Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Carcinome neuroendocrine du sein: à propos d'un cas et revue de la literature

Les carcinomes neuroendocrines primitifs (CNEP) du sein sont des tumeurs rares. Ils sont actuellement inclus dans la dernière classification de l'OMS des tumeurs du sein. Nous rapportons un cas de localisation mammaire chez une patiente de 39 ans. Il s'agissait d'une tumeur localement avancée ayant nécessité une mastectomie et un curage ganglionnaire axillaire homolatérale. Une chimiothérapie adjuvante était indiquée. L’évolution était marquée par une poursuite évolutive locale. La patiente est décédée dans un tableau de pancytopénie fébrile après une survie d'un an.
FEM analysis on interturn fault of rotor wingding in DFIG

The stable operation of Doubly-fed induction generator (DFIG) is vital to wind power overall system reliability. The rotor winding inter-turn short circuit fault is one of the common electrical faults in DFIG, so it is necessary to research the fault features of DFIG with rotor winding inter-turn short circuit fault. The finite element model (FEM) of DFIG was presented and used to simulate the electromagnetic field distribution of DFIG under different degree of rotor inter-turn short circuit fault. The phase angle difference, the harmonic content of rotor currents and the harmonic content of air gap flux density were also explored. The approach presented in this paper will provide the basis for the protection of DFIG with rotor inter-turn short circuit fault.
Asthma and Sinusitis: Association and Implication

Background: Sinusitis occurs frequently in asthmatic patients. Epidemiologic data on sinusitis and lower airway disease must be evaluated with caution because they are based mostly on symptoms and do not include nasal endoscopic or computed tomography (CT) findings. Clinical support and evidence for this association are lacking. We evaluated the impact of sinusitis on lower airway disease in patients with well-characterized asthma. Methods: Subjects (n = 188) completed a questionnaire designed to provide information about their signs and symptoms related to asthma, allergic rhinitis (AR) and sinus disease. Patients (n = 104) were divided into four groups based on the presence or absence of sinusitis and/or AR. Clinical findings were compared in asthma patients with and without diagnosed sinusitis, by an otorhinolaryngologist or based on sinus CT findings. Results: The prevalence of sinusitis in patients with asthma was 36.7%. Sinus CT scan abnormalities were detected in 66.3% of patients with asthma. The scans revealed abnormal opacity in 17.9% of asthmatic patients without a history of sinusitis. There was a significant correlation between the rate of asthma severity and sinus morphologic abnormalities in patients with and without sinusitis. In adult-onset asthma (≧16 years old), sinusitis frequently preceded asthma, whereas in non-adult-onset asthma (<16 years old) it preceded sinusitis. The complication rate of sinusitis in asthmatic patients was significantly higher in adult-onset asthma than in non-adult-onset asthma. Conclusions: Our findings suggest that bronchial asthma is closely related to sinusitis and the onset age of asthma is important when considering allergic disease frequency. Whether sinus disease directly affects the intensity of bronchial inflammation remains to be elucidated.
A seasonal study for determination of aflatoxin M1 level in dairy products in Iranshahr, Iran

Background and Purpose : Aflatoxin M1, in milk and dairy products, is classified by the International Agency for Research on Cancer as human carcinogens (class 2B). The aim of this study was to evaluate aflatoxin M1 contamination level in dairy products from Iranshahr city, Iran, using ELISA technique. Materials and Methods: In our study, 87 samples of milk, white cheese, yoghurt, and butter were collected in different seasons and after preparation, were analyzed by ELISA technique. Results: The contamination level of aflatoxin M1 in pasteurized milk (n=40) yoghurt (n=15), white cheese (n=6), and butter (n=10) samples were determined to be 81.6%, 83.3%, 60%, and 100%, respectively. However, in 8.1% of the pasteurized milk samples, aflatoxin M1 concentration was above the legal accepted limit (>50 ng). The level of aflatoxin M1 was significantly higher in winter compared to summer (P<0.05). In addition, the concentration of aflatoxin M1 was higher in urban regions than rural ones (P<0.05). Conclusion: The results of this study emphasized the importance of seasonal and regional effects on aflatoxin M1 contamination of dairy products.
Gender differences in the quality of the school-to-work transition in Spain

