Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Genetic features and postoperative outcomes of patients with glioblastoma involving the corpus callosum

Aim: Glioblastoma mutliforme (GBM) with corpus callosum involvement is an important subtype of glioma; however, the prognosis and genetic factors, as well as the effectiveness of surgery and analysis, are unclear owing to the paucity of studies. Methods: This study attempted to identify genetic features and postoperative outcomes of patients with glioblastomas involving the corpus callosum. We retrospectively reviewed 238 glioma patients with histologically confirmed glioblastoma. Overall survival was analyzed, along with whether corpus callosum involvement and tumor genetic makers (TP53 mutations, MMP-9, PTEN, MGMT, EGFR, and IDH1). Results: A total of 43 (18.06%) GBM patients had corpus callosum involvement. Corpus callosum involvement was an independent factor in poor prognosis in patients with GBM (Hazards ratio (95% CI): (1.628 (1.119-2.383), P = 0.0000); mutant P53 was also associated with shorter survival for GBMs involving the corpus callosum (HR: 2.338 (1.123-4.869); P = 0.0184). Conclusion: Glioblastoma with corpus callosum involvement is a specific subtype for gliomas. Our results could be used in formulating surgical plans and clinical survival predictions.
Significant risk factors in the etiology of arterial ischemic stroke in children

Stroke is a sudden loss of brain function due to disturbance in the cerebral blood supply with symptoms lasting at least 24 hours or leading to death with vascular background as its only cause. Stroke can be caused either by rupture of a blood vessel or aneurysm (hemorrhagic stroke, HS), or by thrombosis or embolisms (ischemic stroke, IS). In children stroke is defined as any neurological event related to an acute brain ischemia shown by the brain imaging technique. The incidence of arterial ischemic stroke (AIS) in children (about 2–13 / 100,000 children per year) is much lower than the incidence in the adult population. Still, adverse outcomes of acute brain ischemia in childhood include death, neurological sequel, epileptic seizures, and recurrence. The knowledge of childhood stroke etiology is still insufficient and the diagnostic and therapeutic procedures remain underdeveloped. Ischemic stroke is a heterogeneous condition with many different risk factors, both genetic and biochemical. The authors have reviewed the recent literature on risk factors of childhood ischemic stroke with the focus on biochemical factors like dyslipidemias, protein C deficiency and homocysteine, lipoprotein(a) and fibrinogen excess, and genetic factors like polymorphisms of 5,10-methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase, factor V, and fibrinogen genes.
Obesity Hypoventilation Syndrome: A Systematic Review

Background: The accurate incidence of obesity-hypoventilation syndromes (OHS) in the general population remains unknown. OHS arises from an intricate interaction among sleep-disordered breathing, depauperate respiratory drive, obesity-related respiratory, metabolic, hormonal and cardiovascular impairments, and leading to a reduction in daily life activities. Currently, OHS information is extremely limited in the clinical and diagnostic predictors, and anesthesiology literature. This review will examine the epidemiology, clinical characteristics, and prevalence of OHS in different countries, and treatment available treatment modalities. Methods: A comprehensive literature search was conducted to identify studies focused on OHS through databases, including Google Scholar, PubMed, Medline, Scopus, Embase, Cochrane Library and Web of science. The articles in English published in index above were selected for the review. Data were extracted on the clinical outcome, prevalence and diagnosis features, epidemiology, and treatments. Results: Available data in this review article suggest that the high incidence of OHS, noninvasive ventilation (NIV) and continuous positive airway pressure therapy (CPAP) treatments were more effective than lifestyle modification with respect to the improvements in clinical symptoms, although bi-level PAP exhibited slightly greater respiratory functional improvements than CPAP with long-term treatment. Conclusion: NIV and CPAP therapies are the mainstay of treatment but the best approach for those who do not respond to this modality is unknown and may include a combination of PAP therapy and pharmacotherapy with respiratory stimulants or tracheostomy, with or without nocturnal ventilation.
Maturity Evaluation on Safety Standardization in Hydropower Construction : Methodology and Case Study

