Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Support for rendering multimedia at digital vehicle instrument cluster

Smart cars have become increasingly used lately. One of the most important aspects is safety, both people and vehicles. Functional safety is introduced as a special term, where it is necessary to define the risk as well as the undesirable effects of certain hazards. The particular challenge is that two applications, one for the cluster and the other for the head-unit, are executed on single board with two operating systems via hypevisor. The main problem is in the communication between the cluster and the head-unit, because the cluster falls under the ISO26262 standard which is specifically written for the automotive industry. This paper presents the solution of the problem through the implementation of a middleware for controlling and sending messages from head-unit to cluster.
Craniocerebral trauma: protection and retrieval of the neuronal population after injury.

OBJECTIVE To review the consequences of mechanical injury to the brain with an emphasis on factors that may explain the variability of outcomes and how this might be influenced. METHODS Information regarding the pathophysiology of traumatic brain damage contained in original scientific reports and in review articles published in recent years was reviewed from the perspective of a clinical neurosurgeon and a neuropathologist, each with major research interests in traumatic brain damage. The information was compiled on the basis of the knowledge of and personal selection of articles that were identified through selective literature searches and current awareness profiles. A systematic literature review was not conducted. RESULTS Mechanical input affects neuronal and vascular elements and is translated into biological effects on the brain through a complex series of interacting cellular and molecular events. Whether these lead to permanent structural damage or to resolution and recovery is determined by the balance between processes that, on the one hand, mediate the effects of initial injury and subsequent secondary insults and, on the other, are manifestations of the brain's protective, reparative response. Experimental and clinical research has identified opportunities for altering the balance in a way that might promote recovery, but data demonstrating that this can lead to substantial clinical benefit are lacking. Recent evidence of genetically determined, individual susceptibility to the effects of injury may explain some of the puzzling variability in outcome after apparently similar insults and may also provide new opportunities for treatment. CONCLUSION The understanding of traumatic brain damage that is being gained from recent research is widening and broadening perspectives from the traditional focus on mechanical, vascular, and metabolic effects to encompass wider, neurobiological issues, drawn from the fields of neurodevelopment, neuroplasticity, neurodegeneration, and neurogenetics. Neurotrauma is a fascinating area of neuroscience research, with promise for the translation of knowledge to improved clinical management and outcome.
Laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy and medical management for the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus in non-morbidly obese patients: a single-center experience.

BACKGROUND Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and obesity are often associated in the same metabolic pathology and represent a significant public health problem. Although laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy (LSG) is a relatively recent technique of bariatric surgery, it has shown to be efficient and safe and has obtained much support from physicians and patients. Several studies have highlighted the effects in terms of resolution and improvement of diabetes. SUBJECTS AND METHODS From January 2009 to November 2012, 15 patients in Obesity Class II (body mass index [BMI], 37.9 ± 1.5 kg/m(2); baseline weight, 102.7 ± 11.6 kg) with uncontrolled T2DM despite taking a glucose-lowering drug therapy (glycated hemoglobin [HbA1c], 8.1 ± 0.6%) underwent LSG and advanced practice medical management in accordance with the American Diabetes Association guidelines. All patients were subjected to follow-up controls with anthropometric and metabolic indices at 5, 15, 30, and 60 days, and at 6 and 12 months after surgery, remission of diabetes was also evaluated. RESULTS At 1 year after surgery, the mean excess weight loss percentage (EWL%) was 58.4%, and the mean BMI had decreased from the preoperative value of 37.9 kg/m(2) to 30.4 kg/m(2). The average reduction in HbA1c was 2.5 (30.9%). The mean homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance decreased from 13.3 to 4.9. Overall, during the period of observation, four patients (26.7%) had started drug therapy again, six patients had complete remission (40%), and five patients had partial remission (33.3%). CONCLUSIONS LSG not only makes it possible to attain a significant EWL% in obese patients, but also a remission or improvement of diabetes. Further studies are required to determine the duration of the effect and the role of different factors involved.
Inherited chromosomally integrated human herpesvirus 6 as a predisposing risk factor for the development of angina pectoris

