Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Potential Use of Cyclodextrins for the Improvement of Ocular Bioavailability of Meloxicam

Meloxicam (MX) is a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug. Also, it is a more distinct COX-2 inhibitor than diclofenac with less secondary effects. Yet, its usage for the treatment of ophthalmic inflammations has retarded due to its low aqueous solubility and dissolution rate. The aim of this study was to prepare the inclusion complexes of MX with cyclodextrins to enhance its aqueous solubility, dissolution rate, and ocular bioavailability. Formulation of those complexes into different ocular delivery systems and also in-vitro and invivo assessments has not been accomplished in the earlier attempts. In this study, MX was complexed with each of hydroxyl propyl-β-cyclodextrin (HP-β-CyD) and β-cyclodextrin (β-CyD) utilizing kneading, co-evaporation, and freeze drying techniques. Moreover, the prepared complexes were discriminated in the solid state by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), and powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD). These complexes were incorporated into eye drops, eye gels, and ocuserts using hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC), sodium carboxy methylcellulose (Sod. CMC), carbopol 940 (CP940), and sodium alginate (Sod. ALG). These formulae were characterized on the subject of drug content, pH, viscosity, in-vitro release characteristics. Kinetic analysis of the release data was done. Real inclusion complexes were obtained with co-evaporation method that confirmed by DSC investigations. The MX release was enhanced by complexation especially with HP-β-CyD. Ocular bioavailability of meloxicam from the selected formulations was investigated. In-vivo study proved that, ocuserts containing MX-HP-CyD complexes showed pronounced ocular bioavailability than MX alone which indicated by higher AUC, Cmax and relative bioavailability values.
Policy implications of scaling low-power wide-area networks over white spaces

Low-power wide-area networks (LPWAN) have the potential to revolutionize the Internet of Things by providing a reliable and low-cost solution for communication between embedded devices. However, the lack of currently available wireless spectrum increases interference and limits the capacity of these networks to scale. To address this limitation, I propose the integration of unused white space spectrum to boost the bandwidth and capabilities of LPWAN. Additionally, I discuss the policy implications and technical challenges of scaling LPWAN across the United States, designing mechanisms for bottom-up coordination of contributors.
A Model for Statistical Regularity Extraction from Dynamic Sounds

Summary To understand our surroundings, we effortlessly parse our sound environment into sound sources, extracting invariant information—or regularities—over time to build an internal representation of the world around us. Previous experimental work has shown the brain is sensitive to many types of regularities in sound, but theoretical models that capture underlying principles of regularity tracking across diverse sequence structures have been few and far between. Existing efforts often focus on sound patterns rather the stochastic nature of sequences. In the current study, we employ a perceptual model for regularity extraction based on a Bayesian framework that posits the brain collects statistical information over time. We show this model can be used to simulate various results from the literature with stimuli exhibiting a wide range of predictability. This model can provide a useful tool for both interpreting existing experimental results under a unified model and providing predictions for new ones using more complex stimuli.
Power from marine currents

Abstract This paper describes the rationale and the engineering approach adopted for the development of technology for converting the kinetic energy in marine currents for large-scale electricity generation. Although the basic principles involved are relatively straightforward and well understood, being similar to those of a wind turbine, a practical and cost-effective large-scale system designed to extract the kinetic energy of flowing water has yet to be developed. This paper describes the research and development being undertaken through an industrial consortium with the aim of achieving this goal for the first time, i.e. to achieve the world's first commercially viable systems for delivering power from marine currents.
Zinc oxide nano-crystals assisted for carbon dioxide gas sensing; prepared by solvothermal and sonochemical methods

ZnO nanostructures of different methods and sizes were grown in a controlled manner using a simple hydrothermal and sonochemical technique. Controlling the content of concentration and temperature of the reaction mixture, spherical nanoparticles ZnO structures could be synthesized at temperatures 100-150 °C with excellent reproducibility in solvothermal and at different power and time in sonochemical methods. These ZnO nanostructures have been tested for CO2 gas monitoring by depositing them as thick films on an inter-digitated alumina substrate and evaluating the surface resistance of the deposited layer as a function of operating temperature and CO2 concentrations. The gas sensitivity tests have demonstrated that the ZnO nanostructures, spherical morphology, exhibit high sensitivity to CO2 proving their applicability in gas sensors. The role of the nanostructure on the sensing properties of ZnO is also discussed.
A proof of the Biswas–Mitra–Bhattacharyya conjecture for the ideal quantum gas trapped under the generic power law potential U=∑i=1dci|xiai|ni ?> in d dimensions

