Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Depressed Mood, Positive Affect, and Heart Rate Variability in Patients With Suspected Coronary Artery Disease

Objective: To test associations between heart rate variability (HRV), depressed mood, and positive affect in patients with suspected coronary artery disease (CAD). Depression is associated with impaired HRV post acute cardiac events, but evidence in patients with stable coronary artery disease (CAD) is inconsistent. Methods: Seventy-six patients (52 men, 24 women; mean age = 61.1 years) being investigated for suspected CAD on the basis of symptomatology and positive noninvasive tests, completed 24-hour electrocardiograms. The Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) was administered, and positive and depressed affect was measured over the study period with the Day Reconstruction Method (DRM). A total of 46 (60.5%) patients were later found to have definite CAD. HRV was analyzed, using spectral analysis. Results: Typical diurnal profiles of HRV were observed, with greater normalized high frequency (HF) and lower normalized low frequency (LF) power in the night compared with the day. BDI depression scores were not consistently associated with HRV. But positive affect was associated with greater normalized HF power (p = .039) and reduced normalized LF power (p = .007) independently of age, gender, medication with β blockers, CAD status, body mass index, smoking, and habitual physical activity level. In patients with definite CAD, depressed affect assessed using the DRM was associated with reduced normalized HF power and heightened normalized LF power (p = .007) independently of covariates. Conclusions: Relationships between depression and HRV in patients with CAD may depend on affective experience over the monitoring period. Enhanced parasympathetic cardiac control may be a process through which positive affect protects against cardiovascular disease. BDI = Beck Depression Inventory; CAD = coronary artery disease; CHD = coronary heart disease; DRM = Day Reconstruction Method; ENRICHD = Enhancing Recovery in Coronary Heart Disease; HRV = heart rate variability; HF = high frequency; LF = low frequency; MI = myocardial infarction; pNN50 = the number of pairs of adjacent NN intervals differing by >50 ms, divided by the total number of NN intervals; RMSSD = square root of the mean of the sum of the squares of successive NN differences; VLF = very low frequency.
Value of Coaching in Building Leadership Capacity of Principals in Urban Schools.

The purpose of this qualitative case study was to understand how coaching support structures enabled and sustained leadership practices of urban principals. The study investigated how the intervention of coaching for academic leaders can serve as evidence based professional development for building leadership capacity. The central focus was on principals’ perceptions of coaching engagements over time to identify recurring themes and essential elements of the coach-to-client relationship. With a goal of meeting 21st century school accountability requirements of standards and assessments, the urban district in this study implemented coaching for academic leaders who were selected to participate in the coaching intervention as jobembedded professional development. The district assigned a cadre of trained coach leaders to building principals with the primary goal of coaching academic leaders to attain desired goals. The district’s director of professional development was a certified coach leader and had the responsibility of screening applications from principals and assigning coaches. The data collection process for this study included in-depth interviews, direct observations, and review of archival documents. Holistic analysis captured recurring themes and assertions. Essentials of participants’ perceptions of coaching were collected through semi-structured interviews, analysis of textual content, coding, and categorizing by themes. The significant themes showed the perceptions of coaching as: (1) Supportive Environment, (2) Relationship Built on Trust, (3) Confidential Conversations, (4) Leadership Support, (5) Significance of Reflection, (6) Benefits of Coaching Language in Communication, (7) Co-Constructor, (8) Thinking Partner, and (9)
Comparing performance of amoxicillin and intramuscular benzathine penicillin in relieving manifestations of streptococcal pharyngitis in children.

