Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Perceived Stress and Psychiatric Symptoms in Swedish Upper Secondary School Students

Background: Previous studies in adolescents have rarely used validated questionnaires to assess stress and psychiatric symptoms. The first aim of this study, which was conducted in 2011, was to examine the prevalence and potential sex differences of perceived stress and psychiatric symptoms among Swedish upper secondary school students for comparison with Swedish reference populations from 1996 and 1998. The second aim was to examine the correlation between perceived stress and psychiatric symptoms in 2011. Methods: Perceived stress and psychiatric symptoms were measured in 194 Swedish students, aged 15-19 years, with the validated questionnaires Perceived Stress Scale (PSS-14) and Symptoms Checklist 90 (SCL-90). PSS-14 data were compared with data from the 1996 study. SCL-90 data were compared with a large Swedish reference sample from 1998. clinicaltrials.gov: NCT01457222. Results: Significantly higher PSS-14 scores (more stress) and Global Severity Index scores (from SCL-90) (more psychiatric symptoms) were found in both sexes compared with the reference groups. Although no sex difference was found in perceived stress, female students showed more psychiatric symptoms than male students. Perceived stress and psychiatric symptoms were well correlated (ρ=0.67). Conclusions: Using validated scales, this study shows that Swedish adolescents reported higher levels of perceived stress and psychiatric symptoms in 2011, in comparison with Swedish reference populations from 1996 and 1998. Girls reported more psychiatric symptoms than the boys. Future studies could examine which strategies are useful to help young people improve in coping with stress and to prevent associated psychiatric symptoms.
Microbial Production and Consumption of Nitrate in an Annual Grassland

Gross nitrification rates (calculated by 15N pool dilution) ranged from 12 to 46% of gross mineralization rates during the growing season of annual grasses. Pools of NH4+ and NO3 (measured as N) remained below 7 and 4 ,ug/g soil, respectively, but turned over about once a day. Microbial assimilation of NO3occurred at rates similar to previous estimates of plant uptake. Hence two common assumptions, that nitrifying bacteria are poor competitors for NH4+ and that microbial immobilization of NO3is insignificant, are not correct for this grassland system. Soil heterogeneity probably results in NH4+ availability to NH4+ oxidizers at some microsites, while NO3assimilation by heterotrophic microorganisms occurs at other microsites where NH4+ is not available. Relatively high rates of NO3production and consumption in an ecosystem with an annual mean hydrologic loss of NO3--N of only 3.3 kg/ha indicate the importance of NO3in the internal N cycle of this ecosystem. Nitrification potential rates, which are an index of population size, declined during the dry season. However, a significant population remained viable when soil water potential was below -9 MPa, indicating that nitrifying bacteria can tolerate severe desiccation. A simple diffusion model demonstrates the dependence of NH4+ availability on soil moisture. Population decline during the dry season may result from both desiccation stress and a lack of substrate availability for maintenance energy of the population. Spatial compartmentalization of sites of production and consumption of inorganic-N, along with diffusional constraints among such microsites, appear to be critical factors affecting N-cycling characteristics of the ecosystem.
ORIGINAL ARTICLE Digestion Mechanisms in the Stomach and the Intestine of Horse

Horses' digestive system is considered as an interface between ruminants and non-ruminants. Therefore, the digestive system of horses enables them to digest enzymes very rapidly in the fore part of the stomach (mouth to ileum). Also, such a system provides them with sufficient grounds for a high rate of microbial fermentation in the end part of the stomach (CaecumTractum). Besides, gastrointestinal tract of horses digest and ultimately metabolize different nutritional materials such as carbohydrates, fat, and protein. For horses, the final hydrolysis by the existing enzymes is operated in the brush border of the small intestine, which leads to the release of free glucose. The most volume of carbohydrate fermentation in the intestine is fatty-vaporizable acids such as acetate, propionate butyrate. Generally, the digestion of protein is done by pancreatic proteases including trypsin, chymotrypsin, elastase and carboxy-peptidase. Furthermore, the existing bacteria in the end part of the gastrointestinal tract (especially within the Secom) are able to digest and absorb the proteins and produce microbial proteins. More than 10 to 30 percent of fat ration can be digested in the stomach. The fat ration which is not digested by saliva or gastric lipase is thereby digested by pancreatic lipase. Last but not least, the action of lipase takes place in the duodenum with regard to the help from emulsification produced by bile salts, bile fat, and the products resulting from the lipase digestion right before the intestine. This study aimed to investigate the digestion mechanisms in the stomach and the intestine of horse.
Particle Acceleration in Two Converging Shocks

