Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
FINGER TREMOR IN TABETIC PATIENTS AND ITS BEARING ON THE MECHANISM PRODUCING THE RHYTHM OF PHYSIOLOGICAL TREMOR

In a recent paper, Marshall and Walsh (1956) have considered various possible explanations of the tremor with a characteristic peak frequency of 8 to 10c. /sec. which is associated with muscular contraction in healthy subjects. Among other theories, they consider but reject the hypothesis that tremor may be due to oscillation round the " servo-loop " from muscle spindle to muscle (Halliday and Redfearn, 1956; Hammond, Merton, and Sutton, 1956). Three reasons are given for rejecting this hypothesis: (1) The similarity of the frequency of tremor in muscles having short neural pathways to the cord with that in muscles of the distal parts of the extremities; (2) the fact, reported by them, that young children show a tremor rhythm of low frequency, whereas reflex time increases with growth and might be expected to produce a slower rhythm as it did so; (3) evidence which is taken to show that tremor persists following deafferentation. The present paper is concerned with the third of these reasons. Under this heading, two authorities are cited (Lashley, 1917; Altenburger, 1937), but neither appears to offer sufficiently good grounds for settling the matter one way or the other. Lashley's paper deals not with a deafferented limb but with a leg rendered anaesthetic from the knee downwards following an injury to the cord at a higher level. It is true that in this case the knee jerks were absent, and this might appear to indicate additional damage to the reflex arc, but, as Kuhn (1951) has pointed out, permanent arreflexia is a not uncommon sequel to spinal transection at a higher level. It cannot therefore be regarded as conclusive evidence of damage to the reflex arc itself. The relevance of the clinical assessment of the tendon jerk to the activity of the stretch reflex will be considered further in the discussion. In any case, Lashley only mentions the 10 c. /sec. rhythm in a single sentence at the end of
Brucellosis Reactivation after 28 Years

Suggested citation for this article: Ogredici O, Erb S, Langer I, Pilo P, Kerner A, Haack HG,. et al. Brucellosis reactivation after 28 years. Emerg Infect Dis [serial on the Internet]. 2010 Dec [date cited]. http://dx.doi. org/10.3201/eid1612.100678
Learning to grasp by using visual information

This paper presents a solution to the problem of manipulation control: target identification and grasping. The proposed controller is designed for a real platform in combination with a monocular vision system. The objective of the controller is to learn an optimal policy to reach and to grasp a spherical object of known size, randomly placed in the environment. In order to accomplish this, the task has been treated as a reinforcement problem, in which the controller learns by a trial and error approach the situation-action mapping. The optimal policy is found by using the Q-learning algorithm, a model free reinforcement learning technique, that rewards actions that move the arm closer to the target. The vision system uses geometrical computation to simplify the segmentation of the moving target and determines an estimate of the target parameters. The simulated knowledge has been ported on the industrial robot manipulator PUMA 560. Experimental results demonstrate the effectiveness of the adaptive controller that does not require an explicit global target position using direct perception of the environment.
Treating Major Depression by Creating Positive Expectations for the Future: A Pilot Study for the Effectiveness of Future‐Directed Therapy (FDT) on Symptom Severity and Quality of Life

Introduction: This nonrandomized pilot study assesses the efficacy of a new future‐oriented form of therapy, known as future‐directed therapy (FDT), as a treatment for patients with Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) in a naturalistic hospital‐based outpatient psychiatry clinic. The study measured symptom severity of depression and anxiety, in addition to quality of life pre‐ and posttreatment.
Salmonella enterica Serovar Gallinarum Requires the Salmonella Pathogenicity Island 2 Type III Secretion System but Not the Salmonella Pathogenicity Island 1 Type III Secretion System for Virulence in Chickens

