Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of Urban Land Administration Processes and Institutional Arrangements of Ethiopia: Based on Advocacy Coalition Theory

Land is the most vital resource on earth from which humankind derives almost all its basic needs. Land plays significant role through economic, social, political and cultural dimensions. Administration of this vital resource (Land) is a major issue underlying social, economic and cultural development. Its protection will be sustainable if there is proper land administration system. Land administration and management in urban Ethiopia during the last decade was in transition and has faced many interrelated challenges simultaneously. Addis Ababa (capital of Ethiopia) had a plan to expand its territory into the surrounding areas. However, the master plan proposed by city administration in 2016 has faced challenges from the residents of the surroundings. Thus, the major objective of this paper is to evaluate the Federal urban land administration processes and institutional arrangements in light of advocacy coalition theory. In order to achieve the objective stated above, the paper has used primary and secondary data sources. Desk review research strategy and qualitative research approach are at the heart of the analysis. Primary data through telephone interview with federal urban and rural land administration experts, secondary data from different sources such as internet, proclamations, regulations, reports and constitution were benchmarked. Two governmental institutions have been used as coalition allies, which are Addis Ababa city administration and Peri-urban towns. The federal government in this case is served as a policy broker. The paper found that Ethiopia administers and manages its land by two different legal frameworks and separate institutions. The rural land administration and management, at federal level, is administered by the Ministry of Agriculture and Natural Resources while the urban land, at federal level, is administered by the Ministry of Urban Development and Housing. All urban lands in the country are governed by the new urban land lease holding proclamation No. 721/2011. This proclamation has been enacted in accordance with article 40 of the Constitution.
Prevention of Falls - Interventions in the Home Visits to the Elderly: Scoping Review

Background: The prevalence of falls in the elderly population is high, causing mortality, morbidity, and loss of functionality, contributing to an increase in the elderly’s dependence, loss of quality of life and decrease in the average life expectancy. This study aims to identify the interventions performed during the home visit that may have an impact on the reduction of risk, on the prevention of falls, on their recurrence and / or on secondary injuries. Methods and Findings: Scoping review, with the inclusion of primary studies to answer the research question: Which nursing interventions during the home visit prevent the (C) fall in the home (Co) of the Elderly Person? Research conducted in the databases available on the search engines of EBSCO, B-On, ISI; SCOPUS and JBI, inclusion and exclusion criteria were defined. The search time limit has been restricted to the last 5 years. The 10 studies that integrate the sample are heterogeneous, evaluated a total of 32,308 elderly. The use of cognitive-behavioral strategies has a positive effect on reducing mortality, institutionalization, falls and functional decline. The results of our investigation are not conclusive as to the effect of physical exercise performed at home in the prevention of falls. The elderly positively evaluate the performance of home visits to prevent falls. Conclusions: Evidence on the effectiveness of home visits for falls prevention is low. Future studies should explore the effectiveness of different programs to promote physical activity and social participation in reducing the risk and prevalence of falls.
An Additional Monitoring of Regional Cerebral Oxygen Saturation to HMPAO SPECT Study During Balloon Test Occlusion

Background and Purpose—To increase the reliability of 99mTc–hexamethyl propyleneamine oxime (HMPAO) single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) study in the evaluation of hemodynamic change with balloon test occlusion (BTO) of the internal carotid artery, we attempted to clarify the usefulness of additional monitoring of regional oxygen saturation of the brain (rSO2). Methods—During BTO, rSO2 monitoring with transcranial near infrared spectroscopy was performed 17 times on 16 patients. Asymmetrical distribution of the tracer was classified visually as follows: group 1, little or no asymmetry, and group 2, moderate or severe asymmetry. Seven regions of interest (ROI) were defined in the middle cerebral artery area of each hemisphere, and the asymmetry index (AI)=200×(Cnon−Coccl)/(Cnon+Coccl)), where Cnon=mean counts on the nonoccluded side, and Coccl=mean counts on the occluded side were also calculated. Then, mean AI (MAI) was obtained from AI of 7 ROIs for each study. Results—Of the 17 procedures,.
The risk of sarcopenia 24 months after bariatric surgery – assessment by dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA): a prospective study

