Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Effects of Effective Microorganisms on Growth Performances, Ammonia Reduction, Hematological Changes and Shedding of Salmonella enterica and Campylobacter spp. in Broilers

The aim of this study was to determine the effects of effective microorganisms (EM) product on ammonia reduction, growth performances, Salmonella and Campylobacter reduction and hematological changes in broilers. Five hundred and ninety four day-old female Arbor Acres were divided into 3 groups with 6 replicates in each group. Group 1 was the control group, while groups 2 and 3 received EM product in forms of daily spraying at 1:50 EM solution/m2 on litter and in drinking water at 1:800 dilution, respectively. Ammonia concentrations were measured weekly, while blood samples were collected at 21 and 42 days of age for hematological evaluation. Growth performances were determined at the end of the trial. In addition, fecal samples were collected weekly and cultured for Salmonella enterica and Campylobacter. It was found that the ammonia concentrations were significantly decreased (p<0.05) between the EM spraying group and the control group at 42 days of age. No significant differences in the growth performances and most of the hematological parameters were found at the end of the trial. However, stress indicator determined by heterophil and lymphocyte (H/L) ratio was significantly decreased (p<0.05) by the end of the trial in the EM spraying group. Although the EM product tended to have a beneficial effect in reducing ammonia in poultry houses and broilers’ stress, the effect of this product on the reduction of Salmonella enterica and Campylobacter spp. at the farm level was not clearly noticed.
Un modèle global avec quantité de biomasse inaccessible liée aux conditions environnementales : application aux données de la pêche ivoiro-ghanéenne de Sardinella aurita

It is generally assumed, when using a surplus production model, that production of biomass is described as a function of exploited biomass. If a constant quantity of biomass is unaccessible, this assumption may be false. We propose here two formulations of production models assuming the existence of a quantity of unaccessible biomass. When this quantity change during the history of a fishery, such models may be useful. Using environmental data in Ivory Coast, this approach describes the fishery of Sardinella aurita in Ivory Coast and Ghana from 1966 to 1980. nie suggested adjustements are effective but they do not allow us to choose between the two formulations, each of them leading to different conclusions for stock management.
Prize Collecting Bottleneck Steiner Problems: A Combinatorial Approach

We design a purely combinatorial 2-approximation algorithm for the Prize Collecting Bottleneck k-STP, which arises naturally in several network design problems. Our algorithm is optimal in the sense that it matches the lower bound on approximability of the non-prize collecting variant of the problem. We also consider the case of an unbounded number of Steiner nodes and show exact solutions for the Penalty-and Quota Bottleneck Steiner Tree Problem. Finally, we introduce a more powerful model in the form of Prize Collecting Steiner Forest where prizes are vectors, representing networks where nodes have diﬀerent values to diﬀerent subnets. We design extensions for our previous algorithms yielding exact solutions for both Penalty-and Quota Bottleneck Steiner Forests using this extended model.
BIOTRANSFORMATIONS OF XENOBIOTICS IN TISSUES OF CATTLE AND SHEEP

Cytochrome P-450 and activities of mixed-function oxidase, epoxide hydrolase, glutathione S-transferase and UDP-glucuronosyltransferase were measured in liver, kidney and ileal tissue of cattle and sheep and in rumen wall of sheep, using multiple substrates for each enzyme system. Cattle and sheep are thus characterized for metabolism of xenobiotics. Hepatic activities are directly comparable with similar data for swine and eight species of lab animals commonly used in toxicity testing. Key words: Enzymes, xenobiotics, biotransformations, cattle, sheep
Phylogenetic studies on two strains of Antarctic ice algae based on morphological and molecular characteristics

