Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Detecting information leaks in Android applications using a hybrid approach with program slicing, instrumentation and tagging

With the increasingly amount of private information stored in mobile devices, the need for more secure ways to detect, control and avoid malicious behaviors has become higher. The too coarse-grained permission system implemented in the Android platform does not cover problems such as preventing an application to send a previously acquired information over SMS or Internet to another device or server. This problem arises because the permission systems implemented in the Android platform works only in the access control and does not handle how the acquired information is handled by the application. In order to enhance detection and awareness of such unwanted information flows, we propose a hybrid information-flow analysis, known as FlowSlicer, that mixes the benefits of static and dynamic analysis, using slicing on a system dependency graph and instrumenting statements found to be important. In order to analyse properly the obtained results, tests regarding overhead and also leak detection rate were performed in the applications present in the category AndroidSpecific from the DroidBench repository, since FlowSlicer intends to work mainly for applications designed for the Android platform. The results show that FlowSlicer is effective in detecting leaks, detects all leaks present in the evaluated applications, and only includes an imperceptible overhead to the instrumented application. The obtained results also show how both static and dynamic analysis work together and help each other in their disadvantages: static analysis helps dynamic analysis by reducing the set of statements to be analysed and dynamic analysis helps to prove false positives from static analysis not to be true.
Step section histology of proximal colon polyps that appear hyperplastic by endoscopy

OBJECTIVE:Recent studies have identified a group of polyps, usually located in the proximal colon, with distinct endoscopic features that predict hyperplastic histology. These polyps may occasionally have foci of dysplastic (adenomatous) tissue. We aimed to define the prevalence of adenomatous foci in these polyps.METHODS:Fifty-one consecutive hyperplastic-appearing proximal colon polyps were sectioned at 1-mm intervals for histological analysis.RESULTS:All 51 polyps were hyperplastic, but two (4%) had foci of adenomatous tissue.CONCLUSION:The prevalence of adenomatous foci in proximal colon polyps with endoscopic features of hyperplastic polyps is low. Whether endoscopic resection of polyps with these features is warranted remains uncertain.
Survival in a phase III, randomized, double-blind study of dacarbazine with or without oblimersen (Bcl-2 antisense) in patients with advanced melanoma and low-normal serum lactate dehydrogenase (LDH; AGENDA).

8531 Background: Oblimersen (OBL) is a Bcl-2 targeted phosphorothioate antisense that enhances antitumor activity of alkylating agents in preclinical studies. A prior phase III study of dacarbazine + OBL in 771 patients (pts) showed significant improvement in all secondary endpoints, including overall response and progression-free survival (PFS), in pts treated with OBL/DTIC, but that the primary endpoint of ITT overall survival (OS) was narrowly missed (P=0.077). Further analysis showed that OS benefit from OBL plus DTIC clustered in pts with low-normal LDH, who displayed a significant treatment interaction with this adverse prognostic factor. We have completed a similarly designed trial (AGENDA) to evaluate whether addition of OBL to DTIC could confirm the OS benefit previously observed in pts with low-normal LDH. METHODS Inclusion criteria included: unresectable Stage 3 or 4 melanoma; no prior chemotherapy; LDH ≤ 0.8 x ULN; ECOG PS 0-1. Pts were randomized to receive DTIC (1000 mg/m2 IV) preceded by a 5-day continuous IV infusion of either OBL (7 mg/kg/d) or placebo. Up to 8 cycles were administered absent progressive disease. Co-primary endpoints of progression-free survival (PFS) and OS were to be analyzed 6 months and 2 years after last patient was accrued, respectively. The trial was powered to detect an increase in OS (HR=0.69; a = 0.05). RESULTS Accrual completed in March 2009 with 314 patients. Treatment groups were balanced with respect to baseline characteristics. LDH was poorly correlated with tumor burden (R=0.16). As previously reported, PFS favored the DTIC-OBL regimen but was not significant (HR=0.85; P=0.23). The protocol allowed for "pooling" of survival data between the 2 studies. An exploratory analysis revealed a modest improvement in pooled PFS data (HR=0.71; P=0.0004). The single primary analysis for OS (and the secondary endpoint of durable response) will be conducted in April 2011. CONCLUSIONS Results for the co-primary AGENDA endpoint of OS will be presented.
The Challenges Of Implementing High Performance Work Practices In The Nonprofit Sector

