Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Anlisis de Seales Electroencefalogrficas para la Clasificacin de Habla Imaginada

El presente trabajo tiene como objetivo interpretar las senales de EEG registradas durante la pronunciacion imaginada de palabras de un vocabulario reducido, sin emitir sonidos ni articular movimientos (habla imaginada o no pronunciada) con la intencion de controlar un dispositivo. Especificamente, el vocabulario permitiria controlar el cursor de la computadora, y consta de las palabras del lenguaje espanol: "arriba", "abajo", "izquierda", "derecha", y "seleccionar". Para ello, se registraron las senales de EEG de 27 individuos utilizando un protocolo basico para saber a priori en que segmentos de la senal la persona imagina la pronunciacion de la palabra indicada. Posteriormente, se utiliza la transformada wavelet discreta (DWT) para extraer caracteristicas de los segmentos que son usados para calcular la energia relativa wavelet (RWE) en cada una de los niveles en los que la senal es descompuesta, y se selecciona un subconjunto de valores RWE provenientes de los rangos de frecuencia menores a 32 Hz. Enseguida, estas se concatenan en dos configuraciones distintas: 14 canales (completa) y 4 canales (los mas cercanos a las areas de Broca y Wernicke). Para ambas configuraciones se entrenan tres clasificadores: Naive Bayes (NB), Random Forest (RF) y Maquina de vectores de soporte (SVM). Los mejores porcentajes de exactitud se obtuvieron con RF cuyos promedios fueron 60.11% y 47.93% usando las configuraciones de 14 canales y 4 canales, respectivamente. A pesar de que los resultados aun son preliminares, estos estan arriba del 20%, es decir, arriba del azar para cinco clases. Con lo que se puede conjeturar que las senales de EEG podrian contener informacion que hace posible la clasificacion de las pronunciaciones imaginadas de las palabras del vocabulario reducido
Microwave-assisted Extraction of Ochratoxin A from Roasted Coffee Beans: An Alternative Analytical Approach

Microwave-assisted extraction (MAE) followed by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) with a fluorescent detector (DAD) was used and developed for the quantitative analysis of the mycotoxin ochratoxin A (OTA) in commercial roasted coffee beans. This alternative approach has been compared with the conventional extraction that uses hydrogen carbonate aqueous solution followed by OchraTest immunoaffinity analysis. The effect of two experimental tunable MAE parameters (temperature and pressure) on the extraction efficiency of OTA have been investigated using coffee samples fortified at different contamination levels. The optimum extraction conditions were obtained using a temperature of 50 °C and a 500 W microwave power. OTA quantity extracted using MAE was similar to that obtained by conventional extraction from samples fortified at 5, 10, and 100 ng g −1 levels. At a 20 ng g −1 level, MAE was more effective than the conventional method. The MAE setting parameters have been optimized showing both extraction time and solvent consumption have been considerably reduced, retaining high OTA recovery values.
Measurement and Control of Carrier-Envelope Phase in Femtosecond Ti:sapphire Laser

The emergence of few-cycle laser pulses induced enormous interests on the nonlinear phenomena, such as above-threshold ionization[1~3], high harmonic generation[4, 5] and isolated attosecond generation[6~13] etc. The state-of-the-art few-cycle laser generators, like Kerr-lens mode-locked Ti:sapphire lasers, have delivered directly from oscillator optical pulses with the duration of 5fs [14,15], which corresponds to less than two optical cycles in the near infrared wavelength range. At such short pulse duration, the peak electric field strength of the laser depends strongly on the relative phase between the carrier and the envelope of the pulse. This relative phase is the carrier-envelope phase (CEP). The CEP occurs in the ultrashort pulses, for longer pulses, in general it is not ignored because of the neglectable role. However, the CEP will become significant on the laser matter interaction for few-cycle pulses. It is obvious that the CEP plays an important role in physical processes stated above, especially in attosecond generation schemes, such as interaction between the inert gases and the few-cycle intense pulses [6, 7]and Fourier coherent synthesis among ultrashort lasers with different wavelength[16,17], controlling the CEP is always an important prerequisite. In fact, the CEP from pulse to pulse in a pulse train that emitted by a mode-locked femtosecond laser is different because of dispersion. The group and phase velocity will differ and cause CEP evolve rapidly when propagating through materials inside the cavity, such as Ti:sapphire crystal, coating mirrors and prisms etc. The pulse-to-pulse CEP change is the carrier-envelope phase offset (CEO). Up to now, several methods have been developed to measure and control the CEO of femtosecond laser pulses train in the frequency domain[18~26]. In this chapter, we will introduce two schemes for measuring the CEO frequency of pulses in femtosecond Ti:sapphire laser. The first and the most widely used technique is the self-reference method, also be termed the
Social Work With Affluent and Low-income Families: Attribution Theory

