Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Deep Radiogenomics of Lower-Grade Gliomas: Convolutional Neural Networks Predict Tumor Genomic Subtypes Using MR Images.

Purpose To employ deep learning to predict genomic subtypes of lower-grade glioma (LLG) tumors based on their appearance at MRI. Materials and Methods Imaging data from The Cancer Imaging Archive and genomic data from The Cancer Genome Atlas from 110 patients from five institutions with lower-grade gliomas (World Health Organization grade II and III) were used in this study. A convolutional neural network was trained to predict tumor genomic subtype based on the MRI of the tumor. Two different deep learning approaches were tested: training from random initialization and transfer learning. Deep learning models were pretrained on glioblastoma MRI, instead of natural images, to determine if performance was improved for the detection of LGGs. The models were evaluated using area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) with cross-validation. Imaging data and annotations used in this study are publicly available. Results The best performing model was based on transfer learning from glioblastoma MRI. It achieved AUC of 0.730 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.605, 0.844) for discriminating cluster-of-clusters 2 from others. For the same task, a network trained from scratch achieved an AUC of 0.680 (95% CI: 0.538, 0.811), whereas a model pretrained on natural images achieved an AUC of 0.640 (95% CI: 0.521, 0.763). Conclusion These findings show the potential of utilizing deep learning to identify relationships between cancer imaging and cancer genomics in LGGs. However, more accurate models are needed to justify clinical use of such tools, which might be obtained using substantially larger training datasets.Supplemental material is available for this article. © RSNA, 2020.
The Effect of Mean Platelet Volume on the Patients with Nasal Polyps

With great eagerness, we have read the study in your journal entitled “Mean platelet volume in nasal polyps” by Aktas et al (1). We would like to make some comments about this study. In recent years, many studies, which state there is a significant relation between the decrease of mean platelet volume (MPV) and inflammatory burden of several diseases, have been published (2–4). Besides this, some studies that search for the relation between nasal polyps and MPV have been reported (1, 5). In the results of these studies, there are conflicting comments about the effect of MPV value to nasal polyps. Although a good number of assertive results have been announced in these studies, sufficient usage area of MPV value measurement has not occurred in the follow-up and treatment of patients clinically as there is no fully standardized method of this parameter. Some of the factors that affect the standardization of MPV measurement are the environment of blood-taking, type and amount of anticoagulant in the blood collection tube, the duration between blood-taking and examination, the device of examination and the calibration time of the device (6). It has been reported that there are measurement differences up to 40% even among the devices in the studies, in which different devices were used (7, 8). In this study, the fact that the MPV value has been found lower in the patients with nasal polyps in proportion to the control group is agreeable with the literature the information. However, MPV value is a very variable parameter and if we think the lifetime of thrombocyte is between seven and 10 days, this change in MPV expressed at the end of the study may arise from many other factors as waiting for three months for controlled MPV can cause variance to haemogram parameters. While haemoglobin and thrombocyte count values between the control and patient groups were stated in the study, the values of pre-operative and postoperative patient groups and the changes in these values were not stated. Moreover, it is not clear how long the blood samples were taken from test subjects stayed in the tube with ethylenediamine tetraacetic acid (EDTA) and when the blood count was made. At the same time, the patients chosen for the study were well excluded in terms of cardiac disease and it is not easy to say that cardiovascular disease risk will decrease in three months in this case group that has essentially no cardiovascular disease risk. As a consequence, even if MPV has been associated with many illnesses recently, it does not seem possible to evaluate these results with inflammatory diseases in the limited studies state that MPV value is decreased in the patients with nasal polyps. In order to make better comments about this issue, we think that different and prospective studies should be done and the long-term follow-up results of these cases evaluated.
Polymorphism Analysis of FMO3 Gene in Two Strains Quails

