Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Effect of Berberine on the expression of lipid metabolism-associated gene PPARα and CPTIA

Aim To investigate the effect of Ber on the expression of PPARα gene and its regulatory gene CPTⅠA in HepG2.Methods RT-PCR was taken to evaluate the concentration-effect and time-effect of Ber on the expression of PPARα gene and its regulatory gene CPTⅠA mRNA in the cultured HepG2 cells.Results It was shown that a PPARα agonist,FF significantly promoted CPTⅠA mRNA expression;Ber also promoted CPTⅠA mRNA expression in a concentration-and time-dependent manner,but had no effect on the expression of PPARα mRNA.Specific PPARα antagonist MK-886 could block the roles of FF and Ber mentioned above.Conclusion Ber might promote the expression of lipid metabolism-associated gene CPTⅠA mRNA through stimulating PPARα.
Cognitive Persistence and Executive Function in the Multilingual Brain During Aging

Researchers have debated the extent to which the experience of speaking more than two languages induces long-term neuroplasticity that protects multilinguals from the adverse cognitive effects of aging. In this review, I propose a novel theory that multilingualism affects cognitive persistence, the application of effort to improve performance on challenging tasks. I review recent evidence demonstrating that the cingulo-opercular network, consisting of the bilateral inferior frontal gyrus (IFG) and dorsal anterior cingulate cortex (dACC), supports cognitive persistence. I then show that this same network is involved in multilingual language control and changes with multilingual language experience. While both early and late multilinguals exhibit differences in the cingulo-opercular network compared to monolinguals, I find that early multilinguals have a pattern of decreased dACC activity and increased left IFG activity that may enable more efficient cognitive control, whereas late multilinguals show larger dACC responses to conflict that may be associated with higher cognitive persistence. I further demonstrate that multilingual effects on the cingulo-opercular network are present in older adults and have been implicated in the mitigation of cognitive symptoms in age-related neurodegenerative disorders. Finally, I argue that mixed results in the literature are due, in part, to the confound between cognitive persistence and ability in most executive function tasks, and I provide guidance for separating these processes in future research.
Incentivizing Stable Path Selection in Future Internet Architectures

By delegating path control to end-hosts, future Internet architectures offer flexibility for path selection. However, a concern arises that the distributed routing decisions by endhosts, in particular load-adaptive routing, can lead to oscillations if path selection is performed without coordination or accurate load information. Prior research has addressed this problem by devising local path-selection policies that lead to global stability. However, little is known about the viability of these policies in the Internet context, where selfish end-hosts can deviate from a prescribed policy if such a deviation is beneficial from their individual perspective. In order to achieve network stability in future Internet architectures, it is essential that end-hosts have an incentive to adopt a stability-oriented path-selection policy. In this work, we perform the first incentive analysis of the stability-inducing path-selection policies proposed in the literature. Building on a game-theoretic model of end-host path selection, we show that these policies are in fact incompatible with the self-interest of end-hosts, as these strategies make it worthwhile to pursue an oscillatory path-selection strategy. Therefore, stability in networks with selfish endhosts must be enforced by incentive-compatible mechanisms. We present two such mechanisms and formally prove their incentive compatibility.
Quantification of Factor H Mediated Self vs. Non-self Discrimination by Mathematical Modeling

The complement system is part of the innate immune system and plays an important role in the host defense against infectious pathogens. One of the main effects is the opsonization of foreign invaders and subsequent uptake by phagocytosis. Due to the continuous default basal level of active complement molecules, a tight regulation is required to protect the body's own cells (self cells) from opsonization and from complement damage. A major complement regulator is Factor H, which is recruited from the fluid phase and attaches to cell surfaces where it effectively controls complement activation. Besides self cells, pathogens also have the ability to bind Factor H; they can thus escape opsonization and phagocytosis causing severe infections. In order to advance our understanding of the opsonization process at a quantitative level, we developed a mathematical model for the dynamics of the complement system—termed DynaCoSys model—that is based on ordinary differential equations for cell surface-bound molecules and on partial differential equations for concentration profiles of the fluid phase molecules in the environment of cells. This hybrid differential equation approach allows to model the complement cascade focusing on the role of active C3b in the fluid phase and on the cell surface as well as on its inactivation on the cell surface. The DynaCoSys model enables us to quantitatively predict the conditions under which Factor H mediated complement evasion occurs. Furthermore, investigating the quantitative impact of model parameters by a sensitivity analysis, we identify the driving processes of complement activation and regulation in both the self and non-self regime. The two regimes are defined by a critical Factor H concentration on the cell surface and we use the model to investigate the differential impact of complement model parameters on this threshold value. The dynamic modeling on the surface of pathogens are further relevant to understand pathophysiological situations where Factor H mutants and defective Factor H binding to target surfaces results in pathophysiology such as renal and retinal disease. In the future, this DynaCoSys model will be extended to also enable evaluating treatment strategies of complement-related diseases.
Research Progress in Insect Cold Hardines

