Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Identification of Lactobacillus pentosus and Weissella confusa isolated from Uttapam batter fermented with Piper betle leaves

Uttapam batter fermented through lacto-yeast varies with source of cereals and seasons. A consortium of most beneficial lactic acid bacteria (LAB) as starter culture may influence favourably the fermentation process. Because Piper betle leaves have antifungal and antibacterial activity, its incorporation in the batter may influence the lacto-yeast fermentation and thereby the LAB profile, which was studied presently by molecular typing of bacteriocinogenic LAB isolates and evaluating their beneficial properties. The supplementation of Piper betle leaves during fermentation of Uttapam batter suppressed gas formation inferred from much less raising of batter. This might be because of the suppression of gas forming microorganisms by betel leaves. Twelve potent bacteriocinogenic isolates were identified at strain level by RAPD, 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis and species-specific PCR assays. The characterized nine strains belonged to Lactobacillus pentosus and three strains to Weissella confusa. The strains were non-haemolytic, cholesterol assimilating, β-galactosidase producing, resistant to betel leaf extracts and exhibited a wide spectrum of antimicrobial activity against various pathogens. Molecular tools could identify the isolates to species level. These bacteriocinogenic strains can be used as potential starter culture to influence beneficially the fermentation process subsequent to their evaluation for probiotic potential.
Epidemiology of Bovine tuberculosis in cattle and selected wild animals in the interface of Katavi Rukwa ecosystem, Tanzania.

A study on epidemiology bovine tuberculosis (BTB) in wildlife-livestock interface was undertaken in Katavi-Rukwa Ecosystem (KRE). The objective of the study was to generate epidemiology data of BTB in KRE interface. This study aimed to isolate members of the mycobacteria tuberculosis complex (MTC), determine the prevalence of the disease as well as evaluating Bovigam® and Stat Pak® serological diagnostic test. In year 2010 to 2012, 789 cattle were examined by single comparative intradermal tuberculin test (SCITT) and 328 livestock tissues were cultured. One hundred and seventy eight wild animals were also sampled; among these, 119 tissue samples from buffalo, lion, leopard and hartebeest were sampled opportunistically during professional hunting and game cropping operations in the protected areas. Out of 789 cattle tested, SCITT results indicated prevalence of 4.6 % [(95% confidence interval CI, 3.4-5.9)] and 10.7% [(95% CI, 7.8-11.9)] at ≥4 mm and >2 mm cut off, respectively. The prevalence was significantly affected by sex (female 5%, χ2= 56.4, p=0.03) and age (>2 years 5.8%, p=0.017). Typical tuberculous lesions were detected in 80% of tuberculosis reactor cattle tested from slaughter houses; among these, four isolates were MTC and were further genetically classified. Three isolates were identified as M. bovis strains and one isolate was M. tuberculosis. M. bovis isolates were grouped into three clusters of strains, and M. tuberculosis isolate was typified as East African Indian sub lineage (SIT 48, EAI1SOM). Three clusters of M. bovis strains were identified as SB0133 and SB1467 reported elsewhere in the world while a new spoligotype pattern was identified and reported for the first time referenced as SB2191 in M. bovis spoligotype database. Non tuberculous mycobacteria were detected in 25.9% and 12.6% of livestock and wildlife tissue cultures, respectively suggesting transmission in area. Bovigam was in good agreement with SCITT (p=0.001) in diagnosis of disease. It is recommended to government authority to
Post parturient neonatal behaviour and their relationship with maternal behaviour score, parity and sex in Surti buffaloes

