Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Comparative study on selected polyphenol content in red wines of Eger (Hungary)

Nine phenolic compounds (gallic acid, (+)catechin, vanillic and caffeic acid, p-coumaric acid, resveratrol, myricetin, quercitrin and quercetin) of fourteen Eger (Hungarian) young red wines were investigated using high-performance liquid chromatography in order to obtain data on the 2003 vintage. The grapes were harvested at different sites of the wine-district, vinified with same technology, but stored under different conditions (glass holder or 5-10 years old oak barrel). Same varietal wines originating from different sites of Eger wine-region showed considerable alterations in some phenolic components, and we found distinction in polyphenol content of different varietal wines originating from the same harvesting site. Cluster analysis was performed to acquire information about the similarity among the measured wines. Our study provides new data of polyphenol composition for Eger (Hungary) pure varietal red wines, and the results contribute to better identification of Hungarian red wines on the basis of.
Material Characterization Studies of Maltodextrin Samples for the Use of Wall Material

A few samples of maltodextrins procured commercially were studied in detail for some of their specific physicochemical qualities. In addition to the Dextrose Equivalent value (DE) the samples were analysed for their cold water solubility and clarity, percent age of cold water solubles, and total hydrolyzable carbohydrates. Samples were also analyzed for their hygroscopicity at different relative humidities varying from 40 to 95%. The carbohydrate profile was studied using HPLC and X-ray diffraction pattern were taken and compared. When samples were tried for flavour encapsulation it could be noticed that samples considerably differed in their encapsulation behaviour. Untersuchungen zur Materialcharakterisierung an Maltodextrinproben fur die Verwendung als Wandmaterial. Einige im Handel bezogene Maltodextrinproben wurden hinsichtlich spezifischer physikalisch-chemischer Qualitatsmerkmale detailliert untersucht. Zusatzlich zum Dextroseaquivalent (DE) wurden die Proben auf ihre Kaltwasserloslichkeit und Klarheit, ihren Prozentgehalt an kaltwasserloslichen Stoffen und die gesamten hydrolysierbaren Kohlenhydrate analysiert. Die Proben wurden auch auf ihre Hygroskopizitat bei verschiedenen relativen Feuchten zwischen 40 und 95% gepruft. Unter Verwendung von HPLC und des Rontgenbeugungsmusters wurde das Kohlenhydratprofil studiert. Bei dem Versuch der Verkapselung von Geschmacksstoff konnte festgestellt werden, das sich die Proben bezuglich ihres Verkapselungsverhaltens betrachtlich von-einander unterschieden.
The dietary energy values of soya-bean oil, tallow and their blends for growing/finishing pigs

Two fats, soya-bean oil and tallow, were blended in the ratios 70: 30, 50: 50 and 30: 70. The ratios of unsaturated to saturated fatty acids (U/S) of the blends were 3·18, 2·08 and 1·49 respectively; values for soya-bean oil and tallow were 6·69 and 0·93. These five fat sources were each included into a basal diet at levels of 40, 80 and 120 g/kg. The digestible (DE) and metabolizable (ME) energy together with the apparent fat digestibility (AFD) of the experimental diets were measured in a metabolism trial based upon four 4 × 4 Latin squares using 16 gilts of 30 kg initial live weight. Linear equations relating dietary DE and ME values to level of inclusion of fat were extrapolated to 1000 g/kg to obtain values for the fats. DE values for soya-bean oil and tallow were 38·06 and 34·16 MJ/kg respectively. Corresponding data for ME were 35·63 and 32·53 respectively. These figures were used to calculate values of the mixtures. Data thus derived did not differ significantly from those determined directly, indicating that there was no synergism between the two fats. DE values of fats determined as the product of AFD of fats and their gross energy followed similar trends. The majority of the increase in values of fats was associated with a change in the U/S ratio from 0·93 to 2·08.
The Structure of Surface Films. Part XVIII. The Effect of Alkalinity in the Underlying Solution on Films of Fatty Acids

