Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The interaction between the macrominerals calcium and phosphorous, vitamin D and phytase in broilers.

Minerals have a variety of functional characteristics with Ca and P mainly as mineral base in skeletal tissues. Their requirements depend on many factors, such as their availability, the Ca/P-ratio and interactions with vitamin D3 and its metabolites and phytase. The availability in poultry diets is much more complex for P than for Ca. The recommendation is to maintain the Ca/available P-ratio at about 2/1. The metabolites of vitamin D3 have a clearly higher Psparing bio-potency than the vitamin D3 itself. The nutritional efficacy of microbial phytase is mainly related to its mineral efficacy and much less related to the non-mineral efficacy. Introduction All animal tissues and all feeds contain inorganic or mineral elements in widely varying amounts and proportions. During the last century, outstanding advances were made in our understanding of the nutritional significance of minerals from investigations in areas where animals suffered from deficiencies, toxicities or imbalances (figure 1). Twenty two mineral elements are believed to be “essential” for the higher forms of animal life, comprising of 7 macronutrient minerals (e.g. Ca, P, .) and 15 trace mineral elements. Mineral elements exist in the cells and tissues of the animal body in a variety of functional, chemical combinations and in characteristic concentrations, within quite narrow limits (via homeostatic mechanisms) in order to safeguard the functional and structural integrity of the tissues. Animals have to be supplied with a diet which contains nutrients and minerals in adequate amounts, proper proportions and available form in order to prevent nutritional disorders, which may vary from mild and transient conditions to acute or severe pathological changes. The functions of the minerals can be classified into 4 types : structural (skeleton), physiological (in body fluids and tissues as electrolytes), catalytic (in enzyme and hormone systems) and regulatory (in cell replication and differentation). The functions of Ca and P are dominated so quantitatively by their requirements for the mineral base of the skeletal tissues (as hydroxyapatite), providing strength, shape and rigidity, protecting soft tissues and giving attachment to the muscles while simultaneously forming a mobile storage depot. Ca is only present within extra and intra-cellular fluids in low concentrations with, however, an extremely important role in the control of nervous, muscular and hormonal activities. P participates in a wide range of metabolic reactions involving energy transfer and nutrient metabolism as an intregal part of the nucleic acids. The hard tissues contain more than 98 and 85% of the body’s content of Ca and P, respectively. It may not be overlooked that responses to a given nutrient greatly depend on the general nutritional and health status. Therefore, this paper will only focus on the main factors and interactions related to Ca, P, vitamin D and phytase in broilers in terms of metabolism, growth and mineralisation.
Exploring the link between depression and accelerated cellular aging: telomeres hold the key

: Accumulating evidence suggests that telomeres may be a marker for biological aging and telomere length may be affected by multifactorial influences, including cumulative exposure to depression. Associations with telomere length have been reported for major depressive disorder, lifetime duration of depression, higher depression severity, and history of depression. The exact underling mechanisms for these associations have yet to be fully elucidated; however, oxidative stress, chronic inflammation, dysregulated hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal axis, and altered cortisol levels may be important biochemical mediators. These mediators could also be influenced by psychological stress, unhealthy lifestyle behaviors, or other potential factors, such as childhood abuse, post-traumatic stress disorder, and anxiety that are commonly associated with depression. As such
Anticancer potential of Salvia miltiorrhiza and its tanshinones: an efficacy perspective

