Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The Effects of the Rehabilitation Centers on the Children in Conflict with The Law in Burundi: Case Study of the Rumonge Rehabilitation Center

SHABANI, Ramadhan. Burundi’de Kanunla Ithilafa Dusen Cocuklara Rehabilitasyon Merkezlerinin Etkisi: Rumonge Rehabilitasyon Merkezi Ornegi, Yuksek Lisans Tezi, Ankara, 2019. Suca suruklenen cocuklar olgusu, dunyadaki farkli ulkelerin adalet sistemlerini yuzyillar boyunca etkileyen bir sorundur. Bu kafa karistirici fenomen, genel olarak Afrika ulkelerini ve ozel olarak Burundi Cumhuriyeti'ni korumadi. Nitekim, suca suruklenen cocuklar yonetimi birkac yil boyunca Burundi'de karmasik bir sorun haline gelmistir, cunku Burundi cocuk adalet sistemini adalet sistemine dahil etmemistir, yasalarca cezalandirilabilecek suca suruklenen cocuklar yetiskin cezaevlerine yerlestirilmistir. Nisan 2015'e kadar Burundi, suca suruklenen cocuklar icin bir topluluk yeniden entegrasyon gorevinin bir parcasi olarak adalet sistemiyle temas halindeki cocuklar icin ilk rehabilitasyon merkezini acmistir. Bu arastirmanin temel amaci, Burundi'deki suca suruklenen cocuklar icin rehabilitasyon merkezlerinin sosyal politikasini cocuk haklari acisindan degerlendirmektir. Bu arastirma'da Kanunla ithitalafa dusen 15 cocuk ve Rumonge rehabilitasyon merkezinin 3 elemani olmak uzere toplam 18 katilimci ile yari yapilandirilmis gorusme formularinin kullanimini iceren nitel bir arastirma tasarimi benimsenmistir. Bu katilimcilarin bulgularinin analizi, tematik kodlama ve veri analizini kullanan Windows icin Maxqda 2018 yazilimi ile gerceklestirilmistir. Bu arastirma calismasi Burundi'deki suca suruklenen cocuklari rehabilite etme politikasi hala son zamanlarda edinilmis bir deneyim oldugundan, bu konuya umut verici sonuclar vermektedir. Aslinda, bu arastirma calismasinin sonuclari, cocuk haklarina saygiyla ilgili tatmin edici bir sonuc gostermektedir, cunku Burundi'nin yeni rehabilitasyon merkezleri araciligiyla toplulugun yeniden butunlesmesi, cocuklari ahlaki egitimden, mesleki egitimden ve psikososyal tedavilerden yararlanmaktadir.
Vocational Psychology: Expanding the Vision and Enhancing the Impact ψ

In this contribution, we provide a critical analysis of the current status of vocational psychology and present an expansive vision for the future. We begin with an overview of the importance of vocational psychology in the history of The Counseling Psychologist, followed by a critical review of contemporary theory, research, practice, and training. We aim to expand the traditional purview of career choice and development and broaden the impact of the field to meet the needs of all who work and who want to work. We propose a new mission for vocational psychology characterized by innovative theoretical advancements, renewed interdisciplinary and international collaborations, and the inclusion of macrolevel factors in research, practice, and policy. Lastly, we conclude with a vision of vocational psychology in 20 years, which optimally will be reflected in a broadened scope of mission, integrative theoretical frameworks, and an expanded training and policy agenda.
DJFS: Providing Highly Reliable and High‐Performance File System with Small‐Sized NVRAM

File systems and applications try to implement their own update protocols to guarantee data consistency, which is one of the most crucial aspects of computing systems. However, we found that the storage devices are substantially under‐utilized when preserving data consistency because they generate massive storage write traffic with many disk cache flush operations and force‐unit‐access (FUA) commands. In this paper, we present DJFS (Delta‐Journaling File System) that provides both a high level of performance and data consistency for different applications. We made three technical contributions to achieve our goal. First, to remove all storage accesses with disk cache flush operations and FUA commands, DJFS uses small‐sized NVRAM for a file system journal. Second, to reduce the access latency and space requirements of NVRAM, DJFS attempts to journal compress the differences in the modified blocks. Finally, to relieve explicit checkpointing overhead, DJFS aggressively reflects the checkpoint transactions to file system area in the unit of the specified region. Our evaluation on TPC‐C SQLite benchmark shows that, using our novel optimization schemes, DJFS outperforms Ext4 by up to 64.2 times with only 128 MB of NVRAM.
Individualizing Training in Swimming: Evidence for Utilizing the Critical Speed and Critical Stroke Rate Concepts.

