Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A High-Performance Control Method of Constant -Controlled Induction Motor Drives for Electric Vehicles

A three-phase induction motor used as a propulsion system for the electric vehicle (EV) is a nonlinear, multi-input multi-output, and strong coupling system. For such a complicated model system with unmeasured and unavoidable disturbances, as well as parameter variations, the conventional vector control method cannot meet the demands of high-performance control. Therefore, a novel control strategy named least squares support vector machines (LSSVM) inverse control is presented in the paper. Invertibility of the induction motor in the constant control mode is proved to confirm its feasibility. The LSSVM inverse is composed of an LSSVM approximating the nonlinear mapping of the induction motor and two integrators. The inverse model of the constant -controlled induction motor drive is obtained by using LSSVM, and then the optimal parameters of LSSVM are determined automatically by applying a modified particle swarm optimization (MPSO). Cascading the LSSVM inverse with the induction motor drive system, the pseudolinear system can be obtained. Thus, it is easy to design the closed-loop linear regulator. The simulation results verify the effectiveness of the proposed method.
Ecotourism’s Support of Biodiversity Conservation

Ecotourism is often viewed as effective for promoting the conservation of endangered species and habitats in developing countries. By creating economic incentives for impoverished villagers or their communities, ecotourism is thought to encourage local guardianship of biological resources. To assess ecotourism’s effect on the income of villagers living near Royal Chitwan National Park, Nepal, one of the most heavily visited parks in Asia, we randomly surveyed 996 households in 7 of the 36 Village Development Committees adjacent to the park. Despite a 1994 visitation rate exceeding 60,000 tourists—most from industrial nations—the economic impact of ecotourism on household income was minimal and limited to villages closest to the main park’s entrance. Of the estimated 87,000 working‐age people living near the park, less than 1100 were employed directly by the ecotourism industry. Only 6% of the surveyed households earned income directly or indirectly from ecotourism; the average annual salary of these households from ecotourism was $600. Ecotourism in Royal Chitwan National Park, as it is currently structured, provides little employment potential, has a marginal effect on household income, and offers few benefits for local people. Thus, it is not a panacea for long‐term biodiversity conservation in this case. New policy changes, coupled with alternative approaches to the privately owned ecotourism industry, however, have the potential to redirect an appreciable amount of revenue to local development and strengthen local guardianship of endangered species and habitats. We urge that conservation biologists working in other areas ensure that well‐defined mechanisms for profit sharing with local communities are in place before advocating ecotourism development. Where ecotourism programs already exist without such profit‐sharing mechanisms, we urge conservationists to press for legislation that permits a percentage of profits to be spent on local community development.
PREVALENCE OF SLEEP – WAKE CYCLE DISTURBANCE AMONG CANCER PATIENTS OF BHAKTAPUR CANCER HOSPITAL, NEPAL

Cancer patients are at great risk for developing insomnia and disorders of the sleep-wake cycle. Insomnia is the most common sleep disturbance in this population and is most often secondary to physical and/or psychological factors related to cancer and/or cancer treatment. It is estimated that nearly 45% of cancer patients experience sleep disturbances; this is nearly three times the estimate of its occurrence in the general population. The purpose of the study is to determine the prevalence of sleep-wake cycle disturbance in patient receiving chemotherapy. A descriptive cross-sectional study was carried out in 2013. A total of 205 respondents, visiting Bhaktapur Cancer Hospital and who met criteria were purposively sampled and interviewed face to face. Insomnia Severity Index Scale was used to grade insomnia. Descriptive statistics such as frequency and percentage was used to describe demographic data. Chi-square test was done to find out the association between prevalence of sleep-wake cycle disturbance and selected variables. Among the total respondents (205), 70.7% had sleep-wake cycle disturbances. Majority (71.21%) of respondents had some form of clinically significant insomnia. The ages of the respondents ranged from 20 to 81 years with the mean age of 56.25 (SD ± 13.87). More than half i.e. 69.3% of the respondents were female. Patients being treated with Methotrexate were found to be more associated with the development of sleep-wake cycle disturbance. The significant association was found on drinking tea/coffee with the prevalence sleep-wake cycle disturbance. Sleep disorders are a common and often chronic problem for patients with cancer. Recently, such symptoms have attracted little attention. This might be the reasons for increased prevalence of sleep-wake cycle disturbance. It is recommended to take early and adequate intervention for the reduction of increased prevalence rate of sleep-wake cycle disturbance.
Selecting models to predict the timing of flowering of temperate trees: implications for tree phenology modelling

