Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Semantic acid properties in multidatabases using remote procedure calls and update propagations

Global ACID properties (Atomicity, Consistency, Isolation and Durability) may be implemented by using a DDBMS (Distributed Data Base Management System.) However, in this solution data availability is low. Further, data may be blocked, i.e. if some data are locked from a remote location, the data cannot always be unlocked when the connection to the data fails. This is not a problem when client/server technology is used because client/server technology only uses local locks, a reason why multidatabases and client/server technology are widely used in real‐life distributed systems. However, the trouble with such systems is that they have no inherent global ACID properties. The objective of this paper is to illustrate how global semantic ACID properties, enforced by the transactions themselves, may be implemented on top of client/server technology. This is done to preserve high data availability. The global atomicity property is implemented by using retriable and compensatable subtransactions. The global consistency property must be implemented by the transactions themselves. The global isolation property is implemented by using countermeasures to isolation anomalies. The global durability property is implemented by using the durability property of the local DBMSs. The largest bank in Denmark, Den Danske Bank, has implemented all its applications using methods described in this paper. © 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Pengaruh Ketepatan Pelaporan Laporan Keuangan, Opini Audit, Pergantian Kantor Akuntan Publik, dan Reputasi Kantor Akuntan Publik terhadap Reaksi Investor

Investor reaction is a form of market response to information contained in an announcement issued or published. If information contains some information, then the market will respond or react quickly when the information is posted. Investors as parties are not know information about the situation in the company, investors will consider the information issued by the company as a signal used for financial decision making. This study aims to determine the effect of the accuracy of reporting financial statements, the audit opinion, the turn of the public accounting firm, and the reputation of the Public Accounting Firm of the reaction of investors to the issuer Kompas 100 2010-2012. This study is classified as descriptive research verification of causality. The population in this study is a listed company in Kompas index 100 in 2010-2012. By using purposive sampling, the samples used in this study amounted to 40 companies. The data used in this study is secondary data. The method of data analysis used panel data regression analysis. The results of this study are simultaneously, there is significant influence between the accuracy of reporting financial statements, the audit opinion, the turn of the public accounting firm, and the reputation of the Public Accounting Firm of the reaction of investors. It can be concluded that the public accounting firm's reputation has a significant influence on the reaction of investors, while the reporting accuracy of the financial statements, the audit opinion, and turn public accounting firm did not have a significant effect on investor reaction.
GPM: A generic and scalable P2P model that optimizes tree depth for multicast communications

Group communications (real‐time and non‐real‐time) refer to one‐to‐many or many‐to‐many communications. On the one hand, multicast is considered as an appropriate solution for supporting group communication‐oriented applications (we distinguish IP network multicast from application layer multicast). On the other hand, peer‐to‐peer model tends to be a good candidate for supporting today Internet applications (e.g. P2P IPTV, P2P VoIP, etc.). In this context, P2P has attracted significant interest in the recent years. This is mainly due to its properties that also make P2P well adapted to today social networks. In this paper, we propose GPM (Generic P2P Multicast): a novel generic and scalable approach, that optimizes multicast tree depth in P2P networks (structured and unstructured), and contributes to control the network overlay latency. For multicast tree construction, the approach we propose is based on a distributed algorithm using a specific data structures (adjacency and forwarding matrixes). GPM model inherits from P2P attributes such as scalability, flexibility and fault tolerance, while taking into consideration the respective characteristics of one‐to‐many and many‐to‐many type of applications. We also give a performance evaluation for validation and comparison purposes while considering some main existing application layer multicast protocols. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
A DYNAMIC COGNITIVE SYSTEM FOR AUTOMATIC DETECTION AND PREVENTION OF CYBER-BULLYING ATTACKS

The phenomenal growth of the social networking sites has swept over the communication world. The rising popularity of the social networking sites have also contributed to the rise in offensive behaviours, giving birth to one of the most crucial problem called cyber-bullying. Most of the social networking users would have encountered a worst e-day experience . The victims of cyber-bullying, widely being the adolescents, suffer deep scars which has led to suicidal attempts in many cases. Detection of cyber-bullying has also been a challenging issue for the researchers. A few automated methods have been developed which mainly rely on textual features. This work aims to improvise the detection of cyberbullying by developing a real-time application combining user based textual features along with the social networking features such as number of circles, number of contacts in the friend’s list, bonding with the friends.
Spinal anaesthesia for caesarean section: plain vs hyperbaric bupivacaine.