OBJECTIVE To compare clinical and bacteriologic responses to intramuscular benzathine penicillin G (BPG) and single dose of amoxicillin in Group A streptococcal (GAS) pharyngitis. DESIGN This study included 571 children from 6 to 15 years old age, with pharyngitis, who were admitted to 45 elementary and guidance schools from 7 regions of Education Organization in North-East of Iran, Mashhad. They were screened for enrollment and if he/she presented pharyngitis with clinical criteria of sore throat, erythema, exudate and tender or enlarged anterior cervical lymph nodes. Exclusion criteria included reports of antibiotic use, negative throat culture for GAS and history of allergy to the drugs. Clinical and bacteriologic responses to BPG and once daily orally amoxicillin were considered and compared. RESULTS In the amoxicillin group, treatment failure was more than the penicillin group (18.9% vs. 6.4%, respectively) but the difference was not statistically significant (p < 0.05). Both drugs were significantly effective in reducing pharyngitis manifestations but penicillin was significantly more effective in reducing exudate than amoxicillin. CONCLUSION Our study was in line with studies comparing the two drugs. The results show that once-daily therapy with amoxicillin is as effective as intramuscular benzathine penicillin G for the treatment of GAS pharyngitis, but penicillin was significantly more effective in reducing exudate and concurrent signs vs. amoxicillin.
Vesicant extravasation part II: Evidence-based management and continuing controversies.

PURPOSE/OBJECTIVES To review the literature, synthesize current recommendations, and discuss remaining controversies regarding vesicant extravasation management. DATA SOURCES Published evidence-based reports, clinical articles, and anecdotal case reports about antineoplastic and nonantineoplastic vesicant agent management. DATA SYNTHESIS Prevention of vesicant extravasation sequelae requires knowledge about vesicant extravasation manifestations and differentiation of vesicant extravasation from other local IV site reactions. When evidence is weak or missing, logical application of data-based or empirical management strategies is critical. Actions may include timely administration of subcutaneous or topical antidotes, comfort measures, and surgical interventions to minimize the extent of tissue damage and morbidity should extravasation occur. CONCLUSIONS Vesicant extravasation and sequelae constitute a complex patient problem. Clinicians should strive to prevent extravasation or seek to minimize injury should it occur. To this end, clinicians must demonstrate awareness of its risks and use specialized knowledge when administering vesicant agents. IMPLICATIONS FOR NURSING Nurses who administer vesicant agents should understand the nursing and collaborative actions that should be taken to minimize patient morbidity, pain, and disability.
Direct visualization of repair of oxidative damage by OGG1 in the nuclei of live cells

Oxidative DNA damage caused by intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) is widely considered to be important in the pathology of a range of human diseases including cancer as well as in the aging process. A frequently occurring mutagenic base lesion produced by ROS is 8‐oxo deoxyguanine (8‐oxo dG) and the major enzyme for repair of 8‐oxo dG is 8‐oxoguanine‐DNA glycosylase 1 (OGG1). There is now substantial evidence from bulk biochemical studies that a common human polymorphic variant of OGG1 (Ser326Cys) is repair deficient, and this has been linked to individual risk of pathologies related to oxidative stress. In the current study, we have used the technique of multiphoton microscopy to induce highly localized oxidative DNA damage in discrete regions of the nucleus of live cells. Cells transfected with GFP‐tagged OGG1 proteins demonstrated rapid (<2 min) accumulation of OGG1 at sites of laser‐induced damage as indicated by accumulation of GFP‐fluorescence. This was followed by repair as evidenced by loss of the localized fluorescence over time. Quantification of the rate of repair confirmed that the Cys326 variant of OGG1 is repair deficient and that the initial repair rate of damage by Cys326 OGG1 was 3 to 4 fold slower than that observed for Ser326 OGG1. These values are in good agreement with kinetic data comparing the Ser326 and Cys326 proteins obtained by biochemical studies. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biochem Mol Toxicol 25:1–7 2011; View this article online at wileyonlinelibrary.com. DOI 10.1002/jbt.20346
Major source of antigenic peptides for the MHC class I pathway is produced during the pioneer round of mRNA translation

