Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Determinants of the Aerobic Dive Limit of Weddell Seals: Analysis of Diving Metabolic Rates, Postdive End Tidal Po2's, and Blood and Muscle Oxygen Stores

The mean aerobic dive limit (ADL) for Weddell seals was calculated from data collected on diving metabolic rates (V̇o2) and blood and muscle O₂ stores. Mean diving V̇o2 of adult seals during predominantly exploratory dive patterns was 4.5 mL O2 kg−1 min−1; mean V̇o2 of a subadult seal engaged in foraging dive bouts was 8.5 mL O2 kg−1 min−1. The adult value was 30% greater than that used in past ADL calculations. Mean plasma volume was 7% body mass (BM); blood volume calculated with the highest hematocrit (Hct) observed (66) was 21% BM. Hemoglobin concentration at such an Hct was 26% by weight. End tidal Po2 (pre-and postdive) justified the use of 95% and 20% arterial O2 saturations in the blood O2 store calculation. Total blood O2 stores were 50% greater than those used in past ADL calculations. Mean myoglobin concentration (5.4% by weight) and more recent anatomical estimates of muscle mass yielded a 35% increase in muscle O2 stores. The mean estimated ADL for a 450-kg seal calculated with these new data was 19.1 min, 2.3 min greater than in past calculations and only 1 min less than the 20-min inflection point of the curve of dive duration versus postdive lactic acid appearance. For the subadult engaged in foraging dives, the mean estimated ADL was about 9 min, again quite similar to past ADL calculations.
Ethnopharmacological survey of plants used against malaria in Lubumbashi city

Ethnopharmacological survey was conducted in Lubumbashi city located in south eastern part of The Democratic Republic of the Congo in order to identify the plant species used in traditional medicine for the treatment of malaria. Thirty one healers belonging to five “communes” of Lubumbashi city namely: Kamalondo, Katuba, Kampemba, Kenya and Rwashi were interviewed about the plant species used in traditional medicine for the management of malaria in this city. The name of the plants, the plant parts, the modes of preparation and the modes of administration of recipes were recorded. Cited plants were collected and identified at herbarium of the Laboratory of Ecology and Plants Resource Management, Faculty of Sciences University of Lubumbashi. The plants ecological status was also determined. Nineteen species of plants belonging to sixteen botanical families were identified. The main habitat preference of species is cultivated (21%), trees constituted 42% of morphological type while 58% of biological type are Microphanerophytes. The decoction was the main mode of preparation (74%). Leaves constituted 57 % of plant organs used for drug preparation. Some plant species cited are known in the literature to possess antimalarial activity. Further studies should be undertaken to investigate effectiveness of other plants that have not yet been studied and to determine their chemical composition.
Use of Herbage Compost as Horticultural Substrate and Source of Plant Nutrients

ABSTRACTThe potential of herbage composts as horticultural substrate and source of nutrients was investigated. The effect of botanical composition of the herbage, as well as the effect of different kinds and amounts of carbon sources, on nitrogen losses during composting and growth properties of the compost were studied. Growth tests with different plant species as well as chemical analyses of total- and easily-soluble plant nutrients were used to evaluate compost quality. Seven herbage composts were studied and used in growth tests with seven different test plants. The results were evaluated by conventional and multivariate statistical methods.Accumulated nitrogen losses tended to vary with carbon source added, and were 2–25% of the initial N content over a 130-day composting period. Plant growth and seed germination were largely explained by the electrical conductivity of the compost mixes. Potassium concentrations were very high in the composts. The results showed the possibility of using herbage compo.
"Environmentally Friendly" Product Advertising: Its Future Requires a New Regulatory Authority

The 1990s have brought a significant increase in public awareness of the importance of environmental protection and particularly of the need to find safe methods for managing solid waste. ' With this heightened environmental consciousness has come a greater recognition of the consumer's ability to promote environmental protection through selective product purchasing. Surveys indicate that shoppers are searching store shelves for recyclable, compostable, or otherwise "environmentally friendly" products. 2 Industry has responded to this consumer demand by launching what has been described as a "green revolution," a strategy of mar-
Effects of resource distribution on animal-plant interactions

