Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Anti‐oxidant activity and total phenolic content of some Asian vegetables

The anti-oxidant activity of extracts from 36 vegetables was evaluated by using a model system consisting of β-carotene and linoleic acid. The total phenolics of the extracts was determined spectrophotometrically according to the Folin–Ciocalteau procedure and ranged from 34 to 400 mg (100 g)−1 on a fresh weight basis. Mint, aonla, black carrots, chenopodium, fenugreek, kachnar and ginger had high phenolic contents. The anti-oxidant activity expressed as per percent inhibition of oxidation ranged from a high of 92% in turmeric extracts to a low of 12.8% in long melon. Other vegetables found to have high anti-oxidant activity (>70%) were kachnar, aonla, ginger, fenugreek, mint, beetroot, black carrots, Brussels sprouts, broccoli, lotus stem, yam, coriander and tomato. Anti-oxidant activity correlated significantly and positively with total phenolics (r2=0.6578, P < 0.05). The results indicate that vegetables containing high phenolics may provide a source of dietary anti-oxidants.
ESTIMATIVA DE PRECIPITAÇÃO ANUAL NO NORTE DO BRASIL CONSIDERANDO OS EFEITOS DOS EVENTOS ENOS: EL NIÑO E LA NIÑA

A carencia de dados pluviometricos na Amazonia ocorre devido ao tamanho da regiao, que encarece o adensamento de uma rede de estacoes pluviometricas. Entretanto, esses dados sao importantes para o planejamento da Agricultura, recursos hidricos e abastecimento publico. Nesse caso, uma alternativa e desenvolver modelos para estimar chuvas. Assim, foi analisada uma serie historica de 31 anos de dados (1960-1990) monitorados via satelites geoestacionarios e de orbita polar da NOAA, DMSP; e satelites ambientais da NASA para obter uma compreensao fundamental da atmosfera, oceano e interface ar-mar, selecionando-se os anos com episodios de El Nino e La Nina, perfazendo duas novas series temporais. O metodo hierarquico aglomerativo de Ward foi utilizado, tendo a distância Euclidiana como medida de similaridade. Com isso foram identificadas seis regioes pluviometricas homogeneas. A essas regioes foram aplicados modelos de regressao linear multipla (MRLM) para regionalizacao das chuvas totais anuais. Os modelos foram ajustados para a serie completa, sendo considerados os eventos de El Nino e de La Nina; e validados com dados observados dos anos de 1973 a 2012 de 12 estacoes pluviometricas da ANA (Agencia Nacional de Agua). As estimativas apresentaram diferentes resultados em funcao da regiao homogenea e das series analisadas, demonstrando a influencia e a necessidade de se considerar os eventos El Nino e La Nina no tipo de modelagem abordada. Os erros medios entre as chuvas observadas e estimadas nao ultrapassaram 23.6%, portanto, a metodologia adotada e uma boa opcao para estimativas de chuvas anuais medias no estado do Para, Norte do Brasil.
Cell volume ratios of natural and of induced tetraploid and diploid flowering plants

Many volume ratios between tetraploid and diploid guard cells of stomata and between diploid and haploid pollen grains were compiled from the literature and from own unpublished results. The sources of possible errors are discussed. No difference was found between induced auto- and allotetraploids. Some of the ratios with tetraploids of the C0 generation, but less so of later generations, were extremely high. The medians of the ratios were highest in the C0 generation (pollen grains 2.0-2.1, guard cells 2.4) and smaller in later generations (pollen grains 1.9, guard cells 2.1). The ratios of tetraploids from nature were 1.5-1.8 and thus significantly smaller than 2. The reduction may be a result of a selection for cell size during evolution, or of a physiological self-adjustment.The length/width ratios of guard cells were on average greater, but those of anisodiametric pollen grains smaller in induced tetraploids than in diploids, with a broad range of variation. The finding for guard cells is at variance with a widely held opinion.
Bioenergy carbon emissions footprint considering the biogenic carbon and secondary effects

