Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The relationship between eating behaviours, body image and BMI status among adolescence age 13 to 17 years in Meru, Klang, Malaysia

The purpose of this study was to examine how body image, Body Mass Index (BMI), and eating attitudes were related among adolescence age 13 to 17 years old. The samples were made up of 356 adolescents, where 165 (46.3%) were male while 191(53.7%) were female. Body image was assessed using the Figure Rating Scale (Stunkard et al., 1983), BMI was calculated based on measures of height and weight, and eating behaviour was assessed using Eating Behaviour Patterns Questionnaire (EBPQ). This study has contributed to the knowledge on the relationship between eating behaviour, body image, and BMI among adolescence age 13 to 17 years old. This study found that, for relationship between eating behaviour and BMI status, only snacking and convenience as well as emotional eating is associated with BMI status. While for relationship between eating behaviour and body image, only body image perception was found to be associated with emotional eating. For relationship between body image and BMI status, body image perception was found to be associated with BMI status. Male adolescents were more prone to be affected by snacking and convenience as well as cultural and lifestyle. Male adolescents were prone to be affected by body image. Gender did not have an effect on BMI status. This study underlines the importance of being aware of the relationships between body image, BMI, and eating behaviour.
Performance comparison of MRC and IC under transmit diversity

This work explores the performance of MIMO (multiple-input/multiple-output) systems in Rayleigh fading channels with co-channel interference (CCI) and thermal noise. We provide analytical expressions for the outage probability of maximal ratio transmission combined with one of two different receive antenna array schemes, maximal ratio combining (MRC) and interference cancellation (IC) via null steering of the array pattern. We derive the statistics of the signal to interference-plus- noise ratio (SINR) for each technique in a closed-form and obtain an integral expression to calculate the average bit error rate (BER) or symbol error rate (SER). Our results show the conditions under which IC yields significantly better performance than MRC and vice versa. We also determine the impact on performance of the number of antennas in the transmit array.
Amazon Rating Prediction

Identifying user review ratings based off of sentiment analysis techniques is an important topic in machine learning, computer vision, and data science. In this paper we build a model to predict product ratings based off of rating text using a bag-of-words model. The two models tested utilized unigrams and bigrams. The dataset used is a subset Amazon video game user reviews. 1. THE DATA SET We used the data set reviews Video Games.json. gz, which can be found on the link ’jmcauley.ucsd. edu/data/amazon’. The dataset contains 1324759 video game reviews from May 1996 July 2014. Each review contains reviewerID, ASIN, ReviewerName, helpfulness, reviewText, overall rating, summary, and rating time. 1.1 Basic Statistics • Mean Rating: 3.97875613602 • Rating Standard Deviation: 1.3789844278 • Number of unique items: 50210 • Number of unique users: 826773 • Top 10 Items (# of reviews, ASIN, Title): 1. (16222, ’B00DJFIMW6’, ’Despicable Me: Minion Rush) 2. (7561, ’B00BGA9WK2’, ’PlayStation 4’) 3. (5713, ’B00FAX6XQC’, ’DEER HUNTER 2014’) 4. (5490, ’B009KS4XRO’, ’BINGO Blitz FREE Bingo + Slots’) 5. (5190, ’B002VBWIP6’, ’Xbox Live 12 Month Gold Membership’) 6. (4638, ’B0055SWM08’, ’Quell’) 7. (4510, ’B00CSR2J9I’, ’Hill Climb Racing’) 8. (4468, ’B0015AARJI’, ’PlayStation 3 Dualshock 3 Wireless Controller (Black)’) 9. (3522, ’B00178630A’, ’Diablo III PC/Mac’) 10. (3290, ’B000FKBCX4’, ’Spore PC/Mac’) • Top 10 Users (# of reviews, reviewerID, reveiwer name): 1. (880, ’A3V6Z4RCDGRC44’, Lisa Shea) 2. (817, ’A3W4D8XOGLWUN5’, Michael Kerner) 3. (797, ’AJKWF4W7QD4NS’, N. Durham) 4. (521, ’A2QHS1ZCIQOL7E’, Richard Baker) 5. (474, ’A2TCG2HV1VJP6V’, Ryan Sil.) 6. (429, ’A29BQ6B90Y1R5F’, Wander) 7. (338, ’AFV2584U13XP3’, Rich! )) 8. (320, ’A20DZX38KRBIT8’, Deimos) 9. (267, ’A74TA8X5YQ7NE’, NeuroSplicer) 10. (263, ’A2582KMXLK2P06’, Bryan) 1.2 Time and the number of reviews
A U3 small nuclear ribonucleoprotein-requiring processing event in the 5' external transcribed spacer of Xenopus precursor rRNA

