Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Non-cardiogenic pulmonary oedema after neostigmine given for reversal: A report of two cases

Non-cardiogenic pulmonary oedema (NCPE) is a clinical syndrome characterized by simultaneous presence of severe hypoxemia, bilateral alveolar infiltrates on chest radiograph, and no evidence of left atrial hypertension/congestive heart failure/fluid overload. The diagnosis of drug-related NCPE relies upon documented exclusion of other causes of NCPE like gastric aspiration, sepsis, trauma, negative pressure pulmonary oedema, etc. We describe two cases (45-year male and 6-year male), who had undergone elective surgery under general anaesthesia. They developed NCPE within 3-5 minutes after administration of ‘neostigmine-glycopyrrolate’ used to reverse residual neuromuscular blockade. Both patients were treated successfully with mechanical ventilatory support, and adjuvant therapy, viz., frusemide, dopamine, steroids. This report emphasizes that this fatal complication may be seen with neostigmine, the pathogenic mechanism remains unknown, and it probably is a drug-related NCPE.
Wavelet Transform Based Data Perturbation Method for Privacy Protection

Data mining techniques are able to derive highly sensitive knowledge from unclassified data that is not even known to database holders. Usually, data mining contains the secured information such as financial and healthcare records. To handle such large private database with, data mining algorithms with privacy is required. The privacy preserving becomes important concern when we dealing security related data. Data perturbation is one of the well known methods for avoiding such kinds of privacy leakage. The objective of data perturbation method is to distort the individual data values while preserving the underlying statistical distribution properties. These data perturbation methods are assessed in terms of both their privacy parameters as well as its associated utility measure. Privacy parameters are used to measure the degree of privacy protection while data utility measures assess whether the dataset keeps the performance of data mining techniques after the data distortion. In this paper we present wavelet transformation for data perturbation. The experimental results show that wavelet transformation is a very promising data perturbation method.
Phosphate Acquisition Components of the Myxococcus xanthus Pho Regulon Are Regulated by both Phosphate Availability and Development

ABSTRACT In many organisms, phosphatase expression and phosphate (P) uptake are coordinately regulated by the Pho regulon. In Myxococcus xanthus P limitation initiates multicellular development, a process associated with changes in phosphatase expression. We sought here to characterize the link between P acquisition and development in this bacterium, an organism capable of preying upon other microorganisms as a sole nutrient source. M. xanthus seems to possess no significant internal P stores, as reducing the P concentration to less than 10 μM retarded growth within one doubling time. Pyrophosphate, polyphosphate, and glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate could support growth as sole P sources, although many other P-containing biomolecules could not (including nucleic acids and phospholipids). Several Pho regulon promoters were found to be highly active during vegetative growth, and P limitation specifically induced pstSCAB, AcPA1, and pho3 promoter activity and repressed pit expression. Enhanced pstSCAB and pho3 promoter activities in a phoP4 mutant (in the presence of high and low concentrations of P) suggested that PhoP4 acts as a repressor of these genes. However, in a phoP4 background, the activities of pstSCAB remained P regulated, suggesting that there is additional regulation by a P-sensitive factor. Initiation of multicellular development caused immediate down-regulation of Pho regulon genes and caused pstSCAB and pho3 promoter activities to become P insensitive. Hence, P acquisition components of the M. xanthus Pho regulon are regulated by both P availability and development, with developmental down-regulation overriding up-regulation by P limitation. These observations suggest that when development is initiated, subsequent changes in P availability become irrelevant to the population, which presumably has sufficient intrinsic P to ensure completion of the developmental program.
Segmentation of obstructed airway branches in CT using airway topology and statistical shape analysis

Chest pathology can lead to airway branch obstruction, and segmentation of the airways beyond obstructions is a challenge. We propose a novel method that automatically identifies points of obstruction using airway topology and statistical shape analysis and segments disconnected branches. The point of obstruction is used to define an allowed region for the airway beyond the obstruction in order to direct the segmentation. This method can be used to extend standard airway segmentation approaches and was evaluated using 42 chest CT scans of paediatric patients with tuberculosis. The algorithm was compared to manually labelled obstructions, and identified 24 of the 26 obstructed branches (where the 2 missing branches would likely be identified with more training data for the left main bronchus) and identified 18 of the 19 disconnected airway regions.
Drug complications in outpatients

