Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Construction of a high-density genetic map and fine mapping of a candidate gene locus for a novel branched-spike mutant in barley

A Yunnan branched-spike (Ynbs) barley mutant is useful for study of the genetic mechanisms underlying variation in barley spike architecture. In the current study, a mutant (Ynbs-1), a recombinant inbred line (RIL-1), and a cultivar (BDM-8) were used as parents to develop populations. Ynbs-1 exhibits typical branched spike, whereas the others exhibit six-row spike. Genetic analysis on their F1, F2 and F3 populations showed that one recessive gene is responsible for the branched spike trait. SLAF marker generated from specific locus amplified fragment sequencing (SLAF-seq) was used to genotype the populations. A high-density genetic map of barley was constructed using 14,348 SLAF markers, which covered all 7 chromosomes at 1,347.44 cM in length with an average marker density of 0.09 cM between adjacent markers. Linkage analysis of the branched-spike trait using the genetic map indicated that branched spike trait in the Ynbs-1 is controlled by single locus on chromosome 2H at the interval between 65.00 and 65.47 cM that is flanked by Marker310119 and Marker2679451. Several candidate genes that may be responsible for barley multiple-spikelet degeneration, single-floret spikelet increase and seed set rate decrease were identified in the region. The high-density genetic map and the gene locus revealed in this study provide valuable information for elucidating the genetic mechanism of spike branching in barley.
Influence of Sowing Dates, Varying Hybrids of Maize, Zea mays L. and Application of some Insecticides on the Population Density of the Greater Sugarcane Borer, Sesamia cretica Led. (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae)

Study was conducted to investigate effect of sowing dates and varying maize hybrids on population density of S. cretica in farm at Nubariya district, Beheira governorate, Egypt during seasons, 2018 and 2019. Five maize hybrids viz., yellow three ways cross 352, yellow single cross 168, white single cross 122, white single cross 10 and white single cross 128 were tried on three sowing dates viz. 1st April, 15th April and 1st May. Results showed that, population of S. cretica (eggs and larvae) was highest in early sown crop (1st April) while was least in late sown maize (1st May). Also, none of tested hybrids showed immunity or high resistance and S.C. 128 hybrid was more resistant to larvae (minimum dead heart percent), while T.W. C.352 hybrid was more sensitive to S. cretica (maximum dead heart percent). Five hybrids can be arranged in ascending order according to their susceptibility (population density of eggs, larvae and infested percentages) as follow: T.W. C.352, S.C. 168, S.C. 122, S.C. 10 and S.C. 128. These results were repeated in both seasons study. Five insecticides were tested for their efficacy against S. cretica under field conditions. All treatments were found effective in reducing larvae and protecting plants compared with control. Insecticide Emamectin benzoate was found best, led to minimum number of larvae followed by Chlorantraniliprole and Lufenuron, respectively. While, radiant resulted lowest. On the other hands, Chlorantraniliprole was found best, led to minimum infested followed by Emamectin benzoate.
mSphere of Influence: Decoding Transcriptional Regulatory Networks To Illuminate the Mechanisms of Microbial Pathogenicity

Sadri Znaidi works in the field of molecular mycology with a focus on functional genomics in Candida albicans. In this mSphere of Influence article, he reflects on how the paper “An iron homeostasis regulatory circuit with reciprocal roles in Candida albicans commensalism and pathogenesis” by Chen et al. (C. Chen, K. Pande, S. D. French, B. B. Tuch, and S. M. ABSTRACT Sadri Znaidi works in the field of molecular mycology with a focus on functional genomics in Candida albicans. In this mSphere of Influence article, he reflects on how the paper “An iron homeostasis regulatory circuit with reciprocal roles in Candida albicans commensalism and pathogenesis” by Chen et al. (C. Chen, K. Pande, S. D. French, B. B. Tuch, and S. M. Noble, Cell Host Microbe 10:118–135, 2011, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chom.2011.07.005) made an impact on his research on how transcriptional regulatory networks function to control C. albicans’ ability to efficiently interact with the host environment.
A case report of pulmonary thromboembolism following allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis

Abstract Rationale: Allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis (ABPA) complicated with pulmonary thromboembolism (PTE) is rare. This report describes a patient who was diagnosed with ABPA and soon developed PTE. Patient concerns: A 64-year-old man was diagnosed with ABPA in hospital for recurrent fever with cough. Two months later, the patient was readmitted to the hospital because of PTE. Diagnoses: ABPA was diagnosed during the first hospitalization, and laboratory tests showed an increase in serum IgE and Aspergillus fumigatus-specific IgG. Sputum culture suggested A. fumigatus and high-resolution computed tomography (HRCT) showed inflammation of both lungs and central bronchiectasis. During the second hospitalization, the patient's chest angiography showed PTE. Interventions: The patient began treatment with antifungal drugs and corticosteroids, and was discharged from the hospital when his condition improved. Two months after discharge, the patient was treated with anticoagulant drugs due to PTE. Outcomes: The patient got better after taking anticoagulant drugs and was discharged from the hospital. The patient appears for regular follow-up visits in our outpatient clinic every 2 months and is currently in good condition. Lessons: Patients with ABPA may be concurred with PTE. The risk of PTE in ABPA should be assessed in advance and preventive strategies also need to be taken beforehand. Pulmonary artery examination is necessary once it happened.
Association between anaesthetic technique and unplanned admission to intensive care after thoracic lung resection surgery

The negative implications of unplanned ICU admissions are well documented and we thank Shelley et al. [1] for this ambitious piece of work, which clearly aims to explore how anaesthetists might mitigate this risk by choosing one particular anaesthetic technique over another. The results demonstrate an OR 0.5 of having an unplanned ICU admission following thoracic surgery in the UK when using TIVA instead of volatile anaesthesia. Despite adjusting for age, sex, resection type and surgical approach, we felt there would almost certainly be a large number of additional confounding factors, which were not mentioned in the study. For example, one would imagine that the experience of the anaesthetist as well as the performance status and comorbidities of the patientmay have an impact on both the anaesthetic technique and their likelihood of having an unplanned ICU admission. Shelley et al. also report that the OR of an unplanned admission following an epidural block vs. paravertebral block is 0.56. Although there is evidence to suggest that patients undergoingparavertebral block suffer fewer side-effects than with epidural, we felt that in many centres, when choosing to site an epidural, the anaesthetist would bemore likely to have planned an ICUadmission in the first instance [2]. This article is thought provoking and clearly calls for further work in order to better understand the implication of anaesthetic technique for patients undergoing thoracic procedures. We feel that a prospective study in which centres are randomly allocated to uniformly deliver one type of anaesthesia over another may yield useful data in order to guide future practice.
Dosing Requirements of Extended-Release Tacrolimus (Astagraf XL) in African American Kidney Transplant Recipients Converted from Immediate Release Tacrolimus (AAAKTRS).

BACKGROUND The formal recommendations for converting twice-daily tacrolimus immediate release (IR) to once-daily tacrolimus extended release (ER) is a 1:1 dose conversion. However, more recent clinical analysis has shown that this may not be true; some patients may require a higher dose. Additionally, de novo dosing tacrolimus ER has revealed that African Americans require approximately 20-30% higher doses than Caucasians to achieve similar levels. As a result, this study sought to identify the appropriate dose conversion in the African American kidney transplant population, a population at high risk of rejection. METHODS This was a single-center, prospective, open-label study comparing the difference in dose-normalized trough and total daily dose necessary to reach steady state therapeutic goal, after conversion from tacrolimus IR to tacrolimus ER, in 25 African American kidney transplant recipients. RESULTS After conversion to tacrolimus ER, there was a significant decrease in dose-normalized trough (C0) (0.44 vs 0.59, p=0.03). Statistically significant differences were seen in both total daily and weight-based doses, when reported as actual values (15 vs 10 mg and 0.16 vs 0.11 mg/kg, respectively), as well as when standardized to achieve a target tacrolimus C0 of 8 ng/mL (18.1 vs 13.6 mg and 0.17 vs 0.15 mg/kg, respectively). The median standardized dose conversion required was 1.3 [1.0,1.4], for the overall population. There were no instances of biopsy-proven acute rejection, allograft loss, or study drug discontinuation. CONCLUSION This single-center, open-label conversion study demonstrated that there was a statistically and clinically significant decrease in dose-normalized trough after conversion from tacrolimus IR to tacrolimus ER in an African American kidney transplant population, and that a 1:1 dose conversion is unlikely to meet therapeutic goals.
mSphere of Influence: Intermetal Competition during Manganese Toxicity

