Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Indexation sémantique et recherche d'information interactive

Among the various facets of Information Retrieval in textual data, the search for information located in space and time constitutes a full research field. Indeed, it requires, for indexing as for retrieval, specific linguistic analyses and resources. The present paper roots in the GéoSem project, whose aim is to develop advanced, semantic-based methods for geographical documents retrieval. Today, these techniques are implemented within a search engine allowing an intra-document localisation of information, indexed according to " geographical " semantic axes (time, space and phenomenon). Moreover its generic and modular characteristics enable to cope with other « axes ». A visualisation of the spatio-temporal position of information is also proposed. MOTS-CLÉS : recherche intra-documentaire d'informations géographiques, indexation sémantique (temporelle et spatiale), interface sensible aux besoins de l'utilisateur. KEYWORDS: (text segments) information retrieval, geographical textual data, (time and space) semantic indexing, user-sensitive interface.
Monopoly Power, Price Discrimination, and Access to Biotechnology Innovations

The private sector has dominated the development and delivery of transgenic, or GMO, crop varieties in all countries except China. The commercialization of GMOs has been highly concentrated. Just four crops (cotton, soybeans, maize, and canola) account for virtually all of the GMO area; 97% of world area occurs in five large countries, and 96% of world investment occurs in industrialized countries (James, 2002). Because GMOs originate in the private sector, they are subject to intellectual property (IP) protection. This confers limited monopoly power to innovators and affects research and development (RD Jefferson-Moore & Traxler, in press; Oehmke & Wolf, 2004; Qaim & Traxler, 2005), but the effect of price discrimination has not been examined within this context. At present, the majority of biotechnology investments occur in developed countries (Table 1), and about 70% of that investment is from private sources. Few developing countries currently have access to biotechnology products, and virtually all biotechnology products used in developing countries today are spillovers from developed countries.
Effects of vigorous late‐night exercise on sleep quality and cardiac autonomic activity

Sleep is the most important period for recovery from daily load. Regular physical activity enhances overall sleep quality, but the effects of acute exercise on sleep are not well defined. In sleep hygiene recommendations, intensive exercising is not suggested within the last 3 h before bed time, but this recommendation has not been adequately tested experimentally. Therefore, the effects of vigorous late‐night exercise on sleep were examined by measuring polysomnographic, actigraphic and subjective sleep quality, as well as cardiac autonomic activity. Eleven (seven men, four women) physically fit young adults (VO2max 54 ± 8 mL·kg−1·min−1, age 26 ± 3 years) were monitored in a sleep laboratory twice in a counterbalanced order: (1) after vigorous late‐night exercise; and (2) after a control day without exercise. The incremental cycle ergometer exercise until voluntary exhaustion started at 21:00 ± 00:28 hours, lasted for 35 ± 3 min, and ended 2:13 ± 00:19 hours before bed time. The proportion of non‐rapid eye movement sleep was greater after the exercise day than the control day (P < 0.01), while no differences were seen in actigraphic or subjective sleep quality. During the whole sleep, no differences were found in heart rate (HR) variability, whereas HR was higher after the exercise day than the control day (54 ± 7 versus 51 ± 7, P < 0.01), and especially during the first three sleeping hours. The results indicate that vigorous late‐night exercise does not disturb sleep quality. However, it may have effects on cardiac autonomic control of heart during the first sleeping hours.
Reverse hypercontractivity region for the binary erasure channel

In this paper, we obtain the reverse hypercontractive region for the pair of variables (X, Y) where X is a uniformly distributed binary random variable and Y (a ternary random variable) is obtained by passing X through a symmetric binary erasure channel (BEC), for a non-trivial range of parameters. The technique used builds on two recent results: a) characterization of reverse hypercontractivity using information measures, and b) computation of the forward hypercontractive region for the BEC.
Oats induced villous atrophy in coeliac disease

