Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Regression of Abdominal Fat in Broilers on Abdominal Fat in Spent Parents

Abstract A total of 261 pedigreed broilers out of 10 sires and 27 dams from a high fat line and 378 pedigreed broilers out of 11 sires and 34 dams from a low fat line were probed in the vent at 8 weeks of age as an indirect measure of abdominal fat. The broilers were weighed alive, slaughtered, and eviscerated. Abdominal fat, eviscerated carcass without giblets, and carcass shell weights were taken for each chicken. The correlations between caliper measurements and abdominal fat were below +. 2. The sires and dams of the two lines were weighed alive at 14 months of age, slaughtered, eviscerated, and the same carcass measurements taken as for their broiler progeny. Sixteen of 21 sires had no measurable abdominal fat. The dams averaged 3.44% abdominal fat of live body weight compared with 1.55% for their female broiler progeny. The coefficient of variation for abdominal fat as a percentage of live weight of dams was 28%. Regressions of daughters and sons on midpoint of parents for abdominal fat as a percentage of live weight was +. 305 and +. 204, respectively, and were significant (P≤.05). The regression of daughters on dams and of sons on dams for abdominal fat as a percentage of live weight was +. 186 and +. 154, respectively, and both were significant (P≤.01).
DIFFERENCES IN RATES OF LEAF APPEARANCE AMONG MAIZE HYBRIDS AND PHASES OF DEVELOPMENT

Rates of leaf appearance were evaluated for three maize (Zea mays L.) hybrids grown at two day/night temperatures (20/17 °C and 30/27 °C) in environmentally controlled growth facilities, and for 10 maize hybrids grown in the field. Differences in rate of leaf appearance occurred among genotypes and among phases of development for maize hybrids grown both under controlled-environment and field conditions. Differences in mean rate of leaf appearance between two hybrids common to both experiments were approximately 15% in both the field and the controlled-environment experiments. In addition, hybrid × phase-of-development interactions were highly significant.Key words: Zea mays L. , rate of development, temperature, genotype × phase-of-development interaction
Heritabilities of Relative Percentages of Major Bovine Casein and Serum Proteins in Test-Day Milk Samples

Abstract Individual milk samples were obtained from Holstein cows in 62 herds in Quebec from November 1979 to November 1981. Milk samples were analyzed for somatic cell count and relative percentages of α s -, β -, and κ -caseins, β -lactoglobulin, α -lactalbumin bovine serum albumin, and immunoglobulins. The model used to analyze the data included herd, month of test, age of cow, and somatic cell count as fixed effects and sire, cow within sire, and error as random effects. Restricted maximum likelihood procedures were used to fit the model to the data. Heritabilities obtained for relative percentages of α s -, β -, and κ -caseins were . 02, . 03, and . 005. Heritabilities obtained for relative percentages of β -lactoglobulin, α -lactalbumin, bovine serum albumin, and immunoglobulins were . 24, . 14, . 15, and . 02.
Ultrasonography: a Non-Invasive Tool for the Study of Structure and Mechanical Events in Marine Animals

Underwater ultrasonography is a useful tool for studying structure and mechanical events in live, fairly large marine animals that do not possess an unduly thick, calcified integument. The limit of discrimination with present technology is about 2 mm, so fine detail is absent; the transducer has to be within 1–2 cm of the animal being studied or attenuation of the ultrasound by sea-water will restrict penetration of tissues. The non-invasive nature of the technique makes it ideal for the study of valuable or particularly delicate animals (e.g. Eledone); there would also appear to be considerable potential for use of ultrasonography as a teaching/demonstration aid in marine biology.
INFLUENCE OF INFORMATION SYSTEM QUALITY TO USER SATISFACTION OF HUMAN RESOURCE INFORMATION SYSTEM (STUDY AT PT PLN (PERSERO) NTB REGION)

: This study aims to analyze and determine the level of significance of the influence of system quality on user satisfaction SISDM, the significance of the influence of information quality on user satisfaction SISDM, the significance of service quality to user satisfaction SISDM, perceived usefulness significance of SISDM user satisfaction and significance perceived ease of use to satisfaction SISDM user on PT. PLN (Persero) Region NTB human resources (HRD). The data
Significance of Nutrient Digestibility in Horse Nutrition – A Review

