Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Thermoacoustic stabilization of a longitudinal combustor using adjoint methods

© 2020 American Physical Society. We construct a low-order thermoacoustic network model that contains the most influential physical mechanisms of a thermoacoustic system. We apply it to a laboratory-scale longitudinal combustor that has been found to be thermoacoustically unstable in experiments. We model the flame, which is behind a bluff body, by a geometric level-set method. We obtain the thermoacoustic eigenvalues of this configuration and examine a configuration in which six eigenmodes are unstable. We then derive the adjoint equations of this model and use the corresponding adjoint eigenmodes to obtain the sensitivities of the unstable eigenvalues to modifications of the model geometry. These sensitivities contain contributions from changes to the steady base flow and changes to the fluctuating flow. We find that these two contributions have similar magnitudes, showing that both contributions need to be considered. We then wrap these sensitivities within a gradient-based optimization algorithm and stabilize all six eigenvalues by changing the geometry. The required geometry changes are well approximated by the first step in the optimization process, showing that this sensitivity information is useful even before it is embedded within an optimization algorithm. We examine the acoustic energy balance during the optimization process and identify the physical mechanisms through which the algorithm is stabilizing the combustor. The algorithm works by, for each mode, reducing the work done by the flame while simultaneously increasing the work done by the system on the outlet boundary. We find that only small geometry changes are required in order to stabilize every mode. The network model used in this study deliberately has the same structure as one used in the gas turbine industry in order to ease its implementation in practice.
Concentração de nutrientes em tomate cereja sob manejos de aplicação da solução nutritiva com água salobra

Objetivou-se com este trabalho avaliar a concentracao dos nutrientes no tecido foliar das plantas de tomate cereja cv. “Rita”, cultivadas em sistema hidroponico utilizando agua com crescentes niveis de salinidade no preparo da solucao nutritiva, submetendo as plantas a diferentes tempos de exposicao a salinidade e turnos de rega. O experimento foi conduzido em casa de vegetacao em sistema hidroponico em vasos com substrato. O delineamento experimental foi em blocos inteiramente casualizados em esquema fatorial 6 x 2 x 2, sendo seis niveis de salinidade da solucao nutritiva (3,01; 4,51; 5,94; 7,34; 8,71 e 10,40 dS m-1), dois tempos de exposicao das plantas a salinidade (51 e 6 dias) e dois turnos de rega (uma irrigacao por dia e uma irrigacao a cada dois dias). Foram avaliadas as concentracoes de nitrogenio, fosforo, potassio, calcio, magnesio, enxofre, sodio e cloro no tecido foliar das plantas. O uso de agua salobra no preparo da solucao nutritiva promoveu efeitos de interacoes antagonicas entre os nutrientes, afetando as concentracoes dos mesmos. O aumento da salinidade provocou aumentos nas concentracoes de sodio e cloro e reducao nas concentracoes de potassio e nitrogenio no tecido foliar. O menor tempo de exposicao das plantas a salinidade proporcionou reducoes de menores magnitudes nas concentracoes de potassio e nitrogenio e diminui as concentracoes de sodio e cloro. O turno de rega com uma irrigacao a cada dois dias afetou as concentracoes foliares de nitrogenio, calcio e magnesio.
Jackknife empirical likelihood: small bandwidth, sparse network and high-dimensional asymptotics

This paper sheds light on inference problems for statistical models under alternative or nonstandard asymptotic frameworks from the perspective of jackknife empirical likelihood. Examples include small bandwidth asymptotics for semiparametric inference and goodness-offit testing, sparse network asymptotics, many covariates asymptotics for regression models, and many-weak instruments asymptotics for instrumental variable regression. We first establish Wilks’ theorem for the jackknife empirical likelihood statistic on a general semiparametric inference problem under the conventional asymptotics. We then show that the jackknife empirical likelihood statistic may lose asymptotic pivotalness under the above nonstandard asymptotic frameworks, and argue that these phenomena are understood as emergence of Efron and Stein’s (1981) bias of the jackknife variance estimator in the first order. Finally we propose a modification of the jackknife empirical likelihood to recover asymptotic pivotalness under both the conventional and nonstandard asymptotics. Our modification works for all above examples and provides a unified framework to investigate nonstandard asymptotic problems.
Effects of Short-term Climate Variation on a Long-lived Frog

