Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Ticagrelor in Patients with Stable Coronary Disease and Diabetes.

BACKGROUND Patients with stable coronary artery disease and diabetes mellitus who have not had a myocardial infarction or stroke are at high risk for cardiovascular events. Whether adding ticagrelor to aspirin improves outcomes in this population is unclear. METHODS In this randomized, double-blind trial, we assigned patients who were 50 years of age or older and who had stable coronary artery disease and type 2 diabetes mellitus to receive either ticagrelor plus aspirin or placebo plus aspirin. Patients with previous myocardial infarction or stroke were excluded. The primary efficacy outcome was a composite of cardiovascular death, myocardial infarction, or stroke. The primary safety outcome was major bleeding as defined by the Thrombolysis in Myocardial Infarction (TIMI) criteria. RESULTS A total of 19,220 patients underwent randomization. The median follow-up was 39.9 months. Permanent treatment discontinuation was more frequent with ticagrelor than placebo (34.5% vs. 25.4%). The incidence of ischemic cardiovascular events (the primary efficacy outcome) was lower in the ticagrelor group than in the placebo group (7.7% vs. 8.5%; hazard ratio, 0.90; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.81 to 0.99; P = 0.04), whereas the incidence of TIMI major bleeding was higher (2.2% vs. 1.0%; hazard ratio, 2.32; 95% CI, 1.82 to 2.94; P<0.001), as was the incidence of intracranial hemorrhage (0.7% vs. 0.5%; hazard ratio, 1.71; 95% CI, 1.18 to 2.48; P = 0.005). There was no significant difference in the incidence of fatal bleeding (0.2% vs. 0.1%; hazard ratio, 1.90; 95% CI, 0.87 to 4.15; P = 0.11). The incidence of an exploratory composite outcome of irreversible harm (death from any cause, myocardial infarction, stroke, fatal bleeding, or intracranial hemorrhage) was similar in the ticagrelor group and the placebo group (10.1% vs. 10.8%; hazard ratio, 0.93; 95% CI, 0.86 to 1.02). CONCLUSIONS In patients with stable coronary artery disease and diabetes without a history of myocardial infarction or stroke, those who received ticagrelor plus aspirin had a lower incidence of ischemic cardiovascular events but a higher incidence of major bleeding than those who received placebo plus aspirin. (Funded by AstraZeneca; THEMIS ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT01991795.).
Vascular Protection of TPE-CA on Hyperhomocysteinemia-induced Vascular Endothelial Dysfunction through AA Metabolism Modulated CYPs Pathway

A high concentration of homocysteine (Hcy) in plasma induces vascular endothelial dysfunction, and it may ultimately accelerate the development of cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). Although several B vitamins have been clinically applied for hyperhomocysteinemia (HHcy) treatment, the outcomes are not satisfied due to their limited therapeutic mechanism. Hence, in order to improve the curative effect, development of new effective therapeutic strategies should be put on the agenda. Total phenolic extracts of Citrus aurantium L. (TPE-CA) is a naturally obtained phenolic mixture, mainly containing flavones, flavanones and their glycosyl derivatives, flavonols, polymethoxyflavones and coumarins. Previous reports indicated that bioactive phenolic compounds possessed potent vascular protective effects and regarded as a protective agent against CVDs. Intriguingly, the exact mechanism underlying the suppressed effects of TPE-CA on HHcy could assist in revealing their therapy on CVDs. Here, the multi-targeted synergistic mechanism of TPE-CA on HHcy-induced vascular endothelial dysfunction was uncovered in a deduced manner. TPE-CA treatment exhibited an obvious superiority than that of B vitamins treatment. Network pharmacology was employed to identify the interrelationships among compounds, potential targets and putative pathways. Further experimental validation suggested that the treatment of TPE-CA for HHcy could not only effectively reduce the Hcy level in plasma through up-regulating transsulfuration pathway in Hcy metabolism, but also restore the HHcy-induced vascular endothelial dysfunction by activating cytochrome P450 enzymes (CYPs) epoxygenase signal cascades and inhibiting CYPs hydroxylase signal cascades in arachidonic acid (AA) metabolism.
Analysis and Modeling of Urban Shared-Mobility Systems through Data Mining

