Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Variability of Production Traits in First Lactation Romanian Spotted Breed Heifers

Ninety-five first lactation cows of the Romanian spotted breed were used, to study the production traits of the breed and its potential for genetic improvement, in the Buzias farm, Timis County. The data were statistically subjected to analyses of variance, for phenotypic parameters: milk, fat and protein yield, fat and protein percentage. Average milk yield per lactation over a standard 305-day lactation length was 3920.63 ± 571.99 kg (ranging from 2598.1 to 5298.7 kg), while fat and protein yields averaged 153.45 ± 22.68 kg (ranging from 98.44 to 208.11 kg) and 126.46 ± 21.08 kg (ranging from 76.51 to 177.35 kg), respectively. A good fat percentage of milk (3.81% ± 0.35) and protein (3.19% ± 0.31) was registered. Milk and fat yield were strong and positive correlated (r = 0.9511). A stronger correlation was registered between milk and protein yield (r = 0.9748). For fat and protein percentage, correlations with milk yield were very low positive, ranging from 0.0648 to 0.0812. Results obtained show that in the studied heifers herd there is a nucleus of positive variants for milk, fat and protein yield, which can be selected to form a valuable dairy cows herd.
Modelling dust around Nearby Evolved Stars Survey (NESS) Targets

Abstract We present radiative transfer modelling of the dust around U Ant, a well-studied detached-shell source. U Ant is among the >400 sources targeted by the Nearby Evolved Stars Survey (NESS; PI: P. Scicluna), and the procedure used to model this source will be applied to the rest of the AGB sample in NESS.
The prognostic significance of the mixed lineage leukaemia partial tandem duplication in acute myeloid leukaemia

This study concerns a specific molecular genetic mutation, the mixed lineage leukaemia partial tandem duplication ( MLL PTD). MLL is a transcriptional regulator that known to be instrumental in both normal haematopoiesis and in leukaemogenesis. This study aimed to evaluate the prognostic importance of this abnormality through investigation of its influence on clinical outcome, its utility as a marker of minimal residual disease (MRD) and the downstream effects of its expression. A qualitative PCR assay was established and determined the frequency of MLL PTD to be 5.2% in de novo AML. MLL PTD was found to be a useful independent marker being associated with a greater risk of relapse and a reduction of relapse free survival and overall survival. A quantitative PCR (QPCR) assay was developed that reliably distinguished AML-related MLL PTDs from the low level of background MLL PTDs occurring normally. Despite a high rate of cytogenetic clonal evolution MLL PTD expression remained stabled between diagnosis and relapse, making it a suitable marker for MRD. Results also suggested the QPCR assay could determine onset of remission and prediction of relapse. Gene expression profiling was used to identify a gene signature unique to the MLL PTD and was found to be distinct from that associated with MLL translocation. Analysis of the gene signature also identified three candidate chemotherapy compounds predicted to antagonise the effects of the MLL PTD. The results of this study could prove instrumental in improving the treatment of MLL PTD patients.
Early development of the aplacophoran mollusc Chaetoderma

Nielsen, C. , Haszprunar, G. , Ruthensteiner, B. and Wanninger A. 2007. Early development of the aplacophoran mollusc Chaetoderma . — Acta Zoologica (Stockholm) 88 : 231‐247 The early development of the trochophore larva of the aplacophoran Chaetoderma nitidulum (Mollusca: Caudofoveata = Chaetodermomorpha) is described using scanning and transmission electron microscopy and using fluorescence staining and confocal laser scanning microscopy of the muscle system. The most important features include the presence of a prototroch and a telotroch, serially arranged glandular cells (spiculoblasts) at the dorsal mantle, the occurrence of a ventral suture as a possible remnant of a former foot sole, and the presence of a pair of protonephridia. The development of the early anlagen of the circular body wall muscles does not show the anterior‐ posterior mode of formation that is typical for annelids, thus strengthening the hypothesis of a non-segmented ancestry of Mollusca.
Comparaison des propriétés antiapoptotiques de quatre protéines du virus de la vaccine en isolement et au cours de l’infection virale.