Significance Based on several studies, including ours, we estimate that 40–70 million individuals carry a chromosomally integrated copy of the human herpesvirus 6 (HHV-6) genome in every cell of their body. This condition is referred to as inherited chromosomally integrated HHV-6 (iciHHV-6). The regions targeted for integration are telomeres, which play important roles in the self-renewal capacity of cells. Whether iciHHV-6 is associated with disease remains unknown. After conducting a population screen (n = 20,000), our results indicate that the prevalence of angina is three times greater in iciHHV-6+ subjects relative to iciHHV-6− ones. Furthermore, iciHHV-6+ subjects have shorter telomeres, a result that may explain, at least in part, how iciHHV-6 may contribute to the development of angina. Inherited chromosomally integrated human herpesvirus-6 (iciHHV-6) results in the germ-line transmission of the HHV-6 genome. Every somatic cell of iciHHV-6+ individuals contains the HHV-6 genome integrated in the telomere of chromosomes. Whether having iciHHV-6 predisposes humans to diseases remains undefined. DNA from 19,597 participants between 40 and 69 years of age were analyzed by quantitative PCR (qPCR) for the presence of iciHHV-6. Telomere lengths were determined by qPCR. Medical records, hematological, biochemical, and anthropometric measurements and telomere lengths were compared between iciHHV-6+ and iciHHV-6− subjects. The prevalence of iciHHV-6 was 0.58%. Two-way ANOVA with a Holm–Bonferroni correction was used to determine the effects of iciHHV6, sex, and their interaction on continuous outcomes. Two-way logistic regression with a Holm–Bonferroni correction was used to determine the effects of iciHHV6, sex, and their interaction on disease prevalence. Of 50 diseases monitored, a single one, angina pectoris, is significantly elevated (3.3×) in iciHHV-6+ individuals relative to iciHHV-6− subjects (P = 0.017; 95% CI, 1.73–6.35). When adjusted for potential confounding factors (age, body mass index, percent body fat, and systolic blood pressure), the prevalence of angina remained three times greater in iciHHV-6+ subjects (P = 0.015; 95%CI, 1.23–7.15). Analyses of telomere lengths between iciHHV-6− without angina, iciHHV-6− with angina, and iciHHV-6+ with angina indicate that iciHHV-6+ with angina have shorter telomeres than age-matched iciHHV-6− subjects (P = 0.006). Our study represents, to our knowledge, the first large-scale analysis of disease association with iciHHV-6. Our results are consistent with iciHHV-6 representing a risk factor for the development of angina.
Property concepts and non-mereological semantics in Wolof

Property concepts across categories Adjectival meanings—known in the typological literature as property concepts (PCs)—are lexicalized in two ways in the Senegambian language Wolof: i) via stative verbs (PCVs) denoting relations between individuals and properties (1); ii) via mass nouns, denoting the abstract properties themselves (PCNs) (2). (1) PCVs: xonq/njool/bees/baax/rafet red/tall/new/good/pretty (2) PCNs: doole/sago/wërsëk/xel/rafetaay strength/calm/luck/wit/prettiness The latter strategy is widespread in languages which lack an open class of adjectives (Dixon, 1982). It has recently been argued that PCNS cross-linguistically have mass-like substance denotations, establishing a modeltheoretic link between mereological structure and gradable PC meanings (Francez and Koontz-Garboden, 2013) (henceforth F&KG). This paper argues against such a link, and claims that data from Wolof suggest a contrary position: that PC lexemes, regardless of category, are characterized by denoting in nonmereologically ordered domains. Empirical landscape Unlike a predicate nominal like pokal ‘strong person’ (3), a PCN is not predicated of individuals with a copula (4); nor does it predicate directly like a PCV (6). (N.B. the na element, glossed FIN, indicates present temporal orientation with PCVs.) Instead the possessive verb am ‘have’ is semantically required to achieve truth conditions when predicated of an entity. Thus a compositional PCN predicate like in am doole (5) looks indistinguishable from a possessed mass substance noun like am ceeb ‘have rice’ (7) (3) Ali Ali pokal strong.pers. la-∅ COP-3SG ‘Ali is a strong person. ’ (4) *Ali Ali doole strength la-∅ COP-3SG Intended: ‘Ali is strong. ’ (5) Ali Ali am have na-∅ FN-3S doole strength ‘Ali is strong. ’
EUROMED-the creation of a telemedical information society