Observations by spacecraft such as ACE, STEREO, and others show that there are proton spectral “breaks” with energy Ebr at 1–10 MeV in some large CME-driven shocks. Generally, a single shock with the diffusive acceleration mechanism would not predict the “broken” energy spectrum. The present paper focuses on two converging shocks to identify this energy spectral feature. In this case, the converging shocks comprise one forward CME-driven shock on 2006 December 13 and another backward Earth bow shock. We simulate the detailed particle acceleration processes in the region of the converging shocks using the Monte Carlo method. As a result, we not only obtain an extended energy spectrum with an energy “tail” up to a few 10 MeV higher than that in previous single shock model, but also we find an energy spectral “break” occurring on ∼5.5 MeV. The predicted energy spectral shape is consistent with observations from multiple spacecraft. The spectral “break,” then, in this case is caused by the interaction between the CME shock and Earth’s bow shock, and otherwise would not be present if Earth were not in the path of the CME.
Hens Produce Artificially Enriched 13C Egg Proteins for Metabolic Tracer Studies

Clinicians and researchers studying protein metabolism in vivo, typically use isotopically-labeled free amino acids as metabolic tracers rather than isotopically-labeled proteins because such proteins are commercially unavailable. However, the use of free amino acids in lieu of protein tracers violates the critical assumption that tracer molecules undergo the identical biochemical reactions as the tracee molecules of interest. To address this problem we synthesized 13C-labeled proteins using egg laying hens and investigated the relationship between tracer dose and method of delivery on 13C-protein production. We enriched hens with one of two isotope tracers (13C-1-leucine or a uniformly labeled 13C-amino acid mixture) mixed in their food or dissolved in their drinking water at different dosing levels (86-432 mg day-1). The recovery of 13C in egg white proteins of the hen fed 13C-leucine ranged from 14% to 21%; recovery rates were highest at the lowest dosing level. At the highest dosing level egg whites were enriched more than 150‰ above background levels of 13C. The time required for half maximal 13C enrichment depended chiefly on the mode of tracer administration, and ranged from 2.5 days for 13C-leucine dissolved in water to 4.9 days for 13C-leucine mixed in food. Relative rates of 13C recovery in the egg protein were lowest for hens fed the uniformly 13C labeled amino acid mixture, presumably because of the high proportion of nonessential amino acids. The time required for the 13C-enrichment in eggs to return to background levels at the end of the enrichment period was about twice that required to initially reach isotopic equilibrium with the diet, indicating significant biochemical discrimination of endogenous 13C amino acids. We conclude that delivering small amounts of 13C amino acid tracers in the drinking water of hens is the most effective way to produce 13C-enriched proteins to for tracer studies that do not require delt 13C-enrichment above 200‰.
Random convolution of inhomogeneous distributions with $\mathcal{O}$-exponential tail

Let $\{\xi_1,\xi_2,\ldots\}$ be a sequence of independent random variables (not necessarily identically distributed), and $\eta$ be a counting random variable independent of this sequence. We obtain sufficient conditions on $\{\xi_1,\xi_2,\ldots\}$ and $\eta$ under which the distribution function of the random sum $S_{\eta}=\xi_1+\xi_2+\cdots+\xi_{\eta}$ belongs to the class of $\mathcal{O}$-exponential distributions.
Implementation and improvement of an unmanned aircraft system for precision farming purposes

