Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Design and construction of a laboratory bench system for the teaching and training of engineers on diagnostics of permanent magnet motors

Permanent magnet synchronous motors PMSM are widely used in industry due to their higher torque and higher power to volume ratio. Moreover they have a better dynamic performance compared to the motors with electromagnetic excitation. Despite its robustness electrical, mechanical and magnetic faults has been described. It has led to the development of specific diagnostic systems for such machines. These systems are constantly evolving according to the literature. In this situation of increasing use of PMSM it is necessary to teach and train professionals in diagnostic techniques. This paper describes the design process of an experimental bench on which can be studied all types of faults associated with the PMSM operation. The design of a PMSM prototype, which is the most important equipment of this bench, is described in more detail.
The optimal network model's performance for sharing Electronic Health Record

Sharing electronic health record (EHR) between various healthcare locations is a significant challenge: patient's healthcare information are split across several information sources, and often owned by various healthcare organizations. Throughout the last decade, there have been various regional, national and international plans concentrated on the development of healthcare network architecture for secure access and sharing of federated patient information. This paper consists of two main segments: first it will start by reviewing the issues regarding the EHR architectures and networking approaches and how it influences the quality and efficiency of service provided, and second we simulate the performance of those approaches based on OPNET system in order to approve on an optimal approach with highest performance. OPNET will compare the efficiency of those approaches with a synchronously access the system functions regardless of the location.
Attenuation of Acute Graft-versus-Host Disease in the Absence of the Transcription Factor RORγt

Graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) remains the most significant complication after allogeneic stem cell transplantation. Previously, acute GVHD had been considered to be mediated predominantly by Th1-polarized T cells. Recently, investigators have identified a second proinflammatory lineage of T cells termed Th17 that is critically dependent on the transcription factor retinoic acid-related orphan receptor (ROR)γt. In this study, we have evaluated the role of Th17 cells in murine acute GVHD by infusing donor T cells lacking RORC and as a consequence the isoform RORγt. Recipients given donor CD4+ and CD8+ T cells lacking RORC had significantly attenuated acute GVHD and markedly decreased tissue pathology in the colon, liver, and lung. Using a clinically relevant haploidentical murine transplantation model, we showed that RORC−/− CD4+ T cells alone diminished the severity and lethality of acute GVHD. This was not found when CD4+ T cells from RORC−/− mice were given to completely mismatched BALB/c mice, and it was correlated with absolute differences in the generation of TNF in the colon after transplant. Thus, CD4+ T cell expression of RORC is important in the pathogenesis of acute GVHD.
Performance modeling of computing processes using reconfigurable differential stochastic Petri nets

A natural modeling framework for many complex systems, such as communication or computer systems and networks, is provided through discrete event systems and, in particular, generalized stochastic Petri nets (GSPN) models [3]. However, factors such as huge traffic volumes, increasingly complex operating rules, and performance requirements make such models highly impractical. From an analytical standpoint, traditional models from classical queuing theory fail to capture new features such as complicated traffic source behavior or blocking phenomena. An alternative modeling paradigm for the purpose of analysis and simulation is based on Stochastic Fluid Models (SFM). The SFM paradigm allows the aggregation of multiple events into a single event associated with a “significant change” in the system dynamics. Among the formalisms of SFM that are used, the fluid stochastic Petri nets (FSPN) [9] and hybrid stochastic Petri nets (HSPN) [1, 8] are popular. To make design issues and analysis procedures more transparent with negative-continuous values, we tried to deviate as little as possible from the concepts and the nets of FSPN and HSPN. Thus, we propose our extension of differential Petri nets (GDPN) [5], which we call Generalized Differential Stochastic Petri Net (GDSPN), and that is able to represent the behavior of computing processes in a common model. The features of GDSPN accept the negative-continuous place capacity, negative real values for continuous place marking and tokendependent arc cardinalities that permit to generalize the concept of GDPN, FSPN and HSPN.
Characterization of the Structure and Function of the Fourth Member of p38 Group Mitogen-activated Protein Kinases, p38δ*