The organisation of information is critical in a society of the future, especially concerning healthcare. The introduction of a new standard called "Virtual Medical Worlds" (VMW) provides the potential to organise existing medical information and provide the foundations for its integration into future forms of medical data. If is foreseen that the World Wide Web will become the most important communication medium of any future information society. VMW, devised by the EUROMED Project, is therefore based on the combination of the use of the WWW and all its well-defined tools, and the newly emerging medical imaging standard DICOM 3.0, VMW utilises the WWW as a navigational medium to remotely access medical information and explicitly DICOM 3.0 medical images. Physical locations of medical information are abstracted, presenting the practitioner with a user-friendly 3D graphical interface based on medical models. The first version of VMW, referred to as VMW 10.0, is an attempt to define an information infrastructure in an emerging telemedical information society.
Improved efficacy for ezetimibe and rosuvastatin by attenuating the induction of PCSK9[S]

Reducing circulating LDL-cholesterol (LDL-c) reduces the risk of cardiovascular disease in people with hypercholesterolemia. Current approaches to reduce circulating LDL-c include statins, which inhibit cholesterol synthesis, and ezetimibe, which blocks cholesterol absorption. Both elevate serum PCSK9 protein levels in patients, which could attenuate their efficacy by reducing the amount of cholesterol cleared from circulation. To determine whether PCSK9 inhibition could enhance LDL-c lowering of both statins and ezetimibe, we utilized small interfering RNAs (siRNAs) to knock down Pcsk9, together with ezetimibe, rosuvastatin, and an ezetimibe/rosuvastatin combination in a mouse model with a human-like lipid profile. We found that ezetimibe, rosuvastatin, and ezetimibe/rosuvastatin combined lower serum cholesterol but induce the expression of Pcsk9 as well as the Srebp-2 hepatic cholesterol biosynthesis pathway. Pcsk9 knockdown in combination with either treatment led to greater reductions in serum non-HDL with a near-uniform reduction of all LDL-c subfractions. In addition to reducing serum cholesterol, the combined rosuvastatin/ezetimibe/Pcsk9 siRNA treatment exhibited a significant reduction in serum APOB protein and triglyceride levels. Taken together, these data provide evidence that PCSK9 inhibitors, in combination with current therapies, have the potential to achieve greater reductions in both serum cholesterol and triglycerides.
Prevalence of neonatal hypothyroidism and phenylketonuria in Southern Thailand: A 10-year report

Background: Congenital hypothyroidism and phenylketonuria, the two major problems of several metabolic errors are presently the focus of attention, in Thailand. These two conditions are assigned as diseases to be controlled under the National Public Health Policies of Thailand. Materials and Methods: Here, the authors summarize and report the 10-year study on the prevalence of neonatal hypothyroidism and phenylketonuria in Southern Thailand. Results: This report is good representative data from Thailand, a country in Southeast Asia. Another interesting point in this study is the concern of the recalling process. Conclusion: It can be seen that there are a considerable number of infants who did not receive the confirmation test due to loss of follow-up after calling for a recheck.
Kinetic Energy Harvesting Using Piezoelectric and Electromagnetic Technologies—State of the Art

This paper presents the latest progress in kinetic energy harvesting for wide applications ranging from implanted devices and wearable electronic devices to mobile electronics and self-powered wireless network nodes. The advances in energy harvesters adopting piezoelectric and electromagnetic transduction mechanisms are presented. Piezoelectric generators convert mechanical strain on the active material to electric charge while electromagnetic generators make use of the relative motion between a conductor and a magnetic flux to induce charge in the conductor. The existent kinetic piezoelectric generators including human-powered and vibration-based devices are comprehensively addressed. In addition, the electromagnetic generators which include resonant, rotational, and ¿hybrid¿ devices are reviewed. In the conclusion part of this paper, a comparison between the transduction methods and future application trends is given.
Indonesian Banda: Colonialism and its aftermath in the Nutmeg Islands

