Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A RESONANCE RAMAN STUDY OF OCTOPUS BATHORHODOPSIN WITH DEUTERIUM LABELED RETINAL CHROMOPHORES *

Abstract– The resonance Raman spectrum of octopus bathorhodopsin in the fingerprint region and in the ethylenic‐Schiff base region have been obtained at 80 K using the “pump‐probe” technique as have its deuterated chromophore analogues at the C7D; C8D; C7, C8D2; C10D; C11,D; C11, C12D2; C14D; C15D; C14, C15D2; and N16D positions. While these data are not sufficient to make definitive band assignments, many tentative assignments can be made. Because of the close spectral similarity between the octopus bathorhodopsin spectrum and that of bovine bathorhodopsin, we conclude that the essential configuration of octopus bathorhodopsin's chromophore is all‐trans like. The data suggest that the Schiff base, C=N, configuration is trans (and). The observed conformationaly sensitive fingerprint bands show pronounced isotope shifts upon chromophore deuteration. The size of the shifts differ, in certain cases, from those found for bovine bathorhodopsin. Thus, the internal mode composition of the fingerprint bands differs somewhat from bovine bathorhodopsin, suggesting a somewhat different in situ chromophore conformation. An analysis of the NH bend frequency, the Schiff base C=N stretch frequency, and its shift upon Schiff base deuteration suggests that the hydrogen bonding between the protonated Schiff base with its protein binding pocket is weaker in octopus bathorhodopsin than in bovine bathorhodopsin but stronger than that found in bacteriorhodop‐sin's bR568 pigment.
Switching of capacitive currents and the correlation of restrike and pre-ignition behavior

The new IEC 62271-100 requires an extensive proof of the capability of capacitive switching for a breaker under test. For vacuum circuit breakers, dielectric properties are mainly determined by the condition and topology of the contact surfaces, which are modified by in-rush currents as well as load-breaking currents and other effects. A synthetic single-phase test device has been erected in order to simulate three-phase network conditions and to collect more data on the statistical properties of the relevant processes. The distribution of pre-ignition field strengths is evaluated for different contact strokes and surface conditions, when discharging a capacitor through the closing interrupter. On the other side, the probability of restrikes for a given switching condition defined by full contact gap d/sub 0/ and peak recovery voltage U/sub re//spl circ/ is measured and compared with the cumulative probability of pre-ignition just at the field strength E=U/sub re//spl circ//d/sub 0/. A correlation between pre-ignition and restrike probabilities suggests a breakdown mechanism being field-emission dominated. In addition a rather strong conditioning effect has been observed at smaller contact gaps smoothening the contact surfaces.
How does perceived underemployment influence expatriate job-related outcomes? A moderated mediation study

Abstract Although research has investigated the consequences of underemployment in domestic settings, research on the effects of underemployment among expatriates remains limited and has yielded inconsistent results. From a theoretical perspective, there is a need for a better understanding of the mechanisms through which underemployment affects various work-related outcomes and to account for potential contingencies. Drawing on the person-job fit literature and research on organizational identification, we theorise and empirically examine how and under what conditions underemployment influences expatriate performance. Using an original primary data-set of 103 Japanese expatriate managers in the UK, we find that underemployment affects expatriate work outcomes by increasing expatriates’ maladjustment and that this effect is moderated by the level to which expatriates identify with their organization.
Long‐Term Survival in Treated Anaplastic Astrocytomas: A Report of Combined RTOG/ECOG Studies

This report evaluates the long-term survival of patients with histologically confirmed anaplastic astrocytoma on several combined RTOG (Radiation Therapy Oncology Group) studies. Included in this analysis are the following studies: RTOG/ECOG (Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group) 74–01, RTOG 76–11, and RTOG 79–18, with the various treatment arms separated into radiation therapy (RT) only (47 patients) radiation therapy and chemotherapy (Chemo) (78 patients) and radiation therapy, chemotherapy, and misonidazole (Mizo) (24 patients). Pretreatment characteristics of age, prior surgery, performance status, and neurological function classification are identified.Median survival for patients treated with RT only is 3.0 years. Median survival for patients treated with RT + Chemo is 2.3 years, and for patients treated with RT + Chemo/Miso is 1.2 years. Five-year survival rates are 35% for patients treated with RT only, 29% for patients treated with RT + Chemo, and 24% for patients treated with RT + Chemo/Miso.Age and performance status have been identified in previous studies as important prognostic variables and are confirmed in this analysis. Patients treated with misonidazole had a significantly worse prognosis after adjustment for differences in prognostic factors. Addition of chemotherapy did not improve survival except in less favorable prognostic categories. In general, more aggressive treatment regimens are associated with decreased survival compared to conventional postoperative irradiation.
The Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) in Multiple Sclerosis: Relation to Clinical Features

