Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Impact of Teacher Effectiveness and Student Attitude on Students Academic Achievement in Science Subjects in the Secondary Schools of Dera Ismail Khan (Pakistan)

This study was conducted to find the influence of teachers’ effectiveness and students’ attitude on students’ academic achievement in science subjects at secondary school of district Dera-IsmailKhan. An important aim of the study was to explore the impact of teacher’s effectiveness and students’ academic performance on the subject of science. A multi-stage and stratified random sampling technique was used for data collection. The survey questionnaire was used. A standardized questionnaire was used and this questionnaire was also validated. A normality test was applied to normalize all variables. Reliability was checked through Cronbach Alpha and it was found in the range given by (Pallant, 2010). The data-was-collected-from teacher at the secondary school level. The hypothetical influence was tested using simple regression. The teachers' effectiveness was found significantly on students’ academic achievement as β=0.727 p<0.05. Similarly, the influence of students’ attitude found significantly positive on students’ academic achievement as β=0.616 p<0.05.
PREVALENCE OF CHILDHOOD SKIN DISORDERS ATTENDING AT OUTPATIENT PEDIATRIC HOSPITAL

Objective: The objective of the study was to study the prevalence of various skin diseases in pediatric population. Methods: A prospective observational study was conducted at private children’s outpatient clinic in Warangal from March to August 2018 with the prior approval from the Institutional Ethical Committee BIPS/IEC/2018/P8. A total of 200 patients with various skin diseases of age group <17 years were included in the study. Results: Out of 200 pediatric skin disorders, male children 138 (69%) outnumbered female children 62 (31%). The mean age of the study population was found to be 5.85±4.11 years. About 64% of the patients are from rural area and 36% are from urban. The percentage of skin disorders is allergic infections (26%), bacterial infections (23%), viral infections (11%), fungal infections (7.5%), parasitic infections (6%), autoimmune disorders (4%), and skin adnexa (2.5%). Conclusion: Our study concludes that the prevalence of allergic and bacterial skin infections was found to be common among male children from rural area
Prevalence and Molecular Characterization of Quinolone Antibiotic Resistance in Escherichia coli Isolates from Raw Bulk Milk in Gyeonggi-do

The aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence of quinolone resistant E. coli from raw bulk milk and to characterize the resistance determinants. In this study, the gyrA, gyrB, parC, and parE quinolone resistance determining regions (QRDR) were sequenced from quinolone resistant E. coli isolates. Also, the presence of plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance (PMQR) and the expression of efflux pump genes based on quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) were investigated. Of the 487 coliform bacteria, 9 strains showed nalidixic acid resistance, and 6 of the 9 nalidixic acid resistant isolates were also ciprofloxacin resistant. These 9 strains had a single mutation at codon 83 (S83L) in gyrA, 2 of them had double mutations at codon 83 and 87 (S83L and D87N) in gyrA and 3 of the 9 isolates had single mutations at codon 80 (S80I) in parC. None of the 9 isolates harbored PMQR determinants. Compared with wild-type E. coli ATCC 25922, an over-expression of the acrB gene (2.15–5.74 fold), encoding the pump component of the AcrAB-TolC efflux pump was observed in 4 of 6 ciprofloxacin resistant isolates. This study identified the quinolone resistance mechanism of E. coli isolated from raw milk samples in Gyeonggi-do.
Optical Asymmetric Cryptography Modifying the RSA Public-key Protocol

A new optical asymmetric cryptosystem is proposed by modifying the asymmetric RSA public-key protocol required in a cryptosystem. The proposed asymmetric public-key algorithm can be optically implemented by combining a two-step quadrature phase-shifting digital holographic encryption method with the modified RSA public-key algorithm; then two pairs of public-private keys are used to encrypt and decrypt the plaintext. Public keys and ciphertexts are digital holograms that are Fourier-transform holograms, and are recorded on CCDs with 256-gray-level quantized intensities in the optical architecture. The plaintext can only be decrypted by the private keys, which are acquired by the corresponding asymmetric public-key-generation algorithm. Schematically, the proposed optical architecture has the advantage of producing a complicated, asymmetric public-key cryptosystem that can enhance security strength compared to the conventional electronic RSA public-key cryptosystem. Numerical simulations are carried out to demonstrate the validity and effectiveness of the proposed method, by evaluating decryption performance and analysis. The proposed method shows feasibility for application to an asymmetric public-key cryptosystem.
Optimal Multipath Conveyance with Improved Survivability for WSN’s In Challenging Location

