Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
3D Seismic Velocity Models for Alaska from Joint Tomographic Inversion of Body-Wave and Surface-Wave Data

We present two new seismic velocity models for Alaska from joint inversions of body-wave and ambient-noise-derived surface-wave data, using two different methods. Our work takes advantage of data from many recent temporary seismic networks, including the Incorporated Research Institutions for Seismology Alaska Transportable Array, Southern Alaska Lithosphere and Mantle Observation Network, and onshore stations of the Alaska Amphibious Community Seismic Experiment. The first model primarily covers south-central Alaska and uses body-wave arrival times with Rayleigh-wave group-velocity maps accounting for their period-dependent lateral sensitivity. The second model results from direct inversion of body-wave arrival times and surface-wave phase travel times, and covers the entire state of Alaska. The two models provide 3D compressional- (VP) and shear-wave velocity (VS) information at depths ∼0–100 km. There are many similarities as well as differences between the two models. The first model provides a clear image of the high-velocity subducting plate and the low-velocity mantle wedge, in terms of the seismic velocities and the VP/VS ratio. The statewide model provides clearer images of many features such as sedimentary basins, a high-velocity anomaly in the mantle wedge under the Denali volcanic gap, low VP in the lower crust under Brooks Range, and low velocities at the eastern edge of Yakutat terrane under the Wrangell volcanic field. From simultaneously relocated earthquakes, we also find that the depth to the subducting Pacific plate beneath southern Alaska appears to be deeper than previous models.
Effects of natural and artificial light on the nocturnal behaviour of the wall gecko

espanolEn este trabajo evaluamos los efectos del grado de iluminacion nocturna (fase lunar e iluminacion artificial) en la actividad de ejemplares de salamanquesa comun (Tarentola mauritanica) de diferentes edades en un ambiente humanizado. Los datos de comportamiento individual se recogieron mediante observacion directa y posteriormente se examinaron mediante un analisis lineal generalizado mixto (GLMM, por su sigla en ingles). La presencia de luna aumento el numero de salamanquesas activas. La iluminacion artificial redujo el efecto de la luna en el numero de salamanquesas activas, pero no en su actividad individual. Ademas, se observaron mas salamanquesas adultas alrededor de fuentes de luz artificial debido a que los individuos de mayor tamano monopolizaban los mejores lugares de alimentacion. La capacidad de utilizar habitats humanizados iluminados artificialmente, especialmente durante las noches de luna nueva, puede beneficiar la actividad de alimentacion en especies de reptiles nocturnos como las salamanquesas. EnglishIn the present study, we evaluated the effects of nocturnal light level (i.e. lunar phase and artificial lighting) on the activity of wall geckos (Tarentola mauritanica) of different ages in an anthropic environment. Data on individual behaviour were collected by direct observation and later examined by means of generalized linear mixed model (GLMM) analysis. The presence of moonlight increased the number of active wall geckos. Artificial lighting reduced the effect of moonlight on the number of active geckos but not on their individual activity. A greater number of adult geckos was found around artificial light as large individuals monopolized the best foraging sites. The ability to use artificially–lit human habitats, particularly on new moon nights, can benefit the foraging activity of nocturnal lizard species such as the wall gecko.
Operational Amplifier Sharing Based High-Pass Sigma-Delta Modulator with Programmable Feedforward Coefficients for ECG Signal Acquisition

A high-pass sigma–delta modulator (HPSDM) that uses operational amplifier (op-amp) sharing and programmable feed-forward coefficients is presented for an electrocardiography (ECG) signal detection system. Op-amp sharing is used to reduce the quantity of amplifiers because they dominate the entire power consumption of the HPSDM. Moreover, the amplitude of the ECG varies from person to person; hence, programmable feed-forward coefficients are used to adjust the dynamic range of HPSDM to obtain high resolution across users. This technique is implemented using the 0.18 μm standard CMOS process. Measurement results reveal that the proposed HPSDM has a signal-to-noise and distortion (SNDR) of 54.5 dB and a power of 2.25 μW under a 1.2 V supply voltage to achieve the figure of merit of 12.96 pJ/conv. In terms of other settings, the proposed HPSDM has an SNDR of 64.8 dB and a power of 5.2 μW under a 1.8 V supply voltage to achieve the figure of merit of 9.15 pJ/conv. Both modes extend the dynamic range of 12 dB according to the programmable feed-forward coefficients.
Cotton Planting Date and Plant Population Effects on Yield and Fiber Quality in the Mississippi Delta

