Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Reckoning With the Relation Between Stressors and Suicide Attempts in a Time of Covid-19

Abstract The Covid-19 pandemic presents a unique set of risk exposures to populations, which may lead to an increase in suicide. While large-scale traumatic events are known to increase psychological disorders, thus far the science has not shown a clear link between these events and suicide. In their paper in this issue, Elbogen and colleagues (Am J Epidemiol. 2020;(XX):XXXX–XXXX) use representative data from the National Epidemiologic Survey on Alcohol and Related Conditions (NESARC) to show that four dimensions of financial strain—financial debt/crisis, unemployment, past homelessness, lower income—are associated with subsequent suicide attempts. There are three main learnings we may take from Elbogen et al: first, with populations facing record-breaking unemployment, economic recession, and reduced wages, we can anticipate an increase in suicide in the wake of the Covid-19 pandemic. Second, these data show the centrality of financial stressors, marking the current moment as distinct from other disasters or large-scale trauma. Third, the data teach us that financial stressors are linked, and cumulative. In this way, the paper is a sobering harbinger of the potential effects on suicide of the collective stressors borne by the Covid-19 pandemic and other mass traumatic events that are accompanied by substantial financial stressors.
Chinese hamster ovary (CHO-K1) cells expressed native insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) gene towards efficient mammalian cell culture host system

Insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) has been shown to promote cell proliferation and inhibit apoptosis of cells. These are two characteristics of mammalian cell culture which may lead to high density cell culture producing optimal desired yield of bioproducts. An inherent secretion of IGF-1 protein from host cells into the culture media is hypothesized to enable reduction or removable of serum from culture media, thus reducing cost. This study was set to investigate the IGF-1 gene expression in Chinese hamster ovary (CHO-K1) cells. The cells were first cultured in T-flask with three independent experiments. An 8-hourly sampling for responses (glucose, lactate, total protein and biomass) was done. PCR-based method was performed to study the expression of IGF-1 gene. To this end, it was confirmed that CHO-K1 cells used in this study expressed IGF-1 gene. The study also provides the baseline data on kinetics and biochemical responses of CHO-K1 cell growth. Together, the data would be particularly useful for further studies using CHO-K1 cells as efficient mammalian cell culture host system to produce biologics.
Studies in the Agaricales of New Zealand: Some new and revised species of Campanella (Tricholomataceae: Collybieae)

Abstract From a study of species of Campanella P. Hennings collected in New Zealand, descriptions are given of three new species, C. fimbriata, C. rubescens, and C. vinosolivida. Two species previously described from New Zealand as Resupinatus tristis and R. dorotheae have been re-examined and combined together as C. tristis comb. nov.
The cost of reproduction and sexual selection

When analysing how individuals allocate resources, sexual display should be regarded as is any other life-history trait: patterns of allocation are expected to be individually optimised. It thus follows that the costs of sexual selection cannot be studied by simply comparing unmanipulated individual effort and some measure of cost. This rather trivial consequence of life-history theory has received surprisingly little attention in studies of sexual selection despite the almost universal acceptance of the theory and the fact that several papers have addressed the question specifically in the context of sexual selection. We therefore again outline why sexual displays are expected to be optimised at the level of the individual and why individuals with high access to resources should generally display at higher levels than individuals short of resources. We use some recent findings from studies of birds and spiders particularly relevant to the above questions that illustrate these principles. The examples we present show that the cost of sexual selection could be mediated in many ways and we thus suggest that future studies should focus on such mechanisms.
Seed desiccation tolerance and storability: Dependence on flatulence-producing oligosaccharides and cyclitols—review and survey

