Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Long-term administration of (-)deprenyl (selegiline), a compound which facilitates dopaminergic tone in the brain, leaves the sensitivity of dopamine receptors to apomorphine unchanged.

The effect of repeated administration of the MAO-B enzyme blocker (-)deprenyl on the apomorphine (APO) sensitivity of dopamine (DA) receptors was investigated in rats, and compared to the effect of other drugs influencing the dopaminergic system. APO was given either in a high dose (0.1-0.6 mg/kg), which induces stereotyped behaviour or in a smaller one (0.02 mg/kg) causing sedation. Repeated administration of all the other drugs investigated (except (-)deprenyl), i.e. haloperidol, d-amphetamine, (1 mg/kg s.c., respectively) and the MAO-A blocker clorgyline (0.25 mg/kg s.c.) altered the efficiency of APO on the stereotypy. Haloperidol, clorgyline (0.5 mg/kg s.c.) and imipramine (10 mg/kg i.p.) attenuated the APO-sedation. The long-lasting administration of (-)deprenyl (0.25 mg/kg s.c., daily for 42 days) however, left the effects of APO unchanged, demonstrating that (-)deprenyl facilitates the dopaminergic tone in the rat brain without altering the sensitivity of DA receptors.
Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder Trajectories From Childhood to Young Adulthood: Evidence From a Birth Cohort Supporting a Late-Onset Syndrome.

IMPORTANCE The requirement of a childhood onset has always been a key criterion for the diagnosis of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in adults, but recently this requirement has become surrounded by controversy. OBJECTIVE To investigate whether impaired young adults with ADHD symptoms always have a childhood-onset disorder in a population-based longitudinal study. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS Participants belonged to the 1993 Pelotas Birth Cohort Study, including 5249 individuals born in Pelotas, Brazil, in 1993. They were followed up to 18 to 19 years of age, with 81.3% retention. The data analysis was performed between August 8, 2015, and February 5, 2016. MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES The ADHD status was first ascertained at 11 years of age using a screening instrument (hyperactivity subscale of the Strength and Difficulties Questionnaire) calibrated for a DSM-IV ADHD diagnosis based on clinical interviews with parents using the Development and Well-Being Assessment. At 18 to 19 years of age, ADHD diagnosis was derived using DSM-5 criteria, except age at onset. We estimated the overlap between these groups assessed at 11 and 18 to 19 years of age and the rates of markers of impairment in these 2 groups compared with those without ADHD. RESULTS At 11 years of age, childhood ADHD (C-ADHD) was present in 393 individuals (8.9%). At 18 to 19 years of age, 492 individuals (12.2%) fulfilled all DSM-5 criteria for young adult ADHD (YA-ADHD), except age at onset. After comorbidities were excluded, the prevalence of YA-ADHD without comorbidities decreased to 256 individuals (6.3%). Children with C-ADHD had a male preponderance not observed among children without ADHD (251 [63.9%] vs 1930 [47.9%] male, P < .001), whereas the YA-ADHD group had a female preponderance (192 [39.0%] vs 1786 [50.4%] male, P < .001). Both groups had increased levels of impairment in adulthood, as measured by traffic incidents, criminal behavior, incarceration, suicide attempts, and comorbidities. However, only 60 children (17.2%) with ADHD continued to have ADHD as young adults, and only 60 young adults (12.6%) with ADHD had the disorder in childhood. CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE The findings of this study do not support the assumption that adulthood ADHD is necessarily a continuation of childhood ADHD. Rather, they suggest the existence of 2 syndromes that have distinct developmental trajectories.
Epidemiology, diagnosis, and management of depression in patients with CKD.

