Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
THE ASSOCIATION OF DIETARY PATTERNS WITH SERUM CORTISOL IN TYPE 2 DIABETIC PATIENTS

Background: Physiological stress may affect eating habits and also foods intake may alter the physiological stress. According to the reports of high levels of serum cortisol as a stress biomarker in type 2 diabetic patients; the aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between dietary patterns and serum cortisol concentration in type 2 diabetic patents. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted on 241 type 2 diabetic patients in 2013. Major dietary patterns were obtained by factor analysis. Serum cortisol was measured at 8 am. Serum cortisol level was compared among tertiles of dietary patterns using ANCOVA adjusted for confounders (age, sex, BMI, and fasting blood glucose). Linear regression analysis was performed to assess the association between serum cortisol and scores of dietary patterns. Results: Three major dietary patterns were identified as Western, healthy and healthy like. None of the variables age, waist circumference, body mass index, physical activity level, duration of diabetes and fasting blood glucose was significantly associated with serum cortisol. After adjustment for confounders, no statistically significant difference was found in mean serum cortisol among tertiles of dietary patterns or no statistically significant association between serum cortisol and dietary patterns scores. Mean serum cortisol was 12.95±5.10 nmol/L which was in normal range. Conclusion: This study showed that in type 2 diabetic patients, normal levels of serum cortisol were not associated with the adherence to Western, Healthy and Healthy like dietary patterns.
diagnostic value of presepsin in sepsis

Sepsis is a Systemic Inflammatory Response Syndrome (SIRS) caused by proven or presumed infection. Some studies show that early recognition, influence the outcome of patients decreasing mortality. Culture exams are the gold standard to diagnose sepsis, but have the time as inconvenience. The presepsin protein has been studied as a marker of sepsis diagnoses, and the results are available around 2 hours after collection of blood. This study aims to establish the diagnostic value of presepsin levels in sepsis. Prospective observational study Were included 109 patients with more than 18 years with criteria for sirs on arrival at the emergency services. The values of presepsin were measured in blood samples up to 06 hours of hospitalization and after 48 hours of hospitalization. Secondary data were obtained through medical records. Were excluded from the study patients less than 18 years of age Patients were separated into two groups, one of SIRS and the other with confirmed or probable sepsis(strong clinical suspicion). The mean values of presepsin in patients with confirmed / probable sepsis were 2,926(DP 1194) and 1749 (701) in the SIRS patients. The Student’s T test was used for unpaired samples, and it was observed that, among the values of these 2 groups, there was difference with statistical significance (p<0,01). The accuracy of presepsin values for the detection of sepsis, through the ROC curve, presented Area Under The Curve (AUC) de 0,787(IC 95%0,686-0,889), p < 0,01. Presepsin proved to be a biomarker with good sensitivity and specificity in the diagnosis of sepsis. DOI: 10.29011/BMAP-115. 100115
Some Full Blood Count Parameters among Hypertensive Patients Attending Specialist Hospital, Sokoto, Nigeria

Hypertension (HTN) is a major health problem worldwide. It can lead to cardiovascular disease and functional disturbances including haematological parameters. Full blood count (FBC) parameters of a total of 60 consecutively-recruited hypertensive subjects and 30 age-matched non-hypertensive controls were studied between June and September, 2018. Ethylene Diamine Tetra Acetic Acid (EDTA) anticoagulated blood and serum from subjects and control participants were analyzed for FBC. The total white cell count (WBC), packed cell volume (PCV) haemoglobin (Hb), neutrophils and eosinophils were significantly lower among hypertensive subjects compared to non-hypertensive controls (p 40-year-old compared to those <40 years of age (p = 0.02 and 0.01) respectively. The RBC count was significantly higher among female compared to male hypertensives (p = 0.05). The haemoglobin and monocyte count were significantly higher among male compared to female hypertensives (p = 0.02 and 0.04) respectively. The monocyte count was significantly higher among hypertensive subjects of Hausa ethnic group compared to Fulani (t = 2.79, p < 0.01). The findings from this study indicates that the WBC, PCV, Hb, neutrophils and eosinophils were significantly lower among hypertensive subjects compared to non-hypertensive controls. Stage of the disease, age, gender and ethnicity had a significant effect on the FBC parameters of the hypertensive patients. There is need to step up public enlightenment programme to educate hypertensive patients on the need for attending clinic regularly for effective follow up. It is recommended that facilities for the routine monitoring of FBC parameters among hypertensive in the area be provided.
Quelle valeur accorder a l'elevation du ratio lymphocytaire T CD4/CD8 dans le phenotypage lymphocytaire du sang : analyse d'une etude preliminaire et retrospective au CHU de Bordeaux

