Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Deformation of a Vertical Bore Hole in a Piedmont Glacier

THE well-conceived and nicely executed British plans for measurement of velocity distribution along a vertical profile in the Jungfraufirn I, 2 provided inspiration and guidance for a similar experiment in the Malaspina Glacier, Alaska. A repetition of the earlier experiment seemed desirable because it was not entirely certain that the Jungfraufirn provides the best conditions for extrusion flow,3,4 the concept it was desired to test. The Malaspina Glacier appears to offer conditions ideally suited for extrusion flow. It is a piedmont glacier, a sheet of ice with gentle surface slope, covering more than IOOO square miles on the flat coastal plain of southern Alaska. From seismic reflections, the glacier's floor is known to slope northward toward the mountains in opposition to the southward flow of ice. slopes gently The cased with 3'5 inner diameter and 4 cm. outer iameter.
Scrum Leptin Levels and their Relationship to Tumor Necrosis Factor« and Interleukin-6 in Neonatal Sepsis

Circulating leptin concentrations are raised in animal models of inflammation and sepsis and leptin production is also increased in rodents by administration of endotoxin or cytokines. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of sepsis on serum leptin concentration and whether circulating leptin was related to tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) release in newborn infants. Plasma leptin, TNF-alpha and IL-6 were measured in 20 neonates with culture-proven sepsis as soon as sepsis was diagnosed and after recovery and in 15 healthy control infants. There was no significant difference in plasma leptin levels between septic and control infants (p > 0.05); there was also no difference in plasma leptin levels in septic neonates before and after therapy (p > 0.05). No relationship between leptin and TNF-alpha (r = 0.16, p > 0.05) or IL-6 (r = 0.12, p > 0.05) was identified. These findings suggest that a major role of leptin in acute neonatal sepsis appears unlikely.
Serum Creatinine, Urea and Their CD4+ T-lymphocyte Count among HIV Positive Patients before and after Initiation of HAART at St. Paul’s General Specialized Hospital In Addis Ababa, Ethiopia

Objective: To describe the serum level of urea and creatinine, and as well as CD 4 + T cell count of blood among HIV positive patients before and after initiation of HAART in St. Paulo’s general specialized hospital. Methods: A retrospective follow up study was conducted among HIV infected individuals who take HAART drug combination regimens such as (TDF/3TC/EFV), (TDF/3TC/NVP), (AZT/3TC/NVP), (D4T/3TC/EFV) and (D4T/3TC/NVP) and visit St. Paulo’s generalized hospital laboratory for renal Results: A total of 2026 HIV positive patients started HAART between 2007-2009G.C in St. Paulo’s ART clinic. Among them 380 HIV patients, with two and three visits for CD4+ and renal function test (creatinine & urea), were recruited to the study. Of whom 240 (63.2%) were female and 140(36.8%) male. Out of 380 patients, 104(27.4%) were taking 1b30, 94(24.7%) were using 1a30, 77(20.3%) were taking 1d, 57(15%) 1c, 14(3.7%) tdf/3tc/efv, 12(3.2%) use tdf/3tc/nvp and 22(5.7%) were taking other drug types. The statuses of CD4+ T cell count of patients become improved as they are using HAART drug through visit. These were 115, 266 and 298 out of 380 have greater than 200 CD4+ T cell count on 6 th , 12 th , 18 th months time difference respectively. But the numbers of patients who have renal dysfunction were increased as they were using HAART drug as treatment through visits. These might indicate that, use of HAART drug combination may improve the immune status HIV positive patients even though some renal side effects are there. Therefore, patients (HAART drug user) should have a follow up on renal function to monitor side effects of drug. Conclusion: HAART resulted in improved Immune status of HIV patients with remarkable increase in CD4 T lymphocyte count but at the same time there was an increase in Azotemia after the introduction part of HAART which suggests the impact of drug in renal function. This is especially true for TDF containing drug regimens (TDF/3TC/NVP) which dramatically improve CD4 T lymphocyte count and show significant Azotemia over times.
Impact of rock hardness on fragmentation by hydraulic hammer and crushing in jaw crusher

