Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Molecular Cloning and Characterization of CYP80G2, a Cytochrome P450 That Catalyzes an Intramolecular C–C Phenol Coupling of (S)-Reticuline in Magnoflorine Biosynthesis, from Cultured Coptis japonica Cells*

Cytochrome P450s (P450) play a key role in oxidative reactions in plant secondary metabolism. Some of them, which catalyze unique reactions other than the standard hydroxylation, increase the structural diversity of plant secondary metabolites. In isoquinoline alkaloid biosyntheses, several unique P450 reactions have been reported, such as methylenedioxy bridge formation, intramolecular C–C phenol-coupling and intermolecular C–O phenol-coupling reactions. We report here the isolation and characterization of a C–C phenol-coupling P450 cDNA (CYP80G2) from an expressed sequence tag library of cultured Coptis japonica cells. Structural analysis showed that CYP80G2 had high amino acid sequence similarity to Berberis stolonifera CYP80A1, an intermolecular C–O phenol-coupling P450 involved in berbamunine biosynthesis. Heterologous expression in yeast indicated that CYP80G2 had intramolecular C–C phenol-coupling activity to produce (S)-corytuberine (aporphine-type) from (S)-reticuline (benzylisoquinoline type). Despite this intriguing reaction, recombinant CYP80G2 showed typical P450 properties: its C–C phenol-coupling reaction required NADPH and oxygen and was inhibited by a typical P450 inhibitor. Based on a detailed substrate-specificity analysis, this unique reaction mechanism and substrate recognition were discussed. CYP80G2 may be involved in magnoflorine biosynthesis in C. japonica, based on the fact that recombinant C. japonica S-adenosyl-l-methionine:coclaurine N-methyltransferase could convert (S)-corytuberine to magnoflorine.
Induced T cell cytokine production is enhanced by engineered nanoparticles

Abstract Engineered nanoparticles are widely used in commercial products, and yet due to the paucity of safety information, there are concerns surrounding potential adverse health effects, especially from inhaled nanoparticles and their putative contribution to allergic airway disease. The objective of this study was to investigate whether size or surface chemistry of engineered nanoparticles can influence the immune enhancing properties of these agents on antigen-specific T cell responses. Ovalbumin (OVA)-derived peptides were presented to T cells by either spleen-derived endogenous antigen presenting cells or a mouse dendritic cell (DC) line, DC2.4. In all models, interferon (IFN)-γ and interleukin (IL)-2 production by CD8+ or CD4+ T cells in response to peptide OVA257–264 or OVA323–339, respectively, was measured by flow cytometry. To address the study objective, silica nanoparticles (SNPs) were modified with alkyne-terminated surfaces and appended with polyethylene glycol chains via “click” chemistry. These modified SNPs were resistant to agglomerate in in vitro culture media, suggesting that their modulation of T cell responses is the result of true nanoscale-mediated effects. Under conditions of suboptimal T-cell activation, modified SNPs (up to 10 µg/ml) enhanced the proportion of CD8+, but not CD4+, T cells producing IFN-γ and IL-2. Various functional groups (–COOH, –NH2 and –OH) on modified SNPs enhanced IFN-γ and IL-2 production to different levels, with –COOH SNPs being the most effective. Furthermore, 51 nm –COOH SNPs exhibited a greater enhancing effect on the CD8+ T cell response than other sized particles. Collectively, our results show that modified SNPs can enhance antigen-specific CD8+ T cell responses, suggesting that certain modified SNPs exhibit potential adjuvant-like properties.
Physician Communication Regarding Cost When Prescribing Asthma Medication to Children

Children with asthma require multiple medications, and cost may be a barrier to care. The purpose of this study was to determine how often physicians ask about cost when prescribing new asthma medication and to identify factors influencing queries. We surveyed pediatricians and family physicians and asked whether they asked about cost when prescribing new asthma medication and if cost was a barrier to prescribing. One third of physicians (35%) reported that concern for cost to the family was a barrier to prescribing. Half reported not asking their patients about drug costs. Pediatricians were less likely to ask about cost (odds ratio [OR] = 0.43; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.20-0.92) when compared with family physicians. For every 10% increase in the number of privately insured patients, a physician was less likely to ask about cost (OR = 0.83; 95% CI = 0.74-0.94). Communication about medication costs should be included in childhood asthma management.
Direct Marketing in Practice

How direct marketing works Developing a direct marketing campaign Taking the long-term view Collecting customer information Using your information The marketing database How to reach customers and prospects effectively Direct marketing and the internet The importance of having an offer How to increase responses through more creative marketing The importance of testing Evaluation, measurement and budgeting Choosing and briefing suppliers Where to go for more information Glossary.
Aggregation of Mod5 is affected by tRNA binding with implications for tRNA gene‐mediated silencing

