Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A Machine Learning Approach to Improve the Detection of CI Skip Commits

Continuous integration (CI) frameworks, such as Travis CI, are growing in popularity, encouraged by market trends towards speeding up the release cycle and building higher-quality software. A key facilitator of CI is to automatically build and run tests whenever a new commit is submitted/pushed. Despite the many advantages of using CI, it is known that the CI process can take a very long time to complete. One of the core causes for such delays is the fact that some commits (e.g., cosmetic changes) unnecessarily kick off the CI process. Therefore, the main goal of this paper is to automate the process of determining which commits can be CI skipped through the use of machine learning techniques. We first extracted 23 features from historical data of ten software repositories. Second, we conduct a study on the detection of CI skip commits using machine learning where we built a decision tree classifier. We then examine the accuracy of using the decision tree in detecting CI skip commits. Our results show that the decision tree can identify CI skip commits with an average AUC equal to 0.89. Furthermore, the top node analysis shows that the number of developers who changed the modified files, the CI-Skip rules, and commit message are the most important features to detect CI skip commits. Finally, we investigate the generalizability of identifying CI skip commits through applying cross-project validation, and our results show that the general classifier achieves an average 0.74 of AUC values.
Discrete representation of the Pareto set in multi-objective optimization

In multi-objective optimization, there is typically no optimal solution, i.e. one that is best for all the objectives. The solutions of interest are such that any solution which is better on one criterion is necessarily worse on at least one other criterion. The vectors of criterion values associated to those solutions are called non-dominated points. In multi-objective optimization, one of the main difficulties is the large cardinality of the set of non-dominated points (or Pareto set), which can be exponential with the size of the instance (see, e.g., [4]) or infinite. Therefore, it might be necessary to determine a good representation of the Pareto set so as to provide decision makers with a tractable set of points describing as well as possible the different choices (see, e.g., [2, 3, 6]). As outlined in [5, 9], the quality of a discrete representation of the Pareto set can be measured through three relevant dimensions: coverage which ensures that any non-dominated point is represented or covered by at least one point in the representation, spacing, also called uniformity, which ensures that any two points in the representation are sufficiently spaced, avoiding redundancies, and cardinality which should be minimal so as to make the representation as tractable as possible. Coverage is the most important dimension for the representation to be meaningful. A natural way to deal with it is to consider the (1 + ε)-dominance relation, which is an extension of the Pareto dominance relation including a tolerance threshold ε. Given ε > 0, a point y is said to (1 + ε)-dominate another point y′ if y is at least as good as y′ within a factor 1 + ε for all the objectives. This leads to the concept of ε-Pareto set, which is a set Pε of points such that for any non-dominated point y′ there exists a point y ∈ Pε which (1 + ε)-dominates y′ [8]. However there may exist many ε-Pareto sets, some of which can include redundancies and some of which can have a more or less small size. In order to avoid redundancies, the concept of (ε, ε′)-kernel has been recently introduced [2]. It is a particular ε-Pareto set that satisfies an additional property of stability which imposes that the points in this set have to be pairwise independent relatively to the (1 + ε′)-dominance relation, thus controlling spacing. In the bi-objective case, it is shown that an (ε, ε′)-kernel is a good discrete representation of the Pareto set, with guarantees on the three dimensions, which can be generated efficiently [2]. However, for more than two objectives, imposing a condition of spacing may impact negatively on the cardinality [2].
Heat stress and livestock adaptation: Neuro-endocrine regulation

Heat stress is the major intriguing factor influencing livestock production in the changing climatic condition. Therefore, research efforts are needed to identify thermotolerant breeds which can help to optimize livestock production during heat stress challenges. The heat tolerance in livestock is determined through various mechanisms and neuroendocrine regulation is one of the crucial pathways by which the animal survives the stressful condition. Hence, this paper is an attempt to elucidate the hidden intricacies of neuroendocrine mechanisms which helps the livestock to survive in a specific environment. The hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis plays a significant role in the release of several neurotransmitters and hormones which regulates the thermoregulatory mechanisms in animals. The corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH), adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) and glucocorticoids are the primary products of HPA axis which ultimately controls the stress response pathways in animals. The HPA axis regulates the energy partitioning for supporting the life-sustaining activities through the process of hepatic gluconeogenesis. Epinephrine and norepinephrine levels are found to be increased in heat stressed animal. These neurotransmitters regulate the cardiovascular rate during heat stress and ensure supply of blood to vital organs. The thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH), thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) and thyroid hormones (T3 and T4) are the components of metabolic pathway in regulating body heat production. Further, leptin secreted from adipocytes also considered being negatively influencing stress response. Further, aldosterone plays a pivotal role in electrolyte and fluid homeostasis and regulation of Na + and K+. The lactogenic hormone prolactin was found to be decreased while somatotropin hormone level was increased during heat stress reflecting negativity in milk production and growth. This indicates the complexity of the interaction between the neuroendocrine regulators to maintain homeostasis during heat stress in livestock. Generally, cortisol and thyroid hormones are considered to be important biological markers of neuroendocrine pathway regulation of adaptive mechanisms during heat stress in livestock.
Anonymizing medical data: developing a generalization algorithm that optimizes p -privacy