A processing site has been identified within the 5' external transcribed spacer (ETS) of Xenopus laevis and X. borealis pre-RNAs, and this in vivo processing can be reproduced in vitro. It involves a stable and specific association of the pre-rRNA with factors in the cell extract, including at least four RNA-contacting polypeptides, yielding a distinct complex that sediments at 20S. Processing also requires the U3 small nuclear RNA. This processing, at residue +105 of the 713-nucleotide X. laevis 5' ETS, is highly reminiscent of the initial processing cleavage of mouse pre-rRNA within its 3.5-kb 5' ETS, previously thought to be mammal specific. The frog and mouse processing signals share a short essential sequence motif, and mouse factors can faithfully process the frog pre-rRNA. This conservation suggests that this 5' ETS processing site serves an evolutionarily selective function.
Cardiac Allograft Vasculopathy : Past , Present and Future !

Cardiac Allograft Vasculopathy (CAV) is a serious complication after heart transplantation in adults as well as children and once developed irreversibly compromises the outcome of the recipients. Human leukocyte antigen mismatches, number and duration of rejection episodes, type of immunosuppression and presence of antibody -mediated rejection are among the most relevant immunological risk factors for CAV. Hypertension, hyperlipidemia, diabetes and metabolic syndrome, cytomegalovirus infection, mode of donor brain death, donor age, obesity, smoking and ischemia/reperfusion injury are among the most important non immunological risk factors. The combination of, non immunological and immunological risk factors facilitates the more rapid CAV development and progression towards a severe disease. Endothelial injury/dysfunction is the first event triggering the disease process. Inflammation is the central process of CAV development and progression. In order to more effectively affect CAV outcome and prolong survival, treatment with statins is recommended, and novel approaches needed. New immunosuppressive treatments to reduce CAV like mammalian target of rapamycin inhibitors (sirolimus and everolimus) are promptly required. Therapies effective in improving the allograft microvasculature like heparin -induced extracorporeal low density lipoprotein apheresis, or reducing the ischemia/reperfusion related damage like fibrin peptide Bß15-42 need to be introduced as possible new ways of treatment. Future perspectives for early CAV detection and prevention are: individual CAV risk stratification (immunohistochemistry, risk factor profiles), identification of novel early biomarkers, and a better understanding of antibody mediated rejection. All unknowns need to be resolved to better and more effectively prevent CAV development and/or reduce CAV progression.
Sodium/glucose cotransporter activity in cystic fibrosis.

much larger epidemiological study looking at changes in prevalence of respiratory symptoms and atopic diagnosis in childhood over a 25 year period. 7 Eliciting information on the duration of persistent nocturnal cough is a particularly thorny issue. Falconer et al 5 confirm the observations of Archer and Simpson 8 that parental recording of nocturnal cough is inaccurate. They found significant underreporting over a three month period and, by happy coincidence, we chose subjects who had at least three episodes of persistent nocturnal cough and each of these episodes lasted for at least one month. Recall for recent events in general is more accurate than distant events. We feel this may have minimised the bias towards under-reporting. Over the last four decades, epidemiological studies have consistently used wheeze, shortness of breath, persistent nocturnal cough, and tightness of chest as marker symptoms of asthma. Though uncommon medical conditions such as cystic fibrosis and bronchiectasis may present with similar symptoms, it is very likely that the numbers are small. All the children in the study were examined by a paediatrician (TKN) and none of these children had overt evidence of either cystic fibrosis or bronchiectasis. Studies relying on a diagnostic test 236 are hospital based whereas this was a cross sectional community based study and we had constraints on the type of investigations that could be carried out. Long term prospective studies are needed for assessing effectiveness of control. This was designed as a prevalence study. We therefore have no information on effectiveness of control of persistent nocturnal cough. Finally, we would like to reiterate that persistent nocturnal cough in epidemiological studies is not a good marker for asthma. This is a different population of children when compared with those who clinicians see in hospital, where there is a greater tendency to diagnose asthma in this biased hospital population for very valid reasons.
Detection of structural mosaicism from targeted and whole-genome sequencing data