ABSTRACT Salmonella enterica serovar Gallinarum is a host-specific serotype that causes the severe systemic disease fowl typhoid in domestic poultry and a narrow range of other avian species but rarely causes disease in mammalian hosts. Specificity of the disease is primarily at the level of the reticuloendothelial system, but few virulence factors have been described other than the requirement for an 85-kb virulence plasmid. In this work, by making functional mutations in the type III secretion systems (TTSS) encoded by Salmonella pathogenicity island 1 (SPI-1) and SPI-2, we investigated the role of these pathogenicity islands in interactions between Salmonella serovar Gallinarum and avian cells in vitro and the role of these pathogenicity islands in virulence in chickens. The SPI-1 mutant showed decreased invasiveness into avian cells in vitro but was unaffected in its ability to persist within chicken macrophages. In contrast the SPI-2 mutant was fully invasive in nonphagocytic cells but failed to persist in macrophages. In chicken infections the SPI-2 mutant was attenuated while the SPI-1 mutant showed full virulence. In oral infections the SPI-2 mutant was not observed in the spleen or liver, and following intravenous inoculation it was cleared rapidly from these sites. SPI-2 function is required by Salmonella serovar Gallinarum for virulence, primarily through promoting survival within macrophages allowing multiplication within the reticuloendothelial system, but this does not preclude the involvement of SPI-2 in uptake from the gut to the spleen and liver. SPI-1 appears to have little effect on virulence and survival of Salmonella serovar Gallinarum in the host.
The effect of Ginseng's extracts on the corticosteron hormone secretion and blood cells in male Rat

Benefits of medical plants have been of interest to scientists for a long time. Ginseng is an aromatic plant which is used as a valuable medic ine. This plant is an adabtogen and enhances resistanc e to stress. Due to increasing stre ss in modern soc ieties, this study is aimed at evaluating the role of ginseng on c orticosteron hormone and blood cell in rat as.mammale model. In this survey, 63 Wistar rats whigted 150 ±20g randomly divided into c ontrol (without treatment), sham1 (under stress), sham2 (gavage water) and treatment groups (1-6 ). 1- 3 g roups were under stress and 4-6 without stre ss rec eived daily, (50, 100 and 200 ) mg/ kg/ b.wt Gin seng's extrac t. After 21 day s, blood sampling from all groups and separated serum was used to measure blood c ell and hormone levels by ELISA. Using statistical software, SPSS 16, data were analyzed by ANOVA and Duncan test (p<0 .05). Results showed that no significant c hange on weight any but corticosteron hormone decreased in treatment groups c ompared to sham groups. The number of lymphocytes and monocytes in the sham groups and treatment groups that were under stre ss were decreased (P<0.05) and increased in treatment groups (4, 5 and 6 ). The other blood cell didn't c hange significantly . According to obtained results, Ginseng can treat many diseases especially those were c aused by stress.
Clinical Reasoning: A 64-year-old woman with progressive quadriparesis

A 64-year-old right-handed woman presented to an outside hospital with a 1-week history of weakness noted while walking. She reported bilateral weakness greater on the right, and several falls. She denied lower extremity numbness. Her medical history was significant for lower-back osteoarthritis and a 20 pack-year smoking history. She denied constitutional symptoms. Her examination on admission was notable for 4/5 right gastrocnemius strength and unsteady gait.
Short-term international business travel's effectiveness for expatriate training

Increasing globalization in the economic and other social areas has led to more and more expatriate assignment. Because much of this expatriate assignment has some problems, expatriate training has been respected very much. Many scholars consider that it has significant relation with expatriates' performance. By reviewing the expatriate training literature (Social learning Theory and other related researches), it is found that short-term international business travel is an effective training method. This research also offers a theoretical framework with 4 propositions for future research on expatriate training.
Cloning and expression analysis of a 5HT7‐like serotonin receptor cDNA from mosquito Aedes aegypti female excretory and respiratory systems

In the mosquito Aedes aegypti, 5‐HT changes the endogenous rhythm of contractions in the female hindgut and increases fluid secretion in the larval Malpighian tubule. The role of 5‐HT as a diuretic hormone in adults has been questioned. We cloned a cDNA encoding a serotonin receptor from a female A. aegypti Malpighian tubule library that is similar to the 5‐HT7 receptor from Drosophila melanogaster. The transcript was localized in the tracheolar cells associated with the female Malpighian tubules but no signal was detectable in the tubule epithelium. Immunohistochemistry with specific antibodies confirmed the receptor expression in tracheolar cells and hindgut, and western blots of these tissues showed the expected 50 kDa band. The results suggest a role for serotonin in respiration and that this receptor may coordinate the tubule‐hindgut response to serotonin during diuresis.
ANTIBIOGRAM AND MULTIDRUG RESISTANCE PATTERNS OF STAPHYLOCOCCUS AUREUS ( MDRSA ) ASSOCIATED WITH POST OPERATIVE WOUND INFECTIONS IN BASRAH – IRAQ