Context Researchers and medical institutions are obliged to protect the privacy of individuals from whom data has been collected. As a result, methods have been developed that aim to anonymize data such that they can be shared without the risk of breaching privacy. One popular method is generalization, which replaces each value in the data by a generalized, larger range of values. For example, instead of reporting that an individual is 50 years old, the generalized data might state that this individual is between 45 and 55 years old. As this tends to create more overlapping values among individuals, this will make it more difficult to identify individuals in the data, and hence to extract sensitive information.
Flow of molten metal in a pipe driven by electromagnetic field

Mathematical and computer modeling of these processes (carried out for the purpose of their optimization) is still a challenge. These tasks represent multiply coupled nonstationary and often nonlinear problems characterized by interaction of several physical fields (usually electromagnetic field, temperature field and field of flow) influencing one another. Even when high attention is paid to the topic (the books and papers in the domain abound, see, for example, [1-3]), a lot of tasks still remain unresolved.
A Serious Game to Teach Modeling, Operating and Maintenance of Industrial Plants

—With the technological advancement and the level of immersion that technology represents in our lives, new teaching methodologies must be developed. The use of serious games in education gains more space among researchers and educators, because of their immersive and playful power, facilitating the cognition of basic and advanced concepts. In this context, the focus of this paper is the development of an educational serious game to be used with high school and first years undergraduate students. It deals with elementary topics on modeling, operation and maintenance of industrial plants.
Factors Motivating the Customers’ SNS Brand Page Behavior: Comparison between China and Korea

Purpose – The wide spread and usage of SNS brand pages in companies has renovated the brand strategy in the new era. Embedded in an organically grown network of social ties, SNS brand pages show great differences from the ordinary online brand community. Called upon by the new research opportunities, this paper investigates the motivating factors (functional benefits, hedonic benefits, economic benefits and intrinsic benefits) influencing customers’ SNS brand page behavior (participation/commitment) in the cultural context of China and Korea, so as to provide meaningful implications to the companies’ effective use of SNS brand pages, and help global companies in their development of brand strategies for the two countries. Design/methodology/approach – In all, 407 Chinese and 384 Korean SNS brand page users were surveyed to conduct the above research agenda by structural equation modeling. Findings –prior motivating factor constructs are valid in influencing the consumers’ participation in and commitment to SNS brand pages in both countries, yet with dissimilarities in the significance and strength. Information seeking is not significantly correlated with the SNS brand page behavior in China, and convenience is found not correlate in Korea. Brand reputation in China and reward in Korea are the most influential factors of participation behavior. Interaction plays an important role in affecting commitment behavior in both countries. Participation has a positive impact on purchase intention in two countries, but only Chinese samples’ commitment has a positive impact on purchase intention.
Online Students’ Project Archive with Integration of Document Clustering and Annotation.

Project work is an indispensible aspect of learning. It impacts knowledge on the student (researcher), supervisor(s), and the entire public which could be used to achieve development goals. Carrying out a project involves an adventure into a task methodologically in order to achieve a mission. Project in most tertiary institutions in Nigeria are not always archived in a proper way. The system does not provide efficient and effective handling of research work by students. Improper documentation of students’ research, misplacement of chapters, student’s non-implementation of correction made by supervisors, and difficulty in sorting and retrieval of archived projects done by students are some of the problems. In this paper, an online students’ project archiving system with document clustering and annotation is designed and implemented. It provides a web based platform for researchers and their supervisors to interact using internet technologies involving document sharing, short messages service and secured online storage facilities. Object Oriented Analysis and Design Methodology was adopted while internet technology tools like Hypertext mark-up language (HTML), PhP, JavaScript, cascading style sheet,(CSS) and structured query language (SQL) were used. The system clusters each student’s project in the portal for quick and easy access. Implementation was done in www.jacoportal. com.
Exploitation of Default Parameter Values in Automated Algorithm Conﬁguration