In this thesis, we collect publicly available data from both station-based and freefloating shared-mobility providers in Switzerland, starting in March 2019 with a focus on the city of Zürich. We employ a novel approach to model the availability distribution of free-floating vehicles using multivariate kernel density estimation. Our models allow us to calculate the expected distance to the nearest vehicle from any given point in the city of Zürich and at any given hour of the day. We use these models to analyze the differences between the selected shared-mobility providers and compare their utility in Zürich. We find that the expected distance to the nearest vehicle varies considerably based on location and that expected distance to the nearest vehicle is, on average, substantially less around train stations than scattered around the city. This suggests that shared-mobility vehicles are often used to access/egress from prevailing public transit systems; thus, effectively targeting the last-mile problem. Our analysis shows that, for the population of Zürich, getting to and from the closest train station requires similar travel times in both public transit and using free-floating shared mobility, while the latter constitutes the significantly more expensive option. The station-based BSS, PubliBike, is found to reduce the travel time to the closest train station only in 50% of the recorded observations. A product of this work is a website with two functions. On the one hand, we provide a map showing the historical distributions of shared-mobility vehicle availability in Zürich, which offers the expected distances to the nearest vehicle for each of the five providers. This map allows both policymakers and potential users to determine what services operate according to their best interest and which provider(s) provide the highest overall utility. On the other hand, we provide a map showing live vehicle availability in Zürich for all five providers.
The distinct epidemic characteristics of HCV co-infection among HIV-1-infected population caused by drug injection and sexual transmission in Yunnan, China

Abstract Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection was frequent in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) patients in Yunnan province. We studied the epidemic characteristics of HCV in HIV/HCV co-infected patients. Serum from 894 HIV-1 patients was collected, together with basic information and biochemical features. All samples were infected with HIV through injecting drug users (IDUs) and sexual transmission (ST). The NS5B gene was amplified and sequenced to affirm HCV genotype. In total, 202 HIV patients were co-infected with HCV, and most (81.19%) of co-infected patients were IDUs. Genotype 3b was predominant (37.62%) in these samples, and its frequency was similar in patients with IDU and ST. The frequencies of genotypes 1a, 1b, 3a, 6a, 6n, 2a and 6u were 3.96%, 16.34%, 23.76%, 6.93%, 10.40%, 0.50% and 0.50%, respectively. However, genotype 3a showed significantly different frequency in HCV patients with IDU and ST (P = 0.019). When HCV patients were divided into subgroups, the haemoglobin (HGB) level was significantly higher in patients with genotype 3a than in patients with 3b (P = 0.033), 6a (P = 0.006) and 6n (P = 0.007), respectively. Although no difference existed among HCV subgroups, HIV-viral load was identified to be positively correlated with the HGB level and CD4+ cells when dividing HCV/HIV co-infected persons into male and female groups. In conclusion, genotype 3b was the predominant HCV genotype in Yunnan HIV/HCV co-infected persons. The HGB level was higher in patients with genotype 3a than others. HIV-viral load was positively correlated with the HGB level and CD4+ cells in the male or female HCV-infected group.
Pedestrian modeling using the least action principle with sequences obtained from thermal cameras in a real life scenario

Living labs provide the possibility of doing real-time research in an ecological context corresponding to normal daily activities. In particular, it is important to know how humans respond to environmental changes and different scenarios. The appropriate characterization of individual human displacement dynamics within a crowd remains elusive, and for this reason, there is a keen interest in exploring behaviors with general physical models. In this work, we present a theoretical and experimental study of the natural movement of pedestrians when passing through a limited and known area of a shopping center. The modeling problem for the motion of a single pedestrian is complex and extensive; therefore we focus on the need to design models taking into account mechanistic aspects of human locomotion. The theoretical study used mean values of pedestrian characteristics, e.g., density, velocity, and many obstacles. We propose a human pedestrian trajectory model by using the least-action principle, and we compared it against experimental results. The experimental study is conducted in a Living Lab inside a shopping center using infrared cameras. For this experiment, we collected highly accurate trajectories allowing us to quantify pedestrian crowd dynamics. The tests included 20 runs distributed over five days with up to 25 test persons. Additionally, to gain a better understanding of subjects’ trajectories, we simulated a background of different pathway scenarios and compared it with real trajectories. Our theoretical framework takes the minimum error between previously simulated and real point pathways to predict future points on the subject trajectory.
ALGORITM FÖR NEDTRAPPNING AV ASTMALÄKEMEDEL ÄR ETT HJÄLPMEDEL FÖR ATT UPPNÅ OPTIMAL BEHANDLING

