Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Task performance under influence of interruptions

An execution of computerized task was analyzed in simulated office environment. Work of subjects in half of the cases was interrupted. Interrupting tasks varied in complexity. The main task was interrupted at different points. It was shown that (1) interruptions decreased accuracy of performance and increased the number of task related actions, but the time spent for the execution of the main task did not change; (2) more complicated interrupting tasks intensify subjects’ activity, consume more time for the resumption of the main task, but lead to a significant decrease in the number of errors; (3) the more difficult was a subtask in the moment of interruption, the more elaborated behavioral strategies were used in the condition of interference. Results were interpreted in the framework of Leontiev’s Activity Theory. Interruption can be determined as a certain event, which interferes with work process and results in the cessation and suspension of human activity. Brief external interference is often considered as an everyday stressor with negative impact on the effectiveness of performance. Under condition of interruption people look for ways of overcoming its negative influence. Their choice depends, first, on external conditions (for example, type of interruption) and secondly on internal conditions (for example, personality traits and current functional state). In the framework of a multifactoral investigation of the impact of interruptions on computerized task performance, carried on in the Laboratory of Work Psychology of Moscow State University, various effects were demonstrated [1]. In this study performance of a routine computerized task was interrupted by additional tasks of different complexity. Impacts of two independent external factors were analyzed: presence/absence of interruption, and the complexity of interrupting task. Among dependent variables there were parameters of task performance, behavioral patterns, current emotional and psychological states, personality traits, cognitive processes. In this article we present the results concerning quality of performance and behavioral strategies. Experimental paradigm was based on Leontiev’s Activity Theory [2] which presumes, human activity has a complicated structure which includes external (behavioral) and internal (mental) planes and various levels of their actualization. This structure depends on different factors. Any changes of conditions result in changes in macroand/or microstructure of activity. We suppose that interruptions cause structural changes in the activity flow (Hypothesis 1) and that this effect depends on the complexity of an additional task (Hypothesis 2), and at the moment of interference in the performance of the main task (Hypothesis 3). 1 This project was supported by the Russian Foundation for Basic Research (Grant No 02-06-80189).
Economy Dimension of Sustainable Development Index of Solar Powered Electricity Project in Pilolaheya And Pelita Hijau Villages of Bonebolango Regency

Several villages in Bone Bolango Regency are isolated because of geographical conditions and conservation reasons. There are no access road from paved road which can be used by PLN to installed grid. Several programs have been launched, including supply of electricity using renewable energy such as Micro hydro electric and solar cell, to help the villagers from blackout. Unfortunately most of installed power plants did not operate continuously since the human resources in the village is too weak to handle and maintain the sophisticated electrical instrument. Story of in Bone Bolango is not unique there are many similar stories in the entire Indonesia. To address why the ideal program of government is failing, we proposed this research which has ultimate aim to solve the existing problem in the society through research using transdisciplinary approach. Our starting location is Bone Bolango regency where we have been in contact for years. The first year of research is focused on framing the problems in the society through eyes of researchers (academics), government and people. The second year of research will be focused on transferring knowledge from each side to the others with aim to create goal oriented solution. Ones we have it in the third year, we will delivered that together (co delivered) and see what happen.The output research in every year is article published in peer reviewed and Scopus indexed journals and reputable international conference in Indonesia and Southeast Asia. Keywords: Isolated, sustainable development, transdisciplinary approach.
Multimodal Gait Training and Evaluation with Smartphone

Gait training is pivotal in accessing the degree of recovery in walking ability of patients after treatment. Potential gait issues must be detected early in order to prevent falls while walking. In order to enable convenient and continuous gait training, we propose a solution called Gaitroid using multimodal sensors and smartphone to enable self-guided training via adaptive audio feedback and automated gait assessment using sensors to recognize important gait phases and clinical parameters. Initial experiments on evaluating gait phases detection and abnormality recognition with healthy subjects achieved average accuracy of about 90%. With the help of Gaitroid, users can continue gait training conveniently at home while allowing therapists evaluate gait performance and manage personalized therapy remotely, thus shortening the recovery time.
EMPLOYING LOCAL MARKETING IN TOURISM DEVELOPMENT AT BEN TRE PROVINCE

Local marketing is becoming an important factor in the development strategy of each industry, each locality, and each country. The official survey was conducted with 302 survey samples from managers, deputy directors, deputy department heads, department heads upward at local tourism businesses of Ben Tre province. This paper presents a study of the local marketing situation, thereby identifying the factors affecting the local marketing situation in order to provide some suggestions for local marketing strategies for tourism development in Ben Tre province
How do tourists search for tourism information via smartphone before and during their trip?

