Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Channels in the Lexicon The Hands and Mouth Do Not Always Slip Together in British Sign Language : Dissociating Articulatory

In contrast to the single-articulatory system of spoken languages, sign languages employ multiple articulators, including the hands and the mouth. We asked whether manual components and mouthing patterns of lexical signs share a semantic representation, and whether their relationship is affected by the differing language experience of deaf and hearing native signers. We used picture-naming tasks and word-translation tasks to assess whether the same semantic effects occur in manual production and mouthing production. Semantic errors on the hands were more common in the English-translation task than in the picturenaming task, but errors in mouthing patterns showed a different trend. We conclude that mouthing is represented and accessed through a largely separable channel, rather than being bundled with manual components in the sign lexicon. Results were comparable for deaf and hearing signers; differences in language experience did not play a role. These results provide novel insight into coordinating different modalities in language production.
Topic Page: Generalized anxiety disorder

Generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) is a clinical anxiety disorder that is centrally characterized by excessive, pervasive, and chronic worry. Worry is a cognitive activity that involves repeatedly thinking about potential negative future events, such as “What if I can’t f inish this task? ” “What if I never graduate? ” “What if I have some type of illness? ” According to the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV-TR; American Psychiatric Association, (2000)), in order to warrant a diagnosis of GAD an individual must experience excessive and uncontrollable worry for at least 6 months, as well as three or more associated symptoms that are present, more days than not, over this time period. These associated symptoms include restlessness, being easily fatigued, diff iculty concentrating, irritability, muscle tension, or sleep disturbances (e.g., dif f iculty falling or staying asleep). Consistent with other DSM-IV diagnostic criteria, both the worry and associated symptoms must cause clinically signif icant distress or impairment.
2 1 A ug 2 01 9 Second-best Beam-Alignment via Bayesian Multi-Armed Bandits

Millimeter-wave (mm-wave) systems rely on narrowbeams to cope with the severe signal attenuation in the mmwave frequency band. However, susceptibility to beam misalignment due to mobility or blockage requires the use of beamalignment schemes, with huge cost in terms of overhead and use of system resources. In this paper, a beam-alignment scheme is proposed based on Bayesian multi-armed bandits, with the goal to maximize the alignment probability and the data-communication throughput. A Bayesian approach is proposed, by considering the state as a posterior distribution over angles of arrival (AoA) and of departure (AoD), given the history of feedback signaling and of beam pairs scanned by the base-station (BS) and the userend (UE). A simplified sufficient statistic for optimal control is identified, in the form of preference of BS-UE beam pairs. By bounding a value function, the second-best preference policy is formulated, which strikes an optimal balance between exploration and exploitation by selecting the beam pair with the current second-best preference. Through Monte-Carlo simulation with analog beamforming, the superior performance of the secondbest preference policy is demonstrated in comparison to existing schemes based on first-best preference, linear Thompson sampling, and upper confidence bounds, with up to 7%, 10% and 30% improvements in alignment probability, respectively.
Use of the Framework Species Method to Restore Carbon Flow via Litterfall and Decomposition in an Evergreen Tropical Forest Ecosystem , Northern Thailand

If forest restoration is to play a significant role in mitigating climate change, greater knowledge is needed of how quickly the process can restore carbon flows to levels typical of natural forest. Litterfall and its decomposition are two important components of the carbon cycle of tropical forest ecosystems. This paper quantified the balance between these two processes in experimental plots undergoing restoration of upland evergreen forest by the framework species method in the upper watershed of the Mae Sa Valley, Chiang Mai province, northern Thailand. Restoration plots had been planted with 20–30 indigenous forest tree species at an average initial density of 3,100 trees.ha-1 in 1998, 2002 and 2007 (at 11, 7 and 2 yr, respectively, before the study commenced). Carbon flow measurements in these plots were compared with identical measurements in relatively intact mature forest and nonplanted control sites. Measurements were litterfall dry mass (from litterfall traps emptied monthly), percentage carbon content (using the Walkley-Black method) and decomposition rates (using litterbags). Net inputs of carbon into the soil pool via litterfall declined below control levels for at least 7 yr after tree planting (probably due to fire and weeding), but increased rapidly thereafter, reaching 61% of natural forest levels by 11 yr and are projected to reach natural forest levels (1.33 t.ha-1.yr-1 carbon) in 14–16 yr after tree planting. Therefore, the framework species method appears to be an efficient mechanism for restoring carbon flow through forest ecosystems and should be considered for forest restoration projects where carbon sequestration is included among the objectives.
9 Quantitative Seismic Hazard Assessment