The well known relation for the ideal classical gas Δϵ2=kT2CV ? >, which does not remain valid for quantum systems, is revisited. A new connection is established between the energy fluctuation and specific heat for quantum gases, which is valid in both the classical limit and the degenerate quantum regime. Most importantly, the proposed Biswas–Mitra–Bhattacharyya conjecture (Biswas et al 2015 J. Stat. Mech. P03013) relating the hump in energy fluctuation and the discontinuity of specific heat is essentially proved and made precise in this manuscript.
Electromagnetic counterparts of supermassive black hole binaries resolved by pulsar timing arrays

Pulsar timing arrays (PTAs) are expected to detect gravitational waves (GWs) from individual low-redshift (z≲ 1.5) compact supermassive (M≳ 109 M⊙) black hole (SMBH) binaries with orbital periods of ∼0.1–10 yr. Identifying the electromagnetic (EM) counterparts of these sources would provide confirmation of putative direct detections of GWs, present a rare opportunity to study the environments of compact SMBH binaries and could enable the use of these sources as standard sirens for cosmology. Here we consider the feasibility of such an EM identification. We show that because the host galaxies of resolved PTA sources are expected to be exceptionally massive and rare, it should be possible to find unique hosts of resolved sources out to z≈ 0.2. At higher redshifts, the PTA error boxes are larger, and may contain as many as ∼100 massive-galaxy interlopers. The number of candidates, however, remains tractable for follow-up searches in upcoming wide-field EM surveys. We develop a toy model to characterize the dynamics and the thermal emission from a geometrically thin gaseous disc accreting on to a PTA-source SMBH binary. Our model predicts that at optical and infrared frequencies, the source should appear similar to a typical luminous active galactic nucleus (AGN). However, owing to the evacuation of the accretion flow by the binary’s tidal torques, the source might have an unusually low soft X-ray luminosity and weak ultraviolet (UV) and broad optical emission lines, as compared to an AGN powered by a single SMBH with the same total mass. For sources at z∼ 1, the decrement in the rest-frame UV should be observable as an extremely red optical colour. These properties would make the PTA sources stand out among optically luminous AGN, and could allow their unique identification. Our results also suggest that accreting compact SMBH binaries may be included among the observed population of optically bright, X-ray-dim AGN.
Static Fault Model of the 1983

A fault model of the 1983 Nihonkai-chubu (Japan Sea) earthquake (MJMA 7.7) was investigated on the basis of aftershock distributions, crustal deformation, and tsunami data. Since the earthquake took place under the sea off the coast of northwestern Tohoku District, there are a few land observation of crustal movement near the source area. We, therefore, have estimated the static fault parameters by comparing the wave form of observed tsunami with that of calculated from the static fault model. Trial fault parameters were derived from seismic data: focal mechanism solutions, seismic moment, and aftershock distributions with reference to the rupture process of the main shock. Our model was characterized by three fault planes trending NNE-SSW in the southern and the middle parts and NNW-SSE in the northern part, and by their low dip angle of 25•K. The tsunami wave form was simulated numerically by a finite difference method. The fault model derived from seismic data reasonably explains the geodetic data and tsunamis. The calculated vertical deformation of land was consistent with the observed subsidence of 30-40 cm at Kyuroku island situated near the source area, and those of a few centimeters at Oga peninsula and Fukaura. The tsunami wave form observed at tide-gage stations along the coast of the Japan Sea was well simulated by our model as well as the model with higher dip angle. The data of strain step observed by extenso meters installed in northern Japan support the low angle thrust event.
Effects of reed beds management on the hydrodynamic behaviour of vegetated open channels

This work presents the results of experimental activities carried out during a 3-years research program, to assess the effects of infesting reed beds on the mean and turbulent hydrodynamic features of vegetated reclamation channels at field scale. The devices and methodologies employed in the experiments represent an innovation in the study of vegetative flow resistance directly at field. Different management scenarios of the vegetated cover were evaluated, with the aim to assess the optimal strategy for balancing the need for an effective hydraulic conveyance and the need to preserve the environmental quality of the vegetated water bodies.
Recent rapid thinning of the “Mer de Glace” glacier derived from satellite optical images

The rapid wastage of mountain glaciers and their contribution to sea level rise require worldwide monitoring of their mass balance. In this paper, we show that changes in glacier thickness can be accurately measured from satellite images. We use SPOT image pairs to build Digital Elevation Models (DEMs) of the Mont Blanc area (French Alps) for different years. To register the DEMs, we adjust their longitude, latitude and altitude over motionless areas. The uncertainty of the thickness change measurement is greatly reduced by averaging over areas covering altitude intervals of 50 m. Comparisons with topographic profiles and a differential DEM from aerial photographs obtained on the Mer de Glace indicate an overall accuracy of 1 m for the thickness change measurement. Below 2100 m, satellite DEMs show an evolution of the thinning rate from 1 ± 0.4 m.a−1 (years 1979–1994) to 4.1 ± 1.7 m.a−1 (2000–2003).
The Relative Influence of Storm and Landscape Characteristics on Shallow Groundwater Responses in Forested Headwater Catchments

