Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Technological and integrated approaches for practical and rapid assessment of compaction in agricultural soils: a review.

Soil compaction is a worldwide issue for agricultural production (Soane and van Ouwerkerk 1995) and is considered the utmost impact of modern agriculture on the environment (McGarry 2003). The importance of this issue is only heightened by challenges placed on agricultural industries to produce more food and fibre in an efficient manner, and with less land resource, in order to meet the demands of a growing world population (Fraiture et al. 2007). To address more accurate determination of soil structural deformation due to soil compaction, effort needs to be concentrated on more accurate input data for models and more accurate direct sensing by reducing assumptions associated with isotropic medium and homogenous soil state behaviours.
Chemical-physical characteristics of buffalo (Bubalus bubalis) meat subjected to different aging times

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of different aging times on the meat characteristics from young Murrah buffaloes slaughtered at 20–24 months of age (experiment I; n=10) and Murrah buffalo heifers slaughtered at 32-36 months of age (experiment II; n=10), with the purpose of determining the best aging time to tenderize meat from both experiments. Samples of the longissimus thoracis muscle from buffaloes slaughtered at each age were aged for 7, 14, and 21 days (0±1°C). After this period, analysis of cholesterol, pH, cooking loss, shear force, myofibrillar fragmentation index, meat color, and fatty acid profile was performed. Aging greatly improved the tenderness (p 0.05), was considered very noticeable to the human eye. Furthermore, aging reduced the polyunsaturated fatty acids (p 0.05) in the meat of young buffalo and buffalo heifers of advanced age. Based on the evaluated meat characteristics, concludes that seven days of aging are sufficient for older buffalo heifers, but 21 days of aging are required for the younger male group.
Polycrystallinity and Grain Size Effects on Tensile and Creep Behaviour of Tungsten Nanomaterial

Though use of Tungsten (W) as nanomaterial has been increasing there is lack of knowledge on its failure behaviour and other mechanical properties at nanoscale. In order to investigate plasticity and creep mechanism at the nanoscale, single and polycrystalline nanowires and nanocubes of W are studied in this work. In case of single and polycrystalline nanowire, diameter, temperature, loading orientation, and grain size are varied to see the resulting impact on the deformation mechanism using EAM potential and a constant strain rate of 109 s−1. Results of the analyses indicate domination of twinning deformation over dislocation in single crystal nanowires. However, in polycrystalline nanowires, the failure mechanism is governed by the twin-grain boundary interaction. Additionally, strength of polycrystalline nanowires follow inverse Hall-Petch rule. In the latter part of the thesis, nature of creep in nanocrystalline tungsten and factors that govern creep mechanism such as grain size, temperature, and applied stress are studied through atomistic simulations. From the simulations, it has been observed that the creep mechanism in nanocrystalline tungsten is contingent on the applied stress as the creep mechanism varies from lattice diffusion to grain boundary diffusion creep eventually to dislocation-creep with higher stress. Moreover, temperature and grain ref nement seem to aid the creep phenomenon at the nanoscale. It is also identif ed that for very large values of stress and temperature, the power-law fails to def ne the creep in nc-tungsten. To quantify the propensity and mechanism of creep in nanocrystalline tungsten, stress and grain size exponents are determined in addition to the time evolution of strain and mean square displacement. Finally, atomistic features of deformation are analyzed which evince the simulation results.
Bayesian Semi-Parametric Regression Analysis of Childhood Malnutrition in Gamo Gofa Zone: The Social and Economic Impact of Child Undernutrition

Major progress has been made over the last decades in reducing the prevalence of malnutrition amongst children less than 5 years of age in developing countries. Approximately 27% of children under the age of 5 in these countries are still malnourished. This work focuses on the childhood malnutrition in Gamo Gofa Zone, Ethiopia. This study examined the association between demographic and socioeconomic determinants and the malnutrition problem in children less than 5 years of age using Data obtained from both rural and urban sampled surveys conducted in sample Woredas from December 1 to January 5, 2013. The study on the Child undernutrition and underweight prevalence in Gamo Gofa has allowed us to quantify the negative impacts of child undernutrition in both social and economic terms. The results revealed that as many as 75% of all cases of child undernutrition and its related pathologies go untreated. It is also observed that about 35% of the health costs associated with undernutrition occur before the child turns 1 year-old. Generally, The results of the analysis show that place of residence, employment status of mother, employment status of partners, educational status of mothers, diarrhea, household economic level and source of drinking water were found to be the most important determinants of health/nutritional status of children. The study revealed that socio-economic, demographic and health and environmental variables have significant effects on the nutritional and health status of children in Ethiopia.
Effects of Fennel Extract on Egg Production, Antioxidant Status and Bone Attributes of Laying Hens Administered Carbon Tetrachloride