PURPOSE To monitor physiological, technical, and performance responses to individualized high-intensity interval training (HIIT) prescribed using the critical speed (CS) and critical stroke rate (CSR) concepts in swimmers completing a reduced training volume program (≤30 km·wk-1) for 15 weeks. METHODS Over the 15-week period, 12 highly trained swimmers (age 16 [1] y, height 179 [8] cm, weight 66 [8] kg) completed four 3-minute all-out tests to determine CS and the finite capacity to work above CS (D'), and four 200-m tests at CS to establish a CSR estimate. Combining CS and D', 2 HIIT sessions designed as 5 × 3-minute intervals depleting 60% of D' and 3 × 3.5-minute intervals depleting 80% of D' were prescribed once per week, respectively. An additional HIIT session was prescribed using CS and CSR as 10 × 150 m or 200 m at CS with 2 cycles per minute lower stroke rate than the CSR estimate. Additional monitored variables included peak speed, average speed for 150 seconds (speed150s) and 180 seconds (speed180s), competition performance and stroke length (SL), stroke count (SC), and stroke index (SI) adopted at CS. RESULTS At the end of the intervention, swimmers demonstrated faster CS (mean change ± 90% confidence limits: +5.4 ± 1.6%), speed150s (+2.5 ± 0.9%), speed180s (+3.0 ± 0.9%), and higher stroke rate (+6.4 ± 3.0%) and stroke index (+4.2 ± 3.6%). D' was reduced (-25.2 ± 7.5%), whereas peak speed, SL, and SC changed only trivially. The change in the swimmers' personal best times in the first and second main event was -1.2 ± 1.3% and -1.6 ± 0.9%, respectively. CONCLUSION HIIT prescribed based on the CS and CSR concepts was associated with improvements in several physiological, technical, and performance parameters in highly trained swimmers while utilizing time- and resource-efficient approach. This was achieved despite a ≥25% reduction in training volume.
Robotic sound source mapping using microphone arrays

The auditory system constitutes a significant perceptual input for humans and animals. While it is legitimate to say that it ranks behind other senses such as vision or haptics whose understanding has experienced significant advances in the context of computational intelligence and robotics, it is intuitive to assume that service and field robotic systems working closely with humans would benefit from incorporating compelling sound analysis capabilities in the pursuit of accomplishing human-robot collaborative tasks. Within the broad area of robotic audition, one of the most relevant research topics has been identifying and locating multiple sound sources that may be present in the vicinity of the robot at an instant in time. Robotic systems equipped with such ability would gain the faculty to better monitor acoustic events such as a conversation, a ringing alarm or a call for help, for example in a search and rescue scenario, effectively responding to people’s needs in a more natural way. Mapping stationary sound sources using a robot equipped with an on-board microphone array is thus the main focus of this thesis. The first important problem faced when mapping sound sources is the calibration of the auditory sensing unit, which in the scope of robot audition is almost invariably a multichannel microphone array. There are two distinctive cases depending on whether the microphone array is hardware-synchronised or not. If it is, calibration reduces to attaining an accurate estimate of the array geometry of all microphones, whereas for asynchronous arrays a resolution for starting time offsets and clock differences (drift rates) between the various microphones is also required. A novel methodology is hereby proposed using a graphbased Gauss-Newton least square optimisation technique borrowed from the simultaneous localisation and mapping (SLAM) literature. The proposed method starts investigating the calibration problem of a 2D/3D microphone array, and extends the method to the more challenging linear microphone array case. Having attained a calibrated microphone array, two distinctive contributions are made within the context of a SLAM-based framework to jointly estimate robot poses, positions of
Galaxy: adaptive client-server load balancing on bounded-degree network overlays

