Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Polymorphisms of the DNA repair gene XPD (751) and XRCC1 (399) correlates with risk of hematological malignancies in Turkish population

Polymorphisms that occur in DNA repair genes affect DNA repair capacity and constitute a risk factor in hematological malignancies. This study, was aimed to investigate whether xeroderma pigmentosum complementation group D (XPD) and x-ray repair cross-complementing group 1 (XRCC1) gene polymorphisms were involved in the susceptibility to different hematological malignancies. The genotype and allele frequencies were obtained by analyzing XPD gene codon 751 in a total of 80 patients and XRCC1 gene codon 399 polymorphism in a total of 100 patients with hematological malignancies and 100 healthy controls. Mean age was 45 (range: 16 to 75) and 46 (range: 16 to 82) in the patients groups and 39.5 (range: 18 to 67) in the control group, respectively. Additionally, distribution of genotypes and alleles were compared in the patient and control groups. In the comparison of genotype and allele frequencies in hematological malignancies and healthy controls, XPD-751Gln variant was arranged and compared according to age and sex and Gln/Gln genotype was reported to be a protector, which was decreased significantly in acute myeloblastic leukemia (AML) (p = 0.042). No relationship was determined between allele frequencies (p = 0.054). In XRCC1-399, it was shown that Gln/Gln genotype was decreased significantly in AML (p = 0.014) plus all hematological malignancies (p = 0.033) and that Gln allele was present at a lower ratio in AML (p = 0.046). The distribution of polymorphism of both genes was not statistically significant in terms of age and sex. In leukemia with early relapse, XPD 751 Lys/Lys genotype was determined at a statistically higher ratio (p = 0.042). In the evaluation of both genes together, a decrease was noted in Gln/Gln + Lys/Gln haplotype frequency in hematological malignancies (p = 0.048). In this study, it was demonstrated that a decrease in Gln/Gln genotype and Gln allele acted as a protector in XPD codon 751 and XRCC1 codon 399 polymorphisms in acute myeloblastic leukemia (AML) and that an increase in Lys/Lys genotype in acute leukemia was associated with early relapse. Key words: DNA repair, XPD gene, XRCC1 gene, DNA, PCR-RFLP.
Association between serum TSH levels and metabolic components in euthyroid subjects: a nationwide population-based study

Background Whether a relationship exists between various metabolic factors and thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) levels in euthyroid persons remains unknown. This study aims to explore the relationship between TSH levels and metabolic factors in euthyroid individuals. Methods A total of 2,663 subjects were enrolled from a nationwide population-based cross-sectional survey of iodine nutrition, thyroid disease and diabetes in China (2014–2017). Euthyroid individuals were divided into four groups according to quartiles of TSH levels: group A (n=305, 0.3–1.3 mIU/L), group B (n=829, 1.3–2.2 mIU/L), group C (n=673, 2.2–3.2 mIU/L) and group D (n=349, 3.2–4.2 mIU/L). Anthropometric parameters, biochemical indicators and TSH levels were determined. Results A total of 2,156 euthyroid subjects with serum TSH levels within the normal range accounted for 86.8% of the sample. The systolic blood pressure (SBP) in group D was significantly higher than that in the other three groups. Group C displayed significantly lower thyroid peroxidase antibody (TPOAb) levels than the other three groups. Group C also had lower anti-thyroglobulin antibody (TgAb) levels than groups A and D, whereas the TgAb levels in group B were only lower than those in group A. Spearman’s or Pearson’s linear regression analysis showed that SBP (r=0.054; P=0.013) was positively correlated with TSH, but cholesterol (TC) (r=−0.043, P=0.047) was negatively correlated with TSH. Multiple stepwise regression analysis revealed that SBP, the urinary iodine concentration (UIC), waist circumference (WC), body mass index (BMI), TC, triglycerides (TGs) and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) were independent predictors of serum TSH levels. Conclusion This large population-based study demonstrates a significant interaction between metabolic factors and TSH levels. An adverse weight status, high blood pressure levels, blood lipid metabolism disorder and excessive iodine intake may be early manifestations of thyroid disease in euthyroid subjects.
Topological properties of Hilbert schemes of almost-complex four-manifolds II

