Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Stress-Strain analysis in TiN nanocoating deposited on polymer with respect to Au nanointerlayer

The multiscale analysis in the authors' finite element code confirmed possibility of fracture, because of not sufficiently high level of compressive residual stress in the TiN deposited by physical deposition method and varied mechanical properties of the thin film and substrate. The residual stress cannot be identified by X-ray technique for amorphous polymer and layer with domains of crystalline TiN. It is assumed that the buffer biocompatible thin film of Au in the TiN/Bionate II material system will alter the evolution of residual stress and, therefore, will allow to determine the residual stress in profilometry studies, and helps to improve toughness of the connection between TiN and Bionate II. The introduction of Au nanocoating in the material system results in bending of the sample and a compressive residual stress in the TiN coating. Results of finite element simulation show improvement of connection between the polymer and TiN, and an increase of compressive residual stress in the coating by introduction of Au nanointerlayer results in reduction of stress and strain in the substrate (close to the boundary between substrate and coating).
A Two-Bit Reflectarray Element Using Cut-Ring Patch Coupled to Delay Lines

In this paper, a two-bit element for reflectarray applications is presented. The proposed element is based on the cut-ring patch coupled to delay lines through an annular slot. The four states of the reflection phase with a step of 90◦ are achieved with two switches. This reported work is the first step towards the 2-bit active reflectarray element. Prototypes of the element have been fabricated and characterized in X-band using waveguide simulator. Measured results show good characteristics with low magnitude losses and the bandwidth of 1.7-bit resolution is over 5%.
Manufacturing Wheat Straw Pellet with Wood Waste and Binders

Can biomass fuel pellets be manufactured from agricultural straw? Studies however point out that agricultural straw do not bind very well during pelleting resulting in poorly formed straw pellets, which are often dusty, difficult to handle, and costly to produce. Durable biomass pellet is required in the market so that it is easier to handle and transport. Binders, when added to the biomass, help to bind particles and improve the physical quality biomass fuel pellet. Glycerol, bentonite, lignosulfonate and softwood waste were investigated in this study as binders to improve pellet strength and enhance pellet quality. The physical, chemical, mechanical and fuel properties of wheat straw pellets made with addition of different binders in different proportions were investigated. Wheat straw with glycerol (5%), bentonite (2%), lignosulfonate (2%), wood waste (10%, 20%,30%), and pretreated wood waste (10%, 20%, 30%) with glycerol (0, 5%) were compressed in a single pelleting unit at a temperature of 95oC.The wood waste was ground and pretreated with 1% NaOH solution and heated in a microwave oven (574W) for 15 min resulting in a dried pretreated product before mixing into the wheat straw grinds. The specific energy consumption, pellet density, dimensional stability, tensile strength, calorific value, ash content and chemical composition were determined. Results showed that pellet density value as
Expression and Clinical Significance of EGFR , HER 2 and CXCR 4 in Non-small Cell Lung Cancer *

摘要 目的:研究 EGFR(epidermal growth factor receptor)、HER2( human epidermalgrowth factor receptor-2)及 CXCR4(chemokine (C-X-C motif) receptor 4)在 NSCLC中的表达,分析它们与 NSCLC临床病理特征的的关系。 方法:选择我科 2009年 7月 -2012年 12月收治的 75例非小细胞肺癌(NSCLC)患者为研究对象,支气管镜活检得到 NSCLC肿瘤组织标本,免疫组织化学技术分别检 测 EGFR、HER2、CXCR4在 NSCLC组织中的表达,并分析 EGFR、HER2、CXCR4的表达与 NSCLC患者临床病理指标和生存期 的相关性。 结果:EGFR、HER2及 CXCR4在 NSCLC中的表达与患者淋巴转移及远处转移有关(P<0.05)。 EGFR、HER2及 CXCR4 在 NSCLC中的表达均呈正相关,EGFR与 HER2,EGFR与 CXCR4,HER2与 CXCR4的相关系数分别为 r=0.296(P<0.01),r=0. 578(P<0.01),r=0.426(P<0.01)。 3种基因表达越多,患者中位生存时间越短(P<0.05)。 结论:EGFR、HER2及 CXCR4与 NSCLC 的发生发展关系密切,针对性的多个靶向抑制,可更好发挥抑癌作用。 根据三者不同的表达情况初步筛选出针对靶向治疗的单一 或联合靶点,有助于为 NSCLC患者提供个体化的治疗方案。 为进一步治疗提供依据。 关键词:表皮生长因子受体;人表皮生长因子 2;C-X-C家族趋化因子受体 4;非小细胞肺癌 中图分类号:R734.2 文献标识码:A 文章编号:1673-6273(2014)06-1069-05
Trade between symmetric countries, heterogeneous firms and the skill wage premium

