Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Retailoring for Fast, On-the-Fly Trace Generation for NoC Design Space Exploitation

As the number of cores on a chip increases continuously, network-on-chip (NoC) becomes a critical component in SoC. To exploit the design space of NoC, trace-driven simulation is often used. However, preparing traces of different numbers of cores for design space exploitation can be time-consuming and require huge storage. In this paper, we propose trace retailoring for fast and on-the-fly trace generation. The idea is to transform a seed trace for a certain number of cores to new traces for different number of cores. This is done by representing traces using a concise structure called attack board. Trace retailoring then becomes that of manipulating attack board, which can be used in turn to generate traces on-the-fly during simulations. Our evaluations show that the retail red traces can produce performance results close to real traces, and thus can be used for design space explorations.
General Morphology and Innervation of the Midgut and Hindgut of Megalobulimus abbreviatus (Gastropoda, Pulmonata)

We describe the morphology and innervation of the midgut and hindgut of the giant land snail Megalobulimus abbreviatus for the first time. The midgut (stomach and intestine) and hindgut (rectum and anus) are innervated by the subesophageal ganglia, through the gastrointestinal branch (originated from the visceral nerve) and the rectum-anal nerve, respectively. Backfilling through these nerves revealed neuronal bodies, mainly in the right parietal and visceral ganglia. The enteric plexuses of the midgut and hindgut are formed by extensive axonal networks and several neuronal somata arranged in clusters or as isolated cells. The gastrointestinal branch and the rectum-anal nerve directly innervate the enteric plexuses of the intestine and the hindgut, respectively. However, the outer wall of the stomach has a stomatogastric nervous system, which consists of four ganglia: stomatogastric, gastric, cardic, and pyloric. Fibers of the gastrointestinal branch project to these ganglia. Anterograde tracing from stomatogastric system ganglia revealed that the enteric plexus of the stomach is innervated only by these peripheral ganglia. Anterograde tracing of the gastrointestinal branch did not result in labeling in the enteric plexus of the stomach. Therefore, the midgut and hindgut of M. abbreviatus is controlled by an intrinsic innervation, constituted by the submucous and myenteric plexuses, which are innervated directly by neurons from the subesophageal ganglia or indirectly via the stomatogastric nervous system (for the stomach).
Compliance control with vector decomposer using one-dimensional pressure sensor for robotic hand

Compliance control using tactile sensor for robotic hands have been one of the major research topics. Most researchers use a variety of multi-dimensional force sensors with compliance control. In this paper, we replace traditional multidimensional force/torque sensor with one-dimensional pressure sensor. In order to achieve the effect of multi-dimensional sensor, we also propose a vector decomposer to calculate the three-axes position error vector from one-dimensional position signal and make it works in position based impedance control. Finally, the performance of the vector decompose algorithm and compliance grasping are verified in simulation and experiment.
The foveal avascular region of developing human retina.

OBJECTIVE To study the development of the perifoveal retinal vasculature. METHODS We studied 7 retinas aged between 26 weeks' gestation and 1 week postnatal (41 weeks' gestation). Sections were imaged using high-resolution digital photography and blood vessel profiles identified at 200% to 300% magnification. Flat mounts were immunolabeled using antibodies to CD31 and factor VIII to identify blood vessels and antibodies to rhodopsin to identify the rod-free zone. RESULTS The foveal region was identified by the absence of rod photoreceptors in the outer retina and/or presence of a shallow depression in the inner retina. The whole mount at 26 weeks' gestation showed a blood vessel-free region centered on the rod-free zone that was open along the horizontal meridian on the temporal side. At 37 weeks' gestation, the foveal avascular zone formed a complete circle. In sections, the foveal avascular zone was approximately 500 microm in diameter at 35 weeks' gestation and 300 to 350 microm at 40 weeks' gestation; in whole mounts, it was 150 to 170 microm in diameter at 37 and 41 weeks' gestation. CONCLUSIONS The foveal region is normally avascular during development, as in adult life. We found no evidence of foveal vascularization during development of the human retina. Clinical Relevance Instances of vascularization of the foveal region are not due to failed regression of a transient vasculature.
Early development of nouns and verbs in French: exploring the interface between lexicon and grammar

