Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The role of nitrogen in cytosolic pH regulation in Saccharomyces cerevisiae

pH is not constant throughout growth. Orij et al. identified cytosolic pH (pHc) as a signal that controls growth rate in the yeast baker model Saccharomyces cerevisiae [1]. Since most of biological relevant molecules are weak acids or bases, their protonation state can change in response to the intracellular pH behavior. cAMP-dependent Protein Kinase A (PKA) pathway controls cellular growth and can regulate cytosolic pH based on glucose availability. Target of Rapamycin (TOR) pathway also controls growth and protein genesis but in response to nitrogen, thus we asked whether this nutrient has also a role on pHc regulation. To assess this question we monitored growth and pHc of cells growing in different amounts of nitrogen and different nitrogen sources. Along this study, we identified that the concentration of nitrogen present during growth determines the extension of the acidification of the cytosol after cells naturally depleted glucose: cells growing in higher concentrations of nitrogen tend to have a lower pHc. We also performed artificial starvations and in most cases glucose starvation experiments mimicked growth curves. We tried to link nitrogen availability to pHc regulation via TORC1 pathway performing treatments with rapamycin. This is an immunosuppressant that inhibits TORC1 activity. Based on our results we discarded the hypothesis that this complex mediates the nitrogen effect on pHc regulation.
Real or unreal?: an evaluation setting for emotional characters using unreal technology

This paper sketches a setup to perform user experience tests on game characters which act emotionally based on their personality and situation. The test setting is primarily designed to benchmark Nemesys, a system designed to elicit emotions based on an artificial neural network that is able to learn six basic emotional states. Nemesys is based on models drawn from the state of the art in modeling emotions in the field of psychology and also includes the Five-Factor Model of Personality to represent different personalities.The test and application scenario employs the commercial 3D game engine from Unreal Tournament 2003, a stereoscopic projecting of the scene and biofeedback measurements of the affective state of the player.
cDNA Cloning, Tissue Distribution, and Subcellular Localization of Horseshoe Crab Big Defensin

A full-length cDNA for horseshoe crab big defensin with a strong antimicrobial activity was obtained from a hemocyte cDNA library. The open reading frame of the cDNA coded for an NH2-terminal signal sequence followed by a propeptide and the mature big defensin. The propeptide is linked to the mature protein through an -Arg-X-Lys/Arg-Arg- motif, the processing site for Kex2-like proteases. Northern blot analysis revealed that big defensin is expressed in all the tissues tested, suggesting that big defensin plays an important role not only in hemocytes but also in other tissues for host defense. The subcellular localization, determined by immunocytochemistry at ultrastructural level, confirmed the previous findings obtained by biochemical analysis that big defensin locates in both small and large granules in hemocytes. Big defensin is the first example to demonstrate the existence of broad tissue distribution in horseshoe crab.
Company valuation under IFRS : interpreting and forecasting accounts using international financial reporting standards

Chapter One - It's not just cash accounts matter 1. Introduction - Valuation refresher 2. Distributions, returns and growth 3. Cash, accruals and profits 4. The Economic Profit model 5. The real world of specific forecasts 6. Introducing debt Chapter Two - WACC - Forty years on 1. Risk and Return 2. Diversification and portfolio effects 3. The problem of growth 4. Leverage and the cost of equity 5. Building in tax shelters 6. Time varying WACC 7. The walking wounded - real options and capital arbitrage 8. International markets and foreign exchange rates 9. Conclusions on discount rates Chapter Three - What do we mean by 'return'? 1. IRR versus NPV 2. Calculating CFROI 3. Another approach: CROCI 4. Uses and abuses of ROCE Chapter Four - Key issues in accounting and their treatment under IFRS 1. Revenue recognition and measurement 2. Stock options 3. Taxation 4. Accounting for pension obligations 5. Provisions 6. Leasing 7. Derivatives 8. Fixed assets 9. Foreign exchange Chapter Five - Valuing a company 1. Building a forecast 2. Ratios and scenarios 3. Building a valuation 4. Frequent problems 5. Three period models 6. Conclusions regarding basic industrials Chapter Six - The awkward squad 1. Utilities 2. Resource extraction companies 3. Banks 4. Insurance companies 5. Property companies Chapter Seven - An introduction to consolidation 1. Introduction 2. Treatment of Investments 3. Methods of consolidation 4. Further issues in consolidation 5. Accounting for associates and joint ventures 6. Purchase accounting and uniting of interests 7. Foreign subsidiaries 8. Accounting for disposals 9. Modelling mergers and acquisitions Chapter Eight - Conclusions and continuations 1. Conclusions 2. Continuations Further reading Appendices IAS or IFRS in, or coming into, force IFRS in Emerging Markets Chinese Accounting Standards - major differences with IFRS Analysis formulae Index
The Efficient Market Hypothesis through the Eyes of an Artificial Technical Analyst: An Application of a New Chartist Methodology to High-Frequency Stock Market Data

