Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
LncRNA DSCAM-AS1 Promotes Proliferation, Migration and Invasion of Colorectal Cancer Cells via Modulating miR-144-5p/CDKL1

Background LncRNA DSCAM-AS1 is oncogenic in several cancers. However, DSCAM-AS1 expression and function in colorectal cancer (CRC) remain far from being fully elucidated. Methods Paired CRC tissues/adjacent tissues were collected, and the expression levels of DSCAM-AS1, miR-144-5p and CDKL1 were examined by qRT-PCR; DSCAM-AS1 shRNA was transfected into HCT-116 and SW480 cell lines to establish cell models. The proliferation was detected through CCK-8 assay and plate colony formation assay. Transwell assay was used to evaluate the migration and invasion. QRT-PCR and western blot were adopted to analyze changes in miR-144-5p and CDKL1; luciferase reporter gene assay was performed to determine the regulatory relationship between miR-144-5p and DSCAM-AS1, miR-144-5p and CDKL1. Results DSCAM-AS1 was notably up-regulated in CRC samples, positively correlated with CDKL1 expression, while negatively correlated with miR-144-5p. After the transfection of DSCAM-AS1 shRNAs into cancer cells, the proliferative and metastatic ability of cancer cells were impeded. DSCAM-AS1 could reduce the expression level of miR-144-5p by binding with it. Additionally, CDKL1 was also validated as a target gene of miR-144-5p, and DSCAM-AS1 was proved to indirectly regulate CDKL1 expression. Conclusion DSCAM-AS1 was aberrantly up-regulated in CRC, and it can modulate the cells proliferative and metastatic ability. It has the ability to be the “ceRNA” to regulate CDKL1 expression via sponging miR-144-5p.
Sensitivity equations for measure-valued solutions to transport equations.

We consider the following transport equation in the space of bounded, nonnegative Radon measures $\mathcal{M}^+(\mathbb{R}^d)$:$$ ∂_t\mu_t + ∂_x(v(x) \mu_t) = 0. $$We study the sensitivity of the solution $\mu_t$ with respect to a perturbation in the vector field, $v(x)$. In particular, we replace the vector field $v$ with a perturbation of the form $v^h = v_0(x) + h v_1(x)$ and let $\mu^h_t$ be the solution of $$ ∂_t\mu^h_t + ∂_x(v^h(x)\mu^h_t) = 0. $$We derive a partial differential equation that is satisfied by the derivative of $\mu^h_t$ with respect to $h$, $∂artial_h(\mu_t^h)$. We show that this equation has a unique very weak solution on the space $Z$, being the closure of $\mathcal{M}(\mathbb{R}^d)$ endowed with the dual norm $(C^{1,\alpha}(\mathbb{R}^d))^*$. We also extend the result to the nonlinear case where the vector field depends on $\mu_t$, i.e., $v=v[\mu_t](x)$.
COMPARATIVE STUDY OF ANTIMICROBIAL ACTIVITY OF INDIAN SPICES

Antibiotic toxicity and multi drug resistant pathogens are the two greatest challenges being faced by today's medical world. In the present study, the antimicrobial activity of spices has been investigated as an alternative to antibiotics in order to tackle these dangers. In search of bioactive compound, methanol and acetone extract of 5 Indian spices were screened for antibacterial property. The choice of spice as an alternative is based on two basic reasons: firstly, plants have been the model source of medicine since ancient times and secondly, the increasing acceptance of herbal medicines by general population methanolic and acetone extracts were used to determine antibacterial properties of the spices. The antibacterial activity of five common Indian spices namely clove, ajwain, turmeric, dalchini and black pepper against two bacteria and . The results revealed that the methanol extracts of spices (MIC values of 20-100 µl/ml) have high antimicrobial activities on all test organisms (range of inhibition, 6-16 mm) as compare to acetone extracts of spices in same concentration. Results concluded that these spices contain high amount of secondary metabolites due to these metabolites they have high antimicrobial activity and it can be used as good bio- preservater and it can also use for medicinal purpose.
An Evaluation of Congenital Malformations Surveillance in New York State: An Application of Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) Guidelines for Evaluating Surveillance Systems

