Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
608-612 Aklilu E.pmd

Mycoplasma haemofelis (M. haemofelis) is a gram-negative, epicellular bacteria that infects feline red cells (RBC). The pathogen appears as small blue cocci, rings, or rods on the edges or across the surface of RBCs and often causes haemolytic anemia. However, the epizootiology of M. haemofelis is still poorly understood. So far, there are only a few studies that have been carried out to determine the prevalence of M. haemofelis. Most of the studies were conducted in Europe and other continents and the epidemiology of M. haemofelis in Malaysia, particularly in stray cats have not been reported. In this study, 60 blood samples were collected from stray cats in Kota Bharu and were examined by using thin blood smear and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) methods. This study showed that seven out of the 60 blood samples were positive for M. haemofelis by using PCR. Thus the prevalence rate of M. haemofelis in stray cats in Kota Bharu from this study was 11.7%. However, more studies with larger sample size and diverse sample distribution should be conducted to better understand the occurrence of this pathogen in both housed and stray cats. Moreover, the genetic variability of M. haemofelis infecting domestic and wild animals need to be conducted to verify the relationship among geographic distribution, genetic diversity and the potential threats to animal and human health.
Pragmatics and Poetics

In these ten essays C. demonstrates his method for illuminating a text’s ‘pragmatics’ (i.e. its cultural function in performance) through analysing its internal semantic structures and ‘enunciative positions. ’ C. contrasts his approach with intertextuality (too subjective and selective), genre theory (misguidedly evolutionary), and ‘hypertextuality’ (fails to consider cultural function). These essays apply C. ’s method to shed light on the poetics of his chosen texts (the Homeric Hymns, Hesiod’s Works and Days, Sappho 16, Callimachus’ Hymn to Apollo, the Red Figure Cup of Douris [F2285], Sophocles’ Oedipus Rex, Aristophanes, the Hippocratic text On Airs, Waters and Places, the Derveni Papyrus and Theocritus’ Idyll 1), and to chart his promising and distinctive approach to the interpretation of classical texts in general. The book is divided into three sections: ‘Poems as Performative Discourse in Action’, ‘Gazes of Authority’ and ‘Greek Poetic Authorities’. In Part 1, we see how poems o¶er clues about how they function in the ‘here and now’ of performance. According to C. , the Homeric Hymns are uniμed by their poetic function (rather than by the usual markers of genre). By centring essentially on the notion of song, and through their particular dialogic structure, the Hymns inscribe their own function as petitionary o¶erings of pleasurable song to a divinity in exchange for the fulμlment of a request. By analysing the play of semantic units in the proem and body of Hesiod’s Works and Days, C. argues convincingly that the poem indirectly presents itself as an instance of the ‘straight judgment’ it claims that Zeus provides. In Sappho 16, C. shows how various archaic forms of reasoning move the poem from the realm of μctional to empirical love, e¶ecting a transition to the extradiscursive world and to the poem’s cultural pragmatics. Finally, C. argues that in his Hymn to Apollo Callimachus transforms learned poetry into a religious act. The analyses in Part 2 show us how texts use various mechanisms to stage μgures of their own authoritative relationship to the audience. C. ’s discussion of the Red Figure Cup of Douris, F2285 raises the problem of the irregular writing on the papyrus facing out of the central μgure. The crucial thing about the papyrus (which C. proposes may contain a school exercise) is its ‘shifting out’ of the scene to make an ‘extradiscursive’ reference to the audience (think Manet’s ‘Le Déjeuner sur l’herbe’ – my analogy, not C.’s). In this way the μgure asks for the audience’s cooperation and e¶ects a ‘subtle transfer of authority’. C. ’s two chapters on the use of masks in drama (Oedipus Rex and Aristophanes) argue that masks confer the kind of authority and narrative distance peculiar to an author and thus grant the author a kind of presence in the play. Together with the Oedipus Rex’s preoccupation with sight and emotion, masks help to create tragic e¶ects that question the power of speech and the kind of
The effect of ultraviolet irradiation (UV-C) on chilling injury of cucumbers during cold storage

