Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Enhanced Production of Podophyllotoxin by Fed‐batch Cultivation of Podophyllum hexandrum

Podophyllum hexandrum (Indian May Apple) was successfully cultivated in a 3 L stirred tank bioreactor under low shear conditions in batch and fed-batch modes of operation. A statistically optimized culture medium was used for the batch cultivation of Podophyllum hexandrum. Under optimum culture conditions of P. hexandrum, the batch culture showed a growth-associated product formation with a maximum biomass of 21.4 g/L dry cell weight (DCW) basis and a podophyllotoxin production of 13.8 mg/L in 26 d. A mathematical model was developed to design the nutrient feeding strategies for a fed-batch cultivation to prolong the productive log phase of cultivation. The fed-batch cultivation was able to enhance the biomass and podophyllotoxin accumulation to 48 g/L (DCW basis) and 43.2 mg/L, respectively, in 60 d. The volumetric productivity of podophyllotoxin in fed-batch cultivation was found to be 0.72 mg/(L. d) as opposed to 0.53 mg/(L. d) in batch cultivation under optimized culture conditions. Podophyllum hexandrum (« Indian May Apple ») a ete cultive avec succes dans un bioreacteur agite de 3 L dans des conditions de faible cisaillement en mode de fonctionnement discontinu et semi-discontinu. On a utilise un milieu de culture optimise statistiquement pour la culture discontinue de Podophyllum hexandrum. Dans des conditions de culture optimales de P. hexandrum, la culture discontinue montre une formation de produit associee a la croissance avec une biomasse maximale sur la base de la masse seche des cellules (DCW) de 21,4 g/L et une production de podophyllotoxine de 13,8 mg/L en 26 jours. On a mis au point un modele mathematique qui a concevoir les strategies d'alimentation des nutriments pour une culture semi-discontinue pour prolonger la phase productive de la culture. La culture semi-discontinue est capable d'ameliorer l'accumulation de podophyllotoxine a 48 g/L (base DCW) et a 43,2 mg/L, respectivement, en 60 jours. La productivite volumetrique de podophyllotoxine dans la culture a alimentation discontinue s'avere de 0,72 mg/(L.j) comparativement a 0,53 mg/(L.j) dans la culture discontinue dans des conditions de culture optimales.
Use of Traditional Chinese Medicine in Malaysia: A Knowledge and Practice Study among General Population toward Complementary and Alternative Medicine in Relation to Health and Quality of Life in Malaysia

Purpose: There is a wide range of use of complementary and alternative medicine (CAM), which has increased drastically and affected treatments overall. The knowledge and practice of Chinese herbal medicine among the general population is considered as positive. Literature shows that the effectiveness and acceptance of alternative therapies is still debatable among the general population. Materials and Methods: Study design was cross-sectional, in which sociodemographic data of respondents were collected through a validated questionnaire; results were analyzed by using validated data collection tool. The results were concluded on the basis of good, moderate, and poor response, which was evaluated through data analysis by the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) software, version 20.0. A P < 0.05 was considered as statistically significant. Results: Respondents were 182 (44.4%) males and 228 (55.6%) females; better knowledge was recognized among the females (P < 0.001) with mean knowledge of 15.55 ± 2.7. Chinese population had good knowledge with statistically strong correlation with mean knowledge of 15.63 (P = 0.006). Likewise, Buddhism was reported to have good knowledge among all the religions. Rural population was underlined with lesser family income and they showed good practice and understanding (P = 0.006). Comparatively positive attitude was noticed among the females (P < 0.001) with mean attitude of 15.55 ± 2.7. The highest level of education in this study was postgraduate, which showed 77.1% good attitude. Postgraduate participants were having varied results with standard deviation of ±6.23. Statistically highly significant association was seen between the religion and attitude of respondents with the P < 0.001. Chinese medicine is widely used, but religious difference was found among the races. Similar difference was found in knowledge and practice among the population of rural side and low family income compared to urban population with higher income and access to allopathic medicine. Conclusions: Despite having better practice among the Malaysian population, still the knowledge needs to be disseminated among the population for the overall use of traditional Chinese medicine with safety to improve health and quality of life in Malaysia.
Analysis of Vinylene Carbonate Derived SEI Layers on Graphite Anode

