Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
CMOS scaling impacts on reliability, What do we understand?

The physical miniaturization have increased CMOS fault sensitivity to the extent that many reliability constraints pose threat to the device normal operation. This paper adresses the impact of physical miniaturization on CMOS reliability constraints. The focus will be mainly on five technological aspects namely Negative Bias Temperature Instability (NBTI), Time Dependent Dielectric Breakdown (TDDB), electromigration induced failure, hot carriers degradation and single particle induced soft errors. First the concept of each of the aspect is explained, then the impact of scaling on it is analyzed. Thereafter various mitigation techniques, to alleviate the issues related to each aspect are presented.
Using EEG to Assess Programming Expertise against Self-reported Data

Cognitive processes like working memory, attention play a key role in evaluating any subject's performance at a given task. Instead of proceeding with the methods that use task the completion time or accuracy or runtime of the program, we use human Electroencephalography (EEG) data and its features to quantify the programming expertise of individuals. Motivated by few other works with similar research goals, we use EEG to check if there is any correlation between the cognitive load and the self-reported data. We believe that this study helps to learn further about common threats to validity associated with the research in this area. Hypothesizing that there is no difference between the cognitive load experienced by experts and novices, we collected the EEG data of twenty-three participants in a controlled experiment and examined if the novice and the expert programmers could be grouped based on their EEG data. Emotiv Epoc is used as the Brain Computer Interface device to record the electrical pulses produced in the brain. Main parts of this project include planning and conducting the lab experiment during which participants provide their answers to the given Java programming questions and also to the questions in the given survey, signal analysis and feature extraction, data processing and data clustering. Our results show that there is difference between the cognitive loads experienced by people with different levels of programming expertise.
Corrupted Perceptions: The Effect of Corruption on Political Support in Latin American Democracies

The extent to which corruption may affect the functioning and prospects of new democracies is a question that has begun to attract scholarly attention. In contrast with the traditional view that stressed the "functional" character of political corruption for the political regimes of the developing world, a recent stream of research indicates that corruption may erode the links between citizens and governments in new democracies. Using data on national levels of corruption (Transparency International-1997 CPI index) and individual-level opinion data (1995- 1997 World Values Survey) we first examine the extent to which the mass public accurately perceives the extent of corruption in their respective nations. If citizens are to hold leaders accountable for political corruption, then the initial step for them is to recognize the severity of the problem. We find that Latin Americans are quite aware of the seriousness of corruption in their countries. The ensuing question is whether they are able to connect their views about corruption to appraisals of their authorities and institutions, and of democracy more generally. Collectively, our findings suggest that the necessary ingredients for accountability are present in Latin America. Citizens perceive corruption, and they connect those perceptions to their judgments regarding incumbent leaders and political institutions. The possible dark side of mass opinion regarding corruption is that pervasive, and often burgeoning misconduct, may lead public sentiment to be poisoned toward democratic politics in general. On this score, our analyses speak somewhat to the vitality of democracy in the region, at least in the short term. Although many Latin American systems are rife with corruption, this situation only seems to affect support for specific administrations and institutions. We identified no evidence that perceptions of corruption have soured mass opinion on democracy as a form of government. Unfortunately, it would be perilous to assume that this state of affairs can continue indefinitely.
Use of Polyphosphate Accumulating Organisms (Pao) For Treatment Of Phosphate Sludge

