Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Calcium and Oxalate Contents of Curly Leaf (Petroselinum crispum) and Flat Leaf (P. crispum var. neapolitanum) Parsley Cultivars

The total, soluble and insoluble oxalate contents of the leaves and stems of curly leaf (Petroselinum crispum) and flat leaf (P. crispum var. neapolitanum) parsley cultivars were extracted from fresh tissue and measured using HPLC chromatography. There were no significant differences between the total and insoluble oxalate contents of the leaves between the flat leaf and curly leaf cultivars. There was a small difference (P < 0.05) between the soluble oxalate contents of the leaves of the two cultivars. The mean total, soluble and insoluble oxalates of the leaves of the two cultivars were 1137.0, 177.9 and 959.3 mg/100 g dry matter (DM), respectively. The mean total, soluble and insoluble oxalate contents of the stems were 1680.7, 386.2 and 1294.5 mg/100 g DM, respectively, and these were significantly higher than the mean values for the leaves of the two cultivars. Insoluble oxalate made up a mean of 77.0% of the curly leaf stems and leaves compared to a mean of 84.4% found in the flat-leaved cultivar. Unavailable calcium, that is, calcium bound to oxalate as insoluble oxalate, made up a mean of 26.9% of the total calcium in the leaves of both cultivars while the unavailable calcium made up 45.0% of the total calcium in the stems of the two cultivars. Overall, the oxalate contents of both parsley cultivars are relatively high, on a dry matter basis, but their overall contribution to dietary intake is likely to be quite small as parsley is an herb that is only used in small amounts to garnish foods.
A Methodology Based on Bioacoustic Information for Automatic Identification of Reptiles and Anurans

Nowadays, human activity is considered one of the main risk factors for the life of reptiles and amphibians. The presence of these living beings represents a good biological indicator of an excellent environmental quality. Because of their behavior and size, most of these species are complicated to recognize in their living environment with image devices. Nevertheless, the use of bioacoustic information to identify animal species is an efficient way to sample populations and control the conservation of these living beings in large and remote areas where environmental conditions and visibility are limited. In this chapter, a novel methodology for the identification of different reptile and anuran species based on the fusion of Mel and Linear Frequency Cepstral Coefficients, MFCC and LFCC, is presented. The proposed methodology has been validated using public databases, and experimental results yielded an accuracy above 95% showing the efficiency of the proposal.
Contributions of protein to glucose synthesis in pregnant and non-pregnant sheep.

Urea entry rates measured with a radioisotope dilution technique were used as an index of possible gluconeogenesis from amino acids. Both pregnant and nonpregnant sheep given a ration of 1000g of equal parts of crushed oats and chaffed lucerne per day, had a maximum possible rate of glucose synthesis from deaminated amino acids of 64g/day. When the ration was reduced abruptly to 250g/day about 14 days from lambing, the pregnant ewes became hypoglycaemic and it was. calculated that even ewes carrying twins were synthesising, at the most, 52g of glucose per day from protein. This was only 17g/day more than the possible synthesis of glucose from protein in the non-pregnant ewes. It appears that even previously well-nourished ewes subjected to short periods of reduced food intake in late pregnancy have a low absolute capacity to use protein in lieu of other dietary glucogenic precursors, and thus do not meet fully their high glucose requirements.
Macroeconomic Implications of Low Life Expectancy in Sub-Saharan Africa Nations: A Panel Technique Approach

This paper concerned with the understanding of major determinants of life expectancy in selected Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) countries (Angola, Cameroon, Chad, Cote d’Ivoire, Equatorial Guinea, Gabon, Nigeria and Congo Republic) for the period of 2000–2015. The study found that improved water supply and its quality; sanitation, access to toilet facilities and clean environment; and improving the living standard and citizens’ ability to meet basic needs are all positive and statistically significant to higher life expectancy at birth of citizens in these nations. These empirical findings therefore call for effective policy to be directed at providing water and sanitation facilities, and reducing pollution to improve longevity in SSA countries so as to enhance her regional economic productivities.
DIETARY FIBRES: THEIR ANALYSIS IN ANIMAL FEEDING, AND THEIR ROLE IN RABBIT NUTRITION AND HEALTH

