Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Growing Children's Bodies and Minds: Maximizing Child Nutrition and Development

For their optimal growth, and for greater long-term human capital development, children profit not only from improved nutrition but also from improved learning opportunities in the earliest years of life. This paper describes how actions to enhance optimal infant and young child nutrition can be linked with child development interventions for children under 3 years of age. In countries with high rates of malnutrition, linking these two components will result in synergies of program activities, and will bring about a greater impact at reduced cost than either activity conducted separately. New understanding of social marketing and communication strategies can increase effectiveness of linked interventions. Public–private partnerships to improve both child development and nutrition offer promise for sustainable interventions.
Modelling and simulation of a quad-rotor helicopter

Small size quad-rotor helicopters are often used due to the simplicity of their construction and maintenance, their ability to hover and also to take-off and land vertically. The first step in control development is an adequate dynamic system modelling, which should involve a faithful mathematical representation of the mechanical system. This paper presents a detailed dynamic analytical model of the quad-rotor helicopter using the linear Taylor series approximation method. The developed analytical model was simulated in the MatLab/Simulink environment and the dynamic behaviour of the quad-rotor assessed due to voltage changes. The model is further calibrated and linearized for use on any quad-rotor helicopter. (6 pages)
One‐step knockin for inducible expression in mouse embryonic stem cells

Transgenesis enables the elucidation of gene function; however, constant transgene expression is not always desired. The tetracycline responsive system was devised to turn on and off transgene expression at will. It has two components: a doxycycline (dox)‐controlled transactivator (TA) and an inducible expression cassette. Integration of these transgenes requires two transfection steps usually accomplished by sequential random integration. Unfortunately, random integration can be problematic due to chromatin position effects, integration of variable transgene units, and mutation at the integration site. Therefore, targeted transgenesis and knockin were developed to target the TA and the inducible expression cassette to a specific location, but these approaches can be costly in time, labor, and money. Here, we describe a one‐step Cre‐mediated knockin system in mouse embryonic stem cells that positions the TA and inducible expression cassette to a single location. Using this system, we show dox‐dependent regulation of eGFP at the DNA topoisomerase 3β promoter. Because Cre‐mediated recombination is used in lieu of gene targeting, this system is fast and efficient. genesis 49:92–97, 2011. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Implementing an Integrated Health Protection/Health Promotion Intervention in the Hospital Setting: Lessons Learned From the Be Well, Work Well Study

Objective: This study reports findings from a proof-of-concept trial designed to examine the feasibility and estimates the efficacy of the “Be Well, Work Well” workplace intervention. Methods: The intervention included consultation for nurse managers to implement changes on patient-care units and educational programming for patient-care staff to facilitate improvements in safety and health behaviors. We used a mixed-methods approach to evaluate feasibility and efficacy. Results: Using findings from process tracking and qualitative research, we observed challenges to implementing the intervention due to the physical demands, time constraints, and psychological strains of patient care. Using survey data, we found no significant intervention effects. Conclusions: Beyond educating individual workers, systemwide initiatives that respond to conditions of work might be needed to transform the workplace culture and broader milieu in support of worker health and safety.
How long should a trial of escitalopram treatment be in patients with major depressive disorder, generalised anxiety disorder or social anxiety disorder? An exploration of the randomised controlled trial database

To extend the knowledge of course of improvement in patients with major depressive disorder (MDD), social anxiety disorder (SAD) or generalised anxiety disorder (GAD) participating in randomised placebo‐controlled trials (RCTs) and to infer the optimal duration of initial escitalopram treatment in clinical practice, after which intervention might be reasonable in case of non‐response.
A prospective clinical study of the effect of pregnancy on rheumatoid arthritis and ankylosing spondylitis.

Comparaison des grossesses de 25 patientes avec polyarthrite rhumatoide ou spondylarthrite ankylosante et de 31 femmes en bonne sante. La polyarthrite rhumatoide ou la spondylarthrite ankylosante n'ont pas d'action nefaste sur la grossesse. Une exacerbation de la maladie est habituellement observee 4 a 10 semaines apres l'accouchement
HRI-P-1002-001 RECAPP-HRI-2010-006 Minimal Universal Extra Dimensions in CalcHEP / CompHEP

We present an implementation of the model of minimal universal extra dimensions (MUED) in CalcHEP/CompHEP. We include all level-1 and level-2 Kaluza-Klein (KK) particles outside the Higgs sector. The mass spectrum is automatically calculated at one loop in terms of the two input parameters in MUED: the inverse radius R−1 of the extra dimension and the cut-off scale of the model Λ. We implement both the KK number conserving and the KK number violating interactions of the KK particles. We also account for the proper running of the gauge coupling constants above the electroweak scale. The implementation has been extensively cross-checked against known analytical results in the literature and numerical results from other programs. Our files are publicly available and can be used to perform various automated calculations within the MUED model. SLAC-PUB-15665 Published in New J.Phys.12:075017,2010 and arXiv:1002.4624. Work supported in part by US Department of Energy under contract DE-AC02-76SF00515. SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA 94025 2
Nonlinear semigroups and a hyperbolic conservation law

