Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Surgical approaches for bronchopleural fistula

Bronchopleural fistula (BPF) is defined as a direct communication between the bronchus and the pleural space. The low incidence of tuberculosis added to the development of technical and surgical thoracic equipment has greatly decreased its incidence. However, despite surgical refinement, postpneumonectomy BPF is still a severe postoperative complication with high rates of morbidity and mortality. Postlobectomy BPF, however, occurs in less than 1% of patients and has a much lower mortality rate. The clinical suspicion of BPF obligates an urgent and objective investigation that allows proper decision-making for the management of this highly morbid complication. Despite all medical and technical advances, BPF remains a challenge to the thoracic surgeon. The focus of this chapter is to review the surgical approaches to BPF.
Adaptive Prior Selection for Repertoire-based Online Learning in Robotics.

Among the data-efficient approaches for online adaptation in robotics (meta-learning, model-based reinforcement learning, etc.), repertoire-based learning (1) generates a large and diverse set policies in simulation that acts as a "reservoir" for future adaptations and (2) learns to pick online the best working policies according to the current situation (e.g., a damaged robot, a new object, etc.). Each of these policies performs a different task, for instance, walking in different directions; these policies are then sequenced with a planning algorithm to achieve the given task. In this paper, we relax the assumption of previous works that a single repertoire is enough for adaptation. Instead, we generate repertoires for many different situations (e.g., with a missing leg, on different floors, etc.) in simulation that act as priors for adaptation. Our main contribution is an algorithm, APROL (Adaptive Prior selection for Repertoire-based Online Learning) to plan the next action by incorporating these priors when the robot has no information about the current situation. We evaluate APROL on two simulated tasks: (1) pushing unknown objects of various shapes and sizes with a kuka arm and (2) a goal reaching task with a damaged hexapod robot. We compare with "Reset-free Trial and Error" (RTE) and various single repertoire-based baselines. The results show that APROL solves both tasks in less interaction time than the baselines. Additionally, we demonstrate APROL on a real, damaged hexapod that quickly learns compensatory policies to reach a goal by avoiding obstacle in the path.
Changes in lipid metabolism in osteoarthritis patients with arterial hypertension, obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus depending on matrilin-3 (RS77245812) and interleukin-10 (RS1800872) genes polymorphism

The changes of lipid metabolism were evaluated depending on genes polymorphism matrilin-3 (MATN3, rs77245812) and interleukin-10 (IL-10, rs1800872) in 74 osteoarthritis patients combined with AH, abdominal obesity, type 2 diabetes mellitus and 25 practically healthy persons. The C908T polymorphism of MATN3 gene associate with a high density level cholesterol (HDL) decrease (F=14.97), with increasing of low density level cholesterol (LDL) concentration (F=10.54) and increasing of an atherogenic index (AI) (F=25.12) without direct dependence on gene genotypes. While the IL-10 gene (rs1800872) promoter site associates with an increased total cholesterol (TC) content (F=20.94), slightly less with Triglycerides (F=3.46), LDL (F=7.55), very low density level cholesterol (VLDL) (F=8.78) and reduced level of HDL (F=12.78), especially in the A allele carriers. Almost half of the examined patients (56.76%) had a mixed atherogenic ІІb type of dyslipidemia by D. Fredrickson and every third (27.03%) patient evidently had an endogenous type IV hyperlipidemia (hypertriglyceridemia).
A Compact Source–Load Agnostic Flexible Rectenna Topology for IoT Devices

This article presents a new compact lightweight radio frequency (RF) energy harvesting system. The system relies on a dual-tapered transmission line-based matching network that stretches the rectification capability of an integrated Schottky diode. This topology is demonstrated on a 2.4 GHz rigid harvesting system with a resulting power conversion efficiency that reaches up to 58% over 0 dBm input RF power. Its performance is compared with a reference rectifier that relies on a typical open circuit shunt-stub matching network. The rectifier along with a miniaturized monopole antenna is then tailored for a flexible substrate with a resulting efficiency around 50% at 0 dBm input power. The rectifier exhibits an almost flat efficiency over the 2.3–2.5 GHz frequency span despite wide load variations. The system is characterized in multiple bent configurations featuring high and stable performance. It is demonstrated that for different bent states, the proposed flexible harvester does not display large variations in harvested power. Thus, the presented rectenna demonstrates the remarkable combination of compactness, flexibility, and stability. Equipped with these features, such rectifier can be plugged into a variety of sensors, even on wearable surfaces, which makes it ideal for Internet of Things (IoT) applications.
Studies of Initial Growth of GaN on InN