Micro Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAV) are used in a variety of agricultural research applications. However, UAVs are often not designed to interact with their attached sensor devices. This circumstance leads to disadvantages in sensor data acquisition and leads to increased efforts in post-mission data processing. This paper introduces a real-time sensor data software framework, executed on an embedded low-cost computer to aggregate carrier and sensor device measurements. The proposed setup provides functionality to control sensor devices and to retrieve, fuse, log and broadcast sensor data on-the-fly. A prototype implementation proved its functionality in an example use case of above-field micro-climate mapping with low-cost temperature, humidity and image sensors.
Psychological Abuse and Health: What Role Does Forgiveness Play?

Existent literature suggests forgiveness could lead to either greater psychological abuse (reinforcement theory), or lower psychological abuse (interpersonal theory). Questionnaires were completed by 291 participants who were dating at least 2 months. More forgiveness-particularly Absence of Negativity-was related to less abuse received from their partner, and this effect was stronger for females than for males. Absence of Negativity (AN) was predictive of health variables (psychosomatic symptoms, mental and physical health), although Presence of Positive forgiveness did not predict health beyond the impact of AN. Abuse-forgiveness and assertiveness-forgiveness interaction terms were not significant predictors of health. Results indicate interpersonal theory describes the link between forgiveness and psychological abuse. Results suggest that focus on AN could be sufficient for mental or physical health change
Natural Image Super Resolution through Modified Adaptive Bilinear Interpolation Combined with Contra Harmonic Mean and Adaptive Median Filter

Super resolution is a technique to enhance the scale of image in digital image processing. The single low resolution and multiple low resolution techniques have been used by many researchers in reconstructing high resolution image. The above resolution increasing techniques are researched under spatial and frequency domain. When increased in the resolution of image, it is very important to retain the quality of image, which is the challenging task in the domain of digital image processing. Here in this paper, the super resolution architecture for single low resolution technique has been proposed to reconstruct the high resolution image by combining interpolation and restoration methods in spatial domain. The modified adaptive bilinear interpolation is proposed for interpolation and contra harmonic mean & adaptive median filter are used for restoration of single low resolution image. The experimentation is done on standard data set show that, the results obtained from modified adaptive bilinear interpolation are competitively improved when compare to other existing single low resolution techniques in interpolation domain.
APPLYING THE CONSTANT TIME TO COLLISION CRITERION IN SWARM SYSTEMS

The paper is making a short introduction into the field of the swarm intelligent robots and is proposing a new approach for the self-organizing swarms, based on the criterion of the constant time to collision. This criterion is imposing an optimal distance between moving particles, such way that the times to collision between particles are constant, for any speed. The same time to collision is imposed to the whole swarm. The imposed time to collision and therefore the distance gaps between the particles can be adjusted. Such way each member of a moving swarm can find by itself a position that is optimizing the structure and the dimensions of the swarm, according to its speed. A simulation is provided for a simple case: the Indian run.
Deletion of Lactate Dehydrogenase in Klebsiella Pneumoniae to Enhance 1,3- Propanediol Production

Propanediol (1,3-PD) is an important chemical intermediate in manufacturing polyethers, polyurethanes and polyesters. Production of 1,3-PD by microbial fermentation has attracted increasingly attention of researchers. In this study, deletion mutant of K.pneumoniae HD-1 constructed by knocking out lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) gene in our previous work was cultivated in fermentation medium utilizing glucose as carton source and original strain K.pneumoniae were simultaneously used as the control strain under absolutely the same conditions and their capability of 1,3-PD production were compared. The results showed that an increase of 19.98%, 20%, and 20.19% of 1,3-PD titer, productivity, and yield, respectively were obtained from K.pneumoniae HD-1. Obviously it can be inferred that the ability in the production of 1,3-PD of the K.pneumoniae HD-1was better than that of the K.pneumoniae, therefore it could be a promising strain for 1,3-PD production in the further study of industrialized production. Keywords-K.pneumoniae; lactate dehydrogenase; 1,3-
Moving towards boar taint-free meat: an overview of alternatives to surgical castration from a chain perspective

