Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Efficient Computation of Minmax Tests for Fault Isolation and Their Application to Structural Damage Localization

Fault detection and isolation can be handled by many different approaches. This paper builds upon a hypothesis test that checks whether the mean of a Gaussian random vector has become non-zero in the faulty state, based on a chi2 test. For fault isolation, it has to be decided which components in the parameter set of the Gaussian vector have changed, which is done by variants of the chi2 hypothesis test using the so-called sensitivity and minmax approaches. While only the sensitivity of the tested parameter component is taken into account in the sensitivity approach, the sensitivities of all parameters are used in the minmax approach, leading to better statistical properties at the expense of an increased computational burden. The computation of the respective test variable in the minmax test is cumbersome and may be ill-conditioned especially for large parameter sets, asking hence for a careful numerical evaluation. Furthermore, the fault isolation procedure requires the repetitive calculation of the test variable for each of the parameter components that are tested for a change, which may be a significant computational burden. In this paper, dealing with the minmax problem, we propose a new efficient computation for the test variables, which is based on a simultaneous QR decomposition for all parameters. Based on this scheme, we propose an efficient test computation for a large parameter set, leading to a decrease in the numerical complexity by one order of magnitude in the total number of parameters. Finally, we show how the minmax test is useful for structural damage localization, where an asymptotically Gaussian residual vector is computed from output-only vibration data of a mechanical or a civil structure.
Cotton Producer Awareness and Participation in Cost-Sharing Programs for Precision Nutrient-Management Technology

Factors influencing adoption of variable-rate nutrient management (VRM) and georeferenced precision soil sampling (PSS) for fertilizer management among cotton producers and the factors affecting awareness of and participation in cost-share programs encouraging the adoption of nutrient-management practices were analyzed using multivariate probit regression with sample selection. Data were collected from a fourteen-state cotton producer survey. Factors including farm size, operator age, and farm location were correlated with the adoption of VRM and PSS, awareness of cost-sharing programs, and program participation. The results may help agencies target farms with the specific attributes most likely to participate in cost-share programs.
Routes towards the experimental observation of the large fluctuations due to chaos-assisted tunneling effects with cold atoms

In the presence of a complex classical dynamics associated with a mixed phase space, a quantum wave function can tunnel between two stable islands through the chaotic sea, an effect that has no classical counterpart. This phenomenon, referred to as chaos-assisted tunneling, is characterized by large fluctuations of the tunneling rate when a parameter is varied. To date, the full extent of this effect as well as the associated statistical distribution have never been observed in a quantum system. Here, we analyze the possibility of characterizing these effects accurately in a cold-atom experiment. Using realistic values of the parameters of an experimental setup, we examine through analytical estimates and extensive numerical simulations a specific system that can be implemented with cold atoms, the atomic modulated pendulum. We assess the efficiency of three possible routes to observe in detail chaos-assisted tunneling properties. Our main conclusion is that due to the fragility of the symmetry between positive and negative momenta as a function of quasimomentum, it is very challenging to use tunneling between classical islands centered on fixed points with opposite momentum. We show that it is more promising to use islands symmetric in position space, and characterize the regime where it could be done. The proposed experiment could be realized with current state-of-the-art technology.
Antarctic subglacial hydrology: current knowledge and future challenges

Abstract Flood-carved landforms across the deglaciated terrain of Victoria Land, East Antarctica, provide convincing geomorphological evidence for the existence of subglacial drainage networks beneath the Antarctic ice sheet, and motivate research into the inaccessible environment beneath the contemporary ice sheet. Through this research, our understanding of Antarctic subglacial hydrology is steadily building, and this paper presents an overview of the current state of knowledge. The conceptualization of subglacial hydrological behaviour was developed at temperate and Arctic glaciers, and is thus less mature in the Antarctic. Geophysical and remote sensing observations have demonstrated that many subglacial lakes form part of a highly dynamic network of subglacial drainage beneath the Antarctic ice sheet. Recent research into subglacial water flows, other than those directly concerned with lakes, has discovered potentially significant impacts on ice stream dynamics, ice sheet mass balance, and supplies of water to the ocean potentially affecting circulation and nutrient productivity. Despite considerable advances in understanding there remain a number of grand challenges that must be overcome in order to improve our knowledge of these subglacial hydrological processes.
In Vitro Activity of Pithecellobium Dulce and Lysiloma Acapulcensis on Exogenous Development Stages of Sheep Gastrointestinal Strongyles

