Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Learn2Sum: A New Approach to Unsupervised Text Summarization Based on Topic Modeling

Due to the enormous volume of data on the web, it is hard for the user to retrieve effective and useful information within the right time. Thus, it has become a need to generate a brief summary from a large amount of textual data according to the user profile. In this context, text summarization is used to identify important information within text documents. It aims to generate shorter versions of the source text, by including only the relevant and salient information. In recent years, the research on summarization techniques based on topic modeling techniques has become a hot topic among researchers thanks to their ability to classify, understand a large text corpora and extract important topics on the text. However, existing studies do not provide the support of personalization when generating summaries because they need to know not only which documents are most helpful to the users, but also which topics and keywords are more or less related to the user' interests. Thus, existing studies lack of the support of adaptive user modeling for user applications in the emerging areas of automatic summarization, topic modeling and visualization. In this context, we propose a new approach of automated text summarization based on topic modeling techniques and taking into account the user's profile which helps to semantically extract relevant topics of textual documents, summarizing information according to the user' topics interests and finally visualize them through a hyper-graph Experiments have been conducted to measure the effectiveness of our solution compared to existing summarizing approaches based on text content. The results show the superiority of our approach.
Vitruvius+: An Area-Efficient RISC-V Decoupled Vector Coprocessor for High Performance Computing Applications

The maturity level of RISC-V and the availability of domain-specific instruction set extensions, like vector processing, make RISC-V a good candidate for supporting the integration of specialized hardware in processor cores for the High Performance Computing (HPC) application domain. In this article,1 we present Vitruvius+, the vector processing acceleration engine that represents the core of vector instruction execution in the HPC challenge that comes within the EuroHPC initiative. It implements the RISC-V vector extension (RVV) 0.7. 1 and can be easily connected to a scalar core using the Open Vector Interface standard. Vitruvius+ natively supports long vectors: 256 double precision floating-point elements in a single vector register. It is composed of a set of identical vector pipelines (lanes), each containing a slice of the Vector Register File and functional units (one integer, one floating point). The vector instruction execution scheme is hybrid in-order/out-of-order and is supported by register renaming and arithmetic/memory instruction decoupling. On a stand-alone synthesis, Vitruvius+ reaches a maximum frequency of 1.4 GHz in typical conditions (TT/0.80V/25°C) using GlobalFoundries 22FDX FD-SOI. The silicon implementation has a total area of 1.3 mm2 and maximum estimated power of ∼920 mW for one instance of Vitruvius+ equipped with eight vector lanes.
Single i.v. ketamine augmentation of newly initiated escitalopram for major depression: results from a randomized, placebo-controlled 4-week study

Background While oral antidepressants reach efficacy after weeks, single-dose intravenous (i.v.) ketamine has rapid, yet time-limited antidepressant effects. We aimed to determine the efficacy and safety of single-dose i.v. ketamine augmentation of escitalopram in major depressive disorder (MDD). Method Thirty outpatients with severe MDD (17-item Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression total score ⩾24) were randomized to 4 weeks double-blind treatment with escitalopram 10 mg/day+single-dose i.v. ketamine (0.5 mg/kg over 40 min) or escitalopram 10 mg/day + placebo (0.9% i.v. saline). Depressive symptoms were measured using the Montgomery–Asberg Depression Rating Scale (MADRS) and the Quick Inventory of Depressive Symptomatology – Self-Report (QIDS-SR). Suicidal ideation was evaluated with the QIDS-SR item 12. Adverse psychopathological effects were measured with the Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale (BPRS)-positive symptoms, Young Mania Rating Scale (YMRS) and Clinician Administered Dissociative States Scale (CADSS). Patients were assessed at baseline, 1, 2, 4, 24 and 72 h and 7, 14, 21 and 28 days. Time to response (⩾50% MADRS score reduction) was the primary outcome. Results By 4 weeks, more escitalopram + ketamine-treated than escitalopram + placebo-treated patients responded (92.3% v. 57.1%, p = 0.04) and remitted (76.9% v. 14.3%, p = 0.001), with significantly shorter time to response [hazard ratio (HR) 0.04, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.01–0.22, p < 0.001] and remission (HR 0.11, 95% CI 0.02–0.63, p = 0.01). Compared to escitalopram + placebo, escitalopram + ketamine was associated with significantly lower MADRS scores from 2 h to 2 weeks [(peak = 3 days–2 weeks; effect size (ES) = 1.08–1.18)], QIDS-SR scores from 2 h to 2 weeks (maximum ES = 1.27), and QIDS-SR suicidality from 2 to 72 h (maximum ES = 2.24). Only YMRS scores increased significantly with ketamine augmentation (1 and 2 h), without significant BPRS or CADSS elevation. Conclusions Single-dose i.v. ketamine augmentation of escitalopram was safe and effective in severe MDD, holding promise for speeding up early oral antidepressant efficacy.
Grain coarsening in two-dimensional phase-field models with an orientation field.

