Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Finse vragenlijst redelijk goede voorspeller van het optreden van diabetes in Nederland

Doel. Wij onderzochten of de Finse risicoscore FINDRISK, die het optreden van diabetes voorspelt, ook in Nederland werkt. Daarnaast stelden wij geschikte afkappunten vast voor het gebruik van deze risicoscore in Nederland. Opzet. Beschrijvend. Methode. Wij valideerden de FINDRISK in 3 Nederlandse cohorten waarin herhaalde glucosemetingen waren uitgevoerd: de Hoorn-studie (n = 1434), de ‘Prevention of renal and vascular end-stage disease’(PREVEND)-studie (n = 2713) en een deel van het Maastrichtse cohort in de ‘Monitoring risicofactoren en gezondheid Nederland’(MORGEN)-studie (n = 863). Wij evalueerden de voorspellende waarde met de ‘receiver operating characteristic’(ROC)-analyse. Wij verdeelden de scores in risico ca tegorieen op basis van sensitiviteit, specificiteit en positief voorspellende waarde. Resultaten. De voorspellende waarde van de FINDRISK was het grootst in het PREVEND-cohort (oppervlakte onder de ROC-curve: 0,77) en lager in de Hoorn-studie en het Maastricht-cohort (oppervlakte onder de ROC-curve voor beide: 0,71). Wij kozen 3 risicocategorieen: laag (score < 7), licht verhoogd (score 7, 8 of 9) en verhoogd (score 10 of hoger). Het percentage mensen dat diabetes kreeg binnen circa 5 jaar was < 6% in de laagste categorie, 6-14% in de categorie met licht verhoogd risico en 12-26% in de categorie met verhoogd risico. Van de personen uit de onderzochte Nederlandse populaties had 16-28% een verhoogd risico. Conclusie. De FINDRISK is een redelijk goede voorspeller voor het optreden van diabetes in Nederland.
Pushing the limits of recovery in chronic stroke survivors: a descriptive qualitative study of users perceptions of the Queen Square Upper Limb Neurorehabilitation Programme

Introduction The Queen Square Upper Limb (QSUL) Neurorehabilitation Programme is a clinical service within the National Health Service in the UK that provides 90-hours of therapy over 3-weeks to stroke survivors with persistent upper limb impairment. This study aimed to explore the perceptions of participants of this programme, including clinicians, stroke survivors and caregivers. Design Descriptive qualitative. Data analysis was performed using a conventional thematic content approach to identify main themes by four researchers to avoid any potential bias or personal motivations, promoting confirmability. Setting Clinical outpatient neurorehabilitation service. Participants Clinicians (physiotherapists, occupational therapists, rehabilitation assistants) involved in the delivery of the QSUL Programme, as well as stroke survivors and caregivers who had participated in the programme were purposively sampled. Each focus group followed a series of semi-structured, open questions that were tailored to the clinical or stroke group. One independent researcher facilitated all focus groups, which were audio-recorded and transcribed verbatim by a professional transcription agency. Results Four focus groups were completed: three including stroke survivors (n=16) and caregivers (n=2), and one including clinicians (n=11). The main stroke survivor themes related to psychosocial aspects of the programme (‘you feel valued as an individual’), as well as the behavioural training provided (‘gruelling, yet rewarding’). The main clinician themes also included psychosocial aspects of the programme (‘patient driven ethos—no barriers, no rules’) and knowledge, skills and resources of clinicians (‘it is more than intensity, it is complex’). Conclusions As an intervention, stroke survivors and clinicians consider the QSUL Programme to be both comprehensive and complex. The nature of the interventions in the programme spans psychosocial and behavioural domains. We suggest the future clinical trials of upper limb rehabilitation consider testing the efficacy of these multiple interacting components.
Chromonomer: A Tool Set for Repairing and Enhancing Assembled Genomes Through Integration of Genetic Maps and Conserved Synteny

