Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
PROBING THE OFF-STATE OF CLUSTER GIANT RADIO HALOS

We derive the best characterization to date of the properties of radio quiescent massive galaxy clusters through a statistical analysis of their average synchrotron emissivity. We stacked 105 radio images of clusters from the 843 MHz Sydney University Molonglo Sky Survey, all with LX > 1044 erg s−1 and redshifts z < 0.2, after removing point-source contamination and rescaling to a common physical size. Each stacked cluster individually shows no significant large-scale diffuse radio emission at current sensitivity levels. Stacking of sub-samples leads to the following results: (1) clusters with LX > 3 × 1044 erg s−1 show a 6σ detection of Mpc-scale diffuse emission with a 1.4 GHz luminosity of (2.4 ± 0.4) ×1023 W Hz−1. This is 1.5–2 times lower than the upper limits for radio quiescent clusters from the GMRT Radio Halo Survey and is the first independent confirmation of radio halo bi-modality. (2) Clusters with low X-ray concentrations have a mean radio luminosity (2.6 ± 0.6 × 1023 W Hz−1) that is at least twice that of high X-ray concentration clusters, and (3) both of these detections are likely close to the low-level “off-state” of giant radio halos (GRHs) in most or all luminous X-ray clusters, and not due to contributions from a much smaller subset of “on-state” GRHs following the radio/X-ray luminosity correlation. Upcoming deep radio surveys will conclusively distinguish between these two options. We briefly discuss possible origins for the “off-state” emission and its implications for magnetic fields in most or all luminous X-ray clusters.
Walking stabilization based on gait analysis for biped humanoid robot

This study describes a biped walking stabilization based on gait analysis for a humanoid robot. So far, we have developed a humanoid robot as a human motion simulator which can quantitatively evaluate welfare and rehabilitation instruments instead of human subjects. However, the walking motion of the robot looked like human’s in our past researches, but a walking stabilization control was not based on gait analysis. To use a humanoid robot as a human motion simulator, not only mechanisms but also a stabilizer should be designed based on human beings. Of course, there are many studies on gait analysis in the field of neuroscience, but most of them are not modeled enough to be implemented on humanoid robots. Therefore, first, we conducted gait analysis in this study, and we obtained following two findings: (i) a foot-landing point exists on the line joining the stance leg and the projected point of center of mass on the ground, and (ii) the distance between steps is modified to keep mechanical energy at the landing within a certain value. A walking stabilization control is designed based on the gait analysis. Verification of the proposed control is conducted through experiments with a human-sized humanoid robot WABIAN-2R.
Feature selection for multi-class problems by using pairwise-class and all-class techniques

Feature selection has been a key technology in massive data processing, e.g. in microarray data analysis with few samples but high-dimensional genes. One common problem in multi-class microarray data analysis is the unbalanced recognition or prediction accuracies among classes, which usually leads to poor system performance. One of the main reasons is the unfair feature (gene) selection method. In this paper, a novel feature selection framework by using pairwise-class and all-class techniques (namely FrPA) is proposed to balance the performance among classes and improve the average accuracy. The feature (gene) rank list on all classes and the lists on each pair of classes are all taken into consideration during feature selection. The strategy of round-robin is embedded into the framework to select final features from the different rank lists. Experimental results on several microarray data sets show that FrPA helps to achieve higher classification accuracy and balance the performance among classes.
Improved Prediction of Michaelis Constants in CYP450-Mediated Reactions by Resilient Back Propagation Algorithm.

BACKGROUND In drug metabolism reactions, it has become increasingly important to measure Michaelis constants (Km), which are used for a variety of purposes, including identification of enzymes involved in drug metabolism, prediction of drug-drug interactions, etc. Cytochrome P450s (CYPs) comprise a super family of major human enzymes responsible for drug metabolism. Hence, computational prediction of Km in CYP-mediated reactions facilitates drug development in an efficient and economical way. METHODS In this study, we firstly constructed a large dataset of ten CYP isoforms associated with 169 binding substrates, and 210 experimental Km values in CYP-mediated reactions. To predict Km of substrates metabolized by various CYP isoforms, we developed a general prediction model by using resilient back-propagation neutral network algorithm, based on the structural and physicochemical properties of the substrates and the metabolic specificity of the enzymes. RESULTS The predictive Km values achieve a squared cross-validation correlation coefficients (Q2) of 0.73 with the experimental values, which is better than that of the existing models. Moreover, our model can predict Kmvalues of the compounds metabolized by a wide range of CYP isoforms. CONCLUSION This tool will be useful in large-scale drug screening studies for CYP enzymes and helpful in the drug design and development.
Using Hardware-Transactional-Memory Support to Implement Thread-Level Speculation

