Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Quasi-Static Modeling and Optimization of Two-Layer PCB Resonators in Wireless Power Transfer Systems for 110-kV Power Grid Online Monitoring Equipment

The expanding functions of the emerging smart grid have posed new technical challenges on the power supplies for online monitoring systems in the transmission and distribution networks. A recent study has suggested that magnetic energy around the transmission line can be harvested and delivered wirelessly to the monitoring equipment through printed circuit board (PCB) resonators embedded inside an insulation rod. This article presents a rigorous analysis, modeling, and optimization of such PCB resonators. A new closed-form quasi-static model of the PCB resonators is derived. A fully automated simulation-driven optimization framework is constructed to enhance the quality factor of the resonator. Practical measurements show that the optimal design improves the quality factor ($Q$ factor) from 52 to 132 as compared to the existing trial-and-error design. The corresponding wireless power transfer efficiency in a 20-W prototype across a 1.14-m distance improves significantly from 11 to 46%.
Synthesis and Antibacterial Evaluation of Some New Fused Cyclic Sulfoxides

A series of diarylidine cyclohexanones (1t-12t) have been prepared via ClasienSchmidt reaction then condensed with dimethyl sulphoxide through Michael-Claisen condensation to afford the corresponding fused heterocycles (13t-24t). The structures of the products were elucidated by the spectrum (UV, IR, 1 H-NMR). The suggested mechanisms for these reactions were investigated according to theoretical calculations, heat of formation (H.F.) and the steric energy (S.E.). Furthermore some of the products have been tested for their biological activity (antibacterial).
Auto-Zeroing Static Phase Offset in DLLs Using a Digitally Programmable Sensing Circuit

This brief presents a static phase offset (SPO) reduction technique through auto-zeroing in a delay-locked loop (DLL). We propose a self-calibrated, digitally programmable, sensing circuit that can measure both the polarity and the magnitude of the SPO. The SPO is suppressed by tuning a pair of digital-to-time converters (DTCs) at the input of the phase frequency detector (PFD). The proposed technique enables run-time background calibration and can suppress the SPO caused by artifacts from the PFD, charge pump, and loop filter capacitor. Monte Carlo simulation results show that the SPO in a conventional DLL implementation improves from 12.92 ps to 0.90 ps when the proposed auto-zeroing technique is employed.
A social systems approach to sustainable waste management: leverage points for plastic reduction in Colombo, Sri Lanka

ABSTRACT Global plastic production continues to increase at an exponential pace, and global waste projections show waste generation rising by 70% by 2050. Plastic waste connects to all social processes, especially within the context of urbanization and development; urban planning and land management; GHG emissions; labor; social equity; public health; rural-to-urban migration; increasing population; increasing consumption; climate change; etc. The focus of this research is an analysis of plastic waste management practices in Sri Lanka applying systems thinking, with a goal to better understand the social and ecological impacts of plastic waste in Sri Lanka. This research fills a gap in understanding the complex social dynamics that factor into plastic management, beyond the engineering of waste systems. The researcher works from the assumptions that waste is a social issue, that requires social responses that move beyond engineering and linear waste management; that designing a better or more efficient linear solid waste management system for the current realities of waste generation will only result in a continued, unsustainable waste system; and that plastics are truly a global challenge, relevant for global south contexts, and these challenges require local-appropriate solutions. The findings illuminate the network of local waste stakeholders, and highlight paths forward in waste reduction through patterns of behavior, structure, and mental modes that can lead towards a sustainable future for Colombo.
Ultra-High Total Ionizing Dose Effects on MOSFETs for Analog Applications

