Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Information fusion in a cooperative multi-agent system for web information retrieval

As an attempt to solve some contemporary web information retrieval problems, a construction of a cooperative multiagent system is proposed. This. paper introduces the system and presents the use of a, unique aggregation and fusion technique that is employed to attain reliable delivery performance. The intelligent methodology to fuse agents' decisions, the team consensus approach, models the interaction and bring a society into a consensus. After each agent in the group gathers information relevant to a user's query, the group engages in an uncertainty estimation stage. This process allows each agent to assess its self-uncertainty and the conditional uncertainties of other agents. The procedure facilitates the computation of a weighting scheme that operates recursively on information collected by these agents until the group reaches a consensus. Whenever a new task is received, the uncertainty estimates of agent are updated and used to compute a new weighting scheme.
Evaluation of all-optical demultiplexing in millimeter-wave subcarrier-system for wireless communication

In this paper, a scheme for multiplexing millimeter-wave carriers on a single optical carrier and using an all-optical millimeter-wave demultiplexer is presented. The optical demultiplexing of radio-over-fiber signals is based on dual sideband modulation with suppressed optical carrier combined with the filtering properties of dual over-written fiber Bragg gratings. The performance of the system is investigated using a single optical carrier and independent data modulated millimeter-wave signals at 20 and 40 GHz. The signals are transmitted over optical fiber, demultiplexed and wirelessly distributed to a mobile unit. It is found that performance of the demultiplexing using fiber Bragg gratings gives less than -40 dB electrical power interchannel crosstalk and the spurious free dynamic range is measured to be 80 dBHz2/3. Furthermore, PSK, QAM and ASK PRBS modulated data up to 2.5 Gb/s are successfully transmitted through the wireless link
Molecular Pathogenesis of Neuromyelitis Optica

Neuromyelitis optica (NMO) is a rare autoimmune disorder, distinct from multiple sclerosis, causing inflammatory lesions in the optic nerves and spinal cord. An autoantibody (NMO IgG) against aquaporin-4 (AQP4), a water channel expressed on astrocytes is thought to be causative. Peripheral production of the antibody is triggered by an unknown process in genetically susceptible individuals. Anti-AQP4 antibody enters the central nervous system (CNS) when the blood brain barrier is made permeable and has high affinity for orthogonal array particles of AQP4. Like other autoimmune diseases, Th17 cells and their effector cytokines (such as interleukin 6) have been implicated in pathogenesis. AQP4 expressing peripheral organs are not affected by NMO IgG, but the antibody causes extensive astrocytic loss in specific regions of the CNS through complement mediated cytotoxicity. Demyelination occurs during the inflammatory process and is probably secondary to oligodendrocyte apoptosis subsequent to loss of trophic support from astrocytes. Ultimately, extensive axonal injury leads to severe disability. Despite rapid advances in the understanding of NMO pathogenesis, unanswered questions remain, particularly with regards to disease mechanisms in NMO IgG seronegative cases. Increasing knowledge of the molecular pathology is leading to improved treatment strategies.
RETRACTED ARTICLE: Prevalence and emergence of carbapenemases-producing Gram-negative bacteria in Mediterranean basin

The emergence and the global spread of carbapenemases concern to health services worldwide. Their celestial rise among Gram-negative bacilli has challenged both the scientific and pharmaceutical sectors. Indeed, infections caused by these bacteria have limited treatment options and have been associated with high mortality and morbidity rates. Carbapenemase producers are mainly identified among Klebsiella pneumoniae, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Acinetobacter baumannii and still mostly in hospital settings and rarely in the community. They are closely related to KPC, VIM, IMP, NDM, and OXA-48 types. The encoding genes are mostly plasmid located and associated with various mobile genetic elements. The Mediterranean area is of interest due to a great diversity and population mixing. The prevalence of carbapenemases is particularly high and variant among countries, partially depending on the population exchange relationship between the regions and the possible reservoirs of each carbapenemase. This review described the epidemiology of carbapenemases in this region of the world highlighting the worrisome situation and the need to screen and detect these enzymes to prevent and control their dissemination especially as it is clear that very few novel antibiotics will be introduced in the next few years, making the dissemination of carbapenem-resistant Gram-negative bacteria of crucial importance worldwide.
Is Employment Associated With Reduced Recidivism?