: Salvia miltiorrhiza Bunge (Danshen in Chinese or Tanshen in Anglicized literature) is a well-known Traditional Chinese Medicine herbal remedy for treating cardiovascular- and cerebrovascular-related disorders. To date, . 40 hydrophorbic tanshinones and structurally related compounds have been isolated from the Danshen root, as have some 50 hydrophilic phenolics and other minor components. In the past 2 decades, a large quantity of literature has reported inhibitory activities of tanshinones against cancers of various organ sites in cell culture models, and in some cases with efficacy confirmation in preclinical animal cancer models. This study follows up on a 2012 review we published on the sources, pharmacokinetics, and anticancer activities of tanshinones. Here, we update on the recent progress in understanding the anticancer potential of tanshinones and derivatives and critically assess merits of these entities for future research and development. Overall, potency data from in vivo efficacy assessment experiments in preclinical models varied from nil for chemoprevention of a prostate carcinogenesis model to strong inhibition of some xenograft or allograft models. Lack of uniformity of excipients, doses, and routes of administration aside, we caution that the reviewed data should be appreciated in balance of publication bias exemplified by our own data from primary carcinogenesis study and false positivity. Novel formulations and chemical modifications had been made to improve the poor solubility and bioavailability of tanshinones. Human clinical studies so far dealt with case reports of tanshinone IIA use and small-scale trials on Danshen-containing formulas with chemotherapy for cancers of multiple organ sites in People’s Republic of China. Available human data are not sufficient for supporting any anticancer indication of tanshinones.
The concept of resources and documents as means to understand mathematics teachers use of digital platforms in the classroom

Currently, digital learning platforms are being implemented in Danish elementary schools. These platforms are developed with a dual aim of both supporting teachers’ planning and classroom teaching. This paper investigates and discusses the opportunities of using the documentational approach to study Danish mathematics teachers’ use of these platforms for classroom teaching and preliminary findings here of in the context of an ongoing PhD project
Interferometry and asteroseismology: The radius of τ Cet

We have determined from interferometry the radius of the nearby star τ Cet, using recent observations with the VINCI instrument on VLTI using the siderostats. The limb-darkened disk diameter is determined, with an unprecedented internal precision of 0.5%, to be 1.971 ± 0.009(int.) ± 0.05(ext.) mas, corresponding to a physical radius of 0.773 ± 0.004(int.) ± 0.02(ext.) R� . With this determination τ Cet becomes a prime target for asteroseismic campaigns to determine its internal structure, and thereby test stellar evolution theory. We discuss implications for asteroseismology and present predictions for oscillation properties.
Spain during the Demographic Transition Paper given at the IUSSP XXIV General Population Conference , Session S 16 Maternal Mortality

It is widely held that mothers are essential for the well-being of their children. They control the initial stages of a child’s life and development almost completely, and only gradually begin to share this responsibility with their husbands, other family members or institutions as the child grows older. A mother’s importance is such that the physical separation of the child from his mother’s womb is really only the first step on the way to an independence that is never really achieved, at least in emotional terms.
Positive Safety Culture: How to Create, Lead and Maintain

THE ABILITIES TO COMMUNICATE WELL and engender trust are often listed as among the most important for leaders. Becoming skilled in these areas is challenging for many reasons, but seldom examined is the obstacle presented by the nature of culture. When a leader does not recognize that culture impacts his/her own and others’ perceptions of what is true, the result is unintended messages and consequences that damage the leader’s credibility. This has a negative impact on organizational effectiveness. This article focuses on how culture affects safety performance, providing case studies and citing research, in order to motivate both formal and informal leaders to increase their competency in culture management.
Rhythmic Prototypes Across Cultures

It has long been assumed that rhythm cognition builds on perceptual categories tied to prototypes defined by small-integer ratios, such as 1:1 and 2:1. This study aims to evaluate the relative contributions of both generic constraints and selected cultural particularities in shaping rhythmic prototypes. We experimentally tested musicians’ synchronization (finger tapping) with simple periodic rhythms at two different tempi with participants in Mali, Bulgaria, and Germany. We found support both for the classic assumption that 1:1 and 2:1 prototypes are widespread across cultures and for culture-dependent prototypes characterized by more complex ratios such as 3:2 and 4:3. Our findings suggest that music-cultural environments specify links between music performance patterns and perceptual prototypes.
“Mitochondrial remodeling” in coronary heart disease

