Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Gradient Magnitude Differences and Guided Filter for Stereo Video Matching Algorithm

This paper proposes a new stereo video matching algorithm which uses Gradient Magnitude (GM) differences and Guided Filter (GF). The radiometric and edges distortions are the problems that contribute to the quality of the results for stereo video matching algorithm. Hence, this article proposes an algorithm to reduce these problems. The first stage, the GM is utilized. The GM is strong against the radiometric distortion on an image due to different brightness on an image or between the stereo cameras. The second stage, the GF is used to improve the edges of object matching and is efficiently to remove the noise. Based on the standard benchmarking stereo dataset, the proposed work in this article produces good results and performs much better compared to before the proposed framework. This new algorithm is also competitive with some established methods in the literature.
On the dynamics of a durable commodity market

Disequilibria phenomenon appears in the economic model of durable stocks proposed by A. Panchuck and T. Puu in [ 7 ]. In this paper, assuming that agents have the same utility functions, we give not only bounds of the disequilibrium but also prove the existence of a compact set of no-trade points such that it does not depend on the initial stock distribution. We also give a description of the nature of \begin{document}$ \omega $\end{document} –limit sets in the general case proving that disequilibrium points can be attained as limit points of orbits.
A panorama on superoscillations

Purpose of this note is to give an overview on superoscillating sequences and some of their properties. We discuss their persistence in time under Schrodinger equation, we propose various classes of superoscillating functions and we also briefly mention how they can be used to approximate some generalized functions.Purpose of this note is to give an overview on superoscillating sequences and some of their properties. We discuss their persistence in time under Schrodinger equation, we propose various classes of superoscillating functions and we also briefly mention how they can be used to approximate some generalized functions.
Non-coherent sequence detection scheme for satellite-based automatic identification system

The satellite-based automatic identification system (AIS) receiver has to encounter the frequency offset caused by the Doppler effect and the oscillator instability. This paper proposes a non-coherent sequence detection scheme for the satellite-based AIS signal transmitted over the white Gaussian noise channel. Based on the maximum likelihood estimation and a Viterbi decoder, the proposed scheme is capable of tolerating a frequency offset up to 5% of the symbol rate. The complexity of the proposed scheme is reduced by the state-complexity reduction, which is based on per-survivor processing. Simulation results prove that the proposed non-coherent sequence detection scheme has high robustness to frequency offset compared to the relative scheme when messages collision exists.
Energy proficient clustering technique for lifetime enhancement of cognitive radio–based heterogeneous wireless sensor network

Utilizing the available spectrum in a more optimized manner and selecting a proper routing technique for transferring the data, without any data collision, from the sensor node to the base station play a major role in any network for increasing their network lifetime. Cognitive radio techniques play a major role to achieve the same, and when combined with wireless sensor networks the above-said requirements can be greatly accomplished. In this article, a novel energy-efficient distance-based clustering and routing algorithm using multi-hop communication approach is proposed. Based on distance, the given heterogeneous cognitive radio–based wireless sensor networks are divided into regions and are allocated with a unique spectrum. Dynamic clustering through distance calculation and routing of data through multi-hop communication is done. The simulation results illustrate that the proposed algorithm has improved energy efficiency and is more stable. The first node death and 80% node death illustrate the improved scalability. Also, the increased throughput aids in maintaining the residual energy of the network, which further solves the problem of load balancing among nodes. All the above results combined with half node death analysis show that the proposed algorithm also has an improved network lifetime.
Finite group actions on 3‐manifolds and cyclic branched covers of knots

As a consequence of a general result about finite group actions on 3‐manifolds, we show that a hyperbolic 3‐manifold can be the cyclic branched cover of at most fifteen inequivalent knots in S3 (in fact, a main motivation of the present paper is to establish the existence of such a universal bound). A similar, though weaker, result holds for arbitrary irreducible 3‐manifolds: an irreducible 3‐manifold can be a cyclic branched cover of odd prime order of at most six knots in S3 . We note that in most other cases such a universal bound does not exist.
Electrostatic Mechanism for Depolymerization-Based Poleward Force Generation at Kinetochores

