Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Collision free motion planning for two robots operating in a common workspace

This paper presents a collision free motion planning method for two robots operating in a common three dimensional workspace. Initial time-optimal trajectories are constructed without attention to potential collision. These trajectories are then used to construct a collision map highlighting areas of collision. The collision map uses joint velocity to determine the optimum sampling frequency which makes the collision detection process computationally efficient and suitable for real-time implementation. Collision free trajectories are obtained either by time scheduling or alternatively, utilising a simple search technique to derive a new collision free path and then deriving a minimum time trajectory for this path. An example is shown which shows the significance of the approach and implementation issues are discussed. >
Viability of Probiotic Bacteria in Yogurt Supplemented with Enzyme-Bioconverted Ginseng, Ascorbic Acid, and Yeast Extract

The effects of yogurt supplementation with enzyme-bioconverted ginseng (EBG), ascorbic acid, and yeast extract on the bacterial counts of Streptococcus thermophilus, Lactobacillus acidophilus LA-5, and Bifidobacterium BB-12 were investigated to develop healthy yogurts with high probiotic counts during storage. In addition, the colors and viscosities of the yogurts were determined. EBG, ascorbic acid, and yeast extract did not affect S. thermophilus counts. EBG and ascorbic acid enhanced the viabilities of L. acidophilus LA-5 and Bifidobacterium BB-12 during storage. Yeast extract improved growth of L. acidophilus LA-5 and Bifidobacterium BB-12 during fermentation. EBG turned the yogurt into brown color. We conclude that supplementation of yogurt with EBG, ascorbic acid, and yeast extract may enhance its health-promoting functions by increasing the viability of probiotics, which can thus promote consumption of the yogurt.
Internet Reliability with Realistic Peering

Peering between network providers is modeled as a set of interconnections at hub nodes. The paper employs probabilistic methods to determine the likelihood of a path between nodes, under a variety of simulated disruptions or failures of parts of a network. Reliability is measured as the probability of withstanding failure of network components such as nodes or linkages. A reliability envelope is devised in order to define a range of impacts—with the recognition that the damage to subsets of the network can vary from a relatively benign effect to a much more critical or lethal impact. Thus, we describe a range of scenarios from best to worst, within the same level of infrastructure loss. With the use of simulation data for the United States, results show the critical role of major hubs in sustaining communication among cities. In the paper we highlight especially reliable nodes (for example, Chicago and Atlanta) and those that are most susceptible (for example, Birmingham, Alabama, and Nashville, Tennessee). Failure in major hub cities such as Chicago, Dallas, and San Francisco would significantly influence adjacent areas and could cause severe degradation for the entire network with a loss of resiliency to below tolerable levels. An important finding is that various patterns in the reliability envelope can be influenced by factors such as network structures, hub structures, and geographical locations.
Link Mining For Contextual Prioritization OfTactical Information

To address the problem of information overload in military Command and Control (C2), we have prototyped a Tactical Information Prioritization System (TIPS). TIPS performs link mining on relational, C2 databases in order to dynamically determine the relevance of a given report to a generic military unit of interest. Emerging C2 database schemas, such as C2 Integrated Exchange Data Model (C2IEDM), support this goal by providing multiple, overlapping pathways to relate disparate battlespace objects. By leveraging the C2IEDM schema, we have developed a set of queries to mine context-sensitive relationships for a given report/unit pairing. These findings are then interpreted by a Bayesian Network to prioritize a set of reports for transmission to the specified unit. Our testing shows that the TIPS recommendations approximate those of group of human analysts.
Object-oriented Programming for the Macintosh

When writing can change your life, when writing can enrich you by offering much money, why don't you try it? Are you still very confused of where getting the ideas? Do you still have no idea with what you are going to write? Now, you will need reading. A good writer is a good reader at once. You can define how you write depending on what books to read. This object oriented programming for the macintosh can help you to solve the problem. It can be one of the right sources to develop your writing skill.
North-East Indian face database: its design and aspects

The outer shell of human face may seem different in multiple occasions due to its flexibility and three dimensional formation. Researchers are developing robust algorithms efficient for automatic face detection, recognition and expression analysis, even in the presence of the difficulties caused by source of illumination, incidental angle of illumination, facial expression, head orientation, age, occlusion, facial surgery, facial hair, etc. But, to determine the efficiency of these algorithms, it requires to be tested using quality face images of benchmark databases. Here, we have studied some of the recent 2D face image databases with a comparative analysis between them. We have also described a visual face database being developed in the Biometrics Laboratory of Tripura University, India, containing the face images from the north-eastern states of India with variations in expression, illumination, pose etc.
On usage models of content-based image search, filtering, and annotation

