Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Cooperative binding interactions required for function of the Ty1 sterile responsive element

The Ste12p transcription factor controls the expression of Ty1 transposable element insertion mutations and genes whose products are required for mating in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. The binding site for Ste12p is a consensus DNA sequence known as a pheromone response element (PRE). Upstream activating sequences (UASs) derived from known Ste12p-dependent genes have previously been characterized to require either multiple PREs or a single PRE coupled to a binding site for a second protein. The Ste12p-dependent UAS from Ty1, called a sterile response element (SRE), is of the second type and is comprised of a PRE and an adjacent TEA (TEF-1, Tec1, and AbaA motif) DNA consensus sequence (TCS). In this report, we show by UV cross-linking analysis that two proteins, Ste12p and a protein with an apparent size of 72 kDa, directly contact the Ty1 SRE. Other experiments show that Tec1p is required for formation of the Ty1 SRE protein-DNA complex and is physically present in the complex. These results establish a direct role for Tec1p in the Ty1 SRE and yet another set of combinatorial interactions that achieve a qualitatively distinct mode of transcriptional regulation with Ste12p.
Enantioselective N-Demethylation and Hydroxylation of Sibutramine in Human Liver Microsomes and Recombinant Cytochrome P-450 Isoforms

The enantioselective metabolism of sibutramine was examined using human liver microsomes (HLM) and recombinant cytochrome P-450 (CYP) isoforms. This drug is metabolized to N-mono-desmethyl- (M1) and N,N-di-desmethylsibutramine (M2), and subsequent hydroxylation results in hydroxyl M1 (HM1) and hydroxyl M2 (HM2). No significant difference was noted in formation of M1from sibutramine between R- and S-sibutramine in HLM. However, S-enantiomers of M1 and M2 were preferentially metabolized to M2, HM1, and HM2compared to R-enantiomers in HLM, and intrinsic clearance (Clint) ratios of S-enantiomers/R-enantiomers were 1.97, 4.83, and 9.94 for M2, HM1, and HM2, respectively. CYP3A4 and CYP3A5 were only involved in the formation of M1, whereas CYP2B6 and CYP2C19 were responsible for all metabolic reactions of sibutramine. CYP2C19 and CYP3A5 displayed catalytic preference for S-sibutramine to S-M1, whereas CYP2B6 and CYP3A4 showed little or no stereoselectivity in metabolism of sibutramine to M1. In the case of M2 formation, CYP2B6 metabolized S-M1 more rapidly than R-M1 with a Clint ratio of 2.14. However, CYP2C19 catalyzed less S-M1 than R-M1 and the Clint ratio of S-M1 to R-M1 was 0.65. The most significant enantioselectivity was observed in formation of HM1 from M1, and HM2 from M2. CYP2B6 and CYP2C19 exhibited preferential catalysis of formation of hydroxyl metabolites from S-enantiomers rather than R-enantiomers. These results indicate that S-sibutramine was more rapidly metabolized by CYP isoforms than R-sibutramine, and that enantioselective metabolism needs to be considered in drug interactions involving sibutramine and co-administered drugs.
The Role of Strategic Management on Exporting Performance: A Case Study of Iranian Firms

The current study investigates the strategy implementation of Iranian export performance, in Februy, 2015. It was conducted among 150 managers of Iranian exporting firms in order to find any significant relationship between strategy management and success in exporting performance. The methodological approach adopted for this study is Structural Equational Model (SEM) approach. It was processed in two sections (Pilot and Main study). The salient instrument of the study was questionnaire. The data were coded in SPSS (Statistical Package for Social Science, Version 22) and Lisrel (Version 8.8) Software. Three types of analyses were conducted to identify any significant relationship between them. The results revealed that there are significant relationship in most of strategies and exporting performance.
Quality of 1980 census data for American Indians.

Abstract The count of American Indians in the 1980 census was over 70 per cent larger than the 1970 census count. An assessment of the demographic basis for this change shows that the cohorts from ages 10 to 74 in 1980 increased by substantial amounts, reaching 35 per cent for many ages. Increases of this nature in the absence of immigration are demographically impossible—an indication that the changes in response patterns identified by Passel (1976) between the 1970 and 1960 censuses persisted in 1980, possibly at even greater levels. In addition to presenting demographic analyses of the American Indian data at the national level, this paper includes an analysis of geographic variation of implied birth, death, and migration rates at the state level. States which historically have had large American Indian populations in general had high birth and death rates with reasonable migration rates. Many other states, however, had anomalously low birth and death rates with extraordinarily high implied migration r.
Adaptive loading for OFDM/SDMA-based wireless networks