In this article, we study the rational cohomology rings of Voisin’s Hilbert schemes X anc associated with a symplectic compact four-manifold X . We prove that these rings can be universally constructed from H . X;Q/ and c1.X/, and that Ruan’s crepant resolution conjecture holds if c1.X/ is a torsion class. Next, we prove that for any almost-complex compact four-manifold X , the complex cobordism class of X anc depends only on the complex cobordism class of X . 32Q60; 14C05, 14J35
Proper transmission of DNA in dividing cells is crucial for the survival of eukaryotic organisms. During cell division, faithful segregation of replicated chromosomes requires their tight attachment, known as sister chromatid cohesion, until anaphase. Sister chromatid cohesion is established during 

Proper transmission of DNA in dividing cells is crucial for the survival of eukaryotic organisms. During cell division, faithful segregation of replicated chromosomes requires their tight attachment, known as sister chromatid cohesion, until anaphase. Sister chromatid cohesion is established during Sphase in a process that requires an acetyltransferase that in yeast is known as Establishment of cohesion 1 (Eco1). Inactivation of Eco1 typically disrupts chromosome segregation and homologous recombination dependent DNA repair in dividing cells ultimately resulting in lethality. We report here the isolation and detailed characterization of two homozygous T-DNA insertion mutants for the Arabidopsis thaliana Eco1 homologue, CHROMOSOME TRANSMISSION FIDELITY 7/ ESTABLISHMENT OF COHESION 1 (CTF7/ECO1), called ctf7-1 and ctf7-2. Mutants exhibited dwarfism, poor anther development and sterility. Analysis of somatic tissues by flow cytometry, scanning electron microscopy and QPCR identified defects in DNA repair and cell division, including an increase in the area of leaf epidermal cells, an increase in DNA content, and the upregulation of genes involved in DNA repair including BRCA1 and PARP2. No significant change was observed in the expression of genes that influence entry into the endocycle. Analysis of meiocytes identified changes in chromosome morphology and defective segregation; reduced cohesion at centromeres and a reduction in the abundance of chromosomal-bound cohesion subunits. Transcript levels for several meiotic genes, including the recombinase genes, DMC1 and RAD51C, and the S-phase licensing factor, CDC45 were elevated in mutant anthers. Moreover QPCR in vegetative tissues indicated upregulation of transposable elements COPIA28 and soloLTR, which suggest an additional role for CTF7/ECO1 in gene silencing. Taken together our results demonstrate that Arabidopsis CTF7/ECO1 plays important roles in preservation of genome integrity and meiosis.
Activation of Hypoxia-Inducible Factor by Di-Methyl Oxalyl Glycine (DMOG) Increases Neovascularization within Ischaemic Myocardium in a Porcine Coronary Artery Occlusion Model

Introduction: Chronic total coronary artery occlusion (CTO) in man remains a significant challenge for percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) and a common reason for coronary artery bypass surgery, as often the CTO cannot be crossed. This study investigated whether a potential angiogenic treatment, the prolyl-4-hydroxylase inhibitor, di-methyl oxalyl glycine (DMOG), would increase collateral vessel formation and myocardial perfusion without opening the CTO in a porcine model of coronary CTO. Methods: We assessed the effect of DMOG upon tube formation of HUVEC in a matrigel assay in vitro. DMOG was loaded onto a polymer-coated coronary stent. Copper-coated stents were used to produce a coronary CTO in 20 pigs. DMOG-loaded or control stents were implanted in an alternating, blinded manner at day 28, proximal to the CTO. Angiographic and physiological flow data were collected at day 56, when the animals were sacrificed and the collateral vessels counted. Results: DMOG increased tubule formation in vitro by 77% compared with control (p<0.0001). DMOG was successfully loaded onto the polymer coated stent, as evidenced by the same assay. A CTO was present at angiography in all animals 28 days. At 56 days there was a trend towards a greater increase in angiographic collateral vessel area around the CTO in the DMOG group compared with controls +84.5% vs. +16.5%, respectively, p=0.057). Histology revealed a significant increase in the number of collateral vessels around the site of occlusion in the DMOG group vs control (29.9? 2.6 vs 18.4? 3.1, respectively; p=0.01). There was no difference between the groups in terms of collateral flow index at day 56. Conclusion: DMOG, delivered on a polymer-coated stent, proximal to an occluded porcine coronary artery, increased the number of collateral vessels seen at the site of vessel occlusion but not to a level sufficient to increase measures of functional flow.
A simple way of improving graphite nanoplatelets (GNP) for their incorporation into a polymer matrix

