Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Spectral–Spatial Fractal Residual Convolutional Neural Network With Data Balance Augmentation for Hyperspectral Classification

The development of deep learning has brought new prospects into the field of hyperspectral classification, and the classification ability of this method for the classification of hyperspectral images (HSIs) has been continuously improved. However, there are still some problems that must be solved; for example, the spectral–spatial features of HSIs are not effectively extracted, the labeled samples in the data set are limited, and the number of samples in different categories is imbalanced. To facilitate the progress of hyperspectral classification, a spectral–spatial fractal residual convolutional neural network with data balance augmentation is proposed here. In this network, a data balance augmentation approach that can solve the problems of limited labeled data and imbalanced categories is proposed. In addition, the spectral–spatial residual module is proposed to learn the spectral–spatial information and alleviate the problem of model degradation effectively. In addition, the spectral–spatial focal structure, which can guarantee the integrity of the information, is introduced. Moreover, the spectral–spatial dimensional transformation module, which can reduce the size and number of hyperspectral feature maps without losing the fine features, is presented. In particular, the proposed network has a strong ability to classify the categories that have a small number of samples and reaches the state-of-the-art level for three benchmark data sets.
Stability studies of high-stable water-in-oil model emulsions

ABSTRACT Different compositions and emulsification protocols were used to prepare stable water-in-oil (w/o) emulsions. Water, mineral oil, and a mixture of Span 80 and Tween 80 surfactants were combined to form emulsions that can be used as reference for electrolyte-free systems. Here, we have proposed emulsions wherein different properties were evaluated. Electrical conductivity measurements indicated that conductivity increases linearly with increasing surfactant content. The emulsions’ flow curves and viscoelastic behaviors were delineated by rheological measurements. Stability studies by centrifugal testing have shown that smaller the surfactant content, lower the stability, for any used stirring speeds. Furthermore, higher the applied mixing rate to make the emulsion, higher the stability, regardless of the amount of surfactant. Electrical field stability analysis showed, for all systems, that critical electric field (CEF) values were dependent on either surfactant amount and emulsion elastic modulus. GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT
Nectin-2 and Nectin-4 Adhesion Molecules in Patients with Breast Cancer

METHODS Sixty patients with pathologically and radiologically verified breast cancer who were treated at the Istanbul University, Institute of Oncology, between 2017 and 2018 are included in the study. Circulating nectin-2 and nectin-4 protein levels were evaluated by solid-phase enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (Abbkine Scientific Co., Ltd.). For analyzing nectin-2and nectin-4-specific mRNA in sera of the patients, circulating cell-free RNA was extracted from serum using a monophasic phenol and guanidine thiocyanate solution (Roche, Mannheim, Germany), according to the manufacturer’s protocol.
Female philopatry in smalltooth sawfish Pristis pectinata: conservation and management implications

Populations are more effectively managed with information on breeding and dispersal behavior, making the evaluation of these characteristics essential for effective conservation of a species. In the USA, 2 critical habitat units were designated in 2009 for the federally endangered smalltooth sawfish Pristis pectinata. Previous research in the Charlotte Harbor Estuary Unit (CHEU) of critical habitat shows that female smalltooth sawfish are polyandrous and highly philopatric to nursery grounds. However, these characteristics have not yet been examined in a larger area of designated critical habitat: the Ten Thousand Islands/Everglades Unit (TTIEU). We used microsatellite genotypes from 214 juvenile smalltooth sawfish to examine mating and dispersal behavior via sibship analyses and reconstruction of parental genotypes with the program COLONY. Parental reconstruction yielded 71 female and 117 male genotypes. Many females returned to the same region within TTIEU for parturition on a biennial cycle; however, at least 1 female switched parturition sites within TTIEU and at least 2 females produced litters in both TTIEU and CHEU over the study period. The maximum number of pups genetically assigned to 1 female was 12, a number that is consistent with that found for CHEU (8 pups), and within the litter size range reported (7 to 14) for the species. Confirmation of these mating behaviors and reproductive characteristics is important for understanding how the present population uses these protected habitats at different life stages, and for determining future habitat protection and population expansion strategies to restore smalltooth sawfish to previously occupied areas of their range.
Back-end porting of FT_MX based on LLVM compilation architecture

