Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
DIRECTIONS OF ACTIVATION OF ECOTURISM DEVELOPMENT IN UKRAINE

This study raises issues related to the current state of ecotourism and prospects for its development in our country. Under ecological tourism we understand the form of nature-oriented tourism, carried out in order to learn about wildlife and destination culture, which does not violate the integrity of the ecosystem, designed to contribute to the conservation of natural resources, environmental protection and socio-econom­ic development of the tourist area. According to the World Tourism Organization, Ukraine has great potential for the development of ecotourism and the opportunity to be on the list of leading countries in this area. However, there are a number of limitations and problems that restrain the more active development of ecotourism in Ukraine. The aim of the article is to investigate the reasons for the insufficient devel­opment of ecotourism in Ukraine and to substantiate the directions of its intensifica­tion in the country. The comparative characteristics of the areas of protected areas of the world and Ukraine indicate that in Ukraine and some CIS countries is dominated by a small number of protected areas, but with a large average area in contrast to countries such as Canada, Australia, Sweden, Norway, which have much more pro­tected territories with their relatively small average area. It is noted that in Ukraine, in contrast to a number of foreign countries, where there are more accurate methods of calculating the tourist flow, it is very difficult to estimate the real flow of visitors to national parks, due to the lack of unambiguous methods of counting visitors. To promote ecological tourism, the administration of national parks is recommended to present parks at international tourism exhibitions, cooperate more actively with tour operators and travel agents, develop the park's infrastructure and recreational activi­ties within it, offering tourists new routes.
University of Southern Denmark Offshore Wind Power at Rough Sea

This study compare the current operations and maintenance issues of one offshore wind park at very rough sea conditions and two onshore wind parks. Through a detailed data analysis and case studies this study identifies how improvements have been made in maintenance of large wind turbines. However, the study has also revealed the need for new maintenance models including a shift from breakdown and preventive maintenances and towards more predictive maintenance to reduce the cost of energy for offshore wind energy installations in the future.
Bibliometric Analysis Of Sustainable And Green Consumption Research From 1974 To 2019

The past decade witnessed the resurgence of sustainable consumption due to the strong support offered by companies, consumers, institutions, and society. Nevertheless, examination of sustainable consumption via bibliometric and network analyses is absent from the vast literature. In order to bridge this gap, a bibliometric analysis was performed on all publications related to sustainable consumption in the Scopus database for the period of 1974-2019. Upon analyzing 2352 articles, several parameters were determined, namely the trends in publications, the most popular journals, the productive countries of the most important countries, most of the studies cited and the list of keywords for further description (psychosocial factors). From the selected 160 journals, articles were most-frequently published in Sustainability Switzerland, while the Journal of Consumer Marketing ranked first for total citation. The emergence of sustainable consumption topic was spread across 120 countries and 159 academic institutions. This present study discovered that the United States dominated publication production, whereas Universität Göttingen in Germany was the most productive institution. Upon further systematic analysis using VOS viewer, 5333 keywords were listed. The top four clusters of psychosocial determinants were discussed in light of social norm, attitude, environmental concern, and perceived value. Building on the outcomes retrieved from this analysis, researchers may better plan their studies and contribute better insights of their empirical investigations.
The Relationship between Effective Communication and Employee Retention of Operational Level Employees in Apparel industry in Sri Lanka

