Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Localization of epitopes of herpes simplex virus type 1 glycoprotein D

We previously defined eight groups of monoclonal antibodies which react with distinct epitopes of herpes simplex virus glycoprotein D (gD). One of these, group VII antibody, was shown to react with a type-common continuous epitope within residues 11 to 19 of the mature glycoprotein (residues 36 to 44 of the predicted sequence of gD). In the current investigation, we have localized the sites of binding of two additional antibody groups which recognize continuous epitopes of gD. The use of truncated forms of gD as well as computer predictions of secondary structure and hydrophilicity were instrumental in locating these epitopes and choosing synthetic peptides to mimic their reactivity. Group II antibodies, which are type common, react with an epitope within residues 268 to 287 of the mature glycoprotein (residues 293 to 312 of the predicted sequence). Group V antibodies, which are gD-1 specific, react with an epitope within residues 340 to 356 of the mature protein (residues 365 to 381 of the predicted sequence). Four additional groups of monoclonal antibodies appear to react with discontinuous epitopes of gD-1, since the reactivity of these antibodies was lost when the glycoprotein was denatured by reduction and alkylation. Truncated forms of gD were used to localize these four epitopes to the first 260 amino acids of the mature protein. Competition experiments were used to assess the relative positions of binding of various pairs of monoclonal antibodies. In several cases, when one antibody was bound, there was no interference with the binding of an antibody from another group, indicating that the epitopes were distinct. However, in other cases, there was competition, indicating that these epitopes might share some common amino acids.
DICKKOPF‐4 and ‐2 genes are upregulated in human colorectal cancer

To comprehensively screen for genetic events underlying colorectal cancer, we performed suppression subtraction hybridization analysis on an advanced colon cancer. Because Dickkopf‐4, a member of the Dickkopf family acting as a Wnt‐signaling modulator, was identified as one of the upregulated genes in this specimen, we investigated expression profiles of all the Dickkopf family members in 55 colorectal tumors (21 cancers and 34 adenomas). We also investigated mechanisms regulating the expression of Dickkopf‐4 in these cancers in vitro and in vivo. Compared with normal adjacent mucosae, Dickkopf‐4 (median 27.4, P < 0.01) and ‐2 (median 51.4, P < 0.01) were strongly expressed in colorectal cancers. The level of Dickkopf‐4 was positively correlated with fibroblast growth factor‐20 (rs = 0.61, P = 0.00017), a representative β‐catenin transcriptional target gene, and with the degree of nuclear accumulation of β‐catenin in colorectal tumors. Dickkopf‐4 was induced by activated β‐catenin in vitro. Reciprocally, recombinant Dickkopf‐4 significantly inhibited T‐cell factor/lymphocyte enhancer factor reporter activity stimulated by recombinant Wnt3a in human embryonic kidney 293 cells. We conclude that Dickkopf‐4 and ‐2 are significantly upregulated in most colorectal tumors, and that Dickkopf‐4 upregulation reflects activation of the Wnt/canonical pathway. (Cancer Sci 2009; 100: 1923–1930)
A customer segmentation framework for targeted marketing in telecommunication

Telecommunication industry is highly competitive, and mass marketing is not applicable anymore. Moreover, Mobile customers have different behaviors that urge telecom industries to differentiate their strategies to meet customers' needs. At the same time, mobile operators have an enormous amount of customer records, and data-driven approaches can help them to draw insights from this huge amount of data. Therefore, a data-driven segmentation approach can support marketing strategies to tailor their marketing plans. In this research, we adopt behavior and beneficial segmentation in a two-dimensional framework to segment customers. The results indicate that our method has an outstanding performance for customer segmentation. Moreover, we have recommended some marketing strategies based on each segment's behavior with the aim of increasing in Average Revenue Per User (ARPU) and decreasing in marketing expenses.
Fabrication of Transmission Color Filters Using Silicon Subwavelength Gratings on Quartz Substrates

We investigate theoretically and experimentally transmission color filters using silicon subwavelength gratings on quartz substrates. Each grating area is 120 mum-square, which is suitable pixel size for displays and multichannel detectors. In the fabrication, electron beam lithography and fast atom beam etching are used. The grating periods are 400, 350, and 440 nm for the red, green, and blue filters, respectively. The transmission spectrum obtained from a coupling between an incident light and the submicrometer periodic grating matches with human color perception. The transmittances of 71.1%, 58.1%, and 59.3% are obtained for the red, green, and blue filters, respectively
Network acknowledgement-based and error-propagation-aware importance modelling for H.264/AVC video transmission over wireless networks