This study was conducted to investigate the effects of fennel ethanol extract on egg production, serum parameters, and bone attributes of laying hens administered carbon tetrachloride (CCl4). A total of 192 Hy-Line W-36 laying hens were assigned to four treatments of four replications in a completely randomized design for 9 weeks (36-44 weeks of age). Experimental groups consisted of 1) positive control (PC) diet (basal diet only), 2), negative control (NC) diet (basal diet + 30 mL CCl4/kg diet), 3) NC diet plus 50 mg fennel extract/kg diet (50F), 4) NC diet plus 100 mg fennel extract/kg diet (100F). Egg production and feed intake were recorded weekly. At the end of the experiment, blood samples were collected and bone mineralization and strength were measured. The higher dose of fennel extract (100 mg) increased (P < 0.05) egg production and feed intake, and decreased (P < 0.05) cracked egg percentage compared to positive control group. Serum concentrations of Ca and P were also higher in this group (P < 0.05) while the lipid levels and activities of hepatic enzymes in the serum were lower (P < 0.05). This group also had improved (P < 0.05) Ca and P retention in tibia bone, and also greater tibia shear force and stiffness. However, these improvements did not restore the state to the same level as that observed in chickens in the positive control. In conclusion, supplementing 100 mg of fennel extract to diets of layers administered with CCl4 partially ameliorates the detrimental effects of CCl4, and also could improve egg production, serum parameters, and bone attributes.
Debate Over Rigor and Relevance in Scientific Study of Management

Abstract Purpose: This article provides a general review of the debate over rigor and relevance in academia, specifically in the scientific field of management. It seeks to contribute to the body of literature while emphasizing instances where the gap between rigor and relevance has been bridged, along with the role of business schools. Approach: This takes the approach of underscoring the most important works in the present literature regarding rigor and relevance, and then focusing on three points of emphasis: 1) role of business schools in the debate; 2) main points of contention; and 3) strongest examples of success in this field. Findings: The most important findings in this work indicate that the debate surrounding relevance and rigor still persists and may also be reaching a breaking point where the two sides of the debate cannot reconcile. Various proposed solutions to the debate are available but meaningful action has yet to be taken. Implications: The practical applications of this work are manifold. Scholars would have a clearer understanding of the environments in which their works are operating and practitioners would find academic works in management more accessible. Value: This work provides a description of both the points of contention in the rigor vs. relevance debate and the points of successful unification of the two.
Policy options for a decarbonisation of passenger cars in the EU : recommendations based on a literature review

In this policy paper we discuss policy instruments which can help to decarbonise passenger cars in the European Union. We elaborate to what extent these policy instruments are effective, technology-neutral, predictable, cost-effective and enforceable. Based on these criteria, we develop recommendations for the European Union and its Member States on (1) how to shape their policy frameworks in order to achieve existing climate change mitigation targets; (2) how to support car manufacturers in selling innovative and competitive products; and (3) how to encourage consumers in Europe to purchase appropriate vehicles. We conclude that favourable policy instruments are used, but there is a strong need for adjustment and further development. The effectiveness of the current EU emission standard should be further increased by turning away from granting "super-credits" and introducing a size-based (instead of weight-based) credit system. Moreover, its overall ambition is questionable and the existing compliance mechanisms should be sharpened. Fuel taxes are an effective means to push consumers to buy energy-efficient cars. However, a sharp increase may not have the desired effects. Instead, the Member States should harmonise their excise duties at the level of those Member States, which currently impose the highest taxes (Netherlands, Italy). This includes the abolition of any diesel tax bonus. An introduction and harmonisation of vehicle taxes (purchase and circulation) should be based on a vehicle's energy consumption. Additionally, reformation efforts should aim to change the taxation of company cars in a way that vehicle sizes are reduced over time. Ambitious Member States may also want to introduce a sales quota for electric vehicles. Sales quotas are a very cost-effective policy instrument provided that the mandated technology will achieve a certain market share. This may be assumed for battery-electric vehicles. Further supportive instruments that should be considered are eco-labelling, public procurement and purchase incentives. However, the latter instrument's effectiveness is debatable and its implementation should therefore not be a Member State's priority.
THE IMPORTANCE OF THE INTERNET IN DEVELOPMENT OF RURAL TOURISM IN SERBIA