Christer Janson, professor, institutionen för medicinska vetenskaper, Uppsala universitet I Socialstyrelsens riktlinjer från 2015 rekommenderas att kombinationsbehandling med inhalationssteroider och långverkande beta-2-agonister (LABA; long acting beta-2 agonist) bör användas endast om man inte uppnår tillräcklig astmakontroll med enbart inhalationssteroider i lågtill medelhög dos [1]. Rådande riktlinjer från Global Initiative for Asthma (GINA) presenterar en behandlingstrappa med fem steg som är accepterad av såväl svenska som utländska myndigheter [2, 3]. Socialstyrelsen, Läkemedelsverket och GINA ger klara instruktioner om hur och när astmamedicinering bör trappas upp, medan strategier för nedtrappning inte är lika tydliga. Läkemedelsverket anger i sina rekommendationer att trappstegsmodellen kan användas vid både upptrappning och nedtrappning och att patientens astma ska vara välkontrollerad på lägsta möjliga dos astmamedicin [2]. I Socialstyrelsens riktlinjer från 2015 uppskattas att ca 120 000 patienter som står under steg 3-behandling sannolikt är övermedicinerade och att behandlingen kan trappas ned till behandling med enbart inhalationssteroider [1]. Enligt den statistiska rapporten »Öppna jämförelser« från 2013 stod nya astmadiagnoser för ungefär 50 procent av all kombinationsbehandling som påbörjades under året [4]. Förutom att patienterna utsätts för onödigt mycket medicinering, med eventuella biverkningar som följd, genererar denna överbehandling stora kostnader för samhället [1].
Tutorial Optical control of single excitons in semiconductor quantum dots

The fundamental building block of quantum information processing technologies is the quantum-bit a ‘qubit. ’ These technologies require the ability to prepare, control, and read out a qubit state. Spins confined in self-assembled quantum dots are promising candidates for a quantum bit, because semiconductors are compatible with mature modern optoand micro-electronics. These quantum dot systems offer two more advantages: they are excellent interfaces between the spin state—an anchored qubit and a photon—a ‘flying qubit’ and they provide means to coherently control the spin qubit by ultrashort optical pulses. In this review, we thoroughly discuss the qubit provided by an optically-excited electron in a quantum dot–the exciton qubit. We demonstrate its spin state initialization, coherent control and read-out using ultrashort optical pulses.
Dynamic Slot Allocation for Improving Traffic in Wireless Sensor Network : A Survey

A wireless sensor network (WSN) contains of numerous small sized sensor nodes that have computation power. Wireless sensor networks have recently received increased attention for a broad array of applications such as surveillance, environment monitoring, medical diagnostics, and industrial control.In WSNs serious incident data collected by the sensor nodes necessity to be reliably delivered to the sink for successful monitoring of an environment. Because of more energy consumption the lifetime of the wireless sensor network reduces. If the channel utilization is more than throughput of the wireless sensor network reduces. Wireless sensor networks medium access control (MAC) protocols for energy efficiency comes at the cost of extra packet delay and limited throughput, since a sender is allowed to transmit in the short active periods, only. However, typical applications, in addition to low rate periodic traffic, also present burst traffic triggered upon event detections. Thus, there is an emerging need for a MAC protocol that adapts its offered bandwidth to a dynamic traffic load, i.e., maintain low duty-cycle in light traffic condition and schedule more transmission opportunities when traffic increases so that the energy is only used for carrying the application traffic whenever needed. In this paper we provide the survey of dynamic slot allocation in wireless sensor network. Keywords— CSMA, Dyanamic slot allocation, MAC, Queue length, TDMA, Wireless sensor network.
J un 2 01 9 JFM 1 Rotation of a low-Reynolds-number watermill : theory and simulations

