Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
B-chromosome Paradigms in Genetic System of Poppy (Papaver somniferum L.)

2B chromosomes are reported here in Papaver somniferum L. , cultivar Vivek, which had previously not been reported. The present piece of work investigates the influence of B-chromosomes on the genetic system of the plant and it proposes that variations are present not only between carrier and non-carrier plants but also between carrier and non-carrier pollen mother cells (PMCs) of the carrier plants. Morphologically B and non B carrier plants were indistinguishable but they showed a significant effect on the endophenotype of the plant without depriving it of its vigor. The study deals with a brief investigation on the genomic behavior of B-chromosomes and their influence on A-chromosome’s chiasma frequency and pollen fertility. In comparison to noncarrier plants, an increase in chiasma frequency with mild reduction in fertility has also been observed in B-carrier plants. With regard to earlier investigations, the possible mechanism of action of B-chromosomes has been discussed. Owing to their particular properties, B-chromosomes might be used to elucidate wider issues of genome organization and evolution in plants and make sense of them.
Electron paramagnetic resonance and optical spectroscopic evidence for interaction between siroheme and Fe4S4 prosthetic groups in Escherichia coli sulfite reductase hemoprotein subunit.

The hemoprotein subunit (SiR-HP) of Escherichia coli NADPH-sulfite reductase contains one siroheme (high-spin Fe3+, D = 8 cm-1) and one oxidized Fe4S4 center per polypeptide. Christner et al. [Christner, J.A. , Munck, E. , Janick, P.A. , & Siegel, L.M. (1981) J. Biol. Chem. 256, 2098-2101] have shown by Mossbauer spectroscopy that the two prosthetic groups of SiR-HP are magnetically exchange coupled in the oxidized enzyme, a result which indicates the presence of a chemical bridge between them. Photoreduction of SiR-HP in the presence of 5'-deazaflavin and ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid causes the enzyme to accept up to 2.0 electrons. The two reducible centers in SiR-HP are reduced independently with a midpoint potential difference of 65 mV, the siroheme being more positive. The first electron added to SiR-HP results in loss of the g = 6.63, 5.24, and 1.98 set of EPR signals due to the ferriheme and production of an EPR-silent state. The second added electron results in the parallel appearance of three distinct types of EPR signal: a novel species with g = 2.53, 2.29, and 2.07 (0.63 spin per heme); two "S = 3/2 type" species with g = 5.23, 2.80, and ca. 2.0 and g = 4.82, 3.39, and ca. 2.0 (together account for 0.16 spin per heme); and a very small amount of a "classical" reduced Fe4S4 center signal with g = 2.04, 1.93, and 1.91 (0.03 spin per heme). The temperature dependences of the "g = 2.29" and "g = 1.93" signals are similar to each other and are like those seen with other Fe4S4 center proteins. Addition of small amounts of guanidinium sulfate (0.1 M) to SiR-HP causes the spectrum of fully reduced enzyme to show primarily the S = 3/2 type species (g = 4.88, 3.31, and 2.08; 0.84 spin per heme), although the enzyme remains fully active. Optical spectral changes followed as a function of enzyme reduction show that marked changes occur in the Fe2+ siroheme optical spectrum when the Fe4S4 center becomes reduced or oxidized. These results indicate that the prosthetic groups of SiR-HP remain coupled when the enzyme is reduced. It is suggested that the novel EPR signals result from exchange interaction between S = 1 or 2 ferroheme and S = 1/2 reduced Fe4S4.
A methodology to test the pertinence of remote-sensing data assimilation into vegetation models for water and energy exchange at the land surface

This paper presents a methodology to test the performance of assimilation of satellite data into models for the functioning of the continental surface. This methodology applies the Kalman Ensemble Filter to modelling of plant growth and senescence in conjunction with the water and energy exchanges at the land surface. It belongs to a family of methods known in meteorology and oceanography as the Observing System Simulation Experiment (OSSE) approach. By combining information from modelling and observation, the Kalman Ensemble Filter permits corrections in real time of the simulated state of the continental surface, as well as propagation in time of the associated uncertainties. The OSSE approach may present a first step in designing a decision support system, and also in predicting the usefulness of new types of satellite data.
Multiple Sclerosis and Trigeminal Neuralgia: A Well-Noted Association with Unknown Occurrence as a Presenting Symptom: Our Experience in Multi Centric Study

