Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Quantum Biology: An Update and Perspective

Understanding the rules of life is one of the most important scientific endeavours and has revolutionised both biology and biotechnology. Remarkable advances in observation techniques allow us to investigate a broad range of complex and dynamic biological processes in which living systems could exploit quantum behaviour to enhance and regulate biological functions. Recent evidence suggests that these non-trivial quantum mechanical effects may play a crucial role in maintaining the non-equilibrium state of biomolecular systems. Quantum biology is the study of such quantum aspects of living systems. In this review, we summarise the latest progress in quantum biology, including the areas of enzyme-catalysed reactions, photosynthesis, spin-dependent reactions, DNA, fluorescent proteins, and ion channels. Many of these results are expected to be fundamental building blocks towards understanding the rules of life.
GANODERMA LUCIDUM: A TRADITIONAL CHINESE MEDICINE USED FOR CURING TUMORS

Ganoderma lucidum is generally called “Lingzhi or Reishi”, and also be a Traditional Chinese medicine utilized in over 2000 y for their better therapeutic activity like antitumor, antiallergenic, antiviral, hepatoprotective, antioxidant, hypotensive, immunomodulator, hypoglycemic, anti-inflammatory, antithrombotic, antibacterial and many other health benefits. Ganoderma lucidum is one of the oldest herbal remedy found and grow in wide variety parts on deciduous trees (dead/dying tree) specifically in oak, pyrus, maple, elm, willow, sweetgum, magnolia, locust, acer, betula, castanea, coryolus, fagus, populus, plums and other plants species. It also be contains 400 major bioactive chemical constituents include polysaccharides, triterpenoids, polysaccharide-peptide complex, β-glucans, lectins, natural germanium (Ge), adenosine, phenols, steroids, amino acids, lignin, vitamins, nucleotides or nucleosides possesses specific curative properties and formed a wide variety of viable products from Ganoderma fruiting bodies, mycelia, spores i.e. coffee, powder, dietary enhancements, tea, spore items, drinks, syrups, toothpastes, cleansers or creams. Many in vitro or in vivo analyses with regards Ganoderma lucidum evidenced their antitumor activity but some conducted clinical studies are questionable and remains undefined for their antitumor effect. Though, we reviewed and summarized in this article about treatment and various pharmacological mechanism against tumor with respect to extract (polysaccharide and triterpenoid) of Ganoderma lucidum.
Exploratory Comparative Effectiveness Trial of Green Kiwifruit, Psyllium, or Prunes in US Patients With Chronic Constipation

INTRODUCTION: Psyllium and prunes are proven treatments for chronic constipation (CC). Asian studies suggest that kiwifruit may also benefit CC symptoms. We report a partially randomized, comparative effectiveness trial evaluating kiwifruit, psyllium, and prunes in US patients with CC. METHODS: Adults with CC at a US medical center were randomized to 3 natural treatments. Eligible patients had ≤3 complete spontaneous bowel movements (CSBMs) per week and were partially randomized to green kiwifruit (2/d), prunes (100 g/d), or psyllium (12 g/d) for 4 weeks. The primary endpoint was the proportion of patients in each group reporting an increase of ≥1 CSBM per week compared with baseline for at least 2 of 4 treatment weeks. Key secondary outcomes included stool frequency, stool consistency, and straining assessed daily. Treatment satisfaction and adverse events (AEs) were also measured. Standard statistical methods were used, and a P < 0.05 was considered significant. RESULTS: Seventy-nine patients with CC (mean age = 42.7 years, 87% female, and 77% white) were partially randomized. Complete data were available for 75 patients (kiwifruit 29, prunes 24, and psyllium 22). For the primary endpoint, proportions of CSBM responders were similar for the treatments. For secondary outcomes comparing treatment weeks 3 and 4 to baseline, there was a significant increase in weekly CSBM rate with all 3 treatments (P ≤ 0.003); stool consistency significantly improved with kiwifruit (P = 0.01) and prunes (P = 0.049); and straining significantly improved with kiwifruit (P = 0.003), prunes (P < 0.001), and psyllium (P = 0.04). Patients randomized to the kiwifruit group reported significant improvement in bloating scores (P = 0.02). AEs were most common with psyllium and least common with kiwifruit. At the end of treatment, a smaller proportion of patients were dissatisfied with kiwifruit compared with prunes or psyllium (P = 0.02). DISCUSSION: Kiwifruit, prunes, and psyllium improve constipation symptoms in patients with CC. Kiwifruit was associated with the lowest rate of AEs and dissatisfaction with therapy.
Mapping Stress and Fluids on Faults by Nonshear Earthquakes