An experiment was conducted to evaluate the effects of two lyophilised aqueous extracts of Lysiloma acapulcensis (LAE) and Phitecellobium dulce (PDE) tree leaves on in vitro assessment of hatching of eggs, larval development and migration of gastrointestinal nematodes of sheep using a general linear model. Treatments contained extracts from both species at concentrations of 0, 125, 250 and 500 µg/mL. Both albendazole and levamisole were used at a level of 1% as positive control. The extract of LAE, compared to PDE, showed better inhibition (P<0.05) of egg hatching. Different doses of both the LAE and PDE extracts showed a larvicidal effect (P<0.05) on all larvae exposed to different doses of the extracts. In the larval migration assay, a similar effect with levamisole at doses of 250 and 500 µg/mL occurred with the LAE extract. The extract of P. dulce had a lower larvicidal effect (P<0.05) than levamisole and L. acapulcensis extracts. Using aqueous extracts of both species of L. acapulcensis and P. dulce could be a promising alternative to synthetic anthelmintics as treatments of gastrointestinal nematodes of sheep in organic and conventional production systems under subtropical conditions.
Quantum Bubble Polarization in Curved Spacetime

The conventional singular hot big bang scenario is questioned. A new model which does not include an initial singularity g00 = ∞ at t = 0, neither a brief period of exponential expansion a(t)~eHt is considered. The main parameters T and ρ are kept finite. The beginning of the universe we occupy is revisited in the framework of quantum field theory in curved spacetime. However, a straightforward alternative mechanism for not only solving the most fundamental problems in modern cosmology-flatness problem, horizon problem and magnetic monopole problem, but even suppressing their number is provided. In the particular paper, we discuss the essential role quantum entanglement plays in the structure of the spacetime and the apparent contradiction between quantum mechanics and general relativity in terms of classical field theory in 3 + 1 dimensions.
Prey switching of cod and whiting in the North Sea

ABSTRACT: Predator–prey switching may stabilise predator–prey interactions, promote co-exis-tence of prey that share a common predator, and increase the overall stability of homogeneous sys-tems of interacting species. This study presents an investigation of prey switching of 2 major NorthSea fish predators, cod Gadus morhua and whiting Merlangius merlangus . Relative food compositionderived from analysis of more than 36000 stomachs is compared to the relative density of fish preyreflected by trawl survey catches, and generalised linear models are used to examine how preyswitching is affected by predator length and prey species and length. Possible effects of stomachsample size and predator density are also investigated. Prey preference is a decreasing function ofthe relative density of the prey (negative prey switching), in particular for large cod (40 to 100 cm). This was neither the result of variations in stomach sample size, nor of changes in local predatorabundance. If not counteracted by compensatory changes in spatial overlap or total food intake, neg-ative switching is likely to destabilise the interactions between cod and whiting and their fish prey. KEY WORDS: Prey switching · Piscivorous fishes · North Sea · Ecosystem stability
A note on the impedance variation with feed position of a rectangular microstrip-patch antenna

The variation with feed position of the input impedance of a rectangular patch antenna is investigated theoretically. Two different feed types are examined: an inset microstrip line, and a coaxial probe. The finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) technique is used for the calculations. Numerical results are compared with published measurements and other theoretical models.
HEPARANASE EXPRESSION IN RENAL INTERSTITIAL MAY CONTRIBUTE TO EPITHELIAL AND ENDOTHELIAL CELLS INJURIES AFTER KIDNEY ISCHEMIC/ REPERFUSION EPISODE IN MICE

Kidney ischemia/reperfusion injury (I/R) is the most frequent cause of acute kidney injury (AKI). It had been reported that epithelial and endothelial injuries occurred during kidney I/R injury. Heparanase is an enzyme that degrades glycocalyx and contributes to I/R injury in the heart and liver. This study is to elucidate the association between heparanase expression and cell injuries in kidney I/R injury. We performed kidney I/R injury model in mice using renal pedicle clamping for 30 minutes and sacrificed the mice in day 1 (n=6) after operation. Sham-operation procedure (SO, n=5) was used as control. PAS staining was used to quantify tubular injury score. Serum creatinine was measured from orbital venous. Heparanase expression was quantified using western blot and real-time PCR. Heparanase localization and endothelial injury were shown by immunostaining of heparanase and double glycocalyx-von Willebrand factor. Kidney I/R induced an increase of serum creatinine level that was accompanied by elevation of tubular injury score and glycocalyx damage. Glycocalyx damage was identified using immunofluorescent staining that revealed a disruption of glycocalyx or lectin layer in the endothelial cells of intra-renal artery. This finding was associated with significant elevation of heparanase mRNA and protein level expression. We found that heparanase was expressed in the renal epithelial and interstitial cells. In conclusion, heparanase may induce endothelial and epithelial injury in the kidney I/R episode. Using heparanase expression as a early marker of AKI may possibly promising. Keywords: kidney I/R, epithelial injury, endothelial injury, heparanase, glycocalyx
BMO Space and its relation with wavelet theory

