Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
La mise sur pied et l ’ adoption d ’ un programme complet d ’ assurance de la qualité dans un établissement communautaire d ’ endoscopie

1Forzani & MacPhail Colon Cancer Screening Centre, Alberta Health Services; 2Department of Medicine, University of Calgary; 3Department of Community Health Sciences, University of Calgary; 4Population Health Research, Alberta Health Services, Calgary, Alberta Correspondence: Dr Robert J Hilsden, Department of Medicine, University of Calgary, 3330 Hospital Drive Northwest, Calgary, Alberta T2N 4N1. Telephone 403-592-5042, fax 403-944-3800, e-mail rhilsden@ucalgary.ca Received for publication March 23, 2011. Accepted April 1, 2011 Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the second most common cause of cancer death in Canadian men and women, resulting in 9100 deaths in 2010 (1). Screening for CRC is effective at reducing CRC mortality (2) and, therefore, has a clear public health benefit. Screening for CRC is currently recommended for all Canadians 50 to 74 years of age (3). Colonoscopy is integral to CRC screening. First, colonoscopy is the preferred diagnostic test following a positive screening test, such as a fecal occult blood test (FOBT). Second, colonoscopy is the preferred screening test for individuals who are at increased risk for CRC. Third, colonoscopy may also be used as the primary screening test for individuals who are at average risk. Finally, colonoscopy is used for ongoing surveillance of individuals following removal of an adenomatous polyp or CRC. Cancer screening can result in harm, which is concerning because individuals undergoing screening are otherwise healthy and usually at low risk for the cancer of interest. Colonoscopy can lead to harm if it is inaccurate, unpleasant for the patient or leads to serious adverse events. Therefore, to maximize the potential benefits and minimize the potential harms of CRC screening, it is important to ensure that screening-related colonoscopy is of the highest quality. Providing quality colonoscopy services implies the provision of safe, accurate and patient-centred services. Quality assurance (QA) is a process that includes the systematic evaluation of a service, institution of improvements and ongoing evaluation to ensure that effective changes were made. QA is a fundamental component of any organized CRC screening program (4). However, it should play an equally important role in opportunistic screening (3). Establishing the processes and procedures for a comprehensive QA program can be a daunting proposition for an endoscopy unit. In the present article, we describe the steps we have taken to establish a QA program at the Forzani & MacPhail Colon Cancer Screening Centre (CCSC), a colorectal cancer screening centre and nonhospital endoscopy unit located in Calgary (Alberta) that is dedicated to providing CRC screening-related colonoscopies. Lessons drawn from our experience may help others develop their own initiatives. original article
Enrichment of submicron sea-salt-containing particles in small cloud droplets based on single-particle mass spectrometry

Abstract. The effects of the chemical composition and size of sea-salt-containing particles on their cloud condensation nuclei (CCN) activity are incompletely understood. We used a ground-based counterflow virtual impactor (GCVI) coupled with a single-particle aerosol mass spectrometer (SPAMS) to characterize chemical composition of submicron (dry diameter of 0.2–1.0 µm) and supermicron (1.0–2.0 µm) sea-salt-containing cloud residues (dried cloud droplets) at Mount Nanling, southern China. Seven cut sizes (7.5–14 µm) of cloud droplets were set in the GCVI system. The highest number fraction of sea-salt-containing particles was observed at the cut size of 7.5 µm (26 %, by number), followed by 14 µm (17 %) and the other cut sizes (3 %–5 %). The submicron sea-salt-containing cloud residues contributed approximately 20 % (by number) at the cut size of 7.5 µm, which was significantly higher than the percentages at the cut sizes of 8–14 µm (below 2 %). This difference was likely involved in the change in the chemical composition. At the cut size of 7.5 µm, nitrate was internally mixed with over 90 % of the submicron sea-salt-containing cloud residues, which was higher than sulfate (20 %), ammonium (below 1 %), amines (6 %), hydrocarbon organic species (2 %), and organic acids (4 %). However, at the cut sizes of 8–14 µm, nitrate, sulfate, ammonium, amines, hydrocarbon organic species, and organic acids were internally mixed with > 90 %, > 80 %, 39 %–84 %, 71 %–86 %, 52 %–90 %, and 32 %–77 % of the submicron sea-salt-containing cloud residues. The proportion of sea-salt-containing particles in the supermicron cloud residues generally increased as a function of cut size, and their CCN activity was less influenced by chemical composition. This study provided a significant contribution towards a comprehensive understanding of sea-salt CCN activity.
The Relationship between Human Resource Practices and Firm Performance in Iran