Phosphate removal from wastewaters has been quite a problem over the years. The method largely employed these days is chemical precipitation although biological methods are regarded as preferable due to the fact that this phosphate can then be easily recovered in a relatively pure form. The role of Biological Phosphate Removal (BPR) in waste treatment often described as anovel waste treatment tool' has been known since some time. Microbial constituents of activated sludge remove phosphate by accumulating it as polyphosphate within their cells and are known as Polyphosphate Accumulating Organisms (PAO). Though this technology is presently available for phosphate removal from liquid wastes, there is no reason why it cannot be adapted and developed for the removal of phosphate from solid sludge generated by metal processing industries. This study reports precisely that kind of work done on phosphate removal from solid sludge generated from the painting department of a local industry. Microorganisms were enriched from garden soil and the solid sludge obtained from the industry using suitably amended nutrient media. Three isolates including two bacteria and a yeast showed tremendous potential in this respect in laboratory scale experiments. The mass of sludge was reduced by more than half (52 to 57%) and phosphate removal was to the extent of almost 78%. The removal of phosphate being due to intracellular accumulation by the organisms was confirmed by microscopic observation. The most efficient organism in this respect was found to be the yeast, confirmed by the microscopic observation and action of chitinase enzymes. Scale up studies for large-scale application that also include removal of Zn and Cu are in progress.
Performance Engineering of a Lightweight Fault Tolerance Framework

It is well-known that the Paxos algorithm can be used to build provably correct practical fault tolerant systems. In this thesis, a lightweight consensus framework Paxos-Based Fault Tolerance (PFT) framework and its practical implementation is presented. It also includes how the system tolerates faults under practical conditions where the replicas might not be strictly homogeneous due to the asynchrony of their deployment environment. A comprehensive performance evaluation study is performed on the PFT framework. The approaches that can optimize the fault tolerance mechanisms under various practical scenarios are also discussed.
Study of Prognostic Role of High Sensitivity C - Reactive Protein and Serum Fibrinogen Levels in Unstable Angina Patients in Eastern India

Introduction: Patients with unstable angina are heterogeneous in terms of risk of cardiac death and nonfatal ischemic events. Assessment of the prognosis in these individuals guides the management protocol. C reactive protein (CRP) and serum fibrinogen are established prognostic markers in UA. Aim: This study assessed the prognostic role of high sensitivity CRP (hs CRP) and serum fibrinogen levels in unstable angina patients in eastern India with no other high risk factors. Material and methods: It was a prospective single centre observational study which included patients admitted with diagnosis of unstable angina in medical ICU from August 1, 2009 to June 1, 2011. Cases with concomitant inflammatory or neoplastic condition, valvular heart disease, left ventricular (LV) failure, ST elevation/ new or presumably new ST depression and T wave inversion in ECG, elevated cardiac biomarkers (CPK MB/ Troponin T), LV dysfunction (LVEF<50%), suspected pulmonary thrombo embolism, age>60 years, known case of coronary artery disease, heart failure, diabetes, hypertension, dyslipidemia and chronic kidney disease were excluded from the study. Patients were observed for 72 hours in medical ICU. Serum fibrinogen and high sensitivity C reactive protein (hs CRP) levels were estimated at the time of admission, and at the end of 48 hours and 72 hours. Primary endpoints were death, myocardial infarction, heart failure and secondary endpoints were hemodynamically unstable ventricular arrhythmias, and refractory angina or recurrent angina. Patients who met the study endpoints were grouped as unfavourable group and others as favourable group. Results: Of 1034 patients with unstable angina, 927 met the exclusion criteria and 7 were lost on follow up. On follow up, 30 (30%) patients were in unfavourable group and 70(70%) were in favourable group. Primary endpoints were met in 9% patients, death1(1%), myocardial infarction3 (3%), heart failure5 (5%). Secondary endpoints were met in 21% patients, ventricular arrhythmias4 (4%), refractory angina17 (17%). Patients in recurrent angina 10 (10%). Patients in unfavourable group had significantly high hs CRP (4.47±1.22 mg/L vs 1.98±0.37 mg/L, p<0.0001) and serum fibrinogen Research Article
Discrete dopant fluctuated nano planar and FinFET devices

In this paper, we simulate the random-dopant-induced electrical characteristics fluctuations in sub-32 nm planar MOSFET and bulk FinFET devices. A large-scale computational statistical approach is performed, in a sense of discrete atomic dopants, with a three-dimensional quantum mechanical transport device simulation. The validation of simulation technique is calibrated with silicon measured data. The fluctuation of device performance is dominated by the number and position of random dopants. Our result implies that even device has the same on-state current; the inhomogeneity of the potential that induced by the discreteness of the channel dopants strongly disturbs the carrier’s conducting path at subthreshold region, and thus results in different off-state current. For the devices with the same threshold voltage, the 32-nm bulk FinFET possesses excellent immunity against the randomness of dopants due to improved gate controllability, compared with the planar device.
IoTCrawler: Browsing the Internet of Things

