Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Colchicine Mutagenesis from Long-term Cultured Adventitious Roots Increases Biomass and Ginsenoside Production in Wild Ginseng (Panax ginseng Mayer)

Panax ginseng Mayer is a perennial herb that has been used as a medicinal plant in Eastern Asia for thousands of years. The aim of this study was to enhance root biomass and ginsenoside content in cultured adventitious roots by colchicine mutagenesis. Adventitious P. ginseng roots were treated with colchicine at different concentrations (100, 200, and 300 mg·L−1) and for different durations (1, 2, and 3 days). Genetic variability of mutant lines was assessed using random amplification of polymorphic DNA (RAPD) analysis. Ginsenoside biosynthesis gene expression, ginsenoside content, enzyme activities, and performance in bioreactor culture were assessed in four mutant lines (100–1-2, 100–1-18, 300–1-16, and 300–2-8). The results showed that ginsenoside productivity was enhanced in all mutant lines, with mutant 100–1-18 exhibiting the most pronounced increase (4.8-fold higher than the control). Expression of some ginsenoside biosynthetic enzymes was elevated in mutant lines. Enzyme activities varied among lines, and lipid peroxidation activity correlated with root biomass. All four lines were suitable for bioreactor cultivation, with mutant 100–1-18 exhibiting the highest biomass after culture scale-up. The results indicated that colchicine mutagenesis of P. ginseng roots increased biomass and ginsenosides production. This technique, and the root lines produced in this study, may be used to increase industrial yields of P. ginseng biomass and ginsenosides.
New Insights into Paleoseismic Age Models on the Northern San Andreas Fault: Charcoal Inbuilt Ages and Updated Earthquake Correlations

Dendrochronological age constraints at the Hazel Dell (HD) paleoseismic site provide a means to explore the potential for systematic bias in age estimates of earthquakes in forested settings including the Santa Cruz Mountains section of the San Andreas fault, California. Age constraints developed from detrital charcoal are compared with absolute dates from dendrochronology. We develop a new method for estimating inbuilt layer ages that makes use of more than just the youngest radiocarbon dates in a given layer. The improved age model relates likely layer deposition dates with observed C14 ages. We find that for HD, the most likely charcoal sample (mean) is ∼322 yr older than the actual age of the deposit that contains it. With this correction, two historical Bay area earthquakes are confirmed to have ruptured the surface in 1838 and 1890. Earlier work based on similar charcoal dates proposed these ruptures occurred in the mid-1700s or earlier, but historical ages of these events are unequivocal because they rupture layers containing wood chips and a redwood stump from European logging at the site. This charcoal correction method also shifts the fourth earthquake, which is constrained only by detrital charcoal, ∼300 yr younger to A.D. ∼1266. Considering the full site record at HD, recurrence of ground rupture has averaged ∼150 yr for the last four events, not ∼250 yr as inferred from unadjusted C14. Our research shows that reasonable estimates of inbuilt age can be made for charcoal-dominated paleoseismic sites and that correcting for the inbuilt age can make a significant difference for earthquake ages and potential correlations with other sites on the fault. We also examine other common inputs to Bayesian age models and find when adequate uncertainty is not incorporated, modeled ages may exclude the actual age of the event of interest.
Enhanced optical activity in hyperbolic metasurfaces

The optical activity of achiral nonmagnetic uniaxial metasurfaces caused by the extrinsic chirality arising from the mutual orientation of their anisotropy axis and the light plane of incidence is studied. The hyperbolic regime of the metasurfaces manifests in the amplification of the polarization rotation in transmitted light and in the giant enhancement of the effect in reflected light. The transition to this regime is frequency dependent and has a topological nature. The key role in the optical activity enhancement belongs to the $\ensuremath{\sigma}$-near-pole and hyperbolic $\ensuremath{\sigma}$-near-zero regimes of the metasurfaces. The hyperbolic metasurfaces based on graphene strips or metal disks, and a black phosphorus thin film as a natural hyperbolic layer are considered. The efficiency of the predicted effects depends on the metasurface implementation and the role of a substrate. By varying the metasurface parameters and choosing the physical realizations it is possible to design such a hyperbolic metasurface polarizer for the THz, infrared, and visible working ranges. Our findings may help to improve metasurface polarizers by using them in the hyperbolic regime.
Effect of Sulfamethoxazole on Lipid Contents in Various Tissues of few Freshwater Fishes

