Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A Ka band FMCW Transceiver front-end with 2GHz bandwidth

A fully integrated Ka band FMCW single-chip radar transceiver front-end is proposed in 65nm CMOS technology. By utilizing VCO with multi-biasing varactor banks, the critical bandwidth and linearity have been improved. To address the challenges of losses and complexities in LO distribution chain, a three-way power divider using distributed active transformer is proposed and implemented to split the input differential signals to three differential ones. The transceiver demonstrates 4.4 dBm output power, 2 GHz bandwidth with 7.5 cm range resolution, 5.9-7.5 dB double side band noise figure at 4 MHz, and less than 10.2 dB NF at 10 kHz. The whole transceiver front-end consumes 132 mW from 1.2V and 2.16 mm2 die size.
Evaluation of germplasm in Solanum section Lycopersicon for tomato taste improvement

The genetic potential of accessions from Solanum section Lycopersicon (S. lycopersicum L., S. lycopersicum var. cerasiforme, S. pimpinellifolium L., and S. habrochaites Knaap & Spooner) for breeding tomato taste has been studied in three environments with clonal replicates. The environment clearly affected the accumulation and level of variation of sugars and acids and derived variables through a direct effect. It seems that photosynthetically active radiation would exert a major effect on sugar accumulation while in the case of organic acids the effect of temperature might be more important. Even more, important genotype × environment interactions can considerably modify the real value of germplasm, being considerably higher in wild species. The environment affected not only mean contents but also the levels of variation. Thus, the need to develop multienvironmental screening programs is suggested to identify solid sources of variation. An important intraaccession variability was also found in wild germplasm, emphasizing the need to analyze a high number of plants per accession in order to identify sources of variation. Accessions with a significant genotypic contribution to the accumulation of sucrose within the Lycopersicon group were identified and may be interesting to analyze the regulation of vacuolar invertase. Accessions with different genotypic contributions to citric, malic, and glutamic acid accumulation have also been identified. These accessions will be valuable for the development of breeding programs considering the acid component of taste. Additionally, these genetic resources will be interesting to study the regulation of the tricarboxylic acid cycle and the gamma-aminobutyric acid shunt.
Interviewing Cybercrime Offenders

Research on cybercrime offending and victimization has increased dramatically over the past two decades, though qualitative scholarship on more technical offenses such as computer misuse has not kept pace with this broader trend. This research aims to identify potential best practices for researchers considering qualitative interviews as a method for researching computer misuse offenses, more commonly involving hacking techniques. The authors interviewed six experienced researchers who conducted qualitative examinations of active or incarcerated cybercriminals to understand their common experiences with recruitment, ways in which they interviewed research participants, ethical issues, and publishing their research. This analysis explores the difficulties associated with this area of research that are not typically discussed in the methods section of a research paper. The findings demonstrate the problems that emerge in research and the precautions researchers may need to take to protect themselves, their participants, and the research data.
Cambio tecnológico y tecnología comunitaria en El Valle Morelia-Queréndaro, Michoacán, México

Con el fin de reconocer el tipo de agricultura que se ha practicado en la region y la tecnologia utilizada, asi como los cambios que han tenido y las implicaciones que se desencadenaron al adoptar nuevas tecnologias, desde el uso de la yunta al del tractor, se describe la tecnologia agricola utilizada por tres comunidades del valle Morelia-Querendaro, con base en el instrumento, la tecnica y el conocimiento utilizados desde su conformacion. La investigacion se realizo durante los anos 2009 y 2010. Para su estudio se utilizo el metodo del informante clave con una entrevista semi-estructurada y un transepto. Se encontro la realizacion de practicas de cultivo utilizando la fuerza del hombre, la yunta, el tronco de caballos y mulas, mas el uso del tractor y la aplicacion de paquetes tecnologicos, cuyo principal promotor fue el gobierno, mediante la aplicacion de politicas publicas al campo: particularmente en las zonas irrigadas; y el abandono del cultivo del frijol como una consecuencia del uso de herbicidas. En la zona irrigada hizo su presencia la mecanizacion mediante el uso del tractor y una tendencia hacia el cultivo de forrajes, los cuales se integran a la ganaderia como un sistema de produccion. La potencia de los tractores existentes en la region, en "caballos de fuerza" (HP), rebasa en casi tres veces los requeridos para la cantidad de tierra arable, lo que implica una sub-utilizacion de la capacidad de trabajo de los tractores, los que se usan para las siembras por sus propietarios o por medio de maquila.
Endoparasites in birds of Guaribas Biological Reserve, Atlantic Forest, Paraíba state, Brazil

