Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Hepatosplenic T-cell Lymphoma in a Mare

A 21-year-old Dutch crossbred mare was presented with a 1-month history of weight loss and weakness. Clinical evaluation revealed severe anemia and thrombocytopenia with evidence of hepatic disease and muscular damage. Necropsy findings included diaphragmatic rupture with an extensive retroperitoneal hematoma and severe hepatosplenomegaly. Microscopic findings were characterized by hepatic sinusoidal and splenic red pulp infiltration by atypical CD3-positive lymphocytes. No other nodal or extranodal sites were affected. Hepatosplenic lymphoma with a probable T-cell origin was diagnosed based on gross and histologic findings.
Survival impact of the number of lymph node dissection on stage I-III node-negative gastric cancer.

It is well known that lymph node (LN) status is the most important prognostic factor in localized gastric adenocarcinoma (GC) (1-4). Curative resection including adequate lymphadenectomy provided the chance of a cure for stage I–III disease (1,4,5). Unfortunately, a subgroup of patients with node-negative GC who underwent radical surgery including extensive LN dissection still experiences tumor recurrence, distant metastasis and subsequently died from the disease (6,7). In the issue of Annals of Surgery , Jin et al . indicated that in node-negative GC patients undergoing curative intent surgery, T3/T4 tumors, presence of lymphovascular invasion and signet ring histology independently affected overall survival suggesting that these patients may benefit from more aggressive adjuvant therapies (8). However, it should be noted that recurrence rates were 8.4% and 10.5% in T1 and stage I GC, respectively and 35.0% and 37.5% in T4 and stage III cancer, respectively in their study. The median number of nodes examined for patients with recurrence was 14 (range, 6–22), which might result in the possibility of underestimation of nodal involvement and understaging. In addition, tumor recurrence rates did not differ regardless of the extent of lymphadenectomy or the total nodes examined. The overall 5-year survival rate was 53% for the whole cohort.
SBTI LDKGIGTIIS SPYRIRFIAE GHPLSLKFDS FAVIMLCVGI PTEWSVVEDL LlTI TSRGLPARLA SPYRILILGS NIPLTIEFQP QKPYSCHGHS SRSLQWKVEK EcTI TKRGRPAIIW TPPRIAILTP AFYLNIEFQT DLPACL

Obtained from leguminous seeds, various plant proteins inhibit animal proteinases, including human, and can be considered for the development of compounds with biological activity. Inhibitors from the Bowman-Birk and plant Kunitz-type family have been characterized by proteinase specificity, primary structure and reactive site. Our group mostly studies the genus Bauhinia, mainly the species bauhinioides, rufa, ungulata and variegata. In some species, more than one inhibitor was characterized, exhibiting different properties. Although proteins from this group share high structural similarity, they present differences in proteinase inhibition, explored in studies using diverse biological models.
Green IS Assimilation: A Theoretical Framework and Research Agenda

The current paper presents a theoretical framework on the assimilation of Green IS in organizations. The assimilation of Green IS comprises three stages, namely, Green IS initiation, adoption, and routinization. The different stages of assimilation are proposed to be affected by different groups of factors. Based on institutional theory, organizational information processing theory and organization theory, environmental uncertainty, organizational slack, and institutional pressure are employed to explain Green IS assimilation, and the importance of each of these factors will vary in different stages of assimilation. Institutional factors and environmental uncertainty will affect the initiation of adoption of Green IS, while organizational resources will affect the adoption and rountinization of Green IS. Organizational resources will moderate the relationship between environmental uncertainty and Green IS adoption. The proposed framework is planned to be tested in the future empirical study. Finally, theoretical and managerial implications of the proposed conceptual model are presented.
Increasing Colorectal Cancer Screening at an Urban FQHC Using iFOBT and Patient Navigation

