Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Embryonic growth relative to the vitelline membrane, and its role in determining the level of post-operative abnormalities, as measured in the chick.

In a paper concerned with the fate of the first somite in the chick embryo, Hinsch & Hamilton (1956) drew attention to the incidence of post-operative abnormalities encountered, namely, 14 out of 33 in one of their series and 22 out of 50 in another. The technique used by these workers was to make an opening in the vitelline membrane (V.M.) at the 5–6 somite stage, mark the first somite with carbon, and then allow development to proceed. The abnormalities observed included spina bifida (46·8 per cent.), ‘twisted embryos’, heterotaxis, and small eyes in which the lens was displaced on one or both sides of the head. They suggested that the first three abnormalities mentioned were due to the embryo pressing against the edge of the opening made in the V.M. With regard to the level at which spina bifida was observed they made the following interesting statement: ‘the defect occurred much later and in a posterior part of the tube rather than at the level of the operation, so that trauma from the marking needle would seem an unlikely explanation’.
Regenerative Cells for the Management of Osteoarthritis and Joint Disorders: A Concise Literature Review

As the global population ages, the prevalence of osteoarthritis (OA) and joint disorders represent a major cause of disability and a significant public health burden. As current approaches for the management of OA focus on slowing the progression of disease, without repairing the underlying damage, novel treatments are necessary to improve outcomes. Over the past decade, autologous cell-based therapies using regenerative cells from fat or bone marrow have become a major focus of research into new approaches for the treatment of osteoarthritis and joint disorders. This review is intended to summarize findings in existing literature and identify gaps in knowledge that should be addressed in order to advance the field. We acknowledge that some findings may appear inconsistent, but show that apparent inconsistency in the literature may be attributable to variation in source of cells, stage of disease, method of delivery, follow-up time, evaluation method, and a number of other idiosyncrasies of individual studies. Still, a number of themes emerge from the data and some broader conclusions may be drawn that can be used to guide future studies. Ultimately, we conclude that there is overwhelming evidence demonstrating the safety of the autologous cell-based therapies. Furthermore, the data support the claim that regenerative cells are capable of reversing progression of OA. Regenerative cells, and especially those from adipose tissue, represent a promising new approach for the treatment of OA. Future work should include appropriate controls, and focus on answering questions related to dose required, appropriate delivery vehicle, and the impact of multiple treatments. Additionally, future studies should look at short and long-term effects of the treatments, and use functional as well as radiologic methods to evaluate efficacy.
A NON‐FATAL CASE OF BLUE‐RINGED OCTOPUS BITE

The clinical features of a non‐fatal case of blue‐ringed octopus bite are recorded. This toxin did not produce a complete curariform paralysis with respiratory failure, and the symptoms were as follows: (i) a light headed, dizzy feeling; (ii) weakness and exhaustion within ten minutes, followed by nausea; (iii) generalized muscular jerking and spasms, every few minutes and lasting six hours; (iv) a diminution of the local anæsthetic effect of the bite was followed by a sharp stinging sensation. This occurred within 30 minutes. A serous discharge was noted from the wound, after approximately two hours. The stinging lasted a little over six hours and was of moderate intensity; (v) an allergic reaction to the bite was noted in the patient, who was already known to have marine allergies.
Protective effect of Co‐enzyme Q10 On doxorubicin‐induced cardiomyopathy of rat hearts

Q10 is a powerful antioxidant often used in medical nutritional supplements for cancer treatment. This study determined whether Q10 could effectively prevent cardio‐toxicity caused by doxorubicin treatment. Four week old SD rats were segregated into groups namely control, doxorubicin group (challenged with doxorubicin), Dox + Q10 group (with doxorubicin challenge and oral Q10 treatment), and Q10 group (with oral Q10 treatment). Doxorubicin groups received IP doxorubicin (2.5 mg/kg) every 3 days and Q10 groups received Q10 (10 mg/kg) every day. Three weeks of doxorubicin challenge caused significant reduction in heart weight, disarray in cardiomyocyte arrangement, elevation of collagen accumulation, enhancement of fibrosis and cell death associated proteins, and inhibition of survival proteins. However, Q10 effectively protected cardiomyocytes and ameliorated fibrosis and cell death induced by doxorubicin. Q10 is, therefore, evidently a potential drug to prevent heart damage caused by doxorubicin. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Environ Toxicol 32: 679–689, 2017.
Second Surgical Treatment of Retroperitoneal Persistent Disease in Epithelial Ovarian Cancer

