Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Multilingual Transformer Ensembles for Portuguese Natural Language Tasks

In this paper we present our approach to deal with semantic relatedness and textual entailment, two tasks proposed in ASSIN-2 (Second evaluation of semantic relatedness and textual entailment). We develop 18 features that explore lexical, syntactic and semantic information. To train the models we applied both supervised machine learning and an architecture based in Wide and Deep learning. Our proposal demonstrated to be competitive with the current state-of art models and with other participant models for Portuguese, mainly when the mean square error is considered.
Bolus Doses of Ketofol versus Dexmedetomidine for the Prevention of Emergence Agitation in Children: A Prospective Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial

such as crying, excitation, agitation, delirium, and behavioral disturbances during early emergence from general anesthesia.1 This phenomenon must be prevented by providing smooth emergence to pediatric patients. Otherwise, an irritable, uncooperative, inconsolable, and crying child with excessive motor activity may pose a significant problem to the parents and nursing personal to control and children may also harm themselves.2
Finite Difference Method for the Biharmonic Equation with Different Types of Mixed Boundary Conditions

Finite difference method is one of several powerful numerical techniques for obtaining an approximate solution for partial differential equations. It has been provenas an efficient technique to solve initial and boundary value problems for linear and nonlinear partial differential equations for any dimension. Here we implement such numerical technique to obtain the numerical solution for the Helmholtz equation and the biharmonic equation with one spatial variable and time-independent. At first, we formulate the finite difference method to the Helmholtz equation as an eigenvalue problem subject to the Neumann boundary conditions. Then we formulate such numerical techniques to the biharmonicequation as an eigenvalue problemsubject to different combinations of Dirichlet and Neumann boundary conditions which correspond to a variety of physical phenomena. For demonstration purposes, we show a comparison of the approximate eigenfunctions and eigenvalues that are obtained from the finite difference methodagainst the analytical results. Suchcomparisonshows a very good agreement between the two categories. Hence itconfirms the efficiency of the finite difference method to solve the biharmonic equation with different types of mixed boundary conditions which are the clamped, simply supported and free boundary conditions.
Cost-effectiveness analysis of first-line treatments for early-stage, low-grade follicular lymphoma.

6619Background: Low-grade follicular lymphoma (FL) can present as localized stage I to II disease in up to one-third of patients. Upfront involved-site radiation therapy (RT) to 24-30Gy is the preferred first-line management strategy for these patients. However, the National LymphoCare Study found that less than one quarter of patients with early-stage, low-grade FL received upfront RT, while more than half received either chemoimmunotherapy or observation. Methods: We performed a cost-effectiveness analysis using a Markov state-transition model to simulate the progression of early-stage, low-grade FL in a cohort of 60-year-old men. The following first-line treatments were compared: RT, observation, rituximab induction (RI), rituximab and bendamustine (BR), and rituximab, cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine, and prednisone (RCHOP). Patients who relapsed received second-line therapies that were dependent on their first-line treatment: RT for RI and observation, RCHOP for RT and BR, and BR for RCHOP.
Pyropia yezoensis var. irifuneiensis (Bangiales, Rhodophyta), a naturally occurring variety with large ovate shape from Hokkaido, Japan

Gametophytic thalli with a large ovate shape were collected at the Irifune fishing port at Hakodate in Hokkaido, Japan. Phylogenetic analysis using rbcL sequences identified this alga as the red seaweed Pyropia yezoensis (order Bangiales). Since the morphology of the Irifune specimen was different from that of generally recognized P. yezoensis specimens, indicating a naturally occurring variety of P. yezoensis, the alga was named Pyropia yezoensis (Ueda) M. S. Hwang & H. G. Choi var. irifuneiensis K. Mikami & H. Nakao. Morphological characteristics of conchocelis filaments and conchosporangia were identical to those of P. yezoensis f. narawaensis, although the division formula for female gametangia was slightly different. During early development, vertical cell division was frequently observed in the upper parts of thalli, establishing the cuneate and then ovate shape. However, this morphological change was inhibited at 20°C, resulting in production of slender thalli and suggesting a negative influence of mildly high temperature on the frequency of vertical cell division in the upper part of the thalli. Accordingly, the discovery of P. yezoensis var. irifuneiensis will provide insight into seaweed cell biology and approaches to preserve or improve aquaculture productivity of nori.
Heat Treater's Guide: Practices and Procedures for Nonferrous Alloys