Cotton producers in the Mississippi Delta plant in the early spring, but wet, cold weather often develops that may reduce plant population directly or indirectly. Producers must occasionally decide if replanting is necessary. The objective of these studies was to determine the effects of planting dates and plant populations on cotton yield, lint quality, and crop maturity in the Mississippi Delta. Three separate field experiments were conducted during 2001-2005. For the planting date by plant population experiment, seed cotton yields for the late April plantings were significantly greater than for other planting dates, and seed cotton yields for 33 976, 67 952, and 135 904 plants ha-1 were significantly greater than for 16 988 plants ha-1. Yield for late April planted cotton at 16 988 plants ha-1 was significantly greater than or equal to yields for mid-May planted cotton at all plant populations. For the planting date experiment, lint yields and percentage lint were significantly greater for early than late plantings three of five years, and micronaire was significantly greater for early than late plantings each year. For the plant population experiment, lint yields were significantly greater for 33 976 to 135 904 plants ha-1 than 23 782 plants ha-1 in two of four years. There were no plant population effects on lint quality. In all experiments, crop maturity was delayed for late planting dates and low plant populations. Producers in the Mississippi Delta should not replant cotton after mid-May, if the plant population from a late April planting is 16 988 or more plants ha-1.
A Simple Method to Validate Power Loss in Medium Voltage SiC MOSFETs and Schottky Diodes Operating in a Three-Phase Inverter

This paper presents an original method of power loss validation in medium-voltage SiC MOSFET (metal–oxide–semiconductor field-effect transistor) modules of a three-phase inverter. The base of this method is a correct description of the on-state performance of the diodes and the transistors in a PWM (pulse width modulation)-controlled inverter phase leg. Combined electro-thermal calculations are applied to precisely estimate the losses in the power devices and then, to find the suitable circuit parameters of a test circuit to emulate these conditions. A simple square-wave-controlled half-bridge with an inductive load enables the electrical and thermal stresses comparable to these in the inverter, and moreover, provided equations that confirmed the possibility of balancing the load between the diodes and the transistors. The circuit with 3.3 kV SiC MOSFETs was tested to verify the impact of selected parameters on power losses with the main focus on duty ratio. The same module was applied, in addition to an inductive load (3 × 112 μH) and two sets of DC-link capacitors (750 μF), to validate a phase leg of a 220 kVA inverter. In spite of a significantly apparent power, the active power delivered from the DC supply settled around 1 kW, which was enough to emulate 390 W of losses in two transistors and diodes.
Towards Optimal Green Plant Irrigation: Watering and Body Electrical Impedance

With the growth of world population and food demand, it is crucial to optimize water consumption for agriculture cultivation. Here we propose a method to monitor plant status, relating the measured parameters to the watering or drying situation of a single plant. Plant trunk electrical impedance measurements and environmental parameters were analyzed with a statistical approach. Correlation and causality among the data are showed and analyzed. In this way, it was possible to easily obtain the needed information about plant status.
News Media Credibility Ratings and Perceptions of Online Fake News Exposure in Five Countries

ABSTRACT This study examined media credibility ratings as predictors of perceptions of online fake political news exposure (FNE) among internet users in five Arab countries: Lebanon, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, Tunisia, and UAE (N = 4,616). Regression models of media credibility and media use variables explained sizeable amounts of variance in FNE in three countries (14% to 26%). The hypothesis that respondents’ credibility ratings of news media would negatively predict FNE, however, was only partially supported—a relationship observed in two of the five countries. The strongest positive correlate of FNE was the belief that fake news online should be blocked. Implications for research on public perceptions of fake news and for research on media credibility are discussed.
On moving hypersurfaces and the discontinuous ODE-system associated with two-phase flows

