Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Bioactivity of cardanol against the rust red flour beetle, Tribolium castaneum (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae)

Cashew nut shell liquid (CNSL) is an economically important by-product obtained from the cashew nut Anacardium occidentale L. The liquid has been found to be versatile with a wide range of uses, including as a raw material in the polymer industry, in the development of drugs (antioxidants) and in pest control. One important chemical component of CNSL known for its bioactivity is cardanol. We isolated (8Z,11Z )-3-(8,11,14- pentadecatrienyl)phenol, a cardanol from CNSL, and determined its insecticidal and progeny growth and development inhibition activities against Tribolium castaneum Hebst. We used a bioassay-guided approach for the isolation. Exposure to cardanol produced 80% mortality of adult T. castaneum in the insecticidal bioassay. In the progeny growth and development inhibition bioassay, 46.7% of larvae were killed, and only 20.7% of adults emerged without deformities after the cardanol treatment. The amount of isolated cardanol from the 1 g equivalent/ml extracted CNSL was found to be 36.55 mg with LC50 value of 47.88 mg/ml and 13.28 mg/ml against adult T. castaneum and its larvae, respectively. We conclude that cardanol can potentially be useful in managing stored product insect pests, especially T. castaneum, but with the prerequisite that one should take much care when handling and when applying the compound.
Expectativas de especialización profesional en estudiantes de odontología: Revisión de literatura

El desarrollo profesional continuo se ha convertido en un objetivo comun a todas las profesiones y la odontologia no es una excepcion, siendo las especialidades odontologicas las que representan el camino mas importante para este desarrollo. La eleccion de la especialidad tiene fuertes implicancias no solo para el profesional o las comunidades educativas y cientificas, sino tambien para la salud publica de los paises. Por este motivo, es relevante conocer que elementos intervienen en el proceso de eleccion de la especialidad. El objetivo de este articulo es hacer una revision de los factores y evolucion de las preferencias de especializacion entre los estudiantes de odontologia, reportados en la literatura internacional reciente. Existen diversos motivos que influencian la decision de especializarse y la eleccion de la especialidad, entre ellos se encuentran: estabilidad financiera y retribucion economica, realizacion e intereses personales, reconocimiento social o “status”, experiencia profesional, altruismo y carga de deuda de los estudiantes. Sin embargo, el peso de cada uno de estos factores es variable entre los distintos paises e incluso al interior de estos. En America Latina con excepcion de Brasil, la investigacion en esta area ha sido escasa. Esto dificulta la generacion de politicas para la formacion de recursos humanos especializados en odontologia que satisfagan las necesidades de la poblacion. Por tanto, es necesario desarrollar investigacion que permita comprender de mejor manera la eleccion de la especialidad de los actuales y futuros dentistas en la realidad de cada pais o region.
A resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging study of regional brain functioning in patients with major depressive disorder

Objective Using resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) and coherence-based regional homogeneity (Cohe-ReHo) to explore regional brain functioning in patients with major depressive disorder (MDD). Methods A total of 36 subjects, including 18 first-episode, treatment-naive patients with MDD matched with 18 healthy controls completed the fMRI scans. A recently validated approach Cohe-ReHo was used for the analysis of imaging data. Two-sample t-test was used to compare the ReHo maps between patients and controls. The statistical significance was determined with a corrected P<0.05. The correlation analyses were performed between the mean ReHo values in regions showing ReHo changes and severity of depressive symptoms assessed by the 17-item Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HDRS). Results Compared with controls, MDD patients showed decreased Cohe-ReHo in the right dorsal anterior cingulate gyrus(t=-3.498，P<0.05), right middle temporal gyrus(t=-3.454，P<0.05), and right inferior parietal lobule(t=-4.285，P<0.05) but increased Cohe-ReHo in the left dorsal medial prefrontal cortex(t=3.339，P<0.05), left fusiform gyrus(t=3.881，P<0.05), and left cerebellum (t=3.167，P<0.05). A significant positive correlation was observed between ReHo value of the left fusiform gyrus and anxiety factor of HDRS (r=0.54,P<0.05). Conclusion Patients with MDD possibly have altered regional brain function in brain areas distributed over the prefrontal lobe, anterior cingulate gyrus, temporal lobe, parietal lobe, and cerebellum. Regional functional alteration in these regions may be associated with the disturbance of cognition and emotion related neural networks seen in MDD such as cortical-limbic and prefrontal-cerebellar loops. Key words: Depressive disorder; Resting state; Brain function
Hochrisikokonstellation für Brustkrebs

