Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Alcohol use dynamics and mitigation among adolescents in rural Kenya

Alcohol use has remained a critical problem among adolescents in Kenya. The use is conceptualized as a behavior which results from the interplay between the social-economic environment and personal factors. The purpose of the study was to assess the prevalence, predictors and alleviation of alcohol use among adolescents in rural Nyeri, Kenya. The study was a quasi-experimental quantitative study in which purposive and simple random sampling were used to select participants (n=1038) from eight county administrative units. A self-administered questionnaire was employed to collect data at baseline and endline after six months. Descriptive statistics were applied to summarize categorical and continuous variables while Odds Ratio (OR) and 95% Confidence Interval (CI) brought out the estimated strength of association between independent and the dependent variables. Effectiveness of the mitigation strategy applied was assessed after six months with reference to the baseline. 48.6% of the participants indicated having used alcohol in their lifetime, with 34.7% reporting alcohol consumption in the last one month. Seven independent predictors of alcohol use among the participants were identified using binary logistic regression at P<0.05. Application of five life skills had significant protective effect on alcohol use (OR=0.36; 95% CI: 0.26 – 0.48; p=0.001) whereby a student enrolled in the experimental group was 64% less likely to use alcohol compared to one in the control group. Life skills were therefore found to be effective in empowering adolescents to develop safe and healthy behavior with regard to alcohol use reduction.
Artificial Intelligence Based Data Governance for Chinese Electronic Health Record Analysis

Electronic health record (EHR) analysis can leverage great insights to improve the quality of human healthcare. However, the low data quality problems of missing values, inconsistency, and errors in the data setseverely hinder buildingrobust machine learning models for data analysis. In this paper, we develop a methodology ofartificial intelligence (AI)-based data governance to predict the missing values or verify if the existing values are correct and what they should be when they are wrong. We demonstrate the performance of this methodology through a case study ofpatient gender prediction and verification. Experimental resultsshow that the deep learning algorithm of convolutional neural network (CNN) works very wellaccording to the testing performance measured by the quantitative metric of F1-Score, and it outperformsthe support vector machine (SVM) models with different vector representations for documents.
To study the correlation of serum testosterone concentration with duration of diabetes and glycemic control at tertiary care hospital Bikaner

Diabetes mellitus refers to a group of common metabolic disorders that share the phenotype of hyperglycemia. In recent years, androgen deficiency has captured interest of many researchers and they have associated not only with general health of men but also with certain common systemic disorders like abdominal obesity, type 2 diabetes mellitus and others. This was a cross sectional study. 150 cases of type 2 diabetes mellitus and 50 cases without type 2 diabetes mellitus matched for confounding factors were taken as controls. Serum total testosterone level is assessed by chemiluminiscence method. Mean serum total testosterone (ng/dl) in duration of diabetes group 15 years it was 218.00±10.95(p=0.001). Mean serum total testosterone (ng/dl) in HbA1C group 9% it was 267.97± 63.32 (p<0.001). We concluded that duration of diabetes and HbA1C level significant correlation with serum total testosterone level. Keywords: Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus, Serum total testosterone, HbA1C.
Germination and Seedling Development of Fringed Sagebrush (Artemisia frigida)

Optimum germination of fringed sagebrush (Artemisia frigida Willd.) occurred at alternating temperatures of 10 to 20 C. Seeds were able to germinate (15%) in NaCl concentrations of 5000 ppmw. Light was important in seed germination; however, its absence could be overcome by adding 30 ppmw GA3 (gibberellic acid) to the germination medium. Optimum pH for germination was between 5.8 and 7.0. Depth of planting influenced seedling emergence; the greatest emergence occurred when seeds were planted on the soil surface; emergence was lower when seeds were buried at any depth in the soil. Osmotic potentials of −13 bars and greater reduced germination, but 6% of the seeds germinated at −15 bars. Fringed sagebrush seedlings tolerated average plant water potentials of −10 to −19 bars and died when water potentials were decreased to −22 bars. Mature fringed sagebrush plants were capable of producing from 16500 to 190000 seeds/plant.
Structuring Difference: The Additive Manufacture of Spatially & Functionally Differentiated Microstructures

Additive manufacturing is an enabling technology for achieving spatially-differentiated functionally-graded materials at a resolution that could not be realised by conventional methods. This work covers the development of an in-situ magnetically and microstructurally graded material, built by selective laser melting from a single composition of 17-4PH stainless steel. The high solidification rates of additive manufacture are exploited to drive very fine austenite grain and cell sizes, suppressing the thermally-driven martensitic transformation and stabilising austenite. But additively manufactured parts are known to suffer from thermal strain, and the low stacking fault energy of metastable retained austenite makes it susceptible to deformation-driven transformation. Regions engineered to have low thermal strain remain fully austenitic and demonstrate paramagnetic behaviour, while other regions, tailored to have higher thermal strain, partially transform to ferromagnetic martensite. The magnetic properties are proportional to the phase composition, and therefore to thermal strain, and are shown to be controllable through the build parameters and geometry. The applications for this type of magnetically graded material include electrical machine architectures, and a SLM-built in-situ magnetically graded rotor is demonstrated in a synchronous motor.
Adaptive Power Control for D2D Communications in Downlink SWIPT Networks With Partial CSI

