Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
An automated measuring laboratory (VMLAB) in education

This paper presents and describes the opportunities for new technologies applied in the field of technical education.Specifically, it introduces VMLab system characterized by implementing tools of new Internet trends in measurementtechnology. Because this system is available to anyone who has an Internet connection, it belongs to the top ways ofobtaining practical education. Student using this VMLab system for e-Learning is to be helped to create simple or complexelectrical connections. He/she selects the individual devices and components from a previously defined library. These allowusers to compose various electric schemes and to make their measurements according to the teacher’s instructions. Fromthe educational point of view there is a great benefit for students that they can learn to work with real devices even withouthaving them physically available. Therefore, this system can be used without time, space and economic limitations. Itmeans it is very useful for the education of all motivated and talented students, regardless of their social background
Application of Elastic Full-Waveform Inversion on Blackfoot Data

Estimating a high resolution image of the subsurface has been always a challenge in the oilfield exploration. With advances in computational power, Full Waveform Inversion (FWI) has been proven as an efficient imaging tool of the subsurface since the first paper of Tarantola A. (1984). FWI consist basically of two major steps: Forward modeling and backward propagation of data residuals. Modelling of the seismic wave-field requires a numerical solution of the partial differential equations like finite difference method, finite element method and spectral elment method. In this research, We implement finite difference method for modeling the seismic data. The used seismic modeling methodology is described in details in chapter 2. Numerical optimization methods like quasi-Newton, Conjugate gradient and Steepest Descent have been used for fitting the synthetics with data to improve the accuracy of the solution (Chapter 3). We implemented the method using a real recorded seismic data from the Blackfoot oilfield in Alberta, Canada. The major challenge we faced in this research is to provide an accurate initial model to optimize better results. We applied FWI on the borehole seismic data and a new model was estimated from the borehole seismic data to be used as a starting model for inverting surface data. Chapter 4 shows, in details, the inversion of borehole seismic data while inversion of surface seismic data is described, in details, in chapter 5. This methodology helps to provide an accurate solution and better results. The resultant velocity models obtained from the application FWI on surface seismic data were used for Elastic Reverse Time Migration (ERTM) on the 2D seismic section and it was capable of developing a clearer image.
MILP for Optimizing Water Allocation and Reservoir Location: A Case Study for the Machángara River Basin, Ecuador

The allocation of water flowing through a river-with-reservoirs system to optimally meet spatially distributed and temporally variable demands can be conceived as a network flow optimization (NFO) problem and addressed by linear programming (LP). In this paper, we present an extension of the strategic NFO-LP model of our previous model to a mixed integer linear programming (MILP) model to simultaneously optimize the allocation of water and the location of one or more new reservoirs; the objective function to minimize only includes two components (floods and water demand), whereas the extended LP-model described in this paper, establishes boundaries for each node (reservoir and river segments) and can be considered closer to the reality. In the MILP model, each node is called a “candidate reservoir” and corresponds to a binary variable (zero or one) within the model with a predefined capacity. The applicability of the MILP model is illustrated for the Machángara river basin in the Ecuadorian Andes. The MILP shows that for this basin the water-energy-food nexus can be mitigated by adding one or more reservoirs.
SIMULATION OF HUMAN JUMPING - T ASK ALTERATION