This article explores the association between employment and recidivism for parolees released from Texas prisons. Along with determining whether obtaining employment on release from prison is associated with decreased odds of reincarceration, this article analyzes whether obtaining employment is associated with increased time to reincarceration. Proportional hazard models were used to examine the effect of employment on reincarceration over time. This analysis allowed a unique view of desistance from crime as a process of behavioral change with multiple stages. Results generally support this perspective, finding that although obtaining employment is not associated with a significant decrease in likelihood of reincarceration, it is associated with significantly greater time to reincarceration. Thus, among parolees who are reincarcerated, those who obtain employment spend more time crime-free in the community before returning to prison. This article argues that increased time crime-free is an indicator of positive behavior change that should be supplemented with clinical interventions to help formerly incarcerated persons maintain the initial motivation associated with employment.
Asymptotic analysis of digital modulations in κ-μ, η-μ and α-μ fading channels

This study derives several new and simple closed-form approximations for the average symbol error rate (ASER) and outage probability performance metrics of digital communication systems (with/without diversity receivers) impaired by additive white Gaussian noise and fading. These approximations utilise the coefficients of the Poincare series expansion for the probability density function (PDF) of signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) random variable in conjunction with Mellin transform of the conditional error probability and/or its auxiliary functions to generalise some of the known asymptotic ASER/outage probability expressions to a wider range of modulation schemes and different types of propagation environments (including κ–μ, η–μ and α–μ fading channels). A new class of asymptotic approximations for the ASER/outage probability is also derived (based on a normalised asymptotic PDF of SNR) that is considerably better than the conventional high-SNR approximation although both techniques need only the first non-zero term of the Maclaurin (if exists) or the Poincare series expansion of the channel PDF. The authors’ also investigate the utility/efficacy of Welch–Satterthwaite and Moschopoulos approximations for yielding accurate predictions of the ASER in the low-SNR regime for different fading environments. Closed-form approximations for the ergodic (average) channel capacities of different types of fading channels with/without diversity reception are also derived.
A Simple Ultra Wideband Printed Monopole Antenna With High Band Rejection and Wide Radiation Patterns

A compact ultra wideband antenna with strong notch-band rejections up to VSWR = 26, that is tunable over a wide frequency range from 3.55 GHz to 6.8 GHz, is presented. It has wide radiation patterns and yields a measured 10 dB return-loss bandwidth from 3 GHz to 10.5 GHz.
Early family relationships, intergenerational solidarity, and support provided to parents by their adult children.

This research investigated the effects of early family experiences on the quality of the adult child-parent relationship and on the extent of instrumental and emotional support provided elderly parents by their adult children. The analysis was based on adult children's reports regarding 1,135 aging parents. Panel data were used to reduce method effects attributable to transient mood states. Health of aging parent, geographical proximity of parents and children, and parent's living situation were controlled in the models. The findings indicated that the propensity of adult children to provide instrumental support (e.g., transportation and health care when parents were ill) and emotional support was indirectly affected by the influence of the early parent-child relationship on contemporary filial concern and relationship quality.
Maturation of the Ground Tissue of the Root Is Regulated by Gibberellin and SCARECROW and Requires SHORT-ROOT1[w]

As the root of Arabidopsis ( Arabidopsis thaliana ) ages, a third layer of ground tissue forms that we find rapidly takes on cortex character. We show that GA and SCARECROW ( SCR ) regulate the timing of this developmental transition and that SHORT-ROOT ( SHR ) is required for it. The Arabidopsis
Class II Histone Deacetylases: from Sequence to Function, Regulation, and Clinical Implication

Three fundamental issues in postgenomic biology are (i) how the amino acid sequence of a given human protein predicates its structure, function, and regulation; (ii) how a protein is compared to its paralogs, as well as to its orthologs and other homologous proteins in model organisms; and (iii) how related studies contribute to the understanding of human pathology and the development of efficacious diagnostic and therapeutic means. These fascinating issues have inspired us to conduct a comprehensive analysis of information available on class II histone deacetylases (HDACs). In what follows, we will start with a brief description of different classes of HDACs and then compare class II HDACs from yeast and higher organisms in terms of domain organization, function, and regulation. We will also discuss evidence that links class II human HDACs to cardiomyopathy, osteodystrophy, neurodegenerative disorders, and cancer and will propose that, in addition to inhibitors, activators of these HDACs are of potential therapeutic value.
The Need for Closure and the Spontaneous Use of Complex and Simple Cognitive Structures

Abstract The authors performed 2 experiments that explored the causal role of need for closure in producing the use of simple structures. In particular, the authors gave the participants a cue that called for a complex or a simple solution on a cognitive complexity task. The authors created the participants' need for closure through the use of time pressure. The results of both experiments revealed that participants only generated complex solutions in the complex cue-no time pressure condition. The discussion is focused on the effects of need for closure in tasks calling for adaptive and spontaneous flexibility.
People with intellectual disability, sensory impairments and behaviour disorder: a case series.

