Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Mass spectrometry evaluation of the hepcidin‐25 assay in the differential diagnosis of iron deficiency anaemia with concurrent inflammation and anaemia of inflammation in elderly patients

In this study, mass spectrometry was used to evaluate the hepcidin‐25 assay in the differential diagnosis of iron deficiency anaemia with concurrent inflammation and anaemia of inflammation in elderly patients using the absence of stainable bone marrow iron as the gold standard criterion for iron deficiency (ID). In addition, correlation coefficients for hepcidin‐25 vs. haematimetric and biochemical iron parameters, and C‐reactive protein (CRP) were determined. The optimal cut‐off for hepcidin‐25 was 31.5 ng/mL corresponding to a sensitivity and specificity of 82% and 95%, respectively, for ID. For ferritin, a sensitivity and specificity of 70% and 100%, respectively, correspond to an optimal cut‐off of 41.5 μg/L. Receiver operating characteristics curve analysis revealed that mass spectrometry analysis of hepcidin‐25 does not appear to be superior to ferritin in the diagnosis of ID in elderly anaemic patients with concurrent inflammation. Hepcidin‐25 shows a strong positive correlation with ferritin, and also correlates positively with CRP, in this patient population.
Compressed MR Imaging Using Wavelet Transform

The essential ambition of compressed sensing (CS) is to reconstruct signals and images from few measurements than actually necessary. Taking interest in transform domain of the sparse nature of the signals we can easily restore quality of image with subspace of samples. Moderate data procurement process is main impediment of a MRI machines. To conquer this, we propose an algorithm for MR reconstruction. The algorithm curtails L1 norm and total variation (TV) regularization. We divide the initial problem into total variation (TV) and L1 norm sub problem respectively, and solved by available techniques. And finally reconstructed image is obtained from middling solution of sub problem in an repetitious fashion. Then we compare the algorithm with current methods on the basis of signal to noise ratio (SNR) to reduced scan time Reduction for patient's welfare.
Splenorenal shunt: an ideal procedure in the Pacific.

HYPOTHESIS Splenorenal shunt, an accepted treatment to prevent recurrent variceal bleeding, is an ideal procedure for patients with psychosocial issues or limited access to tertiary medical centers. METHODS We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of 34 patients (32 distal splenorenal shunts and 2 central splenorenal shunts) treated from January 1, 1995, through December 31, 2001, for demographic data, substance abuse status, psychosocial factors, previous treatments, Child class, length of hospital stay, operative transfusions, complications, and outcome. RESULTS Of the 34 patients, 17 were from surrounding Pacific islands (as many as 3800 miles away from Honolulu, Hawaii). Sixteen patients were Child class A, and 18 were Child class B. Twenty-four patients were either homeless, actively involved in substance abuse, or being treated for psychiatric problems, and 20 patients were either uninsured or insured by third-party payers that did not cover liver transplantation. Four patients underwent distal splenorenal shunt for a failed transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt. Patients received a mean of 1.3 U of packed red blood cells (range, 0-5 U), and 15 received no blood transfusions. Mean length of hospital stay was 12.7 days (9 days postoperatively). Perioperative mortality was 8.8%. Three patients rebled postoperatively, 2 because of gastric ulcers and 1 because of an inadequate shunt. The 1-year survival rate was 95% in the 20 patients for whom data were available. CONCLUSIONS Splenorenal shunt is an important treatment for noncompliant patients or patients living in remote areas where access to specialized treatments, such as endoscopy, transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt, ultrasonography, and liver transplantation, is limited. We can achieve acceptable morbidity and mortality in this group of patients, although follow-up can be difficult.
2 Semantic Annotation of Discourse Structure