License. The full terms of the License are available at http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/. Non-commercial uses of the work are permitted without any further permission from Dove Medical Press Limited, provided the work is properly attributed. Permissions beyond the scope of the License are administered by Dove Medical Press Limited. Information on how to request permission may be found at: http://www.dovepress. com/permissions.php Research Reports in Clinical Cardiology 2014:5 111–122 Research Reports in Clinical Cardiology Dovepress
Genomic Selection in New Zealand Dual Purpose Sheep

Genomic selection allows prediction of genetic merit and selection of superior animals for breeding, on the basis of data from many genetic markers. Here we describe the application of this methodology in the New Zealand dual purpose sheep industry using a mixed breed (Romney, Coopworth and Perendale) training set. The gBLUP method was used, and accounting for breed structure in the genomic relationship matrix was found to be important for calculating model-based accuracies, but the predictions were similar with and without this adjustment. Realized accuracies were lower than model-based accuracies, particularly for early life traits, reflecting a selection effect in the animals chosen for genotyping. The results of this research are available commercially in New Zealand for the breed types used in the training set and for composites that include these breeds.
Production de compilateurs flexibles pour la conception de processeurs programmables specialises

Lors de la conception d'un circuit destine a implanter une application complexe, une partie des traitements est generalement confiee a des composants programmables. Dans ce domaine, les processeurs programmables ultra-specialises, definis specifiquement pour l'application, occupent une place de plus en plus importante, car ils representent un compromis entre efficacite (limitation des ressources utilisees) et flexibilite (programmation). Une des difficultes liees aux composants programmables specialises est la definition de leur architecture interne. En effet, il est difficile d'estimer a priori l'adequation entre un processeur et un domaine d'application. Une bonne solution consiste a compiler des portions significatives du code de l'application sur de nombreuses architectures candidates, puis evaluer les resultats obtenus. La mise en oeuvre de cette exploration necessite des outils de generation de code, appeles compilateurs flexibles, capables de s'adapter rapidement a une grande variete de processeurs. L'etude des outils de generation de code actuels montre qu'ils sont encore inadaptes a une exploration architecturale a grande echelle. Une evolution de ces outils est alors proposee, sous la forme d'une infrastructure dediee a l'exploration architecturale. Elle se compose d'un langage de modelisation des processeurs, et d'une bibliotheque d'algorithmes de transformation de code parametres automatiquement a partir de ce langage.
A Grounded Theory on Marist Spirituality/Charism from the Perspective of the Lay Marists in the Philippines

To the author’s knowledge, despite the written documents about Marist spirituality/charism, nothing has been done concerning a clear theoretical framework that highlights Marist spirituality/charism from the perspective or lived experience of the lay Marists of St. Marcellin Champagnat. The participants of the study are the lay Marist educators who are from Marist Schools in the Philippines. Since the study would like to find out the respondents’ own concepts and meanings about Marist spirituality/charism, qualitative methodology is considered the approach to be used in the study. In particular, the study will use the qualitative methods of Barney Glaser. The theory will be generated systematically from data collection, coding and analyzing through memoing, theoretical sampling, sorting and writing and using the constant comparative method. The data collection method that will be employed in this grounded theory research is the in-depth interview that is semi-structured and participant driven. Data collection will be done through snowball sampling that is purposive. The study is considering to come up with a theoretical framework that will help the lay Marists to deepen their understanding of the Marist spirituality/charism and their vocation as lay partners of the Marist Brothers of the Schools. Keywords—Grounded Theory, Lay Marists, Lived Experience, Marist Spirituality/Charism.
Aqueous Extract of Terminalia chebula Induces Apoptosis in Lung Cancer Cells Via a Mechanism Involving Mitochondria-mediated Pathways

