Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Rising Cesarean Sections: Causes & Concerns. Towards a Public Health Agenda for Quality & Safety of Maternity Services. A White Paper

A.The Problem: The natural birth process is generally safe for mothers and babies. However, trial of natural labor in the presence of certain risk factors & medical conditions may be dangerous for the mother and/or the baby. A Cesarean section (C-section/CS) is an operation to deliver a baby through the abdominal route, instead of the natural vaginal route. When medically indicated, C-sections save lives and enhance perinatal outcome of high-risk pregnancies. C-sections reduce the risks of operative vaginal delivery for the mother. C-sections can be performed only in medical institutions and hospitals equipped for surgery. Specialists and healthcare workers skilled in comprehensive emergency obstetric care (CEmOC) ought to be available. Therefore, C-sections rates has been advocated, occasionally, as a process indicator of the quality (WHO 1994; Gichangi et al, 2001) and equitable access to maternal care (Stanton & Holtz, 2006; Thomas, 2006; Cavallaro et al, 2013; Irani & Shad, 2015). On the other hand, in the absence of medical indications, i.e. low-risk pregnancies, the operative and consequential risks of C-sections outweigh the benefits. Instances of rising cesareans without comensurate reduction of perinatal mortality has also been reported (Mukherjee et al, 1993). In addition, excessive and unnecessary cesareans in some areas and by some people siphon off healthcare resources from underseved areas and the needy (Gibbons et al, 2010). Hence, overuse of C-section is cause for concern.
Wastewater Treatment using Magnetic Nanoparticles and Nanocomposites

The application of magnetic nano-photocatalysts in clean water technologies, has been widely studied due to their improved chemical and physical properties. Due to the incorporation of magnetic materials into the nano-photocatalysts, the separation of the resultant nanocomposite can be facilitated via an applied external magnetic field, leading to more economic and also more ecologically friendly water refinement procedure. This paper presents a short review of magnetic nanomaterials in the purification of contaminated water/wastewater.
Overview of Biosignal Analysis Methods for the Assessment of Stress

Objectives: Stress is a normal reaction of the human organism induced in situations that demand a level of activation. This reaction has both positive and negative impact on the life of each individual. Thus, the problem of stress management is vital for the maintenance of a person’s psychological balance. This paper aims at the brief presentation of stress definition and various factors that can lead to augmented stress levels. Moreover, a brief synopsis of biosignals that are used for the detection and categorization of stress and their analysis is presented. Methods: Several studies, articles and reviews were included after literature research. The main questions of the research were: the most important and widely used physiological signals for stress detection/assessment, the analysis methods for their manipulation and the implementation of signal analysis for stress detection/assessment in various developed systems. Findings: The main conclusion is that current researching approaches lead to more sophisticated methods of analysis and more accurate systems of stress detection and assessment. However, the lack of a concrete framework towards stress detection and assessment remains a great challenge for the research community. Doi: 10.28991/esj-2021-01267 Full Text: PDF
Aerobic bacteria from oral cavities and cloaca of snakes in a petting zoo

It is important to identify the bacteria in snakes because they can cause disease; importantly, bacteria such as Stenotrophomonas maltophilia, Escherichia coli, Proteus vulgaris etc. could be pathogens especially in hospitalized, debilitated hosts, and immunocompromised patients. To analyze the distribution of snakes’ bacteria in petting zoo, samples from 20 snakes were collected from 2002 to 2008. Nine bacteria species were isolated from both oral and cloaca while four and six species were identified only from oral and cloaca, respectively. Except for Actinobacter sp. , all of the identified strains are opportunistic pathogens, and most of them can cause nosocomial infections in humans. Present results indicate that prevalence of various zoonotic bacterial strains in snakes could be involved in potential transfer of these bacteria into caretakers and other animals. Therefore, it needs to examine the antibiotic resistance of these pathogens to prevent outbreaks.
Increased application of nitrogen fertilizer rates and plant densities effect on maize (Zea mays L.) at Nada Sadacha, Southwestern Ethiopia

