Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The Influence of Parents Knowledge and Health Care Access to the Identification of Children with Hearing Impairment

Abstract: Early identification and access to quality habilitative services designed for children with hearing loss is the key to developing language and communication skills commensurate with the children’s cognitive abilities. Early identification will provide the opportunity for improved outcomes for thousands of children with hearing loss. Objective: To review the role of parents knowledge and health care Access to the identification of children with hearing impairment. The study design was cross-sectional, with the sample were 45 parents of children at SLB – B Karnnamanohara Yogyakarta at the nursery-child and play group. Interviewer administered a questionnaire to the parents, for evaluations of their knowledge about deaf children and health care access. After obtained the data from the each variable, then test with chi-square statistic. The significant result shown at parental knowledge (p=0,028) and health care access (p= 0,02). This means that there were significant differences between parental knowledge about speech and language development and health care access to early detection of deafness in children. Parents knowledge and health care access influenced to the identification of children with hearing impairment. Keywords: Parental knowledge, speech and language development, early detection, children with hearing loss, health care access
Haptic Exploration and Mental Estimation of Distances on a Fictitious Island: From Mind's Eye to Mind's Hand

This study replicated Kosslyn, Ball, and Reiser's (1978) well-known experiment of a fictitious island that was specifically designed to demonstrate that visual images preserve metric information used in the resolution of spatial tasks. The participants had to memorize a visual map of an island and then mentally scan the distances between the objects on the island. Kosslyn et al. took the high correlations found between linear distances and mental estimates of distances as evidence to support their hypothesis. In this replication of the experiment, the performances of participants who were sighted and blind were compared by using a raised model of the island. The aim was to test whether the same results would occur when the task was carried out by participants who were blind. If this were the case, Kosslyn's et al.'s interpretation would have to be revised. The pattern of performance of people who are blind in several spatial tasks is not different from that of blindfolded sighted participants, although the former usually take more time in each trial (Carpenter & Eisenberg, 1978; Hollins, 1986). However, Millar (1990) pointed out that it is difficult to ascertain what problemsolving strategies are used by merely looking at the outcome of a task. Rather, both people who are blind and those who are sighted are able to use spatial strategies that display different patterns of performance compatible with the sensorial (experiential) modality. In summary, following Millar's results and arguments, the authors considered that if blind participants could perform as well as blindfolded participants in the island task, it would be difficult to sustain the view that visual images are the processing code for spatial tasks like the fictitious island.
Anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies in bile are associated with disease activity in primary sclerosing cholangitis

Objective. Primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC) is an autoimmune cholestatic liver disease of unknown etiology. The role of antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies (ANCAs) in the serum of patients with PSC remains unclear. We hypothesized that ANCA may be detectable in bile, potentially providing diagnostic and prognostic information. Methods. Serum and bile were prospectively collected during endoscopic retrograde cholangiography (ERC) in 72 patients with PSC and other nonPSC obstructive biliary diseases. ANCA measurements were performed by indirect immunofluorescence (IIF). Results. Immunoglobulin G (IgG) ANCA was detected significantly more often in the bile of PSC patients (15/39; 38%) than without (2/33; 6%) (p = 0.001). IgG ANCA in bile was associated with a ten times higher risk of PSC (p = 0.005). In addition, IgG ANCA positivity in bile was associated with the presence of dominant strictures (p = 0.03), cholangiographic severity (p = 0.004), number of ERC (p = 0.01) and interventions performed (p = 0.03). However, IgG ANCA in bile did not correlate with transplantation, cholangiocarcinoma or death. No association was observed between ANCA positivity in sera and ANA and ASCA positivity in sera or bile with the above-mentioned clinical features. Conclusions. The presence of ANCA in the bile of patients with PSC is a novel finding and highly suggestive of PSC. Biliary IgG ANCA correlates with the severity of bile duct strictures and the ensuing number of ERCs and interventions. Therefore, a positive ANCA status in bile may serve as a diagnostic and prognostic marker of the disease progression and biliary complications.
Sensory gardens in the context of promoting well-being of people with visual impairments in the outdoor sites

ABSTRACT The aim of the study was to define the conditions that have to be met to ensure that a sensory path or a sensory garden is a universal space, which supports well-being in the outdoor sites to the blind and partially sighted. There were two methods used: field inventory of parks as well as interviews with blind and partially sighted people. The research was carried out in 2018 in 16 locations in Poland. The study confirmed the usability of previous recommendations in the field, especially regarding stimulation of the senses of hearing, smell and touch. The access to the place and the composition of the garden as well as the choice of plants must be planned in a way that allows the independent usage of the blind and partially sighted, which includes contrasting colours and elevated elements. Basic facilities in terms of spatial orientation, safety and information must be provided. However, the attractiveness of the garden in terms of entertainment and the well-being of visitors is also of great importance.
SPORT AS A MEANS OF INCLUSION AND INTEGRATION FOR "THOSE OF US WITH DISABILITIES"

