Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Diversité et fonctions écologiques des champignons en écosystèmes hydrothermal marin profond

Les champignons sont des microorganismes essentiellement connus en ecosystemes aeriens, s'etant diversifies en milieu continental. A partir d'analyses d'horloges moleculaires, nous avons emis l'hypothese d'une diversification des champignons dans les oceans. Par ailleurs, de nombreux auteurs considerent les ecosystemes hydrothermaux marins profonds comme le Berceau de la Vie : nous avons donc choisi d'etudier ces milieux, tres peu exploites en terme de diversite fongique, dans l'espoir de retrouver des champignons ayant conserve des caracteres ancestraux de ce Regne. Des analyses de diversite (etablies apres la creation d'une base de donnees moleculaires dediee), par PCR independantes de la culture (amplification du gene codant l'ARNr18S), ont revele des organismes se branchant a la base de la phylogenie des champignons (phylum Chytridiomycota), en accord avec notre hypothese de travail, couplee a une forte diversite specifique fongique (phyla Chytridiomycota, Basidiomycota, et Ascomycota). Des souches isolees de ces ecosystemes en laboratoire ont egalement permis de detecter de nombreuses nouvelles especes de champignons (phylum Ascomycota). Ces 2 approches combinees nous ont ainsi permis de reveler une diversite insoupconnee dans ces milieux. Des hypotheses evolutives sur la diversification des champignons en milieu marin ont ainsi pu etre proposees. Le second objectif de notre travail etait de connaitre les roles de ces organismes au sein de ces ecosystemes. Pour cela, nous avons choisi une approche metagenomique originale : l'echantillon choisi sur la base de la frequence du gene codant l'ARNr18S et des etudes de diversite, a ete pyrosequence (GS FLX ; 454 Life Sciences, ROCHE). L'echantillon teste contenait un seul phylotype fongique, constituant une branche profonde des champignons (phylum Chytridiomycota). Six ng d'ADN extraits ont ete pyrosequences en 3 runs independants : 168.909 contigs (longueur moyenne : 352 pb) ont ete assembles a partir de 1.441. 839 sequences individuelles. Deux approches ont alors ete choisies. La premiere consistait a analyser les contigs generes, afin d'extraire les fragments de genes fongiques et de reconstruire leur metabolisme hypothetique. Des hypotheses de fonctionnement metabolique des champignons dans ces milieux, etablies sur la base de recherche d'homologies dans les bases de donnees (BLASTX, ORF finder, KOG,.) ont pu etre etablies. La seconde approche, basee cette fois sur l'etude des sequences non assemblees, consistait a reconstruire les voies metaboliques du metagenome (BLASTX, mgRAST, ASGARD), et reconstituer la composition taxonomique de notre echantillon (MEGAN). Les resultats de l'analyse metagenomique presentes dans cette these, nous ont permis d'emettre des hypotheses sur les modes de vie des champignons en ecosysteme hydrothermal et nous ont egalement permis de reconstruire avec succes les metabolismes bacteriens dominants dans l'ecosysteme. Les limites de cette analyse, ainsi que les nombreuses perspectives qu'offrent ce travail sont egalement developpees.
Introduction and Expression of Recombinant β‐Galactosidase Genes in Cleavage Stage Mouse Embryos

In an attempt to study gene regulation in very early stages of mouse embryogenesis, we injected genes constructed by joining the coding sequence of the bacterial β‐galactosidase gene to four different animal gene enhancers/promoters and to poly (A) signals, and examined the gene expression in cleavage stage embryos.
Study on the Effect and Characters of Yellow Sticky Trap Sticking Aleurocanthus spiniferus and Empoasca vitis Gothe in Tea Garden

The significant effects using yellow sticky trap for trapping Aleurocanthus spiniferus and Empoasca vitis(Gothe) were observed.The results showed that the declining rate of vermin population reached 71.92 % and 53.73 %,respectively.And the vermin stuck on surface of the yellow sticky trap had the regular distribution characteristics,namely the trapped vermins closer to the tree crown were more,and the trapped vermins in the edge were more than that in the middle.It was suggested that the yellow sticky trap should used as closer as possible to the tree crown,and in accordance with the width of tree crown of the tea plant,as height 20-25 cm,width 35-45 cm for sticking Aleurocanthus spiniferus and Empoasca vitis(Gothe) in the tea garden,which could enhance the effectiveness of trapping,and reduce the costs of prevention and treatment.
The cold hardiness in the different geographic populations of Asian corn borer, Ostrinia furnacalis (Guenée).