Background: The Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) is quickly becoming the most common clinical screen for cognitive impairment. Cognitive impairment is a frequent symptom of multiple sclerosis (MS) and can be difficult to detect in routine evaluation. Although specific screening measures have been studied and established for use in MS, MS cognitive screening tools may not be implemented in a general neurology setting. Method: The present study sought to characterize the use of the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) a brief measure employed in general neurologic practice for the detection of cognitive impairment in MS. The MoCA, along with other clinical measures, was administered to consecutively-recruited outpatients diagnosed with MS (N=259) to describe the findings and determine the frequency of detection of impairment. A subgroup (n=28) was also administered the oral version of the Symbol Digit Modalities Test (SDMT) as a measure of information processing speed. Results: Participants' mean age was 45.8 ± 13.3 years and were diagnosed with relapsing-remitting MS (66%), secondary-progressive MS (18%), primary progressive MS (10%), clinically isolated syndrome (6%) or radiologically isolated syndrome (<1%). Median EDSS score was 2.5. A total of 41% of the sample scored in the impaired MoCA range (cutoff score of 26) with a mean of 25.86 ±2.92 points. EDSS was the clinical variable that most strongly predicted MoCA score. The combined SDMT and MoCA score led to the strongest prediction of EDSS score. Conclusion: In an outpatient setting where MS-specific cognitive screening is not implemented, the MoCA can be a helpful to identify those MS patients who warrant full neuropsychological evaluation.
Spontaneous and Ligand-induced Trafficking of CXC-Chemokine Receptor 4*

A chimeric protein consisting of CXC-chemokine receptor 4 (CXCR4) and the green fluorescent protein (GFP) was used for studying receptor localization and trafficking in real time in stably transduced HeLa, U-937, CEM, and NIH/3T3 cells. CXCR4-GFP was fully active as a co-receptor in mediating human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) entry. Both CXCR4 and CXCR4-GFP were found to undergo significant spontaneous endocytosis. Only 51.5 ± 7.8% of receptor molecules were found on the plasma membrane in CD4-positive cells, 43.9 ± 8.5% were found in CD4-negative HeLa cells, 75.6 ± 9.7% were found in U-937 cells, 72.5 ± 7.9 were found in CEM cells, and almost none were found in in NIH/3T3 cells. Stromal cell-derived factor-1α induced rapid endocytosis of cell surface receptor molecules. A significant part of CXCR4 was targeted to lysosomes upon binding of the ligands, and recycling of internalized CXCR4 was not efficient. Only about 30% of receptor molecules recycled back to the cell surface in HeLa cells, 5% recycled in U937, and 10% recycled in CEM cells, suggesting that the protective effect of chemokines against HIV infection can be attributed not only to competition for binding but also to depletion of the co-receptor molecules from the cell surface. Envelope glycoprotein gp120 of syncytia-inducing/lymphocyte tropic HIV-1 strains induced rapid internalization of CXCR4 in both CD4-negative and CD4-positive cells, suggesting that gp120 is a high affinity ligand of CXCR4.
SCAI consensus guidelines for device selection in femoral‐popliteal arterial interventions

Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, New York University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado The Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island Seton Heart Institute, Austin, Texas Newton-Wellesley Hospital, Newton, Massachusetts Piedmont Heart Institute, Atlanta, Georgia Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York UT Health Science Center at San Antonio, Texas Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland, Ohio Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina Ochsner Medical Center, New Orleans, Louisiana
What is Social Media and What Questions Can Social Media Research Help Us Answer

