Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Gender differences in self-care for common colds by primary care patients: a European multicenter survey on the prevalence and patterns of practices (the COCO study)

ABSTRACT Although generally harmless, the common cold disturbs the lives of billions yearly. It is frequently treated by self-care, yet little is known about the effect gender may have on self-care. Our study set out to discover whether self-care for common colds differs by gender. We also wanted to test the ‘Man cold’ belief: that men ‘break down’ when they have a cold and suffer more than women when they are sick. We distributed questionnaires asking for a selection of self-care practices in eight categories to 3,240 consecutive patients in 14 Eurasian countries at 27 primary care sites. Of 2,654 patients included, 99% reported engaging in self-care for common colds. Discomfort was reported more frequently by women (74.7% vs. 66.5%, p < 0.001). There were gender differences in several self-care categories. The mean use of self-care items was higher in women than in men (12.0 vs. 10.3, p < 0.001). Women reported a greater variety of self-care items than men. However, more men reported using alcohol (17.8% vs. 8.4%, p < 0.001). This cross-national study documented gender differences in self-care for common colds.
An Analysis of the Impact of Various Sampling Designs on the Headcount Index: A Simulation Study Based on the EU-SILC

The analysis and the comparison of poverty between regions and countries are important topics in social sciences, which have relevant demands of many national (Cáritas, Intermón Oxfam, Cruz Roja, etc) and international (UN, World Bank, OECD, Eurostat, IMF, etc) agencies and organizations. One of the most common poverty indicators in practice is the headcount index, which analyzes the proportion of individuals considered as poor in a population. In this paper, we first analyze the impact on the headcount index when different sampling designs are considered. Note that this study is based on real data sets taken from different countries of the European Union, and the empirical measures for comparisons are based on different Monte Carlo simulation studies. For instance, we observe that stratified sampling has the best performance in comparison to alternative sampling designs. Post-stratification performs similar to simple random sampling without replacement, and the use of auxiliary information provides similar results to ones derived from stratified sampling. Second, we also analyze the empirical performance of different variance estimators under the commented sampling designs. We conclude that they have a similar empirical performance, and they provide, in general, confidence intervals with desirable coverage rates.
827 Elucidating the roles of PIK3IP1/TrIP immune regulation on distinct T cell subsets in the context of cancer

The signaling pathways involving phosphoinositide-3-kinases (PI3Ks) are highly conserved and tightly regulated to influence the activation, proliferation, and survival of all cell types. PI3K signaling plays a major role in T cell responses to antigen due to its position directly downstream of T cell receptor (TCR)/CD28 ligation. Our lab has recently shown that the cell surface protein TrIP (Transmembrane Inhibitor of PI3K, gene name: Pik3ip1) is capable of downregulating PI3K signaling in CD4+ T cells and can act as a negative regulator of T cell immune responses.1 This negative immune regulation was just recently reported to promote anti-tumor immunity, implicating TrIP as a potential immunotherapy target.2 Interestingly, although all effector subsets re-express TrIP to varying degrees, public expression data shows that Treg cells maintain higher TrIP message than other T-effector subsets.3Using a conditional TrIP knockout mouse model developed in our lab, we have begun to interrogate how TrIP expression regulates the opposing activities of CD8+ T cells vs. Treg and how these affect the overall tumor immune landscape. With Treg-specific TrIP KO, we assessed the effects on syngeneic tumor growth in vivo, as well as analyzed primary and tumor-derived Treg phenotypes ex-vivo.Thus far, we have found that TrIP knockout in the Treg compartment leads to no detectable differences in tumor burden. However, the lack of TrIP expression on Treg does have some effect on the effector phenotype of Treg cells isolated from the tumor.We describe preliminary data on the role of TrIP in Treg function and phenotype and have begun to explore its effects on the tumor microenvironment. To build on this work we are currently developing TrIP over-expressing lentiviral constructs to compliment the knockout approaches described here. We have also now obtained mice with tamoxifen-inducible TrIP KO in Treg, so we will determine whether the timing of TrIP deletion affects the impact of TrIP deficiency.Uche UU, Piccirillo AR, Kataoka S, Grebinoski SJ, D’Cruz LM, Kane LP. PIK3IP1/TrIP restricts activation of T cells through inhibition of PI3K/Akt. J Exp Med 2018;215:3165–3179. doi:10.1084/jem.20172018. Chen Y, Wang J, Wang X, Li X, Song J, Fang J, et al. Pik3ip1 Is a Negative Immune Regulator that Inhibits Antitumor T-Cell Immunity. Clin Cancer Res 2019;25:6180–6194. doi:10.1158/1078-0432.CCR-18-4134.Heng TSP, Painter MW, Immunological Genome Project Consortium. The immunological genome project: networks of gene expression in immune cells. Nat Immunol 2008;9:1091–1094. doi:10.1038/ni1008-1091.
Oxidative Cascade Prognosis, Antioxidants & Selected Trace Elements in COVID-19