The two major obstacles toward high-capacity indoor wireless networks are distortion due to the indoor channel and the limited availability of bandwidth which necessitates a high spectral efficiency. A combined orthogonal-frequency division multiplexing/spatial-diversity multiple access (OFDM/SDMA) approach can effectively tackle both obstacles. The channel distortion due to multipath propagation is easily mitigated with OFDM while the bandwidth efficiency can be increased with the use of SDMA. In order to keep the network's cost acceptable, simplified SDMA processors are preferred over the exponentially complex optimal maximum-likelihood processors. However, these simplified processors perform significantly worse than the optimal ones in terms of average bit error rate (BER). In this paper, we show that by adapting the constellation sizes applied on the individual subcarriers to the channel conditions, the performance of OFDM/SDMA processors can be significantly enhanced. In the uplink, we derive simple closed-form equations for the optimal constellation sizes for both a simple linear minimum mean-square error (MMSE) detector and for a nonlinear MMSE decision feedback equalizer (DFE) detector. Furthermore, for each detector, we introduce a simplified loading algorithm which lowers the computational and signaling complexity substantially at a small performance penalty. In the downlink, we study the dual precoders of the uplink detectors, respectively, the linear MMSE precoder and the nonlinear Tomlinson-Harashima (TH) MMSE-based precoder. For both precoders, we derive expressions for the optimal and the simplified constellation sizes. Additionally, we show that in time-division duplexing systems, the constellation distribution of a set of dual detectors/precoders is identical for up- and downlink, which effectively halves the computational complexity of adaptive loading. In the fully loaded uplink, the proposed adaptive loading algorithm results in a gain of 9 dB for a BER=10/sup -3/ for the linear MMSE detector and a gain of 4.5 dB for the nonlinear MMSE-DFE detector. In the fully loaded downlink, a gain of 6.3 dB is achieved for the MMSE precoder and 5.5 dB for the TH-MMSE precoder.
A conceptual framework for competitive mobile content provision

Content provision via mobile technology platforms (such as smart mobile phones and tablet computers) raises interesting practical and research challenges for the field of Information Systems (IS). Much of the IS literature about mobile content provision is concerned with the ‘user experience’, with a particular focus on technology. In contrast, there is limited academic work looking at the ‘content’ component of the mobile experience. Quite often in information system development the content is seen as separate to the system and does not receive as much consideration. This study is specifically interested in how providers (such as newspapers, media companies and universities) can understand and then tailor content for delivery to users of mobile devices in ever-changing life contexts. This study proposes that it is the content that users come to the mobile platform to consume and which gives the experience much of its value and meaning. It is therefore through the development of appealing content offerings that content providers stand their best chance of establishing a competitive advantage on the mobile platform. In the mobile sphere content providers are observed focusing their efforts upon the development of micro information systems (in the form of mobile content offerings) which contain everything required by, and of value to the mobile technology user in the moment of use. These offerings are modular in nature (self-sufficient, but able to be associated with other systems) and geared towards helping users to optimize their quality of life. This study puts forward a theoretical framework for mobile content provision which describes and supports this modular, content-driven approach. This framework is both descriptive (detailing what providers are actually doing in relation to mobile content provision) and prescriptive, because the observations are taken further and a set of concepts, constructs and principles defined, to inform future IS research and to aid strategic decision-making about competitive content offering development and provision on the mobile platform. In particular, current IS theoretical frameworks and models, based on utility and user satisfaction, are no longer adequate ways for providers, researchers or developers to conceive the needs and expectations of mobile information system users. Instead, qualitative evidence shows that providers expect people to value and bond with mobile content offerings that help them to resolve everyday predicaments and contribute to their quality of life. This study therefore proposes the Continuous Quality of Life Optimization Principle as a better way to understand the complex, deeply personal, mobile content experience — and the predicament and bondability constructs as more effective ways to understand and then tailor content for delivery to users of mobile devices in ever-changing life contexts.
Patterns of cell and fiber distribution in the neocortex of the reeler mutant mouse

In the neocortex of the reeler mutant mouse, there is inversion in the normal relative positions of polymorphic and pyramidal cells and of large with respect to medium‐sized and small pyramidal cells. Granule cells are concentrated at a near‐normal mid‐cortical level in the mutant. As in the normal animal, and despite cell malposition in reeler, the principal tangential fiber system lies in the zone of polymorphic cells. Large fiber fascicles, known from experimental studies to be principally thalamo‐cortical afferents, enter the tangential fiber system in the polymorphic cell zone of both reeler and normal neocortex. In the mutant these fascicles must traverse the full width of the cortex to reach this fiber system in its superficial location. In both normal and mutant animals single fibers, again principally thalamo‐cortical afferents, pass from the principal tangential fiber system to ramify in a fiber feltwork in the zone of granule cells. In the mutant these descend whereas in the normal animal they ascend. Also, as in the normal mouse, single fibers pass radially between all levels of the mutant cortex and the central white matter. Regional variations in the character, the pattern of distribution and the relative prominence of homologous cell and fiber elements are closely parallel in reeler and normal. This suggests that cell differentiation and the tangential organization of reeler neocortex are normal despite cell malposition in the mutant.
The Heterogeneous Response of Domestic Sales and Exports to Bank Credit Shocks

