Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Isolation of a Clonal Mesenchymal Stem Cell Line from Rat Bone Marrow and Its Application for Preventing Acute Fatal and Chronic Liver Failure

SUMMARY The use of a clonal mesenchymal stem cell as a source of hepatocytes has not been extensively studied. Here we report the isolation and establishment of several clonal mesenchymal stem cell lines from rat bone marrow. One of these cell lines, rBM25/S3 cells, small and asteroid in shape, were maintained in the presence of epidermal growth factor (EGF) and platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF)-BB on a fibronectin substratum. The cells expressed CD29, CD44, CD49b, CD90, vimentin and fibronectin but not CD45, indicating that they are of mesenchymal cell origin. When cultured in the presence of HGF and FGF-4 on Matrigel, the cells efficiently (~100%) differentiated within 7 days into hepatocyte-like cells (HLC) that expressed albumin. Intrasplenic transplantation of these differentiated cells prevented fatal liver failure in 90%hepatectomized rats, while the undifferentiated cells most effectively suppressed liver fibrosis. In conclusion, a clonal MSC line derived from adult rat bone marrow could differentiated into HLC, and transplantation of the cells could prevented fatal liver failure in 90%-hepatectomized rats and suppressed carbon tetrachloride-induced liver fibrosis. The present results indicate a promising strategy for treating human fatal liver disease.
Ultrafine organization of Leptomonas peterhoffi flagellates cultured in broth and solid nutrient media

: The morphology of in vitro grown lower trypanosomatids L. peterhoffi was studied by means of electron microscopy. The flagellates from both liquid and solid culture media are represented by uninucleate cells of two structural types. Type I flagellates are characterized by dense cytoplasm enriched with numerous ribosomes. Type II flagellates are most abundant in the cultures; they display a less dense cytoplasm and fewer ribosomes. The flagella of L. peterhoffi of both types form enlargements, which are most expressed at the outlet of the flagellar pocket. The nuclei of some cells contain twisted threads about 10 nm in diameter. L. peterhoffi from the liquid media usually possess long, narrow and curved flagellar pockets. On the solid medium, amoeboid and hemispherical colonies composed of both uninucleate and giant multinucleate cells are formed. In these cells the flagellar pockets are usually short and straight. Outside the flagellar pocket, the axoneme often becomes looped in the flagellar enlargements of the colonial uninucleate cells.
Reproductive and Survival Strategies Utilized by Insect. A Review

Insects are the most diverse and abundant of all groups of animals despite their small sizes and vulnerability as they employ many specialized strategies during reproduction. They have high reproductive rates and numerous behavioural and physiological adaptations that assure them a fair fight in the struggle for survival. They have different means of attracting mates prior to copulation such as serenades, dances, foreplay, nuptial gifts, aphrodisiac and visual signals. Survival strategies such as bi-parental care, maternal care, paternal care, hygienic behaviour, migration, diapauses, parthenogenesis and polymorphism are exhibited by insects which give them an advantage for surviving in their environment. Humanity and other living organisms will have difficulties in surviving if all insects fail to utilize their reproductive and survival strategies and suddenly disappear.
Effect of nitrate and ammonium on long distance transport in cucumber plants

Cucumber plants (Cucumis sativus L. cv. 'Chinese Snake') were grown on culture Solutions containing nitrate or ammonium as nitrogen source. The carbon and nitrogen fluxes from shoot to roots and vice versa have been investigated by analysis of plant material, xylem and phloem sap and by measurement of biomass production and root respiration. Despite the markedly reduced growth on ammonium, the C-flux from shoot to roots and root respiration were equivalent on a single plant basis for both treatments. Root respiration consumed about 30% of the carbon delivered through the phloem. Plants on ammonium used only 20% of the carbon for root biomass production, while 50% was recycled to the shoot through the xylem. In cucumbers fed with nitrate nearly 50% of the carbon went into root biomass, and only about 25% was recirculated to the shoot. From xylem sap analyses it became evident that plants fed with ammonium assimilated nitrogen in the roots and transported it to the shoot in organic form (bound to C-skeletons), while nitrate-fed plants transferred the nitrogen taken up mainly in unaltered form into the xylem. With ammonium nutrition, root biomass production and the high demand for C-skeletons used in ammonium assimilation compete for the phloem-derived carbon. The alterations in the long-distance transport must be considered as possible factors causing the weaker growth of ammonium-fed plants.
Effects of Dietary L-Glutamine or L-Glutamine Plus L-Glutamic Acid Supplementation Programs on the Performance and Breast Meat Yield Uniformity of 42-d-Old Broilers

