Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
High-Intensity Interval Training Decreases Resting Urinary Hypoxanthine Concentration in Young Active Men—A Metabolomic Approach

High-intensity interval training (HIIT) is known to improve performance and skeletal muscle energy metabolism. However, whether the body’s adaptation to an exhausting short-term HIIT is reflected in the resting human metabolome has not been examined so far. Therefore, a randomized controlled intervention study was performed to investigate the effect of a ten-day HIIT on the resting urinary metabolome of young active men. Fasting spot urine was collected before (−1 day) and after (+1 day; +4 days) the training intervention and 65 urinary metabolites were identified by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy. Metabolite concentrations were normalized to urinary creatinine and subjected to univariate statistical analysis. One day after HIIT, no overall change in resting urinary metabolome, except a significant difference with decreasing means in urinary hypoxanthine concentration, was documented in the experimental group. As hypoxanthine is related to purine degradation, lower resting urinary hypoxanthine levels may indicate a training-induced adaptation in purine nucleotide metabolism.
A Survey on Connected Dominating Sets (CDS) Both in the Wireless Sensor Networks and Wireless Ad Hoc Networks

- Wireless sensor networks consist of large number of tiny sensors that are deployed randomly. The sensor nodes may be static or mobile forming ad hoc or Sensor networks respectively. These two networks have few similar properties but have their own uniqueness. The ad hoc networks have node mobility. Energy consumption is a fundamental issue in both wireless ad hoc and sensor networks.Sensor nodes in the network monitor different regions of an area.To extend the lifetime of the network and to improve the performance we construct the connected dominant sets (CDS). The CDS acts as the virtual backbone of the network. Given a query over the sensor networks the minimum connected sensor, it should cover the full coverage area. A single sensor node failure in the connected dominant sets leads to network portioning and loss of connectivity. In this paper different types of algorithms of CDS and related problems were discussed. Adding to that some open problems and issues also proposed in this paper.
A Guaranteed Time and Rate Control Method for Improving QoS in WLAN

Wireless Local Area Network is a mobile network, which connects the users in a small specific area. The devices within the area connect with each other through the wireless access points. The main requirements for the connection between the wireless devices are the time and the power. The transmission time between the wireless devices should be less and the power should be effective for the transmission to avoid the loss. With these considerations, we propose a novel method which hybrids the guaranteed time and power. The proposed method is designed for the network, which quickly responds to the slight changes and the normal networks. Guaranteed time slots are used for the time management and the rate control is used for the guaranteed power. This method works well in both the sensitive and insensitive areas. The performance of the proposed work is accurately analyzed using the analytical and the simulation methods. The numerical results obtained is accurate with the simulation results obtained using the ns-2.34 simulator. The throughput obtained is higher for the sensitive areas with minimum delay than the insensitive areas and closely matches the analytical results.
UNDERSTANDING USER INTENTIONS IN VERTICAL IMAGE SEARCH

With the development of Internet and Web 2.0, large volume of multimedia contents have been made online. It is highly desired to provide easy accessibility to such contents, i.e. efficient and precise retrieval of images that satisfies users’ needs. Towards this goal, contentbased image retrieval (CBIR) has been intensively studied in the research community, while text-based search is better adopted in the industry. Both approaches have inherent disadvantages and limitations. Therefore, unlike the great success of text search, Web image search engines are still premature. In this thesis, we present iLike, a vertical image search engine which integrates both textual and visual features to improve retrieval performance. We bridge the semantic gap by capturing the meaning of each text term in the visual feature space, and re-weight visual features according to their significance to the query terms. We also bridge the user intention gap since we are able to infer the “visual meanings” behind the textual queries. Last but not least, we provide a visual thesaurus, which is generated from the statistical similarity between the visual space representation of textual terms. Experimental results show that our approach improves both precision and recall, compared with content-based or text-based image retrieval techniques. More importantly, search results from iLike are more consistent with users’ perception of the query terms.
Hidden Markov models for burst error characterization in indoor radio channels

Many digital communication channels exhibit statistical dependencies among errors. The design of error control schemes for such channels and their performance evaluation is simplified if appropriate generative models of the overall communication link are available. This paper presents a new class of generative models based on the interconnection of hidden Markov submodels parameterized by the Baum-Welch algorithm. The method has some resemblance to the well-studied problem of speech recognition of isolated words; however, in our approach, instead of dealing with words, one deals with error bursts, and the final goal is to generate bursts rather than to recognize words. The proposed model is particularly suitable for simulating error profiles with long bursts, as is often the case in indoor radio channels, where the error-free gaps inside a burst are heavily nonrenewal. The merits of the method are corroborated by applying the technique to two particular examples of indoor code-division multiple-access (CDMA) radio links.
Socio-pleasure in Digital Storybook

