Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Hedging In Doctor-Patient Communication: A Pragmatic Study

Social relations are (partly) achieved through the existence of institutionalized roles with socially prescribed patterns of behaviour. Doctor–patient communication can present particular challenges to these relations. Since illness is regarded as a form of social deviance as it impairs normal role performance, patients often look for clues to assess the situation. One of such clues is soaking their speech with particular types of hedges. Doctors also use hedges of particular types. To use hedges properly can strengthen expressive force and communicative results, which can improve interpersonal relationship and thus make communication go more smoothly. The current paper analyses the type and frequencies of hedges employed in 15 conversations between doctors and patients. The overarching goal of this investigation is to present a general situation of hedges used in doctor- patient communication and explore their pragmatic functions. The results obtained lead to the conclusions that the two interlocutors use different types of hedges to mitigate the statements. However, it is found that doctors employ more hedging devices. By maintaining more hedges mainly of the adaptor type, doctors can provide positive feedback to the patient and facilitate his or her participation.
GLUCOSE DEHYDROGENASE OF BACTERIUM ANITRATUM: AN ENZYME WITH A NOVEL PROSTHETIC GROUP.

Glucose dehydrogenase of Bacterium anitratum catalyzes the reduction by glucose and other aldoses of dyes such as 2,6-dichlorophenol indophenol and phenazine methosulfate without the intervention of pyridine or flavin nucleotides (2, 3). The primary hydrogen acceptor is a group that is linked to the protein and revealed by a broad absorption band in the near ultraviolet in the oxidized state, a band which upon addition of glucose is replaced by a sharper band with maximum at 337 rnp (4). In order to throw further light on the nature of this prosthetic group, it was necessary to improve the isolation procedure for the enzyme. The present paper describes the modified procedure and presents observations on the properties of the prosthetic group, in situ and in isolation.
Electricity Generation by Saccharomyces cerevisae and Clostridium acetobutylicum via Microbial Fuel Cell Technology: A Comparative Study

A microbial fuel cell (MFC) is a device that converts chemical energy into electricity through the catalytic activities of microorganisms. In the present contribution, we demonstrated the comparative electricity production capacity of Saccharomyces cerevisae and Clostridium acetobutylicum in two chambered MFC using Artificial Waste water. Temperature, pH, substrate concentration and addition of complex waste (Molasses) were used as comparison indicators. Up to 10.89 mA and 10.45 mA current was generated by Saccharomyces cerevisae and Clostridium acetobutylicum in 10 days of operation.
Expansion of global drylands under a warming climate

Abstract. Global drylands encompassing hyper-arid, arid, semiarid, and dry subhumid areas cover about 41 percent of the earth's terrestrial surface and are home to more than a third of the world's population. By analyzing observations for 1948–2008 and climate model simulations for 1948–2100, we show that global drylands have expanded in the last sixty years and will continue to expand in the 21st~century. By the end of this century, the world's drylands (under a high greenhouse gas emission scenario) are projected to be 5.8 × 10 6 km 2 (or 10%) larger than in the 1961–1990 climatology. The major expansion of arid regions will occur over southwest North America, the northern fringe of Africa, southern Africa, and Australia, while major expansions of semiarid regions will occur over the north side of the Mediterranean, southern Africa, and North and South America. The global dryland expansions will increase the population affected by water scarcity and land degradations.
Initial Coin Offerings

This paper examines the market for initial coin offerings (ICOs). ICOs are smart contracts based on blockchain technology that are designed for entrepreneurs to raise external finance by issuing tokens without an intermediary. Unlike existing mechanisms for early-stage finance, tokens potentially provide investors with rapid opportunities thanks to liquid trading platforms. The marketability of tokens offers novel insights into entrepreneurial finance, which I explore in this paper. First, I document that investors earn on average 8.2% on the first day of trading. However, about 40% of all ICOs destroy investor value on the first day of trading. Second, I explore the determinants of market outcomes and find that management quality and the ICO profile are positively correlated with the funding amount and returns, whereas highly visionary projects have a negative effect. Among the 21% of all tokens that get delisted from a major exchange platform, highly visionary projects are more likely to fail, which investors anticipate. Third, I explore the sensitivity of the ICO market to adverse industry events such as China’s ban of ICOs, the hack of leading ledgers, and the marketing ban on FaceBook. I find that the ICO market is highly susceptible to such environmental shocks, resulting in substantial welfare losses for investors.
Performance of Micro and Small Enterprises in the Philippine Setting

