Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Thermal investigation of Three-Phase Induction Motors with an Integrated Open-Phase Fault Operation Using a Lumped Parameter Thermal Network (LPTN)

Among electric machines, the induction motor is the most used in the industry. Despite its simplicity manufacturing, implementation and its robustness the induction motor remains a machine subject of several potential faults that affect safety, production and profitability of installations, such as the suppression of one or more stator phases of the motor, which requires special attention. For that, during the last years, several investigations of induction motor behavior under an open-phase fault condition have been presented [1]–[2]. The presence of the open-phase fault in induction machines creates an unbalance in the temperature distribution of the motor, which requires an important need for accurate estimation of temperature, particularly in those hot spots where a risk of adverse thermal conditions increases. However, in all electrical machines, when there is a defect such as when one or more phases fail, the motor cannot deliver any significant torque and produce more heat on both stator and rotor winding. The current and flux density distribution changes their magnitudes according to the severity of the defect. Because of the variety of heat transfer inside the machine their thermal study is a very complex problem. For thermal analysis, the two main approaches are numerical methods based on Finite element Analysis (FEA) [3]–[4] - [5] and analytical Lumped Parameters Thermal Network (LPTN) [6]–[7], [8]. Ideally a 3D model is needed to represent as accurately as possible the electromagnetic and thermal states of the motor when the load torque is known. This complex problem can hardly be solved in a reasonable time, and often leads to simplifications which must, however, remain compatible with the objective. This paper is focused on the thermal behavior of an open phase fault of three phase squirrel cage induction motor for an industrial application. The machine is investigated during both healthy and faulty conditions using an analytical method based on the Lumped Parameter Thermal Network (LPTN) validated by experimental study.
Éléments pour une approche morphométrique de la croissance végétale et de la floraison : le cas d'espèces tropicales du modèle de Leeuwenberg

A quantitative description of primary growth from the apical meristem activity is proposed for four tropical plants: Alstonia vieillardii var. vieillardii (Apocynaceae), Miconia ciliata (Melastomaceae), Ricinus communis (Euphorbiaceae), and Solanum rugosum (Solanaceae). The development of these four plants corresponds to Leeuwenberg's model. Three parameters were measured at different stages of plant growth: leaf surface, length of the underlying internode, and the surface of the internode section. Two other parameters were derived from these three: parameter T, which summarizes the first three parameters and corresponds to the overall dimension of the leaf–internode system, and parameter D, showing the differential evolution of the leaf surface and the corresponding axial volume. The higher the D value, the higher the predominance shown by the twig over the leaf component. This phenomenon is named axialization. The reciprocal situation is called foliarization. For parameter T, the observed variations are.
Control of the root-knot nematode Meloidogyne javanica by the parasite Pasteuria penetrans as influenced by the initial nematode population densities.

The potential of Pasteuria penetrans for the biological control of Meloidogyne javanica on tomato plants was examined in a pot experiment. P. penetrans in dried powdered roots was applied at 11000 and 55 000 spores/cm 3 soil in pots inoculated with 420 or 4200 second stage juveniles. At 4 months after planting there was significantly less galling on plants grown in pots inoculated with 420 nematodes and 55 000 spores/cm 3 than in the unamended control pots. There was a 96% decrease in numbers of egg masses on these roots. The period of assessment had to be shortened because the control plants in the treatment with the higher nematode inoculum died prematurely curtailing further reproduction. Treatment with P. penetrans prevented premature senescence of the plants allowing nematode reproduction to continue. A significant interaction between P. penetrans density and nematode density was obtained on the number of juveniles in soil after the first crop. Where the nematode population was initially large (4200/pot), there were more juveniles in the treatments to which P. penetrans had been applied than in the untreated controls. However, where the nematode population was initially small (420/pot), there were more juveniles in the untreated control than in the treatment with the higher dose of P. penetrans. A second crop was grown in soil from the different treatments after either removing or incorporating the dried roots of the preceding crop. After 30 days, root galling and egg production were higher in pots initially inoculated with 420 nematodes. The effect of root incorporation on egg production was influenced by both nematode and P. penetrans level; greater numbers of eggs were produced on treatments with the initially higher levels. It is concluded that P. penetrans, deployed as a single control measure, may not give consistent or durable control, but that it may have a role in an integrated approach to nematode management.
Prevalence of serrated lesions, risk factors, and their association with synchronous advanced colorectal neoplasia in asymptomatic screened individuals

Serrated lesions (SLs) have attracted attention as precursors of colorectal cancer (CRC). However, their prevalence, risk factors, and clinical significance have not been satisfactorily elucidated. This study used high‐quality colonoscopy data to determine the prevalence of SLs and to identify their risk factors and relationship with synchronous advanced colorectal neoplasia (ACN) in asymptomatic screened individuals.
Promoting the accumulation of scopolamine and hyoscyamine in Hyoscyamus niger L. through EMS based mutagenesis