Can sport provide a platform for disability awareness as regards both social and biological dimensions? How can sport serve as a tool or means of social inclusion for persons or athletes with disabilities? To address these questions our qualitative study begins with a review of current research on the social dimensions of disability, namely diverse forms of social exclusion experienced by " those of us with disabilities " (McCall, 2016), such as attitudinal, institutional and environmental barriers, subsequently followed by a case study in Greece. Initially, we discuss today’s shift to inclusion—which advocates a more inclusive and people-first perspective as well as a more empowering language—and distinguish between two concepts/approaches, integration and inclusion, mainly through educational schemes, so as to facilitate the analysis that follows on sport’s role in eliminating social and institutional barriers and promoting inclusion. Inclusive education is a central objective of the UN Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities (CRPD), and other UN and UNESCO initiatives. In this context researchers have been examining sport and physical education as tools, instruments or means of social inclusion and/or integration. Accordingly, to determine whether—and to what extent—sport participation contributes to the inclusion and integration of people with physical disabilities, interviews were conducted with 20 athletes in Athens: semi-structured interviews with 14 male and 6 female Paralympic and World Champions. The findings confirm that both genders confront many forms of social exclusion (attitudinal, environmental and institutional), however their sport participation plays a significant and positive role in their lives. All 20 acknowledge or report sport gives them a social identity, a sport identity and a meaning in life , in addition to contributing to their social integration/inclusion. Conclusions : The lack of disability awareness, information and knowledge accounts for many of the barriers. Recognizing both the social and biological dimensions of disability is important. The disability community needs visibility , i.e. coverage in mainstream media to cultivate inclusion, promote and reproduce role models and mentors, along with a wider disability awareness campaign, in which sport could play a vital role in changing stereotypes and attitudes, in addition to eliminating the supercrip identity. Article visualizations:
First Language Attrition and Developmental Language Disorder

Developmental Language Disorder (DLD) is an impairment specific to language that affects about 5% to 7% of all children, monolingual as well as bilingual. In this chapter, we aim to demonstrate that knowing more about attrition is important for accurately diagnosing bilingual children whose language abilities raise concerns and who may have DLD. The focus is on bilingual children who are raised in a migration context and whose home language, which is also their first language (L1), may be subject to attrition. We discuss whether the effects of attrition and DLD are expected to show overlap, whether they would accumulate, and whether DLD would influence attrition. In so doing, we often refer to research that has looked at the second language (L2) of bilingual immigrant children, as much less is yet known about their L1. We conclude by summarizing the main issues and suggesting promising avenues for future research.
Effect of prehospital induction of mild hypothermia on survival and neurological status among adults with cardiac arrest: a randomized clinical trial.

IMPORTANCE Hospital cooling improves outcome after cardiac arrest, but prehospital cooling immediately after return of spontaneous circulation may result in better outcomes. OBJECTIVE To determine whether prehospital cooling improves outcomes after resuscitation from cardiac arrest in patients with ventricular fibrillation (VF) and without VF. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS A randomized clinical trial that assigned adults with prehospital cardiac arrest to standard care with or without prehospital cooling, accomplished by infusing up to 2 L of 4°C normal saline as soon as possible following return of spontaneous circulation. Adults in King County, Washington, with prehospital cardiac arrest and resuscitated by paramedics were eligible and 1359 patients (583 with VF and 776 without VF) were randomized between December 15, 2007, and December 7, 2012. Patient follow-up was completed by May 1, 2013. Nearly all of the patients resuscitated from VF and admitted to the hospital received hospital cooling regardless of their randomization. MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES The primary outcomes were survival to hospital discharge and neurological status at discharge. RESULTS The intervention decreased mean core temperature by 1.20°C (95% CI, -1.33°C to -1.07°C) in patients with VF and by 1.30°C (95% CI, -1.40°C to -1.20°C) in patients without VF by hospital arrival and reduced the time to achieve a temperature of less than 34°C by about 1 hour compared with the control group. However, survival to hospital discharge was similar among the intervention and control groups among patients with VF (62.7% [95% CI, 57.0%-68.0%] vs 64.3% [95% CI, 58.6%-69.5%], respectively; P = .69) and among patients without VF (19.2% [95% CI, 15.6%-23.4%] vs 16.3% [95% CI, 12.9%-20.4%], respectively; P = .30). The intervention was also not associated with improved neurological status of full recovery or mild impairment at discharge for either patients with VF (57.5% [95% CI, 51.8%-63.1%] of cases had full recovery or mild impairment vs 61.9% [95% CI, 56.2%-67.2%] of controls; P = .69) or those without VF (14.4% [95% CI, 11.3%-18.2%] of cases vs 13.4% [95% CI,10.4%-17.2%] of controls; P = .30). Overall, the intervention group experienced rearrest in the field more than the control group (26% [95% CI, 22%-29%] vs 21% [95% CI, 18%-24%], respectively; P = .008), as well as increased diuretic use and pulmonary edema on first chest x-ray, which resolved within 24 hours after admission. CONCLUSION AND RELEVANCE Although use of prehospital cooling reduced core temperature by hospital arrival and reduced the time to reach a temperature of 34°C, it did not improve survival or neurological status among patients resuscitated from prehospital VF or those without VF. TRIAL REGISTRATION clinicaltrials.gov Identifier: NCT00391469.
The Moderating Role of the Tendency to Blame Others in the Development of Perceived Addiction, Shame, and Depression in Pornography Users

