Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Hyaluronic acid vs. physiological saline for enlarging deficient gingival papillae: a randomized controlled clinical trial and an in vitro study

Background loss of the interdental papillae leads to the formation of a black triangle, which compromises smile esthetics and contributes to food impaction and plaque accumulation. The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of the injection of hyaluronic acid (HA) and compare it to that of physiological saline solution in the restoration of deficient gingival papillae in vivo and in vitro. Methods Twenty-four patients with 68 deficient gingival papillae were recruited for this clinical trial with a split-mouth design. The deficient gingival papillae on one side of the anterior maxilla were injected with HA, and those on the other side were injected with physiological saline solution. The heights of the gingival papillae and the areas of the black triangles were measured from clinical photographs obtained before and 6 and 12 months after treatment. Additionally, the proliferation and migration of gingival fibroblasts were evaluated after HA and physiological saline treatment by an in vitro study. Results the results revealed that the injection of HA yielded 0.198 and 0.28 mm gingival papilla increasement at 6 and 12 months, respectively, relative to the baseline (P<0.05). However, deficient gingival papillae also grew by 0.278 mm at 12 months in the group that received physiological saline solution (P<0.05). The injection of HA significantly improved deficient gingival papillae 6 months earlier than the injection of physiological saline solution. HA also significantly accelerated the proliferation and migration of gingival fibroblasts in vitro. Conclusions The present study confirms that the injection of HA could increase the height of gingival papillae for improving gingival papilla defects. However, the effect is not superior to that of physiological saline solution. This trial was registered in the Chinese Clinical Trial Registry (ChiCTR-ONC-17011781) (28/06/2017). http://www.chictr. org.cn/showproj.aspx? proj=19931
High tree diversity enhances light interception in tropical forests

Understanding the processes that underlie the effects of tree diversity on primary production is of foremost importance to enhance climate change mitigation by tropical forests. Here, we investigated the effects of tree diversity on light interception over space and time in two tropical tree experiments, located in Panama—Sardinilla site (monocultures to 18‐species mixtures), and in Brazil—Anhembi site (20‐ to 114‐species mixtures). We assessed intercepted photosynthetically active radiation (iPAR) over horizontal grids and vertical transects (up to 5 m high in Sardinilla and up to 4 m high in Anhembi), in plots containing different richness levels and combinations of species. Light interception increased from monocultures to 5‐species mixtures in Sardinilla and from 20‐ to 114‐species mixtures in Anhembi (during the dry season). At the Sardinilla site, five‐species mixtures showed iPAR comparable to the best performing monocultures, despite substantial differences observed among monocultures. Diversity‐iPAR relationships changed seasonally and were more pronounced during the dry season. Tree richness promoted a less variable temporal and spatial (i.e. both horizontal and vertical) distribution of light interception. Synthesis. High tree diversity (i.e. over a hundred species in mixture) maximizes the amount of light intercepted by the canopy in restored tropical forests through more even capture in space and time. Diversity‐light interception relationships should be critically considered for designing cost‐efficient large‐scale tropical forest restoration programs.
Kinship and Gender in Family Firms: New Insights Into Employees’ Organizational Citizenship Behavior

We extend relational demography theory by introducing kinship as a new demographic characteristic of categorization. We theorize that family firm employees’ kinship similarity (family vs. nonfamily), kinship tie (child vs. other familial relationship), and gender (female vs. male) uniquely affect their organizational citizenship behavior (OCB). Data collected from 209 family CEO–employee dyads indicate that male family employees, especially sons of the CEO, display the highest OCB when altruistic leadership behavior is high, whereas daughters and other female family employees display consistently high OCB, confirming that employees’ experiences in family firms are simultaneously shaped by their kinship characteristics and gender.
Does Ventromedial Prefrontal Cortex Damage Really Increase Impulsiveness? Delay and Probability Discounting in Patients with Focal Lesions

Abstract If the tendency to discount rewards reflects individuals' general level of impulsiveness, then the discounting of delayed and probabilistic rewards should be negatively correlated: The less a person is able to wait for delayed rewards, the more they should take chances on receiving probabilistic rewards. It has been suggested that damage to the ventromedial prefrontal cortex (vmPFC) increases individuals' impulsiveness, but both intertemporal choice and risky choice have only recently been assayed in the same patients with vmPFC damage. Here, we assess both delay and probability discounting in individuals with vmPFC damage (n = 8) or with medial temporal lobe (MTL) damage (n = 10), and in age- and education-matched controls (n = 30). On average, MTL-lesioned individuals discounted delayed rewards at normal rates but discounted probabilistic rewards more shallowly than controls. In contrast, vmPFC-lesioned individuals discounted delayed rewards more steeply but probabilistic rewards more shallowly than controls. These results suggest that vmPFC lesions affect the weighting of reward amount relative to delay and certainty in opposite ways. Moreover, whereas MTL-lesioned individuals and controls showed typical, nonsignificant correlations between the discounting of delayed and probabilistic rewards, vmPFC-lesioned individuals showed a significant negative correlation, as would be expected if vmPFC damage increases impulsiveness more in some patients than in others. Although these results are consistent with the hypothesis that vmPFC plays a role in impulsiveness, it is unclear how they could be explained by a single mechanism governing valuation of both delayed and probabilistic rewards.
Ownership Characteristics,Corporate Social Responsibility, Resource Productivity And Firm Performance: An Empirical Study

