Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
National Night Out: Building Police and Community Partnerships To Prevent Crime: (526542006-001)

The occasion was National Night Out (NNO). A young man in Philadelphia named Matt Peskin recently had launched this new crime prevention program as a way for people to begin taking back their neighborhoods by gathering in the streets one summer night each year, turning on their house and porch lights, and celebrating their power to control events in the community. The idea was catching on in cities across the country.
Waterbird Migration Near the Yukon and Alaskan Coast of the Beaufort Sea: I. Timing, Routes and Numbers in Spring

Radars, systematic visual observations from the coast, and aerial surveys were used to study migration near the Yukon (1975) and Alaskan (1977-78) coasts of the Beaufort Sea. Conspicuous eastward migration of loons, brant, seaducks, jaegers and glaucous gulls occurs along the icebound coast, and in the Yukon some eastbound species (especially brant) concentrate coastally. Overall, however, eastward migration is predominantly broad-front with little coastal concentration. Most eiders and perhaps most oldsquaws, the commonest waterbirds, fly east offshore where there is more open water. Westward migration is much less conspicuous visually; swans, geese and pintails are the main groups seen. However, radar shows extensive broad-front westward flights, probably largely of shorebirds. Most spring migration, both east and west, is from 15 May to 20 June, with the coastal peak (25 May-15 June) apparently being later than that offshore. Some coastal migrants land on river water that overflows onto nearshore ice in early June. Some waterbirds bypass the largely ice-covered Alaskan Beaufort by flying northeast across interior Alaska and/or northwestern Canada from the Pacific ocean to the Canadian Arctic. These overland migrants include some yellow-billed and arctic loons, brant and jaegers; probably most Thayer's gulls; and probably some oldsquaws, Sabine's gulls, arctic terns and other species. Key words: waterbirds, migration, Beaufort Sea, Alaska, Yukon, radar, aerial surveys, seawatches, leads, leading lines
Development of a payment channel over the Bitcoin network

Bitcoin is a decentralized digital cryptocurrency that allows payments between users without the need of a central authority. Despite the potential of the technology, in the past years, the scaling debate has been the main focus of development as because of the internal details of the protocol, the network can not process and store the highly increasing demand of transactions in the public ledger, also called the blockchain. A solution for this is reducing the need of transactions with off-chain payment channels, that can be able to process thousands of micropayment transactions between two nodes so that most transactions do not appear in the blockchain but if they did would be valid, using the Bitcoin scripting language and some game theory techniques. With payment channels, only the setup and closure transactions would appear in the blockchain and all the payment transactions would be temporary and stored just by the nodes of the channel, relieving the Bitcoin blockchain transaction rate. This project consists in designing and implementing a bidirectional payment channel by using the combination of two unidirectional payment channels.
A mechanistic pathogenetic model of myelodysplastic syndrome ( MDS ) , separating MDS into 2 groups of disease

Myelodysplastic Syndrome (MDS) remains a set of enigmatic diseases difficult to diagnose and treat, with little progress in understanding disease biology and only empirical and imprecise classification. The current prevalent model defines MDS as a hyperproliferative state of marrow progenitor cells with excessive intramedullary programmed cell death (PCD) leading to failure of production of peripheral blood elements. The failure of this model to generate progress led to a review of the data on which the model is based. From that review, a new model of MDS pathogenesis is presented. First, MDS is separated into 2 sets of disease, one aggressive and usually fatal, often with progression to AML, the second more indolent, with infrequent to absent leukemic progression. The model for aggressive MDS incorporates unrepaired DNA damage and impaired PCD to generate clonal, hypercellular, but ineffective and hypoproliferative marrow, with inherent genetic instability (a mutator phenotype) leading to frequent progression to AML. In contrast, low grade MDS appears to be a set of possibly unrelated diseases that lack the mutator phenotype intrinsic to the biology of aggressive MDS. The proposal is concordant with available data, and provides a rational model for evaluating MDS biology and for development of new diagnostic methods and treatment approaches for these diseases.
Chutes and Ladders: Migration and Male Racial Occupational Segregation