Abstract In an extension of previous research on pornography users and their disapproval of their own use, support was found for a moderated mediation model in which the relationship between moral disapproval of pornography and depression was mediated by perceived addiction and sexual shame. This indirect effect was moderated by the tendency to blame others. Results demonstrate a possible sequence in which those who morally disapprove of pornography are more likely to perceive themselves as addicted, which is associated with an increase in sexual shame and is ultimately associated with higher levels of depression. Further, findings suggest that a tendency to externalize one’s transgressions onto others simultaneously exacerbates and attenuates the negative associations in these relationships.
A Case of Metachronous Human Papilloma Virus-Associated Squamous Cell Carcinomas in Head and Neck

Synchronous or metachronous head and neck cancer is known to occur in up to 20% of patients, negatively affecting long-term prognosis. We experienced a case of metachronous head and neck cancers in a Human papillomavirus (HPV)-positive patient without a history of smoking, initially presenting with as a cancer of unknown primary (CUP), and then with a contralateral tonsil cancer with metastatic lymphadenopathy five years later. This report highlights the clini cal usefulness of HPV typing to determine the optimal extent of surgery and the follow-up strategy in CUP.
The consequence of birth spacing for first- and second-born siblings’ long-term income rank: A restrictive two-child family approach

Birth spacing between siblings may have long-lasting impacts on them. This paper focuses on how different birth-spacing intervals are associated with income rank during the ages 33 to 42 years. In order to disentangle birth spacing from birth order, while holding potential sibsize association constant, an interaction model is used on a restrictive subpopulation of two-child families born between 1960 and 1970. The results show clear differences between first- and second-born siblings. Increased birth spacing, up to 3 years, is positively associated with first-born siblings’ income rank. Birth spacing has a negligible association with second-born siblings, at the common spacing intervals (less than 5 years). Having relatively high spacing intervals (over 5 years) is associated with somewhat lower income-rank than having mid-length intervals for both first- and second-born siblings.
Making the grade: a pilot investigation of an e-intervention to increase mental health literacy and help-seeking intentions among international university students

ABSTRACT International students may have less understanding and awareness of mental health issues and appear unlikely to seek help. The purpose of the current study was to construct and evaluate a brief online educational intervention designed to increase mental health literacy (MHL) and help-seeking among international tertiary students studying in Australia. The intervention was tested among 45 international tertiary students (undergraduate and postgraduate), who were randomly allocated to control and intervention conditions. The intervention led to significant improvements in help-seeking attitudes, particularly in stigmatising attitudes. No significant effects were found for MHL or help-seeking intentions. A brief educational intervention can improve help-seeking attitudes among international tertiary students. Future research may focus on establishing optimal intervention dosage.
Age-related associative memory deficit and its influential factors

: Associative memory is generally impaired with age in older adults. It continues to be controversial about the mechanism of age-related associative memory deficit, whether the age-related associative memory deficit is a specific deficit caused by impaired binding function or a global deficit of information representation caused by impaired global cognitive function. The specific deficit view represented by the Associative Deficit Hypothesis (ADH) proposed by Naveh-Benjamin (2000) believed that the age-related associative memory deficit was associated with a deficit of specific processing processes for encoding and retrieving the binding of items in older adults. However, the global deficit view represented by the DRYAD model proposed by Benjamin (2010) suggested that the age-related associative memory deficit was linked to the global deficit in memory fidelity in the elderly. Both the ADH and the DRYAD model predict that associative memory will be impaired in older adults, but these two theories have their own different assumptions, corresponding empirical evidence, and some potential limitations. In addition, the factors affecting the age-related associative deficit were discussed from two aspects: the characteristics of the stimuli and participants. Future studies should not only focus on the cognitive mechanism and influencing factors of the age-related associative deficit, but also pay more attention to its practical application and clinical guiding value.
Modern Body Mass Index Values, Marital Status, and Household Size: 1980s to the Present

