Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
DETERMINING THE ENGLISH PREPARATORY SCHOOL STUDENTS' READINESS FOR ONLINE LEARNING

The aim of this study is to evaluate students ' readiness for online learning at the Near East University English Preparatory School and to provide suggestions on how they can be further supported to strengthen their online learning. 202 adult students participated in the study were fall semester students of the 2019-2020 Academic year. As the data collection tool, Online Learning Readiness Scale (OLRS) by Hung et al. (2010) was used. The dimensions of the scale are; self-directed learning, motivation, learner control, computer-Internet self-efficacy, and online communication self-efficacy. The data obtained showed that the participants were ready in all dimensions with some variations within the dimensions. In the self-directed learning dimension, the participants were observed to lack the ability to manage time in their studies however they were willing to ask for help when they need help. Although the scores were above the average, Computer / Internet self-efficacy was found to have the lowest scores compared to the other dimensions. Participants stated that they were distracted by other online applications while studying for their online course. Results for computer / internet self-efficacy dimension showed that participants did not have a very high readiness in using basic Microsoft Office Programs, reaching information easily via online search and using online applications. Motivation and Online Communication self-efficacy dimensions were found to be the dimensions where all the items received a high score. Keywords: Online learning, online learning readines, english preparatory school
EFFECT OF SEED SOURCE AND IRRIGATION ON ROOT ANATOMY OF HASHAB (ACACIA SENEGAL) SEEDLINGS

EFFECT OF SEED SOURCE AND IRRIGATION ON ROOT ANATOMY OF HASHAB (ACACIA SENEGAL) SEEDLINGS The aim of the study was to examine Acacia senegal var.senegal variations in vessel characteristics of root due to seed sources, families and irrigation intervals. Seeds were collected from twelve seed sources from clay soils across the gum belt according to differences in rainfalls and geographic discontinuity. Seeds were collected from seven trees from each seed source and sown in clay soil in under three irrigation intervals in a split design with three replicates. Slides were prepared from the roots of each seedling and stereological counts were done. Significant variation was found between isohyets in the number of vessels in clusters per mm 2 , total number of vessels in clusters. Significant differences were found in shape factor of multiple vessels. Irrigation had significant effect on lumen diameter of solitary vessels, double cell wall thickness of multiple vessels and vessel length. Families had a significant effect on total number of solitary vessels per mm 2 , average number of vessels in one cluster, average number of vessels in one multiple, total number of vessels in clusters per mm 2 , total number of vessels in multiples per mm 2 and volume fraction of multiple vessels. The interaction between families and irrigation was significant for total number of solitary vessels per mm 2 , average number of vessels in one cluster, average number of vessels in one multiple, total number of vessels in clusters per mm 2 , total number of vessels in multiples per mm 2 and volume fraction of solitary vessels. The results indicate the importance of abiding by transforming the seeds from area to another. ا ر ةر ا ي او ا ت ا ب ا ت رو ! ا ف ر ا ار ا ا ! " #ا $ و % & رو'( ت ب + ا ه-./0و تا1 1 ا ر (&#ا ت أو يا اد ا ةر'5 ا ر " ) 75 ا8 ا 1 ا ر 9 #ا ت $ : 9 0ا . ( 5 ر (5&أ ت 5 أ 5 -+5 5 =.ا ر 5$ ا >50 55 $? 55$=$9 ا ب-55 ا تاذ AB 55= ا 55? ب +55 ا ر (55&أ 55Cا80 55D 0 551 AB 55= اE55 ف-55F م تH 55F 55? ف% 55 Hا IJ55K 55 ر 55$ Hا ن 55آو ، 55 -F ا O "55 ا ? ا-P( ا ا و ر 9 #ا . ا Q5 رز ، 5? ا-PC 75 8 5: ر (5&أ J5 5 رو' 7 C >0 75 ز8 رو'5 51 ير تا-5 ? 5.%D 5$=$B 5 -0 5? $! ا8+F ا آ ) 12،6،3 م85 ( 5. %. 5? -5& -5$P ا 5F ا >50 >5. 5& 5آ رو'5C 5 V! ا-+5 ا E$ (0 >0 ،تارا-:0 5$ وW I+ 8: ا % او تH 555F J555= 555$ و#ا 555? 555 8=F ت 555 و-? د8555Cو 555 ار ا ت-555 Xأ ا ر 559 #ا > 55 ت 55F ( ا د 55 55? Y55 ذو 551 2 55? 55$ وW 55 : ا د 55F ا ، F و ت F ( ا ار-: :+ ا ت . را 5( ا Y 5 ،ةد-51 ا 5$ وW ا 5 ا -59Z ا [-$. /0 X Z? يا أ ? $ وW جودE ا تار-: ا $ و#ا ل8B ? Y 'آو . $ وW : ا د F ا ن آ ! ا8F ا -$. /0 ةد-1 ا 5? >5 ا 2 د 5 ^5 8 ، 55? 55$ و#ا د 5 ^55 8 ،ة 55Kا8 ا 5F ( ا 55? 5$ و#ا ةد 5F ا د 55F ا ،ة 55Kا8 ا F ( ا $ وW : ا ? >5 ا 2 5$ وW 5 : ا د 5F ا ، ةد 5F ا 5? >5 ا 2 Y '5آو $ وW ! E( ا >( ا ار-: ا ت . -$. /50 _5 5! ا8F او ي-5 ا $5 ا 5 ا ةد-51 ا 5$ وW 5 : ا د 5F ا 5 5? > ا 2 5? 5$ و#ا د ^ 8 ،ة Kا8 ا F ( ا ? $ و#ا د ^ 8 ، ةد 5F ا $ وW : ا د F ا ،ة Kا8 ا ةد F ا ? > ا 2 ةد-1= ا $ وW ! E( ا >( ا و . $$Z ا $ هأ `! = ا Q aوأ يأ إ Z9= رو' ا Z ?
OB stars and YSO populations in the region of NGC 6334–NGC 6357 as seen with Gaia DR2