We assessed the effects of short-term, naturally oscillating, climate variation on Crawfish Frogs (Lithobates areolatus), a long-lived member of the family Ranidae. Our data demonstrate 1) no relationship between drought conditions (high temperatures, low precipitation) and either breeding onset (phenological shifts) or breeding peaks; 2) no relationship between drought and adult survivorship (although there were trends; both females and males experienced their lowest survivorship estimates during the wettest years, a contrary finding related to crayfish burrow occupancy); 3) a strong relationship between drought and breeding duration; 4) a strong, inverse correlation between drought and body condition in both females and males; and as a result, 5) a relationship between drought and fecundity with potentially serious demographic consequences. If we assume that the mass of an individual egg remains constant under various climate conditions—i.e., that a reduction in egg mass equals a reduction in egg number not egg size—the effects of drought may be severe. Our estimated average difference of 2,647 eggs produced by individual females between wet and dry years translates into an estimated loss of 137 breeding adults recruited into this population following droughts, compared with wet year recruitment.
The prevalence of obesity and the awareness of its complications among adolescent in Hail city Saudi Arabia

Background: Obesity is the accumulation of excess fat in the body and represents a public health problem globally, including Saudi Arabia. Therefore, this study aimed to estimate the prevalence of obesity among adolescents at intermediate and secondary schools in Hail city and to determine the level of awareness about its complications. Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study has been ANALYSIS 24(104), July August, 2020 Medical Science ISSN 2321–7359 EISSN 2321–7367
A Review of Image Compressed Sensing in Deep Learning

In recent years, deep learning has developed rapidly in the field of image recognition, which provides a new idea for the reconstruction of compressed sensing. The new method based on deep learning can measures the correlation between the measurement signal and the original signal through network , which not only has high reconstruction accuracy, but also significantly reduces the time consuming, showing the great potential of deep learning in the field of compressed sensing reconstruction. This paper sorts out the current image compressed sensing reconstruction methods based on deep learning, analyzes the characteristics and key steps of the algorithm according to three different deep network structures, and finally looks forward to the development direction of compressed sensing reconstruction based on deep learning
Laminar and turbulent flows over hydrophobic surfaces

2016 Khosh, S.K. Ricco, P. Laminar and turbulent flows over hydrophobic surfaces with shear-dependent slip length, Phys. Fluids, 28, 035109. Motivated by extensive discussion in the literature, by experimental evidence and by recent direct numerical simulations, we study flows over hydrophobic surfaces with shear-dependent slip lengths and we report their drag-reduction properties. The laminar channel-flow and pipe-flow solutions are derived and the effects of hydrophobicity are quantified by the decrease of the streamwise pressure gradient for constant mass flow rate and by the increase of the mass flow rate for constant streamwise pressure gradient. The nonlinear Lyapunov stability analysis, first applied to a two-dimensional channel flow by A. Balogh, W. Liu, and M. Krstic [“Stability enhancement by boundary control in 2-D channel flow” IEEE Trans. Autom. Control, 2001, vol. 46, pp. 1696-1711], is employed on the three-dimensional channel flow with walls featuring shear-dependent slip lengths. The feedback law extracted through the stability analysis is recognized for the first time to coincide with the slip-length model used to represent the hydrophobic surfaces, thereby providing a precise physical interpretation for the feedback law advanced by Balogh et al. (2001). The theoretical framework by K. Fukagata, N. Kasagi, and P. Koumoutsakos [“A theoretical prediction of friction drag reduction in turbulent flow by superhydrophobic surfaces” Phys. Fluids, 2006, vol. 18, 051703] is employed to model the drag-reduction effect engendered by the shear-dependent slip-length surfaces and the theoretical drag-reduction values are in very good agreement with our direct numerical simulation data. The turbulent drag reduction is measured as a function of the hydrophobic-surface parameters and is found to be a function of the timeand space-averaged slip length, irrespectively of the local and instantaneous slip behaviour at the wall. For slip parameters and flow conditions that could be realized in the laboratory, the maximum computed turbulent drag reduction is 50% and the drag reduction effect degrades when slip along the spanwise direction is considered. The power spent by the turbulent flow on the hydrophobic walls is computed for the first time and is found to be a non-negligible portion of the power saved through drag reduction, thereby recognizing the hydrophobic surfaces as a passive-absorbing drag-reduction method. The turbulent flow is further investigated through flow visualizations and statistics of the relevant quantities, such as vorticity and strain rates. When rescaled in drag-reduction viscous units, the streamwise vortices over the hydrophobic surface are strongly altered, while the low-speed streaks maintain their characteristic spanwise spacing. We finally show that the reduction of vortex stretching and enstrophy production is primarily caused by the eigenvectors of the strain rate tensor orienting perpendicularly to the vorticity vector.
On How Networks Stabilize User Interest Based Methods and Vice Versa

