Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Design of a Self-Timed VLSI Multicomputer Communication Controller,

Abstract : We describe the design of the network design frame, (NDF), a self-timed routing chip for a message-passing concurrent computer. The NDF uses a partitioned data path, low-voltage output drivers, and a distributed token-passing arbiter to provide a bandwidth of 450Mbits/sec into the network. Wormhole routing and bidirectional virtual channels are used to provide low latency communications, less than micro seconds latency to deliver a 216 bit message across the diameter of a 1K node machine. To support concurrent software systems, the NDF provides two logical networks, one for user messages and one for system messages, that share the same set of physical wires. To facilitate the development of network nodes, the NDF is a design frame. The NDF circuitry is integrated into the pad frame of a chip leaving the center of the chip uncommitted.
Admission control for combined guaranteed performance and best effort sessions under heavy traffic

Communications systems often have many types of users, which can be divided into two types: guaranteed performance (GP) and best effort (BE). Since they share the same resource, there is a conflict in their needs. This conflict leads to the imposition of controls on admission or elsewhere. We consider an admission control of GP customer which has two roles: 1) to guarantee the performance of the existing GP customers, and 2) to regulate the congestion for the BE users. Several optimal control problems are formulated and optimal or nearly optimal controls are obtained using heavy traffic approximations.
Experimentation in machine discovery

KEKADA, a system that is capable of carrying out a complex series of experiments on problems from the history of science, is described. The system incorporates a set of experimentation strategies that were extracted from the traces of the scientists' behavior. It focuses on surprises to constrain its search, and uses its strategies to generate hypotheses and to carry out experiments. Some strategies are domain independent, whereas others incorporate knowledge of a specific domain. The domain independent strategies include magnification, determining scope, divide and conquer, factor analysis, and relating different anomalous phenomena. KEKADA represents an experiment as a set of independent and dependent entities, with apparatus variables and a goal. It represents a theory either as a sequence of processes or as abstract hypotheses. KEKADA's response is described to a particular problem in biochemistry. On this and other problems, the system is capable of carrying out a complex series of experiments to refine domain theories. Analysis of the system and its behavior on a number of different problems has established its generality, but it has also revealed the reasons why the system would not be a good experimental scientist.
Mobil Cihazlarda Güvenlik Tehditler Temel Stratejiler

Tuketici elektroniginin gunumuzdeki en yaygin hali mobil cihazlarin kullanimidir. Bu alandaki teknolojik gelismeler, hayatimizin her alanina etki edecek sekilde artmakta ve yasamimiza yon vermektedir. Artik bilgisayarlarla ayni donanimsal ozelliklere sahip olabilen mobil cihazlarin kullanimi sadece iletisim amaciyla kalmayip, internet kullanimi, is, hobi ve saglik alanlarindaki uygulamalari ile zenginlemistir. Pek cok farkli alana ozel uygulamalarin ortak yonu, kullanici bilgilerinin islemesi, bu bilgilerin farkli ortamlara iletmesi ve depolamasi gibi faaliyetleri icermesidir. Artan kullanim orani ile bilgi ve iletisim guvenligine daha fazla ihtiyac duyulmaya baslanan bu cihazlara yonelik yapilan saldirilar karsisinda tasinan bilgilerin guvenliginin saglanmasi gerekliligi ortaya cikmaktadir. Mobil cihazlardaki guvenlik aciklari ve kotucul yazilim barindiran uygulamalarin son kullanici tarafindan yuklemesi ile kisisel bilgi ve haberlesme guvenligini tehdit eden durumlar olusmaktadir. Bu calismada, mobil uygulamalarda bulunan guvenlik aciklari, saldiri ve bu sorunlara iliskin alinan onlemler anlatilmaktadir. Sadece son kullaniciya yonelik tavsiyeler degil, ayni zamanda uygulama gelistiriciler icin de dikkat edilmesi gereken hususlar ozetlenmistir. Son kullanicilarin, mobil sistemlerin saldiri yontemlerine dair temel bilgileri ogrenmesi ile kisisel guvenligin arttirilabilecegi degerlendirilmektedir.
Investigating Communication: An Introduction to Research Methods

