Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Pre-Hospital Delay and Its Contributing Factors in Patients with ST-Elevation Myocardial Infarction; a Cross sectional Study

Introduction: The outcome of ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) is significantly influenced by the total tissue ischemic time. In spite of efforts for reducing the in-hospital delay by full-time provision of primary percutaneous coronary intervention (P-PCI) in the 24/7 program, pre-hospital delay still persists. As a first report in Iran, we aimed to assess the duration of pre-hospital delay and its contributing factors in STEMI patients in the P-PCI era. Methods: The present cross-sectional study evaluated 2103 STEMI patients who underwent primary PCI from 2016 to 2018. Demographic, personal and socioeconomic factors, index event characteristics, past medical history, pain onset and door times of patients were recorded and independent factors of pre-hospital delay were calculated. Results: Median (IQR) of pain to door (P2D) time was 279 (120-630) minutes. In multivariate analysis, female gender [Beta=0.064 (95%CI: 0.003-0.125); p=0.038], being uneducated [Beta=0.213 (95%CI: 0.115-0.311); p<0.001], the onset of chest pain between 00:00 to 6:00 [Beta=0.130 (95%CI: 0.058-0.202); p<0.001] or 7:00 to 12:00 [Beta=0.119 (95%CI: 0.049-0.190); p=0.001], self-transportation [Beta=0.098 (95%CI: 0.015-0.181); p=0.020] or referral from another hospital [Beta=0.253 (95%CI: 0.117-0.389); p<0.001], atypical chest pain [Beta=0.170 (95%CI: 0.048-0.293); p=0.006], history of hypertension [Beta=0.052 (95%CI: 0.002-0.102); p=0.041], and opium abuse [Beta=0.076 (95%CI: 0.007-0.146); p=0.031] were associated with a significantly higher log(P2D), while history of CABG was associated with shorter P2D. Conclusion: Our study showed that P2D is still very high in Iran and revealed the high-risk groups associated with longer P2D. Effective actions should be implemented to increase the public awareness about the symptoms of STEMI, and the importance of immediate appropriate help-seeking.
The Intergenerational Transmission of Lifetime Earnings: Evidence from Brazil

This paper uses unique household survey data from Brazil and recently developed econometric techniques to estimate the transmission of lifetime earnings in Brazil and to examine effects of earnings measurement on estimates of intergenerational mobility. The level of intergenerational earnings transmission in Brazil is estimated to be among the highest observed for any country. Observations of earnings across the life-cycles of fathers and sons are used to form estimates of the transmission of lifetime earnings and to study life-cycle measurement effects on earnings transmission estimates. The use of earnings of relatively young sons, common in previous studies, is found to underestimate the true level of transmission of lifetime earnings. This paper provides two methods to obtain improved measures of lifetime earnings transmission. This paper also finds that education may be the most significant pathway by which earnings are transmitted intergenerationally.
Using the Event Study Methodology to Measure the Social Costs of Litigation - A Re-Examination Using Cases from the Automobile Industry

In a comprehensive study extending prior research, Prince and Rubin (2002) use the event study methodology, and find negative market reaction to a sample of 15 initial filings of product liability litigation and 29 other litigation events against U.S. automakers between 1973 and 1995. They conclude that the event study methodology is a useful way to measure the costs of litigation. In contrast, after examination of a new sample of 144 initial filing events and 465 other litigation events for six major automobile firms from 1985 to 2000, and after re-examining Prince and Rubins data, we find that the market reaction to all but the most extreme and infrequent events is generally not significant. We suggest that the event study methodology may not generally be useful to study the social costs of litigation, but may be useful for unexpected abnormal litigation events where the potential liabilities (including reputation and other losses triggered by litigation) may far exceed the legal liability reserves set up by firms. We find mixed results for the market impact of litigation against a competitor. When a product liability lawsuit is first filed against a U.S. firm, the market values of the Japanese firms significantly decline. When a Japanese firm is sued for product liability, the U.S. firms register a significant increase in market value. However, these spillover results have to be interpreted with caution because of small sample sizes and possible confounding events.
Body Dissatisfaction

Body Dissatisfaction The author concentrates on the preference of the values of "the cult of the body" increasingly affecting the behaviour of young people and their position in the value system relating to generally recognized values. Too much emphasis on physical beauty and outward appearance significantly determines behaviour and can lead to a reduction in values relating to the body and body shape but also to unhealthy eating disorders such as bulimia or anorexia nervosa. The focus is on the pathological perception of the body, on how culture and cultural norms affect body dissatisfaction. A research questionnaire on universal values and the cult of the body (2006) was used. The research sample consisted of 508 respondents aged between 18 and 26 (292 women and 216 men).
Settlement Systems