OBJECTIVE: Outpatient drug complications have not been well studied. We sought to assess the incidence and characteristics of outpatient drug complications, identify their clinical and nonclinical correlates, and evaluate their impact on patient satisfaction.DESIGN: Retrospective chart reviews and patient surveys.SETTING: Eleven Boston-area ambulatory clinics.PATIENTS: We randomly selected 2,248 outpatients, 20 to 75 years old.MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS: Among 2,248 patients reporting prescription drug use, 394 (18%) reported a drug complication. In contrast, chart review revealed an adverse drug event in only 64 patients (3%). In univariate analyses, significant correlates of patient-reported drug complications were number of medical problems, number of medications, renal disease, failure to explain side effects before treatment, lower medication compliance, and primary language other than English or Spanish. In multivariate analysis, independent correlates were number of medical problems (odds ratio [OR] 1.17; 95% confidence interval [95% CI] 1.05 to 1.30), failure to explain side effects (OR 1.65; 95% CI, 1.16 to 2.35), and primary language other than English or Spanish (OR 1.40; 95% CI, 1.01 to 1.95). Patient satisfaction was lower among patients who reported drug complications (P < .0001). In addition, 48% of those reporting drug complications sought medical attention and 49% experienced worry or discomfort. On chart review, 3 (5%) of the patients with an adverse drug event required hospitalization and 8 (13%) had a documented previous reaction to the causative drug.CONCLUSIONS: Drug complications in the ambulatory setting were common, although most were not documented in the medical record. These complications increased use of the medical system and correlated with dissatisfaction with care. Our results indicate a need for better communication about potential side effects of medications, especially for patients with multiple medical problems.
Pulmonary rehabilitation in interstitial lung diseases.

INTRODUCTION Interstitial lung diseases are characterised by dyspnea on exertion, low quality of life, cough and exercise intolerance. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of comprehensive pulmonary rehabilitation in patients with interstitial lung disease. MATERIALS AND METHODS Data from patients who were referred to pulmonary rehabilitation with the diagnosis of interstitial lung diseases were included to this study. Ten patients with interstitial lung disease participated to our outpatient, 8 weeks, comprehensive pulmonary rehabilitation programme. Dyspnea was assessed with the Medical Research Council (MRC) scale; health related quality of life was assessed with the St.George's Respiratory Questionnaire (SGRQ). Exercise capacity was measured using the incremental shuttle walk test (ISWT) and endurance shuttle walk test (ESWT); anxiety and depression were assessed with the hospital anxiety depression scale (HADS). All parameters were recorded before and after pulmonary rehabilitation programme. RESULTS Dyspnea sensation, anxiety and depression scores decreased after pulmonary rehabilitation (p: 0.023, p: 0.026, p: 0.039 respectively). Also impact domains of SGRQ significantly reduced (Z= 1.988; p= 0.047). The difference between median values of ISWT results before and after pulmonary rehabilitation was 60 meters. Although it was not statistically significant (Z= 1.863; p= 0.063), the level of increment was higher than the minimaly important clinical differance for ISWT. CONCLUSION Our results showed that comprehensive pulmonary rehabilitation programmes were benefical for patients with interstitial lung diseases and it should be regarded as a standard care in this population from the early stages.
Prognostic value of hormone receptor status conversion following neoadjuvant chemotherapy in a series of operable breast cancer patients.