Climate change will often lead to the fluctuation of insect populations,because insect is poikilothermic animals.Cold hardiness becomes a crucial strategy of insects.It largely determines the distribution,abundance and developmental rates of insect population.Here we summarize the literature about insect cold hardiness in order to make others convenient to know this field. \;The supercooling point(SCP)is perhaps the most common index of invertebrate cold hardiness and is often the first measurement to be made when the cold tolerance of a given species is to be investigated.Underlying the assumption that the SCP is an accurate indicator of cold hardiness,the strategies adopted by insects to survive at low temperature were classified into two types:freezing avoidance and freezing tolerance.In recent years,many scientists have questioned the validity of this viewpoint,because more insect mortality occurred well above the SCP.Therefore,it was suggested that the SCP should not be used as a unique and completely reliable index in determining the cold hardiness of insects.The current freezing avoidance/tolerance classification system has also been extended from two types to five types. \;The cold hardiness of insect is a reflection of insect adaptation to its environement.In temporal and spatial scales,the seasonal climate change results in the seasonal difference in cold hardiness,and the latitudinal difference also leads to geographical variation in cold hardiness.Low temperature acclimation before cold stress significantly increases the old hardiness of insects.In addition,the physiological and biochemical process in response to low temperature enhance insect's adaptation to extreme low temperature,which makes it possible to survive in the harsh winter climate.Both the degrees of freezing tolerance and supercooling increase by the accumulation of Low\|molecular\|weight cryoprotectant substances,e.g.glycerol.Ice nucleating agents have special functions in freezing tolerant insects,but have to be removed or biochemically masked in freezing intolerant species.Antifreezing proteins stabilize the supercooled state of insects and may prevent the inoculation of ice from outside through the cuticle. \;Current research progress has given the explanation to the cold hardiness concerning about the molecular stucture of antifreezing proteins,which will promote the cold hardiness studies at molecular level.Moreover,a better understanding of the cold hardiness of individual species requires the consideration of factors that are involved in life history strategies of insects.
Statistical model for MIMO propagation channel in cavities and random media

We present a physics-based channel matrix that establishes the connection between electromagnetism and information theory. The approach is based on impedance matrices and related to the scattering matrix formulation. Cavities and random media support a wave chaotic behaviour that yields an exponential proliferation of multiple paths due to the presence of multiple reflection or scattering. It is shown that fading can be included using the random coupling model (RCM). This model leads to theoretical and numerical predictions of the probability density function of the mutual information in large and complex electromagnetic environments. The effect of losses and modal density on channel capacity can thus be explored and channel hardening bounds quantified.
Clinically Precedented Protein Kinases: Rationale for Their Use in Neurodegenerative Disease

Kinases are an intensively studied drug target class in current pharmacological research as evidenced by the large number of kinase inhibitors being assessed in clinical trials. Kinase-targeted therapies have potential for treatment of a broad array of indications including central nervous system (CNS) disorders. In addition to the many variables which contribute to identification of a successful therapeutic molecule, drug discovery for CNS-related disorders also requires significant consideration of access to the target organ and specifically crossing the blood-brain barrier (BBB). To date, only a small number of kinase inhibitors have been reported that are specifically designed to be BBB permeable, which nonetheless demonstrates the potential for success. This review considers the potential for kinase inhibitors in the context of unmet medical need for neurodegenerative disease. A subset of kinases that have been the focus of clinical investigations over a 10-year period have been identified and discussed individually. For each kinase target, the data underpinning the validity of each in the context of neurodegenerative disease is critically evaluated. Selected molecules for each kinase are identified with information on modality, binding site and CNS penetrance, if known. Current clinical development in neurodegenerative disease are summarized. Collectively, the review indicates that kinase targets with sufficient rationale warrant careful design approaches with an emphasis on improving brain penetrance and selectivity.
Wind Tunnel Experiments on Double Delta Wing Model

This paper presents the results of a static wind tu nel experiments carried out on a double delta wing of 65 /25 configuration in Universiti Teknologi Malaysia Low Speed Wind Tunnel (UTMLST). In this project, two measurement techniques w ere employed on the model. The fist technique was the s atic balance data followed by flow visualization technique using smoke and tufts. The experiments were carried out at 5 differ ent angles of attack and 3 different Reynolds numbers of 0.5, 1.0 and 1.13 x 10 based on mean aerodynamic chord respectively. This paper provides a better insight into the complexity of fl ow behaviours above double delta-shaped wing. More experiments or numerical study using modern measurement techniques are neces sary in the future.
Patterns of Etruscan Urbanism