This paper presents a detailed analysis of the application of Hardware Transactional Memory (HTM) support for loop parallelization with Thread-Level Speculation (TLS) and describes a careful evaluation of the implementation of TLS on the HTM extensions available in such machines. The sample implementation of TLS over HTM described in this paper also provides evidence that the programming effort to implement TLS over HTM support is non-trivial. Thus the paper also describes an extension to OpenMP that both makes TLS more accessible to OpenMP programmers and allows for the easy tuning of TLS parameters. As a result, it provides evidence to support several important claims about the performance of TLS over HTM in the Intel Core and the IBM POWER8 architectures. Experimental results reveal that by implementing TLS on top of HTM, speed-ups of up to 3.8<inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\times$</tex-math><alternatives> <inline-graphic xlink:href="salamanca-ieq1-2752169.gif"/></alternatives></inline-formula> can be obtained for some loops.
Factors Associated with Recidivism in a Criminal Population

The present study is a follow-up of a sample of 348 men convicted of manslaughter, attempted manslaughter, or arson who were released from incarceration. Multiple factors assessed at the time of incarceration, including demographic, behavioral, family history, and biochemical variables, and psychiatric diagnoses were used in an attempt to discriminate between those who became recidivists during the follow-up period and those who did not. Violent recidivism was most strongly associated (sensitivity of 90%) with impulsivity of the original crime in killers and attempted killers; for arsonists, having made a suicide attempt was the strongest predictor (68% sensitivity). For predictive purposes, both single factor associations and multiple entries into discriminant analysis produced too many false-positives, i.e., the high rate of false designation as recidivist remained a problem.
Limits in endurance performance of octogenarian athletes.

TO THE EDITOR: A recent study of Trappe et al. (3) showed that the aerobic power of octogenarian lifelong endurance athletes was approximately double that of untrained octogenarians (38 vs. 21 ml·kg 1 ·min 1 ). These remarkable aerobic capacities are the highest ever recorded in this age group. However, the impact of the identified physiological capacities on actual endurance performances has not been addressed, as no running performance indicators of the octogenarian athletes were provided in this study. We hereby suggest that, although trained octogenarian athletes can achieve levels of aerobic fitness well above their untrained counterpart, as a group they actually have not yet reached their limits of endurance performance. During the past decades, masters athletes (40 yr of age) have dramatically improved their performance in endurance events such as marathon running. An analysis of performances at the New York City Marathon during the 1980 –2010 period showed that running times of the best male masters runners between 65 and 79 years of age decreased significantly (2). However, due to the low rate of participation of athletes older than 80 years, the performances of octogenarian finishers were not analyzed. The current marathon world record for a male octogenarian athlete was set in 2011 at the Toronto marathon by a Canadian athlete (Ed Whitlock, age 80) who ra n3h1 5 min 54 s(http://
DEGRADATION OF POLYPROPYLENE IN NATURALLY AND ARTIFICIALLY WEATHERED PLASTIC MATRIX COMPOSITES

Effects of accelerated and natural weathering on the molecular weight distribution (MWD) and crystallinity of polypropylene (PP) in wood plastic composites (WPC) were investigated. The composites were produced from pine fibers (60%) and PP (40%). Prolonged weathering caused an increase in wood degradation and erosion thereby leaving cracks and ‘‘pits’’ on the surface. Pyrolysis gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (Py GC-MS) revealed that PP dominated the weathered surface due to wood degradation. For matrix analysis, PP was extracted using 1,2,4-trichlorobenzene. Crystallinity and molecular weight distribution of PP were monitored by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and gel permeation chromatography (GPC), respectively. PP’s crystallinity increased upon longer exposure time. The weight and number average molecular weight (Mw and Mn) decreased with an increase in weathering duration. An increased polydispersity (PD = Mw/Mn) implies that a secondary cross-linking process occurred during weathering.
Effects of methanolic extract of Crataegus oxyacantha on blood homeostasis in rat

