Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Clinical outcomes in pancreatic adenocarcinoma associated with BRCA-2 mutation

Patients with BRCA-1 and BRCA-2 germ line mutations are at an increased risk of developing pancreatic adenocarcinoma (PAC). In particular, the BRCA-2 mutation has been associated with a relative risk of developing PAC of 3.51. The BRCA-2 protein is involved in repair of double-stranded DNA breaks. Recent reports have suggested that in the setting of impaired DNA repair, chemotherapeutic agents that induce DNA damage, such as platinum-based antineoplastic drugs (platins) and poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase inhibitors (PARP inhibitors), have improved efficacy. However, because of the relative rarity of BRCA-related PAC, studies evaluating such agents in this setting are scarce. Patients with a known BRCA-2 mutation and PAC were retrospectively reviewed. Ten patients with PAC and BRCA-2 mutation were identified. Four patients (40%) were of Ashkenazi Jewish descent. Seven patients (70%) received platinum agents, two (20%) received mitomycin-C, one (10%) received a PARP inhibitor, and seven (70%) received a topoisomerase-I inhibitor. Overall, chemotherapy was well tolerated with expected side effects. Patients with a BRCA-2 mutation and PAC represent a group with a unique biology underlying their cancer. Chemotherapies such as platinum derivatives, mitomycin-C, topoisomerase-I inhibitors, and PARP inhibitors targeting DNA require further investigation in this population. Genetic testing may guide therapy in the future.
Electrophysiological Mechanisms Involved in Ventricular Fibrillation

This report reviews the electrophysiological mechanisms involved in the initiation, maintenance, and termination of ventricular fibrillation. Ventricular fibrillation may be defined as chaotic, random, asynchronous electrical activity of the ventricles due to repetitive re-entrant excitation and/or rapid focal discharge. The capacity to fibrillate is inherent in ventricular muscle because the electrophysiological properties of the various segments of the ventricle are not uniform. Factors that enhance electrical asynchrony facilitate, while factors that decrease electrical asynchrony hinder, the development of fibrillation. Ventricular fibrillation may result following stimulation during the vulnerable period; under certain circumstances, rapid ventricular rates produced by ventricular or supraventricular arrhythmias may provoke ventricular fibrillation. Once fibrillation is initiated, a large mass, brief refractory period, and slow conduction velocity favor perpetuation. Reducing the excitable ventricular mass to a value less than the amount necessary to support spontaneous fibrillation causes fibrillation to terminate. Depolarization of every cell in both ventricles is not necessary to terminate ventricular fibrillation in the entire heart.
Nav1.5 mutations linked to dilated cardiomyopathy phenotypes

Nav1.5 dysfunctions are commonly linked to rhythms disturbances that include type 3 long QT syndrome (LQT3), Brugada syndrome (BrS), sick sinus syndrome (SSS) and conduction defects. Recently, this channel protein has been also linked to structural heart diseases such as dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM).
Phase‐Scrambled RF Excitation for 3D Volume‐Selective Multislice NMR Imaging

An RF excitation technique with which one can improve the effective dynamic range of the receiver and reduce the interference between slices for 3D volume‐selective multislice MRI is described. The basic idea of the technique is to use phase scrambling in conjunction with slice encoding through the use of RF pulses. The spins in each slice are encoded by RF pulses which have the scrambled as well as slice‐encoded phase components along the slice‐selection direction. The scrambled, or randomly distributed, phase reduces the peak signal intensity, thereby reducing the dynamic range of the signal. Since the proposed technique utilizes RF slice encoding together with phase scrambling, interslice image interference is greatly reduced and the dynamic range is improved. In addition, the method has several advantages such as a reduction in the power requirement for the RF pulses and the elimination of the necessity for hardware such as nonlinear gradient coils. © 1992 Academic Press,Inc.
Reasearch on feature mapping based on labels information in multi-label text classification

Feature representation plays an important role in text classification. Feature mapping based on labels information is an algorithm suitable for Binary Relevance. Compared with the conventional text representation, it makes the dimension of the text under control by means of word embedding. More importantly, it takes full advantage of the general characteristics of the label on text representation. In addition, it does not require feature extraction and dimension reduction, which ensure the integrity of text information. First, it applies K-means clustering to positive and negative samples of each label so as to extract the general characteristics. And then, each word embedding in a text is assigned a different weight according to the distance with all clustering centers. In this way, each classifier maps a same text to a different matrix relevant to the corresponding label clustering center. The experiment shows that proposed algorithm provides better performance than conventional feature representation on all evaluation standards.
The study of the nature of sources AXJ1749.1-2733 and AX J1749.2-2725