Der «Angelina-Effekt» – die prophylaktische Mastektomie bei der Schauspielerin Angelina Jolie – hat zu einer grossen Sensibilisierung der Bevolkerung fur die Lebenssituation von Frauen mit genetisch be- dingtem Hochrisiko fur Brustkrebs gefuhrt. Der folgende Artikel resumiert den heutigen Wissensstand zum Erkrankungsrisiko und zum Vorgehen in der genetischen Beratung, der Testung und der Prophylaxe bei familiar gehauftem Brustkrebs.
The construction and assessment of the course "the skills for communicating with patients"

The doctor-patient communication is the core of clinical practice,the course construction of skills for communicating with patients,is widely recognized and supported by the clinical teachers and medical students in PUHSC.Meanwhile,with OSCE,we could find that the skills are still relatively weak,although the medical students have finished their internship.In near future,we would make the course systematized,serialized,and more teachers training for better teaching and learning. Key words: Medical students; Skills for communicating with patients; Course construction; Assessment
A new family of neural wiring receptors across bilaterians defined by phylogenetic, biochemical and structural evidence

The evolution of complex nervous systems was accompanied by the expansion of groups of protein families, most notably cell adhesion molecules, surface receptors and their ligands. These proteins mediate axonal guidance, synapse targeting, and other neuronal wiring-related functions. Recently, members of a set of thirty interacting cell surface proteins belonging to two newly defined families of the immunoglobulin superfamily (IgSF) in fruit flies were discovered to label different subsets of neurons in the brain and ventral nerve cord. They have been shown to be involved in synaptic targeting and morphogenesis, retrograde signaling, and neuronal survival. Here we show that these proteins, denoted as Dprs and DIPs, belong to a family of two and three-Ig domain molecules in bilaterians generally known for neuronal wiring functions. In protostomes, the ancestral Dpr/DIP gene has duplicated to form heterophilic partners, such as Dprs and DIPs, while in deuterostomes, they have evolved to create the IgLON family of neuronal receptors. In support of this phylogeny, we show that IgLONs interact with each other, and that their complexes can be broken by mutations designed using homology models based on Dpr and DIP structures. Similarly, the nematode orthologs ZIG-8 and RIG-5 can form heterophilic and homophilic complexes structurally matching Dpr-DIP and DIP-DIP complexes. The evolutionary, biochemical and structural relationships we demonstrate here provides insights into neural development and the rise of complexity in metazoans. Significance Statement Cell surface receptors assign and display unique identities to neurons, and direct proper and robust wiring of neurons to create functional neural circuits. Recent work has identified two new classes of receptors in fruit flies, called the Dpr and DIP families with 30 members, which interact in 38 pairwise combinations. These proteins are implicated in neural identity, wiring and survival in many parts of the fly nervous system. Here, using evolutionary, biochemical and structural evidence, we show that Dprs and DIPs are members of an ancient bilaterian family of receptors. Members of this family share functional roles relevant to wiring across species, and are likely crucial in the emergence of the bilaterian nervous systems common to vertebrate and invertebrate animals.
Les billes magnétiques comme capteurs de force : application à la pression de croissance de filaments d'actine

