Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Psychometric Properties of the Attitudinal Beliefs Questionnaire about Suicidal Behavior (CCCS-18)

Abstract The purpose of this study was to analyze psychometric properties of the Spanish version of Attitudinal Beliefs Questionnaire about Suicidal Behavior CCCS-18 (Ruiz, Navarro-Ruiz, Torrente, & Rodríguez, 2005). The participants were 277 subjects, 81.2% (225) women and 18.8% (52) men. The average age was 39.95 years old (SD = 15.9). A confirmatory factor analysis was performed to test the adequacy of the four-factor model proposed by the authors. As a result it was obtained a three-factor model (χ2/df = 1.96; CFI = .98; sRMR = .060; RMSEA = .059), with indices reflecting adequate goodness of fit. The reliability of the test using the omega coefficient showed satisfactory values (ω h = .95, CI 95% = [.94, .96]). The results indicate a close relation between the CCCS-18 dimensions and the suicidal tendency, showing discriminant validity properties. Predictive validity was also found in the significant correlations between the measures obtained in the questionnaire and a risk index resulting from the suicidal ideation predictor variables that were part of a logistic regression equation; CCCS-18 (r = .26, p < .001), F1, Legimization and terminal disease (r = .163, p < .01), F2, Moral dimension (r = .22, p < .001) and F3, Suicide itself (r = .252, p < .001). Conclusions: The CCCS-18 shows reliability and validity, as well as being a test of easy and brief application.
Morphometric Examination of the Equine Adult and Foal Lung

To understand the mechanisms of airway inflammation associated with equine diseases such as Rhodococcus equi infection, we must identify baseline “normal” structural characteristics of the horse lung. To develop a detailed understanding of the morphology of the horse lung, we adapted and applied stereological methods to the lungs from healthy adult horses (N = 4) and 1‐day (N = 5) and 30‐day (N = 5) old foals. The left lung was fixed in situ by intrabronchial instillation of glutaraldehyde/paraformaldehyde fixative at 25 cm H2O column and sampled using a fractionator design followed by embedding in glycol methacrylate. The lung was characterized into parenchyma and non‐parenchyma, where median parenchymal density was 81.0% in 1‐day‐old foals, 84.4% in 30‐day‐old foals and 93.7% in adult lungs. The median volume density of alveolar airspace per lung was 45.9% in 1‐day‐old, 55.5% in 30‐day and 66.9% in adult horse lungs. The median alveolar surface area increased with age, from 205.3 m2, 258.2 m2, and 629.9 m2 in 1‐day‐old foals, 30‐day‐old foals, and adults, respectively. While the median alveolar surface density decreased with age, the mean linear intercept (mean free distance within acinar airspaces) increased with age. Alveolar surface area was greater than endothelial surface area within each lung. The ratio between alveolar and endothelial surface density remains unchanged with age. The median endothelium surface area was 106.2 m2 in 1‐day, 147.5 m2 in 30‐day, and 430 m2 in adult lungs. The data suggest the foal lung is functionally developed and postnatal lung development and remodelling is driven by alveolar expansion paralleled with angiogenesis. Anat Rec, 297:1950–1962, 2014. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Reconstruction of tissue‐engineered bone with bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells and partially deproteinized bone in vitro

We have explored the optimal seeding density and timing for transplantation of the tissue‐engineered bone with BMMSCs (bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells) and PDPB (partially deproteinized bone) in vitro. Rabbit BMMSCs of different densities were seeded into PDPB generated from fresh pig vertebrates to reconstruct tissue‐engineered bone in vitro. Adhesion and proliferation of BMMSCs were analysed by MTT [3‐(4,5‐dimethylthiazol‐2‐yl)‐2,5‐diphenyl‐2H‐tetrazolium bromide] assay from which growth curves of BMMSCs on the PDPB materials were generated. The data show that BMMSCs began to adhere to PDPB after 24 h of primary culture, all groups reaching peak growth on the 6th day, after which the value of A decreased gradually and reached a plateau phase. The optimal BMMSCs seeding density of 5×106/ml achieved an excellent adhesion and proliferation activity on PDPB. In summary, the best cell seeding density of constructing tissue‐engineered bone with BMMSCs in vitro is 5×106/ml, the optimal timing to transplant is the 6th day.
Chronic Systemic Inflammation in Dialysis Patients: An Update on Causes and Consequences

