Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Does religion make people moral

I address three common empirical questions about the connection between religion and morality: (1) Do religious beliefs and practices shape moral behavior? (2) Do all religions universally concern themselves with moral behavior? (3) Is religion necessary for morality? I draw on recent empirical research on religious prosociality to reach several conclusions. First, awareness of supernatural monitoring and other mechanisms found in religions encourage prosociality towards strangers, and in that regard, religions have come to influence moral behavior. Second, religion’s connection with morality is culturally variable; this link is weak or absent in small-scale groups, and solidifies as group size and societal complexity increase over time and across societies. Third, moral sentiments that encourage prosociality evolved independently of religion, and secular institutions can serve social monitoring functions; therefore religion is not necessary for morality. Supernatural monitoring and related cultural practices build social solidarity and extend moral concern to strangers as a result of a cultural evolutionary process.
Social Behavior at Thirty-Three Months in Same-Sex and Mixed-Sex Dyads.

JACKLIN, CAROL NAGY, and MACCOBY, ELEANOR E. Social Behavior at Thirty-three Months in Same-Sex and Mixed-Sex Dyads. CHILD DEVELOPMENT, 1978, 49, 557-569. Previously unacquainted pairs of 33-month-old children were brought together in same-sex or mixed-sex pairs in a laboratory playroom, and the amount and kind of social behavior directed by each child toward the playmate was recorded. Children directed more social behavior-both positive and negative-to same-sex playmates than to opposite-sex ones. Girls paired with boys were more likely to stand passively watching their partners, or to withdraw toward their mothers, than boys in any pairing or girls playing with girls. Sequential analysis disclosed that boys were unlikely to respond to the vocal prohibitions of girls, while partners did respond to such prohibitions in other pairings. Statistical issues in measuring dyadic interaction are discussed, as are the implications of the findings for children's self-segregation by sex in play groups.
Competitive Orientations and Women’s Acceptance of Cosmetic Surgery

Women are presumed to compete intrasexually primarily on the basis of physical attractiveness. As such, in efforts to enhance their appearance, women may strive to achieve unrealistic cultural ideals of attractiveness promulgated in the media with potentially negative implications (e.g., body dysmorphic disorder, eating disorders, and cosmetic surgery). The present study considered the implications of two forms of competitive orientation on women’s acceptance of cosmetic surgery. Findings indicated that a hypercompetitive orientation (psychologically unhealthy) was a better predictor of acceptance of cosmetic surgery than body dysmorphia. Personal development competitiveness (psychologically healthy) was not related to either body dysmorphia or cosmetic surgery acceptance. Implication of these results and direction for further research are considered.
Attachment styles and fear of personal death: A case study of affect regulation.

The relation between attachment styles and fear of personal death was assessed. We classified a sample of Israeli undergraduate students into secure, ambivalent, and avoidant attachment groups and assessed the extent of, and the meaning attached to, overt fear of personal death as well as the extent of fear at a low level of awareness. Ambivalent subjects exhibited stronger overt fear of death than did secure and avoidant subjects, and both ambivalent and avoidant subjects showed stronger fear of death at a low level of awareness than secure subjects. Ambivalent subjects were also more likely to fear the loss of their social identity in death, and avoidant subjects were more likely to fear the unknown nature of their death. Results are discussed in terms of the effects of attachment styles on affect regulation. According to Bowiby's (1973) attachment theory, "when an individual is confident that an attachment figure will be available to him whenever he desires it, that person will be much less prone to either intense or chronic fear than will an individual who for any reason has no such confidence" (p. 202). Whereas most attachment research has focused on the fear of separation from a loved person, no attention has been paid to the fear of the ultimate separation: personal death. The purpose of the present study was to examine the relation between attachment styles and fear of personal death.
An Energy-Efficient Matching Accelerator Using Matching Prediction for Mobile Object Recognition

An energy-efficient object matching accelerator is proposed for mobile object recognition based on matching prediction scheme. Conventionally, vocabulary tree has been used to save the external memory bandwidth in object matching process but involved massive internal memory transactions to examine each object in a database. In this paper, a novel object matching accelerator is proposed based on matching predictions to reduce unnecessary internal memory transactions by mitigating nontarget object examinations, thereby improving the energy-efficiency. Experimental results show a 26% reduction in power-delay product compared to the prior art.
Situational Humor Response Questionnaire: Quantitative measure of sense of humor.