The supercooling point (SCP),freezing points (FP) and low temperature survival were tested on diapaused and non-diapaused larvae of 12 geographic populations of Asian corn borer (ACB),Ostrin- ia furnacalis (Guenee),from China.The lowest temperature of SCP apparatus was improved from -24℃ to -35℃. The results indicated that the SCPs and FPs of ACB geographic populations decreased from- 21.84℃ to -24.33℃ and -3.95℃ to -8.10℃,respectively,with the increasing of the geographic latitude.The longest median lethal times (LT_(50)) were found in Xinjiang and Heilongjiang populations and the shortest LT_(50) were found in Guangdong populations at the tested temperatures of -25℃,- 20℃,-15℃,-10℃ and 0℃,separately.There were significant differences in SCPs,FPs and LT_(50) between diapaused and non-diapaused larvae in the same geographic population.It is suggested that the ACB populations from northern region have stronger cold tolerance ability than those from southern re- gion,and the diapaused larvae could survive at lower temperature than non-diapaused larvae.
Effect of glucose syrup addition on physical and chemical properties and acceptability of gabiroba marmalade.

THALITA LIN NETTO CÂNDIDO1; JULLYANA BORGES DE FREITAS2; MARA REIS SILVA3 1Prefeitura Municipal de São Geraldo do AraguaiaPará. 2Faculdade de Agronomia e Engenharia de Alimentos, Universidade Federal de Goiás. 3Universidade Federal de Goiás, Faculdade de Nutrição, Laboratório de Nutrição e Análise de Alimentos Endereço para correspondência: Mara Reis Silva Universidade Federal de Goiás, Faculdade de Nutrição, Campus Universitário I Rua 227 Qd. 68 s/no Setor Leste Universitário, CEP 74-60508, Goiânia-GO E-mail: marareis@fanut.ufg. br CÂNDIDO, T. L. N. ; FREITAS, J. B. ; SILVA, M. R. Effect of glucose syrup
Compact phase shifting cell based on micro-strip slow wave lines Kapton flexible technology for V-band applications

This paper addresses the design, the simulations and the measurements results of an original and compact MMIC phase shifter using micro-strip slow wave lines implemented in a 0. 25μm SiGe BiCMOS process for Ku-band applications. The simulations and the experimental results demonstrate interesting performances compared to classical phase shifter topologies.
Low-Dose Radiation Effects on Variation in Gene Expression, With Potential Application to Network Construction

The molecular responses to radiation exposure have been an avidly pursued research topic for many years now. Most of this effort has been focused on large doses of radiation, such as those experienced during a nuclear explosion or cancer treatment. Of equal importance though, are the effects of low doses of radiation, which have received much less attention. This study attempts to analyze the effects of low-dose radiation exposure on different inbred mice strains, each of which represents a unique genetic constitution. The genetic background was found to have a dramatic effect on the variability of gene expression of the irradiated mice, with anywhere from 950 to 6900 genes significantly variable. This effect was found to be more extreme in some strains compared to others, as well as being much more prominent in skin tissue than spleen tissue. Additionally, 200 to 3500 of the genes found to have variable expression were only variable in one of the inbred strains, which again show that the genetic background has an impact on different responses to radiation exposure. It was also found that performing microarray hybridizations using RNA that comes from multiple animals dramatically increases the variability of gene expression, when compared to RNA that comes from a single animal. Pathway analysis and network construction methods have become a popular topic of interest in the bioinformatics community, which has been a result of the large volumes of data being produced through high-throughput genomics experiments. One popular method for building such pathways are through the use of Bayesian Networks. Many questions remain unresolved in their application though, such as how many experiments are required before an accurate model can be produced, and how accurate is that model. Based upon the simulations run, a minimum of 300 data points is required to obtain a graph that resembles the true structure, while more than 300 data points continues to improve the accuracy. The same number of data points also consistently produced the highest scoring graph, and allowed for the identification of modules within the graphs. The accuracy of this decreased though as the size of the graphs increased. Therefore, in consideration of applying such a method to the biological domain, a minimum of 300 experiments should be included before attempting to build a small network.
Chemogenomics in Drug Discovery: A Medicinal Chemistry Perspective

