Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A Digital Companion, the Emma App, for Ecological Momentary Assessment and Prevention of Suicide: Quantitative Case Series Study

Background Many suicide risk factors have been identified, but traditional clinical methods do not allow for the accurate prediction of suicide behaviors. To face this challenge, emma, an app for ecological momentary assessment (EMA), ecological momentary intervention (EMI), and prediction of suicide risk in high-risk patients, was developed. Objective The aim of this case report study was to describe how subjects at high risk of suicide use the emma app in real-world conditions. Methods The Ecological Mental Momentary Assessment (EMMA) study is an ongoing, longitudinal, interventional, multicenter trial in which patients at high risk for suicide are recruited to test emma, an app designed to be used as a self-help tool for suicidal crisis management. Participants undergo clinical assessment at months 0, 1, 3, and 6 after inclusion, mainly to assess and characterize the presence of mental disorders and suicidal thoughts and behaviors. Patient recruitment is still ongoing. Some data from the first 14 participants who already completed the 6-month follow-up were selected for this case report study, which evaluated the following: (1) data collected by emma (ie, responses to EMAs), (2) metadata on emma use, (3) clinical data, and (4) qualitative assessment of the participants' experiences. Results EMA completion rates were extremely heterogeneous with a sharp decrease over time. The completion rates of the weekly EMAs (25%-87%) were higher than those of the daily EMAs (0%-53%). Most patients (10/14, 71%) answered the EMA questionnaires spontaneously. Similarly, the use of the Safety Plan Modules was very heterogeneous (2-75 times). Specifically, 11 patients out of 14 (79%) used the Call Module (1-29 times), which was designed by our team to help them get in touch with health care professionals and/or relatives during a crisis. The diversity of patient profiles and use of the EMA and EMI modules proposed by emma were highlighted by three case reports. Conclusions These preliminary results indicate that patients have different clinical and digital profiles and needs that require a highly scalable, interactive, and customizable app. They also suggest that it is possible and acceptable to collect longitudinal, fine-grained, contextualized data (ie, EMA) and to offer personalized intervention (ie, EMI) in real time to people at high risk of suicide. To become a complementary tool for suicide prevention, emma should be integrated into existing emergency procedures. Trial Registration ClinicalTrials.gov NCT03410381; https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03410381
Predictors of mortality in treatment experienced HIV-infected patients in northern Tanzania

Background While factors that drive early mortality among people living with HIV (PLWH) initiating antiretroviral therapy (ART) in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) have been described, less is known about the predictors of long-term mortality for those with ART experience. Methods PLWH and on ART attending two HIV treatment clinics in Moshi, Tanzania were enrolled from 2008 through 2009 and followed for 3.5 years. Demographic, psychosocial, and clinical information were collected at enrollment. Plasma HIV RNA measurements were collected annually. Cause of death was adjudicated by two independent reviewers based on verbal autopsy information and medical records. Bivariable and multivariable analyses were conducted using Cox proportional hazard models to identify predictors of mortality. Results The analysis included 403 participants. The median (IQR) age in years was 42 (36–48) and 277 (68.7%) participants were female. The proportion of participants virologically suppressed during the 4 collection time points was 88.5%, 94.7%, 91.5%, and 94.5%. During follow-up, 24 participants died; the overall mortality rate was 1.8 deaths per 100 person-years. Of the deaths, 14 (58.3%) were suspected to be HIV/AIDS related. Predictors of mortality (adjusted hazard ratio, 95% confidence interval) were male sex (2.63, 1.01–6.83), secondary or higher education (7.70, 3.02–19.60), receiving care at the regional referral hospital in comparison to the larger zonal referral hospital (6.33, 1.93–20.76), and moderate to severe depression symptoms (6.35, 1.69–23.87). Conclusions As ART coverage continues to expand in SSA, HIV programs should recognize the need for interventions to promote HIV care engagement for men and the integration of mental health screening and treatment with HIV care. Facility-level barriers may contribute to challenges faced by PLWH as they progress through the HIV care continuum, and further understanding of these barriers is needed. The association of higher educational attainment with mortality merits further investigation.
Contextualising Computational Thinking: A Case Study in Remote Rural Sarawak Borneo

