Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Application of Fluorescence Techniques to Characterise the Preparation of Protein-Containing Sol-Gel Derived Hosts for use as Catalytic Media

In this work we collate and review the usage that we have made of fluorescence techniques employed to follow the sol to gel transition and aging in different tetraethylorthosilicate based materials. The sol-gel method allows porous glasslike of good optical quality to be produced at relatively low (ambient) temperatures, which facilitates the incorporation of a range of molecules; from laser dyes to biomolecules. Here the use of “common” viscosity (DASPMI) and polarity (Nile red) sensitive fluorescence probes to monitor the host manufacture is made. Nile red was also used to label two catalytically active proteins (cytochrome c and subtilisin Carlsberg). These were incorporated into the different host media and the dye used to ascertain changes in protein conformation, both upon incorporation and at the end of an aging period. Complementary measurements of catalytic activity were performed. The probe emission was monitored via steady state and time-resolved fluorescence techniques and comparison made with the catalytic activity measurements to elucidate the amount of accessible and active protein. Overall it was found that the hosts became stable after an aging period approaching 20 days and that the major influence on the catalytic reaction rates was that of host mediated mass transport.
Epitaxial Growth of Indium Arsenide Nanowires on Silicon Using Nucleation Templates Formed by Self‐Assembled Organic Coatings

Indium arsenide nanowires are grown directly on silicon substrates (see figure and cover) using a method employing self-assembled organic coatings to create oxide-based growth templates. High-performance materials, such as InAs, could have great impact on future nanoelectronics if integrated with Si, but integration has so far been hard to realize with other methods.
Force générée par la polymérisation de filaments d'actine

Plusieurs mecanismes biologiques utilisent la polymerisation des filaments d'actine comme moteur mecanique. L'energie chimique liberee a l'addition d'un monomere dans le filament est convertie en travail mecanique et une force est generee. Les filaments ainsi formes s'organisent grâce a des proteines liant l'actine et forment des structures qui different par leurs proprietes mecaniques et elastiques mais aussi de leurs fonctions dans les differents processus biologiques. Notre systeme experimental permet d'etudier le lien entre les proprietes mecaniques et les mecanismes a l'origine de la production de la force. La polymerisation des filaments est directement initiee sur la surface de particules magnetiques. En presence d'un champ magnetique, ces dernieres s'organisent en chaine par des interactions dipole-dipole, et une force magnetique compressive est induite sur les filaments qui polymerisent. La polymerisation ecartent les particules au cours du temps et en fonction de la force appliquee, la vitesse d'ecartement des particules est ralentie. En suivant l'evolution de la distance entre particules, nous detaillons la relation force-vitesse et les proprietes mecaniques des filaments.
Conformational Flexibility Controls Proton Transfer between the Methionine Hydroxy Sulfuranyl Radical and the N-Terminal Amino Group in Thr−(X)n−Met Peptides

For Thr−(X)n−Met peptides, we have correlated the efficiency of proton transfer and an intramolecular radical reaction between a methionyl hydroxy sulfuranyl radical and the N-terminus with the flexibility of the spacer sequence −(X)n−, X = Gly and Pro and n = 0−4. Hydroxy sulfuranyl radicals accept a proton from the N-terminus to yield a cyclic (S∴Ν)+ three-electron-bonded intermediate which ultimately expels acetaldehyde. Acetaldehyde formation was used to quantify the efficiency of proton transfer and cyclization, whereas peptide flexibility was calculated by molecular modeling methods. For X = Gly, proton transfer and cyclization proceeds in a concerted manner, and peptide flexibility mainly controls the proton transfer step. For X = Pro, no low-energy conformation was located, which allows concerted proton transfer and cyclization, indicating that proton transfer occurs over longer distances, likely via bridging water molecules. These sequence-dependent differences are reflected in different β-values.
Preparation of Silver–Gold Alloy Nanoparticles at Higher Concentration Using Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate

Highly stable gold–silver alloy nanoparticles with varying mole fractions were prepared in aqueous sodium dodecyl sulfate solution by simultaneous reduction of chloroauric acid (HAuCl4) and silver nitrate (AgNO3) using sodium citrate. The formation of alloy nanoparticles was confirmed by UV-visible spectroscopy and transmission electron microscopy. Particle size distribution was measured by dynamic light scattering. The surface plasmon absorption band of the Au–Ag alloy nanoparticles shows linear bathochromic shift with increasing Au content. Appearance of a single absorption peak in the visible region and lack of apparent core-shell structures in the transmission electron microscope images confirm the formation of homogeneous gold–silver alloy nanoparticles.
EFECTO DE OLIGOGLUCANOS FÚNGICOS EN EL SISTEMA ANTIOXIDANTE ENZIMÁTICO DE Cucurbita pepo L. BAJO ESTRÉS POR TEMPERATURA

