Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Pervasive Intelligence The Tempo-Spatiality of Drone Swarms

This article seeks to situate collective or swarm robotics (SR) on a conceptual pane which on the one hand sheds light on the peculiar form of AI which is at play in such systems, whilst on the other hand it considers possible consequences of a widespread use of SR with a focus on swarms of Unmanned Aerial Systems (Swarm UAS). The leading hypothesis of this article is that Swarm Robotics create a multifold “spatial intelligence”, ranging from the dynamic morphologies of such collectives via their robust self-organization in changing environments to representations of these environments as distributed 4D-sensor systems. As is shown on the basis of some generative examples from the field of UAS, robot swarms are imagined to literally penetrate space and control it. In contrast to classical forms of surveillance or even “sousveillance”, this procedure could be called perveillance.
Impact of pH on the activity of co-used antimicrobials against resistant Escherichia coli strains of animal origin

In this study, combination antimicrobial therapy, due to its higher potential against resistant bacteria, was evaluated for the inhibition of multidrug-resistant E. coli strains. The influence of pH as an environmental variable on the activity of antimicrobial combinations was evaluated by calculating the factional concentration indexes at pH values 5.0, 6.0, 7.3, and 8.0. The highest synergistic activity rates of ceftriaxone + colistin, danofloxacin + colistin, danofloxacin + ceftiofur, and ceftiofur + gentamicin combinations were 50%, 33%, 100%, and 50%, respectively measured at ≥7.3 pH. The lowest synergistic activity rates for all combinations were observed at the acidic pH values of 5.0 and 6.0. The results of this study clearly demonstrated that acidic pH of the medium impaired the activity of the antimicrobial combinations. Although ceftriaxone and ceftiofur exert optimal activity at acidic pH values, the synergistic activity of the co-used drugs reached its highest level at pH ≥7.3.
Memory impairments and mental status in patients with migraine

Migraine is the second most common type of primary headache having a worldwide prevalence of 10-12% in the adult population. The disease is principally characterized by recurrent attacks of unilateral headache that typically last 4 to 72 hours, associated with other neurological symptoms in addition to pain, such as nausea, photophobia and fatigue as well as numerous disturbances in autonomic, mental, sensory and motor functions. Patients with migraine consistently show performance deficit on memory task, whether the material in question is verbal or non-verbal, recently learned item or older material. Aim: The study has been design to assess the memory deficit in migraine patients and it’s comparison to normal control group. Methods: The sample consists of 100 subjects, out of which 50 migraine patients diagnosed by neurologist and 50 normal controls without a history of headache have been included in the study. Mini Mental Status Examination and Wechsler memory scale (WMS III) have been used in the study. Results: Migraine patients performed poor in comparison to normal control on MMSE and subtest of WMS III. It has further been found that patients with migraine were having problems of immediate, recent and remote memory. They were having impaired logical memory in terms of conceptualizing theme of the story and had difficulty in learning and remembering the information. Conclusion: The present study suggests that patients with migraine might present higher risk of cognitive impairments, especially in certain neuropsychological domains such as orientation, logical memory and conceptualization.
The Sovereign Nation-State as a Contributor to Terrorism

The current crises associated with terrorism notwithstanding, in particular the shocking acts by individuals in the beheading of civilians as acts of revenge, there are issues with regard to the nation-state and its role in the ‘shaping’ of terrorism that have remained undisclosed. The active participation of individuals and/or groups and their forming of a reaction to the nation-state is what has remained at the forefront of the commentary. By its very nature, the focus on the reaction implies a dyad: the perpetual reinforcement of the nation-state as being just and reasonable, and that those who react against the nation-state and its laws/wisdoms are criminals. Hence, there has been no comment with regard to the ‘process’ – such as the systemic brutalisation of a populace as encountered by the ‘Marsh Peoples’ of southern Iraq under the Saddam Hussein regime, which caused them to rise up after the First Gulf War. To wit, governments need not acknowledge their role in creating terrorists, and terrorism. However, placing terrorism in perspective with regard to the nation-state provides a useful template and guide to what it consists ‘of. ’
Evolutionary Patterns in the Auxin Metabolism of Green Plants