This paper analyzes the role of bank credit in firms' export performance. We use Italian bank-firm matched data and contribute to the existing literature by focusing on the link between bank-credit and exports in ‘normal times’ (1997-2008) and measuring access to credit with hard data on the credit actually extended to firms by the banking system. We also establish the causal link that goes from bank credit to exports, exploiting bank mergers and acquisitions as a source of bank credit supply shocks. We find that short-run shocks to the supply of bank credit induce exporters to decrease their export flows, without affecting their domestic sales. On the other hand, non-exporters react by reducing their domestic sales.
Computational Design of a Circular RNA with Prionlike Behavior

RNA molecules engineered to fold into predefined conformations have enabled the design of a multitude of functional RNA devices in the field of synthetic biology and nanotechnology. More complex designs require efficient computational methods, which need to consider not only equilibrium thermodynamics but also the kinetics of structure formation. Here we present a novel type of RNA design that mimics the behavior of prions, that is, sequences capable of interaction-triggered autocatalytic replication of conformations. Our design was computed with the ViennaRNA package and is based on circular RNA that embeds domains amenable to intermolecular kissing interactions.
Diffusion of the Balanced Scorecard: The Experience of a Sri Lankan Financial Institution

Over the past two decades various management accounting innovations, such as the balanced scorecard, activity-based costing, activity-based management and target costing have been diffused to organizations across the world. Although the merits of these tools and their application in various countries have been well researched, currently there is only limited understanding of how and why such tools get diffused in different organizational contexts. The purpose of this paper is to examine how and why the balanced scorecard has been diffused in a leading private sector financial institution in Sri Lanka. We adopt the qualitative methodology and the case study approach, and the data has been collected through in-depth interviews conducted with various managers and through documentary sources. The evidence gathered show that demand-side as well as supply-side forces have been significant in the diffusion of the balanced scorecard. This study makes an important contribution to the literature by offering a dynamic perspective on the diffusion of management accounting innovations, through a theoretical framework which brings together the supply-side as well as the demand-side forces into a single innovation diffusion model. The study also provides valuable insights for managers into the implementation and diffusion of management accounting tools such as the balanced scorecard.
Optical behavior of cosmic dust particles with volatile icy coating

The scattering properties of composite evaporating interplanetary dust particles are analyzed. A two-component particle (usually supplying e.g. cometary dust) is considered in the form of a solid inclusion surrounded by a volatile ice shell. The processes of evaporation lead to a continuous decrease of the particle size because of ice loss, implying evolution of the optical properties of such particle. If a realistic model of the Gaussian core with ice coating is replaced by a volume equivalent homogeneous sphere, the numerical simulations become much easier and straightforward. But, the accuracy of calculation results is questionable because of hard limitations originated from Mie theory (which is strictly applicable to homogeneous spherical targets). Our results show that the Gaussian particle is a less efficient scatterer compared with the volume equivalent homogeneous sphere, especially when the particle’s size is close to or larger than the wavelength of an incident radiation. The polarization features of the Gaussian particle differ from those of a homogeneous sphere. This can be an important fact in distiguishing between these two particle models. Substitution of realistically shaped and composite particles by idealized homogeneous spheres may definitely lead to a misinterpretation of measured optical data as well as to retrieval of incorrect microphysical characteristics of dust particles.
A Study on Determining the Factors Which Affect Consumers' Permission for Marketing Messages Sent by Companies

Developments which have been achieved in information and communications technologies thanks to globalization have enabled companies to reach consumers in a faster, more effective and cheaper way. Especially rapidly developing such technologies have provided the opportunity for companies to be able to send commercial messages for promotion purposes which have data, audio and visual content via SMS, MMS and E-mail easily within the day. However, the fact that companies can reach consumers 24 hours via these channels and send messages constantly has led to harassment of consumers by companies. Practices which bore consumers who are bombarded with advertisements throughout the day have turned into a mechanism which is defined as permission marketing in the literature and which requires companies to get approval of consumers for the advertisement and promotional messages that they will send. With this regard, this study aims to determine the factors which will be effective in consumers’ permission for marketing messages to be sent by companies. Within the scope of this study, final valid data were gathered from 430 participants through an online questionnaire via internet. Stepwise regression analysis was applied to the collected data in order to determine whether factors which are believed to influence consumers’ permission for advertisement messages from companies are effective or not. It was found out that while factors of personal experience, perceived behavioural control and perceived usefulness have significantly positive effect on permission; factors of influence of customer’s social network, institutional regulations and not irritation did not yield any significant effects on permission. This result indicates that if consumers’ personal experiences with companies are positive, if they can control the number and type of the messages they will receive, if they have the flexibility to continue/terminate their permissions, and if they think that they will gain advantage from messages, consumers are willing to give their permission and personal information to companies in order for them to send marketing messages.
Preliminary Evaluation of the Childhood Experiences of Violence Questionnaire Short Form