The sustainability of bioenergy is varying on a case‐by‐case basis. It considerably depends on the source of biomass, management practices (plantation, harvesting, conversion technologies, supply chain, etc.) as well as the assessment boundary and assumptions. This study summarises the carbon emissions footprint (CF) flow of bioenergy by considering the possible sources and system boundary, particularly on the CF of biogenic carbon and secondary effects. The assessment framework has been applied to a demonstrated case study identifying the upper limits of global warming potential of biogenic carbon emission (GWPbio) and secondary effects contribution where the bioenergy is still superior to the coal, natural gas and gasoline. The circumstances where the other energy source alternatives could have a lower CF than bioenergy are highlighted. For example, coal and natural gas are the selection (lower CF) if the bioelectricity is subjected to the GWPbio higher than 0.57‐0.74 and 0.18‐0.34. CF of bioheat is higher than the heat generated by natural gas when the GWPbio is more than 0.04‐0.40. Gasoline is the selection when the GWPbio of biofuel is higher than 0.12‐0.42. The validity of carbon neutrality assumption of bioenergy possesses a more decisive role in the overall selection of bioenergy compared to the assessed secondary effects such as soil organic carbon changes. This study emphasises the importance of a rigorous CF accounting for bioenergy to support the equitable decision making.
Craniometric divergence history of the Japanese populations

The Japan Islands, a small island chain on the western rim of the circum-Pacific region, have experienced several cultural contacts and human migrations from northern and eastern continental Asia. In this study, craniometric diversification of Asian peoples was assessed using the R-matrix method based on 21 metric traits in 25 representative male and female samples of prehistoric and modern northeastern and eastern Asians, including inhabitants of the Japan Islands. The prehistoric series show, in general, greater observed variance than expected. In the Japanese series, the greater than expected variation of the Jomon is strongly contrasted with the lower level of variability seen in the continental immigrant Yayoi, suggesting a founder effect stemming from the small population size of the initial immigrants represented by the Yayoi series. Scattergrams based on the morphological distances transformed from the R-matrix showed that the Jomon, Ainu, and prehistoric Okhotsk (northeastern immigrants to the Japan Islands) were isolated from the main eastern and northeastern Asian cluster, suggesting greater phenotypic diversity in the Japan Islanders. Despite less variability in the Yayoi series, the phenotypic contribution of the Yayoi to the main-island Japanese populations was considerable, probably because of the existence of successive immigrants after the Yayoi period and/or a higher growth rate of the Yayoi immigrant groups. An assessment of intra-regional variation of the five major Asian regional series by the R-matrix method confirmed that the Japanese series representing populations living on small islands have greater craniometric diversity than the Arctic and Coastal northeastern Asian samples.
Methods to Reduce/ Eliminate Pathogens from Fresh and Fresh-Cut Produce

Scope In response to the current public health concerns with the microbiological safety of fresh and fresh-cut produce, researchers have investigated the efficiency of numerous physical, chemical, and biological methods for reducing the microbiological load of produce. This chapter focuses on this growing area of research with a particular emphasis on human pathogenic microorganisms; however, research related to mitigation treatment effects on nonpathogenic organisms is also included. There have been several reviews that address this topic and they are pointed out throughout the chapter; therefore, the focus here is on the latest and most significant research findings. A matrix (Table V-1) summarizing the characteristics of intervention methods is also included at the end of the chapter.
Ecosystem Resilience, Stability, and Productivity: Seeking a Relationship

We have examined the relationship between primary productivity and the "relative stability" or resilience of ecosystems. Our conclusions differ from a recently proposed general stability-productivity relationship that suggests that more productive ecosystems are more resilient and thus recover more rapidly from perturbations. Analyses of a range of standard ecological models and field studies fail to confirm the universality of this relationship. Even extremely simple nonlinear models, such as the well-known logistic map, were found to have surprising nonmonotonic resilience-productivity relationships, with resilience ultimately diminishing as productivity becomes large. Our results imply that resilience-productivity hypotheses are generally neither simple nor monotonic, largely because of the intrinsic nonlinearities and nonequilibrium conditions that are so characteristic to many ecosystems. A better understanding of the role of primary production in shaping ecosystem structure and function will require the development of tests and indexes that are more refined than simple equilibrium stability and resilience analyses.
Comparing econometric methods to empirically evaluate activation programs for job seekers