Preface. A Personal Foreword. List of Contributors. Introduction (G. Muller & H. Kubinyi). I: GENERAL ASPECTS. 1. Target Family-directed Masterkeys in Chemogenomics (G. Muller). 2. Drug Discovery from Side Effects (H. Kubinyi). 3. The Value of Chemical Genetics in Drug Discovery (K. Russell & W. Michne). 4. Structural Aspects of Binding Site Similarity: A 3D Upgrade for Chemogenomics (A. Bergner & J. Gunther). II: TARGET FAMILIES. 5. The Contribution of Molecular Informatics to Chemogenomics: Knowledge-based Discovery of Biological Targets and Chemical Lead Compounds (E. Jacoby, et al.). 6. Chemical Kinomics (B. Klebl, et al.). 7. Structural Aspects of Kinases and Their Inhibitors (R. Buijsman). 8. A Chemical Genomics Approach for Ion Channel Modulators (K. Baringhaus & G. Hessler). 9. Phosphodiesterase Inhibitors: A Chemogenomic View (M. Hendrix & C. Kallus). 10. Proteochemometrics: A Tool for Modeling the Molecular Interaction Space (J. Wikberg, et al.). III: CHEMICAL LIBRARIES. 11. Some Principles Related to Chemogenomics in Compound Library and Template Design for GPCRs (T. Webb). 12. Computational Filters in Lead Generation: Targeting Drug-like Chemotypes (W. Guba & O. Roche). 13. Navigation in Chemical Space: Ligand-based Design of Focused Compound Libraries (G. Schneider & P. Schneider). 14. Natural Product-derived Combinatorial Libraries and Protein Structure Similarity as Guiding Principles for the Discovery of Drug Candidates (M. Koch & H. Waldmann). 15. Combinatorial Chemistry in the Age of Chemical Genomics (R. Joseph & P. Arya). Index.
Adsorption and mobility of pesticides in soil

Abstract Not Available – First paragraph follows: The distribution of organic chemicals in the soil profile after irrigation or rainfall is important because: (1) the effectiveness of a given pesticide applied to the soil is dependent in part upon its position in the soil profile; and (2) persistent organic chemicals can build up in the surface soil if they are strongly adsorbed, or can be leached into the groundwater if they are very mobile.
The Coevolutionary Process

In this text, Thompson advances a new conceptual approach to the evolution of species interactions - the geographic mosaic theory of coevolution. Thompson demonstrates how an integrated study of life histories, genetics and the geographic structure of populations yields a broader understanding of coevolution, or the development of reciprocal adaptations and specializations in interdependent species. Using examples of species interaction from a range of taxa, Thompson examines how and when extreme specialization evolves in interdependent species and how geographic differences in specialization, adaptation and the outcomes of interactions shape coevolution. Through the geographic mosaic theory, Thompson creates connections between the study of specialization and coevolution in local communities and the study of broader patterns seen in comparisons of the phylogenies of interacting species.
Novel insights into the DNA interstrand cross-link repair in Schizosaccharomyces pombe: characterisation of Fan1 through standard and high-throughput genetic analysis

FAN1/MTMR15 (Fanconi anemia-associated nuclease 1 / Myotubularin-related protein 15) is a protein originally identified from a set of size-fractionated human brain cDNA libraries coding for large proteins in vitro (Nagase et al., 1999). FAN1 is widely conserved across eukaryotes, with the notable exception of S. cerevisiae (Smogorzewska et al., 2010; MacKay et al., 2010; Kratz et al., 2010; Liu et al., 2010; Shereda et al., 2010). Recent work has shown that FAN1 is a novel component of the Fanconi Anemia repair DNA pathway in higher eukaryotes (Smogorzewska et al., 2010; MacKay et al., 2010; Kratz et al., 2010; Yoshikiyo et al., 2010; Liu et al., 2010; Shereda et al., 2010). My work presents a biochemical and genetic characterisation of the FAN1 Schizosaccharomyces pombe ortholog Fan1. I show that, in contrast with the situation in higher eukaryotes, Fan1 in S. pombe does not strongly interact with components of the mismatch repair pathway. The disruption of fan1 causes a mild sensitivity to interstrand cross-linking agents, dramatically augmented by the concomitant deletion of the nuclease Pso2, suggesting a role for Fan1 in the resolution of DNA interstrand cross-links. Further genetic interactions are explored by use of an automated high-throughput screen, where a non-epistatic relationship is found with Pli1, a component of the SUMOylation pathway. Finally, I show that three conserved residues in the VRR_nuc nuclease domain are required for Fan1 activity in DNA repair. Taken together, the data presented points at a role for S. pombe Fan1 in the resolution of adducts created by DNA interstrand cross-linking agents.
Evaluación del planificador automatizado OPTIC al generar rutas de aprendizaje mediante el uso de cotas superiores y extensión del modelo matemático

