Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Synergy between estrogen receptor α activation functions AF1 and AF2 mediated by transcription intermediary factor TIF2

The activation function AF2 in the ligand‐binding domain of estrogen receptors ERα and ERβ signals through the recruitment of nuclear receptor coactivators. Recent evidence indicates that coactivators, such as the transcription intermediary factor TIF2, also bind to and transactivate the N‐terminal AF1 function of the two ERs. We have generated TIF2 mutant proteins that are deficient in either AF1 or AF2 interaction and use these mutants to investigate the relative contribution of both AFs to TIF2 recruitment and transactivation. We observe that TIF2 is capable of interacting simultaneously with both the isolated N‐ and C‐terminus of ERα in transfected mammalian cells and in vitro, indicating that TIF2 can bridge both receptor domains. The concomitant interaction of TIF2 with both AFs results in synergistic activation of transcription. Thus, synergy between ERα AF1 and AF2 is a result of the cooperative recruitment of TIF2 and/or other members of the p160 coactivator family.
A novel splicing regulator shares a nuclear import pathway with SR proteins

Alternative splicing of precursor mRNA is often regulated by serine/arginine‐rich proteins (SR proteins) and hnRNPs, and varying their concentration in the nucleus can be a mechanism for controlling splice site selection. To understand the nucleocytoplasmic transport mechanism of splicing regulators is of key importance. SR proteins are delivered to the nucleus by transportin‐SRs (TRN‐SRs), importin β‐like nuclear transporters. Here we identify and characterize a non‐SR protein, RNA‐binding motif protein 4 (RBM4), as a novel substrate of TRN‐SR2. TRN‐SR2 interacts specifically with RBM4 in a Ran‐sensitive manner. TRN‐SR2 indeed mediates the nuclear import of a recombinant protein containing the RBM4 C‐terminal domain. This domain serves as a signal for both nuclear import and export, and for nuclear speckle targeting. Finally, both in vivo and in vitro splicing analyses demonstrate that RBM4 not only modulates alternative pre‐mRNA splicing but also acts antagonistically to authentic SR proteins in splice site and exon selection. Thus, a novel splicing regulator with opposite activities to SR proteins shares an identical import pathway with SR proteins to the nucleus.
Recent advances in the psychosocial treatment of social anxiety disorder

Stefan G. Hofmann, Ph.D., is a Professor of Psychology at the Department of Psychology at Boston University where he directs the Psychotherapy and Emotion Research Laboratory. He is also the director of the social anxiety program of the Center for Anxiety and Related Disorders at Boston University. His main research focuses on the mechanism of treatment change, translating discoveries from neuroscience into clinical applications, emotion regulation strategies, and cultural expressions of psychopathology. His primary area of research is on cognitive behavioral therapy and social anxiety disorder. His research has been supported by the National Institute of Mental Health, the National Alliance for Research on Schizophrenia and Depression, pharmaceutical companies, and other private foundations. He is the recipient of a 1998 First Award and of the 1999 ADAA Young Investigator Award. He has more than 170 scientific publications and 8 books. He is currently an associate editor of the Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, the former editor of Cognitive and Behavioral Practice, a Board member of the Academy of Cognitive Therapy, a member of the Scientific Advisory Board for the Anxiety Disorders Association of America, and an advisor to the DSM-V Development Process. For more information, see www.bostonanxiety. org.
Are Learning Approaches and Thinking Styles Related? A Study in Two Chinese Populations

Abstract This article presents the results of an investigation of the construct validity of J. B. Biggs's (1987) theory of learning approaches and of R. J. Sternberg's (1988) theory of thinking styles in two Chinese populations. The study is also an examination of the nature of the relations between the two theories. University students from Hong Kong (n = 854) and from Nanjing, mainland China (n = 215), completed the Study Process Questionnaire (J. B. Biggs, 1992) and the Thinking Styles Inventory (R. J. Sternberg & R. K. Wagner, 1992). Results indicated that both inventories were reliable and valid for assessing the constructs underlying their respective theories among both Hong Kong and Nanjing university students. Results also showed that the learning approaches and thinking styles are related in the hypothesized ways: The surface approach was hypothesized to be positively and significantly correlated with styles associated with less complexity, and negatively and significantly correlated with the legislative, judicial, liberal, and hierarchical styles. The deep approach was hypothesized to be positively and significantly correlated with styles associated with more complexity, and negatively and significantly correlated with the executive, conservative, local, and monarchic styles. Implications of these relations are discussed.
Optimal Diversity‐Dependent Contributions of Genotypes to Mixtures

