Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Exploration of the Gap between Theory and Practice in Tunisia Nurse Education System: A Cross-Sectional Descriptive Study with a Focus on Hand Hygiene

The theory/practice gap has long been highlighted as one of the biggest problems hindering the advancement of nurse sciences and nursing students. This problem however has never been explored nor proved to be present within the Tunisian nurse bachelor degree. Thus we aim to explore the existence of this gap in the Tunisian nurse education program through the technique of simple hand washing.This study is a cross-sectional descriptive study, recruiting cohort of randomly chosen nurses (n=70), over the span of 6 months. Both a survey questionnaire and an observation grid were used, one was to test the nurse‘s knowledge of the simple hand washing technique the other to evaluate the execution of the technique.Only 10% of our population were able to correctly name the different recommended steps needed to execute the technique in question. Only 8.6% were able to successfully answer the entire survey questionnaire. 67.1 % of the observed nurses failed to execute the technique in accordance with the recommendations for it . Our study proved the existence of the theory/practice gap within in the curriculum of the high institute of nursing of Tunis, at least when it comes to hand hygiene, which calls for further examination of the problem and immediate intervention.
Effects of a K+ Channel Opener to Reduce Transmural Dispersion of Repolarization and Prevent Torsade de Pointes in LQT1, LQT2, and LQT3 Models of the Long-QT Syndrome

Background—This study examines the effects of nicorandil, a K+ channel opener, on transmural dispersion of repolarization (TDR) and induction of torsade de pointes (TdP) under conditions mimicking the LQT1, LQT2, and LQT3 forms of the congenital long-QT syndrome (LQTS). Methods and Results—Transmembrane action potentials of epicardial, M, and endocardial cells were recorded simultaneously from an arterially perfused wedge of canine left ventricle together with a transmural ECG. Chromanol 293B (30 μmol/L) was used to block IKs (LQT1 model). Isoproterenol (50 to 100 nmol/L) was used to mimic an increase in β-adrenergic tone, d-sotalol (100 μmol/L) to block IKr (LQT2 model), and ATX-II (20 nmol/L) to augment late INa (LQT3 model). Isoproterenol+chromanol 293B, d-sotalol, and ATX-II produced preferential prolongation of the action potential duration at 90% repolarization (APD90) of the M cell, an increase of TDR, and spontaneous as well as stimulation-induced TdP (LQT1, 3/6; LQT2, 3/6; LQT3, 5/6). Nicorandil .
In Vivo Quantitative Tissue Characterization of Human Coronary Arterial Plaques by Use of Integrated Backscatter Intravascular Ultrasound and Comparison With Angioscopic Findings

Background— The purpose of the present study was to define whether integrated backscatter (IB) combined with conventional intravascular ultrasound (IVUS) makes tissue characterization of coronary arterial plaques possible. Methods and Results— IB-IVUS was performed in coronary arteries (total 18 segments) of 9 patients at autopsy, and the findings were compared with the histology. RF signals, which were digitized at 2 GHz in 8-bit resolution, were obtained with an IVUS system with a 40-MHz catheter. IB values of the RF signal from the region of interest (ROI) (100-μm depth, 1.4° per line) were calculated by use of a personal computer. IB values on the ROIs were divided into 5 categories, compared with each of the plaque histologies: category 1 (thrombus), −88 < IB ≤ −80; category 2 (intimal hyperplasia or lipid core), −73 < IB ≤ −63; category 3 (fibrous tissue), −63 < IB ≤ −55; category 4 (mixed lesions), −55 < IB ≤ −30; and category 5 (calcification), −30 < IB ≤ −23. On the basis of these categories, we .
Effects of Intermittent Pneumatic Compression on Lower Limb Edema and Health-Related Quality of Life in Breast Cancer Patients Undergoing Adjuvant Chemotherapy

