Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Fragile X syndrome: An overview and update of the FMR1 gene

Fragile X syndrome (FXS) is the most common cause of inherited intellectual disability and the leading form of the monogenic cause of autism. Fragile X mental retardation type 1 (FMR1) gene premutation is the first single‐gene cause of primary ovarian failure (Fragile X‐associated primary ovarian insufficiency [FXPOI]) and one of the most common causes of ataxia (fragile X‐associated tremor/ataxia syndrome [FXTAS]), multiple additional phenotypes such as fibromyalgia, hypothyroidism, migraine headaches, sleep disturbances, sleep apnea, restless legs syndrome, central pain syndrome, neuropathy and neuropsychiatric alterations has been described. Clinical involvement in men and women carrying the FMR1 premutation currently constitutes a real health problem in the society that should be taken into account. It is important to highlight that while in FXS there is a loss‐of‐function of the FMR1 gene, in premutation associated disorders there is a gain of FMR1 mRNA function. To date, the tremendous progress achieved in the understanding of the pathophysiology of FXS, has led to the development of several targeted therapies aimed at preventing or improving the neurological manifestations of the disease. This review is an update of the diseases associated with the FMR1 gene.
Injection-locked superharmonic self-oscillating mixer

This paper presents an self-oscillating mixer (SOM) circuit using a superharmonic injection-locking technique. In this topology, the superharmonic injection-locked oscillator (ILO) is used as a frequency divide-by-two circuit. The prototype circuit is implemented using 65 nm CMOS technology. The experimental results exhibit a minimum noise figure (NF) of 5.6 dB, a gain of 14.5 dB, input P1dB of −11 dBm and a phase-noise of −125 dBc/Hz at the 300 kHz offset frequency from the 4.1 GHz local oscillator (LO) frequency. The circuit draws 4 mA from a 1.2-supply voltage.
Hopf Bifurcation Control of Power System Nonlinear Dynamics via a Dynamic State Feedback Controller–Part I: Theory and Modeling

This two-part paper introduces a dynamic state feedback control law that guarantees the elimination of Hopf bifurcations (HB) before reaching the saddle-node bifurcations (SNB). Part I is devoted to the mathematical representation of the detailed system dynamics, investigation of HB and SNB theorems, and state feedback controller design. For purposes of dynamical analysis, the stable equilibria of the system is obtained. Then the control system is designed with the objective of preventing the voltage collapse before the SNB, such that the structural stability of the system is preserved in the stationary branch of the solutions. The controller aims to relocate Hopf bifurcations to the stationary branch of solutions located after SNB, eliminating the HB from normal operating region of the system. In order to evaluate the performance of the proposed controller, bifurcation analysis has been performed in Part II using single-machine and multi-machine test systems.
Adhesion and motility of fouling diatoms on a silicone elastomer

Recent demands for non-toxic antifouling technologies have led to increased interest in coatings based on silicone elastomers that ‘release’ macrofouling organisms when hydrodynamic conditions are sufficiently robust. However, these types of coatings accumulate diatom slimes, which are not released even from vessels operating at high speeds ( > 30 knots). In this study, adhesion strength and motility of three common fouling diatoms (Amphora coffeaeformis var. perpusilla (Grunow) Cleve, Craspedostauros australis Cox and Navicula perminuta Grunow) were measured on a polydimethylsiloxane elastomer (PDMSE) and acid-washed glass. Adhesion of the three species was stronger to PDMSE than to glass but the adhesion strengths varied. The wall shear stress required to remove 50% of cells from PDMSE was 17 Pa for Craspedostauros, 24 Pa for Amphora and >> 53 Pa for Navicula; the corresponding values for glass were 3, 10 and 25 Pa. In contrast, the motility of the three species showed little or no correlation between the two surfaces. Craspedostauros moved equally well on glass and PDMSE, Amphora moved more on glass initially before movement ceased and Navicula moved more on PDMSE before movement ceased. The results show that fouling diatoms adhere more strongly to a hydrophobic PDMSE surface, and this feature may contribute to their successful colonization of low surface energy, foul-release coatings. The results also indicate that diatom motility is not related to adhesion strength, and motility does not appear to be a useful indicator of surface preference by diatoms.
V-band 130 nm CMOS multistage amplifier incorporating gain-boosting technique