All chapters end with "Conclusion. " Preface. I.CONCEPTUALIZING COMMUNICATION RESEARCH. 1.Introduction to the Research Culture. The Importance of Knowing Research Methods. Making Claims and Offering Evidence. Everyday Ways of Knowing. The Research Process. The Importance of Distinguishing Research from Pseudoresearch. 2.Asking Questions about Communication. Defining Communication. What Constitutes Communication Research? Areas of Communication Research. Basic versus Applied Communication Research Topics. Justifying Communication Research Topics. Research Questions and Hypotheses. 3.Finding, Reading, and Using Research. Reasons for Reviewing Previous Research. The Search for Research. Diane F. Witmer, Internet and World Wide Web Resources for Research. How Research Is Presented: Reading Scholarly Journal Articles. Writing a Literature Review. II.PLANNING AND DESIGNING COMMUNICATION RESEARCH. 4.Observing and Measuring Communication Variables. Conceptual versus Operational Definitions. Measurement Theory. Measurement Methods. Measurement Techniques. 5.Designing Valid Communication Research. Internal and External Validity. Measurement Validity and Reliability. Threats to Internal Validity. External Validity. 6.Research Ethics and Politics. Ethical Issues in Communication Research. III.METHODOLOGIES FOR CONDUCTING COMMUNICATION RESEARCH. 7.Experimental Research. Establishing Causation. Exercising Control in Experimental Research. Experimental Research Designs. Factorial Designs. Laboratory versus Field Experiments. 8.Survey Research. The Prevalence of Surveys. Survey Research Design. Survey Measurement Techniques. Using Multiple Methods in Survey Research. 9.Textual Analysis. Purposes of Textual Analysis. Important Considerations in Textual Analysis. Rhetorical Criticism. Content Analysis. Interaction Analysis. Performance Analysis. Ron Pelias, Performance as a Method. 10.Naturalistic Inquiry. Common Assumptions Guiding Naturalistic Inquiry. Types of Naturalistic Inquiry. The Flow of Naturalistic Inquiry. Collecting Data in Naturalistic Inquiry. Start Making Sense: Analyzing and Reporting Qualitative Data. IV.ANALYZING AND INTERPRETING QUANTITATIVE DATA. 11.Describing Quantitative Data. Making Sense of Numbers: Statistical Data Analysis. Describing Data through Summary Statistics. Describing Data in Standard Scores. Describing Data through Visual Displays. 12.Inferring from Data: Estimation and Significance Testing. Estimation. Significance Testing. 13.Analyzing Differences between Groups. Types of Difference Analysis. Advanced Difference Analysis. 14.Analyzing Relationships between Variables. Types of Relationships. Correlations. Regression Analysis. Advanced Relationship Analysis. V.RECONCEPTUALIZING COMMUNICATION RESEARCH. 15.Epilogue: Concluding Research. Discussing Research Findings. Appendices. Random Number Table. Chi-Square Table. t Table. F Table. Pearson r Table. Spearman rho Table. Glossary. References. Index.
Single-chip FEC codec using a concatenated BCH code for 10 Gb/s long-haul optical transmission systems

This paper describes a 10 Gb/s throughput FEC (forward error correction) codec for long-haul optical transmission systems. The FEC codec uses concatenated BCH(2040, 1930) and BCH(3860, 3824), which provides an excellent 7.98 dB net coding gain at 1E/sup -12/ corrected bit error rate with 6.69% redundancy by applying three times iterative decoding. Furthermore, by applying a time-multiplexed decoder and skipping Chien search process for uncorrectable BCH(3860, 3824) codewords, the FEC codec achieves a low power consumption of 3.15 W and a low gate count of 2.40 Mgates using 0.15 /spl mu/m CMOS technology.
Image Databases: Search and Retrieval of Digital Imagery