This paper describes a study incorporating sociopleasure elements in digital storybook. This paper aims at demonstrating the incorporation of the aspects of socio-pleasure as suggested by the THE Medium model into the digital storybook. First, the THE Medium model is adapted in determining the aspects of socio-pleasure. Having identified the aspects, a storybook was designed and developed. Then, users’ reactions on the digital storybook were observed in their pre-school setting. It was found that the children were engaged with the digital storybook that incorporates the adapted aspects of socio-pleasure by the THE Medium model.
Toward a multilevel relational data language

An implementation-dependent multilevel query language called MSQL (multilevel structured query language) for defining and manipulating (multilevel relations) is defined. The MSQL language includes an access class data type, integrity constraints, primary keys, and provision for specification of classification domains for attributes of multilevel relations. The near-term SeaView design includes an MSQL preprocessor that translates MSQL queries into a set of standard SQL queries on the single-level base relations. <<ETX>>
The detection of glaucoma using an artificial neural network

The scanning laser ophthalmoscope is a device used by ophthalmologists to obtain topographic images of patients' optic nerve heads (ONHs). Measurements are taken from these images that quantitatively describe the shape of the ONH. Glaucoma involves the loss of retinal nerve fibers, which in turn produces a change in the ONH shape. However, it is not known which shape parameters are most relevant to the diagnosis of glaucoma. To solve this problem, a feedforward artificial neural network (ANN) was designed to discriminate between patient data. Patients were first independently classified using perimetry data (visual fields) into normal and abnormal (glaucomatous) groups. The ANN was trained using error backpropagation (n=89 samples) and the classification model was cross validated using one normal, and one abnormal sample. The entire data set (45 normals and 46 abnormals) was utilized for cross validation and each time the error rate of the training set was required to be less than 15%. The ANN gave an overall classification rate of 86.7%, with a specificity (correct normals) of 88.9% and a sensitivity (correct abnormals) of 84.4%. The ANN classification model, with only two hidden units, generalized well which indicates that the ONH measurements are useful for the detection of glaucoma.
Laplacian electrocardiograms with active electrodes for arrhythmia detection

Laplacian electrocardiogram (LECG) locates the moment of activation (MOA) at an electrode site from the surface of the chest. A tripolar concentric ring sensor provides a small but well-defined localized signal. The instrumentation amplifier (IA) mounted above the sensor is powered by two on-board lithium batteries. Combining the common mode rejection (CMR) of the tripolar concentric ring sensor and the high common mode rejection ratio (CMRR) of the IA, the LECG signal can be obtained with a good signal to noise ratio (SNR) in real time. Different MOA were observed for each of the 16 sites for each subject. Beat to beat time shift changes were observed at the same site in one subject with bigeminal rhythm. Normal sinus rhythm (NSR) time delay pattern can be used to compare with abnormal ones. Fast arrhythmia classification can be achieved in real time without digital signal processing.
Introduction to the Tiled HW Architecture of SHAPES

Nanoscale systems on chip dedicated to embedded systems and numerical computations will integrate a few hundreds of million gates. The challenge is to find a scalable HW/SW design style for future CMOS technologies. The main HW problem is wiring, which threatens Moore’s law. Tiled architectures suggest a possible HW path: “small” processing tiles connected by “short wires”. A second HW problem is the management of the design complexity. A tiled design style reuses stable Intellectual Properties requiring a few million gates: a manageable complexity. A typical SHAPES tile always contains one Distributed Network Processor (DNP) for inter-tile communications, plus one VLIW DSP processor for computation and/or one RISC processor for control. The DNP is supported by a NoC (for inter-tile, inter-chip communications) and by Ndimensional toroidal network for off-chip communications. The SW challenge is to provide a simple and efficient programming environment for a (massive) tiled parallel architecture. This paper introduces the HW architecture.
Interactive Puzzles in Vocabulary Instruction: Teachers and Learners as Designers / Kelime Öğretiminde Etkileşimli Bulmacalar: Tasarımcı Olarak Öğretmen ve Öğrenciler

Crosswords and other word puzzles are commonly enjoyed by a great majority of people in our daily lives, and they are also used in books and other instructional materials. In language teaching and learning, paper-based and interactive puzzles have been used to add flavour to vocabulary acquisition processes in terms of teaching spelling rules, internalising lexical meaning, recognising synonyms and word collocations and so on. The introduction of Web 2.0 technologies has added further dimensions to their preparation and use, such as user-friendliness, flexibility and ability to share, making them easier to access for both instructors and teachers. However, some foreign language teachers may not be familiar with how to prepare interactive puzzles and how to utilize puzzles that are produced using Web 2.0 tools in vocabulary instruction. Therefore, this study aims to give an overview of interactive puzzles generated using Web 2.0 tools and other software and how to utilize them in vocabulary acquisition. To this end, this paper elaborates on the use of puzzles in vocabulary acquisition within the framework of emerging Web 2.0 technologies. The researchers describe simple design procedures involving Web 2.0 tools and other educational software to do away with the misconception that it is the job of an expert to build up interactive puzzles. Moreover, they also make some practical recommendations to materials designers, teachers and learners to help them harness the power of puzzles in vocabulary instruction
Part-of-Speech tagging of Yoruba Standard, Language of Niger-Congo family

