Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
An information systems security framework for the e-Government Programme of Jordan

Any e-government programme provides e-services as one of the most important means by which the interaction between citizens, businesses and governments takes place. This has brought great opportunities but also raises serious cybersecurity challenges. Critical information assets are facing various potential security risks and threats. Information systems security is necessary to mitigate those risks and threats that are faced by the egovernment programme and to safeguard the confidentiality, integrity and availability of the available e-services. In light of the above, the aim of this study is to examine how information security is managed and approached within e-government programmes and the case study of the Ministry of ICT in Jordan informs that aim. The study deconstructs information security through the Technical/Formal/Informal (TFI) framework and enriches that framework by customising it for e-government, expanding it also to include citizens’ online trust. To achieve this aim, a qualitative investigation of the Jordanian egovernment programme was conducted by following the research design of a case study in the interpretivist tradition. Furthermore, a survey was used as a complementary phase to examine citizens’ perspectives on e-government security. By combining, analysing and reflecting on the empirical data, a consolidated information security framework was developed for different security aspects, based on the TFI model (technical, formal and informal). The dissertation contributes to the knowledge domain at the intersection of egovernment and cybersecurity both practically and theoretically, focusing on technical aspects and non-technical aspects as well. The proposed framework provides an overview of the TFI-categorised elements that can help governments reflect on and manage the security challenges of their corresponding e-government programmes.
Aging of Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stromal Cells: Hematopoiesis Disturbances and Potential Role in the Development of Hematologic Cancers

Simple Summary As for many other cancers, the risk of developing hematologic malignancies increases considerably as people age. In recent years, a growing number of studies have highlighted the influence of the aging microenvironment on hematopoiesis and tumor progression. Mesenchymal stromal cells are a major player in intercellular communication inside the bone marrow microenvironment involved in hematopoiesis support. With aging, their functions may be altered, leading to hematopoiesis disturbances which can lead to hematologic cancers. A good understanding of the mechanisms involved in mesenchymal stem cell aging and the consequences on hematopoiesis and tumor progression is therefore necessary for a better comprehension of hematologic malignancies and for the development of therapeutic approaches. Abstract Aging of bone marrow is a complex process that is involved in the development of many diseases, including hematologic cancers. The results obtained in this field of research, year after year, underline the important role of cross-talk between hematopoietic stem cells and their close environment. In bone marrow, mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) are a major player in cell-to-cell communication, presenting a wide range of functionalities, sometimes opposite, depending on the environmental conditions. Although these cells are actively studied for their therapeutic properties, their role in tumor progression remains unclear. One of the reasons for this is that the aging of MSCs has a direct impact on their behavior and on hematopoiesis. In addition, tumor progression is accompanied by dynamic remodeling of the bone marrow niche that may interfere with MSC functions. The present review presents the main features of MSC senescence in bone marrow and their implications in hematologic cancer progression.
Characterization of gold nanoparticle films: Rutherford backscattering spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy with image analysis, and atomic force microscopy

Gold nanoparticle films are of interest in several branches of science and technology, and accurate sample characterization is needed but technically demanding. We prepared such films by DC magnetron sputtering and recorded their mass thickness by Rutherford backscattering spectroscopy. The geometric thickness dg—from the substrate to the tops of the nanoparticles—was obtained by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) combined with image analysis as well as by atomic force microscopy (AFM). The various techniques yielded an internally consistent characterization of the films. In particular, very similar results for dg were obtained by SEM with image analysis and by AFM.
Comparison of Dye-Sensitized ZnO and TiO2 Solar Cells: Studies of Charge Transport and Carrier Lifetime

