Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Performance analysis of RAIDS disk arrays with a vacationing server model for rebuild mode operation

We analyze the performance of RAIDS disk arrays in normal, degraded, and rebuild modes. The analysis, which is shown to be highly accurate through validation against simulation results, achieves its accuracy by (1) modeling detailed disk characteristics; (2) developing a simple approximation to compute the mean response time for fork-join requests arising in degraded mode operation; and (3) using a vacationing server model with multiple vacation types for rebuild mode analysis. According to this model vacations (rebuild reads) are started when the server (disk) becomes idle and are repeated until the arrival of an external disk request. Type one (two) vacations correspond to the reading of the first track which requires a seek (successive tracks requiring no seeks). The analytic solution is used to quantify the effect of different rebuild options, such as read redirection and the split-seek option. <<ETX>>
Integrin-Linked Kinase Controls Notch1 Signaling by Down-Regulation of Protein Stability through Fbw7 Ubiquitin Ligase

ABSTRACT Integrin-linked kinase (ILK) is a scaffold and protein kinase that acts as a pivotal effector in integrin signaling for various cellular functions. In this study, we found that ILK remarkably reduced the protein stability of Notch1 through Fbw7. The kinase activity of ILK was essential for the inhibition of Notch1 signaling. Notably, the protein level and transcriptional activity of the endogenous Notch1 intracellular domain (Notch1-IC) were higher in ILK-null cells than in ILK wild-type cells, and the level of endogenous Notch1-IC was increased by the blocking of the proteasome, suggesting that ILK enhances the proteasomal degradation of Notch1-IC. ILK directly bound and phosphorylated Notch1-IC, thereby facilitating proteasomal protein degradation through Fbw7. Furthermore, we found down-regulation of Notch1-IC and up-regulation of ILK in basal cell carcinoma and melanoma patients but not in squamous cell carcinoma patients. These results suggest that ILK down-regulated the protein stability of Notch1-IC through the ubiquitin-proteasome pathway by means of Fbw7.
DCRDL: An energy management rule definition language for context-based device control in smart buildings

Improving energy efficiency of smart buildings becomes more complex in the era of Internet of Things (IoT) where networked devices supply unprecedented high-resolution energy related information. As data acquisition and device control services are integrated into the building management platform by using web-based RESTful APIs, fine-grained context-based automatic control ability based on sensed and metered situations using a programmable approach is enabled. Rule-based approaches have been applied to design controllers for an individual device or a sub-system in buildings. However, the rules are static and usually mixed with the application logics. To improve energy efficiency by allowing smart devices to work in a collaborative way, a flexible programming architecture, which involves all the energy related factors, is required for complex context-based control of devices. In this paper, we propose DCRDL, a rule definition language that enables energy control policy designers to write flexible rules to control the behaviors of devices based on various levels of energy related information. We conducted several experiments with policies written in DCRDL in a real smart building, and the result shows that DCRDL is an efficient tool for situation-based device control for energy efficiency in IoT-enabled smart buildings.
Broad‐spectrum antiviral effect of Agrimonia pilosa extract on influenza viruses

Influenza virus continues to emerge and re‐emerge, posing new threats for humans. Here we tested various Korean medicinal plant extracts for potential antiviral activity against influenza viruses. Among them, an extract of Agrimonia pilosa was shown to be highly effective against all three subtypes of human influenza viruses including H1N1 and H3N2 influenza A subtypes and influenza B virus. The EC50 value against influenza A virus, as tested by the plaque reduction assay on MDCK cells, was 14–23 μg/ml. The extract also exhibited a virucidal effect at a concentration of 160–570 ng/ml against influenza A and B viruses when the viruses were treated with the extract prior to plaque assay. In addition, when tested in embryonated chicken eggs the extract exhibited a strong inhibitory effect in ovo on the H9N2 avian influenza virus at a concentration of 280 ng/ml. Quantitative RT‐PCR analysis data showed that the extract, to some degree, suppressed viral RNA synthesis in MDCK cells. HI and inhibition of neuraminidase were observed only at high concentrations of the extract. And yet, the extract's antiviral activity required direct contact between it and the virus, suggesting that its antiviral action is mediated by the viral membrane, but does not involve the two major surface antigens, HA and NA, of the virus. The broad‐spectrum antiviral activity of Agrimonia pilosa extract on various subtypes of influenza viruses merits further investigation as it may provide a means of managing avian influenza infections in poultry farms and potential avian‐human transmission.
Evolutionary Adaptations to Pre‐eclampsia/Eclampsia in Humans: Low Fecundability Rate, Loss of Oestrus, Prohibitions of Incest and Systematic Polyandry