The current trend is to allow coeliac disease (CD) patients to introduce oats to their gluten free diet. We sought further data from the clinical setting with regards to oats consumption by coeliac patients. Several oat products were tested for wheat contamination using a commercial enzyme linked immunoassay (ELISA) kit, and six samples were examined by an ELISA using a cocktail of monoclonal antibodies, mass spectrometry, and western blot analysis. Nineteen adult CD patients on a gluten free diet were challenged with 50 g of oats per day for 12 weeks. Serological testing and gastroduodenoscopy was performed before and after the challenge. Biopsies were scored histologically and levels of mRNA specific for interferon γ were determined by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction analysis. Oats were well tolerated by most patients but several reported initial abdominal discomfort and bloating. One of the patients developed partial villous atrophy and a rash during the first oats challenge. She subsequently improved on an oats free diet but developed subtotal villous atrophy and dramatic dermatitis during a second challenge. Five of the patients showed positive levels of interferon γ mRNA after challenge. Some concerns therefore remain with respect to the safety of oats for coeliacs.
Engineering Smart Market Platforms for Market Based Congestion Management

Many European countries are pushing ahead with the integration of renewable generation and electric mobility. The transmission and distribution grids that have been designed for a central system are thus facing increasing challenges. Some of these challenges can be solved by grid expansion. However, expanding the grid for a few high-load hours per year is expensive and there are increasing public concerns against such grid expansions. As a result, policymakers and scholars have been discussing Smart Market Platforms (SMPs) on which network operators can buy local flexibility to solve congestions in the grid. The design of such Smart Market Platforms is not a trivial task, as many dependencies between ICT infrastructure and the regulatory setting have to be taken into account. We use the market engineering house framework to structure this challenge and derive the most important requirements for SMP. In addition, we present three prototypes for the implementation of SMP in the German energy market.
A Small Open-Closed Homotopy Algebra (Ocha)

Abstract We consider a particular finite dimensional example of an L∞ algebra in which a 2-dimensional Lie algebra acts on a 1-dimensional vector space in a non-trivial non-Lie manner. In order to understand the nature of this action, we show that this algebra is in fact an example of an open-closed homotopy algebra.
Prevalence of Annexin A5 Resistance in Children and Adolescents with Rheumatic Diseases

Objective. The underlying mechanism(s) by which antiphospholipid antibodies (aPL) result in thrombosis remains poorly understood. A significant body of evidence has evolved to support the hypothesis that antibody-mediated disruption of an annexin A5 anticoagulant shield may play a role in the pathogenesis; this proposed mechanism has not been previously studied in children. Methods. We investigated the association between aPL and resistance to annexin A5 anticoagulant activity in 90 children with a variety of rheumatic diseases using a novel mechanistic assay, the annexin A5 resistance assay (A5R). Results. Patients with a diagnosis of primary aPL syndrome, systemic lupus erythematosus, and mixed connective tissue disease demonstrated lower mean A5R levels (p = 0.030), higher prevalence of positive aPL (p < 0.001), and more thrombotic events (p = 0.014) compared to those with other diagnoses. Patients with persistently positive aPL had significantly lower mean A5R compared to patients with no aPL (mean A5R = 203% ± 44% vs 247% ± 35%; p < 0.001), whereas patients with transient aPL did not. Patients with thrombosis had lower A5R levels compared to those without thrombosis (mean A5R = 207% ± 36% vs 237% ± 46%; p = 0.048). Conclusion. Children and adolescents with rheumatic diseases and persistent aPL have reduced annexin A5 anticoagulant activity, whereas transient, nonpathogenic aPL have less effect on annexin A5 activity.
Post 2015 strategies to improve business models in corporate Turkey