The aim of this paper is a) if P1=1 a 2 <1 then P1=1 akrk(x)2 BMO that frk(x)g is Rademacher system. b) P1=1 ak! nk (x) 2 BMO;2 k nk < 2 k+1 thatf! n(x)g is Walsh system. c) Ifjakj < 1 then P1=1 ak! k(x)2 BMO.
Effect of drying process and flour with cassava flours at different ratios properties and anti

drying process and partial substitution at different ratio on 1.99±0.06 mg/100g in each oven dried chips of both varieties 3.88±0.0 and 3.62±0.11 mg/g in ove ±0.07 and 4.41±0.11 mg/g in sun dried Kello and Qulle flour samples, in the r 10 % sun dried Kello flour containing process and farinograph properties. source in the tropics after rice and maize especially for developing countries in Africa, Asia and advantages over other crops particularly; in many of the developing world is its outstanding ecological adaptation, low rheological
EFFECT OF STRAIN, SEASON AND BREEDER'S AGE ON SOME PHYSIOLOGICAL PARAMETERS FOR LAYER DEAD EMBRYO

The effect of breederʼs strain (Hy-line Brown and Hy-line White W36) flock aged (28, 36, 46, 55, 66 weeks of age) and breeding season on some physiological measurements in egg, demand organs, dead supply organs and lymphoid organs were examined. At each age, 10 unhatched eggs from each genotype were examined on embryo weight percentage, Chorioallotoic weight %, albumen pH %, yolk pH %, residual yolk %, pectoral muscles weight %, hatch muscles weight %, heart, liver, lunges, spleen, burse weight percentage. There was a significant difference between layer breeder genotypes for lunges weight percentage the brown was higher (0.84) than the white (0.62). The breeding season had a significant effect on heart, liver, lunges weight percentages in winter higher than summer but yolk pH and residual yolk the summer higher than the winter. Breeder's age significant effect on embryo weight percentage, Chorioallotoic weight %, albumen pH %, yolk pH%, residual yolk %, hatch muscles weight % heart, liver, lunges and burse weight percentage. It could be observed that the genetic differences among layer breeder strain and age of breeders can affect the hatchery performance. Additionally, handling of hatching eggs and incubation management can play a major role to overcome numerous hatching problems. In turn, increasing the production of table eggs and achieves the balance between supply and demand of that strategic commodity in Egyptian market.
The innovative potential of contextualising legal norms in processes of urban governance: the case of sustainable area development

The proposal epitomises the tension between policy and law, and investigates this dynamic relationship with regards to issues of sustainable area development in the transformative setting of urban peripheries. Cities face the challenge to integrate area development (housing, economy, infrastructure) in urban regions with the conditions of sustainability (environment, water). With regards to the tension between policy and law the proposal first notices the clash of two steering philosophies in practices of area development: on the one hand the model of ? interactive governance? , which turns away from formal pathways and aims at adaptive practices of co-production by stakeholders, thus making a positive use of specific regional circumstances, and, on the other hand, the existence of hierarchical policy regimes and legal rules at national and European level. By combining the different pragmatist and institutional motives, the researchers attempt an innovative approach, which is labelled as the ? contextualisation of legal and social rules? This model pays tribute to the value of general principal norms and legal rules in order to protect standards of environmental quality. However, the way in which the norms should be respected leaves room for different solutions and contextualisation under different regional circumstances. The research is planned in three international regions, respectively Randstad North, Metropolitan Paris and the Greater Manchester Region.
Detection of West Nile Virus in Mosquitoes in Nakhon-pathom and Phetchaburi Province, Thailand

