Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Nutritional diagnosis of patients with hepatocellular carcinoma: what is the best method?

INTRODUCTION malnutrition is a frequent finding among cancer patients. Despite its prognostic significance, there are still few studies evaluating the nutritional status of patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). OBJECTIVES to evaluate the nutritional status of patients with HCC by different methods. METHODS patients with HCC were evaluated in an outpatient clinic at the Hospital Santa Casa de Misericórdia de Porto Alegre. The methods used for the nutritional assessment were body mass index (BMI), tricipital skinfold (TSF), arm circumference (AC), arm muscle circumference (AMC), hand grip strength (HGS), adductor pollicis muscle (APM), patient-generated subjective global assessment (PG-SGA) and phase angle (PA). RESULTS forty-three patients with HCC were evaluated; all of them were cirrhotic. The mean age was 64.0 ± 5.8 years and the prevalent gender was male (72.1%). APM, PA, PG-SGA and AMC were the most sensitive methods for the diagnosis of malnutrition. There was a negative correlation between TSF and Child-Pugh score (p = 0.004) and a positive correlation between APM and BCLC stage (Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer Group) (p = 0.006). CONCLUSIONS there was high variation in the diagnosis of malnutrition among the methods studied. APM, AMC, PA and PG-SGA can be indicated as tools of choice in the nutritional assessment of the HCC patient because they were the most sensitive methods in the diagnosis of malnutrition. TSF and APM correlate with disease severity.
Effects of maternal 25-hydroxycholecalciferol on nutrient digestibility, milk composition and fatty-acid profile of lactating sows and gut bacterial metabolites in the hindgut of suckling piglets

ABSTRACT To investigate the effects of maternal 25-hydroxycholecalciferol (25OHD3) supplementation during lactation on nutrient digestibility and milk composition of sows and gut bacterial metabolites and their metabolites in the hindgut of suckling piglets, 24 Large White × Landrace sows were assigned randomly to one of two dietary treatments (Diet ND: 2000 IU vitamin D3/kg feed; Diet 25-D: 50 μg 25OHD3/kg feed). The experiment began on d 107 of gestation and continued until weaning on d 21 of lactation. Maternal 25OHD3 supplementation increased (p < 0.05) total litter weight gain during lactation. Milk fat content, immunoglobulin G level on d 21 of lactation and 25OHD3 concentration on d 7, 14, and 21 of lactation were higher (p < 0.05) in sows fed with 25OHD3. Apparent total tract digestibility of dietary calcium was higher (p < 0.05) in 25-D sows than ND sows. With respect to fatty-acid profile, C16:0 and saturated fatty acids in milk were higher (p < 0.05), but C20:4n-6, the ratios of monounsaturated fatty acids to saturated fatty acids and polyunsaturated fatty acids to saturated fatty acids were lower (p < 0.05) in 25-D sows than ND sows. 25OHD3 supplementation increased the mRNA expressions of acetyl-CoA carboxylase α and fatty-acid synthase in the mammary gland of lactating sows. For gut bacterial metabolites, concentration of butyrate in the caecal digesta was higher (p < 0.05) in piglets suckling 25-D sows than piglets suckling ND sows. In conclusion, 25OHD3 supplementation in maternal diets changed dietary calcium digestibility, milk composition and milk fatty-acid profile of lactating sows and altered gut bacterial metabolites in the hindgut of suckling piglets.
Studies in JET Divertors of Varied Geometry II: Impurity Seeded Plasmas

