Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
THE ASSOCIATION BETWEEN TOTAL PARENTERAL NUTRITION AND CENTRAL LINE-ASSOCIATED BLOODSTREAM INFECTION

DENIZ ERDEM1*, BELGIN AKAN1, DILEK KANYıLMAZ2, GÖKHAN DEMIRELLI1, SEÇIL UNAL EŞINGEN3, DILŞEN ÖRNEK1, ISA SÖZEN4, MUTLU DOĞANAY4 1Ankara Numune Training and Research Hospital, Department of Anesthesiology and Reanimation, Ankara 2Ankara Numune Training and Research Hospital, Infection Control Committee, Ankara 3Ankara Numune Training and Research Hospital, Clinical Nutrition Team, Ankara 4Ankara Numune Training and Research Hospital, Department of General Surgery, Ankara, Turkey
MESOPOROUS SILICA ELECTROCHEMICAL SENSORS FOR THE DETECTION OF ASCORBIC ACID AND URIC ACID

Mesoporous silica of SBA-15 and SBA-16 were successfully synthesized via the surfactant templating technique using tetraorthosilicate (TEOS) as the silica source and both surfactants, pluronic P123 and F127. Two different modified carbon paste electrodes (MCPE) were fabricated; SBA-15/MCPE and SBA-16/MCPE in compared to unmodified electrode, carbon paste electrode (CPE), for ascorbic acid (AA) and uric acid (UA) determination. Due to the unique properties of mesoporous silica materials, the MCPE fabricated exhibits greater surface enhancement effect, offers better adsorption and increases the response signals of AA and UA towards both MCPEs compared to CPE. The electrochemical behaviours of AA and UA were investigated using cyclic voltammetry. Finally, the electrochemical methods were successfully applied in detection of AA and UA.
Unsupervised processing methods for motor imagery-based brain-computer interface

Brain-computer interface (BCI) research is speedily growing and numerous innovative techniques are proposed for implementing BCI. One of the major drawbacks in BCI's application is the problem of searching out a response from one trial. Hence, many trials are performed for every element so as to decrease the error in prediction. This led to a long time before accurately predicting the user intent and intensive user training is needed. The objective of this paper is to investigate a new technique to process the signal from brain in a real time without any prior training. The new approach is applied to experimental data for motor imagery-based BCI and is compared to the classification results of the same data using the conventional processing techniques requiring prior calibration. Different classification methodologies were used as in time and frequency domain. It is concluded that wavelet transform get best performance reaches 82.14%. Therefore, these promising results recommend that this approach can reach accuracies not extremely far from those got with training.
Physical-Layer Security Against Smart Eavesdroppers: Exploiting Full-Duplex Receivers

As many security solutions integrated with various technologies have been proposed against eavesdropping attacks, technical advances for adversaries can also pose a serious security threat. This paper considers a problem of smart eavesdropping attacks on multiple-input-multiple-output wiretap channels for a legitimate transceiver. We present a smart eavesdropper model and a cooperative jamming solution between transceivers that can control the jamming signal power to achieve the optimal secrecy performance. In particular, for practical applications, our proposed solution considers the residual self-interference from the full-duplex receiver and the limited cancellation capability of the smart eavesdropper. We derive the secrecy outage probability in general and smart eavesdropper cases, and show numerical results and secrecy regions for evaluation. As a result, our proposed solutions can improve the secrecy performance significantly by exploiting the full-duplex receiver and the cooperative jamming strategies with the sophisticated power control according to power expenditure.
EVALUATION OF SYMPATHOADRENAL SYSTEM AND ADRENAL CORTEX FUNCTIONAL ACTIVITY AMONG CHILDREN IN THE AGE AND SEXASPEСTS

