Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Strategic Drug Delivery Targeted to the Brain: A Review

The central nervous system (CNS), efficiently isolated from the systemic circulation by the blood–brain barrier (BBB), represents a challenging therapeutic target. For CNS targeted agents, augmenting brain exposure by increasing blood drug concentrations often is prohibited by systemic toxicity. Therefore, a means for selectively increasing brain exposure, while minimizing systemic exposure, would be desirable. Many existing pharmaceuticals are rendered ineffective in the treatment of cerebral diseases due to our inability to effectively deliver and sustain them within the brain. General methods that can enhance drug delivery to the brain are, therefore, of great interest. Despite aggressive research, patients suffering from fatal and/or debilitating central nervous system (CNS) diseases, such as brain tumors, HIV encephalopathy, epilepsy, cerebrovascular diseases and neurodegenerative disorders, far outnumber those dying of all types of systemic cancer or heart disease. The clinical failure of much potentially effective therapeutics is often not due to a lack of drug potency but rather to shortcomings in the method by which the drug is delivered. Although several promising molecules have the potential in the in vitro settings but lack of in vivo response is probably because the molecule cannot reach the brain in a sufficient concentration. Drug delivery across the BBB is a major limitation in the treatment of central nervous system (CNS) disorders and CNS infections. As pharmacological strategies improve, there will be less need for invasive procedures for treating CNS diseases. Considerable strides have been made in intravascular delivery and neurosurgical invasive procedures to deliver therapeutic substances into the brain. This review deals with the role of several strategies and rational drug design directed at delivering drugs to the brain.
Foam mat drying of banana juice: varieties of ripe banana analysis and egg albumen foam

Drying technologies for ripen bananas is needed. Ripe bananas contains more antioxidant levels, anti-cancerous properties, easier to digest and useful for anxiety and depression. Considering nutrition compositional changes and the effect of external factors during processing ripe banana as a flour, foam mat drying with egg albumen foam was chosen. This research aim to provide an overview of banana juice foam mats from three different varieties bananas at level 5 up to 7 of maturity and mixed into different proportion using egg albumen as foaming agent and dried at temperatures from 60 °C to 80 °C in a cabinet dryer to a brittle and porous solid which able to grind. The study revealed that there is a significant difference in combination of banana varieties to rendement, the solubility of the powder and moisture content. The combination of various varieties of bananas is considered better to produce quality of ripen banana flour.
Child safety restraint usage in Romania - an observational study design

Background Romania presently has limited policies and capacity to prevent child and adolescent injuries but also little data to document the consequences of not using appropriate child passenger restraint. Our aim was to document child safety restraint use and identify factors associated with proper child restraint in a motor vehicle. Methods An observational study on child safety restraint was conducted in Cluj-Napoca, Romania, between 2013 and 2014. Observational sites included 38 schools and kindergartens …
Análisis de costo oportunidad del uso de coproscópico en diarrea aguda en menores de 5 años.

Objetivo: Analizar el uso de coproscopico de rutina menores de 5 anos con diarrea aguda, en hospital de primer nivel de Bogota y evaluar la mejor forma de asignar los recursos usados en esta intervencion a una alternativa que produzca mayor beneficio. Metodos: Revision de la literatura en diarrea aguda y utilidad del coproscopico. Recopilacion de datos de consultas por diarrea en ninos de 0-5 anos y coproscopicos realizados entre octubre de 2011 y febrero de 2012 en Hospital de Bogota, con seleccion de aquellos sugestivos de enfermedad enteroinvasiva, calculo del costo de su uso y estimacion del costo-oportunidad en realizacion de programas que reduzcan la morbimortalidad en menores de 5 anos.Resultados: La principal etiologia de la enfermedad diarreica es viral. Mas de 5 leucos/campo tiene una sensibilidad y especificidad adecuada que no supera la valoracion clinica. Se solicito coproscopico en 44.8%; el 14.6% sugerian enfermedad enteroinvasiva. El 30.2% de los pacientes no requerian coproscopico y su costo corresponde a $5.266. 400.Conclusiones: La utilidad del coproscopico es baja y no mejora la probabilidad pretest de diarrea enteroinvasiva, es necesario abordar la el analisis de costo-oportunidad para la distribucion correcta de los recursos en intervenciones que reduzcan la morbimortalidad.
Uso de instrumentos clínicos para la evaluación de pacientes y resultados de tratamiento en trastornos por uso de sustancias (TUS)