In this study, polymorphism of FMO3 genes in French giant quail and Savimit quail was tested by PCR technology and hybrid DNA pool sequencing technology. The results show that, one SNPs mutation site (A66G) was detected from the exon 2 of FMO3, the A and G allele frequencies of A66G in French giant quail and Savimit quail were 0.586/0.414 and 0.395/0.605. Two SNPs mutation sites (A139T and C187T) were detected from the exon 4 of FMO3, A and T allele frequencies of A139T in French giant quail and Savimit quail were 0.630/0.370 and 1.000 /0.000, C and T allele frequencies of C187T in French giant quail and Savimit quail were 0.256/0.744 and 0.763/0.237, respectively. Two mutation sites (A39G and A41T) were detected from exon 7, A and G allele frequencies of A39G in French giant quail and Savimit quail were 0.769/0.231 and 0.190 /0.810, A and T allele frequencies of A41T were 0.107/0.893 and 0.000/1.000. One SNPs mutation site (C219T) was detected from exon 9, C and T allele frequencies of C219T in French giant quail and Savimit quail were 0.250/0.750 and 0.250/0.750, respectively. According to clustering analysis, 10 different livestock species were finally clustered into three groups. Quail had close genetic relationship with jungle fowl and they were clustered into one group. The tropical xenopus was clustered into the second group. The rest animals were clustered into the third group.
Metabolic Syndrome (MS): Definition, Classification and Potential Associated Factors. -

Many lifestyle-related risk factors for cardiovascular disease have been identified. The most powerful and consistent risk factors for cardiovascular disease (CVD) are dyslipidemia, hypertension, obesity (particularly central obesity) and diabetes mellitus, which are also known as metabolic syndrome. It is also commonly used term was insulin resistance syndrome (Syndrome X). At present, there is various accepted definition of the metabolic syndrome. When comparing to the defining level between The Adult Treatment Panel III (ATPIII) and World Health Organization (WHO), a higher blood pressure was required in WHO than in ATPIII. Instead of waist circumferences in ATPIII, body mass index (or increased waist: hip ratio) was used in WHO. The requirement of objective evidence of insulin resistance in WHO requirement should give more power to predict diabetes than does ATPIII, but like ATPIII, the presence of type 2 diabetes does not exclude a diagnosis of metabolic syndrome. The differences in diagnostic criteria for this syndrome are partially responsible for variations in the reported prevalence among different studies. Metabolic syndrome is correlated with different possible factors which may associate and predict its existence and intensity. Some of these factors are explained in this review.
Photovoltaic power station identification using refined encoder–decoder network with channel attention and chained residual dilated convolutions

Abstract. The quantity and distribution of photovoltaic power stations play an important role in policymaking related to clean energy. High-resolution satellite imagery with a wide field of view enables photovoltaic power station monitoring at low cost. The separability varies greatly due to distinct backgrounds in different regions, which makes photovoltaic power station identification a challenging task. We propose an end-to-end semantic segmentation network to identify photovoltaic power stations under multiple complex backgrounds in Gaofen 1 imageries. Our network adopts the encoder–decoder architecture in which three modules between the encoder and decoder are added, i.e., feature refinement residual module (FRRM), chained dilation attention module (CDAM), and global channel attention module (GCAM). FRRM uses the structure of residual connection to refine the features from each stage of the encoder. CDAM consisting of chained residual dilated convolutions with different dilation rates and channel attention can enlarge the receptive field without reducing image resolution and select useful features. GCAM utilizes high-level features containing rich semantic information as a guide to select more discriminative low-level features. Experiments demonstrate the effectiveness of each module and the ability of the proposed network to improve photovoltaic power station identification under complex backgrounds.
Prenatal environmental exposures and child neurodevelopment in Project Viva

