Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Finite element analysis performed on radius and tibia HR‐pQCT images and fragility fractures at all sites in men

Few studies have investigated bone microarchitecture and biomechanical properties in men. This study assessed in vivo both aspects in a population of 185 men (aged 71 ± 10 years) with prevalent fragility fractures, compared to 185 controls matched for age, height, and weight, from the Structure of the Aging Men's Bones (STRAMBO) cohort.
Study on the optimization of battery voltage in open-winding generation power system

This paper studies a novel open-winding hybrid excitation generator system for the hybrid electric vehicle (HEV). Compared with the traditional generation system, it reduces the numbers of the full controlled devices in the main circuit. In order to solve the problem that battery voltage is too high which results in the increase of the battery numbers and the high withstand voltage of switch. This paper optimizes the battery voltage in the open-winding generator system. The minimum battery voltage mathematical model was established. And it is verified to be correct by the simulation and experiment results.
Selective Breeding and Short-Term Access to a Running Wheel Alter Stride Characteristics in House Mice

Postural and kinematic aspects of running may have evolved to support high runner (HR) mice to run approximately threefold farther than control mice. Mice from four replicate HR lines selectively bred for high levels of voluntary wheel running show many differences in locomotor behavior and morphology as compared with four nonselected control (C) lines. We hypothesized that HR mice would show stride alterations that have coadapted with locomotor behavior, morphology, and physiology. More specifically, we predicted that HR mice would have stride characteristics that differed from those of C mice in ways that parallel some of the adaptations seen in highly cursorial animals. For example, we predicted that limbs of HR mice would swing closer to the parasagittal plane, resulting in a two-dimensional measurement of narrowed stance width. We also expected that some differences between HR and C mice might be amplified by 6 d of wheel access, as is used to select breeders each generation. We used the DigiGait Imaging System (Mouse Specifics) to capture high-speed videos in ventral view as mice ran on a motorized treadmill across a range of speeds and then to automatically calculate several aspects of strides. Young adults of both sexes were tested both before and after 6 d of wheel access. Stride length, stride frequency, stance width, stance time, brake time, propel time, swing time, duty factor, and paw contact area were analyzed using a nested analysis of covariance, with body mass as a covariate. As expected, body mass and treadmill speed affected nearly every analyzed metric. Six days of wheel access also affected nearly every measure, indicating pervasive training effects, in both HR and C mice. As predicted, stance width was significantly narrower in HR than C mice. Paw contact area and duty factor were significantly greater in minimuscle individuals (subset of HR mice with 50%-reduced hind limb muscle mass) than in normal-muscled HR or C mice. We conclude that stride characteristics of house mice are adaptable in response to both selective breeding and changes in daily locomotor behavior (activity levels) that occur during as few as 6 d. These results have important implications for understanding the evolution and coadaptation of locomotor behavior and performance.
Cost effectiveness of a smoking cessation program in patients admitted for coronary heart disease

Background Smoking cessation is probably the most important action to reduce mortality after a coronary event. Smoking cessation programs are not widely implemented in patients with coronary heart disease, however, possibly because they are thought not to be worth their costs. Our objectives were to estimate the cost effectiveness of a smoking cessation program, and to compare it with other treatment modalities in cardiovascular medicine. Methods A cost-effectiveness analysis was performed on the basis of a recently conducted randomized smoking cessation intervention trial in patients admitted for coronary heart disease. The cost per life year gained by the smoking cessation program was derived from the resources necessary to implement the program, the number needed to treat to get one additional quitter from the program, and the years of life gained if quitting smoking. The cost effectiveness was estimated in a low-risk group (i.e. patients with stable coronary heart disease) and a high-risk group (i.e. patients after myocardial infarction or unstable angina), using survival data from previously published investigations, and with life-time extrapolation of the survival curves by survival function modeling. Results In a lifetime perspective, the incremental cost per year of life gained by the smoking cessation program was ∊280 and ∊110 in the low and high-risk group, respectively (2000 prices). These costs compare favorably to other treatment modalities in patients with coronary heart disease, being approximately 1/25 the cost of both statins in the low-risk group and angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors in the high-risk group. In a sensitivity analysis, the costs remained low in a wide range of assumptions. Conclusions A nurse-led smoking cessation program with several months of intervention is very cost-effective compared with other treatment modalities in patients with coronary heart disease.
Indium–Tin–Oxide Thin-Film Transistors With In Situ Anodized Ta2O5 Passivation Layer