This paper examines the eects of trade liberalisation between symmetric countries on the skill wage premium. I use a model of monopolistic competition with heterogeneous firms and two factors of production: skilled and unskilled labour. I introduce a correlation between productivity and skill intensity in the production process, which generates the empirically observed link between firm size, export status, wages and skill intensity. The entry and exit of firms following trade liberalisation has non-trivial eects on the demand for both types of labour, and therefore on their wages. I show that the impact of trade liberalisation on the skill premium depends on the type of trade costs considered, and on their initial size. While a decrease in the fixed costs of trade has a potentially non-monotonic eect, a drop in the variable trade costs yields an unambiguous and substantial increase in the skill premium. The calibration of the model to the U.S. economy shows that a reduction of the iceberg costs of trade from 1.5 to 1.1 can account for an increase in the skill premium of more than 10 percentage points, which is about a fourth of the observed rise in the 1980s and 1990s.
Low Cytotoxic D-mannitol Isolated from the Industrial Wastewater of Agaricus bisporus

Agaricus bisporus is an edible mushroom, and mainly made in canned food for storage and trading. However, large amount of industrial wastewater containing various components is generated during the production of canned mushroom. This study describes the method for purification of D-mannitol and evaluation of its bioactivity from the industrial wastewater of A. bisporus. Its structure was confirmed by GC, IR, UV, HPLC, HPLC-MS, DSC analysis. The content of D-mannitol in the concentrated industrial wastewater (≥45°Be') of A. bisporus was determined to more than 32.0%. Comparing with the D-mannitol standard, this purified MN6 had a higher purity and lower cytotoxicity to L929 fibroblast evaluated by MTS assay. These results revealed that the A. bisporus industrial wastewater is a good resource for obtanning natural D-mannitol with high quality.
Development of Electromagnetic Band Gap Structures in the Perspective of Microstrip Antenna Design

Electromagnetic band gap (EBG) technology has become a significant breakthrough in the radio frequency (RF) and microwave applications due to their unique band gap characteristics at certain frequency ranges. Since 1999, the EBG structures have been investigated for improving performances of numerous RF and microwave devices utilizing the surface wave suppression and the artificial magnetic conductor (AMC) properties of these special type metamaterial. Issues such as compactness, wide bandwidth with low attenuation level, tunability, and suitability with planar circuitry all play an important role in the design of EBG structures. Remarkable efforts have been undertaken for the development of EBG structures to be compatible with a wide range of wireless communication systems. This paper provides a comprehensive review on various EBG structures such as three-, two-, and one-dimensional (3D, 2D, and 1D) EBG, mushroom and uniplanar EBG, and their successive advancement. Considering the related fabrication complexities, implementation of vialess EBG is an attractive topic for microwave engineers. For microstrip antennas, EBG structures are used in diversified ways, which of course found to be effective except in some cases. The EBG structures are also successfully utilized in antenna arrays for reducing the mutual coupling between elements of the array. Current challenges and limitations of the typical microstrip antennas and different EBG structures are discussed in details with some possible suggestions. Hopefully, this survey will guide to increasing efforts towards the development of more compact, wideband, and high-efficient uniplanar EBG structures for performance enhancement of antenna and other microwave devices.
The Choice of Privatization Method and the Financial Performance of Newly Privatized Firms in Transition Economies