This study aimed at evaluating four dietary L-Glutamine (L-Gln) or L-Gln plus L-Glutamate (L-Glu) supplementation programs on the performance, breast yield, and uniformity of broilers. A total of 2,112 one-d-old male Cobb 500(r) broilers were distributed according to a randomized block design in a 2 × 4 factorial arrangement (L-Gln or L-Gln plus L-Glu × 4 supplementation programs), totaling eight treatments with 12 replicates of 22 broilers each. The supplementation programs consisted of the dietary inclusion or not of 0.4% of L-Gln or L-Gln plus L-Glu for four different periods: 0 days (negative control), 9d, 21d, and 42d. Feed intake (FI, g), body weight gain (BWG, g), feed conversion ratio (FCR, kg/kg), coefficient of variation of body weight (CV, %), body weight uniformity (UNIF, %), breast weight (BW, g), breast yield (BY, %), coefficient of variation of breast weight (CVB), breast uniformity (UNIFB), coefficient of variation of breast yield (CVBY), and breast yield uniformity (UNIFBY) were evaluated. Birds fed the diets treatments supplemented with L-Gln or L-Gln plus L-Glu for 9d presented 3% higher BWG (p<0.05) compared with the controls. The L-Gln or L-Gln plus L-Glu supplementation until broilers were 21 days old resulted in 14, 10, 16, and 12% improvements (p<0.05) in CV, UNIF, CVBY, UNIFBY, respectively. The supplementation of 0.4% L-Gln (L-Gln 99%) or L-Gln plus L-Glu (minimum 95%) to pre-starter and starter broiler diets is recommended to improve body weight gain and uniformity.
Attachment ofa microcaddisfly (Trichoptera: Hydroptilidae) pupa to the leg of a water scorpion, Ranatra buenoi (Heteroptera: Nepidae)

A microcaddisfly pupa (Trichoptera: Oxyethira) was found attached to the leg of a predatory water scorpion (Hemiptera: Ranatra). Other reported instances of Oxyethira pupae attaching to aquatic insects indicate this behavior may be common for this genus. The behavioral mechanisms that permitted the microcaddisfly to attach itself to the water scorpion without being attacked are unknown.
Using X-ray-computed Tomography to Nondestructively Determine Maturity of Green Tomatoes

Cross-sectional X-ray-computed tomography (X-ray CT) images through the equator of tomato fruit (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill., CV. Sunny) ranging in maturity from immature (Ml) to advanced mature green (M4) revealed localized dif- ferences in X-ray absorption related to the formation of locular gel during maturation of the fruit. While maturity stage was poorly correlated with average X-ray absorbance and standard deviation or with average fruit density and water content, significant relationships' existed between maturity stage "and the number of image pixels with absorbance values >10 (Ml vs. M2 vs. M3) or 20 (M3 vs. M4) Hounsfield units. Using discriminant analysis, a relationship was developed that correctly identified the ma- turity class of 77% of the fruit and placed 96% of the tomatoes into the correct or an adjacent class. Proper maturity at harvest is a critical fac- tor in determining the quality of tomato fruit picked green. The U.S. Standards for grades of fresh tomatoes, recognizing the relation- ship between maturity and the ability of the fruit to ripen properly, defines maturity using the internal indicators of gel formation in the locules and seed development (U.S. Dept.
Exploring the Correlation between Expression of EMT Transcription Factors and CXCR4 Expression