The physical and mechanical characteristics of intact rocks depend on the way of their formation, tectonic deformations and the process of wearing a specific rock has been exposed to. These characteristics have a rather high influence on the technological process of extraction and dressing of mineral raw materials. However, the mechanical characteristics of rocks due to use of explosives for their extraction in the open pit have a more significant impact. The rock blocks extracted by blasting which are larger than the opening of the primary crusher are usually fragmented by hydraulic hammer. The paper presents the results of the testing of impact of rock hardness on fragmentation of rocks by means of hydraulic hammer and during crushing in jaw crusher. The testing was carried out on the rock samples from five quarries. According to the obtained results the hardness has a considerably larger impact on the fragmentation energy by hydraulic hammer than on the crushing energy in jaw crusher.
Cannabinoïdes et douleur Cannabinoids and pain

Mots-cles : Cannabis - Analgesie - Recepteur - Ligand - Physiopathologie - Pharmacologie - Clinique. ABSTRACT. Cannabinoids have been used to treat pain for many centuries, but for various reasons, both political and pharmacological, they were discontinued as medical agents in the early 20th century. During the last decade, rigorous scientific methods have been sup plied to deter- mine that animals and humans have an endogenous cannabinoid system. Spinal, supraspinal and peripheral sites of cannabinoid anal gesia have been identified and the discovery of endocannabinoids raised the question of their natural role to suppress nociceptive ne urotransmis- sion. Therefore, the discovery of specific peripheral cannabinoid receptors (CB 2) demonstrate the feasibility of using cannabinoid agonists devoid of psychotropic adverse effects. The therapeutic potential of cannabinoid remains an important topic for future investig ation, and complementary and rigorous clinical trials will have to be realized in order to prove the benefit of the cannabinoid agonists c ompared to usual analgesic treatments.
Basic Radar Altimetry Toolbox: Tools to use altimetry for geodesy

The Basic Radar Altimetry Toolbox is an "all-altimeter" collection of tools, tutorials and documents designed to facilitate the use of radar altimetry data, from most missions since 1991, for all applications. Basic Radar Altimetry Toolbox: Tools to use altimetry for geodesy V. Rosmorduc(1), vrosmorduc@cls.fr J. Benveniste(2), L. Breebaart(3), E. Bronner(4), S. Dinardo(5), D. Earith(6), B.M. Lucas(7), C. Maheu(6), S. Niejmeier(2), N. Picot(4)
A CLINICAL STUDY, DIAGNOSIS AND MANAGEMENT OF LIVER ABSCESS AT VIMS, BELLARY

OBJECTIVES: To analyses the clinical profile, diagnosis and management of liver abscesses. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A prospective study of 30 patients (28 male; 2 females; Age range of: 10-80 years (with a mean age of 43 years) with liver abscesses were studied for their clinical profiles diagnosis and management. The study was carried out from Jan. 2013 to May 2014. 7/30 (23.3%) patients were managed conservatively. 21/30 (70%) patients underwent percutaneous aspiration/pigtail catheter insertion. Laparotomy was done on 2/30 (6.7%) cases. RESULTS: Liver abscess most commonly occurs between 40-60 years. Males were affected more than females. Fever was the most consistently occurring symptom (96.7% of cases). Alcohol consumption was the single most important etiological factor for causation of liver abscess. Alkaline-phosphatase is the most consistently elevated, abnormal liver function test (76.6% of cases). Most liver abscess present as solitary lesions (70%) and most of them occur in right lobe (90). Mortality rate was 3.3%. INTRODUCTION: Liver abscess is a common condition in India. India has 2 nd highest incidence of liver abscess in the world. Liver abscesses are caused by bacterial, parasitic or fungi infection. Pyogenic abscesses account for three quarters of hepatic abscess in developed countries. While amoebic liver abscess cause two third of liver abscess in developing countries. 1 The World Health Organization reported that Entamoeba Histolytica causes approximately 50 million cases and 100,000 deaths annually. 2 In last few years there is a change in trend in etiology and treating these abscesses more conservatively and by less traumatic means compared to open surgical procedures. The primary mode of treatment of amoebic liver abscess is medical. However, as many as 15% of amoebic abscesses may be refractory to medical therapy. In such patients and in patients with pyogenic liver abscesses, surgical drainage has been the traditional mode of treatment. However operative drainage is associated with significant (10-47%) morbidity and mortality. In recent years imaging guided percutaneous drainage using catheters has been increasingly used to treat liver abscesses with reported success rates ranging from 70-100%. Also few studies have shown therapeutic needle aspiration to be a simpler and less costly mode of treatment, but needs repeated aspiration, with more failure rates. Though every abscesses should be treated on its individual merits, there is a need to define indications to adopt particular method of treatment so as to reduce morbidity, avoid mortality, make the treatment affordable and to achieve a highest cure rate. Through this study, it is aimed to develop management protocol for patients with liver abscess in our setting.
General Anesthesia Management for Carotid Endarterectomy Surgery