—This paper presents the evaluation of two graph-based recommendation methods compared to collaborative ﬁltering as the baseline. The evaluation is primarily based on the investigation of the Average Receiver operating Characteristic curve on the MovieLens dataset. The presented methods operate on the knowledge graph, which information representation technique is also discussed in this paper. The evaluation results show that combining a network based and a user interest based method leads to a more stable performance and an increase in the recommendation quality.
Extension of the LS-STAG cut-cell immersed boundary method for RANS-based turbulence models

The general approach to the application of the LS-STAG method for the numerical solution of RANS equations is suggested by constructing the LS-STAG method extension with the Spalart — Allmaras turbulent model. According to the concept of the LS-STAG method normal Reynolds stress components are sampled on the base mesh (similar to pressure discretization) and shear ones are sampled in the upper right corners of the base mesh cells. Thus, for the shear Reynolds stresses an additional mesh (xy-mesh) is introduced. In case of Reynolds Stress (RSM) RANS models, these meshes are used for transport equation solving for Reynolds stresses. The result then is taken into account in the Helmholtz equation for the velocity. In case of Eddy Viscosity (EVM) RANS models eddy viscosity is sampled on the xy-mesh. In this research the LS-STAG-discretization for convective and diffusive fluxes on the additional xy-mesh is developed. To validate this approach the flow past circular airfoil at the Reynolds numbers Re = 1000 and Re = 3900 was simulated.
Hematocytological Evaluation of Hydroxyurea-Induced Toxicity in Male Rats

The toxicity of hydroxyurea (HU), a treatment for specific neoplasms, sickle-cell disease, polycythemia vera and thrombocytosis was assessed in rats. Forty rats were divided equally into four groups. The first group was kept as control and received only purified water, the second group (HU250) orally administered hydroxyurea 250 mg/kg b.wt/day, the third group (HU500) administered hydroxyurea 500 mg/kg b.wt/day and the fourth group (HU750) administered hydroxyurea 750 mg/kg b.wt/day. The treatment was continued for 20 days. The evaluated parameters were assessed after 10 and 20 days of the experiment. Results revealed decrease in body weight in all treated groups. In addition, decreased circulating leukocytes, erythrocytes and platelets with decreased bone marrow cellularity were evident in all treated groups with different degree of severity. Moreover, aplastic anemia associated with marked severe hypocellularity of bone marrow was detected in HU500 and HU750 groups on the second period of the experiment. It could be concluded that hydroxyurea administration induced hematopoietic and bone marrow toxicity in rats.
THE ROLE OF GRAPHENE OXIDE ON THE HYDRATION PROCESS AND CHEMICAL SHRINKAGE OF CEMENT COMPOSITES

hydration of and of This paper investigated the role of GO on the hydration process and chemical shrinkage of a cement paste through an experimental study and molecular dynamics simulation. The hydration heat flow of a cement composite with GO (CCG) was characterised by using an isothermal The chemical of the CCG also measured by a based The test results have shown that incorporating GO can mainly accelerate the hydration rate of cement composites at the early stage, but would not change the four-stage process of the cement hydration. The of GO by 0.3 wt% of cement is able to reduce the chemical shrinkage of the cement composites. This regulation effect is to the hydrogen bonding,
IMPACT OF ALGINATE ON THE BIOCOMPATIBILITY OF MAGNETITE NANOPARTICLES UTILIZED FOR DRUG DELIVERY

