Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The usefulness of diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) for the detection of gastric cancer.

BACKGROUND/AIMS Diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) is already utilized in the important clinical diagnosis of brain ischemia and also for differentiating brain abscesses from metastatic brain tumors. Recent technical developments make DWI of the body feasible. Several studies have revealed the usefulness of DWI for the diagnosis of liver, ovary, parotid gland, kidney, and breast tumors. We herein present cases of gastric cancer detected by DWI and discuss the efficacy of DWI for the diagnosis of gastric cancer. METHODOLOGY We performed DWI, enhanced computed tomography (CT) and endoscopic examinations on 15 patients with gastric cancer. MR examinations were performed using the 1.5-T imager (Toshiba). We measured the signal intensity in a series of DWI images and calculated the apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) values in order to differentiate the tumors from normal tissues and inflammations. Two experienced radiologists evaluated the depth of tumor invasion into the gastric wall (tumor staging), the involvement of regional lymph nodes (nodal staging), and the presence or absence of metastasis (metastatic staging) on DWI and CT images according to the TMN classification system. TMN staging of each tumor was compared with the pathologic and surgical findings. RESULTS There were no differences between the DWI and the CT images regarding their abilities to detect advanced gastric cancer. However, DWI could detect peritoneal dissemination, liver metastasis, lymph nodes metastasis without any enhancement material more clearly than CT. CONCLUSIONS DWI is therefore considered to have the potential to be clinically effective for the evaluation of preoperative TMN staging of gastric cancer.
Mapping and Comparison of Quantitative Trait Loci for Oleic Acid Seed Content in Two Segregating Soybean Populations

Soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merr. ) produces 29.4% of the world's edible vegetable oil. An important determinant of the nutritional value and the oxidative stability of soybean oil is the oleic acid content. Elevation of the oleate content levels leads to the improvement of soybean oil quality. However, our knowledge of the genetic factors underlying oleate varia- tion in soybean seeds remains incomplete, hampering the use of marker-assisted selec- tion in soybean breeding programs. We used a whole-genome scan approach to identify oleate quantitative trait loci (QTLs) in a soybean population segregating for oleic acid content and a cognate segregating population to con- fi rm oleate QTL. A novel oleate QTL with mod- erate effects was revealed on linkage group F in the proximity of the simple sequence repeat marker sat_309, which was confi rmed in both populations across all environments tested. Furthermore, this study verifi ed the existence of an oleate QTL with moderate effects in the proximity of FAD2-1B isoform on linkage group I, which interacted epistatically with the oleate QTL on linkage group F. Oleate QTLs with mod- erate effects were also detected on linkage groups A2 and N only in one of the populations under study. Minor QTLs on linkage groups E, L, A1, and D2 confi rmed previous mapping studies for oleate content in soybean.
Assessing Temporal Emotion Dynamics Using Networks

Multivariate psychological processes have recently been studied, visualized, and analyzed as networks. In this network approach, psychological constructs are represented as complex systems of interacting components. In addition to insightful visualization of dynamics, a network perspective leads to a new way of thinking about the nature of psychological phenomena by offering new tools for studying dynamical processes in psychology. In this article, we explain the rationale of the network approach, the associated methods and visualization, and illustrate it using an empirical example focusing on the relation between the daily fluctuations of emotions and neuroticism. The results suggest that individuals with high levels of neuroticism had a denser emotion network compared with their less neurotic peers. This effect is especially pronounced for the negative emotion network, which is in line with previous studies that found a denser network in depressed subjects than in healthy subjects. In sum, we show how the network approach may offer new tools for studying dynamical processes in psychology.
Permeability and Mg2+ blockade of histamine‐operated cation channel in endothelial cells of rat intrapulmonary artery.