The processor FT_MX is a high-performance chip independently developed by the National University of Defense Technology, with an innovative architecture and instruction set. LLVM architecture is a widely used and efficient open source compiler framework initiated by the University of Illinois. This paper introduces the basic architecture and functions of LLVM, analyzes the back-end migration mechanism of the architecture in detail, and gives the specific process of implementing FT_MX back-end migration, and realizes the support of LLVM architecture to the back-end of FT_MX processor.
CRITIQUE OF RESOURCE CURSE FRAMEWORK

: It is a common axiom that most resource rich countries are thought to be having greater tendency of contracting natural resource effects. Being a resource rich country has pressed many developing economies to over-spend on recurrent expenditure, wasteful spending on provision of subsidies, palliatives, social relief packages as well as construction of monuments ignoring the essential sector of the economy and welfare; such as healthcare services, infrastructures, education, industries, etc. This discourse is a review of critically underpinning framework of natural resource curse effects through identifying key driving mechanisms. This study uncovered that these key mechanisms are classified into the economic mechanism on one part and the political mechanism on the other part. The economic mechanisms were thought to be closely associated with regional economic realities and their momentous poor fiscal performance, whereas the political mechanisms were believed to be confined to political complexities of the natural resource regions and institutions. However, the study further identified a recent consensus on recent political variables on linkages between regional natural resource wealth and development outcomes and also emphasized on comprehensive indulgence of varieties of social feasibility issues. Moreover, this discourse further affirmed the essential need for more studies at country considering the close affiliation of resource curse rents and the decision of political elites and ruling class.
An Overview of Bioenergy with Carbon Capture and Storage Process as a Negative Emission Technology

Projections of the pathways that reduce carbon emission to the levels consistent with limiting global average temperature increases to 1.5°C or 2°C above پاره-p990industrial levels often require negative emission technologies like bioenergy with carbon capture and storage (BECCS), it involves the conversion of biomass to energy, producing CO2 which is sequestered, transported and then permanently stored in a suitable geological formation. The potential of BECCS to remove CO2 from the atmosphere makes it an attractive approach to help achieving the ambitious global warming targets of COP 21. BECCS has a range of variables such as the type of biomass resource, the conversion technology, the CO2 capture process used and storage options. Each of the pathways to connect these options has its own environmental, economic and social impacts. This study gives an overview of Bioenergy with carbon capture and storage for the purpose of carbon mitigation while the challenges associated with using biomaterial was assessed, such as land use, water consumption and its economic constraints. The more certain way forward to underpin BECCS deployment, is to ensure that there is strong social support and integrated policy schemes that recognize, support and reward negative emission, for without negative emissions delivered through BECCS and perhaps other technologies, there is little prospect of the global targets agreed to at Paris, being met.
Performance Study of a Class of Irregular Near Capacity Achieving LDPC Codes

—This paper investigates the performance of a class of irregular low-density parity-check (LDPC) codes through a recently published low complexity upper bound on their belief- propagation decoding thresholds. Moreover, their performance analysis is carried out through a recently published algorithmic method, presented in Babich et al. 2017 paper. In particular, the class considered is characterized by variable node degree distributions λ ( x ) of minimum degree i 1 > 2 : being, in this case, λ (cid:48) (0) = λ 2 = 0 , this is useful to design LDPC codes presenting a linear minimum distance growth with the block length with probability 1, as shown in Di et al.’s 2006 paper. These codes unfortunately cannot reach capacity under iterative decoding, since the achievement of capacity requires λ 2 (cid:54) = 0 . However, in this latter case, the block error probability might converge to a constant, as shown in the aforementioned paper.
Ultrafine Ag/polyoxometalate-doped AgCl nanoparticles in metal–organic framework as efficient photocatalysts under visible light