Nanocrystalline particles of ZnO and TiO2 of approximately equal size (∼15 nm) were used to prepare mesoporous electrodes for dye-sensitized solar cells. Electron transport in the solar cells was studied using intensity-modulated photocurrent spectroscopy and revealed very similar results for ZnO and TiO2. Apparent activation energies for electron transport in nanostructured ZnO of ≤0.1 eV were calculated from the temperature dependence of transport times under short-circuit conditions. The lifetime of electrons in the nanostructured semiconductors was evaluated from open-circuit voltage decay and intensity-modulated photovoltage spectroscopy. Significantly longer lifetimes were obtained with ZnO. Despite the reduced recombination, ZnO-based solar cells performed worse than TiO2 cells, which was attributed to a lower electron injection efficiency from excited dye molecules and/or a lower dye regeneration efficiency. The internal voltage in the nanostructured ZnO film under short-circuit conditions was abo.
Concentration-dependent self-assembly of a novel comb oligomer having rigid binaphthyl macrocyclic pendants

The synthesis and self-assembly of a comb Oligomer having rigid racemic binaphthyl macrocylic pendant groups are described. The coupling of two structural motifs at the molecular level, e.g., a nanometer-size chiral cavity, and a flexible polymeric backbone, cold lead to new opportunities in molecular recognition and separation. The macrocyclic monomers were synthesized followed by introduction of an acrylate side-group, and through free-radical polymerization, they yielded a comb oligomer. Most importantly, this novel oligomer can self-assemble into solid or hollow spheres when tetrahydrofuran (THF) solutions of the oligomer at different concentrations are dropped onto the surface of water. The morphology of the solid or hollow spheres was observed by TEM, ESEM and DLS.
Viscosity and velocity slip coefficients for gas mixtures: Measurements with a spinning rotor gauge

A selection of experimental measurements for He-Ar, He-N2, and He-Ne binary gas mixtures which were made with a spinning rotor gauge (SRG) are reported. All of the experiments were conducted in the slip regime. Theoretical results from a previous paper on the SRG are used to extract values of the viscosity and the velocity slip coefficient from the experimentally obtained data for each of the gas mixtures. The measured viscosities are in excellent agreement with existing literature values. Slip coefficients for binary gas mixtures have not previously been reported. An important issue here is whether the velocity slip coefficients for binary gas mixtures can be predicted accurately using separately measured tangential momentum accommodation coefficients. The calculation of slip coefficients from theory requires a knowledge of the accommodation coefficients of each constituent of the mixture. The dependence of these coefficients on the gas composition is not known and the simplest assumption is to regard th.
Mercury(II) Immobilized on Carbon Nanotubes: Synthesis, Characterization, and Redox Properties

Mercury(II)-modified carbon nanotubes can be readily prepared by reacting purified/oxidized carbon nanotubes (CNTs) with a Hg(NO3)2 aqueous solution. Two types of surface-confined Hg(II) species are formed and have been identified as (CNT-COO)2HgII and (CNT-O)2HgII. These two complexes have a surface concentration ratio of about 30%:70%, on the basis of data obtained from high-resolution XPS spectra, Raman spectroscopy, and electrochemical measurements. The electrochemical behavior of Hg(II)-modified CNTs adhered to electrode surfaces in contact with CH3CN (electrolyte) strongly depends on the nature of the working electrode used and the size of electrolyte cation. Significant voltammetric changes also are observed after the addition of water to the initially water-free acetonitrile electrolyte solution. At a glassy carbon electrode and using NaClO4 as the electrolyte, a proposed mechanism is operative. However, at a gold-coated quartz-crystal electrode, Hg formed after reduction reacts with the Au to for.
In vivo quantification of mTHPC fluorescence in skinfold observation chamber using excitation and detection towards the near infrared region

In this study, a ratiometric quantification method is developed and applied to monitor mesotetra(hydroxyphenyl) chlorin (mTHPC) pharmacokinetics in the rat skin-fold observation chamber. The method employs a combination of dual-wavelength excitation and dual-wavelength detection. The excitation and detection wavelengths were selected in close to NIR. The first excitation wavelength was used to excite the mTHPC and autofluorescence and the second to excite only autofluorescence, so that this could be substracted. Subsequently the difference was divided by the autofluorescence. Since the method applies division of signal with no mTHPC fluorescence, theory suggests on linear dependency of the method on photosensitizer concentration.
Water and Solute Movement in an Undisturbed, Macroporous Column: Extraction Pressure Effects