There is a gap between the theoretical literature which almost unanimously advocates the privatization of enterprises, as part of the solution to the commitment problem in economies in transition, and the empirical evidence regarding the best way to design a privatization program in order to secure an efficient use of resources. This paper contributes to this debate by focusing on the determinants of the financial long-run performance of privatized firms in Poland, Hungary, and the Czech Republic. This long-run performance is mainly influenced by the extent of retained state ownership, the choice of privatization method, and firm size.
Solving a Large-Scale Multi-Depot Vehicle Scheduling Problem in Urban Bus Systems

This study proposes an improved model and algorithm for the large-scale multi-depot vehicle scheduling problem (MDVSP) with departure-duration restrictions. In this study, the time-space network is applied to model the large-scale MDVSP. Considering that crews usually change shifts in the depot, departure-duration restrictions are added to the classic set-partitioning model to ensure that buses return to the depot when crews reach their working time limits. By embedding a preliminary exploring tactic to the shortest path faster algorithm (SPFA), researchers developed an improved large neighborhood search (LNS) algorithm to solve large-scale instances of MDVSP with departure-duration restrictions. The proposed methodology is applied to a real-life case in China and several test instances. The results show that the improved LNS algorithm can achieve very good performance in computational efficiency without deteriorating solution quality, which is important for large-scale systems. More specifically, the total cost of the improved LNS algorithm is approximately equal to branch-and-price, but the computational time is much shorter in the case study. For test instances with different number of timetabled trips (500, 1000, 1500, and 2000), the Quality Gap (QG) is very small, approximately 0.35%, 0.38%, 0.63%, and 0.93%, while the Efficiency Ratio (ER) reaches up to 2.89, 2.98, 3.65, and 3.79, respectively.
EFFECT OF FEED AND FERTILIZERS ON THE GROWTH AND BODY COMPOSITION OF AIR BREATHING FISHES CHANNA STRIATA AND PANGASIUS HYPOPHTHALMUS FRY.

P. V. Krishna Experiments were conducted to evaluate the response of five treatments to observe the growth performance and meat composition of Channa striata and Pangasius hypophthalmus advanced fry for the period of 60 days. Composition of nitrogen in different experiments treatment with different combinations of supplementary feed. The pond was supplemented with 0.2g N/100g body weight fertilizers and supplementary feed, the source of which are different. The treatment was cow dung, pig dung, nitrophos, supplementary feed and probiotics in 5 treatments. The highest fish production was recorded in treatment of supplementary with probiotics. Among the species channa goes to better result compare with the pangus. The present study revealed that there is a significant difference (P < 0.05) between body composition of the studied fish species. Moreover, variations also exist between the fishes of the same species for all the constituents.
Determining The Value Of Birthrank And Parent Age In Thoroughbred Racehorses

There is one popular theory spread among thoroughbred buyers at public auctions that younger mares’ progeny, at their birth ranks 2-3, usually are born with better body conditions, also have a higher chance to succeed in their future racing careers and therefore are sold at higher price. So our interest is to test this hypothesis, we examined the impact of dam’s age and the progeny’s birth rank on hammer price in a hedonic pricing model to test the significance of its coefficient; Using the same model, we change the dependent variable to these yearlings’ future earnings on race tracks, to see whether the same explanatory variables have a similar impact on horses’ racing performance. With discovering the magnitude of marginal values of each characteristic in two equations, we compare the results especially of the variables represent dam’s age and parity. Our goal is to help buyers and sellers of thoroughbred yearlings to further understand price discovery and provide more statistical information to help them make reasonable and better purchasing decisions; information on how birth rank and dam’s age impact progeny’s future performances is important for both buyers and sellers, for the reason that if we prove these factors are not playing a significant role in their future performances, reasonable buyers will not neither base their purchasing decisions on the dam’s age nor the birth rank of the progeny.
The Chinese Housing Provident Fund