Background: The prenatal period is a critical window for neurodevelopment and is particularly sensitive to toxicant exposure. Traffic-related air pollution and perand polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) are two classes of potential developmental toxicants to which pregnant women are ubiquitously exposed. Objectives: In a cohort of children, characterize in utero exposure to traffic-related air pollution and PFASs and examine the effects of these exposures on childhood assessments of neurodevelopment. Methods: Analyses were conducted in Project Viva, a longitudinal Boston-area birth cohort enrolled during 1999‒2002. In mid-childhood (at age 6‒10), children completed assessments of cognitive function and mothers and classroom teachers assessed executive function and behavior problems in children using validated questionnaires. Estimates of traffic-related pollutant exposures, residential proximity to major roadways, and nearresidence traffic density were generated for periods in pregnancy and childhood. Stored maternal plasma from pregnancy was analyzed for concentrations of four common PFASs: perfluorooctanoate (PFOA), perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS), perfluorohexane sulfonate (PFHxS), and perfluorononanoate (PFNA). We modeled associations of vi exposures with neurodevelopmental assessment scores, adjusted for potential confounders. Results: Living within 50 meters of a major roadway at birth predicted lower non-verbal intelligence, verbal intelligence, and visual motor abilities in mid-childhood. Children with higher black carbon exposure during childhood had greater teacher-assessed problems with behavior regulation, but prenatal traffic exposures were not associated with greater problems. Children with higher prenatal exposure to PFOA scored lower on assessments of verbal IQ and visual motor abilities, but children with the highest levels of PFOS and PFNA exposure appeared to have better scores on some cognitive assessments (verbal IQ, non-verbal IQ and design memory for PFOS and verbal IQ, design memory and picture memory for PFNA). Conclusions: The influence of exposure to traffic-related pollution and PFASs on neurodevelopment varied across pollutants, exposure windows, and neurobehavioral domains. Results suggested that residential proximity to major roadways during gestation adversely affected cognitive development. Prenatal exposure to traffic-related pollution did not predict greater neurobehavioral problems, but childhood exposure appeared to influence behavioral regulation. Observed associations of prenatal PFAS exposure with childhood cognition differed across studied compounds and cognitive assessments, suggesting both deleterious and protective effects.
Robust position observer for sensorless direct voltage control of stand-alone ship shaft brushless doubly-fed induction generators

 Abstract—The aim of this paper is to investigate an adaptive sensorless direct voltage control (DVC) strategy for the stand-alone ship shaft brushless doubly-fed induction generators (BDFIGs). The proposed new rotor position observer using the space vector flux relations of BDFIG may achieve the desired voltage control of the power winding (PW) in terms of magnitude and frequency, without any speed/position sensors. The proposed algorithm does not require any additional observers for obtaining the generator speed. The proposed technique can directly achieve the desired DVC based on the estimated rotor position, which may reduce the overall system cost. The stability analysis of the proposed observer is investigated and confirmed with the concept of quadratic Lyapunov function and using the multi-model representation. In addition, the sensitivity analysis of the presented method is confirmed under different issues of parameter uncertainties. Comprehensive results from both simulation and experiments are realized with a prototype wound-rotor BDFIG, which demonstrate the capability and efficacy of the proposed sensorless DVC strategy with good transient behavior under different operating conditions. Furthermore, the analysis confirms the robustness of the proposed observer via the machine parameter changes.
Is Health Care Support Associated with Better Educational Achievement in Sensorineural Hearing Impaired Students with Overlooked Recurrent Otitis Media