The study of relationship between sympathetic-adrenal and pituitary-adrenal systems at the level of the whole organism in ontogenesis is a little-studied problem which has a general biological significance. A comprehensive study of regulatory system functional state of modern schoolchildren will expand the understanding of the neuroendocrine mechanisms of their age development and puberty, which is very important for the scientific foundation of the health care system among younger generation. The aim of research was a comprehensive study of the age and sex characteristics of the sympathetic-adrenal system and the adrenal cortex, the ratio of their functional activity among 10-15 year old boys and girls. The observation among children lasted for 6 years continuously. The content of adrenaline and noradrenaline in daily urine based on fluorimetric method showed the state of the sympathetic-adrenal system. The functional status of the adrenal cortex was assessed by urinary excretion of 17ketosteroids and 17-oxycorticosteroids using a colorimetric method based on Zimmermann reaction with mdinitrobenzene and and by the reaction with phenylhydrazine after enzymatic hydrolysis (Silber's and Porter's method). The statistical significance of differences was determined by Student's t-criterion. It was shown that the daily excretion of adrenaline varies slightly among the children of both sexes, while the dynamics of norepinephrine is more pronounced and oscillatory in nature, which is consistent with the concept of chromaffin tissue earlier maturation relative to sympathetic innervation in ontogenesis. At the same time they revealed multidirectional changes in the excretion of 17-ketosteroids and 17-oxycorticosteroids among 11-13 year old boys, reflecting the biological antagonism of androgens and glucocorticoids, which have protein-anabolic and catabolic effects on a body. A certain synchronicity was established in the manifestation of the mediator link functional activity of the sympathetic-adrenal system, androgen and glucocorticoid function of the adrenal cortex, MariaVladimirovnaShaykhelislamova* et al. International Journal Of Pharmacy & Technology IJPT| June-2016 | Vol. 8 | Issue No.2 | 14643-14649 Page 14644 which is manifested heterochronically in sex groups among 10 12 year old girls, and 14-15 year old boys. This confirms the literature data on the presence of close functional relationship between catecholamines and corticosteroids at different levels of neurohumoral regulatory mechanism and shows the features of adaptive reactions of children during prepubertal and pubertal development.
Cell defense responses associated with localized and systemic resistance to Phytophthora parasitica induced in tomato by an arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus

The arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus Glomus mosseae is able to confer bioprotection against Phytophthora parasitica in tomato roots. Localized and induced systemic resistance (ISR) have been demonstrated to be involved in pathogen control in mycorrhizal and nonmycorrhizal roots with a split root experimental system. Decreased pathogen development in mycorrhizal and nonmycorrhizal parts of mycorrhizal root systems is associated with accumulation of phenolics and plant cell defense responses. G. mosseae-containing cortical cells in the mycorrhizal tissues are immune to the pathogen and exhibit a localized resistance response with the formation of cell wall appositions reinforced by callose adjacent to intercellular hyphae. The systemically induced resistance in nonmycorrhizal root parts is characterized by elicitation of host wall thickenings containing non-esterified pectins and PR-1a protein in reaction to intercellular pathogen hyphae, and by the formation of callose-rich encasement material around P. paras.
Combating Corruption in Nigeria: The Role of the Public Sector Auditor

There have been several cases of abuse of political power bordering on corruption charges levied against political office holders, companies, individuals operating in the private sector and several public officers in Nigeria. Overtime, public sector auditors have undertaken the audits of government Ministries, Department and Agencies’ (MDAs) accounting procedures and financial statements by reviewing the legality of transactions made by the audited body to ascertain the efficiency and effectiveness of government programmes. How then should the public sector auditor carryout his duties in such a manner that enables him to detect opportunities for corruption as he may not be in position to quantify or report it? This paper seeks to identify the role of the Auditor General who heads the Supreme Audit Institution in Nigeria and the public sector auditor in fighting corruption and it concludes on the premise that effective corruption control requires the commitment and involvement of all citizens of the society. Keywords: corruption, public sector auditor, Nigeria
Application-Aware Offloading Policy Using SMDP in Vehicular Fog Computing Systems