The MHC class I antigen presentation pathway allows the immune system to distinguish between self and nonself. Despite extensive research on the processing of antigenic peptides, little is known about their origin. Here, we show that mRNAs carrying premature stop codons that prevent the production of full-length proteins via the nonsense-mediated decay pathway still produce a majority of peptide substrates for the MHC class I pathway by a noncanonical mRNA translation process. Blocking the interaction of the translation initiation factor eIF4E with the cap structure suppresses the synthesis of full-length proteins but has only a limited effect on the production of antigenic peptides. These results reveal an essential cell biological function for a class of translation products derived during the pioneer round of mRNA translation and will have important implications for understanding how the immune system detects cells harboring pathogens and generates tolerance.
Use of a three-drill-tract technique for arthrodesis of the distal tarsal joints in horses with distal tarsal osteoarthritis: 54 cases (1990-1999).

OBJECTIVE To assess the long-term clinical outcome of horses with distal tarsal osteoarthritis (OA) in which a 3-drill-tract technique was used to induce arthrodesis of the affected joints, identify any preoperative or operative factors associated with outcome, and describe any complications associated with the technique. DESIGN Retrospective study. ANIMALS 54 horses. PROCEDURE Medical records were reviewed for information on signalment, use, history, physical and lameness examination findings, surgical technique, and postoperative care. Radiographs were examined, and severity of OA was graded. Follow-up information was obtained through telephone interviews with owners at least 13 months after the procedure. RESULTS 32 (59%) horses had a successful outcome, 6 (11%) improved but were not sound after surgery, and 16 (30%) did not improve following surgery. Outcome was negatively associated with the previous use of intra-articular injections. Few postoperative complications were evident. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE Results suggest that distal tarsal OA in horses can be successfully treated by means of distal tarsal arthrodesis with a 3-drill-tract technique. Horses with advanced distal tarsal OA are likely to have poorer outcomes, and the procedure will likely be of minimal benefit in horses with concomitant causes of hind limb lameness prior to surgery and in horses with preexisting proximal intertarsal joint disease.
A response to critiques of ‘full reserve banking’

In this response to critiques of ‘full reserve banking’ or ‘sovereign money’ proposals, we challenge four of the main criticisms made by Fontana and Sawyer (this issue): (i) the impact of the proposal on government finances and fiscal policy; (ii) the impact of the proposal on the supply of credit to the real economy; (iii) the danger of private money creation re-emerging in the shadow banking sector; and (iv) the argument that shadow banking, not commercial banking, is the real source of financial instability.
Tracking mobility in the housing choice voucher program: a household level examination in Florida, USA

Abstract Previous research on the housing choice voucher (HCV) program has focused on neighbourhoods where voucher holders reside at one point of time. Little is known about mobility of voucher households during their tenure in the program. Using an administrative dataset that spans 11 years for the state of Florida, this study evaluates how often voucher households move and their mobility outcomes, measured by the change of neighbourhood poverty. Findings reveal that HCV households moved frequently beginning in the early years of program participation. Between 2007 and 2013 there was a notable decrease of voucher presence in high-poverty areas. Regression analysis further suggests that rental housing market conditions are significantly associated with mobility outcomes. White, non-Hispanic households and those with higher incomes were more likely to move to lower poverty neighbourhoods, whereas disabled and formerly homeless households moved more frequently and were not as successful in accessing lower poverty areas.
Late Progression of Post-Encephalitic Parkinson's Syndrome

ABSTRACT: We have studied 11 patients with neurological deficits due to the pandemic of encephalitis lethargica, all of whom had remained in hospital for more than forty years. Retrospective information obtained from physicians and nurses dating back as far as 1931, our own Webster and Northwestern University Disability Rating Scales available from 1976, photographic records, published narrative and hospital charts all indicate that neurological disabilities attributable to basal ganglia damage frequently increase in late life. Deterioration was most marked in motor function and largely spared the intellect, special senses and somatosensory system. The findings are discussed in relation to current hypotheses concerning the aetiology of Parkinson's disease.
Preoperative Anxiety in Children: Predictors and Outcomes