Background: Otitismediaisanimportanthealthcareprobleminschool-agechildren. Moreover,theprevalenceof allergicrhinitis, amajorandcommoncauseof otitismedia,isincreasingamongchildren. Recurrentotitismediamayoccurwithoutanynoticeable symptoms and aﬀect the auditory threshold (AT). Only a few decibles increase in hearing loss does not have the same eﬀect on the hearing ability of individuals with diﬀerent degrees of hearing loss. With this background in mind, in this study, we aimed to determine whether diagnosis and medical treatment of overlooked recurrent otitis media are associated with the educational achievement of students with sensorineural hearing impairment. Methods: The present study with a pretest-posttest design was conducted on 30 students (aged 12 - 20 years) with bilateral sensorineural hearing impairment, AT above 30 dB HL in the better ear, and recurrent (2 episodes) middle ear infection over 9 months during 2012 - 2014. The participants were examined regularly and received medical treatment when indicated. The mean scores of total average, Persian literature (eg, reading, writing, and spelling), and mathematics were measured to assess the subjects’ educational achievement. Results: Based on the ﬁndings, the total average scores signiﬁcantly changed from 16.2 to 17.2. Also, the students’ Persian literature (from16.8to18)andmathematics(from13.8to16.7)scoresweresigniﬁcantlyimproved. Inaddition,ATconsiderablydecreasedafter the medical intervention (from 73 ± 14.7 to 56.3 ± 13.8 dB HL). Conclusions: It seems that detection and treatment of overlooked middle ear infection in hearing impaired students, as part of comprehensive health care services, can improve their AT, diminish their hearing disabilities, and ameliorate their educational diﬃculties; consequently, provision of health care services is associated with better educational achievement.
Assessing physical activity in the elderly: a comparative study of most popular questionnaires

Introduction. During assessing physical activity researchers often use self-reported methods which may not meet psychometric standards and can lead to false results due to the application of inaccurate or wrongly chosen tools. Aim of Study. The aim of this paper was to compile a list of most popular questionnaires used for assessing physical activity among the elderly and to examine their qualitative and psychometric characteristics. Methods. An analysis of articles published in international scientific journals on the topic of physical activity assessment among elderly people was performed in order to select reliable and valid questionnaires. Results. Twenty-one papers containing information on psychometric criteria of eleven questionnaires were analyzed. The majority of reliability and validity studies were performed on the PASE and YPAS questionnaires. In terms of objectivity, the best ones turned out to be the CHAMPS, IPAQ, PAQE, PASE, and YPAS questionnaires. The highest reliability assessment scores were given to the APAFOP, PAR, PAQE, and QAPSE questionnaires. The best validation scores with objective methods assessing physical activity were carried out for the APAFOP, PAQE, PASE, and YPAS questionnaires. Conclusions. Among the analyzed questionnaires, the best one in terms of objectivity, standardization, validity, and reliability was the Yale Physical Activity Survey (YPAS).
Implementation of Transformational Leadership Style in Improving the Quality of Institutions

One of the biggest problems faced by educational institutions is a crisis of trust in society because the quality of these institutions is included in the low category. The role of the principal in this case must be in accordance with the duties, authority, and overall responsibility. The purpose of this study is to find out transformational leadership can support the realization of quality educational institutions and examine further related factors supporting and inhibiting them. The data in this study were obtained by interview, observation and documentation study. Based on the analysis, the results show that: (1) the application of transformational leadership style in Vocational School (SMK) Dwija Bhakti 2 Jombang; and (2) strategies for improving the quality of educational institutions through transformational leadership styles at SMK Dwija Bhakti 2 Jombang. Abstract: transformational leadership style, quality of institutions transformational leadership style, quality of institutions
Dilema Pemberlakuan PP. No. 78 Tahun 2015 Tentang Pengupahan: Disparitas yang Kian Melebar

This study aims to examine the implementation of wage system in Indonesia based on Law No. 13/2003 and Government Regulation No. 78/2015 on labor conditions in Jabodetabek. The urgency of this study with regard to wage conditions in Indonesia that are still visible lags tend to widen the gap between workers and employers. Itâ€™s a policy study by collecting secondary data and then analyzed into a conclusion and a recommendation. Descriptive qualitative study method used data collection techniques such as: documentation of literature study, discussion and grouping of research object data. The results of the study indicate that the new formula in determining the minimum wage and annual wage increase in Indonesia has been implemented based on PP no. 78 years 2015 which is based on inflation rate and economic growth. The new formula of minimum wage determination is opposed by the workers on the basis of not accommodating the fulfillment of life-worth needs and narrowing the rights of workers in democracy demanding a decent wage increase. Entrepreneurs view PP Wage has not accommodate the condition of UMKMÂ in the implementation of minimum wage that requires the structure of wages and wage scale (SUSU). The Regional Representative Council of the Republic of Indonesia (DPD RI), which is preparing the Wage System Bill, needs field data and facts related to the current wage condition. The important recommendations that can be considered by the DPD RI in the preparation of the Wage System Bill is the refinement of the legislative materials related to the evaluation of the components of Decent Living Needs (KHL) once in five years, the establishment of policies on the implementation of SUSU for UMKM and strengthening the supervisory function in the field of manpower especially in the regions
A comparative study of nonlinear circle criterion based observer and H∞ observer for induction motor drive