The 2015 elections in Turkey disrupted corporate business models in the country. Conducting business in Turkey has unquestionably been impacted by political activity that has often erupted into cultural wars and civil demonstrations. This paper discusses the strategies corporations must undertake to secure a sustainable competitive advantage in Turkey. It researches and critically evaluates the business impact of the changing and often turbulent politics, as well as collects and analyzes economic data in order to propose a decision making platform allowing companies to make informed strategic decisions. Paralleling this research, the paper also investigates how supply chains into and out of Turkey have been severely disrupted as a result of political unrest. Supply chain disruption is increasing amongst trading nations as they (the supply chains) become more complex as a result of their global expansion. External, as well as internal data, are gathered and examined for this paper in order to recommend corporate action to be taken to minimize supply chain disruption. Protection of supply chains needs to also be a priority of government. Therefore, this paper suggests how involvement in supply chain management by a stable government in Turkey would help minimize disruption and make supply chains in the country much more productive and efficient.
A digital door lock system for the internet of things with improved security and usability

The suggested method supplies reinforced protection purposes which may move captured pictures to an individual’s cellular apparatus when an invalid user tries that an illegal functioning; it may even send alert information to the mobile device whenever the doorway lock has been badly ruined. The platform empowers an individual lock to automatically increase advantage and liberally manage the door to examine the entry info. Just lately, electronic door locks are widely utilized as a member of their IoT (Web of Matters). Nevertheless, the press has reported doorway locks have been exposed to end users to invade offices and homes. Inside this study is suggested. It employed and is made to increase advantage and safety.
Sufficient conditions for state observability in multi-substrate bioprocesses with additive growth dynamics

The distinguishability of the non-measured states is relevant for the design and implementation of state observers. The aim of this study is to examine the observability of a fed-batch multi-substrate process with additive growth rate. Based on the model equations, sufficient conditions to fulfill the observability rank condition were determined. Results for three sets of outputs were analyzed for Monod and Haldane models.
On Optimistic Concurrency Control for Real-Time Database Systems

The performance of database transaction processing system can be profoundly affected by the concurrency control method employed since it is necessary to preserve database integrity in a multi-user environment. In addition to satisfying the consistency requirement as in traditional database system, real-time database systems must also satisfy timing constraints. In this study we present a virtual run policy for the restarted first run optimistic transactions and compare its performance with optimistic concurrency control in firm real-time database system.
Role of the Yersinia pestis Ail Protein in Preventing a Protective Polymorphonuclear Leukocyte Response during Bubonic Plague

ABSTRACT The ability of Yersinia pestis to forestall the mammalian innate immune response is a fundamental aspect of plague pathogenesis. In this study, we examined the effect of Ail, a 17-kDa outer membrane protein that protects Y. pestis against complement-mediated lysis, on bubonic plague pathogenesis in mice and rats. The Y. pestis ail mutant was attenuated for virulence in both rodent models. The attenuation was greater in rats than in mice, which correlates with the ability of normal rat serum, but not mouse serum, to kill ail-negative Y. pestis in vitro. Intradermal infection with the ail mutant resulted in an atypical, subacute form of bubonic plague associated with extensive recruitment of polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMN or neutrophils) to the site of infection in the draining lymph node and the formation of large purulent abscesses that contained the bacteria. Systemic spread and mortality were greatly attenuated, however, and a productive adaptive immune response was generated after high-dose challenge, as evidenced by high serum antibody levels against Y. pestis F1 antigen. The Y. pestis Ail protein is an important bubonic plague virulence factor that inhibits the innate immune response, in particular the recruitment of a protective PMN response to the infected lymph node.
A Fast Algorithm for the Disjunctive Decomposition of Switching Functions

An algorithm for obtaining all simple disjunctive decompositions of a switching function is described. It operates on a function given as an expression using the operations AND, EXCLUSIVE OR, and complementation. It uses necessary conditions for the existence of a decomposition to eliminate sets of bound sets from consideration. Thus this technique differs from existing methods in that it attempts to test fewer bound sets at the expense of additional analysis. The algorithm can also be applied to functions given in a canonical form. It is shown that for a collection of functions of n variables chosen at random, the time required grows as n3. Previous methods, on the other hand, have an exponential growth rate.
A Conceptual and Operational Definition of Brand Equity : A New Approach

