Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Stress response and state of cognitive functions in the perioperative period in elderly patients during laparoscopic cholecystectomy

The aim. To investigate the dynamics of stress markers and the state of cognitive functions in the perioperative period during laparoscopic cholecystectomy in elderly patients. Materials and methods. We examined 84 patients aged 68.1±0.6 years, with diagnosed gallstone disease, acute cholecystitis, who underwent laparoscopic cholecystectomy. Patients were randomized into 2 groups: Group I – inhalation anesthesia based on sevoflurane with mechanical ventilation; Group II – TBA based on propofol with mechanical ventilation. Hemodynamic parameters, dynamics of stress markers (cortisol, insulin, glucose) and cognitive function were investigated. Results. Glucose and insulin levels in both groups remained within normal limits at all stages of the study. The baseline cortisol level was higher than normal in both groups, but at 4, 5, 6 stages of the study decreased significantly compared with baseline values (p<0.001). In the study of cognitive functions by the Luria test and the MMSE scale, a significant decrease was found in both groups on the day after surgery. According to the Luria test, the score in group I significantly decreased the day after surgery against the period before premedication by 8.7 % (p<0.001), in group II – by 10.1 % (p<0.001); according to the MMSE scale, the score in group I significantly decreased on the day after surgery against the period before premedication by 6.0 % (p<0.001), in group II – by 6.3 % (p<0.001). On the fifth postoperative day, no significant differences in baseline values between the Luria test and the MMSE scale were detected. Conclusions. The comparative analysis of the dynamics of stress marker levels in both groups revealed some advantages of general sevoflurane-based anesthesia in antistress protection of patients in the perioperative period during laparoscopic cholecystectomy compared with total intravenous anesthesia based on propofol. However, the effectiveness of anti-stress protection of both types of anesthesia was sufficient. According to the correlation analysis, an inverse correlation was found between the state of cognitive functions in the postoperative period and the level of cortisol in the intraoperative period
HOW PATH GOAL THEORY ENHANCE VILLAGE ADMINISTRATOR PRODUCTIVITY IN INDONESIA COLLECTIVE CULTURE

Aim of this research is to examine the effect of the head of village path goal leadership styles toward village administrator productivity. The object of the research are 100 village administrator from 10 different village recruited with some requirement . Results show leadership styles explained only 9% of the variance in perceived level of productivity. Achievement-oriented leadership style most significantly improved village administrator productivity in Javanese, Indonesia collective culture.
Effect of a complex prebiotic preparation on the preservation, growth intensity and microflora in rabbits intestine

We presented the effect of prebiotic "Bio-active" on preservation, increase of the body weight, the microflora composition in the distal small intestine, histological examination of the intestinal wall and liver of rabbits gray giant breed 45 days aged. Prebiotic "Bio-active" contains products of metabolism of lactic acid bacteria Lactobacillus bulgaricus delbrueckii adsorbed on zeolite. Our results proved the safety of this prebiotic for the rabbits. Optimal scheme for oral administration of the prebiotic was 2.0 g per 1 kg of body weight for 30 days. Such a course provided 95% of animal preservation and increase in the weight gain of the experimental animals, an average of 43.1% compared with the non-treated rabbits. In scarifies of distal intestine in 20% of animals that received the prebiotic and in 100% of those who did not receive it, Bacteria of Proteus genus have been detected. After the course of prebiotic we registered an increased number of Enterobacteriaceae (4.5–6.0 × 108 CFU) and Bifidobacteria (8 × 107–108 CFU) in rabbits’ intestines. We also mentioned the enhanced gram-positive/gram-negative ratio with a predominance of gram-positive (1:1.17 against 1:2.9 in control group). In case of prebiotic usage, the stimulation of goblet cells’ development was determined in the small intestine walls. Almost 100% of rabbits, who did not receive the prebiotic, had dystrophic changes in hepatocytes (74.5 % of the animals had fatty hepato-dystrophy and 25 % had protein granular dystrophy). We registered that only 25% of the animals had fatty hepato-dystrophy and 15% had protein granular dystrophy among those, which received the preparation.
Forecasting EGX30 index time series using vector autoregressive models VARS

Time series analysis is considered one of the most important analysis processes at the present time, especially if it is a multivariate analysis. This analysis helps the decision maker in making his future decision based on the behavior of a phenomenon in the past. This is done for many economic, financial, engineering, medical, and other important fields. So we were keen in this article to address a multivariate time series using the vector autoregressive models analysis of the practical time series This analysis is also used in the process of forecasting the future of multiple time series. Three packages from the R program, are used for numerical analysis these data, that are "vars", "MTS(VAR)", and "forecast" packages. For these data ARIMA (0,1,0) model is the best model for non-stationary time series, but the best model is ARIMA(0,0,0) with zero mean for stationary time series. VAR(1) model is better than VAR(2) model for analyzing the data. Also, VAR(1) model is better than VAR(2) model for identifying the Lags order. Comparing between VAR(p) and VARS(p), we found that the VAR(p) model order is better than the VARS(p) model order for identifying lag order. The significance predictor time series is Institutional investor, the other predictors are non-significance. No serial correlation in error terms. The Institutional investor and Trade values time series are useful for forecasting other time series. Only the Exchange rate time series has instantaneous causality between it and other time series. Finally, A five forecasts values of all stationary time series, using VARS(1) models, are predicted.
Online Teaching – Another Battle against COVID-19 in Goa