Summary. Deployment of genotypes to a production population decisively depends on the measure of diversity, a consideration that parallels genetic gain in the management of genotype mixtures. Optimal diversity‐dependent deployment has been developed in this study for a family of diversity indices in the genetical and ecological context. The optimal solution at given diversity was expressed as the relationship between genotype contributions and their genetic performances, which maximized genetic gain. Numerical calculations were performed by using genotypes generated from normal order statistics. An optimal deployment in one situation could be nonoptimum in another. Classical uniform deployment, where superior genotypes equally contribute to the mixtures, was the limit of optimal deployment. Comparisons were made between optimal and uniform deployment and between optimal and nonoptimal deployment where geno‐types contributed proportionally to the mixtures in accordance to their genetic superiority. The superiority in gain of optimal deployment over that of uniform deployment increased as the difference between the diversity measure under optimal deployment and the contributing number (N) of genotypes under uniform deployment became large and as the diversity measure and N under optimal deployment increased.The superiority over nonoptimal deployment increased rapidly at low diversity, reaching a maximum somewhere at diversity between 1 and N. Scale of superiority depended on the similitude between optimum and nonoptimum deployment; the larger the distinctiveness, the greater the superiority.
Open loop and closed loop solution for clock domain crossing faults

Modern digital systems become more complex with increasing multi-clocking techniques for better performance. Multiple asynchronous clock domains have been using for different I/O interface in today's modern system on chip (SoC). Each system needs to communicate with one or other system/peripherals continuously. These multiple asynchronous clock domains are facing meta-stability, data losses and other clock domain crossing (CDC) issues. CDC is an important issue in all today's SoC. To overcome the clock domain crossing(CDC) issues such as meta-stability and data losses, basic two flip-flop synchronizer has been designed whose performance is depends on pulse width of transmitting signal across the different clock domains, which has to be greater than 1.5X the receiver domain clock width. In this paper a short pulse synchronizer has been designed and demonstrated for variable pulse width, whose performance is independent on pulse width of the signal which transmits across the domains.
Electronic Horizon: Energy Management using Telematics Information

A hybrid electric vehicle requires an energy management system to supply the vehicle power demand in a fuel efficient way. This paper presents a novel approach to utilize telematics information from a navigation system in existing energy management strategies. An electronic horizon is introduced which prescribes a preferred reference trajectory for the energy in the battery. By means of a simulation environment, the benefits in fuel economy are evaluated. It turns out that, in everyday driving situations, the potential fuel savings from the electronic horizon are limited, due to the excellent performance of existing energy management strategies. Dedicated driving cycles exist which offer more fuel profits for the e-horizon. Then, the size of the energy storage buffer limits the potential benefits of the e-horizon.
Anomalous internal carotid-posterior cerebral artery circulation: one form of congenital incomplete circle of Willis.

Introduction Anomalies of the cerebral circulation have proven to be the rule rather than the exception. In a study of 994 autopsies of patients with clinical manifestations of neural dysfunction, Riggs and Rupp [1] found anomalies in 79%. Most of these variants were related to failure of one or more of the primary branching stems forming the circle of Willis to develop to adult size. A search of nadiologic and pathologic literature failed to reveal a case in which the posterior cerebral artery arose as the only branch of one of the internal carotid arteries. We report such a case.
Interleukin 3 Improves the Ex Vivo Expansion of Primitive Human Cord Blood Progenitor Cells and Maintains the Engraftment Potential of SCID Repopulating Cells

In umbilical cord blood (UCB) transplantation, the number of nucleated cells per kilogram is a major predictive and critical factor of hematopoietic recovery. Thus, ex vivo expansion of hematopoietic UCB progenitors could potentially accelerate engraftment. Whereas Flt‐3 ligand (FL), stem cell factor (SCF), and thrombopoietin (TPO) are considered indispensable, the role of interleukin 3 (IL‐3) is still controversial: it has been reported either to support or abrogate the reconstituting ability of stem cells. By adding IL‐3 we aimed to enhance the amplification of early and committed progenitor cells without impairing the long‐term engraftment of stem cells.
Development and testing of a theory-based behavioural change intervention: a pilot investigation in a nursery school in a deprived area of Scotland.

