Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The application of magnetic resonance imaging in preoperative evaluation of patients with endometrial carcinoma.

PURPOSE The aim of this paper was to assess the usefulness of the preoperative application of magnetic resonance (MRI) imaging in patients with confirmed endometrial carcinoma. METHODS This prospective study included 50 patients with endometrial cancer. MRI was used for preoperative disease staging and in planning the operative treatment. The parameters monitored by MRI were compared with the findings of curettage pathological examination. Estimated were the depth of myometrial invasion, the involvement of the cervix by the tumor, the presence of adnexal metastases and regional lymph nodes. Sensitivity, specificity, positive (PPV) and negative predictive value (NPV) of the MRI in relation to the aforementioned clinicopathological parameters were assessed. RESULTS The presence of myometrial invasion was estimated with 100% specificity, 86% sensitivity, 100% PPV and 40% NPV. The estimation of the depth of myometrial invasion (>or<50%) was defined with 89% sensitivity, 54% specificity, 83% PPV and 60% NPV. MRI provided valuable data about cervical invasion (100% PPV for the presence of cervical invasion and 55% PPV for the depth of cervical invasion), thereby helping to decide on the kind of surgical intervention, the choice of approach (open or laparoscopic surgery) and the choice of the surgeon. CONCLUSION MRI is useful and reliable in preoperative evaluation. The information obtained by MRI provides space and time for planning the treatment modality.
The York 113: osteological analysis of 10 mass graves from Fishergate, York

Abstract Routine developer-led excavation of land at the site of the Barbican Leisure Centre in York, UK resulted in the discovery of 10 post-medieval mass graves located in and around the foundations of a partially-ruined medieval church. These graves contained a total of 113 skeletons. The skeletal assemblage was notable for the absence of children and infants, comprising only adult and adolescent individuals, with significant male bias. Individuals were slightly shorter than average for the period. Rates of ante-mortem trauma were low, peri-mortem trauma and specific infectious disease were absent, and generally the assemblage exhibited higher than expected prevalence of pathological conditions that may be indicative of increased physical stress. The combined osteological and historical evidence suggests that these graves may represent Parliamentarian casualties of epidemic disease pertaining to the 1644 Siege of York.
Flow cytometry as a tool for the study of cell kinetics in epidermis

Flow cytometric measurements of the DNA content were performed on a large number of skin biopsies by an automated technique. Expressed as a percentage of all viable cells in the epidermis, the figures for cells in S‐phase averaged 1.8% and for G2M 0.9%. No significant differences due to sex were found. Concomitantly with age the ratio S/G2M (representing the duration of S to the duration of G2M) increased. Also seasonal effects were clear, showing higher values for S and G2M in June compared to November and December. Lastly we found small differences dependent on body‐site, the ratio S/G2M being greater in legs than in arms. The present status is discussed together with future lines of development.
The Role of Networks and Networking in Bringing Software Methods to Practice

The complex and problematic relationship between software development methods and practices is well documented. Methods are difficult to adopt, there are several barriers towards successfully bringing methods to practice, and practices are by the end of the day quite different from method prescriptions. Methods are, however, continually developed and organizations spend considerable resources trying to improve practices through adoption of new methods. We know relatively little about the long-term dynamics involved in such adoption efforts. This research reports from a three-year effort within an IT department of a large multinational company in which a new method was first adopted, then used to support projects organization wide, and subsequently extended based on emerging practices. The study applies two complementary knowledge management perspectives, those of networks and networking, to interpret the experiences from the case. The study reveals how method perceptions and approaches shift radically through different stages of bringing software development methods to practice.
Factors influencing patient choice of dialysis versus conservative care to treat end-stage kidney disease

Background: For every patient with chronic kidney disease who undergoes renal-replacement therapy, there is one patient who undergoes conservative management of their disease. We aimed to determine the most important characteristics of dialysis and the trade-offs patients were willing to make in choosing dialysis instead of conservative care. Methods: We conducted a discrete choice experiment involving adults with stage 3–5 chronic kidney disease from eight renal clinics in Australia. We assessed the influence of treatment characteristics (life expectancy, number of visits to the hospital per week, ability to travel, time spent undergoing dialysis [i.e., time spent attached to a dialysis machine per treatment, measured in hours], time of day at which treatment occurred, availability of subsidized transport and flexibility of the treatment schedule) on patients’ preferences for dialysis versus conservative care. Results: Of 151 patients invited to participate, 105 completed our survey. Patients were more likely to choose dialysis than conservative care if dialysis involved an increased average life expectancy (odds ratio [OR] 1.84, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.57–2.15), if they were able to dialyse during the day or evening rather than during the day only (OR 8.95, 95% CI 4.46–17.97), and if subsidized transport was available (OR 1.55, 95% CI 1.24–1.95). Patients were less likely to choose dialysis over conservative care if an increase in the number of visits to hospital was required (OR 0.70, 95% CI 0.56–0.88) and if there were more restrictions on their ability to travel (OR = 0.47, 95%CI 0.36–0.61). Patients were willing to forgo 7 months of life expectancy to reduce the number of required visits to hospital and 15 months of life expectancy to increase their ability to travel. Interpretation: Patients approaching end-stage kidney disease are willing to trade considerable life expectancy to reduce the burden and restrictions imposed by dialysis.
Exposing memory mapped I/O using NFS