Shallow groundwater responses to rainfall in forested headwaters can be highly variable, but their relative strengths of influences remain poorly understood. We investigated the roles of storms and landscape characteristics on short‐term, shallow groundwater responses to rainfall in forested headwater catchments. We used field observations of shallow groundwater combined with random forest modeling to identify the factors that affect shallow groundwater responses and the relative influences of key response drivers. We found that the rainfall thresholds required for groundwater responses were only met by the largest quartile of events, suggesting that most events contributed to unsaturated soil storage or were lost to evaporation. Significantly higher rainfall thresholds and longer response times for south facing catchments as opposed to north facing catchments highlighted the role of insolation in setting antecedent conditions that influenced the groundwater response. During storms, there were significantly larger increases in water table height in catchments dominated by coniferous forests compared to deciduous forests, indicating that local spatial characteristics of hillslopes could be more important factors for groundwater response than catchment wetness. The random‐forest analysis revealed that total rainfall amount had the greatest influence on most groundwater responses, but the relative influence of topography and local antecedent wetness was more pronounced as events progressed, indicating a shift in hydrological processes during different stages of the groundwater response. These results have implications for our understanding of runoff generation processes, including processes that determine hydrologic connectivity between stream and hillslopes.
Price-Band Stabilization Programs And Risk: An Application To The U.S. Corn Market

The impacts of introducing a partial price stabilization scheme in the U.S. corn market are investigated by using a modified version of the bounded price variation model. Specifically, a model is developed and estimated that includes rational expectations of the first three central moments of the (truncated) equilibrium price distribution. The estimated model is used to stimulate market equilibrium effects of introducing upper and lower price limits through a tax-subsidy scheme. The results show that corn producers are downside risk averse, and that market feedback effects of price stabilization can, at times, be more important than direct effects.
Yield and Profitability Analysis of Pulse and Oil Seed Based Cropping Patterns against Aman- Boro- Fallow Cropping Systems in Magura

Background: Bangladesh is one of the densely populated countries in the world. To meet up the increasing food demand there’s no alternative to increase the cropping intensity through high yielding and short duration crop varieties. Currently, cropping system of Bangladesh is mostly rice based which is also the staple food. Therefore, farmers which follow rice-rice based cropping patterns are gaining less profit day by day. Contrary, intensive rice culture is depleting soil properties gradually. Thus, to preserve soil health and increase profit pulse and oil seed based cropping patterns are crucial for sustaining a cropping pattern. This study was undertaken to find out a cropping pattern with higher yield and profit in the context of Magura district.Methods: Five cropping patterns, CP1 = Transplanted Aman rice (cv. Binadhan-7)- Mustard (cv. Binasarisha-9)- Boro rice (cv. Binadhan-14); CP2 = T.Aman (cv. Binadhan-16)-Mustard (cv. Binasarisha-10)- Boro (cv. Binadhan-14); CP3 = T.Aman (cv. Binadhan-17) -Mustard (cv. Binasarisha-10)- Boro (cv. Binadhan-14); CP4 = T.Aman (cv. Binadhan-17)- Lentil (cv. Binamasur-8)- Sesame (cv. Binatil-3) and CP5 (Control) - Aman (cv. Shorna) – Boro (cv. Heera) - fallow were assessed to identify the most suitable and profitable pattern as well as to enhance the cropping intensity by adding a pulse or oil seed crop between two rice crops. The investigation was conducted at farmer’s field of Magura during 2018-19. Block farming method was followed for experiment set up. Result: It was revealed that, maximum rice equivalent yield (REY) was obtained from CP1 (14.46 t/ha) followed by CP4 (13.52 t/ha), CP3 (13.35 t/ha), CP2 (13.09 t/ha) and CP5 (11.33 t/ha) during one year crop cycle. Highest gross margin (Tk. 1,90,189) and MBCR (1.83) was obtained from the cropping pattern CP4 and the lowest gross margin (Tk. 69,271) and MBCR (1.24) was found with the pattern CP5. Based on the above results it can be suggested that, Aman rice-Lentil-Sesame pattern i.e. CP4 may be a best choice for the farmers of Magura region for the maximum utilization of their land and gaining more profit compared to the other studied cropping patterns.
Visitors’ Gaze on the Local Living Culture of a Historical District: its Perceptual and Behavioral Aspects