Carotid endarterectomy is a prophylactic operation and may be carried out under loco-regional or general anesthesia. In the current practice of carotid endarterectomy, anesthesiologists and surgeons usually choose the anesthesia technique they are most comfortable with. Local anesthesia has the advantage of direct neurological monitoring of the conscious patient. However, patients and surgeons may find ıt stressful. In contrast, when the patient is under general anesthesia, it may be more difficult to detect cerebral ischemia. A number of techniques and monitors are available to detect cerebral ischemia, but none is totally effective. In addition, patients presenting with carotid endarterectomy suffer from hypertension and are at significant risk of perioperative myocardial ischemia and infarction. Anesthesia should be conducted carefully with a view to hemodynamic stability. Direct arterial pressure, automated ST-segment analysis, and five-lead ECG monitoring should be used. Adequate cerebral perfusion must be maintained to minimize the risk of cerebral ischemia secondary to a reduction in cerebral perfusion after crossclamping. This requires normocapnia, adequate arterial oxygenation, and near-baseline mean arterial pressure. Indeed, the mean arterial pressure level may be 20% above the preoperative level. The anesthetist has an important role in controlling perioperative and postoperative risk in carotid endarterectomy. By careful attention to detail in all phases of the procedure, the anesthetist can make a significant contribution to a successful outcome. The principles of careful neurological and cardiovascular assessment need optimum conditions for cerebral perfusion and cardiovascular perfusion. (JAREM 2014; 2: 41-4)
Curved Planar Reconstruction of MR Images in Focal Cortical Dysplasia of the Brain

Purpose: To describe curved planar reconstruction imaging (CPRI) and determine its usefulness in the evaluation of focal cortical dysplasia of the brain. Materials and Methods: In 17 cases of focal cortical dysplasia [cortical dysplasia (n=9), schizencephaly (n=5), and heterotopia (n=3)], CPR images were created using a multiplanar reconstruction program and imaging data obtained during T1 magnetizationprepared rapid acquisition gradient-echo MR imaging. We assessed the precise configuration of abnormalities and their relation to adjacent gyri and sulci. Results: CPRI showed the brain cortex as a 2D panoramic image, demonstrating the precise configurations and locations of dysplasia-associated abnormalities and their relation to adjacent gyri and sulci, and the precise shape of the gray-white matter interface. Conclusion: CPRI can provide important radiological information about the extension and configuration of focal cortical dysplasia, and its relation to neighboring cortical structures. We believe that CPRI should form an essential part of the routine investigation of suspected cases of focal cortical dysplasia.
Preterm Labour: The prediction of preterm labour

Risk scoring Accurate prospective identification of a subgroup of pregnancies at increased risk of preterm labour and delivery permits the rational use of interventions aimed at prolonging gestation. Several epidemiological and obstetric associations are well recognised (Chapter 1) including low socioeconomic status, young age and primiparity, ethnic group and previous preterm delivery or mid-trimester loss (Lumley 1993). In an effort to provide a useful screening test for preterm delivery risk, several scoring systems have evolved that quantify a variety of epidemiological and pregnancy features, together with digital assessment of the cervix. By applying the scoring system described by Creasy et al . (1980) to a San Fransisco population, Holbrook et al . (1989) found that gestational age at delivery was inversely correlated with risk score. However, in this series in which 15.8% of women were classified as high risk, the positive predictive value (PPV) of a high score was only 22.8%. Other studies have also found risk scoring to perform poorly, particularly in primigravidae since there is no past obstetric performance upon which to assign risk. This is illustrated by the study of Mercer et al . (1996) who constructed a scoring system using over 100 clinical variables obtained at 23–24 weeks' gestation in nearly 3000 women. Women were considered to be at high risk if their risk for spontaneous preterm delivery was > 20%.
Abu Dhabi and Dubai: Economic development as in Arabian Nights?