The overexploitation of medicinal plants is depleting gene pool at an alarming rate. In this scenario inducing the genetic variability through targeted mutations could be beneficial in generating varieties with increased content of active compounds. The present study aimed to develop a reproducible protocol for in vitro multiplication and mutagenesis of Hyoscyamus niger targeting putrescine N-methyltransferase (PMT) and 6β-hydroxy hyoscyamine (H6H) genes of alkaloid biosynthetic pathway. In vitro raised callus were treated with different concentrations (0.01% - 0.1%) of Ethyl Methane Sulfonate (EMS). Emerging multiple shoots and roots were obtained on the MS media supplemented with cytokinins and auxins. Significant effects on morphological characteristics were observed following exposure to different concentrations of EMS. EMS at a concentration of 0.03% was seen to be effective in enhancing the average shoot and root number from 14.5±0.30 to 22.2 ±0.77 and 7.2±0.12 to 8.8±0.72, respectively. The lethal dose (LD50) dose was calculated at 0.08% EMS. The results depicted that EMS has an intense effect on PMT and H6H gene expression and metabolite accumulation. The transcripts of PMT and H6H were significantly upregulated at 0.03–0.05% EMS compared to control. EMS treated explants showed increased accumulation of scopolamine (0.639 μg/g) and hyoscyamine (0.0344μg/g) compared to untreated.
Effects of a 4 °C increase in temperature on partitioning of leaf area and dry mass, root respiration and carbohydrates

1. Plants of Bellis perennis, Dactylis glomerata and Poa annua were grown from seed in controlled-environment cabinets at either 16 or 20 °C; at the higher temperature all three species had increased total dry mass and leaf area when assessed on the basis of chronological time. On the basis of thermal time (summation of degree-days above 0 °C; days °C) temperature decreased the dry mass in P. annua. 2. Partitioning was assessed as a change in the allometric coefficients relating shoot and root dry mass, leaf and plant mass, leaf area and plant mass, and leaf area and leaf mass. Of the 12 relationships examined only three were affected by temperature: there was increased partitioning towards the shoot relative to the root in D. glomerata and increased partitioning towards leaf area rather than leaf mass in D. glomerata and B.perennis. 3. Root respiration was unaffected by temperature of growth in D. glomerata and P.annua but was lower in B. perennis grown at elevated temperature. 4. Root respiration acclimated to temperature in P. annua and B. perennis (i.e. when measured at the same temperature, respiration was higher in plants grown at 16 °C). 5. Root soluble carbohydrate concentration was unaffected by temperature of growth in any of the species. Feeding sucrose to the roots for a short period had no effect on the rate of respiration of B. perennis or D. glomerata but increased root respiration of P. annua.
Development of a Mobile Robot for Inspection of Analog Gauges in Industrial Plants Using Computer Vision

Industrial accidents are a main issue for companies with capital intensive infrastructure; one way to reduce this is avoiding the employees exposure to hazardous environments that affect their physical integrity and health. Inspection of gauges and manipulation of valves are important tasks that are typically performed in all industries, these industrial components are located in hard access and dangerous places, for this reason is necessary a system that can achieve this task without direct human intervention. In this paper, a teleoperated robotic system with computer vision capabilities is proposed; the robotic system is comprised by a mobile platform and a robotic arm equipped with a camera system. In addition, a vision algorithm for analog gauge measurements was tested in different gauge models and the results show that a 1% error was achieved in less than 1 second.
Recommendation algorithm based on users’ interest preferences and Restricted Boltzmann machine

In order to overcome the disadvantages of recommendation algorithm based on restricted Boltzmann machine, which only uses the severely sparse scoring matrix in the training process, and can not effectively extract user characteristics effectively, and also ignores the users’ interests and item attributes. a recommendation algorithm based on users’ interest preferences and Restricted Boltzmann Machines is proposed. Firstly, the Restricted Boltzmann machines for collaborative filtering algorithm is utilized to predict the user rating of the item is r1; then the information of users’ interest preference is used to establish a users’ rating preference model, and predict the user rating the item is r2; Finally, the linear regression algorithm is utilized to confirm the weights of r1 and r2 to obtain the final prediction score r . The experimental results show that the proposed algorithm in this paper can improve the predicted accuracy of the recommendation system.
Synchrony of population fluctuations: the dominant influence of widespread factors on local butterfly populations

Fluctuations in the abundance of butterflies at many sites in Britain are monitored in a national scheme. Both annual fluctuations and long term trends at individual sites are often very closely synchronised with regional data which excludes the study sites. I argue from such synchrony: (1) that these population are likely to be limited by density-dependent factors and (2) that population fluctuations are little influenced by interactions which are specific to local communities
Patterns of Macroinvertebrate and Fish Diversity in Freshwater Sulphide Springs