Though there is considerable debate regarding brand equity definition, what motivates consumers to pay price premium remains an important theme in brand equity research. Two fundamental motives for studying brand equity exist - financial motive, with the purpose of estimating the value of the brand for accounting purposes and motive derived from more efficient marketing efforts. As customer retention is critical for strategists in the dynamic world of marketing, it is important for operators to devise well-structured programs for securing customers’ base line. This research investigated the brand equity construct and the relationship between brand equity and brand loyalty with a view to develop a conceptual model that explains their connection and harmonise the various definitions. A look at the construct attributes in the existing literature suggests that brand loyalty and brand equity are identical. This study, while observing the relationship between the selected determinants, presumed the mention of brand loyalty to mean the mention of brand equity. The research found that brand loyalty and brand equity are inextricably connected and synonymous. The study recommended that marketers and scholars defocus the concept of brand equity and sustain brand loyalty as the dominant construct to avoid redundancy, improve efficiency and grow profits.
An Architectural Model for Extracting FHIR Resources from CDA Documents

In the last decades, many standards, such as HL7 V2 and V3, have been proposed for the encoding of clinical documents with the purpose of ensuring syntactic and semantic interoperability among heterogeneous health information systems. Recently, HL7 has defined the new standard FHIR in response to limitations existing in HL7 V2 and V3. In Italy, CDA 2 is the reference standard for the storage of clinical documents. In order to encourage FHIR widespread getting its benefits, we propose an architectural model able to i) receive a query about clinical data contained in a CDA document, ii) identify required information, and iii) present it as a FHIR resource, on the basis of several CDA to FHIR mapping schemas. We focus on the information extraction from the Italian Patient Summary, a collection of the patient's most significant clinical data. This choice emphasizes the advantages of using FHIR standard due to the possibility of extracting granular information of clinical interest from a full document.
Toward all-optical switching in azobenzene-containing polymers

The photoinduced refractive index changes in polymeric and liquid crystalline materials containing photoisomerizable azo-dyes form a group of materials that could be exploited in optical switching. Depending on the type of linkage between the dye and the matrix and its physicochemical properties various magnitudes of refractive index changes Δn and response times τ are observed. Here, we describe few polymeric systems showing high photoinduced birefringence up to 0.1 and DNA-CTMA biopolymer doped with disperse red (DR1) or disperse orange (DO3) azo-dyes showing responses as fast as 1 ms. By incorporation of metallic nanoparticles (15 nm gold) into the liquid crystalline matrix doped with DO3 we observed an enhancement of molecular reorientation due to plasmonic coupling with an electromagnetic torque. The preliminary results of optical Kerr effect measurements in the mentioned above systems are presented and briefly analyzed.
Giant-Cell Pneumonia and Lung Tumorlets in a Leukemic Four-Year-Old Child

The authors report a case of a 4-year-old child whose death resulted from acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) and giant-cell pneumonia. Typical lung tumorlets were occasionally observed. On electron microscopy study it was possible to demonstrate a large number of neurosecretory granules in the tumorlet's cells, identical to those present in Kulchitsky's cells. These studies suggest the occurrence of an abnormal immunitary process.
Automated identification of retinal vessels using a multiscale directional contrast quantification (MDCQ) strategy.