In current large tokamaks, non-intrinsic seeded impurities have been used to produce divertor power loads which would be considered acceptable when extrapolated to ITER. Many devices have achieved the goals of high fractional radiated powers, small frequent ELMs and detachment which are characteristic of radiative H mode regimes. The influence of divertor geometry on these characteristics is described. It has been a matter of concern that the Zeff associated with the seeded impurities may exceed that allowable in ITER and also that the degradation in energy confinement may be unacceptable. Confidence can only be built in the prediction of these parameters in ITER if reliable scalings are available for impurity content and energy confinement which have a sound physics basis. Work is described at JET in this area whilst using multimachine data to characterize the size scaling and provide a context for the JET data. Predicted levels for the impurity content of seeded ITER plasmas appear to be of marginal acceptability. Discharges run in the JET Mark I, Mark IIA and Mark IIAP divertors are compared and indicate that increased divertor closure has brought relatively minor benefits in highly radiative discharges. The acceptability of the energy confinement of radiation for ITER remains unclear. Dimensionless parameter scaling experiments have been conducted in which β, q25, fractional radiated power and Zeff are held constant for a range of ρ*. The price paid for high edge radiation and small ELMs appears to be a 25% loss in total stored energy as a result of edge pedestal degradation. However, the underlying energy confinement scaling may still be consistent with gyro-Bohm scaling, which would give an adequate margin for ITER. This conclusion is, however, sensitive to the scaling of confinement with collisionality, which is difficult to determine due to the coupling between ρ* and ν* which is a consequence of radiation dominated regimes.
Star formation in mergers with cosmologically motivated initial conditions

We use semi-analytic models and cosmological merger trees to provide the initial conditions for multimerger numerical hydrodynamic simulations, and exploit these simulations to explore the effect of galaxy interaction and merging on star formation (SF). We compute numerical realizations of 12 merger trees from z = 1.5 to 0. We include the effects of the large hot gaseous halo around all galaxies, following recent observations and predictions of galaxy formation models. We find that including the hot gaseous halo has a number of important effects. First, as expected, the star formation rate on long time-scales is increased due to cooling of the hot halo and refuelling of the cold gas reservoir. Secondly, we find that interactions do not always increase the SF in the long term. This is partially due to the orbiting galaxies transferring gravitational energy to the hot gaseous haloes and raising their temperature. Finally, we find that the relative size of the starburst, when including the hot halo, is much smaller than previous studies showed. Our simulations also show that the order and timing of interactions are important for the evolution of a galaxy. When multiple galaxies interact at the same time, the SF enhancement is less than when galaxies interact in series. All these effects show the importance of including hot gas and cosmologically motivated merger trees in galaxy evolution models.
Soil Cover Effects on Yield and Some Physiological Characteristics of Marigold (Calendula officinalis L.) under Methanol Foliar Application

This study was conducted to assay the effects of methanol foliar application (0, 10, 20 and 30% v/v) and bed cover (control, white and black covers) on yield and some physiological traits of marigold as a factorial based on RCBD. The results revealed the significant interaction effects of bed cover and methanol foliar application on chlorophyll a content and plant height. The highest plant height was belonged to black mulch × methanol (except for 30% methanol). The highest chlorophyll a content (2.3 mg g-1 FW) was attained by black mulch × 30% methanol. Chlorophyll b content was influenced by soil cover and the highest chlorophyll b content (1.1 mg g-1 FW) was recorded with black mulch. The flowers and leaves dry weight as well as relative water content and total soluble solids content were affected by the treatments and, the highest data for flower dry weight (116 g) was in 30% foliar spray and black mulch (103.6 g). The highest data for total soluble solids content (120 °Brix) and relative water content (49.7%) were recorded with 30% methanol foliar application and by black soil cover. For root-dry weight (15.3 g) and total phenolics content (95.05 mg GA g-1 Dwt), black mulch was the treatment of choice.
Filled pauses in Hungarian: Their phonetic form and function

Filled pauses are natural occurrences in spontaneous speech and they may turn up at any level of the speech planning process and in a number of functions. The aim of this paper is to find out whether the diverse functions of filled pauses correlate with diverse articulations resulting in diverse acoustic structures. Spontaneous narratives are used as research material. The duration of the filled pauses and the frequency values of their first two formants are analyzed. The most frequent form, schwa, shows function-dependent realizations as confirmed by the durational values and by the second formant values of these vowel-like sounds.
THE ENVIRONMENTAL DEPENDENCE OF THE FRACTION OF 'UNCONVENTIONAL' GALAXIES: LUMINOUS LATE-TYPES AND FAINT EARLY-TYPES