To design a high gain amplifier at V-band using 130 nm CMOS process, the gain-boosted technique is adopted to increase the maximum achievable gain (Gmax). Impedance matching synthesis is investigated for input and output matching circuits based on transmission lines. By adopting appropriate transistor size, a single stage amplifier can achieve the maximum gain of 10 dB at 53 GHz.
Cyber Risk and Insurance Coverage : An Actuarial Multistate Approach

This paper suggests a possible alternative, original and supplementary (that is, it does not replace nor keep out those standard procedures which have become legal obligations) solution to the issue of network security, whatever the connection tool may be. The procedures regulating activities of prevention, analysis and management of any cyber-attack (known as cyber risk as well as, in more serious cases when individual is involved, cyber-crime) are increasingly numerous, both in privately-owned concerns and in public administration as well. Hereinafter, a terminal is referred to as any device that can be connected to the web via the Internet and/or Intranet. Therefore, this paper does not aim at suggesting a technological solution – a specific task for antivirus programmer – but at formulating the actuarial premises for coverage in case of cyber damage, also known as cyber-insurance. On the analogy of the coverage regarding health insurance and following an actuarial multistate approach, three levels of damage will be identified with regard to the functionality of the terminal. Two typologies of computer policies are hypothesized: ADC (Activities of Daily Cyber) and GCU (Good Cyber Use). JEL Classifications: G22, G23, I23
Designing of efficient energy harvesting systems for autonomous WSNs using a tier model

Energy harvesting systems (EHSs) are the key to perpetual operation of electronic devices in application areas with bad infrastructure or mobility. Wireless sensor networks (WSNs) are often used in such areas. Normal WSN nodes are powered by batteries. Therefore, the lifetime is limited and the batteries have to be replaced manually after a certain period of time. This problem can be solved by EHSs. They exploit energy sources of the environment and store the harvested energy in energy buffers. The EHS supplies the electronic device and ensures a continuous operation. WSNs can benefit from these developments, because the lifetime can be enhanced dramatically. However, the EHS have to be adapted to the requirements of the application area and of the supplied device. This enhances the overall efficiency of EHS. To be able to do that, the fundamental mode of operation of an EHS has to be well-understood. We introduce a novel tier model for EHSs. It structures the EHS into tiers with special functions. This enhances the design process of an EHS, because tiers can be adapted to each other and the overall efficiency of can be increased. The tier model is applied to RiverMote, a WSN node for in-river water level monitoring. Each node is supplied by solar cells and the energy is stored in double layer capacitors (DLCs). The hardware of the EHS of RiverMote is divided into the tiers of the model. These tiers are adapted to each other carefully. Although no maximum power point tracker has been implemented, it has been shown that the available power of the solar cell is greater than 80 % of the maximum power point if the energy level of the DLCs is between 42 % and 100 %. This result was only possible by a careful design and an adaption of the tiers.
Seed–predator satiation and Janzen–Connell effects vary with spatial scales for seed-feeding insects

