Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Unicompartmental Osteoarthritis of the Knee: Diagnosis and Treatment of Malalignment

textabstractOsteoarthritis (OA) of the knee is a common medical condition that is often seen in general practice and causes considerable pain and immobility. In the United States, approximately 6% of the population aged 30 years and older and 12% of the population aged 65 years and older suffer from knee osteoarthritis.1 In addition to the consequences for the patient, osteoarthritis forms a considerable burden for society because of its chronic course and the high costs of interventions.2 In the Netherlands 1% of the total medical costs is spent on osteoarthritis.3 Osteoarthritis of the entire knee is distinguished from osteoarthritis of one compartment, which is generally caused by a mechanical problem.4 The mechanical axis of a straight leg is defined as a line passing from the centre of the hip, through the centre of the knee to the centre of the ankle.5 Patients with osteoarthritis of the medial compartment often have varus alignment, and the mechanical axis and load bearing pass through the medial compartment (=genu varum arthroticum). Patients with osteoarthritis of the lateral compartment often have a valgus alignment, and the mechanical axis and load bearing pass through the lateral compartment (genu valgum arthroticum). Axial malalignment (varus or valgus alignment) increases the risk for progression of knee osteoarthritis and predicts a decline in physical function.6 Besides the usual treatment for osteoarthritis, specific interventions for unicompartmental knee osteoarthritis include conservative interventions e.g. (knee braces and foot/ ankle orthoses) as well as surgical treatments (e.g. a correction osteotomy to reduce load of the osteoarthritic compartment of the knee). 7-15 The anterior-posterior whole leg radiograph (WLR) is considered the gold standard for determining axial alignment and serves as the basis for planning a knee osteotomy in patients with osteoarthritis. In many studies the WLR has been made in standing position, whereas others have preferred the supine position.13,14,16,17
Web-scale knowledge-base construction via statistical inference and learning

Knowledge-base construction (KBC) is the process of populating a knowledge base (KB) with facts (or assertions) extracted from text. Bearing the promise of being a key technology of next-generation information systems, KBC has garnered tremendous interest from both academia and industry. A general trend in state-of-the-art KBC systems is the use of statistical inference and learning, which allow a KBC system to combine a wide range of data resources and techniques. In particular, two general techniques have gained significant interest from KBC researchers: the distant supervision technique for statistical learning, and the Markov logic framework for statistical inference. This dissertation examines the application of distant supervision and Markov logic to web-scale KBC. Specifically, to fill a gap in the literature, we perform a systematic study on distant supervision to evaluate the impact of input sizes on the quality of KBC, hence providing guidelines for KBC system builders. While Markov logic has been shown to be effective for many text-understanding applications including KBC, the scalability of statistical inference in Markov logic remains a critical challenge. Inspired by ideas from data management and optimization, we propose two novel approaches that scale up Markov logic by orders of magnitude. Furthermore, we encapsulate our research findings into a general-purpose KBC system called Elementary, and deploy it to build a demonstration called DeepDive that reads hundreds of millions of web pages to enhance Wikipedia. Based on the above contributions, this dissertation shows that the distant supervision technique for statistical learning and the Markov logic framework for statistical inference are indeed effective approaches to web-scale KBC.
Multigranular optical router for future networks

The future optical network needs to offer dynamic bandwidth allocation with the ability to adapt to application bandwidth requirements by providing transport granularity at the appropriate bit rate. A key element in such a network is a high-speed multigranular optical router that is able to support wavelength and subwavelength switching. This paper proposes advanced switching and router technologies suitable for such a network. A generic architecture for a multigranular optical switch comprising optical wavelength switching, optical time division multiplexing, optical packet switchng, and optical burst switching is proposed followed by specific designs for each part of the multigranular switch. This includes a design for an optical time-slot switch followed by a design for optical-packet- and burst-switched core and edge routers. Finally, an example is provided to show how these technologies can be combined to provide connectivity for applications with different bandwidth granularities.
Increased glycemic variability in type 2 diabetes patients treated with insulin - a real-life clinical practice, continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) study

