Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Experimental analysis of electrical values during earth faults

The MV compensated Networks in Czech Republic are operated as nonsymmetrical, that means as networks with non-transposed lines. The paper deals with experiments which were realized in distribution network held by E.ON Czech Republic. There were made a few different faults (low-impedance, spark gap arc, damaged MV cable, 1.6 kΩ, 4 kΩ and unearthed console of concrete tower) for three different places, for tuned and untuned Petersen coil and for some types of faults for all phases too, that means forty eight experimental faults. During each experiment the shunting of affected phase was applied.
Annotating the real world with knowledge-based graphics on a see-through head-mounted display

We describe an experimental, knowledge-based, virtual-world system that uses a monocular "see-through" head-mounted display to overlay graphics on the user's view of the real world. In a simple equipment maintenance domain that we have developed, the overlaid graphics include 3D represen tations of actual physical objects, textual annotations and cal louts, and virtual metaobjects, such as arrows. A set of 3D position and orientation sensors monitor the user's head and several of the objects in the world. Our system includes a knowledge-based graphics component that determines what information to present, a display-list-based display server that represents the models to be displayed, and a set of sensor servers that track the user and selected objects. The sensor servers directly modify the object transformations and view ing specification in the display list. The knowledge-based graphics component also receives the sensor data and uses it to redesign the information being presented.
Design, synthesis, expression, and characterization of the genes for mouse FcγRIIb1 and FcγRIIb2 cytoplasmic regions

The cytoplasmic regions of the mouse low‐affinity FcγRII isoforms, mFcγRIIb1, and mFcγRIIb2, play a key role in signal transduction by mediating different cellular functions. mFcγRIIb1 has a 94‐residue cytoplasmic region, whereas mFcγRIIb2 has a 47‐residue cytoplasmic region. Genes encoding the cytoplasmic regions of mFcγRIIb1 (b1‐94) and mFcγRIIb2 (b2‐47) were designed, synthesized, and expressed as fusion proteins in Escherichia coli. A sequencespecific protease, thrombin, was used to release the b1‐94 peptide, which was purified by using HPLC. The b2‐47 peptide was synthesized chemically. CD spectropolarimetry was employed to examine the secondary structures of b1‐94 and b2‐47. These studies were conducted in aqueous solution, in mixtures of water and trifluoroethanol or methanol, and as a function of temperature. The results indicate that the b1‐94 and b2‐47 structures are sensitive functions of the solvent environment, and that nonaqueous solvents induce significant α‐helical structure.
Multiplanar Fixation for Patella Fractures Using a Low-Profile Mesh Plate

Summary: Patella fractures are challenging orthopaedic injuries. Many commonly used fixation techniques can be ineffective and lead to poor clinical outcomes even with satisfactory reductions and fracture healing. In this investigation, we present the technique of cage plate fixation of patella fractures and the clinical outcomes of 9 initial patients surgically treated at our institution. This technique allows direct visualization of the articular reduction, provides multiplanar fixation, effectively stabilizes inferior pole comminution, and reduces the risk of patella vascular disruption. Using this technique, we have achieved excellent functional and radiographic outcomes.
Ilan Transmission , plasticity and the molecular identification of cyanobacterial symbionts in the Red Sea sponge

Cyanobacterial symbionts in the sponge Diacarnus erythraenus from the Red Sea were identified in both adult sponges and their larvae by 16S rDNA sequencing. A single cyanobacterial type was found in all samples. This cyanobacterial type is closely related to other sponge cyanobacterial symbionts. The cyanobacterial rDNA, together with the morphological analysis by electron and fluorescence microscopy, provided evidence for vertical transmission of the symbionts in this sponge. In addition, we show phenotypic plasticity of the symbionts inside the sponge, probably as a result of variability in light availability inside the sponge tissue. Finally, the reproduction of Diacarnus erythraenus is also described.
Bio-Stoning of Denim- An Environmental-Friendly Approach