This study examines the role of Human Resource practices on Firm Performance in Iran. This study uses regression analysis to test the hypotheses. The research uses a sample of 65 firms surveyed in Qazvin, Iran. The findings suggested that Training, Compensation, Performance appraisal and Participation are positively related the firms' performance. Implications of the findings, potential limitations of the study and directions for future research were further discussed.
An investigation on consumer's behaviors towards well-known luxury brands

Article history: Received October 28, 2013 Received in revised format 20 November 2013 Accepted 10 January 2014 Available online January 12 2014 This paper presents an empirical investigation to find the relationship between consumer’s behaviors towards well-known luxury brands in Iranian market. The study designs a questionnaire in Likert scale and distributes it among 250 randomly people who purchase luxury products. The study investigates the effects of three variables including perception value, social normality and need for being exclusive on perception of a brand for motivating customers to purchase luxury products. In addition, the study tries to find out whether customers’ educational backgrounds influence on purchasing luxury products or not. Cronbach alphas are all well above the minimum acceptable level, which validates the survey. Using structural equation modeling, the study confirms all hypotheses of the survey. © 2014 Growing Science Ltd. All rights reserved.
Crystal and electronic band structure of Cu2ZnSnX4 (X=S and Se) photovoltaic absorbers: First-principles insights

The structural and electronic properties of Cu2ZnSnS4 and Cu2ZnSnSe4 are studied using first-principles calculations. We find that the low energy crystal structure obeys the octet rule and is the kesterite (KS) structure. However, the stannite or partially disordered KS structures can also exist in synthesized samples due to the small energy cost. We find that the dependence of the band structure on the (Cu,Zn) cation ordering is weak and predict that the band gap of Cu2ZnSnSe4 should be on the order of 1.0 eV and not 1.5 eV as was reported in previous absorption measurements.
A CONSTRUCTIVE FINE-GRAINED OPINION REVIEW SERVICE FOR EXTRACTION

A point of view target is certainly an item concerning which clients will convey their opinions, generally as nouns otherwise phrases of nouns. Opinion targets additionally to extraction of opinion word aren't novel tasks within opinion mining. Inside our work we advise a method that is dependent on partially-supervised kind of alignment that will help in identification of opinion relations as the whole process of alignment. Our work focus on recognition of opinion relations among opinion targets additionally to opinion words. Candidates by means of advanced confidence are located as opinion targets. When compared to traditional kinds of not being watched alignment, forecasted model will acquire enhanced precision due to practice of partial supervision. Our representation will captures opinion relations more precisely, designed for extended-span relations when compared to earlier techniques that are on first step toward nearest-neighbour rules.
A Statistical Study of Dowry Determinants in Urban and Rural Areas of Punjab, Pakistan

This cross sectional study is undertaken among the rural and urban areas of Southern Punjab, Pakistan. The main objective of the study is to find out the social factors which affect the dowry. Binary logistic regression model is used to achieve the objective under study by taking the sample of 1500 respondents through convenience sampling technique. The findings of the study reveal that the factors i.e., area, bride’s employment, and dowry support financially are positively associated with dowry, whereas the factor bride’s education is negatively associated with dowry. The finding of study indicate that area, bride’s employment, dowry support financially, bride’s education have significant effect on dowry. Key Words: social factors; dowry; convenience sampling technique; binary logistic regression
Scale dependence of bacterioplankton patchiness