The last economic crisis raised huge challenges for nonprofit organizations. It is now critical for them to show not only their social legitimacy but also their efficiency and competency to claim for grants (Kearns, Bell, Deem, & McShane, 2014). For nonprofit organizations, High Performance Work Practices (HPWPs) are a way to foster performance and to answer the challenges that they are currently facing. However, such practices have only been applied to the corporate world to date. The entire philosophy behind nonprofit organizations radically contrasts with the for-profit sector. In particular, the principles and practice of human resource management may be quite different depending on the sectoral context. The aim of this article is precisely to analyze the challenges of implementing HPWPs in nonprofit organizations. In order to explore these challenges, we study the HR practices of a nonprofit organization based in UK which struggles with poverty. The discussion of results highlights good practices that should be applied in the nonprofit sector.
High Performance Video Processing in Cloud Data Centres

Mobile phones and affordable cameras are generating large amounts of video data. This data holds information regarding several activities and incidents. Video analytics systems have been introduced to extract valuable information from this data. However, most of these systems are expensive, require human supervision and are time consuming. The probability of extracting inaccurate information is also high due to human involvement. We have addressed these challenges by proposing a cloud based high performance video analytics platform. This platform attempts to minimize human intervention, reduce computation time and enables the processing of a large number of video streams. It achieves high performance by optimizing the occupancy of GPU resources in cloud and minimizing the data transfer by concurrently processing a large number of video streams. The proposed video processing platform is evaluated in three stages. The first evaluation was performed at the cloud level in order to evaluate the scalability of the platform. This evaluation includes fetching and distributing video streams and efficiently utilizing available resources within the cloud. The second valuation was performed at the individual cloud nodes. This evaluation includes measuring the occupancy level, effect of data transfer and the extent of concurrency achieved at each node. The third evaluation was performed at the frame level in order to determine the performance of object recognition algorithms. To measure this, compute intensive tasks of the Local Binary Pattern (LBP) algorithm have been ported on to the GPU resources. The platform proved to be very scalable with high throughput and performance when tested on a large number of video streams with increasing number of nodes.
Measurement of cross‐sectional area of cervical roots and brachial plexus trunks

Introduction: The aim of this study was to determine normal reference values for cross‐sectional area (CSA) and the correlation between demographic factors and CSA in the cervical roots and brachial plexus trunks using ultrasonography. Methods: Ninety‐five age‐matched healthy individuals were studied. Ultrasonographic tests were performed via nerve tracing from the cervical root to the brachial plexus trunk. The CSA of each nerve was measured in the C5–8 ventral roots and brachial plexus (trunk level). Results: Normal values of each cervical root were: C5, 5.66 ± 1.02 mm2; C6, 8.98 ± 1.65 mm2; C7, 10.43 ± 1.86 mm2; and C8, 10.76 ± 2.02 mm2. Values for the brachial plexus were: upper trunk, 16.70 ± 2.88 mm2; middle trunk, 14.01 ± 2.70 mm2; and lower trunk, 13.75 ± 2.57 mm2. The side‐to‐side discrepancy was 11.91 ± 11.11%. Body mass index (BMI) and height correlated frequently with nerve CSA. Conclusions: These reference values may be helpful in investigating pathologies involving the cervical area. Muscle Nerve 46: 711–716, 2012
Prevalence of iodine deficiency disorders among school children of Delhi.

