Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The Astrobiology of Alien Worlds: Known and Unknown Forms of Life

Most definitions of life assume that, at a minimum, life is a physical form of matter distinct from its environment at a lower state of entropy than its surroundings, using energy from the environment for internal maintenance and activity, and capable of autonomous reproduction. These assumptions cover all of life as we know it, though more exotic entities can be envisioned, including organic forms with novel biochemistries, dynamic inorganic matter, and self-replicating machines. The probability that any particular form of life will be found on another planetary body depends on the nature and history of that alien world. So the biospheres would likely be very different on a rocky planet with an ice-covered global ocean, a barren planet devoid of surface liquid, a frigid world with abundant liquid hydrocarbons, on a rogue planet independent of a host star, on a tidally locked planet, on super-Earths, or in long-lived clouds in dense atmospheres. While life at least in microbial form is probably pervasive if rare throughout the Universe, and technologically advanced life is likely much rarer, the chance that an alternative form of life, though not intelligent life, could exist and be detected within our Solar System is a distinct possibility.
The functional false discovery rate with applications to genomics

The false discovery rate measures the proportion of false discoveries among a set of hypothesis tests called significant. This quantity is typically estimated based on p-values or test statistics. In some scenarios, there is additional information available that may be used to more accurately estimate the false discovery rate. We develop a new framework for formulating and estimating false discovery rates and q-values when an additional piece of information, which we call an “informative variable”, is available. For a given test, the informative variable provides information about the prior probability a null hypothesis is true or the power of that particular test. The false discovery rate is then treated as a function of this informative variable. We consider two applications in genomics. Our first is a genetics of gene expression (eQTL) experiment in yeast where every genetic marker and gene expression trait pair are tested for associations. The informative variable in this case is the distance between each genetic marker and gene. Our second application is to detect differentially expressed genes in an RNA-seq study carried out in mice. The informative variable in this study is the per-gene read depth. The framework we develop is quite general, and it should be useful in a broad range of scientific applications.
Key questions for the quantum machine learner to ask themselves

Within the last several years quantum machine learning (QML) has begun to mature; however, many open questions remain. Rather than review open questions, in this perspective piece I will discuss my view about how we should approach problems in QML. In particular I will list a series of questions that I think we should ask ourselves when developing quantum algorithms for machine learning. These questions focus on what the definition of quantum ML is, what is the proper quantum analogue of QML algorithms is, how one should compare QML to traditional ML and what fundamental limitations emerge when trying to build QML protocols. As an illustration of this process I also provide information theoretic arguments that show that amplitude encoding can require exponentially more queries to a quantum model to determine membership of a vector in a concept class than classical bit-encodings would require; however, if the correct analogue is chosen then both the quantum and classical complexities become polynomially equivalent. This example underscores the importance of asking ourselves the right questions when developing and benchmarking QML algorithms.
Weathering the Financial Storm: A Professional Forecaster Team’s Domain Diffusion of Resilience

ABSTRACT This project explores how team resilience enacted in the work domain shapes and is shaped by resilience practices in the non-work domain – a process we label, domain diffusion of resilience. Weather forecasters’ team, organizational, and professional work give rise to a resilient mentality, which then tends to manifest in their own non-work contexts. Qualitative data collected from a National Weather Service (NWS) forecaster team revealed that a strain created by a U.S. Government shutdown, which resulted in a five-week stoppage in compensation, was absorbed with minor disruption to both team (work) and family (non-work) functioning. This study draws upon high-reliability team (HRT) and organization (HRO) theory as well as the communicative theory of resilience (CTR) to describe the diffusion of resilience across domains. Implications for cross-boundary theorizing of resilience conclude the article.
Neurotracker Training to Improve The Archery Athlete Concentration