A simple method of solvent exfoliation/refining of direct-graphite nanoplatelets for their better incorporation into a polymer matrix is presented. We demonstrate the method for polystyrene. The method relies on sonication in N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone solvent, with surfactant assistance. A small amount of polystyrene is added to the solvent in order to increase the viscosity, this enhancing the exfoliation process and resulting in formation of a polymeric layer on graphene for its better incorporation in the polymer matrix. Polystyrene-coated thin graphene stacks form a stable dispersion, while thicker graphite nanoplatelets settle out. Thus bulk separation of thin and thick graphene stacks takes place. The polystyrene-coated thin graphene stacks are studied using Transmission Electron Microscopy in two ways: (i) we calculate the number of graphene layers forming thin graphene stacks, and (ii) we employ Selected Area Diffraction to confirm our image analysis results by checking the intensity ratio (1100) and (2100) deflections in the diffraction patterns. Five layers is found to be the cut-off number, that is there are no stacks >5 layers, and 3 layer stacks are dominantly present. The average largest in-plane dimension is found to be approximately 2.5 mu m (reduction by 50%).
English Loanwords in Persian: Vowel Adaptation

The aim of this research is to analyze English loanwords adaptation in Persian language. It especially, focuses on different phonological and phonotactic systems of the two languages and the English vowel adaptation in Persian vocalic system. This process would lead into (a); the change of English lax vowels into Persian tense ones; (b) the Persian constraint of hiatus existing in English; (c) the change of English off-glide diphthongs /aI/ or /eI/ into a vowel and a glide sequences in Persian; (d) the change of English diphthongs /AU/, /@U/ into Persian simple vowels [A] or [o] respectively; (e) the change of English syllabic consonants [n=, m=, l====] into the Persian non-syllabic ones through vowel insertion. Concerning the above mentioned points, a number of English loanwords have been selected through Persian dictionaries. The used approach in the article is Optimality Theory (OT). Keywords: Loanword, adaptation, phonological constraint, English, Persian, vowel.
Multi-Context Automated Lemma Generation for Term Rewriting Induction with Divergence Detection

SUMMARY We present an automated lemma generation method for equational, inductive theorem proving based on the term rewriting induction of Reddy and Aoto as well as the divergence critic framework of Walsh. The method e ﬀ ectively works by using the divergence-detection technique to locate di ﬀ erences in diverging sequences, and generates potential lem-mas automatically by analyzing these di ﬀ erences. We have incorporated this method in the multi-context inductive theorem prover of Sato and Kuri-hara to overcome the strategic problems resulting from the unsoundness of the method. The experimental results show that our method is e ﬀ ective especially for some problems diverging with complex di ﬀ erences (i.e., parallel and nested di ﬀ erences).
Life History and Stock Structure of Atlantic Bluefin Tuna (Thunnus thynnus)

Our understanding of the biology of Atlantic bluefin tuna (Thunnus thynnus) has increased profoundly in the last decade, and the progress is attributed to the development and application of a variety of novel tools. Here we provide a comprehensive examination of available data on the life history and stock structure of T. thynnus by re-examining current databases and literature and highlighting findings from recent studies using approaches such as archival tags and natural markers (e.g., genetics, otolith chemistry). The present review provides a detailed synthesis on the reproductive biology, feeding ecology, growth, mortality, migration, and stock structure of T. thynnus. In addition to characterizing key life history attributes and discussing stock-specific (east versus west) differences, the implication of trans-Atlantic movement and mixing are addressed. We also identify significant data needs that still exist and must be addressed to promote effective management and rapid recovery of T. thynnus populations.
Metastases from Renal Cell Carcinoma. Recurrence Patterns, Detection and Management.

