Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
60. ISOLATED PULMONARY METASTATIS FROM PROSTATE ADENOCARCINOMA EIGHTEEN YEARS AFTER PRIMARY RESECTION

Background: Solitary pulmonary metastasis from prostate adenocarcinoma is rare, with only 18 described cases in the English literature. Most pulmonary metastases from prostate adenocarcinoma show microacinar and ductal patterns, and are likely to feature cribriform architecture. However, a cribriform pattern can also occur in primary lung adenocarcinoma, and immunostains are required to differentiate between the two. We report a case of an elderly man with an isolated left lower lung nodule, which was shown to be metastatic prostate adenocarcinoma. This illustrates the importance of considering prostatic metastasis when assessing a solitary lung lesion. Case report: An 86-year-old man presented with a left lower lobe lung nodule found on CT and FDG-PET, on a background of radical prostatectomy in 1995 for adenocarcinoma (T2aN0M0, Gleason 4 + 4). His recent PSA levels were mildly raised (6.91 in September 2013). However, there were no osseous lesions. A primary lung lesion was therefore suspected, and he underwent left lower lobectomy. Histopathology showed a 28 mm lesion, with cribriform and papillary architecture and focal intraluminal necrosis. In view of the suggestive morphology, immunostaining for PSA and AMACR were performed; these were positive. Staining for CK7, CK20, TTF1, Napsin A, EGFR (exons 19,21) and ALK1 were negative. This confirmed metastatic prostate adenocarcinoma, with mixed ductal and acinar patterns (Gleason 4 + 5 = 9). Post-operatively, the patient made a good recovery, and his PSA level fell rapidly (0.05 in February 2014). Conclusion: Although rare, solitary pulmonary metastasis from prostate adenocarcinoma can occur, even more than a decade after initial excision. Therefore, this should be considered as a differential when evaluating a pulmonary lesion.
Inclusive diffraction in future electron-proton and electron-ion colliders

We analyze the possibilities for the study of inclusive diffraction offered by future electron-proton/nucleus colliders in the tera-electron-volt regime, the Large Hadron-electron Collider (LHeC) as an upgrade of the HL-LHC, and the Future Circular Collider in electron-hadron mode. Compared to ep collisions at HERA, we find an extension of the available kinematic range in x by a factor of order 20 and of the maximum Q2 by a factor of order 100 for LHeC, while the Future Circular Collider (FCC) version would extend the coverage by a further order of magnitude both in x and Q2. This translates into a range of the available momentum fraction of the diffractive exchange with respect to the hadron (ζ), down to 10-4-10-5 for a wide range of the momentum fraction of the parton with respect to the diffractive exchange (β). Using the same framework and methodology employed in previous studies at HERA, considering only the experimental uncertainties and not those stemming from the functional form of the initial conditions or other ones of theoretical origin, and under very conservative assumptions for the luminosities and systematic errors, we find an improvement in the extraction of diffractive parton densities from fits to reduced cross sections for inclusive coherent diffraction in ep by about an order of magnitude. For eA, we also perform the simulations for the Electron Ion Collider. We find that an extraction of the currently unmeasured nuclear diffractive parton densities is possible with accuracy similar to that in ep.
Flexible materials for terahertz optics: advantages of graphite-based structures

Flexible materials for applications in terahertz (THz) range imaging systems are investigated in this study. THz time-domain spectroscopy and THz imaging at 0.6 THz frequency are used to analyze optical properties of zone plates (TZP) with integrated cross-shaped filters, which are fabricated using direct laser writing on thin graphite, HB pencil-shaded graphite on paper, as well as reference metal-based and pure paper zone plates. Spectral features and focusing power comparable to the best metal-based TZP is achieved with graphite-based TZP. The pure paper and paper with pencil-shaded graphite TZPs showed increase in focusing power by a factor of ∼1.5, supporting numerical 3D finite-difference time-domain simulations. The findings show that graphite-based TZPs can serve as a flexible, compact, and inexpensive optics elements for emerging THz imaging systems.
Consistent mean field optimality conditions for interacting agent systems

We are interested in the derivation of optimality conditions for controlled interacting agent systems. We establish the relation between mean field optimality conditions and the optimality condition of the mean field control problem. This link is important for many recently published articles on control strategies for agent based systems since it establishes the precise relation between multipliers for the individual agents and the probability density distribution of the multipliers in the mean field limit. The relation to different notions of differentiability are also shown.
ONDAS DE FRIO INTENSAS SOBRE O CENTRO-NORTE DO ESTADO DE SÃO PAULO DE 1961 A 2017

