Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Bionomics of the sweet potato weevil, Cylas puncticollis (Coleoptera: Brentidae) on four different sweet potato varieties in sub-Saharan Africa

Sweet potato ( Ipomoea batatas (L.) Lam. ) is an important staple food crop in sub-Saharan Africa. A limiting production factor is infestation by the sweet potato weevil Cylas puncticollis (Boheman) (Coleoptera: Brentidae). The use of host plant resistance is an essential component of Integrated Pest Management (IPM). Therefore, the bionomic parameters of C. puncticollis were studied under laboratory conditions (30 ± 1 °C and 75 ± 5 % RH) on four sweet potato varieties commonly grown in Ghana (Apumoden, Ligri, Bohye, and Okumkom) to determine their susceptibility to the pest. There were significant varietal differences between some of the parameters. Egg to adult development time was highest on Okumkom while larval survival, emergence rate, intrinsic rate of increase, and the net reproductive rate were lowest on Bohye. The results of this study indicate that Bohye was the least susceptible variety compared to the other varieties tested and can be used in host plant resistance as part of an IPM programme against C. puncticollis in Ghana.
Interprocedural and Intraprocedural Alias Analysis Algorithms

The quantity and significance of web application increases quickly. Meanwhile, the influence of vulnerabilities in web application grows as well. Automated tools are urgently needed because manual code reviews are inefficient and fallible. However, previous static code detection tools lack of alias analysis between variables in codes, leading to possible false positives or false negatives. To solve this problem, we propose a set of sound and precise alias analysis algorithms which can conduct intraprocedural and interprocedural alias analysis. Then we apply them to a previous static detection system. Experiments on practical open source web applications and manually written test cases show that system with alias analysis can handle complex alias relationship accurately and detect vulnerabilities related to alias with greater precision. Moreover, alias analysis's impact on scanning speed of the system is negligible.
From ocean to aquarium: the global trade in marine ornamental species

UNEP-WCMC Biodiversity Series No. 17. With the total value of the marine ornamental trade amounting to as much as US$330 million a year and an estimated 2 million people worldwide keeping marine aquaria, the industry plays a significant role in both source and destination countries. Tropical coral reefs are the most important source of specimens for the aquarium trade - mainly fish, including seahorses, the corals themselves, and others such as anemones, starfish and giant clams. Almost all marine aquarium species are taken from the wild, with few examples of captive breeding. From Ocean to Aquarium presents a brief overview of how the trade functions and the impacts it has on coral reefs, as well as on the human communities that derive an income from trading in marine ornamental species. From Ocean to Aquarium is the product of a collaboration between UNEP-WCMC, the Marine Aquarium Council (MAC) and the industry itself. It is the first of its kind, examining issues surrounding the trade of live coral, fish and invertebrates for the marine aquarium trade, and presenting a comprehensive and independent synthesis of related information.
Studying the Degree of Creativity of Preschool Children Drawings.

Our purpose is to offer children tasks so they can make drawings as diverse and different from each other whilst trying to avoid imitation. Achieving this goal involves the increase of children's creativity. The paper is theoretically based on the consideration of creativity as the ability to create something new, original, and in accordance with reality (Mihaela Roco, 2004; H. Jaoui, 1975; Al. Rosca, 1981; Margaret A. Boden, 1992). The study focuses on expressive creativity, characterized by spontaneity and unconditioned freedom of expression, skills, all highlighted by the children's drawings. The research hypothesis is that: If students are given new information on various opportunities for diversification of a model, they will create more original drawings. The independent variable is the task preschoolers are given to resolve. The dependent variable is represented by the results of preschool children. The research was conducted at high preparatory group. The test included specific contents of several areas, such as: mathematics, decorative drawing, and practical skills. Children were involved in four experimental situations for comparative purposes, so as to assess the progress registered from one activity to another. By analyzing the results obtained from the four tests, we note that all the children progressed. They accomplished original compositions, different from each other and from those of their colleagues, yet keeping certain common features. All children have the entire range of skills with which a person can produce new and original products, so their creativity is developed to a certain level; the experimental group includes more children who proved a certain level of performance in one or more tests, so there is no single child holding maximum creative potential; hence, each child has some "patterns" or models that he/she reproduces in many of his/her drawings, nevertheless accomplishing his/her original drawings; having the fact that, each child achieved both successful and less successful designs, we cannot establish an individual steady progress; the performance of the experimental group can be correlated with the number and quality of representations that they obtained during activities in kindergarten and elsewhere. In conclusion, at the end of the research we note that, if preschoolers are given new information regarding their opportunities to diversify a model, they will create more original drawings. The research is original because it proposes new experimental tests and evaluation grids.
Innovation, demand and structural change in Europe