The pace of the sequencing and computational assembly of novel reference genomes is accelerating. Though DNA sequencing technologies and assembly software tools continue to improve, biological features of genomes such as repetitive sequence as well as molecular artifacts that often accompany sequencing library preparation can lead to fragmented or chimeric assemblies. If left uncorrected, defects like these trammel progress on understanding genome structure and function, or worse, positively mislead such research. Fortunately, integration of additional, independent streams of information, such as a genetic map – particularly a marker-dense map from RADseq, for example – and conserved orthologous gene order from related taxa can be used to scaffold together unlinked, disordered fragments and to restructure a reference genome where it is incorrectly joined. We present a tool set for automating these processes, one that additionally tracks any changes to the assembly and to the genetic map, and which allows the user to scrutinize these changes with the help of web-based, graphical visualizations. Chromonomer takes a user-defined reference genome, a map of genetic markers, and, optionally, conserved synteny information to construct an improved reference genome of chromosome models: a “chromonome”. We demonstrate Chromonomer’s performance on genome assemblies and genetic maps that have disparate characteristics and levels of quality.
Examining the Impact of School Type on Leisure Constraints in High School Students

Abstract:Changing education philosophies and technological advancement have altered the way educational content can be delivered to students. However, as new formats continue to emerge and gain in popularity, little is known about how the type of school a student attends impacts their out-of-school time recreation and leisure participation. As recreation and leisure pursuits have been shown to address many social, physical, emotional, and psychological issues, it is imperative that researchers continue to investigate factors that could constrain students' regular participation in these activities. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to examine how attending online learning institutions, one of the fastest-growing alternatives to brick-and-mortar schools, affects leisure participation. Results of the study indicate that while students attending full-time multi-district online schools may initially experience constraints on their participation in out-of-school-time activities, these are not likely to be permanent.
Stem Cells – A Promise to Elixir

Stem cells are pluripotent cells which are having properties to differentiate into different lineages of cells types. Recently stem cells have been doubted in regards of their curative abilities of several diseases. The increasing number of difficulties to treat diseases versus the wait for promising cures creates restlessness among clinicians and patients. However we need to envisage the fact that stem cell research is bound by many ethical concerns and other limitations and, despite of its boundaries, staggering achievements have been made in this field of regenerative medicine. Evidential results have been obtained for treatment of cancer, organogenesis, cardiology, neurological disorders, genetical disorders, HIV, diabetes, obesity, vision impairment and even cosmetic applications. Many of these health conditions do not have a cure till date due to the intricacy in understanding their causes. The ones which have a cure have to bear considerable side effects during the course of medical treatments. Stem cell therapy is riveting because of its ability to cure complicated diseases rather than just controlling the health condition of the patients. It has not only shown promising curative possibilities but also proven itself with many successful cases, some of which have been discussed. Upon regular establishment of this therapy a lot of medical limitations will be resolved. Patients which are underage, overage or suboptimal for other tortuous medical treatments could also benefit from such simpler cures. They are a natural cure and can be practiced with fundamental techniques. This editorial emphasises on such marvels of stem cell therapy which show the brighter side of this dilemma.
Cooperative Multitask Learning for Sparsity-Driven SAR Imagery and Nonsystematic Error Autocalibration

Conventional sparsity-driven synthetic aperture radar (SAR) imagery often encounters the sensitivity of nonsystematic errors and highly computational load. In this article, a cooperative multitask learning algorithm is proposed based on an autocalibrated alternating direction method of multipliers (AutoCal-ADMM) framework, by which the sparse feature of the scenes/targets-of-interests can be enhanced, and simultaneously the nonmodeled motion errors of either airborne platform or moving target can be autocalibrated in a synergistic manner. By leveraging the entropy and sparsity regularizers in the AutoCal-ADMM framework, the proposed algorithm is particularly tailored to obtain focused SAR images with enhanced sparsity. A reasonable surrogate function is designed for a convex objective function, so that an analytical proximal mapping of the entropy regularizer can be derived. Both nonsystematic range cell migration (NsRCM) and azimuthal phase errors (APEs) are concerned and coherently compensated. A linear and complex soft-thresholding operator is introduced for the sparse solution. The proposed algorithm is capable of greatly alleviating “error propagation” between multiple tasks, where an optima balance between the sparse and focusing features can be achieved. Superior performance in terms of convergence and efficiency can be guaranteed. Both raw SAR and canonical ground moving target imaging (GMTIm) data sets are processed and comparisons with conventions are performed, where the effectiveness and superiority of the proposed AutoCal-ADMM algorithm are validated.
PROBLEMATIKA KURIKULUM 2013 PENDIDIKAN AGAMA ISLAM DAN KEPEMIMPINAN INSTRUKSIONAL KEPALA MADRASAH IDTIBA’IYAH KOTA PASURUAN

