Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
3-11 GHz Monolithic Balun in CMOS Technology for UWB Applications

In this paper, a 3-11 GHz monolithic balun for ultra- wide-band (UWB) applications is proposed. Implemented in TSMC's one-poly eight-metal (1P8M) 0.13 mum mixed-signal (MS)/RF CMOS process, it exhibits a good performance from 3 to 11 GHz. The insertion loss is <1.4 dB over the whole UWB band. The symmetry is perfect. The absolute magnitude imbalance is <0.02 dB and the absolute phase imbalance is <0.2deg. The return loss of single-ended port can be <-10 dB when a simple capacitor tuning technique is employed.
Analysis of SNP-Expression Association Matrices

High throughput expression profiling and genotyping technologies provide the means to study the genetic determinants of population variation in gene expression variation. In this paper we present a general statistical framework for the simultaneous analysis of gene expression data and SNP genotype data measured for the same cohort. The framework consists of methods to associate transcripts with SNPs affecting their expression, algorithms to detect subsets of transcripts that share significantly many associations with a subset of SNPs, and methods to visualize the identified relations. We apply our framework to SNP-expression data collected from 50 breast cancer patients. Our results demonstrate an overabundance of transcript-SNP associations in this data, and pinpoint SNPs that are potential master regulators of transcription. We also identify several statistically significant transcript-subsets with common putative regulators that fall into well-defined functional categories.
A barometer-IMU fusion method for vertical velocity and height estimation

We propose a new fusing method to estimate the vertical velocity and the height of barometer-IMU systems. The method removed initialization processes of the system by calibrating accelerometer errors on-line. An EKF tracks the bias and scale error of each accelerometer, while estimating vertical velocity and height simultaneously. The method is tested on simulation and on an actual low-cost barometer-IMU sensor platform. The errors are successfully modeled before 30 to 60 seconds of system startup. Proposed method may be extensively used for low-cost, chip-scale barometer/IMU integrated devices, since on-line calibration not only removes initialization processes but also enables tracking of time/temperature dependent varying IMU errors from which MEMS based IMUs suffer.
Understanding risks of workplace injury in labor and delivery.

OBJECTIVES To understand nurse and other staff perceptions about care activities in labor and delivery (L&D) that were performed with high frequency, required high exertion, and had the greatest potential to cause injury and to determine what personal characteristics might be related to the caregiving tasks with potential for injury. DESIGN This exploratory study employed a mixed methods design using qualitative open-ended questions and quantitative surveys administered in three different times (n = 56, 58, and 58). SETTING A 22-room L&D unit in a women's hospital with 8,500 annual deliveries. PARTICIPANTS Nurses and assistive staff. RESULTS High-risk tasks were classified in three categories. High-exertion tasks included (a) moving patients in labor, delivery, recovery (LDR) beds to other locations; (b) breaking delivery beds and applying stirrups; (c) assisting dependent patients with mobility in bed; and (d) pushing medical equipment and delivery carts. Awkward posture tasks during patient care included (a) listening for heart tones; (b) performing difficult vaginal exams; (c) keeping the fetal head off of the cord during cord prolapse; and (d) assisting with epidurals. Culture of safety tasks included (a) physician requests to conduct patient care tasks that put staff at risk for injury; (b) providers ignoring broken equipment in the environment; (c) responding to emergent/urgent situations without regard to self-posturing to prevent injury; and (d) holding patients' legs during delivery at the physician's direction. Several significant correlations were noted between demographic variables and high potential for risk items. CONCLUSIONS This study provides the first information about the caregiving tasks L&D nurses perceive to be risky for personal injury because of their high frequency and exertion or breaches in the culture of safety.
Gasless Laparoscopic Anatomy and Renal Biopsy of the Kidney in the Standing Mare Anatomía Laparoscópica sin Gas y Biopsia Renal de los Riñones de la Yegua de Pie

insufflation and to compare between the use of biopsy needle and forceps. Five clinically healthy adult nonpregnant mares weighing 250-300 Kg and aging 7-9 years were used in the current work. The gasless laparoscopic renal biopsy appeared simple, safe, reliable, minimal invasive, timesaving and economical technique. The parallel biopsy portals provided easy and accessible biops y procedure than dorsal or ventral portals. The biopsies taken from the lateral surface were less hemorrhagic than those taken from the cau dal pole. This study recommended the laparoscopic forceps because the biopsy forceps provided satisfactory and representative specimens w ith minimal hemorrhage than Tru-cut needle.
Geiger-Mode Operation of GaN Avalanche Photodiodes Grown on GaN Substrates

