Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Sorption of actinides onto nanodiamonds

Abstract Detonation nanodiamonds (ND) present a significant part of nanocarbons group, which could be produced on commercial scale by detonation of explosives in a closed chamber. Their unique properties of high surface area, low weight and radiation resistance make ND a prospective candidate for applications in sorption processes in radiochemistry. To study the influence of surface chemistry on sorption properties, apristine sample of ND was treated with acids and hydrogen. The surface chemistry of the samples was characterised by infrared spectroscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and Boehm titration. The sorption properties of ND were tested fordifferent radionuclides. The sorption capacity of ND was shown to be higher than those of commonly used radionuclide sorbents like activated carbon and compariable to other members of nanocarbon group like graphene oxide and carbon nanotubes. The sorption properties were shown to be influenced by the presence of oxygen-containing groups on the surface of ND. This represents an opportunity to increase the sorption capacity of ND.
Impactos do vírus Schmallenberg na produção de ruminantes: revisão de literatura

Objetivou-se reunir informacoes relevantes sobre o Schmallenberg, uma doenca viral emergente no continente europeu, que foi identificada pela primeira vez na Alemanha. Abortos, malformacoes fetais e mortes perinatais tambem estao associados ao virus, observando-se principalmente artrogripose e alteracoes no sistema nervoso central. A transmissao pode ocorrer atraves de um vetor Culicoides spp. , do semen ou por via transplacentaria. O diagnostico e realizado atraves de transcricao reversa seguida de reacao em cadeia da polimerase (RT-PCR) com kits comerciais disponiveis, ou atraves de exames sorologicos de imunofluorescencia indireta e prova de virusneutralizacao. Como ainda nao existe um tratamento eficaz, torna-se importante as medidas de prevencao e controle, atuando no combate de vetores ou na vacinacao do rebanho. Devido a importância desta doenca no cenario mundial, e relevante o incentivo em pesquisas neste tema, alem de conscientizacao das pessoas envolvidas na producao de ruminantes no Brasil.
Solar cell efficiency tables (version 57)

Consolidated tables showing an extensive listing of the highest independently confirmed efficiencies for solar cells and modules are presented. Guidelines for inclusion of results into these tables are outlined, and new entries since June 2020 are reviewed. In this issue, charts showing efficiency improvements since 1993 are included as well as cell and module area definitions and an updated list of recognized test centres.
Influence of Thermal Processing on the Bioactive, Antioxidant, and Physicochemical Properties of Conventional and Organic Agriculture Black Garlic (Allium sativum L.)

This study examines the effect of fermentation processes (70 °C temperature; 80% humidity; 45 days) on the content of bioactive compounds (total polyphenols, selected phenolic acids, and flavonoids), antioxidant activity and physicochemical properties of conventional and organic garlic (Allium sativum L.). Raw garlic from conventional cultivation (GR) showed significantly lower content of phenolic components and antioxidant activity compared to raw garlic from organic cultivation (GREcol) (by 22.8% and 25.1%, respectively). The fermentation processes of the garlic from both the conventional (BG) and organic (BGEcol) cultivation significantly increased the content of total polyphenols (more than two times), phenolic acids (more than 1.5 times) and flavonoids (1.5 and 1.3 times, respectively). The garlic fermentation process also significantly increased antioxidant potential: two times for BG and three times for BGEcol. The content of bioactive compounds (total polyphenols, phenolic acids, and flavonoids) was significantly (p < 0.05) higher in organic black garlic (BGEcol) compared to conventional black garlic (BG). Heat treatment leading to changes in both the physicochemical, organoleptic and health-promoting properties allowed to obtain a new product gaining in sensory attractiveness and enabling a wide range of applications.
Large‐Scale Multifunctional Carbon Nanotube Thin Film as Effective Mid‐Infrared Radiation Modulator with Long‐Term Stability

Mid‐infrared tunable materials have attracted increasing attention for thermal radiation management in various applications ranging from infrared camouflage to radiative thermoregulation. Functional films based on graphene and carbon nanotubes by electrical gating are promising candidates because of their ultrawide spectral range from visible to terahertz and structural flexibility. However, challenges in practical applications remain, such as short cycle life, rapid performance degradation, and difficulties in the synthesis of large‐scale electrochromic films. In this paper, a scalable strategy to produce large‐scale mid‐infrared electrochromic films with long‐term stability is demonstrated, in which a sandwich‐structured thin film based on multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) is fabricated via a universal roll‐to‐roll process. By ionic liquid gating, the electrochromic films exhibit tunable thermal emissivity from ≈0.15–0.7 and excellent stability with 96% modulation retention over 3500 cycles. This mid‐infrared electromodulation behavior is mainly ascribed to the change in free carrier concentration of few‐walled carbon nanotubes in MWCNT films via a reversible ion‐induced doping process. The electrochromic films are found to enable effective radiative thermal regulation, dependent on tunable thermal emissivity. Moreover, applications in infrared displays for secret communication and infrared camouflage for varied environmental backgrounds are also demonstrated with 10 × 10 multipixel arrays.
Hyperuricemia Predicts Residual Diuresis Decline in Peritoneal Dialysis Patients