BACKGROUND To investigate the prognostic value of hormone receptor (HR) status conversion after neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) in patients with primary breast cancer. METHODS 267 stage II-III breast cancer patients treated with NAC who had residual disease in the breast after NAC were retrospectively studied. The patients were divided into four groups based on the HR status: Group A, patients with HR-positive both before and after NAC; Group B, patients with HR status positive-to-negative change; Group C, patients with HR status negative-to-positive change; Group D, patients with HR-negative both before and after NAC. Patients with positive HR status (regardless of before or after NAC) were treated with adjuvant endocrine therapy, and a survival analysis was performed. RESULTS In total, 15.7% of patients had HR status change after NAC. progression-free survival (PFS) in Group A was similar to that in Group C (hazard ratio, 1.16; P = 0.652), but that in Group B was significantly lesser than that in Group A (hazard ratio, 6.88; P = 0.001), and that in Group C was significantly longer than that in Group D (hazard ratio, 6.88; P = 0.001). A similar pattern of results was obtained for overall survival (OS). CONCLUSIONS The switch of HR status after NAC is remarkable for breast cancer. An HR switch may identify patients who would benefit from adjuvant endocrine therapy and impact the long-term outcome.
Imidazoline Receptor Antisera‐Selected cDNA Clone and mRNA Distribution a

ABSTRACT: A novel cDNA, designated Imidazoline Receptor Antisera‐Selected cDNA‐1 (iras‐1), encodes a 167‐kD protein. Two of its predicted peptides (42–43 kD) are immunologically consistent with a previously reported 11‐imidazoline binding protein. In the present study, two forms of iras mRNA (6.0 and 9.5 kb) were quantified across fresh rat tissues. Highest levels were found in brain (almost exclusively 6.0 kb in size), followed by liver and lung (9.5 ≥ 6.0 kb iras mRNA), kidney (6.0 > 9.5 kb), heart (6.0 kb), spleen (6.0 ≥ 9.5 kb), testes (6.0 > 9.5 kb), and skeletal muscle (6.0 > 9.5 kb). A correlation exists (ρ= 0.71, p= 0.05) between total (6.0 + 9.5 kb) iras mRNA and I1 BMAX values across rat tissues, corrected for housekeeping gene expression. Thus, total iras mRNA appears to be roughly proportional to the density of I1‐imidazoline binding sites.
Evaluation of Pathogenic Potential of Avian Influenza Virus Serotype H9N2 in Chickens

Abstract Recently seven isolates of avian influenza virus (AIV) serotype H9N2 recovered from an outbreak of AI were analyzed on the basis of their biological and molecular characteristics. All the isolates belonged to the low-pathogenicity group of AIV. To further evaluate their pathogenic potential in association with other organisms, an isolate was inoculated experimentally in chickens using different routes and subsequently challenged with infectious bronchitis virus, Ornithobacterium rhinotracheale or Escherichia coli. The virus isolation and seromonitoring data revealed a significant role of Escherichia coli in aggravating the clinical condition of the birds earlier infected with AIV (H9N2). The AIV-antigen was detected in lung, trachea, kidney, and cloacal bursa among the infected birds, using immunofluorescent antibody technique. In another experiment, chickens that were immunosuppressed chemically showed high mortality when challenged with AIV H9N2. The results indicated that this low pathogenicity AIV (H9N2) isolate could produce severe infection depending on the type of secondary opportunistic pathogens present under field conditions. This may explain the severity of infection with the present H9N2 outbreak in the field. A prolonged antibacterial therapy in flocks infected with AIV H9N2 and use of oil-based vaccine at an early age in new flocks has helped to control this infection and the disease.
BİST100 ENDEKSİ FİYAT ve İŞLEM HACMİNİN FRAKTALLIK ANALİZİ FRACTALITY ANALYSIS of BIST100 INDEX RETURNS and VOLUME

In this study, we examined the fractal structure of the BIST100 index returns and volume during the period of 04.01. 2000-19.03. 2014. In the fractality tests we used long memory analysis and the fractal dimension calculation methods. Long memory analysis was conducted via Rescaled Range (R/S) analysis, Detrended Fluctuaiton Analysis (DFA) and Smith's (2005) modified GPH analysis; fractal dimension calculations were performed with Box-Counting, Semi-Periodogram and Variogram methods. Results showed that all findings of the different methods consistent with each other, and there is no fractality in the BIST100 index returns and volume.
Exploring human robot coproduction