Denim jeans, dyed with natural or synthetic indigo, are the most popular garments worn by individuals of all ages and approximately one billion pairs of jeans are produced per annum. Traditionally, denim has been woven with cotton in a warp face twill weave, in which the warp is blue whereas the weft is white. Dyeing is usually performed with pure indigo, or indigo combined with a sulfur dye to decrease the costs caused by the more expensive indigo dye. Indigo dye is popular because it washes down to clear bright blue shades without staining of the white weft yarns.
Production of glycerides from glycerol and fatty acid by immobilized lipases in non‐aqueous media

Immobilized Mucor miehei lipase catalyzes synthesis reactions between glycerol and oleic acid. No organic solvent is necessary to solubilize the substrates, which allows for the use of a reaction medium solely composed of the necessary substrates. Water produced in the reaction evaporates due to the high temperature used for the process. A conversion of 86% of oleic acid into triolein is obtained when using the substrates in stoichiometric amounts. Varying the ratio of glycerol over oleic acid allows for the preferential synthesis of one of the glycerides. Some batch reactors have been set up using different means of removing the water: spontaneous evaporation, molecular sieves, vacuum, and dry air bubbling.
[Health-related lifestyle and mental health among inhabitants of a city in Japan].

AIM Few studies have linked mental health to lifestyle factors in the Japanese general population. The present investigation was conducted to examine whether mental health is associated with a health-related lifestyle and how the strength of the association, if any, differs across sex and age groups, using health survey data for inhabitants of Japan. METHODS The data used were obtained from a questionnaire survey on lifestyle and health. In 1998, the questionnaires were mailed to 2,288 subjects selected from among the inhabitants of a city in Japan, of whom 1,642 subjects (71.8%) responded. The present study included 1,343 subjects who completed all the items that were used in the analysis. The General Health Questionnaire (GHQ) -12 was used as an indicator of mental health, with 4 points or higher (high score) indicating poor mental health. Information on eight different lifestyle parameters was also obtained. Logistic regression was used to calculate the odds ratio (OR) of having poor mental health for each lifestyle. RESULTS Subjects in poor mental health had a lower mean score for a healthy lifestyle than those in good mental health. The difference in the mean score increased with age among men, while it decreased with age among women. The OR for having poor mental health among non-exercisers was higher in the older age group among men, while it was higher in the younger age group among women. A strong association between sleep hours and mental health was observed in the older age group among men, while it was seen in the younger age groups among women. Dietary factors in general showed a clearer association with mental health among women than among men, except for the consumption of salty foods, the association of which with mental health was more evident among men. CONCLUSIONS Mental health was found to be significantly associated with health-related lifestyles in the Japanese population. The strength of the association for each lifestyle varied considerably across sex and age groups.
Stimulation of Macromolecular Synethesis in Guinea Pig Cells by Human CMV 1

Summary Nonproductive human CMV infection of G.P. embryo cells induced cellular RNA and DNA synthesis. RNA species synthesized in abortively infected G.P. cells included ribosomal 28S, 18S, and 4S transfer RNA. Virus inactivated with heat and UV light failed to induce cellular RNA and DNA synthesis. Evidence for increased DNA and RNA synthesis in infected cells was provided by studies of: (a) incorporation of thymidine and uridine, (b) extraction and separation of cellular DNA and RNA on sedimentation gradients, (c) autoradiography, and (d) measurement of mitotic index.
ELIGERE: A fuzzy AHP distributed software platform for group decision making in engineering design

This paper presents eligere, a new open-source distributed software platform for group decision making in engineering design. It is based on the fuzzy analytical hierarchy process (fuzzy AHP), a multiple criteria decision making method used in group selection processes to rank a discrete set of alternatives with respect to some evaluation criteria. eligere is built following the paradigm of distributed cyber-physical systems. It provides several features of interest in group decision making problems: a web-application where experts express their opinion on the alternatives using the natural language, a fuzzy AHP calculation module for transforming qualitative into quantitative data, a database for collecting both the experts' answers and the results of the calculations. The resulting software platform is: distributed, interactive, multi-platform, multi-language and open-source. Eligere is a flexible cyber-physical information system useful in various multiple criteria decision making problems: in this paper we highlight its key concepts and illustrate its potential through a case study, i.e., the optimum selection of design alternatives in a robotic product design.
Influence of pigments and pH of urine on the determination of N‐acetyl‐β‐D‐glucosaminidase activity with 2‐methoxy‐4‐(2′‐nitrovinyl)‐phenyl‐N‐acetyl‐β‐D‐glucosaminide