The academic literature has been reluctant to accept technical analysis as a rational strategy of traders in …nancial markets. In practice traders and analysts heavily use technical analysis to make investment decisions. To resolve this incongruence the aim of this study is to translate technical analysis into a rigorous formal framework and to investigate its potential failure or success. To avoid subjectivism we design an Arti…cial Technical Analyst. The empirical study presents the evidence of past market ine¢ ciencies observed on the Tokyo Stock Exchange. The market can be perceived as ine¢ cient if the technical analyst’s transaction costs are below the break-even level derived from technical analysis.
Hepatic cirrhosis and intracranial hemorrhage: Significance of the association in 53 pathological cases

Rde ren ces McLain LW Jr, Martin JT, Allen JH: Cerebellar degeneration due to chronic phenytoin therapy. Ann Neurol7:18-23, 1980 Salcman M, Defendini R, Correll J, Gilman G: Neuropathological changes in cerebellar biopsies of epileptic patients. Ann Neurol 3:lO-19, 1978 Victor M, Adams RD, Mancall E L A restricted form of cerebellar cortical degeneration occurring in alcoholic patients. Arch Neurol 1:579-688, 1959
Radiobiological basis in management of accidental radiation exposure

Purpose: With increasing utilisation of nuclear technologies in power production, medical and industrial applications, and in a scenario of nuclear terrorism/war, there is an enhanced likelihood of accidental radiation exposure to occupational workers, patients and public. The consequent health effects of the radiation exposure are resultant of interaction of radiation with biological systems and subsequent radiation injury. The present review discusses the knowledge gained in radiation biology that can be exploited for better treatment and management of radiation accident victims. Results: In comparison with planned radiation exposure during diagnosis/therapy, the management of accidental radiation exposure is quite complicated due to uncertainties in dose, duration, organs involved and radionuclides internalised, and hence, require multi-faceted approaches. However, the options available for dosimetry, decorporation of radionuclides and therapeutic protocols of patients are limited, which provides substantial scope in these areas of research. Moreover, there is a need to fill the gaps in knowledge of radiation action in different dose ranges and post-irradiation windows, which would help in improving therapeutic approaches. Cytogenetic approaches are ‘gold standard’ for biodosimetry but with limited applications in mass casualty scenario. State-of-the-art technological advancement and high throughput in metabolomics, proteomics and genomics could be employed successfully in developing better biodosimetry for triage in accidental radiation exposure. Furthermore, identification of targets at organs/organelles level of internalised radionuclides would be helpful to develop effective decorporation strategies. Despite substantial research investigating several agents, which could modify radiation effects, only a few could reach up to practical application due to poor bioavailability or toxicity. Conclusions: Deeper insight into the mechanisms of radiation injury under accidental radiation conditions would be helpful in achieving better biodosimetry, decorporation strategies and improvement in prevention/post-irradiation management of radiation accident patients.
Kinin B1 receptor regulates interactions between neutrophils and endothelial cells by modulating the levels of Mac-1, LFA-1 and intercellular adhesion molecule-1

Kinins are pro-inflammatory peptides that mimic the cardinal features of inflammation. We examined the concept that expression levels of endothelial intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) and neutrophil integrins Mac-1 and LFA-1 are modulated by the kinin B1 receptor (B1R) agonist, Lys-des[Arg9]bradykinin (LDBK). Stimulation of endothelial cells with LDBK increased the levels of ICAM-1 mRNA transcripts/protein, and also of E-selectin and platelet endothelial adhesion molecule-1. ICAM-1 levels increased in a magnitude comparable with that produced by TNF-α. This stimulatory effect was reduced when endothelial cells, which had been previously transfected with a B1R small interfering RNA, were stimulated with LDBK, under comparable conditions. Similarly, LDBK produced a significant increase in protein levels of LFA-1 and Mac-1 integrins in human neutrophils, an effect that was reversed by pretreatment of cells with 10 µg/ml cycloheximide or a B1R antagonist. Functional experiments performed with post-confluent monolayers of endothelial cells stimulated with LDBK and neutrophils primed with TNF-α, and vice versa, resulted in enhanced adhesiveness between both cells. Neutralizing Abs to ICAM-1 and Mac-1 reduced the adhesion between them. Our results indicate that kinin B1R is a novel modulator that promotes adhesion of leukocytes to endothelial cells, critically enhancing the movement of neutrophils from the circulation to sites of inflammation.
New approaches to receiver operating characteristic methods in functional magnetic resonance imaging with real data using repeated trials

Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) methods are useful tools for evaluating the sensitivity and specificity of various postprocessing algorithms used in fMRI data analysis. New ROC methods using real fMRI data are proposed that improve a previously introduced method by Le and Hu (Le and Hu, NMR Biomed 1997;10:160–164). The proposed methods provide more accurate means of estimating the true ROC curve from real data and thereby aid in the comparative evaluation of a wide range of postprocessing tools in fMRI. The mathematical relationships between different ROC curves are explored for a comparison of different ROC methods. Examples using real and simulated data are provided to illustrate the ideas involved. Magn Reson Med 52:1424–1431, 2004. © 2004 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Effects of Superantigen and Lipopolysaccharide on Induction of CD80 through Apoptosis of Human Monocytes

ABSTRACT To investigate the mechanisms underlying superantigen (SAg) stimulation, we analyzed the effect of SAg on monocyte responses with or without lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Addition of gamma interferon (IFN-γ) to unstimulated cultures induced a marked increase in the number of CD80+ monocytes, which was inhibited by LPS through the action of interleukin-10. However, CD80+monocytes began to increase before IFN-γ production, observed after 9 h of stimulation with staphylococcal enterotoxin B (SEB). SEB selectively increased the number of apoptotic CD80−monocytes, whereas LPS-treated monocytes were resistant to the apoptotic action of SEB. This SEB-induced killing was abrogated by anti-CD95 monoclonal antibody (MAb) ZB4 and anti-CD95 ligand (CD95L) MAb NOK2, suggesting a CD95-based pathway of apoptosis. Furthermore, the numbers of SEB-induced CD80+ monocytes were partially decreased by anti-CD119 (IFN-γ receptor) MAb and by anti-CD95L (NOK2) MAb. The CD30 expression of CD27high T cells induced by SEB was increased by agonistic anti-CD95 (CH11) MAb. Together, our findings showed that SEB-induced monocyte apoptosis is closely associated with the enrichment of CD80+ monocytes generated before IFN-γ production, followed by up-regulation of CD80 by IFN-γ, and that LPS has negative effects in both cases. These results also suggested that induction of monocyte apoptosis is an important mechanism by which SAg exerts its anti-inflammatory effects.
Governance Practices Among Nonprofit Organizations Contracting with New York City

New York City provides many of its services via contracts with nonprofit agencies. In this paper, we report on a recent survey of the governance practices of those agencies. The survey collected information from the Executive Directors of over 400 city contractors and more than 4000 of the board members of those organizations. The paper uses these data to compare governance practices at these organizations with national bench marks, and to analyze the sources of differences in governance. Our results suggest that governance practices vary considerably by size and structure of agencies, and that differences in governance have significant effects on the behavior of individual board members.
Interaction of Viagra with the NO Donors Molsidomine and RE 2047 with Regard to Antithrombotic and Blood Pressure Lowering Activities

After p.o. administration to rats in doses up to 30 mg/kg, Viagra showed no antithrombotic effect. However, it enhanced the inhibition of thrombus formation by RE 2047 from 9% to 17% (5 + 5 mg/kg) or 19% to 27% (10 + 10 mg/kg) in arterioles. This effect was even more obvious in venules where an inhibition of 9% (5 + 5 mg/kg) or 15% (10 + 10 mg/kg) was seen whereas the individual drugs had no effect. The antithrombotic activity of molsidomine was not altered. The blood presssure (b.p.) of spontaneously hypertensive rats was reduced by the combination of Viagra and RE 2047 (5 + 5 mg/kg) to 94% of normal after 2 h while the individual drugs had no effect at this dose. The coadminstration of 10 mg/kg of each drug reduced the b.p. to 87% of normal. The combination of Viagra with molsidomine decreased b.p. to 84% (5 + 5 mg/kg) or 79% (10 + 10 mg/kg), respectively.
Effect of unconventional oilseeds (safflower, poppy, hemp, camelina) on in vitro ruminal methane production and fermentation.