Recent experiments have demonstrated that small-scale rotary devices installed in a microfluidic channel can be driven passively by the underlying flow alone without resorting to conventionally applied magnetic or electric fields. In this work, we conduct a theoretical and numerical study on such a flow-driven “watermill” at low Reynolds number, focusing on its hydrodynamic features. We model the watermill by a collection of equally-spaced rigid rods. Based on the classical resistive force (RF) theory and direct numerical simulations, we compute the watermill’s instantaneous rotational velocity as a function of its rod number N , position and orientation. When N > 4, the RF theory predicts that the watermill’s rotational velocity is independent of N and its orientation, implying the full rotational symmetry (of infinity order), even though the geometrical configuration exhibits a lower-fold rotational symmetry; the numerical solutions including hydrodynamic interactions show a weak dependence on N and the orientation. In addition, we adopt a dynamical system approach to identify the equilibrium positions of the watermill and analyse their stability. We further compare the theoretically and numerically derived rotational velocities, which agree with each other in general, while considerable discrepancy arises in certain configurations owing to the hydrodynamic interactions neglected by the RF theory. We confirm this conclusion by employing the RF-based asymptotic framework incorporating hydrodynamic interactions for a simpler watermill consisting of two or three rods and we show that accounting for hydrodynamic interactions can significantly enhance the accuracy of the theoretical predictions.
Influence of packaging on the quality of Brazil nuts

ABSTRACT The Brazil nut is an important commodity that grows in the Amazon rainforest and is notable for its high nutritional value. However, the effect that packaging has on product shelf-life is unclear. This study evaluated the microbiological and nutritional quality of unshelled Brazil nuts packed in (a) nylon and polypropylene under vacuum, and (b) in polyethylene terephthalate and polyethylene aluminized films. The nuts were stored for nine months under natural environmental conditions. The most probable number of total and thermotolerant coliforms and Escherichia coli, and counting of molds and yeast were determined in the unshelled nuts shortly after collection and every three months during storage. Moisture, lipids, ash, neutral detergent fiber, and acid detergent fiber contents were measured by the gravimetric method. Crude protein content was measured using the Kjeldahl method. Coliform levels were within legislated standards in both types of packaging. Mold and yeast growth increased with time in both types of packaging (0.1x10¹ to 9.5x10³ colony forming units g-1), but only nuts packaged in aluminum film showed a significant increase after six months of storage. After nine months of storage, both types of packaged nuts had good nutritional quality. Aluminized packaging resulted in better conservation of the lipid fraction and lower permeability to water vapor, however, vacuum packaging was more effective in controlling fungal growth, possibly due to the lack of oxygen.
Understanding Blackness in South Korea : Experiences of one Black Teacher and One Black Student By

This study examines the experiences of one Black individual (Wilkine Brutus) who worked as a teacher and one Black individual (Sam Okyere) who was a university student in South Korea. The purpose of this study was to understand the meaning of Blackness in South Korea and how it is constructed, how anti-Black sentiments affect Black individuals, and how Black individuals given the opportunity in South Korea in diverse fields may shape and transform the construct of Blackness in the country. This study raises a number of issues in the Korean context where Black individuals are being discriminated against because of their race and skin color, and are denied opportunities, especially in the field of education.
Genetic Polymorphisms of Pituitary-Specific Transcription Factor-1 ( Pit-1 ) Gene from Indonesian Local Goat Population Reared in South Sulawesi Province