Historical . It has been known for some time that extensive changes occur in monomolecular films of fatty acids on aqueous solutions, as the alkalinity or acidity is varied. These changes are of at least tow kinds; changes in the packing of the molecules in the coherent types of film, and changes in the lateral adhesion between molecules have already been described. Thus Adam found changes in the packing of the molecules in the condensed films on changing from neutral to acid solution; and also a change from condensed to gaseous or vapour expanded films, on changing from natural to strongly alkaline solutions. The second of those effects was considered to be due to a decrease in the lateral adhesion between the molecules, caused by the development of similar electric charges on the end groups, through electrolytic dissociation of the carboxyl group on alkaline solutions. On alkaline solutions, it has previously been noted that the films contract spontaneously; Adam called this "solution," but did not examine it in detail; Lyons and Rideal believed it to be not a complete solution, but the formation of a bimolecular layer two molecules thick; Zocher and Stiebel, by ultramicroscopic examintion, concluded that this disappearance of the film was due to a partial collapse into thick, localized aggregates, not into a uniform bimolecular film.
Engineering Molecular Transformations for Sustainable Energy Conversion

Future strategies for sustainable energy production will undoubtedly require processes and materials that can efficiently convert renewable resources into fuels. Nature’s enzymes can exquisitely integrate highly active catalytic centers within flexible environments that can adaptively guide reactants to products with very high activities and selectivities. They are limited, however, by their stability and ability to integrate into large scale production processes. The design of more robust heterogeneous catalytic materials that mimic the performance of enzymes, however, has been hindered by our limited understanding of how such transformations proceed. The tremendous advances in ab initio quantum mechanical methods, atomistic simulations, and high performance computing that have occurred over the past two decades, however, provide unprecedented ability to track molecular transformations and how they proceed at specific sites and within particular environments. This information together with the advances i.
Essential oils from two medicinal plants of Fiji: Dysoxylum richii (A. Gray) C.D.C. fruit and Synedrella nodiflora (L.) Gaertn. leaves

Steam distillation of Dysoxylum richii (A. Gray) C.D.C. fruits gave a greenish coloured oil in 0.19% yield while Synedrella nodiflora (L.) Gaertn. leaves gave a yellow oil in 0.02 % yield. The composition of the essential oils was determined by the use of capillary gas-liquid chromatography and mass spectrometry. The oil from Dysoxylum richii fruits was found to be rich in sesquiterpene hydrocarbons (58 %) and oxygenated sesquiterpenes (35 %). The major components of the oil are δ-cadinene (20.4%), germacrene-D (16.6%) and cadinol isomers (21%). The classes of compounds detected in the leaf oil of Synedrella nodiflora were aliphatic alcohols, monoterpenes, sesquiterpene hydrocarbons and oxygenated sesquiterpenes. The major components of this oil are β-caryophyllene, β-farnesene, germacrene-D and β-cubebene.
Optimal Measurement Combination for Local Self-Optimizing Control

Self-optimizing control is a useful method for finding the appropriate set of controlled variables. Recently, some researchers introduced local methods for finding the locally optimal subset or linear combination of measurements, which can be used as controlled variables. [Halvorsen et al. Ind. Eng. Chem. Res. 2003, 42 (14), 3273−3284. ] In this paper, we present a method for finding the optimal combination of measurements for local self-optimizing control for nearly optimal steady-state operation. The proposed method only requires the use of singular value decomposition, followed by the determination of the eigenvectors of a matrix. The proposed results are computationally more efficient and are guaranteed to find the optimal solution, in comparison to the available nonlinear optimization-based and the approximate null space methods.
Influence of Drying on the Properties of Pears of the Rocha Variety (Pyrus communis

Abstract Rocha pear (Pyrus communis L.) is the main cultivar produced in Portugal, usually consumed in fresh. However, the drying of the pear can be an opportunity for development and enables the provision of alternative products to consumers. This work evaluates the effect of drying on some chemical and physical properties of pears of the Rocha variety. Furthermore, the origin of the pears was also a variable studied. For the completion of this work, pears from five different locations were analysed in fresh and after convective air drying at two different temperatures, 40 and 60°C. The properties analysed were dimensions of pears in terms of height and diameter, total solids content, acidity, maturation index, processing yields, colour and textural attributes.The results showed that the peel had lower acidity and higher maturation index, when compared to the pulp and that drying greatly reduced acidity, either in the pulp or in the peel. However, this variation was not influenced by the drying temperature. With respect to colour, total colour differences between 25 and 50 were observed (for the dried pears in relation to the fresh) and in this case increasing the drying temperature caused evident variations in the peel but not in the pulp. As to the textural attributes, hardness and chewiness were the ones that showed the higher changes with drying, increasing considerably with drying temperature.
Evaluation of the Stability of Pure Silica MCM-41 toward Water Vapor

