Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Effects of dietary arginine supplementation on reproductive performance and immunity of sows

Arginine (Arg) is considered to have beneficial effects on placental development and function, as well as reproductive performance. The well-developed placenta is highly required in late gestation for rapid fetal growth, however, it is unknown if there is a crucial role of Arg in late gestation. Likewise, the immunologi- cal response of sows to Arg needs to be determined. Therefore, this study is designed to investigate the effects of dietary Arg supplementation on reproductive performance and immunity of sows. At day 30 of gestation, sixty sows (Landrace × Large White) were allocated to 3 groups receiving corn and soybean-based control diet (control group, n = 20), control diet supplemented with 1% l -arginine HCl until day 90 of gestation (Arg90 group, n = 20), and control diet supplemented with 1% l-arginine HCl until day 114 of gestation (Arg114 group, n = 20), respectively. Litter performance was recorded at parturition. Blood samples (n = 6) collected at days 30, 90, and 110 of gestation were measured for metabolic and immunological parameters. At parturition, total litter size was not affected by dietary Arg supplementation. As a result of less pigs born dead, however, sows in Arg114 group had more pigs born alive than sows in control group (+1.6 pigs, P < 0.05), total and live litter weights were increased (+1.6~2.1 kg, P < 0.05) in Arg114 group relative to both control and Arg90 groups. Compared with control group, dietary Arg supplementation increased (+12~110%, P < 0.05) plasma levels of ornithine, proline, and arginine at either day 90 (Arg90 and Arg110 groups) or day 110 of gestation (Arg110 group). Moreover, immune response was enhanced in Arg-supplemented sows, as indicated by the increased levels of serum immunoglobulin and porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) antibody. These findings indicate dietary Arg supplementation can improve litter performance and immune response, and the beneficial effect of Arg on fetal growth is evident in late gestation.
High I/O Glass Ceramic Package Pb-Free BGA Interconnect Reliability

For high performance computer system applications, there are limitations for reliably and cost effectively attaching high I/O count ceramic packages on thick boards. Moreover, there is a lack of Pb-free solder joint reliability data for large pin count packages in general. To address these limitations and extend ceramic package technology for Pb-free applications, we developed a 2533 I/O HITCE Ceramic Sn/Ag/Cu (SAC) BGA package test vehicle and performed a series of board level solder joint reliability tests. Several package and board design parameters were evaluated to determine their effect on the second level interconnect reliability. This paper presents the test vehicle, board assembly, and solder joint reliability test results. The effect of the package and board design, solder joint reliability for eutectic PbSn vs. SAC, and the package reliable usage space for system applications are discussed.
Research on Multi-echelon Inventory Model of Repairable Spare Parts with Lateral Transshipments

Lateral transshipments policy of repairable spare parts among the same echelon departments has an important function to improve the availability of the weapon equipment in the multi-echelon support system. The multi-echelon inventory model with lateral transshipments was researched in this paper. In the mathematical model, the minimum value of expected backorders under the constraint of support budget was used as optimizing objective, and the model was analyzed through the simulation of a practical instance.
Designing emotion awareness interface for group recommender systems

Group recommender systems help users to find items of interest collaboratively. Support for such collaboration has been mainly provided by interfaces that visualize membership awareness, preference awareness and decision awareness. In this paper, we are interested in investigating the roles of emotion awareness interfaces and how they may enable positive group influence. We first describe the design process behind an emotion annotation tool, which we call CoFeel. We then show that it allows users to annotate and visualize group members' emotions in GroupFun, a group music recommender.
MINERALIZAÇÃO DE ENXOFRE E BORO DE ESTERCOS EM FUNÇÃO DA PROFUNDIDADE E DO TEMPO DE INCORPORAÇÃO SOB IRRIGAÇÃO POR MICROASPERSÃO

