Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Robust scheduling of real-time applications on efficient embedded multicore systems

Multicore processors are the next technological step in order to increase the processing power in embedded real-time systems. This work focuses on scheduling algorithms as well as examination approaches of real-time, efficiency, and robustness properties for complex task sets in these systems. For this purpose, a task set extension is proposed, which defines complex task activation patterns and the variation of non-preemptive parts of the task execution time. Furthermore, the multicore real-time scheduling algorithms Partly-Pfair-PD² and P-ERfair-PD² are proposed. For schedulability evaluation, a simulation-based examination approach is presented. Finally, a comparison approach for probabilistic task sets is proposed. The application of the contribution is shown in different case studies.
Network Address Translator (NAT)-Friendly Application Design Guidelines

This document discusses those things that application designers might wish to consider when designing new protocols. While many common Internet applications will operate cleanly in the presence of Network Address Translators, others suffer from a variety of problems when crossing these devices. Guidelines are presented herein to help ensure new protocols and applications will, to the extent possible, be compatible with NAT (Network Address Translation).
Connections between Identifying Functionals, standardizing Operations, and Computable Numberings

Functionals and operations have been studied extensively in the theory of recursive functions (cf. [13]). We want to investigate here properties of idententifying functionals and standardizing operations, mainly concerning the classes of recursive functions on which these functionals and operations do exist. Let p be any acceptable Godel numbering of all partial recursive functions and let U be any class of recursive functions. A functional F on U is called an identifying functional iff pF(/) = f for any function f E U . An operation on U defined by a function s is called a standardizing operation iff p'r(i) = f for any function f E U and any i E N such that p, = f . Identifying functionals are an important object of investigation in the theory of inductive inference (cf. [I], [3], [lo], [12]> [IS]). On the other hand, though being their correspondence among the operations, as far as we know there are only a few results concerning standardizing operations (cf. [ll]). We consider identifying recursive functionals and Standardizing effective operations as well as identifying limit recursive functionals and standardizing limit effective operations. For these types of identifying functionals we present equivalent notions of standardizing operations and vice versa. We also compare the power of the four types of functionals and operations, respectively. However, our main intention is to characterize the domains of these functionals and operations, i.e. the classes of recursive functions which can be identified or standardized at all. While t,he domains of the partial recursive functions were described by enumerations of sets of numbers, it seems quite natural to us to describe the domains of functionals and operations by numberings of sets of functions. In doing this we were interested in providing these numberings with properties such as discreteness, reducibility, equivalence, and decidability. We note that for characterizing identifiable classes of functions discreteness was introduced in [17] and reducibility was first. used in [7]. Let Pk, R ' denote the set of all partial recursive and recursive functions of k variables, respectively. We write P, R instead of PI, R'. Let p, ptZ) be any acceptable Godel numbering of P, P2, respectively. Every function y E Pz is called a numbering. P, = {h y(i, 5 ) I i E N ) denotes the class of partial recursive functions enumerated by y. Instead of t y(i, x) we write y , or y ( i , .). A numbering y is said to be reducible to a numbering y' ( y 5 y') iff there is a function c E R such that y i = y:(,, for all i EN. A numbering y is called a one-one numbering iff y, + y j for all i, j E N, i + j . A numbering y is called a U-one-one numbering, where U s R iff for any function f E U, there is exactly one number i such that y, = f . A class V s P is called enumerable iff there is a numbering y such that P, = V ; then y is said to be a nzimbering of V . V is called (U-)om-one enumerable iff there is a (U-)one-one numbering of V .
GENOCIDE IN THE SHADOW OF DEMOCRACY The Psycho-Politics of Modern Mass Murder

