Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Natural history and management of hepatitis C in East London

Chronic infection with the hepatitis C virus infection (HCV) affects over 170 million individuals worldwide. In this thesis the natural history and management of hepatitis C in NorthEast London was investigated. The prevalence of cirrhosis in patients with chronic hepatitis C rises with increasing duration of infection. In Asian patients infected at birth, infection over 60 years causes cirrhosis in 71 % of infected individuals. Since the rate of fibrosis progression in Asian patients is the same as that seen in Caucasian patients, it is likely that similar rates of cirrhosis will be seen in all patients who are infected with HCV for over 60 years. Factors found to be associated with fibrosis progression were:age and alcohol excess. Insulin resistance was associated with fibrosis progression. However, elevated serum ferritin or hepatiC iron were not. Knowledge of hepatitis C in the East of London was examined and found to be poor despite the Department of Health information campaign. Educational meetings and postal surveys improved the level of knowledge of HCV. However as our group only assessed knowledge immediately after completion of the
Facilitators and Barriers to Implementing SBIRT in Primary Care in Integrated Health Care Settings

Facilitators and Barriers to Implementing SBIRT in Primary Care in Integrated Health Care Settings Alanna Kulchak Rahm PhD MS, Jennifer M Boggs MSW, Carmen Martin MPH, David W. Price MD, Arne Beck PhD, Thomas E. Backer PhD & James W. Dearing PhD a Kaiser Permanente Institute for Health Research, Denver, CO USA b Human Interaction Research Institute, Encino, CA USA c Geisinger Health System, Danville, PA USA d Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI USA Accepted author version posted online: 15 Aug 2014.
Steroids use in glioblastoma: why do we persist?

lioblastoma (GBM) is the most common malignant brain tumor and arises from glial cells. The condition was initially described ninety years ago. Despite intense research efforts, the prognosis for most patients remains woefully poor. Over the past few decades, our understanding of the pathologic processes implicated in GBM has improved, and we have a greater appreciation for the genetic and epigenetic aberrancies which drive disease progression and impact treatment response [1, 2]. We also have a clearer perspective of tumor-microenvironment interactions, hypoxia-induced cellular changes, and tumor-related cytokine dysregulation. Specifically, there is ample evidence that patients with GBM are immune-deficient; unfortunately, most conventional management strategies worsen this impairment.
Do school-going children with more active modes of morning commutes walk more throughout the day?

Boosting physical activity in school-going children has multiple health and educational benefits. One strategy to boost physical activity is to have students adopt more active commutes. However, empirical health studies suggest that students respond to physical activity interventions by cutting down their activity throughout the rest of the day. If such compensatory behavior occurs in response to commuting-based physical activity initiatives, then these initiatives may not achieve their desired outcomes. Using a dataset of walking data logged by about 7,700 Singaporean students wearing portable sensors, I examine the question: Do students who walk or take public transport to school walk more throughout the day than their peers who are driven to school, or do they compensate for more active morning commutes by walking less for rest of the day? This study triangulates three statistical approaches to identify the relationship between morning commute mode choice and walking activity: a multivariate linear regression model that includes potential confounders like students’ age group, household socio-economic status and built environment characteristics around home and school; a propensity score covariate adjustment model using similar baseline covariates as the first analysis; and a fixed effects model that estimates the net impact of inter-day mode changes for each individual student. Results from all three analyses suggest that students who take public transport or walk to school log a statistically significant and substantial number of steps more than their counterparts who are driven to school. However, this positive difference is whittled away by the end of the day, which supports the hypothesis that students with more active commutes compensate by walking less throughout the day. Programs to encourage active commuting may thus have limited effectiveness in boosting students’ physical activity
Questions and Answers from the F.I.X.;• Midazolam (Versed) Continuous Infusion;• High-Dose Concerta;• Noni Juice (Morinda Citrifolia) for Arthritis;• High-Dose Oxytocin;• Drotrecogin alfa (Zovant)

The Formulary Information Exchange (The F.I.X.) is an online drug information service available to subscribers of The Formulary Monograph Service or you may log on through drugfacts.com. In this column, we present samples of recent dialog on The F.I. X. If you would like more information on The Formulary Monograph Service or The F.I. X. , please call 800-322-4349.
Smoking cessation and weight gain