Aims and background This report retrospectively analyzes 9 cases of epithelial ovarian cancer with persistent retroperitoneal metastasis after intraperitoneal surgery (without systematic lymphadenectomy) and chemotherapy. Methods All 9 patients were diagnosed as FIGO stage I to IV at the time of primary surgery. They received combined postoperative chemotherapy (8 cases with a cisplatin-based regimen and 1 with adriamycin and endoxan). They were submitted to pelvic and paraaortic lymphadenectomy at the National Cancer Institute of Milan during the period 1990-1994. Results All patients presented no evidence of disease in the abdominal cavity but retroperitoneal metastasis, which was the unique metastatic site. Chemotherapy was administered as adjuvant therapy after lymphadenectomy. Six patients were free of disease for 14 to 61 months. One patient with vaginal recurrence at the 18th month was treated with radiotherapy and chemotherapy, but died of widespread disease 25 months after lymphadenectomy. Two patients with massive positive lymph nodes died of brain and lung metastasis 20 and 6 months later, respectively. Conclusions We conclude that retroperitoneal metastasis may be the only site of persistent disease and that systematic lymphadenectomy technically feasible in this situation to increase the opportunity for local disease control and to obtain a good result.
Intermediate endpoints for atherosclerosis in hypertension.

BACKGROUND Event-based trials of antihypertensive therapy, although they have been essential in showing the beneficial effects of antihypertensive therapy on cardiovascular morbidity and mortality, could not answer the question whether antihypertensive therapy influences the development of atherosclerosis. Trials using measurements of plaque growth as endpoints are necessary. METHODS The traditional approach of using quantitative coronary arteriography for assessing the course of coronary artery disease during treatment cannot obviously be used in uncomplicated hypertensive patients. B-mode quantitative ultrasound assessment of intima-media thickness (IMT) of the carotid artery wall is now being used in several trials comparing different antihypertensive drugs. The major advantage of this approach is that it is non-invasive; it has also been demonstrated that IMT measurements are well reproducible. Limits of normality, definition of plaques and rate of growth of IMT in hypertension are still uncertain, however. Additionally, ultrasonographic techniques do not clearly distinguish between media and intima, and it is difficult to decide how many of the carotid wall lesions observed in hypertension are due to media hypertrophy related to hypertension or to intima changes related to atherosclerosis, although it is likely that the largest lesions have an atherosclerotic component. PREVALENCE AND CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE OF IMT Baseline data from two recent trials, the VHAS and the ELSA, indicate that carotid wall lesions are highly prevalent in hypertension, but the prevalence level obviously depends on the criteria used for defining these lesions. It is known that elevated systolic blood pressure is an important risk factor for carotid lesions, and epidemiological surveys have shown that increased carotid IMT is more frequently associated with history and signs of coronary artery or cerebrovascular disease. Some evidence from a prospective study is also available, and the VHAS findings support this conclusion. Trials of antihypertensive therapy using IMT as endpoint are, therefore, likely to provide clinically useful information.
dRVVT Is more Sensitive than KCT or TTI for Detecting Lupus Anticoagulant Activity of Anti-β2-glycoprotein I Autoantibodies