Os estercos podem ser utilizados como fonte de nutrientes nos agrossistemas. Este trabalho foi conduzido no campo experimental do IF - Sertao Pernambucano, Petrolina, com objetivo de estudar a mineralizacao de enxofre e de boro em estercos, quando incorporados a diferentes profundidades, ao longo do tempo. Os tratamentos resultantes da combinacao de dois estercos (caprino e bovino) com quatro profundidades (0 – 10; 10 – 20; 20 – 30 e 30 – 40 cm), e com cinco tempos de incorporacao (30; 60; 90; 120 e 210 dias), foram dispostos em blocos casualizados, com tres repeticoes. Cada unidade experimental foi constituida de 20 g de estercos seco a estufa a 65° C, por 48 horas, e acondicionadas em sacolas de nailon. Ao termino de cada tratamento, as sacolas foram coletadas, o esterco foi recolhido seco a estufa a 65° C e analisado. O esterco bovino apresentou o maior teor de S e quantidade mineralizada de B e S. O teor e a quantidade mineralizada de B e S variaram com a profundidade de incorporacao, sendo que as menores medias de teores e as maiores quantidades mineralizadas desses elementos ocorreram nas camadas superficiais. Verificou-se que no esterco caprino o teor de S aumenta nos primeiros 120 dias, periodo em que se inicia a mineralizacao, no esterco bovino a mineralizacao de S ocorre nos primeiros 120 dias; o teor de B no esterco bovino aumentou nos primeiros 120 dias e a quantidade mineralizada foi crescente durante todo o intervalo experimental. Nao houve modelo ajustado ao tempo para o teor e a quantidade minerazaizada de B no esterco caprino.
Augmented glucose use and pentose cycle activity in hepatic endothelial cells after in vivo endotoxemia

Glucose use and pentose cycle activity were determined in freshly isolated rat hepatic endothelial cells 3 hr after an intravenous injection of Escherichia coli lipopolysaccharide (0.1 mg/kg body weight), by use of (1‐14C)glucose, [6‐14C]glucose and [2‐H]glucose. Lipopolysaccharide treatment in vivo increased glucose use fivefold, whereas glucose oxidation in the pentose cycle was elevated from 0.2 to 1.5 nmol/hr/107 cells. In vitro incubation of endothelial cells from saline‐ and lipopolysaccharide‐treated animals in the presence of phorbol 12‐myristate 13‐acetate (10−6 mol/L) increased pentose cycle activity twofold and eightfold, respectively. Phorbol 12‐myristate 13‐acetate caused only a 40% to 60% increase in glycolysis in both groups. Addition of t‐butyl hydroperoxide (0.5 mmol/L), a substrate for gluathione peroxidase, caused a 24‐fold and 16‐fold increase in the glucose flux through the pentose cycle in cells from saline‐ and lipopolysaccharide‐treated rats, respectively. Oxidation of glucose through the Krebs cycle was also increased several‐fold after t‐butyl hydroperoxide administration. Depletion of cellular glutathione by N‐ethylmaleimide (0.1 mmol/L) inhibited the phorbol 12‐myristate 13‐acetate–induced or t‐butyl hydroperoxide–induced increase in the pentose cycle activity with no marked effects on glycolysis. Diphenyleneiodonium (0.1 mmol/L), an inhibitor of superoxide and nitric oxide synthesis inhibited the phorbol 12‐myristate 13‐acetate–induced increased pentose cycle activity with no effects on the t‐butyl hydroperoxide–induced response. Endothelial cells from control animals treated with either 12‐myristate 13‐acetate or t‐butyl hydroperoxide in the presence of exogenous glucose 20 mmol/L showed a similar increase in glycolysis but less increase in the pentose cycle activity as found after lipopolysaccharide treatment in the presence of glucose 5 mmol/L. This finding suggests that glucose‐6‐phosphate dehydrogenase or pathways dependent on pentose cycle intermediates became up‐regulated after lipopolysaccharide administration. The lipopolysaccharide‐induced elevated glucose use, accompanied by an increased activity of the pentose cycle, may also represent a potentiated mechanism for eliminating hydrogen peroxide derived from intracellular sources or from activated Kupffer cells and sequestered neutrophils in the hepatic sinusoid. (HEPATOLOGY 1993;17:615–620.)
Gobernanza, Teoria de la Agencia y Auditoría