Introduction: Having tools to assess the outcomes of treatment in patients with substance use disorders is highly important. Objective: To review the last 10 years of scientific literature related to the validation and use of instruments or other performance measures in treatment evaluation. Materials and methods: A search of scientific papers, published between 2005 and 2015, addressing measurement instruments for substance use disorders and effectiveness of treatments was performed. The MEDLINE database was used and the search was limited to titles, abstracts and full texts available. Results: 21 instrument validation studies, 14 performance evaluations using instruments, 5 narrative reviews and 2 systematic reviews were selected. Conclusions: The found instruments explore different areas depending on the type of treatment and proposed objectives; however, there is not a unique test to fully assess the results of treatment due to the complexity of the topic. It is recommended to continue the development and validation of specific tools for complex treatments in institutions working with comprehensive therapeutic models.
Cretaceous-Paleocene transition along a rocky carbonate shore: Implications for the Cretaceous-Paleocene boundary event in shallow platform environments and correlation to the deep sea

The Cretaceous-Paleocene (K/P) boundary intervals are rarely preserved in successions of shallow-water limestones. Here, we describe a shallow rocky shore on the active orogenic wedge of the eastern Alps (Austria) fringed by a carbonate platform that was largely cannibalized by erosion. We compared this succession with similar nearshore environments globally, as well as the deep sea, to gain a better understanding of the environmental response to the K/P boundary transition. In the eastern Alps, Cretaceous and Paleocene lithofacies across the K/P boundary transition are separated by a hardground that formed during subaerial exposure and that terminates Upper Maastrichtian limestone with planktic foraminiferal assemblages deposited at neritic depth during zone CF3 (ca. 66.500 Ma). Above the hardground, there are beachrocks with early Danian zone P1a(1) assemblages, which indicate the hardground spans about ~600 k.y. of nondeposition and/or erosion. During the early Danian, the marine transgressive fringe fluctuated between “shoreface to emersion” environments, depositing limestones rich in bryozoans, rhynchonellids, coralline algae, and rare planktic foraminifera along with abraded, bored, and/or encrusted clasts eroded from older rocks. Repeated short subaerial exposure is marked by vadose diagenesis and hardgrounds, including an ~1.5 m.y. interval between magnetochrons C29n to C28n and planktic foraminiferal zones P1b to P1c(2). *Diethard.G. Sanders@uibk.ac. at Current address: Biologiezentrum-Oberösterreichisches Landesmuseum, Johann-Wilhelm-Klein-Strasse 73, A-4040 Linz, Austria. Sanders, D. , Keller, G. , Schlagintweit, F. , and Studeny, M. , 2019, Cretaceous-Paleocene transition along a rocky carbonate shore: Implications for the CretaceousPaleocene boundary event in shallow platform environments and correlation to the deep sea, in Adatte, T. , Bond, D.P.G. , and Keller, G. , eds., Mass Extinctions, Volcanism, and Impacts: New Developments: Geological Society of America Special Paper 544, p. 1–XXX, https://doi.org/10.1130/2019.2544(06). © 2019 The Authors. Gold Open Access: This chapter is published under the terms of the CC-BY license and is available open access on www.gsapubs. org. OPEN ACCESS GO LD Downloaded from https://pubs.geoscienceworld. org/books/chapter-pdf/4929473/spe544-06.pdf by Princeton University user on 27 January 2020
Étude de la consommation chronique d'inhibiteurs de la pompe à protons en EHPAD : indications documentées et médications associées pour 134 résidents