The field experiments were carried at Nada sadacha waredas, Jimma Zone, for 2017-18 main consecutive cropping seasons. The treatments consisted of factorial combinations of four plant densities (75*20 (66666), 75*25 (53333), 75*30 (44444) and 80*40 (62500 plants h -1 ) and five Nitrogen and Phosphorous fertilizer rates (69, 92, 115, 138 and 161 N kg ha -1 ) laid down in an RCBD factorial design with three replications using BH546 variety. All spacings accommodates a single plant per hill except the 80*40 two plants per hill. All grain yield and yield related parameters were significantly affected by N fertilizer rates and plant densities and no interaction. The highest grain (8.66 and 8.73 t/ha) and above ground biomass yield (16.93 and 17.46 t/ha) respectively were obtained from 138 kg ha -1 N fertilizer rate and 75*25 cm (53333 plants h -1 ). The grain yield was significantly increased by 18.47 and 11.31% over the lowest 69 N kg and 92Nkg ha -1 (control) respectively also by 30.88% over lower density 80*40 (62500 plants h -1 ). In conclusion, a medium maturing variety with the application of 138 N kg ha -1 and 75*25(53333 plants h -1 ) gave the highest net benefit (29430.30 and 30110.40 EtB ha -1 ) with acceptable MMR (172.21 and 346.56%) respectively. Therefore, based on input availability and economic feasibility, a medium maturing variety with the application of 138 N kg ha -1 and spacing of 75*25 (53333 plants h -1 ) taken as optimal and recommended for maize (BH546) variety production under rainfed condition of the study area.
Relationship between C-reactive protein and periodontal disease: A new tale of an old molecule

Oral fluids are a substrate for a new generation of non-invasive diagnostic tools through the development of ultraand high-sensitive detection systems and the fact that they contain many serum analytes that reflect normal function or disease status. Within the oral cavity C-reactive protein (CRP) has been detected in both gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) and saliva, and is considered to be an important biomarker for systemic disease. We review the biological properties of CRP, the association between CRP and periodontal disease, and the possibility that CRP may be a potent therapeutic target. A systematic search for data related to the association between CRP and periodontal disease was performed to recognize studies on animals and human (PUBMED, MEDLINE, COCHRANE, and Google search). © This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.
Highly efficient multifunctional recyclable nanocomposite adsorbent as scavenger for water cleaning

This thesis is protected by copyright, with all rights reserved. By reading and using the thesis, the reader understands and agrees to the following terms: 1. The reader will abide by the rules and legal ordinances governing copyright regarding the use of the thesis. 2. The reader will use the thesis for the purpose of research or private study only and not for distribution or further reproduction or any other purpose. 3. The reader agrees to indemnify and hold the University harmless from and against any loss, damage, cost, liability or expenses arising from copyright infringement or unauthorized usage.
The Correlation Between Social Media Governance Indices and Online Audience in selected magazines of ABS-CBN Publishing Inc

Three main outputs of the study describe social media governance within ABS-CBN Publishing, Inc. (API). First is that the company’s ten selected active magazines, as presented by a survey of 18 social media managers, collectively present a weak regulatory framework, a medium level of expertise, the occasional presence of a social media strategy, and a medium level of activity using the four indices of social media governance and other pertinent variables as adapted from the Social Media Governance DELPHI study of Fink, Linke, and Zerfass (2012). Significant correlations include Online Audience (tally of Facebook, Instagram, and Twitter followers) with Regulatory Framework; with Strategy; with Social Media Experience, and Regulatory Framework with Social Media Experience. Regression analysis (Online Audience or the tally of followers being the dependent variable) indicated Regulatory Framework as a significant predictor of the variance of Online Audience. Interviews with key personnel handling social media for the entire media company suggest that due to the nature of ABS-CBN as a media company with focus on cable channels, news, and film, the focus and investment for social media tends to stay with the accounts of these particular lines of businesses instead of Publishing. A content analysis of the top two API Facebook pages along with their theme counterparts from their main competitor aided the creation of dimension maps that revealed API’s content was focused on the promotion of partners (within ABS-CBN and externally) and content sharing which was personal in nature, respectively. Competitor accounts, on the other hand, were consistent in pulling in visitors from social media to their magazines’ websites through diverse and audience-centric content.
QUALITY OF LIFE FOR OCCUPATIONAL RISKS OF COCOA FARM WORKERS IN NIGERIA