From the Publisher: The explosive growth of multimedia data transmission has generated a critical need for efficient, high-capacity image databases, as well as powerful search engines to retrieve image data from them. This book brings together contributions by an international all-star team of innovators in the field who share their insights into all key aspects of image database and search engine construction. Readers get in-depth discussions of the entire range of crucial image database architecture, indexing and retrieval, transmission, display, and user interface issues. And, using examples from an array of disciplines, the authors present cutting-edge applications in medical imagery, multimedia communications, earth science, remote sensing, and other major application areas.
Bayesian Inference: With Ecological Applications

This text is written to provide a mathematically sound but accessible and engaging introduction to Bayesian inference specifically for environmental scientists, ecologists and wildlife biologists. It emphasizes the power and usefulness of Bayesian methods in an ecological context. The advent of fast personal computers and easily available software has simplified the use of Bayesian and hierarchical models. One obstacle remains for ecologists and wildlife biologists, namely the near absence of Bayesian texts written specifically for them. The book includes many relevant examples, is supported by software and examples on a companion website and will become an essential grounding in this approach for students and research ecologists. It features: engagingly written text specifically designed to demystify a complex subject; examples drawn from ecology and wildlife research; an essential grounding for graduate and research ecologists in the increasingly prevalent; Bayesian approach to inference; a companion website with analytical software and examples; and, leading authors with world-class reputations in ecology and biostatistics.
Overview of the studies about word learning in the speech of children from two months to four years of age.

This is a review of empirical studies on word learning in children who are beginning to speak. The studies are distributed in three phases. The first phase, in the 1970’s, researchers studied the meaning in different kinds of words. In the second phase (1980’s) the relationship between new words, verbal expressions and the development of distinct recognitions of language were studied. By the third phase (1990s to date) there is a boom in new conceptual perspectives and experimental devices in this field of study. It is important to review in previous research some areas that were looked over such as: the use of words in sentences, more accurate definitions for grammatical categories used to classify words, and the relationship between new word learning and others aspects of a child’s language development.
An Introduction to Usability

Introduction - usability aim and contents of book scope of book and limitations who is the book for? What is usability? concept and definition the components of usability why usability is important measures of usability. Principles for usable design - consistency compatibility consideration of user resources feedback error prevention and recovery user control visual clarity prioritisation of functionality and information appropriate transfer of technology explicitness. Designing for usability - specifying user characteristics requirements capture usability specification iterative design and prototyping. Methods for usability evaluation - empirical methods non-empirical methods. Conducting a usability evaluation - purpose of the evaluation selecting evaluation participants type of data required constraints and opportunities reporting and evaluation case study - evaluating a software based statistics package conclusions.
The development of 3-D (stereoscopic) imaging systems for security applications

Stereoscopic or 3D imaging systems have been investigated by many research groups for a considerable number of years. Experimentation has shown that the use of such vision systems enables quite sophisticated manipulative tasks to be carried out remotely. Recent developments in materials science, electronics and video camera capabilities now make 3-D television systems for teleoperator applications a much more viable proposition than in the past. This paper describes the development of a range of 3-D systems which have been used for remote controlled vehicle and manipulator guidance in hazardous environments. Two particular scenarios are in dealing with improvised explosive devices (IEDs) and also in a nuclear industry application. The paper mentions the development of novel stereoscopic sensors based on line-scan cameras. One application of such packages may well be in wide area surveillance.
OpenGL ir DirectX technologijų spartos palyginimas programuojant trimačius vaizdus