Fluids on faults facilitate triggering of earthquakes and affect seismic energy release. Their detection in the focal zone is, however, difficult. Here, we present mapping of stress changes and fluid flow based on determining seismic moment tensors (MTs), which describe focal mechanisms and shear/tensile/compressive fracturing modes of earthquake sources. We calculate highly accurate MTs of 4,500 microearthquakes that occurred in the West Bohemia swarm region in the period of 2008–2018. The extent and quality of the moment tensor data are unique and allow us to study detailed behavior of the nondouble‐couple (nonDC) components of MTs along the fault. The nonDC components were mostly zero or negative and indicated shear/compressive fracturing. However, also a patch with positive nonDC components, indicating tensile fracturing, was revealed. The inversion for stress and modeling of the Coulomb stress change confirmed that this patch is under anomalous stress conditions. Tensile fractures in the patch were opened due to interaction of tensile fault steps and filled by overpressurized fluids. Hence, evaluating nonDC components of earthquakes might help for tracing stress variations and fault interactions, identifying pathways of fluids and locating areas with overpressure prone to being activated.
In vivo Messung der Schultergelenkbelastung mit Hilfe instrumentierter Endoprothesen

Dissertation Peter Westerhoff IV Abstract Content of this thesis is the in vivo measurement of shoulder joint contact loads. For this purpose an instrumented shoulder implant was developed. Eight of these devices were implanted in 8 patients. Because of the individual different functional outcome, not all patients could take part in all studies. The results of particulat topics are published or submitted as scientific papers to international peerreviewed journals. In general the highest should joint loads of more than 200 percentage of Bodyweight (%BW) were measured in strong and athletic patients with a good muscular constitution during maximum voluntary muscle contractions. Also high loads occurred whenever the patients moved the straight arm with an external weight and a long lever arm. The load direction during these high demanding tasks was very constant throughout the motion. Similar effects were also seen in studies measuring the hip [1] and knee joint load [2]. One patient was even able to do push-ups. Unfortunately the maximum measurement range of the implant was exceeded during this exercise with a combination of high axial forces (more than 240%BW) together with bending moments of more than 9Nm. Reason for the measured moments could be friction on the one hand, but also an eccentric shift of the resultant force caused by additional points of load application for example. These points could be the acromion or the processus coracoideus. In previous model calculations of shoulder joint loads, bending and torsional moments were mostly not taken into account at all. After measuring these moments in vivo, modeling of the shoulder joint as a frictionless ball and socket joint seems not to be appropriate, at least in case of a endoprosthetic replacement. To further investigate the reasons for the measured moments fluoroscopic measurements are planned for the future. However, the biggest issue regarding shoulder implants is still the glenoid component. Therefore, combined in vivo measurements and motion analysis were done with the group of Prof. Frans van der Helm in the Netherlands to convert the measured humeral loads on to the glenoid.
Polyethylene Terephthalate-Based Materials for Lithium-Ion Battery Separator Applications: A Review Based on Knowledge Domain Analysis