1. In the cell‐attached and inside‐out patch‐clamp experiments using undispersed endothelial cells of the rat intrapulmonary artery, the majority of channels were cation selective. 2. Under physiological ionic conditions, the I‐V relationship for the inward currents fell to ‐80 mV and the slope conductance was 22.5 pS. There was an inward rectification and the outward currents were smaller than the inward currents. 3. Under symmetric high‐K+ conditions, the slope conductance for the inward currents was 26.4 pS and the inward rectification was observed when the high‐K+ solution contained 1 mM‐Mg2+. The channel activity was weakly voltage dependent at negative membrane potentials, while it was much enhanced at positive potentials. 4. The channel activity did not depend on intracellular Ca2+ concentrations. 5. Mg2+ was not only impermeant, it also blocked this channel in a voltage‐dependent manner and rectifications appeared in the I‐V relationship. Mg2+ blocked the channel from both sides of the membrane. 6. Ca2+ permeated this channel and the permeability ratios calculated from the reversal potentials using the constant‐field theory were; PK:PNa:PCa = 1:1:15.7. 7. Histamine but not acetylcholine applied to the pipette activated this channel. Guanosine 5'‐O‐(3‐thiotriphosphate) (GTP gamma S) applied to the intracellular surface of the patch did not mimic the effect of histamine. 8. Thus, in the endothelial cell membrane of the rat intrapulmonary artery, there exists a cation channel which is selective to Ca2+ but also permeable to Na+ and K+. This channel has inward rectifying properties, possibly due to intracellular Mg2+. Histamine, but not acetylcholine, activates this cation channel to elevate endothelial [Ca2+]i.
Delayed release of transmitter at the frog neuromuscular junction

1. After the end‐plate potential (e.p.p.) there is an increase in the frequency of the miniature e.p.p.s. This delayed release of transmitter was studied at the frog neuromuscular junction, using conventional intracellular and extracellular recording techniques. E.p.p. amplitude was kept subthreshold by subnormal concentrations of activating divalent ions.
Accuracy of Wrist-Worn Heart Rate Monitors

Accuracy of Wrist-Worn Heart Rate Monitors Wrist-worn fitness and heart rate (HR) monitors are popular.1,2 While the accuracy of chest strap, electrode-based HR monitors has been confirmed,3,4 the accuracy of wrist-worn, optically based HR monitors is uncertain.5,6 Assessment of the monitors’ accuracy is important for individuals who use them to guide their physical activity and for physicians to whom these individuals report HR readings. The objective of this study was to assess the accuracy of 4 popular wrist-worn HR monitors under conditions of varying physical exertion.
Barriers to HIV/AIDS knowledge and prevention among deaf and hard of hearing people

Abstract This study investigated knowledge about HIV/AIDS and barriers to HIV/AIDS education and prevention among deaf and hard of hearing people. Focus groups and individual interviews were used to elicit information from various groups of people with a hearing loss in different regions of New York State. Themes elicited in the interviews suggested that deaf sign language users are less knowledgeable about HIV/AIDS than oral deaf and hard of hearing participants, and that deaf adolescents have more knowledge than deaf adults. These findings likely reflect differences in levels of education and English proficiency. In addition, participants living in urban areas and in sizeable deaf communities are more exposed to information about HIV/AIDS than other participants. All participants reported difficulties in communication with medical providers, limiting their access to health information and proper medical care. Recommendations for the design and dissemination of educational materials and greater access to services for deaf and hard of hearing people are provided.
Publications 2003-0801 Consensus-Based Table Form Recognition

Zoning documents increases the resolution of indexing from the image level to the field level. A line-delimited tabular document forms a well defined series of regions. However, as image quality decreases, accurate zoning becomes increasingly difficult. Given a sequence of documents with the same layout, we present a robust zoning method which exploits both intraand inter-document consensus to form a more accurate combined result (template) that can be applied to any other document with the same layout.
JGME-ALiEM Hot Topics in Medical Education: Analysis of a Multimodal Online Discussion About Team-Based Learning.