general text). Here the types of decorated cloth are elegantly described, sub-regional styles are identified, and significant technical or additional interesting information on usage is provided. The brief appendix supplies useful drawings of loom types. Gittinger's explication makes clear that in what one may call the "craft societies" of the past, hand-decorated textiles were splendid and meaningful symbols, significant elements in social, economic, and religious life. But her own observations at the ends of chapters, on the decline or extinction of these arts, demonstrate that the strategies of yesterday no longer serve the purposes of the population. Artistic craft products are not the strategic means of transition to the desired industrial way of life. In this poignant situation, Gittinger's catalogue becomes the more precious; it reveals a watershed moment, a shift from the present to the past tense in speaking of traditional Indonesian textiles. The author has produced a thorough and reliable scholarly summation worthy of the historical significance of the moment. What must have been an exhaustive search has brought forth previously unheard of documentary sources, while new data and new insights emerge on almost every region. Most exciting for Indonesiakenners is a new theory on the development of Javanese batik. Most helpful for future scholarship, Gittinger does not hesitate to point to problems as yet unresolved: for example, why do some interior peoples employ so skillfully techniques believed to be of recent introduction? Gittinger has combed the European language literature on these islands so carefully, and presented all past and current reports on this textile area with such clarity and command, that any new additions to the corpus will have to come from field research in the remaining tiny pockets of tradition, or from delving into primary sources in Javanese or exotic-language documents. In producing this important compendium, Gittinger maintains both a tone of unflagging interest and an adaptability of approach to each issue and local situation. The photographs—many taken by the author, others of them rarities culled from colonial files—not only vividly support her crucial points; like the other catalogue resources and the textiles themselves, they also serve as testaments to the beauty and style of traditional Indonesian life.
New records of the Cryphonectriaceae from southern Africa including Latruncellus aurorae gen. sp. nov.

The Cryphonectriaceae accommodates some of the world’s most important tree pathogens, including four genera known from native and introduced Myrtales in Africa. Surveys in the past 3 y in southern Africa have led to the discovery of cankers with fruiting structures resembling those of the Cryphonectriaceae on trees in the Myrtales in Namibia, South Africa, Swaziland and Zambia. These fungi were identified with morphological characteristics and DNA sequence data. For the first time we report Chrysoporthe austroafricana from Namibia and on Syzygium guineense and Holocryphia eucalypti in Swaziland on a Eucalyptus grandis clone. The host and geographic ranges of Celoporthe dispersa are expanded to include S. legatti in South Africa and S. guineense in Zambia. In addition a monotypic genus, Latruncellus aurorae gen. sp. nov., is described from Galpinia transvaalica (Lythraceae, Myrtales) in Swaziland. The present and other recent studies clearly emphasize the limited understanding of the diversity and distribution of fungi in the Cryphonectriaceae in Africa.
Lipoplexes prepared from cationic liposomes and mammalian DNA induce CpG‐independent, direct cytotoxic effects in cell cultures and in mice

Recent studies demonstrated the cytotoxic activity of bacterial DNA (pDNA) complexed with cationic lipids. This cytotoxicity is related to the ability of pDNA to induce potently the immune system, which is associated with release of inflamatory cytokines. Both activities seem to be related to the nonmethylated CpG sequences present in the pDNA. Here we study the cytotoxic activity of nonbacterial DNA complexed with cationic lipids against various tumor cell lines.
Obituaries: the future

Developing by evolution not revolution Obituaries are one of the most popular sections of the BMJ. The many letters that we received in response to our last editorial on obituaries and the high response rate to our questionnaire on the subject confirmed their popularity.1 2 The letters and the answers to the questionnaire have helped us consider how to respond to the central problem: how to publish rapidly in a limited number of pages an ever increasing number of obituaries, preserving their accuracy and usefulness and increasing their readability. We think that we can achieve this through evolution rather than revolution. Many diverse opinions were expressed by our 110 correspondents and 646 respondents to our survey sent to 1070 doctors, but some things emerged very clearly: most readers want obituaries kept, almost all were keen that we keep space for “ordinary” doctors, and a third wanted more attention paid to the subjects' failings. Consistently respondents thought that shorter obituaries would be better, and they strongly preferred a single paragraph: many would also accept, however, that the …
Dystrophic thoraces and infantile asphyxia.

