Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
MRI in patients with conventional pacemakers : feasible ?

License. The full terms of the License are available at http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/. Non-commercial uses of the work are permitted without any further permission from Dove Medical Press Limited, provided the work is properly attributed. Permissions beyond the scope of the License are administered by Dove Medical Press Limited. Information on how to request permission may be found at: http://www.dovepress. com/permissions.php Medical Devices: Evidence and Research 2014:7 115–124 Medical Devices: Evidence and Research Dovepress
Model-free approach to the interpretation of nuclear magnetic resonance relaxation in macromolecules. 1. Theory and range of validity

A new approach to the interpretation of nuclear magnetic resonance relaxation experiments on macromolecules in solution is presented. This paper deals with the theoretical foundations and establishes the range of validity of this approach, and the accompanying paper demonstrates how a wide variety of experimental relaxation data can be successfully analyzed by using this approach. For both isotropic and anisotropic overall motion, it is shown that the unique imformation on fast internal motions contained in relaxation experiments can be completely specified by two model-independent quantities; (1) a generalized order parameter, S, which is a measure of the spatial restriction of the motion, and (2) an effective correlation time, T/sub e/, which is a measure of the rate of motion. A simple expression for the spectral density involving these two parameters is derived and is shown to be exact when the internal (but not overall) motions are in the extreme narrowing limit. The model-free approach (so called because S/sup 2/ and T/sub e/ have model-independent significance) consists of using the above spectral density to least-squares fit relaxation data by treating S/sup 2/ and T/sub e/ as adjustable parameters. The range of validity of this approach is illustrated by analyzing error-free relaxationmore » data generated by using sophisticated dynamical models. Empirical rules are presented that allow one to estimate the of S/sup 2/ and T/sub e/ extracted by using the model-free approach by considering their numerical values, the resonance frequencies, and the parameters for the overall motion. For fast internal motions, it is unnecessary to use approaches based on complicated spectral densities derived within the framework of a model because all models that can give the correct value of S/sup 2/ work equally well. « less
Building an Intelligent Tutoring System: Some Guidelines from a Study of Human Tutors

One reason that intelligent tutoring systems (ITSs) are rarely found outside of the research lab has to do with the guidelines available to developers of these systems. First, some of these guidelines are stated as general, abstract goals such as “adapt to the student. ” What ITS developers need, however, are specific strategies and techniques which can be implemented in an ITS to accomplish those goals. Second, not all of the guidelines have an empirical basis. One solution to both of these problems is to study human tutors. This paper demonstrates this approach, and discusses an empirical study of human tutors which was conducted to address these issues. Specifically, it discusses 1) the knowledge acquisition method which we designed to capture the appropriate empirical data, 2) how we used this method to study human tutors and students in the medical problem-solving domain of immunohematology (blood banking), 3) several guidelines which appeared to drive the tutors' behavior (e.g., “limit the number of interrupts to the student”), and 4) specific tutoring strategies which can be incorporated into an ITS to make its behavior follow these guidelines.
fungi from Nerium oleander L (Apocynaceae): Main constituents and antioxidant activity