Recently, robots are making their way towards the small and medium enterprises at a quick pace. This is due to market demand and enabled by reduction in costs of robot systems. If robots can be introduced strategically in existing production workflows, productivity could be increased. However, the task division and interaction between human and robot co-workers need to be optimized in order to achieve this. This work-in-progress paper presents a pilot setup to explore such scenarios. We discuss early findings and we present our vision for the future of human robot coproduction.
Volatility Forecasting Using APARCH with Skewed Conditional Distributions

It is well known that distributions of financial return are fat-tailed and many models have been developed to capture fat-tail. It is not so well known that distributions are skewed. We construct skewed distributions based on symmetric distributions using Fernandez-Steel method and research the prediction of volatility together with APARCH model. Empirical results show that there are significant influences of the skewedness on simulation and prediction of volatility models. More steps ahead of prediction, more significance of influence.
A Reinforcement Learning-Based Sleep Scheduling Algorithm for Desired Area Coverage in Solar-Powered Wireless Sensor Networks

In this paper, a reinforcement learning-based sleep scheduling for coverage (RLSSC) algorithm is proposed for sustainable time-slotted operation in rechargeable sensor networks. RLSSC is a two-stage sleep scheduling algorithm. It includes the precedence operator-based group formation algorithm and the Q learning-based active node selection algorithm. First, a precedence operator is designed in the group formation algorithm to ensure the desired area coverage. All the nodes are formed into groups. Then, Q learning algorithm is expanded into a multi-sensor cooperation Q learning group model. The learning and action selection strategy are designed in a group to direct nodes in collaborative learning of working modes selection while adapting to the dynamic environment. Through the role changes of active nodes, the algorithm accomplishes the entire team learning of sleep scheduling while scheduling others into sleep modes. Experiments of RLSSC on a solar-powered wireless sensor network for area surveillance tasks are presented. Compared with LEACH and a random algorithm, the results show that RLSSC can effectively adjust the working modes of nodes in a group by perceiving the environment. In addition, it achieves the energy consumption balance between nodes so as to prolong the network lifetime while maintaining the desired coverage.
Genetic‐based plant resistance and susceptibility traits to herbivory influence needle and root litter nutrient dynamics

1 It is generally assumed that the same factors drive the decomposition of both litter and roots and that nutrient release from litter and roots is synchronized. However, few studies have explicitly tested these assumptions, and no studies have examined whether plant genetics (i.e. plant susceptibility to herbivory) could affect these relationships. 2 Here we examine the effects of herbivore susceptibility and resistance on needle and fine root litter decomposition of piñon pine, Pinus edulis. The study population consists of individual trees that are either susceptible or resistant to herbivory by the piñon needle scale, Matsucoccus acalyptus, or the stem‐boring moth, Dioryctria albovittella. Genetic analyses and long‐term experimental removals and additions of these insects to individual trees have identified trees that are naturally resistant or susceptible to M. acalyptus and D. albovittella. In addition, these herbivores increase litter chemical quality and alter soil microclimate, both of which mediate decomposition in ecosystems. 3 The effects of herbivore susceptibility and resistance on needle litter mass and phosphorus (P) loss, when significant, are largely mediated by herbivore‐induced changes to microclimate. But the effects of herbivore susceptibility and resistance on root litter nitrogen (N) and P retention, and needle litter N retention, are largely governed by herbivore‐induced changes to litter chemical quality. Whether a particular tree was resistant or susceptible to herbivores exerted a large influence on net nutrient release, but the direction of herbivore influence varied temporally. 4 The controls on decomposition vary between herbivore‐susceptible and herbivore‐resistant phenotypes. This suggests that understanding decomposition and nutrient retention in some ecosystems may require considering the effects of herbivores on above‐ and below‐ground processes and how these effects may be governed by plant genetics. 5 Synthesis. Because so few studies have attempted to quantify genetic components of ecosystem processes, the integration of ecosystem ecology with population genetics has the potential to place ecosystem science within a genetic and evolutionary framework. Using field trials of known genetic composition, ecosystem scientists may use quantitative genetics techniques to explore ecosystem traits just as population geneticists have used these techniques to explore traditional traits such as resistance to insects.
Towards the application of one-dimensional sonomyography for powered upper-limb prosthetic control using machine learning models