ABSTRACT This article analyses to what extent gender affects the quality of the school-to-work transition in Spain, paying special attention to workers’ educational attainment. We estimate a four-equation system that explains the main obstacles young people face in their insertion process: part-time work, overeducation, fixed-term contracts and long unemployment spells; the model also considers the impact of the latter variable on the other three. Moreover, a synthetic indicator of transition quality based on the estimation of this model is developed. We conclude that men experience a better insertion process than women at every level of education (except for higher vocational training), although the gender gap is greater for long-cycle university programmes. Furthermore, when field of study is considered, men from most specializations enjoy a smoother transition than their female counterparts; nevertheless, women have the advantage in some female-dominated fields. A further analysis of gender differences reveals that they are due to the fact of being male or female to a great extent. The results also highlight that school-leavers from work-oriented programmes and those specialized in fields that provide them with more specific skills are more likely to succeed in the transition.
Fluorescent proteins for FRET microscopy: Monitoring protein interactions in living cells

The discovery and engineering of novel fluorescent proteins (FPs) from diverse organisms is yielding fluorophores with exceptional characteristics for live‐cell imaging. In particular, the development of FPs for fluorescence (or Förster) resonance energy transfer (FRET) microscopy is providing important tools for monitoring dynamic protein interactions inside living cells. The increased interest in FRET microscopy has driven the development of many different methods to measure FRET. However, the interpretation of FRET measurements is complicated by several factors including the high fluorescence background, the potential for photoconversion artifacts and the relatively low dynamic range afforded by this technique. Here, we describe the advantages and disadvantages of four methods commonly used in FRET microscopy. We then discuss the selection of FPs for the different FRET methods, identifying the most useful FP candidates for FRET microscopy. The recent success in expanding the FP color palette offers the opportunity to explore new FRET pairs.
Threshold voltage (V/sub th/) instability in HfO/sub 2/ high-/spl kappa/ gate stacks with TiN metal gate: comparison between NH/sub 3/ and O/sub 3/ interface treatments

The impacts of O/sub 3/ or NH/sub 3/ interface treatments on the long-term V/sub th/ instability in nMOSFET HfO/sub 2/ high-/spl kappa/ gate stacks with TiN metal gate electrodes are compared. The NH/sub 3/ interface treatment is found to be beneficial to suppress the V/sub th/ shift compared to the O/sub 3/-treated samples. This is explained by an enhanced valence band electrons injection in O/sub 3/-treated samples and is experimentally confirmed through a carrier separation measurement. The dynamic stress measurement also indicates that trapped charges are more easily detrapped in NH/sub 3/-treated samples than O/sub 3/-treated samples, improving significantly the V/sub th/ stability.
South Korean Teachers' Beliefs about Diversity: the Impact on Practice of Multicultural Education

Teachers in South Korean schools have begun to pay attention to the importance of multicultural education as Korea transforms into a multicultural society from a historically monoculture society. Because of Koreans’ pride in the homogeneity of their race, language, and culture, multiculturalism is an idea that is hard for many to accept. Education needs to play a key role in fostering and retaining the value of diversity. Studies suggest that teachers’ positive beliefs about diversity play a significant role to develop their multicultural competence and eventually to practice better multicultural education. The problem is little evidence exists in the literature about Korean teachers’ beliefs about diversity. The purpose of this study was to examine South Korean teachers’ beliefs about diversity, the factors that influence those beliefs, and the impact of those beliefs on their practice of multicultural education teaching. I used a mixed methods research approach which included surveys among a group of elementary teachers in South Korea and interviews with six teachers to examine their beliefs about diversity in more depth. Results indicated that for teachers in this study: (a) intercultural experiences positively influenced Korean teachers’ beliefs about diversity; and (b) teachers’ beliefs about diversity had a significant impact on their practice of multicultural teaching. Based on the findings, I suggest that teacher education programs provide meaningful intercultural experiences and support teachers to develop positive beliefs about diversity, and eventually, to practice better multicultural education in South Korea. KOREAN TEACHERS’ BELIEFS ABOUT DIVERSITY ii
Marginal Structural Models as a Tool for Standardization