Este articulo pretende hacer una aproximacion a tres temas importantes que se traducen en una mayor transparencia en los negocios, teoria de la agencia, auditoria y gobernanza. Todo esto proporciona un marco teorico para establecer las condiciones de las etapas de perfeccionamiento y fiabilidad de la informacion. Teoria de la agencia trata de analizar los conflictos y los costes derivados de la separacion entre propiedad y control del capital, lo que conduce a la asimetria de informacion, riesgos y otras cuestiones relacionadas con el agente principal de la relacion para la evaluacion de las practicas de gobernanza. Esto aparece como un proceso para reducir la brecha entre los propietarios y la gerencia de la empresa y la sociedad. La auditoria se presenta como una tecnica que tiene como objetivo validar los informes con el apoyo de los registros y controles internos que ayuden a salvaguardar los activos y brindar transparencia a la empresa. El metodo utilizado en la preparacion de este articulo fue el ensayo teorico, con el fin de afirmar los fundamentos teoricos. Las conclusiones destacan la importancia de la auditoria, sus procedimientos tecnicos y normas permiten dar credibilidad en los mercados financieros, dando mayor confianza a los agentes y contribuyendo a la mejora de las practicas de gobierno. Palabras Clave: Auditoria. Gobernanza. Transparencia.
Molecular systematics and character evolution in Caryophyllaceae

The aim of the present study was to infer a substantially larger, more evenly sampled, phylogenetic tree for Caryophyllaceae in order to more confidently resolve relationships within this clade. This would allow us to evaluate previous classification schemes and to infer the evolution of a number of characters that have figured prominently in higher-level taxonomic treatments. We have inferred a 630-tip phylogeny (ca. 30% of the 2200 species) using maximum likelihood analyses of data from the nuclear ribosomal ITS region and five chloroplast genes and intergenic spacers: matK, ndhF, trnL-trnF, trnQ-rps16, and trnS-trnfM. Our results confirm that subfamily Paronychioideae is paraphyletic at the base of Caryophyllaceae. Alsinoideae and Caryophylloideae together form a clade, within which neither subfamily is monophyletic. With only a few exceptions, our results support the tribal classification presented by Harbaugh & al. (2010). In agreement with other recent studies, it appears that many of the larger genera are not strictly monophyletic. Our results imply that the first Caryophyllaceae had stipules, free sepals, small apetalous flowers with few stamens, and single-seeded indehiscent or irregularly dehiscing utricles. Stipules were lost along the branch to the Alsinoideae-Caryophylloideae clade, and the evolution of a tubular calyx marks Caryophylloideae. The evolution of petals, 10 stamens, and capsule fruits is inferred to have taken place along the branch subtending a clade that includes Sperguleae (mostly containing former members of Paronychioideae) and the remainder of Caryophyllaceae. As this previously unnamed major group is both well-supported in molecular phylogenetic studies and marked by clear-cut apomorphies, we propose the name Plurcaryophyllaceae for this clade and provide a phylogenetic definition.
Aplicação de processamento paralelo no problema de reconhecimento de genes

Nos ultimos anos, a quantidade de dados biologicos em bancos de dados publicos vem aumentando exponencialmente. Como consequencia, os algoritmos de analises de dados, em especial algoritmos de predicao de genes, estao associados a longos tempos de execucao. Neste sentido, a computacao paralela e um meio eficaz para diminuir o tempo de execucao do processamento de tais analises. Neste artigo, apresentaremos uma solucao paralela para o tratamento do problema de reconhecimento de genes, problema este de grande relevância biologica e computacional. Para isso utilizaremos um algoritmo de predicao de genes conhecido por Sim4. Este algoritmo foi projetado para alinhar sequencias de DNA complementar (cDNA) com sequencias de DNA genomico, e produzir como resultado uma tabela contendo as localizacoes das regioes que codificam proteinas.
The role of space charge in spin-resolved photoemission experiments

Spin-resolved photoemission is one of the most direct ways of measuring the magnetization of a ferromagnet. If all valence band electrons contribute, the measured average spin polarization is proportional to the magnetization. This is even the case if electronic excitations are present, and thus is of particular interest for studying the response of the magnetization to a pump laser pulse. Here, we demonstrate the feasibility of ultrafast spin-resolved photoemission using free electron laser (FEL) radiation and investigate the effect of space charge on the detected spin polarization. The sample is exposed to the radiation of the FEL FLASH in Hamburg. Surprisingly, the measured spin polarization depends on the fluence of the FEL radiation: a higher FEL fluence reduces the measured spin polarization. Space-charge simulations can explain this effect. These findings have consequences for future spin-polarized photoemission experiments using pulsed photon sources.
Enabling households to support successful migration of AIDS orphans in southern Africa

