Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Therapy with boceprevir or telaprevir in HIV/hepatitis C virus co-infected patients to treat recurrence of hepatitis C virus infection after liver transplantation

Objective:Severe hepatitis C virus (HCV) recurrence affects post-transplant survival in HIV/HCV co-infected patients. This article describes the results of triple anti-HCV therapy with boceprevir or telaprevir in seven HIV/HCV co-infected patients following liver transplantation. Methods:All patients had severe HCV recurrence [fibrosis stage ≥F2 or acute hepatitis ≥A2 (n = 5) or fibrosing cholestatic hepatitis (n = 2)] associated with genotype 1a (n = 4) or 1b (n = 3). Patients were treated with Peg-interferon/ribavirin and boceprevir (n = 2) or telaprevir (n = 5) immediately (n = 3) or after a 4-week lead-in phase (n = 4). Immunosuppression included either cyclosporine (n = 5) or tacrolimus (n = 2). Prior to introducing telaprevir, combined antiretroviral therapy was switched in one patient to prevent drug–drug interactions. Results:At 24 weeks after the end of treatment, sustained virological response was observed in 60% (3/5) of the patients treated with telaprevir; no responders were observed in the boceprevir group. Triple anti-HCV therapy was prematurely discontinued in six patients [treatment failure (n = 2), infection (n = 2), acute rejection (n = 1) and myocardial infarction (n = 1)]. Anaemia occurred in all patients, requiring erythropoietin, ribavirin dose reduction and red blood cell transfusions in five patients.Average cyclosporine doses were reduced by 50–84% after telaprevir initiation and by 33% after boceprevir initiation. Tacrolimus doses were reduced by 95% with telaprevir. Conclusion:Our data suggest that in HIV/HCV co-infected patients, triple anti-HCV therapy with telaprevir greatly improved efficacy despite poor tolerability. Significant decreases in cyclosporine or tacrolimus doses are necessary prior to introduction of boceprevir or telaprevir. Close monitoring is essential to prevent drug–drug interactions among antiretroviral therapy, immunosuppressive agents and anti-HCV therapy.
Towards patient-driven phenotyping and similarity for precision medicine

Clinical phenotyping provides important insight into the manifestation and outcome of rare and complex diseases. Traditional phenotyping techniques often require multiple iterations of refinement with a domain expert, lack interoperability, and have limited reproducibility. In comparison, patient similarity-based techniques derive personalized patient risk models that are highly accurate, even when applied to sparse data or poorly characterized diseases/outcomes. We introduce a novel, semi-supervised data-driven method for applying clinical similarity to pediatric phenotyping. patient similarity-based by developing a to measure patient-level clinical similarity
ANÁLISE DA ADOÇÃO DE SISTEMAS DE RASTREABILIDADE BOVINA NO BRASIL: ESTUDOS DE CASO NOS SEGMENTOS DE PRODUÇÃO, INDÚSTRIA E COMÉRCIO.

O Sistema Brasileiro de Identificacao e Certificacao de Origem Bovina e Bubalina, o SISBOV, completou no inicio de 2006 quatro anos de existencia. Criado principalmente como uma resposta as exigencias europeias, o SISBOV ja passou por uma serie de ajustes e modificacoes em sua estrutura de funcionamento. A partir da analise de estudos de caso envolvendo bovinocultores de corte e leite, bubalinocultores, frigorificos e empresas de comercio varejista, o presente trabalho tece um panorama sobre a implementacao da rastreabilidade na producao brasileira de bovinos, verificando, por exemplo, que o sistema ainda apresenta problemas, sendo pouco adotado por medios e pequenos produtores, principalmente da atividade leiteira. O resultado da pesquisa ressalta ainda que a rastreabilidade e a certificacao de origem sao usadas com pelo menos cinco propositos diferentes: como requisitos a exportacao, como ferramentas para melhoria da qualidade do produto, como estrategias de diferenciacao do produto, como instrumentos para a gestao dos rebanhos ou ainda como suporte a coordenacao da cadeia produtiva.
Coverage Improvements for Enhanced Uplink

In UMTS Enhanced Uplink (EUL), 2 and 10 ms TTIs are supported, which substantially decreases latency and increases data rates compared to DCH. However, due to the shorter TTI compared to DCH, coverage may be an issue in situations where the use of multiple re-transmissions is not feasible. This paper evaluates four possible methods to increase the EUL coverage: Configurable minimum data power offset, Freezing the Outer Loop Power Control (Freezing OLPC), Autonomous Retransmission (AR) and Improved Layer 2 (Improved L2). The coverage gains with all these methods are considerable compared to EUL Release 6 (R6). By tuning the minimum data power offset for VoIP, it is found that a coverage gain of 4-5 dB is achievable. With Improved L2 and 120 bits as the smallest transport block size, a coverage gain of up to 7 dB is possible.
Klestadt's Cyst: Case Report