Le ratio CD4/CD8 est une donnee d’immunophenotypage lymphocytaire du sang veineux, simple et accessible. De nombreux travaux se sont interesses aux situations au cours desquelles ce ratio lymphocytaire T CD4/CD8 etait abaisse, et se sont demandes quel(s) phenomene(s) en expliquai(en)t la presence. Cependant, nous ne connaissons pas actuellement les situations au cours desquelles ce ratio CD4/CD8 prend des valeurs elevees, et quels sont les mecanismes immunitaires menant a cette elevation. Dans le cadre du dialogue clinico-biologique, l’objectif de ce travail etait de decrire les caracteristiques cliniques et biologiques des patients avec ratio CD4/CD8 eleve, au sein d’une cohorte de patients pour lesquels a ete prescrit un immunophenotypage lymphocytaire du sang au CHU de Bordeaux. Nous avons realise une etude retrospective monocentrique sur l’ensemble des immunophenotypages lymphocytaires effectues au laboratoire d’Immunologie entre 1999 et 2015. La valeur de ratio retenue etait de 8,98, permettant de selectionner 36 patients constituant la population d’etude, a partir de 81 975 prelevements realises sur la periode d’etude. La mediane d’âge de la population d’etude etait elevee, 71 ans. Concernant les services d’origine, 20 patients (56%) etaient issus des services de Medecine Interne, 6 (17%) des services de Nephrologie, 4 (11%) du service de Dermatologie, 3 (8%) du service d’Hematologie, 2 (7%) du service de Rhumatologie et 1 (3%) du service de Gastro-enterologie. 9 patients (25%) etaient atteints d’une connectivite, 9 patients (25%) d’une vascularite, 3 patients (8%) avaient beneficie d’une allogreffe de cellules souches hematopoietiques (CSH), et 5 patients (14%) d’une greffe renale. La majorite des patients a recu des traitements immunosuppresseurs avec un nombre median de lignes de traitement a 3 et 6 patients (16,7%) ont recu un traitement fortement lymphopeniant par Cyclophosphamide. L’etude longitudinale a permis d’isoler trois modes d’evolution longitudinale des ratios CD4/CD8 : evolution ascendante (17 patients), evolution oscillante (7 patients) et evolution stable (12 patients). L’analyse des histoires individuelles a permis de mettre en evidence un processus de reconstitution immune suivant une lymphopenie induite, iatrogene le plus souvent, portant preferentiellement sur les lymphocytes T CD4, expliquant un ratio CD4/CD8 eleve et le plus souvent chez des patients âges. Le ratio CD4/CD8 semble donc representer une analyse interessante en pratique clinique, permettant en cas d’elevation importante d’alerter sur une immunosuppression passee ou actuelle consequence de la therapeutique, tout en soulignant le caractere gravissime de ces situations.
A Review on Pharmacological Activities and Clinical effects of Cinnamon Species

Many herbal remedies have been employed in various medical systems for the treatment and management of different diseases. Cinnamon is the ever green tree of tropical area, a member of family Lauraceae, has been used in day to day routine as a spice. Literature review on cinnamon revealed that it mainly contains essential oils and important compounds like Cinnamaldehyde, eugenol, cinnamic acid and cinnamate. It has got good anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidant, anti-ulcer, anti-microbial, anti-diabetic, memory enhancer and many other activities. The present review attempts to encompass the up-to-date comprehensive literature analysis on Cinnamon with respect to its Phytochemistry and its various pharmacological activities.
What healthy children think about their blood: developing explanations of leukaemia for children

Explanations of leukaemia to children usually include details of blood function and structure. In study 1, 3-, 4-, and 8year olds were interviewed about their understanding of the properties of blood and any occasions when they remembered seeing blood. They were also asked whether other animals and· objects had blood or not, and to give reasons for this. Children justified their Revista de Psicologfa de la Salud, 5(2), 1993 Journal of Health Psychology, 5(2), 1993 103 C. Eiser, T. Hevennans yR. Casas decisions in three ways; only people have blood; they had seen blood on a particular occasion, or only creatures which shared a human property (walking or talking) could have blood. In studies 2 and 3, we attempted brief interventions to increase understanding of blood.
Investigation of Riluzole’s Synaptic Protection Mechanism Through HSF1-BDNF Axis

