Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
AzTEC half square degree survey of the SHADES fields - II. Identifications, redshifts, and evidence for large-scale structure

The Astronomical Thermal Emission Camera (AzTEC) 1.1 mm survey of the two SCUBA HAlf Degree Extragalactic Survey (SHADES) fields is the largest (0.7 deg2) blank-field millimetre-wavelength (mm-wavelength) survey undertaken to date at a resolution of ≃18 arcsec and a depth of ≃1 mJy. We have used the deep optical to radio multiwavelength data in the SHADES Lockman Hole East and SXDF/UDS fields to obtain galaxy identifications for ≃64 per cent (≃80 per cent including tentative identifications) of the 148 AzTEC-SHADES 1.1 mm sources reported by Austermann et al., exploiting deep radio and 24 μm data complemented by methods based on 8 μm flux density and red optical–infrared (i − K) colour. This unusually high identification rate can be attributed to the relatively bright mm-wavelength flux density threshold, combined with the relatively deep supporting multifrequency data now available in these two well-studied fields. We have further exploited the optical–mid-infrared–radio data to derive an ≃60 per cent (≃75 per cent including tentative identifications) complete redshift distribution for the AzTEC-SHADES sources, yielding a median redshift of z ≃ 2.2, with a high-redshift tail extending to at least z ≃ 4. Despite the larger area probed by the AzTEC survey relative to the original SCUBA-SHADES imaging, the redshift distribution of the AzTEC sources is consistent with that displayed by the SCUBA sources, and reinforces tentative evidence that the redshift distribution of mm/submm sources in the Lockman Hole field is significantly different from that found in the SXDF/UDS field. Comparison with simulated surveys of similar scale extracted from semi-analytic models based on the Millennium simulation indicates that this is as expected if the mm/submm sources are massive (M > 1011 M⊙) star-forming galaxies tracing large-scale structures over scales of 10–20 Mpc. This confirms the importance of surveys covering several deg2 (as now underway with SCUBA2) to obtain representative samples of bright (sub)mm-selected galaxies. This work provides a foundation for the further exploitation of the Spitzer and Herschel data in the SHADES fields in the study of the stellar masses and specific star formation rates of the most active star-forming galaxies in cosmic history.
Improving the Efficiency of Face Recognition System for Images with Different Illumination Conditions

This paper proposes a novel technique that improves the face recognition rate for multispectral face images by selecting the narrowband for the given illumination. The existing methods have demonstrated good recognition performance with frontal, centered and expressionless views of faces acquired under controlled lighting conditions. One of the main challenges to face recognition system is the degradation caused by varying illumination. In this paper, a technique that improves the recognition rate, optimal spectral range is specified automatically based on the given lighting condition of the images. This technique consists of three main sequential processes - Image acquisition, Spectral band selection and Image fusion. The given input image is compared with the gallery images, and similarity score is generated. Then quantified measure is calculated to separate the genuine and imposter similarity scores. From the previous values, optimal narrow bands are selected and images of those bands are fused together, which gives more information about the image. This fused image is fed into the classifier to calculate the recognition rate. The results produced by this method outperform all the other conventional methods used for broad-band images under varying lighting conditions.
GMI Instrument Spin Balance Method, Optimization, Calibration and Test

The Global Microwave Imager (GMI) instrument must spin at a constant rate of 32 rpm continuously for the 3-year mission life. Therefore, GMI must be very precisely balanced about the spin axis and center of gravity (CG) to maintain stable scan pointing and to minimize disturbances imparted to the spacecraft and attitude control on-orbit. The GMI instrument is part of the core Global Precipitation Measurement (GPM) spacecraft and is used to make calibrated radiometric measurements at multiple microwave frequencies and polarizations. The GPM mission is an international effort managed by the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) to improve climate, weather, and hydro-meteorological predictions through more accurate and frequent precipitation measurements. Ball Aerospace and Technologies Corporation (BATC) was selected by NASA Goddard Space Flight Center to design, build, and test the GMI instrument. The GMI design has to meet a challenging set of spin balance requirements and had to be brought into simultaneous static and dynamic spin balance after the entire instrument was already assembled and before environmental tests began. The focus of this contribution is on the analytical and test activities undertaken to meet the challenging spin balance requirements of the GMI instrument. The novel process of measuring the residual static and dynamic imbalances with a very high level of accuracy and precision is presented together with the prediction of the optimal balance masses and their locations.
Society for Business and Management Dynamics A Stakeholder Approach to Social Responsibility

Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) is based on the fundamental principle of recognizing and addressing any company’s responsibilities to its stakeholders. Stakeholders include investors, customers, employees, business partners, local communities, the environment and society. CSR and a stakeholder approach are very important concepts when examining the role of a business in society, but their relationship has been studied and debated for decades. The concept of CSR (and its implications for society) is still evolving and a matter of debate. This article provides an overview of the existing stakeholder approach to social responsibility: it examines the challenges and implications of the stakeholder approach in relation to CSR research.
International supply chain agility ‐ Tradeoffs between flexibility and uncertainty

Firms operating in an international environment face a host of uncertainties that make it difficult to meet deadlines reliably. To be reliable in an uncertain and changing environment, firms must be able to quickly respond to changes. The ability to do this in a useful time frame is called agility. Unfortunately, measures taken to increase agility often lead to increases in complexity, which works against agility. We propose a theoretical construct linking elements of uncertainty with aspects of agility, pointing out the two‐edged nature of the requisite capabilities. We illustrate our points with examples from five case studies.
Nest success and parental investment in the Critically Endangered Maui parrotbill Pseudonestor xanthophrys with implications for recovery

The Critically Endangered (IUCN) Maui parrotbill Pseudonestor xanthophrys, an endemic Hawaiian honeycreeper, is restricted to a single population of about 500 individuals. During 3 breeding seasons (2006 to 2008) we found and monitored 17 Maui parrotbill nests from 13 pairs. Eggs and incubating females were confirmed for 12 of the nests, but only 4 fledged successfully. Severe weather led to nest abandonment in 5 cases. Two nests were depredated, and 1 nest had an egg that failed to hatch. Three pairs renested after failures. We used logistic linear regression and ANOVA to evaluate 300 h of observations to assess the effects of parental investment behavior and weather on nest fate. Female time incubating, a significant factor explaining nest fate, did not differ by time of day, but averaged 12 min h -1 less for failed than for successful nests. Male provisioning rates to adult females and chick feeding rates by parents were also significantly related to nest suc- cess. Male vocalizations near the nest did not differ by nest fate. Establishment of a second popula- tion is a key step in the recovery of Maui parrotbills, and a small captive population has been estab- lished. Although limited, our data suggest that collection of Maui parrotbill eggs and/or nestlings up to 1 wk old from nests for captive rearing, especially in advance of severe winter storms, would have minimal effects on the population.
Assessment of Genetic Relationship among Some Iraqi Walnut Genotypes (Juglans regia L.) in Sulaimani Region Using RAPD and SSR Molecular Markers

Juglans regia L. is cultivated for both nuts and timber in Hawraman region in Iraq. To clarify the genetic variability in walnuts grown in this region, twelve walnut genotypes of diverse origins were analyzed with 10 selected Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA (RAPD) and Simple Sequence Repeat (SSR) markers. RAPD primers produced 85 bands, out of which 36 were polymorphic ranging from 2 to 7 with an average of 3.6 per primer. The genotypes shared 42.35% of polymorphic bands. In SSR analysis, nine primers gave 26 bands, out of which 23 were polymorphic ranging from 2 to 5 with an average of 2.3 per primer. SSR primers shared 88.16% of polymorphic bands. Genetic similarities were calculated and ranged from 0.4 to 0.93 for RAPD data and 0.27 to 1.00 for SSR data. Cluster analysis by RAPD and SSR markers revealed clear distinct diversity between genotypes. The dendrogram realized from the RAPD and SSR markers grouped the 12 genotypes into four major clusters. Wazi and Kirmashan1 were closely related for RAPD or SSR data. Twana and Awesar revealed the highest dissimilarity as compared with the others genotypes. Combination of RAPD and SSR data shared that Twana showed the highest dissimilarity comparing with all other genotypes. A wide range of genomic diversity was observed among all genotypes, making them candidates for selective breeding for specific traits and broadening the genetic base. Based on these results, RAPD and SSR analysis can be used for the characterization and grouping of walnut genotypes.
Robust ARMA analysis as an aid in developing parameter control rules for a pole-zero cascade speech synthesizer

