Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Does diet pattern influence serum 25-hydroxyvitamin (25OHD) levels among women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS): Lessons from a cross sectional study from North India?

Background: Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), the commonest endocrinopathy of reproductive age women has multiple metabolic aberrations. VDD is rampant documented with high prevalence in India. There is a lack of substantial evidence of low VD status on the subject if vegetarians are at greater risk of VDD than non-vegetarians. Objective: To evaluate the impact of dietary composition (veg vs. non-veg) on serum 25 OHD levels among women with PCOS. Methodology: In this cross-sectional study, women aged 14–40 years who fulfilled the Rotterdam 2003 criteria for diagnosis of PCOS were enrolled from institutional clinics of AIIMS, New Delhi and SKIMS, Srinagar. Among 177 women enrolled, 74 vegetarians (from AIIMS) and 104 non-vegetarians (from SKIMS) were evaluated using a common predesigned proforma. Detailed history, clinical food frequency questionnaire (FFQ), examination and laboratory evaluation was carried out. Results: The mean age of subjects (26.43 ± 4.44 vs. 26.77 ± 5.51 years) was comparable as was mean BMI (23.51 ± 2.97 vs. 23.81 ± 4.22 Kg/m2). Total calorie intake was 1838.33 ± 298.54 vs. 1478.44 ± 404.87 kcal among non-veg and vegetarians respectively. Number of menstrual cycles/year (8.13 ± 3.40 vs. 8.02 ± 2.38), FG score (11.82 ± 4.52 vs. 11.32 ± 4.23), biochemical and hormonal parameters were also similar except for serum alkaline phosphatase (105.46 ± 32.27 vs. 162.70 ± 42.58 IU/L), total cholesterol (98.92 ± 24.33 vs. 81.15 ± 25.32 mg/dl), and triglycerides (135.01 ± 50.25 vs. 107.06 ± 42.10 mg/dl). The mean serum 25OHD levels did not differ significantly among non-veg and vegetarians (15.64 ± 5.41 vs. 12.50 ± 8.39 ng/ml). Conclusion: Women with PCOS are linked to VDD and it is marginally severe among vegetarian women with PCOS than those consuming non-vegetarian diet.
An embarrassment of riches : Too many geese

Numbers of giant Canada geese (Branta canadensis maxima), greater snow geese (Chen caerulescens atlantica), and lesser snow geese (C. c. caerulescens) have increased dramatically during the past 30 years. Now, these geese are causing serious ecological and/or economic problems on breeding and/or wintering areas. Attempts to control their burgeoning numbers via increased harvest have had little effect. Thus, I propose that creative, new approaches to increase harvests must be made available to managers. The prohibition against hunting during 11 March-31 August and the 3.5 month (107 day) limit on waterfowl seasons should be removed from the Migratory Bird Convention, and sale of migratory birds should be legalized and controlled by regulation. Further, currently banned but effective hunting techniques, e.g., electronic calls, live decoys, etc., should be legalized and controlled by regulation. Management practices on U.S. National Wildlife Refuges (NWR), e.g., planting food, that concentrate snow geese and thereby reduce harvests, should be discontinued. Waterfowl managers have successfully managed to prevent overharvest of geese for many years ; now it is time for them to manage overpopulations of geese.
A Hybrid Algorithm with Particle Swarm Optimization and Differential Evolution Algorithm

Intelligent optimization algorithms have been applied to solve optimization problems in various fields of engineering. Particle swarm optimization (PSO) and differential evolution (DE) are the two representative algorithms in the intelligent optimization algorithms. In this paper, a hybrid algorithm with particle swarm optimization and differential evolution algorithm (APSODE) is proposed. In APSODE algorithm, generation starts with both PSO and DE then switch to either PSO or continue with DE based on the fitness value. We divide the individuals into two sub-swarms. Two different mutation operations are employed to breed the individuals of these two sub-swarms. Thus, one sub-swarm takes responsibility for exploring, and the other swarm owns better exploitation ability. The numbers of individuals in two sub-swarms change dynamically with iterations. In addition, parameter adaptive strategy is adopted in this paper. For examining the success of APSODE in solving optimization problems, 30 benchmark functions with different specifications are selected. The experimental results show that APSODE provides relatively competitive performance compared with three comparison algorithms in terms of both solution quality and efficiency.
TOWARD ON-C HIP LEARNING OF SPIKING NEURAL NET WORKS FROM EVENT-BASED SENSORS

