Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
An Analysis of ‘Operation Phakisa’ to Unlock the Potential of Ocean Resources in South Africa

South Africa is endowed with vast ocean resources and wealth which have the potential to provide enormous socio-economic goods and services to the people and create massive economic growth and wealth if vigorously explored and tapped. This assertion is made against the backdrop of the recent government strategical initiative, under the auspices of ‘Operation Phakisa’, to unlock and explore the full potential of the ocean’s wealth to drive economic growth, create jobs and alleviate poverty. This paper seeks to accentuate that the Operation Phakisa initiative has the potential to strategically unlock underexplored ocean resources for purposes of creating sustainable economic growth, development, and alleviation of hunger and poverty. It concludes that effective and sustainable use of the ocean’s wealth depends on good, efficient governance policies, practices and management. Methodically, a qualitative non-empirical research approach was adopted and utilized in this study by sourcing, drawing upon and using information and insights from contemporary literature to address identified problems.
Micro-magnetic Structures for Biological Applications

Developments in single-molecule and single-cell experiments over the past century have provided researchers with many tools to probe the responses of cells to stresses such as physical force or to the injection of foreign genes. Often these techniques target the cell membrane, although many are now advancing to probe within the cell. As these techniques are improved upon and the investigations advance toward clinical applications, it has become more critical to achieve high-throughput outcomes which in turn lead to statistically significant results. The technologies developed in this thesis are targeted at transfecting large populations of cells with controlled doses of specific exogenic material without adversely affecting cell viability. Underlying this effort is a platform of lithographically patterned ferromagnetic thin films capable of remotely manipulating and localizing magnetic microbeads attached to biological entities. A novel feature of this approach, as demonstrated here with both DNA and cells, is the opportunity for multiplexed operations on targeted biological specimens. This thesis includes two main thrusts: (1) the advancement of the trapping platforms through experimental verification of mathematical models providing the energy landscapes associated with the traps and (2) implementation of the platform as a basis for rapid and effective high-throughput microchannel and nanochannel cell electroporation devices. The electroporation devices have, in our studies, not only been demonstrated to sustain cell viability with extremely low cell mortality rates, but are also found to be effective for various types of cells. The advances over current electroporation technologies that are achieved in these efforts demonstrate the potential for detection of mRNA expression in heterogeneous cell populations and probing intracellular responses to the introduction of foreign genes into cells.
Association between hospital admissions and healthcare provider communication for individuals with sickle cell disease

ABSTRACT Objective: To test the hypothesis that caregivers’ or adult participants’ low ratings of provider communication are associated with more hospital admissions among adults and children with sickle cell disease (SCD), respectively. Secondarily, we determined whether there was an association between the caregivers’ or participants’ health literacy and rating of providers’ communication. Methods: Primary data were collected from participants through surveys between 2014 and 2016, across six sickle cell centers throughout the U.S. In this cross-sectional cohort study, 211 adults with SCD and 331 caregivers of children with SCD completed surveys evaluating provider communication using the Consumer Assessment of Healthcare Providers and Systems (CAHPS), healthcare utilization, health literacy, and other sociodemographic and behavioral variables. Analyses included descriptive statistics, bivariate analyses, and logistic regression. Results: Participants with better ratings of provider communication were less likely to be hospitalized (odds ratio (OR) = 0.54, 95% confidence interval (CI) = [0.35, 0.83]). Positive ratings of provider communication were associated with fewer readmissions for children (OR = 0.23, 95% CI = [0.09, 0.57]). Participants with better ratings of provider communication were less likely to rate their health literacy as lower (regression coefficient (B) = −0.28, 95% CI = [−0.46, −0.10]). Conclusions: Low ratings of provider communication were associated with more hospitalizations and readmissions in SCD, suggesting the need for interventions targeted at improving patient-provider communication which could decrease hospitalizations for this population.
*-autonomous envelopes and 2-conservativity of duals