Este estudo teve como objetivo elaborar uma metodologia para identificação das ondas de frio (OF) mais intensas ocorridas no centro-norte do Estado de São Paulo entre 1961 e 2017. Para tanto, foram usados dados de temperatura mínima e máxima medidos em 10 estações meteorológicas convencionais. O método de identificação das OF consistiu em compilar as informações das 10 séries temporais em apenas uma e na aplicação de um percentil muito restritivo, de 0,2%, para seleção dos casos mais intensos de OF. Foram identificadas 12 OF intensas, com duração média de 5 dias. Todos os casos provocaram geada na região de estudo, que muitas vezes causaram perdas na agricultura. Para descrição do padrão sinótico da atmosfera associado com os casos de OF, foi realizada uma análise de composição (média de uma dada variável atmosférica em datas específicas). Em superfície, foi observado que a incursão de ar polar para latitudes mais baixas ocorre devido às características de circulação do Anticiclone Subtropical do Pacífico Sul (ASPS) e de uma baixa pressão no oceano Atlântico, que interagem favorecendo a advecção de ar frio. Em médios e altos níveis da atmosfera, observa-se um padrão de onda amplificado, com crista no Pacífico e cavado no Atlântico e América do Sul, que propicia o avanço do ar frio para o norte e dá suporte dinâmico ao centro de alta pressão migratório.
Reduced-order modeling for membrane wings at low Reynolds numbers

The present work develops reduced-order models for the fluid-structure interaction of two-dimensional membrane wings at low Reynolds numbers. The fluid-structure interaction models are obtained from the coupling between a linear unsteady aerodynamic model and a structural membrane model. The linear aerodynamic model is derived from high-fidelity simulations at low Reynolds numbers using a system identification procedure. It is able to model the unsteady aerodynamic loads generated by a deflection of the wing, decomposed into its rigid and flexible degrees of freedom. The rigid degrees of freedom are represented by pitching and plunging, while the flexible degrees of freedom are decomposed into Fourier modes. The aerodynamic model is presented in state-space form, hence it is compatible with modern feedback control frameworks. Feedback control techniques are employed to investigate the performance of the individual degrees of freedom of the wing in tracking a reference lift and rejecting external disturbances. A one-dimensional nonlinear equation is adopted to model the structural dynamics of the membrane wing. From the nonlinear model, two lower-order approximations are derived by means of a truncated Taylor expansion: a quasi-linear model and a linear model. From the coupling with the linear aerodynamic model, a nonlinear, a quasi-linear and a linear fluid-structure interaction model are obtained. These models are adopted to investigate the static aeroelastic response and the stability of the membrane wing at different Reynolds numbers. Using Harmonic Balance methods, the forced aeroelastic response to pitching and the autonomous response of linearly unstable cases are also studied. Finally, an adjoint-based optimization procedure is employed to optimize the aerodynamic response of the membrane to an external disturbance in the form of a convective vortex. The results are compared against high-fidelity Direct Numerical Simulation to validate the predictive capabilities of the models and to discuss their range of applicability.
Antimicrobial Susceptibility of Pseudomonas aeruginosa Is Improved by Pharmacist's Intervention in the Use of Antimicrobial Agents

Summary Many smaller hospitals have no infectious disease specialist, clinical nurse specialist, or clinical microbiological laboratory technician. Under such conditions, pharmacists must provide a lead in infection control. In 2008, Niitsu Medical Center Hospital experienced an outbreak of multidrug-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa (MDRP), and board certiˆed infection control pharmacy specialists were pivotal in promoting the correct use of antimicrobial agents to improve the antimicrobial resistance rate of P. aeruginosa to imipenem (IPM) and amikacin (AMK). As a result of the promotion of implementation of bacterial culture testing, rounds for correct use of antimicrobial agents, and therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM) of antimicrobial agents, the susceptibility of P. aeruginosa to IPM and AMK was improved. ( Jpn Environment Infect 2012; 27: 285  291)
Biorreator com membranas anaeróbio de duplo estágio para o tratamento do vinhoto