This paper describes the findings on endoparasites in Atlantic forest birds at Guaribas Biological Reserve, Paraiba State, Northeast of Brazil. We captured 151 birds with mist nets in ten field expeditions between July 2010 and June 2011 and studied bird endoparasites through blood and excreta samples. Blood samples were collected from 131 birds and excreta were collected from 48 birds. In blood smears, only Haemoproteus columbae was detected in three Columbiformes (2.29%) of the species Columbina talpacoti . Fecal samples were collected from 48 birds, and eggs of nematodes and oocysts of coccidian were detected in 6.25% of the samples: Spirurida (Nematoda) in Lanio cristatus (Thraupidae); Strongyloides sp. (Nematoda) in Momotus momota (Momotidae) and Isospora sp. (Protozoa, Eimeriidae) in Neopelma pallescens (Pipridae). There is limited information about the parasites of wild birds in the remaining fragments of Atlantic forest in Northeast of Brazil; however, such knowledge can help understanding these host-parasite interactions. Keywords: gastrointestinal parasites; Haemosporidia; protected area
Investigation of Combination Effect of Magnesium Oxide and Iron Oxide Nanoparticles on the Growth And Morphology of the Bacteria Staphylococcus Aureus and Escherichia Coli in Juice

Introduction: Nanoparticles (NPs) are one of the antibacterial substances, among them nanoparticles type MgO and Fe 2 O 3 are less toxic to mammalian cells. So, the aim of this study was investigation of combination effects of iron oxide and magnesium oxide nanoparticles on the growth of Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli (E.coli) to achieve the optimum combination of nanoparticles inhibit the growth of Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli in food (juice). Methods: In this experimental research, the effect of MgO and Fe 2 O 3 Nanoparticles compound on Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli bacteria in liquid environment was investigated, and then their effect was investigated separately in juices of carrot, pomegranate and apple via colony count approach. Also, scanning electron microscopy was used to characterize the morphological changes of Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli after antimicrobial treatments. The results of the research were analyzed using one way ANNOVA. Results: The results of the research indicated that in liquid medium, these nanoparticles lead to reduce the growth of both bacteria. compound of 1.5Mg+0.5Fe 2 O 3 was introduced as the most appropriate antibacterial compounds; Staphylococcus aureus sensitivity to Escherichia coli was higher against nanoparticles. The findings of research about the juices revealed that the combined effect of nanoparticles reduced the growth of both bacteria. the combined effect of Fe 2 o 3 and MgO nanoparticles treatments distorted and damaged the cell membrane, resulting in a leakage of intracellular contents and eventually the death of bacterial cells. Conclusion : Nanoparticles in the allowed concentrations have significant effect on Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli bacteria.
The influence of plant- and yeast-derived proteins on gushing in sparkling wine

The influence of proteins on gushing in sparkling wine was investigated. Comparative protein analysis of gushing and non-gushing sparkling wines with wines made from healthy and botrytized grapes revealed parallels between the gushing phenomenon und a B. cinerea infection. The yeast protein PAU5 was found to significantly degrade when B. cinerea infected grapes were used for vinification. A screening of sparkling wines showed that the absence of PAU5 from S. cerevisiae in sparkling wine is highly connected with the occurrence of gushing.
Penilaian Fungsi Taman Kota Sebagai Ruang Terbuka Publik di Kota Surabaya