VIMA has experienced an increasing demand for Content-based Image Retrieval (CBIR) systems since late 2004. In this paper, we report the search, filtering, and annotation systems that we have developed and deployed, and the user models of these systems. The objective of this paper is to provide to the researchers and developers in the area of image retrieval, guidelines for measuring the performance of their algorithms/systems, in a way that is consonant with the requirements of the users. We also enumerate technical challenges of building CBIR systems, and outline our solutions to tackle these challenges.
Removal of respiratory artifacts from cardiogenic impedance signal by digital filtering

The use of a digital high-pass filter designed and implemented on a personal computer for thoracic impedance cardiography (ZCG) is discussed. Two male subjects were tested under supine, sitting and 50-W exercise conditions. The first derivative of the thoracic impedance signal was recorded by a standard four-electrode impedance cardiograph. The digital high-pass filter automatically selects its cutoff frequency (CF) as a fraction of the heart rate. It was determined that a fractional value of 0.35 provides the best elimination of breathing artifacts with minimal effect on the cardiac signal. <<ETX>>
The Effectiveness of Different Representations for Managerial Problem Solving: Comparing Tables and Maps

Geographic Information Systems (GIS) enable decision makers to view tabular data geographically, as maps. This simple yet powerful visual format appears to facilitate problem solving, yet how it does so is not clear, nor do we know the types of problems that benefit from this representation. To begin to understand the contributions of geographic representations over tabular representations, we conducted a three-factor experiment in problem solving. The experiment contained two different representations (map and table), three different geographic relationships (proximity, adjacency, and containment), and three levels of task difficulty (low, medium, and high). We found that maps generally produced faster problem solving than tables, and that problem-solving time increased with task difficulty. Most importantly, for the proximity and adjacency geographic relationships we found that maps kept problem-solving time low, while tables tended to increase time dramatically. However, we found that the number of knowledge states for each task explains performance times quite well and is a useful tool for understanding performance differences and interaction effects. As tasks become more difficult, representing them as maps generally keeps the number of knowledge states small, while for tables, the number of knowledge states increases dramatically. Correspondingly, problem-solving times increase dramatically with tables, but not with maps. In sum, as difficulty increases, maps are more effective for problem-solving tasks. Using maps, the tasks are simplified using visual heuristics that keep problemsolving times and error rates from rising as quickly as they do with tables.
A New Method of Software Clone Detection Based on Binary Instruction Structure Analysis

This paper aims to propose a new method based on binary instruction structure analysis to detect the degree of similarity among softwares, which provides a technical reference for the software clone detection. Without source codes of software, it makes a reverse analysis of the disassembly of an executable file, and has similarity intercomparison through function snipping, instructions classifying and weighting on the function similarity which is computed by the longest common subsequence (LCS). In the process of intercomparsion, this paper has considered that the program execution process and the function call sequences have impact on the code layout. The algorithm is optimized to achieve more accurate similarity by parsing and optimizing the executable file structure on the level of instruction executive structure. It provides a new way to detect software clone in case of no source codes, which is proved effective by the experiment.
How robust are stratospheric age of air trends from different reanalyses?

Abstract. An accelerating Brewer–Dobson circulation (BDC) is a robust signal of climate change in model predictions but has been questioned by trace gas observations. We analyse the stratospheric mean age of air and the full age spectrum as measures for the BDC and its trend. Age of air is calculated using the Chemical Lagrangian Model of the Stratosphere (CLaMS) driven by ERA-Interim, JRA-55 and MERRA-2 reanalysis data to assess the robustness of the representation of the BDC in current generation meteorological reanalyses. We find that the climatological mean age significantly depends on the reanalysis, with JRA-55 showing the youngest and MERRA-2 the oldest mean age. Consideration of the age spectrum indicates that the older air for MERRA-2 is related to a stronger spectrum tail, which is likely associated with weaker tropical upwelling and stronger recirculation. Seasonality of stratospheric transport is robustly represented in reanalyses, with similar mean age variations and age spectrum peaks. Long-term changes from 1989 to 2015 turn out to be similar for the reanalyses with mainly decreasing mean age accompanied by a shift of the age spectrum peak towards shorter transit times, resembling the forced response in climate model simulations to increasing greenhouse gas concentrations. For the shorter periods, 1989–2001 and 2002–2015, the age of air changes are less robust. Only ERA-Interim shows the hemispheric dipole pattern in age changes from 2002 to 2015 as viewed by recent satellite observations. Consequently, the representation of decadal variability of the BDC in current generation reanalyses appears less robust and is a major uncertainty of modelling the BDC.
Computational limitations of model‐based recognition