Plants under the effect of biotic and/or abiotic factors may increase reactive oxygen species (ROS), their accumulation produce the oxidative stress. Plants employs an efficient ROS scavenging system based on enzymatic antioxidants (superoxide dismutase, SOD; catalase, CAT; ascorbate peroxidase, APX) and non-enzymatic antioxidants (carotenoids, tocopherols, glutathione, phenolic compounds) for resist to ROS adverse effects against important macromolecules necessaries for cells structural and functionality: lipids, proteins
Characterization of phosphorus-doped multiwalled carbon nanotubes

Phosphorus-doped multiwalled carbon nanotubes (P-MWNTs) have been successfully synthesized by spray pyrolysis methods using a solution of ferrocene and triphenylphosphine in toluene. Electron microscopy images reveal corrugated tubes with a special morphology, similar to a carbon necklace. P-MWNTs are shorter compared to undoped tubes grown in the same conditions using ferrocene and toluene as precursors. Raman spectroscopy characterization suggests the formation of more defective tubes as the phosphorus in the precursor solution was increased. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) revealing the chemical environment of the phosphorus atoms clearly indicates the presence of substitutional phosphorus in the nanotubes.
A Satellite Borne Cadmium Sulfide Total Corpuscular Energy Detector

The properties of single crystals of cadmium sulfide as radiation detectors are described. It has been found possible to select crystals such that: (a) The ratio of increase of conductivity under irradiation to the rate of absorption of energy in the crystal is substantially independent of particle energy (over the examined ranges of 500 ev to 80 kev for electrons and 5 kev to 180 kev for protons) and of the magnitude of energy flux (over the range from.005 to 10 ergs/cm(sup 2 -sec); and (b) The above ration is substantially the same for protons, electrons, alpha particles, x-rays, and gamma-rays. For a driving voltage of 100 volts, typical crystal yield currents of 10(sup -7) to 10(sup- 6) amperes for each erg/cm(sup 2-sec) of energy absorbed by the crystal. The threshold of such crystal detectors (resulting from dark currents of the order of 10(sup 10 amp) is typically 10(sup -3) ergs/cm(sup 2- sec). For the selected crystals a response-temperature coefficient of -0.25% per degree centigrade is found for the temperature range -50 deg C to + 50 deg C. A description is given of a complete CdS total corpuscular energy detector for the study of geomagnetically trapped radiation by means of a satellite. The detector described has a dynamic range great than 10(sup 4), a solid angle of 10(exp -3) steradian, and a detection threshold of approximately 1 erg/cm(sup 2-sec-sterad). A similar detector employing a small magnet for the selective exclusion of electrons is also described. Noteworthy practical features of these detectors for satellite and space probe experiments are: (a) Use of bare crystals, without covering foils, in order to detect charged particles having energies as low as hundreds of electron volts. (b) Simplicity of electronic auxiliaries. (c) Compactness, lightweight and nechanical ruggedness. (d) Low electrical power requirements; and (e) Conversion of conduction current to the rate of a twostate relaxation oscillator in order to facilitate telemetric transmission of data. A pair of such detectors was flown as part of the s-46 satellite payload on March 23, 1960, but due to vehicular failure an orbit was not achieved and the operation of the CdS detectors was observed for only, six minutes of flight.
Engineering of crystal surfaces and subsurfaces by framework biomineralization protein phases

We report an interesting phenomenon whereby a framework mollusk shell nacre protein, n16.3, facilitates a two-stage crystal growth process. This protein forms phases that permit initial calcite growth, then via direct contact introduce textured mineral overgrowth to these core crystals in a directional fashion, and, create subsurface nanoporosities within these crystals. This phenomenon is an example of crystal modification and assembly directed by a biomineralization protein phase and we believe this framework protein-driven process is important for the assembly of the nacre shell layer. Similar phase-based approaches could be used to engineer a variety of inorganic crystals for technological applications.
Treatment of Peptic Ulcer