We analyze the ingredients required for deterministic wave propagation simulation in order to estimate more accurately ground motion in terms of amplitude, frequency content and duration. Building maps of expected ground motion before a catastrophic event for various scenarios may help design ways to mitigate impacts of ground vibrations as well as fast calibration of these maps once the event occurs. Reconstruction of 3D structures requires collection of information at two different scales: the regional one (a few tens of kilometres) and the local (a few tens of metres to hundreds of metres). Different techniques from permanent to temporary deployments of seismic stations and from active to passive source excitations together with other geophysical and geotechnical investigations will provide the necessary information. Characterisation of possible seismic sources is another challenge and requires careful seismotectonic analysis in the region of interest. Uncertainties may be large provided that one can reproduce wave propagation from these hypothetical spatially extended sources. Frequency content of these simulations is more limited by our knowledge of the medium than by computer resources. In fact, in order to perform such simulations, the geological structure has to be known within a resolution scale of one-tenth of the wavelength. Duration and amplitude are affected by the source mechanism and the mechanical properties of the underground structure. Variability in these ground motion estimations should be appreciated and key parameters identified. Designing approaches to calibrate these simulations with recorded data as well as necessary links with the probabilistic approach should be addressed in the future. 2 Jean Virieux, Pierre-Yves Bard, Hormoz Modaressi
Infecciones en pacientes diabéticos tipo II

Diabetes mellitus is a metabolic disorder of multiple etiology resulting from defects in insulin secretion and insulin action (or both). Its acute complications include infections at different locations in the human body. An observational, descriptive, cross-sectional study was conducted with the aim of characterizing infectious processes in type 2 diabetic patients treated at the Cuban Eye Center located in Obrajes, in the city of La Paz, Bolivia, from July to November 2010. The universe of study consisted of 284 type 2 diabetic patients who were treated there during that period of time. The sample consisted of 174 individuals selected in a non-probabilistic way. The variables: age, sex, nutritional assessment, disease duration, metabolic control, presence and type of infections were collected through medical interviews, general and systemic physical examination, and by performing some additional tests. The highest frequency of infections was directly related to older ages. Males predominated, as well as moderate obesity, prolonged time of progression of the disease and poor metabolic control. Dermatological infections predominated in both sexes, especially candidiasis in the folds.
SIMULATING THE IMPACT OF CLIMATE CHANGE SCENARIOS ON SUGARCANE PRODUCTION SYSTEMS IN THAILAND

AGRICULTURAL systems are sensitive areas which would be influenced by the projected global warming and associated climate change. Despite uncertainties about the precise magnitude of climate change on regional scales, an assessment of the possible impacts of changes in key climatic elemelits on our agricultural resources is important for formulating response strategies. In this study, sugarcane crop yields in North and Northeast Thailand under future climate scenarios from the CCAM model are examined. The CCAM model predicted that, during 2006-2024, the annual rainfall at Khon Kaen and Chiang Mai should increase by between 20% and 50% as compared to the annual rainfall during 1985-1999. The DSSAT-CANEGRO model predicted similar ranges of cane yield for both locations. In Khon Kaen, U-Thong 2 and K84-200 sugarcane varieties gave a yield range of 59-109 and 58-103 tonnes cane per hectare, whereas the Chiang Mai area yielded a lower range of 41-99 and 4195 ttha, respectively'.
Cross-Domain Replay Spoofing Attack Detection Using Domain Adversarial Training

Replay spooﬁng attacks are a major threat for speaker veriﬁcation systems. Although many anti-spooﬁng systems or counter-measures are proposed to detect dataset-speciﬁc replay attacks with promising performance, they generalize poorly when applied on unseen datasets. In this work, the cross-dataset scenario is treated as a domain-mismatch problem and dealt with using a domain adversarial training framework. Compared with previous approaches, features learned from this newly-designed architecture are more discriminative for spooﬁng detection, but more indistinguishable across different domains. Only labeled source-domain data and unlabeled target-domain data are required during the adversarial training process, which can be regarded as unsupervised domain adaptation. Experiments on the ASVspoof 2017 V.2 dataset as well as the physical access condition part of BTAS 2016 dataset demonstrate that a signiﬁcant EER reduction of over relative 30% can be obtained after applying the proposed domain adversarial training framework. It is shown that our proposed model can beneﬁt from a large amount of unlabeled target-domain training data to improve detection accuracy.
Childhood cancer survivorship : improving care and quality of life