The principles which govern heat treatment of metals and alloys are applicable to both ferrous and nonferrous alloys. However, in practice there are sufficient differences to make it convenient to emphasize as separate topics the peculiarities of the alloys of each class in their response to heat treatment. For example, in nonferrous alloys, eutectoid transformations, which play such a prominent role in steels, are seldom encountered, so there is less concern with principles associated with time-temperaturetransformation diagrams and with martensite formation. On the other hand, the principles associated with chemical homogenization of cast structures are applicable to many alloys in both classes.
Proteínas ósseas morfogenéticas e outros fatores de crescimento ósseo

Fraturas complexas, de dificil tratamento, ainda sao grandes desafios dentro da Medicina Humana e Medicina Veterinaria. Os metodos cirurgicos envolvendo enxertos osseos podem trazer bons resultados porem, elevam o tempo cirurgico, alem de nao estarem livres de complicacoes. A associacao de proteinas osseas morfogeneticas e outros fatores de crescimento, de maneira sistemica ou local, pode contribuir sobremaneira para a consolidacao de fraturas complexas em menor tempo e com menor incidencia de intercorrencias.
REFLEXÕES E PROPOSTAS ACERCA DA AVALIAÇÃO PSICOLÓGICA NO CONTEXTO HIV/AIDS

Este artigo apresenta algumas reflexões e propostas sobre a prática de avaliação psicológica no contexto HIV/Aids, enfatizando a temática da adesão ao tratamento anti-retroviral desses pacientes. A hipótese principal é a de que o diagnóstico e esclarecimento de aspectos psicológicos subjacentes à doença e à conduta diante do tratamento podem promover intervenções mais eficazes por parte da equipe multiprofissional e prevenir agravos à saúde desses pacientes.
Design of an Integrated Long Distance Transportation, Ordering and Inventory Quantity Optimization Tool

This research aims to help the management of a company in olive oil products decrease transportation and ordering costs of their cornerstone product range. Quantity discounts are available but not utilized efficiently. An easy to use Excel tool is constructed which minimizes a cost function based on the dynamic lot-size model over multiple periods using deterministic dynamic programming. The two resulting schedules can be used to substantiate logistics decisions. Deterministic demand is determined with demand forecasting using the triple exponential smoothing technique. This step is integrated into the tool.
The Development-enhancing Impact of Culture Dehomogenized: The Role of Different Cultural Layers

The aim of this paper is to take a step towards improving our understanding of how culture affects economic development, by introducing two novel aspects in the empirical investigations, inspired by two economic theories. Firstly, based on the theory of institutional stickiness (Boettke et al. 2008), I will unbundle culture by distinguishing a rigid and a slowmoving layer within it, and then analyze the impact of each particular layer individually. Secondly, following the model of Bisin and Verdier (2017), I will take the coevolution of culture (cultural layers) and institutions into account, and will try to establish the development-enhancing effect of this interplay. Cross-country empirical analyses, including IV estimations, have provided evidence that the two cultural layers “behave” differently: the rigid (deep) culture has proved to be a factor in development besides institutions, while the slow-moving culture has not, probably because the development-enhancing effect of the slowmoving culture works only via institutions (due to the high level of stickiness between them). Furthermore, I have documented that the rigid cultural layer reinforces the positive impact of institutional changes on long-run income, meaning that these two are complements. Finally, I have found that the rigid (deep) culture is hard to substitute; only high-quality institutions can substitute it. These findings are very robust for various robustness checks.
CARBONATES AT LEG 186 SITES