The Chinese government has embarked upon an effort to reduce the number of tenants living in publicly owned housing. This is a significant challenge for any government, but may be especially so for a country where private homeownership is a new option. Out of concern that many of its citizens could not afford to purchase their housing units, the Chinese government created the Housing Provident Fund. This program, which is similar to housing fund programs in other countries such as Thailand and Singapore, combines a 401(k)-like savings and retirement account with subsidized mortgage rates and price discounts to provide a mechanism through which an employee could save for, and eventually complete, a housing purchase.
ELECTROMECHANICAL DELAY AND LEG –SPRING STIFFNESS IN YOUNG AND OLDER MEN

This study compared leg-spring stiffness and electromechanical delay times in muscles of older and younger adult males. Vertical leg-spring stiffness measures were obtained from 10 older males and 12 younger males who completed drop jumps on a force-sledge apparatus from a drop height of 30 cm. Electromechanical delay times were also obtained on the ankle plantar flexors while performing a simple heel raise activity. The results indicated that younger males produced 24% longer EMD times and 58% higher leg-spring stiffness scores compared with older males (p <0.001). These results suggest that younger males jumped using a stiffer overall leg-spring but older males have a stiffer tendon contribution to overall leg–spring stiffness.
Evaluating and Ranking the Firms in Chemical Industry Listed in Tehran Stock Exchange with TOPSIS

Due to the sublimation and perfection of human knowledge in economics, the concept of efficiency developed in the past two decades and the measurement of it, based on different theories and practice. In economics, efficiency means the maximum of possible output from a certain amount of input. The efficiency is very important for developing countries Because these countries face to a shortage of inputs, production factors and technologies. So the usage of existing resources is critical for these countries. This paper aims to evaluate and rank the financial performance of the chemical firms listed in Tehran stock exchange. We Use the data environment analysis and TOPSIS methods. This research includes one major question that which company performs better due to the financial ratios. The sample includes the firms in Tehran Stock Exchange within a 3-year period (2013-2015). The Results show that Ahvas Petrochemical company, Persian Gulf Petrochemical Industry company and Iran Chemical Industries company are more efficient than others.
Training Accurate and CoherentDecision Making inRugby Union Referees

The purpose of this investigation was to pilot a video-based training program designed to develop referees’ shared mental models. A group of English Rugby Football Union (RFU) national referees, divided into a control group (n = 15) and experimental group (n = 41) made their immediate decisions on pre and posttests of 10 video clips taken from real game referee perspective recordings. Over a six-week period the experimental group studied training tapes consisting of 5 sets of 5 tackles, in each case with an expert providing his interpretation of the correct decision. The lowest ranked referees on the national panel significantly improved their percentage of correct decisions, becoming 17.43% more accurate in their decisions at the posttest. These results suggest that such shared mental model training is an appropriate method for improving referee performance. Referees are responsible for maintaining flow and control (FIBA, 2004) and ensuring fair play both in accordance with the laws and the spirit of the game (iRB, 2003). Their performance is critical. Not only are referees responsible for maintaining a safe environment, but they are also expected to ensure that the game’s result is just. The increasing use of video replay to assist officials at the highest level signifies just one of the many attempts to ensure that referees are accurate in their decisions. Furthermore, refereeing professional sport requires a variety of skills (Anshel, 1995; Mascarenhas, Collins, & Mortimer, 2002a). Expert referees need to be physically fit enough to keep up with play, able to apply an accurate
Institutional Compliance by Firms in Transition Economies

This research revisits the effects of a country’s institutional framework on individual firms’ behavior, in particular focusing on their propensity to comply with legal rules in transition economies. The authors purport to explain the variation in compliance with legal rules and employ a rich data set on thousands of firms from dozens of transition countries to this end. They find that most of the variation emanates from country-wide differences in institutional quality, although some firm characteristics play a role as well. They also find indications that differences across countries are smoothed with income.
Bacterioplankton summer dynamics in a maritime Antarctic lake

