Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Influences of soaked water volume on physicochemical properties of Shuidouchi

The physicochemical properties experiments were carried out based on the Shuidouchi made through different soaked water volume. As the soaked water volume time increased,the pH increased in Shuidouchi.Shuidouchi with the three times soaked water volume exhibited the highest content of crude protein,acidity,amino and ammonia type nitrogens,and γ-GTP than others. The sensory evaluation of three times soaked water volume fermented Shuidouchi was better than that of other soaked water volume fermented Shuidouchi.The three times soaked water volume fermented Shuidouchi showed the best physicochemical quality.
Myocarditis: a Whole Heart Involvement Revealed by Cardiac Magnetic Resonance Mapping. A Case-control Study

Purpose: To ascertain if differences in T1 and T2 mapping exist between ventricular wall segments with and without late gadolinium enhancement (LGE) in patients with myocarditis, and to compare these findings to those of control subjects.Methods: In a case-control design, 22 patients with Cardiac Magnetic Resonance (CMR) evidence of myocarditis and 18 controls with normal CMR were assessed. The workup included: (1) T1 mapping (ShMOLLI); (2) LGE; (3) T2 mapping (SSFP); and (4) the T2 signal intensity of the myocardium divided by that of skeletal muscle (T2 ratio). T1 and T2 mapping of affected (LGE+) and unaffected (LGE-) ventricular segments of cases were compared, as were those of controls versus cases.Results: On within-group comparison, ventricular segments with evidence of late enhancement (LGE+) in cases showed a mean T1 value significantly different from that of unaffected (LGE-) ventricular walls (1057±30 vs. 1028±48; p=0.0001). On between-group comparison, the mean T1 value of LGE- segments in cases was significantly different from the mean of the corresponding walls in controls (1028±48 vs. 996±10; p<0.0001). The mean T2 maps of LGE- walls in cases were not statistically different from those of controls (49±4 vs. 49±1; p=0.9229). Conclusions: This case-control study suggests that T1 mapping demonstrates significant alterations in the myocardium of patients with myocarditis even in the absence of late gadolinium enhancement. Specifically, T1 mapping revealed diffuse myocardial involvement not evidenced by LGE imaging. T2 mapping was noncontributory.
The Impact of Innovation and Information Technology on Greenhouse Gas Emissions: A Case of the Visegrád Countries

The rapid growth of negative consequences from climate changes provokes divergent effects in all economic sectors. The experts proved that a core catalyst which bootstrapped the climate changes was greenhouse gas emission. This has led to a range of social, economic, and ecological issues. Such issues could be solved by extending innovation and information technology. This paper aimed to check the hypothesis that innovation and information technology allowed for a reduction of greenhouse gas emissions. The author used such methodology as OLS, fully modified OLS (FMOLS), dynamic OLS (DMOLS), Dicky-Fuller and Phillips-Perron tests. The research is informed by the report of the World Economic Forum, World Data Bank, Eurostat for the Visegrád countries (Hungary, Poland, Check Republic, Slovakia) for the period of 2000–2019. The findings were confirmed in models without control variables, and an increase of 1% of patents led to reducing greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions by 0.28% for Poland, 0.28% for Hungary, 0.38% for the Slovak Republic and 0.46% for the Czech Republic. At the same time, for the models with control variables, only Hungary experienced a statistically significant impact. There, an increase of patents by 1% led to reduction of GHG emissions by 0.22%. The variable R&D expenditure was statistically significant for all countries and all types of models (with and without control variables). The increase of R&D expenditure provoked a decline of GHG emissions by 0.29% (without control variables) and 0.11% (with control variables) for Poland, by 0.26% (without control variables) and 0.41% (with control variables) for Hungary, by 0.3% (without control variables) and 0.23% (with control variables) for the Slovak Republic and by 0.54% (without control variables) and 0.38% (with control variables) for the Czech Republic.
Ion-cut lithium niobate on insulator technology: Recent advances and perspectives