Past changes in sea-surface productivity in the Oyashio Current are evaluated on the basis of abundances of biological constituents in sediments from Leg 186 sites. Organic carbon contents at Sites 1150 and 1151 are moderate (0.5 to 1.5 wt%) and have an algal origin as indicated by low C/N ratios (<10) and by carbon isotopic compositions ranging from –23.4‰ to –21.3‰. A decreasing trend in organic carbon contents, carbon isotope ratios, and C/N ratios occurs with depth at both sites, probably as a consequence of diagenetic degradation of organic matter. Mass accumulation rates (MARs) determined for organic carbon and carbonates at Sites 1150 and 1151 show an abrupt increase between ~5 and 7 Ma. Similar results have been reported for sites in the Indian Ocean and the Pacific Ocean for the same time interval. As it has been previously suggested, the observed increase in MAR for both carbonate and organic carbon at Leg 186 sites probably resulted from augmented nutrient supply either from continental sources or from a more vigorous ocean circulation.
Biocorrosion Inhibition Efficiency of Locally Sourced Plant Extracts Obtained from Aloe Vera (Barbadensis Miller) and Scent Leaf (Ocimum Gratissimum)

Efficacy of Aloe Vera extract and scent leaf extract as biocorrosion inhibitors were evaluated using stainless steel coupons as the target surface/substratum. Stainless steel coupons were weighed and immersed in suspension containing (1) Iron Oxidizing Bacteria (IOB) and Scent Leaf Extract (SLE), (2) IOB and Aloe Vera extract (ALE), (3) Sulfate Reducing Bacteria (SRB) and SLE and (4) SRB and ALE respectively. Scent leaf and Aloe Vera extracts had 3.9 % and 1.4 % yield respectively. IOB had log10 IOB counts that ranged from 4.19 to 5.16 cfu/ml while SRB had log10 counts range of 4.11 to 5.16 cfu/ml. IOB isolates identified are Leptothrix, Sphaerotilus and Gallionella while that of SRB are Desulfovibrio, Desulfotomaculum and Desulfovibrio. In IOB culture, conductivity increased from 1.0130 to 3.90 s/m for ALE and 1.0140 to 2.80 s/m for SLE. The pH increased from 7.61 to 7.87 for ALE and 7.72 to 7.96 SLE medium. In SRB suspension, conductivity decreased for aloe Vera and increased in scent leaf. Iron II ions involving IOB in stainless steel coupons with Aloe Vera decreased by 56.7 % and decreased by 48.9 % for scent leaf medium while iron II ion involving SRB in suspension with ALE and SLE decreased by 43.01 % and 46.52 % respectively. Stainless steel immersed in SLE containing IOB had 272.7 mpy bio-corrosion inhibitions than those immersed in ALE and IOB (167.8 mpy). Biocorrosion was significantly (p<0.05) higher in IOB and SLE (99.1%) than in IOB and ALE suspension (74.8%). Steel immersed in SLE and SRB biocorroded at 206.6 mpy (64.2 %) and in ALE and SRB suspension, it biocorroded at 344.4 mpy (63.7 %). Bicorrosion monitoring and mitigation using locally sourced plant extracts as inhibitors could significantly reduce the spate of pipeline ruptures along pipeline Right of Ways in the Nigerian petroleum industries.
Exploring Substance Use Tweets of Youth in the United States: Mixed Methods Study