The model and the empirical test developed in this paper address the determinants of structural change for six major European economies from 1995 to 2007. The performances of sectors are explained by the unfolding of uneven technological opportunities and different conditions of demand. Building on the literature on structural change and on previous studies on the link between sectoral patterns of innovation and economic performance of sectors, a set of tests is developed on a panel of 21 manufacturing sectors and 17 services, merging three different sources of data. The results show the importance of breaking up the innovative efforts of sectors and the role of demand in shaping their trajectories of development.
Living fluids / Fluides vivants Blood flow and arterial endothelial dysfunction : Mechanisms and implications

Mots-clés : Cellules endothéliales Athérosclérose Mécanotransduction Cytosquelettte Écoulement sanguin Mécanosenseurs The arterial endothelium exquisitely regulates vascular function, and endothelial dysfunction plays a critical role in the development of atherosclerosis. Atherosclerotic lesions develop preferentially at arterial branches and bifurcations where the blood flow is disturbed. Understanding the basis for this observation requires elucidating the effects of blood flow on the endothelial cell (EC) function. The goal of this review is: (1) to describe our current understanding of the relationships between arterial blood flow and atherosclerosis, (2) to present the wide array of flow-induced biological responses in ECs, and (3) to discuss the mechanisms by which ECs sense, transmit, and transduce flowderived mechanical forces. We conclude by presenting some future perspectives in the highly interdisciplinary field of EC mechanotransduction. © 2013 Académie des sciences. Published by Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved.
The Domestication and Migration of Zea mays L. in Association with Holocene Climatic Variance

I TABLE OF CONTENTS . II LIST OF FIGURES . IV ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS . V CHAPTER I: INTRODUCTION . 1 PROBLEM STATEMENT . 1 LITERATURE REVIEW . 2 ORIGINS OF MAIZE . 3 Teosinte Hypothesis . 4 Tripartite and Tripsacum-diploperennis Hypotheses . 5 RANGE OF HABITATION . 6 PROCESS OF DOMESTICATION . 7 CENTERS OF DOMESTICATION . 8 Mesoamerica . 9 Southwestern North America . 11 Ohio Valley . 11 CLIMATE . 12 Younger Dryas . 14 6000-5000 BP Interval, and 5.1ka Aridization . 14 Medieval Climate Anomaly . 15 Little Ice Age . 15 A NOTE ON DATES . 16 CHAPTER II: THEORY . 18 COEVOLUTION . 19 SYSTEMS THEORY . 20 RESILIENCE THEORY . 22 AGENCY THEORY . 24 MODEL . 24 CHAPTER III: METHODS . 33 CHAPTER IV: DATA . 35 GENETIC FOUNDATIONS FOR MAIZE ADAPTABILITY . 37 Beadle’s Hypothesis for the Domestication of Maize . 37 Domestication in an Early Holocene Context . 39 Genetic Diversity Post-Domestication . 40 TEHUACÁN VALLEY . 41 AMERICAN SOUTHWEST . 45 OHIO VALLEY . 52 CHAPTER V: ANALYSIS . 56 GENETIC AND CLIMATE FACTORS IN THE EMERGENCE OF MAIZE . 58 TEHUACÁN VALLEY . 59 AMERICAN SOUTHWEST . 60 OHIO VALLEY . 62 CHAPTER VI: CONCLUSION . 65
Negative Resistance Region 10 nm Gate Length on FINFET