BACKGROUND Dietary supplementation with oilseeds can reduce methane emission in ruminants, but only a few common seeds have been tested so far. This study tested safflower (Carthamus tinctorius), poppy (Papaver somniferum), hemp (Cannabis sativa), and camelina (Camelina sativa) seeds in vitro using coconut (Cocos nucifera) oil and linseed (Linum usitatissimum) as positive controls. RESULTS All the tested oilseeds suppressed methane yield (mL g-1 dry matter, up to 21%) compared to the non-supplemented control when provided at 70 g oil kg-1 dry matter, and they were as effective as coconut oil. Safflower and hemp were more effective than linseed (21% and 18% vs. 10%), whereas the effects of poppy and camelina were similar to linseed. When methane was related to digestible organic matter, only hemp and safflower seeds and coconut oil were effective compared to the non-supplemented control (up to 11%). The level of methanogenesis and the ratios of either the n-6:n-3 fatty acids or C18:2 :C18:3 in the seed lipids were not related. CONCLUSION Unconventional oilseeds widen the spectrum of oilseeds that can be used in dietary methane mitigation. In vivo confirmation of their methane mitigating effect is still needed, and their effects on animal performance still must be determined. © 2017 Society of Chemical Industry.
ANATOMY OF A DOT-COM

SUBTITLE: FROM THE VERY BEGINNING, SUPPLY CHAIN MANAGEMENT WAS TO BE A CORE COMPETENCY OF KOZMO. THE PROMISING DOT-COM WOULD DELIVER YOUR ORDER -- EVERYTHING FROM THE LATEST VIDEO TO ELECTRONICS EQUIPMENT -- IN LESS THAN AN HOUR. THE TECHNOLOGY WAS SUPERIOR, THE EMPLOYEES WERE ENTHUSIASTIC, THE CUSTOMERS WERE SATISFIED. BUT EVENTUALLY, KOZMO RAN OUT OF TIME AND MONEY. HERE'S A FIRST-PERSON ACCOUNT OF WHAT HAPPENED.
Extraction and Quantification of Solutes in Solidified Agar Culture Media

A method is described for determining the concentration of certain solutes in solidified culture media. The method is based upon the finding that under specified conditions the concentration of solute in an agar gel (Cg) is related to the concentration of solute in a centrifugally extracted gel supernatant (Cs) by the ratio, Cg/Cs, which is characteristic for each solute. The method avoids direct assays of the gels and instead involves assaying the supernatants from inoculated and uninoculated (control) gels with conventional liquid assay techniques and then calculating solute concentrations in the inoculated gels by use of the Cg/Cs ratios determined from the controls. Uninoculated agar gels containing known concentrations of various solutes and similar gels inoculated with Neurospora crassa or Escherichia coli were centrifuged at various times, and the supernatants were assayed for solute concentrations. The solute concentrations in the supernatants from the inoculated gels multiplied by the Cg/Cs ratios for those solutes determined at the same times for the uninoculated controls gave calculated solute concentrations in the inoculated gels. The differences between these calculated solute concentrations and those initially present in the inoculated gels indicated the amounts of solutes utilized from the gels by the microorganisms at various incubation times.
The State of Private Pensions: Current 5500 Data

Every year, pension plan sponsors are required to file a return with the U.S. Department of Labor. These returns, known as the Form 5500 series, contain detailed information about the plans' finances, participants, and administrators that allows government agencies to monitor compliance with the Employee Retirement Income Security Act (ERISA) and the Internal Revenue Code. The comprehensive nature of the Form 5500 series makes them a primary source for examining the state of the private pension world: from participation rates to financial health to 401(k) investment in company stock to the size of employer contributions - it is all there. Unfortunately, these rich data are not available in a timely manner. The data from the Private Pension Plan Bulletins Abstract of Form 5500 Annual Reports - the official tabulations put out by the Department of Labor commonly used by practitioners and researchers - have a five-year lag. Sponsors have up to ten months to file the forms, and it can take up to two years to convert the raw forms, which generally are filed in paper, into a manageable and complete dataset. Then, these data must be cleaned, analyzed, and tabulated. The resulting lag meant that as of early 2006, official tabulations were available only up to 2000. This brief uses raw 5500 Form data from the Department of Labor to extend the tabulations to 2003 - the latest year in which the datasets are available. The estimations are done for the 1990-2003 period, and are presented as a data appendix to this brief. The 1990-2000 numbers match closely those from official reports; the 2001-2003 calculations bring the tabulations as up-to-date as currently possible. Using these recent data, this brief highlights trends that are impossible to observe in the current official releases: a notable increase in pension contributions for defined benefit plans; the decline and recovery of pension assets in the 2001-2003 period; the continued use of cash balance plans; and the sustained move in coverage towards defined contribution plans.
O alinhamento das estratégias de negócio e de tecnologia da informação e o desempenho de negócio nas montadoras do RS