We examine the relationship between migration and occupational segregation for black and white job changers. Using a modified experience good model, our findings from the NLSY suggest that black migrants in good quality occupation matches advance their occupational positions, but do not catch up to whites. Bad match black migrants, on the other hand, lose the most ground on occupational ladders relative to all blacks and whites in our sample. Our results suggest that future research should focus on the underlying labor market history of individuals, where finding good initial occupation matches for blacks in combination with geographical mobility may be the most effective strategy for public policy aimed at decreasing occupational segregation.
Expression and Association of SCD Gene Polymorphisms and Fatty Acid Compositions in Chicken Cross

Stearoyl-CoA desaturase (SCD) is an integral membrane protein of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) that catalyzes the rate limiting step in the monounsaturated fatty acids from saturated fatty acids. Selection for fatty acids traits based on molecular marker assisted selection is needed to increase a value of chicken meat. This study was designed to analyze expression and associations of SCD gene polymorphisms with fatty acid traits in F2 kampung-broiler chicken cross. A total of 62 F2 kampung-broiler chicken cross (29 males and 33 females) were used in this study. Fatty acid traits were measured at 26 weeks of age. Samples were divided into two groups based on fatty acid traits (the highest and the lowest). Primers in exon 2 region were designed from the genomic chicken sequence. The SNP g.37284A>G was detected and polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) method was then used to genotype. The expression of SCD gene was analyzed using quantitative real time PCR (qRT-PCR). The result showed that there were three genotypes (AA, AG, and GG) found in this study. The SCD|AciI polymorphism was significantly associated with palmitoleic acid (C16:1), fatty acids total and saturated fatty acid in 26 weeks old of F2 kampung-broiler chicken cross (P<0.05). The SCD gene was expressed for polyunsaturated fatty acids in liver tissue in two groups of chickens. In conclusion, the SCD gene could be a candidate gene that affects fatty acids traits in F2 kampung-broiler chicken cross.
COMPARISON OF COMMERCIAL STRUCTURE-FROM-MOTIONPHOTOGRAMMETY SOFTWARE USED FOR UNDERWATER THREE-DIMENSIONALMODELING OF CORAL REEF ENVIRONMENTS

Abstract. Structural complexity in ecosystems creates an assortment of microhabitat types and has been shown to support greater diversity and abundance of associated organisms. The 3D structure of an environment also directly affects important ecological parameters such as habitat provisioning and light availability and can therefore strongly influence ecosystem function. Coral reefs are architecturally complex 3D habitats, whose structure is intrinsically linked to the ecosystem biodiversity, productivity, and function. The field of coral ecology has, however, been primarily limited to using 2-dimensional (2D) planar survey techniques for studying the physical structure of reefs. This conventional approach fails to capture or quantify the intricate structural complexity of corals that influences habitat facilitation and biodiversity. A 3-dimensional (3D) approach can obtain accurate measurements of architectural complexity, topography, rugosity, volume, and other structural characteristics that affect biodiversity and abundance of reef organisms. Structurefrom- Motion (SfM) photogrammetry is an emerging computer vision technology that provides a simple and cost-effective method for 3D reconstruction of natural environments. SfM has been used in several studies to investigate the relationship between habitat complexity and ecological processes in coral reef ecosystems. This study compared two commercial SfM software packages, Agisoft Photoscan Pro and Pix4Dmapper Pro 3.1, in order to assess the cpaability and spatial accuracy of these programs for conducting 3D modeling of coral reef habitats at three spatial scales.
Quarkonium production review