The "neuromorphic" event-based approach to vision and image sensing is recently gaining substantial attention as it proposes solutions to the problems encountered with conventional technology of image processing. The output of such a sensor is a time-continuous stream of pixels, delivered at unprecedented temporal resolution, containing zero redundancy and encoding orders of magnitude higher dynamic range than conventional image sensors. However, due to the lack of alternatives so far, the event-based, asynchronous output of these sensors have been processed using conventional computing devices such as CPUs and GPUs. This way of processing is obviously non-ideal and does not allow to fully beneﬁt from the unique characteristics of such sensors. In this postdoctoral project, we will attempt to develop an event-based processing chain applied to a realistic data in the context of moving objects. To reach this goal, we will explore and compare on-chip the most recent learning methods adapted to spiking neural networks.
KEY COMPONENTS OF CSE FOR IPV PREVENTION

For many women, intimate partner violence (IPV) starts early in life. By age 19, an estimated 29% of adolescent girls worldwide have experienced IPV [1]. In Mexico, approximately 30% of women have been affected by intimate partner violence by the age of 24 [2]. These data suggest the need to prevent intimate partner violence early in adolescence, an important developmental stage in life where healthy and equitable relationships can emerge leading to equitable or negative relationship dynamics [3, 4, 5, 6, 7].
The promise and reality of social and cultural metrics

In addition to evaluating the economic, ecological, and health impacts of major public policy initiatives, impact assessments typically also need to identify and evaluate an action’s social and cultural (S/C) impacts. A wide range of S/C metrics have been suggested, and guidelines exist to help ensure their thoughtful and comprehensive development. Nevertheless, many of the S/C concerns identified as part of impact assessments remain vague, are difficult to measure or understand, and are more closely attuned to existing data than to concerns expressed by stakeholders or residents of Indigenous communities. Furthermore, S/C impacts are often deemphasized or, in some cases, outright ignored during project generation and as part of final decisions made by elected officials. Here, we examine the promise of well-designed S/C metrics and contrast it with the reality of how they are commonly deployed, with specific reference to four case studies in North America: municipal planning decisions in Oregon, wildlife decisions in Ohio, renewable energy decisions in Michigan, and pipeline decisions in the western United States and Canada. We argue the importance of moving beyond assessment to decision making, pointing out five reasons why critical S/C impacts are often neglected, and presenting recommendations for the design of clearer, more comprehensive metrics that will contribute to more socially responsive policy choices.
Document classification in information retrieval system based on neutrosophic sets

The aim of the present paper is to suggest a neutrosophic set model for information retrieval and to develop methods and algorithms for information retrieval based on the neutrosophic set model. A neutrosophic set has the possibility of being a common structure for the vagueness analysis of data sets also including big data sets. Here we deﬁned useful techniques like distance and similarity between two neutrosophic sets that have been applied to document classiﬁcation in information retrieval. We deﬁne an innovative algorithm for classifying documents based on Euclidian distance between two neutrosophic sets. About 2500 documents in seven di ﬀ erent categories are used for evaluation this new algorithm. Our experiments show that Neutrosophic Classiﬁcation Algorithm achieved 95% performance.
Embryo-derived Pluripotent stem cells from domesticated animals-Progress so far