In this letter, we consider the device-to-device (D2D) communication in downlink cellular networks, where the cellular user (CU) both decodes information and harvests the energy. Unlike the conventional D2D communications, we figure out that it is possible for the D2D pair to communicate without degrading the performance of the CU. Based on this observation, D2D transmit power control schemes are proposed for D2D rate maximization subject to maintaining the CU performance. In a decentralized way, the proposed power control schemes are performed at the D2D transmitter (DT) with instantaneous channel state information (CSI) of only the link between the D2D pair. For performance analysis, an asymptotic upper bound is provided on the D2D rates of the proposed schemes. Numerical results confirm the effectiveness of the proposed schemes.
Semantic-based medical records retrieval via medical-context aware query expansion and ranking.

Efficient retrieval of medical records involves contextual understanding of both the query and the records contents. This will enhance the searching effectiveness beyond merely keyword matching and is assisted by analyzing its semantics notion such as by the utilization of the MeSH thesaurus . The query is annotated and expanded by information from the deep medical contextual understanding.This is because typically medical records contain medical terminologies which may not be included in the user query but is important for accurate search hit. Besides, the terminologies have synonyms which should be utilized for richer and expanded query.The main contribution of the paper is the semantic-based retrieval technique by utilizing context-aware query expansion and search ranking method. Medical domain is chosen as a proof of concept and a medical record retrieval application was developed.The source of medical records are obtained from the ImageCLEF 2010 dataset which also houses a series of evaluation campaign such as photo annotation, robot vision and Wikipedia retrieval. This paper addresses the following problems: (i)semantic-based query expansion technique which increase the content awareness ability,(ii) MeSH- manipulated indexer which entails medical terminologies and their synonym,(iii) adoption of extended Boolean matching to measure similarity between query and documents, and (iv)ranking method which prioritizes matched expanded query size.The results were measured using precision, recall and mean average precision (MAP) score.Comparing against other approaches, our method has several achievements including; (i) more efficient access of MeSH thesaurus through the manipulated indexer compared to its original form; (ii) enrichment of query expansion using synonym term can improve mean average precision (MAP) value as opposed to standard query expansion; (iii) our comprehensive ranking method achieved high recall. According to MAP score we are in the top five run system amongst submitted run systems in ImageCLEF2010 medical task.
Simulação do movimento miscível de sais e água em colunas de solo por aplicação de efluente de esgoto doméstico tratado

A crescente producao de residuos agroindustriais e urbanos gera grandes impactos sobre o meio ambiente. Tais residuos, quando tratados, podem ser reutilizados na agricultura como suplementacao de insumos. O reuso de agua residuaria e uma alternativa para evitar impactos ambientais e reduzir o consumo de agua potavel, porem, ha o risco de salinizacao do solo onde e aplicada. Assim, o objetivo deste trabalho foi simular cenarios para o movimento de agua e solutos sob aplicacao de agua residuaria de esgoto domestico tratado em colunas de dois tipos de solos tropicais, para verificar a eficiencia do programa HYDRUS-1D. Portanto, foram utilizadas metodologias de coleta de dados para a aplicacao do programa simulador e entrada no simulador bem como os dados de comparacao com os simulados. A eficiencia da simulacao para o movimento da agua nos solos torna-se satisfatoria para longos processos de lixiviacao, a fim de que se reduza o erro com o passar do tempo e seja melhor representado pelo Luvissolo Cromico. A simulacao do movimento miscivel dos solutos nos solos foi melhor observada no Luvissolo Cromico com aplicacao de solucao salina para o ion sodio e, no Neossolo Regolitico com aplicacao de agua residuaria de esgoto domestico, para os ions potassio, calcio e magnesio. Para todos os cenarios analisados, o ion magnesio apresentou pelo menos um indice satisfatorio. Os ions potassio e calcio nao foram eficientemente simulados no Luvissolo Cromico. E por fim, a deficiencia do programa em simular alguns cenarios mostra que e necessario o incremento de mais parâmetros ou metodologias para que os resultados sejam ainda mais eficientes.
Impact of co-mixing technique and surface modification of ZnO nanoparticles using stearic acid on their dispersion into HDPE to produce HDPE/ZnO nanocomposites