Gestational‐hypertension/pre‐eclampsia occurs in approximately 10% of human pregnancies. This persistent complication of pregnancy has been reported to occur more frequently in couples conceiving very shortly after the beginning of their sexual relationship and/or after a change in paternity. Primipaternity may be the leading cause of pre‐eclampsia in women under 30 years of age when genetic susceptibility to cardio‐vascular disease has not yet been expressed, especially in women before their twenties, who for the last 40,000 years have perhaps comprised the age group when the majority of parturients classified as Homo sapiens sapiens initiated their reproductive life. In terms of evolution, the prevalence of pre‐eclampsia represents a distinct reproductive disadvantage in humans as compared with other mammals. Indeed, pre‐eclampsia is a consequence of the defect of the normal human‐specific deep endovascular invasion of the trophoblast. The large size of the human fetal brain imposing this deep trophoblastic invasion induced the need for major immunogenetic compromises in terms of paternal–maternal tissue tolerance. The price that mankind has had to pay to adapt to the pre‐eclampsia risk is a low fecundability rate and therefore loss of oestrus, possibly a step in the deviation between apes and hominids. Further, pre‐eclampsia risk may be a contributing factor leading to the rejection of systematic polyandry in human societies and have influenced prohibition of incest.
Quantifying an emerging ethical responsibility Disclosing pathogenic genetic variants to research participants : Material Supplemental

Open Access Open Access option. Genome Research Freely available online through the License Commons Creative . http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ described at as a Creative Commons License (Attribution-NonCommercial 3.0 Unported License), ). After six months, it is available under http://genome.cshlp. org/site/misc/terms.xhtml for the first six months after the full-issue publication date (see This article is distributed exclusively by Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press
The ways in which hormones change cyclic adenosine 3',5'-monophosphate-dependent protein kinase subunits, and how such changes affect cell behavior.

Hormones and cytokines regulate many cellular functions by activating the ubiquitous cAMP-dependent protein kinase (A kinase) system. Newly synthesized cAMP molecules bind to regulatory (R) subunits in A kinase holoenzymes, causing them to release their catalytic (C) subunits. These free C subunits then phosphorylate proteins until the cAMP level falls, whereupon the R subunits regain their affinity for free C subunits, and thus form inactive holoenzymes again. However if cAMP levels remain persistently elevated, many cells change their A kinase system. Some cells alter the rate of degradation of subunits, and some cells change the level or stability of the messages encoding subunits. Cellular behavior often changes if cAMP levels remain elevated: many cells differentiate, some cells proliferate, and some cells die, depending on the stage of the cell cycle. The two forms of A kinase holoenzyme (type I and type II) contain identical C subunits, but contain either an RI dimer or an RII dimer. In some tissues, type II holoenzyme is compartmentalized to subcellular organelles via specific anchoring proteins, whereas type I holoenzyme is generally cytosolic. Free RI subunits turn over more rapidly than free RII subunits in most cells, but all free subunits are degraded more rapidly than when they are associated together in holoenzymes. Free C subunits can phosphorylate a broad spectrum of proteins in both the cytoplasm and nucleus, depending on the type of cell, its state of differentiation, and the hormonal milieux. If free C subunit is microinjected into the cytoplasm of some intact cells, it migrates to the nucleus, whereas if free R subunit is microinjected, it remains in the cytoplasm. If both subunits are coinjected, R subunit blocks the nuclear migration of the C subunit. A major nuclear target for free C subunits is the CREB family of nuclear proteins, which bind to cAMP response elements (CREs) in the promoter regions of cAMP-responsive genes. Phosphorylation of CREB proteins alters their ability to form dimers and to interact with CREs. Many CREB proteins can be phosphorylated by other kinases as well, indicating this is one means by which cells coordinate cAMP- and non-cAMP-mediated gene responses. However, interactions between CREB and a number of other nuclear proteins with which they can dimerize, especially proteins whose levels are rapidly altered in response to hormones, provide an even higher degree of complexity of gene regulation than is possible from various kinases phosphorylating the different sites in CREB proteins. (ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)
Tracking and graph-cut based approach for panoramic background construction

