Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
American Thoracic Society Documents An Official ATS Statement : Hepatotoxicity of Antituberculosis Therapy

Methods The Liver: Structure and Function Hepatic Drug Metabolism: Transporters, Enzymes, and Excretion Drug-induced Liver Injury: General Concepts Definition Dimensions of the Problem Pathogenesis of DILI Hepatic Enzyme Measurement Types of DILI DILI during Treatment of Latent TB Infection Isoniazid Rifampin Isoniazid and Rifampin Pyrazinamide Rifampin and Pyrazinamide Rifabutin Ethambutol Fluoroquinolones Hepatotoxicity during Treatment of TB Disease Age over 35 Children Sex Cofactors Abnormal Baseline Transaminases Acetylator Status Other Factors Regimen HIV-infected Individuals Hepatitis B Hepatitis C DILI with Second-line Anti-TB Agents Recommendations regarding TB DILI Program Infrastructure Provider Education and Resources Pretreatment Clinical Evaluation Patient Education Medication Administration and Pharmacy Treatment of LTBI Treatment of TB Disease Priorities for Research of Hepatotoxicity in Treatment of LTBI and of TB Disease Conclusions
Population biology of Aureobasidium pullulans on apple leaf surfaces.

Colonization of apple leaves by the yeast-like fungus Aureobasidium pullulans was studied in the field on eight dates over 2 years. Population densities from adaxial leaf surfaces were approximately log10 0.5-2.6 U higher when enumerated directly along line transects as microscopic counts of A. pullulans cells specifically identified by fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) than indirectly as CFU obtained by plating leaf washings from comparable surfaces onto nutrient media. Site-specific mapping of the leaf landscape colonized by A. pullulans was facilitated by use of geographic information system (GIS) software. Colonization was plotted and analyzed both qualitatively (as occupancy) and quantitatively (as density). Overall, when expressed as mean occupancy per date, 22-42% of the microscope fields (each 0.196 mm2) contained > or = 1 A. pullulans cell. Occupancy on a microscope field basis was greater over the midvein (47-89%) or smaller veins (49-65%) than over interveinal regions (11-21%). Intensity of colonization, whether expressed as percentage of total A. pullulans cells associated with a particular leaf feature or as cell density per unit area, was also significantly greater (P < 0.05) over the veinal areas compared with the interveinal areas. The primary fungal morphotypes involved in colonization were blastospores, swollen cells, and chlamydospores; only infrequently were hyphae or pseudohyphae seen. Numbers of microcolonies (> or = 10 clustered cells) and percentage of total A. pullulans cells that occurred as microcolonies increased over the growing season and were significantly greater (P < 0.05) over veinal regions compared with interveinal regions. Locally high concentrations of A. pullulans were associated with naturally occurring micro-wounds in interveinal areas. We conclude that A. pullulans colonizes the phylloplane predominantly as single cells and groups thereof in a highly heterogeneous fashion and that sites exist that are relatively conducive (veins; wounds) or nonconducive (unwounded interveinal areas) for epiphytic fungal growth.
CARPAL TUNNEL SYNDROME IN PATIENTS ON LONG-TERM HAEMODIALYSIS

The purpose of this study was to describe the pathophysiology of carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS) in patients on long-term haemodialysis. We examined 110 patients, who had been having haemodialysis for chronic renal failure and had CTS, to clarify the clinical features and electrophysiological changes in peripheral nerves. There was a significant correlation between the incidence of CTS and the duration of haemodialysis. Compared with idiopathic CTS, CTS caused by long-term haemodialysis had relatively limited postoperative improvement. Symptoms recurred postoperatively in 11 patients (19%) of those with CTS caused by long-term haemodialysis. Electrophysiological measurements of sensory nerve conduction velocity showed that it was slower in distal segments of the median nerve in patients on haemodialysis compared with normal volunteers. Nerve conduction velocity in the carpal tunnel was significantly delayed (p < 0.05) in the patients with CTS on long-term haemodialysis. N9-13 interpeak latencies were significantly longer (p < 0.05) in subjects who had had haemodialysis for at least 10 years. All the patients with advanced destructive spondyloarthropathy had longer N9-13 interpeak latency. These results suggest that CTS in patients on long-term haemodialysis has its basis in neuropathy. The clinical course of CTS in these patients is different from that of patients with idiopathic CTS, because the neuropathy involves not only the carpal tunnel region, but also the proximal part of the median nerve both diffusely and progressively.
Expanding the phenotypic spectrum in EP300‐related Rubinstein–Taybi syndrome