Two faint X-ray pulsars, AX J1749.1 −2733 and AX J1749.2 −2725, located in the direction to the Galactic Center, were studied using data of INTEGRAL, XMMNewtonand CHANDRA observatories, in X-rays and SOFI/NTT in the infrared band. Combi ning data from X-ray observatories positions of both sources were determined with the uncertai nty better than∼ 1 that allowed us to identify unambiguously their optical counterparts. The following analysis of the photometry data leads us to the conclusion that the AX J1749.2 −2725 optical counterpart is a massive star of the B3 class and the system is located behind of the Galactic C enter at a distance of ∼ 14.4 kpc from us. The lack of statistics of the measurements in the K-band and a data shortage in other wavebands prevents firm conclusions about the spectral clas s of the AX J1749.1 −2733 counterpart. However, taking into account the similarity of proper ties of both pulsars we suppose that AX J1749.1−2733 should have an optical companion of the similar class an d that both sources are located behind of the Galactic Center, probably in the Pe rseus arm.
Global reactive congestion control in multicomputer networks

In this paper we develop a general approach to global reactive congestion control in multicomputer networks. The approach uses a timeout mechanism to detect congestion, and exploits control lines such as those used for handshaking in the flit-level flow control of wormhole routers to distribute information about congestion. It is also based on a mechanism that limits the demands placed by the network interface and the processing element. The approach is described in detail and evaluated through simulation experiments. We show that the proposed congestion control can provide network stability and predictable network performance. By choosing the right timeout, we can provide bounds on average delay and worst-case delay. Furthermore, with appropriate timeouts the network can be kept out of saturation. Other attributes of the approach include fairness and applicability to a wide range of network architectures.
One Question, Multiple Answers: Biochemical and Biophysical Screening Methods Retrieve Deviating Fragment Hit Lists

Fragment‐based lead discovery is gaining momentum in drug development. Typically, a hierarchical cascade of several screening techniques is consulted to identify fragment hits which are then analyzed by crystallography. Because crystal structures with bound fragments are essential for the subsequent hit‐to‐lead‐to‐drug optimization, the screening process should distinguish reliably between binders and non‐binders. We therefore investigated whether different screening methods would reveal similar collections of putative binders. First we used a biochemical assay to identify fragments that bind to endothiapepsin, a surrogate for disease‐relevant aspartic proteases. In a comprehensive screening approach, we then evaluated our 361‐entry library by using a reporter‐displacement assay, saturation‐transfer difference NMR, native mass spectrometry, thermophoresis, and a thermal shift assay. While the combined results of these screening methods retrieve 10 of the 11 crystal structures originally predicted by the biochemical assay, the mutual overlap of individual hit lists is surprisingly low, highlighting that each technique operates on different biophysical principles and conditions.
Integrating Multiple Types of Data for Signaling Research: Challenges and Opportunities

Easy integration of biological data has enormous potential to drive advances in biology and medicine. New technologies promise to provide unprecedented amounts of information that can build a foundation for creating predictive models of cell signaling pathways. To be useful, however, this information must be integrated into a coherent framework. In addition, the sheer volume of data gathered from the new technologies requires computational approaches for its analysis. Unfortunately, there are many barriers to data integration and analysis, mostly because of a lack of adequate data standards and their inconsistent use by scientists. However, solving the fundamental issues of data sharing will enable the investigation of entirely new areas of cell signaling research.
Similar patient search using the results of heartbeat classification

Long-term ECG data for a patient can be acquired by integrating a Holter monitor with a mobile device. We use similar patient search to create an abstraction of a patient's typical heartbeat pattern, in the form of a regular expression, by learning heartbeat patterns. We have simulated these processes on data from the MIT-BIH arrhythmia database, and shown how we can search the database for patients with similar heartbeat patterns.
Declines in number of tender and swollen joints in patients with rheumatoid arthritis seen in standard care in 1985 versus 2001: possible considerations for revision of inclusion criteria for clinical trials

