogen cleavage, thus, preventing the formation of angiotensin I. Clinical studies have demonstrated at least equivalent or superior blood pressure lowering efficacy compared with existing drugs with a favorable side effect profile. Aliskiren possesses possible synergistic potential when combined with a thiazide diuretic, ACE inhibitor, angiotensin receptor blocker and calcium channel blocker both in terms of efficacy and tolerability. This review aims to define the role of aliskiren in the therapeutic management of hypertension.
Monolithic integration of light emitting diodes, photodetector and receiver circuit in standard CMOS technology

A monolithic silicon CMOS optoelectronic integrated circuit (OEIC) is designed and fabricated with standard 0.35 ¿m CMOS technology. This OEIC circuit consists of light emitting diodes (LED), silicon dioxide waveguide, photodiodes and receiver circuit. The silicon LED operates in reverse breakdown mode and can be turned on at 8.5 V 10 mA. The silicon dioxide waveguide is composed of multiple layers of silicon dioxide between different metals layers. A two PN-junctions photodetector composed of n-well/p-substrate junction and p+ active implantation/n-well junction maximizes the depletion region width. The readout circuitry in pixels is exploited to handle as small as 0.1 nA photocurrent. Simulation and testing results show that the optical emissions powers are about two orders higher than the low frequency detectivity of silicon CMOS photodetector and receiver circuit.
MIMO radars or is it smart antennas?

Radars were originally designed as detectors of targets. The goal was to transmit a signal with the maximum available power and then observe whether the received signal contained a portion of the transmitted signal. A matched filter was then designed using the transmitted waveform to detect the received signal and based on some statistical hypothesis testing a decision was made on whether a target is present or absent. However, when multiple targets are to be examined or one wants to search for a low observable near a large target, the conventional detection based radar processing is not adequate. A need for finding small targets in the presence of clutter and jammer evolved into an estimation theory problem rather than detection. It is illustrated that use of a phased array in a SIMO mode can perform quite well as one does not have to worry about the inhomogenity of the clutter associated with multiple transmissions in a MIMO system as the processing becomes quite complicated. Also, the compensation of mutual coupling becomes difficult in a practical deployment on a moving platform. It is important to note that one can still exploit the advantages of super-resolution processing using estimation theory keeping the advantages of a single high power transmitting antenna in a phased array deployment. This paper illustrates such a methodology which has been in the published literature for at least a decade and compares it with the recent MIMO developments. Examples are presented related to a single snapshot based least squares methodology that can cancel interferer in the main beam using a phased array radar but performing a deterministic processing using the same number of degrees of freedom as a multisnapshot case for coherent processing.
Análise de desempenho de Banco de Dados Relacionais e Não Relacionais em dados genômicos

O armazenamento de dados genomicos e um grande desafio hoje, pois com o avanco da tecnologia molecular a quantidade de dados genomicos gerados esta aumentando, de forma que o sequenciamento de um unico organismo pode gerar arquivos com gigabytes de informacoes. De forma geral, os processos de manipulacao de dados genomicos fazem uso de simples arquivos como o principal meio para armazenamento de tais dados. Contudo, os bancos de dados modernos se apresentam como alternativa para a gerencia desses dados por oferecer melhor organizacao, tolerância a falhas, melhor uso do espaco disponivel para armaze- namento e desempenho. Alem disso, os bancos de dados permitem agregar aos dados brutos do sequenciamento meta-informacoes acerca das sequencias de DNA armazenadas. Diante deste cenario, este trabalho apresenta e avalia o desempenho de diferentes estrategias de armazenamento em tres bancos de dados pertencentes a dois paradigmas diferentes, o MySQL (representante dos bancos de dados Relacionais), o Cassandra e o MongoDB (representantes dos bancos de dados Nao Relacionais). Os resultados demonstraram que os bancos de dados relacionais apresentam limitacoes quando estao inseridos em um ambiente com grandes massas de dados.
Development of Mouse and Rat Oocytes in Chimeric Reaggregated Ovaries after Interspecific Exchange of Somatic and Germ Cell Components1

Abstract The germ cell and somatic cell compartments of newborn rat and mouse ovaries, which contain only primordial stage follicles, were completely exchanged and reaggregated to produce xenogeneic chimeric ovaries. The reaggregated ovaries were grafted beneath the renal capsules of ovariectomized SCID mice to develop for periods up to 21 days. Xenogeneic follicles developed with essentially normal morphological characteristics. Both rat and mouse oocytes with species-specific characteristics grew within follicles that were composed of somatic cells exclusively of the alternative species. Rat oocytes grown in mouse follicles became competent to resume meiosis, and progressed to metaphase II when they were removed from follicles and cultured. In addition, mouse oocytes grown in rat follicles underwent fertilization and preimplantation development in vitro, and developed to term after embryos were transferred to pseudopregnant mouse foster mothers. Therefore, despite an estimated 11 million years of divergent evolution, oocytes and somatic cells of rat and mouse ovaries can be exchanged and can produce functional oocytes. It is concluded that factors involved in oocyte-somatic cell interactions necessary to support oocyte development and appropriate differentiation of the oocyte-associated granulosa cells are conserved between rats and mice. Moreover, although granulosa cells play important roles in oocyte development, the development of species-specific characteristics of oocytes occurs without apparent modification by a xenogeneic follicular environment.
The tumultuous journey of nesiritide: past, present, and future.