Using the volume-limited main galaxy sample constructed from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey Data Release 7 (SDSS DR7), we have explored the environmental dependence of the fraction of ‘unconventional’ galaxies: luminous late-types and faint early-types. It is found that the fraction of faint early-types increases substantially with increasing local density, and that the fraction of luminous latetypes weakly decreases with increasing local density. This shows that there is an environmental dependence for morphology beyond that for luminosity.
Uncertainty During New Disease Outbreaks in Wikipedia

Wikipedia relies on a community of editors who construct articles related to various topics such as new disease outbreaks. New disease outbreaks are often characterized by emergent and changing information which, in turn, require Wikipedia editors to spend time and effort to retrieve and understand information that is sometimes ambiguous, complex, and contradictory. This makes a good case study for identifying different types of uncertainty, as well as delineating strategies for managing uncertainty. Despite recent research that explores how the general population expresses uncertainty during crisis events on social media platforms, limited work has focused explicitly on how Wikipedia editors express uncertainty while editing articles when knowledge or background information is either incomplete or unknown. Thus, the goals of this study are to identify types of uncertainty expressed by Wikipedia editors during new disease outbreaks, and examine different strategies deployed by Wikipedia editors to manage uncertainty. Our findings may be used to build a theoretically and empirically-driven framework to better understand and manage uncertainty on Wikipedia.
Energy Storage System Based on Cascaded Multilevel Inverter with Decoupled Energy Balancing Control

This paper presents a three phase cascaded multilevel inverter based supercapacitor (SC) energy storage system with novel structure and control strategy to maintain the energy balance of between phases. Every two phases are coupled with a series LC filter. With the filter, SC cells in different phases could exchange energy with an auxiliary power flow at high frequency. The auxiliary power flow is orthogonal to the primary power flow. The phase difference between high frequency voltage and current components of each phase determines whether the energy is absorbed into or released from its SC cells. Unlike traditional energy balancing strategies, the proposed method is independent to the fundamental real power drawn by the energy storage system. Simulation results confirmed the effects of proposed theories.
Adaptive Memory-Side Last-level GPU Caching

Emerging GPU applications exhibit increasingly high computation demands which has led GPU manufacturers to build GPUs with an increasingly large number of streaming multiprocessors (SMs). Providing data to the SMs at high bandwidth puts significant pressure on the memory hierarchy and the Network-on-Chip (NoC). Current GPUs typically partition the memory-side last-level cache (LLC) in equally-sized slices that are shared by all SMs. Although a shared LLC typically results in a lower miss rate, we find that for workloads with high degrees of data sharing across SMs, a private LLC leads to a significant performance advantage because of increased bandwidth to replicated cache lines across different LLC slices. In this paper, we propose adaptive memory-side last-level GPU caching to boost performance for sharing-intensive workloads that need high bandwidth to read-only shared data. Adaptive caching leverages a lightweight performance model that balances increased LLC bandwidth against increased miss rate under private caching. In addition to improving performance for sharing-intensive workloads, adaptive caching also saves energy in a (co-designed) hierarchical two-stage crossbar NoC by power-gating and bypassing the second stage if the LLC is configured as a private cache. Our experimental results using 17 GPU workloads show that adaptive caching improves performance by 28.1% on average (up to 38.1%) compared to a shared LLC for sharing-intensive workloads. In addition, adaptive caching reduces NoC energy by 26.6% on average (up to 29.7%) and total system energy by 6.1% on average (up to 27.2%) when configured as a private cache. Finally, we demonstrate through a GPU NoC design space exploration that a hierarchical two-stage crossbar is both more power- and area-efficient than full and concentrated crossbars with the same bisection bandwidth, thus providing a low-cost cooperative solution to exploit workload sharing behavior in memory-side last-level caches.
Loss of ARID1A in Tumor Cells Renders Selective Vulnerability to Combined Ionizing Radiation and PARP Inhibitor Therapy