Despite marked improvements in dialysis technology during the last 20 years, the age-adjusted mortality rate in end-stage renal disease (ESRD) patients treated by dialysis is still unacceptably high and comparable to that of many cancer patients with metastases. The main cause of the increased mortality in ESRD patients is cardiovascular disease (CVD), which is twice as common and advances at twice the rate already in patients with early stages of chronic kidney disease as compared to the general population. Although traditional risk factors for CVD are common in dialysis patients, they can only in part explain the very high prevalence of CVD in this patient group. Recent evidence demonstrates that chronic inflammation, a non-traditional risk factor which is a commonly observed in dialysis patients, may cause progressive atherosclerotic CVD and malnutrition, itself an important risk factor for the development of CVD, by several pathogenetic mechanisms. The causes of inflammation in dialysis are multifactorial and include both dialysis-related and unrelated factors. While the long-term effects of chronic inflammation may be most important in the pathogenesis of CVD, the acute-phase reaction may also cause vascular damage by several pathogenic mechanisms. Indeed, it seems logical to speculate that suppression of the vicious cycle of malnutrition, inflammation, and atherosclerosis (MIA syndrome) in ESRD would improve survival and decrease co-morbidity in dialysis patients. As there are currently no established guidelines for the treatment of chronic inflammation in ESRD patients, more studies on the long-term effects of various anti-inflammatory treatment strategies on the nutritional and cardiovascular status, as well as outcome in this patient group, are clearly warranted and will be helpful in identifying precisely which pathways are most involved in the pathogenic process.
Estimation of additive and dominance variance for litter size components in rabbits.

Additive, dominance, and permanent environmental variance components were estimated for the number of kits born alive, number of kits born dead, and total number of kits born of a synthetic rabbit line (called Pannon Ka). The data file consisted of 11 582 kindling records of 2620 does collected between the years 1996-2013. The total number of animals in the pedigree files was 4012. The examined traits were evaluated using single-trait and two-trait (number of kits born alive-dead) animal models containing all or part of the following effects: additive genetic effects, permanent environmental effects, dominance effects. Heritability estimates calculated using the basic single-trait and two-trait models were 0.094 +/- 0.018 and 0.090 +/- 0.016 for number of kits born alive, 0.037 +/- 0.010 and 0.041 +/- 0.012 for number of kits born dead, and 0.117 +/- 0.018 for total number of kits born, respectively. The relative significance of permanent environmental effects was 0.069 +/- 0.014 and 0.069 +/- 0.012 for number of kits born alive, 0.025 +/- 0.011 and 0.023 +/- 0.010 for number of kits born dead, and 0.060 +/- 0.013 for total number of kits born, respectively. Using the extended single-trait and two-trait models, the ratios of the dominance components compared to the phenotypic variances were 0.048 +/- 0.008 and 0.046 +/- 0.007 for number of kits born alive, 0.068 +/- 0.006 and 0.065 +/- 0.006 for number of kits born dead, and 0.005 +/- 0.0073 for total number of kits born, respectively. Genetic correlation coefficients between number of kits born alive and number of kits born dead were 0.401 +/- 0.171 and 0.521 +/- 0.182, respectively. Spearman's rank correlations between the breeding values of the different single-trait models were close to unity in all traits (0.992-0.990). Much lower breeding value stability was found for two- trait models (0.384-0.898), especially for number of kits born dead. Results showed that the dominance components for number of kits born alive and number of kits born dead were not zero and affected the ranking of the animals (based on the breeding values)
A New Subjective Audiovisual & Video Quality Testing Recommendation

