Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
K-core analysis and modeling for network centralities

Network modeling is the interdisciplinary study of relationships. Network analysis deals with relational data and Network modeling represents the interdisciplinary study of relationships. Network structure can be studied at many different levels. Around 1000 article titles on cancer, published in journal resources were considered as a dataset. Data exploration was done through displaying nodes and edges in various layouts. With a term frequency limit of 100, nearly 64 terms appeared which less than 1% sparse is. Word cloud data was plotted using word frequencies from term matrix data. An undirected network graph plotted and evaluated density, average path length and modularity, which were found to be within limits. K-cores have also been used to analyze the connectivity of a network. Network centralities such as Degree centrality, Closeness, Eigenvector and between’s centrality resulted in node carcinoma being more central in the network.
GROUP EXTERNAL MEMORY AID TREATMENT FOR MILD COGNITIVE IMPAIRMENT

ABSTRACT Background: Although individuals with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) often live independently, instruction on compensatory strategies could assist individuals with complex daily tasks. External memory aids (EMA) are evidence-based compensatory strategies that support cognitive communication impairments. Often EMAs are included within multi-strategy-based interventions; however, limited research has examined solely training several EMAs to individuals with mild memory impairments and the long-lasting outcomes. Aims: The aims of this study were to examine the effect of structured group EMA treatment for individuals with possible MCI on their: (1) functional use of EMAs to compensate for memory impairments compared to before treatment; (2) cognitive skills post-treatment; and (3) do these changes maintain for 6 weeks and 18 months following intervention. Methods & Procedures: The researchers employed an experimental pre-/post-group treatment design and collected 6-week and 18-month follow-up data. Six participants were divided into two groups. Participants completed 6 weekly group treatment sessions training three categories of EMAs. Group 1 began treatment immediately and Group 2 started treatment following the conclusion of treatment for Group 1. Outcomes and Results: Participants increased their functional EMA use following treatment on a Role Play Activity. Group mean scores on the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (Nasreddine et al., 2005) increased following treatment. Inconsistent retention of skills was documented for both functional EMA use and cognitive skills during follow-up assessment. Conclusions: With treatment, individuals with possible MCI learned to use EMAs during functional activities. Mixed results related to retention of skills indicated the potential importance of booster treatment to reinforce EMA use. Future research should aim to investigate additional methods to measure functional EMA use prior to and following intervention.
Right-side propensity of cardiogenic emboli in acute ischemic stroke with atrial fibrillation

Abstract Objectives. We attempted to determine the propensity for sidedness of cardiogenic emboli associated with atrial fibrillation (AF) by comparing the sides on which microembolic signals (MES) were detected via transcranial Doppler (TCD) monitoring and the location of infarcts on magnetic resonance imaging. Design. Patients with AF on Holter monitoring and MES on TCD monitoring were selected from an ischemic stroke registry. Patients with prosthetic valves or cerebral/carotid artery stenosis were excluded. Results. By TCD monitoring of 30 patients, 78 MES were detected: 47 on the right and 31 on the left side (60.3% vs. 39.7%, p < 0.01, chi-square test). Among 21 patients who had middle or anterior cerebral artery (MCA/ACA) territory infarcts, 16 had right-side-dominant infarcts and 5 patients had left-side-dominant infarcts (76.2% vs. 23.8%, p < 0.01, chi-square test). The median infarct volume on the right side was 16.2 (3.18–75.4) ml, while that of left side was 1.2 (0.25–5.05) ml (p < 0.01, Mann–Whitney U test). Conclusion. This study demonstrated the existence of a right-side propensity of cardiogenic emboli and the larger infarct volume of right-side MCA/ACA stroke in patients with AF. These results can be attributed to anatomical differences between the innominate and the left common carotid artery.
Advancing Patient Safety Through the Clinical Application of a Framework Focused on Communication

Objectives The study of communication has evolved from diverse academic disciplines, yet those diverse fields are not well represented in theoretical frameworks that describe communication in health care, narrowing our ability to explain how communication affects patient safety. The purpose of this review article is to describe a conceptual framework of communication drawn from multiple academic disciplines and apply it to health care, specifically for examining communication between providers about the clinical care of their patients. Methods A seminal article in the field of communication that attempted to map the entire field of communication theory inspired our conceptual framework. We adapted these concepts, largely from the social science literature, to find alternative ways of conceptualizing communication and ways to enhance communication in health care. Results There are 8 theoretical traditions that informed our conceptual framework: rhetorical, phenomenological, semiotic, cybernetic, sociopsychological, sociocultural, critical, and pragmatic. We provide practical, clinical applications of our conceptual framework, encompassing the interpersonal nature of communication, relationship building and trust, hierarchical differences, and the role of technology in communication. In adopting our conceptual framework, we suggest that researchers and clinicians can choose from any combination of these 8 theoretical traditions to more fully describe and ultimately enhance communication-related phenomena. Conclusions Poor communication remains a stubborn problem in health care in part because of a narrow theoretical and definitional approach to resolving it. Our conceptual framework suggests ways to build relationships and trust, addresses hierarchical differences between communicators, and illuminates the role of technology in communication. It also importantly expands the definition of the value of communication beyond simple information exchange to include creation of new knowledge during communication through the development of shared understanding.
Why do male birds not discriminate between their own and extra-pair offspring?

