Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Immune activity during progression of human colorectal cancer

Colorectal cancer (CRC) patients survive and stay free of disease for longer after surgery if their primary tumours were infiltrated with an increased density of T cells. Studies of breast tumours and melanoma have also shown that the presence of specialised blood vessels named high endothelial venules (HEVs), within tumours are associated with a high density of infiltrating T cells and a positive prognosis. It is therefore possible, that presence of HEVs within CRC is associated with a high density of infiltrating T cells and a good patient outcome. To test this hypothesis, primary tumours, resected from sixty-two CRC patients were analysed for the presence of HEVs. These were studied with respect to the numbers and distribution of intra-tumoural T cells as well as tumour stage and patient survival. The results showed that HEV developed in response to CRC but were found within the extra-tumoural area and not the tumour mass. HEVs were also always present within a concentration of T and B cells, namely lymphoid aggregates which resemble ectopic lymphoid structures (ELS). These ELS were associated with more advanced disease and hence did not necessarily identify patients with a better prognosis. Recent studies have suggested that the type of T cells infiltrating the tumours is a determinant for patient outcome indicating that not all T cells confer benefit. IL-17A producing T cells are thought to drive CRC development. Moreover, our laboratory has previously shown that detection of a CEA (Carcinoembryonic antigen)-specific T cell response by in vitro secretion of IFN-γ is associated with tumour recurrence whereas the opposite is true for the 5T4 tumour antigen. This study therefore set out to determine whether IL-17A producing T cells are present at higher frequencies in CRC compared to normal bowel and whether IL-17Aproducing T cells are CEA-specific. The experiments revealed that IL-17A-producing T cells are present at a higher frequency within CRCs, but the prevalence of Th17 responses specific for 5T4 was slightly higher than for CEA, implying that IL-17A secretion by CEA-specific T cells was not responsible for the tumour recurrence. Tumours from CEA-responsive patients were less immunogenic than those from CEA non-responsive patients reflecting the aggressiveness of the tumour.
Thermal Management of Li-Ion Batteries With Single-Phase Liquid Immersion Cooling

Development of effective thermal management techniques is essential in enabling further technical advances and wide public acceptance of lithium-ion based battery electrical storage. Both stationary battery arrays and electric vehicle (EV) batteries are pressed to enable charging and discharging at faster C rates, increased amp-hour capacity, longer service life and increased safety. All of these are dependent on more efficient and safer thermal management solutions. Traditional air cooling and indirect liquid cooling (cold plate) methods have limitations in effectiveness and weight. Engineered Fluids has recently completed a series of experiments demonstrating the high efficiency of Single-phase Liquid Immersion Cooling (SLIC) technology for the thermal management of Li-ion batteries. This article reviews the results of these experiments and discusses some of the issues and solutions for battery thermal management, and outlines the proper design of battery thermal management systems. We will discuss such topics as active cooling versus passive cooling, liquid cooling versus air cooling, cooling and heating versus cooling only systems, and relative needs of thermal management for VRLA, NiMH, and Li-Ion batteries.
Antimicrobials Induced hyponatremia in elderly patients

Nitrofurantoin is effective on microorganisms in a very low inhibitory concentration reaching 32 μg/ml or less. Ninety percent reach circulation unchanged, and forty percent excreted in urine. Its blood concentration reaches a peak after an oral dose of 100 mg, it has poor tissue penetration, and is rapidly metabolized by the liver. However, its high concentration in urine only one quart excreted unchanged in the urine. Based on data from experimental studies, the urinary excretion is a mixture of glomerular filtration and tubular secretion. In fact, high urine pH inhibits the overall tubular re-absorption and maintain nitrofurantoin concentration in urine.1 In addition, nitrofurantoin inhibitory activity increases dramatically when pH rises above 6. Its bacteriostatic activity is against wide variety of organisms at a low concentration reaching 32 ug/ml, it is bactericide in a concentration above 100 ug/ml.2 E. coli rare to acquired resistance to nitrofurantoin, it may be due to inhibition of nitrofurantoin reductase either chromosomal or plasmid-mediated.3 It is not preferred to be utilized in advanced chronic kidney disease starting from stage 3B due to two facts: first, low sub-therapeutic concentration in urine, and second, due to critical accumulation of metabolites in blood leading to numerous side effects.4–5 Those severe side effects are more prone in elderly patients. Thus, it is not recommended to give it for the elderly population as per the American Geriatrics Society 2019 Updated Beers Criteria for Potentially Inappropriate Medication Use in Older Adults. Side effects can be serious in case of glutathione instability, so it is contra-indicated in conditions with immature enzyme stability as in 3rd trimester pregnant women, infants up to one month, and patients with glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency because of risk of intravascular hemolysis resulting in anemia. In elderly patient, it induced hyponatremia. Co-trimoxazole
A comprehensive assessment of laser welding of biomedical devices and implant materials: recent research, development and applications