Neurotracker is a 3D technology with Multiple Object Tracking (MOT). This technology has not been developed in Indonesia. Meanwhile, developed countries have implemented this technology in sport training, including in archery sport. In archery sport, the athletes are required to concentrate every time they perform a technique and to be fast and accurate in making a decision when aiming and releasing the arrows. The problem usually occurs during shooting is that the athlete doubts in aiming and releasing the arrows, thus the shooting result does not hit the target. It is caused by the athlete’s doubt and the lack of concentration. To overcome the problem, a neurotracker training is important to be conducted in every training process to improve the athletes’ concentration. The method used in this study was an experimental method. The samples were 20 persons chosen in a non-random sampling. The subjects were divided into two groups through a random assignment, thus the number of subject in each group was ten persons. The instrument to measure the concentration was the Concentration Grid Test. The design of the study was pretest-posttest control group design. To analyze the data, t-test was used. The result of the study showed that (1) there was a significant effect of the NeuroTracker training on the improvement of the archery athlete’s concentration, (2) there was a significant effect of conventional training on the improvement of archery athlete’s concentration, (3) there was a significant difference of effect between the NeuroTracker training and conventional training in the improvement of the archery athlete’s concentration. The NeuroTracker training was better than a conventional training in increasing the archery athlete’s concentration. It is suggested that the archery trainers implement the NeuroTracker technology in the training process as it could improve the concentration of the archery athletes.
Bacillus velezensis PEA1 Inhibits Fusarium oxysporum Growth and Induces Systemic Resistance to Cucumber Mosaic Virus

Bacillus velezensis manifests robust biocontrol activity against fungal plant pathogens; however, its antiviral activity has rarely been investigated. Bacillus velezensis strain PEA1 was isolated, characterized, and evaluated for antifungal and antiviral activities against Fusarium oxysporum MT270445 and cucumber mosaic virus (CMV) MN594112. Our findings proved that strain PEA1 had intense antagonist activity against F.oxysporum. Under greenhouse conditions, the antiviral activities (protective, curative, and inactivation) of PEA1-culture filtrate (CF) on Datura stramonium plants were assayed, using a half-leaf method. The inactivation treatment exhibited the highest inhibition rate (97.56%) and the most considerable reduction of CMV-CP accumulation levels (2.1-fold) in PEA1-CF-treated plants when compared with untreated plants (26.9-fold). Furthermore, PEA1-CF induced systemic resistance with significantly elevated transcriptional levels of PAL, CHS, HQT, PR-1, and POD genes in D. stramonium leaves after all treatments. Gas chromatography‒mass spectrometry analysis showed that pyrrolo[1,2-a]pyrazine-1,4-dione is the main compound in the PEA1-CF ethyl acetate extract, which may act as an elicitor molecule that induces plant systemic resistance and inhibits both fungal growth and viral replication. Consequently, B. velezensis can be considered as a potential source for the production of bioactive compounds for the management of plant diseases. To our knowledge, this is the first report of the antiviral activity of B. velezensis against plant viral infection.
Rediscovery of Musa splendida A. Chevalier and description of two new species (Musa viridis and Musa lutea)