III-nitride materials have recently attracted much attention for applications in both the microelectronics and optoelectronics. For optoelectronic devices, III-nitride materials with tunable energy band gaps can be used as the active region of devices to enhance the absorption or emission. A such material is indium nitride (InN), which along with gallium nitride (GaN) and aluminum nitride (AlN) embody the very real promise of forming the basis of a broad spectrum, a high efficiency solar cell. One of the remaining complications in incorporating InN into a solar cell design is the effects of the high temperature growth of the GaN crystal on the InN crystal, which begins to degrade at these high temperatures over approximately 500 °C. Two samples of GaN/sapphire substrates were utilized to grow InN layers with different thickness, 300 nm and 1000 nm, and temperature, 450 °C and 400 °C, by molecular beam epitaxy, respectively. These samples were explored using atomic force microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, and optical microscopy to characterize the surface defects, and x-ray diffraction, transmission measurements, and Raman to characterize the structure defects. After studying the two samples, the 1000 nm InN layer with a growth temperature of 400 °C had a high-quality crystal structure and good surface morphology compared with the 300 nm InN layer with a growth temperature of 450 °C. The 1000 nm InN layer with a growth temperature of 400 °C was used as a substrate to study the growth of GaN on InN. This was initiated with a cap of 10 nm GaN at 400 °C to prevent the InN from evaporating. Then, a 50 nm layer of GaN was grown at high temperature (795 °C). After characterizing the surface morphology and the quality of crystal structure, the GaN layer was very rough, and the InN layer was found to have evaporated completely during the growth process. Therefore, another sample was grown with 50 nm GaN at low temperature, 400 °C. After characterizing the crystal structure and surface morphology, the GaN layer was successfully deposited on the InN layer.
Are there Nutritional Recommendations for Wheelchair Basketball Available

The study of nutritional requirements of team sports athletes is growing considerably in recent years, allowing determining their nutritional needs both, in training and competition. However, scientific research does not seem to progress in the same way with Paralympics team sports, such as wheelchair basketball. Scientific literature does not allow determining the most effective nutritional practices to improve performance and recovery of these athletes nor to reduce the incidence of injuries other than the chronic disability of the subjects [1,2].
Evaluating the Impact of Strategies for Tuberculosis Prevention and Control in High-Burden, Low-Resource Settings: Data for Evidence-Based Decision-Making in Local Contexts

ii Thesis Committee . vi Thesis Readers & Final Examination Committee . vi Alternate Committee Members . vii Preface . viii CHAPTER 1: Introduction and Review of the Literature . 1 Tuberculosis Epidemiology . 2 Global TB Control . 4 TB Case-Finding . 6 Diagnostic Tests for TB . 10 Isoniazid Preventive Therapy . 12 REFERENCES . 17 CHAPTER 2: Yield of Household Contact Tracing for Tuberculosis in Rural South AFRICA . 25 ABSTRACT . 27 BACKGROUND: . 28 METHODS: . 29 Study setting . 29 Participants . 29 Household Visits . 30 Statistical Analysis: . 31 RESULTS: . 32 Index Cases: . 32 Household Contacts: . 33 Yield and Number Needed to Screen: . 33 Predictors of TB . 34 DISCUSSION: . 35 Conclusion: . 37 REFERENCES . 43 CHAPTER 3: Costs and Consequences of Using Interferon-γ Release Assays for the Diagnosis of Active Tuberculosis in India . 45 ABSTRACT:. 47 x INTRODUCTION: . 49 MATERIALS AND METHODS: . 50 Study Design and Population: . 50 Parameters and Assumptions . 52 Sensitivity Analysis . 54 RESULTS: . 55 DISCUSSION: . 58 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS . 62 REFERENCES . 71 CHAPTER 4: Predictors of Isoniazid Preventive Therapy Completion among Adults Newly Diagnosed with HIV in Rural Malawi . 76 ABSTRACT . 77 BACKGROUND: . 80 METHODS: . 81 Study Design . 81 Study Procedures . 83 Statistical Methods . 84 Ethical Considerations . 85 RESULTS: . 85 Multilevel Model . 87 DISCUSSION: . 88 REFERENCES . 97 CHAPTER 5: Conclusions . 100 Summary of Results: . 101 Strengths and Limitations: . 104 Public Health Importance: . 107 Conclusions: . 114 References: . 115 CHAPTER 6: Curriculm Vitae . 118
Mathematical Modelling and Robust PID Controller Design for Compressed Air Pressure Control Process