Abstract This review comprehensively covers the research accomplished in the field of laser welding of biomedical devices and implant materials. Laser welding technology in the recent past has been envisaged for numerous biomedical applications encompassing the reconstruction, fabrication, joining and sealing of the implanted biomaterials. It is the most studied and an increasingly applied manufacturing technology that garners the distinct advantages of smaller beam diameters leading to minimal thermal cycles that reduce the size of heat affected zone and instigate microstructural refinement. This paper presents a detailed critical review of similar and dissimilar welding of titanium alloys, cobalt-chromium alloys, steel, bulk metallic glasses and polymer-based biomaterials. Mechanical properties of the welded joints such as fatigue load, tensile and flexural strength, elongation, hardness and modulus of elasticity are discussed. The effect of laser processing parameters on microstructural features and the corresponding metallurgical defects encountered such as cracks, porosities, voids or the loss of alloying elements are reviewed. Furthermore, the corrosion behavior, cytotoxicity and biocompatibility of the welded implants in the simulated mediums are discussed. Furthermore, this article also summarizes the present-day applications associated with implant materials and is aimed at the further involvement of the laser precision technology in producing materials and joints with desired biomechanical characteristics. Lastly, the current research gaps on the role of laser welding of implants and the anticipated emerging fronts are summarized.
Producto y Dirección de Operaciones

Producto y Dirección de Operaciones http://hdl.handle. net/10251/137437 ROGLE UPV PRODUCTO Y DIRECCIÓN DE OPERACIONES Contenido Producto y Dirección de Operaciones . 1 Introducción . 1 Ciclo de Vida de Producto . 3 Las fases en el diseño de productos . 5 Generación de Ideas . 5 La viabilidad económica y la factibilidad técnica . 6 Fases en el diseño de Producto . 7 Prototipado rápido y diseño de producto . 8 Diseño de detalle . 9 Industrialización . 9 Conceptos y herrramientas . 10 Estandarización y modularidad . 10 Algunas herramientas . 10 Aseguramiento de calidad en el diseño de producto . 11 Estructura del Producto . 11 Listas de Materiales . 13 Envase y Embalaje. 14 Bibliografia . 16
Rotator cuff tears: is non-surgical management effective?

Background: Rotator cuff-related shoulder pain is a common musculoskeletal complaint with an increasing number of people with shoulder pain undergoing surgical repair each year. The relationship between rotator cuff tendon tears and shoulder pain remains equivocal due to the high prevalence of tears in people without symptoms, which suggests that a proportion of people will undergo surgery on tissues not related to their symptoms. As a result there have been suggestions to initially manage atraumatic tears non-surgically. Objectives: The objective of this narrative review was to present current evidence regarding the assessment and management of full-thickness rotator cuff tears. Major findings: To date, three randomised controlled trials have compared surgical with non-surgical management of rotator cuff tears. Outcomes show a small but non-significant effect in favour of surgery. Only one study has looked at long-term outcomes of greater than one year. Overall 129 subjects have completed a course of non-surgical management and therefore low participant numbers may not be sufficient to draw firm conclusions. Conclusions: Current evidence currently supports the consideration of a non-surgical approach in the management of people with shoulder symptoms and identified rotator cuff tears, for a period of time.
Using Technology Acceptance Model to Predict Lecturers’ Acceptance of Moodle: Case of Botswana University of Agriculture and Natural Resources