In this work we describe the Galaxy system which enables communication between disconnected computers by providing a set of public waypoints which accept incoming data from sources and subsequently relay the data to destinations. A prototype of this system has been built which has a Windows Explorer frontend interface and Java-based relay server code deployed on the global PlanetLab network. The primary focus of this thesis is the theoretical analysis of the Galaxy distributed loadbalancing algorithm which attempts to maximize the throughput of the system and provide a measure of fairness to each Galaxy client. The analysis is carried out by first modeling the Galaxy system network as a bipartite graph G = (U ∪ V, E) where each communicating sender/receiver pair is a single node u ∈ U, each node v ∈ V is a relay, and each edge e = (u, v) represents a network connection between a client u and proximate relay v. We call degree-bounded bipartite graphs with maximum client out-degree Δ and minimum relay in-degree δ as “(Δ, δ) Dual Bounded”. We show that on (Δ, δ) Dual Bounded networks the Galaxy load-balancing algorithm always reaches at least a fraction of optimal equal to min(1, D2-d2D2 -dD-D ) and that this bound is tight. Further, we show that the Galaxy load-balancing algorithm converges in O(|U|) rounds and achieves constant-competitiveness in only O(log(Δ)) time rounds. This result suggests that (1) we minimize the number of relays to which each client may connect and maximize the number of clients to which each relay is connected, and (2) provides exact bounds on throughput and the time required to reach convergence as functions of the structure of the network. In addition to being useful for our Galaxy system, the throughput bound given above is also applicable to other distributed Internet services which use TCP/IP.
Looking hot in selfies: Narcissistic beginnings, aggressive outcomes?

An emerging literature suggests that females are more likely than males to take and post selfies and that such selfies tend to both conform to and legitimize the sexualization of femininity. It has been found that key predictors of selfie behaviors are narcissistic personality traits and that taking a higher number of selfies may, in turn, put young people at risk of engaging in negative social interactions online. No studies to date have investigated the mediating effects of selfies and, moreover, selfies that are taken with the intention of to appear physically attractive (i.e., sexualized selfies), on the relationship between narcissism and cyber behaviors. The following study examined selfie taking among a group of 262 adolescent girls (aged 13–16). Results of a path model found a serial mediation effect, indicating that exploitativeness was associated with increased selfie taking, which increased sexualized selfie taking and in turn increased cyber aggression and victimization. In contrast, contingent self-esteem was associated with taking sexualized selfies (with indirect positive effects on cyber behaviors). Results of this model also show that the effect of taking selfies on cyber behaviors is fully mediated by taking sexualized selfies. These findings are discussed in relation to the characteristics of the online environment and the risks of young women’s sexualized online self-presentations.
Using Fit Statistic Differences to Determine the Optimal Number of Factors to Retain in an Exploratory Factor Analysis

Exploratory factor analysis (EFA) is widely used by researchers in the social sciences to characterize the latent structure underlying a set of observed indicator variables. One of the primary issues that must be resolved when conducting an EFA is determination of the number of factors to retain. There exist a large number of statistical tools designed to address this question, with none being universally optimal across applications. Recently, researchers have investigated the use of model fit indices that are commonly used in the conduct of confirmatory factor analysis to determine the number of factors to retain in EFA. These results have yielded mixed results, appearing to be effective when used in conjunction with normally distributed indicators, but not being as effective for categorical indicators. The purpose of this simulation study was to compare the performance of difference values for several fit indices as a method for identifying the optimal number of factors to retain in an EFA, with parallel analysis, which is one of the most reliable such extant methods. Results of the simulation demonstrated that the use of fit index difference values outperformed parallel analysis for categorical indicators, and for normally distributed indicators when factor loadings were small. Implications of these findings are discussed.
Comparison of various schema of filter adaptivity for the tracking of maneuvering targets