Bismuth compounds have been used for over 2 centuries mainly for the treatment of gastrointestinal disorders. Long duration of the therapy periods with high dosages (up to 20 g per day) had occasionally led to serious side effects in the past, including encephalopathies and nephropathies [1,2]. Attention has once again been drawn to the use of bismuth preparations when these compounds were shown to be effective in the suppression of Helicobacter pylori infections [3]. These bacteria were found to be present on gastric mucosa of patients with gastric and/or duodenal ulcers and are discussed as an important factor in the etiology of peptic ulcer disease [4]. Despite the examples of bismuth intoxications described in the past and the widespread use of pharmaceutical bismuth preparations nowadays, there are only a few studies in the literature concerning the absorption and pharmacokinetic data of bismuth from oral dosages in human. Postabsorptive serum bismuth concentrations were measured in patients receiving oral colloidal bismuth subcitrate [5]. Bierer [6] found that, from orally administered bismuth subsalicylate, more than 99% of the ingested bismuth was excreted with the feces and only about 0.003 % was excreted in urine during the first 8 days following. administration. Patients receiving colloidal bismuth subcitrate had higher plasma bismuth levels than those receiving basic bismuth salicylate [7]. Further studies, especially with different bismuth preparations in comparison. are not known from the literature. The aim of the present work was to study the bioavailability of bismuth from various single dose 205 Bi-Iabelled pharmaceutical bismuth preparations used in peptic ulcer therapy in humans.
Magnetization and magnetic susceptibility of the diluted magnetic semiconductors Zn1−xCoxS and Zn1−xCoxSe

Magnetization measurements have been done at 1.5 K and magnetic fields up to 7 T by using extraction method on the samples with x=0.0055, 0.048, 0.063 for Zn1−xCoxS and x=0.0097, 0.030, 0.037, 0.042 for Zn1−xCoxSe. In both Co‐based systems, the magnetization increases with x. A modified Brillouin function fits the data and the fitting parameters T0( ≳ 0) and Seff are obtained. These results reflect that there exists a strong antiferromagnetic interaction among Co++ ions and the antiferromagnetic interaction in Zn1−xCoxSe is stronger than that in Zn1−xCoxS. Magnetic susceptibility was measured in the temperature range 1.5 K≤T≤300 K by using a vibrating‐sample magnetometer. The susceptibility displays a high‐temperature Curie–Weiss behavior. From quantitative analysis we obtain the nearest‐neighbor Co++–Co++ exchange integral constant J1/kB for sulfides and selenides to be −51±6 K and −57±8 K, respectively. This value is at least three times as large as that in their Mn‐based counterparts, and we confirm th.
Reduction of the transition temperatures in mesomorphic lanthanide complexes by the exchange of counter-ions

Metathesis of the chloride anion in the mesomorphic lanthanide complexes [LnL(LH)2 ][Cl]2 (LH=salicylaldimine; Ln=lanthanide element) by dodecyl sulfate (DOS) leads to the complexes [LnL(LH)2 ][DOS]2 , which have wider mesomorphic ranges and lower clearing points.
Darstellung, Kristallstrukturen, Schwingungsspektren und Normalkoordinatenanalysen der Tetrahalogeno-bis-Pyridin-Osmium(III)-Komplexecis-(n-Bu4N)[OsCl4Py2] undtrans-(n-Bu4N)[OsX4Py2], X = Cl, Br