The FDA-approved amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) drug Riluzole has great potential in treating Alzheimer’s disease (AD) based on promising animal data as well as its known action on modulating synaptic transmission. However, its detailed mechanism of action is not fully understood. Here, we proposed work aiming to address this aspect via focusing on the Heat Shock Factor 1 (HSF1)-dependent mechanisms. We found that Riluzole could increase HSF1 and BDNF (Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor) expression both at transcriptional and translational levels. CA1 (Cornu Ammonia, the first region in the hippocampal circuit), is its main target. We also demonstrated a protective role of Riluzole on rat primary neuronal culture which was abolished by a HSF1 inhibitor. Current data together suggest that Riluzole’s synaptic-protective mechanism is highly possible through a HSF1-BDNF axis. The positive outcome from this study will facilitate filling our knowledge gap and interpretation of the ongoing clinical trials of Riluzole in AD in which the final data will be released later this year. Document Type Thesis Degree Name Master of Science (MS) Program Biomedical Sciences Research Advisor Liao, Francesca-Fang
Cancer colorectal et grossesse

L’association d’un cancer colorectal (CCR) avec la grossesse est rare, meme si son incidence a tendance a augmenter en raison de grossesses de plus en plus tardives. Elle est moins frequente que pour d’autres maladies neoplasiques en particulier gynecologiques (sein, ovaire). Le diagnostic est souvent tardif expliquant la frequence elevee de stades avances. Toutefois, a stade egal en dehors de la grossesse, le pronostic est identique, soulignant l’absence d’impact negatif de la grossesse sur le cancer. La rarete de cette association fait qu’il n’existe pas de consensus sur la prise en charge des patientes. Elle dependra du terme de la grossesse, de la volonte de poursuivre la grossesse des futurs parents et de l’urgence therapeutique que requiert la maladie neoplasique. Une prise en charge multidisciplinaire, associant chirurgien, hepatogastroenterologues-oncologues, obstetriciens, psychologues et pediatres, eventuellement dans un centre specialise, est dans cette situation, fondamentale.
DIAGNOSTIC ACCURACY OF XPERTMTB/RIF ASSAY IN DETECTION OF PULMONARY TUBERCULOSIS AND RIFAMPICIN RESISTANCE IN COMPARISON WITH CONVENTIONAL METHODS..

Introduction: Tuberculosis is one of the oldest diseases with high morbidity and mortality. India accounts for one- fourth of the global TB burden (2.7million cases). Material and methods: A total 1056 patients were included in this study. All patients were requested to give two sputum samples, spot sputum sample (at the time of visit) and early morning sputum for mycobacterial testing. All spot samples tested with smear microscopy and Xpert MTB/Rif assay. Rifampicin resistant samples compared with conventional method. Results: Out of 1056 sputum samples GeneXpert MTB Rif assay detected positive 204 (19.3%), not detected 827 (78.31%). There is significant difference founded for positivity in spot samples and early morning sputum samples (P =0.0026). Rifampicins resistant were 8 (3.9%) andshown 100% sensitivity, specificity with Conventional method. Conclusion: For diagnosing tuberculosis and detecting Rifampicin resistance GeneXpert MTB/RIF has been especially recommended.
Epidemiology of dengue fever in Taiwan