In this article, the development of the Situational Humor Response Questionnaire (SHRQ) is described and the findings of three validity studies are reported. We designed this 21-item scale to assess individuals' sense of humor as denned in quantitative terms, in contrast with previous self-report measures of humor, which have been based on a conformist definition. Reliability coefficients in the . 70s are reported. The validity studies reveal significant correlations between the SHRQ and a number of criteria, including observed mirth responses during an interview, peer ratings of subjects' sense of humor, a measure of positive mood, and rated wittiness of impromptu comedy monologues. The results indicate that this scale may be useful in assessing humor in productive as well as quantitative terms. Although we found greater support for males than for females, the data provide considerable evidence that validates the SHRQ for both sexes.
Trait bandwidth and stages of job performance : Assessing differential effects for conscientiousness and its subtraits

This study examined relationships with job performance at different stages of employee tenure for a broad personality measure (conscientiousness) and 2 more narrow subtraits (order and achievement). Conscientiousness exhibited a consistent relationship with performance for employees in both the transition stage (newly hired employees) and the maintenance stage (veteran employees). In contrast, the more narrow subtraits exhibited differential relationships. Order correlated more strongly with performance in the transition stage, whereas achievement correlated more strongly in the maintenance stage. In the respective samples, order and achievement also provided incremental validity beyond conscientiousness.
Personality: Nomothetic or idiographic? A response to Kenrick and Stringfield

It is suggested, contrary to the interpretation presented by Kenrick and Stringfield, that substantial consistency can be observed in personality as reflected in both behavior and judges' ratings when the principle of aggregation is applied to traditional nomothetic assessment procedures and results are interpreted in terms of classical reliability theory. Moreover, it is demonstrated that conclusions by Kenrick and Stringfield about the supposed improvement in predictive power stemming from an idiographic analysis do not follow from their data because they confound trait consistency and trait extremity and fail to take account of restriction and inflation of range effects.
Cognitive representations of predicates and the use of past tenses in French: a developmental approach

Two experiments examine how French 10-year-old children and adults relate past tenses to the semantic properties of predicate types in writing. Experiment 1 involved two tasks: graphically coding two predicate dimensions (durativity and resultativity), a task designed to assess cognitive representations of these predicates; and selecting past tenses in sentences which included previously evaluated verbs. Results show that (a) 10-year-olds and adults have comparable representations of durativity, but different ones for resultativity, (b) the adults associate process charac teristics and past tenses, but 10-year-olds do not. In Experiment 2, subjects only had to code graphically two dimensions of the predicates (durativity and resultativity) in sentences where the verb could take five forms: infinitive, one imperfective past tense (imperfect, 'imparfait'), and three perfective past tenses (perfect 'passé composé', or its 'historic' form 'passé simple', and pluperfect 'plus-que-parfait'). Results show that 10-year-old children have not yet learned the 'adult' functions of verbal forms. The results of these two experiments are discussed in relation to current models of human cognition.
Enaction Toward A New Paradigm For Cognitive Science

enaction toward a new paradigm for cognitive science is available in our digital library an online access to it is set as public so you can download it instantly. Our book servers saves in multiple locations, allowing you to get the most less latency time to download any of our books like this one. Kindly say, the enaction toward a new paradigm for cognitive science is universally compatible with any devices to read.
Interaction of Research Programmes in Social Science Studies of the Commons

Social science studies of the commons are characterized by two relatively clear-cut theoretical traditions, here labelled 'the tragedy of the commons' and 'co-operative action theory'. These differ substantially both in their basic assumptions and epistemological prescriptions; or 'hard cores' and 'protective belts', to use Lakatos's (1974) tools for evaluating scientific research programmes. It is suggested that 'the tragedy of the commons' tradition scores higher on Lakatos's criterion of coherence, whereas 'co-operative action theory' has been more successful in the production of novel empirical findings. Furthermore, the contrasting effect between the two traditions is believed to have contributed to an overall growth of knowledge within the field of study.
Electronic transaction authentication — A survey on multimodal biometrics

In this era of Electronic transactions, with the increase in the usage of credit and debit cards, the frauds are also increasing. Various authentication techniques are employed to mitigate the frauds and the biometric authentication plays a vital role. The objective of using biometric authentication is to make sure that the transaction is done by the genuine customer. In this paper, we give a brief discussion on unimodal biometrics, its limitations, need for multimodal biometrics, levels of fusion and multimodal methods adopted in recent works.
Distributed Multi Robot Localization

