Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Vibrio mimicus and Vibrio vulnificus using biochemical methods and PCR methods

Crustaceans and Molluscus, as Crab and Oyster are filter-feeding organisms that concentrate microorganisms, especially the human enteric viruses and pathogenic Vibrio species. This study aimed to detect and accurate identify Vibrio sp. in fresh and marine Crab and Oyster specimens especially that of public health important as cholerae, Vibrio parahaemolyticus, Vibrio mimicus and Vibrio vulnificususing using biochemical methods and PCR methods (16SrRNA and mPCR). The prevalence of Vibrio species was 5%, 50% and 65% in fresh Crab, marine Crab and Oyster samples respectively examined by traditional biochemical method appeared in examined fresh Crab samples as only one vibrio mimicus species as (5%). Vibrio species in collected marine Crab samples was V. alginolyticus (15%), V. cholera (5%), V. parahaemolyticus (10%) and V. vulnificus (20%). Vibrio species in oyster was V. alginolyticus (5%), V. cholera ( 10%), V. mimicus (5%), V. parahaemolyticus (20%) and V.vulnificus (25%). Overall, results of the present study indicated that the using of 16SrRNA and mPCR allowed rapid and accurate identification of the predominant and pathogenic Vibrio species which failed to be accurately identified by biochemical method. Furthermore, presence of Vibrio cholerae and Vibrio mimicus in examined samples considered a life threatening to human health.
Hepatoprotective potentials of water extract of Bauhinia purpurea bark against alcohol induced toxicity

Bark of Bauhinia purpurea tree was collected and both the water and methanol extracts were prepared. Both extracts were tested for free radical scavenging activities and phenol content. Water extract was then tested for its protective potentials against alcohol induced toxicity. For this experiment, twenty rats were randomly divided into four groups, alcohol control group, normal control and two experimental groups. The rats in alcohol control group received alcohol (5 g/kg), rats in normal control were given water. Rats in two experimental groups were administered two doses of methanol extract (50 and 100 mg/kg respectively) plus alcohol (5 g/kg) for 30 days. At the end of the experiment, rats were killed after ether anesthesia. Liver and blood samples were collected for biochemical measurements. Parameters measured were thiobarbituric acid reactive substances, serum glutamate oxaloacetate transaminase, serum glutamate pyruvate transaminase, reduced glutathione, glutathione peroxidase, superoxide dismutase, catalase and ascorbic acid. Results showed that both methanol and water extracts scavenged free radicals equivalent to gallic acid scavenging and were found rich in total phenol content. Results of in vivo experiments showed that the water extract inhibited lipid peroxidation, protected the experimental animals from hepatic toxicity and maintained the levels of antioxidants in dose dependent manner.
Isotherm and Thermodynamic Studies of The Biosorption of Cu ( II ) By Periwinkle ( Tympanotonus Fuscatus Var Radula ) Shell

The biosorption of Cu from aqueous solutions by periwinkle (Tympanotonus fuscatus var radula ) shell as the biosorbent has been studied under different conditions such as initial pH, contact time, temperature and initial Cu concentration. The residual Cu in solution was determined by atomic absorption spectrophotometer. The results obtained indicate that the biosorption is both pH and time dependent. The experimental results fitted well to the Freundlich and Langmuir model isotherms. The Freundlich equation obtained is log  = 1.6043 log Ce + 1. 0026 while the Langmuir equation obtained is 1/ = 0.0698/Ce + 0.0086. The correlation factors are 0.999 and 0.999, respectively. The standard deviation values are 0.0186 and 0.0009, respectively. At the temperature of 310 K the free energy obtained is –11.869 k Jmol. The negative value of the free energy change indicates spontaneous nature of the process. The effectiveness of periwinkle shell in the uptake of Cu shows that it can serve as an excellent biomass for accumulating and recovering Cu from industrial wastewater.
Optimal Location of the Terminal Station of Rapid Transit System in a Circular City with Radial-Circular Network