The aim of this paper was to obtain, characterize and investigate the in vitro biocompatibility of newly engineered magnetite nanoparticles coated with antimicrobial drugs and alginate. Our growth, morphology and physiological assessments strongly suggest that the obtained nanosystems present improved biocompatibility, mainly due to the use of the alginate coating. Because of these characteristics and drug delivery versatility, alginate coated nanoparticles could be efficiently utilized as improved antimicrobial agents and may reduce the cytotoxicity related with the use of high amounts of antibiotics.
Physical vulnerability to flood inundation: As the mitigation strategies design

Flood with intense rainfall and inadequate drainage system leads to flood inundation in residential areas, which in turn damages the housing components and causes a loss. The different level of flood inundation at various affected locations caused varying degrees of losses. This study aimed to identify the damage conditions and analysed the physical loss of the residential building components. The physical vulnerability level is influenced by two damage qualification: the structural and architectural damages. The third-order polynomial function approach produces the best model for both qualifications, yielding the smallest average of errors (RMSE) of 0.0187 for the structural quality and 0.0672 for the architectural quality. The amount of losses related to the architectural elements of the house is smaller compared to the structural one as it is not its main component. This approach is useful as a guide in determining the post-flood handling rehabilitation cost of both structural and architectural elements that will be more appropriate for future conditions. This information is essential as effective management to design flood disaster mitigation strategies and may serve as a basis for flood risk management.
Electrochemically active Ir NPs on graphene for OER in acidic aqueous electrolyte investigated by in situ and ex situ spectroscopies

An electrode for the oxygen evolution reaction based on a conductive bi-layered free standing graphene support functionalized with iridium nanoparticles was fabricated and characterized by means of potentiometric and advanced X-ray spectroscopic techniques. It was found that the electrocatalytic activity of iridium nanoparticles is associated to the formation of Ir 5d electron holes. Strong Ir 5d and O 2p hybridization, however, leads to a concomitant increase O 2p hole character, making oxygen electron deficient and susceptible to nucleophilic attack by water. Consequently, more efficient electrocatalysts can be synthesized by increasing the number of electron-holes shared between the metal d and oxygen 2p.
Analysis of Competitiveness of High-Tech Industry in Nanjing Based on Porter Diamond Model

Nanjing still faces many problems and challenges in terms of improving scientific and technological innovation capabilities and the development of high-tech industries. In this paper, the competitiveness of Nanjing's high-tech industry is measured by selecting competitiveness indicators to determine the strength of its competitiveness. Porter's six-element diamond model is used to analyze the existing problems in Nanjing's high-tech industry and find effective ways to improve its Competitiveness makes Nanjing's high-tech industry move towards sustainable development.
Tumor microenvironments of NSCLC are more heterogeneous than you would think—supported by image analysis-based assessment of PD-L1 and tumor-associated immune cell densities

In the recent years, blockade of immune checkpoints to reinstitute host antitumor immunity has been extensively investigated in a variety of tumors (1). In the field of lung cancer, monoclonal antibodies targeting the programmed death 1 (PD-1) (also known as CD279) receptor and its ligand, programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) (also known as B7-H1) have been most studied. High profile clinical trials have shown impressive anti-tumor activity of PD-1/PD-L1 blockade and significant improvements in overall survival (OS) of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients in the first-line and/or second or more line settings (2-6), leading to approval of nivolumab, pembrolizumab and/or atezolizumab for treatment of NSCLC in the US, Europe and some other countries (7). Clinical trials with two other agents, durvalumab and avelumab, have also shown promising results (7).
Role of Trichoderma and Sinorhizobium Strains for Improving Growth and Nutritional Status of Alfalfa under Cd Stress