Background and Aims The Janzen–Connell model predicts that common species suffer high seed predation from specialized natural enemies as a function of distance from parent trees, and consequently as a function of conspecific density, whereas the predator satiation hypothesis predicts that seed attack is reduced due to predator satiation at high seed densities. Pre-dispersal predation by insects was studied while seeds are still on parent trees, which represents a frequently overlooked stage in which seed predation occurs. Methods Reproductive tree density and seed production were investigated from ten Quercus serrata populations located in south-west China, quantifying density-dependent pre-dispersal seed predation over two years by three insect groups. Key Results Acorn infestation was nearly twice as high in the low-seed year as that in the high-seed year, with considerable spatio-temporal variation in the direction and magnitude of density-dependent pre-dispersal seed predation evident. Across whole populations of trees, a high density of reproductive trees caused predator satiation and reduced insect attack in the high-seed year. Within individual trees, and consistent with the Janzen–Connell model, overall insect seed predation was positively correlated with seed production in the low-seed year. In addition, there was variation among insect taxa, with positive density-dependent seed predation by Curculio weevils in the high-seed year and moths in the low-seed year, but apparent density independence by Cyllorhynchites weevils in both years. Conclusions The overall trend of negative density-dependent, pre-dispersal seed predation suggests that predator satiation limited the occurrence of Janzen–Connell effects across Q. serrata populations. Such effects may have large impacts on plant population dynamics and tree diversity, depending on the extent to which they are reduced by counteracting positive density-dependent predation for seeds on individual trees and other factors affecting successful recruitment.
The effect of social media promotion on academic article uptake

Important emerging measures of academic impact are article download and citation rates. Yet little is known about the influences on these and ways in which academics might manage this approach to dissemination. Three groups of papers by academics in a center for speech‐language‐science (available through a university repository) were compared. The first group of target papers were blogged, and the blogs were systematically tweeted. The second group of connected control papers were nonblogged papers that we carefully matched for author, topic, and year of publication. The third group were papers by different staff members on a variety of topics—Unrelated Control Papers. The results suggest an effect of social media on download rate, which was limited not just to Target Papers but also generalized to Connected Control Papers. Unrelated Control Papers showed no increase over the same amount of time (main effect of time, F(1,27) = 55.6, p < . 001); Significant Group×Time Interaction, F(2,27) = 7.9, p = . 002). The effect on citation rates was less clear but followed the same trend. The only predictor of the 2015 citation rate was downloads after blogging (r = 0.450, p = .012). These preliminary results suggest that promotion of academic articles via social media may enhance download and citation rate and that this has implications for impact strategies.
Kinetic Patterns of Candida albicans Germ Tube Antibody in Critically Ill Patients: Influence on Mortality

ABSTRACT The influence of kinetic patterns of Candida albicans germ tube antibodies (CAGTA) on mortality was analyzed in six intensive care units. Statistically significant lower mortality rates were found in patients with patterns of increasing CAGTA titers who had been treated with antifungal agents. Thus, antifungal treatment should be considered when CAGTA titers are increasing in critically ill patients.
Image matching techniques for vision-based indoor navigation systems: a 3D map-based approach1

In this paper, we give an overview of image matching techniques for various vision-based navigation systems: stereo vision, structure from motion and map-based approach. Focused on map-based approach, which generally uses feature-based matching for mapping and localisation, and based on our early developed system, a performance analysis has been carried out and three major problems have been identified: inadequate geo-referencing and imaging geometry for mapping, vulnerability to drastic viewpoint changes and big percentage of mismatches at positioning. We introduce multi-image matching for mapping. By using affine-scale-invariant feature transform for viewpoint changes, the major improvement takes place on the epoch with large viewpoint changes. In order to deal with mismatches that were unable to be removed by Random Sample Consensus (RANSAC), we propose new method that use cross-correlation information to evaluate the quality of homography model and select the proper one. The conducted experiments have proved that such an approach can reduce the chances of mismatches being included by RANSAC and final positioning accuracy can be improved.
The Effect of Chronic Cadmium Toxicity on Blood Pressure and Plasma Viscosity