The curriculum has an important role in the education process. And itshould play a role and be anticipatory and adaptive to changes andadvances in science and technology. Curriculum and learning are twoimportant aspects of educational activities. Both discuss what and howeducation should be carried out and blend with local wisdom. Therefore,along with changes and developments in the curriculum from time to timean educator must be able to understand and implement it well. In order tobe in accordance with what is expected, there needs to be a discussion ofcurriculum development from Kurikum 1994, Competency BasedCurriculum (KBK) 2004, Education Unit Level Curriculum (KTSP), andCurriculum 2013 until now. This paper tries to provide one solution to theproblems of the 2013 curriculum implementation. Instructional leadershipof the Pasuruan City Islamic Senior High School principals is recommendedto be one solution to the effectiveness of the 2013 curriculumimplementation. Instructional Leadership is the leadership of the madrasahead who prioritizes teaching and learning in leadership. The head of themadrasa in favor of academics, instructional leadership is believed to beable to solve the problems of the implementation of the 2013 curriculum.Prioritizing the involvement of the headmaster in orientation and trainingfor 2013 curriculum implementation is recommended.
The Neuromuscular Response to Spinal Manipulation: Quantifying the Effect of Pain with Electromyography

Objective To establish a methodology to quantify the neuromuscular response to spinal manipulation, develop a comprehensive date set including factors that affect the response, and compare the responses in both healthy participants and participants with acute and chronic low back pain. Methods Surface and indwelling electromyography at eight muscle locations were recorded during lumbar side-lying manipulations in 20 asymptomatic participants, 20 acute pain participants, and 20 chronic pain participants. Onset delay detection was optimized for signal detection failures and methodological comparisons were performed using a generalized linear model. The number of muscle responses and muscle activity onset delays in relation to the manipulation contact force were compared across participant subclasses using mixed linear regressions. Effect sizes for all comparisons were calculated using Cohen’s d.
Social Networking Sites in Education: Information Sharing Behavior of HEI Faculty in Pangasinan

This study sought to discover the information sharing behavior of the faculty members in the selected higher education institutions in Urdaneta City, Pangasinan. The data were analyzed using frequency and percentage, average weighted mean, chi-square, and thematic analysis. It was found out that majority of the respondents are dominated by millennials aged 18-38 years old, male in sex, working under the College of Education in public Higher Education Institution who open or visit Facebook accounts 1-3 times a day. Majority of the respondents were motivated by information retrieval through liking in the areas of education and instruction, news and current events, entertainment, health, and love and family. The study revealed that the age, type of higher education, course group, and frequency of social media usage affect the information sharing behavior of the respondents. Facebook is the most commonly used SNS as a tool for education and instruction. Also, the chatting feature, information sharing feature, and the page feature are the preferences of the respondents that can contribute to the collaboration of teachers. Nevertheless, ethics were the issues raised in the use of Social Networking Sites.
Hemodynamic variables and risk factors in a biracial stroke population

