Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The Effectiveness of Yoga on Cancer-Related Fatigue: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

PROBLEM IDENTIFICATION The aim of this article is to evaluate the effectiveness of yoga on cancer-related fatigue (CRF) in patients undergoing chemotherapy and/or radiation therapy. LITERATURE SEARCH Relevant English and Chinese articles were retrieved from medical databases and included in this analysis. Standardized critical appraisal instruments from the Joanna Briggs Institute were adopted for the quality assessment. DATA EVALUATION 16 randomized controlled trials met the inclusion criteria. SYNTHESIS Yoga interventions had a positive effect in reducing CRF among patients undergoing chemotherapy and/or radiation therapy, but the adherence to yoga was low. Mixed types of yoga, in addition to supervised and self-practicing strategies, were associated with increased patient adherence and improved CRF. IMPLICATIONS FOR PRACTICE Yoga appears to be a safe and effective exercise for the management of CRF during chemotherapy and/or radiation therapy; however, additional high-quality studies are needed to define an optimal yoga intervention strategy.
Nurse-Delivered Telephone Intervention to Reduce Oral Mucositis and Prevent Dehydration.

PROBLEM STATEMENT This study evaluates the feasibility of a nurse-delivered telephone intervention to reduce oral mucositis severity and prevent dehydration in patients with lung or head and neck cancer undergoing chemotherapy and radiation therapy. DESIGN This study used a two-phase, qualitatively driven, mixed-methods descriptive design. DATA SOURCES 11 participants were recruited from an academic cancer center in southern Florida. Participants received symptom management education followed by twice-weekly tailored nurse coaching telephone calls. ANALYSIS Questionnaires measuring symptom severity, health-related quality of life, perceived self-efficacy, and symptom self-management were administered at four data points. Data on unscheduled medical visits were collected. Guided interviews were conducted four weeks post-treatment and analyzed qualitatively using content analysis. FINDINGS Participants found the intervention to be acceptable. Oral mucositis symptom severity was minimized, and dehydration was avoided. The intervention enabled symptom self-management and improved perceived self-efficacy. IMPLICATIONS FOR PRACTICE Emotional support provided by the nurse was crucial, exemplifying improvement over an automated system.
Dexterity of the Less Affected Hand in Children With Hemiplegic Cerebral Palsy

Background: To determine if the “unaffected” hand in children with hemiplegic cerebral palsy (CP) is truly unaffected. Methods: We performed a retrospective review of manual dexterity as measured by the Functional Dexterity Test (FDT) in 66 children (39 boys, 27 girls, mean age: 11 years 4 months) with hemiplegic CP. Data were stratified by Manual Ability Classification System (MACS) level, birth weight, and gestational age at birth, and compared with previously published normative values. Results: The FDT speed of the less affected hand is significantly lower than typically developing (TD) children (P < .001). The development of dexterity is significantly lower than TD children (0.009 vs. 0.036 pegs/s/year, P < .001), with a deficit that increases with age. MACS score, birth weight, and age at gestation are not predictors of dexterity. The dexterity of the less affected hand is poorly correlated with that of the more affected hand. Conclusions: Both dexterity and rate of fine motor skill acquisition in the less affected hand of children with hemiplegic CP is significantly less than that of TD children. The less affected hand should be evaluated and included in comprehensive treatment plans for these children.
Repair of articular cartilage defect using adipose‐derived stem cell‐loaded scaffold derived from native cartilage extracellular matrix

The purpose of this study was to investigate the feasibility of adipose‐derived stem cells (ADSCs) as the seed cells of cartilage tissue engineering. ADSCs were isolated from adipose tissue that was harvested under sterile conditions from the inguen fold of porcines and cultured in vitro. Acellular cartilage extracellular matrix (ACECM) scaffolds of pigs were then constructed. Moreover, inflammatory cells, as well as cellular and humoral immune responses, were detected using hematoxylin and eosin staining staining, immunohistochemical staining, and western blot analysis. The results showed that the cartilage complex constructed by ADSCs and ACECM through tissue engineering successfully repaired the cartilage defect of the pig knee joint. The in vivo repair experiment showed no significant difference between chondrocytes, ADSCs, and induced ADSCs, indicating that ADSCs do not require in vitro induction and have the potential for chondrogenic differentiation in the environment around the knee joint. In addition, pig‐derived acellular cartilage scaffolds possess no obvious immune inflammatory response when used in xenotransplantation. ADSCs may serve as viable seed cells for cartilage tissue engineering.
Nutritional Management of the Critically Ill Neonate: A Position Paper of the ESPGHAN Committee on Nutrition

