Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Oral almotriptan vs. oral sumatriptan in the abortive treatment of migraine: a double-blind, randomized, parallel-group, optimum-dose comparison.

BACKGROUND Almotriptan malate is a novel, selective serotonin(1B/D) agonist, or triptan, developed for the abortive treatment of migraine. In double-blind, placebo-controlled studies, it has been shown to be effective, well tolerated, and safe. OBJECTIVE To compare the efficacy, tolerability, and safety of almotriptan with that of the "standard triptan," sumatriptan succinate. The power calculation of the study was based on 24-hour headache recurrence, an efficacy measure in the abortive treatment of migraine, and on the occurrence of adverse events. SUBJECTS AND METHODS Subjects, aged between18 and 65 years, with migraine with or without aura but otherwise healthy, were randomized to take orally either almotriptan malate, 12.5 mg, or sumatriptan succinate, 50 mg. The medications were provided in identical-looking capsules to ensure blinding and were taken for the treatment of moderate or severe headache. Efficacy was determined in terms of (1) headache relief-a decrease in pain intensity to mild or no pain; (2) headache freedom-a decrease to no pain; (3) use of rescue medications, allowed after 2 hours; and (4) headache recurrence-moderate or severe pain returning within 24 hours after headache relief at 2 hours. Adverse events were collected for 96 hours after treatment and for safety evaluation, vital signs, blood tests, and electrocardiograms were performed at the screening and exit visits. RESULTS Seventy-five investigators enrolled 1255 subjects of whom 1173 were treated (591 with almotriptan and 582 with sumatriptan). At 2 hours, almotriptan treatment provided headache relief in 58.0% of the subjects and sumatriptan treatment in 57.3%; headache freedom was provided by the medications in 17.9% and 24.6%, respectively (P =.005). Rescue medications were taken by 36.7% of the subjects in the almotriptan-treated group and by 33.2% in the sumatriptan-treated group; headaches returned to moderate or severe intensity in 27.4% and 24.0%, respectively. Treatment-emergent adverse events occurred in 15.2% of the subjects in the almotriptan-treated group and in 19.4% in the sumatriptan-treated group (P =.06); treatment-related adverse events occurred in 9.1% and 15.5% of the subjects, respectively (P =.001), including chest pain, which occurred in 0.3% and 2.2%, respectively (P =.004). CONCLUSIONS Almotriptan and sumatriptan are similarly effective in the abortive treatment of moderate or severe migraine headache; they are also similarly well tolerated and safe.
The fine structure of trophozoites and gametocytes in Plasmodium coatneyi.

SYNOPSIS. An electron microscope study of Plasmodium coatneyi in the rhesus monkey supplied information on the fine structure of trophozoites, gametocytes and of the host cell. The trophozoites resemble other mammalian malaria parasites. They do not have typical protozoan mitochondria, but instead a concentric double-membraned organelle, which, it is assumed, performs mitochondrial functions. They feed on the host cell by pinocytosis, engulfing droplets of erythrocytes thru invaginations of the plasma membranes at any region of the cell or thru the cytostome. Digestion of hemoglobin takes place in small vesicles pinched off from the food vacuole proper. Gametocytes can be clearly distinguished into macro- and microgametocytes. Macrogametocytes are covered by 2 plasma membranes, the inner one appearing thicker in some places. The cytoplasm is filled with Palade's particles and has numerous vesicles of endoplasmic reticulum and toxonemes. In microgametocytes most of the inner membrane is thickened, the cytoplasm has few Palade's particles and vesicles of the endoplasmic reticulum and does not have toxonemes. Erythrocytes with trophozoites are irregularly scallop-shaped and have elevated points with knob-like protrusions covered by a double membrane. If these protrusions are sticky they might be in part responsible for clumping and arresting the schizonts and segmenters in the capillaries. The host cell contains numerous Maurer's clefts which in some instances are continuous with the membranes of the parasite suggesting that they might originate from them.
Explorer An Influenza Virus M 2 Protein Specific Chimeric Antigen Receptor Modulates Influenza A / WSN / 33 H 1 N 1 Infection In Vivo