Freshwater fishes, Channa striatus were exposed to acute dose of sulfamethoxazole one of the cheapest ingredients of sulpha drugs (174.80 ppm) and Channa marulius (136.29 pppm) up to 72 hours and chronic dose to Channa striatus of the same antibiotics (34.96 ppm) and to Channa marulius was (27.25 ppm) up to 2 days. The total lipid content was estimated after 24 and 72 hours of acute treatment and 7, 14 and 2 1 days of chronic treatment in the intestine, kidney, gill s, ovary, testis, liver, muscles of the fishes. Aft er acute and chronic exposure of sulfamethoxazole, C. striatus and C. marulius were showed increase in lipid contents . Ovary showed maximum response due to treatment of sulfamethoxazole. The increase in lipid contents ma y be due to the lipogenesis occurring in the ovary fo r production of gametes.
Eutectic Anomaly of Compound Forming Bi-Te Liquids Studied by Electrical Resistivity Measurements

The electrical resistivity, ρ, of compound forming Bi-Te system in the liquid state was studied by the dc-four probe method. Anomalous behavior of p around the intermetallic compound Bi 2 Te 3 in the previous study was notfound. Anomalous behaviors of the temperature dependence of p, dp/dT, were found both at two eutectic compositions in this system. These behaviors were discussed based on the effective medium theory of electrical conduction. The concentration fluctuation at the eutectic composition (90 at %Te) grows in the homogeneous liquid phase with the approach to the eutectic temperature.
Analysis of "Bimbam", a novel glucocorticoid-induced BH3-only transcript in cell lines and children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia

Glucocorticoids (GCs) induce apoptosis and cell cycle arrest in lymphoid cells and are fundamental components of therapeutic regimens of acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). We previously identified a panel of GC-induced candidate genes in children with ALL and in other biological systems using whole genome expression profiling. Of those, a novel transcript from the BCL2L11/Bim locus, named \"Bimbam\", was functionally analyzed in the current study. The postulated Bimbam mRNA consists of the 5' portion of Bim including the BH3-containing exon 8 and the 3' portion of Bam, a small 2-exon gene embedded in the BCL2L11/Bim locus. The expression and GC induction of Bimbam were similar to those of the combined Bim transcripts in ALL cell lines. The functional analysis with recombinant Bimbam constructs reflected that it induced massive apoptosis on its own and its killing capacity is similar to that of Bim. The localization data indicated that contrary to Bim, which localized preferentially to mitochondria via its C-terminal domain, Bimbam localized to mitochondria and also to other intracytoplasmic membranes. Therefore, it may be responsible for some of the effects previously ascribed to the known Bim transcripts irrespective of the fact that its C-terminus is absolutely different than Bim's C-terminus.
Toxicity symptoms of nickel in common bean 1 Sintomas de toxidez de níquel em feijoeiro

Despite the importance of nickel (Ni) in the N metabolism of legumes, common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) is considered very sensitive to Ni doses. The objective in this study was to characterize the toxicity symptoms of Ni in common bean cv. Pérola. The experiment was conducted in greenhouse in the campus of the Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense Darcy Ribeiro, Campos dos Goytacazes RJ. Solutions containing 0; 20; 40; 60 and 100 mg L of Ni, in the form of nickel chloride hexahydrate (NiCl 2 .6H 2 O), were applied to shoots of common bean plants at the rate of 2.5 mL of solution per plant of common bean, 25 days after sowing. Plants of common bean treated with 0; 20; 40 and 60 mg L of Ni showed no toxicity symptoms. Plants treated with 100 mg L of Ni showed chlorotic leaves with gray spots that coalesced and became necrotic in a more advanced stage.
An Empirical Study on the Use of Defect Prediction for Test Case Prioritization