M.D. Hunter and P.W. Price, Introduction: Plants as a Variable Resource Base for Animals. M.C. Rossiter, The Impact of Resource Variation on Population Quality in Herbivorous Insects: A Critical Aspect of Population Dynamics. R.S. Ostfeld, Small Mammal Herbivores in a Patchy Environment: Individual Strategies and Population Responses. A.E. Weis and D.R. Campbell, Plant Genotype: A Variable Factor in Insect-Plant Interaction. B.J. Rathcke, Nectar Distributions, Pollinator Behavior, and Plant Reproductive Success. P.W. Price, Plant Resources as the Mechanistic Basis for Insect Herbivore Population Dynamics. J.C. Schultz, Factoring Natural Enemies into Plant Tissue Availability to Herbivores. T. Ohgushi, Resource Limitation on Insect Herbivore Populations. J.R. Karr, M. Dionne, and I. Schlosser, Bottom-Up versus Top-Down Regulation of Vertebrate Populations: Lessons from Birds and Fish. M.D. Hunter, Interactions Within Herbivore Communities Mediated by the Host Plant: The Keystone Herbivore Concept. D.W. Roubik, Loose Niches in Tropical Communities: Why Are There So Few Bees and So Many Trees? T.H. Fleming, How Do Fruit-and-Nectar Feeding Birds and Mammals Track Their Food Resources? T. Inoue and M. Kato, Inter-and Intraspecific Morphological Variation in Bumblebee Species, and Competition in Flower Utilization. J.M. Scriber and R.C. Lederhouse, The Thermal Environment as a Resource Dictating Patterns of Feeding Specialization of Insect Herbivores. Each chapter includes references. Index.
Transfer transcriptomic signatures for infectious diseases

Significance Human responses to infection include transcriptional changes shared across diverse pathogens. To capture these common patterns, we establish the concept of, and the method for, the identification of “transfer signatures”: sets of genes defining human immunophenotypes. We demonstrate the usefulness of transfer signatures in two use cases: the progression of latent to active tuberculosis and the severity of viral respiratory infections. The modulation of the transcriptome is among the earliest responses to infection. However, defining the transcriptomic signatures of disease is challenging because logistic, technical, and cost factors limit the size and representativeness of samples in clinical studies. These limitations lead to a poor performance of signatures when applied to new datasets. Although the study focuses on infection, the central hypothesis of the work is the generalization of sets of signatures across diseases. We use a machine learning approach to identify common elements in datasets and then test empirically whether they are informative about a second dataset from a disease or process distinct from the original dataset. We identify sets of genes, which we name transfer signatures, that are predictive across diverse datasets and/or species (e.g., rhesus to humans). We demonstrate the usefulness of transfer signatures in two use cases: the progression of latent to active tuberculosis and the severity of COVID-19 and influenza A H1N1 infection. This indicates that transfer signatures can be deployed in settings that lack disease-specific biomarkers. The broad significance of our work lies in the concept that a small set of archetypal human immunophenotypes, captured by transfer signatures, can explain a larger set of responses to diverse diseases.
Microbial Strain Engraftment, Persistence and Replacement after Fecal Microbiota Transplantation

Fecal Microbiota Transplantation (FMT) has been clinically validated as a treatment for recurrent Clostridioides difficile infection (rCDI) and associated with the compositional and functional restoration of the patient gut microbiota. To characterize the underlying microbiota dynamics of patient and donor strain engraftment, persistence and replacement during FMT, we combined new and existing metagenomic sequence data and developed the bioinformatic SameStr program for the species-specific detection of shared subspecies lineages, including non-dominant strains. We show that personal gut strain profiles are identifiable and detect engraftment after successful and failed FMT in rCDI recipients, specifically of those donor strains that are abundant and stable in healthy individuals. We identify microbiota parameters in statistical models to predict donor species and strain engraftment, as well as recipient strain persistence and replacement. Our findings raise concerns over FMT consequences from questionable donors and suggest that personalized FMT strategies are feasible for targeted microbiota modulation.
Functional immunoparalysis characterized by elevated Interleukin-10 and Interleukin-10-to-Lymphocyte Count Ratio is associated with severe disease and poor outcomes in coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)