Almost 3 decades ago, we witnessed the discovery of the natriuretic peptides and the role of the heart as an endocrine organ in which peptides of cardiovascular origin emerged as a humoral link between the heart and the kidney in cardiorenal homeostasis. In the United States, one such natriuretic peptide, B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP), was approved by the US Food and Drug Administration in 2001 as a drug (nesiritide) for the treatment of acute decompensated heart failure (ADHF). The rationale for the use of BNP as a cardiovascular therapy was in response to laboratory-based research and a series of clinical trials. What emerged was a theme that BNP was an endogenous ligand for the natriuretic peptide-A receptor that is linked to particulate guanylyl cyclase and the second messenger 3′,5′-cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP). 1 After receptor activation, the biological actions of BNP include vasodilatation, diuresis and natriuresis, positive lusitropism, inhibition of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system, suppression of the myocardial hypertrophy response to pressure overload, and attenuation of myocardial fibrosis. Article p 9 Although a hallmark of acute and chronic congestive heart failure (CHF) is an increased plasma level of BNP, there are functional derangements in the BNP/cGMP signaling pathway that provide additional rationale for the exogenous administration of BNP or nesiritide to treat CHF. The 2 most compelling abnormalities include increased production of less biologically active BNP forms and increased renal resistance to BNP in severe experimental CHF.2–5 Since the initial report in 1991 by Yoshimura et al6 and after several clinical trials over the past decade,7–10 the consensus has been that human recombinant BNP (nesiritide) in patients with ADHF improved cardiovascular hemodynamics and/or renal function in association with improved symptoms of HF. Moreover, some investigators reported that nesiritide therapy was safer than the use of positive inotropic drugs …
The Importance of Th2 Cytokines in Protective Immunity to Nematodes

The immune response is characterized by its high degree of specificity. B lymphocytes capable of producing antibodies that react with an antigen are selected to proliferate and to difierentiate as a result of their binding antigens that are directly stimulatory (Moller 1975) and as a result of their presentation of antigens to antigen-specific helper T lymphocytes (Noelle & Snow 1991). T lymphocytes similarly are selected to proliferate and to differentiate as a result of signals received when they are presented with an antigen-derived peptide/self MHC complex by antigen-presenting cells, such as B lymphocytes, dendritic cells or macrophages (Lanzavecchia 1990). Specificity of the immune response is maintained because only those lymphocytes that are capable of reacting with a determinant on the immunogen are induced to clonally expand and differentiate into mature effector cells. There is, however, a second, less completely understood aspect to immune specificity. Different effector mechanisms are recruited in response to different antigens or pathogens. In the mouse, for example, viral infections typically induce antibody responses of the IgG2a isotype (Coutelier et al. 1987), and are accompanied by activation of macrophages and the generation of cytotoxic T lymphocytes (Leist et al. 1989). In contrast, helminth parasites typically
Effects of in vitro and in vivo growth conditions on expression of type 8 capsular polysaccharide by Staphylococcus aureus

Type 8 capsular polysaccharide (CP8) is widely prevalent among clinical isolates of Staphylococcus aureus, but the role that the capsule plays in the pathogenesis of staphylococcal infections is unclear. This study was performed to identify growth conditions that would optimize the production of CP8 and to determine whether enhanced CP8 expression would influence staphylococcal virulence. S. aureus Becker grown in a chemically defined broth medium with < 1 microM ferric nitrate produced up to eightfold more CP8 per milligram of biomass than did bacteria cultivated in the same medium containing 20 microM ferric nitrate. The bacteria produced > 350-fold more cell-associated CP8 per milligram of biomass when grown on the surface of Columbia agar than when grown in Columbia broth. Most of the CP8 produced by broth-grown cells was secreted into the culture medium. S. aureus cultivated on the surface of nitrocellulose membranes floating on Columbia broth produced levels of CP8 similar to those produced by cells grown on Columbia agar. Similarly, bacteria harvested from endocardial vegetations of rabbits infected with S. aureus produced high levels of CP8. These results indicate that staphylococci grown on surfaces, both in vitro and in vivo, produce larger quantities of cell-associated CP8 than those grown in liquid cultures. However, no differences were observed in the 50% lethal dose for mice of strain Becker grown on solid medium (high levels of capsule expression) or in liquid medium (low levels of capsule expression).
Adipose tissue hypoxia caused by cyanotic congenital heart disease and its impact on adipokine dysregulation

Objective: To investigate the effects of hypoxia induced by CCHD on the expression and secretion of adipokines. Methods: Subcutaneous adipose tissue and serum were obtained from elective cardiac surgery patients. In CCHD group, n = 17; and in ACHD (Acyanosis congenital heart disease) group, n = 15. Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), inflammation-related adipokines, adiponectin (APN) and Endoplasmic reticulum stress (ER stress) markers were measured in mRNA levels. Hypoxia inducible factor 1α (HIF-1α) and ER stress markers were also measured in protein levels. Results: Immunohistochemical staining showed that protein expression level of VEGF was markedly increased relative to acyanotic groups. Adipose tissue was hypoxic in cyanotic groups. Adipose tissue hypoxia (ATH) led to a substantial increase in inflammation-related adipokines, and a remarkable reduction in adiponectin mRNA levels. Endoplasmic reticulum stress markers were activated by hypoxia. ER stress has been linked to inflammation. These changes were partially reversed by the intervention of normoxia. We exposed normal adipose tissue to CoCl2, a hypoxia mimic, and achieved results similar to the CCHD group. Conclusions: Adipose tissue in CCHD is hypoxic. The change of adiponectin and inflammation-related adipokines are partially caused by ER stress.