: Dengue fever, a tropical communicable disease, is caused by an infectious viral disease. It is also known as break bone fever. There have been a number of epidemics over the last century in Taiwan. Following an islandwide epidemic in 1942, dengue fever had not been presented on the island for about forty years. In 1981, an outbreak of dengue occurred in Liuchiu Hsiang, a small off-shore island of Pingtung county. The estimated attack rate was 80%. DEN-2 was isolated during that outbreak. Another occurrence occurred in the fall of 1987 in the southern part of Taiwan. The accumulated reported cases reached 1,387 at the end of that year. A majority of cases were reported in the Sanmin district of Kaohsiung city. The reported cumulative incidence was 0.2% in Sanmin. However, according to one survey, the attack rate in that area was 2.9%. DEN-1 was most commonly isolated but DEN-2 was also found in five cases. The latest outbreak took place in 1988. The estimation of reported cases exceeded 10,000 at the end of November, 1988. Two cases of dengue haemorrhagic fever were confirmed. More than fifty percent of the report case came from Kaohsiung city. The reported cumulative incidence rate was 0.5% in that area. Another survey reported that the adult attack rate exceeded 5% in the same area. It is estimated that the number of patients with mild symptoms and those without any symptoms would be a few times more than the number of those actually reported. However, a large space of herd immunity for susceptible hosts has remained. DEN-1 was isolated from all of the reported cases except two in which DEN-4 were isolated. Among the various variables which would effect the proliferation of disease, such as Aedes aegypti density, precipitation, and temperature, only a prior month of precipitation can explain the outbreak of dengue by stepwise multiple regression. Besides this, there was also a higher relative risk due to a higher population density with a trend correlation. Because of the ineffectiveness of the present control program, it is predicted that there may be yet another outbreak in the following year effecting those susceptible when the rainfall season comes.
Caracterización de pacientes con cáncer de esófago en el bienio 2013-2014

Introduccion: el cancer de esofago es uno de los mas “agresivos” y de menor supervivencia a escala mundial; en Cuba es de 3,9 por cada 100 000 habitantes. Objetivo : caracterizar a los pacientes con ese diagnostico, segun variables seleccionadas. Metodos : se realizo un estudio descriptivo y transversal de 51 pacientes ingresados con neoplasia de esofago en el Hospital Provincial Docente Clinicoquirurgico “Saturnino Lora Torres” de Santiago de Cuba, desde enero de 2013 hasta diciembre de 2014. Resultados: predominaron los afectados de 60-69 anos (39,1 %), el sexo masculino (84,3 %), los que refirieron dificultad para tragar (76,6 %) y el carcinoma epidermoide como forma histologica (76,5 %). Durante su estadia en la institucion fallecieron 19,6 % de los pacientes. La disfagia se presento en estadios muy avanzados de la enfermedad. Conclusiones: a pesar de la importancia y vigilancia de los factores de riesgo del cancer de esofago en Cuba, aun se diagnostica en etapas avanzadas cuando las posibilidades terapeuticas son muy reducidas y poco eficaces.
Action of garlic on the hyperlipidemia of experimental induced immune complex disease in rabbits

Objective: To study the effect of garlic on hyperlipidemia in immune complex disease in rabbits. Methods: Experimental induced immune complex disease was produced in 22 albino male rabbits (1.0-l .5 kg) by injecting horse serum proteins at a dose of 175 mg/kg body weight, every 72 hours i.v. , and divided into two groups. Twelve rabbits were treated with 75 mg/kg body weight garlic oil orally daily and served as test group. Ten rabbits without supplementation of garlic oil served as control group. The observation period was 4 weeks. Results: Serum complement titre was significantly decreased in test group as compared to control group (19.50(1.5 vs 2.O(0.5; P<0.001) at the end of 4th week. The total lipids, total cholesterol and beta lipoprotein cholesterol were significantly lower in test group, when compared to control groups, However, levels of triglycerides and phospholipids in test group were not significant when compared to control. Conclusion: It is observed that garlic possesses anticomplementary and hypolipidemic activity in hyperlipidemia due to induced Immune complex disease.
Cancer Stem Cells and Oral Carcinogenesis; a Review Article

Context: Epithelial carcinogenesis is a multistep process. Transmission from normal oral epithelium to oral dysplasia and cancer is believed to result from several genetic alterations. Despite recent advances in the treatment approaches over the last decades, the mortality and morbidity rate of patients with oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) has not been markedly improved. A small subset of cells, cancer stem cells (CSCs) with self-renewal properties, is a major focus of the current research. Here, we present a review of CSCs and their role in oral premalignant and malignant lesions, offering an insight into the stem cell markers, their putative role, and the means of targeting them in treatments. Evidence Acquisition: Using the main keywords of “cancer stem cell”, “oral squamous cell carcinoma”, and “cancer stem cell marker”, a comprehensive search was done among several research databases. Results: Accumulating evidence supports the existence of CSCs as small subpopulations in OSCC, which are associated with tumor progression and therapy resistance. A number of cell surface markers have been used to identify these cells by various studies. Therefore, identifying a reliable CSC marker that is associated with OSCC seems to be necessary. Conclusions: The identification of the mechanisms underlying oral cancer initiation and progression is of the utmost importance. CSC markers that could act as a therapeutic target could play an important role in the effective treatment strategies of OSCC.
Profile of Diabetes Mellitus in Benign Protate Hyperplation’s Patients with Urinary Retention in Dr. Soetomo 2016

