Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Real-time Visual Tracker by Stream Processing Simultaneous and Fast 3 D Tracking of Multiple Faces in Video Sequences by Using a Particle Filter

In this work, we implement a real-time visual tracker that targets the position and 3D pose of objects in video sequences, specifically faces. The use of stream processors for the computations and efficient SparseTemplate-based particle filtering allows us to achieve real-time processing even when tracking multiple objects simultaneously in high-resolution video frames. Stream processing is a relatively new computing paradigm that permits the expression and execution of data-parallel algorithms with great efficiency and minimum effort. Using a GPU (graphics processing unit, a consumer-grade stream processor) and the NVIDIA CUDATM technology, we can achieve performance improvements as large as ten times compared to a similar CPU-only tracker. At the same time, the Stream processing approach opens the door to other computing devices, like the Cell/BETM or other multicore CPUs.
6: Deixis, Binding and Presupposition

This chapter argues that an extended, anaphoric account has an important role to play in analysing uses of definites, and it can capture how these uses of definites function in conversation. In particular such accounts can clarify the interaction between the uses of such deictic definites and various conversational moves. At least some deictic uses of definites generate pre-suppositions that are bound to the context via a rhetorical function that author calls anchoring, which if successful entails a type of knowing how. The chapter concentrates on definites that refer to spatial locations, where the intuitions about anchoring are quite clear. Like other uses of definites, deictically used definites do generate familiarity pre-suppositions. These pre-suppositions are not accommodated or bound in the way familiar from standard, anaphoric theories of pre-supposition. The discourse-based anaphoric theory of pre-suppositions is very useful: we can understand contextual anchoring as a special sort of pre-supposition binding. Keywords: anaphoric theories; contextual anchoring; conversation; deictic definite; pre-supposition binding; rhetorical function; spatial locations
Dispersal of female southern elephant seals and their prey consumption during the austral summer: relevance to management and oceanographic zones

Summary 1. Numerical models that predict trophic structure require both accurate information on prey consumption rates and estimates of spatial and temporal variation. In the Southern Ocean little information exists on the spatial and temporal patterns of resource use by predators, so we attempted to examine these patterns for an important Antarctic predator, the southern elephant seal. We (i) defined the area of the ocean used by the adult female component of the elephant seal population at Macquarie Island; (ii) quantified the time these seals spent in the different regions of the Southern Ocean; and (iii) estimated the biomass of fish and squid prey consumed per fortnight and per region. 2. We used data from 42 post-breeding females collected from 1992 to 2001. The data consisted of locations determined by geo-location (based on light intensity) recorded using dataloggers. A randomized, incremental analysis of at-sea locations indicated that a sample of 25 individuals was required to provide 95% coverage of the total area of ocean used. 3. The greatest amount of time (44·6%) was spent in the region between the Antarctic Polar Front (APF) and the Subantarctic Front (SAF). Up to 20% of time was spent south of the Antarctic Circle or within Commission for the Conservation of Antarctic Marine Living Resources (CCAMLR) Statistical Subareas, indicating that seals from Macquarie Island are also important summer-time predators in high Antarctic waters. 4. The adult female population was estimated to consume 122·73‐125·81 × 10 6 MJ for the post-lactation foraging trip (31 142‐31 925 tonnes of prey). Of this, 47·2‐53·4% was consumed within the CCAMLR Statistical Subareas and the Australian and New Zealand exclusive economic zones (EEZ). 5. Synthesis and applications . Our study emphasizes that (i) a large sample of individual seals (25) can estimate spatial trends in prey consumption; (ii) much of the estimated prey consumption occurs within fishery-managed zones, therefore elephant seals should be included in models predicting trophic structure in the Southern Ocean; and (iii) recent commercial fishery catch within these zones is minimal relative to the prey consumed by elephant seals, but increases in fishing activity in these zones may result in competition for marine resources.
Periodicities in the high‐mass X‐ray binary system RX J0146.9+6121/LS I+61°235

The high-mass X-ray binary RX J0146.9+6121, with optical counterpart LS I+61 ◦ 235 (V831 Cas), is an intriguing system on the outskirts of the open cluster NGC 663. It contains the slowest Be type X-ray pulsar known with a pulse period of around 1400 s and, primarily from the study of variation in the emission line profile of Hα, it is known to have a Be decretion disc with a one-armed density wave period of approximately 1240 d. Here we present the results of an extensive photometric campaign, supplemented with optical spectroscopy, aimed at measuring short time-scale periodicities. We find three significant periodicities in the photometric data at, in order of statistical significance, 0.34, 0.67 and 0.10 d. We give arguments to support the interpretation that the 0.34 and 0.10 d periods could be due to stellar oscillations of the B-type primary star and that the 0.67 d period is the spin period of the Be star with a spin axis inclination of 23 +10 −8 degrees. We measured a systemic velocity of −37.0 ± 4.3 km s −1 confirming that LS I+61 ◦ 235 has a high probability of membership in the young cluster NGC 663 from which the system’s age can be estimated as 20–25 Myr. From archival RXTE All Sky Monitor (ASM) data we further find ‘super’ X-ray outbursts roughly every 450 d. If these super outbursts are caused by the alignment of the compact star with the one-armed decretion disc enhancement, then the orbital period is approximately 330 d.
Closed convex hull of set of measurable functions, Riemann-measurable functions and measurability of translations