OBJECTIVE To compare the clinical characteristics of sensory and motor block as well as haemodynamic stability using plain and hyperbaric bupivacaine in spinal anaesthesia for caesarean section. METHODS Two equal groups were formed from a total of 60 patients who were enrolled in this prospective randomised double-blinded study that was done at tertiary care hospital in Karach, during 2005 to 2006. Equal volume of plain and hyperbaric bupivacaine 10 mg with 25 mcg of fentanyl was used for spinal anaesthesia in the two groups that were formed on the basis of random allocation. Characteristics of sensory and motor block, episodes of hypotension and bradycardia as well as use of ephedrine and atropine were recorded by blinded investigator. RESULTS There was no difference in the onset of block, time to achieve maximum level of block and haemodynamic parameters between the two groups. However, plain bupivacaine took more time for two dermatomes sensory level regression below T4, and resulted in prolonged block duration. No statistically significant difference was found for episodes of hypotension, bradycardia and use of ephedrine and atropine. CONCLUSIONS In obstetric population, both plain and hyperbaric bupivacaine 10 mg, with fentanyl produced adequate anaesthesia for caesarean section without any differences in the time of onset, extent of the block and haemodynamic parameters. However, sensory level regression was delayed in the plain group which may have caused prolonged duration of block.
Magnetic Resonance Imaging-Based versus Computed Tomography-Based Thrombolysis in Acute Ischemic Stroke: Comparison of Safety and Efficacy within a Cohort Study

Background: In acute ischemic stroke, brain imaging is mandatory in the decision whether to perform intravenous thrombolysis with recombinant tissue plasminogen activator. The most widespread used imaging modality to exclude intracranial hemorrhage is plain computed tomography (CT). However, there is an ongoing debate whether the information provided by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) could improve the selection of patients for thrombolysis. We investigated whether the choice of imaging modality (MRI vs. CT) affects therapy safety and the patients' outcome. Methods: Analyses are based on data from a prospective, single-center observational study that included all patients with acute ischemic stroke who received intravenous thrombolysis within 4.5 h. Stroke severity was assessed by the National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale. Safety was assessed by rates of symptomatic intracranial hemorrhage (SICH), brain edema with mass effect and 7-day mortality. Outcome was assessed at 3 months as mortality and proportion of independent patients (modified Rankin Scale score between 0 and 2). Results: We analyzed 345 patients of whom 141 received multimodal MRI and 204 received plain CT prior to treatment. Groups did not differ significantly in terms of age, neurological deficit, rate of elevated glucose level or rate of very high blood pressure. However, patients with CT-based thrombolysis had significantly higher rates of cardiac comorbidities (coronary artery disease, heart failure). In the MRI group, we observed a lower rate of 7-day mortality (1 vs. 10%; p = 0.001), a lower rate of SICH (1 vs. 6%; p = 0.010) and a nonsignificantly lower rate of brain edema with mass effect (2 vs. 6%; n.s.). In multivariable analysis, 7-day mortality was independently associated with MRI-based thrombolysis, even if cardiac comorbidities were taken into account. For mortality at 3 months, there was a nonsignificant difference in favor of the MRI group (16 vs. 23%; n.s.). In multivariable analyses, mortality at 3 months was independently associated with older age, higher stroke severity, brain edema with mass effect, SICH, pneumonia and coronary artery disease. Neither mortality nor independent outcome was influenced by initial imaging modality. Conclusions: Thrombolysis based on multimodal MRI is associated with reduced rates of SICH and early death. Our results suggest that these complications affect survival principally in the acute phase after thrombolysis. However, nonneurological and especially cardiac comorbidities also influence survival after stroke and are underrepresented in stroke patients undergoing MRI. Selection bias has to be considered.
Detection of Cardia Intestinal Metaplasia: Do the Biopsy Number and Location Matter?