Undisturbed soil columns are commonly taken to conduct water and solute flow experiments. The proper boundary condition to impose at the bottom boundary of a soil column is most difficult to define and control. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of the magnitude of extraction pressure at the lower boundary of the soil column and the water application rate on the amount, distribution, and percentage of leachate and solute drained through the soil column. Water and Cl - were applied to a 325 by 325 by 339 mm undisturbed soil column of a Nolin silt loam soil (fine-silty, mixed, mesic Dystric Fluventic Eutrochrept). The soil column was placed on a collection chamber that allowed constant extraction pressures (0, - 1.3, or - 2.0 kPa) to be maintained at the lower boundary of the soil column. Water containing solute was applied at rates of 5, 10, and 15 mm h -1 . The leachate was partitioned into 100 cells. Flow of water and solute through macropores increased as the extraction pressure maintained at the lower boundary of the soil column increased, and as the application rate decreased. Extraction pressure had a greater effect on preferential flow than did application rate.
Transport coefficients of liquid butane near the boiling point by equilibrium molecular dynamics

We present very precise results for the linear viscosity, thermal conductivity, and self‐diffusion coefficient of the Ryckaert–Bellemans model of liquid butane near the boiling point, calculated from their respective Green–Kubo formulas using equilibrium molecular dynamics simulations. These results are used as a basis for the appraisal of previous calculations of these transport coefficients, which vary considerably. We find excellent agreement between our results and the results of the most precise nonequilibrium molecular dynamics simulations. We directly examine the system‐size dependence of these transport coefficients for system sizes between 64 and 864 molecules and find that it is negligible, within experimental errors, for the viscosity and the thermal conductivity. The self‐diffusion coefficient increases with increasing system size. The long‐time decay of the shear stress, heat flux, and velocity autocorrelation function is also discussed quantitatively.
Combined 135/137Ba Solid-State NMR at an Ultrahigh Magnetic Field and Computational Study of β-Barium Borate

β-Barium Borate (β-BBO or β-BaB2O4) is an important nonlinear optical material with many practical applications. In this work, we have directly probed the local Ba environment in β-BBO by acquiring static 135Ba and 137Ba solid-state NMR spectra at an ultrahigh magnetic field of 21.1 T. The observed spectra are completely dominated by the second-order quadrupolar interaction. The measured quadrupolar coupling constants are 14.9 and 22.8 MHz for 135Ba and 137Ba, respectively. A computational study of the electric field gradient tensor at Ba2+ was also performed using both plane-wave pseudopotentials (CASTEP) and ab initio (Gaussian 03) methods. Combining the experimental and theoretical results allows one to shed some light on the controversy regarding the true space group of β-BBO. We conclude that the space group R3c represents the true structure of β-BBO rather than does the space group R3. This work demonstrates that a combination of 135/137Ba NMR and theoretical calculations is a useful tool for charac.
Land Reform and Crop Production in South Korea in the mid-20th Century

Like most developing countries in the 20th century, South Korea implemented nationwide land reform in 1950 to completely abolish tenancy in the country. In spite of the exceptional success, its the effects has not received enough attention in the empirical economic analysis. Based on the unique data set covering the 1930s, 1950s, and 1960s at the county level, this study analyzes productivity effects of the land reform on two representative crops in South Korea: Rice and barley. The data set used here is notable especially in that this is the first to cover the 1950s of South Korea at the county level and barley production. This is also the second time to cover every province in the country. Using difference-in-difference and OLS estimation, results show that the land reform positively affected productivity growth of both crops in both shortand long-term perspectives. The magnitude of effect was larger in rice production than in barley, and their variations over time were also different by crops. Then this study moves onto pointing out incentive effect, wealth effect, and accumulation of human capital operated as possible mechanisms.
Metall-π-Komplexe von Benzolderivaten, XXI [1]. Bis(η1.2.3.4.4a.9a-anthracen)chrom und Bis(η1.2.3.4.4a.9a-9.10-dihydroanthrancen)- chrom durch Metallatom-Ligand-Cokondensation / Metal-π-Complexes of Benzene Derivatives, XXI [1]. Bis(η1.2.3.4.4a.9a-anthracene)chromium and Bis(η1.2.3.4.4a.9a-9,10-dihy

