Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Changing the lexicon of ‘Cardiac Rehabilitation’: a progressive step

The questioning by Ting et al. of the use of the term ‘cardiac rehabilitation’ is insightful and timely. Continued use of this term is at odds with evolving modern risk reduction programmes, exemplified by diabetes care. The term ‘rehabilitation’ conveys an intervention from which the patient is ‘rehabilitated’. Rather than a time-limited rehabilitation period, contemporary coronary heart disease (CHD) management seeks to reduce cardiovascular risk via life-long behaviour change and ongoing care. However, revising the macro-label alone fails to recognize the severity and underlying causes of the low use of cardiac rehabilitation. From the plethora of guidelines and position statements, it is easier to prescribe pharmacotherapy or perform interventional procedures than to encourage participation in a continuing disease management programme such as cardiac rehabilitation; or is it? Ting et al. suggest that cardiac rehabilitation is considered less important by mainstream cardiology because patients are unaware of its existence, benefits, and relevance. Whilst true, it also must also be recognized that large numbers of patients who are aware of its existence and benefits still decide not to participate. Utilization of centre-based cardiac rehabilitation services is strongly influenced by many additional factors, among them the large distance which most patients have to travel to programmes and their sex and age. In addition to programme labelling, we contend that under-utilization of cardiac rehabilitation is due to poor evidence translation secondary to the complexity of the evidence base and the lengthy timeline in adopting research findings into clinical practice. In particular, while evidence supporting more flexible and accessible home and community-based secondary prevention approaches to the management of chronic CHD is compelling its implementation lags. Given the strong evidence base, a broad implementation strategy for more accessible and effective services is urgently required. Use of more inclusive labelling such as ‘ongoing prevention’, ‘cardiac risk management programmes’, ‘cardiac secondary prevention’, or other terms is a progressive step. Adopting any one of these terms may help cover the gamut of proven secondary prevention strategies. However, we stress, this must be part of a wider strategy that promotes evidence translation; e.g. use of popular opinion leaders, oneto-one educational sessions on programme benefits, decision support tools, and small group problem based learning.
Development of afferent patterns in the inferior colliculus of the rat: Projection from the dorsal nucleus of the lateral lemniscus

The inferior colliculus (IC) receives a variety of layered afferent projections. The purpose of the present study was to determine the development of the projection from the dorsal nucleus of the lateral lemniscus (DNLL) to the IC in rat prior to the onset of hearing (postnatal day 12/13). Lipophilic carbocyanine dye, DiI (1,1′‐dioctodecyl‐3,3,3′,3′‐tetramethylindocarbocyanine perchlorate), was used to trace the crossed inhibitory projection of DNLL in a developmental series of rat embryos and pups between ages embryonic day 15 (E15) and postnatal day 12 (P12). Dye‐coated pins were positioned in paraformaldehyde‐fixed brains either unilaterally in DNLL (embryonic cases), or in the commissure of Probst where DNLL fibers cross the midline (postnatal cases). By E15, pioneer fibers have left DNLL and crossed the midline. A few fibers have nearly reached the contralateral IC by E19. At birth (E22 = P0), the projection has invaded ventromedial, high‐frequency layers of the IC. The vast majority of DNLL axons parallel the presumptive IC layers by P4, and by P8 the projection has segregated into a pattern of bands (afferent dense) and interband (afferent sparse) spaces that encompasses the entire frequency axis of the IC. Adult‐like patches, regions along afferent bands that exhibit the heaviest labeling, develop by P12. These results indicate that some mature projection patterns are in place prior to the onset of hearing. Such findings suggest that evoked activity may not be required for the initial organization of patterned projections in the ascending auditory pathway. J. Comp. Neurol. 416:368‐382, 2000. © 2000 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Experience of the Air Medical Evacuation Team of Serbian Armed Forces in the United Nations Mission in the Democratic Republic of Congo--Deployment stress and psychological adaptation.