Human resource is the most valuable asset for every organization, which is generating unique competitive advantages. Retention of operational level employees has become a severe problem in apparel industry in Sri Lanka. The managements of most of the companies assume that weaknesses or deficiencies of internal communication system may be the reason for this unsolved turnover issue. Accordingly, primary objective of present research was analysis the relationship between effective communication (EC) and employee retention (ER) of operational level employees in Apparel industry, Sri Lanka. In this research 248 operational level employees were selected based on convenient judgment sampling method. Data was collected through a structured questionnaire and analyzed using SPSS. Effectiveness of the communication has been measured through supervisor support (SS), upward communication (UC) and quality of information (QI). Findings of the hypothesis 1 (There is a significant relationship between EC on ER) revealed that there is a strong positive relationship between EC and the retention intention of employees, hypothesis 2 (SS has significant relationship with ER) revealed that there is a strong positive relationship between SS and the retention intention of employees, hypothesis 3 (UC has significant relationship with ER) revealed that there is a weak positive relationship between UC and the retention intention of employees and hypothesis 4 (QI has significant relationship with ER) revealed that there is a moderate relationship between QI and the retention intention of employees. Based on the findings, SS has the highest positive relationship with ER. Demonstrating care about employees, providing counselling, strengthening connection between managers and employees and encouraging two-way communication are possible action for the company to improve communication. In order to establish healthy upward communication procedure within the organization, problem card system, employee satisfaction survey, and suggestion box systems can be introduced.
ASSESSMENT OF THE PROGRESS OF THE QUALITY MANAGEMENT SYSTEM IN TRAVEL COMPANIES

In the conditions of transformation of national economy and aggravation of competition at the travel market, companies of the Ukrainian small travel business have an important problem related to the increase of efficiency of the services quality management. One of the ways for solving this problem is to form the quality management system in travel companies for creating a competitive tourism product that can meet the needs of foreign and domestic consumers, promptly response to the market demand. This problem became particularly important after the coming into force of the Ukraine-European Union Association Agreement. The aim of the article is to determine directions in improving the quality management system in travel companies for increasing the quality of services rendered to tourists and economic growth. The hypothesis of the research consists in the assumption that assessing levels of the quality management system development is a foundation for its improvement and increasing the competitiveness of travel companies. This hypothesis will be confirmed by studying 10 small travel business companies that are in Odessa Region, Ukraine. The method of expert evaluation was used for the study. The hypothesis of the research is proved. The experience in the experimental verification of a suggested approach for assessing levels of the quality management system development in 10 studied travel companies shows that the suggested customized approaches and research techniques can form modern instruments for diagnosing a current state of the corporate quality management, and are a foundation for improving the quality management system.
The focus of the body and movement in the didactic and educational paths in AAC

The article makes a reflection on the focus of the body in action in communicative, emotional and learning processes recognizing, in Augmentative and Alternative Communication, a resource for teaching and inclusion. The development of inclusive educational paths is essential to the enhancement of the creative, vicarious and simulative aspects of the body which, through action, builds thoughts, conveys emotions, compensates for lackings and constitutes the center of relationships with the others. Where verbal language is absent and in all those cases where it is limited or difficult to understand, AAC can increase existing communication skills and, through the use of symbolic systems, increases the potential of the body and of the movement in the educational field.
Narative Review: Electromyography sebagai

Losing limbs (disabilities) in humans, whether caused by physical or accidental causes, is a case that can be said to be quite a few in Indonesia, even in the world. Therefore, an alternative is needed in order to help a person with disabilities in carrying out daily activities, for example, artificial limbs (prosthetics). A prosthetic arm is used as a tool for someone who has lost the upper limb. one of the types of prosthetic arms are electrically controlled. To make a prosthetic arm, an EMG (Electromyogram) sensor is needed to control the movement of the arm and fingers. This is the main ingredient in this research. The method used in this research is by reviewing the existing literature and the data presented in the form of secondary data with the flowchart stage. The results of this study were collected from several stages and formulas in the prosthetic hand control process.
Matrix-variate Lindley distributions and its applications