Background Substance use by youth remains a significant public health concern. Social media provides the opportunity to discuss and display substance use–related beliefs and behaviors, suggesting that the act of posting drug-related content, or viewing posted content, may influence substance use in youth. This aligns with empirically supported theories, which posit that behavior is influenced by perceptions of normative behavior. Nevertheless, few studies have explored the content of posts by youth related to substance use. Objective This study aimed to identify the beliefs and behaviors of youth related to substance use by characterizing the content of youths’ drug-related tweets. Using a sequential explanatory mixed methods approach, we sampled drug-relevant tweets and qualitatively examined their content. Methods We used natural language processing to determine the frequency of drug-related words in public tweets (from 2011 to 2015) among youth Twitter users geolocated to Pennsylvania. We limited our sample by age (13-24 years), yielding approximately 23 million tweets from 20,112 users. We developed a list of drug-related keywords and phrases and selected a random sample of tweets with the most commonly used keywords to identify themes (n=249). Results We identified two broad classes of emergent themes: functional themes and relational themes. Functional themes included posts that explicated a function of drugs in one’s life, with subthemes indicative of pride, longing, coping, and reminiscing as they relate to drug use and effects. Relational themes emphasized a relational nature of substance use, capturing substance use as a part of social relationships, with subthemes indicative of drug-related identity and companionship. We also identified topical areas in tweets related to drug use, including reference to polysubstance use, pop culture, and antidrug content. Across the tweets, the themes of pride (63/249, 25.3%) and longing (39/249, 15.7%) were the most popular. Most tweets that expressed pride (46/63, 73%) were explicitly related to marijuana. Nearly half of the tweets on coping (17/36, 47%) were related to prescription drugs. Very few of the tweets contained antidrug content (9/249, 3.6%). Conclusions Data integration indicates that drugs are typically discussed in a positive manner, with content largely reflective of functional and relational patterns of use. The dissemination of this information, coupled with the relative absence of antidrug content, may influence youth such that they perceive drug use as normative and justified. Strategies to address the underlying causes of drug use (eg, coping with stressors) and engage antidrug messaging on social media may reduce normative perceptions and associated behaviors among youth. The findings of this study warrant research to further examine the effects of this content on beliefs and behaviors and to identify ways to leverage social media to decrease substance use in this population.
Fiscal Regimes and Exchange Rates: A High-Frequency Identification (Preliminary. Comments welcome.)

We study the behavior of the exchange rate in Ricardian vs. nonRicardian regimes. In a non-Ricardian regime, the fiscal authority raises taxes insufficiently to offset an increase in debt. In such a regime, we show that a monetary tightening or higher government spending lead to a depreciation of the domestic currency. We use these theoretical predictions to uncover market participants’ expectation about future fiscal policy in Brazil by looking at daily movements of the BRL/USD exchange rate around policy announcements. We find unconventional signs of the effect of policy shocks on the exchange rate on certain occasions in the past, and in particular, when the fiscal stance tended to worsen. JEL classifications: E63, E44, F31
The Future of Transportation: White Paper on Urban Air Mobility Systems

1 Chapter 1 The UAM Concept. 2 Proposed Basic UAM Structure.3 Key components:. 3 Command-and-Control Platform.9 Navigation and Positioning System.10 Base Points.10 Interface. 11 Key UAM Characteristics.12 What makes UAM a viable new transportation mode? 13 Key differences between UAM and the current airline model.13 Key differences between AAVs and UAVs.14 Key differences between AAVs and helicopters.14 Key advantages of UAM vs. existing ridesharing.15 Competition risks from existing ridesharing platforms? 15 Chapter 2 UAM: Applications and Commercialization.16 UAM How realistic is it? 20 What will it take for UAM to become a viable industry? 21 How big could the UAM market be? 25 UAM – Who will be the main participants? 26 Commercial operating model.27 Chapter 3 UAM Operations and Implications. 28 How will UAM change people’s life? 29 How will UAM impact existing transportation modes? 30 Chapter 4 Key Application Scenarios.31 Tourism & recreation.32 Emergency medical services.33 Aerial fire apparatus.34 Industrial applications.36 Chapter 5 Development of a UAM ecosystem.37 Chapter 6 The Path Forward.39 Battery technology.39 New materials.40 Aerodynamics.40 5G network.41 Noise levels.41 Conclusion.42 Author & contributors. 43 About the author.44 About EHang.44
Analysis of Similarity Metrics Through Clustering using WordCount,TF_IDF and Probability