This article investigates the effect of ultra-high total ionizing dose up to 450 Mrad(SiO2) on 180-nm MOSFETs for analog applications. In particular, it studies the influence of the transistor size, design, type, bias, and the annealing on radiation-induced degradation. It studies the radiation effects on three parameters: the drive current, the threshold shift, and the leakage current. First, it reveals radiation-induced short-channel effects (RISCEs), which were until now only observed on more advanced technology nodes, and highlights that its mechanism of apparition differs from these advanced nodes. Second, it highlights the importance of bias during irradiation, not only on the magnitude of these effects but also on the type of defects at their origin. In particular, it demonstrates that the bias during irradiation plays a major role in the n-MOS–p-MOS dissymmetry. Third, it points out the capacity of the ELT and the butterfly rad-hard designs to mitigate the radiation-induced narrow channel effect (RINCE), the LPT, and several other radiation-related issues. Finally, it shows that the 3.3-V designs, compared to the 1.8-V designs, present a larger sensibility to radiation due to their thicker gates, but that they could stay a better choice for analog applications up to 400 Mrad(SiO2), thanks to their larger voltage range.
Hadamard Inequalities for Strongly 
                     
                        
                           α
                           ,
                           m
                        
                     
                  -Convex Functions via Caputo Fractional Derivatives

In this paper, we present two versions of the Hadamard inequality for α , m convex functions via Caputo fractional derivatives. Several related results are analyzed for convex and m -convex functions along with their refinements and generalizations. The error bounds of the Hadamard inequalities are established by applying some known identities.
Polyoxometalates entrapped in sol–gel matrices for reducing electron exchange column applications

Abstract Electron exchange columns were developed by utilizing the redox properties of polyoxometalates (POMs) entrapped in silica matrices via the sol–gel route. The properties of the columns strongly depend on the composition of the precursors used to prepare the matrices. The columns exhibit good reversibility and are the first ‘reducing’ electron exchange columns ever prepared. They are also the first columns where both the matrix and the entrapped redox agent are inorganic compounds. This increases their stability. However, the redox properties of the entrapped POMs in the matrices are affected by the composition of the matrices.
Mycotoxins in Maize and Implications on Food Security: A Review

Mycotoxin poisoning is not restricted to pets and farm animals, it causes diseases and death in humans. Mycotoxin producing fungi are common components of the epiphytic and endophytic microflora in crops resulting in natural crop contamination in the field and during storage. The level of contamination is influenced by the genetics of the plant and fungi, management practices and prevailing climatic conditions. The Global movement of maize products necessitates global as well as country-specific surveys on mycotoxin occurrence. Significant differences in the concentrations of deoxynivalenol, fumonisins and zearalenone were found in commercial maize for the seven years under review but no significant difference was detected between white and yellow maize types with regards to fumonisins and zearalenone concentrations. The absence of Aflatoxins, Ochratoxin-A, T2-toxin and HT-2 toxin in the commercial maize samples from 2010/2011 to 2016/2017 seasons is a food safety advantage for South Africa maize producers.
An information fusion reliability allocation method considering limited sample size circumstances

As an essential part in product reliability design procedure, reliability allocation can connect the reliability index between the overall product and its multiple subsystems. To obtain a reasonable reliability allocation scheme, especially for limited sample size circumstances commonly encountered in aeronautic and astronautic fields, an information fusion allocation method is constructed in the current study. Grey relational analysis (GRA) is incorporated to analyze objective data, while analytic hierarchy process (AHP) is introduced to implement subjective data analysis. Then a final allocation scheme is derived by fusion of the binary information sources. A real application regarding an aeronautic product reliability allocation is given. The sensitivity of allocation result to limited life information circumstances and comparative analysis with reference methods are implemented to demonstrate the reasonability and effectiveness.
Effective adsorption of As(V) and V(V) ions from water samples using 2,4-dinitrophenylhydrazine functionalized sodium dodecyl sulfate-coated magnetite nanoparticles

ABSTRACT In this study, 2,4-DNPH coated magnetite was used for removal of As(V) and V(V) ions from aqueous solution. The synthesized nanoparticles were characterized by XRD analysis, FT-IR, SEM, and SEM-EDXS measurement. The size of the nanoparticles according to SEM was obtained as around 20–35 nm. Equilibrium isotherm data showed that the Langmuir–Freundlich model was in a good agreement with the experimental data according to high correlation coefficient. The maximum adsorption capacities of As(V) and V(V) on adsorbent were 338.4 and 266.8 mg g−1, respectively. Kinetic study showed that the fractal like-PSO model was appropriate to describe the adsorption process. The optimum pH was obtained to be 7 and 5 for As(V) and V(V) ions, respectively.
Rapid water temperature variations at the northern shelf of the Yellow Sea

