Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Research on the Relationship between Agronomic Traits and Yield of Soybean in Relay Strip Intercropping

A field experiment was conducted on 133 soybean germplasms by growing under shade( simulated the relay strip ingtercropping system) to analyze the relationship between agronomic traits and yield of 133 soybean germplasms. The results showed that: the coefficient of variation in phenotypic traits was between 6. 44%-52. 49% and the average Shannon'index was 1. 929 3,which illustrated that the germplasms had a relatively rich morphological diversity. Correlation analysis showed that the yield was significant positive correlated with number of nodes on main stem,effective branch number,pods per plant,seeds per pod,branch seed weight,branch seed weight ratio,vegetative growth period and growth period. Multiple linear stepwise regression showed that the yield was significant positive correlated with seven agronomic characters,ranking of positive effect factor as follows: seeds per pod branch seed weight 100-seed weight number of nodes on main stem pods per plant vegetative growth period,negative effect factor was plant height. Path analysis showed that ranking of comprehensive effect to yield as follow: branch seed weight pods per plant number of nodes on main stem vegetative growth period seeds per pod plant height 100-seed weight. According to the principal component score and the weight calculation of this composite score,133 soybean varieties were clustered into four categories. The most suitable category for relay strip intercropping expressed more effective branch,more pods per plant,more seeds per pod,more nodes on main stem,longer vegetative growth period and growth period,moderate plant height,lower 100-seed weight,and higher bottom pod,Therefore,soybean varieties showing those traits can be selected in relay strip intercropping.
Oral processing behavior of fat and fiber rich biscuits

The current study aimed to investigate the impact of in-vivo oral processing on various biscuit varieties such as high fat biscuits (HFA) and high fiber biscuits (HFB). Various in-vivo oral processing parameters such as mastication features (portion size, consumption time, and chew cycles), bolus properties (particle size distribution, and bolus moisture content) and time dependent parameters (saliva content and rate of incorporation of saliva) were studied. Further, temporal dominance of sensations (TDS) technique was carried out to identify and document the dominant oro-sensory perception during oral processing of biscuits. Biscuit varieties showed significant influence on various oral processing parameters; there was a pronounced relationship between the ingested portion size, composition, structural features and oral processing behavior of biscuit varieties. Structure, surface roughness, and composition such as presence of fat and fibre in biscuit varieties (HFA and HFB) has prominent effect on consumption time (16.92 s and 25.67 s) and chewing rate (1.44 chews/s and 1.09 chews/s) respectively. The D50 (mm) of the boluses of HFA and HFB ranged between 0.25 to 0.38 mm. The rate of saliva incorporation was relatively low for HFA compared to HFB. Furthermore, this study aids us in understanding the impact of food structure and composition on texture perception and oral destruction of foods. Thus, knowledge about oral processing helps in designing personalized smart foods with modified texture, composition and digestibility.
LIFE-HISTORY AND BIOLOGY OF THE OYSTER CRAB, PINNOTHERES OSTREUM SAY

1. It is shown that Pinnotheres ostreum invades its host, Crassostrea virginica in the first crab stage and not in the hard-shelled stage as hitherto believed.2. The finding of the first crab stage both in plankton samples and inside oysters marks the first find in nature of this stage for any pinnotherid crab.3. A preliminary description is given of the following pre-hard stages, which were the last unknown stages in the developmental cycle of P. ostreum. Both sexes of these stages were found only in the oyster and are never free-living. A full life-history of a pinnotherid crab is now known for the first time.4. Invasion of the oyster in Delaware Bay takes place in late summer at a time when most of the oyster spat have grown sufficiently large to harbor one or more crabs.5. More crabs invade spat than yearlings and older oysters, but the survival rate is higher for crabs invading the latter groups of oysters.6. The growth rate of the crab from the invasive to the mature stage is shown to be positively .
Antioxidant effect of poly-herbal extract mixture against paracetamol induced oxidative alterations in rats