COVID-19 pandemic has now become a challenging global public health concern, having higher risk of developing fatal respiratory disease due to severe inflammatory responses associated with the virus-mediated oxidative stress. The respiratory system is most preferred target organ for this novel virus as the lung is well oxygenated and having large surface area available to the virus for exposure and successively augmenting the health complications. Oxidative stress (OS) is an important factor causing metabolic and physiological alteration and various disease augmentations within the body. Respiratory viral infection has general consociation with cytokine production, inflammation, cell death and other pathophysiological processes which may be the result of perturbed redox balance. Apart from this, the presence of conditions likes aging, diabetes and hypertension and chronic obstructive pulmonary diseases (COPD) are the risk factor for making severity of such infection outcome. It has been well established that an overproduction of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and antioxidant mechanisms deprivation are vital step for viral replica production and consequent release of pro-inflammatory cytokines is also an important factor of the innate immune responses to the pathogens that may result into acute lung damage. Additionally, ROS can damage various vital biological molecules and inactivation of essential enzymes. Oxidative stress is an important factor causing metabolic and other pathophysiological alterations, such as protein oxidations and various associated diseases. Therefore, in this paper, the significant adverse impact of virus on host cell and underlying possible biochemical mechanism has been discussed.
Experimental Study on Capillary Migration of Water and Salt in Wall Painting PlasterA Case Study at Mogao Grottoes, China

ABSTRACT The plaster of the wall paintings at Mogao Grottoes is all made of earth, and the migration of water and salt in this kind of plaster is one of the most important factors that cause the deterioration of the wall paintings. However, the characteristics of the migration in the earthen plaster, which are quite crucial for the research on the formation mechanism of deteriorations and the conservation treatments, have not been fully comprehended yet. In order to study the migration rule of water and salt in the plaster, different types of simulated plasters were made according to the material composition of the plaster at Mogao Grottoes. Through a series of experiments and analyses, pore-size distribution, microstructure and capillary migration rules of the plasters were characterized. Due to the difference in capillary performance, a capillary barrier effect will occur at the interface between the coarse plaster and the fine plaster. After the capillary migration, the salt is more likely to accumulate on the area of the capillary front, which will directly damage the paint layer. And the salt-water migration process inside the plaster will make the plaster structure loose and porous. Therefore, it is important to prevent rain infiltration and the rising damp after rainfall for wall painting conservation.
Protective Effect of Victory Onion (Allium victorialis L.) Extract on Reproductive System Injury in Male Rats

Aqueous and ethanol extracts of A. victorialis were obtained by reflux extraction. A model of kidney yang deficiency as established by injecting hydrocortisone into male Sprague-Dawley rats. The experimental groups (n=8 rats per group) consisted of blank group, kidney yang deficiency group, and Jingui Shenqi control group (oral administration of Jingui Shenqi herbal preparation). In the treated groups, A. victorialis aqueous or ethanol extract was applied at doses of 1000, 800, or 400 mg/kg. In the model group, kidney yang was associated with loss of appetite, increased drinking water consumption and urine output, and decreased range of activity. With a longer injection time, body weight slowly increased, the body temperature decreased, the response was slow, kyphosis was evident in the back of the bow, and body hair became sparse and lost luster in treated group.
Pengaruh Faktor-faktor Tekanan Kerja dalam kalangan Guru di Sekolah Menengah: Satu Analisis Persamaan Struktur (SEM-PLS)