ABSTRACT This study examined tourists’ smartphone use patterns for tourism information searches. We explored associations between respondents’ demographic and socioeconomic characteristics and smartphone use for their most recent trip. Then, we compared differences in tourism information categories searched via smartphone before and during trips, respectively. Using data collected from tourists who visited coastal destinations in South Carolina, USA, a series of chi-square tests were conducted. Findings reveal that respondents’ employment status and age were significantly associated with smartphone use during their most recent trip. Furthermore, results show significant differences in tourism information categories searched via smartphone before and during trips, respectively. Based on these results, theoretical and practical implications are provided to better understand tourists’ information search behaviour via smartphones.
Demand Inertia and the Hidden Impact of Pharmacy Benefit Managers

Do pharmacy benefit managers (PBMs) reduce spending on prescription drugs? Reduced-form evidence suggests that PBMs enforce a tradeoff between net-of-rebate prices and access to drugs within each market. However, net-of-rebate prices grow consistently over time and appear unresponsive to competitor entry. We argue that inertia in drug demand can reconcile these facts. To formally analyze the roles played by PBMs and demand inertia, we build a dynamic structural model of drug pricing and estimate it using net-of-rebate prices of three major statins from 1996 to 2013. Counterfactuals suggest that, relative to a market with price-setting by drug manufacturers and patients who face coinsurance, PBMs reduce overall spending by 28%, without greatly limiting patient access. Without demand inertia, the presence of PBMs would cause prices to fall significantly as competitors enter. This paper was accepted by Raphael Thomadsen, marketing. Funding: This work was supported by the National Institutes on Aging [Grants R24-AG048059 and T32-AG000186] and the National Institute for Healthcare Management Foundation. Supplemental Material: The online appendices and data files are available at https://doi.org/10.1287/mnsc.2021. 03331 .
A Taxonomy of Email SPAM Filters

SPAM email is well known problem for both corporate and personal users of email. Although SPAM has been well studied, both formally and informally, SPAM continues to be a significant problem. While the various anti-SPAM techniques have been described separately, the authors are not aware of any systematic presentation of them in the literature. We address this omission by presenting a taxonomy of existing SPAM email countermeasures, and a brief description of the taxa we have proposed, and ascribe a number of existing SPAM filters to the various taxa.
A STATISTICAL APPROACH ON ANALYSIS OF EVOLVING USER BEHAVIOR PROFILEIN COMMAND LINE ARGUMENT

Knowledge about computer user is very essential. This statistical paper we approach for recognition of user behavior is very beneficial for assisting & predicting their future actions. A approach for creating and recognizing behavior automatically from the commands when (s) he types in a command-line interface. We find out from this approach actual cause however, the construction of effective user profile problematic to human behavior is often erratic and sometimes it is different for their change of goals. We also developed the further recursive formula of the potential of a data point to become a cluster center using cosine distance, because a user profile changes constantly. We also propose a method to keep up to date the created profiles with comparative study during creation of evolve system approach & predict it.
A Method for Computing Weight of Text Characteristic Item Based on Multiple Factors Weighting

According to the characteristics of Chinese texts,the article proposes a method for computing weight of text characteristic items based on multiple factors weighting.The weight of a characteristic item is computed according to many aspects.It dose not only consider the appearance rate of word,but also unifies the semantic information in the text.And,the algorithm of computing the weight of characteristic item is provided in this paper.Finally,this paper presents the results of the experiments by comparing with traditional computing the weight of characteristic item based on word rate and TF-IDF,which illustrates that the method proposed in this paper improves the correct rate of text clustering.
The Fashion Designer’s Evolving Role in the Apparel Value Chain: Perspectives from Sri Lankan Designers

Abstract In the South Asian Region, the Sri Lankan apparel industry is transitioning from apparel assembly to providing higher value-added product and services. Fashion designers are key actors in this transition. The purpose of this article is to examine the evolving role of the fashion designer in the Sri Lankan apparel industry. The study adopts a qualitative approach through semi-structured interviews conducted with twenty-eight fashion and product development professionals in the Sri Lankan apparel industry. Based on an inductive thematic analysis, the study finds that the Sri Lankan designers take a multidisciplinary approach to their design practice, integrating the key functions of fashion design, product development and manufacturing capabilities, in alignment with the functional and strategic ambitions of the apparel companies. Their approach to design through technical skills extends the conceptual approach of brand designers in fashion design practice. However, the fashion knowledge of Sri Lankan designers varies significantly depending on their familiarity with Western brands and retailers as well as Western consumer culture and lifestyle.
Data sharing and data reuse: An investigation of descriptive information facilitators and inhibitors

s facilitate data reuse. However long abstracts and having the same information in multiple places, and the exclusion of data descriptions inhibit data reuse. The findings and recommendations assist funding agencies and scientific organizations in understanding the current state of data being shared and prioritizing how to meet the needs of scientists regarding data reuse. This dissertation provides guidance to developers of current and future data sharing environments and infrastructures, research data management and scientific communities, scientific data managers, creators of data management plans, and funding agencies; and has implications beyond DataONE.
The intersection of legitimacy needs, actions and reform policy: the case of private higher education