BACKGROUND/AIM Wars of the nineties in former Yugoslavia, Somalia, Rwanda imposed new tasks to the United Nations (UN) forces, such as providing humanitarian aid, protection of civilians, peacekeeping, and in many instances providing armed enforcement of peace. The aim of this study was an observational analysis of Serbian participation in the UNs Mission in the Democratic Republic of Congo with the emphasis on stress and coping techniques. METHODS Serbian contribution in this mission dates back to April 2003 till the present days with a military contingent consisting of six members as a part of Air Medical Evacuation Team. The observed stressogenous factors acted before arrival to the mission area and in the mission area. In this paper we analysed ways to overcome them. RESULTS The productive ways of overwhelming stress used in this mission were: honesty and openness in interpersonal communications, dedication to work, maintaining discipline and order, strict following of appropriate regime of work, diet, rest and recreation; regular communication with family and organizing and participation in various social, cultural and sports manifestations. CONCLUSION This analysis indicates that out of all the observed factors, the most important is appropriate selection of personnel.
NFI-B3, a Novel Transcriptional Repressor of the Nuclear Factor I Family, Is Generated by Alternative RNA Processing*

Nuclear factor I (NFI) proteins constitute a family of sequence-specific transcription factors whose functional diversity is generated through transcription from four different genes (NFI-A, NFI-B, NFI-C, and NFI-X), alternative RNA splicing, and protein heterodimerization. Here we describe a naturally truncated isoform, NFI-B3, which is derived from the human NFI-B gene, in addition to characterizing further human NFI-B1 and NFI-B2, two differentially spliced variants previously isolated from hamster and chicken. Although NFI-B1 and NFI-B2 proteins are translated from an 8.7-kilobase message, the mRNA for NFI-B3 has a size of only 1.8 kilobases. The NFI-B3 message originates from the failure to excise the first intron downstream of the exons encoding the DNA binding domain and subsequent processing of this transcript at an intron-internal polyadenylation signal. The translation product includes the proposed DNA binding and dimerization domain and terminates after translation of two additional “intron” encoded codons. In SL-2 cells, which are void of endogenous NFI, NFI-B3 by itself had no effect on transcriptional regulation and failed to bind DNA. Coexpression of NFI-B3 with other isoforms of the NFI-B, -C, and -X family, however, led to a strong reduction of transcriptional activation compared with the expression of these factors alone. Gel shift analysis indicated that NFI-B3 disrupts the function of other NFI proteins by reducing their DNA binding activity by heterodimer formation. The efficiency of NFI-B3 heterodimers to bind to DNA correlated with the degree of transcriptional repression. The abundance of NFI-B transcripts varied significantly between different human cell lines and tissues, suggesting a potential involvement of these factors in the complex mechanisms that generate cell type specificity.
Superconductivity of one-unit-cell thick YBa2Cu3O7 thin film.

We have found for the first time that superconductivity can occur in a one-unit-cell-thick layer of YBa{sub 2}Cu{sub 3}O{sub 7} (YBCO). The layer is grown, while monitoring with RHEED oscillations, on a superconducting PrBa{sub 2}Cu{sub 3}O{sub 7} (PrBCO) buffer layer and covered by a PrBCO layer by reactive evaporation. A reduction of the onset temperature is found to be mainly due to a decrease of the hole carriers but not due to the absence of interlayer couplings. This covering PrBCO layer has been found to provide the YBCO layer with carrier holes sufficient to induce superconductivity.
Occurrence of Feline Immunodeficiency Virus and Feline Leukemia Virus infection in cats.

Problem statement: The objective of the present study was to evaluate occurrence of the Feline Immunodeficiency Virus (FIV) and the Feline Leukemia Virus (FeLV) infection in asymptomatic domestic cats in the metropolitan region of Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, using the Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) for FIV detection and SNAP Combo Plus for FeLV and FIV detection. Approach: Blood samples were collected from the jugular vein of 78 healthy cats, mixed breeds and ages and both sexes. Specific primers were designed for PCR to amplify a 244 bp fragment of FIV gag gene. Results: Five animals (6.41%) were positive by PCR and three animals (3.85%) were positive by SNAP Combo Plus for FIV and 14 animals were positive for FeLV (17.95%). Conclusion: These results suggest that there is a significant occurrence of asymptomatic infected animals which may serve as potential transmitters of FIV and FeLV.
On an Isoperimetric Problem with a Competing Nonlocal Term II: The General Case