Background: Metastasis is one the most leading cause of death from cancer. The chemokine receptor of CXCR4 has an important role in cell migration and cancer metastasis. Additionally, metastasis is always associated with the process of epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). In this study the correlation between expression of CXCR4 and EMT-TFs has been examined. Methods: The expression of CXCR4 in knocked out SUM159 cell line for EMT-TFs of slug, snail, twist and ZEB1 were examined. Results: The results revealed that the expression of CXCR4 decreased significantly in twist and ZEB1 knocked out cells, however in other groups no change was observed. Decreased expression of CXCR4 indicated that ZEB1 and twist may be one of regulators of CXCR4 expression. Conclusions: ChIP assay should be performed in future experiments to see the definite role of ZEB1 and twist as transcription factors for CXCR4.
Synthèse et actions locales et à distance des peptides vasoactifs

Dans cette courte revue sont compares les structures, les modes de synthese et de maturation, les actions et les systemes de reception et de signalisation cellulaire de 3 peptides vasoactifs que sont la vasopressine, l'angiotensine II et les endothelines. Cette comparaison montre clairement que tous ces peptides sont synthetises comme des hormones a partir de preproproteines et subissent une maturation par proteolyse. Ils agissent tous par l'intermediaire de plusieurs types de recepteurs membranaires couples aux proteines G. Leurs actions sur leurs tissus cibles cardio-vasculaires sont cependant soit de nature essentiellement endocrine (vasopressine), soit de nature paracrine (endothelines), soit enfin paracrine et endocrine (angiotensine II).
Assessment of rhizobacterial diversity of Triticum aestivum and Eleusine coracana from Northern region of India

In addition to plant and soil type, cultivation practices greatly influence the rhizospheric microbial community. In this study, the influence of plant type was studied in mandua (Eleusine coracana), an organically grown crop for nearly a century in the Central Himalayan region and, wheat (Triticum aestivum), cultivated employing chemical nutrient inputs in the Indo-Gangetic region. Species variation was determined based on classical biochemical and physiological tests. Numerical analysis of these characteristics showed that 36% isolates from mandua were 100% similar whereas 18% strains from wheat showed 100% similarity. The extent of similarity between the isolates belonging to these two crops was limited to approximately 20%. Based on numerical analysis of phenotypic characters, the Shannon diversity index (H') was 0.64. However, the value of H' based on phylogenetic analysis was 0.77. Functional characterization based on plant growth-promoting properties clearly showed greater diversity in wheat rhizosphere than in mandua. Molecular characterization by BOX-PCR and ARDRA substantiated the phenotypic data. Isolates from any one crop were placed distinctly in a separate cluster. Shannon diversity indices for wheat and mandua rhizospheric isolates based on genotypic fingerprinting were 0.6 and 0.2 respectively, which was in agreement with the phylogenetic analysis data. Sequencing data showed predominance of genera, Bacillus and Pseudomonas.
Scale-Sensitive Ecological Properties: Historical Context, Current Meaning

In landscape ecology, attention to scale is most important (Wiens 1989). Indeed, Levin (1992) has argued that the "problem of pattern and scale is the central problem in ecology". A Special Features section in the journal Ecology with the title "Space: the final frontier for ecological theory" (Kareiva 1994) echoed the same theme. Clearly, the choice of appropriate time and space scales is important if understanding in ecology is to advance (Bissonette 1996). This issue is central to current dialog in landscape ecology (Golley 1989, Kareiva 1994) because different patterns and properties tend to emerge at different scales (May 1994). Until recently, the importance of scale has not been widely recognized by wildlife biologists or explicitly by population, community, or ecosystem ecologists, and studies have been conducted as if they were scale free. For example, in 1988, Kareiva and Anderson surveyed the community ecology literature and showed that about half of the surveyed studies were conducted by using plots no larger than 1 m, despite considerable differences in size and distribution of the organisms studied. And yet, the effects of sample unit size (quadrat size) have been known for some time. Kershaw (1964) showed clearly the effects of quadrat size, the relationship between quadrat size and size of the organism being sampled, and the effect of pattern on sampling results, given a standard quadrat size (Figure 1.1). For
Disambiguating Natural Language Queries with Tuples