Introduction. Colorectal cancer is the second leading cause of cancer death in the United States. Black Americans suffer even higher incidence and death rates than the general population. Genetics and patient perceptions explain some of this difference, however, modifiable health care system factors such as lack of access to colon cancer screening also contribute. Partnering an academic health center with local community groups, we piloted a colorectal cancer screening program at a Federally Qualified Health Center (FQHC) serving predominately low socioeconomic status Black Americans. The program was designed to identify and remove barriers to screening and improve screening rates. Method. At a single center FQHC, we developed an outreach program centered around (1) patient and provider education, (2) immunochemical fecal occult blood test (iFOBT) distribution, and (3) patient navigation. We identified 402 eligible patients, of which 228 (56.7%) completed screening. Results. Our 56.7% screening rate represented a twofold increase above prepilot levels at the clinic. Nine (4%) iFOBT returned positive. Three of these nine patients completed colonoscopy. Screening rates and follow through were higher under a single navigator model. Conclusions. Our academic–community partnership provided an effective, evidence based, and sustainable model for increasing colorectal cancer screening in a high risk, low resource community.
The frequency of occurrence of anal sacculitis in the dog.

A survey of the incidence of anal sacculitis in the dog based on a population of 3,053 dogs treated at two urban practices, one in England and one in Australia, showed that 12-5% of dogs presented at clinics were affected with anal sacculitis. No predisposition in the dogs or selectivity on the part of the disease was found in relation to breed, sex, age or geographical distribution.
Dielectric investigations on micro discharge currents and conditioning behaviour of vacuum gaps

The dielectric "management" in vacuum circuit breakers influences more and more design, development and production strategies. In this regard lightning impulse voltage is the most decisive parameter. Measurements and evaluation of dielectric parameters in open position are thus a meaningful task for vacuum circuit-breaker design and development. Usually contact systems are conditioned to get a reliable electric strength. Many conditioning methods are known. In experimental investigations with lightning impulse voltage, as described in this paper, the impulse voltage test itself can be used to condition the contact systems. For this purpose, plate-plate electrodes from different materials (stainless steel, brass, copper an copper-chromium) are stressed and conditioned with lightning impulse voltage (1.2/50mus). The decreasing micro discharge current level while conditioning routine makes it possible to set a limit for the current value. Conditioning is finished by falling below this limit. The breakdown strength is influenced by the conditioning procedure and micro discharge currents as well
Carbon and Hydrogen Stable Isotope Fractionation Associated with the Aerobic and Anaerobic Degradation of Saturated and Alkylated Aromatic Hydrocarbons

Saturated hydrocarbons (alkanes) and alkylated aromatic hydrocarbons are abundant environmental compounds. Hydrocarbons are primarily removed from the environment by biodegradation, a process usually associated with moderate carbon and significant hydrogen isotope fractionation allowing monitoring of biodegradation processes in the environment. Here, we review the carbon and hydrogen stable isotope fractionation associated with the cleavage of C-H bonds at alkyl chains of hydrocarbons. Propane, n-butane and ethylbenzene were used as model components for alkyl moieties of aliphatic and aromatic hydrocarbons with emphasis on the cleavage of the C-H bond without the involvement of molecular oxygen. The carbon and hydrogen isotope fractionation factors were further used to explore the diagnostic potential for characterizing the mode of bond cleavage under oxic and anoxic conditions. Λ factors, calculated to correlate carbon and hydrogen fractionation, allowed to distinguish between aerobic and anaerobic biodegradation processes in the environment.
Epidemiological characteristics of reported sporadic and outbreak cases of E. coli O157 in people from Alberta, Canada (2000–2002): methodological challenges of comparing clustered to unclustered data

SUMMARY Using multivariable models, we compared whether there were significant differences between reported outbreak and sporadic cases in terms of their sex, age, and mode and site of disease transmission. We also determined the potential role of administrative, temporal, and spatial factors within these models. We compared a variety of approaches to account for clustering of cases in outbreaks including weighted logistic regression, random effects models, general estimating equations, robust variance estimates, and the random selection of one case from each outbreak. Age and mode of transmission were the only epidemiologically and statistically significant covariates in our final models using the above approaches. Weighing observations in a logistic regression model by the inverse of their outbreak size appeared to be a relatively robust and valid means for modelling these data. Some analytical techniques, designed to account for clustering, had difficulty converging or producing realistic measures of association.
The Role of the Blobs in Determining the Perception of Drifting Plaids and Their Motion Aftereffects