BACKGROUND Team-based learning (TBL) is an instructional method that is being increasingly incorporated in health professions education, although use in graduate medical education (GME) has been more limited. OBJECTIVE To curate and describe themes that emerged from a virtual journal club discussion about TBL in GME, held across multiple digital platforms, while also evaluating the use of social media in online academic discussions. METHODS The Journal of Graduate Medical Education (JGME) and the Academic Life in Emergency Medicine blog facilitated a weeklong, open-access, virtual journal club on the 2015 JGME article "Use of Team-Based Learning Pedagogy for Internal Medicine Ambulatory Resident Teaching. " Using 4 stimulus questions (hosted on a blog as a starting framework), we facilitated discussions via the blog, Twitter, and Google Hangouts on Air platforms. We evaluated 2-week web analytics and performed a thematic analysis of the discussion. RESULTS The virtual journal club reached a large international audience as exemplified by the blog page garnering 685 page views from 241 cities in 42 countries. Our thematic analysis identified 4 domains relevant to TBL in GME: (1) the benefits and barriers to TBL; (2) the design of teams; (3) the role of assessment and peer evaluation; and (4) crowdsourced TBL resources. CONCLUSIONS The virtual journal club provided a novel forum across multiple social media platforms, engaging authors, content experts, and the health professions education community in a discussion about the importance, impediments to implementation, available resources, and logistics of adopting TBL in GME.
Minimum bacterial density for bacteriophage replication: implications for significance of bacteriophages in natural ecosystems

Bacteriophage 80 alpha did not increase in number in cultures containing less than about 1.0 X 10(4) to 1.5 X 10(4) CFU of Staphylococcus aureus per ml, but bacteriophage replication did occur when the number of bacteria exceeded this density, either initially or as a result of host cell multiplication. The minimum density of an asporogenous strain of Bacillus subtilis required for an increase in the number of bacteriophage SP beta cI was about 3 X 10(4) CFU/ml. The threshold density of Escherichia coli for the multiplication of bacteriophage T4 was about 7 X 10(3) CFU/ml. In the presence of montmorillonite, bacteriophage T4 did not increase in number until the E. coli population exceeded 10(4) CFU/ml. The mineralization of glucose was not affected in E. coli cultures inoculated with a low number of bacteriophage T4, but it could not be detected in cultures inoculated with a large number of phage. The numbers of bacteriophage T4 and a bacteriophage that lyses Pseudomonas putida declined rapidly after being added to lake water or sewage. We suggest that bacteriophages do not affect the number or activity of bacteria in environments where the density of the host species is below the host cell threshold of about 10(4) CFU/ml.
Improving the Quality of Cognitive Behaviour Therapy Case Conceptualization: The Role of Self-Practice/Self-Reflection

Background: CBT case conceptualization is considered to be a key competency. Prior to the publication in 2009 of Kuyken, Padesky and Dudley's book, little has been documented concerning methods for training conceptualization skills and the conceptualization process is usually perceived as predominantly an intellectual process. In this paper, the Declarative-Procedural-Reflective model of therapist skill acquisition provides a route to understanding how different kinds of knowledge systems can be integrated to enhance therapist skill acquisition. Method: Sixteen recent graduates of a postgraduate diploma in cognitive behaviour therapy worked independently through a self-practice/self-reflection workbook designed to lead them through a series of CBT interventions commonly used to elicit the information required for a CBT conceptualization. Results: The participants’ self-reflections were thematically analyzed and uncovered the following inter-related themes: increased theoretical understanding of the CBT model, self-awareness, empathy, conceptualization of the therapeutic relationship, and adaptation of clinical interventions and practice. Conclusions: A tentative conclusion reached, based on the self-reflections of the participants, was that targeted self-practice/self-reflection enhanced case conceptualization skill by consolidating the Declarative, Procedural and Reflective systems important in therapist skill acquisition.
Expression and prognostic value of putative cancer stem cell markers CD117 and CD15 in choroidal and ciliary body melanoma