Objective: To analyse tender and swollen joint counts in three cohorts of patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA), with a focus on the proportions of patients who had fewer than 6–12 tender or swollen joints, as possible evidence based information toward more generalisable inclusion criteria for current and future RA clinical trials. Methods: Tender and swollen joint counts were analysed in three cohorts of patients with RA: 125 in 1985, 138 in 2000, and 232 with early RA in 2001. Results: The median numbers of tender joints were 11, 2, and 4 in 1985, 2000, and in early RA in 2001, respectively. The median numbers of swollen joints were 12, 6, and 5 in 1985, 2000, and 2001, respectively. The numbers of tender joints among 28 assessed were ⩾12, ⩾6, ⩾4, and ⩾3 in 47%, 80%, 85%, and 90% of patients in 1985; 20%, 37%, 44%, and 49% in 2000; and 17%, 37%, 50%, and 58% in early RA in 2001. The numbers of swollen joints among 28 assessed were ⩾12, ⩾6, ⩾4, and ⩾3 in 51%, 78%, 86%, and 90% of patients in 1985; 20%, 50%, 64%, and 67% in 2000; and 14%, 46%, 58%, and 72% in 2001. The number of patients with ⩾6 tender or swollen joints in 1985 was greater than the number with ⩾3 joints in 2000 and in early RA in 2001. Conclusion: Contemporary cohorts of patients seen in standard care have smaller numbers of tender and swollen joints than in previous times. These findings suggest that revision of inclusion criteria for numbers of tender and swollen joints in contemporary RA clinical trials might improve generalisability.
Screening for psychological distress in cancer: renewing the research agenda

Although health policy for cancer care promotes screening of patients for emotional distress, the utility and validity of screening have been questioned. Continued research to refine detection of distress or to evaluate outcomes of screening programmes is unlikely to end this controversy. Instead, we need to identify more fundamental research questions that address the validity or utility of screening in this context.
The Enterococcus faecalis pyr Operon Is Regulated by Autogenous Transcriptional Attenuation at a Single Site in the 5′ Leader

ABSTRACT The 5′ end of the Enterococcus faecalis pyr operon specifies, in order, the promoter, a 5′ untranslated leader, thepyrR gene encoding the regulatory protein for the operon, a 39-nucleotide (nt) intercistronic region, the pyrP gene encoding a uracil permease, a 13-nt intercistronic region, and thepyrB gene encoding aspartate transcarbamylase. The 5′ leader RNA is capable of forming stem-loop structures involved in attenuation control of the operon. No attenuation regions, such as those found in the Bacillus subtilis pyr operon, are present in the pyrR-pyrP or pyrP-pyrBintercistronic regions. Several lines of evidence demonstrate that theE. faecalis pyr operon is repressed by uracil via transcriptional attenuation at the single 5′ leader termination site and that attenuation is mediated by the PyrR protein.
Does body position modify the results of oesophageal high resolution manometry?

Background Oesophageal motility classification using high resolution manometry (HRM) has been established in the supine position. Nevertheless, examination in the sitting position is more physiological. Our aim was to determine if body position modifies oesophago‐gastric junction (OGJ) morphology and oesophageal motility.
An overview of the use of music therapy in the context of Alzheimer's disease: A report of a French expert group

Objectives: The aim of this overview is to present the developments of music therapy in France, its techniques, mechanisms and principal indications, mainly in the context of Alzheimer's disease. Methods: An international review of the literature on music therapy applied to Alzheimer's disease was conducted using the principal scientific search engines. A work group of experts in music therapy and psychosocial techniques then considered the different points highlighted in the review of literature and discussed them. Results and Discussion: Clinical and neurophysiological studies have enlightened some positive benefits of music in providing support for people with Alzheimer's disease or related disorders. Music therapy acts mainly through emotional and psycho-physiological pathways. It includes a series of techniques that can respond to targeted therapeutic objectives. Some studies have shown that music therapy reduces anxiety, alleviates periods of depression and aggressive behaviour and thus significantly improves mood, communication and autonomy of patients. Conclusion: Psychosocial interventions, such as music therapy, can contribute to maintain or rehabilitate functional cognitive and sensory abilities, as well as emotional and social skills and to reduce the severity of some behavioural disorders.
Determination of the Beam Coherence-Polarization Matrix of a Random Electromagnetic Beam

The beam coherence-polarization (BCP) matrix contains its elements in the form of mutual coherence functions. These are complex quantities governing the space-time correlations between the x and the y components of electric field at pair of points in the cross-section of the random electromagnetic beam. In this paper, we present mathematical expressions to determine the amplitude and the phase of the four elements of the BCP matrix which are a function of two spatial points in the optical field. We also determine experimentally the BCP matrix for an expanded laser beam introducing polarizers and rotators in widely separated beam paths of a modified version of the Young's interferometer. The real and imaginary parts of the BCP matrix elements might show the change in the polarization properties of a random electromagnetic beam during its propagation. These results might be useful for astronomical measurements also.
Internet of things: Sensor to sensor communication

