Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Epidemiology of urinary tract diseases in general practice

During a one-year morbidity survey of urinary tract diseases in general practice 741 cases were diagnosed. Only about half of all the patients with symptoms of urinary tract infection had significant bacteriuria. In young women urinary tract infections and symptoms from the urinary tract without bacteriuria—in particular urethritis—were found to predominate. In middle-aged women, the urinary tract symptoms were ascribed increasingly to genital prolapse, while incidence of urolithiasis was the highest in any group, and urinary tract infections became less frequent. The prevalence of urinary tract infection showed another increase in elderly women, and recurrent/chronic pyelonephritis, which occurs with a steadily increasing prevalence throughout all age groups, became common. In younger male urological patients diseases with symptoms of urinary tract infection without bacteriuria were predominant, whereas prostatitis and urinary tract infections were less frequent. In middle-aged men, urolithiasis was especially frequent, while an increasing proportion of elderly men had prostatic hypertrophy, urinary tract infections, and recurrent/chronic pyelonephritis.
Storage System Manufacturability , Portability and Modularity for a Pico Hydro Turbine

Article history: Received 4 April 2018 Received in revised form 5 July 2018 Accepted 7 July 2018 Available online 11 November 2018 Pico hydro (<5 kW) is a type of power plant that could solve the problem of electricity access in remote, hilly regions with a water source, because investment and operational costs for such systems are lower than for wind turbines or solar PV. One obstacle often encountered in the use of pico hydro turbines is low RPM. It is possible to solve this problem using a DC generator and battery. This study will examine the design for a portable storage system that is easy to manufacture and operate. Three pieces of equipment are needed in designing such a storage system: a power source (DC generator), a battery with a capacity of 13-15 volts and 6 amperes, and a DC-to-AC converter. Storage system reliability is tested with four load variations: 12 Watts, 18 Watts, 37 Watts, and 46 Watts. In a 12-Watt load test, the storage system can operate for 355 minutes, while an 18-Watt test results in 137 minutes of operation, a 37-watt test lasts for 54 minutes, and a 46-Watt tests operates for 44 minutes. A Pelton turbine (<20 Watts) is used to charge the system. The Pelton turbine requires 905 minutes to charge a battery from a capacity of 23% to a capacity of 97%. To ensure the storage system operates well, charging is also enabled using solar PV (30-40 watts). By using solar PV, the storage system was charged within 476 minutes (08:42-16:38 IWST). Such a storage system provides good modularity because it weighs only 38 kg and takes up a volume of 0.016 m3; it is also portable, easy to use, and easy to manufacture, as the key components are a battery and a DC-to-AC converter.
Environmental Effects on Cellular Photosensitization: Correlation of Phototoxicity Mechanism with Transient Absorption Spectroscopy Measurements

Abstract— Little is directly known about the influence of the local environment experienced by a photosensitizer in a biological system on its photophysics and photochemistry. In this paper, we have addressed this issue by correlating mechanistic studies using laser flash photolysis with cellular phototoxicity data, obtained under the same experimental conditions. In particular, we have focused on the interaction between local concentrations of photosensitizer (deuteroporphyrin) and oxygen in determining the mechanism of phototoxicity in L1210 cells. In cells, as well as in models such as liposomes and red blood cell ghosts, hypochromicity and a reduction in fluorescence and intersystem crossing yields are observed on increasing the photosensitizer concentration between 0.5 and 20 μM, which illustrates the onset of a self‐association. In aerated cellular preparations, the phototoxicity is predominantly type II (singlet oxygen) for all concentrations studied but an oxygen‐independent mechanism occurs at the higher concentrations in deaerated samples. These observations are readily explained by consideration of triplet state kinetics as a function of oxygen and photosensitizer concentrations in cells. The rate constant for quenching of the photosensitizer triplet state by oxygen in cells was measured as 6.6 × 108 M−1 s−1 and by photosensitizer ground state as ‐106M−1s−1 (in terms of local concentration). The latter reaction gave rise to a long‐lived species that is presumably responsible for the oxygen‐independent phototoxicity observed at the higher photosensitizer concentrations used. This self‐quenching of the triplet state is postulated to arise from electron transfer resulting in radical ion formation. Under conditions where no self‐quenching contributes, the phototoxicity measured as a function of oxygen concentration correlates well with a model based on the determined kinetic parameters, thus, unambiguously proving the intermediacy of singlet oxygen. These effects should be borne in mind when interpreting phototoxicity mechanisms from in vitro cell studies. The excellent correlation achieved between laser flash photolysis data and measured phototoxicity gives credence to the direct use of photophysical techniques to elucidate photochemical mechanisms in biological media.
Influence of Social Security on the Fertility Intention of Second Child——Based on the Research of Chinese General Social Survey

