Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Detection and Prevention of Voltage Instability Using PMU Data for Secured Operation of Power Systems

Synchrophasor measurement-based technique for monitoring of Voltage Instability has been proposed in this paper. The time-series data of Voltage magnitude and reactive power loss has been procured from the Phasor Measurement Units for predicting voltage instability in real-time. This information can be used by the system operator to prevent any false operation of the zone 3 distance relay interpreting the voltage instability to be a fault. Moreover, an early indication of voltage instability also facilitates the system operator in carrying out load shedding as the remedial action for mitigating voltage collapse. The amount of load to be shed is decided by computation of injection shift factor obtained from the high frequency synchronized measurements. The efficacy of the technique has been verified on the New England 39 bus system.
A Multi-Component Conical Spring Model of Soft Tissue in Virtual Surgery

With the rapid development of optical system and medical robotic technology, the virtual surgery approach has achieved good progress but also faces many challenges. Physical and mechanical models of soft tissue characteristics have been a hot research topic in this field. In the present investigation, a physical model with a new multi-component conical spring is proposed, which replaces the cylindrical spring of the traditional mass-spring model. In the new model, a multi-component spring structure has been incorporated that consists of a conical spring and a linear spring in series. Based on the analysis of the nonlinear characteristics of soft tissue, the mechanical model was established to correspond better with the physical behavior. To determine the parameters for the mechanical model, the Euler method was deployed. The determination of the model parameters was achieved using physical tests. Result simulation experiments confirmed that the behavior of the new multi-component conical spring model proposed in the present paper gives results that are closer to those obtained from real-world physical tests than were data given by either the mass-conical-spring model or the mass-spring-model. Average difference, maximum difference and mean square error values were used for the evaluation. The accuracy of simulations for soft tissue virtual surgery can be improved by application of the new model developed in the present study.
Schottky Source LDMOS - Electrical SOA Improvement through BJT Suppression

This paper introduces the first application of a Schottky source approach for the purpose of expanding the Electrical Safe Operating Area (E-SOA) of a HV Transistor. Replacing the conventional PN source with a Schottky source suppresses the parasitic BJT enabling significant improvement in the E-SOA, particularly for very fast pulses. Under these conditions, improvement in the trigger voltage and current of a 40V n-LDMOS is 5.6% and 117% respectively. The breakdown voltage of 57V is maintained and a competitive on-resistance of 31.5 mOhm.mm2 achieved.
Review of Reconfigurable Antennas for Future Wireless Communication

Requirement for future wireless communication system is large number of antennas on the single board for performing multiple functions. This imposes constraints on size, weight, volume etc especially for wireless handheld and space applications. Reconfigurable antennas present a latest improvement in antenna design that changes the conventional fixed-form antenna having predetermined functional parameters to adjustable structures that can be modified to fit the necessities of time varying system. This paper presents a review of various types, techniques and design approaches of reconfigurable antenna and antenna arrays.
Near-Interface Trap Model for the Low Temperature Conductance Signal in SiC MOS Capacitors With Nitrided Gate Oxides

The low channel-carrier mobility in commercial SiC MOSFETs has been attributed to fast electron traps labeled “NI. ” These traps exhibit anomalous behavior compared to other interface trap signals. Furthermore, the electrical parameters extracted from a conventional interface trap analysis of the NI signal are not physically reasonable. To explore the origin of these traps, we fabricated SiC MOS capacitors and measured the conductance across a range of temperatures (between 50 and 300 K). By analyzing the surface electron density at the signal peaks, it is evident that these traps are in fact near-interface traps (NITs)—they are located within the oxide and exchange electrons via a tunneling mechanism. We also developed a model for the conductance generated by NITs and demonstrated a good fit to the experimental data. The knowledge that the NI signal is due to NITs will help in directing future efforts to improve SiC MOSFET performance.
Edge Termination Design with Strong Process Robustness for 1.2 kV-class 4H-SiC Super Junction V-groove MOSFETs

We have demonstrated 4H-SiC super junction V-groove MOSFETs (SJ-VMOSFETs) with an extremely low specific on-resistance ($R_{on, sp}$) of $0.67 \mathrm{m}\Omega$ cm2 and with a high blocking voltage (VB) of 1170 V [1]. We have adopted double reduced surface junction termination extensions (DR-JTEs) as a new edge termination for the SJ-VMOSFETs in order to deplete the highly doped drift layer and current spreading layer (CSL) over 1x10$^{17} cm^{-3}$. We evaluated the process robustness of the DRJTEs and other conventional edge terminations by using TCAD simulation.
The nonpollinating wasp fauna of Ficus pertusa: exploitation of a

