Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Structural plasticity of olfactory neuropils in relation to insect diapause

Abstract Many insects that live in temperate zones spend the cold season in a state of dormancy, referred to as diapause. As the insect must rely on resources that were gathered before entering diapause, keeping a low metabolic rate is of utmost importance. Organs that are metabolically expensive to maintain, such as the brain, can therefore become a liability to survival if they are too large. Insects that go through diapause as adults generally do so before entering the season of reproduction. This order of events introduces a conflict between maintaining low metabolism during dormancy and emerging afterward with highly developed sensory systems that improve fitness during the mating season. We investigated the timing of when investments into the olfactory system are made by measuring the volumes of primary and secondary olfactory neuropils in the brain as they fluctuate in size throughout the extended diapause life‐period of adult Polygonia c‐album butterflies. Relative volumes of both olfactory neuropils increase significantly during early adult development, indicating the importance of olfaction to this species, but still remain considerably smaller than those of nondiapausing conspecifics. However, despite butterflies being kept under the same conditions as before the dormancy, their olfactory neuropil volumes decreased significantly during the postdormancy period. The opposing directions of change in relative neuropil volumes before and after diapause dormancy indicate that the investment strategies governing structural plasticity during the two life stages could be functionally distinct. As butterflies were kept in stimulus‐poor conditions, we find it likely that investments into these brain regions rely on experience‐expectant processes before diapause and experience‐dependent processes after diapause conditions are broken. As the shift in investment strategies coincides with a hard shift from premating season to mating season, we argue that these developmental characteristics could be adaptations that mitigate the trade‐off between dormancy survival and reproductive fitness.
Drivers and challenges of tacit knowledge sharing in automotive workshop employees

Purpose This paper aims to explore the way tacit knowledge (TK) sharing occurred among automotive workshop (AW) employees. Challenges and drivers of TK sharing (TKS), including stakes of experienced employees that hinder the smooth transfer of TK, have been explored. Design/methodology/approach In-depth interviews have been conducted with experienced technicians using open-ended questions to gain deep insights on the issue of TKS. Data coding has been done for thematic analysis to extract themes. Findings This study explains the way TK is shared and transferred among employees in the AW sector. Various drivers and challenges in the smooth transfer of TK have been found. Various stakes of employees in the sharing of TK have been explored. Originality/value To the best of authors’ knowledge, this is the first study that explored stakes of experienced employees in TKS by exploring challenges in the TKS process among employees. Automotive repair is a complicated technical job that integrates various trade persons for the successful execution of jobs for customer satisfaction. TK is a core value and a sensitive issue among employees, which makes the job of researchers challenging, resulting scarcity of literature on this vital issue.
Effects of Interfacial Enhancing by Aldehyde-Based Surface Modification of Flax Fibers on their Polymer Composites

Flax fibers were chemically modified on their surface with aldehyde-based glutaraldehyde, glyoxal, or butryaldehyde to enhance their adhesive interconnections with polypropylene (PP) matrix. Mechanical (tensile and elastic) properties were most improved with glutaraldehyde modification compared with glyoxal or butryaldehyde. Using glutaraldehyde modified flax fibers, the optimal modification parameters that produce the most improvement to the mechanical properties and tensile strength were then evaluated by Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscope (FTIR) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Optimal modification of flax resulted from an acetalation reaction involving glutaraldehyde and anhydro-D-glucopyranose (AGU) flax at a concentration of 3 mol/AGU, performed at 60oC for 5 h (pH = 2.0). Composites were then created by mixing the modified flax fibers with PP matrix at a 20:80 wt% ratio at 180oC for 40 min using a co-rotational twin screw inner melt mixing kneader. FTIR and SEM analysis demonstrated that reinforced PP composites had a 31.63% increase in tensile strength and a 19.61% increase in the elastic modulus when compared with the original flax fibers. Compared with other reported surface modification methods, this method exhibited better performance in enhancing the mechanical properties of flax/PP composites.
Si dopant migration and the AlGaAs/GaAs inverted interface