Two centuries ago Heinrich Einhof developed the so-called Weende method (crude fibre), to first deals with the fibre content of the feeds for ruminants, and proposes to isolate a residue called the "crude fibre". Then, dietary fibre concepts evolve and differ in animal feeding compared to human nutrition and health. Animal nutritionists deal with various fibre sources, often from whole plants (forages, by products of seeds processing), and recover a larger range of polysaccharidic components, including other polymers, such polyphenolic (lignins, tannins) or polylipidic compounds (cutins). Dietary fibres are generally defined as polysaccharides and associated substances resistant to mammal enzyme digestion and absorption that can be partially or totally fermented in the gut. However, today this topic is still subjected to very active research, because of the complexity of the physical structure and chemical composition of the plant cell walls, and in the wide and different physiological effects of these different constituents. The importance of dietary fibre in animal feeding is due to its influence on rate of passage, mucosa functionality and its role as substrate for gut microbes performances and digestive health. This review will describe the definition and different structure of fibres and cell wall constituents and their analytical methods. Key words: Dietary fibre, analysis, rabbit, nutrition, health
Evaluation of hepatoprotective polyherbal formulations contains some Indian medicinal plants

The aim of the present study was to evaluate the hepatoprotective effect of poly herbal formulations contains some Indian medicinal plant on paracetamol induced hepatic damaged experimental animals. Materials and methods: Paracetamol (3 g/kg, p.o) was administered a single dose to induce hepatotoxicity. F-I, F-II and F-III (200 mg/kg, p.o) and silymarin (25 mg/kg, P.o) were administered once daily for 8 days. The degree of hepatoprotection was measured using morphological parameters of changing in colour and weight of liver are determined. Biochemical parameters in serum glutamate oxaloacetate transaminase (SGOT), serum glutamate pyruvate transaminase (SGPT), serum alkaline phosphatase (SALP), bilirubin and plasma protein. The histopathological parameters of histological changes in the liver architecture like architecture of hepatic lobules, swelling of liver cell, fatty changes, focal necrosis, inflammatory cell infiltration around portal areas, kupffer cell hyperplasia etc. and the functional parameters of pentobarbitone sleeping time was used as a functional parameter. Results: F-I, F-II and F-III pretreatment showed normal morphological parameters signs and significant effect of serum enzymes, total protein and bilirubin levels. Highly significantly protect the hepatic damage and morphological and histopathological changes and less pentobarbitone sleeping time were observed in all the three poly herbal formulations treated rats. Conclusion: The result of this study strongly indicated that the entire three poly herbal formulations have got a hepatoprotective action against paracetamol induced hepatic damage in experimental animals.
Political economy of the Indonesian mass killing of 1965-1966

This chapter sketches the build up to the mass killing (politicide) of communists and communist sympathisers in Indonesia, during 1965 to 1966. Our key contribution is to explain why ordinary individuals, not belonging to the elite, might wish to participate in the act of murder. The mass murder aided the consolidation of the new order autocratic regime of Suharto, but his ascension to power cannot be separated from the cold war politics of the time. Over three decades of authoritarian rule did bring about broad based economic progress. In time, the authoritarian contract sustaining the regime became untenable and the contract lacked credible commitment in the absence of the transfer of some political power to the new middle class. This mirrors the modernization theory of endogenous democracy, which states that at higher level of income, the pressure for democracy becomes inexorable.
PROFIL HASIL PEMERIKSAAN MINI MENTAL STATEEXAMINATION (MMSE)