Superparamagnetic colloids are used in many studies to apply a force or a torque on biological systems such as cells or DNA molecules. The physical process by which magnetization appears in those beads, allowing them to exert forces, is still poorly understood. In a first part, with an original experimental setup based on optical anisotropy measurements, we show that the apparently magnetically isotropic beads can orient themselves in a magnetic field. Equilibrium and out of equilibrium measurements allowed to develop a model explaining how a few big grains in the beads are responsible for the whole coupling. The robustness of this model lies in its generalization to several sizes of beads and its consistency with the properties of the ferrofluid used to make them. In a second part, the reaction of a few actin filaments to the pressure applied by superparamagnetic colloids is studied. This setup represents a direct way to probe the physical mechanism underlying the production of force by actin filaments polymerization in cellular motility. Controlling the filaments' organization allows to study two ideal ideal situations. We experimentally show that in the former situation the polymerization velocity is independent of the applied force. This is no longer true in the latter situation where the filaments are verys tiff. Thus, we experimentally show for the first time the effect of force on actin filaments polymerization. A Brownian ratchet based numerical model with no load sharing can describe the production of force in that case.
Toxicity Testing of Bensulfuron-Methylto Anabaena azotica

In order to determinate the effect of 10% bensulfuron-methyl wet table powder on growth effects, photosynthetic pigments and antioxidant enzymes activity of Anabaena azotica, a new test of Bensulfuron-methyl to Anabaena azotica based on spectrophotometric method is provided in this paper. The testing results indicate that 10% bensulfuron-methyl in high concentrations (1 mg/l and 10 mg/l) significantly inhibit the growth and photosynthetic pigments of A.azotica, and the change of antioxidant enzyme activity was obvious. Low-dose bensulfuron-methyl application (< 0.1 mg/1)enables growth of A.azotica as biofertilizer, and its growth rates exhibited wave patterns of different magnitudes.
Characterization of Escherichia coli Isolated from Day-old Chicken Fluff in Taiwanese Hatcheries

SUMMARY. Avian colibacillosis resulting from avian pathogenic Escherichia coli (APEC) seriously disrupts poultry production. Hatcheries are the main source of chickens for commercial farms. To characterize the potential pathogenicity of E. coli strains isolated from hatcheries, 2344 fluff samples from 1-day-old chickens were collected from hatching incubators between October 2016 and November 2017. Among the hatcheries, the incidence of E. coli varied from 0% to 16.9%, with an overall incidence of 2.0%. High incidences reflected inadequate sanitation in some hatcheries. We also compared 20 clinically isolated APEC strains with fluff-originated E. coli in terms of existence of 10 virulence-associated genes (VAGs) and antimicrobial-resistance genes, and antimicrobial resistance using minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values. Our results showed that APEC more-frequently possessed most of the assessed VAGs (papC, astA, cvaC, hlyF, fyuA, iroN, iutA, iss, and ompT), suggesting that fluff-originated E. coli is less likely to cause avian colibacillosis. However, fluff-originated E. coli more-frequently expressed the adhesion gene fimC, which could confer higher upper respiratory tract adhesion. Both APEC and fluff-originated E. coli demonstrated multidrug resistance including 100% resistance to ampicillin, amoxicillin, cephalexin, florfenicol, and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole. Based on median MIC values, fluff-originated E. coli was more susceptible to antibiotics. However, resistance-gene existence did not significantly differ between groups, suggesting that fluff-originated E. coli should still be a public health concern. Molecular subtyping with XbaI-digested pulsed-field gel electrophoresis revealed that only a few strains showed identical patterns, indicating that a variety of contamination sources were present within individual hatcheries. Identical strains within the same hatchery may indicate vertical transmission from parent flocks. Overall, this is the first study to characterize fluff-originated E. coli. Our results suggest that it has lower pathogenicity than APEC and that thorough sanitation should be performed to reduce the occurrence of fluff-originated E. coli in hatcheries.
How Can Molecular Pharmacology Help Understand the Multiple Actions of Melatonin: 20 Years of Research and Trends

