Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
El Two-Color Kodachrome y su inserción en The Llight in the Dark (Clarence Brown, 1922): primera y única exhibición pública del proceso experimental de color en un largometraje comercial

El Two-Color Kodachrome fue un proceso experimental de color de la Eastman Kodak Company, inventado por John G. Capstaff (en 1913 para fotografia fija y desde finales de 1914 adaptado al celuloide), y el primer metodo fotoquimico de color sustractivo que se aplico a la cinematografia. Se introdujo en un unico largometraje comercial, que supuso a la vez la primera exhibicion publica del sistema: The Light in the Dark (Clarence Brown, 1922). Pese a las buenas criticas, despues quedo restringido a la experimentacion dentro de la compania y a cortometrajes. Este articulo examina el sistema de color en si mismo, asi como el modo en que se inserto en la pelicula, de la que no han sobrevivido ni su negativo original ni la unica copia que existio de ella en Kodachrome. Esto ultimo se realiza a traves de la confrontacion de material de archivo inedito y de testimonios de pruebas en Kodachrome simultaneas al rodaje del film. Conocemos asi como fueron las imagenes en color de la pelicula y el estado de desarrollo exacto del sistema en 1922. Se examina tambien la evolucion posterior del Kodachrome y su ausencia de exito para su adopcion por parte de los estudios de Hollywood. Abstract: Two-Color Kodachrome was a color experimental process from the Eastman Kodak Company, invented by John G. Capstaff (in 1913 for still photography and since the end of 1914 adapted to motion pictures) , and it was the first photochemical method in a subtractive color system applied to cinematography. It was introduced in an only one commercial feature, which meant at the same time the first public exhibition of the system: The Light in the Dark (Clarence Brown, 1922). Despite obtaining good reviews, later the system was restricted to the experimentation within the company and shorts. This article examines the color system by itself, as well as the way in which the color was inserted into the film, of which neither the original negative nor the only print of it that included the Kodachrome have survived. Principio del formulario The latter is carried out through the confrontation of unpublished archival material and examples of existing tests that were filmed in Kodachrome simultaneously to the shooting of the picture. This way we can know how the color images of the film were, as well as the exact state of development on the system in 1922. It is also examined the subsequent evolution of Kodachrome and its lack of success in being used by the Hollywood studios. Palabras clave: Two-Color Kodachrome; Kodak; John G. Capstaff; George Eastman; Jules Brulatour; The Light in the Dark (Clarence Brown, 1922). Keywords : Two-Color Kodachrome; Kodak; John G. Capstaff; George Eastman; Jules Brulatour; The Light in the Dark (Clarence Brown, 1922).
A Vascular Approach to Glaucoma

Despite the tremendous impact of glaucoma on the vision of our elderly population, the mechanisms of glaucomatous neuropathy have not been fully elucidated. Intra-ocular pressure (IOP) has been convincingly identified as the main risk factor for glaucoma development and progression, and IOP lowering, therefore, is the hallmark of glaucoma therapy. However, a certain proportion of glaucoma patients continue to show disease progression despite “optimal” IOP control. This observation has been a great motivation for the quest for discovering pathogenic mechanisms beyond IOP. Besides IOP, glaucomatous optic neuropathy has also been associated with various causes of impaired blood flow, such as hypotension, migraine or peripheral vasospasm, and laboratory evidence of ocular and systemic vasodysregulation. These observations support the idea that the eye being treated for glaucoma is likely part of a wider systemic dysfunction, particularly blood flow dysregulation. The ophthalmologist with interest in glaucoma is thus confronted with the need to know what to recognise as a vascular risk factor, how to diagnose vascular dysfunction, which tools are available to study it and what the possibilities for improving such blood flow impairment are. To better understand the complexity and systemic nature of this multifactorial neuropathy, ophthalmologists must look beyond the eye.
Fuzzy Synthetic Evaluation on Allocation Efficiency of Enterprise Information Resource

 Abstract—The allocation efficiency of enterprise information resource positively correlates with the core competitiveness of an enterprise in the information age. Relying on introducing the Fuzzy Synthetic Evaluation method, the paper establishes an indictor system to explore how to evaluate the allocation efficiency of enterprise information resource. In order to demonstrate the validity of the method, an empirical study was carried out by inviting 20 participants from an enterprise to take a field survey, and it guarantees initial date concerning evaluation indicator is scientific and objective. Some valuable findings of the paper can help managers of the enterprise to identify the weakness and the strength concerning the allocation of enterprise information resource.
Radiation Effect on Mixed Convection Flow of a Micropolar Fluid over an Unsteady Stretching Surface with Viscous Dissipation and Heat Generation