This paper examines the patterns of Etruscan urbanism by the innovative use of newly available rural data, employing rank size, and indices of centralization. The detailed case study looks at the development of urbanism of pre-Roman Etruria where both robust and delicate urbanism were present alongside one another. To achieve this end, the paper will draw on the complementary features of two recent articles—Redhouse and Stoddart (2011) and Palmisano et al. (2018)—to provide a synthesis that both examines the large places and the supporting rural settlement. The territorial boundaries of the major urban places were predicted by the XTENT model in the first article. The cumulative numbers of rural settlement (and other proxies of population) over time were examined in the second article. This paper will look at the regional variation in landscape organization within the predicted territorial boundaries of the major robust centres and the more delicate transitory centres, as well as the buffer zones in between. At least three phases of boundary development can be examined, equivalent broadly to the Iron Age, Orientalizing/Archaic and Post Archaic periods, seeking to match these with the correspondingly dated rural settlement. The results will be critically examined in terms of broader knowledge of the economic and political development from current fieldwork in Etruria. The ethnographic analysis of Kopytoff (1989) will also be applied to assess the application of the internal African frontier to the central Italian context. In this way, the quantitative will be matched with the qualitative to provide a deeper understanding of urban development in an under-assessed example within the Mediterranean world.
3D human airway segmentation from high hesolution MR imaging

In this article we present a method to extract the human airway tree from MR image. The assesment of morphometric data of bronchi is useful to estimate many diseases severity. Nowadays, the measurements are realized on CT scan which expose the patient to ionizing radiation. MRI radiation-free technique has never been used so far to extract the human bronchi because of insufficient signal and contrast. We propose in this article a processing chain to perform the 3D segmentation of the human airway tree from MR image. From this segmentation we can extract quantitative measurements on the airway, similarly to CT scan segmented airway trees. Finally we will present the results of a clinical study to prove those measurements are relevant. Replacing CT scan by MRI to assess airway diseases is mandatory for many applications (young people imaging, repeated measurements to follow-up a response to a treatment, .) for which ionizing acquisition should be avoided. Thus, the results presented in this article open many perspectives related to lung diseases study.
Bioengineering of Microalgae: Recent Advances, Perspectives, and Regulatory Challenges for Industrial Application

Microalgae, due to their complex metabolic capacity, are being continuously explored for nutraceuticals, pharmaceuticals, and other industrially important bioactives. However, suboptimal yield and productivity of the bioactive of interest in local and robust wild-type strains are of perennial concerns for their industrial applications. To overcome such limitations, strain improvement through genetic engineering could play a decisive role. Though the advanced tools for genetic engineering have emerged at a greater pace, they still remain underused for microalgae as compared to other microorganisms. Pertaining to this, we reviewed the progress made so far in the development of molecular tools and techniques, and their deployment for microalgae strain improvement through genetic engineering. The recent availability of genome sequences and other omics datasets form diverse microalgae species have remarkable potential to guide strategic momentum in microalgae strain improvement program. This review focuses on the recent and significant improvements in the omics resources, mutant libraries, and high throughput screening methodologies helpful to augment research in the model and non-model microalgae. Authors have also summarized the case studies on genetically engineered microalgae and highlight the opportunities and challenges that are emerging from the current progress in the application of genome-editing to facilitate microalgal strain improvement. Toward the end, the regulatory and biosafety issues in the use of genetically engineered microalgae in commercial applications are described.
Fabrication of Zinc Oxidenanorods Based Gas Sensor

: Zinc oxide (ZnO) nanorods are considered as most suitable materials for the fabrication of gas sensors due to their high sensing properties. In this research a simple gas sensor has been fabricated based upon the principle of change in resistivity due to oxygen vacancies which make its surface chemically and electrically active. When charge accepting molecules adsorb at the vacanciessignificant variation appears in conductivity. A comb like structure was made on a substrate through photolithography. Gold was sputtered on the substrate for making contacts as well as catalyst for ZnO nanorods. Chromium was used as adhesive layer prior to gold sputtering. For ZnO nanorods growth hydrothermal method was adopted. The as prepared Zn Onanostructures, distribution and morphologies were characterized by scanning electron microscope (SEM) and x-ray diffraction. The SEM reveals the wurtzite hexagonal crystalline nanostructure grown along the [0001] direction. The ZnO nanosensor was tested for different concentrations of ethanol gas and different operating temperatures. The resistance between the two contacts has beenevaluated as a function oftemperature and gas concentration. The best sensor response was recorded at operating temperature of 300°C.
Damage monitoring framework based on probability modeling under varying structural boundary conditions