Summary Anti-β2-glycoprotein I (β2-GPI) antibodies behave as classical Lupus Anticoagulants (LA), as they inhibit phospholipid-dependent coagulation reactions and their activity disappears in the presence of excess exogenous phospholipids (PLs). We have recently shown that a certain amount of PLs in the dilute Russell Viper Venom Time (dRVVT) test system is required to express LA activity of anti β2-GPI antibodies. We have now extended this observation to two other tests, i.e., Kaolin Clotting Time (KCT) in which PLs are not added, and Tissue Thromboplastin Inhibition test (TTI) in which PLs are extremely diluted. In fact, affinity-purified antibody preparations from 5 patients with antiphospholipid syndrome did not express or only weakly expressed anticoagulant activity in both tests; the mean ratios of coagulation times obtained with purified antibodies and that of control buffer were 1.11 and 1.0 for KCT and TTI, respectively. On the contrary, the mean ratios in dRVVT were 1.31 and 1.49 at a PLs dilution of 1:8 and 1:64, respectively. Therefore, the presence of LA activity due to autoantibodies to β2-GPI is characterized by a positive dRVVT and negative or only weakly positive KCT and TTI.
Diploid Musa acuminata genetic diversity assayed with sequence‐tagged microsatellite sites

The sequence‐tagged microsatellite site (STMS) discrimination potential was explored using nine microsatellite primer pairs. STMS polymorphism was assayed by nonradioactive urea‐polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. Genetic relationships were examined among 59 genotypes of wild or cultivated accessions of diploid Musa acuminata. The organization of the subspecies was confirmed and some clone relationships were clarified.
Thinly Traded Growth Stocks: A Joint Examination of Transparency in Communication and the Trading Platform

Abstract When thinly traded growth stocks (TTGS) listed on a secondary exchange experience difficulty in gaining investors' attention, one possible solution is to increase the intensity of disclosure. However, if the stock is traded on a quote-driven system, market makers can collude to maintain wide bid–ask spreads that discourage firms from disclosing. As a result, TTGS traded on a quote-driven system can face a liquidity trap that can prevent them from harvesting the benefits of increased disclosure activities. In this paper, we argue that the well-documented negative relation between disclosure and the bid–ask spread is likely to be moderated by the type of protocol chosen by exchanges to handle the trading of TTGS. To test our theory we use a unique setting created by the introduction of a hybrid order-driven protocol for TTGS in the UK. Following an increase in the disclosure activity by a TTGS, we find that the magnitudes of the predicted reductions in the bid–ask spreads are dependent on whether the TTGS switch their trading protocols.
Acetylcholine stimulates the release of prostacyclin by rabbit aorta endothelium

tration of drug (Fig. lb) and therefore conceivably attributable to factor(s) other than its specific antiinflammatory properties (Del Soldato et al 1979). The non-specific role played by pre-existing inflammatory processes is substantiated by the observation that the plasma concentration of indomethacin that produced marked anti-oedema inhibition in presence of intestinal ulceration was below that which did not influence oedema formation in absence of intestinal pathology.
Neuronal nitric oxide synthase C276T polymorphism increases the risk for frontotemporal lobar degeneration

The neuronal nitric oxide synthase (nNOS) is abundantly expressed in the brain and its transcripts have been found in the frontal cerebral cortex. Eighty‐nine patients with different neurodegenerative tau‐related disorders, including 71 patients with frontotemporal lobar degeneration (FTLD), 12 with progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP) and 6 with corticobasal degeneration (CBD), were genotyped for the C276T single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) in exon 29 of the nNOS gene and compared with 190 age‐matched controls (CON). A significantly increased allelic frequency of the T allele was observed in patients compared with CON (40.4% vs. 29.7%, P = 0.014, OR: 1.94, CI: 1.15–3.27). Considering each disorder separately, significance was reached for FTLD only (39.4%, P = 0.0248 versus controls, OR: 1.96, CI: 1.11–3.47). However, the frequency of the T allele was elevated also in patients with PSP (45.8%) and CBD (41.7%). No differences were observed stratifying according to gender or apolipoprotein E status. The C276T SNP acts as risk factor for sporadic FTLD, possibly influencing NOS1 transcription. Studies in larger populations are needed to confirm its role in PSP and CBD.
THE IMPACTS OF INFLATION DYNAMICS AND GLOBAL FINANCIAL CRISES ON STOCK MARKET RETURNS AND VOLATILITY: EVIDENCE FROM NIGERIA