Objective: The association between trigeminal neuralgia (TN) and multiple sclerosis (MS) is well established. In many cases series the frequency of TN is reported in patients with MS but information regarding the frequency of trigeminal pain as a symptom of disease onset is lacking. We present a multi centric analysis of SM-patients affected by TN where we investigated the onset of symptomatology and a current literature analysis. Patients and Methods: We prospectively acquired clinical and radiological information of patients with MS and with TN that were visited at our clinics in two different departments. A pertinent literature review was carried out as well. We investigated the prevalence of TN in patients with MS and we noted whether facial pain was the symptom of MS onset. Results: A total of 718 patients with multiple sclerosis were analyzed, of which 63 presented TN. The neuropathic facial pain was the presenting symptom of MS in 3 patients, that constituted 0.4% of cases. The results reported in the literature confirm a frequency of 0.4-1% of the cases in which the first symptom of MS is TN and are like those observed in our study. Conclusions: Is important to investigate the rate of debut of TN in SM patients to set up the correct diagnostic and therapeutic program. Among the different types of neuropathic pain, TN in MS patients are a difficult to treat with a relevant impact on the quality of life. TN constitutes a clinical picture frequently associated with the MS. Nevertheless, TN as a clinical manifestation of the onset of MS is a rare occurrence and is just noted that is rarely the first symptom of disease.
Ecosystem services provided by amphibians and reptiles in Neotropical ecosystems

Human welfare depends directly or indirectly on the services provided by ecosystems. Amphibians and reptiles represent a high proportion of global species diversity and include species that are widely distributed throughout the world and play a variety of roles that benefit humans. The aim of this study was to identify and describe the ecosystem services provided by amphibians and reptiles in Neotropical ecosystems to evaluate the contribution of these highly diverse groups to human welfare. We conducted a literature review of articles and books from databases and university libraries and collected data from 106 studies. Amphibians and reptiles contributed directly and indirectly to the four types of ecosystem services: provisioning, regulating, cultural, and supporting. Most available studies reported the use of direct services from reptiles and indirect services from amphibians. Although eight ecosystem services were identified, most studies focused on reptiles as seed dispersers and protein sources. Biological pest control and bioturbation were the most widely studied services obtained from amphibians. Further research are necessary to understand the ecological functions involving amphibians and reptiles and their importance in the provision of key ecosystem services for human well-being.
Patient Outcome Questionnaires in the British Spine Registry: Why are Response Rates Low and Which Patients Groups are responding?

Abstract Objective: The British Spinal Registry (BSR) is fast becoming an integral part of recording spinal surgical activity and its outcomes.The most recent report from the BSR identified a complete data set collection of only 30% of recruited patients. We aimed to evaluate feedback rates and to identify which groups of patients were most likely to respond. Methods: We analysed a single surgeon’s BSR database identifying response rates for patients recruited from 2016-2018.The subset analysis considered response rates according to patient age, gender, prior responses and date of surgery. Results: Overall 297 patients were analysed, of these 58% completed the preoperative baseline questionnaire, 33% at 6 weeks, 25% at 6 months and 1 year and 28% at 2 years. Those who responded at 6 weeks were far more likely to respond to subsequent questionnaires OR 29.9 (95% CI=9.3-95.7 p<0.0001). Women, and the millennial generation were more likely to respond OR 2.0 (95% CI 1.2-3.4 p=0.012) and OR 1.79 (95% CI 1.2-2.6 p=0.003) respectively. Analysis of the Oswestry Disability Index (ODI) scores showed patients at the extremes were more likely to respond. The response rate has progressively declined each year. Conclusion: Overall response rates are low and continuing to decline. Those who respond are most likely to be female millennials with either very high or very low ODI scores. These results should stimulate discussion around improving patient engagement and instil caution when using this registry to guide future practice and funding distribution.
Registration of KS96WGRC40 hard red winter wheat germplasm resistant to wheat curl mite, stagnospora leaf blotch, and septoria leaf blotch