Established in 1982, the New York State Congenital Malformations Registry (NYCMR) is one of the largest statewide, population-based birth defects registries in the nation. In this article, we evaluate the surveillance of congenital malformations in New York State using the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) guidelines for evaluating public health surveillance systems. In addition to the evaluation of selected qualitative and quantitative system attributes, we assess the public health significance and usefulness of the surveillance system and how well it is meeting its stated objectives. The NYCMR uses passive case ascertainment, relying on reports from hospitals and physicians. A congenital malformation is defined as any structural, functional, or biochemical abnormality determined genetically or induced during gestation and not due to birthing events. In addition to being the primary source of congenital malformations surveillance data in New York State, the NYCMR also provides cases for traditional epidemiological studies to determine risk factors for specific congenital malformations. The NYCMR has been working to meet its stated objectives while striving to improve its qualitative and quantitative attributes. Registry personnel have implemented several measures designed to enhance the simplicity of the data collection and data entry processes, as well as to maintain the acceptability of the surveillance system to the reporting sources. Because it is a statewide, population-based surveillance system, by far the strongest quantitative attribute of the NYCMR is representativeness. The sensitivity of the NYCMR is difficult to evaluate. Available estimates suggest, however, that the NYCMR identifies a large proportion of children born with congenital malformations in New York State and diagnosed from birth through two years of life. Finally, the NYCMR has in recent years been able to publish and disseminate annual reports describing the distribution of specific malformations in New York State on a timely basis.
Heterogeneity of microglia and their differential roles in white matter pathology

Microglia are resident immune cells that play multiple roles in central nervous system (CNS) development and disease. Although the classical concept of microglia/macrophage activation is based on a biphasic beneficial‐versus‐deleterious polarization, growing evidence now suggests a much more heterogenous profile of microglial activation that underlie their complex roles in the CNS. To date, the majority of data are focused on microglia in gray matter. However, demyelination is a prominent pathologic finding in a wide range of diseases including multiple sclerosis, Alzheimer's disease, and vascular cognitive impairment and dementia. In this mini‐review, we discuss newly discovered functional subsets of microglia that contribute to white matter response in CNS disease onset and progression. Microglia show different molecular patterns and morphologies depending on disease type and brain region, especially in white matter. Moreover, in later stages of disease, microglia demonstrate unconventional immuno‐regulatory activities such as increased phagocytosis of myelin debris and secretion of trophic factors that stimulate oligodendrocyte lineage cells to facilitate remyelination and disease resolution. Further investigations of these multiple microglia subsets may lead to novel therapeutic approaches to treat white matter pathology in CNS injury and disease.
Lead-Based Paint Health Risk Assessment in Dependent Children Living in Military Housing

Objective. In children, lead can cause serious permanent damage as a neurotoxicant. The objectives of the study were to evaluate potential exposure to lead-based paint in family housing units at a typical U.S. military installation and determine blood lead (PbB) levels in children ages 6 years or younger residing in these housing units. Methods. The authors conducted a risk assessment of 1,723 housing units and occupants at Fort Devens in Massachusetts. Data from the military dependent cohort was compared to estimates for the U.S. national population as reported from Phase 1 of the Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES III). Results. A total of 1992 individuals (1,009 males and 983 females) were screened for PbB, stratified into age groups, and separated into racial/ethnic categories. Four (0.3%) dust samples and 59 (11.6%) internal and 298 (77.8%) external paint chip samples contained hazardous levels of lead. The geometric mean PbB concentration for people ages 1 year and older reported by NHANES III was 2.8 μg/dL, compared with 1.5 μg/dL for the military installation cohort (p<0.0001). PbB levels were higher for males than for females and higher for blacks than whites 6 years of age and older. Hispanics had lower PbB concentrations for all age groups except for those ages 1–2.9 years. Prevalence of PbB levels >10 μg/dL for all age groups was 1.6% in the military cohort, compared with 4.5% for the general population. For ages 1–2.9 years, no blacks or Hispanics and 0.6% of whites had PbB levels >10 μg/dL, compared with 21.6% of blacks, 10.1% of Hispanics, and 8.5% of whites for the general population. For ages 3–5.99 years, 0.15% of blacks, 0% of Hispanics, and 0.3% of whites had PbB levels ≥10 μg/dL, compared with 20.0% of blacks, 6.8% of Hispanics, and 3.7% of whites for the general population. Conclusion. Lead exposure for occupants of on-post military housing is much less than for those residing in the civilian sector.
Thyroid Hormone Protects from Fasting-Induced Skeletal Muscle Atrophy by Promoting Metabolic Adaptation