Klestadt’s cyst, more commonly known as the nasolabial cyst, is an uncommon, non-odontogenic, and soft tissue cyst. It is classified as a fissural cyst, found outside the bone, and on the region corresponding to the nasolabial furrow and alar nose. Following its description first by Zukuerkandl in 1882, only 267 cases have been found in English literature. In spite of the low occurrence of nasolabial cysts, it is important to recognize the clinical characteristics of this lesion. The purpose of this report is to review the literature and discuss the histomorphology and etiology of this condition, and also its management by surgical excision. As per our experience, sublabial approach is the best for complete and scarless excision of this cyst.
Carburants alternatifs et santé publique : évaluation quantitative des impacts sanitaires associés à l'introduction des véhicules roulant à l'éthanol dans le parc roulant français

Dans le cadre de la nouvelle politique energetique pour l'Europe, l'Union Europeenne a adopte une Directive communautaire 2003/30/CE contraignant la substitution d'un minimum de 10 % des petrocarburants classiques dans le secteur du transport par des agrocarburants, issus de la biomasse, d'ici 2020. Le remplacement progressif d'une part du parc automobile par des vehicules a motorisation flex-fuel (FFV), adaptes a la consommation de carburants a fortes teneurs en ethanol tel que le E85 (melange de 85 % d'ethanol et de 15 % d'essence), constitue l'une des actions-clefs envisagees pour l'atteinte de ces objectifs. Dans ce contexte, cette etude vise a caracteriser l'evolution des impacts sanitaires attribuables au transport routier, generee par l'introduction et le developpement de l'emploi de ces vehicules alternatifs, suivant l'examen comparatif de 3 scenarios de configuration du parc roulant : i) parc actuel, considere sans FFV-E85, ii) parc actuel dont 10 % des vehicules legers a motorisation essence sont remplaces par des FFV-E85, iii) parc actuel dont 10 % des vehicules legers a motorisation diesel sont remplaces par des FFV-E85. La premiere partie de ce document rend compte du travail de synthese bibliographique sur lequel se fondent les choix techniques effectues pour mener au mieux cette etude dont la realisation est presentee en detail dans la seconde partie du meme document. Les concentrations atmospheriques de 7 polluants selectionnes (PM10, NO2, CO, benzene, 1,3-butadiene formaldehyde et acetaldehyde) ont ete evaluees pour les zones urbaines du territoire national segmentees en 4 995 mailles de 4x4 km. Les risques sanitaires ont ensuite ete calcules sur la base de ces donnees par la combinaison de 2 methodes distinctes : l'Evaluation Quantitative des Risques Sanitaires (EQRS) et l'Evaluation de l'Impact Sanitaire (EIS). Les resultats de l'etude montrent que les modifications de la configuration du parc roulant determinees dans les scenarios de substitution entrainent de faibles variations des impacts sanitaires. Sur la base des hypotheses considerees, l'introduction des FFV-E85 tend globalement a diminuer les impacts sanitaires du trafic routier, le remplacement des vehicules diesel apparaissant plus favorable que celui des vehicules essence (diminutions du nombre de deces de, respectivement, 1,08-2,67 % contre 0,00-0,04 %). Ces resultats et les perspectives qui y sont consequentes sont enfin discutees a la lumiere des incertitudes identifiees.
Cheap and automated socio-technical attacks based on social networking sites

The vastly and steadily increasing data pool collected by social networking sites can have severe implications once this information becomes available to attackers. Whilst socio-technical attacks such as social engineering relied upon expensive background information collection techniques such as dumpster diving, social engineering attacks can nowadays be fully automated with data collected from social networking sites. In this paper we discuss several socio-technical attacks to finally present a novel large-scale social spam attack based on social networking sites.
Hacia el pleno ejercicio de derechos en la niñez y adolescencia : propensiones, retos y desigualdades en la Argentina urbana (2010- 2012)