O presente estudo avaliou o tratamento do vinhoto atraves de um biorreator com membranas anaerobio (BRMan) de duplo estagio. Visando uma melhor compreensao das caracteristicas do efluente e do seu comportamento durante a degradacao biologica, a primeira parte dapesquisa foi destinada a caracterizacao fisico-quimica detalhada do vinhoto e a avaliacao da sua biodegradabilidade aerobia e anaerobia. Posteriormente foi estudado o tratamento do vinhoto em um sistema constituido de um reator acidogenico de fluxo ascendente seguido porum reator metanogenico conjugado com um modulo de membranas. As amostras de vinhoto diferiram bastante entre si; entretanto, os parâmetros referentes a fracao soluvel das amostras, em geral, apresentaram menor variabilidade. Os resultados dos testes de biodegradabilidade e DQO inerte indicaram que se trata de um efluente com uma otima biodegradabilidade (>96,5%) e baixo percentual de DQO inerte (<3,5%), tanto em condicoes aerobias quanto anaerobias. Durante a aclimatacao da biomassa no biorreator priorizou-se a manutencao dosniveis seguros de AGV e de alcalinidade bicarbonato para o tratamento anaerobio. Apos a aclimatacao, as concentracoes medias de AGV no efluente bruto, no efluente do reator acidogenico e no permeado foram de 2141, 3525 e 72 mgHAc/L, respectivamente. A separacao dos estagios tambem foi verificada pela analise da composicao do biogas. No biogas do reator acidogenico a concentracao de metano foi desprezivel, enquanto que o biogas do reator metanogenico foi constituido de aproximadamente 64% de metano e 36% de dioxido de carbono. A remocao de cor e turbidez foi de 57,4 ± 15,4% e 97,2 ± 2,0%,respectivamente. O BRMan de duplo estagio apresentou resultados bastante satisfatorios de remocao de materia orgânica, sendo que a remocao global de DQO e COT do sistema foi de 96,9 ± 0,7% e 95,0 ± 1,1%, respectivamente. Em relacao ao desempenho da filtracaoverificou-se que a formacao da torta foi o principal mecanismo de incrustacao determinante da permeabilidade operacional. Os resultados indicaram que o efluente tratado pelo BRMan de duplo estagio apresentou uma qualidade bastante superior em relacao ao vinhoto bruto para a utilizacao na fertirrigacao baixo teor de materia orgânica biodegradavel, livre de solidos suspensos, pH neutro e menor tendencia a acidificacao podendo ser avaliada a possibilidade da aplicacao de um pos-tratamento para a recuperacao dos nutrientes inorgânicos. Recomenda-se pesquisas futuras no sentido de otimizar as condicoes de filtracao com o proposito de aumentar a viabilidade do processo.
Non-perturbative approaches to Scattering Amplitudes

This thesis is devoted to the study of scattering amplitudes using two non-perturbative approaches. In Part I we focus on a particular theory known as N = 4 Super-Yang-Mills in four spacetime dimensions. The scattering amplitudes in this theory are dual to the expectation value of null polygonal Wilson loops which can be computed non-perturbatively using integrability. The Wilson loop is decomposed into smaller polygons and computed as an evolution of the color flux tube of the theory, summing over all intermediate flux tube states. By a suitable generalization of the building blocks called pentagons we describe how this program can describe all helicity configurations of the amplitude. We also show how the contribution from all flux tube excitations can be resummed to reproduce the general kinematics result at weak coupling. In Part II we take a different approach and study the space of Quantum Field Theories (QFTs). We focus on two-dimensional theories with a mass gap and a global symmetry. By studying the consequences of unitarity, crossing symmetry and analyticity of the two-to-two scattering matrix element we are able to constrain the space of allowed QFTs. At the boundary of this space we find several interesting features of the S-matrices and identify various integrable points.
Comparison of the short-term outcomes of Expanded Polytetrafluoroethylene Graft (E-PTFEG) and Thoratec® Vascular Access Graft (TVAG) in hemodialysis patients

血液透析患者において, ポリウレタン製人工血管であるソラテック®人工血管 (Thoratec® Vascular Access Graft, TVAG) とExpanded Polytetrafluoroethylene Graft (Gore-tex® Stretch vascular grafts, E-PTFEG) との開存率の比較を行った. TVAG症例 (n=38) とE-PTFEG症例 (n=23) との間で, 性差, 年齢, 透析期間, 糖尿病合併, 心血管疾患合併, 抗血小板療法の頻度, 抗凝固療法の頻度に差を認めなかった. 一次開存率はTVAG, E-PTFEGそれぞれ6か月で75. 4%, 73.7%, 12か月で59. 2%, 57.3%であった. 二次開存率はTVAG, E-PTFEGそれぞれ6か月で94. 3%, 87.0%, 12か月で75. 4%, 66.7%であった. 一次開存率, 二次開存率ともに両群間で有意差は認めなかった. 初穿刺までの期間は, TVAG 15.1±3. 8日, E-PTFEG 19.9±5. 0日であり, 有意差をもって (p=0.003) TVAGのほうが早期に穿刺可能であった. TVAGは血液透析の人工血管として第一選択となり得るが, 感染に弱い点, 屈曲しやすい点より易感染症例や肘関節をこえる症例ではPTFEGが望ましいと考えられた.
Classification of conservation laws of shallow-waterequations