C. Liu, X. Huang, X. Wang, X. Zhang and G. Li. 2006. Phylogenetic studies on two strains of Antarctic ice algae based on morphological and molecular characteristics. Phycologia 45: 190–198. DOI: 10.2216/03-88.1 The taxonomic characterization of two strains of Antarctic ice algae, Chlamydomonas sp. ICE-L and Chlamydomonas sp. ICE-W, were analyzed on the basis of morphological and molecular traits. The results indicate that they are the same species and belong to Chlamydomonas (Chlorophyta). According to 18S rDNA and ITS-1 sequences they are very close relatives of Chlamydomonas sp. Antarctic 2E9, if not ide.gified as such. They belong to the ‘monadina clade’, Cd. monadina and Cm. subdivisa as the sister group, on the basis of 18S rDNA sequence. They occur in ‘Chlamydomonas clade’ according to rbcL sequencing and are close relatives of Cd. kuwadae. The ITS sequences of ICE-L and ICE-W are 1302 base pairs and 1300 base pairs in length, the longest Volvocales ITS sequences ever reported.
Culture conditions for production of 2-1-β-D-Fructan-fructanohydrolase in solid culturing on chicory (Cichorium intybus) roots

Investigations were carried out to optimize the culture conditions for the production of b-D-fructan-fructanohydrolase by an indigenously isolated bacterial culture of Staphylococcus sp. RRL8. Experiments were carried out in solid culturing using chicory roots (powdered) as the source of carbon, which was supplemented, with corn steep liquor and potassium dihydrogen phosphate. A number of process parameters, like period of cultivation, initial moisture content in the substrate and temperature of incubation were optimized. Maximum extra-cellular enzyme was produced when fermentation was carried out at 30oC for 24 h using chicory roots with 60% initial moisture. Supplementation of the substrate with additional carbon source (except with sucrose) resulted decreased enzyme titres, which indicated that the strain was partially depressive. Addition of external nitrogen sources (in addition to corn steep liquor) also failed to stimulate enzyme formation; rather exerted harmful impact on bacterial culture of Staphylococcus sp. RRL8.
A New Strategy for Statistical Modeling using Bootstrap and Weighted Data in Bayesian Logistic Regression

Research on statistical modeling develop very fast over the year and some of them involve with a new ideas, methods, improvement of a previous methodology and many more but, the basic things is, it must comprise of various comprehensive techniques and new ideas. To gain a better significant results, many researcher that study and emphasize on specific method been tried to build a new or improved methodology. From the origin method, many reseachers developed new idea or strategy stage by stage accordingly. This research paper, illustrate the weighted logistics regression with combination of bootstrapping method (SAS Macro) and weighted by standard and varians technique. Related algorithm with specific illustration is fully given in this paper.
Ascorbic acid, a familiar small molecule intertwined in the response of plants to ozone, pathogens, and the onset of senescence

Ascorbic acid is a well-known antioxidant and cellular reductant with an intimate and complex role in the response of plants to ozone. It is clear from a number of studies that sensitivity to ozone is correlated with total ascorbic acid levels, and that a first line of defence against the reactive oxygen species generated in the apoplastic space by ozone is ascorbic acid. For activity, ascorbic acid must be in the fully reduced state. Therefore, both the rate of ascorbic acid synthesis and recycling via dehydroascorbate and monodehydroascorbate reductases are critical in the maintenance of a high ascorbic acid redox state. Active transport of ascorbic acid across the plasma membrane is necessary to achieve reduction of oxidized ascorbic acid by cytoplasm-localized reductases. It has been known for some time that the chlorotic lesions produced by exposure to ozone are not unlike lesions produced by the hypersensitive response to avirulent pathogen attack. Surprisingly, activation of a defence gene-signalling network by both ozone and pathogens is influenced by the level of ascorbic acid. Indeed, in addition to acting simply as an antioxidant in the apoplastic space, ascorbic acid appears to be involved in a complex phytohormone-mediated signalling network that ties together ozone and pathogen responses and influences the onset of senescence.
Genistein, daidzein, and their .beta.-glycoside conjugates: antitumor isoflavones in soybean foods from American and Asian diets

A method is described for the separation and analysis of isoflavone β-glycoside conjugates and aglucones in various foods derived from soybeans. After initial extraction using 80% aqueous methanol and defatting of the extract with hexane, the isoflavones were analyzed by gradient elution reversed-phase high-pressure liquid chromatography. Their structures were confirmed by fast atom bombardment ionization mass spectrometry and by proton nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. The results reveal that most Asian and American soy products, with the exception of soy sauce, alcohol-extracted soy protein concentrate, and soy protein isolate, have total isoflavone concentrations similar to those in the indict soybean
Combined effect of gamma radiation, hot water and sodium bicarbonate on quality and chemical constituents of stored mandarin fruits