Melatonin actions are so numerous that a naive reader might become suspicious at such wonders. In a systematic way, we would like to summarize the various approaches that led to what is scientifically sounded in terms of molecular pharmacology: where and how melatonin is acting as a molecule, what can be its action as an antioxidant per se, and its side effects at a molecular level not as a drug or in vivo. Finally, the nature of the relationship between melatonin and mitochondria should be decrypted as well. The road we took from 1987 up to now, and particularly after 1995, will be mentioned with special considerations to the receptors from various species and our goals beyond that; the synthesis and catabolism of melatonin and their link to other enzymes; the discovery of the MT 3 binding sites, and what’s left to understand on this particularly interesting target; and the search for agonists that occulted part of the potential discovery of true and potent antagonists, a situation quite unique among the G-protein-coupled receptors. melatonin and propylthiouracil against lipid peroxidation caused by nitrobenzene in
Augmented tumor accumulation and photothermal ablation using gold nanoparticles with a particular cellular entry orientation

Gold nanoparticles with various functionalities have served as potential tools in nanotechnology for tumor ablation. In this work, we seek to design and develop gold nanoparticle with poly(ethylene glycol)-containing dopamine (hereafter termed as AuND), and to synthesize the AuND with one-sided Tat peptide expression (OT@AuND). We demonstrate the tumor cell-targeting ability on the basis of anti-nonspecific cell binding of OT@AuND and determine how the chemically modified gold nanoparticle–based product affects photothermal tumor therapy in vitro and in vivo. The OT@AuND with a particular cellular entry orientation–induced delayed endocytosis, which is advantageous for enhanced permeability and retention effect-based tumor accumulation. This is because the slower cellular interaction of OT@AuND allows it to have the time to be transported to and bind to the tumor site. In tumor cell lines, OT@AuND showed a lower cellular uptake than gold nanoparticles with full-sided Tat peptide expression (FT@AuND) in the early period (after its in vitro and in vivo administration), but the cellular internalization rate of OT@AuND caught up with that of FT@AuND in the late period. Importantly, the delayed cellular internalization feature of OT@AuND resulted in efficient tumor accumulation in tumor-bearing mice, because the time interval provided OT@AuND more chances not to bind to any cells, but to enter tumor cells, leading to selective photothermal tumor ablation. These data suggest that gold nanoparticles with a particular cellular entry orientation can be further explored as a potential photothermal therapeutic agent and as a strategy to treat tumors.
The relationship between interictal epileptic discharges and sleep cycle of 240 epilepsy patients

Objective The poor sleep quality of epileptic patients may be partly due to the occurrence epileptiform discharges (EDs). We observed the number of interictal discharges in each sleep stage and explored the associations between EDs and sleep phases in epilepsy patients. Methods Two hundred and forty epileptic patients and 213 healthy volunteers were enrolled in the current study. For all subjects, video-electroencephalogram monitoring and 24 h-night polysomnography were conducted to detect EDs and analyze the sleep structures. Results EDs were detected in 88.7%（213/240） of epilepsy patients with the most frequent cases from the temporal lobe. The EDs detected during waking, sleeping, or both waking and non-rapid eye movement (NREM) sleep stage accounted for 20.6%（44/213）, 40.4%（86/213）, and 38.9%（83/213） of the total patients, respectively. The total sleep time and time spent in REM were similar between the epileptic patients and healthy volunteers. However, epileptic patients spent a significantly longer mean sleep time in NREMⅠ—Ⅱ（(304±39） min versus （225±29） min, t= 3.51, P=0.000） and less in NREM Ⅲ—Ⅳ（(49±7) min versus（133±17） min, t=2.30, P=0.000） than healthy volunteers. Furthermore, asymmetric sleep spindles and fragmentary sleep structure as well as high inversion frequency were found in epilepsy patients, respectively. Conclusion Combination of long-term video electroencephalogram with polysomnography is a useful method to analyze associations between EDs and the sleep-wake cycle. This strategy can also help identify the nature of sleep disorders in epileptic patients, which may improve the treatment efficacy. Key words: Epilepsy; Sleep stages; Polysomnography; Sleep disorders
PENINGKATAN JUMLAH SEL KUPFFER DI JARINGAN LIVER SETELAH PEMBERIAN MADU PADA MENCIT (Mus musculus galur BALB/C) DENGAN MALNUTRISI

