Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Reproductive ecology and body size-fecundity relationships of the Green Toad, Pseudepidalea viridis (Laurenti, 1768), in the Kocaçay Stream, İzmir, Turkey

Abstract We studied the breeding biology of the Green Toad, Pseudepidalea viridis (Laurenti, 1768), in the 2007–2008 breeding seasons at Kocaçay Stream. The breeding period began in early February and lasted approximately two months. The median of the breeding seasons was calculated as 5tMarch for the entire study period 2007–2008. The average clutch size was 14,594 eggs and this value was higher than in other conspecific populations from Denmark, Israel and Italy. Clutch size and clutch mass were significantly correlated with female body size, but single egg mass and egg diameter were not. A negative significant correlation was seen between clutch size and egg diameter.
A Big Data Mining – A Review

- Big Data is a new term used to mention large scale data set that due to their large in size and complexity. We cannot able to processes those datasets with traditional relational database management systems or data mining software. Big data mining is the capability of extracting useful information from those large datasets or real time streams of data, that due to its size and speed. The Big data challenge is becoming one of the most existing opportunities. In this paper, we explore the issue and a broad overview of Big data and its current state.
An investigation into the structure and localisation of the bacterial twin arginine translocase (Tat) complexes by electron microscopy

The twin arginine translocase (Tat) pathway is expressed in the inner membrane of both Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria. The model organism for each of these bacteria is Escherichia coli and Bacillus subtilis, respectively. In B. subtilis the Tat machinery is comprised of only TatA and TatC subunits. Namely, TatAdCd and TatAyCy translocases, which act in parallel, yet possess different substrate specificities. Little structural information is known about these multimeric integral membrane protein complexes owing to the difficulty in their purifications, small size and compositional heterogeneity. A primary structural investigation was performed on TatAyCy to gauge the true molecular weight and heterogeneity of this complex, providing fundamental insight into the effect that detergent solubilisation can have on a detergent-solubilised protein. Therefore, I circumvented the use of detergent and analysed Tat machinery in its native cellular environment. To achieve this, I developed a novel combinatorial approach of immunogold labelling with the volumetric microscopy technique- array tomography. The E. coli Tat system is comprised of three proteins: TatA, TatB and TatC. TatA is believed to constitute the protein-conducting element of the translocase machinery. However recent structural data has cast doubt on the biological significance of the properties of this protein, and consequently its role in the translocation process. Therefore, by using array tomography, I endeavoured to directly visualise TatA in its native cellular environment to gain insight into the localisation and distribution of this protein in E. coli. TatA was shown to cluster along the inner membrane in a TatBC-dependent manner. This is the first time that any Tat component has been visualised in 3D space, in situ. Additionally, the detailed insight into the exploitation of Tat machinery for the export of high value, biotechnologically-relevant protein was investigated; with a potential for this translocase to be used in cell surface display technologies revealed.
Sequencing of bcfC Gene of Salmonella Typhimurium Isolated from Ducks in Egypt