บทคดยอ โรคเวสทไนล จดเปนโรคทกอใหเกดภาวะสมองอกเสบในมนษย และสตวเลยงลกดวยนม พบรายงานอยางเปนทางการของการระบาดโรคเวสทไนลในพนทตาง ๆ ทวโลก แตไมพบรายงานของการพบเชอไวรสเวสทไนลในประเทศไทย แมวาประเทศไทยจะตงอยในพนทเสยงของวฏจกรการเกดโรคเวสทไนล ดงนนวตถประสงคของการศกษาครงนคอ เพอสำรวจหาเชอไวรสเวสทไนลใน ตวอยางยงในแถบภาคกลางของประเทศ ภายในพนทจงหวดเพชรบร และจงหวดนครปฐม ในระหวางเดอนพฤศจกายน พ. ศ. 2551 ถง เดอนพฤศจกายน พ. ศ. 2553 ชนดของยงทถกดกจบไดประกอบดวย Aedes, Anopheles, Culex และ Mansonia โดยเฉพาะสายพนธ Culex เชน Culexgelidus และ Culex quinquefasciatus จดเปนกลมตวอยางทถกดกจบมากทสด ตวอยางยงกลมละ 50 ตวอยาง จำนวนทงหมด 50 กลมตวอยางมาตรวจหาเชอไวรสเวสทไนลโดยอาศยชดตรวจสอบยหอ Vectest® กรณทตรวจพบเชอไวรสเวสทไนลดวยชดตรวจสอบขางตน จะทำการยนยนผลซำดวยวธอารท พซอาร ผลการศกษาครงนไมพบเชอไวรสเวสทไนลในทกกลมตวอยางของยงททำการตรวจสอบจากทงชดตรวจสอบยหอ Vectest® และวธอารท พซอาร การศกษาครงนจดวาเปนการศกษาเบองตนเกยวกบเชอไวรสเวสทไนลในประเทศไทยขอมลทไดในการศกษาครงนจดเปนขอมลดานระบาดวทยา สำหรบการเฝาระวงอบตการณของโรคเวสทไนลในโฮสตทเปนกลมเสยงตามธรรมชาตตอไป คำสำคญ: การตรวจหา เชอไวรสเวสทไนล ยง Vectest® และ อารท พซอาร Abstract West Nile (WN) disease is one of the encephalitic diseases in humans and mammals. This disease has beenreported in several areas of the world. Thailand is located in the area of high risk of WN virus (WNv) infectionconcerning a natural transmission cycle. However, the WNv infection has not been previously reported. Therefore,the aim of this study was to detect WNv in mosquitoes in some areas in Nakhon-pathom and Phetchaburi provinces,central Thailand. The period of this study was done during November 2008 to November 2010. We found that therewere four genera collected including Aedes, Anopheles, Culex and Mansonia. Culex spp such as Culex gelidus andCulex quinquefasciatus was abundant and frequently collected. Fifty mosquitoes collected from each of the fifty poolswere tested for WNv by using the antigen test kit (Vectest®) and RT-PCR. All of the samples were negative for WNvin both methods. This is a preliminary report regarding WNv in mosquitoes in Thailand and concerned forepidemiology. Further study should be done to continue a close surveillance for the presence of the WNv in thenatural transmission host. Keywords: detection, mosquitoes, RT-PCR, VecTest®, West Nile virus
Nutrient potentials of two lesser known leafy vegetables (Vitex doniana L. and Sesamum indicum L.)

Two lesser known vegetables, Vitex doniana L. and Sesamum indicum L. consumed by the rural dwellers in Savannah region of Nigeria were subjected to chemical analyses in an effort to determine their nutrient potentials. Results showed that V. doniana and S. indicum contained (g/100 g dry weight) moisture (8.04, 10.26), crude protein (8.75, 18.37), crude fiber (15.58, 11.75), crude fat (5.10, 6.14), ash (7.92, 11.04) and carbohydrate (70.20, 54.21), respectively. Ascorbic acid contents (mg/100 g) of the vegetables were 24.60 and 53.80 while nutritive values (Kcal/g) were 361.70 and 345.55, respectively. Both vegetables were also good sources of calcium (3.36, 2.00 g/100 g), potassium (1.13, 2.04 g/100 g) and iron (0.12, 0.67 mg/kg). Copper, chromium, nickel and zinc were found in trace amount for S. indicum whereas these elements were present below the detection limit for V. doniana leaves. The levels of anti -nutrients in the leaves were found lower than the permissible limits and could not have any adverse nutritional effect on human. Thus, the vegetables could complement the conventional ones in enhancing food security and sustainable livelihood.
GROUND-BASED INFRARED MEASUREMENTS OF CARBONYL SULFIDE TOTAL COLUMN ABUNDANCES - LONG-TERM TRENDS AND VARIABILITY