Background: Intermittent pneumatic compression (IPC) therapy is used to treat lymphedema and lower limb edema in patients who are undergoing chemotherapy for breast cancer. The aims of this study were to clarify the effects of IPC on lower limb edema and health-related quality of life (HRQOL), and to determine the relevant factors in breast cancer patients who received adjuvant chemotherapy and IPC for treating the lower limb edema, in an effort to optimize nursing care for such patients in outpatient clinics. Methods: Participants were interviewed to obtain demographic and clinical data using a questionnaire designed for this study. HRQOL and foot edema were also quantified. HRQOL was assessed using a Japanese version of the World Health Organization’s Quality of Life (WHOQOL) assessment. Foot edema was evaluated by measuring calf and ankle circumference, as well as hip abduction and ankle flexion. Results: The calf and ankle circumference, and ankle flexion significantly decreased 1 week after implementing IPC therapy, but there was no significant change in hip abduction. Scores of all domains of the WHOQOL assessment significantly increased 12 weeks after administering IPC therapy. The results of the multiple logistic regression analysis showed that time since surgery and age were significantly associated with the change in ankle circumference, and that being overweight (body mass index ≥25) was significantly associated with social relationships and global QOL domains. Conclusions: Nurses in outpatient clinics should be cognizant of a patient’s time since surgery, age, and body-mass index before implementation of IPC therapy to provide optimal nursing care.
Knowledge of Undergraduates in Dentistry on Oral Cancer

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the level of knowledge of Lins School of Dentistry Methodist University of Piracicaba – universitary students in relation to risk factors, prevention and early diagnosis of oral cancer. This is a descriptive study of quantitative approach and transversal model, where a questionnaire containing 37 questions on the subject was applied to 247 students distributed among the first and fifth year classes. The data were submitted to the Chi-square test at 5%. The knowledge was progressive in every year of study, with students from first to third years not yet demonstrating the necessary knowledge of the subject addressed. However, those in the fourth and fifth years having studied the subjects related to the theme, showed to be minimally suitable for coping with oral cancer prevention campaigns, since these stimulate the knowledge and train the students to attend the patients at risk.
Abstract 2310: Targeting transcription-associated CDKs is an effective way to combat glioblastoma and medulloblastoma with minimal effect on primary neurons

Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is the most prevalent and malignant brain tumor in adults. Currently there are no effective therapies to manage the disease efficiently. Medulloblastoma is the most common type of pediatric tumor and accounts for approximately 15% of all pediatric brain tumors. We aimed to determine if targeting the transcription-associated cyclin-dependent kinases, cdk7 and cdk9, using specific inhibitors, could interfere with the growth and metastatic properties of glioblastoma and medulloblastoma cell lines. We tested the effectiveness of Flavopiridol, a known inhibitor of cdk4, cdk6, pTEFb and cdk9; THZ1, a cdk7 inhibitor; and SNS032, which is known to inhibit cdk2, cdk7 and cdk9, on U87 and SNB19 glioblastoma, H4 neuroglioma and Daoy medullobastoma cells. Treatment with these pharmacological agents showed very strong cytotoxic effects on these cancer cells as measured by MTT (3-(4, 5-dimethylthiazol-2yl)-2, 5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide) assay. Among these agents the cdk7 inhibitor was most effective and showed efficacy at nanomolar concentrations. Additionally, the inhibitors interfered with the cancer cell migration, as measured by wound healing assay, and anchorage independent growth, as measured by soft agar colony formation. In stark contrast, the inhibitors had no cytotoxic effects on primary neurons. Mechanistically, western blot analysis showed that the tumor cells treated with the inhibitors had reduced levels of Pol II C-terminal domain phosphorylation, indicative of its inhibition and suppression of transcription. Furthermore, inhibitor treatment resulted in a significant reduction in p70S6 kinase phosphorylation, suggesting that in addition to the transcriptional machinery, the translational machinery is also affected upon treatment with the aforementioned cdk inhibitors. Immunostaining analysis of the cells showed a marked reduction in the levels of P-Pol II and P-p70S6 kinase upon inhibitor treatment, confirming that the cdk inhibitors indeed interfere with both transcription and translation. These inhibitors appear to be working in a p53-dependent fashion. These novel findings shed light on potential mechanisms that can be targeted to combat both glioblastoma and medulloblastoma effectively. More specifically, our studies imply that cdk7 and cdk9 inhibitors may serve as potential therapies for effective management of brain tumor. Citation Format: Isha Bhutada, Srikumar Chellappan, Jaya Padmanabhan. Targeting transcription-associated CDKs is an effective way to combat glioblastoma and medulloblastoma with minimal effect on primary neurons [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2018; 2018 Apr 14-18; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2018;78(13 Suppl):Abstract nr 2310.
Data Mining Techniques to Predict Chronic Kidney Disease and its Stages