PURPOSE A novel algorithm is presented to automatically identify the retinal vessels depicted in color fundus photographs. METHODS The proposed algorithm quantifies the contrast of each pixel in retinal images at multiple scales and fuses the resulting consequent contrast images in a progressive manner by leveraging their spatial difference and continuity. The multiscale strategy is to deal with the variety of retinal vessels in width, intensity, resolution, and orientation; and the progressive fusion is to combine consequent images and meanwhile avoid a sudden fusion of image noise and/or artifacts in space. To quantitatively assess the performance of the algorithm, we tested it on three publicly available databases, namely, DRIVE, STARE, and HRF. The agreement between the computer results and the manual delineation in these databases were quantified by computing their overlapping in both area and length (centerline). The measures include sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy. RESULTS For the DRIVE database, the sensitivities in identifying vessels in area and length were around 90% and 70%, respectively, the accuracy in pixel classification was around 99%, and the precisions in terms of both area and length were around 94%. For the STARE database, the sensitivities in identifying vessels were around 90% in area and 70% in length, and the accuracy in pixel classification was around 97%. For the HRF database, the sensitivities in identifying vessels were around 92% in area and 83% in length for the healthy subgroup, around 92% in area and 75% in length for the glaucomatous subgroup, around 91% in area and 73% in length for the diabetic retinopathy subgroup. For all three subgroups, the accuracy was around 98%. CONCLUSIONS The experimental results demonstrate that the developed algorithm is capable of identifying retinal vessels depicted in color fundus photographs in a relatively reliable manner.
The relationship between personal values and behaviours in a tourism context

i ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS . iv AUTHORSHIP DECLARATION: CO-AUTHORED PUBLICATIONS . vi TABLE OF CONTENTS . vii LIST OF FIGURES . ix LIST OF TABLES. x CHAPTER ONE INTRODUCTION . 1 1.1. Some Background to the Thesis . 1 1.2. Research Questions and Aims . 5 1.3. Significance and Originality . 7 1.4. The Structure of the Thesis . 8 CHAPTER TWO BACKGROUND LITERATURE REVIEW FOR THE THREE PAPERS . 9 2.1. Personal Values Theories . 9 2.2. Personal Values and Perceptions . 20 2.3. Personal Values and Behaviours . 22 2.4. Personal Values and Behavioural Models . 26 2.5. Summary . 32 CHAPTER THREE IMPLICIT THEORIES OF VALUES STRUCTURE . 33 3.1. Abstract . 34 3.2. Introduction . 35 3.3. Study 1 . 41 3.4. Method . 41 3.5. Results . 44 3.6. Discussion . 48 3.7. Study 2 . 48 3.8. Method . 48 3.9. Results . 51 3.10. Discussion . 56 3.11. Study 3 . 56 3.12. Method . 56 3.13. Results . 59 3.14. Discussion . 63 3.15. General Discussion . 63 viii CHAPTER FOUR PERSONIFYING DESTINATIONS:A PERSONAL VALUES APPROACH . 69 4.1. Abstract . 70 4.2. Introduction . 71 4.3. Literature Review . 72 4.4. Study 1 . 78 4.5. Method . 78 4.6. Results . 84 4.7. Discussion. 95 CHAPTER FIVE PERSONAL VALUES AND THE THEORY OF PLANNED BEHAVIOUR: A STUDY OF VALUES AND HOLIDAY TRADE-OFFS IN YOUNG ADULTS . 99 5.1. Abstract . 100 5.2. Introduction . 101 5.3. Literature Review . 102 5.4. Method . 110 5.5. Data Analysis . 112 5.6. Results . 113 5.7. Discussion. 117 5.8. Limitations and Future Directions . 119 CHAPTER SIX SUMMARY AND CONCLUSION . 121 6.1. A Summary of the Findings . 121 6.2. Future Directions . 123 6.3. Research Limitations and Future Research . 128 REFERENCE . 131 LIST OF APPENDICES . 157 APPENDIX A. ABSTRACT: Conference IACCP, 2016 . 158 APPENDIX B. ABSTRACT: Conference AMS, 2017 . 159 APPENDIX C. PAPER: Tourism Management, 2017 . 161 APPENDIX D. CHAPTER THREE SURVEY . 164 APPENDIX E. CHAPTER FOUR SURVEY . 192 APPENDIX F. CHAPTER FIVE SURVEY . 197 APPENDIX G. SUPPLEMENTAL MATERIALS . 205