Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Performance robustness analysis of VLSI circuits with process variations based on Kharitonov's theorem

In today's VLSI technology, the process variations are unavoidable. This paper proposes an efficient analysis approach for exploring the worst case performance for VLSI circuits with severe parameter value variations due to nano-scale process. Inspired by Kharitonov's theorem, the described method dramatically reduces the computational burden to only evaluate several critical Kharitonov-type interval transfer functions. The computational efficiency of the method is demonstrated by two practical VLSI circuits.
Children's differential susceptibility to effects of parenting

The investigation and identification of factors shaping children's development have long been central to the field of developmental psychology; and parenting has long been considered one of the most important sources of influence. A vast body of empirical evidence highlights the contribution of parenting to a wide range of cognitive, socio-emotional, and behavioral developmental outcomes. Long appreciated, too, is that parenting effects are often moderated by characteristics of the child, most notably, perhaps, early temperament. Indeed, most such work has been guided by conceptions of vulnerability stemming from negative or difficult temperament that interacts with insensitive, harsh or otherwise unsupportive parenting to undermine child well-being. Belsky's differential-susceptibility framework challenges such diathesis-stress thinking, highlighting the fact that the very individuals who seem most susceptible to environmental adversity, including negatively emotional infants, may also benefit the most from developmentally supportive rearing. Evidence consistent with this view – that some children are more affected than others, for better and for worse, depending on the rearing environment – is reviewed, including new research on gene-X-environment interaction. Finally, unknowns of the differential-susceptibility hypothesis are considered.
Clover polarimetric detector - a novel design of an ortho-mode transducer at 150 and 225 GHz

This paper presents the design of an ortho-mode transducer (OMT) to separate two orthogonal linearly polarized signals traveling in a circular waveguide with frequency channels at 150/255 GHz band. Simulations (in HFSS) are presented to determine the optimal probe geometry and feed impedance to achieve good coupling to the optimized probes over a wide bandwidth with corresponding feed impedances for telescopes operating at 150 and 225 GHz. The results show that at 150 GHz band, the return loss can reach below -20 dB from 126 GHz to 180 GHz with the cross polarization reach below -40 dB. At 225 GHz band, the return loss can reach below -20 dB from 190 GHz to 260 GHz with the polarization isolation more than 32 dB.
On the use of high bit rate transceivers for low duty cycle wireless sensor networks

In most wireless sensor network applications reducing the energy consumption of each node has highest optimisation priority to allow sensor nodes to operate for an extended period of time. The radio transceiver plays an especially important role in this regard, because it typically consumes most of the nodes energy. Up to now only low bit rate radio transceivers (up to 115 kbps) were proposed for the use in sensor applications which leads to a sub optimal node efficiency. In This work the use of commercially available high bit rate (/spl ges/ 1 Mbps) transceivers for low duty cycle, ultra low power wireless sensor networks is proposed. Using state of the art high bit rate transceivers with an efficient MAC protocol such as the recently proposed CSMA-MPS can save considerable energy at the physical layer.
Properties of murine antibodies from different V region families specific for bromelain-treated mouse erythrocytes.

We have analyzed the combining site diversity of murine antibodies reactive with bromelain-treated mouse RBC (BrMRBC) in B10.A mice. Although several VH and V kappa genes are used to generate antibodies of this specificity, two combinations account for more than 80% of the repertoire from the spleen: VH11/V kappa 9 and VH12/V kappa 4. Antibodies representing these two predominant groups were found to correspond to two previously reported distinct cross-reactive Id families accounting for most of the anti-BrMRBC reactivity in several strains of mice. mAb of the VH11/V kappa 9 type bound the haptens trimethyl-ammonium and phosphorylcholine much more avidly (approximately 1000 fold) than did the VH12/V kappa 4 type antibodies. Both of these haptens represent constituents of phosphatidylcholine, which BrMRBC-specific antibodies are reported to bind. Despite this differential reactivity, members of both the VH11/V kappa 9 and VH12/V kappa 4 antibody groups lysed BrMRBC with similar efficiencies. These data suggest that the two major classes of BrMRBC-specific antibodies have at least partially different specificities and imply that the events that lead to their high frequencies in the CD5+ repertoire may result from different selective forces.
Partnerships in Economic Development: What Influences the Formation of Interlocal Development Agreements?

