Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
An Independently Four-Channel Cavity Diplexer With 1.1–2.8 GHz Tunable Range

In this letter, an independently 1.1–2.8 GHz tunable four-channel cavity diplexer is proposed and developed. The presented diplexer consists of two tunable dual-band filters. Each filter is separately achieved by putting two identical sets of two metal posts in a single cavity. The variable distance of the posts is selected to provide an appropriate coupling between adjacent modes during the tuning process. Meanwhile, the adjustable screws with capacitive loading are employed to control the prescribed resonant frequency of the cavity. Thus, a wide tuning range of 1.1–2.8 GHz (87% tunable ratio) is obtained in a continuous way. Moreover, the diplexer can achieve an isolation higher than 50 dB. Finally, the proposed diplexer is fabricated, and the measured results agree well with the simulated results.
Leveraging the Potentials of Dedicated Collaborative Interactive Learning: Conceptual Foundations to Overcome Uncertainty by Human-Machine Collaboration

When a learning system learns from data that was previously assigned to categories, we say that the learning system learns in a supervised way. By “supervised”, we mean that a higher entity, for example a human, has arranged the data into categories. Fully categorizing the data is cost intensive and time consuming. Moreover, the categories (labels) provided by humans might be subject to uncertainty, as humans are prone to error. This is where dedicate collaborative interactive learning (D-CIL) comes together: The learning system can decide from which data it learns, copes with uncertainty regarding the categories, and does not require a fully labeled dataset. Against this background, we create the foundations of two central challenges in this early development stage of D-CIL: task complexity and uncertainty. We present an approach to “crowdsourcing traffic sign labels with self-assessment” that will support leveraging the potentials of D-CIL.
A slot design for uniform aperture field distribution in single-layered radial line slot antennas

The slot design for aperture field synthesis in a single-layered RLSA (radial line slot antenna) is summarized. In order to realize a desired slot coupling, the slot length and the spacing are varied on the basis of a full-wave analysis. An example is presented concerning the design of the uniform aperture field distribution. <<ETX>>
The molecular basis of thrombolysis and its clinical application in stroke

Murray V, Norrving B, Sandercock PAG, Terént A, Wardlaw JM, Wester P (Karolinska Institutet Danderyd Hospital, Stockholm; Department of Neurology, Lund, Sweden; Division of Clinical Neurosciences, Edinburgh, UK; Acute and Internal Medicine, Uppsala; Umeå Stroke Centre, Umeå; Sweden). The molecular basis of thrombolysis and its clinical application in stroke (Review). J Intern Med 2010; 267: 191–208.
Use of a sodium polyanetholesulfonate disk for the identification of Gardnerella vaginalis

Several methods have been previously suggested for the presumptive identification of Gardnerella vaginalis in clinical laboratories, but none is entirely satisfactory. We previously found that sodium polyanetholesulfonate (SPS) inhibits G. vaginalis in blood culture media. We compared susceptibility to an SPS-containing paper disk with beta-hemolysis on human blood agar, hippurate hydrolysis, and inhibition by alpha-hemolytic streptococci for identification of 62 previously confirmed G. vaginalis strains. All strains were positive by SPS disk and alpha-hemolytic streptococcus inhibition, 78% were positive by beta-hemolysis, and 81% were positive by hippurate hydrolysis. Although positive reactions occurred with SPS disk and alpha-hemolytic streptococcus tests for 5 and 9 of 84 other bacteria tested, respectively, none of these bacteria were positive for both tests. We conclude that a combination of SPS disk susceptibility and alpha-hemolytic streptococcus inhibition provides excellent identification of G. vaginalis when performed by the methods suggested.
Arterial calcification: A review of mechanisms, animal models, and the prospects for therapy

The causes of arterial calcification are beginning to be elucidated. Macrophages, mast cells, and smooth muscle cells are the primary cells implicated in this process. The roles of a variety of bone‐related proteins including bone morphogenetic protein‐2 (BMP‐2), matrix Gla protein (MGP), osteoprotegerin (OPG), osteopontin, and osteonectin in regulating arterial calcification are reviewed. Animals lacking MGP, OPG, smad6, carbonic anhydrase isoenzyme II, fibrillin‐1, and klotho gene product develop varying extents of arterial calcification. Hyperlipidemia, vitamin D, nicotine, and warfarin, alone or in various combinations, produce arterial calcification in animal models. MGP has recently been discovered to be an inhibitor of bone morphogenetic protein‐2, the principal osteogenic growth factor. Many of the forces that induce arterial calcification may act by disrupting the essential post‐translational modification of MGP, allowing BMP‐2 to induce mineralization. MGP requires gamma‐carboxylation before it is functional, and this process uses vitamin K as an essential cofactor. Vitamin K deficiency, drugs that act as vitamin K antagonists, and oxidant stress are forces that could prevent the formation of GLA residues on MGP. The potential role of arterial apoptosis in calcification is discussed. Potential therapeutic options to limit the rate of arterial calcification are summarized. © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Med Res Rev, 21, No. 4, 274–301, 2001
Myocilin allele‐specific glaucoma phenotype database