A fungal strain Chaetomium sp. showed the strongest antioxidant capacity, contained the highest level of phenolics, and inhibited xanthine oxidase activity. A positive correlation was found between antioxidant capacity and TPC in the tested samples. The major bioactive constituents of the fungal cultures were preliminarily identified as phenolics (e.g. phenolic acids and their derivatives, flavonoids) and volatile and aliphatic compounds by LC-ESI-MS and GC-MS. This study shows that the endophytic fungi associated with N. oleander are a potential bioactive resource. with 0.5 N Folin-Ciocalteu reagent for 4 min at room temperature. Then the reaction was neutralized with saturated sodium carbonate (75 g/l). The absorbance of the resulting blue color was measured at 760 nm with spectrophotometer after incubation in dark for 2 hr at room temperature. Quantification was done on the basis of the standard curve of gallic acid. The results were expressed as gallic acid equivalent (GAE), i.e., mg gallic acid/100 ml culture or g gallic acid/100 g DW. All tests were performed in triplicate. The LC-MS-2010EV system used in this study consisted of a LC-20AD binary pump, a SIL-20AC auto-sampler, a photodiode-array detector, a central controller, and a single quadrupole MS detector with electrospray ionization (ESI) interface (Shimadzu, Japan). The analytical column used was VP-ODS C 18 column (250 × 2.0 mm, 4.6 µm) (Shimadzu, Japan). LC conditions were as follows: solvent A, 0.1% formic acid, and solvent B, MeOH with 0.1% formic acid. A gradient elution used was 0-5 min, 5% B; 5-15 min, 5-30% B; 15-40 min, 30-40% B; 40-60 min, 40-50% B; 60-65 min, 50-55% B; 65-90 min, 55-100% B; 90-95 min, 100% B; 95-96 min, 100-5% B; 96-100 min, 5% B. The flow rate was 0.2 ml/min, injection volume was 5-10 μ l, and detection was at 280 nm. The LC elute was introduced directly into the ESI interface without flow splitting. The scan range of ESI-MS was m/z 160-800. The ESI voltage was 4.5 kV in positive ion mode and 3.5 kV in negative ion mode. A nebulizing gas of 1.5 l/min and a drying gas of 10 l/min were applied for ionization using nitrogen in both cases.
Visual data deblocking using structural layer priors Conference

The blocking artifact frequently appears in compressed realworld images or video sequences, especially coded at low bit rates, which is visually annoying and likely hurts the performance of many computer vision algorithms. A compressed frame can be viewed as the superimposition of an intrinsic layer and an artifact one. Recovering the two layers from such frames seems to be a severely ill-posed problem since the number of unknowns to recover is twice as many as the given measurements. In this paper, we propose a simple and robust method to separate these two layers, which exploits structural layer priors including the gradient sparsity of the intrinsic layer, and the independence of the gradient fields of the two layers. A novel Augmented Lagrangian Multiplier based algorithm is designed to efficiently and effectively solve the recovery problem. Experimental results demonstrate the efficacy of our method.
YEDİGÖLLER (KÜTAHYA) EKOSİSTEMİNDE BİYOLOJİK ÇEŞİTLİLİK VE KİRLİLİK ÜZERİNE BİR ARAŞTIRMA

Yedigoller, Kutahya’nin merkezine 2km uzaklikta, yuruyerek gidilebilecek bir konumdadir. Otrofik ozellige sahiptir. Gol ve cevresinde 42 bitki turu ve 31 omurgali hayvan turunun yayilis gosterdigi tespit edilmistir. Uzerindeki en buyuk tehlike insan baskisidir. Bu ekosistem, Belediye tarafindan 1977 yilindan itibaren “atik depolama sahasi” olarak kullanilmaktadir. Yeralti suyunun resarj ve desarji, su ve besin kaynaklarinin elde edilmesi gibi ekolojik rollerinin yani sira, eglenme ve dinlenme bakimindan da insan icin ayri bir onem tasiyan Yedigoller’deki biyolojik cesitlilik ve insan baskisinin boyutlari ilk defa bu calismada konu edilmistir.
Tax Mandates and Factor Input Use: Theory and Evidence from Italy

This paper investigates theoretically and empirically the consequences of state fiscal mandates for financially distressed regions concerning the use of factor inputs (labor, capital, and energy) in local production processes. I exploit the switch from systematic state bailout of regional deficits to selectively mandated hikes in regions´ own business tax rates that took place in Italy around the mid 2000s, to identify the effects of tax policy on the regional economy. The estimation results reveal that mandated business tax increases stimulate energy use and hamper the employment of human resources in science and technology occupations.
A Neuromuscular Actuation System Model

