Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Review and Enlightenment of Financial Restatement

With the increasing development of capital markets, the quality of information of listed companies face higher requirements, the increasingly frequent and prevalent financial restatement has aroused widespread concern in the academic community. This paper reviews and summarizes the research of financial restatement from the aspects of motivation, company characteristics and economic consequences. It gives a brief evaluation of the domestic and foreign literatures, in order to provide useful reference for the further improvement of China's financial restatement system. Keywords—financial restatement; motivation; company characteristics; economic consequences
Enhanced Control of DFIG Wind Turbine Based on Stator Flux Decay Compensation

For the doubly fed induction generator (DFIG)-based wind energy conversion system, the decaying flux and negative flux are the main reasons to cause the DFIG rotor overcurrent, during grid faults. The stator decaying flux characteristics versus the depth and instant of the stator voltage variation are analyzed first. On the basis of the stator flux performances, the enhanced control strategy is proposed to limit the decaying flux approximately into zero in half fundamental period by changing the stator voltage drop and recovery mode, and consequently the rotor transient current pulse is significantly reduced during grid faults. The experimental results based on the 7.5 kW DFIG setup are carried to validate the correctness and feasibility of the proposed strategy. Dynamic voltage restorer (DVR) can be one of the applications. With the proposed strategy, the DVR only works in a half fundamental period and its output voltage amplitude is half of the stator voltage variation, during the grid voltage drop and recovery, respectively. As a consequence, the DVR can be rated for lower power saving cost. The simulation results based on MATLAB/Simulink using a 2 MW DFIG and the experimental results based on the 7.5 kW DFIG validate the effectiveness and feasibility of the DVR-based low-voltage ride through strategy.
Numerical analysis of scattering from a general bi-isotropic cylindrical shell with an interior metal coating

This paper investigates the frequency-selective scattering properties of a general bi-isotropic cylindrical shell with an interior metal coating. Either a nonreciprocally Tellegen medium or a reciprocally chiral one is considered as the general bi-isotropic cylindrical shell. To address this scattering problem, a state-equation based theoretical model is developed. A finite-difference algorithm is employed for solving this model. On the basis of this model, the numerical results of monostatic and bistatic echo widths obtained are used to discuss frequency-selective properties in both the TM and TE cases
Improving Organisational Performance with Balanced Scorecard in Humanitarian Logistics: A Proposal for Key Performance Indicators

Thousands of people have been affected by major disasters in countries across the world over the last decades. Many governmental and non-governmental organizations participated in aid actions just after disasters. But, they could not prevent inabilities in taking action due to the magnitude of the disaster. Humanitarian aid organizations, like the others, should identify their targets and its priorities with selecting key performance measurements. Humanitarian logistics may use indicators based on both physical and non-physical dimensions. In this study, Balanced Scorecard approach is recommended as a suitable performance management system to develop and improve in managing of humanitarian aid logistics. This conceptual study contributes literature by proposing key performance indicators (KPI) for humanitarian logistics.
Modeling and Control of a Cascaded Doubly Fed Induction Generator Dedicated to Isolated Grids

This paper deals with the control of an autonomous cascaded doubly fed induction generator (CDFIG) operating in a variable speed constant frequency (VSCF) mode. The proposed structure is a full stand-alone generating system dedicated to isolated grids for embedded systems such as aircraft or small-scale renewable-energy systems such as microhydropower generators. Compared to a traditional VSCF system based on a single DFIG, CDFIG allows suppressing brushes, leading to an easier maintenance. However, the main difficulty when working with such a structure is its inherent complexity. The major issue is to synthesize an efficient global-control strategy for these two strongly connected machines. To overcome this problem, a modeling methodology based on dynamical equivalent circuits is given in this paper for the design of the CDFIG controller. Presented simulations and experimental results validate the proposed design approach.
Maintaining a way of life: trials and tribulations of farmers’ market families

