Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Genetics of adult body mass and maintenance of adult body mass in captive baboons (Papio hamadryas subspecies)

Adult body mass and changes in mass during an individual's life are important indicators of general health and reproductive fitness. Therefore, characterization of the factors that influence normal variation in body mass has important implications for colony management and husbandry. The main objective of this study was to quantify the genetic contribution to adult body mass and its maintenance in baboons. Intra‐individual mean and variance in body mass were calculated from multiple weight measures available for each of 1,614 animals at least 10 years of age. Heritabilities were estimated using maximum likelihood methods. Mean adult body mass had a significant heritability (50%) as did variance in adult body mass (12%). The sexes differed in several respects: on average females were smaller than males and had greater variability in adult body mass; mean and variance in body mass increased with age in females only; and number of offspring showed a significant positive relationship with body mass in females only. There were significant differences between subspecies in body mass as well as ability to maintain body mass. These results indicate that there is a significant genetic influence on body mass and its maintenance, and suggest that different factors influence changes in body mass with age as well as body mass maintenance in male and female baboons. Am. J. Primatol. 42:281–288, 1997. © 1997 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
COMBINED EFFECTS OF COLD EXPOSURE AND 53 HOURS OF SLEEP DEPRIVATION ON A SUSTAINED ATTENTION TASK

INTRODUCTION It is well documented that sleep deprivation has a negative impact on cognitive performance (Durmer & Dinges 2005). Research also suggests that individuals typically need seven hours of sleep to maintain normal physiological function (Armstrong 2000). While the effects of sleep deprivation are well documented its interaction with acute cold exposure is still unclear. The relationship between sleep deprivation and thermoregulation has only recently come into focus. Castellani et al. (2003) examined shifts in body temperature threshold as a result of numerous detrimental factors (i.e., negative energy balance, sustained activity and sleep loss). They reported that during cold exposure following 84 hours of sustained operations, thermoregulatory variables including metabolic heat production, shivering threshold, respiratory exchange ratio and core temperature, were all lower than those exhibited during the control trial. Young et al. (1998) also utilized multiple stressors (i.e., negative energy balance, sleep deprivation and exertional fatigue) to examine soldiers’ ability to thermoregulate in a cold environment. They found that thermal sensation was more pronounced (soldiers felt colder) immediately following 61 days of military training as opposed to the recovery cold exposure trials (48 hours and 109 days post-training). Additionally, the acute affects of sleep deprivation were documented by a significant decrease in rectal temperature during the cold exposure following the training and to a lesser extent following 48 hours of recovery (Young et al. 1998). More recently, Caine-Bish et al. (2005) examined the effects of acute cold exposure, following 33 hours of sleep deprivation, on hormone concentrations and metabolic rate. In contrast to Castellani et al. (2003) and Young et al. (1998) they observed no change in rectal and skin temperatures, heat production and thermal sensation due to sleep deprivation. To date, little research has focused on the effects of sleep deprivation (> 36 hrs) in conjunction with acute cold exposure on cognitive function. Consequently, this study evaluated the cognitive impact of a repeated two hr cold challenge during 53 hrs without sleep.
Social Responsibility Used as a Source for Competitive Advantage in Mexico´s Companies

Large, medium and small companies create and sustain relationships with their investors, stakeholders, employees and community in a different way; conditions by means of which the executives take decisions related to the enterprise’s social responsibility changes [1]. There is wide debate, between investigators of the area, about the enterprise’s participation of the Social Corporative Environment, as well as the discussion about the success and limitations of their participation. 
Competitive intelligence in social media Twitter: iPhone 6 vs. Galaxy S5

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to mine competitive intelligence in social media to find the market insight by comparing consumer opinions and sales performance of a business and one of its competitors by analyzing the public social media data. Design/methodology/approach – An exploratory test using a multiple case study approach was used to compare two competing smartphone manufacturers. Opinion mining and sentiment analysis are conducted first, followed by further validation of results using statistical analysis. A total of 229,948 tweets mentioning the iPhone6 or the GalaxyS5 have been collected for four months following the release of the iPhone6; these have been analyzed using natural language processing, lexicon-based sentiment analysis, and purchase intention classification. Findings – The analysis showed that social media data contain competitive intelligence. The volume of tweets revealed a significant gap between the market leader and one follower; the purchase intention data also reflect.
Chemotactic Factor Binding and Functional Capacity: A Comparison Between Human Granulocytes and Differentiated HL‐60 Cells