Purpose: Somatic inactivating mutations in ARID1A, a component of the SWI/SNF chromatin remodeling complex, are detected in various types of human malignancies. Loss of ARID1A compromises DNA damage repair. The induced DNA damage burden may increase reliance on PARP-dependent DNA repair of cancer cells to maintain genome integrity and render susceptibility to PARP inhibitor therapy. Experimental Design: Isogenic ARID1A−/− and wild-type cell lines were used for assessing DNA damage response, DNA compactness, and profiling global serine/threonine phosphoproteomic in vivo. A panel of inhibitors targeting DNA repair pathways was screened for a synergistic antitumor effect with irradiation in ARID1A−/− tumors. Results: ARID1A-deficient endometrial cells exhibit sustained levels in DNA damage response, a result further supported by in vivo phosphoproteomic analysis. Our results show that ARID1A is essential for establishing an open chromatin state upon DNA damage, a process required for recruitment of 53BP1 and RIF1, key mediators of non-homologous end-joining (NHEJ) machinery, to DNA lesions. The inability of ARID1A−/− cells to mount NHEJ repair results in a partial cytotoxic response to radiation. Small-molecule compound screens revealed that PARP inhibitors act synergistically with radiation to potentiate cytotoxicity in ARID1A−/− cells. Combination treatment with low-dose radiation and olaparib greatly improved antitumor efficacy, resulting in long-term remission in mice bearing ARID1A-deficient tumors. Conclusions: ARID1A-deficient cells acquire high sensitivity to PARP inhibition after exposure to exogenously induced DNA breaks such as ionizing radiation. Our findings suggest a novel biologically informed strategy for treating ARID1A-deficient malignancies.
Replication-Defective West Nile Virus with NS1 Deletion as a New Vaccine Platform for Flavivirus

Many flaviviruses are significant human pathogens that frequently cause outbreaks and epidemics around the world. Development of novel vaccine platforms against these pathogens is a public health priority. Using WNV as a model, we developed a new vaccine platform for flaviviruses. WNV containing a NS1 deletion (WNV-ΔNS1) could be efficiently trans complemented in Vero cells that constitutively expressed WT NS1 protein. A single-dose immunization with WNV-ΔNS1 elicited robust immune responses in mice. The immunized animals were fully protected against pathogenic WNV infection. No adverse effects related to the WNV-ΔNS1 vaccination were observed. The results have demonstrated the potential of the NS1 complementation system as an alternative platform for flavivirus vaccine development, especially for highly pathogenic flaviviruses. ABSTRACT We previously produced a replication-defective West Nile virus (WNV) lacking NS1 (WNV-ΔNS1) that could propagate at low levels (105 infectious units [IU]/ml) in a 293T cell line expressing wild-type (WT) NS1. This finding indicates the potential of developing WNV-ΔNS1 as a noninfectious vaccine. To explore this idea, we developed an NS1-expressing Vero cell line (VeroNS1) that significantly improved the yield of WNV-ΔNS1 (108 IU/ml). We evaluated the safety and efficacy of WNV-ΔNS1 in mice. WNV-ΔNS1 appeared to be safe, as no replicative virus was found in naive Vero cells after continuous culturing of WNV-ΔNS1 in VeroNS1 cells for 15 rounds. WNV-ΔNS1 was noninfectious in mice, even when IFNAR−/− mice were administered a high dose of WNV-ΔNS1. Vaccination with a single dose of WNV-ΔNS1 protected mice from a highly lethal challenge with WT WNV. The antibody response against WNV correlated well with the protection of vaccinated mice. Our study demonstrates the potential of the NS1 trans complementation system as a new platform for flavivirus vaccine development. IMPORTANCE Many flaviviruses are significant human pathogens that frequently cause outbreaks and epidemics around the world. Development of novel vaccine platforms against these pathogens is a public health priority. Using WNV as a model, we developed a new vaccine platform for flaviviruses. WNV containing a NS1 deletion (WNV-ΔNS1) could be efficiently trans complemented in Vero cells that constitutively expressed WT NS1 protein. A single-dose immunization with WNV-ΔNS1 elicited robust immune responses in mice. The immunized animals were fully protected against pathogenic WNV infection. No adverse effects related to the WNV-ΔNS1 vaccination were observed. The results have demonstrated the potential of the NS1 complementation system as an alternative platform for flavivirus vaccine development, especially for highly pathogenic flaviviruses.
The Importance of Heat Conduction and Viscosity in Solar Corona and Comparison of Magnetohydrodynamic Equations of One-Fluid and Two-Fluid Structure in Current Sheet