The main objective of this study was to applying bcfC gene sequence of Salmonella Typhimurium recently isolated from ducks to give insight into the source and origin, molecular epidemiology, disease pattern of Salmonella Typhimurium in Egyptian duck farms. Out of 75 fecal swab samples, 15 (20%) local field isolates were detected and confirmed phenotypically by culturing, gram staining, biochemically and serologically to be Salmonella Typhimurium. The PCR amplification with bcfC gene-specific primers was conducted with genomic DNA, which revealed a product with the approximate size of 467 bp. TheBcfC gene was found in 7 (46.6%) isolates of Salmonella Typhimurium. Phylogenetic and partial gene sequence analysis of bcfC gene of Salmonella Typhimurium showed clear clustering of Egyptian isolates of Salmonella Typhimurium and different Salmonella strains uploaded from GenBank. Sequence identities between the isolated Egyptian strain and different Salmonella Typhimurium strains from GenBank revealed 99.8-100% homology. Open reading frame (ORF) analysis of Salmonella typhimurium bcfC gene using NCBI tool and ORF analysis of bcfC gene protein translation using ExPasy (SIB Bioinformatics Resource Portal) indicated all open reading frames of a specified minimum size in a sequence of (453 bp). The 3 conserved domains region in the nucleotide sequence were PapC N-terminal domain (107-394bp), PRK15193 outer membrane usher protein (56-424bp), and FimD Outer membrane usher protein FimD/PapC (cell motility, extracellular structures, 56-424bp). The PapC N-terminal domain was a structural domain found at the N-terminus of S. typhimurium PapC protein and had a central role in the pili assembly chaperone usher system (CUP). Amino acids alignment report of the sequenced 415 amino acid of Salmonella Typhimurium bcfC gene showed great homology between the Egyptian Salmonella Typhimurium strain and the different Salmonella strains uploaded from GenBank. Nucleotide alignment report of the sequenced Salmonella Typhimurium bcfC gene at (417bp) demonstrated great homology between the Egyptian Salmonella Typhimurium strain and the different Salmonella strains uploaded from GenBank. In conclusion, the Egyptian Salmonella Typhimurium isolate was related to the common sequence types isolated from humans and bovine-based products across the world especially in the United Kingdom, USA, Ireland, and México. Most of the duck farms from which we isolated the Egyptian Salmonella Typhimurium isolates were located in the same geographical area of cattle farms in addition to the duck farms lacked the requirements of biosecurity, which could facilitate the circulatory transmission of salmonella strains between the human beings and other animal farms, including duck farms. Moreover, the PapC N-terminal domain was a central conserved domain encoded by bcfC gene of S. Typhimurium. A PapC N-terminal conserved domain can be used as a vaccine target for vaccine production against S. Typhimurium.
Design , fabrication and measurement of a membrane based quasi-optical THz HEB mixer

In this paper we present our recent development in quasi-optical membrane based superconducting hot electron bolometer (HEB) mixers at 0.6 THz. The phononcooled Niobium Nitride (NbN) HEB coupled to a double slot antenna is processed on a 1.4 μm thick stress-less Si3N4/SiO2 membrane. The mixer block uses an off-axes mirror to focus the terahertz (THz) signal to the antenna and a back-short is placed behind the membrane to increase the gain of the antenna. We have simulated the input impedance of the membrane based double slot antenna and the radiation properties of the quasi-optical mixer with the aid of the full wave electromagnetic solver CST Microwave Studio. Measurements have been performed to obtain the double sideband receiver noise temperature and IF bandwidth. The measurement results will be discussed and compared with those of a thick substrate based HEB mixer.
Opposing tonically active endogenous opioid systems modulate the mesolimbic dopaminergic pathway

Abstract The mesolimbic dopaminergic system has been implicated in mediating the motivational effects of opioids and other drugs of abuse. The site of action of opioids within this system and the role of endogenous opioid peptides in modulating dopamine activity therein remain unknown. Employing the technique of in vivo microdialysis and the administration of highly selective opioid ligands, the present study demonstrates the existence of tonically active and functionally opposing mu and kappa opioid systems that regulate dopamine release in the nucleus accumbens, the major terminal area of A10 dopaminergic neurons. Thus, stimulation of mu-type receptors in the ventral tegmental area, the site of origin of A10 dopaminergic neurons, increases dopamine release whereas the selective blockade of this opioid receptor type results in a significant decrease in basal dopamine release. In contrast, stimulation of kappa-type receptors within the nucleus accumbens decreases dopamine release whereas their selective blockade markedly increases basal dopamine release. These data show that tonic activation of mu and kappa receptors is required for the maintenance of basal dopamine release in the nucleus accumbens. In view of the postulated role of the mesolimbic system in the mediation of drug-induced alterations in mood and affect, such findings may have implications for the treatment of opiate dependence and affective disorders.
Dynamic Variation of Major Pigmentary Substances in Mulberry Fruit During Maturation