El proposito de este libro es evaluar los primeros tres anos del periodo del Bicentenario (2010-2011-2012) en aquellas dimensiones del desarrollo humano y social que guardan correlato con derechos vigentes para la poblacion de ninos, ninas y adolescentes en la Argentina. Tal como hemos senalado en las diferentes publicaciones del Barometro de la Deuda Social de la Infancia, el Estado argentino avanzo de modo notable en la creacion de jurisprudencia en el campo de los derechos sociales y en particular en los derechos de la ninez y adolescencia, generando simultaneamente una politica de proteccion social a la ninez, como es el sistema de Asignacion Universal por Hijo (AUH), que habria alcanzado una cobertura de 3,5 millones de chicos/as a comienzos del Bicentenario y tuvo un rol fundamental en la crisis internacional (2008-2009), papel que continua cumpliendo en la actual coyuntura a nivel de los hogares con ninos/as mas vulnerables. La sociedad argentina ingreso al periodo del Bicentenario tras la crisis internacional 2008-2009, que en el ambito local se expreso a traves de un estancamiento del crecimiento economico e incremento de la inflacion. Ya iniciado el periodo del Bicentenario (2010-2011), la economia logro una notable recuperacion que se manifesto en un vigoroso mercado interno; al tiempo que se obtuvo un positivo aunque retraido resultado primario de las cuentas publicas (CIFRA, 2013). Mientras que los niveles de pobreza se mantuvieron relativamente estables, la indigencia se redujo sensiblemente. Se conjetura que esta disminucion se asocia principalmente a los ingresos provenientes de la Asignacion Universal por Hijo (AUH), fuente principal de ingresos de los sectores sociales mas vulnerables (CIFRA, 2013; ODSA-UCA, 2013). En este contexto, la pregunta que oriento la presente publicacion es: ? en que medida la recuperacion economica de los dos primeros anos del periodo del Bicentenario, junto a la mayor proteccion social a la infancia via AUH, tuvo un efecto positivo en la pobreza e indigencia de los hogares con ninos/as? Asimismo, nos preguntamos sobre el efecto de la desaceleracion de la economia hacia finales del tercer ano del periodo. Sin embargo, estos interrogantes no pueden cenirse a aspectos vinculados con la pobreza economica, por cuanto solo son reflejo de la capacidad de subsistencia de los hogares y existen otras carencias sociales que son invisibles a la estructura de ingresos de los hogares e incluso a la estructura de gasto de los mismos.
HIV Prevention for Latino Adolescent Mothers and Their Partners

This study evaluates the outcomes of a theory-based, couple-focused HIV prevention program for Latino adolescent mothers and their male partners. The sample includes 49 couples (98 individuals) who receive either the intervention or only an HIV information session (comparison). The six-session, culturally appropriate intervention was developed through a community—academic partnership. Findings at the 6-month evaluation show that the probability of unprotected sex is significantly reduced and intentions to use condoms increase over time for participants in the experimental group, compared with the comparison group (p < .001), although AIDS knowledge improves for participants in both groups. Females in both groups have higher intentions of using condoms (p < .01) and lower probability of unsafe sex (p < .05) at baseline and over time, compared with their male partners. The intervention is well accepted by the inner-city adolescents and is realistic for implementation in a community setting.
Humoral Control of Erythropoietic Activity in Man During and After Altitude Exposure.∗

Summary The erythropoietic stimulating factor was studied in natives and newcomers to high altitude (14,900 feet). An increase was found only in the group of newcomers after 24 hours of exposure. The possibility of the existence of an erythropoietic depressing factor is suggested from the investigation of a group of high altitude polycythemic subjects brought down to sea level, where they were followed 72 hours, 10 days and 20 days after arrival. Plasma obtained from them at these time periods when injected into rats had a depressing erythropoietic action.
Ionotropic P2X purinoreceptors mediate synaptic transmission in rat pyramidal neurones of layer II/III of somato‐sensory cortex