Aims. Our goal is to better understand the origin and the star-formation history of regions NGC 6334 and NGC 6357. We focus our study on the kinematics of young stars (young stellar objects and OB stars) in both regions mainly on the basis of the Gaia DR2 data. Methods. For both regions, we compiled catalogs of OB stars and young stellar objects from the literature and complemented them using VPHAS+ DR2 and Spitzer IRAC/GLIMPSE photometry catalogues. We applied a cross-match with the Gaia DR2 catalog to obtain information on the parallax and transverse motion. Results. We confirm that NGC 6334 and NGC 6357 are in the far side of the Saggitarius-Carina arm at a distance of 1.76 kpc. For NGC 6357, OB stars show strong clustering and ordered star motion with Vlon ∼–10.7 km s−1 and Vlat ∼3.7 km s−1, whereas for NGC 6334, no significant systemic motion was observed. The OB stars motions and distribution in NGC 6334 suggest that it should be classified as an association. Ten runaway candidates may be related to NGC 6357 and two to NGC 6334, respectively. The spatial distributions of the runaway candidates in and around NGC 6357 favor a dynamical (and early) ejection during the cluster(s) formation. Because such stars are likely to be ejected during a cluster’s formation, the fact that not as many such stars are observed towards NGC 6334 suggests different formation conditions than have been assumed for NGC 6357.
Attributes and Characteristics of Ad Spots; An Analysis of Motivation and Brand Loyalty

The reason for this paper was to decide and investigate the impact of characteristics, properties, and spots publicizing on the motivation of Madama radio audience members and how they influence brand unwaveringness. This examination is to investigate informatively and utilizing overview strategies. The investigation populace was the whole Makassar people group of Madama Radio audience members who tuned in to spots Telkomsel and clients of Telkomsel itemsThe outcomes indicated that the characteristics and nature of promotion spots have immediate and circuitous consequences for inspiration and brand steadfastness, where the advertisement spot traits have no noteworthy negative impact on inspiration, advertisement spot qualities have a critical beneficial outcome on brand unwaveringness, the nature of promotion spots has no huge negative impact on inspiration, the nature of advertisement spots has no huge constructive outcome on brand reliability, and inspiration doesn't have a huge negative impact on brand faithfulness.
Existence of Mild Solutions for a Class of Impulsive Hilfer Fractional Coupled Systems

The aim of this paper is to give existence results for a class of coupled systems of fractional integrodifferential equations with Hilfer fractional derivative in Banach spaces. We first give some definitions, namely the Hilfer fractional derivative and the Hausdorff’s measure of noncompactness and the Sadovskii’s fixed point theorem.
Bioremédiation d'eaux contaminées par l'arsenic