Fifty-two clinical samples collected from patients with postoperative wound infections in various age groups were examined for presence of multidrug-resistant bacterial pathogens – in especially – Staphylococcus aureus. The majority of samples were for age between 31 and 40 yrs (32.69%) followed by other age groups, while the lowest samples were taken from age group 1 to 10 yrs (5.76%) P<0.05. A total of 131 isolates were identified and the main causative agent was S. aureus (24 isolates 18.32%), while other bacterial types isolated from postoperative wounds were as follow: Escherichia coli 16 (12.21%), Klebsiella spp 11(8.39%), Enterobacter cloaeca 8 (6.1%), Proteus spp 7(5.34%), Pseudomonas aeruginosa 20 (15.26%), Staphylococcusepidermidis 11 (8.39%), Staphylococcus saprophyticus 8 (6.1%), Staphylococcus xylosus 5 (3.81%), Viridance streptococci 10 (7.63%), Streptococcus pyogenes 7 (5.34%), and Enterococcus faecalis 4 (3.05%) P<0.01. Sixteen antibiotics were used to test the resistance of S. aureus. Penicillin G gave 100% resistance ratio for all of 24 tested isolates, while the highly affected antibiotic was cefotaxime that gave the lowest resistance percentage (16.66%). Other antibiotics had ranges of resistance between these limits P<0.01. S. aureus developed a resistance mode for at least eight antibiotics. The biggest percentage of resistance was for the resistance of four antibiotics (21.18%) P<0.01.
Serologic reactions against Salmonella in samples from broiler parent stock with and without preceding colibacillosis: a case-control study.

In the Danish Salmonella Control Program, eggs from broiler parent flocks are surveyed by serologic analysis every 4 wk for antibodies against Salmonella lipopolysaccharide O-antigens 1, 4, 5, 9, and 12 (Mix-enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay [ELISA]) and 6 and 7 (Infantis-ELISA). The antibody response is measured in percentage optical density (OD%) of a strong positive reaction, and the cutoff value has been determined to be 40 OD%. Two or more reactors above 40 OD% will place the parent flock under suspicion. There has been concern about possible cross-reactions between Salmonella spp. and other Enterobacteriaceae, e.g., Escherichia coli, because a high specificity of a Salmonella antibody test is desirable. Moreover, false-positive Salmonella results have economic consequences and impede planning the production. A case-control study based on cases of clinical E. coli infections (colibacillosis) from two Danish hatcheries, supplying about 62% of the Danish broiler production, is described. In order to eliminate a possible bias from age and season, the controls were matched on age of the birds and on time of submitting the samples. This study shows that flocks with preceding colibacillosis did not have higher salmonella reactions than matched flocks without a preceding colibacillosis. This observation was confirmed in longitudinal studies.
How my theory speaks to the related literature

Why are some slums successful at demanding public goods while others just receive rice and beans the day before the election? What governs the strategic choice of political actors facing the dilemma of resource allocation across poor neighborhoods? How does a poor settlement organize politically and manage to successfully demand public goods? This paper examines the effects of the social organization –at the neighborhood level– on the capacity of the poor to gain access to basic public services and better infrastructure. Through network analysis techniques, I assess the interaction between clientelistic linkages and the provision of public goods across shantytowns.
Methanococcus jannaschii Generatesl-Proline by Cyclization ofl-Ornithine

ABSTRACT Cell extracts of Methanococcus jannaschii have been shown to readily convert l-ornithine tol-proline. This cyclization reaction proceeds with the loss of only the C-2 nitrogen, as has been documented for ornithine cyclodeaminase (EC 4.3.1.12 ). Since no gene homologous to that coding for ornithine cyclodeaminase is present in the genome of M. jannaschii, these results indicate that proline biosynthesis inM. jannaschii is accomplished by a previously unrecognized enzyme.
A model for navigation experience sharing through social navigation networks (SoNavNets)