This paper introduces ITU-T Recommendation P.913, a new subjective video quality testing standard approved in January 2014. This Recommendation focuses on the evaluation of flat screens, laptops, and mobile devices. P.913 emphasizes flexibility of environment, rating scale, display technology, and stimulus modality (video, audio, or audiovisual). To balance this flexibility, P.913 includes mandatory reporting requirements.
Treatments of disease relapse after allogeneic stem cell transplantation focusing on donor lymphocyte infusion

DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0366-6999.20130572 Section of Hematology/Oncology, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA (Liu HT, Artz A and Bishop MR) Institute of Hematology, Peking University People’s Hospital, Beijing 100044, China (Liu DH and Huang XJ) Correspondence to: Dr. LIU Hong-tao, Section of Hematology/ Oncology, University of Chicago, 5841 South Maryland Avenue, MC 2115, Chicago, IL 60637, USA (Tel: 773-834-0589. Fax: 773-7023163. Email: hliu2@medicine.bsd.uchicago.edu) Conflict of interest: none. Perspective
Early growth response 1 (Egr‐1) directly regulates GABAA receptor α2, α4, and θ subunits in the hippocampus

The homeostatic regulation of neuronal activity in glutamatergic and GABAergic synapses is critical for neural circuit development and synaptic plasticity. The induced expression of the transcription factor early growth response 1 (Egr‐1) in neurons is tightly associated with many forms of neuronal activity, but the underlying target genes in the brain remained to be elucidated. This study uses a quantitative real‐time PCR approach, in combination with in vivo chromatin immunoprecipitation, and reveals that GABAA receptor subunit, GABRA2 (α2), GABRA4 (α4), and GABRQ (θ) genes, are transcriptional targets of Egr‐1. Transfection of a construct that over‐expresses Egr‐1 in neuroblastoma (Neuro2A) cells up‐regulates the α2, α4, and θ subunits. Given that Egr‐1 knockout mice display less GABRA2, GABRA4, and GRBRQ mRNA in the hippocampus, and that Egr‐1 directly binds to their promoters and induces mRNA expression, the present findings support a role for Egr‐1 as a major regulator for altered GABAA receptor composition in homeostatic plasticity, in a glutamatergic activity‐dependent manner. The early growth response 1 (Egr‐1) is an inducible transcription factor to mediate rapid gene expression by neuronal activity. However, its underlying molecular target genes and mechanisms are not fully understood. We suggest that GABAA receptor subunits, GABRA2 (α2), GABRA4 (α4), and GABRQ (θ) genes are transcriptional targets of Egr‐1. Neuronal activity‐dependent up‐regulation of Egr‐1 might lead to altered subtypes of GABAA receptors for the maintenance of homeostatic excitatory and inhibitory balance for the regulation of synaptic strength.
An optimization method for designing stand alone photovoltaic system using iterative method

World's fuel sources are decreasing and global warming phenomena cause the urgency to search for alternative energy sources. Photovoltaic system has high potential since it is clean and environmental friendly. Standalone photovoltaic (SAPV) system is usually chosen as an alternative to grid utility, where excess to main grid is impossible. The system is designed to fulfill a specific load demand, close to its point of utilization. This paper presents SAPV system sizing and design that include sizing of PV modules, battery storages, charge controller and inverter using iterative method. Loss of power supply probability analysis is set as a benchmark to determine all possible configurations. Then, the optimum design is chosen based on the lowest levelized cost of energy. A case study on small-scale household load profile and hourly solar irradiance is employed to design this system. The findings indicate that the annual LCC for the proposed system is RM 632.08 with LCOE of RM 0.79/kWh.
Merged interaction regions at 1 AU