Objective: To determine predictors and behavioral outcomes of preoperative anxiety in children undergoing surgery. Design: A prospective, longitudinal study. Setting: A university children's hospital. Participants: One hundred sixty-three children, 2 to 10 years of age (and their parents), who underwent general anesthesia and elective surgery. Main Outcome Measures: In the preoperative holding area, anxiety level of the child and parents was determined using self-reported and independent observational measures. At separation to the operating room, the anxiety level of the child and parents was rated again. Postoperative behavioral responses were evaluated 3 times (at 2 weeks, 6 months, and 1 year). Results: A multiple regression model (R 2 =0.58, F=6.4, P =.007) revealed that older children and children of anxious parents, who received low Emotionality, Activity, Sociability, and Impulsivity (EASI) ratings for activity, and with a history of poor-quality medical encounters demonstrated higher levels of anxiety in the preoperative holding area. A similar model (R 2 =0.42, F=8.6, P =.001) revealed that children who received low EASI ratings for activity, with a previous hospitalization, who were not enrolled in day care, and who did not undergo premedication were more anxious at separation to the operating room. Overall, 54% of children exhibited some negative behavioral responses at the 2-week follow-up. Twenty percent of the children continued to demonstrate negative behavior changes at 6-month follow-up, and, in 7.3% of the children, these behaviors persisted at 1-year follow-up. Nightmares, separation anxiety, eating problems, and increased fear of physicians were the most common problems at 2-week follow-up. Multivariate analysis demonstrated that child's age, number of siblings, and immediate preoperative anxiety of the child and mother predicted later behavioral problems. Conclusions: Variables such as situational anxiety of the mother, temperament of the child, age of the child, and quality of previous medical encounters predict a child's preoperative anxiety. Although immediate negative behavioral responses develop in a relatively large number of young children following surgery, the magnitude of these changes is limited, and long-term maladaptive behavioral responses develop in only a small minority. Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med. 1996;150:1238-1245
Prevalence of breast cancer treatment sequelae over 6 years of follow‐up

There is a need to better describe and understand the prevalence of breast cancer treatment‐related adverse effects amenable to physical therapy and rehabilitative exercise. Prior studies have been limited to single issues and lacked long‐term follow‐up. The Pulling Through Study provides data on prevalence of adverse effects in breast cancer survivors followed over 6 years.
Material Characterization and Low Cycle Fatigue Model of Low Ag Content Lead-Free Solder

In this paper, a method of design-for-reliability for the advanced electronic package under temperature cycling (TC) condition is demonstrated, including material characterization, reliability test, finite element analysis (FEA), and fatigue life model development. Tensile tests are conducted for Sn–1.0Ag–0.5Cu–0.02Ni (SAC105Ni0.02) solder alloy at four stain rates of <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$10^{{-5}}$ </tex-math></inline-formula>, <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$10^{{-4}}$ </tex-math></inline-formula>, <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$10^{{-3}}$ </tex-math></inline-formula>, and <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$10^{{-2}}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> and four test temperatures of − 35°C, 25 °C, 75 °C, and 125 °C to develop temperature- and strain rate-dependent material models. Tensile creep tests are carried out at various temperatures and stress levels to study creep behavior. TC reliability test is conducted for ball grid array package with SAC105Ni0.02 solder joints. Thermal fatigue lives are obtained from TC test with different failure rates. FEA simulation is carried out for each package using the developed mechanical properties and creep model of the solder. Fatigue life models with different failure rates are proposed for the SAC105Ni0.02 solder by combining simulation results and experimental data. Fatigue resistance of the SAC105Ni0.02 solder is comparable with that of high Ag content SAC solders.
Enhancing multiple fault diagnosis in combinational circuits based on sensitized paths and EB testing

In this paper, we improve the previous method by enhancing a set of diagnostic tests and using an EB testing method. We first enhance the previous set of diagnostic tests to one of diagnostic tests consisting of the four sets, TP-1, TP-2, TP-3 and TP-4. We next present two diagnostic methods by using the enhanced diagnostic tests and an electron-beam tester (EB-tester). Experimental results show that the presented method identified fault locations within 0.2 to 5% of all stuck-at faults on all lines in the circuit by probing about 0.8 to 15% internal lines.
強健性語音辨識中基於小波轉換之分頻統計補償技術的研究 (A Study of Sub-band Feature Statistics Compensation Techniques Based on a Discrete Wavelet Transform for Robust Speech Recognition) [In Chinese]

The environmental mismatch caused by additiv e noise and/or channel distortion often degrades th e perform ance of a s peech reco gnition sys tem seriously . V arious ro bustness techniques have been proposed to reduce this mismatch, and one category of them aim s to normalize the statistics of speech features in both training and testing conditions. In general, these statistics norm alization methods deal with the sp eech feature sequ ences in a f ull-band manner, which som ewhat ignores the fact th at different m odulation frequency com ponents
Strategic Leadership: The Windham Elementary Chromebook Initiative

At Windham Elementary School interactive whiteboards and a limited number tablets/laptops were available for instruction throughout the school. Lessons with the interactive whiteboards were teacher centered and the use of the tablets/laptops was sporadic. Using the strategic leadership essential skills, school faculty members determined that their students needed greater access to a collaborative digital environment if they are to be prepared to enter a 21st century work arena. As a result, Windham Elementary implemented a 1:1 Google Chromebook initiative in grades 3-6 over a three-year period to meet the collaborative and creative 21st century needs of the students and faculty. The faculty needed a platform that would allow for the sharing of lessons, insights, findings, and resources in a digital environment (Spires, Oliver, & Corn, 2012). Chromebooks provided an easily managed electronic environment (Yim, Warschauer, Zhang, & Lawrence, 2014).
The effect on medical practice of disciplinary complaints: potentially negative for patient care.

AIM To explore the personal and professional effect on general practitioners (GPs) of receiving a complaint against them to the (former) Medical Practitioners Disciplinary Committee, when the complaint did not proceed to a formal hearing. METHODS Ten GPs were interviewed by telephone, following an enrollment procedure that protected identities from the interviewer. Qualitative (thematic) analysis of indepth interviews was used to categorise doctors' perceived effects of complaints on practice and to develop a theory on why such effects should occur. RESULTS Receipt of a complaint had both short- and long-term effects on the doctor, and on their views of patients, society and the disciplinary process. There were immediate negative emotional responses that were sustained in the long-term in a way that adversely effected doctor-patient relationships beyond the relationship with the original complainant. Doctors reported short-term changes in their practice of medicine, with reduced ability to work confidently and decisively. Doctors also reported altered practice in the long-term in the direction of defensive medicine, by withdrawing from providing some services and avoiding perceived at-risk activities. CONCLUSION The impact of a complaint on the self of the doctor suggests a shame response. There may be a need for the relevant professional college to establish a rapid response 'crash team' to minimize the negative personal and professional effects of a complaint, even when the complaint does not proceed to a formal hearing.
Abortive replication of vaccinia virus in activated rabbit macrophages

During the course of infection of rabbits with vaccinia virus, macrophages obtained from the peritoneal cavity develop bactericidal activity and the replication of vaccinia virus becomes restricted in these cells. The abortive replication of vaccinia virus in the activated macrophages was characterized in the present study. The virus adsorbed to and was uncoated equally well in macrophages from both normal and infected rabbits. A burst of deoxyribonucleic acid synthesis of comparable magnitude took place 3 to 6 h after infection in both normal and activated macrophages. Although the production of viral antigens, as detected by immunodiffusion and immunofluorescence, was the same in both types of cells, very few virus particles were formed in activated as compared with normal macrophages. We conclude that a block in a late step of the virus replication cycle occurred in the activated macrophages.