Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Randomized Trial of a Modification of Rainwater Street Catch Basins to Physically Control the Aedes aegypti Dengue Mosquito Vector

Dengue is the most important viral disease transmitted by mosquitoes. Ineffective vector control, cluttered urbanization, poor rainwater and wastewater management and increased air travel have encouraged the proliferation of the Aedes aegypti mosquito in Latin America, causing dengue and, more recently, zika and chikungunya, to become widespread public health problems. Vector control has targeted the reduction of breeding sites. Objective: For this reason, a randomized trial in a neighborhood of Cali, Colombia, subject to high dengue incidence was carried out. Materials and methods: Of 42 selected storm drains, 21 were randomly allocated for the installation of a filter bed that prevents water retention after a rain event (> 100 mm), with the remaining 21 being unmodified. The presence of standing water in the storm drains and the number of A. aegypti larvae were evaluated. Results and Discussion: Of the 21 modified (5 contained standing water) and unmodified storm drains (19 contained standing water), an Aedic Index (proportion positive for immature A. aegypti) of 5 % and 65 %, and a mean number of larvae per storm drain of 3.2 and 31.9, respectively, were obtained. A reduction of 90 % (p-value = 0.016) in the mean number was achieved. Conclusion: This intervention was effective against A. aegypti and is cost-effective (< $2/ inhabitant), environmentally friendly, and a sustainable strategy for the control of one of the most important breeding sites of this vector.
Heat Capacities of Cubic, Monoclinic, and Vitreous Arsenious Oxide from 5 to 360°K

Experimentally determined heat capacities, Cp, precise to better than 0.1%, and derived thermal data are reported for cubic and monoclinic crystalline and vitreous arsenious oxide at temperatures from 5 to 360°K. Cp for the glass is higher than for either crystal at all temperatures. Cp's for the cubic crystal are lower than those for the monoclinic between about 20 and 310°K and higher at temperatures below and above this range. Cp / T3 for the glass is still increasing with decreasing temperature at 5°K, although Cp / T3 for both crystals peaks a few degress above this. Cp's reported here for the monoclinic crystal are grossly different from those previously reported by Stranski's school. The corresponding entropy difference between the two crystals at 298.15°K reported here is 5.9 ± 0.2 J deg−1·mole−1, whereas that previously reported from Cp measurements by Stranski's school was 14.4 J deg−1·mole−1. Combined with a value newly obtained elsewhere for the enthalpy difference between the two crystals at .
EPIDEMIOLOGICAL CHARECTRIZATION ON EIMERIOSIS IN SMALL RUMINANTS IN BASRAH CITY OF SOUTHERN IRAQ

Coccidiosis, caused by Eimeria spp. which was an obligatory enteric intracellular apicomplexan protozoan parasite. This study focused an epidemiological characterization of Eimeria spp. infecting small ruminants in Basrah city in the southern of Iraq. The result with prevalence of Eimeriosis from the faecal samples totally 70.7% divided into sheep, goats, and grounds showed that 45.6; 38.9; 75.0% respectively. The analysis of variance with significant differences in occurrence of Eimeriosis among small ruminants that based on three categories; animal sex, age and faecal consistency showed no significant differences. Samples were collected from different region from Basrah city (North, East, West, South and from city center), and showed a high prevalence in sheep and on ground found in Al-Zubair region (23.0 and 25.0 %) respectively, while, the high prevalence in goats found in Al-Basrah region (27.78%), without significant differences among different regions under study. A high prevalence of Eimeriosis in sheep and goats according to the months study showed that the high prevalence found on December (30%) and the low prevalence found on October (2%). Finally, according to the morphological features Eimeria faurei with high prevalence 11.6 in sheep, while in goats Eimeria ninakohlyakimovae 28.6%, but on ground Eimeria ovinoidalis showed a high prevalence 19.0%.
Effect of phytase and phosphorus levels on soil phosphatase activity and nutrient availability in an inceptisol under fodder maize