Classical budburst models (Spring Warming, Sequential, Parallel and Alternating) are unable to fully predict external data, partly because of the methods of optimization used to adjust them. The purpose of this study was to examine different assumptions of budburst models and select those which are best supported by the data, defining new models able to predict external data. Eight models, each differing in one assumption, were fitted and tested using external data. The dataset used to test the models was deduced from aeropalynological data at two stations in France. The results show that some of the models proposed are able to accurately predict external dates of flowering of most of the studied species. The assumptions of those models have been individually tested and shown to improve the models accuracy. Robust estimates of the best predictor models of 12 tree species are presented. The analysis of hypothetical provenance transfer of two species, Buxus sempervirens and Platanus acerifolia, between the two study sites, shows that P. acerifolia estimates are similar in both environments whereas B. sempervirens estimates are variable. This result, which agrees with the genetic characteristics of both species, shows that local adaptation of phenology can also be studied through modelling approaches.
Simulation study of brent kung adder using cadence tool

Adders are the most fundamental piece of any computerized framework. In order to perform the addition of two numbers, adders are used. They also form the requisite part of Arithmetic and Logic Unit. Besides this application, they are also used in computers to calculate address, indices and operation codes. Adders are also used to employ different algorithms in Digital Signal Processing. There is a prerequisite to provide an efficient adder design which fulfills the trade-off amongst speed and space consideration to increase the performance of the system. In the modern age, in addition to the trade-off between speed and space, power consumption assumes an imperative. Gadgets with low power utilization and good performance are favored in real-time applications. Parallel Prefix adders are the ones generally utilized as a part of Digital Designs due to the adaptability associated with outlining these Adders. Brent Kung Adder (BKA) is a low power parallel prefix adder, as it uses minimum circuitry to obtain the result. A simulation study of this adder is carried out using cadence tool. The 4-bit, 8-bit, 16-bit and 32-bit BKAs were designed and simulated using CMOS logic- 45nm Technology. A comparative study was made by comparing the obtained results with Ripple Carry adder and Carry Look-ahead adders. Obtained results show that the power consumption and propagation delay for the BKA implementation are reduced compared to RCA and CLA.
An Area efficient and more accurate DA-based DCT with more compression rate

In this paper, a scheme for the design of pipeline architecture for a real-time computation of the 2D DCT has been presented. The objective has been to achieve a low computation time by maximizing the operational frequency and minimizing the number of clock cycles required for the DCT computation, which, in turn, have been realized by developing a scheme for enhanced interand intra stage parallelisms for the pipeline architecture. it is most efficient to map the overall task of the DCT computation to only two pipeline stages, i.e., one for performing the task of the level-1DCT computation and the other for performing that of all the remaining decomposition levels. In view of the fact that the amount and nature of the computation performed by the two stages are the same, their internal designs ought to be the same. There are two main ideas that have been employed for the internal design of each stage in order to enhance the intra stage parallelism. The first idea is to decompose the filtering operation into two subtasks that operate independently on the evenand odd-numbered input samples, respectively. This idea stems from the fact that the DCT computation is a twosub band filtering operation, and for each consecutive decomposition level, the input data are decimated by a factor of two.
Patient Empowerment and New Citizen Roles through Telehealth Technologies - The Early Stage

The aim of the present article is to explore the potential for citizens to gain new empowered roles through the use of health technology. The authors propose the distinction between citizen roles on two levels: the role of the citizen as patient actively involved in his own treatment and then an 'extended citizen role'. Findings are based on a literature review combined with lessons learned from two telehealth projects currently running in Denmark. The authors find that the empowerment happens through information-sharing; offering the patients a visual overview of their course of treatment, letting the patients take their own measurements, and letting them provide verbal and written inputs. Finally, perspectives on communities of shared care and 'ambient assisted living' are discussed.
The Film as Visual Aided Learning Tool in Classroom Management Course.

This research aims to investigate the impact of the visual aided learning on pre-service teachers’ coconstruction of subject matter knowledge in teaching practice. The study revealed the examination of film as an active cognizing and learning tool in classroom management course within teacher education programme. Within the framework of action research, teaching sessions were reorganized with integrating mediated and visual aided learning process to enhance pre-service teachers’ subject matter knowledge and abilities in teaching practice. The qualitative research approach was employed in this study, thirty eight pre-service teachers self-reports revealed the in-depth interpretation and analysis on their experiences and gained awareness in teaching practice in relation to film inline with supervision. Visual aided learning process through film and the instructor’s supervision provided meaningful contributions in enhancing co-construction of knowledge in teaching practice and also it contributed to internalize professional practice as well.
Firm-level Estimates of Fuel Substitution: An Application toCarbon Pricing