Corporate governance continues to be at the forefront as evinced by some of the recent incidents at organisations such as Tata Sons, Yes Bank and ICICI bank. Traditionally, ownership characteristics have been considered as close substitutes representing corporate governance, considering that board processes and activity do not yield themselves to much scrutiny beyond a few media reports and analysis. The research article undertakes a study of ownership, corporate social responsibility(CSR) and resource productivity in the Indian context. Using a sample of 900 firms from the non-financial domain, the study uses multivariate regression to identify the effect on market based measure of firm performance. Results indicate that all the ownership variables have a positive and significant influence on market based metrics of organisations. However, the CSR orientation or intent does not indicate any impact on organisation’s market based metric. The resource productivity, on the hand is strongly positive, indicating that markets recognise, intuitively the impact of competencies and capabilities of people. For practitioners, the implications are the quest to identify further levers of strategic and competitive advantage since the governance indicators have merely explained a small part of firm performance.
Panzhousaurus rotundirostris Jiang et al., 2019 (Diapsida: Sauropterygia) and the Recovery of the Monophyly of Pachypleurosauridae

ABSTRACT Panzhousaurus rotundirostris Jiang, Lin, Rieppel, Motani and Sun, 2019, is restudied on the basis of a second specimen from the Upper Member of the Guanling Formation near Panzhou City, Guizhou Province, China. The second specimen offers hitherto unknown or unconfirmed information regarding the dermal palate, the ventral aspect of the cervical vertebrae, and the hind limbs, thus permitting a refinement of the diagnosis. Newly added or modified diagnostic characters include paired frontals with no posterolateral process, elongated and slender phalanges in the manus and pes, and a phalangeal formula of 3-4-5-4-3 for the manus, and 2-3-4-5-3 for the pes. A new phylogenetic analysis of Eosauropterygia demonstrates that Pachypleurosauridae is the sister taxon of Eusauropterygia, and the monophyly of these groups as traditionally upheld is confirmed. Panzhousaurus is most closely related to Dianopachysaurus and Keichousaurus within Pachypleurosauridae. In this study, the monophyletic Pistosauroidea excludes Corosaurus and Cymatosaurus. The latter two genera are found to form a monophyletic clade that represents the basal-most members of Eusauropterygia, which is in accordance with their stratigraphic distribution.
THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN CHILDHOOD TRAUMA AND AGGRESSION IN YOUNG ADULTHOOD

The basis of individual differences in terms of the tendency to violence has been the subject of many studies. In this case, the concepts of “domestic violence”, “social learning” and “intergenerational transmission” have emerged. According to Bandura's social learning theory, behavioral stereotypes are learned through social observation and role modeling. Intergenerational transmission theory also plays a supportive role. According to this theory, the child who observes violent behavior is used as a method of coping and problem-solving in the family; normalizes, learns, and therefore adopts it as a coping method. As a result, he/she can exhibit violent behavior during childhood, adolescence, and adulthood. Based on all this information; the hypothesis claims that there is a significant correlation between being exposed to childhood trauma and aggression in young adulthood. In this study, the data about childhood trauma and aggression levels were collected from 443 young adults between the ages of 18-25 who are studying psychology, law, health sciences, foreign languages, and engineering at a foundation university in Istanbul by Childhood Trauma Questionnaire and Buss-Perry Aggression Questionnaire (BPAQ). As a result of the analysis, a positive correlation was found between the scale scores. Male participants got significantly higher scores on BPAQ than females.
A new solution for removing metal-based catalyst residues from a biodegradable polymer