Embryo-derived pluripotent stem cells or so-called Embryonic Stem (ES) cells are a unique kind of cells with an unlimited capacity of self-renewal and to differentiate into all the cells of the animal’s body. These cells from domesticated or farm animals are of great importance in agriculture, bio-pharming, genetic engineering and many more. Even after close to four decades of ES cell derivation from mouse, it has yet not been possible to derive germline competent true ES cells from farm animals. This review discusses the efforts that have been made to date to derive ES or ES-like cells from domesticated ungulates and shed some light on the strategies to generate bonafide ES cells from these species.
Deeper mechanisms for force and the fundamental interactions from a NLHV perspective

Problem: The mechanisms whereby force operates are poorly understood at the fundamental level. This is reflected in the difficulty of finding a single coherent theory for explaining all the interactions. Purpose: This work constructs a theoretical framework for the interactions from a non-local hidden-variable (NLHV) perspective, specifically the Cordus NLHV theory. Findings: The interactions arise from different attributes of discrete force emissions from the particle: electrostatic from the direct linear effect of the discrete forces; magnetic from bending of the flux tube; gravitation from handed energisation sequence; strong from the synchronisation of emissions; and weak from rearrangement of discrete force emissions hence remanufacturing of particle identity. Originality: A single underlying mechanism, that of the discrete force and its multiple attributes, is sufficient to explain all the interactions. No new particles or bosons are required. Also novel is provision of a mechanism whereby a particle detects and moves in the force gradient.
Frogs at the summits: phylogeny of the Andean frogs of the genus Telmatobius (Anura, Telmatobiidae) based on phenotypic characters

A phylogenetic hypothesis for the frogs of the genus Telmatobius that includes a comprehensive sample of the morphological and geographical variation is lacking. Obtaining such a hypothesis constitutes the main focus of this contribution. A phylogenetic matrix was generated based on 97 phenotypic characters and 56 terminals. A parsimony analysis of this matrix was performed with TNT. Telmatobius is found to be monophyletic and well supported by 11 synapomorphies. Although the consensus tree shows several polytomies, four main groups have been recovered. The well‐supported T. verrucosus Group includes forest and sub‐paramo species from Bolivia and Peru, and is the sister group of the remaining species. The T. bolivianus Group includes forest and inter‐Andean valley species from Argentina and Bolivia but it is poorly supported. Two supported high‐altitude groups have been recovered, the T. macrostomus Group from the Central Andes of Peru, and the T. marmoratus Group from the Altiplano‐Puna Plateau of Argentina, Bolivia, Peru and Chile and its adjacent Pacific and Northern slopes. The synapomorphies proposed for Telmatobius are discussed as well as the evolution of some of these synapomorphies and other characters within the genus.
Differences in the otolith shape between the Marmara and Northern Aegean Sea stocks of blotched picarel (Spicara maena Linnaeus, 1758)

In this study, the differences between the otolith morphometry of Spicara maena individuals in the North Aegean Sea and Marmara Sea have been investigated. The samples were obtained with set nets and line fishing in the North Aegean Sea: Dikili, Altınoluk, and Küçükkuyu, and Marmara Sea: Karabiga, Bandırma, and Tekirdağ shores between February and October 2013. In total, 155 individuals from the North Aegean Sea and 168 individuals from the Marmara Sea were sampled. The coordinates and distance of the points on otolith were determined with image analysis program Image J 1.47v. The otolith shapes of the stocks were compared by the discriminant analysis method. The differences between the otoliths of the individuals sampled from North Aegean Sea and Marmara Sea are statistically significant (P<0.05). The discriminant analysis successfully explained the difference between the two stocks at 73.5%. The results showed that the S.maena stocks obtained from the North Aegean Sea and the Marmara Sea might be different.
Mathematical models for movement bubble in the water based on the capture images using SONY camera 1