Never before in our nation’s history has there been so many ways for consumers to purchase food. From grocery stores, to super centers such as Wal-Mart and Costco, convenience stores, online purchases, community supported agriculture (CSA), and farmers’ markets, Americans have a multitude of venues to choose from. Although many Americans currently purchase their foods from grocery stores, a growing number of them are buying locally at their farmers’ markets and from CSAs. As the sustainability movement takes a greater foothold in the American household, local products and local foods are becoming ever more important and prevalent. Yet with all of the statistics surrounding local agriculture, the human element is often lost. A majority of small farmers and their spouses, often the ones who sell at a local level, have to work full time both on and off farm to support their families and farms. This case study examines the professional lives of five local farm families who choose to sell their products at the Fayetteville, Arkansas farmers’ market. It seeks to understand farmers’ reasons for farming and selling locally, as well as their biggest challenges and rewards. In addition, it seeks to fill gaps in literature regarding farmers’ motivations for selling at a local level. * Megan M. Lankford* is a 2015 Honors graduate with a major in Horticulture and a minor in Sustainability. † Catherine W. Shoulders, the faculty mentor, is an assistant professor in the Department of Agricultural Education, Communications and Technology. § Curt Rom is the Associate Dean for International Education, and a university professor in the Department of Horticulture. ‡ Jennie Popp is a professor in the Department of Agricultural Economics and Agribusiness. ¶ Elena Garcia is an associate professor in the Department of Horticulture. I am from Oxford, New York, and now reside with my husband in Fayetteville, Arkansas. I graduated in May 2015 summa cum laude with a major in Horticulture and a minor in Sustainability. I am a Dale Bumpers Scholar, and have also been named the Outstanding Graduating Senior of the Horticulture Department. During part of my undergraduate career I had the pleasure of being the Vice President and Garden Manager of GroGreen, the student-led organic and sustainable garden. I have also worked part time through my academic career at the University of Arkansas, and currently work as Lead Gardener at the Botanical Garden of the Ozarks. I will continue on my career path there after graduation. In my free time I enjoy growing food for my family, hiking, reading, and relaxing under an old oak listening to the birds. I would like to thank Dr. Catherine Shoulders for her guidance and mentorship through this journey. Her expertise, countless revisions, patience, and passion have made this a memorable and pleasurable experience. I would also like to thank my committee members, Dr. Curt Rom, Dr. Jennie Popp, and Dr. Elena Garcia for guiding me through this process. MEET THE STUDENT-AUTHOR
Social enterprises with environmental objectives: saving traditional orchards in England and Germany

Social enterprises (SEs) re-invest their profits towards a social mission. They have proliferated as post-industrial economies try to meet social need with limited state funding. Scholarship has expanded accordingly, although SEs with primarily environmental objectives have been neglected. This article examines how SEs, in regions noted for wildlife-rich orchards, fund nature conservation by marketing juice and/or cider, thereby attempting to revive economic possibilities for this traditional land use. A common thread between the SEs is their initiation by conservation organisations, and it is possible to group them within models of market intervention. Three models in particular are examined that reveal different approaches and degrees of success in orchard conservation. SE scholarship is marked by a wealth of case studies, and to avoid simply adding to this richness, the paper revisits Jens Beckert's ideas on the social order of markets. His theory that actors strive for stability through forms of co-ordination in dynamic market ‘fields’ is applied to SEs aiming to produce positive conservation outcomes – or environmental order – from their market interventions. Within limits, social order advances understanding of environmental SE by identifying the multiple challenges they juggle, and revealing the environmental outcomes of SE engagement in markets.
Differential mRNA expression patterns of the synaptotagmin gene family in the rodent brain