During summer, there is great spatial variability in bottom water temperature on the northern shelf of the Yellow Sea. This variability is associated with a thermal front along the shelf. Oscillatory currents from semidiurnal and fortnightly period tides transport water masses laterally, resulting in oscillations of bottom water temperature at fixed positions, sometimes with large amplitudes. Temperature variations, as demonstrated in the present work, can cause damage to bottom-cultured scallops. In particular, in the scallop sea ranching area near Zhangzidao Island, such oscillations are evident in late summer. We constructed a spatial index of aggregated temperature variability from current model results identifying how temporal variability during the summer period varies in space. This information can be useful both in selecting favorable ranching areas and designing laboratory stress experiments on aquaculture candidate species.
Indoor Air Quality and Improvement Strategies of Using Mechanical Ventilation in Confined Spaces

The factors of indoor air quality are affected by the density of people, the size and time of opening the door, and the arrangement of the air inlet and outlet of the ventilation equipment. We found that the optimal CO2 of the cross opening was reduced by 109.7 ppm/min through CO2 concentration detection. However, natural ventilation can result in higher indoor temperatures. Therefore, this study increases mechanical ventilation equipment and explores natural and mechanical ventilation to achieve ventilation energy saving.
Sensores de vibração baseados em rede de Bragg em fibra ótica afinada: comparação e aplicação no monitoramento de motores elétricos

PEREIRA, Joel Gonçalves. Fiber Bragg Gratings Tapered Vibration Sensors Comparison and Application in Electric Motors Monitoring. 2016. 74 f. Dissertação Programa de Pós-Graduação em Engenharia Elétrica e Informática Industrial, Universidade Tecnológica Federal do Paraná, 2016. This work presents results of a comparison of the responses to vibration sensors based on Bragg gratings in optical fiber, being a standard fiber G-652 (FBG) and others in the same fiber, but tapered (TFBG) with diameters of 60 micrometers and 80 micrometers. The sensors were subjected to vibration in the frequency range between 50Hz and 240Hz, generated by a speaker through an amplifier powered by a sinusoidal wave generator with a frequency and voltage control. The frequency range used is of interest for use in the vibration monitoring of electric motors, whose working at frequencies of 57.0Hz to 59.2Hz and its harmonics. The results showed that the vibration sensors based on TFBG, exhibited superior results to the FBG, yielding a gain of 2.1 for TFBG 80 micrometers and of 2.7 for the TFBG 60 μm. Using, as a reference, an fiber Bragg gratings accelerometer with a sensitivity of 98pm/g, the TFBG 80 micrometers sensor had a sensitivity of 64.4pm/g and the TFBG 60 micrometers sensor had a sensitivity of 84.8pm/g.
Catalytic Oxidation of Water with High-Spin Iron(IV)–Oxo Species: Role of the Water Solvent

We use density functional theory (DFT) and ab initio molecular dynamics to study the conversion of H2O into H2O2 in water solution by the FeIVO2+ group under room-temperature and -pressure conditions. We compute the free energy of formation of an O(water)–O(oxo) bond using thermodynamic integration with explicit solvent and we examine the subsequent generation of H2O2 by proton transfer. We show that the O–O bond formation follows the standard reactivity pattern observed in hydroxylation reactions catalyzed by high-spin (S = 2) iron(IV)–oxo species, which is initiated by the transfer of one electron from the highest occupied molecular orbital of the moiety attacking the FeIVO2+ group, either a −C–H bonding orbital (hydroxylation) or a lone pair of a water molecule (water oxidation). The highly electrophilic character exhibited by the FeIVO2+ ion, which is related to the presence of an acceptor 3σ* orbital at low energy with a large contribution on the O end of the FeIVO2+ ion, is the crucial factor promot.
Understanding the growth of black phosphorus crystals