The body mass index (BMI) is the primary means of classifying obesity and reflects a complex set of interactions related to the institution of marriage and household characteristics. There is an inverse relationship between BMI and height, and height reflects the cumulative price of net nutrition during childhood and resources devoted to an off-spring’s health from care-givers. There are gender specific relationships between BMI and marital status, and after controlling for height, single women have lower BMIs than women in other household relationships. While causal mechanisms may have changed over time, there is a positive relationship between BMIs and household size.
How work redesign interventions affect performance: An evidence-based model from a systematic review

It is not yet clear whether work redesigns actually affect individual-, team- or organizational-level performance. In a synthesis of this literature, we conclude there is good overall evidence, with the most promising evidence at the individual level. Specifically, our systematic review assessed whether top-down work redesign interventions affect performance and, if so, why (mechanisms) and when (boundary conditions). We identified 55 heterogeneous work redesign intervention studies, of which 39 reported a positive effect on performance, two reported a negative effect, and 14 reported mixed effects. Of five types of work redesign, the evidence that work characteristics can explain the effect of redesign interventions on performance was most promising for relational interventions, and participative and non-participative job enrichment and enlargement. Autonomous work group and system-wide interventions showed initial evidence. As to ‘why’ work redesigns enhance performance, we identified change in work motivation, quick response and learning as three core mechanisms. As to ‘when’, we showed that intervention implementation, intervention context (including alignment of organizational systems, processes and the work redesign) and person factors are key boundary conditions. We synthesize our findings into an integrative multilevel model that can be used to design, implement and evaluate work redesigns aimed at improving performance.
Forecast For Pedagogical Workers Age Structure In General Education Of Russia

The use of information and communication technologies develops new communications, imposes certain qualification requirements for the subjects of relations. There is a need to improve the effectiveness of education, providing the education sector with qualified teaching personnel. Their professional level influences the quality of specialists training whose potential of competences begins to be laid at the secondary school level. The uneven distribution of the number of students due to demographic dips and upsurges creates a problem of the provision of schools with teaching personnel. In addition, the situation is affected by the negative impact of socioeconomic factors on the attractiveness of education as a sphere of employment. This leads to a significant outflow of personnel from the professional sphere, the aging of personnel, and the inevitable deformation of the age structure. The presented article is devoted to the problem of the validity of the forecast data showing the need for teachers in the field of general education in Russia. A review of the results and a comparative analysis of studies of domestic and foreign scientists on this topic have been conducted. An assessment has been made analyzing the need for teaching personnel in the sphere of general education in Russia for the long term (until 2035), taking into account the dynamics of the age structure. The methodology used is based on projected demographic indicators (the number of students, the ratio of the number of teachers to students, the age structure of teachers).
Not being there: An analysis of expertise‐induced amnesia

Correspondence Barbara G. Montero, Philosophy Program, The Graduate Center, City University of New York, 65 Fifth Avenue, Room 7113, New York, NY 10016. Email: bmontero@gc.cuny. edu Abstract It has been hypothesized that postperformance memory gaps occur in highly skilled individuals because experts generally perform their skills without conscious attention. In contrast, we hypothesize that such memory gaps may occur when performers focus so intently on their unfolding actions that their ongoing attention interferes with longterm memory formation of what was previously attended to, or when performers are highly focused on aspects of their bodily skills that are not readily put into words. In neither case, we argue, does performance proceed automatically yet both situations, we suggest, may lead to an inability to recollect performance.
35.2: Invited Paper: The influence of blue‐component on visual fatigue

The effect of LED (light emitting diodes) tunable white light with different blue‐component intensities on visual fatigue based on human eye photoreceptors was investigated. The results showed that the visual fatigue was more serious for the blue‐enriched tunable white light with higher illuminance of short‐wavelength cones.
Attachment security, early childhood intervention and the National Disability Insurance Scheme: a risk and rights analysis

Abstract To promote the rights, well-being and development of the child, and for the benefit of families and the community, attachment should be a central focus of early childhood intervention (ECI) under the National Disability Insurance Scheme (NDIS). ECI Key Workers have the opportunity to positively influence parent–child relationships and are encouraged to do so by the ECI national guidelines. This article identifies how elements of the NDIS design and implementation may be counterproductive to fostering attachment security in children. These elements can lead to delayed intervention; increased parental stress; reduced expertise of service providers; and financial disincentives for best practice in working with disadvantaged families. The article highlights the implications for children with a disability and their families in Australian society and identifies lessons for the design and implementation of social policy.