A potential target for the development of universal vaccine strategies against Influenza A is the M2 protein a membrane protein with a highly conserved extracellular domain. In this study we developed engineered T-cell receptors, by fusing M2-specific antibody sequences with T-cell receptor transmembrane and signaling domains to target influenza infected cells. When expressed on T-cells, these novel T-cell receptors (chimeric antigen receptors CARs) are able to recognize specific antigens on the surface of target cells via an MHC-independent mechanism. Using an existing monoclonal antibody (14C2) specific for the M2 ectodomain (M2e), we generated an M2-specific CAR. We tested the specificity of this M2 CAR in vitro by measuring the activation of T-cells in response to M2-specific peptides or M2expressing cell lines. Both Jurkat T-cells and peripheral blood mononuclear cells expressing the M2-specific CAR responded to specific antigen stimulation by upregulating NFAT and producing -interferon. To test whether the M2specific CAR are effective at recognizing influenza infected cells in vivo we used an established BALB/c murine infection model. At day 4 post-infection, when M2 CAR expressing splenocytes could be detected in the lung, the Influenza A/WSN/33 virus titre was around 50% of that in control mice. Although the lung virus titre later increased in the treated group, virus was cleared in both groups of mice by day 8. The results provide support for the development of M2e as a target for cell mediated immunotherapy.
Early identification of patients at risk for acute respiratory distress syndrome among severe pneumonia: a retrospective cohort study.

Background Severe pneumonia is the predominant cause for acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). Identification of ARDS from patients with severe pneumonia remains a significant clinical problem due to the overlap of clinical presentations and symptoms. Early recognition of risks for ARDS from severe pneumonia is of great clinical value. Methods From April 2014 to December 2015, patients with severe pneumonia at admission were retrieved from the hospital database, of which ARDS developed within 7 days were further identified. We compared the demographic and clinical characteristics at admission between severe pneumonia patients with and without ARDS development, followed by analysis of potential predictors for ARDS development and mortality. Multivariate logistic regression and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were performed to screen independent risk factors and identify their sensitivity in predicting ARDS development and prognosis. Results Compared with severe pneumonia without ARDS development, patients with ARDS development had shorter disease duration before admission, higher lung injury score (LIS), serum fibrinogen (FiB), and positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP), lower Marshall score, sequential organ failure assessment score and proportion of cardiovascular and gastrointestinal diseases, but similar mortality. Serum FiB >5.15 g/L [adjusted odds ratio (OR) 1.893, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.141-3.142, P=0.014] and PEEP >6.5 cmH2O (adjusted OR 1.651, 95% CI: 1.218-2.237, P=0.001) were independent predictors for ARDS development with a sensitivity of 58.3% and 87.5%, respectively, and pH <7.35 (adjusted OR 0.832, 95% CI: 0.702-0.985, P=0.033) was an independent risk factor for ARDS mortality with a sensitivity of 95.2%. Conclusions ARDS development risk could be early recognized by PEEP >6.5 cmH2O and serum FiB >5.15 g/L in severe pneumonia patients, and pH <7.35 is a reliable prognostic factor in predicting ARDS mortality risk.
Analysis of microarray data using multiobjective variable string length genetic fuzzy clustering

In this article, a novel multiobjective variable string length real coded genetic fuzzy clustering scheme for clustering microarray gene expression data has been proposed. The proposed technique automatically evolves the number of clusters along with the clustering result. The multiobjective variable string length clustering technique encodes the cluster centers in its chromosomes and simultaneously optimizes two fuzzy validity indices namely PBM index and Xie-Beni validity measure. In the final generation, it produces a set of non-dominated solutions, from which the best solution is selected using Silhouette index which is independent of the number of clusters. The corresponding chromosome length provides the number of clusters. The proposed method is applied on three publicly available real life gene expression data. Superiority of the proposed method over some other well known clustering algorithms has been demonstrated quantitatively.
Cost-effectiveness of cervical cancer screening strategies

Despite its low incidence in the developed world, cervical cancer is the second most common cancer among women worldwide and the third most common cause of cancer-related deaths. Screening saves lives. When diagnosed and treated in the preinvasive stage, 5-year survival probabilities approach 100%. This review addresses the cost-effectiveness of the various screening strategies commonly used worldwide. The starting age of screening, interval between screens and age of women at cessation of screening are the most important variables determining cost-effectiveness. While the traditional Pap test is still the most cost-effective screening method in most settings, human papillomavirus testing can improve outcomes at reasonable costs in certain high-risk populations.
Genetische Subgruppen und individuelle Krankheitsursache der Akuten Myeloischen Leukämie (AML)