In this paper the physical characteristics of FINFET (fin-field effect transistor) transistor behavior are investigated. For the analysis, semi-classical electron transfer method was used based on drift diffusion approximation by TCAD (Tiber CAD) software. Simulations show that the output resistance of FINFET along very small gate (gate length and fin height of 50 nm) is negative. The negative resistance is used in oscillators.
Phytochemicals and nutritional characteristics of ethanol extract of the leaf and bark of Njangsa ( Ricinodendron Heudelotii ) plant

The phytochemical, proximate and mineral content of leaf and bark of Njangsa (Ricinodendron Heudelotii ) plant were analysed, using standard procedures described by Harbone, 1973, Sofowora, 1993; Trease and Evans, 1989 and Association of Official Analytical Chemist (AOAC) Official method, 1990; 1984 respectively. The preliminary phytochemical screening revealed the presence of tannins, steroids, terpernoids, alkaloids, flavonoids, cardiac glycosides, reducing sugars and saponins found only for the plant bark. The result of proximate analysis showed that the leaf and bark of the extract contain respectively: moisture content (25.80% and 10%), protein (17.47% and 3.73%), crude fat(1.80% and 2.00%) ash (11.00% and 10.95%), crude fibre (41.00% and 20.50%) carbohydrate (2.93% and 52.82%). The mineral analysis of the plant leaf and bark respectively yielded calcium – 2640.00 mg/kg and 1772 mg/kg, magnesium – 2383 mg/kg and 1605 mg/kg, iron – 25.00 mg/kg and 6.6 mg/kg, zinc – 29.30 mg/kg and 4.4 mg/kg, copper – 14.60 mg/kg and 6 mg/kg and phosphorus – 1012 mg/kg and 305 mg/kg. Manganese was absent in the bark but yielded 1.1 mg/kg in the leaf. Sodium and potassium were found to be absent in the leaf and bark. The presence of some phytochemicals (flavonoids, cardiac glycosides, reducing sugar, tannins and terpernoids) and some essential minerals suggest that it is a potential source of medicine and food. Keywords: Phytochemical, Nutritional Characteristics, Proximate, Mineral, Medicinal, Analysis
Effect of catanospermine, 1-deoxynojirimycin or 1-deoxymannojirimycin on biological and functional activities of Japanese encephalitis virus in porcine stable kidney cells

In the present study, effect of catanospermine (CST), 1-deoxynojirimycin (DNJ) or 1-deoxymannojirimycin (DMJ) was studied on porcine stable kidney (PS) cells infected with Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV). As both CST and DNJ are potent inhibitors of ER alpha-glucosidases 1 and II, while DMJ is an inhibitor of Golgi mannosidase which removes alpha (1, 2) Man residues from the N-glycan precursor. Treatment of infected cells with CST (200 uM/mL), DNJ (100 uM/mL) or DMJ (200 uM/mL) did not produce much effect on viral gpE epitope presentation within the cells as well as on the cell surface as detected in the immunofluorescence employing monoclonal (MAbs) and polyclonal (PAbs) antibodies. As well the treated (infected) cells showed only a marginal decrease in infectious virus yield along with a slight decrease in haemagglutination activity of the virus that was recorded in comparison to the untreated infected (control) cells and the cells infected with Dengue virus. Immuno-blotting of the separated proteins from infected lysed cells and probed with anti-gpE MAbs also revealed a band corresponding to JEV gpE (MW 53kDa) both with inhibitor treated and the untreated cells; the reactivity with the former however, was somewhat less intense and prominent in comparison to latter (control untreated) indicating some effect on JEV. The present results indicate that these inhibitors by in large, do not affect maturation and the release of infective JE virions in PS cells.
Phase vocoder and beyond

For a broad range of sound transformations, quality is measured according to the common expectation about the result: if a male’s voice has to be changed in a female’s one, there exists a common reference for the perceptive evaluation of the result; the same holds if an instrumental sound has to be made longer, or shorter. Following the argument in Robel, “Between Physics and Perception: Signal Models for High Level Audio Processing”, a fundamental requirement for these transformation algorithms is their need of signal models that are strongly linked to perceptually relevant physical properties of the sound source. This paper is a short survey about the phase vocoder technique, together with its extensions and improvements relying on appropriate sound models, which have led to high level audio processing algorithms.
APHANOMYCOSIS IN AFRICAN CATFISH

