Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Is visuomotor training an effective intervention for children with autism spectrum disorders?

Purpose Investigation of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is somewhat dependent on addressing main core features of ASD. But it is not clear which kind of investigation can effect on more difficulties features. So, this study examines the effect of the visuomotor, motor, and computer-based training programs on social behavior, motor skills, and repetitive behaviors of children with ASD. Patients and methods Sixty children with ASD aged 6-12 years were recruited and assigned to one of the three experimental groups and the control group (each group n=15). Training was provided in 30 sessions, scheduled 3 times a week. Social behavior and repetitive behaviors were determined objectively using the observation method, and motor skills were evaluated by the Test of Gross Motor Development-2. Results Our results suggested that children in the visuomotor group showed a significant reduction in the repetitive behaviors and an increase in gross motor skill scores in the post-test and follow-up. Also, the results exhibited that motor training group significantly improved in social behavior either in the post-test or follow-up. Although the post-test illustrated a considerable improvement of gross motor skills, this difference was not significant in follow-up. Similarly, no significant change was observed in visual training and control groups in relation to study variables. Conclusion Given the improvement of repetitive behaviors and gross motor skills in post-test and follow-up, it seems that this investigation had a positive effect with a good retention effect on two core features of children with ASD. But according to group-based training protocol in motor training group and improvement in social communication, and mutual effect on gross motor skills, it seems that group-based practice can also be used to achieve the benefits of social communication in the investigations.
PERCEPTIONS OF SECONDARY SCHOOL FEMALE STUDENTS ON THE INTRODUCTION OF (MVC) IN IMPROVING ENGLISH VOCABULARY SKILLS

This study investigates the perceptions of secondary school female students on the introduction of Multimedia Vocabulary Courseware (MVC) in teaching vocabulary skills. The study population comprises 45 female students from the Saudi Arabia secondary school in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia . Questionnaire was used to collect data for the study. The data collected were analyzed using frequency counts and percentage. It was found that there is a high perception of female students of Saudi – Arabia secondary school in introduction and usage of multimedia vocabulary courseware (MVC) in improving their vocabulary skills.
The role of oxidative stress in the development of congestive heart failure (CHF) in broilers with pulmonary hypertension syndrome (PHS)

The present study examined the possible role of reactive oxygen species in the pathogenesis of heart failure in broilers. Our experiment was conducted with 160 one–day-old male broilers (Ross 308) to investigate the mechanisms of cell injury in the pathogenesis of pulmonary hypertension syndrome. The chickens were divided into two groups of four replicates each, with 20 chicks per replicate. One group was raised in normal temperature (NT) while the other group was raised in cold temperature (CT) to induce the pulmonary hypertension syndrome. Mortality was inspected to determine cause of death and diagnose heart failure. Hematological, biochemical and pathological tests were used to determine the incidence of PHS: total red blood cell (RBC), hemoglobin (HGB), hematocrit (HCT), activity of alanine transaminase (ALT), aspartate transaminase (AST) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH). Malondialdehyde (MDA) was used as an indicator of lipid oxidation, subsequent to generated oxidative stress. Samples of blood and liver tissue were taken at day 21 and 42 of age. At the end of the experiment (week 6), 2 chicks from each replicate were randomly selected and slaughtered. The heart was removed, the right ventricle was dissected away from the left ventricle and septum, and the ratio of right ventricle weight to total ventricle weight (RV/TV) was calculated. The results of our experiment indicated the significant difference between the two groups for RBC and HGB and for RBC, HGB and HCT at days 21 and 42 of age, respectively. However, there was no significant difference for activity of ALT, AST and LDH in plasma between the groups at day 21 of age. but CT birds had higher levels (p < 0.05) AST, ALT and LDH activities in plasma as compared with other birds. MDA content of plasma and liver was significantly higher (p < 0.05) in CT group at both ages. RV/TV ratio and mortality due to ascites were significantly higher in CT birds. In conclusion, heart failure and subsequent PHS can be associated with oxidative stress.
A definition for coaching in medical education