Reliable object recognition is an essential part of most visual systems. Model‐based approaches to object recognition use a database (a library) of modeled objects; for a given set of sensed data, the problem of model‐based recognition is to identify and locate the objects from the library that are present in the data. We show that the complexity of model‐based recognition depends very heavily on the number of object models in the library even if each object is modeled by a small number of discrete features. Specifically, deciding whether a discrete set of sensed data can be interpreted as transformed object models from a given library is NP‐complete if the transformation is any combination of translation, rotation, scaling, and perspective projection. This suggests that efficient algorithms for model‐based recognition must use additional structure to avoid the inherent computational difficulties. © 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Symbolic computing, Lisp languages, and parallel computing

In this paper we review symbolic parallel programming issues. We start describing the peculiarities of symbolic programming. Next, we review the standard parallel programming framework for the imperative-like languages. Also the autoscheduling environment, proposed by Polychronopoulos (1990), is introduced. The current extensions for symbolic parallel programming are described. The problem how to efficiently manage the parallelism in LISP is addressed, and the Hierarchical Task Graph, an intermediate program representation in which the parallelism is expressed by the task hierarchy, and the associated run-time model are also described. The extensions necessary to manage the parallelism at run-time in a multiprogramming environment are described. <<ETX>>
65.4: Invited Paper: Key Human Visual System Components as Applied to Display Algorithms

In most display applications, the final step is the viewing by human observers, so it is only logical to use current quantitative knowledge of the visual system in the design of imaging and display algorithms. This talk will cover key human visual system attributes, their modeling as separate components, and how they have been used in our labs to design new display algorithms and fine‐tune existing approaches. Some of the resulting algorithms described will include: motion‐adaptive backlight flashing, skin‐cognizant color mapping, two‐spatial channel architecture for color mapping and decontouring, bit‐depth extension, subpixel subsampling, and wavelet compression. The talk will also cover the new challenges that arise in very large (>100″) and bright (>500 cd/m∧2) displays, in terms of peripheral sensitivity and improved smooth pursuit eye movement capability.
GLUE 2 deployment: Ensuring quality in the EGI/WLCG information system

The GLUE 2 information model is now fully supported in the production EGI/WLCG information system. However, to make it usable and allow clients to rely on the published information it is important that the meaning is clearly defined, and that information providers and site configurations are validated to ensure as far as possible that what they publish is correct. In this paper we describe the definition of a detailed schema usage profile, the implementation of a software tool to validate published information according to the profile and the use of the tool in the production Grid, and also summarise the overall state of GLUE 2 deployment.
The 3-D Model of Information Systems Success: The Search for the Dependent Variable Continues

Research into the issue of information systems IS success is vital if IS is to demonstrate its worth. Predicated upon success not being a random variable, a number of models which attempt to delineate success and its causes have been proposed. One of the more complete and better known is that of DeLone and McLean 1992. This model has been used as a basis for empirical research in information systems success. Since its development other researchers have refined and extended the model. This paper attempts to take the analysis further. It evaluates the DeLone and McLean model on a number of dimensions, and a new model is proposed which fundamentally extends DeLone and McLean's work. The new 3-D model is described and its contribution to further research assessed.
Performance Analysis of No Reference Image quality based on Human Perception

In this work, a No-Reference objective image quality assessment based on NRDPF-IQA metric and classification based metric are tested using LIVE database, which consisting of Gaussian white noise, Gaussian blur, Rayleigh fast fading channel, JPEG compressed images, JPEG2000 images. We plot the Spearman’s Rank Order Correlation Coefficient [SROCC] between each of these features and human DMOS from the LIVE-IQA database using our proposed method to ascertain how well the features correlate with human judgement quality. The analysis of the testing and training is done by SVM model. The proposed method shows better results compared with the earlier methods. Finally, the results are generated by using MATLAB. DOI: http://dx.doi. org/10.11591/ijece.v4i6. 6783
Multipath resolving with frequency dependence for wide-band wireless channel modeling

Multiple ray paths are resolved using high-resolution digital signal processing algorithms. The Cramer-Rao (CR) bound is used as a benchmark where a combination of the singular value decomposition method and the eigen-matrix pencil method is proven to be most successful. The conventional complex channel model for wireless propagation is extended to include the frequency-dependent feature of rays which can be used to classify the ray arrivals and provide physical insight of the channel. A novel complex-time model is used to approximate the suggested model. This approach is important to various applications such as equalizers, RAKE receivers, etc., in wireless communication systems. Five key features (noise immunity, robustness, resolution, accuracy, and physical insight) of the proposed algorithm are studied using numerical examples.
The mechanism of defibrillation and cardioversion

