Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Detection of oral squamous cell carcinoma metastasis with cathepsin D: An immunohistochemical approach

Background: The lysosomal protease cathepsin D (CD) has been associated with tumor progression in malignant tumors including oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). The purpose of this study was to find out any association between the CD and lymph node metastasis and to study the correlation of CD with various clinicopathological parameters to aid in assessment of its role as a prognostic indicator. Materials and Methods: Immunohistochemical staining was performed on 20 OSCC samples with polyclonal antibody against CD. Positive results indicative of the presence of CD were further analyzed to determine any correlation between the CD and other clinicopathological parameters. Pearson Chi-square analyses, Spearsman correlation coefficient, Mann-Whitney test, Kruskal Wallis test and student t test were used for statistical analysis (P < 0.05). Results: Patients with lymph node metastasis showed statistically significant increase in CD expression (P < 0.01). Increasing tumor size seemed to correlate with increased CD expression (P < 0.05). Conclusion: Based on its association with other clinicopathological variables, CD expression can be used for the assessment of patient survival in cases of OSCC.
Clinical Features of Pulmonary Large Cell Neuroendocrine Carcinoma.

PURPOSE This study was performed to investigate the clinical features of large cell neuroendocrine carcinomas (LCNEC). MATERIALS AND METHODS We retrospectively reviewed the histopathology and clinical information of 37 patients with LCNEC, diagnosed between June 1992 and May 2002 at the Severance Hospital, and performed immunohistochemical (IHC) staining. RESULTS The prevalence of LCNEC among primary lung cancers was 0.3%, 37 out of 13, 012 cases over a 10 year period. The mean age was 61+/-12 years old, with 34 (92%) males and 3 (8%) females. 30 patients smoked, with an average of 42 packs per year. A cough was the most frequent symptom. The tumor was located at the periphery of the lung in 24 cases (65%). Among the 30 cases that underwent surgery, 4 were diagnosed pathological stage IA, 11 IB, 1 IIB, 13 IIIA and 1 IIIB. The 7 clinically non-operable cases were IIIB in 3, and IV in 4. The positive rates of CD56, thyroid transcription factor-1 (TTF-1), chromogranin A, synaptophysin and 34betaE12 for tumor cells were 88.9, 55.6, 42.1, 31.6 and 21.1%, respectively, from the IHC staining. The median survival time and 5 year-survival rate were 24 months and 27%, respectively. The group that underwent surgery had a better prognosis than those that did not. CONCLUSION The positive rates for the tumor markers varied, but those of the CD56 and TFT-1 were the highest. The possibility of LCNEC needs to be evaluated for the following situations: small cell carcinomas located at the periphery and not responding chemotherapy, small cell carcinomas diagnosed by percutaneous needle aspiration, poorly differentiated non-mall cell carcinomas, with uncertain histologic type, and unclassified neuroendocrine tumor, etc.
Plant metabolomics coming of age.

Department of Environmental Horticulture, Plant Molecular and Cellular Biology Program, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA Max Planck Institute for Molecular Plant Physiology, Wissenschaftspark Golm, Am Muehlenberg 1, Potsdam-Golm 14476, Germany Department of Forest Genetics and Plant Physiology, Umeå Plant Science Centre, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, SE-901 87 Umeå, Sweden e-mail: clguy@ufl.edu
Evaluation of biologic end points and pharmacokinetics in patients with metastatic breast cancer after treatment with erlotinib, an epidermal growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitor.