Objetivos y metodo de estudio: En este trabajo se presentara un algoritmo constructivo para el problema de planificacion educativa (PPE) con el fin de demostrar que al proporcionar soluciones iniciales de buena calidad a un planificador automatizado, en este caso al planificador OPTIC, se puede puede alcanzar esa misma solucion o una mejor en menos tiempo. Tambien se agregaron nuevas restricciones al modelo matematico del problema de planificacion educativa (PPE) las cuales consideran caracteristicas subjetivas como el estres, la capacidad intelectual y la calidad del material, esto con el fin de que el problema sea mas apegado a la realidad. Tambien se generaron restricciones que le permiten al modelo generar una secuencia en las actividades. Contribuciones y conclusiones: Desarrollo de un constructivo greedy el cual genera soluciones de forma aleatoria para el PPE, el funcionamiento es similar al algoritmo Monte Carlo. Se evaluo el desempeno del planificador OPTIC utilizando soluciones iniciales como cota para la busqueda de una solucion al PPE. Se agregaron nuevas restricciones al modelo matematico para que considere caracteristicas como estres, capacidad intelectual y calidad del material, apegando el problema al mundo real. Al incluir este tipo de caracteristicas en el PPE nos permite personalizar la ruta de aprendizaje de un usuario en particular, que es una de las principales areas de investigacion en el campo de educacion asistida. Una vez construido el modelo matematico tambien nos permitiria incluir las nuevas restricciones en PDDL para ser resuelto con los planificadores.
Comparative morphology of the mammalian ovary

We may not be able to make you love reading, but comparative morphology of the mammalian ovary will lead you to love reading starting from now. Book is the window to open the new world. The world that you want is in the better stage and level. World will always guide you to even the prestige stage of the life. You know, this is some of how reading will give you the kindness. In this case, more books you read more knowledge you know, but it can mean also the bore is full.
Energetic costs of the immune response and torpor use in a primate

Summary 1. Resource-limiting conditions impose a change in the energetic distribution between competing physiological processes. Over the past decade there has been increasing interest in trade-offs between the immune system and competing energy-consuming life-history traits. However, the trade-offs with energy saving mechanisms, such as heterothermy, have received limited attention. 2. The goal of this study is to determine how daily heterothermy expression could be adjusted to counterbalance the energetic requirements for the activation of the immune system depending on food availability (ad libitum vs. 40% calorie restriction) in a heterothermic primate, the Grey Mouse Lemur (Microcebus murinus). 3. On the day of the immune challenge, torpor was removed through the onset of fever, inducing a thermogenic cost. On the days following, food-restricted individuals returned to deep torpor (i.e. energy saving) whereas those fed ad libitum continued to skip torpor for at least three additional days. 4. The rapid return to an energy saving state in food restricted individuals raises new questions on the relationship between body temperature and immunocompetence. We suggest that (i) hyperthermia provides the first line of defence against pathogens, which is a trait common to all organisms, (ii) but that hypothermia may also protect the host by inhibiting pathogen proliferation.
Work Design and Competencies in Relation to Work Performance: A Proposed Framework

Work performances are an essential key indicator for various organizations, especially in the library. Work performance guide libraries to develop business strategy, and achieved mission and vision of the libraries. Unfortunately, a study in work design concepts in librarianship literature is very limited. In contrast to others, profession work designs are always a key indicator to measure work performance. Therefore this fissure opens a new perspective on work performance study in library fields. Accordingly, this study proposed a new dimension in measuring work performance. Hence, the objective of this study is 1) to identify the conceptual frameworks of work performance and work design, 2) integrating these to propose a heuristic conceptual framework. A systematic review was conducted in social science, psychology, library and management databases. The generic framework was identified and the dominant dimension was listed in the systematic table. The underpinning generic framework, model, and theories were identified. The frequently used to describe work design, competencies and work performance were integrate. Based on the systematic review of the previous study, a heuristic conceptual framework of work performance, competencies, and work design were proposed. The proposed framework can serve as a fundamental conceptual framework for future study on work performance in library fields.
Fungal and protozoan parasites and their importance in the ecology of the phytoplankton