[1] We discuss the existence of large, complex merged interaction regions (MIRs) in the solar wind near Earth. MIRs can have configurations that cause more prolonged geomagnetic effects than a single flow structure. A MIR or successive MIRs can produce relatively long lasting Forbush decreases at 1 AU. We illustrate MIRs at 1 AU with two examples (MIR-1 and MIR-2) seen by WIND and ACE in the interval from 18 March through 29 March 2002. We determined the probable structure and origin of each in terms of interacting flows and shocks using in situ and solar observations, but we emphasize that there are uncertainties that cannot be resolved with these data alone. The MIRs were relatively large structures with radial extent ≈2/3 and 3/4 AU, respectively. MIR-1 was formed by interactions related to at least two complex ejecta, a magnetic cloud, and two shocks. MIR-2 was related to a corotating stream, the heliospheric plasma sheet (HPS), two complex ejecta, a magnetic cloud and at least two shocks. A MIR can evolve significantly while it moves to 1 AU, and memory of the conditions near the Sun is lost in the process. Thus one cannot unambiguously determine the structure of a MIR and the manner in which it formed using observations from a single spacecraft at 1 AU. The magnetic field strength profiles in MIRs are not correlated with the speed and density profiles so that one cannot infer the magnetic field strength in MIRs from remote sensing observation that give density and speed information. It will be possible to better understand the dynamical processes leading to the formation of MIRs with remote sensing observations, but they cannot measure the magnetic fields in MIRs.
Double renal allografts successfully increase utilization of kidneys from older donors within a single organ procurement organization.

BACKGROUND In 1994, a policy of double renal allografting (DUAL) was used at two centers within our local organ procurement organization to increase utilization of kidneys from older donors that would otherwise be discarded. Both kidneys from an older donor (age > 60 years) were selectively transplanted into a single adult recipient. METHODS The relative impact of a DUAL policy on the utilization of older donor kidneys is examined for the period of April 1994 to April 1996. Actual utilization is compared with the hypothetical case in which a DUAL policy is not present. RESULTS In the actual setting, a total of 75 kidneys from older donors (> 60 years) were accepted for transplantation. Thirty-six kidneys were transplanted as singlets, and 16 additional kidneys were transplanted as DUAL renal allografts. Thus, a 44% increase in transplantable kidneys, and a 22% increase in patients transplanted with kidneys from older donors, was realized. In the actual setting, 23 older kidneys were discarded; without the DUAL policy, 39 kidneys would have been deemed untransplantable. When compared with the actual (n = 52) and hypothetical number of kidneys transplanted without a policy of DUAL transplantation (n = 36), the DUAL policy significantly increased the utilization of older donor kidneys (P = 0.01). The actuarial 1-year graft survival rate of the dual kidneys was 100%, with a mean follow-up of 11.1 +/- 2.9 months. Mean 6-month and 1-year serum creatinine level were 1.76 +/- 0.4 and 1.63 +/- 0.6 mg/dl, respectively. CONCLUSIONS A DUAL policy significantly increased the number of older donor kidneys transplanted in a single organ procurement organization and reduced the rate of discard of older donor kidneys over a 2-year period. Long-term follow-up is necessary to substantiate satisfactory graft function in DUAL from older donors.
EMG of arm and forearm muscle activities with regard to handgrip force in relation to upper limb location

The aim of the study was to assess the maximum force of the handgrip depending on four different upper limb locations and to analyse the influence of limb location on muscle activities connected with the handgrip force. Five upper limb and shoulder muscles were examined: extensor carpi radialis longus, flexor carpi ulnaris, biceps brachii caput breve, deltoideus pars anterior and trapezius pars descendent. The results showed that the four upper limb locations chosen are differentiated by the value of maximum handgrip force. The study also confirmed the hypothesis that upper limb location influences the component of muscle activity which is responsible for handgrip force exertion. Such a phenomenon was especially obvious in extensor carpi radialis and deltoid pars anterior muscles. The activity of the flexor carpi ulnaris and biceps brachii caput breve muscles although strongly connected with handgrip force exertion was not sensitive to upper limb location.
Germline TP53 mutations and Li‐Fraumeni syndrome