In order to provide theoretical reference for improving color of mulberry fruit product and reasonable development and utilization of mulberry fruit pigments,the present study was carried out to investigate the dynamic variation regularity of composition and contents of major pigmentary substances in mulberry fruit during maturation.80% acetone extraction method and pH differential method was employed respectively to determine contents of chlorophyll and total anthocyanins in mulberry fruit of different maturation degrees from three mulberry varieties named Da 10,97-68 and Xuan 26.The results showed that,during maturation of mulberry fruit,chlorophyll content decreased gradually while the content of total anthocyanins increased gradually,among which the content of total anthocyanins in mulberry fruit of Da 10 was 2.2 times to that of 97-68 at the final stage of maturation.It was considered that the difference of cumulated total anthocyanins was one of the reasons that led to color variation of mulberry fruit from different varieties.Detection with high performance liquid chromatography(HPLC) revealed that mulberry fruit mainly contained three kinds of anthocyanin,namely centaury-3-O-glucoside(C3G),centaury-3-O-rutinoside(C3R),and pelargonin-3-O-glucoside(Pg3G) during maturation.Variations of these three components were that: C3G and C3R existed in the whole maturation period,being two major anthocyanin components.Moreover,C3G content showed a trend of gradual increase in the whole maturation period,while C3R content showed a trend of increasing at the beginning,decreasing slightly at the intermediate stage,and increasing rapidly at the final stage of maturation.Pg3G,however,was not detected at the early stage of maturation,and showed a trend of increase and then decrease at the intermediate stage of maturation and a rapid increase at the final stage of maturation.In production,the content variation regularity of major pigmentary substances and cumulative characteristics of anthocyanin compounds in mulberry fruit can be used as good references to determine suitable date for harvesting mulberry fruit.
Electronic Companion of “Dynamic Scheduling of Multiclass Many-server Queues with Abandonment: the Generalized cµ/h Rule”

We prove Theorem 1 in §EC.1. 1. The proof of Proposition 1 about the equivalence of the convergence of Qi and Bi is presented in §EC.1. 2. Then we prove Lemma 1 in §EC.1. 3. We study the asymptotic analysis of the original queueing system in §EC.2. The proofs of the optimality of our proposed policies is placed in §EC.3. In §EC.3. 1, we analyze the flow rates of the fluid model. We provide a proof to the optimality of the target-allocation and the Gcμ/h rule in §EC.3. 2 simultaneously. The optimality of the fixed priority policy is shown in §EC.3. 3. In §EC.4, we develop a dynamic programming algorithm to solve the Fractional 0-1 Knapsack Problem. EC.1. Preliminary Analysis of the Fluid Model In this section, we start with the analysis of the fluid model (1)–(8). Due to the fact that class-i customers arrive at the system with a constant arrival rate i, we can see from (6) that
A Learning-based Bike Rebalancing Scheme with Adaptive User Incentive

Nowadays, major cities have deployed the Bike Sharing Systems (BSSs), attracted by their environmental and economic beneﬁts. The asymmetric bike demand in temporal and spatial domains causes an imbalance in bike distribution which further leads to overﬂow and underﬂow events, for both docked and dock-less BSSs. The overﬂow and underﬂow events may lead to congestion in the city and a lower proﬁt to BSSs, respectively. While challenging, it is necessary to eﬃciently rebalance the BSS in a timely and cost-eﬃcient manner. We investigate the rebal-ancing problem in this paper, and propose to provide both source and/or destination incentives to users to let them rent and/or return bikes at alternative locations. Our objective is to maximize the number of bike usages during a day and maintain the summation of incentives under a given budget. The complex user dynamics in both spatial and temporal domains make it challenging to adaptively determine the prices for both source and destination incentives. We use reinforcement learning techniques to ﬁnd patterns of user dynamics and to determine the incentive prices. Speciﬁcally, we adapt the state-of-the-art reinforcement learning framework for dock-less BSS rebalancing. Diﬀerent from existing research, we make full use of the beneﬁts of destination incentives. In addition, we further extend the reinforcement learning framework to docked BSSs by adding station capacities to the state space of the reinforcement learning agent. We examine the performance of our schemes based on real-world datasets. Our experiment results reveal that the hybrid incentive scheme outperforms the source-incentive-only scheme.
Body composition in patients with Alzheimer's disease and healthy controls