A new composite material of ultrafine Ag/PW11O39-doped AgCl nanoparticles (NPs) encapsulated in a metal–organic framework (NH2-MIL-101(Al)) was prepared by an incipient wetness impregnation method together with photo-reduction under UV irradiation. The as-prepared composite material (abbr. Ag/POM-AgCl@NH2-MIL-101(Al)) was characterized by XRD, EDX, SEM, XPS, FT-IR and diffuse reflectance spectroscopy (DRS). By virtue of the coordination interaction between the polyoxometalate (POM) unit and Ag+ ion in the K6[α-AgPW11O39] precursor and the confined cavity of NH2-MIL-101(Al), the fast reaction between Ag+ and Cl− ions was depressed and the over agglomeration of crystalline AgCl was limited. When the partial Ag+ ions were reduced into Ag0 metal in the AgCl NPs under UV irradiation, the resultant ultrafine Ag/POM-AgCl nanoparticles (NPs) possess an average particle size of 3.2 nm in diameter, representing one of the currently smallest Ag/AgCl composite NPs. The catalytic activity of this material was evaluated by the catalytic reduction of 4-nitrophenol and photocatalytic degradation of Rhodamine B (RhB) under visible light irradiation. Compared with its counterparts (Ag/AgCl NPs@NH2-MIL-101(Al)), the introduction of POM units into the Ag/AgCl composite NPs significantly improved the photocatalytic activity for degradation of RhB under visible light irradiation. A relevant photocatalytic mechanism was proposed.
Lightweight Cryptography Algorithms for Internet of Things enabled Networks: An Overview

Internet of Things is a worldwide set-up of interconnected entities that permits millions of devices to communicate with each other. Combined with reliable communication, ensuring security concerning confidentiality, integrity, and authenticity is a great challenge in IoT. Unsecured IoT devices open gateway for attacks. Unprotected and vulnerable devices, at times, allow easy entry for hackers, enabling them to have access to the shared network and personal, corporate assets. Conventional security measures are not suitable and cannot be applied to IoT technologies because of their minimum storage, low processing capacity, and limited computing power. Besides, scalability and heterogeneity issues arise when a variety of devices are interconnected. This paper presents the security threats and requirements of IoT cryptography, technology, and trends. The paper also discusses the challenges faced and the comparison of solutions already existing in IoT security.
Rheological properties and interactions between polysaccharides in mixed carrageenan solutions

The possibility of phase separation in the mixture of iota-carrageenan (IC) and kappa-carrageenan (KC) was elucidated by comparing rheological properties for carrageenan mixtures. In temperature sweeping experiments, lambda-carrageenan (LC) chain slightly lowered the aggregation temperature (Tagg) of IC and KC in the mixture solutions of IC-LC and KC-LC, respectively, by obstructing the aggregation. On the other hand, dextran chain largely lowered the Tagg of IC because of the strong interaction with IC chain, whereas dextran increased Tagg of KC. The IC-KC solutions showed two-step increases at the almost same temperatures with Taggs in single component solutions of IC and KC. This exhibits independent aggregations of IC and KC chains in the mixture and suggesting the phase separation in the IC-KC solution. In the time courses of G', the IC-LC solution showed increases of G' by local aggregation of IC chain and by growing of aggregation of IC chain through the obstructive LC chains. The IC-dextran mixture solution showed a depressed increase of G' caused by a strong interaction between IC and dextran. The time courses of G' for the IC-KC solution showed two-step increases suggesting the induced aggregation of KC chains by the aggregation of IC chains.
Engineering of Mixed Eu3+/Tb3+ Metal‐Organic Frameworks Luminescent Thermometers with Tunable Sensitivity