The solid electrolyte interface (SEI) formation on composite graphite and highly oriented pyrolytic graphite in a vinylene carbonate (VC)-containing electrolyte was analyzed using evolved gas analysis, Fourier transform infrared analysis, two-dimensional nuclear magnetic resonance, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, time of flight-secondary-ion mass spectrometry, and scanning electron microscopy. We found that the SEI layers derived from VC-containing electrolytes consist of polymer species such as poly (vinylene carbonate) (poly(VC)), an oligomer of VC, a ring-opening polymer of VC, and polyacetylene. Moreover, lithium vinylene dicarbonate, (CHOCO 2 Li) 2 , lithium divinylene dicarbonate, (CH=CHOCO 2 Li) 2 , lithium divinylene dialkoxide, (CH=CHOLi) 2 , and lithium carboxylate, RCOOLi, were formed on graphite as VC reduction products. The presence of VC in the ethylene carbonate (EC)-based electrolyte caused a decrease in the reductive gases of the EC dimethyl carbonate solvent such as C 2 H 4 , CH 4 , and CO. The VC-derived SEI layer was formed at a potential more positive than 1.0 V vs. Li/Li + . Effective SEI formation by reduction of VC progresses before that of EC. The thermal decomposition temperature of the SEI layer derived from VC shifted to a higher temperature compared to that derived from the VC-free electrolytes. We concluded that the thermal stability of the VC-derived SEI layer has a close relation to high-temperature storage characteristics at elevated temperatures.
Identification and Characterization of the Arabidopsis PHO1 Gene Involved in Phosphate Loading to the Xylem

The Arabidopsis mutant pho1 is deficient in the transfer of Pi from root epidermal and cortical cells to the xylem. The PHO1 gene was identified by a map-based cloning strategy. The N-terminal half of PHO1 is mainly hydrophilic, whereas the C-terminal half has six potential membrane-spanning domains. PHO1 shows no homology with any characterized solute transporter, including the family of H (cid:2) -Pi cotransporters identified in plants and fungi. PHO1 shows highest homology with the Rcm1 mammalian receptor for xenotropic murine leukemia retroviruses and with the Saccharomyces cerevisiae Syg1 protein involved in the mating pheromone signal transduction pathway. PHO1 is expressed predomi-nantly in the roots and is upregulated weakly under Pi stress. Studies with PHO1 promoter– (cid:3) -glucuronidase constructs reveal predominant expression of the PHO1 promoter in the stelar cells of the root and the lower part of the hypocotyl. There also is (cid:3) -glucuronidase staining of endodermal cells that are adjacent to the protoxylem vessels. The Arabidopsis genome contains 10 additional genes showing homology with PHO1 . Thus, PHO1 defines a novel class of proteins involved in ion transport in plants.
Genotoxicity of urban air particulate matter: Correlations between mutagenicity data, airborne micropollutants, and meteorological parameters

The mutagenicity of airborne particulate matter was monitored at a site representative of the high traffic density of the city of Rome. Inhalable (less than 10 μm) particles were collected every other day with a high‐volume sampler from November 1990 to April 1991. Mutagenicity of particle extracts was evaluated by the microsuspension procedure with Salmonella typhimurium strain TA98. Mutagenic activities of particle extracts displayed a fourfold variation during the period of sampling, with the lowest values in April (about 600 induced revertants mg‐1), and the highest in February (about 2500 revertants mg‐1). Multivariate statistical analyses on the interrelationships between mutagenicity, micropollutants levels and meteorological parameters highlighted a close inverse relationship between air mutagenicity and ambient temperature. Lower temperatures determined both an increased content of organic matter on air particles, and an increased mutagenicity (on a weight basis) of particle extracts, which was a.
TECHNICAL NOTE ELECTROCHEMICAL EVALUATION OF PbO NANOPARTICLES AS ANODE FOR LITHIUM ION BATTERIES

PbO nanoparticles were synthesized using hydrothermal process. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was used in order to investigate of PbO powders. X-ray diffraction (XRD) pattern confirmed β-PbO formation during this process. The crystallite size of the powders was calculated to be about 74.6 nm using Scherrer formula. Electrochemical evaluation of PbO nanoparticles as anode for Li-ion batteries shows that two reactions have occurred during the first discharge. Some intermediates also were seen during Pb alloying with Li. The cyclic loading of PbO nanoparticles show reversible capacity higher than 125 mAh g -1 .
Photovoltaic efficiency limits and material disorder

Solar cells based on crystalline semiconductors such as Si and GaAs provide nowadays the highest performance, but photovoltaic (PV) cells based on less pure materials, such as poly- or nano-crystalline or amorphous inorganic or organic materials, or a combination of these, should relax production requirements and lower the cost towards reliable, sustainable and economic electrical power from sunlight. So as to be able to compare the operation of different classes of solar cells we first summarize general photovoltaic principles and then consider implications of using less than ideal materials. In general, lower material purity means more disorder, which introduces a broad distribution of energy states of the electronic carriers that affects all the aspects of PV performance, from light absorption to the generation of voltage and current. Specifically, disorder penalizes energy output by enhanced recombination, with respect to the radiative limit, and also imposes a lowering of quasi-Fermi levels into the gap, which decreases their separation, i.e., reduces the photovoltage. In solar cells based on organic absorbers, such as dye-sensitized or bulk heterojunction solar cells, vibronic effects cause relaxation of carriers in the absorber, which implies an energy price in terms of obtainable output.
Gastroentero-histopathology Studies of Synthesized Naproxen Esters in Young Healthy Sprague-Dawley Rat Model