Introduction. The effect of serum uric acid (SUA) concentration on residual urine volume in peritoneal dialysis (PD) patients has not been postulated yet. The present study aimed to investigate the effect of SUA concentration on residual diuresis in PD patients. Methods. It was a retrospective observational study involving 175 patients who were treated with PD for at least 3 months. The primary study outcome was residual dieresis decline<100 mL/24h represented as the time to onset of anuria. Results. A total of 175 PD patients with the median PD vintage of 13.5 [5.0-19.7] months before the enrollment were included in the study. Among the participants, there were 79 (45.2%) men and 96 (54.8%) women. Hyperuricemia was found in 48/79 (60.8%) men and 39/96 (40.6%) women (p=0.008). Residual renal function was significantly lower in the PD patients with hyperuricemia compared with the hyperuricemia-free patients. During a 22.5 [15.8-28.3] month follow-up period, 64 (42.3%) PD patients progressed to anuria and its prevalence was significantly higher in the hyperuricemic group compared with the normouricemic group (64.3% vs 20.4%, p <0.001). The multivariate logistic regression analysis demonstrated that hyperuricemia was an independent risk factor associated with the development of anuria in PD patients. The additional Cox regression analysis confirmed hyperuricemia as a predictor for anuria development in the PD patients: HR 2.6 (95% CI 1.38; 4.9), p=0.003. Conclusions. Hyperuricemia is an independent risk factor for residual diuresis decline < 100 mL/24h in PD patients.
Citizen Science on Twitter: Using Data Analytics to Understand Conversations and Networks

This paper presents a long-term study on how the public engage with discussions around citizen science and crowdsourcing topics. With progress in sensor technologies and IoT, our cities and neighbourhoods are increasingly sensed, measured and observed. While such data are often used to inform citizen science projects, it is still difficult to understand how citizens and communities discuss citizen science activities and engage with citizen science projects. Understanding these engagements in greater depth will provide citizen scientists, project owners, practitioners and the generic public with insights around how social media can be used to share citizen science related topics, particularly to help increase visibility, influence change and in general and raise awareness on topics. To the knowledge of the authors, this is the first large-scale study on understanding how such information is discussed on Twitter, particularly outside the scope of individual projects. The paper reports on the wide variety of topics (e.g., politics, news, ecological observations) being discussed on social media and a wide variety of network types and the varied roles played by users in sharing information in Twitter. Based on these findings, the paper highlights recommendations for stakeholders for engaging with citizen science topics.
Quantitative measurement of the surface charge density

We present a method of measuring the charge density on dielectric surfaces. Similar to electrostatic force microscopy we record the electrostatic interaction between the probe and the sample surface, but at large tip-sample distances. For calibration we use a pyroelectric sample which allows us to alter the surface charge density by a known amount via a controlled temperature change. For proof of principle, we determined the surface charge density under ambient conditions of ferroelectric lithium niobate.
High‐Resolution P‐T‐Time Paths Across Himalayan Faults Exposed Along the Bhagirathi Transect NW India: Implications for the Construction of the Himalayan Orogen and Ongoing Deformation