Early acquisition of nouns and verbs across languages is a key issue for a number of recent studies that question the reality of the ‘noun-bias’ and wonder about the reasons why it exists as they explore the role of cognitive vs. more language-specific input factors. Addressing this issue, the present study investigates how the noun and verb word classes develop in the free speech of a French child between the ages of 1;2 and 2;6, from the perspective of semantic and grammatical development. The analyses indicate that, in French acquisition, nouns clearly predominate over verbs until age 1;8 at least, but that verbs are produced in the early stages. Concrete object names among nouns and concrete action verbs among verbs were found to be the most prevalent categories, but they were not the earliest to appear and their distribution revealed an asymmetry in the conceptual packaging of nouns and verbs. Verb grammaticalization, assessed through inflection and auxiliary use, lagged somewhat behind noun grammaticalization, assessed through determiner use. This result supports the hypothesized noun–verb grammatical asynchrony. Verb grammaticalization seems to be related to the production of concrete action verbs, and noun grammaticalization to that of concrete object nouns, indicating interactions between semantic and grammatical development. These findings, discussed in a cross-linguistic perspective, suggest that both conceptual and grammatical packaging are important and interacting factors in noun and verb development, and argue in favour of a constructivist approach to language acquisition.
SV40 small T antigen enhances progression to >G2 during lytic infection.

The infection of monkey kidney (CV-1) cells with simian virus 40 (SV40) stimulates the cells into successive rounds of DNA synthesis without an intervening mitosis, leading to the acquisition of a >G2 DNA content. To elucidate the role of small t antigen in cell cycle progression and in viral replication during infection, studies were performed using an SV40 mutant (dl888) that lacks the ability to produce small t. Initially dl888-infected cells move through the first S phase at roughly the same rate as wild-type infected cells. Upon reaching G2, however, the dl888-infected cells progressed to >G2 at a reduced rate relative to wild-type. The slower rate of entry into >G2 of dl888-infected cells is associated with a decrease in total pRb and an increase in the ratio of hypophosphorylated to hyperphosphorylated pRb. The expression of cyclin D1 and p27(kip1) were elevated in dl888-infected cells compared to wild-type-infected CV-1 cells. Taken together, these results indicate that small t antigen plays a role in stimulating entry into >G2 in SV40-infected CV-1 cells, possibly by affecting the regulation of key cell cycle proteins.
Essential Hypertension: Hemodynamic and Therapeutic Changes Over 20 Years

The hemodynamic disturbances in essential hypertension depend on the age of the subjects and the severity of the hypertensive state. In a 20-year follow-up study, we demonstrated a shift in the hemodynamic characteristics from a high output/normal resistance pattern in the early phase toward a low-flow/high-resistance pattern in the later period. The arteriovenous oxygen difference increased, particularly during exercise, and the oxygen reserve in venous blood decreased. Treatment with conventional drugs (β-blockers and/or diuretics) for 20 years with satisfactory control of diastolic blood pressure did not prevent a marked increase in total peripheral resistance and a reduction in stroke index and cardiac index. In recent years, β-blockers with vasodilating activity have been introduced in the treatment of hypertension (labetalol, acebutolol, dilevalol, celiprolol. and carvedilol). The hemodynamic effects of these compounds clearly differ from the changes induced during acute and chronic conventional β-blocking treatment. In contrast to the usual β-blockers, these drugs reduce total peripheral resistance acutely, and reduce cardiac index considerably less; arteriovenous oxygen difference is more normal. In an acute study of carvedilol in 18 patients with essential hypertension, total peripheral resistance was reduced 8% at rest (supine) and 6% during exercise. Exercise heart rate was reduced 12%, but due to an increase in stroke index, the reduction in cardiac index was only 6%—considerably less than what is seen during treatment with conventional β-blockers.
Evolutionary Programming With Only Using Exponential Mutation