Pagrindiniai trimacių vaizdų apdorojimo konkurentai yra DirectX ir OpenGL technologijos. Straipsnyje pateikiama sių technologijų lyginamoji analizė. Eksperimentiskai tiriama DirectX ir OpenGL technologijų veikimo sparta. Eksperimentams skirta testinė programinė įranga sukurta populiariausiomis programavimo kalbomis C++ ir C#. Darbe pateikiami ir analizuojami tyrimų rezultatai, gauti atlikus kelis skirtingus spartos testus naudojant sukurtą programine įrangą. Comparison of OpenGL and DirectX technologies in 3D programming Ernestas Filatovas, Grigorijus Melnicenko, Vytautas Jakstys Summary In this study, three-dimensional rendering technologies DirectX and OpenGL were reviewed. A comprehensive survey, evaluation of advantages and disadvantages, and a comparative analysis of these technologies have been made. By applying C# and C++ programming languages, the software has been developed for testing the speed of DirectX and OpenGL technologies. A relatively large number of experiments were conducted in order to determine the speed of these technologies. The experiments included visualization of basic and complex shapes movements, and different depth of shapes. The experimental investigations were performed in Windows and they have revealed that the speed of the DirectX technology is higher. This factor is the most signifi cant one in three-dimensional rendering, especially in the development of computer games. The DirectX technology was proved to be fastest while programming in C#. Moreover, the experimental investigations have indicated that the DirectX technology uses CPU resources more effi ciently. e="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: Calibri, sans-serif;">
FPGA Implementation of GA based ICA Image Fusion Method

Remote sensing image fusion is basically performed to enhance the image resolution for better image interpretation. Nowadays, remote sensing applications require quick system response especially for critical satellite missions such as hazard and disaster estimation. The on-board embedded processing has opened new areas for real time applications and reduced the bandwidth of the downlink. FPGA devices show a good solution for the implementation of image processing algorithms for image interpretation and decision making because of their reprogram ability, concurrency, on-chip embedded resources, and low cost. In this paper, FPGA architecture for the implementation of ICA using GA is presented. The design is used for the fusion of Quickbird satellite image data. The whole design is created using VHDL and verified through comparing the results with that obtained from Matlab tools. The evolved hardware shows similar performance compared to Matlab software. The design runs at a frequency of 36.7 MHz on Spartan-3A DSP 1800A Xilinx FPGA. Synthesis results demonstrate good utilization of device resources while maintaining high system clock. Keywords— Image fusion; multispectral image MS; Panchromatic image PAN; Independent Component Analysis ICA; FPGA ;Genetic Algorithm GA.
Automatic mapping of ICPC-2 PLUS terms to the SNOMED CT terminology

Achieving interoperability in sharing and exchanging data between health information systems requires the support of standard medical terminology. To integrate standardised terminology into information systems, there is a need to map legacy interface terminology to a reference terminology. In this study, we mapped ICPC-2 PLUS, the interface terminology developed in Australia and classified to the International Classification of Primary Care Version 2, to the SNOMED CT terminology. We have developed a series of automated mapping algorithms to assist humans to perform the mapping. The Unified Medical Language System (UMLS) metathesaurus mapping, which utilises the links between ICPC-2 PLUS and SNOMED CT terms in the UMLS library mapped 46.5% of ICPC-2 PLUS terms to SNOMED CT. Lexical mapping explored the lexical similarities between terms in these two terminologies, and mapped 60.3% of ICPC-2 PLUS terms overall. Post-coordination of remaining unmapped terms was performed, allowing one ICPC-2 PLUS term to be mapped into composition with two SNOMED CT terms, which gives an increase of about 20% in mapped terms. Overall we have mapped 80.58% of ICPC-2 PLUS terms. A manual review of the mapping shows that about 90% of string-based mappings are accurate. Unmapped terms and mismatched terms are due to the differences in the structures between these two terminologies. Also, terms contained in ICPC-2 PLUS but not in SNOMED CT caused a large proportion of failures in the mappings.
The Rotated Speeded-Up Robust Features Algorithm (R-SURF)