Abstract Stachyose, raffinose and related flatulence-producing oligosaccharides (α-galactosyl derivatives of sucrose) are associated with desiccation tolerance and storability of seed germplasm. Orthodox seeds of species with a sucrose-to-oligosaccharide ratio of <1.0 have storability half-viability periods >10 years while those >1.0 have a storability half-viability period <10 years. Seeds vary in their composition of oligosaccharides and some accumulate α-galactosyl derivatives of cyclitols. Known and proposed pathways for biosynthesis of soluble oligosaccharides, cyclitols and galactosyl derivatives of cyclitols are presented. Axes, cotyledons, embryos or seeds of 19 species in 7 families (all orthodox seeds) were analysed for sucrose, galactosyl derivatives of sucrose, cyclitols and galactosyl derivatives of cyclitols by high resolution gas chromatography. Sucrose and myo-inositol are universally present and galactinol is present in seeds accumulating stachyose series oligosaccharides. Seeds of some species of Leguminosae accumulate mostly stachyose series oligosaccharides, whereas seeds of other species accumulate varying levels of galactosyl derivatives of cyclitols in addition. Castor bean (Euphorbiaceae) seeds accumulate galactinol and buckwheat (Polygonaceae) embryos accumulate galacto-chiro-inositol instead of the stachyose series oligosaccharides. The mass ratio of sucrose:non-sucrose is related to storability and is applicable to seeds accumulating cyclitol derivatives. Galactinol and galacto-chiro-inositol are proposed to function in the same role as raffinose and stachyose in facilitating desiccation tolerance and storability.
Distribution of SCC mec Types in Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Isolated from Burn Patients

Background: Methicillin resistance Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) isolates have been recognized as one of the most important causes of infection in burn patients that have recently shown a frequent and rapid development of antibiotic resistance. Objectives: The present study described the distribution of diﬀerent SCC mec types and antibiotic resistance pattern among MRSA strains isolated from burn patients in a referral burn center in Tehran, Iran. Methods: During a 12-month study, 189 MRSA isolates were obtained from burn patients. Standard culture and biochemical tests were used for identiﬁcation of MRSA isolates. The antibiotic susceptibility testing was performed using disc diﬀusion method and the presence of mec A, nucA , pvl , and tst encoding genes was determined using PCR method. In addition, the diﬀerent SCC mec types were determined using multiplex PCR. Results: All the MRSA isolates were observed to be resistant to amoxicillin and penicillin and sensitive to linezolid, teicoplanin, and vancomycin. The rates of resistance to other antibiotics varied from 86.2% for amikacin to 17.5% for quinupristin-dalfopristin. MDR was observed in all the isolates. Six diﬀerent antimicrobial resistance patterns were observed among our isolates. Based on the multiplex PCR assay, the two diﬀerent SCC mec types were detected as 71.4% type III and 28.6% type IV. In total, 8.5% of isolates harbored pvl toxin encoding gene all of which belonging to SCC mec type IV. Furthermore, 33 isolates (17.5%) harbored tst encoding gene. Conclusions: The results showed low diversity of SCCmec type among circulating MRSA in the burn center with relatively high prevalenceof SCCmec III. Theseﬁndingssupporttheneedformorestudiestoelucidatedistributionof diﬀerent SCCmec typesamong MRSA isolated from burn patients.
Mean arterial pressure estimated by brachial pulse wave analysis and comparison with currently used algorithms

Objective: Mean arterial pressure (MAP) is usually calculated by adding one-third of pulse pressure (PP) to DBP. This formula assumes that the average value of pulse waveform is constant in all individuals and coincides with 33.3% of PP amplitude (MAP = DBP + PP × 0.333). Other formulas were lately proposed to improve the MAP estimation, adding to DBP an established percentage of PP: MAP = DBP + PP × 0.40; MAP = DBP + PP × 0.412; MAP = DBP + PP × 0.333 + 5 mmHg. Methods: The current study evaluated the integral of brachial pulse waveform recorded by applanation tonometry in 1526 patients belonging to three distinct cohorts: normotensive or hypertensive elderly, hypertensive adults, and normotensive adults. Results: The percentage of PP to be added to DBP to obtain MAP was extremely variable among individuals, ranging from 23 to 58% (mean: 42.2 ± 5.5%), higher in women (42.9 ± 5.6%) than men (41.2 ± 5.1%, P < 0.001), lower in the elderly cohort (40.9 ± 5.3%) than in the general population cohort (42.8 ± 6.0%, P < 0.001) and in the hypertensive patients (42.4 ± 4.8%, P < 0.001). This percentage was significantly associated with DBP (β = 0.357, P < 0.001) and sex (β = 0.203, P < 0.001) and significantly increased after mental stress test in 19 healthy volunteers (from 39.9 ± 3.2 at baseline, to 43.0 ± 4.0, P < 0.0001). The average difference between MAP values estimated by formulas, compared with MAP assessed on the brachial tonometric curve, was (mean ± 1.96 × SD): −5.0 ± 6.7 mmHg when MAP = DBP + PP × 0333; −1.2 ± 6.1 mmHg when MAP = DBP + PP × 0.40; −0.6 ± 6.1 mmHg when MAP = DBP + PP × 0.412; −0.4 ± 6.7 mmHg when MAP = DBP + PP × 0.333 + 5. Conclusion: Due to high interindividual and intraindividual variability of pulse waveform, the estimation of MAP based on fixed formulas derived from SBP and DBP is unreliable. Conversely, a more accurate estimation of MAP should be based on the pulse waveform analysis.
Liolaemus puritamensis, A New Species of Iguanid Lizard Previously Confused with Liolaemus multiformis (Squamata: Iguanidae)