The objective of this study is to review important issues in boar taint prevention without surgical castration, namely alternatives to surgical castration, factors influencing boar taint development and economic considerations associated with the presently feasible alternatives to surgical castration. The paper looks at these issues from the pig production chain perspective and suggests a framework for the analysis of boar taint prevention without surgical castration within the whole-chain context
Deploying 2F Authentication Algorithm for Electronic Vovers’ Registration in Nigeria

Voter registration is the requirement in some democracies for citizens and residents to check in with some central registry specifically for the purpose of being allowed to vote in elections. An effort to get people to register is known as a voter registration drive. The fundamental purpose of a voterregistration system is to restrict access to the voting booth — to ensure that only those people entitled to vote in a given jurisdiction can do so and that they each vote only once. Voter registration is open to citizens 18 years or older, and has an address. The purpose of it is to ensure the voting process is legal and that people who do not fit the guidelines or related laws allowing them to vote or not vote. The principle of equal suffrage means each voter is entitled to cast one vote on Election Day. This is a basic principle of democratic elections. Voter registers and voter lists help to ensure that every voter will cast only one ballot or each voter casts an equal number of ballots to avoid fraudulent practices such as multiple voting. The system developed can now produce automatic individual data authentication for facilitation of Voter’s Registration Card data capturing processes. The methodology used in the implementation was Structural System Analysis and Design (SSADM). The detailed changeover procedure used was parallel changeover. The new system is able to do immediate data validation. Human fingerprints are rich in details called minutiae, which can be used as identification marks for fingerprint verification. The objective of this paper is to develop a complete system for fingerprint verification in the Voter’s Registration Card, through extracting and matching minutiae. To achieve good minutiae extraction in fingerprints with varying quality, preprocessing in form of image enhancement and binarization is first applied on fingerprints before they are evaluated. The result of this work is to show the authentication of Voter’s Registration Card by showing the fingerprint of each individual on his or her Voter’s Card print out. This will really help in knowing the actual owner of a particular Voter’s Card care through the use of fingerprint sensor machine. Key Words : 2F authentication, SSADM, Fingerprint, validation, voter registration
A proteomic study of pseudomonas putida by two-dimensional gel electrophoresis: Establishing quantitative standards for intra-laboratory results

Two-dimensional gel electrophoresis (2DE) is the most commonly employed technique in the field of proteomics. The technique is designed to separate thousands proteins in highly complex biological samples. It is largely because of the diversity of the sample that 2DE has encountered problems with reproducibility. This study was designed to address and alleviate many of these problems and also to establish quantitative standards for intra-laboratory results. A universal standard gel of Pseudomonas putida KT2440 was created and tested. The universal standard gel will serve as an intra-laboratory reference to which future experiments will be compared. An acceptable coefficient of variation between future control gels and the universal standard gel was determined to be less than 35%. Another aim of this study is to explore the effects of growth time on protein expression and determine a window of time in which growth can be stopped and protein expression is preserved. Currently there have been no studies relating to this topic. Protein samples were harvested every 30 minutes throughout the log-phase of growth and their protein expression was determined. It was found that within a 30 minute window of time surrounding mid-log phase the protein expression does not change, within statistical limits. This study will serve as the quantitative cornerstone for all future intra-laboratory experiments.
Pituitary Metastasis and the Role of CSF Pulsations in Secondary Displacement after Surgery

The differential diagnosis between pituitary metastasis and adenoma remains challenging in patients with an oncological history, as imaging features on MRI and 18F-FDG PET-CT are not highly specific. We report here a case of pituitary metastasis in a patient with a history of breast carcinoma and we describe the clinical and radiological details before and after surgery, in order to plan the best patient’s tailored strategy. The postoperative follow-up permitted to detect the secondary displacement of the remaining tumor, which was primarily attributed to cranio-caudal CSF pulsations. This phenomenon allowed scheduling the correct timing for the adjuvant treatment.
Modeling and Design of a New Type of Self-Balancing Obstacle Vehicle