– The text documents are very important in the usage of www. Many users require so much text information to gather essential knowledge in their required field of interest. To serve the user internet the quite relevant required topic related documents are to be retrieved. To satisfy this requirement as well as indexing and retrieving the documents the researchers tend to produce many new algorithms in the field of text document mining. The proposed system carries out the problem by performing two different operations. Fist one is the feature extraction operation. The second on is the clustering operation. In the first operation to extract the features from the text document various operations like preprocessing, tokenization, Stop word removal, streaming and bag of Words were performed. By performing these operations the Document representing features namely WordCount, TF_IDF and probability of word occurrence were determined. The second operation is performed with K-means clustering algorithm. In the clustering phase the three features and some of the similarity measures were used to conclude the overall performance. The proposed method yields better performance for Spearman Similarity compared with other two Cosine Similarity and Correlation Similarity metrics.
An Overview on Endo-Perio Interrelationship-A Multidisciplinary Approach

The human periodontium and dental pulp cavity are closely connected by their proximity and by the presence of apical and lateral radicular foramina, which permit the passage of pathogens between these two distinct anatomical areas. The interrelationship between endodontic and periodontic lesion has been a subject of speculation, confusion and controversy for many years. Pulpal and periodontal problems are responsible for more than 50% of tooth mortality today. An endo-perio lesion can have a varied pathogenesis which ranges from quite simple to relatively complex one. When a periapical lesion communicates with a deep periodontal pocket, the etiology can be either endodontic or periodontic. The purpose of this review paper is to explain the nature of that relationship. Successful therapy will only result from the establishment of an accurate diagnosis and forming such a diagnosis requires a methodical multi-staged approach.
ISSN: 0976-3031 REPRODUCTIVE TOXICITY OF PROCESSED SEEDS OF HORSE EYE BEAN (MUCUNA URENS L.) IN MALE RATS Ekaluo*,

Purpose: To investigate the effect of processed horse eye bean (Mucuna urens L.), on weight of testes and epididymes, conception rate, sperm count, sperm viability and sperm head abnormality. Methods: Seventy-two mature albino rats (24 males and 48 females) of 12 weeks old with similar body weights were assigned to four groups of 6 male rats each and treated with processed horse eye bean at 0, 100, 200 and 300 mg/kg body weight respectively daily for 8 weeks. The male rats were made to sire the untreated female rats in the ratio of 1:2 for fertility test. The male rats were then sacrificed and the testes and epididymes were dissected out and weighed. The epididymes were processed for epididymal sperm count, viability and sperm head abnormality test. Results: Rats treated with processed horse eye bean showed no significant (P>0.05) effect on the weight of testes and epididymes, but treatment reduced the epididymal sperm count and sperm viability in dose-dependent manner when compared to the control. While it significantly (P<0.05) increased sperm head abnormality. The conception rates were significantly (P<0.05) reduced in a dosedependent manner and directly proportional to sperm viability and sperm count; and inversely proportional to sperm head abnormality in all the treatment groups. Conclusions: Processed horse eye bean still has some toxic effect on reproductive endpoints as well as conception rate. Hence, its indiscriminate use as soup thickener could result in reduction of spermatogenic activities and ultimately resulting in infertility, reproductive toxicity and dysfunctions. © 2010 IJRSR. All rights reserved.
THE LONO ROAD HOME

O n an average day in the United States, 156 very low-birth-weight (VLBW) infants are born. 1 The incidence of low birth weight (LBW) has risen steadily from 6.9% of births in 1988 to 7.6% in 1998, and represents about 1 in 13 infants. 1 The widespread use of reproductive technology and subsequent multiple births contribute significantly to this trend. 2 Advances in neonatal care such as the use of surfactant therapy, antenatal steroids, and improved methods of ventilation have increased survival; overall survival rates of 84% are reported. 3 However, LBW infants still remain at high risk for developing a significant morbidity related to their prematurity and remain at high risk to develop dysplasia (BPD) (Fig 1). Approximately 7,500 new cases of BPD occur each year in the United States. The incidence is inversely proportional to gestational age, and approximately 10% of these infants die in the first year of life. 3,4 The National Institute of Child Health and Human Development Neonatal Research Network (NICHD) defines BPD as the need for supplemental oxygen at 36 weeks postconceptual age (PCA) and reports that 62% of their smallest survivors (501 to 600 g) develop BPD.