Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Resistance of Mycobacterium Tuberculosis to First and Second Line AntiTuberculosis Drugs in South West, Nigeria

Setting: Tuberculosis treatment centers in Oyo and Osun States, Nigeria Objective: This study was aimed to determine the proportion and resistance pattern of Mycobacterium tuberculosis isolates among category 2 failures in Nigeria. Design: This is a retrospective study of TB Category 2 failures from Oyo and Osun states (Nigeria), from July 2007 to December 2010. Sputum and culture growth of Pulmonary Tuberculosis (PTB) patients were tested for Drug Susceptibility Testing (DST) to first and second line anti-TB drugs in the supra national laboratory at Antwerp, Belgium. Results: Of the 82 patients, acquired resistance to all first line drugs (RHE and S), were 31(37.8%), while MDR was observed in 46 (56.1%) of the patients under the study. Conclusion: MDR TB was high (56.1%) among patients previously treated with anti-TB drugs, however XDR TB was not observed in the study population. DST services should be made available and accessible to all MDR-TB suspects in the country.
Evaluation of the relation between sociodemographic characteristics and depression and burnout levels of health workers in the radiation oncology clinic/Radyasyon onkolojisi klinigi calisanlarinda depresyon ve tukenmislik duzeylerinin sosyodemografik ozelliklerle iliskisinin degerlendirilmesi

Bulgular: BDO puan sonuclarina gore 1 kiside (%2.8) orta derecede depresyon saptandi. Maslach toplam puani ile BDO puani arasinda anlamli dogrusal korelasyon bulundu. Calismamizda suregen hastaligi olanlarda olmayanlara gore kisisel basari (KB) puanlari arasinda anlamli fark (p=0.04), duyarsizlasma (D) degerinde ise iki grup arasinda anlamliya yakin (p=0.06) sonuc elde edildi. Kisisel basari isyeri kosullarini yetersiz bulanlarda ortami klasik bulanlara gore anlamli fark gosterdi (p=0.003). Kisilik yapisi ile de KB degerleri arasinda anlamli fark saptandi.
High-sensitive troponin I test in clinical value for early diagnosis of acute myocardial infarction

Objective To study High- sensitive troponin I test in clinical value for early diagnosis of acute myocardial infarction. Method 72 cases of patients with acute myocardial infarction from the department of cardiology were tested troponin I by high- sensitive troponin I regent and troponin I regent for 1 hour、4 hours、6 hours、8 hours、12 hours. Results High- sensitive troponin I positive detection rate was 27. 78%,Troponin I positive detection rate was 9. 72% in 1 hour; high- sensitive troponin I positive detection rate was38. 89%,Troponin I positive detection rate was 18. 06 in 4 hours; High- sensitive troponin I positive diction rate was 48. 61%,Troponin I positive detection rate was 27. 78% in 6 hours; High- sensitive troponin I positive detection rate was 63. 89%,Troponin I positive detection rate was 40. 28% in 8 hours; High- sensitive troponin I positive detection rate was 100%,Troponin I positive detection rate was 87. 50%in 12 hours. Conclusion High- sensitive troponin I test is better clinical early diagnosis of acute myocardial infarction.
Noninvasive Aneuploidy Detection by Multiplexed Amplification and Sequencing of Polymorphic Loci

