Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Origin and Evolution of High-Mg Carbonatitic and Low-Mg Carbonatitic to Silicic High-Density Fluids in Coated Diamonds from Udachnaya Kimberlite Pipe

Microinclusions of high-density fluids (HDFs) were studied in coated diamonds from the Udachnaya kimberlite pipe (Siberian craton, Russia). The presence of C-centers in the coats testifies to their formation shortly before kimberlite eruption, whereas the cores have much longer mantle residence in chemically different mantle substrates, i.e., peridotite-type (P-type) and eclogite-type (E-type). The carbon isotope composition indicates an isotopically homogeneous carbon source for coats and a heterogeneous source for cores. Microinclusions in the coats belong to two groups: high-Mg carbonatitic and low-Mg carbonatitic to silicic. A relationship was found between high-Mg carbonatitic HDFs and peridotitic host rocks and between low-Mg carbonatitic to silicic and eclogites. The composition of high-Mg carbonatitic HDFs with a “planed” trace-element pattern can evolve to low-Mg carbonatitic to silicic during percolation through different mantle rocks. The compositional variations of microinclusions in the coats reflect this evolution.
Investigation of High-Efficiency Iterative ILU Preconditioner Algorithm for Partial-Differential Equation Systems

In this paper, we investigate an iterative incomplete lower and upper (ILU) factorization preconditioner for partial-differential equation systems. We discretize the partial-differential equations into linear equation systems. An iterative scheme of linear systems is used. The ILU preconditioners of linear systems are performed on the different computation nodes of multi-central processing unit (CPU) cores. Firstly, the preconditioner of general tridiagonal matrix equations is tested on supercomputers. Then, the effects of partial-differential equation systems on the speedup of parallel multiprocessors are examined. The numerical results estimate that the parallel efficiency is higher than in other algorithms.
Antioxidant Activity Improvement of Apples Juice Supplemented with Chitosan-Galactose Maillard Reaction Products

Chitosan-galactose Maillard reaction (CG) were prepared by heating at 100 °C for 3 hrs in a model system containing chitosan (CH) and 1%, 1.5% and 2% (w/v) of galactose. The results showed that the absorbance at 294 and 420 nm, the fluorescence intensity and the color differences of CG Maillard reaction products (MRPs) increased significantly with the increase of galactose concentration, which indicated the development of MRPs. In addition, FT-IR analysis showed that the degree of deacetylation of CG-MRPs was reduced with the increasing galactose ratio by the schiff base (–C=N) formation, indicating that the galactose has been attached to the amino group of chitosan. Likewise, the antioxidant activities (DPPH, chelating ability and reducing power) of CG-MRPs were investigated. Notably, the effect of galactose concentration in CG-MRPs was found to enhance the antioxidant activity, indicating that CG-2% exhibited the highest antioxidant activity in the range of 0.25–2.0 mg/mL. Furthermore, the apple juice supplemented with CG-MRPs could significantly improve the antioxidant activities, and CG-2% in apple juice showed the better antioxidant capacity at the concentration of 1.0 mg/mL. Thus, we conclude that CG-MRPs addition may greatly improve the antioxidant quality of apple juice.
Big Data for predictive maintenance of industrial machinery

The operation of industrial manufacturing processes can suffer greatly when critical components fail suddenly. Large manufacturing processes can have plenty of critical components whose failure can interfere with the process operation. Typically these parts are changed periodically according to preventive maintenance strategy. Industry is eager to move towards predictive maintenance in order to make savings in spare parts and lower downtime. Predictive maintenance requires several measurement campaigns from a single part in order to make a working model or finding condition thresholds. A single measurement campaign from a certain part can take lots of time and give limited information about developing condition in certain environment. Multiplying the amount of this measured data leads to a more reliable estimate for the aspects affecting the condition and thresholds. The idea is to gather condition monitoring data from several similar machines or machine parts from a wide range of different environmental and stress conditions. This data can be used to generate models for several varying fault types. Data used for this system can include condition monitoring data from the target, automation system data describing operating conditions, metadata for describing environmental factors and maintenance reports in standardized form, including pictures of faults and events.
The effect of speaking rate and vowel quantity on the perception of voice-onset-time in Icelandic