Rubinstein–Taybi syndrome (RSTS) can be caused by heterozygous mutations or deletions involving CREBBP or, less commonly, EP300. To date, only 15 patients with EP300 mutations have been clinically described. Frequently reported manifestations in these patients include characteristic facial and limb features, varying degrees of neurocognitive dysfunction, and maternal preeclampsia. Other congenital anomalies are less frequently reported. We describe a child found to have a de novo EP300 mutation (c.4933C>T, predicted to result in p.Arg1645X) through research‐based whole‐genome sequencing of the family trio. The child's presentation involved dysmorphic features as well as unilateral renal agenesis, a myelomeningocele, and minor genitourinary anomalies. The involvement of congenital anomalies in all 16 clinically described patients with EP300 mutations (25% of which have been identified by “hypothesis free” methods, including microarray, exome, and whole‐genome sequencing) is reviewed. In summary, genitourinary anomalies have been identified in 38%, cardiovascular anomalies in 25%, spinal/vertebral anomalies in 19%, other skeletal anomalies in 19%, brain anomalies in 13%, and renal anomalies in 6%. Our patient expands the phenotypic spectrum in EP300‐related RSTS; this case demonstrates the evolving practice of clinical genomics related to increasing availability of genomic sequencing methods. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
UNESP - UNIVERSIDADE ESTADUAL PAULISTA CÂMPUS DE BOTUCATU INSTITUTO DE BIOCIÊNCIAS CÁLCIO E ETHEPHON NO DESENVOLVIMENTO E PRODUÇÃO DE ÓLEO ESSENCIAL DE MENTA (Mentha Piperita L.), CULTIVADA EM SOLUÇÃO NUTRITIVA

8 INTRODUCAO 9 REVISAO DE LITERATURA 12 CAPITULO I – Calcio e ethephon no desenvolvimento e producao de oleo essencial de Mentha piperita L. , cultivada em solucao nutritiva 29 CAPITULO II – Analise de crescimento e producao de oleo essencial de Mentha piperita L. em solucao nutritiva com variacao de calcio e ethephon 56 CONSIDERACOES FINAIS 89 CONCLUSOES 91 REFERENCIAS BIBLIOGRAFICAS 93 APENDICES 102
Minimization of the MuGFET contact resistance by integration of NiSi contacts on epitaxially raised source/drain regions

High parasitic S/D resistance is a major obstacle in realizing future generations of CMOS technologies using multiple gate devices with narrow fins. This makes selective epitaxial growth of Si in the S/D regions, the enabling process for multiple gate CMOS technologies. In this paper, we endeavor to integrate a low temperature selective epitaxial growth process and a low temperature NiSi process to form low resistance S/D contacts. Our experimental results show 34% and 11% improvement in parasitic S/D resistance of N-and P-channel multiple gate FETs with less than 20 nm wide fins respectively.
Modelado en pequeña señal de un transistor de efecto de campo de nanotubo de carbón (TECNTC) para aplicaciones en telecomunicaciones

En este trabajo se presenta un estudio del comportamiento est´atico (DC) y din´amico (AC) para TECNTC en configuraci´on coaxial y en compuerta central usando modelos anal´iticos que describen el transporte electr´onico en ambas estructuras, lo que permite determinar el comportamiento en DC para los dos TECNTC. Se obtienen las caracter´isticas en DC de un TECNTC coaxial para 3 di´ametros de nanotubo y para un TECNTC de doble compuerta para 3 longitudes de compuerta, de este estudio se determina que el cambio en los par´ametros geom´etricos afectan la respuesta en DC en cada uno de los TECNTC. Partiendo del an´alisis en DC de los 2 TECNTC, con el uso de un modelo el´ectrico en peque˜na se˜nal que describa adecuadamente la respuesta din´amica (AC) en los TECNTC y utilizando el software ADS, calculamos 2 figuras de m´erito S21 & ft intr´insecas y extr´insecas para el TECNTC coaxial y la ft intr´inseca para el TECNTC de doble compuerta para diferentes puntos de polarizaci´on, en donde observamos un cambio significativo al variar el di´ametro y la longitud de compuerta sobre cada una de las figuras de m´erito y al mismo tiempo realizamos una comparaci´on de las frecuencias de corte obtenidas con el modelo el´ectrico y la expresi´on anal´itica de la frecuencia de corte intr´inseca y extr´inseca.
A Wireless MEMS Inertial Switch for Measuring Both Threshold Triggering Acceleration and Response Time