The influence of urinary pigments and urine pH on the spectrophotometric determination of N‐acetyl‐β‐D‐glucosaminidase (NAG; EC 3.2.1.30) activity with 2‐methoxy‐4‐(2′‐nitrovinyl)‐phenyl‐N‐acetyl‐β‐D‐glucosaminide as a substrate was studied. The investigation was performed with human and rabbit urine samples. It was found that alkaline urine pH values influenced NAG activity in two ways: 1) NAG activity decreased due to enzyme instability with pH increase, and 2) NAG activity increased because of the contribution of urinary pigments to absorbance of 2‐methoxy‐4‐(2′‐nitrovinyl)‐phenol (MNP) at 505 nm. It was shown that besides the maximum (I) in the range of 350–360 nm of the absorption spectra of alkaline urine, there was a maximum (II) in the range of 380–460 nm. With the increase of pH, maximum II was shifted toward higher wavelengths and contributed to MNP absorption (5–90%). On the other hand, the maximum of MNP absorption was shifted toward lower wavelengths (495–400 nm) with increasing pH. Two procedures to eliminate the influence of urinary pigments are presented. The justification of applying a correction to the values of NAG activity in human and rabbit urine (a model system for studying the toxic effects of cadmium) was discussed. J. Clin. Lab. Anal. 19:260–266, 2005. © 2005 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Multi-mode interactions in nonlinear circuits: validity limits of linear approximation

We discuss several types of potential instabilities in nonlinear electronic circuits due to sub- and ultra-harmonics generation, as well as intermodulation distortions caused by either multi-frequency input signals or coupling between intrinsic oscillatory modes. The limitations of traditional approach used for the circuit analysis in the time domain, like, e.g., harmonic balance or small-signal analysis approximation, are elucidated, and the constructive method for avoiding an unexpected destabilization of operation and thus providing a way of stable circuits design is proposed. Analytic criteria for stability are derived for a particular class of passive circuits composed of several lumped elements that is described by systems of ordinary differential equations with two or more degrees of freedom. The general condition predicting the appearance of chaotic oscillations, as well as other instabilities, such as saddle-note (flip) and sub-harmonic (period-doubling) bifurcations in multi-mode systems is obtained by means of the largest Lyapunov exponent analysis
Genoarchitectonic profile of developing nuclear groups in the chicken pretectum

Earlier results on molecularly coded progenitor domains in the chicken pretectum revealed an anteroposterior subdivision of the pretectum in precommissural (PcP), juxtacommissural (JcP), and commissural (CoP) histogenetic areas, each specified differentially (Ferran et al. [2007] J Comp Neurol 505:379–403). Here we examined the nuclei derived from these areas with regard to characteristic gene expression patterns and gradual histogenesis (eventually, migration patterns). We sought a genoarchitectonic schema of the avian pretectum within the prosomeric model of the vertebrate forebrain (Puelles and Rubenstein [2003] Trends Neurosci 26:469–476; Puelles et al. [2007] San Diego: Academic Press). Transcription‐factor gene markers were used to selectively map derivatives of the three pretectal histogenetic domains: Pax7 and Pax6 (CoP); FoxP1 and Six3 (JcP); and FoxP2, Ebf1, and Bhlhb4 (PcP). The combination of this genoarchitectonic information with additional data on Lim1, Tal2, and Nbea mRNA expression and other chemoarchitectonic results allowed unambiguous characterization of some 30 pretectal nuclei. Apart from grouping them as derivatives of the three early anteroposterior domains, we also assigned them to postulated dorsoventral subdomains (Ferran et al. [2007]). Several previously unknown neuronal populations were detected, thus expanding the list of pretectal structures, and we corrected some apparently confused concepts in the earlier literature. The composite gene expression map represents a substantial advance in anatomical and embryological knowledge of the avian pretectum. Many nuclear primordia can be recognized long before the mature differentiated state of the pretectum is achieved. This study provides fundamental notions for ultimate scientific study of the specification and regionalization processes building up this brain area, both in birds and other vertebrates. J. Comp. Neurol. 517:405–451, 2009. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Expression Analysis of Human HL60 Cells Exposed to 60 Hz Square- or Sine-Wave Magnetic Fields