-Safety standardization is considered to be a promising solution of improving serious safety situation in hydropower construction, so maturity evaluation on performance of safety standardization is an appropriate response and one of the most critical operations. Accordingly, this article aims at developing a maturity evaluation method by using the maturity evaluation framework of software capability for reference. Firstly, the performance maturity of safety standardization is divided into five grades according to the practical effect and the key technological capability in process standardization. Secondly, a safety standardization evaluation index system is built and evaluation criteria are established with special reference to the "interim measures of evaluation and management on hydraulic safety production standardization". Furthermore, the hierarchical weighted method is used to quantify the quantitative maturity level of safety standardization system through a survey. And a maturity cobweb model of safety standardization system is constructed to analyze the principal factors which may influence the evaluation. Finally, the feasibility and validity of this approach are illustrated by the case study of Xiang Jiaba Dam. The presented maturity evaluation approach will effectively provide additional tool to promote and to improve safety standardization of the system for supervisors and engineers. 
ScienceDirect Urban Planning and Architecture Design for Sustainable Development , UPADSD 14-16 October 2015 The Relationship between Res piratory Systems ’ Cases and Environmental Urban Factors

Air pollution in urban areas which have dense population, industrial facilities and dependence on the private automobiles, adversely affects the number of respiratory system diseases. The aim of the study is to test the relation between the number of respiratory systems cases’ and environmental urban factors affecting these cases such as the level of urban air pollution, current land use, total population and the number of vehicles. The data are collected for six districts in Izmir, Turkey for the years between 2007 and 2011. The results show that there’s a statistically significant relationship between the number of respiratory systems’ cases and environmental urban factors. © 2016 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd. Peer-review under responsibility of IEREK, International experts for Research Enrichment and Knowledge Exchange.
Effect of autophagy inhibitor 3-methyladenine combined with TP chemotherapy on nasopharyngeal carcinoma and EGFR and VEGF levels in tissues

Objective: Explore the effects of 3-methyladenine (3-MA) combined with docetaxel and cisplatin (TP) chemotherapy regimen on the treatment of nasopharyngeal carcinoma and expression levels of EGFR and VEGF in tissues from patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma. Methods: A retrospective analysis was conducted on 249 patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma, 134 patients received single TP chemotherapy after admission were grouped as the control group and 115 patients treated with 3-MA combined with TP chemotherapy were considered as the study group. The expression of EGFR and VEGF in tissues was detected by Western blot. The difference in efficacy between the two groups was compared and the survival rate of the patients was recorded by a 5-year followup of prognosis. Results: The treatment efficacy of 90.43% reported in the study group was significantly higher than that observed for the control group (P < 0.010). The incidence of adverse reactions was 13.01% in the study group and was significantly lower than that in the control group (P < 0.010). EGFR and VEGF levels in the study group were significantly lower than those in the control group at 15 and 30 days after treatment (P < 0.010). The 5-year survival rate was significantly higher in the study group than in the control group (P = 0.010). Conclusion: 3-MA combined with TP chemotherapy was significantly superior to single TP regimen for the treatment of nasopharyngeal carcinoma and inhibited the expressions of VEGF and EGFR in patient tissues.
Porovnání kvality života a tíže onemocnění u pacientů se stabilní anginou pectoris