This chapter critically engages with the plurality of meanings given to the term social media, ranging from mainstream blogging platforms to niche communication tools. A brief historical overview is first presented of how the term has evolved, showing that in academia it has only gained widespread popularity since the mid-2000s. The chapter then discusses various categorization frameworks available in the literature to examine what applications and platforms are commonly considered a part of the social media spectrum. The chapter ends with a discussion of what kinds of research questions social media scholarship can help answer. We show how social media raises novel methodological and ethical issues linked to its use as a tool for research to aid in data collection, the dissemination of online surveys, and the recruitment of participants. Further, we identify two types of research questions central to social media scholarship: a) those relating to social media use itself, and b) those that inform our understanding of social phenomena. Finally, we propose a framework of social media engagement to explore key domains of analysis and to show the significance of each for providing a holistic understanding of social media adoption, use, and social implications.
The Bromodomain Inhibitor JQ1 Enhances the Responses to All-trans Retinoic Acid in HL-60 and MV4-11 Leukemia Cells

All-trans retinoic acid (ATRA) is a highly effective treatment for acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL), a cytogenetically distinct subtype of acute myeloid leukemia (AML). However, ATRA-based treatment is not effective in other subtypes of AML. In non-APL AML, ATRA signaling pathway is impaired or downmodulated, and consequently fails to respond to pharmacological doses of ATRA. Therefore, complementary treatment strategies are needed to improve ATRA responsiveness in non-APL AML. In this study, we investigated the combined effect of ATRA and bromodomain inhibitor JQ1, proven to have potent anti-cancer activity mainly through inhibition of c-Myc. We showed that the combination of ATRA with JQ1 synergistically inhibited proliferation of AML cells. The synergistic growth inhibition was resulted from differentiation or apoptosis depending on the kind of AML cells. Concomitantly, the combined treatment of ATRA and JQ1 caused greater depletion of c-Myc and hTERT expression than each agent alone in AML cells. Taken together, these findings support the rationale for the use of the combination of ATRA and JQ1 as a therapeutic strategy for the treatment of AML.
Characterization of a Novel Radiolabeled Peptide Selective for a Subpopulation of Voltage-gated Potassium Channels in Mammalian Brain*

BgK, a 37-amino acid voltage-gated potassium (Kv) 1 channel blocker isolated from the sea anemone Bunodosoma granulifera, can be modified at certain positions to alter its pharmacological profile (Alessandri-Haber, N., Lecoq, A., Gasparini, S., Grangier-Macmath, G., Jacquet, G., Harvey, A. L., de Medeiros, C., Rowan, E. G., Gola, M., Ménez, A., and Crest, M. (1999) J. Biol. Chem. 274, 35653–35661). In the present study, we report the design of two BgK analogs that have been radiolabeled with 125INa. Whereas BgK(W5Y/Y26F) and its radiolabeled derivative, 125I-BgK(W5Y/Y26F), bind to Kv1.1, Kv1.2, and Kv1.6 channels with potencies similar to those for the parent peptide, BgK, BgK(W5Y/F6A/Y26F) and its monoiodo-tyrosine derivative, 125I-BgK(W5Y/F6A/Y26F), display a distinctive and unique pharmacological profile; they bind with high affinity to homomultimeric Kv1.1 and Kv1.6 channels, but not to Kv1.2 channels. Interaction of BgK(W5Y/F6A/Y26F) with potassium channels depends on the nature of a residue in the mouth of the channel, at a position that determines channel sensitivity to external tetraethylammonium. In native brain tissue, 125I-BgK(W5Y/F6A/Y26F) binds to a population of Kv1 channels that appear to consist of at least two sensitive (Kv1.1 and/or Kv1.6) subunits, in adjacent position. Given its unique pharmacological properties,125I-BgK(W5Y/F6A/Y26F) represents a new tool for studying subpopulations of Kv1 channels in native tissues.
Restriction and modification in Bacillus subtilis: DNA methylation potential of the related bacteriophages Z, SPR, SP beta, phi 3T, and rho 11

The DNA methylation capacity and some other properties of the related temperate Bacillus subtilis phages Z, SPR, SP beta, phi 3T, and rho 11 are compared. With phage mutants affected in their methylation potential, we show that phage-coded methyltransferase genes are interchangeable among the phages studied. DNA/DNA hybridization experiments indicate that phage methyltransferase genes are structurally related, whereas no such relationship is observed to a bacterial gene, specifying a methyltransferase with the same specificity.
Entrepreneurial education, self-efficacy and intentions in Sub-Saharan Africa

