The theory and research review of Shared leadership

Shared leadership behavior as a leader form in the team or organization, through multiple members of the team, which affect the performance in the team and organization. This paper introduces the concept of Shared leadership in turn, the connotation, structure type and measuring method, and the shared leadership and sorted out the relationship between the other variables, finally summarizes the shortcomings of existing research and enlightenment to the domestic research. 1. The Concept of Shared Leadership Shared leadership as a way to more and more used for the organization leadership, the concept has not yet formed a unified conclusion, so it is very important to study its evolution and the nature of. As early as 1987, scholar Hackman and puts forward the execution of the work and need to rely on the team members to achieve the goal of each other to solve the problem, then more and more researchers have found that by the level of the team members to provide leadership is more suitable for the development of The Times [1]. Pearce and Conger (2002) proposed by scholars, Shared leadership is through the integration of professional knowledge, knowledge sharing, and team member’s decisions and take responsibility together, a kind of leadership style to the realization of ultimate team goal [2]. Scholars such as Bligh and Pearce (2006) argue that this leadership style belongs to a collective leadership, involving multiple individuals rather than just formal leadership. In addition, Chinese scholars Liu Bo escape (2009) based on the background of China, the Shared leadership is defined as "a group of dynamic, interactive influence process, according to the task in the process characteristics of led by the team members with expertise in the corresponding transformation function and according to the situation changes the dynamic change of leading role to achieve the goal of team and organization". Currently, although many scholars on the concept of Shared leadership has put forward different views, but these concepts have a common theme, that is the style of leadership on behalf of the team or organization process. The research, represented by Carson scholar (2007), is a good example of this, and he defines Shared leadership as an emerging team attribute. This is because its leadership affects the influence of multiple team members, which can significantly influence the performance of teams and organizations. Ensley and Pearce (2003) the definition of scholars such as well reflect the characteristics of the Shared leadership as a team process, is to the whole team as a whole, rather than individual process, led by a designated individual reflects Shared leadership for all members of the group, rather than a single member. Kozlowski and Bell (2002), and other scholars have pointed out, based on team work structure type Shared leadership and its application have been more and more attention and research, to a great extent, is due to the widespread adoption of structured work team organization. The leadership of the team is compared with traditional management and personal work arrangements, and presents new challenges in management. This especially in the project team is made up of skilled employees and fully shown knowledge staff team, their task is complex and has the certain difficulty, and asked them to highly coordination and the ability to integrate and share their knowledge and expertise. Therefore, Shared leadership is through the integration of professional knowledge, knowledge sharing, and team member’s decisions and take responsibility together, a kind of leadership style to the realization of ultimate team goal. International Conference on Sports, Arts, Education and Management Engineering (SAEME 2017) Copyright © 2017, the Authors. Published by Atlantis Press. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/). Advances in Social Science, Education and Humanities Research, volume 105