We test whether different identification strategies give similar results when evaluating activation programs. Budgetary problems at the Dutch unemployment insurance (UI) administration in March 2010 caused a sharp drop in the availability of these programs. Using administrative data provided by the UI administration, we evaluate the effect of the program (1) exploiting the policy discontinuity as a quasi‐experiment, (2) using dynamic matching assuming conditional independence, and (3) applying the timing‐of‐events model. All three strategies use the same data to consider the same program in the same setting, and show that the program reduces job finding directly after enrollment. However, the magnitude of the estimated drop in job finding differs between the three estimation methods. In the longer run, all three methods show a zero effect on employment.
Online Identification of Inertia Distribution in Normal Operating Power System

In this letter, a new model to represent power system inertia distribution is derived first. Then, a specific online identification method is proposed to identify parameters of the model under normal operating conditions so that the system inertia distribution can be tracked in real-time. The effectiveness of the proposed model and identification method is validated in the IEEE 39-bus system.
HLA-Matched and HLA-Haploidentical Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation for Acute Myelogenous Leukemia with t (16;21) (p11.2;q22)

t(16;21)(p11;q22)is a rare non-random chromosomal abnormality found in approximately 1% of acute myelogenous leukemia(AML)cases. This chromosomal rearrangement results in FUS-ERG fusion transcripts. ERG, located at chromosome 21q22, is a member of the ets oncogene family. Correct ERG gene dosage is critical to maintain hematopoietic stem cell function. FUS, at chromosome 16p11, encodes an RNA-binding protein with extensive amino-acid sequence homology to EWS, which is derived from Ewing sarcoma. The FUS-ERG gene is produced by fusion of the 5’ end of FUS to the 3’ end of ERG. The FUS fusion domain regulates DNA-binding activity of the FUS-ERG chimeric protein, resulting in weaker transcriptional activation than that with normal ERG proteins. Dysregulation of normal ERG transcription by FUS-ERG fusion might contribute to the pathogenesis of AML with t(16;21)(p11;q22). AML with t(16;21)(p11;q22)occurs more often in younger individuals for reasons not fully understood. Buchanan et al. compiled 78 cases and reported that the median age was 25 years. AML with t (16;21)(p11;q22)has Case report
LEAF DEVELOPMENT OF RUMEX PATIENTIA L. (POLYGONACEAE) EXPOSED TO UV IRRADIATION (280-320 NM)'

Two factors which affect leaf ontogeny and ultimate leaf size: (1) the rate and duration of cell expansion, and (2) the rate and duration of cell division, were examined for their role in the slower early leaf growth rate and the smaller size of fully expanded leaves of plants exposed to ultravioletB (UV-B 280-320 nm) radiation. Rumex patientia L. was grown in controlled environment chambers under enhanced UV-B radiation (equivalent to daily solar UV-B irradiation at 40? N latitude in midMay with an atmospheric ozone concentration of 0.20 atm-cm) and control treatments. The pattern of growth as expressed in changes of mean cell size in two distinct cell types, tissue cell density, and length of the entire leaf blades are consistent with the hypothesis that the radiation primarily affects cell division rather than cell expansion. Furthermore, it appears that the radiation probably alters the rate rather than the duration of the cell division phase. An understanding of the mechanism of radiation damage should facilitate prediction of how this stress may interact with other stresses to which plants are normally subjected. Species with normally prolonged periods of cell division during leaf expansion may be particularly impacted if solar UV radiation were intensified as a result of atmospheric ozone reduction. THE EFFECT of pollutants on the stability of the stratospheric ozone layer has been of recent concern (Molina and Rowland, 1974). In the event of a partial reduction in the thickness of the ozone column there would be a predictable increase in the quantity of solar ultraviolet-B radiation (UV-B, 280-320 nm) reaching the Earth (Bener, 1972; Green, Sawada, and Shettle, 1974). In higher plants it has been shown that UV-B radiation of the nature one would expect from ozone reduction could potentially depress photosynthetic rates (Sisson and Caldwell, 1977; Van, Garrard, and West, 1976). It has also been reported that the rate of early leaf growth can be effectively reduced below a level solely attributable to photosynthate limitation (Sisson and Caldwell, 1976). The focus of the following research was to investigate the mechanism by which UV-B radiation results in the slower rate of early leaf growth and ultimately smaller leaves. An understanding of the mechanisms by which this radiation affects leaf development should aid in a prediction of which plant species may be most susceptible and under what conditions susceptibility of a given species might be exacerbated.
Learning to mentalize: A mediational approach for caregivers and therapists.

