Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A Gray-level Value Logarithm Ratio Neighborhood Filters Method for Image Denoising

Abstract Neighborhood filters are modern and powerful techniques for image denoising. In this paper, we perform an analysis for the normalization Factor of Neighborhood filters, where the size of the gray Euclidean distance is small. We prove that the weak edges and details are smoothed, and the gray level transition tends to become mild, when filtering with these Neighborhood filters. As a solution, a new gray-level value logarithm ratio range filter kernel is pointed out for the normalization Factor of Bilateral filter, a representative method of Neighborhood filters. The new gray-level value logarithm ratio Neighborhood filters method can not only restrain noise well but also keep much more weak edges and details of images, and preserve the original gray level or color transition for gray images or color images.
Keterkaitan antara Konsumsi Pangan, Gaya Hidup, dan Status Gizi pada Pegawai Obes dan Normal (Interrelation Between Food Consumption, Lifestyle, and Nutritional Status of Obese and Normal Employees)

The objective of this study was to analyze the interrelation between food consumption, energy and nutrients intake, lifestyle and socioeconomic status with nutritional status of employees. The observation was carried out on 73 employees of the Bogor Agricultural University, selected purposively. Design of this study was cross sectional. Data was collected by interview using questionnaire and measurement of body weight and height in order to get nutritional status of the subjects. Correlation Rank Spearman and Pearson was used to analyze correlation among 2 variables, and independent samples t-test was used to analyze differences between 2 nutritional status categories. The result showed that there was a significant difference (p<0.05) on gender, level of education, and nutrition knowledge between the samples of normal nutritional status and obesity. There was also significant and positive correlation between education level and the energy and carbohydrate intake; income of family with vitamin A and C intake; knowledge of nutrition with the intake of protein, fruit consumption habits and nutritional status. However, there was a significant and negative correlation between exercise habits with the fat intake.
Fetal and organ development at gestational days 45, 90, 135 and at birth of lambs exposed to under- or over-nutrition during gestation1,2,3

Abstract To determine the effects of poor maternal nutrition on offspring body and organ growth during gestation, pregnant Western White-faced ewes (n = 82) were randomly assigned into a 3 × 4 factorial treatment structure at d 30.2 ± 0.2 of gestation (n = 5 to 7 ewes per treatment). Ewes were individually fed 100% (control), 60% (restricted) or 140% (over) of NRC requirements for TDN. Ewes were euthanized at d 45, 90 or 135 of gestation or underwent parturition (birth) and tissues were collected from the offspring (n = 10 to 15 offspring per treatment). Offspring from control, restricted and overfed ewes are referred to as CON, RES and OVER, respectively. Ewe data were analyzed as a completely randomized design and offspring data were analyzed as a split-plot design using PROC MIXED. Ewe BW did not differ at d 30 (P ≥ 0.43), however restricted ewes weighed less than overfed and overfed were heavier than controls at d 45, and restricted weighed less and overfed were heavier than controls at d 90 and 135 and birth (P ≤ 0.05). Ewe BCS was similar at d 30, 45 and 90 (P ≤ 0.07), however restricted ewes scored lower than control at d 135 and birth (P ≤ 0.05) and over ewes scored higher than control at d 135 (P ≤ 0.05) but not at birth (P = 0.06). A maternal diet by day of gestation interaction indicated that at birth the body weight (BW) of RES offspring was less than CON and OVER (P ≤ 0.04) and heart girth of RES was smaller than CON and OVER (P ≤ 0.004). There was no interaction of maternal diet and day of gestation on crown-rump, fetal, or nose occipital length, or orbit or umbilical diam. (P ≥ 0.31). A main effect of maternal diet indicated that the RES crown-rump length was shorter than CON and OVER (P ≤ 0.05). An interaction was observed for liver, kidney and renal fat (P ≤ 0.02). At d 45 the liver of RES offspring was larger than CON and OVER (P ≤ 0.002), but no differences observed at d 90, 135 or birth (P ≥ 0.07). At d 45, the kidneys of OVER offspring were larger than CON and RES (P ≤ 0.04), but no differences observed at d 90, 135 or birth (P ≥ 0.60). At d 135, OVER had more perirenal fat than CON and RES (P ≤ 0.03), and at birth RES had more perirenal fat than CON and OVER (P ≤ 0.04). There was no interaction observed for offspring heart weight, length or width, kidney length, adrenal gland weight, loin eye area or rib width (P ≥ 0.09). In conclusion, poor maternal nutrition differentially alters offspring body size and organ growth depending on the stage of gestation.
Adult Onset Still’s Disease: A rare diagnosis of undetermined febrile syndrome.