The present experiment was carried out to investigate the amelioration of paracetamol induced oxidative alterations by poly-herbal extract mixture (PHEM at 100, 200 and 300 mg/kg, PO) and silymarin (10 mg/kg, PO) in rats. SOD activity in serum was higher in rats treated with paracetamol whereas it was slightly lower in rats treated with either silymarin or PHEM at 200 mg/kg. The activities of SOD in liver and kidney of rats treated with paracetamol were non-significantly higher which were found lower in rats treated with higher dose of PHEM. Blood catalase activity was found lowered in paracetamol treated rats and significantly higher in PHEM treated groups (200 and 300 mg/kg). Activity of catalase in liver of rats treated with paracetamol was highest which was almost double than the value found for rats treated with PHEM at higher dose. Catalase activity in kidney in rats under treatment was not significantly altered. Blood GSH level was not significantly altered in all groups under the study. The GSH level in liver of rats treated with PHEM (200 and 300 mg/kg) were higher than those values observed in other groups. In conclusion, administration of PHEM orally at higher doses for 21 days has shown ameliorating effect against mild oxidative alterations caused by paracetamol in rats.
Circles of Coastal Sustainability: A Framework for Coastal Management

The coastal zone is a space where many social, economic, and political activities intersect with natural processes. In this paper, we present an adaptation of the method of ‘Circles of Sustainability’, used to provide a visual assessment of indicators that define sustainability profiles for cities. It is used as a basis for a ‘Circles of Coastal Sustainability’ (CCS) framework that can be used at multiple spatial scales to assess indicators of critical processes that facilitate/constrain sustainability of the world’s coastal zones. The development of such a framework can support management by identifying key features that influence environmental sustainability and human well-being. CCS presents a holistic assessment of four interdependent boundary domains: Environment and Ecology, Social and Cultural, Economics, and Governance and Policy. This approach improves its utility and usability for decision-makers and researchers. CCS adds to existing assessment frameworks that are often focused on particular themes and/or domains that confine their utility to the context of sustainable development and the UN Agenda 2030 Sustainable Development Goals, which demand an inherently holistic and integrated evaluation. CCS is a holistic framework designed to assess the boundaries to sustainability for socio-ecological systems at multiple scales for the world’s coasts.
Mitochondrial diseases: expanding the diagnosis in the era of genetic testing

Mitochondrial diseases are clinically and genetically heterogeneous. These diseases were initially described a little over three decades ago. Limited diagnostic tools created disease descriptions based on clinical, biochemical analytes, neuroimaging, and muscle biopsy findings. This diagnostic mechanism continued to evolve detection of inherited oxidative phosphorylation disorders and expanded discovery of mitochondrial physiology over the next two decades. Limited genetic testing hampered the definitive diagnostic identification and breadth of diseases. Over the last decade, the development and incorporation of massive parallel sequencing has identified approximately 300 genes involved in mitochondrial disease. Gene testing has enlarged our understanding of how genetic defects lead to cellular dysfunction and disease. These findings have expanded the understanding of how mechanisms of mitochondrial physiology can induce dysfunction and disease, but the complete collection of disease-causing gene variants remains incomplete. This article reviews the developments in disease gene discovery and the incorporation of gene findings with mitochondrial physiology. This understanding is critical to the development of targeted therapies.
[S6-P01] Proper Methodology to Compare Seismological and Mineral Physics Constrains of the Earth's Inner Core

Earth’s inner core exhibits elastic anisotropy, but the cause of the texturing is uncertain: solidification, deformation, or some combination. In experiments presented here we deformed in torsion directionally solidified Zn 3 wt pct Sn alloys at . 97 the melting temperature of pure Zn. We used a Zn-rich alloy because Zn is hexagonal close-packed at atmospheric pressure, as is likely Fe under inner core conditions. The directionally solidified alloys have the textured, columnar dendritic microstructure that has been proposed for the inner core. As a control we deformed in torsion the same alloy at the same temperature, but with a starting microstructure that is comparatively fine-grained, equiaxed, and untextured. We find evidence that the directionally solidified alloys deform by means of grain boundary sliding, presumably accompanied by di↵usion near the ends of the columnar crystals in order to preserve macroscopic shape. We also find that the directionally solidified alloys require approximately three times the torque to deform to the same strain than do the untextured alloys. Grain boundary sliding and greater hardness are due to insu cient slip systems to accommodate the strain, as a result of the texturing. This is supported by microcracking in the deformed directionally solidified alloys. Although the inner core is unlikely to exhibit semi-brittle deformation, the experiments suggest that a directionally solidified inner core could have a higher viscosity than one with a finer-grained, untextured microstructure, and that grain boundary sliding may be a dominant deformation mechanism, in spite of the large
Influence of Precursors on Structural and Optical Properties of ZnO Nanopowders Synthesized in Hydrolysis medium