The design and implementation of some persistent object stores rely on the availability of memory mapped files. A significant difficulty faced by this approach is that the programmer has very little control over when I/O occurs. In this paper, a mechanism for exposing the I/O activity of a memory mapped file is presented. This involves implementing a special purpose NFS server that provides a shadow paged file which can be memory mapped by a persistent object store. Some initial performance figures are presented to indicate the relative performance of this approach compared to more traditional approaches.
Low-Profile Slot Transmitarray Antenna

A novel ultrathin slot-based transmitarray antenna is presented. The related unit cell consists of two thin dielectric layers placed on top of each other, with annular ring slots placed on the outer layers and a PBG element placed on the common interface. The combination of the two annular ring slots and the PBG element acts as a bandpass filter for the transmitted wave. The design of the elements can be carried out through a simple circuit-based analysis approach. The proposed two-layer structure, the unit cell, has a thickness of 0. 033λo and provides the required 360° of phase shift. Furthermore, over the bandwidth, the unit cell can have up to 7° of phase error for incident angles of up to 50°. The unit cell and the full transmitarray prototype are fabricated, and the results were compared with simulation and discussed. The full transmitarray has -1 dB gain bandwidth of 5.7% and efficiency of 38% at the center frequency. The structure is simulated via HFSS and CST software package.
Transformations of Efficient Market Hypothesis under the Influence of Behavioral Finance

The paper provides a theoretical study on efficient market hypothesis (EMH) changes under the influence of behavioral finance. Authors of the paper briefly provide the basic assumptions of efficient markets theory and remind how the top of its dominance was reached in the 1970s. At the same time the goal of the paper is to develop the unbiased and complex overview of the today’s market efficiency and show its transformations under the impact of market participants’ irrationality. In the paper authors introduce the interaction between market efficiency, market arbitrage, irrationality of market participants and highlight the importance to revise the reliability of efficient market theory assumptions in order to achieve high performance of investment portfolios. Through the behavioral finance point of view authors not only aggregate the critics EMH faces during the recent years, but also evaluate today’s opportunities for arbitrage and provide arbitrage critics. According to documented by experimental economists departures from market efficiency and taking into consideration their nature, i.e. investors’ irrationality as a result of influence of a set of specific behavioral (both cognitive and emotional) biases, an alternative to EMH approach called “The Adaptive Markets Hypothesis” espoused by Andrew Lo in 2004 is introduced. The supporters of the EMH have responded to these challenges by arguing that, while behavioral biases and corresponding inefficiencies do exist from time to time, there is a limit to their prevalence and impact because of opposing forces dedicated to exploiting such opportunities. Finally, basic financial market anomalies are presented in the paper as an example of market inefficiency. On the one hand, their persistence in the face of public scrutiny seems to be a clear violation of the EMH. On the other - most of these anomalies can be exploited by relatively simple trading strategies, and, while the resulting profits may not be riskless, they seem usually profitable relative to their risks. Summing up of the investigation presented in the paper, authors conclude that many classical EMH supporters set the cases theoretically without empirical or real measurement analysis. Therefore the discussion on EMH is still on-going, but real market analysis should be done instead of evolving EMH theoretical evaluation models, which remain theoretical and do not always work properly in the conditions of real financial market. DOI: 10.5901/mjss.2014. v5n13p327
Split Models for Predicting Multivehicle Crashes during High-Speed and Low-Speed Operating Conditions on Freeways

The future of traffic management and highway safety lies in proactive traffic management systems. Crash prediction models that use real-time traffic flow variables measured through a series of loop detectors are the most important component of such systems. A previous crash prediction model was developed with the matched case–control logistic regression technique. Although the model achieved reasonable classification accuracy, it remained open to improvement because of the limited study area, sample size, and transferability issues. Therefore, the previous work had been extended. Multivehicle freeway crashes under high- and low-speed traffic conditions were found to differ in severity and in their mechanism. The distribution of 5-min average speeds obtained immediately before the crash from the loop detector station closest to the crash shows two approximate mound-shaped distributions. This distribution is used as the basis to separate the models for crashes occurring under the two speed conditions. The results show that, as expected, variables that entered in the final models (for crashes under high and low speeds) were not the same. However, they were found to be consistent with the probable mechanisms of crashes under the respective speed conditions. A possible implementation of the separate models with the use of the odds ratios and with the balancing of the threshold between achieving high classification of crash potential and the false alarm situation is presented.
Linear accelerator radiosurgery for vestibular schwannomas.