In this study, a network acknowledgement-based and error-propagation-aware (NEPA) importance model for H.264/AVC video packet is proposed. Unlike those existing models, the network acknowledgement information is firstly studied to predict the video importance in the author's NEPA model. As a result, the authors can dynamically predict the importance of the current video packet, when its referenced frames are lost. Moreover, by means of analysing the reference relationships among the macro-blocks (MBs), an error propagation/conceal map is drawn to accurately estimate the error propagation effect. The simulation results demonstrate that their NEPA model could achieve an acceptable accuracy for any video sequence as long as its group of pictures (GoP) size is not too large. Furthermore, an application example which adopts the NEPA model in High Speed Downlink Packet Access scheduling system demonstrates the effectiveness of the NEPA model.
Using the Intervention Mapping and Behavioral Intervention Technology Frameworks: Development of an mHealth Intervention for Physical Activity and Sedentary Behavior Change

Few interventions to promote physical activity (PA) adapt dynamically to changes in individuals’ behavior. Interventions targeting determinants of behavior are linked with increased effectiveness and should reflect changes in behavior over time. This article describes the application of two frameworks to assist the development of an adaptive evidence-based smartphone-delivered intervention aimed at influencing PA and sedentary behaviors (SB). Intervention mapping was used to identify the determinants influencing uptake of PA and optimal behavior change techniques (BCTs). Behavioral intervention technology was used to translate and operationalize the BCTs and its modes of delivery. The intervention was based on the integrated behavior change model, focused on nine determinants, consisted of 33 BCTs, and included three main components: (1) automated capture of daily PA and SB via an existing smartphone application, (2) classification of the individual into an activity profile according to their PA and SB, and (3) behavior change content delivery in a dynamic fashion via a proof-of-concept application. This article illustrates how two complementary frameworks can be used to guide the development of a mobile health behavior change program. This approach can guide the development of future mHealth programs.
Clinical characteristics of pulsatile tinnitus caused by sigmoid sinus diverticulum and wall dehiscence: a study of 54 patients

Abstract Conclusions: CT angiography (CTA) and digital subtraction angiography (DSA) are valuable tools in imaging work-ups for the diagnosis of sigmoid sinus diverticulum (SSD) and sigmoid sinus wall dehiscence (SSWD). The development of pulsatile tinnitus (PT) resulting from SSD and SSWD may be associated with the dominance of venous systems. Objective: Our goal was to evaluate the clinical characteristics of PT caused by SSD and SSWD. Methods: This was a retrospective chart review undertaken in a tertiary academic referral center. Fifty-four patients with PT due to SSD and SSWD were recruited. Hospital files of these patients were assessed. Data included medical history, physical examinations, auxiliary examinations, and radiographic findings of CTA and DSA. Results: The study population comprised 51 females and 3 males. Most patients with PT caused by SSD and SSWD were middle-aged women. All had normal otoscopy results. Anomalies occurred in or adjacent to the region of the transverse–sigmoid sinus junction in 52 patients. Half of the patients (27/54) presented abnormal results of examination of blood lipids. There were 57.41% (31/54) cases with ipsilateral dominance of the venous system, 9.26% (5/54) cases with contralateral dominance, and 33.33% (18/54) cases with co-dominance of the venous system.
Vitamin D and Child Health in the 21 st Century

619 VOLUME 48__AUGUST 17, 2011 Till few decades ago, vitamin D was thought of only in relation to bone health and calcium homeostasis. Now, medical and nonmedical fraternities across the world are getting increasingly curious and realising the potential role vitamin D plays in health and disease. There had been a rise in the rate of publication of peer reviewed articles on vitamin D in PubMed from about 100 articles per year in 1975 to >1400 in 2007 [1]. Time magazine has reported vitamin D as one of the top 10 medical breakthroughs of 2007 [2]. New York Times has claimed vitamin D as a potential new miracle drug [3]. It stands at the frontline of current scientific endeavors, being a topic of greatest interest to medical researchers all over the globe. A growing body of evidence, implicating hypovitaminosis D as a risk factor for many diseases right from conception throughout lifespan, implies that awareness and management of widespread vitamin D deficiency may fetch profound future health benefits.
BDNF Signaling Promotes Vestibular Compensation by Increasing Neurogenesis and Remodeling the Expression of Potassium-Chloride Cotransporter KCC2 and GABAA Receptor in the Vestibular Nuclei