The growth of high-quality black phosphorus crystals is very important to further study the physical properties of two-dimensional black phosphorus exfoliated from bulk crystals. Herein, we designed a series of experiments to fully understand the growth of black phosphorus crystals and then explore the roles of metals (or alloys) and I elements in its growth process. Finally, we developed a general approach to grow black phosphorus in high yield with high quality and low cost. The work introduced here sheds light on the growth mechanism of black phosphorus crystals and opens up the possibility of the growth of black phosphorus thin film.
Radiation Hardness Assurance Through System-Level Testing: Risk Acceptance, Facility Requirements, Test Methodology, and Data Exploitation

Functional verification schemes at a level different from component-level testing are emerging as a cost-effective tool for those space systems for which the risk associated with a lower level of assurance can be accepted. Despite the promising potential, system-level radiation testing can be applied to the functional verification of systems under restricted intrinsic boundaries. Most of them are related to the use of hadrons as opposed to heavy ions. Hadrons are preferred for the irradiation of any bulky system, in general, because of their deeper penetration capabilities. General guidelines about the test preparation and procedure for a high-level radiation test are provided to allow understanding which information can be extracted from these kinds of functional verification schemes in order to compare them with the reliability and availability requirements. The use of a general scaling factor for the observed high-level cross sections allows converting test cross sections into orbit rates.
ATOMIC STRUCTURE AND MAGNETISM OF PLD DEPOSITED Tio2:Fe

TiO2:Fe thin films prepared by pulsed laser deposition exhibit in some case light dependent saturation magnetization, as determined from Kerr magnetometry measurements performed in dark or by illuminating the sample. This phenomenon is studied in correlation with local atomic structure investigated by extended X-ray absorption fine structure, composition and chemical state analyzed by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and by X-ray absorption near-edge structure. It is found that lightcontrollable magnetism is a property of a mixture of Fe and oxidized Fe clusters embedded in the anatase TiO2 matrix.
Design and Comparison of Vernier Permanent-Magnet Machines With Different Winding Types Based on Fractional-Slot Windings

Vernier permanent-magnet (VPM) machines which have high torque density and high efficiency have been extensively used in direct drive. This article attempts to propose a new winding form and compare it with a traditional winding form as a part of fractional slot winding in the VPM machines to provide a design guideline in the aspect. Different winding forms are compared with the same copper loss and the same design. The design guideline of winding forms is provided by multiobjective generation algorithm (GA) optimization. Maximum torque value and minimum torque ripple are the optimization objectives in the GA optimization process. In addition, several models of the modularized motor with the new winding form based on the fractional-slot windings are compared, and the suitable application range of these models are discussed.
Association of Medical Male Circumcision and Sexually Transmitted Infections in a Population-Based Study: A Targeted Maximum Likelihood Estimation Approach

Background: Epidemiological theory and many empirical studies support the hypothesis that there is a protective effect of male circumcision against some sexually transmitted infections (STIs). However, there is a paucity of randomized control trials (RCTs) to test this hypothesis in the South African population. Due to the infeasibility of conducting RCTs, estimating marginal or average treatment effects with observational data, are of increasing interest. Using targeted maximum likelihood estimation (TMLE), a doubly robust estimation technique, we aim to provide evidence of association between medical male circumcision (MMC) and two STI outcomes.Methods: We investigated the associations between MMC and the two STI outcomes, HIV and HSV-2, using data from the HIV Incidence Provincial Surveillance System (HIPSS) study in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa. We estimated marginal odds ratios using TMLE and compared estimates with those from propensity score full matching and inverse probability of treatment weighting (IPTW). Results: TMLE estimates suggest that MMC was associated with 46.9% lower odds of HIV (OR: 0.531; 95% CI: 0.455, 0.621) and 20.5% for HSV-2 (OR: 0.795; 95% CI: 0.694, 0.911). The propensity score analyses also provided evidence of association of MMC with lower odds of HIV and HSV-2. For full matching: HIV (OR: 0.546; 95% CI: 0.402, 0.741), and HSV-2 (OR: 0.705; 95% CI: 0.545, 0.910). For IPTW: HIV (OR: 0.541; 95% CI: 0.405, 0.722), and HSV-2 (OR: 0.694; 95% CI: 0.541, 0.889). Conclusion: Using a TMLE approach, we present further evidence of a protective effect of MMC against HIV and HSV-2 in this hyper-endemic South African setting. TMLE has the potential to enhance the evidence base for recommendations that embrace the effect of public health interventions on health or disease outcomes.
Water quality impacts of small hydroelectric power plants in a tributary to the Pantanal floodplain, Brazil