We investigated the effects of the extract of C. ox yacantha in rats by monitoring blood homeostasis and body weight as well as toxicity. An imals were treated daily with an oral dose of 100mg/kg body weight for 12 weeks. The powder of th e plant was extracted in Soxhlet apparatus with methanol. Changes in hepatic enzymes levels we re not observed in C. oxyacantha treated rats after 12 weeks of treatment. The serum cholest erol, triglycerides and glucose levels and the count of leukocytes and platelets decreased signifi ca tly by 15.5, 22, 16.5, 35 and 32%, compared to control values, respectively; while hae m tocrit and haemoglobin levels increased significantly by 6.4 and 17.4%, respectively. In pa rallel, significant slowdown of the body weight evolution was observed in C. oxyacantha treated ani m ls comparatively to the animal control group. These results support the traditional use of C. oxyacantha as a treatment of the dyslipidemia and the hyperglycaemia, and related ab normalities; however, indicate a relative toxicity of this plant.
Design and Implementation of Load Reduction System for Mitigating Flash Crowds on Web Server

Internet traffic at a given web server often increases sharply within a short time as the number of Internet users increases. This phenomenon is known as a flash crowd. When flash crowds occur in the web server, the response rate decreases, or the web server may crash as the load increases. We propose a load reduction system that prevents excessive accesses to the web server in order to stably deliver content without having to enhance the performance of the web server. In the proposed system, the web server detects flash crowds by monitoring the number of requests and changes its content delivery system. To limit excessive accesses, the web server redirects requests to other clients that hold the content in their cache when flash crowds occur. We implemented the proposed system and verified its efficiency through experiments.
Coupling between angled-facet amplifiers and tapered lens-ended fibers

The coupling between angled facet amplifiers and tapered lens-ended fibers is investigated theoretically and experimentally. The theoretical investigation is based on a three-dimensional plane wave model which accounts for the phase differences introduced by the angled facets. The coupling is investigated with respect to the beam parameters of the amplifier waveguide and the tapered lens-ended fiber, and with respect to the fiber position. The excess coupling losses due to the facet angle and to the variation of the fiber lens radius are investigated theoretically and found to be in good agreement with experimental results. For optimized lens radii, the excess loss for a 10 degrees facet angle is found to be less than 0.5 dB compared to a normal facet amplifier. >
The co-morbidity of eating disorders and anxiety disorders: a review.

OBJECTIVE To critically review the literature examining the co-morbidity between eating disorders and anxiety disorders. METHOD A review of the literature on the co-morbidity between anorexia nervosa, bulimia nervosa and eating disorders not otherwise specified and the anxiety disorders of OCD, PTSD, social anxiety, GAD, panic and agoraphobia. RESULTS Of the empirical studies undertaken, it is clear that anxiety disorders are significantly more frequent in subjects with eating disorders than the general community. Researchers have shown that often anxiety disorders pre-date eating disorders, leading to a suggestion that early onset anxiety may predispose individuals to developing an eating disorder. To date however, the research presents strikingly inconsistent findings, thus complicating our understanding of eating disorder and anxiety co-morbidity. Furthermore, despite indications that eating disorder prevalence amongst individuals presenting for anxiety treatment may be high, there is a distinct lack of research in this area. DISCUSSION This review critically examines the available research to date on the co-morbidity of eating disorders and anxiety disorders. Some of the methodological limitations of previous research are presented, in order to highlight the issues which warrant further scientific investigation in this area.
The liver in regulation of iron homeostasis 1