The utilization of corpora is a critical phase of systems of Natural Language Processing (NLP) based on statistical methods. This point is crucial for less equipped and less computerized languages like African languages. This paper aimed to design a yoruba corpus. Yoruba is an African language of Niger-Congo family. It is spoken by more than thirty million people around the world and particularly in Nigeria and Benin. The main motivation of this work was to obtain training data for PoS taggers and to provide applications of Yoruba Language Processing (YLP) with a basic tool. The tagging was performed with SVMTool one of the Part-of-Speech taggers widely used. The preprocessing of the text general outline has been ensured by Perl scripts. The corpus with 312,562 words, formed from the Web, was annotated with an accuracy of 98.04%. This annotated corpus might be used in translation system.
Gaussian process for dynamic systems

State estimation is a fundamental problem for agents which operate in the real world. An agent must have knowledge of its state and the environment within which it operates. However, this knowledge of the world is available only through noisy and imperfect sensors. The key to this problem is the interpretation of this data in a probabilistically sound manner. One of the most successful approaches for state estimation is through the use of Bayesian filtering techniques including Kalman and particle filters. These filters commonly rely on parametric models of the system. However, these models are difficult to develop and often require simplifying assumptions which do not address the full complexity of the system. In this thesis, we introduce a non-parametric method for building these system models. Specifically, we use Gaussian processes to learn both the dynamics and observation models. These models are more accurate than their parametric counterparts and are flexible enough to capture all aspects of the system. The basic technique requires ground truth training data, and we show how it can be extended to learn models without this data. We again extend this framework to allow for control of systems given expert demonstrations. We test the effectiveness of our methods using a variety of robotic platforms.
Joint channel estimation and peak-to-average power reduction in coherent OFDM: a novel approach

A new peak-to-average power reduction approach for OFDM has been addressed. Two-dimensional pilot-symbol assisted modulation (2D-PSAM) is employed in coherent OFDM for channel estimation and it is based on inserting known symbols spreaded out throughout the 2D time-frequency grid. We show that these scattered symbols can also be employed to perform distortionless peak power reduction, with a negligible loss in data-rate. To reduce additional system complexity and side information, several suboptimal strategies are proposed. A comparison between the two schemes with different approaches to the joint design of pilot symbols for both channel estimation and peak power reduction, has also been carried out.
Comparison of enhanced resolution images of Greenland from the ERS-1 and Seasat scatterometers

With the increased awareness of the role of ice sheets as a sensitive indicator of global climate change, there is greater need for synoptic interannual studies of major glacial ice masses. Only limited large scale decadal studies of the ice sheets of Antarctica and Greenland have been possible with past and present satellite systems. A recently developed resolution enhancement technique facilitates the use of scatterometer data for extended studies of glacial ice at medium scale resolution with hemispheric or even global coverage possible. The authors compare previously published results for the Seasat-A scatterometer with current ERS-1 scatterometer data for Greenland. Illustrative images and data plots are provided. <<ETX>>
Simulación de sistemas mimo multi-usuarío vía procesamiento de señales:diagonalización de bloques

MIMO technology, is to have more than one antenna at both the transmitter and receiver, MIMO can be used with any modulation technique or access, and is currently the most commonly used technique called multiplexing for Orthogonal Frequency Division (OFDM), which can divide the frequency selective channel into several flat fading channels and then apply MIMO technology to each one of these sub-channels. Research on MIMO channels for both single and multi-user; have focused on 2 main problems of optimization, which are: maximizing performance (capacity) and power control. In MIMO-MU (multiple input multiple output, Multi-user), one of the major topics to be discussed is the elimination of co-channel interference which use the block diagonalization technique which is a method based on orthogonal projection. This algorithm is a linear pre-encoding alternative that transmitting multiple data frames each user while removing inter user interference at the same time, which is an extension of Zero-forcing algorithm for multi-user MIMO downlink; that is a generalization of the investment channel. Index Terms — MIMO, MIMO-MU, FEEDBACK, BD, ZF, CSI, SVD.
Modified CSK-system with discriminant procedure for signal processing