Julia E. Martin works in the field of metals in biology, with a focus on manganese (Mn) homeostasis in Streptococcus pneumoniae. In this mSphere of Influence article, she reflects on how the paper entitled “Role of the manganese efflux system mntE for signalling and pathogenesis in Streptococcus pneumoniae” (J. W. Rosch, G. Gao, G. Ridout, Y.-D. Wang, and E. I. ABSTRACT Julia E. Martin works in the field of metals in biology, with a focus on manganese (Mn) homeostasis in Streptococcus pneumoniae. In this mSphere of Influence article, she reflects on how the paper entitled “Role of the manganese efflux system mntE for signalling and pathogenesis in Streptococcus pneumoniae” (J. W. Rosch, G. Gao, G. Ridout, Y.-D. Wang, and E. I. Tuomanen, Mol Microbiol 72:12–25, 2009, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2958.2009.06638.x) has impacted her thinking and research direction toward investigating the molecular underpinnings of why and how bacteria maintain optimal intracellular Mn levels.
The Brief Measure of Emotional Preoperative Stress (B-MEPS) as a new predictive tool for postoperative pain: A prospective observational cohort study

Background Preoperative patients’ vulnerabilities such as physical, social, and psychological are implicated in postoperative pain variability. Nevertheless, it is a challenge to analyze a patient's psychological profile in the preoperative period in a practical and consistent way. Thus, we sought to identify if high preoperative emotional stress, evaluated by the Brief Measure of Emotional Preoperative Stress (B-MEPS) scale is associated with higher postoperative pain levels and poor rehabilitation in patients submitted to intermediate or major surgery. Moreover, the possible neurobiological or neurophysiological mechanisms implicated in high preoperative emotional stress, evaluated through preoperative quantitative sensory pain tests and serum biomarkers BDNF and S100B were investigated. Methods We conducted a prospective, observational, cohort study of ASA 2 and 3 adult patients undergoing major urologic, gynecologic, proctologic and orthopedic surgeries from March 2017 to March 2018. B-MEPS and Central Sensitivity Inventory were evaluated preoperatively, followed by a sequence of experimental pain tests and serum biomarkers collection. Postoperative evaluation carried out within the first 48 hours after surgery comprehended pain at rest and movement-evoked pain, and the consumption of morphine. Quality-of-Recovery was also evaluated in the 3rd postoperative day. Results 23 (15%) out of 150 patients included in the study presented high emotional preoperative stress. Variables significantly related to preoperative stress were: previous psychiatric diagnosis and Central Sensitization Inventory result. Mean movement-evoked pain in the first 12 to 48 hours was 95–105% higher than pain at rest. A mixed model for repeated measures showed a sustainable effect of B-MEPS as a movement-evoked pain predictor. Previous pain, cancer surgery, and preoperative pressure pain tolerance were also independent predictors of postoperative pain. Moderate to severe postoperative movement-evoked pain was predictive of poor rehabilitation in 48 hours after surgery. Conclusion We confirmed that a brief screening method of preoperative emotional states could detect individuals prone to experience severe postoperative pain. Specific interventions considering the stress level may be planned in the future to improve perioperative outcomes.
Prognostic value of epithelial-mesenchymal transition markers in clear cell renal cell carcinoma

Epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is important in tumor invasiveness and metastasis. We aimed to determine prognostic value of six key EMT markers (CDH1, CDH2, SNAI1, SNAI2, VIM, TWIST1) in clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC). A total of 533 ccRCC patients with RNASeq data from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) cohort were included for analysis. Gene expression of these EMT markers was compared between tumor and normal tissues based on Oncomine database and TCGA cohort. Their correlations with progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) were also examined in both TCGA cohort and FUSCC (Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center) cohort. Cox proportional hazards regression model and Kaplan-Meier plot were used to assess the relative factors. Functional enrichment analyses were utilized to describe biologic function annotations and significantly involved hallmarks pathways of each gene. We found that Epithelial marker, CDH1 expression was lower, while mesenchymal markers (CDH2, SNAI1, VIM, TWIST1) expression was higher in ccRCC primary tumors. In the TCGA cohort, we found that patients with higher expression of VIM, TWIST1 or lower expression of CDH1 had worse prognosis. Further, in the FUSCC cohort, we confirmed the predictive ability of mesenchymal markers and epithelial marker expression in PFS and OS of ccRCC patients. After generating Cox regression models, EMT markers (CDH1, SNAI1, VIM, and TWIST1) were independent prognostic factors of both PFS and OS in ccRCC patients. Our preliminary EMT prediction model can facilitate further screening of EMT biomarkers and cast a better understanding of EMT gene function in ccRCC.
Reasoning supports utilitarian resolutions to moral dilemmas across diverse measures.

Sacrificial moral dilemmas elicit a strong conflict between the motive to not personally harm someone and the competing motive to achieving the greater good, which is often described as the "utilitarian" response. Some prior research suggests that reasoning abilities and deliberative cognitive style are associated with endorsement of utilitarian solutions, but, as has more recently been emphasized, both conceptual and methodological issues leave open the possibility that utilitarian responses are due instead to a reduced emotional response to harm. Across 8 studies, using self-report, behavioral performance, and neuroanatomical measures, we show that individual differences in reasoning ability and cognitive style of thinking are positively associated with a preference for utilitarian solutions, but bear no relationship to harm-relevant concerns. These findings support the dual-process model of moral decision making and highlight the utility of process dissociation methods. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2020 APA, all rights reserved).
Work in Progress: First-Year Engineering College Students: Value Created from Participating in a Living/Learning Community

This Work in Progress paper examines how to capture the perceived value obtained from firstyear engineering college students (FYECS) from participating in the Engineering and Innovation Residential College (EIRC), a living learning community (LLC). People are social by nature and thrive through collaborating and living with others who share similar passions; however, oftentimes FYECS do not have a community of like-minded peers where support, innovation, discourse, and collaboration can take place. Adding to FYECS struggles is the fact that many do not have a mentor in their related field and are unable to start building their professional repertoire, network, technical skills, or their content knowledge related to engineering. Simply put, many FYECS do not identify with a community. The EIRC can be described as a Community of Practice (CoP) where a group of individuals have a shared vision, mutual engagement, shared repertoire, and joint enterprise. The Value Creation Framework, constructed by Wenger, Trayner, and de Laat [1] focuses on assigning value which can be produced through social learning. This theoretical framework can be used as an analytical tool to evaluate the value created within the Community of Practice such as the students living in the EIRC.
Bumetanide Therapeutic Effect in Children and Adolescents With Autism Spectrum Disorder: A Review Study

Introduction: Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is characterized by several impairments in communications and social interactions, as well as restricted interests or stereotyped behaviors. Interventions applied for this disorder are based on multi-modal approaches, including pharmacotherapy. No definitive cure or medication has been introduced so far; therefore, researchers still investigate potential drugs for treating ASD. One of the new medications introduced for this purpose is bumetanide. The present article aimed to review the efficacy of this drug on the core symptoms of ASD and its potential side effects. Methods: We searched all papers reported on pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics, efficacy, and adverse effects of bumetanide on animal models and humans with ASD. The papers were extracted from the main databases of PubMed, Web of Science, and Scopus. Results: The findings revealed that cortical neurons have high Chloride ion (Cl−)i and excitatory actions of gamma-aminobutyric acid in the valproic acid animal model with ASD and mice with fragile X syndrome. Bumetanide, which has been introduced as a diuretic, is also a high-affinity-specific Na+−K+−Cl− cotransporter (NKCC1) antagonist that can reduce Cl− level. The results also indicate that bumetanide can attenuate behavioral features of autism in both animal and human models. Moreover, the studies showed that such medication could activate fusiform face area in individuals with ASD while viewing emotional faces. Also, recent findings suggest that a dose of 1 mg/d of this drug, taken twice daily, might be the best compromise between safety and efficacy. Conclusion: Recent studies provided some evidence that bumetanide can be a novel pharmacological agent in treating core symptoms of ASD. Future studies are required to confirm the efficacy of this medication in individuals with ASD.
EFFICIENT COMMUNICATION WITH SENIORS IN LIFELONG LEARNING TO ENHANCE THEIR DIGITAL SKILLS AND ECONOMIC LITERACY