In this article, we show the general relation between standardization methods and marginal structural models. Standardization has been recognized as a method to control confounding and to estimate causal parameters of interest. Because standardization requires stratification by confounders, the sparse-data problem will occur when stratified by many confounders and one then might have an unstable estimator. A new class of causal models called marginal structural models has recently been proposed. In marginal structural models, the parameters are consistently estimated by the inverse-probability-of-treatment weighting method. Marginal structural models give a nonparametric standardization using the total group (exposed and unexposed) as the standard. In epidemiologic analysis, it is also important to know the change in the average risk of the exposed (or the unexposed) subgroup produced by exposure, which corresponds to the exposed (or the unexposed) group as the standard. We propose modifications of the weights in the marginal structural models, which give the nonparametric estimation of standardized parameters. With the proposed weights, we can use the marginal structural models as a useful tool for the nonparametric multivariate standardization.
Impact of a Single Intravenous Administration of Nicorandil Before Reperfusion in Patients With ST-Segment–Elevation Myocardial Infarction

Background—Intravenous nicorandil, a hybrid compound of ATP-sensitive potassium channel opener and nitric oxide donor, has been reported to ameliorate early functional and clinical problems in patients with acute myocardial infarction. However, its effects on the late phase remain unclear. Methods and Results—This follow-up study to 5 years of a randomized, double-blinded trial was conducted among 368 patients with first ST-segment–elevation myocardial infarction undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). They were randomly assigned to receive 12 mg of nicorandil or a placebo intravenously just before reperfusion. We analyzed incidence of cardiovascular death or rehospitalization for congestive heart failure after PCI as well as various aspects of epicardial flow and microvascular function. Mean follow-up was 2.4 years (SD, 1.4). A total of 12 (6.5%) patients receiving nicorandil and 30 (16.4%) receiving placebo had cardiovascular death or hospital admission for congestive heart failure (hazard ratio, 0.39; 95% CI, 0.20 to 0.76; P=0.0058). Postprocedural TIMI 3 flow was obtained in 89.7% of the nicorandil group and in 81.4% of the placebo (hazard ratio, 1.99; 95% CI, 1.09 to 3.65; P=0.025). Corrected TIMI frame count was furthermore lower in the nicorandil group (21.0±9.1 versus 25.1±14.1; P=0.0009). ST-segment resolution >50% was observed in 79.5% and 61.2% of the nicorandil and placebo groups, respectively (hazard ratio, 2.45; 95% CI, 1.54 to 3.90; P=0.0002). Conclusions—The addition of intravenous nicorandil to PCI leads to beneficial clinical outcomes and prevents cardiovascular events of long duration and death in patients with ST-segment–elevation myocardial infarction.
Accurate Analysis and Modeling of Slot Coupled Patch Antennas by the TLM-IE and the FDTD Methods

An accurate analysis and modeling of slot coupled patch antennas is proposed in this work. Two time- domain methods are used for the electromagnetic simulation of these structures, namely the hybrid Transmission Line Matrix-Integral Equation (TLM-IE) method and the Finite Difference Time Domain (FDTD) method. In order to establish the accuracy of these approaches, an antenna, working at the frequency of 10 GHz, is fabricated and tested. The measured data are then compared with those obtained from the numerical simulations of the same structure. The antenna is characterized in the hypothesis of infinite ground plane and by neglecting the dielectric losses. The scattering parameters, as well as the input impedance and the far field radiated by the antenna, are evaluated by adopting, for both methods, the same uniform grid. The computed results are found to be in a good agreement with the experimental results. The capability to simulate accurately this kind of structures could be applied to the understanding of more complicated effects, such as the ground plane truncation.
Binding of Arabinogalactan Proteins by Yariv Phenylglycoside Triggers Wound-Like Responses in Arabidopsis Cell Cultures1[w]