Adult Onset Still’s Disease (AOSD) is a rare, systemic inflammatory disease. Its main manifestations consist of fever, arthralgias and evanescent rash and the diagnosis is essentially clinical. The authors present a case of a 43-year-old woman admitted to the Emergency Department because of fever, odynophagia and arthralgia for about 2 weeks. Complementary diagnostic tests showed elevation of C-Reactive Protein (CRP) and leukocytosis. After exhaustive investigation, the diagnosis of AOSD was made. The authors intend to alert to the importance of the inclusion of this pathology in the differential diagnosis of undetermined febrile syndrome
Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis and Adverse Events: A Canadian Perspective

Background: Adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) surgery is the most common reason for elective pediatric orthopaedic surgery. Minimization of adverse events is an important goal. Institute of Medicine (IOM) outlined 6 facets of healthcare quality improvement within the acronym STEEEP. Two of these facets, Safety and Timeliness for AIS surgery in Canada, are examined in this thesis. Methods: A three part study, using clinical records at the largest Canadian pediatric hospital and CIHI national administrative data, determined i) the relationship between surgical wait times and rates of adverse events, along with determination of an empirically derived access target, ii) accuracy of ICD-10 coding of surgical AIS cases along with an optimal search strategy to identify surgical AIS cases, and iii) the volume – outcome relationships for scoliosis surgery using hierarchical and conventional single level multi-variate regression analysis.
Biosistemes analítics integrats per a aplicacions industrials i mediambientals

En el marc d’aquesta tesi s’han desenvolupat tres biosistemes analitics integrats que mostren: 1) la millora substancial que suposa realitzar un proces d’integracio, encara que aquest sigui parcial, en el rendiment analitic de les metodologies proposades; 2) com la miniaturitzacio, en diferents graus, permet augmentar de forma significativa la robustesa, la sensibilitat o la selectivitat dels sistemes proposats; i 3) noves solucions a la problematica comuna dels biosensors i biosistemes analitics consistent en la perdua d’activitat de l’element biologic. El primer treball descriu la construccio d’un biosensor amperometric per a glucosa basat en un biocomposit de grafit i resina epoxi. L’enzim glucosa oxidasa (GOD) i la sal organica conductora tetratiafulvale-tetracianoquinodimeta (TTF·TCNQ) s’incorporen al composit per formar un biosensor renovable. S’avaluen diferents proporcions grafit/TTF·TCNQ/GOD per tal d’optimitzar el sensor pel que fa a les seves prestacions analitiques i posteriorment integrar-lo en un sistema d’analisi per injeccio en flux (FIA), amb una cel·la dissenyada especialment a tal efecte. Els millor resultats en la determinacio de glucosa en begudes refrescants s’obtenen amb una composicio de 5% de GOD, 76% de polimer, 9.5% de grafit i 9.5% de TTF·TCNQ. El segon treball descriu el disseny, construccio i avaluacio d’un analitzador miniaturitzat basat en la tecnologia de ceramiques verdes (Low temperature co-fired ceramics, LTCC) per a la determinacio de pesticides, que integra una etapa de pretractament mitjancant dos mescladors tridimensionals i un sistema de deteccio amperometrica per mesurar el producte de una reaccio d’inhibicio enzimatica. El sistema de deteccio s’integra de forma monolitica a la plataforma de fluidica, i consisteix en dos lamines de plati com a electrodes de treball i auxiliar, i d’un electrode de referencia serigrafiat. El sistema es caracteritzat i avaluat satisfactoriament per la determinacio de carbofuran a nivell nanomolar. Per ultim, es descriu un metode ultrasensible per determinar toxicitat deguda a pesticides en un lab-on-a-chip de vidre mitjancant la inhibicio de l’enzim acetilcolinesterasa immobilitzat sobre particules magnetiques. S’optimitzen la introduccio de forma reproduible d’una quantitat controlada de particules modificades amb l’enzim al canal del xip i la seva captura en una zona determinada mitjancant l’us d’un camp magnetic extern. Aquest procediment permet de forma facil i altament reproduible la renovacio del material biosensor despres de cada determinacio. S’avaluen o optimitzen el potencial de treball per a la deteccio selectiva de tiocolina en un electrode plati, la reproductibilitat i sensibilitat en la deteccio de tiocolina, el voltatge del flux electroosmotic i el temps de la reaccio d’inhibicio. S’aconsegueix la determinacio del pesticida carbofuran (un dels pesticides carbamats mes toxics) a nivell nanomolar.
Handling missing data in analyses of the UK women's cohort study