INTRODUCTION The performance of maximal effort human jumping is an important aspect of many sporting skills. Some have used descriptive models to explain the segmental coordination pattern used by elite jumpers (Bobbert et al., 1988), while others have turned to forward dynamics models in which the kinematics of jumping are simulated (Pandy et al., 1991; van Soest et al., 1992). One interesting class of simulations are optimization models, in which the kinetic and kinematic profiles that generate an optimal movement outcome are predicted by optimizing an objective function associated with successful completion of the motion. Vertical jumping studies have become popular in part because the objective function is unambiguous the desired outcome is maximal jump height. In addition, optimal control models using 'bang-bang' control are relevant due to the maximal effort nature of these jumps (Pandy et al., 1991). Underlying these optimization studies is a basic question of interest to move­ ment scientists: How does the CNS coordinate the multi-segmented musculoskeletal system to successfully complete a motion? Jensen et al. (1991) examined segmental kinematics in maximal effort jumping under different task conditions in an attempt to describe features inherent in successful jumping. Subjects jumped at varying take-off angles, ranging from a vertical jump to a standing long jump (forward; horizontal). Using the timing of leg joint reversals as descriptive markers, a general proximal-to-distal coordination pattern was shown. The present investigation was undertaken to extend the scope of this 'task analysis' through optimization models. As a first step in this modeling scheme we constructed a simple model with extensor joint torque actuators. In this paper we report the basic coordination associated with different jumping tasks by examining the pattern of joint torque onset times.
Modeling of Asynchronous machines for stability analysis

This paper presents the results obtained when using three different models of the asynchronous machine. The first order model is used to determine the steady-state performance when the rotor of the machine is fed with different directand quadrature-axis components of control voltages. The third and fifth order models are simulated and implemented into PSCAD/EMTDC software. These models are used to determine the dynamic behavior of the asynchronous machine when it is connected to an infinite bus and operating with normal conditions. Also, they are used to determine the performance when the induction machine is subjected to three-phase symmetrical faults.
The Patient’s Perspective: Exploring Factors that Contribute to Recovery from Eating Disorders

Eating Disorders (EDs) are quite distinct and difficult to treat mental disorders. Remarkably, when reviewing studies on the recovery process of ED’s, the patients’ experience of the therapeutic process has rarely been taken into account. To address the issue of the patients perspective on their recovery a study was conducted among ED patients. The main aims of the study were to investigate treatment factors, according to the patients view, that contributed to their recovery. Also, if there was any significant improvement within the first six months of the treatment and whether subjective improvement was in accordance with objective ED improvement and finally possible, if any, differences between different diagnostic groups. Overall, four major conclusions were produced. First, most of the patients appreciate a structured therapy in a specialized unit for EDs with a caring therapist that can form a strong therapeutic alliance with them. Second, most of the patients regard as recovery a change that goes beyond ED symptomatology to a more “holistic” improvement. Third, the patients opinion on therapy and recovery is not influenced by the diagnosis of the ED. Finally, the opinion of the patient and the objective evaluation of recovery present more similarities than differences. recovery: regular
The RISCONA system: constructability appraisal through the identification and assessment of technical project risks sources

In construction management, constructability and risk analysis have never been methodologically and computationally integrated, leading to non-optimal construction knowledge implementation, stakeholders’ cooperation, choice of construction method, and risk-driven perception of key managerial concepts. In this paper, a methodology unifying constructability and risk analysis is delineated, where: (1) risk sources are derived with unsupervised machine learning, (2) actual projects’ data are collected and suitably correlated with the derived risk sources, and (3) the appraisal of constructability through the data-correlated risk sources is modelled with supervised machine learning. As the culmination of this modelling, the prototype software application RISCONA (RIsk Source-based CONstructability Appraisal) is presented, as a tool that can help construction managers in their decision-making regarding constructability and risk analysis.
Effect of mindfulness based on cognitive-behavioral therapy focusing on anger management regarding anxious thoughts among male students