Recent progress in heavy quarkonium production is reviewed in the framework of nonrelativistic QCD. Possible resolutions of the long standing problems of J/ψ and ψ ′ production cross sections and polarizations at high pT observed at the Tevatron are investigated, and predictions are compared with the newmeasurements at the LHC. Puzzles in hadroproduction of P-wave charmonium states χcJ are also discussed. In addition, charmonium production in e+e− annihilation at B factories and in photoproduction at HERA as well as in two-photon collisions are also reviewed. Special emphasis is put on the role of next-to-leading order corrections in NRQCD, which may essentially change the pT distributions at high pT for both yield and polarization in quarkonium hadroproduction.
Was it Worth the Effort? The Outcomes and Consequences of Social Movements

Research on social movements has usually addressed issues of movement emergence and mobilization, yet has paid less attention to their outcomes and consequences. Although there exists a considerable amount of work on this aspect, little systematic research has been done so far. Most existing work focuses on political and policy outcomes of movements, whereas few studies address their broader cultural and institutional effects. Furthermore, we still know little about the indirect and unintended consequences produced by movements. Early studies have dealt with the effectiveness of disruptive and violent actions and with the role of several organizational variables for movement success. More recently, scholars have begun to analyze movement outcomes in their political context by looking at the role of public opinion, allies, and state structures. A comparative perspective promises to be a fruitful avenue of research in this regard.
Grasp planning for a reconfigurable parallel robot with an underactuated arm structure

Abstract. In this paper, a novel approach of grasp planning is applied to find out the appropriate grasp points for a reconfigurable parallel robot called PARAGRIP (Parallel Gripping). This new handling system is able to manipulate objects in the six-dimensional Cartesian space by several robotic arms using only six actuated joints. After grasping, the contact elements at the end of the underactuated arm mechanisms are connected to the object which forms a closed loop mechanism similar to the architecture of parallel manipulators. As the mounting and grasp points of the arms can easily be changed, the manipulator can be reconfigured to match the user's preferences and needs. This paper raises the question, how and where these grasp points are to be placed on the object to perform well for a certain manipulation task. This paper was presented at the IFToMM/ASME International Workshop on Underactuated Grasping (UG2010), 19 August 2010, Montreal, Canada.
EVALUATION OF VARIOUS TYPES OF PERMEABLE PAVEMENTS WITH RESPECT TO WATER QUALITY IMPROVEMENT AND FLOOD CONTROL

In North Carolina and several other U.S. states, all permeable pavements are currently considered to have similar capabilities in reducing runoff, but are not credited with improving water quality. Previous research conducted by the North Carolina State University on one particular permeable block pavement type has shown that when compared to runoff from an adjoining asphalt lot, permeable pavement exfiltrate contained significantly lower concentrations of phosphorous and zinc, as well as reductions in total nitrogen. To further test various permeable pavement designs, a parking lot consisting of four different types of permeable pavements and standard asphalt was constructed in Kinston, NC. The permeable pavement sections consist of permeable interlocking concrete pavers (PICP) with 8.5 % void space, PICP with 12.9 % void space, concrete grid pavers (CGP), and porous concrete (PC), each covering a 1200 sq. ft. area with a 10 in. gravel storage layer. The purpose of this study is to evaluate and compare the effects of each pavement type on water quality and runoff reduction. Conclusions on the difference in reduction between each pavement type have not been determined. Site analyses on every rainfall event will be conducted beginning January, 2006 and will continue for one year. As a result of the Kinston study, it is expected that the state of North Carolina will be able to make an informed judgment on how much pollutant removal credit permeable pavements should receive when implemented as stormwater best management practices. Also, this study can be used to determine whether or not stormwater credit should vary based on pavement type.
Nonparametric approach to analysing operational risk losses