Deficiency in protein, energy, vitamin, and mineral can lead to impairment of immune system including B cells and phagocytic function. Kupffer cell is derived from monocyte and roles as mononuclear phagocytosis in liver. Honeybee has a lot of benefits in immune system. The aim was to study alteration in the number of Kupffer cells in mice liver after honey supplementation. Twenty five mice (Mus musculus strain BALB/C) were divided into 5 groups. Group 1 was fed with standard diet for 5 days. Group 2, 3, 4, and 5 were not fed for 5 days to build malnutrition. At sixth day, group 1 and 2 were sacrificed, while group 3 was fed with standard diet and honey, group 4 was fed with honey, and group 5 was fed with standard diet. At eleventh day, group 3, 4, and 5 were sacrificed. Liver tissue was proceed and stained with Haematoxyllin-Eosin. Kupffer cells were counted with light microscope in magnification 400x. Data were analyzed with one way ANOVA (significance p<0.05). The mean number of Kupffer cells were (21.43±6.19) in group 1, (16.43±4.70) in group 2, (24.68±8.32) in group 3, (30.12±4.66) in group 4, and (29.60±5.64) in group 5. There was significant increase in number of Kupffer cell between group 2 as malnutrition model with group 3 (p=0.043), group 4 (p=0.002), and group 5 (p=0.003). The conclusion was honey supplementation could increase innate immune system that proven with increasing in number of liver’s Kupffer cells.
Leadership Style of Pharmaceutical and Engineering Company Employees

Aim of the research is to find out the “leadership style among pharmaceutical and engineering company employees” to study by researcher selected three variables one is type of organization, second is category was employee and third of education qualification. The groups have 300 employs. In each group has 150 pharmaceutical employees and other one groups has 150 engineering employees. Scale was use for data collection is personal datasheet and leadership style scale developed by L. I. Bhushan (2005), 2x2x3 factorial design was used and data were analysis by ‘F’ test. Result show, there was significant difference of leadership style between pharmaceutical and engineering company employees, the leadership style scores of engineering company employee is higher than pharmaceutical company employee. There was significant difference of the leadership style between manager and worker of pharmaceutical and engineering company employees, the leadership style scores of manager is higher than worker. There was no significant difference of the leadership style between post-graduate, graduate and diploma degree holder of pharmaceutical and engineering company employees. There was no significant interaction effect of the leadership style between types of organization and category of employees of pharmaceutical and engineering company employees. There was no significant interaction effect of the leadership style between types of organization and education qualification of pharmaceutical and engineering company employees. There was significant interaction effect of the leadership style between category of employee and education qualification of pharmaceutical and engineering company employees. There was significant interaction effect of the leadership style between types of organization, category of employees and education qualification of pharmaceutical and engineering company employees.
Sustained left ventricular diastolic dysfunction following ischemia reperfusion injury in an acute myocardial infarction rat model

The aim of this study was to investigate cardiac function in a rat myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury model during the early phase using echocardiography. Adult male Sprague-Dawley rats underwent myocardial ischemia and reperfusion (I/R) injury by ligation of the left anterior descending coronary artery (LAD). Echocardiography was performed at 2 hours, 24 hours, 3 days, and 7 days after the induction of myocardial infarction (MI). The ejection fraction (EF) and fractional shortening (FS), indexes that reflect left ventricular systolic function, of the MI group were significantly decreased compared with those of the sham group at 2 hours and on day 1 (P < 0.01). To assess left ventricular (LV) diastolic dysfunction, we measured the peak velocity of the transmitral flow at early filling (E), the early diastolic mitral annular velocity (E’) at the medial mitral annulus and the E/E’ ratio. During the entire experimental period, the E’ values were significantly decreased and the E/E’ values were significantly increased in the MI group compared to the sham group. These results suggest that, unlike systolic function, diastolic dysfunction does not recover in the early phase of ischemic reperfusion injury in rats; this may be important for the development of effective therapies for acute MI. Moreover, this animal model and ultrasound-based assessment of cardiac function can be used in translational research and in the development of new heart failure drugs.