IX 1 INTRODUÇÃO . 10 1.1 OBJETIVOS . 14 1.1.1 Objetivo Geral: . 14 1.1. 2 Objetivos Específicos . 14 2 A TECNOLOGIA DA INFORMAÇÃO E A ECONOMIA . 15 2.1 A TECNOLOGIA DA INFORMAÇÃO E SUA RELEVÂNCIA . 15 2.2 O VALOR DA TECNOLOGIA DA INFORMAÇÃO PARA OS NEGÓCIOS . 18 3 ALINHAMENTO DE ESTRATÉGIAS DE NEGÓCIOS E DE TI . 21 3.1 A INFLUÊNCIA DA TI . 23 3.2 A ANÁLISE DE ALINHAMENTO . 24 3.2.1 Avaliação da Estratégia de Negócios . 25 3.2.2 Avaliação das Estratégias de Tecnologia da Informação. 28 3.2. 3 Avaliação de Alinhamento . 31 3.3 AVALIAÇÃO DO DESEMPENHO DE NEGÓCIO . 35 4 A INDÚSTRIA AUTOMOBILÍSTICA . 39 4.1 O USO DE TI PELA INDÚSTRIA AUTOMOBILÍSTICA . 42 5 MÉTODOS E PROCEDIMENTOS . 45 5.1 VARIÁVEIS E CASOS . 45 5.1.1 Alinhamento Estratégia de Negócio com a Estratégia de TI: . 45 5.1. 2 Desempenho de Negócio . 47 5.1. 3 Casos . 47 5.2 FONTES DE DADOS . 48 5.3 PROCEDIMENTO DE COLETA DE DADOS . 48 5.4 PROCEDIMENTO DE ANÁLISE DOS DADOS . 51 5.5 LIMITAÇÕES . 52 6 ANÁLISE . 54 6.1 EMPRESA A . 54 6.1.1 Alinhamento da Estratégia de Negócio com Estratégia de TI . 54 6.1. 2 Desempenho de Negócio . 57 6.1. 3 Síntese da empresa A . 59 6.2 EMPRESA B . 60 6.2.1 Alinhamento da Estratégia de Negócio com Estratégia de TI . 60 6.2.2 Desempenho de Negócio . 65 6.2. 3 Síntese da empresa B . 67
Classification of Left Main Coronary Obstruction—Feasibility of Surgical Angioplasty and Survival after Coronary Artery Bypass Surgery

Angiographies of 384 patients who had coronary artery bypass surgery because of left main coronary artery (LMCA) obstruction during 1970–1989 were reviewed by analysing the pathology, feasibility of surgical angioplasty and survival. Complete LMCA occlusion was found in 2%, proximal ostial stenosis in 9%, mid-shaft stenosis in 24%, circular stenosis in 25% and distal bifurcation stenosis in 40% of the patients. Patients with an ostial stenosis were younger, more often women with less coronary artery disease and less calcified obstructions. Surgical angioplasty could have been an option in 22% of the patients. Early mortality was higher in patients with (4.7%) than in those without (1.9%) LMCA obstruction. The relative risk (RR) of early death was 1.9 (95% CL 1.1–3.5) after adjustment for patient characteristics. Similarly, the RR at 10 years was 1.3 (95% CL 1.0–1.6). LMCA obstruction was associated with an early and long-term increased mortality after surgery compared to patients without LMCA obstruction.
Factors associated with functioning style and coping strategies of families with a child with an autism spectrum disorder

A survey of parents/caregivers of a child with an autism spectrum disorder (ASD) was conducted to examine the relationship between ASD characteristics, family functioning and coping strategies. Having a child with ASD places considerable stress on the family. Primary caregivers of a child with ASD from a regional and rural area in Victoria, Australia (N = 53) were surveyed concerning their child with ASD, family functioning (adaptability and cohesion), marital satisfaction, self-esteem and coping strategies. Results suggest that these caregivers had healthy self-esteem, although they reported somewhat lower marital happiness, family cohesion and family adaptability than did norm groups. Coping strategies were not significant predictors of these outcome variables. Results highlight the need for support programmes to target family and relationship variables as well as ASD children and their behaviours, in order to sustain the family unit and improve quality of life for parents and caregivers as well as those children.