Cocondensation of chromium atoms with anthracene vapor affords bis(η1.2.3.4.4a.9a-anthracene)- chromium (1) which was characterized as the radical cation 1+̣ in fluid solution by means of ESR spectroscopy. Conspicuous features of this new π-complex are the ease of ligand displacement (τ1/2 ≈ 10 min. THF, 233 K) and the ready hydrogenation in 9,10-position of the ligand which already occurs under mild conditions (e.g. methanol). The product of hydrogenation, bis (η1.2.3.4.4a.9a-9,10-dihydroanthracene)chromium (2) was synthesized independently and studied by 1H, 13C NMR (2) and ESR(2+̣) spectroscopy. A qualitative rationalization is given for the observed trend of increasing lability and propensity to hydrogenation: (η6-biphenyl)2chromium < (η6-phenanthrene)2chromium < (η6-naphthalene)2chromium < (η6-anthracene)2chromium.
First principles study of the electronic properties of MgO under pressure

We have studied the electronic properties of MgO by first principles (CASTEP program). The calculated band gap of MgO shows MgO is an insulator. Pressure increases the band gap from 4.253 to 7.585 eV. The band above the Fermi level shifts to higher energy, while the band below the Fermi level shifts to lower energy. The shift comes from effect of pressure. The density of states (DOS) have been calculated and the relations between band and DOS have been discussed. The DOS also have shift and the shifts is according to the shifts in band. The electronic properties have also been calculated. We also find the pressure shifts the electronic properties to higher energy. The electronic shift come from the increased band gap. Our result provides a reference for future experiments.
Histopathological Chromogranin A-Positivity Is Associated with Right-Sided Colorectal Cancers and Worse Prognosis

Simple Summary Several factors are known to affect colorectal cancer (CRC) patient survival, including elevated platelet counts (thrombocytosis) and chromogranin A-positive neuroendocrine-cell differentiation (CgA+). Thrombocytosis can occur due to biochemical changes caused by the tumor itself (known as paraneoplastic thrombocytosis) or due to the bleeding of the tumor (reactive thrombocytosis). Our effort was primarily focused on (1) determining if CgA+ and paraneoplastic thrombocytosis combined can affect CRC and (2) finding out if there is a possible connection between the two. With the help of chromogranin A immunohistochemical staining, the measurement of circulating biochemical markers of paraneoplastic thrombocytosis (interleukin-6 and thrombopoietin) and chromogranins A and -B, indication was found that CRC combined with CgA+ has a well-distinguishable pathophysiology, compared to CRCs without CgA+. A possible, new subtype of CRC is proposed, which can be identified easily with chromogranin A immunohistochemical staining. However, its impact should be further studied. Abstract Background: Colorectal cancer (CRC) is known to be affected by paraneoplastic thrombocytosis and chromogranin A-positive neuroendocrine-cell differentiation (CgA+). Their combined effect has never been previously investigated. Methods: A prospective cohort pilot study of 42 CRC patients and 42 age- and sex-matched controls was carried out. Plasma interleukin-6, thrombopoietin, and serum chromogranin A and -B were measured; furthermore, tumor tissue was immunohistochemically stained for CgA+. Results: Twenty-seven and 15 patients were assigned to the chromogranin A-negative (CgA−) and CgA+ groups, respectively. Within the CgA+ group, right-sided tumors were more frequent (18.5% vs. 53.3%), no stage I cancer was found, and patients of this group were in worse general condition. Compared to control subjects, chromogranin A level was higher in the CgA+ group (p = 0.0086), thrombopoietin (p = 0.0040) and chromogranin B (p = 0.0070) in the CgA− group, while interleukin-6 was high in both tumor groups (p ≤ 0.0090). Survival was significantly worse in the CgA+ group (hazard ratio: 5.73; p = 0.0378). Conclusions: Different thrombopoietin levels indicated distinct thrombocytosis types. Within the two CRC groups, serum levels of chromogranins changed in different directions suggesting two well-distinguishable pathophysiologies. Based on these observations we propose a new subtype of CRC, which can be characterized by chromogranin A-positive neuroendocrine-cell differentiation.
Core models of a‐edge threading dislocations in wurtzite III(Al,Ga,In)‐nitrides