Synaptotagmins are a large family of membrane‐trafficking proteins. They are evolutionarily conserved and have 15 members in rodents and humans. Synaptotagmins‐1, ‐2, and ‐9, are known to have an essential role as calcium sensors for fast synaptic release. Synaptotagmin‐7 is a major calcium sensor for the exocytosis of large secretory vesicles in endocrine cells. The functional roles of most synaptotagmin isoforms remain unknown. Here we examined whether synaptotagmins are expressed in the rodent brain in distinct patterns and whether individual neurons and astrocytes coexpress multiple synaptotagmin isoforms. We performed a systematic analysis of expression using radioactive in situ hybridization and quantitative real‐time reverse‐transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT‐PCR) as well as multiplex RT‐PCR on a single‐cell level. Our results demonstrate that most synaptotagmins are expressed in the rodent brain in highly distinctive expression patterns, and that individual neurons express variable subsets of different synaptotagmins. We also show that Syt‐11 is the major isoform expressed in astrocytes. This study therefore supports the hypothesis that the functional properties of individual neurons and astrocytes are conferred by the specific subset of synaptotagmins expressed in a cell. J. Comp. Neurol. 512:514–528, 2009. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
A longitudinal study of uremic pruritus in hemodialysis patients.

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Although uremic pruritus (UP) is a highly prevalent complication of chronic kidney disease, it remains poorly characterized. There have been no longitudinal studies of natural history, and no health-related quality of life (HR-QOL) instruments have been developed for UP. The objectives of this study were to describe the natural history of UP, to compare rating scales of itching intensity, and to assess usefulness and validity of HR-QOL instruments for UP. DESIGN, SETTING, PARTICIPANTS, & MEASUREMENTS The intensity, severity, and effects of pathologic itching on HR-QOL were assessed prospectively in 103 patients with UP on chronic hemodialysis. Outcome measures were obtained at scheduled intervals over 3.5 months. RESULTS Itching daily or nearly daily was reported by 84% of patients and had been ongoing for >1 year in 59%. In 83%, pruritus involved large, nondermatomal areas with striking bilateral symmetry. Two thirds of the patients were using medications such as antihistamines, steroids, and various emollients without satisfactory relief of itching. Statistically significant associations were found among itching intensity, severity, and HR-QOL measures in domains such as mood, social relations, and sleep. Among patients with moderate-to-severe UP, changes in itching intensity of 20% or greater were associated with significant reductions in HR-QOL measures. CONCLUSIONS This first longitudinal study of UP describes key features of UP and its effect on HR-QOL. The assessment instruments we have developed are easily used, are responsive to changes in UP intensity, and should facilitate clinical evaluation and research to meet the needs of afflicted patients.
Identification of FIR Systems With Binary Input and Output Observations

This article considers the identification of finite-impulse response systems, where information about the inputs and outputs of the system undergoes quantization into binary values before transmission to the estimator. In the case where the thresholds of the input and output quantizers can be adapted, we propose identification schemes that are strongly consistent for Gaussian distributed inputs and noises. The algorithms are based on the idea that certain joint probabilities of the unquantized signals can be estimated from the binary signals, and the system parameters can then be inferred from these estimates. The algorithms and their properties are illustrated in simulation examples.
Synaptopodin regulates denervation-induced homeostatic synaptic plasticity

Synaptopodin (SP) is a marker and essential component of the spine apparatus (SA), an enigmatic cellular organelle composed of stacked smooth endoplasmic reticulum that has been linked to synaptic plasticity. However, SP/SA-mediated synaptic plasticity remains incompletely understood. To study the role of SP/SA in homeostatic synaptic plasticity we here used denervation-induced synaptic scaling of mouse dentate granule cells as a model system. This form of plasticity is of considerable interest in the context of neurological diseases that are associated with the loss of neurons and subsequent denervation of connected brain regions. In entorhino-hippocampal slice cultures prepared from SP-deficient mice, which lack the SA, a compensatory increase in excitatory synaptic strength was not observed following partial deafferentation. In line with this finding, prolonged blockade of sodium channels with tetrodotoxin induced homeostatic synaptic scaling in wild-type, but not SP-deficient, slice cultures. By crossing SP-deficient mice with a newly generated transgenic mouse strain that expresses GFP-tagged SP under the control of the Thy1.2 promoter, the ability of dentate granule cells to form the SA and to homeostatically strengthen excitatory synapses was rescued. Interestingly, homeostatic synaptic strengthening was accompanied by a compensatory increase in SP cluster size/stability and SA stack number, suggesting that activity-dependent SP/SA remodeling could be part of a negative feedback mechanism that aims at adjusting the strength of excitatory synapses to persisting changes in network activity. Thus, our results disclose an important role for SP/SA in homeostatic synaptic plasticity.
Proton MR spectroscopy of the brain in 14 patients with Parkinson disease.