Industrial Compressed Air Pressure Control (ICAPC) process is one of the significant and demanding tasks in all the process industries. Due to the unpredictable leakages and nonlinear behavior of the pneumatic control valve, the automatic pressure control is very difficult with respect to its various preferable operating points. In this paper mathematical modeling, robust PID controller and novel parameter optimization technique have been proposed. This paper deals with various effects of disturbances and uncertainties affecting the process dynamics. The novel robust controller yields better set-point tracking capability and survives against the sudden regulation in the load parameter changes. For mathematical modelling and parameter optimization, the robust hybrid form of fminsearch and fmincon (FSFC) technique has been used, which provides the accurate transfer function model and the model validation has been analyzed with respect to real-time pressure process. This paper also proposed PID controller optimization techniques such as Pattern Search (PS) and Fsolve (FS) for the pressure process with split-range control scheme and the closed loop performances are compared with existing Ziegler-Nichols (Z-N) and Genetic Algorithm (GA) based PID controller. The simulation and real time closed loop response have been obtained based on the Servo-problem (set point change) and Regulatory-problem(load change) operating conditions.
Methylhydrazinium Lead Bromide: Noncentrosymmetric Three-Dimensional Perovskite with Exceptionally Large Framework Distortion and Green Photoluminescence

Three-dimensional (3D) lead halide perovskites have emerged as a promising class of coordination polymers for solar cells, photodetectors and light emitting devices. These compounds thus far comprised methylammonium, formamidinium or cesium as cations. In this work, we introduce a new methylhydrazinium 3D perovskite, CH3NH2NH2PbBr3 that crystallizes in the polar P21 structure at room temperature and undergoes a phase transition to the cubic Pm3 m phase at 418 K. This perovskite exhibits strong second-harmonic generation (SHG) activity, features switchable dielectric behavior, thermochromism as well as two-photon energy up-conversion under 800 nm excitation.
Neuraminidase inhibitors: Oseltamivir, Peramivir, Synthesis and Profile

According to the Centre for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), every year in the United States more than 200,000 people are hospitalized due to influenza or its complications, and of this number about 36,000 people die each year. Other than amantadine, another anti-influenzal agent only inhibits influenza A virus and not B, in contrast to previous therapies, Neuraminidase (NA) inhibitors are effective for both influenza A and B. Neuraminidase inhibitors check the discharge of influenza virus and inhibit its spreading to the normal cells. Two neuraminidase inhibitors are on the market as drugs for influenza: Peramivir (BioCryst) and Oseltamivir (Tamiflu®, Gilead/Roche). However, Peramivir (I.V.) is recently approved precisely only for hospitalized adult and pediatric patients of Flu (SEASONAL INFLUENZA / I.V.).
Inverse Entezar Weibull and Its Application in Identification of Influential Factors on the Survival of Patients with Blood Cancers