A 58-year-old Hispanic man who has been dialysis dependent for 2 years because of diabetic nephropathy reports depressive symptoms during dialysis rounds. For the past 6 weeks, he has had reduced energy and difficulty sleeping and concentrating. He reports a loss of interest in his usual hobbies and family activities and notes an increasing sense of feeling worthless and guilty. He denies suicidal ideation. Medical history includes diabetic retinopathy and neuropathy, coronary artery disease treated with 4-vessel coronary artery bypass grafting 3 years ago, ischemic cardiomyopathy with an ejection fraction of 30%, and cerebrovascular disease. His wife recently has been given a diagnosis of breast cancer. His medications are aspirin, metoprolol, lisinopril, simvastatin, sevelamer, and epoetin alfa. His blood pressure is 130/75 mm Hg, pulse is 65 beats/min, and cardiac and pulmonary examination results are unremarkable. He is interviewed by the social worker in the dialysis unit, who diagnoses clinical depression by using standard Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (Fourth Edition) (DSM IV) criteria. The patient refuses to discuss his problems with the social worker and declines further psychiatric evaluation. His nephrologist discusses a trial of antidepressant medication, but the patient refuses to use additional medication. During the next month, the patient presents with greater interdialytic weight gains and begins to come late for dialysis sessions. He then presents to a dialysis session reporting dyspnea and orthopnea and is found to have a 10-kg weight gain. On physical examination, blood pressure is 196/96 mm Hg and he has increased jugular venous pressure and bibasilar crackles. He is admitted to the hospital with a diagnosis of congestive heart failure.
VSC for reactive power control of transmission line with fast response

The STATCOM is shunt connected devices of Flexible AC Transmission Systems (FACTS) family using the principles of power electronics. A new multilevel voltage-source inverter with separate dc sources is proposed for high-voltage, high-power applications. This paper discuss about implementation of VSC by using cascade H-bridge for reactive power compensation of transmission line. Conventional control and Fuzzy control schemes are implemented in order to achieve the complete close-loop operations achieve effective reactive power control. These control schemes are simulated for the real-time control along with real-time modeling and simulations. Relative Harmonic analysis is discussed. The results are prominent and give a way for real-time implementation
Calculation of cost-minimal resources for the operation of electrical networks

Operation expenditures for electrical networks are mainly caused by costs of resources, e. g. field service personnel, agency staff, material and tools. These resources are required for executing processes for maintenance, fault clearance as well as for investment projects. The network operatorpsilas resource allocation strategy for operating the network strongly depends on available resources and long-term planning of predictable processes. This paper presents a newly developed method for optimizing resources for the operation of electrical networks. For this, all relevant influencing factors on resource allocation, e.g. uncertain fault occurrences or stochastic durations of processes, have to be considered. As a result, minimal costs for operating the network may be quantified for network system operators in an objective manner. Functionality and practicality of the developed method are shown exemplarily based on a data set for maintenance and fault clearance for 65 high voltage substations.
Sustainability, Dynamic Capabilities, and Innovation

Hart and Milsten (2003) argue firms are ill equipped to address sustainability issues from a strategic perspective. Literature developed about sustainability practices so far tends to focus on matters such as knowledge of available tools and their use, pressures from stakeholders, regulations and product development (see for example, Sharma and Henriques, 2005; Schaltegger, Windolph and Herzig, 2012; Gond et al. 2012). At a macro level concern in the literature has been over the need to decouple economic growth from environmental impact (Zhang, 2000), whereas at the corporate level the reverse has become a focal point as firms seek competitive survival through their sustainability orientated investments (Burritt and Schaltegger, 2012). Investments in innovative cleaner process and product technologies and stakeholder engagement can be integrated, in a strategic way, through administrative innovations in order to leverage the full benefit from sustainability thinking. However, to date little research has been conducted on the internal dynamic processes that managers of organizations use to identify and develop long-term sustainability innovation and improved sustainability performance. Hence, the research problem explored is: What are the internal capabilities of a firm which lead to innovations to secure strategic advantages from investments in sustainability.
Foreign travel and the risk of harm

Systematic data on the risk of fatal and non-fatal injury from external causes to those who travel abroad for purposes of business or pleasure are seldom recorded and are consequently hard to come by. In this paper, the risk of fatal injuries to foreign travellers using historical and newly acquired data from national databases is estimated. Overall, it appears from these data that the risk of fatal injury to foreign travellers lies in the range of 20 to 90 per 100 000 person-years of exposure for many destinations worldwide, although different rates may pertain in selected situations where special conditions apply, for example, where there is heavy participation in risky sports or increased driving. This level of fatal injury risk is not noticeably different from that of staying in one's home country if one lives in a Western-style industrial country, although the types of hazards responsible may vary in type and proportion. With increasing levels of travel, and the growing popularity of more adventurous pursuits, it is possible that risks could be increasing in this sector.
Market Risk and Liquidity of the Risky Bonds