The use of technology to enhance learning is regarded as significant among educational institutions due to continuous improvements of the Internet and other communication technologies. The Botswana University of Agriculture and Natural Resources (BUAN), like many other academic institutions, is undergoing reforms in its education processes in response to these technological effects on higher education. One such reform is an attempt at introducing e-learning and learning management systems. The purpose of this study was to subject BUAN lecturers to the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM), a well-established theoretical model, to predict their acceptance level of Moodle. A quantitative research approach was used to conduct the survey with a questionnaire used to collect required data from 50 BUAN lecturers who volunteered to participate. The results revealed that participants perceived Moodle easy to use hence consider that it will be useful in their working environment. This study confirmed TAM to be a useful theoretical model in helping to understand and explain behavioural intention to use Moodle. As has been widely argued in literature that TAM is effective in predicting the acceptance of technology, the results of this study demonstrated that TAM is effective in predicting the possibility of acceptance of Moodle by BUAN lecturers. The researchers argue that, based on the results from this study, Moodle should be fully implemented at BUAN in order to facilitate the teaching and learning process.
Quantifying Differences in Health Care Consumption for the Management of Multiple Sclerosis Within Privately and Publicly Insured Health Care Programs

BACKGROUND: Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic and debilitating disease of the central nervous system that affects more than 570,000 persons in the United States and 2.3 million worldwide. Since most individuals experience initial symptoms between the ages of 20 and 40 years, MS can have a significant effect on health care consumption, quality of life, productivity, and employment over the long-term disease course. Opportunities exist to better understand how benefit design and other nonclinical factors can affect health care delivery and associated costs. OBJECTIVE: To observe and report variances in health care consumed for the treatment of MS in patients enrolled in privately (commercial) and publicly (Medicaid) funded health insurance programs. METHODS: In a retrospective analysis using Havas Gemini’s proprietary MS Benchmarks Disease-Modeling Process and IMS LifeLink Health Plan Claims and Longitudinal Prescriptions databases, integrated medical and pharmacy claims data were analyzed to select patients with a diagnosis of MS during the 2012 calendar year. Comorbidities were determined using ICD-9-CM codes present on medical claims. Prescription drug use was evaluated by pharmacy claims and drug-specific billing codes. RESULTS: 19,984 patients with MS were identified—18,269 from commercial payers and 1,715 from Medicaid. Although total annual costs related to the care of MS for the groups reflected a relatively small difference ($31,107 commercial; $33,344 Medicaid), costs associated with specific service categories varied greatly. Pharmacy costs were considerably less in the Medicaid group; however, inpatient and emergency room costs were as much as 5 times higher. Overall use of disease-modifying treatments (DMTs) in the Medicaid group was seen in 32.5% of patients and 52.1% in the commercial patient group. Thus, lower pharmacy costs in the Medicaid group were possibly related to lesser use of DMTs among that group of patients. CONCLUSIONS: This analysis illustrates that notable variances exist in consumption of health care resources between patients enrolled in privately and publicly funded health care programs. These variances may have additional implications relating to outcomes specific to MS.
LITE-1 Dependent X-Ray Sensitivity in C. elegans

We report the finding that C. elegans display X-ray avoidance behavior at high but well tolerated doses, and that this behavior appears to require LITE-1, a gustatory receptor that has been implicated in UV avoidance behavior. We recorded acute behavioral responses of wildtype worms to increasing intensities of X-ray stimulation and found a positive stimulation-response relationship. Mutant strains of worms with dysfunctional photoreceptor proteins LITE-1 and GUR-3 were assayed, and the X-ray avoidance response was found to be nearly absent in LITE-1 mutants but not GUR-3 mutants, suggesting a prominent role for LITE-1 in the detection of X-rays. These findings may be important for developing optogenetics tools to stimulate cells in deep tissue using X-rays, for understanding the mechanism of LITE-1 signaling, and for understanding how organisms may respond to radiation.
Spatial Evaluation and Assimilation of SMAP, SMOS, and ASCAT Satellite Soil Moisture Products Over Africa Using Statistical Techniques