The “rules of the game” embodied in municipal documents constrain as well as provide opportunities for local government officials to capture individual benefits related to policy action. We test the mediating effect form of government has on the probability of joint venture formation for economic development purposes. Data is generated from a survey of local officials in 2004 and 2007. We find that prior agreements influence future cooperative actions and that institutional arrangements mediate horizontal agreements depending on whether development objectives are local or regional in nature.
Host Genetic Factors in the Clinical Course of HIV-1 Infection: Chemokines and Chemokine Receptors

The outcome of HIV-1 infection is highly variable: not all individuals exposed to HIV-1 will become infected, and among individuals who do become infected, the time from seroconversion to AIDS diagnosis is highly variable. Some patients may develop AIDS within 3 years, whereas others may remain asymptomatic for over 15 years. The reasons for these differences are not fully understood, but are thought to reflect the complex interactions between virus and host. In recent years, an important role for host genetic factors in the pathogenesis of HIV-1 infection has increasingly been appreciated. Many novel genetic polymorphisms have been identified and analyzed for their role in HIV-1 transmission and disease progression. In this review, we will give an update of the current knowledge on the role of such polymorphisms in HIV-1 disease. As recent research in this field has focussed on polymorphisms in chemokine and chemokine receptor genes, this will be the main theme of our review.
Positron emission tomography for detecting clinically occult surgically resectable metastatic ovarian cancer.

BACKGROUND The specific indications for PET imaging in patients with ovarian cancer have yet to be precisely defined. While PET has limited sensitivity for detecting small-volume (<1 cm) metastatic disease, accurate identification of larger tumor nodules may have a significant impact on clinical management and the selection of patients for cytoreductive surgery. CASES The cases of two patients with suspected recurrent Stage IIIC serous ovarian cancer based solely on elevated CA125 levels and one patient with an apparent Stage IC poorly differentiated ovarian sex cord-stromal tumor who had macroscopic surgically resectable disease (>1 cm) identified by PET after negative or equivocal computed tomography are presented. CONCLUSION PET imaging may be a useful technique for identifying potentially surgically resectable, macroscopic metastatic ovarian cancer when computed tomography findings are negative or equivocal.
Non‐mosaic trisomy 22: a report of 2 cases

Non‐mosaic trisomy 22 is a common cause of first trimester miscarriage and has a livebirth incidence of 1 in 30 000–50 000. Consequently there is a paucity of information for counselling parents. Detection in the second trimester is rare. It is commonly associated with severe growth retardation and multiple structural abnormalities. Oligohydramnios is frequently seen and can make detection of other abnormalities difficult. The outlook is uniformly poor and survival beyond the first trimester may present management dilemmas. A thorough fetal assessment including high‐resolution cytogenetics with or without FISH is required for counselling. Careful plans for intrapartum and neonatal management may be necessary. The recurrence risk is thought to be low but information is very limited as there have been no reported cases of recurrence. We present two case of non‐mosaic trisomy 22 including the first to be diagnosed subsequent to investigation for a high serum screening Down's risk. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
A Prospective Study of Operative Risk Factors in Perforated Duodenal Ulcers

Operative risk factors for patients with perforated duodenal ulcers were examined prospectively in 213 operated patients. Nine hospital deaths (4.2%) resulted from respiratory failure, sepsis, and bleeding. Forty-five complications developed in 27 patients (12.7%). Concurrent medical illness, preoperative shock, and longstanding perforations (more than 48 hours) were significant features that increased mortality. Old age, gross peritoneal soiling, and the length of the ulcer history did not affect mortality in the absence of risk factors. No death attributable to either sepsis or abscess formation occurred when surgery was performed within two days of perforation. Bacterial contamination may not signify clinical peritonitis during this period. We conclude that simple closure of perforated ulcers is a more prudent choice when any risk factor is present, but that definitive surgery in good-risk patients merits further evaluations.
Localization of the site of the murine IgG1 molecule that is involved in binding to the murine intestinal Fc receptor