ZnO Nanopowders were synthesized with different precursors NaOH and KOH respectively. Influences of precursors on structural, morphological and optical properties of nanopowders were analyzed.Crystalline structure, size and lattice strain of nanopowders characterized using X Ray Diffraction (XRD). Morphology of nanopowders confirmed from Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) micrographs observed at different magnifications. Presence of functional groups were further confirmed from Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectra. Optical absorption and band gap of nanopowders calculated from UV-Vis optical absorption spectra. Luminescence behavior of nanopowders confirmed from emission peaks of photoluminescence (PL) spectra. Results reveal solutes play a vital role in optimizing properties of nanopowders. Sol-gel method used for synthesizing nanopowders provides opportunity for a variety of practical applications. As synthesized nanopowders can be utilized for fabrication of optoelectronic devices LED’s, solar cells and photo detectors.
Population regulation in mammals : an evolutionary perspective

1. I present a conceptual model that predicts the proximate and ultimate factors that determine whether a mammal species has the potential to be regulated by intrinsic (behavioural) or extrinsic factors. The model is based on three behavioural phenomena that purportedly regulate mammal populations: female territoriality, dispersal, and reproductive suppression. 2. The model predicts that intrinsic regulation can occur only in those species in which females are territorial, offspring-rearing space (or alpha status) is limited, and young females exhibit reproductive suppression. Female territoriality should occur in species that have altricial young and serve as a counter-strategy to infanticide from conspecific females. Female mammals that have precocial young or mobile altricial young that are not vulnerable to infanticide should not commit infanticide and should not be territorial. Thus, developmental state at birth would be an ultimate factor that determines whether offspring-rearing space potentially can be limited. 3. Dispersal should be density-independent in nonterritorial species and inversely density-dependent in territorial species and thus has limited potential to regulate population density in any species. 4. Behavioural reproductive suppression of young females is proposed as an adaptive mechanism to avoid inbreeding or to conserve reproductive effort in response to the threat of infanticide. 5. Intrinsic regulation should be most likely to occur in monogamous territorial species in which daughters grow up in the presence of male relatives (such as in canids and some primates). Polygynous species, in which females are territorial such as most rodents, have the potential for self-regulation; however, exposure to unrelated males and the fact that young females can breed on their mothers' territories usually preclude benavidural reproductive suppression. 6. Intrinsic regulation should not occur in species with precocial young, nonterritorial species, or in species in which daughters do not associate with male relatives, such as the ungulates, marine mammals, bats and marsupials. 7. The model predicts that female territoriality, the threat of infanticide, and the presence of male relatives in the natal home range are the proximate mechanisms for intrinsic population regulation in mammals. These factors apparently occur only under a limited set of conditions; therefore, most mammal populations are probably controlled by extrinsic factors. The model is presented with a series of a priori predictions from which hypotheses can be formulated and tested.
Seasonal movements of greater sage‐grouse populations in Utah: Implications for species conservation