Glaucoma, a complex heterogenous disease, is the leading cause for optic nerve–related blindness worldwide. Since 1997, when mutations in the myocilin (MYOC) gene were identified as causing juvenile onset as well as a proportion of primary open‐angle glaucoma (POAG), more than 180 variants have been documented. Approximately one in 30 unselected patients with POAG have a disease‐causing myocilin mutation and it has been shown that firm genotype–phenotype correlations exist. We have compiled an online catalog of myocilin variants and their associated phenotypes. This locus‐specific resource, to which future submissions can be made, is available online (www.myocilin.com; last accessed 28 August 2007). The database, constructed using MySQL, contains three related sheets that contain data pertaining to the information source, variant identified, and relevant study data, respectively. The website contains a list of all identified variants and summary statistics as well as background genomic information, such as the annotated sequence and cross‐protein/species homology. Phenotypic data such as the mean±standard deviation (SD) age at POAG diagnosis, mean±SD maximum recorded intraocular pressure, proportion of patients requiring surgical intervention, and age‐related penetrance can be viewed by selecting a particular mutation. Approximately 40% of the identified sequence variants have been characterized as disease causing, with the majority (∼85%) of these being missense mutations. Preliminary data generated from this online resource highlight the strong genotype–phenotype correlations associated with specific myocilin mutations. The large‐scale assimilation of relevant data allows for accurate comprehensive genetic counseling and the translation of genomic information into the clinic. Hum Mutat 29(2), 207–211, 2008. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Superposition Signaling in Broadcast Interference Networks

It is known that superposition signaling in Gaussian interference networks is capable of improving the achievable rate region. However, the problem of maximizing the rate gain offered by superposition signaling is computationally prohibitive, even in the simplest case of two-user single-input single-output interference networks. This paper examines superposition signaling for the general multiple-input multiple-output broadcast Gaussian interference networks. The problem of maximizing either the sum rate or the minimal user’s rate under superposition signaling and dirty paper coding is solved by a computationally efficient path-following procedure, which requires only a convex quadratic program for each iteration but ensures convergence at least to a locally optimal solution. Numerical results demonstrate the substantial performance advantage of the proposed approach.
Metabolic syndrome and bone metabolism: the Camargo Cohort Study

Objectives: The aims of this study were to compare in participants with and without metabolic syndrome (1) bone mineral density (BMD), (2) prevalent vertebral and nonvertebral fractures, and (3) calciotropic hormones and bone turnover markers and to examine the association of each component of metabolic syndrome with bone parameters. Methods: A cross-sectional study (495 men and 1,013 women) from the Camargo Cohort Study was conducted. A multivariable regression approach was used to analyze the relationship between the components of metabolic syndrome and bone parameters. Results: Women with metabolic syndrome had higher age-adjusted BMD at all localizations (P < 0.0001) than did women without metabolic syndrome. Adjusting for body mass index canceled out this difference at the spine and femoral neck, although borderline significance persisted at the total hip. Moreover, in regression analyses, waist circumference (P < 0.0001) and hypertension (P between 0.002 and <0.0001) highly correlated with BMD at the three sites. However, no significant differences in BMD were found in men between those with and without metabolic syndrome. No differences in the prevalence of vertebral or nonvertebral fractures between participants with metabolic syndrome and controls were found for either sex. 25-Hydroxyvitamin D was significantly lower (P < 0.0001) and parathyroid hormone was significantly higher (P < 0.0001) in women with metabolic syndrome than in women without metabolic syndrome, whereas no differences were seen in men. Propeptide of type I collagen and C-terminal telopeptide of type I collagen were significantly lower in participants with metabolic syndrome than in controls in either sex. Conclusions: Women with metabolic syndrome show higher BMD than controls do, mainly driven by their higher body weight. Bone remodeling in these women is lower. Despite the greater bone mass and lower bone turnover, fracture prevalence is not reduced, suggesting worse bone quality and/or higher tendency to fall. No differences in BMD or fractures were seen in men, suggesting that the impact of metabolic syndrome on bone is sex dependent.
Malicious Behavior Patterns

This paper details a schema developed for defining malicious behavior in software. The presented approach enables malware analysts to identify and categorize malicious software through its high-level goals as well as down to the individual functions executed on operating system level. We demonstrate the practical application of the schema by mapping dynamically extracted system call patterns to a comprehensive hierarchy of malicious behavior.
Maturity-associated variation in sport-specific skills of youth soccer players aged 13 – 15 years