In this article, the effectiveness of the co-mixing processing technique and surface modification of zinc oxide (ZnO) filler on the characteristics of the developed high-density polyethylene (HDPE)/ZnO was investigated. ZnO was treated and co-mixed with stearic acid (SA) at a ratio of 50/50 wt% using kitchen coffee grinder and the mixture was then added to the HDPE matrix in a Brabender plastograph with various ZnO contents of 0.5, 1 and 2 wt%. The morphology of the nanocomposites was characterized using scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The micrographs showed well and uniform dispersion of both treated and untreated ZnO nanofiller; however, the treated ZnO particles showed better dispersion. The nanocomposite containing 1 wt% ZnO nanoparticles was found to have the optimal properties. The results of the SEM were supported by the atomic force microscopic technique. The uniform dispersion of ZnO was further investigated through X-ray diffraction spectra. The minor peaks of ZnO in the HDPE/treated and untreated ZnO nanocomposites are considered as an evidence for the presence of uniform and well-dispersed ZnO. The electrical conductivity of the nanocomposite samples is higher than that of neat HDPE due to the semiconducting nature of ZnO and increases with ZnO content. The results of this work proved that dispersibility can be achieved through the addition of SA and conductivity of the nanocomposite depends on the ZnO content. Moreover, co-mixing technique and the surface modification of the nanofillers are very effective in producing the HDPE/ZnO nanocomposites that have many potential industrial applications such as food packaging, drug and pharmaceutical bottles.
V. DERIVATION BY MIGRATION IN LETHALLY IRRADIATED RECIPIENTS OF TWO INTERACTING SUBPOPULATIONS OF THYMus-DERIVED CELLS FROM NORMAL SPLEEN* BY ROBERT E. TIGELAAR AND RICHARD ASOFSKY

Several recent studies have detailed the phenomenon of synergy among certain populations of parental strain lymphoid cells in the elicitation of graft-versus-host (GVH) 1 reactions in neonatal F1 mice (1-5). When either a spleen weight assay in normal recipients or a mortality assay in sublethally irradiated recipients to quantitate the intensity of the GVH reaction was used, mixtures of either peripheral blood leukocytes (PBL) or femoral lymph node cells (LN) and either thymocytes or spleen cells from donors pretreated with a moderate dose of heterologous antithymocyte serum (ATS) regularly gave reactions significantly greater than expected by summing the reactivities of the components of the mixture measured separately. These results suggested that optimal expression of GVH reactions may require the participation of at least two subpopulations of donor lymphoid cells. Studies utilizing either cells from neonatally thymectomized donors (3) or cells incubated in vitro with anti-0 serum and complement (5) indicated that both of these subpopulations were thymus-derived cells, thereby clearly distinguishing this synergistic reaction from those seen among certain thymus-derived and bone marrow-derived cells in the production of humoral antibodies to a variety of antigens (6-9). In addition, both cell types had to have the capacity to recognize foreign antigens in the FI recipients; no synergy was observed when appropriate populations of syngeneic F1 cells were substituted for either of the populations of parental strain lymphoid cells (1-4), again distinguishing this particular synergy from that described by others in GVH reactions in irradiated recipients (10-12).
Stop-and-Go: Dynamics of Nucleolar Transcription During the Cell Cycle

Entry into mitosis correlates with nucleolar disassembly and shutdown of ribosomal RNA (rRNA) gene (rDNA) transcription. In telophase, nucleoli reform and transcription is reactivated. The molecular mechanisms underlying the dynamics of nucleolar transcription during the cell cycle are manifold. Although mitotic inactivation of the RNA polymerase I (Pol I) transcription machinery by posttranslational modifications has been extensively studied, little is known about the structure of rDNA chromatin during progression through mitosis. Methylation of histone H2A at glutamine 104 (H2AQ104me), a dedicated nucleolar histone modification, is lost in prometaphase, leading to chromatin compaction, which enforces mitotic repression of rRNA genes. At telophase, restoration of H2AQ104me is required for the activation of transcription. H2AQ104 methylation and chromatin dynamics are regulated by fibrillarin (FBL) and the NAD+-dependent nucleolar deacetylase sirtuin 7 (SIRT7). Deacetylation of FBL is required for the methylation of H2AQ104 and high levels of rDNA transcription during interphase. At the entry into mitosis, nucleoli disassemble and FBL is hyperacetylated, leading to loss of H2AQ104me, chromatin compaction, and shutdown of Pol I transcription. These results reveal that reversible acetylation of FBL regulates methylation of nucleolar H2AQ104, thereby reinforcing oscillation of Pol I transcription during the cell cycle.
Supporting Latinx Students in Hispanic-Serving Institutions: An Exploration of Faculty Perceptions and Actions