Liolaemus puritamensis es una nueva especie del norte de Chile en el altiplano de Antofagasta. Las caracteristicas diagnosticas son: a) escamas grandes con el borde parcialmente redondo y mis angostas que las especies del genero Velosaura, b) vientre oscuro con escamas blancas esparcidas, c) cuello mis ancho que la cabeza y, d) superficie dorsal cubierta con escamas yuxtapuestas y con escamas chicas entremezcladas. Esta especie fue anteriormente confundida con L. multiformis pero las diferencias entre las dos son: a) escamas diminutas en L. multiformis y gruesas en la nueva especie, b) ancho del cuello igual al ancho de la cabeza en L. multiformis, pero notablemente mis ancho en la nueva especie. Tambien existe un patron distinto de color en ambas especies.
Nodakenin alleviated obstructive nephropathy through blunting Snail1 induced fibrosis

Tubulointerstitial fibrosis plays an important role in end‐stage renal failure, and there are only limited therapeutic options available to preserve organ function. In the present study, we identified that nodakenin, a coumarin isolated from the roots of Angelicae gigas, functions effectively against unilateral ureteral obstruction (UUO)‐induced fibrosis via down‐regulating Snail1 expression. We established UUO‐induced renal fibrosis in mice and then administered with nodakenin orally ata a dose of 1 and 10 mg/kg. The in‐vivo results indicated that nodakenin protected obstructive nephropathy through its anti‐inflammatory and anti‐fibrotic properties. Nodakenin prevented the infiltration of inflammatory cells, alleviated the levels of pro‐inflammatory cytokines, reduced the polarization of macrophages and down‐regulating the aberrant deposition of extracellular matrix at the site of injury. Of note, nodakenin dramatically impeded Smad3, NF‐κB p65 phosphorylation and Snail1 expression. In line with in vivo studies, nodakenin suppressed the expression of Snail1, Smad3 phosphorylation and fibrogenesis in TGF‐β1‐treated renal epithelial cells in‐vitro. Furthermore, we found that the effect of nodaknin against fibrosis was reversed in Snail1 overexpressing cells, whereas nodakenin could not further reduce expression of fibrogenesis in Snail1 silenced cells, suggesting that nodaknein may function through a Snail1‐dependent manner. Collectively, this study reveal a critical role of nodakenin in the cure of renal fibrosis.
Research on Simultaneous Location and Mapping Algorithm of Intelligent vehicle Based on Improved Particle Filter Resampling

For the estimation problem that the Simultaneous Location and Mapping algorithm used in Intelligent vehicle suffers from sample impoverishment, a Multithreshold differential evolutionary particle resampling method is proposed. The method adopts different particle updating Strategys according to different thresholds of effective particle numbers. particle diversity will be rapidly improved by differential evolution when particle degradation is severe. When the particle degradation is light, the system resampling method is directly used to copy the large weight particles and eliminate the small weight particles. By adopting different particle regeneration strategies for particles with different degrees of degradation, the problem of particle degradation and depletion in the process of state estimation can be effectively solved. Simulation experiments show that the root mean square error of the improved algorithm pose is reduced by 2.592m compared with the traditional algorithm. The road sign estimation root mean square error is also reduced by 2.428m compared with the traditional algorithm. Experiments show that the multi-threshold differential particle filter resampling method can effectively improve the particle diversity and ensure the state estimation accuracy of the vehicle.
Rotavirus Disease and Genotype Diversity in Older Children and Adults in Australia