The pot culture experiment was conducted to assess the ‘Effect of phytase and phosphorus levels on soil phosphatase activity and nutrient availability in an Inceptisol under fodder maize’ cultivation during kharif season, 2016-17 at Department of Soil Science and Agricultural Chemistry, Mahatma Phule Krishi Vidyapeeth, Rahuri. The treatment consisted four levels of phytase (1200, 2400, 3600 and 4800 IU) and phosphorus (0, 25, 50 and 75 kg P2O5 ha) with absolute control. Enzyme activity and nutrient availability in soil was assessed at 30 days after sowing and at harvest of fodder maize. It was observed that, application of phytase @ 4800 IU and 0 kg P2O5 ha recorded significantly higher acid (14.74 and 15.83 μg PNP g soil hr) and alkaline phosphatase activity (27.81 and 29.09 μg PNP g soil hr, respectively) at 30 days after sowing then declined at harvest of fodder maize. The application of phytase @ 4800 IU and 75 kg P2O5 ha recorded significantly higher available nitrogen (103.08 and 106.40 mg kg), phosphorus (11.35 and 11.67 mg kg) and potassium (185.63 and 186.50 mg kg, respectively) at 30 days after sowing then declined at harvest. In general, the application of phytase @ 4800 IU and 00 kg P2O5 ha significantly increased enzyme activity at 30 days after sowing then declined at harvest as well as significantly increased the available nutrient status at 30 days after sowing then declined at harvest by the application of phytase @ 4800 IU and 75 kg P2O5 ha. This study suggests that, application of phytase and phosphorus increasing the enzyme activity as well as nutrient availability in soil 30 days after sowing and at harvest as compared to the initial status.
REFORMULATION OF NEWCASTLE DISEASE VACCINE USING CHITOSAN NANOPARTICLES IN BROILER

Newcastle disease (ND) is an exceptionally infectious viral disease of poultry brought about by pathogenic strains of the Newcastle disease (ND). This study aimed to increase the time of immune response to the Newcastle vaccine by using chitosan nano-particles and protect ND vaccine from degradable. A live-ND vaccine (strain La Sota) against NDV carrying chitosan nanoparticles were created utilizing an ionic crosslinking technique. The NDV-CS-NPs vaccine were produced with good morphology, A 60 chicks (Breed: Rose 308, origin: Belgium) were weighed at hatching 39.3gm were used in this study. Blood samples were collected randomly in 5 days old for measuring of maternal immunity against Newcastle virus (NDv) using ELISA test (Indirect method). Measuring IgG level for detection immune response at 17 and 24 day old chicks. Chitosan nanoparticles were produced in good morphology and better dispersion. The reformulation of ND vaccine using chitosan nanoparticles that give highly immune response in compared with ND vaccine (La Sota), The immunological parameters were induced in this study (IgG) showed highest level of IgG in experimental one was 688.57 at 17day old chicks and 1207.94 at 24 day old chicks. Conclusion: The present results approve the Advancement of mucosal Newcastle disease vaccine carrying chitosan nanoparticles encouraging further studies in the future. NDV-CS-NPs vaccine triggered better protections of vaccinated chickens contrasted with the live NDV vaccine strain La Sota.
PRE-TREATMENT AND VALUE-ADDED PRODUCTS OF LIGNOCELLULOSIC WASTE: A REVIEW

This paper showcases advances over the last decade in the pretreatment and conversion of Lignocellulosic Wastes (LCWs) to value-added products. Physical, chemical, physicochemical and biological pretreatments are covered, as well as conversion to reducing sugars, bioethanol and biocomposites. Current barriers to usage of LCWs in industry mainly consist of economic costs due to either expensive chemicals/enzymes or high energy requirements. There are also barriers formed by the production of toxic byproducts or the use of toxic chemicals in pretreatments. However, much research is being focussed on the field which doubtless provides much hope for further progress towards the mainstream use of LCWs in industry.
Effects Of Entrepreneurial Trait On The Success Of Small And Medium Scale Enterprises: The Ghanaian Perspective

This study examined the effects of entrepreneurial trait on the success of small and medium scale enterprises (SMEs). Specifically, the paper identified the business success factors using financial and growth performance as indicators and further examined the relationship between the big five dimensions of entrepreneurs‘ traits and business success. Data was collected from 330 SME owners in Greater Accra who have at least five (5) years business experience in their respective businesses. Partial least squares (PLS) (Smart PLS 3.0) was used to analyze the collected data to test the proposed hypotheses. This study revealed that conscientiousness is a significant factor that influences business success from both financial and growth performance perspective. The results indicated that extraversion, agreeableness and neuroticism influence business success in parts and depending on the business success measurement tool. Thus, as agreeableness exerts significant impact on financial performance, extraversion and neuroticism were found to have a significant influence on growth performance. Also, the study revealed that openness to experience is insignificant under each of the dependent variables, the findings show a positively insignificant relation on financial performance and negatively insignificant relation on growth performance. The findings have implications for existing and prospective entrepreneurs and policymakers since it offers practical guidelines in developing strategies to enhance entrepreneur‘s skills thereby improving business successes with the view of helping to reduce high unemployment rate bedeviling Ghana.
ESSMO: An Efficient Search Scheme on Encrypted Cloud Data using Modular OPE