The metabolism, transport, and action of the hormone auxin (indole‐3‐acetic acid; IAA) is thought to regulate the morphological processes responsible for generating the characteristic body plans of green plants. One objective of this study was to determine the general class of the IAA biosynthetic pathway operating in the vegetative apices of the liverwort Pallavicinia lyellii, the moss Polytrichum ohioense, and the pteridophyte Selaginella kraussiana. A new methodology, which is based on the relative ability of unlabeled tryptophan to affect the conversion of 14C‐anthranilate into labeled IAA, established that the predominant IAA biosynthetic pathway(s) in all these plants are tryptophan‐independent pathways. A second objective was to characterize auxin metabolism in the charophycean green alga Nitella sp. and the hornwort Phaeoceros laevis. Gas chromatography–mass spectrometry was used to measure the levels of free IAA and IAA conjugates, and thin‐layer chromatography was used to determine the nature of IAA conjugates and the rates of IAA conjugate biosynthesis. Growing tips of Nitella thalli have low steady state levels of free IAA and IAA conjugates. Moreover, this alga exhibits very slow rates of IAA conjugate formation, which indicates that its free IAA level is primarily regulated via the balance between the biosynthesis of new IAA molecules and the degradation of existing molecules, as has already been shown for liverworts. By contrast, apical regions of Phaeoceros thalli have much higher free IAA and IAA‐amide conjugate levels under steady state conditions. This hornwort has intermediate to rapid rates of conjugate formation, and, thus, it appears to regulate free IAA levels via the equilibrium between conjugate synthesis versus conjugate hydrolysis, as has repeatedly been observed for mosses and vascular plants. The data presented in this study lead to a more comprehensive perspective on the evolutionary patterns of auxin metabolism in green plants.
Customer Relationship Management: An Augment to Luxury Brand Value and Purchase Intention

Changing trends have raised the customers’ expectations with the products while it increases even more with the inculcation of the word “luxury” that is closely intertwined with image and reputation. And all this has raised the concern among marketers to induce value for their product(s) and services to sustain their brands in the market especially in India where the luxury industry is at the flourishing stage and is still looking for its pace among the potential customers. In this customer relationship management has served as a more refined approach adopted by the practitioners to induce preferential aspects of luxury products. This study examine the customer relationship management as an approach to brand value of luxury products which further creates purchase intention among customers. Primary and secondary data have been utilized to attain in depth knowledge the with respect to the luxury products.
The changes in physiological and biochemical traits of Tibetan wild and cultivated barley in response to low phosphorus stress

Abstract Low phosphorus (LP) limits crop growth and productivity in the majority of arable lands worldwide. Here, we investigated the changes in physiological and biochemical traits of Tibetan wild barleys (Hordeum vulgare L. ssp. spontaneum) XZ99 (LP tolerant), XZ100 (LP sensitive), and cultivated barley ZD9 (moderately LP tolerant) under two phosphorus (P) levels during vegetative stage. These genotypes showed considerable differences in the change of biomass accumulation, root/shoot dry weight ratio, root morphology, organic acid secretion, carbohydrate metabolism, ATPase (Adenosine triphosphatase) activity, P concentration and accumulation under LP in comparison with CK (control) condition. The higher LP tolerance of XZ99 is associated with more developed roots, enhanced sucrose biosynthesis and hydrolysis of carbohydrate metabolism pathway, higher APase (Acid phosphatase) and ATPase activity, and more secretion of citrate and succinate in roots when plants are exposed to LP stress. The results prove the potential of Tibetan wild barley in developing barley cultivars with high tolerance to LP stress and understanding the mechanisms of LP tolerance in plants.
Glutathione Cycle Impairment Mediates Aβ-induced Cell Toxicity

Alzheimer's disease is widely held to be associated with oxidative stress due, in part, to the action of amyloid beta-peptide (A beta). We observed that A beta 25-35 induced an increase in reactive oxygen species (ROS) in NT2 rho+ cells, leading to protein and lipid oxidation. This oxidative status was partially prevented by the antioxidants, vitamin E, reduced glutathione, and by melatonin. However, NT2 rho0 cells (that lack mitochondrial DNA) in the absence of A beta showed an increase in ROS production, lipid and protein oxidation, as compared with parental rho+ cells. Upon A beta 25-35 treatment, in rho+ cells, a decrease in glutathione reductase activity and in GSH levels was observed, whereas glutathione peroxidase activity was shown to be increased. In NT2 rho0 cells, in the absence of A beta, GSH levels were maintained, whereas glutathione reductase and peroxidase activities were increased. The exposure of A beta to rho0 cells did not induce any change in these parameters. We observed that melatonin prevented caspase activation and DNA fragmentation in rho+ cells treated with A beta. Considering the evidence presented, we argue that the glutathione cycle impairment is a key event in A beta-induced cell toxicity.
Effect of U.S. Macroeconomic News Surprises on Emerging Stock Markets