Speech is a variable signal. In the temporal domain, speech has shown itself to be highly elastic. This elasticity is caused e.g. by differences in speaking rates. At faster rates, speech segments shorten, while at slower durations they lengthen. This durational variability presents a problem for perceivers. Consider thus a speech cue such as voice-onset-time (VOT). VOT is the time from the opening of the mouth for a stop to the onset of the voicing in the following vowel. In monosyllables such as ‘ba’ and ‘pa’, the VOT is short (20–30 ms) in the former, and long (50–60 ms) in the latter syllable. However, the duration of VOT is also influenced by the speaking rate, so that no absolute boundaries in terms of the duration of VOT can be found to distinguish between ‘b’ and ‘p’. One theory holds that listeners “take account of” speaking rate in perception, and thus adjust for different speaking rates (exhibiting what is usually termed perceptual normalization). Before a short vowel, the VOT boundaries in perception between ‘b’ and ‘p’ are thus commonly found to lie at shorter VOT durations than before a long vowel. This has been found in many studies with speakers of English. In Icelandic, different vowel durations are ambiguous. On the one hand, different durations can signify differences in speaking rate, as in English. On the other hand, durational differences can signify a difference in quantity, i.e. between phonemically long and short vowels. This paper presents perceptual experiments which explore the effect of rate vs. quantity in the perception of VOT in Icelandic. The results show that with differences in the perceived rate of the following vowel, the listeners show normalization for rate in VOT perception, but not if comparable changes in vowel duration signify differences in quantity.
Gender Equity And Political Participation

The present paper on Gender equity and political participation discusses the present status of women in Indian politics. The paper further discusses the holistic assessment of electoral participation of women and issues, challenges of participation. The paper concludes with suggestions on strengthening women’s role in politics. -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Date of Submission: 19-09-2017 Date of acceptance: 04-10-2017 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
AC0 Constructions for Evolving Secret Sharing Schemes and Redistribution of Secret Shares

Classical secret sharing schemes are built on the assumptions that the number of participants and the access structure remain ﬁxed over time. Evolving secret sharing addresses the question of accommodating new participants with changeable access structures. One goal of this article is to initiate the study of evolving secret sharing sharing such that both share generation and reconstruction algorithms can be implemented by AC 0 circuits. We give a concrete construction with some minor storage assumption. Furthermore, allowing certain trade-oﬀs we consider the novel problem of robust redistribution of secret shares (in AC 0 ) in the spirit of dynamic access structure by suitably modifying a construction of Cheng-Ishai-Li (TCC 2017). A naive solution to the problem is to increase the alphabet size. We avoid this by modifying shares of some of the old participants. This modiﬁcation is also necessary to make newly added participant(s) non-redundant to the secret sharing scheme.
Global trends in resistance to antituberculosis drugs. World Health Organization-International Union against Tuberculosis and Lung Disease Working Group on Anti-Tuberculosis Drug Resistance Surveillance.