In this paper, the design development of a new type of self-balance obstacle car, it can climb over obstacles, across the gully. The car is on left and right wheels independently driven, through advanced microprocessor. The inclination sensor in control system and the mechanical body device to control about two swing arm swinging back and forth, achieve vehicle self-balance and obstacle function. Walking performance analysis shows that the vehicle has good maneuverability and trafficability and the mathematical model of the vehicle has been carried out, which verifies the rationality of the design.
Bayes net toolbox for Matlab

The Bayes Net Toolbox (BNT) is an open-source Matlab package for directed graphical models. BNT supports many kinds of nodes (probability distributions), exact and approximate inference, parameter and structure learning, and static and dynamic models. BNT is widely used in teaching and research: the web page has received over 28,000 hits since May 2000. In this paper, we discuss a broad spectrum of issues related to graphical models (directed and undirected), and describe, at a high-level, how BNT was designed to cope with them all. We also compare BNT to other software packages for graphical models, and discuss the nascent OpenBayes e ort.
GLAWI, a free XML-encoded Machine-Readable Dictionary built from the French Wiktionary

This article introduces GLAWI, a large XML-encoded machine-readable dictionary auto- matically extracted from Wiktionnaire, the French edition of Wiktionary. GLAWI contains 1,341,410 articles and is released under a free license. Besides the size of its headword list, GLAWI inherits from Wiktionnaire its original macrostructure and the richness of its lexi- cographic descriptions: articles contain etymologies, definitions, usage examples, inflectional paradigms, lexical relations and phonemic transcriptions. The paper first gives some insights on the nature and content of Wiktionnaire, with a particular focus on its encoding format, before presenting our approach, the standardization of its microstructure and the conversion into XML. First intended to meet NLP needs, GLAWI has been used to create a number of customized lexicons dedicated to specific uses including linguistic description and psycholin- guistics. The main one is GLAFF, a large inflectional and phonological lexicon of French. We show that many more specific on demand lexicons can be easily derived from the large body of lexical knowledge encoded in GLAWI.
An Integrated Resource for Barley Linkage Map and Malting Quality QTL Alignment

Barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) is an economically important model plant for genetics research. Barley is currently served by an increasingly comprehensive set of tools for genetic analysis that have recently been augmented by high‐density genetic linkage maps built with gene‐based single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs). These SNP‐based maps need to be aligned with earlier generation maps, which were used for quantitative trait locus (QTL) detection, by integrating multiple types of markers into a single map. A 2383 locus linkage map was developed using the Oregon Wolfe Barley (OWB) Mapping Population to allow such alignments. The map is based on 1472 SNP, 722 DArT, and 189 prior markers which include morphological, simple sequence repeat (SSR), Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism (RFLP), and sequence tagged site (STS) loci. This new OWB map forms, therefore, a useful bridge between high‐density SNP‐only maps and prior QTL reports. The application of this bridge concept is shown using malting‐quality QTLs from multiple mapping populations, as reported in the literature. This is the first step toward developing a Barley QTL Community Curation workbook for all types of QTLs and maps, on the GrainGenes website. The OWB‐related resources are available at OWB Data and GrainGenes Tools (OWB‐DGGT) (http://wheat.pw.usda.gov/ggpages/maps/OWB/).
Electrochemical–thermal modeling of automotive Li‐ion batteries and experimental validation using a three‐electrode cell

An electrochemical–thermal‐coupled model is used to predict performance of a Li‐ion cell as well as its individual electrodes at various operating temperatures. The model is validated against the experimental data for constant current and pulsing conditions characteristic of hybrid electric vehicle (HEV) applications. The prediction of individual electrode potential is also compared with 3‐electrode cell experimental data with good agreement. The predictive ability of the individual electrode behavior is very useful to address important issues related to electrode degradation and subzero performance of automotive Li‐ion batteries. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.