Response time is one of the core attributes for threshold acceleration switches for determining the impact severity. Different from single function inertial switches for only converting circuit states, a wireless inertial microswitch incorporating the bistable flexible mechanism was designed and fabricated using multilayered microelectroforming technology, which can be used for remote detection of both the threshold acceleration and the corresponding response time in severe environments. The threshold snap-through characteristic of the nonlinear bistable mechanism has been introduced to achieve the threshold acceleration sensing capability. The switch mainly consists of one wireless module, one proof mass supported by two pairs of ultralong V-shaped slender beams with the dimension of 28.0~μ m × 25.0 μm × 5150.0 μm, and two contact points for recording triggering times through the high speed sending and receiving wireless module. Then, an accurate design model for analyzing the threshold acceleration and the dynamic response time was established. The 20 repeated experimental results are in good agreement under the same triggering threshold acceleration of 32.38 g, in which, the response time with the traveling distance of 530.0~μm is 179.80 ± 0.20 ms.
Contribution à la construction d’ontologies et à la recherche d’information : application au domaine médical

Ce travail vise a permettre un acces efficace a des informations pertinentes malgre le volume croissant des donnees disponibles au format electronique. Pour cela, nous avons etudie l’apport d’une ontologie au sein d’un systeme de recherche d'information (RI). Nous avons tout d’abord decrit une methodologie de construction d’ontologies. Ainsi, nous avons propose une methode mixte combinant des techniques de traitement automatique des langues pour extraire des connaissances a partir de textes et la reutilisation de ressources semantiques existantes pour l’etape de conceptualisation. Nous avons par ailleurs developpe une methode d’alignement de termes francais-anglais pour l’enrichissement terminologique de l’ontologie. L’application de notre methodologie a permis de creer une ontologie bilingue de la maladie d’Alzheimer.Ensuite, nous avons elabore des algorithmes pour supporter la RI semantique guidee par une ontologie. Les concepts issus d’une ontologie ont ete utilises pour decrire automatiquement les documents mais aussi pour reformuler les requetes. Nous nous sommes interesses a : 1) l’identification de concepts representatifs dans des corpus, 2) leur desambiguisation, 3), leur ponderation selon le modele vectoriel, adapte aux concepts et 4) l’expansion de requetes. Ces propositions ont permis de mettre en œuvre un portail de RI semantique dedie a la maladie d’Alzheimer. Par ailleurs, le contenu des documents a indexer n’etant pas toujours accessible dans leur ensemble, nous avons exploite des informations incompletes pour determiner les concepts pertinents permettant malgre tout de decrire les documents. Pour cela, nous avons propose deux methodes de classification de documents issus d’un large corpus, l’une basee sur l’algorithme des k plus proches voisins et l’autre sur l’analyse semantique explicite. Ces methodes ont ete evaluees sur de larges collections de documents biomedicaux fournies lors d’un challenge international.
Mutation of Light-dependent Phosphorylation Sites of the Drosophila Transient Receptor Potential-like (TRPL) Ion Channel Affects Its Subcellular Localization and Stability*