This paper is concerned with the hyperbolic conservation law By means of the Crandall-Liggett theory of nonlinear semigroups ([1]), it will be shown that the operator generates a semigroup on L (IR). The function of as a generalized solution of the initial value problem and it will be seen that for this function a weak solution in the usual sense. Finally, methods employed derive the "ordering the solutions
The 2 nd International Conference on Integrated Information Market information acquisition : A prerequisite for successful strategic entrepreneurship

This paper investigates on the types of information used by managers and entrepreneurs, so as to conduct market research and to evaluate market potential. The authors examine five major sets of variables to understand their impact on firms' information market search effort. Empirical results based on a survey of Greek enterprises provide support for these factors in predicting firms' market information acquisition. Findings on structural and administrative characteristics of the firms support the notion that companies engaged in greater market information search and evaluation of market potential tend to develop and implement complex penetration and development market strategies, in order to maximize their business performance in the examined
Adherence to antiretroviral drug therapy by adult patients attending HIV/AIDS clinic at a Kenyan tertiary health institution.

OBJECTIVE To determine antiretroviral drug adherence levels of HIV/AIDS in adult patients. DESIGN A cross sectional study. SETTING Moi Teaching and Referral Hospital (MTRH), Eldoret, Kenya. SUBJECTS Three hundred and eighty four HIV/AIDS adult patients who attended HIV/AIDS clinic in MTRH for antiretroviral treatment and had been on treatment for at least three months as confirmed by clinicians. RESULTS Three hundred and eighty four respondents participated in this research; two third of whom were females (68%) and a third were males (32%). Fifty two percent of these had attained secondary or post secondary education. The mean age was 36.1+/-8.5, years and ranged 18-63 years. While 93.5% of the participants adhered to clinic appointments, only 43.2% adhered to taking the drugs as per time schedule. CONCLUSION Adherence to time of taking medications was low and could result in reduced efficacy.
Gamma Rays Destroy Plant Stress Resistance Genes

Gamma rays have sufficient energy to ionize matter and therefore can damage living cells. The damage produced in the cell or tissue is proportional to the number of ionizing paths produced in the absorbing material. This investigation was carried out to determine the effects of gamma radiation on the specific gene (arginine decarboxylase (ADC)) of pistachio to choose the best one under various stresses. These results show that the cobalt-60 radiation source which its energy was 1.3M. ev destroy ADC gene. Gamma radiation treatments may be used to examine their effects on germination and survival percentage, growth traits and morphological variation of plants and then isolated the gene of interest to transfer it to other plants.
Cdc13 N-Terminal Dimerization, DNA Binding, and Telomere Length Regulation

ABSTRACT The essential yeast protein Cdc13 facilitates chromosome end replication by recruiting telomerase to telomeres, and together with its interacting partners Stn1 and Ten1, it protects chromosome ends from nucleolytic attack, thus contributing to genome integrity. Although Cdc13 has been studied extensively, the precise role of its N-terminal domain (Cdc13N) in telomere length regulation remains unclear. Here we present a structural, biochemical, and functional characterization of Cdc13N. The structure reveals that this domain comprises an oligonucleotide/oligosaccharide binding (OB) fold and is involved in Cdc13 dimerization. Biochemical data show that Cdc13N weakly binds long, single-stranded, telomeric DNA in a fashion that is directly dependent on domain oligomerization. When introduced into full-length Cdc13 in vivo, point mutations that prevented Cdc13N dimerization or DNA binding caused telomere shortening or lengthening, respectively. The multiple DNA binding domains and dimeric nature of Cdc13 offer unique insights into how it coordinates the recruitment and regulation of telomerase access to the telomeres.
Models of SIGIRR inhibiting the toll-like receptor TLR 4 signaling pathway

Toll-like receptors (TLRs) belong to the Toll-like receptor (TLR)/interleukin-1 receptor (IL-1R) superfamily, which is defined by a common cytoplasmic Toll/interleukin-1 receptor (TIR) domain. These receptors recognize pathogen-associated molecular patterns and initiate an intracellular kinase cascade to cause an immediate defensive response. SIGIRR (single immunoglobulin interleukin-1 receptor-related molecule), another member of the TLR/IL-1R superfamily, acts as a negative regulator of the MyD88-dependent TLR signaling. It attenuates the recruitment of MyD88 adaptors to the receptors with its intracellular TIR domain. Thus, SIGIRR reveals potential significance in the therapy of autoimmune diseases. However, the mechanism how SIGIRR structurally interacts with TLRs and adaptor molecules remains unclear. Here, we developed three-dimensional structures for the TIR domains of TLR4, MyD88 and SIGIRR based on computational modeling. Through protein-protein docking analysis, we suggest models of essential complexes involved in the TLR4 signaling and the SIGIRR inhibiting processes. SIGIRR may exert its inhibitory effect through blocking the molecular interface of TLR4-TLR4 and MyD88-MyD88 dimers mainly via its BB-loop region.
Neuromuscular blockade by IgG antibodies from patients with Guillain‐Barré syndrome: A macro‐patch‐clamp study