Experiments implicating bound volume positive charge at kinetochores interacting with negative charge at microtubule free ends have prompted our calculation of the force at kinetochores for chromosome poleward motility during mitosis. We present here a corroborating force calculation between positively charged Hec1 tails in kinetochores and negatively charged C-termini at microtubule free ends. Based on experimentally-known charge magnitudes on Hec1 tails and C-termini at microtubule free ends, an ab initio calculation of poleward (tension) force per microtubule that falls within the experimental range is demonstrated. Due to the locations of C-termini charges on concave sides of splaying microtubules, this attractive force between subsets of low curvature splaying microtubule protofilaments C-termini eventually fails for subsets of protofilaments with more pronounced curvature, thus generating poleward force as microtubules depolymerize in a dynamic coupling, as observed experimentally. The mechanism by which kinetochores establish and maintain a dynamic coupling to microtubules for force production during the complex motions of mitosis remains elusive, and force generation at kinetochores has emerged as a signature problem in chromosome motility. In agreement with experiment, two separate calculations show that attractive electrostatic interactions over nanometer distances account for poleward chromosome forces at kinetochores.
Analysis, Design and Implementation of Multi Agent System in Web Data Mining

When users access any online website, web access logs are generated on the server. Web log analyzer helps us to analyze user behavior that contain information such as user name, IP address, number of hits, files, visit, bytes transferred and uniform resource locator that referred. It is very important to have web log analyzer tools which help us in knowing the emerging trends of e-commerce and user with an approach of web analytics. Each and every tool is having some feature and limitation. Through comparative study it gives direction to select which analyzer tool to be used in frequent manner or in a specific circumstance to better understand the behavior of user. Agents refer to the calculating entities with characteristics such as independence, duration and acting as an agent under certain environment. Agents are significant because they permit various software components the ability to exchange and use information in web content retrieval. Agents require a common agent communication language to describe and process agent’s requests. Also user requirements such as getting accurate information in a prompt manner are not getting fulfilled as per their expectations. With JADE and Multi Agent System, it becomes easier to implement Agents and can effectively improve the intelligence of the system.
Density function of random differential equations via finite difference schemes: a theoretical analysis of a random diffusion-reaction Poisson-type problem

ABSTRACT A computational approach to approximate the probability density function of random differential equations is based on transformation of random variables and finite difference schemes. The theoretical analysis of this computational method has not been performed in the extant literature. In this paper, we deal with a particular random differential equation: a random diffusion-reaction Poisson-type problem of the form , , with boundary conditions , . Here, α, A and B are random variables and is a stochastic process. The term is a stochastic process that solves the random problem in the sample path sense. Via a finite difference scheme, we approximate with a sequence of stochastic processes in both the almost sure and senses. This allows us to find mild conditions under which the probability density function of can be approximated. Illustrative examples are included.
IMAGES OF QUANTUM REPRESENTATIONS OF MAPPING CLASS GROUPS AND DUPONT–GUICHARDET–WIGNER QUASI-HOMOMORPHISMS

We prove that either the images of the mapping class groups by quantum representations are not isomorphic to higher rank lattices or else the kernels have a large number of normal generators. Further, we show that the images of the mapping class groups have non-trivial 2-cohomology, at least for small levels. For this purpose, we considered a series of quasi-homomorphisms on mapping class groups extending the previous work of Barge and Ghys (Math. Ann. 294 (1992), 235–265) and of Gambaudo and Ghys (Bull. Soc. Math. France 133(4) (2005), 541–579). These quasi-homomorphisms are pull-backs of the Dupont–Guichardet–Wigner quasi-homomorphisms on pseudo-unitary groups along quantum representations.
Optimal Planning of a Multi-Carrier Microgrid (MCMG) Considering Demand-Side Management