Cet article se propose de faire le point sur le developpement de procedes biologiques innovants, bases sur l'immobilisation de l'arsenic par transformation microbienne. Il decrit le cycle biogeochimique de ce metalloide, en insistant sur le role joue par les micro-organismes dans sa speciation. Il presente les proprietes de l'arsenic, responsables de sa presence en milieu aquatique et de sa toxicite. Il traite ensuite des recherches en cours, portant sur des bioprocedes alternatifs aux methodes chimiques utilisees actuellement pour le traitement des eaux contaminees par l'arsenic.
A spectral method with volume penalization for a nonlinear peridynamic model

The peridynamic equation consists in an integro‐differential equation of the second order in time which has been proposed for modeling fractures and damages in the context of nonlocal continuum mechanics. In this article, we study numerical methods for the one‐dimension nonlinear peridynamic problems. In particular we consider spectral Fourier techniques for the spatial domain while we will use the Störmer–Verlet method for the time discretization. In order to overcome the limitation of working on periodic domains due to the spectral techniques we will employ a volume penalization method. The performance of our approach is validated with the study of the convergence with respect to the spatial discretization and the volume penalization. Several tests have been performed to investigate the properties of the solutions.
Bran from black or brown sorghum suppresses colon carcinogenesis

Colon cancer can be induced by inflammation‐induced oxidative stress. Bran from black and brown sorghums has in vitro antioxidant activity. To determine whether sorghum bran would confer protection against colon cancer in vivo, SD rats (n = 10/diet) were provided diets containing 6% dietary fiber from cellulose, or white, black (contains anthocyanins) or brown sorghum (contains tannins) bran and injected with AOM (15 mg/kg BW, 2x, sc). Tissues were harvested and the number of aberrant crypts determined at wk 10. Antioxidant activity (ABTS) was 0.93, 11.6, 84 and 228 μmol TE/g for the cellulose, white, black and brown sorghum bran diets, respectively. A small reduction (P < 0.04) in intake of the black sorghum bran diet by 10 wk, compared to the other sorghum diets, had no effect on weight gain or feed efficiency. The black sorghum bran diet reduced epididymal and mesenteric fat weights (P < 0.05), compared to the white sorghum bran diet. There were no differences in number of aberrant crypts between the cellulose and white sorghum diets. Relative to cellulose rats, those consuming a brown sorghum (47%, P < 0.006) or black sorghum (29%, P < 0.04) bran diet had fewer aberrant crypts. The reduction in colon carcinogenesis in rats consuming either a brown or black sorghum bran diet may result from their antioxidant activity reducing the oxidative stress involved in colon cancer development.
Glycocluster inhibition effect on bacterial adhesion of Pseudomonas aeruginosa characterized by atomic force microscopy and spectroscopy : from molecule to cell

Pseudomonas aeruginosa (PA) is a human opportunistic pathogen responsible for 20% -30% of nosocomial infections in French hospitals. For healthy people, it presents no real danger, but for people with cystic fibrosis disease and immune-compromised patients, it is the leading cause of mortality and lung infections. PA has developed antibiotic multi-resistant strains and new and more effective therapeutic approaches are needed. It binds to the surface of the host cells by an interaction between proteins (lectins) present on the membrane and sugars of the host-cell membrane. The lectin-sugar interaction plays an important role in adherence of the bacteria and in the manufacture of a pathogenic biofilm.A new therapeutic approach is to create synthetic molecules (glycoclusters) of greater affinity than the natural sugars present on the cells. To this aim, more than 150 glycoclusters have been synthetized and screened to find the best candidate to inhibit the bacteria infection process. Some of them have been selected and studied by Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM). In particular, this thesis is devoted to study the lectin-glycocluster and cell-bacteria interactions by AFM. The combination of AFM imaging with molecular dynamic simulations let understanding the role of the geometry of the glycoclusters on the complex formation, while AFM spectroscopy accesses the lectin-glycocluster interaction forces at the molecular and cellular levels. The reduction of bacterial adhesion has been observed upon the addition of the glycocluster. This confirms the anti-adhesive properties of the glycocluster and validates the procedure. The ultimate goal is the identification of the best glycoclusters in order to develop new drugs.
Quality indicators of metals pollution in the coastal sediments in Sangihe Islands Regency, North Sulawesi Province, Indonesia