We show the doctrine of $\ast$-autonomous categories is "2-conservative" over the doctrine of closed symmetric monoidal categories, i.e. the universal map from a closed symmetric monoidal category to the $\ast$-autonomous category that it freely generates is fully faithful. This implies that linear logics and graphical calculi for $\ast$-autonomous categories can also be interpreted canonically in closed symmetric monoidal categories. In particular, our result implies that every closed symmetric monoidal category can be fully embedded in a $\ast$-autonomous category, preserving both tensor products and internal-homs. But in fact we prove this directly first with a Yoneda-style embedding (an enhanced "Hyland envelope" that can be regarded as a polycategorical form of Day convolution), and deduce 2-conservativity afterwards from double gluing and a technique of Lafont. Since our method uses polycategories, it also applies to other fragments of $\ast$-autonomous structure, such as linear distributivity. It can also be enhanced to preserve any desired family of nonempty limits and colimits.
Composition of Generic and Host-Specific Bacteria in Feces of Specific Hosts using Culture and QPCR

This study investigates the ratios of specific bacteria in fecal samples of several different hosts. These hosts are common sources of fecal pollution in watersheds and include horse, cow, dog, goose and human. To address the concentrations and variability of host-specific and generic bacteria of the host individuals the following measurements were made from the fecal samples: dry weight, QPCR of host-specific and generic bacteria, and culture-test for presence of E. coli and Enterococcus. The variability of these bacteria ratios was calculated using QPCR to give an estimate of the accuracy and sensitivity of the QPCR method for a contaminated watershed. Percent compositions were determined from each host using cycle threshold (Ct) values and supplemental dry-weight and culture-test data. Culture data results of the ratio of E. coli to Enterococcus of human and non-human sources confirm previous findings of ratios of Fecal Coliform to Fecal Streptococcus for human and non-human sources except for horse ratio. Culture data showed cows, humans and dogs to contain the highest E. coli concentration in their feces. Preliminary QPCR data of initial cell concentrations for total E. coli per gram dry weight for goose and dog do not correlate with initial cell concentrations for total E. coli from culture data. Future QPCR data for all bacteria is to be collected to give more accurate data.
A Study on the Attitude of the Secondary School Teachers towards the Continuous Professional Development in District Lahore

1. Ph. D Scholar, Department of Education, The University of Lahore, LahorePakistan. 2. Assistant Professor, Department of Teacher Education, Sheikh Ayaz University, Shikarpur, Sindh, Pakistan 3. Assistant Professor, Department of Education, University of Sufisim and Modern Sciences, Bhittshah, Sindh, Pakistan PAPER INFO ABSTRACT Received: March 28, 2020 Accepted: June 15, 2020 Online: June 30, 2020 The study was performed to investigate teachers’ attitude towards continuous professional development and to evaluate teachers’ performance after continuous professional development. The study was delimited to Lahore district. All public school teachers teaching secondary classes were the population of the study. One hundred and forty four secondary school teachers from 22 secondary schools in three towns of City Lahore were selected on random basis. The study was descriptive and survey technique was adopted for data collection and evaluation was done on data analysis. The results indicated that continuous professional development had positive effects on the attitude of secondary school teachers. Continuous professional development improves performance of the secondary school teachers. Continuous professional development training programs may be regularly arranged for uplifting the teaching and learning process.
The benthic community of an intertidal mud flat in the Gulf of Nicoya, Costa Rica. Description of the community