A historical district as a tourism destination encompasses various aspects, including ones as heritage, as an attraction for visitors, and as a living place for the locals. For investigations of visitors’ gaze on aspects that depict lives of the locals in such a district, this study aims to present some of the theoretical backgrounds and the outlines of the potential methods. This study, which is the first step of a long-term investigation, discusses the nature of the local living culture of a historical district and proposes the use of techniques to obtain verbal responses related to visitors’ perceptions, to capture objects of their focus as projected in photographs, and to record the traits of their behaviors. The difference in visitors’ levels of previous visits is also considered as a variable that may affect their perceptions of the local living culture and the manners in which they interact with it.
A Kinetic Study of CO 2 Adsorption in Cellulose Acetate Membranes

In this research, the CO2 adsorption study on glassy pure and modified Cellulose Acetate(ca) polymer is conducted to explore, either “dual mode sorption model” of glassy polymers can be supported by pure and modified ca membranes or not. These membranes were fabricated and characterised by SEM and FTIR analysis techniques. According to results, the CO2 gas was adsorbed by both membranes and adsorption capacity reached the maximum at different pressures. The experimental results were calculated and validated by pseudo first order, pseudo second order and intra-particle diffusion models. According to correlation factor R2, the Pseudo second order model was fitted well with experimental data. The experimental and calculated data has confirmed the dual mode sorption model of CO2 capture in dense pure and modified ca membranes.
Quantum phase transition from triangular to stripe charge order in NbSe[subscript 2]

The competition between proximate electronic phases produces a complex phenomenology in strongly correlated systems. In particular, ﬂ uctuations associated with periodic charge or spin modula-tions, known as density waves, may lead to exotic superconductivity in several correlated materials. However, density waves have been dif ﬁ cult to isolate in the presence of chemical disorder, and the suspected causal link between competing density wave orders and high-temperature superconductivity is not understood. Here we used scanning tunneling microscopy to image a previously unknown unidirectional (stripe) charge-density wave (CDW) smoothly interfacing with the familiar tridirectional (triangular) CDW on the surface of the stoichiometric superconductor NbSe 2 . Our low-temperature measurements rule out thermal ﬂ uctuations and point to local strain as the tuning parameter for this quantum phase transition. We use this quantum interface to resolve two longstanding debates about the anomalous spectroscopic gap and the role of Fermi surface nesting in the CDW phase of NbSe 2 . Our results highlight the importance of local strain in governing phase transitions and competing phenomena, and suggest a promising direction of inquiry for resolving similarly longstanding debates in cuprate superconductors and other strongly correlated materials.
Intellectual Capital Disclosure in Indonesia Ni Ketut Kartika

Technological developments that occur in the knowledge-based era force companies to no longer depend on tangible assets such as land, buildings, and property, but also intangible assets such as knowledge and information technology. Several companies in Indonesia have implemented the use of intellectual assets owned, this is indicated by the increasing number of companies that use the basis of technology and knowledge in carrying out their activities and then report on the use of intellectual assets to stakeholders. This is in accordance with resource based theory (RBT) which states that if the company owns and manages resources efficiently and effectively, the company will have good financial performance and have an impact on firm value that also increases. The research objective is to prove empirically the effect of intellectual capital disclosure on firm value with profitability as an intervening variable. The population used is companies in the financial, telecommunications and pharmaceutical industry groups listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange in 2012-2017. The method of determining the sample is purposive sampling, obtained by 43 companies. Data were analyzed by path analysis. The results of the analysis show that the higher disclosure of the company's intellectual capital causes profitability to decline. The higher the company's ability to generate profits causes firm value tends to increase. The higher disclosure of the company's intellectual capital causes the market to appreciate with increasing market value. And the higher the disclosure of intellectual capital causes profitability as short-term performance decreases but causes firm value as a long-term performance tends to increase.
Functional Analysis of Chalcone Synthase (Chs) Gene in Indian Wheat Cultivars in Response to Peg-Induced Drought Stress

CHS plays an important role as it is the first committed enzyme in the flavonoid pathway. It is responsible for the biosynthesis of various types of metabolites in different plant parts. CHS becomes activated only under specific environmental factors. Stressed conditions are an important factor for the onset of CHS transcription. Induced activity of CHS was reported under UV-light in parsley cell cultures (Schroder and Schaafer, 1980). Chalcone synthase (CHS) is the mother enzyme which steps in the flavonoid pathway and further produce flavonoids, isoflavanoid-type phytoalexins and other metabolites to prevent plants against stress. CHS gene expression is induced in plants under abiotic and biotic stress conditions. CHS elaborates phenylpropanoid pathway International Journal of Current Microbiology and Applied Sciences ISSN: 2319-7706 Volume 9 Number 10 (2020) Journal homepage: http://www.ijcmas. com