This thesis provides novel insights into the detection, recurrence patterns and management of metastases from renal cell carcinoma (RCC). In paper I the role of metastasectomy and other local therapies were clarified in a robust systematic review. Studies included showed a benefit in performing complete metastasectomy in terms of overall survival (OS) and cancer-specific survival (CSS). Some evidence suggested benefits in reaching local or symptomatic control of metastases using radiotherapy. Evidence quality was low with overall high risk of bias and confounding. In paper II a population-based cohort was presented in regards to RCC demographics and treatments. Incidence of primary metastatic RCC decreased from 2005 (23%) to 2009 (18%). Treatments for asynchronous recurrences were shown to be systemic in 50%, observational in 27% and metastasectomy in 17% (68% with curative intent). For Study III and IV a multinational database (RECUR) with non-metastatic RCC patients was established to provide evidence on the impact of follow-up on recurrence detection and survival. In study III analysing clear cell RCC recurrence patterns and survival, the low-risk group recurrences according to Leibovich score were found to be infrequent at follow-up and occurred later. OS after recurrence management was disappointing especially in the Leibovich score high-risk group which harbored most patients with potentially curable recurrences. Symptomatic at recurrence meant poorer survival irrespective of metastatic burden. Competing risk analysis suggested age as an important factor in follow-up protocols. In paper IV imaging modality (cross-sectional vs. conventional) and more frequent follow-up imaging for detection of RCC recurrences did not impact OS. Finally, use of excessive follow-up imaging compared to frequencies recommended by the EAU guidelines was unlikely to increase OS after recurrence. Higher level of evidence is needed as well as novel markers in the molecular era of RCC to develop better follow-up protocols and prognostic models. (Less)
SYNTHESIS AND IN-VITRO ANTIMICROBIAL STUDIES OF SOME NEW PYRAZOLONES

In the present scenario antibacterial agents are the greatest contribution of chemotherapy. They have great importance in the developing countries where infectious diseases predominate. Pyrazolone derivatives are an important class of heterocyclic compounds that occur in many drugs and synthetic products. It has a particular value due to their broad spectrum of biological activities and their utility as synthetic tools in the design of various bioactive molecules. It is also exhibited analgesic, antipyretic and anti-inflammatory activity. In the present study, a series of 3-methyl- N -(substituted phenyl)-5-oxo-4,5-dihydro-1 H -pyrazole-1-carbothioamide ( 3a-g ) were synthesized by the reaction of thiosemicarbazides ( 1 ) and ethylacetoacetate ( 2 ) in DMF. The synthesized compounds were characterized on the basis of IR, 1 H-NMR, 13 C-NMR and elemental analysis. All synthesized compounds were screened for antimicrobial activities using disc diffusion technique against four bacterial pathogens viz Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Bacillus anthracis and Pseudomonas aeruginosa & two fungal pathogens namely Candida albicanes, Aspergillus niger . Chloramphenicol and Fluconazole were used as standard drug respectively. The compounds exhibit moderate activity. Keywords: Pyrazolones, Thiosemicarbazides, Antimicrobial activity, Disc diffusion technique.
Spiritual Transcendence, Mortality Salience and Consumer Behaviors: Is Spirituality Really Opposite to Materialism?

In the current study (N = 161) we examined the effect of activation of spiritual transcendence and death anxiety on spending on hedonistic and status goods as expressing materialism. Additionally, the difference between the effects of spiritual transcendence in religious and non-religious form on consumer behaviors was examined. Basing on TMT assumption we expected increased spending on materialistic goods in the mortality salience condition. Spiritual transcendence, as logically opposite to materialism, was assumed to decrease levels of spending on materialistic goods. Finally, we examined whether spiritual transcendence, as related to transcending self (including own mortality) could serve as a buffer against death anxiety. We have found partial support for the assumption, that spiritual transcendence (only in non-religious form) indeed inhibits effects of mortality salience on higher spending on status goods.
D Language Abstractions For Low Level Optimization Techniques