OBJECTIVE Investigate the effect of a theory-based intervention on oral-health knowledge, attitudes and behaviours of early years staff (EYS), parents and nursery children. METHODS Qualitative research with staff and parents from eight nurseries through interviews/focus groups. An intervention was developed and piloted using pre-posttest design. CLINICAL SETTING Nurseries in deprived communities in Dundee, Scotland. PARTICIPANTS 111 children aged 3-5 years attending nursery, including 79 parents and 8 nursery staff. INTERVENTIONS Staff session targeted outcome expectancies, subjective norms and self-efficacy for tooth-brushing in nursery using information provision, modelling and goal-setting, followed by a three-week intervention. Parent-child dyads received a leaflet with instructions for goal-setting, planning and monitoring home brushing. Tooth-brushing self-monitoring materials (e.g. two-minute timer, diaries) were used and certificates provided in the nursery as rewards. OUTCOME MEASURES EYS knowledge, attitudes and behaviours were assessed before and after the intervention using self-report questionnaires. Parents completed interviews assessing beliefs about tooth-brushing and their children's tooth-brushing behaviour at baseline and post-intervention follow-up. RESULTS Significant improvements in staff knowledge, but not attitudes, self-efficacy, or nursery tooth-brushing were reported. Parent-child dyads completing the intervention were not more likely to report their child carried out twice-daily tooth-brushing at home. The intervention did not improve parents' intentions to brush their child's teeth twice a day or beliefs about the ease of twice-daily tooth-brushing. CONCLUSION Only past behaviour significantly predicted posttest brushing. Parents who found brushing easier at baseline were more likely to complete the intervention. Recommendations are made regarding implementing psychological theory and methods into oral-health interventions.
Medication Management in the Elderly Population: In Search of the Right Balance

This issue of Pain Practice focuses on the treatment of pain in the elderly population in three papers. Physicians face many dilemmas when prescribing medications to this group of patients. The increasing life expectancy confronts health care providers with the challenge of preserving health and quality of life of older citizens. By 2050, the number of people in the EU aged 65 and above is expected to grow by 70% and the number of people aged over 80 by 170%. These figures indicate that besides the increase of the elderly population also the number of frail elderly with multimorbidity and polypharmacy will increase. As Pergolizzi et al. pointed out in their paper, we recognize that there is no universal accepted definition for the term ‘‘polypharmacy. ’’ It can be used to indicate a high number of medications (usually more than five), but polypharmacy can also indicate that different drugs are used inappropriately especially for different concomitant comorbidities. The latter is, in our view, more relevant in elderly patients, since symptom control, like pain, may require the use of drugs with a different mechanism of action. This makes the number of medications per se less relevant. When thinking about polypharmacy only in terms of numbers of medications, there is a risk of under prescribing medications for symptom control. Many elderly patients experience pain requiring treatment with more than one medication to improve their quality of life.
LHCb software and Conditions Database cross-compatibility tracking system: A graph-theory approach

The Conditions Database (CondDB) of the LHCb experiment provides versioned, time dependent geometry and conditions data for all LHCb data processing applications (simulation, high level trigger, reconstruction, analysis). The evolution of CondDB and of the LHCb applications is a weakly-homomorphic process. It means that compatibility between a CondDB state and LHCb application state may not be preserved across different database and application generations. More over, a CondDB state by itself belongs to a complex three-dimensional phase space which evolves according to certain CondDB self-compatibility criteria, so it is sometimes difficult even to determine a self-consistent CondDB state. These compatibility issues may lead to various kinds of problems in the LHCb production, varying from unexpected application crashes to incorrect data processing results. Thus, there is a need for defining a well-established set of compatibility criteria between mentioned above entities, together with developing a compatibility tracking system which will help to discover incompatibilities avoiding their negative consequences. This paper describes an attempt to approach this goal in the frame of the graph theory which allows to formalize elegantly the task of compatibility tracking.
Evaluation of Efficiency Techniques for Spectrum Decision Making in Cognitive Radio Wireless Networks

The level of success of spectral decision in cognitive radio networks depends on how good the prediction model of channel usage is in both licensed and unlicensed bands. In this article three different techniques are explored to predict channel state from the point of view of the use given by the primary user and optimization of the best technique is proposed to achieve a closer prediction to reality from the use of actual data of a WiFi network as validation method. The article concludes that our algorithm is optimal for short history windows.
Applying green metrics to optimise the energy consumption footprint of IT service centres