ABSTRACT Objectives: The nutritional management of critically ill term neonates and preterm infants varies widely, and controversies exist in regard to when to initiate nutrition, mode of feeding, energy requirements, and composition of enteral and parenteral feeds. Recommendations for nutritional support in critical illness are needed. Methods: The ESPGHAN Committee on Nutrition (ESPGHAN-CoN) conducted a systematic literature search on nutritional support in critically ill neonates, including studies on basic metabolism. The Medline database and the Cochrane Library were used in the search for relevant publications. The quality of evidence was reviewed and discussed before voting on recommendations, and a consensus of 90% or more was required for the final approval. Important research gaps were also identified. Results: This position paper provides clinical recommendations on nutritional support during different phases of critical illness in preterm and term neonates based on available literature and expert opinion. Conclusion: Basic research along with adequately powered trials are urgently needed to resolve key uncertainties on metabolism and nutrient requirements in this heterogeneous patient population.
A coregulator shift, rather than the canonical switch, underlies thyroid hormone action in the liver

In this study, Shabtai et al. investigated the mechanism of thyroid hormone (TH)-dependent gene repression, generated a mouse line in which endogenous thyroid hormone receptor TRβ1 was epitope-tagged to allow precise chromatin immunoprecipitation at the low physiological levels of thyroid hormone receptors (TR), and defined high-confidence binding sites where TR functioned at enhancers regulated in the same direction as the nearest gene in a TRβ-dependent manner. Their results demonstrate that, in contrast to the canonical “all or none” coregulator switch model, TH regulates gene expression by orchestrating a shift in the relative binding of corepressors and coactivators.
Future directions in Hodgkin lymphoma: checkpoint inhibitors and beyond

Abstract Classic Hodgkin lymphoma (cHL) is curable with chemotherapy but relapses occur in approximately 30% of cases. Novel agents, including brentuximb vedotin (BV) and programmed cell death-1 (PD-1) inhibitors, alone or in combination with chemotherapy, have encouraging activity in newly diagnosed and relapsed/refractory cHL, confirming that the use of agents that target tumor cells or the tumor microenvironment are promising strategies to improve patient outcomes. The field of immunotherapy in cHL is now moving toward combinations of PD-1 inhibitors with other immunological agents such as cytotoxic T- lymphocyte associated protein-4 (CTLA-4) inhibitors, newer PD-1 inhibitors such as sintilimab, tislelizumab, avelumab and camrelizumab, bispecific antibodies such as AFM-13, cellular therapies using CD30 chimeric antigen T-cells (CD30.CART) and anti-CD25 antibody-drug conjugates such as camidanlumab tesirine (cami-T). Here we review early phase studies evaluating these approaches in the treatment of cHL.
Site-specific analysis of N-glycans from different sheep prion strains

Prion diseases are a group of neurodegenerative diseases affecting a wide range of mammalian species, including humans. During the course of the disease, the abnormally folded scrapie prion protein (PrPSc) accumulates in the central nervous system where it causes neurodegeneration. In prion disorders, the diverse spectrum of illnesses exists because of the presence of different isoforms of PrPSc where they occupy distinct conformational states called strains. Strains are biochemically distinguished by a characteristic three-band immunoblot pattern, defined by differences in the occupancy of two glycosylation sites on the prion protein (PrP). Characterization of the exact N-glycan structures attached on either PrPC or PrPSc is lacking. Here we report the characterization and comparison of N-glycans from two different sheep prion strains. PrPSc from both strains was isolated from brain tissue and enzymatically digested with trypsin. By using liquid chromatography coupled to electrospray mass spectrometry, a site-specific analysis was performed. A total of 100 structures were detected on both glycosylation sites. The N-glycan profile was shown to be similar to the one on mouse PrP, however, with additional 40 structures reported. The results presented here show no major differences in glycan composition, suggesting that glycans may not be responsible for the differences in the two analyzed prion strains.
The triad: respiratory microbiome – virus – immune response in the pathophysiology of pulmonary viral infections

ABSTRACT Introduction The longstanding dogma that the healthy lung is sterile has been refuted by recent advances in culture-independent analyses of airway samples. The respiratory microbiome comprises all airway and lung tissue-associated microbes. These micro-organisms occur throughout the upper and lower respiratory tracts, with different populations and distinct burdens at specific sites and can be classified as pathogenic or commensal. Areas covered The majority of studies investigating the respiratory microbiome have focused on bacteria; however, emerging evidence has revealed the composition of the lung virome, the global viral communities present in the lung tissue. In this review, we searched PubMed and used keywords such as airway microbiome. We restricted outputs to English language and did not limit by any dates. We summarize the up-to-date knowledge on how the microbiome interacts with the host immune system and influences the pathogenesis of pulmonary viral infections. Expert opinion The relationship between colonizing microbes and the host is complex and various factors need to be considered in order to appreciate its pathophysiological consequences. Understanding these intricate mechanisms of interaction among the respiratory microbiome, viruses and the immune response may lead to the development of better therapies to treat or prevent respiratory viral infections.
A person-centered analysis of ethnic-racial socialization patterns and their identity correlates in multiracial college students.