Two methods for deriving synthesizer control rules are discussed. In one approach a trained phonetician interprets the results of a robust autoregressive moving average (RARMA) analysis and makes a separation between spectral events attributable to the source and the vocal tract, respectively, in order to derive rules for controlling the poles and zeros in the tract model. This procedure appears to be fruitful but rather time-consuming. In the other approach an attempt is made to support the procedure as much as possible by automatic enhancement of the analysis results. The experiments indicate that RARMA analysis delivers reliable pole and zero tracks that can be associated with dynamic characteristics of the vocal tract. <<ETX>>
Question Classification Menggunakan Support Vector Machines dan Stemming

Question Classification (QC) merupakan salah satu komponen penting dalam Question Answering System (QAS) karena akan berpengaruh langsung terhadap kinerja keseluruhan QAS. Sejauh ini metode yang disarankan oleh komunitas QAS untuk QC adalah menggunakan Support Vector Machines (SVM). Untuk melakukan klasifikasi teks dibutuhkan fitur berdimensi tinggi, banyaknya fitur dapat mengurangi performa SVM. Stemming adalah teknik yang digunakan untuk mereduksi term suatu dokumen. Penggunaan stemming akan berpengaruh terhadap sintaksis dan semantik suatu pertanyaan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh stemming terhadap akurasi SVM. Telah dilakukan dua percobaan klasifikasi pertanyaan, yaitu dengan menggunakan SVM dan SVM+stemming. Hasil rata-rata akurasi dari percobaan diperoleh sebesar 86.75% untuk SVM dan 87.48% SVM+stemming sehingga telah terjadi kenaikan akurasi sebesar 0.73%. Walaupun peningkatan akurasi tidak signifikan tetapi stemming dapat mereduksi fitur tanpa menurunkan akurasi SVM. Keywords—question classification, question answering system, support vector machines, stemming
Prognosis of Patients with Neuroendocrine Neoplasms of the Pancreas According to the World Health Organization 2017 Classification

Pancreatic neuroendocrine neoplasms are rare tumors with diverse biological behavior. World Health Organization classifications 2010 of neuroendocrine neoplasms based on Ki67 and Mitotic indexes has been widely accepted as correlating favorably with patient prognosis. WHO classification 2017 has been updated on the basis of recent studies on pathological differentiation of “G3 tumors” in the 2010 classification. Neuroendocrine neoplasms are largely classified into well differentiated neuroendocrine tumors and poorly differentiated neuroendocrine carcinomas based on their pathological differentiation. NETs are further classified into NET G1, G2, and G3 based on their Ki67 and Mitotic indexes; NECs are classified as NEC G3. In this review, WHO classification, TNM classification and further prognostic factors are described.
Evaluation of Ovarian Follicular Health with the Markers of Endothelial and Granulosa Cells