I denne artikel håber jeg at vise, at storpolitik (læs: folkemord) er yderst menneskelig og derfor også psykologisk. Psykologi har definitivt meget at tilføre både historieforskning og den politiske videnskab, siden historie er politik og politik ER psykologi. Psykologer må ikke være bange for de store processer. Når man blot fokuserer på det individuelle i vor globaliserede verden, risikerer man at trivialisere sig selv og sine argumenter i den samfundsmæssige debat. Hvis psykologien vil noget mere end at lindre privat lidelse inden for klinikkens lyddæmpede vægge, må den få øjnene op ikke kun for det sociale i mennesket, men også for det menneskelige i det sociale og det socialpsykologiske i samfundets systemer. Denne artikel er et eksempel på denne indgangsvinkel. Jeg udforsker den psykopolitiske sammenhæng mellem demokrati og folkemord, både gennem at skitsere de historiske og systemiske forbindelser og ved at undersøge den farlige interaktion mellem voldsregimer og deres demokratiske modparter. Det er klart, at folkemord er enorme historiske og politiske processer, men dette betyder ikke, at de ikke også er højst psykologiske begivenheder.
Fabrication of high-aspect-ratio PZT thick film structure using sol-gel technique and SU-8 photoresist

An optimized sol-gel process and an SU-8 photoresist were used to produce thick and high-aspect-ratio lead zirconate titanate (PZT) structures on platinized silicon substrates. The fabrication process involved single coating, lapping of the gel, and rapid firing. The PZT structures made with this new process were crack-free and had good crystallinity. Their XRD patterns and ferroelectric properties showed that the structures were high quality PZT. Values of relative permittivity and dielectric loss of the PZT were over 300 and 0.03, respectively. The structures had thickness of 20 /spl mu/m or higher, and had aspect ratio of over one.
Neural tube defects iN sulaimaNiyah , iraqi KurdistaN : a descriptive study of 50 cases

Background Very little is known about neural tube defects (NTDs) in Iraqi Kurdistan. This study was undertaken in Sulaymaniyah province in order to describe these defects in the area and report on the outcome of patients. Methods This descriptive study involved a case series of 50 patients admitted with NTD to the department of neurosurgery at Sulaimaniyah Teaching Hospital during 2006-2010. Results Ninety eight patients were admitted to the centre of whom 50 patients were included in the study. The estimated incidence at birth was 3.5 per 10,000, 56% of the patients were females and 44% were males with a female to male ratio of 1.27. The median age at first visit was 9 days (Interquartile range 1, 36). The maternal age ranged from 17-42 years with a mean age of 28 years (SD 6 years). Eight percent of the children had siblings with NTDs, 6% had other anomalies and 12% of their parents were relatives in blood. The majority of lesions (76%) were myelomeningocele, 14% were meningocele and 10% were myeloschisis. Only half of the patients were diagnosed during pregnancy and 30% of all patients had hydrocephalus at time of diagnosis. There was no significant association between sex and site of lesion (P=0.3) and between sex and type of the lesion (P=0.5). Conclusion Establishment of prenatal screening is essential in order to help parents to be prepared and make an informed decision about pregnancy. Antenatal care must be strengthened for all pregnant women and folic acid supplementation should be emphasized.
Cytotoxic and genotoxic potential of surface water from the Pitimbu river, northeastern/RN Brazil

In this study, the onion (Allium cepa) root test was used to evaluate the genotoxicity of the Pitimbu River (Natal city, Brazil) surface water. The water was collected at five sampling sites along the river and one sample was obtained after the treatment (flocculation, chlorination and pH correction) of the river water for human consumption. All raw river water samples increased the frequency of chromosomal abnormalities and/or micronuclei and two of the water samples produced alterations in the mitotic index of the root cells. Two of the water samples also altered root growth and two produced morphological modifications in the A. cepa roots. Water collected from a site near an industrial area was the most consistently toxic and genotoxic of the samples. Although the water chlorinated for human consumption was not genotoxic, the data indicate that surface water from the Pitimbu River contains toxic and genotoxic compounds that potentially may impact this aquatic ecosystem.
In Vitro Activity of Azithromycin against Nontyphoidal Salmonella enterica