Introduction Bariatric procedures lead to changes in body composition. Desired fat loss may be accompanied by decrease of muscle mass, thus raising the risk of sarcopenia. Aim To detect the risk of sarcopenia in patients 24 months after different bariatric/metabolic (B/M) procedures by DEXA. Material and methods Consecutive patients scheduled for a B/M procedure underwent DEXA scan and anthropometric assessment before and 24 months after surgery in a prospective manner. Obtained data were tested for significant differences (p < 0.05) to detect body composition changes and occurrence of sarcopenia. The International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ) was answered at 24 months to assess physical activity. Results Nineteen patients were enrolled, with no drop-off at follow-up. Body mass index dropped from 42.4 ±6.3 to 30.3 ±4.9 kg/m2, with excess weight loss of 72 ±25% and substantial improvement of all relevant anthropometric measurements (p < 0.001). Significant changes in DEXA parameters were observed: fat mass index (19.5 ±4.7 vs. 12.1 ±3.7 kg/m2), estimated visceral adipose area (235.8 ±70.0 vs. 126.5 ±50.4 cm2), lean mass index (22.1 ±2.4 vs. 18.1 ±2.3 kg/m2), appendage lean mass index (9.7 ±1.3 vs. 7.7 ±1.1 kg/m2), bone mineral content (1.22 ±0.1 vs. 1.12 ±0.1 kg), Z score (2.32 vs. 0.96) and T score (0.58 vs. –0.58). A low level of physical activity was recorded at 24 months. Conclusions B/M procedures lead to significant changes in body composition at 24 months after surgery. DEXA detects these changes effectively. Desired fat loss is associated with significant reduction of skeletal muscle and bone mineral mass. As such, patients after B/M surgery are at risk of sarcopenia. A low level of physical activity may also play a negative role.
Adaptive neuro‐fuzzy inference system to estimate the predictability of visibility during fog over Delhi, India

In the present research it was attempted to estimate the predictability of visibility during fog over the airport of the most polluted city Delhi (28 ° 38 ′ N, 77 ° 12 ′ E), India, with an adaptive neuro‐fuzzy inference system (ANFIS). The investigation started with the evaluation of fuzzy membership to categorize the data into different ranges. The output variables of fuzzy membership are used as the input in the multilayer perceptron model of artificial neural networks. In this hybrid computing system, the ANFIS was trained with the data from 2000 to 2010 for estimating the predictability of visibility during fog over Delhi airport. The results show that the ANFIS provides minimum forecast errors (9.09%) with 12 hr lead time in comparison to other neural network models and the existing forecast models. The results were validated with observations from 2011 to 2015. The coupled model ANFIS shows minimum error in visibility forecasting during fog over Delhi airport with validation from observations as well. The study therefore suggests that the ANFIS may be adopted as an alternative operational model for forecasting visibility during fog with 90.91% accuracy for a 12 hr lead time.
Increasing Recruitment and Engagement with Time-Limited Financial Incentives

The literature indicates external deadlines and financial incentives undermine motivation and compliance. We present lab and field experiments that test the effectiveness of time-limited incentive programs, in particular, one we call “declining financial incentive” in which the incentive declines over time. Compared to the control condition (no financial incentive with no deadlines to enroll), more participants enrolled in the time-limited incentive programs, especially in the higher incentives and declining incentive conditions (studies 1 and 2). These effects occurred because participants in the declining incentive condition were engaged in anticipatory regret aversion. Variations in financial incentive levels and format did not produce different decay in engagement rates over a 1-year period. Declining financial incentives are recommended to increase enrollment and postenrollment engagement.
AN INVESTIGATION OF ACUTE EFFECT OF KINESIO TAPING ON SINGLE LEG BALANCE IN TAEKWONDO ATHLETES: A RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED TRIAL