Water vapor adsorption/desorption isotherms at 298 K and XRD measurements and nitrogen isotherms at 77 K before and after exposure to water vapor were determined on pure silica MCM-41 samples; samples had different pore widths and were prepared by different synthesis methods, including hydrothermal and room-temperature procedures. It was found that prolonged exposure to water vapor provoked structural alterations in all of the MCM-41 materials studied, the most significant effects being a loss of pore shape uniformity and a large decrease in pore size and, in consequence, pore volume. Analysis of the results suggests that these alterations are due to expansion of the pore walls as well as, in some cases, to a collapse involving rupture of the walls. It is also confirmed that silylation is effective in stabilizing the pore structure but only at the expense of much lower pore volume and pore width.
The use of a nitrification inhibitor, dicyandiamide (DCD), to decrease nitrate leaching and nitrous oxide emissions in a simulated grazed and irrigated grassland

Abstract. In grazed dairy pasture systems, a major source of NO3– leached and N2O emitted is the N returned in the urine from the grazing animal. The objective of this study was to use lysimeters to measure directly the effectiveness of a nitrification inhibitor, dicyandiamide (DCD), in decreasing NO3– leaching and N2O emissions from urine patches in a grazed dairy pasture under irrigation. The soil was a free‐draining Lismore stony silt loam (Udic Haplustept loamy skeletal) and the pasture was a mixture of perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne) and white clover (Trifolium repens). The use of DCD decreased NO3–‐N leaching by 76% for the urine N applied in the autumn, and by 42% for urine N applied in the spring, giving an annual average reduction of 59%. This would reduce the NO3–‐N leaching loss in a grazed paddock from 118 to 46 kg N ha–1 yr–1. The NO3–‐N concentration in the drainage water would be reduced accordingly from 19.7 to 7.7 mg N L–1, with the latter being below the drinking water guideline of 11.3 mg N L–1. Total N2O emissions following two urine applications were reduced from 46 kg N2O‐N ha–1 without DCD to 8.5 kg N2O‐N with DCD, representing an 82% reduction. In addition to the environmental benefits, the use of DCD also increased herbage production by more than 30%, from 11 to 15 t ha–1 yr–1. The use of DCD therefore has the potential to make dairy farming more environmentally sustainable by reducing NO3– leaching and N2O emissions.
Two‐ and three‐dimensional QSAR of carrier‐mediated transport of β‐lactam antibiotics in Caco‐2 cells

Abstract In this study, we investigated whether such a topological descriptor‐based approach is suitable for predicting the carrier‐mediated transport of 20 β‐lactam antibiotics that are substrates of peptide transporters. To select the molecular descriptors that can effectively predict a targeted property in QSAR analysis, the genetic algorithm‐combined partial least squares approach was used. The feasibility of the two‐dimensional (2D)‐QSAR approach was compared with that of comparative molecular field analysis (CoMFA). The logarithm of the uptake values of 20 β‐lactam antibiotics in Caco‐2 cells obtained from the literature ranged from −1.15 to 1.09 (nmol/cm 2 /2 h). When preliminary leave‐one‐out cross‐validated partial least squares analyses implemented in the SYBYL/CoMFA program were conducted, the r was 0.759 and the standard error of prediction ( s ) was 0.373. However, the 2D‐QSAR approach based on Molconn‐Z descriptors gave a better predictability ( r = 0.923, s = 0.211), where 14 descriptors were selected and the optimal number of principal components was 4. Considering that the 2D‐topological descriptors are less computationally intensive and practically completely automated, the simple 2D‐QSAR model is also of great importance in drug discovery settings. © 2004 Wiley‐Liss, Inc. and the American Pharmacists Association J Pharm Sci 93:3057–3065, 2004
Universal Active Power Control Converter for DC-Microgrids With Common Energy Storage