Abstract. Restring on the fact that the definition of multivariate analogs of the real gamma distribution is replaced by the Wishart distribution on symmetric matrices, and based on the notion of mixture models which is a flexible and powerful tool for treating data taken from multiple subpopulations, we set forward a multivariate analog of the real Lindley distributions of the first and second kinds on the modern framework of symmetric cones which can be used to model waiting and survival times matrix data. Within this framework, we first construct a new probability distributions, named the matrix-variate Lindley distributions. Some fundamental properties of these new distributions are established. Their statistical properties including moments, the coefficient of variation, skewness and the kurtosis are discussed. We then create an iterative hybrid Expectation-Maximization Fisher-Scoring (EM-FS) algorithm to estimate the parameters of the new class of probability distributions. Through simulation as well as comparative studies with respect to the Wishart distribution, the effectiveness and reliability of the proposed distributions are proved. Finally, the usefulness and the applicability of the new models are elaborated and illustrated by means of two real data sets from biological sciences and medical image segmentation which is one of the most important and popular tasks in medical image analysis.
SARS-CoV-2 naiÌve and recovered individuals show qualitatively different antibody responses following mRNA vaccination

mRNA-based vaccines effectively induce protective neutralizing antibody responses against SARS-CoV-2, the etiological agent of COVID-19. The specific compositional patterns of these responses remain largely unknown. We found that SARS-CoV-2-naive individuals receiving the first dose of an mRNA vaccine developed a SARS-CoV-2-specific antibody response with a subclass profile comparable to that induced by the natural infection, except IgA2, which did not increase. SARS-CoV-2-naive subjects also mounted a robust virus-specific recall response after receiving the second dose. This response increased all IgG subclasses, but boosted neither IgM nor IgA1 and IgA2 subclasses. In contrast, individuals recovered from COVID-19 mounted peak virus-specific antibody responses upon primary immunization and did not further augment such responses following secondary immunization. Remarkably, compared to SARS-CoV-2-naive subjects, individuals with pre-existing immunity showed increased levels of all virus-specific antibodies but IgG3 following primary vaccination. By dissecting the heterogeneity of mRNA vaccine-induced humoral responses to SARS-CoV-2, our findings indicate that the induction of optimal immune protection may require the development of personalized vaccination programs.
Alleviation of collagen-induced arthritis through cytokine-modulatory activity of Brazilian propolis AF-08 in mice

Brazilian propolis AF-08 as a dietary supplement has been shown to be effective in alleviating symptoms of herpes simplex virus and respiratory syncytial virus infection in mice. The alleviation was associated with the modification of immunological activity by AF-08 as a cytokine regulator. The immunomodulatory activity of AF-08 was suggested to contribute to the severity of symptoms and pathogenesis in cytokine-mediated diseases. In this study, we investigated the effectiveness of AF-08 as a potential cytokine modulator in alleviating autoimmune diseases. The efficacy and cytokine-modulatory activity of AF-08 were examined in collagen-induced arthritis (CIA) in mice. Mice were immunized with type II collagen. AF-08 at 0, 30, or 100 mg/kg was administered orally to the immunized mice once daily for three weeks before and/or three times daily for two weeks after the onset of CIA. The development of arthritis of the paws and inflammatory cytokine levels in serum were examined. AF-08 at 100 mg/kg significantly reduced the incidence and severity of CIA prophylactically and therapeutically and reduced the rise of systemic interleukin-6 (IL-6) and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α levels in the early phase of CIA. In the early phase of CIA, the reduction of inflammatory cytokine levels by AF-08 correlated with the amelioration of symptoms of CIA. AF-08 might inhibit the initiation of cytokinemediated disease rather than suppressing disease progression without toxicity. AF-08 was confirmed to possess cytokine-modulatory activity in vivo. It is possible that AF-08 is a potential prophylactic and therapeutic agent for autoimmune diseases.
POLLUTION-SAVING TECHNOLOGICAL CHANGE IN A TWO-SECTOR ENDOGENOUS GROWTH MODEL

This paper explores the link between environmental quality and economic growth in an endogenous growth model that incorporates pollution-saving technological change. It examines the conditiona under which austaínable growth ia both feasible and optimal. We explore also how the government should intervene to ensure the optimal levels of natural and knowledge capital, which have a publicgoods character. Furthermore, the long-run effects of an increased concern for the environment are examined. In particular, we establish the conditiona for a more ambitious environmental policy to raise long-run growth. 'CentER for Economic Research, Tilburg University, P.O. Box 90153, 5000 LE Tilburg, The Netherlanda, Reeearch Centre for Economic Policy (OCFEB), Eraemua Univereity, P.O. Box 1738, 3000 DR Rotterdam, The Netherlanda, and Centre for Economic Policy Reeearch (CEPR), London. 1Dept. o[ Economica, Tilburg Univeraity, P.O. Box 90153, 5000 LE Tilburg, The Netherlands.
Clustering the Navigation Pattern Using Graph Partitioning