With the reform of population policy, the second child is fully open, and the research on the willingness of young people can explore the practical effects of the second child policy. Based on the Chinese General Social Survey (CGSS2013), this paper uses Probit model to measure the following conclusions: first, having basic medical insurance and commercial endowment insurance can improve people's willingness to have a second child. Second, men, married and rural Registered residence will also increase people's willingness to have a second child. Third, a healthy physical condition has an inhibitory effect on the fertility willingness of the second child. Fourth, the family of the son has been considered by the children and the children, and there is a stronger willingness to have a second child without the worries of raising children and preventing the elderly.
Schistosomiasis can be prevented.

A project in Saint Lucia has shown that, as well as preventing gastroenteritis among infants, improved water supplies lead to a reduction in the transmission of schistosomiasis. Furthermore, after the widespread use of antischistosomal drugs, no increase in the prevalence of infection was observed over 4 years in villages with a standpipe water supply, laundries and showers. This project was designed to evaluate 3 methods of combating schistosomiasis--snail control, chemotherapy, and reducing risk of infection by providing safe water. Initially a comprehensive water delivery system, consisting of a water outlet to each house, communal laundries, shower facilities, and play pools for children, was used. Health education induced women to refrain from washing clothes in rivers, and, as a consequence, children accompanying their mothers were less exposed to infected river water; over a 4 year study period the incidence of new Schistosoma mansoni infections among children aged 2-5 years fell from 19.3% to 4.5%. Over the same period in villages served by a standpipe system the incidence fell only very slightly, from 16.5% to 14%.
E-Commerce and Social Media Use in Cambodia Completed Research

We adopt Media system dependency theory (MSD) to examine e-commerce and social media use in Cambodia. A field study was conducted by performing semi-structured interviews with three major ecommerce website owners: Little Fashion, Khmer24.com, and Comptech.com. Through the lens of MSD, we observe how these e-commerce websites were established by using a grass-root approach. Furthermore, we interview local business owners who are using social media—Facebook and YouTube—as tools of marketing and customer services. We found that 1) e-commerce activities are fully depends on social media and that 2) from a media perspective Facebook plays the role of fulfilling user’s needs of getting information and services and that 3) e-commerce activities are highly depend on big players such as Facebook and Google. We also found that the environment is yet mature for e-commerce activities but opportunities exist for business ventures. The social background of Cambodia is unique, as such, the online activities and social media use behavior is completely different from what is observed in western countries and we conclude few unintended consequences of social media use which go beyond the scope of our knowledge.
Interpretation of the Value Relevance Indicator With(out) Dummies

In the value relevance (VR) literature, the R2 figure of a regression is considered the VR indicator. Furthermore, a financial reporting item is considered value relevant if its regression coefficient is statistically significant. The variation across the variables of interest is named unobservable heterogeneity (UH) which leads to biased estimators and generates incorrect inferences. The common approach of eliminating UH is adding dummies into a regression. However, this method adds the explanatory power of dummies to that of accounting items, and it eventually results in inflated R2 figures. Hence, R2 figures become misleading with dummies since R2 figures do not purely explain the VR of accounting items. This chapter suggests demeaning as an alternative methodology to deal with UH. Although demeaning and adding dummies are the same methodology of mitigating UH, this chapter documents that adding dummies inflates R2 figures while demeaning does not.
A physiological evaluation of the ef fi cacy of pain-mitigation strategies for cautery-disbudded goat kids