We provide evidence, based on the assessment of bactenal abundance in a series of samples representing geometncally decreasing volumes (5 1 to 0.25 ml), for the existence and scale dependence of patchiness in mixed-layer marine bacterioplankton. Our results demonstrate the existence of strong bacterioplankton patchiness at centimetre scale, the bacterioplankton community appearing as homogeneous when sampling at larger or smaller scales. We also provide, based on the inferred frequency distribution of bacterial densities, a representation of the in situ spa t~a l distribut~on of the bacterioplankton population sampled This dlstrlbution depicts the bacterioplankton community as composed of high density (> 107 bacteria ml-l) bacterial patches scattered within a 'matrix' of low bactenal density (105 bacteria ml-l). These results imply that the processes regulating bactenal abundance operate at centimetre scale.
Sorafenib in the Continuum of Care for Hepatocellular Carcinoma: Challenges in Defining Optimal Practice

with TACE treatment. The second trial, Sorafenib or Placebo in combination with transarterial chemoem‐ bolization with doxorubicin-eluting beads for intermediate-stage HCC (SPACE), examined this strategy. This global phase 2 study randomized 307 patients (CP A, ECOG PS 0) with intermediate-stage HCC to TACE with doxorubicin-eluting beads (DEB-TACE) plus sorafenib or placebo. DEB-TACE was administered 3-7 days after initiating sorafenib or placebo and subsequently on the first day of cycles 3, 7, and 13, and every 6 cycles thereafter. [31] While TTP was similar between the DEB-TACE/sorafenib and DEB-TACE/placebo arms, interpreta‐ tion of the results is limited by the study design (scheduled DEB-TACE treatments are not routinely employed in clinical practice) and challenges inherent with assessing response to locoregional therapies. A third, single-center, phase 2 randomized controlled study (N=80) examined TACE with or without sorafenib exclusively in HCV-infected patients. [32] In this study, in which sorafenib was administered 30 days after TACE, TTP was significantly delayed in the sorafenib-treated group (9.2 months vs 4.9 months; P =.001). This result is interesting in light of the SHARP trial results in which patients with HCV may have derived more benefit from sorafenib treatment than patients with other HCC etiologies.
`ICT Policy` for ICT service management - role of business organizations in national reforms agenda for services sector

Several governments around the world have made significant endeavours and allegiances to deliver new National Reforms Agenda (NRA) in order to drive sustained prosperity for their citizens e.g. the cases of Australian, Georgia, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA) governments etc. In general, the rationale for transformation in NRA has been manifold such as: (a) healthier and more active the population, the stronger the economy; (b) the more skilled the population, the higher the productivity; (c) the greater the degree of social inclusion, the greater the workforce/stakeholder participation and (b) improving individual government’s investment climate and strengthening democratic and political institutions. Notwithstanding, in the present and coming decades nationals of different countries around the world are (to a greater extent due to the credit crunch) and further will be facing immense challenges, due to mounting competitiveness in the global economy. Some governments are highly aware of the magnitude and complexity of these challenges. Nevertheless, resolving these challenges is not merely within the jurisdiction of the national government – success will essentially hinge on a collaborative working relationship within all levels of governments (e.g. local, national, central) and business/trading stakeholders. As a result of this collaboration, formulating and consigning prosperity to citizens. The research carried out in this paper strives to exemplify the objectives of the national reforms in general. In addition, structural change of the reformation policy is presented to the business organisations for the purpose of enabling them by focusing on Information and Communication Technologies (ICT) based participation and productivity in service management.
Breeding aggregation and anti-predator defense in a monogamous cichlid