An in situ passivation process for the fabrication of high-performance indium-tin-oxide thin-film transistors (ITO TFTs) is demonstrated, in which a localized anodic oxidization (anodization) technique is used to convert the metal Ta film on a channel layer into a Ta2O5 film to form a channel passivation layer. At the same time, the high conductive ITO layer is modulated into an appropriate active layer due to filling of oxygen vacancies during the anodization. The fabricated ITO TFT shows a high mobility of 56.1 cm2/Vs, a proper threshold voltage of 1.7 V, a steep subthreshold slope of 0.14 V/decade, and a high ON/OFF current ratio exceeding 109. A good electrical stability under gate-bias stress is also observed with the ITO TFTs.
Dietary Magnesium Intake Influences Circulating Pro-Inflammatory Neuropeptide Levels and Loss of Myocardial Tolerance to Postischemic Stress

Severe dietary Mg restriction (Mg9, 9% of recommended daily allowance [RDA], plasma Mg = 0.25 mM) induces a proinflammatory neurogenic response in rats (substance P [SP]), and the associated increases in oxidative stress in vivo and cardiac susceptibility to ischemla/reperfusion (I/R) injury were previously shown to be attenuated by SP receptor blockade and antioxidant treatment. The present study assessed if less severe dietary Mg restriction modulates the extent of both the neurogenic/oxidative responses in vivo and I/R injury in vitro. Male Sprague-Dawley rats maintained on Mg40 (40% RDA, plasma Mg = 0.6 mM) or Mg100 (100% RDA, plasma Mg = 0.8 mM) diets were assessed for plasma SP levels (CHEM-ELISA) during the first 3 weeks and were compared with the Mg9 group; red blood cell (RBC) glutathione and plasma malondialdehyde levels were compared at 3 weeks in Mg9, Mg20 (plasma Mg = 0.4 mM), Mg40, and Mg100 rats; and 40-min global ischemia/30-min reperfuslon hearts from 7-week-old Mg20, Mg40, and Mg100 rats were compared with respect to functional recovery (cardiac work, and diastolic, systolic, and developed pressures), tissue LDH release, and free radical production (ESR spectroscopy and α-phenyl-N-tert butyinitrone [PBN; 3 mM] spin trapping). The Mg40 diet induced smaller elevations in plasma SP (50% lower) compared with Mg9, but with a nearly identical time course. RBC glutathione and plasma malondialdehyde levels revealed a direct relationship between the severity of oxidative stress and hypomagnesemia. The dominant lipid free radical species detected in all I/R groups was the alkoxyl radical (PBN/alkoxyl: αH = 1.93 G, αN = 13.63 G); however, Mg40 and Mg20 hearts exhibited 2.7- and 3.9-fold higher alkoxyl levels, 40% and 65% greater LDH release, and lower functional recovery (Mg20 < Mg40) compared with Mg100. Our data suggest that varying dietary Mg intake directly influences the magnitude of the neurogenic/oxidative responses in vivo and the resultant myocardial tolerance to I/R Stress.
ZA-QLMS based control approach for DSTATCOM under abnormal grid conditions