Lithium niobate (LiNbO3 or LN) is a well-known multifunctional crystal that has been widely applied in various areas of photonics, electronics, and optoelectronics. In the past decade, “ion-cut” has become the key technique to produce wafer-size, high-quality, sub micrometer-thickness crystalline LiNbO3 thin films, i.e., lithium-niobate-on-insulator (LNOI). With the rapid development of LNOI technology and the tremendous progress of associated surface structuring and engineering techniques over the last few years, many novel chip-integrated LiNbO3-based devices and applications with reduced cost, complexity, power, and size, are demonstrated, boosting the resurgence of integrated photonics based on this material. The remarkable achievements are largely facilitated by the most recent technological progress in photonic integration and performance optimization of LNOI on-chip devices, such as high-quality surface domain engineering, advanced heterogeneous integration technology, powerful dispersion engineering, fine polishing lithography, and wafer-scale fabrication. Accordingly, batch-compatible chip-integrated platforms for more complex photonic integrated circuits, such as quantum optical circuits, are within reach. This article provides a timely review of the key advances in LNOI technology and a reasonable perspective on the near-future directions for both integrated photonics and applied physics communities.
Direct assembly of thioacid capped quantum dots in solid-state hybrid photovoltaics, effect of QDs size and thermal annealing

Deposition of colloidal quantum dot thin films to fabricate hybrid solar cells is strongly dependent on the nature of the quantum dot (QD) surface ligand. In order to reduce the fabrication cost and eliminate additional steps as the ligand-exchange, water soluble quantum dots (WSQDs) can be directly assembled in solid-state hybrid photovoltaics. In this paper we present the synthesis and characterization of solution processed quantum dot solar cells (QDSCs) with mercaptosuccinic acid (MSA) capped CdSe QDs as the active layer, rutile TiO2 nanorods (NRs) as the electron transport material (ETM) and Spiro-OMeTAD as the hole transport material (HTM). Narrow size distribution and surface coordination of the WSQDs were critical on the performance of the devices, with 3.5 nm CdSe QDs yielding the best power conversion efficiency (PCE). Annealing of the CdSe QD layer at 190 °C and room temperature infiltration of Spiro-OMeTAD into the active layer, simultaneously increased Voc, Jsc, and PCE. Proper annealing increases the QD size and removes linked water and excess ligands, contributing to QD packing and better electron-transport through the active layer. The improvement of Voc observed after further HTM infiltration, can be ascribed to the surface passivation of in-gap trap states and weak p-doping of QDs induced by 4-tert-butylpyridine, as evidenced by Kelvin probe measurements.
A Theoretical Study on the Surfaces of Zinc Oxide

Zinc oxide is an important wide bandgap n-type semiconductor with uses ranging from electronics to catalysis. The chemical and physical properties related to its surfaces are of fundamental interest and also key to the material’s design. In this Thesis, computational methods have been used to model the surfaces of ZnO. We report a detailed theoretical study on the four main low-index wurtzite ZnO surfaces. For nonpolar surfaces, we focus on the stability, atomic structure and electronic properties of both clean and defective surfaces. Our calculations explain why steps are common on the (10-10) surface, as seen in experiment. We calculate the ionisation potential which is in good agreement with experiment. The electronic band edges of the nonpolar surfaces are seen to behave differently, with a local rise of the VBM and CBM for (10-10) and (11-20), respectively. For ZnO polar surfaces, our results can explain why experimental findings reported have been varied and even contradictory at times. The calculated surface energies indicate on average a slightly higher stability of the (000-1) surface compared to the (0001) surface. Structurally, triangular and hexagonal patterns are seen among the stable structures but a high level of disorder is predicted. We also report new interatomic potentials (IP) for the Cu/ZnO system. Our IP can work as a fast and reliable method to filter low energy Cu/ZnO structures. Global optimisation calculations show a preference for planar Cu clusters over the (10-10) surface, with a strong interaction between the Cu and Zn species. Finally, we study the surface atomic configurations for the MoO3/Fe2O3 catalytic system. The lowest energy structure was used in the fitting of EXAFS parameters. Overall, our Thesis shows the great utility of theoretical calculations in the explanation of experimental findings in surface science.
Changes in Heart Rate Autonomic Regulation in Girls at The Age of 10–11 with Different Rates of Biological Maturation: A Two-year Study

