Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Plant Watering Management System using Fuzzy Logic Approach in Oil Palm Nursery

Plant watering is an important part of a nursery production. In oil palm plantation, the nursery is the basis to produce healthy seedlings. In nurseries, several plants of different stages of their growth are raised. Therefore, timely and right amount supply of water is essential. Thus, a proper arrangement should be made to meet the water requirement of a nursery. Nursery supervisor may face difficulties to acquire the exact amount of water requirement needed by plants due to factors like rainfall and watering time. The decision to determine the amount of required water is crucial to avoid excessive or inadequate water supply, which gives bad effects to the plant’s growth. Therefore, Water Management System based on fuzzy approach is introduced to help nursery supervisor to manage the watering system in the nursery appropriately. External factors of rainfall and watering time are used to determine sufficient amount of water based on fuzzy logic approach. Nursery supervisor can view watering simulation, which shows the watering status of each plant bed in the nursery. This system emphasizes its benefit to assist nursery supervisor to manage and monitor a watering task for a better nursery management.
CONVENTIONAL TO COMPONENT-BASED SOFTWARE: A CRITICAL SURVEY ON INTERACTION AND INTEGRATION COMPLEXITIES

There are various standard paradigms of software development including conventional, modular, object-oriented and component-based software engineering (CBSE). Interaction and integration complexities of various piece of code play a vital role in the overall behavior of software. As the code count increases the interaction level of software also increases as per the requirements of the software. In this paper we perform a critical literature survey on the works of eminent researchers and practitioners. In this work we analyze three paradigms of development, namely, conventional software, object-oriented software and component-based software (CBS). In this survey, we have considered three parameters of comparison: measures and metrics used, key findings, and factors affecting the interaction and integration behavior of software.
Neural Engineering (Computational Neuroscience Series): Computational, Representation, and Dynamics in Neurobiological Systems

From the Publisher: For years, researchers have used the theoretical tools of engineering to understand neural systems, but much of this work has been conducted in relative isolation. In Neural Engineering, Chris Eliasmith and Charles Anderson provide a synthesis of the disparate approaches current in computational neuroscience, incorporating ideas from neural coding, neural computation, physiology, communications theory, control theory, dynamics, and probability theory. This synthesis, they argue, enables novel theoretical and practical insights into the functioning of neural systems. Such insights are pertinent to experimental and computational neuroscientists and to engineers, physicists, and computer scientists interested in how their quantitative tools relate to the brain. The authors present three principles of neural engineering based on the representation of signals by neural ensembles, transformations of these representations through neuronal coupling weights, and the integration of control theory and neural dynamics. Through detailed examples and in-depth discussion, they make the case that these guiding principles constitute a useful theory for generating large-scale models of neurobiological function. A software package written in MatLab for use with their methodology, as well as examples, course notes, exercises, documentation, and other material, are available on the Web.
Public sphere and echo chambers in Belgian media discussion threads

Extended Abstract From the idealized Habermasian public sphere to the criticized “echo chambers”: online forums were often described as spaces where a potential democratic ideal can unfold [3] whereas recent research tends to be more cautious, often arguing in the opposite direction with variation in the nature of the communication space, user political leaning or online behavior [5, 1]. In this research we investigate political polarization in online discussions on a selected set of media Facebook pages before the 2014 federal Belgian election. Data were collected through Facebook API and two interlinked data-sets were constructed in order to 1) classify users into a political community; 2) model political diversity of users commenting on media pages . The ﬁrst step in the analysis aims to produce a political identiﬁer for each user active on the political pages the 3 month before and after the 2014 elections. A network is constructed made of 177 000 users and 830 Facebook pages of parties and politicians making up its nodes. The edges between those entities are the likes users performed on each page’s posts. On this network we aim to detect communities of similar users: as of the date of data collection 1 user’s political preferences and biographical information were hidden from our data collection apparatus. We had only access to what they “liked” on a page by page basis. Hence, users political orientation are proxied through their liking pattern on political parties pages: 23 communities of users were detected using the “Louvain” algorithm [2]. The largest parties pulled into an independent group while smallest are aggregated into clusters from similar ideological afﬁliation. The second step investigate users interaction on Belgian media pages from the previously deﬁned network. The challenge is to grasp the space of communication deﬁned by a post and its comments . We decide to measure political polarization by means of Shannon-Weaver entropy [6]. For each media post, the entropy is computed from vector containing the distribution of users’ comments from each political community on said posts. Once provided with a scale of political heterogeneity, we plug this metric in a multilevel
Development of Cyber Police