Abstract The aim of the review is to present mechanisms of digestion in horses through a functional description of the digestive system’s structure with emphasis on nutrient digestibility. In the era of an increasingly intensive and specialised sport usage of horses, also the significance of balancing their dietary nutrient value in accordance with individual requirements of these animals is gaining in importance. At the same time, it is not possible to meet nutritional requirements of a sport horse without knowledge about feed utilisation. In many farm animal species, digestibility is measured postmortem or via complicated and expensive cannulation of the digestive system. In horses, these methods are not applied due to ethical approaches or other limitations (e.g. sport horses); therefore, the importance of marker-based techniques is growing, although not much data is published in the available literature (Sales, 2012). Moreover, in contrast to other non-ruminants, horses are naturally adapted to a constant intake of large quantities of roughages. However, during intensive sport training, they are primarily fed concentrated diets with high amounts of easily digestible, non-structural carbohydrates and reduced amounts of dietary fibre fractions. Therefore, the risk of metabolic diseases and behavioural disorders in the horse increases.
Functional Male Sterility in Eggplant: Inheritance and Linkage to the Purple Fruit Color Gene

The functional male sterile (fms) eggplant (Solanum melongena L.) germplasm UGA 1-MS was crossed with two cultivars with normal anthers to derive F1, F2, and BC populations. Functional male sterility was governed by a single recessive allele. The gene symbol fms is proposed for this male sterile characteristic. The functional male sterility (fms) gene was linked to purple fruit color at the X/x locus. There was no linkage between functional male sterility and fruit shape.
Offspring Size and Number: A Life History Model Linking Effort Per Offspring and Total Effort

We develop an extension of Schaffer's (1972) model for a simple life history with constant annual adult and juvenile survival rates. In contrast with previous models, we distinguish between total effort and effort per offspring. We assume that offspring production is the product of the juvenile survival rate and brood size, that the juvenile survival rate is a function of effort per offspring, and that brood size is a function of effort per offspring and total effort. We further assume that the adult survival rate is a function of total effort and that optimal combinations of effort per offspring and total effort are those resulting in the highest population growth rate. Optimal effort per offspring depends only on the minimal effort per offspring and the rate at which the juvenile survival rate increases with increasing effort per offspring. Optimal total effort depends on effort per offspring, the ratio between the realized juvenile survival rate and the maximal adult survival rate, and the threshold at which increasing total effort leads to sharp declines in the adult survival rate. The model and its predictions justify the inclusion of effort per offspring and total effort in descriptions of life history tactics and facilitate the formulation and testing of more-precise life history hypotheses. We suggest several experiments. The model predicts that the rate of increase in optimal total effort with increasing brood size decreases as brood size increases. The relative numbers of variables on which optimal total effort and effort per offspring depend suggest that current variability in effort per offspring should be less than variability in total effort.
Evaluation of Metarhizium anisopliae var. anisopliae (Deuteromycotina: Hyphomycete) Isolates and their Effects on Subterranean Termite Coptotermes curvignathus (Isoptera: Rhinotermitidae)