The combined effect of gamma radiation and both hot water and sodium carbonate on physiological decay and chemical constituents of stored mandarin fruits was investigated in this work. In this consideration, the studied fruits were gamma irradiated at doses of 0, 0.3, 0.6, 1.2 and 2.4 KGy. Then, the irradiated and non-irradiated fruits were treated either by hot water or sodium bicarbonate to examine their capacity to give a further maintenance and increasing shelf life or storage periods of mandarin. Treated and non-treated fruit samples were taken at intervals of 10 days and up to 60 days. Physiological decay, total acidity, vitamin C, total sugars and TSS were investigated during the different intervals. Gamma radiation treatments showed a promising effect for maintaining the studied fruits and retarding the development of decay. On the other hand, applying both hot water and sodium bicarbonate as a further combined treatments induced a powerful effect on delaying decay development, keeping the chemical constituents near to the normal level and in turn maximizing shelf life and storage periods of the fruits under investigation.
Pathogenicity to Sitka spruce of Ceratocystis rufipenni and Leptographium abietinum, blue-stain fungi associated with the spruce beetle

Le pouvoir pathogene des champignons de bleuissement Ceratocystis rufipenni Wingfield, Harrington & Solheim et Leptographium abietinum (Peck) Wingf. , associes au dendroctone de l'epinette (Dendroctonus rufipennis (Kirby)), a ete evalue suite a l'inoculation de 35 epinettes de Sitka (Picea sitchensis (Bong.) Carriere) a des densites de 200, 400 et 800 points d'inoculation/m 2 dans une bande de 60 cm situee a hauteur de poitrine. Les arbres furent abattus 5 mois apres avoir ete inocules pour evaluer l'infection et le pouvoir pathogene des champignons. Dix arbres inocules avec C. rufipenni aux deux densites les plus fortes furent classes comme morts au moment de la recolte tandis que tous les arbres inocules avec L. abietinum furent classes comme survivants ou incertains. L'inoculation avec C. rufipenni a provoque des lesions significativement plus longues dans le phloeme et cause la mort de significativement plus de phloeme qu'avec L. abietinum. Dans le cas des deux champignons, le pourcentage de mortalite du phloeme a augmente avec la densite d'inoculation. Le pourcentage de bois d'aubier obstrue a augmente avec la densite d'inoculation de C. rufipenni et tout le bois d'aubier etait obstrue a 800 inoculations/m 2 . L'inoculation avec L. abietinum a provoque environ 25% d'occlusion dans le bois d'aubier et l'occlusion n'etait pas affectee par la densite d'inoculation. Ceratocystis rufipenni pourrait grandement contribuer a affecter de facon irremediable les arbres infestes par D. rufipennis.
Variability in protein content of pollen of Castor bean (Ricinus communis) before and after exposure to the air pollutants SO and NO

The role of air pollution has been suspected to be an important factor in the recent increase in the incidence of respiratory diseases. The ambient air, which is the carrier of pollen grains, also incorporates pollutants from the atmosphere, leading to alteration of the pollen proteins. Several studies have reported higher risk of development of pollinosis in the areas of dense vehicular traffic as compared to the less polluted areas. The objective of the present investigation was to study the effect of chemical air pollutants (SO2 and NO) on the soluble total protein content of the pollen of Ricinus communis taken as a model system. Pollen grains of R. communis were collected and exposed to different (100, 200, 300, 400 and 500 μg/m) concentrations of SO and NO individually, as well as together, for 8, 16, 32 and 48 hours. Proteins were extracted from exposed pollen and also unexposed pollen, which acted as control. The variation found in the protein content was analysed statistically. In the exposed pollen, total protein content showed a significant decrease (p<0.05) in the extracts from the unexposed pollen to SO and NO. It varied from 1.84 to 11.01 mg/ml for the extracts from pollen exposed to SO only, whereas NO exposure recorded values for total protein from 0.82 to 3.44 mg/ml only. There was a gradual decrease in the soluble protein content with increase in the concentration and duration of exposure in the pollen exposed to SO and NO together (p<0.05).
IN VITRO STUDIES ON Î‘-GLUCOSIDASE INHIBITION, ANTIOXIDANT AND FREE RADICAL SCAVENGING PROPERTIES OF TECOMA STANS L.