Pre-storage exposure of cucumbers (Cucumis sativus L. cv. Silor) with ultraviolet irradiation (UV-C) for 3, 5, 10 or 15 min reduced chilling injury until 10 days of storage at 5 o C. Electrolyte leakage (EL) of samples treated for 15 min with UV-C was lower than those of the other UV-C treatments and control samples at the 10 th day of storage at 5 o C. The green colour of UV-C-treated cucumbers was maintained better during storage than that of the control samples, but differences among the treatments were not significant. Weight loss of cucumbers in all UV-C treatments was higher than in control at 5oC, and also weight loss of cucumber at 5oC was higher than at 10oC due to chilling injury. Fruit firmness decreased in all treatments at 5oC, but it remained high in samples at 10oC. The results suggest that UV-C treatments could be a useful non-chemical method to delay chilling injury and deterioration of other quality characteristics of cucumber at 5 o C.
Generic Techniques for Building Top-k Structures

A reporting query returns the objects satisfying a predicate q from an input set. In prioritized reporting, each object carries a real-valued weight (which can be query dependent), and a query returns the objects that satisfy q and have weights at least a threshold τ. A top-k query finds, among all the objects satisfying q, the k ones of the largest weights; a max query is a special instance with k = 1. We want to design data structures of small space to support queries (and possibly updates) efficiently. Previous work has shown that a top-k structure can also support max and prioritized queries with no performance deterioration. This article explores the opposite direction: do prioritized queries, possibly combined with max queries, imply top-k search? Subject to mild conditions, we provide affirmative answers with two reduction techniques. The first converts a prioritized structure into a static top-k structure with the same space complexity and only a logarithmic blowup in query time. If a max structure is available in addition, our second reduction yields a top-k structure with no degradation in expected performance (this holds for the space, query, and update complexities). Our techniques significantly simplify the design of top-k structures because structures for max and prioritized queries are often easier to obtain. We demonstrate this by developing top-k structures for interval stabbing, 3D dominance, halfspace reporting, linear ranking, and L∞ nearest neighbor search in the RAM and the external memory computation models.
Analysis of Ginkgolides and Bilobalides in Ginkgo biloba L. Extract for Its Production Process Control by High-Performance Liquid Chromatography

A high-performance liquid chromatographic (HPLC) method is developed for the determination of the pharmacologically active terpenoids Ginkgolide A, B, and C and bilobalide in Ginkgo biloba L. leaves extract (GBE). The extracts are dissolved in methanol-water (1:4) and extracted by ethyl acetate after evaporation of the organic solvent, the residue is dissolved in methanol, and the terpenoids in the resultant solution are determined by means of HPLC on a C 18 column with methanol-water (23:77) as an eluent. The recovery provided by the method is above 96.5%, and the minimum concentration that can be determined is 80 µg of terpenoid per gram of GBE. The method is suitable for GBE production process control.
Introduction

A significant portion of research conducted on the acquisition of phonology has traditionally focussed on segmental development, on the acquisition of contrasts, and on processes commonly affecting target sounds. While early generative research was primarily concerned with first language (LI) learners (Smith 1973; Ingram 1974), an important body of work was devoted to second language (L2) learners (Eckman 1977; Flege 1980) and to individuals exhibiting delayed or disordered phonological development as well (e.g., Grunwell 1975; Ingram 1976). In the 1970s and early 1980s, the segmental focus of work in acquisition was largely due to influence from theoretical research in generative phonology at the time, which accorded no formal status to the syllable or to hierachical representations more generally (Chomsky and Halle 1968). With the onset of nonlinear phonology (Goldsmith 1976; Kahn 1976) and subsequent development of highly articulated models of feature organization (Sagey 1986), the acquisition research on segment structure shifted to investigating the ways that feature organization could predict paths in the emergence of contrasts (Rice 1996; Brown and Matthews 1997) and appropriately constrain the rule components of developing grammars (Hancin-Bhatt 1994; Levelt 1994; Dinnsen 1998). The new focus on highly structured representations in theoretical phonology led to the development of nonlinear approaches to prosodic representation (Selkirk 1980; Clements and Keyser 1983). With this, some attention was turned to the acquisition of syllable structure, stress, and prosodic constraints on word shape in
Defects and hydrogen in amorphous silicon nitride