La consommation d’inhibiteurs de la pompe a protons (IPP) ne cesse d’augmenter. Peu d’etudes se sont interessees aux motifs de prescription chronique d’IPP chez les personnes âgees vivant en institution (EHPAD). OBJECTIFS : deux etudes complementaires ont ete realisees, dont les objectifs respectifs etaient : 1/ l’evaluation qualitative et quantitative de la consommation annuelle d’IPP dans 100 EHPAD. 2/ parmi un echantillon de consommateurs chroniques d’IPP repartis dans 4 EHPAD : (i) confronter les indications aux recommandations officielles afin de mettre en evidence les prescriptions appropriees et celles potentiellement inappropriees ; (ii) etudier les co-medications associees a un usage prolonge d’IPP. METHODE : 1/ etude descriptive, observationnelle, retrospective, multicentrique, incluant les residents ayant beneficie d’au moins une prescription d’IPP, au sein de 100 EHPAD francaises, durant l’annee 2013. 2/ etude observationnelle, retrospective, multicentrique, parmi un echantillon de consommateurs chroniques d’IPP, avec analyse des indications et des co-medications d’antiagregants (AAP), anticoagulants (AC) et anti inflammatoires non steroidiens (AINS). RESULTATS : 1/ parmi 12 739 residents, 40% avaient consomme un IPP en 2013. Les prescriptions chroniques etaient majoritaires (92% des ordonnances). Ainsi, 4650 residents, soit 37%, avaient beneficie d’au moins une prescription chronique d’IPP en 2013. Les IPP etaient prescrits a raison d’une unite de prise par jour (95% des cas), majoritairement le soir (81% des prescriptions). L’esomeprazole etait la molecule la plus prescrite (43% des ordonnances chroniques). 2/ 134 consommateurs chroniques d’IPP etaient inclus. Les indications etaient documentees dans seulement 44% des cas. Parmi ces indications, seulement une sur deux etait appropriee. La co-prescription avec un AAP et/ou un AC et/ou un AINS et/ou un corticoide concernait 70% des residents. 65% des residents sans justification explicite de la prescription d’IPP consommaient un AAP ou un AC au long cours. CONCLUSION : la consommation d’IPP n’est pas suffisamment justifiee par les medecins en charge des residents, et un nombre important de prescriptions apparaissent comme potentiellement inappropriees. La co-medication avec un AAP ou un AC participe peut-etre au mesusage des IPP.
CHALLENGES FACING ETHICAL LEADERSHIP AND GOVERNANCE IN KENYA. A CASE OF UASIN GISHU COUNTY

This paper delved into the challenges facing ethical leadership and governance in Kenya with specific reference to the County of Uasin Gishu. Several studies had indicated that public and private institutions in Kenya face governance challenges as a result of lack of and/or inadequate ethical leadership. This paper argued that entrenchment of ethical leadership practices can ameliorate governance challenges that bedevil counties in Kenya. The study adopted descriptive survey research design, where the target population comprised of elected and non-elected leaders in Uasin Gishu County (N=728). The sample size was obtained through stratified sampling techniques, purposive sampling and random sampling to produce 352 respondents. Questionnaires were used for data collection. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and presented using tables and figures. Analysis of data established that effectiveness of ethical leadership and governance is hindered by uncommitted top leadership that is necessitated by insufficient structures and procedures to guide implementation of ethical code of conduct. In addition, the study established that rigid organizational culture affected effectiveness of ethical leadership, which poses a risk to important organizational assets, such as brand reputation and talent. Study findings revealed that organizational structure influences effectiveness of ethical culture in addition to low levels of competence among the staff. Level of resourcefulness influences managers’ professionalism on ethical leadership and governance. The study established that ethical leadership on governance faces plethora of challenges. The study concluded that challenges facing ethical leadership and governance showed that dwindling support from top managers, rigid organizational culture, level of staff competence, managers’ professionalism, and organizational structure affect effectiveness of ethical leadership and governance. The extent to which those with authority communicate with everyone and how much they allow those that work below them to participate determines how successful organizations will be. Keywords: Ethics, Governance, Public Sector CITATION: Kosgey, H. K. , Ongera, A. , & Thuo, M. (2020). Challenges facing ethical leadership and governance in Kenya. A case of Uasin Gishu County. The Strategic Journal of Business & Change Management, 7(1), 615 – 627.
Derived Invariance of the Tamarkin-Tsygan Calculus of an Associative Algebra