SOUHRN Cíl: Kvalita života související se zdravím je spojena s rizikovými faktory kardiovaskulárních onemocnění. Cílem studie bylo zjistit vztah objektivního nálezu stabilní anginy pectoris a kvality života související se zdravím. Metodika: Celkem byla analyzována data od 339 respondentů. Respondenti v cílové skupině (n = 165) se stabilní anginou pectoris a kontrolní skupině (n = 174) bez stabilní anginy pectoris byli porovnáni podle rizikových faktorů kardiovaskulárních onemocnění. Dotazníky Seattle Angina Questionnaire a EuroQol EQ-5D-3L byly porovnány s koronarografickým nálezem a lékařem zaznamenanou klasifikací Canadian Cardiovascular Society (CCS). Výsledky: Skupina respondentů se stabilní anginou pectoris měla nižší hodnocení ve všech doménách Seattle Angina Questionnaire (p < 0,01) a nástroje EQ-5D (p < 0,001) i při stejném zastoupení rizikových faktorů jako v kontrolní skupině respondentů bez anginy pectoris. ANOVA Kruskal–Wallis neprokázala v cílovém souboru vztah výsledků koronarografie s žádnou z pěti domén dotazníku Seattle Angina Questionnaire ani EQ-5D. CCS klasifikace a 3/5 domén Seattle Angina Questionnaire mají statisticky významný vztah (α < 0,05) a EQ-5D index také (p = 0,0161). Závěr: Respondenti se stabilní anginou pectoris mají oproti kontrolní skupině pacientů podstupujících koronarografii bez stabilní anginy pectoris nižší kvalitu života. V cílovém souboru není statisticky významný vztah mezi koronarografickým nálezem a kvalitou života související se zdravím. Statisticky významný vztah byl mezi hodnocením CCS klasifikace ve 3/5 domén Seattle Angina Questionnaire a EQ-5D indexu. Hodnocení kvality života by mělo být zavedeno do běžné ošetřovatelské praxe k zapojení pacientova pohledu na vnímání tíže onemocnění.
Striving toward correct FSMs: advances in design, formal verification, testing, and diagnosis

Finite-state machines (FSMs) in VLSI designs are discussed. FSMs are first classified according to different criteria. Various stages of their development are considered, namely design, formal verification, test pattern generation, and diagnosis. For each step, some novel approaches are identified and discussed. A unified approach, i.e. based on the same algorithm, to formally prove the equivalence of two FSMs, to generate test patterns, and to diagnose faults at the gate level, serves as a common denominator. <<ETX>>
Applying a Women’s Health Lens to the Study of the Aging Brain

A major challenge in neuroscience is to understand what happens to a brain as it ages. Such insights could make it possible to distinguish between individuals who will undergo typical aging and those at risk for neurodegenerative disease. Over the last quarter century, thousands of human brain imaging studies have probed the neural basis of age-related cognitive decline. “Aging” studies generally enroll adults over the age of 65, a historical precedent rooted in the average age of retirement. A consequence of this research tradition is that it overlooks one of the most significant neuroendocrine changes in a woman’s life: the transition to menopause. The menopausal transition is marked by an overall decline in ovarian sex steroid production—up to 90% in the case of estradiol—a dramatic endocrine change that impacts multiple biological systems, including the brain. Despite sex differences in the risk for dementia, the influence that biological sex and sex hormones have on the aging brain is historically understudied, leaving a critical gap in our understanding of the aging process. In this Perspective article, we highlight the influence that endocrine factors have on the aging brain. We devote particular attention to the neural and cognitive changes that unfold in the middle decade of life, as a function of reproductive aging. We then consider emerging evidence from animal and human studies that other endocrine factors occurring earlier in life (e.g., pregnancy, hormonal birth control use) also shape the aging process. Applying a women’s health lens to the study of the aging brain will advance knowledge of the neuroendocrine basis of cognitive aging and ensure that men and women get the full benefit of our research efforts.
Clinical Trial Registration and Reporting: Drug Therapy and Prevention of Cardiac-Related Infections