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The Fear of Crime: Causes and Consequences

In a paper presented more than eight years ago, Furstenberg made an observation that has proven to be the understatement of the decade for researchers studying the fear of crime: "the relationship between crime and its consequences is neither obvious nor simple. "' His observation is no less accurate today than it was eight years ago, despite the fact that our knowledge about the causes and consequences of the fear of crime has increased steadily during the period. Every advance that is made-whether by refining concepts, by specifying and testing relationships, by obtaining more comprehensive data, or by some other meansseems to generate more questions than it answers. But that should be expected; part of the nature of complex social phenomena is that their complexity becomes more apparent as they are examined more closely.
Me, Us and Them? From Bipartite to Tripartite Devolved HRM in Professional Service Contexts: Evidence from Hospitals in Three Countries

This article explores devolved HRM in a professional service hospital context. Findings challenge theoretical conceptions of devolution as a bipartite relationship between HR and line managers, identifying a tripartite model with: (1) HR practitioners, (2) line managers and, (3) senior professionals (managers and specialists) implementing HR. Involving senior professionals reflects longstanding concern regarding managerial legitimacy in overseeing professional work. Each party has scope to contribute to people-management: HR practitioners to provide a strategic framework and delineate HR activities; line managers to implement HR practices and interface between HR and front-line professionals and; senior professionals to act as line managers ’ ad vocates and provide expert knowledge, judgment and credibility to inform people-related decision-making. However we illuminate practical challenges in role clarity and coordination within the tripartite structure, based on 128 interviews conducted in nine hospitals across three European countries (Ireland, UK and the Netherlands). Interviews examined roles and responsibility for HR under devolution and coordination between those involved in delivering HR in day-to-day service-delivery; implementing policy priorities (sickness management); and service-improvement change. Findings challenge the relevance of the bi-partite model of devolution in professional organizations. We extend the model and offer a theoretical framing linking tripartite relational involvement to enhanced HR performance.
Device to Apply a Matrix Coating to Tissue Samples for MALDI Mass Spectrometric Imaging Biomedical Engineering Design 201 14 March 2006 Team Members :

Matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass sp ectrometric imaging (MALDI-MSI) is a technology that allows for label-free spatial analy sis of biological tissue samples. This technology can be used to identify and quantify proteins, locate a nd monitor biomarkers, and sequence polypeptide chains, techniques that can be applied to proteomic analysis of disease formation. However, sample preparation methods, especially with regard to the application of the matrix tissue coating, are diffi cult to control but require accuracy and precision. The goal of this project is to design a device to appl y a fine, uniform coating of light-absorbing compounds in order to simplify the sample preparation process and facilitate the MALDI-MSI technique. Design inv ol ing pneumatic sprayers, pressure-valve systems, and single-action airbrushes have been exp lor d and considered. The proposed final design implements a polyethylene enclosure that houses an automatic spray gun oriented to spray verticallydownward onto a motor-driven conveyor that carries th tissue sample through the misting solution. Future development on the prototype will include or dering materials, constructing the device, and testing the model in a laboratory setting to ensure f lfillment of the proposed design criteria.
Mitigating the Long term Operating Extreme Load through Active Control

The parameters influencing the long term extreme operating design loads are identified through the implementation of a Design of Experiment (DOE) method. A function between the identified critical factors and the ultimate out-of-plane loads on the blade is determined. Variations in the initial blade azimuth location are shown to affect the extreme blade load magnitude during operation in normal turbulence wind input. The simultaneously controlled operation of generator torque variation and pitch variation at low blade pitch angles is detected to be responsible for very high loads acting on the blades. Through gain scheduling of the controller (modifications of the proportional Kp and the integral K gains) the extreme loads are mitigated, ensuring minimum instantaneous variations in the power production for operation above rated wind speed. The response of the blade load is examined for different values of the integral gain as resulting in rotor speed error and the rate of change of rotor speed. Based on the results a new load case for the simulation of extreme loads during normal operation is also presented.
High-Energy Processes in Young Stellar Objects