KS96WGRC40 (Reg. no. GP-559, PI 604225) is a hard red winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) with resistance to wheat curl mite, stagonospora leaf blotch and septoria leaf blotch developed cooperatively by the USDA-ARS, the Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station, and the Wheat Genetics Resource Center. It was released as a germplasm in August 1996. The pedigree of KS96WGRC40 is KS93U69*2/TA 2397. KS93U69 is a sister line of KS90WGRC10 (TAM 107'*3/TA 2460), and TA 2397 and TA 2460 are accessions ofAegilops tauschii Coss. collected near Sisiar in Afghanistan and Khoshyailagh in Iran, respectively. KS96WGRC40 was formed by bulking seed from six plants of the germplasm line KS95WGRC33 that showed high levels of resistance to the wheat curl mite (Aceria tosichilla Keifer). Wheat curl mites of the Wakeeney strain were used to infest 11-d-old seedlings at the rate of five mites per plant. Mite populations per plant 10 d later were as follows: TAM 107, 71.2; KS93U69, 53.3; TA2397, 0.0; KS96WGRC40, 6.2. KS96WGRC40, like KS95WGRC33, is resistant to stagonospora and septoria leaf blotches [caused by Stagonospora nodorum (Berk.) Castellani & E.G. Germane and Septoria tritici Roberge in Desmaz. , respectively] when inoculated as seedlings in the greenhouse and under natural infection in the field. Both germplasms had significantly longer green leaf duration than TAM 107 or KS93U69 in the field under septoria leaf-blotch infection at Parsons, KS, in 1993 and 1994, and under stagonospora leaf-blotch infection at Hutchinson and Manhattan, KS, and Laurel Springs, NC, in 1996. They had lower seedling-infection scores for both diseases than did TAM 107 in greenhouse tests at Manhattan. When inoculated in seedling experiments with a field-collected isolate of Se. tritici from Riley County, Kansas, the germplasms had 4% of leaf area infected, compared with 28% for KS93U69, 41% for TAM 107, and 29% for 'Karl 92', the resistant check cultivar. In replicated tests in the greenhouse in 1995, seedlings of KS95WGRC33 inoculated with St. nodorum had 36% of leaf area infected, compared with 50.4% for TAM 107, and 23.5% for Jagger, the resistant check cultivar. The wheat curl mite and leaf blotch resistance of KS96WGRC40 are derived from TA 2397. The genetic basis of the resistance has not been determined. KS96WGRC40 also carries the gene Lr41 for resistance to leaf rust (caused by Puccinia recondita Roberge ex Desmaz.) from TA 2460 via KS93U69. It is similar to TAM 107 in days to heading, plant height, and general phenotype. Small quantities (2 g) of seed of KS96WGRC40 are available upon written request. Appropriate recognition of source should be given when this germplasm contributes to research or development of a new breeding line or cultivar. Seed stocks are maintained by the Wheat Genetics Resource Center, Dep. of Agronomy, Throckmorton Plant Sciences Center, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506-5502.
Identifikasi dan Penetapan Kadar Senyawa Saponin Ekstrak Etanol Bunga Senggani (Melastoma malabathricum L) Metode Gravimetri

Traditional medicine is an ancestral cultural heritage derived from natural materials and to this day continue to be used by the general public. One of the plants that can be used as a traditional medicine is a plant Senggani (Melastoma malabathricum L). The purpose of this study was to determine the saponins contained from flower extracts Senggani (Melastoma malabathricum L) and percent saponin levels of Senggani flower extract (Melastoma malabathricum L). Extraction is done by maceration using ethanol 96% for 5 days. Extraction obtained is then concentrated by means of a rotary evaporator. The results were qualitative identification of the foam test and color test and quantitative assay with gravimetric method. Based on research conducted Senggani ethanol extracts of flowers (Melastoma malabathricum L) contains saponins types of triterpenoids seen from the ring in maroon and obtained the average level of interest saponin Senggani (Melastoma malabathricum L) is 11.46%. Keywords: Flowers Senggani, saponin, Gravimetry
The Impact of Compatibility on the Process Integration of the Supply Chain in Improving Firm Performance: The Mediating Effect of Information Technology Capability

This study investigates the impact of various dimensions of compatibility on the process integration of the supply chain, which leads toward the improvement of firms operational and market performance. Meanwhile, this study also investigates the mediating effect of information technology capabilities between the relationship of supply chain process integration (SCPI) and firm performance. For this purpose, a survey was conducted via a structured questionnaire using online data collection method from the supply chain and production managers of superstores in Thailand. Total of 395 responses were analyzed using structural equation modeling (SEM) to test the hypotheses. The results proved the key important dimensions of compatibility facilitated SCPI, which contribute to the dynamic capability theory. Moreover, IT capabilities also proved as a key mediator, which have a partial influence on the relationship of SCPI and firm performance. Meanwhile, this study potentially contributes to the existing knowledge of supply chain management and open the new dimensions for future scholars to reveal this concept in detail.
Tributary-specific variation in timing of return of adult Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) to fresh water has a genetic component

Variation in the timing of return of adult Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) to rivers contributes diversity to salmon fisheries and is therefore an important effect on their economic value. In this paper, we test two sequential null hypotheses: (i) that run timing does not vary among populations from different tributaries and (ii) that differences in time of return between populations from different tributaries are not evident following transfer to a common location. Adult fish originating from two tributaries of the River Tay, the Almond and Tummel, were caught in local fisheries on different dates. For both tributaries, run timing in two-sea-winter (2SW) fish was earlier than for one-sea-winter (1SW) fish. Within both sea-age classes, recaptures of Tummel fish preceded those from the Almond. After the progeny of Almond and Tummel fish were transferred to a third tributary of the River Tay, the Braan, differences in run timing between the tributary groups were identified for both sea-age classes. The differ.
Distinctive Antioxidant and Antiinflammatory Effects of Flavonols