Electron transport in quantum well modulation δ doped on either the normal or the inverted side has revealed the major cause of the long‐puzzling inferior transport characteristics of the inverted interface. For growth conditions optimized for best transport with normal‐side doping, we find migration of the Si dopant toward the inverted interface during growth to be the primary reason for the reduced inverted well mobility. This new understanding has allowed us to grow modulation‐doped inverted quantum wells of unprecedented quality having electron mobilities as high as 2.4×106 cm2/V s at 4.2 K and 3.0×106 cm2/V s at 1.0 K.
Water purification by functionalised self-assembled monolayers on silica particles

This study focuses on a novel method to remove bio molecules and pathogens of different nature, such as proteins, viruses and oocysts, from water by silica particles coated with functionalised self-assembled monolayers. The results clearly show that organic species can efficiently be removed at pH ranges of drinking water by stirring the coated particles in the contaminated water for up to 60 min and finally filtering the powder. The removal is believed to be caused by electrostatic attraction and immobilisation of pathogens on the surface of the particles. At higher pH values above about 8, even chemisorption may occur.
Prevalence and Multidrug Resistance Profiles of Escherichia coli in Dairy Farms

Calf diarrhoea, commonly occur in cattle herds, impacting on the economic viability of cattle operations. A total of 72 calves under 6-months of age, 38 exotic breeds (50% Holstein-Friesian X 25% Jersey X 25% Ogaden) from a dairy farm and 34 local breeds from the Veterinary Clinic, were studied.
The Chemical Physics of Ice

Preface 1. The water molecule 2. Structure and energy of ordinary ice 3. Other forms of ice 4. Liquid water and freezing 5. Crystal growth 6. Thermal properties and lattice dynamics 7. Point defects 8. Mechanical properties 9. Electrical properties References Subject Index.
Model Predictive Control for Modeling Human Gait Motions Assisted by Vicon Technology

Human muscles and the central nervous system (CNS) play the key role to control the human movements and activities. The human CNS determines each human motion following three steps: estimation of the movement trajectory; calculation of required energy for muscles; then perform the motion. In these three step tasks, the human CNS determines the first two steps and the human muscles conduct the third one. This paper efforts the use of model predictive control (MPC) algorithm to simulate the human CNS calculation in the case of gait motion. We first build up the human gait motion mathematical model with 5-link mechanism. This allows us to apply MPC to calculate the optimal torques at each joint and optimal trajectory for muscles. Outcomes of simulations simultaneously are compared with the real human movements captured by the Vicon motion capture technology which is the novelty of this study. Results show that tracking errors are not excessed 7%.
PRODUÇÃO DO ETANOL E SUA MITIGAÇÃO DE EMISSÃO DE POLUENTES

O Uso de combustiveis fosse gera uma serie de residuos que causam grande impacto para a saude humana, uma alternativa que surgiu na decada de 70 foi o Etanol, entretanto, seu uso estava longe de representar sustentabilidade na epoca, mas com o passar dos anos, seu potencial comecou a ser notado como uma fonte de menor emissao de material particulado. O objetivo deste artigo foi verificar se a utilizacao do Etanol e menos prejudicial ao meio ambiente e a saude humana. Este trabalho foi realizado por meio de levantamento de dados e pesquisas bibliograficas. Os resultados obtidos com os estudos mostraram que o Brasil emite 1,939 Bilhoes de toneladas de CO2, durante o levantamento foi observado um aumento de 4,6% nas mortes de criancas por asma e 4,3% na morte de pessoas por doencas pulmonares. Quando testados em veiculos o Etanol aumenta a eficiencia do motor e diminui cerca de 35% da emissao de HPAs. Com o uso do etanol houve reducao de 847 mil toneladas de CO2, e isso significa 90% a menos na emissao de CO2, e dependendo da fonte que e obtido tambem e possivel ter uma reducao ainda mais significativa.
QUANTUM ENERGY GAP LAW OF OUTER-SPHERE ELECTRON TRANSFER REACTIONS : A MOLECULAR DYNAMICS STUDY ON AQUEOUS SOLUTION

