Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Perturbation training improves knee kinematics and reduces muscle co-contraction after complete unilateral anterior cruciate ligament rupture.

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Dynamic knee stabilization strategies of people who successfully compensate for the absence of an anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) ("copers") are different from those of people who do not compensate well for the injury ("noncopers"). Early after injury, certain patients ("potential copers") can increase the likelihood of successfully compensating for the injury by participating in 10 sessions of perturbation training. The purpose of this study was to determine how perturbation training alters muscle co-contraction and knee kinematics in potential copers. SUBJECTS Seventeen individuals with acute, unilateral ACL rupture who were categorized as potential copers and 17 subjects without injuries who were matched by age, sex, and activity level were recruited for this study. METHODS Motion analysis and electromyographic data were collected as subjects walked across a stationary or moving platform (horizontal translation) before and after perturbation training. RESULTS Before training, potential copers had higher co-contraction indexes and lower peak knee flexion angles than subjects without injuries. After training, potential copers' movement patterns more closely resembled those of subjects without injuries (ie, they showed reduced co-contraction indexes and increased peak knee flexion angles during stance). DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION Perturbation training reduced quadriceps femoris-hamstring muscle and quadriceps femoris-gastrocnemius muscle co-contractions and normalized knee kinematics in individuals with ACL rupture who were classified as potential copers. Findings from this study provide evidence for a mechanism by which perturbation training acts as an effective intervention for promoting coordinated muscle activity in a select population of people with ACL rupture.
Segregation of a Single Outboard Left-End Origin Is Essential for the Viability of Parvovirus Minute Virus of Mice

ABSTRACT During DNA replication, the hairpin telomeres of Minute Virus of Mice (MVM) are extended and copied to create imperfectly palindromic duplex junction sequences that bridge adjacent genomes in concatameric replicative-form DNA. These are resolved by the viral initiator protein, NS1, but mechanisms employed at the two telomeres differ. Left-end:left-end junctions are resolved asymmetrically at a single site, OriLTC, by NS1 acting in concert with a host factor, parvovirus initiation factor (PIF). Replication segregates doublet and triplet sequences, initially present as unpaired nucleotides in the bubble region of the left-end hairpin stem, to either side of the junction. These act as spacers between the NS1 and PIF binding sites, and their asymmetric distribution sets up active (OriLTC) and inactive (OriLGAA) forms of OriL. We used a reverse genetic approach to disrupt this asymmetry and found that neither opposing doublets nor triplets in the hairpin bubble were tolerated. Viable mutants were isolated at low frequency and found to contain second-site mutations that either restored the asymmetry or crippled one PIF binding site. These mutations either inactivated the inboard or activated the outboard form of OriL, a polarity that strongly suggests that, in the genus Parvovirus, an active inboard OriL is lethal.
Formation-based cooperative transportation by a group of non-holonomic mobile robots

In this study, motion planning and control scheme for a cooperative transportation system, which consists of a single object and multiple autonomous non-holonomic mobile robots, is proposed. Virtual leader-follower formation control strategy is used for the cooperative transportation system. The object is assumed as the virtual leader of the system and the robots carrying the object are considered as follower robots. A smooth path is generated by considering the constraints of the virtual robot. The origin of the coordinate system attached to the center of gravity of the object tracks the generated path. A path for each follower robot is generated to keep the formation structure. The follower robots track their paths. A communication framework is used for the messaging between robots, and asymptotically stable tracking control is used for trajectory tracking. The proposed method is verified with real applications and simulations using Pioneer P3-DX mobile robots and a single object.
Khat and oral cancer

Abstract Oral cancers in the Asir region of Saudi Arabia have been observed to occurmostly among patients who have been long-term khat users. In a survey that reviewed cancers for the past two years there were 28 head and neck cancer patients, 10 of whom presented with a history of having chewed khat. One of these was a case of metastatic cervical lymph node and unknown primary, one was a parotid tumour, and the remaining eight presented with oral cancers. All were non-smoking khat chewers and all of them had used itover a period of 25 years or longer. We conclude that this strong correlation between khat chewing and oral cancer warrants attention.
Value of the MoCA Test as a Screening Instrument in Multiple Sclerosis