Amac: Denge, taekwondo sporcularinin sportif performansinda ve yaralanmalardan korunmasinda onem tasimaktadir. Dengeyi gelistirmek icin cesitli stratejiler gelistirilmektedir. Kinezyoteyp uygulamasi da bu yontemlerden biridir. Calismanin amaci kalca abduktor kas grubuna yapilacak kinezyoteyp uygulamasinin elit sporcularda tek ayak denge becerisine etkisini tespit etmektir. Yontem: Calisma, milli takim kampinda olan ve alt ekstremite yaralanma oykusu bulunmayan 53 (28 kisi kontrol grubu, 25 kisi denek grubu) elit taekwondo sporcusu ile yapildi. Calisma grubunun ikinci olcumu oncesinde deneklerin kalca abduktor kas grubuna kinezyoteyp uygulamasi yapildi. Sporculara 48 saatlik araliklarla iki denge testi uygulandi. Denge testlerinde sporcularin agirlik merkezi salinimlari hesaplandi. Calisma grubundaki sporcularin kalca abduktor kaslarina ilk denge olcumunden sonra Kinesiotape (KT) uygulamasi yapildi. Ikinci denge olcumu KT uygulamasindan 48 saat sonra yapildi. Sonuclar: Elde edilen verilerin analizi sonucunda calisma ve kontrol grubunun ilk ve ikinci denge testleri arasinda total skor, A-P skor ve M-L skorlarda istatistiksel olarak anlamli farklilik olmadigi tespit edildi (p>0.05). Tartisma: Calismanin sonuclarina bakildiginda kalca abduktor kas grubuna uygulanan kinezyoteyp uygulamasinin saglikli elit taekwondo sporcularinda dengeye etkisi bulunmadigi tespit edildi.
A Low Complexity, High Throughput DoA Estimation Chip Design for Adaptive Beamforming

Direction of Arrival (DoA) estimation is essential to adaptive beamforming widely used in many radar and wireless communication systems. Although many estimation algorithms have been investigated, most of them focus on the performance enhancement aspect but overlook the computing complexity or the hardware implementation issues. In this paper, a low-complexity yet effective DoA estimation algorithm and the corresponding hardware accelerator chip design are presented. The proposed algorithm features a combination of signal sub-space projection and parallel matching pursuit techniques, i.e., applying signal projection first before performing matching pursuit from a codebook. This measure helps minimize the interference from noise sub-space and makes the matching process free of extra orthogonalization computations. The computing complexity can thus be reduced significantly. In addition, estimations of all signal sources can be performed in parallel without going through a successive update process. To facilitate an efficient hardware implementation, the computing scheme of the estimation algorithm is also optimized. The most critical part of the algorithm, i.e., calculating the projection matrix, is largely simplified and neatly accomplished by using QR decomposition. In addition, the proposed scheme supports parallel matches of all signal sources from a beamforming codebook to improve the processing throughput. The algorithm complexity analysis shows that the proposed scheme outperforms other well-known estimation algorithms significantly under various system configurations. The performance simulation results further reveal that, subject to a beamforming codebook with a 5° angular resolution, the Root Mean Square (RMS) error of angle estimations is only 0.76° when Signal to Noise Ratio (SNR) = 20 dB. The estimation accuracy outpaces other matching pursuit based approaches and is close to that of the classic Estimation of Signal Parameters Via Rotational Invariance Techniques (ESPRIT) scheme but requires only one fifth of its computing complexity. In developing the hardware accelerator design, pipelined Coordinate Rotation Digital Computer (CORDIC) processors consisting of simple adders and shifters are employed to implement the basic trigonometric operations needed in QR decomposition. A systolic array architecture is developed as the computing kernel for QR decomposition. Other computing modules are also realized using various linear systolic arrays and chained together seamlessly to maximize the computing throughput. A Taiwan Semiconductor Manufacturing Company (TSMC) 40 nm CMOS process was chosen as the implementation technology. The gate count of the chip design is 454.4k, featuring a core size of 0.76 mm 2 , and can operate up to 333 MHz. This suggests that one DoA estimation, with up to three signal sources, can be performed every 2.38 μs.
Short 
k ‐radius sequences, 
k ‐difference sequences and universal cycles