Bei der Umsetzung von (n-Bu4N)2[OsX6], X = Cl, Br, mit Pyridin und (n-Bu4N)[BH4] entstehen Tetrahalogeno-bis-Pyridin-Osmium(III)-Komplexe, die saulenchromatographisch gereinigt werden. Rontgenstrukturanalysen sind an Einkristallen von cis-(n-Bu4N)[OsCl4Py2] (1) (triklin, Raumgruppe P1, a = 9,4047(9), b = 10,8424(18), c = 17,007(2) A, α = 71,833(2), β = 81,249(10), γ = 67,209(12)°, Z = 2), trans-(n-Bu4N)[OsCl4Py2] (2) (orthorhombisch, Raumgruppe P212121, a = 8,7709(12), b = 20,551(4), c = 17,174(4) A, Z = 4) und trans-(n-Bu4N)[OsBr4Py2] (3) (triklin, Raumgruppe P1, a = 9,132(3), b = 12,053(3), c = 15,398(2) A, α = 95,551(18), β = 94,12(2), γ = 106,529(19)°, Z = 2) durchgefuhrt worden. Unter Verwendung der rontgenographisch ermittelten Molekulparameter und Annahme von C2-Punktsymmetrie fur das Anion von 1 und D2h-Punktsymmetrie fur die Anionen von 2 und 3 werden die IR- und Raman-Spektren durch Normalkoordinatenanalyse zugeordnet. Die Valenzkraftkonstanten von 1 betragen fur die Cl–Os–Cl-Achse fd(OsCl) = 1,58, fur die unsymmetrisch koordinierten N′–Os–Cl·-Achsen fd(OsCl·) = 1,45 und fd(OsN′) = 2,48, von 2 fd(OsCl) = 1,62, fd(OsN) = 2,42 und von 3 fd(OsBr)=1,39 und fd(OsN)=2,34 mdyn/A. Synthesis, Crystal Structures, Vibrational Spectra, and Normal Coordinate Analyses of the Tetrahalogeno-bis-Pyridine-Osmium(III) Complexes cis-(n-Bu4N)[OsCl4Py2] and trans-(n-Bu4N)[OsX4Py2], X = Cl, Br By reaction of (n-Bu4N)2[OsX6], X = Cl, Br, with pyridine and (n-Bu4N)[BH4] tetrahalogeno-bis-pyridine-osmium(III) complexes are formed and purified by chromatography. X-ray structure determinations on single crystals have been performed of cis-(n-Bu4N)[OsCl4Py2] (1) (triclinic, space group P1, a = 9.4047(9), b = 10.8424(18), c = 17.007(2) A, α = 71.833(2), β = 81.249(10), γ = 67.209(12)°, Z = 2), trans-(n-Bu4N)[OsCl4Py2] (2) (orthorhombic, space group P212121, a = 8.7709(12), b = 20.551(4), c = 17.174(4) A, Z = 4) and trans-(n-Bu4N)[OsBr4Py2] (3) (triclinic, space group P1, a = 9.132(3), b = 12.053(3), c = 15.398(2) A, α = 95.551(18), β = 94.12(2), γ = 106.529(19)°, Z = 2). Based on the molecular parameters of the X-ray structure determinations and assuming C2 point symmetry for the anion of 1 and D2h point symmetry for the anions of 2 and 3 the IR and Raman spectra are assigned by normal coordinate analysis. The valence force constants of 1 are in the Cl–Os–Cl axis fd(OsCl) = 1.58, in the asymmetrically coordinated N′–Os–Cl· axes fd(OsCl·) = 1.45, fd(OsN′) = 2.48, of 2 fd(OsCl) = 1.62, fd(OsN) = 2.42 and of 3 fd(OsBr) = 1.39 and fd(OsN) = 2.34 mdyn/A.
Effect of methyl substitution of the ethylene unit on the physical properties of poly(butylene succinate)

A series of poly(butylene succinate-co-butylene 2-methyl succinate)s were prepared through variations in the molar fraction of succinic acid to 2-methyl succinic acid, and the effects of methyl substitution on the shear-induced crystallization, nonisothermal crystallization behavior, dynamic rheological properties, crystal morphology, and mechanical properties were investigated. Introducing 2-methyl succinic units reduced the melting temperature and crystallization temperature; this indicated that the substituted units retarded crystallization of the polymer. The Avrami exponents, estimated by modified Avrami plots, ranged from 2.1 to 3.5 and were a little diminished by the substitution. The substitution also reduced the rate of crystallization under shear. However, the effect was diminished with an increasing shear rate because most polymer chains were more regularly arranged at higher shear rates. Dynamic experiments in the solid state revealed that the peak on a plot of the loss tangent against the temperature became sharper at higher contents of the substituted unit, and the peak temperature, the glass-transition temperature, was reduced as the content of 2-methyl succinic acid increased. Wide-angle X-ray diffraction patterns showed that there was little effect of the 2-methyl succinic acid unit on the crystal morphology. The toughness of the polymer was abruptly increased up to 350% at the expense of the tensile modulus. © 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part B: Polym Phys 42: 1759–1766, 2004
Historical and future perspectives of global soil carbon response to climate and land-use changes