This paper presents a control of DSTATCOM (Distribution Static Compensator) using an adaptive zero attracting quaternion-valued least-mean-square algorithm (ZA-QLMS) control algorithm for a three phase three wire system with connected nonlinear loads under abnormal grid conditions. It highlights the performance of DSTATCOM used for reducing harmonics in grid currents and grid voltages, maintaining unity power factor at grid and keeping grid currents sinusoidal even under load unbalance in any phase. Moreover, the operation of the system under voltage sag and swell are also studied. The experimental validation is carried out on a developed prototype in the laboratory under various conditions and its performance is found quite satisfactorily.
A design of triangular biorthogonal wavelet filters with average interpolation scheme

We propose a method to construct a new family of triangular biorthogonal wavelet filters based on the Donoho's average interpolating wavelets fitted into the lifting scheme. Using the update-first form of two-dimensional lifting on an equilateral triangular lattice, we show that all of analysis filters have truly two-dimensional distribution. While a primal LP filter turns out to be based on the Haar filter, the construction of three primal HP filters with an arbitrary order is possible.
Performance Assessment of Simulated CYGNSS Measurements in the Tropical Cyclone Environment

The capability of the cyclone global navigation satellite system (CYGNSS) to observe winds within tropical cyclones (TCs) is assessed by using simulated CYGNSS observations over 43 cyclones from 2010 to 2011. The CYGNSS end-to-end simulator (E2ES) is utilized to generate delay-Doppler maps from which wind speeds are then retrieved. These wind speeds are first compared to the high-resolution model winds input into the E2ES. For range corrected gain (RCG) values greater than 20, the CYGNSS winds have a standard deviation of 0.57 m/s relative to these model winds. An error probability lookup table is developed to improve performance for RCG values lower than 20, as well as minimizing data loss (up to 4.4%). Since actual TCs are utilized in this study, the CYGNSS winds are also compared to winds from the advanced SCATterometer (ASCAT), the Oceansat-II scatterometer, GPS dropsondes, the stepped frequency microwave radiometer, and the H*wind model analysis. The CYGNSS winds compared best to the ASCAT winds with an overall bias around -0.4 m/s, and a standard deviation less than 1.54 m/s. GPS dropsonde winds compared less favorably with a standard deviation around 7.36 m/s, which can be partially attributed to spatial and temporal sampling differences. The CYGNSS ability to retrieve the TC maximum wind is also evaluated using the national hurricane center best track maximum winds. Although the CYGNSS overall bias varied from season to season (from -4.7 m/s in the Atlantic basin-2011 to -13.0 m/s in the Atlantic basin-2010), the standard deviation remained fairly consistent.
Serotype of Nigerian rotavirus strains

Summary Three hundred and fourteen stool samples collected from children >5 years between December 1993 and August 1995 were analysed by PAGE, ELISA, PCR and Dot‐blot hybridization technique for electropherotype and serotype distribution of rotavirus infection among Nigerian paediatric patients. 14.3% of the children were positive for rotavirus antigen. Children aged 6–9 months were most often infected, accounting for 35.6% of all positive samples. 91.1% of rotavirus‐positive samples could be serotyped. Serotypes G2, G4 and G8 were not detected. Serotype G3 predominated (62.5%) in southern Nigeria, while mixed infection specificity was more widespread (63.6%) in northern Nigeria. The presence of some untypeable samples may indicate serotypes which the serotype‐specific primers and cDNA probes used could not detect. Electropherotypes of 26 (57.7%) of the positive samples were determined. Two and 3 migration patterns were observed among the short and long‐pattern electropherotypes, respectively. Implications for vaccine development and utilization in the country are discussed.
RAPIDLY ROTATING, X-RAY BRIGHT STARS IN THE KEPLER FIELD

We present Kepler light curves and optical spectroscopy of twenty X-ray bright stars located in the Kepler field of view. The stars, spectral type F-K, show evidence for rapid rotation including chromospheric activity 100 times or more above the Sun at maximum and flaring behavior in their light curves. Eighteen of our objects appear to be (sub)giants and may belong to the class of FK Com variables, which are evolved rapidly spinning single stars with no excretion disk and high levels of chromospheric activity. Such stars are rare and are likely the result of W UMa binary mergers, a process believed to produce the FK Com class of variable and their descendants. The FK Com stage, including the presence of an excretion disk, is short lived but leads to longer-lived stages consisting of single, rapidly rotating evolved (sub)giants with high levels of stellar activity.
Mycoplasma genitalium: a brief review.