A key challenge for the practical application of aircraft structural health monitoring (SHM) is to realize reliable damage monitoring under time-varying conditions. To deal with this challenge, a damage monitoring framework based on probability modeling is proposed to provide a modular architecture with high generalization capability. In this framework, double probability models combining short term and long term SHM information are updated dynamically and an improved probability modelling method is proposed to construct models in a stable, adaptive and efficient way. Finally, the probability similarity of models is measured to realize normalized and reliable damage detection under time-varying conditions. The framework applied with the guided wave-based SHM technology is validated by the hole-edge cracks monitoring of an aircraft wing spar and the cracks are monitored reliably under varying structural boundary conditions.
Mechanical Aspects of Robot Hands, Active Hand Orthoses, and Prostheses: A Comparative Review

The large interest in robot hands and active hand prostheses has in recent years been joined by that in active hand orthoses. Despite the differences in intended uses, these three categories of artificial hand devices share key characteristics. Examination of the commonalities could stimulate future design. Thus, in this article, we undertook a comparative review of publications describing robot hands, active prostheses, and active orthoses, with a focus on mechanical structure, actuation principle, and transmission. Out of a total of 510 papers identified through the literature search, 72 publications were included in a focused examination. We identified trends in the design of artificial hands and gaps in the literature. After comparing their mechanical aspects, we propose recommendations for future development.
WATER TREATMENT IN INDUSTRIES BY USING METAL DOPED

1,2,3Asst Prof ,EEE, GIET Engineering college, Rajahmundry, AP ---------------------------------------------------------------------***-------------------------------------------------------------------Abstract—This paper portrays the preparation of Magnesium doped (3%,4%) zinc oxide NanoParticles by using SOL-GEL method. The structural characterization of the sample was investigated by X-ray diffraction, FE-SEM and FTIR,UV. The XRD results shows the decrease in crystallite size of zinc oxide doping with Magnesium which is 23nm. The FT-IR showed the formation of functional groups like O-H stretching, O-H bending, CO adsorption on the surface of oxide, Zn–O bond and characteristic stretching mode of Mg-O. FE-SEM studies of MgZnO synthesized nanoparticles are homogeneous, uniformly distributed over the surface and good connectivity between the particles containing the mixer of spheroid-like and rod-like particles in which spheroid-like particles are dominant with grain size around 38-70 nm. UV-VIS studies are showing that the absorption of Mg doped ZnO is higher than the pure ZnO. Waste water from textile, paper and some other industrial processes are usually highly colored, toxic, carcinogenic or mutagenic. These coloured compounds are not only aesthetically displeasing but also inhibiting sunlight penetration into the stream and affecting aquatic ecosystem. In this paper we are going to discuss about the metal doped semi-conductors in industries to eradicate this problem to the better extent with the available chemicals that have robust chemical properties in an efficient way and less duration.
Recent Update of HDAC Inhibitors in Lymphoma

Modulating epigenetic modification has been recognized for over a decade as an effective therapeutic approach to cancer and many studies of histone deacetylase (HDAC), one of the best known epigenetic modulators, have been published. HDAC modulates cell proliferation and angiogenesis and plays an essential role in cell growth. Research shows that up-regulated HDACs are present in many cancer types and synthetic or natural HDAC inhibitors have been used to silence overregulated HDACs. Inhibiting HDACs may cause arrest of cell proliferation, angiogenesis reduction and cell apoptosis. Recent studies indicate that HDAC inhibitors can provide a therapeutic effect in various cancers, such as B-cell lymphoma, leukemia, multiple myeloma and some virus-associated cancers. Some evidence has demonstrated that HDAC inhibitors can increase the expression of immune-related molecules leading to accumulation of CD8 + T cells and causing unresponsive tumor cells to be recognized by the immune system, reducing tumor immunity. This may be a solution for the blockade of PD-1. Here, we review the emerging development of HDAC inhibitors in various cancer treatments and reduction of tumor immunity.
House of Lords Committee on Food, Poverty, Health and the Environment Written evidence submitted by the Centre for Diet and Activity Research

Executive summary  In the UK, differences in dietary quality across the socioeconomic spectrum contribute towards inequalities in health outcomes.  Food insecurity has been attributed to the rising cost of living alongside low and unstable incomes.  Food insecurity is rising in the UK, and national surveillance is required to monitor the prevalence.  Studies suggest that the higher cost of a healthy and varied diet, food and drink marketing, and access to hot food takeaway outlets exacerbate dietary inequalities.  Local authorities may be able to promote healthier eating in local populations by restricting takeaway food outlet access and regulating outdoor food advertising.  Using education programmes for retailers, different salt shakers, and reduced portion sizes may help takeaway outlets serve healthier food.  Our research into supermarket policies shows that changing supermarket environments can help people eat better, but are unlikely to address problems of dietary inequality.  There is no magic bullet to eradicate food insecurity; equitable improvements will demand a combination of varied, simultaneous interventions and substantial political will.