Over the last few years, automated algorithm con-ﬁguration methods have achieved impressive success for a broad range of prominent AI problems. This increasingly encourages algorithm developers to expose parameters to the automated optimisation process, leading to substantially larger conﬁgura-tion spaces that are more challenging to search. In most cases, when exposing parameters, algorithm designers choose default values based on their intuition, understanding of the underlying behaviour involved and at least limited experimentation. In this work, we ﬁrst demonstrate that state-of-the-art automated algorithm conﬁguration procedures moderately exploit information provided by default parameter values. Then, based on insights given by previous work on parameter response landscapes, we introduce two simple techniques to utilise this information by focusing the search around the default parameter values. By reducing the range of possible values, and thus the size of the search space, we improve the efﬁciency of prominent automatic conﬁguration procedures for a broad range of widely used conﬁguration scenarios. Speciﬁ-cally, our reduction techniques increases the efﬁ-cacy of SMAC for 15 out of the 20 conﬁguration scenarios we studied, that of GGA++ for 7 out of the 9 scenarios, and that of irace for a scenario on which previously only minor improvements could be achieved.
The Influence of Business Risk on Audit Pricing and Fraud

Business risk approach to the audit is expected to provide a better basis for assessing indicator that might lead to financial statement fraud. In addition, high business risk of client, will lead to increased in auditor’s business risk which may damage the reputation of auditor as professional auditing practices. Thus, more audit works to perform to avoid auditor’s expected losses. Consequently, this supposes result in an increase on audit fee. Thus, this paper intends to develop a model to identify the relationship between business risk, fraud and audit fee. A sample of ten fraudulent companies and sample of 90 non fraudulent companies are being identified to achieve the objective. Stepwise logistic regression was employed. The results clearly indicate that business risk and audit fee entered the fraud prediction model.
THE EFFECT OF NANO-IRON CHELATED FERTILIZER ON AGRONOMIC ASPECTS OFMILLET-COWPEA INTERCROPPING

This study was conducted to evaluate the effects of spraying of nano-iron chelate on millet-cowpea intercropping with regard to the importance of nano-chelates in improving crop yield and environmental preservation and to achieve sustainable agriculture goals. The experimental design was split based on randomized complete block design with three replications during 2015, at research field of Agriculture and Natural Resources of Bampour, Iran. Spraying of nanochelated iron at 0, 1, 2 and 3‰ in two stages of branching and flowering comprising main-plots and 5 cropping systems including; millet sole culture, cowpea sole culture, 100% millet+20% cowpea, 100% millet+ 40% cowpea and 100% millet+ 60% cowpea. Results indicated that interaction of nano-iron chelate and cropping systems was significant on all studied traits (except leaf number of both crops and LER). Mean comparison revealed that the greatest millet grain yield was obtained from plant sprayed with nano-iron at concentration of 3‰ and millet sole culture equals to 1021.33 kg ha-1 and the lowest millet grain yield was obtained from non-sprayed plant and 100% millet+20% cowpea equals to 442.83 kg ha-1.The results of the experiment confirmed that nano-iron chelated was effective on intercropping of millet and cowpea, so that plant sprayed at concentration of 3‰ had greatest morphological characteristics and yield of the both crops.
Problems Linked to Cross-Border Mergers : Focused on the Company Located in the Czech Republic

To allow free movement of capital among the Member States, European Committee published the 10th European Directive no. 2005/56/EC about cross-border mergers. However there are still some big differences, which can disallow preceding this type of mergers. This paper points out barriers, which causing disability of cross-border mergers between the Merger States and points to some significant problems that may be for the candidate of merger interesting and complicate the process from the Czech perspective. This paper also describes types of mergers, merger process and reasons for mergers. After short introduction it describes differences in implementation of 10th European Directive into national laws of Merger states. Paper is extended from mergers to foreign entities enterprise branches, permanent establishments and organizational units settled by the Czech company broad or foreign company in the Czech Republic. Huge part of this paper is pointed at problems linked to crossborder merger, exactly problems with valuation and revaluation differences, which occurs at the merger process. Paper also describes international regulation of mergers, accurately aimed to IFRS 3 – business combinations. Keywords— cross-border, decisive day, IFRS, merger, valuation
Social and Environmental Reporting (SER) Practices in Banking Industry: Evidence from Bangladesh

The purpose of the study is to measure the extent of social and environmental reporting practices in banking industry of Bangladesh with reference to GRI G4 framework. For attaining the purpose of the study, content analysis methodology was applied. The sample size under this study was twenty eight conventional private commercial banks in Bangladesh. Social and environmental reporting items were selected from annual reports/ stand-alone sustainability report/integrated reports of the banking companies related to the financial year ended 2017. The study reveals that the overall level of social and environmental reporting is still at a low level. About 52.63% banking companies report social aspects with a major focus on society and 27.53% banking companies report environmental aspect with a lower focus on effluent and waste management. The findings of this study will be helpful to the policy makers and related stakeholders to create pressure on banking industry to comply with global social and environmental standards and guidelines.
Stability Analysis of a Delay-Difference SIS Epidemiological Model