Problem statement: Coptotermes curvignathus (Isoptera: Rhinotermitidae) is a common termite pest found in oil palm plantation planted on peat. Currently, the control methods focus on using insecticides that lead to high cost and adverse effect to the environment. Approach: Biological control like the use of entomopathogens provides an alternative control method for termite infestation problem. However, several factors need to be investigated in order to obtain a virulent strain with potential to be developed into a biopesticide. Results: Three local isolates (MG, LR2 and TA) of Metarhizium anisopliae were obtained and identified as M. anisopliae var. anisopliae using molecular techniques. Growth performance of isolates on four basal media namely, Potato Dextrose Agar (PDA), Potato Dextrose Agar with 1% yeast extract (PDAY), Sabaroud Dextrose Agar (SDA) and Sabaroud Dextrose Agar with 1% yeast extract (SDAY) was assessed. The pathogenicity of each isolate was tested against subterranean termite Coptotermes curvignathus at three concentrations of 1×106, 1×107 and 1×108 conidia mL-1. Infections of the isolates were examined using electron microscopy technique. The growth performance of each isolate differed significantly. Among all basal media, only SDAY was able to produce high growth performance and thick conidia mats with all isolates. The most pathogenic isolate was LR2, which caused 100% mortality at 1×107 conidia mL-1 within 3 days post-inoculation. Conclusion/Recommendations: All three isolates were pathogenic against C. curvignathus as they were able to germinate and penetrate into the termite cuticle within 15 hours post-inoculation. The three local isolates of M. anisopliae var. anisopliae have potential to be developed as biopesticides to control termites, C. curvignathus in oil palm plantations.
The Effects of the Intensity of Firm’s Intangible Assets on the Volatility of Their Stock Prices

The volatility of share prices is an important variable in most asset pricing models and option pricing formulas. Valuations of volatility of share prices have become a major challenge with the development of the knowledge-driven economy as evidence suggest that not all elements of company wealth are physical in nature. The purpose of this paper is to check if the intensity of intangible assets in a firm’s balance sheet affects the volatility of their stock price. A brief overview of intangible assets is also included in this study. An OLS regression was run and the results of the entire data set gives a negative correlation between intensity of intangible assets and volatility of stock prices probably due to the fact that the volatility of the firm share prices are driven by uncertainty and expectation of future growth. An industry-grouping regression was carried out, the results shows that for basic pharmaceuticals there is a positive correlation between the intensity of intangible assets and their price volatility while the other three industry groups produce a negative correlation. The study relies on secondary data of randomly selected forty (40) publicly traded companies in Ghana from four different industry groupings namely: manufacture of basic pharmaceuticals, manufacture of food products and beverages, information technology and manufacture of basic metals. Keywords : Ghana, intangible assets, volatility, stock prices
Efeito da densidade na gaiola sobre o desempenho de poedeiras comerciais nas fases de cria, recria e produção

This trial was conducted to evaluate the effect of different stocking densities on performance of caged layers during the growing and laying periods and to verify the effects in the next phase. In the growing period (0-6 weeks), eight hundred and four chicks (Isa Brown ) were assigned to 100 x 80 x 35 cm cages, according to a completely randomized design, with four treatments (275.86, 250.00, 228.57, and 210.52 cm2 per bird) and four replicates. No significant effects of treatments on weight gain, feed intake, feed conversion and uniformity were observed during the growing period. In the 6-16 w period, 720 pullets were randomly assigned to 100 x 50 x 50 cm cages, according to a completely randomized design of 4 x 3 factorial arrangement (four densities from 0-6 weeks and three densities from 6-16 weeks), with different treatments (500.00, 416.67, and 357.14 cm2 per bird) and four replicates. No significant differences among treatments in the 6-16 w period on weight gain, feed intake, feed conversion and uniformity were observed. In the laying phase, 540 laying hens were randomly assigned to 100 x 45 x 45 cm cages, according to a completely randomized design of 3 x 3 factorial arrangement (three stocking densities in the 6-16 w periodand three caging densities in the laying phase), with different treatments (562.15, 450.00, and 375.00 cm2 per hen) and five replicates. Significant effects of cage density on egg weight and feed intake were detected. No significant effects of cage density on bird performance in the growing and laying periods were observed.
The effect of adding exogenous phytase to nutrient-reduced corn- and wheat-based diets on performance and egg quality of two strains of laying hens