Nonparametric methods combine most of the advantages of parametric alternatives when assessing risk. We present a new way to address quantile estimation with no distribution assumptions, we discuss the asymptotic properties and refer to the conclusions of an extensive simulation study. In the last part, we show how to implement our method within a Monte Carlo procedure in an internal model for operational risk. We present a case study.We quantify the operational risk linked to external fraud and we evaluate the anti-fraud policy followed by the company, i.e. whether or not the company has a claims auditing system or a special investigation unit. Ultimately we show the impact of on operational risk reduction.
Callovian nautiloids from the Neuquén Basin, Argentina

For the first time Callovian nautiloids from the Neuquen Basin (Argentina) are described. All the material was collected with precise stratigraphic control based on the local ammonite successions. Most specimens belong to Cenoceras sp. A from the Lotena Fm at Picun Leufu (Patagoniensis Z., lower Upper Callovian) and Los Molles Fm at Chacay Melehue (Proximum Z., upper Lower Callovian). Additionally, one specimen assigned to Cenoceras sp. B comes from the Lotena Fm at Picun Leufu (Patagoniensis Z.). Jurassic nautiloids are usually scarce all around the world with respect to ammonites, but in the Neuquen Basin they are very scarce. Our collections of cephalopods have produced some fifteen nautiloids besides more than 5.000 ammonites collected in Late Callovian to Late Tithonian sequences of the Neuquen Basin. This asymmetric pattern of abundance is surely based, at least in part, on the different reproductive strategies of ammonoids and nautiloids.
Effects of antioxidant supplementation on cancer progression

Popular wisdom holds that antioxidants protect against cancer because they neutralize reactive oxygen species (ROS) and other free radicals which can otherwise cause cancer by damaging DNA. This has been the rationale behind many clinical trials with antioxidants, which in most cases failed to show a beneficial effect and in others even increased cancer incidence. Our group believes that these inconsistencies can be explained by the idea that antioxidants have opposite effects on tumor initiation and progression, and that tumor cells benefit from low ROS levels which is facilitated by antioxidant supplementation. In this thesis we describe the effects of two widespread antioxidants, N-acetylcysteine and vitamin E, on malignant melanoma progression, a cancer known to be sensitive to redox alterations, using a transgenic mouse model and a panel of human cell lines. Because strong evidence links mitochondria-associated ROS to tumor progression, we also define the impact of targeting mitochondrial ROS on malignant melanoma and lung cancer progression. The results show that dietary antioxidant supplementation increases metastasis in malignant melanoma, and that this is dependent on new glutathione synthesis and activated RHOA. The data also indicates that mitochondria-targeted antioxidants do not inhibit cancer progression. These results suggest that cancer patients and people with high risk of developing cancer should avoid the use of antioxidant supplements.
Low-resolution Australasian palaeoclimate records of the last 2000 years

Abstract. Non-annually resolved palaeoclimate records in the Australasian region were compiled to facilitate investigations of decadal to centennial climate variability over the past 2000 years. A total of 675 lake and wetland, geomorphic, marine, and speleothem records were identified. The majority of records are located near population centres in southeast Australia, in New Zealand, and across the maritime continent, and there are few records from the arid regions of central and western Australia. Each record was assessed against a set of a priori criteria based on temporal resolution, record length, dating methods, and confidence in the proxy–climate relationship over the Common Era. A subset of 22 records met the criteria and were endorsed for subsequent analyses. Chronological uncertainty was the primary reason why records did not meet the selection criteria. New chronologies based on Bayesian techniques were constructed for the high-quality subset to ensure a consistent approach to age modelling and quantification of age uncertainties. The primary reasons for differences between published and reconstructed age–depth models were the consideration of the non-singular distribution of ages in calibrated 14C dates and the use of estimated autocorrelation between sampled depths as a constraint for changes in accumulation rate. Existing proxies and reconstruction techniques that successfully capture climate variability in the region show potential to address spatial gaps and expand the range of climate variables covering the last 2000 years in the Australasian region. Future palaeoclimate research and records in Australasia could be greatly improved through three main actions: (i) greater data availability through the public archiving of published records; (ii) thorough characterisation of proxy–climate relationships through site monitoring and climate sensitivity tests; and (iii) improvement of chronologies through core-top dating, inclusion of tephra layers where possible, and increased date density during the Common Era.
Mapping and detecting land use/cover change in Tobago using remote sensing and GIS