The emergence of various applications in vehicular networks has greatly improved the traffic safety and transportation efficiency while providing a comfortable driving experience. Meanwhile, many of these applications, such as augmented reality (AR) techniques, etc., are time sensitive and require intensive computation loads, which pose new challenges in terms of computation and processing. Fog computing has emerged as a promising architecture to provide a distributed infrastructure brings the efficient computing capability of the cloud to the edge of the network thus providing higher performance. However, considering different delay requirements required for the applications and the variable computation resources in vehicular networks, it is difficult to achieve an efficient offloading. To solve this problem, in this paper, we propose the vehicular fog computing system (VFCS) to utilize the public service vehicles, such as buses, as the fog servers. To describe the variability feature of the available resources and the application-aware delay requirements, a priority queuing system is applied to model the VFCS. By the semi-Markov decision process (SMDP), we propose an application-aware offloading policy to obtain the optimal computation resource allocation scheme and maximize the long-term expected reward of the VFCS, where both the heterogeneous delay requirements of the applications and the dynamic topology of the vehicular networks are considered. Experimental results show that the proposed SMDP- based offloading policy can improve the offloading performance when compared to the conventional baseline policies.
European Economic and Monetary Union Sovereign Debt Markets

This paper focuses on developments in the European Economic and Monetary Union sovereign debt markets in the past decade. The ? rst part analyzes the integration and segmentation structure of the bond markets of the Economic and Monetary Union before and after the sovereign debt crisis, by introducing the novel concept of correlation-based stable networks. Accordingly, a fair integration is observed between the bond markets during the pre-crisis period. However, a strict segmentation emerges, separating the members struggling with debt problems and the ones with relatively strong ? scal performances during the sovereign debt turmoil. The segmentation structure is clearly visualized, revealing the potential paths for crisis and recovery transmission in the future. In the second part, the paper comments on the recent decreasing trend in Economic and Monetary Union member bond yields and their increasing degree of co-movement. Accordingly, the paper argues that these changes do not depend on the ? scal performances of the member countries, but depend on the illusion of quality that appeared with the Fed (U.S. Federal Reserve) tapering signals in early 2013.
Electrophysiological Characterization of Cardiac Cells Differentiated from Embryonic, Induced Pluripotent and Adipose-Derived Stem Cells for Translational Tissue Engineering Applications

ii Acknowledgements . iv List of Figures . vii List of Tables . viii Chapter 1: Literature Review . 1 1.1 Structure of the Cardiovascular System . 2 1.1.1 Tissue Layers of the Heart Wall and The Pericardial Cavity . 3 1.1.2 Chambers and Valves of the Heart . 4 1.1.3 Cardiac Conduction System of the Heart . 5 1.2 Cellular Anatomy of Cardiomyocytes . 7 1.2. 1 Varieties of Cardiomyocytes . 7 1.2. 2 Intercellular Junctions in Cell Signaling . 8 1.2. 3 Cellular Contraction and The Sliding Filament Model . 9 1.3 Electrophysiology of the Cell . 10 1.3.1 Voltage Gated Ion Channels . 10 1.3.2 Stages of Action Potentials in Cardiomyocytes . 13 1.3. 3 Modeling Electrophysiology Using Circuitry . 16 1.3. 4 Using Patch Clamping Techniques to Characterize Cellular Electrophysiology 18 1.3. 5 Using Multi-­‐Electrode Arrays to Characterize Cellular Electrophysiology . 23 1.4 Pathologies of the Cardiovascular System . 25 1.4. 1 Atherosclerosis and Myocardial Infarction . 25 1.4. 2 Pathologies of the Cardiac Conduction System . 28 1.4. 3 Current Treatment Options for Patients with Heart Disease . 31 1.5 Cardiac Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine . 36 1.5. 1 Approaches to Cardiovascular Regenerative Medicine . 36 1.5. 2 Embryonic Stem Cells in Cardiac Tissue Engineering . 38 1.5. 3 Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells in Cardiac Tissue Engineering . 40 1.5. 4 Mesenchymal and Adipose-­‐Derived Stem Cells in Cardiac Tissue Engineering 43 Chapter 2: Project Aims and Rationale . 47 Chapter 3: Materials and Methods . 49 3.1 Cell Culture Techniques . 50 3.1.1 Culturing the iCell® induced-­‐pluripotent stem cells . 50 3.1.2 Culturing the CytivaTM embryonic stem cell derived cardiomyocytes in 2D . 50 3.1.3 Culturing ADSCs in a Monolayer (2D) . 51 3.1.4 Culturing ADSCs in 3D spheroids . 52 3.2 Patch Clamping Techniques . 53 Page Title Page . i
Video Frame Interpolation by Plug-and-Play Deep Locally Linear Embedding