Taman kota sebagai ruang terbuka publik seharusnya memiliki empat fungsi utama yaitu fungsi ekologi, fungsi sosial-budaya, fungsi ekonomi dan fungsi estetika. Kualitas sebuah taman kota dapat diketahui melalui keberhasilan fungsi taman kota tersebut. Hingga saat ini belum terdapat penilaian terukur terhadap keberhasilan fungsi taman kota terutama taman kota di Kota Surabaya. Untuk itu peneliti mengukur tingkat efektivitas fungsi taman kota sebagai ruang terbuka publik di Kota Surabaya. Penelitian ini terbagi kedalam tiga tahapan yaitu (1)mengidentifikasi fungsi taman kota berdasarkan karakteristik taman kota di Kota Surabaya dengan menggunakan metode analisa deskriptif statistik, (2)merumuskan kriteria yang menentukan fungsi taman kota sebagai ruang terbuka publik di Kota Surabaya dengan metode analisa expert judgement , (3)menilai tingkat efektivitas fungsi taman kota sebagai ruang terbuka publik di Kota Surabaya dengan metode analisa skoring. Hasil analisa menunjukkan bahwa (1)Taman Bungkul efektif untuk fungsi sosial-budaya dengan nilai efektivitas sebesar 2,5; (2)Taman Kebun Bibit Wonorejo cukup efektif untuk fungsi estetika dengan nilai efektivitas sebesar 2,4; (3)Taman Prestasi efektif untuk fungsi estetika dengan nilai efektivitas dengan nilai efektivitas sebesar 2,5; (4)Taman Flora efektif untuk fungsi estetika dengan nilai efektivitas sebesar 2,4 (5)Taman Mundu cukup efektif untuk fungsi ekonomi dengan nilai efektivitas sebesar 2,4. Semua kriteria penentuan fungsi taman kota tergolong efektif dan cukup efektif pada semua taman kota kecuali kriteria kegiatan mencari dan mengumpulkan hasil taman yang tidak efektif dengan nilai efektivitas sebesar 1,5 pada Taman Mundu.
IgG is differentially and selectively transferred across the placenta in HIV-infected women

SUMMARY The transplacental transfer of maternal IgG to the developing fetus is critical for infant protection against infectious pathogens in the first year of life. However, factors that modulate the transplacental transfer efficiency of maternal IgG that could be harnessed for maternal vaccine design remain largely undefined. HIV-infected women have impaired placental IgG transfer, yet the mechanism underlying this impaired transfer is unknown, presenting an opportunity to explore factors that contribute to the efficiency of placental IgG transfer. We measured the transplacental transfer efficiency of maternal HIV and other pathogen-specific IgG in historical U.S. (n=120) and Malawian (n=47) cohorts of HIV-infected mothers and their HIV- exposed uninfected and HIV-infected infants. We then examined the role of maternal HIV disease progression, infant factors, placental Fc receptor expression, and IgG Fc region subclass and glycan signatures and their association with transplacental transfer efficiency of maternal antigen-specific IgG. We established 3 distinct phenotypes of placental IgG transfer efficiency in HIV-infected women, including: 1) efficient transfer of the majority of antigen-specific IgG populations; 2) generally poor IgG transfer phenotype that was strongly associated with maternal CD4+ T cell counts, hypergammaglobulinemia, and frequently yielded non-protective levels of vaccine-specific IgG; and 3) variable transfer of IgG across distinct antigen specificities. Interestingly, maternal IgG characteristics, such as binding to placentally expressed Fc receptors FcγRIIa and FcγRIIIa, IgG subclass frequency, and Fc region glycan profiles were associated with placental IgG transfer efficiency. These maternal IgG transplacental transfer determinants were distinct among different antigen-specific IgG populations. Our findings suggest that in HIV-infected women, both maternal disease progression and Fc region characteristics modulate the selective placental transfer of distinct IgG subpopulations, with implications for both the health of HIV-exposed uninfected infants and maternal vaccine design. Highlights Low peripheral blood CD4 + T cell count and hypergammaglobulinemia are associated with inefficient transplacental IgG transfer in HIV-infected women Antigen-specific IgG binding strength to placentally-expressed Fc receptors, but not placental Fc receptor expression levels, mediates selective placental IgG transfer Antigen-specific IgG Fc region glycan profiles also contribute to the selective placental IgG transfer of maternal IgG populations in HIV-infected women
A two-step mechanism for the inactivation of microtubule organizing center function at the centrosome