THE PURPOSE OF THIS RESEARCH IS TO EXAMINE THE EFFECTS OF U.S. MACROECONOMIC NEWS ANNOUNCEMENTS ON THREE EMERGING STOCK MARKETS IN LATIN AMERICA. INCORPORATING NEWS SURPRISES ON A LARGE AND NEW DATASET OF 253 MACROECONOMIC ANNOUNCEMENTS FOR THE PERIOD BETWEEN JANUARY 1990 TO JANUARY 2011, THIS STUDY FOCUSED ON FOUR TYPES OF MACROECONOMIC VARIABLES: CPI, PPI, NFP, UNEMP. THE RESULTS OF THIS RESEARCH INDICATE THAT U.S. MACROECONOMIC NEWS ANNOUNCEMENTS DO NOT HAVE A SIGNIFICANT EFFECT ON THE EMERGING STOCK MARKETS IN ARGENTINA, CHILE AND MEXICO. Student Name: Floris Driessen Administration Number: 100823 Supervisor Name: Ms. C. Sarisoy MSc Words: 6,000 Date: May 18, 2012 Bachelor Thesis Finance
LASEROPTISCHE UND NUMERISCHE UNTERSUCHUNG VON TAYLORWIRBELN EXPERIMENTAL LDV MEASUREMENTS AND NUMERCIAL RESEARCH ON TAYLOR VORTICES

Zwischen zwei rotierenden Zylindern entstehen, abhängig von den Winkelgeschwindigkeiten der Zylinder zueinander und den geometrischen Gegebenheiten, unterschiedliche Strömungsstrukturen. Grundlegende Untersuchungen dazu führte Taylor bereits 1923 durch. Der Übergang von laminarer Couetteströmung zu laminarer Taylorwirbelströmung wird durch die kritische Reynoldszahl beschrieben. Diese Stabilitätsgrenze wird von der Spaltweite, den beiden Winkelgeschwindigkeiten und der Viskosität des Fluids bestimmt. Bei der Überschreitung dieser Stabilitätsgrenze entstehen im Spalt ringförmige Wirbel über den gesamten Umfang. Die Anzahl dieser sogenannten Taylorwirbel ist in erster Linie abhängig vom Streckungsverhältnis des Systems. Das Streckungsverhältnis ist das Verhältnis von axialer Länge zur mittleren Spaltweite des Systems. Ein großes Streckungsverhältnis charakterisiert somit einen langen, schmalen Spalt zwischen den Zylindern. Da Taylorwirbel im Querschnitt näherungsweise eine kreisförmige Ausdehnung besitzen, entstehen bei großen Streckungsverhältnissen mehr Wirbel im Spalt als bei kleinen. Eigene experimentelle und numerische Untersuchungen zeigen, dass die Art und Weise, wie die überkritische Reynoldszahl erreicht wird, einen Einfluss auf die Wirbelanzahl hat. Beim kontinuierlichen Anfahren der kritischen Reynoldszahl über eine Rampenfunktion kann sich in Abhängigkeit vom Streckungsverhältnis eine andere Anzahl an Wirbeln ausbilden, als beim Erreichen der selbigen Reynoldszahl über eine Sprungfunktion. Im vorliegenden Beitrag werden Ergebnisse zu Untersuchungen über die Wirbelanzahl im konzentrischen Zylinderspalt in Abhängigkeit vom zeitlichen Verlauf der Rampenfunktion, des Streckungsverhältnisses und der Spaltweite vorgestellt. Die Wirbelzahl wird experimen-
Micro-Raman Characterizations of Some Wall Painting Samples

Anahtar kelimeler Raman mikroskopi, Spektroskopi, Pigment karakterizasyonu, Duvar resimleri Öz Sinop Balatlar Kilise Kompleksi'nden 15. -20. yüzyıllara tarihlenen toplam 16 duvar resmi örneği Raman mikroskobu ile incelenmiştir. Analiz edilen duvar resimlerinin pigment paleti kalsit, hematit, zincifre, götit, mimetit, lazurit, yeşil toprak ve karbondur. Palet az miktarda pigment içermekle birlikte, aydınlatmayı artırmak için farklı tonlarda bazı pigment karışımları yapılmıştır. Ayrıca, kırmızı kurşun pigmentinin bozunma ürünü olduğu düşünülen pilatnerit minerali tespit edilmiştir.
Horizontal gene transfer of plant-specific leucine-rich repeats between plants and bacteria