The paper describes an exploratory case study on novice indigenous children’s learning characteristics as they learn Computational thinking (CT) competencies, such as abstraction, decomposition, and algorithmic thinking. It employs a quasi-experimental research design with pre-test and post-test instruments. Twenty-two children of an underprivileged Penan community living in a remote village in Sarawak Borneo participated. Through the study, they learned Computational thinking skills using localised instructional strategies, with Scratch™ as their tool to programme. The study used observational field notes, comprehension checks, and participants’ learning products as primary data sources. Findings showed that indigenous children’s learning characteristics were primarily ‘learning-by-making’, collaborative, highly motivated, playful, curious, and imaginative while they attempted to learn Computational thinking. The intervention (treatment) group performed marginally better than the control group in the pre-test and were substantially better in the post-test performance. Findings illustrate a direction in which novice indigenous children could learn and be informed about Computational thinking practices and skills through a mix of game-based learning, collaborative learning, problem-based learning, and project-based learning. Findings also revealed how participants appeared to have gained self-confidence, illustrated creativity on task and were self-critical throughout their participation in the study. https://doi.org/10.26803/ijlter.19. 8.6
Single Source Cascaded H-Bridge Multilevel Inverter Using Switched Capacitor

This paper present a single source cascaded H-bridge multilevel inverter using switched capacitor. The multilevel inverter consists of some of the series connected H-bridge cells. Where each cell required a separate dc source supply. Whereas in this topology separate dc source is replaced by switched capacitor with single dc source supply. Thus by using this method we can reduce the current spike which is harmful while charging the capacitor and it also provide zero current switching condition for charging the switch. The software used for this experiment is Mat lab/SIMULINK. The simulation result for nine level multilevel inverter using switched capacitor is described. Keyword: Cascaded Multilevel Inverter, PI controller.
Corneo-limbo-conjunctival transposition to treat deep and perforating corneal ulcers in dogs: A review of 418 eyes and corneal clarity scoring in 111 eyes.

PURPOSE To report surgical and corneal clarity scores (CCSs) of corneo-limbo-conjunctival transpositions (CLCTs) in a large number of canine cases. METHODS Retrospective review of records that underwent CLCT to repair deep ulcers or perforations between 2002 and 2018. Signalment, concurrent eye disease, additional procedures, pathogenesis, medication, graft orientation, follow-up, and CCSs were recorded. RESULTS 418 eyes of 399 dogs were included. Brachycephalics were most commonly affected, comprising 325/418 (77.75%) of the eyes. The most commonly affected breeds were Pugs, Shih Tzus, Cavalier King Charles Spaniels, and French Bulldogs, with 116/418 (27.75%), 64/418 (15.31%), 34/418 (8.13%), and 34/418 (8.13%) ulcerated eyes, respectively. Mean age at surgery was 5.5 years (range 59 days-17.7 years), and median follow-up time was 100 days (range 3 days-7.64 years). The most common etiopathogenesis was spontaneous ulceration in 205/418 eyes (49.04%) of which 191 (93.17%) occurred in brachycephalics. Primary keratoconjunctivitis sicca affected 122/418 eyes (29.19%) and injury 39/418 eyes (9.33%). Mean ulcer width was 3.5 mm (0.5-10 mm). Success rate was 97.13% (406/418 eyes). Failure end points recorded included no menace response, secondary glaucoma, and endophthalmitis. Pre-existing perforation was found in 101/418 (24.16%) of the eyes and significantly increased failure rate (P < .001). The median CCS was G3 (G0-G4), which was lower for Pugs (G2). Graft orientation affected CCS, but did not reach statistical significance. CONCLUSION The high success rate and CCS for CLCT in dogs make it a good technique to treat deep ulcers but a less desirable outcome is anticipated when treating perforations and Pugs.
Individual mobility prevents an Allee effect in sparse populations of the bush cricket Metrioptera roeseli: an experimental study