Aphanomycosis was reported in about 8% of the examined Clarias gariepinus. The disease was recorded during spring and autumn. Aphanomyces fungus was found as sparsely branched-thin-long non septated hyphae in squash preparation from autolysed infected tissues. The organism was isolated on glucose peptone yeast broth using 5 steps culture technique with some modifications as addition of metalexyle, amphotricin B and fluconazol (antimycotics). Culture characters on glucose peptone yeast broth and agar were studied. On sporulating media, sporangia were formed at the hyphal tips where spores encysted in clusters from which secondary zoospores released. Biochemical identification of the isolated fungus was recorded. Clinical signs and lesions on naturally and experimentally infected fish were also described. Histopathological examinations revealed presence of severe inflammatory reaction with heavy inflammatory cellular infiltration and multiple granulomas formed from aggregation of inflammatory cells mainly epitheliod cells. Muscle degeneration and necrosis were observed. Numerous multinucleated gaint cells were found and some of them showing fragmented fungal parts within their cytoplasm. Moreover, PAS positive spores and fungal hyphae were
Dynamos driven by Helical Waves: scaling laws for numerical dynamos and for the planets

We derive scaling relationships for planetary dynamos based on a balance between energy production and Joule dissipation, and between the curl of the buoyancy and Coriolis forces. These scaling relationships are deduced for the particular case of dynamos driven by helical waves, but are shown to have a much broader applicability. They are consistent with the evidence of the numerical dynamos, yielding predictions consistent with published empirical scaling laws and also with the observed transition from dipolar to multipolar dynamos. A direct comparison with the observational evidence for the planets is hampered by the fact that we do not know what sets the smallest scale of the motion in the planets. Nevertheless, we use our scaling relationships to show that the traditional assumption that the Elsasser number is of order unity is inconsistent with the observation that the gas-giant dynamos are dipolar dynamos, as is the more recent suggestion that the strength of the dipole is independent of rotation rate and controlled by the buoyancy flux alone. On the other hand, we show that the observational data is consistent with the hypothesis that a dipolar dynamo saturates at the lowest permissible magnetic energy compatible with a given buoyancy flux.
LOCAL SALES TAX OPTIONS : A CASE STUDY OF SOUTH GEORGIA

This study examines the impact of sales tax differentials on taxable sales in rural south Georgia during 1980-89, using a cell-mean corrected regression model. Results indicate that sales tax rate differentials have a significant effect on urban counties' taxable sales. The level of impact on taxable sales, as measured by its elasticity coefficient, is influenced by the shopping characteristics of the area. A greater number of service and retail establishments tends to lessen the impact of a tax differential as search costs are reduced; nearby shopping alternatives increase the effect as travel costs are reduced. The impact of creating a sales tax differential appears to depend on the shopping attributes of the region relative to its competing areas. In a rural environment where shopping patterns are established and consumers lack convenient shopping alternatives, regional shopping centers have the potential to shift or export part of their tax burden without causing significant loss to their retail trading base.
A Review of Factors Influencing Whole-Body Vibration Injuries in Forestry Mobile Machine Operators

Abstract Mobile machine operators in the forestry industry are subjected to long hours of whole-body vibration exposure while adopting static seated postures and performing repeated hand and foot movements to operate controls. These conditions have been found to put operators at increased risk for musculoskeletal injuries and pain in the neck, shoulders, and back, as well as decreased productivity. This paper provides a review of the individual risk factors for these musculoskeletal problems and explores the possible interactions between risk factors and their effects on injury and productivity. Gaps in the literature and directions for future research are identified and discussed.
Effects of Time-Varying Basic-State Flow by Cloud Momentum Flux on Multicell-Type Storms