Chronic Kidney Disease incorporates the state where the kidneys fail to function and reduce the potential to keep a person suffering from the disease healthy. When the condition of the kidneys gets worse, the wastes in the blood are formed in high level. Data mining has been a present pattern for accomplishing analytic outcomes. Colossal measure of un-mined data is gathered by the human services industry so as to find concealed data for powerful analysis and basic leadership. Data mining is the way towards extricating concealed data from gigantic datasets. The goal of our paper is to anticipate CKD utilizing the classification strategy Naïve Bayes. The phases of CKD are anticipated in the light of Glomerular Filtration Rate (GFR).
Use of DOTATATE PET/CT Scan in the Diagnosis and Staging of Thymic Atypical Carcinoid Tumor in a Patient with Secondary ACTH-dependent Cushing Syndrome: Look Twice and Cut Once

Neuroendocrine thymic tumors represent the least common type of primary thymic tumor with a prevalence of 2 to 5%. We present a case of locally advanced thymic atypical carcinoid tumor diagnosed incidentally while investigating progressive Cushing syndrome. Computed tomography (CT) scan demonstrated a large 2.9 cm exophytic thyroid nodule and a 2.0 cm anterior mediastinal mass. Biopsy of the thyroid nodule demonstrated benign thyroid tissue, and octreotide scan revealed avid uptake in the right thyroid lobe with minimal uptake in the thymic tumor. 68Gallium-1,4,7,10-tetraazacyclododecane-N,N′,N′′N′′′tetraacetic acid-D-Phe1,Tyr3-octreotate (Ga-68 DOTATATE) positron emission tomography (PET)/CT scan showed intense uptake in the thyroid gland followed by a moderate amount of activity in the anterior mediastinal mass. The patient underwent a median sternotomy and radical thymectomy with en bloc resection of the left innominate vein and primary repair of the superior vena cava (SVC). On further evaluation, the presumed thyroid nodule appeared contiguous with the thymic lesion and separate from the thyroid. Final pathology demonstrated a poorly differentiated 4.4 cm atypical carcinoid tumor with nine positive lymph nodes. On the third postoperative day, the serum cortisol level precipitously decreased to a level of 6.8 μg/dL. This case highlights the challenges surrounding the diagnosis of hormonally active thymic carcinoids and demonstrates the utility of Ga-68 DOTATATE PET scan in localizing somatostatinpositive neuroendocrine tumors and surgical planning. 1,9Thoracic Surgeon, 2Cardiac Surgeon, 3Endocrinologist 4,5Radiologist, 6Endocrine Surgeon, 7,8Pathologist 1,2,9Department of Thoracic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester Minnesota, USA 3Department of Endocrinology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester Minnesota, USA 4Department of Radiology and Immunology, Mayo Clinic Rochester, Minnesota, USA 5Department of Radiology, Lennox Hill Hospital, New York, USA 6Department of Endocrine Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester Minnesota, USA 7,8Department of Anatomic Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester Minnesota, USA Corresponding Author: John Agzarian, Thoracic Surgeon Department of Thoracic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester Minnesota, USA, e-mail: john.agzarian@medportal.ca CASE REPORT 10.5005/jp-jour als-10002-1231 OES
Chart Audit and Educational Provider Feedback Intervention to Improve Appropriate Use of Spirometry in Patients with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease

Despite being a GOLD guideline and having documented benefits, confirming a COPD diagnosis with spirometry is not routinely done. The purpose of this project was to increase patient referrals for spirometry to confirm COPD diagnosis. A quasi-experimental design was incorporated in a primary care office. A retrospective pre-intervention chart audit and two postchart audits, 30-days apart, compared the frequency of documented spirometry to confirm a COPD diagnosis. An educational intervention with a pre and post-survey examined provider behavior intention to order spirometry to confirm a COPD diagnosis. The pre-chart audit revealed that 27/50 (54%) of patients had spirometry documented to confirm a COPD diagnosis. Thirty-day post chart audit and feedback intervention revealed 33/50 (66%) and sixty-day post chart audit and feedback intervention revealed 31/50 (62%) of patients had spirometry documented to confirm a COPD diagnosis. The Z-test at 30 days revealed the P-value corresponding to z-1.225 is 0.112. The Z-test from the pre-chart audit to the 60-day post-chart audit revealed the P-value corresponding to z-0.8104 is 0.2088. The post-survey of 6 providers revealed a behavior intention increase from 63.4% to 86.6%, a 23.3% increase in behavior intention. Although there was not a statistically significant increase in the number of spirometry referrals, there was a clinically significant increase. After implementing a chart audit and educational intervention, the provider’s behavior intention also increased. Hence, a chart audit and educational intervention may be helpful to improve primary care provider’s behavior intention for specific clinical practice guidelines.
A review of complementary feeding practices in South Africa

Introduction: Infant health and nutrition in South Africa are a priority, as evidenced by the political commitment and policy development history of the last 25 years. Current efforts focus on improving breastfeeding rates, but the action plan for complementary feeding receives less attention and resourcing. A thorough analysis of the current infant feeding situation is required to assist with policy and targeted programmes associated with complementary feeding. Aim: The aim of this review was to identify and collate all published research in South Africa on the complementary feeding practices of infants and young children, aged 0–24 months. Methodology: Searches included English-language research published between 2006 and 2017, within PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science and Google Scholar. All papers included in the review had to meet defined eligibility criteria. Papers older than 11 years were excluded. In total 34 papers relevant to South Africa were identified and included in this review. Main findings: Early introduction of foods and liquids other than breast milk is a common practice. Maize porridge is a common first food for infants, but there is also a high reliance on commercial infant cereal. Water and other liquids (e.g. tea, herbal mixtures) are commonly given to infants younger than six months. There is little information on the number of meals per day. The diets of many older infants do not meet the criteria for a minimally acceptable diet. Few animal source foods are used in complementary feeding. There are indications that processed meats, soft drinks, sweets and salty crisps are given regularly to older infants between six months and one year. Conclusion: Complementary feeding practices in South Africa are suboptimal and appropriate action is needed to improve this situation. Further investigation is needed on whether older infants and young children can achieve their required dietary intakes from the food that is available to them. If a change in older infant and young child feeding behaviour is desired, then existing methods and approaches need to change.
Comprehensive Pharmacology Review of Guduchi [Tinospora cordifolia (Willd.) Miers]

Aim: This review aims to explore various pharmacological studies carried out on Tinospora cordifolia and exploit the therapeutic utility to combat different diseases. Background: Guduchi [Tinospora cordifolia (Willd.) Miers] is a precious medicinal plant in Ayurveda, the Indian system of medicine. The plant has long been used in Indian traditional medicine by the tribal and nontribal communities for treating a variety of diseases. Results: Different pharmacology studies of Guduchi illustrated in this review show that this medicinal plant possesses antidiabetic, antioxidant, cognition, anti-inflammatory, analgesic, and wound-healing, anticancer, antimalarial, immunomodulatory, and hepatoprotective activities. Conclusion: The present review confirms the effectiveness of Guduchi (Tinospora cordifolia) in the prevention and treatment of different health ailments. However, an extensive research and development work on the herb targeting drug characterization and exploring their mechanism of action is essential for validating its potential in preventing and treatment of diseases. Clinical significance: Tinospora cordifolia showed excellent antihyperglycemic, hypoglycemic, anti-inflammatory, and hepatoprotective activity. It also has beneficial effects on immune modulation for diabetic foot ulcer healing.
The Lung Microbiome in Health and Respiratory Diseases