I describe aspects of the life histories of the 3 nonpollinating wasps (Torymidae) associated with a common fig tree in Costa Rica.Specifically I consider patterns of wasp arrival to trees, oviposition behavior, larval ecology and species specificity of the fig/non pollinator interaction.The purpose is: to contrast life histories of mutualist and non mutualist wasp dependent upon the same fig ; to examine how the fig/pollinator mutualism limits and is limited by the non pollinating wasps; to make some predictions about the evolution of the interaction between figs and their non pollinating wasps
Bistatic ISAR Imaging Approach for Maneuvering Targets with Sparse Aperture

The novel algorithm of bistatic inverse synthetic aperture radar (Bi-ISAR) for maneuvering target with sparse aperture is proposed. The global minimum entropy algorithm and eigenvector method are used to obtain the high precision motion compensation. Then, the chirp-Fourier dictionary is constructed, and the modified orthogonal matching pursuit (OMP) algorithm is employed to solve the optimization problem to yield the high-resolution Bi-ISAR images. The simulation results are given to validate the performance of the presented algorithm.
Successful endotracheal intubation using i‐gel supraglottic airway device and ultrasonography in a patient with bedside cervical traction: A case report

We report a case of successful endotracheal intubation using i‐gel and ultrasonography without a laryngoscope in a patient with a bedside cervical traction device. A 57‐year‐old man was referred to the emergency department because of quadriparesis following a motor vehicle accident, who was confirmed to have cervical dislocation with spinal cord compression. For ventilation support, the i‐gel rescue airway device was placed to secure the patient airway temporarily. Then, an endotracheal tube was passed through the stem of the i‐gel while observing the optimal tube position with ultrasonography. This case showed that ultrasonography can be used for early confirmation of endotracheal tube placement into the trachea via the i‐gel.
The Role of Grown-In Defects in Silicon Minority Carrier Lifetime Degradation During Thermal Treatment in Epitaxial Growth Chambers

Severe silicon lifetime degradation was found after its high-temperature treatment in III–V material growth chambers for the fabrication of III–V/Si multijunction solar cells. Further improvement of the cell efficiency requires insights into the root cause of such lifetime degradation and how to protect the silicon lifetime accordingly. While the exact origins of such degradation remain largely unknown, most published work concluded that extrinsic impurities that diffuse into the silicon bulk during the thermal treatment are the sole reason. In this article, we show that while not necessarily present in every float-zone silicon wafer, grown-in defects that can be thermally activated is also a key mechanism behind the observed silicon lifetime degradation during anneal in our molecular beam epitaxy chamber. As such, annealing of the silicon wafer in the furnace at 1000 °C to annihilate the grown-in defects, together with the deposition of a SiNX diffusion barrier to prevent the extrinsic impurities from diffusing into the silicon bulk, are both required to preserve the silicon lifetime throughout the III–V material growth steps.
PRESS-Play: Musical Engagement as a Motivating Platform for Social Interaction and Social Play in Young Children with ASD

Musical experiences are ubiquitous in early childhood. Beyond potential benefits of musical activities for young children with typical development, there has long been interest in harnessing music for therapeutic purposes for individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). However, there is debate as to the effectiveness of these approaches and thus a need to identify mechanisms of change (or active ingredients) by which musical experiences may impact social development in young children with ASD. In this review, we introduce the PRESS-Play framework, which conceptualizes musical activities for young children with ASD within an applied behavior analysis framework consistent with the principles of naturalistic developmental behavioral interventions. Specifically, the PRESS-Play framework proposes that musical activities support key elements of evidence-based approaches for social engagement including predictability, reinforcement, emotion regulation, shared attention, and social play context, providing a platform for delivery and receipt of social and behavioral instruction via a transactional, developmental approach. PRESS-Play considers that these factors may impact not only the child with ASD but also their interaction partner, such as a parent or peer, creating contexts conducive for validated social engagement and interaction. These principles point to focused theories of change within a clinical-translational framework in order to experimentally test components of social-musical engagement and conduct rigorous, evidence-based intervention studies.
ProCAVIAR: Hybrid Data-Driven and Probabilistic Knowledge-Based Activity Recognition