Despite advances in child maltreatment research, accurate measurement of exposure remains a key issue. In this study, we evaluated a short form (CEVQ-SF) of the Childhood Experiences of Violence Questionnaire (CEVQ) in a sample of adolescents involved with child protection services in an urban city in Ontario, Canada. Focusing on the two most readily defined maltreatment types, physical and sexual abuse, we evaluated the short form’s comparability with the full version of the CEVQ. Both versions had good internal consistency and moderate-to-good 2-week test-retest reliability. The criterion validity of the two CEVQ versions in comparison with the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire was satisfactory. Construct validity for both versions was demonstrated: physically and sexually abused youth had higher odds of reporting clinical traumatic symptoms compared with either type alone. The CEVQ-SF is as reliable and valid as its full version. Implications for its use in large population-based surveys are discussed.
Effective Use of MRP-Type Computer Systems to Support manufacturing

(ABSTRACT) Within the last 30 years, Manufacturing Resource Planning (MRP-type) computer systems have quickly evolved from basic materials requirement planning software to today's enterprise resource planning (ERP) integrated software packages that reside on client/server computer architecture. However, given the magnitude of influence these computer systems encompass, very little research has been conducted to monitor and improve how companies are actually using these MRP, advanced MRP and ERP computer systems. In practical terms, where is the typical manufacturing organization today in terms of MRP systems development? To what extent is software being applied for use in enterprise integration? A survey study of manufacturing companies in Virginia and Tennessee was conducted to evaluate the current use and performance of computer systems to support manufacturing applications. This study explores the reasons why organizations chose to use these systems, the problems and benefits derived from the MRP/ERP systems, and the characteristics of the types of companies that have benefited from the use of MRP-type systems. The survey participants evaluated the performance of their manufacturing or enterprise planning systems on the basis of data accuracy, customer satisfaction, user satisfaction, systems effectiveness, convenience, information relevance, and software reliability. Furthermore, success factors associated with organizational performance were tested and evaluated. The correlation between perceived performance was tested against the influence of upper management support, the level of emphasis on training, sources of technical expertise, and organizational experience with MRP-type systems. iii ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
Functional training is a senseless strategy in MS cognitive rehabilitation: Strategy training is the only useful approach – Commentary

10. Schoonheim MM, Meijer KA and Geurts JJ. Network collapse and cognitive impairment in multiple sclerosis. Front Neurol 2015; 6: 82. 11. Filippi M, Riccitelli G, Mattioli F, et al. Multiple sclerosis: Effects of cognitive rehabilitation on structural and functional MR imaging measures—An explorative study. Radiology 2012; 262(3): 932–940. Visit SAGE journals online journals.sagepub. com/ home/msj
Association Between Chronic Kidney Disease Progression and Cardiovascular Disease: Results from the CRIC Study

Background and Aims: There is limited information on the risk of progression of chronic kidney disease (CKD) among individuals with CVD (cardiovascular disease). We studied the association between prevalent CVD and the risk of progression of CKD among persons enrolled in a long-term observational study. Methods: A prospective cohort study of 3,939 women and men with CKD enrolled in the chronic renal insufficiency cohort (CRIC) study between June 2003 and June 2008. Prevalent cardiovascular disease (myocardial infarction/revascularization, heart failure, stroke, and peripheral vascular disease) was determined by self-report at baseline. The primary outcome was a composite of either end-stage renal disease or a 50% decline in estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) from baseline. Results: One-third (1,316 of 3,939, 33.4%) of the study participants reported a history of any cardiovascular disease, and 9.6% (n = 382) a history of heart failure at baseline. After a median follow up of 6.63 years, 1,028 patients experienced the primary outcome. The composite of any CVD at baseline was not independently associated with the primary outcome (Hazard Ratio 1.04 95% CI (0.91, 1.19)). However, a history of heart failure was independently associated with a 29% higher risk of the primary outcome (Hazard Ratio 1.29 95% CI (1.06, 1.57)). The relationship between heart failure and risk of CKD progression was consistent in subgroups defined by age, race, gender, baseline eGFR, and diabetes. Neither the composite measure of any CVD or heart failure was associated with the rate of decline in eGFR. Conclusions: Self-reported heart failure was an independent risk factor for the development of the endpoint of ESRD or 50% decline in GFR in a cohort of patients with chronic kidney disease. i 2014 S. Karger AG, Basel