The bush cricket, Metrioptera roeseli (Orthoptera, Tettigoniidae), occurs in patchy and heterogeneous agricultural landscapes. Such a mosaic of different types of grassland habitats causes spatial variation in local population density. Low population densities may result in fewer mating opportunities that can give rise to an Allee effect, possibly leading to a population decline or extinction. This experimental study shows that individuals can avoid an Allee effect by adjusting their movement behaviour in sparse populations. Even at a population density of five individuals per hectare, i.e. approximately one percent of normal population densities, no reduction of mating frequencies was detected. Observed net displacements made by different individuals in high and low population densities could successfully be predicted by a simple model of animal movement.
Measurement Properties of Existing Patient-Reported Outcome Measures on Medication Adherence: Systematic Review

Background Medication adherence is essential for improving the health outcomes of patients. Various patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) have been developed to measure medication adherence in patients. However, no study has summarized the psychometric properties of these PROMs to guide selection for use in clinical practice or research. Objective This study aims to evaluate the quality of the PROMs used to measure medication adherence. Methods This study was guided by the PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis) guidelines. Relevant articles were retrieved from the EMBASE, PubMed, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, and CINAHL (Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature) databases. The PROMs were then evaluated based on the COnsensus-based Standards for the selection of health Measurement Instruments (COSMIN) guidelines. Results A total of 121 unique medication adherence PROMs from 214 studies were identified. Hypotheses testing for construct validity and internal consistency were the most frequently assessed measurement properties. PROMs with at least a moderate level of evidence for ≥5 measurement properties include the Adherence Starts with Knowledge 20, Compliance Questionnaire-Rheumatology, General Medication Adherence Scale, Hill-Bone Scale, Immunosuppressant Therapy Barrier Scale, Medication Adherence Reasons Scale (MAR-Scale) revised, 5-item Medication Adherence Rating Scale (MARS-5), 9-item MARS (MARS-9), 4-item Morisky Medication Adherence Scale (MMAS-4), 8-item MMAS (MMAS-8), Self-efficacy for Appropriate Medication Adherence Scale, Satisfaction with Iron Chelation Therapy, Test of Adherence to Inhalers, and questionnaire by Voils. The MAR-Scale revised, MMAS-4, and MMAS-8 have been administered electronically. Conclusions This study identified 121 PROMs for medication adherence and provided synthesized evidence for the measurement properties of these PROMs. The findings from this study may assist clinicians and researchers in selecting suitable PROMs to assess medication adherence.
Putting the muscle back in microcirculation: From firefighters to near‐infrared spectroscopy

Connections link a sequence of three related research papers. The central article which links the other two papers has been published in Experimental Physiology. In a Connections article, an author (or authors) of the central article outlines its principal novel findings, tracing how they were influenced by the first article and how the central article has contributed to the developments made in the third article. The author(s) may also speculate on the direction of future research in the field. Connections articles aim to set the research in a wide context.
DETECTION OF MORPHOLOGIC PATTERNS OF DIABETIC MACULAR EDEMA USING A DEEP LEARNING APPROACH BASED ON OPTICAL COHERENCE TOMOGRAPHY IMAGES