This paper describes the semantic annotations we are performing on theCallHome Japanese corpus of spontaneous, unscripted telephone conversations (LDC, 1996). Our annotations include (i) semantic classes for all nouns and verbs; (ii) verb senses for all main verbs; and (iii) relations between main verbs and their complements in the same utterance. Our semantic tagset is taken from NTT’s Goi-Taikei semantic lexicon and ontology (Ikehara et al., 1997). A pilot study demonstrates that the verb sense tagging can be efficiently performed by native Japanese speakers using computergenerated HTML forms, and that good interannotator reliability can be obtained in the right conditions.
A Compressive Sensing-Based Data Processing Method for Heterogeneous IoT Environments

Compressive Sensing (CS) is a stable and robust technique that allows for the sub-sampling of data at a given data rate: 'compressive sampling' or 'compressive sensing' at rates smaller than the Nyquist sampling rate. It makes it possible to create standalone and net-centric applications with fewer resources required in Internet of Things (IoT). In this paper, we investigate how CS can provide new insights into coexisting heterogeneous IoT environments. First, we briefly introduce the CS theory with respect to the sampling through providing a compressive sampling process with low computation costs. Then, a CS-based framework is proposed for IoT, in which the hub nodes measure, transmit, and store the sampled data into the fusion center. Then, an efficient cluster-sparse reconstruction algorithm is proposed for in-network compression aiming at more accurate data reconstruction and lower energy efficiency. Therefore, compression should be performed locally at each hub node and reconstruction is executed jointly to consider dependencies in the acquired data by the final fusion center.
Natural history of hepatitis C virus infection in HIV-infected individuals and the impact of HIV in the era of highly active antiretroviral therapy: a meta-analysis

Objectives:To estimate stage-specific transition probabilities in individuals coinfected with HIV and hepatitis C virus (HCV), to examine the effect of covariates on these rates, and to investigate the effect of HIV on HCV-related cirrhosis in the era of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART). Design:Systematic review of natural history studies among HCV-infected individuals. Methods:Markov maximum likelihood estimation method was used to estimate stage-specific transition probabilities. A meta-analysis was performed to obtain pooled transition probabilities, and a meta-regression to investigate the impact of covariates on these rates. Risk of cirrhosis between individuals monoinfected with HCV and coinfected with HIV/HCV were compared by HAART status. Results:The estimated mean (95% confidence intervals) annual transition probabilities of 3567 individuals coinfected with HIV/HCV (n = 17 studies) were as follows: fibrosis stage (F) F0 → F1 0.122 (0.098–0.153); F1 → F2 0.115 (0.095–0.140); F2 → F3 0.124 (0.097–0.159); and F3 → F4 0.115 (0.098–0.135) units/year. The prevalence of cirrhosis after 20 and 30 years of HCV infection was 21% (16–28%) and 49% (40–59%), respectively. Longer duration of HCV infection was significantly associated with slower rate of fibrosis progression. The overall rate ratio of cirrhosis between individuals coinfected with HIV/HCV and monoinfected with HCV (n = 27 studies) was 2.1 (1.5–3.0), 2.5 (1.8–3.4) in the non-HAART group, and 1.7 (1.1–2.8) in the HAART group. Conclusion:The rate of fibrosis progression among individuals coinfected with HIV/HCV appears constant. Our results confirm that chronic hepatitis C outcomes are worse among coinfected individuals. Over the period studied, HAART did not appear to fully correct the adverse effect of HIV infection on HCV prognosis.
Mo' Money, Mo' Problems: Monetary Motivation Can Exacerbate the Attentional Blink

The attentional blink (AB) is a compelling psychological phenomenon wherein observers are less likely to identify a second target (T2) when it appears approximately 200 ms after a first target (T1) in a rapidly presented stream of items. The present investigation examined how monetary motivation could impact the AB when participants were differentially motivated to identify T1 versus T2. Participants completed one of three conditions where the only difference across conditions was a motivational manipulation: a standard AB task (control condition), a motivated condition with T1 worth double the points of T2, or a motivated condition with T1 worth half the points of T2 (points in the motivated conditions were linked to a possible monetary bonus). Motivation had an expected influence on overall performance as both motivated conditions had higher overall T1 accuracy relative to the control condition. More specific to the question at hand, the AB was exacerbated (ie T2 performance was worse shortly after T1) when T1 was worth more than T2. This finding suggests that participants overallocated attentional resources to T1 processing at the expense of T2 processing, and it supports current theories of the AB.
Determinants of Bank Profitability before and during Crisis: Evidence from Bangladesh