Metal pollution in coastal areas is one of the focused environmental concerns. Sediment quality in the coastal zone reflects the long-term environmental status because it keeps a record of the development in the area. Quality indicators for metals in surface sediments were evaluated at 18 points of sediment sampling sites of these three bays using the Enrichment factor (EF) and the geo accumulation index (Igeo). Research locations in the coastal areas of Sangihe Island, Talengan Bay, Manalu, and Dagho Bay have values below the metal concentration at the background value. The Igeo category at the three research sites can generally be divided into two criteria, namely: Background concentration and unpolluted. For the types of Cr and Mg metals that are categorized as experiencing enrichment Minimum enrichment (Less), with an EF value <2, Moderate enrichment (Moderate), with a value of 2≤EF <5, and Enough enrichment (significant), with a value of 5≤EF <20. Whereas Co metal experiences enrichment of Very High enrichment (Very High), with a value of 20≤ EF < 40, and Extremely High (extremely high), with an EF value of ≥40, but still has an igeo value <1 which indicates that the metal Co is still in the category of no pollution.
Accounting for variable recruitment and fishing mortality in length-based stock assessments for data-limited fisheries

In fisheries with limited capacity for monitoring, it is often easier to collect length measurements from fishery catch than quantify total catch. Conventional stock assessment tools that rely on length measurements without total catch do not directly account for variable fishing mortality and recruitment over time. However, this equilibrium assumption is likely violated in almost every fishery, degrading estimation performance. We developed an extension of length-only approaches to account for time-varying recruitment and fishing mortality. This Length-based Integrated Mixed Effects (LIME) method at a minimum requires a single year of length data and basic biological information but can fit to multiple years of length data, catch, and an abundance index if available. We use simulation testing to demonstrate that LIME can estimate how much fishing has reduced spawning output in the most recent year across a variety of scenarios for recruitment and fishing mortality. LIME improves data-limited fisheries stock assessments by its flexibility to incorporate additional years or types of data if available and obviates the need for equilibrium assumptions.
Blue and yellow vane traps differ in their sampling effectiveness for wild bees in both open and wooded habitats

Pan trapping is a common method for sampling wild bees, although the use of vane traps is growing globally. Despite this, few studies have tested the effectiveness of different coloured vane traps in attracting bees among different habitat types, and none exist in the southern hemisphere. The present study sampled 192 sites (108 in wooded habitats and 84 in open habitats) within an agricultural region of southern Australia. Pairs of coloured vane traps (one blue and one yellow) were placed at each site for a period of seven days. Combined, 16 348 individuals were collected from four families, comprising 13 genera (21 subgenera) and 55 species. Blue vane taps were most effective, sampling six times as many individuals as yellow vane traps and 96% of total species. Their effectiveness was consistent among open and wooded habitat types. The present study highlights the efficacy of vane traps as a passive sampling technique for wild bees. An added benefit of this technique is that vane traps do not require pheromones or lethal agents. A systematic sampling method best suited to the research question should be incorporated into studies of wild bees. For ecological census and population monitoring within multiple habitat types, the present study supports the use of blue vane taps as a major component of the sampling protocol.
Effects of coupling agents on the properties of cotton stalk–polypropylene film boards

Effects of treating cotton stalks with a coupling agent (maleic anhydride polypropylene (MAPP), polymeric methylene diphenyl diisocyanate (PMDI), or vinyltrimethoxysilane (A171)) were investigated relative to the mechanical and water resistance properties of cotton stalk–polypropylene film boards. The interfacial morphology was investigated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The results showed that the properties of the boards increased with the incorporation of MAPP or PMDI up to 2 wt%, or with A171 up to 3 wt%, but further increases in the coupling agent contents decreased the properties. Boards treated with 2 wt% PMDI exhibited optimum properties, with a 39.0% increase in modulus of rupture, a 38.2% increase in modulus of elasticity, a 68.4% increase in internal bond, and a 57.4% decrease in thickness swelling, compared with untreated boards. The SEM micrographs further confirmed an efficient fiber-film adhesion in the coupling-agent-treated boards.
Anisotropic Spectral Manifold Wavelet Descriptor

In this paper, we present a powerful spectral shape descriptor for shape analysis, named Anisotropic Spectral Manifold Wavelet Descriptor (ASMWD). We proposed a novel manifold harmonic signal processing tool termed Anisotropic Spectral Manifold Wavelet Transform (ASMWT) first. ASMWT allows to comprehensively analyse signals from multiple wavelet diffusion directions on local manifold regions of the shape with a series of low‐pass and band‐pass frequency filters in each direction. Based on the ASMWT coefficients of a very simple signal, the ASMWD is efficiently constructed as a localizable and discriminative multi‐scale point descriptor. Since the wavelets used in our descriptor are direction‐sensitive and able to robustly reconstruct the signals with a finite number of scales, it makes our descriptor compact, efficient, and unambiguous under intrinsic symmetry. The extensive experiments demonstrate that our descriptor achieves significantly better performance than the state‐of‐the‐art descriptors and can greatly improve the performance of shape matching methods including both handcrafted and learning‐based methods.
Centromere protein F (CENPF) is upregulated and related to tumor differentiation in laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma

Background: This study was designed to investigate the expression of centromere protein F (CENPF) in laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma (LSCC), and to assess whether CENPF could be a potential biomarker for LSCC. Methods: GEO datasets were analyzed to assess the expression of CENPF in LSCC. CENPF expression in a tissue microarray (TMA) was analyzed using composite expression score (CES). Finally, we silenced CENPF expression in Hep-2 and FaDu cells to explore its mechanism of action in LSCC. Results: The GEO datasets and TMA revealed CENPF is upregulated in LSCC compared to normal tissues, and also in N2-N3 compared to N0-N1 LSCC. CENPF expression was associated with differentiation, prognosis and smoking, but not alcohol consumption. In vitro experiments revealed silencing CENPF significantly promoted apoptosis and inhibited proliferation in LSCC cell lines, possibly via a mechanism related to PI3K/AKT signaling. Conclusions: CENPF is upregulated in LSCC and may represent a potential diagnostic and prognostic biomarker and therapeutic target for LSCC. However, the mechanisms of action of CENPF need further study.
Do they practise what they preach? Factors associated with teachers’ use of inclusive teaching practices among in‐service teachers

Applying the ‘ theory of planned behaviour ’ to teachers ’ actions in the classroom, it can be assumed that teachers ’ positive attitudes towards inclusive education and high self-efﬁcacy beliefs result in an increased use of inclusive teaching practices. However, scientiﬁc evidence for this assumption is lacking. This study aimed to investigate factors inﬂuencing teachers ’ use of inclusive teaching practices. In total, 221 (188 female and 33 male) Austrian in-service teachers participated. Participants ﬁlled out the attitudes towards inclusion scale (AIS), the Teacher Efﬁcacy for Inclusive Practices Scale (TEIP) and the teacher version of the Inclusive Teaching Practices Scale (ITPS-T). Results showed that teachers had high self-percep-tions towards their use of inclusive teaching practices; compared with secondary school, primary school teachers reported using more inclusive teaching practices; there was no difference between expert and novice teachers; teachers ’ attitudes and self-efﬁcacy were associated with inclusive teaching practices; and self-efﬁcacy predicted teachers ’ use of inclusive teaching practices.
Effects of Soil Microbes on Forest Recovery to Climax Community through the Regulation of Nitrogen Cycling

Microbes, as important regulators of ecosystem processes, play essential roles in ecosystem recovery after disturbances. However, it is not clear how soil microbial communities and functions change and affect forest recovery after clear-cutting. Here, we used metagenome sequencing to systematically analyse the differences in soil microbial community composition, functions, and nitrogen (N) cycling pathways between primary Korean pine forests (PF) and secondary broad-leaved forests (SF) formed after clear-cutting. Our results showed that the dominant phyla of the two forest types were consistent, but the relative abundance of some phyla was significantly different. Meanwhile, at the genus level, the fold-changes of rare genera were larger than the dominant and common genera. The genes related to microbial core metabolic functions, virulence factors, stress response, and defence were significantly enriched in SF. Additionally, based on the relative abundance of functional genes, a schema was proposed to analyse the differences in the whole N cycling processes between the two forest types. In PF, the stronger ammoniation and dissimilatory nitrate reduction (DNRA) and the weaker nitrification provided a genetic explanation for PF dominated by ammonium (NH4+) rather than nitrate (NO3−). In SF, the weaker DNRA, the stronger nitrification and denitrification, the higher soil available phosphorus (AP), and the lower nitrogen to phosphorus ratio (N/P) comprehensively suggested that SF was faced with a greater degree of N limitation. These results offer insights into the potential relationship between soil microbes and forest recovery, and aid in implementing proper forestry management.
Antibiotikadosering – teori og praksis

Antimicrobial resistance constitutes one of the most serious threats to public health. Few new antimicrobial drugs are being developed, and the problems of resistance are increasing. Rational use of existing antimicrobials is therefore of growing importance. Basing the use of antimicrobial drugs on their pharmokinetic and pharmacodynamic properties will most often provide a better therapeutic effect and may also help reduce resistance and adverse effects.