Enabling natural language access to relational databases is challenging and often requires the disambiguation of a user’s natural language query by selecting the target interpretation from among many candidate structured query interpretations. Existing approaches such as natural language explanations are promising, yet in certain situations users may beneﬁt from an alternate clariﬁcation mechanism. We propose the distinguishing tuple interaction model to help the user disambiguate candidate queries and provide a formal problem deﬁnition. We introduce a solution strategy involving a greedy algorithm and demonstrate in selected experiments that our algorithms can reduce the number of user interactions over state-of-the-art baseline approaches
Histone H3 function and dynamics during Arabidopsis development

La funcion y dinamica de la histona canonica H3.1 y su variante H3.3 se habian estudiado mayoritariamente en cultivos celulares pero su funcion en plantas y su papel a lo largo del desarrollo eran desconocidos. Los objetivos del proyecto incluian analizar la funcion de los dos tipos de histonas en Arabidopsis thaliana y determinar su relacion con la expresion genica y otras marcas de cromatina, estudiar la dinamica de ambas histonas y a lo largo del desarrollo, en celulas proliferantes y endorreplicantes, asi como en mutantes de chaperonas de histona. (extracto del informe de D. Crisanto Gutierrez Armenta)
Characteristics of single-polarized phased array of tapered slot antennas

Numerical and experimental studies are beginning to reveal some of the important design parameters of wide-band tapered slot antenna arrays. Results from several studies are presented to illustrate the problems encountered in antenna design and to provide guidance in developing successful designs. Parameter studies suggest that the stripline stub and slotline cavity have a large impact on performance at the upper and lower ends of the frequency band and that the antenna flare can be altered to impact in-band SWR. Some impedance anomalies that limit wide-band scanning are identified and some corrective actions are suggested.
A Corn Mutant Deficient in 2,4-Dihydroxy-7-methoxy-1,4- benzoxazin-3-one with an Altered Tolerance of Atrazine'

A single-gene homozygous recessive mutant in an S, in- bred line of corn resulted in an 8- to 10-fold reduction in 2,4- dihydroxy-7-methoxy-l,4-benzoxazin-3-one content. Aqueous suspen- sions of acetone extracts from low segregates formed little 2-hydroxy- 4,6-bis(ethylamino)-s-triazine (hydroxysimazine) when incubated with 2-chloro-4,6-bis(ethylamino)-s-triazine (simazine). Tolerance studies on 3:1 and 1:1 segregating ears indicated that the low segregates were somewhat less tolerant to 2-chloro-4-ethylamino-6- isopropylamino-s-triazine (atrazine) supplied in solution culture.
Relation between cell-to-cell adhesion and angiogenesis and clinico-morphological prognostic factors in patients with gastric cancer.

AIM: To study the relation between the expression of the molecules of cell-to-cell adhesion (E-cadherin, alpha- and beta-catenins) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and traditional clinico-morphological characteristics of tumors to evaluate their prognostic value in the patients with gastric cancer. METHODS: To analyze the expression of E-cadherin, alpha- and beta-catenins, and VEGF the paraffin embedded tumor samples were studied by immunohistochemical analysis with the use of respective monoclonal antibodies. RESULTS: The presence of E-cadherin in tumors correlated with the absence of metastases in regional lymph nodes and was observed, as a rule, in the patients at the early stages of the disease. The presence of beta-catenin expression has been detected in gastric tumors of the patients without distant metastases, while the level of VEGF expression correlated with the degree of gastric wall injury. It has been demonstrated that the expression of E-cadherin and alpha-catenin is associated with favourable disease course and is a characteristic pattern for early stages of gastric cancer of intestinal type. However, VEGF expression is typical for the late stages of gastric cancer of diffuse type and is associated with poor prognosis. CONCLUSION: At the base of combined clinical, histological and immunohistochemical analysis of gastric tumors it has been shown that E-cadherin, alpha-catenin and VEGF could be used as informative markers of the disease course.
New material of Palaeoamasia kansui (Embrithopoda, Mammalia) from the Eocene of Turkey and a phylogenetic analysis of Embrithopoda at the species level