Hypertension and diabetes are independent risk factors for stroke incidence and recurrence; thus management and treatment of blood pressure and hemoglobin A1c is an essential component of secondary stroke prevention. The goals of this project were to assess hemodynamic variables and related risk factors during stroke hospitalization by race and comorbid hypertension and diabetes status; examine patterns of antihypertensive and antidiabetic regimens prescribed at stroke discharge by race, age, gender, and hemodynamic variables; and compare stroke severity using The National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) among stroke patients by race, age, gender, and comorbid hypertension and diabetes. Data was collected from the STEP-SC cohort, consisting of stroke patients over the age of 45 given a primary diagnosis of stroke (ICD9 430-438) at MUSC between October 2008-2009. Results showed that African Americans were significantly younger (OR=2.07; 95% CI=1.54, 2.79), had higher admission blood pressures (OR=1.52; 95% CI=1.13, 2.05), higher HbA1c (OR=2.03; 95% CI=1.37, 3.01), and a higher chance of being diagnosed with both hypertension and diabetes. Hypertension and diabetes diagnosis at discharge were significantly associated with each other. Age (OR=1.43; 95% CI=1.02, 1.99), discharge blood pressure (OR=1.57; 95% CI=1.11, 2.22), and HbA1c (OR=11.55; 95% CI=7.34, 18.19) were significantly associated with diabetes diagnosis at discharge. Blood pressure medication prescriptions at stroke discharge were related to age (OR=3.48; 95% CI=1.72, 7.03), hypertension diagnosis (OR=5.09; 95% CI=2.53, 10.26), and admission (OR=2.71; 95% CI=1.34, 5.47) and discharge blood pressures (OR=4.35; 95% CI=1.49, 12.75). Diabetes medication prescriptions were associated with diabetes diagnosis (OR=20.93; 95% CI=9.38, 46.68) and HbA1c (OR=48.25; 95% CI=15.88, 146.61). NIHSS scores were significantly associated (p<0.05) with age and were not related to comorbidity HEMODYNAMIC VARIABLES AND STROKE Coker 3 status, although patients with hypertension had significantly lower scores than patients without hypertension.
Is Victimization Associated with Carrying a Weapon? Investigating the Intersection of Sex and Race/Ethnicity

ABSTRACT In recent years, there has been a growing social, educational, and public policy focus on investigating the correlates associated with youth carrying weapons in their communities and schools. Victimization and other correlates such as drug use and violent risk behaviors among youth have been linked to deviant behavior including weapon carrying. What remains uncertain is how the intersection of sex and race/ethnicity moderate these potential risk factors linked with weapon carrying. Analyses, which draw from the 2015 Youth Risk Behavior Surveillance System (YRBS) data, investigate whether or not sex and race/ethnicity play a role in the relationships between victimization, other risk factors, and weapon carrying (i.e., carrying a gun and bringing a weapon to school). In addition to discussing the findings of this study, this research underscores the importance of understanding the intersection of sex and race/ethnicity when examining youth violence, especially in regards to carrying weapons to school.
Modelling Lyman-α Emission from Star Forming Galaxies at High Redshift Using Cosmological Simulations

I study Lyman-α emission from high-redshift galaxies using the high-resolution smoothed particle hydrodynamics (SPH) galaxy simulation "Ponos" at redshift z = 6.5. The focus of my study is the luminosity from hydrogen recombination and the corresponding surface brightness. I calculate an intrinsic luminosity for the galaxy using parameters from the simulation; as well as a self-shielding scheme that neutralizes all gas where temperature T < 104 K and hydrogen number density nH > 0.1 cm−3. The data is then interpolated onto a grid, where I apply ionization from active galactic nuclei and radiating stars. I make some general observations and calculations about the galaxy simulation as a whole, before reducing my study to a 50 × 50 × 50 kpc box around the main dark matter halo in order to do more detailed observations of the area encompassed by and immediately surrounding its 21.97 kpc virial radius. The final Lyman-α luminosity found in this area is 7.68×1043 erg s−1. The emission is sent through a scattering scheme in order to give a more realistic image of the galaxy. Finally I make Lyman-α surface brightness maps, surface brightness profiles and spectra as seen from six directions. The scattering smears out the Lyman-α radiation, giving larger and more extended maps, better representing observations. The accompanying spectra shows peaks at blueand redshifted wavelengths. Doppler shifted photons have a smaller chance of scattering, making them more likely to escape. The high values in the center of the spectra represents scattering in the less dense outskirts of the galaxy. I make comparisons to galaxies at redshifts 5 < z < 6, as well as to giant Lyman-α nebulae. The findings are that the surface brightness profile is around two orders of magnitude larger than for typical galaxies at similar redshifts, and more akin in values to the observed superluminous Lyman-α nebulae. My findings indicate that the main reason of this high luminosity is the large star formation rate of 42.41 M yr−1. This is the result of an ongoing starburst, starting approximately 150 million years before redshift z = 6.5. I postulate two possible reasons for this starburst: i) it is due to lack of feedback from the AGN, or ii) the simulation is experiencing a galaxy. The latter is the most likely due to the main galaxy’s proximity to another galaxy.
Development of the Blended Learning Model On Web-based Learning Course