Summary During mitosis, the centrosome acts as a microtubule organizing center (MTOC), orchestrating microtubules into the mitotic spindle through its pericentriolar material (PCM). This activity is biphasic, cycling through assembly and disassembly during the cell cycle. Although hyperactive centrosomal MTOC activity is a hallmark of some cancers, little is known about how the centrosome is inactivated as an MTOC. Analysis of endogenous PCM proteins in C. elegans revealed that the PCM is composed of distinct protein territories that are removed from the centrosome at different rates and using different behaviors. Inhibition of PP2A phosphatases stabilized the PCM and perturbation of cortical pulling forces altered the timing and behavior by which proteins were removed from the centrosome. These data indicate that PCM disassembly is a two-step process, beginning with a phosphatase-dependent dissolution of PCM proteins followed by the ejection of ruptured PCM by cortical forces, ultimately inactivating MTOC function at the centrosome.
INNOVATION AND USER BEHAVIOR FOR ENHANCEMENT IN BIKE SHARING PROGRAMME

Bike sharing is one of the fastest growing transportation mode for its environmental and economical benefits. Originated in Europe, more bike sharing programmes start up annually in major cities in the world. Hong Kong has its first bike sharing system in 2017. This paper first identifies usages and operational problems of bike sharing within the existing systems and examines how innovation in user behavior can enhance and improve the relationship between bike sharing entrepreneurs and citizen’s interest in sports facilities. By looking deeply into how innovation in bike sharing can change the mobility in the city, improving traffic network and connectivity in the urban setting, this study will identify key issues related to user behavior and other mis-use which lead to failure of most bike sharing operations. In essence, business operations, traffic departments and citizens can benefit from the insight of this study. By utilizing research methods such as case studies and questionnaire survey, the research compares and contrasts operational issues between Asian cities such as Hong Kong, Taiwan and Singapore. In addition, questionnaire survey will identify major bike usage pattern in daily commute use and therefore can shed light to the impact of bicycle mis-use and rationale. By identifying transportation pattern in high-density cities with relationship with urban amenities such as parking facilities, the research findings gained from this paper can be beneficial to other small and big business operators as well as city planners on how innovation can help or develop better bike-sharing systems. Article DOI: https://dx.doi. org/10.20319/mijst.2018. 41.1025 This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-Non-commercial 4.0 International License. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ or send a letter to Creative Commons, PO Box 1866, Mountain View, CA 94042, USA.
Knowledge and perceptions of tuberculosis transmission and prevention among physicians and nurses in three Brazilian capitals with high incidence of tuberculosis

1. Programa de Pós-Graduação em Clínica Médica, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro (RJ) Brasil. 2. Fundação de Medicina Tropical do Amazonas Dr. Heitor Vieira Dourado, Manaus (AM) Brasil. 3. Universidade do Estado do Amazonas, Manaus (AM) Brasil. 4. Centro de Pesquisa Aggeu Magalhães, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Recife (PE) Brasil. 5. Centre for International Health, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand. 6. Respiratory Epidemiology & Clinical Research Unit – RECRU – McGill University, Montreal, Canada. 7. Instituto de Medicina Social, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro (RJ) Brasil. a. http://orcid.org/0000-0001-9034-3311; b. http://orcid.org/0000-0003-4638-2166; c. http://orcid.org/0000-0002-7140-7145; d. http://orcid.org/0000-0002-4999-4160; e. http://orcid.org/0000-0002-7006-0549; f. http://orcid.org/0000-0003-1601-4514; g. http://orcid.org/0000-0002-4000-4984 TO THE EDITOR:
Comments on “Dropping Activation Outputs with Localized First-Layer Deep Network for Enhancing User Privacy and Data Security”

Inference based on deep learning models is usually implemented by exposing sensitive user data to the outside models, which of course gives rise to acute privacy concerns. To deal with these concerns, Dong et al. recently proposed an approach, namely the dropping-activation-outputs (DAO) first layer. This approach was claimed to be a non-invertible transformation, such that the privacy of user data could not be compromised. However, In this paper, we prove that the DAO first layer, in fact, can generally be inverted, and hence fails to preserve privacy. We also provide a countermeasure against the privacy vulnerabilities that we examined.
The Law-Technology Cycle and the Future of Work

