Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Risk of radiogenic second cancers following volumetric modulated arc therapy and proton arc therapy for prostate cancer

Prostate cancer patients who undergo radiotherapy are at an increased risk to develop a radiogenic second cancer. Proton therapy has been shown to reduce the predicted risk of second cancer when compared to intensity modulated radiotherapy. However, it is unknown if this is also true for the rotational therapies proton arc therapy and volumetric modulated arc therapy (VMAT). The objective of this study was to compare the predicted risk of cancer following proton arc therapy and VMAT for prostate cancer. Proton arc therapy and VMAT plans were created for three patients. Various risk models were combined with the dosimetric data (therapeutic and stray dose) to predict the excess relative risk (ERR) of cancer in the bladder and rectum. Ratios of ERR values (RRR) from proton arc therapy and VMAT were calculated. RRR values ranged from 0.74 to 0.99, and all RRR values were shown to be statistically less than 1, except for the value calculated with the linear-non-threshold risk model. We conclude that the predicted risk of cancer in the bladder or rectum following proton arc therapy for prostate cancer is either less than or approximately equal to the risk following VMAT, depending on which risk model is applied.
Proteinase-activated receptor 2 is an anti-inflammatory signal for colonic lamina propria lymphocytes in a mouse model of colitis

The proteinase-activated receptor 2 (PAR-2) is a member of a family of G protein-coupled receptors for proteases. Proteases cleave PARs within the extracellular N-terminal domains to expose tethered ligands that bind to and activate the cleaved receptors. PAR-2 is highly expressed in colon in epithelial and neuronal elements. In this study we show that PAR-2 activation prevents the development and induces healing of T helper cell type 1-mediated experimental colitis induced by intrarectal administration of 2,4,6-trinitrobenzene sulfonic acid (TNBS) in mice. A role for PAR-2 in the protection against colon inflammation was explored by the use of SLIGRL-NH2, a synthetic peptide that corresponds to the mouse tethered ligand exposed after PAR-2 cleavage. TNBS-induced colitis was dose-dependently reduced by the administration of SLIGRL-NH2, whereas the scramble control peptide, LSIGRL-NH2, was uneffective. This beneficial effect was reflected by increased survival rates, improvement of macroscopic and histologic scores, decrease in mucosal content of T helper cell type 1 cytokines, protein, and mRNA, and a diminished myeloperoxidase activity. SLIGRL-NH2, but not the scramble peptide, directly inhibited IFN-γ secretion and CD44 expression on lamina propria T lymphocytes. Protection exerted by PAR-2 in TNBS-treated mice was reverted by injecting mice with a truncated form of calcitonin gene-related peptide and by sensory neurons ablation with the neurotoxin capsaicin. Collectively, these studies show that PAR-2 is an anti-inflammatory receptor in the colon and suggest that PAR-2 ligands might be effective in the treatment of inflammatory bowel diseases.
Non‐parametric confidence bands in deconvolution density estimation

Summary. Uniform confidence bands for densities f via non‐parametric kernel estimates were first constructed by Bickel and Rosenblatt. In this paper this is extended to confidence bands in the deconvolution problem g=f*ψ for an ordinary smooth error density ψ. Under certain regularity conditions, we obtain asymptotic uniform confidence bands based on the asymptotic distribution of the maximal deviation (L∞‐distance) between a deconvolution kernel estimator and f. Further consistency of the simple non‐parametric bootstrap is proved. For our theoretical developments the bias is simply corrected by choosing an undersmoothing bandwidth. For practical purposes we propose a new data‐driven bandwidth selector that is based on heuristic arguments, which aims at minimizing the L∞‐distance between and f. Although not constructed explicitly to undersmooth the estimator, a simulation study reveals that the bandwidth selector suggested performs well in finite samples, in terms of both area and coverage probability of the resulting confidence bands. Finally the methodology is applied to measurements of the metallicity of local F and G dwarf stars. Our results confirm the ‘G dwarf problem’, i.e. the lack of metal poor G dwarfs relative to predictions from ‘closed box models’ of stellar formation.
A remark on bigness of the tangent bundle of a smooth projective variety and D-simplicity of its section rings