Tracking maneuvering targets is a complex problem which has generated a great deal of effort over the past several years. It has now been well established that in terms of tracking accuracy, the Interacting Multiple Model (IMM) algorithm, where state estimates are mixed, performs significantly better for maneuvering targets than other types of filters. However, the complexity of the IMM algorithm can prohibit its use in these applications of which similar algorithms cannot provide the necessary accuracy and which can ont afford the computational load of IMM algorithm. This paper presents the evaluation of the tracking accuracy of a multiple model track filter using three different constant-velocity models running in parallel and a maneuver detector. The output estimate is defined by selecting the model whose likelihood function is lower than a target maneuver threshold.
Monetary Policy and Equity Valuation

The Taylor rule (1993) states that Fed funds rates have an inflation beta equal to 1.5. If equity investors infer their long-term discount rate based upon guidance from the Federal Reserve using the Taylor rule, then earnings yields should display a positive beta to inflation. This provides a rational explanation to the empirically observed relationship between earnings yield and inflation, refuting the Money Illusion Hypothesis of Modigliani and Cohn (1979). Using an ARDL model, I find that Fed funds rates had an inflation beta between 1.55 and 1.85 over the 1978-2017 period, implying an inflation beta of earnings growth lying around one over the past 40 years. Equity investors therefore rationally discount nominal cash flows at nominal discount rate, accounting for the fact that Fed funds rates are described by the Taylor rule.
What Less-Proficient EFL Learners Tell Us about Their Language Learning: Qualitative Analysis of Self-Regulated Learning

This paper aims to explore the characteristics of self-regulated learning from information gained in post-questionnaire interviews, with special emphasis on the differences between low-proficiency learners and high-proficiency learners. Self-regulated learning is a cyclical process to metacognitively, motivationally, and behaviorally boost learning performance (Zimmerman & Schunk, 2001). Fukuda (2018a) quantitatively revealed the motivational and cognitive differences of self-regulated learning skills between the lowand high-proficiency groups, showing that self-regulated learning significantly influenced language learning achievement, which is consistent with most other studies. However, those have not addressed less-proficient learners enough to understand how they perceive self-regulated learning. Seven low-proficiency learners and ten high-proficiency learners participated and were selected based on a questionnaire regarding self-regulated language learning. The researcher adapted semi-structured interviews based on the factors in the Motivated Strategies for Learning Questionnaire (MSLQ). The results showed the obvious characteristics that the less-proficient learners possessed. Interviews consistently revealed that the less-proficient learners had a peculiar self-regulated learning attitude that was different from the more-proficient learners. Because the less-proficient learners strongly emphasized the outcome of the exams or performance compared to others, they tended to rarely feel successful in their English education experience, which seemed to cause them to give up learning English and make them reluctant to ask teachers for help. These tendencies demonstrated the importance of teacher encouragement of learner motivational satisfaction and the promotion of the use of various metacognitive strategies.
Anxiety-Related Coping Styles, Social Support, and Internet Use Disorder

Objective: The Internet can offer a seemingly safe haven for those being disappointed by relationships in the “offline world”. Although the Internet can provide lonely people with opportunities to seek for help and support online, complete withdrawal from the offline world comes with costs. It is discussed if people can even become “addicted” to the Internet. Of note, meanwhile, many researchers prefer the term Internet use disorder (IUD) instead of using the term “Internet addiction”. To illustrate the importance of one’s own social network supporting a person in everyday life, we investigated, for the first time to our knowledge, how social resources in terms of quality and quantity might represent a buffer against the development of IUD. Furthermore, anxiety related coping styles are investigated as a further independent variable likely impacting on the development of an IUD. Method: In the present work, N = 567 participants (n = 164 males and n = 403 females; Mage = 23.236; SDage = 8.334) filled in a personality questionnaire assessing individual differences in cognitive avoidant and vigilant anxiety processing, ergo, traits describing individual differences in everyday coping styles/modes. Moreover, all participants provided information on individual differences in tendencies toward IUD, the perceived quality of social support received, and the size of their social network (hence a quantity measure). Results: Participants with larger social networks and higher scores in the received social support reported the lowest tendencies toward IUD in our data. A vigilant coping style was positively correlated with tendencies toward IUD, whereas no robust associations could be observed between a cognitive avoidant coping style and tendencies toward IUD. Hierarchical linear regression underlined an important predictive role of the interaction term of vigilance in ego-threat scenarios and perceived quality of social support. Conclusion: The current study not only yields support for the hypothesis that the size of one’s own social network as well as the perceived quality of social support received in everyday life present putative resilience factors against developing IUD. It also supports the approach that special coping styles are needed to make use of the social support offered.
An Analysis of the Journey of Open and Distance Education: Major Concepts and Cutoff Points in Research Trends