Purpose This paper aims to examine how a combination of legitimacy needs and actions (LNAs) can shed light on the legitimacy behaviour of private higher education institutions (PHEIs) operating in an institutional business environment that is witnessing significant public–private sector role reversal. The legitimacy process is promoted as an exemplar to inform the increasing number of public–private sector role reversals in the utility, transportation, health and telecommunication sectors. Design/methodology/approach Based on empirical evidence, this paper triangulates data from archival policy announcements, retrospective case studies and face-to-face interviews. A replication logic methodology was used to establish LNAs and categorized themes. Findings The findings show that market, relational, investment, alliance and social legitimacy needs are crucial drivers for PHEIs when hybridizing their legitimacy practices, especially during critical phases of institutional reform. The proposed conceptual framework demonstrates how the legitimacy construction process is the result of internal development and external validation. Research limitations/implications In providing some empirical descriptions and generalizations, the model makes limited attempt to determine with any specificity how PHEIs interact with their institutional environment, beyond a process of data triangulation. Practical implications The proposed LNA framework is especially relevant in industries where the government has historically been a major institutional stakeholder, but where market liberalization is leading to increasingly active participation by the private sector. Findings can help PHEIs deal with reform policies by establishing deep and varied expertise inside their organizations and through links with international universities, industries and government agencies enable knowledge exchange, transfer, partnerships and the development of alliance capitalism. Originality/value This study provides a more comprehensive approach for theorizing the interrelatedness and embeddedness of organizations with common business and institutional demand factors and linkages and their changing roles, particularly the multi-scale impacts of LNAs on legitimacy sustainability.
A Tale of Two Forecasts: An Analysis of Mandatory and Voluntary Effective Tax Rate Forecasts

Disclosure theory predicts that the likelihood of voluntary disclosures increases with the noise level in mandatory disclosures. We test this prediction by exploiting a unique setting where firms simultaneously provide two forecasts of the same metric—annual effective tax rates (ETRs). We find that managers are more likely to issue voluntary ETR forecasts when mandatory ETR forecasts contain more noise due to tax complexity, suggesting that managers resort to voluntary disclosure when mandatory disclosure constrains their ability to convey private information. Using analysts’ ETR forecast revisions to assess the informativeness of the two ETR forecasts, we find that both forecasts are incrementally informative. In addition, analysts weight voluntary ETR forecasts more heavily, especially when voluntary ETR forecasts are non-GAAP based and when discrete items are present. Overall, we provide evidence on the relation between and the informativeness of voluntary and mandatory disclosures by examining two competing forecasts issued simultaneously.
THE IMAGE OF MALL RETAILS AS A MEDIATION OF CONSUMER’S BEHAVIOR

ABSTRACT Produk organik saat ini belum menjadi perhatian penting konsumen di Jawa Barat Indonesia. Hal ini disebabkan penerimaan risiko konsumen atas produk masih dirasakan oleh konsumen yaitu kebijakan atas harga. Hal ini secara tidak langsung berdampak pada kepercayaan konsumen. Mengingat produk organik dominan ada di ritel swalayan, maka dilakukan kajian dengan fokus pada efek moderasi citra ritel swalayan pada hubungan penerimaan kualitas dan risiko konsumen atas produk organik dengan kepercayaan konsumen. Penelitian dilakukan melalui kajian teori dari penelitian sebelumnya. Temuan penelitian disampaikan bahwa citra ritel swalayan disinyalir memediasi hubungan penerimaan kualitas dan risiko konsumen atas produk sayuran organik, dalam rangka meningkatkan kepercayaan konsumen. Hasil penelitian sejatinya mendukung upaya menghadapi isu “global warming”, melalui kajian pada produk ramah lingkungan. Keyword: Acceptance, Consumer’s, Consumer’s trust , Image of Mall retails
CHOSEN ASPECTS OF IT SYSTEMS IN MANAGEMENT AND ACCOUNTING IN COMPANIES UNDER GLOBALIZATION