We consider the initial value problem ẋ(t)=v(t,x(t))for t∈(a,b),x(t0)=x0 which determines the pathlines of a two-phase flow, i.e. v = v(t, x) is a given velocity field of the type v(t,x)=v+(t,x)ifx∈Ω+(t)v−(t,x)ifx∈Ω−(t) with Ω±(t) denoting the bulk phases of the two-phase fluid system under consideration. The bulk phases are separated by a moving and deforming interface Σ(t) at which v can have jump discontinuities. Since flows with phase change are included, the pathlines are allowed to cross or touch the interface. Imposing a kind of transversality condition at Σ(t), which is intimately related to the mass balance in such systems, we show existence and uniqueness of absolutely continuous solutions of the above ODE in case the one-sided velocity fields v± are continuous in (t, x) and locally Lipschitz continuous in x on their respective domain of definition. A main step in proving this result, also interesting in itself, is to freeze the interface movement by means of a particular coordinate transform which requires a tailor-made extension of the intrinsic velocity field underlying a C1,2-family of moving hypersurfaces.
Przeciwciała monoklonalne w regulacji transdukcji sygnału receptora naskórkowego czynnika wzrostu (EGFR) w komórkach nowotworowych

Receptor naskórkowego czynnika wzrostu EGFR (Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor), ze względu na jego ważny udział w patogenezie nowotworów złośliwych, jest obiektem intensywnych badań naukowych ostatnich lat. W wielu typach nowotworów wewnątrzkomórkowe szlaki sygnalizacyjne pobudzane przez EGFR mają wręcz kluczowe znaczenie w ich rozwoju. Z drugiej strony wykazano, iż EGFR może stanowić bardzo obiecujący punkt uchwytu dla czynników terapeutycznych. Podjęto próby modyfikacji transdukcji sygnału przekazywanego przez aktywny EGFR wewnątrz komórek poprzez blokowanie aktywności elementów tego szlaku bądź samego receptora. Wykazano też, że blokowanie receptora EGFR przez przeciwciała monoklonalne podwyższa efektywność stosowanych w terapii konwencjonalnych czynników przeciwnowotworowych, np. cisplatyny. Dodatkowo opracowano wiele terapii przeciwnowotworowych opierając się na zastosowaniu inhibitorów wybranych, kluczowych składowych szlaku sygnalizacyjnego EGFR, z których wiele bazuje na zastosowaniu przeciwciał monoklonalnych.
Risk and the Dialectic of State Informality: Property Rights in Flood Prone Jakarta

This article examines the implications of perceptions of an emergent crisis of flood risk for property rights in Jakarta. Jakarta faces devastating future floods due to climate change and other anthropogenic impacts, and the city has experienced severe flood events in recent years. State actors have responded with an aggressive infrastructural agenda that has led to evictions of numerous low-income communities. This has spurred a series of court cases, in which plaintiffs have argued that the evictions violated Indonesian law and specifically violated legal protections of autochthonous land claims. Based on an analysis of court and policy documents and interviews with key actors, this article finds that Jakarta’s crisis of flood risk has intensified what we refer to as the dialectic of state informality and has brought this dynamic to the center of urban politics. This dialectic is defined by contestation between two deeply antagonistic frameworks of planning action. On one hand, state actors and institutions assert their right to unilaterally define what is legitimate and just, and indeed to violate their own laws and regulations where they see fit, as necessary to address societal risk. On the other, communities and advocates argue that this assertion of state power has led to the systematic delegitimation and stigmatization of communities that do not accord with state developmental visions. This critique paradoxically positions informalized communities as proponents of the reassertion of the rule of law in the practice of urban planning.
Improving Spatial Patterns Prior to Land Surface Data Assimilation via Model Calibration Using SMAP Surface Soil Moisture Data

