Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
How occupational therapists in Aotearoa/New Zealand have taken up ideas in the international occupational therapy literature

viii Chapter One: Introduction to the Study . 1 Introduction . 1 My story as a researcher . 2 Underlying assumptions . 4 Intent of study . 5 Context of the study . 5 Overview of the thesis . 6 Chapter Two: Review of the Literature . 8 Introduction . 8 Knowledge acquisition, translation and application . 8 The link between theory and practice . 12 Searching for the ideas informing practice . 15 Examining the key ideas . 15 Occupational therapy basic assumptions . 15 Occupational therapy practice models . 17 Updating and changing theory . 19 Occupation and enablement – a focus on ‘doing’ . 21 Occupational strategies . 22 Assessment . 23 Communicating with clients – client-­‐centred occupational goals . 24 Communicating with colleagues . 25 Clinical reasoning and its complexities . 26 Cultural Sensitivity . 29 Creativity . 32 Political aspects . 33 Is our knowledge fragmented? 35 Summary . 35 Chapter Three: Methodology . 37 Introduction . 37 Philosophical underpinnings and research method choice . 38 Pre-­‐supposition interview . 39 Ethics approval . 41 Ethical considerations . 41 ii Do no harm and avoidance of deceit . 41 Considerations in relation to the Treaty of Waitangi . 42 Confidentiality and anonymity . 42 Gift . 43 Recruitment . 44 Participant recruitment . 44 Participant demographics . 45 Data collection: Writing the questions; practice interview . 45 Data gathering and transcription . 46 Data analysis . 47 Inductive analysis . 47 Initial organization of data using inductive analysis . 47 Final analysis of data . 50 Overlapping coding and un-­‐coded text . 51 Strategies to ensure rigour and trustworthiness . 51 Summary . 54 Chapter Four: Findings Part 1 Sourcing and Taking Up Ideas Implicit in Occupational Therapy Practice . 55 Introduction . 55 Sourcing ideas . 55 Peers and colleagues . 55 Structured events, processes . 57 Self-­‐directed learning . 58 Providing occupational opportunities . 59 Adaptability – taking on an occupational perspective . 59 Occupation in practice . 61 Occupation and a holistic perspective . 63 Occupation, creativity and problem-­‐solving . 63 Providing enablement, justice and safety for clients . 64 Enablement . 64 Strategies to enable occupation . 66 Enablement with an eye on justice: Influencing clinical decisions . 67 Enabling occupation with regard to safety and risk . 69 Provision of occupational enablement and justice within Government policy . 70 Use and uptake of occupational theory, tools and strategies . 72 Spiritual understanding . 73 Language and occupation . 74 Marrying things up: Clinical reasoning . 75
An unusual presentation of Kabuki syndrome with orbital cysts, microphthalmia, and cholestasis with bile duct paucity

Kabuki syndrome (KS) is a rare developmental disorder characterized by multiple congenital malformations, postnatal growth retardation, intellectual disability, and recognizable facial features. It is mainly caused by mutations in either KMT2D or KDM6A. We describe a 14‐year‐old boy with KS presenting with an unusual combination of bilateral microphthalmia with orbital cystic venous lymphatic malformation and neonatal cholestasis with bile duct paucity, in addition to the typical clinical features of KS. We identified the novel KMT2D mutation c.10588delC, p.(Glu3530Serfs*128) by Mendeliome (Illumina TruSight One®) sequencing, a next generation sequencing panel targeting 4,813 genes linked to human genetic disease. We analyzed the Mendeliome data for additional mutations which might explain the exceptional clinical presentation of our patient but did not find any, leading us to suspect that the above named symptoms might be part of the KMT2D‐associated spectrum of anomalies. We thus extend the range of KS‐associated malformations and propose a hypothetical connection between KMT2D and Notch signaling. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Phenotype and genotype in 52 patients with Rubinstein–Taybi syndrome caused by EP300 mutations