BACKGROUND Iodine deficiency disorders (IDDs) are an important cause of mental handicap and poor educability of children. Though Delhi does not lie in the classical Himalayan goitre belt, it has been shown that IDD was endemic in Delhi. Studies of school children in Delhi reported a total goitre rate of 55% which indicates severe endemicity. The sale of uniodized salt has been banned in Delhi since July 1989. This study was done five years later to assess the impact of this measure on IDD prevalence in Delhi. METHODS A cross-sectional study was done among class VI students studying in government schools of Delhi. A complete list of government middle schools in Delhi was obtained and 30 were selected on the basis of 'probability proportion to size'. A sample size of 1200 was decided based on an expected prevalence of 50% with 5% error and design effect of three. All children in class VI of each school were clinically examined by a trained doctor for the presence of goitre and casual urine samples were collected in capped plastic tubes. The urinary iodine estimation was done by the wet ashing method. RESULTS The total goitre rate was 20.5%. If the results were limited to children in the age group of 10-12 years it was 19.7%. The urinary iodine was less than the recommended 100 micrograms/L of urine in 23.6% of the children; 7.6% had no iodine in the urine. It is possible that some children could have substituted water in place of urine. The median urinary iodine level was 198 micrograms/L of urine. CONCLUSION The study showed that IDD continues to be prevalent in mild endemic proportions. Compared to the results of previous surveys, the IDD rates have declined in the last few years. However, it continues to be an important public health problem in Delhi. It is essential to monitor the iodine content of salt on a regular basis. IDD control activities should be strengthened in Delhi and repeat surveys should be done every 3-5 years to monitor the progress achieved in eliminating IDD.
A 15 $\mu{\rm W}$ 5.5 kS/s Resistive Sensor Readout Circuit with 7.6 ENOB

A low power SAR logic-based resistive sensor readout circuit is proposed. A high sensitivity thermistor is used for local temperature measurements. The need for a low-noise front-end voltage amplifier is avoided by employing time-domain operation. In each operation step the sensor resistance is compared with the value of a reference resistive DAC which is implemented on chip. Therefore no stable, temperature compensated reference voltage is needed for operation. Furthermore the chip is operational with supply voltages ranging from 1.2 to 1.8 volts. Detailed analyses of the circuit gain and noise are provided. In addition, the effect of circuit topology on the noise performance is discussed. The effect of 1/f noise on accuracy of the circuit is also negligible due to resetting the charge-integrating capacitor after each comparison. A prototype chip is fabricated in 0.18- μm CMOS. The circuit dissipates 15 μW with 5.5 kS/s conversion rate from a 1.5 V supply. The complete interface circuit has 14 pJ/c-s figure of merit and 7.6 effective number of bits.
Optical and magneto-optical properties of RFe2 (R=Gd,Tb,Ho,Lu) and GdCo2

The conductivity tensors of single crystals and polycrystals of RFe{sub 2} (R=Gd,Tb,Ho,Lu) and GdCo{sub 2} were determined in the visible and near UV ranges. The magneto-optical Kerr effect (MOKE) was studied at different temperatures and magnetic fields. The single-crystal data show more features and larger magnitudes in the MOKE spectrum than the polycrystalline data under the same experimental conditions. The theoretical optical conductivity tensors for these compounds were calculated using the tight-binding linear-muffin-tin orbital (TB-LMTO) method in the local spin-density approximation. The agreement between theory and experiment was poor except for LuFe{sub 2}, in which the 4f shell is completely closed. (c) 2000 The American Physical Society.
Distributed interference alignment and power allocation with QoS requirements