The presence of metal-based catalysts in polymers is one of the obstacles for their applications in food packaging and composting. The current processes for removing these compounds are not efficient; they involve several steps and use a large amount of organic solvents and acids. To tackle these issues, we developed a new green approach in which CO2 laden water was used for the extraction of these compounds from a commercial polymer, poly(propylene carbonate) (PPC). Although PPC has favourable properties for food packaging and many other applications, a high level of a metal-based catalyst remains in its matrix after the polymerization. Prior to the extraction process, the solubility of different metal-based compounds in CO2 laden water was measured. Our results demonstrated that at 160 bar and 40 °C the solubility of zinc adipate (ZnAA), zinc glutarate (ZnGA) and zinc methyl glutarate (ZnMGA) was 0.66 mg ml−1, 1.37 mg ml−1, and 1.54 mg ml−1, respectively. Therefore, we attempted to purify PPC containing 2450 ppm ZnGA residue using this technique. Our results demonstrated that CO2 laden water was able to remove nearly 90% of the catalyst from PPC at 70 bar and 45 °C in static mode extraction. The process developed in this study is superior to the current techniques as it not only reduced zinc residues 70% more than the conventional method in the absence of any organic solvent and acid, but it also enabled us to remove other impurities such as cyclic propylene carbonate (cPC). Therefore, this purification technique played a pivotal role in promoting the physico-chemical properties of PPC. For example, after the purification, the thermal decomposition temperature of PPC was shifted from 124 °C to 214 °C which is paramount for thermal processing such as hot-melt extrusion; its tensile modulus increased from 1 MPa to 1.4 MPa, which is critical for packaging and other applications. These results demonstrated that CO2 laden water is an efficient green solvent for removing metallic compounds from a polymer to the acceptable level recommended by environmental protection agencies for composting. It will also open an avenue for broadening the application of renewable polymers for food packaging to address major environmental issues.
Factors Affecting Ultrasonographic Fetal Weight Estimation Accuracy in Low Birth Weight Newborns

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the accuracy of fetal weight estimation made by the last prenatal ultrasound measurement in low birth weight newborns (<2500 g). STUDY DESIGN: A total of 1082 women were evaluated in this retrospective cohort study. Demographic and clinical information of the mother and newborn and obstetric ultrasonography measurements and findings performed in the last week before birth were recorded. Accuracy of fetal weight estimation and parameters affecting it was investigated. RESULTS: Accurate estimation rates were lower in the term compared to the preterm delivery group; and in the SGA group compared to the AGA group (respectively, p=0.016, p=0.032). Accurate estimation rates (p=0.182) were comparable between the 500-1500 g and 1501-2500 g subgroups. The multiple linear regression analysis showed that gestational age at birth, birth weight, examination during labor, and duration between examination to delivery were statistically significant for the accurate estimation(p=0.001) CONCLUSIONS: Accurate estimation rates were lower in the term compared to the preterm delivery group, and in the SGA group compared to the AGA group. The factors affecting accurate estimation were found to be gestational age at birth, birth weight, examination during labor, and duration between examination to delivery.
Using a One-Dimensional Convolutional Neural Network on Visible and Near-Infrared Spectroscopy to Improve Soil Phosphorus Prediction in Madagascar

As a proximal soil sensing technique, laboratory visible and near-infrared (Vis-NIR) spectroscopy is a promising tool for the quantitative estimation of soil properties. However, there remain challenges for predicting soil phosphorus (P) content and availability, which requires a reliable model applicable for different land-use systems to upscale. Recently, a one-dimensional convolutional neural network (1D-CNN) corresponding to the spectral information of soil was developed to considerably improve the accuracy of soil property predictions. The present study investigated the predictive ability of a 1D-CNN model to estimate soil available P (oxalate-extractable P; Pox) content in soils by comparing it with partial least squares (PLS) and random forest (RF) regressions using soil samples (n = 318) collected from natural (forest and non-forest) and cultivated (upland and flooded rice fields) systems in Madagascar. Overall, the 1D-CNN model showed the best predictive accuracy (R2 = 0.878) with a highly accurate prediction ability (ratio of performance to the interquartile range = 2.492). Compared to the PLS model, the RF and 1D-CNN models indicated 4.37% and 23.77% relative improvement in root mean squared error values, respectively. Based on a sensitivity analysis, the important wavebands for predicting soil Pox were associated with iron (Fe) oxide, organic matter (OM), and water absorption, which were previously known wavelength regions for estimating P in soil. These results suggest that 1D-CNN corresponding spectral signatures can be expected to significantly improve the predictive ability for estimating soil available P (Pox) from Vis-NIR spectral data. Rapid and accurate estimation of available P content in soils using our results can be expected to contribute to effective fertilizer management in agriculture and the sustainable management of ecosystems. However, the 1D-CNN model will require a large dataset to extend its applicability to other regions of Madagascar. Thus, further updates should be tested in future studies using larger datasets from a wide range of ecosystems in the tropics.
An application of a feed-forward neural network model for wind speed predictions