Kajian yang dijalankan adalah bertujuan untuk menganalisis data beberapa pemboleh ubah eksogen yang diramalkan mempunyai pengaruh terhadap pemboleh ubah endogen (tekanan kerja) dalam kalangan guru. Kaedah penyelidikan kuantitatif melalui analisis Permodelan Persamaan Struktur-Kuasa Dua Terkecil Separa (SEM PLS) digunakan untuk menilai model hipotesis yang menghubungkan kesemua konstruk dengan menggunakan aplikasi Smart PLS versi 3.0. Analisis dalam bentuk model mendapati bahawa kesemua pemboleh ubah eksogen iaitu faktor Tingkah Laku Pelajar, Kekangan Masa dan Beban Tugas mempunyai pengaruh yang signifikan terhadap tekanan kerja. Data utama kajian diperoleh melalui pentadbiran soal selidik kepada 350 orang guru sekolah menengah yang mengajar di Sabah. Permodelan Persamaan Struktur (SEM-PLS) digunakan secara statistik bagi tujuan mengesahkan hipotesis model terakhir Tekanan Kerja. Penyelidikan ini diharapkan dapat mengisi jurang korpus ilmu dan pengetahuan dengan memberi tumpuan kepada sumbangan kuantitatif yang signifikan berkaitan penerokaan faktor-faktor paling dominan terhadap masalah tekanan kerja khususnya dalam kalangan guru. Penemuan kajian ini turut mendedahkan faktor paling berpengaruh terhadap tekanan kerja ialah faktor kekangan masa dengan nilai varians sebanyak 43%. Selain itu, kajian turut mendapati peranan faktor beban tugas sebagai pemboleh ubah perantara separa antara pemboleh ubah tingkah laku pelajar, dan kekangan masa terhadap tekanan kerja. Implikasi kajian memberi petunjuk bahawa amalan pengurusan masa yang tidak cekap dalam mengurus dan melaksana pelbagai tugas di sekolah jelas memberi kesan negatif terhadap keberkesanan profesionalisme sehingga membawa kepada masalah tekanan kerja. Oleh itu, pengurusan masa secara efektif sewajarnya dapat diamalkan agar segala tanggungjawab yang diberi dapat dilaksanakan dengan sebaik mungkin.
EVALUATION OF COGNITIVE FUNCTIONS IN NEURODEGENERATION

Cognitive functions and their disorders in patients with neurodegenerative diseases are an urgent problem of modern neurology. Such functions include memory, attention, praxis, gnosis, language, thinking, control functions. The study of the neuropsychological profile allows a more accurate picture of the involvement in the pathological process of various brain structures and thus facilitate the differential diagnosis. The aim of the research: on the basis of studying of cognitive features of patients with neurodegenerative (demyelinating) pathology to consider possibilities of their psychoneurological adaptation. Materials and methods. The survey data of 104 patients with remitting type of multiple sclerosis, who were treated at the state institution “Institute of Neurology, Psychiatry and Addiction of the National Academy of Medical Sciences of Ukraine” are presented. To study the disorders of verbal memory, the method of A. R. Luria “Memorization of 10 words” was used, which allows to estimate such parameters as the amount of direct memory and the strength of delayed memory (i.e. indicators of short-term and long-term memory). The Schulte Table method was used to study arbitrary attention disorders. This technique allows you to evaluate such characteristics of random attention as volume, functions of concentration distribution and switching of attention. Results. The data obtained indicate that, depending on the severity of relapses, there are significant differences in the course of mnestic processes. It was found that in severe variants of remissions in women with relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS) more pronounced than in men, there is a lack of ability to work and exhaustion. Conclusions. It is concluded that the assessment of cognitive deficit out of connection with personal characteristics and emotional and volitional disorders significantly reduces the informativeness and ability to correct cognitive dysfunction. Timely detection of cognitive and emotional-personal changes can not only improve the quality of life of patients with neurodegenerative diseases, but also act as an independent part of the psychoneurological model of adaptation of this category of patients.
Flavonoids and Xanthones From the Genus Iris: Phytochemistry, Relationships with Flower Colors and Taxonomy, and Activities and Function