Se evaluo, desde Febrero de 1984 a Febrero de 1985, los cambios estructurales de la comunidad bentica en una zona fangosa ( > 30% limo + arcilla) de la zona de entre-mareas en el Golfo de Nicoya, Costa Rica Se recolecto muestras con un cilindro de 17.7 cm 2 de are a y hasta una profundidad de 1 5 cm en el sedimento. Las muestras fueron preservadas en una solucion de formalina (10%) en agua de mar tenida con Rosado de Bengala Se considero como macrofauna a los organismos retenidos en un tamiz de 500 micras de tamano del poro. Se recolecto un total de 92 especies de invertebrados y al pez gobido Gobionellus sagitulla (Gunther). La comunidad fue dominada numericamente por organismos que se alimentan directamente del sedimento. El ostracodo Cyprideis pacifica Hartmann y un cumaceo (Bodotriinae) no descrito aun, fueron los organismos mas comunes, representando un 43.4% del total. Los poliquetos Mediomastus californiensis Hartman, Paraprionospio pinnata (Ehlers) y Lumbrineris tetraura (Schmarda) representaron un 19.2% del total. Un gusano plano (Turbellaria) no identificado, represento el 8.3% del total de individuos. La densidad promedio ( ± 1 SD) de la macro fauna fue de 13,827 ± 10,185 m -2 , y la diversidad (H’) oscilo entre 1.75 y 3.36 por fecha (28 muestras). La equitabilidad oscilo entre 0.48 y 0. 87. Los analisis de conglomerados, componentes principales y discriminante revelaron estacio­nalidad (estaciones seca y lluviosa). La mayoria de las especie s aparentemente se reproducen durante todo el ano. Sin embargo, en varias especies se encontro periodos durante los cuales existe una actividad reproductiva alta. Perturbaciones fisicas y biologicas, variabilidad espacio-temporal de las corrientes y propiedades de las masas de agua, unido a una posible preponderancia de larvas de tipo planctotrofico, son considerados como los factores principales promotores de cambios en la estructura de la comunidad. La importancia relativa de los organismos detritofagos, los tipos de alimentacion y utilizacion de habitat, y la existencia de estacionalidad hacen a la comunidad de Punta Morales semejante a algunas comunidades de ambientes fangosos en latitudes altas. Para enfatizar esas semejanzas, y por conveniencia al referirse a este grupo de especies, se ha denominado a la comunidad como la Paraprionospio pinnata - Pinnixa valerii - Nassarius luteostoma de acuerdo a los nombres de un poliqueto espionido, un cangrejo excavador y un caracol que se alimenta de carrona.
Physical-chemical quality of ram and bull meat as affected by ginger extract.

This study was carried out to examine the effects of different concentration of Ginger (Zingiber officinale) at the rate of 0, 3 and 6% concentration on physical (cooking loss, drip loss and water holding capacity), chemical characteristics (Thiobarbituric acid and tyrosine/tryptophan index) and sensory evaluation (colour, flavour and aroma, tenderness, juiciness and overall acceptability) of ram and bull meat. The muscles pieces (500 g) were divided into three groups, marinated with different concentrations (0, 3 and 6% V/W) of ginger extract (GE) and stored at -18°C for two weeks untill analysis. A significant decrease (P<0.01) in cooking loss, drip loss and an increase in water holding capacity were observed with the increase of ginger extract concentration compared to 0% GE treatment. Thiobarbituric acid (TBA) value decreased (P<0.01) with increase ginger extract concentration for ram and bull muscles. The 6% ginger extract treatment prevented lipid oxidation, resulted in the lowest TBA value compared with 3 and 0% GE treatments. Further 6% ginger extract treatment recorded the highest total tyrosine/tryptophan index, non-protein tyrosine/tryptophan index and protein tyrosine/tryptophan index. The results showed that ram meat exhibited higher (P<0.01) tenderness, juiciness and overall acceptability at 6 and 3% compared to 0% GE treatment. These results suggested that 6% crude ginger rhizome extract can be effectively utilized to tenderize tough ram and bull meats without adversely affecting other meat quality parameters.
Multi-Criteria Decision Making of Contractor Selection in Mass Rapid Transit Station Development Using Bayesian Fuzzy Prospect Model