<para> Ultraviolet (UV) GaN p-i-n avalanche photodiodes (APDs) on low dislocation density free-standing GaN substrates were grown and fabricated. The GaN APD showed a stable avalanche multiplication gain in a linear mode, using UV illumination. In Geiger-mode operation at room temperature with gated quenching, no after-pulsing effect was observed up to 100 kHz. The single-photon detection efficiency and dark-count probability were measured to be <formula formulatype="inline"> <tex Notation="TeX">${\sim}$</tex></formula>1% and <formula formulatype="inline"> <tex Notation="TeX">${\sim} 3\times 10^{- 2}$</tex></formula> at 265 nm, respectively. </para>
FROG FAST MUSCLE. 3. TWITCHES WITH ISOMETRIC AND INERTIAL LOAD.

1. A method is described for producing a family of curves of mechanical power output against tension, with time as parameter, in an isometric twitch. It is found that these differ from corresponding curves produced from the same muscle under isotonic conditions. 2. A method is described of simulating a variable mass against which the muscle can contract. The time course during a twitch of the power expended in moving this mass, and of that expended in stretching the series compliance, is determined. 3. In the early (‘active’) part of the twitch the total power agrees well with that predicted from isotonic measurements, but in the latter part (‘tail’) the muscle9s behaviour abruptly changes: it then resembles, with some differences, a large viscous resistance, in a manner which is compatible with the form of isometric twitches, but has no parallel under isotonic conditions. 4. The power developed in certain phases of the isometric twitch falls short of that predicted from isotonic measurements. It is shown that this can be explained by postulating an upper limit to the rate at which the contractile component can develop tension, and supposing that this limit declines as the twitch proceeds.
Candida albicans Sun41p, a Putative Glycosidase, Is Involved in Morphogenesis, Cell Wall Biogenesis, and Biofilm Formation

ABSTRACT The SUN gene family has been defined in Saccharomyces cerevisiae and comprises a fungus-specific family of proteins which show high similarity in their C-terminal domains. Genes of this family are involved in different cellular processes, like DNA replication, aging, mitochondrial biogenesis, and cytokinesis. In Candida albicans the SUN family comprises two genes, SUN41 and SIM1. We demonstrate that C. albicans mutants lacking SUN41 show similar defects as found for S. cerevisiae, including defects in cytokinesis. In addition, the SUN41 mutant showed a higher sensitivity towards the cell wall-disturbing agent Congo red, whereas no difference was observed in the presence of calcofluor white. Compared to the wild type, SUN41 deletion strains exhibited a defect in biofilm formation, a reduced adherence on a Caco-2 cell monolayer, and were unable to form hyphae on solid medium under the conditions tested. Interestingly, Sun41p was found to be secreted in the medium of cells growing as blastospores as well as those forming hyphae. Our results support a function of SUN41p as a glycosidase involved in cytokinesis, cell wall biogenesis, adhesion to host tissue, and biofilm formation, indicating an important role in the host-pathogen interaction.
EFFECTS OF LACTOBACILLUS CASEI SHIROTA , BIFIDOBACTERIUM BREVE , AND OLIGOFRUCTOSE-ENRICHED INULIN ON THE COLONIC NITROGEN-PROTEIN METABOLISM IN HEALTHY HUMANS Pre-and probiotics on colonic metabolism 5