Sudden cardiac death due to ventricular fibrillation is responsible for over 400,000 deaths per year in the United States alone. The only treatment for this fatal arrhythmia is electrical defibrillation of the ventricle. During the initial seconds of ventricular fibrillation, multiple reentry circuits cause action potentials to occur rapidly with a cycle length determined primarily by the cellular refractory period. A successful defibrillation shock stimulates cells during the refractory period to produce a prolonged postshock response throughout the ventricle. The ventricle is then refractory to propagating fibrillation wavefronts and fibrillation ceases. Biphasic defibrillator waveforms, formed by reversing the polarity partway through the shock, lower defibrillation threshold significantly thereby allowing nonthoracotomy implantation of implantable cardioverter-defibrillators (ICDs). These waveforms appear to defibrillate at lower shock intensities primarily because sodium channel recovery from inactivation by the first phase of the waveform allows the shock to produce the required prolonged responses at these lower intensities. Defibrillation becomes much more difficult at the longer fibrillation durations encountered in "out-of-hospital" cardiac arrest, due to changes in fibrillation morphology. Recent studies suggest that sodium channel recovery produced by biphasic waveforms may also have the potential to increase probability of successful resuscitation under these more stringent conditions.
Heterogeneous sulfate aerosol formation mechanisms during wintertime Chinese haze events: air quality model assessment using observations of sulfate oxygen isotopes in Beijing

Abstract. Air quality models have not been able to reproduce the magnitude of the observed concentrations of fine particulate matter (PM2.5) during wintertime Chinese haze events. The discrepancy has been at least partly attributed to low biases in modeled sulfate production rates, due to the lack of heterogeneous sulfate production on aerosols in the models. In this study, we explicitly implement four heterogeneous sulfate formation mechanisms into a regional chemical transport model, in addition to gas-phase and in-cloud sulfate production. We compare the model results with observations of sulfate concentrations and oxygen isotopes, Δ17O(SO42-), in the winter of 2014–2015, the latter of which is highly sensitive to the relative importance of different sulfate production mechanisms. Model results suggest that heterogeneous sulfate production on aerosols accounts for about 20 % of sulfate production in clean and polluted conditions, partially reducing the modeled low bias in sulfate concentrations. Model sensitivity studies in comparison with the Δ17O(SO42-) observations suggest that heterogeneous sulfate formation is dominated by transition metal ion-catalyzed oxidation of SO2.
Hybrid grammar-bigram speech recognition system with first-order dependence model

An experimental PC-based isolated-word sentence recognizer with two competing language models is described. A probabilistic grammar acts as the main language model and gives the best performance for sentences within its scope, and a bigram model services as backup for the exceptions. Automatic language model selection is based on probability. Context-free parse tree probabilities are products of probabilities of the rules invoked. This context-freeness is unrealistic, and a method for imposing limited context dependence on the rules is described, using first-order conditional probabilities controlled by mutual information. The method has the advantage of being data-driven, based on measured joint distributions of pairs of symbols. <<ETX>>
A Simulation on the Improved Energy Saving Protocol of AODV for Mobile Ad Hoc Network

The fixed communication interruption easily occurs in extreme disaster situation, so it needs a robust mobile Ad hoc wireless communication to deliver the rescue information with high quality and efficiency. But the widespread excessive energy consumptions loaded in mobile Ad hoc wireless routing network have become the restriction bottleneck of its application. Based on the routing protocol of AODV, this paper proposed a routing algorithm of AODVSE energy-saving protocol, and studied its effects of the working performance on mobile Ad hoc wireless network. The simulation results showed that the AODVSE protocol could be better to improve the energy-saving performance than AODV and DSR protocols by reducing the routing expiration time and the routing load and extending the network lifetime, in order to help to implement the accurate and immediate rescue.
SYNTHESIS AND ANTIBACTERIAL ACTIVITY OF COMPOSITE BASED ON CHITOSAN-GRAFTED-(N-BUTYL ACRYLATE) AND SILVER NANOPARTICLES

It has been found for a long time that chitosan (CS) and silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) have outstanding antibacterial activities but there were some drawbacks restricting their wide utilization. In this research, CS modified is combined with AgNPs to expand applications and enhance the antibacterial activities. The colloid of CS and AgNPs (CS/Ag) was synthesized via chemical reduction while grafting copolymerization was carried out with monomer n-butyl acrylate (BA) and initiator tert-butyl hydroperoxide (TBHP) generating composite between CS-g-BA/Ag. The effects of parameters on synthesizing CS-g-BA/Ag composite were studied by determining the grafting percentage (G%) and grafting efficiency (E%).
Class-Dependent Gating Algorithm in Data Association

Most conventional tracking gate algorithms only use the targets’ kinematic measurement information, which is typically resulted in great uncertainties of measurement-to-track association for multi-target tracking in clutter. The problem of constructing tracking gates using targets' class information is considered. The proposed algorithm integrates targets' identity information into the traditional tracking gating techniques. First, a class-dependent gate corresponding to each class of targets is developed. Second, the algorithm for constructing the class-dependent gate is given. Simulations are carried out to examine the proposed algorithm, where the simulation scenario shows that the measurement-to-track association using the class-dependent gating algorithm is significantly better than traditional method.