An image-based deep learning model was developed to detect different morphological patterns of diabetic macular edema based on optical coherence tomography images with high accuracy and transparency. This model could help ophthalmologists to make personalized therapeutic strategies for patients with diabetic macular edema. Purpose: To develop a deep learning (DL) model to detect morphologic patterns of diabetic macular edema (DME) based on optical coherence tomography (OCT) images. Methods: In the training set, 12,365 OCT images were extracted from a public data set and an ophthalmic center. A total of 656 OCT images were extracted from another ophthalmic center for external validation. The presence or absence of three OCT patterns of DME, including diffused retinal thickening, cystoid macular edema, and serous retinal detachment, was labeled with 1 or 0, respectively. A DL model was trained to detect three OCT patterns of DME. The occlusion test was applied for the visualization of the DL model. Results: Applying 5-fold cross-validation method in internal validation, the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve for the detection of three OCT patterns (i.e., diffused retinal thickening, cystoid macular edema, and serous retinal detachment) was 0.971, 0.974, and 0.994, respectively, with an accuracy of 93.0%, 95.1%, and 98.8%, respectively, a sensitivity of 93.5%, 94.5%, and 96.7%, respectively, and a specificity of 92.3%, 95.6%, and 99.3%, respectively. In external validation, the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve was 0.970, 0.997, and 0.997, respectively, with an accuracy of 90.2%, 95.4%, and 95.9%, respectively, a sensitivity of 80.1%, 93.4%, and 94.9%, respectively, and a specificity of 97.6%, 97.2%, and 96.5%, respectively. The occlusion test showed that the DL model could successfully identify the pathologic regions most critical for detection. Conclusion: Our DL model demonstrated high accuracy and transparency in the detection of OCT patterns of DME. These results emphasized the potential of artificial intelligence in assisting clinical decision-making processes in patients with DME.
Modification of Pediatric Sequential Organ Failure Assessment Score Using Acute Kidney Injury Diagnostic Criteria.

OBJECTIVES To develop a modified pediatric Sequential Organ Failure Assessment score using the acute kidney injury diagnostic criteria and evaluate its performance in predicting mortality. DESIGN A single-center retrospective study. SETTING Fourteen-bed PICU in a tertiary care academic children's hospital. PATIENTS Critically ill children admitted to the PICU between January 2017 and September 2019 with at least more than two serum creatinine measurements-one for baseline and the other within the first 48 hours of PICU admission. INTERVENTIONS None. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS A total of 755 patients were included. Overall, 265 patients were diagnosed with acute kidney injury using the current acute kidney injury diagnostic criteria. The overall PICU mortality was 5.8%. Patients with acute kidney injury required more vasoactive-inotropic drugs and showed higher illness severity scores, including the Pediatric Risk of Mortality III, Pediatric Logistic Organ Dysfunction 2, pediatric Sequential Organ Failure Assessment, and modified pediatric Sequential Organ Failure Assessment scores, as well as higher PICU mortality than patients without acute kidney injury (p < 0.001). As acute kidney injury stages increase, PICU mortality also increased (p < 0.001). Based on multivariable logistic regression analysis adjusted for age and sex, the modified pediatric Sequential Organ Failure Assessment score was an independent prognostic factor of PICU mortality. The modified pediatric Sequential Organ Failure Assessment score showed better performance in predicting PICU mortality (area under the receiver operating characteristic curve, 0.821; 95% CI, 0.759-0.882) than other severity scores (area under the receiver operating characteristic curve [95% CI] of Pediatric Risk of Mortality III, Pediatric Logistic Organ Dysfunction 2, and pediatric Sequential Organ Failure Assessment scores: 0.788 [0.723-0.853], 0.735 [0.663-0.807], and 0.785 [0.718-0.853], respectively). CONCLUSIONS Acute kidney injury is prevalent and associated with poor clinical outcomes in critically ill children. The modified pediatric Sequential Organ Failure Assessment score, based on the acute kidney injury diagnostic criteria, showed improved performance in predicting PICU mortality. The modified pediatric Sequential Organ Failure Assessment score could be a promising prognostic factor for critically ill children.
Sex and gender considerations in implementation interventions to promote shared decision making: A secondary analysis of a Cochrane systematic review