Asphyxiating thoracic dystrophy or ATD is difficult to recognize in infants because the asphyxia is transient and nonspecific. The specific diagnosis may not become apparent until the child is older. The authors present 3 infants who demonstrated the clinical and radiological features of ATD and review 40 other cases of chondrodystrophy, emphasizing the heterogeneity of the case material. The authors suggest that infantile asphyxia be considered a potential complication of thoracic dystrophy resulting from intrauterine endochondral bone malformation and that infants demonstrating such disorders should be examined for thoracic dystrophy, with the resultant asphyxia guarded against throughout infancy.
Protein-associated deoxyribonucleic acid strand breaks in L1210 cells treated with the deoxyribonucleic acid intercalating agents 4'-(9-acridinylamino) methanesulfon-m-anisidide and adriamycin.

The DNA intercalating agents 4'-(9-acridinyl-amino) methanesulfon-m-anisidide (m-AMSA) and adriamycin were studied by using filter elution methods to measure DNA single-strand breaks (SSB's), DNA-protein cross-links (DPC's), and double-stranded breaks (DSB's) in mouse leukemia L1210 cells. Both compounds produced SSB's and DPC's at nearly 1:1 ratios. The SSB's and DPC's were shown to be localized with respect to each other; this was inferred from the finding that filter assays based on protein adsorption completely prevented the elution of the DNA single-strand segments between SSB's. In the case of m-AMSA, which produces relatively high frequencies of DNA lesions, the possibility that a protein bridges across the SSB was excluded by alkaline sedimentation studies. Both compounds also produced DSB's, but the SSB/DSB ratios differed; the SSB/DSB ratios increase in the following order: ellipticine greater than adriamycin greater than m-AMSA greater than X-ray [results of this paper combined with those of Ross, W. E. , & Bradley, M. O. (1981) Biochim. Biophys. Acta (in press)]. The o-AMSA isomer is much less cytotoxic than m-AMSA and did not produce protein-associated strand breaks. The simplest model to explain the results is that a protein becomes covalently bound to either the 3' or the 5' termini of the intercalator-induced strand breaks. At moderately cytotoxic doses, m-AMSA yielded much larger frequencies of protein-associated SSB's than did adriamycin. m-AMSA-induced protein-associated SSB's saturated at approximately 60000 per cell over a concentration range in which m-AMSA uptake by the cells was proportional to the drug concentration. m-AMSA was found to enter and exit from cells very rapidly at 37 degrees C; protein-associated SSB's and DSB's also appeared and disappeared rapidly. At reduced temperature, however, the appearance and disappearance of protein-associated SSB's could be blocked while m-AMSA entry and exit still occurred. The saturation behavior and temperature dependence suggest that the formation and disappearance of protein-associated strand breaks is enzymatic. The simplest hypothesis is that the linked protein is a nuclease, such as a topoisomerase, which becomes bound to one terminus of the strand break it produces. It is proposed that topoisomerases producing SSB's and DSB's are stimulated to different degrees by different intercalators.
La sonorizzazione variabile e esiti multipli: Lo sviluppo di /sj/ dal latino all'italiano

La mancanza di interpretazioni coerenti dello sviluppo del doppio esito di /sj/ intervocalico nel passaggio dal latino all'italiano e dovuta alla complessita del processo diacronico e alle insufficienze delle analisi attuali. Benche il periodo della palatalizzazione di /s/ seguito da yod rimanga indeterminato, indizi ortografici da documenti medievali indicano ehe nel toscano medievale esistevano due esiti di superficie di /sj/, una fricativa palatale sorda e una sonora, [J] e [3]. Tuttavia l'esito attuale nelTitaliano Standard a base toscana sono due fonemi affricati palatali, uno sordo e l'altro sonoro, /t// e /ds/, esemplificati dalle seguenti voci riportate da Castellani (1960, 49-54):