Cadmium (Cd) is a heavy metal which affects many systems in humans and animals as a consequence of environmental and industrial pollution. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of chronic Cd toxicity on blood pressure and plasma viscosity. Experimental group rats were given doses that contained 15 ppm CdCl2 in drinking water for 8 weeks. The systolic blood pressure and heart rate were measured from rats’ tails and recorded by plethysmography every two weeks. Blood samples were drawn, Cd levels were determined by atomic absorption spectrophotometer and plasma viscosity values by viscometer. Blood Cd levels were found to be significantly higher in the experimental group compared to the control group (p < 0.001). The whole blood analysis was made by an analyzer. Polymorphonuclear leukocytes and monocytes increased (p < 0.01) and lymphocyte number (p < 0.05) decreased in the experimental group. Viscosity values were 2.21 ± 0.54 and 1.62 ± 0.31 centipoises in the experimental and control groups, respectively (p < 0.001). In the experimental group, changes in systolic blood pressure between weeks were significant (p < 0.001) and were found to be correlated with plasma viscosity (p < 0.001). In the experimental group, changes in heart rate between weeks were significant (p < 0.001). According to our findings, Cd toxicity may lead to an increase in blood pressure by increasing plasma viscosity.
The transcription unit of the Drosophila engrailed locus: an unusually small portion of a 70,000 bp gene.

Transcripts from the engrailed gene of Drosophila melanogaster have been characterized by Northern, S1 nuclease sensitivity, and primer extension analyses. The engrailed gene encodes three poly(A)+ transcripts (3.6 kb, 2.7 kb, and 1.4 kb) that derive from a 3.9‐kb portion of the genome. No other transcribed regions were found up to 16 kb downstream and 48 kb upstream of the engrailed transcription unit, the portion of the genome to which engrailed mutations have been mapped. The structures of the engrailed transcripts are unaffected by lethal engrailed mutations that break the locus at points in the transcriptionally silent regions. Transcripts expressed by 145 kb of DNA that surround the engrailed locus were also identified by Northern analysis. In contrast to the large portion of the engrailed gene that is transcriptionally inactive, most of the surrounding regions are 10‐fold more densely populated with transcripts. We presume that the unusually large silent region at the periphery of the engrailed transcription unit signify the presence of special mechanisms that regulate its expression.
Experimental Estimation of Inductance for Interior Permanent Magnet Synchronous Machine Considering Temperature Distribution

This paper quantitatively analyzes inductance estimation errors due to temperature variation and proposes accurate experimental estimation methods considering the temperature distribution of an interior permanent magnet synchronous machine (IPMSM). Accurate knowledge of direct and quadrature-axis inductances is essential for high-performance control of an IPMSM. From the quantitative error analysis results, it is shown that the temperature variation is a very sensitive factor for the accuracy of the experimental estimation of the inductances. For accurate temperature consideration, two experimental estimation approaches are proposed. One uses the temperature measured at end windings to represent the internal temperature of the machine. The other uses both the measured temperature and other temperature information obtained from a temperature distribution analysis. This paper carries out a case study in which the proposed estimation methods are applied to a sample IPMSM with ferrite magnets. Experimental results are compared with finite element analysis (FEA) results in order to verify the effectiveness of the proposed methods.
Interview. Kickoff looms for demo of brain-controlled machine.

Miguel Nicolelis is known as a pioneer in the field of brain-computer interface, but his latest project is attracting a much broader audience. If all goes according to plan, a paraplegic young person will walk and kick a soccer ball next week at the opening ceremonies of the World Cup in Sao Paulo using an EEG-controlled exoskeleton that Nicolelis and his team designed. The highly publicized project has drawn skepticism, as some colleagues question whether the technology is really a scientific advance, and whether it paints a realistic portrait of neuroprosthetics.
Intra-articular bone marrow concentrate injection protocol: short-term efficacy in osteoarthritis.