We point out a connection between bigness of the tangent bundle of a smooth projective variety X over ℂ and simplicity of the section rings of X as modules over their rings of differential operators. As a consequence, we see that the tangent bundle of a smooth projective toric variety or a (partial) flag variety is big. Some other applications and related questions are discussed.
The Ratification of Ilo Conventions: A Failure Time Analysis

There are over 180 ILO conventions in many areas of labour law, industrial relations and social security, but they are not ratified universally: for the conventions adopted between 1975 and 1995, the cumulated probability of ratification is about 13 per cent ten years after their adoption. In this paper, the ratification decision is understood as a transition between two states. Using duration analysis, we identify circumstances which are favourable to this transition. For industrialised countries, the ratification of ILO conventions is shown to depend on internal political factors such as the preferences of actors from governments or trade unions. For developing countries, the only variables which are significant relate to the economic costs of ratification. There is no evidence for external pressure bearing on the ratification decision. Among industrialised member states, there is a clear downward trend in estimated ratification probabilities over the last two decades.
Organizational learning for viable inter-organizations

To work against threats and to obtain new possibilities, new forms of inter-organizational collaborations are formed. Established models of organizational control are insufficient to cope with the management of such complex situations. In inter-organizations there is also a need to foresee and act upon future events. The management literature deals mainly with one single organization although aspects of collaborative processes are discussed. The human challenges of virtual team membership are: Creating effective team leadership; Managing conflict and global virtual teams dynamics; Developing trust and relationships; Understanding cross-cultural differences; Developing intercultural communication competence. Organizational learning is recommended as a tool to in the first place develop an intercultural communication competence, but also as a complement to learn more about each other. To develop organizational learning within an organization has shown to be successful. The question is how to transfer the concept to inter-organizations. The viability of an inter-organization is depending on the ability to work as a team, learn from each other and adapt to new situations. In this paper problems and possibilities with inter-organizational management and organizational learning are discussed.
Involuntary Commitment Application: An Online Training Module

The use of Web-based technology has enabled many government and corporate training divisions to reach more learners than ever before. Institutions are restructuring their budgets or obtaining funding from governments or foundations to fund resources needed to increase online learning offerings. While online learning is increasing, questions arise as to the quality when compared to traditional face-to-face instruction. The purpose of this project is to analyze training sessions used by a state judicial system in southeastern United States for their Involuntary Commitment (IC) training to determine if self-directed online training is a viable solution to replace the current face-to-face training program and if so, design, develop and evaluate a pilot program for online training material.
The Chinese economy, seen from Japan and the Netherlands

This paper assesses the consequences of the rapid Chinese economic development for Japan and the Netherlands. China has become the most important supplier of import goods for Japan and the fourth most important one for the Netherlands. With two-thirds of Dutch imports from China being re-exported, the emergence of China has enhanced the role of the Netherlands as European distribution centre. As for exports, China is now a major market for Japan, but not for the Netherlands. This is in line with gravity models of foreign trade. The same holds for differences in foreign direct investment (FDI), with Japan the biggest investor in China and the Netherlands a minor one. The emergence of China has increased purchasing power of Japanese and Dutch households, while its effects on labour markets and income distribution are relatively modest. In spite of differences between Japan and the Netherlands, the consequences for economic policy of the increasing role of China are very similar.
Protective effect of curcumin on cyclosporin A-induced endothelial dysfunction, antioxidant capacity, and oxidative damage