The sensor networks with the capability of conveying information’s through the wireless medium in many circumstances are affected by the inner energy and the exterior atmospheric changes as the sensors are employed in the areas that are beyond human reach and left uncared. Since routing procedure seems as the main source of energy utilization in these types of networks formulated by the sensors and as the prevailing routing procedures considers the parametric optimization from the network perception alone eluding the atmospheric influences over the network from the exterior sources, makes the sensors obtuse to the sudden unexpected changes in the atmosphere. So this leads to failure in conveyance of information’s due to the failure in the routing and the fading of the path established. To manage such circumstance effectively the paper formulates a multi path conveyance with improved survivability for wireless-sensor-networks. The method takes into consideration the residual energy, depth and the dynamic changes in the atmosphere. The developed routing evades the information from passing over the hazardous area and forms a reliable conveyance by creating an atmosphere based on the monitoring competencies of the sensor network. The formulate method is experimentally evaluated using the network simulator-2 to acquire the vital enhancements in the life expectancy of the network framed and the delivery rate of the packets.
A Survey on Autonomous Techniques for Music Classification based on Human Emotions Recognition

Music is one of the finest element to trigger emotions in human beings. Each and every human being feels the music and emotions are automatically provoked by listening music. Music is considered as strong stress reliever. With the increase in size of music dataset available online and advancement of automation technologies the emotions from the music are to be recognized automatically so that the online database of music can be organized and browsed in an efficient manner. Automation of music emotion classification (MEC) helps the people to listen the music of their interest without wasting time on surfing the internet. It helps the psychologists in treatment process of patients. It also helps the musicians and artists to work on specific type of music and to classify them. This paper aims to provide the overview and survey related to autonomous technique for music classification (ATMC). In this article, the basic steps such as database collection, preprocessing, database analysis, feature extraction, classification and evaluation parameters involved in ATMC are explained and comprehensive review related to the basic steps is summarized. Research issues and solutions related to ATMC along with future scope are also discussed in this article.
Growth and grazing by the thecate heterotrophic dinoflagellate Diplopsalis lenticula (Diplopsalidaceae, Dinophyceae)

Abstract The thecate heterotrophic dinoflagellate Diplopsalis lenticula Bergh was shown to feed on a wide range of phytoplankton of different size and taxonomic groups. Growth and ingestion rates of D. lenricula feeding on the diatom Ditylum brightwellii (West) Grunow were measured as a function of food concentration. Growth rate increased with food concentration until it reached saturation at c. 300 D. brightwellii cells ml−1. Maximum specific growth rate was 0.25 d−1 at a food concentration of 500 cells ml−1. A prey concentration as low as 30 cells ml−1 supported growth. Ingestion and clearance rates were estimated by two different methods based on estimates of prey loss rate and on counts of digested food particles. Ingestion rate increased with increasing food concentration up to a maximum rate of 1 or 0.2 prey dinoflagellate−1 h−1, depending on which of the two methods of estimation was used. Clearance rate decreased with increasing prey concentration. Maximum clearance rates at low food concentratio.
Sequence and structure requirements of Y RNA-derived small RNA biogenesis

Numerous small non-coding RNAs have been identi�ed in mammalian cells, including microRNAs and piwi-interacting RNAs. The patterns of gene expression within cells can be altered in response to cellular stress. To examine the e�ects of cellular stress on all small RNA types, a number of human cell lines were treated with Poly(I:C), a mimic of viral infection, and the levels of small RNAs were examined by next generation sequencing. Surprisingly, we did not �nd many di�erentially expressed microRNAs, but we discovered a new class of small RNAs that were 30-35 nucleotides and showed up-regulation following Poly(I:C) treatment. These slightly longer small RNAs were derived from many di�erent types of non-coding RNA and only very few small RNAs were derived directly from messenger RNAs. Small RNAs derived from various types of RNA were validated by northern blot. Further sequencing libraries were prepared for Poly(I:C)-treated and untreated MCF7 cells, as well as Poly(I:C)-treated and untreated SW1353 cells. The human Y5 RNA gene was chosen as an example of a Poly(I:C)-induced small RNA-producing gene. This gene was cloned into an expression construct and systematically mutated to alter the sequence or secondary structure of the resulting Y RNA. These mutant plasmids were expressed in mouse cells and the e�ect on small RNA production determined. These individual mutants together helped to determine a region vital for cleavage, and that it is the structure rather than the sequence within this region that is important. A high-throughput method was also implemented, involving the generation of large pools of plasmids containing all possible sequences within a particular region of the RNA gene. These pools were expressed in mouse cells and the mutants that were expressed and processed into small RNAs were sequenced. These experiments showed that the formation of the large internal loop determines the internal cleavage site.
Mating type loci analysis indicates that Villosiclava virens, the casual agent of false smut disease of rice, is a homothallic fungus