Abstract A number of recent models of optimal paternal investment predict that males should alter their investment in offspring in response to changes in paternity or certainty of paternity. One way in which it has been suggested that male birds might do this would be to recognize their own offspring and to discriminate in their favour. Despite frequent statements that nothing is known about whether birds possess this ability or whether they exercise it, there is a considerable body of evidence suggesting that males do not discriminate against non-related offspring. This evidence is reviewed and an attempt made to explain the absence of kin discrimination in males under these circumstances by considering potential mechanisms of kin discrimination. Although there is selection for males to discriminate in favour of their own offspring it is argued that they are unable to do so because of conflicts between the male, female and offspring over signalling identity, and because the circumstances associated with extra-pair paternity disrupt the operation of some mechanisms. Male birds might possess behavioural ‘rules of thumb’ which lead to behaviour that appears similar to offspring recognition, but the sophistication of such rules is likely to be limited by the stochasticity inherent in fertilization.
Effects of an environmental perturbation on the social behaviour and physiological function of brown trout

We investigated the effect of an environmental perturbation on brown trout, Salmo trutta, dominance hierarchies. Hierarchies were established over a 1-week period under constant simulated natural conditions in artificial stream tanks. In the perturbation treatment water levels were then lowered for a week to simulate a drought, whereas conditions remained the same in the control tanks. We recorded behavioural interactions before and after the environmental perturbation. After the 2-week experiment, we killed the fish and measured growth rate, plasma cortisol, hepatic glycogen content, hepatosomatic index, gill epithelial chloride cell densities and interrenal cell nuclear areas. Aggression showed a nonsignificant increase in the drought tanks when the water level was lowered, and behaviour and social ranking of the fish were significantly affected by the environmental perturbation with a general breakdown in the social hierarchy. The pronounced benefits of dominance in terms of growth rate observed in the control tanks were not apparent in the drought tanks. However, the cortisol concentrations of the drought fish were not significantly higher than those of control fish at the end of the experiment, suggesting that the environmental change itself was not physiologically stressful in the long term. Neither were any other physiological parameters measured significantly different to those of the control tanks. Given that a stable social system (and its physiological consequences) was observed only in a constant environment, misleading conclusions may be drawn if environmental perturbations are not incorporated into experiments studying the behaviour of stream-living fish in simulated natural conditions.
Individual odours and mating success in the golden hamster, Mesocricetus auratus


Abstract Abstract. This study tested (1) whether female golden hamsters can detect individual differences in the odours of conspecific males, and (2) whether a female's exposure to individually distinctive male odours can facilitate mating success. In experiment 1, a habituation-discrimination paradigm showed that females can distinguish individual differences in the odours of flank gland secretions, urine, faeces, and soiled bedding from males. In experiment 2, four groups of females were exposed to male odours (soiled bedding) or to no odours (clean bedding) for 30 min per day for 10 days. Females then were tested in dyadic encounters with males, and aggressive and sexual behaviour patterns were recorded. Group 1 females were exposed to the odours of one male, then tested with the same male. Group 2 females were exposed to the odours of one male but tested with a different male. Group 3 females were exposed to the odours of 10 different males then tested with another unfamiliar male. Group 4 females were not exposed to any male odours and were tested with an unfamiliar male. Group 1 females showed lower levels of aggression and higher levels of sexual behaviour than did females in the other groups. Pregnancy rates were similar among the groups, but group 1 females produced significantly larger litters than did females in the other groups. These results suggest that mammalian scent marking may have important sexual functions, and that a female's familiarity with the individual odours of a conspecific male may facilitate mating and affect reproductive success.
Using mixed precision within DL_POLY's force and energy evaluations: short-range two-body interactions

Huge developments were made in molecular dynamics simulation methods in the last two decades, particularly in the ability to use large scale parallel platforms. In this report, we consider the use of mixed precision within DL POLY 4, a molecular dynamics simulation code developed by CCP5. In particular, we investigate using mixed precision within the calculations relating to the short-range force and energy contributions between an atom/ion and a near-by neighbour. We investigate the Ewald real-space kernel, the van der Waals potential calculations and the metal potential calculations. This work forms part of the CoSeC-funded Software Outlook project.
Structural and Functional Dynamics of Dehydrins: A Plant Protector Protein under Abiotic Stress