Aims The aim of the present study was to immunohistochemically investigate the expression and prognostic significance of putative cancer stem cell markers CD117 (c-kit), CD34, CD20 and CD15 in a cohort of patients with primary choroidal and ciliary body melanoma. Methods The immunohistochemical expression of these markers was evaluated using 3,3′-diaminobenzidine tetrahydrochloride (DAB) and 3-amino-9-ethylcarbazole (AEC) chromogens on paraffin-embedded tissue samples from 40 patients who underwent enucleation in the period from 1985 through 2000. Thirty-one patients had adequate tissue specimens for the analysis. Results CD117 overexpression was observed in 12 of the 31 samples (39%) when AEC chromogen was used and in 14 of 26 (54%) samples when DAB was used. CD15 positivity was seen in three out of 30 (10%) samples with AEC and in six out of 26 (23%) samples with DAB. CD20 and CD34 exhibited no positivity in the tested samples. During the average follow-up time of 8.7 years (range 0.5–22 years), 17 patients (55%) died due to metastatic disease. The Kaplan–Meier plots showed a significantly shorter overall and disease-free survival in CD117-positive patients when the AEC chromogen was used. CD15 expression was not associated with patients’ survival. In multivariate analysis, patients expressing the CD117 AEC had 4.13 times higher risk of lethal outcome in comparison with CD117 AEC negative patients. Conclusions Our retrospective cohort study has for the first time demonstrated a small proportion of CD15-positive uveal melanomas. CD117 AEC overexpression was associated with a worse outcome in patients with choroidal and ciliary body melanoma. Further studies should confirm the validity of these observations and their potential for targeted treatment modalities.
Dyslipoproteinaemia of liver disease.

Hepatic diseases differ from most other causes of secondary dyslipidaemia in that the circulating lipoproteins are not only present in abnormal amounts but they frequently also have abnormal composition, electrophoretic mobility and appearance. Pre-beta and alpha bands can be absent on electrophoresis in all types of liver disease although material in the VLDL and HDL ranges can be isolated in the ultracentrifuge. Cholestatic liver disease has been the most extensively studied and the hyperlipidaemia can be extreme with marked elevations of free cholesterol and phospholipids. This results largely from the presence of LP-X, an abnormal LDL, with a vesicular structure that appears in rouleaux formation under the electron microscope. It is virtually specific for cholestasis and familial LCAT deficiency. The LDL, however, is heterogeneous and may also contain a large triglyceride-rich particle (LP-Y) as well as more normal-looking particles, which are none the less depleted in cholesteryl esters and rich in triglycerides. Indeed, when patients with cholestasis are hypertriglyceridaemic the excess triglyceride is to be found predominantly in these two LDL fractions rather than in VLDL. HDL in cholestasis may contain disc-like particles, similar to those newly secreted by the liver and intestine, as well as more normal-looking spherical particles. In extrahepatic obstruction concentrations of HDL and its major apolipoproteins, apoAI and apoAII, are frequently reduced, although a subfraction rich in apoE is often found. In all but the latest stages of chronic intrahepatic cholestasis due to primary biliary cirrhosis, however, HDL, especially HDL2, concentrations are increased, probably due to the presence of a circulating inhibitor of HL. Many of these lipoprotein changes found in cholestasis resemble those of familial LCAT deficiency, although the hyperlipidaemia is not usually so severe in the latter condition. Indeed, in patients with cholestasis but well-preserved LCAT activity many of the characteristic lipoprotein changes, such as LP-X, LP-Y and discoidal HDL, may not be seen. In acute hepatocellular disease, such as alcoholic or viral hepatitis, it is not unusual for the patient to go through a cholestatic phase and many of the same lipoprotein changes may be seen. In cirrhosis without cholestasis the patients are not usually significantly hyperlipidaemic and in advanced cases cholesterol and apoB levels may be reduced. Although LCAT activity and the proportion of plasma cholesterol esterified may also be markedly reduced, LP-X is not usually seen, possibly because the flux of free cholesterol and phospholipid (lecithin), the LCAT substrates, is relatively low. Discoidal HDLs are often present. (ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)
The Mechanism of Suppression By a Protective Peptide in a Mouse Model of Multiple Sclerosis