In the last decade, numerous Ln‐bearing metal‐organic frameworks (MOFs) have been reported for luminescence thermometry applications. Although the Ln3+ composition is always thoroughly determined, this parameter is never optimized to improve thermometric performances. Here, the optimization of thermometric performances of luminescent probes is tackled by reporting a series of mixed Eu3+–Tb3+ metal‐organic frameworks. The thermometric performances are accessed as a function of the Eu3+ content yielding a maximum relative sensitivity between 0.19 and 0.44% K−1 registered at temperatures between 340 and 240 K, respectively. A meticulous theoretical investigation of the Tb3+‐to‐Eu3+ energy transfer in the series of mixed Eu3+–Tb3+ MOFs is also performed to determine the predominant pathway of the energy transfer. For the first time, a clear evidence of the significant influence of the Eu/Tb ratio on the energy transfer between Ln3+ emitting centers is presented that definitively determines the operating temperature range and the maximum relative sensitivity of the luminescent thermal probes.
Deficit Irrigation Alters Grapevine Growth, Physiology, and Fruit Microclimate

A deficit irrigation trial was conducted with field-grown Cabernet Sauvignon grapevines in the Columbia Valley of southeastern Washington. Four irrigation regimes were applied in four replicated blocks to replace various fractions of crop evapotranspiration (ETc) between fruit set and harvest. These treatments were designated ET100 (100% ETc), ET70 (70% ETc), ET25 (25% ETc), and ET25/100 (25% ETc before veraison and 100% ETc thereafter). Leaf water status and gas exchange, canopy growth and microclimate, and yield formation were evaluated over three years. Despite yearly variation in growing season temperatures, irrigation treatment effects were consistent among years. Overall, deficit irrigation did not enhance water-use efficiency. The ET100 and ET70 regimes rarely differed in vine physiology and performance. The ET25 regime, however, strongly limited gas exchange and led to a decline in vine capacity and productivity, suggesting that this degree of water deficit was economically unsustainable. In addition, this treatment was associated with small berries on small clusters, very high fruit-zone sunlight exposure, and elevated cluster temperature. The ET25/100 regime was generally intermediate in vine physiology, growth, and yield components. This treatment resulted in open canopies and small berries without the penalty in vine capacity and yield that was incurred with ET25. Potential effects of water deficit on fruit composition may be related to altered canopy size and microclimate, in addition to decreased berry size.
Herbert Williams Smith, 3 May 1919 - 16 June 1987

Herbert Williams Smith was a naturalist and veterinarian as well as an experimental scientist. The volume and variety of the work that he undertook and published are impressive. Throughout his life his research was applied, in being designed to answer questions of practical importance in the everyday world. He certainly felt it a moral duty to work hard to that end and also loved it, counting it his main recreation. In the course of addressing practical questions in very direct, original and technically simple ways, he made a series of discoveries that brought him international recognition. He explained the pathogenesis of those diarrhoeal diseases of young animals that are caused by some strains of Escherichia coli; he showed that those strains produced enterotoxins and that, to cause disease, they also required specific, adhesive antigens to colonize the small intestine. He showed that both toxins and colonization factors were transmissible characters, determined by plasmids. He was also well known for his detailed study of the bacteriology of the intestinal tract, of salmonellosis in animals and of the emergence and spread of antibiotic resistance in bacteria of animals and man. Finally, he reopened the possibility, shelved for many years, of preventing or treating bacterial infections with bacteriophage. All this he did by himself, working alone or with junior assistants, and without sophisticated equipment or the back-up of a large institute. What he produced came from within himself. He was Herbert to his family and friends from early days, but to most people in the scientific world he was Willie Smith, and preferred to be called Willie.
TSH and GH Producing Macroadenoma. Escape to Control with Long-Acting Somatostatin Analogues (SSA) After 12 Years Follow-Up. About A Case

Tyroid-stimulatin hormone (TSH) - producing pituitary adenomas known as thyrotropinomas or TSHomas account for a small percentage of pituitary tumors [1]. Approximately 30% of them co-secrete growth hormone (GH), Prolactin, or αGSU of TSH [2]. We introduce a patient with a 12 years follow-up at our center with medical treatment by long-acting somatostatin analogues (SSA) due to rejected surgery. Along the treatment there is a scape with a secondary production of GH without image changes at the MRIs. We suggest a progressively acquired resistance to the medical treatment.
A Distributed Stubs Technique to Mitigate Flicker Noise Upconversion in a mm-Wave Rotary Traveling-Wave Oscillator