A study to assess attribution theory and the work done by social workers with wealthy and poor families was performed using two vignettes identical in information suggesting abuse, with one described as a wealthy family and the other a family living in poverty. Attribution theory suggests that humans label and assume certain traits to be true of different persons based on their status in our society. A person with a wealthy status may be viewed by their social worker as less likely to be abusive to their children because of their status, while a person living in poverty would be assumed to be more likely because of their status. So, it was hypothesized that social workers reading the wealthy vignette would note less of a concern about the observed potentially abusive situation in comparison with the responses given to the social workers reading about the same situation occurring in a family living in poverty. The vignettes were randomly distributed to 29 students and 14 professional social workers. Who were then asked to respond to the statements about the children in the family and the types of action the social worker should take, based on the suggested physical abuse in the vignettes. Findings do not show a statistically significant difference between responses given by social workers with the wealthy vignettes and social workers with the poor vignettes. However, differences in the mean responses of the wealthy and poor vignettes showed that the social workers who responded to the poor vignettes may have felt more urgency to follow up on the observed behavior because of potential abuse. This may be because of daily stressors that are typical of a family living in poverty. Parents living lives in poverty experience daily stressors and the emotions that accompany them may result in abusive or neglectful behavior. Although this may be true of poverty it does not always predict abuse and so social workers need to be aware of the influence of attribution theory on their work.
Do Firm Size Influence Financial Analyst Research Reports and Subsequent Stock Performance

This study investigates whether analysts issue more favorable research reports for small stocks than for large stocks. Small stocks tend not to attract investors due to their size, bad liquidity, easily manipulated price, insufficient information, and high-uncertainty risk. If analysts follow a small stock, it might be because the firm is thought to have good prospects. This study finds that analysts report more positively on small stocks, including in their stock recommendations and earnings growth forecasts. The empirical results show that small stocks perform better in the following year than do other stocks but that this is not the case for operating performance. This finding suggests that analysts are more likely to recommend under-valued stocks, but this may not imply that the operating performance of these stocks will improve the following year.
Exploring variation mechanisms in the automotive industry - A case study

Today car manufacturers are expected to deliver cars configured for each customer. Through software, and by adapting software product line methods, car manufactures respond to the increased customization needs. This emphasizes the need for careful variant handling. Thus, based on a problem definition from Volvo Cars this case study explores variation techniques to support massive numbers of built-to-order cars using AUTOSAR. In essence, this study argues that run-time variability, tested with a prototype development, is a way to meet this need. It establishes the publishersubscriber pattern as a viable run-time variation mechanism, and identifies limitations and areas to consider related to subscription management, real-time performance and data transparency within an automotive environment. Finally, this study also demonstrates how run-time variability enables manufacturers to better support after-market services and enable 3rd party integration.
The Effects of Vitamin D Supplementation to Peak-producing Hens Fed Diets Differing in Fat Source and Level on Laying Performance, Metabolic Profile, and Egg Quality