We have cloned and characterized a new member of the p38 group of mitogen-activated protein kinases here termed p38δ. Sequence comparisons revealed that p38δ is approximately 60% identical to the other three p38 isoforms but only 40–45% to the other mitogen-activated protein kinase family members. It contains the TGY dual phosphorylation site present in all p38 group members and is activated by a group of extracellular stimuli including cytokines and environmental stresses that also activate the other three known p38 isoforms. However, unlike the other p38 isoforms, the kinase activity of p38δ is not blocked by the pyridinyl imidazole, 4-(4-fluorophenyl)-2–2(4-hydroxyphenyl)-5-(4-pyridyl)-imidazole (identicalto SB202190). p38δ can be activated by MKK3 and MKK6, known activators of the other isoforms. Nonetheless, in-gel kinase assays provide evidence for additional activators. The data presented herein show that p38δ has many properties that are similar to those of other p38 group members. Nonetheless important differences exist among the four members of the p38 group of enzymes, and thus each may have highly specific, individual contributions to biologic events involving activation of the p38 pathways.
UPDRS activity of daily living score as a marker of Parkinson's disease progression

The activities of daily living (ADL) subscore of the Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale (UPDRS) captures the impact of Parkinson's disease (PD) on daily function and may be less affected than other subsections by variability associated with drug cycle and motor fluctuations. We examined UPDRS mentation, ADL and motor subscores in 888 patients with idiopathic PD. Multiple linear regression analyses determined the association between disease duration and UPDRS subscores as a function of medication status at examination and in a subset of patients with multiple examinations. Independent of medication status and across cross‐sectional and longitudinal analyses, ADL subscores showed a stronger and more stable association with disease duration than other UPDRS subscores after adjusting for age of disease onset. The association between disease duration and the motor subscore depended on medication status. The strong association between ADL subscore and disease duration in PD suggests that this measure may serve as a better marker of disease progression than signs and symptoms assessed in other UPDRS sections. © 2008 Movement Disorder Society
Assessment of speech intelligibility in noise with the Hearing in Noise Test

Assessment of speech intelligibility in noise in clinical settings, as well as in the laboratory, presents a wide variety of challenges. Developers of the hearing in noise test (HINT) have attempted to address these challenges through application of a number of methodological assumptions and procedures, and by constraining the type of speech materials used in the test. These assumptions and constraints have allowed the HINT to be developed in a number of several different languages and to provide comparable measures of speech intelligibility in noise for each language. This introductory paper discusses the challenges of assessing speech intelligibility in noise, the approach used with the HINT, and the implications of the assumptions and constraints when interpreting test results. Difficulty in measuring speech intelligibility in noise occurs, in large part, because of the many factors that influence intelligibility in noise. Each of these factors introduces a source of variability that can affect the measure. In the following paragraphs, we discuss each factor and describe the approach that has been used to address these factors in the development of the HINT. Our approach is motivated by the primary purpose for administering the HINT*to assess the effects of an individual’s hearing on their speech intelligibility in noise. These effects are assessed in two different ways with the HINT. One is a withinsubject, or relative, comparison of an individual’s speech intelligibility between two or more conditions (e.g. when using hearing aid A or hearing aid B). The other is a between-subjects comparison of an individual’s speech intelligibility as it relates to that of the average normal hearing individual. This comparison places the individual on a scale of speech intelligibility defined by the norms that accompany the HINT in each language.
Some failure modes of four clinical bone cements