Background: Drosophila TRPL is a cation channel of the phototransduction cascade that undergoes light-dependent subcellular translocation between cell compartments. Results: Drosophila TRPL exhibits a light-dependent phosphorylation pattern required for its stable localization in the rhabdomere of photoreceptor cells. Conclusion: Multiple phosphorylation sites control localization and stability of TRPL. Significance: A member of the TRP ion channel family displays a complex phosphorylation pattern with functional relevance. The Drosophila phototransduction cascade terminates in the opening of the ion channel transient receptor potential (TRP) and TRP-like (TRPL). Contrary to TRP, TRPL undergoes light-dependent subcellular trafficking between rhabdomeric photoreceptor membranes and an intracellular storage compartment, resulting in long term light adaptation. Here, we identified in vivo phosphorylation sites of TRPL that affect TRPL stability and localization. Quantitative mass spectrometry revealed a light-dependent change in the TRPL phosphorylation pattern. Mutation of eight C-terminal phosphorylation sites neither affected multimerization of the channels nor the electrophysiological response of flies expressing the mutated channels. However, these mutations resulted in mislocalization and enhanced degradation of TRPL after prolonged dark-adaptation. Mutation of subsets of the eight C-terminal phosphorylation sites also led to a reduction of TRPL content and partial mislocalization in the dark. This suggests that a light-dependent switch in the phosphorylation pattern of the TRPL channel mediates stable expression of TRPL in the rhabdomeres upon prolonged dark-adaptation.
Dextromethorphan as a Potential Neuroprotective Agent With Unique Mechanisms of Action

Background:Dextromethorphan (DM) is a widely-used antitussive. DM's complex central nervous system (CNS) pharmacology became of interest when it was discovered to be neuroprotective due to its low-affinity, uncompetitive N-methyl-d-aspartate (NMDA) receptor antagonism. Review Summary:Mounting preclinical evidence has proven that DM has important neuroprotective properties in various CNS injury models, including focal and global ischemia, seizure, and traumatic brain injury paradigms. Many of these protective actions seem functionally related to its inhibitory effects on glutamate-induced neurotoxicity via NMDA receptor antagonist, sigma-1 receptor agonist, and voltage-gated calcium channel antagonist actions. DM's protection of dopamine neurons in parkinsonian models may be due to inhibition of neurodegenerative inflammatory responses. Clinical findings are limited, with preliminary evidence indicating that DM protects against neuronal damage. Negative findings seem to relate to attainment of inadequate DM brain concentrations. Small studies have shown some promise for treatment of perioperative brain injury, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, and symptoms of methotrexate neurotoxicity. DM safety/tolerability trials in stroke, neurosurgery, and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis patients demonstrated a favorable safety profile. DM's limited clinical benefit is proposed to be associated with its rapid metabolism to dextrorphan, which restricts its central bioavailability and therapeutic utility. Systemic concentrations of DM can be increased via coadministration of low-dose quinidine (Q), which reversibly inhibits its first-pass elimination. Potential drug interactions with DM/Q are discussed. Conclusions:Given the compelling preclinical evidence for neuroprotective properties of DM, initial clinical neuroprotective findings, and clinical demonstrations that the DM/Q combination is well tolerated, this strategy may hold promise for the treatment of various acute and degenerative neurologic disorders.
Cell Wall Glucans of the Yeast and Mycelial Forms of Paracoccidioides brasiliensis

Glucans were isolated from the cell wall of the yeast (Y) and mycelial (M) forms of Paracoccidioides brasiliensis. The alkali-soluble glucan of the Y form had properties of α-1,3-glucan. The alkali-insoluble glucan of the M form was identified as a β-glucan which contains a β-(1 → 3)-glycosidic linkage by infrared absorption spectrum, by effect of β-1,3-glucanase, and by partial acid hydrolysis. The alkali-soluble glucans of the M form were a mixture of α- and β-glucans and the ratio of α- to β-glucan was variable, depending on the preparations.
Advances in interpretation of subsurface processes with time‐lapse electrical imaging

Electrical geophysical methods, including electrical resistivity, time‐domain induced polarization, and complex resistivity, have become commonly used to image the near subsurface. Here, we outline their utility for time‐lapse imaging of hydrological, geochemical, and biogeochemical processes, focusing on new instrumentation, processing, and analysis techniques specific to monitoring. We review data collection procedures, parameters measured, and petrophysical relationships and then outline the state of the science with respect to inversion methodologies, including coupled inversion. We conclude by highlighting recent research focused on innovative applications of time‐lapse imaging in hydrology, biology, ecology, and geochemistry, among other areas of interest. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
OPTIMAL ERROR ESTIMATES OF THE LDG METHOD FOR WILLMORE FLOW