Structural mosaic abnormalities are large post-zygotic mutations present in a subset of cells and have been implicated in developmental disorders and cancer. Such mutations have been conventionally assessed in clinical diagnostics using cytogenetic or microarray testing. Modern disease studies rely heavily on exome sequencing, yet an adequate method for the detection of structural mosaicism using targeted sequencing data is lacking. Here, we present a method, called MrMosaic, to detect structural mosaic abnormalities using deviations in allele fraction and read coverage from next generation sequencing data. Whole-exome sequencing (WES) and whole-genome sequencing (WGS) simulations were used to calculate detection performance across a range of mosaic event sizes, types, clonalities, and sequencing depths. The tool was applied to 4,911 patients with undiagnosed developmental disorders, and 11 events in 9 patients were detected. In 8 of 11 cases, mosaicism was observed in saliva but not blood, suggesting that assaying blood alone would miss a large fraction, possibly more than 50%, of mosaic diagnostic chromosomal rearrangements.
Mental health systems transformation through participatory research and action: The Young Adult Appreciative Inquiry/Photovoice Project

Participatory action research and evaluation methods (PAR) have been used to help individuals to address a variety of challenges and improve the responsiveness of service systems to these challenges. To the present, however, few studies have examined applications of PAR in systems change advocacy for youth with mental health needs in the transition to adulthood (transitionage youth [TAY]). PAR may be especially beneficial in systems transformation efforts for this population, which lacks resources of other mental health system consumers for advocacy such as formal settings, specialized professional attention, and well established consumer organizations. The present paper describes how specific strategies for PAR, including Appreciative Inquiry and Photovoice, were employed in the Youth Appreciative Inquiry and Photovoice (YAP) project to: 1) gather perspectives of TAY in two statewide youth and family operated programs on needs and aspirations, current responsiveness of their programs and systems, and possible targets for program and system improvement; and 2) share these perspectives with stakeholders to effect change through a video. Findings on these perspectives as well as the impact of video showings are presented, and implications for systems change benefitting TAY and other populations facing systems-level challenges are discussed (191 words).
The effects of maternal smoking on early mucosal immunity and sensitization at 12 months of age

With the dramatic rise in asthma and respiratory disease, there is an urgent need to determine the effects of common environmental exposures on early immune development. In this study, we examined the effects of maternal smoking as a major adverse exposure in early life, on mucosal immune function and allergen sensitization in the first year of life. A cohort of 60 smokers and 62 non‐smokers was recruited in pregnancy, and followed prospectively at 3 and 12 months of age for saliva collection [for immunoglobulin (Ig) A measurements], urine collection (for cotinine levels) and clinical assessments (for allergy and infection history). Allergen skin‐prick tests were also performed at 12 months of age. Specific IgA to common colonizing bacteria was measured on saliva samples, including pneumococcal polysaccharide (PS) serotype 14 and non‐typeable Haemophilus influenza (NTHI) outer membrane protein 6 (OMP6). Eighty‐two mothers and their infants completed the 12‐month follow‐up period – 56 in the maternal non‐smoking group and 26 in the maternal smoking group. Maternal smoking was associated with significantly higher total infant salivary IgA at 12 months of age (p = 0.026), and more chronic upper respiratory tract symptoms (p = 0.012). However, there were no differences in the level of specific IgA antibodies to common colonizing bacteria (pneumococcal PS serotype 14 and NTHI OMP6). In general, the IgA levels at 12 months were higher in children who had more chest infections in the first year (Kendall's tau b, 0.282; p = 0.003). There was also a trend of lower respiratory tract symptoms (wheeze) (p = 0.142) in infants of smokers. There were no effects of maternal smoking on the rates of allergen sensitization, atopic dermatitis and food allergy at 12 months of age. In conclusion, maternal smoking did not inhibit the production of anti‐microbial IgA, suggesting that other factors are responsible for the increased susceptibility to infection in these infants. The increased mucosal inflammation in these children was not associated with effects on early allergy propensity.
Update Replication: What Every Designer Should Know

This articles looks specifically at the issues surrounding update replication where applications are free to update local copies of data, with the expectation that these updates will automatically be reflected in all other copies. It will discuss three general update replication configurations using examples to illustrate the typical limitations of each of these configurations. It will also offer advice on appropriate, and inappropriate, applications of this new technology.
Research on multi-parameter identification of PMSM based on model predictive control