World Wide Web become as information gateway and as a medium for conducting business. People use web pages to retrieve information which may need or demand. Web mining can provide the navigation link to user by using user behavior. This system provides clustering of user navigation patterns based on graph partitioning algorithm. For clustering of user navigation patterns, the system creates an undirected graph based on connectivity between each pair of web pages and assigns weight to edges in such graph. Those weights are then used in clustering algorithm based on graph partitioning. These system results can be used to improve the overall performance of future access and the clusters concerning user navigation pattern can be used for web caching.
Performance Comparison of Stacked Dual-Metal Gate Engineered Cylindrical Surrounding Double-Gate MOSFET

—In this research work, a Cylindrical Surrounding Double-Gate (CSDG) MOSFET design in a stacked-Dual Metal Gate (DMG) architecture has been proposed to incorporate the ability of gate metal variation in channel field formation. Further, the internal gate's threshold voltage ( V TH1 ) could be reduced compared to the external gate ( V TH2 ) by arranging the gate metal work-function in Double Gate devices. Therefore, a device design of CSDG MOSFET has been realized to instigate the effect of Dual Metal Gate (DMG) stack architecture in the CSDG device. The comparison of device simulation shown optimized electric field and surface potential profile. The gradual decrease of metal work function towards the drain also improves the Drain Induced Barrier Lowering (DIBL) and subthreshold characteristics. The physics-based analysis of gate stack CSDG MOSFET that operates in saturation involving the analogy of cylindrical dual metal gates has been considered to evaluate the performance improvements. The insights obtained from the results using the gate-stack dual metal structure of CSDG are quite promising, which can serve as a guide to further reduce the threshold voltage roll-off, suppress the Hot Carrier Effects (HCEs) and Short Channel Effects (SCEs).
COMPARATIVE EVALUATION OF THE ANTIBACTERIAL EFFECTS OF Moringa oleifera AND Nigella sativa ON SOME CLINICAL BACTERIAL ISOLATES OBTAINED FROM IGBINEDION UNIVERSITY, OKADA, NIGERIA

Antibacterial susceptibility study of the aqueous, methanol and chloroform extract of Moringa oleifera and Nigella sativa was carried out to comparatively evaluate the antibacterial effects of these plants against some clinical isolates (Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa). The susceptibility of the bacterial isolates to the extract of M. oleifera and N. Sativa were determined by agar well diffusion and minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) techniques. The findings from this study revealed that M. oleifera leaf extract exhibited better antibacterial effects than N. sativa seed extract, as indicated by their zones of inhibition and MIC values. The aqueous and chloroform extract of M. oleifera exhibited activity only against S. aureus and E. coli (MIC values of the aqueous and chloroform extract of M. oleifera against S. aureus and E. coli were reported as 3.91 mg/ml and 1.96 mg/ml for S. aureus, as well as 7.20 mg/ml and 31.25 mg/ml for E. coli), while the methanol extract of M. oleifera showed activity against all the three bacterial isolates (MIC values were 31.25 mg/ml, 3.91 mg/ml, and 125 mg/ml for S. aureus, E. coli and P. aeruginosa respectively). Unlike the chloroform extract of N. sativa which showed no activity against the three bacterial isolates, the aqueous and methanol extract of N. sativa seeds showed some activity only against S. aureus with a MIC value of 31.25 mg/ml each. Evidence of the antibacterial effect of M. oleifera and N. sativa, as revealed in this study, underscores their therapeutic utilization in traditional medicine.
Results of comprehensive dysphagia evaluation and delayed oral intake following esophagectomy