The individual of population in standard self-adaptive evolutionary programming (EP) is composed as a pair of objective variable and strategy parameter. Therefore, EP must evolve both objective variable and strategy parameter. In standard evolutionary programming (CEP), these evolutions are implemented by mutation based on only Gaussian random number. On the other hand, fast evolutionary programming (FEP) uses Cauchy random number as evolution of objective variable and exponential evolutionary programming (EEP) uses exponential random number as evolution of objective variable. However, all of these EP (CEP, FEP and EEP) commonly uses Gaussian random number as evolution of strategy parameter. In this paper, we propose new EEP algorithm (NEP) which uses double exponential random number for both evolution of objective variable and strategy parameter. The experimental results show that this new algorithm (NEP) outperforms the existing CEP and FEP.
Organization of the motoneurons innervating the pelvic muscles of the male rat

The cytoarchitecture of the motoneuron pool of the male rat was studied at the lumbo‐sacral transition area, particularly in L6. In the latter segment a dorso‐medial (DM), ventral (V), dorso‐lateral (DL), and retrodorso‐lateral group (RDL) could be defined. The DL group was associated with a prominent longitudinal dendrite bundle and the DM group with smaller transverse bundles. Morever, close soma‐somatic apposition was found between neurons in these columns.
Développement de systèmes d'administration originaux destinés à la prévention de la contamination par le VIH chez la femme

Avec pres de 30 millions de morts depuis le debut de la pandemie, l’infection par le VIH est un veritable fleau a l’echelle mondiale, surtout en Afrique sub-saharienne. Dans ce contexte, disposer d’une formulation microbicide efficace, facile a administrer par la voie vaginale, representerait un outil de prevention ideal pour lutter contre cette pandemie. Ainsi, la conception rationnelle de telles formulations represente un enjeu majeur de sante publique.Ce travail decrit la recherche de formulations thermogelifiantes et mucoadhesives a base de pluronics et d’hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC). Outre la caracterisation de leurs proprietes rheologiques et d’adhesion, ainsi que des etudes en culture cellulaire suggerant une tres faible toxicite de contact, ces hydrogels ont montre d’une part, leur capacite a vehiculer efficacement le peptide M48U1 (equipe L. Martin, CEA) destine a bloquer l’entree cellulaire du VIH et d’autre part a ralentir considerablement la diffusion de nanoparticules modeles mimant les particules virale matures du VIH-1, en comparaison d’hydrogel d'hydroxy ethylcellulose (HEC) frequemment utilises dans divers essais cliniques infructueux et aussi au mucus cervico-vaginal de macaque. L’ensemble des resultats suggere donc la capacite de ces formulations a constituer une double barriere, physique et pharmacologique, protectrice de la muqueuse vaginale vis-a-vis du VIH.
Exploring subdomain cooperativity in T4 lysozyme II: Uncovering the C‐terminal subdomain as a hidden intermediate in the kinetic folding pathway

Intermediates along a protein's folding pathway can play an important role in its biology. Previous kinetics studies have revealed an early folding intermediate for T4 lysozyme, a small, well‐characterized protein composed of an N‐terminal and a C‐terminal subdomain. Pulse‐labeling hydrogen exchange studies suggest that residues from both subdomains contribute to the structure of this intermediate. On the other hand, equilibrium native state hydrogen experiments have revealed a high‐energy, partially unfolded form of the protein that has an unstructured N‐terminal subdomain and a structured C‐terminal subdomain. To resolve this discrepancy between kinetics and equilibrium data, we performed detailed kinetics analyses of the folding and unfolding pathways of T4 lysozyme, as well as several point mutants and large‐scale variants. The data support the argument for the presence of two distinct intermediates, one present on each side of the rate‐limiting transition state barrier. The effects of circular permutation and site‐specific mutations in the wild‐type and circular permutant background, as well as a fragment containing just the C‐terminal subdomain, support a model for the unfolding intermediate with an unfolded N‐terminal and a folded C‐terminal subdomain. Our results suggest that the partially unfolded form identified by native state hydrogen exchange resides on the folded side of the rate‐limiting transition state and is, therefore, under most conditions, a “hidden” intermediate.
Demonstration of 640 Gbit/s /spl times/ 7000 km submarine transmission system technology ready for field deployment