Navigation systems/services have become commonplace and people's reliance on them for mobility is continuously increasing. Modern navigation systems/services are sophisticated tools offering a variety of features for navigation assistance and guidance in many geographic areas. The real-world navigation environments in navigation systems/services are modeled as maps allowing computations that assist in navigation decision making. For this reason, navigation systems/services are referred to as model-centric as they can only operate where the model (i.e., map) exists. A novel approach, made possible through Web 2.0 technology, is sharing navigation experience, thus experience-centric, through social navigation networks (SoNavNets). While they have common goals, model-centric and experience-centric methods of navigation assistance are different with respect to how they prepare and provide navigation assistance. In this paper, SoNavNets and a model for navigation experience sharing are discussed.
Towards a Knowledge‐based Theory of the Geographical Cluster

Co-located firms within related industries enhance the ability to create knowledge by variation and a deepened division of labour. The interdependent development between economic activities and local institutions make the cluster attractive to some industries and hostile to others. The very reasons why cognitive distance might be small within the cluster tend to make cognitive distance great between clusters and make interfirm co-operation across bodies of knowledge more costly. The additional value created when clustering may justify the additional cost. Copyright 2001 by Oxford University Press.
Plasma plume effects on the conductivity of amorphous-LaAlO3/SrTiO3 interfaces grown by pulsed laser deposition in O2 and Ar

Amorphous-LaAlO3/SrTiO3 interfaces exhibit metallic conductivity similar to those found for the extensively studied crystalline-LaAlO3/SrTiO3 interfaces. Here, we investigate the conductivity of the amorphous-LaAlO3/SrTiO3 interfaces grown in different pressures of O2 and Ar background gases. During the deposition, the LaAlO3 ablation plume is also studied, in situ, by fast photography and space-resolved optical emission spectroscopy. An interesting correlation between interfacial conductivity and kinetic energy of the Al atoms in the plume is observed: to assure conducting interfaces of amorphous-LaAlO3/SrTiO3, the kinetic energy of Al should be higher than 1 eV. Our findings add further insights on mechanisms leading to interfacial conductivity in SrTiO3-based oxide heterostructures.
Antinociceptive Properties of 1,8-Cineole and β-Pinene, from the Essential Oil of Eucalyptus camaldulensis Leaves, in Rodents

1,8-cineole (cineole) and beta-pinene, two monoterpenes isolated from the essential oil obtained from Eucalyptus camaldulensis Dehn leaves were tested for antinociceptive properties. Tail-flick and hot-plate methods, reflecting the spinal and supraspinal levels, respectively, were used in mice and/or rats using morphine and naloxone for comparison. Cineole exhibited an antinociceptive activity comparable to that of morphine, in both algesic stimuli. A significant synergism between cineole and morphine was observed, but naloxone failed to antagonize the effect of cineole. Beta-pinene exerted supraspinal antinociceptive actions in rats only and it reversed the antinociceptive effect of morphine in a degree equivalent to naloxone, probably acting as a partial agonist through the mu opioid receptors. From structure-activity relationships of the pairs morphine+cineole and naloxone+beta-pinene, it was shown that similarities exist in the stereochemistry and in the respective atomic charges of these molecules. Further studies are in progress in order to elucidate the mechanism of action of the two terpenoids.
Quadriceps mechano‐ and electromyographic time‐frequency responses during muscular contractions to volitional exhaustion

Introduction: Surface electromyography (SEMG) and mechanomyography (SMMG) responses of the quadriceps during muscular contractions to exhaustion were computed and analyzed by analysis of variance and polynomial regression analyses. Methods: Participants performed maximum flexion–extension movements at 180°/s until volitional exhaustion, rested for 2 minutes, and then completed a second bout of movements until exhaustion. Torque and SEMG/SMMG median frequencies and amplitudes were examined at 9 points across repetitions completed. Results: (1) Torque decreased precipitously; (2) SEMG amplitude displayed an initial increase, then a steady decrease, and SMMG amplitude showed a continuous decrease; and (3) SEMG and SMMG median frequencies displayed a continual decrease over repetitions completed. Fractional polynomial and quadratic models explained the fatigue process with the highest precision. Conclusions: Changes in electrical and mechanical properties of the quadriceps during fatigue reflect alterations in neuromuscular activation strategies and/or muscle wisdom. SEMG frequency modeled muscle fatigue more effectively than amplitude, whereas SMMG frequency and amplitude were equally effective. Muscle Nerve 53: 452–463, 2016
SSTA Scheme for Multiple Input Switching Case Based on Stochastic Collocation Method