Modified CSK-system using a discriminant procedure for recovering information encoded in variations of driving parameter of the nonlinear map is proposed. Discriminant procedure based on Fisher criterion and implies measurements of statistical characteristics of a difference between received and reference sequences. Such procedure is shown to be able to retrieve binary information even under conditions of 30% inconsistence (comparing to 0.5% typical for systems with synchronization) between driving parameters of transmitting and reference maps. Tracking receiver which combines CSK-system with discrimination procedure and control feedback is also proposed. This receiver allows to reduce signal/noise ratio required for reliable receiving of binary information. Such system is able to reconstruct also smooth variation of driving parameters. At last, an opportunity to recover several data streams transmitted within a single chaotic carrier is discussed.
A study on the experimental sector switched antenna by DOA estimation for mobile video transmission

In the application of a simplified adaptive antenna system in the mobile transmission of wideband digital signal that enables the transmission of MPEG-2 quality video, we have developed a sector switched antenna in which sector selection is based on the result of direction of arrival (DOA) estimation. We show the configuration of our developed experimental antenna and the results of performance testing of DOA estimation in an anechoic chamber and outdoor environments. In the anechoic chamber, DOA estimation error was less than a few degrees and that the minimum resolution angle between two incident waves was about 20/spl deg/ at an S/N=20 dB using an experimental 4-element array. In outdoor environments, DOA tracking performance was good in a line-of-sight (LOS) environment.
Non-stop equity: Assessing daily intersections between transit accessibility and social disparity across the Greater Toronto and Hamilton Area (GTHA)

Public transportation systems generate economic benefits that can potentially reduce social disparities between populations when such benefits are distributed evenly within a region. However, the achievement of equity in the allocation of public resources is not easy to accomplish for land use and transportation planning agencies. This research seeks to determine whether people residing in socially disadvantaged areas in the Greater Toronto and Hamilton Area (GTHA), Canada, experience the same levels of transit accessibility as those living in other areas over the course of a day. Comparisons are presented in terms of regional accessibility, trends by social decile, spatial distribution of accessibility during the day, and travel time impacts. Findings suggest that residents in socially disadvantaged areas have equitable if not better transit accessibility to jobs than socially advantaged groups, and this is reflected in shorter travel times. However, the degree and impact of this advantage varies over the course of the day. Findings from this research can be of interest to transportation planners, engineers, and policy makers as it highlights deficiencies with current equity assessment practices that do not take into account variation in transit services over a 24-h time period.
Large Grasp Force Hand with High Compliance during High Speed Phase

©2013 The Japan Society of Mechanical Engineers This paper presents a back-drivable two-fingered four-degree of freedom hand that can generate a large grasping force of 120 N and perform a high speed motion of larger than 750 ◦/s. All fingers are 98 mm in length and the weight of the hand is 1.2 kg. The hand can generate a large grasp force with a new force-magnification mechanism. The force-magnification mechanisms installed in our previous hands need a non-backdrivable element so that their high-speed drive mechanisms cannot be back-driven when the force-magnification mechanisms are activated, which results in low compliance. The new force-magnification mechanism in this paper uses a rack and pinion gear connection mechanism to establish the drive connection with the high-speed drive mechanism only when it is activated. Therefore, the high-speed drive mechanism can be back driven keeping high compliance. However, when the tooth crests of the rack hits that of the pinion gear, the connection mechanism is jammed. Therefore, a rack gear tilting mechanism is also proposed.
Performance Evaluation of CDMA Router for Network-On-Chip

This paper presents the performance evaluation of router based on code division multiple access technique (CDMA) for Network-on-Chip (NoC). The design is synthesized using Xilinx Virtex4 XC4VLX200 device. The functional behavior is verified using Modelsim XE III 6.2 C. The delay and throughput values are obtained for variable payload sizes. Throughput-Power and Delay-Power characteristics are also verified for NoC.
A low-cost 110 dB CMOS IF/limiter amplifier with offset cancellation

In this paper we present the design and implementation procedures of a CMOS integrated intermediate frequency (IF) limiting amplifier, which is characterized by its high sensitivity (10 /spl mu/V), high gain (110 dB at 10.7 MHz), low cost, and low output offset voltage (/spl sim/2 /spl mu/V). The amplifier is designed for high sensitivity hearing aids, but can be also utilized in various mobile FM/FSK transceivers. The IF/limiting amplifier consist of 8 direct-coupled differential stages and a limiter stage. A negative feedback network with smart mixing circuit is provided for gain control and automatic offset cancellation. Direct coupling of intermediate stages eliminated the need to integrate so many coupling capacitors, which consume large die area. The amplifier is integrated using 0.8 /spl mu/m standard CMOS technology and occupies a die area of 0.2 mm/sup 2/. The IF/limiter amplifier limits its output to 10 mV at 50 /spl Omega/ load, while consuming no more than 22 mW from a 3.3 V supply.