We construct a general equilibrium model in which credit is used as a medium of exchange, and banks participate in a settlement system to finalize their customers' transactions. We study the optimal settlement system design, and find that a trade-off arises endogenously within the model. A higher frequency of settlement and more costly intra-day borrowing policies limit the banks' accumulation of liabilities and promote conservative reserve management, hence limiting the risk of default should a bank fail for any reason. However, such policies also imply higher banking costs, less interest paid on deposits, and less capital allocated by banks to productive investments. After characterizing equilibrium and welfare, we parameterize the economy and analyze how the optimal settlement system policies depend on several features of the economy, including the risk of bank failure, the fragility of the settlement system, the volume of trade by banks' customers, and the rate of return on investments available to banks.
of Birmingham Diversity dynamics of Phanerozoic terrestrial tetrapods at the local community scale

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Evaluation of the antifungal efficacy of different concentrations of Curcuma longa on Candida albicans: An in vitro study

Background: Candidal infections have increased significantly in denture wearers, especially in immunocompromised patients. The increase in resistance to existing antifungal drugs and number of patients at risk, in conjunction with the restricted number of commercially available antifungal drugs that still present many side effects, are the cause for this problem. These limitations emphasize the need to develop new and more effective antifungal agents with lesser side effects. Materials and Methods: The present study was undertaken to investigate the possible antifungal action of the alcoholic extract of different concentrations of Curcuma longa on four dilutions of Candida albicans (1:10, 1:20, 1:40 and 1:80) and to determine its minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum fungicidal concentration using Sabouraud's agar medium. Results: There was complete inhibition of the growth of all four dilutions of Candida at a concentration of 800 μl which is considered as the MIC of alcoholic extract of turmeric on C. albicans, and the minimum fungicidal concentration was at 1600 μl. Conclusion: This study indicates a potent antifungal action of C. longa against C. albicans.
Natural Language Understanding in Smartdialog: A Platform for Vietnamese Intelligent Interactions

Nowadays in the modern world, interactive smart dialogs with text or voice are gaining traction as the main digital interaction channel between human and machine. However, most of the current platforms do not support or have not fully developed for Vietnamese. In this paper, the authors propose a smart conversational platform through a text channel and/or voice channel in Vietnamese language, including these main steps: (i) Input Conversion and Pre-Processing, (ii) Entity Recognition, (iii) Intent Classification, (iv) Action Prediction and Execution, and (v) Output Generation. This paper focuses on presenting problems related to natural language understanding. To recognize entities in a sentence, the authors studied and optimized the features for Vietnamese with the Conditional Random Field model. With the problem of predicting user intent, this work proposed, experimented, and compared of Random Forest and BiLSTM deep learning model to optimize for the Vietnamese language. A platform was built and deployed for Milo smart speaker application (LUMI smart home) and VADI driver virtual assistant with the accuracy of around 98.7%.
Partial face recognition: a survey

Face recognition is an ever-growing, challenging and interesting area for the real-time application, such as security, image enhancement or image data recording. A large number of the face recognition algorithm are introduced in the last several decades for all kind of purposes, Including recognizing the occluded faces also known as Partial Face Recognition. In this paper, the author covered all the major techniques and methods (PCA, LDA, SVM, ANN) used for recognition the partial faces lying in different scenarios such as poor illumination pose variations, occlusion on faces, etc. For the effective result, there are various face databases available. These databases are also mentioned in this paper for a better understanding of face image properties and condition. The paper also introduced some of the recent advancement in the partial Face recognition field by covering topics such as CNN and DEEP learning.
Design of a branch line coupler with arbitrary impedance for unequal power division

In this paper design and analysis of a balanced branch line coupler is presented with arbitrary impedance. Branch line coupler is configured by four quarter wavelength transmission line. The design achieved desired functions of branch-line coupler for differential-mode and common-mode signal with the merits of a simple configuration and a design method, low insertion loss, and low cost. Design parameters present in the equations provides two degree of freedom. In this paper, power at the output ports is considered as a known parameter. The power division is obtained at the output using impedance values. Isolation achieved for the unequal power division is less than 20dB. A good agreement is obtained between numerical and full wave electromagnetic simulation results.
An automated new approach in fast text classification (fastText): A case study for Turkish text classification without pre-processing

Any Text Classification (TC) problem need pre-processing steps which may affect the classification accuracy. Especially pre-processing steps need substantial effort particularly in agglutinative languages such as Turkish. In this context, a traditional text categorization problem requires pre-processing steps such as tokenization, stop-word removal, lower-case conversion, stemming and feature dimension reduction. Before classification, one or more of these steps are applied to text and then a classifier is trained to evaluate the corresponding precision. Deep neural network classifiers combined with word embedding is one of the solutions to eliminate the pre-processing prerequisites. Another novel approach is fastText word embedding based classifier which was developed by Facebook. In this study, we evaluate a fastText classifier on TTC-3600 Turkish dataset without using any pre-processing steps and present the performance of the algorithm.
Microchimerism: A new concept