The paper deals with the problem concerning the importance innovative lifelong learning for seniors in the branch in economic questions and effective commnunication. The need to adapt and further effective training seniors for lifelong learning in the fields of economics questions and the use of new multimedia communication tools, together with a good mastery of information technology (ICT) are a current challenge, not only for academics but also for society.
Bakteriyel Biyofilmler ve Konakçı Savunma Sistemi ile Etkileşimleri

Konakçı Savunma Sistemi Öz: Biyofilmler, mikroorganizmaların, genellikle çevresel stres koşullarına karşı oluşturduğu çok hücreli benzeri yaşam formlarıdır. Bu çevresel stres faktörleri; başta konakçı hücre immün yanıtları, konakçı sitemlerde yerleşik mikrobiyota, ortamdaki antimikrobiyal bileşikler ve ortamdaki sıcaklık, pH, tuz, organik ve inorganik besin değişimleri olmak üzere birçok biyotik ve abiyotik faktör ya da onların kombinasyonu olabilmektedir. Patojen bakteriler hem biyotik ve hem de abiyotik yüzeylerde, yüksek düzeyde biyofilm yapıları oluşturma yeteneği içerdiğinden, önemli ölçüde kalıcılık ve inatçı enfeksiyon karakteristiği göstermektedir. Günümüzde biyofilmler özellikle bakteriyal üremenin predominant formu olarak tanımlanmaktadır. Bu nedenle, bu yapıların; kimyasal fiziksel biyolojik özelliklerinin yanında, biyofilmlerin biyotik ve abiyotik sistemlerle etkileşimlerinin detaylı bir şekilde tanımlanması, modern mikrobiyolojinin temel çalışma konuları arasına girmiştir.
An Efficient Technique for Optimality Measurement of Approximation Algorithms

Many algorithms have been proposed for the solution of the minimum vertex cover (MVC) problem, but the researchers are unable to find the optimality of an approximation algorithm. In this paper, we have proposed a method to evaluate that either the result returned by an approximation algorithm for the minimum vertex cover problem is optimal or not. The proposed method is tested on three algorithms, i.e., maximum degree greedy (MDG) algorithm, modified vertex support algorithm (MVSA) and clever steady strategy algorithm (CSSA). The proposed method provides an opportunity to test the optimality of an approximation algorithm for MVC problem with low computation complexity. The proposed method has performed well during experimentation, and its results brighten the path of successful implementation of the method for the evaluation of approximation algorithms for the minimum vertex cover (MVC) problem. The testing of the proposed method was carried out on small graph instances. The proposed method has resolved the problem to test the optimality of the approximation algorithm for the minimum vertex cover problem. This technique has digitized the process of finding out the accuracy of the optimal solution returned by approximation algorithms for MVC.
SignalDetectionBased onParallel GroupDetectionAlgorithm for High-Load Massive MIMO Systems

In this paper, a parallel group detection (PGD) algorithm is proposed in order to address the degradation in the bit error rate (BER) performance of linear detectors when they are used in high-load massive MIMO systems. e algorithm is constructed by converting the equivalent extended massive MIMO system into two subsystems, which can be simultaneously detected by the classical detection procedures. en, using the PGD and the classical ZF as well as the QR-decomposition(QRD-) based detectors, we proposed two new detectors, called ZF-based PGD (ZF-PGD) and QRD-based PGD (QRD-PGD). e PGD is further combined with the sorted longest basis (SLB) algorithm to make the signal recovery more accurate, thereby resulting in two new detectors, namely, the ZF-PGD-SLB and the QRD-PGD-SLB. Various complexity evaluations and simulations prove that the proposed detectors can signicantly improve the BER performance compared to their classical linear and QRD counterparts with the practical complexity levels. Hence, our proposed detectors can be used as ecient means of estimating the transmitted signals in high-load massive MIMO systems.