Abstract Balcer-Kubiczek, E. K. , Harrison, G. H. , Davis, C. C. , Haas, M. L. and Koffman, B. H. Expression Analysis of Human HL60 Cells Exposed to 60 Hz Square- or Sine-Wave Magnetic Fields. A total of 960 complementary DNA (cDNA) clones from an HL60 cell cDNA library were screened to discover genes that were differentially expressed in HL60 cells exposed to 60 Hz square-wave magnetic fields (MFs) compared to sham-exposed cells. Square-wave fields are rich in odd harmonic frequency content. We used a two-gel cDNA library screening method (BIGEL) to identify treatment-induced alterations in gene expression. Four cDNA clones were tentatively identified as differentially expressed after exposure to square-wave MFs at 2 mT for 24 h. BIGEL-identified genes (GenBank accession number) corresponding to these clones were: TI227H (D50525), EST Homo sapiens partial cDNA (Z17814), human ribosomal protein S13 (L01124), and AICAR transformylase mRNAs (D82348). The differences in mRNA levels were not confirmed in test compared to experimental cells by Northern analysis. In other experiments, we used concurrent exposure to 60 Hz sine- or square-wave MFs (0 or 2 mT, duration of 3 or 24 h, no postexposure delay). In addition to the four BIGEL genes, we also investigated MYC, HSP70, RAN and SOD1. In the case of MYC and HSP70, square-wave MFs appeared to exhibit more marked alterations when compared to sinusoidal waveforms, but the overall results indicated no effect of possible differential magnetic-field-induced expression of all eight genes. In contrast, alterations of mRNA levels were observed for seven genes after exposure to X irradiation, hyperthermia and TPA. These results are contrary to previously proposed similarities between the action of these agents and MF effects on gene transcription.
Multiple Faults Detection and Isolation via Decentralized Sliding Mode Observer for Reconfigurable Manipulator

This paper considers a decentralized multiple faults detection and isolation (FDI) scheme for reconfigurable manipulators. Inspired by their modularization property, a global sliding mode (GSM) based stable adaptive fuzzy decentralized controller is investigated for the system in fault free, while for the system suffering from multiple faults (actuator fault and sensor fault), the decentralized sliding mode observer (DSMO) is employed to detect their occurrence. Hereafter, the time and location of faults can be determined by a fault isolation scheme via a bank of DSMOs. Finally, the effectiveness of the proposed schemes in controlling, detecting and isolating faults is illustrated by the simulations of two 3-DOF reconfigurable manipulators with different configurations successfully.
On the Neural Connection

On the Neural Connection Discoveries concerning cardiac neural‐electrical modulation and local neural remodeling provide powerful new approaches for the development of novel antiarrhythmic strategies. This “view” of developments in this emerging field highlights recent advances and suggests that additional neurally targeted investigations have considerable potential for prevention of arrhythmic diseases.
Experimental and early investigational drugs for androgenetic alopecia

ABSTRACT Introduction: Treatments for androgenetic alopecia constitute a multi-billion-dollar industry, however, currently available therapeutic options have variable efficacy. Consequently, in recent years small biotechnology companies and academic research laboratories have begun to investigate new or improved treatment methods. Research and development approaches include improved formulations and modes of application for current drugs, new drug development, development of cell-based treatments, and medical devices for modulation of hair growth. Areas covered: Here we review the essential pathways of androgenetic alopecia pathogenesis and collate the current and emerging therapeutic strategies using journal publications databases and clinical trials databases to gather information about active research on new treatments. Expert opinion: We propose that topically applied medications, or intra-dermal injected or implanted materials, are preferable treatment modalities, minimizing side effect risks as compared to systemically applied treatments. Evidence in support of new treatments is limited. However, we suggest therapeutics which reverse the androgen-driven inhibition of hair follicle signaling pathways, such as prostaglandin analogs and antagonists, platelet-rich plasma (PRP), promotion of skin angiogenesis and perfusion, introduction of progenitor cells for hair regeneration, and more effective ways of transplanting hair, are the likely near future direction of androgenetic alopecia treatment development.
Ghrelin O-acyltransferase (GOAT) is essential for growth hormone-mediated survival of calorie-restricted mice