The genus Iris consists of approximately 360 species and is distributed to Eurasia, North Africa, and North America. Belamcanda chinensis was incorporated into the genus Iris by APG III as Iris domestica. Iris species have also been cultivated as ornamentals since ancient times. Many flavonoids are isolated and identified from the flowers, leaves, and rhizomes. So far as we know, 6 anthocyanidins, 13 flavones, 20 flavonols, 20 C-glycosylflavones, 14 flavanones, 11 dihydroflavonols, 6 flavan and proanthocyanidins, and 85 isoflavonoids were reported as aglycones and glycosides. However, chalcones, dihydrochalcones, aurones, biflavonoids, and neoflavonoids are not found in the genus Iris. Fifteen xanthones that are related to flavonoids were also isolated from Iris species. In this review, we describe the flavonoids and xanthones that were isolated and characterized from Iris species. Moreover, their phytochemistry, contribution to the flower colors, relationships with taxonomy, and activities and functions are also discussed.
Decision Tree‐Based Entries Reduction scheme using multi‐match attributes to prevent flow table overflow in SDN environment

The software‐defined networking is used extensively in data centers that provide centralized control for the widely deployed networking resources. The traffic is shaped by rules created by the controller dynamically without modifying the individual switch. The key component that stores rules which are used to process the flows is the flow table which resides in the ternary content addressable memory. The current commercial OpenFlow appliances accommodate limited entries up to 8000 due to its high cost and high power consumption. There are two issues to be considered, where (1) flow table's inability to provide rules during flow table overflow leads to dropping of incoming packets and (2) the significant amount of rule replacement occurs when the traffic in data centers increases which creates massive route requests to controller creating overhead. The proposed scheme prevents flow table overflow using the robust machine learning algorithm called decision tree (Iterative Dichotomiser 3) that allows the flow table to learn its high prioritized fine‐grained entries by means of multiple matching attributes. The entries are classified, and the usual eviction process is replaced by pushing the low important entries into counting bloom filter which acts as a cache to prevent flow entry miss. The simulations were carried out using real‐time network traffic datasets, and the comparisons with the various existing schemes prove that the proposed approach reduces 99.99% of the controller's overhead and the entries are minimized to 99% providing extra space for new flows.
Classification of Tomato Plants Diseases Using Convolutional Neural Network

Tomato plants are many cultivated by farmers to get their fruit. Several obstacles in the cultivation process result in the process of producing products that require maximization. Constraints faced by farmers are diseases that attack plants. Farmers in dealing with the disease simply recognize the disease with their naked eyes and take action without knowing how to deal with it. Several approaches have been made in the recognition process that can be handled by using deep learning. The results shown using this process produce a good performance. Therefore, this paper has the aim of making and evaluating recognition of the diseases in plants seen on tomato leaves automatically using a deep learning approach. Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) is one of the deep learning methods used in handling object recognition processes. Recognition process tomato plants disease used a data set consisting of 6 different types of disease. Recognition process used 100 image data for each type of disease as training data, while as many as 60 image data are used as testing. This study used three different types of data sets that are used differently, consisting of original image RGB, blending images, and a mixture of RGB images and blending images. The classification results using a mixture of RGB images and blending images have a better performance than others by producing a Genuine Acceptance Rate (GAR) of 96.7% following by the percentage of False Acceptance Rate (FAR) values of 3.3% and False Rejection Rate (FRR) of 3.3%.
Clastogenic effect by recreative exposure to marijuana in individuals from the Estado de Mexico: Pilot study