BACKGROUND Sensory impairments (SIs) are more prevalent in people with intellectual disability (ID). Both conditions lead to higher rates of emotional and behavioural problems than in the general population. The identification of psychiatric disorders in this group can be difficult, particularly in those with severe ID and limited communication skills. METHOD The present paper presents a series of 18 case reports of individuals with ID, SI and behavioural problems. RESULTS The majority of cases were young male caucasians with congenital rubella syndrome and autistic spectrum disorder, referred because of self-injurious behaviour (SIB) or aggression. Nine cases were treated with autidepressants, five underwent environmental changes and two had medication reduced. All showed some improvement. CONCLUSIONS The benefits of comprehensive assessments, the use of standardized assessment tools and trials of treatments are discussed in the context of making psychiatric diagnoses.
Calibration of hydrological models using flow-duration curves

Abstract. The degree of belief we have in predictions from hydrologic models will normally depend on how well they can reproduce observations. Calibrations with traditional performance measures, such as the Nash-Sutcliffe model efficiency, are challenged by problems including: (1) uncertain discharge data, (2) variable sensitivity of different performance measures to different flow magnitudes, (3) influence of unknown input/output errors and (4) inability to evaluate model performance when observation time periods for discharge and model input data do not overlap. This paper explores a calibration method using flow-duration curves (FDCs) to address these problems. The method focuses on reproducing the observed discharge frequency distribution rather than the exact hydrograph. It consists of applying limits of acceptability for selected evaluation points (EPs) on the observed uncertain FDC in the extended GLUE approach. Two ways of selecting the EPs were tested – based on equal intervals of discharge and of volume of water. The method was tested and compared to a calibration using the traditional model efficiency for the daily four-parameter WASMOD model in the Paso La Ceiba catchment in Honduras and for Dynamic TOPMODEL evaluated at an hourly time scale for the Brue catchment in Great Britain. The volume method of selecting EPs gave the best results in both catchments with better calibrated slow flow, recession and evaporation than the other criteria. Observed and simulated time series of uncertain discharges agreed better for this method both in calibration and prediction in both catchments. An advantage with the method is that the rejection criterion is based on an estimation of the uncertainty in discharge data and that the EPs of the FDC can be chosen to reflect the aims of the modelling application, e.g. using more/less EPs at high/low flows. While the method appears less sensitive to epistemic input/output errors than previous use of limits of acceptability applied directly to the time series of discharge, it still requires a reasonable representation of the distribution of inputs. Additional constraints might therefore be required in catchments subject to snow and where peak-flow timing at sub-daily time scales is of high importance. The results suggest that the calibration method can be useful when observation time periods for discharge and model input data do not overlap. The method could also be suitable for calibration to regional FDCs while taking uncertainties in the hydrological model and data into account.
Dr Cookie and Mr Token - Web Session Implementations and How to Live with Them

The implementation of web sessions is a somewhat anarchic and largely unstructured process. Our goal with the present paper is to provide a disciplined perspective of which are the relative strengths and weaknesses of the most common techniques to implement web sessions, with a particular focus on their security. We clarify common misconceptions in the recent “cookies vs tokens” debate and we propose a more useful classification of web session implementations, based on where session information and session credentials are stored. We then propose a new implementation technique for web sessions which combines the strengths of existing web technologies to overcome their weaknesses and we successfully deploy our solution on top of WordPress and the Auth0 library for web authentication to demonstrate its feasibility.
A pulse step modulator cathode power supply for ECRH system on HL-2A Tokamak

To supply the cathode voltage for the two gyrotrons (140GHz/2MW/3s) of the electron cyclotron resonant heating(ECRH) system on HL-2A, a high voltage power supply (HVPS) based on pulse step modulator(PSM) with rated output of 80kV/200A has been built. It is found that storing energy of the PSM HVPS is very lower than traditional HVPS. It's beneficial to load protection. In the HVPS, there are 8 dry-type multi-winding transformers and each transformer has 14 secondary windings. The electrical insulation level between the primary side and the secondary side of the multi-windings transformer reach to 150kV. There are 112 switch power supplies in the HVPS, the output voltage can be regulated from 0 to 80kV by modulating their delay time and pulse widths. To realize two gyrotrons parallel operating and respective quick protection, solid-state high voltage modulators(SSHVM) based on IGBT are also applied in the power supply. The over-current and over-voltage protection are executed by turning off the HVPS and the SSHVM. The protection time is less than 10μs. A fully digital controller based on digital signal processor and field programmable gate arrays has been developed to ensure the stability of output voltage of the HVPS. The design circuit and elements are described, and test results of the HVPS of the gyrotrons are given.
High-efficiency and color stable deep-blue organic light-emitting diodes