In Taiwan, the most advantageous tender in governmental procurement is the selection of a general contractor based on a score or ranking evaluated by a committee. Due to personal, subjective preferences, the contractor selection of committee members may be different, causing cognitive difference between the results of the members’ selection and the preliminary opinions provided by the working group. Integrated, multi-criteria decision making techniques, combined with preference relation, Bayesian, fuzzy utility, and prospect theories are used to assess factors weighing up the duration/cost/quality, probability of external information, and utility function system. The paper proposes a Bayesian fuzzy prospect model for group decision making, based on probability and utility multiplied relation, and taking the sustainable development factors into consideration. This study aims to provide committees with an objective model to select the best contractor for public construction projects. The results of this study can avoid the lowest bidder being selected; besides, the score gap of contractor selection can be increased, and the difference between the top three contractors’ scores can be decreased as well. In addition to proposing an innovative decision-making system of contractor selection and an index weight-assessing system for sustainable development, this model will be widely applied and sustainably updated for other cases.
Social Media and Kidney Transplant Donation in the United States: Clinical and Ethical Considerations when Seeking a Living Donor.

© 2020 by the National Kidney Foundation, Inc. A Twitter post showing a man in a sports jersey holding a sign telling of his need for a kidney went “viral. ” After the sports team’s official account retweeted the original post, hundreds of thousands of Twitter users engaged with the tweet and many replied to the tweet asking about being a directed living kidney donor for the man pictured. A waitlist patient’s Facebook post about their need for a living donor is seen by 100 local friends. Ten people contact the transplantation center mentioned in the post to initiate donor screening and evaluation. Can both of these patients get the kidney they need by using social media?
Corrigendum

Gerstner, W. -C. , A. König, A. Anders, and D. C. Hambrick 2013 “CEO narcissism, audience engagement, and organizational adoption of technological discontinuities. ” Administrative Science Quarterly, 58: 257–291. (Original DOI: 10.1177/0001839213488773) In our analyses of hypotheses 1 and 2, which are reported in models 1–4 in table 2 (p. 275), and in the post-hoc analyses, which are summarized in models 2–4 and 6–8 in the Appendix (p. 289), we erred by simultaneously including an invariant firm-age variable and firm dummies, as this caused perfect multicollinearity between these two sets of variables. (Stata deals with this problem by dropping two dummy variables, shifting the reference points for the fixed effects coefficients.) Given that firm dummies themselves encompass effects from firm age, we have re-run all respective regressions with the redundant firm-age variable excluded (while still retaining the firm dummies). Results of our hypotheses tests remained identical—which is to be expected, as changing the reference points, by definition, exclusively influences the coefficients and significance levels of the dummy variables. Relatedly, we erred in including the continuous audience engagement variable, which was measured annually, and year dummies in the same models, as they are perfectly collinear. Here again, to estimate the effect of the annual value for audience engagement, Stata excluded two year dummies instead of just one, both of which then served as reference points. The selection of the specific pair of reference years, however, does not affect the significance of the audience engagement moderator, given that the interaction term is not multicollinear with the year dummies, so our hypothesized results are not affected. Moreover, all results, including the hypothesized interaction effects, remain the same if we drop the linear audience engagement variable and one calendar year dummy (instead of dropping two dummies). Additionally, we erred when citing Heckman (1979) in the description of our control for endogeneity (p. 273). Heckman’s approach deals with sample selection bias, not the type of endogeneity we were intent on controlling for—namely the possibility “that narcissistic CEOs are attracted by or hired into specific situations and/or that narcissistic tendencies emerge under certain conditions” (p. 273).
Product Sound Design as a Valuable Tool in the Product Development Process

Product sound design is a current topic in the field of product design. It proposes the study and application of sound as one of the essential configurable parameters in the product design process, given its potential to communicate relevant and complex information to the user. In this article, we describe some of the basic principles of this discipline based on different examples and reflect on the importance of implementing specific design methodologies available for product design teams. Finally, we propose possible lines of work that can contribute to new knowledge and facilitate access to future work in this field.
A test of the democratic peacekeeping hypothesis: Coups, democracy, and foreign military deployments