We propose a generative framework which takes on the video frame interpolation problem. Our framework, which we call Deep Locally Linear Embedding (DeepLLE), is powered by a deep convolutional neural network (CNN) while it can be used instantly like conventional models. DeepLLE fits an auto-encoding CNN to a set of several consecutive frames and embeds a linearity constraint on the latent codes so that new frames can be generated by interpolating new latent codes. Different from the current deep learning paradigm which requires training on large datasets, DeepLLE works in a plug-and-play and unsupervised manner, and is able to generate an arbitrary number of frames. Thorough experiments demonstrate that without bells and whistles, our method is highly competitive among current state-of-the-art models.
eterologous expression of a newly screened-agarase from lteromonas sp . GNUM 1 in Escherichia coli and its application for garose degradation oung

The gene of agaG1 from Alteromonas sp. GNUM1 encoding a -agarase (AgaG1) was heterologously expressed in E. coli BL21 (DE3). The recombinant strain was cultured at 37 ◦C and then AgaG1 was expressed at 25 ◦C and 0.5 mM IPTG. The optimum conditions for AgaG1 to hydrolyze agarose were pH 7.0 and 40 ◦C. The main products of agarose hydrolysis by AgaG1 were confirmed to be neoagarobiose and neoagarotetraose. A new agarose hydrolysis process using AgaG1 was developed, in which the reaction
Centrality-Friendship Paradoxes: When Our Friends Are More Important Than Us

The friendship paradox states that, on average, our friends have more friends than we do. In network terms, the average degree over the nodes can never exceed the average degree over the neighbours of nodes. This effect, which is a classic example of sampling bias, has attracted much attention in the social science and network science literature, with variations and extensions of the paradox being defined, tested and interpreted. Here, we show that a version of the paradox holds rigorously for eigenvector centrality: on average, our friends are more important than us. We then consider general matrix-function centrality, including Katz centrality, and give sufficient conditions for the paradox to hold. We also discuss which results can be generalized to the cases of directed and weighted edges. In this way, we add theoretical support for a field that has largely been evolving through empirical testing.
Data Quality Guarantee for Credible Caching Device Selection in Mobile Crowdsensing Systems

Mobile crowdsensing systems (MCSs) present a flexible and economical alternative to traditional infrastructure-based large-scale sensing through the recruitment of personal mobile devices as data sources. As this becomes a popular sensing approach, it will impact the capacity of typical centralized cellular communication infrastructures widely adopted by MCS applications and any costs accrued. Following the trend toward edge processing, mobile edge caching offloads data and services from the system core to reduce service latency and bandwidth occupation. However, in the MCS case the edge devices are owned by the general public and are therefore more vulnerable to data or calculation manipulation by the user. We now better understand sensor data and user trustworthiness but have no way to determine which devices can also be trusted (i.e., act as a credible caching device). In this article, we treat the quality of sensing data reported by each user as an indication of their possibility of providing credible caching services. Specifically, we conduct a comprehensive study of the data quality problem with regard to cache-enabled MCSs, and develop an incentivization method to encourage users to actively provide high-quality data. That is, quality-aware behavior evaluation is core to the credible caching device selection process. Results of extensive simulations based on realworld data verify the effectiveness of our design. We also highlight several promising research directions that remain open for further elaboration.
Optimal Taxation and Debt with Uninsurable Risks to Human Capital Accumulation

We consider an economy where individuals face uninsurable risks to their human capital accumulation and study the problem of determining the optimal level of linear taxes on capital and labor income together with the optimal path of the debt level. We show both analytically and numerically that in the presence of such risks it is beneficial to tax both labor and capital income and to have positive government debt.
An Update on Unloading Knee Braces in the Treatment of Unicompartmental Knee Osteoarthritis from the Last 10 Years: A Literature Review