Recently, both high quality physiological data and human-operator-describing function data of low variability and large dynamic range have become available. These data lead to control engineering descriptions for neuromuscular actuation systems that are compatible with the available data and that provide insight into the overall human control structure (e.g., the types of feedback systems used for various inputs). In this paper, some of these physiological and human-operator data are briefly reviewed, and a simple neuromuscular actuation system model is presented. The physiological data of interest include recent anatomical and physiological data for the muscle spindle and input-output studies of the muscle. These data indicate that simple linear models can describe the basic behavior of these two elements in tracking tasks. This paper contains two key developments: 1) the variation in system parameters as a function of average muscle tension or operating point; and 2) the role of the muscle spindle both as an equalization element and in its effects on muscle tone or average tension. The simplest neuromuscular model suggested by and compatible with the data is one in which muscle spindles provide four functions in one entity: 1) the feedback of limb position; 2) lead/lag series equalization; 3) the source of at least one command signal to the system; and 4) a signal for adjustment of the spindle gain, equalization, and steady-state spindle output which produces the average muscle tension.
Identity Management and Access Control Techniques and Mechanisms for Managing Identity Management and Access Control

In today’s world businesses transactions are increasingly performed online. Transactions include business to consumer transactions as well as business to business transactions also known as B2B in popular vernacular. Pervasive computing nowadays is ubiquitous and this paper will examine options that exist in this arena as well. It explores the concepts of federated entities and describes models of controlling the access to valuable resources. Each model is presented and compared with similar models and approaches. A major issue in controlling access is authentication. The paper takes a detailed look at how secure are the contemporary authentication techniques and mechanisms. It also describes what could be the future in authentication mechanism including biometrics. We are definitely in need of an evolution in this arena. As people start to do more and more online, they are becoming more and more vulnerable. Failing to protect people’s identities and valuable data could have a knock on effect in the ecommerce space, which is a multibillion dollar industry and thus could have huge economic implications.
Methods for the Analysis of Sampled Cohort Data in the Cox Proportional Hazards Model

Methods are provided for regression parameter and cumulative baseline hazard estimation in the Cox proportional hazards model when the cohort is sampled according to a predictable sampling probability law. The key to the methodology is to define counting processes which count joint failure and sampled risk sets occurrences and to derive the appropriate intensities for these counting processes, leading to estimation methods parallel to those for full cohort data. These techniques are illustrated for a number of sampling designs, including three novel designs : counter-matching with additional randomly sampled controls ; quota sampling of controls ; and nested case-control sampling with number of controls dependent on the failure's exposure status. General asymptotic theory is developed for the maximum partial likelihood estimator and cumulative baseline hazard estimator and is used to derive the asymptotic distributions for estimators from a large class of designs.
Anomalous di ! usion of a particle in an aging medium No %

We report new results about the anomalous di! usion of a particle in an aging medium. For each given age, the quasi-stationary particle velocity is governed by a generalized Langevin equation with a frequency-dependent friction coe2cient proportional to |! | −1 at small frequencies, with 0¡ ¡ 2. The aging properties of the medium are encoded in a frequency-dependent e! ective temperature Te2 :(! ). The latter is modelized by a function proportional to |! | at small frequencies, with ¡ 0, thus allowing for the medium to have a density of slow modes proportionally larger than in a thermal bath. Using asymptotic Fourier analysis, we obtain the behaviour at large times of the velocity correlation function and of the mean square displacement. As a result, the anomalous di! usion exponent in the aging medium appears to be linked, not only to as it would be the case in a thermal bath, but also to the exponent characterizing the density of slow modes. c © 2003 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. PACS: 05.40. −a; 02.50. Ey
0 60 60 96 v 2 1 0 Ju l 2 00 6 Ellipsoidal configurations in the de Sitter spacetime