A female patient once told a physician, “Doc, the cheapest lunch I can buy is a cup of coffee and a cigarette. The coffee helps keep me awake and the cigarette gets rid of my hunger and keeps me slim! ” This quotation reflects the widespread belief that smoking helps to control hunger and lose weight. Weight gain after quitting smoking is commonly cited as a primary reason for not attempting to quit and for smoking relapse after cessation.1 When contemplating quitting smoking, over 65% of women and 25% of men express concern about gaining weight.2,3 Not surprisingly, smokers who have concerns about weight gain after cessation are more likely to drop out of treatment and are less likely to quit successfully than those without such weight concerns.1 In this issue of Smoking Cessation Rounds, postcessation weight management, the relationship to gender, and implications for the treatment of adolescents are discussed; as well, some simple, practical strategies to prevent postcessation weight gain are identified.
The first records of the olive-shaded bird-dropping moth, Acontia candefacta (Hubner, 1831) in Croatia

Koren, T. : The first records of the olive-shaded bird-dropping moth, Acontia candefacta (Hubner, 1831) in Croatia. Nat. Croat. , Vol. 28, No. 2. , 469-472, Zagreb, 2019. During faunistic surveys of the moths of northern Croatia, six specimens of the olive-shaded birddropping moth, Acontia candefacta, were recorded. Five specimens were attracted to light traps at the sandy area of Kloštarski pijesci near Đurđevac, while a single specimen was recorded on the southern slopes of Medvednica Nature Park near Zagreb. This species was deliberately introduced from Canada to Russia in 1969 in order to control the spread of the invasive plant Ambrosia artemisiifolia L. , and has so far spread across eastern and parts of central Europe, including Serbia and Hungary. With this survey A. candefacta has for the first time been recorded in Croatia, which confirmed the further spread of this species toward western Europe.
Chronic Non-Specific Low Back Pain

markdownabstract__Abstract__ Chronische aspecifieke lage rugpijn wordt van aangenomen dat het een multifactoriele aandoening is, wat impliceert dat een aantal verschillende risicofactoren bijdragen aan de ontwikkeling en het aanhouden van de klachten. Bij aanvang van de klachten kunnen prognostische factoren mogelijk voorspellen wat de toekomstige koers is. Risicofactoren voor de ontwikkeling van chronische pijn (d.w.z. de overgang van acute tot chronische pijn) zijn goed gedocumenteerd in de literatuur. Echter, wanneer de pijn persistent wordt, is er minder kennis beschikbaar over de factoren voor toekomstige resultaten. Meer kennis over de prognostische factoren voor chronische klachten zal er toe lijden om patienten beter te informeren en adviseren, ondersteuning te geven aan klinische beslissingen over de aard van de behandeling en het identificeren van patienten met een risico op een slechte uitkomst. Het doel van dit proefschrift was om het klinisch beloop van chronische aspecifieke lage rugpijn bij patienten die verwezen zijn naar een revalidatiecentrum in tertiaire zorg, en om de prognostische factoren te identificeren voor herstel te beschrijven. Tevens is er gekeken naar de invloed van verschillende uitkomsten (rugpijn intensiteit, beperkingen, werk participatie, kwaliteit van leven en verwachte herstel van de patient) en statistische technieken voor de analyse voor het ontwikkelen van een prognostisch model. Deze studie omvatte 1.760 patienten met chronische aspecifieke lage rug die een 2 maanden durende multidisciplinaire behandeling voltooide bij het revalidatie centrum Spine & Joint Centre te Rotterdam en werden gevolgd voor evaluaties bij 5 - en 12-maanden. Samengevat, het klinisch beloop van patienten met chronische aspecifieke lage rugpijn die niet herstellen tijdens eerste en tweede lijn leek te verbeteren na een revalidatieprogramma, met slagingspercentages tot 60% bij 12-maanden follow-up, afhankelijk van de definitie van herstel. Jongere leeftijd, vrouw zijn, getrouwd of leven met een volwassene, lagere intensiteit van de pijn en beperkingen, een hogere kwaliteit van leven (fysiek en mentaal) en een hogere arbeidsparticipatie vergroot de kans om te herstellen.
THE FACTORS INFLUENCING ON PURCHASE INTENTION OF THAI AND CHINESE CUSTOMERS TOWARDS THE HOTEL INDUSTRY IN BANGKOK, THAILAND