In the presence of dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), the leukemic promyelocytic cell line HL‐60 will differentiate into mature polymorphonuclear granulocytes. In the present report, we compare chemotactic factor binding and function in HL‐60 cells with that of normal human granulocytes using the chemotactic peptide N‐formylmethionyl‐leucyl‐phenylal‐anine (FMLP) as ligand. The cellular response measured as CL was changed as a result of storage or conditioning of normal peripheral blood cells. With these cells, a conditioning procedure at room temperature resulted in a pronounced increase in the CL response. The increase of the CL response was probably a result of increased expression of cryptic receptors, since the changes of the oxidative response to FMLP was accompanied by increased binding of the peptide to the cell surface. Scatchard analysis revealed that the increased binding was due to an increased number of receptors. In differentiated HL‐60 cells, conditioning neither led to increased production of oxidative metabolites, nor to any increased binding of the peptide. The data thus indicate that many FMLP receptors could reside in a cryptic site that is not accessible to extracellular ligands, and that conditioning results in an increased exposure of these receptors, followed by an increased oxidative response to the ligand in normal cells but not in mature HL‐60 cells.
Microbial communities and their predicted metabolic characteristics in deep fracture groundwaters of the crystalline bedrock at Olkiluoto, Finland

Abstract. The microbial diversity in oligotrophic isolated crystalline Fennoscandian Shield bedrock fracture groundwaters is high, but the core community has not been identified. Here we characterized the bacterial and archaeal communities in 12 water conductive fractures situated at depths between 296 and 798 m by high throughput amplicon sequencing using the Illumina HiSeq platform. Between 1.7 × 104 and 1.2 × 106 bacterial or archaeal sequence reads per sample were obtained. These sequences revealed that up to 95 and 99 % of the bacterial and archaeal sequences obtained from the 12 samples, respectively, belonged to only a few common species, i.e. the core microbiome. However, the remaining rare microbiome contained over 3- and 6-fold more bacterial and archaeal taxa. The metabolic properties of the microbial communities were predicted using PICRUSt. The approximate estimation showed that the metabolic pathways commonly included fermentation, fatty acid oxidation, glycolysis/gluconeogenesis, oxidative phosphorylation, and methanogenesis/anaerobic methane oxidation, but carbon fixation through the Calvin cycle, reductive TCA cycle, and the Wood–Ljungdahl pathway was also predicted. The rare microbiome is an unlimited source of genomic functionality in all ecosystems. It may consist of remnants of microbial communities prevailing in earlier environmental conditions, but could also be induced again if changes in their living conditions occur.
Von einer pragmatischen Theorie der Bedeutung zur Philosophie des Geistes