Objective: Since a large proportion of multiple sclerosis (MS) patients exhibit cognitive deficits, it is important to have reliable and cost-effective screening measures that can be used to follow patients effectively. the objective of this study was to evaluate the clinical value of the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) test in detecting cognitive deficits in MS patients. Methods: Forty-one (70.1% women, mean age 44.51 ±7.43) mildly impaired (EDSS: 2.26 ±1.87) MS patients were recruited for this study. In addition to the MoCA, they were administered the MSNQ-P (patient version) and the MSNQ-I (informant version), the bDI-FS and a comprehensive neuropsychological test battery. Results: there were significant correlations between the MoCA test and the three factors derived from the neuropsychological evaluation (Executive/speed of processing, Learning, Delayed recall). the MoCA test was correlated with the MSNQ-I but only marginally with the MSNQ-P. In addition, there was no significant correlation between the MSNQ-P and the neuropsychological factors, whereas significant correlations were found between two of those factors (Learning and Delayed recall) and the MSNQ-I, suggesting that the informant version is more reliable than the patient version for the presence of cognitive deficits. Conclusion: the results obtained in the present study support the value of the MoCA test as a screening tool for the presence of cognitive dysfunction in MS patients, even in patients with mild functional disability (EDSS).
Enhanced video streaming over COFDM based wireless LANs using combined space time block coding and Reed Solomon concatenated coding

An enhanced system for video streaming over wireless LANs at 5 GHz (IEEE802.11a/g and Hiperlan/2) is presented. The proposed system employs space time block codes (STBC) combined with a Reed Solomon (RS) convolutional concatenated coding scheme in order to provide reliable transmission of MPEG2 streams without strong reliance on ARQ. PER performances are presented and throughput enhancements are evaluated via link adaptation for different RS correction capabilities (8 and 32 bytes) and different STBC configurations (2Tx-1Rx and 2Tx-2Rx). The proposed system with a 2Tx-2Rx STBC and a 32 byte correction capability RS code allows a gain of 10 dB over the standard performance of IEEE802.11a and 2 dB over a 2Tx-2Rx STBC system for a PER of 10/sup -2/.
Bone mineral density in adult coeliac disease: an updated review.

INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVES coeliac disease (CD) affects around 1-2 % of the world population. Most patients are now diagnosed when adults, suffering the consequences of an impaired bone mineralization. This review aims to provide an updated discussion on the relationship between low bone mineral density (BMD), osteopenia and osteoporosis, and CD. METHODS a PubMed search restricted to the last 15 years was conducted. Sources cited in the results were also reviewed to identify potential sources of information. RESULTS low BMD affects up to 75 % of celiac patients, and can be found at any age, independently of positive serological markers and presence of digestive symptoms. The prevalence of CD among osteoporotic patients is also significantly increased. Two theories try to explain this origin of low BMD: Micronutrients malabsorption (including calcium and vitamin D) determined by villous atrophy has been related to secondary hyperparathyroidism and incapacity to achieve the potential bone mass peak; chronic inflammation was also related with RANKL secretion, osteoclasts activation and increased bone resorption. As a consequence, celiac patients have a risk for bone fractures that exceed 40 % that of matched non-affected population. Treatment of low BMD in CD comprises gluten-free diet, calcium and vitamin D supplementation, and biphosphonates, although its effects on CD have not been specifically assessed. CONCLUSIONS up to 75 % of celiac patients and 40 % of that diagnosed in adulthood present a low BMD and a variable increase in the risk of bone fractures. Epidemiological changes in CD make bone density scans more relevant for adult coeliacs.
Mating types and pheromone recognition in the Homobasidiomycete schizophyllum commune.