The unsteady, two dimensional, mixed convection flow of an viscous incompressible electrically conducting micropolar fluid over a vertical and impermeable stretching surface in the presence of Heat source/sink and radiation when the buoyancy force assists and opposes the flow has been studied. Using the similarity transformations, the governing equations have been transformed into a system of ordinary differential equations. These differential equations are highly nonlinear which cannot be solved analytically. Therefore, forth order Runge-Kutta method along with shooting technique has been used for solving it. Numerical results are obtained for the skin-friction coefficient, the couple wall stress and the local Nusselt number as well as the velocity, microrotation and temperature profiles for different values of the governing parameters, namely, material parameter, unsteadiness parameter, heat source/sink parameter, radiation parameter and Eckert number.
General relativistic satellite astrometry - II. Modeling parallax and proper motion

The non-perturbative general relativistic approach to global astrometry introduced by de Felice et al. ([CITE]) is here extended to account for the star motions on the Schwarzschild celestial sphere. A new expression of the observables, i.e. angular distances among stars, is provided, which takes into account the effects of parallax and proper motions. This dynamical model is then tested on an end-to-end simulation of the global astrometry mission GAIA. The results confirm the findings of our earlier work, which applied to the case of a static (angular coordinates only) sphere. In particular, measurements of large arcs among stars (each measurement good to ~$100 \mu$arcsec, as expected for $V\sim17$ mag stars) repeated over an observing period comparable to the mission lifetime foreseen for GAIA, can be modeled to yield estimates of positions, parallaxes, and annual proper motions good to ~$15 \mu$arcsec. This second round of experiments confirms, within the limitations of the simulation and the assumptions of the current relativistic model, that the space-born global astrometry initiated with Hipparcos can be pushed down to the 10 -5 arcsec accuracy level proposed with the GAIA mission. Finally, the simplified case we have solved can be used as reference for testing the limiting behavior of more realistic models as they become available.
Improved low-voltage-ride-through capability of fixed-speed wind turbines using decentralised control of STATCOM with energy storage system

The design and implementation of a new control scheme for reactive power compensation, voltage regulation and transient stability enhancement for wind turbines equipped with fixed-speed induction generators (IGs) in large interconnected power systems is presented in this study. The low-voltage-ride-through (LVRT) capability is provided by extending the range of the operation of the controlled system to include typical post-fault conditions. A systematic procedure is proposed to design decentralised multi-variable controllers for large interconnected power systems using the linear quadratic (LQ) output-feedback control design method and the controller design procedure is formulated as an optimisation problem involving rank-constrained linear matrix inequality (LMI). In this study, it is shown that a static synchronous compensator (STATCOM) with energy storage system (ESS), controlled via robust control technique, is an effective device for improving the LVRT capability of fixed-speed wind turbines.
Physics in Resonant Transmission on the Small Aperture Coupling

hole (or aperture) or through arrays of subwavelength holes in metal films have spurred on intense research activities into understanding and utilizing this phenomenon. The main findings of those recent works are that elliptical or rectangular holes can dramatically influence on the intensity of the transmission. Later, the origin of the transmission resonance was explained with a theory that incorporated the coupling between the modes inside the hole with the free-space regions on either side of the film. The physical nature of this effect was attributed to a Fabry-Perot like resonance due to multiple reflections of the mode within the hole at the interfaces with the free-space regions. Also, in the area of near-field optical applications such as optical data storage, nanolithography, and nano-microscopy, the high-transmission mechanism of the C-shaped aperture was investigated by testing the aperture transmission response for various values of the ridge geometries of the C-aperture [1]. Though the two transmission resonance structures – the Fabry-Perot like resonance structure and the C-shaped aperture structure – seem to be quite different, they share common features from the viewpoint of the transmission resonance phenomena which has not been recognized fully. Hence, we are going to discuss the common features between the two structures with main interest centering on the transmission resonance phenomena.
How Effective Is the Nuclear Norm Heuristic in Solving Data Approximation Problems

Abstract The question in the title is answered empirically by solving instances of three classical problems: fitting a straight line to data, fitting a real exponent to data, and system identification in the errors-in-variables setting. The results show that the nuclear norm heuristic performs worse than alternative problem dependant methods—ordinary and total least squares, Kung's method, and subspace identification. In the line fitting and exponential fitting problems, the globally optimal solution is known analytically, so that the suboptimality of the heuristic methods is quantified.
Estimating the Abundance of Nesting Rusty Blackbirds in Relation to Wetland Habitats in Alaska