Bacterioplankton summer dynamics in a maritime Antarctic lake Maritime Antarctica shows less severe weather conditions than continental Antarctica, thereby allowing an important thaw process during the austral summer that increases both light availability for primary production and the inputs of nutrients and organic matter through run-off. Thus, a rapid development of certain phytoplankton groups is favoured at the beginning of the austral summer as a direct effect of the higher availability of light and nutrients after the ice thaw. Inputs of allochthonous organic matter from microbial mats and moss carpets distributed across the catchment also enhance the abundance of heterotrophic bacterioplankton. Indeed, the bacterioplankton abundance and the availability of organic matter are correlated for each studied depth, revealing a possible differential use of the organic matter. Additionally, the availability and dynamics of different types of dissolved organic matter (autochthonous and allochthonous) may influence the diversity and abundance of the different bacterioplankton groups along the water column and throughout the summer, with a relative abundance of each group that differs between the surface and bottom waters. The study of DGGE patterns reveals the existence of changes in the abundance of different bacterial taxa during the summer and the different relative importance of each bacterial group at each depth. This result can also be related to the organic matter dynamics during the austral summer, as evidenced by the correlation between the concentration of chromophoric dissolved organic matter (CDOM) and abundance of bacterioplankton at each depth. Therefore, the regional temperature regime, which allows ice thaw of the lakes and their catchments during summer, plays a key role in the onset of biological processes and the length of the productive season throughout the austral summer.
An integrated GIS and spatial decision support system for market policy, analysis, research and development

There is always a growing consensus on the necessity of transforming GIS into real decision support tools. In this paper, we recommend the integration of GIS and Multi-criteria analysis methods for Market Policy, Analysis, Research and Development. We present the reasons that have led to this integration and a conceptual framework to facilitate it. It also provides a brief summary of applications and research issues for geo-spatial technologies. The paper summarizes important features, functions, capabilities for geographic technologies and finding out the proper location of new industries on the basis of site suitability analysis and its land and parcel information. It also represents a research and development and management strategy. In addition, business analysis and research topics for GIS have been discussed and analyzed. Opportunities for research are proposed including issues related to GIS management, organizational impacts, utility and facility management, collaborative issues, evaluations of decision-making effectiveness, and societal impacts in both developed and developing countries.
Infra-low Frequency Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation Effectively Improves theMotor Function in Children with Spastic Cerebral Palsy

Background: Cerebral palsy (CP) is one of the major diseases that lead to severe disability and seriously impacts the quality of life of children. Infra-low frequency transcranial magnetic stimulation (ILF-TMS) is a new technique of noninvasive brain stimulation that exactly regulates the power of specific neurotransmitters through a special magnetic field. Our study was in order to investigate the efficacy of ILF-TMS treatment in children with spastic cerebral palsy. Methods: 113 spastic cerebral palsic children were randomly divided into two groups: conventional rehabilitation group and ILF-TMS treatment group, Healthy control group was established at the same time. In conventional rehabilitaion group, children were treated with conventional rehabilitation treatment; In ILF-TMS treatment group were treated with ILF-TMS in addition to conventional rehabilitation treatment. Neurotransmitter in the brain was recorded with encephalofluctuograph (EFG) before and after ILF-TMS treatment. Gross Motor Function Measure (GMFM), Fine Motor Function Measure (FMFM) and Gesell development scale (GDS) were used to comprehensively evaluate the motor function in children with spastic cerebral palsy. Results: The results showed that the relative power of γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) in spastic cerebral palsy was lower than that in healthy controls and was increased significantly after ILF-TMS treatment for 3 months. The relative power of glutamate (Glu) in spastic cerebral palsy was higher than that in healthy controls and was reduced significantly after ILF-TMS treatment for 3 months. After 3 months training period there was significant improvements on the GMFM (dimension B, dimension C and dimension D), FMFM (dimension A and dimension B) and GDS (gross motor DA and gross motor DQ) in the ILF-TMS treatment group when compared to conventional rehabilitation group. Conclusions: These findings indicate that GMFM is a sensitive indicator to assess the treatment efficacy in children with spastic cerebral palsy and ILF-TMS treatment can improve the motor function through regulating neurotransmitters in brain.