Thyroid hormones regulate a wide range of cellular responses, via non-genomic and genomic actions, depending on cell-specific thyroid hormone transporters, co-repressors, or co-activators. Skeletal muscle has been identified as a direct target of thyroid hormone T3, where it regulates stem cell proliferation and differentiation, as well as myofiber metabolism. However, the effects of T3 in muscle-wasting conditions have not been yet addressed. Being T3 primarily responsible for the regulation of metabolism, we challenged mice with fasting and found that T3 counteracted starvation-induced muscle atrophy. Interestingly, T3 did not prevent the activation of the main catabolic pathways, i.e., the ubiquitin-proteasome or the autophagy-lysosomal systems, nor did it stimulate de novo muscle synthesis in starved muscles. Transcriptome analyses revealed that T3 mainly affected the metabolic processes in starved muscle. Further analyses of myofiber metabolism revealed that T3 prevented the starvation-mediated metabolic shift, thus preserving skeletal muscle mass. Our study elucidated new T3 functions in regulating skeletal muscle homeostasis and metabolism in pathological conditions, opening to new potential therapeutic approaches for the treatment of skeletal muscle atrophy.
The emotion regulation effect of cognitive control is related to depressive state through the mediation of rumination: An ERP study

Deficits in cognitive control have been found in depression, but how they contribute to depressive symptoms remains unknown. The present study investigated whether the regulatory efficacy of cognitive control on negative emotion varies with depression level and whether the regulatory efficacy affects depressive symptoms via the mediation of rumination. Fifty participants screened by the Zung Self-Rating Depressive Scale (SDS) with high and low depression levels were selected. They were instructed to controlled-process different semantic representations of aversive pictures, and the amplitude of the late positive potential (LPP) evoked by the pictures was used as the measure of electrocortical response. We found that controlled-processing neutral representations of aversive pictures significantly decreased the amplitude of LPP relative to that under controlled-processing unpleasant ones in an early window in the low depression group and that this regulatory effect was impaired in the high depression group. Furthermore, a mediation analyses indicated that the regulatory efficacy of controlled-processing different semantic representations was associated with SDS score via the mediation of rumination. These findings shed light on the mechanisms underlying the association between the function of cognitive control in emotion generation and depressive symptoms and indicated a pathway from the regulatory efficacy of cognitive control to depression via rumination.
Osteonecrosis of the jaws associated with the use of zoledronic acid in multiple myeloma patients

Osteonecrosis of the jaws has recently been identified as a complication in patients treated with bisphosphonates. We report two case-reports of patients with multiple myeloma treated with zoledronic acid who had developed osteonecrosis of the mandible. The duration of treatment with zoledronic acid was 13 months in each case, with a cumulative zoledronic acid dose of 72 mg in one case and 144 mg in the other. The lesions were resistant to conservative debridement, surgery and antibiotic therapy. Clinicians should be aware of this potential serious complication i.e. bone necrosis in multiple myeloma patients receiving long-term treatment with potent bisphosphonates. It is recommended to perform dental examination to identify and treat all predisposing conditions before bisphosphonate treatment is started.
Propofol: Effects on the Central Nervous System

Propofol remains a popular agent for providing intraoperative anesthesia as well as sedation during mechanical ventilation in the intensive care unit (lCU) setting. In addition to its sedative/anxiolytic properties, propofol hasbeen shown to have several beneficial effects on central nervous system (CNS) parameters such as cerebral metabolic rate for oxygen, cerebral blood flow, and intracranial pressure. These properties have been demonstrated in both laboratory animals and in clinical investigations in humans. This article reviews the available literature concerning the effects of propofol on CNS dynamics and discusses its possible application as a therapeutic agent in patients with altered intracranial compliance and/or increased intracranial pressure.
ADMA and hyperhomocysteinemia