Mycoplasma genitalium belongs to the class Mollicutes and is the smallest prokaryote capable of independent replication. It was originally isolated from the urethras of two men with non-gonococcal urethritis (NGU). It has a number of characteristics which are similar to its genetically close relative, Mycoplasma pneumoniae, which is an established pathogen of the respiratory tract. M. genitalium lacks a cell wall and has a characteristic pear/fask shape with a terminal tip organelle. This organelle enables M. genitalium to glide along and adhere to moist/mucous surfaces, including host cells. M. genitalium has minimal metabolism, and when compared to the other genital mycoplasmas, has the ability to metabolise glucose. The organism is the smallest self-replicating prokaryote with a genome of only 580 kb pairs and was the second bacterium to have its genome fully sequenced. Its DNA falls under the low G+C category and thus has a lower melting temperature during denaturation in polymerase chain reaction (PC.
[DAB2IP expression in bladder transitional cell carcinoma and its correlation with clinical outcome].

OBJECTIVE To investigate the expression of DAB2IP in bladder transitional cell carcinoma (BTCC) and its correlation with clinical characteristics and prognosis of BTCC patients. METHODS Immunohistochemical staining was applied to detect DAB2IP protein level in 79 cases of TCCB tissues and 11 cases of normal bladder tissues, and the relationships of the staining results with pathological grade, stage, lymph node metastasis, gender, age and the 3-year survival rate of the patients were analyzed. RESULTS The expression of DAB2IP in BTCC tissues was significantly lower than that in normal bladder epithelium, and the expression score and rate of DAB2IP in the high-grade, invasive and metastatic BTCC were significantly lower than those in low-grade, superficial and non-metastatic BTCC (P < 0.05). The 3-year survival rate of the patients with high DAB2IP expression was significantly higher than that of the patients with low DAB2IP expression. CONCLUSION DAB2IP may be one of the important inhibitory factors during the occurrence and progression of BTCC.
Prevention of thromboembolism in the patient with acute coronary syndrome and atrial fibrillation: the clinical dilemma of triple therapy

Purpose of review Atrial fibrillation in patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS) is associated with a high thromboembolic event rate. Combined oral anticoagulant (OAC) and antiplatelet therapy (APT) are often used to reduce thromboembolic risk, recurrent coronary ischemic events, and stent thrombosis, despite the high bleeding risk. This review is timely with the recent introduction of novel OACs (NOACs), more potent antiplatelet agents, and second-generation coronary stents with a lower risk of late stent thrombosis, and considers strategies and new opportunities to reduce both thrombotic events and bleeding. Recent findings The benefits of NOACs in patients with atrial fibrillation have been shown in recent studies. New evidence indicates that single rather than dual APT may be adequate when an OAC is used in a patient with a recent coronary stent. Limited evidence suggests a NOAC is preferable to warfarin when additional APT is also required. Summary The implications of the new findings are to indicate strategies for more effective antithrombotic therapy, while minimizing the risk of major bleeding in patients with ACS and atrial fibrillation. However, additional research studies are required to further optimize treatment strategies in this high-risk population.
Conformation and ion binding properties of peptides related to calcium binding domain III of bovine brain calmodulin