PURPOSE To evaluate changes in epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) phosphorylation and its downstream signaling in tumor and surrogate tissue biopsies in patients with metastatic breast cancer treated with erlotinib, an EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitor, and to assess relationships between biomarkers in tumor and normal tissues and between biomarkers and pharmacokinetics. PATIENTS AND METHODS Eighteen patients were treated orally with 150 mg/d of erlotinib. Ki67, EGFR, phosphorylated EGFR (pEGFR), phosphorylated mitogen-activated protein kinase (pMAPK), and phosphorylated AKT (pAKT) in 15 paired tumor, skin, and buccal mucosa biopsies (at baseline and after 1 month of therapy) were examined by immunohistochemistry and analyzed quantitatively. Pharmacokinetic sampling was also obtained. RESULTS The stratum corneum layer and Ki67 in keratinocytes of the epidermis in 15 paired skin biopsies significantly decreased after treatment (P = .0005 and P = .0003, respectively). No significant change in Ki67 was detected in 15 tumors, and no responses were observed. One was EGFR-positive and displayed heterogeneous expression of the receptor, and 14 were EGFR-negative. In the EGFR-positive tumor, pEGFR, pMAPK, and pAKT were reduced after treatment. Paradoxically, pEGFR was increased in EGFR-negative tumors post-treatment (P = .001). Although markers were reduced in surrogate and tumor tissues in the patient with EGFR-positive tumor, no apparent associations were observed in patients with EGFR-negative tumor. CONCLUSION Erlotinib has inhibitory biologic effects on normal surrogate tissues and on an EGFR-positive tumor. The lack of reduced tumor proliferation may be attributed to the heterogeneous expression of receptor in the EGFR-positive patient and absence of target in this cohort of heavily pretreated patients.
Changing Trends in Dietary Pattern and Implications to Food and Nutrition Security in Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN)

Availability, accessibility and food affordability does not necessarily guarantee its nutritional quality. A core component of food security includes nutrient utilization which reflects the need for dietary quality for an active and healthy lifestyle. Traditional diets particularly in urban areas are being replaced by diets higher in fats, salts and animal products and often with lower intakes of fresh fruits and vegetables resulting in a nutrition transition. Food consumption expressed in kilocalories (kcal) per capita per day is a key variable for measuring and evaluating the changes in dietary patterns. Back in the 1970s, the food consumption per capita in Indonesia, Lao PDR, Myanmar, Philippines and Vietnam measured less than 2200 kcal/day. A daily energy intake of 2200 kcal is regarded as necessary to avoid malnutrition. At present, it would appear that all SEA countries have increased to more than 2300 kcal/day. Obesity can co-exist with malnutrition in the same society. When food insecurity exists, dietary quality may be compromised which leads to higher intake of energy from food that are high in fat and carbohydrate, but low in nutrients and lack diversity. There have been increases in energy contribution from added vegetable oils and added sugars. Drivers for dietary pattern changes include trade liberalisation, international food trade leading to ‘burgerization’, foreign direct investment, emergence of supermarkets and fast food chains, increase in income and socioeconomic gains, urbanisation and access to social and mass media. Nutrition-related non-communicable diseases (NR-NCD) stems largely from the transition from traditional to contemporary patterns of food consumption and physical activity. Intervention strategies include rolling out the National Plan of Action for Nutrition (NPAN) (e.g. in Malaysia) which aims to ensure household food and nutrition security for all and to prevent and control diet-related non-communicable diseases. Economic measures such as imposing tax on sugar and energy-dense but nutrient-poor food. Labelling, home economics emphasizing the importance of nutrition security and the promotion of traditional healthy diets should be targeted among local communities and in the education system.
Lecithin:Cholesterol Acyltransferase (LCAT) Deficiency: Renal Lesions with Early Graft Recurrence

Familial lecithin:cholesterol acyltransferase (LCAT) deficiency is a rare metabolic disease with lipid deposition in several organs. The authors report a man with hypertension and proteinuria. Renal biopsy revealed glomerular changes, including peculiar thrombus-like deposits, consistent with LCAT deficiency. He was found to be compound heterozygous for two mutations of the LCAT gene. He received a kidney graft from his father. The authors also describe LCAT deficiency-related lesions in the explanted native kidneys and in biopsies at 2 days, 6 weeks, and 1 year after transplantation. The morphology of this disease is characteristic, and the diagnosis should be suspected from the ultrastructural findings.
Bystander Privacy in Lifelogging