ABSTRACT The in vitro activity of azithromycin against 1,237 nontyphoidal Salmonella enterica isolates collected from Finnish patients between 2003 and 2008 was investigated. Only 24 (1.9%) of the isolates tested and 15 (5.1%) of the 294 isolates with reduced fluoroquinolone susceptibility had azithromycin MICs of ≥32 μg/ml. These data show that azithromycin has good in vitro activity against nontyphoidal S. enterica, and thus, it may be a good candidate for clinical treatment studies of salmonellosis.
Issues in the Cross-National Assessment of Health Technology

Abstract With the growing international literature in economic evaluation and the rapid spread of new health technologies, there is a need to undertake, or at least interpret, economic evaluations on the international level. However, the ways in which cross-national differences affect the cost-effectiveness of health technologies or their evaluations have never been studied. This paper explores these issues by taking advantage of a unique situation in which the same economic evaluation of a new indication for a health technology was conducted simultaneously in four countries using an identical methodology. The study showed that if prior agreement on methods can be reached and local data applied, economic evaluations can be undertaken in a way that facilitates the extrapolation of results from country to country.
Primary cilia are required in a unique subpopulation of neural progenitors

Significance The primary cilium, an antenna-like extension on the surface of many cells, is considered essential for growth factor and morphogen reception and transduction. Here we asked, what is the function of primary cilia that projects from the apical surface of neural stem cells (NSCs) into the ventricle? Surprisingly, the removal of primary cilia from fetal and early postnatal NSCs had little effect on forebrain development. Primary cilia, however, were essential for the function of NSCs in a restricted region of a major postnatal germinal niche, the ventricular–subventricular zone. Our data are consistent with primary cilia being essential for the normal proliferation of a subset of Hedgehog-responsive postnatal progenitors. The apical domain of embryonic (radial glia) and adult (B1 cells) neural stem cells (NSCs) contains a primary cilium. This organelle has been suggested to function as an antenna for the detection of morphogens or growth factors. In particular, primary cilia are essential for Hedgehog (Hh) signaling, which plays key roles in brain development. Their unique location facing the ventricular lumen suggests that primary cilia in NSCs could play an important role in reception of signals within the cerebrospinal fluid. Surprisingly, ablation of primary cilia using conditional alleles for genes essential for intraflagellar transport [kinesin family member 3A (Kif3a) and intraflagellar transport 88 (Ift88)] and Cre drivers that are activated at early [Nestin; embryonic day 10.5 (E10.5)] and late [human glial fibrillary acidic protein (hGFAP); E13.5] stages of mouse neural development resulted in no apparent developmental defects. Neurogenesis in the ventricular–subventricular zone (V-SVZ) shortly after birth was also largely unaffected, except for a restricted ventral domain previously known to be regulated by Hh signaling. However, Kif3a and Ift88 genetic ablation also disrupts ependymal cilia, resulting in hydrocephalus by postnatal day 4. To directly study the role of B1 cells’ primary cilia without the confounding effects of hydrocephalus, we stereotaxically targeted elimination of Kif3a from a subpopulation of radial glia, which resulted in ablation of primary cilia in a subset of B1 cells. Again, this experiment resulted in decreased neurogenesis only in the ventral V-SVZ. Primary cilia ablation led to disruption of Hh signaling in this subdomain. We conclude that primary cilia are required in a specific Hh-regulated subregion of the postnatal V-SVZ.
Metabolic load of recombinant protein production: inhibition of cellular capacities for glucose uptake and respiration after induction of a heterologous gene in Escherichia coli.

The strong expression of recombinant proteins in bacteria affects the primary carbon and energy metabolism resulting in growth inhibition and acetate formation. By applying glucose pulses to fed-batch fermentations performed for production of a heterologous (alpha-glucosidase in Escherichia coli, we show that the induction of the recombinant gene strongly inhibits the maximum specific uptake capacities for glucose and the respiration capacity. The accumulation of glucose in the fermentation medium promotes the growth of plasmid-free cells. These inhibition effects are well described by including the kinetics of product formation into a recently published dynamic model (Lin et al. [2001] Biotechnol Bioeng 73:349-357). The new model also includes the population characteristics and gives a good fit to the measured data describing growth, production, substrate consumption, by-product formation, and respiration.
Relationship between antimicrobial susceptibility of clinical mastitis pathogens and treatment outcome in cows.