This experiment was designed to examine the effects of supplemental vitamin D on laying performance, metabolic profile and egg quality of hens fed diets containing different fat sources and levels. Lohman strains (n = 480) were assigned to one of 10 diets: basal diet (BD), BD plus 2.5 and 5.0% sunflower oil (SO) or tallow (T) at vitamin D provided 1× and 3x of the current recommendation. The experiment lasted from week 30 to 44 of age. Each diet was tested in 12 replicate cages of 4 hens. Production, metabolism, and egg quality data were subjected to three-way ANOVA. Both fats decreased feed intake (FI) as compared to BD. Increasing SO and T levels linearly decreased and quadratically increased FI, respectively. The dietary factors did not affect egg production (EP) and egg weight. Vitamin D supplementation increased and decreased EP when diets contained SO and T, respectively. Feed conversion efficiency (FCE) for hens fed SO was lower than for hens fed T. However, increasing T level improved FCE, whereas increasing SO level worsened FCR. Vitamin D supplementation increased serum vitamin D and glucose concentrations. Vitamin D supplementation also caused a decrease and an increase in serum vitamin D concentration when diets contained SO and T, respectively. Serum glucose concentration for hens fed SO was lower than hens fed T. Increasing fat level linearly increased serum triglyceride and VLDL concentrations, regardless of the fat type. Increasing SO level linearly decreased serum cholesterol concentration. Vitamin D supplementation did not alter lipid metabolites. The dietary factors did not affect serum total protein, Ca, and P concentrations. As compared with BD, feeding SO decreased dry tibia and ash weights more than feeding T. Vitamin D supplementation tended to increase dry tibia weight and decrease tibia ash weight. Eggshell strength and thickness, yolk and albumen indexes, and Haugh unit were not responsive to the dietary factors. Eggshell strength quadratically increased with increasing T level. Yolk color for hens fed SO was lower than for hens fed T. The dietary factors did not affect most of yolk fatty acids. Increasing SO level quadratically decreased yolk C 18:2 concentration. Vitamin D supplementation increased and decreased yolk C 18:2 concentration when diets contained SO and T, respectively. In conclusion, increasing fat level improved laying performance without altering metabolic profile and egg quality. Vitamin D supplementation had minor alteration effects on laying performance, metabolic profile, and egg quality in response to fat feeding.
THE ECONOMIC RECESSION AND MENTAL HEALTH: ANALYSIS OF THE PORTUGUESE SITUATION

Recently, some European countries (e.g., Greece, Ireland, and Portugal) suffered an economic recession, mainly due to problems in the banking system and high sovereign debt. Economic stressors, such as economic hardship, financial threat, and financial well-being may contribute negatively to individuals' psychological health, potentiating the appearance of negative psychological outcomes. The objective of the current research was to analyze the impact of economic stressors (i.e., economic hardship, financial threat, and financial well-being) on mental health indicators (i.e., stress, anxiety, and depression). Data from a sample of 729 Portuguese participants was collected, 482 (66.1%) women and 247 (33.9%) men, with an average age of, approximately, 37 years old (M=36.99; SD=12.81). Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) was used to examine the relationship between the economic stress and psychological health variables. The obtained results demonstrated a model with economic hardship and financial threat as significant predictors of stress, anxiety, and depression, while financial well-being was a significant predictor of anxiety and depression. Some implications of these results are discussed. Key-words: Anxiety, depression, economic stressors, mental health, stress
IODINATED HYDROGEL MICROPARTICLES AS X-RAY COMPUTED TOMOGRAPHY CONTRAST AGENTS

This paper reports a novel method of fabricating iodinated hydrogel microparticles for use as contrast agents for X-ray computed tomography (CT) imaging. Compared with the most common clinically available CT contrast agents, typically in the form of water soluble organic iodine compounds, as well as recently developed CT contrast agents including gold or tantalum oxide nanoparticles, the top-down approach presented herein yields an engineering flexibility to the design of CT contrast agents with different shapes, sizes and composition. From the preliminary experimental results, the fabrication approach affords the flexibility to generate next-generation CT contrast agents with the potential for myriad clinical applications.
Motives for Partial Acquisition: Evidence from the Effects of CEO Change on the Performance of Partially Acquired U.S. Target Firms