Abstract. An efficient method is presented for extracting motion behaviors and contours of moving objects in a wide view and for creating panoramic background. In the field of making panorama, the main goal of existing methods is to create a pleasing wide view. For this purpose, such methods do not track moving objects. They attempt to find optimal seams so that the result does not contain cut objects or blurring. Hence, moving objects are removed, repeated, or placed in an arbitrary location in the final panoramic image. We expand panorama applications from artistic views to surveillance usages. To investigate moving object behavior, the proposed method attempts to find correspondences between positions of a moving object in different selected frames by using SIFT features. It also presents a new approach to combine various types of information in order to extract the exact boundary of moving objects in moving cameras. The required information is obtained from the moving object’s corresponding areas in other frames. Experiments were arranged to demonstrate the effectiveness and robustness of this method. The results show that this method, which uses fewer frames, is able to create better panoramic background compared with the existing methods.
The neural process of perception and evaluation for environmental hazards: evidence from event-related potentials

Perception and evaluation of environmental hazards are vital for human beings to avoid potential hazard. This study used event-related potentials to explore the neural temporal features in the human brain during the processing of environmental hazard presented by picture stimuli, and we found two stages involved in processing pictures with environmental hazard: the relatively early automatic hazard perception stage indicated by P200 and the later hazard evaluation stage indicated by late positive potential. It provided certain evidence for the hazard perception two-stage model. The results indicated consistency between neural processing toward word and picture stimuli in the hazard evaluation tasks.
Waterfall Sequence for Intrinsic Blood Clotting

A simple waterfall sequence is proposed to explain the function of the various protein clotting factors during the formation of the fibrin clot. When clotting is initiated, each cloting factor except fibrinogen is converted to a form that has enzymatic activity. This activation occurs in a sepwise sequence with each newly formed enzyme reacting with its specific substrate, converting it to an active enzyme.
Cellular uptake and intracellular release are major obstacles to the therapeutic application of siRNA: novel options by phosphorothioate-stimulated delivery

The cellular uptake of oligomeric nucleic acid-based tools and drugs including small-interfering RNA (siRNA) represents a major technical hurdle for the biologic effectiveness and therapeutic success in vivo. Subsequent to cellular delivery it is crucial to direct siRNA to the cellular location where it enters the RNA interference pathway. Here the authors summarise evidence that functionally active siRNA represents a minor fraction in the order of 1% of total siRNA inside a given target cell. Exploiting possibilities of steering intracellular release or trafficking of siRNA bears the potential of substantially increasing the biological activity of siRNA. The recently described phosphorothioate stimulated cellular delivery of siRNA makes use of the caveolar system ending in the Golgi apparatus, which contrasts all other known delivery systems. Therefore, it represents an attractive alternative to study whether promoted intracellular release is related to increased target suppression and, thus, increased phenotypic biologic effectiveness.
Benefits of a computerized pharmacy.