Background: Preand/or probiotics can cause changes in the ecological balance of intestinal microbiota and hence influence the microbial metabolic activities. In the present study, the 30 influence of oligofructose-enriched inulin (OF-IN), Lactobacillus casei Shirota (LacS) and Bifidobacterium breve Yakult on the colonic fate of NH3 and p-cresol was investigated. Methods: A randomized, placebo-controlled, cross-over study was performed in 20 healthy volunteers to evaluate the influence of shortand long-term administration of OF-IN, LacS, B. breve Yakult and the synbiotic LacS + OF-IN. The lactose-[N, N]-ureide biomarker was 35 used to study the colonic fate of NH3. Urine and faeces samples were analysed for N-content by combustion-IRMS and for p-cresol content by GC-MS. RT-PCR was applied to determine the levels of total bifidobacteria. Results: Both shortand long-term administration of OF-IN resulted in a significantly decreased urinary p-cresol and N-content. The reduction of the urinary N-excretion after 40 short-term OF-IN intake was accompanied by a significant increase in the N-content of the faecal bacterial fraction. However, this effect was not observed after long-term OF-IN intake. In addition, RT-PCR results indicated a significant increase in total faecal bifidobacteria after long-term OF-IN intake. Long-term LacS and B. breve Yakult intake showed a tendency to decrease the urinary N-excretion, whereas a significant decrease was noted on p-cresol 45 excretion. Conclusion: Dietary addition of OF-IN, L. casei Shirota and B. breve Yakult results in a favourable effect on the colonic NH3 and p-cresol metabolism, which in the case of OF-IN, was accompanied by an increase in total faecal bifidobacteria. 50
Optimization of Permanent Magnet Surface Shapes of Electric Motors for Minimization of Cogging Torque Using FEM

A novel algorithm which minimizes the cogging torque of surface-mounted permanent magnet (SPM) brushless motors by optimizing the surface profile of PM is presented. An efficient strategy for using finite element method (FEM) is proposed to calculate the cogging torque of PM motors with different PM shape designs. Compared with the use of general FEM, the computing time with this proposed method is significantly reduced, which is only 0.017% of that required by the former. Because of the considerable reduction of computing time in the magnetic field analysis of PM motors, it becomes feasible to use genetic algorithm (GA) to optimize the PM shape in order to realize cogging torque minimization. A numerical experiment is used to validate the proposed method.
Effect of Intermittent Lighting on Production Performance of Laying-Hen Parent Stocks

Abstract. The objective of this observational field study was to investigate the effect of an alternative intermittent lighting program (13L: 5D: 1L: 5D â€“ Trt) vs. standard lighting program (16L: 8D â€“ Ctrl) on production performance of laying-hen parent flocks. Two houses of 15,000 Hy-Line brown parent-stock hens each were used for the comparative study. Hen-day egg production (HDEP), eggs per hen housed (EHH), hen-day hatchable egg production (HDHEP), hatchable eggs per hen housed (HEHH), percentage of crack eggs, feed use, and hen mortality were recorded from 18 to 58 weeks of age. At 35 weeks of age, distributions of egg-laying time within the day and egg weight were monitored for three consecutive days. Light intensities at three (top, middle, and bottom) tier levels were measured at 36 weeks of age. HDEP of Ctrl and Trt regimens (mean ±SD) was 65.4±4.5% and 67.5±5.6%, respectively; and EHH was 146 and 153, respectively. HDHEP of Ctrl and Trt was 43.8±4.8% and 44.4±7.19%, respectively; and HEHH was 70 and 74, respectively. Crack eggs were 0.97±0.38% under Ctrl and 0.87±0.38% under Trt. Feed intake was similar for Ctrl (109±8 g hen -1 d -1 ) and Trt (105±9 g hen -1 d -1 ). Weekly mean mortality was 0.282±0.185% for Ctrl and 0.119±0.053% for Trt. Light intensities were significantly different among the top (18.7 ± 5.8 lux), middle (13.7 ± 5.0 lux) and bottom (11.3 ± 6.4 lux) tiers (P
Enriched acoustic environment after noise trauma abolishes neural signs of tinnitus

Noise-induced hearing loss induces reorganization of the tonotopic map in cat auditory cortex and increases spontaneous firing rate and neural synchrony. We showed previously that keeping cats after noise trauma in an acoustic environment enriched in high frequencies prevents tonotopic map reorganization. Here, we show the effects of low-frequency and high-frequency enriched acoustic environments on spontaneous firing rate and neural synchrony. Exposed cats placed in the quiet environment and in the low-frequency enriched acoustic environment showed increased spontaneous firing rate and synchrony of firing. In contrast, exposed cats placed in the high-frequency enriched acoustic environment did not show significant differences in spontaneous firing rate or synchrony compared with normal hearing controls. This is interpreted as an absence of putative neural signs of tinnitus.
Performance measurement and analysis for an RFID technology application to commercial products