This paper presents a simple geometric model of rapid transit system which provides a direct access to a particular destination such as an airport located outside the city area. The time to access the airport is the combination of the time to the terminal station using intra-city transportation and the time to the airport using the rapid transit system. Two problems concerning the optimal location of the terminal station are considered: minimization of the average access time and maximization of the number of users accessible to the airport within a given time. In the minimization problem, the optimal location of the terminal station is explicitly derived as a function of the speed ratio of the intra-city transportation and the rapid transit system.
Removal of Emerging Contaminants in Wastewater by Sonolysis, Photocatalysis and Ozonation

Three different advanced oxidation processes (AOPs) were applied to investigate the removal of emerging contaminants (ECs) i.e. sulfamethoxazole (SMX), diclofenac (DCF) and carbamazepine (CBZ) in synthetically prepared solutions. The degradation of these substances was carried out by ozonation, sonolysis and photocatalytic oxidation, as well as by different combinations of these processes. The objectives of this work were to evaluate the removal efficiency in each AOP and to assess the performance variation of sonolysis in combination with other AOPs. The best performances were achieved by sonocatalysis, which resulted in the removal of the selected pharmaceuticals in the range between 37% and 47%. Under similar experimental conditions, the removal of the selected ECs by single compounds by ozonation was slightly lower than the removal of respective compounds in the mixture. Moreover, pseudo first-order removal rate constants of photocatalytic mineralization were determined as 9.33×10-2, 4.90×10-3, 1.06×10-2 min-1 for SMX, DCF and CBZ, respectively.
Making Digital Architecture: Historical, Formal, and Structural Implications of Computer Controlled Fabrication and Expressive Form

“. Architecture depends upon its time. It is the crystallization of its inner structure, the slow unfolding of its form. That is the reason why technology and architecture are so closely related. Our real hope is that they will grow together, that some day the one will be the expression of the other. Only then will we have an architecture worthy of its name: architecture as a true symbol of our time” (Mies van der Rohe, 1950). Making digital things Handcrafting of objects leads to creation of unique individual things. Tools of craft historically were extensions of the hand, and skilled craftspersons developed good hand/eye/mind coordination. The industrial revolution extended these tools of craft with a mechanized extrusion of mass-produced repetitive units. New tools of mechanistic technology encouraged efficiency through standardization and repetition. The skilled craftsperson in the industrial Making Digital Architecture: Historical, Formal, and Structural Implications of Computer Controlled Fabrication and Expressive Form KLINGER, Kevin R. School of Architecture and Interior Design, College of DAAP, University of Cincinnati, United States.
Adventures in GI Motility : Reminders of the Complications of Gastric Electrical Stimulator Implantation

Background: Treatment of drug-refractory gastroparesis (GP) may include gastric electrical stimulation (GES) accompanied by Pyloroplasty. This approach has been shown to improve gastric emptying and reduce symptoms up to 80%. One must be aware of the important although rare complication of perforation of the gastric leads through the gastric mucosa into the lumen during long-term follow up of the GES patients. Case Report: Two recent cases represent the significant recurrence of symptoms in GP patients, while interrogation of the GES system did not display abnormal readings of any parameters, with special focus on potential changes of the impedance, representing resistance between the electrodes, implanted 1 cm apart. Upon further evaluation via upper endoscopy, it was confirmed that there was perforation of electrodes through the gastric mucosa into the gastric lumen in both patients requiring surgical intervention to remove the electrodes and stimulator. Conclusion: Impedance does not necessarily change to abnormal values when perforation of electrodes through the gastric mucosa occurs in patients with GES devices, suggesting that impedance may not serve as a predictor of luminal perforation. However, worsening symptom control does seem to correlate with perforation of electrodes.
Impact of Aerosol Direct Effect on Wintertime PM2.5 Simulated by an Online Coupled Meteorology-Air Quality Model over East Asia