Mod5 is a multifunctional protein that modifies a subset of tRNAs in the cytoplasm and is also required for an RNA‐mediated form of transcriptional silencing. Previous in vivo studies have shown that the nuclear silencing function of Mod5 does not require that the causative tRNA gene encode a Mod5 substrate, although Mod5 is still required. However, previous data have not directly tested whether Mod5 can directly bind substrate and nonsubstrate RNAs. We herein demonstrate that Mod5 directly binds to both substrate and nonsubstrate RNAs, including a highly structured, non‐tRNA sequence (5S‐rRNA), consistent with previous in vivo data. Furthermore, we show that some RNAs drastically change the aggregation behavior of Mod5 with implications for tRNA gene‐mediated silencing.
Basal tegmental self-stimulation after septal ablation in rats.

Olds8showed that stimulation of one of many areas of the brain could be used as a "reward" to maintain bar pressing and other behavior. Except for the amygdala, the areas most effective in sustaining high rates of responding were near the midline and extended continuously from the basal tegmentum through the hypothalamus and preoptic areas to the septum. The neurological basis for the "rewarding" effects elicited from these areas remains unknown. Several lines of evidence suggest that activity in some portion or portions of the rhinencephalon is involved in sustained self-stimulation behavior. MacLean and co-workers6,7have reported that septal or hippocampal stimulation may result in hippocampal seizure activity, which is followed by a period of electrical after-discharge. Behaviorally these animals show an immobilization phenomenon described as "catatonic-like" during the seizure itself, and "enhanced grooming" and "enhanced pleasure" reactions during the period of the after-discharge. That such a
Implementing ERPII in customer facing organisations : an investigation of critical success factors

There has been a growing trend for customer facing organisations (CFOs) to turn to highly demanding information systems such as enterprise resource planning (ERP) in order to improve their interaction with customers. ERPII has the specific capabilities to deliver extended enterprise opportunities; however there have been widespread accounts of implementation failure leading to costly delays and even on occasion, bankruptcy. There is a lack of research available to business practitioners in terms of how to deliver a successful implementation in these situations and this research aims to address this issue. To achieve this, research has been undertaken using critical success factor (CSF) analysis. A case study was undertaken comprising of a project team placement within an ERPII implementation environment and follow-up interviews with the project team members were undertaken. In addition, a third piece of empirical research was undertaken consisting of interviews with consultant practitioners of supplier organisations. This research shows that CFOs implementing ERPII require specific CSFs to be addressed at different points within the implementation lifecycle. ‘Critical pathway steps’ have been recommended which emphasise the importance of post implementation training.
“Theory of Mind” and Executive Functioning in Forensic Patients with Schizophrenia

Abstract: Previous studies in forensic patients with schizophrenia have shown that delinquent patients may outperform nondelinquent patients with regards to “theory of mind” (ToM). Findings were, however, confounded by a lack of control for executive functioning. We examined 33 forensic patients with schizophrenia regarding ToM, intelligence, executive functioning, and psychopathology. Results were compared with a nonforensic schizophrenia sample and a group of healthy controls. Both patient groups performed more poorly on most measures compared with controls. Forensic and nonforensic patients did not differ in task performance. In the forensic group ToM correlated inversely with “excitement” and cognitive symptoms. When “excitement” was covaried out, forensic patients outperformed nonforensic patients with regards to ToM. This study supports the hypothesis that schizophrenic patients with a criminal record are equally impaired in their ability to infer mental states compared with nonforensic patients, but for different reasons associated with a divergent psychopathological profile.
Notice of RetractionExploration and research on teaching method of electronic technology basic course

Lots of feedback information of employment indicate the success of employment for the students of electric specially is affected by the teaching effect of “electronic technology basic courses” directly. The teaching research of “electronic technology basic courses” becomes very important research project in university. This paper analyzes the importance of “electronic technology basic courses” in specialty technology teaching, explores the difficulties and emphases of the teaching of the courses, then puts forward some thinking and methods about “how integrating effectively the traditional teaching methods and the modern teaching methods”. Lots of practices indicate that it can raise the studying interest of students, and obtain some good teaching effects.
Recovering and Learning from Service Failure

Effective service recovery is vital to maintaining customer and employee satisfaction and loyalty, which contribute significantly to a company's revenues and profitability. Yet most customers are dissatisfied with the way companies resolve their complaints, and most companies do not take advantage of the learning opportunities afforded by service failures. The authors provide a research-based approach for helping managers develop a comprehensive service recovery system. To encourage dissatisfied customers to complain, leading firms set performance standards, often through the use of guarantees; communicate the importance of recovery to employees; train customers in how to complain; and use technological support offered through customer call centers and the Internet. In resolving problems, companies need to focus on providing fair outcomes, procedures, and interactions. Successful companies develop hiring criteria and training programs that take into account employees' service-recovery role, develop guidelines for service recovery, are easily accessible to customers, and use the information in customer databases to solve problems. Firms promote organizational learning by documenting and classifying complaints; useful methods include creating internal complaint forms, accessing complaints made to front-line employees, and categorizing customers who complain. Finally, companies need to generate additional information on service quality, disseminate it to those responsible for implementing improvements, and identify those process improvements that will have the greatest impact on profitability. Customer conflicts are inevitable. A powerful service-recovery strategy can turn these conflicts into opportunities to improve performance and raise profitability.
DEMAND COLLABORATION: WHAT'S HOLDING US BACK?.