Neuartige Sequenzierverfahren ermoglichen die systematische Identifikation von somatischen Mutationen in Tumorproben. Mittels Exomsequenzierung haben wir Subgruppen der Akuten Myeloischen Leukamie (AML) untersucht und spezifische Assoziationen von Mutationen entdeckt. Beispielsweise fanden wir Lasionen im CEBPA-GATA2 Transkriptionsfaktor-Komplex, welche die Aktivierung von Zielgenen storen. Auserdem identifizierten wir in der AML M4eo Subgruppe die N676K Mutation im FLT3-Rezeptor, deren wachstumssteigernder Effekt mit Tyrosinkinase-Inhibitoren gehemmt werden kann. AML Patienten mit Trisomie 13 zeigten einen sehr ungunstigen klinischen Verlauf sowie ein homogenes Mutationsprofil mit haufigen Mutationen in Spliceosomgenen. Bei der AML mit t(8;21) Translokation fanden wir haufige genetische Lasionen in ZBTB7A, die zu einer Deregulation des Tumorstoffwechsels fuhren. Weiterhin detektierten wir in den Sequenzdaten somatische Copy Number Alterations (CNAs), welche die zytogenetischen Befunde in der Routinediagnostik erganzen konnen. Die Veranderung der Mutationsprofile im Krankheitsverlauf war mit dem Rezidiv-freien Uberleben korreliert und wies auf Mechanismen der Therapieresistenz hin. Das Verstandnis der individuellen Krankheitsursache der AML liefert neue pharmakologische Angriffspunkte und bereitet den Weg fur masgeschneiderte Behandlungen.
Experimental results for a MIMO cube

This paper provides experimental and implementation details for a multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) cube antenna. Twelve dipole antennas with baluns are printed on six FR-4 printed-circuit-boards (PCB) forming a cube with volume less than 0.5 lambdao 3. Experimental results show that additional metallic strips configured on both sides of the PCB between two dipole antennas can improve antenna isolation significantly. The cube antenna exhibits an impedance bandwidth (VSWR les 2) of 27.14%. Measured radiation patterns and peak gain of the cube prototype are also provided. The MIMO cube capacity is found to be 55.9 b/s/Hz for a signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of 20 dB for our prototype
Immunosuppression caused by antigen feeding II. Suppressor T cells mask Peyer's patch B cell priming to orally administered antigen

Peyer's patch (PP) cells transferred into sublethally irradiated recipients generated substantial IgM, IgG and IgA anti‐sheep red blood cell (SRBC) plaque‐forming cell (PFC) responses in the recipient spleen. If donor mice were given SRBC orally for 4–5 weeks prior to transfer, the adoptively transferred PP IgG and IgA responses were considerably suppressed, although the IgM responses were often unaffected. Co‐injection of PP cells from antigen‐fed mice with PP cells from normal mice resulted in marked suppression of the normal PP IgG and IgA response. However, treatment of PP cells from antigen‐fed mice with anti‐Thy‐1.2 plus complement prior to cotransfer completely abrogated suppression of the IgG PFC response and partially abrogated the suppressed IgA response. B cells from the PP of antigen‐fed mice, when transferred into SRBC‐primed irradiated recipients (to provide T cell help) generated 2–3 times more IgG and IgA PFC than comparable numbers of B cells from the PP of normal mice. Thus antigen feeding generates suppressor T cells in PP which can mask the expression of B cell priming to orally administered antigen.
Immunosuppressive Properties of Calcium Channel Blockers

Calcium channel blockers are extensively used for their beneficial effects on the cardiovascular system. Solid organ transplant recipients commonly have cardiovascular disease and are often treated with these agents. Research demonstrates that calcium antagonists may have beneficial effects in this population that are independent of their effects on the cardiovascular system. Indeed, both in vitro and in vivo studies suggested that they may possess immunosuppressive properties. Their actions at the cellular level in both the afferent and efferent arms of the immune system indicate that alone, as well as in combination with cyclosporine, these agents possess immunosuppressive properties that may potentially benefit the transplant population.
VUME: The voluntary-use methodology for evaluations