Abstract The fracture or failure behaviours of four commercial acrylic-based bone cements have been examined in tensile, bending and compression modes, and their mechanical properties are reviewed. It was found that Palacos R-40 bone cement had high radiopaque agent concentration, with high surface hardness. It exhibited a much lower bending strength and bending modulus compared with the other three bone cements (CMW1, CMW2000 and Simplex P). The textures of tensile fracture surfaces produced were similar for the four bone cements studied. The fracture surface was fragmented by crevices, which developed through the matrix and around large undissolved polyme-thylmethacrylate (PMMA) beads. Three bands with different features existed on the bending fracture surfaces, with an abrupt transition between them. It appears that the agglomerates of zirconium dioxide particles are implicated in Palacos R-40 bone cement fracture surface. The examination of compressive failed specimens revealed that a ‘yielded crack band’ existed across the transverse section. Plastic deformation resulted in the PMMA beads being squashed in the longitudinal direction and dilated in the transverse direction.
New non invasive Doppler technology for carotid stenosis assessment

Multigate Quality Doppler Profiles (QDP) is a Fast Fourier Transform-based Doppler technology recently integrated in a commercial ultrasound scanner. QDP represents a novel analysis tool, which is able to simultaneously detect and show the velocity components, present in the blood flow of multiple vessels, without any frame rate reduction. The present work describes QDP application to the measurement of Internal Carotid Artery stenosis (i.e. vessel lumen reduction due to plaque formation). Measurements were performed in vitro on a Doppler Phantom and in vivo in comparison to Computed Tomography Angiography. The results confirmed QDP as a proper tool for the NASCET index measurement, more precise and robust than the traditional Ultrasound modalities used so far.
The North Jutland County Diabetic Retinopathy Study: population characteristics

Background: Several population-based studies have reported blood glucose levels and blood pressure to be risk factors for the development of diabetic retinopathy. These studies were initiated more than two decades ago and may therefore reflect the treatment and population composition of a previous era, suggesting new studies of the present population with diabetes. Aim and methods: This cross-section study included 656 people with type 1 diabetes and 328 with type 2 diabetes. Crude prevalence rates of proliferative diabetic retinopathy, clinically significant macular oedema and several specific retinal lesions were assessed, together with their association to a simplified and internationally approved retinal grading. Results: The point prevalence of proliferative retinopathy was found to be 0.8% and 0.3% for type 1 and type 2 diabetes. Equivalent prevalence rates of clinically significant macular oedema were 7.9% and 12.8%, respectively. The most frequently occurring retinal manifestations increased in number until retinopathy level 3, and then decreased. Conclusion: The point prevalence of proliferative retinopathy is lower than that found in previous studies, whereas it is increased for clinically significant macular oedema. These data suggest different risk factors for these clinical entities.
Localized surface plasmon resonance modified with molecularly imprinted sol-gel sensor for cis-jasmone vapor detection

The detection of cis-jasmone is meaningful to sense potential threat in agriculture. In present study, a nanocomposite imprinted LSPR sensor was developed for determination of cis-jasmone vapors. Molecular imprinted sol-gels (MISG) were fabricated on the surface of Au nano-islands via spinning coating. For enhancing the sensitives of sensors, AuNPs was sputtered on the MISG layers. The sensitives and selectivelies of samples recoated divers thickness of AuNPs were compared and discussed. The result indicated that the sensitivity of AuNPs/MISG/AuNPs was higher than that of AuNPs/MISG. In addition, AuNPs/MISG coated with 3 nm AuNPs shown a better sensitive and selectively. In-situ response was verified to be fast, selective and reversible. The absorbance spectra of cis-jasmone vapors linearly increased with its concentration in the range of 10 to 75 ppm, with the limit of detection of 3.45 ppm (S/N=3). The research offered useful technologies for developing cis-jasmone sensor in agriculture area.
Unravelling seed dispersal through fragmented landscapes: Frugivore species operate unevenly as mobile links