Education has been one of the seriously affected areas in the wake of the COVID 19 pandemic. The universal paradigm shift from the prevailing dominant traditional pattern of classroom instruction, to the digital mode of teaching, was aimed at maintaining continuity in the learning process of the students. However, training teachers to use the various e-resources and digital platforms for the online mode of teaching within a short period was a massive challenge for the government and the educational institutions. This study tried to find the relationship between the Digital Literacy of teachers, the Training Programme for the Online Mode of Teaching provided by the Department of Education, and the Implementation of the Online Mode of Teaching in Goa. The sample consisted of 532 school teachers from all over Goa, the majority of them teaching Std. V to X. A 5-point Likert Scale questionnaire, standardised using Cronbach’s Alpha was administered through Google Forms and the data collected was analysed using descriptive statistics, correlational analysis, and the Pearson Correlation Coefficient using SPSS 26. The analysis shows a weak negative correlation between the Digital Literacy of the school teachers and the Training Programme for online teaching. There is also a weak negative correlation between Digital Literacy and the Implementation of the Online Mode of Teaching. A positive correlation is observed between the Online Training Programme and the Implementation of the Online Mode of Teaching.
How Emerging Market Resource-poor Firms Compete and Outcompete Advanced Country Resource-Rich Rivals

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to comment on Professor Ming-Jer Chen’s recent publication titled “Competitive dynamics: Eastern roots, Western growth” and present an asymmetry reversing perspective on the competitive dynamics between two nonobvious, invisible or indirect competitors, namely, how emerging market resource-poor firms compete and outcompete advanced country resource-rich rivals. Design/methodology/approach – The author first identifies an important neglect in Professor Chen’s scholarship on competitive dynamics, i.e., the neglect of the ubiquity of the less visible competition between two actors who initially would not be considered as competitors. Then, the author proposes an asymmetry reversing theory (ART) of competitive dynamics to redress this neglect. The theory is presented in two parts. The first part describes the competitive dynamics between the two actors as a three-stage process of reversing the asymmetry in resource possession and market position between the resource-poor firm and its resource-rich rivals. The second part explains the key success factors for the resource-poor firm to go through each of the three stages. Findings – The growth process of the resource-poor firm can be broadly divided into three stages: surviving, catching-up, and outcompeting. For ambitious yet pragmatic resource-poor firms, in the surviving stage, they often (have to) accept the asymmetry between themselves and their resource-rich rivals in terms of resource possession and market position, and try to avoid any direct competition with the strong incumbents. They often tactically appear to pursue different paths of development from those of the strong incumbents by focusing on particular product categories and market segments. Doing so allows the resource-poor firms to win times and spaces for non-interrupted growth. Once they have accumulated sufficient resources and market experiences, they start to reduce the asymmetry between themselves and their better-endowed rivals by entering the similar or same product categories and market segments. To effectively catch up and outcompete the incumbents, they often differentiate themselves from their rivals by offering cheaper products or services, adding new features to their products, providing extra services to their customers, inventing new business models, etc. Research limitations/implications – One limitation of this paper is that the ART framework has so far been built on anecdotal evidences. It needs to be tested by empirical studies and refined further in the future. Another limitation is that the proposed theory is based on competitive dynamics between emerging market resource-poor firms and advanced country resource-rich firms. It needs to be tested whether this theory has applicability to any other firms. Originality/value – This paper fills an important research gap in the competitive dynamics literature by proposing an asymmetry reversing theory of competitive dynamics between a weak latecomer and a strong incumbent in a competitive field.
Treating Root Causes, not Symptoms: Regulating Problems of Surveillance and Personal Targeting in the Information Technology Industries

As part of the Digital Markets Act, the EU Commission has proposed a new competition tool to address market power in the digital economy that is dominated by large online platforms. While limiting the power of US-based tech companies, such as Google or Facebook, can be helpful, we argue that limiting competition is not enough. Business models based on invasion of privacy and behavior modification are at the root of the associated problems stemming from their use are at the root of challenges to democracy and sustainability — in order to protect democracy and support sustainable development, Europe needs to develop alternatives to the current behaviorally targeted advertising business model. This policy brief discusses current alternatives to business models based on invasion of privacy and behavior modification, arguing that current alternatives need further development before implementation. To further support the development of new business models we argue in favor of regulatory sandboxes, digital ad revenue tax, reducing accumulation of data to technical necessity only, and adapting procedures and ethics from human subject’s research.
Probabilistic Type Inference by Optimizing Logical and Natural Constraints (cid:63)