Pit-1 gene expression is critical for the regulatio n of growth in animals such as normal survival, dif ferentiation and development of three adenohypophysis cell types ie. somatotrophs, lactot rophs and thyrotrophs. The aims of this study to id entify the polymorphism in the exon 6 region of Pit-1 gene on existing local goat populat ions in South Sulawesi province. A total of 72 samp les from three breeds of Marica, Kacang and Peranakan Ettawa (PE) goat that collecte d from three regions namely Makassar, Jeneponto and Maros regency. DNA was isolated and purified using Genejet Genomic DNA Ext raction kit. A PCR-RFLP method with P stI restriction enzyme was used to identify the genetic polymorphims of Pit-1 gene. Pit-1 polym orphisms identified based on genotype and allele fr equencies, value of observed and expected heterozygosity and Hardy-Weinberg equilibr ium. The results identified two alleles based on P stI cutting sites. T allele was not truncated (450 bp), whereas the C allele was cut by the enzyme (370 and 80 bp). T allele was the most c mmon allele with a frequency in the total population of 0.76 while C allele was onl y about 0.24. Expected and observed heterozygosity f Pit-1 gene in Kacang and PE quite high with a value of 0.571 and 0.645 respectively, while in Marica population only 0.100, it showed th at the genetic diversity in Kacang and PE was quite high whereas low in Marica population. As conclusions, the variation found in this study could be used in future studies to find the association of Pit-1 polymorphisms to the natur e of growth and carcass quality of the Indonesian l ocal goat.
EFFECT OF ASP FLOODING ON OIL-WATER STABILIZATION AND SEPARATION

The effectiveness of the nature of the ASP on the zeta potential, growth of mean droplet size and viscosity of emulsions have been investigated. Water in oil based emulsion was prepared and inspected the emulsion stability by analysing droplet zeta potential, growth of drop size and viscosity. An electric mechanism of dispersed phase stabilization is projected to make clear the long term stability observed for EOR implemented fields in Malaysia. Experiments results of droplet zeta potential for the different emulsions, showed that emulsions with low concentration of alkaline, polymer and high concentration of surfactant observed strong stability. By contrast, ASP stabilized emulsions of high alkaline, polymer and low surfactant, formed less stable emulsions. Cross polarized measurements were performed to analyse the drop size of water dispersed in oil stabilized at various compositions of ASP. The growth of drop sizes showed linear like behaviour with droplets zeta potential tests. Present results show that viscosity is not effected by temperature. It is also observed that increase in salinity concentration is contributing in the separation.
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A spin strongly driven by two incommensurate tones can pump energy from one drive to the other at a quantized average rate, in close analogy with the quantum Hall effect. The quantized pumping is a pre-thermal effect with a lifetime that diverges as the drive frequencies approach zero. We study the transition between the pumping and non-pumping pre-thermal states. The transition is sharp at zero frequency and is characterized by a Dirac point in the instantaneous band structure parametrized by the drive phases. We show that the pumping rate is half-integer quantized at the transition and present universal Kibble-Zurek scaling functions for energy transfer processes in the low frequency regime. Our results identify qubit experiments to measure the universal linear and non-linear response of a Dirac point.
A Poor Man ’ s Morphology for German Transition-Based Dependency Parsing

It has been shown that the performance of statistical dependency parsing of richly inflected languages can be improved by giving the parser access to fine-grained morphological analyses. In this paper we show that similar levels of accuracy can be obtained without explicit morphological analysis, by implicitly learning morphology while training the parser. 1 Motivation Transition-based dependency parsers [9] have traditionally relied on tokens and part-of-speech tags (or abstractions thereof) to find the best transition given a parser state. Recent work has shown that higher levels of accuracy can be achieved on morphologically-rich languages by using morphological analyses of the input. For instance, Ambati et al. [1] show that the use of features related to case, tense, aspect, and modality improve accuracy substantially on Hindi. Similarly, Marton et al. [12] show that features such as definiteness, person, number, and gender are helpful in parsing Arabic. Since there is a certain amount of interaction between morphology and syntax in morphologically-rich languages, Lee et al. [10] explore joint morphological disambiguation and dependency parsing using a graph-based dependency parser. Bohnet and Nivre [4] propose a joint model for part-of-speech tagging and transition-based dependency parsing. These works show that joint processing is possible and can avoid error propagation through a natural language processing pipeline. Since such joint approaches start with the assumption that morphology should be part of the output, they rely on morphology annotations and explicit morphological features. We propose a model that from the user’s perspective does not use morphology at all. Instead, we will build up morphological representations ‘implicitly’ to obtain the same performance as a parser trained with morphology.