This paper deals with a comparative study of circle criterion based nonlinear observer and H∞ observer for induction motor (IM) drive. The advantage of the circle criterion approach for nonlinear observer design is that it directly handles the nonlinearities of the system with less restriction conditions in contrast of the other methods which attempt to eliminate them. However the H∞ observer guaranteed the stability taking into account disturbance and noise attenuation. Linear matrix inequality (LMI) optimization approach is used to compute the gains matrices for the two observers. The simulation results show the superiority of H∞ observer in the sense that it can achieve convergence to the true state, despite the nonlinearity of model and the presence of disturbance.
Curse or Cure? The relationship between food aid and food security in Sub-Saharan Africa: the cases of Mozambique and Kenya

ii Opsomming . iii Acknowledgements . iv List of Tables . v List of Figures . vi List of Maps . vi List of Acronymns . vii Chapter One: Introduction to the study . 1 1.
Gate-voltage-driven quantum oscillations in the microwave third-harmonic response of electron-doped graphene nanoribbons

Microwave third-harmonic response of narrow graphene nanoribbons (GNRs) is studied by employing Boltzmann equation techniques. It is assumed that the GNRs are electron-doped by electrostatic gating. We predict gate-voltage-driven periodic quantum oscillations of the microwave third-harmonic output power from such GNRs, resulting from the confinement-induced quantization of the Dirac energy dispersion cones into a set of energy subbands at the bottom of which the electronic density of states exhibits the Van Hove square-root singularities. The oscillations are shown to have a large enough amplitude ( ∼ several tens of decibel-milliwatts) and should be observable in narrow GNRs of width ∼ 10 nm even at room temperature.Microwave third-harmonic response of narrow graphene nanoribbons (GNRs) is studied by employing Boltzmann equation techniques. It is assumed that the GNRs are electron-doped by electrostatic gating. We predict gate-voltage-driven periodic quantum oscillations of the microwave third-harmonic output power from such GNRs, resulting from the confinement-induced quantization of the Dirac energy dispersion cones into a set of energy subbands at the bottom of which the electronic density of states exhibits the Van Hove square-root singularities. The oscillations are shown to have a large enough amplitude ( ∼ several tens of decibel-milliwatts) and should be observable in narrow GNRs of width ∼ 10 nm even at room temperature.
Canine Neurodynamik – Basics

Damit sich ein Hund ohne Einschränkung bewegen kann, müssen verschiedene Voraussetzungen erfüllt sein. Ein Erfordernis ist unter anderem die uneingeschränkte Beweglichkeit des Nervensystems (Neurodynamik). Ist diese nicht gegeben, ist das Tier in seiner Bewegung limitiert. Können sich die Dura mater spinalis und der N. ischiadicus beispielsweise nicht genug entfalten, ist der Hund nicht in der Lage, sich hinter dem Ohr zu kratzen.
American students in Mexican schools: gaps and challenges for inclusion. Ethnographic contributions from Oaxaca, Mexico

This paper analyzes the school insertion of American minors of Mexican origin in the state of Oaxaca. This is one of the Mexican states which is most affected by the return of Mexican migrants due to the tightening of the Trump administration's immigration policy. The findings show that these children go through differentiated school trajectories in Oaxaca due to their immigration status, which causes social and educational exclusion and has important consequences for their present and future life.