L’apoptose, mort cellulaire observee suite a l’activation des caspases effectrices, est un moyen de defense contre les pathogenes, en particulier les virus. Le virus de la vaccine (VACV) est un virus contenant un grand genome a ADN codant pour environ 200 proteines, dont plusieurs inhibent l’apoptose. Cette apparente redondance fonctionnelle complique l’etude des proteines antiapoptotiques du virus dans un contexte d’infection virale. Dans ce travail, nous comparerons les proprietes antiapoptotiques des proteines B13, F1, GAAP et N1 de VACV. Cette comparaison sera etablie dans un premier temps en dehors de toute infection virale. En utilisant des vecteurs lentiviraux, nous avons obtenu des lignees cellulaires stables (U2-OS) exprimant ces proteines en isolation. Nous avons alors pu tester les capacites antiapoptotiques de ces proteines en reponse a des stimuli provoquant l’apoptose extrinseque et intrinseque. Les resultats ont montre que B13 etait la plus puissante molecule inhibitrice de l’apoptose intrinseque et qu’elle etait la seule a inhiber l’apoptose extrinseque. Ensuite nous avons tire avantage d’un virus de la vaccine deficient (vv811) qui ne possede aucune de ces proteines antiapoptotiques, capable a lui seul d’induire l’apoptose, en l’absence de toute autre stimulus. En infectant nos lignees cellulaires exprimant les molecules in trans avec vv811, nous avons pu montrer que B13 inhibait cette apoptose induite par le virus beaucoup plus efficacement que F1. GAAP et N1 dans ce contexte n’ont pas demontre de proprietes antiapoptotiques. Enfin, nous avons construit par mutagenese des virus vv811 recombinants exprimant les molecules etudiees in cis. Suite a l’infection par ces virus de cellules U2-OS et Hela, B13, de nouveau, et F1 ont montre des capacites d’inhibition importantes de l’apoptose. L’action de GAAP s’est revelee dependante du type cellulaire et N1 n’a pas pu inhiber l’apoptose induite par ce virus deficient dans aucune des cellules testees. En utilisant ces differentes approches, nous avons pu nous affranchir des problemes de redondance et comparer 4 molecules antiapoptotiques du virus de la vaccine, y compris dans un contexte d’infection virale. Les resultats ont confirme que toutes les proteines etudiees possedaient des proprietes antiapoptiques et ont clairement montre que B13 etait la plus puissante
The enterohepatic circulation of bile salts in health and disease : a kinetic approach

Background/Aims: The bile salt-activated farnesoid X receptor (FXR; NR1H4) controls expression of several genes considered crucial in maintenance of bile salt homeostasis. We evaluated the physiological consequences of FXR deﬁ ciency on bile formation and on the kinetics of the enterohepatic circulation of cholate, the major bile salt species in mice. Methods: The pool size, fractional turnover rate, synthesis rate, and intestinal absorption of cholate were determined by stable isotope dilution and were related to expression of relevant transporters in the liver and intestines of FXR-deﬁ cient ( Fxr (-/-) ) mice. Results: Fxr (-/-) mice showed only mildly elevated plasma bile salt concentrations associated with a 2.4-fold higher biliary bile salt output, whereas hepatic mRNA levels of the bile salt export pump ( Bsep ) were decreased. Cholate pool size and total bile salt pool size were increased by 67% and 39%, respectively, in Fxr (-/-) mice compared to wild-type mice. The cholate synthesis rate was increased by 85% in Fxr (-/-) mice, coinciding with a 2.5-fold increase in cholesterol 7 α -hydroxylase ( Cyp7a1 ) and unchanged sterol 12 α -hydroxylase ( Cyp8b1 ) expression in the liver. Despite a complete absence of ileal bile acid-binding protein (Ibabp) mRNA and protein, the fractional turnover rate and cycling time of the cholate pool were not affected. The calculated amount of cholate reabsorbed from the intestine per day was ~2-fold higher in Fxr (-/-) than in wild-type mice. Conclusions: Absence of FXR in mice is associated with defective feedback inhibition of hepatic cholate synthesis, which leads to enlargement of the circulating cholate pool with an unaltered fractional turnover rate. The absence of Ibabp does not negatively interfere with the enterohepatic circulation of cholate in mice.
Release of dissolved organic matter by Prochlorococcus

Les cellules phytoplanctoniques vivantes liberent une fraction variable du carbone inorganique fixe lors de la photosynthese sous forme de composes organiques dissous extracellulaires. Les pourcentages rapportes dans la litterature varient de 0 % a 80 %. Malgre cette grande etendue et des effets potentiellement importants sur les flux de carbone et les reseaux trophiques, l'etat actuel des connaissances sur le role des variables environnementales et des especes phytoplanctoniques de ce processus demeure incomplet. En particulier, il n'existe aucune estimation de la liberation de carbone organique dissous par Prochlorococcus, une cyanobacterie marine consideree comme l'organisme oxygenique phototrophe dominant des oceans. Nous rapportons des taux de liberation extracellulaire de composes organiques dissous provenant de deux souches axeniques de Prochlorococcus, representant des ecotypes differents (MED4 et MIT9312), cultivees sous des conditions d'abondance en nutriments et limitees pour le phosphore. Des techniques independantes basees sur le tracage de 14 C-bicarbonate et des analyses chimiques du carbone organique particulaire et dissous suggerent que la liberation de carbone organique dissous dans le milieu environnant varie entre 9 et 24 % du carbone inorganique total assimile. Cette liberation est legerement inferieure pour les cultures limitees par le phosphore. Entre 4 et 20 % de la matiere organique liberee est composee d'acides carboxyliques de faibles poids moleculaires, tous des composes connus comme etant hautement labiles pour les bacteries heterotrophes. Dans les oceans oligotrophes ou Prochlorococcus domine la production primaire, ce processus pourrait contribuer de facon majeure au reservoir de substrats organiques disponibles pour les heterotrophes microbiens.
Rôle de l'intégrine bêta 8 dans le maintien de l'état souche et la radiorésistance des cellules souches de glioblastomes : vers une nouvelle thérapie ciblée

Les glioblastomes (GB) sont des tumeurs cerebrales invasives, resistantes et qui recidivent systematiquement malgre un traitement associant chirurgie, radio- et chimiotherapie. Ces tumeurs de tres mauvais pronostic, se caracterisent par une survie mediane de 15 mois. L'agressivite des GB est notamment due a la presence d'une sous-population de cellules souches (GSC). Les GSC sont caracterisees par leurs capacites d'auto-renouvellement, d'expression de differents marqueurs souches, de multipotence et de tumorigenese. Elles sont fortement impliquees dans la resistance et la recidive tumorale et leur ciblage pourrait ameliorer le traitement des GB. Au vu de la litterature et de resultats obtenus au laboratoire, l'integrine s8 est apparue comme une nouvelle cible potentielle de ces GSC. Cette integrine est decrite comme possedant un role majeur dans la survie et l'auto-renouvellement des cellules progenitrices neurales saines et sa surexpression est associee a une diminution de la survie des patients. Nous avons alors emis l'hypothese que l'integrine s8 pourrait etre impliquee dans le maintien de l'etat souche des GSC. J'ai demontre au cours de ma these que cette integrine est surexprimee dans des primocultures de GSC issues de resections de GB ainsi que dans des coupes de tumeurs de patients. De plus, j'ai mis en evidence que s8 est associee a l'etat souche et a des fonctionnalites propres a ces cellules, notamment leur auto-renouvellement, leur viabilite, leur migration et leur radioresistance. En inhibant selectivement s8 dans nos primocultures de GSC par si/shRNA, j'ai en effet observe in vitro une diminution de la formation de neurospheres et de la migration cellulaire ainsi qu'une augmentation de la differentiation et de la mort cellulaire, cette derniere etant potentialisee apres irradiation. Enfin, in vivo, j'ai mis en evidence que l'inhibition de s8 se traduit par une diminution de la tumorigenese et une augmentation de la survie des souris. En conclusion, mes resultats de these permettent d'identifier l'integrine s8 comme une proteine membranaire necessaire au maintien de l'etat souche dans les GSC mais surtout comme une potentielle cible therapeutique radiosensibilisante dans les GB.
Involvements of parents in the care of preterm infants: A pilot study evaluating a family-centered care intervention in a Chinese Neonatal Intensive Care Unit

1 Division of Neonatal Medicine, Hunan Children’s Hospital, Changsha, Hunan Province, China. 2 Nursing Department, Hunan Children’s Hospital, Changsha, Hunan Province, China. 3 Division of Neonatology, Los Angeles Children’s Hospital and University of Southern California Medical Center and Keck School of University of Southern California, Los Angeles, USA. 4 School of Nursing and Midwifery, Faculty of Health and Human Sciences, Plymouth University, Plymouth, United Kingdom.
Dispersal ability modulates the strength of the latitudinal richness gradient in European beetles

Aim A debate exists as to whether present-day diversity gradients are governed by current environmental conditions or by changes in environmental conditions through time. Recent studies have shown that latitudinal richness gradients might be partially caused by incomplete post-glacial recolonization of high-latitude regions; this leads to the prediction that less mobile taxa should have steeper gradients than more mobile taxa. The aim of this study is to test this prediction. Location Europe. Methods We first assessed whether spatial turnover in species composition is a good surrogate for dispersal ability by measuring the proportion of wingless species in 19 European beetle clades and relating this value to spatial turnover (βsim) of the clade. We then linearly regressed βsim values of 21 taxa against the slope of their respective diversity gradients. Results A strong relationship exists between the proportion of wingless species and βsim, and βsim was found to be a good predictor of latitudinal richness gradients. Main conclusions Results are consistent with the prediction that poor dispersers have steeper richness gradients than good dispersers, supporting the view that current beetle diversity gradients in Europe are affected by post-glacial dispersal lags.
Design and synthesis of diazepine inhibitors as novel anti-cancer agents

Cancer is a new growth that arises from abnormal and uncontrolled division of cells that may go on to invade and destroy surrounding tissues. The eukaryotic cell cycle consists of a complex sequence of events that regulates cell division and responses to DNA damage. These processes rely upon several key enzymes, including the cyclin dependent kinases (CDKs), checkpoint kinases (Chk2) and poly(ADP-ribose)polymerase-l (PARP-1). CDKs are a family of protein kinases that control progression of the cell cycle, and are themselves regulated by a complex network of activating and inhibitory mechanisms. The vital importance of CDKs in regulating of the cell cycle, emphasise their importance as anti-cancer drug targets. CDKs inhibitors compete with the natural substrate ATP in a competitive manner. Hymenialdisine and kenpaullone have been identified as novel and potent CDK inhibitors both containing an unusual azepinone scaffold. Checkpoint kinase 2 (Chk2) is a novel target for anti-cancer drug design. The enzyme mediates cell proliferation in response to DNA damage by inducing cell cycle arrest, which facilitates the DNA repair pathways. Chk2 inhibition has been recognised as a potential target for the chemopotentiation of current anti-cancer treatments. Few Chk2 inhibitors are known, kenpaullone has been identified as a novel and selective ATP competitive Chk2 inhibitor (IC50 = 0.8 uM). Debromohymenialdisine (DBH) also containing an azepinone scaffold has also been reported to inhibit Chk2. Poly(ADP-ribose)polymerase-l (PARP-1) is activated in response to DNA damage, and inhibition can potentiate cancer chemotherapy and radiotherapy. A PARP-1 inhibitor in combination with a cytotoxic agent should enhance drug activity by blocking the repair capabilities of PARP-1 in cancer cells. Although many types of inhibitors have been identified for each of these three enzymes, compounds containing a seven-membered lactam ring have been identified as key inhibitors for CDKs/Chk2/PARP-l. This study is entered upon developing the synthesis for a series of novel inhibitors of these three enzymes containing the essential lactam pharmacophore in their structures. The compounds synthesised in this study were assessed by a number of biological assays showing moderate or good growth or catalytic inhibitory activity against CDKs and PARP-1 respectively, while assays against Chk2 showed no inhibition.
LabVIEW Interfaced PC-Based Fishpond Monitoring System

In this paper, the environmental condition of fishes was monitored through a LabVIEW interface to guarantee safety and survival by providing a natural water environment with adequate favorable conditions. Fishes are cold-blooded animals as such their growth depends closely on the environmental situation which includes water level, water quality, temperature as well as feeding schedules. Monitoring the situation of the pond is challenging to fish farmers . In this work, LabVIEW interfaced PC-Based fishpond monitoring system have been designed using Arduino Uno which is capable of monitoring and controlling the activity of fishpond in terms of water level, temperature and feeding time. The Arduino board was interfaced to the LabVIEW LINX with all sensors (LM35 and Potentiometer), valve switch’s (pumping and discharge) of the water in the fishpond and the motor (solenoid shooter) which serves as the central lock attached to the feed storage. The environmental conditions of the pond system were monitored between 24 o C to 34 o C temperature, 0.7m to 2.5m depth and high/low button condition for feeding.
Patterns in plant development: Subject index

Preface Acknowledgements 1. Development in the vascular plants 2. Embryogenesis: beginnings of development 3. Analytical and experimental studies of embryo development 4. The structure of the shoot apex 5. Analytical studies of the shoot apex 6. Experimental investigations on the shoot apex 7. Organogenesis in the shoot: leaf origin and position 8. Organogenesis in the shoot: determination of leaves and branches 9. Organogenesis in the shoot: later stages of leaf development 10. Determinate shoots: thorns and flowers 11. The development of the shoot system 12. The root 13. Differentiation of the plant body: the origin of pattern 14. Differentiation of the plant body: the elaboration of pattern 15. Secondary growth: the vascular cambium 16. Seconary growth: experimental studies on the cambium 17. Alternative patterns of development Credits Author index Subject index.
A revised evolutionary history of Poales: origins and diversification

Poales represents more than one-third of all monocotyledons (c. 20 000 species in 16 families) and constitutes a microcosm of the angiosperms. The extreme variation in species richness among the families of Poales is still not understood: Poaceae includes ∼10 000 species, whereas six families have fewer than ten species. Here, using the largest phylogenetic analysis of Poales to date, molecular dating, ancestral reconstructions and diversification analyses, we develop a macro-evolutionary and macro-ecological approach to seek correlates for changing diversification patterns. We show that the poalean families diverged in the Late Cretaceous, a time of high levels of CO2 and high rainfall. Our habitat reconstructions indicate that Poales inhabited open and dry habitats in this environment. We also demonstrate that lineages with CO2-concentrating mechanisms inhabiting dry and open environments exhibited higher diversification rates than C3, shade and wet lineages. CO2-concentrating mechanisms counteract the effects of low atmospheric CO2 and reduce phototranspiration. It is believed that the parallel evolution of C4 and CAM (Crassulacean acid metabolism) photosynthesis in Poaceae, Cyperaceae and Bromeliaceae is an adaptation to changes in atmospheric CO2 concentrations. Combinations of extrinsic and intrinsic factors might have played a role in shifts in diversification rates and may explain the variation in species richness in Poales. © 2014 The Linnean Society of London, Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society, 2014, 00, 000‐000. ADDITIONAL KEYWORDS: ancestral reconstructions ‐ Cenozoic ‐ CO2-concentrating mechanisms ‐ molecular dating ‐ open and dry habitats ‐ radiation.
Analysis of nuclear exosome associated co-factors in Saccharomyces cerevisiae

i Acknowledgments . i i Index of contents . i i i Index of f igures . vi i Index of tables . x Abbreviat ions, units and nomenclature . xi i Chapter 1: Introduction . 1 1.1. RNA degradation in Eukaryotes . 1 1.1.1. The eukaryot ic exosome complex . 1 1.1.2. Funct ions of the eukaryot ic exosome . 3 1.1.3. Composit ion of the eukaryot ic core-exosome complex . 10 1.2. Catalyt ic components of the eukaryotic exosome . 15 1.2. 1. Rrp44 . 15 1.2. 2. Rrp6 . 20 1.2. 3. Specif ic funct ions of Rrp6 in RNA maturat ion and degradat ion . 24 1.3. Exosome associated co-factors . 28 1.3. 1. Rrp47 . 28 1.3. 2. Mpp6 . 34 1.3. 3. The TRAMP complex . 35 1.3. 4. Composit ion of TRAMP complexes . 36 1.3. 4.1. Trf4/Trf5 . 38 1.3. 4.2. Air/Air2 . 42 1.3. 4.3. Mtr4 . 43 1.3. 5. TRAMP dependent target ing to the nuclear exosome . 46 1.3. 6. The NNS (Nrd1/Nab3/Sen1) complex . 47 1.3. 7. Rex1 . 52 1.4. Functional redundancy and synthetic lethal interactions . 53 1.5. Aims of this study . 55 Chapter 2: Materials and methods . 56
Effect of L-glutamine levels in piglets diets challenged with Escherichia coli lipopolysacharides

Objective. To evaluate the effect of different levels of L-glutamine on weaned and immunologically challenged piglets with Escherichia coli lipopolysaccharides (LPS) on performance parameters, serum cortisol and defense cells. Materials and methods. Four levels of L -glutamine were evaluated (0, 1.0, 1.5, 2.0%) as well as the addition, or no addition, of LPS (0.3µg). 96 piglets were used (48 castrated males and 48 females) of Agroceres x PenArlan lineage, with an initial age of 21 days and 6.06±0.852 kg live weight. An experimental design was used on randomized blocks in a factorial setting 4 x 2 (levels of L- glutamine with or without challenge). Results. Cubic effect was shown for daily weight gain of unchallenged animals, and was better with the addition of 0.41% L- glutamine. Feed conversion improved with increased levels of L -glutamine for challenged animals. In the evaluation of defense cells, there was interaction of leukocytes with the levels of L- glutamine and the immune challenge. Eosinophils and lymphocytes showed a quadratic effect for the levels of L -glutamine, with a maximum value of 1.30% and 0.5%, respectively. Conclusions. L -glutamine supplementation of up to 2% in the diet improves feed conversion and favors the immune serum of weaned piglets challenged with LPS of E. coli.
EFEITOS DO EXERCÍCIO FÍSICO-FUNCIONAL NO EQUILÍBRIO CORPORAL E NA MARCHA DE IDOSOS COM DOENÇA DE PARKINSON

Laboratório de Estudo e Pesquisa em Reabilitação do Equilíbrio Corporal e Inclusão Social (LabRECIS) da Universidade Anhanguera de São Paulo UNIAN/SP. Laboratório do Comportamento Motor, Escola de Educação Física e Esporte, Universidade de São Paulo USP. Departamento de Fisioterapia, Fonoaudiologia e Terapia Ocupacional da Universidade de São Paulo USP. Setor de Transtornos do Movimento — Universidade Federal de São Paulo — UNIFESP.