The multi-carrier microgrid (MCMG) is a restricted district comprising convertors and energy storage systems (ESSs) that are used to fulfill various energy demands. The structure and optimal operation of these MCMGs with regard to fulfilling multi-carrier demands are presented in relation to their rapid spread. In this paper, a two-stage optimum planning and design method for an MCMG is presented in the planning horizon. The investment and operation (fuel and maintenance) costs are considered concurrently to find the optimal type and size of components over the planning horizon. At the first stage, the genetic algorithm (GA) is applied to determine the optimal type and size of components, such as combined heat and power (CHP), boiler, transformer, and solar panels. At the second stage, the mixed-integer nonlinear programming (MINLP) technique is used and simulated by the GAMS software to solve the operational problem with regard to the forecasted energy demands. This method is examined on a typical MCMG and the effectiveness of the proposed method is proven.
Electrical modulation of degenerate semiconductor plasmonic interfaces

We demonstrate electrical modulation of plasmonic interfaces in semiconductor p-n++ junctions fabricated from both III–V and Si materials. Junction diodes are grown/fabricated, consisting of degenerately doped n-type material and heavily doped p-type material, where the n++ semiconductor acts as a plasmonic material capable of supporting infrared propagating surface plasmon polaritons. Devices were characterized electrically and optically, and we achieved tuning of the reflectivity under applied bias with amplitude reaching 1.5% in mid-IR wavelengths. We developed a model of electrical carrier injection at the degenerately doped interface, which we used to model the bias-dependent optical properties of the system. A strong agreement between our model and experimental results is demonstrated. The presented devices offer the opportunity for electrical modulation of propagating plasmonic modes in an all-semiconductor system.We demonstrate electrical modulation of plasmonic interfaces in semiconductor p-n++ junctions fabricated from both III–V and Si materials. Junction diodes are grown/fabricated, consisting of degenerately doped n-type material and heavily doped p-type material, where the n++ semiconductor acts as a plasmonic material capable of supporting infrared propagating surface plasmon polaritons. Devices were characterized electrically and optically, and we achieved tuning of the reflectivity under applied bias with amplitude reaching 1.5% in mid-IR wavelengths. We developed a model of electrical carrier injection at the degenerately doped interface, which we used to model the bias-dependent optical properties of the system. A strong agreement between our model and experimental results is demonstrated. The presented devices offer the opportunity for electrical modulation of propagating plasmonic modes in an all-semiconductor system.
Lepton Masses and Flavour Violation in Randall Sundrum Model

Lepton masses and mixing angles via localization of 5D fields in the bulk are revisited in the context of Randall-Sundrum models. The Higgs is assumed to be localized on the IR brane. Three cases for neutrino masses are considered: (a) The higher dimensional LH.LH operator (b) Dirac masses (c) Type I see-saw with bulk Majorana mass terms. Neutrino masses and mixing as well as charged lepton masses are fit in the first two cases using χ minimisation for the bulk mass parameters, while varying the O(1) Yukawa couplings between 0.1 and 4. Lepton flavour violation is studied for all the three cases. It is shown that large negative bulk mass parameters are required for the right handed fields to fit the data in the LH LH case. This case is characterized by a very large Kaluza-Klein (KK) spectrum and relatively weak flavour violating constraints at leading order. The zero modes for the charged singlets are composite in this case and their corresponding effective 4-D Yukawa couplings to the KK modes could be large. For the Dirac case, good fits can be obtained for the bulk mass parameters, ci, lying between 0 and 1. However, most of the ‘best fit regions’ are ruled out from flavour violating constraints. In the bulk Majorana terms case, we have solved the profile equations numerically. We give example points for inverted hierarchy and normal hierarchy of neutrino masses. Lepton flavor violating rates are large for these points. We then discuss various minimal flavor violation (MFV) schemes for Dirac and bulk Majorana cases. In the Dirac case with MFV hypothesis, it is possible to simultaneously fit leptonic masses and mixing angles and alleviate lepton flavor violating constraints for Kaluza-Klein modes with masses of around 3 TeV. Similar examples are also provided in the Majorana case. ∗Electronic address: abhishek@cts.iisc. ernet.in †Electronic address: vempati@cts.iisc. ernet.in 1 ar X iv :1 20 6. 43 83 v2 [ he pph ] 3 0 N ov 2 01 2
A Multi-Messenger Picture of Galaxy Mergers: Neutrinos and Electromagnetic Emissions