Objectives: Severe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is associated with a dysregulated immune state, called cytokine storm. While research has focused on the hyperinflammation, little research has been performed on the compensatory anti-inflammatory response which if severe may lead to a state of functional immunoparalysis. The aim of this study was to evaluate the anti-inflammatory response to COVID-19, by assessing interleukin-10 (IL-10) and IL-10/lymphocyte count ratio and their association with patient outcomes. Methods: Adult patients presenting to the emergency department (ED) with laboratory-confirmed COVID-19 were recruited. The primary endpoint was peak COVID-19 severity within 30 days of index ED visit. Additional endpoints included COVID-19 severity at ED disposition, development of severe acute kidney injury (AKI) or secondary bacterial infections. Results: A total of 52 COVID-19 patients were enrolled. IL-10 and IL-10/lymphocyte count were significantly higher in patients with severe disease at both time points (all p<0.05), as well as in those who developed severe AKI and secondary bacterial infection (all p[≤]0.01). In multivariable analysis, a one-unit increase in IL-10 was associated with 42% increased odds of severe COVID-19 (p=0.031), whilst a one-unit increase IL-10/lymphocyte ratio was also associated with 32% increase in odds of severe COVID-19 (p=0.013). Conclusions: The hyperinflammatory response to COVID-19 is accompanied by a simultaneous anti-inflammatory response, which is associated with poor outcomes and may increase the risk of secondary bacterial infections. IL-10 and IL-10/lymphocyte ratio at ED presentation were independent predictors of COVID-19 severity. Functional immunoparalysis in COVID-19 requires further investigation to enable more precise immunomodulatory therapy against SARS-CoV-2.
The Generality of Temperature Effects on Developmental Rate and on Oxygen Consumption in Insect Eggs

D laboratory on the effects of temperature on development of the eggs of the bug Oncopeltus fasciatus (Dallas), with special reference to the problem of a physiological explanation of temperature thresholds for hatching (Lin, Hodson, and Richards, 1954; Richards, 1957, 1959; Richards and Kolderie, 1957; Richards and Suanraksa, 1962). It was found that temperature has a quantitatively different effect on growth rate in contrast to oxygen consumption and weight loss of developing eggs. The present study was undertaken to ascertain whether the phenomena encountered with Oncopeltus eggs were peculiar to that species or were general for insects. The results of this study of six widely scattered insect species show that qualitatively one obtains the same results with all of these, and, hence, that we are dealing with a phenomenon found generally, at least throughout the Insecta. The results obtained with Oncopeltus have been presented in detail in previous papers (see the works by Richards and associates cited above) but have not
Application of QbD Approach to Development and Validation of a Novel UV- Spectrophotometric Method for Quantitative Estimation of Quetiapine Fumarate in Bulk and Pharmaceutical Formulation (Tablets)

DOI: 10.21276/sjmps.2018. 4.2. 12 Abstract: Stability Indicating UV-spectrophotometric analytical method validation for the estimation of Quetiapine fumarate have already been reported, but no studies reported so far include the application of Analytical Quality by Design (AQbD) concept to the development of a comprehensive analytical UVmethod for the analysis of model drug (Quetiapine fumatrate). In the present work, a simple, economic and sensitive UV spectrophotometric method has been developed using AQbD approach for the quantitative estimation of Quetiapine fumarate in bulk and pharmaceutical dosage forms i.e. tablets. The estimation of drug was done at 242 nm in simulated nasal fluid (SNF) using UV-Visible double beam spectrophotometer. In the developed method, linearity over the concentration range of 4-24μg/ml of QP was observed and was found in agreement of Beer’s law. The linear regression was found to be 0.999. The results of analysis have been validated statistically and recovery studies confirmed the accuracy of the proposed method. The precision (intra-day & inter-day) of method was found within limits (RSD < 2%). The sensitivity of the method was assessed by determining limit of detection and limit of quantification. The method was found to be repeatable as well as robust. The percentage of QP in the marketed formulation (Qutipin-100) was observed to be 99.46%. It could be concluded from the results obtained in the present investigation that the method for estimation of Quetiapine fumarate in pure form and in pharmaceutical dosage form is simple, rapid, accurate, precise and economical and can be used, successfully, in the quality control of pharmaceutical formulations and other routine laboratory analysis.
Hydrogel: As Advance Drug Delivery System