1.Das Thema des Aufsatzes Ein wichtiger Bereich des gegenwartigen Pragmatismus ist die Theorie der Bedeutung der Aussagen und des begrifflichen Inhalts der Uberzeugungen von Personen. Eine pragmatische Theorie der Bedeutung konzipiert die Semantik, die Theorie der Bedeutung sprachlicher Zeichen, auf der Grundlage der Pragmatik, der Theorie des Gebrauchs sprachlicher Zeichen. Sie rekonstruiert die Bedeutung unserer Aussagen und den begrifflichen Inhalt unserer Uberzeugungen unter Bezugnahme auf bestimmte soziale Praktiken. Der Pragmatismus in diesem spezifischen Sinne ist der Ausgangspunkt fur diesen Aufsatz. Das Ziel ist, eine Antwort auf die Frage zu geben, wie dieser Pragmatismus sich in die gegenwartige Philosophie des Geistes einfugt. Im Folgenden spreche ich der Kurze halber nur von »Pragmatismus«, meine damit aber lediglich diese Position, die durch eine Theorie der Bedeutung beziehungsweise des begrifflichen Inhalts auf der Grundlage sozialer Praktiken definiert ist. Ich beschranke mich dabei auf den begrifflichen Inhalt von Uberzeugungen. Es geht in diesem Aufsatz also nicht um eine pragmatische Haltung zur Philosophie des Geistes im Sinne einer Haltung, welche die in der Philosophie des Geistes diskutierten Probleme aus pragmatischen Grunden zuruckweist. 1 Es geht vielmehr um die Einordnung einer pragmatischen Theorie der Bedeutung in die gegenwartige Philosophie des Geistes. Wenn man eine Theorie entwickelt, welche den begrifflichen Inhalt unserer Uberzeugungen von sozialen Praktiken her versteht, dann tut man mehr, als nur einen Beitrag zur Semantik zu leisten. Man stellt dann eine Theorie dessen vor, worin intentionale Zustande bestehen. Intentional sind alle und nur diejenigen Zustande einer Person, die einen begrifflichen, also propositionalen Inhalt haben ‐ wie zum Beispiel zu glauben, dass es regnet, zu hoffen, dass der Zug punktlich ankommt, zu wollen, dass das Fleisch gut durchgebraten ist und so fort. Die Idee ist, dass eine Person nur dann in intentionalen Zustanden ist, wenn sie an [148] sozialen Praktiken teilnimmt. Eine Theorie intentionaler Zustande ist eine Philosophie des Geistes. Intentionale Zustande sind ‐ neben dem Bewusstsein ‐ der Kernbereich der Philosophie des Geistes. Dementsprechend geht es im Folgenden darum, welche Stelle die Idee, dass die Teilnahme an sozialen Praktiken eine
Proinflammatory Cytokine Production in HaCat Cells Treated by Eosin: Implications for the Topical Treatment of Psoriasis

Psoriasis is a multifactorial skin dermatosis characterized in its classical form by erythematous and hyperkeratotic plaques on extensor surfaces of the body, that in most cases can be managed therapeutically by topical agents. Hyperproliferation and a marked inflammation in both epidermis and dermis are thought to be driven by interaction of activated type-1 T lymphocytes and antigen-presenting cells and keratinocytes that release several proinflammatory and immunomodulating molecules. The aim of this study is to investigate whether tetrabromofluorecin, commonly know as eosin, a classical compound traditionally topically used in psoriasis for its presumed anti-inflammatory activities, is able to modulate the production of TNF-α, IL-6 and IL-8 that are recognized as the most active and characterized cytokines in the pathogenesis of this skin disorder. HaCaT cell line was used to verify the effects on epidermal inflammation by eosin at scalar doses after testing the viability of cells. Two different population of cells, one stimulated by IFNγ and one non-stimulated, were cultivated in presence of tolerable concentrations. The expression and release of IL-6, IL-8, IL10, and TNF-alpha were analysed by RT-PCR and ELISA, respectively. Our results show that tolerable concentrations of eosin were 0.05%, 0.02%, and 0.01%. The expression and production of TNFα, IL-8 and IL-6 were dramatically reduced in presence of eosin 0.05% and 0.02% and the action of eosin was more pronounced on TNF-α. In agreement with clinical data, our results show that in presence of tolerable concentrations, eosin seems to influence remarkably the production of three important cytokines involved in the hyperproliferation and inflammatory process, giving a specific explanation of its efficacy and supporting its topical use in the clinical setting.
Community based integrated intervention for prevention and management of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) in Guangdong, China: cluster randomised controlled trial