This paper examined the factors of profitability and as we know the main components of banks profitability is measured by the return on average asset and return on average equity. Moreover, this research examined to find the relationship between profitability and its determinants in Bangladesh context during recession and Pre-recession. Some others external and internal factors also considered to measure the banking profitability of bank. Return on average asset (ROAA) is considered as a dependent variable and which is the measurement of profitability in this study, whether, independent variables are divided into two segments: those are bank-specific characteristics (internal factors) such as - Equity Over Total Assets (ETA), Cost-Income Ratio (CIR), Loan Loss Provisions Over Total Loans (LLPOTL), Yearly Growth Of Deposits (YGD), Net Interest Income Over Net Income (NII) and industry-specific characteristics (external factors) such as - Effective Tax Rate (ETR), Real GDP Growth (RGG), Treasury Bonds (TBDiff), Inflation Growth (IG). To conduct the research the data for pre-crisis period (2002-2006) and, on the contrary, during crisis situation (2007-2008) was taken. The results show that bank-specific (internal) and market-specific (external) factors have influence on bank profitability, but macroeconomic factors do not.
Computing quantiles in Markov chains with multi-dimensional costs

Probabilistic systems that accumulate quantities such as energy or cost are naturally modelled by cost chains, which are Markov chains whose transitions are labelled with a vector of numerical costs. Computing information on the probability distribution of the total accumulated cost is a fundamental problem in this model. In this paper, we study the so-called cost problem, which is to compute quantiles of the total cost, such as the median cost or the probability of large costs. While it is an open problem whether such probabilities are always computable or even rational, we present an algorithm that allows to approximate the probabilities with arbitrary precision. The algorithm is simple to state and implement, and exploits strong results from graph theory such as the so-called BEST theorem for efficiently computing the number of Eulerian circuits in a directed graph. Moreover, our algorithm enables us to show that a decision version of the cost problem lies in the counting hierarchy, a counting analogue to the polynomial-time hierarchy that contains the latter and is included in PSPACE. Finally, we demonstrate the applicability of our algorithm by evaluating it experimentally.
The Enlightenment as determinant of accounting change: The case of royal estate bookkeeping during the reign of Catherine II

Foucault studied the change in the governmental practices of European countries under the influence of Enlightenment. The transition from intuitive actions of power to the rational ways of governing developed the need for experts as a group of people with professional knowledge. Our article focuses on experts as the key element of this concept. The article argues that the symmetry between governmental needs and the experts’ qualifications is the crucial factor in the application of new accounting techniques. We investigate an attempt to introduce an accounting innovation in the royal estate during the reign of Russian Empress Catherine II. The failure of this innovation can be attributed to the lack of skilled experts in public sector accounting. The authors came to this conclusion through analysis of the archival sources, including the account books of the Moscow Palace Office, which has not been widely academically discussed from that point of view before.
Aggregate planning for probabilistic demand with internal and external
 storage

This paper presents three approaches to support decision-making for production planning, sales and inventory problems. They work in a situation with: non-stationary probabilistic demand; production capacity in regular hours and overtime; shortage leads to lost sales; limited internal storage space; and ordering costs resulting from machine preparation are negligible. In the first approach, we consider the problem as linear and deterministic. In the second, safety inventories are used to fill a probabilistic demand, but the possibility of stockout is not considered. The third approach estimates shortage resulting from demand uncertainty. The last two approaches use iterative processes to re-estimate unit holding cost, which is the basis to calculate safety inventories in each period of the horizon. Using Microsoft Excel Solver, with linear programming and nonlinear search functions, a hypothetical example (but strongly based on real-life companies) and some scenarios permit concluding that developing more realistic and complex models may not provide significant benefits.
A Meggyőzési tudatosság: A pszichológia mostohagyermeke