Adolescence is accompanied by specific biological, cognitive, and identity changes. A decreased level of tolerance and identity anxieties are among the signs that can emerge during this period and affect students’ mental health and their quality of academic life. This study aimed to determine the effect of mindfulness based on cognitive-behavioral therapy focusing on anger management regarding anxious thoughts. This quasi-experimental study used a pretest-posttest design. The statistical population of this study included all male junior high school students studying at high schools in Chabahar. To this end, a corpus of 30 male junior high school students in Chabahar who obtained high scores on wells anxious thoughts inventory were randomly selected and then assigned to two groups of experimental and control (each constituting of 15 participants). The experimental group underwent 10 sessions of mindfulness-based cognitive behavioral anger management therapy and the control group did not receive such a therapy. To collect data for the present study, the wells anxious thoughts inventory was used. Results of the current study showed that the mean score of anxious thoughts obtained by the experimental group was significantly lower than that obtained by the control group in the posttest. The results of this study demonstrated that mindfulness-based cognitive behavioral anger management therapy can decrease anxious thoughts among.
DOCTOR OF MEDICAL SCIENCE DANISH MEDICAL BULLETIN

1) Jørgensen HS, Kammersgaard LP, Nakayama H, Raaschou HO, Larsen K, Hübbe P, Olsen TS. Treatment and rehabilitation on a stroke unit improves 5-year survival. A community-based study. Stroke 1999; 30(5):930-933. 2) Jørgensen HS, Kammersgaard LP, Houth J, Nakayama H, Raaschou HO, Larsen K, Hübbe P, Olsen TS. Who benefits from treatment and rehabilitation in a stroke Unit? A communitybased study. Stroke 2000; 31(2):434-439. 3) Kammersgaard LP, Jørgensen HS, Nakayama H, Reith J, Raaschou HO, Olsen TS. Leukocytosis in acute stroke: Relation to initial stroke severity, infarct size, and outcome: The Copenhagen stroke study. J Stroke Cerebrovasc Dis 1999; 8(4):259-263. 4) Kammersgaard LP, Rasmussen BH, Jørgensen HS, Reith J, Weber U, Olsen TS. Feasibility and safety of inducing modest hypothermia in awake patients with acute stroke through surface cooling: A case-control study: the Copenhagen Stroke Study. Stroke 2000; 31(9):2251-2256. 5) Kammersgaard LP, Jørgensen HS, Reith J, Nakayama H, Houth JG, Weber UJ et al. Early infection and prognosis after acute stroke: the Copenhagen Stroke Study. J Stroke Cerebrovasc Dis 2001; 10(5):217-221. 6) Kammersgaard LP, Jørgensen HS, Rungby JA, Reith J, Nakayama H, Weber UJ et al. Admission body temperature predicts long-term mortality after acute stroke: the Copenhagen Stroke Study. Stroke 2002; 33(7):1759-1762. 7) Kammersgaard LP, Jørgensen HS, Reith J, Nakayama H, Pedersen PM, Olsen TS. Shortand long-term prognosis for very old stroke patients. The Copenhagen Stroke Study. Age Ageing 2004; 33(2):149-154. 8) Kammersgaard LP, Olsen TS. Cardiovascular risk factors and 5-year mortality in the Copenhagen Stroke Study. Cerebrovasc Dis 2006; 21(3):187-193. SELECTED ABBREVIATIONS AND ACRONYMS HR: Hazard Ratio OR: Odds Ratio CI: Confidence Interval BI: Cerebral Infarction ICH: Primary Intracerebral Hemorrhage AF: Atrial Fibrillation AH: Arterial Hypertension DM: Diabetes Mellitus PAD: Peripheral artery disease IHD: Ischemic Heart Disease SSS: Scandinavian Stroke Scale NIHSS: National Institute of Health Stroke Scale MRI: Magnetic Resonance Imaging CT: Computerized Tomography CHD: Coronary heart disease SU: Stroke Unit GMW: General Medical Ward INR: International Normalized Ratio
Interrelation of technological, ecological and economic aspects of industrial development of Arctic mineral resources