Bubbles and foams are important features of liquid surface phenomena, this research Provides, the study of the movement of air bubble in the water and rising through the channel (water hose) tight, with different diameters (0.4, 0.5,0.7,1, 1.2)cm, using image processing technology this by build a computer algorithms to analysis the motion in image planes for the successive frames for extract images of video clip using SONY camera, considering the number of snapshot represent function of the time, and determine the rising bubble location, speed and Acceleration . By using suitable processing for a software package, such as programs (Ulead Studio 11, Matlab 2012b and Table Curve(TC) version 5.01). After that using fitting processing to estimate the best fitting model for the motion parameters. Then comparing between the real motion parameter deter as a function of times and the estimated values from the estimated model. Where have been found high a agreement between them.
One pot high yield synthesis of some novel isoxazolidine derivatives using N-methyl-α-chloro nitrone in water and their antibacterial activity

A simple one pot and high yield efficient method is e cribed in water for the diastereo and regioselective synthesis of some novel isoxazolidin e erivatives at room temperature in a short reaction time. All the novel isoxazolidines have be n screened for antimicrobial activity and found to be very active.
Special Jury Prize for Innovative Thinking

To analyze the response of cities to urban policies or transportation shocks, describing a succession of stationary states is not enough, and urban dynamics should be taken into account. To do so, the urban economics model NEDUM is proposed. This model reproduces the evolution of a monocentric city in continous time and captures the interaction between household moves, changes in flat sizes, rent levels, and density of housing service supply. NEDUM allows, therefore, for a temporal and spatialized analysis of urban transitions. Applied to climate policies, this model suggests that the implementation of a transportation tax causes a larger welfare loss than can be inferred from traditional models. Moreover, such a tax increases significantly inequalities if its implementation is not anticipated enough. According to these results, therefore, smooth and early implementation paths of climate policies should be favored over delayed and aggressive action.
Tendency Towards Organizational Citizenship Behaviour Readiness: a Study on Local Government Agency in Malaysia

Local government is ranked lowest in the three-tier Malaysian government behind federal government and state government. Since local government is closest to the community and provides numerous services for the residents, complaints filed by the public as evidenced from Public Complaint Bureau’s statistics (PCB) revealed serious issues of inefficiency and ineffectiveness of service quality and delivery. Thus, in responding to PCB statistics and lack in-depth research on local government, the objective of this study is to ascertain whether dimensions under organizational citizenship behaviour (OCB) namely altruism, courtesy, sportsmanship, civic virtue and conscientiousness are preconditions for local governments’ employees to portray towards reducing public complaints. Data from 493 local government employees throughout Peninsular Malaysia were collected through a structured questionnaire using proportioned stratified sampling procedure. Results indicated that majority of these respondents agreed on statements under OCB dimensions with recorded means of between 3.85 to 4.06 based on five-point Likert scale. Descriptive analysis for each item under OCB dimensions were examined and analysed. By creating and sustaining the occurrence of these OCB behaviours, mandated objectivein gaining public trust towards local governments’ efficiency and competency can be achieved since OCB is a low cost vehicle in influencing organizational effectiveness.
Economic evaluation of gambiense human African trypanosomiasis elimination campaigns in five distinct transmission settings in the Democratic Republic of Congo

Background: Gambiense human African trypanosomiasis (gHAT) is marked for elimination of transmission (EOT) by 2030, but the disease persists in several low-income countries. We examine the cost-effectiveness of four gHAT elimination strategies in Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC), which has the highest burden of gHAT. Methods: We compared four strategies against gHAT by coupling a transmission model with a health outcomes model in five settings -- spanning low- to high-risk. Alongside passive surveillance (PS) in fixed health facilities, the strategies included active screening (AS) at average or high coverage levels, both alone or with vector control (VC). A scale-back algorithm was devised to simulate cessation of AS and VC when no cases were reported for three consecutive years. Outcomes were denominated in disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs) and costs until 2040 were denominated in 2018 US$. Results: In high or moderate-risk settings, costs of gHAT strategies are primarily driven by AS and, if used, VC. Due to the cessation of AS and VC most investments (75-80%) will be made by 2030 and VC might be cost-saving while ensuring EOT. In low-risk settings, costs are driven by PS, and minimum-cost strategies consisting of AS and PS lead to EOT by 2030 with high probability. Conclusion: In many settings, the case for EOT by 2030 is a sensible use of resources, and investments in gHAT will decelerate within this decade in moderate- and low-risk regions.
phosphatidic acid metabolism in response to environmental stress