The antioxidant and antiinflammatory effects of flavonols have been suggested to be structure-related. Results revealed that selected flavonols, including fisetin (F), kaempferol (K), morin (MO), myricetin (MY), and quercetin (Q), exhibited distinctive free radical scavenging properties against different kinds of free radicals. The H donation (DPPH bleaching) potential was Q > F approximately equals MY > MO > K, indicating that the presence of a 3',4'-catechol moiety in the B ring correlated with high activity. The 4'-OH in the B ring was suggested to be important for reducing xanthing/xanthine oxidase-generated superoxide; while an additional OH moiety on the ortho sites (3' or 5') attenuated the effect as the observed inhibitory potency was K approximately equals MO > Q > F > MY. The relative inhibitory effect for Fenton-mediated hydroxyl radical was K approximately equals MO approximately equals Q > F > MY. This result implies the involvement of 4-keto, 5-OH region in Fe++ chelating and the negative effect of pyrogallol moiety in the B ring. Similar to the inhibitory activity against a N-formyl-methionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine (f-MLP)-stimulated oxidative burst in human polymorphonuclear neutrophils (PMN), our result showed that the structural peculiarity of the di-OH in the B ring obviously rendered F, Q, and MO more potent as ROS inhibitors than MY and K, which have tri- and mono-OH in the B ring, respectively. All of the previous data indicated that the structure prerequisite to reinforce the free radical scavenging activity varies with the type of free radical. We further analyzed the effects of flavonols on nitric oxide (NO) production in endotoxin-stimulated murine macrophages, RAW264.7 cells. Results showed that all flavonols (up to 10 microM) inhibited NO production without exerting detectable cytotoxicity. F, K, and Q dose-dependently repressed iNOS mRNA expression and prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) production, in part through an attenuating NF-kappaB signaling pathway. This result indicates that flavonols, despite structural similarity, have different antioxidant and antiinflammatory effects.
Repeated Records Animal Model to Estimate Genetic Parameters of Ultrasound Measurement Traits in Hanwoo Cows

Pusan National Univ(Department of Animal Science), Pusan 609-735, KoreaABSTRACTThe present study data were obtained from 36,894 cows in Korea Animal Improvement Association from 2001 to 2009 which was subjected for ultrasound measurements(eye muscle area, back-fat thickness, marbling score) and descent. Repeated record models were carried out using 7,913 of 36,894 of total animal traits. The ultrasound measured traits and performance test data were used to study the chest girth, body condition score, eye muscle area, back-fat thickness and marbling score with genetic correlation and parameters for the ultrasound measured traits using REMLF90 program. Genetic correlation of eye muscle area with back-fat thickness, marbling score and back-fat thickness with marbling score were noticed in repeated records animal model as 0.69, 0.54, and 0.59, whereas in multiple trait animal model method were 0.07, 0.66, and 0.39, respectively. Repeated records of animal models were used as positive correlation of traits. Multiple trait animal models were used as negative correlation of eye muscle area with marbling score. The analysis on repeat records of animal models using ultrasound measurements about Korean cattle showed positive effects for each traits. In comparison differences between the repeat records of animal models and multiple trait animal models was found with higher traits of her, the heritability and repeatability was found higher in repeat records animal models. In light of these assessments, carcass traits by ultrasound measurements are expected to help and improve an accurate analysis of each trait and if the research analysis using repeat records of animal models continue when we estimate genetic ability of these traits. (Key words : Carcass trait, Repeated records animal model, Ultrasound)
Destino ambiental dos herbicidas do grupo das imidazolinonas: revisão

The herbicides of the imidazolinone group control a wide range of weed species. They are absorbed by weed roots and leaves and transported through the phloem and xylem, accumulating in the plant growing points. They inhibit the enzyme acetolactate synthase (ALS), which synthesizes the branched chain amino acids. When used in the field, a large portion of these herbicides reach the soil, where they can be absorbed by the roots of plants, sorbed into the soil colloids, or dissolved in soil solution, going through photolysis, hydrolysis, microbial degradation or leaching. The sorption of imidazolinone is faster and affects other processes. High contents of clay, organic matter and pH lower than 6.0 contribute to enhance the sorption and persistence of imidazolinones in soil. The most important way of dissipation is by microbial degradation, thus conditions favoring microbial development will also enhance imidazolinone degradation.
The Use of Nearest Neighbor Frequency Analyses in Studies of Association

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