In the homobasidiomycete Schizophyllum commune the mating type genes of the B locus encode pheromones and pheromone receptors in multiple allelic specificities. Interaction of non-self pheromones and receptors leads to induction of B-regulated development easily scored in S. commune by the "flat" phenotype which lacks aerial mycelium formation and shows aberrant hyphal morphology. In contrast, self pheromones are not recognized and B-regulated development is not induced. Natural and mutant alleles of receptors have been analyzed for their specificity in transformation assays, and parts of the receptor involved in ligand discrimination can be described. The biological role of pheromone response in S. commune is assumed to be connected to nuclear migration based on the observation that wild-type cells with a receptor gene of different specificity lead to cells capable of nuclear uptake. Other possible roles for pheromone function are discussed.
Surgical treatment of synchronous early esophageal and gastric cancer : esophageal reconstruction with a retrograde gastric tube

A 51-year-old man with a 5 days history of mild dysphagia was referred to our hospital. Computed tomography of the chest and abdomen showed a bulge tumor of the lower third esophageal wall and a malignant lesion in the antrum in the distal part of the stomach. The patient underwent a left anterolateral thoracotomy through the sixth intercostal space via a ventral midline incision, with a two-field lymph node dissection of the upper abdomen and mediastinum. The proximal stomach was divided into two parts. One part was used for a gastroesophageal anastomosis, called a retrograde gastric tube. The other part was used for a gastrojejunal end-to-side anastomosis. The retrograde gastric tube was placed in the esophageal bed and the lesser curvature of the remnant stomach was in the abdominal cavity. The patient started a liquid diet on postoperative day 9 and was discharged on postoperative day 15. On follow-up one and a half years after surgery, the patient was in a good condition and there was no evidence of recurrence or metastases. In this report, we demonstrate that a retrograde gastric tube can be used for reconstruction in patients with synchronous early low esophageal and distal gastric cancer.
Sustained feedback effects of L-horizontal cells on turtle cones

Prolonged stimulation of the periphery of their receptive field can evoke in turtle cones sustained complex depolarizations or sustained membrane oscillations. In cones in which such effects of prolonged peripheral stimulation are not apparent, the injection of short depolarizing pulses can reveal a sustained increase of electrical excitability in response to prolonged peripheral illumination. The sustained effects of prolonged peripheral illumination have characteristics similar to those of the feedback depolarizations evoked by flash peripheral stimulation: they are labile in untreated retinas, can be blocked by either hyperpolarization, Co2+ or agents that depolarize the L-horizontal cells. They are associated with a decrease in the membrane input resistance. In retinas bathed in Sr2+- or Ba2+-containing media, prolonged peripheral illumination evokes a sustained repetitive discharge of spikes. These experiments demonstrate that the feedback effects of the L-horizontal cells on the cones are not only transient but also sustained and that the sustained effects of peripheral stimulations are associated with an increase in membrane Ca2+ conductance. The possible nature of the feedback connection between L-horizontal cells and the cones is discussed.
Intra-partum transvaginal cranial decompression of intracranial teratoma

Intracranial teratomas are rare tumours that are usually lethal (Pilu and Nicolaides 2002) as they are normally very large at the time of diagnosis and occupy most of the cranial cavity with subsequent hydrocephalus and destruction of the brain structures. To our knowledge, this is the first report of intra-partum decompression with the use of a chorionic villus sampling (CVS) needle aiming at vaginal delivery. The ethical dilemmas are discussed.
Metabolic Fate of 14C‐Labeled Glutamate in Astrocytes in Primary Cultures

Abstract: The metabolic fate of L‐[U‐14C]‐ and L‐[l‐14C]glutamate was studied in primary cultures of mouse astrocytes. Conversion of the uniformly labeled compound to glutamine and aspartate was followed by determination of specific activities after dansylation with [3H]dansyl chloride and subsequent thin layer chromatography of the dansylated amino acids. Metabolic fluxes were calculated from the alterations of specific activities and the pool sizes, which were likewise measured by a dansylation method. Formation of 13CO2 from [l‐14C]glutamate was determined by the trapping of CO2 in hyamine hydroxide in a gas‐tight chamber, which is, in the known absence of glutamate decarboxylase activity in the cultured astrocytes, an unequivocal expression of the metabolic flux via α‐ketoglutarate to CO2 and succinyl‐CoA. The metabolic fluxes determined by these procedures amounted to 2.4 nmol/midmg protein for glutamine synthesis, 1.1 nmolimidmg protein for aspartate production, and 4.1 nmollmidmg protein for formation and subsequent decarboxylation of α‐ ketoglutarate. The latter process was unaffected by virtually complete inhibition of glutamate‐oxaloacetic transaminase with aminooxyacetic acid, indicating that the formation of α‐ketoglutarate occurs as an oxidative deamination rather than as a transamination. This suggests that the formation of α‐ketoglutarate from glutamate represents a net degradation, not an isotopic exchange.
Complications in Reverse Total Shoulder Arthroplasty