Model predictive control (MPC) relies heavily on the accurate mathematical model which is usually difficult to be obtained. Parameters of permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) would be changed in real time and influenced by uncertain factors. For this purpose, this paper proposes a multiparameter identification strategy for PMSM based on MPC. The simulation is carried out and its results show that the accurate model of PMSM for MPC can be obtained and the impact of parameter errors can be eliminated by the proposed control method.
Postharvest Control of Table Grape Gray Mold on Detached Berries with Carbonate and Bicarbonate Salts and Disinfectants

The control of postharvest gray mold on detached table grape berries by treatment with carbonate and bicarbonate salt solutions, alone or with chlorine, ozone, or ethanol, was evaluated. Sodium carbonate (SC), potassium carbonate (PC), sodium bicarbonate (SBC), potassium bicarbonate (PBC), and ammonium bicarbonate (ABC) were tested without control of pH for their toxicity to spores of Botrytis cinerea in vitro, and the concentrations that stopped germination of 95% (EC 95 ) of the spores were 16, 17, 36, 58, and 163 mM, respectively. When bicarbonate solutions were adjusted to pH 7.2 (±0.2), the mean EC 95 concentrations for two B. cinerea strains of ABC, SBC, and PBC were 48, 102, and 112 mM, respectively. In 1.5 µg/ml of ozone in water, 50% and 95% mortality of spores of B. cinerea occurred after 21.3 and 35.6 sec, respectively. In tests to control gray mold on grapes, among the bicarbonates, each applied at 500 mM, ABC was significantly more effective than SBC and PBC. It was also superior to PC (100 mM) and chlorine (200 µg/ml) and equal in effectiveness to SC (100 mM) and ethanol (70% wt/vol). The addition of 200 µg/ml chlorine to the bicarbonate salts significantly decreased gray mold incidence. Ozone in water at 10µg/ml significantly controlled gray mold, although its efficacy was irregular and dependent on grape condition. Among all the treatments, berry condition was an important factor; for example, there was significant decrease in control when wounded berries were treated compared to unwounded berries. The quality of grapes after treatment with ABC, SBC, ethanol, and chlorine was acceptable; ozone in water caused minor rachis injury; while severe injuries, mostly brown spots on berries, occurred after SC, PC, and PBC treatments.
Fast least squares pursuits for sparse recovery

We present a new greedy strategy with an efficient implementation technique that enjoys similar computational complexity to OMP. Its recovery performance in the noise free and the Gaussian noise cases is comparable and in many cases better than other existing sparse recovery algorithms both with respect to their theoretical guarantees and empirical reconstruction performance. Our framework has other appealing properties. Convergence is always guaranteed even in the case that the recovery conditions are violated. In addition, our implementation method is useful for improving the computational cost of other methods such as orthogonal least squares (OLS).
Nonsingular detection and likelihood ratio for random signals in white Gaussian noise

This paper is concerned with the mathematical aspect of a detection problem (a random signal in white Gaussian noise). Specifically, we obtain a sufficient condition for nonsingular detection and derive a likelihood-ratio expression in terms of least-mean-square estimates. The problem itself is old, and the likelihood-ratio expression is also well known. The contribution of this paper is a relatively elementary and self-contained derivation of the likelihood-ratio expression as well as the nonsingularity condition.
Enhanced biliary gamma‐glutamyltransferase excretion following prolonged alcohol consumption in rats

Abstract. In order to study the question of whether chronic ethanol consumption may alter the biliary excretion of gamma‐glutamyltransferase (γ‐GT), female rats were pair‐fed nutritionally adequate liquid diets containing either ethanol (36% of total calories) or isocaloric carbohydrates for 24 days. Compared to pair‐fed controls, the administration of the alcohol‐containing diet resulted in an increased biliary excretion of γ‐GT (5·84±0·73 mU 6 h‐1 100 g‐1 b.w. vs. 8·82±0·79, P<0·001). This was associated with a corresponding enhanced biliary output of total bile acids. An apparent linear relation between the biliary output rates of γ‐GT and those of total bile acids was observed both in alcohol‐fed animals (r= 0·83) and in their pair‐fed controls (r= 0·95). In addition, there was a significant increase of gamma‐glutamyltransferase activities in the liver homogenate and in liver plasma membranes, both in fractions rich in bile canalicular and basolateral membranes and in those rich in blood sinusoidal site. Serum gamma‐glutamyltransferase activities as well as serum bile acid concentrations were also enhanced by 96·8% (P<0·001) and 233% (P<0·001), respectively. These data show that chronic alcohol consumption enhances hepatic γ‐GT activities, leading to an increased efflux of γ‐GT into the bile and possibly into the blood out of the liver cell. Furthermore, these data suggest the involvement of bile acids with their solubilizing properties for the biliary excretion of γ‐GT.
Shigellosis from swimming.