Objective To evaluate the effects of a community based integrated intervention for early prevention and management of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) in China. Design Cluster randomised controlled trial. Setting Eight healthcare units in two communities. Participants Of 1062 people aged 40-89, 872 (101 with COPD and 771 without COPD) who fulfilled the inclusion and exclusion criteria were allocated to the intervention or the usual care programmes. Intervention Participants randomly assigned to integrated intervention (systematic health education, intensive and individualised intervention, treatment, and rehabilitation) or usual care. Main outcome measures Annual rate of decline in forced expiratory rate in one second (FEV1) before use of bronchodilator. Results Annual rate of decline in FEV1 was significantly lower in the intervention community than the control community, with an adjusted difference of 19 ml/year (95% confidence interval 3 to 36) and 0.9% (0.1% to 1.8%) of predicted values (all P<0.05), as well as a lower annual rate of decline in FEV1/FVC (forced vital capacity) ratio (adjusted difference 0.6% (0.1% to 1.2%) P=0.029). There were also higher rates of smoking cessation (21% v 8%, P<0.004) and lower cumulative death rates from all causes (1% v 3%, P<0.009) in the intervention community than in the control community during the four year follow-up. Improvements in knowledge of COPD and smoking hazards, outdoor air quality, environmental tobacco smoke, and working conditions were also achieved (all P<0.05). The difference in cumulative incidence rate of COPD (both around 4%) and cumulative death rate from COPD (2% v 11%) did not reach significance between the two communities. Conclusions A community based integrated intervention can have a significant impact on the prevention and management of COPD, mainly reflected in the annual rate of decline in FEV1. Trial registration Chinese Clinical Trials Registration (ChiCTR-TRC-00000532).
Determinants of Prospective Engagement in Mental Health Treatment Among Symptomatic Iraq/Afghanistan Veterans

Abstract There is considerable public and professional concern about the mental health status of veterans deployed to Iraq and Afghanistan as well as how to engage and retain symptomatic veterans in treatment. This study examined demographic, psychiatric, and psychosocial determinants of prospective initiation and retention in mental health services among symptomatic Iraq/Afghanistan veterans. One hundred thirty-seven symptomatic veterans who were referred to mental health screening completed a survey at the time of their first mental health visit. Associations between survey variables and subsequent Veterans Affairs service utilization were evaluated. The most consistent determinants of mental health service initiation and retention were severity of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and depressive symptoms. Notably, whereas PTSD-related re-experiencing symptoms were independently associated with initiation of mental health treatment, PTSD-related numbing symptoms were independently associated with retention in treatment. Stigma, barriers to care, and beliefs about mental health treatment were not associated with either mental health initiation or retention.
Direct Torque Control of PMSM Based on Fractional Order Sliding Mode Variable Structure and Experiment Research

A direct torque control method based on fractional order sliding mode variable structure (DTC-FOSMVS) was proposed for the speed control of a permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM). The proposed method in which the space vector pulse width modulation (SVPWM) with fixed switch frequency is applied, reduces the torque and flux ripple, and improves the speed control performance. In order to improve the energy efficiency and reduce the demagnetization effect, the DTC-FOSMVS method with dynamic flux reference was designed. The stability of the control method is proved by Lyapunov theory. The performance of the proposed method is verified through experiment which is based on hardware in loop and Simulink/QuaRC real time control software. The experiment results show the robustness and effectiveness of the proposed method.
Delays in breast cancer diagnosis and treatment by racial/ethnic group.

BACKGROUND Although white women have the highest incidence of breast cancer, African American, followed by Hispanic, American Indian/Alaskan Native, and Asian American or Pacific Islander, women have higher death rates from the disease. Timely initiation of treatment has been shown to improve survival, and may help to lessen the mortality differences among racial/ethnic groups. METHODS The purpose of this study was to describe time delays in the initial diagnosis and treatment of primary breast carcinoma across diverse ethnic/racial groups. Data are from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results-Medicare database. Women in this study were diagnosed as having breast cancer between January 1, 1992, and December 31, 1999. Billing claims from outpatient and inpatient visits were used. A total of 49 865 female Medicare recipients 65 years and older were enrolled in the study. Racial/ethnic groups were compared in their diagnostic, treatment, and clinical delay (ie, women with a diagnostic and treatment delay). RESULTS African American women experienced the greatest diagnostic, treatment, and clinical delay. After controlling for other predictors, compared with white women, African American women had a 1.39-fold odds (95% confidence interval, 1.18-1.63) of diagnostic delay beyond 2 months, a 1.64-fold odds (95% confidence interval, 1.40-1.91) of treatment delay beyond 1 month, and a 2.24-fold odds (95% confidence interval, 1.75-2.86) of having a combined clinical delay. CONCLUSIONS In a population-based study, African American women experienced the most delays in initial diagnosis and initiation of breast cancer treatment, relative to women of other racial/ethnic subgroups. Despite the limitations of a claims database, the magnitude and direction of the findings are consistent across the research, suggesting the critical importance of reducing these delays.
Empirical Research of the ISO 9001:2015 Transition Process in Portugal: Motivations, Benefits, and Success Factors