Research background: Cocoa remains the Nigeria’s highest foreign exchange earner among all agricultural commodities, Contributed 12.5-14% of the national GDP. Currently, Nigeria is the fourth largest cocoa producing country in the world, produced approximately 328,652 tons annually. Occupational risk is a major factor reducing productivity of farm workers as it impairs physical capacity and increase vulnerability to ill health, diseases and injuries. Risk of agrochemical exposure has been attributed to work demand and unhealthy work environment. Purpose of the article: This study aimed to estimate life quality for agrochemical exposure risks of cocoa farm workers in Ondo state Nigeria. The study specifically estimates the amount an individual willingness to pay by respondents for occupational risk reduction. Methods: Multistage sampling technique that guaranteed cocoa farmers who could provide desired information on the basis of the objectives of the study was adopted for the study. Random selection of 180 cocoa farm workers from the study area. Descriptive statistics (frequency, mean and percentage) and Discrete Choice Experiment (DCE) approach that dovetailed into choice modelling and conditional logistic regression were the analytical tools used. Findings & Value added: the result revealed that 74% of the cocoa farm workers are on active age and mainly male with the mean age of 46 years. Most of the workers are illiterate that cannot read instructions on the agrochemical container. Average workers are willing to pay 830 Nigerian naira for personal protective equipment, 92 Nigerian naira for 15% wage discount as financial benefit of workplace injuries and 1024 Nigerian naira for training of workers in pesticide usage. The study concluded that better health conditions and appropriate use of personal protective equipment minimize the occupational risk. It was therefore recommended that educational programmes that will enhance farmer’s knowledge, skills and attitude to use safe methods (appropriate use of protective equipment) in pesticide usage should be adequately planned. Appropriate use of personal protective equipment to reduce exposure to agrochemicals and the risks involved in the misuse and abuse of agrochemicals should be adopted.
Nghiên cứu dự đoán gene biểu hiện cao cho Escherichia coli dựa

Use your smartphone to scan this QR code and download this article TÓM TẮT Các gene biểu hiện cao (Highly expressed genees – HEG) là những gene có sẵn trong sinh vật, mang những codon ưa thích đối với hệ thống biểu hiện. Việc xác định được các gene biểu hiện cao giúp tìm ra các codon ưa thích và sử dụng trong tối ưu hóa gene nhằm biểu hiện protein mục tiêu với mức độ mong muốn. Hiện nay, HEG-DB là cơ sở dữ liệu (CSDL) duy nhất lưu trữ dữ liệu gene biểu hiện cao của nhiều chủng vi sinh vật, tuy nhiên dữ liệu hiện không còn được cập nhật và duy trì. Vì vậy chúng tôi tiến hành dự đoán các gene biểu hiện cao ở chủng E. coli K-12 MG1655 dựa trên các bộ tham chiếu là gene mã hóa protein ribosome được sử dụng phổ biến hiện nay và những gene có độ phiênmã cao từ dữ liệumicroarray do chúng tôi đề xuất. Kết quả dự đoán được phân tích bằng cách so sánh giữa các bộ tham chiếu trên cũng như so sánh với gene biểu hiện cao thu nhận từ CSDL HEG-DB. Kết quả cho thấy bộ tham chiếu gồm 69 genemã hóa protein ribosome và 100-mRNA cho kết quả hoàn toàn trùng khớp và dự đoán được gene biểu hiện cao nhiều hơn và có độ tin cậy cao hơn so với dữ liệu từ CSDL HEG-DB thể hiện qua các gene dự đoán được có giá trị CAI cao hơn và số lượng gene tham gia vào các con đường chuyển hóa trong tế bào, đặc biệt là các con đường chuyển hóa quan trọng đều cao hơn. Nghiên cứu này đề xuất có thể sử dụng bộ tham chiếu từ dữ liệu microarray của E. coli thay cho bộ tham chiếu protein ribosome. Từ khoá: gene biểu hiện cao, Escherichia coli, protein ribosome, mRNA microarray, CAI
Droplet Break-up in Valves