Introduction Cautery disbudding is a painful procedure commonly performed on-farm to destroy the horn bud cells of goat kids to prevent horn growth. Disbudding is performed because horns can injure pen mates and stock people. Globally, standard practice of disbudding typically excludes the use of pain-mitigation and there are few studies investigating kid responses to disbudding and different pain-mitigation strategies. To date, pain-mitigation strategies used when disbudding kids include administration of non-steroidal anti-infl ammatory drugs (NSAIDs), local anaesthesia (LA) and general anaesthesia (GA). Meloxicam (NSAID) reduced pain-related responses in cautery-disbudded kids (Ingvast-Larsson et al. 2011). Local anaesthetics (e.g., lignocaine), however, have not shown to be affective at reducing the pain response following disbudding (Alvarez et al. 2015). General anaesthesia has been used in kids, but its effect on pain-related responses was not assessed (Ingvast-Larsson et al. 2011). The objective of this study was to evaluate the physiological response to different painmitigation strategies for cautery-disbudding in goat kids.
Language Model Adaptation and Analysis for Individuality Transforming 水上 雅博

In text and speech, there are various features that express the individuality of the writer or speaker. We proposed a method for transforming individuality using a technique inspired by statistical machine translation (SMT), and showed the effectiveness. In previous work, we proposed a method for paraphrasing for characteristic words using n-gram clustering. However, the method can be improved, because it considers only short context. In this paper, we propose a model of transforming individuality that considers longer contexts. To achieve this, we suggest adaptation of the language models and expansion of paraphrasing for characteristic words.
Antipsychotic drug administration does not correlate with prolonged rate-corrected QT interval in children and adolescents: results from a nested case-control study.

BACKGROUND The rate-corrected QT interval (QTc) prolongation is a risk factor for sudden cardiac death and may be induced by antipsychotic drugs. OBJECTIVE To determine the clinical characteristics associated with QTc prolongation (440 msec or greater) in children and adolescents hospitalized for treatment of psychiatric disorders. METHOD We determined the frequency of baseline prolongation of QTc in 811 psychiatric pediatric inpatients (15.5 ± 2.4 years of age). QTc duration was 440 msec or greater (range 441-481 msec) in 16 patients (1.97%). In a 1:5 nested case-control design, the 16 patients with prolonged QTc were age- and gender-matched with 80 patients with QTc of <421 msec. RESULTS Patients with normal and prolonged QTc had similar utilization of antipsychotics (43.8% vs. 40.8%) and daily chlorpromazine equivalents (165 ± 110 vs. 168 ± 218 mg). Hypokalemia (p = 0.009) and obesity (p = 0.032) were more common among patients with prolonged QTc. The correlation between obesity and QTc prolongation was confirmed in logistic regression analysis. CONCLUSIONS In a large cohort of youth hospitalized for treatment of psychiatric disorders, a prolonged QTc on admission was rare and correlated with the presence of obesity, but not with current use of antipsychotic drugs.
Center of Pressure during Gait in Pregnancy-Related Pelvic Girdle Pain and the Effect Belts