The Profile of Mini Mental State Examination (MMSE) Result of The Post menopause Women at Posyandu Lansia Rejoagung, Kedungwaru Public Health Center Working Area, East Java. Women in the post menopause period will suffer the decreasing of estrogen hormone production. Several studies have proven that less estrogen hormone can lead atherosclerosis, this condition is one of the causes of cognitive impairment. Objective: To know the profile of Mini Mental State Examination (MMSE) result of the post menopause women. This study was an observational descriptive with total sampling method of the women at Posyandu Lansia Rejoagung that had reached post menopause period. The instrument that used in this study was Mini Mental State Examination. The result on the post menopause women found that the highest incidence of cognitive impairment occurs at 65-69 years old, 31,2% were mild criteria and 56,3% were moderate criteria. The highest incidence of cognitive impairment occurs on junior high school education level with 54 % were mild criteria. Based on the result also found 45% women with 11-15 years post menopause period suffer mild cognitive impairment and 33,3% women with more than 15 years post menopause period suffer moderate cognitive impairment. Based on the result of MMSE on the post menopause women found that 45% samples suffered cognitive impairment and 55% didn’t suffer cognitive impairment. Key word: Post menopause women, cognitive impairment, MMSE.
Upward Mobility Criteria from Croatian Women's Point of View

Little is generally known about the factors affecting the career advancement of women in the world of work. This is especially true for Croatia. Formally and legally, women should have equal opportunities for employment and advancement as their male counterparts have. However, in practice, situations are often different due to socio-cultural, support systems, self imposed barriers and the like. This paper examines factors facilitating and hindering career advancement from the Croatian women’s point of view. Differences between female managers and workers related to the career advancement criteria, which give them an edge in today’s global workplace, are discussed as well. While the top female managers pointed out the personnel competence and soft factors as the most important in climbing the managerial ladder, the other working women did not assign the greatest importance to these factors. This can be explained in the social-cultural context that has been developing in Croatia. Unfavorable consequences of the transition process, the war as well as a decrease in trust in the most of institutions in Croatia jeopardized social and working norms making the personnel competence, self-initiative, pro-activity, responsibility and the similar characteristics without consequentreward in terms of better and higher job positions. But, many Croatian firms faced with global competition and necessity of following transparent business behavior norms have been forced to conduct a proper career advancement policy. Consequently, women employed in such firms stressed above mentioned factors as the most important for career advancement.
Differences in Plasma Phosphatidylcholine of Pregnant And Control Healthy Sudanese Women

Background: Essential fatty acids are polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) which contain more than one double bond. The purpose of this study was to investigate the level of fatty acid composition in plasma phosphatidylcholine of pregnant Sudanese women and healthy control. There were no records about the levels of these fatty acids in Sudanese people. Material and Methods: Blood samples were obtained from the pregnant women at delivery time in Khartoum state hospitals. Full and detailed history and examinations were performed in the study groups. Plasma lipids were extracted by Folch method and separated by Gas Liquid Chromatography (GLC). Results: These results were expressed as mean and standard deviations. Regarding saturated fatty acids (palmitic acid)was higher among pregnant ladieswhile (staeric, myristic and arachidic) were higher among the control group ( p≤0.001). There were significantly higher level of Docosapentaenoic acid (DPA), Docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), linoleic acid (L.A), Arachidonic acid (A.A), total omega-3 (w-3), total omega-6 (w-6) and total w-3/total w-6 ratio (w-3/w6) ratio in control (p≤0.001), whereas significantly higher level of alpha linolenic acid (ALA), Di homogamma linoleic acid (DHGLA) and Adrenic Acid in pregnant female (p≤0.001). Conclusion: The levels of essential fatty acids in our groups were lower than the international levels, except for LA which was higher in comparison to some countries and lower in comparison to theirs. There were differences in concentration of essential fatty acids between pregnant and non pregnant females. The DHA level of the pregnant women was the lowest level being measured which affects the neonatal DHA level.
Appraisal of different wheat genotypes against Angoumois grain moth, Sitotroga cerealella (Oliv.).