The merger of dark matter halos and the gaseous structures embedded in them, such as galaxies and clusters of galaxies, results in strong shocks. These shocks will produce high-energy neutrinos and gamma-rays through inelastic $pp$ collisions. In this work, we formulate the redshift dependence of the shock velocity, galactic radius, halo gas content and galactic/intergalactic magnetic fields over the dark matter halo distribution up to a redshift $z = 10$. We find that high-redshift mergers contribute a significant amount of the cosmic-ray (CR) luminosity density, and the resulting neutrino spectra could explain a large part of the observed diffuse neutrino flux above 0.1 PeV up to several PeV without violating the $\gamma$-ray constraint. Moreover, the secondary electrons/positrons from pion decays can produce observable emissions through synchrotron radiation and inverse Compton scattering while propagating in the host galaxies. We demonstrate that these emissions can explain the radio and X-ray fluxes of the merging galaxies such as NGC 660 and NGC 3256. In the future, with the improved sensitivity of the Cherenkov Telescope Array (CTA) and IceCube-Gen2, our model for the merging galaxies can be further tested by gamma-ray and neutrino observations.
Optimization Study For The Cross-Section Of A Concrete Gravity Dam: Genetic Algorithm Model And Application

Concrete gravity dams have trapezoidal shape in their cross section and shall guarantee the global stability against acting loads like hydrostatic and uplift pressures through his gravitational actions (self-weight and others). This study focuses on the shape optimization of concrete gravity dams using genetic algorithms. In this case, the dam cross section area is considered as the objective function and the design variables are the geometric parameters of the gravity dam. The optimum cross-section of a concrete gravity dam is achieved by the Genetic Algorithm (GA) through a Matlab routine developed by the author. Sliding, overturning and floating verifications are implemented in the program. In order to assess the efficiency of the proposed methodology for gravity dams optimization, one application is presented adopting the concrete gravity dam of Belo Monte Hydropower Plant (HPP), considering normal loading condition and others assumptions presented.
Rotor position estimation of wound-rotor synchronous starter/generator

This study proposes a novel rotor position estimation method for wound-rotor synchronous starter/generator (WSSG). At starting stage, WSSG needs a resolver to obtain main generator (MG)'s rotor position. However, the use of resolver increases starting system's complexity, volume, weight and cost. In order to solve this problem, a new kind of MG's rotor position estimation method is proposed, which considers the structure of WSSG as a resolver. This method injects a rotating voltage into MG's stator, detects main exciter's stator currents and subsequently processes the current signals to estimate MG's rotor position. Experiment results show that this method has high estimation accuracy, which are in good agreement with the theoretical analyses and simulation results. Compared to the traditional saliency tracking rotor position estimation method, this method does not rely on WSSG's parameters (including MG's saliency), and the signal processing procedures are more simple.
Existence of positive solution to the boundary value problems for coupled system of nonlinear fractional differential equations

In this paper, we investigate the existence criteria of at least one positive solution to the three-point boundary value problems with coupled system of Riemann-Liouville type nonlinear fractional order differential equations. The analysis of this study is based on the well-known Schauder’s fixed point theorem. Some new existence and multiplicity results for coupled system of Riemann-Liouville type nonlinear fractional order differential equation with three-point boundary value conditions are obtained.
On the verification of DWD's polarimetric hydrometeor classification and improved QPE

