Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Fragmented Fat Transfer for Massive Weight Loss Gluteal Contouring

Summary: A recently introduced novel fragmentation technique has made it possible to convert fat tissue from apronectomy into large-scale viable lipograft, providing a glimpse of an alternative to traditional liposuction and its harvesting limitations. The purpose of this study was to assess the initial clinical evidence on fragmented fat transfer to restore volume and enhance deflated gluteal contours in a sample of massive weight loss patients. The authors retrospectively reviewed medical records of 20 women who received autologous buttock fat grafts that were harvested and fragmented following belt lipectomies and/or fleur-de-lis abdominoplasties. The average total volume subcutaneously grafted into the buttocks was 720 ml (bilateral), ranging from 500 ml to 960 ml. No local gluteal complications, such as seroma, infection, fat necrosis, or subcutaneous nodulations, were reported. Photographic observation of postoperative results over a 6- to 14-month follow-up period showed clear enhancement of body contouring in all patients, especially in those in whom fat transfer was combined with circumferential lifts. Fat fragmentation has proved useful and effective in providing great amounts of viable fat graft in a safe, simple, and reproducible technique without noticeable complications. The method eliminates the organic response to the insult of liposuction while using the entirety of formerly discarded apronectomy tissue to provide fine, transferable, autologous fat without increasing operative time. Although preliminary, the authors’ clinical findings with this new technique support further studies of fragmented fat as an alternative to liposuction in gluteal fat grafting. Additional potential applications, including in wound healing and regenerative medicine, are worth exploring. CLINICAL QUESTION/LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: Therapeutic, IV.
E¡ect of halothane on the release of [Ca]i in dorsal root ganglion neurons

We investigated the e¡ect of the volatile anaesthetic halothane on [Ca]i of dorsal root ganglion neurons.Halothanewas able to increase [Ca]i in those neurons in a dose-dependent manner and independent of extracellular calcium. However, halothane action was inhibited by BAPTA-AM, suggesting the involvement of intracellular calcium stores. Dantrolene, an inhibitor of ryanodine-sensitive calcium stores had no e¡ect while 2-APB, an inhibitor of IP3-sensitive calcium store reduced by 78% the halothane-evoked increase on [Ca]i.These data suggests that halothane increased [Ca]i of ganglion neurons through calcium release from IP3-sensitive calcium store.Onepossible consequence of thehalothane action is to alter presynaptic activity and signaling pathways that in£uence neurotransmission. NeuroReport 15:1187^1190 c 2004 LippincottWilliams &Wilkins.
NANOS Symposium on Optic Neuritis and Multiple Sclerosis Contemporary Immunomodulatory Therapy for Multiple Sclerosis

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is no longer considered an unmanageable disease. Five drugs have obtained regulatory approval to safely and effectively modify the course of MS. Three preparations of interferon —Avonex (interferon -1a), Betaseron (interferon -1b), and Rebif (interferon 1a)—have shown efficacy in relapsing-remitting MS and show promise in slowing the course of secondary progressive MS. Glatiramir acetate (Copaxone) has demonstrated efficacy in relapsing-remitting MS, and is being tested for the management of primary progressive disease. Mitoxantrone (Novantrone) has been approved for secondary progressive and progressive relapsing MS. There is a tendency toward early diagnosis and treatment based on the hypothesis that treatment effectiveness declines with advancing disease.
Expression of MicroRNA-221 in Korean Patients with Multiple Myeloma

Multiple myeloma (MM) is the leading cause of death among hematologic neoplasms. Recently, microRNA has been reported to be useful in the diagnosis of multiple myeloma. This study examined whether miR-221 could be used as a diagnostic marker for multiple myeloma. The study was performed on 20 patients with multiple myeloma without any other hematological diseases. MicroRNA extraction was performed using formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) tissues obtained from the bone marrow of patients with multiple myeloma. miR-15a, miR-16, miR-21, miR-181a, and miR-221 were selected as the microRNA target genes for multiple myeloma. The significance of microRNA was based on a fold change of <1.5. To quantify the fold changes, data normalized to the human gene, SNORD43, were used as the values of the patient group. Fold change values greater than 1.5 were defined as “overexpression”, whereas values less than -1.5 were defined as “underexpression”. Of note, 65.0% (13/20) of samples showed significant “overexpression” in the levels of miR-221 expression and plasma cells with a group of more and less than 30% in MM patients did not show any significance of plasma cell (P<0.05). The results of other studies showing a correlation between the expression of miR-221 and MM in Caucasians were confirmed. These results suggest that miR-221 may be a useful indicator for diagnosing patients with MM. In conclusion, miR-221 is useful in the diagnosis and determining the prognosis of multiple myeloma in Koreans.
Associated With Functional Damage