Multiple Sclerosis (MS) is an autoimmune demyelinating disease of the central nervous system (CNS). MS is characterized by an immune response directed against myelin sheath. This immune response results in demyelination, which leads to the clinical symptoms of MS. It is accepted that MS is mediated by T helper 1/ T helper 17 immune responses. However, the role of B cells and antibodies (Abs) are still under debate. The primary animal model for MS is the experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) that is induced by immunizing animals with one of the myelin components. We previously showed that immunizing mice with the recombinant form of myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (rMOG) results in ameliorated EAE compared to mice immunized with the encephalitogenic peptide MOG35-55. This amelioration was due to the presence of a cryptic epitope of MOG61-85 in rMOG as observed in previous peptide mapping analysis. We further investigated the mechanism of EAE amelioration in mice immunized with a longer
Effects of Lifestyle Activity vs Structured Aerobic Exercise in Obese Women

OBESITY IS A SERIOUS AND common health problem. The most recent National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES III) reported that 33.4% of Americans are overweight, representing an increase from the 25% prevalence observed in the 1976-1980 survey. Although it is commonly believed that easy access to high-fat foods and overeating are the simple causes of obesity, mean energy intake and fat consumption in industrialized countries have declined substantially as obesity rates have escalated. During this time, levels of physical activity have steadily declined and a report by the surgeon general indicates that only 22% of US adults are currently active enough to derive the health benefits conferred by physical activity. These findings have prompted public health advisors to recommend that all Americans strive to accumulate 30 minutes or more of moderate-intensity physical activity on most, or preferably all, days of the week. Blair and colleagues have described a lifestyle approach to physical activity; in which sedentary adults incorporate short bouts of moderate-intensity activity into their daily routines, such as increasing the amount of walking in the daily routine, performing more yard work, and using the stairs when possible. The purpose of this investigation was to examine shortand long-term changes in weight, body composition, and cardiovascular risk profiles produced by diet Author Affiliations: Division of Geriatric Medicine and Gerontology (Dr Andersen and Mr Franckowiak) and Department of Medicine (Dr Bartlett), Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Md; Department of Psychiatry, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia (Dr Wadden); Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia (Dr Zemel); and Department of Sports Science, Cabrini College, Radnor, Pa (Dr Verde). Corresponding Author and Reprints: Ross E. Andersen, PhD, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Division of Geriatric Medicine and Gerontology, 5501 Hopkins Bayview Cir, JHAAC 5B:81, Baltimore, MD 21224 (e-mail: andersen@jhmi.edu). Context Physical inactivity contributes to weight gain, but only 22% of Americans are regularly active.
Positive clinical response to clopidogrel is independent of paraoxonase 1 Q192R and CYP2C19 genetic variants

There is increasing controversy about the influence of serum paraoxonase type 1 and cytochrome CYP2C19 in the conversion of clopidogrel to its pharmaceutically active metabolite. The effect of concomitant medication with the proton pump inhibitor omeprazole has been also subject of intense scrutiny.
Rothmund-thomson syndrome responsible gene, RECQL4: genomic structure and products.

RECQL4 is the fourth gene identified as a member of the human DNA helicase RecQ gene family including the genes for Werner syndrome (WRN) and Bloom syndrome, both of which are characterized by genomic instability. Recently, RECQL4 was identified as the gene responsible for some cases of Rothmund-Thomson syndrome (RTS), a rare autosomal recessive genetic disorder that shows chromosomal instability, premature aging, and a high risk of mesenchymal tumors. In this study, we show the genomic organization of the RECQL4 gene, including the exon-intron boundaries, the transcription initiation sites, and the potential promoter sequences, which facilitates further mutation analysis of the RECQL4 gene and studies to elucidate the pathogenesis behind RTS. The RECQL4 gene is in a small genome of 6.5 kb and consists of 21 exons. In the 5' upstream region, one Sp1 site and several AP 2 sites exist near the capping site, suggesting that the expression of RECQL4 is regulated by a housekeeping-type promoter similar to WRN. By comparative Northern blot analysis, we show that the RECQL4 transcripts are severely down-regulated in the cells from RTS patients, similar to our previous observation for WRN transcripts in cells from Werner patients. Immunocytochemical analysis indicated that the RECQL4 protein expressed in HeLa cells is in the nucleus and appears to be localized mainly in the nucleoplasm similar to WRN helicase.