In the literature, contradictory results have been published regarding the form of the limiting (long-time) grain size distribution (LGSD) that characterizes the late stage grain coarsening in two-dimensional and quasi-two-dimensional polycrystalline systems. While experiments and the phase-field crystal (PFC) model (a simple dynamical density functional theory) indicate a log-normal distribution, other works including theoretical studies based on conventional phase-field simulations that rely on coarse grained fields, like the multi-phase-field (MPF) and orientation field (OF) models, yield significantly different distributions. In a recent work, we have shown that the coarse grained phase-field models (whether MPF or OF) yield very similar limiting size distributions that seem to differ from the theoretical predictions. Herein, we revisit this problem, and demonstrate in the case of OF models [R. Kobayashi, J. A. Warren, and W. C. Carter, Physica D 140, 141 (2000)PDNPDT0167-278910.1016/S0167-2789(00)00023-3; H. Henry, J. Mellenthin, and M. Plapp, Phys. Rev. B 86, 054117 (2012)PRBMDO1098-012110.1103/PhysRevB.86. 054117] that an insufficient resolution of the small angle grain boundaries leads to a log-normal distribution close to those seen in the experiments and the molecular scale PFC simulations. Our paper indicates, furthermore, that the LGSD is critically sensitive to the details of the evaluation process, and raises the possibility that the differences among the LGSD results from different sources may originate from differences in the detection of small angle grain boundaries.
Running INTERFERONce on immunotherapy

A new wave of immunotherapies has considerably expanded treatment options for patients with cutaneous melanoma. One strategy for boosting the antitumor immune response is to block inhibitory immune checkpoint proteins that restrain immune cells. Utilizing this strategy, FDAapproved immune checkpoint inhibitors targeting CTLA4 (ipilimumab) and PD1/PDL1 (nivolumab, pembrolizumab) alone or in combination enhance existing immune responses and have increased patient survival and response durability. Despite these advances, many patients do not respond to immune checkpoint blockade, and others develop resistance following an initial response. The proteins and signaling pathways responsible for tumoral resistance to immune cell killing require further investigation. In their study, Patel et al. conducted a comprehensive screen of cancer genes that contribute to immune evasion mechanisms. They developed a twocelltype (2CT) system: melanoma cells were transduced with a genome-wide CRISPRCas9 screen, these melanoma target cells were subsequently incubated with effector CD8 T cells, and deepsequencing identified singleguide RNAs (sgRNAs) enriched in cells that survived Tcell coincubation. Importantly, this system identified genes in cancer cells that are critical for any Tcellbased immunotherapy to be effective, including immune checkpoint blockade, oncolytic virus therapy, and adoptive Tcell therapy. Many of the sgRNAs enriched in tumor cells after Tcell coincubation targeted genes involved in MHC class I antigen processing and presentation, including HLA-A, B2M, TAP1, TAP2, and TAPBP. These results are consistent with previous studies that show that defects in antigen presentation pathway genes and low expression of neoantigens can contribute to intrinsic resistance to immune checkpoint inhibitors (Van Allen et al., 2015). Hits from the 2CT screen were further analyzed for correlation with a genetic profile of Tcell cytolytic activity in the TCGA patient sample database, and a set of 19 candidate genes was identified. This included genes involved in antigen presentation (HLA-A, HLA-F, B2M, TAP1, TAP2), Tcell costimulation (ICAM1, CLECL1, LILRA1, LILRA3), and cytokine signaling (JAK2, STAT1). From their screen, nine candidates were validated experimentally in A375 and Mel624 melanoma cells to confer resistance to Tcellmediated killing when silenced: APLNR, BBS1, CD58, COL17A1, NY-ESO-1, DEFB134, MLANA, mir-101-2, and TAPBP. The roles of these proteins include cytoskeletal regulation, melanosome biogenesis, antigen presentation, and Gproteincoupled receptor activity. SOX10 silencing was also found to promote cytolytic resistance of Mel624 cells but not A375 cells. This finding is important because SOX10 silencing can play a role in mediating adaptive resistance to BRAF inhibitor targeted therapy (Sun et al., 2014), and these results indicate that it may play additional roles in sensitizing cancer cells to Tcellmediated killing.
Endocrine diseases in small mammals