Background: Blood cancer is a disease with a high burden level and a mortality rate of 2.8% which has a growing trend in Iran. For this reason, it is important to study the survival ratio of patients who were afflicted with this disease. The present study was conducted to determine the factors affecting the survival time of patients with various types of blood cancers. Objectives: This is a historical cohort study that examines the survival of patients with blood cancer who received bone marrow transplants in the presence of some explanatory variables. Methods: This descriptive-analytical study was performed on data extracted from files in the bone marrow transplant department, Taleghani Hospital, Tehran, Iran which is affiliated with Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences. Patients who were candidates for a bone marrow transplant from all over the country (from 2007 to 2016) with different types of complaints were considered as the subjects of this study. Inverse Entezar Weibull model was used to analyze the survival time and investigate the factors affecting the survival of patients. Results: Of 99 patients, 20.1% died of a type of blood cancer. One-year, five-year and eight-year survival of patients were 90.2%, 76.6%, and 74.2%, respectively. Age at diagnosis time, number of relapses before bone marrow transplant, and the type of diagnosis were identified as factors affecting the survival time of patients with different types of blood cancer. Conclusions: This study showed that age factor at the time of diagnosis, the number of relapses before the bone marrow transplant, and the type of diagnosis were effective factors in the survival of patients with blood cancer.
Extending Functional kriging to a multivariate context

Salvo FD1, Ruggieri M2 and Plaia A2 1Department of Agricultural Sciences, Food and Forestry, University of Palermo, Italy 2Department of Economics, Business and Statistics, University of Palermo, Italy *Corresponding Author: Mariantonietta Ruggieri, Department of Economics, Business and Statistics, University of Palermo, Italy, E-mail: mariantonietta.ruggieri@unipa.it Citation: Ruggieri M (2019) Extending Functional Kriging to a Multivariate Context. International Journal of Statistical Analysis. V1(1): 1-7. Received Date: Dec 11, 2019 Accepted Date: Jan 02, 2020 Published Date: Jan 06, 2020
Nadir-Dependent GNSS Code Biases and Their Effect on 2D and 3D Ionosphere Modeling

Recent publications have shown that group delay variations are present in the code observables of the BeiDou system, as well as to a lesser degree in the code observables of the global positioning system (GPS). These variations could potentially affect precise point positioning, integer ambiguity resolution by the Hatch–Melbourne–Wübbena linear combination, and total electron content estimation for ionosphere modeling from global navigation satellite system (GNSS) observations. The latter is an important characteristic of the ionosphere and a prerequisite in some applications of precise positioning. By analyzing the residuals from total electron content estimation, the existence of group delay variations was confirmed by a method independent of the methods previously used. It also provides knowledge of the effects of group delay variations on ionosphere modeling. These biases were confirmed both for two-dimensional ionosphere modeling by the thin shell model, as well as for three-dimensional ionosphere modeling using tomographic inversion. BeiDou group delay variations were prominent and consistent in the residuals for both the two-dimensional and three-dimensional case of ionosphere modeling, while GPS group delay variations were smaller and could not be confirmed due to the accuracy limitations of the ionospheric models. Group delay variations were, to a larger extent, absorbed by the ionospheric model when three-dimensional ionospheric tomography was performed in comparison with two-dimensional modeling.
An Advisor Like Me? Advisor Gender and Post-Graduate Careers in Science

We investigate whether having an advisor of the same gender is correlated with the productivity of PhD science students and their propensity to stay in academic science. Our analysis is based on an original dataset covering nearly 20,000 PhD graduates and their advisors from U.S. chemistry departments. We find that students with an advisor of the same gender tend to be more productive during the PhD and more likely to become professors themselves. We suggest that the under-representation of women in science and engineering faculty positions may perpetuate itself through the lower availability of same-gender advisors for female students.
The Effect of Social Media Usage Characteristics on e-WOM, Trust, and Brand Equity: Focusing on Users of Airline Social Media

Brand equity is a valuable intangible asset for companies, yet is increasingly difficult in managing in an era with hard to control social media. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of social media usage characteristics on electronic word-of-mouth (e-WOM), trust, and brand equity by dividing the characteristics to personality, social, and information. A survey was administered to 430 respondents who had experience of using airline social media and the collected data was analyzed using structural equation modeling. The results showed that the personality and informational characteristics from social media usage had statistically significant effects on e-WOM. It was found that the e-WOM had significant effects on trust and also on brand awareness. The trust was shown to have a statistically significant effect on brand awareness and brand image. Therefore, this study categorizes social media usage characteristics into three characteristics: personality characteristics, social characteristics, and information characteristics, and each of these usage characteristics present a strategy to improve actual brand equity of airline through e-WOM and trust in empirical methods. The findings of this study are expected to provide fundamental data for the development of strategies related to airline social media. In addition, this study has implications for suggesting to improve brand equity through e-WOM and trust.
Physical and mechanical properties and structure of copper-based composite materials for diamond tools binder