BACKGROUND AND AIM:Presence of intestinal metaplasia in the gastric cardia (cardia intestinal metaplasia, CIM) has been reported in 5–34% of patients undergoing upper endoscopy and is a topic of interest given the rising incidence of cancer in this location. The aim of this article is to determine the prevalence of CIM in biopsies obtained from two separate locations within the gastric cardia.METHODS:Patients presenting to the endoscopy unit for upper endoscopy for any symptoms were invited to participate in the study. The biopsy protocol included: eight biopsies from the gastric cardia, four from upper cardia (forceps across the squamocolumnar junction), four from lower cardia (within 1 cm of upper cardia), and four each from the gastric body and antrum. All cardia biopsies were stained with hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) and alcian blue at pH 2.5 for the presence of goblet cells and the body/antrum biopsies were stained with Steiner silver stain for Helicobacter pylori detection. In patients testing negative for H. pylori by histology, a serology test was performed.RESULTS:Sixty-five patients have been evaluated by this protocol; median age 54 yr (range: 34–81 yr), 63 males, 53 Caucasians, and 12 African Americans. The detection of CIM was as follows: upper cardia only, 7, both upper and lower cardia, 5, and lower cardia only, 7. Thus, CIM was detected in 12 patients (18%) in the upper cardia biopsies, in 12 patients (18%) in the lower cardia; overall prevalence of CIM was 29% (19 patients). Fifty-eight percent of CIM patients tested positive for H. pylori by either histology or serology. The addition of serology allowed for the detection of eight additional H. pylori-positive CIM patients.CONCLUSIONS:The prevalence of CIM in this study was similar (18%, four biopsies) at each location; however, if both locations were considered (eight biopsies), the prevalence increased to 29%. Thus, CIM prevalence may vary depending on the number of biopsies obtained as well as on the location of biopsies. Use of additional testing detects more patients who are H. pylori positive and should be performed if association of CIM with H. pylori is contemplated. Future endoscopic studies of the gastric cardia should specify the location of biopsies, the number of biopsies obtained, and the tests used to diagnose H. pylori.
MR imaging of anterior cruciate ligament injury: independent value of primary and secondary signs.

OBJECTIVE The purpose of this blinded study was to test the value of primary and secondary signs, independent of each other, for diagnosis of a tear of the anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) by means of MR imaging. MATERIALS AND METHODS MR images of the knee in 74 patients who had the status of the ACL confirmed arthroscopically were blindly reviewed for status of the ACL three times: with primary signs masked, with secondary signs masked, and with no signs masked. On the basis of the observed signs at each session, the status of the ACL was predicted and the confidence in that prediction was noted. The MR imaging predictions were compared with the arthroscopic findings. The results were analyzed with receiver operating characteristic curves and stepwise discriminant analysis. RESULTS We found no difference in diagnostic performance when only primary signs were used and when both primary and secondary signs were used. When using primary signs only, our observers performed significantly better than when using secondary signs alone. However, with secondary signs alone, our observers performed better than if left to chance for predicting ACL status. Of the secondary signs, our statistical analysis found bone contusion, anterior translation of the tibia, and an uncovered posterior horn of the lateral meniscus to be the most useful for diagnosis. CONCLUSION Secondary signs do have value for deciding ACL status independent of primary signs. However, our observers performed much better when using primary signs instead of secondary signs. In the clinical setting, secondary signs do not help significantly in the diagnosis of ACL tears by means of MR imaging.
A miniature frequency reconfigurable antenna for cognitive radios