The article studies the directions for expanding the innovative activity of the enterprises working with Arctic minerals and raw materials. It is shown that the influence of the scientific and technological progress on the efficiency of material usage, labour resources and other economic factors, as well as physical capital (fixed assets) of manufacturing enterprises may be reflected in the technological production coefficient. Based on the developed matrix of possible directions for enterprises’ technological development and the graphic model of the technological development life cycle, the foundations of a new direction in the economic analysis - the investment and innovation analysis - are formulated. Prospects of using the technological production coefficient have been identified and the main factors influencing the change in its values have been highlighted. It is shown that the influence of technological development on the enterprises’ activities efficiency is caused not only by objective, but also by subjective factors. The procedure for implementing the retrospective investment and innovation analysis is considered. Requirements for the economic efficiency assessment during the implementation of investment projects at Arctic enterprises working with the extraction and processing of mineral resources are formulated.
A protected area between subsistence and development

Conserving nature and managing protected areas are fraught with risks, especially when done against the preferences of local communities. The relative dependency of local communities on ecosystem services, perceptions of the economic potential of a protected area by the local population, and the belief that the locals will share in the potential benefits of the protected area determine whether the protected area will be opposed, tolerated or supported. Working from a sample of 686 interviews in Hoang Lien National Park in Vietnam the effective use of the park, the perception of the park and its management as well as the valuation of potential benefits are described. As various ethnicities are living in the core zone the analyses allow the consideration of various degrees of dependency on and perceptions of ecosystem services of the locals. The results show that the weak link in the intended development chain “protection – value of a protected area – better life for local population” is that an important part of the interviewees do not perceive that the local communities benefit from the national park. This implies that not only distribution of compensation payments but especially communications of the benefits (cash or local public goods) are core elements for sustainable conservation of natural resources.
An Investigation of Mental Health Professionals' Attitudes Towards Asylum Seekers.

Asylum Aid (1999) believes that asylum seekers tend to be represented as either victims or frauds. Papadopoulos (2001) believes that the majority of psychological literature constructs asylum seekers as 'traumatised victims' because most research involves NHS service users. From the available research it is difficult to draw meaningful conclusions about the experiences of relatively well functioning asylum seekers. To date this appears to be the first study that attempts to understand this group of asylum seekers. In-depth interviews were conducted with 13 adult asylum seekers who had been in the UK for at least one year. Participants were asked about their life stories, issues concerning life-changing events, coping strategies and external support and influences. The participants' personal narratives were analysed using interpretative phenomenological analysis. The analysis yielded three themes: comparison with others, finding a voice in UK systems, and relating to others. The first theme had three sub-themes concerning the subject of their comparisons: in the beginning, lost selves, and rebuilding their lives. From the second theme two distinct sub-themes emerged: silenced even in crisis, and heard and supported. The final theme concerned relating to family, and relating to social networks. All of the themes pertain to the emphasis of asylum seekers on present and future relationships rather than dwelling on past traumatic events. The asylum seekers in this study presented as hopeful rather than hopeless. Papadopolous (2001) believes this is an identity with which they are not often associated.
Scholarships or Student Loans? Subsidizing Higher Education in the Presence of Moral Hazard

Student loans, even income-contingent ones, are not optimal. Potential university students with the appropriate characteristics should be offered a scholarship, dependent on both need and merit. The award of the scholarship should be conditional on the choice of university degree, but students with a natural aptitude for studies that do not hold the prospect of a well paid job should not be pushed towards potentially more lucrative ones. The scheme should be financed by a graduate tax that re-distributes from the better paid to the academically more successful.
Thin AlGaAsSb Avalanche Photodiodes with Low Excess Noise