Objective: Clinical trials are the source of evidence. ClinicalTrials.gov is valuable for analyzing current conditions. Until now, the state of drug interventions for heart infections is unknown. The purpose of this study was to comprehensively assess the characteristics of trials on cardiac-related infections and the status of drug interventions. Methods: The website ClinicalTrials.gov was used to obtain all registered clinical trials on drug interventions for cardiac-related infections as of February 16, 2019. All registration studies were collected, regardless of their recruitment status, research results, and research type. Registration information, results, and weblink-publications of those trials were analyzed. Results: A total of 45 eligible trials were evaluated and 86.7% of them began from or after 2008 while 91.1% of them adopted interventional study design. Of all trials, 35.6% were completed and 15.6% terminated. Besides, 62.2% of interventional clinical trials recruited more than 100 subjects. Meanwhile, 86.7% of the eligible trials included adult subjects only. Of intervention trials, 65.8% were in the third or fourth phase; 78.1% adopted randomized parallel assignment, containing two groups; 53.6% were masking, and 61.0% described treatment. Moreover, 41.5% of the trials were conducted in North America while 29.3% in Europe. Sponsors for 40.0% of the studies were from the industry. Furthermore, 48.9% of the trials mentioned information on monitoring committees, 24.4% have been published online, and 13.3% have uploaded their results. Drugs for treatments mainly contained antibiotics, among which glycopeptides, β-lactams, and lipopeptides were the most commonly studied ones in experimental group, with the former ones more common. Additionally, 16.2% of the trials evaluated new antimicrobials. Conclusions: Most clinical trials on cardiac-related infections registered at ClinicalTrials.gov were interventional randomized controlled trials (RCTs) for treatment. Most drugs focused in trials were old antibiotics, and few trials reported valid results. It is necessary to strengthen supervision over improvements in results, and to combine antibacterial activity with drug delivery regimens to achieve optimal clinical outcomes.
Epigenetic Regulation at the Interplay Between Gut Microbiota and Host Metabolism

Gut microbiota communities have coevolved for millions of years in a symbiotic relationship with their mammalian hosts. Elucidating and understanding the molecular mechanisms by which microbiota interacts with its host and how this contributes to the homeostasis of the host is crucial. One of these molecular relationships is the so-called chemical crosstalk between microbiota and host metabolisms, including the poorly explored epigenetic regulation of host tissues by the metabolic activity of gut microbiota in response to changes in diet. DNA methylation and histone modifications are epigenetic marks partly regulated by enzymes such as methylases and acetylases, whose activity depend on host and microbiota metabolites that act as substrates and cofactors for these reactions. However, providing a complete mechanistic description of the regulatory interactions between both metabolisms and the impact on the expression of host genes through an epigenetic modulation, remains elusive. This article presents our perspective on how metabolomic, metagenomic, transcriptomic, and epigenomic data can be used to investigate the “microbiota–nutrient metabolism–epigenetics axis. ” We also discuss the implications and opportunities this knowledge may have for basic and applied science, such as the impact on the way we structure future research, understand, and prevent diseases like type 2 diabetes or obesity.
Deep Liquid State Machines With Neural Plasticity for Video Activity Recognition

Real-world applications such as first-person video activity recognition require intelligent edge devices. However, size, weight, and power constraints of the embedded platforms cannot support resource intensive state-of-the-art algorithms. Machine learning lite algorithms, such as reservoir computing, with shallow 3-layer networks are computationally frugal as only the output layer is trained. By reducing network depth and plasticity, reservoir computing minimizes computational power and complexity, making the algorithms optimal for edge devices. However, as a trade-off for their frugal nature, reservoir computing sacrifices computational power compared to state-of-the-art methods. A good compromise between reservoir computing and fully supervised networks are the proposed deep-LSM networks. The deep-LSM is a deep spiking neural network which captures dynamic information over multiple time-scales with a combination of randomly connected layers and unsupervised layers. The deep-LSM processes the captured dynamic information through an attention modulated readout layer to perform classification. We demonstrate that the deep-LSM achieves an average of 84.78% accuracy on the DogCentric video activity recognition task, beating state-of-the-art. The deep-LSM also shows up to 91.13% memory savings and up to 91.55% reduction in synaptic operations when compared to similar recurrent neural network models. Based on these results we claim that the deep-LSM is capable of overcoming limitations of traditional reservoir computing, while maintaining the low computational cost associated with reservoir computing.
Position-Specific Metabolic Probing and Metagenomics of Microbial Communities Reveal Conserved Central Carbon Metabolic Network Activities at High Temperatures