Consider world champion tennis player Roger Federer. As the number 1 ranked tennis player for a record 310 weeks, he represents one of the most successful professional athletes of our time. To what does he owe his success? While he undoubtedly possesses a remarkable amount of self-motivation, dedication, and athleticism; there is another factor to consider: he has a coach. In fact, he has a team of coaches who work on every aspect of his game with a common goal of performance enhancement. In a recent tribute to his coaches on social media, Federer wrote “Could never have been the oldest #1 without my team. Thank you to everyone who has helped me along the way”. 1
Monolayer formed by l-Asp-based gemini surfactants self-assembled in 1D nanostructures

Herein, studies on the surface activities of newly synthesized l-Asp-based gemini surfactants, both nonionic and anionic, are presented. Conductometry, tensiometry, and the Langmuir–Blodgett (LB) film technique were applied for this purpose. π–A isotherms were obtained with a Langmuir trough and Wilhelmy balance. The structures of the monolayers assembled at the air/water interface and those deposited as LB films were studied via Brewster angle microscopy (BAM) and atomic force microscopy (AFM). The 2D films formed by the anion-active compounds show a well-known pattern of a monolayer film, whereas the nonionogenic amphiphiles have been found to be 1D structures with nano-widths and micro-lengths that align with each other during the process of compression; this is the first study where the organization of 1D fibrils in 2D films during compression is reported. The scanning electron microscopy (SEM) study reveals that 1D nanostructure formation is an intrinsic tendency of these molecules as not only nonionogenic surfactants, but also the anion active representatives have been constructed in the solid state by fibrillary structures.
Looking back: twenty years of reforming undergraduate medical training and curriculum frameworks in Switzerland

Introduction: To date, hardly any reports exist that outline the reforms in medical studies in Switzerland from the first partial reforms in the 1970s until today. Methods: This article outlines the recent history of medical curricula, their reforms in the early 1970s and, based on these, the key reasons for the major curricular reforms of the 2000s from the perspective of the authors. Results: The various projects, initiatives and legislative elements at the national level include the introduction of new quality control instruments – federal examination and programme accreditation, the introduction of a national catalogue of learning objectives and its two follow-up editions, as well as the implementation of the Bologna reform in undergraduate medical curricula. Examples of the key new elements found in all medical training in Switzerland include: the interdisciplinary orientation of learning content in organ and functional system-oriented subject areas or modules, the enhanced valorisation of practical clinical training, as well as the introduction of problem-oriented formats and the integration of partly formative, partly summative exams according to the format of the objective structured practical examination (OSCE). Characteristics unique to the four medical faculties and their medical training programme are also highlighted. Discussion: The described projects, initiatives and legislative elements have led to a dynamic, continuous development of medical curricula in Switzerland. The close cooperation between the faculties and the Federal Office of Public Health (FOPH) has also resulted in a redefinition of the roles and responsibilities of universities and the Federal Government according to the new Law on Medical Professions. This guarantees the medical faculties a great deal of autonomy, without neglecting quality assurance.
TBARS LEVEL IN SOCIOECONOMICAL POOR RURAL SICKLE CELL PATIENTS OF BILASPUR ZONE OF CHHATTISGARH STATE

Sickle cell disease (SCD) is an inherited disorder of hemoglobin synthesis and the oxidative stress has major role in the pathogenesis of SCD. Thiobarbituric acid reactive substances formation by lipid peroxidation is a marker of oxidative damage in membrane.The study was under taken to measure the oxidative stress in sickle cell patients of Chhattisgarh rural population because of low natural antioxidants in their diet. The patients of sickle cell anemia group (homozygous, n=9) and sickle cell trait (heterozygous, n=21) shows TBARS level 2.28±0. 66µM/l and 2.23±0. 7µM/l respectively as compared to control (without S.C.D) 1.25±0. 41µM/l. the study shows TBARS concentration is approximately double in sickle cell disease than control.
Summary report on doctoral experience in the UniOGS graduate school at the University of Oulu

This report is part of the research-based development of doctoral training in the UniOGS graduate school, at the University of Oulu. It aims to contribute research-based evidence pertaining to the development of doctoral education in the UniOGS graduate school at the University of Oulu by exploring the doctoral experience in the UniOGS, and the primary regulators of the doctoral journey. The data reported here were collected with the doctoral experience survey from doctoral students of UniOGS graduate school. Doctoral students’ experiences of doctoral training were analysed in terms of three complementary aspects of the training: the doctoral dissertation process, supervision, and doctoral studies. The report consists of a summary of the results based on data collected from doctoral students at the University of Oulu in April 2015.
Clinical Study of Platelet Count and Hemoglobin Concentration in Hypertensive Pregnant Women and Normotensive Pregnant Women