In Alzheimer's disease (AD), decreased physical activity and nutritional problems are parts of the natural course with probable implications on body composition. Body fat and lean body mass were measured with a bioelectrical impedance method in 25 women who had AD according to the criteria of NINCDS- ADRDA and in 63 health age-matched controls. The patients with AD had 9.5 kg lower body weight (p<0.01), due to almost 4.0 kg lower body fat and 6.0 kg lower lean body mass (p<0.001). This might imply a higher risk for morbidity and mortality. Body weight and lean body mass decreased with age in AD patients but not in the healthy control women. In the control group, the unmarried women had more than 13 kg lower body weight and 9 kg lower body fat than the mean values of all other marital status groups (p<0.01). The maintenance of lean body mass in the very healthy old indicate the possibilities for physical activity. (Less)
Comparative Study of Impact of Silicate and Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles on Viscosity of Water Based Drilling Fluid

Drilling fluids, one of many other important things in the petroleum industry that affects the smooth, harmless exploration of oil, when exposed to a high temperature and high pressure situation in drilling lose their rheological properties such as viscosity, etc. to perform their primary purpose of successfully carrying the drill cuttings out of the boreholes or wells been drilled. This research work is aimed at investigating how drilling fluid rheological property can be improved using zinc oxide and Silicate nanoparticles. In order to achieve the objectives of the research work, Water Based Drilling Fluids (WBDF) were prepared using the standard laboratory barrel (350 ml) method from bentonite, xanthan gum and water and the nanoparticles were introduced into the formulation in different concentrations. The rheological properties of the samples were determined using Brookfield rotational viscometer. Also, the structural analysis of the interaction between the nanoparticles and the Xanthan gum were determined using Fourier Transformation Infra-red (FTIR) spectroscopy. The results showed that Zinc oxide and Silicate nanoparticle improved the rheological properties of the water based drilling fluid. The zinc oxide at equal proportion with xanthan gum at 30 rpm shear rate increased the viscosity from 1484.5 to 2752.2mPa. s while the Silicate nanoparticles at equal proportion with xanthan gum at 30 rpm shear rate increased from 1484.5 to 1556.8mPa. s. The results of the structural analysis of the nanoparticles and xanthan gum showed that improvement in the rheological properties of the drilling fluids resulted from the bonds between these nanoparticles and xanthan gum. It is concluded that introduction of Silicate nanoparticles and Zinc oxide (ZnO) nanoparticles improved the rheological performance of water based drilling fluids with xanthan gum additive. However, Zinc oxide (ZnO) nanoparticles exhibited more improvement than the Silicate. AKINYEMI O. P., ALAUSA O. I. 1,2, Chemical Engineering Department, Lagos State University Submission: 23 January 2020 Accepted: 1 February 2020 Published: 29 February 2020 www.ijsrm. humanjournals.com Citation: AKINYEMI O. P. et al. Ijsrm.Human, 2020; Vol. 14 (4): 150-166. 15
Effect of Medication Adherence to Oral Hypoglycemic Drugs on Glycemic Control in Type 2 Diabetic Patients: a Cross Sectional Study