Purpose: With the transition period for ISO 9001 certified organisations to migrate to the 2015 edition ending 15th September 2018, this investigation aims to evaluate the status of ISO 9001:2015 transition process and provide useful knowledge on the corresponding motivations, benefits, and success factors.Methodology/Approach: An empirical study of more than 300 Portuguese organisations ISO 9001 certified, or in certification process, encompassing a wide range of activities sectors, was carried out.Findings: As of May 2017, 19% of the respondents already have ISO 9001:2015 certification and all the remaining one’s plan to complete the process in time. The principal reported benefits are risk-based thinking, mapping of the organisational context, and stakeholder identification. Simultaneously those were the issues that required more attention and effort to be mastered and implemented. Additionally, there is evidence that ISO 9001:2015 enhances both internal and external organisational issues and generates benefits for all the researched dimensions. Based on the respondents’ responses, organisations who claimed that external motivations were the primary drivers to ISO 9001:2015 implementation systematically rate higher all the benefits when compared with the rating ascribed by those organisations who claimed internal motivations. Moreover, it is possible to conclude that the perceived benefits from ISO 9001:2015 implementation and certification seem to be strongly influenced by two primary dimensions: the (smaller) organisation size and the (lesser) international presence.Research Limitation/implication: Due to ISO 9001:2015 novelty, the results of this investigation should be subject to future confirmation and replicated in other countries to allow a generalisation of the conclusions. Since the survey is based on the perceptions of the organisation’s Managers, there is a potential response bias risk that should be acknowledged.Originality/Value of paper: With more than 1.2 million ISO 9001 certified organisation worldwide, this a highly relevant issue both for organisations, practitioners and academics. Due to ISO 9001:2015 novelty, this investigation aims to fill this research gap.
SEXTANT, un langage de modélisation des connaissances pour la navigation textuelle

Nous presentons tout d'abord notre conception de la navigation textuelle concue comme un processus cognitif qui convoque des connaissances qui sont propres a la finalite de la navigation. Nous formulons l'hypothese que ces connaissances peuvent etre, en partie, modelisees sous une forme declarative avec le langage SEXTANT que nous decrivons. Enfin, nous presentons deux applications qui utilisent la plate-forme NaviTexte dans laquelle le langage SEXTANT est implemente.
Méthodes LMI pour l'analyse et la synthèse multicritère

Les inequations matricielles lineaires (LMI) peuvent etre resolus de facon efficace par des methodes d'optimisation convexe. Il est donc interessant de formuler les problemes de la commande en termes de telles inequations. Dans cette these, il est montre qu'un grand nombre d'objectifs de commande peuvent etre formules comme des problemes de minimisation sous contraintes LMI. En particulier, le placement de poles dans une grande variete de regions admet une caracterisation du type inequation de Lyapounov. Dans le cas des systemes incertains, les techniques de Lyapounov peuvent etre utilisees pour trouver une formulation LMI. En presence d'incertitude structuree, le probleme de stabilite robuste est difficile et reste encore ouvert. Toutefois, l'utilisation de fonctions de Lyapounov dependant de parametres permet d'obtenir des resultats interessants. Enfin, les outils developpes sont utilises pour resoudre le probleme de synthese lorsque plusieurs objectifs sont a atteindre. Malgre son conservatisme, la solution proposee est assez generale et s'applique a un grand nombre d'objectifs de la commande.