Prior to their application in a land surface data assimilation (DA) system, remotely sensed (RS) soil moisture (SM) products are typically rescaled to remove systematic differences with respect to comparable SM estimates obtained from a land surface model (LSM). This preprocessing of RS SM data—commonly referred to as bias correction—implicitly discards spatial information present in the RS SM retrievals. Here, based on dense SM network measurements obtained within the Huai River Basin of China, we demonstrate that L‐band Soil Moisture Active Passive (SMAP) L3 surface SM retrievals provide a better representation of spatial variability in time‐averaged SM fields than a LSM—suggesting that, as typically applied, bias correction is neglecting important spatial information present in RS SM products. To maximally use RS information, we propose an alternative bias correction approach for SM DA that provides the benefits of traditional rescaling while also improving modeled SM spatial patterns. Specifically, the regional mean of SMAP SM is first corrected using modeled SM of the Variable Infiltration Capacity (VIC) model. Then, two key VIC soil parameters (EXPT and BULKD) are calibrated to match the relative subregional spatial variability captured by the SMAP SM product. Results show that our model calibration method successfully improves VIC SM spatial patterns and pixel‐wise time series. Furthermore, these SM improvements translate into enhanced VIC streamflow estimates. Overall, results suggest that the proposed bias correction framework can improve current land surface DA systems by maximally utilizing spatial information contained in RS SM products.
Financial Amplification of Labor Supply Shocks

We study how financial frictions amplify labor supply shocks in a macroeconomic model with occasionally binding financing constraints. Workers supply labor to entrepreneurs who borrow to purchase factors of production. Borrowing capacity is restricted by the value of capital, generating a pecuniary externality when financing constraints bind. Additionally, there is a distributive externality operating through wages. The planner’s allocation can be decentralized with two instruments: a credit tax/subsidy and a labor tax/subsidy. Labor shocks, such as the COVID-19 shock, amplify the policy responses, which critically depend on whether financing constraints bind or not.
Bitter melon (Momordica charantia): a natural healthy vegetable

ABSTRACT Bitter melon provides health benefits against various ailments for improving the quality of life. It is nutrient dense plant-based food containing versatility of bioactive compounds such as alkaloids, polypeptide, vitamins, and minerals. Owing to presence of bioactive compounds, it has the ability to fight against various lifestyle related disorders, e.g. cancer insurgence, diabetes mellitus, abdominal pain, kidney (stone), fever, and scabies. Amongst bioactive moieties, p-insulin is similar to insulin whose subcutaneous injection significantly lower blood glucose levels in diabetic patients. It also contains steroidal saponins called charantin, act alike peptides and certain alkaloids that effectively control sugar level in blood. The therapeutic perspectives have been also highlighted as they are helpful in regulating blood cholesterol thus protecting the body from cardiovascular disorders like atherosclerosis. Whole fruit, seeds and leaves of bitter melon regulates impaired antioxidant status and suppress fat accumulation. Moreover, curative potential of its bioactive components and their utilization in value added food products are also the limelight of article.
The ecological impact of different mechanisms of chronic sub-lethal toxicity on feeding and respiratory physiology

Sub-lethal toxicity tests, such as the scope-for-growth test, reveal simple relationships between measures of contaminant concentration and effect on respiratory and feeding physiology. Simple models are presented to investigate the potential impact of different mechanisms of chronic sub-lethal toxicity on these physiological processes. Since environmental quality is variable, even in unimpacted environments, toxicants may have differentially greater impacts in poor compared to higher quality environments. The models illustrate the implications of different degrees and mechanisms of toxicity in response to variability in the quality of the feeding environment, and variability in standard metabolic rate. The models suggest that the relationships between measured degrees of toxic stress, and the maintenance ration required to maintain zero scope-for-growth, may be highly nonlinear. In addition it may be possible to define critical levels of sub-lethal toxic effect above which no environment is of sufficient quality to permit prolonged survival.
Effect of 1,4-dioxane on rabbit (Oryctolagus cuniculus ) reproductive hormonal level and histopathology of testes and ovaries