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to examine the mediating role of entrepreneurial self-efficacy (ESE) in the relationship between entrepreneurship education and intention in Ghana, Africa. Design/methodology/approach In all, 357 questionnaires from final year undergraduate students at a public university in Ghana are analysed using linear multiple regression. Findings The study reveals that entrepreneurship knowledge acquisition and opportunity recognition as dimensions of entrepreneurship education positively affect entrepreneurial intention (EI) and self-efficacy. Also, ESE increases the development of EI. The results further show that ESE mediated the relationship between the two measures of entrepreneurship education and EI. Practical implications The findings imply that when students are exposed to entrepreneurship knowledge and opportunity recognition skills via entrepreneurship education, they can develop high ESE and intention to engage in venture creation. Findings therefore urge stakeholders in the education sector in Africa to formulate policy guidelines for the design and teaching of entrepreneurship education. Such policies and guidelines should emphasise more students’ acquisition of adequate knowledge in venture creation and management, and the development of skills for identifying business opportunities while instilling confidence in their abilities to become successful entrepreneurs. Originality/value The mediating role of ESE in the relationship between entrepreneurship education and intention has been under-researched globally not just in Africa. Hence, this first study to the best of the knowledge in a Sub-Saharan African context, contributes further empirical evidence by demonstrating that ESE is a central psychological mechanism that can convert entrepreneurship education into EI. Besides, the study defies some of the findings in advanced economies by indicating that a theoretical entrepreneurship education course in Africa may work differently than in advanced economies and may actually foster the development of EI unlike in advanced economies.
Dabigatran Concentration: Variability and Potential Bleeding Prediction In “Real–Life” Patients With Atrial Fibrillation

Routine laboratory monitoring is currently not recommended in patients receiving dabigatran despite its considerable variation in plasma concentration. However, in certain clinical situations, measurements of the dabigatran effect may be desirable. We aimed to assess the variability of dabigatran trough and peak concentration and explore the potential relationship between dabigatran concentration and adverse events. We included 44 patients with atrial fibrillation who started treatment with dabigatran 150 mg (D150) or 110 mg (D110) twice daily. They contributed 170 trough and peak blood samples that were collected 2–4 and 6–8 weeks after dabigatran initiation. Plasma dabigatran concentration was measured by LC‐MS/MS and indirectly, by selected coagulation tests. D110 patients were older (74 ± 7 versus 68 ± 6 years), had lower creatinine clearance (68 ± 21 versus 92 ± 24 mL/min) and higher CHA2DS2‐VASc score (3.1 ± 1.3 versus 2.3 ± 0.9) compared to D150 patients (all p < 0.05), but both had similar dabigatran concentrations in both trough and peak samples. Dabigatran concentrations varied less in trough than in peak samples (17.0 ± 13.6 versus 26.6 ± 19.2%, p = 0.02). During the 12‐month follow‐up, 4 patients on D150 and 6 on D110 suffered minor bleeding. There was no major bleeding or thromboembolic event. Patients with bleeding had significantly higher average trough dabigatran concentrations (93 ± 36 versus 72 ± 62 μg/L, p = 0.02) than patients without bleeding, while peak dabigatran values had no predictive value. Dabigatran dose selection according to the guidelines resulted in appropriate trough concentrations with acceptable repeatability. High trough concentrations may predispose patients to the risk of minor bleeding.
The effects of dexmedetomidine on myogenic motor evoked potentials in rabbits.

BACKGROUND Dexmedetomidine is used in the perioperative management of patients, including as an intraoperative adjuvant. The effects of dexmedetomidine on myogenic motor evoked potentials (MEPs) remain undetermined. We conducted the present study to investigate the effects of dexmedetomidine on myogenic MEPs in rabbits. METHODS New Zealand white rabbits were used for the studies. First, to determine appropriate doses of dexmedetomidine as an adjunct for anesthesia in rabbits, the level of anesthesia was evaluated by testing the palpebral and limb withdrawal reflexes, and the reactions to ear pinching and tail clamp at 5, 25, 50, 100 microg/kg/h. Second, in 10 rabbits under ketamine and fentanyl anesthesia, myogenic MEPs in response to single pulse and a train-of-five pulses were recorded from the soleus muscle before, during, and after the administration of dexmedetomidine at 5, 25, and 50 microg/kg/h. RESULTS At 50 microg/kg/h of dexmedetomidine, palpebral reflex, limb reflex, and reaction to ear pinching were inhibited in >50% of animals, but the reaction to tail clamp was not reduced. Dexmedetomidine suppressed myogenic MEPs in a dose-dependent manner, but when multipulses were used for stimulation, myogenic MEPs could be recorded in all animals at 50 microg/kg/h. CONCLUSIONS As long as multipulse is used for stimulation, the recording of myogenic MEPs is feasible in rabbits under ketamine and fentanyl anesthesia during the administration of dexmedetomidine at doses that are an adjunct to anesthesia.
Contagion between Islamic and Conventional Banks in Malaysia: Empirical Investigation using a DCC-GARCH Model العدوى بين البنوك الإسلامية والتقليدية في ماليزيا: تحقيق تجريبي بواسطة نموذج (DCC-GARCH)