Fast P2X receptor‐mediated excitatory postsynaptic current (EPSC) was identified in pyramidal neurones of layer II/III of somato‐sensory cortex in acutely isolated slices obtained from the brain of 17‐ to 22‐day‐old rats. The EPSCs were elicited by electrical stimulation of vertical axons originating from layer IV‐VI neurones at 0.1 Hz in the presence of bicuculline. When the glutamatergic EPSC was blocked by saturating concentrations of glutamate receptor inhibitors 2,3‐dioxo‐6‐nitro‐1,2,3,4‐tetrahydrobenzo‐[f]‐quinoxaline‐7‐sulphonamide (NBQX) and D‐(‐)‐2‐amino‐5‐phosphonopentanoic acid (D‐AP5), a small EPSC component was recorded from 90 % of neurones tested. This residual EPSC was not affected by selective blockers of nicotinic (hexamethonium) or serotonin (N‐(1‐azabicyclo‐[2.2.2]oct‐3‐yl)‐6‐chloro‐4‐methyl‐3‐oxo‐3,4‐dihydro‐2H‐1,4‐benzoxazine‐8‐carboxamide hydrochloride, Y‐25130) receptors, but it was reversibly inhibited by the antagonists of P2X receptors NF023 (8,8′‐[carbonylbis(imino‐3,1‐phenylenecarbonylimino)]bis‐1,3,5‐naphthalene‐trisulphonic acid), NF279 (8,8′‐[carbonylbis (imino‐4,1‐phenylenecarbonylimino‐4,1‐phenylenecarbonylimino)]bis‐1,3,5‐naphthalene‐trisulphonic acid) and PPADS (pyridoxal phosphate‐6‐azophenyl‐2′,4′‐disulphonic acid). Application of ATP (10 μm) or α,β‐methylene ATP (10 μm) to pyramidal neurones, acutely isolated from cortical slices, evoked inward currents (30 to 200 pA) in 65 % of cells tested. The relative calcium/caesium permeability (PCa/PCs) of P2X receptors was 12.3 as estimated from the reversal potential of ATP‐induced current measured at different extracellular calcium concentrations. We concluded that P2X purinoreceptors are activated during synaptic transmission in neocortex.
A Cartesian cut-cell method for sharp moving boundaries

The extension of a three-dimensional, strictly conservative Cartesian cut-cell based method to simulate ows bounded by complex geometries with moving parts like in-cylinder ows is presented. The method handles complex geometric details of three-dimensional technical objects such as sharp edges and acute-angled features, which may lead to cells which are multiply cut by the geometry and possibly split into separate parts. Moving boundaries are represented by the zero-contour of an advected level-set function. The method is applied to compute full engine cycles. An analysis of the types of cut cells generated for several realistic engine geometries is given. Furthermore, the ow of an internal combustion engine with a moving piston and opening/closing valves is discussed.
Bacterial Community DNA Extracted from Soils Polluted with Heavy Metals

This paper describes the application of two direct and one indirect methods for the extraction of microbial community DNA from soils polluted with heavy metals. DNA was extracted directly from soil using a gentle method based on soil incubation at 37°C with proteinase K and SDS, or the method was modified by the addition of a bead beating step. The indirect approach was based on the RNA/DNA extraction method. The level of soil contamination did not affect the yields of DNA extracted and PCR amplification of the target DNA. The results indicate that the DNA obtained by the applied protocols was sufficiently pure for further molecular analyses.
Using the BioAssay Ontology for Analyzing High-Throughput Screening Data

High-throughput screening (HTS) is the main starting point for hit identification in drug discovery programs. This has led to a rapid increase of available screening data both within pharmaceutical companies and the public domain. We have used the BioAssay Ontology (BAO) 2.0 for assay annotation within AstraZeneca to enable comparison with external HTS methods. The annotated assays have been analyzed to identify technology gaps, evaluate new methods, verify active hits, and compare compound activity between in-house and PubChem assays. As an example, the binding of a fluorescent ligand to formyl peptide receptor 1 (FPR1, involved in inflammation, for example) in an in-house HTS was measured by fluorescence intensity. In total, 155 active compounds were also tested in an external ligand binding flow cytometry assay, a method not used for in-house HTS detection. Twelve percent of the 155 compounds were found active in both assays. By the annotation of assay protocols using BAO terms, internal and external assays can easily be identified and method comparison facilitated. They can be used to evaluate the effectiveness of different assay methods, design appropriate confirmatory and counterassays, and analyze the activity of compounds for identification of technology artifacts.
Magnet Home Care Agencies: A Professional Way to Impact Quality and Retention

By 2009 the nursing shortage will reach a critical level with home care agencies seriously affected. Hospitals have begun to embrace one proven method for recruiting and retaining nurses: achieving magnet recognition from the American Nurses Credentialing Center. Although magnet recognition has been available to home health agencies since 2000, no agency has applied. This article outlines how agencies can take advantage of the program.
Transmisión congénita de la enfermedad de Chagas en el Paraguay