Introduction: Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) develops inevitably related to age in almost all men starting around the age of 40 years. LUTS is the most common manifestation of BPH. There were several risk factors that play a role in the BPH and LUTS, one of which is diabetes mellitus. The incidence of diabetes mellitus is increasing throughout the world. In 2015, it was estimated that 30.3 million Americans (9.4%) and 3.4 million Canadians (9.3%) were diagnosed with diabetes. About 5% - 10% are diagnosed with type I, and around 90% - 95% are diagnosed with type II. The burden of the disease caused by diabetes is quite high and continues to increase in every country. It is estimated that the global prevalence of people with diabetes in 2013 as many as 382 million people will increase to 592 million by 2035. The exact etiology of BPH is still unknown. Acute urinary retention (AUR) is the most frequent urological emergency. This study aims to find out the number of occurrences of diabetes mellitus in BPH patients with urinary retention in Dr. Soetomo General Hospital from January to December 2016. Methods: This research used descriptive research design. Population in this study was BPH patients with acute urinary retention in Dr. Soetomo General Hospital in 2016. The total sampling method was used. The variable studied was diabetes mellitus. The data was obtained from the patient's medical record. Results: In this study, 62 subjects were found with 11 subjects with positive diabetes mellitus (17.7%) and 43 subjects with negative diabetes mellitus (69.4%). Conclusion: From the results of the study, it was found that there were 17.7% of BPH patients with acute urinary retention who had diabetes mellitus.
Multi-Slice CT Results of Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumors, Correlated to the Endoscopy- Endosonography and Histopathology. A Retrospectıve Research

Purpose and Objective: To show the potentials of CT in the diagnosis of GIST with correlation to histopathology, endoscopy and endosonography (EUS). Material and Methods: 28 patients with histologically proved GIST’s, were involved in this retrospective research. All Abdominal MDCT’s were performed by 64 slice Toshiba multidetector scanner. Localizations, dimensions, density and growth patterns, nature and contrast enhancement of all masses were reported. All MDCT results of GIST were correlated with endoscopy, endosonography and pathology yields statistically. Results: We had analysed 32 GIST’s of 28 patients at different localizations within this research. 8 malignant and 24 benign GIST’s were evaluated in this research and 30 of them had histopathological proof. 50% of all GIST’s were diagnosed by EUS, 40% of all GIST’s were discovered by endoscopy. 3 malignant tumors were diagnosed by endoscopy and 4 malignant lesions were depicted by EUS, remaining ones were suspected to be benign GIST’s, however endoscopy missed 5 and EUS missed 4 malignant GIST’s with regard to CT results. All the 32 GIST’s were detected by CT and histopathology didn’t diagnose any tumor without any tomographic detection. Conclusion: CT was more sensitive than EUS and endoscopy, was better in the diagnosis of GIST.
Optimizing Circadian Rhythm and Characterizing Brain Function in Disorders of Consciousness

Sleep is a physiological state where memory processing, learning and brain plasticity occur. Patients with prolonged disorders of consciousness (PDOC) show no or minimal signs of awareness of themselves or their environment but appear to have sleep-wake cycles. The main aim of this thesis was to investigate effect of circadian rhythm and sleep optimization on brain functions of patients with PDOC. In the first instance, sleep and circadian rhythms of patients with PDOC were investigated using polysomnography and saliva melatonin measurements. The investigations that were performed at the baseline suggested that both circadian rhythmicity and sleep were severely deranged in PDOC patients. This was followed by the interventional stage of the research where an attempt was made to optimize circadian rhythm and sleep by giving blue light, caffeine and melatonin in a small cohort of patients. To measure the effects of the intervention, we used a variety of assessments: Coma Recovery Scale-Revised (CRS-R) to measure changes in awareness; PSG for assessment of sleep, melatonin for assessment of circadian rhythm; and, event-related potential measures including mismatch negativity (MMN) and subject’s own name (SON) paradigms. Our results showed that it is possible to improve sleep and circadian rhythms of patients with PDOC, and most importantly, this improvement leads to increase in Coma Recovery Scale-Revised scores. Individually, those patients who responded well to the intervention also showed improvements in their functional brain imaging assessments.