Abstract Chronic hyperglycemia is an important cause for the development of chronic complications of diabetes, but glycemic variability has emerged in recent years as an independent contributor to diabetes-related complications. Our objective was to evaluate glycemic variability in patients with T2DM treated with insulin compared with other antidiabetic drugs. In this retrospective study, we collected 24-hour continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) recording data from 95 patients with T2DM, of which 27 treated with insulin and 68 with non-insulin treatment. We calculated and compared 16 glucose variability parameters in the insulin-treated and non-insulin treated groups. Insulin treated patients had significantly higher values of parameters describing the amplitude of glucose value fluctuations (standard deviation of glucose values, percentage coefficient of variation [%CV], and mean amplitude of glycemic excursion [MAGE], p <0.05) and time-dependent glucose variability (percentage of time with glycemic values below 70 mg/dl and continuous overall net glycemic action [CONGA] at 2, 4 and 6 hours, p <0.05). In conclusion, insulin therapy in T2DM is correlated with significantly higher glycemic variability.
Prediction value of serum Ca 125 level in benefit secondary cytoreduction in advanced ovarian cancer patients

determined using the statistical Whitney-Mann test and receiver operating characteristic curve. Optimal second cytoreduction was performed in 29 patients (69%) using the diameter of the largest residual tumor mass of less than 1 cm. Mean serum Ca 125 concentrations in this group reached values of 101.88 U/ml. In 13 women (31%) not optimally debulking, Ca 125 level reached the mean value of 542.41 U/ml. The most suitable Ca 125 cutoff value was 81.28 U/ml. The positive predictive value reached 88% and the negative predictive value reached 64%. Our results showed that serum Ca 125 level of 100 U/ml or less can indicate the most appropriate moment for interval debulking surgery independent of the number of the chemotherapy courses applied before.
A CASE OF ALLEEGY TO COMMON FOODS

The idiosyncrasy of certain individuals to common foods has been recognized for many years, but until recently our knowledge has depended mainly on isolated clinical observations, and the essential causes of the condition have remained obscure. Through the courtesy of Dr. Eli Long of this city I have had the opportunity to investigate a case of pronounced idiosyncrasy to eggs, almonds and oats in a child 8 years old, the data from which furnish the basis of this communication. At the very outset I wish to acknowledge my great indebtedness to Dr. Long for the privilege of observing the case and for a number of valuable suggestions. I. HISTORY Family History. —The maternal grandmother is affected with ichthyosis; with this exception the family history is irrelevant. Personal History. —The patient, an only child, was born at term, May 10, 1904. Delivery was by low forceps and the infant was entirely
Big brother or brave new world? Telecare and its implications for older people’s independence and social inclusion

Telecare is advocated as a means of effectively and economically delivering health and social care services in people’s homes, using technology that can monitor activities and safety, provide virtual home visiting, activate reminder systems, increase home security and convey information. Significant planned investment by central government will be rewarded if telecare results in fewer older people requiring institutional care, and more remaining independent in their own homes longer than would otherwise be the case. This paper, which reports on focus group work with older people, carers and professional stakeholders, considers key issues rarely addressed in provider-led studies. Emerging social policy implications centre on the potential impact of telecare on service users’ autonomy and privacy and, controversially, as a replacement for human support. We argue that the development of relevant policy and practice in respect of telecare has to pay close and careful attention to concerns held by all stakeholders, particularly in regard to individual choice, surveillance, risk-taking and quality of service.
Heap: pleasures and pains

Introduction Are you a happy-go-lucky user of dynamically allocated C/C++ objects? Do you use Automation extensively for communicating back and forth between modules? Is it possible that your program is slow because of heap allocation? You are not alone. Almost all projects run into heap issues sooner or later. The common tendency is to say, "It's the heap that's slow and my code is really good. " Well, that is partially right. It pays to understand more about heap, its usage, and what can happen.
Study of environmental and biological factors that affect larval survival in sessile coastal marine organisms