Las estrategias actuales recomendadas para el diagnostico de la infeccion congenita chagasica requieren del diagnostico serologico convencional en mujeres embarazadas para detectar su infeccion y la confirmacion parasitologica en recien nacidos infectados verticalmente. La deteccion de parasitos en sangre no resulta un metodo facil de aplicar a gran escala y a nivel de salud publica por lo que se recomienda finalmente la serologia convencional, es decir la deteccion de IgG anti-T. cruzi en infantes mayores a 8 meses de edad. Teniendo en cuenta estas recomendaciones nuestro grupo ha disenado estrategias operativas en areas rurales endemicas que permiten la rapida deteccion y tratamiento de infantes infectados congenitamente. Demostramos que la descentralizacion de los estudios serologicos de los grandes Hospitales Regionales ayuda a la rapida identificacion de las mujeres infectadas, como tambien el registro de su estado de infeccion en las fichas familiares, prenatal y pediatrica. Los resultados de mas de 15 anos de estudio de nuestro grupo, indican que a pesar de la alta sensibilidad de la tecnica reaccion en cadena de la polimerasa (PCR), resulta muy complejo su empleo con fines de diagnostico a nivel rural y en gran escala, siendo muy util para evaluar el tratamiento realizado en los ninos infectados. La serologia convencional permite la deteccion inequivoca de anticuerpos del tipo IgG en infantes infectados congenitamente despues de los 8 meses de edad (tiempo maximo observado para el clearence de anticuerpos maternos). Sin embargo esta estrategia hace que el tiempo requerido en el seguimiento para descartar transmision congenita disminuya la adherencia durante el periodo de seguimiento con una importante perdida de ninos que no son traidos al control. La deteccion de casos de transmision congenita aumenta notablemente cuando se utiliza una combinacion de las tecnicas serologicas convencionales y un ELISA que hemos disenado con el antigeno recombinante de fase aguda, “shed acute phase antigen” (SAPA) que permite la deteccion inequivoca de infantes infectados congenitamente a los 3 meses de edad.
Women and Sexually Transmitted Infections in Africa

Despite efforts to control the spread of sexually transmitted infections (STIs), these infections are still highly prevalent in the developing world, especially in Africa where the prevalence and incidence of Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is also very high. Unfortunately, women bear the disproportionate burden of both STIs and HIV in this region. Early diagnosis, treatment and prevention of STIs is therefore crucial in this population given the strong evidence that some STIs have been shown to facilitate the transmission of HIV. This review summarizes the epidemiology, and management of the common STIs affecting African women, and the health complications associated with these infections in the era of emerging antimicrobial resistance.
Prevalence of carotid artery stenosis in neurologically asymptomatic patients undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting for coronary artery disease: Role of anesthesiologist in preoperative assessment and intraoperative management

Objective(s): This study aimed to determine the prevalence of carotid artery stenosis (CAS) due to atherosclerosis in neurologically asymptomatic patients undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) for coronary artery disease (CAD). It contemplated a greater role for the cardiac anesthesiologist in the perioperative management of such patients with either previously undiagnosed carotid artery disease or towards re-assessment of severity of CAS. Design: Prospective, observational clinical study. Setting: Operation room of a cardiac surgery centre of a tertiary teaching hospital. Participants: A hundred adult patients with New York Heart Association (NYHA) classification I to III presenting electively for CABG. Interventions: All patients included in this study were subjected to ultrasonic examination by means of acarotid doppler scan to access for presence of CAS just prior to induction of general anesthesia. Measurements and Main Results: Based on parameters measured using carotid doppler, the presence of CAS was defined using standard criteria. The prevalence of CAS was found to be as high as 38% amongst the patients included in our study. The risk factors for CAS were identified to be advanced age, history of smoking, diabetes mellitus, dyslipidaemia and presence of a carotid bruit. Conclusion: This study points towards the relatively wide prevalence of carotid artery disease in neurologically asymptomatic patients undergoing CABG for CAD in the elective setting. It highlights the need to routinely incorporate carotid ultrasonography in the armamentarium of the cardiac anesthesiologist as standard of care for all patients presenting for CABG.
Pisé or not pisé ? Problème de définition des techniques traditionnelles de la construction en terre sur les sites archéologiques.

Au Proche-Orient, l’architecture en terre est omnipresente sur les sites archeologiques. Ainsi nombre de rapports de fouille et de publications font etat de l’utilisation de la terre sous une forme ou sous une autre. Il ne s’agit pas de proposer ici de nouvelles hypotheses ou decouvertes, mais simplement de (re)diffuser les resultats d’un important travail qui a ete mene depuis les debut des annees 2000 par des equipes pluridisciplinaires (architectes, bâtisseurs, ingenieurs, archeologues, ethnologues, restaurateurs, conservateurs, etc.).