This paper presents a novel approach to characterise applications with respect to their energy consumption by using a set of energy-related metrics, called Green Metrics. These indicators are based on energy consumption measurements, such as indices of computing resource usage, of environmental impact, of development costs required to (re)design an application in order to optimise its energy consumption footprint, and of organisational factors related to application management. Our approach is framed in the Green Active Management of Energy in IT Service Centres (GAMES) EU project, with a particular focus on green IT. In this paper, we define Green Metrics enabling to characterise an application in terms of the energy it consumes at run time. Such metrics are the basis for measuring the ‘Greenness’ of an application and to detect where it consumes and wastes energy. Hints are provided to improve applications design and execution. Using two application scenarios, we show how monitoring and evaluation of Green Metrics enables to improve energy efficiency.
Proteomic analysis of right and left cardiac ventricles under aerobic conditions and after ischemia/reperfusion

Ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury is a major consequence of a cardiovascular intervention. The study of changes of the left and right ventricle proteomes from hearts subjected to I/R may be a key to revealing the pathological mechanisms underlying I/R‐induced heart contractile dysfunction. Isolated rat hearts were perfused under aerobic conditions or subjected to 25 min global ischemia and 30 min reperfusion. At the end of perfusion, right and left ventricular homogenates were analyzed by 2DE. Contractile function and coronary flow were significantly reduced by I/R. 2DE followed by mass spectrometry identified ten protein spots whose levels were significantly different between aerobic left and right ventricles, eight protein spots whose levels were different between aerobic and I/R left ventricle, ten protein spots whose levels were different between aerobic and I/R right ventricle ten protein spots whose levels were different between the I/R groups. Among these protein spots were ATP synthase beta subunit, myosin light chain 2, myosin heavy chain fragments, peroxiredoxin‐2, and heat shock proteins, previously associated with cardiovascular disease. These results reveal differences between proteomes of left and right ventricle both under aerobic conditions and in response to I/R that contribute to a better understanding of I/R injury.
Structure of the Immature Dengue Virus at Low pH Primes Proteolytic Maturation

Intracellular cleavage of immature flaviviruses is a critical step in assembly that generates the membrane fusion potential of the E glycoprotein. With cryo–electron microscopy we show that the immature dengue particles undergo a reversible conformational change at low pH that renders them accessible to furin cleavage. At a pH of 6.0, the E proteins are arranged in a herringbone pattern with the pr peptides docked onto the fusion loops, a configuration similar to that of the mature virion. After cleavage, the dissociation of pr is pH-dependent, suggesting that in the acidic environment of the trans-Golgi network pr is retained on the virion to prevent membrane fusion. These results suggest a mechanism by which flaviviruses are processed and stabilized in the host cell secretory pathway.
A maneuverability analysis of a novel hexarotor UAV concept

The sole means for conventional multirotor UAVs to achieve horizontal translation motion is by inducing changes in vehicle attitude. The lack of horizontal force control not only disallows full controllability in all 6 Degrees of Freedom (DoFs), but also limits the set of possible control solutions. One way of achieving horizontal force control is by mounting the rotors of a UAV under a fixed amount of tilt. Although this type of UAVs has been the topic of research in the past, there is still ample ground to cover in this area. Therefore, in this paper the maneuverability of a fully-actuated hexarotor is assessed. It is seen how a change in rotor tilt affects vehicle maneuverability and how propulsive efficiency is affected at the extremes. Furthermore, it is investigated what implications these results have for the high-level design process. Finally, it is seen how maneuverability is affected if one of the motors fails.
Psychometric evaluation of the eating disorder examination and eating disorder examination-questionnaire: a systematic review of the literature.

OBJECTIVE The purpose of this study was to systematically review the reliability of scores on the Eating Disorder Examination (EDE) and the Eating Disorder Examination-Questionnaire (EDE-Q) and to examine the validity of their use as measures of eating disorder symptoms. METHOD Articles describing the psychometric properties of the EDE and EDE-Q were identified in a systematic search of major computer databases and a review of reference lists. Articles were selected based on a priori inclusion and exclusion criteria. RESULTS Fifteen studies were identified that examined the psychometrics of the EDE, whereas 10 studies were found that examined the psychometrics of the EDE-Q. DISCUSSION Both instruments demonstrated reliability of scores. There is evidence that scores on the EDE and EDE-Q correlate with scores on measures of similar constructs and support for using the instruments to distinguish between cases and non-cases. Additional research is needed to broaden the generalizability of the findings.
Household Transmission of Streptococcus pneumoniae among Siblings with Acute Otitis Media

ABSTRACT Nasopharyngeal transmission of Streptococcus pneumoniae was evaluated among 23 siblings with acute otitis media (AOM). Restriction fragment length polymorphism revealed that the nasopharyngeal strains were identical between siblings in 12 of 13 clusters of AOM experienced in 11 families. This study demonstrated person-to-person transmission of S. pneumoniae, especially drug-resistant strains, among siblings with AOM.