Abstract The behaviour of defects in amorphous silicon nitride (a-Si3N4) and the hydrogenated amorphous silicon nitride (a-SiNx: H) alloys are described. The main defects in a-Si3N4 are the Si and N dangling bonds (DBs). The Si DB forms a sp3 state near midgap, while the N DB forms a highly localized pπ level just above the valence-band edge. The behaviour of the alloys changes near x ≍ 1.1, the percolation threshold of Si-Si bonds. In the Si-rich alloys (x 1.1 alloys behave largely like silicon nitride; the valence band changes towards N pπ like, both Si and N DBs can arise and the Si DB can have a high density and prefers to be in its charged diamagnetic configurations. The density of defects in a-SiN x : H, via the equilibration with weak Si-Si bonds, depends on the diffusion coefficient of hydrogen. A theory of H diffusion is developed which shows that the optimum depos.
Adsorption of Water Vapor on the MgO(100) Single Crystal Surface

The adsorption of H 2 O on the MgO(100) surface prepared by cleaving a single crystal in situ under ultrahigh vacuum has been studied. For the first time Low Energy Electron Diffraction (LEED) has revealed an ordering of the H 2 O monolayer with a c(4x2) translational symmetry at 150 K, highly sensitive Polarization Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (PIR) has shown a strong, very broad polarized absorption from ∼ 3050-3500 cm -1 in the spectral range of the symmetric and antisymmetric H 2 O stretching vibration ν 1 and ν 3 . The peak absorption is less than 0.1%, the integrated absorption 0.07 cm -1 and 0.11 cm -1 for p- and s-polarization, respectively, indicating that the molecular plane is nearly parallel to the surface. This broad polarized band is assigned to the ordered, nearly planar H 2 O monolayer with all OH groups participating in strong O-H.O bonds between nearest neighbor H 2 O molecules. In the ordered monolayer no dangling OH groups have been found. Additionally a sharp, p-polarized absorption at 3680 cm -1 has been observed, attributed to dangling OH bonds of the adsorbate on steps. At temperatures above 190K three sharp, polarized absorptions at 3672, 3626 and 3513 cm -1 with integrated absorptions in the range from 4.10 -4 to 5.10 -3 cm -1 and their disappearance above 240 K have been detected. They are ascribed to isolated H 2 O molecules on steps (3672 cm -1 ) and terraces, respectively. For D 2 O on MgO(100) all corresponding absorptions have been measured.
Flashback in a Swirl Burner With Cylindrical Premixing Zone

Flame flashback from the combustion chamber into the mixing zone is one of the inherent problems of lean premixed combustion and essentially determines the reliability of low NOx burners. Generally, flashback can be initiated by one of the following four phenomena: flashback due to the conditions in the boundary layer, flashback due to turbulent flame propagation in the core flow, flashback induced by combustion instabilities and flashback caused by combustion induced vortex breakdown.In this study, flashback in a swirling tubular flow was investigated. In order to draw maximum benefit from the tests with respect to the application in gas turbines, the radial distribution of the axial and circumferential momentum in the tube was selected such that the typical character of a flow in mixing zones of premix burners without centerbody was obtained. A single burner test rig has been designed to provoke flashback with the preheating temperature, the equivalence ratio and the mean flow rate being the influencing parameters. The flame position within the mixing section is detected by a special optical flame sensor array, which allows the control of the experiment and furthermore the triggering of the measurement techniques. The burning velocity of the fuel has been varied by using natural gas or hydrogen.The characteristics of the flashback, the unsteady swirling flow during the flame propagation, the flame dynamics and the reaction zones have been investigated by applying High Speed Video recordings, the Laser Doppler Anemometry and the Laser Induced Fluorescence. The presented results show that a combustion induced vortex breakdown is the dominating mechansim of the observed flashback. This mechanism is very sensitive to the momentum distribution in the vortex core. By adding axial momentum around the mixing tube axis, the circumferential velocity gradient is reduced and flashback can be prevented.Copyright © 2001 by ASME
Proposal of a new Zeeman slower for fabrication of nano-scale length standards