About 50% of pregnant women suffer from Pelvic Girdle Pain (PGP) [1]. PGP is reported as the most common cause of sick leave, with up to 32% of women having to take leave during pregnancy. The condition also carries a high risk of injury as the risk of falling increases by 27% during the third trimester [2,3]. The pain is significant and localized in the posterior region of the pelvis, between the posterior iliac crest and the gluteal fold, particularly in the vicinity of the Sacroiliac Joint (SIJ). It may include the pubic symphysis [4,5]. Etiologies of PGP are multifactorial and affect the joint stability of the SIJ. The “self-locking” mechanism explains how shear in the SIJ is prevented by the combination of the anatomical features (form closure) and the compression generated by muscles and ligaments which can be accommodated to the specific loading situation by a self-bracing mechanism (force closure) [6]. PGP appears to be related to hormonal and mechanical factors which have an impact on force closure leading to instability, by a slightly larger range of movement in the pelvic joints [7,8]. Women with PGP suffer from significant impairments during daily activities. Pain manifests mainly in the evening, indicating that pain starts or increases after activities. Standing or sitting, walking and daily activities become limited [4].
Loss of caveolin-1 in cancer associated fibroblasts promotes hepatocellular carcinoma development

Background: Caveolin-1 (Cav-1) expressed by cancer associated fibroblasts (CAFs) has been shown to be an inhibitory factor in many tumors. However, its functions in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), a top killing disease, were not clear. Materials and Methods: In this study, we explored the roles of Cav-1 expressed by CAFs in HCC development and its clinical significance. We collected human HCC tumor tissues to evaluate the Cav-1 expression and correlated it with the overall survival. We also established in-vitro experimental systems to investigate the roles of Cav-1 low expression CAFs in HCC invasion and chemotherapy resistance. Results: We found that loss of Cav-1 in CAFs was an adverse prognosticator for the HCC patients. Biologically, loss of Cav-1 in CAFs promoted the HCC tumor cell invasion and induced multiple drug resistance. In HCC tumor model, tumors with Cav-1 low expression CAFs were not sensitive to chemotherapy. Conclusion: We concluded that the loss of Cav-1 in CAFs might be a promoting factor of HCC development and a biomarker of HCC.
Dual Roles for Spt5 in Pre-mRNA Processing and Transcription Elongation Revealed by Identification of Spt5-Associated Proteins

ABSTRACT During transcription elongation, eukaryotic RNA polymerase II (Pol II) must contend with the barrier presented by nucleosomes. The conserved Spt4-Spt5 complex has been proposed to regulate elongation through nucleosomes by Pol II. To help define the mechanism of Spt5 function, we have characterized proteins that coimmunopurify with Spt5. Among these are the general elongation factors TFIIF and TFIIS as well as Spt6 and FACT, factors thought to regulate elongation through nucleosomes. Spt5 also coimmunopurified with the mRNA capping enzyme and cap methyltransferase, and spt4 and spt5 mutations displayed genetic interactions with mutations in capping enzyme genes. Additionally, we found that spt4 and spt5 mutations lead to accumulation of unspliced pre-mRNA. Spt5 also copurified with several previously unstudied proteins; we demonstrate that one of these is encoded by a new member of the SPT gene family. Finally, by immunoprecipitating these factors we found evidence that Spt5 participates in at least three Pol II complexes. These observations provide new evidence of roles for Spt4-Spt5 in pre-mRNA processing and transcription elongation.
Mining Biological Sequences with Masks

A new notion of motifs, called masks has been introduced, along with the tool MaskMiner to extract them. Masks can be seen as a succinct representation of the repeated patterns occurring in the given input sequence. In this paper we apply this paradigm to mine the sequences of two Glutamate Receptors of human and mouse genomes, and thus discover some properties concerning frequent masks.These experiments will also highlight some interesting peculiarities of MaskMiner.
YOĞUN BAKIM ÜNİTELERİNDEKİ HASTALARDA İNTRAVASKÜLER KATETER