We studied isolated basilar artery segments from a rabbit model of chronic cerebrovasospasm. Autologous blood placed around the basilar artery of rabbits killed 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, or 9 days later caused narrowing of the segments with a biphasic time course. The first (immediate) phase was reversed by intra-arterial papaverine; the second phase exhibited an increasing component of narrowing that was papaverine-insensitive. Based on the passive force/length curves, basilar artery segments became increasingly stiff over 9 days. By contrast, the segments' contractility decreased. Responses of the basilar artery segments were greater over the first few days, but then became less than that of saline-injected controls. Contractions in response to norepinephrine and potassium were reduced. Endothelium-based acetylcholine-induced vasodilation progressively diminished, as did the response to sympathetic nerve stimulation. There was a negative correlation between artery wall stiffness and contractility. The papaverineinsensitive component of angiographic narrowing correlated directly with loss of contractility and with artery wall stiffness. These results are consistent with the conclusion that increased artery wall stiffness is a primary determining factor in the arterial narrowing of chronic cerebrovasospasm. {Stroke 1990;21:1478-1484)
Intimal proliferation is initiated by the migration of medial smooth muscle cells into neointima and their subsequent proliferation after endothelial disruption

INTIMAL PROLIFERATION IS thought to be initiated by the migration and proliferation of smooth muscle cells after endothelial damage. These changes may be induced, in part, by mitogenic growth factors such as insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1). This study was designed to investigate the role of locally synthesized IGF-1 and its receptor in the arterial wall in response to the exposure to periarterial blood. Rat femoral arteries were exposed to periarterial blood for various time periods (control, 1, 3, 7, 14, and 21 d). Total ribonucleic acid was extracted from the arteries of 10 to 15 animals, and the expression of IGF-1 messenger ribonucleic acid in treated and untreated arteries was analyzed using dot blot analysis. To identify and localize IGF-1 receptors on the arterial walls, an in situ ligand binding of IGF-1 to the arterial sections was utilized using [ 125I]IGF-1 as a tracer. Our results revealed that luminal narrowing was maximum at 7 days posttreatment. Intimal proliferation occurred at 14 and 21 days. The results of dot blot analysis showed that the expression of IGF-1 messenger ribonucleic acid was increased four-fold by Day 3 and remained elevated up to 7 days, then gradually decreased. In situ [ 125I]IGF-1 binding to the normal rat femoral artery localized IGF-1 receptors to the arterial wall. There was a marked increase in the number of receptors at 3 and 7 days after treatment with periarterial blood. These results suggest that locally synthesized IGF-1 and its receptor may function in an autocrine and/or paracrine loop as part of the response of the arterial wall to periarterial blood, resulting in intimal proliferation.
BPagetoid[ Eccrine Carcinoma of the Vulva: Report of an Unusual Case With Review of the Literature

h Abstract: Sweat gland carcinoma of the vulva is rare and may be classified as being of eccrine, apocrine, or mixed origin. Most reported cases of vulvar sweat gland carcinomas associated with extramammary Paget disease describe a tumor of apocrine origin. We report a case of a vulvar sweat gland carcinoma of eccrine origin associated with Pagetoid extension. A review of the literature and the differential diagnosis are also presented. To our knowledge, this is the second case of vulvar sweat gland carcinoma of eccrine origin associated with extramammary Paget disease. h
Central b-adrenergic modulation of cognitive £exibility