An article by Ramon Valmayor, Le Dinh Danh and Markku Hakkinen published in the March 2004 issue of the Philippine Agricultural Scientist (Vol. 87(1):110-118) illustrates the distinguishing characteristics of the newly rediscovered Musa splendida and two recently described Musa species from Vietnam. Musa splendida, known in Vietnam as 'Chuoi gai', is a very rare species of wild banana that was drifting toward oblivion. Cheesman, who revised the classification of bananas, did not include its description in his monumental series "Critical Notes on Species". Simmonds doubted its status as a valid species and Champion associated it with Musa sanguinea and Musa laterita. The leading banana taxonomists of the world seemed were prepared to relegate M. splendida as species ignota. A comprehensive report on the Musa germplasm resources of Vietnam listed banana cultivars, ornamental species and wild relatives but never mentioned M. splendida. An illustrated flora of Vietnam showed drawings of indigenous Musaceae, but M. splendida was not included. However, some elderly people in Vietnam maintained that 'Chuoi gai' existed between Lao Cai and Sa Pa. lnge Van den Bergh, currently an expert associate at the INIBAP regional office in the Philippines, surveyed the original home of M. splendida and discovered large populations still thriving in the Red River Valley, near Lao Cai. The suspicion that M. splendida was a mere synonym of either M. sanguinea or M. laterita was dismissed with the demonstration of their distinguishing characters. Recent characterization studies of Musa accessions at the Phu Ho Fruit Research Center in Vietnam describe two new species, Musa viridis and Musa /utea. The former is known locally as 'Chuoi rung hoa sen' and the latter as 'Chuoi rung hoa do'. The word Chuoi, meaning banana, is part of the actual name which is often descriptive. 'Chuoi rung' means jungle banana. 'Chuoi rung hoa sen' means jungle banana with lotus colored flower and 'Chuoi rung hoa do' means jungle banana with red flower. The article also presents a diagnostic characterization of M. viridis and M. /utea to differentiate them from Musa balbisiana, Musa acuminata and Musa itinerans and local species such as M. sanguinea, M. splendida and M. laterita. Finally, M. viridis and M. /utea are differentiated from each other by the color of their fruits and male buds. The Latin terms viridis and /utea were selected to highlight the difference in colour of the immature fruits, which are silvery green in M. viridis and yellow in M. /utea.
Surfacing and vertical behaviour of Atlantic bluefin tuna (Thunnus thynnus) in the Mediterranean Sea: implications for aerial surveys

Atlantic bluefin tuna (Thunnus thynnus) (ABFT) frequently engage in surface basking and foraging behaviour that makes them detectable from afar. This behaviour is utilized for the development of fisheries-independent abundance indices based on aerial surveys, although changes in the surface-feeding dynamics of ABFT are not yet accounted for. We investigated the daytime surfacing behaviour of ABFT at different temporal and vertical resolutions based on 24 individuals (117–158 cm fork length), tagged with pop-up archival tags in the Gulf of Lion, NW-Mediterranean Sea between 2015 and 2016. The results suggest that ABFT remain usually <2 min continuously within the visible surface (0–1 m) during daytime. ABFT presence in the 0–1 and 0–20 m layers varied over time and between individuals but showed a seasonal decline towards autumn with the breakdown of thermal stratification. Furthermore, the rate of surfacing events was highly correlated with the time spent in the 0–20 m layer. Geolocation estimates confirm a strong site fidelity of ABFT during the aerial survey period (August–October) in the Gulf of Lion. Our results support the choice of the survey region and period, but related indices should account for the seasonality of ABFT surface behaviour [i.e. the time spent in the 0–20 m layer.
In addition to being a marker for muscle connective tissue, Odd skipped-related 2 (OSR2) is expressed in differentiated muscle cells during chick development

The zinc finger transcription factor, Odd skipped-related 2 (OSR2) is a recognized marker of connective tissue in chick embryos. OSR2 gain- and loss-of-function experiments indicate a role in irregular connective tissue differentiation in chick limb undifferentiated cells. Re-investigation of OSR2 transcript location during chick development with in situ hybridization experiments showed that OSR2 was also expressed in differentiated muscle cells in limbs and head. OSR2 expression was also observed in differentiated myotubes in chick foetal myoblast cultures. This shows that in addition to being a marker of connective tissue, OSR2 is also expressed in muscle fibres during chick development.
Numerical study on the Wave Boundary Layer, its interaction with turbulence and consequences on the wind energy resource in the offshore environment