In an attempt to better understand how controlled research results impact actual voluntary use of 3D user interfaces (3D Uls), we developed a new evaluation approach. Using this approach, we conducted two studies evaluating two head-mounted displays (HMDs) - a Sensics zSight and an Oculus Rift Development Kit 1 (DK1). The results of the first study indicate that the DK1 affords significantly better user performances. In the second study, we used a between-subjects design to determine if participants would voluntarily explore and interact with a virtual environment more with the DK1 than the zSight. We did not find a significant difference between the two HMDs, but statistically proved that the HMDs were equivalent. This indicates that results found in controlled evaluations do not always play a significant role in the voluntary use of a 3D UI.
Company Value with Ruin Constraint in a Discrete Model

Optimal dividend payment under a ruin constraint is a two objective control problem which—in simple models—can be solved numerically by three essentially different methods. One is based on a modified Bellman equation and the policy improvement method (see Hipp (2003)). In this paper we use explicit formulas for running allowed ruin probabilities which avoid a complete search and speed up and simplify the computation. The second is also a policy improvement method, but without the use of a dynamic equation (see Hipp (2016)). It is based on closed formulas for first entry probabilities and discount factors for the time until first entry. Third a new, faster and more intuitive method which uses appropriately chosen barrier levels and a closed formula for the corresponding dividend value. Using the running allowed ruin probabilities, a simple test for admissibility—concerning the ruin constraint—is given. All these methods work for the discrete De Finetti model and are applied in a numerical example. The non stationary Lagrange multiplier method suggested in Hipp (2016), Section 2.2. 2, also yields optimal dividend strategies which differ from those in all other methods, and Lagrange gaps are present here.
A Table Model for Circuit Simulation

Table models for SPICE-type circuit simulators have been investigated. A table model based on B-spline approximation has been implemented in our SPICE-based circuit simulator. It shows good convergence properties and allows significant reduction of model evaluation time on our vector computer. It will be used as a flexible interface between device simulation/measurements and circuit simulation in a low level CAD-system.
Diastolic myocardial dysfunction does not affect survival in patients with cirrhosis

Left ventricular diastolic dysfunction (DDF) has been considered as a component of cirrhotic cardiomyopathy. The clinical significance of DDF in cirrhotics has not been clarified. We prospectively evaluated the echocardiographic‐Doppler, tissue‐Doppler (TDI) findings of left ventricular function and survival in cirrhotics with or without DDF. Seventy‐six cirrhotics without endogenous heart disease were included. DDF was diagnosed by mitral inflow Doppler parameters and diastolic myocardial velocities. Assessments of demographics, liver dysfunction, laboratory, echocardiographic systolic/diastolic indices, TDI of mitral annular motion and M‐mode echocardiography were recorded. Patients were followed‐up for a median of 25 months (15–40). DDF was diagnosed in 51 (67%) patients. Patients with compared with those without DDF had significantly older age and higher pulse rate as well as more frequently severe ascites, greater aortic root diameter and interventricular septal thickness. There was no difference in systolic myocardial function between two groups. Patients with DDF had a trend for worse survival (long rank, P = 0.094). A multivariate analysis showed that age, MELD and sodium but no DDF were predictive of death. DDF is prevalent in advanced cirrhosis and is associated with severe ascites. Systolic myocardial function and mortality do not seem to be strongly affected by the presence of DDF.
Changes in composition and enamel demineralization inhibition activities of gallic acid at different pH values

Abstract Background. Gallic acid (GA) has been shown to inhibit demineralization and enhance remineralization of enamel; however, GA solution is highly acidic. This study was to investigate the stability of GA solutions at various pH and to examine the resultant effects on enamel demineralization. Methods. The stability of GA in H2O or in phosphate buffer at pH 5.5, pH 7.0 and pH 10.0 was evaluated qualitatively by ultraviolet absorption spectra and quantified by high performance liquid chromatography with diode array detection (HPLC-DAD). Then, bovine enamel blocks were subjected to a pH-cycling regime of 12 cycles. Each cycle included 5 min applications with one of the following treatments: 1 g/L NaF (positive control), 4 g/L GA in H2O or buffered at pH 5.5, pH 7.0 and pH 10.0 and buffers without GA at the same pH (negative control), followed by a 60 min application with pH 5.0 acidic buffers and a 5 min application with neutral buffers. The acidic buffers were analysed for dissolved calcium. Results. GA was stable in pure water and acidic condition, but was unstable in neutral and alkaline conditions, in which ultraviolet spectra changed and HPLC-DAD analysis revealed that most of the GA was degraded. All the GA groups significantly inhibited demineralization (p < 0.05) and there was no significant difference of the inhibition efficacy among different GA groups (p > 0.05). Conclusions. GA could inhibit enamel demineralization and the inhibition effect is not influenced by pH. GA could be a useful source as an anti-cariogenic agent for broad practical application.
Hamstring injuries have increased by 4% annually in men's professional football, since 2001: a 13-year longitudinal analysis of the UEFA Elite Club injury study