Abstract Background Rotavirus is a major cause of gastroenteritis in children <5 years of age. The disease burden in older children, adults, and the elderly is underappreciated. This study describes rotavirus disease and genotypic diversity in the Australian population comprising children ≥5 years of age and adults. Methods Rotavirus positive fecal samples were collected from laboratories Australia-wide participating in the Australian Rotavirus Surveillance Program between 2010 and 2018. Rotavirus samples were genotyped using a heminested multiplex reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction. Notification data from the National Notifiable Diseases Surveillance System were also analyzed. Results Rotavirus disease was highest in children aged 5–9 years and adults ≥85 years. G2P[4] was the dominant genotype in the population ≥5 years of age. Genotype distribution fluctuated annually and genotypic diversity varied among different age groups. Geographical differences in genotype distribution were observed based on the rotavirus vaccine administered to infants <1 year of age. Conclusions This study revealed a substantial burden of rotavirus disease in the population ≥5 years of age, particularly in children 5–9 years and the elderly. This study highlights the continued need for rotavirus surveillance across the population, despite the implementation of efficacious vaccines.
Mandibular shape variation in mainland and insular hylobatids

Although hylobatids are the most speciose of the living apes, their morphological interspecies and intraspecies variation remains poorly understood. Here, we assess mandibular shape variation in two species of Hylobates, white‐handed (Hylobates lar) and black‐handed (Hylobates agilis) gibbons. Using 71 three‐dimensional landmarks to quantify mandibular shape, interspecies and intraspecies variation and geographic patterns of mandibular shape are examined in a mixed sex sample of adult H. lar and H. agilis through generalized Procrustes analysis, Procrustes analysis of variance, and principal components analysis. We find that relative to H. agilis, H. lar exhibits a higher amount of variation in mandibular shape. Both species demonstrate similar allometric patterns in mandibular shape. We also highlight a geographic pattern in mandibular shape variation. Compared to mainland hylobatids, insular hylobatids have relatively lower, more posteriorly oriented, and anteroposteriorly wider mandibular condyles, with an increased distance between the condyles and the coronoid processes. This geographic pattern could reflect differences in functional demands on the mandible during mastication and/or could be driven by factors often associated with evolutionary pressures of island populations relative to mainland populations. The findings of this study highlight how little is known about Hylobates morphological variation and how important this is for using Hylobates to help interpret the primate fossil record. Understanding interspecific and intraspecific variation in extant primates is vital to interpreting variation in the primate fossil record.
A phase 2 trial of consolidation pembrolizumab following concurrent chemoradiation for patients with unresectable stage III non–small cell lung cancer: Hoosier Cancer Research Network LUN 14‐179

Five‐year overall survival (OS) for patients with unresectable stage III non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is poor. Until recently, a standard of care was concurrent chemoradiation alone. Patients with metastatic NSCLC treated with anti–programmed death 1 antibodies have demonstrated improved OS. This trial evaluated pembrolizumab as consolidation therapy after concurrent chemoradiation in patients with unresectable stage III disease.
Composition, structure and diversity of cove forest stands in the Great Smoky Mountains: a patch dynamics perspective