Background: The inherent properties of surface electromyography limit its potential for multi-degrees of freedom control. Our previous studies demonstrated that wrist angle could be predicted by muscle thickness measured from B-mode ultrasound, and hence, it could be an alternative signal for prosthetic control. However, an ultrasound imaging machine is too bulky and expensive. Objective: We aim to utilize a portable A-mode ultrasound system to examine the feasibility of using one-dimensional sonomyography (i.e. muscle thickness signals detected by A-mode ultrasound) to predict wrist angle with three different machine learning models – (1) support vector machine (SVM), (2) radial basis function artificial neural network (RBF ANN), and (3) back-propagation artificial neural network (BP ANN). Study Design: Feasibility study using nine healthy subjects. Methods: Each subject performed wrist extension guided at 15, 22.5, and 30 cycles/minute, respectively. Data obtained from 22.5 cycles/minute trials was used to train the models and the remaining trials were used for cross-validation. Prediction accuracy was quantified by relative root mean square error (RMSE) and correlation coefficients (CC). Results: Excellent prediction was noted using SVM (RMSE = 13%, CC = 0.975), which outperformed the other methods. Conclusion: It appears that one-dimensional sonomyography could be an alternative signal for prosthetic control. Clinical relevance Surface electromyography has inherent limitations that prohibit its full functional use for prosthetic control. Research that explores alternative signals to improve prosthetic control (such as the one-dimensional sonomyography signals evaluated in this study) may revolutionize powered prosthesis design and ultimately benefit amputee patients.
The Antiaggregating and Antithrombotic Activity of Clopidogrel Is Potentiated by Aspirin in Several Experimental Models in the Rabbit

Summary It is unknown whether the addition of aspirin might increase both the efficacy and the potency of clopidogrel, a potent and selective ADP blocker. For that purpose, the efficacy of clopidogrel (1–20 mg/kg, p.o.) administered orally to rabbits alone or in combination with aspirin (0.1–10 mg/kg, p.o.) was determined in several experimental models. A potent synergistic effect of the clopidogrel/aspirin association was demonstrated with regard to collagen-induced platelet aggregation measured ex vivo. Similarly, aspirin potentiated the antithrombotic activity of clopidogrel measured with regard to experimental thrombosis induced by a silk thread or on stents placed in an arteriovenous shunt, thrombus formation following electrical stimulation of the rabbit carotid artery and with regard to 111In-labeled platelet deposition on a stent implanted in an arteriovenous shunt or on the subendothelium following air drying injury of the rabbit carotid artery. A similar potentiating effect of aspirin was obtained with regard to myointimal proliferation (restenosis) in the femoral arteries of atherosclerotic rabbits which occurred as a consequence of stent placement. The clopidogrel/aspirin combination showed only additive-type effects on bleeding time prolongation induced by ear transection in the rabbit, therefore showing that combined inhibition of cyclooxygenase and ADP‘s effects provide a marked enhanced antithrombotic efficacy. Such a combination may provide substantial protection against platelet aggregation leading to thrombotic occlusion at sites of endothelial injuries and coronary artery stenosis in humans.
Benchmarketing - Fashionable Term Concerning Traditional Processes

Marketing is a major factor to boost the competitiveness of the firm in an environment which is more and more turbulent. It centers the company’s management as being the ideal satisfaction of the current and potential consumer. This is why, in our conception, the marketing’s management represents a subsystem of the company’s’ general management by which shall be administered to specific activities, and also designed to contour the company’s’ activity object. In this article, the intent is to highlight the fact that the benchmarketing has come loose from cultivating the traditional process to the innovative organizational culture product. In this paper, the authors consider benchmarketing as a process of qualitative organizational culture adaptation to market requirements, depending on the context, so as to ensure the improvement of the economic criteria of appreciation of the business lucrative activities. Based on direct observations concerning small firms, followed by analysis, comparison and synthesis, the authors suggest taking into consideration the theoretical and practical benchmarketings’ approach, as being the current strategy of acquiring and cultivating excellence, as initiation philosophy and business development.