La reproduccio sexual es un proces biologic fonamental per a la majoria de les especies vives, sent essencial per a la perpetuacio de les especies i assegurar-ne la diversitat genetica. En invertebrats sessils marins, com corals i gorgonies, aquest tipus de reproduccio, a mes, permet la dispersio dels individus, el que facilita la colonitzacio de noves arees i assegurar el flux de gens entre poblacions. En general, la reproduccio sexual es caracteritza per un alt cost energetic, la qual cosa implica que els organismes han de trobar un equilibri entre el creixement, la supervivencia i la reproduccio. La diferent assignacio d'energia en la reproduccio, la supervivencia i el creixement es reflecteix en les diferents estrategies reproductives. Els invertebrats sessils mostren dues estrategies reproductives principals: 1) la produccio d'un gran nombre de petites larves, o 2) la produccio de poques pero grans larves. En aquest context, el nombre de larves pot influir en la quantitat d'energia invertida pels pares i per tant en la seva supervivencia, mentre que la talla pot afectar a l'energia disponible/emmagatzemada en les larves i per tant a la supervivencia de la descendencia. La supervivencia de les larves i la de les colonies parentals pero, tambe pot dependre de la estrategia trofica. En corals i gorgonies no simbiotiques, l'adquisicio d'energia deriva de la captura de materia organica particulada en suspensio a la columna d'aigua, pero la abundancia d'aquest aliment pot presentar fluctuacions aleatories. En les especies simbiotiques, el carboni autotrofic produit pels simbionts s'utilitza per cobrir la major part de les necessitats metaboliques de la colonia, no obstant, la seva obtencio esta fortament relacionada amb la intensitat de la llum. Per tant, la combinacio de autotrofia i heterotrofia (mixotrofica) es una forma de maximitzar l'adquisicio de nutrients i l'exit ecologic en ambients on la llum i la concentracio de plancton poden ser molt variables i sovint limitant. Es important destacar que l'assignacio energetica de la colonia a les larves tambe pot ser un punt clau per entendre el potencial de les noves generacions per colonitzar nous espais. Per tal d'entendre com el cost energetic de la reproduccio afecta les diferents etapes del cicle de vida, la present tesi analitza la inversio energetica en la reproduccio, els efectes d'aquesta inversio en la supervivencia de les colonies parentals i la energia transferida a les larves, en tres especies de gorgonies del Mar Mediterrani (Corallium rubrum, Eunicella singularis i Paramuricea clavata) d'acord amb la seva estrategia reproductiva i trofica. Per a aquest objectiu, els metodes classics (es a dir, la produccio de gametes) es van combinar amb nous enfocaments bioquimics (es a dir, contingut de lipids i contingut i composicio d'acids grassos). Es important destacar que a causa de la seleccio de diferents estrategies trofiques i reproductives, la present tesi representa un cas d'estudi que pot ser aplicat facilment en altres zones del mon.
Needs analysis phase of a Cooperative Information System using viewpoints

In this paper we propose an approach which allows to define the Requirement Engineering phase of a Coopera-tive Information System (CIS). We used a notion of software engineering: the viewpoints. CIS is a complex system, it in-volves the cooperation of many stakeholders in a common purpose and each with their own viewpoint. This is why we used the notion of viewpoints, in order to decompose and partition the needs of a CIS according to the viewpoint of each stakeholder, to simplify its modeling. This approach defines a meta-model of viewpoint that will allow us to in-stance the necessary viewpoints to define the needs and re-quirements of a CIS.
PWE-055 Endoscopic Ultrasound Guided Radiofrequency Ablation (EUS-RFA) for Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma

Introduction The five year survival for pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is less than 5% in spite of the advances in management of cancers in the last few decades. Even though surgical resection remains the only potentially curative treatment for PDAC, only 10–20% of patients are candidates for pancreatic resection with almost 50% of patients having distant spread of tumour and approximately one-third manifesting locally advanced disease. Kahaleh and colleagues have demonstrated that EUS guided RF ablation (EUS-RFA) of the pancreatic head using Habib EUS-RFA catheter (Emcision Ltd, UK) was well tolerated in 5 Yucatan pigs and with minimal pancreatitis (1). The aim of this report is to outline the feasibility, safety, complications and early results of EUS-RFA using Habib catheter in patients with inoperable PDAC. Methods Seven patients underwent EUS-RFA of PDAC. A novel monopolar radiofrequency (RF) catheter (1.2 mm Habib EUS-RFA catheter, Emcision Ltd, London) was placed through a 19 or 22 gauge fine needle aspiration (FNA) needle after FNA was performed. Results Seven patients had EUS-RFA of PDAC with a median age of 69 (range 50 – 77) years. There were 3 female and 4 male patients. Five patients had PDAC in the head of pancreas whilst two had in the body of pancreas. RF was applied at 5 watts, 10 watts and 15 watts in an incremental manner in 1, 3 and 3 patients respectively. The median number of applications were 3 (range 2 – 4) and each application was 90 seconds. The EUS-RFA was completed in all patients. The mean size was 35.2mm and the post procedure imaging in 3–6 months showed decrease in size of the lesion in two patients, whilst the lesions were unchanged in the rest of the patients. There were no early complications like injury or perforation of duodenal or gastric wall, bleeding or severe pancreatitis. All patients stayed overnight after the procedure for observation and four were discharged next day and there were no readmissions post procedure due to pain. One patient had mild pancreatitis which settled with conservative management and was discharged 3 days post procedure. Conclusion EUS- RFA of PDAC with a novel monopolar RF probe was well tolerated in 7 patients. The initial results suggest that the procedure is technically relatively easy and safe Disclosure of Interest M. Pai: None Declared, J. Yang: None Declared, X. Zhang: None Declared, Z. Jin: None Declared, D. Wang: None Declared, H. Senturk: None Declared, S. Lakhtakia: None Declared, D. N. Reddy: None Declared, M. Kahaleh: None Declared, N. Habib Shareholder of: EMcision Limited, London, United Kingdom, Conflict with: Director, EMcision Limited, London, United Kingdom, W. Brugge: None Declared. Reference Gaidhane M et.al. Endoscopic Ultrasound-Guided Radiofrequency Ablation (EUS-RFA) of the Pancreas in a Porcine Model. Gastroenterol Res Pract. 2012; 431451.
Biyolojik Çeşitliliğe ve Ekosistem Hizmetlerine Katkı Sağlayan Kentsel Projeler

Kentsel alanlar, kent nufusundan daha hizli genismektedir. Bu kentsel genisleme, dogal kaynaklari buyuk oranda etkilemekte ve baslica tarim arazilerini tuketmektedir, dolaysila emisyonlari, ekosistemleri ve biyocesitliligi olumsuz yonde etkilemektedir. Ancak, sehircilerin cabalari ve peyzaj projeleri, savunmasiz ekosistemlerin ve biyolojik cesitliligin korumasi ve yonetmesi icin onemli bir rol oynayabilir. Kent parklari, medyan yesil seritleri ve agac dikme calismalari, kent sakinlerine daha huzurlu ortamlar sunup ve yaban hayati icin bir siginak saglayabilir. Son yillarda, bireysel sehirler, ekosistem kaynaklarin yonetiminde ve biyocesitliligin gelistirmesinde, bolgesel ve hatta kuresel olcekte artan bir sorumluluk almaya baslamislardir. Bu makalenin amaci, ekosistem yonetimine katkida bulunabilir ve biyolojik cesitliligini gelistirebilir kentsel projelere ait bazi tekniklerin aciklanmasidir. Bu arastirmada, dunya capinda, gerceklestirilmis olan modern projelerinin, ozelliklerini ve stratejilerini belirlemeye calisilarak, islevleri ile meseleyi nasil ele aldigini ortaya koymustur. Ornekler hakkinda verileri elde etmek icin masa arastirmasi yani ikincil veriler olarak, internet, kutuphane, devlet kurumlari ve belediyeler tarafindan yayinlanan raporlardan yararlanmistir. Sonunda, ekosistem hizmetlerine ve biyolojik cesitlilige katki saglamak ve iyilestirmek icin bazi kritik kentsel yaklasimlari ozetlenmistir; Kentleri cevreleyen sulak alanlarin korunmasi veya iyilestirilmesi; ormani, yerli yesil alanlari ve uzak ekosistemin korumasi, Kentsel tarim ve cati bahceciligin yapilmasi; yerli bitki yetistirilmesi; Cevrenin egitilmesi; parcalanmis ekosistemleri birbirine baglanmasi; Atik yonetimi ile kirliligin azaltilmasi gibi. Bu calismanin sonuclari, planlamacilar, tasarimcilar ve peyzaj yoneticileri icin sehir ve sehir disi yonetim, tasarim ve planlama stratejileri konusunda yararli olabilir.
An Investigation of Algorithmic Aesthetics