Test case prioritization has been extensively re-searched as a means for reducing the time taken to discover regressions in software. While many different strategies have been developed and evaluated, prior experiments have shown them to not be effective at prioritizing test suites to find real faults. This paper presents a test case prioritization strategy based on defect prediction, a technique that analyzes code features – such as the number of revisions and authors — to estimate the likelihood that any given Java class will contain a bug. Intuitively, if defect prediction can accurately predict the class that is most likely to be buggy, a tool can prioritize tests to rapidly detect the defects in that class. We investigated how to configure a defect prediction tool, called Schwa, to maximize the likelihood of an accurate prediction, surfacing the link between perfect defect prediction and test case prioritization effectiveness. Using 6 real-world Java programs containing 395 real faults, we conducted an empirical evaluation comparing this paper's strategy, called G-clef, against eight existing test case prioritization strategies. The experiments reveal that using defect prediction to prioritize test cases reduces the number of test cases required to find a fault by on average 9.48% when compared with existing coverage-based strategies, and 10.4% when compared with existing history-based strategies.
Flexible Low-Rank Statistical Modeling with Missing Data and Side Information

We explore a general statistical framework for low-rank modeling of matrix-valued data, based on convex optimization with a generalized nuclear norm penalty. We study several related problems: the usual low-rank matrix completion problem with flexible loss functions arising from generalized linear models; reduced-rank regression and multi-task learning; and generalizations of both problems where side information about rows and columns is available, in the form of features or smoothing kernels. We show that our approach encompasses maximum a posteriori estimation arising from Bayesian hierarchical modeling with latent factors, and discuss ramifications of the missing-data mechanism in the context of matrix completion. While the above problems can be naturally posed as rank-constrained optimization problems, which are nonconvex and computationally difficult, we show how to relax them via generalized nuclear norm regularization to obtain convex optimization problems. We discuss algorithms drawing inspiration from modern convex optimization methods to address these large scale convex optimization computational tasks. Finally, we illustrate our flexible approach in problems arising in functional data reconstruction and ecological species distribution modeling.
Benefits of Vine Leaf on Different Biological Systems

For centuries, the therapeutic benefits of grapes and other byproducts have been empirically used for medical purposes such as bleeding, pain, inflammation nausea, diarrhea, gastroenteritis, or skin diseases. Moderated intake of the red wine improves parameters as blood lipids, endothelial dysfunction, platelet aggregation, and other risk factors for cardiovascular disease. However, few studies have been explored the potential benefits from vine byproducts. Vine leaves, a waste product from the vine, are also rich source of polyphenols and other therapeutic compounds. In this chapter, we explored the therapeutic properties from vine leaf in different biological systems.
Intrinsic Motivation as a Mediator on Accounting Information System Adoption

This paper investigated intrinsic motivation as a mediating factor of the relationship between CEO characteristics and accounting information system adoption in the SMEs of Libya. The adoption model with mediation was tested with a sample of 348 top level managers and owners of SMEs. Understanding the main determinants of accounting information system adoption for SMEs is very crucial, whereas characteristics of CEO play a significant role in identifying users’ behavioural intention for technology adoption. For this purpose, structural equation modelling approach was applied using quantitative research design. Findings supported intrinsic motivation as partially mediating between CEO’s characteristics and users’ behavioural intention. Therefore, motivating users intrinsically by providing knowledge, innovativeness and trust will have an effect on Accounting information system (AIS) implementation in the organisational context.
THE EFFECT OF SUPPLY CHAIN MANAGEMENT ON COMPETITIVE ADVANTAGE AND FIRM PERFORMANCE (Case Study: The Fish Processing Industry in Bitung North Sulawesi Province in Indonesia)