Abstract Reverse total shoulder arthroplasty was initially used to manage complex shoulder problems. Indications have been expanded to include rotator cuff arthropathy, massive rotator cuff tear, failed shoulder arthroplasty, and fracture sequelae. Increased use of primary reverse total shoulder arthroplasty has led to reports of associated problems unique to the procedure. The most common complications include neurologic injury, periprosthetic fracture, hematoma, infection, scapular notching, dislocation, mechanical baseplate failure, and acromial fracture. Little information has been published regarding best practices for managing these complications.
Fuzzy correlation and support vector learning approach to multi-categorization of documents

In this paper, we propose a new text categorization method for the multi-class and multi-label problems based on support vector machines in conjunction with fuzzy correlation. Support vector machines (SVMs) are learning systems that use a hypothesis space of linear function in a high dimensional feature space, trained with a learning algorithm from optimization theory that implements a learning bias derived from statistical learning theory. SVMs provide efficient and powerful categorization algorithms, which are capable of dealing with high dimensional input space. In addition to SVM, we use concept of fuzzy correlation, which can measure correlation degree between two-variable or two-attribute. We employ fuzzy correlation to measure correlation between unclassified documents and predefined categories. This way not only solves multi-class classification but also multi-label categorization problems.
Parental School Involvement and Children's Academic Achievement

Developing collaborations between families and schools to promote academic success has a long-standing basis in research and is the focus of numerous programs and policies. We outline some of the mechanisms through which parental school involvement affects achievement and identify how patterns and amounts of involvement vary across cultural, economic, and community contexts and across developmental levels. We propose next steps for research, focusing on the importance of considering students' developmental stages, the context in which involvement takes place, and the multiple perspectives through which involvement may be assessed. Finally, we discuss enhancing involvement in diverse situations.
Automating Wavefront Parallelization for Sparse Matrix Computations

This paper presents a compiler and runtime framework for parallelizing sparse matrix computations that have loop-carried dependences. Our approach automatically generates a runtime inspector to collect data dependence information and achieves wavefront parallelization of the computation, where iterations within a wavefront execute in parallel, and synchronization is required across wavefronts. A key contribution of this paper involves dependence simplification, which reduces the time and space overhead of the inspector. This is implemented within a polyhedral compiler framework, extended for sparse matrix codes. Results demonstrate the feasibility of using automatically-generated inspectors and executors to optimize ILU factorization and symmetric Gauss-Seidel relaxations, which are part of the Preconditioned Conjugate Gradient (PCG) computation. Our implementation achieves a median speedup of 2.97× on 12 cores over the reference sequential PCG implementation, significantly outperforms PCG parallelized using Intel's Math Kernel Library (MKL), and is within 6% of the median performance of manually-parallelized PCG.
NMDA subunit antagonism reduces inflammatory pain in male and female rats