Transmission of 640 Gbit/s over 7000 km in a circulating loop experiment is achieved using all undersea qualified component and transmission fiber technology. We demonstrate an average system margin >5 dB, adequate to ensure the manufacturability of the system, employing 28 nm EDFA design, chirped return-to-zero (CRZ) modulation format, and a strong foward error correction (FEC) coding.
Tooth loss in the elderly and its association with nutritional status, socio-economic and lifestyle factors

Objective. Tooth loss impacts on general health and is a risk factor for malnutrition, disability, loss of self-sufficiency, and deterioration in quality of life. The present study was carried out to evaluate the prevalence of edentulism and its association with social and lifestyle factors in a population of elderly Italians. Material and Methods. Dental, social, and disease conditions were evaluated in a large community-based cohort (3054) of elderly subjects (≥65 years) of both sexes in northern Italy. Logistic regression analyses with stepwise forward selection were performed to estimate the independent contribution of nutritional, socio-economic, and lifestyle variables to dental status. Adjusted ORs and 95% CI were estimated for variables significantly associated with edentulism. Results. The prevalence of edentulism was about 44.0%. It was more pronounced in females and it was twice as prevalent in the 90+ years age group. Among edentulous subjects, 17.5% wore no prostheses. Difficulties in chewing and in swallowing were reported by 47.6% and 13.7% of the subjects, respectively. Multivariate analysis indicates that edentulism was associated with age in both sexes. For women, independently associated risk factors were: years since menopause >23 (OR = 1.81; 95% CI: 1.37–2.40), number of children >3 (OR = 1.95; 95% CI: 1.36–2.80), and living alone (OR = 1.47; 95% CI: 1.15–1.88). For men, these were serum albumin <40 g/l (OR = 1.79; 95% CI: 1.22–2.63), current smoking (OR = 4.01; 95% CI: 2.59–6.20), and former smoking (OR = 3.42; 95% CI: 2.42–4.82). Conclusions. The prevalence of edentulism among the elderly Italian population studied was at the high end among Western countries, and higher in women than in men. In women, tooth loss correlated with aging, female events (pregnancies, menopausal status), and living alone. In men, aging and smoking are important determinants of edentulism, which is associated with the risk condition of hypoalbuminemia. Difficulty in chewing was associated with dentition type. In our study, the high prevalence of edentulous subjects without prostheses suggests a need for educational and social measures to improve patients’ attitudes to dental care and to encourage the use of prostheses among the elderly.
Impact of current transformer saturation on overcurrent protection operation

If current transformer (CT) characteristics are not properly selected for fault conditions, saturation will occur which can affect protection device operation. In some applications even if CTs are properly sized, it is necessary to locate protection devices far from the CTs. In these cases, the wire resistance, which adds to the CT burden, causes CT saturation at smaller currents than when located close to the protection devices. The impact of CT saturation on protection device operation is different for different protection device types and protection schemes. This paper investigates the influence of CT saturation on overcurrent protection when protection devices are located far from the CTs, causing their saturation during faults. A study was performed to verify that delayed overcurrent protection response will not cause mis-coordination with other protection devices. It is shown that CT saturation will not significantly delay overcurrent protection operation for most common settings.
Mitral annular plane systolic excursion in the assessment of left ventricular diastolic dysfunction in obese adults