Naproxen and its synthesized esters namely naproxen methyl ester, C 15 H 16 O 3 (compound 1), ethyl ester, C 16 H 17 O 3 (compound 2) and isopropyl ester, C 17 H 20 O 3 (compound 3) were subjected to NSAID induced gastro-ulcergenecity studies on young, healthy male rat model. Rats (Rattus novergicus: Sprague-Dawley strain) of 2-months old weighing 95–105 g were administered with naproxen (10 mg/kg b.w.) compound 1 (10.609 mg/kg b.w.), compound 2 (11.217 mg/kg b.w.) and compound 3 (11.826 mg/kg b.w.) twice daily for 4.5 days. The naproxen esters appeared to induce significantly less GI injury and bleeding both in microscopic and macroscopic examinations. This study can be a basis of reference for further acute, chronic or subchronic toxicity studies in various in-vivo models. Dhaka Univ. J. Pharm. Sci. 14(1): 49-53, 2015 (June)
A study of Machine Learning Workloads on different hardware and Benchmarks for deep learning

-- Deep learning is a very popular machine learning method currently, and it can be used to solve various tasks. There are now many open source deep learning tools that can build various deep learning network models, such as convolutional neural network (CNN) and recurrent neural network (RNN), Generative Adversarial Networks(GANs). However, deep learning workloads are becoming increasingly more compute-intensive, so training deep learning networks is usually a very time-consuming process. Almost all deep learning frameworks support the use of GPU in order to speed up the calculation of deep learning models. This dissertation will involve benchmark to analyze the performance of CPU and GPU in training deep learning workloads on PARAM Shavak Deep Learning GPU. ParaDnn is a micro-benchmark for deep learning, which can compare the running time of the workloads between various devices. In addition, a simple deep learning model is also built to compare the running time between one GPU and multiple GPUs. The results of this paper demonstrate that running workloads on GPU is faster than CPU, and multiple GPUs are faster than one GPU.
Ranking with Deep Multi-Objective Learning

Ranking is the central part of plenty information retrieval problems. Existing learning to rank methods mostly employ one of the following learning methodologies: pointwise, pairwise and list-wise learning. In this paper, we conduct analysis to demonstrate that these learning methodologies perform well in different scenarios respectively, according to corresponding evaluation metrics. Theoretically, all these learning methods aim at capturing relation between query context and candidate documents, the knowledge they extracted should be able to benefit each other and further improve the performance. Follow this idea, we propose multi-objective learning to combine their strengths. We extend existing deep ranking models into multi-prediction networks, and conduct training using both pointwise and listwise objectives simultaneously. Experiments using real search logs indicate that we can further improve the performance of existing models according to both global-level and query-level evaluations using our learning methodology.
Electrocatalytic Reduction of Nitrate on a Pt Electrode Modified by p‐Block Metal Adatoms in Acid Solution

Nitrate reduction was investigated on a polycrystalline Pt electrode modified with p‐block metals, such as indium, gallium, thallium, tin, lead, arsenic, antimony, bismuth, zinc, and cadmium, in both perchloric and sulfuric acid solution. Online electrochemical mass spectrometry was applied to detect volatile products on the electrode surface. In perchloric acid, tin, cadmium, indium, and gallium were found as active promoters for nitrate reduction, and N2O was detected as the main product for cadmium‐ and indium‐modified Pt electrode, whereas the tin‐modified electrode produced both NO and N2O. Lead cations inhibited nitrate reduction, but N2O was still formed selectively. In sulfuric acid, tin was an active promoter and showed the same coverage dependence for the product distribution as was reported previously for perchloric acid. Thallium performed similarly to germanium in that both metal cations only promoted nitrate reduction in sulfuric acid but not in perchloric acid, which could be attributed to their effect on disordering the bisulfate adsorption on Pt to recover active sites for nitrate reduction. Arsenic, antimony, and bismuth exhibited a similar effect on nitrate reduction on Pt sites in both acid electrolytes; they inhibited nitrate reduction on free Pt sites in the low‐potential range. Among the p‐block metals that were investigated, tin was the most active promoter for nitrate reduction, considering both the anion effect and the product distribution. DFT calculations were performed to gain insight into the promoting role of the two most active promoters, tin and indium.
Revisiting Gendered Web Forms: An Evaluation of Gender Inputs with (Non-)Binary People