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Variation in phytate phosphorus utilization within the same broiler strain

Abstract This study evaluated the variation in ability to utilize phytate phosphorus among individual birds of the same strain of broilers. A 4-wk feeding trial was conducted with 100 day-old male broilers. Of these, 20 broilers were fed 0.5% available phosphorus (aP) and 0.95% Ca as the control and 80 broilers were fed a phosphorus-deficient diet containing 0.1% aP and 0.45% Ca. Livability, feed consumption, growth rate, and bone quality were the criteria used to test the effect of phytate P utilization. By the end of Week 2, some broilers fed 0.1% aP shoed lower feed consumption, severely reduced growth, and leg problems as a sign of sever P-deficiency, whereas some other birds showed normal growth, no leg weakness, and no visual signs of P-deficiency. Phytate P analysis of manure collected at the end of Weeks 2 and 4 revealed that broilers that showed normal growth (identified as “larger” birds) within the P-deficient group, utilized significantly more phytate P than the birds with stunted growth (identified as “smaller” birds). Bone analysis also showed that the larger birds had stronger bones than the smaller birds. Broilers fed P-deficient diets utilized significantly more phytate P than those fed diets containing 0.5% aP. Results suggest that the variation in individual bird's ability to respond to a phosphorus deficiency was related to variation in ability to utilize phytate P.
Artificial Scaffolds for Bone Tissue Engineering

The disorder associated with bones has been increasing and is expected to be doubled by 2020. The bone disorders are mainly observed in population where they are suffering from obesity, age associated diseases and lack of physical activity. Now days engineered bone serves as an effective alternative to the conventionally used bone tissue grafts due to its mechanical stability and ease of availability. The engineered bones do not proceed to clinical practices due to various challenges which limit its use. Bone tissue engineering encourages regeneration of functional tissue using a biocompatible combination of different biomaterials, growth factors and cells. This review focuses on various artificial scaffold and their properties used for bone tissue regeneration and its current status. Further we discuss various approaches used for enhancing the tissue regeneration and routinely used biomaterial along with certain growth factors for mimicking its effects.
Towards aspectual classification of clauses in a large single-domain corpus

Researchers are beginning to develop large, single-domain corpora, either text alone (such as instructions, recipes, tweets, etc.) or multi-media (image captions, video captions, etc.). The language used in such corpora tends to share properties across different texts. The aim of this project was to explore whether a compositional distributional semantics model could be effective in classifying the aspectual properties of clauses in a large corpus of instructions. However, Gold Standard annotation of aspectual properties did not exist for the recipe instruction corpus we planned to use, the project ended up comprising two preliminary tasks: 1) determining the extent to which a compositional distributional semantics model could be used in classifying aspectual properties of clauses in small mixed text corpora (SitEnt and telicity dataset), for which Gold Standard annotation did exist. 2) developing a systematic way of reducing the effort required to produce Gold Standard annotation of a large single-domain corpus (MIT recipe corpus), by carrying lexical and semantic deduplication, so that only one token from each equivalence class in the resulting deduplicated corpus needs to be annotated. we have conducted experiments on the aspectual classification problem with two different distinctions, state/event (e.g. to know/swim or walk) and telic/atelic (whether it has a natural ending point), by exploiting self-trained word embeddings and existing compositional models on the SitEnt/telicity corpus. Our results have shown that by only considering distributional features, the compositional model achieves the state-ofthe-art results. By exploring several comparisons, we find that the auxiliary is important when making the decision between event and state while noun subject and direct object seem to contribute more if considering the distinction between telic and atelic. From our experiments, the simple addition model is shown to be more effective at capturing semantic interactions compared to the practical lexical function model. Due to the need of deduplication for the MIT recipe dataset on the aspectual classification task, we have also proposed a stable deduplication pipeline by utilizing the LSH and LSA model.