Dans cette these nous demontrons que le calcul de Tamarkin-Tsygan d’une algebre `associative de dimension finie sur un corps est un invariant derive. En d’autres mots, le resultat principal de ce travail est le suivant : une equivalence derivee entre deux algebres de dimension finie sur un corps induit un isomorphisme entre l’homologie de Hochschild et la cohomologie de Hochschild qui respecte simultanement le cup produit, le cap produit, le crochet de Gerstenhaber et la ´differentielle de Connes.
Classificação Inteligente de Eventos Extremos Utilizando Redes Neurais e HOG em Imagens de Satélite

Este trabalho apresenta uma proposta de analise de eventos extremos em imagens de satelite, especificamente a caracterizacao de eventos climaticos como chuvas torrenciais, tempestades, furacoes e tornados. A classificacao de eventos climaticos e de certa forma, algo de grande importancia para todas as categorias sociais e governamentais, isto se da devido aos efeitos de eventos extremos em diversos setores da economia, da agricultura, da saude publica e setores sociais. Desta forma apresentamos um modelo baseado em redes neurais artificiais para aprendizagem dos padroes do Histograma de Gradientes Orientados em imagens de satelite buscando identificar a ocorrencia ou nao de eventos extremos.
An overview of deep learning methods for image registration with focus on feature-based approaches

ABSTRACT Image registration is an essential pre-processing step for several computer vision problems like image reconstruction and image fusion. In this paper, we present a review on image registration approaches using deep learning. The focus of the survey presented is on how conventional image registration methods such as area-based and feature-based methods are addressed using deep net architectures. Registration approach adopted depends on type of images and type of transformation used to describe the deformation between the images in an application. We then present a comparative performance analysis of convolutional neural networks that have shown good performance across feature extraction, matching and transformation estimation in featured-based registration. Experimentation is done on each of these approaches using a dataset of aerial images generated by inducing deformations such as scale.
Have we got the selection process right? The validity of selection tools for predicting academic performance in the first year of undergraduate medicine

This article was migrated. The article was marked as recommended. Content: There remains much debate over the ‘best’ method for selecting students in to medicine. This study aimed to assess the predictive validity of four different selection tools with academic performance outcomes in first-year undergraduate medical students. Methods: Regression analyses were conducted between admission scores on previous academic performance - the Australian Tertiary Admission Rank (ATAR), the Undergraduate Medicine and Health Sciences Admission Test (UMAT), Multiple-Mini Interview (MMI) and the Personal Qualities Assessment (PQA) with student performance in first-year assessments of Multiple Choice Questions, Short Answer Questions, Objective Structured Clinical Examinations (OSCE) and Problem-Based Learning (PBL) Tutor ratings in four cohorts of students (N = 604, 90%). Results: All four selection tools were found to have significant predictive associations with one or more measures of student performance in Year One of undergraduate medicine. UMAT, ATAR and MMI scores consistently predicted first year performance on a number of outcomes. ATAR was the only selection tool to predict the likelihood of making satisfactory progress overall. Conclusions: All four selection tools play a contributing role in predicting academic performance in first year medical students. Further research is required to assess the validity of selection tools in predicting performance in the later years of medicine.
Big Room concept in project management and control

Especially after the 1980s, computer-aided design programs paved the way for the implementation of unusual forms and building structures in the construction industry. This situation has increased the necessity of process management and the development of existing systems in the field of construction project management has become a necessity. As a result of these developments, the concept of integrated project delivery (IPD), which aims to increase the coordination, cooperation, and communication among the team members of different disciplines, has emerged. In addition to the coordinated work of the design team; project stakeholders such as customers, contractors, and subcontractors are also directly involved in the process. In such large-scale projects, the concept of the Great Chamber, an integrated project delivery system, emerged as a collaboration platform in project management. As a result of the search for process management, the Big Room concept, which aims to increase the coordination, cooperation and communication among the team members of different disciplines, is a physical space organization that uses technology but has central human and human relations. Big Room is a design and coordination office located on the construction sites. In this office, all stakeholders are involved early on and are directly involved in the management and control of a project. Team members work together to improve team performance, interact and accelerate decisionmaking and reduce project costs for better communication. In this study, it is aimed to introduce, search and determine the advantages of Big Room concept which is used in many big projects in the world by searching literature.
Falla hepática aguda sobre crónica