Cove forests of the Great Smoky Mountains are North American examples of old-growth temperate forest. Ecological attributes of seven stands were studied using one 0.6 - 1.0 ha plot per stand. Stand basal area (39 - 55 m2/ha) and biomass (326 - 471 Mg/ha) were high for temperate de- ciduous forest. Density ranged from 577 to 1075 stems/ha. All stands had a mixture of deciduous canopy species. Only rarely did a single species comprise more than half of the stand by density, basal area or biomass. Shade-intolerant species were present at low levels (1 - 5 % of total stand density). A wide range of stem diameters was characteristic of most species. However, some species lacked small stems, indicating discon- tinuous regeneration. Stands tended to have 10 - 20 tree species per ha and at least five species had biomass levels > 10 Mg/ha, indicating high evenness. Canopy gaps covered 10 % of the total area (2 - 21 % by stand). Gaps and conspecific patches of canopy trees > 0.05 ha in size were infrequent. Spatial analy- ses revealed a variety of patterns among species at inter-tree distances of 1 to 25 m. When all species were combined, juveniles showed aggregation, and adults were often hyper- dispersed. Analyses for individual species confirmed that the mosaic of canopy species is influenced by non-random spatial processes. Adults of several species were aggregated at dis- tances > 10 m. Juveniles of all major species exhibited aggre- gation. Several species exhibited regeneration near conspecific adults. This pattern suggested limited mobility for such spe- cies within the shifting mosaic. A diverse patchwork resulted despite the fact that many species did not exhibit segregation of adults and juveniles. Further understanding of patch dy- namics and the potential for compositional steady state in cove forests requires long-term study with spatial data.
Different effect of amiodarone and dofetilide on the dispersion of repolarization between well coupled ventricular and Purkinje fibers.

Increased transmural dispersion of repolarization is an established contributing factor to ventricular tachyarrhythmias. In this study we evaluated the effect of chronic amiodarone treatment and acute administration of dofetilide in canine cardiac preparations containing electrotonically coupled Purkinje fibers (PF) and ventricular muscle (VM), and compared the effects to those in uncoupled PF and VM preparations using the conventional microelectrode technique. Dispersion between PF and VM was inferred from the difference in the respective action potential durations (APDs). In coupled preparations, amiodarone decreased the difference in APDs between PF and VM, thus decreasing dispersion. In the same preparations dofetilide increased the dispersion by causing a more pronounced prolongation in PF. This prolongation was even more emphasized in uncoupled PF preparations, while the effect in VM was the same. In uncoupled preparations amiodarone elicited no change on the difference in APDs. In conclusion, amiodarone decreased the dispersion between PF and VM, while dofetilide increased it. The measured difference in APD between cardiac regions may be the affected by electrotonic coupling, thus studying PF and VM separately may lead to an over or underestimation of dispersion.
Nouvelles approches diagnostiques et thérapeutiques dans l'hypertension pulmonaire : apport de la tomodensitométrie et identification du facteur de croissance des nerfs NGF comme nouvelle cible thérapeutique

L’hypertension pulmonaire (HTP) est definie par une valeur de pression arterielle pulmonaire moyenne (PAPm) superieure a 25 mmHg au repos. Il existe des formes severes d’HTP (HTPs) avec des valeurs de PAPm encore plus elevees associees a des symptomes plus marques et a l’apparition de lesions anatomo pathologiques specifiques. Le diagnostic et le developpement de nouvelles therapies sont des enjeux majeurs pour une meilleure prise encharge de ces patients A l’aide de la tomodensitometrie, nos travaux observationnels chez l’homme atteint debroncho-pneumopathie chronique obstructive (BPCO) ont montre une correlation de l’HTP avec le remodelage bronchique et non pas avec l’emphyseme. L’HTPs peut etre une complication rare mais grave de la BPCO. L’evaluation in vivo des modifications du lit vasculaire pulmonaire a permis de confirmer l’existence d’un phenotype particulier chez les patients atteints de BPCO compliquee d’HTPs. De plus, la definition d’un score combine comprenant des parametres non invasifs tomodensitometriques devrait permettre de selectionner plus finement les patients devant subir un catheterisme cardiaque droit.En parallele, dans nos travaux experimentaux, nous avons complete la caracterisation d’un modele d’hypertension arterielle pulmonaire chez le rat developpant un phenotype severe(HTAPs) et presentant des lesions arterielles pulmonaires caracteristiques de la maladie humaine. Ce modele, ainsi que des modeles animaux plus classiques d’HTP, nous ont permis d’identifier un role du facteur de croissance des nerfs NGF dans cette pathologie, dont le ciblage pourrait ouvrir de nouvelles perspectives therapeutiques.