The cosmological constant Λ modifies certain properties of large astrophysical rotating configurations with ellipsoidal geometries, provided the objects are not too compact. Assuming an equilibrium configuration and so using the tensor virial equation with Λ we explore several equilibrium properties of homogeneous rotating ellipsoids. One shows that the bifurcation point, which in the oblate case distinguishes the Maclaurin ellipsoid from the Jacobi ellipsoid, is sensitive to the cosmological constant. Adding to that, the cosmological constant allows triaxial configurations of equilibrium rotating the minor axis as solutions of the virial equations. The significance of the result lies in the fact that minor axis rotation is indeed found in nature. Being impossible for the oblate case, it is permissible for prolate geometries, with Λ zero and positive. For the triaxial case, however, an equilibrium solution is found only for non-zero positive Λ. Finally, we solve the tensor virial equation for the angular velocity and display special effects of the cosmological constant there. PACS numbers: 95.30. Sf, 98.62. Dm, 98.80. Jk, 98.52. Eh, 98.56. Ew Ellipsoidal configurations in the de Sitter spacetime 2
Pseudoalignment for metagenomic and metatranscriptomic read assignment

Author(s): Schaeffer, Lorian | Advisor(s): Pachter, Lior | Abstract: The first step in many metagenomic and metatranscriptomic analysis workflows is assigning high-throughput sequencing reads to specific strains or transcripts, providing the basis for identification and later quantification. However, the high degree of similarity between the sequences of many strains and genes makes it difficult to assign reads at the lowest level of taxonomy, and reads are typically assigned to more general taxonomic levels where they are unambiguous. Recent developments in RNA-Seq analysis have found direct-match k-mer based methods to be extremely accurate and fast when comparing sequenced RNA-Seq reads to transcriptomes. While similar methods have been used in metagenomics before now, none are highly accurate at distinguishing similar strains, and none have been applied to metatranscriptomic data. We explore connections between metagenomic and metatranscriptomic read assignment and the quantification of transcripts from RNA-Seq data to develop novel methods for rapid and accurate quantification of microbiome strains and transcripts.We find that the recent idea of pseudoalignment introduced in the RNA-Seq context is highly applicable in the metagenomics and metatranscriptomics settings as well. When coupled with the Expectation-Maximization (EM) algorithm, reads can be assigned far more accurately and quickly than is currently possible with state of the art software, making it possible and practical for the first time to analyze abundances of individual genomes in metagenomics and metatranscriptomics projects.
From Process Mining to Process Design : a Simulation Model to Reduce Conformance Risk

An operator’s mistakes are frequently attributed to inexperience, which leads to a superficial management of these kinds of ‘accidental’ errors. The weakness of this traditional approach is that it isolates the wrong actions from the general systematic context, overlooking potential learning from error analysis. Modern approaches push organisations to prevent the occurrence of errors and, if necessary, to start recovery operations. The methodology proposed in this paper is aimed precisely at this second type of approach. There is a growing need for systems that show errors or deviations from the desired state of the system, leading operators towards the proper execution of tasks and reducing ‘conformance risk’. This paper presents a methodology and a simulation model of ‘Conformance Risk Aware Design’ in order to support decision-makers in modelling business processes.
Tracking the path of a mobile radioactive source using a wireless sensor network

TRACKING THE PATH OF A MOBILE RADIOACTIVE SOURCE USING A WIRELESS SENSOR NETWORK by Nipa Shah This report describes several experiments used to characterize and test a network of radiation sensors. The purpose of these tests is to assess the feasibility of using these sensors to detect and track radioactive sources in a large field, as in a battlefield or on a military campus. Simulated radiation measurements are used to compare the result of radiation detection accuracy in tracking the moving target and to find its path as early as possible. This is done via changing the number of sensing nodes deployed (deployment density), as well as the models of the detectors. This thesis describes algorithms for both detecting the presence and tracking the position of radioactive sources. It formulates the detection problem as a nonparametric hypothesis-testing problem that is solved by comparing a statistic computed over some window of observation of the data to a threshold value. If this threshold is exceeded then it is decided that a source is present. The tracking results thus found are compared with the actual chosen path within the implemented experiment. Detection delay has been measured while trading off battery consumption and accuracy. TRACKING THE PATH OF A MOBILE RADIOACTIVE SOURCE USING A WIRELESS SENSOR NETWORK
Type I hilltop inflation and the refined swampland criteria