Lifelogging, a technique for digitally gathering every moment in life using wearable cameras, is a growing phenomenon. However, it is important to remember that in addition to recording their own lives, users are recording others as well, which raises privacy issues around lifelogging from a bystander's perspective. This warrants conducting bystander-focused privacy studies in an uncontrolled environment, by reaping upon the experience of practitioners from multiple domains, but not limited to, urban science, sociology, privacy, usability, psychology, and law, to design such studies.
A Pilot Study of Eight-Session Mindfulness-Based Cognitive Therapy Adapted for Women’s Sexual Interest/Arousal Disorder

While few treatment options exist for low sexual desire and arousal, the most common sexual dysfunction in women, a growing body of research supports the efficacy of mindfulness-based approaches. The mechanisms underlying improvements, and whether they are due to mindfulness practice or other treatment components, are unclear. As a result, we designed and pilot-tested an eight-session group mindfulness-based cognitive therapy for sexuality (MBCT-S) program that includes more extensive practice of mindfulness skills and closely aligns with the evidence-based MBCT program for depression and anxiety. A total of 26 women (mean age 43.9, range 25 to 63) with a diagnosis of sexual interest/arousal disorder participated in eight weekly group sessions, before and after which they completed validated questionnaires. The majority of women attended all sessions and completed the recommended at-home mindfulness exercises. Compared to baseline, women reported significant improvements in sexual desire, overall sexual function, and sex-related distress, regardless of treatment expectations, relationship duration, or low desire duration. Depressed mood and mindfulness also significantly improved and mediated increases in sexual function. These pilot data suggest that eight-session MBCT-S is feasible and significantly improves sexual function, and provide the basis for a larger randomized-controlled trial (RCT) with a longer follow-up period.
Oral treatment with a glucosamine-chondroitin sulfate compound for degenerative joint disease in horses: 25 cases

Tarek A. Hammad, MD, PhD, Msc, MS Department of Epidemiology University of Maryland School of Medicine Baltimore, Maryland 21 201 D egenerative joint disease (Dl and its associated joint pathorogy contributes significantly to musculoskeletal lameness and loss of function in athletic and pleasure Cartilage is made up of collagen fibers, glycosaminoglycans (GAG), and proteoglycans in a predominately water m a t r i ~ . ~ , ~ A decrease in GAG content in osteoarthritic cartilage is associated in direct proportion with the severity of the disea~e. ~-~ With a loss of GAG content the articular cartilage loses its elasticity and ability to bear and transmit forces efficiently, thus resulting in a cascading cycle of more cartilage insults. ' This complex process results in the net loss of cartilage and eventual death of the chondrocy te~ . ~ Traditional treatment of DJD has centered around non steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) and steroidal therap ie~ . ~ The chronic use of many of these agents can decrease or suppress chondrocyte metabolism and cause further degradation of the cartilage matrix by the inhibition of normal collagen and proteoglycans synthesis. Some NSAlDs can cause gastrointestinal ulceration and hemorrhage.g,10 The problems and limitations of NSAlDs and steroidal anti-inflammatory agents have recently led to a search for agents that relieve pain and inflammation and limit or reverse cartilage degeneration side effects. '' C agents have been without hondrop rotective
RGB-D camera-based tracking system for an amphibious spherical robot

To execute vision-based tasks of the amphibious spherical robot, a visual tracking system was designed and constructed. A RGB-D camera was calibrated in the amphibious environments and was then used to perceive the surroundings of the robot. A RGB-D tracker, which was capable of handling occlusions and scale changes of the target, was built upon the KCF tracker to locate the target object. HoG and CN features in the color images were extracted to describe the target object. The scale and position models of the object was established using the Gaussian model and the depth histogram of the object. The occlusion event was recognized by segmenting the depth image and using an empirical formula. The online update process of the KCF tracker was temporarily stopped once an occlusion event was detected. Experimental results with various image sequences in amphibious environments demonstrated the effectiveness and robustness of the proposed tracking algorithm, which can meet the application requirements of the amphibious spherical robots.
Formation of self-organized dynamic structure patterns of barium carbonate crystals in polymer-controlled crystallization.