To estimate the platelet count, hemoglobin concentration and heart rate in pregnant women with Pregnancy Induced Hypertension (PIH) and to determine how they differ in normotesive pregnant women. The 50 study subjects comprise normotensive pregnant women and pregnant women with PIH. Group I includes normotensive pregnant woman and group II includes pregnant woman with PIH. Exclusion criteria for selection of subjects: Diabetes Mellitus, Liver diseases, renal diseases, subjects under drug therapy. The platelet count is done by using Mindray Auto Hematology Analyzer BC-3000 plus. Hemoglobin concentration is estimated by using Spectro Photometry Method. Heart rate is measured with E.C. G. P value is calculated by using Students paired ttest. Platelet count is decreased in test group than that of control group. Hemoglobin concentration level is decreased in test group than that of control group.
Review of Intra-Abdominal Abscess in Crohn's Disease

Crohn's disease is an idiopathic chronic transmural inflammatory condition of the intestine. Common complications include intestinal obstruction, internal and external fistulae, and spontaneous abcess formation. Intra- abdominal abscess affects 7-28% of patients with Crohn's disease. This discussion will provide an overview of intra- abdominal abscess in Crohn's disease focusing on risk factors, clinical features, evaluation and management.
Dense lamellar scaffold, biomimetically inspired, for reverse cardiac remodeling: Effect of proanthocyanidins and glutaraldehyde

Abstract Regenerative medicine is an emerging field that aims in healing damaged tissue. The choice of the crosslinking agent is one of the most critical requirements for the development of three-dimensional scaffold devices. This study aimed to investigate the effects of proanthocyanidins (PA) and glutaraldehyde (GA) associated with plastic compression method on the properties of the dense lamellar. The physiomechanical and physical–chemical properties of the scaffolds were evaluated. The antioxidant activity was investigated by 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl method; viability and proliferation cellular were evaluated by 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazolyl-2)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide and imaging cytometer (H9c2 cells). The effect of the crosslinking agents modified the physiomechanical properties but did not modify the mucoadhesion properties. Proanthocyanidin-scaffold has the ability to bind water’s molecule and to reduce the space between polymeric chains. Proanthocyanidin-scaffold and GA scaffold showed, respectively, 44 and 17% of antioxidant activity. Both crosslinking agents did not influence the viability and proliferation of H9c2 cells. Considering the anisotropic structure, and the physiomechanical properties, cellular compatibility, and protective action against reactive oxygen species, this study may provide a way to improve the inverse modulation of heart tissue, after infarct acute of the myocardium. Graphical Abstract Highlights Tissue engineering has emerged as a promising alternative for cardiac regeneration. Dense lamellar scaffolds were obtained by plastic compression method. Crosslinking agent was important to modulate the physicochemical properties. Biomimetic properties as anisotropy and elasticity were obtained. The study may provide a way to improve the inverse remodulation of heart tissue.
Investigating the role of Amyloid Precursor-Like Protein 2 in Motor Neurone Disease