The Internet of Things (IoT) offers an incredible innovation potential for developing smarter applications and services. However, today we see solutions in the development of vertical applications and services reflecting what used to be the early days of the Web, leading to fragmentation and intra-nets of Things. To achieve an open IoT ecosystem of systems and platforms, several key enablers are needed for effective, adaptive and scalable mechanisms for exploring and discovering IoT resources and their data/capabilities. This paper discusses our work in the EU H2020 IoTCrawler project. Its focus is on the integration and interoperability across different platforms, through dynamic and reconfigurable solutions for discovery and integration of data and services from legacy and new systems. This is complemented with adaptive, privacy-aware and secure solutions for crawling, indexing and searching in distributed IoT systems. IoTCrawler targets IoT development and demonstrations with a focus on Industry 4.0, Social IoT, Smart City and Smart Energy use cases.
Intergenerational transmission of nicotine within families: have e-cigarettes had an impact?

Using an objective biomarker of both active and passive smoking (saliva cotinine), we estimate a Galtonian regression of nicotine transmission and test whether the use of new nicotine delivery products (i.e. e-cigarettes and other NDP) by parents reduces nicotine transmission to children through passive smoking. To test the latter effect, we use a variety of strategies encompassing the inclusion of interaction terms between cotinine levels and NDP utilization in the Galtonian regression, an IV strategy to deal with potential endogeneity of NDP utilization and a before-after analysis which exploits the spread in the use of e-cigarettes in England from 2010. Using matched parent-child data from the Health Survey for England from 2002 to 2014, we find evidence of a strong intergenerational transmission of nicotine and that transmission is twice the size for mothers compared to fathers. Moreover, all of our empirical strategies lead us to conclude that the introduction of NDP has lowered intergenerational transmission of nicotine to 70-80% of the level without NDP. Following the externality argument, these results suggest that lower taxation of these devices is justified.
Models and Algorithms of Information Retrieval in a Multilingual Environment on the Basis of Thematic and Dynamic Text Corpora

Abstract Models and algorithms of information retrieval in the global and local computer networks on the basis of thematic and dynamic text corpora are proposed in this article. The developed algorithms provide the effectiveness of documents information retrieval and notable for universality, i. e. , for the independence from topics. Information system adjustment to a particular data domain can be fully automated, it adds up to the creation of a respective thematic text corpus and an actualization of dictionaries of the knowledge database.
REMOVAL OF PB (II) AND CU (II) IONS FROM AQUEOUS SOLUTIONS BY CADMIUM SULFIDE NANOPARTICLES

In this study, cadmium sulfide nanoparticles (CdS NPs) were prepared, characterized and used as a new adsorbent for simultaneous removal of Pb(II) and Cu(II) ions from aqueous solutions. Using a batch adsorption method, the effects of solution pH, contact time, adsorbent dose, and temperature were studied and optimized. Removal efficiencies, higher than 98% were obtained for both the metal ions at the optimum conditions. The adsorption process was rapid, as equilibrium was achieved within 15 min. The kinetic and isotherm experiment data could be well described with the pseudo-second order kinetic model and the Freundlich isotherm model. The maximum adsorption capacities for Pb(II) and Cu(II) ions were 200 mg/g and 166.7 mg/g, respectively. The thermodynamics of adsorption process such as changes in standard free energy, enthalpy and entropy were also discussed. This study revealed that CdS NPs are effective adsorbent for rapid removal of Pb(II) and Cu(II) ions from aqueous solutions.
Jaunimo apsirūpinimas būstu: galimybės ir problemos

LMT finansuojamas nacionalinės mokslo programos „Gerovės visuomenė“ projektas „Jaunimo apsirūpinimas būstu: procesai, problemos ir jų sprendimo būdai Lietuvoje (JABS)“ (GER 007/17)
An Antarctic stratigraphic record of stepwise ice growth through the Eocene-Oligocene transition