Obwohl Brutkolonien im Tierreich weit verbreitet sind, ist es bis heute unklar warum viele Tierarten in Kolonien leben. Insbesondere Vogel nisten bevorzugt in Kolonien, aber auch bei Fischen kann dieses Brutverhalten beobachtet werden. Um Koloniebildungsmechanismen zu untersuchen eignen sich Fische, da sie leicht zu halten und einfacher zu manipulieren sind. Deshalb wahlten wir Neolamprologus caudopunctatus als Modellorganismus. Dieser monogame Buntbarsch ist endemisch im Tanganjika See, brutet in Kolonien und beide Eltern beteiligen sich an der Brutpflege. In drei Experimenten haben wir untersucht aus welchen Grunden N. caudopunctatus in Kolonien brutet. Im ersten Experiment, haben wir Parchen zwischen zwei unterschiedliche Habitattypen wahlen lassen und ihren Bruterfolg ermittelt. Im zweiten Experiment konnten sich jeweils sechs Parchen entweder einmal unter hohem Raubdruck oder einmal ohne Raubdruck in einem semi-naturlichen Habitat niederlassen und Brutterritorien etablieren. Anhand der Wahl der Brutplatze, konnten wir mittels eines Aggregations-Indexes feststellen ob Brutpaare sich aggregieren oder nicht. Wir untersuchten weiters, ob die Paare sich unterschiedlich verteilen in Abhangigkeit des Raubdrucks. Im dritten Experiment haben wir ein Paar entscheiden lassen ob es bevorzugt neben einem leeren Brutplatz oder einem Brutplatz, besetzt mit einem anderen Paar, brutet. Sobald das Paar gewahlt hatte, prasentierten wir Rauber um Revierverteidigungsverhalten beider Paare auszulosen und zu messen. Wir prasentierten die Rauber an vier verschiedene Stellen um synchrone Verteidigung beider Paare mit Einzelverteidigungen zu vergleichen. Im ersten Experiment zeigte sich, dass N. caudopunctatus bevorzugt in Blumentopfen im Gegensatz zu Schneckenhausern brutet. Im zweiten Experiment konnten wir keine Aggregation der Brutplatze erkennen, weder mit noch ohne Raubdruck. Im dritten Experiment konnten wir feststellen, dass Paare den Brutplatz in der Nahe eines anderen Paares bevorzugen. Auch profitierten die Paare von dieser Wahl, da sie dank der Verteidigung des Nachbarn weniger in die eigene Brutplatzverteidigung investieren mussen ohne dass sich der gesamte Verteidigungsaufwand verringerte. Zusammenfassend haben wir gezeigt dass N. caudopunctatus Paare, Brutplatze mit Nachbarn bevorzugen und von diesen bei der Brutplatzverteidigung profitieren. Auserdem konnten wir mit unserer Messmethode keine Aggregation zeigen und des weiteren dass Blumentopfe als Brutplatz bevorzugt werden
Discrete dynamics analysis for nonlinear collocated multivariable mass-damper-spring intelligent mechanical vibration systems

A new time-discretization method for the development of nonlinear collocated multivariable mass-damper-spring (MDS) intelligent mechanical vibration systems is proposed. It is based on the Runge-Kutta series expansion method and zero-order hold assumption. In this paper, we show that the mathematical structure of the new discretization scheme is explored and characterized in order to represent the discrete dynamics properties for nonlinear collocated multivariable MDS intelligent mechanical vibration systems. In particular, the decent effects of the time-discretization method on key properties of nonlinear multivariable MDS mechanical vibration systems, such as discrete zero dynamics and asymptotic stability, are examined. The resulting time-discretization provides discrete dynamics behavior for nonlinear MDS mechanical vibration systems, which enabling the application of existing controller design techniques. The ideas presented here generalize well-known results from the linear case to nonlinear plants.
Use of remote sensing methods in studying agricultural landscapes - a review

One of the advantages of remote sensing in agricult ural applications lies in its ability to classify a nd track changes occuring over large areas. Remote sensing i s commonly used for crop classification, for yield forecasts, and also for monitoring post-harvest res idues and on-site meteorological conditions. Land c over evaluations are most often performed using data fro m multispectral optical systems of sufficient spect ral resolution. To improve the spatial resolution, hype rspectral and radar data is often used. The classif ication accuracy of vegetation cover is influenced not only by the technical parameters of the sensors but als o by the physical and biological characteristics of the vege tation that is scanned, and by the conditions in th e locality. Satellite data conveniently supplies terrestrial in formation, and as the technologies for acquiring an d processing this information are continuously improv ing, they have huge potential in landscape monitori ng. In this paper, we summarize studies in the field of ag ricultural landscapes and their vegetation cover wi th the use of remote sensing. Methods of vegetation mapping based on the spectral behaviour of plants are discuss ed, and issues and factors that may affect classification a re also dealt with.
Evaluation of angiospermic epiphytes for the presence of bioactive phytochemicals with special reference to phenol and tannins