Extreme environments are characterised by the presence of physicochemical stressors and provide unique study systems to address problems in evolutionary ecology research. Sulphide springs provide an example of extreme freshwater environments; because hydrogen sulphide’s adverse physiological effects induce mortality in metazoans even at micromolar concentrations. Sulphide springs occur worldwide, but while microbial communities in sulphide springs have received broad attention, little is known about macroinvertebrates and fish inhabiting these toxic environments. We reviewed qualitative occurrence records of sulphide spring faunas on a global scale and present a quantitative case study comparing diversity patterns in sulphidic and adjacent non-sulphidic habitats across replicated river drainages in Southern Mexico. While detailed studies in most regions of the world remain scarce, available data suggests that sulphide spring faunas are characterised by low species richness. Dipterans (among macroinvertebrates) and cyprinodontiforms (among fishes) appear to dominate the communities in these habitats. At least in fish, there is evidence for the presence of highly endemic species and populations exclusively inhabiting sulphide springs. We provide a detailed discussion of traits that might predispose certain taxonomic groups to colonize sulphide springs, how colonizers subsequently adapt to cope with sulphide toxicity, and how adaptation may be linked to speciation processes.
Three-Dimensional Magnetic Equivalent Circuit Research of Double-Sided Switched Reluctance Linear Machine

This paper proposes a three-dimensional magnetic equivalent circuit (3D MEC) method to analyze the flux linkage characteristics and electromagnetic force characteristics of double-sided switched reluctance linear machine (DSRLM). The 3D finite element model (3D FEM) of DSRLM is established to analyze the magnetic field line distribution of the motor. The magnetic field distribution of two representative positions (unaligned and aligned position) is mainly analyzed, and the reluctance of each part was obtained by the magnetic flux tube method. According to the similarity principle, the magnetic flux tube with irregular shape is equivalent to a simple magnetic circuit that is easy to calculate. According to the similarity of the magnetic circuit and electric circuit, the 3D MEC model of DSRLM was established. The Gauss–Seidel iteration method is used in MATLAB to solve the flux linkage-current curves at two representative positions. Then the flux linkage curves calculated by the MEC method are compared with the 3D-FEM results and experimental results. After that, the flux linkage curves obtained by MEC are used to solve the electromagnetic force curves. And the electromagnetic force curves are compared with the curves obtained by FEM and experiment. It can be found that the error is within an acceptable range, indicating that the scheme is more feasible.
On The Scalability of Blockchain Systems

Blockchain, as a promising solution to develop secure distributed ledgers, has drawn a huge attention over the last decade. By introducing a pseudonymous payment model with no central authority, blockchain marked the new generation of online payment systems, known as Cryptocurrencies. For most of the existing cryptocurrencies, scalability has become a challenging problem. When dealing with an ever increasing number of users, miners, and transactions, the technology is unable to scale and provide the same performance as centralised systems (e.g. centralised payment systems). Without addressing this fundamental scalability problem, such a promising technology may not be able to be adopted in mainstream. This paper provides an attempt to analyse the scalability of existing blockchain protocols and look at the major factors affecting scalability, namely throughput and latency. We also describe the HTNZ protocol, a new approach to improve the scalability of Satoshi Nakamoto’s model [1], validated by experimental results. HTNZ introduces two new components, namely, sideBlock and helper. SideBlock has a slightly different structure of block and increases the number of transactions that can be processed per each interval.
New Technologies to Improve Pain, Anxiety and Depression in Children and Adolescents with Cancer: A Systematic Review

Pain, anxiety, or depression are very prevalent in children and adolescents with cancer, which is a great challenge for health professionals. Several studies pointing out the positive effect of technology on the management of symptoms have been published in recent years. Considering these studies is important in order to reduce the negative impact on the quality of life of this population. This study aimed to analyze the available evidence and to describe the benefits of the new technologies in the treatment of pain, anxiety, and depression in children and adolescents with cancer. A systematic search using six electronic databases was conducted to identify studies using technological interventions with a focus on pain, anxiety, and depression that were published from 2008 to 2018 including oncology patients from 0–18 years old. Out of the 1261 studies that were identified, five studies met the inclusion criteria for this systematic review. Robots were used in two studies, providing amusement and social interventions that showed significant improvements. Virtual reality, a mobile application, and a videogame were used in three studies and obtained beneficial results in pain and anxiety. The studies included in this review suggest that new technologies can be used as an innovative form of non-pharmacological intervention with therapeutic benefits.
Design and experimental research of video detection system for ship fire