INTRODUCTION: We determined performance of a massively multiplexed polymerase chain reaction assay targeting single nucleotide polymorphisms in identifying fetal trisomies 21, 18, 13 and monosomy X from cell-free DNA isolated from maternal plasma. METHODS: Cell-free DNA was isolated from 1,050 pregnant women (including 490 externally blinded, 519 low-risk, and 124 aneuploid samples) and analyzed. A total of 19,488 single nucleotide polymorphisms covering chromosomes 13, 18, 21, X, and Y were amplified in a single multiplex polymerase chain reaction and sequenced. Results were analyzed using the Next-generation Aneuploidy Test Using Single nucleotide polymorphism algorithm, which uses Bayesian statistics and incorporates parental genotypes. Next-generation Aneuploidy Test Using Single nucleotide polymorphism algorithm calculates sample-specific accuracies without requiring reference chromosomes. RESULTS: This method reported 100% sensitivity for trisomy 21 (58/58), trisomy 18 (24/24), trisomy 13 (12/12), and fetal sex (775/775) and 90% sensitivity for monosomy X (9/10). Specificity for trisomies 21 and 13 was 100% (904/904 and 952/952, respectively) and for trisomy 18 and monosomy X was 99.9% (938/939 and 952/953, respectively). Accurate copy number calls were made at 7 weeks of gestation, as low as 3.8% fetal fraction, and sensitivity and specificity were perfect in the low-risk cohort. “Extremely low fetal fraction” samples (less than the first percentile, maternal weight- and gestational age-adjusted) were greater than 12 times more likely to be abnormal (odds ratio 12.6). CONCLUSIONS: Multiplexing 19,488 single nucleotide polymorphism-targeted assays in a single polymerase chain reaction accurately identified fetal aneuploidies from cell-free DNA with unparalleled performance. This approach thus enables highly accurate, noninvasive, early prenatal aneuploidy detection and suggests that extremely low fetal fraction may identify a new category of pregnancies at risk of fetal or placental abnormality.
A refined foreground-corrected limit on the HI power spectrum at z=8.6 from the GMRT Epoch of Reionization Experiment

The GMRT Epoch of Reionization (EoR) experiment is an ongoing effort to measure the power spectrum from neutral hydrogen at high redshift. We have previously reported an upper limit of (70 mK)^2 at wavenumbers of k=0.65 h/Mpc using a basic piecewise-linear foreground subtraction. In this paper we explore the use of a singular value decomposition to remove foregrounds with fewer assumptions about the foreground structure. Using this method we also quantify, for the first time, the signal loss due to the foreground filter and present new power spectra adjusted for this loss, providing a revised measurement of a 2-sigma upper limit at (248 mK)^2 for k=0.50 h/Mpc. While this revised limit is larger than previously reported, we believe it to be more robust and still represents the most up-to-date constraints on reionization at z=8.6.
Accelerated Transfer Learning for Protein-Protein Interaction Prediction

This thesis explores issues arising when predicting protein-protein interactions (PPI) involving multiple species with the Protein-protein Interaction Prediction Engine (PIPE). When predicting one species' PPI from another's, we showed that prediction performance is inversely correlated to the evolutionary distance between training and testing species. With a change in the score calculation, we improved the area under the precision-recall curve by 45% when using seven well-studied species to predict an eighth. We then showed that PIPE was able to predict PPI between species by predicting 229 novel PPI between HIV and human at an estimated precision of 82% (100:1 class imbalance). By modifying a main data structure, we also improved the speed of the PIPE algorithm by a factor of 53x when predicting H. sapiens PPI. Using these best practices, we predicted all possible PPI between soybean and its costly pest, the Soybean Cyst Nematode, for our collaborators at Agriculture Canada.
Persistent and Slow Virus Infections

Read more and get great! That's what the book enPDFd persistent and slow virus infections will give for every reader to read this book. This is an on-line book provided in this website. Even this book becomes a choice of someone to read, many in the world also loves it so much. As what we talk, when you read more every page of this persistent and slow virus infections , what you will obtain is something great.
Distributed leader-tracking adaptive control for high-order nonlinear Lipschitz multi-agent systems with multiple time-varying communication delays

This paper addresses the leader-tracking problem of high-order nonlinear Lipschitz agents sharing their state information through a delayed communication network. The multiple delays associated to each communication link are considered as time-varying functions. The problem is solved through a fully distributed adaptive protocol on the basis of a node-based local adaptation method that is independent of any global information and does not require any knowledge or estimation of the nonlinear agent dynamics. The stability of the closed-loop delayed Multi-Agent System (MAS) is proven to leverage the Lyapunov–Krasovskii approach combined with the Barbalat's Lemma. Stability conditions are expressed as a set of feasible Linear Matrix Inequalities (LMIs) derived via the free weighted matrices method. Exemplary numerical simulations confirm the effectiveness of the theoretical results.
Investigating the Apparent Teleconnection between Cosmic-Ray Muon Flux over Jamaica and Large-Scale Climate Phenomena That Impact the Caribbean