Çalışmamızın amacı, hastanemizin yoğun bakım ünitelerinde yatan 100 hastada kateter (subklavian, femoral, brakial) kültür sonuçlarını araştırmaktır. Üreme saptanan 47 kateterli hastanın eş zamanlı olarak alınan kan kültürlerinin 35’inde (% 74) üreme saptanmazken, 12’sinde (% 26) kateter ve kan kültür örneğinde aynı bakteri saptanmıştır. Yalnızca kateterde üremesi olan 35 hasta kolonizasyon olarak değerlendirilmiştir. Kateter infeksiyonu etkeni olarak 6 metisiline dirençli Staphylococcus aureus, 1 metisiline duyarlı S.aureus, 2 koagülaz negatif stafilokok, 2 Acinetobacter spp. , 1 Klebsiella pneumoniae izole edilmiştir. Gram pozitif bakterilerde glikopeptit ve Gram negatif bakterilerde karbepenem direncine rastlanmamıştır. Alınan tüm önlemlere ve geliştirilen yeni yöntemlere rağmen kateter infeksiyonlarının günümüzde hâlâ sorun olmaya devam ettiği sonucuna varılmıştır.
Gradient-Based Optimal Control of Batteries And HVAC in District Energy Systems

Residential and commercial buildings use nearly 75% of the overall electrical energy in the U.S., and the amount of renewable energy in the grid keeps increasing. Buildings can be an important contributor to ensure a stable grid operation because they can shift their loads to reduce peak demand and flatten the ramps of load increase and decrease. Simulation models that account for building loads and building dynamics, as well as their impact on the electricity distribution grid, are essential to assess different design and control options for buildings and electrical systems. This paper presents the use of such simulation models of dynamic building loads coupled to electrical models within a tool chain that allows efficient numerical solution of nonlinear optimization problems that aim at controlling the voltage stability and thermal comfort while minimizing energy use or energy cost. The optimization problems are formulated using the open-source JModelica software that convert them to a form in which they are solved using the nonlinear programming solver IPOPT. In this formulation, JModelica converts an infinite-dimensional optimization problem, defined on the solution of the differential equations of the simulation model, to a finite-dimensional nonlinear programming problem using computer algebra and collocation methods.
VIRTUAL EXPERIMENTATION AND VISUAL ANALYTICS IN SUPPORT OF SYSTEMS ENGINEERING AND SYSTEMS OF SYSTEMS ENGINEERING EFFORTS

This paper addresses and illustrates the benefits of leveraging virtual experimentation and visual analytics to support system and system of systems engineering practices and efforts. It presents some of the challenges faced by the system of systems community throughout the systems engineering process and discusses the importance of virtual experimentation in the engineering of complex systems and the necessity to integrate it with visual analytics capabilities. In particular, two cases studies are presented that illustrate how virtual experimentation and visual analytics can be leveraged to help speed up the systems engineering process and provide meaningful engineering insights to support decision making.
Preferences for ultraviolet partners in the blue tit

The preference of female blue tits, Parus caeruleus, is correlated with the brightness of the ultraviolet (UV) crest; there is also assortative mating with respect to the crest's UV/violet chroma. However, manipulation of plumage reflectance is necessary to infer a direct causal link between UV plumage and mate choice. We gave both male and female blue tits a choice between a UV-reflecting ('UV+') partner and a partner whose UV plumage reflectance had been removed ('UV-'). Male blue tits significantly preferred UV+ females. Similarly, female blue tits tended to prefer UV-reflecting males, but their UV+ preferences were nonsignificant. Neither sex showed a preference when conspecifics were replaced by a heterospecific. This study suggests mutual mate choice but male choice may be more strongly influenced by the visual appearance of potential mates. This is one of a few studies to show male mate preferences and the first demonstration of a direct relationship between UV reflectance and male mate choice. Copyright 1999 The Association for the Study of Animal Behaviour.
Explicit Discourse Relation Parsing Of Chinese Text

Discourse relations can be expressed explicitly or implicitly. This paper focused on explicit discourse relations that are explicitly signaled by discourse connectives. We proposed an explicit discourse relation parsing platform, containing connective identification and sense classification. Using 500 texts from the Chinese Discourse TreeBank corpus (CTB), we annotated an explicit discourse relations corpus. Considering headwords of connectives, we constructed a connective identifier using maximum entropy based on this corpus, which resports F1 of 66.79%. And a sense classifier based on the context of connective itself is proposed and reports F1 of 91.92%.