Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Wavelet transform-based texture classification with feature weighting

A new approach to wavelet transform-based texture classification using feature weighting is presented. The Daubechies orthogonal wavelets are selected and the standard pyramid-structured wavelet transform is employed. This approach extracts the l/sub 1/-norm, for each frequency channel, of the wavelet transform output as the features for texture classification, and weights these features according to their own degree of dispersion. A minimum distance classifier is used in the classification procedure. The classification experiments for almost 1000 testing samples obtained from 20 classes of textures show that the performance of the presented texture classification algorithm is much better than the algorithm without feature weighting.
Environmental Justice and Factors that Influence Participation in Tree Planting Programs

Many cities have policies encouraging homeowners to plant trees. For these policies to be eἀective, it is important to understand what motivates a h omeowner’s tree-planting decision. Researchers address this question by identifying variables that influence participation in a t ree-planting program in P ortland, Oregon, U.S. According to the study, homeowners with street trees, and those living in o lder homes, are more likely to participate in the local program. Homeowners who had owned their homes for longer, and those who live in cen sus-block groups with lower high-school graduation rates, are less likely to participate in t he program. Results suggest that tree-planting programs may inadvertently exacerbate environmental inequality.
Automatic rubric-based content grading for clinical notes

Clinical notes provide important documentation critical to medical care, as well as billing and legal needs. Too little information degrades quality of care; too much information impedes care. Training for clinical note documentation is highly variable, depending on institutions and programs. In this work, we introduce the problem of automatic evaluation of note creation through rubric-based content grading, which has the potential for accelerating and regularizing clinical note documentation training. To this end, we describe our corpus creation methods as well as provide simple feature-based and neural network baseline systems. We further provide tagset and scaling experiments to inform readers of plausible expected performances. Our baselines show promising results with content point accuracy and kappa values at 0.86 and 0.71 on the test set.
WOODY DEBRIS LENSES: PALEOENVIRONMENTAL ARCHIVES

Woody debris lenses (WDL) are found with remarkable preservation throughout the Beaufort Formation on northern Banks Island in Arctic Canada. This arctic locality preserves unaltered wood and plant material within loose, unconsolidated sediments. Macrofloral debris is found scattered vertically and laterally throughout the formation but is heavily concentrated in dense WDL. These lenses serve as a storehouse of paleoenvironmental information. WDL contain macrofossils (large pieces of wood, sometimes whole trunks and root crowns), mesofossils (twigs, needles, leaf litter) and microfossils (pollen). The fossil flora provides insight into the local vegetation and the climate of the region. The WDL morphology and the sediment within and surrounding these lenses assist in understanding the ancient river system.
TMP-SMX Induced Aseptic Meningitis

Case Report A 24-year-old previously healthy man was admitted after a four-day history of severe headaches, neck stiffness, nausea, vomiting, and low grade fever and chills. He had been taking TMP-SMX for 18 days for a suspected community-acquired methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) abscess of his right groin. In addition, he noticed sudden onset of a diffuse maculo-papular rash on the day of presentation sparing only his face and palms. The patient denied any history of contact with infected individuals, cough, or sinus discharges. His past medical history was negative. He had never taken TMP-SMX. He smoked cigarettes, but did not report any alcohol or illicit drug use. He had no known medication allergy. On presentation, he was awake and oriented. On physical examination, the patient showed a positive Brudzinski sign and the rash as described above, as well as a painful, 2x2 cm, right groin abscess. Vital signs were remarkable for a temperature of 103°F and a heart rate of 103 bpm. A Complete Blood Count (CBC), Comprehensive Metabolic Profile, urinalysis, chest xray, and a brain CT scan were normal. Lumbar puncture was significant for 427 WBCs with 93% segmented neutrophils, protein of 51, normal glucose, and and no organism on gram stain. The following tests were negative: Rickettsia rickettsi serology, human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) antibody, Erlichia chaffensis serology, Lyme disease serology, herpes simplex virus polymerase chain reaction (PCR) on cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), Enterovirus PCR on CSF, Tularemia serology, cryptococcal antigen, Bartonella serology, venereal disease research laboratory (VDRL) test. Bacterial, viral, acid fast, and fungal cultures and stains also were negative. TMP-SMX was stopped on admission and the patient recovered within three days.
Supplementary: Confidence Regularized Self-Training

A. Theoretical properties of CRSTs A.1. Proof of Proposition 1 Classification maximum likelihood (CML) was initially proposed to model clustering tasks, and can be optimized via classification expectation maximization (CEM). Compared with traditional expectation maximization (EM) that has an “expectation” (E) step and a “maximization” (M) step, CEM has an additional “classification” (C) step (between E and M steps) that assigns a sample to the cluster with maximal posterior probability. In [1], CML is generalized to discriminant semi-supervised learning with both labeled and unlabeled data defined as follows:
EU Action Plan for the Circular Economy