We present a new approach to the type inference problem for dynamic languages. Our goal is to combine logical constraints, that is, deterministic information from a type system, with natural constraints, that is, uncertain statistical information about types learnt from sources like identiﬁer names. To this end, we introduce a framework for probabilistic type inference that combines logic and learning: logical constraints on the types are extracted from the program, and deep learning is applied to predict types from surface-level code properties that are statistically associated. The foremost insight of our method is to constrain the predictions from the learning procedure to respect the logical constraints, which we achieve by relaxing the logical inference problem of type prediction into a continuous optimisation problem. We build a tool called OptTyper to predict missing types for TypeScript ﬁles. OptTyper combines a continuous interpretation of logical constraints derived by classical static analysis of TypeScript code, with natural constraints obtained from a deep learning model, which learns naming conventions for types from a large codebase. By evaluating OptTyper , we show that the combination of logical and natural constraints yields a large improvement in performance over either kind of information individually and achieves a 4% improvement over the state-of-the-art. The full paper of this work is available on arxiv [1].
Influence of Brand Credibility, Satisfaction and Quality on Brand Equity in Non-Conventional Health Industry

Consumer perceptions of quality, satisfaction, and brand credibility are critical ingredients for developing healthy brands with high value in a competitive market. However, few authors have looked into the brand credibility`s intervening role in the effect of quality and satisfaction on brand equity in the nonconventional health industry. Hence, this paper sought to evaluate the mediating role of brand credibility in the effect of quality and satisfaction on brand equity in the non-conventional health industry. A covariancebased structural equation model was the analytical tool employed to evaluate the hypotheses stated in this paper. Data were gathered from 265 customers using a systematic sampling technique. The research confirmed that brand credibility contributes partially to the impact of quality on brand equity and completely to satisfaction on equity in the non-conventional health industry. Accordingly, this paper contributes to expanding the current brand management literature by demonstrating the brand credibility`s intervening role in the path between satisfaction, quality, and equity, particularly in the non-conventional health industry. This paper also adds to the brand manager`s knowledge of how to build and harness credibility, quality, and satisfaction to increase brand equity in the non-conventional health industry.
An Automatic Segmentation of Lung Structure Using Active Contour Model and Fuzzy Clustering Algorithm

The aim of this paper was to develop an active contour model based on a region and a Fuzzy C-Means (FCM) technique for lung nodule segmentation. In the end, the mortality rate is increased by detection and assisted diagnosis of nodules at an earlier stage. Computed tomography (CT) is the most sought after among many imaging modalities because of its image sensitivity, high resolution and isotropic acquisition. The suggested technique focuses on CT image acquisition, lung parenchyma reconstruction and segmentation of lung nodules. Using selective binary and Gaussian filtering with a new signed pressure force function (SBGF-new SPF) and clustering methods for nodule segmentation, parenchyma reconstruction can be used. The benefits of the proposed approach in terms of reduced error rate and improved measure of similarity are demonstrated by comparative experiments.
Insulin-like Growth Factor 2: Beyond its Role in Hippocampal-dependent Memory

Paulina Troncoso-Escudero1,2,3,4, Rene L. Vidal1,2,4* 1Biomedical Neuroscience Institute, Faculty of Medicine, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile 2Center for Geroscience, Brain Health and Metabolism, Santiago, Chile 3Program of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile 4Center for Integrative Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Universidad Mayor, Chile
FACTORS IMPEDING INTERMEDIARIES’ROLE IN URBAN FRESH FRUITS AND VEGETABLES SUPPLY CHAIN IN DAR ES SALAAM, TANZANIA

Despite the critical role played by intermediaries in supply chain and trade, along with various initiatives undertaken to enhance this role, fruits and vegetable traders in Dar es Salaam-Tanzania are still discontented with the intermediaries’ inability to undertake supply chain roles. This paper examined the impediments to intermediaries’ role in urban Fresh Fruits and Vegetables (FFVs) supply chain and recommended strategies for improving the same. Qualitative approach was adopted and data were drawn from a purposive sample of 92 respondents through interviews, focus group discussions and non-participant observation. Accordingly, intermediaries’ role in urban FFVs supply was impeded by poor transportation, inadequate storage facilities, and inability to improve quality and poor marketing services. The study recommends some ways to alleviate the impediments. These include ensuring suitable road infrastructures and fighting corruption among various revenue and traffic police officers; insuring fruits and vegetables during transportation; installation and maintenance of storage facilities and ensuring adequate power supply and modern storage technology. Farmers and intermediaries should be sensitized on utilisation of storage facilities. The inability to value addition should be alleviated through improvement of packaging materials, sensitization of farmers and intermediaries on value and quality addition, introducing reliable storage facilities as well as effective enforcement of quality assurance and standards mechanisms. To improve marketing services, access to farmers should be guaranteed, farmers and intermediaries be sensitized on urban markets as well as ensuring effective and smooth exchange of marketing information among stakeholders. Therefore, impediments to Intermediaries’ role in Urban FFV supply chain in Dar es Salaam can be overcome through improvement in transportation, storage, value addition and quality improvement as well as improving marketing services.
REAL TIME PATH FOLLOW BY ROBOT (NDJEKJA E RRUGËS NE KOHE REALE NGA ROBOTI) Case: industrial cleaner robot (Cleo)