We study interference alignment (IA) with quality of service (QoS) requirements in a K-user multiple input multiple output interference channel (K-user MIMO IFC). Specifically, we establish design formulations: i) that maximize the minimum signal-to-interference-noise ratio (SINR) at receivers, and that ii) minimize the sum mean squared error (Sum-MSE). The uplink-downlink (UL-DL) SINR duality is firstly established for the K-user MIMO IFC. With this result, we develop iterative IA algorithms which design the transmit/receive filters and optimizes power allocation among users jointly. The convergence of the proposed algorithms is proved based on the established UL-DL SINR duality. Numerical results show that, compared with the classic distributed IA algorithm and Max-SINR algorithm, the proposed algorithms achieve significant gain under mild signal-to-noise ratios (SNRs), and exhibits similar performance at high SNRs.
Delivery of mental health treatment to combat veterans with psychiatric diagnoses and TBI histories

Traumatic brain injury (TBI) and mental health (MH) disorders are prevalent in combat veterans returning from Afghanistan and/or Iraq (hereafter referred to as returning veterans). Accurate estimates of service utilization for veterans with and without TBI exposure (referred to as TBI history) are imperative in order to provide high quality healthcare to returning veterans. We examined associations between TBI history and MH service utilization in a subsample of returning veterans who were newly diagnosed with posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), depression, and/or anxiety in the 2010 fiscal year (N = 55,458). Data were extracted from the Veterans Health Administration (VHA) National Patient Care Database. Veterans with MH diagnoses and TBI histories attended significantly more psychotherapy visits, (M = 8.32 visits, SD = 17.15) and were more likely to attend at least 8 psychotherapy visits, (15.7%) than veterans with MH diagnoses but no TBI history (M = 6.48 visits, SD = 12.12; 10.1% attended at least 8 sessions). PTSD and TBI history, but not depression or anxiety, were associated with a greater number of psychotherapy visits when controlling for demographic and clinical variables. PTSD, anxiety, depression, and TBI history were associated with number of psychotropic medication-management visits. TBI history was related to greater MH service utilization, independent of MH diagnoses. Future research should examine what MH services are being utilized and if these services are helping veterans recover from their disorders.
Lidar based object detection near vehicle

The paper presents a proposed sensing system for vehicles based on lidar. Three short range lidars where used to fuse the measurement data into a point set in which objects in front of the vehicle could be detected via proposed algorithm for clustering the point set. The lidars are able to measure distance up to the 40 meters, making the system suitable for the urban environments. The lidars were mounted onto the stepper motors. compactRIO (cRIO) controlled the communication with lidars and movement of the motors, also the algorithm ran on the real-time part of the cRIO. The algorithm is built on the idea of the nearest neighbour approach and shows promising results on the synthetic data.
Reconstitution of trimethylamine-dependent coenzyme M methylation with the trimethylamine corrinoid protein and the isozymes of methyltransferase II from Methanosarcina barkeri

Reconstitution of trimethylamine-dependent coenzyme M (CoM) methylation was achieved with three purified polypeptides. Two of these polypeptides copurified as a trimethylamine methyl transfer (TMA-MT) activity detected by stimulation of the TMA:CoM methyl transfer reaction in cell extracts. The purified TMA-MT fraction stimulated the rate of methyl-CoM formation sevenfold, up to 1.7 micromol/min/mg of TMA-MT protein. The TMA-MT polypeptides had molecular masses of 52 and 26 kDa. Gel permeation of the TMA-MT fraction demonstrated that the 52-kDa polypeptide eluted with an apparent molecular mass of 280 kDa. The 26-kDa protein eluted primarily as a monomer, but some 26-kDa polypeptides also eluted with the 280-kDa peak, indicating that the two proteins weakly associate. The two polypeptides could be completely separated using gel permeation in the presence of sodium dodecyl sulfate. The corrinoid remained associated with the 26-kDa polypeptide at a molar ratio of 1.1 corrin/26-kDa polypeptide. This polypeptide was therefore designated the TMA corrinoid protein, or TCP. The TMA-MT polypeptides, when supplemented with purified methylcorrinoid:CoM methyltransferase (MT2), could effect the demethylation of TMA with the subsequent methylation of CoM and the production of dimethylamine at specific activities of up to 600 nmol/min/mg of TMA-MT protein. Neither dimethylamine nor monomethylamine served as the substrate, and the activity required Ti(III) citrate and methyl viologen. TMA-MT could interact with either isozyme of MT2 but had the greatest affinity for the A isozyme. These results suggest that TCP is uniquely involved in TMA-dependent methanogenesis, that this corrinoid protein is methylated by the substrate and demethylated by either isozyme of MT2, and that the predominant isozyme of MT2 found in TMA-grown cells is the favored participant in the TMA:CoM methyl transfer reaction.
Regulation of Nutrition and Health Claims in Advertising