This paper is the continuation of a previous paper (H. Knüpfer and C. B. Muratov, Comm. Pure Appl. Math. 66 (2013), 1129–1162). We investigate the classical isoperimetric problem modified by an addition of a nonlocal repulsive term generated by a kernel given by an inverse power of the distance. In this work, we treat the case of a general space dimension. We obtain basic existence results for minimizers with sufficiently small masses. For certain ranges of the exponent in the kernel, we also obtain nonexistence results for sufficiently large masses, as well as a characterization of minimizers as balls for sufficiently small masses and low spatial dimensionality. The physically important special case of three space dimensions and Coulombic repulsion is included in all the results mentioned above. In particular, our work yields a negative answer to the question if stable atomic nuclei at arbitrarily high atomic numbers can exist in the framework of the classical liquid drop model of nuclear matter. In all cases the minimal energy scales linearly with mass for large masses, even if the infimum of energy cannot be attained. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Nature and Origins of Phosphorus Compounds in Isolated Cell Walls of Staphylococcus aureus

Preparations of purified cell walls from Staphylococcus aureus were shown to contain small amounts of phospholipid and glycerol teichoic acid. Since these are components of the cell membrane, it is probable that the wall itself contains no lipid, but does retain fragments of membrane because of physical connections between wall and membrane. In walls of S. aureus strain 52A5, which completely lacks ribitol teichoic acid, the only phosphorylated compound identified as a genuine wall component was a phosphorylated derivative of murein that gave rise to muramic acid phosphate on acid hydrolysis. Muramic acid phosphate was also identified in hydrolysates of walls from S. aureus H and strain 52A2.
Brain Development and the E.E.G. of Normal Children of Various Ethnical Groups

where impotence or a disorder of ejaculation had persisted from the first attempt at heterosexual coitus. If a constitutional factor is of importance in the aetiology of these disorders, then it may be more relevant in cases of early onset than in cases of late onset. In the latter group, where the disorder of sexual potency developed after a period of normal heterosexual coitus, the aetiology was more often part of a psychogenic reaction to environmental factors. In Table III the androgyny scores of early-onset impotence and late-onset impotence are compared with the control group. A significant difference is seen to exist between the androgyny measurements of the early-onset and control groups.
Nanotechnology controlled drug delivery for treating bone diseases

Rapid developments at the intersection of nanotechnology and controlled drug delivery have triggered exceptional growth in treating various bone diseases. As a result, over the past decade, nanotechnology has contributed tremendously to controlling drug delivery for treating various bone diseases, and in many cases, has led to increased bone regeneration. In this review paper, the recent experimental progress towards using nanotechnology to treat bone-specific diseases is reviewed. Novel applications of different types of nanomaterials (from nanoparticles to 3D nanostructured scaffolds) for treating bone diseases are summarized. In addition, fundamental principles for utilizing nanomaterials to create better drug delivery systems, especially for treating bone diseases and regenerating bone, are emphasized.
Approaches to mapping the temporal events in the cell cycle using conditional lethal mutants

A variety of conditional lethal cell cycle mutants of either mouse or hamster cell lines have now been isolated (see Basilico, '77 for a review of these cell lines). Temperature sensitive cell lines apparently blocked in cytokinesis (Hatzfeld and Buttin, '751, karyokinesis (Wang, '751, progression through G1 (Burstin e t al., '74; Liskay, '741, entry into the S period (Roscoe et al., '73; Smith and Wigglesworth, '73) and the replication of cellular DNA (Thompson et al., '70; Slater and Ozer, '76) are now available. Given the existence of such mutants, the question now becomes-how can these conditional lethal mutants be used to dissect the series of events that must occur as a cell progresses through its division cycle? What are the available methods that permit one to map the temporal events of the cell cycle using conditional lethal mutants? A number of genetic and biochemical approaches have been employed to answer this question. This paper will review these different approaches, used in a variety of systems, and suggest how these methods can be applied to obtain a better understanding of the mammalian cell cycle. Because many of the experimental approaches employed in mapping the events of the cell cycle rest upon assumptions of how the cell cycle is regulated, i t will be useful to conclude with a discussion of these assumptions and the limitations of such approac hes.
Hypocalcemia during porcine endotoxemic shock: Effects of calcium administration