Arabinogalactan-proteins (AGPs) are cell wall proteoglycans and are widely distributed in the plant kingdom. Classical AGPs and some nonclassical AGPs are predicted to have a glycosylphosphatidylinositol lipid anchor and have been suggested to be involved in cell-cell signaling. Yariv phenylglycoside is a synthetic probe that specifically binds to plant AGPs and has been used to study AGP functions. We treated Arabidopsis suspension cell cultures with Yariv phenylglycoside and observed decreased cell viability, increased cell wall apposition and cytoplasmic vesiculation, and induction of callose deposition. The induction of cell wall apposition and callose synthesis led us to hypothesize that Yariv binding of plant surface AGPs triggers wound-like responses. To study the effect of Yariv binding to plant surface AGPs and to further understand AGP functions, an Arabidopsis whole genome array was used to monitor the transcriptional modifications after Yariv treatment. By comparing the genes that are induced by Yariv treatment with genes whose expressions have been previously shown to be induced by other conditions, we conclude that the gene expression profile induced by Yariv phenylglycoside treatment is most similar to that of wound induction. It remains uncertain whether the Yariv phenylglycoside cross-linking of cell surface AGPs induces these genes through a specific AGP-based signaling mechanism or through a general mechanical perturbation of the cell surface.
Intraflagellar transport and the sensory outer segment of vertebrate photoreceptors

Analysis of the other segments of rod and cone photoreceptors in vertebrates has provided a rich molecular understanding of how light absorbed by a visual pigment can result in changes in membrane polarity that regulate neurotransmitter release. These events are carried out by a large group of phototransduction proteins that are enriched in the outer segment. However, the mechanisms by which phototransduction proteins are sequestered in the outer segment are not well defined. Insight into those mechanisms has recently emerged from the findings that outer segments arise from the plasma membrane of a sensory cilium, and that intraflagellar transport (IFT), which is necessary for assembly of many types of cilia and flagella, plays a crucial role. Here we review the general features of outer segment assembly that may be common to most sensory cilia as well those that may be unique to the outer segment. Those features illustrate how further analysis of photoreceptor IFT may provide insight into both IFT cargo and the role of alternative IFT kinesins. Developmental Dynamics 237:1982–1992, 2008. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Sustained effect of continuous positive airway pressure on baroreflex sensitivity in congestive heart failure patients with obstructive sleep apnea

Background Patients with either heart failure or obstructive sleep apnea have a reduced baroreflex sensitivity for heart rate, a sign of poor prognosis. We previously demonstrated that nocturnal application of continuous positive airway pressure to heart failure patients with obstructive sleep apnea increased baroreflex sensitivity acutely, but it is not known whether these effects persist into wakefulness. Objective To determine whether treating obstructive sleep apnea in heart failure patients with continuous positive airway pressure improves baroreflex sensitivity during wakefulness. Methods Spontaneous baroreflex sensitivity was assessed during wakefulness in 33 heart failure patients (left ventricular ejection fraction ≤ 45%) with obstructive sleep apnea (apnea–hypopnea index ≥ 20). Subsequently, baroreflex sensitivity was reassessed 1 month after patients were randomly allocated to nocturnal continuous positive airway pressure treatment or no treatment (control). Results Compared with the 14 control patients, the 19 continuous positive airway pressure-treated patients experienced a greater increase in baroreflex sensitivity [median, (25%, 75%)] [from 5.4 (2.2, 8.3) to 7.9 (4.4, 9.4) ms/mmHg; P = 0.01] and left ventricular ejection fraction (P < 0.001). In addition, daytime systolic blood pressure and heart rate decreased more in the continuous positive airway pressure group (from 122 ± 15 to 113 ± 12 mmHg; P = 0.02, and from 66 ± 8 to 62 ± 8 bpm; P < 0.001, respectively) than in the control group. Conclusion Treatment of coexisting obstructive sleep apnea by continuous positive airway pressure in heart failure patients improves baroreflex sensitivity during wakefulness in addition to improving left ventricular ejection fraction and lowering blood pressure and heart rate. These data indicate that the improved autonomic regulation of heart rate in heart failure patients treated for obstructive sleep apnea during sleep persists into wakefulness.
A conceptual framework for the study of structural configurations of organising committees for the Olympic Games. (OCOGs).