In this paper, I show that type I hilltop inflation under the current observational constaints could have $M_P^2 \frac{V^{\prime\prime}}{V} \sim -\mathcal{O}(10^{-2})$ in the parameter space which is in tension with the refined swampland criteria. On the other hand, $M_P^2 \frac{V^{\prime\prime}}{V} \sim -\mathcal{O}(1)$ can be achieved if type I hilltop inflation on the brane is considered.
Maternal aspartame exposure and impact on offspring health : potential link to insulin resistance ?

Bone healing is a complex, yet well organized process. In some cases, where a bone defect might be caused by trauma, tumor excision, infection or osteoporosis, the defect will not heal properly on its own and interventions to enhance the healing process then become a necessity. Multiple factors regulate bone healing, including growth factors, hormones, cytokines, mechanical stimulation, and aging. One of the most important signalling pathways is Notch. Notch plays a major role in controlling the differentiation of bone mesenchymal stem cells and the formation of new bone. It also controls the formation of osteoclasts and the process of bone resorption. Stem cell transplantation has been proposed for the treatment of bone defects. The cell types used for transplantation included adult stem cells, embryonic stem cells (ESCs) and induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs). Understanding how cell signalling controls stem cell differentiation in the bone healing environment can greatly enhance osteogenic differentiation and improve the overall healing process. In the Rancourt lab, mouse embryonic stem cells have been successfully differentiated to the osteogenic cell lineage. This study aims to investigate the role of Notch signalling inhibition in the osteogenic differentiation of mouse embryonic and induced pluripotent stem cells. Our preliminary data suggests that Notch inhibition greatly enhances the differentiation of both mouse embryonic and induced pluripotent stem cells. 9
CHATTY FEMALES AND QUIET MALES: COMPLEX VOCAL COMMUNICATION IN THE NORTHERN DTELLA, GEHYRA DUBIA

Vocal communication is widely used by vertebrates to transfer complex information to conspecifics. Although most birds, mammals, frogs, and crocodilians communicate vocally, most squamate reptiles are mute and unable to broadcast sound signals. Notable exceptions are gekkonid lizards, in which vocal communication is phylogenetically widespread. We describe the vocal repertoire of a house gecko native to tropical Australia, the Northern Dtella (Gehyra dubia). Male and female Gehyra dubia vocalize at a high frequency range (from 6,000-13,000 Hz, almost above the limits of human hearing), and produce at least five different vocalizations. Both sexes produce single chirp calls more often than more complex call types, suggesting that these serve as broadcast signals. More complex vocalizations (multiple single chirps, multiple double chirps, and triple chirps) are frequently used in the presence of another individual. Multiple single chirp calls appear to be used exclusively by males, whereas the other four calls are made by both sexes. Female geckos vocalized significantly more often than males, both when alone and when paired with a conspecific, especially a male. The calling rates of paired geckos are strongly correlated, suggesting active vocal communication between individuals. The vocal repertoire of G. dubia is among the most complex yet studied among squamate reptiles, and individuals modify calling rates according to sex, body size, and social context. Such complexity in vocal communication may help nocturnal geckos efficiently establish and maintain territories, find mates, and avoid direct conflicts with conspecifics.
Is There Space for Better Planning in a Neoliberal World? Implications for Planning Practice and Theory

Planning’s normative aspirations are open to criticism for their idealism and impracticality in the face of economic forces. The question underlying this article therefore is how far space—conceptual and practical—exists for better planning? The argument uses empirical evidence drawn from an unremarkable planning case not as a source of explanation but to probe how events (and hence planning) might have been different and therefore could be different in the future. What choices were overlooked? What questions might have been asked? What alternative outcomes were possible?