The Caribbean region has suffered from a severe deficiency in accurate and up to date information on land resources information. This study has used three Landsat Enhanced Thematic Mapper (ETM+) satellite images (2001, 2002 and 2003) for developing a land use/cover map of the island of Tobago to begin to fill this void. The images were corrected for geometric, atmospheric, cloud and cloud shadow and topographic effects. A supervised classification approach that employed a maximum likelihood classifier was applied. The overall accuracy of the output image was 94.7% and accuracies for the individual classes ranged from 85.7% for bamboo to 100% for urban. The kappa coefficient for the classified image was 0.93. Furthermore, a quantitative change detection analysis was performed, utilizing the classification output and a vectorised 1956 land use map of the island. The outcomes revealed a significant increase in urban sprawl contrasted by a significant decrease in agricultural land use over the 45 year period. The analysis indicated that this trend has emerged due to a direct exchange of agriculture for urban development.
An Overview on the Team Interaction Process

Team interaction process contains three stages: input, process and output. The effectiveness of team interaction is the decisive factor of team competition. Nowadays, many scholars study on team interaction process based on a particular view, but few scholars put up with an overview on the whole team interaction process research results. Based on the predecessors’ researches and centered on the team interaction process, this paper outlines the three stages and its elements, the influence to team performance and measurements of team interaction. This paper also puts forward some prospects finally.
Significância clínica e mudança confiável na avaliação de intervenções psicológicas

The evidences of the effectiveness of any psychological intervention requires the demonstration of its internal and external validity, what is usually made by inferential statistical methods. An alternative, more recently explored, especially in the realm of the psychotherapeutic processes, is based on indexes of reliability and clinical significance of the changes. Among the methods used to produce these indexes, it is highlighted that one developed by Jacobson and Truax (1991), known as "JT Method", still rare in the Brazilian psychological research. This study briefly presents the rational and some methodological and practical issues concerned with this method, exemplifying its use in the data analysis of a fictitious intervention.
Modeling a Formative Measure of Relationship Quality and Its Effects: Evidence From the Hong Kong Retail Banking Industry

This article explores a formative, hierarchical model of relationship quality and its effects in the Hong Kong retail banking services sector. Data were collected from a survey of 269 customers and analyzed using structural equation modeling (SEM). The findings support the theoretical framework showing relationship quality impacts repurchase intention, cross-buying intention, recommendation behavior, and reduced switching behavior to competitor offerings. Further, a moderating effect of gender was not observed in the framework. The study offers relevant implications as it is among the first to adopt a hierarchical, formative configuration of relationship quality and its effects on consumer behavior in retail banking.
Inherent Complexity: A Problem for Statistical Model Evaluation

This article investigates a problem for statistical model evaluation, in particular for curve fitting: by employing a different family of curves we can fit any scatter plot almost perfectly at apparently minor cost in terms of model complexity. The problem is resolved by an appeal to prior probabilities. This leads to some general lessons about how to approach model evaluation.
When Pareto meets Melitz: the inapplicability of the Melitz-Pareto model for Chinese firms

This paper realizes the Melitz-Pareto model using firm-level data from 40 Chinese manufacturing industries from 1998 and 2007. Under the hypothesis that the productivity of firms in each industry follows a Pareto distribution, we show that the domestic sales of non-exporters and the foreign sales of exporters in each industry also follow a Pareto distribution, respectively. We then estimate industrial productivity Pareto distributions, and cut-offs of domestic sales of non-exporters and foreign sales of exporters for each industry. Together this yields all the parameters of the Melitz-Pareto model. Our result shows that the Melitz-Pareto model may not fully apply to Chinese firms.