A laying trial was conducted in which ISA-Brown and ISA-White hens were fed diets based on corn or wheat that had been pelleted to eliminate endogenous phytase. Control diets were formulated to contain adequate levels of all nutrients. Nutrient-reduced diets were formulated to account for nutrients released by the phytase. To formulate these diets, phytase was entered into the matrix with a value, on a weight basis, of 1,173% for CP (60.5% for lys, 29.4% for met plus cys, 40.0% for thr), 39 900 kcal kg–1 for AME, 666% for Ca, and 333% for available P. A negative control diet was based on the modified formulation but did not include phytase. Differences between diets were observed for tibia ash, and Ca and P in the ash, as well as for BW and measures of egg quality. Egg production likely provided the best measure of the adequacy of P nutrition. In the final period of production, feed intake and egg production of hens fed the nutrient-reduced corn-based diet without enzyme was lower (P < 0.05) than that of .
SignalGuru: leveraging mobile phones for collaborative traffic signal schedule advisory

While traffic signals are necessary to safely control competing flows of traffic, they inevitably enforce a stop-and-go movement pattern that increases fuel consumption, reduces traffic flow and causes traffic jams. These side effects can be alleviated by providing drivers and their onboard computational devices (e.g., vehicle computer, smartphone) with information about the schedule of the traffic signals ahead. Based on when the signal ahead will turn green, drivers can then adjust speed so as to avoid coming to a complete halt. Such information is called Green Light Optimal Speed Advisory (GLOSA). Alternatively, the onboard computational device may suggest an efficient detour that will save the driver from stops and long waits at red lights ahead. This paper introduces and evaluates SignalGuru, a novel software service that relies solely on a collection of mobile phones to detect and predict the traffic signal schedule, enabling GLOSA and other novel applications. Our SignalGuru leverages windshield-mounted phones to opportunistically detect current traffic signals with their cameras, collaboratively communicate and learn traffic signal schedule patterns, and predict their future schedule. Results from two deployments of SignalGuru, using iPhones in cars in Cambridge (MA, USA) and Singapore, show that traffic signal schedules can be predicted accurately. On average, SignalGuru comes within 0.66s, for pre-timed traffic signals and within 2.45s, for traffic-adaptive traffic signals. Feeding SignalGuru's predicted traffic schedule to our GLOSA application, our vehicle fuel consumption measurements show savings of 20.3%, on average.
Ultraviolet radiation‐induced apoptosis is inversely correlated with the expression level of poly(ADP‐ribose) polymerase

The present study was conducted to elucidate whether the expression level of poly(ADP‐ribose) polymerase (PARP) is related to the ultraviolet radiation (UV)‐induced apoptosis. After treatment of the mammalian cell lines HeLa S3 and Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) with 50 J/m2 UV, induction of apoptosis was determined by several means during 24 h post‐incubation. Incidence of apoptosis was much lower in CHO than HeLa S3 cells based on the percentage of apoptotic cells in terms of morphological changes in nucleus or direct counting of viable cells and qualitative or quantitative DNA fragmentation. Interestingly, when the expression level of PARP was measured by western blotting, the amounts of PARP that was retained at each time point inversely correlated with the incidences of apoptosis in these cells. Concomitant with generation of the 85 kDa fragment, 116 kDa PARP disappeared in HeLa S3 within 6 h after UV treatment, whereas a fair amounts of 116 kDa band was still retained in CHO cells at 36 h post‐incubation. This inverse relationship was also observed in the adaptive response system, in which cells were treated with a high dose of UV after pretreatment with a low dose. As expected, typical adaptive responses appeared in CHO cells but not in HeLa cells, showing greater cell viability and lesser DNA fragmentation. During the adaptive response in CHO cells, PARP was expressed at much higher level compared to the single, high dose‐treated cells. Interestingly, even though PARP was induced at 6 h post‐incubation in both cell types, its expression was more prominent in CHO cells. Thus, our data indicate that the retained level of intact PARP against UV damage inversely correlates with incidence of apoptosis in mammalian cells, and also suggest that a machinery to protect the PARP degradation against UV damage exists in CHO but not in HeLa S3 cells.
Carbon flow into soil and external hyphae from roots of mycorrhizal cucumber plants