Since the discovery of the megaherbivore Arsinoitherium zitteli Beadnell (early Oligocene of Egypt), the extinct order Embrithopoda has remained an enigmatic group, with disputed affinities among ungulates. In this study, new specimens of Palaeoamasia kansui from the early Palaeogene of Turkey are described and a synthetic dental terminology is proposed for embrithopods. Based on 130 cranial–mandibular and dental characters, the first phylogenetic analysis of embrithopods is carried out in aim to enhance the position of Palaeoamasia within embrithopods. The monophyly of Embrithopoda is confirmed, following the topology (Phenacolophus (Namatherium (Arsinoitheriinae, Palaeamasiinae))). However, phylogenetic relationships between Eurasian embrithopods (Palaeoamasiinae: Palaeoamasia, Crivadiatherium and Hypsamasia) remain unresolved. The integration of all embrithopod genera within a cladistic analysis encompassing a wider taxonomic sample (Condylarthra, Afrotheria/Paenungulata and Laurasiatheria) also supports Embrithopoda as being monophyletic, but questions the position of both Phenacolophus and Namatherium within Embrithopoda. Finally, possible faunal exchange events are proposed based on three hypothesized scenarios between Eurasia and Arabia–Africa during the early Palaeogene.
Effect on AC Conductivity of Nanocrystalline Spinel Ferrite Material due to Substitution of Ni 2 + , Co 2 + and Cu 2 + in CuCo , NiCu and CoNi Respectively Prepared by Sol Gel Auto Combustion Method

Herein, the Dielectric properties such as AC Conductivity (σac)are reported for the nanocrystalline spinel ferrite material in the series of [Nix Cu(constant) Co0.8-x Fe2O4] [Cox Ni(constant) Cu0.8-x Fe2O4] and [Cux Co(constant) Ni0.8-x Fe2O4] where constant=0.2 with x=0.2, 0.4 and 0.6 synthesized by using AR grade metal nitrates with the help of Sol-Gel auto-combustion technique. The variation in the AC Conductivity is studied at room temperature by using the LCR Meter in the frequency range of 100 Hz to 5MHz. The effect on AC Conductivity due to the substitution of Ni, Co and Cu density ‘x’ in [Nix Cu(constant) Co0.8-x Fe2O4],[Cox Ni(constant) Cu0.8-x Fe2O4]and [Cux Co(constant) Ni0.8-x Fe2O4] respectively is discussed. The nanocrystalline spinal Structural of ferrite material is confirmed by Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscope (FT-IR) and Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM). The presence of metal nitrates is confirmed by Energy Dispersive XRay Spectroscopy (EDX).
Optical classification and characterization of marine particle assemblages within the western Arctic Ocean

We develop an optical classification of marine particle assemblages from an extensive dataset of particle optical properties collected in the Chukchi and Beaufort Seas. Hierarchical cluster analysis of the spectral particulate backscattering‐to‐absorption ratio partitioned the dataset into seven optically‐distinct clusters of particle assemblages, each associated with different characteristics of particle concentration, composition, and phytoplankton taxonomic composition and size. Three phytoplankton‐dominated clusters were identified. One was characterized by small‐sized phytoplankton that are typically associated with regenerated production, and comprised samples from the subsurface chlorophyll‐a maximum in oligotrophic waters of the Beaufort Sea. The other two clusters represented diatom‐dominated particle assemblages in turbid shelf waters with differing contributions of photoprotective pigments. Such situations are generally associated with significant new production. Two clusters were dominated by organic nonalgal material, one representing clear waters off the shelf, the other representative of post‐diatom bloom conditions in the Chukchi Sea. Another distinct cluster represented mineral‐dominated particle assemblages that were observed in the Colville and Mackenzie River plumes and near the seafloor. Finally, samples in a cluster of mixed particle composition were scattered throughout all locations. Optical classification improved performance of predictive bio‐optical relationships. These results demonstrate a capability to discriminate distinct assemblages of suspended particles associated with specific ecological conditions from hyperspectral measurements of optical properties, and the potential for identification of ecological provinces at synoptic time and space scales from optical sensors. Analogous analysis of multispectral optical data strongly reduced this capability.