The presence of fungi on the phytoplankton of Lake Windermere was first noted by the author in 1943. Surveys into the fungal and protozoan parasites of the planktonic algae of the English Lake District and elsewhere were carried out. This article discusses the descriptive studies, epidemics and culture work, which was carried out in connection with these studies.
Aprovechamiento de alimento vivo Culex quinquefasciatus en ladieta del pez cebra Brachidanio rerio (Pisces: Cyprinidae) conénfasis en la reproducción

En el presente estudio se evaluo a C. quinquefasciatus como alimento vivo para B. rerio y su efecto en la reproduccion. Los resultados indican superioridad de C. quinquefasciatus respecto al alimento comercial con las siguientes diferencias; la frecuencia de desove 57,54% (P 0,05). Por lo anterior, se concluye que C. quinquefasciatus es un alimento vivo apropiado para B. rerio con gran efecto en la reproduccion de la especie.
Combined Effects of Perfluorooctane sulfonic acid (PFOS) and Carbon dioxide (CO2) on oxidative stress responses in the gill of Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua)

Increasing levels of anthropogenic CO2 in atmosphere and aquatic environment have been regarded as significant force behind global climate changes. The aquatic environment is also a heavy recipient for pollutants embedded in among others municipal and industrial wastewater. Despite this, very little effort has currently been put in investigating the potential toxic effects of aquatic pollutants on aquatic organisms (fish) in a continuously changing aquatic environment driven by global climate change. In the present study, juvenile Atlantic cod (gadus morhua) were exposed to Perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS; 0, 100 and 200 μg/L) for 1hour per day in a total of 5 days, and thereafter transferred to water tanks containing; 0%, 0.3% and 0.9% CO2 for 3, 6 and 9 days. Oxidative stress responses in gills upon exposure to PFOS and elevated CO2 levels, singly or in combination were evaluated. Real-time RT PCR was in gene expression analysis of; peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor β (ppar-β), Acyl-CoA oxidase (acox) and selected antioxidant genes. Enzyme activity levels of selected antioxidant enzymes and the total content of reduced glutathione and malondialdehyde were measured spectrophotometrically. Generally, single exposure to PFOS or elevated CO2 levels had a weak effect on the transcription of peroxisomal β-oxidation related genes (ppar-β and acox). However, an increase in mRNA levels of these genes was observed upon combined exposure to both stressors (though not significantly). An apparently CO2 dependent increase in mRNA levels for gpx1 and gpx3 at day 6, and SOD activity at day 9 was observed in fish exposed to a combination of high PFOS (200 μg/L) and CO2-this indicated presence of high cytosolic ROS levels. An apparent time-dependent decrease in activity of all antioxidant enzymes was generally observed in most of the exposure groups at day 9. Overall, the alterations in gene expression and/or enzyme activities of both peroxisomal β-oxidation related genes and antioxidant defenses suggest that both PFOS and elevated CO2 might induce oxidative stress, however, combined exposure to these stressors apparently enhances this effect. The apparent interactive effect between PFOS and elevated CO2 observed in this study suggests that the toxicity of aquatic pollutants could be modified under environmental hypercapnia-and this could adversely affect aquatic organisms in numerous ways.
Nefritis tubulointersticial aguda. Revisión bibliográfica

La nefritis tubulointersticial aguda hace referencia a un tipo de dano renal que afecta principalmente el intersticio y ocasiona la lesion renal aguda, potencialmente reversible. Su curso puede ser subclinico, con deterioro progresivo hasta evolucionar hacia la insuficiencia renal cronica. La nefritis tubulointersticial aguda tiene multiples etiologias, las mas frecuente son los medicamentos, productos herbales, las infecciones y las enfermedades autoinmunes. Las principales manifestaciones clinicas son la poliuria, polaquiuria, nocturia, dolor lumbar, microhematuria y leucocituria, aunque puede ser totalmente asintomatica. El tratamiento depende de la causa de base y los esteroides juegan un papel importante cuando la condicion es de origen medicamentoso o autoinmune. El pronostico generalmente es bueno, si el problema se identifica de forma oportuna y se trata adecuadamente.