Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
N ov 2 01 2 A scale-covariant quantum space-time

A noncommutative space-time admitting dilation symmetry was briefly mentioned in the seminal work [1] of Doplicher, Fredenhagen and Roberts. In this paper we explicitly construct the model in details and carry out an in-depth analysis. The C∗-algebra that describes this quantum space-time is determined, and it is shown that it admits an action by ∗automorphisms of the dilation group, along with the expected Poincaré covariance. In order to study the main physical properties of this scale-covariant model, a free scalar neutral field is introduced as a investigation tool. Our key results are then the loss of locality and the irreducibility, or triviality, of special field algebras associated with regions of the ordinary Minkowski space-time. It turns out, in the conclusions, that this analysis allows also to argue on viable ways of constructing a full conformally covariant model for quantum space-time.
Compensatory Livestock Thievery: A New Trend in Economic Crime In Dilling/South Kordofan State (2014–2016)

“Compensatory livestock thievery” within the greater Dilling locality in South Kordofan State (SKS) is an economic crime that was born out of a war environment. In this form of crime, thieves steal animals, particularly cows, not for purposes of expropriation, but rather to return them to the owner for a fixed sum of money, what may be defined as “greed monetary compensation. ” The phenomenon is driven by many factors, such as high rate of unemployment, poverty, financial difficulties among the youth, but is importantly linked to the recent history of war in the area and its consequences, such as proliferation of weapons and the collapse of social order. This new trend in crime has shaped the post-war socioeconomic transformation in greater Dilling. Motivated by observing socioeconomic dynamics in post-war areas, this study tries to investigate and trace the root causes and main drivers of this new type of economic crime. The main question of the study is whether compensatory livestock thievery is simply a variation of an old crime, or a new trend influenced by war and other socioeconomic factors. In a survey of those involved in the activity itself, most of the questions concentrated on the nature of the crime, its root causes, the way in which it happens, its outcomes, the parties involved, and the role of the government in the process.
Governance and Challenges of Development in Nigeria : Religious Perspective

A cursory look at Nigerian situation shows that despite the enormity of the resources needed for any country's development which Nigeria has in abundance, sustainable development has eluded the nation. This is as a result of Nigerian leaders' inability to account to the led despite government's efforts to arrest the situation. Consequently an attempt is made by this paper to highlight biblical principles as they concern governance with the view that its application will help tackle the challenging situation. Data for this work is mainly derived from the bible and other scholarly materials and internet. The analysis of data collected involves detailed description and interpretation of observed events. The findings suggested that for a sustainable development to be achieved in Nigeria, application of biblical principles such as love, good shepherding, justice and integrity in governance are crucial.
Role of the acquired immune response in the development of acute coronary syndrome

There are actually no strict criteria for the evaluation of the risk of acute coronary syndrome (ACS) development. Many clinical studies showed absence of dependence between severity of the coronary arteries stenosis and ischemic heart disease (IHD) clinical course, including possibility of the develop ment of its acute forms, and more than in 50 % cases acute myocardial infarction (MI) develops on the background of stenosis less than 50 %. Approximately in half or even 2/3 patients that died because of acute MI, IHD was not diagnosed vitally and sudden coronary death was the first and last of its manifestations. During recent years it became obvious that the reason of ACS development is neither the severity of stenosis nor the dimension of atherosclerotic plaque; the features of its structure and composi tion predict its instability. The propensity of the plaque to disruption is not directly related to the severity of the traditional risk factors, first of all – hypercholesterolemia (HCE) and increased low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL CH). It becomes more obvious that the most clear factor of both initiation and progression of atherosclerosis is inflammation, and the plaque destabilization is determined by high intensity of the chronic inflammatory process occurring in the damaged vascular wall. It is indicated in particular by the significant gradient of temperature between normal and damaged vascular segments which is more than one Celsius degree and reflects highintensity local inflammation. The similar temperature gradient was noted between stable and unstable, disrupting plaques [26]. Distinct differences in the structure of the plaque prone to disruption were also shown. It is characterized by the presence of a big necrotic lipid core, great amount of invaded macrophages and T-cells determining initiation and maintenance of the chronic inflammation. It coincides with less amount of vascular smooth muscle cells (SMC) capable to produce collagen and other components of extracellular matrix that increase the stability of atherosclerotic plaque. Transferring animals to diet with low lipid content or use of lipid-lowering treatment normalize plaque temperature along with decrease of lipids and macrophages content, though increased collagen doesn’t change plaque dimension and its propensity to disruption [26].
A management support framework for subtidal rocky- reef communities on the east coast of Tasmania