Abstract. We used double sampling to estimate densities of Rusty Blackbird (Euphagus carolinus) nests among boreal wetlands in Anchorage and Tanana Flats, Alaska, 2007–2008. We also assessed habitat selection by examining the number and location of nests relative to the availability of various wetland types. We rapidly surveyed 78 sample units for adult Rusty Blackbirds and intensively searched for nests in a subset of 55 units to determine actual numbers of nests. Rapid surveys detected 97% of the 75 nests when we restricted counts to pairs and lone females. They overestimated nest numbers by 17% when we included in the counts lone males, which sometimes made long flights within and between sample units. Nest densities in sampled wetlands averaged 2.2 and 3.4 nests km 2 in Anchorage and Tanana Flats, respectively, surprisingly similar despite wetlands being rare in Anchorage. An abundance of wetlands made identifying important breeding habitats difficult on the Tanana Flats, where blackbirds used most wetland types in relation to their availability and avoided wetlands with low shrubs. Habitat selection was clearer in Anchorage, where ponds, lakes, and wetlands with emergent vegetation were positive predictors of nest abundance. In this area blackbirds also selected forested wetlands and avoided upland habitats for nest sites. An affinity for open water has been noted throughout the Rusty Blackbird's breeding range. Research is needed to understand whether this affinity is due to specialized food requirements and to assess whether this species is vulnerable to widespread drying of wetlands across boreal Alaska.
Radio Vortex Wireless Communications With Non-Coaxial UCA Transceiver

In the past decade, more and more researchers have concentrated on orbital-angular-momentum (OAM) based radio vortex wireless communications, which is expected to provide orthogonality among different OAM-modes. The uniform circular array (UCA) is considered as one promising antenna structure for OAM based radio vortex wireless communications. However, most studies regarding UCA focus on the scenario where the transmit and receive UCAs are aligned with each other. In this paper, we investigate the radio vortex wireless communications with non-coaxial UCA, i.e., the UCA transceivers are parallel but non-coaxial. We study the channel model and develop the mode-decomposition scheme to decompose the OAM-modes. Then, we discuss the impact of included angles on the channel model under non-coaxial scenario. Numerical results are presented to evaluate our developed scheme and show that the spectrum efficiency of the non-coaxial UCA transceiver in some cases is larger than that of the aligned UCA transceiver based radio vortex wireless communications.
Pedagogies and Practices in Multilingual Classrooms: Singularities in Pluralities

Bilingual classrooms most often have strict language arrangements about when and who should speak what language to whom. This practice responds to diglossic arrangements and models of bilingualism developed in the 20th century. However, in the 21st century, heteroglossic bilingual conceptualizations are needed in which the complex discursive practices of multilingual students, their translanguagings, are used in sense-making and in tending to the singularities in the pluralities that make up multilingual classrooms today. Examining the case of a network of U.S. secondary schools for newcomer immigrants, the International High Schools, this article looks at how students' plurilingual abilities are built through seven principles that support dynamic plurilingual practices in instruction-heterogeneity, collaboration, learner-centeredness, language and content integration, language use from students up, experiential learning, and local autonomy and responsibility. As a result, students become not only more knowledgeable and academically successful but also more confident users of academic English, better at translanguaging, and more plurilingual-proficient. The article presents translanguaging in education as the constant adaptation of linguistic resources in the service of meaning-making and in tending to the singularities in the pluralities that make up multilingual classrooms today. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Estimation methods in panel data models with observed and unobserved components: a Monte Carlo study

Recently some new techniques have been proposed for the estimation of the slope coefficients in presence of unobserved components. Though, the presence of common observed and unobserved factors is neither considered or the estimation of their impacts is not taken into account. In this work a range of estimators is surveyed and their finite-sample properties are examined by means of Monte Carlo experiments. We consider both the properties of estimators for the individual specific components and for the observed common effects.
Mining and Integration of Structured and Unstructured Electronic Clinical Data for Dementia Detection

Dementia is an increasing problem for the aging population that incurs high medical costs, in part due to the lack of available treatment options. Accordingly, early detection is critical to potentially postpone symptoms and to prepare both healthcare providers and families for a patient’s management needs. Current detection methods are typically costly or unreliable, and could greatly benefit from improved recognition of early dementia markers. Identification of such markers may be possible through computational analysis of patients’ electronic clinical records. Prior work on has focused on structured data (e.g. test results), but these records often also contain natural language (text) data in the form of patient histories, visit summaries, or other notes, which may be valuable for disease prediction. This thesis has three main goals: to incorporate analysis of the aforementioned electronic medical texts into predictive models of dementia development, to explore the use of topic modeling as a form of interpretable dimensionality reduction to improve prediction and to characterize the texts, and to integrate these models with ones using structured data. This kind of computational modeling could be used in an automated screening system to identify and flag potentially problematic patients for assessment by clinicians. Results support the potential for unstructured clinical text data both as standalone predictors of dementia status when structured data are missing, and as complements to structured data.
The Ubiquity of Prophylactic Rules