Supply Chain Management (SCM) has been recognized as a strategy that could lead firm to gain competitive advantage, other than to achieve greater firm performance. This study aimed to analyze the effect of supply chain management to competitive advantage and firm performance, the effect of competitive advantage and firm performance and influence on the performance of SCM in Firm through a competitive advantage in the fish processing industry in Bitung North Sulawesi Province. Research conceptualizes and develops three dimensions of SCM practice (customer relationship management, internal supply chain management, supplier relationship, management) and tests the relationships between SCM, competitive advantage, and firm performance. Data for the study were collected from 21 firm and the relationships proposed in the framework were tested using partial least square (PLS) The results indicate that SCM, which consists of three dimensions of customer relationship management, internal supply chain management and supplier relationship management, has a positive impact on competitive advantage and performance, competitive advantage has positive effect on the performance and the firm's performance depends on the competitive advantages of each of the fish processing industry. SCM in the industry of fish processing in the city of Bitung in North Sulawesi has positive effect on competitive advantage of firm. As for the performance of the enterprise, SCM also direct effect. The performance of fish processing firm directly been affected by the competitive excellence and SCM practice Keywords: Supply chain management; Competitive Advantage; Firm Performance; Partial least Square
Improving Tourism Innovation Performance: Linking Perspectives of Asset Specificity, Intellectual Capital, and Absorptive Capacity

This study seeks to better understand the link of a tourism firm’s intellectual capital to innovation performance, empirically testing the mediating role of absorptive capacity and moderating effect of asset specificity. Findings from 217 Chinese tourism firms indicate that absorptive capacity plays a mediating role in the capital–performance link, and the effect of social capital to absorptive capacity is highest when asset specificity is at an intermediate level, having an inverted “U” shape. The result indicates that the effect of the human capital is “U” shape with asset specificity. Thus, the findings make a few new important insights to the tourism innovation literature and also offer a number of vital implications for tourism managerial practices.
Point by point response to the reviewers - revision

Despite of their importance for sea-level rise, seasonal water availability, and as ::::: being : a : source of geohazards, mountain glaciers are one of the few remaining sub-systems of the global climate system for which no globally applicable, open source, community-driven model exists. Here we present the Open Global Glacier Model (OGGM, www.oggm.org), developed to provide a modular and open source numerical model framework for simulating past and future change of any glacier in the world. 5 The modelling chain comprises data downloading tools (glacier outlines, topography, climate, validation data), a preprocessing module, a mass-balance model, a distributed ice thickness estimation model, and an ice flow model. The monthly mass-balance is obtained from gridded climate data and a temperature index melt model. To our knowledge, OGGM is the first global model explicitly simulating glacier dynamics: the model relies on the shallow ice approximation to compute the depth-integrated flux of ice along multiple connected flowlines. In this paper, we describe and illustrate each processing step by applying the 10 model to a selection of glaciers before running global simulations under idealized climate forcings. Even without an in-depth calibration, the model shows a very realistic behaviour. We are able to reproduce earlier estimates of global glacier volume by varying the ice dynamical parameters within a range of plausible values. At the same time, the increased complexity of OGGM compared to other prevalent global glacier models comes at a reasonable computational cost: several dozens of ::::: dozen glaciers can be simulated on a personal computer, while global simulations realized in a supercomputing environment take up 15 to a few hours per century. Thanks to the modular framework, modules of various complexity can be added to the codebase, allowing to run ::::: which ::::: allows : new kinds of model intercomparisons ::::: studies : in a controlled environment. Future developments will add new physical processes to the model as well as tools to calibrate the model in a more comprehensive way ::::::::: automated ::::::::: calibration :::: tools. :::::::::: Extensions :: or ::::::::: alternative :::::::::::::: parameterizations :::: can :: be ::::: easily ::::: added ::: by ::: the ::::::::: community :::::: thanks :: to : a ::::::::::::: comprehensive :::::::::::: documentation. OGGM spans a wide range of applications, from ice-climate interaction studies at millenial time scales to 20
Industrial Relations as a Source of Social Policy: A Typology of the Institutional Conditions for Industrial Agreements on Social Benefits