We developed a local and regional scale simulation model of the important dynamical features of seaweed-based rocky reef systems in eastern Tasmania. Climate-driven range extension of the spiny sea urchin (Centrostephanus rodgersii) from Australia's mainland into eastern Tasmanian waters presents a major threat to the productivity of subtidal rocky-reef communities because overgrazing of native seaweed beds by this sea urchin can create and maintain extensive areas of 'barrens' habitat. This causes major loss of production, biodiversity and physical structure. In particular, the two most valuable fisheries in Tasmania, blacklip abalone (Haliotis rubra) and southern rock lobster (Jasus edwardsii), are not commercially viable on C. rodgersii barrens. Additionally, the fishing depletion of large rock lobsters, the main natural predator of C. rodgersii, facilitates the establishment of urchin barrens. Based upon empirical observations, field experiments and information about larval dispersal derived from an ocean circulation model, we developed a model that captures the regional dynamics of temperate reef communities on the East coast of Tasmania. Our model is hierarchically structured as a connected network of local models, which can each produce ecosystem shifts from productive kelp bed to sea urchin barrens at the scale of individual reefs. Connectivity between local reefs essentially captures large-scale dispersal of C. rodgersii larvae. Through simulations, we test the effectiveness of alternative management options (reduction in lobster fishing, temporary no-take zones as a series of 'rolling closures' and harvesting of the urchin) to minimise the risk of serious ecological impacts of the invasive urchin, i.e. to maintain native reef communities in their original state or restore the productive seaweed habitat from the barren state. Through model forecasts, we assess the trade-off between alternative management strategies in terms of costs and benefits for the fisheries and risks of further sea urchin barrens formation. (Resume d'auteur)
Comparative efficacy of nanofilled and microfilled resin-modified glass ionomer as pits and fissure sealant in permanent molar teeth

The purpose of the present study was to compare the efficacy of nanofilled and microfilled resin- modified glass ionomer as pits and fissure sealants in permanent molar teeth. Ninety six teeth having fissure at the occlusal surface were randomly divided into two groups: Group I: Treated by nanofilled resin-modified glass ionomer sealant and Group II: Treated by microfilled resin- modified glass ionomer sealants. Clinical assessment was performed by modified Ryge´s criteria by means of retention, color match, marginal adaptation at 3, 6, and 12 months follow-up visit. Chi-square test was used for testing differences between the two groups; a value of p<0.05 was considered as statistically significant. The results revealed that at 12 months observation period, nanofilled resin-modified glass ionomer sealant showed better retention, color stability and marginal adaptation than that of microfilled resin-modified glass ionomer sealants. Furthermore, the differences between two groups in respect to marginal adaptation and color match were statistically significant (p<0.05). It can be concluded that nanofilled resin-modified glass ionomer sealant could be a better alternative to microfilled resin- modified glass ionomer sealant.
The effects of high-intensity interval training vs. moderate-intensity continuous training on serum irisin and expression of skeletal muscle PGC-1α gene in male rats

Background: It is known that irisin plays a role in regulating energy balance and body weight. Hence, the aim of this study was to evaluate the effects two models of high intensity interval training and moderate intensity continuous training on the irisin serum and peroxisome-proliferator-activated receptor co-activator-1α (PGC-1α) gene expression in skeletal muscle tissue of male rats. Methods: This experimental study was conducted in Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences during the summer months of 2016. In this study, 32 male Wistar rats (mean weight =250±55 g, age: 8 weeks) were randomly and equally were divided in to 4 groups: basic control (CO), control of eight weeks (CO8w), moderate intensity continuous training (MICT) and high intensity interval training (HIIT). CO group rats at baseline were killed and CO8w group was held concurrently with the experimental group but did not participate in any exercise training. HIIT and MIET groups for 8 weeks also did moderate continuous training (15-60 minute at 15-30 m/min) and sever intensity continuous training (4-8 one-minute intense interval of 28-58 m/min, with a 3-7 one-minute slow interval of 28-58 m/min). The enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) method for measuring serum irisin levels and real-time PCR method for the relative expression of mRNA of PGC-1α gene were used. The data were analyzed by one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Tukey's post-hoc test at P<0.05 level. All analyzes were performed using SPSS software, version 21 (SPSS Inc., Chicago, IL, USA). Results: The results showed that the relative expression of mRNA of PGC-1α gene significantly increased in both exercise groups compared to the control groups (P=0.001). In contrast, in comparison of control groups, neither HIIT nor MICT had no significant effects on serum irisin levels (P=0.20). Conclusion : The results show that the two methods of exercise training may be the upstream pathway's activation can increase transcription of the PGC-1α gene (a key regulator of energy metabolism and mitochondrial biogenesis) in skeletal muscle, but doesn't make a significant change in the levels of serum irisin. Abstract
Stratégies de prévention des accidents de l'enfant: des concepts à l'évaluation