Deutscher Wetterdienst, Research and Development, Radar Meteorology Jörg Steinert (joerg.steinert@dwd.de), Patrick Tracksdorf Fig. 1: Current state of operational DWD radar network shown with a 150 km coverage radius. blue: dual polarisation system; grey: single polarisation system. Geo data: © GeoBasisDE / BKG 2014. 37th Conference on Radar Meteorology Norman, OK, USA 14 18 September 2015 Poster 22
Second-Order Optimality Conditions for Broken Extremals and Bang-Bang Controls

We survey the results on no-gap second order optimality conditions (both necessary and sufficient) in the Calculus of Variations and Optimal Control, that were obtained in the monographs [31] and [40], and discuss their further develop-ment. First, we formulate such conditions for broken extremals in the simplest prob-lem of the Calculus of Variations and then, we consider them for discontinuous con-trols in optimal control problems with endpoint and mixed state-control constraints, considered on a variable time interval. Further, we discuss such conditions for bang-bang controls in optimal control problems, where the control appears linearly in the Pontryagin-Hamilton function with control constraints given in the form of a con-vex polyhedron. Bang-bang controls induce an optimization problem with respect to the switching times of the control, the so-called Induced Optimization Problem. We show that second-order sufficient condition for the Induced Optimization Problem together with the so-called strict bang-bang property ensure second-order sufficient conditions for the bang-bang control problem. Finally, we discuss optimal control problems with mixed control-state constraints and control appearing linearly. Tak-ing the mixed constraint as a new control variable we convert such problems to bang-bang control problems. The numerical verification of second-order conditions is illustrated on three examples.
A low‐cost high‐gain dual polarized antenna design from cuboids and shorting strips for base stations

This article presents a novel low‐cost high‐gain dual‐polarized antenna using suspended cuboid and ground connected cuboid geometry. The design structure of the antenna is simple and it's all components are fabricated by a copper sheet of thickness 0.5 mm. The prototype is fabricated and measured and has −15 dB impedance bandwidths of 33.33%(2.5‐3.5 GHz) with broadside gain of 9.2 ± 0.3 dBi and 32.25%(2.6‐3.6 GHz) with broadside gain 9 ± 0.3 dBi over bandwidths when measured from port 1 and port 2, respectively. The isolation between the ports is enhanced by shorting suspended cuboid from the ground plane and measured one more than 17 dB from 2.45 to 3.7 GHz. The proposed dual polarized antenna can be used for base stations such as Wireless Local Area Network (WLAN), Long Term Evolution (LTE), and Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access (WiMAX) applications. The antenna is designed and simulated and there are good agreements between simulated and measured results are obtained.
Plasmon dispersion in graphite: A comparison of current 
ab initio
 methods

We perform a systematic study of the macroscopic dielectric function and electron energy loss (EEL) spectra for graphite. We obtain the dispersion behavior for the π plasmon, as a function of the momentum transfer q for two nonequivalent paths that traverse the first four Brillouin zones. We carry out these calculations within both time-dependent density functional theory (with two exchange-correlation functionals) and the Bethe-Salpeter equation. Additionally, we explore the effects of using the complete excitonic Hamiltonian (with all electron-hole pairs and antipairs), and within the Tamm-Dancoff approximation (neglecting antipairs). By analyzing the behavior of the macroscopic dielectric function, we are able to determine which peaks are predominantly from plasmonic behavior or only interband transitions. We compare the calculated spectra against several experiments that span almost five decades; our results present clear trends that follow the physical origins of the observed peaks. We carry out this study over a large range of momentum transfer in order to better evaluate the different theoretical methods compared to experiment, and predict the plasmonic behavior beyond available experimental data. Our results indicate that including the complete Hamiltonian with the exciton coupling included is essential for accurately describing the observed EEL spectra and plasmon dispersion of graphite, particularly for low values of momentum transfer. However, the solution of the Bethe-Salpeter equation is computationally intensive, so time-dependent density functional theory methods used in conjunction with the complete Hamiltonian may be an attractive alternative.