Microchimerism is the presence of cells from one individual in another genetically distinct individual. Pregnancy is the main cause of natural microchimerism through transplacental bi-directional cell trafficking between mother and fetus. In addition to a variety of cell-free substances, it is now well-recognized that some cells are also exchanged in pregnancy. Furthermore, it is now known that microchimerism persists decades later both in mother and in her progeny. The consequences of pregnancy-related microchimerism are under active investigation. However, many authors have suggested a close relationship linking fetal microchimerism and the development of autoimmune diseases. Fetal microchimerism is emerging as a potential contributing factor in certain diseases, including cancer. Parallel studies in animal and human pregnancy suggest that microchimeric fetal cells play a role in wound healing. Role of these microchimeric cells in human health and disease is discussed here.
Resource-Aware Decentralized Adaptive Computational Offloading & Task-Caching for Multi-Access Edge Computing

Smart technologies or IoT devices have been designed to execute intensive applications that request more computational and other computer system resources. However, those devices have a resource constraint. To address the challenge, we adopt Multi-Access Edge Computing which is a new paradigm that transforms and localize Cloud services and capabilities at the Edge of Radio-Access Network based on proximity for mobile subscribers. In this paper, we proposed a Resource-Aware Decentralized Computing and Caching framework for Multi-Access Edge Computing. So, smart end-user devices work collaboratively and independently with resourceful edge devices or peer devices in close proximity during the unreliable network. Moreover, those devices can offload intensive application or access completed cached tasks to provide efficient resource utilization & Quality of User Experience. The drawback is expressed based on Non-Cooperative Game Theory which is NP-hard to solve and we show that the game concedes a Nash Equilibrium. Our Scheme optimizes computational and storage resources efficiently. We have done exhaustive observation the outcome shows that our scheme provides better performance than the conventional scheme in terms of enhanced storage capability, high Quality of User Experience, and low energy consumption.
Blind Image Deconvolution using Pretrained Generative Priors

This paper proposes a novel approach to regularize the ill-posed blind image deconvolution (blind image deblurring) problem using deep generative networks. We employ two separate deep generative models - one trained to produce sharp images while the other trained to generate blur kernels from lower dimensional parameters. To deblur, we propose an alternating gradient descent scheme operating in the latent lower-dimensional space of each of the pretrained generative models. Our experiments show excellent deblurring results even under large blurs and heavy noise. To improve the performance on rich image datasets not well learned by the generative networks, we present a modification of the proposed scheme that governs the deblurring process under both generative and classical priors.
Assessment of epithelial–mesenchymal transition signatures in oral submucous fibrosis

Background: Recently, the concept of field cancerization has questioned the accuracy of biopsy site selection clinically. Oral submucous fibrosis (OSMF) has a global malignant transformation rate of 7.6% despite having less dysplastic changes clinically or histologically. Hence, this study was undertaken to evaluate the expression of vimentin, epithelial-cadherin (E-Cad) and collagen IV in OSMF, using immunohistochemistry and polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Materials and Methods: One hundred and eighty- five patients with OSMF (61), with habits and no OSMF (61) and patients without habit and OSMF (63) were subjected to biopsy for sample collection. The samples were analyzed immunohistochemically for vimentin, E-Cad and collagen IV. The PCR values for vimentin and E-Cad were also done. Results: Vimentin expression was increased in OSMF patients, whereas E-Cad expression was decreased in OSMF patients. Conclusion: Epithelial–mesenchymal transition signatures are definitely positive in OSMF cases.
Comparing ternary and binary adders and multipliers

While many papers have proposed implementations of ternary adders and ternary multipliers, no comparisons have generally been done with the corresponding binary ones. We compare the implementations of binary and ternary adders and multipliers with the same computing capability according to the basic blocks that are 1-bit and 1-trit adders and 1-bit and 1-trit multipliers. Then we compare the complexity of these basic blocks by using the same CNTFET technology to evaluate the overall complexity of N-bit adders and M-trit adders on one side, and NxN bit multipliers and MxM trits multipliers with M = N/IR (IR = log(3)/log(2) is the information ratio). While ternary adders and multipliers have less input and output connections and use less basic building blocks, the complexity of the ternary building blocks is too high and the ternary adders and multipliers cannot compete with the binary ones.
Early Supernova Emission: Logarithmic Corrections to the Planar Phase