Earth's current icehouse phase began ? 34 m.y. ago with the onset of major Antarctic glaciation at the Eocene-Oligocene transition. Changes in ocean circulation and a decline in atmospheric greenhouse gas levels were associated with stepwise cooling and ice growth at southern high latitudes. The Antarctic cryosphere plays a critical role in the ocean-atmosphere system, but its early evolution is still poorly known. With a near-field record from Prydz Bay, Antarctica, we demonstrate that Antarctic ice growth was stepwise and had an earlier onset than previously suggested. Prydz Bay lies downstream of a major East Antarctic Ice Sheet drainage system, and its sedimentary records uniquely constrain the timing of ice-sheet advance onto the continental shelf. We investigated a detrital record extracted from three Ocean Drilling Program drill holes within a new depositional and chronological framework spanning the late Eocene to early Oligocene (ca. 36? 33 Ma). The chemical index of alteration (CIA) and the S index, calculated from the major-element geochemistry of bulk samples, yielded estimates of chemical weathering intensities and mean annual temperature on the East Antarctic continent. We document evidence for late Eocene mountain glaciation along with transient warm events at 35.8? 34.8 Ma. From 34.4 Ma, associated with the Eocene-Oligocene transition precursor ? 18O excursion, glaciers advanced into Prydz Bay, coincident with a decline in chemical weathering and temperature. We conclude that Antarctic continental ice growth commenced with the Eocene-Oligocene transition “precursor” glaciation, during a time of Subantarctic surface ocean cooling and a decline in atmospheric pCO2. These results call for dynamic high-latitude feedbacks that are currently poorly represented in Earth system models and emphasize the need for additional near-field glacio-sedimentological, high-latitude sea-surface temperature and pCO2 records across the Eocene-Oligocene transition.
Music Recommendation System Based on User’s Sentiment

: Social media is a place where users present themselves and share all type of information, ideas, and experiences with world. In recent years sentiment analysis has been explored by several internet services to recommend contents accordance with human emotions, which expressed through social network. Many user’s on social network write sentence in variety of languages. This paper presents language independent sentiment analysis in music recommendation system. This system suggests music to user depending upon the current emotional state of that person. Where the current emotional state of a person is calculated by measuring adjusted sentiment intensity value, which is an association of sentiment intensity value with a correction factor. This correction factor is based on user profile information and used to adjust final sentiment intensity value. Traditional classifiers are language specific and require much work to be applied to different languages. Proposed system uses a supervised sentiment classification approach for language independent sentiment intensity calculation. We train Naive bays classifier on our data and evaluate it on over 1000 posts in 3 languages, English, Malayalam, and Hindi. The supervised sentiment classifier with a correction factor can improve the performance of a proposed language independent music recommendation system.
Eğitimde Mobil Öğrenme Üzerine Araştırma Eğilimleri