Jelen tanulmány célja a közgazdaságtan és a fogyasztói magatartás vizsgálatában népszerű konstruktum, a meggyőzési tudatosság bemutatása a pszichológiai alkalmazás ösztönzése érdekében. A komplex konstruktum definiálása mellett vázoljuk a pszichológiai meggyőzési modelleket kiegészítő meggyőzési tudatosság modellt (Friestad és Wright, 1994). A tanulmányban a meggyőzési tudatosság fejlődésére, a különböző személyiségjellemzőkkel való kapcsolatára, a fejleszthetőségére és a mérési lehetőségeire is kitérünk. A meggyőzési tudatosság figyelembevétele a pszichológiai vizsgálatok során számos lehetőséget tartogat, hasznosságát empirikus kutatások összefoglalásával is demonstráljuk.
Trial of Complete Detachment of the Whole Prostate Lobes in Benign Prostate Hyperplasia by Transurethral Enucleation of the Prostate

Introduction: We tried a complete detachment of the whole prostate lobes for benign prostate hyperplasia (BPH) by transurethral enucleation of the prostate (TUE). The feasibility of a new modified TUE technique (transurethral detaching prostatectomy = TUDP) was assessed by retrospective analysis. Materials and Methods: For 46 BPH cases the whole prostate lobes were detached from the surgical capsule completely by a prostate-detaching blade and resectoscope beak, and dropped into the bladder. The detached prostate lobes were removed by a soft tissue morcellator. The preoperative total prostate and adenoma volume by transabdominal ultrasound measurement (TAUS) were 47.75 ± 25.63 and 27.8 ± 17.33 ml. Results: In all 46 BPH cases, the whole prostate lobes could be detached completely without a perforation. Transurethral resection (TUR) syndrome and blood transfusion were not seen. Operation time was 54.28 min. The mean of removed tissue weight, that of hemoglobin loss and that of decrease of serum sodium was 37.11 g, 1.65 mg/dl and 1.56 mEq/l, respectively. Postoperative prostate volume and PSA were decreased to 9.56 ml and 0.8 ng/ml with complete removal of an adenoma. Conclusions: TUDP could achieve complete removal of even a large adenoma without perforation, transurethral resection syndromes and blood transfusion safety.
Rent Seeking Behavior, Political Parties and Universities

In public universities in Bangladesh, student political act1V1ty takes place while in private universities these activities are banned. Political parties very often sponsor student political activity and in reality most of the major parties have their own student wings in the public universities (Mukta, 2009). It is also evident that once a political party is in power, it recruits from these student bodies, at times violating the recruitment rules and regulation processes in the Public Service Commission (PSC). This feature of the education system implies that public education and private education are differentiated goods and both political parties and students are engaging in rent seeking behavior. To capture this behavior, we develop a model as a three stage game: Inter alia. we show that in an economy with a higher probability of getting jobs. a rent seeking ruling political party wants students of public universities to be less involved in politics and vice versa. Finally, under some conditions, involvement in campus politics enhances aggregate expected income level of all employed graduate students.
Gene networks for N-sensing , signaling and response in Arabidopsis thaliana