Pressure‐temperature (P‐T) conditions and high‐resolution paths from 11 garnet‐bearing rocks collected across Himalayan fault systems exposed along the Bhagirathi River (Uttarakhand, NW India) reveal the tectonic conditions responsible for their growth. A garnet from the Tethyan metasedimentary unit has a 50.3 ± 0.6 Ma (Th‐Pb, ±1σ) monazite inclusion, suggesting that ductile mid‐crustal metamorphism occurred synchronously or soon after (<10 Myr) India‐Asia collision, depending on timing. High‐resolution garnet P‐T paths from the same rock show ∼1 kbar fluctuations in P as T increases over a ∼20°C interval, consistent with a period of erosion. We report garnets from the Main Central Thrust (MCT) hanging wall that have Eocene to Miocene monazite ages, and one garnet yields paths consistent with motion along the Main Himalayan Thrust (MHT) décollement. Most high‐resolution MCT footwall P‐T paths fluctuate in P (±1 kbar) as T increases, consistent with imbrication and paths from equivalent structural assemblages in central Nepal. Like those rocks, MCT footwall (Lesser Himalayan Formation, LHF) monazite ages are Early Miocene (9.3 ± 0.6 Ma) to Pliocene (3.0 ± 0.2 Ma). The results demonstrate the consistency in timing and conditions across the MCT at locations ∼650 km apart. If the present‐day Himalayan tectonic framework has not significantly changed since the Pliocene, the LHF duplex can be considered when attributing seismic events to particular faults. The MHT is undisputedly the significant factor in accommodating Himalayan seismic activity, but MCT footwall faults may explain some shallower hypocenters, without the need for unusual MHT geometries.
Survival Analysis of Logistics Service Providers: An Empirical Study of Chengdu, Area in China

This paper worked on a sample of 6791 logistics establishments registered in Chengdu, China over the period 1984-2016 to understand the survival status of logistics service providers (LSPs) by non-parametric Kaplan-Meier estimation, together with Cox proportional hazard regression model, to identify factors affecting the failure of LSPs. In particular, it studies the interaction effect between LSPs’ size and entry timing and location. The empirical results show that: 1) Regarding the survival time, 1365 of the 6791 sample LSPs exited from the market by 2017. The exit rate is 20.1%, and the average life of the 6791 LSPs is about 6 years. 2) The survival of LSPs depends on their typology, ownership structure. And there is no significant difference in the probability of survival for both independent LSPs and logistics branches after controlling the effects of other variables. 3) Location and entry timing also play an important role in the survival of small-scale LSPs, but these factors cannot explain large-scale LSPs’ failure.
Iot Based Function Point Analysis Of Detecting Vanishing Point In Unstructured Environments Using Optical Dominant Method

- Identifying a site-based road in a structured environment is a challenging issue because there are no clear and unchanging features that can describe a road or boundary in a structured environment. The edges, boundaries, paths and tire tracks left on the road merge into a single point called the vanishing point. It is important to measure the invisible point for the Autonomous Navigation System (ANS) in structured and structured environments. The Optimal Local Dominance Orientation Method (OLDOM) is used based on image format analysis to quickly calculate the invisible area in structured environments. The combined action of the four Gabor energy responses is used independently to find the local dominant trend. The resulting vector is the correct local dominance trend. A positive distance-based voting scheme is used to determine the location of the disappearance. This approach indicates that each dominant trend will give more votes than the points closest to its beam. The invisible point where the pixel that eventually gets the most votes counts.
Studies of unoccupied orbitals of BF3 and BCL3 by electron transmission spectroscopy and multiple scattering Xα calculations

Electron transmission spectroscopy (ETS) and bound-state and continuum multiple-scattering Xα (MS-Xα) calculations are employed to characterize the unoccupied a′2, a′1 and e′ orbitals of BF3 and BCl3. The a′2 orbital of BF3, which produces a peak about 7 eV below threshold in the x-ray absorption spectrum (XAS), generates a scattering resonance at 3.5 eV in ETS. Similarly, the e′ orbital that lies about 2 eV above threshold in XAS occurs about 13‒16 eV above threshold in ETS. Dissociation of F− from BF3 due to electron attachment is attributed to a core-excited shape resonance involving an e″ a″2 excitation and electron capture into the a′2 orbital. In BCl3 all the unoccupied orbitals lie at lower energy than in BF3 and are closely spaced, making definitive spectral assignments difficult. Both Hartree-Fock (HF) and MS-Xα methods apparently underestimate the stability of the unoccupied e′ orbital of BCl3. Vibronic coupling due to out-of-plane bending may significantly affect the spectral intensities. Feshbach resonances are observed for BCl3 at energies close to those observed in the vacum-UV absorption spectrum. The lower energies of the unoccupied orbitals of BCl3 are consistent with their stronger bonding to nucleophiles.
Long-Term Trend Analysis in Annual and Seasonal Precipitation, Maximum and Minimum Temperatures in the Southwest United States