The wind energy farming in the offshore environment is characterized by ever-increasing structures and costs, for which reducing structural damage and maximizing production become an imperative. Such challenge is faced by site planning, intelligent design and active control systems that ultimately require a fine Atmospheric Boundary Layer (ABL) description. Contributing to refine the wind flow description in the offshore environment for engineering purposes, this work considers: (i) The interaction between turbulent and Wave Induced fluctuations, pronounced in the lower portion of the Marine ABL (MABL): Region so-called Wave Boundary Layer (WBL); (ii) The impact of the WBL in the flow above it. Focusing in the MABL sustained by non-equilibrium old-seas in neutral atmospheric conditions, the free-surface position and velocities are here prescribed into a Large Eddy Simulation (LES) according to a fifth order Stokes solution. The swell disturbances on the WBL are explored through mean profiles and spectral analyses. An original definition of the Wave Induced flow is presented, considering correlated turbulent and Wave Induced motions thus accessing the coupled dynamics between those fields and allowing the evaluation of the WBL height. Employing the proposed decomposition, the turbulent flow characteristics are recovered as expected in a flat bottom ABL, though some of its scales change considerably, forced by the WBL existent below.
Caenorhabditis Elegans as a Model for Human Synucleopathies

Neurodegenerative diseases are devastating conditions that impair human function and are becoming far more common due to the increasing proportion of senior citizens in society. Neurodegenerative diseases include synucleopathies, which have the common feature of α-synuclein rich protein aggregates. We used the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans to model human synucleopathies. The nematode research began forty years ago with definitions of its structure and development, and recently the research has expanded to its utilization as a model organism. This has been due to mostly new molecular biology techniques that have made it possible to examine the experimental animal on a whole new level. To investigate our nematode model of human synucleopathies, we have further used some of the newly developed techniques such as cDNA microarrays and RNA interference. The worm model of human synucleopathies was succesful in uncovering some of the pathogenic hallmarks and deficits of synucleopathy found in Parkinson’s disease. The worm showed impaired motor functions as defined by a trashing assay and loss of dopaminergic neurons. In microarray analysis of α-synuclein induced gene expression changes, proteasomal and mitochondrial genes were up-regulated, whereas some of the histone genes were down-regulated. A study on aging profiles revealed that the α-synuclein transgenic worms have extended lifespan and further analyses suggest it to originate from dietary restriction. Finally, a large scale RNAi experiment was carried out on chromosome I. From the ca. 2300 genes screened, 20 had a significant impact on the movement of the α-synuclein worm. In conclusion, we had three major findings with our worm model. Firstly, we demonstrated that a nonendogenous α-synuclein can induce pathogenic events comparable to the human disease. Secondly, the results gave support to the current hypothesis that energy metabolism and protein degradation are involved in α-synuclein toxicity. Thirdly, new information was gained concerning histone gene involvement in the pathogenesis. These results provide new information about the effects of αsynuclein over-expression including data at the gene expression and interference levels. The established α-synuclein over-expressing C. elegans worm model has already been provided to other researchers who have used it as a valuable model in their own original studies. National Library of Medicine Classification: QY 58, QX 203, WL 359 Medical Subject Headings: Disease Models, Animal; Animals, Genetically Modified; Invertebrates; Nematoda; Caenorhabditis elegans; Neurodegenerative Diseases; Parkinson Disease; alpha-Synuclein; Lewy Bodies; Gene Expression; Gene Expression Regulation; Energy Metabolism; Proteins/metabolism; Histones; Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis; RNA Interference To Ilkka, Lumi and the dogs And to my mom and dad
Could actions improve retrieval performance in 4-to 6-year-old children?

ABSTRACT It has been well documented in adults that compared to verbal learning, learning while the subject performs an action is far more effective. However, the results of previous studies involving children have not reached a consensus. The present study examined the action memory of 4- to 6-year-old children under various encoding conditions (i.e., VTs, EPTs and SPTs) using various retrieval tests (i.e., free recall, cued recall and recognition) to investigate the age-related development and enactment effect in action memory of 4- to 6-year-old children. The results demonstrated that the developmental differences in free recall memory performances under all encoding conditions across children aged 4 to 6 years reached significance. Additionally, cued recall and recognition performances under enacted-encoding conditions (both SPTs and EPTs) were better than those under verbal-encoding condition at all ages. Interestingly, the free recall performance under EPTs was superior to that under SPTs at all ages. Altogether, our findings showed that age-related development and enactment effects of action memory existed in children aged 4 to 6 years, depending on the test modalities, which require different mental resources.
Dialogue with stakeholders as a tool to ensure the sustainability of a business organization

