Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Vitamin D deficiency among postmenopausal women with low trauma acute hip fracture compared to those with fractures due to high energy trauma

Received: November 2011, Accepted: August 2012 Background: There is no data available regarding vitamin D status among patients with hip fractures in Iran. This study aimed to determine whether postmenopausal women with low trauma hip fractures have lower vitamin D levels comparing to the control group. Materials and Methods: Vitamin D (25-OHD) level and the prevalence of hypovitaminosis D among 73 postmenopausal women with fracture of the hip (caused by low trauma) was compared to this level among 76 controls (patients with high energy traumatic fracture of hip) in Zanjan province of Iran. Eligible patients were recruited consecutively and interviewed by trained interviewers, using a structured questionnaire. Blood samples were taken within 48 hours of the fracture and the 25-OHD level was measured. Results: Vitamin D deficiency (< 50 nmol/L) was observed in 47.7% of patients in the case group and 43.3% of women in the control group. There was no significant difference in mean 25-OHD levels and the rate of 25-OHD deficiency between the two groups. Conclusion: Vitamin D deficiency was not more prevalent among postmenopausal women with low trauma hip fracture. The present study does not support the role of vitamin D in fragility of the hip.
Effects of physical fragmentation on remineralization of marine snow

The vast majority of carbon lost from ocean surface waters sinks as large, relatively rare, marine snow and fecal pellets. Fragmentation of these particles into more slowly sinking daughter particles has been proposed previously to partly explain the rapid loss of sinking carbon below the mixed layer. In this study we investigated 2 other less obvious potential consequences of aggregate disruption, namely the release of dissolved interstitial compounds upon fragmentation and accelerated degradation due to increased particle surface area. We found that upon fragmentation natural marine aggregates, ranging in size from 3 to 6 mm diameter, released dissolved organic carbon (DOC) (mean 0.12 μmol aggregate -1 ) and nitrate (mean of 0.013 pmol aggregate -1 ) into surrounding seawater, making these nutrients available to free-living biota. Filtration of whole aggregates failed to result in an equivalent release, suggesting that marine snow may not be as leaky as expected based on high aggregate porosity. Decomposition of aggregate particulate organic carbon (POC) to DOC was similar for whole and fragmented aggregates ranging from 0.6 to 0.9 μmol POC aggregate -1 d -1 , resulting in calculated aggregate POC turnover times of 2 to 11 d. Remineralization of DOC was also similar for both aggregate treatments and suggested a tight coupling between solubilization and uptake by attached bacteria. Our results indicate that the longer residence times predicted for smaller aggregates in the mixed layer, rather than changes in decomposition rate, may be the most influential impact of aggregate fragmentation on reduction of particle flux to depth.
Affine Formation Maneuver Control of Multiagent Systems

A multiagent formation control task usually consists of two subtasks. The first is to steer the agents to form a desired geometric pattern, and the second is to achieve desired collective maneuvers so that the centroid, orientation, scale, and other geometric parameters of the formation can be changed continuously. This paper proposes a novel affine formation maneuver control approach to achieve the two subtasks simultaneously. The proposed approach relies on stress matrices, which can be viewed as generalized graph Laplacian matrices with both positive and negative edge weights. The proposed control laws can track any target formation that is a time-varying affine transformation of a nominal configuration. The centroid, orientation, scales in different directions, and even geometric pattern of the formation can all be changed continuously. The desired formation maneuvers are only known by a small number of agents called leaders, and the rest of the agents called followers only need to follow the leaders. The proposed control laws are globally stable and do not require global reference frames if the required measurements can be measured in each agent's local reference frame.
Mechanical behavior of concrete cold joints

A smooth cold joint of concrete is an untreated weak plane caused by an interruption of the casting process, which can significantly affect the performance of a structural system. In this paper, the problem of the generation of cold joints is approached from two complementary perspectives. a) The loss of resistance due to the occurrence of cold joints is quantified through an extensive experimental program of concrete cylinders and b) a constitutive model is proposed and its performance is analyzed to simulate the time-dependent behavior of concrete under load (viscosity) and no load (setting). A loss of resistance over 30% for cold concrete cylinders with diagonal joints was found, while concrete cylinders with horizontal cold joints had no loss of resistance. Thus, the loss of resistance depends on the orientation of the cold joint with respect to the direction of the main stresses. This aspect is explained by the proposed constitutive model of viscous–reactive type, which is able to simulate the results of the experimental program. This work opens the possibility of numerical modeling of boundary value problems of structures with a cold joint and to study their influence on the structure’s overall stability.
Finite thermoelastoplasticity and creep under small elastic strains