We estimate partial and total own and cross price elasticities between electricity, gas and oil, using firm-level data. We find that, based on the partial elasticity measure, electricity is the least-responsive fuel to changes in its own price and in the price of other fuels. The total elasticity measure, which adjusts the partial elasticity for changes in aggregate energy demand induced by individual fuel price changes, reveals that the demand for electricity is much more price responsive than the partial elasticity suggests. Our results illustrate the importance of accounting for the feedback effect between interfactor and interfuel elasticities when considering the effectiveness of environmental taxation. We use the estimated elasticities to simulate the impact of a €15/tCO2 carbon tax on average energy-related CO2 emissions.
Mediating Dynamic Supply Chain Formation by Collaborative Single Machine Earliness/Tardiness Agents in Supply Mesh

Nowadays, a trend of forming dynamic supply chains with different trading partners over different e-marketplaces has emerged. These supply chains, which are called “supply mesh,” generally refer to heterogeneous electronic marketplaces in which dynamic supply chains, as per project (often make-to-order), are formed across different parties. Conceptually, in a supply mesh a dynamic supply chain is formed vertically, mediating several companies for a project. Companies that are on the same level horizontally are either competitors or cohorts. A complex scenario such as this makes it challenging to find the right group of members for a dynamic supply chain. Earlier on, a multiagent model called the collaborative single machine earliness/tardiness (CSET) model was proposed for the optimal formation of make-to-order supply chains. This paper contributes the particular agent designs, for enabling the mediation of CSET in a supply mesh, and the possibilities are discussed. It is demonstrated via a computer simulation, based on samples from the U.S. textile industry, that by using intelligent agents under the CSET model it is possible to automatically find an ideal group of trading partners from a supply mesh.
Review. The role of the arbuscular mycorrhiza-associated rhizobacteria in the biocontrol of soilborne phytopathogens

The mutualistic symbiosis of most land plants with arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi has been shown to favor mineral and water nutrition and to increase resistance to abiotic and biotic stresses. This review reports the main mechanisms involved in the control of the disease symptoms and of the intraradical proliferation of soilborne phytopathogens by root colonization with AM fungi, with a special emphasis on the role of the rhizobacteria shown to be specifically associated with the AM extraradical network and the mycorrhizosphere (the soil zone with particular characteristics under the influence of the root/AM association). The mycorrhizosphere would constitute an environment conducive to microorganisms antagonistic to pathogen proliferation. Moreover, attempts to identify rhizobacteria from AM structures and/or the mycorrhizosphere often lead to the isolation of organisms showing strong properties of antagonism on various soilborne pathogens. The ability of AM fungi to control soilborne diseases would be strongly related to their capacity to specifically stimulate the establishment of rhizobacteria unfavorable to pathogen development within the mycorrhizosphere before root infection. Current knowledge concerning the mechanisms involved in AM/rhizobacteria interactions are also described in this review. Additional key words: AM-associated bacteria (AMB), arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi, biocontrol, mycorrhizosphere, Paenibacillus, soilborne pathogens.
Alternative Signal Generation for PAPR Reduction by Using Shift Value Set for CSS

The recent studies under LTE (long term evolution) will give us the knowledge about how to increase the performance of the transmission systems as well as how to increase the data rate. OFDM (Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing) is recent technology which is studied under the LTE. The main advantages of OFDM systems are their ability of providing high data rate as well as low complexity as compared with previous techniques such as TDMA, FDMA and CDMA. The primary advantage of OFDM is its high data rate. But, as we require more and more data rate there is problem with transmission of data i.e. nonlinear distortions are present. This nonlinear distortion famously known as PAPR (peak to average power ratio) another drawbacks like bit error rate, ICI, etc. Several methods are implemented to overcome the drawback of PAPR. Traditional techniques like SLM and PTS, but they are having some drawbacks so there is need to develop the system which will work effectively compared to state of art techniques. Among the available techniques we used here improved PTS technique by applying CSS (cyclic shifted sequence),which will shift OFDM sequence cyclically and after that cyclically shifted sequence is used to generate alternative signal sequence by combining it for PAPR reduction. Execution results in MATLAB shows that the selected SV sets proposed system is giving enhanced output. To get optimized output we applied piecewise linear companding. Piecewise linear Companding is a novel technique which can be integrated with CSS by proper selecting the SV-set. Piecewise linear companding is a signal distortion technique, which will directly applied for publishing.
Moments of Compound Renewal Sums with Dependent Risks Using Mixing Exponential Models