Guillain‐Barré syndrome (GBS) is often associated with serum antibodies to glycoconjugates such as GM1 and GQ1b. The pathogenic role of these antibodies and other serum factors has not yet been clarified. We have investigated the effect of serum, plasma filtrate, and highly purified IgG and IgM from 10 patients with typical GBS on motor nerve terminals in the mouse hemidiaphragm. Quantal endplate currents were recorded by means of a perfused macro‐patch‐clamp electrode. The plasma filtrate of all GBS patients led to a 5‐ to 20‐fold reduction of evoked quantal release within 7 to 15 minutes of continuous superfusion. In 4 patients, the amplitudes of single quanta were clearly reduced (by 10–66% of control values), indicating an additional postsynaptic action. Blocking effects could be reversed to a variable degree within 15 to 18 minutes after washout. Purified IgG was as effective as native serum, whereas a purified GBS IgM fraction did not block transmission. Sera from convalescent patients and IgM from healthy subjects were without blocking effect. The effects were complement independent and there was no link to the presence (in 6 patients) or absence (in 4 patients) of detectable antibodies to GM1 or GQ1b. In GBS, antibodies to an undetermined antigen depress the presynaptic transmitter release and, in some cases, the activation of postsynaptic channels. We suggest that weakness in the acute stage of GBS may be caused in part by circulating antibodies.
Discrete elements for 3D microfluidics

Significance Microfluidic systems promise to improve the analysis and synthesis of materials, biological or otherwise, by lowering the required volume of fluid samples, offering a tightly controlled fluid-handling environment, and simultaneously integrating various chemical processes. To build these systems, designers depend on microfabrication techniques that restrict them to arranging their designs in two dimensions and completely fabricating their design in a single step. This study introduces modular, reconfigurable components containing fluidic and sensor elements adaptable to many different microfluidic circuits. These elements can be assembled to allow for 3D routing of channels. This assembly approach allows for the application of network analysis techniques like those used in classical electronic circuit design, facilitating the straightforward design of predictable flow systems. Microfluidic systems are rapidly becoming commonplace tools for high-precision materials synthesis, biochemical sample preparation, and biophysical analysis. Typically, microfluidic systems are constructed in monolithic form by means of microfabrication and, increasingly, by additive techniques. These methods restrict the design and assembly of truly complex systems by placing unnecessary emphasis on complete functional integration of operational elements in a planar environment. Here, we present a solution based on discrete elements that liberates designers to build large-scale microfluidic systems in three dimensions that are modular, diverse, and predictable by simple network analysis techniques. We develop a sample library of standardized components and connectors manufactured using stereolithography. We predict and validate the flow characteristics of these individual components to design and construct a tunable concentration gradient generator with a scalable number of parallel outputs. We show that these systems are rapidly reconfigurable by constructing three variations of a device for generating monodisperse microdroplets in two distinct size regimes and in a high-throughput mode by simple replacement of emulsifier subcircuits. Finally, we demonstrate the capability for active process monitoring by constructing an optical sensing element for detecting water droplets in a fluorocarbon stream and quantifying their size and frequency. By moving away from large-scale integration toward standardized discrete elements, we demonstrate the potential to reduce the practice of designing and assembling complex 3D microfluidic circuits to a methodology comparable to that found in the electronics industry.
Ketogenic diet, amino acid metabolism, and seizure control

The ketogenic diet has been utilized for many years as an adjunctive therapy in the management of epilepsy, especially in those children for whom antiepileptic drugs have not permitted complete relief. The biochemical basis of the dietary effect is unclear. One possibility is that the diet leads to alterations in the metabolism of brain amino acids, most importantly glutamic acid, the major excitatory neurotransmitter. In this review, we explore the theme. We present evidence that ketosis can lead to the following: 1) a diminution in the rate of glutamate transamination to aspartate that occurs because of reduced availability of oxaloacetate, the ketoacid precursor to aspartate; 2) enhanced conversion of glutamate to GABA; and 3) increased uptake of neutral amino acids into the brain. Transport of these compounds involves an uptake system that exchanges the neutral amino acid for glutamine. The result is increased release from the brain of glutamate, particularly glutamate that had been resident in the synaptic space, in the form of glutamine. These putative adaptations of amino acid metabolism occur as the system evolves from a glucose‐based fuel economy to one that utilizes ketone bodies as metabolic substrates. We consider mechanisms by which such changes might lead to the antiepileptic effect. © 2001 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Maximizing throughput of finite population slotted ALOHA