AIM Evaluate intra-articular injection of bone marrow concentrate (BMC), followed by platelet-rich plasma (PRP) injection at 8 weeks follow-up in moderate/severe osteoarthritis. DESIGN Single center, retrospective Case Series (n = 125). METHODS Bone marrow was aspirated/concentrated using a standardized technique. Patients received a single intra-articular injection of BMC, with follow-up injection of PRP at 8 weeks. RESULTS Median absolute pain reduction in all joints was five points (71.4%) on visual analog scale. Median patient satisfaction was 9.0/10, while 91.7% indicated that they would repeat the procedure and 94% said that they would recommend the procedure to a friend. CONCLUSION Intra-articular injection of BMC, followed by a PRP injection, can provide short-term benefits in moderate-to-severe osteoarthritis.
In fl uence of optical properties of esthetic brackets ( color , translucence , and fl uorescence ) on visual perception

Introduction: The aims of this study were to evaluate the optical properties of esthetic brackets and determine their influence on visual perception. Methods: Eighty esthetic brackets of 16 commercial brands were tested. The color and translucency of the brackets, as well as the color of the maxillary central incisors of 40 subjects, were measured with a spectrophotometer. The fluorescence of the brackets was determined by duly calibrated appraisers. The color differences between the brands of brackets and the teeth were calculated. Data were analyzed by using 1-way analysis of variance; the Scheff! e multiple comparison test was used to establish the difference between brands of brackets, (a 5 0.05). Results: The color parameters L * a * b * of nontranslucent brackets ranged from 49.4 to 86.0, –1.6 to 3.0, and 1.9 to 14.6, respectively. The direct transmission of light ranged from 0.0% to 38.8% transmittance. No bracket showed fluorescence. The color and translucency, as well as the color difference, of the brackets were influenced by brand (P\0.01). Conclusions: The optical properties of esthetic brackets have a direct influence on visual perception; translucent brackets and the nontranslucent InVu (TP Orthodontics, LaPorte, Ind) brackets were less visually perceptible. (Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop 2012;141:460-7)
Reshaping, path uncertainty, and superluminal traveling.

It is shown that when the wave packet of a photon passes through a region where more than one path mode can be chosen, the interference between these modes of the probability waves of the photon causes a reshaping process of the wave packet. In some conditions this reshaping gives rise to an apparent superluminal traveling, as observed by Steinberg, Kwiat, and Chiao [Phys. Rev. Lett. 71, 708 (1993)]. The present model also leads to some predictions that can be tested experimentally.
Design and analysis of full-chip HV ESD protection in BCD30V for mixed-signal ICs

We report design and analysis of full-chip ESD protection solution for high-voltage (HV) mixed-signal ICs in a BCD30V technology by mixed-mode ESD simulation involving integrated process, device, circuit and layout co-design. The full-chip HV ESD protection scheme includes both I/O and power clamp ESD protection. Mixed-mode ESD simulation technique enables pre-Si ESD design optimization and prediction. ESD measurements confirm full-chip HV ESD protection of >4.5KV for the whole chip. This design technique can be applied to practical full-chip HV ESD protection circuit design for mixed-signal ICs in various HV BCD technologies.
[The expression and regulation of heme oxygenase-1 in asthmatic guinea pigs].

OBJECTIVE To explore the expression and pathogenic mechanism of heme oxygenase-1(HO-1) in asthma. METHODS Two groups of guinea pigs (10 in each) were treated with the specific stimulator(hemin) and inhibitor(Sn-PP) of HO-1 respectively. Their effects on the levels of HO-1 activity, COHb, cGMP and IgE in serum or blood and lung tissues were compared with each other. Acute asthmatic group (AAG), dexamethasone-prevented group(DPG), stable asthmatic group, ovalbumin-sensitized group and normal control group(NCG) were also included. Lung tissues of tested animals were pathologically observed and immunohistochemically stained. RESULTS In the AAG and hemin stimulated group, the levels of COHb, cGMP and IgE were significantly increased with higher levels of activity and expression of HO-1 protein compared with the NCG (t = 4.575-10.188, P < 0.01). In DPG and Sn-PP inhibited groups, however, all measured parameters were markedly reduced compared with the AAG(P < 0.01). The other groups were normal. CONCLUSIONS The increased production and activity of HO-1 resulted in increases of endogenous CO and cGMP and promoted inflammation and immunoreaction in asthma.