PURPOSE To determine whether the proton spectra from patients with clinically diagnosed Parkinson disease differ from the spectra of age-matched healthy subjects with respect to the major cerebral metabolite resonances as well as lactate. METHODS Fourteen patients with Parkinson disease (38 to 81 years of age) and 13 healthy control subjects (37 to 81 years of age) were studied using image-guided, single-voxel (27-cm3 volume) proton MR spectroscopy of the occipital lobe. RESULTS The peak area ratios of N-acetyl aspartate to creatine and N-acetyl aspartate to choline for Parkinson patients did not show a statistically significant difference from the corresponding ratios for control subjects. There was a very significant increase in the ratio of lactate to N-acetyl aspartate for patients with Parkinson disease, with the greatest increase (threefold) manifested by the subgroup (n = 4) with dementia. The difference in N-acetyl aspartate to choline between women (n = 7) with Parkinson disease and healthy women (n = 9) approached significance. No dependence of the peak ratios on age, duration of Parkinson disease, or medication (L-dopa) regimen was found. CONCLUSION Preliminary results indicating an increase in cerebral lactate in patients with Parkinson disease support the hypothesis that Parkinson disease is a systemic disorder characterized by an impairment of oxidative energy metabolism. The larger increases for Parkinson patients with dementia may be diagnostically useful in assessing clinical course and in differentiating Parkinson disease from other causes of dementia. Additional studies are needed, though, to quantitate lactate changes and identify potential contributions from lipid resonances better.
Effect of Environmental Exposure of Arsenic on Cattle and Poultry in Nadia District, West Bengal, India

A study was undertaken to evaluate an alternative source of arsenicosis in human food chain through livestock. Thirty milch cattle and 20 poultry birds along with their eggs were selected randomly from two endemic villages of Nadia district and one nonendemic villages of Hooghly district in West Bengal, India. Milk, feces, urine, and hair samples of cattle and feed materials, such as water and straw, were collected to analyze arsenic status. Arsenic concentration in egg yolk and albumen from poultry eggs and different poultry organs after culling was estimated. Distribution of arsenic in animal body indicates that major portion of arsenic was eliminated through feces, urine, and milk. Poultry egg yolk, albumen, and poultry products retain arsenic in all organs. Cows and poultry birds reared in endemic zone retain significantly higher concentration of arsenic. Consumption of egg, agricultural produces grown in contaminated soil, and milk might have produced arsenicosis and may be considered as alternative source of arsenic contamination.
The arginine vasopressin and corticotrophin‐releasing hormone gene transcription responses to varied frequencies of repeated stress in rats