The apparent teleconnection between cosmic-ray muon flux over a base point in the Caribbean is discussed against the background of an extensive record of indices representing large-scale climatic phenomena, but limited cosmic-ray muon flux data. Many investigators have shown that large-scale climate phenomena influence sub-seasonal and seasonal climate variability, especially in the northern hemisphere and their impacts on the Caribbean are well documented. These climatic phenomena that impact the Caribbean include, but are not limited to, the El Nino Southern Oscillation, the Quasi-Biennial Oscillation, the North Atlantic Oscillation, and the Arctic Oscillation which is now being investigated. Although strong statistical correlation between variables over non-contiguous regions are not absolute as proof of teleconnections, the correlation strength can be used as an indication of its existence. The data gathered at the Mona Campus of the University of the West Indies, in Jamaica, using a simple QuarkNet 6000 muon detector over the period September 2011 to September 2013, showed an apparent significant relationship with these climatic indices. This suggests that cosmic-ray muon flux might be linked to the behavior of the climate phenomena and therefore can be used as a climate or meteorological index over the Caribbean.
Mapping the properties of the vortex-induced vibrations of flexible cylinders in uniform oncoming flow

Flexible structures placed within an oncoming flow exhibit far more complex vortex-induced dynamics than flexibly mounted rigid cylinders, because they involve the distributed interaction between the structural and wake dynamics along the entire span. Hence, mapping the well-understood properties of rigid cylinder vibrations to those of strings and beams has been elusive. We show here with a combination of experiments, conducted at Reynolds number, $Re$ from 250 to 2300, and computational fluid dynamics that such a mapping is possible for flexible structures in uniform flow undergoing combined cross-flow and in-line oscillations, but only when additional concepts are introduced to model the extended coupling of the flow and the structure. The in-line response consists of largely standing waves that define cells, each cell spanning the distance between adjacent nodes, over which stable vortical patterns form, whose features (‘2S’ versus ‘P $+$ S’) depend strongly on the true reduced velocity, $V_{r}=U/f_{y}d$ , where $U$ is the inflow velocity, $f_{y}$ is the cross-flow vibration frequency and $d$ is the cylinder diameter, and the phase angle between in-line and cross-flow response; while the cross-flow response may contain travelling waves, breaking the symmetry of the problem. The axial distribution of the highly variable effective added masses in the cross-flow and in-line directions, and the local phase angle between in-line and cross-flow motion determine the single frequency of cross-flow response, while the in-line response vibrates at twice the cross-flow frequency. The cross-flow and in-line lift coefficients in phase with velocity depend strongly on the true reduced velocity but also on the local phase angle between in-line and cross-flow motions. Modal shapes can be defined for in-line and cross-flow, based on the resemblance of the response to conventional modes, which can be in the ratio of either ‘ $2n/n$ ’ or ‘ $(2n-1)/n$ ’, where $n$ is the order of the cross-flow response mode. We use an underwater optical tracking system to reconstruct the sectional fluid forces in a flexible structure and show that, once the cross-flow and in-line motion features are known, employing strip theory and the hydrodynamic coefficients obtained from forced rigid cylinder experiments allows us to predict the distributed forces accurately.
On Imaging South African Regional Ionosphere Using 4D‐var Technique

One of the major research areas in the space weather community is the ability to understand, characterize, and model a time‐space variant ionosphere through which transionospheric signals propagate. In this paper a strong constraint four‐dimensional variational data assimilation (4D‐var) technique was used to more accurately estimate the South African regional ionosphere (bound latitude 20–35°S, longitude 20–40°E, and altitude 100–1,336 km). The altitude was capped to the JASON‐1 satellite orbital altitude for the purpose of eliminating the plasmasphere contribution hence reducing the computation expense. Background densities were obtained from an empirical internationally recognized ionosphere model (IRI‐2016) and propagated in time using a Gauss‐Markov filter. Ingested data were STECs (slant total electron content) obtained from the South African Global Navigation Satellite System receiver network (TrigNet). The vertically integrated electron content was validated using Global ionosphere Maps and JASON‐3 data over the continent and ocean areas, respectively. Further, vertical profiles after assimilation were compared with data from a network of ground‐based regional ionosondes Hermanus (34.25°S, 19.13°E), Grahamstown (33.3°S, 26.5°E), Louisvale (21.2°S, 28.5°E), and Madimbo (22.4°S, 30.9°E). Results show that assimilation of STEC data has a profound improvement on the estimation of both the horizontal and vertical structures during quiet and storm periods. Accuracy of the horizontal structure decreases from the continent toward the ocean area where GPS receivers are less abundant. Superiority of assimilating STEC is best pronounced during daytime especially when estimating maximum electron density of the F2 layer (NmF2), with a 60% root‐mean‐square error improvement over the background values.
Recent Advances in Ophthalmic Drug Delivery System

