Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Utilising Mobile Phone Billing Records for Travel Made Discovery

A novel methodology to infer transportation mode taken by mobile device users between regions of interest is introduced. It relies on analysing anonymised billing data, namely call detail records, supplied by mobile network operators as the primary source of user-created data. Coupled with the spatial coverage and distribution of mobile network cells and geographical route map information of major transportation modes, assumed to be partially non-overlapping, user travel paths can be predicted. Journey specific trajectories are constructed and analysed using the concept of virtual cell path for each qualified pre-processed list of activities from each unique user. After classification, kernel density paths for each route were generated both for illustration and validation purposes. Di erentiation between rail and road users travelling between Dublin and Cork in the Republic of Ireland is shown as an example application case study.
Genetic stratigraphy, provenance, and new age constraints for the Chuska Sandstone (Upper Eocene-Lower Oligocene), New Mexico-Arizona

A BSTRACT . — The Chuska Sandstone is about 535 m thick and consists of a basal ﬂ uvial succession (Deza Member; 0–81 m thick) and overly- ing eolianites (Narbona Pass Member). Aggradation of the Deza Member occurred in response to the south–southwesterly progradation of the distal part of an extensive (200 km length) piedmont system derived from the San Juan uplift of southwestern Colorado. As it prograded, this system pushed ahead of it a short, northeast–facing piedmont system and a transverse basin-ﬂ oor system as it onlapped a post-Laramide, late Eocene paleogeomorphic surface. Crossbedding in the eolianites of the Narbona Pass Member indicates paleowinds were mainly from the south–southwest, and blew up the paleoslope established during Deza Member deposition. The petrographic similarity of the Narbona Pass Member to the Deza Member indicates the eolianites are mostly recycled Deza-type sands that continued to be derived ﬂ uvially from sedi- mentary, volcanic, and basement terranes to the north–northeast during deposition of the Narbona Pass Member. Stratigraphic and topographic relationships in the Chuska Mountains suggest that nearly one km of middle Eocene–lower Oligocene strata were once present in the axial part of the San Juan Basin, but were subsequently eroded. New 40 Ar/ 39 Ar results for volcanic ashes in the Deza Member (34.75 ± 0.20 Ma) and the lower Narbona Pass Member (33.33 ± 0.25 Ma) and for trachybasalts that disconformably overlie the Chuska Sandstone near Narbona Pass (24.83 ± 0.26, 24.97 ± 0.16, 25.05 ± 0.17, 25.24 ± 0.17 Ma) indicate the basal Chuska Sandstone is upper Eocene, and the upper part of the unit is lower Oligocene and possibly lower upper Oligocene. Our radioisotopic results indicate the switch from dominantly ﬂ uvial to dominantly eolian sedimentation in the central Colorado Plateau occurred between 34.75 and 33.31 Ma. Age constraints for the beginning of Chuska eolian deposition are broadly compatible with those for other eolian successions in the Colorado Plateau–Rocky Mountains area. The switchover from ﬂ uvial to eolian processes may be a response to major global cooling that occurred ~34 Ma.
Knowledge sharing and information security: a paradox?