Motion aftereffects (MAEs) can be induced by adaptation to a pair of differently oriented drifting gratings whether the gratings are presented simultaneously, as a coherent plaid, or in alternation. The fact that the former MAEs were generally larger than the latter led to the suggestion that simultaneous adaptation involved higher-level extrastriate processes not involved in the alternating effects. In the past few years evidence has accumulated that the difference is in fact due to a low-level monocular process which can be termed the ‘blob-tracking mechanism’. A review is presented of the evidence on MAEs induced by simultaneous and alternating adaptation, the evidence for the monocularity of the blob-tracking mechanism, the data which implicate the blob mechanism in the determination of MAE magnitude, perceived plaid drift direction, and in perceived plaid coherence.
Increasing stair climbing in a train station ; effects of contextual variables and visibility Running title : Increasing stair climbing in a station

Accumulation of physical activity during daily living is a current public health target that is influenced by the layout of the built environment. This study reports how the layout of the environment may influence responsiveness to an intervention. Pedestrian choices (n = 41 717) between stairs and the adjacent escalators were monitored for seven weeks in a train station (Birmingham, UK). After a 3.5 week baseline period, a stair riser banner intervention to increase stair climbing was installed on two staircases adjacent to escalators and monitoring continued for a further 3.5 weeks. Logistic regression analyses revealed that the visibility of the intervention, defined as the area of visibility in the horizontal plane opposite to the direction of travel (termed the isovist) had a major effect on success of the intervention. Only the largest isovist produced an increase in stair climbing (isovist=77.6 m, OR = 1.10, CIs 1.02-1.19; isovist=40.7 m, OR = 0.98, CIs 0.91-1.06; isovist=53.2 m, OR = 1.00, CIs 0.95-1.06). Additionally, stair climbing was more common during the morning rush hour (OR = 1.56, CIs 1.80-2.59) and at higher levels of pedestrian traffic volume (OR = 1.92, CIs 1.68-2.21). The layout of the intervention site can influence responsiveness to point-of-choice interventions. Changes to the design of train stations may maximize the choice of the stairs at the expense of the escalator by pedestrians leaving the
Inhaled nitric oxide in newborns with severe hypoxic respiratory failure.

BACKGROUND Respiratory failure in term and near term infants is often associated with persistent pulmonary hypertension of the newborn and contributes to hypoxemia in these infants. Inhaled nitric oxide (iNO) is currently used as a pulmonary vasodilator to improve oxygenation in neonates with severe respiratory failure. OBJECTIVE To determine outcome of administration of iNO in severe hypoxic respiratory failure. MATERIAL AND METHOD The present study was conducted from 1999 to 2004 in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) at Queen Sirikit National Institute of Child Health. Patients were selected from all infants > or = 34 weeks gestational age who required high frequency oscillatory ventilation (SLE 2000 HFO, SLE, UK) or conventional mechanical ventilation for hypoxemic respiratory failure caused by PPHN. Diagnosis was confirmed by 2-D echocardiogram visualization with right to left shunt through the foramen ovale or patent ductus arteriosus. Inhaled nitric oxide was given as standard therapy in patients who had two oxygenation indices > or = 20 at least 30 minutes apart after being on a mechanical ventilator. RESULTS Fifty-five cases were enrolled and male to female ratio was 22.2 tol. The survival rate was 76.4 percent. Inhaled nitric oxide significantly improved oxygenation index, arterial alveolar oxygen tension ratio (a/A O2), and alveolar arterial oxygen gradient in survivors at one hour after treatment. The earliest improvement in oxygen saturation was within ten minutes. Meconium aspiration syndrome was the most common underlying cause of PPHN. No acute complication was found during nitric oxide administration. Chronic lung diseases, delayed development and severe hearing loss in long-term follow up were found in 10, 5, and 2 cases, respectively. CONCLUSION Inhaled nitric oxide should be used early in severe hypoxic respiratory failure with persistent pulmonary hypertension of newborn and can improve survival rates without any major immediate side effects.
Optimal spacing of surface electrode arrays for brain–machine interface applications