ALTHOUGH endocrine diseases of small pet mammals are frequently encountered in veterinary practice, they are only rarely reported in the literature and may, therefore, go undiagnosed by the general practitioner. Diagnosis is not easy because of the small sample size, the variability in response to established diagnostic tests for endocrine diseases in dogs and cats, and the lack of normal reference range values in these species. Treatment is often complicated by the need for high dosage frequencies due to short drug half-lives, which makes stabilisation difficult. In addition, owners find it hard to administer medication and may also be reluctant to finance further diagnostic tests. This article discusses the clinical signs associated with common endocrine diseases in small mammals and, wherever possible, describes diagnostic tests and treatment regimens.
Social and economic consequences of alcohol use disorder: a longitudinal cohort and co-relative analysis

Background Although alcohol use disorder (AUD) is associated with future risk for psychosocial dysfunction, the degree to which this arises from a direct causal effect of AUD on functioning v. from correlated risk factors (also known as confounders) is less clearly established. Method AUD was assessed from Swedish medical, criminal and pharmacy registries. In a large general population cohort, using Cox proportional hazard and regression models, we predicted from the onset of AUD four outcomes: early retirement, unemployment, social assistance, and individual income. We then examined the degree to which these associations were attenuated by relevant confounders as well as by the use of discordant cousin, half-sibling, full-sibling, and monozygotic twin pairs. Results In males, AUD most strongly predicted social assistance [hazard ratio (HR) 8.27, 95% confidence interval (CI) 7.96–8.59], followed by early retirement (HR 5.63, 95% CI 5.53–5.72) and unemployment (HR 2.75, 95% CI 2.65–2.85). For income at age 50, AUD was associated with a decrease in income of 0.24 s.d. s (95% CI −0.25 to −0.23). Results were similar in females. Modest to moderate attenuation of these associations was seen in both sexes after the addition of relevant covariates. These associations were reduced but remained robust in discordant co-relative pairs, including monozygotic twins. Conclusions Our results suggest that AUD has a causal impact on a range of measures reflective of psychosocial dysfunction. These findings provide strong support for the drift hypothesis. However, some of the associations between AUD and dysfunction appear to be non-causal and result from shared risk factors, many of which are likely familial.
ESTADO NUTRICIONAL E PREVALÊNCIA DE ANEMIA EM CRIANÇAS MENORES DE 36 MESES

Objective: To estimate the prevalence of anemia associated with nutritional status in children under 36 months of age. Methods: This is an observational, cross-sectional, analytical study conducted in 2007 comprising 374 children under 36 months of age enrolled at a municipal day care center. Anthropometric assessment and blood sample collection were performed, being measured Hemoglobin (Hb), serum iron (SFe) and serum ferritin (SF). For statistical analysis, chi-square and Fisher’s exact test were used. Results: The prevalence of anemia among preschool children was of 10.9% (n=19). Inadequate levels of serum ferritin and serum iron were present in 7.5% (n=13) and 27.6% (n=48) of the children, respectively. The children’s nutritional status showed no statistically significant association with anemia. Conclusion: The prevalence of anemia in the studied population features a mild public health problem, without association with the nutritional status. doi:10.5020/18061230.2014. p109
Examining heterotypic continuity of psychopathology: a prospective national study

