Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The Acoustic Startle Response and Disruption of Aiming: I. Effect of Stimulus Repetition, Intensity, and Intensity Changes

Three experiments examined the disruption of perceptual motor performance by intense noise bursts. Subjects aimed a rifle at a fixed target for 15-s periods separated by 15 s of rest. This cycle was repeated 30 times in each of two series separated by a 15-min rest, each series containing five noise bursts. The noise bursts disrupted aiming for 1—2 s, an effect that increased with sound pressure level for 110, 120, and 130 dB stimuli. There was no difference between stimuli with energy centered on 250 Hz as opposed to 800 Hz. The effect diminished over the five bursts within the first series (but not to zero) and did not recover in the 15-min rest period. Some subjects received three days of testing; in these cases the effect of the noise bursts partially recovered after rest intervals of 24 hrs and then seven days. Other subjects received 15 trials with 110-dB stimuli, then five more trials with 130-dB stimuli. The disruption of aiming by 130 dB stimuli was not reduced by prior exposure to 110-dB stimuli.
Extending summation-frame communication systems for high performance and complex automation applications

Summation frame communication technologies, as represented by protocols like EtherCAT and Interbus-S, have proven useful for relatively simple applications but are easily stretched to limits by more complex applications especially those requiring quality time-synchronization and/or uncomplicated use of non-real time communication. This paper examines an extension of Ethernet based summation-frame type technology taking EtherCAT as an example. We implement this extension on an industrial Real-Time-Ethernet communication core and provide performance data. We conclude that with appropriate master and Layer-2 slave implementations, EtherCAT communication can support unmodified non-real-time traffic.
Synergistic Promotion of c-Src Activation and Cell Migration by Cas and AND-34/BCAR3*

The adapter molecule p130Cas (Cas) plays a role in cellular processes such as proliferation, survival, cell adhesion, and migration. The ability of Cas to promote migration has been shown to be dependent upon its carboxyl terminus, which contains a bipartite binding site for the protein tyrosine kinase c-Src (Src). The association between Src and Cas enhances Src kinase activity, and like Cas, Src plays an important role in cell proliferation and migration. In this study, we show that Src and Cas function cooperatively to promote cell migration in a manner that depends upon kinase-active Src. Another carboxyl-terminal binding partner of Cas, AND-34/BCAR3 (AND-34), functions synergistically with Cas to enhance Src activation and cell migration. The carboxyl-terminal guanine nucleotide exchange factor domain of AND-34, as well as the activity of its putative target Rap1, contribute to these events. A mechanism through which AND-34 may regulate Cas-dependent cell migration is suggested by the finding that Cas becomes redistributed from focal adhesions to lamellipodia located at the leading edge of AND-34 overexpressing cells. These data thus provide insight into how Cas and AND-34 may function together to stimulate Src signaling pathways and promote cell migration.
Risk of cervical cancer associated with Chlamydia trachomatis antibodies by histology, HPV type and HPV cofactors

Human papillomavirus (HPV) is the central etiologic factor for cervical cancer, and prior studies suggested C. trachomatis may act as an HPV cofactor. We examined the C. trachomatis‐cervical cancer association by serotype, histology, HPV type in the tumor, and other HPV cofactors. We conducted a population‐based study in the Seattle‐Puget Sound area of 302 women with invasive squamous cell carcinomas (SCC), 185 women with adenocarcinomas of the cervix (AC), and 318 HPV seropositive control women. The risk of SCC associated with antibodies to C. trachomatis was increased (OR 1.6, 95% CI 1.1–2.2) but not for AC (OR 1.0, 95% CI 0.6–1.5). This association was independent of HPV type in the SCC tumor tissue. There was an association between specific serotypes of C. trachomatis and SCC for 6 of the 10 serotypes: B (OR 3.6, 95% CI 1.5–8.4), D (OR 2.1, 95% CI, 1.2–3.5), E (OR 2.4, 95% CI, 1.4–3.9), G (OR 3.0, 95% CI, 1.1–7.9), I (OR 4.2, 95% CI, 1.5–11.7), and J (OR 2.3, 95% CI, 1.0–5.1), but not for the 4 types (C, F, H, and K) that were present at very low prevalence in this population. There was an increased risk of SCC, but not AC, associated with antibodies to C. trachomatis that was not serotype specific. © 2006 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Origins, Homelands and Migrations: Situating the Kura-Araxes Early Transcaucasian 'Culture' within the History of Bronze Age Eurasia

Abstract This paper summarizes current understanding of the emergence, nature and subsequent southwestern and southeastern spread of the Early Transcaucasian (ETC) or Kura-Araxes 'culture-historical community' (Russian: obshchnost') and then places this complex cultural phenomenon in the context of the larger Early Bronze Age world of the Ancient Near East and the western Eurasian steppes.
Using species-specific PCR technique to detect toxoplasma gondii in broiler chickens.