Missing values are a problem in large-scale surveys with extensive questionnaires. The analysis of the complete records may yield inferences substantially different from those that would be obtained had no data been missing. The aim of this dissertation is to critically examine ways of handling missing data in the UK Women Cohort Study (UKWCS). This is a large dataset with continuous, categorical and binary variables with missing values in almost every variable. A number of simple imputation techniques, as well as multiple imputation developed by Rubin (1987), and multiple imputation by chained equations using the Gibbs sampling (Van Buuren, 1999), were explored in a number of illustrative analyses associated with the UKWCS. Three approaches of handling missing dietary information on alcohol consumption were compared. The comparison shows that ignoring missingness by analysing only complete cases produces bias (lower means). Imputing an extreme value zero as is customary at present, underestimates the actual alcohol consumption, it also incorrectly increases the apparent precision of estimation (i. e. inappropriately small standard errors). A published study, Pollard et al, (2001) which based its conclusion on one third of the records was replicated after handing missing data by multiple imputation. Multiple imputation by chained equations, an iterative technique, which deals with missing values when every variable is incomplete, was applied. This method greatly improved the results by utilizing most of the information in the incomplete records. The method has the advantage that the algorithm intended for analysing the complete data is applied several times, without any alterations. The implications of missing data were also studied in a survival analysis, investigating the link between incidence of breast cancer and a number of prognostic factors. The thesis recommends multiple imputation for handling missing data, by which most of the information in the dataset is exploited, and helps in efficient inferences to be made from subsequent analyses.
Auditable, anonymous electronic cash

Most anonymous, electronic cash systems are signature-based A side effect of this is that in these systems the bank has the technical ability to issue unreported, valid money. It has been noticed in the past that this may lead to a disaster if the secret key of the bank is compromised. Furthermore, the above feature prevents any effective monitoring of the system. In this paper we build a fully anonymous, auditable system, by constructing an electronic cash system that is signature-free, and where the bank needs to have no secret at all. The security of the system relies instead on the ability of the bank to maintain the integrity of a public database. Our system takes a completely new direction for meeting the above requirements, and in particular, it is the first to do so without the necessity of making individual transactions potentially traceable: payers enjoy unconditional anonymity for their payment transactions. The system is theoretically efficient but not yet practical.
Pre-Clinical ASD Screening Using Multi-Biometrics-Based Systems

Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) screening is still an ongoing process due to few objective and effective screening approaches. The consideration of facial patterns, fingerprints, and other metrics such as footprints and ear size can well explain the ASD phenotypes. These physical anomalies provide a simpler and more objective approach to screen the disorder through rather than considering the complex biological factors. Moreover, it is very easy to acquire these metrics as compared to those lengthier and restrictive procedures. The screening engine in which both the biometrics are integrated has better and reliable outcomes as compared to singular approaches. The objective of this chapter is to present an ASD screening system based on the combination of biometrics of face and fingers. The novelty of the chapter is that the classifier-based matching and fusion of the modalities has been proposed. Hence, multi-biometric-based pre-clinical system has the potential to follow ASD-affected individuals continuously, objectively, and periodically.
Leiomyoma through History: An Overview