Programmers are often forced to implement performance-critical applications at a low abstraction level. This leads to programs that are hard to develop and maintain because the program text is mixed with low level optimization tricks and is far from the algorithm it implements. Even if compilers are smart nowadays and provide the user with many automatically applied optimizations, practice shows that in some cases it is hopeless to optimize the program automatically without the programmer’s knowledge. A complementary approach is to allow the programmer to fine tune the program by providing him with language features that make the optimization easier. These are language abstractions that make optimization techniques explicit without adding too much syntactic noise to the program text. This paper presents such language abstractions for two well-known optimizations: bitvectors and SIMD (Single Instruction Multiple Data). The language features are implemented in the embedded domain specific language Feldspar which is specifically tailored for digital signal processing applications. While we present these language elements as part of Feldspar, the ideas behind them are general enough to be applied in other language definition projects as well.
An Examination of Taoist and Buddhist Perspectives on Interpersonal Conflicts, Emotions, and Adversities

Taoism and Buddhism teachings have increasingly been integrated into psychology literature and psychotherapy. The Taoist notion of nonaction and the way and the Buddhist idea of enlightenment offer insight into human emotions. Communication scholars have also begun to explore the Taoist approach to conflict. By examining Taoist and Buddhist classics and teachings, this paper reveals the following essential themes: sunyata (emptiness or egolessness), Four Noble Truths, Tao, Conflict and Emotions, self-actualization, spontaneity and nonaction, ebb and flow of life, and nonattainment. This paper discusses fundamental Asian values while examining these spiritual readings. It illustrates implications of these Taoist and Buddhist teachings for communication studies.
Vegetation Dynamics in Relation to Grazing Management Practices in Semi-arid Grazing Lands of Makueni County, Kenya

Livestock grazing practices in rangelands are being recognized as management tool for environmental protection and increased livestock productivity. Continuous grazing has been largely reported to reduce pasture productivity and increase environmental degradation. Rotational grazing is an alternative to continuous grazing and is considered to reduce negative environmental effects and provide quality pastures and browse ensuring availability of quality feed for animals while conserving the environment. This study was conducted in a semi-arid grassland in the south eastern rangelands of Kenya which is primarily used for cattle production to establish how grazing management system affects herbaceous biomass yield, cover, plant species richness and diversity (in 2016). Quadrat method was used to collect vegetation samples. In each plot, a 100 m2 sub- plot was demarcated and five 1×1m quadrats laid out. A quadrat was placed at each of the four corners of the 100m2 plot and the 5th quadrant placed at the center of the plot. Herbaceous biomass production was significantly higher (p≤0.05) in rotationally grazed areas compared to both continually grazed and ungrazed areas with average values of 7037, 2478 and 2390 Kgha-1 respectively. Similar trend was obtained for vegetation cover. Vegetation cover of herbaceous plants was significantly higher under rotationally grazed areas compared to both continually grazed and ungrazed areas with average values of 55, 37 and 27%, respectively. There was no significant difference for plant species richness and diversities and between the three sampling blocks. However, the highest values of both latter traits were obtained in rotationally grazed areas, followed by continually and ungrazed areas. Improved biomass yields and high species diversity in rotation grazed areas was largely attributed to the flexibility in the management in which grazing frequency, durations and the rest periods are efficiently controlled compared to continuous grazing areas. This study concludes that rotation grazing allows flexibility of animal utilization of pastures resulting to enhanced soil water retention, increased species diversity; richness and vegetation cover which increase biomass yields.
Overextension of Early Words in Comprehension and Production

During the early years of language acquisition, children may use a word in a wide range of contexts, which is called as overextension in research agenda. Barrett (1991) hypothesizes that if a word like dog is overextended not only for referring to dogs of all sizes, but also for referring to cats, horses, or cows, then the overextension is likely to be exhibited not only in the child's production of that word, but also in the child's comprehension of the word. Based upon this hypothesis, the focal point of the present study is to test the overextension issue in terms of both production and comprehension perspectives. The subjects (N=10) aged 2;2 to 4;0 have been experimented through picture-naming and picture-pointing tasks in order to reveal whether there is a symmetry between these two stances. The results of this experiment are inconsistent with the views foreseeing any parallelism between the overextension in comprehension and production. Rather, it has been observed that children have a tendency to overextend the words in production more often than in comprehension. Nor does it supply evidence for overextensions mostly occurring in both phases at very early ages.