Rubinstein–Taybi syndrome (RSTS) is a developmental disorder characterized by a typical face and distal limbs abnormalities, intellectual disability, and a vast number of other features. Two genes are known to cause RSTS, CREBBP in 60% and EP300 in 8–10% of clinically diagnosed cases. Both paralogs act in chromatin remodeling and encode for transcriptional co‐activators interacting with >400 proteins. Up to now 26 individuals with an EP300 mutation have been published. Here, we describe the phenotype and genotype of 42 unpublished RSTS patients carrying EP300 mutations and intragenic deletions and offer an update on another 10 patients. We compare the data to 308 individuals with CREBBP mutations. We demonstrate that EP300 mutations cause a phenotype that typically resembles the classical RSTS phenotype due to CREBBP mutations to a great extent, although most facial signs are less marked with the exception of a low‐hanging columella. The limb anomalies are more similar to those in CREBBP mutated individuals except for angulation of thumbs and halluces which is very uncommon in EP300 mutated individuals. The intellectual disability is variable but typically less marked whereas the microcephaly is more common. All types of mutations occur but truncating mutations and small rearrangements are most common (86%). Missense mutations in the HAT domain are associated with a classical RSTS phenotype but otherwise no genotype–phenotype correlation is detected. Pre‐eclampsia occurs in 12/52 mothers of EP300 mutated individuals versus in 2/59 mothers of CREBBP mutated individuals, making pregnancy with an EP300 mutated fetus the strongest known predictor for pre‐eclampsia. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Effect of "Pisang Ambon" (Musa acuminata COOLA) on Adult Female Blood Pressure on Cold Stress Test

Introduction: Ambon bananas (Musa acuminata Colla) is one of the most valuable plants in the world, especially in tropical area like Indonesia. Bananas has merti and good nutrient. Banana flesh is rich in potassium and is believed could reduce blood pressure. Most countries face high and increasing rates of cardiovascular disease. There is therefore increased emphasis on research for the treatment of cardiovascular disease. Objective: to know the influence of Ambon bananas towards the rise in woman blood pressure in cold stress test. Methods: The research used a Real Prospective, Comparative Experimental Method, using random complete design. The subjects were 20 woman, aged 19-22 years old that was given one Ambon banana every day for seven days. Blood pressure cold stress test was measured before eating bananas on the first day and after eating bananas on the 7th day using auscultation method on upper arm. Data was analyzed with paired "t" tes, with a=0.05. Results of the research showed the significant decline in the rise in blood pressure cold stress test after eating one Ambon banana every day for seven days (p<0.05). Conclusion: Ambon bananas reduced the rise in woman blood pressure in cold stress test.
Quantifying the heterogeneous heat response of Escherichia coli under dynamic temperatures

Aims: Non‐sigmoid growth curves of Escherichia coli obtained at constant temperatures near the maximum growth temperature (Tmax) were previously explained by the coexistence of two subpopulations, i.e. a stress‐sensitive and a stress‐resistant subpopulation. Mathematical simulations with a heterogeneous model support this hypothesis for static experiments at 45°C. In this article, the behaviour of E. coli, when subjected to a linearly increasing temperature crossing Tmax, is studied.
Diversity of 16S rRNA and dioxygenase genes detected in coal‐tar‐contaminated site undergoing active bioremediation

Aims: In order to develop effective bioremediation strategies for polyaromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) degradation, the composition and metabolic potential of microbial communities need to be better understood, especially in highly PAH contaminated sites in which little information on the cultivation‐independent communities is available.
Tract-based analysis of magnetization transfer ratio and diffusion tensor imaging of the frontal and frontotemporal connections in schizophrenia.