The objective of this study is to perform trend analysis in the historic data sets of annual and crop season [May–September] precipitation and daily maximum and minimum temperatures across the southwest United States. Eighteen ground-based weather stations were considered across the southwest United States for a total period from 1902 to 2017. The non-parametric Mann–Kendall test method was used for the significance of the trend analysis and the Sen’s slope estimator was used to derive the long-term average rates of change in the parameters. The results showed a decreasing trend in annual precipitation at 44.4% of the stations with the Sen’s slopes varying from −1.35 to −0.02 mm/year while the other stations showed an increasing trend. Crop season total precipitation showed non-significant variation at most of the stations except two stations in Arizona. Seventy-five percent of the stations showed increasing trend in annual maximum temperature at the rates that varied from 0.6 to 3.1 °C per century. Air cooling varied from 0.2 to 1.0 °C per century with dominant warming phenomenon at the regional scale of the southwest United States. Average annual minimum temperature had increased at 69% of the stations at the rates that varied from 0.1 to 8 °C over the last century, while the annual temperature amplitude showed a decreasing trend at 63% of stations. Crop season maximum temperature had significant increasing trend at 68.8% of the stations at the rates varying from 0.7 to 3.5 °C per century, while the season minimum temperature had increased at 75% of the stations.
Enhancement of dielectric permittivity and ferroelectricity of a modified cobalt nanoparticle and polyvinylidene fluoride based composite

Dielectric permittivity and loss of percolative composites of cobalt nanoparticle loaded polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) have been investigated. The films have been characterized by X-ray diffraction, infrared spectroscopy, dielectric relaxation spectroscopy and electrical polarization measurements. A remarkable increase in the amount of polar β phase of PVDF has been observed upon dispersion of cobalt nanoparticles in the PVDF matrix. The dielectric constant of the composite increases significantly near the percolation threshold (19 vol%) of filler cobalt nanoparticles in the PVDF matrix. The results have been explained by the space charge polarization at the interfaces between the two phases of the composite and the development of several micro capacitor structures. The electrical field dependent polarization also increases upon addition of cobalt nanoparticles. This could be due to formation of a higher amount of the β phase of PVDF.
Effect of Physical Activity on Obesity in Second Stage Pupils of Elementary Schools in Northwest Bohemia

Obesity is a serious problem in our society. An evaluation of obesity development performed in the second half of the previous century already indicated a long-term positive trend in terms of body weight increase in children and the youth, which still persists today. Paediatric obesity arises from a changed lifestyle of children, characterised by an important restriction of their spontaneous physical activity. A lack of physical activity is one of the most important causes of paediatric obesity, which associated with a number of serious disorders. In the current study, the incidence of obesity and overweight as well as the relationship between physical activity and obesity in second stage pupils of elementary schools in northwest Bohemia is presented. The data collection was based on questions from the NAS 2001 questionnaire (nationwide anthropological survey) and BMI-for-age. 2001. NAS 2001 is a questionnaire for children and evaluates areas focused on engagement in physical activities and other daily activities, eating habits, drinking regime and care of the body habitus. Problems with obesity and overweight are present, particularly in boys. Only a third of boys and girls engage in sufficient physical activity. Differences were shown in the study group, where groups with higher BMI values had lower values of physical activity. Subsequently, a relationship was shown between those who use their bicycle as a means of transport and spend their leisure time bicycling at the same time. More than two-thirds of the study subjects reported using a bicycle as a means of transport and using their bicycle in their leisure time as a means of being active; 93% of these subjects had normal body weight. Our results confirm the continued pandemic prevalence of obesity and indicate that appropriate physical activity should be included in the everyday life of children both at school and outside of school.
BAYWRF: a high-resolution present-day climatological atmospheric dataset for Bavaria

Abstract. Climate impact assessments require information about climate change at regional and ideally also local scales. In dendroecological studies, this information has traditionally been obtained using statistical methods, which preclude the linkage of local climate changes to large-scale drivers in a process-based way. As part of recent efforts to investigate the impact of climate change on forest ecosystems in Bavaria, Germany, we developed a high-resolution atmospheric modelling dataset, BAYWRF, for this region over the thirty-year period of September 1987 to August 2018. The atmospheric model employed in this study, the Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) model, was configured with two nested domains of 7.5 and 1.5 km grid spacing centred over Bavaria and forced at the outer lateral boundaries by ERA5 reanalysis data. Using an extensive network of observational data, we evaluate (i) the impact of using grid analysis nudging for a single-year simulation of the period of September 2017 to August 2018 and (ii) the full BAYWRF dataset generated using nudging. The evaluation shows that the model represents variability in near-surface meteorological conditions generally well, although there are both seasonal and spatial biases in the dataset that interested users should take into account. BAYWRF provides a unique and valuable tool for investigating climate change in Bavaria with high interdisciplinary relevance. Data from the finest-resolution WRF domain are available for download at daily temporal resolution from a public repository at the Open Science Framework (Collier, 2020; https://doi.org/10.17605/OSF.IO/AQ58B ).