Objective: Tecomo. stans (T. stans) Â (L) are plants extensively used for the empirical treatment of diabetes mellitus. But the bark part of T. stans (L) has not been extensively studied for the anti-diabetic and antioxidant property. Hence the current study were designed to estimate the in vitro activity of I±-glucosidase inhibition and antioxidant property from bark extracts of T stans using various solvents such as hexane, ethyl acetate and methanol.Methods: In the current study crude extract of T stans L. bark part has been evaluated for In vitro I±-glucosidase inhibition and antioxidant activity from hexane, ethyl acetate and methanol extract using standard methods.Results: Out of three solvents studied, methanol extract of T. stans L. (MeTs) showed 50% I±-glucosidase inhibition at the concentration of 645. 20Â±2.79 I¼g/ml. The total phenolic content of MeTs was 206. 81Â±1.11 mg of catechol equivalents/g extract. MeTs showed great scavenging activity on 2, 2-diphenyl-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) (IC50 765.25Â±0.42 Âµg/ml), hydroxyl (IC50 245.12Â±1.41 I¼g/ml), nitric oxide (IC50 800.10Â±1.05Âµg/ml) and superoxide (IC50 595.15Â±0.59 Âµg/ml) radicals, as well as high reducing power. MeTs also showed a strong suppressive effect on lipid peroxidation (IC50 810.15Â±2.19 Âµg/ml). Conclusion: The results obtained in this study clearly indicate that MeTs has a significant potential to use as a natural a-glucosidase inhibition, antioxidant agent. Â
ANTIMICROBIAL EFFECT OF CINNAMON BARK EXTRACT ON ESCHERICHIA COLI O157:H7, LISTERIA INNOCUA AND FRESH-CUT APPLE SLICES

The potential for natural antimicrobial compounds extracted from true cinnamon (Cinnamomum zeylanicum Nees ) to use as a food additive to extend the shelf life of fresh-cut apples was investigated. Several different extracts were prepared using cinnamon bark and powder to evaluate their antimicrobial activity on two marker microorganisms, Escherichia coli O157:H7 and Listeria innocua. An ethanolic extract of cinnamon bark (2% w/v) inhibited the growth of E. coli and L. innocua by 94 and 87%, respectively. When incorporated in a commercial antibrowning dipping solution, FreshExtend, the cinnamon bark extract (1% w/v) reduced significantly (P < 0.05) the microbial growth on apple slices stored for 12 days at 6C in comparison to the control. The cinnamon extract had no influence on the antibrowning properties of FreshExtend. Liquid chromatography mass spectrometry analysis showed that the major chemical constituent of this extract is cinnamic aldehyde. PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS The consumer demand for convenient and nutritious, minimally processed produce like fresh-cut apples has been steadily increasing. Identification of natural antimicrobial agents that are acceptable to the consumer is a challenge to the fresh-cut industry. In this study, we discovered antimicrobial properties of a cinnamon extract and identified the principal antimicrobial compound as cinnamic aldehyde. For the first time, we demonstrated that this generally recognized as safe (GRAS) compound could be used with a commercial post-cut dipping solution (FreshExtend) to inhibit significantly the microbial growth on refrigerated apple slices. Therefore, this innovative study provides a new insight into the possible use of cinnamon extracts or cinnamic aldehyde as natural antimicrobial agents in the processing of sliced apples and other minimally processed fruits and vegetables to assure the microbial food safety.
LOCATION BASED CBCF METHOD FOR EFFECTIVE PERSONALIZATION OF ONLINE CONTENT

Many on-line stores provide recommending services. There are two prevalent approaches for building recommender systems — Collaborative Filtering (CF) and Content-based (CB) recommending. CF systems work by collecting user feedback in the form of ratings for items in a given domain and exploit similarities and differences among profiles of several users in determining how to recommend an item. On the other hand, content-based methods provide recommendations by comparing representations of content contained in an item to representations of content that interests the user. User interaction plays a vital role in building effective content optimization, as both implicit user feedbacks and explicit user ratings on the recommended items form the basis for designing and learning recommendation models. In particular, we propose an approach to leverage historical user activity to build behavior-driven user segmentation; then, We introduce an approach for interpreting users’ actions from the factors of both user engagement and position bias to achieve unbiased estimation of content attractiveness. Our experiments on the large-scale data from a commercial Web recommender system demonstrate that recommendation models with user action interpretation can reach significant improvement in terms of online content optimization over the baseline method.
Sulphated Polymers are Potent and Selective Inhibitors of Various Enveloped Viruses, Including Herpes Simplex Virus, Cytomegalovirus, Vesicular Stomatitis Virus, Respiratory Syncytial Virus, and Toga-, Arena- and Retroviruses