In this paper, we present effect of the liquidity on risky bonds pricing. The liquidity effect is represented by the adjustment to the single price format. We begin with bid-ask pricing format and it helps to observe effect of the liquidity on each step of pricing. In the first section, we present simplified scheme when default can occur only at maturity. Next, we present discrete time approximation for default occurrence.
Optical transition process in AgOx super‐resolution near‐field structure

A sandwiched 15 nm AgOx thin film of the super‐resolution, near‐field optical disk was studied using a confocal Z‐scan system. Nonlinear optical properties of quartz glass/ZnS–SiO2 (170 nm)/AgOx (15 nm)/ZnS–SiO2 (40 nm) were measured using a Q‐switch Nd : YAG pulse laser of wavelength 532 nm, pulse width 0.7 ns, and 15.79 kHz repetition rate. Transmittance and reflectance of the sandwiched AgOx thin film show important optical responses at the focused position of Z‐scan. The dissociation processes of AgOx, recombination of the silver and oxygen, and the resonance of the localized surface plasmon of the nano‐composites of the AgOx thin film are correlated to transmittance and reflectance at the focused position of the Z‐scan for different input laser powers. An irreversible upper threshold intensity of 4.40 × 106 mW cm−2 at the focused position was found. A reversible working window of the focusing intensity between 1.86 × 106 and 4.40 × 106 mW cm−2 was measured with sandwiched AgOx thin film alone. The near‐field interactions of the AgOx thin film and the recording layers of super‐resolution near‐field optical disk are also discussed.
Present Situation and Strategy of Scientific Research Funds in Local Comprehensive Universities

The management of scientific research funds forms an important part of college scientific research management.By investigating the present situation of the scientific research funds management in a local comprehensive university in Jiangsu Province,this paper analyzes the problems commonly found in the scientific research funds management.In order to cope with these problems better,this paper proposes some solutions to improve the management.
An Analytical Study of the Facebook Content Management Strategies of Dominos India

This paper attempts to take a dive into the Facebook marketing approaches and tactics of Dominos India. With this paper, there has been an effort to analyse the content at the Facebook page of Dominos, while trying to figure out which kind of content was able to build more relationship with the consumers on the basis of number of likes, shares and comments. A relationship between the aforementioned variables has also been established using the Pearson Correlation Coefficient. Also, a simple linear regression model has been applied to these variables to further prove on this relationship in order to attest to the fact that more posts on the Facebook page result in higher traffic and better engagement. Facebook marketing is about indulging in quality interactions with the consumers and then tapping their sentiments. An online brand community can be built to engage with consumers and brands thus have an opportunity to exploit the potential of social media. A brand community is a non-geographical, virtual community pertaining to a brand built on the foundations of the social relations among the various stakeholders/admirers of the brand. To develop a brand community the companies create a page on Facebook concerning a particular brand. The advantage of such a community is that not only it leverages a wider reach for a particular brand but it also lets all the members build connections around the brand. Here, the freely expressed opinion of individuals can be recorded and the results can be quantified to gauge changes over time. Analysis on the gathered data can be done using various analytical tools. An Analytical Study of the Facebook Content Management Strategies of Dominos India
SCAI appropriate use criteria for peripheral arterial interventions: An update