In this paper, a complete SSTA scheme is proposed to calculate the output waveform of a logic cell on any random selected point in the process variational space, or the mean value and variance of the output signal with very high accuracy and acceptable CPU cost. At first, Miller capacitances between the input nodes and internal nodes of a logic cell are introduced to construct the improved MCSM model so as to improve the modeling accuracy. Secondly, the stochastic collocation method jointed with the Modified Nested Sparse Grid technique is adopted for SSTA procedure to avoid the exponential increase of the collocation points number caused by tensor product. Thirdly, a Nominal waveform based Fast Simulation Method is developed to speedup the simulation on each collocation point. At last, Automatic Waveform Construction Technique is developed to construct the output waveform with the approximation points as little as possible to decrease the computational cost while guaranteeing high accuracy. Numerical results are also given to demonstrate the efficiency of the proposed algorithm. key words: SSTA, current source model, stochastic collocation method, Nominal waveform based Fast Simulation Method
Cell death of motoneurons in the chick embryo spinal cord. II. A quantitative and qualitative analysis of degenerationin the ventral root, including evidence for axon outgrowth and limb innervation prior to cell death

Development of the ventral roots in the caudal half of the chick lumbar spinal cord (segments 26‐29) was studied by electron microscopy. The ventral root fibers at 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, and 13 days of incubation and at 1, 10 days and 5 weeks post‐hatching were counted either from photomontages or directly in the electron microscope.
Residential satisfaction as an intervening variable in residential mobility

The stress-threshold model (Wolpert, 1965; Brown and Moore, 1970) assumes that people do not consider moving unless they experience residential stress. This paper develops a similar model of residential mobility in which residential satisfaction acts as an intervening variable between individual and residence variables and mobility. The model is tested with data from a panel study of Rhode Island residents. The results indicate that residential satisfaction at the first interview is related to the wish to move and to mobility in the year following the interview. Individual and residence characteristics such as age of head duration of residence, home ownership, and room crowding are shown to affect mobility through their effect on residential satisfaction.
An Arab registry for type 1 diabetes: global benefits for type 1 diabetes patients

Abstract Background: The Arab world encompasses twenty-two Arabic-speaking countries, where the rate of consanguinity can exceed 50%. Type 1 diabetes (T1D), a chronic disorder that requires lifelong treatment, is believed to be largely due to genetic predisposition. The objective of this review is to discuss the benefits of establishing an Arab population-based diabetes registry, which will provide a reference for T1D prevalence and incidence. Methods: An online search was carried out through various websites, including PubMed, government, hospitals and health ministries of the 22 Arab countries to understand the reporting activities of diabetes in the Arab world. Results and conclusion: The prevalence and incidence of T1D is variable among Arabs, with the availability of only a few national/regional diabetes registries to support diabetes research, provide reliable data, and to cope with the widespread threat of this disease. Hence, the need of establishing a population based Arab diabetes registry.
HAC: Hardware design for a Smart-Home and Smart-Grid decentralised load management system

The growth of energy demand and decentralised renewable energy generation (e.g. photovoltaic, eolic) can lead to electric grid imbalances requiring extra investments in the electric grid infrastructure. One of the goals of Smart-Home and Smart-Grid solutions is to solve this issue. The majority of the solutions are focused on centralised load management. Furthermore most of the Smart-Home and Smart-Grid publications analyse the topics from the application point of view so that there is a lack of specific descriptions of the infrastructure and of the used technology. SUPSI has proposed and verified a decentralised and innovative Smart-Grid approach. To demonstrate the feasibility of this approach a custom HAC (Household Appliance Controller) and a communication infrastructure has been developed. This paper describes this design, and its use in several pilot projects performed in Switzerland (Swiss2Grid, RiParTi 2.0, HCD 2.0) which in their turn have demonstrate the feasibility and the benefits of a decentralised Smart-Grid management.