Hyperhomocysteinemia is a risk factor for cardiovascular disease and stroke. Like many other cardiovascular risk factors, hyperhomocysteinemia produces endothelial dysfunction due to impaired bioavailability of endothelium-derived nitric oxide (NO). The molecular mechanisms responsible for decreased NO bioavailabil ity in hyperhomocysteinemia are incompletely understood, but emerging evidence suggests that asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA), an endogenous inhibitor of NO synthase, may be a key mediator. Homocysteine is produced during the synthesis of ADMA and can alter ADMA metabolism by inhibiting dimethylarginine dimethy laminohydrolase (DDAH). Several animal and clinical studies have demonstrated a strong association between plasma total homocysteine, plasma ADMA, and endothelial dysfunction. These observations suggest a model in which elevation of ADMA may be a unifying mechanism for endothelial dysfunction during hyper homocysteinemia. The recent development of transgenic mice with altered ADMA metabolism should provide further mechanistic insights into the role of ADMA in hyperhomocysteinemia.
Previous Medical Problems in 326 Consecutive Hip Fracture Patients

Pre-existing medical problems of elderly patients with hip fracture are seldom considered in orthopaedic literature, although they are indisputably the most important determinants for mortality, morbidity and final outcome. It is the purpose of this study to determine these problems in our hip fracture patients. Previous medical disorders and treatments, age, sex and type of fracture were prospectively recorded from all patients over 65 years old, diagnosed with hip fracture in a tertiary university general hospital during 2004. There were 326 patients who fractured their hip (81.04 hip fractures/100,000 people/year) (83.6±7.3 years old) (85.3% female). The patients’ existing medical conditions included hypertension (53% of patients), diabetes (19%), dementia (18%), cerebrovascular disease (11%), cataracts and/or blindness (10%), cardiac arrhythmia (9%), chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (9%), heart failure (8%), ischaemic heart disease (7%), psychiatric disorders other than dementia (7%), peptic ulcer (7%), and Parkinson’s disease (5%); only 7% had no known significant medical problem beyond their fracture. Cardiovascular and neurological disorders, the most frequent, were also the most dangerous as potential sources for complications and difficulties during anaesthesia, surgery, immediate postoperative period and rehabilitation. Diabetes, the second most frequent diagnosis, complicated any other existing condition. (Hip International 2006; 16: 57-61)
Books Received

The health significance of antioxidants in foods is of increasing public health interest and concern. Fortynine expert contributors cover the full range from the basic chemistry of free radicals to the effect of diet on the antioxidant status of humans and its significance for health and disease. Five chapters are devoted to dietary and other antioxidants and five to proposed modes of action of antioxidants. Individual chapters deal with antioxidants and cardiovascular disease, cancer, diseases of the eye, neurological diseases, ageing, and the potential health effects of tocotrienols and α-lipoic acid. For the most part, the evidence is reviewed in a balanced manner and the difficulties of distinguishing the protective effects of a diet rich in antioxidants from the effects of the antioxidants per se is acknowledged. In general, the effects of antioxidants on disease are neither consistent nor conclusive, except for therapeutic doses of vitamin E and heart disease. It is clear that although much is now known about dietary antioxidants and health, the final answers are elusive. Nevertheless, current knowledge of dietary antioxidants is highly suggestive of potential benefits, and there is currently no better coverage of this important topic.
Oritavancin Diphosphate

Each month, subscribers to The Formulary Monograph Service receive 5 to 6 well-documented monographs on drugs that are newly released or are in late phase 3 trials. The monographs are targeted to Pharmacy & Therapeutics Committees. Subscribers also receive monthly 1-page summary monographs on agents that are useful for agendas and pharmacy/nursing in-services. A comprehensive target drug utilization evaluation/medication use evaluation (DUE/MUE) is also provided each month. With a subscription, the monographs are sent in print and are also available on-line. Monographs can be customized to meet the needs of a facility. A drug class review is now published monthly with The Formulary Monograph Service. Through the cooperation of The Formulary, Hospital Pharmacy publishes selected reviews in this column. For more information about The Formulary Monograph Service, call The Formulary at 800-322-4349. The December 2014 monograph topics are olodaterol, peginterferon beta-1a, testosterone nasal gel, ferric citrate corredination complex, and safinamide. The Safety MUE is on olodaterol.
Mitochondrial DNA sequence variation in patients with sensorineural hearing impairment and in the Finnish population