The blended learning model of learning courses Web-Based Learning to improve activities, learning outcomes and formulate the process of developing a blended learning model of learning PBW courses that are valid, practical and effective. This study uses the AIDM model which includes the analysis stage of the Analysis Stage, Evaluation Planning Stage, Concurrent Design Stage, Implementation Stage. The results obtained from the 4 aspects of the validity test are aspects of the model is very valid, the material is valid, the media is very valid and the language is valid. Furthermore, the practicality test of lecturer responses and student responses. While the effectiveness test is seen from the results of learning and student learning activities. Based on the above data it can be concluded that the blended learning model of PBW courses is valid, practical, and effective for use in the lecture process.
Application of genetic programming algorithm for designing decision trees and their ensembles

Decision tree is a machine learning algorithm that is very effective in classification problems. Decision tree is a topical algorithm because of the good interpretability of the results of their work. However, decision tree has the drawback that standard algorithms don’t allow obtaining the optimal structure of the decision tree. To solve this drawback, it’s proposed to use the genetic programming algorithm. This algorithm is one of the branches of evolutionary algorithms and has proven itself for the design of intelligent information technologies. Genetic programming, in one of their implementations, searches for solutions in tree space, which is well suited for designing decision trees. Ensembles that are based on decision trees have high efficiency. In this paper, random forest and gradient boosting are considered. In ensembles, it’s proposed to combine decision trees that are designed by the genetic programming algorithm. Algorithms was tested on classification problems.
Material-to-device performance correlation for AlGaN-based solar-blind p–i–n photodiodes

We report on crystalline quality-to-device performance correlation for self-powered Al0.40Ga0. 60N, p–i–n ultraviolet (UV) photodetectors on c-plane sapphire. The active p–i–n detector stack was grown over an AlN buffer. Careful optimization of the nucleation density on growth surface helped achieve a two-orders and one-order of magnitude reduction in the screw and edge dislocation density in the buffer layer, respectively. This resulted in a nine-orders of magnitude reduction in the reverse leakage current from 4.3 mA to 4.2 pA (at 10 V). Correspondingly, a thirteen-fold enhancement in the zero-bias external quantum efficiency (EQE) from 3.4% to 45.5%, when measured under 289 nm front-illumination was also observed. The detector epi-stack grown over the optimal AlN buffer layers led to the realization of high-performance p–i–n detectors with a dark current density below 4 nA cm−2 at 10 V and a zero-bias EQE of 74.7% under back-illumination. This is one of the highest zero-bias EQE reported for solar-blind detectors realized on template-free and mask-free III-nitrides grown using metal organic chemical vapor deposition on any substrate. The deep-UV-to-visible rejection ratio exceeded 106 while the deep-UV-to-near UV rejection exceeded 103. The thermal-noise limited detectivity was estimated to be 4 × 1014 cm Hz1/2 W−1. Hopping conduction along screw dislocation-mediated localized trap states was found to be the dominant carrier transport mechanism in the samples exhibiting high reverse leakage. For these samples, the responsivity (photocurrent) exhibited an exponential variation with reverse bias and a nonlinear variation with input optical power. This is explained using a hole-trapping associated gain mechanism and its impact on the transient characteristics of the detectors is investigated. A 6 × 1 linear array of the highest EQE detectors was realized and detector performance parameters were found to be comparable before and after wire bonding. This study is expected to enhance the understanding of III-nitrides-based vertical, self-powered detectors and benefit the development of high-performance, focal plane arrays using less complicated growth techniques.