A mathematical model for an elastoplastic continuum subject to large strains is presented. The inelastic response is modelled within the frame of rate-dependent gradient plasticity for non-simple materials. Heat diffuses through the continuum by the Fourier law in the actual deformed configuration. Inertia makes the nonlinear problem hyperbolic. The modelling assumption of small elastic Green–Lagrange strains is combined in a thermodynamically consistent way with the possibly large displacements and large plastic strain. The model is amenable to a rigorous mathematical analysis. The existence of suitably defined weak solutions and a convergence result for Galerkin approximations is proved.
We present four sets of ultraviolet images of Ganymede acquired with the Hubble Space

[1] We present four sets of ultraviolet images of Ganymede acquired with the Hubble Space Telescope (HST) from 1998 to 2007, all of which show auroral emission from electron excited atomic oxygen. The three different hemispheres of Ganymede captured in the observations show strikingly different emission morphologies. Ultraviolet emission at 1356Å is brightest at relatively high latitude on the orbital trailing (upstream plasma) hemisphere and in an auroral oval that extends to as low as ~10 N latitude on the orbital leading (downstream plasma) hemisphere. Two sets of images of the Jupiter-facing hemisphere acquired at nearly the same sub-Earth longitude but separated by ~4 years show very similar emission morphology that is consistent with the pattern of emission seen in the upstream and downstream images: the emission is at high latitude in the upstream quadrant and at low latitude in the downstream quadrant. This implies that the large-scale, nominal “auroral oval” on Ganymede is apparently quite stable with time, despite significant brightness fluctuations within the overall stable pattern during the 10–30min time scale between individual images. The overall emission morphology appears to be driven primarily by the strong Jovian magnetospheric plasma interaction with Ganymede and does not appear to be strongly influenced by the orientation of the background Jovian magnetic field. The observed auroral oval pattern is reasonably well matched by a magnetohydrodymanic (MHD)model optimized to fit the Galileo magnetic field measurements near Ganymede. The location of the auroral oval from these data provides a reasonable match to the location of the well-defined visible boundary of the Ganymede polar cap except in the northern, leading hemisphere.
Adaptation of Formation According to Opponent Analysis

The positional game is an important factor on the path of achieving good results in football. The ability to predict the behavior of the opponent can have a major role in making the correct decisions in a partially observable environment, like robotic football. This work proposes a new method of using the coach and formations, which has not been used in the world so far. The method analyzes the movement of opponents and recommends formation changes to our team. The coach recommends optimal positioning of his players on the playfield based on the statistical analysis of opponent players' position.
NIKE ON INSTAGRAM: THEMES OF BRANDED CONTENT AND THEIR ENGAGEMENT POWER

Instagram is the fastest developing new media of high interest to marketers. As at December 21, 2016, the community included 600 million Instagrammers. This paper explores the problem of whether various themes of branded content differ significantly in their engagement power (ability to generate likes, views, and comments). The methodological approach consists of online monitoring of content in posts of a leading brand, Nike, for its 17 verified-badge Instagram accounts. The study focused on posts during the month of February 2017. The chi-square goodness of fit test (for one variable) was applied in the data analysis stage of the research. The initial hypothesis of significant differences between branded content themes as regards their engagement power was accepted. The practical implications of these findings for marketers include better selection of brand messages for Instagrammers and an increase in engagement levels .
Sensitivity of regional climate to global temperature and forcing

The sensitivity of regional climate to global average radiative forcing and temperature change is important for setting global climate policy targets and designing scenarios. Setting effective policy targets requires an understanding of the consequences exceeding them, even by small amounts, and the effective design of sets of scenarios requires the knowledge of how different emissions, concentrations, or forcing need to be in order to produce substantial differences in climate outcomes. Using an extensive database of climate model simulations, we quantify how differences in global average quantities relate to differences in both the spatial extent and magnitude of climate outcomes at regional (250–1250 km) scales. We show that differences of about 0.3 °C in global average temperature are required to generate statistically significant changes in regional annual average temperature over more than half of the Earth’s land surface. A global difference of 0.8 °C is necessary to produce regional warming over half the land surface that is not only significant but reaches at least 1 °C. As much as 2.5 to 3 °C is required for a statistically significant change in regional annual average precipitation that is equally pervasive. Global average temperature change provides a better metric than radiative forcing for indicating differences in regional climate outcomes due to the path dependency of the effects of radiative forcing. For example, a difference in radiative forcing of 0.5 W m−2 can produce statistically significant differences in regional temperature over an area that ranges between 30% and 85% of the land surface, depending on the forcing pathway.
The Research Progress of User Information Behavior Based on Regulatory Focus Theory