— In today’s world, the number of users/research scholars is increasing day by day. The maintenance of papers and searching of papers based on user search is done using TEESs algorithm, which makes use of Text Frequency-Inverse Document Frequency (TF-IDF). The unique articles in the TF-IDF matrix are found out and then the papers are listed for an input of user query based on descending order of TF-IDF. The algorithm is better with the higher the value of TF-IDF. In this paper, Modified TEES algorithm is proposed which is built on top of TF-IDF algorithm which mines additional information on the top keywords of each page in the article on the web. The proposed method makes use of Modular Order Preserving Encryption (MOPE) algorithm that helps in searching the data on encrypted format and more secure than existing Order Preserving Encryption Scheme (OPES) algorithm. During the ranking phase, the Modified TEES method compute the relevance score, which is the combination of TF-IDF along with the mined data and resolves the issues associated with TEES [1]. The Modified TEES is compared with TEES with respect to time taken for recommendations, throughput and relevance score. The results shows the proposed algorithm is efficient as compared to the existing algorithm.
IDENTIFICATION AND LABORATORY DIAGNOSIS OF SALMONELLA TYPHI ISOLATES FROM PATIENT SUFFERING FROM TYPHOID FEVER IN IRAQ

Salmonella typhi causes enteric fever, which is a serious public health problem in both developing and developed countries. Salmonella enteric subspecies, is considered a significant food-borne pathogen responsible for animal and human illness. Current study was designed for isolating and identifying of Salmonella typhi from blood samples of patient with typhoid fever. This study was conducted on 95 patients of both genders suffering from typhoid fever. They were aged 1 to 60 years. The blood samples were collected from hospitals of different localities in Iraq during the period from January 2019 to July 2019. Blood samples were cultured directly on brain heart infusion broth. After that the isolates were subcultured on blood agar, MacConkey agar, XLD agar, S.S agar. biochemical tests, combined with Vitek2 system were employed to identify the Salmonella typhi. The results of this study have shown that only fifty isolates were given typical morphological characteristics and biochemical tests related to Salmonella typhi. The highest incidence of Salmonella typhi in children was among the 110 years old age group, whereas the highest incidence in adults was among the 21-30 years old age group. It has been found that the incidence was higher among females (52%) compared to 48% in the males.
Non-inferiority versus Superiority for New Antibiotics in an Era of High Antimicrobial Resistance: the case for post-marketing Adaptive Randomized Controlled Trials AUTHORS: *MD

1). National Institute for Infectious Diseases Lazzaro Spallanzani-IRCCS, Rome, Italy. (Simone Lanini*: simone.lanini@inmi.it; Francesco Vairo: francesco.vairo@inmi.it; Virginia Di Bari virginia.dibari@inmi.it ; Antonino Di Caro: antonino.dicaro@inmi.it; Alessia Mammone: alessia.mammone@inmi.it ; Raffaella Pisapia: raffaella.pisapia@inmi.it;, Nicola Petrosillo:nicola.petrosillo@inmi.it; and Giuseppe Ippolito: giuseppe.ippolito@inmi.it)
Multi-Task Knowledge Distillation for Eye Disease Prediction