What first word comes in a person’s mind when he/she is in trouble or has confronted with a crime? i.e. “call the police. ” The word police itself give a sense of security and responsibility in our mind that the police will protect us from crime and will help in maintaining the law and order. However, with the advancement in technology and with the recent developments, the crimes have widened themselves. They are not only limited to physical world but have expanded themselves also to the virtual world. The netizens have involved themselves into the deep virtual world and hereby exposed themselves to the crimes which are committed on the internet such as stalking, personality impersonification etc. To cope up with such cyber-crimes our police needs to be aware of such cybercrimes and must be trained enough with the new technologies to protect us in the virtual world. To accomplish this, India needs to go a long way. What all steps can be taken are discussed in this paper to make our police system more modified and up to date to cope up with these cybercrimes.
Study of Various Techniques used in VANET Applications

: VANETs stands for Vehicle ad hoc Networks is a sub part of Mobile ad hoc Networks (MANETs) which are used during commutes for different purpose by different device but the main purpose of it is that to improve security on road with comfort of passenger and traffic management. It also integrates the new generation of wireless network to vehicle. It is self-organizing and autonomous wireless communication network, where every one of the nodes in VANET includes themselves as servers or client for exchanging and sharing information. A vehicle will speak with other vehicles directly and that is Vehicle to Vehicle (V2V) communication, either a vehicle can communicate the Vehicle to Infrastructure (V2I) called Road Side Unit (RSU). In this paper various challenges related to transport has been discussed. Also a comparison of various techniques used in VANET has been provided.
Measuring Social Cohesion and Social Capital within the Context of Community Food Security: A Confirmatory Factor Analysis

ABSTRACT This study uses a community food security (CFS) framework to understand how social capital and social cohesion may address food security. We assessed the presence of these constructs using a confirmatory factor analysis in the context of a community food assessment (N = 563). Social capital, social cohesion, and community food participation (e.g., CSAs, farmers’ markets, gardens) were unique factor structures that could lead to development and testing community-based interventions to improve food security, food access, and health. We provide a discussion of the conceptualization and measurement of these constructs, and offer areas of improvement helpful to practitioners and researchers.
An analysis of a connectionist internal representation: do RAAM networks produce truly distributed representations?

The use of a concatenative composition function for structured representations is ubiquitous in symbolic systems. This dominating prevalence has lead some researchers to believe that any system that can perform complex cognitive tasks must use a representational system based on this type of composition. This view has been challenged of late by connectionists. They have developed systems that do not appear to use a concatenative representation, but are able to do tasks that it was claimed could only be done with concatenative representations. A significant number of these works have been based on the Recursive Auto Associative Memory (RAAM) model introduced by Pollack (1988, 1990). The work presented in this dissertation investigates the validity of these claims by analyzing the internal representations of one of the systems on which these claims are based. The results presented indicate that these internal representations do not have the holistic characteristic that is claimed for them. In fact, they are very close in nature to the localist representation used by traditional symbolic systems. It is shown that the representation used by these RAAM based systems can be manipulated in a manner very similar to the ones used in symbolic systems.
Professionalization and its consequences: how active advocacy may undermine democracy

ABSTRACT Research question: The paper aims to build knowledge on the trade-offs and unintended consequences of professionalization in the context of sport policy advocacy. Two questions are addressed: (1) What institutional roles make up the sport policy ‘advocacy team’ and what trade-offs are inherent in the formation of this team? (2) How do the unintended consequences of this trade-off precipitate a cross-level diffusion of professionalization? Research methods: Data from interviews with 46 staff and elected representatives of 19 Swedish Regional Sport Federations forms the empirical base. Results and findings: The formation of the advocacy team points to an efficiency/democracy trade-off. An unintended consequence of this is a cross-level diffusion of professionalization that undermines the general standing of elected boards. Implications: Management should consider the trade-offs inherent in professionalization reforms, because in some cases they may contain the seed of their own reconstruction and reflect ill-considered management practice.
An Overview of Pattern Recognition Methods on Texture Classification