This study aimed to examine the factors influencing on purchase intention of Thai and Chinese customers towards the hotel industry in Bangkok, Thailand. This research adopted descriptive research method which aimed to describe the target population and variables. The researcher applied nonprobability sampling as a sampling technique and collected the data through questionnaires with 400 respondents. The questionnaire were implemented in English language collected from tourist who stay at hotel in the top three rankings of hotel area in Bangkok (Pathum Wan district, Phra Nakhon district and Watthana district). A statistical software was used to test the data. Variables are measured by a fivepoint Likert scale. The first two hypothesis were tested by Multiple Linear Regression and other two hypothesis were tested by Independent sample t-test. Summary of the results, the findings of the conceptual model revealed that eWOM affected loyalty and purchase intention as shown in the results of hypothesis one and two.
INTRODUCTION OF SOME PRINCIPLES OF ELECTRONIC LEARNING IN THE EVALUATION OF THE EFFICACY OF EDUCATION IN THE FIELD OF REHABILITATION IN BULGARIA

Current article presents the introduction of computer-based technologies in the education and the evaluation of the theoretical knowledge and practical skills in the field of rehabilitation in Bulgaria – in the special disciplines: Physical therapy, Kinesitherapy, Massage and Soft tissue techniques, Occupational therapy. A bank with approximately 1000 questions for evaluation of professional competences in the field of rehabilitation was created. After a tailored approbation we created a computer-based system, capable to make an automatic structuration and quantitative evaluation of tests (groups of questions), oriented to different types of staff in the rehabilitation field (students and workers): medical doctors – specialists and during specialization in Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine (PRM), students and specialists in Rehabilitation, Medical Rehabilitation and Ergotherapy, Kinesitherapy. We effectuated too an exploration of student’s opinion and worker’s opinion on some organization problems of Bulgarian rehabilitation. Some of principles of structuration of the ICT programme are presented. During the period September 2006 – September 2016 the quality of education of a total of 1276 students of the rehabilitation field (students, doctors during specialization, and specialists during long life learning) was investigated. Current article presents the evaluation of the level of competences (theoretical knowledge & practical skills) in the field of the basic disciplines: Kinesitherapy, Physical therapy, Massage, Occupational therapy – of the students of bachelor’s degree [specialties Rehablitation, Medical Rehabilitation and Ergotherapy (MRET), Kinesitherapy (KT)] and master’s degree [Medical Rehabilitation & Balneology, MRET and Medicine – course V] in different Bulgarian Medical Schools (3 Universities and 2 Colleges). We realized a comparison between students’ competencies and workers’ competencies (specialists in Rehabilitation, Medical rehabilitation & Ergotherapy, Physiotherapy; medical doctors – trainees and specialists in PRM). Our work is the first step of creation of a total electronic system in the rehabilitation in our country. We consider that the modernization of didactic concepts should promote the education in the rehabilitation field and the adaptation of the education to the needs of clinical practice, respectively to the amelioration of quality of care of patients.
Acrylamide induced the activation of NLRP3 inflammasome via ROS-MAPKs pathways in Kupffer cells

ABSTRACT Acrylamide (AA) is an important product of the Maillard reaction. Studies have demonstrated that AA caused oxidative stress damage in liver, which in turn triggered an inflammatory response, and the activation of NOD-like receptor protein-3 (NLRP3) inflammasome played a key factor in regulating inflammation. Therefore, we hypothesized NLRP3 inflammasome activation was involved in AA-induced inflammatory response. AA induced the reactive oxygen species (ROS) overproduction, accompanied by the MAPK pathway activation, which resulted in NLRP3 inflammasome formation, and eventually increased IL-1β and IL-18 release. The activation of the MAPK pathway was inhibited when using ROS scavenger (NAC). And when MAPK selective inhibitors were used, KCs viability was increased though AA-treated. Meanwhile the NLRP3 inflammasome activation was inhibited, which decreased the release of the cellular inflammatory secretion factors IL-1β and IL-18. Overall, the activation of ROS-MAPK-NLRP3-IL-1β signalling axis induced by AA plays an important role in the process of inflammation. Signaling pathways involved in inflammation induced by AA. After AA stimulated KCs, a large amount of ROS were released. ROS activated MAPK signaling pathway to promote the activation of NLRP3 inflammasome. Activation of NLRP3 signaling activated Caspase-1, resulting in the maturation of IL-1β and IL-18. The activation of NLRP3 inflammasome was inhibited and the levels of cytoinflammatory factor IL-1β and IL-18 were decreased when using MAPK selective inhibitors. GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT
Evaluation of a Trauma-Informed Program for Juvenile Justice-Involved Youth: The Pilot Program at Lookout Mountain Youth Services Center