Small hydroelectric power (SHP) facilities are proliferating around the world, including in Brazil where legislation encourages SHP over other hydropower development, defining SHP as facilities with installed capacities of 3–30 MW and reservoirs <13 km2. SHP facilities are often diversion designs with small or no reservoirs, while other SHPs have more conventional dams that create extensive reservoirs. This study seeks to understand the relative impacts of these two different designs on downstream water quality, comparing a conventional SHP system on the main stem to a complex of smaller SHPs with diversion designs in lower‐order reaches of the São Lourenço River. This river delivers nutrients and sediments to the Pantanal, one of the world's largest floodplain ecosystems. Samples collected upstream and downstream of each set of facilities over a range of flows revealed that the conventional SHP reservoir significantly reduced pH, dissolved oxygen, total iron, suspended solids, and turbidity consistent with observations in many other reservoirs. In contrast, water quality changes downstream of the smaller SHPs were less pronounced and could be attributable to natural variability. An analysis of energy production versus water quality impacts suggests that SHPs on the smaller tributaries are favorable compared to the conventional SHP in terms of water quality impacts. With the proposed addition of dozens of new facilities in the upland watersheds draining into the Pantanal, this study improves our understanding of the relative impacts of different designs of SHPs on downstream water quality, while recognizing that water quality is just one of several potential impacts to be considered.
THE IMPACT OF 68GA-PSMA PET/CT ON THERAPY MANAGEMENT OF HIGH RISK PROSTATE CANCER

Amac: Yuksek riskli prostat kanserinde (PK) 68Ga-PSMA PET/ BT’nin (PSMA PET) tedavi yonetimine etkisi degerlendirildi. Gerec ve Yontem: Yuksek riskli PK nedeniyle evreleme amacli PSMA PET yapilan hastalar retrospektif olarak degerlendirildi. Hastalarin PSMA PET oncesi abdominopelvik BT (n=126), pelvik MR (n=42) ve kemik sintigrafisi (KS) (n=40) bulunmaktaydi. Tum klinik, biyokimya ve goruntuleme datasi belgelendi. Hastalara uygulanan tedavilerin incelenmesi amaciyla hastalar takibe alindi. PK ile iliskili artmis PSMA tutulumlari onceden PSMA-RADS versiyon 1,0’da tanimlanan 5 puanli skalaya gore belgelendi. PSMA PET’in hasta yonetimine etkisi pre-post PET/BT anketler ile retrospektif olarak degerlendirildi. PSMA PET sonuclarina gore yonetim degisikligi inter ve intramodalite degisiklik olarak kategorize edildi. Altgruplar eslestirilmis t-testi ile SPSS version 24,0 programinda karsilastirildi. p degeri <0,05 anlamli kabul edildi. Bulgular: Toplam 126 hasta calismaya dahil edildi. Medyan PSA degeri 30,8 ng/ml (%95CI: 2,1-268,6 ng/ml) ve medyan GS 8 (range: 6-10) idi. PSMA PET sonuclarina gore 41 hastada (%32,5) hastalik daha cok yaygin iken, 2 hastada (%1,6) daha az yaygin idi. Toplamda tedavi yonetimi 38 hastada (%30,1) degisti. Intermodalite degisiklik 29 hastada (%23) gorulurken, intramodalite degisiklik 9 hastada (%7,1) goruldu. Yonetimdeki degisiklik KS olan ve olmayan grupta, %30 ve %30,2 ile benzerdi. Sonuc: PSMA PET yuksek riskli PK’de hastalar standart goruntulemeler ile evrelense bile neredeyse ucte birinde tedavi yonetimini etkilemektedir.