In recent years Organising Committees for the Olympic Games (OCOGs) have become increasingly interested in developing their Games specific management know-how which enables them to increase efficiency in a tight timescale. In response to calls for systematic capturing of information on structures, operational policies and plans (Elphinson, 1999) this paper proposes the use of configuration theory for the study of organisational formations of OCOGs. For the work of OCOGs to be documented and most importantly for knowledge to be meaningful to future OCOGs, researchers need to first understand OCOGs as an organisational species. The proposed approach can facilitate such thinking by allowing comparisons between data of an OCOGs structural and situational characteristics at various stages in its lifecycle and respective characteristics of a number of 'ideal type' configurations as defined by Mintzberg (1979, 1992). The proposed conceptual framework is discussed in this paper in an attempt to aid researchers in posing relevant questions, operationalising concepts and understanding the boundary conditions of the related research paradigm.
The Fate of Breast Implants: A CriticalAnalysis of Complications and Outcomes

Complications and outcomes were monitored following the implantation of 1655 breast implants over a 15-year period. Smooth, polyurethane, and textured implants were used in a variety of clinical settings. The time course of capsular contracture was analyzed by the Kaplan-Meier method. Regardless of implant type or indication for surgery, the probability of contracture increased with time. Polyurethane-covered implants were associated with a significant reduction in the risk of contracture for at least 7 years following implantation. Smooth and textured silicone implants had contracture rates similar to each other, and the particular type of surface texturing (Biocel versus Siltex) was of no consequence. Contracture was more common following breast reconstruction and implant replacement than after augmentation mammaplasty and was not affected by filler material or implant size. Implant position did not alter the risk of contracture after augmentation; tissue expansion did not affect the risk of contracture after breast reconstruction. Infections were unusual but most common after reconstruction and unrelated to surface texture or filler material. Skin wrinkling was more frequent with saline implants and in the presence of surface texturing. Implant rupture was rare, with an incidence of 1 per 760 implant-years. Implant-associated connective-tissue disease was noted in only one individual, an incidence of 1 per 3801 implant-years.
Factores explicativos del rendimiento escolar en Latinoamérica con datos PISA 2009 || Factors Explaining School Performance in Latin America with PISA 2009 Data

Este trabajo ha tenido como objetivo principal determinar el efecto pais, tipo de centro (su titularidad, publica o privada) y sus recursos sobre los resultados educativos de los alumnos del sistema de ensenanza latinoamericano del programa PISA 2009. Los resultados obtenidos aplicando un analisis multinivel revelan que las diferencias de rendimiento academico a favor de los centros privados son explicadas por la titularidad del centro dando respaldo empirico a favor de la hipotesis Coleman-Hoffer. Las caracteristicas del entorno familiar del alumno y de los recursos de la escuela tambieen tienen un fuerte poder explicativo. En relacion a las primeras, los alumnos nativos en familias nucleares y con mayor nivel socioeconomico y recursos en el hogar obtienen mayores rendimientos que el resto de categorias. Este hecho es especialmente significativo a la hora de senalar algunos aspectos que el sistema educativo deberia tener en cuenta a la hora de garantizar la igualdad de oportunidades educativas. En relacion a las segundas, el tamano de la escuela, el clima en el aula y los recursos disponibles en los centros tienen una fuerte influencia en el rendimiento academico. || This work has as main objective to determine the effect country, type of institution (its ownership, public or private) and their resources on educational outcomes for students of Latin-American education system from PISA 2009. The results obtained by applying a multilevel analysis reveal that differences in academic performance in favor of private schools are explained by the type of school providing empirical support for the hypothesis Coleman-Hoffer. The environment features student and school resources also have strong explanatory power. Regarding the former, native students in nuclear families with higher socioeconomic status and household resources get higher yields than other categories. This is especially significant in pointing out some aspects that the education system should take into account when ensuring equal educational opportunities. Regarding the latter, the size of the school, the classroom environment and the resources available in the centers have a strong influence on academic performance.