There is increasing recognition of the prevalence of trauma exposure among youth involved in the juvenile justice system. To better address the needs of these youth, and to reduce the negative consequences of their behavior, there has been a move toward trauma-informed programming. In this report, the authors present the evaluation of a trauma-informed pilot program run by the Colorado Division of Youth Services in a residential youth facility.
Optimal Use of the Forum to Develop Problem-Based Learning: Effective Use of Cyber space in a Holistic Process

Introduction : Many medical schools have introduced PBL into their curricula because of the potential advantages for students learning over traditional lecture based curricula. Integration of online discussion forums could help students, PBL and the curriculum. The aim of this article is the use of the Forum to Develop Problem-Based Learning as a Cyberspace in a Holistic Process and the investigating the effect of this program on students satisfaction and students cognitive competence. Methodology : For each curriculum used a discussion forum (DF) was created with 90 student and 8 tutors. Using forum for problem based learning- virtual quiz and virtual round develop and design to develop problem based learning and the best use of virtual space to promote teaching and learning also best use of technology in teaching as a new method. Results: Included: reforming and finalizing learning objectives, posting the concept map constructed in the face-to-face session and questioning, encouraging and motivating each other. In addition, posts included tutors feedback and redirection. Conclusions : Blending e-learning with conventional PBL may help overcome student-perceived shortcomings of conventional PBL and improve the learning experience, making learning more interactive and interesting. Bangladesh Journal of Medical Science Vol.16(4) 2017 p.564-571
Dopant-free F-substituted benzodithiophene copolymer hole-transporting materials for efficient and stable perovskite solar cells

Polymeric hole-transporting materials (HTMs) with low production cost and versatile wet processing procedures are important for efficient and stable perovskite solar cells. In this study, three F-substituted benzodithiophene copolymers were introduced in perovskite solar cells as dopant-free efficient HTMs. Among them, perovskite solar cells based on dopant-free PBDT[2F]T achieved a comparable power conversion efficiency (PCE) (17.52%) to that of the well-known p-type doped spiro-OMeTAD (∼20.2%). More importantly, the solar cells with pristine PBDT[2F]T HTMs presented impressive stability in contrast to that with doped spiro-OMeTAD as the HTM in ambient atmosphere and even in high humidity. The detailed study showed that the dopant-free PBDT[2F]T HTM presents exceptional ability to extract holes from the perovskite layer, and simultaneously the capability to reduce trap-assisted recombination at the interface of perovskite/PBDT[2F]T. These findings pave the way for the development of dopant-free polymeric HTMs for the fabrication of cost-effective and stable perovskite solar cells.
Active droplets in a hydrogel release drugs with a constant and tunable rate

Materials that release drugs with a constant, zero-order rate are of great importance to improve therapeutic efficacy and reduce toxic side effects. The development of such materials is challenging, particularly the development of versatile platforms of which the release rate can be tuned. Here, we report a platform that comprises active oil-droplets with a tunable lifetime embedded in a hydrogel. The oil droplets are a type of dissipative (dynamic) assembly that is formed by a fuel-driven chemical reaction cycle. Once the fuel is depleted, the oil droplets decay following zero-order reaction kinetics due to a unique self-protection mechanism. We entrap hydrophobic drugs in the oil-phase, and we use the zero-order decay to dictate the release profiles of the entrapped drugs. The drug release has a constant rate over most of the release period, which is unique for drug delivery vehicles, particularly when considering the simplicity of the design. Moreover, we can tune the rate of the drug release and the length of the release period.
Stray Loss Model for Induction Motors With Using Equivalent Circuit Parameters