This study aims to evaluate the impacts of the aerosol direct effect on simulated concentrations of fine particulate matter (PM2.5) over East Asia, which is controlled by heavy local air pollution and long-range transport. The online coupled Weather Research and Forecasting-Community Multiscale Air Quality (WRF-CMAQ) modeling system was applied to one-way and two-way simulations (without and with the aerosol direct effect) of a period from January till March of 2014. The differences between the two simulations showed that there were particularly large impacts of the aerosol direct effect on the eastern Asian continent with high aerosol loading. The temporal mean contributions of the direct effect averaged over the regions from Northeast to Central China were a 15% decrease in the surface shortwave radiation, a 9.0% decrease in the planetary boundary layer (PBL) height, and an 8.6% increase in the ground-level PM2.5 concentration. In addition, there were negative contributions of the direct effect to the PM2.5 concentration over the ocean from the Sea of Japan to the East China Sea (a 1.0% decrease on average throughout the period). The PM2.5 decrease over the ocean was likely attributable to a reduction in the secondary PM2.5 outflow from the continent to the downwind region, which was caused by the increased dry deposition of PM2.5 precursors from the increased ground-level concentrations within a more stable PBL over the continent. Overall, the substantial decrease in the surface shortwave radiation due to the aerosol direct effect led to enhanced atmospheric stability and therefore increased the ground-level PM2.5 in the heavily polluted region.
structural components of aircraft and sea-going ships with taking into account a given failure generation model

A systematic approach, based on multiple products of the vector algebra (S-VA), is proposed to derive the spherical triangle formulae for solving the great circle track (GCT) problems. Because the mathematical properties of the geometry and algebra are both embedded in the S-VA approach, derivations of the spherical triangle formulae become more understandable and more straightforward as compared with those approaches which use the complex linear combination of a vector basis. In addition, the S-VA approach can handle all given initial conditions for solving the GCT problems simpler, clearer and avoid redundant formulae existing in the conventional approaches. With the technique of transforming the Earth coordinates system of latitudes and longitudes into the Cartesian one and adopting the relative longitude concept, the concise governing equations of the S-VA approach can be easily and directly derived. Owing to the advantage of the S-VA approach, it makes the practical navigator quickly adjust to solve the GCT problems. Based on the S-VA approach, a program namely GCTPro_VA is developed for friendly use of the navigator. Several validation examples are provided to show the S-VA approach is simple and versatile to solve the GCT problems.
Influence of Zinc and Cadmium on Physiological and Biochemical Characteristics of Maize (Zea mays L.)

This research was carried out as pod cultivation to evaluate effect of different level of zinc and cadmium on agro physiological traits of Maize via factorial experiment based on completelly randomized design with three replications along 2012-2013. The factors included different level of Zinc (Zn1=0 or Control, Zn2=15 and Zn3=30 mg.kg-1) and Cadmium (Cd1=0 or control, Cd2=10, Cd3=20 and Cd4=30 mg.kg-1). The results showed that zinc and cadmium yield, chlorophyll a and b, cell membrane stability, malon di aldehyde and tyrosine significantly affect the probability of a percent. In soil treated with increasing concentrations of the increased seed yield and highest performance 30 mg treatment was achieved. Fell sharply with increasing cadmium performance and best results of treatment was observed. Among different concentrations of zinc, the best treatment to improve seed yield and biochemical characteristics was the treatment with 30 mg.kg-1 zinc. In cadmium treatment, contrary to zinc treatment, as the concentration increased the studied traits decreased significantly, so that the best results were obtained by the control treatment. The results of the interaction effect of zinc and cadmium on the studied traits indicated the reduction of adverse effects of cadmium on corn by zinc, but the best results of the interaction effect of zinc and cadmium on all traits were associated with the Zn3Cd1 treatment.
An Asymptotic Analysis of Default-Free Zero-Coupon Bond Pricing in Single-Factor Models