The aim of this study was to estimate the contribution of experience, body size and maturity status to variation in sport-specific skills of adolescent soccer players. The participants were 69 players aged 13.2 – 15.1 years from three clubs that competed in the highest division for their age group. Height and body mass were measured and stage of pubic hair development was assessed at clinical examination. Years of experience in football was obtained at interview. Six football skill tests were administered: ball control with the body, ball control with the head, dribbling with a pass, dribbling speed, shooting accuracy and passing accuracy. Multiple linear regression analysis was used to estimate the relative contributions of age, stage of sexual maturity, height, body mass and years of formal training in soccer to the six skill tests. Age, experience, body size and stage of puberty contributed significantly but in different combinations to the variance in four of the six skill tests: dribbling with a pass (21%; age, stage of maturity), ball control with the head (14%; stage of maturity, height, body height × body mass interaction), ball control with the body (13%; stage of maturity, years of training) and shooting accuracy (8%; stage of maturity, height; borderline significance, P = 0.06). There were no significant predictors for the tests of dribbling speed and passing accuracy. In conclusion, age, experience, body size and stage of puberty contributed relatively little to variation in performance in four of the six soccer-specific skill tests in adolescent footballers aged 13 – 15 years.
A mathematical model of tumor-immune interactions incorporated with danger model

This paper presents a new mathematical model of the interactions between a tumor and a immune system by incorporating the danger model. A key feature of the mathematical model is the introducing of the danger signal into the dynamics of immune system, which is rarely considered by previous works. The populations involved are tumor cells, CD8+-cells, natural killer-cells (NK-cells), dendritic cells (DCs) and cytokine interleukin-12 (IL-12). Based on the constructed mathematical model, we discuss the location and stability properties of equilibria, which will be helpful to get a broad understanding of the specific system dynamics and guide the development of therapies. In the end, numerical simulations of the system with chemotherapy by using specific parameters are presented to illustrate that proper therapy is able to eliminate the entire tumor.
New Directions for Low‐Dimensional Thermoelectric Materials

Many of the recent advances in enhancing the thermoelectric figure of merit are linked to nanoscale phenomena found both in bulk samples containing nanoscale constituents and in nanoscale samples themselves. Prior theoretical and experimental proof‐of‐principle studies on quantum‐well superlattice and quantum‐wire samples have now evolved into studies on bulk samples containing nanostructured constituents prepared by chemical or physical approaches. In this Review, nanostructural composites are shown to exhibit nanostructures and properties that show promise for thermoelectric applications, thus bringing together low‐dimensional and bulk materials for thermoelectric applications. Particular emphasis is given in this Review to the ability to achieve 1) a simultaneous increase in the power factor and a decrease in the thermal conductivity in the same nanocomposite sample and for transport in the same direction and 2) lower values of the thermal conductivity in these nanocomposites as compared to alloy samples of the same chemical composition. The outlook for future research directions for nanocomposite thermoelectric materials is also discussed.
Singular perturbations and time scales in control theory and applications: An overview

This paper presents an overview of singular perturbations and time scales (SPaTS) in control theory and applications during the period 1984-2001 (the last such overviews were provided by [231, 371]). Due to the limitations on space, this is in way intended to be an exhaustive survey on the topic.
Social Dynamics in Online Cultural Fields

In spite of a long literature on online communities and electronic networks, little theoretical work has been done on understanding a recent online phenomenon: "user-generated content" (UGC) platforms. This paper proposes an analytical lens for the study of social dynamics on UGC platforms. Drawing on Bourdieu's concepts of field and capital, we introduce the notion of online cultural field and investigate which characteristics of agents and their contribution behavior produce status distinctions in these fields. These characteristics are then placed in a framework which attempts to address how capital is produced, reproduced and transformed in online cultural fields and how these processes help us understand the evolution of these fields. We briefly review how we will follow this theoretical model with an empirical investigation.
Restorative Proctocolectomy and Ileal Pouch-anal Anastomosis.