Effects of time-varying basic-state flow by the cloud momentum flux on multicell-type convective system are investigated using a two-dimensional cloud model. Two numerical experiments are performed, the control simulation with constant basic-state wind and the variable simulation with time-varying basic-state wind. The amount of change in the basic-state wind in the variable simulation is calculated by the vertical convergence of the momentum flux induced by clouds. It is shown that the change in the basic-state wind by the cloud momentum flux is as large as 10 m s -1 /hr. Especially, the cloud momentum flux in the troposphere increases positive shear in the lower troposphere and produces negative shear in the mid-troposphere and positive shear in the upper troposphere. This results in a significant structural change of the mesoscale convective system. The control simulation exhibits typical characteristics of multicell-type convective storms, that is, a new convective cell is periodically produced behind the gust front updraft. However, in the variable simulation, convection is concentrated in the gust front updraft region and the periodic regeneration of convective cell behind the gust front updraft disappears. This is because very weak storm-relative mid-level inflow prevents a separation of convective cell from the gust front updraft, which is essential for the cell regeneration in multicell-type convective storms.
SCW+: A Service Oriented Framework for Cloud Workflow Systems

Cloud workflow is a special type of cloud computing systems which mainly concentrates on workflow management. One of the major issues with cloud workflow systems is automatic multi-cloud workflow management. This paper proposes a service oriented framework for cloud workflow management which integrates heterogeneous multi-cloud platforms to provide integrated applications for users by minimizing the human intervention as far as possible. The proposed framework involves a language to define some basic entities for environments and uses these definitions to integrate applications and services in a cloud workflow. This framework has been already implemented. In addition, its main operations have been evaluated by a case study and the results show that the framework works properly as a cloud integrator, and the framework main activities are done automatically with a reasonable performance.
Effects of fermentation of narrow-leafed lupine ( L. angustifolius ) seeds on their chemical composition and physiological parameters in rats

Each year, fermented feed is gaining more interest as a diet component in monogastric animals feeding. Fermentation of lupine seeds contributes to the improvement of nutritional value increasing the availability of minerals and leads to more effective degradation of phytates, oligosaccharides and alkaloids (Jiménez-Martínez et al., 2007; Suliburska et al., 2009; Kasprowicz-Potocka et al., 2016). Narrow-leafed lupine (Lupinus angustifolius) is the most popular among lupine species cultivated in Poland because of better growth condition, lower antinutrients content and lower fibre content than ABSTRACT. The aim of the study was to determine the effects of fermentation of Lupinus angustifolius seeds with yeasts and multibacterial preparation on their chemical and microbial composition, protein digestibility and selected gut and lipid blood parameters in rats.
Survey on Mechanisms to Detect and Mitigate the Impact of Sinkhole Attack in Wireless Sensor Networks

Sinkhole attack is an active attack, launched in a Wireless Sensor Network by compromising a legitimate node or by introducing a malicious node in order to gain the traffic routed towards it before reaching the base station, by making a false advertisement in the routing information of its nearest distance to reach the base station. Due to this fake information the data packets under transmission are routed towards the malicious node through which the attacker can gain the access to the information, tamper the information or may even destroy it. Thus, this attack causes a severe threat to the normal functionality of the Wireless Sensor Network. Because of the wider range of applicability of Wireless Sensor Networks in our day-to-day life and in future the detection and mitigation of Sinkhole attack plays a vital role. In this view, a survey on the existing mechanisms to detect and mitigate the Sinkhole attack, their advantages and drawbacks is being documented by us in this paper.
A comparative study of the seed germination capabilities of Anacamptis palustris (Orchidaceae), a threatened terrestrial orchid, and other more common Anacamptis species, by asymbiotic culture in vitro

The increasing emphasis on terrestrial orchid conservation has led to conservation actions for a wide range of threatened Mediterranean species. Many terrestrial orchids are currently at great risk for extinction as a result of a multiplicity of threatening processes. We focus on orchid seed germination capabilities in vitro, specifically germination capability of a threatened species, Anacamptis palustris, compared to three other more common species (A. laxiflora, A. morio, and A. papilionacea), and also discuss its potential impact on orchid distribution and conservation. Asymbiotic germination tests were performed with mature seeds using BM-1 medium. In vitro seed germination and protocorm developmental stages were evaluated up to 20 weeks after sowing. Significant differences in seedling development were detected among the species, and a correlation was evident between the rarity of the species and their germinability. Thus, the presence of intrinsic, biological factors that affect and limit the distribution of A. palustris may exist.