The development of Abu Dhabi and Dubai during past years seems breathtaking. Both emirates pursue a strategy of diversifying their economic structure and thus of becoming less dependent on oil and gas. The obvious goal is to secure their prosperity for an era beyond oil. Diversification is a relevant strategic imperative for other resource-rich developing countries, too. In view of the current transformation processes in Arab countries the question whether differing strategies of the two emirates can pose a model for other countries becomes highly significant.
The clinical and financial burden of early dialysis after deceased donor kidney transplantation.

Background The economic implications of dialysis-requiring allograft dysfunction early after kidney transplantation are not well-described. Methods Data for Medicare-insured adult kidney transplant recipients in 1995-2004 who did not develop permanent graft failure in the first 90 days were drawn from the United States Renal Data System. We identified dialysis treatment records from Medicare claims and categorized patients according to frequency and duration of post-transplant dialysis as: first week (delayed graft function, DGF), second week, weeks 3 or 4, second month, or third month. Associations of dialysis requirements with Medicare payments for the transplant hospitalization and over the next three years were estimated with multivariable linear regression. Graft and patient survival according to early dialysis requirements were examined with multivariable survival analysis. Results Among 37,533 recipients, 15,314 (41%) experienced DGF and 3,184 (21% of those with DGF) received dialysis beyond the first week. Compared with no dialysis in the first 3 months, adjusted marginal first-year costs associated with early post-transplant dialysis ranged from $6,467 for dialysis requirement limited to first week to $27,606 for dialysis in multiple periods (p<0.0001). Patients who experienced DGF and received dialysis in >2 early periods were more than twice as likely to lose their grafts within 3 years as those without early dialysis requirements. Conclusions While dialysis in the first week post-transplant is an adverse risk marker, early dialysis in weeks 2 to 12 is associated with similarly adverse, if not worse, costs and clinical consequences. This observation supports a need for broader definition of DGF.
False Data Injection Attacks and Corresponding Countermeasure in DC Microgrid

In this paper, we consider a hierarchical control based DC microgrid (DCmG) equipped with unknown input observer (UIO) based detectors, and investigate false data injection (FDI) attacks against the secondary control layer. First, we point out that the fundamental limitation of the UIO-based detector comes from the unknown inputs, whose dynamics can be utilized to construct zero trace undetectable (ZTU) attacks causing zero impact on detection residuals. Furthermore, we extend ZTU attacks to nonzero trace undetectable (NTU) attacks by utilizing the system noise, under which the detection residuals are still bounded by certain detection thresholds. Then, by approximating primary control loops as unit gains, we theoretically analyze attack impacts of NTU attacks on voltage balancing and current sharing in the DCmG. Moreover, we propose a countermeasure against ZTU and NTU attacks by observing the average PCC voltage deviation. Finally, extensive simulations are conducted in Simulink/PLECS to validate theoretical results and effectiveness of the countermeasure.
Characterization of 
Sr2RuO4
 Josephson junctions made of epitaxial films

We have studied fundamental properties of weak-link Sr2RuO4/Sr2RuO4 Josephson junctions fabricated by making a narrow constriction on superconducting Sr2RuO4 films through laser micro-patterning. The junctions show a typical overdamped behavior with much higher critical current density, compared with those previously reported for bulk Sr2RuO4/s-wave superconductor junctions. Observed magnetic field and temperature dependences of the Josephson critical current suggest that the chiral p-wave is unlikely for the superconducting symmetry, encouraging further theoretical calculations of the Sr2RuO4/Sr2RuO4 type junctions.
Transparency in a periodic chain of quantum emitters strongly coupled to a waveguide