L’accident est un evenement complexe aux acteurs multiples. La prevention fait appel a des strategies combinees alliant prevention passive (reglementation) et active (information, education a la sante). Le concept recent de promotion de la sante suggere une globalisation de cette prevention dans une demarche plus generale d’amelioration de la sante de l’individu dans son environnement. Ce concept est a la base du developpement de strategies communautaires permettant a chacun de participer activement a l’amelioration de sa sante et de degager des actions prioritaires tenant compte de specificites locales. Le choix des strategies de prevention ne peut s’exonerer des aspects politiques (soutien indispensable pour une action environnementale perenne), economiques (allocation optimale de ressources dans une vision de cout-efficacite) et ethiques (cibler les plus vulnerables).
Proof of a conjecture of Erdős about the longest polynomial

In 1939 P. Erdös conjectured that the Chebyshev polynomial T„(x) has a maximal arc-length in [-1, 1] among the polynomials of degree n which are bounded by 1 in [-1, 1]. We prove this conjecture for every natural n.
Deep-water corals: An overview with special reference to diversity and distribution of deep-water scleractinian corals

The polyphyletic term coral is defined as those Cnidaria having continuous or discontinuous calcium carbonate or horn-like skeletal elements. So defined, the group consists of seven taxa (Scleractinia, Antipatharia, Octocorallia, Stylasteridae, and Milleporidae, two zoanthids, and three calcified hydractiniids) constituting about 5080 species, 66% of which occur in water deeper than 50 m, i.e., deep water as defined in this paper. Although the number of newly described species of deep-water scleractinian corals appears to be increasing at an exponential rate, it is suggested that this rate will plateau in the near future. The majority of azooxanthellate Scleractinia is solitary in form, firmly attached to a substrate, most abundant at 200-1000 m, and consist of caryophylliids. Literature helpful for the identification of deep-water Scleractinia is listed according to 16 geographic regions of the world. A species diversity contour map is presented for the azooxanthellate scleractinian species, showing centers of high diversity in the philippine region, the western Atlantic Antilles, and the northwest Indian Ocean, and is remarkably similar to high diversity regions for shallow-water zooxanthellate Scleractinia. As suggested for shallow-water corals, the cause for the high diversity of deep-water scleractinian diversity is thought to be the result of the availability of large contiguous stable substrate, in the case of deep-water corals at depths of 200-1000 m (the area effect), whereas regions of low biodiversity appear to be correlated with a shallow depth of the aragonite saturation horizon.
An Analysis of the Factors That Influence Elders¡¯ Choice of Location and Housing

This study was aimed at determining the pull and push factors that influence elders' choices of housing and location. The study sample consisted of 150 seniors aged 60 years and older. The participants were selected by using “snowball sampling technique" and were included in a survey. It was found that the rate of participating elders who did not want to move from their current houses was higher than those who did. The rate of females who did not want to move was higher than that of males (p<0.001). The study results revealed that the most important push factor for elders who moved or considered moving was making plans for the place they wanted to live for the rest of their lives. The mean score of males at this point was found to be higher than that of the females (p<0.001). The main pulling factor among elders who wanted to stay in their houses was the feeling of security. The mean score of females at this point was higher than that of males (p<0.01).
Tight sportswear and physiological function - Effect on muscle strength and EMG activity -

It has been reported that tight sportswear could have complicated influence on physiological function of human body. The purpose of this present study was to investigate the effect of wearing gradient compression tights (GCT) on muscle strength and EMG activity during repeated isokinetic muscle contractions. Four healthy male undergraduate students performed maximal voluntary isokinetic concentric muscle contractions on biomechanical test and training systems with GCT and loose pants as control (Cont) respectively. During each test, the peak torque of extensor and flexor contractions and the surface electromyography (sEMG) of the rectus femoris and medial gastrocnemius was recorded simultaneously, the peak torque was recorded as an indicator of muscle strength, and the average amplitude and mean power frequency of sEMG were calculated as indicators of EMG activity. The results showed that: the peak torque decreased gradually during continuous muscle contractions both when the Cont and GCT were worn, average sEMG and mean power frequency declined along with the repetitions of muscle contractions for both wearing conditions, and the change tendency was consistence with that of peak torque. There was no obvious difference between the peak torque recorded wearing the Cont or wearing GCT, but when GCT were worn, average sEMG was lower and mean power frequency was higher than the Cont condition. In 24 samples obtained from four subjects, 80% of results showed the same trend. So we could make a conclusion that wearing GCT had no obvious effect on the improvement of muscle strength, but it would affect the EMG activity positivly.
Typologies of Crime in the Argentine Provinces. A Panel Study 2000-2008