1 Gautam Rishi and V. Nathan Subramaniam 2 Liver Disease and Iron Disorders Research Group 3 Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation and School of Biomedical Sciences, 4 Queensland University of Technology (QUT), Brisbane, Australia 5 6 7 8 9 10 Corresponding author: 11 Prof V. Nathan Subramaniam 12 Liver Disease and Iron Disorders Research Group 13 Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation and School of Biomedical Sciences 14 Queensland University of Technology (QUT) 15 60 Musk Avenue, Kelvin Grove 16 Brisbane, QLD 4059 17 Australia 18 Tel: ++ 617 31382980 19 E-mail: nathan.subramaniam@qut.edu. au 20 21 Articles in PresS. Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol (June 8, 2017). doi:10.1152/ajpgi.00004. 2017
Risk Factors for Victimization in Romantic Relationships of Young Women

This article reviews the literature on risk factors for victimization in romantic relationships of adolescent girls and young adult women. The review includes 61 empirical studies published between 1986 and 2006 that have investigated risk factors for sustained psychological, sexual, and physical violence in romantic relationships of young women ages 12 to 24. An ecological approach is used as a conceptual model to review risk factors into four categories: sociodemographic factors, individual factors (personal and interpersonal), environmental factors (family, community, and peers), and contextual factors (linked to the romantic relationship). Methodological limitations of the studies in terms of measurement issues, samples studied, research designs, and underlying conceptual models are discussed. Finally, implications for prevention programming are considered. Recommendations are presented about which clientele should be targeted, which risk factors should be considered, and when programs should be implemented.
Neurobiology of peripheral nerve injury, regeneration, and functional recovery: from bench top research to bedside application.

OBJECTIVES We review the state-of-the-art neurobiology of nerve injury and regeneration, especially as it relates to return of useful function in patients who have sustained injuries to large nerve trunks such as the brachial plexus. METHODS This review focuses on research conducted in our laboratory at Ochsner and at other laboratories related to the neurobiology of nerve injury with emphasis on how some of the key findings from animal research help us understand the pathophysiology of poor functional recovery after nerve injury. CONCLUSIONS Published research on the neurobiology of nerve injury and regeneration strongly suggests that chronic Schwann cell denervation, chronic neuronal axotomy, and misdirection of regenerating axons into wrong endoneurial tubes are primarily responsible for poor functional recovery. The effect of muscle denervation atrophy is secondary. Experimental therapeutic strategies (which we are currently investigating in our laboratory at Ochsner) to combat these 3 neurobiologic phenomena have the potential to improve the return of function in patients who have sustained nerve injuries.
基於卷積類神經網路之廣播節目音訊事件偵測系統 (Automatic Audio Event Detection of Broadcast Radio Programs Based on Convolution Neural Networks) [In Chinese]

廣播電臺節目中通常包含語音,音樂與其他音訊事件(如笑聲或特效聲)。 若能偵 測並切割這些音訊事件,就能進一步對廣播節目進行加值運用。 例如,轉寫語音片段的 逐字稿,或是辨認音樂片段的歌名與曲名,以利檢索。 針對此問題,在本論文中,我們 首先設計,並以人工標註出一廣播節目音訊事件資料庫,再利用 Convolutional Neural Network (CNN)自動擷取有效的特徵音訊參數,對廣播電臺的音檔做音訊事件偵測與切 割,最後轉成具時間資訊的音訊事件標註檔。 實驗方面我們從教育電臺節目中,選出新 聞類與不同性質的談話類節目共 14 個,經人工標注後,獲得總長度共約 60 小時的音 檔,並用來訓練與測試 CNN和傳統 Gaussian Mixture Model(GMM)的效能。 實驗結 果顯示以 CNN直接搭配頻譜參數,在偵測語音與非語音,音樂與非音樂或其它與非其 它音訊事件等的錯誤率(equal error rates,EER),分別為 2.27%、12.52%與 9.51%,皆 低於傳統以 GMM搭配 Mel-Frequency Cepstral Coefficients(MFCCs)的 3.65%、15.68% 與 13.25%。 關鍵詞:廣播節目資料庫、音訊事件偵測、卷積類神經網路。 The 2017 Conference on Computational Linguistics and Speech Processing ROCLING 2017, pp. 21-36  The Association for Computational Linguistics and Chinese Language Processing
Using NLU in Context for Question Answering: Improving on Facebook's bAbI Tasks