Cyclosporin A (CsA) is the most widely used immunosuppressive drug for preventing graft rejection and autoimmune disease. However, the therapeutic treatment induces several side effects such as nephrotoxicity, cardiotoxicity, hypertension, and hepatotoxicity. Curcumin has been successfully used as a potent antioxidant against many pathophysiological states. This experimental study was performed to test, during CsA treatment, the alterations of curcumin antioxidant properties against CsA-induced endothelial dysfunction. Rats were divided into four groups: control, curcumin alone, CsA, and CsA + curcumin; each group containing eight animals. The animals in the CsA + curcumin group were treated with CsA (10 days, 25 mg/kg, orally) and curcumin (15 days, 200 mg/kg, orally, starting 5 days before CsA administration). At the end of the treatments, the animals were killed; serum and aorta tissue were treated for biochemical and morphological analyses. The results indicate that CsA-induced aortic endothelial dysfunction was characterized by morphological and ultrastructural alterations in tissue architecture, changes in malondialdehyde and ferric reducing/antioxidant power levels, and increase in endothelial nitric oxide synthase and terminal-deoxynucleotidyl-transferase mediated dUTP nick end labeling (TUNEL) expression. In conclusion, our data suggest that the imbalance between production of free oxygen radicals and antioxidant defence systems, due to CsA administration, is a mechanism responsible for oxidative stress. Moreover, we show that curcumin plays a protective action against CsA-induced endothelial dysfunction and oxidative stress, as supported by biochemical, ultrastructural, immunohistochemical, and TUNEL results.
Molecular Characterization of Two-Component Systems of Helicobacter pylori

ABSTRACT Two-component systems are frequently involved in the adaptation of bacteria to changing environmental conditions at the level of transcriptional regulation. Here we report the characterization of members of the two-component systems of the gastric pathogenHelicobacter pylori deduced from the genome sequence of strain 26695. We demonstrate that the response regulators HP166, HP1043, and HP1021 have essential functions, as disruption of the corresponding genes is lethal for the bacteria, irrespective of the fact that HP1043 and HP1021 have nonconserved substitutions in crucial amino acids of their receiver domains. An analysis of the in vitro phosphorylation properties of the two-component proteins demonstrates that HP244-HP703 and HP165-HP166 are cognate histidine kinase-response regulator pairs. Furthermore, we provide evidence that the variability of the histidine kinase HP165 caused by a poly(C) tract of variable length close to the 3′ end of open reading frame 165/164 does not interfere with the kinase activity of the transmitter domain of HP165.
Impulse‐based rigid body interaction in SPH

A new boundary force is proposed to solve rigid body interaction in SPH (Smoothed Particle Hydrodynamics). The new boundary force is impulse‐based rather than potential‐based. The impulse is converted to a boundary force with a fundamental observation that the impulse is a momentum change which is a result of a force acting on an object during a time interval. Our new impulse‐based boundary force gives more stable and accurate results in all kinds of rigid body interactions, especially in rigid—rigid interaction since our boundary force faithfully reflects the dynamic features of rigid body. With our impulse‐based boundary force, SPH fluid solver is capable of full two way interaction of fluid and rigid body and it turns to be a particle‐based rigid body solver if only rigid bodies are simulated without fluid. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Emotional Thin-Slicing: A Proposal for a Short- and Long-Term Division of Emotional Speech

Human listeners are adept at successfully recovering linguisticallyand socially-relevant information from very brief utterances. Studies using the ‘thin-slicing’ approach show that accurate judgments of the speaker’s emotional state can be made from minimal quantities of speech. The present experiment tested the performance of listeners exposed to thinsliced samples of spoken Brazilian Portuguese selected to exemplify four emotions (anger, fear, sadness, happiness). Rather than attaching verbal labels to the audio samples, participants were asked to pair the excerpts with averaged facial images illustrating the four emotion categories. Half of the listeners were native speakers of Brazilian Portuguese, while the others were native English speakers who knew no Portuguese. Both groups of participants were found to be accurate and consistent in assigning the audio samples to the expected emotion category, but some emotions were more reliably identified than others. Fear was misidentified most frequently. We conclude that the phonetic cues to speakers’ emotional states are sufficiently salient and differentiated that listeners need only a few syllables upon which to base judgments, and that as a species we owe our perceptual sensitivity in this area to the survival value of being able to make rapid decisions concerning the psychological states of others.
Psychosis in a Child Infected with Vivax Malaria: A Case Report

Several neurological complications are associated with com­ plicated and severe falciparum malaria. However association of these neurological manifestations with malaria remains doubtful [3]. We report a case of acute malaria in a seven year old girl presenting with seizures with features of psychosis. Her blood film showed Plasmodium Vivax trophozoites which is unusual. The case is being is being discussed.
Microbial Volatiles: Small Molecules with an Important Role in Intra- and Inter-Kingdom Interactions

During the last decades, research on the function of volatile organic compounds focused primarily on the interactions between plants and insects. However, microorganisms can also release a plethora of volatiles and it appears that microbial volatile organic compounds (mVOCs) can play an important role in intra- and inter-kingdom interactions. So far, most studies are focused on aboveground volatile-mediated interactions and much less information is available about the function of volatiles belowground. This minireview summarizes the current knowledge on the biological functions of mVOCs with the focus on mVOCs-mediated interactions belowground. We pinpointed mVOCs involved in microbe-microbe and microbe–plant interactions, and highlighted the ecological importance of microbial terpenes as a largely underexplored group of mVOCs. We indicated challenges in studying belowground mVOCs-mediated interactions and opportunities for further studies and practical applications.
Religious faith and its affect on entrepreneurial values, marketing and human resource strategy and business performance: an empirical analysis

This study attempts to investigate the relationships between Malay entrepreneurs’ religious orientation, values, marketing and human resource strategy and business performance. Earliest study on values and religiosity revealed that those who are highly religious have different influence on value system from those who are less religious. In the West, some study revealed that entrepreneurs who possess a sense of personal religiosity are significantly satisfied with their lives and succeeded in their businesses. In the field of SME, it has been identified that entrepreneurs’ values are one of the most important factors that influence entrepreneurs’ management practices. Some researches confirmed that entrepreneurial values do affect firms’ management practices and business performance. Nonetheless, research done empirically between the influence of religiosity, values, strategy and business performance are scanty. Most of the researches done on this avenue in Malaysia were done qualitatively. Therefore, it is the interest of this study to investigate any possible association between entrepreneurs’ religious orientation, entrepreneurial values, marketing and human resource strategy and business performance among Malay entrepreneurs in small and medium industries in Malaysia. This study used the partial least squares (PLS) statistical programme to examine entrepreneurs’ religious orientation (faith and liberalism) on Malay entrepreneurial values, marketing and human resource strategy and business performance. Statistical results confirm that religious faith and liberalism have a different impact on entrepreneurs’ values, strategy and business performance. This research presents a new avenue on the importance of inculcating good values in entrepreneurship guided by religious faith.
Recent Advances in the Treatment of Borderline Personality Disorder

Objective: To examine recent research on the treatment of borderline personality disorder (BPD). Method: A narrative review of all recent controlled trials of therapy for patients with BPD. Results: Various psychotherapeutic and psychopharmacological methods can be used to reduce impulsivity and dysphoric mood in this disorder. Conclusion: There is strong support for well-structured forms of psychotherapy, but evidence for pharmacotherapy in BPD is mixed. Treatment can usually be carried out in an outpatient setting.
The safety and efficacy of clozapine?

per 1000 non psychoticreadmissions7.222. 332.78 of collapsed data (abstracted from Table 3 of our paper, p 95), for all age groups by ethnic group. The 95% confidence intervals (Diem & Lentner, 1970) for each rate per year per 100 000 population for first admissions are: European 98.7 (84.3â€”112.6); Asian 87.4 (48.9â€”144.2); and Afro-Caribbean 42.7 (l8.4@84.l)*. For readmissions the 95% confi dence intervals are: European 180.5 (161.6â€”199.9); Asian 58.3 (28.0â€”l07.2)@; and Afro-Caribbean 69.5 (37.0â€”1l8.9)@. (5indicates that the 95% confidence intervals are non-overlapping.) Compared with Europeans, the rates of first admission for Afro-Caribbeans and readmission for Afro-Caribbeans and Asians are significantly reduced. Some caution must be exercised when inter preting these results because the number of subjects within each ethnic grouping was small and there were difficulties in estimating the various population denominators. Ifthesefindingsarenotduetomethodologicalerror then it suggests that, in comparison with Europeans, ethnic minorities are either less prone to minor psy chiatric morbidity or underuse or access psychiatric services differently (Brewin, 1980). We agree with Dr Ineichen that further research is necessary to estab lish the level of psychiatric morbidity among ethnic minorities and also that services may have to adapt to meet the needs of these different groups.
p21CDKN1A Does Not Interfere with Loading of PCNA at DNA Replication Sites, but Inhibits Subsequent Binding of DNA Polymerase D at the G1/S Phase Transition

The ability of the cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK) inhibitor p21CDKN1A to interact with PCNA recruited to DNA replication sites was investigated to elucidate the relevance of this interaction in cell cycle arrest. To this end, expression of p21 protein fused to green fluorescent protein (GFP) was induced in HeLa cells. G1 phase cell cycle arrest induced by p21GFP occurred also at the G1/S transition, as shown by cyclin A immunostaining of GFP-positive cells. Confocal microscopy analysis and co-immunoprecipitation studies showed that p21GFP co-localized and interacted with chromatin-bound PCNA and CDK2. GFP-p21 mutant forms unable to bind to PCNA (p21PCNA-) or CDK (p21CDK-) induced cell cycle arrest, although immunoprecipitation experiments showed these mutants to be unstable. Expression of HA-tagged p21wt or mutant proteins confirmed the ability of both mutants to arrest cell cycle. p21wtHA and p21CDK-HA, but not p21PCNA-, co-localized and co-immunoprecipitated with chromatin-bound PCNA. Association of p21 to chromatin-bound PCNA resulted in the loss of interaction with the p125 catalytic subunit of DNA polymerase d (pol d). These results suggest that in vivo p21 does not interfere with loading of PCNA at DNA replication sites, but prevents, or displaces subsequent binding of pol d to PCNA at the G1/S phase transition.
Classification with Strategic Data Sources

We consider a binary classification problem where the labels of training data are elicited from crowd workers who are strategic at exerting costly effort for coming up with a label or at reporting the resultant label. The goal of the learner is to learn an un-biased classifier that minimizes 0-1 loss. For a non-strategic setting, when the error rates of the two classes in the training data are known, Natarajan et al. [2013] have developed techniques to learn an un-biased classifier from the noisy training data. Moreover, they have shown that the smaller the error rates are, the better the performance of the classifier. When data sources are strategic, the error rates of the two classes are a result of their strategic behavior. We hence need to overcome several interwinding challenges: How to incentivize effort exertion so that workers produce labels with low errors? How to incentivize workers to truthfully report the labels that they have obtained? Even when workers follow a known strategy of effort exertion and label reporting, the error rates of the two classes are unknown to the learner. How to estimate the error rates so that the method of Natarajan et al. [2013] can be adapted to train an unbiased classifier? We solve this problem by proposing a peer-prediction-style mechanism, where a worker’s reported label of a data point is scored against the label given by a reference classifier that is constructed using techniques similar to those of Natarajan et al. [2013]. The mechanism has several desirable properties: (1) Every worker exerting effort and truthfully reporting is a Bayesian Nash equilibrium (BNE). (2) Colluding on reporting the same label disregard of their obtained labels is not an equilibrium strategy. (3) The obtained classifier’s 0-1 loss converges to the optimal unbiased one. (4) We do not need completely redundant assignment of tasks; we assign a relatively much smaller number of tasks to more than one worker in our mechanism, in contrast to reassigning all tasks for many peer-prediction mechanisms. (5) Our mechanism is also robust to permutation strategies. In addition to the above technical merits, we view our work as an initial move towards using machine learning techniques for designing peer prediction mechanisms.