ObjectiveTo evaluate the pathophysiology involved in hypocalcemia in septic shock and to investigate the value of calcium administration. DesignProspective, randomized placebo-controlled trial with parallel groups. SettingAnimal research laboratory at the University Hospital of Uppsala. SubjectsTwenty-four pigs aged 12–14 wks receiving general anesthesia. InterventionsTwenty pigs received endotoxin infusion (10 &mgr;g/kg/hr) for 6 hrs. Ten of these pigs also received a calcium infusion (20 mmol total) in parallel. Four control pigs received only saline. Measurements and Main ResultsAt the end of the study, blood ionized calcium (Ca2+) had declined from 1.32 ± 0.04 mmol/L (mean ± sd) to 1.09 ± 0.06 mmol/L in pigs receiving endotoxin (p < .05 vs. controls) compared with 1.38 ± 0.04 mmol/L to 1.25 ± 0.07 mmol/L in controls and 1.39 ± 0.03 mmol/L to 1.24 ± 0.07 mmol/L in endotoxemic pigs receiving calcium. In both endotoxemic groups, total calcium levels in ascites were increased by 56% (p < .005 vs. controls), and an accumulation of calcium in the liver was mainly seen in the endotoxemic group receiving calcium (p < .008 vs. controls). Total Ca2+ levels in adiposal tissue and skeletal muscle were similar in all groups. Calcium administration did not significantly alter systemic hemodynamics or survival in this model of septic shock (four survivors in the endotoxemic group and five in the calcium administration group). ConclusionsEndotoxemia in the pig rapidly induced hypocalcemia. Calcium accumulation was found in ascites and in the liver, but not in other examined tissues. Calcium administration, restoring the Ca2+ concentration, did not improve hemodynamics or survival in this model of hypodynamic sepsis. Porcine endotoxemic shock, which replicates human septic shock, seems to be suitable for evaluating calcium turnover.
Regulation of the Association of p120cbl with Grb2 in Jurkat T Cells*

The c-cbl protooncogene product (p120cbl) is a known substrate of multiple tyrosine kinases. It is found in complexes with critical signal transduction molecules, including the linker protein Grb2. Here, we demonstrate using an immobilized Grb2-binding peptide that the Grb2-p120cbl complex dissociates in vivo following engagement of the T-cell antigen receptor in Jurkat T-cells. The early kinetics of this dissociation correlate with the known time course of tyrosine phosphorylation of p120cbl and other substrates. This dissociation persists in vivo even when p120cbl becomes dephosphorylated to basal levels. However, this decreased association is not observed in protein overlay assays on nitrocellulose membranes in which a Grb2 fusion protein is used to detect p120cbl from stimulated or unstimulated cells. These data suggest that the tyrosine phosphorylation of p120cbl does not completely account for the regulation of its association with Grb2. Additionally, we used truncation mutations of p120cbl to map the p120cbl-Grb2 interaction to amino acids 481-528 of p120cbl; this interaction is stronger in longer constructs that include additional proline-rich motifs. The in vivo regulation of the Grb2-p120cbl complex further supports the idea of a significant role for p120cbl in receptor-mediated signaling pathways.
Novel conformal surface wave Yagi antenna for on-body communication channel

Wearable antennas for on-body communication are desired to be low profile and planar [1]. Although, planar antennas do not provide very strong path gain due to the close proximity to the human body, they have high priority to other type of the antennas in practice. Different planar types of antennas have been introduced for on-body communication channels. But most of them are designed in free space. Then, the body influence on the antenna characteristics has been investigated [2]. In other words, the proximity of the body as a dielectric bulk to the antenna is ignored at the antenna design stage. However, this volume of dielectric can contribute to radiation of the antenna on and off the body. Also, it can affect the wave propagation mechanism in the communication channel regarding to the antenna type. Therefore, the antenna should excite the wave modes which are supported by communication channel [3]. In this paper, the proximity of the body is included in the antenna design which leads to propose a novel antenna for on-body communication channel. As the initial stage, the behavior of a dipole parallel to the body surface is investigated. This study provides valuable information which is used in the novel surface wave antenna design. To evaluate the new antenna performance, a pair of antenna is put on two opposite sides of cylinder made of muscle tissue property and the path gain results are compared with a pair of parallel dipole and also monopole.
Exopolysaccharide Production Is Influenced by Sugars, N-Acylhomoserine Lactone, and Transcriptional Regulators RcsA and RcsB, but Does Not Affect Pathogenicity in the Plant Pathogen Pantoea ananatis