The human respiratory microbiota in health shows interpersonal differences related, among other factors, to unique anatomic and physiological characteristics, individual immune response, and environmental conditions. The stable but probably transient lung microbiota is originated by the continuous microaspirations of the oropharyngeal secretions that are later subjected to the clearance processes that take place in the lower respiratory tract. In exacerbations of chronic pulmonary diseases, a positive feedback cycle of inflammation and dysbiosis is produced that commonly ends in a reduction of the lung microbial diversity. In acute respiratory infections, the entrance of a respiratory pathogen in the lower respiratory tract triggers an inflammatory process that causes the imbalance in the stable microbiota. Results of the research on the human respiratory microbiome are occasionally controversial, and more longitudinal studies are needed to analyze the trends in the composition of the bacterial respiratory community. The establishment of common methodological protocols, from sample collection to primers’ selection, or sequence analysis processing, will aid in comparing data from different studies. Yet, there are many unsolved questions as to whether an altered microbial community is the cause or the consequence of a respiratory disease, how adaptive immunity influences the microbiota composition and vice versa, or what environmental factors might impact the respiratory microbiome. Another pending issue is the role of other nonbacterial microorganisms such as fungi or viruses in the microbiome composition in health and disease. The characterization of the whole genomic content and the functional analysis of all the genes found in a respiratory specimen will improve our comprehension of the relationships between microbiome and disease.
Adjuvant radiotherapy for synovial sarcoma of the hand: a case report and literature review

Soft tissue sarcoma of the hand is rare, with synovial sarcoma being among the most common pathological diagnoses. As postoperative radiation therapy for synovial sarcoma, a 22-year-old male patient was treated with a total dose of 60 Gy, administered in 30 daily fractions. This report reviews the clinical outcome of the patient treated at our institution and discusses the appropriate treatment strategies for synovial sarcoma of the hand.
In vitro comparison of wear characteristics of PyroCarbon and metal on bone: Shoulder hemiarthroplasty

Background There are concerns regarding glenoid erosion with metal shoulder hemiarthroplasty. PyroCarbon may offer an alternative because of favorable wear characteristics and preservation of the glenoid. The purpose of this study was to assess in vitro bone wear characteristics of PyroCarbon relative to cobalt chromium alloy hemiarthroplasty in a shoulder wear simulator. Methods Wear of PyroCarbon and cobalt chromium prostheses articulating with bone were characterized by means of bone wear penetration rate, changes to surface roughness, and wear particle analysis. Results PyroCarbon prostheses produced significantly less damage to bone and were less damaged by the bone than cobalt chromium prostheses. Cobalt chromium testing was halted at approximately 320,000 cycles because the bone was consumed. Wear testing of PyroCarbon specimens continued through five million cycles. Linearized bone penetration rate, bone volume loss rate, and surface roughness for cobalt chromium test specimens were 30 times greater than for PyroCarbon. Conclusions Results demonstrate significantly less damage to bone in simulated shoulder function testing for PyroCarbon hemiarthroplasty implants relative to conventional cobalt chromium implants. Our study supports use of PyroCarbon in humeral head hemiarthroplasty as a viable alternative to conventional metal hemiarthroplasty. Further investigation of PyroCarbon performance in clinical settings is warranted.
The Prevalence and related risk factors of hypertension in young adults in Mashhad Hypertension in young adults

Introduction Hypertension is one of the main public health problems and is associated with increased risk of cardiovascular diseases. The incidence of hypertension is growing in all age groups including younger people.Studies have been reported various pattern of hypertension among adolescents in different populations. So we tried to find prevalence M.KH. R. 1Â of hypertension in young adults in north-east of IRAN during2010-2011. Methods: Population-based descriptive analysis was done in 3612 people between 20-29 years old who were coming to medical centers for pre-marriage routine evaluation in Mashhad. Blood pressure was monitored in all of them, and patients with high blood pressure controlled again after two weeks. In follow a standard protocol for assessing elevated blood pressure consisted of 24-hour ambulatory monitoring; and biochemical laboratory tests were performed for all subjects with elevated blood pressure. Results: Prevalence of high blood pressure was 1.4% (49) at the first visit that hypertension confirmed only in 1% (35) of patients at the next evaluation. Twenty-four-hours ambulatory monitoring revealed white coat hypertension in 40% (14) of them. There was significant association between blood pressure and body mass index (BMI), alcohol abuse, and smoking (P 0.05). Conclusion: While the prevalence of hypertension was low in young adults compared to older age groups, it remained important to detect patients earlier, as behavioral improvement may help them for better control of blood pressure and survival. Â