Leiomyoma through History: An Overview Leiomyomas or Uterine fibroids are benign tumors that originate from the smooth muscle of the uterus and represent the most common tumor of the female reproductive tract with estimated incidence of around 50%. They affect women of reproductive age and tend to regress following menopause. Myomas can be single or multiple and can vary in size, location, and perfusion; commonly classified into 3 subgroups based on their location: subserosal (projecting outside the uterus), intramural(within the confines of the uterine musculature) and submucosal(encroaching upon the uterine cavity).
Overview of TREC 2004

The thirteenth Text REtrieval Conference, TREC 2004, was held at the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) November 16–19, 2004. The conference was co-sponsored by NIST, the US Department of Defense Advanced Research and Development Activity (ARDA), and the Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA). TREC 2004 is the latest in a series of workshops designed to foster research on technologies for information retrieval. The workshop series has four goals:
HYBRID PARALLELIZATION OF THE NASA GEMINI ELECTROMAGNETIC MODELING TOOL

OF THESIS HYBRID PARALLELIZATION OF THE NASA GEMINI ELECTROMAGNETIC MODELING TOOL Understanding, predicting, and controlling electromagnetic field interactions on and between complex RF platforms requires high fidelity computational electromagnetic (CEM) simulation. The primary CEM tool within NASA is GEMINI, an integral equation based method-of-moments (MoM) code for frequency domain electromagnetic modeling. However, GEMINI is currently limited in the size and complexity of problems that can be effectively handled. To extend GEMINI’S CEM capabilities beyond those currently available, primary research is devoted to integrating the MFDlib library developed at the University of Kentucky with GEMINI for efficient filling, factorization, and solution of large electromagnetic problems formulated using integral equation methods. A secondary research project involves the hybrid parallelization of GEMINI for the efficient speedup of the impedance matrix filling process. This thesis discusses the research, development, and testing of the secondary research project on the High Performance Computing DLX Linux supercomputer cluster. Initial testing of GEMINI’s existing MPI parallelization establishes the benchmark for speedup and reveals performance issues subsequently solved by the NASA CEM Lab. Implementation of hybrid parallelization incorporates GEMINI’s existing course level MPI parallelization with Open MP fine level parallel threading. Simple and nested Open MP threading are compared. Final testing documents the improvements realized by hybrid parallelization.
Diagnosis of path delay faults

We introduce the problem of diagnosing path delay faults in chips which, after fabrication, fail to exhibit correct timing behavior for a set of tests. If a fabricated chip fails for a set of delay fault tests, we locate the paths which are likely to have caused the failure. A sensitization approach based on signal stabilizing times, followed by a probability analysis under the assumption of independently varying gate and interconnect delays is presented here as a solution to this problem. Further extensions to correlated delay models are also proposed.
Interpolation-based Object Decomposition and Parallel Computation Method for Large-Scale Computer Generated Hologram

Computer Generated Holography (CGH) is considered a promising candidate for realizing 3D display with complete depth features. However, the realization of a largescale CGH requires a huge computation time. This paper proposes a method for decomposing an input object into sub-objects and generating sub-holograms from them utilizing interpolation. The major advantage of this method is that the generation processes become mutually independent and can be executed in parallel without communication and synchronization. After presenting the theory of interpolation method, we will show how we can implement the method on GPU using data-parallel operations. We will also show the simulation and optical reconstruction results that verify the correctness of the method. Finally, we will present the preliminary results of our experiment by using GPU.
Iron deficiency in women