Asymptotic analysis is a powerful technique that has been used with success to obtain approximate solutions to complicated problems in applied mathematics. In this paper, this concept is exploited to obtain new insights into a problem arising in mathematical finance. We are concerned with solutions of the bond pricing equation in single-factor models. In particular, we obtain an approximate generalised asymptotic solution (which amalgamates currently two major approaches to interest rate modelling) to the problem of "long-term-to-maturity" zero-coupon bond pricing; we also consider two popular models in the literature to demonstrate how this generalised solution may be employed in practice. Furthermore, we study the problem of "short-term-to-maturity" zero- coupon bond pricing where the volatility, contrary to a number of conventional approaches in the literature, is obtained as part of the solution to the problem; the results are curious and fascinating.
Research on the Factors Affecting Analysts' Tracking and Infringement of Listed Companies

This paper takes the 2007-2016 data of China's Shanghai and Shenzhen A-shares as the research object, adopts Probit and Bivariate Probit estimation methods, and discusses the factors affecting analysts' tracking and violation of listed companies based on the nature of equity and institutional investors. The study found that analysts' tracking of corporate violations is stronger in state-owned enterprises, but the relationship between analysts and company audits is not affected by the nature of the company's equity; in companies with a high proportion of institutional investors, the more obvious the role of analysts in suppressing corporate violations.
CONCEPT OF A POLISH DATABASE OF A MULTI-DIMENSIONAL CADASTRAL SYSTEM WITH PARTICULAR FOCUS ON GEO-HAZARDS

The dynamic growth of contemporary cadastral systems depends on multiple factors, which include, e.g. economic policy of a given country and possibilities of implementing activities supporting innovation and transfer of new technologies. A modern cadastre should satisfy not only its leading functions, which include, e.g. fiscal, information, legal or record functions. It should also be oriented towards new challenges, including 3D geovisualisation, which will enable multidimensional visualisation of cadastral objects. New data visualisation methods will contribute to extending the existing functions of cadastral systems and to emergence of new functions, e.g. related to ensuring public safety as a basic aim of crisis management, being an important element of sustainable development. This paper presents a concept of a database of multidimensional cadastral system enabling, for instance, 3D visualisation of system objects, incorporating its known functions (e.g. fiscal, information or legal functions), and also a new purpose –support for crisis management. Additionally, the study indicates sources of data that should be used for this type of undertaking (e.g. flood hazard maps, maps of areas at risk of mass land movements, orthophotomaps). DOI: https://doi.org/10.3846/enviro.2017. 247
An Improved HowNet-based Algorithm for Semantic Similarity Computation

Similarity technology has been widely used in many applications. However, most of the similarity researches focus on English language. In this paper, we develop the improved similarity technology and focus on its application to Chinese language. We use HowNet, which is a Chinese version of WordNet, as the bases. We analyze the structure and data resource of HowNet, and develop an improved information content model of concepts. Meanwhile, we extend the synonyms of concepts, and use them to develop a better similarity computation technique. The experiment results show that our methods achieve the best compared with other existing methods in the degree of similarity accuracy.
Evaluation of Beclin-1 and Atg5 genes expression levels in peripheral blood cells of patients with rheumatoid arthritis

: Background: Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic inflammatory autoimmune disease, which primarily affects the joints. During RA development, T cells and other immune cells are recruited to the synovial tissue and promote RA. Autophagy is a process in which intracellular organelles and compounds are degraded. Autophagy as a regulator of cell homeostasis can affect immune cells activation and contribute in RA pathogenesis. The aim of this study was to evaluate the autophagy-related genes (Atgs) expression in two groups of RA patients and healthy subjects. Materials and Methods: Peripheral blood was obtained from three groups of donors including 20 patients with early RA, 20 undertreatment RA patients (with methotrexate, hydroxychloroquine and prednisolone therapy) and 20 age- and sex-matched healthy subjects. The expression of two autophagy-related genes was investigated by the real-time PCR technique. Results: The Beclin-1 expression showed a 3.41-fold increase in the patients with early RA compared to healthy subjects but in the under treatment patients it was 1.5 times higher than healthy persons ( P <0.05). The Atg5 gene expression in the early RA patients increased by 2.4 times more than healthy subjects ( P <0.05). Conclusion: The findings of this study show that in early RA patients, the increased expression of Atgs can promote RA pathogenesis. Also, findings suggest that the decreased autophagy can reduce RA severity.
Spin squeezing in dipolar spinor condensates