The current study was designed to evaluate the aqueous extract of Terminalia chebula activity, and the main pathway was detected on lung cancer by extracts of T. chebula. Aqueous extract of T. chebula was separated using a zeolite, and five fractions of T. chebula extract were obtained and analyzed by ultraviolet (UV) and infrared (IR) spectroscopy. Antiproliferative activity was evaluated by 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) methods against human lung cancer (A549) and mouse lung cancer cell line LLC. T. chebula acts by regulating the Bcl-2 family protein-mediated mitochondrial pathway detected by western blot. Fraction 4 of the T. chebula extract showed much function and was thus studied further. Fraction 4 increased the activation of caspase-3, induced PARP cleavage, and promoted cytochrome c release into the cytoplasm. These data suggest that T. chebula acts by regulating the Bcl-2 family protein-mediated mitochondrial pathway and provide evidence that T. chebula deserves further investigation as a natural agent for treating and preventing cancer.
ARO3: Soutra Hill: Prehistoric and Medieval Activity on the Edge of the Lothian Plain

6 Introduction 6 Archaeological Background 6 Fieldwork 7 The Cairn 7 Posthole Circle 9 Plough Marks 12 The sheepfold 12 The trackway 13 Radiocarbon dates 16 Prehistoric Pottery 16 The pottery sherds 16 Post-depositional changes 16 Manufacture of the pottery 18 Decoration 18 Discussion of the pottery 19 Vessel 1 19 Vessel 2 20 Cremated Bone 21 Minimum Number of Individuals 21 Age at death 21 Sex determination 22 Non-metric traits 22 Pathology 22 Cremation practice 22 Discussion of the cremated bone 22 Lithics 23 Archaeobotanical Remains 23 Discussion 24 Conclusions 27 Location of Archive 27 Acknowledgements 27 References 28
Cytogenetic, Inflammatory, Immunologic, and Infectious Basis for Dysplastic Hematopoeisis

M yelodysplastic syndrome is a heterogeneous immunologic and epigenetic group of myeloid disorders with variable propensity for acute myelogenous leukemia (AML) conversion. Treatment is limited to growth factors, lenalidomide for 5q deletion MDS, and best supportive care for low-risk disease. Allogeneic transplantation and epigenetic therapy are conventionally considered alternatives for high-risk MDS. Inflammation, epigenetic, and cytogenetic participate in disease initiation. However, how these factors interface to develop vulnerability for the disease is largely unknown. In this review, we describe current inflammatory, immunologic, and molecular features that integrate mechanistic potential effectors for MDS.
UAV photogrammetry and structure from motion to assess calving dynamics at Store Glacier, a large outlet draining the Greenland ice sheet

Abstract. This study presents the application of a cost-effective, unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) to investigate calving dynamics at a major marine-terminating outlet glacier draining the western sector of the Greenland ice sheet. The UAV was flown over Store Glacier on three sorties during summer 2013 and acquired over 2000 overlapping, geotagged images of the calving front at an ~40 cm ground sampling distance. Stereo-photogrammetry applied to these images enabled the extraction of high-resolution digital elevation models (DEMs) with vertical accuracies of ± 1.9 m which were used to quantify glaciological processes from early July to late August 2013. The central zone of the calving front advanced by ~500 m, whilst the lateral margins remained stable. The orientation of crevasses and the surface velocity field derived from feature tracking indicates that lateral drag is the primary resistive force and that ice flow varies across the calving front from 2.5 m d−1 at the margins to in excess of 16 m d−1 at the centreline. Ice flux through the calving front is 3.8 × 107 m3 d−1, equivalent to 13.9 Gt a−1 and comparable to flux-gate estimates of Store Glacier's annual discharge. Water-filled crevasses were present throughout the observation period but covered a limited area of between 0.025 and 0.24% of the terminus and did not appear to exert any significant control over fracture or calving. We conclude that the use of repeat UAV surveys coupled with the processing techniques outlined in this paper have great potential for elucidating the complex frontal dynamics that characterise large calving outlet glaciers.
An Inulin-Enriched Soy Drink and Its Lowering Effect on Oxidized Low Density Lipoproteins in Healthy Volunteers