DOI: 10.21276/sjmps.2018. 4.5. 20 Abstract: Hydrogels have high affinity to absorb water due to the presence of hydrophilic group; Hydrogels can be prepared from both natural and synthetic polymer. Though the synthetic polymers are preferred more due to their less risk of immune response and less chances of viral and bacterial attack With increasing efforts devoted to controlled release of drug molecules, the application of hydrogels will continue to grow in future with its more relevantly and more efficiently applications, The success of hydrogels as delivery systems can be judged by several marketed preparations.
Serum Ghrelin and Adiponectin Level With Insulin Resistance Parameters in Obese Patients with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome Treated By Metformin

DOI: 10.21276/sjmps.2018. 4.12. 3 Abstract: To evaluate the effect of metformin therapy for more than three months on serum ghrelin and adiponectin level and to assess the relationship between them with insulin resistance parameters in obese patients with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). A case-control study design was adopted in the Fertility and In Vitro Fertilization (IVF) Center at AL. Batool Teaching Hospital Mosul City/ Iraq, in the period between 1st of November 2013 and 1st of May 2014. This study included a group of 41 obese women with PCOS of reproductive age who used metformin for more than three months (metformin users) with another age-and body mass index (BMI)matched group of 44 obese women with PCOS who did not use metformin (metformin non-users and served as control). A 10 ml of fasting venous blood sample was taken from each PCOS woman of the two groups. The sera were used to measure serum ghrelin, adiponectin, insulin and fasting serum glucose (FSG) level by using commercially specific kits, whereas; BMI and insulin resistance represented by Homeostasis Model Assessment (HOMA) was calculated by using especial equations. The results of this study revealed that there were no significant differences in the mean BMI, waist to hip ratio (WHR), serum ghrelin, FSG and fasting serum insulin (FSI) and HOMA-IR between the metformin users in comparison with metformin non-users obese PCOS patients groups. This study found that there was a significant higher mean serum adiponectin level of the obese metformin users in comparison with the obese metformin non-users PCOS patients. There was a significant positive correlation between BMI and insulin level, BMI and HOMA-IR and between FSG level and HOMA-IR. Also there were a very high significant positive correlation between insulin level and HOMA-IR. In conclusions, metformin therapy for more than three months in obese PCOS patients was associated with a significant higher mean serum adiponectin level than in metformin non-users group. There were nonsignificant changes in the mean FSG, serum ghrelin level and insulin resistance parameters. Also there were no significant correlation between neither mean serum ghrelin nor adiponectin with the insulin resistance and anthropometric parameters.
Nearest Duplicate Video Retrieval with Multiple Features using Temporal Correlation

— Online video database is increasing exponentially; a technique is needed for the Near-Duplicate Video Retrieval (NVDR). There are many programs for this strategy, in trademark protection, video labelling, video recording tracking etc. Though, lot of methods has been developed for NDVR over the past several years. To represent the video single feature is not sufficient as fast increase in video manipulation techniques. May other methods use multiple features but they were not able to face extensive quantity of videos. Thus, these methods were having less usage in real life programs. Our method is inspired by and improves upon recent work on Multiple Feature Hashing (MFH) designed to used multiple features to interpret the image instead of single feature may not represent the image exactly. Our Evaluation of the system shows that our proposed method substantially improves upon previously proposed methods in time efficiency, accuracy and scalability. To achieve the same or more efficient search quality temporal correlation used same hashing technique as basic MFH method while reducing number of keyframes by time between them. And object detection provides more accuracy.
A FIRST STEP TOWARDS A PETROLEUM RESERVOIR SIMULATOR USING AN EDGE-BASED UNSTRUCTURED FINITE VOLUME FORMULATION