For the next step in human to machine interaction, Artificial Intelligence (AI) should interact predominantly using natural language because, if it worked, it would be the fastest way to communicate. Facebook's toy tasks (bAbI) provide a useful benchmark to compare implementations for conversational AI. While the published experiments so far have been based on exploiting the distributional hypothesis with machine learning, our model exploits natural language understanding (NLU) with the decomposition of language based on Role and Reference Grammar (RRG) and the brain-based Patom theory. Our combinatorial system for conversational AI based on linguistics has many advantages: passing bAbI task tests without parsing or statistics while increasing scalability. Our model validates both the training and test data to find 'garbage' input and output (GIGO). It is not rules-based, nor does it use parts of speech, but instead relies on meaning. While Deep Learning is difficult to debug and fix, every step in our model can be understood and changed like any non-statistical computer program. Deep Learning's lack of explicable reasoning has raised opposition to AI, partly due to fear of the unknown. To support the goals of AI, we propose extended tasks to use human-level statements with tense, aspect and voice, and embedded clauses with junctures: and answers to be natural language generation (NLG) instead of keywords. While machine learning permits invalid training data to produce incorrect test responses, our system cannot because the context tracking would need to be intentionally broken. We believe no existing learning systems can currently solve these extended natural language tests. There appears to be a knowledge gap between NLP researchers and linguists, but ongoing competitive results such as these promise to narrow that gap.
Intensify Denoisy Image Using Adaptive Multiscale Product Thresholding

This Paper presents a wavelet-based multiscale products thresholding scheme for noise suppression of magnetic resonance images. This paper proposed a method based on image de-noising and edge enhancement of noisy multidimensional imaging data sets. Medical images are generally suffered from signal dependent noises i.e. speckle noise and broken edges. Most of the noises signals appear from machine and environment generally not contribute to the tissue differentiation. But, the noise generated due to above mentioned reason causes a grainy appearance on the image, hence image enhancement is required. For the intent of image denoising, Adaptive Multiscale Product Thresholding based on 2-D wavelet transform is used. In this method, contiguous wavelet sub bands are multiplied to improve edge structure while reducing noise. In multiscale products, boundaries can be successfully distinguished from noise. Adaptive threshold is designed and forced on multiscale products as an alternative of wavelet coefficients or recognize important features. For the edge enhancement. Canny Edge Detection Algorithm is used with scale multiplication technique. Simulation results shows that the planned technique better suppress the Poisson noise among several noises i.e. salt & pepper, speckle noise and random noise. The Performance of Image Intesification can be estimate by means of PSNR, MSE.
Nitric oxide synthase is critical in mediating basal forebrain regulation of cortical cerebral circulation

This study sought to determine whether the activity of nitric oxide synthase (NOS) is an important physiological link required to mediate increases in cortical cerebral blood flow (CBF) elicited by electrical microstimulation of the basal forebrain (BF). Changes in cortical CBF were assessed in urethane anesthetized rats using laser‐Doppler flowmetry. Microstimulation of the BF elicited stimulus‐locked increases in CBF that were dependent on frequency and current intensity (up to 280% of control at 50 Hz). Infusion of the potent NOS inhibitor NG‐nitro‐L‐arginine (L‐NNA) resulted in significant dose‐related reductions in the BF‐elicited response at 50 Hz (3.75–60 mg/kg, i.v.), significant elevation in resting mean arterial pressure (MAP) from 106 to 160 mmHg, and modest 21% reductions in resting CBF. The stereoisomer NG‐nitro‐D‐arginine (D‐NNA) was without any effect on CBF, although at higher concentrations MAP was elevated to levels comparable to those obtained with L‐NNA. Infusion of arginase was also without effect on resting or BF‐elicited CBF responses. In contrast, L‐arginine (100–400 mg/kg, i.v.) significantly potentiated the BF‐elicited response up to an additional 38%, without affecting resting CBF or MAP. This study suggests that NO, or a related nitroso precursor formed by NOS, has a critical role in mediating regulation of cortical CBF by BF neurons. © 1992 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.