ABSTRACT Since wind energy covers an important part of the increasing electricity demands, accurate wind speed and direction forecasts are essential for the optimal operation of both the wind farms and the grid. Here we present the set-up and optimisation of a selected feed-forward neural network model in order to forecast, 24-hour ahead, the wind speed at specific points of three wind farms, using past data measured at the same locations. The model combines the k-fold cross-validation method for selecting the appropriate input data consisted either of hourly or 10-min average input values, while the impact of the length of the input time series is also investigated. Our method is tested against persistence method forecasts using the RMSE and MAPE statistics.
On the Average Harvested Energy of Directive Lightwave Power Transfer (DLPT)

We investigate the impact of the channel statistics on the average harvested energy when directive lightwave power transfer (DLPT) is used for both indoor and outdoor environments. More specifically, for the indoor scenario, the channel randomness is subject to misalignment effects, while for the outdoor one, atmospheric turbulence is further considered. For both scenarios, closed-form expressions are extracted for the average harvested power, validated via Monte Carlo simulations. Interestingly, the final expressions help to assess the energy harvesting capabilities of a DLPT system and provide valuable insights for hardware implementation.
Tails of the Moments for Sums with Dominatedly Varying Random Summands

The asymptotic behaviour of the tail expectation ? E(Snξ)α? {Snξ>x} is investigated, where exponent α is a nonnegative real number and Snξ=ξ1+…+ξn is a sum of dominatedly varying and not necessarily identically distributed random summands, following a specific dependence structure. It turns out that the tail expectation of such a sum can be asymptotically bounded from above and below by the sums of expectations ? Eξiα? {ξi>x} with correcting constants. The obtained results are extended to the case of randomly weighted sums, where collections of random weights and primary random variables are independent. For illustration of the results obtained, some particular examples are given, where dependence between random variables is modelled in copulas framework.
Systematic review and network meta-analysis of the efficacy of existing treatments for patients with recurrent glioblastoma

Abstract Background Despite advances in the treatment of cancers over the last years, treatment options for patients with recurrent glioblastoma (rGBM) remain limited with poor outcomes. Many regimens have been investigated in clinical trials; however, there is a lack of knowledge on comparative effectiveness. The aim of this systematic review is to provide an overview of existing treatment strategies and to estimate the relative efficacy of these regimens in terms of progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS). Methods We conducted a systematic review to identify randomized controlled trials (RCTs) investigating any treatment regimen in adult patients suffering from rGBM. Connected studies reporting at least one of our primary outcomes were included in a Bayesian network meta-analysis (NMA) estimating relative treatment effects. Results Forty RCTs fulfilled our inclusion criteria evaluating the efficacy of 38 drugs as mono- or combination therapy. Median OS ranged from 2.9 to 18.3 months; median PFS ranged from 0.7 to 6 months. We performed an NMA including 24 treatments that were connected within a large evidence network. Our NMA indicated improvement in PFS with most bevacizumab (BV)-based regimens compared to other regimens. We did not find any differences in OS between treatments. Conclusion This systematic review provides a comprehensive overview of existing treatment options for rGBM. The NMA provides relative effects for many of these treatment regimens, which have not been directly compared in RCTs. Overall, outcomes for patients with rGBM remain poor across all treatment options, highlighting the need for innovative treatment options.
Influence of eight chosen essential oils in the vapor phase on the growth of Rhizopus stolonifer and Rhizopus lyococcus

This study aimed to evaluate the fungicidal effect of eight essential oils against five strains of the genus Rhizopus. Strains were obtained from various moldy foods, namely Rhizopus stolonifer KMi 383 from chestnut, R. stolonifer KMi 510 from strawberry, R. stolonifer KMi 511 from nectarine, R. stolonifer KMi 524 from cherry tomatoes, and R. lyococcus KMi 512 from blackberry. The essential oils (EO) used in this study were jasmine EO (extract from Jasminum officinale L.), bergamot EO (Mentha aquatica L. var. citrata (Her.) Fresen), bitter orange EO (from Citrus aurantium L.), grapefruit EO (Citrus paradisi Macfady), sweet flag EO (East Asian Calamus, from Acorus calamus L. var. angustatus Bes), star anise EO (from Illicium verum J.D.Hook), geranium EO (from Pelargonium graveolens), and lemongrass EO (from Cymbopogon citratus DC). The semi-quantitative composition of the essential oil samples was determined by gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The antifungal activity of essential oils against the strains of R. stolonifer and R. lyococcus was determined during 7 days, using the micro-atmosphere method (0.625 μL.mL-1 of air). Two essential oils, geranium and lemongrass, completely inhibited the growth of all isolates. Bitter orange essential oil inhibited the growth of all isolates of Rhizopus stolonifer, but isolate of Rhizopus lyococcus began to grow after four days of cultivation. In conclusion, certain essential oils are highly effective in the vapor phase. These could be used in further tests of their antifungal activity and could be used in the control of Rhizopus spp. or other fungal pathogens.