The plant rhizosphere is a major soil ecological environment for plant- microbe interactions involving colonization of different microorganisms in and around the roots of the growing plant. Plants can be used in the remediation of soils contaminated with heavy metals. The objective of this study was determine the relationship between the effect of Cd on the symbiotic model of Sinorhizobium meliloti – Medicago sativa and the application of Trichoderma sp. on the nutritional status as well as biochemical characterization of the sandy brown forest soil. The effects of biofertilizer Sinorhizobium and coinoculants Trichoderma strains on growth, chlorophyll and N, P and K content of alfalfa growing in soil polluted by cadmium were investigated. The results indicate that the presence of the saprobe fungi Trichoderma harzianum further enhanced shoot dry weight, N, P and K content of Sinorhizobium meliloti-alfalfa symbiotic model. The co-inoculation of alfalfa with T. harzianum was more effective for Cd uptake. The effects of the bio-multiple inoculants on the growth of alfalfa were stimulated the colonization of Sinorhizobium strains in the rhizosphere, promoted the nodulation potential and increased the dry organic matter. Sinorhizobium meliloti interacts with alfalfa as a model for rhizobioremediation and Trichoderma strains interact with this model as nodule promotors as well as a partner in the process of cleaning the plant rhizosphere from cadmium metal.
IMPROVING THE MECHANICAL, THERMO-MECHANICAL PROPERTIES AND THERMAL CONDUCTIVITY OF CARBON FIBER/EPOXY BY INCORPORATING HALLOYSITE/CARBON NANOCOMPOSITES

Halloysite were combined with amorphous carbon via a hydrothermal route for halloysite/carbon (HNT/CS) nanocomposite synthesis in which the halloysite (HNT) was used as the template and chitosan (CS) as the carbon precursor at 180 o C for 24h [1]. carbon fiber/Epoxy-halloysite/carbon (CF/EP-HNT/CS) composites were fabricated via compression molding process. Results showed that there is a better synergistic effect between the HNT template and the coated carbon layer, which results in better dispersion and higher mechanical strength than each other. Moreover, the amino groups (-NH) in the carbon layer (hydrothermal carbonization of chitosan) on the HNT surface can improve the dispersion of HNT/CS in the epoxy resin, and provide a strong interactions with the epoxy resin system through a chemical bonding [2], the schematic illustration of chemical bonding between HNT/CS and epoxy resin is shown in Fig. 1. In addition, the better dispersion can enhance interface bonding and form a network structure [3]. Therefore, there are more effective load transfer and thermal transmission between epoxy matrix and reinforcements. The incorporation of HNT/CS-0.5 (in which the mass ratio of chitosan to halloysite was 0.5) resulted in 19.2% and 31.6% increases in the flexural strength and flexural modulus of the multiscale CF/EP laminates, respectively, with respect to the flexural strength and modulus of neat BF/EP laminates. A 20.4% increase was also recorded for the storage modulus of the multiscale CF/EP laminates relative to the neat CF/EP composites when introduced HNT/CS-0.5 in epoxy resin. Moreover, with the addition of HNT/CS-0.5, the thermal conductivity of the multiscale CF/EP laminates improved by 113% relative to the thermal conductivity of the neat CF/EP composites.
A NEW TOPOLOGICAL MEASURE FOR THE COMMUNITIES OF STOCK MARKET NETWORKS

Gida aglari, bilimsel alintilar, sosyal aglar, haberlesme aglari, Internet ve borsa aglari gibi interaktif aktorleri iceren sistemler, karmasik sistemlerin icerigi kapsami altinda pek cok arastirmaci tarafindan incelenmistir. Bu tur sistemler agirlikli aglar tarafindan temsil edilir. Aktorler arasindaki yogun baglantilar ve iliskiler, tahmin veya risk analizinde onemli bir rol oynamaktadir. Bu calismada, aktif kuresel borsa aginin hiyerarsik yapisini olcmek icin yeni bir yaklasim onerilmistir. Onerdigimiz bu yaklasimda, 21 farkli dunya borsa piyasalarinin birbirleriyle iliskisi Pearson iliskileri tarafindan belirlenmektedir. Ilgili hisse senedi agi belli bir esik degerine dayanmaktadir. Ayni zamanda, borsa graf topluluklarinin tepelerinin etkilesimini karakterize etmek icin yeni bir topolojik olcum kullanilmaktadir ve bu olcu 2008 yili kuresel ekonomik krizin zaman dilimleri icin incelenmektedir.