Two groups of broiler chickens were used in this study. One was reared under typical conditions at the animal house of Veterinary Medicine College/Mosul University- Iraq, while the other group was reared under common commercial farm conditions. Fifty and 80 birds from the two respective groups were sacrificed at 49 days of age for detecting Toxoplasma gondii by using Species-specific PCR technique. Results of Latex agglutination test indicated, principally, that 29.3% and 49.2% of the serum samples were positive for the birds of both groups, respectively. Titer figures ranged between 1:20 to 1:320 where the highest value was 1:160 (39.3%) and the lowest was 1:20 (5.8%). Confirmation of 38 and 64 serum samples, using Latex agglutination test was performed by PCR technique, from the two respective groups of chickens. Of those, 8 samples from the college birds and 35 from the commercial farm birds were confirmed positive by giving band of 133 bp, according to specific primers designated on gene B1.Based on these results, pursuing the PCR technique is considered, so far, a most sensitive method for Toxoplasma gondii detection. Also, positive PCR results are counted on as an early marker for reactivation and useful means in monitoring therapies.
Nonlinear boundary tracking control for mobile robot

In this paper, we consider the environmental boundary tracking problem where the objective is to steering a nonholo-nomic mobile robot to track the desired environmental boundary. Based on kinematic model of the mobile robot, we design a kinematic control law for the robot to track the desired boundary. Kinematic control law needs perfect velocity tracking, which doesn't always hold for mobile robot. So, dynamic control law is designed for the nonholonomic mobile robot to track a designated reference velocity, so as to track the desired environmental boundary. The stability of the designed control laws is verified by Lyapunov theory and Barbalat's Lemma and illustrated by simulation results.
Effects of emulsified vitamins on broiler performance.

2 Abstract: Three hundred day-old Ross strain chicks with average live weight of 59 g were used to measure the effects of multivitamins emulsion on broiler chick's performance. The chicks randomly assigned into 12 replicates and each replicate consists of 25 chicks with equal number of males and females. Three dietary treatments were prepared. Birds equally divided into 3 groups (C, T1 and T2). Each group had 100 birds (50 males and 50 females) in four replicates (pens) and assigned to one of three dietary treatments in a completely randomized block design experiment. The control group (C) given only the prescribed feeds. Whereas, two test groups (T1 and T2) offered two multivitamins emulsion "V1" and "V2" through drinking water, respectively. The multivitamins offered in days 1 and 2 (first 48 hours) and following each vaccination, for a period of another 48 hours. Feed and water provided ad libitum. The results showed that the V1 multivitamin (P<0.05) increased weight gain significantly during starter, grower and finisher periods and significantly (P<0.05), affected feed intake during finishing period, but did not have significant effect on feed intake during starter and grower periods. From stand statistical point of statistically view, there were no significant differences in feed conversion ratios during grower and finisher periods between all groups. However, during whole production period, feed conversion ratio for birds that received V1 was significantly (P<0.05) better than birds received V2. The results of this experiment showed that proper ratios of the fat-soluble vitamins and the combination of the four (A, D, E and C), as a vitamin emulsion positively affect broiler chick's performance.
Impact of cancer-related fatigue on the lives of patients: new findings from the Fatigue Coalition.

PURPOSE This survey was designed to confirm the prevalence and duration of fatigue in the cancer population and to assess its physical, mental, social, and economic impacts on the lives of patients and caregivers. Patients and Methods. A 25-minute telephone interview was completed with 379 cancer patients having a prior history of chemotherapy. Patients were recruited from a sample of 6, 125 households in the United States identified as having a member with cancer. The median patient age was 62 years, and 79% of respondents were women. Patients reporting fatigue at least a few times a month were asked a series of questions to better describe their fatigue and its impact on quality of life. RESULTS Seventy-six percent of patients experienced fatigue at least a few days each month during their most recent chemotherapy; 30% experienced fatigue on a daily basis. Ninety-one percent of those who experienced fatigue reported that it prevented a "normal" life, and 88% indicated that fatigue caused an alteration in their daily routine. Fatigue made it more difficult to participate in social activities and perform typical cognitive tasks. Of the 177 patients who were employed, 75% changed their employment status as a result of fatigue. Furthermore, 65% of patients indicated that their fatigue resulted in their caregivers taking at least one day (mean, 4.5 days) off work in a typical month. Physicians were the health care professionals most commonly consulted (79%) to discuss fatigue. Bed rest/ relaxation was the most common treatment recommendation (37%); 40% of patients were not offered any recommendations. CONCLUSIONS Cancer-related fatigue is common among cancer patients who have received chemotherapy and results in substantial adverse physical, psychosocial, and economic consequences for both patients and caregivers. Given the impact of fatigue, treatment options should be routinely considered in the care of patients with cancer.
Shaping of Geometry of 3D Human Head Model