Ofthemanychallenges facing materials science, the development ofbottom-up crystallization strategies enabling the directgrowthofnanocrystalassemblieswithpatternsremainsanattractive,butelusivegoal.Livingorganismsaccuratelyandroutinelycreatecom-plex,spatiallywell-definedfunctionalmesoscopicsuperstruc-tures,whichcannowbepartlymimicked.
Energy-Efficient Clustering Algorithm in Underwater Sensor Networks Based on Fuzzy C Means and Moth-Flame Optimization Method

Underwater sensor networks (UWSN) often suffers from the irreplaceable batteries and high delay of long-distance communications, thus one of the most important issues on UWSN is how to extend the lifespan of the network and balance the energy consumption of each node by reducing the transmission distances. Actually, clustering method is one of the main methods to resolve the problem. In the clustered UWSN, the major concerns are obtaining appropriate number of clusters, forming the clusters and selecting an optimal cluster head(CH) with each cluster. This paper proposes a novel hybrid clustering method based on fuzzy c means (FCM) and moth-flame optimization method (MFO) to improve the performance of the network(FCMMFO). The idea is to form energy-efficient clusters by using FCM and then use an optimization algorithm MFO to select the optimal CH within each cluster. The simulation results validate the energy-efficient performance of FCMMFO in comparison with the other existing algorithms. The results clearly show the significant impact of FCMMFO on energy-efficiency in UWSN.
Computing the integer points of a polyhedron

The integer points of polyhedral sets are of interest in many areas of mathematical sciences, see for instance the landmark textbooks of A. Schrijver [18] and A. Barvinok [3], as well as the compilation of articles [4]. One of these areas is the analysis and transformation of computer programs. For instance, integer programming [6] is used by P. Feautrier in the scheduling of for-loop nests [7], Barvinok's algorithm [2] for counting integer points in polyhedra is adapted by M. Köppe and S. Verdoolaege in [15] to answer questions like how many memory locations are touched by a for-loop nest. In [16], W. Pugh proposes an algorithm, called the Omega Test, for testing whether a polyhedron has integer points. In the same paper, W. Pugh shows how to use the Omega Test for performing dependence analysis [16] in for-loop nests. In [17], W. Pugh also suggests, without stating a formal algorithm, that the Omega Test could be used for quantifier elimination on Presburger formulas. This observation is a first motivation for the work presented here.
SELECTION ON AGE AT REPRODUCTION IN DROSOPHILA MELANOGASTER: FEMALE MATING FREQUENCY AS A CORRELATED RESPONSE

Abstract We examined the effect of selection for age at reproduction on female mating frequency and fertility in female Drosophila melanogaster. Selection for increased age at reproduction (and hence increased lifespan) resulted in higher late life female mating frequencies, while females selected for younger ages at reproduction showed increased early life mating frequencies. These results indicate that the response to selection on age at reproduction has involved changes in the scheduling of female reproductive behavior. Editor: L. Nunney
Numerical design of dual-beam open-end waveguide antenna array for the angular diversity at millimeter waves

This paper presents the design of open-end waveguide antenna array for dual-beam radiations at millimeter waves to provide an angular diversity. The array is consisted of four elements with a beam forming network (BFN) designed to form two beams with two excitation ports. The antenna architecture and BFN design are presented with the radiation examined to demonstrate the characteristics.
Frequency-dependent selection: minority male mating advantage in Drosophila.