In this paper, we present a new frequency reconfigurable antenna for cognitive radios that can operate in both Ultra Wide Band (UWB) mode and in narrowband mode where the operating frequency can be easily tuned. The antenna is composed of a disc monopole that can be excited to operate at the range of hundreds of MHz for the narrowband mode and at the range 1 to 10 GHz in the UWB mode. The total antenna dimensions are only 50 by 55 mm, which makes a good candidate for compact cognitive radios. To present the work, simulated and measured results will be presented and discussed.
Subcellular localization and properties of thymidine kinase from adenovirus-infected cells.

Summary The principal cytosol thymidine kinase activity of African green monkey kidney cells increased approximately threefold at 21 to 29 h after infection with adenovirus type 5. Disc polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (disc PAGE) analyses showed that the electrophoretic mobility relative to the tracking dye (Rm) of the cytosol thymidine kinase from both mock-infected and adenovirus type 5-infected cells was about 0.23. The cytosol thymidine kinase from normal cells also resembled the cytosol enzyme from infected cells with respect to phosphate donor specificity and sedimentation coefficient. Mitochondria from normal and virus-infected cells contained a cytosol-like enzyme and, in addition, a distinctive mitochondrial isozyme exhibiting an Rm of about 0.6 and a smaller sedimentation coefficient than the cytosol enzyme. The activity of the mitochondrial-specific isozyme of thymidine kinase (Rm = 0.6) was not significantly increased by virus infection. The ratio of the two thymidine kinase activities found in mitochondria also was not markedly changed by virus infection. The results suggest that adenovirus type 5 infection reactivates an inactive molecular form of cytosol thymidine kinase or derepresses the synthesis of the cytosol enzyme, but not that of the mitochondrial-specific thymidine kinase. Adenovirus infection does not alter the electrophoretic mobilities of the cytosol and mitochondrial thymidine kinases.
High twin resemblance for sensitivity to hypoxia.

PURPOSE Physiological responses to hypoxia vary between individuals, and genetic factors are conceivably involved. Using a monozygotic twin design, we investigated the role of genetic factors in physiological responses to acute hypoxia. METHODS Thirteen pairs of monozygotic twin brothers participated in two experimental sessions in a normobaric hypoxic facility with a 2-wk interval. In one session, fraction of inspired O2 (FiO2) was gradually reduced to 10.7% (approximately 5300 m altitude) over 5 h. During the next 3 h at 10.7%, FiO2 subjects performed a 20-min submaximal exercise bout (EXSUB, 1.2 W·kg) and a maximal incremental exercise test (EXMAX). An identical control experiment was done in normoxia. Cardiorespiratory measurements were continuously performed, and 8-h urine output was collected. RESULTS Compared with normoxia, hypoxia decreased (P < 0.05) arterial O2 saturation (%SpO2) at rest (-22%) and during exercise (-28%). Furthermore, V˙O2max (-39%), HRmax (HR, -8%), maximal pulmonary ventilation (V˙Emax, -11%), and urinary norepinephrine excretion (-31%) were reduced (P < 0.05) whereas HR at rest (25%) and during EXSUB (16%) and V˙E at rest (38%) and during EXSUB (70%) were increased (P < 0.05). However, hypoxia-induced changes (Δ) were not randomly distributed between subjects. Between-pair variance was substantially larger than within-pair variance (P < 0.05) for Δ%SpO2 at rest (approximately threefold) and during exercise (approximately fourfold), ΔV˙O2max (approximately fourfold), ΔHR during exercise (approximately seven- to eightfold), hypoxic ventilatory response (approximately sixfold), and Δ urinary norepinephrine output (approximately threefold). Incidence of acute mountain sickness (AMS) also yielded significant twin similarity (P < 0.05). AMS subjects showed approximately 50% greater drop in urinary norepinephrine and lower hypoxic ventilator response than AMS individuals. CONCLUSIONS Our data suggest that genetic factors regulate cardiorespiratory responses, exercise tolerance, and pathogenesis of AMS symptoms in acute severe hypoxia. Hypoxia-induced sympathetic downregulation was associated with AMS.
The role of radiation therapy in the management of sialorrhea: A systematic review