This paper deals with shaping of the geometry of 3D human head model by the texture model of human faces (TMHF) combined with an algorithm for deforming of the wireframe 3D model Candide. TMHF is represented by the set of eigenfaces, which are obtained by means of the principal component analysis of the training set of completely preprocessed textures of human faces. The algorithm for deforming of 3D model Candide needs its reasonable starting approximation and an update matrix calculated from the training set by manual perturbation of 3D adapted model for single components of the parameter vector. Two approaches of shaping of the geometry of 3D human head model will be presented, by means of which chosen shape units of Candide will be deformed to the human faces inside or outside of the training set.
Measuring the efficiency of investment banks in Malaysia: An application of data envelopment analysis (DEA) approach

The efficiency of the banking system has been one of the major issues in the new monetary and financial environment whereby they are not easily being measured, since their products and services are of an intangible nature. This research investigated on the capability of a unit in utilizing input to maximize the output in measuring the efficiency of Malaysian Investment banking operations for the financial year ended 2006, 2007 and 2008. Emphasis was placed on two questions: are the investment banks in Malaysia efficient and productive and which investment banks can serve as the efficiency reference set? The data are obtained from the income statements and end-of-year balance sheets of the selected nine (9) investment banks in Malaysia. The study uses a non-parametric method called data envelopment analysis (DEA) to obtain the relative efficiency of each bank. The results revealed: (1) Only 33.33% of the selected investment banks met the efficiency and productivity level and served as the efficiency reference set for the relatively inefficiency stations for potential improvement, (2) other remaining 66.67% investment banks showed a dynamic efficiency and productivity caused by the economic cycle that occurred throughout the last 3 years.
Leaky Gut Syndrome

The chances of being diagnosed with Leaky Gut Syndrome are pretty remote. It does not even occur to many doctors to check for the condition. A further complication is that gut distress often manifests as disease in other parts of the body. Leaky Gut Syndrome is one of the most misunderstood concepts in modern medicine. This condition is associated with an abnormal increase in the permeability of the small intestine. Increased permeability of the small intestine is associated with a wide variety of conditions including infl ammatory and infectious bowel diseases such as Crohn’s and celiac, arthritis, skin conditions such as acne, hives, eczema, and psoriasis, liver disease, pancreatic disease, chronic fatigue syndrome, depression, and food allergy. Intestinal permeability testing is available through Direct Laboratory Services (www.directlabs.com). The small intestine is the body’s largest organ and is responsible for accomplishing the breakdown of foods and absorbing the nutrients into the body. Two-thirds of the body’s immune system can be found in the small intestine. This is how the body provides protection from the accidental ingestion of toxins or pathogens that could make us ill. Leaky gut syndrome is a condition in which the permeability of the small intestine is altered. Undigested foods and toxins produced by bacteria are absorbed into the body activating the immune system and creating a wide variety of problems.
Long-Term Effects of Resistance Exercise Training on Cognition and Brain Volume in Older Women: Results from a Randomized Controlled Trial

Abstract Aerobic exercise training has been shown to attenuate cognitive decline and reduce brain atrophy with advancing age. The extent to which resistance exercise training improves cognition and prevents brain atrophy is less known, and few studies include long-term follow-up cognitive and neuroimaging assessments. We report data from a randomized controlled trial of 155 older women, who engaged in 52 weeks of resistance training (either once- or twice-weekly) or balance-and-toning (twice-weekly). Executive functioning and memory were assessed at baseline, 1-year follow-up (i.e., immediately post-intervention), and 2-year follow-up. A subset underwent structural magnetic resonance imaging scans at those time points. At 2-year follow-up, both frequencies of resistance training promoted executive function compared to balance-and-toning (standardized difference [d]=.31–.48). Additionally, twice-weekly resistance training promoted memory (d=.45), reduced cortical white matter atrophy (d=.45), and increased peak muscle power (d=.27) at 2-year follow-up relative to balance-and-toning. These effects were independent of one another. These findings suggest resistance training may have a long-term impact on cognition and white matter volume in older women. (JINS, 2015, 21, 745–756)
Protective Effect of CRHR 1 Gene Variants on the Development of Adult Depression Following Childhood Maltreatment Replication and Extension