We carry out the complete classification of zero-order conservation laws of the classes of one- and two-dimensional shallow-water equations with variable bottom topography. We also find the complete equivalence group for the one-dimensional case, using the direct method, and for the two-dimensional case, using the algebraic method. Using conservation-law characteristics, we find all inequivalent cases of bottom topographies (up to the equivalence group), which give different spaces of conservation laws. Analogously, using additionally the method of furcate splitting, we solve the classification problem for conservation laws for the two-dimensional case.
Conic sector analysis using integral quadratic constraints

This paper interprets the Conic Sector stability results of Zames, and the multivariable generalizations provided by Safonov and Athans, in an integral quadratic constraint context. The ideas are formulated for the case where one element of a feedback interconnection is linear and the other satisfies a conic sector condition. This scenario allows the main stability results to be formulated using integral quadratic constraints, with all finite‐sector cases being captured using this framework. The stability results are expressed using frequency domain inequalities or linear‐matrix inequalities. Some examples show how the main technical result can, in the multivariable case, be used to provide a reduction in conservatism over standard results.
Spin orbit torques in ferrimagnetic GdFeCo with various compositions

Compositional dependence of spin–orbit torque (SOT) of the bilayer comprised of Ta and ferrimagnetic GdFeCo was investigated. Critical current density of SOT switching Jsw of the GdFeCo/Ta bilayers did not vary with Gd composition x, and were found to exhibit roughly Jsw = 11 MA cm−2. Two orthogonal components of SOT, damping-like torque τDL and field-like torque τFL were estimated by measuring harmonic Hall resistance under in-plane fields parallel and perpendicular to the AC current, respectively. The absolute values of SOT, ∣τ DL∣ and ∣τFL∣, were confirmed to be roughly constant within 22 ≤ x ≤ 28. On the other hand, the sign of τFL changed across the compensation composition. These results suggest that the injected spin current is considered to exert a torque to the transition metal FeCo moment rather than to the rare earth Gd moment.
Knee Stiffness After ACL Reconstruction

Postoperative knee stiffness after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction surgery is a significant clinical problem. Clinical deficits of knee flexion more than 10 degrees can limit function and athletic performance, and extension deficits of more than 5 degrees can cause gait changes and altered knee kinematics. The incidence reported in the literature varies significantly. Risk factors for the development of this condition include technical factors, graft selection issues, the timing of surgery relative to the traumatic injury, the presence of associated injuries, and postoperative rehabilitation. This chapter will review the incidence, risk factors, pathology, prevention, treatment options, and the clinical results of management of this condition.
Bounds on Lyapunov Exponents via Entropy Accumulation

Lyapunov exponents describe the asymptotic behavior of the singular values of large products of random matrices. A direct computation of these exponents is however often infeasible. By establishing a link between Lyapunov exponents and an information theoretic tool called entropy accumulation theorem we derive an upper and a lower bound for the maximal and minimal Lyapunov exponent, respectively. The bounds assume independence of the random matrices, are analytical, and are tight in the commutative case as well as in other scenarios. They can be expressed in terms of an optimization problem that only involves single matrices rather than large products. The upper bound for the maximal Lyapunov exponent can be evaluated efficiently via the theory of convex optimization.
Analyse multicompartimentale de la cinétique du gadolinium-DTPA dans l'infarctus myocardique chronique