1 Rats habituate to repeated exposure to homotypic stressors. The present studies were designed to define how altered frequency of exposure to a stressor affects the development of habituation and how this habituation is reflected in alterations in basal expression and responsiveness of hypothalamic corticotrophin‐releasing hormone (CRH) and arginine vasopressin (AVP) messenger and heteronuclear RNA (hnRNA). 2 Rats were exposed to a 60 min period of restraint stress every 7th day, every 3rd day, alternate days or daily for 2 weeks and their response to a final episode of stress on day 15 was compared with that of a control group of unstressed rats. 3 The response of plasma corticosterone to the final stressor on day 15 was diminished in animals which had been stressed on only two previous occasions, 7 days apart, and diminished further with increasing frequency of previous stressors until it failed to respond at all in animals stressed daily. 4 The pattern of CRH hnRNA and mRNA responses were similar, decreasing with increasing frequency of exposure to the stressor, while AVP mRNA responses increased in response to repeated stress. 5 The gradual emergence of increased AVP transcription at a time of diminishing CRH response suggests that repeated stress results in a specific facilitation of AVP gene expression, perhaps by impairment of corticosterone feedback.
Innovative Education and Business Engagement at the Heart of Entrepreneurial Business Schools: An interview with Dr Gwyn Jones, Director of Essex Business School, University of Essex

Dr Gwyn Jones is currently the Director of the Essex Business School (EBS), University of Essex. His first entrepreneurial venture involved successfully starting, growing and selling a software business. He became a serial entrepreneur, alongside his roles in the corporate environment as Chairperson, Director and Non-executive Director. Some of his high-profile posts include the Chairperson of the Welsh Development Agency, the North West Equity Fund, and training and consultancy firm RogenSi, a Non-Executive Director in Tesco and Apricot Computers, a Senior Independent Director at Invesco English and International Trust plc, a Governor of the BBC and a member of the S4C Authority. His career embraces technology, media, retail, consulting and investment. He was appointed the EBS Director in 2013 to head up the management team and leads the review of the school's strategy for education, research and business engagement, a move that was intended to make the school more aligned with the opportunities that business engagement offers. Within a short year a number of agreements have been made with corporates and SMEs, and student numbers have escalated. In addition the school has developed a number of entrepreneurial initiatives, including the introduction of the internship option in small and medium enterprises (SMEs) for undergraduate students and the delivery of the Postgraduate Certificate programme in Entrepreneurship Practices for Essex's graduates who are intending to start a business. Currently, he is involved in a number of exciting projects including the development of business incubation spaces for entrepreneurial students to conduct their business activities. He also works closely with other departments within the University, and is involved in the development and running of a number of entrepreneurial initiatives including the GameHub (a game design programme in partnership with Colchester Borough Council, Essex County Council and Shark Infected Custard) and the annual entrepreneurship boot camp held in Essex. Prior to his role of EBS Director, Gwyn has taught in various higher institutions in the UK including Manchester, Strathclyde, Aberystwyth, and Leicester.
Diagnostic utility of EEG based biomarkers for Alzheimer's disease

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disease whose definitive diagnosis is only possible via autopsy. Currently used diagnostic approaches include the traditional neuropsychological tests, and recently more objective biomarkers, such as those obtained from cerebral spinal fluid (CSF), magnetic imaging resonance (MRI), and positron emission tomography (PET). Electroencephalography (EEG), a lower cost and non-invasive alternative, has been previously tried but with mixed success. In this effort, we attempt a more comprehensive analysis and comparison of machine learning approaches using EEG based features to determine diagnostic utility of the EEG. We compared support vector machine (SVM), naïve Bayes, multilayer perceptron (MLP), CART trees, k-nearest neighbor (kNN), and AdaBoost on various sets of features extracted from event related potentials (ERP) of the EEG. Our analysis suggests that there is indeed diagnostically useful information in the ERP of the EEG for early diagnosis of AD.
Cysteine and serine proteases in gastric cancer

Background. Cysteine proteases (cathepsin B [CATB] and cathepsin L [CATL]), the serine protease urokinasetype plasminogen activator (UPA), and plasminogen activator inhibitor type‐1 (PAI‐1) are thought to play an important part in cancer invasion and metastasis. The aims of this study were to measure CATB, CATL, UPA, and PAI‐1 in gastric cancer (GC) and normal mucosa distant from the tumor (NORM); to evaluate whether tissue levels are related to tumor stage, grade, or histotype; to assess their prognostic relevance; and to examine UPA and PAI‐1 expression immunohistochemically.