M AJOR DEPRESSION IS ONE of the most common and disabling medical disorders and is associated with excess of morbidity, mortality, and costs to society. Research documents the contribution of both genetic and environmental risk factors, particularly maltreatment occurring early in life, to the development of depression. Molecular genetic studies have evaluated the association between a wide range of candidate polymorphisms in different genes and major depressive disorder (MDD). Although positive associations have been detected, replications are scarce. One possible reason for the lack of consistency across genetic association studies of depression is that these studies focus on genetic main effects on disease rather than on genetic effects on vulnerability to environmental causes of disease. Early-life stress has been substantially associated with neurobiological modifications and increased risk of depression. However, there are substantial differences in the way that individuals respond to the same stressful event, and such response variability may be under genetic influence. Several studies have reported that specific polymorphisms exert genetic control of sensitivity to stressful experiences in early life, and it is likely that there are more polymorphisms involved. The concept that genes may moderate the causal effect of environmental stressors on depression has direct implications for the selection of candidate genes for the disorder. Genes associated with the physiological response to environmental stressors, particularly in the hypothalamicpituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis, would be Author Affiliations: Departments of Psychology and Neuroscience and Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences and Institute for Genome Sciences and Policy, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina (Drs Polanczyk, Caspi, Sugden, and Moffitt and Mr Williams); Social, Genetic, and Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, King’s College London, London, England (Drs Polanczyk, Caspi, Price, Danese, Sugden, Uher, and Moffitt and Mr Williams); Hospital de Clinicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Brazil (Dr Polanczyk); and Dunedin Multidisciplinary Health and Development Research Unit, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand (Dr Poulton).
Organization of two invariant surface glycoproteins in the surface coat of Trypanosoma brucei

The surface coat of Trypanosoma brucei, formed by about 10(7) molecules of the membrane-form variant surface glycoprotein (mfVSG) per cell, is generally considered to constitute a barrier against the access of antibodies directed to invariant surface proteins. The recent characterization of two invariant surface glycoproteins (ISGs) with apparent molecular masses of 65 and 75 kDa (ISG65 and ISG75; 70,000 and 50,000 molecules per cell, respectively), which are both predicted to be composed of large extracellular domains, single transmembrane alpha-helices, and small intracellular domains, enabled a critical test of this hypothesis. Although ISG65 is distributed over the entire surface of the parasites, it is not accessible to antibodies or to the proteinase trypsin in live cells provided the mfVSG is also proteinase resistant. ISG75 is similarly distributed; its accessibility to antibodies depends on the expressed mfVSG, and it is sensitive to trypsin in a variant clone in which the mfVSG is proteinase resistant. Vaccination experiments using recombinant proteins to a mixture of the native ISGs were unsuccessful. ISG65 but not ISG75 elicited an antibody response in chronically infected mice. The results strengthen the view of the protective properties of the variant surface glycoprotein coat by steric hindrance and suggest that additional factors such as low abundance or low immunogenicity of invariant surface proteins may prevent a control of the disease by the humoral immune response.
Coronary angiography and outcome following acute myocardial infarction.

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Analyzing Vocabulary Intersections of Expert Annotations and Topic Models for Data Practices in Privacy Policies

Privacy policies are commonly used to inform users about the data collection and use practices of websites, mobile apps, and other products and services. However, the average Internet user struggles to understand the contents of these documents and generally does not read them. Natural language and machine learning techniques offer the promise of automatically extracting relevant statements from privacy policies to help generate succinct summaries, but current techniques require large amounts of annotated data. The highest quality annotations require law experts, but their efforts do not scale efﬁciently. In this paper, we present results on bridging the gap between privacy practice categories deﬁned by law experts with topics learned from Non-negative Matrix Factorization (NMF). To do this, we investigate the intersections between vocabulary sets identiﬁed as most signiﬁcant for each category, using a logistic regression model, and vocabulary sets identiﬁed by topic modeling. The intersections exhibit strong matches between some categories and topics, although other categories have weaker afﬁnities with topics. Our results show a path forward for applying unsupervised methods to the determination of data practice categories in privacy policy text.