II DECLARATION . IV PREFACE . V ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS . VI PUBLICATIONS & CONFERENCES . VIII TABLE OF CONTENTS . IX ABBREVIATIONS . XII LIST OF FIGURES . XV LIST OF TABLES . XVII CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION . 1 1.1 Motor Neurone Disease. 1 1.1.1 Epidemiology, diagnosis and treatment of MND . 1 1.1.2 Sex differences in MND . 3 1.1.3 Risks factors of MND . 3 1.1.4 Genetics of MND . 4 1.2 SOD1 transgenic models of MND . 9 1.2.1 SOD1-G37R mouse models . 10 1.3 Neuropathology of MND: Proposed mechanisms of motor neurons degeneration . 11 1.3. 1 Protein aggregation. 13 1.3. 2 Glutamate toxicity . 17 1.3. 3 Mitochondrial dysfunction . 17 1.4 Motor unit dysfunction in MND and ageing . 18 1.4. 1 Structure of a motor unit . 18 1.5 The Amyloid Precursor Protein Family . 25 1.5. 1 Functional Domains of APP, APLP1 and APLP2 . 25 1.5. 2 Expression of APP, APLP1 and APLP2 . 27 1.5. 3 Proteolytic processing of APP, APLP1 and APLP2 . 28 1.5. 4 Functions of APP, APLP1 and APLP2: Evidence from knockout studies . 32 1.5. 5 The pleiotropic functions of APLP2 . 36 1.6 APP family and MND: Rationale of the present study . 37 1.7 Hypothesis and Aims . 39 CHAPTER 2: MATERIAL AND METHODS . 40 2.1 Animals . 40 2.1.1 APP-/and APLP2-/mice . 41 2.1.2 SOD1-G37R and non-transgenic mice . 41 2.1.3 Control mice . 41 2.1.4 SOD1:APLP2-/mice colony . 41 2.2 Mouse genotyping . 43 x 2.3 Animal monitoring and behavioral analysis. 45 2.3. 1 Animal monitoring . 45 2.3. 2 Neurological scoring . 46 2.3. 3 Rotarod . 48 2.3. 4 Stride length assay . 49 2.3. 5 DigiGait analysis . 50 2.4 Animal end-point . 54 2.4. 1 Defining animal end-point . 54 2.4. 2 Killing and Perfusion. 54 2.4. 3 Dissection and tissue preparation . 55 2.5 Histological analysis . 57 2.5. 1 Nissl staining of spinal cord sections . 57 2.5. 2 ATPase staining for muscle tissue . 58 2.5. 3 Immunofluorescence . 59 2.5. 4 Immunocytochemistry . 61 2.6 Biochemical Analysis. 63 2.6. 1 SDS-PAGE electrophoresis . 63 2.6. 2 Western blot procedure . 64 2.7 Statistical analysis . 66 CHAPTER 3: ANALYSIS OF MOTOR FUNCTION, MOTOR NEURON FORMATION AND MUSCLE FIBRE COMPOSITION OF APP-/AND APLP2/MICE DURING AGEING . 67 3.
Biomolecular interaction simulation of supramolecular topologies of organometallic assemblies of Bi(V) with antibiotic Tetracycline Amoxicillin drugs and their experimental activities evaluation

Antibiotic drugs i.e. tetracycline and amoxicillin, were used mixed ligands (ML), for designing, architecturing, tailoring and synthesis for synthesis of supramolecular topologies of organometallic assemblies of Bi(V), represented as OMCs-Bi(V), having O 5 set for bonding. Molecular models were proposed as a standard to judge specific interactions in topologies of molecules of ML and derived organometallic assemblies. In OMCs-Bi(V), on chelation, polarity of Bi(V) get reduced to great extent due to overlap of ML orbital. As a result, delocalization of π-electrons density clouds get spread over the surface of chelating ring and enhances penetration power of OMCs-Bi(V) into lipid membranes. This influenced binding with enzyme sites in microorganisms. Some electron set for bonding groups present in ligands moieties display extensive biological activity that may be responsible for increase in hydrophobic character and liposolubility of supramolecular topologies of organometallic of assemblies; ultimately enhanced biological activity of OMCs-Bi(V).
Characterization of the antibiotic profile of Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates from a tertiary care center

Background: Pseudomonas aeruginosa has already gained its profile as a super bug and drug resistant clinical isolates are a challenge for the clinicians who treat those infections. The organism exhibits natural resistance to many of the commonly used antibiotics besides can acquire chromosomal as well as plasmid mediated resistance. Recent reports indicate the emergence of Multi drug resistant strains from various centres and there by underscore the importance of continuous monitoring of the sensitivity patterns. The present study was aimed to monitor the antibiotic profile of P.aeruginosa isolates from a tertiary care centre in South India and to understand the antimicrobial resistance pattern of the organism from this geographical region. Methods: In this study we have screened various specimens like urine, sputum, broncho alveolar lavage (BAL), endotracheal aspirates (ETA), ascetic fluid, pleural fluid, pus and blood for the presence of P. aeruginosa . Identification was done by conventional methods and antimicrobial resistance patterns were analyzed. Results: Eighty six isolates of P.aeruginosa were obtained from various clinical specimens over a period of one year. Most of the isolates were least susceptible to Ciprofloxacin and Meropenem (72 percentages each). All isolates were uniformly susceptible to colistin (100 %). The susceptibilities of isolates to other commonly used antibiotics were Ceftazidime 76%, Cefepime 77 %, Imipenem 94%, Amikacin 83%, Gentamicin 77%, Tobramycin 77 %, Netilmicin 77%, Piperacillin tazobactam 91 % and cefaperazone sulbactam 86%. Conclusions: Increasing resistance in P. aeruginosa coupled with its ability to survive a variety of environmental conditions makes it a deadly pathogen, especially in the hospital environment. Constant surveillance of antimicrobial resistance trends, administration of appropriate antibiotics, use of combination therapy and simple measures like hand washing have become quintessential for the control of this organism.
Molecular Detection Of Multidrug-Resistant Salmonella Isolated From Livestock Production Systems In South Africa