▪ Abstract Observational studies of low-mass stars during their early stages of evolution, from protostars through the zero-age main sequence, show highly elevated levels of magnetic activity. This activity includes strong fields covering much of the stellar surface and powerful magnetic reconnection flares seen in the X-ray and radio bands. The flaring may occur in the stellar magnetosphere, at the star-disk interface, or above the circumstellar disk. Ionization from the resulting high-energy radiation may have important effects on the astrophysics of the disk, such as promotion of accretion and coupling to outflows, and on the surrounding interstellar medium. The bombardment of solids in the solar nebula by flare shocks and energetic particles may account for various properties of meteorites, such as chondrule melting and spallogenic isotopes. X-ray surveys also improve our samples of young stars, particularly in the weak-lined T Tauri phase after disks have dissipated, with implications for our underst.
Improving Education Outcomes in South Asia: Findings from a Decade of Impact Evaluations

There have been many initiatives to improve education outcomes in South Asia. Still, outcomes remain stubbornly resistant to improvements, at least when considered across the region. To collect and synthesize the insights about what actually works to improve learning and other education outcomes, this paper conducts a systematic review and meta-analysis of 29 education-focused impact evaluations from South Asia, establishing a standard that includes randomized control trials and quasi-experimental designs. It finds that while there are impacts from interventions that seek to increase the demand for education in households and communities, those targeting teachers or schools and thus the supply-side of the education sector are generally much more adept at improving learning outcomes. In addition, interventions that provide different actors with resources and those that incentivize behavioral changes show moderate but statistically significant impacts on student learning. A mix of input- and incentive-oriented interventions tailored to the specific conditions on the ground appears most promising for fostering education outcomes in South Asia.
Design. Fabrication, and Evaluation of Tendon-Driven Multi-Fingered Foam Hands

We present a novel class of tendon-actuated soft robots, which promise to be low-cost and accessible to non-experts. The primary structure of the robot consists of flexible foam, and so we term the robots created using our approach “foam robots. ” A foam robot moves by driving servo mounted winches that contract (or slacken)tendons routed through the robots textile skin. We provide a methodology for fabricating these types of robots and go on to fabricate several ‘foam robots’ in the form of multi-fingered hands and perform various experiments and demonstrations to illustrate the robust applications of these robots to tasks such as dexterous manipulation.
Effect of Chemical Pressure on the Charge Density Wave Transition in Rare-earth Tritellurides $R$Te$_3$

The charge density wave transition is investigated in the bilayer family of rare-earth tritelluride RTe{sub 3} compounds (R=Sm, Gd, Tb, Dy, Ho, Er, and Tm) via high-resolution x-ray diffraction and electrical resistivity. The transition temperature increases monotonically with increasing lattice parameter from 244(3) K for TmTe{sub 3} to 416(3) K for SmTe{sub 3}. The heaviest members of the series, R=Dy, Ho, Er, and Tm, are observed to have a second transition at a lower temperature, which marks the onset of an additional charge density wave with wave vector almost equal in magnitude to the first, but oriented in the perpendicular direction.
Examination of the siderite-magnesite mineral series by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy

Minerals belonging to the siderite-magnesite series have been studied using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. Pronounced shifts were observed in several of the carbonate vibrational bands. Shifts in the 1430-cm-, and 880-cm-' bands and a shift of about 60 cm ' across the series for the 350-cm ' band indicate that FrrR can be used to distinguish members of this solid-solution series. Plots of mole fraction Fe * Mn against band frequency yielded straight lines for the Mg-rich minerals that deviated from linearity as the siderite end of the series was approached. The observed shifts reflect the differing mass and ionic radius of substituting cations and possible compression of the carbonate ion.
Organization of Innovation and Capital Markets

This paper develops a theory of the firm scope where not only research but also ordinary production employees can generate inventions. Separating research from production (“specialization”) solves the two-tier agency problem of inducing simultaneously research effort and managerial truthful-reporting but is costly when capital markets are imperfect. Improvements in capital markets, therefore, promote specialization, allowing a greater number of specialized firms to be established and also enabling them to undertake innovative projects with larger potential outcomes. Moreover, this capital market improvement effect is stronger for innovative activities that are less capital-intensive and that have weaker synergies with existing production activities. The model can help us understand the explosion of small company innovation in the U.S. since late 1970s and the contribution of venture capital to this change.
Targeting Adenosine Receptor Signaling in Cancer Immunotherapy