Plants are the major source of large amount of bioactive compounds viz., phenols, tannin, alkaloids, saponins and flavonoids. Secondary metabolites produced by angiospremic epiphytes have been known to relieve various diseases in both plants and human being. Phytochemical analysis of leaf extract of selected angiospermic epiphytes like Cuscuta reflexa Roxb. Viscum orientale Wild, Cymbidium bicolor (L.) Sw. , Bulbophyllum propinquum Kraenzl. Hoya ovalifolia Wild & Arnott and Dendrophthoe falcata (L. f.) Ettingsh indicated the variation in all the plants chosen. Total phenols and tannins content in both methanolic and aqueous extracts were found varied species wise and proved to be the good source of natural bioactive compounds may be used for the management of crops diseases caused by fungi.
Approximation of deterministic and stochastic Navier-Stokes equations in vorticity-velocity formulation

We consider a time discretization of incompressible Navier-Stokes equations with spatial periodic boundary conditions in the vorticity-velocity formulation. The approximation is based on freezing the velocity on time subintervals resulting in linear parabolic equations for vorticity. Probabilistic representations for solutions of these linear equations are given. At each time step, the velocity is expressed via vorticity using a formula corresponding to the Biot--Savart-type law. We show that the approximation is divergent free and of first order. The results are extended to two-dimensional stochastic Navier-Stokes equations with additive noise, where, in particular, we prove the first mean-square convergence order of the vorticity approximation.
Seasonal profiles of sex steroid hormones and corticosterone of Silver Pheasant Lophura nycthemera jonesi maintained in captivity

ABSTRACT Plasma levels of sex steroid hormones and a stress hormone were monitored in captive male and female Silver Pheasants Lophura nycthemera jonesi once a month for 12 months. The birds were reared in outdoor cages, each containing a male and a female, under natural conditions of temperature and photoperiod. The circulating hormone levels were measured by the radioimmunoassay (RIA) method. Male total testosterone level was clearly bimodal with maxima in February and July. However, male estradiol level remained low throughout the year. Female estradiol level surged significantly in February only and female total testosterone level peaked in February and July at the same time as the bimodal peaks of male total testosterone. Silver Pheasants maintained in captivity had lower corticosterone levels than those restrained in a small enclosure. In February, females in captivity laid 3–6 eggs per clutch. These results suggest that captivity is a valuable route for the better propagation of this species.
ercutaneous surgery for thoraco-lumbar fractures in ankylosing pondylitis : Study of 31 patients

Background: The risk of vertebral fracture is increased 4-fold in patients with ankylosing spondylitis (AS). Diagnostic challenges and the vulnerability associated with AS combine to generate high morbidity and mortality rates. The objective of this study was to assess the outcome of percutaneous thoraco-lumbar fracture surgery in patients with AS, in terms of quality of life, fracture healing, and complications. Hypothesis: Percutaneous surgery used to treat thoraco-lumbar fractures in patients with AS reliably provides fracture healing, preserves self-sufficiency, and minimises post-operative complications. Methods: Two centres included 31 patients with AS who were managed by percutaneous surgery for thoraco-lumbar fractures in 2013–2015. The data were reviewed retrospectively, although admission data were collected prospectively. Clinical outcomes were assessed by comparing the values at baseline and last follow-up of three variables: the Parker score, the visual analogue scale (VAS) pain score, and the EuroQol five dimensions (EQ-5D) quality-of-life score. Computed tomography was performed 1 year after surgery to evaluate bone healing, screw position, and implant loosening. Intraand post-operative complications were recorded. Results: The 31 patients had a mean age at surgery of 75.1 years, a mean follow-up of 35.6 months, and a minimum follow-up of 12 months. Three patients died during follow-up. Mean hospital stay duration was 6 days. Cemented screw fixation was used in 18 patients. At last follow-up, all patients had recovered their self-sufficiency; the mean Parker score was 7.14, compared to 6.73 at baseline, the mean VAS pain score was 1.8, and the mean EQ-5D score decrease versus baseline was 0.07 (P = 0.02). Bone healing was consistently achieved. Loosening of an uncemented pedicle screw was noted in 1 patient. Of the 228 screws implanted, 6 (2.6%) were improperly positioned, including 1 within the spinal canal in a patient free of neurological manifestations. Asymptomatic cement leakage was noted in 2 patients. Discussion: Percutaneous fixation of thoraco-lumbar fractures in patients with AS is a reliable method that produces a high healing rate and allows prompt patient mobilisation with preservation of self-sufficiency. The post-operative complication rate is low. Level of evidence: IV, retrospective observational study. © 2017 Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved.