Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Thermal-aware resource rebinding algorithm for timing optimization in 3D IC designs

This work proposes a resource rebinding algorithm in high-level synthesis of 3D IC designs to improve timing under a floorplan information with thermal profile. Our proposed algorithm iteratively extracts a set of operations on critical timing path and updates their bindings to fine-tune the timing variation caused by the irregular temperature distribution. Precisely, the algorithm rebinds operations so that the temperature-induced timing variations should be as low as possible while considering TSV (Through-Silicon Via) cost. Through experimentations using MediaBench designs, it is shown that our thermal-aware rebinding algorithm is able to reduce the design latency by 15% ∼ 20% further over the results by conventional thermal-unaware high-level synthesis.
Purple fringing correction using colorization in Yxy color space

Purple fringing is an undesirable artifact in digital camera. This paper proposes a new purple fringing correction method using colorization in Yxy color space. In the proposed method, a chromaticity diagram based method is first used to detect the purple fringed region, and then this region is corrected by colorization. Colorization is an effective method for correcting purple fringing. The colors of intact pixels near purple fringed region are set to those of seed pixels. Experimental results show that the regions, which are corrected by the proposed method, look more natural to human observers than those that are corrected by other existing methods.
Dual wire technique for aortic coarctation stent placement

A young adult presented for percutaneous treatment of a narrow aortic coarctation. A very large left subclavian artery originated immediately proximal to the coarctation. In order not to exclude or jail the left subclavian artery with a stent, a double wire technique was used. From a femoral approach, two guide wires were positioned, one in the aortic arch and another in the subclavian artery. A stent crimped over a 16‐mm balloon and a 4‐Fr catheter was advanced over the two wires within a 14‐Fr long introducer sheath. The stent was successfully deployed and molded within the bifurcation by a kissing balloon technique, relieving the obstruction and leaving a guaranteed passage to the subclavian artery. The double wire technique is an elegant way to deliver a stent safely across a narrowing with guaranteed access to important side branches. © 2011 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
A method of data propagation with operator intent delivery for wireless sensor networks

In this paper, we propose a data propagation method with operator intent delivery in Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs). The proposed algorithm propagates data by controlling the state of a sensor node depending on the delay requirements of a specific application. Also, the proposed algorithm allows users to interact with the WSNs to convey desired parameter values for the operations. Simulation results indicate that the proposed algorithm achieves reliable data propagation and user intent delivery while saving energy consumption.
Apolipoprotein A-I amyloidogenic variant L174S, expressed and isolated from stably transfected mammalian cells, is associated with fatty acids

Sixteen variants of apolipoprotein A-I (ApoA-I) are associated with hereditary systemic amyloidoses, characterized by amyloid deposition in peripheral organs of patients. As these are heterozygous for the amyloidogenic variants, their isolation from plasma is impracticable and recombinant expression systems are needed. Here we report the expression of recombinant ApoA-I amyloidogenic variant Leu174 with Ser (L174S) in stably transfected Chinese hamster ovary-K1 cells. ApoA-I variant L174S was found to be efficiently secreted in the culture medium, from which it was isolated following a one-step purification procedure. Mass spectrometry analyses allowed the qualitative and quantitative definition of the amyloidogenic variant lipid content, which was found to consist of two saturated and two monounsaturated fatty acids. Interestingly, the same lipid species were found to be associated with the wild-type ApoA-I, expressed and isolated using the same cell system, with lower values of the lipid to protein molar ratios with respect to the amyloidogenic variant. A possible role of fatty acids in trafficking and secretion of apolipoproteins may be hypothesized.
Murine Model of Neointimal Formation and Stenosis in Vein Grafts

Objective—Previous studies have suggested that neointimal formation, a central cause of vein graft stenosis, has several potential cell sources. It was hypothesized that neointimal cells arise primarily from the cells of the vein graft. Methods and Results—This study investigated vein graft neointimal cell origins using a model of vein-to-artery cross-transplantation between transgenic Rosa26 mice (constitutive expression of bacterial β-galactosidase marker gene) and wild-type mice. Vein-originating cells survived and make a major contribution to neointimal formation within the vein graft, mostly adjacent to the lumen/endothelium, suggesting an intimate association with endothelial cells. Cross-transplantation of veins from thrombomodulin promoter-driven β-galactosidase reporter transgenic mice to wild-type arteries demonstrated survival of vein graft endothelial cells. Neointimal thickening was greater at the proximal and, to a lesser extent, distal ends, in comparison to the middle of the graft. By contrast, arterial grafts had almost no neointimal formation throughout the graft. The relative neointimal wall thickness is much greater in this model compared with other murine and larger-species vein graft models, even showing near-occlusive stenosis of the perianastomotic region. Conclusions—Vein graft neointimal cells arise predominantly from vein-derived cells, suggesting clinical relevance of stenosis-inhibiting therapies directed at the vein graft.
[Epidemiology of persistent cough].

Persistent cough is a widespread symptom in the American population. It initially aroused the interest of the present investigators because of its apparent association with bronchiogenic carcinoma. This led to the study of environmental factors that might contribute to persistent cough. The present report concerns the results of investigations carried out among non-lung cancer patients on the east and west coasts of the United States. In a separate communication, data from a study of persistent cough in lung cancer patients will be presented. Several American and British studies have been concerned with the relation of environmental factors to persistent cough. These have been reviewed by the Surgeon General's advisory committee in its report on health and smoking ( 1) . On the whole, these studies have indicated a close relationship between smoking, particularly cigarette smoking, and persistent, productive cough. Information on this relationship, abstracted from the studies, is summarized in table 1. In general, the reports of these studies have not presented detailed information on smoking habits beyond the type of tobacco used and the amount smoked. In only a few of the studies have occupational factors been considered. However, when they have been considered ( 6, 15), no close association has been found between occupational background and persistent cough. Some of the other factors that have been thought to be related to cough are air pollution and climate (17, 18). British workers consider these factors to be of particular importance in the pathogenesis of chronic bronchitis which has a high prevalence rate among th~ population. Fletcher has stressed not only the
A soft-switched, flying inductor DC-DC converter suitable for photovoltaic panels

The paper presents a soft-switched, flying inductor DC/DC converter. The topology allows different ground levels of the input and the output side of a converter which can be beneficial for photovoltaic (PV) installations because it enables grounding of the DC side of PV panels. This reduces common mode current thorough the parasitic capacitances of the PV panels, which is the major issue of PV installations. A resonant capacitor placed in parallel with the link inductor acts as a lossless snubber reducing switching losses of the converter. In addition, the switches are turned on with zero voltage and zero current. Simulation and experimental results are provided.
B-cell depletion with rituximab in relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis.

BACKGROUND There is increasing evidence that B lymphocytes are involved in the pathogenesis of multiple sclerosis, and they may be a therapeutic target. Rituximab, a monoclonal antibody, selectively targets and depletes CD20+ B lymphocytes. METHODS In a phase 2, double-blind, 48-week trial involving 104 patients with relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis, we assigned 69 patients to receive 1000 mg of intravenous rituximab and 35 patients to receive placebo on days 1 and 15. The primary end point was the total count of gadolinium-enhancing lesions detected on magnetic resonance imaging scans of the brain at weeks 12, 16, 20, and 24. Clinical outcomes included safety, the proportion of patients who had relapses, and the annualized rate of relapse. RESULTS As compared with patients who received placebo, patients who received rituximab had reduced counts of total gadolinium-enhancing lesions at weeks 12, 16, 20, and 24 (P<0.001) and of total new gadolinium-enhancing lesions over the same period (P<0.001); these results were sustained for 48 weeks (P<0.001). As compared with patients in the placebo group, the proportion of patients in the rituximab group with relapses was significantly reduced at week 24 (14.5% vs. 34.3%, P=0.02) and week 48 (20.3% vs. 40.0%, P=0.04). More patients in the rituximab group than in the placebo group had adverse events within 24 hours after the first infusion, most of which were mild-to-moderate events; after the second infusion, the numbers of events were similar in the two groups. CONCLUSIONS A single course of rituximab reduced inflammatory brain lesions and clinical relapses for 48 weeks. This trial was not designed to assess long-term safety or to detect uncommon adverse events. The data provide evidence of B-cell involvement in the pathophysiology of relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis. (ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT00097188 [ClinicalTrials.gov].).
THE SENSITIVITY OF THE TURTLE'S EAR AS SHOWN BY ITS ELECTRICAL POTENTIALS.

Little is known about the performance of the ear of the turtle. Andrews' in 1915 suceeded in training five individuals of the genus Chrysemys to distinguish the sound of a whistle from that of a bell when one of these was made the positive signal for feeding. Poliakov2 reported the establishment of conditioned head withdrawal in three specimens of Emys orbicularis in response to a variety of tones and noises. On the other hand, Kuroda3 in two experiments, one of which used the same method as Andrews, failed to obtain any evidence of hearing in the Japanese turtle, Clemmys japonica. Three experiments have dealt with the turtle's ear by electrophysiological methods. Fok and Peroni4 in 1930 recorded from the facial-auditory nerve of the giant sea tortoise, Thalassochelys caretta, and obtained impulses on stimulation with strong tones from organ pipes with frequencies of 161/2, 33, and 132 cycles. Wever and Bray5 in 1931 obtained synchronized responses from the eighth nerve of the painted turtle, Chrysemys picta, for all tones up to 1,000 or 1,200 cycles, though the responses were feeble beyond 500 cycles. Adrian, Craik, and Sturdy6 obtained similar responses from the eighth nerve of the box turtle, Cistudo, and a land turtle Testudo graeca, on stimulation with tones up to 400 cycles, and in two specimens they obtained inner-ear potentials also for tones up to 700 or 800 cycles. The electrophysiological experiments are in agreement in indicating that the turtle's ear is responsive to low tones. But despite this evidence and the positive results obtained by Andrews and Poliakov, many herpetologists have held the opinion that turtles are completely deaf and that their ear is only a vestigial organ. Such a view was expressed by Pope7 in 1939 and by Carr8 in 1952. The present experiments have made use of the electrophysiological method, with measurements of the inner-ear potentials produced by sounds of known intensities. The results reported here were obtained -on twenty-one animals belonging to three related species: four wood turtles, Clemmys insculpla (Le Conte), nine painted turtles, Chrysemys picta picta (Schneider), and eight "Cumberland" turtles, Pseudemys scripta. The individuals comprising the last group showed some race variations and included P. scripta scripta (Schoepff), P. scripta elegans (Wied), and P. scripta troostii (Holbrook), as well as some intergrades among these but for present purposes these variations are of no significance. All these species belong to the family Emydidae.
Field evaluation of paralympic athletes in selected sports: implications for training.

PURPOSE The purpose of this study was 1) to describe the acute cardiorespiratory and metabolic responses of Paralympic athletes participating in the following five sports: Nordic sit skiing (NS, n = 5), wheelchair distance racing (WR, n = 6), wheelchair basketball (WB, n = 13), wheelchair fencing (WF, n = 6), and wheelchair tennis (WT, n = 4); and 2) to examine the relationship between field test performance and laboratory measures of aerobic fitness of these Paralympic athletes. METHODS Each athlete completed an incremental arm cranking exercise test to determine ventilatory threshold (VT) and peak oxygen uptake (VO2peak). Subsequently, field assessments were carried out using a telemetric system to measure the cardiorespiratory responses in their respective sport. RESULTS VT and VO2peak (both expressed in milliliters per kilogram per minute) of athletes competing in NS (38.3 +/- 5.76 and 51.0 +/- 6.92 mL x kg(-1) x min(-1)) and WR (35.5 +/- 5.96 and 48.1 +/- 6.35 mL x kg(-1) x min(-1)) were significantly higher (P < 0.05) than those competing in WB (26.0 +/- 2.13 and 36.9 +/- 3.70 mL x kg(-1) x min(-1)), WF (23.2 +/- 3.96 and 34.4 +/- 5.81 mL x kg(-1) x min(-1)), and WT (24.0 +/- 2.30 and 33.1 +/- 2.85 mL x kg(-1) x min(-1)). In the field tests, the average V O2, higher in NS and WR than in WB, WF, and WT, during NS, WR, WB, WF, and WT was 79.4% +/- 3.30%, 84.4% +/- 2.10%, 72.1% +/- 5.72%, 73.0% +/- 3.10%, and 73.0% +/- 1.91%, respectively, of VO2peak. There was a strong linear relationship between VO2 measured during the field tests and VT and VO2peak (R2 = 0.92 in each case). CONCLUSIONS Athletes regulated their average work intensity during the field tests in the five Paralympic sports to approximate their individualized VT measured during incremental arm cranking exercise test, and this intensity was within the range recommended by the American College of Sports Medicine to improve cardiorespiratory fitness in well-trained subjects. In addition, performance of Paralympic athletes in these sports was highly dependent upon athletes' aerobic fitness.
Report of the Working Group on Synchrotron Radiation Nomenclature - brightness, spectral brightness or brilliance?

There is nearly unanimous agreement across the synchrotron radiation community that a measure of the number of photons emitted per second per bandwidth per unit solid angle and unit area of the source is the proper way to characterize the radiation properties of thirdgeneration sources. What has not gained such uniform acceptance is the nomenclature for this quantity. This is most likely due to the fact that scientists from various disciplines and countries have contributed to this relatively new, but rapidly growing, field. Paging through the literature, one is likely to come across the words brilliance, brightness, spectral brightness etc. for this measure of this source property. Although there seems to be little correlation between nomenclature and geographical location, some correlation is found between the nomenclature and the generation of the source. Third-generation sources are more likely to call this quantity brilliance, if data taken from the facility’s web sites can be considered indicative of the facility management’s preference. However, even this observation is not fully consistent across all third-generation facilities. A quick search of ‘spectral brightness’ on the internet yields many hits from sites associated with both lasers and synchrotron radiation sources, while a search of ‘spectral brilliance’ leads to many fewer hits and from sites almost exclusively dealing with synchrotron radiation. Given this inconsistency within the synchrotron radiation community, looking at other (related) fields, such as classical optics and accelerator physics, may provide some insight. The National Institute of Standards and Technology in the US defines brightness as ‘ . the radiated power per unit solid angle per unit area normal to the direction . ’ and spectral brightness as ‘ . the brightness per unit frequency, the spectral radiance’. Spectral brightness has also found acceptance in the (visible light) laser community as a term to characterize the properties of laser light sources. In the accelerator physics community the generally accepted terminology (as no field seems to be fully consistent) for the particle density in phase space is brightness, i.e. the number of particles divided by the six-dimensional phase space.
A wide-band double-PLL microwave frequency synthesizer

We describe a wideband microwave frequency synthesizer operating from 2 to 18 GHz. The synthesizer is based on a YIG-tuned oscillator (YTO), a sampling phase detector (SPD) working as a sub-harmonically pumped mixer and a double PLL integrated circuit for stabilizing the frequencies of a local oscillator and the YTO. The whole circuitry is supervised by a microcontroller. For this design, we discuss the underlying issues that regard flexible frequency control and optimization of the phase noise performance.
Unify Markov model for Rational Design and Synthesis of More Safe Drugs. Predicting Multiple Drugs Side Effects

a Applied Chemistry Research Center, Central University of “Las Villas”, Santa Clara, 54830, Cuba b Chemical Bioactives Center, Central University of “Las Villas”, Santa Clara, 54830, Cuba c Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, 15782, Spain d Deparment of pharmacy and pharmaceutical technology, University of Velencia, Valencia, Spain. e Universitat Rostock, FB Chemie, Albert-Einstein-Str. 3a, D 18059 Rostock, Germany.
Risk factors for proliferative vitreoretinopathy