Ghrelin O-acyltransferase (GOAT) attaches octanoate to proghrelin, which is processed to ghrelin, an octanoylated peptide hormone that stimulates release of growth hormone (GH) from pituitary cells. Elimination of the gene encoding ghrelin or its receptor produces only mild phenotypes in mice. Thus, the essential function of ghrelin is obscure. Here, we eliminate the Goat gene in mice, thereby eliminating all octanoylated ghrelin from blood. On normal or high fat diets, Goat−/− mice grew and maintained the same weights as wild-type (WT) littermates. When subjected to 60% calorie restriction, WT and Goat−/− mice both lost 30% of body weight and 75% of body fat within 4 days. In both lines, fasting blood glucose initially declined equally. After 4 days, glucose stabilized in WT mice at 58–76 mg/dL. In Goat−/− mice, glucose continued to decline, reaching 12–36 mg/dL on day 7. At this point, WT mice showed normal physical activity, whereas Goat−/− mice were moribund. GH rose progressively in calorie-restricted WT mice and less in Goat−/− mice. Infusion of either ghrelin or GH normalized blood glucose in Goat−/− mice and prevented death. Thus, an essential function of ghrelin in mice is elevation of GH levels during severe calorie restriction, thereby preserving blood glucose and preventing death.
Abortion Incidence and Unintended Pregnancy in Nepal.

CONTEXT Although abortion has been legal under broad criteria in Nepal since 2002, a significant proportion of women continue to obtain illegal, unsafe abortions, and no national estimates exist of the incidence of safe and unsafe abortions. METHODS Data were collected in 2014 from a nationally representative sample of 386 facilities that provide legal abortions or postabortion care and a survey of 134 health professionals knowledgeable about abortion service provision. Facility caseloads and indirect estimation techniques were used to calculate the national and regional incidence of legal and illegal abortion. National and regional levels of abortion complications and unintended pregnancy were also estimated. RESULTS In 2014, women in Nepal had 323,100 abortions, of which 137,000 were legal, and 63,200 women were treated for abortion complications. The abortion rate was 42 per 1,000 women aged 15-49, and the abortion ratio was 56 per 100 live births. The abortion rate in the Central region (59 per 1,000) was substantially higher than the national average. Overall, 50% of pregnancies were unintended, and the unintended pregnancy rate was 68 per 1,000 women of reproductive age. CONCLUSIONS Despite legalization of abortion and expansion of services in Nepal, unsafe abortion is still common and exacts a heavy toll on women. Programs and policies to reduce rates of unintended pregnancy and unsafe abortion, increase access to high-quality contraceptive care and expand safe abortion services are warranted.
Massive rotator cuff tears without arthropathy: when to consider reverse shoulder arthroplasty.

: Massive rotator cuff tears often present a challenge for the treating orthopaedic surgeon. A multitude of surgical approaches have been described to manage this condition, ranging from biceps tenotomy to complex muscle transfers to reverse shoulder arthroplasty. Among these procedures, reverse shoulder arthroplasty is increasingly advocated to relieve pain and restore function; however, the exact role of this arthroplasty procedure continues to be defined, particularly in patients without any evidence of associated glenohumeral arthritis. In this patient population, the reverse shoulder prosthesis is used primarily to address the instability associated with massive rotator cuff tears, as opposed to the more common application of arthroplasty to manage cartilage disease. Currently accepted indications for reverse shoulder arthroplasty include patients with pseudoparalysis and irreparable rotator cuff tears, with or without anterosuperior escape. Surgeons must be aware of conditions that may clinically mimic pseudoparalysis caused by a rotator cuff tear, such as axillary nerve injury, deltoid dehiscence, or cervical radiculopathy. These conditions produce deltoid insufficiency and are unlikely to benefit from a reverse shoulder arthroplasty. Caution is also warranted when considering this procedure in patients with massive rotator cuff tears in whom active forward elevation greater than 90° is preserved. These patients may achieve little benefit in range of motion and pain relief with a reverse shoulder arthroplasty.