An n ‐ary k ‐radius sequence is a finite sequence of elements taken from an alphabet of size n in which any two distinct elements occur within distance k of each other somewhere in the sequence. The study of constructing short k ‐radius sequences was motivated by some problems occurring in large data transfer. Let f k ( n ) be the shortest length of any n ‐ary k ‐radius sequence. We show that the conjecture f k ( n ) = n 2 2 k + O ( n ) by Bondy et al is true for k ≤ 4 , and determine the exact values of f 2 ( n ) for new infinitely many n . Further, we investigate new sequences which we call k ‐difference, as they are related to k ‐radius sequences and seem to be interesting in themselves. Finally, we answer a question about the optimal length of packing and covering analogs of universal cycles proposed by Dębski et al.
A Systematic Review on the Intervention Program of Smartphone Addiction

This study analyzed the intervention program of smartphone addiction. The literature used for this research analysis was published from Jan. 2010 to Jul. 2019. The foreign literature was searched for in 'Pubmed and Science Direct', and the domestic literature was found in 'RISS, Keris, and KISS'. A total of 310 studies were found and analyzed on the basis of our inclusion and exclusion criteria. Finally, 16 theses were analyzed. Thirteen theses (81%) meet the required evidence level, and three theses (19%) had level III. As a result of analysis on the intervention methods of smartphone addiction, art therapy was found in 6 theses (37.5%), exercise therapy in four theses (25.0%), and cognitive behavior therapy in three theses (18.6%). After the intervention of most of the programs, there were reduced withdrawal symptoms of smartphone addiction, reduced negative feelings like depression, anxiety, and impulsiveness, and increased positive feelings like self-esteem. A smartphone addiction evaluation scale was mostly applied in terms of the evaluated items, along with psychological evaluation. These studies are expected to be effectively used as intervention tools for treating smartphone addiction.
Antioxidant Effects of Vitamin E in Diabetes Mellitus Type 1

In the pathogenesis of the diabetes once the free radicals were implicated, in the sick persons with diabetes, the atherosclerosis it has between characteristic others to be precocious, accelerated, severe and extensive, at this moment has influence to a large extent the secondary dislipoproteinemia to the hyper-glucemia, the lipoproteín’s glucosilation produce changes in them same, that more aterogenics make them and, besides,generate free radicles that provoke oxidation of the apoprotein of the lipids in the cellular core and of close macromolecules [1,2,3].
Protective effect of substituted biguanidine on rat diabetic nephropaty – histological study

Nephropathy remains an important complication of diabetes. This work was carried out to evaluate the protective effects of N-thioacetylbiguanidine on the diabetic rat kidney. Fifteen adult male Wistar rats were divided into two groups: Group I, control (n=5) and Group II, diabetic group (n=10). The latter was equally divided into two subgroups: IIa (diabetic control) and IIb (diabetic N-thioacetylbiguanidine treated). Specimens were taken from the renal cortex, processed and examined using light, immunohistochemical, ultrastructural and morphometric techniques.The renal cortices from diabetic animals showed dilated glomeruli and tubules and thickening of the glomerular capillary basement membranes. The proximal tubules revealed partial loss of brush border and deposition of PAS-positive material in some distal tubules. iNOS-immunoreactivity was strongly expressed in the renal tubules and glomeruli. The juxtaglomerular (JG) cells revealed no intra-cytoplasmic secretory granules. The histological changes in renal glomeruli and tubules were improved in N-thioacetylbiguanidine treated group. Use of N-thioacetylbiguanidine characteristically reduced iNOS expression in kidney and renin secretion in JG cells.In conclusion, N-thioacetylbiguanidine is effective in attenuating the histological changes of diabetic nephropathy reaching healing features, which resemble that of a normal kidney.
A Building Life-Cycle Embodied Performance Index—The Relationship between Embodied Energy, Embodied Carbon and Environmental Impact