While accurate disease prediction from retinal fundus images is critical, collecting large amounts of high quality labeled training data to build such supervised models is difficult. Deep learning classifiers have led to high accuracy results across a wide variety of medical imaging problems, but they need large amounts of labeled data. Given a fundus image, we aim to evaluate various solutions for learning deep neural classifiers using small labeled data for three tasks related to eye disease prediction: (T1) predicting one of the five broad categories – diabetic retinopathy, age-related macular degeneration, glaucoma, melanoma and normal, (T2) predicting one of the 320 fine-grained disease sub-categories, (T3) generating a textual diagnosis. The problem is challenging because of small data size, need for predictions across multiple tasks, handling image variations, and large number of hyper-parameter choices. Modeling the problem under a multi-task learning (MTL) setup, we investigate the contributions of each of the proposed tasks while dealing with a small amount of labeled data. Further, we suggest a novel MTL-based teacher ensemble method for knowledge distillation. On a dataset of 7212 labeled and 35854 unlabeled images across 3502 patients, our technique obtains ~83% accuracy, ~75% top-5 accuracy and ~48 BLEU for tasks T1, T2 and T3 respectively. Even with 15% training data, our method outperforms baselines by 8.1, 3.2 and 11.2 points for the three tasks respectively.
ASSESSMENT OF SALT TOLERANCE BETWEEN THE SELECTED WHEAT GENOTYPES AND LOCAL CULTIVARS BY USING MOLECULAR TECHNIQUE (PCR AND REAL TIME PCR)

The (TaCTR1, TaCTR2 and TaCTR3-1) genes are a member of calreticulin (CRT) family in wheat, in the previous work, indicated that these genes enhanced tolerance to the salinity. The aimed of this study to detect the salt tolerant genes (TaCTR1, TaCTR2, TaCTR3-1) with estimation their expression under salinity conditions and Ca ion treatments in some wheat selected genotypes and local cultivars. PCR and real-time PCR were used to realize the above aimed. The results of real-time PCR quantitative showed the bands of these genes appeared only in Furat, 4H and 7H (the selected genotypes) while these bands absent in Iraq and Orok (salt sensitive cultivars). Under all salinity levels (2, 8 and 16 ds/m), the values of expression of TaCTR1, TaCTR2 and TaCTR3-1 of genes have been enhanced only in selected genotypes, and these values increased at high salinity level (16 ds/m) as compared with (2 ds/m) and (8 ds/m). The selected genotypes differed between them in expression degree at all genes and salinity levels. Whilst there are no genes expression appeared in local cultivars. The results also showed that adding Ca ions to the growth soils increased the values of expressions of all studied genes and genotypes especially at high salinity level. Therefore, according to these results of genes detection and expression there is improvement in these selected genotypes for salt tolerance through the plant breeding programs and by using Ca ion as fertilizer.
PHYTOCHEMICAL SCREENING AND ANTIFUNGAL ACTIVITY EVALUATION OF GUM ARABIC (ACACIA

Studies on the Acacia tortilis (Forssk) species are numerous due to the ecological, economic and social importance of this species in several countries. For this, the aim of our work is the evaluation of the antifungal effect of the aqueous extract of gum Arabic exuded from Acacia tortilis (Forssk) and an attempt to characterize these main constituents by biochemical methods (screening phytochemical by reactions color and by thin layer chromatography). The results of this study reveal a wealth of gum in flavonoids, tannins, sterols, oses. The antifungal power of the aqueous extract based on gum Arabic has shown that the appearance of the zones of inhibition is proportionally linked to the increase in the dilution of the extract (1/100, 1/250, 1 / 500, 1/1000, 1/5000). However, Fusarium oxysporum have a resistance compared to other strains of mold.
BIASED GRADIENT ESTIMATORS IN SIMULATION OPTIMIZATION

Within the simulation community, the prevailing wisdom seems to be that when solving a simulation optimization problem, biased gradient estimators should not be used to guide a local-search algorithm. On the contrary, we argue that for certain problems, biased gradient estimators may still provide useful directional information. We focus on the infinitesimal perturbation analysis (IPA) gradient estimator, which is biased when an interchange of differentiation and expectation fails. Although a local-search algorithm guided by biased gradient estimators will likely not converge to a local optimal solution, it might be expected to reach a neighborhood of one. We test such a gradient-based search on an ambulance base location problem, demonstrating its effectiveness in a non-trivial example, and present some supporting theoretical results.
Multiple Automated Reactor Systems (MARS). 2. Effect of Microreactor Configurations on Homogeneous Gas-Phase and Wall-Catalyzed Reactions for 1,3-Butadiene Oxidation