Most southern African orphans are cared for by extended families but the implications of the spatial dispersal of such families are seldom recognized: orphans often have to migrate to new homes and communities. This paper, based on qualitative research conducted with children and guardians in urban and rural Lesotho and Malawi, examines orphans’ migration experiences in order to assess how successful migration might best be supported. Most children found migration traumatic in the short term, but over time many settled into new environments. Although much AIDS policy in southern Africa stresses the role of communities, the burden of care lay with extended family households. Failed migrations, which resulted in renewed migration and trauma, were attributable to one of two household-level causes: orphans feeling ill-treated in their new families or changes in guardians’ circumstances. Policy interventions to reduce disruption and trauma for young AIDS migrants should aim at facilitating sustainable arrangements by enabling suitable households to provide care. Reducing the economic costs of caring for children, particularly school-related costs, would: allow children to stay with those relatives (e.g. grandparents) best able to meet their non-material needs; reduce resentment of foster children in impoverished households; and diminish the need for multiple migrations.
Genetic dissection of the mouse CNS using magnetic resonance microscopy

Purpose of reviewAdvances in magnetic resonance microscopy (MRM) make it practical to map gene variants responsible for structural variation in brains of many species, including mice and humans. We review results of a systematic genetic analysis of MRM data using as a case study a family of well characterized lines of mice. Recent advancesMRM has matured to the point that we can generate high contrast, high-resolution images even for species as small as a mouse, with a brain merely 1/3000th the size of humans. We generated 21.5-micron data sets for a diverse panel of BXD mouse strains to gauge the extent of genetic variation, and as a prelude to comprehensive genetic and genomic analyses. Here we review MRM capabilities and image segmentation methods; heritability of brain variation; covariation of the sizes of brain regions; and correlations between MRM and classical histological data sets. SummaryThe combination of high throughput MRM and genomics will improve our understanding of the genetic basis of structure–function correlations. Sophisticated mouse models will be critical in converting correlations into mechanisms and in determining genetic and epigenetic causes of differences in disease susceptibility.
Design of an ultra-low power 32-bit adder operating at subthreshold voltages in 45-nm FinFET

This paper describes the design of an ultimately low power subthreshold 32-bit adder, implemented in 45-nm technology. Low power design is achieved by using FinFET devices which are nowadays a basic component of very scaled and low power circuits. The circuit was tested in all corners and its consumption is as low as 10fJ per computation with 0.4V supply voltage and maximum operating frequency about 260KHz. A very alluring feature of this design is that it could be speed up to 256MHz in 1.13V supply voltage and consuming only 59.05fJ energy per calculation. Another appealing feature of propose design is its stable and reliable operation with 130mV supply voltage by 3.74 KHz operation frequency. In this mode the design consumes only 43.77fW. This multi-mode design could be used in integrated circuit design which uses power management technique to reduce energy consumption by OS software job assignment. The simulations were done by HSPISE 2008.all model are extracted from FinFET 45nm PTM library.
Motif-based Rule Discovery for Predicting Real-valued Time Series

Time series prediction is of great significance in many applications and has attracted extensive attention from the data mining community. Existing work suggests that for many problems, the shape in the current time series may correlate an upcoming shape in the same or another series. Therefore, it is a promising strategy to associate two recurring patterns as a rule's antecedent and consequent: the occurrence of the antecedent can foretell the occurrence of the consequent, and the learned shape of consequent will give accurate predictions. Earlier work employs symbolization methods, but the symbolized representation maintains too little information of the original series to mine valid rules. The state-of-the-art work, though directly manipulating the series, fails to segment the series precisely for seeking antecedents/consequents, resulting in inaccurate rules in common scenarios. In this paper, we propose a novel motif-based rule discovery method, which utilizes motif discovery to accurately extract frequently occurring consecutive subsequences, i.e. motifs, as antecedents/consequents. It then investigates the underlying relationships between motifs by matching motifs as rule candidates and ranking them based on the similarities. Experimental results on real open datasets show that the proposed approach outperforms the baseline method by 23.9\%. Furthermore, it extends the applicability from single time series to multiple ones.
Phase I/II study of combined granulocyte colony-stimulating factor and granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor administration for the mobilization of hematopoietic progenitor cells.