Total vertical column abundances of carbonyl sulfide (OCS) have been derived from time series of high-resolution infrared solar absorption spectra recorded at the National Solar Observatory McMath solar telescope facility on Kitt Peak (altitude 2.09 km, latitude 31.9°N, longitude 111.6°W), southwest of Tucson, Arizona, and at the International Scientific Station of the Jungfraujoch (altitude 3.58 km, latitude 46.5°N, longitude 8.0°E), in the Swiss Alps. The analysis of both data sets is based on nonlinear least squares spectral fittings of narrow intervals centered on lines of the intense ν3 band of OCS, the P(37) transition at 2045.5788 cm−1 and the P(15) transition at 2055.8609 cm−1, with a consistent set of spectroscopic line parameters. The Kitt Peak measurements, recorded on 30 different days between May 1977 and March 1991, show a 10% peak-to-peak seasonal cycle with a summer maximum and a winter minimum and a trend in the total column abundance equal to (0.1 ± 0.2)% yr−1, 2σ. Jungfraujoch solar spectra recorded on 67 different days between October 1984 and April 1991 have been analyzed. The fitted trend in the Jungfraujoch total columns, (−0.1 ± 0.5)% yr−1, 2σ, is consistent with the Kitt Peak trend results within the errors. The Jungfraujoch total columns show a more complex seasonal variation than noted in the Kitt Peak data. The mean of the daily averaged total columns, 8.44 × 1015 molecules cm−2 above Kitt Peak and 6.41 × 1015 molecules cm−2 above the Jungfraujoch station, correspond respectively to mean tropospheric mixing ratios of 0.54 ± 0.04 and 0.52 ± 0.04 parts per billion by volume; these values are consistent with previously reported remote and in situ measurements. Taken together, the results from the two sites indicate that there has been no significant change in the OCS total column abundance at northern mid-latitudes over the last decade.
Adaptive State-Feedback Stabilization for Stochastic Nonholonomic Mobile Robots with Unknown Parameters

The stabilizing problem of stochastic nonholonomic mobile robots with uncertain parameters is addressed in this paper. The nonholonomic mobile robots with kinematic unknown parameters are extended to the stochastic case. Based on backstepping technique, adaptive state-feedback stabilizing controllers are designed for nonholonomic mobile robots with kinematic unknown parameters whose linear velocity and angular velocity are subject to some stochastic disturbances simultaneously. A switching control strategy for the original system is presented. The proposed controllers that guarantee the states of closed-loop system are asymptotically stabilized at the zero equilibrium point in probability.
Editorial Introduction: Vulnerability, Coping and Policy

¡OS fjullcq,n. vol 20 no 2. Inst tute of Des elopntent Sitahes, Sussex these flows. Indicators of poverty are then easily taken as indicators of other dimensions of deprivation. including vulnerability. But vulnerability, more than poverty, is linked with net assets. Poverty, in the sense of low income, can he reduced by borrowing and ;nvesting: hut such debt makes households more vulnerable. Poor people, in their horror of debt, appear more aware than professionals of the tradeoffs between poverty and vulnerability. Programmes and policies to reduce vulnerability to make more secure are not, one for one, the same as programmes and policies to reduce poverty to raise incomes.
The extract of Lycium barbarum L. improves the behavior of rats with premature ovarian by regulating related genes

Objective: To explore the effect of Lycium barbarum L. on premature ovarian and the related mechanism. Methods: The ingredients of Lycium barbarum L. were extracted with water and alcohol, respectively. Rats with premature ovarian were treated with water extractive and ethanol extractive, respectively. After treatment, the biological behaviors, weight of ovary and uterus of rats were determined and compared. The contents of E2, FSH, and LH were determined by ELISA. The protein expression values of PLA2G4A, PAPPA, STC2, CCL2 and NELL1 were determined by Reverse Transcription-Polymerase Chain Reaction (RT-PCR) and Western blotting, respectively. Results: Both water extractive and ethanol extractive could improve the behaviors of rats. Water extractive could obviously increase the content of estrogen in blood and the size of uterine. Compared with ethanol extractive, water extractive could obviously regulate the expression of premature ovarian related genes. Conclusion: Both water extractive and ethanol extractive have roles in treating rats with premature ovarian. Moreover, the treatment result of water extractive was above the ethanol extractive.