Pattern recognition (PR) is a subject that deals with the identification or interpretation of the pattern in an image. It aims to extract information about the image to classify its contents. Inputs are in the form of digitized binary valued 2D images or textures containing the pattern to be classified. The analysis and recognition of the patterns such as images and textures are becoming more and more complex and multiform. This is because in general the patterns to be analyzed are shifting from simple to complex, and because the patterns of heavy variations and with heavy noise have to be treated. Therefore it is proposed to develop sophisticated strategies of pattern analysis to cope with these difficulties. In this paper three basic approaches of pattern recognition are analyzed: statistical pattern recognition, structural pattern recognition and neural pattern recognition. In the statistical approach the recognition is based on the decision boundaries that are established in the feature space by statistical distribution of the patterns. In the structural (syntactic) approach each pattern class is defined by a structural description or representation. The recognition is performed according to the similarity of structures. This is based on the fact that the significant information is not only the features but also the relationships consisting among the features. In the neural network based approach the artificial neural networks are able to form complex decision regions for pattern recognition. The present work involves in the study of Pattern recognition methods on Texture Classifications.
Optimistic Tone and Audit Fees: Some Australian Evidence

We examine whether the tone of corporate annual reports is associated with audit pricing decisions. A unique dataset drawn from annual reports of nonfinancial firms listed on the Australian Stock Exchange for the period from 2002 to 2014 is generated using textual analysis. We find that annual reports that convey optimistic tone are associated with lower audit fees, suggesting that annual report tone reflects factors that auditors consider in assessing audit risk. Consistent with the inverse association between tone and audit fees, results of additional analysis show that annual report tone is positively associated with earnings quality. Our results hold after controlling for firm characteristics that influence audit pricing decisions and remain robust to alternative variable measurement and test of endogeneity. Overall, the findings suggest that auditors could enhance their audit risk assessment practices by systematically considering linguistic attributes of qualitative corporate disclosures.
Perspectives on human resource management in organisations in the Czech Republic and the Slovak Republic

The article focuses on perspectives on human resource management in organisations in the Czech Republic and the Slovak Republic. The aim of the article is to compare the levels of human resource management in the Czech Republic and the Slovak Republic, to test the dependencies between selected qualitative features that relate to the issues examined, to compare the results obtained in the Czech Republic with the preliminary results from the next period and to make recommendations for Czech organisations in the area of human resource management. Based on the questionnaire survey (n1 = 109, n2 = 340), the levels of human resource management in seven areas are compared: (1) evaluation of the implementation of key strategic documents, (2) formation of labour potential, (3) employee development, (4) employee relationships and communication, (5) organisational culture, (6) innovation and (7) ensuring knowledge continuity. Within the scope of the areas observed, selected results are evaluated further according to more detailed criteria: the economic sector, the area in which organisations operate and the size of the market. The results of the survey show that in the Czech Republic and in the Slovak Republic there are no significant statistical differences in the level of human resource management.
A review to economic dispatch of hybrid microgrids

Hybrid Microgrids are being widespread for power generation in remote locations. The improvement in non-conventional energy sources and rise in the price of existing electrical energy production sources led to the advancement of hybrid renewable sources. Economic characteristics of these technologies are adequately capable to include in emerging power generation. Advances and research in solar, wind and other non-conventional energy sources are required to continue for improving their performance, creating techniques for exactly forecasting their outputs and reliably integrating with other conventional sources used for generation. Economic dispatch is being taken into consideration as the optimal output of the electricity generation facilities. These are to be met as per the load at the lowest possible cost. The problem on Economic Dispatch (ED) and different technical constraints considering power balance in the network satisfying the objective are to be formulated. This paper presents a brief review on economic dispatch of hybrid microgrids.
Error propagation in pattern recognition systems: Impact of quality on fingerprint categorization