Abstract Due to selection of appropriate ingredients and parameters, a microbiologically-safe drink enriched with soy protein isolate (SPI) and prebiotic dietary fiber inulin with high scores of acceptability was produced. The results of medical nutrition survey showed that on the 21 day of using drink the level of oxidized low density lipoproteins (LDL) significantly decreased while the other biochemical parameters of blood of healthy patients as compared to the control tests remained unchanged. As well there was no apparent impact on the intestinal microflora balance of recipients established.
Deposit Insurance Design and Implementation: Policy Lessons from Research and Practice

This paper illustrates the trends in deposit insurance adoption. It discusses the cross-country differences in design, and synthesizes the policy messages from cross-country empirical work as well as individual country experiences. The paper develops practical lessons from this work and distills the evidence into a set of principles of good design. Cross-country empirical research and individual-country experience confirm that, for at least the time being, officials in many countries would do well to delay the installation of a deposit insurance system.
Bisphenol-A Administration during Pregnancy Results in Fetal Exposure in Mice and Monkeys

Placental transfer of bisphenol-A (BPA) was studied in mice and Japanese monkeys (Macaca fuscata). BPA was found in maternal and fetal sera, liver, brain, uteri, testes and placenta as early as 30 min after a single subcutaneous (s.c.) injection to 17 days of pregnancy in mice. BPA was also found in fetal liver, kidney, and brain of Japanese monkeys 1 hr after a single s.c. injection to 150 days of pregnancy. These results clearly indicate that the maternal placental barrier can not protect the fetus from the consequences of BPA exposure in these species.
Development , Validation , and Application of a Material Internal Control Weakness Prediction Score

We exploit the PCAOB requirements for auditor reporting of material internal control weaknesses over financial reporting (ICW) and related research to develop, validate, and empirically test the usefulness of a predicted company-year ICW measure generated with publicly available data. Our predicted ICW-score represents the probability of a reported ICW for a company in a given year, thereby capturing an essential aspect of financial reporting system quality that has yet to be systematically quantified. We validate our measure using several approaches, and we re-examine key ICW relations documented by prior research using our measure. We find ICW-score is significantly related to audit fees, accruals quality, the likelihood of restatement, and earnings persistence. We also provide evidence that ICW-score is associated with higher analyst forecast errors, suggesting the measure has market implications. We show that ICW-score provides incremental explanatory power beyond a binary measure of reported ICWs and is beneficial in empirical settings where a measure of internal control quality is not available. Our results support the usefulness of our predicted ICW-score for audit and financial archival researchers and potentially for regulators and practitioners interested in a firm-specific measure of internal control quality.
Depth Map Generation 2 . 1 Image Segmentation

The multi-view depth can be utilized in virtual view synthesis for free viewpoint video (FVV)/free viewpoint television (FTV) and view synthesis prediction (VSP) for multi-view video coding. However, only ‘Breakdancers’ has a depth among the current test sequences. This document introduces the depth generation scheme and virtual view synthesis using depth data. An analysis of virtual view synthesis and its relationship to depth coding and preprocessing is also reported.
Material Comparing Bounds for Vaccine Effects on Infectiousness

This online material provides more detail for the accompanying Research Letter comparing the bounds in Halloran and Hudgens and VanderWeele and Tchetgen Tchetgen (henceforth HH and VT) that consider drawing inference about causal vaccine effects for infectiousness. A vaccine that reduces the infectiousness of infected individuals for others could have important public health consequences. The number of cases could be substantially reduced by the decreased transmission, even if the vaccine is not highly protective against infection for the vaccinated individual. Thus, methods for evaluating the effect of vaccination on infectiousness are needed.
Contraceptive Acceptability of Female Condom: A Prospective Study

Results: In the study, of the 100 women, only 17 women had heard about sexually transmitted diseases (STD) and/or human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and that use of male or female condoms can prevent their transmission. Seventy-eight percent of women continued with the use of female condoms. Of them, 83% women reported that they were satisfied by the use of female condoms and they would continue to use them if they were easily available. The satisfaction of the male partners was observed in 79% of them. When both partners were taken together, female condoms were satisfying to 78% of both.