The Internet presents one of the most important media in data transferring and its use is constantly growing. Almost 40% of the Serbian population uses the Internet and more than 3 million inhabitants have active profiles on Facebook. Serbia has been registered on the Internet since 1996. According to numerous research, tourism, just like a Serbian tourist offer, is part of that service category whose presentation, distribution and purchase are greatly carried out on the Internet. At the early beginning of the rural tourism development, a limited number of households were involved in this type of tourism and later it has grown massively due to the Internet and tourism associations advancement. During 2014, Serbia made 2200 overnight stays showing its position in the first phase of the rural tourism development. The National Tourism Organisation of Serbia has included this type of tourism, which has been neglected for over the past fifty years, giving it priority in its programme. Due to the website www.selo. rs, National Association of Rural Tourism of Serbia has become an active representative in the European Federation of Rural Tourism Development. Today, many social networks have great importance in promoting tourism services.
Coordination Processes in International Organisations: The EU at the International Labour Conference in 2005

The EU is not a member of the International Labour Organisation (ILO), but relatively elaborate EU coordination takes place anyway. This paper addresses two research questions: 1) How is it possible to evaluate the coordination of the EU in its specific observable configuration in the ILO? , and 2) To what outcome does this coordination lead and why? Based on an analysis of EU coordination before and during the International Labour Conference in 2005, and on a comparison with coordination processes of the IMEC group, it is found that the Commission and the Presidency act as twin-agents vis-a-vis their principals, the Member States. The Commission is the leading agent in the phase leading up to the Conference; the Presidency then takes over. On the one hand, due to the Treaty obligations and their interpretations by the Court of Justice, both the Presidency and the Commission are kept within tight limits by the principals. On the other hand, both before and during the Conference, the Member States accept the so-called discursive coordination of the Commission, which seems to be of great (but often neglected) importance. Owing to the organisational set-up in which coordination takes place, the EU is able to coordinate relatively elaborate agreements due to the strength of its coordination as far as professional or technical and political activities (excepting the ILO budget) are concerned. In other more clear-cut or 'simple' policy areas such as the ILO budget, the EU coordination is weak: this contrast with the strong coordination of the IMEC.
ON TWO ALGORITHMS USED IN WEB STRUCTURE MINING

Due to the continuous growth and spread of the internet using Web Mining to improve the quality of different services has become a necessity. Web Mining is nothing else than applying data mining techniques and algorithms on web data. In this work we present two algorithms used in Web Structure Mining namely Page Rank and HITS. Both algorithms draw their origin from social networks analysis and they are modeled based on the Theory of Markov Chains. Page Rank is used by the search engine GOOGLE and HITS by the search engine CLEVER. We present their strengths, weakness and other areas of applicability.
Contrasting Clients in Dialectical Behavior Therapy for Borderline Personality Disorder: "Marie" and "Dean," Two Cases with Different Alliance Trajectories & Outcomes

Dialectical Behavior Therapy (DBT; Linehan, 1993a) has garnered a strong evidence base to support its efficacy in treating borderline personality disorder (BPD). Despite this, some clients do not benefit from evidenced-based approaches. There is a recent emphasis on identifying the processes and mechanisms of DBT in order to improve treatment outcomes. This report describes the course of treatment for two individuals who were treated with one-year of standard, outpatient DBT in the context of a randomized control trial. The two clients were selected because (1) both reported poor initial alliances, and (2) they had different outcomes. The first case, "Marie," showed considerable change across a broad range of outcomes whereas the second case, "Dean," made only limited treatment gains. The two cases are contrasted in order to highlight potential factors that may have contributed to the different alliance trajectories and outcomes. We explore several hypotheses to help to explain the relationship between treatment outcome and client characteristics, the therapeutic alliance, the consultation team, and the research context.
Usefulness of Moving Average Based Trading Rules in India