The authors conducted a two-year study of 60 girls aged 10-11. The analysis of the features of heart rhythm autonomic regulation in girls with different biological maturation rates revealed the following. The girls with slower sexual and physical development rates at the age of 10 are marked with higher values of very-low-frequency (VLF) waves, lower values of the high-frequency component of HF than a group of children having the above-average level of physical and sexual development. The groups of 10-year-old girls with different physical and sexual development levels differ in basic anthropometric measurements, body composition parameters, and basal, specific, and norm-based metabolic rates. By the age of 11, girls with the due acquisition of secondary sexual characters demonstrate an increase in sympathetic influence and a decrease in parasympathetic effect on HR’s variability. The obtained data indicate a relative lag in the functional development of the cardiovascular system autonomic regulation in girls with the delayed acquisition of secondary sexual characters at the age of 10 compared to the group of children with the above-average level of physical and sexual development.
Fundamental investigation of laccase mediator delignification. on high lignin content kraft pulps

The fundamental bleaching chemistry of high and low-kappa softwood (SW) kraft pulps via laccasemediator systems (LMS) was explored. The highkappa pulps responded more favorably to LMS than the low-kappa pulps. The residual lignin from the low and high kappa pulps was enriched , in acid groups after LMS(E*) treatments. Accompanying this effect was a decrease in the phenoxy content. This decrease was more pronounced in the case of the low kappa pulps. INTRODUCTION The bleaching of kraft pulps is an integral component in the production of highvalue paper products. Over the last decade, research efforts have been largely focused on environmental issues, but as these challenges have been addressed, new research opportunities are being developed. &-aft pulping and bleaching yields have historically been important research topics that have now taken on renewed interest. Improved pulp yield offers the opportunity to enhance kraft wood utilization practices and reduce operating and capital costs associated with the production of kraft pulps. Pulp yields can be improved by a variety of techniques including modified chipping techniques, pulping additives, and halting the krafi pulping process at high kappa numbers. The latter process attempts to utilize t high selectivity of the initial and bulk phase of a kraft cook. Typically, the cook is halted at or before reaching the residual phase. This yields SW kraft pulps with kappa numbers in the range of 40-50. The remaining lignin is then removed by oxygen delignification. Jameel et al. (1) and others (2, 3) have shown that this approach can effectively improve the overall yield of bleachec kraft pulp by 2-3 %. Recently, our research group has begur to explore several competing technologies that he b , could increase pulp yields. One attractive approach is to use biobleaching technologies as a potential cost-effective alternative to oxygen delignification. The high selectivity of LMS delignification of low kappa kraft pulps (kappa # > 30 for SW and > 15 for HW) has been established by several researchers (4,5,6,7). In addition, the LMS stage has been shown to remove more than 45% of the residual lignin present in low-lignin kraft pulps. By extension, we had hypothesized that an LMS stage could remove significant amounts of lignin from highkappa kraft pulps with high selectivity. The results of our initial investigations supported our hypothesis that an LMS stage could be employed to remove lignin from high-kappa kraft pulps (8). Figure 1 summarizes some of the results of applying an LMS stage to a SW kraft pulp with an initial kappa of 97.5. This report further examined the chemistry involved in delignification of highkappa kraft pulps. A series of LMS-stages were performed on a 75.4-kappa conventional southern SW kraft pulp and a 33.8-kappa conventional southern SW kraft pulp. Both pulps originated from the same tree. The pulps were then extracted using an E, EO, EP, and EPO stage. The nature of the residual lignin was also examined.
Analysis of essential oil constituents in flower of Dendranthema indicum and D. nankingene from different provenances

Constituents of essential oil from flower of Dendranthema indicum L.and D.nankingene Hand. -Mazz.from different locations were analyzed and identified by GC-MS.The results showed that relative contents of essential oil in D.indicum from Hebei,Jiangsu(wild and cultivated),Hubei and in D.nankingene from Jiangsu were 0.731%,0.226%,0.199%、0.219% and 0.171% respectively.Their major compounds were(1R,4R)-(+)-camphor(12.62%) and borneol(8.06%);2-methoxy-1,7,7-trimethyl-bicycloheptane(27.82%) and(1R,4R)-(+)-camphor(27.56%);2,6,6-trimethyl-bicyclohept-3-en-4-ol,acetate(40.58%) and(-)-myrtenyl acetate(20.07%);2,7,7-trimethyl-bicyclohept-2-en-6-one(25.10%) and 2-ethylidene-6-methyl-3,5-heptadienal(17.66%);borneol(26.90%) and bornyl acetate(18.60%) respectively.The results of principal component analysis(PCA) and cluster analysis indicated that constituents of essential oil of D.indicum from Hebei showed significantly differences to the others locations and essential oil of D.nankingense also showed different constituents to D.indicum of various regions.
On identification of neural correlates of reflection in simple recurrent neural networks