Andrew J. Klein, MD, FSCAI1 | Michael R. Jaff, DO, FSCAI2 | Bruce H. Gray, DO, FSCAI3 | Herbert D. Aronow, MD, MPH, FSCAI4 | Robert M. Bersin, MD, MPH, FSCAI5 | Larry J. Diaz-Sandoval, MD, FSCAI6 | Robert S. Dieter, MD, RVT, FSCAI7 | Douglas E. Drachman, MD, FSCAI8 | Dmitriy N. Feldman, MD, FSCAI9 | Osvaldo S. Gigliotti, MD, FSCAI10 | Kamal Gupta, MD, FSCAI11 | Sahil A. Parikh, MD, FSCAI12 | Duane S. Pinto, MD, MPH, FSCAI13 | Mehdi H. Shishehbor, DO, MPH, PhD, FSCAI14 | Christopher J. White, MD, MSCAI15
Evaluation and deployment of an industrial spring-based RFID reader antenna

Context-aware scenarios require sensing technologies to obtain information about the environment. The RFID EPC Gen2 technology is the de facto standard in such scenarios like retail. However, covering a large surface with RFID antennas to implement a full context-aware system requires a huge investment. We present the design, implementation and evaluation of a helical antenna based on a low-cost standard industrial spring. With a simple fixation to the ground plane and a simple matching mechanism, the antenna achieves a gain of 6 dBi. We evaluate the performance of the proposed RFID reader antenna in real retail store environments.
Towards an optimal restart strategy for genetic programming

The traditional approach to genetic programming attempts to find optimal individuals in a single run. This approach can suffer from premature convergence (Goldberg, 1989). Attempting to minimize this pitfall continues to be an area of active research. Two methods that have shown promise are the implementation of a restart policy and the use of parallel multi-population island models. This work compares the performance of the island model and other restart policies. The comparison is conducted over a range of complexities and problem domains to determine if the difficulty of a problem or the domain has any bearing on which policy will be most successful. A domain independent methodology for determining the complexity of a problem domain was proposed by Tomassini et al (2005) which defines the complexity of any problem in terms of a single value called the fitness distance correlation. Structural distance (Ekart and Nemeth, 2002) provides a convenient method to calculate the distance between any two program trees. Using the structural distance, it becomes possible to calculate the fitness distance correlation (fdc) for a particular problem domain. The importance of the fdc metric is that it provides a quantifiable relationship between the fitness of an individual and its distance from the ideal individual. This value can be used to gauge problem complexity (Tomassini et al, 2005). The plot in figure 1 shows the general trends encountered using dynamic restart. Regardless of problem complexity, the best restart momentum was around four generations.
A Diarylquinoline Drug Active on the ATP Synthase of Mycobacterium tuberculosis

The incidence of tuberculosis has been increasing substantially on a worldwide basis over the past decade, but no tuberculosis-specific drugs have been discovered in 40 years. We identified a diarylquinoline, R207910, that potently inhibits both drug-sensitive and drug-resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis in vitro (minimum inhibitory concentration 0.06 μg/ml). In mice, R207910 exceeded the bactericidal activities of isoniazid and rifampin by at least 1 log unit. Substitution of drugs included in the World Health Organization's first-line tuberculosis treatment regimen (rifampin, isoniazid, and pyrazinamide) with R207910 accelerated bactericidal activity, leading to complete culture conversion after 2 months of treatment in some combinations. A single dose of R207910 inhibited mycobacterial growth for 1 week. Plasma levels associated with efficacy in mice were well tolerated in healthy human volunteers. Mutants selected in vitro suggest that the drug targets the proton pump of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) synthase.
Market Markaları ve Üretici Markalarına Yönelik Tüketici Algılamaları

The proliferation of private brands of grocery products reflects a major shift in the product mix offered by retailers Store brands provide consumers with a competitive alternative to manufacturer brands Store brands offer lower prices owing to their lower manufacturing costs inexpensive packaging minimal advertising and lower overhead costs This article reports the results of an empirical study measuring consumers’ perceptions of the manufacturer brands and store brands Profiles of cleaning products were constructed using semantic differential responses from consumers Survey method was used in collecting data and it was administered to the customers of hypermarkets in Adana city Profile differences are analyzed statistically and implications discussed
Ultrasonographic findings of papillary thyroid carcinoma with Hashimoto's thyroiditis.