Abstract We develop a discrete-time SIS model with exponential incidence and where the proportion of infectives takes the form of a delay-difference equation. This model generalizes a model developed by Cooke, Calf, and Level (1977) by allowing the period of infectivity to be of arbitrary length. The model is analyzed to determine the equilibria, its stability and threshold quantities. The endemic equilibrium state is globally asymptotically stable. The solution tends to the endemic equilibrium through infinite damped oscillation if the transmission parameter is greater than a critical value. This critical value is a function of the period of infectiousness.
Modeling of social and economic systems

The decision-making system in international organizations is still very conservative. The composition of international forums that can generate signifi cant international instruments has not changed for centuries. Only diplomats and representatives of international organizations whose credentials have been confi rmed in a certain way are admitted to international decision-making. The Internet Governance Forum (IGF), under the auspices of the UN, UNESCO and the International Telecommunication Union, was established in 2006 on the basis of the World Summit on the Information Society, which is today the world’s most authoritative international discussion forum on Internet governance, though its potential to achieve the best regulation of international Internet governance processes is not fully used. The basis for this regulation is the multistakeholder approach, which consists in a multiplicity of categories of the decision-making mechanism, including, in addition to the traditional representatives of states and international organizations, civil society, business, the academic and technical community, the media, and other interested stakeholders. This research is expected to provide guidance for improving the global Internet governance arrangements, taking into account the interests of all categories of participants, as well as to establish procedural rules for decision-making based on the multistakeholder approach in Internet governance to give the Internet Governance Forum the opportunity to adopt international “soft law” instruments. An example of this is the Draft Charter of Rights and Principles on the Internet, developed by the Dynamic Coalition on Human Rights and the principles of the Internet Governance Forum – something comparable to the Universal Declaration of Human Rights with regard to the Internet. The need to bring human rights instruments to the Internet determines the direction of the development of programs and policies in global Internet governance and the role of the Internet Governance Forum in these processes.
INFLUENCE OF SOAKING AND GERMINATION CONDITIONS ON THE γ-AMINOBUTYRIC ACID (GABA) CONTENT OF 2 RICE VARIETIES (IR 50404 AND JASMINE 85) FROM MEKONG DELTA

Effects of soaking conditions (time, temperature and pH of the soaking solution) and germination conditions (aerobic and anaerobic) on the γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) content of IR 50404 and Jasmine 85 rice varieties were investigated. The rice was kept in water at room temperature (30± 2C) and moisture content monitored until it reached the optimum absorption. The moisture content saturation attained after 6 h was 27.1 % and 32.7 % for IR 50404 and Jasmine 85, respectively. The pH values of soaking solution of pH 3 for IR 50404 and pH 2 for Jasmine 85 were optimal for production of GABA (70.37mg/100g for IR 50404 and 78.50 for Jasmine 85). Germination under anaerobic condition (10% CO2 concentration) yielded the highest GABA content after 30 hours.
Subjective Evaluation Of A Force Feedback Subsystem

— This paper discusses a subjective evaluation on different visual/tactual feedback modes for a virtual object manipulation task known the VisiTact system. The task consists of grasping an object, placing it against a vertical surface, sliding it over the surface and inserting it into a horizontal hole. The main objective is to determine the number and order of trials required for any further study, and to determine the number of participants needed for such advanced study. The study recommended that any further study should consider no less than four trial repetitions for each task. Additionally, any further research on the VisiTact should employ at least thirteen subjects to ensure that the results are adequate for such contact type tasks. However, the order, or randomisation, in which each of the modes is executed, was thought not to be important. It was assumed that the real task would yield a superior performance over all other modes, and that the participant’s performance will degrade as the user’s level of presence decreases.
Explainable Multi Agent Path Finding

Multi Agent Path Finding (MAPF) is the problem of planning paths for agents to reach their targets from their start locations, such that the agents do not collide while executing the plan. In safety-critical systems, the plan is typically checked by a human supervisor, who decides on whether to allow its execution. In such cases, we wish to convince the human that the plan is indeed collision free. To this end, we propose an explanation scheme for MAPF, which bases explanations on simplicity of visual verification by human’s cognitive process. The scheme decomposes a plan into segments such that within each segment, the paths of the agents are disjoint. Then, we can convince the supervisor that the plan is collision free using a small number of images (dubbed an explanation ). In addition, we can measure the simplicity of a plan by the number of segments required for the decomposition. We study the complexity of algorithmic problems that arise by the explanation scheme, as well as the tradeoff between the length (makespan) of a plan and its minimal decomposition. We also provide experimental results of our scheme both in a continuous and in a discrete setting.