Site‐directed mutagenesis of a recombinant Fc hinge fragment has recently been used to localize the site of the murine IgG1 molecule that is involved in the control of catabolism (the “catabolic site”). In the current study, the effects of these CH2 and CH3 domain mutations (Ile 253 to Ala 253, His 310 to Ala 310, Gln 311 to Asn 311, His 433 to Ala 433 and Asn 434 to G1n 434) on intestinal transfer of Fc hinge fragments in neonatal mice have been analyzed. Studies using direct transfer and competition assays demonstrate that the mutations affect the transmission from intestinal lumen into serum in a way that correlates closely with the effects of the mutations on pharmacokinetics. Binding studies of several of the Fc hinge fragments to isolated neonatal brush borders have been used to confirm the in vivo transmission data. These analyses have resulted in the localization of the binding site for the intestinal transfer receptor, FcRn, to specific residues of the murine Fc hinge fragment. These residues are located at the CH2‐CH3 domain interface and overlap with both the catabolic site and staphylococcal protein A (SpA) binding site. The pH dependence of IgG1 or Fc fragment binding to FcRn is consistent with the localization of the FcRn interaction site to a region of the Fc that encompasses two histidine residues (His 310 and His 433). To assess whether one or two FcRn binding sites per Fc hinge are required for intestinal transfer, a hybrid Fc hinge fragment comprising a heterodimer of one Fc hinge with the wild‐type IgG1 sequence and a mutant Fc hinge with a defective catabolic site (mutated at His 310, G1n 311, His 433 and Asn 434) has been analyzed in direct and competition transmission assays. The studies demonstrate that the Fc hybrid is transferred with significantly reduced efficiency compared to the wild type Fc hinge homodimer and indicate that the binding to FcRn, and possibly subsequent transfer, is enhanced by the presence of two FcRn binding sites per Fc hinge fragment.
E-Government Politics as a Networking Phenomenon: Applying a Multidimensional Approach

Asking﻿such﻿a﻿simple﻿question﻿as﻿what﻿e-government﻿politics﻿really﻿is﻿to﻿policymakers,﻿practitioners﻿and﻿ other﻿stakeholders﻿in﻿the﻿sphere﻿and﻿all﻿the﻿more﻿so﻿in﻿a﻿cross-country﻿and﻿cross-institutional﻿manner﻿ could﻿be﻿an﻿extremely﻿prolific﻿undertaking﻿since﻿it﻿allows﻿to﻿generate﻿a﻿myriad﻿of﻿unique﻿stories﻿and﻿ perspectives﻿about﻿this﻿phenomenon. ﻿E-government﻿is﻿a﻿universally﻿well-known﻿concept﻿in﻿public﻿ policy,﻿public﻿administration,﻿political﻿and﻿economic﻿sciences﻿and﻿beyond﻿and﻿related﻿academic﻿and﻿ professional﻿literature﻿is﻿really﻿rich﻿with﻿demonstrative﻿cases﻿that﻿represent﻿these﻿narratives﻿well﻿from﻿ various﻿viewpoints﻿and﻿fields. ﻿In﻿this﻿regard,﻿the﻿key﻿purpose﻿of﻿the﻿article﻿is﻿not﻿to﻿update﻿a﻿stateof-the-art﻿in﻿the﻿sphere﻿but﻿rather﻿an﻿attempt﻿to﻿synthesize﻿and﻿systematize﻿all﻿available﻿institutional﻿ perspectives﻿on﻿ the﻿development﻿of﻿ this﻿ truly﻿multidimensional﻿networking﻿phenomenon﻿equally﻿ from﻿stakeholder,﻿cross-institutional﻿and﻿cross-country﻿perspectives. KEywoRdS Ecosystems, E-Government, Institution, Networking, Peers, Perspectives, Stakeholders
An Accurate Behavioral Model for RF MOSFET Linearity Analysis

This article describes a simple and accurate behavioral model of the radio frequency metal oxide semiconductor field effect transistor (RF MOSFET) to accurately describe the higher-order derivatives of the transconductance of the RF MOSFET using short channel I-V equation based on unified charge control model and improved mobility model. Based on this model, a simple procedure for extracting the model parameters from the measured data is proposed and implemented. The extracted results are physically meaningful and good agreement has been obtained between the model and measured data of distortion characteristics. Also, the proposed behavioral model accurately describes the transconductance reduction with improved mobility model.
Eine ökonomische Einordnung der Förderung der beruflichen Weiterbildung im Rahmen der Aktiven Arbeitsmarktpolitik