This paper presents a battery integrated Power Flow Controller (PFC) which is found effective for the interconnection of several dc microgrids. The configuration offers delicate control over load-flow and also provides a way for the integration of Common Energy Storage (CES) to the adjacent grids. The CES is more effective when both the grids have surplus or deficit of power compared to their individual storage capacity (if any). In this paper, a Universal Active Power Control Converter (UAPCC) is proposed (which is basically a three-port converter), where port-1 is connected in parallel with the line, port-2 is connected in series with the line, and port-3 is connected to the CES through a bidirectional dc-dc converter. Relevant control algorithms have been developed for the operation of such system satisfying various system requirements that are inevitable for the interconnection of dc microgrids. The proposed control methods allow decoupled operation of three ports to control power flow between dc grids and CES independently. The complete system along with control methods are initially verified through computer simulation using MATLAB/SIMULINK. Thereafter, a prototype is developed in the laboratory at 380 V level to experimentally validate the concept. The results show effectiveness of the UAPCC for interconnection of dc microgrids with CES.
In-Network Intelligence Control: Toward a Self-Driving Networking Architecture

The past few years have witnessed the compelling applications of the Internet of Things (IoT) in our daily life. Meanwhile, with the explosion of IoT devices and various applications, the expectations for the performance, reliability, and security of networks are greater than ever. The current end-host-based or centralized control framework incurs too much communication and computation overhead, therefore exhibiting tardiness and clumsiness in responding to network dynamics. Recently, with the advancement of programmable network hardware, it is possible to implement network functions inside the network. However, current in-network schemes are largely dependent on the manual process, which presents poor scalability and robustness. Therefore, in this article, we present a new intelligent network control architecture, in-network intelligence control. We design intelligent in-network devices that can automatically adapt to network dynamics by leveraging powerful machine learning adaptive abilities. In addition, to enhance the collaboration among distributed in-network devices, a centralized management plane is introduced to ease the training process of distributed switches. To demonstrate the technical feasibility and performance advantage of our architecture, we present three use cases: in-network load balance, in-network congestion control, and in-network DDoS detection.
Aqueous phase oxidation of sulfur(IV) by hydrogen peroxide, methylhydroperoxide, and peroxyacetic acid

The aqueous phase oxidation kinetics of sulfur(IV) by hydrogen peroxide, methylhydroperoxide, and peroxyacetic acid have been investigated over the pH range 4.0–5.2 for hydrogen peroxide and methylhydroperoxide and 2.9–5.8 for peroxyacetic acid. The reagent concentrations used in these studies were in the micromolar range. In the cases of hydrogen peroxide and peroxyacetic acid, 1 mol of sulfate was produced for each mole of peroxide consumed. In the case of methylhydroperoxide, 0.73±0.04 mol of sulfate, and 0.27±0.04 mol of the methylsulfate were produced for each mole of peroxide consumed. The experimentally determined rate laws for the three reactions are given by d[peroxide]/dt = k[H+] [peroxide] [S(IV)]. The third order rate constants, k, for the three reactions were determined to be 7.2±2.0×107 M−2s−1 for hydrogen peroxide (18°C), 1.7±0.4×107 M−2s−1 for methylhydroperoxide (23°C), and 3.5±1.3 ×107 M−2s−1 for peroxyacetic acid (18°C). The oxidation kinetics of aqueous S(IV) by peroxyacetic acid also contained a second-order term over the pH range investigated in this study, first-order in both peroxyacetic acid and S(IV) concentrations. The rate constant k′ for this term was determined to be 6.1±2.6×102 M−1s−1. Temperature dependence studies over the range 6°–25°C yielded activation energies of 31.6±1.3 kJ/mol for methylhydroperoxide and 33.2±0.7 kJ/mol for peroxyacetic acid.
Absorption Correction for Annular Cylindrical Samples in Powder Neutron Diffraction

Neutron absorption correction coefficients have been calculated numerically for annular cylindrical samples which are highly absorbing materials (1 < μR < 30). The angular variation of the absorption factor differs from that of an equivalent full cylinder. As an example, a gain of a factor of 15 in diffracted intensity can be reached at low Bragg angles for μR = 18 if an annular cylinder is used instead of a full cylindrical sample holder with the same amount of material.
On interleaved rank metric codes