This article presents new models to estimate the stray load losses (SLs) of an induction motor using equivalent circuit parameters(ECPs). The stator and rotor slot geometries influence the magnetic field distribution in a motor, and this has a direct impact on the stray load losses. In equivalent circuits, the influence of slots on the magnetic field is represented by stator and rotor leakage inductances and the magnetizing inductance. In this work, the SL is modeled as a function of these inductances for grid-connected induction motors. The validity and accuracy of the proposed models are shown using the test data of 18 premium efficiency motors. It is also shown that the proposed SL model is accurate enough to be used in the design phase. The applicability of the proposed model for the design of IMs is demonstrated by designing, prototyping and testing four different induction motors of the same power ratings.
In vitro Untersuchungen zur Rolle des MER-Tyrosinkinase-Rezeptors bei der Leukämie / ZNS Interaktion der akuten lymphatischen Leukämie (ALL) im Kindesalter

Die Mer-TK wurde in zahlreichen Studien mit Uberlebenssignalwegen von soliden und hamatologischen Tumorerkrankungen in Verbindung gebracht. Mit der vorliegenden Arbeit sollte die Frage beantwortet werden, ob sich in vitro Hinweise auf einen Zusammenhang zwischen einer ZNS-Beteiligung und der Expression der Mer-TK im Rahmen der t(1;19)+ B-Zell-Vorlaufer ALL finden. Zu diesem Zweck wurde ein Kokulturmodell etabliert, in dem die ZNS-Nische durch Glia Zellen (U343: Gemischtes Astrozytom/Oligodendrogliom und NRA: Neonatale Ratten-Astrozyten) imitiert und das Verhalten von B-Vorlaufer ALL Zellen mit unterschiedlichen Mer-Expressionsniveaus untersucht wurde. Die erhobenen in vitro Daten liefern erste Erkenntnisse uber die Mer-TK als diagnostischen Marker und therapeutisches Target fur einen ZNS Befall der t(1;19)+ B-Zell-Vorlaufer ALL im Kindesalter. Daruber hinaus konnte gezeigt werden, dass der Mer-Ligand Galectin-3 hochreguliert wird und damit als Mer-Aktivator in diesem Modell in Frage kommt.
Media practices of young Australians: Tangible and measurable reflections on a digital divide

: This paper presents findings on the household availability of digital media devices and the uses made of this technology by young people aged 12 to 18 living within the Greater Melbourne area of Australia. Drawing upon questionnaire data from a purposive sample of 860 students frequency analysis of this data indicates three dominant factors shape a young person’s media experience: gender, siblings present within the home, and parents’ highest level of education 1 . Moreover, when examining the types of software programs and the social network services used by young people age emerges as an additional layer to understanding these practices. In order to help contextualise these digital engagements, a comparative analysis with youth in the UK and the USA is undertaken to explore the ongoing validity of previous research claiming Australian youth as being some of the most digitally connected youth in the world. This paper presents findings from Australian data collected as part of a larger European Union Horizon 20/20 funded eight-nation research project entitled Transmedia Literacy: Exploiting transmedia skills and informal learning strategies to improve formal education . Analysing questionnaire data collected from young people living in Melbourne, Australia, patterns emerge to the types of media used and the types of activities engaged. Three distinct factors emerge as shaping the media engagement throughout this cohort: a participant’s gender, whether they have siblings within the household and parents’ highest level of education; while age and gender are also essential to understanding the types of software programs and the social network services (SNS) they use. In order to contextualise the practices of these Australian youth comparative analysis is performed against data from youth in the UK and USA over a similar period to examine the commonality and differences to media engagements of young people within the world’s three principle Anglophone nations. Outside of government and state regulatory funded research bodies (i.e. the Australian Bureau of Statistics (ABS) and Australian Communications and Media Authority (ACMA)) findings presented here add to the limited body of work providing large-scale analysis to the media practices of Australian youth 2 . Similarly, this work adds to previous research, which establishes how the term gradation rather than divide better defines the digital media