Abstract Background The incidence of osteoarthritis is increasing and it is one of the most common causes of chronic conditions. Total knee replacement is the mainstay of treatment for end-stage knee osteoarthritis; however, with long waiting lists and high levels of dissatisfaction, a treatment like knee braces could potentially delay surgery. Unicompartmental knee osteoarthritis is associated with misalignment of the knee, and unloader bracing has been recommended by various guidelines to correct this misalignment. The aim of this report was to provide an update of evidence from the past 10 years on knee braces. Methods MEDLINE/EMBASE search was performed from the past 10 years. Results We reviewed the evidence from 14 published articles. Almost all articles supported knee brace use and showed it to decrease pain, improve function, and improve the quality of life of patients. One study in 2017 followed patients for long term and found knee bracing to be more cost effective than total knee replacement, and could replace the need for surgery. Several minor complications were reported with bracing, like soft tissue irritation, which could be due to poor fitting. A management strategy for this could be regular follow-up at a nurse-led clinic. Conclusions Unloader braces are an economical and effective treatment for unicompartmental knee osteoarthritis. They can significantly improve a patient's quality of life and potentially delay the need for surgery. Patients should be managed with a multidisciplinary approach with conservative management and knee bracing, before surgery is considered.
Leveraging OPC-UA discovery by software-defined networking and network function virtualization

The discovery process of OPC Unified Architecture (OPC-UA) is well defined but lacks flexibility when implemented in large networks. While the standard provides concepts for local and global discovery services, the core assumption is that all clients and servers are aware of the discovery server(s) in the network. This dependency is a barrier for Plug-and-Play installations and is overcome by self announces via the multicast Domain Name System (mDNS), however, this scales badly with an increasing number of network nodes and deployed servers. We propose a discovery approach based on Software-Defined Networking (SDN) and Network Function Virtualization (NFV), that installs a plug-and-play mechanism for global OPC-UA discovery in modern virtualized networks.
Identification of Bacillus anthracis Using Gas Chromatographic Analysis of Cellular Fatty Acids and a Commercially Available Database Application

The U.S. Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases (USAMRIID, Fort Detrick, MD), the Department of Defense's lead laboratory for medical aspects of biological warfare defense, has established a database entry for Bacillus anthracis using the Sherlock Microbial Identification System (MIS) from MIDI, Inc., Newark, DE. The Sherlock MIS uses gas chromatographic analysis of fatty acid methyl esters (FAMEs) to identify over 1,500 species of bacteria, including six bacteria highly considered to be potential agents of biological terrorism. Identification is made upon comparison of unknown chromatographic patterns to the Sherlock libraries (databases) using precise peak naming, sophisticated pattern recognition algorithms and extensive microbial databases. The new B. anthracis data set entry in the Sherlock Bioterrorism (BIOTER1.0) Library allowed for accurate identification of B. anthracis isolates, both previously seen and never before seen. The system could estimate the relatedness of strains, which has potential in forensic analyses to determine attribution to the use of biological threat agents. Identification of Bacillus anthracis Using Gas Chromatographic Analysis of Cellular Fatty Acids and a Commercially Available Database Application
The 'Great Southern Reef': social, ecological and economic value of Australia's neglected kelp forests

Kelp forests define >8000km of temperate coastline across southern Australia, where ~70% of Australians live, work and recreate. Despite this, public and political awareness of the scale and significance of this marine ecosystem is low, and research investment miniscule (<10%), relative to comparable ecosystems. The absence of an identity for Australia’s temperate reefs as an entity has probably contributed to the current lack of appreciation of this system, which is at odds with its profound ecological, social and economic importance. We define the ‘Great Southern Reef’ (GSR) as Australia’s spatially connected temperate reef system. The GSR covers ~71000km2 and represents a global biodiversity hotspot across at least nine phyla. GSR-related fishing and tourism generates at least AU$10 billion year–1, and in this context the GSR is a significant natural asset for Australia and globally. Maintaining the health and ecological functioning of the GSR is critical to the continued sustainability of human livelihoods and wellbeing derived from it. By recognising the GSR as an entity we seek to boost awareness, and take steps towards negotiating the difficult challenges the GSR faces in a future of unprecedented coastal population growth and global change.