The paper investigates the impacts of inflation dynamics and global financial crises on Stock market returns and volatility in Nigeria. The data sets on monthly All Shares Index Prices of NSE, and consumers’ price index (CPI) cover the period of January, 1985 to December, 2010. The GARCH (1, 1) model with multivariate regressors were adopted and the result shows that in the conditional mean equation; inflation exerts insignificant positive impact on stock market returns, inflation volatility exerts significant positive impact on stock market returns and during the global financial crises, inflation exerts significant negative effect on stock market returns. In the conditional variance equation, both inflation and its volatility have negative effects on the volatility of stock market returns, though significant for inflation and insignificant for inflation volatility. And during the global financial crises, inflation has significant positive impact on the conditional variance of stock market returns. The result implies that stock market returns can serve as a good hedge against volatile inflation, but this hedging propensity tends to be illusive if external shocks like the global financial crises affect the stock market condition negatively. However, it becomes imperative for investors to pay attention to variation of inflationary changes when predicting stock market returns and its vulnerability.
Impact of chip power dissipation on thermodynamic performance

Chip power consumption is quickly becoming an important issue because of increased electricity costs and thermal management limitations. Existing techniques assess the impact of chip power dissipation by evaluating maximum junction temperature and total power consumption, but only limited information is available about what power profile may be optimal within allowable limits. This paper explores these issues by analyzing chip packages from an exergy perspective. The framework required for such an analysis is developed, and example cases are presented to illustrate application of the technique. Different design choices are explored in the context of traditional thermodynamic efficiencies as well as a recently proposed exergy-based figure-of-merit.
Comparison of induction and recovery profiles of intravenous propofol and thiopentone anesthesia

Background: In day care anesthesia, postoperative recovery is of importance. In addition to economical gains, the inconvenience, which is avoided, and the time gained by the patient to resume daily life are notable. Objective: To compare the induction and recovery profiles of the propofol with thiopentone in day care patients. Materials and Methods: A prospective, randomized, patient-blinded, parallel-group, noncrossover trial carried out in Department of Anesthesia of our teaching hospital. Hundred females of ASA group I and II aged between 20 and 45 years, scheduled for minor gynecological procedures, were randomly allocated to two groups that received either propofol or thiopentone. Induction time was measured. The occurrences of cough/hiccup, pain, apneic episodes, twitching, or movements during induction and maintenance were recorded. Blood pressure, SpO2, and pulse rate were recorded at intervals. During recovery, waking time, talking time, sitting time, and standing time were observed. Psychomotor recovery was studied by the performance of aiming test and dexterity test. The patients were observed for complaints of any adverse effects up to 4 h of recovery. Independent statistician applied unpaired t-test, repeated-measures ANOVA, and Fischerâ€™s exact test, according to requirements, using GraphPad Prism, 5.01. Result: In this study, the mean induction dose of propofol was 2.31 Â± 0.01 mg/kg and thiopentone was 4.55 Â± 0.02 mg/kg. The mean induction time was 30.16 Â± 1.23 and 29.56 Â± 1.16 min, respectively. Apnea was 50% with propofol induction, and only 30% with thiopentone. Involuntary movements were more in propofol group, whereas hiccup/cough was more with thiopentone. There was significant fall in blood pressures in propofol group during induction. Recovery was faster with propofol, than thiopentone. Postoperative aiming scores and dexterity time in thiopentone group were significantly low than those in the propofol group. Comparison with baseline scores, at first and second hours, showed significantly low scores in thiopentone group, but at 4 h, the difference was not statistically significant in either group. Adverse effects were more common with thiopentone. Conclusion: The recovery characteristics of propofol are superior to those of thiopentone. The return of psychomotor performance and cognitive functions are more rapid in propofol group.
Noise measurements of 10 MHz LGT crystal Oscillators