Abiotic stress affects the growth and development of crops tremendously, worldwide. To avoid adverse environmental effects, plants have evolved various efficient mechanisms to respond and adapt to harsh environmental factors. Stress conditions are associated with coordinated changes in gene expressions at a transcriptional level. Dehydrins have been extensively studied as protectors in plant cells, owing to their vital roles in sustaining the integrity of membranes and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH). Dehydrins are highly hydrophilic and thermostable intrinsically disordered proteins (IDPs), with at least one Lys-rich K-segment. Many dehydrins are induced by multiple stress factors, such as drought, salt, extreme temperatures, etc. This article reviews the role of dehydrins under abiotic stress, regulatory networks of dehydrin genes, and the physiological functions of dehydrins. Advances in our understanding of dehydrin structures, gene regulation and their close relationships with abiotic stresses demonstrates their remarkable ability to enhance stress tolerance in plants.
ELSI-Fragestellungen im Kontext der Mensch-Roboter-Kollaboration

Kurzfassung: Zukünftige Roboter werden Arbeitsaufgaben mit dem Menschen gemeinsam, zur gleichen Zeit und am gleichen Ort verrichten. In diesem Beitrag werden ethische, rechtliche und soziale Implikationen (ELSI), die sich durch diesen Wandel ergeben, analysiert. Eine Zielsetzung dabei ist, ELSI-Fragestellungen zu identifizieren und systematisch aufzuarbeiten. Ein vielversprechender Ansatz ist die Systematisierung ethischer Fragestellungen mit dem Modell zur ethischen Evaluation soziotechnischer Arrangements (MEESTAR) im Rahmen von Experten-Workshops. Auf Basis dieser Fragestellungen können anschließend Chancen und Potentiale einer Mensch-Roboter-Kollaboration aufgezeigt werden.
Development of Online Jobs Publication System

: This study aimed to develop an online jobs publication system that caters both employers and job seekers to post jobs related information and qualification respectively through the internet. Employers may post job vacancies online in their respective industries so that job seekers may be able to view and apply certain position electronically. Job seekers may also attach their educational qualification and job experiences. It also aimed to assess the software’s quality assurance in terms of job seeker’s security, usability, functionality, and reliability. It utilized the project method through the software development life cycle model. The main assessment tool was the evaluation sheet prepared by the researchers. There were 30 respondents included during testing and evaluation. The study revealed that the online jobs publication system is the best tool for communication between employers/recruitment agencies and job seekers through communication and information technology. Electronic mails, private message, video communication, forums and blogs are used to communicate between them. The system caters not only for the benefit of employers but it is also beneficial to the job seekers in searching for a right job and right employer conveniently according to their needs. The implementing establishment of the software may earn financial benefits if the website is visited multiple times by the viewing public, so then, business owners are attracted to use the website for the advertisement of the their products. It also revealed that the software has a high level of security for the protection of job seekers to avoid scammers since the system validates and filters all registered employers/recruitment agencies based on the POEA, DOLE and SEC registered agencies database. The software quality assurance in terms of functionality and reliability were also very high considering that the software performed fast and accurate delivery of results.
High-dose calcitriol therapy and progression of cardiac vascular calcifications.

BACKGROUND Dialysis patients show a very high prevalence of cardiovascular complications, affected as they are with abnormal and accelerated vascular calcifications and, eventually, calcium and phosphorous metabolism disorders. Multislice computed tomography (MSCT) provides a reproducible, high-resolution imaging of calcium contained in cardiac arteries, measured by Agatston score. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the influence of high-dose and low-dose calcitriol therapy on the progression of cardiac vascular calcifications in dialyzed patients. METHODS We enrolled 36 dialyzed patients in a prospective study, including an interventional period of 12 months and a follow-up period of 12 months. Eighteen protocol patients received intravenous pulses of high-doses calcitriol at the end of dialytic treatment and sevelamer hydrochloride therapy. Control patients received low-dose calcitriol and sevelamer hydrochloride as well. Two MSCT scans were performed: 1 at the start of the study and 1 at the end of follow-up, and Agatston score was calculated at both examinations. RESULTS At first examination, protocol patients showed almost the same level of cardiac vascular calcification as control patients. At the second MSCT, statistically significantly higher values of Agatston score were recorded for all patients. Indeed, patients who showed higher baseline values developed worse calcifications as recorded at the end of follow-up, both in the protocol and control group. CONCLUSIONS Our data show that baseline level is strongly predictive of vascular calcification progression, and, moreover, there is no association between calcitriol administered doses and the progression of cardiac vascular calcification.
Quantitative tests of sex ratio models in a pollinating fig wasp