ABSTRACT This article reviews the intentions and assumptions underlying calls for greater regulation of nutrition and health claims in food advertising and examines the likely impact of new European regulations on health-related claims. After providing a review of the literature concerning regulatory effectiveness and on nutritional and health-related claims in advertising, we present a qualitative analysis of television advertisements aired on British television using a coding framework based on recently approved European Union regulations. There is little reason to expect health-related claims in food advertising to become clearer to consumers as a result of the regulations.
Arterial Stiffness, Central Pulsatile Hemodynamic Load, and Orthostatic Hypotension

The association between central pulsatile hemodynamic load, arterial stiffness, and orthostatic hypotension (OH) is unclear. The authors recruited 1099 participants from the community. Questionnaire, physical examination, and laboratory tests were performed. To assess the correlation between central pulsatile hemodynamic load, arterial stiffness, and OH, multiple logistic regression analysis was performed, and the discriminatory power was assessed by the area under the receiver operating curve. The prevalence of OH in this population was 5.6%. After adjusting for potential confounders, brachial‐ankle pulse wave velocity (BaPWV) was significantly and positively correlated with OH in both the hypertension and nonhypertension groups (all P<.05), while central systolic blood pressure (CSBP) was only significantly associated with OH in the hypertension subgroup. In addition, BaPWV seemed to have a better discriminatory power than CSBP in both subgroups. BaPWV appears to be a better indicator of OH than CSBP in routine clinical practice.
Toward a Model of Business Unit Performance: An Integrative Approach

A number of largely independent areas of research have attempted to ex-plain business performance, usually emphasizing different factors, using different conceptual schemes and language, and examining different organizational units. Our model of performance integrates overlapping and common explanatory variables from industrial organization economics, organization theory, and business policy: business position, industry environment, strategy, and structure. The business unit of multibusiness firms is our unit of analysis.
Special Issue on Spatio-Temporal Theories and Models for Environmental, Urban and Social Sciences: Where Do We Stand?

This article introduces three papers in a special issue that considers new directions relating to spatio-temporal theories for environmental, urban, and social questions. This work gives an overview of some recent perspectives on temporal GIS research including for example, cognition of geospatial dynamics, challenges of big data for urban and environmental sciences, representing mobility, and new ideas about time and space-time in geographic information science among others. The three papers consider topics including space-time pattern analysis and information retrieval, human mobility patterns and urban dynamics from mobile phone data, and spatio-temporal change as it is relates to administrative boundaries.
Innovation's Effect on Firm Value and Risk: Insights from Consumer Packaged Goods

What is the relationship between innovation and firm value? Does the type of innovation make a difference? To answer these questions, the authors examine how breakthrough and incremental innovations affect three different facets of firm performance: normal profits, economic rents, and total firm risk. They argue that each of these metrics is of independent interest to shareholders and managers and that examining one without the others results in an incomplete picture of the true financial value of innovation. Using data on more than 20,000 new products from consumer packaged goods industries, the authors find that breakthrough innovation is associated with increases in both normal profits and economic rents and that, on average, each breakthrough innovation in the sample is associated with an increase in firm value of $4.2 million. Breakthrough innovation is also associated with increases in the risk of the innovating firm, but this higher risk is offset by above-normal stock returns. In contrast, incremental innovation is associated with increases in normal profits only and has no impact on economic rents or firm risk.