Cannabis sativa is the most trafficked illicit substance in the world, 147 million people consume it recreationally. This plant contains more than 100 phytocannabinoids, the most important being 1-delta-9tetrahydrocannabinol (THC). The genotoxic effect of cannabinoids has been proven in vitro and in vivo models, where damage to nuclear DNA and chromosomal aberrations (CA) was observed. This shows the clastogenic potential of this drug. In this research, we study genotoxic damage in Mexican individuals recreationally exposed to marijuana. The study of chromosomal aberrations was performed in 48 hour lymphocyte cultures of 30 exposed and 30 no exposed individuals. 100 metaphases were analyzed per sample. The type of CA was identified and counted. The number of CAs identified in the exposed group was 344 with a median of 9.5; the no exposed group had 218 CAs, with a median of 6.5. The statistical analysis showed a significant difference between both groups, p=0.013. Chromatid and chromosomal breaks were the most frequent aberrations. Comparing the exposure time vs. frequency of CA in the exposed group, we did not find a significant difference between sub-groups from 1 to 5 and 6 to 11 years. Similarly, in the analysis of the last exposure date vs CA, no significant differences were observed between the subgroups <1 week and >1 week. Our results show an increase in the frequency of the number of CAs in the individuals recreationally exposed. These results show evidence of the genotoxic potential of marijuana.
Cystic partially differentiated nephroblastoma: A rare case of kidney tumor in an infant

AB ST R ACT Cystic partially differentiated nephroblastoma (CPDN) is among the rare kidney tumors of childhood. Here, a case of CPDN in a baby who was operated with the diagnosis of multicystic kidney is reported. Clinical and imaging studies have a limited role in the differential diagnosis and diagnosis of this entity. A careful histopathological study is required to distinguish between CPDN and other types of multicystic kidneys. Because of the rare potential for aggressive behavior of this tumor, nephrectomy is the treatment of choice alone.
Influence Of Media On Lingvo-Cultural Competence Of Students

Over the last decades the relationship between language and culture has become one of the most important issues in the field of foreign language teaching and learning. The teaching of culture has become a more central element, and culture has acquired a more central role in the foreign language curriculum, in our pedagogical thinking and classroom practice. With the new formulation of the problem of teaching foreign languages, it became obvious that a radical increase in the level of instruction in communication, communication between people of different nationalities can be achieved only with a clear understanding and real consideration of the sociocultural factor. The call to integrate intercultural knowledge and competence into the heart of education is an imperative born of seeing ourselves as members of a world community, knowing that we share the future with others. The intercultural knowledge and competence rubric suggests a systematic way to measure our capacity to identify our own cultural patterns, compare and contrast them with others, and adapt empathically and flexibly to unfamiliar ways of being. Global media can help students to become familiar with the cultural events, political and economic processes taking place in society, the peculiarities of the mentality and social life, to learn more about traditions, cultural values, social life and realities of modern life. Students of different specialties get more information about their subject matter and expand their knowledge of English. 2357-1330 © 2020 Published by European Publisher.
Succession and Ownership in Family Businesses

Purpose: We assess the relationship between a potential change in the ownership structure and the change in the scope of control over managing a family business. Design/Methodology/Approach: Analyzing the data characterizing the 500 largest family businesses, correlations between variables were calculated to observe relationships that primarily affect the size of family shares in the company and family impact on management. Findings: The reduction of family shares is also associated with the loss of participation in the company's management board due to increased management board members. This may also result in the CEO changing to a non-family member, which further weakens company management control. Practical Implications: The analysis results show that as the family share in the family business decreases, it loses control over management. Thoughtfully planning and carrying out the succession process to maintain the family's ownership seems to be crucial. Originality/Value: The political transformation in the 1990s in CEE countries resulted in the creation of many private companies, most of which can be considered family businesses. After about 30 years of operation, many of them face transferring ownership and management to the next generation, which may determine their further development. In the case of family businesses, succession is often referred to as the main goal of this enterprise type.