While peacekeeping’s effects on receiving states have been studied at length, its effects on sending states have only begun to be explored. This article examines the effects of contributing peacekeepers abroad on democracy at home. Recent qualitative research has divergent findings: some find peacekeeping contributes to democratization among sending states, while others find peacekeeping entrenches illiberal or autocratic rule. To adjudicate, we build on recent quantitative work focused specifically on the incidence of coups. We ask whether sending peacekeepers abroad increases the risk of military intervention in politics at home. Drawing on selectorate theory, we expect the effect of peacekeeping on coup risk to vary by regime type. Peacekeeping brings with it new resources which can be distributed as private goods. In autocracies, often developing states where UN peacekeeping remuneration exceeds per-soldier costs, deployment produces a windfall for militaries. Emboldened by new resources, which can be distributed as private goods among the selectorate, and fearing the loss of them in the future, they may act to depose the incumbent regime. In contrast, peacekeeping will have little effect in developed democracies, which have high per-troop costs, comparatively large selectorates, and low ex-ante coup risk. Anocracies, which typically have growing selectorates, and may face distinctive international pressures to democratize, will likely experience reduced coup risk. We test these claims with data covering peacekeeping deployments, regime type, and coup risk since the end of the Cold War. Our findings confirm our theoretical expectations. These findings have implications both for how we understand the impact of participation in peacekeeping – particularly among those countries that contribute troops disproportionately in the post-Cold War era – and for the potential international determinants of domestic autocracy.
Equity and State Immigrant Inclusivity: English Learner Education in ESSA

With the 2015 passage of the Every Student Succeeds Act (ESSA), the oversight of language policy in U.S. schools shifted from federal to state governance. Although the education of students officially designated as English learners (ELs) has historically been grounded in federal law, we argue that ELs’ educational experiences are also largely influenced by societal attitudes toward immigrants and immigration. Using a critical policy analysis (CPA) approach, we examine how 12 states’ immigrant policy contexts are associated with the EL educational policies articulated in their ESSA implementation plans. We find that states’ demographic and immigrant policy contexts combine to produce four distinct approaches toward EL education, from departing to approaching equity.
An Analysis of Fast Learning Methods for Classifying Forest Cover Types

ABSTRACT Proper mapping and classification of Forest cover types are integral in understanding the processes governing the interaction mechanism of the surface with the atmosphere. In the presence of massive satellite and aerial measurements, a proper manual categorization has become a tedious job. In this study, we implement three different modest machine learning classifiers along with three statistical feature selectors to classify different cover types from cartographic variables. Our results showed that, among the chosen classifiers, the standard Random Forest Classifier together with Principal Components performs exceptionally well, not only in overall assessment but across all seven categories. Our results are found to be significantly better than existing studies involving more complex Deep Learning models.
Leverage as a Driver for Investment, Dividends, and the Impact on the Value of Real Estate Companies in Indonesia

Based on the description of the background, the purpose of this study is to examine and explain the effect of leverage on the value of real estate companies listed on the Stock Exchange in Indonesia, with investment and dividend as mediators. This study is explanatory research. Explanatory is research conducted to explain the influence of variables through testing hypotheses. The population in this study is all real estate companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange. The total population was as many as 44 companies. This study used four variables, which consisted of one exogenous variable and three endogenous variables. The categorized variables in exogenous variables are leverage (X) and as endogenous variables (Y) are (a) investment [Y1], (b) dividends [Y2], and (c) the company value [Y3]. The analytical method used is Generalized Structural Component Analysis (GSCA). The results of this study indicate that high dividend payments will cause a decrease in the value of the company. Several arguments can explain this. First, the market considers that at present the condition of the company has the opportunity to grow, so the company should focus on funding investment activities. Besides, also, with intense competition in the real estate sector, companies to be able to survive in the industry must have product innovations. The dividend payments are considered inappropriate by the market. The consequence of dividend payments is that companies will use high amounts of leverage. This is reinforced by the results of this study finding an indication of the use of high leverage will cause an increase in dividend payments.