We have demonstrated high-efficiency and color stable deep-blue organic light emitting diodes (OLED) using 4,4′-Bis (9-ethyl-3-carbazovinylene)-1,1′ -biphenyl doped in new blue host material as emitting layer. As host change of the doped blue emitter, blue OLED improved efficiency and exhibited color stability. The optimized blue OLED showed the peak external quantum efficiency of 4.72%, luminous efficiency of 5.12 cd/A at 0.08 mA/cm2, and Commission Internationale de I'Eclairage coordinates of (0.15, 0.12) at 1000cd/m2. This result showed higher efficiency of 1.6 times than control device.
Neurologic Sequelae of Brain Tumors in Children

Neurologic signs and symptoms are often the initial presenting features of a primary brain tumor and may also emerge during the course of therapy or as late effects of the tumor and its treatment. Variables that influence the development of such neurologic complications include the type, size, and location of the tumor, the patient’s age at diagnosis, and the treatment modalities used. Heightened surveillance and improved neuroimaging modalities have been instrumental in detecting and addressing such complications, which are often not appreciated until many years after completion of therapy. As current brain tumor therapies are continually refined and newer targeted therapies are developed, it will be important for future cooperative group studies to include systematic assessments to determine the incidence of neurologic complications and to provide a framework for the development of novel strategies for prevention and intervention.
Production of subgroup‐specific monoclonal antibodies against human rotaviruses and their application to an enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay for subgroup determination

Nonneutralizing monoclonal antibodies were prepared against two strains, S2 and YO, of human rotaviruses isolated in cell culture. S2‐37 and YO‐5 antibodies had subgroup I and subgroup II specificities, respectively. The remaining antibodies (S2‐65, YO‐71, YO‐89, and YO‐156) reacted commonly with all the rotaviruses examined. All of the monoclonal antibodies agglutinated exclusively single‐shelled particles and immunoprecipitated 42,000‐dalton protein, a major component of inner capsid.
The ω‐site sequence of glycosylphosphatidylinositol‐anchored proteins in Saccharomyces cerevisiae can determine distribution between the membrane and the cell wall

Glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI)‐anchored cell wall proteins play an important role in the structure and function of the cell wall in yeast and other fungi. Although the majority of characterized fungal GPI‐anchored proteins do in fact localize to the cell wall, some are believed to reside at the plasma membrane and not to traffic significantly to the cell wall. There is evidence suggesting that the amino acids immediately upstream of the site of GPI anchor addition (the ω site) serve as the signal determining whether a GPI protein localizes to the cell wall or to the plasma membrane, although this remains controversial. Here, we examine in detail the functional and biochemical differences between the GPI anchor addition signals of putative cell wall (CW) and plasma membrane (PM) GPI proteins. We find strong evidence for the existence of PM‐class and CW‐class GPI proteins. We show that the biological function of a GPI‐CWP is strongly compromised by changing the GPI anchor signal from a CW‐class signal to a PM‐class signal. Biochemically, this abrogation of function corresponds to a change in the protein from a cell wall form to a membrane form. To understand better the basis for the difference between the two classes of proteins, we mutated the amino acids upstream of the ω site in a GPI‐PM protein and selected mutant proteins that were now localized to the cell wall. We were also able to design simple amino acid mutations in a GPI‐CW protein that efficiently redirected the protein to the plasma membrane. These studies make clear that different GPI anchor sequences can have dramatic effects on localization of the proteins and help to define the GPI anchor addition signal sequences that distinguish the PM‐class and CW‐class GPI proteins.
Methodological Differences in the Interpretation of Fatigue Data from Repeated Maximal Effort Knee Extensions

Background : Isokinetic fatigue protocols are commonly used in both research as well as in kinesiology education. However, fatigue quantification methods vary between studies. Objective : Therefore, the purpose of this study was to determine how fatigue quantification methods affect data interpretation and which methods may be most appropriate. Method : In this study, we quantified fatigue from a repeated maximal effort isokinetic knee extension test using different methods, as seen in published research. Nine healthy males and nine healthy females performed 50 concentric knee extensions at 180°•s-1. For each repetition, torque was quantified as either peak torque (PT), torque at the mid-point of the range of motion, and torque integrated over the full, middle 30° range of motion, and isokinetic range of motion. Fatigue Index was quantified using either the first and last three or five repetitions or the peak and last three or five repetitions. Torque slopes were quantified using all repetitions or repetitions that occurred at and beyond the repetition at which the greatest torque value occurred. Results : There was a significant inverse relationship between angle at PT and repetition number. Measures of fatigue were overestimated when torque integral over the isokinetic range of motion was utilized. When the first three or first five repetitions were utilized for Fatigue Index calculations, fatigue was underestimated. Conclusion : Results suggest that torque integral over the full range of motion is likely the best representation of strength or work. Also, researchers should omit the first few repetitions from their quantification of Fatigue Index or torque slope.