Background Shared decision making (SDM) in healthcare is an approach in which health professionals support patients in making decisions based on best evidence and their values and preferences. Considering sex and gender in SDM research is necessary to produce precisely-targeted interventions, improve evidence quality and redress health inequities. A first step is correct use of terms. We therefore assessed sex and gender terminology in SDM intervention studies. Materials and methods We performed a secondary analysis of a Cochrane review of SDM interventions. We extracted study characteristics and their use of sex, gender or related terms (mention; number of categories). We assessed correct use of sex and gender terms using three criteria: “non-binary use”, “use of appropriate categories” and “non-interchangeable use of sex and gender”. We computed the proportion of studies that met all, any or no criteria, and explored associations between criteria met and study characteristics. Results Of 87 included studies, 58 (66.7%) mentioned sex and/or gender. The most mentioned related terms were “female” (60.9%) and “male” (59.8%). Of the 58 studies, authors used sex and gender as binary variables respectively in 36 (62%) and in 34 (58.6%) studies. No study met the criterion “non-binary use”. Authors used appropriate categories to describe sex and gender respectively in 28 (48.3%) and in 8 (13.8%) studies. Of the 83 (95.4%) studies in which sex and/or gender, and/or related terms were mentioned, authors used sex and gender non-interchangeably in 16 (19.3%). No study met all three criteria. Criteria met did not vary according to study characteristics (p>.05). Conclusions In SDM implementation studies, sex and gender terms and concepts are in a state of confusion. Our results suggest the urgency of adopting a standardized use of sex and gender terms and concepts before these considerations can be properly integrated into implementation research.
Hypoglycemic and Hyperglycemia-prevention Effects of Crude Tea Flower Polysaccharide

Alloxan-induced diabetic rats were used as experimental animal for observing the hypoglycemic effect and weight increase effect with 800 mg/kg and 200 mg/kg crude tea flower polysaccharide.Then rats were injected with 160 mg/kg alloxan again after 9 times intragastric adminstration to observe blood glucose level and weight change.Result showed that tea flower polysaccharide can decrease blood glucose level,increase the weight growth rate effectively,and decrease SD rat blood glucose level after the second time alloxan injected.The effect of 800 mg/kg group was more remarkable than 200 mg/kg group.Crude tea flower polysaccharide had significant hypoglycemic action in diabetic rat induced by alloxance,which has a prevention effect on hyperglycemia.
PROTEIN DOMAIN LINKER PREDICTION: A DIRECTION FOR DETECTING PROTEIN-PROTEIN INTERACTIONS

Protein chains are generally long and consist of multiple domains. Domains are the basic elements of protein structures that can exist, evolve, and function independently. The accurate and reliable identification of protein domains and their interactions has very important impacts in several protein research areas. The accurate prediction of protein domains is a fundamental stage in both experimental and computational proteomics. The knowledge of domains is an initial stage of protein tertiary structure prediction which can give insight into the way in which proteins work. The knowledge of domains is also useful in classifying proteins, understanding their structures, functions and evolution, and predicting proteinprotein interactions (PPI). However, predicting structural domains within proteins is a challenging task in computational biology. A promising direction of domain prediction is detecting inter-domain linkers and then predicting the reigns of the protein sequence in which the structural domains are located accordingly. Protein-protein interactions occur at almost every level of cell function. The identification of interaction among proteins and their associated domains provide a global picture of cellular functions and biological processes. It is also an essential step in the construction of PPI networks for human and other organisms. PPI prediction has been considered as a promising alternative to the traditional drug design techniques. The identification of possible viral-host protein interactions can lead to a better understanding of infection mechanisms and, in turn, to the development of several medication drugs and treatment optimization. In this work, a compact and accurate approach for inter-domain linker prediction is developed based solely on protein primary structure information. Then,
Antibacterial activity of French tarragon (Artemisia dracunculus Linn.) essential oil and its constituents during ontogeny

SummarySteam distillation of the essential oil from French tarragon (Artemisia dracunculus L) yields a mixture of almost fifty different components. A set of ten bacterial species was exposed to the whole oil and several of its constituents, and the level of bacterial inhibition determined. Among the bacteria tested were several of public health significance, including Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus faecalis and Yersinia enterocolitica. The most inhibitory compounds present in French tarragon essential oil were anisaldehyde, paracymene, eugenol, limonene, linalool, menthol, cis-ocimene, alpha-phellandrene, alpha-pinene and beta-pinene. The.antimicrobial activity of whole oil was also assessed at different stages during plant ontogeny.