The study was conducted to assess the performance of micro and small enterprises in Lipa City, Philippines using Cash Conversion Cycle. It was conducted among 375 managers and business owners in the area. Descriptive method was to collect the data and test the null hypothesis. Frequency/percentage, weighted mean, and composite mean were used as statistical tools. Results reveal that majority of the respondents were micro enterprises with a 1-9 employees that have been operating for 1-3 years; that the cash conversion cycle and its comparison of responses to the performance of micro and small enterprises found to be effective; that the cash conversion cycle in terms of years of existence, business category and number of employees are effective; that the cash conversion cycle to the performance of micro and small enterprises in terms of cash to accounts payable, accounts payable to inventory, inventory to accounts receivable, and accounts receivable to cash are effective; that the comparison between the cash conversion cycle to the performance of micro and small enterprises and effectiveness when grouped according to years of existence, business category and number of employees were significant. Thus, the proposed extension activity can be considered and implemented by the concerned agency.
Preuve de propriétés dynamiques en B

Les proprietes que l’on souhaite exprimer sur les applications systeme d’information ne peuvent se restreindre aux proprietes statiques, dites proprietes d’invariance, qui portent sur des etats du systeme pris au meme moment. En effet, certaines proprietes, dites proprietes dynamiques, peuvent faire reference a l’etat passe ou futur du systeme. Les travaux existants sur la verification de telles proprietes utilisent generalement le model checking dont l’efficacite pour le domaine des systemes d’information est plutot reduite a cause de l’explosion combinatoire de l’espace des etats. Aussi, les techniques, fondees sur la preuve, requierent des connaissances assez avancees en termes de raisonnement mathematique et sont donc difficiles a mettre en œuvre d’autant plus que ces dernieres ne sont pas outillees. Pour palier ces limites, nous proposons dans cette these des methodes de verification de proprietes dynamiques basees sur la preuve en utilisant la methode formelle B. Nous nous interessons principalement aux proprietes d’atteignabilite et de precedence pour lesquelles nous avons defini des methodes de generation d’obligations de preuve permettant de les prouver. Une propriete d’atteignabilite permet d’exprimer qu’il existe au moins une execution du systeme qui permet d’atteindre un etat cible a partir d’un etat initial donne. Par contre, la propriete de precedence permet de s’assurer qu’un etat donne du systeme est toujours precede par un autre etat. Afin de rendre ces differentes approches operationnelles, nous avons developpe un outil support qui permet de decharger l’utilisateur de la tâche de generation d’obligations de preuve qui peut etre longue et fastidieuse
Exciton Multiplication and Relaxation Dynamics in Quantum Dots: Applications to Ultra-High Efficiency Solar Photon Conversion

We show how semiconductor quantum dots may greatly increase photon conversion efficiencies by producing multiple excitons from a single photon. This is possible because quantization of energy levels in quantum dots enhances Auger processes, eliminates the requirement to conserve crystal momentum, and thus promotes multiple exciton generation, Quantum yields of 300% for exciton formation in PbSe, PbS, and PbTe quantum dots have been reported at photon energies about 4 times the HOMO-LUMO transition energy (QD bandgap), indicating the formation of 3 excitons/photon for all photoexcited quantum dots
Effect of Fusarium seed infection and fungicide seed treatment on wheat and barley establishment and yield