Once the regulatory focus theory based on hedonic principle has been put forward, there was a great repercussion in psychology field. Nowadays, many fields pay more attention to this theory and user information behavior field is in particular. This paper chooses the regulatory focus theory as research target, integrating the formation mechanism and fundamental connotation of this theory, summarizing and analyzing the methods which used in present to measure or induce the regulatory focus with dimension of the formation time of individual regulatory focus in order to provide accordance and ways for the empirical research of regulatory focus theory in future. After that, expounding the basic concept of its theoretical considerations-regulatory fit. Finally, this paper composites the main research achievement of the regulatory focus and its relative theories domestic and overseas from the point of view with user information behavior, expecting to give some help for the research of information science in approaching days.
Nonlinear Prediction of Speech by Echo State Networks

Speech prediction plays a key role in many speech signal processing and speech communication methods. While linear prediction of speech is well-studied, nonlinear speech prediction increasingly receives interest especially with the vast amount of new neural network topologies proposed recently. In this paper, nonlinear speech prediction is conducted by a special kind of recurrent neural network not requiring any training beforehand, the echo state network, which adaptively updates its output layer weights. Simulations show its superior performance compared to other well-known prediction approaches in terms of the prediction gain, exceeding all baselines in all conditions by up to 8 dB.
Function of projective techniques in improving brand personality

The purpose of this paper is to examine four finest perfume brands. Two metaphor based personification methods-mood-boards and job-sorting are employed to study the association that the participants have with the brands. Both methods use open ended assignments to decipher how participants think or feel about the research object in question. The study analyses the congruent validity of the two methods and differences in their ability to personify the chosen brands of deu. Both methods yielded almost similar outcomes, thereby reiterating that the two methods possess congruent validity. The latter part of the paper analyses the brand personality characteristics that were connected to the celebrities and jobs, as identified in the mood-boards and job-sorting exercise respectively. SWOCC Brand Personality Scale, which is a further elaboration of Aaker’s brand personality research, was used to provide a list of the personality characteristics. Key words: Brand personality enhancement, sources of brand personality, brand personality dimensions, SWOCC scale.
Recovering the lost steerability of quantum states within non-Markovian environments by utilizing quantum partially collapsing measurements

In this letter, we mainly investigate the dynamic behavior of quantum steering and how to effectively recover the lost steerability of quantum states within non-Markovian environments. We consider two different cases (one-subsystem or all-subsystem interaction with dissipative environments), and find that the dynamical interaction between a system initialized by a Werner state and a non-Markovian environment can induce quasi-periodic quantum entanglement (concurrence) resurgence, however, quantum steering cannot be retrieved in such a condition. We also find that the resurgent quantum entanglement cannot be utilized to achieve quantum steering. Subsequently, we put forward a feasible physical scheme for recovering the steerability of quantum states within non-Markovian noises by prior weak measurement on each subsystem before interaction with dissipative environments, followed by post weak measurement reversal. It is shown that the steerability of quantum states and fidelity can be effectively restored. Furthermore, the results show that the larger the weak measurement strength, the better the effectiveness of the scheme. Consequently, our investigations might be beneficial to recover the lost steerability of quantum states within non-Markovian regimes.
Impact of NaCl salinity on the germination of Acacia mellifera, Aloe vera, Amaranthus graecizans and Lawsonia inermis plant seeds growing in Saudi Arabia

The present investigation determined the salinity effect on seed germination of Saudi Arabian plant species namely Acacia mellifera, Aloe vera, Amaranthus graecizans and Lawsonia inermis. The response of seeds to different NaCl concentrations varied and the delay in radicle growth was proportional to salt concentration. Acacia mellifera seeds gave their maximum radicle growth after 10 days and the reduction in radicle growth was 92.7% compared to control. The growth of radicle continued for 13 days to record the maximum value in the case of Aloe vera. The delay in radicle growth was lower than that of Acacia mellifera. The radicle growth indicated that the Aloe vera was slightly more tolerant to salinity stress, since the radicle growth recorded at 200% NaCl was reduced by 87.2%. On the other hand, Amaranthus graecizans showed a reduction of 91% in the radicle length at 100% NaCl compared to the control. Lawsonia inermis showed a reduction of 76% in radicle length compared to the control and about 10% lower than that of Aloe. Lawsonia inermis showed the highest germination percentage followed by Aloe vera, Amaranthus graecizans then Acacia mellifera in a descending order. The correlation coefficient calculation between NaCl concentration and percentage germination showed that the strongest relation was found in Lawsonia inermis followed by Aloe vera, Acacia mellifera the Amaranthus graecizans.
Relationship between Board Remuneration and Financial Performance in the Kenyan Financial Services Industry