Villosiclava virens (anamorph: Ustilaginoidea virens) was isolated from infected rice plants, where it caused false smut. Similar to other ascomycetes, the sexual compatibility of V. virens is controlled by the mating type (MAT) locus. In this study, we applied a PCR-based approach to screen mating type genes in the single asexual spore isolate. Our results showed that V. virens possesses the two master genes required for mating (MAT1-1-1 and MAT1-2-1), suggesting that this fungus is likely to be homothallic. Mating type primer pairs were developed to genotype the single ascospore isolates from different places in China. These analyses provided further evidence that V. virens is a homothallic species and suggest novel genetic mechanisms of sexual reproduction in V. virens.
Spatial and temporal variation in reef fish assemblages of marine parks in New South Wales, Australia—baited video observations

Baited remote underwater video stations (BRUVS) were used to examine variation in assemblages of reef fishes at scales of 100s of kilometres (between 3 marine parks in New South Wales, Australia) and kilometres (between 4 sites within each park). Temporal variation over 5 yr was also examined in 1 park (Solitary Islands). BRUVS were able to sample the relative abundance and distribution of species from a wide range of trophic groups, and were particularly effective for detect- ing cryptic predators. Significant variability in the fish assemblages occurred between each park con- sistent with the latitudinal distribution of the parks. Fish assemblages also varied significantly between sites within each park. Contrary to expectations, total species richness did not follow the expected latitudinal gradient. However, observed geographical patterns in species richness of certain families such as Labridae (greater richness in the most northern park) and Monacanthidae (greater species richness in southern parks) followed expectations. Abundant schooling species, common to all 3 parks, were important contributors to variation between sites. Temporal variation over 5 yr at 1 park was relatively minor compared to the spatial variation among the 3 parks. This suggests large- scale spatial separation is more important for structuring fish assemblages than time. A network of marine parks will therefore be required to represent variation in reef fish assemblages over this latitudinal scale.
Sleep Stage Classification using NeuCube on SpiNNaker: a Preliminary Study

This paper studies sleep stage classification using NeuCube, a Spiking Neural Network (SNN) architecture, simulated on SpiNNaker, a neuromorphic computer. The sleep electroencephalogram (EEG) time series is converted to spikes and provided as an input to NeuCube. Relevant feature vectors are extracted at different stages of training. We used six standard machine learning classifiers on different combinations of these feature vectors and calculated 5-fold cross-validation accuracy. We observed that the gradient boosted decision trees classifier performed the best by achieving 81.25% accuracy on a combination of two feature vectors. An evaluation of the results using confusion matrices and classification reports showed that the Awake, N2, SWS and REM sleep stages can be classified with ≥ 80% F1-score using the gradient boosted decision trees algorithm. Overall, our proof-of-concept work towards autonomous sleep-stage classification using NeuCube shows promise and will form the base for continued research in this direction.
Sustaining Soil Nitrogen for Corn Using Hairy Vetch Cover Crop

Nitrogen fertility management is often complicated by inadequate supply, low efficiency, high losses, and the potential of polluting water resources. This study was conducted in 1984 and 1985 on a Maury soil (fine, mixed, mesic Typic Paleudalfs) in Kentucky to determine the role of a hairy vetch (Vicia villosa Roth) cover crop in sustaining soil N for corn (Zea mays L.) under no-tillage and conventional tillage. Winter cover treatments of hairy vetch, rye (Secale cereal L.), and corn residue were combined factorially with N rates of 0, 85, and 170 kg ha−1 in the two tillage systems. Total soil C and N in the 0- to 7.5-cm depth, averaged across treatments and sampling dates, were 21.8 and 2.07 g kg−1, respectively, in no-tillage and 16.6 and 1.70 g kg−1 in conventional tillage. Values were 19.8 and 1.99 g kg−1, respectively, with hairy vetch and 18.8 and 1.80 g kg−1 with rye. Conventional tillage caused rapid mineralization of soil N, as indicated by greater inorganic N approximately 6 wk after plowing. Nitrate apparently leached deeper into the soil under no-tillage than conventional tillage. Grain yield without N on the vetch treatment was essentially equal to yields with 170 kg N ha−1 on the rye or corn residue treatments—6.75, 6.75, and 6.65 Mg ha−1, respectively. Grain yield with vetch and 170 kg N ha−1 was 7.85 Mg ha−1. Although vetch provided a substantial amount of N, results suggested that to obtain optimum corn yields N fertilization should be reduced little, if any, with a vetch cover crop. Vetch appeared to add grain yield instead of reduce the need for N fertilizer.
Reintroduction of hand-reared alala Corvus hawaiiensis in Hawaii