The limited number of in situ stations of surface soil moisture (SM) in Africa creates a shortage in the validation of SM satellite products. Therefore, this study investigates the performance of Soil Moisture Active Passive (SMAP), Soil Moisture and Ocean Salinity (SMOS), and the H113 product from the Advanced Scatterometer (ASCAT) on the regional scale over Africa through these goals: (1) validate of satellite SM products against in situ stations and SM data from the ERA‐Interim atmospheric reanalysis product, (2) study the spatiotemporal variability of satellite SM products on the regional scale, and (3) evaluate the regional scale error patterns and investigate regions where the assimilation of satellites SM data may add improvement to ERA‐Interim. Standard statistical metrics, hovmöller diagrams, and the Triple Collocation (TC) model were used to achieve these goals. Land cover data, Normalized Difference Vegetation Index, and precipitation data were used to interpret results. The validation results based on statistical metrics and TC indicate that over the desert and shrub, passive products showed better performance than ASCAT, while over moderate vegetation areas (grassland), SMAP had the best among SM products. Over high densely vegetated regions, ASCAT showed a high comparatively performance than passive products. The potential regions for assimilation of satellite data sets were selected to be over savannas and grassland regions for ASCAT, and over shrub and grassland regions for SMAP. In particular, SMAP and ASCAT SM data sets are considered more stable than SMOS for data assimilation and capturing the spatial distribution of SM on the regional scale over Africa.
Kristal Elma Yaratıcılık Festivalinde (1988-2018) Cam Tavan Olgusu: Kadın Jüri Üyesi Oranlarına Dair Bir İnceleme

Toplumsal cinsiyete dayali esitsizliklerin ve cinsiyetci rollerin is yasamindaki varligi kadin calisanlarin meslek sahibi olabilecegi alanlari etkilemektedir. Erkeklerin geleneksel olarak daha fazla yer aldigi mesleklerde kadinlarin karsilastiklari zorluklar akademik literaturde cesitli kapsamlarda incelenmistir. Toplumsal cinsiyeti ideolojik bir guc olarak dusundugumuzde, calisma yasaminda karsilasilan toplumsal cinsiyet esitsizlikleri, kalip davranislar ve cinsiyetci roller kadinlarin ataerkil sistemdeki ikincil konumunun gostergeleri olarak ele alinabilir. Reklam sektoru hem ulusal hem uluslararasi duzeyde kadinlarin rahatlikla yer alabildigi bir alan olarak gorunmesine ragmen, bu yaratici sektorde de cinsiyet ayrimi gozlemlenmektedir. Hem dikey hem yatay ayrismanin goruldugu reklamcilik sektorunde kadinlarin, ozellikle yaratici karar alma pozisyonlarinda yaygin ve kuresel olarak yeterince temsil edilmemesi, reklam ajanslarinda yasanan problemli konulardan biridir. Uluslararasi reklam ajanslarinin yogunlukta oldugu Turkiye’de reklamcilik sektoru hakkinda cinsiyet esitligi odakli calismalara ihtiyac duyulmaktadir. Dolayisiyla kadinlarin reklamcilik alanindaki karar alma pozisyonlarinin incelenmesi onemlidir. Bu calismanin amaci kadinlarin reklam yaraticiligi alanindaki karar alma mekanizmalarindan biri olan yarisma jurilerine katilimlarini incelemek ve reklamcilik sektorundeki cinsiyet esitsizligini ortaya koyarak uygulamaya yonelik bu sorunun cozumune katkida bulunmaktir. Bu calismada Turkiye’nin ilk, en uzun sureli ve en onemli reklam yaraticiligi yarismasi olan Kristal Elma Yaraticilik Festivali’nin secici kurullarindaki kadinlarin temsil oranlari incelenmistir. 1988 yilindan 2018 yilina kadar 30 yildir toplanan Kristal Elma Yaraticilik Odulleri Secici Kurullarindaki kadin oranlari incelendiginde jurilerin erkek-egemen yapisi goze carpmaktadir.
Patient Empowerment and Analytics

The healthcare system is focusing more on patient empowerment leading to patients with active health management. In this process, although some mechanisms exist, there is a need for patient empowerment to move to a new realm where the empowerment process is activated remotely from the patient's side. With the increasing importance of Internet and e-health, it is believed that patient empowerment can be facilitated in the online setting and can be more effective than traditional face-to-face setting. Facilitating patient empowerment online also paves way to data analytics as various online activities can be tracked and the emerging analytic techniques can be utilized to gain insight into the data. This chapter provides knowledge on patient empowerment, data analytics, and their relationship including the role of patient empowerment in data analytics.
Effects of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi on photosynthesis, ion balance of tomato plants under saline-alkali soil condition