In this paper, we attempt to analyse the respective influences of land-use and climate changes on the global and regional balances of soil organic carbon (SOC) stocks. Two time periods are analysed: the historical period 1901–2000 and the period 2000–2100. The historical period is analysed using a synthesis of published data as well as new global and regional model simulations, and the future is analysed using models only. Historical land cover changes have resulted globally in SOC release into the atmosphere. This human induced SOC decrease was nearly balanced by the net SOC increase due to higher CO2 and rainfall. Mechanization of agriculture after the 1950s has accelerated SOC losses in croplands, whereas development of carbon-sequestering practices over the past decades may have limited SOC loss from arable soils. In some regions (Europe, China and USA), croplands are currently estimated to be either a small C sink or a small source, but not a large source of CO2 to the atmosphere. In the future, according to terrestrial biosphere and climate models projections, both climate and land cover changes might cause a net SOC loss, particularly in tropical regions. The timing, magnitude, and regional distribution of future SOC changes are all highly uncertain. Reducing this uncertainty requires improving future anthropogenic CO2 emissions and land-use scenarios and better understanding of biogeochemical processes that control SOC turnover, for both managed and un-managed ecosystems.
Effect of Ammonium: Nitrate Ratio on Yield, Calcium Concentration, and Photosynthesis Rate in Strawberry

ABSTRACT The effect of ammonium:nitrate (NH4:NO3) ratio in nutrient solution on growth, photosynthesis (Pn), yield, and fruit quality attributes in hydroponically grown strawberry (Fragaria × ananassa Duch) cvs. ‘Camarosa’ and ‘Selva’ was evaluated. There were four nutrient solutions of differing NH4:NO3 ratios as follows: 0:100, 25:75, 50:50, and 75:25. Plants grown in solution with 75% NH4 had lower leaf fresh and dry weights and leaf area than those with 25% NH4 in both cultivars. High ratios of NH4 and NO3 in the solution always reduced the yield. The yield was increased by 38% and 84% in ‘Camarosa’ and ‘Selva,’ respectively, when the plants were grown in the 25NH4:75NO3 solution compared with plants grown in a higher NH4 ratio solution. The increased yield at the 25 NH4:75NO3 ratio was the result of the increase in fruit size, i.e., length and fresh weight of fruits. Plants grown in the 25NH4:75NO3 solution had the highest rate of Pn, while those grown in 75NH4:25NO3 solution had the lowest Pn rates in both cultivars. Increasing the NH4 ratio in the solution from 0 to 75% significantly reduced the calcium (Ca) concentration and postharvest life of the fruits in both cultivars. Both higher leaf area and Pn rate appeared to be the reason for the increased yield and plant growth in the 25:75 ratios of nitrogen (N). The results indicate the preference of strawberry plant growth toward a greater nitrate N form in a hydroponic solution. Therefore, a combination of two forms of N in an appropriate ratio (25NH4:75NO3) appears to be beneficial to plant growth, yield, and quality of strawberry fruits.
Effluent Organic Matter (EfOM) in Wastewater: Constituents, Effects, and Treatment

Wastewater reuse is being increasingly emphasized as a strategy for conservation of limited resources of freshwater and as a mean of safeguarding the aquatic environment due to contaminants present in wastewater. Although secondary and tertiary treated wastewater is often discharged into surface waters, it cannot be reused without further treatment. One of the parameters of concern for human and environmental health is components of organic matter originating from wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) effluents. This effluent organic matter (EfOM) should be carefully characterized in order to find an optimum treatment method for water reuse. This review presents the components of EfOM present in WWTP effluents and various treatment methods that may be employed for reduction of EfOM. These processes include flocculation, adsorption, biofiltration, ion exchange, advanced oxidation process, and membrane technology. The removal efficiency is discussed in terms of removal of total organic carbon, endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs), pharmaceuticals and personal care products (PPCPs), different polarity fractions (such as hydrophobic and hydrophilic), and molecular weight distribution of organic matter.
1-(3-Methyl-3-phenyl­cyclo­butyl)-2-(piperidin-1-yl)ethanone oxime

The asymmetric unit of the title compound, C18H26N2O, contains two mol­ecules. In both mol­ecules, the oxime group has an E configuration and the piperidine ring adopts a chair conformation. Intra­molecular C—H⋯O and inter­molecular O—H⋯N hydrogen bonds are observed in the crystal structure.
Preparation of Hydroxypropyl‐β‐cyclodextrin Cross‐linked Multi‐walled Carbon Nanotubes and Their Application in Enantioseparation of Clenbuterol

A method of cross-linking multi-walled carbon nanotubes by a nucleophilic substitution of brominated multi-walled carbon nanotubes using hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin anions was studied. The modified multi-walled carbon nanotube samples were characterized using thermogravimetric analysis, energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, Raman spectroscopy and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. The hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin modified multi-walled carbon nanotubes were used as a chiral stationary phase additive for thin-layer chromatography to separate clenbuterol enantiomers, and the chiral separation factor was increased.