In this chapter, the design of a completely decentralized and distributed multi-robot localization algorithm is presented. The issue is approached using an Interlaced Extended Kalman Filter (IEKF) algorithm. The proposed solution allows the dynamic correction of the position computed by any single robot through information shared during the random rendezvous of robots. The agents are supposed to carry short-range antennas to enable data communication when they have a “visual” contact. The information exchange is limited to the pose variables and the associated covariance matrix. The algorithm combines the robustness of a full-state EKF with the effortlessness of its interlaced implementation. The proposed unsupervised method provides great flexibility by using exteroceptive sensors, even if it does not guarantee the same position estimate accuracy for each agent. However, it can be effective in case of connectivity loss among team robots. Moreover, it does not need synchronization between agents.
Robust Nonlinear Control of Parametric Uncertain Systems with Unknown Friction and Its Application to Pneumatic Control Valve

Robust Nonlinear Control of Parametric Uncertain Systems with Unknown Friction and Its Application to Pneumatic Control Valve Takashi Nakakuki, Non-member, Tielong Shen, Member, Katsutoshi Tamura, Non-member (Sophia University), Noriaki Henmi, Non-member, Toru Nakazawa, Non-member (Niigata Masoneilan Co., Limited) In this paper, a robust compensation for structured uncertain systems with unknown friction is investi gated. The friction is assumed to be unknown but bounded nonlinear function of the state of error system. The proposed controller is of PID-like structure with switching gain function. The controller guarantees the robust globally exponential stability of the control error systems. An apprication of the proposed controller on the pneumatic control valve will be shown with experiments.
Seeing and Visualizing: It's Not What You Think

In Seeing and Visualizing, Zenon Pylyshyn argues that seeing is different from thinking and that to see is not, as it may seem intuitively, to create an inner replica of the world. Pylyshyn examines how we see and how we visualize and why the scientific account does not align with the way these processes seem to us "from the inside. " In doing so, he addresses issues in vision science, cognitive psychology, philosophy of mind, and cognitive neuroscience. First, Pylyshyn argues that there is a core stage of vision independent from the influence of our prior beliefs and examines how vision can be intelligent and yet essentially knowledge-free. He then proposes that a mechanism within the vision module, called a visual index (or FINST), provides a direct preconceptual connection between parts of visual representations and things in the world, and he presents various experiments that illustrate the operation of this mechanism. He argues that such a deictic reference mechanism is needed to account for many properties of vision, including how mental images attain their apparent spatial character without themselves being laid out in space in our brains. The final section of the book examines the "picture theory" of mental imagery, including recent neuroscience evidence, and asks whether any current evidence speaks to the issue of the format of mental images. This analysis of mental imagery brings together many of the themes raised throughout the book and provides a framework for considering such issues as the distinction between the form and the content of representations, the role of vision in thought, and the relation between behavioral, neuroscientific, and phenomenological evidence regarding mental representations.
Assault as a function of time and temperature : A moderator-variable time-series analysis

The authors hypothesized that relations between temperature and assaults are stronger during evening hours than during other hours of the day and tested this hypothesis by obtaining 3-hr measures of assaults, temperature, and other weather variables for a 2-year interval. The hypothesis was confirmed by autoregressio n analyses that controlled for secular trends, seasonal differences, other weather variables, holidays, and other calendar events. In addition, as predicted by the negative affect escape model, assaults declined after reaching a peak at moderately high temperatures. The inverted Ushaped relation survived tests that controlled for secular trends, seasonality, autocorrelation, outliers, and heteroscedasticity. In addition, consistent with routine activity theory, moderator-variable regression analyses indicated that relations were strongest during evening hours and on weekends.
Library promotion methods and tools modeling and simulation on Twitter

Purpose Twitter is the most popular instant messaging platform today. Thanks to the consistency factor typical of it, it offers every company or business the best opportunity to promote their products or services. Likewise, it offers an unprecedented opportunity to public utility or benefit organizations like libraries to promote their services and build a powerful digital information exchange community. However, because of its immense number of users and chaotic nature, the steps toward making the best of it must be precise and systematized, or else the information professional will end up squandering resources to no avail. The purpose of this paper is the optimization of the distribution of the libraries’ resources regarding the promotion methods on Twitter. Design/methodology/approach Such a model is initially built by recording and analyzing the potential offered by the social network platform in question. Third-party tools that help handle Twitter are also analyzed. The factors’ total is then modeled by using the iThink editor. This editor is able to receive data from the decision-maker with respect to the specific attributes of each product and given conditions and produce specific outcomes by use of the model. Findings This research paper, includes a decision-making tool (model) that combines a theoretical view of library information science (LIS) and marketing science with a practical tool, simulating the process and producing certain outcomes using specific resources. The model presents him with the outcome that is bound to be produced with regard to the given circumstances and the amount of resources invested, encouraging, or not, certain courses of action. Practical implications The decision-maker can accurately anticipate an outcome so as to respectively customize his data and moves. Originality/value Proper use of the tools available, alongside anticipation chances offered by dynamic simulation models, enables the model decision-maker use it according to any given context, hence maximizing library business profits.
Trivialization: the forgotten mode of dissonance reduction.