ABSTRACT Present study was conducted to investigate the post parturient behavioural activities of Surti buffaloes (n = 25) and their calves using low light-intensity cameras and digital video recorder at five stages (I: from calving to half an hour, II: 6–6:30 hours, III: 12–12:30 hours, IV: 18–18:30 hours and V: 24–24:30 hours after calving) over a period of 24 h immediately after calving. Based on their maternal behaviour score (MBS) dams were categorized into two classes that is, group 1 (MBS = 1: very aggressive and 2: very attentive) and group 2 (MBS = 3: indifferent and 4: apathetic) where dam scored MBS 1 represented very aggressive and 4 apathetic. Overall eating time was significantly (P < .05) higher in buffalo cows of group 2 (8.87 ± 1.34 min) than in group 1 (5.37 ± 0.50 min). Dams of both the groups spent significantly (P < .05) longer time in sniffing and licking calf’s body and licking ano-genital area of calf during stage I than later stages. Significantly (P < .05) longer time intervals from birth to standing (53.03 ± 3.04 min) were observed in group 2 calves. A positive correlation (P < .01) was observed between the time interval from birth to suckling and duration of active teat seeking (0.525). It may be inferred that post parturient neonatal behaviour have certain level of relationship with maternal behaviour score, whereas, parity and sex did not show any significant effect on MBS in Surti buffaloes.
Contamination des terrains potagers par Echinococcus multilocularis, Toxoplasma gondii et Toxocara spp., parasites responsables de zoonoses transmises par l’alimentation

Les canides et felides peuvent etre hotes definitifs d’Echinococcus multilocularis, Toxoplasma gondii ou Toxocara spp. , parasites responsables de zoonoses transmissibles par l’alimentation. La consommation crue de fruits et legumes porteurs de leurs œufs ou oocystes peut etre source de contamination humaine. Cette etude visait a evaluer et caracteriser le risque d’exposition humaine lie au depot de feces de chats, chiens et renards dans les terrains potagers localises en regions d’endemie. Ce depot s’est avere important dans certains potagers des Ardennes. De plus, l’ADN d’E. multilocularis et Toxocara spp. a ete detecte dans 1/3 des feces collectees et 23 % des rongeurs pieges autours des potagers ont ete trouves infectes par au moins un des parasites d’interet, confirmant le risque d’exposition des hotes intermediaires. Parallelement, l’identification precise des facteurs responsables du depot de feces de carnivores a ete conduite sur 192 potagers familiaux ou professionnels des Ardennes et de la Moselle. Au total, 1016 feces de carnivores (59% de chats, 31% de renards et 10% de chiens) ont ete collectees au cours de huit sessions de prospection. Par modelisation, nous avons montre que la presence d’une cloture limite tres efficacement le depot de feces de renard, tandis que la presence de rongeurs ou d’arbres fruitiers a proximite le favorise. Enfin, la mise au point d’une methode sensible a permis la detection de l’ADN d’E. multilocularis et Toxocara spp dans 42 % et 12 % des terrains potagers. Au final, l’exposition humaine aux parasites etudies semble elevee dans certains potagers. Des mesures de prevention basees sur les resultats de l’etude sont proposees.
VOLTAGE-FREQUENCY AND REAL / REACTIVE POWER CONTROL OF PHOTOVOLTAIC SYSTEM

A control scheme for photovoltaic (PV) system using maximum power point tracking is presented in this paper. Also, real and reactive power control for the system is discussed. Frequency and voltage support is provided by this system on the load side. These control strategies illustrate the efficient synchronization among inverter voltage/frequency, real/reactive power control and maximum power point tracking control.
Gene Space and Transcriptome Assemblies of Leafy Spurge (Euphorbia esula) Identify Promoter Sequences, Repetitive Elements, High-Quality Markers, and a Full-Length Chloroplast Genome