Gender input forms act as gates to accessing information, websites, and services online. Non-binary people regularly have to interact with them, though many do not offer non-binary gender options. This results in non-binary individuals having to either choose an incorrect gender category or refrain from using a site or service—which is occasionally infeasible (e.g., when accessing health services). We tested five different forms through a survey with binary and non-binary participants (n = 350) in three contexts—a digital health form, a social media website, and a dating app. Our results indicate that the majority of participants found binary “male or female” forms exclusive and uncomfortable to fill out across all contexts. We conclude with design considerations for improving gender input forms and consequently their underlying gender model in databases. Our work aims to sensitize designers of (online) gender web forms to the needs and desires of non-binary people.
The rapid formation of crystalline double hydroxy salts and other compounds by controlled hydrolysis

Abstract Double-cation hydroxy compounds, generally with the pyroaurite-type structure, were synthesized by a reaction involving the hydrolysis of a cation in solution by a fully hydrolysed and precipitated hydroxide of a second metallic cation. Synthesis of this type of compound is not limited to reactions between di- and trivalent cations as previously thought but can, in this process, involve divalent-divalent, divalent-tetravalent and trivalent-trivalent cations. Crystalline compounds with reasonably sharp XRD patterns formed generally within a few hours at 25°C at pH 4–8·5 depending on the cations involved. The technique presents a more rapid method of formation of these compounds than previously described syntheses, and has been called induced hydrolysis because the fully hydrolysed cation causes complete hydrolysis of the second cation at a pH below that at which this would normally occur. The minerals takovite, Ni6Al2(OH)16CO3·H2O, and hydrotalcite, Mg6Al2(OH)16CO3·H2O, were amongst some of the compounds formed and the reaction is considered to be more realistic in terms of conditions encountered in natural environments than previous syntheses. The reactions described could also be expected to affect the mobility of heavy elements in the environment. These double hydroxy compounds convert on heating between 300–500°C to double-metal oxides with the spinel structure.
Location Oriented Directional MAC Protocol for FANETs using ABC Algorithm

– In FANET, LODMAC protocol is used which have many advantages over another protocol. Flying Ad Hoc Networks called as FANETs lies among the most arising technologies of space wireless networks for both military and civilian. The main objective of our work is designing and implementing of LODMAC protocol for FANETs when node failures are presented in network. Thus existing techniques has neglected the effect of node failures in FANETs. So in concern to handle this issue a new technique has proposed which has utilised detection and replacement of node failure in FANETs to enhance the results further. The overall results indicates that the proposed technique outperforms over the other techniques.
KDM6 inhibition eradicates TICs in CRC

1 Targeted inhibition of KDM6 histone demethylases eradicates tumor-initiating cells via enhancer reprogramming in colorectal cancer Junbao Zhang, Ying Ying, Meiqi Li, Maolin Wang, Xiaoyan Huang, Min Jia, Junhui Zeng, Canjie Ma, Yixiang Zhang, Chen Li, Xiaomei Wang, Xing-sheng Shu 1Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Health Science Center, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China, 2Department of Urology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Shenzhen People’s Hospital, Shenzhen 518020, China; 3Department of Oncology, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Gastrointestinal Cancer Translational Research, Cancer Institute of Shenzhen-PKU-HKUST Medical Center, Shenzhen 518036, China
Stable Classification

We address the problem of instability of classification models: small changes in the training data leading to large changes in the resulting model and predictions. This phenomenon is especially well established for single tree based methods such as CART, however it is present in all classification methods. We apply robust optimization to improve the stability of five of the most commonly used classification methods: Random Forests, Logistic Regression, Support Vector Machines, CART, and Optimal Classification Trees. Through experiments on 30 datasets with sizes ranging between 10 and 10 observations and features, we show that our approach (a) leads to improvements in both performance and stability compared to the original methods, with the gains in stability being particularly significant (even, surprisingly, for those methods that were previously thought to be stable, such as Random Forests) and (b) has computational times comparable with (and indeed in some cases even faster than) the original methods allowing the method to be very scalable.
Automata for Unordered Trees (cid:73) , (cid:73)(cid:73)

We present a framework for deﬁning automata for unordered data trees that is parametrized by the way in which multisets of children nodes are described. Presburger tree automata and alternating Presburger tree automata are particular instances. We establish the usual equivalence in expressiveness of tree automata and MSO for the automata deﬁned in our framework. We then investigate subclasses of automata for unordered trees for which testing language equivalence is in P-time. For this we start from automata in our framework that describe multisets of children by ﬁnite automata, and propose two approaches of how to do this deterministically. We show that a restriction to conﬂuent horizontal evaluation leads to polynomial-time emptiness and universality, but still suﬀers from coNP-completeness of the emptiness of binary intersections. Finally, eﬃcient algorithms can be obtained by imposing an order of horizontal evaluation globally for all automata in the class. Depending on the choice of the order, we obtain diﬀerent classes of automata, each of which has the same expressiveness as Counting Mso .