In [23], we developed a LDGmethod for the for the Willmore flow of graphs and gave a rigorous proof for its energy stability. In this method the basis functions used are discontinuous in space. The LDG discretization also results in a high order accurate, extremely local, element based discretization. In particular, the LDG method is well suited for hp-adaptation, which consists of local mesh refinement and/or the adjustment of the polynomial order in individual elements. In this paper, we will present the optimal error analysis for the LDG method of the Willmore flow of graphs on Cartesian meshes. The analysis is made for the fully nonlinear case and the results are valid for all space dimension d ≤ 3 and polynomial degree k ≥ 1. We generalize the analysis to fully nonlinear case comparing with analysis for linear fourth order equation in [13]. We also obtain the optimal accuracy results comparing with the results for continuous linear finite element method in [12]. The DG method is a class of finite element methods, using discontinuous, piecewise polynomials as the solution and the test space. It was first designed as a
Anillin Is a Substrate of Anaphase-promoting Complex/Cyclosome (APC/C) That Controls Spatial Contractility of Myosin during Late Cytokinesis*[boxs]

Anillin, an actin-binding protein localized at the cleavage furrow, is required for cytokinesis. Through an in vitro expression screen, we identified anillin as a substrate of the anaphase-promoting complex/cyclosome (APC/C), a ubiquitin ligase that controls mitotic progression. We found that the levels of anillin fluctuate in the cell cycle, peaking in mitosis and dropping drastically during mitotic exit. Ubiquitination of anillin required a destruction-box and was mediated by Cdh1, an activator of APC/C. Overexpression of Cdh1 reduced the levels of anillin, whereas inactivation of APC/CCdh1 increased the half-life of anillin. Functionally, anillin was required for the completion of cytokinesis. In anillin knockdown cells, the cleavage furrow ingressed but failed to complete the ingression. At late cytokinesis, the cytosol and DNA in knockdown cells underwent rapid myosin-based oscillatory movement across the furrow. During this movement, RhoA and active myosin were absent from the cleavage furrow, and myosin was redistributed to cortical patches, which powers the random oscillatory movement. We concluded that anillin functions to maintain the localization of active myosin, thereby ensuring the spatial control of concerted contraction during cytokinesis.
Accurate DS-CDMA Packet-Error Rate Analysis in Rayleigh Fading

We present new packet-error rate (PER) analysis for both slotted and unslotted direct-sequence spread-spectrum packet communication systems in a slow Rayleigh fading environment. Based on the accurate improved Gaussian approximation, we derive closed-form expressions for the cumulative probability distribution function of the signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratio in binary phase-shift keying (PSK), quadratic PSK, and differential PSK-based code-division multiple-access (CDMA) systems having different types of chip waveforms including bandwidth-efficient waveforms. This leads to new accurate unified expressions for the PERs that account for bit-to-bit error dependence, which are valid for packets with unequal power levels. These new results facilitate accurate computation of the throughput performance of CDMA-based ALOHA local radio networks
A Position Model in Evaluating the Levels of Information Technology Adoption for SMEs in the Business Network

Information Technology (IT) is computer application and infrastructure that leverage intra and inter firm process and systems integration [Pant and Ravichandran, 2001]. There are many solutions provided by vendors and different levels of implementations for firms to adopt. Nevertheless, few strategic decision making and categorising models have been developed for managers and industrial practitioners. Based on previous literature, this research is designed to propose a level of IT adoption model by categorising factors. With the empirical data of Taiwanese Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs), the authors discuss the proposed model in terms of its applicability, limitation, and future research. Moreover, factors such as business network positions and firm sizes are drawn in to enhance current researches on Supply Chain Integration and B2B eCommerce implementation.
What Determines the Quality of E-Government Services in the UAE? Presenting a Framework

The rapid and increasingly universal acceptance of online transactions has resulted in governments providing an increasingly wide range of online services to the general public. The successful experience of launching e-government portals and services, including transactional ones, in the industrialised countries has led to the United Arab Emirates (UAE) to adopt similar such models for a wide array of public service entities. Although there is now a considerable literature on the various aspects of the efficiency, effectiveness and customer satisfaction with regard to e-government services, the majority of the associated analytical frameworks and models were not designed within the sociocultural context of the Arabian Gulf and its business environment. The purpose of this study is therefore to identify and present a framework on the quality determinants of the e-services which are currently provided by the UAE’s Ministry of Interior (MOI) to the public. As these services are already in place, it will focus in particular on a theoretical model and the mechanisms by which these services can be adapted and enhanced.