OBJECTIVES To assess mortality after restorative proctocolectomy (RPC) and determine the influencing factors with a specific focus on institutional caseload and surgical approach in France. BACKGROUND RPC is an uncommonly performed and demanding procedure; case volume may exert a significant influence on outcome. METHODS Data of all patients who underwent RPC in France between 2009 and 2012, including demographics, diagnosis, procedures, mode of admission, discharge, and hospital type were collected. RESULTS One thousand one hundred sixty-six RPCs were performed in 237 centers (mean: 1.65 procedure/year/center). Rate of laparoscopic procedures was 47.1% (n = 549). Mortality reached 1.5% (n = 17). Independent factors for mortality were ageless than 45 years (odds ratio, OR = 3.9) and surgery in a center performing less than 3 RPC per year (OR = 3.2). Centers performing less than 3 RPC per year represented 89% of all centers, accounted for 37% (n = 431) of all patients and represented 70.6% of all deaths (n = 12). Underlying pathology exerted a significant effect on mortality; mortality rate after "classical" indications (polyposis and inflammatory bowel disease) was 0.7% (8/1078) and was 16.7% (9/54) for "nonclassical" indications (peritonitis, carcinomatosis, and so on) (P < 0.0001). Nonclassical diagnoses were observed more frequently in centers performing less than 3 RPC per year [40/412 (7.3%) vs 24/720 (3.3%), P = 0.0027]. A laparoscopic approach was associated with a low mortality rate on univariate analysis (0.7% vs 1.2%, P = 0.05), a shorter hospital stay (15.8 ± 0.6 vs 17.8 ± 0.55, P = 0.0053) and more frequently performed in experienced centers ≥3 RPC/year (50.8% vs 40.7%, P = 0.0009). CONCLUSIONS Mortality after RPC in centers performing 3 or less RPC per year was significantly higher, and accounted for more than half of all deaths. In France, consolidating all RPCs to higher volume centers may lead to better outcomes.
Cellular immunity to mumps virus in young adults 21 years after measles-mumps-rubella vaccination.

BACKGROUND Measles-mumps-rubella (MMR) vaccination has decreased the incidence of measles, mumps, and rubella virus infections in several countries. However, the persistence of MMR vaccine-induced immunity in the absence of endemic infection has remained unknown. METHODS The persistence of cellular and humoral immunity to mumps virus was studied in 50 individuals (group A) who had been vaccinated twice with MMR vaccine during early childhood and were followed up for 21 years after their first vaccination. Eleven individuals (group B) with naturally acquired immunity to mumps virus were studied for comparison. RESULTS Anti-mumps virus IgG antibodies were detectable (titer > or = 230) in 72% of the vaccinees. A mumps antigen-specific lymphoproliferative response (defined as a stimulatory index [SI] > or = 3) was observed in 98% of group A subjects (mean+/-SD SI, 26+/-30 [range, 0.5-252]) and in 100% of group B subjects (mean+/-SD SI, 22+/-27 [range, 5-123]). Significant mumps antigen-specific interferon- gamma production was detected in 73% of subjects in both groups A and B, and interleukin-10 production was detected in 40% and 36% of group A and B subjects, respectively. CONCLUSIONS All presently seronegative vaccinees (n=14) had mumps antigen-specific lymphoproliferative responses, and only 1 of the seropositive vaccinees (n=36) was devoid of detectable cellular immunity. The results suggest a very long persistence of vaccine-induced anti-mumps virus cellular immunity.
Effects of Running and other Activities on Moods

The purpose of this study was to compare the moods and mood variations of runners to those of aerobic dancers, weight-lifters, and nonexercising controls. The subjects, 70 undergraduates, were participants in a jogging and conditioning, a weight training, an aerobic dance, or an introductory psychology class. A time-series design was used in which all participants completed eight Profile of Mood State questionnaires over a 6-hr. period that centered on the time of the class. Four questionnaires were completed during the second week of classes and the other four about midsemester, approximately 6 wk. later. Runners had a significantly more positive mood profile than nonexercisers and a somewhat more positive one than weight-lifters, but those of runners and aerobic dancers were similar. Changes in moods across time in relation to activity and across semester suggest that exercise, particularly aerobic exercise, helps the regular participant not only to cope with stress but also to have a generally more positive feeling of well-being.
The Dates of the Discovery of the First Peking Man Fossil Teeth

abstract:Four teeth of Peking Man from Zhoukoudian, excavated by Otto Zdansky in 1921 and 1923 and currently housed in the Museum of Evolution at Uppsala University, are among the most treasured finds in palaeoanthropology, not only because of their scientific value but also for their important historical and cultural significance. It is generally acknowledged that the first fossil evidence of Peking Man was two teeth unearthed by Zdansky during his excavations at Zhoukoudian in 1921 and 1923. However, the exact dates and details of their collection and identification have been documented inconsistently in the literature. We reexamine this matter and find that, due to incompleteness and ambiguity of early documentation of the discovery of the first Peking Man teeth, the facts surrounding their collection and identification remain uncertain. Had Zdansky documented and revealed his findings on the earliest occasion, the early history of Zhoukoudian and discoveries of first Peking Man fossils would have been more precisely known and the development of the field of palaeoanthropology in early twentieth century China would have been different.
Self-Service Data Preparation and Analysis by Business Users: New Needs, Skills, and Tools

This case study characterizes the new ecology of needs, skills, and tools for self-service analytics emerging in business organizations. A growing population of data analysts are being employed in departments such as Sales, Marketing, and Finance. These new users call for new tools for self-service analytics. The paper summarizes qualitative findings from three years of user research with business users performing data analysis tasks. The call for a broader theoretical framework is proposed based on these findings.