This paper presents the findings of a knowledge sharing and information security literature review and identifies an interesting research gap in the intersection of the two practices. In a fast changing environment where there is increasing need to understand customers’ demands and competitors’ strategies (Lin et al, 2012), knowledge sharing is recognised as an essential activity for organisational success (Wasko and Faraj, 2005; Renzl, 2008). Organisations continuously aim to exploit existing knowledge, seek new ways to improve and increase knowledge sharing activities, as well as to identify and reduce possible knowledge sharing barriers. However, albeit the integral role and benefits of knowledge sharing having been widely recognised, the security or protection of knowledge has not received the same level of attention. Although the importance of protecting knowledge has been stressed by some researchers (e.g. Gold et al, 2001; Desouza and Awazu, 2004; Desouza 2006; Ryan, 2006), research into the ‘softer’ or the human behaviour aspects of knowledge protection is scarce. Information security is another field that has grown tremendously and is now a globally recognised discipline (Gifford, 2009) receiving attention from academics and practitioners (Wiant, 2005). Information security measures aim to prevent the loss or leakage of an organisation’s valuable information and manage the resulting cost of any loss. Despite organisations’ investments in prevention measures, information security breaches are still common where humans are often seen as the weakest link and ‘incorrect’ human behaviour as the most common point of failure. However, much of the research carried out to prevent information security breaches focuses on technical facets (Gordon and Loeb, 2006; Coles-Kemp, 2009). From the literature review, it is evident that knowledge sharing and information security have become well-established concepts in academia and within organisations. However, the middle ground between these two equally important, and adjacent, practices, has received inadequate attention. Knowledge sharing aims to encourage individuals to share knowledge with colleagues, organisational partners and suppliers; on the other hand, information security initiatives aim to apply controls and restrictions to the knowledge that can be shared and how it is shared. This paper draws attention to the perceived paradoxical nature of knowledge sharing and information security and raises awareness of the potential conflict that could compromise the protection of knowledge, or alternatively, reduce the openness of knowledge sharing.
Increased Ca 2 + storage capacity of the skeletal muscle sarcoplasmic reticulum of transgenic mice overexpressing membrane bound calcium binding protein

Department of Experimental and Diagnostic Medicine, Section of General Pathology, University of Ferrara, 44100 Ferrara, Italy. Transgenic Mice Service Center, Experimental Research Center, Regina Elena Institute, 00158 Roma, Italy. Interuniversitary Institute of Myology, CeSI, Center for Research on Aging, University G. d’Annunzio School of Medicine, 66023 Chieti, Italy. UMR CNRS U3B 6204, Faculty of Sciences and Techniques, University of Nantes, 44322 Nantes, France, and Departments of Anesthesia and Research, Hebelstrasse 20, Basel University Hospital, 4031 Basel, Switzerland
Informed Parameterization: Optimization of building openings generation

This paper presents a methodology for parametric design that embeds knowledge from building simulation tools. Current parametric design delivers different solutions throughout the modeling and design process, but in the final stage, it does not allow users to distinguish the optimal solution to develop or how to integrate those solutions into current design process. This paper demonstrates a design strategy for parametric design that embeds knowledge from simulation tools and generates an informed creative process. A specific case study being develop under de Zero + project of the MIT architectural robotics Lab is presented as an example. This approach proposes a performance based exploration of an array of parametric design alternatives (variables) linked with simulation and performance evaluation tools, and combines the results of the performance simulation software with optimization algorithms, to pick solutions for subsequent exploration.
Evaluation of α- and β-glucosidase inhibitory properties of macro-algae using intestinal extracts of marine snail, Thais rudolphi (Lamarck, 1822)

Glucosidase-inhibitory activity of marine macro-algae, Ulva fasciata and Hypnea musciformis in different solvents was detected using enzyme-agar plate method. Eenzyme-agar plate containing �- or �-D-glucosidase was used in combination with substrate-agar plate containing p-nitro phenyl �- and �-D-glucopyranoside (PNPG). Discs impregnated with algal extracts placed on the enzyme agar, followed by pre-incubation up to 2.5 h at 25 °C, resulted in the characteristic inhibitory circle around the inhibitor. Extracts of red algae, H. musciformis had higher glucosidase-inhibition than the extracts of U. fasciata . The intestine of Thais rudolphi contained both �- and �-glucosidase enzymes and their inhibition was comparable with the commercial enzymes, suggesting the possible alternate method for assessing the glucosidase-inhibitory activity of the marine macro-algae.
Anonymous Referee #1