Only more recently has it been realized that the intense effort to care for and cure a child with cancer does not end with survival. Continued surveillance and a variety of interventions may, in many cases, be needed to identify and care for consequences of treatment that can appear early or only after several decades and impair survivorsa (TM) health and quality of life. The more than two-thirds of childhood cancer survivors who experience late effects -- that is, complications, disabilities, or adverse outcomes -- as a result of their disease, its treatment, or both, are the focus of this report which outlines a comprehensive policy agenda that links improved health care delivery and follow-up, investments in education and training for health care providers, and expanded research to improve the long-term outlook for this growing population now exceeding 270,000 Americans.
Towards an Annotation Scheme for Complex Laughter in Speech Corpora

Although laughter research has gained quite some interest over the past few years, a shared description of how to annotate laughter and its sub-units is still missing. We present a first attempt towards an annotation scheme that contributes to improving the homogeneity and transparency with which laughter is annotated. This includes the integration of respiratory noises as well as stretches of speech-laughs, and to a limited extend to smiled speech and short silent intervals. Inter-annotator agreement is assessed while applying the scheme to different corpora where laughter is evoked through different methods and varying settings. Annotating laughter becomes more complex when the situation in which laughter occurs becomes more spontaneous and social. There is a substantial disagreement among the annotators with respect to temporal alignment (when does a unit start and when does it end) and unit classification, particularly the determination of starts/ends of laughter episodes. In summary, this detailed laughter annotation study reflects the need for better investigations of the various components of laughter.
ff ects of Vegetation Restoration on the Distribution of Nutrients , Glomalin-Related Soil Protein , and Enzyme Activity in Soil Aggregates on the Loess Plateau , China

Research Highlights: Soil enzymes have a significant impact on the production of glomalin-related soil protein (GRSP), directly and indirectly affecting the nutrient metabolism balance, but there is little available information on ecological stoichiometry in soil aggregates. Background and Objectives: Vegetation restoration changes community structure and species composition in ecosystems, thus changing the physicochemical properties of soil. Soil aggregate is the most basic physical structure of the soil. Therefore, in order to understand dynamic changes in soil aggregate nutrients as vegetation restoration progresses, we set out to investigate the nutrient distribution and utilization in aggregates, and how enzymes respond to the nutrient changes in achieving a nutritional balance along successive stages of vegetation restoration. Materials and Methods: We collected and analyzed soil from plots representing six different stages of a vegetation restoration chronosequence (0, 30, 60, 100, 130, and 160 years) after farmland abandonment on the Loess Plateau, China. We investigated soil nutrient stoichiometry, GRSP, and enzyme stoichiometry in the different successional stages. Results: The results revealed that soil organic carbon, total nitrogen, enzyme activity, and GRSP increased with vegetation recovery age, but not total phosphorus, and not all enzymes reached their maximum in the climax forest community. The easily extractable GRSP/total GRSP ratio was the largest at the shrub community stage, indicating that glomalin degradation was the lowest at this stage. Ecological stoichiometry revealed N-limitation decreased and P-limitation increased with increasing vegetation restoration age. Soil enzymes had a significant impact on the GRSP production, directly and indirectly affecting nutrient metabolism balance. Conclusions: Further study of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi to identify changes in their category and composition is needed for a better understanding of how soil enzymes affect their release of GRSP, in order to maintain a nutrient balance along successive stages of vegetation restoration.
A CALIBRATION METHOD FOR HJM MODELS BASED ON THE LEVENBERG-MARQUARDT OPTIMIZATION ALGORITHM

This work presents a particular approach to the calibration procedure for HeathJarrow-Morton models. Are analyzed precisely payer swap options for which have been computed prices through Monte Carlo simulations of the HJM dynamics. Results are compared with prices obtained using a Black like formula focusing on qualitative aspects due to the characteristic of the framework. The main problem has been to specify the volatility structure for practical purpose. So that has been taken under consideration the Hull-White model to provide it. This leads to the creative and interesting part of the work, which is the calibration procedure of the parameters of the model. For this aim, using Matlab is originally implemented the Levenberg-Marquardt optimization algorithm which minimize iteratively the sum of the square of the di erence between Black and HW prices, paying particular attention to the behavior of the Hull-White model. The variables considered are precise and the parameters encountered respect the usual range of values present in the literature, con rming the goodness of the approach. The rst three chapters consist in a theoretical part necessary for a better comprehension of the following development. Are presented the basis of the interest rate theory, then the Heath-Jarrow-Morton framework and its characteristic, and thirdly a description of interest rate derivatives. In chapter four is calculated the volatility structure for HJM through a calibration process of HW parameters involving the implementation of the Levenberg-Marquardt algorithm. The fth chapter deals with the pricing of a payer swap option within the HJM dynamics involving Monte Carlo simulation. Finally are presented possible developments and conclusions, while in the appendices is exposed the Matlab code.
Power and Frequency Control Principles of Different European Synchronous Areas