SUBTITLE: MANY SUPPLY CHAIN PEOPLE, PARTICULARLY FROM THE RETAIL SIDE, LAMENT THAT THEIR TRADING PARTNERS HAVE NOT READILY EMBRACED DEMAND COLLABORATION AND THE MORE COMPLEX COLLABORATIVE PLANNING, FORECASTING, AND REPLENISHMENT (CPFR). IN AN ATTEMPT TO SPUR GREATER COLLABORATION, SOME RETAILERS ARE ATTEMTING TO MANDATE THAT THEIR TRADING PARTNERS COMPLY. STILL, THE RESPONSE BY SUPPLIERS IS HESITANT AT BEST. THIS ARTICLE EXPLORES WHY BUSINESSES ARE SLOW TO EMBRACE COLLABARATION AND WHAT IT WILL TAKE FOR DEMAND COLLABORATION AND CPFR TO BECOME STANDARD BUSINESS PRACTICES BETWEEN SUPPLY CHAIN PARTNERS.
A Little Letter, a Big Difference: An Inquiry into Possible Abuse of the 13g/13d Securities Filing Options

Under the current framework, investors taking a beneficial ownership interest in certain companies must report details of their holdings on one of two public-filing options: a Schedule 13G or Schedule 13D. A Schedule 13G is a short-form filing which can be utilized only if an investor holds a beneficial ownership interest passively, with no intent to change control of the company. Those investors with activist intentions must file a more detailed Schedule 13D, which among other information, requires the investor to state its future intentions with respect to influencing control of the company.The benefits to reporting under this short-form filing can be great, both in terms of economic gains and in avoiding market or regulatory scrutiny. These are enticing reasons for an investor to abuse the passivity-indicating Schedule 13G while internally harboring activist intentions (or worse, externally manifesting activist actions). As the distinction between a passive and activist intention is largely constrained to the psyche of the investor, the risks of being caught for such abuse may be minimal under the current reporting framework (absent some objectively-identifiable evidence of such intent). This Note introduces both a theory for why abuse of the 13G filing may be an enticing choice for activist investors as well as an empirical analysis supporting that argument. Part I introduces the legislative and regulatory framework governing these reporting requirements. Part II surveys the costs and benefits associated with improperly filing under a Schedule 13G and highlights why activist investors may choose to improperly utilize the 13G filing. Part III investigates, at the macro-level, empirical trends of investors switching from passivity-indicating 13G filings to activist-indicating Schedule 13D. Part IV recommends enhancements to the supervisory framework and filing requirements to help combat improper use of the 13G filing.
GPUMLib : An Efficient Open-Source GPU Machine Learning Library

Graphics Processing Units (GPUs) placed at our disposal an unprecedented computational-power, largely surpassing the performance of cutting-edge CPUs (Central Processing Units). The high-parallelism inherent to the GPU makes this device especially well-suited to address Machine Learning (ML) problems with prohibitively computational intensive tasks. Nevertheless, few ML algorithms have been implemented on the GPU and most are not openly shared, posing difficulties for researchers and engineers aiming to develop GPU-based systems. To mitigate this problem, we propose the creation of an open source GPU Machine Learning Library (GPUMLib) that aims to provide the building blocks for the development of efficient GPU ML software. Experimental results on benchmark datasets show that the algorithms already implemented yield significant time savings over the CPU counterparts.
Drug Utilization Evaluation of Vancomycin in a Teaching Hospital in Tabriz-Iran

Drug Utilization Evaluation (DUE) studies are designed to evaluate drug usage appropriateness. In this study we evaluated the relevant use of vancomycin in a teaching hospital in Iran. The results of this study may be of help for clinicians to improve the patient care. Methods: The use of vancomycin was evaluated in a cross-sectional and prospective study from October 2011 until June 2012. Vancomycin administration was assessed according to CDC and ASHP guidelines. Predesigned data collection was implemented in this study. Information collected from medical records, patient’s history, medical orders, nursing reports and the experimental results available in the patient’s records. Results: During the study period, 75 cases were been evaluated from all of the hospital wards. The median age of patients was 46.65±20.04 years (mean ± SD). The median time of vancomycin use in the study population was 9.35±5.70 days. most of the patients received vancomycin, had been hospitalized for trauma problems. In this study 30.7% of cases received vancomycin appropriately and in accordance to standard guidelines. Conclusion: Based on the results of our study, a substantial percentage of the patients (69.3%), received vancomycin inappropriately. It is essential to promote practical guidelines about utilizing culture and sensitivity testing when considering the use of important and broad spectrum antibiotics. Also educational programs for health care professionals regarding rational use of antibiotics can be helpful in improving antimicrobial medications utilization and monitoring.
Rhythm Spaces