Background Individuals with one psychiatric disorder are at increased risk for incidence and recurrence of other disorders. We characterize whether the magnitude of such heterotypic continuity varies based on whether the first disorder remits or persists over time. Method Cohorts were selected from participants in the National Epidemiologic Survey on Alcohol and Related Conditions wave 1 (2001–2002) and wave 2 (2004–2005) surveys with ⩾1 mood, anxiety, or substance use disorder at wave 1. Among respondents remitting (n = 6719) or not remitting (n = 3435) from ⩾1 of disorder at wave 2, the analyses compared the odds of developing new disorders. Results As compared with adults whose disorders persisted from wave 1 to wave 2, those with ⩾1 remission had lower odds of incidence or recurrence of another disorder. Remission from alcohol dependence [odds ratio (OR) 0.4, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.3–0.5] and drug dependence (OR 0.4, 95% CI 0.3–0.6) were associated with the lowest odds of incidence of another disorder. Social anxiety disorder was associated with the lowest adjusted odds of recurrence (adjusted OR = 0.2, 95% CI 0.1–0.6). Remission of disorders within one class (mood, anxiety, substance use) was consistently associated with lower odds of incidence or recurrence of disorders from the same class than with developing disorders from the other classes. Conclusions Remission from common psychiatric disorders tends to decrease the risk for incidence or recurrence of disorders and this effect is stronger within than across disorder classes. These results do not support the concept of heterotypic continuity as a substitution of one disorder for another.
Modafinil and cognitive enhancement in schizophrenia and healthy volunteers: the effects of test battery in a randomised controlled trial

Background Cognitive deficits in schizophrenia have major functional impacts. Modafinil is a cognitive enhancer whose effect in healthy volunteers is well-described, but whose effects on the cognitive deficits of schizophrenia appear to be inconsistent. Two possible reasons for this are that cognitive test batteries vary in their sensitivity, or that the phase of illness may be important, with patients early in their illness responding better. Methods A double-blind, randomised, placebo-controlled single-dose crossover study of modafinil 200 mg examined this with two cognitive batteries [MATRICS Consensus Cognitive Battery (MCCB) and Cambridge Neuropsychological Test Automated Battery (CANTAB)] in 46 participants with under 3 years’ duration of DSM-IV schizophrenia, on stable antipsychotic medication. In parallel, the same design was used in 28 age-, sex-, and education-matched healthy volunteers. Uncorrected p values were calculated using mixed effects models. Results In patients, modafinil significantly improved CANTAB Paired Associate Learning, non-significantly improved efficiency and significantly slowed performance of the CANTAB Stockings of Cambridge spatial planning task. There was no significant effect on any MCCB domain. In healthy volunteers, modafinil significantly increased CANTAB Rapid Visual Processing, Intra-Extra Dimensional Set Shifting and verbal recall accuracy, and MCCB social cognition performance. The only significant differences between groups were in MCCB visual learning. Conclusions As in earlier chronic schizophrenia studies, modafinil failed to produce changes in cognition in early psychosis as measured by MCCB. CANTAB proved more sensitive to the effects of modafinil in participants with early schizophrenia and in healthy volunteers. This confirms the importance of selecting the appropriate test battery in treatment studies of cognition in schizophrenia.
Osteoporosis and Vitamin D Deficiency in HIV-Positive Patients