OBJECTIVES Little is understood about how Multiracial individuals are socialized around race and ethnicity, and how these socialization messages are related to ethnic-racial identity development. METHOD This study utilizes a person-centered framework with a diverse sample of 286 Multiracial college students to examine the patterns of ethnic-racial socialization messages individuals received from their primary caregiver. RESULTS A latent profile analysis of caregivers' socialization messages produced a four-profile solution: Typical Messages (socialization messages with average frequency), Minority Messages (frequent cultural socialization and preparation for bias geared toward minority group membership), High Mistrust (frequent promotion of mistrust messages), and Low Frequency (all socialization messages at low frequency). Overall, profile differences were evident with respect to ethnic-racial identity endorsement, where participants in the Minority Messages profile endorsed the greatest levels of ethnic/racial exploration. In addition, individuals in the Minority Messages profile also endorsed higher levels of ethnic/racial identity resolution and affirmation than the High Mistrust and Low Frequency Messages profile. Individuals in the High Mistrust profile endorsed greater levels of identity conflict than the Minority Messages profile. CONCLUSIONS The current study provides evidence that the pattern of socialization messages Multiracial participants received growing up impact their ethnic-racial identity endorsement. Results highlight the need for continued quantitative and person-centered work when studying socialization and identity in Multiracials. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2021 APA, all rights reserved).
Phospho-eIF4E: a new target for acute myeloid leukemia.

The eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4E (eIF4E) is dysregulated in a wide variety of cancers. Higher expression of eIF4E promotes tumorigenesis and has been implicated in cancer development and progression. Regulation of eIF4E is particularly controlled through phosphorylation yielding phospho-eIF4E (p-eIF4E). p-eIF4E is a signaling molecule that participate in several pathways, including regulating various cancer-related processes. The role of phosphorylation of eIF4E at Serine 209 on oncogenic transformation has been appreciated for the last 10 years and has been under active investigation as a therapeutic target for cancers including acute myeloid leukemia (AML), but the expression of p-eIF4E in the nucleus and the specific molecular mechanism of action remain largely unresolved. It is selectively and highly expressed in AML where its expression was associated with poor outcomes and prognosis. The purpose of this review is to describe p-eIF4E as an indicator prognosis and a potential anticancer target for biological therapy of AML.
Perspective: The Importance of Water Security for Ensuring Food Security, Good Nutrition, and Well-being

ABSTRACT Water security is a powerful concept that is still in its early days in the field of nutrition. Given the prevalence and severity of water issues and the many interconnections between water and nutrition, we argue that water security deserves attention commensurate with its importance to human nutrition and health. To this end, we first give a brief introduction to water insecurity and discuss its conceptualization in terms of availability, access, use, and stability. We then lay out the empirical grounding for its assessment. Parallels to the food-security literature are drawn throughout, both because the concepts are analogous and food security is familiar to the nutrition community. Specifically, we review the evolution of scales to measure water and food security and compare select characteristics. We then review the burgeoning evidence for the causes and consequences of water insecurity and conclude with 4 recommendations: 1) collect more water-insecurity data (i.e., on prevalence, causes, consequences, and intervention impacts); 2) collect better data on water insecurity (i.e., measure it concurrently with food security and other nutritional indicators, measure intrahousehold variation, and establish baseline indicators of both water and nutrition before interventions are implemented); 3) consider food and water issues jointly in policy and practice (e.g., establish linkages and possibilities for joint interventions, recognize the environmental footprint of nutritional guidelines, strengthen the nutrition sensitivity of water-management practices, and use experience-based scales for improving governance and regulation across food and water systems); and 4) make findings easily available so that they can be used by the media, community organizations, and other scientists for advocacy and in governance (e.g., tracking progress towards development goals and holding implementers accountable). As recognition of the importance of water security grows, we hope that so too will the prioritization of water in nutrition research, funding, and policy.
The impact of unrestricted access to direct-acting antiviral among incarcerated hepatitis C virus-infected patients