The immune system plays a major role in the surveillance and control of malignant cells, with the presence of tumor infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) correlating with better patient prognosis in multiple tumor types. The development of ‘checkpoint blockade’ and adoptive cellular therapy has revolutionized the landscape of cancer treatment and highlights the potential of utilizing the patient’s own immune system to eradicate cancer. One mechanism of tumor-mediated immunosuppression that has gained attention as a potential therapeutic target is the purinergic signaling axis, whereby the production of the purine nucleoside adenosine in the tumor microenvironment can potently suppress T and NK cell function. The production of extracellular adenosine is mediated by the cell surface ectoenzymes CD73, CD39, and CD38 and therapeutic agents have been developed to target these as well as the downstream adenosine receptors (A1R, A2AR, A2BR, A3R) to enhance anti-tumor immune responses. This review will discuss the role of adenosine and adenosine receptor signaling in tumor and immune cells with a focus on their cell-specific function and their potential as targets in cancer immunotherapy.
Multiple-Component Analysis of the Time-Resolved Spectra of GRB041006: A Clue to the Nature of the Underlying Soft Component of GRBs

GRB 041006 was detected by HETE-2 on 2004 October 06. The light curves in four different energy bands display different features. At higher energy bands several peaks are seen in the light curve, while at lower energy bands a single broader bump dominates. It is expected that these different features are the result of a mixture of several components, each of which has different energetics and variability. We analyzed the time-resolved spectra, which were resolved into several components. These components can be classified into two distinct classes. One is a component that has an exponential decay of Ep with a characteristic timescale shorter than � 30 s; its spectrum is well represented by a broken power-law function, which is frequently observed in many prompt GRB emissions, so it should have an internal-shock origin. Another is a component whose Ep is almost unchanged with a characteristic timescale longer than � 60 s, and shows a very soft emission and slower variability. The spectrum is characterized by either a broken power law or a black-body spectrum. By assuming that the soft component is a thermal emission, the radiation radius is initially 4:4� 10 6 km, which is a typical radius of a blue supergiant, and its expansion velocity is 2:4� 10 5 km s � 1 in the source frame.
Relative importance of dispersion and rate‐limited mass transfer in highly heterogeneous porous media: Analysis of a new tracer test at the Macrodispersion Experiment (MADE) site

A single‐well injection‐withdrawal (SWIW) bromide tracer test was conducted to further investigate transport processes at the Macrodispersion Experiment (MADE) site on Columbus Air Force Base in Mississippi. The bromide breakthrough curve is highly asymmetric and exhibits an early time high‐concentration peak followed by an extended period of low‐concentration tailing. Comparisons of results simulated by advection‐dispersion (AD) and dual‐domain mass transfer (DDMT) models with the field data show that the DDMT model more accurately represents the magnitudes of both the early high‐concentration peak and the later low‐concentration tail. For both the AD and DDMT models, the match with field data is enhanced by incorporating hydraulic conductivity information from new direct‐push profiling methods. The Akaike information criterion for the DDMT models is much smaller than that for the AD models in both the homogeneous and heterogeneous cases investigated in this work. The improved match of the DDMT model with the SWIW test data supports the hypothesis of mass transfer processes occurring at this highly heterogeneous site.
Mucoepidermoid Carcinoma of Tracheobronchial Tree: Clinicopathological Study of 31 Cases

Mucoepidermoid carcionoma (MEC) of the tracheobronchial tree is a rare tumor, comprising 0.1 to 0.2% of primary lung tumors, and arising from the bronchial submucosal gland. MEC is defined as a malignant epithelial tumor consisting of squamoid cells, mucin-secreting cells and intermediate cells. Although it is histologically identical to the salivary gland tumor of the same name, it is not fully understood, especially with regard to some aspects of histologic grading, clinical behavior, and differentiation from adenosquamous cell carcinoma. There have been no large studies examining pulmonary MEC in Korea. We analyzed 31 cases of MEC of the lung to clarify their clinical and pathological nature. Meanwhile, an epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutation has changed the paradigm for evaluation and treatment of non-small cell lung cancer. One pulmonary MEC study demonstrated an EGFR mutation. We performed an EGFR mutation analysis in three cases classified as having a poor prognosis. MATERIALS AND METHODS
Tropical Cyclone Changes in the Western North Pacific in a Global Warming Scenario

Abstract The influence of global warming on the climatology of tropical cyclones in the western North Pacific basin is examined using the high-resolution International Pacific Research Center (IPRC) regional climate model forced by ocean temperatures and horizontal boundary fields taken from the NCAR Community Climate System Model version 2 (CCSM2) coupled global climate model. The regional model is first tested in 10 yr of simulation with boundary forcing taken from observations and is shown to produce a reasonably good representation of the observed statistics of tropical cyclone numbers and locations. The model was then run for 10 yr with forcing from a present-day control run of the CCSM2 and then for 10 yr with forcing fields taken from the end of a long run with 6 times the present-day atmospheric CO2 concentration. The global-mean surface air temperature warming in the perturbed run is 4.5 K, while the surface warming in the tropical western North Pacific is about 3 K. The results of these experime.