The wild alala Corvus hawaiiensis population has been declining for many years and only three pairs of birds are currently reproductively active on the island of Hawaii. At the recommendation of a committee formed by the National Academy of Sciences, a restoration programme was initiated in 1993 by The Peregrine Fund in collaboration with private land-owners, the US Fish and Wildlife Service, National Biological Service and the State of Hawaii. The restoration programme includes removing eggs from wild nesting birds for artificial incubation, handrearing and reintroduction. In two breeding seasons (1993, 1994), 17 eggs were removed from alala nests in the wild. Three eggs were infertile, 13 chicks hatched and 12 alala were successfully reared (hatchability: 93 per cent; survivability: 92 per cent). Four of these chicks were sent to the State of Hawaii's Olinda Endangered Species Propagation Facility, while four chicks from this facility were sent to the reintroduction programme. Twelve alala have been released by The Peregrine Fund: five in 1993 and seven in 1994. Three of the five birds released in 1993 and all seven of the birds released in 1994 are currently surviving in the wild.
A FIELD SURVEY OF MYCORRHIZAL ASSOCIATIONS IN FERNS OF PAKISTAN

SUMMARY Roots of the ferns examined in this investigation were constantly mycorrhizal. A mixture of several endophytes infecting a root system was a usual feature of them. Vesicular-arbuscular endophytes predominated over endophytes with a septate mycelium. Ectomycorrhizal fungi with a septate mycelium bearing clamp-connections ran longitudinally inside the cortex and occasionally these hyphae formed a mantle on the outside of the roots. A displacement of endotrophic mycorrhizas by ectomycorrhizal fungi occurred in Adiantum vemistum D. Don when growing under pine forest. Heavy arbuscular and vesicular infections occurred throughout the period of investigation. Several spore types were present in each rhizosphere.
Interspecific contests between males of two Japanese stag beetle species, Lucanus maculifemoratus and Prosopocoilus inclinatus: what overcomes a body size disadvantage?

In intra- and interspecific interactions, generally, body size differences between contestants are important, with larger animals being superior competitors. The males of two species of Japanese stag beetles, Lucanus maculifemoratus and Prosopocoilus inclinatus, have intrasexually selected large mandibles. Because these two species are sympatric and feed on the same food, winning interspecific competitions might have considerable effects on male fitness with regard to access to limited resources. If the outcome of interspecific competitions between these two species of beetles is determined by body size, the advantage would lie with the larger species, L. maculifemoratus. To test this prediction, we examined the behaviour and outcome of contests between these two species in detail. Contrary to our expectations, the larger size of the male L. maculifemoratus did not provide a competitive advantage against P. inclinatus. The higher winning rate of P. inclinatus was attributable to differences in mandible use: male L. maculifemoratus nipped the opponent’s dorsal side and threw it, whereas male P. inclinatus nipped both ventral and dorsal sides. The proximate cause of this difference was the interspecies difference in tactile stimulation to the mandible: a tactile stimulus on the underside of the mandible resulting in mandible-nipping behaviour was observed in both species, whereas a tactile stimulus to the upper side of the mandible resulting in mandible-nipping behaviour was observed only in P. inclinatus. The present study provides an important counter-example to the general belief that larger species have an advantage in interspecific contests involving physical combat.
Antigenic Expression of Neuron-Associated Class III Beta-Tubulin Isotype (hβ4) and Microtubule-Associated Protein 2 (MAP2) by the Human Retinoblastoma Cell Line WERI-Rbl

The antigenic expression of two neuron-associated microtubule proteins, class III β-tubulin isotype (hβ4) and microtubule-associated protein 2 (MAP2), was evaluated in a comparative immunoblot and immunocytochemical study of the human retinoblastoma cell line WERI-Rbl maintained for up to 30 days in three different in vitro conditions. Western blots were performed on whole sodium dodecyl sulfate extracts of cells grown in floating suspensions, on Gelfoam matrices and on coverslips. Immunoperoxidase histochemistry was performed on matrix cultures. Immunoblotting demonstrated that hβ4 and MAP2 were present under all culture conditions. By immunocytochemistry, staining of cytologically undifferentiated cells with anti-hβ4 and anti-MAP2 monoclonal antibodies was found on Gelfoam matrix explants. In contrast, glial fibrillary acidic protein was not detected by either immunoblots or immunocytochemistry. These findings are in keeping with the solely neuroblastic nature of this line and provide no evidence for its divergent (i.e. neuronal and glial) differentiation capacity.
Mobile Communication in Organizations

Mobile information technologies within organizations shape the way work is conducted. Equally, working practices and organizational arrangements shape the specific technological configurations. Whereas much of the research into mobile communication emphasizes peer-to-peer voice and message communication, the organizational use of mobile communications has for much longer engaged in more complex configurations of mobile technologies. As such, the organizational experiences precede the widespread consumer use of a diversity of smartphone and tablet apps. This chapter explores, based on a review of the related literature, the broader role of mobile communications where peer-to-peer mobile voice and message connectivity is only one aspect among several. The chapter discusses in detail and exemplifies through cases the impact of mobile communication on interactional barriers, the degree of individual discretion and centralized control, and the possibilities to exercise algorithmic agency. Portfolios of data services shape the possibility for redesigned and complex collaborative patterns.