Iron deficiency remains the most commonly recognized nutritional deficiency. Although the prevalence of iron deficiency in a given population is a function of the bioavailability of the iron in the average diet varying requirements for iron largely determine which members are most susceptible. Infants and children are at special risk because of increased requirements for iron related to their rapid growth. In addition women of reproductive age have increased iron requirements because of menstruation pregnancy and lactation. The net iron cost of pregnancy is about 500 mg. The iron in staple foodstuffs such as wheat rice and maize is poorly absorbed meaning that the usual diet in developing countries provides too little absorbable iron for many women. Bioavailability is significantly enhanced if ligands are eaten with adequate amounts of meat fish or ascorbic acid. With adequate nutrition a reserve of iron is stored in the tissues in the form of ferritin and hemosiderin and this reserve can be drawn upon during pregnancy. A depleted or exhausted store indicates a state of iron deficiency which in turn increases the risk of maternal mortality. Iron deficiency can be prevented by providing vulnerable populations with supplemental iron or by fortifying the diet of the entire population. Antenatal clinics provide a good opportunity for supplementation. The dose required depends on whether the iron preparation is to be given with meals on the subjects iron nutritional status and on the stage of gestation.
Isolation and characterization of Vasicine from Adhatoda vasica (Adusa)

QR Code DOI Link: http://dx.doi. org/10.21276/IJRDPL. 2278.0238. 2017; 6(2): 2590-2596 Abstract: The research work is related to an improved process of isolation & characterization of Vasicine from Adhatodha Vasica (Sanskrit: Adusa). Adhatodha vasica, commonly known as Arusa, is a valued herb in Ayurvedic medicine. Roots, leaves and preparations of the plant are traditionally used as tonic, antiasthmatic, analgesic, antiinflammatory and diuretic. A. vasica mainly contains Vasicine alkaoids including Vasicine which are specific to the Acantheceae family. Vasicinosides are biologically active secondary metabolites present in roots and leaves of A. vasica. In the present study, we have standardized the protocol for the isolation of Vasicine from the Adhatodha vasica punchang. Vasicine possess anti-inflammatory and antistress properties. This study contains newer and conventional method of isolation of Vasicine from Adhatodha vasaka as well Quantitative and qualitative techniques involved in purification of compound was followed throughout this research work. In this study, we have taken different trials based on hydro-alcoholic solvent composition. Based on different solvent extraction process pure 95% Vasicine was successfully isolated.
BRIAN SKYRMS Signals: Evolution, Learning, and Information

In 1969, David Lewis used the nascent theory of games to argue that semantic meaning can be conventional. Imagine a situation in which the world can be in one of two states. An agent, the sender, observes the actual state and then sends a message to a second agent, the receiver. The receiver cannot directly observe the state but does perform some action after observing the sender’s message. Both players are paid off if and only if the receiver performs an action appropriate for the state of the world. Lewis noted that if, for example, signal A is sent only in state one, and the receiver responds to signal A by performing the action appropriate for state one, then it looks like signal A has come to mean something like ‘state one has occurred’ or ‘perform the action appropriate for state one’. However, because Lewis was limited to techniques available at the time, he was unable to provide a thorough account of how agents adopt conventions. In single chapters of earlier books, Skyrms ([1996], [2004]) introduced an approach for joining Lewis’s signalling game with modern approaches to game theory, namely, those based on evolutionary dynamics and theories of Brit. J. Phil. Sci. 64 (2013), 883–887
Allowing the Listener to Fly as They Want to : Sámi Perspectives on Indigenous CD Production in Northern Europe

Since the Saami cultural renaissance that began in the late 1970s, contemporary Saami recording artists have found ways to reflect traditional cultural values and practices in the recording studio. Many initially deny any relationship between live and studio work. Because the tradition of yoiking in a community setting is so reliant on audience feedback, the performance of a yoik without an audience is a particular challenge. In the studio, however, Saami musicians find ways to maintain the yoik's ability to define relationships to people, places, and animals. They also exploit the studio to layer meanings, thus extending the yoik's capacity for double entendre. This article reports on interviews with a number of producers and recording artists, including Ulla Pirtijarvi, Ursula Lansman, and Marl Boine. It focuses in particular on the studio work of Wimme Saari and Frode Fjellheim.