When the shock wave generated in a supernova explosion breaks out of the stellar envelope, the first photons, typically in the X-ray-to-UV range, escape to the observer. Following this breakout emission, radiation from deeper shells diffuses out of the envelope as the supernova ejecta expands. Previous studies have shown that the radiation throughout the planar phase (i.e., before the expanding envelope has doubled its radius) originates in the same mass coordinate, called the “breakout shell. ” We derive a self-similar solution for the radiation inside the envelope and show that this claim is incorrect and that the diffusion wave propagates logarithmically into the envelope (in a Lagrangian sense), rather than remaining at a fixed mass coordinate. The logarithmic correction implies that the luminosity originates in regions where the density is ∼10 times higher than previously thought, where the photon production rate is increased and helps thermalization. We show that this result has significant implications for the observed temperature. In our model, the radiation emitted from blue supergiant and Wolf–Rayet explosions is still expected to be out of thermal equilibrium during the entire planar phase, but the observed temperature will decrease by 2 orders of magnitude, contrary to previous estimates. Considering the conditions at the end of the planar phase, we also find how the temperature and luminosity transition into the spherical phase.
Optimal estimation of functionals of high-dimensional mean and covariance matrix.

Motivated by portfolio allocation and linear discriminant analysis, we consider estimating a functional $\mathbf{\mu} \mathbf{\Sigma}^{-1} \mathbf{\mu}$ involving both the mean vector $\mathbf{\mu}$ and covariance matrix $\mathbf{\Sigma}$. We study the minimax estimation of the functional in the high-dimensional setting where $\mathbf{\Sigma}^{-1} \mathbf{\mu}$ is sparse. Akin to past works on functional estimation, we show that the optimal rate for estimating the functional undergoes a phase transition between regular parametric rate and some form of high-dimensional estimation rate. We further show that the optimal rate is attained by a carefully designed plug-in estimator based on de-biasing, while a family of naive plug-in estimators are proved to fall short. We further generalize the estimation problem and techniques that allow robust inputs of mean and covariance matrix estimators. Extensive numerical experiments lend further supports to our theoretical results.
Toward Tactile Internet in Beyond 5G Era: Recent Advances, Current Issues, and Future Directions

Tactile Internet (TI) is envisioned to create a paradigm shift from the content-oriented communications to steer/control-based communications by enabling real-time transmission of haptic information (i.e., touch, actuation, motion, vibration, surface texture) over Internet in addition to the conventional audiovisual and data traffics. This emerging TI technology, also considered as the next evolution phase of Internet of Things (IoT), is expected to create numerous opportunities for technology markets in a wide variety of applications ranging from teleoperation systems and Augmented/Virtual Reality (AR/VR) to automotive safety and eHealthcare towards addressing the complex problems of human society. However, the realization of TI over wireless media in the upcoming Fifth Generation (5G) and beyond networks creates various non-conventional communication challenges and stringent requirements in terms of ultra-low latency, ultra-high reliability, high data-rate connectivity, resource allocation, multiple access and quality-latency-rate tradeoff. To this end, this paper aims to provide a holistic view on wireless TI along with a thorough review of the existing state-of-the-art, to identify and analyze the involved technical issues, to highlight potential solutions and to propose future research directions. First, starting with the vision of TI and recent advances and a review of related survey/overview articles, we present a generalized framework for wireless TI in the Beyond 5G Era including a TI architecture, the main technical requirements, the key application areas and potential enabling technologies. Subsequently, we provide a comprehensive review of the existing TI works by broadly categorizing them into three main paradigms; namely, haptic communications, wireless AR/VR, and autonomous, intelligent and cooperative mobility systems. Next, potential enabling technologies across physical/Medium Access Control (MAC) and network layers are identified and discussed in detail. Also, security and privacy issues of TI applications are discussed along with some promising enablers. Finally, we present some open research challenges and recommend promising future research directions.
Signature of jamming under steady shear in dense particulate suspensions

Under an increasing applied shear stress (), the viscosity of many dense particulate suspensions increases drastically beyond a stress onset (), a phenomenon known as discontinuous shear-thickening. Recent studies point out that some suspensions can transform into a stress induced solid-like shear jammed (SJ) state at high particle volume fraction (). SJ state develops a finite yield stress and hence is distinct from a shear-thickened state. Here, we study the steady state shear-thickening behaviour of dense suspensions formed by dispersing colloidal polystyrene particles (PS) in polyethylene glycol (PEG). We find that for small values the viscosity of the suspensions as a function of can be well described by Krieger–Dougherty (KD) relation. However, for higher values of (), KD relation systematically overestimates the measured viscosity, particularly for higher values. This systematic deviation can be rationalized by the weakening of the sample due to flow induced failures of the solid-like SJ state. Using Wyart–Cates model, we propose a method to predict the SJ onset from the steady state rheology measurements. Our results are further supported by in situ optical imaging of the sample boundary under shear.