This paper presents an overview of power and frequency control principles used in IPS/UPS and ENTSO-E RG CE synchronous areas. Power and frequency control is one of the most important issues that need to be considered for implementing the synchronous interconnection between these two systems, about which it is being talked about for quite long. The paper contrasts IPS/UPS and ENTSO-E RG CE power and frequency control norms and standards and defines the main differences and similarities between them. Finally, the main challenges to interconnect synchronously IPS/UPS and ENTSOE RG CE systems are also discussed.
DiCE

In stereoscopic displays, such as those used in VR/AR headsets, our eyes are presented with two different views. The disparity between the views is typically used to convey depth cues, but it could be also used to enhance image appearance. We devise a novel technique that takes advantage of binocular fusion to boost perceived local contrast and visual quality of images. Since the technique is based on fixed tone curves, it has negligible computational cost and it is well suited for real-time applications, such as VR rendering. To control the trade-off between contrast gain and binocular rivalry, we conduct a series of experiments to explain the factors that dominate rivalry perception in a dichoptic presentation where two images of different contrasts are displayed. With this new finding, we can effectively enhance contrast and control rivalry in mono- and stereoscopic images, and in VR rendering, as confirmed in validation experiments.
Kindness is a Risky Business: On the Usage of the Accessibility APIs in Android

Wenrui Diao∗†, Yue Zhang‡, Li Zhang‡, Zhou Li§, Fenghao Xu¶, Xiaorui Pan‖, Xiangyu Liu\, Jian Weng‡, Kehuan Zhang¶, and XiaoFeng Wang‖ ∗Key Laboratory of Cryptologic Technology and Information Security, Ministry of Education, Shandong University, diaowenrui@sdu.edu. cn †School of Cyber Science and Technology, Shandong University ‡Jinan University, {zyueinfosec, zhanglikernel, cryptjweng}@gmail.com §University of California, Irvine, zhou.li@uci.edu ¶The Chinese University of Hong Kong, {xf016, khzhang}@ie.cuhk. edu.hk ‖Indiana University Bloomington, xiaopan@umail.iu. edu, xw7@indiana.edu \Alibaba Inc., eason.lxy@alibaba-inc.com Abstract
Animal welfare and international trade

1. World attitudes and socioeconomic trends A significant change has been occurring in world economics, probably because of increasing availability to the public of good quality information. Consumers now want to know more about the origins of what they buy, especially about the ethics of the methods of production. For example, in the food production industries, whereas at one time producers decided on most aspects of methods of production, now consumers have increasing impact on what methods will or will not be used. There is a move from a push economy driven by producers to a pull economy driven by consumers (Broom 2014, 2016).
IMPROVING PROJECT MANAGERS ’ COMPETENCIES THROUGH E-PORTFOLIOS

The aim of this research is to introduce a new online educational method to support project managers to improve their competencies. Based on authors’ experiences and survey, e-portfolio has been chosen as a newest online learning method to support project managers’ competencies. E-portfolio as a tool can be used in both online and offline mode. The result of this paper is a proposed framework that can be used for designing new e-portfolios for project managers learning purposes. The questionnaire distributed among professionals in senior Executive level, manager level, and senior manager level, and also five industry sectors: Accounting/Finance, Building/Construction, Engineering, Admin/Human Resource and Information Technology. The research findings show that most professionals either never heard about eportfolio or never have used it in their industry. The results also show that e-portfolio is helpful in selfdirected learning and also is helpful in continuous professional developments. However, existing e-portfolio methods, learning based on learner’s own pace and also interaction between project managers are not sufficient and need to be improved.
CONSTRAINING THE RELATIVE TIMING AND DURATION OF AN ANCIENT FLUVIO-LACUSTRINE SYSTEM IN GALE CRATER USING MSL CURIOSITY ROVER OBSERVATIONS

Introduction: Since arriving in Gale Crater in August 2012, the Mars Science Laboratory Curiosity rover has driven ~9.5 km from the Bradbury landing site to the base of Mount Sharp (Fig. 1). At several key waypoints along this traverse (Yellowknife Bay, Darwin, Cooperstown, Kimberley, and Pahrump Hills), the MSL team observed evidence in the rock record for past fluvial, fluvio-deltaic, and lacustrine deposition in Gale crater. However, determining the stratigraphic relationships between the major waypoints is not always a straightforward task. In particular, major questions persist about the relative age relationships between the Peace Vallis fan system, the plains north of Mount Sharp (Aeolis Palus), and lower Mount Sharp. This study presents a summary and overview of the ancient sedimentary depositional environments observed during the primary phase of the MSL mission and discusses stratigraphic constraints on the relative timing of major depositional and erosional events in Gale crater.