&NA; Despite the recent progress in vitreous surgery, treatment of proliferative vitreoretinopathy (PVR) is still difficult. Even if the reattachment of the retina is successful, visual prognosis is often unsatisfactory. Identification of clinical risk factors for PVR provides useful guidelines for planning the management of rhegmatogeneous retinal detachment. This review summarized the current concept for pathogenesis, clinical risk factors, and medical treatment for PVR. The presence of retinal breaks and the breakdown of the blood‐retinal barrier are prerequisite to development of PVR. Almost all risk factors for PVR are associated with intravitreal dispersion of retinal pigment epithelial cells or the breakdown of the blood‐retinal barrier.
DMSO-enhanced whole cell yeast transformation.

The transformation efficiency of Saccharomyces cerevisiae by the lithium acetate (LiOAc) method (1) is low compared with spheroplast (2) and electroporation (3) protocols. It is, however, quick and simple, making it ideal when a high efficiency of transformation is not essential. Dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) has previously been shown to enhance transformation of prokaryotes (4) and eukaryotes (5). We report a DMSO-modified version of
Generation 3: Improved performance at lower cost

This paper reports recent progress by SunPower Corporation to commercialize the Generation 3 product. The Generation 3 product has been designed to deliver both increased performance and lower manufacturing cost. Improved performance was achieved through optimization of the diffusion recombination losses. A conversion efficiency of 24.2% was achieved on a champion cell made on production equipment using a production wafer, 155.1cm2 n-type CZ. This result was verified by the National Renewable Energy testing Laboratory. Modules made with Generation 3 cells were measured by NREL to have > 20.4% total area efficiency (>332W with 1.63m2 modules). This paper presents the design changes before detailing the resulting performance.
Solving the traveling salesman problem using genetic algorithms with the new evaluation function

Traveling salesman problem is of the known and classical problems at Research in Operations. Many scientific activities can be solved as traveling salesman problem. Existing methods for solving hard problems (such as the traveling salesman problem) consists of a large number of variables and constraints which reduces their practical efficiency in solving problems with the original size. In recent decades, the use of heuristic and meta-heuristic algorithms such as genetic algorithms is considered. Due to the simple structure of meta-heuristic algorithms that have shown greater ability is more used by researchers in operational research. In this study, the improved genetic algorithm is used to solve TSP that the difference of it with the standard genetic algorithm is in the evaluation function. The new evaluation function is from a common evaluation function and a new idea
The Unanticipated Effects of Insider Trading Regulation

Using a sample of 2,827 firms from 21 countries we examine whether insider trading laws achieve the primary objective for which they are introduced ? protecting uninformed investors from private information-based trading. We find that when control is concentrated in the hands of a large shareholder, insider trading regulation is less effective in reducing private information-based trading if investor protection is poor. We suggest that controlling shareholders who are banned from trading may resort to covert expropriation of firm resources, creating more information asymmetry and thereby encouraging private information trading by informed outsiders. Consistent with this, we find evidence that when the rights of controlling shareholders are high, insider trading restrictions are associated with greater earnings opacity.
Neurofeedback treatment of epilepsy: from basic rationale to practical application

The treatment of epilepsy through operant conditioning of the sensorimotor rhythm electroencephalogram has a 35-year history. Neurophysiological studies have shown that this phasic oscillation reflects an inhibitory state of the sensorimotor system. Operant learning of sensory motor rhythm production results in an upregulation of excitation thresholds within the thalamocortical sensory and motor circuitry, which in turn is associated with reduced susceptibility to seizures. The clinical benefits derived from this neurofeedback training protocol, particularly in patients that are nonresponsive to pharmacotherapy, have been documented in many independent laboratories. Recent advances in computer technology have resulted in the availability of relatively inexpensive high-quality equipment for the application of neurofeedback therapy, thus presenting a viable and promising treatment alternative to the interested clinician.