OBJECT Radiosurgery has become a popular treatment for small vestibular schwannomas (VSs). The aim of this study was to review an extensive, single-institution experience with linear accelerator (LINAC) radiosurgery for VSs. METHODS Between July 1988 and August 2005, 390 patients with VSs were treated with LINAC-based radiosurgery at the authors' institution. Patient and treatment variables were prospectively maintained in a computer database. Outcomes were tracked through periodic clinical examinations and annual scanning studies. Multivariate and actuarial statistics were used to analyze rates of local tumor control and complications, including facial and trigeminal neuropathies, after treatment. One- and 2-year actuarial control rates were both 98%, and the 5-year actuarial control rate was 90%. Only four patients (1%) required surgery for tumor growth. Seventeen patients (4.4%) reported facial weakness and 14 patients (3.6%) reported facial numbness after radiosurgery. The risk of these complications rose with increasing tumor volume or increasing radiosurgical dose to the tumor periphery. Since 1994, when doses were deliberately lowered to 1250 cGy, only two patients (0.7%) have experienced facial weakness and two (0.7%) have experienced facial numbness. CONCLUSIONS Radiosurgery provides a safe and effective therapeutic alternative to surgery for small VSs.
Biologically Active Terpenoids from Mushroom origin: A Review

Mushrooms are very important sources of drugs for modern medicine. Phyotherapeutic efficiency of terpenes from mushrooms has been proved. Lanostane type triterpenoids having potentials for cancer disease treatments are rich source of mushrooms. Therefore, the demand of isolation of bioactive compounds from the mushroom species has been increasing due to their medicinal importance. The paper reviewed isolation and biological activities such as antibacterial, anticancer, anticandidal, anticholinesterase, anti-compliment, antileishmanial, anti-inflammatory, anti-invasive, antimalarial, antioxidant, antitubercular, antitumor, antiviral, and cytotoxic activities of terpenoids from mushroom origin in the last two decades.
MITOCHONDRIAL PARTICLES SEEN IN SECTIONS

Small particles, a t tached to internal mitochondrial membranes and believed to be concerned with the electron t ranspor t system, have been demonst ra ted in the mi tochondr ia of various vertebra te cells and in insect sarcosomes (4, 5, 9, 12-14). In each instance the mi tochondr ia have been isolated from the cells; while in most studies the mi tochondr ia have been disrupted and negatively stained, in some they have been fixed in osmium tetroxide, formaldehyde, or glutaraldehyde and embedded in Araldite or methacryla te (4, 5). Sj6strand et al. (11), however, consider tha t the particles are artifacts produced by the act ion of the solutions used in the prepara t ion of the mi tochondr ia for negative staining. Andr~ (1) describes granules along the cristae of mi tochondr ia of the spermatocytes of the pulmona te mollusc, Testacella, which he interprets as transverse sections of the filaments seen in the mi tochondr ia l matr ix; these mi tochondr ia had been th rough normal fixation and embedding procedures. In an investigation of developing connective tissue a round the central nervous system of the pupae and adults of the wax moth, Galleria mellonella, I noticed tha t particles were clearly visible on the cristae of the mi tochondr ia of the neurons. T h e mi tochondr ia had been subjected to the rout ine procedures of fixation, embedding, and sectioning.
Application of Box–Behnken design to prepare gentamicin-loaded calcium carbonate nanoparticles

The aim of this research was to prepare and optimize calcium carbonate (CaCO3) nanoparticles as carriers for gentamicin sulfate. A chemical precipitation method was used to prepare the gentamicin sulfate-loaded CaCO3 nanoparticles. A 3-factor, 3-level Box–Behnken design was used for the optimization procedure, with the molar ratio of CaCl2: Na2CO3 (X1), the concentration of drug (X2), and the speed of homogenization (X3) as the independent variables. The particle size and entrapment efficiency were considered as response variables. Mathematical equations and response surface plots were used, along with the counter plots, to relate the dependent and independent variables. The results indicated that the speed of homogenization was the main variable contributing to particle size and entrapment efficiency. The combined effect of all three independent variables was also evaluated. Using the response optimization design, the optimized Xl–X3 levels were predicted. An optimized formulation was then prepared according to these levels, resulting in a particle size of 80.23 nm and an entrapment efficiency of 30.80%. It was concluded that the chemical precipitation technique, together with the Box–Behnken experimental design methodology, could be successfully used to optimize the formulation of drug-incorporated calcium carbonate nanoparticles.
Kernberg and Kohut: A Test of Competing Psychoanalytic Models of Narcissism

Over the past ten years the problem of validating psychoanalytic theory has received increasing attention from psychoanalysts and nonpsychoanalysis alike. Yet, very little research responsive to this question of validation has been produced. During this same period one of the most fertile controversies in contemporary psychoanalysis reached its peak–the Kemberg-Kohul debate concerning the nature of narcissism. However, for the lack of a validation strategy, this debate has become increasingly sterile, degenerating to a theoretical stalemate at this point. This paper addresses the problem of validation by using causal modeling as a mechanism for empirically testing many of the claims of these competing models of narcissism. Although the data provide empirical support for both theories, strategic comparisons tentatively suggest that Kohut's self psychology is more parsimoniously explained as a special case of Kernberg's ego psychology-object relations theory.
Diet and colorectal cancer: Review of the evidence.

OBJECTIVE To investigate whether diet has a role in the development and progression of colorectal cancer (CRC). QUALITY OF EVIDENCE MEDLINE was searched from January 1966 to December 2006 for articles on the relationship between diet and CRC using the key words colorectal cancer and folic acid, calcium, vitamin D, red meat, or fibre. Evidence that these factors are associated with CRC came from case-control and prospective cohort studies and some clinical trials. MAIN MESSAGE Whether red meat is a culprit in causing CRC remains unanswered, although any effect it might have is likely moderate and related to processing or cooking. The effect of dietary fibre on risk of CRC has also been difficult to determine because fibre intake is generally low. Evidence that folic acid, calcium, and vitamin D reduce risk of CRC is stronger. In particular, recent research indicates that calcium and vitamin D might act together, rather than separately, to reduce the risk of colorectal adenomas. There might also be an interaction between low folate levels and high alcohol consumption and CRC. CONCLUSION Before dispensing dietary advice, physicians should understand the potential benefits and harm of specific components of various foods. People might be able to reduce their risk of CRC by increasing their vitamin and mineral levels through eating more vegetables and fruit. Multivitamin and mineral supplements can complement a healthy diet.
A Branch-Bound Algorithm for Plant Location

This paper discusses an integer-programming method for solving a special class of discrete programming problems called plant location. The basic contribution is that the problem is formulated as an integer program in such a way that the associated continuous problem can be efficiently optimized. A branch-bound algorithm is then used to solve the problem. The method discussed in the article has been successfully used to solve "practical" location problems with upwards of fifty plants.
New device for percutaneous closure of aortopulmonary collaterals

A 4.5‐month‐old infant with tetralogy of Fallot, pulmonary atresia, and multiple aortopulmonary collaterals underwent successful occlusion of the collaterals using a new device. This new plug (Amplatzer vascular plug) is a self‐expandable cylindrical device made of nitinol wire mesh. The device is available in sizes from 4 to 16 mm in 2 mm increment. The device can be used in patients with aortopulmonary collaterals, pulmonary arteriovenous malformations, venovenous collaterals, shunts, coronary fistulas, and certain type of patent ductus arteriosus. Catheter Cardiovasc Interv 2004;63:482–485. © 2004 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Phosphate is required for inhibition by glucose of development of hamster 8-cell embryos in vitro.

The influence of sodium dihydrogen phosphate (Pi) and glucose on the development of hamster 8-cell embryos mediated by pyruvate (P) or amino acids (A) or lactate (L) was investigated using modified Tyrode's medium, TLP-PVA. When pyruvate was tested as the only energy substrate in medium TP-PVA for embryo development, blastocyst formation ranged from 81.3 to 90.9% whether or not the medium contained 0.35 mM Pi or 5 mM glucose; but, when these two compounds were present together, blastocyst formation fell to 51.8%. Similarly, in TA-PVA medium containing four amino acids: Phe, Ile, Met, and Gln), embryo development to blastocyst ranged from 74.1% to 90.4% whether or not the medium contained 0.35 mM Pi or 5 mM glucose; but, when these compounds were present together, blastocyst formation fell to 16.0%. In TL-PVA medium, 10 mM sodium lactate supported embryo development (84.4% blastocysts); the addition of 0.35 mM Pi decreased blastocyst development to 65.6%. However, addition of glucose to Pi-free TL-PVA medium did not decrease blastocyst formation (81.3%); when the medium contained 0.35 mM Pi, glucose curtailed blastocyst development to 7.5%. When glucose and Pi interactions were studied at different concentrations, glucose up to 1 mM was not inhibitory in Pi-free TL-PVA medium (74.3% blastocysts), but 0.25 mM glucose in the presence of 0.35 mM Pi markedly inhibited embryo development (7.7% blastocysts). Phosphate at a relatively high concentration (1 mM) was inhibitory (37.9% blastocysts), even in the absence of glucose. (ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)