In this paper, the performances of radio frequency identification (RFID) and electronic product code™ (EPC) Class1 Gen2 devices applied to commercial products are measured and analysed. In particular, a methodological approach is developed in order to measure the performance of the RFID system under item-level tagging in three different scenarios: (i) static case test, (ii) conveyor case test and (iii) pallet test. The tests assess the performance of RFID systems by means of commercial products, in a real production environment under typical working conditions. The combined influence of different parameters has been investigated. Results show that the RFID technology has reached a satisfactory level of reliability, which allows its infield application.
A long‐term perspective of wind power output variability

The study of the wind power output variability comprises different time scales. Among these, low‐frequency variations can substantially modify the performance of a wind power plant during its lifetime. In recent years, other temporal scales such as the short‐term variability or the climatological conditions of wind and the corresponding generated power have been investigated in depth. However, the study of longer decadal and multidecadal variations is still in its early stages.
Enhancement in the performance of quality of service parameters in routing protocols for wireless communication

The field of wireless communication networks has thus been a keen area of research in the last decade. One of the crucial parameter for efficient operation of any wireless network is the routing algorithm. Advances in electronics and telecommunication industry in the last few decades have tremendously increased the use of wireless communication systems. However the choice of the routing algorithm depends not only on the physical topology and geography of the network but also on the application. This paper presents performance analysis of various routing protocols namely AODV, AOMDV, DSDV & DSR.These protocols are analyzed on four network parameters: Throughput, Jitter, Delay and Energy consumption.The results are shown in this paper after the analysis for four parameters.Further cluster head selection,Encryption,Compression is applied to improve the performance of protocols and the results are shown with the help of graphs. KeywordsRouting;Protocols;AODV;AOMDV;DSDV;DSR. __________________________________________________*****_________________________________________________
Using metal-insulator-semiconductor capacitor to investigate the charge accumulation in capacitive RF MEMS switches

A metal-insulator-semiconductor (MIS) capacitor is used to simulate the metal-insulator-metal (MIM) structure of capacitive RF MEMS switches. By measuring the C-V characteristics for the MIS structure, the dielectric charging in capacitive RF MEMS switches can be analyzed. An analytical model has been established to describe the feasibility of this method. In the experiment, the effect of the constant voltage stress on the charge accumulation in the dielectric layer of MIS capacitor was investigated. The experimental results show that three main physical processes dominate the dielectric charging behavior. The advantages of using this method are that the reliability test of the switches and the evaluation of the candidate dielectric materials can be carried out by using MIS capacitor, the experimental cost, therefore, can be sharply reduced.
Administrative Hospitalization Database Validation of Cardiac Procedure Codes

Background:Although cardiac procedures are commonly used to treat cardiovascular disease, they are costly. Administrative data sources could be used to track cardiac procedures, but sources of such data have not been validated against clinical registries. Objectives:To examine accuracy of cardiac procedure coding in administrative databases versus a prospective clinical registry. Sample:We examined a total of 182,018 common cardiac procedures including percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI), coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) surgery, valve surgery, and cardiac catheterization procedures during fiscal years 2005 and 2006 across 18 cardiac centers in Ontario, Canada. Research Design:Accuracy of codes in the Canadian Institute for Health Information (CIHI) administrative databases were compared with the clinical registry of the Cardiac Care Network. Results:Comparing 17,511 CIHI and 17,404 registry procedures for CABG surgery, the positive predictive value (PPV) of CIHI-coded CABG surgery was 97%. In 6229 CIHI-coded and 5885 registry-coded valve surgery procedures, the PPV of the administrative data source was 96%. Comparing 38,527 PCI procedures in CIHI to 38,601 in the registry, the PPV of CIHI was 94%. Among 119,751 CIHI-coded and 111,725 registry-coded cardiac catheterization procedures, the PPV of administrative data was 94%. When the procedure date window was expanded from the same day to ±1 days, the PPV was 96% (PCI) and exceeded 98% (CABG surgery), 97% (valve surgery), and 95% (cardiac catheterization). Conclusions:Using a clinical registry as the gold standard, the coding accuracy of common cardiac procedures in the CIHI administrative database was high.
Efiect of dual plane PIV resolution on determination of scale energy budgets in wall turbulence