The aim of the study was to determine the quantitative vascularity of the bovine preovula- tory follicle using Factor VIII immunolocalization associated with the follicular health. Eight mature Thai native crossbred beef cows received two injections (11 day apart) of a PGF analogue to synchronize estrus. The study was conducted to test the marker of endothelial cell (Factor VIII) and granulosa cell (Pyknotic nucleus) for follicular health evaluation. Bovine preovulatory follicles (n=32) were obtained on day 6 of the estrous cycle from abattoir located in Khon Kaen provine. Follicles were classified by size as 3-6, 7-10, and >10 mm in diameter and by morpho- logy as healthy and unhealthy. Ovarian tissue samples were fixed and paraffin-embedded prior immunohistochemistry. Factor VIII (Sigma, USA) and Pyknotic nuclei were applied as marker of endothelial cell in the theca and granulosa cell respectively. Quantitative and qualitative analysis of follicular health was determined with immunohistological assay with the aid of image analysis (Media Cybernetics, Inc., Silver Spring, USA). Pyknotic nuclei in unhealthy follicles were significantly greater than that of healthy follicles (P<0.05). Average follicular capillary area density, and capillary number density were greater (P<0.01) in healthy follicles (4.60% and 0.0027 no./ µm 2 ) compared with unhealthy follicles (1.76% and 0.0011 no./µm 2 ). However, area per capillary was not different between healthy (17.32 µm2 /no.) and unhealthy follicles (14.13 µm 2 /no.). These studies indicated that ovarian follicular health could be precisely evaluated with Factor VIII and Pyknotic nuclei immunohistochemistry. In addition, the study supported the relationship between the follicular health and vascularity during follicular development of the estrous cycle.
Examining Hidden Curriculum of Anatolian Teacher Training High Schools in Terms of Preparation for Teaching Profession

The aim of this research is to reveal how hidden curriculum of Anatolian Teacher Training High Schools (ATTHS) influenced these schools’ curricular goals. The research was carried out as a qualitative case study with a sample of 11 ATTHS graduate, studying at 1st grade of Uludag University Education Faculty English Language Teaching or Special Education departments. For data collection a semi-structured interview form, developed by researchers, and for data analysis inductive content analysis were used. According to results, students prefer ATTHS to get qualified education or to deserve extra points at University Entrance Exam rather than to be a teacher. In ATTHS, there are messages related to teaching profession as pictures and writings on the walls of the building but not help students develop positive attitude toward teaching profession. Students think that in ATTHS Teacher Certificate Courses are not attached importance and instruction of these courses is not proper. Attitude and behavior of teachers and administrators do not include messages, improving and reinforcing students affective characteristics related to teaching. To sum up, hidden curriculum of ATTHS does not coincide with goals of these schools yet they even contradict. The aim of this research is to reveal how hidden curriculum of Anatolian Teacher Training High Schools (ATTHS) influenced these schools’ curricular goals. The research was carried out as a qualitative case study with a sample of 11 ATTHS graduate, studying at 1st grade of Uludag University Education Faculty English Language Teaching or Special Education departments. For data collection a semi-structured interview form, developed by researchers, and for data analysis inductive content analysis were used. According to results, students prefer ATTHS to get qualified education or to deserve extra points at University Entrance Exam rather than to be a teacher. In ATTHS, there are messages related to teaching profession as pictures and writings on the walls of the building but not help students develop positive attitude toward teaching profession. Students think that in ATTHS Teacher Certificate Courses are not attached importance and instruction of these courses is not proper. Attitude and behavior of teachers and administrators do not include messages, improving and reinforcing students affective characteristics related to teaching. To sum up, hidden curriculum of ATTHS does not coincide with goals of these schools yet they even contradict. Keywords: Educational Sciences, Teacher Education, Hidden Curriculum, High School, Case Study
The role of mannose-binding lectin in vitro and in vivo

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Changes in Paratethyan marine molluscs at the Early/Middle Miocene transition - diversity, palaeogeography and palaeoclimate