The quantum energy gap law for electron transfer (ET) reactions in water is examined. Molecular dynamics (MD) simulation analysis is carried out to obtain the solvent reorganization energies, time correlation functions (TCF), spectral density functions, and quantum rate constants. Their dependence on the reaction free energy and on the donor–acceptor distance is explored along with the solvent isotope effects. Properties of the imaginary-time saddle-point for the TCF expression of the ET rate formula are also examined. The high-frequency intramolecular vibrational modes of the solvent water are found to present marked quantum effects on the ET rate, while their contribution to the static reorganization energy is small (less than 6%). The energy gap dependence of the quantum activation free energy is shown to become nearly independent of the donor–acceptor distance when renormalized by the reorganization energy. Approximations to compute quantum rate constants from MD simulation data are briefly discussed .
SOCIAL MEDIA CONTENT OF INSTAGRAM ON IMPULSE BUYING

Today technology is one of the most important business aspects as a facility that can give a company a competitive advantage by using social media. The high number of social media users makes the business producers use it as a promotion media. Bandung is a city center that offers all kinds of needs; one of them is fashion. The rapid development of fashion’s creative industries is marked by the number of distribution outlets (distro), clothing, and factory outlets (FO) that increase from year to year. This research is conducted to determine the social media content of Instagram used by the Bandung fashion industries and its influence on impulse buying. The method used in this research is descriptive verification. The data collection technique is carried out through a questionnaire and interview. The respondents of this research are 100 consumers of 85 outlets. Based on the hypothesis testing using simple linear regression, it can be stated that the validity (significant) is “there is an influence of social media content of Instagram on impulse buying. ”
‘Incidental + Intentional’ vs ‘Intentional + Incidental’ Vocabulary Learning: Which is More Effective?

This study compares the effectiveness of two combinations of new vocabulary learning techniques: ‘incidental + intentional’ and ‘intentional + incidental’. For the incidental part, the participants viewed 3 hours of captioned authentic videos, whereas for the intentional one they were asked to do a set of tasks with the target vocabulary at home. Three aspects of the target words were tested: form recognition, meaning recall and written use in a sentence. The overall scores revealed better performance of the ‘incidental + intentional’ condition in the three tests. Nevertheless, a variety of scores in the sample for the three aspects of word knowledge and the lack of statistical evidence did not allow us to conclude with certainty which combination is more or less effective for new vocabulary learning.
Towards a Theory of Working Memory

Working memory provides a medium for building and manipulating new representations that control our thoughts and actions. To fulfil this function, a working memory system needs to meet six requirements: (1) it must have a mechanism for rapidly forming temporary bindings to combine elements into new structures; (2) it needs a focus of attention for selectively accessing individual elements for processing; (3) it must hold both declarative representations of what is the case, and procedural representations of how to act on the current situation; (4) it needs a process for rapid updating, including rapid removal of outdated contents. Moreover, contents of working memory (5) need to be shielded from interference from long-term memory, while (6) working memory should be able to use information in long-term memory when it is useful. This chapter summarizes evidence in support of these mechanisms and processes. It presents three computational models that each implement some of these mechanisms, and explains different subsets of empirical findings about working memory: the SOB-CS model accounts for behaviour in tests of immediate serial recall, including complex-span tasks. The interference model explains data from a common test of visual working memory, the continuous-reproduction task. The set-selection model explains how people learn memory sets and task sets, how these sets are retrieved from long-term memory, and how these mechanisms enable switching between memory sets and task sets.
The Influence of Supply Chain Integration on Supply Chain Performance in Private Firms of Bangkok: Moderating Role of Leadership