Horizontal and vertical interleavings of arbitrary matrix or vector rank metric codes are considered. A necessary and sufficient condition for an interleaved code to be maximum rank distance (MRO) code is obtained. In particular, horizontal interleaving of Gabidulin vector codes over the field ${\mathbb{F}_{{q^m}}}$ gives an example of a non-Gabidulin MRD code of length more than m. It is shown that interleaving of Gabidulin codes with different sets of locators can be decoded directly by syndrome decoders. Any other decoder can also be used in the case of different locators after making proposed modification of the received word.
The Characteristics Method and Cusped Flame Fronts

The kinematic effects of a space-time forced velocity field upon a thin premixed flame, stabilized above a circular cross-section burner, are studied in order to point out the non-linearities due to a sufficiently high velocity perturbation level whose RMS amplitudes remain nonetheless inferior to the normal burning velocity. The present calculation proposes to seek a solution using the characteristics method, without any linearized calculation, to express these effects. A front evolution equation is interpreted as the differentiated form of a conservation equation of the radial distance between two points of the front. These modelling results are used to interpret experiments of a vibrating flame subjected to a space-time sinusoidal velocity field. In this last case, the limit of cusps formation is represented as a similarity law expressing the nondimensional perturbation amplitude versus a Strouhal number of the aero-acoustic reactive medium.
Palladium Nanoparticles Supported on Fibrous‐Structured Silica Nanospheres (KCC‐1): An Efficient and Selective Catalyst for the Transfer Hydrogenation of Alkenes

An efficient palladium catalyst supported on fibrous silica nanospheres (KCC‐1) has been developed for the hydrogenation of alkenes and α,β‐unsaturated carbonyl compounds, providing excellent yields of the corresponding products with remarkable chemoselectivity. Comparison (high‐resolution TEM, chemisorption) with analogous mesoporous (MCM‐41, SBA‐15) silica‐supported Pd nanocatalysts prepared under identical conditions, demonstrates the advantage of employing the fibrous KCC‐1 morphology versus traditional supports because it ensures superior accessibility of the catalytically active cores along with excellent Pd dispersion at high metal loading. This morphology ultimately leads to higher catalytic activity for the KCC‐1‐supported nanoparticles. The protocol developed for hydrogenation is advantageous and environmentally benign owing to the use of HCOOH as a source of hydrogen, water as a solvent, and because of efficient catalyst recyclability and durability. The recycled catalyst has been analyzed by XPS spectroscopy and TEM showing only minor changes in the oxidation state of Pd and in the morphology after the reaction, thus confirming the robustness of the catalyst.
Layer‐by‐layer deposition of J‐aggregates and polyelectrolytes for electroluminescence applications: A spectroscopic study

The self-assembly method of layer-by-layer deposition of oppositely charged polyelectrolytes is used to insert J-aggregates of the dye tetrachloro-diethyl-disulfobutyl-benzimido-carbocyanine (TDBC) into thin polymeric films. The J-aggregates are characterized by a narrow absorption- and fluorescence band with its maximum at 590 nm, which is red-shifted with respect to the monomeric transition at 515 nm. The dyes are either coadsorbed with the polyelectrolytes poly(allylamine hydrochloride (PAH) and poly(styrene sulfonate) (PSS), or alternately deposited with the precursor of poly(phenylene vinylene) (pre-PPV). The optical properties of the aggregates are not changed significantly by the deposition process. The pre-PPV/TDBC films are heated under vacuum to convert the PPV to its conjugated form. The resulting films can be used for the fabrication of light-emitting devices. The optical properties such as fluorescence and electroluminescence are dominated by the J-aggregates. The excitation energy of PPV is transferred to the dye aggregates with an efficiency of 100%. The electroluminescence is not very stable and shows a very slow turn-on time. However, the combination of self-assembled PPV/TDBC layers with a spin-coated film of PPV results in stable electroluminescence emission under ambient conditions. In this case, light is emitted from both species, the PPV and the J-aggregates, whereas the ratio of the two intensities strongly depends on temperature.