Reflection, that in a general sense means internal representation of the external world, refers to one of awareness levels observed in animals. In this paper we demonstrate the ability of a homogeneous recurrent neural network to solve a problem that requires a reflection. The delayed matching to sample test was chosen as a task which is impossible to pass without an internal representation of an external world. Experiments showed that simple recurrent neural networks can form these representations and store them as neuron firing patterns for several clock cycles. Although the trained network was able to distinguish these patterns easily, the identification of certain stimulus by neuron firing was not practically possible due to minor differences in the level of synchronous firing of a given neuron for different stimuli. Neural networks were shown to be applicable for modeling reflexive abilities, so these simple models may also be used for creation of general technique that ultimately can be applied to recognizing neural correlates of human consciousness.
Optimization Design of Resonance Coils With High Misalignment Tolerance for Drone Wireless Charging Based on Genetic Algorithm

The misalignment between the transmitting (Tx) coil and the receiving (Rx) coil is an urgent problem in the drone charging system using wireless power transfer technology. The coupling coefficient is so low when the resonance coils is not aligned, which degrades the drone wireless charging performance. In this article, the optimization processes of the coupling mechanism are presented in detail. First, we illustrate the great superiority of unequally spaced Tx coil, compared with traditional uniformly spaced one. Then, a genetic algorithm to optimize the side lengths of the Tx coils is highlighted by discussing the main design considerations and methods in a comprehensive manner. Furthermore, the Rx coil with varying radius size per turn is proposed in terms of the distribution of magnetic field generated by the optimized Tx coil. Experimental results show that the optimized coils have better coupling performance due to small mutual inductance change under the condition of misalignment. Power transfer efficiencies in different misalignment situations are measured and the best power transfer efficiency improvement achieved by the proposed system can reach 56.23% in contrast with traditional coils. This drone charging system can transfer a maximum power of 100 W with the remarkable transfer efficiency of 92.41%.
Nitric oxide scavenging activity of synthesized methyl semicarbazone derivatives

In present study, a series of chalconesemicarbazones was synthesized and evaluated for their nitric oxide scavenging activity. Most of the compounds were found to be potent nitric oxide scavenger. Nitric oxide plays an important role in various pathological and xenotoxic effects so nitric oxide scavenger may have protective role in these pathological conditions. Based on the results of an anti-oxidant study, 1-[1-(2-hydroxyphenyl)-3-(4-methoxyphenyl)allylidene]- 4-(2-methylphenyl) semicarbazide (Compound 6) was the most active compound. It was found that methoxy and hydroyl substituted chalconesemicarbazones were potent nitric oxide scavenger and unsubstituted compound showed very less activity.
Effect of Heat Treatment on Physiological and Recovery Growth Status of Two Tomato Cultivars With Different Heat Susceptibility