An empirical bond‐order many body interatomic Tersoff potential is used for atomistic calculations of the multiple atomic configurations (5/7, 8 and 4) of the a‐edge threading dislocations in III(Al,Ga,In)‐N compound semiconductors. Structural‐ and energy‐related conclusions are drawn which are attributed to the complexity of the III–III metal type and N–N interactions (bondGa–Ga < bondAl–Al < bondIn–In) in connection with the difference of the lattice parameters (aAlN < aGaN < aInN) and the elastic constants. The 5/7‐atomic core configuration is calculated as the most energetically and structurally favourable in all the three compounds. Taking the 5/7‐atom model as a reference, the 8‐atom core model becomes the next favourable one when the lattice parameter increases (aInN) while the 4‐atom core model is the second energetically favourable when the lattice parameter decreases (aAlN).
Modeling the Porosity Evolution of a Powder under Uniaxial Compression

The purpose of this work is to present a new model describing the evolution of powder porosity versus applied pressure during uniaxial compression. This model is based on quasi-chemical treatments and population balances. It is generally admitted that compression is composed of four steps: a first reorganization of the initial particles, a fragmentation of some initial particles, a second rearrangement of the initial and secondary particle mixture and a plastic deformation stage. So the model is constructed around these four steps. Experimental results on eighteen different powders show a fair agreement with theoretical results and material physical constant values. The use of this model can allow classifying the reorganization, fragmentation and plastic deformation abilities of the products and it will be useful in order to optimize the elaboration process.
Sedimentation field flow fractionation combined with multi angle laser light scattering applied for characterization of starch polymers

Sedimentation Field Flow Fractionation in combination with multi angle laser light scattering was applied to fully destructured potato and waxy corn starches to investigate the molecular weight and radius distributions of the starch components. In a range of radii betwen 50 and 500nm, information could be obtained about the influence of the medium conditions on the distributions. The averages of molecular weight and particle radius were found to decrease when holding the solution at a given temperature for an extended period of time (from 20min up to 60min) and when the temperature was increased (from 160°C up to 175°C). The molecular weight and radii of gyration of the dissolved starch species typically ranged from 10 6 to 10 9 daltons and 50nm-500nm respectively. Changes in the distributions due to different conditions during the dissolution process where also recognized by changes in the shape of the distribution curve. Thus the applied technique gave satisfactory results in a high molecular weight region where SEC fails.
Influence of consortium of endophytic nitrogen fixing bacteria with levels of nitrogen on yield attributing characters of Pre-Seasonal sugarcane (Second Ratoon)

A field experiment was conducted during the year 2015-16 at the Post Graduate Institute Farm, Mahatma Phule Krishi Vidyapeeth, and Rahuri, to study the “Effect of consortium of endophytic nitrogen fixing bacteria on yield, quality and nutrient uptake of pre-seasonal sugarcane (second ratoon). The experiment was laid out in randomised block design with four replications and six treatments. There were four levels of nitrogen 0, 25, 50 and 100% and 100% P2O5, 100% K2O along with and without foliar spray of consortium of endophytic nitrogen fixing bacteria. The result of the experiment revealed that Total cane height, Millable cane height, Girth of internodes, Length of internodes and No. of millable canes of pre-seasonal sugarcane (second ratoon) were increased with foliar spray of consortium of endophytic bacteria along with 25% N of RDF. Among all the treatments, 100% N (RDF) recorded significantly highest yield attributing characters.
Combined infrared and electron diffraction study of the polymorphism of native celluloses

Cellulose samples of various origins were subjected to heat annealing. The initial samples contained various proportions of Iα (triclinic) and Iβ (monoclinic) phases. They could be classified into two families: a family I where the amount of the phase Iα was either small or below detection and a family II where this phase was the major component. The annealing treatment revealed that the Iα phase was metastable as it could be converted totally to the stable Iβ phase