Mentalizing refers to the capacity to reflect on one's own thoughts and feelings and those of others to predict and understand behavior (Bateman & Fonagy, 2016). The concept has its roots in psychoanalytic literature (Marty & De M'Uzan, 1963) and was incorporated into mainstream neuroscientific and developmental literature in the 1980s and 1990s, and social neuroscience in the 2000s. Several clinical applications of the construct have emerged over the past two decades (see Bateman & Fonagy, 2016 for a review). Mentalizing is a transdiagnostic construct, and the enhancement of mentalizing is suggested to be a general characteristic of any “good” psychotherapy, regardless of the modality, and may be a common factor in positive treatment outcome for all psychotherapies (Fonagy & Allison, 2014). While different mentalization-based therapies (MBTs) each have unique features, they all share a definition of mentalizing as a form of imaginative mental activity whereby human behavior is implicitly and automatically perceived in terms of putative mental states (e.g., needs, desires, feelings, beliefs, goals, purposes, and reasons) that may account for actions and are sometimes consciously and explicitly reflected upon in mental-state terms (Fonagy, Gergely, Jurist, & Target, 2002). While often categorized as psychodynamic, MBTs are integrative, bringing together aspects of psychodynamic, Received: 16 October 2018 | Revised: 7 February 2020 | Accepted: 7 February 2020 DOI: 10.1111/cpsp.12334
An assessment of social impacts of national parks on communities in Quebec, Canada

Numerous national parks have been established worldwide to protect nature, but this has not been without social consequences for neighbouring communities. Since the social and economic vitality of adjacent communities is being recognized more and more as indispensable for the success of conservation objectives, the quality of park-community relations has become a critical issue. A four-year investigation into the social impacts engendered by two national parks situated in the Saguenay region of Quebec (Canada) was conducted, according to a social impact assessment method. Several impacts and changes were identified on resource management, on the local economy, on the tourist industry, on involvement and participation of local actors and on the social organization of the neighbouring communities. The significance of these impacts varied according to the community and the actors involved. The results of the present research point to the determining role of the government in general, and of the park management in particular, in the process of local community development. In this regard, recommendations are addressed to local communities to improve their partnership with national parks.
SPAM-Net: A CNN-Based SAR Target Recognition Network With Pose Angle Marginalization Learning

Recently, deep convolutional neural networks (CNNs) have started to be applied for automatic target recognition (ATR) problems of synthetic aperture radar (SAR) images. In conventional SAR-ATR algorithms, the pose angle information of the target has been importantly used. However, recent deep learning-based SAR-ATR algorithms often only utilize the intensity information. In this paper, based on the prior works that the pose angle is an important latent variable for boosting target recognition performance, we propose a CNN-based SAR target recognition network with pose angle marginalization learning, called SPAM-Net that marginalizes the conditional probabilities of SAR targets over their pose angles to precisely estimate the true class probabilities. The proposed SPAM-Net consists of two sub-nets: (i) a sub-net for class-conditional probability estimation, called CP sub-net, and (ii) a sub-net for pose angle probability estimation, called PP sub-net. The two sub-nets are jointly learned via an end-to-end manner in a Bayesian framework so that the SPAM-Net incorporates the pose angle information into target recognition task effectively. The SPAM-Net outperforms our baseline network that does not utilize the pose angle information. In the experiments, we intensively analyze the effectiveness of pose angle information for SAR-ATR, revealing that more accurate pose angle information helps the SPAM-Net precisely estimate target classes for the misclassified target groups that are obtained by the baseline network. Furthermore, our method also outperforms the other state-of-the-art SAR-ATR algorithms, yielding the correct target recognition rate with average 99.61%.
Editorial (Thematic Issue: “Dietary Polyphenols: Well beyond the Antioxidant Capacity”)