BACKGROUND In the pathophysiology of schizophrenia, aberrant connectivity between brain regions may be a central feature. Diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) studies have shown altered fractional anisotropy (FA) in white brain matter in schizophrenia. Focal reductions in myelin have been suggested in patients using magnetization transfer ratio (MTR) imaging but to what extent schizophrenia may be related to changes in MTR measured along entire fiber bundles is still unknown. METHODS DTI and MTR images were acquired with a 1.5-T scanner in 40 schizophrenia patients and compared with those of 40 healthy participants. The mean FA and mean MTR were measured along the genu of the corpus callosum and the left and right uncinate fasciculus. RESULTS A higher mean MTR of 1% was found in the right uncinate fasciculus in patients compared with healthy participants. A significant negative correlation between age and mean FA in the left uncinate fasciculus was found in schizophrenia patients but not in healthy participants. CONCLUSIONS Decreased FA in the left uncinate fasciculus may be more prominent in patients with longer illness duration. The increased mean MTR in the right uncinate fasciculus could reflect a compensatory role for myelin in these fibers or possibly represent aberrant frontotemporal connectivity.
Combined treatment of a lateral incisor with palato-radicular groove: 1 year follow-up

Periodontic - endodontic lesion with a palato-radicular groove as a contributing factor for periodontitis is the most important diagnostic and therapeutic challenges faced by periodontists and the maxillary lateral incisors are the most frequently affected teeth. These developmental grooves promotes the accumulation of plaque and calculus, which destroys the sulcular epithelium and later deeper parts of the periodontium, finally resulting in the formation of a severe localized periodontal lesion since proper cleaning of that site is difficult, if not impossible, for the patient. There are different types of treatment such as scaling and root planning, odontoplasty, amalgam restoration, and extraction of the tooth to treat palatogingival groove and associated periodontal bone defects. In this case, a successful management of an endodontic-periodontal combined lesion by combined treatment and guided tissue regeneration was presented.
Characterization of the Molecular Architecture of Human Caveolin-3 and Interaction with the Skeletal Muscle Ryanodine Receptor

Background: Caveolin-3 facilitates both caveolae formation and a range of cell signaling pathways, including Ca2+ homeostasis. Results: Caveolin-3 forms a disc-shaped nonamer that binds the Ca2+-release channel, RyR1. Conclusion: Multiple caveolin-3 nonamers bind to a single RyR1 homotetramer. Significance: First three-dimensional structural insights into caveolin-3 assembly, interactions with RyR1 suggest a novel role in muscle contraction and/or for channel localization within the membrane. Caveolin-3 (cav-3), an integral membrane protein, is a building block of caveolae as well as a regulator of a number of physiological processes by facilitating the formation of multiprotein signaling complexes. We report that the expression of cav-3 in insect (Sf9) cells induces caveola formation, comparable in size with those observed in native tissue. We have also purified the recombinant cav-3 determining that it forms an oligomer of ∼220 kDa. We present the first three-dimensional structure for cav-3 (using transmission electron microscopy and single particle analysis methods) and show that nine cav-3 monomers assemble to form a complex that is toroidal in shape, ∼16.5 nm in diameter and ∼ 5.5 nm in height. Labeling experiments and reconstitution of the purified cav-3 into liposomes have allowed a proposal for the orientation of the protein with respect to the membrane. We have identified multiple caveolin-binding motifs within the ryanodine receptor (RyR1) sequence employing a bioinformatic analysis. We have then shown experimentally that there is a direct interaction between recombinant cav-3 nonamers and purified RyR1 homotetramers that would imply that at least one of the predicted cav-3-binding sites is exposed within the fully assembled RyR1 structure. The cav-3 three-dimensional model provides new insights as to how a cav-3 oligomer can bind multiple partners in close proximity to form signaling complexes. Furthermore, a direct interaction with RyR1 suggests a possible role for cav-3 as a modifier of muscle excitation-contraction coupling and/or for localization of the receptor to regions of the sarcoplasmic reticulum.
Emotional experience in negative symptoms of schizophrenia--no evidence for a generalized hedonic deficit.