The paper examines conceptual principles and the significance of dialogue with stakeholders for the successful functioning of a business organization, its development, competitive advantage, sustainability, brand and image growth. The relevance of this concept in new business realities, the main trends of which are digitalization, openness, networking, and globality of processes, has been substantiated. The purpose of the study is to establish the impact of dialogue with stakeholders on the social and economic development of a business organization in the realities of the new economy. In the course of researching theoretical approaches regarding the nature and scope of dialogue with stakeholders, the author has formed his own point of view on the value and relevance of these processes for business organizations; personal understanding of their impact on business and society has been determined. A list of potential opportunities for a business organization was identified and supplemented, subject to establishing an effective dialogue with stakeholders based on social responsibility. The author’s vision of the content and essence of the stakeholder engagement policy has been developed, the effectiveness of which will manifest itself in increasing the company’s capitalization, improving sustainability, and increasing investment attractiveness. Possible areas of manifestation and directions of interaction with stakeholders have been analyzed and the prospects and opportunities for their development towards strengthening the business process sustainability have been outlined. The research on the importance of dialogue with stakeholders for Ukrainian companies has been analyzed. Conclusions regarding the prospects for the development of this concept in the direction of improving business processes have been substantiated.
Total antioxidant capacity of some common seeds and effect of sprouting and its health benefits

The aim of study was to evaluate the antioxidants capacity of extracts of sprouted and unsprouted seeds viz., Green gram (Vignaradiata), Moth bean (Vignaaconifolia), Chick pea (Cicerarietinum). The extracts of sprouted and unsprouted seeds were prepared. The sample seeds were examined and compared with their total antioxidant capacity. The total antioxidant capacity assessed by phosphomolybdenum method. The result showed that green gram, moth bean, chick peas differ in their total antioxidant capacities. In sprouted seeds, green gram was higher antioxidant capacity over moth bean and then chick peas, so the sprouted seeds of green gram were found to be much effective in total antioxidant capacity. We have concluded from our study that the sprouting increases the health benefits by increasing its free radical scavenging abilities which otherwise if reduced causes oxidative stress leading to provide base for
Innovation in Family Firms: The Relative Effects of Wealth Concentration Versus Family-Centered Goals

Drawing on agency and behavioral perspectives, we disentangle two critical determinants of innovation strategies among family firms, namely, the family’s wealth concentration (WC) in its business and the family’s emphasis on family-centered goals (FCGs). Our results from a survey of Australian family firms show opposite and completely independent effects of WC and family-centered noneconomic goals on family firms’ innovation strategies. While higher WC is negatively associated with firm innovation, a greater emphasis placed on family-centered noneconomic goals has a positive impact, which seems to be the key determinant of innovation strategies in family firms.
S-nitrosylation of GRK regulates dopaminergic signaling and contributes to L-dopa induced dyskinesia in Parkinson's disease

G-protein coupled receptor kinase (GRK) is a family of proteins that can phosphorylate and subsequently desensitize various agonist activated G-protein coupled receptor signaling upon agonist activation. S-nitrosylation is emerging as an important post-transcriptional modification that regulates the function of a wide range of signaling molecules. Recent studies show that nitric oxide (NO) downregulates GRK2 activity; however, the molecular mechanism behind for how NO regulates GRK4 sub-family signaling is still not known. In this study, we demonstrated that S-nitrosylation of GRK6 on Cys 474 dramatically increases its kinase activity and promotes dopamine receptors internalization. More importantly, the level of GRK6 S-nitrosylation is dysregulated in a mice model of L-Dopa induced dyskinesia. It is well documented that nitrosative stress and dopaminergic signaling are involved in the onset and progress of Parkinson’s disease (PD). Our study reveals a potential molecular mechanism through which NO can affect dopaminergic neuronal signaling and contribute to PD.