The conformational and ion binding properties of the sequences 93–104, 96–104, and 93–98 of domain III of bovine brain calmodulin (CaM) have been studied by CD and Tb3+‐mediated fluorescence. In aqueous solution the interaction of all fragments with Ca2+ and Mg2+ ions is very weak and without any effect on the peptide conformation, which remains always random. In trifluoroethanol the interaction is very strong and the different fragments exhibit very distinct binding properties. In particular, the dodecapeptide fragment 93–104, and its N‐terminal hexapeptide 98–104, bind calcium and magnesium with a very high binding constant (Kb > 105M−1), undergoing a substantial conformational change. The structural rearrangement is particularly evident in the hexapeptide fragment, which tend to form a β‐bend. The C‐terminal nonapeptide fragment 96–104 interacts with calcium and magnesium more weakly, and the binding process causes a decrease of ordered structure. These results suggest that, even in the entire dodecapeptide sequence corresponding to the loop of domain III of CaM, the calcium binding site is shifted toward the N‐terminal hexapeptide segment. This interpretation is consistent with the results of crystallographic studies of CaM, which show that the calcium ions are located toward the amino terminal portion of the loop.
Extracting human gait signatures by body segment properties

We describe a new method for extracting human gait signatures by topological analysis, using properties of body segments. The gait signature is extracted in three stages: extraction of the body contour by a thresholding and morphological filter; extraction of the leg angles based on regression analysis of contour data; finding the body points guided by known anatomical knowledge. A 2D stick figure is used to represent the human body model and trajectory-based kinematic features are extracted from the image sequences for describing and analyzing the gait motion. Also, the inherent periodicity in gait motion is analyzed by delay coordinates and a phase-space portrait. The utility of the proposed method is demonstrated in experiments, with comparison to medical data.
Alcohol in Europe: the EU alcohol forum.

Drinking in Europe Analysis of Neolithic pottery has shown that alcohol has been brewed for at least 10,000 years. Binge drinking, sexual excess and vomiting feature in the Epic of Gilgamesh - among one of the earliest works of literature (around 4000 BC). In Europe, the Celtic devotion to feasting and drunkenness was noted by Caesar and was contrasted with the Roman habit of regular wine drinking by the Venerable Bede in the 8th century.
Clinical outcomes of possible versus probable Alzheimer’s disease

Objective: To determine whether Alzheimer’s disease (AD) associated with comorbidities or atypical features (possible AD) is marked by differences in clinical course and outcomes compared with uncomplicated AD (probable AD). Methods: Annual evaluations were made of patients with AD, for up to 11 years. Six hundred forty subjects with AD were clinically classified into two groups: 1) possible AD (n = 208), and 2) probable AD (n = 432). Data on demographics, Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE), Short Blessed Test (SBT), psychometric performance, and Clinical Dementia Rating (CDR) were collected at baseline. Kaplan–Meier survival curves and Cox proportional hazards models were conducted to evaluate whether possible AD would have different outcomes on dementia progression, nursing home placement, and death compared with probable AD. Results: The possible AD group was slightly younger and less well educated than the probable AD group, but there were no group differences at baseline in MMSE, SBT, and CDR scores. Controlling for age and education, the possible AD group had poorer baseline psychometric performance (p = 0.022). There were no group differences, however, for rate of dementia progression, nursing home admission, and death. Conclusions: Comorbidities and atypical features in this sample of patients with Alzheimer’s disease did not substantially affect dementia outcomes. The primary determinant of the clinical course of dementia in this sample was the presence of clinically diagnosed Alzheimer’s disease, independent of the presence or absence of comorbidities or atypical features. Therefore, patients with possible Alzheimer’s disease may be considered for inclusion in investigations of Alzheimer’s disease, including clinical trials, to improve the generalizability of the findings.
Analyzing the Cost of Graphs Relative to Tournaments

Let G be an undirected graph and let T be a tournament on the same vertex set as G. Define the cost of G relative to T to be ∑ u,v∈E(G) (T (u, v) + T (v, u)) + |E|, where T (u, v) denotes the number of two-step paths from u v, in T . In this paper, we determine for several classes of graphs which tournaments minimize the cost. Pelsmajer, et al. [5] conjecture that for each graph there is a transitive tournament that minimizes the graph’s cost. We prove that a transitive tournament minimizes the cost for complete graphs, nearly complete graphs, paths, star graphs, and cycles.
Baer's Result: The Infinite Product of the Integers Has No Basis

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