The paper analyzes benefits of moving average based trading rules in India for the period December 2000 to November 2010 covering a period of ten years. We used two stock indices namely Nifty and Junior nifty, jointly they cover top 100 stocks traded in Indian market. It is found that many trading rules offer profit opportunity without trading costs, but the profit vanishes when trading costs are accounted. We therefore estimated breakeven trading cost for each trading rules and found that it is very difficult to trade below breakeven trading cost and accordingly, small investors need to keep an eye on trading cost before selecting trading rule. A large number of models were developed by the practitioners to exploit the trading opportunity in the financial market but the successes of these models varied from case to case. Analysis of financial markets for identifying investment opportunity is generally divided into two distinctive paths: fundamental analysis and technical analysis. Fundamental analysts take trading decisions based on underlying economic reasons affecting a particular stock. Technical analysts believe that all the causes that can affect a market at any given time are already factored into that market's price. With the assumption that the current price fully discounts all the information available in a market, technical analysis, ignores economic issues. Instead, they use various technical charts and forecasting theories to analyze market trend. Historical market data is analyzed to identify development of any repetitive patterns, and if found, it is used to detect current market trend. Though fundamental analysis and technical analysis analyze the markets from two distinctive angles, both the methods try to identify and forecast the market trend and create trading signals with the hope of making a profit. In the study, we analyzed application of few technical trading indicators based on moving averages. 2. Literature Survey The main premises on which the Technical Analysis is based are: a) Everything what can affect at the price of any asset is discounted and built-in in this price; b) Prices move in tendencies; and, c) History always is repeated. These bases contradict the weak form of the Hypothesis of Efficient Market and many studies showed evidence that the Technical Analysis is useless to earn a return adjusted by risk that outperform a simple buy and hold trading strategy. According to Bachelier (1900), prices do not follow any pattern and that the movements of the past prices cannot be used to predict the movements of the future prices. He inferred that the mathematical expectation of the speculator is zero. Fama (1965) found that a strategy based on a system of filters could not give better result in comparison to buy and hold strategy and coined the term "Market Efficiency". Levy (1971) analyzed 32 investment strategies based on graph plots, and inferred that the strategies cannot give returns superior to those of the market.
A Multimoment Bulk Microphysics Parameterization. Part II: A Proposed Three-Moment Closure and Scheme Description

Abstract Many two-moment bulk schemes use a three-parameter gamma distribution of the form N(D) = N0Dαe−λD to describe the size spectrum of a given hydrometeor category. These schemes predict changes to the mass content and the total number concentration thereby allowing N0 and λ to vary as prognostic parameters while fixing the shape parameter, α. As was shown in Part I of this study, the shape parameter, which represents the relative dispersion of the hydrometeor size spectrum, plays an important role in the computation of sedimentation and instantaneous growth rates in bulk microphysics schemes. Significant improvement was shown by allowing α to vary as a diagnostic function of the predicted moments rather than using a fixed-value approach. Ideally, however, α should be an independent prognostic parameter. In this paper, a closure formulation is developed for calculating the source and sink terms of a third moment of the size distribution—the radar reflectivity. With predictive equations for the mass c.
Yeasts in amphibians are common: isolation and the first molecular characterization from Thailand

A survey of the presence of yeasts in frogs and toads in Thailand was conducted using standard mycological examination techniques. The results, which were confirmed with molecular techniques, revealed the presence of five yeast species – Cryptococcus liquefaciens, C. heveanensis , Pseudozyma hubeiensis, Rhodotorula mucilaginosa and R. minuta – in the bile of these amphibians. Although previous works have isolated yeasts from amphibian gastrointestinal tracts and skin, it is questionable whether these yeasts were acquired by ingestion or were commensals on adult individuals. Frog farms, an urban area and protected natural areas were surveyed and all tested positive for yeasts, which shows their ubiquity in both wild and farm-reared frogs. Additionally, the finding of yeasts in five different species of frogs and toads shows that there is a wide spectrum of hosts in this vertebrate group. Our results thus suggest that yeasts are likely to be widespread among amphibians in different habitat types and in a wide range of host species.
Separating Municipalities Regarding Their Financial Performance—Evidence From Greece

Municipalities are autonomous economic and administrative entities, with common actions and responsibilities. Additionally, all Municipalities are quite different considering specific characteristics, such as geographic, demographic, and economic. The aim of this research is to separate the entire sample of Municipalities in Greece into categories, based on the effectiveness of financial management and financial performance into effective and ineffective ones. This investigation is substantial because it is very interesting in-depth observation of current situation of the financial management capabilities of Municipalities, and additionally because it is crucial to extract the differences in specific characteristics between economical efficient and inefficient Municipalities. For the separation of the sample into groups, cluster analysis was preferred. For this reason, three variables were used: the lending capacity of the municipality, flexibility in making non-investment costs, and flexibility in investment spending. These three variables were considered to be the key dimensions of effectiveness in financial management and therefore their use, representatively describes the effectiveness or not of Greek Municipalities. In this study, it investigated the existence of differences between the characteristics of these two categories. The features are “how Municipalities are working with specialist consultants” and “how Municipalities are using modern technologies”. The main objective is to investigate the influence of these two characteristics in the efficiency of managing financial resources.