Reactive cell proliferation occurs rapidly in the cat vestibular nuclei (VN) after unilateral vestibular neurectomy (UVN) and has been reported to facilitate the recovery of posturo-locomotor functions. Interestingly, whereas animals experience impairments for several weeks, extraordinary plasticity mechanisms take place in the local microenvironment of the VN: newborn cells survive and acquire different phenotypes, such as microglia, astrocytes, or GABAergic neurons, whereas animals eventually recover completely from their lesion-induced deficits. Because brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) can modulate vestibular functional recovery and neurogenesis in mammals, in this study, we examined the effect of BDNF chronic intracerebroventricular infusion versus K252a (a Trk receptor antagonist) in our UVN model. Results showed that long-term intracerebroventricular infusion of BDNF accelerated the restoration of vestibular functions and significantly increased UVN-induced neurogenesis, whereas K252a blocked that effect and drastically delayed and prevented the complete restoration of vestibular functions. Further, because the level of excitability in the deafferented VN is correlated with behavioral recovery, we examined the state of neuronal excitability using two specific markers: the cation-chloride cotransporter KCC2 (which determines the hyperpolarizing action of GABA) and GABAA receptors. We report for the first time that, during an early time window after UVN, significant BDNF-dependent remodeling of excitability markers occurs in the brainstem. These data suggest that GABA acquires a transient depolarizing action during recovery from UVN, which potentiates the observed reactive neurogenesis and accelerates vestibular functional recovery. These findings suggest that BDNF and/or KCC2 could represent novel treatment strategies for vestibular pathologies. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT In this study, we report for the first time that brain-derived neurotrophic factor potentiates vestibular neurogenesis and significantly accelerates functional recovery after unilateral vestibular injury. We also show that specific markers of excitability, the potassium-chloride cotransporter KCC2 and GABAA receptors, undergo remarkable fluctuations within vestibular nuclei (VN), strongly suggesting that GABA acquires a transient depolarizing action in the VN during the recovery period. This novel plasticity mechanism could explain in part how the system returns to electrophysiological homeostasis between the deafferented and intact VN, considered in the literature to be a key parameter of vestibular compensation. In this context, our results open new perspectives for the development of therapeutic approaches to alleviate the vestibular symptoms and favor vestibular function recovery.
Measuring exhaled nitric oxide in animal models: methods and clinical implications

Animal models such as rats and mice are useful for studying the multiple roles of nitric oxide (NO) in various respiratory disorders. The production of NO is catalyzed by the three isoforms of the enzymes (NO synthases; NOS). Indirect assessment of NOS gene or protein expression only provides partial information on the role of NO in health and lung disease. NO can also be measured in exhaled air by invasive or non-invasive approaches as a direct and quantitative marker of NO production in animal models. Whilst addressing the different methods of exhaled NO analysis in small animals (rats and mice), this review also focuses on the possible clinical implications, and discusses the advantages and limitations of these methods.
Bone marrow examination has limited value in the staging of patients with an anaplastic large cell lymphoma first presenting in the skin. Retrospective analysis of 107 patients

Background According to criteria of the World Health Organization–European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer classification for cutaneous lymphomas a diagnosis of primary cutaneous CD30‐positive anaplastic large cell lymphoma (C‐ALCL) should be made only when systemic localizations have been excluded by adequate staging procedures, including a bone marrow biopsy. It has recently been questioned whether or not bone marrow examination should be performed routinely in indolent cutaneous lymphomas such as C‐ALCL. Studies addressing this issue have never been performed.
A 1.57 GHz fully integrated very low phase noise quadrature VCO

A very low phase noise quadrature VCO is presented, featuring an inherently better figure of merit than the existing architectures. Through an improved circuit schematic and a special layout technique, the phase noise of the circuit could be lowered to stand amongst the lowest published. The circuit draws 15 mA from a 2 V supply. The phase noise is -136.5 dBc/Hz@600 kHz and the tuning range is 24% wide at a center frequency of 1.57 GHz. The figure of merit outperforms other published QVCOs.
Improving Handover Performance in 5G mm-Wave HetNets

In future 5G communication systems, the mm-wave transmission is considered as a key solution to fulfill the growing demands in mobile traffic. To overcome the high propagation loss experienced at high frequencies, mm-wave transmission relies heavily on highly directional antennas. Because directional transmission is sensitive to position changes, the existing handover strategies which only consider the instantaneous received signal strength fails to provide robust connections for moving users. In this paper, we propose an improved handover strategy for mm-wave mobile networks taking the connection robustness issue into account. The connection robustness is evaluated in terms of the effective beam coverage probability, which is defined as the probability that a user stays in the coverage area of the same beam after a certain time interval. We show that the proposed handover strategy can reduce handover frequency up to 35% with negligible throughput loss compared to the existing signal strength based scheme.
ReD: A policy based on reuse detection for demanding block selection in last-level Caches