The effects of three fungicide seed treatments (triazole plus imidazole (tri+im), fuberidazole (fub) and carboxin plus thiram (car+thi)) on establishment and yield of a number of paired seed lines of wheat cultivars with different levels of Fusarium infection were examined. Without seed treatment, lines of four cultivars with an average of 48% of seeds infected with Fusarium had between 9% and 23% lower establishment than lines with 7% of seeds infected. This reduction in establishment was not always directly related to laboratory germination. Tri+im slowed or reduced establishment of some seed lines. Seed lines infected with Penicillium spp. or bacteria had greatly reduced emergence and hence yield, and only car+thi improved emergence and yield of infected lines. A second trial examined the effects of tri+im and car+thi seed treatment on establishment and yield of a number of lines of barley cv. Valetta differing in Fusarium seed infection. In this trial, treatment with tri+im reduced field establishment in some seed lines, but did not affect yield, although treatment with car+thi produced a greater yield than tri+im. Additional key words: germination, Penicillium, bacteria
Health experts aim to curb potential epidemic.

It seems like cancer should be the least of the health worries in most of the countries on the African continent, where communicable diseases are the leading cause of death and the life expectancy in more than half of the countries is under 50 years. Compared with those of Western countries, cancer rates in the region are relatively low. But the prognosis for cancer in Africa looks grim: In sub-Saharan Africa, there were 582,000 new cancers diagnosed in 2002, and 412,100 people died from the disease. If no interventions are put in place, it’s expected that the number of new cases diagnosed will rise to 804,000 and mortal
Efficacy of Modified Cognitive Interviewing, Compared to Human Judgments in Detecting Deception Related to Bio-threat Activities

National security professionals have few scientifically valid methods for detecting deception in people who deny being involved in illicit activities relevant to national security. Numerous detecting deception studies have demonstrated that the Modified Cognitive Interviewing (MCI) method is one such method yielding detecting deception rates (i.e. 80-85%) that are significantly above those achieved by chance (i.e. 50%) or by human judgments (i.e. 54-56%). To date, however, no MCI studies have involved dilemmas of ethological interest to national security professionals. This project begins to address this gap in the scientific literature. In it, we compared the efficacy of MCI to that of human judgments for detecting deception in scientists with expertise in biological materials. Sixtyfour scientists were recruited for study; 12 met with a “terrorist” and were paid to make biological materials for illicit purposes. All 64 scientists were interviewed by investigators with law enforcement experience about the bio-threat issue. MCI elicited speech content differences in deceptive, compared to truthful scientists. This resulted in a classification accuracy of 84.4%; Accuracies for Human Judgments (interviewers/raters) were 54% and 46%, respectively. MCI required little time and its efficacy suggests it is reasonable to recommend its use to national security experts. This article is available in Journal of Strategic Security: http://scholarcommons.usf. edu/jss/vol6/iss3/9
Algorithm 653: Translation of algorithm 539: PC-BLAS, basic linear algebra subprograms for FORTRAN usage with the INTEL 8087, 80287 numeric data processor

The Basic Linear Algebra Subprograms (BLAS) are described in [l]. The particular implementation documented here is intended for any of the FORTRAN compilers, [2-41, that run on MS-DOS and PC-DOS operating systems. Source code is provided for an Assembly language implementation of these subprograms, which are designed so that the computation is independent of the interface with the calling program unit. In fact, each of the compilers have different methods of passing pointers to input argument lists and returning results for functions. The independence of the mathematical operations from the particulars of the compiler was achieved by the judicious use of Assembly language macros. We believe that it is now a relatively easy job to write these macros for a FORTRAN compiler that is not on our list. The Assembly language versions of the PC-BLAS are generally more efficient when used in applications than are the FORTRAN versions. (See Appendix B for a brief rationale based on efficiency.) Usage of this code requires that the machine have an 8087 or 80287 Numeric Data Processor. The Assembly code for this translation can be assembled using the product of [5]. That product must be acquired by the reader separately; it is not included here. FORTRAN
Contributions à la modélisation des interfaces imparfaites et à l'homogénéisation des matériaux hétérogènes