Leucine rich repeats (LRRs) are present in over 14,000 proteins that have been identified in viruses, bacteria, archaea, and eukaryotes. Two to sixty-two LRRs occur in tandem forming an overall arc shaped domain. There are eight classes of LRRs. Plant specific LRRs (class: PS-LRR) had previously been recognized in only plant proteins. However, we find that PS-LRRs are also present in proteins from bacteria. We investigated the origin of bacterial PS-LRR domains. PSLRR proteins are widely distributed in most plants; they are found in only a few bacterial species. There are no PS-LRR proteins from archaea. Bacterial PS-LRRs in twenty proteins from eleven bacterial species (in the three phyla: Proteobacteria, Cyanobacteria, and Bacteroidetes) are significantly more similar to the PS-LRR class than to the other seven classes of LRR proteins. Not only amino acid sequences but also nucleotide sequences of the bacterial PS-LRR domains show highly significant similarity with those of many plant proteins. The program, EGID (Ensemble algorithm for Genomic Island Detection), predicts that Synechococcus sp. CYA_ 1022 came from another organism. Four bacterial PS-LRR proteins contain AhpC-TSA, IgA peptidase M64, the immunoglobulin domain, the Calx-b domain, and the He_PIG domain; these domains show no similarity with any eukaryotic (plant) proteins, in contrast to the similarities of their respective PS-LRRs. The present results indicate that horizontal gene transfer (HGT) of genes/gene fragments encoding PS-LRR domains occurred between bacteria and plants, and HGT among the eleven bacterial species, of the three phyla, as opposed to descent from a common ancestor. There is the possibility of the occurrence of one HGT event from plant to bacteria. A series of HGTs might then have occurred recently and rapidly among these eleven species of bacteria.
Degradation of the cellulase of ruminal bacteria by the protease of coexisting bacteria in vitro.

The degradation of cellulase by protease was examined by using the 3 major species of cellulolytic ruminal bacteria. In the culture of each of the cellulolytic bacteria, the coexistence of the 4 major species of proteolytic ruminal bacteria decreased the cellulolysis and cellulase activity. Liberated cellulase was much more readily degraded by the mixed protease from the 4 species of proteolytic bacteria than cell-bound cellulase. The activity of liberated cellulase was approximately 10 times higher than the cell-bound cellulase, suggesting that the degradation of cellulase is considerably large. In the co-culture of mixed cellulolytics with mixed proteolytics, cellulolysis was increased by the addition of insoluble soybean protein. Similarly, neutral detergent fiber (NDF) digestion was enhanced by insoluble protein in the continuous culture of the mixed microbiota from the rumen of a goat. These results could be explained by the binding of protease to insoluble protein, which decreased the binding of protease to cellulase. There was no significant difference between pH7.0 and 6.0 in the degradation of cellulase by mixed protease. However, the degradation in the presence of avicel was greater at pH6.0 than 7.0, probably indicating that avicel-bound cellulase is resistant to proteolysis and the binding to avicel decreases at pH6.0.
COMPENSATION EFFECT IN KINETICS OF CRYSTALLIZATION IN DISORDERED MATERIALS

The paper presents the basic idea of the possible explanation of the compensation effect in crystallization processes in amorphous materials. The starting point of our consideration is the assumption that the crystallization processes and catalyzis are closely associated with diffusion. We suppose compensation effect for above mentioned phenomena to be the result of the compensation effect (or Meyer-Neldel rule) in diffusion. An understanding of the kinetics of crystallization in glasses is very important for practical application of disordered semiconductors. Many modern electronic solid-state devices such as electrophotographic photoreceptors employed in today’s photocopiers, solar cells, organic field-effect transistors (OFETs), and organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs) are generally based upon noncrystalline materials. Chalcogenide glasses are important group of these materials. They have become attractive materials, which form the basis for phase-change optical recording (CD and DVD) and electronic phasechange memory (PCM) technologies. The aim of research in this area is to increase the reliability of recording information, as well as increased density recording. Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) is valuable for the quantitative experimental study of crystallization processes in different glassy systems. Diffusion processes as we believe – have a considerable impact on the phenomena of chemical catalyzis. The paper shows the possible explanation of the validity of the compensation effect in the heterogenous catalytic phenomena using the simplified model.
RESPONSE OF BIRDS TO THINNING YOUNG DOUGLAS‐FIR FORESTS