Objective: To review the epidemiology and pathophysiology of osteoporosis in patients with HIV infection and discuss vitamin D deficiency and the treatment of HIV-positive patients with osteoporosis. Data Sources: A search of PubMed (1980–June 2011) was conducted using the terms osteoporosis, HIV, vitamin D deficiency, and treatment. Study Selection and Data Extraction: Epidemiologic studies, clinical trials, and meta-analyses published in English were included. A manual review of the bibliographies of available literature was conducted and relevant articles were reviewed for inclusion. Data Synthesis: Patients with HIV infection are living longer with the use of potent antiretroviral therapy (ART) and are at increased risk for osteoporosis. Several studies have shown that HIV infection can affect bone health and increase the risk for osteoporosis. In addition, ART, and tenofovir in particular, may affect bone turnover. Studies and meta-analyses have shown an increased prevalence of osteopenia and osteoporosis in HIV-positive patients compared to noninfected controls. Recent reports also show increased prevalence of fractures and low vitamin D concentrations in HIV-positive patients. Osteoporosis treatments used in patients with HIV infection are similar to treatments for noninfected patients. HIV-positive patients should be monitored and treated to prevent the progression and complications of osteoporosis. Conclusions: HIV-positive patients are at increased risk for osteoporosis and vitamin D deficiency due to disease and treatment influences on bone health. These patients should be identified and treated to prevent the morbidity and mortality associated with osteoporosis.
Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials Evaluating Prophylactic Intra-Operative Wound Irrigation for the Prevention of Surgical Site Infections.

BACKGROUND Surgical site infections (SSIs) are one of the most common hospital-acquired infections. To reduce SSIs, prophylactic intra-operative wound irrigation (pIOWI) has been advocated, although the results to date are equivocal. To develop recommendations for the new World Health Organization (WHO) SSI prevention guidelines, a systematic literature review and a meta-analysis were conducted on the effectiveness of pIOWI using different agents as a means of reducing SSI. METHODS The PUBMED, Embase, CENTRAL, CINAHL, and WHO databases were searched. Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) comparing either pIOWI with no pIOWI or with pIOWI using different solutions and techniques were retrieved with SSI as the primary outcome. Meta-analyses were performed, and odds ratios (OR) and the mean difference with 95% confidence intervals (CI) were extracted and pooled with a random effects model. RESULTS Twenty-one studies were suitable for analysis, and a distinction was made between intra-peritoneal, mediastinal, and incisional wound irrigation. A low quality of evidence demonstrated a statistically significant benefit for incisional wound irrigation with an aqueous povidone-iodine (PVP-I) solution in clean and clean contaminated wounds (OR 0.31; 95% CI 0.13-0.73; p = 0.007); 50 fewer SSIs per 1,000 procedures (from 19 fewer to 64 fewer)). Antibiotic irrigation had no significant effect in reducing SSIs (OR 1.16; 95% CI 0.64-2.12; p = 0.63). CONCLUSION Low-quality evidence suggests considering the use of prophylactic incisional wound irrigation to prevent SSI with an aqueous povidone-iodine solution. Antibiotic irrigation does not show a benefit and therefore is discouraged.
CONSENSO CHILENO DE REHABILITACIÓN RESPIRATORIA EN EL PACIENTE CON EPOC: INTRODUCCIÓN

En Chile y el mundo, la enfermedad pulmonar obstructiva cronica (EPOC) es un problema de salud publica, debido a su alta prevalencia, su condicion progresiva, el deterioro de la calidad de vida y el gran impacto economico. La rehabilitacion respiratoria (RR) es un tratamiento multidisciplinario y en los pacientes con EPOC permite intervenir el circulo vicioso que limita la capacidad de ejercicio en estos pacientes. Los objetivos de la RR son: reducir los sintomas, mejorar la tolerancia al ejercicio fisico y la calidad de vida. Presentamos el primer Consenso Chileno de Rehabilitacion Respiratoria en pacientes con EPOC. Estas guias tienen por objetivo que la RR pueda aplicarse en todo el pais, tanto en hospitales como en la atencion primaria. Para la elaboracion de este documento, un grupo de neumonologos, kinesiologos, enfermeras, nutricionistas y psicologos realizo un analisis sistematico de la evidencia cientifica disponible hasta diciembre de 20l0. La evidencia fue analizada segun el sistema GRADE (Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation) modificado. El consenso se dividio en capitulos los cuales analizan en profundidad cada uno de los topicos de la RR. Estos incluyen fisiopatologia, evaluacion y programas, entrenamiento muscular de: extremidades inferiores, superiores y musculatura inspiratoria, oxigenoterapia, ventilacion no invasiva, educacion, nutricion, aspectos psicologicos y costo-efectividad.