BACKGROUND Data on global trends in resistance to antituberculosis drugs are lacking. METHODS We expanded the survey conducted by the World Health Organization and the International Union against Tuberculosis and Lung Disease to assess trends in resistance to antituberculosis drugs in countries on six continents. We obtained data using standard protocols from ongoing surveillance or from surveys of representative samples of all patients with tuberculosis. The standard sampling techniques distinguished between new and previously treated patients, and laboratory performance was checked by means of an international program of quality assurance. RESULTS Between 1996 and 1999, patients in 58 geographic sites were surveyed; 28 sites provided data for at least two years. For patients with newly diagnosed tuberculosis, the frequency of resistance to at least one antituberculosis drug ranged from 1.7 percent in Uruguay to 36.9 percent in Estonia (median, 10.7 percent). The prevalence increased in Estonia, from 28.2 percent in 1994 to 36.9 percent in 1998 (P=0.01), and in Denmark, from 9.9 percent in 1995 to 13.1 percent in 1998 (P=0.04). The median prevalence of multidrug resistance among new cases of tuberculosis was only 1.0 percent, but the prevalence was much higherin Estonia (14.1 percent), Henan Province in China (10.8 percent), Latvia (9.0 percent), the Russian oblasts of Ivanovo (9.0 percent) and Tomsk (6.5 percent), Iran (5.0 percent), and Zhejiang Province in China (4.5 percent). There were significant decreases in multidrug resistance in France and the United States. In Estonia, the prevalence in all cases increased from 11.7 percent in 1994 to 18.1 percent in 1998 (P<0.001). CONCLUSIONS Multidrug-resistant tuberculosis continues to be a serious problem, particularly among some countries of eastern Europe. Our survey also identified areas with a high prevalence of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis in such countries as China and Iran.
Long-term settlement observations of a bridge foundation on clay of very high plasticity Observations en matière d'affaissement à long terme de fondations de pont sur un argile de très haute plasticité

Four bridge piers, all of which are resting on preconsolidated clay of very high plasticity, have, since erection, had a measured settlement of between 0.25m and 0.65m. This paper presents the settlement observations carried out over a period of more than 75 years. The settlements progress in a nearly linear manner when plotted against log time. Together with the observed fast progress of the settlement, considering the extremely small permeability of the clay, this strongly suggests that primary consolidation cannot be the primary cause of the observed settlements. Therefore, other causes must be found to explain the observed behaviour. Some form of creep seems obvious. Perspective calculations strongly suggest that the observed behaviour is primarily caused by plastic deformation, developed as a result of applied loads approaching the bearing capacity of the clay (too little safety against bearing capacity failure). The piers with the smallest bearing capacity reserve have the greatest settlements, and the slope of the seabed plays a crucial role. RÉSUMÉ Quatre piles de pont, reposant toutes sur de l’argile préconsolidé de très haute plasticité, présentent, depuis leur érection, un affaissement mesuré allant de 0,25 m à 0,65 m. Cet article présente les observations en matière d’affaissement effectuées sur une période de plus de 75 ans. L’affaissement progresse de façon pratiquement linéaire lorsqu’il est calculé par rapport à l’instant de relevé. Lié au caractère rapide de la progression d’affaissement observée, compte tenu de la perméabilité extrêmement faible de l’argile, une telle linéarité semble pratiquement exclure la possibilité que les affaissements constatés soient essentiellement dus à la consolidation primaire. Par conséquent, il convient de chercher d’autres causes au comportement observé. On constate à l’évidence une certaine forme de fluage. Les calculs de perspective suggèrent avec insistence que le comportement observé est essentiellement le fruit d'une déformation plastique, liée au fait que les charges appliquées se rapprochent de la capacité portante de l’argile (marge trop faible par rapport à un défaut de capacité portante). Ce sont les piles soumises à la pression la plus forte qui se sont le plus affaissées, et l’inclinaison du fond marin joue un rôle déterminant en la matière.
Benchmarking Sim-2-Real Algorithms on Real-World Platforms