The recognition of physical activities using sensors on mobile devices has been mainly addressed with supervised and semi-supervised learning. The state-of-the-art methods are mainly based on the analysis of the user’s movement patterns that emerge from inertial sensors data. While the literature on this topic is quite mature, existing approaches are still not adequate to discriminate activities characterized by similar physical movements. The context that surrounds the user (e.g., semantic location) could be used as additional information to significantly extend the set of recognizable activities. Since collecting a comprehensive training set with activities performed in every possible context condition is too costly, if possible at all, existing works proposed knowledge-based reasoning over ontological representation of context data to refine the predictions obtained from machine learning. A problem with this approach is the rigidity of the underlying logic formalism that cannot capture the intrinsic uncertainty of the relationships between activities and context. In this work, we propose a novel activity recognition method that combines semi-supervised learning and probabilistic ontological reasoning. We model the relationships between activities and context as a combination of soft and hard ontological axioms. For each activity, we use a probabilistic ontology to compute its compatibility with the current context conditions. The output of probabilistic semantic reasoning is combined with the output of a machine learning classifier based on inertial sensor data to obtain the most likely activity performed by the user. The evaluation of our system on a dataset with 13 types of activities performed by 26 subjects shows that our probabilistic framework outperforms both a pure machine learning approach and previous hybrid approaches based on classic ontological reasoning.
Ear Biometric Detection Using Edge-Map Generation Technique

Edge map generation technique is the most significant task in image processing systems to detect certain objects in an image, which contain vital information about objects of an image. Therefore, this paper proposes a method to detect ear using edge map generation technique along with canny edge detection using IIT Delhi database ear images. The edge map generation technique generates two different edge maps of same ear images is implemented into a single edge-map that combines Gaussian filtering to enhance the illuminations, image binarization and canny edge detection. These subsequent steps make it suitable to achieve high edge map generation technique. The false edges are drastically reduced by the proposed edge map generation technique as well as for accurate and fast ear detection which was tested with IIT Delhi ear database. Among all other edge detections, the canny edge detection gives better performances and provides the best result. The MATLAB software is used to execute the proposed technique. The analyzed parameters are evaluated as PSNR, RMSE and error edge map.
Polarization Monopulse Forward-Looking Imaging Algorithm Based on BADS Optimization

In this paper, a novel polarization monopulse forward-looking imaging algorithm is proposed, the core idea is solving the maximum likelihood estimation (MLE) problem by bayesian adaptive direct search (BADS) optimization. The simulation results show that unresolved targets can be resolved and relocated accurately in the real beam imaging result and the imaging performance is greatly improved. The comparison with gradient descent also validates its superiority in terms of accuracy and robustness of direction of arrival (DOA) and polarization parameters estimation. Meanwhile, the proposed algorithm can accurately identify three targets within a beam, including a dihedral and two trihedral targets.
Seed priming to improve germination and seedling growth of safflower {Carthamus tinctorius) under salt stress

Background: Salinity affect germination and seedling growth of several crop species, many techniques are used to improve tolerance and development of plants. Priming is an effective technique that improves germination of several vegetables crop under saline condition. That's why, this experiment was carried to study the effect of seed priming with 5 g/L NaCI and KCI on germination and seedlings growth of safflower {Carthamus tinctorius) exposed to five levels of salinity (0, 5,10,15 and 20 g/L). Materials and Methods: Safflower seeds were soaked in solutions of NaCI (5 g/L for 12 h) and KCI (5 g/L for 24 h) at 20°C. Primed and non primed seeds were put to germinate in petri dishes and irrigated with saline solutions of five concentrations of NaCI (0, 5,10,15 and 20 g/L). Results: NaCI and KCI priming have improved germination parameters (germination percentage, mean germination time, germination index and coefficient of velocity) and growth parameters (radicle and seedling length, seedling fresh and dry weight and Vigour Index) of safflower under saline condition. Conclusions: The present study revealed that, under salt stress, NaCI and KCI priming could be used as a method to improve safflower seed germination. However, further studies are needed to highlight effects of NaCI and KCI seed priming on future growth and development of the culture.
Robust Minimum Geometric Power Distortionless Response Beamforming with Sparse Constraint in Heavy-tailed Noise of Unknown Statistics

For impulsive noise environment, the adaptive beamformers based on second-order statistics often degrade severely. In this paper, a robust minimum geometric power distortionless response beamforming with sparse constraint is presented for arbitrary algebraically tailed impulsive signal of unknown statistics. The impulsive signal does not have finite second-order and higher order moments due to its property of heavy tails. Unlike the majority of the existing beamformers based on the second-order statistics, the proposed beamforming method minimizes a constrained mixed geometric power and $l_{1}$-norm optimization problem. The geometric power effectively characterizes the process strength of the algebraically tailed distribution, while the $l_{1}$-norm regularized term enforces the sparsity of the beam pattern. Therefore, the proposed algorithm can provide the potential for improved beamforming capability in the presence of impulse signals. Moreover, two adaptive algorithms, namely, the stochastic gradient (LMS)-based and the recursive least-squares (RLS)-based algorithms, are derived to solve the formulated optimization problem. Additionally, computational complexity analysis is conducted and shows that a comparable complexity between the proposed algorithms and the existing tailed impulsive beamformers. Simulation cases without and with mutual coupling are considered to illustrate that the proposed algorithms are more robust than other popular adaptive beamformers for impulsive signals.
THE ASSOCIATION OF YEASTS WITH CERTAIN BARK BEETLES