Features of the 'fourth industrial revolution', such as platforms, AI and machine learning, pose challenges for the application of regulatory rules, in the area of labour law as elsewhere. However, today's digital technologies have their origins in earlier phases of industrialisation, and do not, in themselves, mark a step change in the evolution of capitalism, which was, and is, characterised by successive waves of creative destruction. The law does not simply respond to technological change; it also facilitates and mediates it. Digitalisation, by permitting the appropriation of collective knowledge, has the capacity to undermine existing forms of regulation, while creating the space for new ones. It may erode the position of some professions while enabling others, complementary to new technologies, to emerge. It is unlikely to bring about the redundancy of forms of labour law regulation centred on the employment relationship. We appear to reaching a point in the law-technology cycle where push-back against regulatory arbitrage can be expected.
The birth and growth of the protein folding nucleus : studies of protein folding focused on critical contacts, topology and ionic interactions.

Proteins are among the most complex molecules in the cell and they play a major role in life itself. The complexity is not restricted to just structure and function, but also embraces the protein folding reaction. Within the field of protein folding, the focus of this thesis is on the features of the folding transition state in terms of growing contacts, common nucleation motifs and the contribution of charged residues to stability and folding kinetics. During the resent decade, the importance of a certain residue in structure formation has been deduced from Φ-value analysis. As a complement to Φ-value analysis, I present how scatter in a Hammond plot is related to site-specific information of contact formation, Φ´(βTS), and this new formalism was experimentally tested on the protein L23. The results show that the contacts with highest Φ growth at the barrier top were distributed like a second layer outside the folding nucleus. This contact layer is the critical interactions needed to be formed to overcome the entropic barrier. Furthermore, the nature of the folding nucleus has been shown to be very similar among proteins with homologous structures and, in the split β-α-β family the proteins favour a two-strand-helix motif. Here I show that the two-strand-helix motif is also present in the ribosomal protein S6 from A. aeolicus even though the nucleation and core composition of this protein differ from other related structure-homologues. In contrast to nucleation and contact growth, which are events driven by the hydrophobic effect, my most recent work is focused on electrostatic effects. By pH titration and protein engineering the charge content of S6 from T. thermophilus was altered and the results show that the charged groups at the protein surface might not be crucial for protein stability but, indeed, have impact on folding kinetics. Furthermore, by site-specific removal of all acidic groups the entire pH dependence of protein stability was depleted.
Impact of numerical choices on water conservation in the E3SM Atmosphere Model version 1 (EAMv1)

Abstract. The conservation of total water is an important numerical feature for global Earth system models. Even small conservation problems in the water budget can lead to systematic errors in century-long simulations. This study quantifies and reduces various sources of water conservation error in the atmosphere component of the Energy Exascale Earth System Model. Several sources of water conservation error have been identified during the development of the version 1 (V1) model. The largest errors result from the numerical coupling between the resolved dynamics and the parameterized sub-grid physics. A hybrid coupling using different methods for fluid dynamics and tracer transport provides a reduction of water conservation error by a factor of 50 at 1 ∘ horizontal resolution as well as consistent improvements at other resolutions. The second largest error source is the use of an overly simplified relationship between the surface moisture flux and latent heat flux at the interface between the host model and the turbulence parameterization. This error can be prevented by applying the same (correct) relationship throughout the entire model. Two additional types of conservation error that result from correcting the surface moisture flux and clipping negative water concentrations can be avoided by using mass-conserving fixers. With all four error sources addressed, the water conservation error in the V1 model becomes negligible and insensitive to the horizontal resolution. The associated changes in the long-term statistics of the main atmospheric features are small. A sensitivity analysis is carried out to show that the magnitudes of the conservation errors in early V1 versions decrease strongly with temporal resolution but increase with horizontal resolution. The increased vertical resolution in V1 results in a very thin model layer at the Earth's surface, which amplifies the conservation error associated with the surface moisture flux correction. We note that for some of the identified error sources, the proposed fixers are remedies rather than solutions to the problems at their roots. Future improvements in time integration would be beneficial for V1.