Bu calismanin amaci ulkemizde egitimde mobil ogrenme egilimlerini ortaya koymaktir. Mobil ogrenme, m-ogrenme, mobil learning ve m-learning anahtar kelimeleri kullanilarak 2007 ve 2017 yillari arasinda ulkemizde yapilmis 76 calisma(tez, makale ve konferanslar) incelenmistir. Calisma kapsaminda elde edilen veriler dokuman incelemesi esaslarina gore degerlendirilmistir. Calisma kapsaminda; yapilan arastirmalarin turlerinin dagilimi, yazar dagilimi, arastirma yontem dagilimi, orneklem buyuklukleri ve orneklem tercih seviyeleri, yogunlasilan ogrenme alanlari, kullanilan veri toplama araclari, kullanilan istatistik yontemleri, bagimli ve bagimsiz degiskenler, ogrenmede kullanilan mobil teknolojiler ve mobil ogrenme ile gerceklesen dersler hakkinda betimsel analizler yapilmistir. Mobil ogrenme uzerine en cok calisma %18,4 ile 2015 yilinda yapilmistir. Arastirmalarin turu %43,4 ile en fazla makale olmustur. Son 10 yilda mobil ogrenme alani uzerine yapilan calismalardan %21,1’i uygulama ve gelistirmeye yonelik calismalarin oldugu gorulmustur. Arastirmalarin %52,6’si 1yazarli calismalardan olusmaktadir. Orneklem buyuklugu %18,4 ile 0-30 kisi arasinda ve %39,5 ile lisans duzeyinde olmustur. Ogrenme alani %65,8 ile mobil ogrenme uzerine olmustur. Arastirmalarda verilerin toplanmasi icin en fazla anketin kullanildigi tespit edilmistir. Ogrenci gorusleri, akademik basari, motivasyon, kalicilik ve tutum en fazla tercih edilen bagimli degiskenler olmustur. Calismalarin %30,3’de mobil teknoloji olarak akilli telefon kullanilmistir. Calismalarin %15,8’inde yabanci dil ogretimi uzerine durulmustur.
Evaluation of Drug-Drug Interactions Among Chronic Kidney Disease Patients of Nephrology Unit in the University of Nigeria Teaching Hospital, Ituku-Ozalla, Enugu State

Context: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients are at high risk of drug-drug interactions (DDIs) that may require dose adjustments or the avoidance of drug combinations. Aim: To evaluate DDIs among chronic kidney disease patients of nephrology unit in the University of Nigeria Teaching Hospital (UNTH), Enugu in South-East Nigeria. Settings and Design: This study was a retrospective review of CKD patients who received treatment at the nephrology unit of UNTH between January 2004 and December 2014. Methods and Materials: The drug-drug interactions (DDIs) of the prescribed drugs were classified using the Medscape drug interaction checker. Statistical Analysis used the data were analyzed using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) for Windows version 16.0 (SPSS Inc, Version 16.0, Chicago, USA). The predictors of the DDIs were explored through linear regression with number of DDIs as the dependent variable. Results: A total of 898 DDIs were identified from the folders of the 169 CKD patients that were eligible. Majority were above 50 years old and in renal disease stage 4 or 5. Furosemide, lisinopril and amlodipine were the most frequently prescribed drugs and had the greatest likelihood for nephrotoxicity. The number of medications and hypertension (as co-morbidity) were the independent predictors of DDIs among the patients. Majority of the DDIs (64.14%) were significant. The most common interactions were between lisinopril and furosemide; furosemide and calcium carbonate; lisinopril and calcium carbonate. Conclusion: The prevalence of significant DDIs was high among the renal patients. The major determinants of the DDIs were the number of medications and the presence of hypertension as co-morbidity.
SF 6 Byproducts in High-Humidity Environment: an Experimental Evaluation between 200 o C and 500 o C

Abstract: In the occurrence of arc discharges, spark discharges, corona discharges and overheated faults in electrical equipment, SF 6would be decomposed to complicated byproducts, such as SO2 , H2S and HF. Analyzing these byproducts is an effective method to judge the internal operation condition of electric equipment. In order to study characters of SF6byproducts at different temperature of overheated faults in the electric equipment, a series of overheated faults of electric equipment were simulated. SF6is very stable and not significantly decomposed at 200oC, 250oC and 300oC. SF6is significantly decomposed to SO2, H2S and HF at 350oC. The concentration of SO2, H2S and HF was 7.2, 1.6 and 1.9 μL/L after heating for 5 hours in environment of SF6with 3616 μL/L water, and it was increased to 23.0, 3.0 and 1.2 μL/L 3 hours later. SF6is more easily to be decomposed and decomposed more rapidly at higher temperature. The concentration of SO2, H2S and HF was 62.2, 15.6 and 3.6 μL/L after heating for 5 hours in environment of SF6with 4064 μL/L water, and it was increased to 91.4, 25.2 and 2.3 μL/L 3 hours later. SF6will be decomposed to format HF, which is strongly corrosive and whose concentration is likely to decrease when it is above a certain concentration.