As the key material of lithium battery, separator plays an important role in isolating electrons, preventing direct contact between anode and cathode, and allowing free passage of lithium ions in the electrolyte. Polyethylene terephthalate (PET) has excellent mechanical, thermodynamic, and electrical insulation properties. This review aims to identify the research progress and development trends of PET-based material for separator application. We retrieved published papers (2004–2019) from the Scientific Citation Index Expanded (SCIE) database of the WoS with a topic search related to PET-based material for separator application. The research progress and development trends were analyzed based on the CiteSpace software of text mining and visualization.
Surface tension problems with

A formulation based on the principle of virtual work for the determination of equilibrium crystal shapes is presented. The surface tension at the interface between material phases is non-constant depending on the interface orientation. The non-constancy of the surface tension means that for interface equilibrium certain distributed torque must act on the interface. When the distributed torque has jumps in its value, edges can emerge on the interface surface. The corresponding jump conditions at the edges are derived. The presentation is mainly limited to two dimensions but the formulation can be extended rather straightforwardly also to three dimensions. A discrete formulation employing a line segment model is applied to a demonstration example having analytical solution. Further, the demonstration example with edges shows that the jump conditions are satisfied.
Design, Modelling, and Experimental Validation of a Scalable Continuous-Flow Hydrothermal Liquefaction Pilot Plant

In this study, the design and practical implementation of a novel, scalable plug-flow pilot plant for hydrothermal liquefaction of organic feedstock is presented. The overall discussion comprises the system’s design, process modelling, and simulation, as well as results for an experimental validation of the proposed design with a focus on fluid dynamics and heat transfer. The design criteria take into account the scalability of the plug-flow processing system, optimized non-isothermal flow conditions of highly viscous liquids in a tubular system at harsh process conditions, specifically high pressure and medium temperatures, and overall maintenance suitability. A novel forced flow oscillation system as well as unique heat exchange design to reduce the energy consumption during system operation, maximize local flow mixing, and minimize plugging are proposed and experimentally tested. To achieve a better understanding and optimization of Hydrothermal Liquefaction (HTL) (and other) processing systems, a mathematical model of heat transfer coupled with non-isothermal fluid flow was also developed and implemented.
“Big results require big ambitions”: big data, data analytics and accounting in masters courses

Purpose Accounting education is re-inventing itself as technology impacts the practical aspects of accounting in the real world and education tries to keep up. Big Data and data analytics have begun to influence elements of accounting including audit, accounting preparation, forensic accounting and general accountancy consulting. The purpose of this paper is to qualitatively analyse the current skills provision in accounting Masters courses linked to data analytics compared to academic and professional expectations of the same. Design/methodology/approach The academic expectations and requirements of the profession, related to the impact of Big Data and data analytics on accounting education were reviewed and compared to the current provisions of this accounting education in the form of Masters programmes. The research uses an exploratory, qualitative approach with thematic analysis. Findings Four themes were identified of the skills required for the effective use of Big Data and data analytics. These were: questioning and scepticism; critical thinking skills; understanding and ability to analyse and communicating results. Questioning and scepticism, as well as understanding and ability to analyse, were frequently cited explicitly as elements for assessment in various forms of accounting education in the Masters courses. However, critical thinking and communication skills were less explicitly cited in these accounting education programmes. Research limitations/implications The research reviewed and compared current academic literature and the requirements of the professional accounting bodies with Masters programmes in accounting and data analytics. The research identified key themes relevant to the accounting profession that should be explicitly developed and assessed within accounting education for Big Data and data analytics at both university and professional levels. Further analysis of the in-depth curricula, as opposed to the explicitly stated topic coverage, could add to this body of research. Practical implications This paper considers the potential combined role of professional qualification examinations and master’s degrees in skills provision for future practitioners in accounting and data analysis. This can be used to identify the areas in which accounting education can be further enhanced by focus or explicit mention of skills that are both developed and assessed within these programmes. Social implications The paper considers the interaction between academic and professional practice in the areas of accounting education, highlighting skills and areas for development for students currently considering accounting education and data analytics. Originality/value While current literature focusses on integrating data analysis into existing accounting and finance curricula, this paper considers the role of professional qualification examinations with Masters degrees as skills provision for future practitioners in accounting and data analysis.
Face image profiles features extraction for recognition systems