We demonstrate the emergence of transparent behavior in a chain of periodically spaced non-identical quantums emitters coupled to a waveguide, in the special case when the inter-atomic separation is a half-integral multiple of the resonant wavelength, i.e. $kL$ is an integral multiple of $\pi$, with $k$ being the spatial frequency and $L$ the spatial periodicity. When equal but opposite frequency detunings are assigned in pairs to a system of even number of atoms, perfect transmission ensues. When the chain size is odd, a similar assignment leads to the disappearance of collective effects as the odd atom determines the spectral behavior. We also manifest the robustness of these features against dissipative effects and show, how the spectral behavior hinges significantly on the relative detunings between the atoms as compared to the decay rate. A key distinction from the phenomenon of Electromagnetically Induced Transparency (EIT) is that in the waveguide case, the presence of an intrinsic waveguide mediated phase coupling between the atoms strongly affects the transport properties. Furthermore, while reciprocity in single-photon transport does not generally hold due to the phase coupling, we observe an interesting exception for $kL = n\pi$ at which the waveguide demonstrates reciprocal behavior with regard to both the transmission and reflection coefficients.
A reinterpretation of the cosmological vacuum

In this paper, we make a proposal for addressing the cosmological constant problem. Our approach will be based on a reinterpretation of two non-standard de Sitter solutions given by the Einstein vacuum equations with $\Lambda >0$. As a first result, we derive an uncertainty principle for both variants of the de Sitter space (Theorem). Subsequently, a decomposition of the cosmological constant in a pair of time-dependent pieces is introduced (Corollary). The time-dependence of the corresponding energy and dark energy density is discussed and especially matched at the Planck scale. Furthermore, we show that for every instant of cosmic time this approach can be revealed in terms of a Schwarzschild-Anti-de Sitter cosmology with $\Lambda>0$. The corresponding field equations are provided.
NuSTAR Perspective on High-redshift MeV Blazars

With bolometric luminosities exceeding 1048 erg s−1, powerful jets, and supermassive black holes at their center, MeV blazars are some of the most extreme sources in the universe. Recently, the Fermi-Large Area Telescope detected five new γ-ray emitting MeV blazars beyond redshift z = 3.1. With the goal of precisely characterizing the jet properties of these extreme sources, we started a multiwavelength campaign to follow them up with joint Nuclear Spectroscopic Telescope Array, Swift, and the Southeastern Association for Research in Astronomy’s optical telescopes. We observe six high-redshift quasars, four of them belonging to the new γ-ray emitting MeV blazars. Thorough X-ray analysis reveals spectral flattening at soft X-ray for three of these objects. The source NVSS J151002+570243 also shows a peculiar rehardening of the X-ray spectrum at energies E > 6 keV. Adopting a one-zone leptonic emission model, this combination of hard X-rays and γ-rays enables us to determine the location of the Inverse Compton peak and to accurately constrain the jet characteristics. In the context of the jet-accretion disk connection, we find that all six sources have jet powers exceeding accretion disk luminosity, seemingly validating this positive correlation even beyond z > 3. Our six sources are found to have black holes, further raising the space density of supermassive black holes in the redshift bin z = [3, 4].
A3: An Automatic Topology-Aware Malfunction Detection and Fixation System in Data Center Networks

Link failures and cable miswirings are not uncommon in building data center networks, which prevents the existing automatic address configuration methods from functioning correctly. However, accurately detecting such malfunctions is not an easy task because there could be no observable node degree changes. Fixing or correcting such malfunctions is even harder as almost no work can provide accurate fixation suggestions now. To solve the problems, we design and implement A3, an automatic topology-aware malfunction detection and fixation system. A3 innovatively formulates the problem of finding minimal fixation to the problem of computing minimum graph difference (NP-hard) and solves it in O(k^6) and O(k^3) for any less than k/2 and k/4 undirected link malfunctions for FatTree, respectively. Our evaluation demonstrates that for less than k/2 undirected link malfunctions, A3 is 100% accurate for malfunction detection and provides the minimum fixation result. For greater or equal to k/2 undirected link malfunctions, A3 still has accuracy of about 100% and provides the near optimal fixation result.
Glueballs as gravitons in holographic approaches

In this contribution we present a a phenomenological analysis of the scalar glueball and scalar meson spectra within AdS/QCD models in the bottom-up approach. In particular, we consider a Light-Front QCD framework which allows to relate the AdS/QCD mode functions to the hadronic wave-functions. Such a procedure is here adopted to analyse the mixing between scalar mesons and glueballs.