In photon-starved or high-speed applications, such as optical communications or medical imaging, where detection of weak light signals is required, avalanche photodiodes (APDs) are widely used. APDs with thin avalanche regions have shown low excess noise characteristics and high gain-bandwidth products. In this work, gain and excess noise of thin Al0.85Ga0.15As0.56Sb0. 44 (lattice-matched to InP substrates) p-i-n and n-i-p diodes with 100 and 200 nm avalanche regions have been measured for different carrier injection conditions. Very low excess noise values were obtained in p-i-n devices under pure electron injection, with effective ionisation ratios keff = 0.08-1. The AlGaAsSb electron ionisation coefficient was found to be higher than the hole ionisation coefficient�. A significant dead-space effect has been observed in such thin layers, reducing the excess noise. Recurrence equations were used to extract the ionisation coefficients and ionisation threshold energies for the electrons and holes in AlGaAsSb. In addition, simulations using recurrence equations were carried out to simulate gain and excess noise characteristics in p-i-n diodes with keff = 0.1, 0.01, and 0.001, for different light injection profiles. F(M) characteristics were found to be higher for mixed injection conditions than for pure electron injection. However, for extremely low keff materials, excess noise remains low up to large gain values even for the most severe cases of mixed injection. Randomly-generated ionisation path lengths (RPL) simulations were also carried out to track the carriers initiating impact ionisation, and the sharp increase in F(M) characteristics was attributed to an increase in the number of hole-initiated ionisation events. Signal-to-noise (SNR) and noise-equivalent power (NEP) were calculated for APDs with keff = 0.1, 0.01, and 0.001, highlighting the interest of using avalanche gain to increase the sensitivity of optical detectors. Finally, a Separate Absorption and Multiplication (SAM) APD combining a 100 nm-thin AlGaAsSb avalanche region and a 1 um InGaAs absorption region has been studied. Low dark currents and good photoresponse at 1550 nm wavelength have been demonstrated. The temperature dependence of gain was investigated for temperatures between 77 K and room temperature, and a temperature coefficient of breakdown voltage, Cbd, of -49 mV/K was obtained.
Influence of ENSO and MJO on the zonal structure of tropical tropopause inversion layer using high-resolution temperature profiles retrieved from COSMIC GPS Radio Occultation

Abstract. Using COSMIC GPS Radio Occultation (RO) observations from January 2007 to December 2016, we retrieved temperature profiles with the height resolution of about 0.1 km in the upper troposphere and lower stratosphere (UTLS). We investigated the distribution of static stability (N2) and the zonal structure of the tropopause inversion layer (TIL) in the tropics, where a large change in the temperature gradient occurs associated with sharp variations in N2. We show the variations in the mean N2 profiles in coordinates relative to the cold-point tropopause (CPT). A very thin (<1 km) layer is found with average maximum N2 in the range of 11.0–12.0×10-4 s−2. The mean and standard deviation of TIL sharpness, defined as the difference between the maximum N2 (max⁡N2) and minimum N2 (min⁡N2) within ±1 km of the CPT, is (10.5±3.7)×10-4 s−2. The max⁡N2 is typically located within 0.5 km above CPT. We focused on the variation in TIL sharpness in two longitude regions, 90–150∘ E (Maritime Continent; MC) and 170–230∘ E (Pacific Ocean; PO), with different land–sea distribution. Seasonal variations in TIL sharpness and thickness were related to the deep convective activity represented by low outgoing longwave radiation (OLR) during the Australian and Asian monsoons. The deviation from the mean sharpness (sharpness anomaly) was out of phase with the OLR anomaly in both the MC and PO. The correlation between the sharpness anomaly over the MC and PO and the sea surface temperature (SST) Niño 3.4 index was −0.66 and +0.88, respectively. During La Niña (SST Niño 3.4 <-0.5 K) in the MC and El Niño (SST Niño 3.4 >+0.5 K) in the PO, warmer SSTs in the MC and PO produce more active deep convection that tends to force the air upward to the tropopause layer and increase the temperature gradient there. The intraseasonal variation in sharpness anomaly during slow and fast episodes of the Madden–Julian Oscillation (MJO) demonstrates that eastward propagation of the positive sharpness anomaly is associated with organized deep convection. Deep convection during MJO will tend to decrease N2 below CPT and increase N2 above CPT, thus enlarging the TIL sharpness. Convective activity in the tropics is a major control on variations in tropopause sharpness at intraseasonal to interannual timescales.