Thema dieser Arbeit ist eine okonomische Einordnung der beruflichen Weiterbildung (FbW) als Teil der Aktiven Arbeitsmarktpolitik in Deutschland. Die Analyse erfolgt im Lichte des sektoralen Wandel, der Verschiebung der qualifikatorischen Arbeitsnachfrage und der vorauszusehenden Produktivitatseffekte im Zusammenhang mit einer alternden Gesellschaft. Auf Basis der Humankapitaltheorie wird zunachst theoretisch erortert, inwieweit sich FbW als Teil der Aktiven Arbeitsmarktpolitik aus Effizienz- und Verteilungsgesichtpunkten rechtfertigen lasst und in welcher Form FbW sinnvoll sein kann.
Three-level Hybrid Flying Dc-Source ANPC inverter: Application as a photovoltaic AC source

This paper presents a single-phase Hybrid Flying Dc-Source Active Neutral Point Clamped inverter, derived from the Hybrid Active Neutral Point Clamped/Flying Capacitor inverter. In order to validate the proposed concept, simulation studies and experimental measurements are presented. It is also shown the feasibility of application of the proposed inverter in single-phase isolated load PV systems.
Synthetic aperture radar image segmentation by a detail preserving Markov random field approach

A multichannel image segmentation method is imposed that utilizes Markov random fields (MRFs) with adaptive neighborhood (AN) systems. Bayesian inference is applied to realize the combination of evidence from different knowledge sources. In such a way, optimization of the shape of a neighborhood system is achieved by following a criterion that makes use of the Markovian property exploiting the local image content. The MRF segmentation approach with AN systems (MRF-AN) makes it possible to better preserve small features and border areas. The purpose of the paper is to show the usefulness of the concept of MRF-AN for SAR image segmentation.
Prognostic significance of residual tumor in patients with epithelial ovarian carcinoma stage IV in a 20 year perspective

Objective. We aimed to evaluate prognostic factors impacting on overall survival during a 20 year period with substantial changes in surgical approach and chemotherapy management of patients with epithelial ovarian carcinoma stage IV. Design. A retrospective population‐based study. Setting. The Norwegian Radium Hospital during 1985–2005. Population. Three hundred and ninety‐four patients with epithelial ovarian carcinoma stage IV treated at the Norwegian Radium Hospital. Methods. The cohort was divided into two groups (1985–1995 and 1996–2005), and clinical and pathological characteristics were compared. Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed to identify prognostic factors during 1985–1995, 1996–2005 and 1985–2005. Main outcome measures. Prognostic factors and overall survival in the three periods. Results. Median overall survival improved from 1985–1995 to 1996–2005 (from 1.3 to 2.1 years). More patients had macroscopic radical surgery (28 vs. 11%), received neoadjuvant chemotherapy and were treated with platinum–taxane combination therapy from 1996–2005 compared to 1985–1995. Patients with primary surgery had improved median overall survival from 1996–2005 compared to 1985–1995. In multivariate analyses, surgical approach was not a prognostic factor for overall survival, but chemotherapy was during 1985–2005. Postoperative residual tumor was a prognostic factor for overall survival in all periods. Conclusions. Macroscopic radical surgery is a strong prognostic factor for overall survival and is achievable in a subset of patients with epithelial ovarian carcinoma stage IV. Improved selection criteria for what treatment algorithm to choose for patients with epithelial ovarian carcinoma stage IV are warranted.
Network-size independent covering number bounds for deep networks

We give a covering number bound for deep learning networks that is independent of the size of the network. The key for the simple analysis is that for linear classifiers, rotating the data doesn't affect the covering number. Thus, we can ignore the rotation part of each layer's linear transformation, and get the covering number bound by concentrating on the scaling part.
Combining Human Action Sensing of Wheelchair Users and Machine Learning for Autonomous Accessibility Data Collection

SUMMARY The recent increase in the use of intelligent devices such as smartphones has enhanced the relationship between daily human behavior sensing and useful applications in ubiquitous computing. This paper proposes a novel method inspired by personal sensing technologies for collecting and visualizing road accessibility at lower cost than traditional data collection methods. To evaluate the methodology, we recorded outdoor activities of nine wheelchair users for approximately one hour each by using an accelerometer on an iPod touch and a camcorder, gathered the supervised data from the video by hand, and estimated the wheelchair actions as a measure of street level accessibility in Tokyo. The system detected curb climbing, moving on tactile indicators, moving on slopes, and stopping, with F-scores of 0.63, 0.65, 0.50, and 0.91, respectively. In addition, we conducted experiments with an artiﬁcially limited number of training data to investigate the number of samples required to estimate the target.
Prenatal diagnosis of spina bifida aperta after first‐trimester valproate exposure