ABSTRACT While acknowledged as vital to expanding educational opportunity for Latinx students, Hispanic-serving institutions (HSIs) are also criticized for not adequately serving this population. Drawing on interviews with faculty at three HSIs, this study examines how faculty view Latinx students and their role in advancing these students’ learning, development, and success. Findings show that faculty perceptions of Latinx students coalesced around three broad areas, but interpretations varied, as did faculty’s actions in response.
Mejora de las competencias socioemocionales en el aula, con jóvenes de Educación Secundaria, mediante el programa SEA

Introducción. En este trabajo se presenta la evaluación del impacto de un programa de desarrollo de las competencias emo-cionales en la base del modelo teórico SEA (atención y comprensión emocional, regulación y reparación emocional y expresión social adaptativa de las emociones) sobre tales competencias en jóvenes adolescentes y pre-adolescentes. Método. El programa se implementó en un IES público durante un curso escolar por parte de los propios profesores-tutores de los alumnos. Los participantes de este estudio son 156 alumnos de 11 a 14 años estudiantes de 1º de E.S. O. en sus di-ferentes condiciones experimentales y control. Se ha utilizado un diseño cuasiexperimental pretest-postest con grupo control para evaluar la eficacia del programa. Las pruebas usadas para ello miden las competencias socioemocionales, la empatía y el ajuste social de los participantes. Además, se hace una medida de seguimiento 3 meses después de la finalización de la implementación del programa.Resultados. La investigación demuestra una mejora significativa en las competencias socioemocionales de los participantes del programa, especialmente en las competencias más relacionadas con la expresión social adaptativa de las emociones. Además, se descubren mejoras también significativas en empatía y ajuste social. Discusión y conclusiones. Se corrobora la posibilidad de potenciar las competencias socioemocionales mediante la aplicación de un programa de intervención directa en el aula durante un curso escolar y el programa SEA se convierte en candidato para alcanzar este objetivo.
Matching Impedances Fresnel Equations Calculation for Layered Optical Structures

In this paper, we demonstrate that Fresnel equations simulation for multilayer optical structures can be speeded up using impedance matching together with run once use many times concept as an optical responses database. The Fresnel equations can be solved by calculating reflection coefficient and transmission coefficient for each interface of the simulated structure and propagate the reflected waves and transmitted waves through the incident medium or the exiting medium using either scattering matrix approach or transfer matrix approach. If the structure parameter changes, such as, thickness of a layer in the structure change or the sequence of the layer changes, these require another set of Fresnel equations calculation. Here each of the layers are calculated separately with two semi-infinite layers with a fixed refractive index value sandwiched the two sides of the simulated layer. The reflection coefficient and the transmission coefficient for each layer can be then stored as a layer database. Different databases can be cascaded in any layer order to calculate a reflection or transmission responses of the layered structure.
Real-time Accurate Runway Detection based on Airborne Multi-sensors Fusion

Existing methods of runway detection are more focused on image processing for remote sensing images based on computer vision techniques. However, these algorithms are too complicated and time-consuming to meet the demand for real-time airborne application. This paper proposes a novel runway detection method based on airborne multi-sensors data fusion which works in a coarse-to-fine hierarchical architecture. At the coarse layer, a vision projection model from world coordinate system to image coordinate system is built by fusing airborne navigation data and forward-looking sensing images, then a runway region of interest (ROI) is extracted from a whole image by the model. Furthermore, EDLines which is a real-time line segments detector is applied to extract straight line segments from ROI at the fine layer, and fragmented line segments generated by EDLines are linked into two long runway lines. Finally, some unique runway features (e.g. vanishing point and runway direction) are used to recognise airport runway. The proposed method is tested on an image dataset provided by a flight simulation system. The experimental results show that the method has advantages in terms of speed, recognition rate and false alarm rate.
Attributing Changes in Streamflow to Land Use and Climate Change for 472 Catchments in Australia and the United States

A data-based method to distinguish climate and land use change impacts on streamflow has been previously developed and needs further evaluation through a large sample study. This study aims to apply the method to a large sample set of 472 catchments in the United States and Australia. The method calculates the water and energy budget of a catchment which can be translated to climate and land use induced changes in streamflow between two periods: a pre-change and post-change period. Several geographical characteristics (e.g., aridity index, average catchment slope, historical land use) were considered for the interpretation of the results. The results show that in general as expected, an increase of the annual discharge is caused by deforestation and a wetter climate, and a decrease of the annual discharge is caused by afforestation and a drier climate. In addition, changes in streamflow of American catchments are likely caused by a wetter climate, while changes in streamflow of Australian catchments are caused by a wetter or drier climate. It can be concluded that the method performs reasonably well and that the results are best explained by the location of the catchment, the aridity index and historical land use.