Greater sage-grouse (Centrocercus urophasianus; sage-grouse) is considered an umbrella species for sagebrush (Artemisia spp.) landscapes in western North America. In 2015, the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service determined sage-grouse unwarranted for protection under the Endangered Species Act (1973) because of conservation actions in priority areas. Understanding seasonal movements is key to delineation and assessment of priority conservationareas.Wemonitored radiomarked sage-grouse from1998 to2013 throughoutUtah,USA,to determine seasonal movements. Maximum distances from nearest lek to nesting, summer, and winter locations across all radiomarkedgrouse averaged2.20 km(90thpercentile1⁄4 5.06 km), 3.93 km(90thpercentile1⁄4 8.45 km), and3.76 km(90thpercentile1⁄4 7.15 km), respectively.Maximummovements fromnest to summer,nest towinter, and between summer and winter locations across all radiomarked grouse averaged 5.77 km (90th percentile1⁄4 13.60 km), 11.77 km (90th percentile1⁄4 26.36 km), and 14.75 km (90th percentile1⁄4 30.77 km), respectively. Maximum distance from lek of capture to summer locations was greater for males than females, whereas femalesmoved farther thanmales fromlek towinter andsummer towinter locations.Adult femalesmoved farther than yearlings from lek to nest and summer towinter areas. The state ofUtah’s Sage-GrouseManagement Areas included approximately 85% of the radiotelemetry seasonal locations and >95% when weighted by lek counts.Our results suggest that seasonalmovements could be facilitatedby increasingusable habitat space through management actions, as emphasized in Utah’s sage-grouse plan. 2016 The Wildlife Society.
Antimicrobial and antioxidant activities of medicinal plant Glycyrrhiza glabra var. glandulifera from different habitats

ABSTRACT In this study, the antimicrobial and antioxidant activities of root methanolic extracts of Glycyrrhiza glabra var. glandulifera (Waldst. & Kit.) Boiss. (Fabaceae) were investigated. Plant samples were collected from different habitats in the East Mediterranean part of Turkey. The plant extracts were evaluated for antimicrobial activities against nine bacterial and two yeast strains using disc-diffusion and minimum inhibitory concentration methods. The antioxidant activity was determined by using the DPPH (1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl) method. The antimicrobial assays indicated that the plant root extracts were more effective against Gram-positive bacteria than against Gram-negative ones. In addition, the extracts had higher antimicrobial effect against Candida species than against bacteria. The extracts showed good antioxidant activity, with a median inhibitory concentration (IC50) in the range of 588 ± 0.86 µg/mL to 2190 ± 1.73 µg/mL. Results indicated that different environmental conditions in each habitat might affect the contents of chemical compounds and biological activity in the natural licorice populations of. This study also supported the traditional use of licorice and as well as suggested that it may also be its beneficial role in the treatment of other infections. The obtained results indicated that different environmental conditions in each habitat might affect the contents of chemical compounds and the biological activity in the natural licorice populations.
Breakfast Cereal Industry

Ready-to-eat (RTE) cold breakfast cereal accounts for 75o/c of the total breakfast cereal consumption in the United States, nearing a value of $4.8 billion in 1986. These cereals are made mainly from corn, wheat, rice, and oats. A raw material blend is first plasticized with a combination of moisture and heat to gelatinize the native starch, and the gelatinized mass is then shaped and sized into the desired configuration. The product may be expanded and dried to develop structure and a crispy texture. Various processes such as flaking, puffing, extruding, shredding, toasting, frying, and coating are used to achieve specific product characteristics. Finally, the product may be fortified with vitamins and minerals. Based on differences in processing techniques, at least six basic types of RTE cereal are on the market: flaked, gun-puffed, oven-puffed, extruded, shredded, and granola-type products (Fast, 1987). In comparison to the baking and other cereal industries, the use of rheological methods in the RTE cereal industry is extremely limited. In addition, little information is contained in the literature. Few manufacturers of RTE cereal routinely utilize rheological tests for evaluating or specifying raw material quality. The methods used are generally shared by other cereal industries and are not specifically designed for RTE cereal. These methods include use of the farinograph, mixograph, amylograph, falling number, and others. Rheometers capable of quantifying fundamental rheological properties may also be in use, although the importance of rheology in RTE cereal manufacturing has not been demonstrated by cereal scientists. The rheology of the material in process is commonly recognized as an important factor governing many processing steps, such as flaking, extruding, and shredding. Little or no work has been published on the rheological properties of specific materials in process, probably because of the great diversity of materials, processes, and products. In contrast, it is widely believed that the importance of the rheology of finished products is crucial to consumer acceptance and the success of the product. With the increasing use of fruit in RTE cereal, the texture of
Ju l 2 01 6 Dalgarno-Lewis perturbation theory for nonlinear optics