There is now a vast literature describing various aspects of the rela? tionship between insects and microorganisms (see e.g. Steinhaus, 1946). Taxonomic studies on yeasts associated with bark beetles began when Beck (1922) described a new species of yeast, Endomyces bisporus, which she isolated repeatedly from the galleries of Ips typographus attacking spruce in Austria. Siemaszko (1939) also noted this yeast associated with Ips typographus in Picea excelsa in Poland. StellingDekker (1931) renamed this yeast Endomycopsis bispora, because it forms blastospores besides true mycelium. It was finally renamed Hansenula beckii (Beck) by Wickerham (1951) since it utilizes nitrate-ion as a single source of nitrogen, a typical characteristic for species of Hansenula. Lodder and van Rij (1952), however, feel that the yeast should be maintained in Endomycopsis in spite of the fact that it is nitrate positive, because of its abundant production of true mycelium. It may be well to point out that all studies on this yeast were done with the original isolate of Beck. The only other report in the literature, which describes the occurrence of this yeast in Ips typographus, is a paper by Grosmann (1930). Her insect material was collected from two well separated areas in central Germany. Beside E. bisporus, she found various wood staining fungi and another yeast producing hatshaped spores (2-4 per ascus) which dehisce early. This yeast did not produce mycelium or pseudomycelium. The possibility was considered that this yeast might belong to Hansenula. A third type did not pro? duce spores. Grosmann also found yeasts in the intestinal tract of adults and larvae and in fresh excreta. The view was expressed that the yeasts are not essential for the growth of the insects, but merely live in association with them as commensals. Rumbold (1931) and Leach, Orr and Christensen (1934) also noted the regular occurrence of yeasts and yeast-like organisms in association with bark beetles and bluestaining fungi. Somewhat later Holst (1936) showed that a new spe? cies of yeast, which was named Zygosaccharomyces pini, could be iso? lated regularly from phloem galleries and the bark beetles Dendroctonus and Ips from various parts of the United States. This yeast, lacking
Robust Beamforming for SWIPT in Massive MIMO

In this paper, joint robust information- and energy-beamformers are designed for simultaneous wireless information and power transfer (SWIPT) in a multiuser beamspace massive multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) system with imperfect channel state information (CSI). Instead of directly resorting to semi-definite relaxation (SDR), we reduce the computational complexity by converting the initial non-convex optimization to a power allocation problem, where the optimal beamforming vectors are derived in closed-form. Theoretical results and simulations demonstrate that the proposed method achieves the globally optimal point for the initial design when the channel estimation errors are small, and leads to good suboptimal performance when the channel estimation errors are large.
Joint Transmit Beamforming for Multiuser MIMO Communication and MIMO Radar

Nowadays spectrum sharing of radar and communication has becoming a challenging problem. In this paper, we proposed a joint beamforming model for MIMO radar and multiuser MIMO communication sharing spectrum and transmit array. In our model, the transmit array transmits the weighed sums of orthogonal radar waveforms and communication symbols. An optimization problem is formulated to design the weighing coefficients to optimize the performance of MIMO radar transmit beamforming, under the constraints that the signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratio (SINR) at each communication user is higher than a given threshold. Although the proposed optimization problem is not convex, we prove that the problem can be converted to a convex one by zero-forcing the inter-user interference. The performance trade-off between radar and communication is shown in the simulation results.
Role of Glandular Trichomes in the Resistance of Lycopersicon hirsutum f. glabratum to Colorado Potato Beetle (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae)

The accession PI 134417-3 of the wild tomato species Lycopersicon hirsutum f. glabratum C. H. Mull. , which was previously selected for its high level of resistance to Manduca sexta L. and which is highly resistant also to Heliothis zea (Boddie), was found to be highly resistant to the Colorado potato beetle (CPB) Leptinotarsa decemlineata (Say). Although potato beetle adults laid ca. 3-fold more eggs on PI 134417-3 than on the cultivated tomato cv. Walter in field experiments, extensive mortality of larvae on PI 134417-3 resulted in populations of late instar larvae being significantly lower than those of ‘Walter. ’ In laboratory experiments, removal of the glandular trichome tips from PI 134417-3 leaflets by swabbing with ethanol resulted in a dramatic reduction in the level of resistance, but did not render the plants as susceptible to CPB as the tomato cv. Walter.