The article describes the structure and physical and mechanical properties of dispersion-strengthened composite materials of Cu-Al-Ti-Sn-C-O system developed as a binder for making diamond tools for grinding composite materials and, in particular, hard alloys. It is shown that the materials under analysis have high thermal conductivity and recrystallization temperature values and are not inferior by mechanical properties to Cu-Sn system binders and, in particular, Cu-20 Sn binder widely used in the industry.
Android Malicious App Detection Based on CNN Deep Learning Algorithm

In recent years, with the increasing number of Android applications, Android malicious apps have also increased exponentially. This paper proposes a detection scheme based on CNN deep learning algorithms. The scheme uses static analysis and detection methods. CNN deep learning algorithms have become very mature in the field of image classification. Therefore, this article uses a conversion algorithm to convert Android APK binary files to RGB PNG images, and then uses the algorithm to extract permissions in the APK, and converts the permission matrix to a transparency matrix, combines the previous RGB images, and finally generates RGBA images. RGBA images contain more information than RGB images, and the use of CNN deep learning algorithms works better and the final detection rate reaches 93.4%.
Abstract MP14: A K572Q Mutation in Gamma-adducin Is Responsible for the Impaired Myogenic Response and Autoregulation of Renal and Cerebral Blood Flow in FHH Rats

The FHH rat is a genetic model of hypertension induced CKD, but the genes and pathways involved are unknown. We recently reported that the myogenic response of the renal and cerebral arteries is impaired in FHH rats and it was restored in a FHH.1BN congenic strain in which a small region of Chr. 1 containing 15 genes, including gamma-Adducin (Add3), from BN rats was transferred into the FHH background. We further identified a K572Q mutation in Add3 in FHH versus FHH.1BN rat. The present study examined the contribution of Add3 to the impaired myogenic reactivity using Add3 transgenic and KO rats. The diameter of the middle cerebral artery (MCA) decreased by 20-30% in SD, FHH.1BN and FHH.Add3 transgenic rats when perfusion pressure was increased from 40 to 140 mmHg. In contrast, the MCA of FHH and SD.Add3 knockout rats did not constrict. The myogenic response of the MCA is also impaired in MNS rats that share the same mutation in Add3 as in FHH rat and this phenotype was complemented in a F1 cross of FHH and MNS strain. Autoregulation of CBF was impaired in FHH rats and rose by 99 ± 7% when MAP was increased from 100 to 190 mmHg and was restored in FHH.Add3 and FHH.1BN rats. Similarly, the diameter of Af-art of FHH, MNS and a F1 cross of FHH and MNS rat increased in response to increase in perfusion pressure but decreased in FHH.1BN rats that have wild type Add3. FHH rats exhibited impaired autoregulation of RBF in comparison with FHH.1BN rats. Pgc estimated from the stopflow pressure increased by 20 mmHg in FHH rats when RPP was increased from 100 to 140 mmHg versus only 4 mmHg in the congenic strain. FHH rats developed severe renal injury and proteinuria rose from 37 ± 2 to 260 ± 32 mg/day as they aged from 12 to 21 weeks, but rose by a significant lesser extent in FHH.1BN and FHH.Add3 rats. BK current in VSMC isolated from the MCA was 5-fold higher in FHH vs. FHH.1BN rats. Administration of IBTX normalized the elevated BK channel current and restored the myogenic response in FHH rats but it had little effect in FHH.1BN. These results indicate that the K572Q mutation in Add3 plays a causal role in the impaired myogenic response and autoregulation of renal and cerebral circulation in FHH rats and may contribute to the development of renal and cerebral end organ damage with aging and after the onset of hypertension.
Letter to the Editor: Relationship Between Neuropsychiatric Symptoms and Activities of Daily Living in Alzheimer Disease

Copyright © 2018 by The Korean Geriatric Society This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/) which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Letter to the Editor: Relationship Between Neuropsychiatric Symptoms and Activities of Daily Living in Alzheimer Disease