This paper describes an investigation of aesthetics in terms of algorithms. The main result of the work is the development of a formalism, an aesthetic system, for the algorithmic specification of aesthetic viewpoints. An aesthetic viewpoint is taken to consist of a collection of interpretative conventions and evaluative criteria for art. Interpretative conventions determine how an object can be understood as a work of art; evaluative criteria determine the judged quality of such an object when it is understood in this way. Viewpoints vary for different people, different cultures and different art forms. These systems allow for the specification of different viewpoints in terms of a uniformly structured system of algorithms. An example of an aesthetic system for nonfigurative, rectilinear pictures is given. This system is applied to six pictures shown in the paper. The computer implementation of the system is described briefly.
Cardiovascular risk in Type 2 diabetes – reflecting on the ADVANCE study

The world is facing an unprecedented increase in type 2 diabetes. Most disability and premature mortality experienced by patients with diabetes is related to vascular disease and, in particular, macrovascular disease (such as coronary heart disease and stroke) and microvascular disease (such as retinopathy, nephropathy and neuropathy). Indeed, around 1.9 million cardiovascular deaths worldwide are attributable to high blood glucose levels and diabetes, as well as to their associated dangerous companions of high blood pressure and abnormal lipid levels. The global economic costs of diabetes, including foregone economic growth and increasing healthcare expenditure, are substantial and are anticipated to grow. Therefore, strategies to reduce disease burden have continued to focus on reducing cardiovascular risk. Recently, a number of large-scale clinical trials have evaluated approaches for managing cardiovascular risk in patients with type 2 diabetes. Among them the Action in Diabetes and Vascular Disease: PreterAx and DiamicroN MR Controlled Evaluation (ADVANCE) trial has reported the effects of blood pressure lowering and intensive glucose control on major vascular events in patients with established type 2 diabetes. In this article we summarise the findings of the ADVANCE trial and discuss its relevance to the management of cardiovascular risk in patients with type 2 diabetes worldwide.
Ubiquitous Computing, Complexity and Culture

The ubiquitous nature of mobile and pervasive computing has begun to reshape and complicate our notions of space, time, and identity. In this collection, over thirty internationally recognized contributors reflect on ubiquitous computings implications for the ways in which we interact with our environments, experience time, and develop identities individually and socially. Interviews with working media artists lend further perspectives on these cultural transformations. Drawing on cultural theory, new media art studies, human-computer interaction theory, and software studies, this cutting-edge book critically unpacks the complex ubiquity-effects confronting us every day. The companion website can be found here: http://ubiquity.dk
Doppler transcraneal y cese de la circulación cerebral en muerte encefálica

cion en tiempo real acerca de la estructura anatomica y del fl ujo sanguineo. La aparicion del Doppler transcraneal en 1982 permitio conocer las condiciones hemodinamicas de la circulacion intracraneal.1-3 La ultrasonografia Doppler transcraneal (DTC) tambien ha supuesto un avance signifi cativo en el diagnostico de muerte encefalica. En esta situacion, las modifi caciones observadas en el ultrasonido en un paciente que va desarrollando un paro circulatorio cerebral por el incremento progresivo de la presion intracraneal consisten en:
Aspirin Versus Low-Dose Low-Molecular-Weight Heparin: Antithrombotic Therapy in Pediatric Ischemic Stroke Patients

Background and Purpose— We sought to compare different antithrombotic secondary treatments (mainly medium-dose aspirin with low-dose low-molecular-weight heparin [LMWH]) in pediatric patients with a first ischemic stroke onset with regard to the risk of stroke recurrence. Methods— The population comprised 135 consecutively recruited children aged ≥6 months to ≤18 years with a first episode of ischemic stroke (idiopathic, n=79; cardiac, n=15; vascular, n=30; infectious, n=11). The stroke patients enrolled received prophylactic antithrombotic therapy (aspirin, n=49; LMWH, n=86) in a nonrandomized fashion and were prospectively followed up for a median (range) of 36 (8 to 48) months. The study end point was recurrent stroke. Results— Recurrent ischemic stroke was diagnosed at a median (range) of 5 (2 to 13) months after the first stroke onset in 13 of the 135 children (9.6%) receiving antithrombotic therapy. In the majority of cases (84.6%) the same vascular territory was involved. No significant difference .