Learning from simulation is particularly useful, because it is typically cheaper and safer than learning on real-world systems. Nevertheless, the transfer of learned behavior from the simulation to the real word can impose difficulties because of the so-called ’reality gap’. There are multiple approaches trying to close the gap. Although many benchmarks of reinforcement learning algorithms exist, state-of-the-art sim-2-real methods are rarely compared. In this thesis, we compare two recent methods on Furuta pendulum swing up and ball balancing tasks. The performed benchmarks aim at assessing sim-2-sim and sim-2-real transferability. We show that the application of sim-2-real methods significantly improves the transferability of learned behavior. Zusammenfassung Das Lernen aus der Simulation ist besonders hilfreich, weil es günstiger und sicherer ist als das direkte Lernen auf den realen Systemen. Jedoch ist es nicht einfach, in der Simulation gelerntes Verhalten direkt in die Realität zu übertragen. Grund dafür ist der sogenannte ’reality gap’. Es gibt mehrere Ansätze diese Lücke zwischen Relität und Simulation zu schlies̈sen. Obwohl einige Benchmarks auf Reinforcement Learning Methoden durchgeführt wurden, gibt es nur wenige Auswertungen von sim-2-real Methoden. In dieser Thesis werden wir zwei Methoden evaluieren. Die zu lösenden Aufgaben werden das Hochschwingen und Balancieren eines Furuta Pendels und eines Balls sein, der auf einer Platte balanciert werden muss. Wir zeigen, dass die Anwendung von sim-2-real Methoden die Übertragbarkeit gelernten Verhaltens signifikant verbessert.
Inducing Probabilistic Context-Free Grammars for the Sequencing of Robot Movement Primitives

Movement Primitives are a well studied and widely applied concept in modern robotics. Composing primitives out of an existing library, however, has shown to be a challenging problem. We propose the use of probabilistic context-free grammars to sequence a series of primitives to generate complex robot policies from a given library of primitives. The rule-based nature of formal grammars allows an intuitive encoding of hierarchically and recursively structured tasks. This hierarchical concept strongly connects with the way robot policies can be learned, organized, and re-used. However, the induction of context-free grammars has proven to be a complicated and yet unsolved challenge. In this work, we exploit the physical nature of robot movement primitives to restrict and efficiently search the grammar space. The grammar is learned with Markov Chain Monte Carlo optimization over the posteriors of the grammars given the observations. Restrictions over operators connecting the search define the corresponding proposal distributions and, therefore, guide the optimization additionally. In experiments, we validate our method on a redundant 7 degree-of-freedom lightweight robotic arm on tasks that require the generation of complex sequences of motions out of simple primitives.
Inquiry-and Research-based Teaching in a Course on Model Checking

In this presentation, we discuss a recent publication on our course on model checking. The course has been shifted from a classical lecture-based format to inquiry and research-based teaching. In the article to be presented, we documented course development, presented some didactic methods used and evaluated the course based on peer review and student feedback. Furthermore, we tried to assert student engagement empirically.
A Online Appendix: Additional Text Preparation Details

Text gathered from a variety of different sources may not be immediately readable by a computer. First, the data itself might be pictures of text taken from an archive or hand-written manuscripts that are not yet digitized. In these cases, Optical Character Recognition (OCR) technologies may be required. Even if they have been digitized, texts may be stored digitally using different encodings and therefore not immediately usable as one corpus.
A Model of Marine Litter in Sustainable Fisheries

This paper studies the dynamics of an economy specialized in fisheries facing a rising marine litter problem. We present a dynamic optimization model to explain the mechanism through which marine litter causes inefficiencies in the fishery sector. We study the dynamic properties of the model when the externality of marine litter is not taken into account and when it is internalized via the price of fish. We find that when the litter is internalized through the price of fish, the ocean quality is improved but fish catch decreases. We explore the possibility of introducing an incentive scheme where marine litter can be traded on a hypothetical market. The introduction of a market removes the inefficiencies caused by marine litter and provides the right incentive for fishermen to maximize the overall welfare.
SPEAKER-GROUP SPECIFIC FEATURES

Spoken human interaction comprises a variety of tasks and behaviours. Since the state of a human is affected by various circumstances, it can change during an interaction – for example, depending on the task at hand. Such interaction stages occur in human-human interaction as well as in human-computer interaction, and therefore are object of automatic detection and classification. In this paper, we investigate several feature sets with respect to their suitability to the task of interaction stages classification.
A system dynamics approach to model cost of quality in a supply chain