Correspondence: Dr Gabriel C Quintero Center for Neurosciences, INDICASAT-AIP, No. 219 Clayton, Ciudad del Saber, Panamá, Panamá Tel +1 507 397 9772 Fax +1 507 397 9772 Email gquintero2008@gmail.com Background: Studies have shown that N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptors play a critical role in pain processing at different levels of the central nervous system. Methods: In this study, we used adult Wistar rats to examine gender differences in the effects of NR2B NMDA antagonism at the level of the anterior cingulate cortex in phasic pain, and in the first and second phases of a formalin test. Rats underwent stereotactic surgery for cannula implantation in the anterior cingulate cortex. After recovery, paw withdrawal latency to a noxious thermal stimulus was assessed. Rats were also subjected to a formalin pain test whereby 60 μL of 5% formalin was injected into the right hind paw. Results: Female and male rats that received Ro 25-6981, an NR2B antagonist, before formalin injection showed significantly reduced pain responses to the formalin test compared with salineinjected control rats (P , 0.05). No gender differences in phasic pain responses were found in rats treated with Ro 25-6981. Conclusion: These results suggest that cortical antagonism of the NR2B subunit reduces inflammatory pain levels in both genders of rat.
Theory of Extended Linear Machines

This paper extends the theory of autonomous linear machines (LMs). The theory of the extension field has provided the foundation for the design of such machines referred to as Extended Linear Machines (ELM). An analytical framework has been reported to completely characterize the vector subspace generated by an ELM and also different variations of LMs having cyclic, as well as noncyclic vector subspaces. This formulation has resulted in a single algorithm that characterizes each of the vector subspaces in terms of cyclic and noncyclic subspaces. An ELM significantly reduces the computation time for characterizing the model and study of the behavior of the physical system compared to conventional binary linear machines.
The gut‐brain‐liver axis: A new option to treat obesity and diabetes?

Energy and glucose homeostasis are regulated by food intake and liver glucose production, respectively. The upper intestine has a critical role in nutrient digestion and absorption. However, studies indicate that upper intestinal lipids inhibit food intake as well in rodents and humans by the activation of an intestine–brain axis. In parallel, a brain–liver axis has recently been proposed to detect blood lipids to inhibit glucose production in rodents. Thus, we tested the hypothesis that upper intestinal lipids activate an intestine–brain–liver neural axis to regulate glucose homeostasis. Here we demonstrate that direct administration of lipids into the upper intestine increased upper intestinal long-chain fatty acylcoenzyme A (LCFA-CoA) levels and suppressed glucose production. Co-infusion of the acyl-CoA synthase inhibitor triacsin C or the anaesthetic tetracaine with duodenal lipids abolished the inhibition of glucose production, indicating that upper intestinal LCFA-CoAs regulate glucose production in the preabsorptive state. Subdiaphragmatic vagotomy or gut vagal deafferentation interrupts the neural connection between the gut and the brain, and blocks the ability of upper intestinal lipids to inhibit glucose production. Direct administration of the N-methyl-D-aspartate ion channel blocker MK-801 into the fourth ventricle or the nucleus of the solitary tract where gut sensory fibres terminate abolished the upper-intestinal-lipid-induced inhibition of glucose production. Finally, hepatic vagotomy negated the inhibitory effects of upper intestinal lipids on glucose production. These findings indicate that upper intestinal lipids activate an intestine– brain–liver neural axis to inhibit glucose production, and thereby reveal a previously unappreciated pathway that regulates glucose
Effectiveness and feasibility of a cognitive-behavioral group intervention for body image disturbance in women with eating disorders.

OBJECTIVE The present study investigated the effectiveness and feasibility of a cognitive-behavioral group intervention for the treatment of body image disturbance in women with eating disorders. METHOD The study used a multiple-baseline design and enrolled 38 participants with a range of eating disorders. The intervention targeted attitudinal and behavioral components of body image disturbance using psychoeducation, self-monitoring, systematic desensitization, and cognitive restructuring. Primary outcomes included multidimensional body image assessment (effectiveness) and treatment adherence and satisfaction (feasibility). RESULTS Participants undergoing manualized group treatment reported significantly less body image disturbance than participants randomized to a waitlist control condition. However, differences disappeared after both groups had been through intervention. Participants also reported less depression and eating disorder pathology from baseline to posttreatment, however this difference was not considered statistically significant. Feasibility outcomes suggest the intervention was well received and highly acceptable to participants. CONCLUSIONS Findings emphasize the importance of adding an evidence-based body image component to standard eating disorder treatment.