Silvicultural practices, such as thinning, are increasingly performed both for commodity production and to help achieve biodiversity goals and promote ecological restoration. However, relatively little research has examined effects of thinning conifer forests on vertebrates. We experimentally manipulated stands using a randomized block design to evaluate influences of two thinning intensities on populations of diurnal breeding birds in western Oregon. We conducted point counts of birds seven times each year in 1994 (prior to treatment) and from 1995 through 2000 (subsequent to treatment). We analyzed data using multiple linear regression and information-theoretic approaches to model selection. Of the 22 species for which we had sufficient data for analysis, detections of nine species decreased and eight species increased in thinned stands relative to controls, and there was no strong evidence that thinning influenced numbers of five species. Of the 17 species that responded to thinning, the magnitude of response of eight species varied with thinning intensity; for each of these species, response was greatest in the more heavily thinned stands. Although no species was extirpated from stands following thinning, detections of Hutton's Vireos (Vireo huttoni), Golden-crowned Kinglets (Regulus satrapa), Brown Creepers (Certhia americana), Black-throated Gray Warblers (Dendroica nigrescens), and Varied Thrushes (Ixoreus naevius) decreased to less than half of the detections in controls in one or more treatment types, suggesting thinning significantly reduces their numbers. In contrast, American Robins (Turdus migratorius), Townsend's Solitaires (Myadestes townsendi), and Hammond's Flycatchers (Empidonax hammondii) were rare or absent in controls but regularly present in thinned stands, and detections of Western Tanagers (Piranga ludoviciana), Evening Grosbeaks (Coccothraustes vespertinus), and Hairy Woodpeckers (Picoides villosus) increased by threefold or more in thinned stands relative to controls. Only Pacific-slope Flycatchers (Empidonax difficilis), Warbling Vireos (Vireo gilvus), and Western Tanagers showed strong evidence of temporal trends in response. For these species, differences between numbers in controls and treated stands became more extreme through time. Our findings suggest that thinning densely stocked conifer stands in landscapes dominated by younger stands enhances habitat suitability for several species of birds, but that some unthinned patches and stands should be retained to provide refugia for species that are impacted by thinning.
Data Challenge: Data Augmentation for Rare Events in Multivariate Time Series (cid:63)

A real-world dataset from a pulp-and-paper manufacturing industry was provided in [1]. In this Data Challenge, we provide a data from the same source with a few diﬀerences with a focus on developing data augmentation techniques. The data contains binary labels corresponding to sheet breaks in a paper mill, and is extremely unbalanced (˜0.7% positive labels). The objective of the data challenge is to develop a data augmentation approach for a binary labeled rare event multivariate time series data. A guideline for using the data and method development is provided. The eﬃcacy of a method will be gauged based on the improvement in classiﬁcation accuracy after data augmentation.
Contributions of Year-Classes of Blue Pike to the Commercial Fishery of Lake Erie, 1943–59

The blue pike (Stizostedion vitreum glaucum) contributed about 12.7 million lb annually to the commercial production of fish in Lake Erie in 1915–59. Production averaged about 27% of the total for all species; in some years it exceeded 50%. The catch fluctuated greatly and was featured by a series of seven "highs" and "lows" during the 45-year period. The landings ranged between 2 million and 26 million lb; periods of peak production were 5 to 9 years apart. A sharp decline in the catch started in 1957. The take of 79,000 lb in 1959 was the lowest on record to that time.Age and size compositions of the catch were determined from samples of blue pike taken from commercial landings in the fall, 1943–59. Peaks in production in that period were attributed to a few strong year-classes separated by several weak year-classes. Of the 20 year-classes represented in the samples, those of 1944 and 1949 were by far the strongest; together they contributed 42% (by weight) of the fall blue pike production in 1943–59. T.
Effects of chronic exposure to ozone on soluble sugar and ascorbic acid contents of pine seedlings

Small seedlings of five pine species (Pinus strobus, echinata, elliottii, serotina, and taeda) were exposed to low levels of ozone for periods from 5 to 22 weeks. Exposure to 5 parts per hundred million ozone resulted in significant increases in total soluble carbohydrates, reducing sugars, and ascorbic acid. In seedlings exposed to 15 pphm ozone, soluble sugars were higher than in the controls but ascorbic acid levels were not.