Abstract : Weaknesses in the Fast Hessian detector utilized by the speeded-up robust features (SURF) algorithm are examined in this research. We evaluate the SURF algorithm to identify possible areas for improvement in the performance. A proposed alternative to the SURF detector is proposed called rotated SURF (R-SURF). This method utilizes filters that are rotated 45 degrees counter-clockwise, and this modification is tested with standard detector testing methods against the regular SURF detector. Performance testing shows that the R-SURF outperforms the regular SURF detector when subject to image blurring, illumination changes and compression. Based on the testing results, the R-SURF detector outperforms regular SURF slightly when subjected to affine (viewpoint) changes. For image scale and rotation transformations, R-SURF outperforms for very small transformation values, but the regular SURF algorithm performs better for larger variations. The application of this research in the larger recognition process is also discussed.
Image Registration for Cloudy KOMPSAT-2 Imagery Using Disparity Clustering

KOMPSAT-2 like other high-resolution satellites has the time and angle difference in the acquisition of the panchromatic (PAN) and multispectral (MS) images because the imaging systems have the offset of the charge coupled device combination in the focal plane. Due to the differences, high altitude and moving objects, such as clouds, have a different position between the PAN and MS images. Therefore, a mis-registration between the PAN and MS images occurs when a registration algorithm extracted matching points from these cloud objects. To overcome this problem, we proposed a new registration method. The main idea is to discard the matching points extracted from cloud boundaries by using an automatic thresholding technique and a classification technique on a distance disparity map of the matching points. The experimental result demonstrates the accuracy of the proposed method at ground region around cloud objects is higher than a general method which does not consider cloud objects. To evaluate the proposed method, we use KOMPSAT-2 cloudy images.
Parallel algorithm of real-time infrared image restoration based on total variation theory

Image restoration is a necessary preprocessing step for infrared remote sensing applications. Traditional methods allow us to remove the noise but penalize too much the gradients corresponding to edges. Image restoration techniques based on variational approaches can solve this over-smoothing problem for the merits of their well-defined mathematical modeling of the restore procedure. The total variation (TV) of infrared image is introduced as a L1 regularization term added to the objective energy functional. It converts the restoration process to an optimization problem of functional involving a fidelity term to the image data plus a regularization term. Infrared image restoration technology with TV-L1 model exploits the remote sensing data obtained sufficiently and preserves information at edges caused by clouds. Numerical implementation algorithm is presented in detail. Analysis indicates that the structure of this algorithm can be easily implemented in parallelization. Therefore a parallel implementation of the TV-L1 filter based on multicore architecture with shared memory is proposed for infrared real-time remote sensing systems. Massive computation of image data is performed in parallel by cooperating threads running simultaneously on multiple cores. Several groups of synthetic infrared image data are used to validate the feasibility and effectiveness of the proposed parallel algorithm. Quantitative analysis of measuring the restored image quality compared to input image is presented. Experiment results show that the TV-L1 filter can restore the varying background image reasonably, and that its performance can achieve the requirement of real-time image processing.
AM, an artificial intelligence approach to discovery in mathematics as heuristic search

Abstract : A program called 'AM', is described which models one aspect of elementary mathematics research: developing new concepts under the guidance of a large body of heuristic rules. 'Mathematics' is considered as a type of intelligent behavior, not as a finished product. The local heuristics communicate via an agenda mechanism, a global list of tasks for the system to perform and reasons why each task is plausible. A single task might direct AM to define a new concept, or to explore some facet of an existing concept, or to examine some empirical data for regularities, etc. Repeatedly, the program selects from the agenda the task having the best supporting reasons, and then executes it. Each concept is an active, structured knowledge module. A hundred very incomplete modules are initially provided, each one corresponding to an elementary set-theoretic concept (e.g.,union). This provides a definite but immense 'space' which AM begins to explore. AM extends its knowledge base, ultimately rediscovering hundreds of common concepts (e.g., numbers) and theorems (e.g., unique factorization). This approach to plausible inference contains great powers and great limitations.