Temperature is a primary driver of microbial community composition and taxonomic diversity; however, it is unclear to what extent temperature affects characteristics of central carbon metabolic pathways (CCMPs) at the community level. In this study, 16S rRNA gene amplicon and metagenome sequencing were combined with 13C-labeled metabolite probing of the CCMPs to assess community carbon metabolism along a temperature gradient (60–95°C) in Great Boiling Spring, NV. 16S rRNA gene amplicon diversity was inversely proportional to temperature, and Archaea were dominant at higher temperatures. KO richness and diversity were also inversely proportional to temperature, yet CCMP genes were similarly represented across the temperature gradient and many individual metagenome-assembled genomes had complete pathways. In contrast, genes encoding cellulosomes and many genes involved in plant matter degradation and photosynthesis were absent at higher temperatures. In situ 13C-CO2 production from labeled isotopomer pairs of glucose, pyruvate, and acetate suggested lower relative oxidative pentose phosphate pathway activity and/or fermentation at 60°C, and a stable or decreased maintenance energy demand at higher temperatures. Catabolism of 13C-labeled citrate, succinate, L-alanine, L-serine, and L-cysteine was observed at 85°C, demonstrating broad heterotrophic activity and confirming functioning of the TCA cycle. Together, these results suggest that temperature-driven losses in biodiversity and gene content in geothermal systems may not alter CCMP function or maintenance energy demands at a community level.
Characterization of Magnitude and Antigen Specificity of HLA-DP, DQ, and DRB3/4/5 Restricted DENV-Specific CD4+ T Cell Responses

Background: Dengue Virus (DENV) associated disease is a major public health problem. Assessment of HLA class II restricted DENV-specific responses is relevant for immunopathology and definition of correlates of protection. While previous studies characterized responses restricted by the HLA-DRB1 locus, the responses associated with other class II loci have not been characterized to date. Accordingly, we mapped HLA-DP, DQ, and DRB3/4/5 restricted DENV-specific CD4 T cell epitopes in PBMCs derived from the DENV endemic region Sri Lanka. Methods: We studied 12 DP, DQ, and DRB3/4/5 alleles that are commonly expressed and provide worldwide coverage >82% for each of the loci analyzed and >99% when combined. CD4+ T cells purified by negative selection were stimulated with pools of HLA-predicted binders for 2 weeks with autologous APC. Epitope reactive T cells were enumerated using IFNγ ELISPOT assay. This strategy was previously applied to identify DRB1 restricted epitopes. In parallel, membrane expression levels of HLA-DR, DP, and DQ proteins was assessed using flow cytometry. Results: Epitopes were identified for all DP, DQ, and DRB3/4/5 allelic variants albeit with magnitudes significantly lower than the ones previously observed for the DRB1 locus. This was in line with lower membrane expression of HLA-DP and DQ molecules on the PBMCs tested, as compared to HLA-DR. Significant differences between loci were observed in antigen immunodominance. Capsid responses were dominant for DRB1/3/4/5 and DP alleles but negligible for the DQ alleles. NS3 responses were dominant in the case of DRB1/3/4/5 and DQ but absent in the case of DP. NS1 responses were prominent in the case of the DP alleles, but negligible in the case of DR and DQ. In terms of epitope specificity, repertoire was largely overlapping between DRB1 and DRB3/4/5, while DP and DQ loci recognized largely distinct epitope sets. Conclusion: The HLA-DP, DQ, and DRB3/4/5 loci mediate DENV-CD4 specific immune responses of lower magnitude as compared to HLA-DRB1, consistent with their lower levels of expression. The responses are associated with distinct and characteristic patterns of immunodominance, and variable epitope overlap across loci.