Encourage reuse activities Enforcement of 2-year guarantees Action on false green claims Eco-design for repair and spare parts Repair info requirements Better EU Eco-labelling Testing for planned obsolescence Product Environmental Footprint CE in Green Public Procurement Legislative package on waste MS and COM to avoid overcapacities in waste treatment and improve waste management plans Cohesion policy aligned to waste hierarchy -
Air Quality Analyses for Photochemical Smog Associated with Atmospheric Aerosol Particles and Ozone Precursors Using CMAQ and CAMx Modeling Systems

Pollution due to air quality deterioration is directly or indirectly connected to the phenomenon of biogeochemistry (i.e the scientific discipline that involves the study of the chemical, physical, geological, and biological processes and reactions that influence the composition of the natural environment) which in turn links to the human health. Human health and well-being, along with the well-being of animals, plants, and agricultural products, are solely dependent upon the quality of air we inhale. In response to the emission control threshold levels, prediction of how changes in emission levels could affect ambient air quality has been documented. The use of photochemical air quality models is becoming widely acceptable by various global regulatory agencies for the purpose of regulatory analyses and for the attainment exhibition by evaluating and assessing the effectiveness of control strategies. This review work tries to figure out the two most important and uncommon models namely; Comprehensive Air Quality Model with Extensions (CAMx) and Community Multiscale Air Quality (CMAQ) Modeling System. These modeling systems are used to predict, characterize, determine and simulate the photochemical air quality conditions. This paper gives a substantial detailed information of findings from related multidimensional studies carried out long ago and recently on photochemical smog analyses. Photochemical smog; causes and impacts on both the environment and living-being health were succinctly spelt out. Ozone formation and its different precursors; atmospheric aerosols; emission of biogenics as well as Ozone modeling phases were also discussed. The researcher still talks about the model formulations such as Zhang Model formulation; application and history of CMAQ and CAMx models respectively.
Potential exploitation of okara as an alternative medium for edible pleurotus ostreatus mycelium production

The possibility of utilizing soybean curd residue, okara, for the production of Pleurotus ostreatus mycelia biomass, using submerged culture, was investigated. The mycelial biomass was chemically analyzed for the total content of proteins, lipids, crude fibers and ash. Also, the predominant amino acids and fatty acids of the mycelia were identified. The results revealed that okara could successfully be recycled to produce a maximum yield of mushroom mycelia biomass with high nutritional value through the optimization of the production conditions. Optimizing the processes revealed that a maximum dry mycelium biomass yield of 22.67 g/l could be obtained from 26.7 g/l dry okara 10 days after incubation of the mushroom submerged culture at 25°C on a reciprocal shaker incubator at 200 rpm and pH 7 with a biological efficiency of 85.1%.
A Declarative Approach to Fairness in Relational Domains

AI and machine learning tools are being used with increasing frequency for decision making in domains that affect peoples’ lives such as employment, education, policing and ﬁnancial qualiﬁcations. These uses raise concerns about biases of algorithmic discrimination and have motivated the development of fairness-aware machine learning. However, existing fairness approaches are based solely on attributes of individuals. In many cases, discrimination is much more complex, and taking into account the social, organizational, and other connections between individuals is important. We introduce new notions of fairness that are able to capture the relational structure in a domain. We use ﬁrst-order logic to provide a ﬂexible and expressive language for specifying complex relational patterns of discrimination. Furthermore, we extend an existing statistical relational learning framework, probabilistic soft logic (PSL), to incorporate our deﬁnition of relational fairness. We refer to this fairness-aware framework FairPSL. FairPSL makes use of the logical deﬁnitions of fairnesss but also supports a probabilistic interpretation. In particular, we show how to perform maximum a posteriori (MAP) inference by exploiting probabilistic dependencies within the domain while avoiding violations of fairness guarantees. Preliminary empirical evaluation shows that we are able to make both accurate and fair decisions.
Controlling for Maturation in Pediatric Exercise Science

The process of maturation is continuous throughout childhood and adolescence. In a biological context, the effects of a child’s maturation might mask or be greater than the effects associated with exposure to exercise. Pediatric exercise scientists must therefore include an assessment of biological age in study designs so that the confounding effects of maturation can be controlled for. In order to understand how maturation can be assessed, it is important to appreciate that 1 year of chronological time is not equivalent to 1 year of biological time. Sex- and age-associated variations in the timing and tempo of biological maturation have long been recognized. This paper reviews some of the possible biological maturity indicators that the pediatric exercise scientist can use. As a result, we recommend that any of the methods discussed could be used for gender-specific comparisons. Gender-comparison studies should either use skeletal age or some form of somatic index.
A Literature Survey in Face Recognition Techniques

Face recognition is a technique in which images and patterns are analyzed and recognized. Face detection is known as the identification of face from a video or a image. Many improved techniques are implemented in face recognition in past ten years. Some well known methods in each category are overviewed and then benefits and drawbacks are mentioned and analyzed in this paper. For the purpose of recognizing the face, the most recent algorithms and the approaching technology methods are analyzed in this paper.
CReW: Cloud Resilience for Windows Guests through Monitored Virtualization

Clouds are complex systems subject to an increasing number of anomalies and threats. In this paper we briefly revisit the issues related to Windows guest cloud service resilience and later provide some preliminary results on the resilience of Windows cloud guests via virtualization. In particular, we propose an architecture, Cloud Resilience for Windows (CReW). CReW can transparently monitor guest Windows VMs and can also react to both security breaches and system integrity violation, improving the dependability of cloudified Windows systems. CReW can also improve resilience from software misconfiguration by restoring the guest latest safe state. Effectiveness and performance of a CReW prototype have been evaluated, obtained results show the feasibility of such a system.
Direct posterior confidence for out-of-vocabulary spoken term detection

Spoken term detection (STD) is a key technology for spoken information retrieval. As compared to the conventional speech transcription and keyword spotting, STD is an open-vocabulary task and has to address out-of-vocabulary (OOV) terms. Approaches based on subword units, for example phones, are widely used to solve the OOV issue; however, performance on OOV terms is still substantially inferior to that of in-vocabulary (INV) terms. The performance degradation on OOV terms can be attributed to a multitude of factors. One particular factor we address in this article is the unreliable confidence estimation caused by weak acoustic and language modeling due to the absence of OOV terms in the training corpora. We propose a direct posterior confidence derived from a discriminative model, such as multilayer perceptron (MLP). The new confidence considers a wide-range acoustic context which is usually important for speech recognition and retrieval; moreover, it localizes on detected speech segments and therefore avoids the impact of long-span word context which is usually unreliable for OOV term detection. In this article, we first develop an extensive discussion about the modeling weakness problem associated with OOV terms, and then propose our approach to address this problem based on direct poster confidence. Our experiments carried out on spontaneous and conversational multiparty meeting speech, demonstrate that the proposed technique provides a significant improvement in STD performance as compared to conventional lattice-based confidence, in particular for OOV terms. Furthermore, the new confidence estimation approach is fused with other advanced techniques for OOV treatment, such as stochastic pronunciation modeling and discriminative confidence normalization. This leads to an integrated solution for OOV term detection that results in a large performance improvement.
Parasitic infections causing diarrhoea among children less than six years at Al-Nasiriya province

This study aimed to determine the parasitic agents of diarrhoea in children aged less than six years. Out of 780 cases of diarrhea, 206 (26.41 %) had one or more parasitic infections and the remaining 574 (73.58 %) had other enteropathogenic agents of diarrhoea. There were 166 (21.98%) protozoal infections and 40 (5.12 %) helminthes. Male children were 113(45.8 %) and females were 93(44.68 %). The most common pathogens were Giardia lamblia 117 (56.79 %); Entamoeba histolytica 49 (23.78 %); Enterobius vermicularis 27 (13.10 %); Ascaris lumbricoides 9 (4.36 %) and Hymenolepis nana 4 (1.94 %). Moreover, the highest parasitic infections observed during summer months with bottle-feeding nutrition.
Study and Simulation of PV System Connected to Egyptian Electric Grid

1, Ahmed Emad-Eldeen, Adel A. Elbaset, Mustafa Abu-Zaher and Ramadan Mahmoud Mostafa Renewable Energy Science and Engineering Department, Faculty of Postgraduate Studies for Advanced Science, Beni-Suef University, Egypt Department of Electrical Engineering, Minia University, Elminia, Egypt Electronics Department, Faculty of Industrial Education, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, Egypt Electrical Department, Faculty of Industrial Education, Sohag University, Egypt
Staff Training to Improve Pain Care in Dementia: A Feasibility Study in Care Homes