Wheat is one of the most important cultivated crops in all almost all countries of the world. Hybrids have significantly increased the productivity and quality of this major crop. The aim of this study was to evaluate wheat genotype resistance to Angoumois grain moth, Sitotroga cerealella (Oliv.) (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae). Twelve wheat genotypes were tested against Sitotroga cerealella at 28±2°C, relative humidity 65±5% and photoperiod L: D 12: 12 hours in the laboratory. The results, evaluated on the basis of percent weight loss, damage, grain size and chemical composition of the grains, revealed that none of the genotypes was completely resistant to the infestation by this pest. However, their response varied significantly. Genotype IBW -97103 (weight loss, 12.19%) had significant resistance followed by IBW-97083 (17.43%), Bakhtawar-92 (19.48%), F-Sarhad (19.66%), IBW-97406 (27.19%), IBW-97114 (27.32%), IBW-97259 (29.40%), IBW-97110 (29.70%), IBW-96405 (30.94%), IBW-97366 (31.02%), IBW-97112 (36.14%) and WS-94194 (40.93%). The coefficient of correlation between percent weight loss and other parameters was significant, except for grain size. The coefficient of correlation between weight loss and chemical constituents was also significant, except for ash content. From the study it was concluded that prolonged storage of the most susceptible genotypes to S. cerealella should be avoided and the most resistant varieties, namely BW-97103< IBW-97083< Bakhtawar-92, should be cultivated. Key word: Wheat genotype, angoumois grain moth, chemical analysis of grains, resistance to moth, Sitotroga cerealella.
Is increasing ice crystal sedimentation velocity in geoengineering simulations a good proxy for cirrus cloud seeding

Abstract. The complex microphysical details of cirrus seeding with ice nucleating particles (INPs) in numerical simulations are often mimicked by increasing ice crystal sedimentation velocities. So far it has not been tested whether these results are comparable to geoengineering simulations in which cirrus clouds are seeded with INPs. We compare simulations where the ice crystal sedimentation velocity is increased at temperatures colder than −35 °C with simulations of cirrus seeding with INPs using the ECHAM-HAM general circulation model. The radiative flux response of the two methods shows a similar behaviour in terms of annual and seasonal averages. Both methods decrease surface temperature but increase precipitation in response to a decreased atmospheric stability. Moreover, simulations of seeding with INPs lead to a decrease in liquid clouds, which counteracts part of the cooling due to changes in cirrus clouds. The liquid cloud response is largely avoided in a simulation where seeding occurs during night only. Simulations with increased ice crystal sedimentation velocity, however, lead to counteracting mixed-phase cloud responses. The increased sedimentation velocity simulations can counteract up to 60 % of the radiative effect of CO2 doubling with a maximum net top-of-the-atmosphere forcing of −2. 2 W m−2. They induce a 30 % larger surface temperature response, due to their lower altitude of maximum diabatic forcing compared with simulations of seeding with INPs.
A Survey on Mobile Phone Authentication

In modern days, gadgets are essential part of everyday lives and they enable to access a variety of ubiquitous services. Recently, the availability of these ubiquitous and mobile services has increased due to the different form of access provided by mobile devices, such as Bluetooth and Wi-Fi. In the same trend, the typologies of vulnerabilities exploiting these services and communication channels have boosted as well. Therefore, the presence of malware in mobile platform can seriously impact the end users privacy and security, reducing the end users trust in performing mobile access to its network services. In this, an authentication mechanism is based on screen brightness which prevents and increases security against side channel attacks.
Financial Risk Management in IT Industry

In recent years, the growth in technology has increased technological innovation; this has influenced the information and technology sector in a positive way. There have been many mega projects in existence, which need care for them to complete well. In this sense, many issues have to be put into justified, to realize an elegant and comprehensive scheme. A complete project means more in relation to both parties involved, this comes in terms of dependent factors, and this may be risks associated with the completion of any project in this area. This paper will consider how risks, especially financial risks management contribute to the success of projects in the information and technology industry.
Inter-comparison and evaluation of sea ice algorithms: towards further identification of challenges and optimal approach using passive microwave observations