The sulphated polymers, such as polyvinylalcohol sulphate (PVAS) and its co-polymer with acrylic acid (PAVAS), have proved to be potent inhibitors for herpes simplex virus, human cytomegalovirus, vesicular stomatitis virus, respiratory syncytial virus, Sindbis virus, Semliki Forest virus, Junin virus, Tacaribe virus, murine sarcoma virus and human immunodeficiency virus. They are not inhibitory to non-enveloped viruses, such as poliovirus and reovirus. The broad-spectrum antiviral effects of these compounds depend on their molecular weight and degree of sulphation. Pharmacokinetic studies in rabbits have indicated that after intravenous bolus injection the serum concentrations of these compounds decay biphasically, with an initial half-life of approximately 90–120 min.
Impact of Climate change on Milk production of Murrah buffaloes

Abstract Global warming is likely to impact productivity of buffaloes due to their sensitivity to temperature changes. Air temperature, humidity, wind velocity and solar radiation are the main climate variables that affect buffalo production in tropical climate. In the present study sensitivity of lactating Murrah buffaloes to sudden temperature (Tmax, Tmin) change and THI have been analyzed from milk production and climatic records (1994-2004) of Karnal. Algorithms were developed and validated on lactating buffaloes during 2005-2006 at the Institute. A sudden change (rise or fall) in Maximum/Minimum temperature during summer and winter was observed to affect milk production. The decline in minimum temperature (>3°C) during winter and increase (>4°C) during summer than normal were observed to negatively impact milk production upto 30% on the next or subsequent days after extreme event. The return to normal milk production depended on severity and time period of thermal stress/ event occurrence. The R² was very low for cool period observed during Feb- April/Sept-Nov and actual effect on milk production was minimum. This indicated that low THI had a relatively small effect on milk production performance. The lactation period of animals are shortened during extreme summer when THI were more than 80 and reproductive functions were also adversely affected. Thermal stressed buffaloes did not exhibit estrus or exhibited estrus for short period. The potential direct effects of possible climate change and global warming on summer season milk production of Murrah buffaloes were evaluated using widely known global circulation model UKMO to represent possible scenarios of future climate. Both milk production and reproductive functions of Murrah buffaloes are likely to be affected due to warming effects.
An obstacle to teaching hypothesis testing to future managers: The plurality of conceptions related to the concept of variable

The teaching of hypothesis testing is an important part of business statistics curricula but it is most of the time reduced to its operational dimension. We claim that other historical and systematic dimensions should be better taken into account. We have focused our research on exploring the teaching and learning of hypothesis tests for the difference between two means. In our poster, we present the results of the first stage of our research: we have studied how this test was introduced in business statistics books and how it was integrated into the structure of each book.
Effects of diet on life-history traits in a trivoltine kobe population of Hyphantria cunea (Drury) (Lepidoptera: Arctiidae)

The effects of diet on life-history traits were compared among individual webworms reared on an artificial diet or the leaves of two host plants in a trivoltine population of Hyphantria cunea collected in Kobe, Japan. The lower threshold temperature for development and the thermal constant among one generation did not differ largely according to the diets. There were two variations in the larval instar numbers, those being the six- or seven-instar type. The incidence of the seven-instar type fed the artificial diet was significantly lower than those fed on the host plants. The pupal weight for the six-instar type was significantly heavier for those fed the artificial diet than those fed on the host plants. Seasonal host plant effects were detected in some developmental traits. The critical photoperiods for diapause induction at 20 and 25°C were similar between the host plants, and were shorter with the artificial diet than with the host plants. The present results suggest that the data for the artificial diet need not be modified in the parameters for the developmental rate, but that the critical photoperiod for diapause induction needs to be slightly lengthened when the data are applied to field insects.