Wall-catalyzed and homogeneous gas-phase reactions for the gas-phase oxidation of 1,3-butadiene are studied using the Multiple Automated Reactor System (MARS) described in part 1 of this series of papers to assess reaction inertness for a typical parallel catalytic reactor system. The heterogeneous catalyzed version of 1,3-butadiene oxidation represents an alternate C4 hydrocarbon-based route for the manufacture of a tetrahydrofuran (THF) monomer. Polyether glycol polymers derived from THF are used to manufacture various commercial materials where elastic or flexible impact-resistant properties are desirable. Experiments were performed using parallel banks of the MARS U-tube and straight-through-tube reactor designs in both empty tube and packed-bed modes. Empty tube mode data using typical heterogeneous catalyst reaction conditions showed the presence of significant reactant conversion to combustion products for both reactor designs. The U-tube design generated different reactant conversion results when .
Transient diffusion through a membrane separating finite and semi-infinite volumes

The transient diffusion of penetrant through a membrane separating a finite from a semi-infinite volume is investigated. Solutions of the diffusion equation reduce for long times to relatively simple expressions from which diffusion constants, solubilities and permeabilities may be calculated. The procedures developed are applied to the diffusion of carbon dioxide and propane through a silicone rubber membrane.
Calorimetric investigation of polymerization reactions. V. Crosslinked copolymerization of methyl methacrylate with ethylene dimethacrylate

The crosslinked copolymerization of methyl methacrylate with ethylene dimethacrylate (EDMA) in bulk and in toluene has been investigated by differential scanning calorimetry. The appearance of a second peak, in addition to that arising from the gel effect, noted in curves of bulk copolymerization rate (fraction of EDMA mE = 0.20) is explained by the formation of microgels during the copolymerization. With mE = 0.50–1.00, copolymerization proceeds heterogeneously at first, providing opaque microgels, which become transparent polymer in a later stage at a weight fraction of toluene wT ≦ 0.20 and independent polymer particles at wT ≧ 0.30. A diagram is given which illustrates three types of copolymerization depending on initial composition of monomers and toluene. Final conversions for mE ≦ 0.10 agree well with predictions. Copolymerization at mE ≧ 0.20 ceases because of reduction of segmental mobility due to dense network formation in microgel, though the whole system is not yet in glassy state. Data of final conversions in solution copolymerization also support the above mechanism.
Translating Research Findings Into a Hmong American Children’s Book to Promote Understanding of Persons with Alzheimer’s Disease

Findings from an ethnographic study identified dementia (i.e., Alzheimer’s disease) as an important but often overlooked issue within the Hmong American community. Elders with dementia often lived in the home of a married son who had children of his own. Children were reported to have difficulty understanding the memory and behavioral changes associated with the progressive disease. This lack of understanding adversely affected the relationship between the child and elder. A bilingual illustrated children’s book entitled Grandfather’s Story Cloth has been developed to address this issue. General themes from the life experiences of family caregivers were used to provide a culturally meaningful storyline. The book introduces the idea of using a story cloth to stimulate Grandfather’s remote memory thereby enhancing communication and understanding between Grandson and Grandfather. The educational value of the book is augmented with discussion questions and answers that support a family based approach to learning. To promote access, the Extendicare Foundation provided funds for the purchase and distribution of 1000 copies of this book to select organizations that serve the Hmong-American community. Initial feedback regarding the educational value and cultural appropriateness of Grandfather’s Story Cloth by members of the Hmong American community, educators, elementary students, librarians, and health care professionals is presented. Introduction Overall it is estimated that more than 5 million Americans currently have a diagnosis of Alzheimer’s disease (Alzheimer’s Association, 2008). However, there are no statistics specific to the prevalence of this disease within the Hmong American community. Alzheimer’s disease is characterized by severe cognitive and behavioral changes that progress over time. Although short-term memory is severely impaired in persons with Alzheimer’s disease, remote memory (i.e. autobiographical memory) often remains intact well into the advanced stages of the disease process (Gluseppe, Snitz, Sorcinelli, & Daum, 2004). Cultural values and beliefs about dementia (i.e. Alzheimer’s disease) that are held by elders and their family affect caregiving and help-seeking behaviors (Janevic & Connell, 2001; Yeo & Gallager-Thompson, 2006). The majority of research on family caregiving of persons with dementia has focused on large ethnic groups who have a long-standing presence in the U.S. Other groups, such as Hmong Americans, have been a neglected focus of research. There is need for an increased understanding of Hmong elders with dementia and the family caregiving