Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Catheter-associated bloodstream infection incidence and risk factors in adults with cancer: A prospective cohort study

Abstract 1382 Poster Board I-404 Background: Central venous catheter-associated blood stream infections (CA-BSI) cause considerable morbidity in adult patients with hematologic cancers and solid tumors. A range of central venous access devices (CVAD) may be used across differing patient diagnoses and for varying indications. The aim of our study was to determine the incidence and risk factors for CA-BSI. Methods: A prospective observational cohort study of consecutive adult patients requiring a CVAD in a hematology-oncology unit (including autologous but not allogeneic transplantation) was performed. All CVADs were inserted under ultrasound guidance in a dedicated interventional radiology facility with peripherally inserted central venous catheters (PICCs) inserted in the basilic or cephalic vein and tunnelled lines, non-tunnelled lines and implantable ports inserted via the internal jugular vein. Standardized surveillance methods for CA-BSI were applied and data on CVAD complications were recorded. Results: 1119 CVADs were assessed in 723 patients over 50,478 line days. Median patient age was 55yrs and 56% were male. Patient diagnoses included aggressive hematologic malignancies (48%, includes AML (17%), MDS (1%), NHL (22%) and MM (8%)), Hodgkin lymphoma (3%), other hematologic malignancies (3%), oesophageal/colon/rectal cancers (26%), and all other solid tumors (20%). CVAD types included PICCs (71%), non-tunnelled lines (14%), tunnelled lines (14%), and implantable ports (1%). 291 lines were removed due to a clinical suspicion of infection, 133 of these had CA-BSI and 34 of these had a positive tip culture in addition to meeting the definition of CA-BSI. The four most common bacterial isolates were S. epidermidis (n=23), S. aureus (n=15), Pseudomonas sp (n=12) and Stenotrophomonas sp (n=10). The rate of CA-BSI per 1,000 line days was 2.63. In multivariate analysis, factors associated with CA-BSI included: type of CVAD (greatest for non-tunnelled lines (HR 3.67, p Conclusions: Incidence of CA-BSI in an Australian adult cancer population is comparable to other reports in the literature. This study highlights the utility of a standardised CA-BSI surveillance strategy in adult patients with cancer, provides further data to support the use of PICC lines in such patient populations, including patients with hematological malignancies, and suggests that the side of line insertion may influence CA-BSI. Disclosures: No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.
Common Anorectal Conditions

Anorectal disorders include a diverse group of pathologic disorders that generate significant patient discomfort and disability. Although these are frequently encountered in general medical practice, they often receive only casual attention and temporary relief. Diseases of the rectum and anus are common phenomena. Their prevalence in the general population is probably much higher than that seen in clinical practice, since most patients with symptoms referable to the anorectum do not seek medical attention. As doctors of first contact, general (family) practitioners (GPs) frequently face difficult questions concerning the optimum management of anorectal symptoms. While the examination and diagnosis of certain anorectal disorders can be challenging, it is a matter of concern that the physical examination of the anorectum is often inadequately performed in general clinical practice. The diagnosis and management of hemorrhoids, fissures, and pruritus ani, account on rough estimates, for more than 81% of the complaints centering around this part of the human anatomy. This brief treatise attempts to offer a safe and practical approach to the management of a variety of anorectal diseases. Brief description of the anal canal - The anus is the outlet to the gastrointestinal tract, and the rectum is the lower 10 to 15 cm of the large intestine. The anal canal starts at the anorectal junction and ends at the anal verge. The average length of the anal canal is 4 cm. The midpoint of the anal canal is called the dentate line. This dentate or pectinate line divides the squamous epithelium from the mucosal or columnar epithelium. Four to eight anal glands drain into the crypts of Morgagni at the level of the dentate line. Most rectal abscesses and fistulae originate in these glands. The dentate line also delineates the area where sensory fibers end. Above the dentate line, the rectum is supplied by stretch nerve fibers, and not pain nerve fibers. This allows many surgical procedures to be performed without anesthesia above the dentate line. Conversely, below the dentate line, there is extreme sensitivity, and the perianal area is one of the most sensitive areas of the body. The evacuation of bowel contents depends on action by the muscles of both the involuntary internal sphincter and the voluntary external sphincter. Symptomatology of the anorectal lesions The presentations of symptoms in patients with anorectal pathologies are mostly typical, but they may be misleading due to the patient’s understatement or underplaying of symptoms.
New Insights in Prognosis and Therapy of Chronic Lymphocytic Leukaemia

Chronic lymphocytic leukaemia (CLL) is a heterogeneous disease with a very variable clinical outcome. New biological markers, such as cytogenetic abnormalities or mutation status, have become important prognostic factors. Whole-genome sequenc‐ ing studies have revealed novel genomic mutations, NOTCH1, SF3B1, BIRC3, TP53 and MYD88 being the most important. All these mutations have also been associated with the disease outcome. The treatment of CLL has evolved favourably in recent years. However, adverse events or chemorefractoriness occurs in some cases. Luckily, an increasing number of compounds are under development with promising results. Some of these new targeted therapies include B-cell receptor inhibitors, new anti-CD20 antibodies, Bcl-2 inhibitors, immunomodulatory drugs or chimeric antigen receptors (CARs). In this chapter, we will conduct a review of the new prognostic markers of CLL, the relationship they have with each other to build prognostic scores, the role they have in guiding treatment decisions and the novel therapies that have emerged recently with immunologic, biochemical and genetic targets.
A case study on providing international students the opportunity to enhance performance through online engagement

International students who come from non-English speaking backgrounds (NESB) and are new to Australian university study can struggle with understanding information that is delivered verbally, particularly when delivered under the traditional lecture/tutorial or didactic approach. This can be compounded by large class numbers and cohorts dominated by local students who have grown up using English as their first language. This paper examines results by NESB students from Chinese universities who have studied the core unit of Professional Communication Practice in 2010 and 2011. These students came to the Lilydale campus of Swinburne University of Technology to complete Bachelor degrees under a collaborative articulated pathway program. The majority of these students have come from limited English-speaking environments. The paper analyses their results and uses contemporary literature to form conclusions on cognitive capabilities for the cohort when studying this introductory unit on-campus. The student results and literature review demonstrate that these NESB cohorts of students performed better when comprehending and consolidating knowledge delivered through interactivity involving text, or text-based content for instruction. This is particularly evidenced by the improved results for the second wave of NESB Chinese students, who were exposed to heightened “e-text based” transactional communication (based on a social media model), as opposed to a dominant ‘in-class verbal discussion’ mode of delivery.
The influence of gender and place of residence on cardiovascular diseases and their risk factors

CI: 95%( ثانلإا ىدل 0.63و ،)CI: 0.51-0.99 95%( روكذلا ىدل يئاعولا يبلقلا زاهلجا ضارمأ هيف ثدتح يذلا رمعلا ناك دقلو .) 0.44-0.91 . ةيفيرلا قطانلماو ةيرضلحا قطانلما يف ينكراشلما ينبو ،ثانلإاو روكذلا ينب ،يئاعولا يبلقلا زاهلجا ضارمأ ىلإ ةيدؤلما لماوعلا ىوقأ نم مدلا طغض عافترا ناكو لورتسلوكلا تايوتسم ةدايز تناك ثيح ةيفيرلا قطانلما يف ينكراشلما ءانثتساب . ضارملأا هذهل ةببسلما لماوعلا ىوقأ نم ةفاثكلا عفترلما ضارمأ ثودحب ةطبترلما رطلخا لماوع يف تافلاتخلاا ةساردلا ترهظأ :ةتماخ قورفلا هذه لثمو ،ةماقلإا ناكمو رمعلا ىلع كلذو يئاعولا يبلقلا زاهلجا زاهلجا ضارمأ دض ةيئاقولا تايتجارتسلاا عضو دنع رابتعلاا ينعب ذخؤت نأ بجي . ةماعلا ةحصلا يف يئاعولا يبلقلا
Antidiarrhoeal Activity of Aerva lanata in Experimentally Induced Diarrhoea in Rats

Aerva Lanata belongs to family Borogenaseae has been widely used in Indian folk medicine for treatment of urinary disorder, boils, cephalalgia, cough, strangury and lithiasis. This study was undertaken to evaluate the antidiarrhoeal effect of alcoholic extract of Aerva lanata by using different experimental models. It was found that both doses of extract showed significant protection against PGE2 induced enteropooling, which might be due to the inhibition of synthesis of prostaglandins that is responsible for diarrhoea. Antidiarrhoeal effect was accessed by castor oil induced diarrhoea, charcoal meal test and PGE2 induced diarrhoea. Loperamide (2 mg/kg) and atropine (0.1mg/kg) were used as standard drugs. Alcoholic extract was used in 400 and 800 mg/kg dose p.o.
Public Health Behaviour-Change Intervention Model for Jamaicans: Charting the Way Forward in Public Health

Health education and health promotion are driven based on understanding lifestyle practices of a population. The aims of the study are to construct health care demand and health promotion models, which are appropriate to the Jamaican population, and to determine the predictors of health care demand. The current research extracted a sub- sample of 16, 619 respondents from the sur vey, the Jamaica Survey of Living Conditions (JSLC), based on those who indicated having sought medical care in Jamaica. The sub-sample was taken from a nationally cross-sectional survey of 25,018 respondents from the 14 parishes in Jamaica. It was administered by the Planning Institute of Jamaica and the Statistical In stitute of Jamaica between July and October 2002. A self-administered questionnaire was used to collect the data. Majority of the respondents did not have private health insurance coverage (88.2%); 53.6% had a partner; and 35.2% were poor; 50.4% had at most primary level education. The predictors of health care demand are: health care demand in previous period (t-1) (OR = 0.049); illness (OR = 10.338); injury (OR = 2.370); social class (middle class: OR = 1.135; wealthy: OR = 1.394); per capita consumption (OR = 1.099); union status (OR = 0.845); gender (OR = 2.221); private health insurance coverage (OR = 1.942); age (OR = 1.022) and educational attainment of respondents (OR = 1.315). This study can be used to model critical health promotion emphasis in Jamaica, and any other country with similar socio-demographic and political characteristics.
Tuberculous brain abscess in a child with cystic fibrosis; a case report

Background: Tuberculous brain abscess is an extremely rare manifestation of tuberculous involvement of the central nervous system. In countries such as India where tuberculosis is fairly common, few cases of tuberculous brain abscess have been reported. Patient: The patient was an 8-year old boy presented with the diagnosis of cystic fibrosis and a history of tonic and clonic convulsions since 2 years ago with normal brain CT scan. Two months ago he became febrile and complained of severe headache that often awakened him up. Diagnosis of intracranial abscess was made clinically and the patient received ceftriaxon, amikacin and clindamycine; however, 2 weeks of treatment failed to show improvement. During craniotomy multiple cystic lesions and a mass of 9×3×8cm in frontoparietal area was found. After operation the patient developed severe hepatitis with elevated enzymes and bilirubin level due to anesthesia and anti- tuberculous treatment. Drugs were discontinued but fever persisted and he started a downhill course. While hepatitis was going to resolve, restarting antituberculous drugs flared up hepatitis and 3 days later he expired because of hepatic failure. Conclusion: Meningitis is an entity of tuberculous infection in subjects living in countries of high burden tuberculosis, thus, it should be kept in mind for suspicious subjects.
A study on knowledge, attitude and practices about organ donation among college students in Chennai, Tamil Nadu -2012

__________________________________________________________________________________________ Introduction: Assessment of knowledge, attitude and practices on organ donation is essential for better understanding of the community on different aspects of organ donation. It will further help us in improving health education initiatives thereby removing the hurdles behind organ donation. Purpose: To assess the knowledge, attitude and practice about organ donation among college students in Chennai, Tamil Nadu and to study the association of sociodemographic factors with knowledge, attitude and practice of organ donation among college students in Chennai, Tamil Nadu. Material and methods: A cross-sectional study was done among 440 students aged 18 years and above in Hindustan Arts & Science College, Chennai, Tamil Nadu. The students were interviewed with a pretested questionnaire. The study was conducted between January 2012 to September 2012. Results: Though all the participants were aware of the term organ donation, knowledge about different aspects was low. 86.1% were not aware of legislation. 75%of respondents were in favor of organ donation, but only about 2% were registered for organ donation. Conclusion: This study implies the need for intensified and sustained education campaign to raise the knowledge on organ donation and its practice among students.
Management of alloimmune thrombocytopenia: antenatal diagnosis and in utero transfusion of maternal platelets

Neonatal alloimmune thrombocytopenia (NAIT) can cause severe bleeding in the central nervous system (CNS) and death or severe neurologic sequelae. The expression of the PLA1 antigen is detectable as early as 19 weeks of gestation. Alloimmunization can therefore lead to fetal thrombocytopenia very early in pregnancy. Until recently, we have had no means of detecting and assessing the severity of fetal thrombocytopenia during pregnancy. The level of the maternal antibody is not of a predictable value since 20% of the mothers had no circulating antibodies in our series. An alternative approach is to carry out investigations on fetal blood samplings. This management leads to an exact knowledge of the fetal status and antenatal diagnosis is feasible as early as the 21st week of gestation. Early diagnosis facilitates appropriate management and makes possible such therapeutic options as in utero maternal platelet transfusions. We report our experience in the antenatal diagnosis and management of nine cases with in utero transfusion in the six cases with severe thrombocytopenia. All neonates did well, with no signs of bleeding at birth. No side effects of therapy were noted after a period ranging from 6 months to 3 years.
Running Head: Effect of MD vs PD on OSAS

We aimed to evaluate the effect of the Mediterranean diet (MD) compared with that of a prudent diet (PD) combined with physical activity on obese OSAS patients who were treated with CPAP. Nine hundred patients were evaluated and forty obese patients (body mass index: >30.0 kg/m) who met the inclusion criteria, with moderate to severe OSAS (apnoeahypopnoea index: >15 and daytime sleepiness: >10) based on overnight attended polysomnography, were included in the study. After randomization, 20 followed the MD and 20 a PD for a 6-month period. All patients were counselled to increase their physical activity. Concerning sleep parameters, only apnoea-hypopnoea index during rapid eye movement sleep (AHI/REM) was reduced to a statistically significant degree, by 18.4±17.6 in the MD group and by 2.6±23.7 in the PD group (p<0.05). The MD group showed also a greater reduction in waist circumference (WC) (-8.7±3.6), WC/height ratio (-0.04±0.02) and WC/hip ratio (-0.04±0.03), compared with the other group (5.7±3.8, -0.03±0.02, 0.02±0.02 and -2.6±1.7, respectively, p<0.05). Our results showed that the MD combined with physical activity for 6 months period was effective in reducing the AHI/REM without any statistical significant effect in the other sleep parameters, compared to a PD in obese adults with moderate to severe OSAS.
Role of human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells in the regulation of activation and apoptosis of hepatic stellate cell

Objective To evaluate the role of human umbilical cord derived mesenchymal stem cells (UC-MSCs) in the regulation of activation and apoptosis of hepatic stellate cells (LX-2 cells), and analyze its possible mechanisms. Methods The UC-MSCs were isolated and co-cultured with LX-2 cells with the ratio of 1:1 or 3:1(co-cultured or by Transwell). The effects of UCMSCs on the activation and apoptosis of LX-2 cells were analyzed by FACS analysis. Results HE, oil red O, alkaline phosphatase staining and phenotype detection showed that the UC-MSCs in our work met the standards of MSCs. In vitro, the ratio of LX-2 cells that expressed α-SMA was 52.7%, 43.9%(1:1) and 34.2%(3:1), 50.9% (1:1) and 31.2%(3:1) respectively, when LX-2 cells were cultured alone, co-cultured with UC-MSCs and cultured by Transwell. The inhibitory effect of UC-MSCs on the activation of LX-2 cells did not be reversed by hepatocyte growth factor (HGF). When LX-2 cells co-cultured with UC-MSCs by Transwell with the ratio of 1:1 and 1:3, the ratio of Annexin V+ LX-2 cells increased from 7.1% to 14.9% and 12.8% as compared with that when the cells were cultured alone (P<0.01). Conclusion Human UC-MSCs can inhibit the activation, and induce the apoptosis of hepatic stellate cells, which might be attributed to the secretion of cytokines, but not the cellular contact. Such effect can provide an important theoretical basis for the treatment of liver fibrosis by using MSCs. DOI: 10.11855/j.issn. 0577-7402.2014. 01.03
The prevalence of the metabolic syndrome in a male population with erectile dysfunction

Objectives: To establish the prevalence and the correlations of metabolic syndrome (MetS) with erectile dysfunction (ED). Materials and methods: A cohort of 1278 men with ages between 27 and 59 years (48,3±6,24), initially evaluated for ED from 2000 to 2005, was retrospectively assessed. Metabolic syndrome was considered according to the IDF Consensus derived from The National Cholesterol Education Program/ Adult Treatment Panel III. For ED assessment, it was used the Sexual Health Inventory for Men (SHIM) questionnaire. The cardiovascular risk (CVR) was assessed by the Systematic Coronary Risk Evaluation (SCORE) diagram. Each element of MetS was correlated with the severity of ED and with the CVR. Results: Organic ED was found in 1068 cases (83,57%), whereas psychological ED in 210 cases (16,42%). Prevalence of MetS was 30,14% (322 cases). ED was correlated with high waist circumference (j=0,884; p 15%) in MetS + ED vs. other organic causes of ED was: 24,73% vs. 9,14% (p<0,001). Conclusions: MetS is a frequent cause of ED that increases its severity degree. In people with MetS, ED predicts a highest CVR.
Engaging Head Start Families in Childhood Obesity Prevention: School-Home Communication about Childrenâ€™s Height and Weight Screenings

Head Start provides children with healthy, nutritious meals, physical activity opportunities, and health screenings, all of which are important components of combatting early childhood obesity. Communicating health screening information about a childâ€™s weight status to parents is one way to engage families in childhood obesity prevention efforts. This article describes a process that was used to develop and evaluate strategies for communicating with Head Start parents about their childâ€™s Body Mass Index.
Morbidity in Acute Myocardial Infarction in patients older than 60 years. Coronary Intensive Care Units- 2004

El Infarto Miocardio Agudo (IMA), se ha mantenido ano tras ano en la cumbre de las causas de muerte de los paises desarrollados y en vias de desarrollo, por lo anterior expuesto nos motivamos a realizar este trabajo para valorar la morbilidad por IMA en pacientes mayores de 60 anos en la Unidad de Cuidados Coronarios del Hospital Abel Santamaria en el ano 2004. Para ello de un universo de 347 pacientes se tomo una muestra de 219 y se revisaron las historias clinicas donde las principales variables a medir fueron edad, sexo, cara del corazon afectada y las complicaciones mas frecuentes, utilizando el metodo porcentual aritmetico, concluyendo que la edad mas frecuente oscilo entre 60 y 65 anos de edad, la cara del corazon afectada fue la anterior, el sexo el masculino y las complicaciones electricas fueron las mas frecuentes. Palabras clave: INFARTO AGUDO DEL MIOCARDIO, MORBILIDAD ABSTRACT Acute myocardial infarction (AMI) has maintained the pinnacle of the causes of death in developed and developing countries year after year, this was the motivation to conduct this research paper that was aimed at assessing the morbidity due to AMI in patients older than 60 years old in the Coronary Intensive Care Unit at “Abel Santamaria Cuadrado” University Hospital in 2004. The target group was comprised of 347 patients and the sample 219, clinical histories were examined and the main variables analyzed were age, sex, most affected face of the heart and frequent complications using arithmetic percentage methods. Conclusion: Ages most affected oscillated between 60 and 65, the affected face of the heart was the anterior, male sex prevailed and electric complications were the most frequent. Key words: Acute myocardial infarction/morbidity
Cost-reduced all-Gaussian universality with the Gottesman-Kitaev-Preskill code: Resource-theoretic approach to cost analysis

The Gottesman-Kitaev-Preskill (GKP) quantum error correcting code emerges as a key technique in achieving fault-tolerant quantum computation using photonic systems. Whereas a recent letter showed that experimentally tractable Gaussian operations combined with preparing a GKP codeword $\lvert 0 \rangle$ suffice to implement universal quantum computation, this implementation scheme involves a distillation of a logical magic state $\lvert H \rangle$ of the GKP code, which inevitably imposes a trade-off between implementation cost and fidelity. In contrast, we propose a scheme of preparing $\lvert H \rangle$ directly and combining Gaussian operations only with $\lvert H \rangle$ to achieve the universality without this magic state distillation. Our results lead to an essential reduction of required non-Gaussian resources for photonic fault-tolerant quantum computation compared to the previous scheme.