Abstract Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) affect plant metabolism in different ways and help plants resist stress. In this study, AMF were added into substrate to cultivate mycorrhizal seedlings of processing tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.). These mycorrhizal seedlings were then transplanted into moderate saline-alkali soil and the physiological aspects of AMF in reducing the harm from saline-alkali soil were studied. The results show that saline-alkali soil inhibited plant growth. With the addition of AMF to the substrate, the tomato plants and AMF formed a symbiotic relationship that significantly improved the growth of plants and increased the concentration of soluble solids, vitamin C (VC), soluble sugar and lycopene in the fruit. AMF promoted tomato plants absorption of nitrogen (N) and reduced the absorption of Na+. AMF restricted the transport of Na+ from roots to shoots in plants, which increased K+/Na+, Ca2+/Na+, and Mg2+/Na+ in leaves and stems, in addition to protecting the photosynthetic organs from damage. AMF also increased the chlorophyll concentration, net photosynthetic rate (Pn), stomatal conductance (Gs) and transpiration rate (Tr) of plants. The addition of AMF also optimized the microbial community structure in the plant rhizosphere by increasing the density of bacteria and actinomycetes and reducing the density of fungi. On the other hand, AMF also enabled the tomato plants to accumulate more soluble sugars and proline and alleviated oxidative damage to plant leaves under saline-alkali stress. AMF promoted plant growth and reduced the harm to plants from saline-alkali soil by optimizing the physiological processes of tomato plants under saline-alkali stress. AbbreviationsAMF arbuscular mycorrhizal fungiVC vitamin CMDA malondialdehydePn net photosynthetic rateCi intercellular carbon dioxide concentrationGs stomatal conductanceTr transpiration rateN nitrogenP phosphorusK potassium
SPPBPS: A Secure Privacy-Preservation Bilinear Pairing Scheme for Bitcoin Cryptocurrency

Despite the existing advances on research and education in cybersecurity and its applications, the field is still under discovery and new technologies are evolving. In recent years, Bitcoin as a cryptocurrency cyber application that records all financial transactions present on a blockchain where users can reach a secure and robust consensus on transactions emerges as the most popular peer-to-peer electronic payment system. Cryptocurrencies mostly rely on blockchain, as a secure decentralised append-only ledger to exchange digital currencies, and thereby attracting a billion-dollar economy. Bitcoin allows input transactions to link addresses and this can be used by an adversary to reveal real user identity. This obviously attracts privacy issues such as user’s information and identity leakage. Several existing techniques are found not satisfactory to fulfil practical and compatible anonymity requirements for users and their transaction. We present in this paper, a secure privacy-preservation scheme based on bilinear pairing and other cryptographic primitives. We proved that our proposed scheme is robust and can be implemented to preserve users and transaction privacy in the Bitcoin system by theoretical analysis and evaluation.
Modeling Electrical Motor Dynamics Using Encoder-Decoder with Recurrent Skip Connection

Electrical motors are the most important source of mechanical energy in the industrial world. Their modeling traditionally relies on a physics-based approach, which aims at taking their complex internal dynamics into account. In this paper, we explore the feasibility of modeling the dynamics of an electrical motor by following a data-driven approach, which uses only its inputs and outputs and does not make any assumption on its internal behaviour. We propose a novel encoder-decoder architecture which benefits from recurrent skip connections. We also propose a novel loss function that takes into account the complexity of electrical motor quantities and helps in avoiding model bias. We show that the proposed architecture can achieve a good learning performance on our high-frequency high-variance datasets. Two datasets are considered: the first one is generated using a simulator based on the physics of an induction motor and the second one is recorded from an industrial electrical motor. We benchmark our solution using variants of traditional neural networks like feedforward, convolutional, and recurrent networks. We evaluate various design choices of our architecture and compare it to the baselines. We show the domain adaptation capability of our model to learn dynamics just from simulated data by testing it on the raw sensor data. We finally show the effect of signal complexity on the proposed method ability to model temporal dynamics.