To meet the requirement of Nano-scale dimensional metrology, length standards with features below 100 nanometers are indispensible instruments. Our group has successfully fabricated length standards with periodic length of 213±0.1nm using the laser focused atomic deposition method, which is related to the atomic transition frequency and thus retraceable to a constant measured with high accuracy. For further improvement of the quality of these standards, we propose the use of Zeeman slower, which consists of an array of symmetrically positioned small discrete NdFeB magnets. Ideal magnetic field distribution is obtained employing Zeeman-tuned Doppler cooling theory. A simple and effective point-like magnetic dipoles model (MD) is used to represent the magnets during simulation. Two kinds of different oriented MDs are compared and only one is selected. By introducing local field contribution approximation, periodic array assumption and a new relative field deviation parameter, MDs array's configuration are calculated and optimized. The overall RMS of the difference between the ideal and calculated field in the whole length is reduced to 3.08E-3 T, and an optimal MDs array configuration is found and presented.
Temperature-quench Molecular Dynamics Simulations for Fluid Phase Equilibria

A method for locating fluid phase equilibria by means of a single canonical molecular dynamics simulation is evaluated. The temperature-quench molecular dynamics (TQMD) method consists of quenching an initially homogeneous one-phase fluid system to a lower temperature where it is mechanically and thermodynamically unstable. After a short transient, domains of coexisting phases form, which quickly acquire equilibrium-like properties. A suitable analysis of the coexisting domains in terms of local densities, compositions, or some other order parameter gives the phase equilibrium properties. We show how, contrary to expectations, one need not wait until a full global equilibration (planar interface) is resolved to obtain the correct results. As examples, the phase diagram of a cut and shift (5σ) Lennard–Jones fluid, the pressure-composition diagram of a Lennard–Jones mixture presenting three-phase vapor–liquid–liquid equilibria and the saturated liquid densities of eicosane using a united atom representation are determined. Comments and comparisons are made with the most commonly used methods such as Gibbs Ensemble Monte Carlo and volume expansion molecular dynamics (VEMD), finding TQMD to be a suitable alternative, especially for complex molecules and/or high densities.
Horseradish Peroxidase Catalyzed Synthesis of Polycardanol Microcapsules

Polymers synthesized from naturally derived monomers are valuable since they decrease the reliance on petroleum based feed stocks. Cashew nut shell oil (CNSL) is a side-product from processing of edible Cashew nuts of Annacardium occidentale. One of the major components of CNSL is cardanol, which is a phenol derivative having an unsaturated pentadecyl substituent in the ‘meta’ position with varying amount of unsaturation (no double bonds to three double bonds). The substituent in the meta position can also be hydrogenated to yield completely saturated hydrogenated cardanol. Cardanol can be utilized to stabilize the dispersions of oil in water and vice versa since it displays amphiphilic behavior owing to the phenolic head and the C15 aliphatic tail. Here we report the horseradish peroxidase (HRP) catalyzed polymerization of cardanol at oil water interface to obtain polycardanol microcapsules. A synthetic analogue of hydrogenated cardanol, 3-pentadecylphenol (3PDP), was also oxidatively polymerized at the oil-water interface to obtain Poly(3-pentadecylphenol) microcapsules.
A review on wind turbines gearbox fault diagnosis methods