Rapidly growing Internet of Things (IoTs) concept have given rise to the concern regarding inter-communicability of sensor nodes practicing a multitude of standard and proprietary wireless communication protocols. A multi wireless communication protocol transceiver can facilitate sensor node to sensor node communication for a better quality of service and decision making in the IoTs environment. In this project, a multi wireless communication protocol receiver is designed and tested in a smart building monitoring system that collects and analyzes ambient data. The key objective of this project is to bridge the communication gap between sensor nodes especially in terms of wireless communication protocol. In overall, this project has successfully demonstrated a smart receiver concept that allows multi-channel communication between the sensor nodes with Zigbee, Bluetooth and WiFi communication protocols.
Mutational analysis of receptor binding mediated by the Dr family of Escherichia coli adhesins

The fimbrial and afimbrial adhesins of the Dr family mediate the adherence of uropathogenic and diarrhoea‐associated Escherichia coli to decay‐accelerating factor (DAF) present on erythrocytes and other cell types. The Dr haemagglutinin binds type IV collagen and, unlike other members of the Dr family, mediates an adherence inhibited in the presence of chloramphenicol. We examined the ability of other members of the Dr family—AFAI, AFAIII, and F1845—to bind to type IV collagen, and demonstrated that the collagen‐binding phenotype was unique to the Dr haemagglutinin. We employed site‐directed mutagenesis to demonstrate the requirement of a negatively charged amino‐acid at position 54 of the Dr haemagglutinin subunit for chloramphenicol sensitivity of binding. Mutations at position 32, 40, 54, 90, and 113 differently affected type IV collagen binding and chloramphenicol sensitivity of binding, while retaining DAF‐binding capability. These results suggest the existence of a conformational receptor‐binding domain in the major structural subunit of Dr family adhesins and demonstrate that chloramphenicol sensitivity of binding and adherence to type IV collagen were independent and separable phenotypes. Finally, we showed that the two conserved cysteine residues of Dr family structural subunits form a disulphide bond and that mutations of these residues abolish haemagglutination and binding to type IV collagen.
Novel Energy-Dependent Effects Revealed in GeV Heavy-Ion-Induced Transient Measurements of Antimony-Based III-V HEMTs

High-bandwidth (16 GHz) time-resolved charge-collection measurements for heavy-ion irradiation of up to 70 GeV/amu are performed on low-power 6.1 Å lattice spacing InAlSb/InAs HEMT devices. Event cross sections are measured to be significantly larger than the active areas of the devices. Novel energy-dependent effects are observed.
OXYGEN CONSUMPTION, OXYGEN DEBT AND LACTIC ACID IN CIRCULATORY FAILURE.

The following investigation was undertaken in an attempt to ascertain some of the chemical changes in the functioning tissues which might develop from circulatory failure especially those which concern oxygen and lactic acid. The disturbances of cellular metabolism which occur in circulatory failure have occupied a considerable amount of attention in recent years. This subject has been chiefly studied in regard to the changes in the carbon dioxide content and combining power of the blood or to the changes in oxygen content of the arterial or venous blood. These observations have contributed to our knowledge of some of the results and compensations which are consequent upon failing circulation but have not explained many of the phenomena which occur in this condition. Since the principle symptoms in early disturbances of the circulation are produced by muscular effort, it seems reasonable to associate certain of them with related functions in the muscles themselves, more especially because investigations performed heretofore did not explain the cause of these symptoms. The investigations of Hill and Meyerhof and their co-workers into the physiology of muscular work indicated that similar observations in persons with disturbed circulation might help to elucidate this problem. We have therefore repeated phases of their work in cases with disturbed circulation and have compared them with normal individuals under similar circumstances Circulatory failure may be defihed as a state in which the volume of blood circulated per unit of time is not adequate for the physical needs of the moment. These needs may vary over a considerable
Evaluation of the Palatal Bone for Placement of Orthodontic Mini-Implants in Japanese Adults

Abstract Mini-implants are increasingly being used for orthodontic anchorage in the palate. The anatomical structure of the jaw must be properly evaluated prior to use; however, there are a few research reports providing basic data regarding the palate. Bone thickness was measured and bone morphology evaluated in the palates of Japanese people. The palates of five Japanese adult cadavers and 15 skulls were examined. The samples were imaged and measured using the micro-CT system. In the mid-palatine suture region, the cortical bone had a complex mesh-like structure and was thicker than surrounding areas. Cortical bone thickness varied depending on the site. The mid-palatine suture region is an ideal site for mini-implant insertion; however, because bone and cortical bone thickness markedly decrease in the lateral region, careful attention should be paid when inserting mini-implants in the midpalatine suture.