Background: Lack of medication adherence to anti-diabetic therapy causes suboptimal glycemic control and leads to treatment failure and increased mortality from diabetes complications. The study aimed to assess medication adherence among type 2 diabetes mellitus patients at outpatient setting and its correlation with glycemic control. Methods: A crosssectional observational study was conducted between January 2019 and March 2019 at several outpatient clinics in Ibb city, Yemen. A total of 370 patients of type 2 diabetes mellitus who use oral hypoglycemic drug therapy for at least 3 months were enrolled in the study. Fasting and postprandial blood glucose as well as glycosylated hemoglobin were measured and details of drug therapy were noted. Morisky Medication Adherence Scale was used to assess medication adherence. Results: Only 1.1% of type 2 diabetes mellitus patients had high medication adherence to oral hypoglycemic drugs, while 61.9% had moderate and 37% had low medication adherence. Most common medication adherence issues identified in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients were forgetting to take their medication when traveling, stopping of medication once feeling better, and difficulty to adhere to medication plan. Only 12.1% were having optimally controlled glycemic levels, whereas 87.8% were having uncontrolled glycemic levels. Conclusions: Despite having a good overall medication adherence among type 2 diabetes mellitus patients, the glycemic control still low in most patients. The study shows urgent need for reviewing anti-diabetic pharmacotherapy, counseling, and health education of patients.
Attempted suicide by jumping

Summary The sociodemographic and clinical characteristics of 62 patients, who were consecutively admitted to medical or surgical departments in a general hospital in Barcelona, as a result of attempting suicide by jumping from buildings were investigated. All patients met DSM III criteria for at least one psychiatric diagnosis. The most frequent diagnosis was schizophrenia (40%), followed by depression (24%). The attempts made by depressed patients tended to be more lethal. Most of the schizophrenics presented active psychotic symptoms at the time of attempting suicide.
Evaluating avian-habitat relationships models in mixed-conifer forests of the Sierra Nevada

Abstmct: Using data from two studies in the southern and central Sierra Nevada, we compared the presence and abundance of bird species breeding in mixedconifer forests during 1978-79 and 1983-85 to predictions &om the California Wildlife Habitat Relationships (WHR) System. Twelve percent of the species observed in either study were not predicted by the WHR database to occur in mixed-conifer vegetation (errors of omission). Twentyeight percent of the species predicted by the database were not observed in either study (errors of comrnission). We suggest several corrections to the WHR database and discuss the problems of classifjmg stands, predicting the effects of management activities, evaluating habitat quality, and regional differences in habitat suitability. Because California is a large and diverse state, geographic differences in habitat suitability within a species' range need to be considered by biologists using the WHR database. We suggest subdividmg the database into several bioregional zones.
1492 and all that : political manipulations of history

The 500th anniversary of the voyage of Christopher Columbus spurred a host of politically motivated groups and organizations to attempt to recast the history of the Americas. Most of these revisionists use the past as a tool by which to advance "politically correct" goals, particularly in opposition to the US. Through books, lobbying campaigns and protests, they are seeking to turn the anniversary commemoration into an occasion for repentance rather than celebration. Taking aim at several of these distortions, this author examines Columbus and the Spaniards, the Aztecs, the early British and French settlements, and the complicated interactions between the Europeans and indigenous peoples. He rebuts the major revisionist positions on the basis of historical evidence. The book aims to sift the historical and anthropological truths from the ideological and political special pleading related to the Columbus anniversary.
Development and Evaluation of Controlled-Release Diltiazem HCl Microparticles Using Cross-Linked Poly(Vinyl Alcohol)

AbstractHydrogels of cross-linked poly (vinyl alcohol) (PVA) were developed and their properties were evaluated as a controlled-release oral solid dosage form. The concentration of glutaraldehyde involved in cross-linking is directly proportional to the compactness of the three-dimensional networks of the cross-linked PVA. The theoretical calculations reveal that the release of diltiazem HCl from PVA could be described by the combination of Fickian and diffusion-controlled models. The confirmation of cross-linking was done by differential scanning calorimetry and infrared spectroscopy. The microparticles show lower percentage compressibility but good flowability; hence a capsule dosage form was thought to be suitable. The toxicity level of PVA was confirmed to be 10 g/kg body weight. The microparticle formulation was optimized with respect to size distribution and increased drug loading. The microparticles were physically evaluated with respect to bulk density, angle of repose, and percent compressibility.