HARZHAUSER, M. , MANDIC, O. & ZUSCHIN, M. 2003. Changes in Paratethyan marine molluscs at the Early/Middle Miocene transition: diversity, palaeogeography and palaeoclimate. Acta Geologica Polonica, 53 (4), 323-339. Warszawa. The transition from the Early Miocene to the Middle Miocene is a crucial point for the development of mollusc faunas (gastropods and bivalves) in the Central Paratethys. Here, we first discuss the confusing and partly contradictory stratigraphic concepts and correlations of Paratethyan and Mediterranean reference faunas. Then we show that the interplay of sea level fluctuations, climatic amelioration, immigrations, and blooms in autochthonous elements causes a complex pattern of faunal development. We focus on the so-called “Grund Fauna”, which flourished during the Early Badenian and is here treated as transitional between typical late Early Miocene and typical Middle Miocene faunas. This faunal type, originally defined in Austria, is represented within the entire Central Paratethys and is strictly stratigraphically determined. It developed during the early Middle Miocene and is interpreted by us to mirror a phase of optimal climatic conditions. This is most plausible in respect to the marginal position of the Central Paratethys. As a northern appendix of the early Mediterranean Sea, it spans a north-south gradient of about 4° latitude and is suggested to represent a type of “palaeo-thermometer”, which reflects slight expansions or restrictions of climatic belts. The Langhian climatic optimum, for example, seems to be reflected within Paratethyan mollusc faunas by the northward migration of Mediterranean thermophilic species during the Early Badenian.
ECONOMETRIC SCALES OF EQUIVALENCE, THEIR IMPLEMENTATIONS IN ALBANIA

Econometric scales are, by one consent, considered a necessary tool in poverty analysis, welfare comparison and income distribution analysis. The calculation of equivalence scales based on a food ratio applied as a welfare measure is well known as the Engel’s method. In this paper, the aim is to calculate the econometric scales based on a food ratio applied as a welfare measure; parametric regression is used for the estimation of the Engel curves. The Engel method is based on the observation that, for any given household composition, the share of food expenditures on total expenditures is inversely related to income. That is to say, two household with different number of members but that have the same food expenditure achieve the same level of welfare even if they have different incomes (major to the larger household). The method is applied to the data set of Household Budget Survey in Albania in 2008. The economic resources to achieve a given level of welfare are not directly proportional to the household size. The poverty line is estimated using the method of expenditure of consumption mediana. As the same methodology is applied two times, introducing as single element of diversification in the analytical process, two different equivalent scales, the final result can be considered a sort of a ‘analysis of sensibility’.
Implications of Quasi-Geometric Discounting on the Observable Sharpe Ratio

In this paper, we study implications of quasi-geometric discounting for stochastic properties of asset returns that can be observed in the financial market data. In particular, we emphasize that the dividend income from an asset measured in a unit of account may not reflect the whole dividend that consumers expect to obtain from the asset in models with quasi-geometric discounting. We then show that allowing for such a possibility in a stochastic growth model with quasi-geometric discounting requires a small departure towards time inconsistent preferences to match the Sharpe ratio observed in the U.S. data
Broadening the CRM domain of application to higher educational (e-learning) environments

In this paper, we reflect about the broadening of the field of application of CRM from the business domain to a wider context of relationships in which the inclusion of non-profit making organizations seems natural. In particular, we focus on analyzing the suitability of adopting CRM processes by universities and higher educational institutions dedicated to e-learning. This is an issue that, in our opinion, has much potential but has received little attention in research so far.
Predicting export of dissolved organic carbon from forested catchments in glaciated landscapes with shallow soils

This study presents a simple model of dissolved organic carbon (DOC) loading to surface waters that is applicable to headwater catchments in forested regions on glaciated landscapes. Average annual DOC export was highly variable among the 33 experimental catchments along an east‐west transect, ranging from 0.90 to 13.74 g C/m2/a. It was hypothesized that the proportion of wetlands within the catchments would explain the majority of variation in average annual DOC export. To test this hypothesis, digital terrain analysis was used to derive wetlands automatically under both open and closed forest canopies by identifying the probability of a grid cell being a depression and/or flat. Using a 10 m digital elevation model (DEM) derived from readily available sources, the proportion of wetlands explained 63% of the variance in average annual DOC export among the 33 experimental catchments. Inclusion of regional climatic indicators, including the number of growing degree days (with a base of 10°C) and the runoff coefficient, increased explanation of variance from 63% to 89%, once catchments with lakes (>5% of catchment area) adjacent to the catchment outlets were removed. This study shows that DOC export can be predicted accurately from headwater catchments in forested regions on glaciated landscapes using a simple model based on the proportion of wetlands and easily calculated climatic variables.