In the context of a prospective study on the adverse effects of anti‐epileptic drugs on fetal outcome, we evaluated our experience with prenatal diagnosis by ultrasonography and α‐ fetoprotein (AFP) determination in amniotic fluid. We compared these results with AFP values in maternal serum obtained prior to amniocentesis. From November 1985 to July 1990, amniocentesis at 16–18 weeks of gestation was performed in 267 pregnancies of 237 different women using anti‐epileptic drugs. Among 92 pregnancies with maternal valproic acid use, five (including one concordantly affected monozygotic twin‐pair) were terminated because of a spina bifida aperta, all prenatally diagnosed by AFP determination and acetylcholinesterase electrophoresis in amniotic fluid. The maternal serum AFP level was raised (⩾ 2.5 multiples of the median (MOM) for singleton pregnancies and ⩾ 4.5 MOM for twin pregnancies) in only two of these five affected pregnancies. We emphasize that maternal serum AFP levels may be unreliable for prenatal screening for fetal neural tube defects in women taking valproate and recommend that amniocentesis and fetal ultrasound examination should be offered directly.
Study of microarray time series data based on Forward-Backward Linear Prediction and Singular Value Decomposition

We propose a method to analyse the periodicities of gene expression profiles based on the spectral domain approach. Our spectral reconstruction method outperforms three other recently proposed methods, which do not require any prior knowledge. It is proven that an alternative method for studying cell-cycle regulation is possible even where very little prior knowledge is available. We also investigate the potential of combining signals with similar frequency components to form an overdetermined system of equations, and use least squares solution to estimate the spectral frequency. Results show that this new method is able to estimate the peak frequency more accurately.
FEMALE STRATEGY DURING MATE CHOICE: THRESHOLD ASSESSMENT

Female mate choice, one ofthe primary mechanisms of sexual selection, has now been demonstrated in a variety of species (Searcy [1982], Bateson [1983], Thornhill and Alcock [1983], and Endler [1986]). Most cases involve female discrimination among males on the basis of resources offered to the female or her offspring (Thornhill, 1976, 1980; Rutowski, 1982; Petrie, 1983; Gwynne, 1984; Alatalo et aI., 1986). Fewer studies have shown that females discriminate strictly on the basis of male traits (Searcy, 1982; Arnold, 1983, 1985) such as visual cues (Muggleton, 1979; O'Donald and Muggleton, 1979; Andersson, 1982; Houde, 1987), auditory cues (Gibson and Bradbury, 1985; Ryan, 1985; Hedrick, 1986; Loffredo and Borgia, 1986), and olfactory cues (Huck and Banks, 1982; Moore and Breed, 1986; Shapiro and Dewsbury, 1986; Moore, 1988). The former examples of mate choice are relatively well accepted, while the latter have drawn considerable discussion, mostly centered on theoretical models for why a trait is chosen (i.e., arbitrarily preferred traits versus ones that represent "good genes"; see Searcy, 1982; Bateson, 1983). Good-genes models of mate choice have remained verbal, while the Fisherian process of mate choice for arbitrary characters has been successfully modeled mathematically (Arnold, 1985), Empirical tests of the assumptions involved in all the various models remain elusive (Searcy, 1982; Arnold, 1983, 1985; Borgia et aI., 1985; but see Boake [1985, 1986], Borgia [1985], and Simmons [1987]), A second area of contention in studies ofmate choice concerns the rules females use when choosing among males that make only genetic contributions to their offspring (Maynard Smith, 1985; Partridge and Harvey, 1986). At least two major forms of female assessment strategies have been proposed. Theoretically, females can either sample and compare several males and choose the "best" (comparison to an external standard; "best-of-V" rule) or females can choose a male that exceeds some threshold level for the character of choice (comparison to an internal standard; "threshold-comparison" rule) (Janetos, 1980; Janetos and Cole, 1981; Lande, 1981; Seger, 1985). Studies that have investigated this question empirically have only dem-