In Augsut 1974, 31 of 45 cases of Shigella sonnei infection in Dubuque, Iowa, were traced to swimming in an 8-km stretch of the Mississippi River. Comparison of the first case in each affected family with neighborhood controls showed a significant correlation between swimming and illness (P less than .0001). A significant association between diarrheal illness and swimming (P less than .0001) was also demonstrated by a retrospective survey of 60 families who had camped at a park beside the river; the attack rate for swimmers who got water in their mouths while swimming was 18%. They had been swimming in water where the mean fecal coliform count was 17,500 organisms per 100 ml; the federal recommended upper limit for swimming water is 200 per 100 ml. A water sample obtained at the park swimming area one month after authorities had banned swimming in the area yielded S sonnei with the same antibiogram, colicin type, and phage type as the isolates from six swimmers. ¿
Tumor clearance of technetium 99m-sestamibi as a predictor of response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy for locally advanced breast cancer.

PURPOSE Since we have previously shown that the efflux rate of technetium 99m (99mTc) sestamibi, a transport substrate of P-glycoprotein (Pgp), is directly correlated with Pgp levels in untreated breast carcinoma, we tested whether tumor clearance of 9mTc-sestamibi may be predictive of therapeutic response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy in patients with locally advanced breast cancer. PATIENTS AND METHODS Thirty-nine patients with stage III disease, median tumor diameter 5.8 cm (range, 3 to 10) were enrolled onto this prospective clinical trial and underwent 99mTc-sestamibi scan before neoadjuvant chemotherapy. Patients were injected intravenously (i.v.) with 740 MBq of 99mTc-sestamibi; a 15-minute dynamic study was performed, and static planar images were obtained at 0.5, 1, 2, and 4 hours. The time to half clearance of 99mTc-sestamibi was calculated in each patient from decay corrected time-activity curves using a monoexponential fitting. Patients were treated with epirubicin 150 mg/m2 i.v. every 2 weeks for three courses and then underwent surgery within 3 weeks from the completion of chemotherapy. Residual tumor was assessed by pathologic examination of mastectomy specimens. RESULTS Seventeen of 39 patients showed a rapid tumor clearance of 9mTc-sestamibi (time to half clearance [t1/2] < or = 204 minutes) and 15 of these 17 (88%) showed a highly cellular macroscopic residual tumor at histology that indicated lack of tumor response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy. In contrast, only eight of 22 (36%) with prolonged retention of 99mTc-sestamibi (t1/2 > 204 minutes) showed residual macroscopic tumor at histology (Fisher's exact test, P < .01). CONCLUSION A rapid tumor clearance of 99mTc-sestamibi may predict lack of tumor response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy with drugs affected by the multidrug-resistant phenotype in patients with locally advanced breast carcinoma.
The isolation and action of crystalline glyoxylic acid reductase from tobacco leaves.

An enzyme which catalyzes the oxidation of reduced pyridine nucleotides by glyoxylate has recently been detected in spinach leaves (1,2). This enzyme, glyoxylic acid reductase, was purified approximately lo-fold and was found to catalyze Reaction 1. It was further shown that Reaction 1 could be coupled to the reaction catalyzed by glycolic acid oxidase, a flavoprotein isolated from green leaves (l), which promotes Reaction 2 in the presence of catalase. The combination of Reactions 1 and 2 provides an effective means of transferring hydrogen from reduced pyridine nucleotides to mo-lecular oxygen, and this system of terminal respiration has been shown to operate in spinach leaf preparations and in model systems (1, 2). Glyoxylic acid reductase has now been detected in leaves of a number of species, tobacco leaves being an especially rich source. In order to study Reaction 1 in more detail, this enzyme has accordingly been prepared from tobacco leaves and purified until it separated in crystalline form.