We study the effect of dipolar interactions on the level of squeezing in spin-1 Bose-Einstein condensates by using the single mode approximation. We limit our consideration to the SU(2) Lie subalgebra spanned by spin operators. The biaxial nature of dipolar interactions allows for dynamical generation of spin-squeezed states in the system. We analyze the phase portraits in the reduced mean-field space in order to determine positions of unstable fixed points. We calculate numerically the spin squeezing parameter showing that it is possible to reach the strongest squeezing set by the two-axis countertwisting model. We partially explain scaling with the system size by using the Gaussian approach and the frozen spin approximation.
Expropriation of Minority Shareholders in East Asia

We examine the evidence on expropriation of minority shareholders by the controlling shareholder in publicly traded companies in nine East Asian countries. Higher cash-flow rights are associated with higher market valuation. In contrast, higher control rights have an insignificant or negative effect on corporate valuation. Deviations of voting from cash-flow rights through the use of pyramiding, cross-holdings, and dual-class shares, are associated with lower market values. Results are robust to the time period we study, splitting the sample by individual countries, using alternative measures of the incentive for expropriation, and using alternative measures for firm valuation. We conclude that the risk of expropriation is the major principal-agent problem for public corporations in East Asia.
Modeling soil CO2 production and transport with dynamic source and diffusion terms: testing the steady-state assumption using DETECT v1.0

Abstract. The flux of CO2 from the soil to the atmosphere (soil respiration, Rsoil) is a major component of the global carbon (C) cycle. Methods to measure and model Rsoil, or partition it into different components, often rely on the assumption that soil CO2 concentrations and fluxes are in steady state, implying that Rsoil is equal to the rate at which CO2 is produced by soil microbial and root respiration. Recent research, however, questions the validity of this assumption. Thus, the aim of this work was two-fold: (1) to describe a non-steady state (NSS) soil CO2 transport and production model, DETECT, and (2) to use this model to evaluate the environmental conditions under which Rsoil and CO2 production are likely in NSS. The backbone of DETECT is a non-homogeneous, partial differential equation (PDE) that describes production and transport of soil CO2, which we solve numerically at fine spatial and temporal resolution (e.g., 0.01 m increments down to 1 m, every 6 h). Production of soil CO2 is simulated for every depth and time increment as the sum of root respiration and microbial decomposition of soil organic matter. Both of these factors can be driven by current and antecedent soil water content and temperature, which can also vary by time and depth. We also analytically solved the ordinary differential equation (ODE) corresponding to the steady-state (SS) solution to the PDE model. We applied the DETECT NSS and SS models to the six-month growing season period representative of a native grassland in Wyoming. Simulation experiments were conducted with both model versions to evaluate factors that could affect departure from SS, such as (1) varying soil texture; (2) shifting the timing or frequency of precipitation; and (3) with and without the environmental antecedent drivers. For a coarse-textured soil, Rsoil from the SS model closely matched that of the NSS model. However, in a fine-textured (clay) soil, growing season Rsoil was ∼ 3 % higher under the assumption of NSS (versus SS). These differences were exaggerated in clay soil at daily time scales whereby Rsoil under the SS assumption deviated from NSS by up to 35 % on average in the 10 days following a major precipitation event. Incorporation of antecedent drivers increased the magnitude of Rsoil by 15 to 37 % for coarse- and fine-textured soils, respectively. However, the responses of Rsoil to the timing of precipitation and antecedent drivers did not differ between SS and NSS assumptions. In summary, the assumption of SS conditions can be violated depending on soil type and soil moisture status, as affected by precipitation inputs. The DETECT model provides a framework for accommodating NSS conditions to better predict Rsoil and associated soil carbon cycling processes.