The article’s starting point is that the now-conventional conceptualization of welfare state retrenchment as a shift from state provision of income support to market processes is misleading. Rather, state provision may be replaced by benefits negotiated collectively by trade unions and employers. As a first step to further investigate this development the article suggests a typology of institutional contexts within which industrial agreements on social benefits emerge. This typology is based on Thomas H. Marshall’s distinction between political and industrial citizenship. Following the comparative method of the ‘parallel demonstration of theory’, the typology is applied to four countries where collective agreements on social benefits have recently been concluded, namely Denmark, France, the Netherlands and Germany. It is argued that, on the one hand, the state’s activity or passivity in labour relations and, on the other hand, the timing of the institutionalization of political and industrial citizenship is decisive for the development of collectively negotiated benefits. The conclusion for comparative welfare state research is that, when viewing policies of welfare state retrenchment, the research should systematically include industrial relations and their historical trajectories in its frame of reference.
Mini-LED and Micro-LED: Promising Candidates for the Next Generation Display Technology

Displays based on inorganic light-emitting diodes (LED) are considered as the most promising one among the display technologies for the next-generation. The chip for LED display bears similar features to those currently in use for general lighting, but it size is shrunk to below 200 microns. Thus, the advantages of high efficiency and long life span of conventional LED chips are inherited by miniaturized ones. As the size gets smaller, the resolution enhances, but at the expense of elevating the complexity of fabrication. In this review, we introduce two sorts of inorganic LED displays, namely relatively large and small varieties. The mini-LEDs with chip sizes ranging from 100 to 200 μm have already been commercialized for backlight sources in consumer electronics applications. The realized local diming can greatly improve the contrast ratio at relatively low energy consumptions. The micro-LEDs with chip size less than 100 μm, still remain in the laboratory. The full-color solution, one of the key technologies along with its three main components, red, green, and blue chips, as well color conversion, and optical lens synthesis, are introduced in detail. Moreover, this review provides an account for contemporary technologies as well as a clear view of inorganic and miniaturized LED displays for the display community.
Modeling and Simulation of Photovoltaic Module in MATLAB

-This paper defines a novel and simplified electrical based mathematical modelling and its MATLAB simulation of photovoltaic cell in order to estimate the physical and electrical behaviour of the PV cell with respect to changes on environmental parameter of temperature and irradiance. An accurate PV module is presented based on the electrical characteristics of PV module. The general model was implemented on MATLAB script file, and the same is modelled using MATLAB SIMULINK which accepts irradiance and temperature as variable parameters and outputs the I-V characteristic. Based on the I–V curves of a photovoltaic (PV) module, it can be used to improve PV module performance for different engineering applications. Five parameters are introduced in this model to account for the complex dependence of the PV module performance upon solar-irradiance intensity and PV module temperature. Accordingly, the most important parameters, i.e. the shortcircuit current, open-circuit voltage, fill factor and maximum power-output of the PV module, may be determined under different solar irradiance intensities and module temperatures. This model is simple and especially useful for engineers to calculate the actual performances of the PV modules under operating conditions, with limited data provided by the PV module manufacturers needed. Keywords--Photovoltaic Module, Photovoltaic Cell, MATLAB, Short Circuit Current, Open Circuit Voltage, Modeling, Simulation __________________________________________________
Utilising Correlated Information to Improve the Sustainability of Internet of Things Devices

Billions of low-power devices collecting information will be deployed in Internet of Things (IoT) networks. By taking advantage of the correlation exhibited in information collected, it is possible to improve sensors’ energy efficiency. In this paper, we propose an updating mechanism capable of learning from the content of information collected to reduce the frequency with which devices transmit their updates, thus improving their energy efficiency. We show the potential gain of using correlated information and evaluate the proposed updating mechanism using data obtained from real sensing devices to determine the increase in energy efficiency.