Due to the complexity of ocular physiological structure and the existence of numerous barriers,many drugs have little effect on the eye diseases.To improve the therapy efficacy of ophthalmic drugs,colloidal systems(including nanosuspensions,liposomes,micro-/nano- emulsions,fat emulsions and nanoparticles),in situ gel and solid preparation for ophthalmic delivery are adopted to prolong drug corneal retention and reduce the systemic absorption.This paper reviews the recent advances of above drug delivery systems,but also points out some obstacles.
Do Low- and Middle-Income Countries Learn from the Experience of High-Income Countries?

An editorial posited that low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) take longer to access schizophrenia treatment innovations, but this lag may be an advantage in that that it allows them to have better evidence to inform clinical and policy decisions. We sought to determine whether LMIC policymakers do in fact use the best available evidence to make decisions regarding access to atypical antipsychotics, the latest innovation in schizophrenia therapeutics. Since there were no relevant policy analyses, we approached the issue by assessing the quality of the scientific evidence available to policymakers and examining in detail the experience of Chile, a middle-income country. We found that there is minimal LMIC-specific scientific evidence to inform policy analyses. Moreover, the modest body of cost-effectiveness evidence is undermined by the source of its effectiveness estimates. Only two of the four cost-effectiveness studies accounted for antipsychotics' side-effects, and only one included the long-term effects of metabolically active antipsychotics. LMICs that are able to manufacture or import cheaper generic atypical drugs have readily embraced them. Chile's experience indicates that an LMIC that implemented policies when evidence from higher-income countries strongly favored atypical drugs responded to new evidence to the contrary, but not forcefully enough to counter pressure from advocates or market forces. It appears, then, that most LMIC policymakers were not aware that the modest body of LMIC-relevant cost-effectiveness evidence did not favor atypicals, or if they were aware, their decisions were not influenced by this evidence. We conclude with a discussion of the implications of this finding.
Alternating projected Barzilai-Borwein methods for nonnegative matrix factorization.

The Nonnegative Matrix Factorization (NMF) technique has b een used in many areas of science, engineering, and technology. In this paper, we propose four algorithms for solving the nonsmooth nonnegative matrix factorization (nsNMF) problems. The nsNMF uses a smoothing parameter 2 [0; 1℄ to control the sparseness in its matrix factors and it reduces to the original NMF if = 0. Each of our algorithms alternately solves a nonnegative linear least squares subproblem in matrix form using a proje cted Barzilai–Borwein method with a nonmonotone line search or no line search. We have tested and compared our algorithms with the projected gradient method of Lin on a variety of randomly generated NMF problems. Our nume rical results show that three of our algorithms, namely, APBB1, APBB2, and APBB3, are significantly faster th an Lin’s algorithm for large-scale, difficult, or exactly factorable NMF problems in terms of CPU time used. We have also tested and compared our APBB2 method with the multiplicative algorithm of Lee and Seung an d Lin’s algorithm for solving the nsNMF problem resulted from the ORL face database using both = 0 and = 0:7. The experiments show that when = 0:7 is used, the APBB2 method can produce sparse basis images and re const ucted images which are comparable to the ones by the Lin and Lee–Seung methods in considerably less ti me. They also show that the APBB2 method can reconstruct better quality images and obtain sparser basis images than the methods of Lee–Seung and Lin when each method is allowed to run for a short period of time. Finally, w e provide a numerical comparison between the APBB2 method and the Hierarchical Alternating Least Squares (HAL S)/Rank-one Residue Iteration (RRI) method, which was recently proposed by Cichocki, Zdunek, and Amari and by H o, Van Dooren, and Blondel independently.
Single coupled cavity filter design with dielectric resonators posts for millimeter‐wave applications