BACKGROUND Deficits in emotion processing are thought to underlie the key negative symptoms flat affect and anhedonia observed in psychotic disorders. This study investigated emotional experience and social behavior in the realm of daily life in a sample of patients with schizophrenia and schizoaffective disorder, stratified by level of negative symptoms. METHODS Emotional experience and behavior of 149 patients with schizophrenia and schizoaffective disorder and 143 controls were explored using the Experience Sampling Method. RESULTS Patients reported lower levels of positive and higher levels of negative affect compared with controls. High negative symptom patients reported similar emotional stability and capacity to generate positive affect as controls, whereas low negative symptom patients reported increased instability. All participants displayed roughly comparable emotional responses to the company of other people. However, in comparison with controls, patients showed more social withdrawal and preference to be alone while in company, particularly the high negative symptom group. CONCLUSIONS This study revealed no evidence for a generalized hedonic deficit in patients with psychotic spectrum disorders. Lower rather than higher levels of negative symptoms were associated with a pattern of emotional processing which was different from healthy controls.
Le personnel à risque d'accidents d'exposition au sang dans un CHU de l'Ouest algérien

Les accidents d’exposition au sang (AES) constituent un risque de transmission des virus de l’hepatite B ou C et du VIH chez les personnels exposes. Une enquete a ete realisee aupres du personnel du CHU de Sidi Bel-Abbes (Algerie) afin de determiner l’incidence, les categories professionnelles a risque ainsi que les circonstances de survenue des AES declares sur une periode de 2 ans. Les donnees personnelles et professionnelles, le statut vaccinal, les circonstances de l’accident, la conduite immediate post AES, et le suivi serologique ont ete recueillis. 108 AES chez 70 femmes et 38 hommes ont ete enregistres. Quarante-quatre ont ete declares en 2005 et 64 en 2006. Les piqures representaient 81,5 % des cas. La serologie du patient « source » etait inconnue dans 80,6 % des cas et positive dans 10,2 % des cas. Le suivi serologique des victimes a ete realise chez 62 % des sujets le premier jour, 12 % a 3 mois et 36 % a 6 mois. Aucune seroconversion n’a ete notee. Le personnel d’entretien, a l’origine de plus du tiers des declarations d’AES, represente une categorie tres exposee. Ces AES sont directement lies a la mauvaise gestion des dechets du fait d’un manque de collecteur rigide adapte, mais aussi du manque de sensibilisation des personnels soignants au risque. Aussi, 41,7 % des AES auraient pu etre evites si les objets piquants ou tranchants etaient correctement elimines. Il est urgent de renforcer la sensibilisation du personnel soignant vis-a-vis du respect des precautions universelles et de mettre a leur disposition des conteneurs adaptes pour la collecte des objets piquants ou tranchants.
Neurological soft signs are not "soft" in brain structure and functional networks: evidence from ALE meta-analysis.

BACKGROUND Neurological soft signs (NSS) are associated with schizophrenia and related psychotic disorders. NSS have been conventionally considered as clinical neurological signs without localized brain regions. However, recent brain imaging studies suggest that NSS are partly localizable and may be associated with deficits in specific brain areas. METHOD We conducted an activation likelihood estimation meta-analysis to quantitatively review structural and functional imaging studies that evaluated the brain correlates of NSS in patients with schizophrenia and other psychotic disorders. Six structural magnetic resonance imaging (sMRI) and 15 functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) studies were included. RESULTS The results from meta-analysis of the sMRI studies indicated that NSS were associated with atrophy of the precentral gyrus, the cerebellum, the inferior frontal gyrus, and the thalamus. The results from meta-analysis of the fMRI studies demonstrated that the NSS-related task was significantly associated with altered brain activation in the inferior frontal gyrus, bilateral putamen, the cerebellum, and the superior temporal gyrus. CONCLUSIONS Our findings from both sMRI and fMRI meta-analyses further support the conceptualization of NSS as a manifestation of the "cerebello-thalamo-prefrontal" brain network model of schizophrenia and related psychotic disorders.
RDoC and DSM-5: what's the fuss?

Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, fifth edition (DSM-5) is easy to criticize, and most criticisms would apply to DSM-IV, III, or any versions of the International Classification of Diseases (ICD). The central dissatisfaction is with the creation of a large number of specific diagnostic classes that continue to define clinical syndromes rather than unique disease entities. In this regard, the classification systems do not create the problem but merely reflect the inadequate knowledge base. Most disorders are not presently linked to a single etiopathophysiological process that results in a disease entity with an attendant set of diagnostic criteria and biomarkers. In this regard, proponents and critics of DSM-5 would agree on what is desired. Criticism is not accompanied by credible classification alternatives supported by compelling clinical and scientific evidence. This is especially true at the level of clinical utility, epidemiology, services, policy, finance, and education. By contrast, credible companion and alternative approaches have been articulated by the research community, not as a critique of the clinical utility of current classification but as a stronger heuristic for advancing scientific knowledge.
Psychopathological mechanisms linking childhood traumatic experiences to risk of psychotic symptoms: analysis of a large, representative population-based sample.

BACKGROUND Different psychological models of trauma-induced psychosis have been postulated, often based on the observation of "specific" associations between particular types of childhood trauma (CT) and particular psychotic symptoms or the co-occurrence of delusions and hallucinations. However, the actual specificity of these associations remains to be tested. METHODS In 2 population-based studies with comparable methodology (Netherlands Mental Health Survey and Incidence Study-1 [NEMESIS-1] and NEMESIS-2, N = 13 722), trained interviewers assessed CT, psychotic symptoms, and other psychopathology. Specificity of associations was assessed with mixed-effects regression models with multiple outcomes, a statistical method suitable to examine specificity of associations in case of multiple correlated outcomes. RESULTS Associations with CT were strong and significant across the entire range of psychotic symptoms, without evidence for specificity in the relationship between particular trauma variables and particular psychotic experiences (PEs). Abuse and neglect were both associated with PEs (OR abuse: 2.12, P < .001; OR neglect: 1.96, P < .001), with no large or significant difference in effect size. Intention-to-harm experiences showed stronger associations with psychosis than CT without intent (χ(2) = 58.62, P < . 001). Most trauma variables increased the likelihood of co-occurrence of delusions and hallucinations rather than either symptom in isolation. DISCUSSION Intention to harm is the key component linking childhood traumatic experiences to psychosis, most likely characterized by co-occurrence of hallucinations and delusions, indicating buildup of psychotic intensification, rather than specific psychotic symptoms in isolation. No evidence was found to support psychological theories regarding specific associations between particular types of CT and particular psychotic symptoms.
Intradermal Immunization of C3H Mice against a Sarcoma That Originated in an Animal of the Same Line

Since the early work of Clowes and Baeslack (13) it has been observed repeatedly that mice recovering spontaneously from successfullyimplanted tumors usually resist reinoculation with the same neoplasm. Based on this observation a method of active immunization against tumors was devised a few years ago (6, 7). This consists of inoculating susceptible animals intradermally with a very small and carefully measured amount of finely ground tumor cell suspension. Under proper control of dosage, the resulting intradermal tumors regress in certain instances, and animals that have recovered are usually immune to reinoculation of the same neoplasm by any route. Heretofore this method has been applied only to immunization against tumors of genetically unknown origin. In order to eliminate the possibility that the immunity thus obtained is caused by genetic differences between the tumor cells and those of the inoculated hosts, the intradermal method has been applied in the present study to the immunization of pedigreed mice of a pure inbred line against a tumor that originated in an animal of the same line. Mice of the C3H line, used in this study, have been bred by continuous brother-to-sister mating for more than 20 years (26, 27); they have thus acquired a remarkable genetic uniformity and may, for practical purposes, be considered homozygous. Should it be possible to obtain immunity in animals of the C3H line against a tumor that originated within the same line, a revision of the prevailing conception of the genetic nature of tumor immunity (4, 14, 15, 21, 23) may seem justified. Clearly, such immunity would not be caused by genetic differences between the cells of the host and those of the animal in which the tumor originated, since all mice of this line are genetically identical.