In an effort to understand trends in open and distance education more comprehensively, this study aims to identify the research trends, major concepts, and cutoff points in the articles published between 2009 and 2016. From five major peer-reviewed journals, a total of 989 articles were analyzed through a systematic literature review process using content analysis. The articles were coded based on the following three categories: level, topics, and sub-topics. The results indicated the followings: (1) emerged main themes in the articles were foundations of open and distance education, instructional process, and effects of applications; (2) there was an upward growth in the publishing of the articles on massive open online courses, open educational resources, and students’ perspectives; (3) new pedagogical approaches and online learning design played a triggering role in the research topics; and (4) technological and pedagogical developments between 2011 and 2012 had an influence on the tendency of the articles. In addition, we explored cutoff points so that they may provide insights and valuable hints for researchers to design new studies in open and distance education field. Discussions about the gaps in the state-of-the-art trends and directions about future research were also included.
The role of motivation and volition in economic decisions: Evidence from eye movements and pupillometry

Economic decisions usually involve high stakes, real consequences and some degree of personal risk. This article explores the impact of motivational and volitional states on economic decision processes in an incentivized lottery choice task. We investigated the patterns of decision time, choice, information search, and pupil dilation dependent on an experimental manipulation of motivation and volition, i.e., the deliberative and the implemental mindset. The results indicated that choice preferences in economic decisions were robust and remained unaffected by motivational and volitional states, but decision processes were notably impacted. Decision makers in a deliberative state of mind searched for information more extensively and made slower decisions than the baseline. The implemental mindset was associated with comparatively more attention paid to the probability attributes of the gambles relative to the deliberative mindset. Furthermore, we observed that gamble outcomes which entailed no win at all (i.e., zero-outcomes) played an important role for information search. These outcomes were largely disregarded in terms of predecisional information search but elicited pupillary responses similar to very high outcome lotteries. These results inform the current debate about the zero-effect in risky choice. We also discuss the potential of eye-tracking studies of risky choice to dissolve ambiguities concerning the contributions of effort and arousal to modulating pupillary response. Implications for theoretical advances in decision research are discussed.
A Ternary Brain-computer Interface based on Single-trial Readiness Potentials of Self-initiated Fine Movements

This thesis investigates the feasibility of a ternary brain-computer interface (BCI) using the single-trial readiness potential (RP) of self-initiated fine movements. The BCI classified among an idle state and fine motor movements in the left and right hands. Three studies were conducted, each investigating a step towards this ternary BCI. The first study presented a novel technique of feature fusion from an optimal number of electrodes, for the prediction of a self-initiated fine movement from an idle state in single-trials. This technique achieved significantly lower classification error than the best single classifier and some conventional classifier fusion methods. The first study also confirmed the detection of the self-initiated fine movements on a single-trial basis, at above-chance levels, starting 396 ms before their motoric realization. The highest detection accuracy was 82.21% at 250 ms before movement. The second study formulated a novel pipeline of spatio-temporal filtering (PSTF) feature extraction method for laterality classification of self-initiated fine movements. The PSTF achieved significantly higher average classification accuracy (74.99%) than two conventional methods. This second study achieved a significant improvement in single-trial fine movement laterality prediction from RP features alone. The final study investigated a ternary BCI based on a single-trial RP of self-