Seed dispersal constitutes a pivotal process in an increasingly fragmented world, promoting population connectivity, colonization and range shifts in plants. Unveiling how multiple frugivore species disperse seeds through fragmented landscapes, operating as mobile links, has remained elusive owing to methodological constraints for monitoring seed dispersal events. We combine for the first time DNA barcoding and DNA microsatellites to identify, respectively, the frugivore species and the source trees of animal‐dispersed seeds in forest and matrix of a fragmented landscape. We found a high functional complementarity among frugivores in terms of seed deposition at different habitats (forest vs. matrix), perches (isolated trees vs. electricity pylons) and matrix sectors (close vs. far from the forest edge), cross‐habitat seed fluxes, dispersal distances and canopy‐cover dependency. Seed rain at the landscape‐scale, from forest to distant matrix sectors, was characterized by turnovers in the contribution of frugivores and source‐tree habitats: open‐habitat frugivores replaced forest‐dependent frugivores, whereas matrix trees replaced forest trees. As a result of such turnovers, the magnitude of seed rain was evenly distributed between habitats and landscape sectors. We thus uncover key mechanisms behind “biodiversity–ecosystem function” relationships, in this case, the relationship between frugivore diversity and landscape‐scale seed dispersal. Our results reveal the importance of open‐habitat frugivores, isolated fruiting trees and anthropogenic perching sites (infrastructures) in generating seed dispersal events far from the remnant forest, highlighting their potential to drive regeneration dynamics through the matrix. This study helps to broaden the “mobile‐link” concept in seed dispersal studies by providing a comprehensive and integrative view of the way in which multiple frugivore species disseminate seeds through real‐world landscapes.
Geometric Message-Filtering Protocols for Distributed Multiagent Environments

Message filtering is important for distributed multiagent systems, where a large number of dynamic agents participate in the system activity, but a typical agent is interested in only a very small dynamic subset of the other agents. The agent must be constantly informed on the status of this subset, and this is achieved by message passing between relevant agents. Message filtering is required to reduce the communications load on the system, which could be prohibitive if each agent must communicate with all others in order to obtain the information it needs. This paper deals with the case of a multiagent virtual environment, where each agent has a location in 2D space, and is interested in a small subset of the other agents, either those within a fixed rangeas treated by previous authors, or the k other agents nearest to ittreated here for the first time. Furthermore, we treat the case of a fully distributed system, where no central server(s) are available to coordinate between the agents. The main challenge is then to design protocols that perform significant message filtering, yet enable each agent to maintain a consistent image of the other agents it is interested in. These protocols are useful in multi-agent games, simulations, and other virtual environments in which the geometric relationships between agents are important. They could also be useful for mobile-commerce and cellphone-based gaming applications.
Photonic band structure: The face-centered-cubic case employing nonspherical atoms.

We introduce a practical, new, face-centered-cubic dielectric structure which simultaneously solves two of the outstanding problems in photonic band structure. In this new "photonic crystal" the atoms are nonspherical, lifting the degeneracy at the 8 point of the Brillouin zone, and permitting a full photonic band gap rather than a pseudogap. Furthermore, this fully three-dimensional fcc structure lends itself readily to microfabrication on the scale of optical wavelengths. It is created by simply drilling three sets of holes 35.26 oA' vertical into the top surface of a solid slab or wafer, as can be done, for ex
Contaminants organiques en milieu urbain et dans les hydrosystèmes anthropisés

Ce document synthetise l'ensemble des mes activites de recherche depuis mon doctorat, obtenu en 2006, jusqu'a mes travaux les plus recents et en cours effectues au Laboratoire Eau Environnement et Systemes Urbains (LEESU) ou je suis maitre de conferences depuis 2007. Le LEESU est un laboratoire commun a l'Universite Paris-Est Creteil Val de Marne (UPEC), l'Ecole des Ponts ParisTech, l'Universite Paris-Est Marne-la-Vallee (UPEMLV) et AgroParisTech. L'objectif de mes travaux est d'obtenir une vision integree des micropolluants organiques en milieu urbain, de leur emission au milieu recepteur. Ils sont orientes vers les polluants prioritaires de la Directive cadre sur l'eau (DCE, Directive 2000/60/CE), les hydrocarbures aromatiques polycycliques, les polybromodiphenylethers, les alkylphenols, le bisphenol A et les phtalates. Ils s'interessent d'une part a la production de polluants sur les surfaces urbaines, a leur transfert a differentes echelles, a leur comportement au sein des filieres de traitement et finalement a leur devenir dans les milieux recepteurs. Apres une introduction dediee au contexte scientifique, j'ai opte pour une presentation de ce manuscrit selon 4 blocs regroupant la quasi-totalite de mes activites. Bien que permeables, ces blocs se structurent selon le devenir des micropolluants dans les eaux urbaines : * De l'atmosphere aux eaux de ruissellement ; * Dans les reseaux d'assainissement ; * Dans les filieres de traitement ; * Dans les milieux recepteurs.
Variability at Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Subtype C Protease Cleavage Sites: an Indication of Viral Fitness?