Objective: Mitral annular plane systolic excursion (MAPSE) is a simple way to assess left ventricle (LV) function. MAPSE is also correlated to parameters, illustrating the close relation between systolic and diastolic function of LV. In this study, we evaluated whether MAPSE could help us in the determination the LV diastolic dysfunction (DD) in obese adults. Methods: Our study was a prospective cross-sectional study. Obese patients who were referred from the endocrinology clinic were enrolled into this study. The participants included 40 obese patients with early-stage DD (grade I and II) and 40 obese patients with normal diastolic function, with an equal number of males and females. The patients with DD were further divided into Obese DD+I, who had grade I DD, and Obese DD+II, who had grade II DD. Student t-test, Mann-Whitney U test, one-way analysis of variance, ROC curve analysis, and pairwise comparisons of the ROC curves were used for statistical analysis. Results: MAPSE was different in all groups, with the lowest value in the Obese DD+II group (p<0.001). E/Em ratio was also different among all groups and was highest in the Obese DD+II group (p<0.001). Furthermore, MAPSE was negatively correlated with E/Em ratio (r=-0.368, p=0.020). The optimal threshold point of MAPSE in the diagnosis of left ventricle diastolic dysfunction (LVDD) was ≥1.45 cm, with 92.5% sensitivity (95% CI 79.6-98.4) and 77.5% specificity (95% CI 61.5-89.2) in the ROC curve analysis. There was no difference in the pairwise comparisons of the ROC curves of MAPSE and E/Em ratio in the diagnosis of DD [area under the ROC curve 0.902 (0.033) vs. 0.927 (0.027); p=0.54]. Conclusion: Consequently, we found significantly a close relationship between MAPSE with conventional echocardiographic parameters, especially with E/Em, in the detection of left ventricle diastolic dysfunction (LVDD) in obese adults with normal LV ejection fraction. We think that MAPSE is a simple, easily acquired and less time consuming measurement and may help us in the stratification of LVDD in obese adults.
Association between allergic responses and Schistosoma mansoni infection in residents in a low-endemic setting in Brazil.

INTRODUCTION Schistosomiasis is endemic in 76 countries and territories. Several studies have found an inverse correlation between parasitic disease and the development of allergies. The purpose of the present study was to determine whether infection with Schistosoma mansoni in subjects with a low parasite load is protective against allergy. The final sample consisted of 39 S. mansoni-positive and 52 S. mansoni-negative residents of a small community in northeastern Brazil. METHODS All subjects were submitted to the Kato-Katz test, anti-S. mansoni IgG measurement, the prick test for aeroallergens, eosinophil counts and serum IgE measurement. RESULTS Subjects who reacted to one or more antigens in the prick test were considered allergic. Only 7 S. mansoni-positive subjects (17.9%) reacted to one or more antigens, whereas 20 S. mansoni-negative subjects (38.5%) tested positive for allergy. CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggest that, in areas of low endemicity, infection with S. mansoni significantly reduces the risk of the development of allergy in subjects with a low parasite load.
Statistical Performance Analysis of Data-Driven Neural Models

Data-driven model-based analysis of electrophysiological data is an emerging technique for understanding the mechanisms of seizures. Model-based analysis enables tracking of hidden brain states that are represented by the dynamics of neural mass models. Neural mass models describe the mean firing rates and mean membrane potentials of populations of neurons. Various neural mass models exist with different levels of complexity and realism. An ideal data-driven model-based analysis framework will incorporate the most realistic model possible, enabling accurate imaging of the physiological variables. However, models must be sufficiently parsimonious to enable tracking of important variables using data. This paper provides tools to inform the realism versus parsimony trade-off, the Bayesian Cramer-Rao (lower) Bound (BCRB). We demonstrate how the BCRB can be used to assess the feasibility of using various popular neural mass models to track epilepsy-related dynamics via stochastic filtering methods. A series of simulations show how optimal state estimates relate to measurement noise, model error and initial state uncertainty. We also demonstrate that state estimation accuracy will vary between seizure-like and normal rhythms. The performance of the extended Kalman filter (EKF) is assessed against the BCRB. This work lays a foundation for assessing feasibility of model-based analysis. We discuss how the framework can be used to design experiments to better understand epilepsy.