In order to make up for the shortcomings of traditional fire detectors and improve the reliability of fire alarm, based on the Raspberry Pi hardware conditions and the Keras deep learning framework, this paper uses the lightweight direct regression detection algorithm YOLO v3tiny to implement a small local video identification system for ship fire. Based on video test and fire simulation, the RpiFire system has achieved high accuracy in high recall rate and can meet the needs of ship fire detection.
Genetics Insights in the Relationship Between Type 2 Diabetes and Coronary Heart Disease

Diabetes mellitus is a major risk factor for coronary heart disease (CHD). The major form of diabetes mellitus is type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2D), which is thus largely responsible for the CHD association in the general population. Recent years have seen major advances in the genetics of T2D, principally through ever-increasing large-scale genome-wide association studies. This article addresses the question of whether this expanding knowledge of the genomics of T2D provides insight into the etiologic relationship between T2D and CHD. We will investigate this relationship by reviewing the evidence for shared genetic loci between T2D and CHD; by examining the formal testing of this interaction (Mendelian randomization studies assessing whether T2D is causal for CHD); and then turn to the implications of this genetic relationship for therapies for CHD, for therapies for T2D, and for therapies that affect both. In conclusion, the growing knowledge of the genetic relationship between T2D and CHD is beginning to provide the promise for improved prevention and treatment of both disorders.
Comparative Transcriptome Analysis of Two Aegilops tauschii with Contrasting Drought Tolerance by RNA-Seq

As the diploid progenitor of common wheat, Aegilops tauschii is considered to be a valuable resistance source to various biotic and abiotic stresses. However, little has been reported concerning the molecular mechanism of drought tolerance in Ae. tauschii. In this work, the drought tolerance of 155 Ae. tauschii accessions was firstly screened on the basis of their coleoptile lengths under simulated drought stress. Subsequently, two accessions (XJ002 and XJ098) with contrasting coleoptile lengths were selected and intensively analyzed on rate of water loss (RWL) as well as physiological characters, confirming the difference in drought tolerance at the seedling stage. Further, RNA-seq was utilized for global transcriptome profiling of the two accessions seedling leaves under drought stress conditions. A total of 6969 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) associated with drought tolerance were identified, and their functional annotations demonstrated that the stress response was mediated by pathways involving alpha-linolenic acid metabolism, starch and sucrose metabolism, peroxisome, mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling, carbon fixation in photosynthetic organisms, and glycerophospholipid metabolism. In addition, DEGs with obvious differences between the two accessions were intensively analyzed, indicating that the expression level of DEGs was basically in alignment with the physiological changes of Ae. tauschii under drought stress. The results not only shed fundamental light on the regulatory process of drought tolerance in Ae. tauschii, but also provide a new gene resource for improving the drought tolerance of common wheat.
Evolving Therapeutic Options for Chronic Graft‐versus‐Host Disease

Despite improvements in prevention and treatment of acute graft‐versus‐host disease (GVHD), chronic GVHD (cGVHD) remains a significant contributor to morbidity and mortality of allogeneic transplant patients. Chronic GVHD remains a leading cause of late complications posttransplant and is impacted by donor‐, patient‐, and transplant‐related (hematopoietic cell transplant [HCT]) factors. Advances in the biological understanding of cGVHD have provided opportunities to improve clinical interventions for prevention and treatment. Expansion of posttransplantation cyclophosphamide beyond haploidentical HCTs has transformed alternative donor, matched, and mismatch GVHD outcomes and is currently being investigated in two upcoming clinical trials network prophylaxis studies. Although corticosteroids remain the cornerstone therapy, several clinical trials are prospectively investigating the utility of using novel agents in combination with corticosteroids as upfront therapy to mitigate prolonged steroid exposure. Several treatment options for patients with steroid‐refractory cGVHD are currently being investigated, and advances have resulted in ibrutinib becoming the first cGVHD agent approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration. We review recent advances in understanding of cGVHD pathophysiology and new approaches for the prevention and treatment of cGVHD.
Screening of wild Oryza species against bacterial leaf blight (Xanthomonas oryzae py. oryza) pathotypes of Punjab (India)

One-hundred and sixty-seven accessions belonging to 13 wild Oryza species were screened against the bacterial leaf blight (BB) pathogen (Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryza) in Punjab, India. Nine species were identified as carrying resistant genes against the four most prevalent pathotypes under conditions in Punjab. These included O. barthii (eight accessions), O. longistaminata (five accessions), O. meridionalis (three accessions), O. nivara (five accessions), O. rufipogen (two accessions), and one accession each from O. punctata, O. minuta, O. malampuzhaensis and O. latifolia. This is the first report showing the availability of BB resistance in two species namely, O. meridionalis and O. punctata. The resistant accessions, especially those with a similar genome (AA) could potentially be used for the transfer of BB resistance to well-adapted high-yielding rice cultivars.