Department of Surgery, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA; Department of Surgery, City of Hope Cancer Center, Duarte, CA, USA; Department of Surgery, University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA; Department of Population Sciences, City of Hope Cancer Center, Duarte, CA, USA Contributions: (I) Conception and design: AM Blakely, OS Eng, JY Kim; (II) Administrative support: JY Kim; (III) Provision of study materials or patients: L Erhunmwunsee, DJ Raz, IB Paz, JY Kim; (IV) Collection and assembly of data: AM Blakeley, OS Eng; (V) Data analysis and interpretation: AM Blakely, OS Eng, RA Nelson, JY Kim; (VI) Manuscript Writing: All authors; (VII) Final approval of manuscript: All authors. Correspondence to: Jae Y. Kim, MD. Department of Surgical Oncology, City of Hope National Medical Center, 1500 East Duarte Road, Duarte, CA 91104, USA. Email: jaekim@coh.org.
A PRAGMATIC ANALYSIS OF SIMILARITIES AND DIFFERENCES OF POLITENESS STRATEGIES PERFORMED BY MALE AND FEMALE TEACHERS IN EFL CLASSROOM CONTEXT AT SMAN 1 TELADAN YOGYAKARTA

This research aims at identifying the types of politeness strategies, describing how politeness strategies are realized, and identifying the sociological factors that initiate the use of politeness strategies performed by male and female teachers in EFL classroom context. This research was descriptive qualitative research. This study used Brown and Levinson’s politeness strategies (1978). The results revealed three findings. First, the bald-on record strategy was more widely found in the teachers’ classroom English. The positive politeness strategy was widely found in male teacher’s politeness strategies, while the off-record strategy was widely found in female teacher’s politeness strategies. Second, the male teacher realized politeness strategies by showing that he did not fear noncooperative acts from the students in giving instructions. He also realized the strategies by including him and the students in the activity to gain students’ cooperativeness. Meanwhile, the female teacher often realized the strategies by giving hints in responding to students’ answers. Third, the sociological factor that initiated teachers’ politeness strategies was the ranking of imposition. This research shows that the male teacher mostly used politeness strategies to demand students’ obedience and to invite cooperativeness with the students in the learning activities, while the female teacher used them to avoid discouraging the students in learning English. It also shows that the teachers used politeness strategies to soften the instructions. In addition, this research revealed that gender stereotypes did influence the politeness strategies between male and female teachers.
Pepsin properties, structure, and its accurate measurement: a narrative review

Pepsin is an aspartate protease that is generated from its proenzyme, pepsinogen by autocatalysis initiated by a fall in pH below 5. Human gastric juice contains eight isoenzymes of pepsin. The peptides released on conversion of pepsinogen to pepsin of which there are potentially five, have been shown to have antimicrobial activity against a wide range of bacteria including Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas and Staphylococcus which have also been shown to have biofilm formation inhibiting properties. The stability in response to changes in pH varies between pepsin and pepsinogen. Pepsinogen is stable up to pH 10, pepsin is only stable to pH just above 7.0 and is completely denatured at pH 8.0. Many diseases of the aerodigestive tract have been linked to reflux and the presence of pepsin. Therefore, the measurement of pepsin in tissue and lavages or in saliva or sputum, could be a good screening tool for the diagnosis of reflux related disease. However, there is no current consensus as to the best methods to measure it or the best time to sample it. For an effective pepsin ELISA, the following is required; a monoclonal/monospecific polyclonal antibody with a good lowest level of detection (LLOD) and sensitivity 1–25 ng/mL (depending on dilution) and an adequate supply of purified human pepsin as a standard for antibody-based assays. If possible, an activity assay for pepsin should also be used as the presence of pepsin protein does not indicate it is capable of damaging activity. Finally, if pepsin is associated with a disease large studies are required to confirm it with multiple samples. This review deals with several studies where pepsin quantitation is attempted, and their measurement techniques assessed.