Abstract Leafy spurge (Euphorbia esula L.) is an invasive perennial weed infesting range and recreational lands of North America. Previous research and omics projects with E. esula have helped develop it as a model for studying many aspects of perennial plant development and response to abiotic stress. However, the lack of an assembled genome for E. esula has limited the power of previous transcriptomics studies to identify functional promoter elements and transcription factor binding sites. An assembled genome for E. esula would enhance our understanding of signaling processes controlling plant development and responses to environmental stress and provide a better understanding of genetic factors impacting weediness traits, evolution, and herbicide resistance. A comprehensive transcriptome database would also assist in analyzing future RNA-seq studies and is needed to annotate and assess genomic sequence assemblies. Here, we assembled and annotated 56,234 unigenes from an assembly of 589,235 RNA-seq-derived contigs and a previously published Sanger-sequenced expressed sequence tag collection. The resulting data indicate that we now have sequence for >90% of the expressed E. esula proteincoding genes. We also assembled the gene space of E. esula by using a limited coverage (18X) genomic sequence database. In this study, the programs Velvet and Trinity produced the best gene-space assemblies based on representation of expressed and conserved eukaryotic genes. The results indicate that E. esula contains as much as 23% repetitive sequences, of which 11% are unique. Our sequence data were also sufficient for assembling a full chloroplast and partial mitochondrial genome. Further, marker analysis identified more than 150,000 high-quality variants in our E. esula L-RNA–scaffolded, whole-genome, Trinity-assembled genome. Based on these results, E. esula appears to have limited heterozygosity. This study provides a blueprint for low-cost genomic assemblies in weed species and new resources for identifying conserved and novel promoter regions among coordinately expressed genes of E. esula.
Pretreatment of lignocellulose for biotechnological production of lactic acid

The breakdown of biomass in pretreatment facilitates enzymatic hydrolysis by disrupting cell wall structures, driving lignin into solution or modification of the lignin structure, and reducing cellulose crystallinity and chain length, while preventing hydrolysis of cellulose. In an ideal situation the pretreatment leads to high yields of fermentable sugars with a limited formation of degradation products that inhibit enzymatic hydrolysis and fermentation to lactic acid, while remaining cost effective. This review deals with these challenges by providing information on available pretreatment technologies in general (chapter 3), and more specific on pretreatment of the model feedstock sugarcane bagasse (chapter 4). Techno economic studies are described in chapter 5 with the NREL study from 2011 as benchmark. This review starts with characteristics of lignocellulosic biomass in relation to compostion and formation of inhibitors.
On Framing

One of the common and commonsensical ways to distinguish cinema from every other art and semiotic system, and to define the property of its uniqueness, is to claim that cinema is the only art/"language" that links images. This "linking" can imply three different yet complementary operations. First, cinema links individual still photographs into an apparently continuous sequence of movement by pushing the individual frames or photographs through a camera or projector at sixteen or twentyfour or however many frames per second. Second, cinema links images by editing (or cutting, or montage, or decoupage), by splicing together individual shots, which are continuous chains of linked frames. Finally, cinema links images with sounds, synchronously or otherwise. The only problem with such an apparently unrestrictive and unprescriptive definition of cinema and the "cinematic" is that it obscures an essentially cinematic operation that precedes the linking of cinema images: the image must first be framed before it can be linked with another.
Mesenchymal stem cells for Glenoid chondral lesions: An exceptional use

Background: Damage to the articular cartilage is usually caused by accidental or athletic injuries or trauma often progressing to more severe joint diseases, such as osteoarthritis, subchondral bone necrosis, and arthritis. It is estimated that 15% of the world’s adult population is affected by joint diseases. The long-term success of cartilage repair depends on the development of alternative regenerative approaches. In recent years, the use of stem cells for the treatment of degenerative diseases has been widely explored. Here we report a case of exceptional use of autologous bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells expanded in medium supplemented with autologous platelet lysate in a patient with glenoid chondral erosion. Methods: A 17-year-old patient was diagnosed as having chondral erosion of the center of the labrum in the right shoulder, with symptoms of pain and insecurity in the right upper limb. Thirty days before arthroscopy, autologous platelets and stem cells were obtaind from apheresis and BM aspiration, respectively. Arthroscopy was then performed with the patient in the lateral decubitus position with arm abducted to 45° under manual traction. Microfracture was performed in the central region defect, and MSC intra-articular injection was performe after extensive washing with sterile saline. Discussion: No adverse reactions were observed. Two years after arthroscopy, there were no sign of lesion in cartilage, rotator cuff or biceps tendon were observed in magnetic resonance imaging. Further studies are needed to validate the clinical efficacy and safety of MSC injection for glenoid chondral defect treatment. Trial registration: The procedure was approved by Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre Research Ethics Committee protocol number 14-0545. Correspondence to: Lucia Silla, Cell Therapy and Technology Center, Hospital de Clinicas de Porto Alegre, HCPA, Porto Alegre, Ramiro Barcelos 2350-90035903, Brazil, Tel: 55 51 3359 8000; E-mail: lsilla@hcpa.edu. br
Compositions And Methods Modulating Mg29 For The Treatment Of Diabetes

Disclosed herein are compositions and methods for treatment of muscle dysfunction, including diabetes. In addition, the invention relates to therapeutic compositions comprising nucleotides and/or polypeptides of the invention in combination with a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier, wherein the composition facilitates the treatment of skeletal musle disorders. Moreover, the invention relates to the treatment and/or prevention of pathological conditions associated with altered intracellular Ca2+ reulgation and disrupted membrane structure that occurs when the expression levels of MG29 are reduced.
Subcutaneous Fat: Thermogenesis and Metabolic Benefits

Obesity and its associated metabolic diseases present a major public health problem around the world. The discovery that thermogenic fat is active in adult humans has sparked a renewal of interest in the study of its development and function and in the feasibility of using modulators of thermogenesis to work against obesity. In recent years it has been shown that there are at least two distinct types of thermogenic fat cells; brown and beige fat. In this review we discuss the transcriptional mediators of thermogenesis and the signaling molecules that regulate thermogenic cells. We also review the effects of thermogenic fat activation on whole body metabolic parameters and evaluate the increasing evidence that activating thermogenesis in humans can be a viable method of ameliorating obesity. In these discussions we highlight targets that can potentially be stimulated or modified in anti-obesity treatments.
An Examination of Needs, Matched Services, and Child Protective Services Re-Report Among Families With Complex Needs

Objective: Matching needs and services among families investigated by child protective services agencies (CPS) may reduce incidents of recidivism, such as re-reports to CPS. Yet, many families under CPS supervision do not receive the matched services they need, or they receive unneeded services. Thus, this study examines the relationship between needs, matched services, and CPS re-report. Method: Data are from a longitudinal study of a community-based prevention initiative aimed at strengthening families at risk of child maltreatment. The sample included 836 caregivers with complex needs whose children remained at home following an initial CPS investigation. The Family Assessment Form was used to measure concrete, educational/parenting, and clinical needs and matched services. Bivariate and multivariable logistic regressions were used to examine relationships among needs, services, a match, and a subsequent CPS report. Results: Concrete needs, educational/parenting needs, and clinical needs involving mental health were appropriately matched; complex needs related to domestic violence and substance use were not well matched. Only matched educational/parenting services were associated with reduced odds of a re-report. Conclusions: Findings suggest that increased attention to educational and parenting factors may be key to improving engagement and reducing re-reports following a CPS investigation.
Landsat archive holdings for Finland: opportunities for forest monitoring

There is growing interest in the use of Landsat data to enable forest monitoring over large areas. Free and open data access combined with high performance computing have enabled new approaches to Landsat data analysis that use the best observation for any given pixel to generate an annual, cloud-free, gap-free, surface reflectance image composite. Finland has a long history of incorporating Landsat data into its National Forest Inventory to produce forest information in the form of thematic maps and small area statistics on a variety of forest attributes. Herein we explore the spatial and temporal characteristics of the Landsat archive in the context of forest monitoring in Finland. The United States Geological Survey Landsat archive holds a total of 30 076 images (1972–2017) for 66 scenes (each 185 km by 185 km in size) representing the terrestrial area of Finland, of which 93.6% were acquired since 1984 with a spatial resolution of 30 m. Approximately 16.3% of the archived images have desired compositing characteristics (acquired within August 1 ±30 days, <70% cloud cover, 30 m spatial resolution). Data from the Landsat archive can augment forest monitoring efforts in Finland, provide new information for science and applications, and enable retrospective, systematic analyses to characterize the development of Finnish forests over the past three decades. The capacity to monitor trends based upon this multi-decadal record with the addition of new measurements is of benefit to multisource inventories and offers nationally comprehensive spatially-explicit datasets for a wide range of stakeholders and applications.
Evolution, systematics, and natural history of a new genus of cryptobiotic fungus‐growing ants

Xerolitor, a new, monotypic genus of fungus‐growing ants, is described to accommodate the phylogenetically isolated, relict species Mycetosoritis explicatus Kempf. We also diagnose the male and the larva of Xerolitor explicatus (Kempf) comb.n. and report ecological observations for the species, including nest architecture and foraging behaviour. Xerolitor explicatus comb.n. inhabits the dry habitats of the Brazilian Cerrado and the Bolivian and Paraguayan Gran Chaco. Bayesian multilocus phylogenetic analyses indicate that X. explicatus comb.n. is, contrary to some prior hypotheses, a member of the ‘higher’ fungus‐growing ants and the sister taxon of the genus Sericomyrmex Mayr. Results from phylogenetic analyses of the fungal cultivar grown by X. explicatus comb.n. in Paraguay, as well as the presence of gongylidia, indicate that the fungal mutualist is a member of the clade of higher fungal cultivar species and that it is probably the same species cultivated by some Trachymyrmex Forel and Sericomyrmex species.
Human Performance and Data Fusion Based Decision Aids

– Decision-aids based on data fusion technologies may be applied to support decision-making in a variety of environments, ranging from military command and control situations to intelligent transportation applications. In any situation, the ultimate performance of human decision-maker/decision-aid system depends not only on the quality of the aid, but on the human decision-maker’s utilization of the information provided by the aid. This utilization can be affected by many factors, including the degree of trust the decision-maker has in the aid, and the form in which information is presented to the decision-maker. This paper describes a framework for investigating trust in data-fusion based decision aids, and results from a pilot experiment in which distorted and blended graphical forms were used to represent uncertain information.
A staggered scheme for variable density Navier-Stokes equations with non-conforming local refinement

In this paper, we build and analyze a scheme for the time-dependent variable density NavierStokes equations, able to cope with unstructured non-conforming meshes, with hanging nodes. The time advancement relies on a pressure correction algorithm and the space approximation is based on a low-order staggered non-conforming finite element, the so-called Rannacher-Turek element. The convection term in the momentum balance equation is discretized by a finite volume technique, and a careful construction of the fluxes, especially through non-conforming faces, ensures that the solution obeys a discrete kinetic energy balance. Its consistency is addressed by analyzing a model problem, namely the convection-diffusion equation, for which we theoretically establish a first order convergence in space for energy norms. This convergence order is also observed in the numerical experiments for the Navier-Stokes equations.
Smart Contract Vulnerabilities: Vulnerable Does Not Imply Exploited

In recent years, we have seen a great deal of both academic and practical interest in the topic of vulnerabilities in smart contracts, particularly those developed for the Ethereum blockchain. While most of the work has focused on detecting vulnerable contracts, in this paper, we focus on ﬁnding how many of these vulnerable contracts have actually been exploited . We survey the 23,327 vulnerable contracts reported by six recent academic projects and ﬁnd that, despite the amounts at stake, only 1.98% of them have been exploited since deployment. This corresponds to at most 8,487 ETH (~1.7 million USD 1 ), or only 0.27% of the 3 million ETH (600 million USD) at stake. We explain these results by demonstrating that the funds are very concentrated in a small number of contracts which are not exploitable in practice.
A review on status, opportunities and future scope of Augmented Reality

Augmented Reality, A technology by which we can embed a computer generated objects on the user’s view of real world. It in an interactive way by which computer generated information i.e. graphics, texts, audio as well as virtual elements became part of this world. With the advancement of technology it is not just limited to desktop or mobile devices. Augmented reality is not a new topic but the recent advances in smartphone devices (in terms of hardware and software) make this technology got hype. Further AR is an interesting and emerging topic among researcher and students. AR has vast potential and has to be explored. This paper surveys the history, current status, opportunities and future scope of Augmented Reality. The basic comparison between Augmented versus Virtual Reality and how technical limitations affect augmented reality. Moreover, it also explains different application areas, related to that and the future aspects of augmented reality as well. Thus, the present study will be helpful.