The purpose of this paper is to compare the stability, in terms of contagion, of conventional and Islamic banks in Malaysia. We use a DCC-GARCH model to estimate the dynamic conditional correlation (a measure of financial contagion) for a sample of one Islamic bank and eight conventional banks during the period from March 31, 2004 to March 18, 2014. From the empirical findings, we show that the conditional correlation between the returns of conventional and Islamic banks in Malaysia increased during the period of financial crisis. This finding implies the existence of a financial contagion effect between Islamic and conventional banks in Malaysia. Also, we find that financial contagion represents a major factor for the transmission of risk between Islamic and conventional banks. يهدف هذا البحث إلى مقارنة الاستقرار من حيث العدوى بين البنوك الإسلامية والتقليدية. نقترح في هذا الصدد دراسة تجربة لتقييم وجود تأثير العدوى بين البنوك الإسلامية والتقليدية في ماليزيا. وذلك باستخدام نموذج "دسس قارش" لتقدير الارتباط المشروط لعينة تتكون من بنك إسلامي واحد و ثمانية بنوك تقليدية و تمتد فترة الدراسة من 31 مارس 2004م إلى 18 مارس 2014م. لتقدير الارتباط المشروط الديناميكي كمقياس للعدوى المالية. ومن خلال النتائج التجريبية، يمكننا أن نتبين أن الارتباط بين عائدات البنوك التقليدية والإسلامية في ماليزيا زاد في فترة الأزمة المالية. وتشير هذه النتيجة إلى وجود عدوى مالية بين البنوك الإسلامية والتقليدية في ماليزيا. وفي الختام، يمكن أن نقول أن العدوى المالية تمثل عاملا رئيسيا لنقل المخاطر بين البنوك الإسلامية و التقليدية.
Treatment of hepatitis C virus infection in patients with mixed cryoglobulinemic syndrome and cryoglobulinemic glomerulonephritis

Cryoglobulinemia is a common extrahepatic manifestation of infection with hepatitis C virus (HCV). When signs and symptoms of systemic vasculitis or glomerulonephritis occur in the presence of circulating cryoglobulins, this syndrome is called “mixed cryoglobulinemia syndrome” (MCS). Historically, interferon‐based therapies in HCV have been associated with lower rates of viral cure in patients with MCS than in the general HCV‐infected population. The advent of direct‐acting antiviral therapies have revolutionized the treatment of HCV, dramatically increasing rates of cure. Early studies of first‐generation protease inhibitors (telaprevir and boceprevir) in combination with interferon and ribavirin demonstrated HCV cure rates of 67% and complete clinical response rates of vasculitis symptoms in 60% of patients with MCS; however, regimens were poorly tolerated by patients, 22% discontinued treatment early. More recently, all‐oral, interferon‐free regimens have become available and combination therapies are now being approved for patients with and without renal impairment. Patients with HCV‐MCS achieved sustained virologic response in 297 out of 313 patients (95%) treated with direct‐acting antiviral therapy, and 85% had a complete or partial clinical response of MCS symptoms. Current direct‐acting antiviral therapies are well tolerated in patients with HCV‐MCS and only 1.6% discontinued treatment early. Patients with cryoglobulinemic glomerulonephritis also had an excellent cure rate (94%). The majority improved; 17/52 (33%) experienced full remission and 15/52 (29%) experienced partial remission. There were no reports of worsening kidney function in patients treated with direct‐acting antiviral therapies. Less than 5% of patients with HCV‐MCS treated with IFN‐free direct‐acting antiviral therapy required immunosuppression. However, patients with severe vasculitis appear to still require concomitant immunosuppression.