To the Editor. — The Department of Defense Tri-Service Medical Information Systems Program has developed an automated pharmacy that is proving to be an effective tool for cost containment and quality assurance. The automated interface between the outpatient pharmacy computer and Baker 103 Drug Cells has resulted in a 20% decrease in prescription filling time. Automation improves pharmacy personnel productivity by (1) the redistribution of work over all hours of operation, (2) improved quality of products such as labels and medication fill lists, and (3) generation of management reports. Specific examples of improved productivity include an 18% increase in work load over 24 months concurrent with a staffing decrease of 14% at the Air Force Medical Clinic and a 30% increase in work load over 36 months while staffing remained constant at the Naval Hospital in Charleston, SC. The computer system allowed the Naval Hospital to expedite the implementation of unit
Decision Usefulness Approach Of Accounting Information: Bagaimana Informasi Akuntansi Menjadi Useful ?

Abstract Application of decision usefulness approach to produce accounting information that is relevant and reliable. Relevant information, that has the capacity to affect the confidence of investors about future returns, and should be released in a timely manner.The concept of decision usefulness of accounting information plays an important role in identifying problems for users of financial reports and selection of accounting information that users of financial statements to make the best decision. To apply the concept of decision usefulness is necessary linkages with the various theories in economics and finance. Decision usefulness approach assumes that individual decision makers are rational, that is individuals who will choose the action that will yield the highest expected utility.
Hepatopulmonary syndrome and portopulmonary hypertension: recent knowledge in pathogenesis and overview of clinical assessment

Hepatopulmonary syndrome and portopulmonary hypertension are cardiopulmonary complications, which are not infrequently seen in patients with liver disease and/or portal hypertension. These entities are both clinically and pathophysiologically different: the hepatopulmonary syndrome is characterized by abnormal pulmonary vasodilation and right‐to‐left shunting resulting in gas exchange abnormalities, whereas portopulmonary hypertension is caused by pulmonary artery vasoconstriction leading to hemodynamic failure. As both hepatopulmonary syndrome and portopulmonary hypertension are associated with significantly increased morbidity and mortality, and as these patients are commonly asymptomatic, all liver transplantation candidates should be actively screened for the presence of these two complications. The aim of is this review is to provide an overview on the hepatopulmonary syndrome and portopulmonary hypertension with primary focus on diagnosis and recent knowledge regarding pathogenesis and therapeutic targets.
The Effects of Visual-Based Information Logistics in Construction

NUNTASUNTI, SUCHART. The Effects of Visual-Based Information Logistics in Construction. (Under the direction of Leonhard E. Bernold.) The construction industry has, for sometime, suffered from stagnant productivity, high accident rate, project delays, and poor quality. Research studies have shown that the major cause of these performance problems is the lack of effective communication. This research was launched to investigate the usefulness of a comprehensive information logistics model on construction process performance. In order to test and validate key components of the model, a prototype network system named Visual-based Integrated Wireless Site (V-IWS) was developed and tested on a mid-size building construction project. The system was designed to allow every project participant access to real-time visual images of the jobsite and share information interactively with each other as well as with a central database through the Internet. It was developed and evaluated for 7 months in 2003. During the same time, the communication channels adopted by the general contractor, R.N. Rouse, and on-site meetings were observed and analyzed. This analysis indicated that most of the information shared among participants of this project could be handled electronically by the V-IWS. It was demonstrated that the V-IWS: a) reduces production waste and non value-added activities such as material delivery time, b) eliminate the need for unnecessary site visits and meetings, c) adds significant value to project participants by automatically creating visual as-built and picture archives, d) provides operational how-to training for crew, and e) increases site safety and security through automated monitoring. The system is scaleable and more network devices can be added as the building grows. While this study proved technical feasibility of the V-IWS, it became evident that trust, collaboration and information sharing among participants were critical success factors. Due to the industry’s traditional low-bid competition and aversion to change, it is crucial to understand how costs and benefits be distributed. Value sharing as well as technology adoption process need to be studied in order to ensure successful implementation of the system. THE EFFECTS OF VISUAL-BASED INFORMATION LOGISTICS IN CONSTRUCTION by SUCHART NUNTASUNTI A dissertation submitted to the Graduate Faculty of North Carolina State University in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy
Tumor and Stem Cell Biology Neuropilin-2 Promotes Extravasation and Metastasis by Interacting with Endothelial a 5 Integrin