We consider finite population slotted ALOHA where each of n terminals ma.y ha.ve its own transmission proba.bility Pi. Given the traffic load . A, throughput is maximized via. a constrained optimization problem. The resulu; of Abramson (1985) are obtained as special case.
A Review of the Biology, Culture, Exploitation and Utilization Potentials Seaweed Resources: Case Study in Nigeria

The importance of seaweeds cuts across various environmental, ecologic, socio-economic benefits and services as food for man, in the phycocolloids and expanding phycosupplement industries, as sink for excess carbon dioxide and excess nutrients; for sustainable energy generation and as fossil fuel substitutes. In view of this, seaweeds could become an important economic niche for Asian(Japan and China), Nigeria and other coastal African countries provided adequate research is undertaken in studying their diversity, biochemical compositions and potentials for culture in order to harness the numerous opportunities which can be derived. This article reviews the biological characteristics, potential products and uses, culture and transplantation, distribution and biodiversity, status of exploitation and conservation. Benefits of developing seaweed sector and challenges to the exploitation, culture and utilization of potential seaweed resources, aimed at unveiling the potentials in the utilization of seaweed in Nigeria and other interested countries.
Functioning of Autobiographical Memory as a Discursive Phenomenon

The article investigates the discursive manifestation of autobiographical memory, enabling to understand the social and communicative nature of this phenomenon. Autobiographical practices represent the social and cultural materialized form of the fixation of autobiographical memory determined by speech norms and memory mechanisms; autobiographical practices are inter-active and inter-subjective, mediate the formation and functioning of this subsystem of memory, reorganizing the preverbal event of the individual past through the concepts fixed by language. The article examines the development of autobiographical memory forms in early ontogeny, the relationship of these processes with the formation of speech and discursive competences. It studies the patterns of discursive actualization of the formed autobiographical memory and demonstration of its functional and structural characteristics. It is shown that the formed autobiographical memory as a personality-cognitive system organizes and arranges the fragments of the individual past; it is involved in the formation of self-identity, has a layered structure that is related to heterogeneous forms of processing autobiographical material and organizational forms of individual experience and performs different functions, all of which determines the patterns of respective discursive practices. DOI: 10.5901/mjss.2015. v6n5p122
Role of Zinc on Ethanol Metabolism in Intestine of Alcohol Intoxicated Rats

---There has been escalation in alcohol abuse with an enormous increase in alcohol-related gastrointestinal tract disorders. The study was conducted to evaluate the role of zinc on intestine of rats under ethanol toxicity. Rats were segregated into four groups: Control, Ethanol treated, Zinc treated and Combined zinc and ethanol treated. 1ml of 30% ethanol was given to rats orally everyday. Zinc (as zinc sulphate; 227mg/L) was mixed in drinking water of animals. All treatments were given for 2, 4 and 8 weeks and activities of drug metabolising enzymes i.e Cytochrome P450, Cytochrome b5, NADPH and NADH cytochrome-Creductase and Glutathione-stransferase were estimated. Significant elevation was observed in the activities of all enzymes in intestine in response to toxicity induced by ethanol after all intervals. Zinc supplementation resulted in normalization of these values. This may be due to its antioxidant potential which provides protection against the toxic effects of ethanol. Keywords----Drug metabolism, Ethanol, Intestine, Zinc
Resting B Lymphocytes as APC for Naive T Lymphocytes: Dependence on CD40 Ligand/CD401

Although resting B cells as APC are tolerogenic for naive T cells in vivo, we show here that they can provide all the costimulatory signals necessary for naive T cell proliferation in vivo and in vitro. In the absence of an activating signal through the B cell Ag receptor, T cell proliferation after Ag recognition on resting B cells depends on CD40 expression on the B cells, implying that naive T cells use the membrane-bound cytokine, CD40 ligand (CD154), to induce the costimulatory signals that they need. Induction of B7-1 (CD80) and increased or sustained expression of CD44H, ICAM-1 (CD54), and B7-2 (CD86) are dependent on the interaction of CD40 ligand with CD40. Transient expression (12 h) of B7-2 is T cell- and peptide Ag-dependent, but CD40-independent. Only sustained (≥24 h) expression of B7-2 and perhaps increased expression of ICAM-1 could be shown to be functionally important in this system. T cells cultured with CD40-deficient B cells and peptide remain about as responsive as fresh naive cells upon secondary culture with whole splenic APC. Therefore, B cells, and perhaps other APC, may be tolerogenic not because they fail to provide sufficient costimulation for T cell proliferation, but because they are deficient in some later functions necessary for a productive T cell response.