En mecanique des materiaux et des structures, l’interface entre deux composants materiels ou deux elements structuraux est traditionnellement et le plus souvent suppose parfaite. Au sens mecanique, une interface parfaite est une surface a travers laquelle le vecteur de deplacement et le vecteur de contrainte sont tous les deux continus. L’hypothese des interfaces parfaites est inappropriee dans de nombreuses situations en mecanique. En effet, l’interface entre deux corps ou deux parties d’un corps est un endroit propice aux reactions physico-chimiques complexes et favorable a l’endommagement mecanique. L’interet pour les interfaces imparfaites devient depuis quelques annees grandissant avec le developpement des materiaux et structures nanometriques dans lesquels les interfaces et surfaces jouent un role preponderant. A partir de la configuration de base ou une interphase de faible epaisseur separe deux phases, ce travail etablit trois modeles d’interface imparfaite generaux qui permettent de remplacer l’interphase par une interface imparfaite dans les cas de la conduction thermique, de l’elasticite lineaire et de la piezoelectricite sans perturber les champs en questions a une erreur fixee pres. La derivation de ces modeles est basee sur le developpement de Taylor et sur une approche originale de geometrie differentielle independante de tout systeme de coordonnees. Les trois modeles generaux permettent non seulement de mieux apprehender certains modeles phenomenologiques d’interface imparfaite mais aussi de decrire les effets d’interface que les modeles existants ne sont pas en mesure de prendre en compte. Les modeles d’interface imparfaite etablis sont appliques dans la determination des proprietes effectives thermiques, elastiques et piezoelectriques d’un materiau composite constitue d’une matrice renforcee par des particules ou fibres enrobees d’une interphase. La methode utilisee pour rendre compte des effets des interfaces imparfaites sur les proprietes effectives repose sur une condition d’equivalence energetique qui ramene un materiau heterogene avec interfaces imparfaites a un materiau heterogene avec interfaces parfaites
Cervical neoplasia in the patient with HIV infection

With heterosexual transmission of HIV becoming the primary mode of transmission to women in the USA, and a high rate of human papillomavirus (HPV) and cervical neoplasia in HIV-infected women, obstetrician-gynecologists have become primary care providers for HIV-infected women. Reports of a high rate of recurrence and progression of cervical neoplasia in this population suggest that gynecologists must strive to identify those women with cervical neoplasia who are HIV infected. Alterations in local immune response of the genital tract caused by HIV infection may be responsible for higher prevalence, recurrence rates, and progression rates of cervical neoplasms in these women. Since cervical cancer may have a more fulminant course in HIV-infected women and has become an AIDS-defining illness, the surveillance and treatment of cervical neoplasia may need to be more aggressive.
[Related factors of central lymph node metastasis in papillary thyroid carcinoma].

OBJECTIVE To study the related factors of central lymph node (CLN) metastasis in papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC),the indications and the extent of central neck dissection (CND). METHODS A total of 153 cases treated between Jan. 2009 and Dec. 2010 was analysed retrospectively. Of the cases 28 males and 125 cases females, with a mean age of (44 ± 14) years. T1, T2, and T3 diseases accounted for 51, 10 and 81 cases, respectively; I, II, III and IV diseases for 88, 3, 26 and 36 cases, respectively. Multifocal tumors were found in 63 cases. The related clinicopathologic factors were analyzed, including sex, age, tumor size, extrathyroidal extension, and multifocal tumor. RESULTS All the cases had total/near total thyroidectomy and CND, of them 64 cases had unilateral neck dissection and 18 cases had bilateral neck dissection. CLN metastases existed in 68.6% (105/153) cases, 37.2% (57/153) for unilateral and 31.4% (48/153) for bilateral respectively. The rates of CLN metastasis were 86.6% (71/82) in cN1 cases and 47.9% (34/71) cN0 cases, respectively,and the rates of bilateral CLN metastases were 45.1% (37/82) in cN1 cases and 15.5% (11/71) in cN0 cases. Multivariate analysis showed that extrathyroidal extension (P = 0.002, OR = 3.502) was an independent risk factor for CLN metastasis and that lateral neck lymph node metastasis (P = 0.028, OR = 3.080), surrounding tissue invasion (P = 0.014, OR = 3.113), and maximum tumor diameter greater than 1 cm (P = 0.012, OR = 3.732) were independent risk factors for bilateral CLN metastases. CONCLUSIONS It is indicated that ipsilateral CND should be obligatory for PTC. Intraoperative frozen section examination should be routine. Bilateral CND should be conducted when ipsilateral CLN metastases accompanied by one of following issues such as more invasive tumor (surrounding tissue invasion, T3 or T4 disease), maximum tumor diameter greater than 1 cm, and lateral neck lymph node metastasis.
Strategic asset allocation in Brazil