The two phenomena governing the droplet size in a multiphase flow are droplet breakup and droplet-droplet coalescence. To what extent one of these phenomena is dominating, is affected by both fluid characteristics and the hydrodynamics. Fluid characteristics involve factors such as the oil concentration, droplet size distribution, oil and water density, oil and water viscosity, water temperature and salinity, and surfactants. Hydrodynamics are related to the flow regimes the droplets encounter and the forces exerted by these. For oil and gas production, the flow is turbulent and the droplet size is therefore a function of the intensity of the turbulence.
Combined signed distance calculation algorithm for numerical simulation of physical processes and visualization of solid bodies movement

The article deals with the problem of initializing the field of the signed distance function to the surface of a moving solid body of arbitrary shape. A combined algorithm is proposed for fast calculation of approximate values of a function with a controlled loss of accuracy. The idea is to interpolate the function over the cells of an adaptive grid with local switching to find the distance to surface triangulation. This algorithm can be used both for visualizing the motion of surfaces and for solving various geometric problems arising in the process of numerical modeling of physical processes. The error in determining the function does not depend on the shape of the body and the features of the movement trajectory. The paper contains a description of an algorithm for generating an interpolation grid taking into account a given computational error and an algorithm for calculating the signed distance to triangulation us-ing a binary search tree. Using the examples of processing a spherical surface and a cruise missile model, the possibility of using a combined approach for visualizing the motion of solid bodies and in numerical calculations of gas-dynamic flows is demonstrated.
Behavior of HV Cable at Short Circuit-Spellman High Voltage

In our previous work, we analyzed an unusual behavior of an HV cable at short circuit when the shield at the power supply side was grounded, and at the load side it was floating. It was shown that the transmission line model is no longer applicable. It was also shown that the cable insulation is overstressed at the load side. Staying within a convenient simplicity of a two wire line approximation it was still possible analyzing salient phenomena of the load breakdown in unterminated shield connection. However, the period of oscillations T for this case was almost four times greater than could be expected from the cable electrical length! We did not address this discrepancy previously; to the best of our knowledge, it was not described in literature. Here, we analyze the reasons for the dramatic increase of T. Again, main tools are lumped circuit simulation and experiments on low-voltage increase model lines. The first suggests that since the currents in the central conductor and the shield flow in the same direction, the resulting circuit inductance is much greater than that in a conventional line discharge. Such inductances have been estimated. Experiments showed that the cable (coiled or spread) and ground layouts have also large influence on T. Experiments with an HV cable at a voltage up to 40 kV increased confidence in the simulation and low-voltage physical modeling results. Overall, simulation and experimental results are in fair agreement. Index Terms Unterminated shield connection, high voltage cable, breakdown, transmission line, loop inductance, PSpice
The first GM crop in Bangladesh – Bt Eggplant