We present and discuss our view on rhythm spaces, as metaphors to visualize and interact with rhythms. We take advantage on existing research on alternative lowdimensional music spaces, music cognition, music interaction and intelligent music agents, to justify our position. We then discuss the specific steps and decisions necessary for building rhythm spaces and we advance some of their potential uses as rhythm pattern allocation, retrieval and generation.
Privileged Data Access And Deduplication Check on Hybrid Cloud-A Review Miss

As per current trends users prefer cloud to store their personnel as well as data which they want to share with other. In case of such data storage system some time same type of data is stored by different users. This data duplication causes inefficiency in cloud storage as well as utilization of bandwidth. To make cloud more sensible regarding its storage and bandwidth some techniques are proposed. Data de-duplication is one of the recent technologies / techniques in cloud storage in current market trends that avoid such data duplication caused by privileged as well as non-privileged user. It enables companies, organizations to save a lot of money on data storage, on bandwidth to transact data when replicating it offsite for disaster recovery. To provide data confidentiality of outsourced user’s sensitive data, 'Content Hash Keying' technique is used. Using this technique data is first encrypted and the outsourced to the client. To address the problem of authorized data access, our proposed system introduces the privileged access and deduplication check technique which is completely different from traditional data de-duplication systems. We also propose log based approach to unauthorized data duplication check in a hybrid cloud architecture. Along with this we can manage this de-duplication not only for privileged user but also for non-privileged data. This system elaborates and provides smart solution for data duplication and works on efficiency of bandwidth and provides effective solution. Keywords— cloud, Content Hash Keying, Convergent Key De-Duplication, Encryption,
Celecoxib enhances the detoxification of diethylnitrosamine in rat liver cancer.

AIM To study the effect of celecoxib (CXB) on diethylnitrosamine activation through the regulation of cytochrome P450 in a hepatocarcinogenesis model. METHODS Six-week-old male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into five groups, a non-treated group (NT), a diethylnitrosamine-treated group (DEN), a DEN+CXB-treated group (DEN+CXB), and CXB 8 d-treated and CXB 32 d-treated groups. The effects of celecoxib on the enzymatic activities of CYP1A1, 2A, 2B1/2, and 2E1 were assessed in hepatic microsomes 24 h after DEN administration. Changes in CYP1A1 and CYP2B1/2 protein expression were also evaluated. The rate of DEN metabolism was measured by the production of the deethylation metabolite acetaldehyde, and the denitrosation metabolite nitrite. RESULTS DEN+CXB administration produced a significant increase in the enzymatic activities of CYP2B1/2 and 1A1, whereas it did not change the activities of CYP2A and 2E1, compared to that of the DEN group. CXB treatment for eight days did not produce a significant effect on enzymatic activity when compared to the NT group; however, when it was administered for prolonged times (CXB 32 d group), the enzymatic activities were increased in a similar pattern to those in the DEN+CXB group. The observed increase in the enzymatic activities in the DEN+CXB group was accompanied by an increase in the CYP2B1/2 protein levels; no changes were observed in the levels of CYP1A1. In vitro, CXB increased the denitrosation of DEN, a pathway of metabolic detoxification. The addition of SKF-525A, a preferential inhibitor of CYP2B, abrogated the denitrosation of DEN. CONCLUSION These results suggest that the mechanism of action of CXB involves enhancement of the detoxification of DEN by an increasing denitrosation via CYP2B1/2.
TURNING POINTS OF FINANCIAL AND REAL ESTATE MARKET

In the literature, we always associate banking crises to currency crises, but the latest crisis brought specific attention to the real estate market and its movements. This study looks at the real estate and financial market turning points in the UK and USA. To achieve this, we conducted a study on their commercial, residential and financial markets. We applied both a parametric and a non parametric approach, deciding to use the Markov switching model and the Bry-Boschan algorithm. This study gives us conclusions as to which of the above approaches will present more accurate results when dating financial and real estate crises. The study also examines the effectiveness of the aforementioned methods when analysing residential and commercial real estate indices during a real estate crisis, and establishing which of these indices presents a more precise prediction. The results of this study may give some indication involving the dependence between the real estate market and the financial market, which is an important factor to consider to reduce risk in portfolio management.