This study examines the socioeconomic and deterrence determinants of crime in Argentina for different typologies of property crimes and crimes against person. We employ a panel of Argentinean regions over the years 2000-2008. Our econometric methodology follows GMM estimator commonly applied for dynamic panel data model. The results give evidence that unemployment has a positive and significant effect on total and property crimes but its impact depends on the typology of the offense. However it has no effect on crimes against person. The importance and the sign of Income per capita depend on the typology of the crime. Income inequality proved to be less important when explaining property crimes and crimes against person. The deterrence effects proxied by the arrest and sentence rates are always negative and very significant.
French TimeBank : un corpus de référence sur la temporalité en français (French TimeBank: a reference corpus on temporality in French)

Cet article a un double objectif : d’une part, il s’agit de présenter à la communauté un corpus récemment rendu public, le French Time Bank (FTiB), qui consiste en une collection de textes journalistiques annotés pour les temps et les événements selon la norme ISO-TimeML ; d’autre part, nous souhaitons livrer les résultats et réflexions méthodologiques que nous avons pu tirer de la réalisation de ce corpus de référence, avec l’idée que notre expérience pourra s’avérer profitable au-delà de la communauté intéressée par le traitement de la temporalité.
STELLAR CHEMICAL ABUNDANCES: IN PURSUIT OF THE HIGHEST ACHIEVABLE PRECISION

The achievable level of precision on photospheric abundances of stars is a major limiting factor on investigations of exoplanet host star characteristics, the chemical histories of star clusters, and the evolution of the Milky Way and other galaxies. While model-induced errors can be minimized through the differential analysis of spectrally similar stars, the maximum achievable precision of this technique has been debated. As a test, we derive differential abundances of 19 elements from high-quality asteroid-reflected solar spectra taken using a variety of instruments and conditions. We treat the solar spectra as being from unknown stars and use the resulting differential abundances, which are expected to be zero, as a diagnostic of the error in our measurements. Our results indicate that the relative resolution of the target and reference spectra is a major consideration, with use of different instruments to obtain the two spectra leading to errors up to 0.04 dex. Use of the same instrument at different epochs for the two spectra has a much smaller effect (∼0.007 dex). The asteroid used to obtain the solar standard also has a negligible effect (∼0.006 dex). Assuming that systematic errors from the stellar model atmospheres have been minimized, as in the case of solar twins, we confirm that differential chemical abundances can be obtained at sub-0.01 dex precision with due care in the observations, data reduction, and abundance analysis.
CFS Working Paper No . 2005 / 32 Do Consumers Choose the Right Credit Contracts ? *

A number of studies have pointed to various mistakes that consumers might make in their consumption-saving and financial decisions. We utilize a unique market experiment conducted by a large U.S. bank to assess how systematic and costly such mistakes are in practice. The bank offered consumers a choice between two credit card contracts, one with an annual fee but a lower interest rate and one with no annual fee but a higher interest rate. To minimize their total interest costs net of the fee, consumers expecting to borrow a sufficiently large amount should choose the contract with the fee, and vice-versa. We find that on average consumers chose the contract that ex post minimized their net costs. A substantial fraction of consumers (about 40%) still chose the ex post sub-optimal contract, with some incurring hundreds of dollars of avoidable interest costs. Nonetheless, the probability of choosing the sub-optimal contract declines with the dollar magnitude of the potential error, and consumers with larger errors were more likely to subsequently switch to the optimal contract. Thus most of the errors appear not to have been very costly, with the exception that a small minority of consumers persists in holding substantially sub-optimal contracts without switching. JEL Classification: G11, G21, E21, E51
Investigating ESL Adult Lexical Development with The Use of an Assistive Technology

The application of Assistive Technologies (AT) to support college students’ English Language development is a developing area of research. This investigation uses qualitative research to investigate the experiences of a small sample of ESL adult learners using a specific AT to assist with an English course, at a Western Canadian college. By teaching and supporting the Read and Write Gold (R&WG) program, ESL adult students demonstrate an overall benefit from learning the technology. Technological supports need to be researched further too continually grow and develop programs to meet the current needs of students and employers alike. The objective of this research was to determine if the use of AT increases ESL students’ self reported vocabulary acquisition.
Trends in website development based on the chosen functionalities in qualitative aspect

The aim of this paper is to examine the essential features of every good business website. This article presents the ways of improving both the efficiency of website and the performance of the system. The methodology is based on literature research and Internet resources, since those are the most up to date information sources about new trends in web page development. The key elements of a high quality website (including site characteristics) and crucial information that indicates the quality of the content were analyzed. Particular attention was devoted to the trends driving the future of websites that could result in significant image improvement without high expense. Most websites have flaws for a number of reasons, not only related to the limitation of resources, but also due to the ignorance or inattention of webmasters, so the website quality aspects in relation to new trends, identified in this paper, can be used as insights for the improvement of web pages’ quality.