The Supreme Court's opinion in Miranda v. Arizona' does not even look like an ordinary opinion. As many critics have commented, it reads more like a legislative committee report with an accompanying statute.2 As if that were not enough, the Court has, since Miranda, repeatedly said that the Miranda rules are not required by the self-incrimination clause of the fifth amendment but are judge-made rules designed to implement that provision.3 Against this background, it is not surprising to find Miranda under attack not just as wrong but as "illegitimate. " Professor Grano, for example, argues that "prophylactic rules" like Miranda's always raise questions of legitimacy; and that even if prophylactic rules are sometimes legitimate, Miranda's prophylactic rule is not.4 I want first to suggest that Professor Grano is mistaken in his argument that what the Court did in Miranda is different from, and less legitimate than, what it does when it prescribes the kind of prophylactic rules that he finds legitimate. Then I will make a broader argument-that "prophylactic" rules are not exceptional measures of questionable legitimacy but are a central and necessary feature of constitutional law. Indeed, constitutional law consists, to a significant degree, in the elaboration of doctrines that are universally accepted as legitimate, but that have the same "prophylactic" character as the Miranda rule. "
Satellite Sensor-Based Evaluation of Air Pollutants Concentration: A Case Study of Abuja, Nigeria

This study investigated air pollution high risk zones with hot spot map of air quality status in Abuja, the Federal Capital Territory of Nigeria. The study period was 2013. The research utilized satellite imagery from NigeriaSat-X 2011 with spectral ranges 0.7-0.9 μm, 0.63-0.69 μm and 0.52-0.62 μm of band 2, 3, 4. Using a geographic information system (GIS), the study developed a relationship between air pollutants and the land use/ land cover of Abuja city. These pollutants include carbon (ii) oxide (CO), and sulphur (iv) oxide (SO2), nitrogen (iv) oxide (NO2) and ozone (O3). The concentrations of the pollutants were obtained from satellite sensors for six (6) measuring locations classified into industrial, commercial, residential and traffic point, distributed within the city of Abuja. The results indicated that the most polluted area was identified as Idu. Using statistical analysis, the study also established a relationship between the concentration of air pollutants and the land use/ land cover classification (industrial, commercial, residential and traffic point) for Abuja city. The result obtained from this study provided substantial evidence to suggest a strong link between air pollutants derived from satellite sensor and land use/land cover (LU/LC).
Van Noord tot Noordwest: Een studie naar de berging van baggerspecie op loswallen

Tot juni 1996 werd baggerspecie uit het Rijnmondgebied op Loswal Noord gestort. Deze baggerspecie heeft het al bodemleven op de loswal bedolven dat daardoor grotendeels verdwenen is. In de vier jaar na juni 1996 is het bodemleven grotendeels teruggekeerd, vooral wat betreft de kleinere organismen. Het bodemleven is echter nog niet op hetzelfde niveau als in de referentiegebieden. Van de hogere gebieden van Loswal Noord is het slib< 63 ? m grotendeels verdwenen. Zoals verwacht mag worden voldoet de resterende baggerspecie op de loswal aan de norm, die gesteld is aan baggerspecie die op zee gestort mag worden, de zg. Uniforme Gehalte Toets (UGT). De resterende baggerspecie heeft geen toxische effecten op bodemorganismen. Het retourpercentage van baggerspecie vanaf Loswal Noord is volgens modelonderzoek uit 1999 44 ± 22 %. In 1995 is een nieuwe locatie aangewezen als toekomstige stortlocatie, nl. Loswal Noordwest, omdat het retourpercentage hier lager zou zijn dan vanaf Loswal Noord. Voordat op Loswal Noordwest werd gestort, was dit deel van de zeebodem niet te onderscheiden van de omringende zeebodem. Nadat in juni 1996 begonnen werd met het storten van baggerspecie, verdween het leven op de zeebodem van de stortlocatie grotendeels. Tot op 4 km afstand van de stortplaats was invloed op het zeebodemleven merkbaar. Op een stortvak waar niet meer gestort werd, keerden sommige organismen weer terug. Ook hier voldoet, uiteraard, de resterende baggerspecie op de loswal aan de norm. Voor de kosten van het baggeren is de omvang van het wegstroompercentage en retourpercentage van belang. Deze stromen zijn gekwantificeerd. Het wegstroom- en retourpercentage van baggerspecie vanaf Loswal Noordwest bedraagt 50,4 respectievelijk 17,4 %. Voor slib< 63 ? m zijn deze percentages 77,9 en 27,0 %. Deze waarden liggen hoger dan in het milieu-effectrapport uit 1995 verondersteld was. Er werd destijds voorspeld dat er geen retourtransport naar vaargeul en haven zou plaatsvinden. De gemeten waarden in dit rapport worden grotendeels ondersteund door latere modelberekeningen. Na het verplaatsen van de loswal 'van Noord tot Noordwest' is een afname van de baggerinspanning in vaargeul en haven geconstateerd van ongeveer 40 % van de opgezogen hoeveelheid baggerspecie, hoewel ook andere ingrepen invloed hebben gehad op de baggerinspanning.