Situational stressors and anxiety impede performance on creativity tests requiring cognitive £exibility. Preliminary research revealed better performance on a task requiring cognitive £exibility, the anagram task, after propranolol (b-adrenergic antagonist) than after ephedrine (b-adrenergic agonist). However, propranolol and ephedrine have both peripheral and central b-adrenergic e¡ects. In order to determine whether noradrenergic modulation of cognitive £exibility is a centrally or peripherally mediated phenomenon, we compared the e¡ects of propranolol (peripheral and central b-blocker), nadolol (peripheral b-blocker), and placebo on anagram task performance. Solution latency scores for each subjectwere compared across the drug conditions. Anagram solution latency scores after propranolol were signi¢cantly lower than after nadolol. This suggests a centrally mediated modulatory in£uence of the noradrenergic system on cognitive £exibility. NeuroReport13:2505^2507 c 2002 LippincottWilliams &Wilkins.
OPERATIVE NUANCES

Accepted, March 6, 2002. TRANSSPHENOIDAL MICROSURGERY IS a well-established neurosurgical procedure that has become the standard of care in the management of the majority of pituitary tumors and a select group of other sellar lesions. The safety of the procedure depends on the surgeon’s adherence to certain anatomic concepts. Foremost among these concepts is the necessity of preserving the integrity of the arachnoid membrane covering the tumor dome and avoiding vascular injuries in the cavernous sinus. The objective of this article is to demonstrate the sequential steps of a transsphenoidal microsurgical procedure for the removal of a pituitary tumor in light of the anatomic concepts discussed, with the goal of preventing complications and achieving the best possible outcome.
PERIOPERATIVE NEUROPROTECTION SYMPOSIUM Mechanisms of Neuronal Death and Neuroprotection

Worldwide, millions die annually from ischemic brain damage due to stroke, subarachnoid hemorrhage, head trauma, shock, and postischemic injury following resuscitation from cardiac arrest. Many thousands of others either die or suffer permanent neurologic impairment following surgical procedures that are at risk for inducing cerebral hypoxia/ischemia. Neurologic morbidity and mortality are the consequences of both necrotic and apoptotic cell death. Effective neuroprotective interventions must therefore target mechanisms that contribute to both of these pathways.
RECOVERY FROM TRAINING: A BRIEF REVIEW

Athletes spend a much greater proportion of their time recovering than they do in training. Yet, much attention has been given to training with very little investigation of recovery. The purpose of this review is to stimulate further research into this vital area of training. Recovery can be categorized in three terms: i) immediate recovery between exertions; ii) short-term recovery between repeats (e.g., between resistance sets or interval bouts); and iii) training recovery between workouts. The focus of this review is training recovery. Full training recovery is essential to optimal performance and improvement. This review includes an examination of extant research on recovery and a very brief review of some potential modalities and techniques for hastening recovery and the time course of recovery and responses to some treatments. Measures of recovery and practical considerations are discussed briefly. Much research is needed in this area, but there are obstacles to high quality research. Attention must be given to key issues in research on recovery, especially the individual response to recovery
A Program of Research in Knowledge Translation

F nearly four decades, nurse researchers have been interested in understanding what influences the use of research findings in clinical practice. Parallel to the rapid development of evidence-based medicine from the early 1990s, nursing research activity in this area also increased rapidly (Estabrooks, Winther, & Derksen, 2004). Positive signs in the development of the science base in the knowledge translation field have included increased sophistication of research designs (e.g., Davies et al., 2002; Jones et al., 2004), use of increasingly sophisticated statistical techniques (Estabrooks, 1999), increased use of qualitative methods (e.g., Rycroft-Malone et al., 2004; Wallin, Profetto-McGrath, & Levers, 2005), and serious attempts to advance theoretical development in the field (Estabrooks, Thompson, Lovely, & Hofmeyer, 2006; Kitson, Harvey, & McCormack, 1998; Logan & Graham, 1998; Rycroft-Malone et al., 2002; Stetler, 2001). Despite these signs of improvement, the knowledge translation field, specifically in nursing, remains seriously undeveloped in its ability to offer empirically based or tested interventions for enhancing research uptake (Bero et al., 1998; Grimshaw et al., 2004). Investigators in this field face numerous and significant challenges, among them:
Nuclear factor-kB activation is not involved in a MPTP model of Parkinson's disease

Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Philipps-University of Marburg, Ketzerbach 63, D-35032 Marburg; Department of Neurology, Ruprecht-Karls-University of Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 400, D-69120 Heidelberg; Research Centre Karlsruhe; Institute of Toxicology and Genetics, P.O. Box 3640, D-76021 Karlsruhe, Germany Present address: Behavioural Neurobiology Laboratory, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology ZuÈrich, Schorenstrasse 16, CH-8603 Schwerzenbach, Switzerland
Dinoprostone Vaginal Insert for Cervical Ripening and Labor Induction: A Meta-Analysis

skin at the lateral fornices not be incised, and the whole uterosacral complex is clamped along with the vaginal wall without separation. This helps to reduce bleeding and also maintains the support to the upper vagina. We believe the bladder dissection is easier when performed vaginally, but the dissection is carried out with scissors and not bluntly as suggested by some. However, we fail to understand why the dissection performed vaginally should be any more extensive than that carried out by the abdominal route. Until there are data to support the concerns raised, they just add to the list of reasons used by the surgeons to avoid performing the hysterectomy by the vaginal route.
Evaluación clínica de la inestabilidad segmental lumbar en población trabajadora

Introducción: en la literatura existen estudios que determinan que, al menos una vez en su vida, el 70 % u 80 % de la población ha presentado dolor lumbar inespecífico, generando un impacto en el sistema de seguridad social por su alta implicación en costos de tratamientos, incapacidades y ausentismo laboral. Debido a su comportamiento cíclico, cerca del 90 % de los diagnósticos son clasificados como inespecíficos; sin embargo no se cuenta con instrumentos evaluativos que permitan realizar diagnósticos diferenciales e identificar las de ciencias estructurales y funcionales. Objetivo: diseñar un instrumento que permita identificar las de ciencias estructurales y funcionales en inestabilidades segmentales de la columna lumbar. Materiales y métodos: este estudio fue desarrollado mediantes cinco fases: revisión de la literatura, propuesta de la herramienta de examinación, consenso de expertos, prueba piloto y aplicación a 17 trabajadores del sector de servicios generales. Resultados: el instrumento contó con un componente subjetivo y uno objetivo. Los resultados de las pruebas de estabilidad postero-anterior determinaron que el 29 % de los trabajadores presentaron de ciencias tanto funcionales como estructurales; la prueba de estabilidad en prono fue positiva en el 18 % de los casos, aunque fueron asintomáticos en el componente subjetivo. Conclusiones: desde la ergonomía es importante contemplar evaluaciones del trabajador, que integren la valoración de de ciencias funcionales y estructurales para fines preventivos del desorden musculosqueletico y rehabilitación funcional laboral.
Gender Differences in the Quality of Life of Children with Asthma

Objective: The aim of this study was to analyse the impact of gender differences using the Pediatric Asthma Quality of Life Questionnaire (PAQLQ) following daily inhaler corticosteroid therapy in children and adolescents with persistent asthma. Materials and Methods: Children between 7-17 years of age with a diagnosis of persistent asthma who were not on daily inhaler corticosteroid therapy were involved. At enrollment, sociodemographic and asthmatic characteristics were investigated and pulmonary function test (PFT), asthma control test (ACT) and PAQLQ were administered. Patients were reevaluated following six weeks of regular inhaler therapy and ACT, PAQLQ and PFT were repeated. The scores from these tests were compared by gender. Results: Out of 62 patients, 27 (43.5%) were female. Although the mean FEV1% and the mean FEV1/FVC ratios of PFT for girls both at enrollment and following 6 weeks of daily inhaler therapy were statistically higher than the ratios for boys, the mean symptom scores, and activity scores and total scores of PAQLQ were significantly lower in girls both at enrollment and following therapy. The mean ACT scores for girls and boys were similar at enrollment but were significantly higher in boys following daily inhaler therapy (p=0.025). The activities with the most limitation due to asthma were running (88.6%), going upstairs (54.3%) and climbing (22.9%) for girls and running (83.3%), playing football (73.8%) and going upstairs (28.6%) for boys. Conclusion: Gender affects the quality of life in children with asthma. The girls had lower quality of life. This could be due to girls being more emotional and more subjective about their illnesses.
A Structural Proxy for Hospital Quality?