We apply the quadrature-based perturbation method of Dalgarno and Lewis to the evaluation of the nonlinear optical response of quantum systems. This general operator method for perturbation theory allows us to derive exact expressions for the first three electronic polarizabilities which require only a good estimate of the ground state wave function, makes no explicit reference to the underlying potential, and avoids complexities arising from excited state degeneracies. We apply this method to simple examples in 1D quantum mechanics for illustration, exploring the sensitivity of this method to variational solutions as well as poor numerical sampling. Finally, to the best of our knowledge, we extend the Dalgarno-Lewis method for for the first time to time-harmonic perturbations, allowing dispersion characteristics to be determined from the unperturbed ground state wave function alone.
Effect of probiotic (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) supplementation on some hematological parameters of Barbari and Sirohi goat kids

The study was conducted to evaluate the influence of probiotic supplementation on animal health by some hematological parameter at the age of 2-3 month of either sex were selected and distributed randomly i.e. Twenty four (24) Sirohi and Twenty four (24) Barbari male and female kids were randomly selected from the Institute’s flock for the study leucocyte count of Barbari kids at the end of the experiment were7.70±0.29, 7.41±0.49, 8.03±0.51, 9.42±0.37 and in Sirohi were 7.92±0.57, 8.62±0.46,7.57±0.57, 9.63±0.34respectivel. Average Neutrophil at end of experiment reached to 32.33±2.53, 35.58±0.99, 35.42±1.33, 36.67±1.14 in Barbari kids and in Sirohi kids. Average basophil count at the end of experiment average in Barbari kids were 0.25±0.13, 0.17 ± 0.11, 0.17 ± 0.11, 0.08 ± 0.08 and in Sirohi kids were 0.17±0.11, 0.17±0.11, 0.17±0.11, 0.08±0.08. The average eosinophil count(%)at the end of experiment reached to 2.83±1.19, 1.42±0.19,1.33±0.22 and 1.92±0.29 Percent in Barbari kids and in Sirohi kids. The average lymphocyte count (%) at the end of experiment Barbari kids were46.92±3.9,39.58±4.36,43.75±4.07 and 38.58±2.53 Percent and in Sirohi kids were 42.5±1.12, 36.58±1.16,37.08±2.21and 35.08±1.22 percent in groups. The average monocyte count(%) at the last month of experiment of Barbari kids were 2.08±0.34, 2.42±0.29,2.33±0.28, 2.33±0.31 Percent and in Sirohi kids were 2.33±0.33, 1.08±0.29, 1.17± 0.44 , 0.92±0.45 per cent in groups. The average erythrocyte counts(10 /μl) at the end of experiment of Barbari kids were13.22±0.35, 13.60±0.22, 13.62±0.38,and 13.04±0.35 (10 /μl) and in Sirohi kids 13.47±0.7, 15.25±0.48, 13.19±0.45 and 14.42±0.84 (10/μl) in groups respectively. Saccharomyces cerevisiae shows no adverse effect on animal health.
Hypertrophic Skin Grafts in Burned Patients: A Prospective Analysis of Variables

A prospective study of 70 consecutive burned patients, 26 pediatric patients and 44 adults, who had 173 separate anatomic sites grafted, was carried out to determine the incidence of hypertrophic skin grafts after thermal injury. The age, race, postburn day grafted, anatomic site grafted, and nature of the recipient graft bed was recorded. The patients were followed for a minimum of 1 year, at which time the skin grafts were classified as Excellent (E)--skin graft flat and not thickened; Good (G)--less than 5% of skin graft thickened or elevated; Fair (F)--greater than 5% of skin graft thickened or elevated; and Poor (P)--skin graft elevated greater than 2 mm or contracture present. Overall, 55% of the grafted sites were excellent, 18% were good, 13% were fair, and 14% were poor. Pediatric patients had a higher incidence of fair or poor results (50%) than adults (17%) (p less than 0.001), and blacks had poorer (39% F or P) results than whites (12% F or P) (p less than 0.001). The presence of dermal elements in the recipient graft bed was associated with less long-term skin graft scarring than when the grafts were placed on recipient beds without dermal elements (p less than 0.01). Skin grafts that were performed within 14 days of the injury had a lower incidence of F or P results (24%), than grafts performed after 14 days postburn (37%) (p less than 0.03). Based on the results of this prospective study, it is possible to identify and quantitate the relative risk of a burned patient developing a hypertrophic skin graft.