The performance of the supply chain is the necessary element for the success of the organization because it improves the business processes that could improve the business performance and also gain the intention of the regulators and researcher nowadays. Thus, present article aims to analyze the impact of supply chain integration such as internal integration, information integration and customer integration on the supply chain performance of the private firms in Bangkok, Thailand. The investigation of the moderating role of leadership among the nexus of supply chain integration and supply chain performance is also part of the purpose of the current study. The employees of private firms that are dealing with the process of the supply chain are the respondents from whom data has been gathered by using survey questionnaires. The effective statistical tool has been used for analysis purpose named as smart-PLS. The results indicated that positive along with significant association among the nexus of all the supply chain integrations and supply chain performance. The findings also exposed that the leadership has been significantly moderated among the nexus of supply chain information integration, supply chain customer integration and supply chain performance. These outcomes are suitable for the regulators who want to develop the regulations related to the performance of the supply chain that could increase the performance of the organization.
A Cell Counting Framework Based on Random Forest and Density Map

Cell counting is a fundamental part of biomedical and pathological research. Predicting a density map is the mainstream method to count cells. As an easy-trained and well-generalized model, the random forest is often used to learn the cell images and predict the density maps. However, it cannot predict the data that are beyond the training data, which may result in underestimation. To overcome this problem, we propose a cell counting framework to predict the density map by detecting cells. The cell counting framework contains two parts: the training data preparation and the detection framework. The former makes sure that the cells can be detected even when overlapping, and the latter makes sure the count result accurate and robust. The proposed method uses multiple random forests to predict various probability maps where the cells can be detected by Hessian matrix. Take all the detection results into consideration to get the density map and achieve better performance. We conducted experiments on three public cell datasets. Experimental results showed that the proposed model performs better than the traditional random forest (RF) in terms of accuracy and robustness, and even superior to some state-of-the-art deep learning models. Especially when the training data are small, which is the usual case in cell counting, the count errors on VGG cells, and MBM cells were decreased from 3.4 to 2.9, from 11.3 to 9.3, respectively. The proposed model can obtain the lowest count error and achieves state-of-the-art.
Heck Reactions of Crotonaldehyde

A direct method for the synthesis of β,β-disubstituted-α,β-unsaturated aldehydes via Heck reaction of aryl halides with crotonaldehyde and related substrates has been developed. The reaction provides rapid access to products usually prepared via multistep sequences. The power of the method in combination with an organocatalytic transfer hydrogenation is illustrated with a short asymmetric synthesis of ( S)-Florhydral ® .
Genetic Map of Relapsed and Refractory Diffuse Large B-cell Lymphoma: A Systemic Review and Association Analysis

Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) is the most common histological subtype of non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL). In recent years, a deeper understanding of the genetic subtypes of diffuse large B lymphoma has been reached, and these advances have also been applied to research on relapsed and refractory diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (RRDLBCL). We screened 1495 documents, compiled the whole-exome sequencing data of several studies, formed a data set including 92 observations, and performed association analysis on the high-frequency mutations among them. The most common mutations in the data set include TTN (34/92, 37.0%), KMT2D (29/92, 31.5%), TP53 (25/92, 27.2%), IGLL5 (25/92, 27.2%), CREBBP (21 /92, 22.8%), BCL2 (21/92, 22.8%), MYD88 (20/92, 21.7%), and SOCS1 (19/92, 20.7%). Among these, CREBBP, KMT2D, and BCL2 have a strong association with each other, and SOCS1 has a strong association with genes such as ACTB, CIITA, and GNA13. There is also a strong association between SOCS1 and STAT6. Though TP53 and MYD88 lack significant associations with most genes, the association between MYD88 and PIM1 is significant. Through SOM clustering and expression-level analysis of common gene mutations, we believe that RRDLBCL can be divided into four main types: (1) JAK-STAT-related type, including STAT6, SOCS1, ITPKB, CIITA, and B2M. The expression lineage is similar to PMBL and cHL. (2) EZB type: BCL2 and EZHZ are the main types of mutations. Epigenetic mutations such as KMT2D and CREBBP are more common in this type, and are often accompanied by BCL2 mutations. (3) MCD type, including MYD88, CD79B and PIM1. These genes are involved in the BCR signaling pathway and related pathways, and are connected by the common NF-κB pathway. (4) Undefined type (Sparse Mutation type). These patients are mainly individuals with sparse mutations, including some patients with TP53 mutations (30.3%, 10/33), but who generally lack characteristic mutations. Among the common gene mutations, the expression changes in BCL2, PIM1, STAT6, ITPKB, and GNA13 have more significant prognostic significance. We also reviewed the literature from recent years concerning the previously mentioned common gene mutations.
Characterization of Ordered Mesoporous Carbons Synthesized Using MCM-48 Silicas as Templates