ERROR PROPAGATION IN PATTERN RECOGNITION SYSTEMS: IMPACT OF QUALITY ON FINGERPRINT CATEGORIZATION by Jakub Mocny University of New Hampshire, December, 2007 The aspect o f quality in pattern classification has recently been explored in the context o f biometric identification and authentication systems. The results presented in the literature indicate that incorporating information about quality o f the input pattern leads to improved classification performance. The quality itself, however, can be defined in a num ber o f ways, and its role in the various stages o f pattern classification is often ambiguous or ad hoc. In this dissertation a more systematic approach to the incorporation o f localized quality metrics into the pattern recognition process is developed for the specific task o f fingerprint categorization. Quality is defined not as an intrinsic property o f the image, but rather in terms o f a set o f defects introduced to it. A number o f fingerprint images have been examined and the important quality defects have been identified and modeled in a m athematically tractable way. The models are flexible and can be used to generate synthetic images that can facilitate algorithm development and large scale, less time consuming performance testing. The effect o f quality defects on various stages o f the fingerprint recognition process are examined both analytically and empirically. For these defect models, it is shown that the uncertainty o f parameter estimates, i.e. extracted fingerprint features, is the key quantity that can be calculated and propagated forward through the stages o f the fingerprint classification process. M odified image processing techniques that explicitly utilize local quality metrics in the extraction o f features useful in fingerprint classification, such as ridge orientation flow field, are presented and their performance is investigated. Reproduced with permission of the copyright owner. Further reproduction prohibited without permission. CHAPTER
A Resource-Efficient IP-based Network Architecture for In-Vehicle Communication

This dissertation investigates various aspects of network design and planning for future in-vehicle data communication. The major issues addressed are network architecture and topology design, network dimensioning, and a resource-efficient streaming. Standardized IT communication protocols are investigated to design a heterogeneous and all-IP-based in-vehicle network architecture. A static network dimensioning method is derived analytically and validated via simulation. Besides video compression in driver assistance camera systems, traffic shaping is used to reduce the required network resources and consequently the cost. A novel traffic shaping algorithm is presented that outperforms other traffic shapers in terms of resource usage when applied to video sources under certain topology constraints. Finally, an experimental prototype is introduced that demonstrates the applicability of the proposed IP-based network in a real car.
Key drivers of the changing prevalence of child marriage in three countries in South Asia

This study provides empirical evidence on the cross-sectional and temporal effects of micro-level and macro-level factors on child marriage in three South Asian countries, namely Bangladesh, Nepal and Pakistan. While micro-level effects on child marriage are extensively documented, the effects of macro-level drivers remain an open area of inquiry. To the extent that child marriage leads to limited opportunities and violation of basic human rights, this research seeks primarily to investigate those macro-level circumstances that are most effective in reducing the prevalence of child marriage in selected contexts. This study defines child marriage as a legal or customary union between two individuals, of whom one or both parties are younger than 18 years of age.
Análisis de Analogías en la Mecánica Computacional y Estructural

En este trabajo se discute el uso de analogias en la mecanica de estructuras y mecanica computacional. La esencia de las analogias es considerar un objeto o situacion en un contexto y establecer relaciones de similitud con otro objeto o situacion en otro contexto. Una de las formas para analizar una analogia es establecer un mapeo entre dos dominios considerados, que se conocen generalmente como dominio-fuente y dominio-meta. En este trabajo se caracteriza el mapeo a traves de relaciones que son genericas e independientes del problema fisico. Se analizan varios casos de analogias en la mecanica de estructuras y la mecanica computacional. Se enfatizan los procedimientos involucrados en el razonamiento analogico, y se ponen en evidencia las reglas de mapeo estructurado. Adicionalmente, se considera cuando y como se hace inferencia a las conclusiones a partir del dominio fuente, con el fin de poner en evidencia las limitaciones de las analogias.
Ageing and productivity growth in OECD regions

OECD countries and their regions are ageing fast. In principle, the negative impact of ageing on the growth rate of per capita gross domestic product could be offset by increases in productivity. However, for many regions, productivity growth required to maintain per capita GDP levels constant has been higher than the actual growth rates they recorded in the past years. One reason for this is that ageing also has a direct negative impact on productivity growth, with the effect being concentrated in urban areas. One possible explanation is that cities specialise in sectors, such as tradable services, where the content of tasks makes it difficult to automate stages of the production process and where business dynamism, negatively affected by demographic change, is a more solid driver of productivity growth. Finally, ageing seems to be associated with a redistribution of revenues away from workers and towards capital and firm owners.