A growing body of literature supports the premise that the quantity and quality of nursing care is an important factor in providing patient safety, particularly with respect to reduction in adverse events and possibly mortality. The number and quality of studies has grown substantially since the Institute of Medicine concluded in 1996 that there was insufficient evidence to conclude if, and how, nurse staffing affects indicators of hospital quality, such as adverse events and mortality. Only recently, however, have such studies been of national scope, with capacity to generalize beyond one state or beyond academic medical centers. The study reported by Person and colleagues in this issue of Medical Carestrengthens the relationship between nurse staffing and mortality, the latter as an indicator of hospital quality of care. Using a large, nationally representative sample they tested the hypothesis that “nurse staffing ratios are associated with quality of care that is attributable to nursing. ” Most important, they demonstrated that these ratios had an effect on in-hospital and 30-day mortality independent of patient characteristics, medical treatment, and hospital characteristics. The odds of dying from first-time acute myocardial infarction (AMI) in hospital or by 30-days post hospital were significantly lower in hospitals with richer registered nurse (RN) to average daily census ratios and higher in those with higher licensed practical nurse (LPN) to patient ratios, independent of patient characteristics, medical treatment, and hospital characteristics. This study, like all the nationally-representative studies, suffers the weakness of deriving the nurse staffing ratios from administrative databases and using the hospital as the level of analysis. Indeed, the authors caution us against extrapolating these hospitallevel findings to specific care-giving units to derive mandated ratios for medical-surgical, obstetrical units, and the like. However, in contrast to all other large nationallyrepresentative staffing studies, this one had a detailed database of clinical variables derived from chart review for the target population. This allowed the careful adjustment for individual patient and clinical characteristics, for hospital characteristics (such as a condition-specific technology index), and for derivation of quality indicators for medical treatment of AMI. Thus, the common concern that the role of nursing care cannot be disentangled from the role of medical treatment of the outcome of mortality was largely put to rest in these analyses. What we cannot know from this careful analysis is what specific clinical and organizational processes attributable to nursing might have accounted for the differences in mortality with the 2 models of staffing. The authors conclude that this structural
Catastrophizing and HealthRelated Quality of Life: A 6Year Followup of Patients with Chronic Low Back Pain

A pain rehabilirarion model that fmused,on emotions was implemented to injluence catastrophizing bx and health-related quality of life (HRQL) for; persons with chronic low back pain. Twelve individuals, 7 men and 5 women (aged 33 to 57 years), all with long-tenn pain despite treatment, were inclu&d in the study and a single case research experimental design (SCRED) was used to follow the patterns of coping with pain for 6 years. The HRQL was measured before and 6 years after the intervention. Coping strategies and HRQL were evaluated with the Coping Strategy Questionnaire (CSQ) and the SF-36, respectively. The evaluation of pain coping strategies after 3 years found decreased catustmphizing, a decrease that had continued 3 years later: HRQL showed sign$cantly improved mental health and impaired physical capacity at the 6-year follow-up. Changes in camtrophizing or in HRQL did not appear to influence selfscored bodily pain. Altered catastmphiung appeared to be a long-tenn pmcess. l l i s research indicates the need for rehabilitation programs to assess and evaluate patients’ pain and their need for improved quality of life, rather than focusing only on the elimination of pain. Ragnhild Raak is a registered nurse and doctoral student in the Department of Medicine and Care, Faculty of Health Sciences, Linkoping University in Linkoping, Sweden. Karin Wikblad is a registered nurse and associate professor in the Department of Medicine and Care, Faculty of Health Sciences, Linkoping University. Anders Raak is a senior medical oficer in the Health Department at SAAB Aerospace in L i n ~ p i n g . Marianne Carlsson is a psychologist and associated professor in the Department of Public Health and Caring Sciences, Section for Caring Sciences, Uppsala University in Uppsala, Sweden. Lis Karin Wahren is a biomedical laboratory technologist and associate professor in the Department of Medicine and Care, Faculty of Health Sciences, Linkoping University. Address correspondence to Ragnhild Raak, Department of Medicine and Care, Pharmacology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Linkoping University, SE-581 85 Linkoping, Sweden, e -mi l : ragnhild.raak@imv.liu. se.