As an renewable and clean energy of the world, wind energy has gained more and more attention and its fault diagnosis becomes more and more important. The gearbox, as the kernel component of the wind turbine system, it’s robust conditions have a great influence on the whole wind turbines system. Wind turbine gearbox has complex structure, which is usually composed of solar planetary gearbox and cylindrical gearbox. In the process of operation, various kinds of faults easily occur, resulting in serious losses. Once the wind turbine gearbox is not functioning as smoothly as it could be, it may result in large economic losses for the company and owner. At the same time, the failure rate of wind turbine gearbox has always been high because of complicated mechanic structure and special motion. Therefore, the tasks of reducing the downtime and increasing the productivity of wind turbine gearbox are urgent. This paper reviewed some research results of faults diagnosis on wind turbines gearbox, such as time-frequency analysis method, vibration based methods, nondestructive testing methods, etc. Meanwhile, this paper finds out some key problems and the channel of the resolution of the issue in order to supply some information for the further research of wind turbines gearbox.
Influence of midgut bacteria on toxicity of Bacillus thuringiensis to pink bollworm, Pectinophora gossypiella (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae)

Gut bacteria play pivotal role in many aspects of insects’ growth and development. They are generally beneficial but, can turn out to be harmful under certain conditions. Synergism/potentiation of Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) efficacy in many insect species is one such instance, where it is harmful to insect but is of immense value for their management using Bt toxins directly or indirectly. In the present study, commercial formulation of Bt (DiPel®) and Cry1Ac and Cry2Ab toxins were evaluated using five concentrations against five-day old larvae of Pectinophora gossypiella with and without antibiotics (which removed the gut bacteria) by diet incorporation method. Lowest median lethal concentration (LC50) was recorded in Cry2Ab (1.49 µg/gm of diet) followed by Cry1Ac (2.54 µg/gm of diet) and DiPel® (3.63 µg/gm of diet) without the antibiotics (AB). Whereas, highest LC50 (9.38 µg/gm of diet) was recorded with DiPel® + AB (chloramphenicol and tetracycline at 50 µg/gm of diet each) followed by Cry1Ac + AB (4.73 µg/gm of diet) and Cry2Ab + AB (3.66 µg/gm of diet). These results showed that DiPel® as well as both the Cry toxins along with antibiotics were less toxic to larvae of P. gossypiella thus indicates that gut bacteria potentially affect the susceptibility to Bacillus thuringiensis.
Est?ria: A Framework for Code and Execution Reuse between Test Classes

Manual implementation of test code can lead to maintainability problems such as test code duplication. Strategies to avoid test code duplication and to promote test code reuse exist in the literature. However, it becomes increasingly difficult to apply these strategies as the system evolves and the number of test increases. In this study, we present a novel strategy to reuse test setup code from other test classes without breaking the independency principle of the Test Automation Manifesto. We implemented this strategy in a framework called Estόria. Beyond test code reuse, the framework also enables the reuse of setup execution. Test execution reuse is important because it reduces testing runtime and allows a quicker feedback to test developers. The overall impact in promoting both code and execution reuse of test setup is an improvement in test maintainability and a reduction in testing effort. Experimental results showed a reduction of 47.62% of duplicate test lines using our strategy. In addition, execution reuse allowed to reduce the execution time by a ratio of 8.
Master's Dissertation Hybrid Control of a multi-agent UAV eet for Formation Flight with Dec-POMDP

Formation ight and cooperative control of multiple UAVs has been areas of studies of great interest by the most recent researches. As many methods are being created to make ne reference and formation tracking, collision avoidance and disturbance rejection, many trammels are still necessary to be overcome such as decentralization, reliable communications, task division, obstacle avoidance and autonomy. In such scenario, this work proposes an hybrid control system to be used in formation ight of multiple xed-wing UAVs, increasing the group performance and e ciency by allowing it to plan and control the eet by using both discrete and continuous commands. To overcome the centralization problem, the Dec-POMDP planning method is used, in order to avoid the reliability on a central decision node, such as a leader or a ground station. By using such algorithm, this approach also considers stochastic transitions and observations to allow an e ective decision making in noisy and uncertain environments. Also, the implementation of such system in an outer loop allows to reduce the computational time. Through simulations, the system proposed as a switching topology between the Dec-POMDP policy and PID controls was compared to other methods in the literature and has presented satisfactory performance for formation ight.