The dynamics of the near wall region at difierent scales have been analyzed recently for a Direct Numerical Simulation (DNS) of a channel ∞ow at friction Reynolds number Re? = 180 using a generalized form of the Karman-Howarth equation. The present work analyzes the scale-by- scale dynamics of wall-bounded ∞ows at higher Re? using data obtained from dual plane Particle Image Velocimetry experiments. Previous experiments were conducted in a zero-pressure-gradient turbulent boundary layer at Re? = 1160, resolving scales down to 25 wall units. The results of the scale analysis were compared to DNS data of a channel ∞ow at Re? = 934. It was observed that the resolution of these experiments was not su-cient to capture the velocity gradients accurately enough to su-ciently determine the scale dynamics. Therefore, higher resolution dual plane PIV experiments were conducted in similar experimental conditions with a resolution of 10 wall units. The scale-by-scale energy budget obtained from this high resolution data showed a much better balance between the various terms and justifled the use of higher resolution to accurately determine the velocity gradients. A simple error propagation analysis was performed to enable the choice of laser sheet separation for dual plane PIV experiments and it revealed that this parameter is a tradeofi between the truncation error of the flrst order approximation and the random error of the quantities measured.
Using Diffusive Protocols for Distributed MAP Decision-Making and HMM Estimation

We explore the use of diffusive agreement protocols in addressing the problem of global sensor fusion. In particular, we show that diffusive (averaging-based) protocols can be applied to achieve distributed maximum a posteriori (MAP) detection or decision-making in a network of sensors. That is, we consider a network of sensors that make noisy measurements of an underlying discretevalued scene, and pursue distributed computation of the MAP estimate for this underlying scene given the observations throughout the network. We show that use of a diffusive (averaging-based) agreement protocol permits computation of this MAP estimate by all the sensors, under broad conditions on the communication topology of the network. Finally, we enhance our algorithm for MAP detection to achieve distributed estimation for a Hidden Markov Model (HMM). Both authors are with the School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Washington State University, Pullman, WA 99164-2752, U.S.A. , {sroy,saberi}@eecs.wsu. edu. The second author was supported by by the Office of Naval Research under grant number N000140310848.
Development of CD4+ Macrophages from Intrathymic T Cell Progenitors Is Induced by Thymic Epithelial Cells1

It was recently demonstrated that there are CD4+ macrophages, which exhibit strong phagocytic activity, in the thymus. They are suggested to play an important role for the elimination of apoptotic thymocytes. However, the origin and nature of CD4+ macrophages in the thymus remain unexplored. In this study, we describe that the most immature intrathymic progenitors (CD25−/CD44+/FcR+) give rise to CD4+ macrophages by oncostatin M-responsive thymic epithelial cells (ORTEC) in an IL-7-dependent manner. Neither conditioned medium of ORTEC nor a mixture of cytokines induced CD4+ macrophages, and oncostatin M receptor was not expressed in thymocytes, suggesting that the development of CD4+ macrophages from the immature thymocytes requires a direct interaction with ORTEC. These results collectively suggest that the development of CD4+ macrophages from the intrathymic T cell progenitors is induced by thymic epithelial cells.
Effect of Finite Gain and Bandwidth of Feed-Forward Compensated OTA on Active-RC Integrators: A Case Study

This paper analyses the effect of finite gain-bandwidth of the operational transconductance amplifiers (OTAs) on active-RC integrators. A feed-forward compensated OTA is taken as the building block of active-RC integrator. A mathematical analysis is carried out on a first order low-pass active-RC filter designed in 180 nm CMOS technology to operate at a supply voltage of 0.5 V. A non-ideality factor (NIF) has been defined that accounts for the deviation of the response from the ideal. Simulations performed on the transistor level filter justifies the mathematical analysis presented.
Generalized Hamming weights for linear codes

Motivated by cryptographical applications, the algebraic structure, of linear codes from a new perspective is studied. By viewing the minimum Hamming weight as a certain minimum property of one-dimensional subcodes, a generalized notion of higher-dimensional Hamming weights is obtained. These weights characterize the code performance on the wire-tap channel of type II. Basic properties of generalized weights are derived, the values of these weights for well-known classes of codes are determined, and lower bounds on code parameters are obtained. Several open problems are also listed. >