La falla hepatica aguda sobre cronica (ACLF, del ingles Acuteon Chronic Liver Failure) comprende el deterioro agudo de la funcion hepatica en un paciente que tiene de base una enfermedad hepatica cronica de novo o conocida y desencadenada por diferentes factores precipitantes que pueden ser hepaticos o extrahepaticos. Dentro de las manifestaciones clinicas se encuentran: disfuncion renal, encefalopatia hepatica y falla orga- nica multisistemica, que de no ser tratadas oportunamente se traducen en mal pronostico. Se han utilizado varias puntuaciones para valorar la funcion hepatica y el pronostico de los pacientes. A pesar de que la falla organica multisistemica es una contraindicacion para el trasplante hepatico, este sigue siendo la mejor opcion de tratamiento para estos pacientes.
Cystic lesions of the lung in children: classification and controversies

separate from the lung. Extralobar sequestrations are also nonaerated lesions separate from the lung and occasionally found within or beneath the diaphragm. Intralobar sequestrations are usually acquired lesions (through infection), and may display air- or ﬂuid-ﬁlledcysts,representingre-epithelialisedpost-infectiousabscesses.Finally,oneofthemostcommonpulmonarylesionsininfantsandchildren,infantilelobaremphysema,isnotcysticbutsimplytheoverinﬂationofasegmentoflung.
Prenatal cannabis exposure and childhood outcomes: Results from the ABCD study

In light of increasing cannabis use among pregnant women, the Surgeon General of the United States issued an advisory against the use of marijuana during pregnancy on August 29th, 2019.To determine whether cannabis use during pregnancy is associated with adverse outcomes among offspring.Cross-sectional analysis of the baseline session of the ongoing longitudinal Adolescent Brain and Cognitive Development (ABCD) study.Data were collected from 22 sites across the United States between 2016 and 2018.Children ages 9-11 (n=11,489) and their parent or caregiver.Prenatal marijuana exposure prior to and following maternal knowledge of pregnancy.Child psychopathology symptomatology (i.e., psychotic-like experiences and internalizing, externalizing, attention, thought, and social problems), cognition, sleep, birth weight, gestational age at birth, body mass index (BMI), and brain structure (i.e., total intracranial volume, white matter volume, gray matter volume). Covariates included familial (e.g., income, familial psychopathology), pregnancy (e.g., prenatal vitamin use, whether the pregnancy was planned), and child (e.g., birth weight, substance use) variables.Among 11,489 children (age 9.9±0.6 years; 47.78% female), 655 (5.70%) were prenatally exposed to cannabis in total. Marijuana use prior to (n=648; 5.64%) and following (n=242; 2.11%) maternal knowledge of pregnancy were associated with increased offspring psychopathology characteristics (i.e., psychotic-like experiences and internalizing, externalizing, attention, thought, social, and sleep problems) and BMI as well as reduced cognition, birth weight, and brain structure (i.e., total white and gray mater volumes; all psfdr<.007), but not gestational age at birth. Exposure following maternal knowledge of pregnancy remained significantly associated with psychopathology, cognition, and birth weight outcomes when including potentially confounding variables (all ps<0.046). All associations with exposure prior to maternal knowledge of pregnancy were nonsignificant when considering potentially confounding variables (all ps>0.06). Prenatal cannabis exposure, and its correlated factors, may increase risk for psychopathology and reduced cognition during middle childhood as well as reduced birthweight. Consistent with recent recommendations by the Surgeon General, marijuana use during pregnancy should be discouraged.