ABSTRACT Naturally occurring polymorphisms in the protease of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) subtype C would be expected to lead to adaptive (compensatory) changes in protease cleavage sites. To test this hypothesis, we examined the prevalences and patterns of cleavage site polymorphisms in the Gag, Gag-Pol, and Nef cleavage sites of C compared to those in non-C subtypes. Codon-based maximum-likelihood methods were used to assess the natural selection and evolutionary history of individual cleavage sites. Seven cleavage sites (p17/p24, p24/p2, NC/p1, NC/TFP, PR/RT, RT/p66, and p66/IN) were well conserved over time and in all HIV-1 subtypes. One site (p1/p6gag) exhibited moderate variation, and four sites (p2/NC, TFP/p6pol, p6pol/PR, and Nef) were highly variable, both within and between subtypes. Three of the variable sites are known to be major determinants of polyprotein processing and virion production. P2/NC controls the rate and order of cleavage, p6gag is an important phosphoprotein required for virion release, and TFP/p6pol, a novel cleavage site in the transframe domain, influences the specificity of Gag-Pol processing and the activation of protease. Overall, 58.3% of the 12 HIV-1 cleavage sites were significantly more diverse in C than in B viruses. When analyzed as a single concatenated fragment of 360 bp, 96.0% of group M cleavage site sequences fell into subtype-specific phylogenetic clusters, suggesting that they coevolved with the virus. Natural variation at C cleavage sites may play an important role, not only in regulation of the viral cycle but also in disease progression and response to therapy.
Determination of Qualified Spaces at Two-View Autostereoscopic Displays From One-Point Luminance Profile Measurements

We introduce an extended evaluation method to calculate the horizontal cross sections of qualified spaces. The method is based on one-point luminance measurements at the center of autostereoscopic two-view displays. It enables a powerful appraisal of autostereoscopic two-view displays with respect to the ergonomic viewpoint. We show how the freedom of movement for the observer of an autostereoscopic display depends on the interpupillary distance. Thus, individual interpupillary distances are considered to determine the new introduced qualified stereoscopic eye spaces. The evaluation of these spaces results in the quantification of the freedom of movement of the observers in the form of several reference values and charts. The introduced concept of qualified eye spaces is compatible with the current standardization of autostereoscopic displays and overcomes the limitations of the previously discussed concept of qualified viewing spaces.
Cue Utilization, Perceptions, and Experience in the Interpretation of Weather Radar Returns

This study was designed to examine the role of cue utilization, perceptions, and measures of operational experience in the interpretation of a scenario involving the interpretation of weather radar returns. A total of 47 qualified pilots completed EXPERTise 2.0, an online assessment of cue utilization in the context of weather radar systems. They also completed a scenario involving the interpretation of weather radar returns which required an assessment as to whether they could continue the flight safely in the absence of a change in track or altitude. Consistent with research in other domains, the results revealed a relationship between performance and cue utilization. No relationships were evident on the basis of flight experience nor the inclination to use or trust weather radar systems. The results provide the basis for a tool that might be employed to assess pilots’ cue utilization, thereby enabling more targeted approaches to pilot training and weather radar system design.