OBJECTIVE Papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) sometimes occurs with Hashimoto's thyroiditis (HT). It is often difficult to differentiate between benign and malignant nodules in HT because HT varies greatly on ultrasonography. We aimed to characterize the ultrasonographic features of PTC with HT. PATIENTS AND METHODS In this retrospective study, 2167 patient records (1897 women and 270 men) were examined for ultrasonographic features and thyroid autoantibodies between 1998 and 2002 at our university. Patients with Graves' disease, positive TSH receptor autoantibody (TRAb) or thyroid-stimulating antibody (TSAb) were excluded. PTC was diagnosed by pathological examination. RESULTS Of the 1644 patients who were autoantibody negative (MCHA, TGHA, TgAb, TPOAb), 54 (3.3%) had PTC, while 29 (5.5%) of the 523 patients who were autoantibody positive had PTC. On ultrasonography, the frequency of dense calcification in patients with HT was significantly higher (P=0.0064) and frequency of psammoma bodies was less than PTC patients without HT (P<0.0001). On the other hand, PTC with HT had more irregular shapes and ill-defined edges of the borders with less hypoechogenecity and calcification than PTC without HT, but the difference was not significant. CONCLUSION The frequency of psammoma bodies in PTC with HT was less, while dense calcifications were greater than in those of PTC without HT. Any type of ultrasonographic calcification features may represent a risk for PTC.
Institutional Demand for Locally-Grown Food in Vermont: Marketing Implications for Producers and Distributors

Institutional food service operations have shown increasing interest in locally grown foods, and are providing a business opportunity for farmers and distributors. The purpose of this paper is to present and discuss the results and implications of a survey assessing institutional food service operations in Vermont. We used the 4 P’s (price, product, place, and promotion) Marketing Mix framework to highlight marketing strategies for farmers and distributors wanting to increase their sales of local food to institutions.
Reduced Electromagnetic Edge Scattering Using Inhomogeneous Anisotropic Impedance Surfaces

Electromagnetic scattering characteristics highly depend on the geometry and material property of the scatterers. In particular, electromagnetic wave scattering occurs at the discontinuity of the propagation path, such as the edge of a scatterer. In this paper, the edge scattering from a triangular object is largely reduced by patterning the triangular surface with inhomogeneous and anisotropic impedance surface. Because surface waves propagate toward the direction with the lower surface refractive index on an anisotropic surface, the direction of the wave propagation can be controlled by designing the distribution of the refractive index. Consequently, the proposed anisotropic impedance surfaces can make the current flows toward or away from the edge so that the edge scattering can be reduced or redirected to a different angle. For demonstration, anisotropic unit cells are analyzed and designed. Also, the anisotropic impedance surfaces are simulated, fabricated, and measured. Here we propose two types of impedance profiles, which are capable of changing the surface current direction either toward or away from the scattering edge. The experimental measurement demonstrates a 7–10 dB edge scattering reduction.
Developmental Perspectives: is the Fetus Conscious?

Advances in prenatal care, including diagnostic studies and imaging techniques, have allowed many serious anatomic fetal anomalies to be identified in earlier gestation, affording the possibility of fetal therapy and treatment before irreversible damage occurs. Although the anesthetic management for these fetal interventions often depends on the type of fetal lesion involved, it has been accepted practice to provide anesthesia and analgesia to both the mother, via maternal general anesthesia and maternal analgesic administration, and to the fetus, via placental transfer. The general anesthesia and analgesia provide ideal surgical conditions, minimize pain for the mother, reduce the fetal stress response, and may potentially ameliorate fetal pain. However, the development of minimally invasive techniques for fetal intervention have called into question the need to provide any maternal anesthetic at all and, by extension, any fetal anesthetic. This has brought the question of the potential for fetal pain to the fore. Although discussions of fetal pain are complicated and controversial, there is little disagreement about the capacity of the fetus to generate a physiochemical stress response from early gestation. Indeed, human fetal endocrine responses to stress have been demonstrated from as early as 18 weeks gestation. Such a response to nociceptive stimuli in and of itself would not seem to qualify as a fetal experience of pain. Pain, according to the International Association for the Study of Pain, is an unpleasant sensation which may be associated with actual or potential