In this work, a single coupled cavity has presented for millimeter‐wave applications. The cavity is modeled to study the effect on the quality factor by adding cylindrical posts to coupled cavity resonator. This cavity model demonstrates a higher quality factor result and better performance compare to empty substrate integrated waveguide (ESIW) filter. The concept of enhancing the quality factor by adding posts is achieved. Based on this concept, the coupled cavity and bandpass filter are presented to show the feasibility of the fabrication process for building an ESIW filter where cylindrical posts is placed in middle on the planar substrate. The introduced cavity offers very good performance around (1%) fractal bandwidth at 24.7 GHz center frequency with Q‐factor of 2236. A cavity prototype is fabricated and measured where measurements agree well with simulation.
EFFICACY OF JALAUKAVACHARNA IN THE MANAGEMENT IN THE ACNE VULGARIS: A CLINICAL STUDY

Lalita Sharma 1 ,Alok Srivastava 2 ,Pretya juyal 3 , Priya kutiyal 4 and Vandana Chauhan 5 . 1. MD Scholar , Department of Panchakarma,U.A. U, Rishikul Campus Haridwar. 2. Professor , Department of Panchakarma,U.A. U, Rishikul Campus Haridwar. 3. MD Scholars , Department of Panchakarma,U.A. U, Rishikul Campus Haridwar. Manuscript Info Abstract . Manuscript History Received: 08 August 2019 Final Accepted: 10 September 2019 Published: October 2019
Pulse-length effects in strong-field ionization of atoms by co-rotating and counter-rotating bicircular laser pulses

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Fatigue Life Prediction of Serpentine Interconnects on Soft Elastomers for Stretchable Electronics

Serpentine interconnects on soft elastomers have been widely used to develop high-performance stretchable electronics. A number of applications demand the system to sustain repetitive loadings, which lead to fatigue failure of serpentine interconnects. In this paper, the fatigue behavior of serpentine interconnects on an elastomeric substrate is investigated experimentally and theoretically. It is shown that the fatigue failure of serpentine interconnects is governed by the failure of the encapsulation layer with the fatigue life determined by the strain level. A fatigue life prediction model, validated by experiments, based on the fatigue modulus concept is established to predict the fatigue life of serpentine interconnects. These results provide physical insights into the fatigue failure of serpentine interconnects and paves the theoretical foundation to predict the fatigue life, thus to study the reliability of stretchable electronics.
A Course in Harmonic Analysis

Fourier analysis In this section, we will take a tour through some topics in abstract harmonic analysis. Our goal will not be to present a thorough theoretical presentation, but rather to show how many of the preceding topics can be understood as special cases of a more general theory. In particular, many preliminary results will simply be quoted as needed; the interested reader is encouraged to pick up [9] to find complete details. We will also explore related topics in some new settings (e.g. in the setting of compact Lie groups).
Analysis of the Field-Line Coupling of the Transmission Line Above an Orthogonal Ground Plane Through Electromagnetic Reciprocity Theorem

The far-field radiation of the transmission line (TL) operating as a transmitter and the induced voltage and current at the terminals of the TL regarded as a receiver can be correlated via the electromagnetic (EM) reciprocity theorem. For a TL above an orthogonal ground plane, the far-field radiation formulas of the TL in the testing state (where the TL is deemed as a transmitter) and the electric field expressions around the TL in the receiving state (where the TL is considered as a receiver) are derived in this study. Besides, an expression for the induced voltage at the terminal of the TL is obtained for each state and the equivalence between the two expressions is proved through the EM reciprocity theorem and method of image. A voltage source is selected as the excitation in the testing state and an effective selection method is proposed. Moreover, numerical examples are provided to verify the correctness of analyzing the field line coupling problem of the TL above an orthogonal ground plane through the EM reciprocity theorem and to certify the effectiveness of the novel expression of the excitation voltage source.