In this study, 1,4-dioxane carcinogenicity and chronic toxicity on reproductive hormones was studied along with the histology(Sections) of testis and ovaries of rabbits (Oryctolagus cuniculus ). 1,4-dioxane 1000, 1500 and 2000 mg per kilogram of body weight concentrations were given continuously to rabbits for period of 45 days. Increase in dose concentration lead to significant decrease in testosterone levels in males, and progesterone and estrogen levels in females. Histological alterations in testes and ovaries of rabbits were studied on 15, 30 and 45 days of treatment. No significant gonadal or hormonal change was observed on 15 day. However, tissue damage, rupturing and necrosis in gonads and significant decrease in hormone level were observed after 30 day (p<0.05). Damage as necrosis, cellular coagulation, tumors and hemorrhage was the most severe on 45 day of study and Significant results were observed (p<0.05). This study concludes that 1,4-dioxane used in research work is histologically damaging to rabbit testes and ovaries and leads to reproductive complications. Therefore its use in various products should be discourage at commercial level.
Genetic Predictors of Long-term Response to Antitumor Necrosis Factor Agents in Pediatric Inflammatory Bowel Disease

Supplemental Digital Content is available in the text ABSTRACT Objectives: Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is more complex in children and they will have to live with the disease for much longer. For this reason, it is necessary to optimize treatment. The polymorphisms associated with the response to anti-tumor necrosis factor (TNF) drugs in adults with IBD have not been analyzed in children. The aim of the study was to identify genetic variants associated with the long-term response to anti-TNF drugs in children with IBD. Methods: An observational, longitudinal, ambispective cohort's study was conducted. We recruited 209 anti-TNF-treated children diagnosed with IBD and genotyped 21 polymorphisms previously studied in adults with Crohn disease (CD) using real-time PCR. The association between single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and time-to-failure was analyzed using the log-rank test. Results: After multivariate analysis, 3 SNPs in IL10, IL17A and IL6 were significantly associated with response to anti-TNF treatment among patients diagnosed with CD (rs1800872-HR, 4.749 (95% confidence interval [CI] 1.156–19.517), P value < 0.05; rs2275913-HR, 0.320 [95% CI 0.111–0.920], P value < 0.05; and rs10499563-HR, 0.210 [95% CI 0.047–0.947], P value 0.05, respectively). None of these SNPs were associated with response to infliximab in adults diagnosed with CD. Among patients diagnosed with ulcerative colitis (UC), 1 SNP in LY96 was significantly associated with response to anti-TNF treatment (rs-11465996-HR, 10.220 [95% CI 1.849–56.504] P value < 0.05). Conclusions: Genotyping of these DNA variants before starting treatment may help to identify children who are long-term responders to anti-TNF drugs, and thus tailor treatment of pediatric IBD.
Synthesis of PIPs at the plasma membrane

European Bioinformatics Institute, New York University Langone Medical Center, Ontario Institute for Cancer Research, Oregon Health and Science University. The contents of this document may be freely copied and distributed in any media, provided the authors, plus the institutions, are credited, as stated under the terms of Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0) License. For more information see our license. This is just an excerpt of a full-length report for this pathway. To access the complete report, please download it at the Reactome Textbook. 17/11/2022
Land-Cover Patterns and Hydrogeomorphology of Tributaries: Are These Important Stressors for the Water Quality of Reservoirs in the Mediterranean Region?

Four streams in the Guadiana watershed were followed up to assess hydrogeomorphological and physicochemical characteristics, and to analyze its correlation with land use/land cover (LULC), analyzing their possible influence in reservoir water quality and possible influence in the reservoir water quality. The highest amounts of organic descriptors and nutrients were quantified in streams with the major percentage of olive groves and vineyards and urban land cover classes. Streams more influenced by agro-silvo-pastoral class presented better water quality, as this type of LULC acts as a buffer of the contamination runoff. The results highlighted that the hydrogeomorphology of the streams may influence the transfer of pollutants loads to reservoirs. Hence, in intermittent streams characterized by coarse particles in the sediment, high amounts of pollutants are accumulated when the flow ceases, and are further transported to the reservoirs when the flow retakes. On the contrary, streams with sediments characterized by a great percentage of fine particles and organic matter do not induce so much stress in reservoirs, since these allow the adsorption of nutrients and trace elements, without their transfer to reservoirs.