summary Cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) plants grown in PVC tubes with a partially sterilized soil-sand mixture were inoculated with the vesicular-arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus Glomus fasciculatum (Thaxter) Gerdemann & Trappe emend. Walker & Koske or left uninoculated. The soil column of each PVC tube was divided into a root and a hyphal compartment by a mesh bag (60 μm), which retained the roots but allowed external hyphae to pass. Inoculated plants rapidly became infected and an extensive mycelium developed. Three weeks after seedling emergence plants were labelled with 14CO2 for 16 h. The distribution of 14C within the plants and the 14C flow into external hyphae and soil were measured during an 80 h chase period. Below-ground respiration in mycorrhizal plants accounted for 27% of the photo assimilated 14C. Organic 14C in the soil represented 3˙1 % of the fixed 14C, and 26 % of this was located in external hyphae. Based on conservative assumptions concerning dry weight of internal mycorrhizal infection and growth yield of the fungus, it was estimated that mycorrhizal events consumed 20 % of photoassimilated 14C. The specific incorporation of C by the external mycelium in the hyphal compartment was 41 μg C mg−1 dry wt. d−1. The importance of external VA mycorrhizal hyphae for the distribution of plant-derived C in the soil volume and as a substrate source for the soil biota is discussed.
Growth and decline of a diatom spring bloom: phytoplankton species composition, formation of marine snow and the role of heterotrophic dinoflagellates

During the spring of 1994, we determined the factors responsible for the decline of the sea- sonal diatom bloom in the Gullmar fjord, on the west coast of Sweden. Four species constituted >75% of the biomass—Detonula confervacca, Chaetoceros diadema, Skeletonema costatum and Thalassiosira nordenskioeldii—reaching concentrations of 4900,350,8200 and 270 cells ml"1, respectively. Growth of phytoplankton was exponential (growth rate = 0.12 day1) from 3 to 21 March, after which a gale with winds >15 m s1 caused massive aggregation. A maximum of 130 p.p.m. (v/v) of marine snow aggregates was observed by in situ video at the peak of the bloom. Critical concentrations (Jackson, Deep-Sea Res., 37,1197-1211,1990) were similar to observed showing that coagulation theory could explain the sud- den decline of the bloom. The heterotrophic dinoflagellate Gyrodinium cf. spirale increased exponen- tially after the peak of the bloom with maximum (temperature-adjusted) growth rates. After the rapid aggregation and sedimentation of the bloom, they were able to control any further growth of diatoms. Nitrate and silicate were never depleted, but phosphate may have been limiting by the end of the study period. We conclude that mass aggregation during a gale marked the end of the bloom, and that intense grazing by heterotrophic dinoflagellates prevented any subsequent increase of diatoms.
Stand dynamics of Pinus flexilis-dominated subalpine forests in the Colorado Front Range

Population age structure and succession were investigated in subalpine forests in the Colorado Front Range dominated by Pinus flexilis (limber pine). Age, size, and spatial data were collected from three recent burns ( 400 yr old). The sequence of colonization of now extant trees on these post-fire sites appeared to be consistent: first Pinus flexilis, then Picea engelmannii (Engelmann spruce), and later Abies lasiocarpa (subalpine fir) with a delay between the first Pinus flexilis and Abies of as long as 140 yr. The advantage of Pinus flexilis on post-burn sites can be attributed to avian seed dispersal and the exceptional drought tolerance of its seedlings. The three recent burns were not extensive, and the delay in establishment of Picea and Abies appeared to be limited by harsh site conditions rather than lack of seed dispersal. Spatial analysis indicated a consistent, although sometimes weak, attraction between Pinus flexilis and Picea and Pinus flexilis and Abies at a scale of 1–4 m, suggesting that Pinus flexilis may facilitate establishment of Picea and Abies seedlings by providing shade or protection from wind. On xeric to slightly xeric sites, Pinus flexilis appeared to form broadly even-aged, non-regenerating populations that were gradually being replaced by Picea and Abies. Replacement is proceeding at a faster rate on the least xeric sites (north aspects, valley bottoms) compared to the most xeric sites (south aspects). On the most extreme sites, Pinus flexilis formed all-aged, self-maintaining populations with no evidence of replacement by Picea and Abies. In these old-growth forests with occasional trees aged at > 1300 yr, recruitment is continuous or episodic.