Nitrogen (N) is an essential macronutrient for plants. In nature, N cycles between different inorganic and organic forms some of which can serve as nutrients for plants. The inorganic N forms nitrate and ammonium are the most important sources of N for plants. However, plants can also uptake and use organic N forms such as amino acids and urea. Beside their nutritional role, nitrate and other forms of N can also act as signals that regulate the expression of hundreds of genes causing modulation of plant metabolism, physiology, growth and development. Although many genes and processes affected by changes in external or internal N have been identified, the molecular mechanisms involved in N sensing and signaling are still poorly understood. Classic reverse and forward genetics and more recently the advent of genomic and systems approaches have helped to characterize some of the components of the signaling pathways directing Arabidopsis responses to N. Here we provide an update on recent advances to identify components involved in N sensing and signaling in Arabidopsis and their importance for the plant response to N. N nutrients and metabolites can act as potent signals to regulate genome-wide gene expression in plants. Microarray analyses performed using nitrate, nitrite, glutamic acid and other forms of N revealed a large set of genes participating in many different plant processes (reviewed in [1,2]), however the sensing and signaling pathways underlying N responses have yet to be fully identified. Work in bacterial and fungal systems has shown that these organisms posses sophisticated sensing mechanisms to monitor and adjust to N status. Although there might be some conserved features between plants and other organisms, thus far the mechanisms of N sensing in other organisms have not directly extrapolated to plants [3]. This review will focus on the regulatory networks for N sensing and signaling in the model plant Arabidopsis thaliana.
Multichannel Facial Nerve Monitoring: Value in Detection of Mechanically Elicited Electromyographic Activity and Prediction of Postoperative Outcome

Objective To determine the value of using a multichannel facial nerve (FN) monitoring setup in detecting mechanically elicited EMG activity during vestibular schwannoma (VS) surgery. Study Design Prospective study. Setting Tertiary referral center. Patients and Methods This study was conducted on 42 patients operated for VS removal. The FN was monitored using a 5-channel setup with electrodes inserted in mentalis, o.oris, nasalis, o.oculi, and frontalis. The number of channels activated simultaneously in response to a particular event was recorded together with the amplitude of response on each muscle. EMG activity occurring simultaneously on all 5 channels was referred to as “all-channels activity. ” Postoperative FN function was assessed immediately and 1 year postoperatively using the House-Brackmann classification. Results The 5-channel setup detected a significantly higher number of mechanically elicited EMG activity than would have been possible using a 2-channel setup. The number and amplitude of EMG activity detected on the mentalis muscle was significantly higher compared with other muscles. Patients with higher percentage of events in which the mentalis fired while o.oris and o.oculi did not were more likely to develop a better long-term outcome. Positive correlation was found between the number of all-channels activity and postoperative outcome (p < 0.001). Conclusion The use of a multichannel setup allowed earlier and efficient detection of mechanically elicited EMG activity. Including the mentalis muscle significantly increased the detection rate, which tended to reflect as improvement in the long-term outcome. The occurrence of all-channels activity should be considered a prompt warning sign.
Patient-related factors influencing patency of autogenous brachiocephalic haemodialysis fistulas

Objective The objective of this study was to analyse the outcome of autogenous brachiocephalic fistula for dialysis purposes and to determine modifiable and non-modifiable patient-related factors of influence on the patency of a newly created fistula. Design of study A single-centre retrospective cohort study with the aim of determining patient-related factors of influence on primary failure, primary, primary assisted and secondary patency of autogenous brachiocephalic fistulas. Seventeen patient-related variables were determined by means of univariate analysis, variables reaching significance were then entered in a multivariate Cox-regression model. Results Between October 2005-October 2015, 231 autogenous brachiocephalic fistulas were created in 228 patients. Mean age was 61.3 years (20.3-88.2 years). Patency was calculated using Kaplan-Meier analysis. Primary failure occurred in 38 out of 231 created fistulas (16.5%). The primary, primary assisted and secondary patency rates at six months were 78 ± 3%, 93 ± 2%, and 95 ± 1%, respectively. At 12 months, they were 63 ± 3%, 89 ± 2%, and 92 ± 2%, and at 24 months 47 ± 4%, 84 ± 3%, and 89 ± 2%. The non-modifiable factors, diabetes mellitus and mean cephalic vein diameter were identified as a predictor for failure influencing primary and secondary patency. The preoperative use of anticoagulation was identified as a modifiable factor for failure. Conclusions This study identified several non-modifiable and modifiable factors of interest to the clinician deciding on which type of haemodialysis fistula is most suitable for an individual patient. Meticulous preoperative work-up, a surveillance programme, and a dedicated multidisciplinary team can be of great importance in achieving better patency rates.