The objective of this paper is to build a cost of quality (COQ) model operating within supply chain (SC), which also incorporates opportunity cost (OC). The model allows studying the relationships between the COQ elements (including OC) at different quality levels. System dynamics is used as the main approach in this study. The COQ model is built based on the Prevention-AppraisalFailure (PAF) concept while Opportunity Cost (OC) is integrated into non-conformance cost category. The simulation using Vensim software is carried out to study the effects of the COQ elements and OC on the numbers of new customers in the SC. The findings of this research show that the number of new customers in SC decreases when OC is considered in the model; however, an investment in conformance costs is recommended to increase the number of new customers, which consequently will reduce the non-conformance costs. However, in reality, tracing opportunity cost is challenging, because it depends on the customer satisfaction which is not easy to capture and quantify. The study derives the level and the dynamics of the customer satisfaction from a survey and may thus suffer from some inaccuracies.
Quality of Life, Enjoyment and Satisfaction Questionnaire (Q-LES-Q)

Strumenti e una Sezione di EPS dedicata alia pubblicazione di strumenti di valutazione e di misura di interesse per la ricerca epidemiologica in psichiatria. II testo degli strumenti viene pubblicato integralmente, accompagnato da una presentazione da parte del curatore, da una descrizione e dalle istruzioni per l'uso fornite dagli autori. Strumenti si pone tra gli obiettivi principali quello di aumentare il grado di conoscenza sugli strumenti di misurazione in psichiatria e di facilitare la diffusione e l'utilizzo di strumenti validati e correttamente tradotti nella nostra lingua. Siamo lieti di prendere in considerazione per la pubblicazione contributi provenienti da ricercatori italiani che abbiano sviluppato e validato strumenti originali o tradotto strumenti stranieri.
Predictive Inference of a Wildfire Risk Pipeline in the United States Proposal Track

Wildfires are rare catastrophic events that are influenced by global climate change and present ongoing threats to life and property. The August 2019 IPCC report on climate change [1] notes that climate change is “expected to enhance the risk and severity of wildfires” in many areas. Hence there is an urgent need to accurately statistically model wildfire risks. Wildfire risk modeling requires accounting for several separate but related risk components [2] which can be viewed as a “wildfire risk pipeline”. First, one must model where fires are most likely to start, based on weather, human activity, and related factors; then, based on a fire’s location, model the fire’s duration and size. Finally, a model can project risk exposure, the number of lives or properties exposed to the fire.
The Effect of Maternal Hypothyroidism on Fetal Umbilical Cord Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor Levels

Objective: Brain derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) is the most important neurotrophin, which helps the differentiation and growth of central and peripheral neurons, and facilitates synaptic transmission. In this study we aimed to investigate fetal cord BDNF levels of infants born from subclinical and clinical maternal hypothyroidism. Methods: This study was conducted on a total of 67 pregnant women who were followed up in Obstetrics and Gynecology outpatient clinics, 27 with maternal hypothyroidism and 40 age-parity matched healthy pregnants without hypothyroidism. Immediately after vaginal or cesarean delivery fetal cord blood samples were taken from these patients and BDNF levels were measured. Results: BDNF levels of infants born from pregnants with maternal hypothyroidism were significantly lower than the control group (23.3 ± 17.4 ng/dl and 50.7 ± 28.3 ng/dl respectively; p<0.001). In multiple linear regression analysis, while BDNF level was related with maternal hypothyroidism and infant sex, it was not associated with mode of delivery, maternal age, total weight gain during pregnancy, gestational age at birth, thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) levels and other neonatal data. Conclusion: This study showed that fetal cord BDNF levels significantly decreased in infants of the pregnants with hypothyroidism. Key words: Pregnancy, maternal hypothyroidism, brain derived neurotrophic factor, levothyroxine