OBJECTIVE To determine whether there was any association between results of in vitro antimicrobial susceptibility testing of pathogens isolated from cows with mild or moderate clinical mastitis and outcome of treatment. DESIGN Observational study. ANIMALS 133 cows with mild or moderate mastitis in a single quarter. PROCEDURE Cows were treated by means of intramammary infusion of pirlimycin (50 mg) in the affected quarter once daily for 2 days; additional intramammary treatments with the same product were administered if the milk continued to appear abnormal. Duration of treatment and days until clinical cure were recorded. Bacterial isolates were tested for antimicrobial susceptibility by means of a broth micro-dilution technique. RESULTS Environmental streptococci, coliforms, and coagulase-negative Staphylococcus spp were the most commonly isolated pathogens. Duration of treatment and days until clinical cure were not significantly different for cows from which pathogens that were susceptible or resistant to pirlimycin were isolated. Bacteriologic cure rates 14 and 21 days after treatment were not significantly different for cows with mastitis caused by susceptible or resistant bacteria. Similar results were found when data only from cows with mastitis caused by gram-positive isolates were analyzed. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE In the present study, differences in clinical outcome for cows with mild or moderate mastitis that could be attributed to differences in results of in vitro susceptibility testing were not identified. The use of in vitro susceptibility testing to guide intramammary mastitis treatment cannot be recommended on the basis of results of this study.
Resource Allocation Utilizing Enthalpy Based Krill Herd Optimization Algorithm in Cloud Computing

Cloud computing has been a sort of Internet-related computing which proffers distributed computer processing resources , data computers and other devices upon requirement. The prior methodology of resource assignment in cloud computing is accomplished through Queuing Theory Based Cuckoo Search algorithm and it is having few limitations including failure in processing plus knapsack issue. Moreover scheduling energy consumption plus computational cost is high. Our proposed work of resource assignment through workflow scheduling is purely carried in two stages. First stage comprises of two phases, for every available task we measure task reward, delay, transmission probability, communication cost and reputation. According to the task measure value computed, we calculate the Enthalpy values. In the Second stage of our proposed work, we employ enthalpy based krill herd optimization algorithm for allocating resources that increase trade make span and for minimizing the resource usage. It also reduces computational complexity by enhancing the computing efficiency of processing elements. The implementation of our suggested algorithm reduces the knapsack issue of energy consumption, VM usage, PM usage, computational time, task migration and resource utilization which proffers to cost reduction.
History of Monopulse Radar in the US

The history of development of monopulse radar in the US is reviewed herein. Significant techniques that permitted monopulse tracking radars to achieve accurate tracking with high efficiency are discussed, including sum-and-difference antenna feed networks, multi-horn and multi-mode feeds, precision mechanical pedestals, and space-fed arrays. The discussion concentrates on surface-based radars, but many of the techniques apply to airborne radars and missile seekers developed during the same periods.
Pharmacokinetic investigation of albendazole and praziquantel in Thai children infected with Giardia intestinalis

Abstract The pharmacokinetics of albendazole/albendazole sulphoxide and praziquantel were investigated in Thai children with Giardia infection. Twenty school-age children were randomly allocated to receive either a single oral dose of albendazole (400 mg/child) or the same dose of albendazole given concurrently with a single oral dose of praziquantel (20 mg/kg). The concentrations of albendazole/albendazole sulphoxide and praziquantel in plasma samples, collected at intervals in the first 24 h post-treatment, were then quantified using HPLC with ultra-violet detection. No significant pharmacokinetic interaction between the albendazole and praziquantel was demonstrated. For albendazole sulphoxide, the active metabolite of albendazole, there was marked inter-individual variation in the maximum plasma concentration and the 'area under the curve'. The pharmacokinetics of albendazole sulphoxide were similar whether albendazole was given alone or in combination with praziquantel.
Environmental change drove macroevolution in cupuladriid bryozoans