L'imagerie par resonance magnetique occupe desormais une place de choix dans ll'exploration de la viabilite myocardique. En effet, cet examen permet de mettre en evidence les territoires irremediablement necroses qui presentent une « retention tardive » de certains traceurs comme le gadolinium-DTPA. Ce phenomene est lie a l'accumulation du traceur dans le secteur interstitiel, qui est d'autant plus important que le nombre de cellules detruites esteleve. Le but de ce travail etait de mieux comprendre les parametres qui influent sur ce phenomene de retention tardive chez des patients ayant eu un infarctus ancien et severe. Nous avons analyse l'evolution du signal myocardique pendant les 15 minutes suivant l'injection du traceur, de maniere a pouvoir proceder a une analyse multicompartimentale. Celle-ci nous a permis d'evaluer les flux du traceur entre le sang et le secteur interstitiel, ainsi que le volumede distribution interstitiel du traceur, a la fois dans des zones saines et infarcies. Nos resultats mettent en evidence une nette augmentation du volume de distribution interstitiel du traceur dans les territoires infarcis par comparaison aux territoires sains, associee a un ralentissement important des flux d'entree et de sortie du traceur dans le secteur interstitiel. Par ailleurs, nous avons montre que ce volume de distribution interstitiel du gadolinium-DTPA etait tres biencorrele avec le coefficient de partage et qui peut etre calcule tres simplement a la quinzieme minute. Ce parametre pourrait donc etre mesure en routine clinique pour preciser l'importance de la viabilite residuelle.
Differences Effects of Zuojin Pills and its Similar Formulae on Hot-syndrome Gastric Mucosal Lesion and Expression of Correlative Factors in Rats

Objective To explore the difference effects of Zuojin Pills and its similar formulae on hot-syndrome gastric mucosal lesion and expression of correlative factors expression in rats. Methods The rat gastric hot model was established by oral administration with red pepper and alcohol mixture for two weeks and irritated for three days by clipping tails. Zuojin pill, Retro-zuojin pill, Zhuyus pill and Ganlusan were fed.The temperature, urine, feces, food and water consumption of every rat were detected with the help of the metabolism cage. The content of interleukin-8,interleukin-2,tumor necrosis facter-α,thromboxane B2 and 6-keto-prostaglandin-αin the blood of rats was examined. Meanwhile, the injury extent of gastric mucosa and the histological characteristics of gastric mucosa were observed. Results Zuojin and its similar formulae could change the level of IL-8,IL-2,TNFα,TXB2 and 6-keto-PGF1α in rat blood to different extents. Microscopic and macroscopic observation showed that the mucosa injury could be ameliorated by Zuojin pills and its similar formulae while Zuojin had the best effect on gastric mucosa injury inhibition. Conclusion The therapeutic effect of Zuojin and its similar formulae varies with the change in the cold and heat property of the formulae on the hot-syndrome gastric mucosal model.
Influência da quantidade de prática no estudo de frequência de conhecimento de resultados na aprendizagem de habilidades motoras

Frequencia de conhecimento de resultados (CR) refere-se a quantidade de CRs fornecidos em uma sessao de pratica, classificada em frequencia absoluta (total de CR fornecido) e relativa (proporcao de CR em relacao ao numero de tentativas de pratica). Nos estudos sobre frequencia de CR, duas formas sao utilizadas para manipular a frequencia relativa de CR: uma, fixar a frequencia absoluta de CR e variar a quantidade de pratica. Outra, manipular a frequencia absoluta, mantendo constante o numero de tentativas de pratica. Ao comparar os resultados dos estudos de frequencia de CR entre fixar a frequencia absoluta ou fixar o numero de tentativas, verificou-se o aumento da quantidade de pratica quando se fixa a frequencia absoluta. A presente pesquisa buscou investigar se ha influencia da quantidade de pratica no estudo de frequencia de CR na aprendizagem de habilidades motoras. Participaram do estudo, 48 universitarios, destros, sem experiencia previa na tarefa arremessar um dardo de salao ao alvo, com o movimento postero-anterior do braco dominante. Os participantes foram divididos em quatro grupos experimentais (G100%, G33%a, G33%b e G11, 1%). Na fase de aquisicao, os grupos G100% e G33%a realizaram 60 tentativas e receberam 60 e 20 CRs, respectivamente e os grupos G33%b e G11,1% realizaram 180 tentativas e receberam 60 e 20 CRs, respectivamente. Apos a fase de aquisicao, todos os grupos realizaram 10 tentativas sem CR, nos testes de transferencia imediata (TI), atrasada (TA) e atrasada (T3). Os resultados dos testes mostraram que os grupos com frequencias relativas reduzidas apresentaram menor erro e variabilidade que o grupo de alta frequencia relativa de CR e que uma maior quantidade de pratica mostrou-se benefica apenas para uma frequencia relativa otima de CR. Concluiu-se que a frequencia relativa reduzida e mais efetiva que alta frequencia (100%) e que maior quantidade de pratica contribuiu apenas para uma frequencia relativa otima.