The authors would like to thank the editor and reviewers for their valuable and constructive comments that help improve the manuscript. According to their comments, two major revisions have been done as follows: 1. We added a new section as “4.1 Climate-growth relationship” considering answering the 2nd question of Reviewer#1, 7th question of Reviewer#2 and 6th question of Reviewer#3. Please see the corresponding part in the new version. 2. We moved the comparison between IAPO and PDSI reconstruction to the “4.4 Possible linkage with summer Asian-Pacific oscillation and solar activity”, and made deeper discussion about the mechanism underlying between IAPO and PDSI reconstruction. In the revised manuscript, the corrected contents according to the comments of the reviewers were shown in red, 13 new references were supplemented (listed at the end). The lines in this new version are greatly different from the original ones. The revised manuscript has incorporated all the comments raised. For detail, please refer to the answers as follows (Comments from the reviewers and editor are written in black, and author’s answers appear in blue.):
A new look at the uncontrollable linearized quaternion dynamics with implications to LQR design in underactuated systems

Quaternion algebra is frequently employed for spacecraft attitude description due to its convenient numerical properties when compared to minimal formulations. In parallel, Linear Quadratic Control (LQR)-based attitude controllers are often applied to underactuated vehicles due to its intuitive tuning process and satisfactory stability robustness properties. However, nonlinear quaternion differential equations of motion linearization yields non-stabilizable systems. Thus, LQR techniques cannot be directly employed since the associated algebraic Riccati equation is ill-posed. The commonplace solution resorts to a reduced quaternion model where only three out of four quaternion coordinates are exploited. The present work shows that such choice exhibits numerically unstable regions that impedes solving the LQR problem for all possible operating points. Additionally, we propose two methods to obtain wellposed LQR problems over all operating points. The first is based on the reduced quaternion model with an appropriate change of coordinates. The second is to append a virtual stabilizing input (VSI) to the nonlinear system to attain controllable linearized systems. The VSI direction should be appropriately chosen to not disturb the controllable modes of the system. Finally, we show that a class of constant angular velocity tracking problems is time-invariant under an appropriate change of variables such that time-invariant LQR techniques are applicable.
Circularly polarized colour reflection from helicoidal structures in the beetle Plusiotis boucardi

A detailed optical study of the iridescent outer-shell of the beetle Plusiotis boucardi has revealed a novel microstructure which controls both the polarization and wavelength of reflected light. A previously unreported hexagonal array across the integument of the beetle exhibits highly localized regions of reflection of only red and green left-handed circularly-polarized light. Optical and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) imaging reveals the origin of this effect as an array of ‘bowl-shaped’ recesses on the elytra that are formed from a dual-pitch helicoidal layer. Reflectivity spectra collected from the beetle are compared to theoretical data produced using a multi-layer optics model for modelling chiral, optically anisotropic media such as cholesteric liquid crystals. Excellent agreement is obtained between data and theory produced using a model that incorporates an upper isotropic layer (of cuticular wax), followed by a short pitch (310 (± 1) nm) overlying a longer pitch (370 (±1) nm) helicoidal layer of optically anisotropic material. These layers are backed by an absorbing underlayer. Synthetic replication of this form of structure may provide a route to the fabrication of tuneable micro-mirrors for optical applications.
pH-triggered charge-reversal and redox-sensitive drug-release polymer micelles codeliver doxorubicin and triptolide for prostate tumor therapy

Aim To significantly promote cancer cell uptake and to achieve combination therapy and on-demand drug release, a pH-triggered charge-switchable and redox-responsive drug-release nanovehicle was developed in this study. Materials and methods The nanocarrier was constructed by conjugating 3,3′-dithiodipropionic acid-modified doxorubicin (DTPA-DOX) and 2,3-dimethylmaleic anhydride (DMA) to the side amino groups of poly(ethylene glycol)-b-poly(L-lysine) (PEG-b-PLL) and by encapsulating triptolide (TRI) into the hydrophobic core. The surface charge of the obtained nanocarriers (DA-ss-DT) can change from negative to positive in response to tumor extracellular acidity pH, and the nanocarriers capably release two drugs in response to intracellular high glutathione (GSH) environment. Results Compared to the control group, the in vitro cellular uptake of DA-ss-DT by human prostate cancer PC-3 cells was significantly promoted in slightly acidic conditions, and the drug could be rapidly released in the high concentration of GSH conditions. The in vitro and in vivo antitumor experiments exhibited that the DA-ss-DT nanoparticles have a great antitumor effect in comparison to the control group. Conclusion These findings demonstrated that the DA-ss-DT nanoparticles supply a useful strategy for promoting cellular uptake and synergetic anticancer therapy.
Fitness landscapes and gene location