There are now reports of nearly 250 independent germline TP53 (p53) mutations in over 100 publications. Such mutations are typically associated with Li‐Fraumeni or Li‐Fraumeni‐like syndrome, although many have been identified in cohorts of patients with tumors considered to be typical of LFS. In general, the spectrum of mutations that has been detected in the germline reflects that found in tumors, although there are some notable exceptions in certain tumor types. Detailed knowledge of the pedigrees allows a comprehensive analysis of genotype–phenotype correlations and an understanding of the tumors that are associated with germline TP53 mutations. This review will discuss the spectrum of mutations and the methods for mutation detection, the tumors associated with inheritance of a germline mutation, and some of the ethical and clinical problems in patients with a germline TP53 mutation. Hum Mutat 21:313–320, 2003. © 2003 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Neuropeptide Y delays hippocampal kindling in the rat

Chronic intrahippocampal infusion of the neurotrophin brain‐derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) has been shown to delay kindling epileptogenesis in the rat and several lines of evidence suggest that neuropeptide Y could mediate these inhibitory effects. Chronic infusion of BDNF leads to a sustained overexpression of neuropeptide Y in the hippocampus, which follows a time course similar to that of the suppressive effects of BDNF on kindling. In vivo, acute applications of neuropeptide Y or agonists of its receptors exert anticonvulsant properties, especially on seizures of hippocampal origin. In this study, we examined how chronic infusion of this neuropeptide in the hippocampus affected kindling epileptogenesis. A 7‐day continuous infusion of neuropeptide Y in the hippocampus delayed the progression of hippocampal kindling in the rat, whereas anti‐neuropeptide Y immunoglobulins had an aggravating effect. These results show that neuropeptide Y exerts anti‐epileptogenic properties on seizures originating within the hippocampus and lend support to the hypothesis that BDNF delays kindling at least in part through upregulation of this neuropeptide. They also suggest that the seizure‐induced upregulation of neuropeptide Y constitutes an endogenous mechanism counteracting excessive hippocampal excitability. Hippocampus 2003;13:557–560. © 2003 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
CHILDHOOD TRAUMA AND AUDITORY VERBAL HALLUCINATIONS

Background Hallucinations have consistently been associated with traumatic experiences during childhood. This association appears strongest between physical and sexual abuse and auditory verbal hallucinations (AVH). It remains unclear whether traumatic experiences mainly colour the content of AVH or whether childhood trauma triggers the vulnerability to experience hallucinations in general. In order to investigate the association between hallucinations, childhood trauma and the emotional content of hallucinations, experienced trauma and phenomenology of AVH were investigated in non-psychotic individuals and in patients with a psychotic disorder who hear voices. Method A total of 127 non-psychotic individuals with frequent AVH, 124 healthy controls and 100 psychotic patients with AVH were assessed for childhood trauma. Prevalence of childhood trauma was compared between groups and the relation between characteristics of voices, especially emotional valence of content, and childhood trauma was investigated. Results Both non-psychotic individuals with AVH and patients with a psychotic disorder and AVH experienced more sexual and emotional abuse compared with the healthy controls. No difference in the prevalence of traumatic experiences could be observed between the two groups experiencing AVH. In addition, no type of childhood trauma could distinguish between positive or negative emotional valence of the voices and associated distress. No correlations were found between sexual abuse and emotional abuse and other AVH characteristics. Conclusions These results suggest that sexual and emotional trauma during childhood render a person more vulnerable to experience AVH in general, which can be either positive voices without associated distress or negative voices as part of a psychotic disorder.
Partially Supervised Text Classification with Multi-Level Examples

Partially supervised text classification has received great research attention since it only uses positive and unlabeled examples as training data. This problem can be solved by automatically labeling some negative (and more positive) examples from unlabeled examples before training a text classifier. But it is difficult to guarantee both high quality and quantity of the new labeled examples. In this paper, a multi-level example based learning method for partially supervised text classification is proposed, which can make full use of all unlabeled examples. A heuristic method is proposed to assign possible labels to unlabeled examples and partition them into multiple levels according to their labeling confidence. A text classifier is trained on these multi-level examples using weighted support vector machines. Experiments show that the multi-level example based learning method is effective for partially supervised text classification, and outperforms the existing popular methods such as Biased-SVM, ROC-SVM, S-EM and WL.