CMK-1 ordered mesoporous carbons were synthesized using MCM-48 silica templates with a wide range of unit-cell parameters and pore sizes. Sucrose and furfuryl alcohol were employed as carbon precursors. It was confirmed that the isolation of the CMK-1 carbon via dissolution of the MCM-48 template is accompanied by a structural transformation, which manifests itself in the change of the X-ray diffraction pattern. It is suggested that the transformation is related to the disconnected nature of the two interwoven parts of the CMK-1 framework (which are formed in two enantiomeric MCM-48 channel systems separated by the silica wall) and may involve a mutual displacement of these two parts to create some contact between them and fix their mutual position. It was shown that the application of different MCM-48 templates allowed for tailoring of the CMK-1 unit-cell size. However, the primary mesopore size of CMK-1 was found to be relatively constant. This was explained as a consequence of the formation of primary .
π-dimers of oligothiophene cations

The structure and stability of dimers of quaterthiophene radical cations are studied using density functional calculations. Several dimer structures are identified that are metastable in vacuum, in which the cations are stacked coplanarly. Evidence for a weak chemical dimer bonding is found from the binding energy curves and the singlet–triplet splittings. Introducing solvent or solid-state effects by embedding the dimer in a dielectric medium results in stabilizing the dimer, as is observed experimentally. An infinite stack of quaterthiophene cations shows a weak spontaneous dimerization.
Financial Statements Fraud Detection: Analysis of Beneish and Roxas Models Applicability (Russian Approach)

It is well known that there are many reasons for economic entities to distort their financial statements deliberately. It is a general practice, that reporting becomes the subject for management's manipulation. For example, top staff seeks to reduce the tax base by undercharging the profits in accounting (financial) statements. It expects to attract the maximum number of investors as their positive expectations have a beneficial effect on the growth of the market value of shares and the strengthening of the position of theeconomic entity in the market. Illegal actions misinform the users and mislead them. Distorted reporting also has a negative impact on management decisions, and it jeopardizes the existence of the company. As evidenced in practice the economic analysis is not always able to reveal the fact of fraud immediately. Checking the accounting (financial) statements for distortions is the most important stage in the process of audit. This method is very useful as a tool of reducing the risk of undetected distortions.
Real-time Forecasting of the Australian Macroeconomy Using Flexible Bayesian VARs

This paper evaluates the real-time forecast performance of alternative Bayesian Vector Autoregressive (VAR) models for the Australian macroeconomy. To this end, we construct an updated vintage database and estimate a set of model specifications with different covariance structures. The results suggest that a large VAR model with 20 variables tends to outperform a small VAR model when forecasting GDP growth, CPI inflation and unemployment rate. We find consistent evidence that the models with more flexible error covariance structures forecast GDP growth and inflation better than the standard VAR, while the standard VAR does better than its counterparts for unemployment rate. The results are robust under alternative priors and when the data includes the early stage of the COVID-19 crisis.
Crystallization Behavior of Mg-Doped Titania

The Mg-doped TiO2 was prepared by Sol-gel method at low temperature. The crystallization of TiO2 was studied by DTA, it was shown that the phase transition temperature of the Mg (NO3)2-doped TiO2 from amorphous to anatase and then to rutile significantly reduce. The XRD results show that the Mg-doped TiO2 has anatase and rutile annealed at 600 °C. Studies of photo-catalytic degradation show that the photo-catalytic activity of Mg-doped TiO2 thin film is higher than that of non-doped TiO2.