The paper outlines initial results into a study of the preference of gene location for diploid organisms under the presence of an environmental gradient. The work explores the properties of a spatially-explicit model of monoecious diploid individuals that evolve preferential coding of gene location. The individuals evolve over a space with a linear gradient, where the response to an individual’s phenotype determines the age before breeding. Each individual has three chromosomes that determine the position and value of two genes. These genes combine to determine the resulting breeding response. The concept of an NK fitness landscape is used to represent two different scenarios of gene linkage. The results indicate that when gene linkage is related by a rugged fitness landscape, the genes cluster on the same chromosome, whereas when the fitness landscape is smooth the genes are more likely to be on separate chromosomes. The work has implications for understanding some of the possible mechanisms that lead to gene clusters.
Migration , Mobility , & Displacement

The Centre for Asia-Pacific Initiatives University of Victoria 3800 Finnerty Road, Victoria, BC, V8P 5C2, Canada uvic.ca/research/centres/capi/ Migration, Mobility & Displacement is an online, open-access, peer-reviewed journal. It seeks to publish original and innovative scholarly articles, juried thematic essays from migrant advocacy groups and practitioners, and visual essays that speak to migration, mobility and displacement and that relate in diverse ways to the Asia-Pacific. The journal welcomes submissions from scholars and migrant advocacy groups that are publicly engaged, and who seek to address a range of issues facing migrants, mobile and displaced persons, and especially work which explores injustices and inequalities.
Fiscal Autonomy under Devolution: Introduction to Symposium

'Full fiscal autonomy' is a term used in media and political debate without any great precision as to its meaning. This is often accompanied by confusion about the fiscal powers presently available to the Scottish Parliament, 1 which is characterised as having no fiscal powers and as being wholly dependent on grants from the UK government. Neither of these statements is true. The Scottish Parliament has, for example, more decision-making power over taxes than has any of the German Lander, and about 15% of spending comes from taxes under its control. 2
Development of General Search Based Path Follower in Real Time Environment

Mobile robots are being used for various industrial, medical, research and other applications to perform the various tasks accurately and efficiently. Path planning of such mobile robots plays a prominent role in performing these tasks. This paper deals with the path planning of mobile robots in a predefined structured environment. In this case the environment chosen is the roadmap of NIT Rourkela obtained from Google maps as reference. An Unmanned Ground Vehicle (UGV) is developed and programmed so as to move autonomously from an indicated source location to the defined destination in the given map following the most optimal path among the available paths. The source and destination points are the different departments, academic blocks in NIT Rourkela campus map. In this case we use a two wheeled mobile robot consisting of IR sensors is used to verify the validation of the proposed algorithm. A linear search based algorithm is implemented on the autonomous robot to generate shortest paths in the NIT Rourkela campus map generated. The algorithm is similar to that of the right wall follower algorithm, Dijkstra algorithm etc. used in maze solving robots but in this case the paths treaded are not stored in the memory and the vehicle does not check the available paths to choose the shortest one, but chooses them with the aid of the information provided by the sensors. The coordinates of source and goal positions plays a prominent role in deciding the particular path at the branching node. This method saves the time and cost of following all the available paths to check if it is the shortest one. The results are verified with the simulations performed using MATLAB. Moreover experiments were performed on the developed model in the scaled version of NIT Rourkela campus map printed on a banner to compare and verify the results
On attack correlation and the benefits of sharing IDS data