In this paper, we propose a new block selection policy for Last-Level Caches (LLCs) that decides, based on Reuse Detection, whether a block coming from main memory is inserted, or not, in the LLC. The proposed policy, called ReD, is demanding in the sense that blocks bypass the LLC unless their expected reuse behavior matches specific requirements, related either to their recent reuse history or to the behavior of associated instructions. Generally, blocks are only stored in the LLC the second time they are requested in a limited time window. Secondarily, some blocks enter the LLC on the first request if their associated requesting instruction has shown to request highly-reused blocks in the past. ReD includes two table structures that allow tracking, measuring and correlating reuse for specific block addresses and requesting program counters within a constrained storage budget. It can be implemented on top of any other base replacement algorithm. Other parts of the base replacement policy, such as promotion or victim selection, can remain unchanged, enabling our policy to work along with many state-of-the-art replacement algorithms.
Experimental bacterial endocarditis. I. Colonization of a sterile vegetation.

Abstract Quantitative cultures were made to determine the sites of lodgement and the early fate of streptococci injected intravenously into rabbits with pre-existing non-bacterial thrombotic endocarditis, produced by prior placement of a polythene catheter in the right side of the heart. Serial blood cultures in normal animals showed rapid clearance of injected bacteria, whereas in animals with a pre-existing vegetation a persisting bacteraemia ensued. In such animals substantial numbers of injected bacteria adhered to the vegetation, and in this site they multiplied rapidly in a manner resembling the growth curve associated with favourable conditions in vitro. Within 2 days the organisms attained a comparatively stationary phase in the vegetation; and this appeared to be the source of the continued bacteraemia. The morphology of the developing lesion was studied in sections taken at various intervals after inoculation. A notable feature was the abrupt appearance of a superficial layer of fibrin between 18 and 24 hr, which may offer protection to the growing colonies.
Forecasting breaks and forecasting during breaks

Success in accurately forecasting breaks requires that they are predictable from relevant information available at the forecast origin using an appropriate model form, which can be selected and estimated before the break. To clarify the roles of these six necessary conditions, we distinguish between the information set for 'normal forces' and the ones for 'break drivers', then outline sources of potential information. Relevant non-linear, dynamic models facing multiple breaks can have more candidate variables than observations, so we discuss automatic model selection. As a failure to accurately forecast breaks remains likely, we augment our strategy by modelling breaks during their progress, and consider robust forecasting devices.
Lipid micelles stimulate the secretion of triglyceride‐enriched apolipoprotein B48‐containing lipoproteins by Caco‐2 cells

Intestinal triglyceride‐rich lipoproteins (TRL) are synthesized from dietary lipids. This study was designed to evaluate the effects of lipid micelles, mimicking post‐digestive duodenal micelles, on the fate of apolipoprotein B (apoB)48‐containing lipoproteins by Caco‐2 cells. Such micelles, consisting of oleic acid (OA), taurocholate, 2‐monooleoylglycerol (2‐MO), cholesterol (Chol), and L‐α‐lysophospatidylcholine, were the most efficient inducers of OA uptake and esterification. The efficiency of TG and apoB48 secretion increased specifically as a function of cell differentiation. PAGE analysis of secreted lipoproteins separated by sequential ultracentrifugation after [35S] labeling revealed differences in the secretion of apoB100‐ and apoB48‐containing lipoproteins. In absence of micelles, apoB48 was secreted mostly in “HDL‐like” particles, as observed in enterocytes in vivo. Micelle application increased 2.7‐fold the secretion of apoB, resulting in 53 times more apoB48 being recovered as TG‐enriched lipoproteins at d < 1.006 g/ml. Electron microscopy revealed the presence of lipid droplets in the secretory pathway and the accumulation of newly synthesized TG in cytoplasmic lipid droplets, as in enterocytes in vivo. We showed that these droplets could be used for secretion. However, apoB48 preferentially bound to newly synthesized TG in the presence of micelles, accounting in part for the functional advantage of apoB editing in the intestine. While Caco‐2 cells express both apoB isoforms, our results show that the apical supply of complex lipid micelles favors the physiological route of apoB48‐containing TG‐enriched lipoproteins. © 2004 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
CD38-Targeted Immunochemotherapy in Refractory Multiple Myeloma: A New Horizon

CD38 is a type II transmembrane glycoprotein that is highly expressed in multiple myeloma and is a promising target for immunotherapy. Daratumumab is a human monoclonal antibody that has potent anti-multiple myeloma activity both as monotherapy and in combination with other multiple myeloma treatments, and has breakthrough designation on this basis. Clin Cancer Res; 21(12); 2660–2. ©2015 AACR. See related article by Nijhof et al., p. 2802