Background There are limited data on hamstring injury rates over time in football. Aim To analyse time trends in hamstring injury rates in male professional footballers over 13 consecutive seasons and to distinguish the relative contribution of training and match injuries. Methods 36 clubs from 12 European countries were followed between 2001 and 2014. Team medical staff recorded individual player exposure and time-loss injuries. Injuries per 1000 h were compared as a rate ratio (RR) with 95% CI. Injury burden was the number of lay off days per 1000 h. Seasonal trend for injury was analysed using linear regression. Results A total of 1614 hamstring injuries were recorded; 22% of players sustained at least one hamstring injury during a season. The overall hamstring injury rate over the 13-year period was 1.20 injuries per 1000 h; the match injury rate (4.77) being 9 times higher than the training injury rate (0.51; RR 9.4; 95% CI 8.5 to 10.4). The time-trend analysis showed an annual average 2.3% year on year increase in the total hamstring injury rate over the 13-year period (R2=0.431, b=0.023, 95% CI 0.006 to 0.041, p=0.015). This increase over time was most pronounced for training injuries—these increased by 4.0% per year (R2=0.450, b=0.040, 95% CI 0.011 to 0.070, p=0.012). The average hamstring injury burden was 19.7 days per 1000 h (annual average increase 4.1%) (R2=0.437, b=0.041, 95% CI 0.010 to 0.072, p=0.014). Conclusions Training-related hamstring injury rates have increased substantially since 2001 but match-related injury rates have remained stable. The challenge is for clubs to reduce training-related hamstring injury rates without impairing match performance.
Innovation pédagogique en cours de français à l'université et son impact sur les compétences en langue écrite : un apprentissage différent ?

Dans une formation a l’intention de futurs professeurs des ecoles, nous avons compare deux modes pedagogiques differents traitant d’un meme contenu dans un enseignement de remise a niveau en francais en Licence 1[1]. Nous cherchions a determiner s’il existe un impact sur les apprentissages selon le mode innovant de la classe inversee et qui serait different de celui obtenu avec un mode plus classique, non innovant. Les resultats de notre recherche font etat de meilleures performances avec le mode inverse, ainsi que d’un profil d’erreur different pour les deux groupes testes. Ces resultats sont interpretes dans le cadre de la theorie d’apprentissage de flexibilite representationnelle ainsi que celui du changement conceptuel. [1]Le cursus de Licence correspond a celui du Baccalaureat canadien et Licence 1 (ou L1) fait reference a la premiere annee de ce cursus.
Giftedness

Gifted children, those with unusually high ability in one or more domains, not only develop more rapidly than typical children, but also appear to be qualitatively different. They have an intense drive to master, require little explicit tuition, and, if intellectually gifted, often pose deep philosophical questions. Although some psychologists have tried to account for the achievements of gifted individuals solely in terms of drive or “deliberate practice,” no evidence allows us to rule out innate differences in talent. Profiles of gifted individuals are often uneven: Extremely high ability in one area can coexist with ordinary or even subnormal ability in another area. Scientific investigation of the gifted reveals the importance of drive and hard work in achievement of any kind, and the lack of necessary correlation among abilities in different areas.
Renal Hypoxia Modeling oxygen consumption in the proximal tubule : effects of NHE and SGLT 2 inhibition

Anita T. Layton, Volker Vallon, and Aurélie Edwards Department of Mathematics, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina; Departments of Medicine and Pharmacology, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, and San Diego Veterans Affairs Healthcare System, San Diego, California; and Sorbonne Universités, Université Pierre et Marie Curie (UMPC) 06, Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, INSERM UMRS 1138, CNRS ERL 8228, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Paris, France