This thesis presents the first wide-scale study of correlated attacks, i.e., attacks mounted by the same source IP against different networks. Using a large dataset from 1700 intrusion detection systems (IDSs), this thesis shows that correlated attacks are prevalent in the current Internet; 20% of all offending sources mount correlated attacks and they account for more than 40% of all the IDS alerts in our logs. Correlated attacks appear at different networks within a few minutes of each other, indicating the difficulty of warding off these attacks by occasional offline exchange of lists of malicious IP addresses. Furthermore, correlated attacks are highly targeted. The 1700 DSs can be divided into small groups with 4-6 members that do not change with time; IDSs in the same group experience a large number of correlated attacks, while IDSs in different groups see almost no correlated attacks These results have important implications on collaborative intrusion detection of common attackers. They show that collaborating IDSs need to exchange alert information in realtime. Further, exchanging alerts among the few fixed IDSs in the same correlation group achieves almost the same benefits as collaborating with all IDSs, while dramatically reducing the overhead.
Tagging quantitative trait loci for dormancy, tuber shape, regularity of tuber shape, eye depth and flesh colour in diploid potato originated from six Solanum species

Potato breeding aims at breeding diversified cultivars not only suitable for different purposes, but also resistant to diseases, such as late blight caused by Phytophthora infestans, which is a major constraint in potato production. Resistance to P. infestans has been previously introduced into the diploid hybrid population 98-21 from Solanum verrucosum and Solanum microdontum. In the present study, we assessed the segregation of tuber dormancy, tuber shape, regularity of tuber shape, eye depth and flesh colour in this population. Quantitative Trait Loci (QTLs) affecting these important quality traits were tagged using the genetic map developed for this population to locate QTLs for late blight resistance. The most prominent QTL for dormancy was detected on chromosome II and explained 7.1% of the variance. The most important QTLs for tuber eye depth, flesh colour, shape and shape regularity were identified on chromosomes X (R 2 = 14.7%), IV (R 2 = 5.8%), II (R 2 = 8.0%) and III (R 2 = 10.4%) respectively. All traits were also affected by minor QTLs. The obtained results improve our understanding of the inheritance of traits relevant for variety development in potato.
Improving Data Accessibility in Mobile Ad Hoc Networks

Improving data availability in mobile ad hoc networks is very important issue since the ultimate goal of using these networks, is to provide information access to mobile nodes. Make data available in such environment where bandwidth, battery power and memory size are limited, is very difficult issue In this paper we propose tow data replication methods for improving the availability of data. These methods executed under two main phases. In the first phase we create the primary replicas, and in the second phase we redistribute these replicas dynamically. The first method creates the primary replicas for each new data created in the network or received from fixed network. The second method creates the primary replicas only for the important data. The simulation experiments show that the data availability is improved and the traffic is reduced.
Climate Change, Agriculture and Migration: A Survey

This paper proposes a selective review of the classical economics-based literature on climate change and migration, focusing on the extent to which agriculture might be considered a key mediating channel linking climate change to migration. Overall, climate change is expected to have large and negative effects on the global economy. These effects are even more evident whenever the economic sector considered is the agricultural one, particularly in developing countries. Hence, migration can be viewed as a specific form of adaptation implemented by individuals and households, enabling them to cope, among other things, with weather-induced risk. We show that the importance of agriculture emerges from both plenty of micro-level country studies and relatively few macro-level analyses using cross-sectional data over longer time periods. Thus, policy actions targeted to sustainable agriculture and rural development can both help tackle the challenges posed by climate change and create opportunities in the face of growing migration issues. However, we also stress that much of the current evidence is based on statistical associations that have nothing to do with causal inferences. This calls for the use of a more structural approach and more sophisticated research designs, enabling the researchers to better discriminate among different mechanisms concurrently at work. In addition, further research should be addressed to the role played by food security, a complex dimension largely missing in the current debates on climate change and migration.