Magnetic reconnection (MR) plays an important role in solar flares, coronal heating and geomagnetic substorms. A number of magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) discontinuities can be produced by MR. Previous studies showed that the heat conductivity parallel to the magnetic field was much larger than the perpendicular conductivity. On the other hand recent SOHO observations have shown that perpendicular heat conductivity plays an important role in an MR region. In this paper numerical simulations that take into account the effects of both parallel and perpendicular heat conductivities are presented. When the viscosity parameter was added, real shock formation under jump conditions was not observed. While temperature is increasing smoothly, a cut-off shape in initial and final limits of the shock wave was calculated for density and pressure. In this paper a comprehensive simulation of the one-fluid structure is presented. Extension of this work to simulations of two-fluid structure is proposed.
Sustainability and Agri-Environmental Policy in the European Union: A Meta-Analytic Investigation

The world olive oil market has experienced dramatic changes during the last decade which have resulted, inter alia, in the rapid quantitative and qualitative expansion of world supply and demand, and a significant intensification of horizontal and vertical competition along the product's marketing chain. The European Union (EU) is the major participant in the international olive oil market, accounting for 80 per cent of world production, 70 per cent of world consumption, and 50 per cent of world trade. The available information indicates that the future competitive scenario for EU olive oil will be shaped principally by two types of factors: the market dynamics and business strategies; and the ongoing agricultural and trade policy reform processes. Methodology research uses the Strengths-Weaknesses-Opportunities-Threats (SWOT) technique which is a common tool for the evaluation of economic and policy processes. The EU olive oil industry also has to adopt strategies in order to face its weaknesses and vulnerabilities.
A Deep Approach for Classifying Artistic Media from Artworks

We present a deep CNN-based approach for classifying artistic media from artwork images. We aim to classify most frequently used artistic media including oilpaint brush, watercolor brush, pencil and pastel, etc. For this purpose, we extend VGGNet, one of the most widely used CNN structure, by substituting its last layer with a fully convolutional layer, which reveals class activation map (CAM), the region of classification. We build two artwork image datasets: YMSet that collects more than 4K artwork images for four most frequently used artistic media from various internet websites and WikiSet that collects almost 9K artwork images for ten most frequently used media from WikiArt. We execute a human baseline experiment to compare the classification performance. Through our experiments, we conclude that our classifier is superior in classifying artistic media to human.
Perceptron-Based Prefetch Filtering

Hardware prefetching is an effective technique for hiding cache miss latencies in modern processor designs. Prefetcher performance can be characterized by two main metrics that are generally at odds with one another: coverage, the fraction of baseline cache misses which the prefetcher brings into the cache; and accuracy, the fraction of prefetches which are ultimately used. An overly aggressive prefetcher may improve coverage at the cost of reduced accuracy. Thus, performance may be harmed by this over-aggressiveness because many resources are wasted, including cache capacity and bandwidth. An ideal prefetcher would have both high coverage and accuracy. In this paper, we introduce Perceptron-based Prefetch Filtering (PPF) as a way to increase the coverage of the prefetches generated by an underlying prefetcher without negatively impacting accuracy. PPF enables more aggressive tuning of the underlying prefetcher, leading to increased coverage by filtering out the growing numbers of inaccurate prefetches such an aggressive tuning implies. We also explore a range of features to use to train PPF's perceptron layer to identify inaccurate prefetches. PPF improves performance on a memory-intensive subset of the SPEC CPU 2017 benchmarks by 3.78% for a single-core configuration, and by 11.4% for a 4-core configuration, compared to the underlying prefetcher alone.