The object of research is the algorithm of piecewise linear approximation when applying it to the selection of facial features and compression of its images. One of the problem areas is to obtain the optimal ratio of the degree of compression and accuracy of image reproduction, as well as the accuracy of the obtained facial features, which can be used to search for people in databases. The main characteristics of the image of the face are the coordinates and size of the eyes, mouth, nose and other objects of attention. Dimensions, distances between them, as well as their relationship also form a set of characteristics. A piecewise linear approximation algorithm is used to identify and determine these features. First, it is used to approximate the image of the face to obtain a graph of the silhouette from right to left and, secondly, to approximate fragments of the face to obtain silhouettes of the face from top to bottom. The purpose of the next stage is to implement multilevel segmentation of the approximated images to cover them with rectangles of different intensity. Due to their shape they are called barcodes. These three stages of the algorithm the faces are represented by two barcode images are vertical and horizontal. This material is used to calculate facial features. The medium intensity function in a row or column is used to form an approximation object and as a tool to measure the values of facial image characteristics. Additionally, the widths of barcodes and the distances between them are calculated. Experimental results with faces from known databases are presented. A piecewise linear approximation is used to compress facial images. Experiments have shown how the accuracy of the approximation changes with the degree of compression of the image. The method has a linear complexity of the algorithm from the number of pixels in the image, which allows its testing for large data. Finding the coordinates of a synchronized object, such as the eyes, allows calculating all the distances between the objects of attention on the face in relative form. The developed software has control parameters for conducting research.
Investigating the Development of Distinctive Subauroral Flow Channels During the November 7–8, 2004 Superstorm

We investigate the development of large (∼3,000 m/s) subauroral flows occurring during the November 7–8, 2004 Superstorm by utilizing multisatellite and multiinstrument measurements from the Magnetosphere (M), topside Ionosphere (I), and Thermosphere (T). We present eight scenarios (Sc‐1–Sc‐8) depicting the development of large SubAuroral Polarization Streams (SAPS) in the initial phase (Sc‐1–Sc‐3) and recovery phase (Sc‐5), and structured SAPS (Sc‐4, Sc‐6–Sc‐7) and Double‐peak SubAuroral Ion Drifts (DSAID) in the recovery phase (Sc‐8). Magnetospheric observations reveal dayside magnetopause reconnection increasing both the magnetospheric convection electric field and the large‐scale Field‐Aligned Currents (FACs), long‐lasting (∼5 h) secondary dipolarizations during the initial phase, and a series of dipolarization events during the recovery phase. Ionospheric observations reveal the development of these large subauroral flows (i) during forward and reverse plasma convections—when the topside ionosphere received earthward energy from the magnetosphere and when the diversion of cross‐tail currents in the stretched magnetotail activated the Substorm Current Wedge (SCW)—and (ii) in a short‐circuited system that acted as a voltage generator. Thermospheric observations reveal earthward energy deposition from the ionosphere that drove wind surges—implying the presence of Atmospheric Gravity Waves (AGWs) and Traveling Ionospheric Disturbances (TIDs)—propagating equatorward/poleward and passing through the trough region, and further enhancing the subauroral flows by deepening the trough. From these results we conclude that the strong M‐I‐T coupling occurring under superstorm conditions played a significant role in the enhancement of the subauroral flows investigated.
Rinsing Condition Optimization of the Membrane Fouled by Yeast Suspension