Brain–machine interfaces (BMIs) use signals recorded directly from the brain to control an external device, such as a computer cursor or a prosthetic limb. These control signals have been recorded from different levels of the brain, from field potentials at the scalp or cortical surface to single neuron action potentials. At present, the more invasive recordings have better signal quality, but also lower stability over time. Recently, subdural field potentials have been proposed as a stable, good quality source of control signals, with the potential for higher spatial and temporal bandwidth than EEG. Here we used finite element modeling in rats and humans and spatial spectral analysis in rats to compare the spatial resolution of signals recorded epidurally (outside the dura), with those recorded from subdural and scalp locations. Resolution of epidural and subdural signals was very similar in rats and somewhat less so in human models. Both were substantially better than signals recorded at the scalp. Resolution of epidural and subdural signals in humans was much more similar when the cerebrospinal fluid layer thickness was reduced. This suggests that the less invasive epidural recordings may yield signals of similar quality to subdural recordings, and hence may be more attractive as a source of control signals for BMIs.
Longitudinal estimates of puberty timing in Senegalese adolescent girls

This study aimed to assess the timing of sexual maturation (breast development and menarche occurrence) among sub‐Saharan African adolescent girls from rural areas. In the framework of a longitudinal study of growth at puberty, the stages of pubertal development (Tanner classification) and menarche occurrence were recorded at intervals between 1995 and 2000 in a sample of 406 Senegalese adolescent girls from a rural area. Nutritional status was estimated during infancy, childhood, and adolescence within this sample, and body composition was estimated only during adolescence. At the beginning of the study (1995), the adolescent girls were 11.4 years old (SD = 0.6). At the end of the study, they were 16.5 years old (SD = 0.6). Median and quartile ages at entry into each maturity stage and its confidence limits were estimated by a lognormal parametric survival model. These adolescent girls were shorter and thinner than girls of the same age from developed countries. Median age at the onset of breast development was 12.6 years (95% CI = 12.5–12.8). Median age at the end of sexual maturation and median age at menarche were estimated respectively at 15.8 years (95% CI = 15.7–15.9) and 15.9 years (95% CI = 15.7–15.9). These adolescent girls were less mature than other adolescent girls of the same age from other developing countries. Their puberty was extremely delayed compared to that of adolescent girls of the same age from industrialized countries. Puberty in these Senegalese adolescent girls is delayed by about 3 years. This may be due to malnutrition, significant energy expenditure, and poor diet and living conditions, and possibly to genetic control. Am. J. Hum. Biol. 17:718–730, 2005. © 2005 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Nonvariceal Upper Gastrointestinal Bleeding Upper Gastrointestinal Bleeding Score for Differentiating Variceal and Nonvariceal Upper Gastrointestinal Bleeding Jaroon Chasawat Varayu Prachayakul Supot Pongprasobchai

Background: Upper gastrointestinal bleeding (UGIB) is a common gastrointestinal emergency. In the place where urgent esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD) is unavailable, empirical pharmacological therapy with vasoactive drugs for variceal bleeding or proton pump inhibitors for nonvariceal bleeding is recommended. However, the values of using clinical data for predicting the types of UGIB are unclear. The aim of this study is to determine the values and efficacy of clinical and basic laboratory parameters in predicting the types of UGIB. Methods: All patients with UGIB underwent EGD within 72 hours. Clinical and basic laboratory parameters were collected prospectively. The associations between each factors and the final diagnosis of UGIB were assessed using univariate and multivariate analysis. Model of a predicting score to predict the type of UGIB was developed. Results: Two hundreds and sixty-one patients with UGIB were enrolled into the study. Of these, 47 (18%) were variceal and 214 (82%) were nonvariceal bleeding. Univariate analysis identified 27 distinct parameters associated with the types of UGIB. A stepwise logistic regression analysis identified 3 variables as independent factors to predict types of UGIB; previous diagnosis of cirrhosis or presence of signs of chronic liver disease (OR 22.4, 95% CI 8.3-60.4), red or bloody vomitus (OR 4.6, 95% CI 1.7-11.9), and red or bloody NG aspirate (OR 3.3, 95% CI 1.3-8.3). Variceal bleeding predicting scoring model was developed as: Z = (3.1 × previously diagnosed cirrhosis or presence of signs of chronic liver disease) + (1.4 × red or bloody vomitus) + (1.2 × red or bloody NG aspirate) 4.1, while 1 and 0 are used for the presence and absence of each factor, respectively. The probability of variceal bleeding is calculated from 1/(1+e -Z) or by plotting to the exponential graph. The probabilities of variceal bleeding are >90%, >60%, <10% and <5% for the presence of 3, 2, 1 and 0 factors, respectively. Conclusion: Three clinical parameters and variceal bleeding predicting score are useful to predict the types of UGIB and may aid clinical judgment for the initial management of UGIB before endoscopy.
Neuroprotection of midbrain dopaminergic cells in MPTP‐treated mice after near‐infrared light treatment