In the present paper, we present some aspects of the mathematical problem of multiphase flow through petroleum reservoirs. Besides, the numerical tools we are developing in order to solve properly the non-linear partial differential equations (PDEs) that arise in numerical reservoir simulation are briefly discussed. We also comment on the utilization of an edge based unstructured finite volume formulation. Some bidimensional model examples are solved in order to show the potential of the formulation utilized. Additionally, we make some remarks about mesh adaptation, multigrid methods and the utilization of parallel computers (clusters of personal computers), which are tools we intend to use in the near future.
Overt speakers in syntax

This paper focuses on a type of direct address in Sason Arabic that fails to behave like a regular vocative phrase. In particular, unlike regular vocative phrases, this form of address spells out both the speaker and the addressee, and it is conditioned by the speaker’s expression of affection towards the addressee. A DP and its adjacent invariable clitic (i.e., a frozen 3rd person singular form of a possessive pronoun) are the constituents of this form of direct address, and either of them can equally spell out the speaker or the addressee; hence, the label mutable direct address (MDA) for this construction. Coordination, constituency, pluralization and substi-tution tests indicate that the derivation of MDAs does not involve the left periphery of DPs (as vocative phrases do) but the left periphery of clauses. In this respect, we adopt the cartographic representation of speech act phrases (SAP) (e.g., as in Haegeman & Hill 2013) and argue that MDAs instantiate a possible variation within SAP structures. That is, while a regular SAP field is split (over speaker and hearer heads), the SAP underlying MDAs remerges the two heads, so the speech act functional features are bundled and associated with a single SA head. Thus, MDAs provide new evidence for the extent of derivational variations that may arise on the basis of the feature inventory currently accepted for SAP domains.
STUDY ON THE EFFECTS OF GRAPE SEED EXTRACT IN EHRLICH ASCITIC CARCINOMA

The seed extract (GSE) of Burgund Mare de Recas grape variety was evaluated for antitumor activity against Ehrlich ascites carcinoma(EAC)-bearing Swiss albino mice. The antioxidant activity of GSE was also estimated in EAC-bearing mice treated with doxorubicin 2x0.1 mg/mouse. The composition in polyphenols of the GSE, expressed as gallic acid, consisted of 11.477mg/l. The anti-tumor activity of GSE was assessed by measuring the tumor volume and by counting the tumor cells. As oxidative stress parameters the total thiobarbituric reactive reactive substances (TBARS) in the plasma were measured. The results indicate that GSE does not dot possess antitumor activity against Ehrlich ascitic carcinoma cells, does not interfere with the antitumor effects of doxorubicin in EAC-bearing mice and decreases the lipid peroxidation induced by doxorubicin treatment.
Ursane Saponins from the Stems of Firmiana simplex and their Cytotoxic Activity

Three new ursane triterpene saponins, together with twelve known ursane triterpenes were isolated from the stems of Firmiana simplex. The structures of the saponines were elucidated on the basis of spectroscopic and chemical methods. The cytotoxic activity of all compounds was evaluated in vitro against lung adenocarcinoma (A549), ovarian cancer (SK-OV-3), skin melanoma (SK-MEL-2), and colon cancer (HCT-15) human cell lines, using a sulforhodamine (SRB) assay. 23-Hydroxyursolic acid showed cytotoxicity against the tested cell lines with IC50 values ranging from 11.96 to 14.11 µM.
Making Procedural Water Waves Boundary‐aware

The “procedural” approach to animating ocean waves is the dominant algorithm for animating larger bodies of water in interactive applications as well as in off‐line productions — it provides high visual quality with a low computational demand. In this paper, we widen the applicability of procedural water wave animation with an extension that guarantees the satisfaction of boundary conditions imposed by terrain while still approximating physical wave behavior. In combination with a particle system that models wave breaking, foam, and spray, this allows us to naturally model waves interacting with beaches and rocks. Our system is able to animate waves at large scales at interactive frame rates on a commodity PC.