Eggplant (Solanum melongena) commonly called Brinjal is the most popular vegetable in Bangladesh. It is extensively cultivated around homesteads and in commercial fields throughout the year. It is estimated that nearly 67 percent of the eggplant crop yield in Bangladesh is lost due to the damage caused by Leucinodes orbonalis also known as eggplant fruit and shoot borer (EFSB). EFSB is reportedly the most serious pest of eggplant. To overcome this EFSB problem Bt eggplant project has been initiated in 2004. The Agricultural Biotechnology Support Project II (ABSPII) is a USAIDsupported project that has funded the development of Bt eggplant in Bangladesh under the Public Private Partnership (PPP) mode. Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute (BARI) received the Event EE-1 eggplant in Mahyco and backcrossed into nine popular eggplant varieties of Bangladesh selected based on the regional consumer preference. The efficacy of cry1Ac gene in providing effective resistance to the target pest was also assessed in terms of productively (fruit yield increase) which was studied in 9 Bt eggplant lines for a period of 7 years from 2008 to 2015. To launch the best 4 varieties, BARI applied to the National Technical Committee on Crop Biotechnology (NTCCB). For release of GM crop variety, first of all follow the recommendation of NTCCB, then submitted to the National Technical Committee on Crop Biotechnology (NTCCB) Core Committee and then to the National Committee on Biosafety (NCB). The Bangladesh government approved four varieties namely, BARI Bt Begun-1 (Uttara), BARI Bt Begun2 (Kazla), BARI Bt Begun-3 (Nayantara) and BARI Bt Begun-4 (BARI Begun-6 or ISD006) on 30 October 2013 and these got momentum countrywide. On 22 January 2014, Bt seedlings were distributed among 20 farmers in four districts of Bangladesh as the first genetically modified (GM) crops. After the government of Bangladesh approved the cultivation of Bt eggplant in 2013, its popularity is increasing day by day and the socioeconomic condition of the farmers is also improving. Bt eggplant started its journey in 2014 with only 20 farmers, in seven years it has grown to about 27012 farmers and from 8 acres to about 5,000 acres. This advancement of Bt eggplant has also faced opposition from different quarters at different times. Today, the progress of Bt eggplant continues by overcoming all obstacles. Field days, trainings, various publications, documentary making, use of mass and social media, observations, workshops, stewardship activities are acting as important regulators of this progress.
Escalation of Security and Privacy in Internet of Things using Advanced IPv6 Based Security Mechanism

Kevin Ashton coined the phrase Internet of Things in 1999 with high performance implementation for corporate and social world. Thanks to the success of high-performing Internet of Things (IoT) whereby the tags and sensors are the foundation for IoT implementation of radio frequency identification with enormous implementation patterns. Real world objects and systems that are remotely managed using programbased tools may be outfitted with RFID tags. Radio frequency recognition devices may identify objects and sense information. Very thin micro-sized RFID chips that can attach remotely are built. The internet of things will cross over USD 267 billion in 2020. According to the report by Gartner, there would be $273 billion linked devices around the world in 2014. The quantity, which is equal to 8.4 billion goods, is 31% more than last year. This study examines security and productivity in the IoT. It is very popular to use Internet of Things (IoT) in robotics because of sensor sensors, advanced wireless technology and use of software programming. Both wireless IP-based systems come with built-in GPS modules. The utility of smart cities and home automation was increasingly accentuated by the appearance of vast databases of smart IPbased sensors. Within the scope of this study, one of the goals is to establish simulation trends that can cover protection weakness of the Internet of Things. In the novel, the simulation processes were implemented through Contiki Cooja and CupCarbon. The modern age is greatly being affected by impossibly sophisticated technical devices. It is treated under the umbrella of Internet of Things (IoT). Several applications are commonly using IoT linked technologies to a broad variety of purposes. IoT contains many other concepts such as universal computing, widespread computing, ambient computing, among several others. The work presents the implementation using high performance framework for the security in the IoT environment using security mechanism on IPv6. Keywords— Internet of Things, IPv6, Contiki Cooja, IoT Security
PECKING ORDER MACRO-PRUDENTIAL TOOLS: BOT’S EXPERIENCE FROM TAILORED POLICY MEASURES TO BASEL III’S COUNTERCYCLICAL BUFFER By

Basel Accords have evolved over decades as the international standard for banking supervision applicable to anchor viability and resilience of internationally active banks. Starting from a limited group of advanced countries with complex financial systems and expanding to include countries with open economies, Basel III the latest release of regulatory reform in response to the global financial crisis in 2008 – has inevitably affected most countries to some varying extent. Thailand as a small open economy has complied with Basel I since early 1990s and it gradually adopted Basel II since 2008.