We study the impact of asset returns’ predictability on optimal portfolio allocation, considering investors concerned with a steady flow of long-term consumption. Relying on a monthly database for 2006-2016, the analysis focuses on the Brazilian context covering returns on (1) a real short-term asset, (2) a long-term asset, (3) a Brazilian stock index, and five other state variables. Predictability of long-term assets returns has a significant impact on their overall optimal demand. In addition, by using the S&P500 index we show that foreign stocks are more predictable than the Brazilian index. JEL Classification: G11
Uncovering some ignored pioneering works on post-infectious irritable bowel syndrome

Post-infectious irritable bowel syndrome (PI-IBS) is a recently described subtype of IBS [1] which has become o cially accepted in the Rome III classi cation [2]. is term describes those cases of IBS which occur a er intestinal infections [3], and the pathogenesis of the symptoms is produced, as shown on a large sample, by genetically in uenced intestinal wall in ammation triggered by the infection [4]. But it seems that the rst reporting of the medical condition now called PI-IBS is actually older. We present here data from a series of papers published almost 50 years ago by the group led by Octavian Fodor, at that time Head of the 3rd Medical Department (focus on gastroenterology) in Cluj, Romania. ese investigators are precursors of the PI-IBS research. eir results were published in French and German, not in English, and this is maybe the reason why these pioneer works have not been credited worldwide. Using blind small bowel biopsies in patients with chronic abdominal symptoms: pain, diarrhea, bloating, the authors observed inflammatory infiltrates in the absence of any signi cant organic condition or of a speci c in ammation, similar to IBD. ey coined the term chronic nonspeci c enteropathy [5]. e authors described the general frame of bowel disorders and associated the small bowel symptoms with a more general disorder, including the colon. e condition would now be defined as IBS-D or IBS-M (diarrheaor mixed-type IBS). is study detected also in ammation in the jejunal mucosa of 29.8% of the patients with chronic nonspecific enteropathy. A few years later the authors published a continuation of their work, this time with the emphasis on morphological changes of the bowel mucosa [6]. In this paper, the investigators insisted on the nonspeci c LETTERS TO THE EDITOR
A Decision Model For The Design And Operation Of Inventory Programmes In A Manufacturing Industry

A working inventory model is developed to incorporate the partial back ordering inventory with references to the back ordering inventory model by Jonah and Chukwu. The re-order point models of maximum expected cost and service level approach were also established. Data, covering the demand, set-up cost, and the Holding cost were obtained from the Champion Breweries Plc, other related data were estimated. These enabled the application of the models to obtain, the review period, (T) the fill rate (F), the stock-out (S) and finally the order quantity (Q). It was found and could be recommended that a quantity (Q) of 285022 tons of plan sorghum be placed bi-ennialy with a lead time of four (4) weeks. At a time the stock level is expected to be at 58.746 tons.
Resilience in Sheltered Battered Women

While many battered women report physical and psychological distress, others are able to respond to adverse sequelae with less severe outcomes. The findings of this study indicate that resilience assessed by the Resilience Scale was significantly and inversely correlated with three global measures and five subscales of the Symptom Checklist-90R. Further study of battered women's resilience will allow for greater appreciation of their strengths as well as expand understanding of human responses to trauma.