Our aim is to estimate the potential of LGT resonators to built oscillators of good stability in the short term domain. This objective needs two conditions: 1) The manufacturing of high Q-factor resonators with a process similar to that used for high stability quartz crystal resonators. 2) The realization of a scheme of an oven controlled oscillator specifically designed for these resonators. A batch of langatate (LGT) crystal resonators has been manufactured in our laboratory. A satisfying machining and polishing process is now ready. These resonators are optimized in terms of curvature radius and electrode diameter. They are available in an electrode-deposited version as well as in the electrodeless version, the so-called BVA structure. The energy trapping should still be optimized but here and now good quality factors, closed to 1.4 106, are achieved for 10 MHz, 5th overtone resonators. Presently, their motional parameters are quite different from those of quartz crystal resonators. Classic topologies of quartz crystal oscillators are not well suited for LGT crystal resonators. Further, the high thermal sensitivity of LGT crystal resonators (parabolic f-T curve) requires a particular attention on the oven thermal stability. As a consequence, a specific oscillator topology has been designed for an appropriate use of these LGT crystal resonators. Resulting frequency stabilities are described in terms of Allan variance or power spectral density of frequency fluctuations.
Effects and Interactions of Nitrous Oxide, Myocardial Ischemia, and Reperfusion on Left Ventricular Diastolic Function

The effects of nitrous oxide on left ventricular diastolic function and its potential interactions with ischemia-induced diastolic dysfunction have not been described. Accordingly, we investigated the effects of nitrous oxide in ischemic and remote nonischemic myocardium during baseline, 90 min severe low-flow myocardial ischemia (systolic bulge), and reperfusion in 11 open-chest dogs. Anesthesia was maintained with fentanyl infusion (2 micro g [center dot] kg-1 [center dot] min-1), animals were ventilated with 60% nitrogen in oxygen, and hemodynamic variables were recorded prior to and after the replacement of nitrogen by 60% nitrous oxide. During baseline, nitrous oxide moderately increased chamber stiffness (+10%), myocardial stiffness (+33%), and unstressed length (+4%) and decreased the peak lengthening rate (-10%). Moreover, nitrous oxide decreased regional contractility during baseline (-12% at apex, -8% at base) as well as in nonischemic myocardium during myocardial ischemia (-9%) and reperfusion (-8%). However, nitrous oxide did not modify ischemia-induced systolic or diastolic dysfunction in ischemic myocardium during ischemia and reperfusion. Myocardial ischemia (+45%) and reperfusion (+57%) were associated with an increase in myocardial stiffness of nonischemic myocardium regardless of the anesthetic technique used. This study is the first to demonstrate that in addition to its well established negative inotropic effect, nitrous oxide affects regional diastolic function. (Anesth Analg 1997;84:39-45)
Correspondence between DSM-III-R and DSM-IV attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder.

OBJECTIVE To evaluate the correspondence between DSM-III-R and DSM-IV definitions of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in clinically referred children. Results of the field trials led to the hypothesis that there would be a strong correspondence between DSM-III-R and DSM-IV subtypes. METHOD The sample consisted of all children and adolescents consecutively referred to a pediatric psychopharmacology clinic (N = 405). Children were comprehensively evaluated with structured diagnostic interviews assessing both DSM-III-R and DSM-IV ADHD. DSM-III-R symptoms were used to approximate DSM-IV subtypes. Kappa statistics and conditional probabilities were used to examine the correspondence between DSM-III-R and DSM-IV ADHD. RESULTS Ninety-three percent of children who received a DSM-III-R diagnosis of ADHD also received a DSM-IV ADHD diagnosis. The kappa coefficient assessing the agreement between DSM-III-R and DSM-IV ADHD was . 73 (z = 14.6, p < .0001). The kappa coefficient assessing the agreement between the DSM-III-R-approximated subtypes and the actual DSM-IV subtypes was . 71 (z = 15, p < .0001). CONCLUSION These results confirm previous findings and indicate that the change from DSM-III-R to DSM-IV results in minimal changes in case identification and provides support for diagnostic continuity between the two classification systems.
Developmental roles of the glypicans.

Glypicans are proteins with very characteristic structures that are substituted with heparan sulfate and that are linked to the cell surface via glycosylphosphatidylinositol. The modular structure of the glypicans has been highly conserved throughout evolution. Six glypicans have been identified so far in vertebrates. Mutations in Drosophila, humans and mice reveal a role for these cell surface molecules in the control of cell growth and differentiation. Their mechanism of action is not yet clear. Most likely, glypicans activate or determine the activity ranges of morphogens and growth factors such as FGFs, BMPs, Wnts, Hhs and IGFs.