In order to sufficiently study the effects of stirring speed and temperature on the membrane flux, the flux recovery rate (FRR) and model parameters (k1, k2, k3 and Ri ) of the PAN membrane (200kDa) fouled by yeast suspension, a series of rinsing experiments were carried out. Meanwhile, the instantaneous membrane flux was predicted by the rinsing model and corresponding regression equation of model parameters was obtained. The result indicated that the model shows a good agreement (R 2>0.9700) and the temperature has a more significant effect on FRR and model parameters (k1, k2, k3 and Ri ). FRR increased from 58.40% to 99.41% when the temperature increase from 25°C to 55°C (the rate constant of dissolution increased from 0.00371 m−1 to 0.00531 m−1) while it only increased from 55.67% to 67.50% when the stirring speed increases from 200 rpm to 800 rpm (the rate constant of dissolution increased from 0.00366 m−1 to 0.00456 m−1). In addition, the rinsing condition can be optimized by the combination of the prediction model of flux (equation (1)) and the regression equation (equation (2)) to obtain the optimal cleaning condition.
4D Building Reconstruction with Machine Learning and Historical Maps

The increasing importance of three-dimensional (3D) city modelling is linked to these data’s different applications and advantages in many domains. Images and Light Detection and Ranging (LiDAR) data availability are now an evident and unavoidable prerequisite, not always verified for past scenarios. Indeed, historical maps are often the only source of information when dealing with historical scenarios or multi-temporal (4D) digital representations. The paper presents a methodology to derive 4D building models in the level of detail 1 (LoD1), inferring missing height information through machine learning techniques. The aim is to realise 4D LoD1 buildings for geospatial analyses and visualisation, valorising historical data, and urban studies. Several machine learning regression techniques are analysed and employed for deriving missing height data from digitised multi-temporal maps. The implemented method relies on geometric, neighbours, and categorical attributes for height prediction. Derived elevation data are then used for 4D building reconstructions, offering multi-temporal versions of the considered urban scenarios. Various evaluation metrics are also presented for tackling the common issue of lack of ground-truth information within historical data.
Indonesian Sign Language Recognition using YOLO Method

Sign language is a form of communication commonly used by people with hearing impairment or people with speech impediments. Not all ordinary people understand the language. The translation of sign language into the alphabet/text automatically will facilitate the communication of the deaf with ordinary people. This research aims to develop a sign language recognition system that can process input from video data using You Only Look Once (YOLO) in real-time. YOLO is an object detection method based on Convolutional Neural Network (CNN), which is accurate and fast. Retraining the Yolov3 pre-trained model is performed with adjustments to the number of channels and classes according to the sign language recognition requirement. In this research, we collect datasets independently based on the Indonesian Sign Language (BISINDO). In the experiment using image data, the system achieves 100% precision, recall, accuracy, and F1 score. While using video data, the system’s performance gets precision 77.14%, recall 93.1%, accuracy 72.97%, and F1 score 84.38%, with a speed of 8 fps.
Aspectos qualitativos da forma urbana e uso do espaço público: análise de praças do Bairro Centro de Teresina (PI)

Este trabalho analisa duas praças do Centro da cidade de Teresina (PI): Praça João Luís Ferreira e Praça Da Costa e Silva. São observados aspectos físico-ambientais que possibilitam inferir a qualidade ambiental urbana (Santos; Hardt, 2013) destes espaços e as suas implicações para o uso pela população. A fundamentação teórica apresenta os conceitos de sustentabilidade e qualidade ambiental urbana, espaços livres, áreas verdes urbanas e apropriação do espaço. Foram selecionados para o estudo os indicadores: arborização, sombreamento, gabaritos, dimensões do espaço, mobiliário urbano, uso do solo, acessos e fechamentos. Objetiva-se compreender em que medida os aspectos observados interferem na qualidade e na apropriação dos espaços. A análise demonstra que a apropriação possui maior relação com aspectos de uso do solo em detrimento aos de conforto ambiental. O trabalho contribui à discussão de como aspectos físico-ambientais interferem na qualidade de espaços públicos e a sua resultante à vitalidade das cidades.