Board remuneration has attracted considerable interest amongst financial analysts and scholars as it is seen to be a deterrent to financial scandals that have rocked corporates in the 21st Century. This study sought to determine the effect of board remuneration on financial performance, focussing on commercial banks, insurance companies and investment companies listed at the Nairobi Securities Exchange from 2003 to 2013. Grounding the study on the agency theory, the study postulated that board remuneration will positively influence financial performance. Secondary data was obtained from audited financial statements for the 11 years ending 2013. Board remuneration was measured by director annual fees, while financial performance was measured using the proxies; return on assets (ROA), return on equity (ROE), dividend yield (DY), and earnings per share (EPS). A linear regression model was used on pooled cross-sectional time-series data to draw the inferences of the study. The results disclose significant variations in the level of board remuneration across the companies and a significant relationship between board remuneration and DY, but not ROA, ROE, and EPS. When disaggregated to financial market segments, the results confirmed a statistically significant relationship between board remuneration and with dividend yield in the banking sector. The same was not reported for ROA, ROE, and EPS. In the insurance segment, there was a statistical significance between board remuneration and ROA only, while in the investment sector, there was no significant relationship between board remuneration and financial performance measures.
Modeling Framework for Automated Manufacturing Systems Based on Petri Nets and ISA Standards

The coordination of equipment of Automated Manufacturing Systems (AMS’s) has been widely studied by the Discrete-event systems (DES) community, due to the asynchronous and concurrent dynamical behaviours that can be captured by some logical and temporal mathematical structures as Finite State Automata (FSA) or Petri Nets (PN) [1]. The PN formalism has the advantage of a clear graphical description and mathematical support to represent logical dependences, process synchronization, resource allocation, etc. avoiding in this way, the exponential state growth of the FSA in the modelling of real AMS’s [2, 3].
Hieroglyphic Literacy in Ancient Mayaland: Inferences From Linguistic Data

If a project bibliography is requested, it is intended to reveal your familiarity with the relevant literature and the specific ideas or approaches that have influenced the project. The reader may also look to it for evidence of awareness of essential literature in other languages or other disciplines or literature that disagrees with the your own approach. However, the bibliography should be selective, not simply an indiscriminate list of references taken from some other source. The stated guidelines should offer a clue as to how extensive it should be, but there should be a reason for including each item. Curriculum vitae. The application instructions will indicate the biographical data to be submitted, but any statement should provide the full relevant information on your background and prior work without being inflated or overly detailed. It will be read to determine your qualifications to carry out the project proposed, your track record in producing results from earlier research (if appropriate), and evidence that the current project makes sense as a development from past work. If it is a new area of interest, there should be some indication that you have taken steps to acquire the necessary background.
Fokker--Planck and Kolmogorov Backward Equations for Continuous Time Random Walk scaling limits

It is proved that the distributions of scaling limits of Continuous Time Random Walks (CTRWs) solve integro-differential equations akin to Fokker-Planck Equations for diffusion processes. In contrast to previous such results, it is not assumed that the underlying process has absolutely continuous laws. Moreover, governing equations in the backward variables are derived. Three examples of anomalous diffusion processes illustrate the theory.
REASONS OR EFFECTS OF THE DEINDUSTRIALIZATION IN VISEGRAD COUNTRIES

The problems of the transition in the Visegrad countries on a national economic basis showed up on both social and economic levels, but it was the industry that had to face the most urgent challenges. Today, the economic answers given at the time of transformational recession are still influencing the economy of the Visegrad countries, its macro structural processes and the performance of its secondary sector. In post socialist countries the industrial sector’s structure change was intensified by its peculiar economic policy and the delayed development. The literature of the deindustrialization determines the deindustrialization and the transformation of the economic structure as the natural concomitant of economic processes. Although we could distinguish a few reasons, which determine the type and the turbulence of the deindustrialization, our aim is to precisely examine in the Eastern European countries between 1999-2012 and if there any of the above mentioned reasons could play a role of the deindustrialization on regional level. Our research question is: after the political system change, in the examined countries, where and how fast was the decreasing in the number of the employees in the manufacturing sector? Could we group according to the effects on deindustrialization the regions of the Visegrad countries region? These groups have similarities, which help us to understand more precisely the process of the deindustrialization all over the world.