Background/Aims Despite the disproportionally high prevalence rates of hepatitis C virus (HCV) amongst the incarcerated population, eradication remains challenging due to logistic and financial barriers. Although treatment prioritization based on disease severity is commonly practiced, the efficacy of such approach remained uncertain. We aimed to compare the impact of unrestricted access to direct-acting antiviral (DAA) among incarcerated HCV-infected patients in Singapore. Methods In this retrospective study, we reviewed all incarcerated HCV-infected patients treated in our hospital during the restricted DAA era (2013–2018) and unrestricted DAA access era (2019). Study outcomes included the rate of sustained virological response (SVR), treatment completion and treatment default. Subgroup analysis was performed based on the presence of liver cirrhosis, HCV genotype and HCV treatment types. Results A total of 1,001 HCV patients was followed-up for 1,489 person-year. They were predominantly male (93%) with genotype-3 HCV infection (71%), and 38% were cirrhotic. The overall SVR during the restricted DAA access era and unrestricted DAA access era were 92.1% and 99.1%, respectively. Unrestricted access to DAA exponentially improved the treatment access among HCV-infected patients by 460%, resulting in a higher SVR rate (99% vs. 92%, P=0.003), higher treatment completion rate (99% vs. 93%, P<0.001) and lower treatment default rate (1% vs. 9%, P<0.001). Conclusion: In this large cohort of incarcerated HCV-infected patients, we demonstrated that unrestricted access to DAA is an impactful strategy to allow rapid treatment up-scale in HCV micro-elimination.
Optical Coherence Tomography Biomarkers: Vitreous Status Influence in Outcomes for Diabetic Macular Edema Therapy with 0.19-mg Fluocinolone Acetonide Implant

Background: The 0.19-mg fluocinolone acetonide (FAc) implant (ILUVIEN®; Alimera Sciences Ltd., Hampshire, UK) was approved for the treatment of vision impairment associated with chronic and refractory diabetic macular edema (DME). Objectives: To quantitatively assess functional and structural features in nonvitrectomized and vitrectomized DME patients after being treated with an FAc implant. Methods: Retrospective review of patients with DME receiving a single intravitreal injection of the FAc implant. The study was designed to analyze the presence of quantitative structural OCT biomarkers at baseline and 12 months after FAc therapy according to vitreous status. Results: A total of 41 eyes from 30 patients were included in this study. At 12 months after injection, vitrectomized patients had a lower central foveal thickness (p = 0.017) and fewer hyperreflective dots (p = 0.028) compared with nonvitrectomized. Thirty (73%) patients presented a significant functional improvement with 17 (42%) increasing at least 15 ETDRS letters. Overall, 22 (54%) eyes had a complete resolution of DME at the 12-month visit. Patients who needed additional therapy had a higher prevalence of subretinal fluid (42 vs. 3%, p = 0.005) at baseline. Conclusions: This study supports the effectiveness of the FAc implant and reports significant changes at 12 months after FAc injection.
Responses of microbial abundance and enzyme activity in integrated vertical-flow constructed wetlands for domestic and secondary wastewater

Although micro-organisms play a significant role in pollutant removal in constructed wetlands, little is known on the effect of wastewater-quality properties on microbial characteristics. In this study, two groups of integrated vertical-flow constructed wetland microcosms were applied to treat synthetic domestic wastewater and synthetic secondary effluent. The effects of wastewater-quality properties on microbial features were assessed. Results showed that higher values of microbial indicators were observed in the systems with domestic wastewater and in down-flow cells. Redundancy analysis revealed that organic matter concentration and temperature were two critical determinants influencing the microbial features.
Strategies for Rotation between Gabapentinoids in the Inpatient Setting

Abstract Guidance and evidence to support best practices in rotating between gabapentinoids is lacking. This retrospective cohort study was performed to describe and evaluate strategies for rotation. Patients rotated while admitted from June 1st, 2014 to April 25th, 2020 at a large, academic medical center were included. The primary outcome was the proportion of rotations using a direct switch strategy compared to a cross-taper strategy. Secondary outcomes were successful rotation, defined as stable or improved pain scores pre- to post-rotation, dose ratios, and adverse effects. A total of 67 patients were included. Median age was 50 years (35 − 59) and 58% (38) were male. The majority used a direct switch strategy (87%). Ninety-five percent of patients using the direct switch strategy and 78% of patients using the cross-taper strategy were successful. There was no difference in strategies between those who were successful and those who were not. Post hoc analysis of patients with normal renal function (eGFR ≥ 50 mL/min/1.73 m2) found that those who were successful were more likely to have used a direct switch strategy (p = 0.048). There were no differences in adverse effects. These findings suggest that either strategy is reasonable for gabapentinoid rotation in the inpatient setting.
Twelve tips for mindful teaching

Abstract Medical educators’ stressors continue to increase, and they increasingly find themselves removed from their learners. This distance is thought to contribute to the disenchantment many educators feel. The challenge for educators is to reengage with their learners and restore their satisfaction in teaching. Mindful teaching can help educators meet this challenge. Mindful teaching is not an instructional technique; rather, it is a way of being that the teacher embodies. Mindful teachers practice awareness, acceptance and curiosity. They recognize the needs of their learners, engaging with learners who are ‘at the ready’; encouraging those who might not be engaged; and advocating for those who need support. These educators are less susceptible to burnout and help learners develop their own mindfulness. The Tips noted in this article can help educators make deeper connections with their learners, garner greater sense of personal accomplishment and become invigorated by their learners’ achievements.