Metastasis, the leading cause of cancer death, requires tumor cell intravasation, migration through the bloodstream, arrest within capillaries, and extravasation to invade distant tissues. Few mechanistic details have been reported thus far regarding the extravasation process or re-entry of circulating tumor cells at metastatic sites. Here, we show that neuropilin-2 (NRP-2), a multifunctional nonkinase receptor for semaphorins, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), and other growth factors, expressed on cancer cells interacts with a5 integrin on endothelial cells to mediate vascular extravasation and metastasis in zebrafish and murine xenograft models of clear cell renal cell carcinoma (RCC) and pancreatic adenocarcinoma. In tissue from patients with RCC, NRP-2 expression is positively correlated with tumor grade and is highest in metastatic tumors. In a prospectively acquired cohort of patients with pancreatic cancer, high NRP-2 expression cosegregated with poor prognosis. Through biochemical approaches as well as Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM), we describe a unique mechanism through which NRP-2 expressed on cancer cells interacts with a5 integrin on endothelial cells to mediate vascular adhesion and extravasation. Taken together, our studies reveal a clinically significant role of NRP-2 in cancer cell extravasation and promotion of metastasis. Cancer Res; 73(14); 4579–90. 2013 AACR.
TISSUE GLYCOPROTEINS IN RATS BEARING WALKER 256 CARCINOMA.

Summary In total, 137 rats have been sacrificed at intervals following the intramuscular implantation of Walker 256 carcinoma and the protein-bound hexosamines and N -acetylneuraminic acid determined in a variety of tissues. The tumor itself contained relatively large amounts of these carbohydrates, and the muscle adjacent to the tumor contained amounts significantly in excess of those found in normal muscle. The most interesting observation, however, was the early elevation observed in the protein-bound hexosamines of liver. These observations, coupled with previous observations on plasma glycoproteins under similar circumstances, have been interpreted as favoring the liver as the source, at least of the initial plasma glycoprotein elevation observed in malignant disease.
Field Evaluation of an Area Repellent System (Thermacell) Against Phlebotomus papatasi (Diptera: Psychodidae) and Ochlerotatus caspius (Diptera: Culicidae) in Sanlıurfa Province, Turkey

Abstract A field evaluation of a new area repellent system, Thermacell Mosquito Repellent (TMR, cis-trans allethrin), was conducted against phlebotomine sand flies and mosquitoes in Cunpolat village, Sanlıurfa Province, in southeastern Anatolia, Turkey, an area historically endemic for cutaneous leishmaniasis and high sand fly populations. The objective of this study was to determine the efficacy, duration of protection, and spatial characteristics of protection (downwind distance from point of release), of the TMR. Twelve adult volunteers (nine in the treatment and three controls) made collections from ankle to knee for 25 min every hour from 2100 to 0300 on six consecutive nights in August 2002. Treatment consisted of placing a TMR unit at the middle of the village and then placing human bait collectors at 2.3, 4.6, and 7.6 m away from the repellent unit. Results from the field tests showed highly significant protection provided by the TMR from attack by Phlebotomus papatasi (Scopoli) (P < 0.001) and Ochlerotatus caspius (Pallas) (P < 0.001) for up to 4 h postapplication. In the six nights that tests were done, a total of 949 sand flies and 1095 mosquitoes were collected from the untreated control sites. Only 86 sand flies and 83 mosquitoes were collected at all distances from the places treated with TMR. These results indicated that reduction in sand fly and mosquito biting rates in treated groups ranged from 87.5 to 97.7% (mean protection 92%) and 90.2–97.4% (mean protection 93%), respectively. The percentage reduction values were maintained above 90.0% for 6 h of the assessment period. Overall, the number of bites by the cutaneous leishmaniasis vector Ph. papatasi and also Oc. caspius was reduced >11-fold and 13-fold, respectively, by the TMR.