Up to 80% of patients with Parkinson disease and 30% of patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) suffer from sialorrhea. Patients who fail medical and surgical therapy should be considered for external beam radiation therapy (EBRT). In this study, we conduct a systematic review to determine the dose and techniques used that result in greatest efficacy and lowest toxicity for the administration of EBRT in patients with Parkinson disease or ALS‐associated sialorrhea.
[Effects of panax notoginseng saponins on the process of renal interstitial fibrosis after unilateral ureteral obstruction in rats].

OBJECTIVE To evaluate the effects of panax notoginseng saponins (PNS) on the process of renal interstitial fibrosis after unilateral ureteral obstruction in rats. METHODS In this study, female sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into 3 groups: Sham operation group (S group), Operation group (O group), and Operation plus PNS group (P group). The unilateral ureters of the rats were ligated as the operation to create renal interstitium fibrosis. The rats were sacrificed at postoperative days 3, 7, 14 and 21. After sacrifice, the obstructed kidneys of the rats were sliced to make pathological sections. The sections observed under light microscope to evaluate the results of hematoxylin and eosin (HE) staining, Masson staining or proliferative cell nuclear antigen(PCNA) and alpha-smooth muscle actin (alpha-SMA) detected by immunohistochemistry. RESULTS After operation, the operated rats showed progressive renal interstitium fibrosis. The expression of alpha-smooth muscle actin in renal tubular epithelial cell and interstitium increased significantly. In comparison with the rats of operation group, the PNS-treated rats had less alpha-smooth muscle actin in interstitium. In addition, PNS could significantly increase the number of cell expressed proliferative cell nuclear antigen in tubules. CONCLUSION The lesions of tubules-interstitium got worse and the renal interstitium showed progressive fibrosis gradually in rats with unilateral ureteral obstruction. PNS was noted to have ameliorative effects on the fibrotic process of renal interstitium; it can block tubular epithelial-myofibroblast transdifferentiation.
Market Entry Strategies of Passenger Carmakers - The Case Study of the Czech Republic

In 2014, the Czech automotive industry had a record-breaking year with 1 278 000 motor vehicles manufactured. This was a result of the investment of three major carmakers, who entered into the Czech Republic, because they believed in the industrial capacity of the country and its strategic location in Central Europe. The goal of this article is to analyze the different entry strategies into the Czech market and to compare the results of different strategic approaches for both foreign private investors and the recipient country. The main research method used in this article is a case study. In our case studies, we will analyze the cases of the Volkswagen group and its acquisition of the manufacturer Skoda, the greenfield investment of Hyundai, and the strategic alliance of the French car producer PSA with Japanese Toyota who had founded the TPCA joint venture in the Czech Republic. All three case studies show examples of good practices and prove that foreign direct investment (FDI) has the potential to generate employment, raise productivity, transfer skills and technology, enhance exports and contribute to the long-term economic development of the country.
Generating Vesicular Stomatitis Virus Pseudotype Bearing the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus Spike Envelope Glycoprotein for Rapid and Safe Neutralization Test or Cell‐Entry Assay

Abstract: We generated a recombinant vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV) pseudotype (VSV Δ G*SG) by replacing the envelope G gene with the GFP gene and complementing with spike glycoprotein (S) of SARS‐CoV in trans. The neutralization and infection blocking tests showed that the VSV Δ G*SG and SARS‐CoV reacted similarly to SARS‐CoV specific antiserum, suggesting the VSVΔ G*SG can be a safe replacement of the live SARS‐CoV for neutralization test and cell‐entry assay.