Sensorineural hearing impairment (SNHI) is a well-recognized manifestation of mitochondrial diseases and occurs either in a non-syndromic form or as a part of a syndrome. Mitochondrial deafness is bilateral, usually progressive and is inherited maternally. Approximately 70% of patients with the most common syndromes, Kearns-Sayre, MELAS or MERRF, have SNHI. Several mutations in mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) have been found to cause non-syndromic SNHI, including 1555A>G, 7445T>C, 7472insC and 7511T>C. In order to estimate prevalences of pathogenic mtDNA mutations in population-based cohorts of patients with SNHI, we obtained samples from 133 patients with SNHI, reportedly representing 117 separate maternal lineages. We found five patients with the 3243A>G mutation and three with the 1555A>G mutation, whereas the other point mutations associated with SNHI were absent. The frequencies of the mutations in the cohort were thus 4.3 % for 3243A>G and 2.6 % for 1555A>G, suggesting a total frequency of 6.9 % for mtDNA mutations known to be associated with hearing
HER-2/neu Expression in Resectable Gastric Cancer and its Relationship with Histopathologic Subtype, Grade, and Stage

Objective HER-2/neu is overexpressed in diverse human cancers. Studies suggest a role of this protein in tumor progression by specifically promoting the invasive capacity of tumor cells. Our aim was to evaluate HER2/neu overexpression in resectable gastric cancer in 100 North-Eastern Iranian patients and to assess the relationship between its expression and clinicopathologic tumor parameters. Materials and Methods Indirect immunostaining was employed to evaluate the expression of this receptor in formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tissue samples. Results HER-2/neu overexpression was present in 26 (26%) of 100 gastric carcinomas. This was significantly more common in the intestinal type of gastric cancer (33%) compared to diffuse (5%) or the mixed type (0%). HER-2/neu overexpression was also more common in well-differentiated gastric cancers versus other grades (41% vs 7%). However, it was not associated with gender, age at diagnosis or stage. Conclusion HER-2/neu overexpression is common in gastric carcinoma and more prevalent in intestinal and welldifferentiated subtypes. There is no correlation between HER-2/neu expression and tumor stage. The relatively high percentage of HER-2/neu positive tumors may provide a useful target for immunotherapy of these cancers.
Acetabular version and long posterior wall cup in total hip replacement

This study discusses the definition of operative, anatomic and radiographic acetabular anteversion and their effect on a long posterior wall cup. In this cadaveric study, anteversion was modelled radiographically with a Charnley double wire marker Long Posterior Wall (LPW) cup and the position of the long posterior wall was studied with relation to different anteversion angles, and also correlated with computer generated line diagrams of the acetabular cup. The position of a long posterior wall varies when different types of anteversion are applied. By increasing the operative anteversion the long posterior wall comes to lie inferiorly and the advantage of the long posterior wall is lost. In light of prior confusion with definitions and in an attempt to make the terms more relevant to the surgical technique we propose the simplified alternate terms of ‘flexion-anteversion’ previously called ‘operative anteversion’, ‘internal rotation-anteversion’ previously called ‘anatomic anteversion’ and ‘combined anteversion’ previously called ‘radiographic anteversion’. If the surgeon elects to use LPW it is important to understand the effect of each type of anteversion on eventual position of the raised wall. (Hip International 2008; 18: 11-6)
The Four Coins Question: A Brief Cognitive-Functioning Assessment Tool for Counselors

Counseling Association by Dr. Garry R. Walz and Dr. Jeanne C. Bleuer of Counseling Outfitters, LLC. Its purpose is to provide a means of capturing the ideas, information and experiences generated by the annual ACA Conference and selected ACA Division Conferences. Papers on a program or practice that has been validated through research or experience may also be submitted. This digital collection of peer-reviewed articles is authored by counselors, for counselors. VISTAS Online contains the full text of over 500 proprietary counseling articles published from 2004 to present.