A rotary traveling-wave oscillator (RTWO) has an ability to generate multiple phases at millimeter-wave (mmW) frequencies while achieving low phase noise (PN). Unfortunately, due to the practically unavoidable transmission line (TL) dispersion, which causes the higher-order harmonics to travel faster than the fundamental, RTWOs suffer from flicker noise upconversion. In this article, we propose a “distributed stubs” technique to mitigate this mechanism in which tuning capacitors placed on the TL stubs away from the maintaining amplifiers will slow down the travel speed of higher-order harmonics relative to the fundamental, thus lowering the phase shifts due to the TL dispersion. We further provide a comprehensive analysis of the flicker noise upconversion mechanism due to the TL dispersion. The proposed 26.2–30-GHz RTWO is implemented in 22-nm fully depleted silicon-on-insulator (FD-SOI) CMOS with eight differential phases. At 30 GHz, it achieves PN of −107.6 and −128.9 dBc/Hz at 1- and 10-MHz offsets, respectively. This translates into figures-of-merit (FoMs) of 184.2 and 185.4 dB, respectively, for a single phase. The proposed architecture consumes 20 mW from 0.8-V supply. It achieves a flicker PN corner of 180 kHz, which is an order-of-magnitude better than currently achievable by state-of-the-art mmW RTWOs.
Pedestrian Crossing Carriage Using Ultrasonic Sensor

Automation is the most used technology nowadays for the Zebra crossing mechanism used as an automatic intelligent carriage. In several areas, intersections with crosswalks are also the maximum amount as a kilometer apart, deed pedestrians with no safe thanks to cross the road. This paper analysed the rise in pedestrian crossing traffic accidents supported for the improvement of zebra crossing facilities. Pedestrian crossing may be a very important part of foot traffic analysis which may much facilitate scale back and avoid pedestrian injuries. Moreover, inappropriate planning, a fast increase in population, urbanization, and restricted road capacities in major cities have distended this matter. The main aim is to detect the pedestrian crossing in the signal walking path and design an intelligent carriage to avoid fatal death and traffic. Using ultra sensors to detect vehicles and avoid accidents.
Millimeter Wave Photonic Tightly Coupled Array

We present a tightly coupled array antenna excited by high-power photodiodes for millimeter wave transmit operation. The design includes thinned photodiode substrates for improved bandwidth performance at high frequency combined with the inherently lightweight, low-loss, and direct feeding architecture afforded by the photonic approach. Circuit and full wave simulations are conducted for array design and compared against the traditional electronic arrays in the literature. A prototype <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$1 \times 3$ </tex-math></inline-formula> photonic array is developed and characterized to validate the design which achieves a 3 dB (<inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$VSWR < 1.4$ </tex-math></inline-formula>) radiated power bandwidth of 4.6:1 across 13–60 GHz and maintains a 3 dB bandwidth near 4:1 across scan angles up to 30°. The fabricated array exhibits a 3 dB radiated power bandwidth of 1.8:1 across 30–55 GHz and a maximum measured effective isotropic radiated power of 19.4 dBm at 40 GHz.
Methylcobalamine (Vitamin B12): Water Soluble Vitamin with Various Pharmacological Aspect

Article Info: ___________________________________________________ Article History: Received 06 Oct 2020; Review Completed 19 Dec 2020 Accepted 27 Dec 2020; Available online 15 Jan 2021 ________________________________ Cite this article as: Yadav RK, Mishra S, Jain D, Methylcobalamine (Vitamin B12): Water Soluble Vitamin with Various Pharmacological Aspect, Journal of Drug Delivery and Therapeutics. 2021; 11(1):130-137 DOI: http://dx.doi. org/10.22270/jddt.v11i1. 4488 ___________________________________________________