A company may acquire shares in another corporation to discipline the target management and improve target performance, or to gain inter corporate perquisites such as higher dividends and favorable business deals to the detriment of the other shareholders of the target firm. We investigate the change in the post-acquisition share and operating performance, the dividend policy, the liquidity, and growth prospects of U.S. firms whose shares were partially acquired by other corporations during 1995 2000, wherein the target firms remained independent publicly traded companies following the acquisition. Using a change in CEO post acquisition as a proxy for the extent to which the acquirer wishes to change the direction of the target management, we find that target firms where the CEO was retained show negative risk adjusted abnormal share returns and significant deterioration in operating performance after the acquisition while having a substantial increase in CEO compensation compared to those target firms that replace their CEO during the post acquisition period. This suggests that disciplinary motives may predominate where the acquisition leads to a change in CEO, while obtaining inter corporate perquisites may be the motivation in acquisitions that do not lead to replacement of the target firm CEO. We do not find support for financial perquisites such as higher dividends that are subject to inter-corporate exclusion.
Conditions for Captive Insurer Value: A Monte Carlo Simulation

We construct two potential scenarios to depict the cash flows from the operation of a captive insurer. We then use Monte Carlo simulation to identify conditions that are sustainable in practice and under which captives have a high probability of creating positive shareholder value. We use realistic value ranges for both a class 1 Bermuda captive and a British Virgin Islands (BVI) general captive. On average, captives have a low probability of generating shareholder value. This outcome is consistent with much of the literature regarding captives. Well-managed captives, however, have an extremely high probability of generating value for their shareholders—even without favorable tax treatment. A well-managed captive is incorporated in the least costly captive jurisdiction during a soft insurance market, but remains dormant until a hard insurance market. The parent self-manages the captive’s operations and uses non-cash assets to satisfy the captive’s regulatory capital requirements while dormant; the captive calls for little reinsurance. Captives of parents with low systematic risk have the highest probability of generating shareholder value even when the captive invests conservatively.
Nitrate-Nitrogen Leaching from Onion Bed under Furrow and Drip Irrigation Systems

Water is a limited resource for crop production in arid areas of Southern New Mexico. The objectives of this study were to estimate the amount and depth of water and nitrate-nitrogen (NO3-N) fronts, water and NO3-N balances, and irrigation efficiencies for two onion (Allium cepa L.) fields under furrow and drip irrigation systems. Monthly soil samples were analyzed for NO3-N and chloride concentration for two onion growing seasons starting September 2006 to August 2009. The average amount of NO3-N in the soil water estimated by chloride tracer technique varied from 97.4 to 105.2 mg L-1 for furrow and 65.2 to 66.8 mg L-1 for drip-irrigated fields for the 60- to 200-cm depth. The NO3-N loadings below the rooting zone ranged from 145 to 150 kg ha-1 for furrow- and 76 to 79 kg ha-1 for drip-irrigated fields. The irrigation efficiencies varied from 78 to 80% for furrow- and 83% for drip- and N application efficiencies (NAEs) were 35 to 36% for furrow- and 38 to 39% for drip-irrigated fields. Small N fertilizer applications, delayed until onion bulbing starts, and water applications, preferably through drip irrigation, are recommended to reduce deep percolation and increase nitrogen and water efficiencies.
Gapless topological Fulde-Ferrell superfluidity induced by an in-plane Zeeman field