In this paper, we study the discounted renewal aggregate claims with a full dependence structure. Based on a mixing exponential model, the dependence among the inter-claim times, the claim sizes, as well as the dependence between the inter-claim times and the claim sizes are included. The main contribution of this paper is the derivation of the closed-form expressions for the higher moments of the discounted aggregate renewal claims. Then, explicit expressions of these moments are provided for specific copulas families and some numerical illustrations are given to analyze the impact of dependency on the moments of the discounted aggregate amount of claims.
6 Atherogenesis and Vascular Disease in SLE

SLE is the classical model of a chronic multi-systemic immune-mediated inflammatory disease. It affects mainly young women, a subgroup of the general population usually free of cardiovascular risk. Although survival rates have improved dramatically, mainly due to early diagnosis, improved treatment, and better management of complications, death rates for patients with SLE remain 3 to 5 times higher than in the general population (Haque & Bruce, 2009). Nevertheless, whilst the 5-year survival of SLE was below 50% in the 1950s, it is nowadays above 90% (Nikpour et al., 2005). Atherosclerosis in SLE is a highly complex process with autoimmunity, local and systemic inflammation, and endothelial dysfunction playing critical roles in its initiation and propagation. In the particular case of SLE, the extremely intricate immune system deregulation involving all types of immune cells up to an increased autoantibody production seems to play a major role for the accelerated atheroma formation found in these patients. Cardiovascular events are now the major cause of morbidity and mortality in SLE. The acceptance of the importance of vascular risk in this context came from the description of a bimodal mortality pattern (Urowitz et al., 1976), with the early peak (within 1 year of diagnosis) as a consequence of active lupus and its complications, and the later peak (more than 5 years after diagnosis) mainly attributable to atherosclerosis. SLE is now considered to be a coronary heart disease-risk equivalent, mainly due to accelerated atherosclerosis (Aranow & Ginzler, 2000; Bjornadal et al., 2004; Manzi et al., 1997; Esdaile et al., 2001; Fischer et al. 2004; Roman et al., 2003; Ward, 1999). This can be especially relevant in young women, where up to a 50-fold increase in cardiovascular risk over age and gender-matched controls has been reported (Manzi et al., 1997). In fact, the majority of those women were aged less than 55 years at the time of their first cardiac event. Framingham risk factors do not explain entirely the atherosclerotic burden found in patients with SLE. Furthermore, traditional cardiovascular risk factors seem to be less important predictors of cardiovascular events than the activity of lupus (Esdaile et al., 2001). (see table 1). The direct relation between conventional and SLE-related risk factors and the actual incidence of events has not been easy to establish for different reasons: most patients with
Extraction-separation of Eu(III)/Th(IV) Ions with a Phosphorylated Ligand in an Ionic Liquid

Extraction-separation of Eu(III) and Th(IV) ions from nitrate media into the ionic liquid 1-hexyl-3-methylimidazolium hexafluorophosphate by a phosphorylated salen extractant, bis(chlorophosphoryle)decahydro-2,4-di(2-hydroxyphenyl)benzo(d)(1,3,6)oxadiazepine (DPO), is investigated. It is found that Eu(III) ions are extracted via a solvation mechanism, and the extraction of Th(IV) ions proceeds through an ion exchange mechanism. The analysis of the experimental data reveals that the extraction of Eu(III) and Th(IV) ions is taken place by formation of Eu(DPO)(NO3)3 and Th(DPO)2(PF6)4 complexes. A significant selectivity towards thorium ions with respect to trivalent lanthanides (lanthanum, europium, and erbium) was observed. Thorium(IV) can be efficiently extracted from nitric acid solutions into the studied ionic liquid in the presence of DPO.
Incorporating Active Fingerprinting into SPIT Prevention Systems

Voice over IP (VoIP) usage is growing at an astronomical rate. While the economic benefits of deployment are clear, concerns of potential abuse of the technology may hinder its deployment. Emerging security threats such as Spam over Internet Telephony (SPIT) are not far from reality and techniques to detect and prevent SPIT are ongoing research areas. In this paper, we design and implement a firewall to detect SPIT for VoIP devices that use the Session Initiation Protocol (SIP) which is gaining momentum as the de facto signaling protocol. For SPIT detection, we use fingerprinting techniques that run protocol analysis on the remote software agent to identify VoIP devices. We build and evaluate a prototype SPIT prevention firewall that leverages fingerprint information to identify call invitations from suspicious user agents. We demonstrate that fingerprinting incurs low overhead and is efficient enough to be incorporated into SPIT prevention systems.