Real time control system is very complicated system and it’s much needed system for us. Nowadays this system of control is being applied in robotics, especially in medical robotics for a surgical operations from distance using robotic arms, which are controlled from computer, and manipulated from doctor (surgeon). In my bachelor thesis, first I have talked in general about robotics and the future of robotics. And applied real time algorithms in industrial cleaner robot so called Cleo, which fulfills my research. Regarding to control algorithms, we have talked about supporting tools as invers, forward kinematics and something about some types of sensors. After supporting tools for control algorithms we have add some of control algorithms in robotics as general topics describing their features, attributes advantages and disadvantages algorithms and methods of robot decision making mechanism, meaning Neural Network, Fuzzy Logic and Genetic Algorithms as main references in our work. Our implementation is focused in Neural Network Algorithm in order to be able to control Cleo in real time, we have designed a neural network algorithm developed it and finally test it.
Quality of care in the management of asthmatic children with regard to compliance with the guidelines in in-ward setting in a district of Sri Lanka: a descriptive study

Introduction: The quality of paediatric asthma management in the in-ward settings has not been assessed in Sri Lanka. Objectives: To describe the quality of care in the management of asthmatic children with regard to compliance with the guidelines Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was carried out in state hospitals with paediatric units in a district of Sri Lanka. A sample of 577 children diagnosed by a consultant paediatrician was selected. Eleven indicators were chosen by modified Delphi technique. Data collection instruments were an interviewer-administered questionnaire and a record sheet. Compliance with guidelines according to 11 indicators was expressed in percentages. Results: The assessment of acute severity was 100%. The use of systemic corticosteroid at first prescription was 88.9% (n=513), whereas it was 69% (n=398) with oral steroid therapy and 54.5% (n=315) with long-term use of steroid inhaler. Assessment of chronic asthma severity was 31.2% (n=180). Caregivers who had received health education on triggering factors of asthma, on what to do during an asthma attack, and how to use the inhaler were 62.0% (n=358), 37.1% (214) and 68.8% (n=217), respectively. All patients have been issued a diagnosis card on discharge and among them, 74.4% (n=429)received a complete discharge summary and 90.6% (n=523) were scheduled for follow up appointments. Conclusions: Assessment of acute severity of asthma and the provision of diagnosis card on discharge were exceptional. Assessment of the severity of chronic asthma and providing health education for caregivers should be improved. Prescribing long term use of a steroid inhaler is to be revised.
Methods for assessing the degree of sphericity of molecules and a study of molecular shapes in the structure of binary inorganic compounds

Several geometric criteria for estimating the degree of deviation of the molecular shape from a perfect sphere have been tested. The most universal molecular-sphericity parameter, which is applicable to molecules of arbitrary composition and explicitly takes into account the shape of a molecule, is the reduced value of the dimensionless normalized second moment of the molecular Voronoi-Dirichlet polyhedron G 3 (mol). Based on 125 crystal structures of binary molecular inorganic compounds, correlations between sphericity parameters and physicochemical factors that influence the shape of a molecule, such as molecular geometry, the strength of intermolecular interactions, specific features of the mutual influence of atoms in a molecule, and thermal polymorphism, have been established.
Growth of mycelium of three ectomycorrhizal macrofungi, Clitocybe geotropa, Tricholoma anatolicum and Lactarius deliciosus, in

A comparative evaluation was conducted to assess the effects of different carbon sources on the mycelial growth of three species of ectomycorrhizal macrofungi; Infundibulicybe geotropa (Bull.) Harmaja, Tricholoma anatolicum H.H. Doğan & Intini and Lactarius deliciosus (L.) Gray. All carbon sources were found to be equally beneficial for mycelial growth. However, sucrose, glucose and arabinose were found to be better carbon source in solid culture for L. deliciosus, T. anatolicum and I. geotropa as the maximum biomass values in the liquid medium at the end of 56 days incubation period and were measured as 66.0, 43.0 and 97.0 mg, respectively.