Topological superfluids are recently discovered quantum matters that host topologically protected gapless edge states known as Majorana fermions - exotic quantum particles that act as their own anti-particles and obey non-Abelian statistics. Their realizations are believed to lie at the heart of future technologies such as fault-tolerant quantum computation. To date, the most efficient scheme to create topological superfluids and Majorana fermions is based on the Sau-Lutchyn-Tewari-Das Sarma model with a Rashba-type spin-orbit coupling on the }\textbf{\textit{x-y}}\textbf{ plane and a large out-of-plane (perpendicular) Zeeman field along the }\textbf{\textit{z}}\textbf{-direction. Here we propose an alternative setup, where the topological superfluid phase is driven by applying an in-plane Zeeman field. This scheme offers a number of new features, notably Cooper pairings at finite centre-of-mass momentum (i.e., Fulde-Ferrell pairing) and gapless excitations in the bulk. As a result, a novel gapless topological quantum matter with inhomogeneous pairing order parameter appears. It features unidirected Majorana surface states at boundaries, which propagate in the same direction and connect two Weyl nodes in the bulk. We demonstrate the emergence of such an exotic topological matter and the associated Majorana fermions in spin-orbit coupled atomic Fermi gases and determine its parameter space. The implementation of our scheme in semiconductor/superconductor heterostructures is briefly discussed.
Characteristics of Acoustic Emission Signals in the Rolling Bearing on Giant Wheel

Rolling Bearing is one of the most important parts in the giant wheel. If it fails, a large accident will be caused. Therefore, condition monitoring and fault diagnostics of rolling bearing are very important methods for its safety. Due to the rolling bearings in the main spindle of giant wheel is difficult to be disassembled, one simulation device was designed and manufactured in the laboratory. The acoustic emission technique was used to monitor the changes of the device’s condition during the simulated testing. Also, the artificial defect of the inner ring was manufactured in the rolling bearing of the device. This paper mainly discussed and analyzed the signals’ changing rule and characteristics of the AE signals, including AE parameter distribution and wave spectrum characteristics. These characteristics may be the help for the AE technology using in the condition monitoring of the rolling bearing on giant wheel.
Dynamic Analysis of Porous Media Considering Unequal Phase Discretization by Meshless Local Petrov-Galerkin Formulations

In this work, meshless methods based on the local Petrov-Galerkin approach are employed for the time-domain dynamic analysis of porous media. For the spatial discretization of the pore-dynamic model, MLPG formulations adopting Gaussian weight functions as test functions are considered, as well as the moving least square method is used to approximate the incognita fields. For time discretization, the generalized Newmark method is adopted. The present work is based on the u-p formulation and the incognita fields of the coupled analysis in focus are the solid skeleton displacements and the interstitial fluid pore pressures. Independent spatial discretization is considered for each phase of the model, rendering a more flexible, efficient and robust methodology. At the end of the paper, numerical applications illustrate the accuracy and potentialities of the proposed techniques.
An Optimal Sample-Data holds by using a Bi-Objective criterion: Trade off between the Phase Delay and the Stability Robustness

In this paper an optimal data-holding scheme is introduced which compensates the undesirable effects of ZOH. This effect will be improved by using a simple optimal filter, therefore the optimal data-holding scheme is consist of a standard ZOH and a filter. For designing this optimal filter two type cost functions or performance measures are defined in which phase delay or robust stability are considered. In this paper, firstly an optimal filter for minimizing these two cost function will be introduced which its coefficients is optimized by using the Imperialist Competitive Algorithm (ICA) method. Secondly a bi-objective cost function is presented in which both the phase delay and robust stability are considered and then the optimal filter will be designed for minimizing this new cost function. The Simulation and Exprimental results show that efficiency of the proposed optimal filter or proposed data-holding scheme is more than that of the previous optimal filters in each cost function.
A fault resilience tool for embedded real-time systems

A simulation-based approach to measuring the faultresilience of real-time systems is presented. Simulation is used to favor generality, comparability and make it possible to study the system taking into consideration its overall behavior instead of dealing only with worst-case scenarios. Tasks can be analyzed individually, which may be useful when they have different levels of criticality. The simulation procedure is efficient since only randomly generated parts of the schedule are simulated. We show that results collected from simulation can then be statistically analyzed for different scheduling models so that one can infer the overall fault resilience for the system.