Trivialization as a mode of dissonance reduction and the conditions under which it is likely to occur were explored in 4 studies. Study 1 tested and supported the hypothesis that when the preexisting attitude is made salient, participants will trivialize the dissonant cognitions rather than change their attitudes. Study 2 tested and supported the hypothesis that following a counterattitudinal behavior, participants will choose the first mode of dissonance reduction provided for them, whether it is trivialization or attitude change. Study 3 tested and supported the hypothesis that following a counterattitudinal behavior, the typical self-affirmation treatment leads to trivialization. Study 4 demonstrated that providing a trivializing frame by making an important issue salient also encourages trivialization rather than attitude change even when there was no opportunity for self-affirmation. The implications for cognitive dissonance theory and research are briefly discussed
El Conocimiento Animal

A comparison of the psycho physiological functions that underlie adaptation in nonhuman animals with the corresponding ones in Homo sapiens leads to the conclusion that they are analogous. Non human animals are not only capable of behaving, but they also exhibit subjective phenomena and are able to operate with knowledge. The above mentioned functions are based on three so called “integrative activities of the brain”. Primates possess incredible abilities: individuals from some species can operate with a language designed for deaf-mutes, and are also able to learn a computationally based language designed especially for them, called ”Yerkes”. This language allows communication between the researcher and the animals and also between two animals. Many non human primate societies are governed by strict norms, they perform play activities, they use tools and discover solutions for complex problems. Members of many animal species learn my imitation, obey orders, react to signals from their co specifics. In this paper we refer to these subjective phenomena and to the factors that integrate the set of psycho physiological processes in these non human animals. We discuss the adaptive significance of these functions and review some recent studies that reveal that certain Gnostic abilities lead to neogenesis of neurons in adult vertebrates.
Values, valences, and choice: The influences of values on the perceived attractiveness and choice of alternatives.

Hypotheses about relations between values, valences, and choice were tested in a study in which 239 university students completed the Schwartz Value Survey (S. H. Schwartz, 1992) and then responded to 10 hypothetical scenarios, each of which presented them with 2 alternative courses of action assumed to prime different value types from the Schwartz circular structure. For each scenario, participants rated the attractiveness or valence of each alternative and then indicated which one they would choose. Results showed that, as predicted, valences were related to value types, and choice of alternative was a function of both value types and valences. The pattern of relations was consistent with the assumption that values may induce valences on potential actions and outcomes and that value types may be organized into 2 bipolar dimensions, one of which contrasts openness to change with conservation and the other of which contrasts self-enhancement with self-transcendence
Advances in the diagnosis and treatment of autism spectrum disorders.

A dramatic increase in the number of children who are diagnosed with an autistic disorder has given rise to a deluge of articles on autism in the professional as well as the popular literature. This review of the current literature summarizes and synthesizes recent information on the causes and manifestations of autism; the trends in screening, diagnosis, and assessment; and the salient features of different treatment programs. It provides an overview of the advances and controversial issues that are of special interest to practicing clinical psychologists.
Patterns of Immigration and Public Assistance Utilization, 1970–1980 1

The recent surge in immigration to the United States has rekindled debate over the economic burden imposed by immigrants. This article explores the utilization of public assistance by immigrants and natives. The analysis goes beyond existing research by utilizing repeated cross-sectional data. Descriptive tables show that despite their higher poverty rates, immigrant families had only minimally higher public assistance recipiency rates compared to natives. Multivariate logistic regression analyses reveal that immigrant families were generally less likely than natives to receive public assistance, other things equal. There were exceptions to this generalization according to year of observation and race/ethnicity.
De-Identification Methods

The human resource (HR) domain contains various types of privacy-sensitive textual data, such as e-mail correspondence and performance appraisal. Doing research on these documents brings several challenges, one of them anonymisation. In this paper, we evaluate the current Dutch text de-identification methods for the HR domain in three steps. First, by updating one of these methods with the latest named entity recognition (NER) models. The result is that the NER model based on the CoNLL 2002 corpus in combination with the BERTje transformer give the best combination for suppressing persons (recall 0.94) and locations (recall 0.82). For suppressing gender, DEDUCE is performing best (recall 0.53). Second NER evaluation is based on both strict de-identification of entities (a person must be suppressed as a person) and third evaluation on a loose sense of de-identification (no matter what how a person is suppressed, as long it is suppressed) .