This thesis examines the problem of pain under-treatment in older adults, particularly those with dementia, and explores the role of staff training in improving pain care practices. Part 1 is a literature review of educational interventions to improve pain management in residential care settings. This review explores the impact of educational interventions on pain care at three levels: staff competence; clinical practice; and patient outcomes. There is also consideration of the relevant barriers to implementation of staff training interventions. The main body of the thesis is Part 2, which is an empirical study examining the feasibility of a training intervention for care staff. The training focuses on enhancing beliefs of personhood in dementia alongside education in current best practice for assessing pain. The effects of the intervention on pain care practices and residents’ pain are examined, in addition to evaluating the influence on staff knowledge and beliefs. Acceptability of the intervention design and feasibility of study processes are also explored. The empirical paper is followed by Part 3, which is a critical appraisal of the work undertaken. A reflection on the process of delivering the training intervention is provided, with further consideration given to the barriers to change in pain care practices and wider challenges to conducting research in care homes. Successful strategies for mitigating barriers are discussed, and recommendations for future research are provided.
On the Global Properties of the Model of Developing Countries with Incomplete International Financial Market

Using a dynasty model of a representative consumer facing upward sloping supply curve of foreign debt, the characteristics of the dynamic paths of capital and consumption are examined both when the international borrowing interest rate increases with foreign debt, and with foreign-debt/capital ratio. The possibilities of bankruptcy and movement toward stationary sate are examined. JEL Classification Codes: F34, O11
J1.2 Linking weather and climate across time scales — A case study in Altay

Past long-term climate patterns is crucial for understanding current climate variance (Jone et al., 2001). The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC,1995) concluded that anthropogenic effects have influenced the global climate since the second half of the 19th century. To investigate past long-term natural climate change, natural mountain regions are as the ideal sites of climate research because they suffer less human impact compared to other low elevation places and can also provide annul tree-ring proxies. Our knowledge of climate in mountain regions is limited not only by sparse long-term observations and insufficient station network, but also by ignorance of complex interaction within and across scales in climate. In mountain climate research, dendrochronology has distinct advantages with two different techniques provide climatic information. One widely employed dendroecological method is to measure annual tree-ring width (TRW) and the other is to analyze maximum wood density (MWD) (Fritts, 1976; Schweingruber et al., 1979). Due to its high resolution, accuracy and continuity, long tree-ring chronology plays an increasingly significant role in climate research and has been successfully used to reconstruct climate covering lots of places all over the world, especially the four millennial North Hemisphere (NH) temperature series (Jones et al., 1998; Mann et al., 1999; Briffa, 2000; Crowley et al., 2000). ___________________________________________ * Corresponding author address: Hongjun Zhang, College of Resources and Environment, China Agricultural University, 100094 E-mail: zhanghj@cau.edu. cn Hemispheric-scale temperature reconstructions, however, provide little information concerning regional-scale climate change, especially for those places possessing a special geographical and ecological position. Altay is quite a special place that contains different topographic types and suffers diverse climate effects. However, few works have been done in the southern slopes of Altai Mountain, perhaps because of the short time span of instrumental data and accordingly short overlapping period for reconstruction. While variations in long-term climate change may be quite modest, extreme conditions and their frequencies may be noticed with great variance from our own experiences. An improved understanding of past and potential future global change can be obtained from extreme temperature events, providing a keen link between weather and climate. In the last few years, extreme weather events have received increasing attention due to the large loss of human life associated with increasing costs (Karl and Easterling, 1999). One of the major concerns with potential climate change is that an increase in extreme events, and therefore extreme temperatures is crucial for understanding the past and potential future global change (Bonsal et al., 2001). As a result, in addition to the reconstruction of past climate and interpretation of instrumental record, analyses of changes in weather extremes are also intensely required.
ANTIHYPERTENSIVE EFFECT OF MAGNESIUM SULFATE

The present study demonstrates the antihypertensive ® effect of magnesium sulfate (Cormagnesin ) and its combination with Furosemide on conscious spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) after intravenous infusion. Experiments were carried out on six groups of conscious male SHR (n=6). Under short anesthesia the rats were chronically instrumented for intravenous (i.v.) drug administration. The arterial blood pressure (AP) was ® measured by indirect tale method. Cormagnesin was applied by i.v. infusion in doses of 5, 20 and 40 mg/kg; and furosemide (10 mg/kg) was applied intraperitoneally. Experimental results showed significant decrease of AP ® after i.v. infusion of 20 mg/kg Cormagnesin as well as ® after application of the Cormagnesin and furosemide combination. The hypotensive effects of 40 mg/kg ® Cormagnesin and of furosemide were not significant. There was no significant difference between the ® antihypertensive effects of Cormagnesin and its combination with furosemide but the combination showed much better hypotensive effect than Furosemide (p<0.05). Our study demonstrated the antihypertensive effect of magnesium sulfate on conscious SHR after i.v. application. Our results suggest that the antihypertensive effect of magnesium sulfate in the doses applied is not dose-dependent. Magnesium sulfate potentiates the antihypertensive effect of furosemide in SHR.