Background Antibiotic-resistant bacterial pathogens associated with livestock remain a major concern worldwide as they get transmitted from animals to humans and cause foodborne and zoonotic diseases. Methods Antimicrobial resistance in livestock-associated Salmonella spp in South Africa was investigated using molecular DNA methods. Three hundred and sixty-one environmental faecal samples were randomly collected from avian (chicken and ducks), cows, pigs, goats, and sheep. Salmonella spp. were isolated on selective media and were confirmed using the polymerase chain reaction. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing against ampicillin, chloramphenicol, ciprofloxacin, ceftriaxone, azithromycin, tetracycline, amoxicillin-clavulanate and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole was determined using the Kirby–Bauer disk diffusion method. Isolates were screened for the presence of blaTEM-1, blaCMY-2, tetA, tetC, sul2 and dfrA7 resistance genes by PCR. Results Most of the isolates were resistant to ampicillin (64%), tetracycline (63%), amoxicillin-clavulanate (49%), trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (38%), and ceftriaxone (20%). Eight percent of the tested isolates were ciprofloxacin-resistant Salmonella spp. Multidrug resistance was observed with the mean multiple antibiotic resistance (MAR) index of 0.31. The study demonstrated that 43% of the isolates were multiple drug resistant. The prevalence rates of resistance genes were 44% for blaTEM-1, 35% for blaCMY-2, 21% for sul2, 18% for tetC, 14% for dfrA7 and 8% for tetA. Conclusion Resistance to ceftriaxone, detection of blaCMY-2 gene and the high level of intermediate susceptibility (33%) against ciprofloxacin suggested that livestock carry problematic Salmonella spp. This study used the global one-health initiative to report the potential public health risks of livestock-associated pathogens and highlights the importance of monitoring the trends of antimicrobial resistance for sustainability of antibiotics.
Perspectivas diagnósticas e terapêuticas da osteoporose após lesão medular

A osteoporose é uma das reconhecidas complicações da lesão medular, mas restam dúvidas quanto à totalidade de mecanismos fisiopatológicos envolvidos e tratamento efetivo. Grande parte da perda óssea ocorre na fase aguda, com estabilização cerca de doze a dezesseis meses após. A perda óssea afeta todos os segmentos, mas é mais intensa naqueles paralisados e em áreas ricas em osso trabecular. Mecanismos envolvidos não são totalmente esclarecidos, mas englobam não só a perda da tensão mecânica, mas também fatores neurovasculares e alterações estruturais do colágeno. Tanto marcadores bioquímicos quanto estudos com o uso da histomorfometria óssea evidenciam aumento da reabsorção óssea em detrimento da formação óssea. Estudos com o uso da densitometria óssea evidenciam dissociação entre a perda a nível da coluna e quadril, com maior perda a nível do quadril e de membros inferiores, achado considerado típico e marcante deste grupo de pacientes. Como conseqüência, o aumento da incidência de fraturas que se situa entre 1 e 7%, sendo muitas vezes decorrentes de traumas mínimos. Trabalhos com ortostatismo e cinesioterapia não demonstraram benefício significativo no que diz respeito à redução da perda de massa óssea e trabalhos com estimulação elétrica funcional apresentam resultados divergentes, parecendo resultar em algum benefício local. O uso de medicação anti-reabsortiva parece constituir opção promissora, sobretudo na fase aguda, mas estudos são ainda necessários para avaliar a sua efetividade, ou seja, a redução da incidência de fraturas.