In the last decades epidemiological studies and associated meta-analyses have strongly suggested that long term consumption of plant foods (fruits, vegetables, cereals, dry legumes, and beverages like wine, coffee and tea) offers protection against development of oxidative stress related pathologies, such as cancers, cardiovascular diseases, diabetes, osteoporosis and neurodegenerative diseases [1, 2]. These results have prompted research to study polyphenols, following the discovery of their antioxidant and radical scavenger activities [3]. So, the antioxidant properties of polyphenols have been widely studied from the mid- 1990s, but the latest research indicates that the mechanisms of action of polyphenols go beyond the modulation of oxidative stress [3]. Polyphenols protective activity can be ascribed to their capacity of interact with cellular functions at different levels, such as affecting gene expression, protein synthesis and enzyme activities, binding to membrane or nuclear receptors as either an elective ligand or a ligand mimic. Recently, it has been also demonstrated the antibacterial activity of some polyphenols against multidrug-resistant bacteria [4]. The goal of this special issue is to present novel results about dietary polyphenols healthy properties, with particular attention to their mechanisms of action. On behalf of all authors, we hope that this issue of Current Pharmaceutical Biotechnology will promote novel ideas and provide prospects for theirs scientific activity. Finally, we would like to thanks all the contributors and reviewer for their precious and valuable contribution in this issue.
Seasonal Variations in Chlorophyll a Concentrations in Relation to Potentials of Sediment Phosphate Release by Different Mechanisms in a Large Chinese Shallow Eutrophic Lake (Lake Taihu)

The relationship between chlorophyll a and fractionation of sediment phosphorus, inorganic phosphate-solubilizing bacteria (IPB), and organic phosphate-mineralizing bacteria (OPB) was evaluated in a large Chinese shallow eutrophic lake (Lake Taihu) and its embayment (Wuli Bay). At the three study sites, the increase of chlorophyll a concentrations in April paralleled those of the iron bound phosphate accounting for major portion of sediment inorganic phosphate, and in June significantly higher OPB and IPB numbers (especially OPB) in sediment were main contributors to the peaks of chlorophyll a concentration. Even though IPB peaked from February to June, it should serve as an unimportant P source due to the irrelevancy with chlorophyll a and soluble reactive phosphorus (SRP). By contrast, at the other site in the embayment, the calcium-bound phosphate was predominant and solid, which was difficult to be released, and neither IPB nor OPB were detectable in the sediment, indicating weak potential for phosphorus release from the sediment, which was reflected in the small seasonal variation in SRP concentration in water column. Hence, the extents to which the three general mechanisms behind phosphate release from sediment (desorption of iron bound phosphate, solubilization by IPB and enzymatic hydrolysis by OPB) operated were different depending on seasons and sites in Lake Taihu, they may jointly drive phosphate release and accelerate the eutrophication processes.
Influência do local da desova na incubação de Dermochelys coriacea Vandelli, 1761 (Testudines: Dermochelyidae) na Reserva Biológica de Comboios, norte do estado do Espírito Santo, Brasil

The place and the nesting time have great influence on the reproduction of sea turtles, as they will affect the incubation temperature of the eggs. The great dynamism of the coastal environment can cause erosion in some parts of beaches making it necessary to transfer nests to safer and suitable places for embryogenesis. This work analyzed how the nesting place influences the incubation duration and the hatching success of the eggs evaluating the effectiveness of the nests transference as a strategy of management. The incubation duration and hatching success of in situ nests of Dermochelys coriacea on the reproductive season of 2007/2008 in the Biological Reserve of Comboios, Espirito Santo State, Brazil were not influenced by the nesting time or by the characteristics of the beach, reflecting the thermal homogeneity of the nidification areas. The transferred nests presented lower incubation duration than the nests in situ. The transference of nests to safe places is a strategy of conservation and management, once D. coriacea is nesting at high energy beaches, exposed to erosion and flood. We recommend that the transferences occur to higher areas at the beach, at the limit between the open beach and the berm, but in the proximities of the original nesting site, what would minimize the differences of the thermal environment.