High temperature seriously effects on plant vegetative and reproductive development and reduces productivity of plants, while to increase crop yield is the main target in most crop heat stress tolerance improvement breeding programs, not just survival, under high temperature. Our aim was to compare temperature stress tolerance in two commercial tomato cultivars “Dafnis” (big fruit size) and “Minichal” (cherry fruit size) to develop early screening methods and find out survival rate and physiological responses of tomato cultivars on high temperature (40°C and within 70% RH, day/night) in 4-5 true leaf seedling stage- (4LS) and identifies the linkage of heat tolerance with fruit set and leaf heat damage rates (LHD) in seedling stage with subsequent vegetative traits at recovery. Results showed that heat stress significantly affected on physiological-chemical and vegetative parameters of seedlings regardless of tomato cultivars. Survival and the threshold level of high temperature tolerance in the seedlings of cv. “Dafnis” and “Minichal” were identified on days 7 and 9, respectively. Our findings revealed that photosynthesis (PN, Gs, Ci, Tr) parameters were increased and CHL content persisted steady value in cv. “Minichal” during heat stress period, however EC and RPL rates were lower than cv. “Dafnis”. Heat stress reduced the SFW in both cultivars in seedling stage, but PH and RFW were significantly decreased in the heat tolerant cv. “Minichal”, whereas this parameters were not significantly ranged in the heat susceptible cv. “Dafnis”. Additionally, there no found linkage between vegetative parameters with decreasing of PN and CHL rates during HT of seedlings. In plants of cv. “Minichal” with LHD-25, 50 and 75% were no found significant differences in PH, whereas in cv. “Dafnis” significant differences were determined in plants with LHD-75%, and the significant differences in rates of SFW and RFW were observed in plants of cv. “Dafnis” having LHD-75% for 28 days of recovery at NT condition. Taken together, we concluded that heat stress affected on physiological parameters regardless of tolerance level, and to identify heat tolerant genotype in tomato breeding program, screening and selection genotypes have to be evaluated at the vegetative and reproductive stages with consideration fruit size types. Since we could not find linkage between heat tolerances in seedling stage with fruit set at the reproductive stage and fruit set cannot be used as a general predictor of heat tolerance.
Enhancement of Anaerobic Digestion of Waste-Activated Sludge by Conductive Materials under High Volatile Fatty Acids-to-Alkalinity Ratios

Anaerobic digestion (AD) represents a suitable option for the management of the waste-activated sludge (WAS) produced in municipal wastewater treatment plants. Nevertheless, due to its complex characteristics, WAS is often barely degradable under conventional anaerobic processes. The use of conductive materials during AD provides a promising route for enhancing WAS digestion, through the effects of direct inter-species electron transfer (DIET). The present paper aims to evaluate the effects of the addition of four different materials—granular activated carbon (GAC), granular iron, and aluminium and steel scrap powders—in semi-continuous lab-scale reactors under very high volatile fatty acids-to-alkalinity ratios. In particular, the use of metallic aluminium in WAS digestion was investigated for the first time and compared to the other materials. The AD of WAS without the addition of conductive materials was impossible, while the use of steel powder and zero-valent iron is shown not to improve the digestion process in a satisfactory way. On the contrary, both GAC and Al allow for effective WAS degradation. At stable conditions, methane yields of about 230 NmLCH4/gVS and 212 NmLCH4/gVS are recorded for GAC- and Al-amended reactors, respectively. These two materials are the most promising in sustaining WAS AD through DIET also in case of unbalanced volatile fatty acids-to-alkalinity ratios.
Contemporary Islamic Calligraphy Learning

Learning Islamic calligraphy has long been taught in Islamic-based schools. Both at the elementary school, middle school, and even college. Generally taught is standard letter Islamic Calligraphy and has a standard formula, also called pure calligraphy which is followed by many khathaths in many Islamic boarding schools and Islamic schools in various parts of the world, such as Naskhi khat, Tsuluts, Pharisees, Diwani, Diwani Jali, Kufi, and Riq'ah. In connection with the "standard" statement of Ibn Muqlah, states that, calligraphy is considered true if it has five criteria: Tawfiyah (right), Itman (complete), Ikmal (perfect), Isyba '(solid), and Irsal (smooth). Even if the category of contemporary calligraphy in the Islamic world has to be established, it will be divided into the following categories: Traditional, Figural, Expressionist, Symbolic, and Abstract, known as calligraphy paintings. In this description the author adds another category, namely Surrealistic calligraphy painting. There are five steps offered in Surrealistic Contemporary Islamic Calligraphy, as follows; make the basic pattern in the form of an infinity line, add a background in the form of fauna, flora or animals, carve Arabic characters, make shading (coloring) and finish. Aesthetically contemporary calligraphy refers to the rules of the creation of contemporary art, and ethically originates from the Qur'an, Al-Hadith, and aphorisms which carry artisticappreciative content to function as a medium of appreciation, on the other hand contain functioning ethical-religious content as a guide as well as a media for da'wah. Keywords—Islamic calligraphy, contemporary, fine art, surrealism