Knowledge and research tying the environmental impact and embodied energy together is a largely unexplored area in the building industry. The aim of this study is to investigate the practicality of using the ratio between embodied energy and embodied carbon to measure the building’s impact. This study is based on life-cycle assessment and proposes a new measure: life-cycle embodied performance (LCEP), in order to evaluate building performance. In this project, eight buildings located in the same climate zone with similar construction types are studied to test the proposed method. For each case, the embodied energy intensities and embodied carbon coefficients are calculated, and four environmental impact categories are quantified. The following observations can be drawn from the findings: (a) the ozone depletion potential could be used as an indicator to predict the value of LCEP; (b) the use of embodied energy and embodied carbon independently from each other could lead to incomplete assessments; and (c) the exterior wall system is a common significant factor influencing embodied energy and embodied carbon. The results lead to several conclusions: firstly, the proposed LCEP ratio, between embodied energy and embodied carbon, can serve as a genuine indicator of embodied performance. Secondly, environmental impact categories are not dependent on embodied energy, nor embodied carbon. Rather, they are proportional to LCEP. Lastly, among the different building materials studied, metal and concrete express the highest contribution towards embodied energy and embodied carbon.
A Survey on Multi-Scale Medical images Fusion Techniques: Brain Diseases

Brain diseases such as degenerative (alzheimer's disease), neoplastic disease (brain tumor like sarcoma, glioma) are considered an interesting topic areas in the medical image fusion diagnosis. Pixel-level image fusion techniques are designed to combine multiple/multi-scale input images into a fused image, which is expected to be more informative for human or machine perception as compared to any of the input images. Since they are difficult to be summarized ; survey paper are characterized by (1) medical image definition , brain diseases challenges , analysis a various techniques for multi-scale image fusion with its own modalities, fusion rule, fusion strategy and dis-advantage ,Whilst used a database of medical images for medical Harvard School (brain diseases) which contains various groups of co-registered multi-modal images including MRI/CT, MRI/PET and PET/SPECT and MRI (T1/T2) images.
In vitro antileishmanial and antioxidant activities of essential oils from different parts of Murraya paniculata (L.) Jack: a species of Rutaceae that occur in the Cerrado biome in Brazil

In Brazilian folk medicine, Murraya paniculata has been used for treating intestine disorders, rheumatism and cough. This paper aims to investigate the in vitro antileishmanial and antioxidant activities of essential oils (EO) from M. paniculata leaves and fruits (ripe and unripe ones). Natural antioxidants may be very beneficial to improve quality of life, since they are capable of protecting the body against damage caused by free radicals and, consequently, either preventing or postponing many diseases from starting their cycles. One of the techniques which has been widely used for detecting antioxidant compounds is the method based on the elimination of the stable free radical 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH•). It has been considered easy, precise, fast, simple, economical and appropriate to determine antioxidant activity of pure substances and complex mixtures, such as EO. Thus, antioxidant potential of EO was evaluated by using the method of the free radical 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH•). EO from M. paniculata leaves and fruits exhibited weak potential, since EC50 values were above 700 μg/mL. Several reports have stated that volatile oils from plants show promising leishmanicidal activity against promastigote forms of Leishmania amazonensis; in relation to this activity, leaf oil was highly active (IC50 = 7.33±2.07 μg/mL) while ripe and unripe fruit oils were active, with values of IC50 = 30.77±2.07 μg/mL and 13.04±1.64 μg/mL, respectively. Both GC-FID and GC-MS analyses revealed that the major components determined in EO from M. paniculata were sesquithujene (25.0%), trans-β-caryophyllene (23.8%), α-zingiberene (21.0%), αylangene (13.3%), germacrene D (13.1%), α-copaene (12.7%), and β-cubebene (10.2%). In vitro antileishmanial and antioxidant activities of EO from M. paniculata have also been described for the first time.
Development of Partial Ferrite double-D Pad for IPT Systems for EV Charging

Inductive power transfer (IPT) is a promising method for electric vehicle (EV) charging that is safe and practical. The critical aspects of IPT systems to achieve roadway charging are robustness, reliability, low cost and high power transfer. This paper presents two variations of a primary IPT double-D (DD) coupler that reduce ferrite volume, stray-fields and cost while having increased power rating at the expense of magnetic coupling and higher primary pad currents. A two-step ferrite shaping method is used for optimisation while keeping the primary coil and secondary pad unchanged. The ferrite volume is limited to the high flux density locations in a first step to reduce ferrite volume by 70%. Following this, an additional 14% ferrite volume is added to shape and reduce the stray fields by 23%.