Pantoea ananatis SK-1 produced EPS by AHL-mediated quorum sensing on an LB agar plate containing glucose, fructose, and sucrose. rcsA and rcsB mutants did not produce EPS with or without AHLs and with or without sugars, but they induced necrotic symptoms in onion leaves. These results indicate that EPS production does not relate to the pathogenicity of SK-1.
A Randomized, Controlled Study to Assess the Conversion From Calcineurin‐Inhibitors to Everolimus After Liver Transplantation—PROTECT

Posttransplant immunosuppression with calcineurin inhibitors (CNIs) is associated with impaired renal function, while mTor inhibitors such as everolimus may provide a renal‐sparing alternative. In this randomized 1‐year study in patients with liver transplantation (LTx), we sought to assess the effects of everolimus on glomerular filtration rate (GFR) after conversion from CNIs compared to continued CNI treatment. Eligible study patients received basiliximab induction, CNI with/without corticosteroids for 4 weeks post‐LTx, and were then randomized (if GFR > 50 mL/min) to continued CNIs (N = 102) or subsequent conversion to EVR (N = 101). Mean calculated GFR 11 months postrandomization (ITT population) revealed no significant difference between treatments using the Cockcroft‐Gault formula (−2.9 mL/min in favor of EVR, 95%‐CI: [−10.659; 4.814], p = 0.46), whereas use of the MDRD formula showed superiority for EVR (−7.8 mL/min, 95%‐CI: [−14.366; −1.191], p = 0.021). Rates of mortality (EVR: 4.2% vs. CNI: 4.1%), biopsy‐proven acute rejection (17.7% vs. 15.3%), and efficacy failure (20.8% vs. 20.4%) were similar. Infections, leukocytopenia, hyperlipidemia and treatment discontinuations occurred more frequently in the EVR group. No hepatic artery thrombosis and no excess of wound healing impairment were noted. Conversion from CNI‐based to EVR‐based immunosuppression proved to be a safe alternative post‐LTx that deserves further investigation in terms of nephroprotection.
DNA Walker‐Regulated Cancer Cell Growth Inhibition

We demonstrate a DNAzyme‐based walker system as a controlled oligonucleotide drug AS1411 release platform for breast cancer treatment. In this system, AS1411 strands are released from fuel strands as a walker moves along its carbon nanotube track. The release rate and amount of anticancer oligonucleotides are controlled by the walker operation. With a walker system embedded within the collagen extracellular matrix, we show that this drug release system can be used for in situ cancer cell growth inhibition.
Unidirectional Bragg Gratings Using Parity-Time Symmetry Breaking in Plasmonic Systems

Optical systems following concepts of parity-time (PT) symmetry have attracted significant attention because of their extraordinary behavior such as unidirectional reflectance or power oscillation. PT symmetric optical systems are realized by judiciously manipulating the complex refractive index to produce even- and odd-symmetric distributions for the real and imaginary indices, respectively. We propose two PT symmetric Bragg gratings based on step-in-width metal stripes and dielectric-loaded metal stripes operating with long-range surface plasmon polaritons. The gratings are designed to operate near 880 nm because optical gain can be conveniently provided by IR140-doped PMMA. Asymmetric reflectance is predicted in the proposed gratings based on modal and transfer matrix method computations. Moreover, we analyzed pulse reshaping and energy transport in generic gratings, and in the proposed plasmonic gratings, in terms of group and energy velocities. It is found that the group and energy velocities are dispersionless at the PT symmetry breaking point. Also, the group velocity dispersion can be inverted by changing the PT symmetric state from broken to unbroken or vice versa. Our designs are practical because a large left-right asymmetric reflectance contrast is produced for a wide range of physical dimensions. The proposed gratings are suitable as on-chip devices for optical processing providing new functionality such as switching and controlling the time delay of a data pulse without distortion.