: The functioning of enterprises undergoes continuous processes along with changes taking place in the environment. Such processes, like the globalization of economy, taking into consideration the issues of CSR, competitiveness and development of information technologies are increasingly affecting business units. Electronic media are present in almost all societies. New technologies have contributed significantly to the so-called new quality in enterprise’s management. Continuous and dynamic digital changes lead to the transformation of mutual relations between companies. It can be said that this is the new stage in the globalization process. Such dynamic development of information and communication technologies (ICT), noticeable in the last few years, has significantly influenced the functioning of modern organizations operating in the global economy. The usage of new social media has increased in the last few years, with most of the population. The importance of such technology-enabled networks, as well as of the data they can generate, is obvious also at the financial level, with the entrance of social media owners in the share market. Empirical research of both social media and Big Data for management is rather still at the beginning stage. However, it is observed that new technologies have already changed management system in companies. Companies require now fast and accurate information. The relevant information is essential for efficient and effective management of companies. The aim of the paper is to present the role of the information and IT system in the enterprise’s management. There are presented the most important ideas of the information system. Integrated IT systems and their impact on the running business organisation in the global market are also presented in the paper.
Dynamic Capabilities and Knowledge Management in the Banking Sector of Karachi

The paper explores the impact of the dynamic capabilities on knowledge management in the banking sector of Karachi. The study uses responses from 385 commercial bank employees. The statistical results indicate that decision making, coordination, technological and innovative capabilities positively aff ect knowledge management. However, the idea generation capability did not have a signifi cant eff ect on knowledge management. Overall, the results imply that dynamic capabilities play a vital role in strengthening knowledge management which may improve organizational performance. Future studies may examine how dynamic capabilities aff ect knowledge management in diff erent industries operating in Pakistan. Keywords: Decision making capability, coordination capability, idea generation capability, technological capability, innovative capability, knowledge management.
Lean in healthcare : an evaluation of Lean implementation in NHS Lothian

The overarching aim of this thesis is to critically evaluate the implementation of Lean in NHS Lothian, a National Health Service (NHS) Health Board in Scotland. Against challenging financial times, Lean has been endorsed for adoption in the provision of healthcare by The Scottish Government and NHS Scotland and so the objectives are to understand how Lean is implemented in healthcare, the impact on the organisation and what role(s) are held by front-line staff including medical staff, in this implementation. This is an exploratory and descriptive interpretivist case study incorporating content analysis, observational and interview data which is based on a qualitative and inductive approach. The interpretative and inductive nature of the research is used to identify emergent themes and to afford greater insight into the implementation process, outcomes and the role of healthcare staff. The sociology of professions is used to evaluate the role of the medical professional within Lean from the emergent data, with the focus being on behaviours expected and demonstrated in Lean implementations. The findings provide a mapping of the process for implementing Lean. It is also demonstrated that although medical professionals are expected to hold a crucial role in Lean implementations, their identity as a professional with corresponding power and autonomy provides challenges for implementing Lean in hierarchical areas such as healthcare. This professional identity also impacts on project initiation and sustainability as other stakeholders recognise hierarchical constraints. However, evidence grounded in the data illustrates that Lean breaks down hierarchies and has resulted in improved working in services. The implementation of Lean has been programmatic in line with best-practice case examples and has been driven by strategy and target pressures faced by services. This research provides a contribution to knowledge in three key areas: firstly through mapping the approach to Lean implementation which is a contribution to Programme Theory. Secondly medical professionals are explored through the lens of professionalism which has received limited attention to date within Lean; and finally a set of propositions are generated as a framework for Lean implementation in healthcare.
Hybrid production system: perspectives in supply chain risk management

Purpose From the perspective of the supply chain risk management (SCRM), this paper addresses the effects of a hybrid production system (make-to-stock and make-to-order) in order to know which risks can impact the production planning process at a large automaker in Brazil. Through the correlation of these themes, the purpose of this paper is to understand the relevant risks to the supply chain (SC). Design/methodology/approach Before the field research, a theoretical approach was made on two themes. After theoretical analysis of a case study on the automaker and data collection, the work used the Pearson’s product moment correlation (r) and χ2 and Kolmogorov–Smirnov tests to assess the risk factors raised by the interviewed professionals, thus characterizing a mixed methodological approach (i.e. qualitative and quantitative). Findings It was evidenced that many risks are the result of functional failures, such as input of incorrect information in the system, and many are inherent to managerial decisions when procedures and different paths of production are adopted. Additionally, it has been proven that the adoption of a hybrid production planning approach does not increase the risks to the SC and that the identified risks do not necessarily are included within the scope of SCRM. Originality/value This study is characterized by an approach which combines SCRM and hybrid production system.