Abstract. Sea ice concentration has been retrieved in polar regions with satellite microwave radiometers for over 30 years. However, the question remains as to what is an optimal sea ice concentration retrieval method for climate monitoring. This paper presents some of the key results of an extensive algorithm inter-comparison and evaluation experiment. The skills of 30 sea ice algorithms were evaluated systematically over low and high sea ice concentrations. Evaluation criteria included standard deviation relative to independent validation data, performance in the presence of thin ice and melt ponds, and sensitivity to error sources with seasonal to inter-annual variations and potential climatic trends, such as atmospheric water vapour and water-surface roughening by wind. A selection of 13 algorithms is shown in the article to demonstrate the results. Based on the findings, a hybrid approach is suggested to retrieve sea ice concentration globally for climate monitoring purposes. This approach consists of a combination of two algorithms plus dynamic tie points implementation and atmospheric correction of input brightness temperatures. The method minimizes inter-sensor calibration discrepancies and sensitivity to the mentioned error sources.
Analysis of sloshing-induced loads on the fuel tank structure

Fuel sloshing is a source of major concern in the structural design of fuel tanks in heavy duty trucks. It is caused due to the free surface motion of fuel in partially filled containers induced by external agitation. With capacities as high as 900 litres, this phenomenon is capable of causing fuel to impact the container tank with high forces, exposing the vulnerable parts of the tank to heavy dynamic loads. This highly nonlinear phenomenon is simulated using the commercial computational fluid dynamics (CFD) code STAR-CCM+. The two phase (air-fuel) problem is solved using the volume of fluid (VOF) interface capturing approach. Owing to the thin walled structures of the fuel tank, it becomes indispensable to cater to the effects of fluidstructure interaction (FSI). This need is amplified with the ever-increasing design constraints and use of novel materials for fuel tanks aiming at weight reduction. To this end, a partitioned FSI methodology is employed by coupling the CFD and Finite Element Analysis (FEA) solvers for this multi-physics problem. The results of one-way and two-way coupled FSI analyses are compared with experiments and a sufficient level of accuracy is obtained. This coupling strategy could inform a fuel tank design suited to prevent structural damage due to sloshing, contributing towards the safety and longevity of the fuel tank.
Electro-Mechanical Buckling of a Piezoelectric Annular Plate Reinforced with BNNTs Under Thermal Environment

In this article, axisymmetric buckling behavior of piezoelectric fiber reinforced polymeric composite (PFRPC) annular plate subjected to electro-thermo-mechanical field is presented utilizing principle of minimum potential energy. Boron-nitride nanotubes (BNNTs) are used as fibers. Full coupling between electrical, mechanical and thermal fields are considered according to a representative volume element (RVE)-based XY piezoelectric fiber reinforce composite (PEFRC) model. Assuming PFRPC material and its composite constituents to be linear, homogenous, orthotropic, and perfectly bonded with uniform applied field, the basic relation for the axisymmetric buckling of a circular plate subjected to radial compression, radial electrical field, and uniform temperature change T  are derived. The presented results show that BNNTs can be used as an effective supplement to improve mechanical behavior of polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF). Also, at normal working conditions, the influence of thermal and mechanical fields is much higher than the electric one on the critical load; hence, this smart structure is best suited for applications as sensors than actuators. © 2011 IAU, Arak Branch. All rights reserved.
Zooplankton abundance and diversity in Lake Bracciano, Latium, Italy

The zooplankton community structure in Lake Bracciano (Latium, Central Italy) was studied in monthly surveys throughout an annual cycle (November 1998 – October 1999). The seasonal cycles and population dynamics of the dominant species are described and discussed. Copepods numerically dominated the community throughout the study period with calanoid Eudiaptomus padanus etruscosexsetosus making up the largest share of zooplankton density; moreover it accounted for the largest portion of total biovolume. Cladocerans represented a significant component of the zooplankton in the summer and autumn months. No substantial differences in regard to results of previous investigations (1971, 1972, 1984) were observed. The only differences for which there is evidence consist of the appearance of Filinia terminalis, never previously found in the lake, and the replacement of Keratella cochlearis instead of Kellicottia longispina as dominant species. However, the results of the comparison of the different investigations confirm that the trophic state of the pelagial region may be classified as oligo-mesotrophic.