In frequency-dependent selection the fitness of a given genotype depends on its frequency. Frequency dependence may be positive or negative. In the positive case any rare variant is at a disadvantage, whereas rare forms are favoured in the negative case. One of the best-studied examples of frequency-dependent selection is the rare male mating advantage or minority male mating advantage (negative frequency-dependent selection). This could be of considerable evolutionary significance as it can maintain high levels of genetic polymorphism without any genetic load at equilibrium. Rare male mating advantage has been extensively studied in the genus Drosophila where its existence has been proved in twelve species. It has also been demonstrated in other insects and vertebrates. It has been shown to occur in morphological mutants, inversion karyotypes, isozyme variants, geographic strains, strains reared at different temperatures and those having behavioural differences. Rare male mating advantage has been shown to occur in inversion karyotypes of natural populations of certain species of Drosophila. In certain cases, the rare male mating advantage was tested for, but its existence could not be proved. The expression of rare male mating advantage may be affected by age of the females, temperature or experimental protocol, exposure to other flies, previous mating experience and sex ratio. The generality of this phenomenon where rare males are favoured in mating has been accepted, but there is still much discussion and controversy concerning its causes. A number of explanations have been proposed to account for the rare male effect.
Heptahelical protein PQLC2 is a lysosomal cationic amino acid exporter underlying the action of cysteamine in cystinosis therapy

Cystinosin, the lysosomal cystine exporter defective in cystinosis, is the founding member of a family of heptahelical membrane proteins related to bacteriorhodopsin and characterized by a duplicated motif termed the PQ loop. PQ-loop proteins are more frequent in eukaryotes than in prokaryotes; except for cystinosin, their molecular function remains elusive. In this study, we report that three yeast PQ-loop proteins of unknown function, Ypq1, Ypq2, and Ypq3, localize to the vacuolar membrane and are involved in homeostasis of cationic amino acids (CAAs). We also show that PQLC2, a mammalian PQ-loop protein closely related to yeast Ypq proteins, localizes to lysosomes and catalyzes a robust, electrogenic transport that is selective for CAAs and strongly activated at low extracytosolic pH. Heterologous expression of PQLC2 at the yeast vacuole rescues the resistance phenotype of an ypq2 mutant to canavanine, a toxic analog of arginine efficiently transported by PQLC2. Finally, PQLC2 transports a lysine-like mixed disulfide that serves as a chemical intermediate in cysteamine therapy of cystinosis, and PQLC2 gene silencing trapped this intermediate in cystinotic cells. We conclude that PQLC2 and Ypq1–3 proteins are lysosomal/vacuolar exporters of CAAs and suggest that small-molecule transport is a conserved feature of the PQ-loop protein family, in agreement with its distant similarity to SWEET sugar transporters and to the mitochondrial pyruvate carrier. The elucidation of PQLC2 function may help improve cysteamine therapy. It may also clarify the origin of CAA abnormalities in Batten disease.
Waldertrag und Anbaurisiko in einer unsicheren Klimazukunft

Waldertrag und Anbaurisiko in einer unsicheren Klimazukunft Die durch den Klimawandel verursachte Anderung der klimatischen Rahmenbedingungen fuhrt zu einer deutlichen, aber unsicheren Anderung des Waldwachstums und des naturalen Risikos beim Anbau der Baumarten. Der finanzielle Erfolg als wichtiges Kriterium betrieblicher Entscheidungen wird vom naturalen Ertrag und Risiko wesentlich beeinflusst. Diese Studie stellt ein neues Konzept vor, wie die zukunftige Entwicklung (potenzieller) Ertrage und Risiken durch Verwendung uberregionaler Daten abgeschatzt werden kann. Dadurch lassen sich beliebige Bestande in einem Ertrags-Risiko-Koordinatensystem verorten; ihre zukunftige Entwicklung wird durch Trajektorien im Ertrags-Risiko-Raum abgebildet. Diese streng analytische Herangehensweise kann der Praxis die betriebliche Entscheidung nicht abnehmen, sie kann sie aber erleichtern und objektivieren. Die Anwendung bewahrter okonomischer Prinzipien wie des Vorsichtsprinzips oder des Grundsatzes der Flexibilitat knup.
Key Issues in Modeling of Complex 3D Structures from Video Sequences

Construction of three-dimensional structures from video sequences has wide applications for intelligent video analysis. This paper summarizes the key issues of the theory and surveys the recent advances in the state of the art. Reconstruction of a scene object from video sequences often takes the basic principle of structure from motion with an uncalibrated camera. This paper lists the typical strategies and summarizes the typical solutions or algorithms for modeling of complex three-dimensional structures. Open difficult problems are also suggested for further study.