Abstract Pollinating fig wasps are often used to study sex ratio evolution in structured mating populations. Theory predicts a female-biased sex ratio, becoming less female biased as female (foundress) density increases. We usedLiporrhopalum tentacularis to test two mechanisms of sex ratio control when foundresses oviposit simultaneously: (1) foundresses facultatively adjust the number of males in clutches, and (2) they produce the same number of males regardless of clutch size, which, given limited numbers of oviposition sites, would lead to increases in sex ratio with increasing density. We then examined whether foundresses can oviposit sequentially into figs. When oviposition was simultaneous, brood composition indicated facultative adjustment, although sex ratios were more female biased than predicted. Instead, foundresses appeared to adjust their sex ratio in response to both others ovipositing and their own fecundity. We also found that foundresses are able to oviposit completely sequentially, with those arriving second adjusting their sex ratio in response to the previous oviposition. Hence, pollinating wasps may fail to fit the predictions of classical sex ratio theory because the conditions under which foundresses oviposit, and their responses to changes in such conditions, are more complex than once assumed. Copyright 2002 The Association for the Study of Animal Behaviour. Published by Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved.
Is Dementia More Fatal Than Previously Estimated? A Population-based Prospective Cohort Study

Dementia increases the risk of mortality (ROM) in the elderly and estimates of hazard ratio (HR) of dementia for mortality have ranged from 1.7 to 6.3. However, previous studies may have underestimated ROM of dementia due to length bias, which occurs when failing to include the persons with rapidly progressive diseases, who died before they could be included in the study. This population-based prospective cohort study conducted on 6,752 randomly sampled Koreans, aged 60 years or older (the Korean Longitudinal Study on Cognitive Aging and Dementia). Cognitive disorders were evaluated at baseline and 2-year follow-up using the Korean version of the Consortium to Establish a Registry for Alzheimer’s Disease Assessment Packet (CERAD-K), and prevalent and incident cases of dementia were identified. The participants’ deaths were confirmed through the National Mortality Database of Statistics Korea. We compared the ROM between prevalent and incident dementia, and estimated HR of dementia for mortality using Cox proportional hazards model. Of the 5,097 responders to the 2-year follow-up assessment, 150 participants had dementia from the baseline (prevalent dementia), and 95 participants developed dementia during the 2-year follow-up period (incident dementia). The ROM of participants with incident dementia was about 3 times higher than the ROM of those with prevalent dementia (HR = 3.04, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.34-6.91). Compared to cognitively normal participants at both the baseline and 2-year follow-up assessments, the ROM of those with incident dementia approximately 8 times higher (HR = 8.37, 95 % CI = 4.23-16.54). In conclusion, the ROM of dementia using prevalent cases was underestimated due to length bias, and dementia may be much more fatal than previously estimated. In clinical settings, the ROM of dementia warrants the attention of physicians, particularly in recently incident dementia cases.
Advances in Analogy Research: Integration of Theory and Data from the Cognitive, Computational, and Neural Sciences

Abstract : The Final Proceedings for International Workshop on Advances in Analogy Research. Topics include: (1) Artificial Intelligence, (2) Computational Modeling, (3) Cognitive Psychology, (4) Developmental Psychology, (5) Neuropsychology, Philosophy, (6) Cognitive Linguistics, as well as various applications in Education, Legal and Political Reasoning.
A random female settlement model can explain polygyny in the corn bunting

Abstract Polygyny in territorial birds is predicted to arise through random female settlement when females do not suffer costs to polygyny and male territories are homogeneous with respect to female preferences. Data from a study of corn buntings, Miliaria calandra , on North Uist, Scotland, supported the hypothesis that females settle in a Poisson distribution amongst males when such conditions are met. Corn bunting nests were not spatially or temporally more spaced than predicted by chance, suggesting that females did not compete for resources. Differences between males in the composition of their territories did not explain the variation in male mating success. Primary and secondary females did not select territories in the same rank order and primary females did not settle earlier than monogamous females, as would have been predicted if territory or male quality had been important in determining where females settled.
Segmentierung von Oberflächen mittels variabler Beleuchtung

Die Segmentierung des Bildes einer Oberflache ist ein wichtiger Prozessschritt in vielen Sichtprufungssystemen. Weil das von einer Kamera aufgenommene Bild einer Oberflache stark von der Beleuchtungsrichtung abhangt, liefert eine Serie von Bildern, aufgenommen mit jeweils unterschiedlicher Beleuchtungsrichtung, im Allgemeinen mehr Information als ein einzelnes Bild unter gerichteter oder diffuser Beleuchtung. In dieser Arbeit werden neue Methoden zur Segmentierung von Oberflachen auf Grundlage einer solchen Bildserie prasentiert. Anhand von Beispielen werden die Vorteile gegenuber der Segmentierung eines Einzelbildes der Oberflache erlautert.