PURPOSE To study the toxicity and efficacy of combined granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) and granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) administration for mobilization of hematopoietic progenitor cells (HPCs). MATERIALS AND METHODS Cohorts of a minimum of five patients each were treated subcutaneously as follows: G-CSF 5 micrograms/kg on days 1 to 12 and GM-CSF at . 5, 1, or 5 micrograms/kg on days 7 to 12 (cohorts 1, 2, and 3); GM-CSF 5 micrograms/kg on days 1 to 12 and G-CSF 5 micrograms/kg on days 7 to 12 (cohort 4); and G-CSF and GM-CSF 5 micrograms/kg each on days 1 to 12 (cohort 5). Ten-liter aphereses were performed on days 1 (baseline, pre-CSF), 5, 7, 11, and 13. Colony assays for granulocyte-macrophage colony-forming units (CFU-GM) and erythroid burst-forming units (BFU-E) were performed on each harvest. RESULTS The principal toxicities were myalgias, bone pain, fever, nausea, and mild thrombocytopenia, but none was dose-limiting. Four days of treatment with either G-CSF or GM-CSF resulted in dramatic and sustained increases in the numbers of CFU-GM per kilogram collected per harvest that represented 35.6 +/- 8.9- and 33.7 +/- 13.0-fold increases over baseline, respectively. This increment was attributable both to increased numbers of mononuclear cells collected per 10-L apheresis and to increased concentrations of progenitors within each collection. The administration of G-CSF to patients already receiving GM-CSF (cohort 4) caused the HPC content to surge to nearly 80-fold the baseline (P = .024); the reverse sequence, ie, the addition of GM-CSF to G-CSF, was less effective. The CFU-GM content of the baseline aphereses correlated with the maximal mobilization achieved (r = .74, P = .001). CONCLUSION Combined G-CSF and GM-CSF administration effectively and predictably mobilizes HPCs and facilitates apheresis.
Distributed RLGC transient model of coupled interconnects in DSM chips for crosstalk noise simulation

Noise effects in coupled interconnects, i.e. crosstalk induced glitch and crosstalk induced delay can significantly impact the performance of deep sub-micron (DSM) chips. Therefore, in this paper distributed RLGC transient model of coupled interconnects has been developed that will be useful for analyzing such crosstalk noise effects in DSM chips. The model accuracy is quite comparable to the PSPICE simulation results and yet the simulation speed is at least 11 times faster than the latter.
Vasopressin in pediatric vasodilatory shock: a multicenter randomized controlled trial.

RATIONALE Vasopressin has been proposed as a potent vasoactive agent in the treatment of vasodilatory shock in adults and children. The objective of this trial was to evaluate the efficacy and safety of vasopressin as an adjunctive agent in pediatric vasodilatory shock. METHODS In this multicenter, double-blind trial, children with vasodilatory shock were randomized to receive low-dose vasopressin (0.0005-0.002 U/kg/min) or placebo in addition to open-label vasoactive agents. Vasoactive infusions were titrated to clinical endpoints of adequate perfusion. The primary outcome was time to vasoactive-free hemodynamic stability. Secondary outcomes included mortality, organ-failure-free days, length of critical care unit stay, and adverse events. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS Sixty-five of 69 children (94%) who were randomized received the study drug (33 vasopressin, 32 placebo) and were included in the analysis. There was no significant difference in the primary outcome between the vasopressin and placebo groups (49.7 vs. 47.1 hours; P = 0.85). There were 10 deaths (30%) in the vasopressin group and five (15.6%) in the placebo group (relative risk, 1.94; 95% confidence interval, 0.75-5.05; P = 0.24). There were no significant differences with respect to organ failure-free days (22 vs. 25.5 days; P = 0.11), ventilator-free days (16.5 23 days; P = 0.15), length of stay (8 vs. 8.5 days; P = 0.93), or adverse event rate ratios (12.0%; 95% confidence interval, -2.6 to 26.7; P = 0.15). CONCLUSIONS Low-dose vasopressin did not demonstrate any beneficial effects in this pediatric trial. Although not statistically significant, there was a concerning trend toward increased mortality. Clinical trial registered with www.controlled-trials.com (ISRCTN11597444).