Most macroevolutionary events are correlated with changes in the environment, but more rigorous evidence of cause and effect has been elusive. We compiled a 10 Myr record of origination and extinction, changes in mode of reproduction, morphologies and abundances of cupuladriid bryozoan species, spanning the time when primary productivity collapsed in the southwestern Caribbean as the Isthmus of Panama closed. The dominant mode of reproduction shifted dramatically from clonal to aclonal, due in part to a pulse of origination followed by extinction that was strongly selective in favour of aclonal species. Modern-day studies predict reduced clonality in increasingly oligotrophic conditions, thereby providing a mechanistic explanation supporting the hypothesis that the collapse in primary productivity was the cause of turnover. However, whereas originations were synchronous with changing environments, extinctions lagged 1–2 Myr. Extinct species failed to become more robust and reduce their rate of cloning when the new environmental conditions arose, and subsequently saw progressive reductions in abundance towards their delayed demise. Environmental change is therefore established as the root cause of macroevolutionary turnover despite the lag between origination and extinction.
Data-Driven Information Plane in Software-Defined Networking

The contemporary Internet has evolved from an academic infrastructure to a tremendous commercial network, serving as an indispensable information platform for human communications, but with inherent limitations such as complicated management and manual configuration. To overcome these limitations, the basic Internet architecture has unleashed an unprecedented wave of innovation over the past decade, and introduced a promising networking paradigm, software-defined networking (SDN), often referred to as a "radical new idea in networking. " SDN offers numerous potential benefits such as enhanced configuration, improved performance, and encouraged innovation in network architectures and operations, while undergoing unprecedented challenges due to the lack of global network-wide information. Nowadays, the emerging data-driven thought opens the era of the fourth paradigm for science research and transfers the design philosophy of future networks, based on the large-scale data rather than the small-scale data. We argue that the existence of a data-driven information plane in SDN can address these challenges. In this article, we explicitly propose a data-driven information plane and extend the SDN architecture specifically. We first overview the evolution of SDN, and then illustrate a novel SDN paradigm by introducing a data-driven information plane into the commonly accepted SDN reference architecture. Finally, we outline emerging challenges and discuss future directions for further research triggered by a data-driven information plane.
Management of the Cutaneous Peripheral T-Cell Lymphomas: When Subtypes Matter

Abstract The cutaneous T-cell lymphomas are a heterogeneous collection of many biologically and clinically distinct cancers. The World Health Organization 2008 reclassification of cutaneous lymphomas delineated provisional entities that were previously classified simply as primary cutaneous peripheral T-cell lymphoma not otherwise specified. Because of the relative rarity of cases, standard treatment recommendations and algorithms are lacking. However, identification of these subtypes is important as they can have vastly different clinical outcomes. Furthermore, cytokine treatments effective in classic mycosis fungoides or Sezary syndrome not only are ineffective, but also may exacerbate certain subtypes. The aim of this review was to summarize the biological bases of the recently defined entities, reinforce the importance of acute clinical/pathologic diagnosis, and propose treatment strategies based on the available data.
The Annual Cycle of East African Precipitation

AbstractEast African precipitation is characterized by a dry annual mean climatology compared to other deep tropical land areas and a bimodal annual cycle with the major rainy season during March–May (MAM; often called the “long rains”) and the second during October–December (OND; often called the “short rains”). To explore these distinctive features, ERA-Interim data are used to analyze the associated annual cycles of atmospheric convective stability, circulation, and moisture budget. The atmosphere over East Africa is found to be convectively stable in general year-round but with an annual cycle dominated by the surface moist static energy (MSE), which is in phase with the precipitation annual cycle. Throughout the year, the atmospheric circulation is dominated by a pattern of convergence near the surface, divergence in the lower troposphere, and convergence again at upper levels. Consistently, the convergence of the vertically integrated moisture flux is mostly negative across the year, but becomes wea.