This study explores whether near‐infrared (NIr) light treatment neuroprotects dopaminergic cells in the substantia nigra pars compacta (SNc) and the zona incerta‐hypothalamus (ZI‐Hyp) from degeneration in 1‐methyl‐4‐phenyl‐1,2,3,6‐tetrahydropyridine (MPTP)‐treated mice. BALB/c albino mice were divided into four groups: 1) Saline, 2) Saline‐NIr, 3) MPTP, 4) MPTP‐NIr. The injections were intraperitoneal and they were followed immediately by NIr light treatment (or not). Two doses of MPTP, mild (50 mg/kg) and strong (100 mg/kg), were used. Mice were perfused transcardially with aldehyde fixative 6 days after their MPTP treatment. Brains were processed for tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) immunochemistry. The number of TH+ cells was estimated using the optical fractionator method. Our major finding was that in the SNc there were significantly more dopaminergic cells in the MPTP‐NIr compared to the MPTP group (35%–45%). By contrast, in the ZI‐Hyp there was no significant difference in the numbers of cells in these two groups. In addition, our results indicated that survival in the two regions after MPTP insult was dose‐dependent. In the stronger MPTP regime, the magnitude of loss was similar in the two regions (≈60%), while in the milder regime cell loss was greater in the SNc (45%) than ZI‐Hyp (≈30%). In summary, our results indicate that NIr light treatment offers neuroprotection against MPTP toxicity for dopaminergic cells in the SNc, but not in the ZI‐Hyp. J. Comp. Neurol. 518:25–40, 2010. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Secular changes in intakes of foods among New Zealand adults from 1997 to 2008/09

Abstract Objective To examine changes in the food choices of New Zealand (NZ) adults, between the 1997 National Nutrition Survey (NNS97) and the 2008/09 NZ Adult Nutrition Survey (2008/09 NZANS). Design The 2008/09 NZANS and the NNS97 were cross-sectional surveys of NZ adults (aged 15 years and over). Dietary intake data were collected using a computer-based 24 h diet recall. Logistic regression models were used to examine changes over time in the percentage reporting each food group, with survey year, sex and age group (19–30 years, 31–50 years, 51–70 years, ≥71 years) as the variables. Setting NZ households. Subjects Adults aged 19 years and over (NNS97, n 4339; 2008/09 NZANS, n 3995). Results In the 2008/09 NZANS compared with NNS97, males and females were less likely to report consuming bread, potatoes, beef, vegetables, breakfast cereal, milk, cheese, butter, pies, biscuits, cakes and puddings, and sugar/confectionery (all P<0·001). In contrast, there was an increase in the percentage reporting rice and rice dishes (P<0·001), and among females a reported increase in snacks and snack bars (e.g. crisps, extruded snacks, muesli bars; P=0·007) and pasta and pasta dishes (P=0·017). Although food choices were associated with sex and age group, there were few differential changes between the surveys by sex or age group. Conclusions For all age groups there was a shift in the percentage who reported consuming the traditional NZ foods, namely bread, beef, potatoes and vegetables, towards more rice and rice dishes. Declines in the consumption of butter, pies, biscuits, cakes and puddings are congruent with current dietary guidelines.
Design and application of the u-SM teaching and learning model for an efficient ubiquitous learning

According to the development of the computer and communication technology, the educational environment is advancing to ubiquitous learning(u-Learning) which learners take an active part in studying contents, studying time and studying order. In order to increase effects of u-Learning, assistance and advice from the specialist is needed earnestly. Accordingly, if the scaffolding and the mentoring in the u-Learning are provided, studying efficiency would be maximized. This paper proposes u-SM(Ubiquitous Scaffolding and Mentoring) teaching and learning model which applies the scaffolding and e-mentoring. In addition, it embodies and applies the designed u-SM model. Then it examines it affects in studying achievements and attitudes of students and verifies the application possibility of the u-SM teaching and learning.