Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Presence and Persistence of Australia Antigen Among Drug Addicts 1

The close correlation between the occurrence of Australia (Au)antigen in serum and serum hepatitis is now firmly established [BLUMBERG et al., 1968; KRUGMAN and GILES, 1960; PRINCE et al., 19701. In some groups, such as patients with Down’s syndrome and patients being treated with hemodialysis, many or most of the patients become chronic carriers of Au-antigen [BLUMBERG et al., 1968; LONDON et al., 1969; NORDENFELT and KJELL~N, 19691. Carriers of the antigen must be regarded as sources of infection and patients receiving treatment with hemodialysis must therefore be considered a strong contributory cause of the ever increasing problem of serum hepatitis as a nosocomial infection. Serum hepatitis is also increasing in the general population owing t o the increasing number of drug addicts who often inject the drugs intravenously. It was therefore decided to investigate the occurrence and persistence of Au-antigen among addicts. All drug addicts admitted to a reformatory within an 18-month period were followed up clinically and with laboratory tests in order t o assess the frequency and course of hepatitis. The patients were also examined for the presence and persistence of Au-antigen.
Construction and management study of China livable rural community: A governance perspective

The issue of China livable rural community governance is discussed in this paper, mainly from the perspective of literature review. At first, relevant concepts and theories are introduced, that is, the connotation of China “livable rural community” is defined which can also be called as China “livable community of villages and small towns”, and community governance related theory is introduced. And then, governance of democratic countries is introduced. China's national conditions is different from that of democratic countries, thus, based on the analysis of the differences, comprehensive analysis and comparison of related research of Chinese scholars are made in the following, which mainly include the main problems and countermeasures of China “traditional rural community” construction and management, and China “rural elites governance” together with its deficiency. Finally, the mode of “synergy governance leaded by rural elites” is put forward and analyzed, whose goal is to pursue the mutual cooperation and synergy co-governance among government organizations, community autonomy organizations, community residents, and other stakeholders, and to achieve “1 + 1 > 2” synergy effect ultimately.
Midbrain ataxia: an introduction to the mesencephalic locomotor region and the pedunculopontine nucleus.

OBJECTIVE Although gait ataxia is usually associated with cerebellar lesions, we review a less familiar cause. We present three patients with dorsal midbrain lesions and correlate these presentations with recent findings in the functional anatomy of the midbrain. CONCLUSION We suggest that these lesions involve a well-studied but generally unfamiliar area of the dorsal midbrain known as the mesencephalic locomotor region. More specifically, we hypothesize that involvement of the pedunculopontine nucleus, a major component of the mesencephalic locomotor region, may be at least partially responsible for producing midbrain ataxia.
Supercapacitor Storage Sizing Analysis for a Series Hybrid Vehicle

The increasing interest in Hybrid Electric Vehicles led to the study of new powertrain structures. In particular, it was demonstrated in the technical literature how series architecture can be more efficient, compared to parallel one, if supercapacitors are used as storage system. Since supercapacitors are characterized by high efficiency and high power density, but have low specific energy, storage sizing is a critical point with this technology. In this study, a detailed analysis on the effect of supercapacitor storage sizing on series architecture was carried out. In particular, in series architecture, supercapacitor storage sizing influences both engine number of starts and the energy that can be stored during regenerative braking. The first aspect affects the comfort, whereas the second aspect directly influences powertrain efficiency. Vehicle model and Energy Management System were studied and simulations were carried out for different storage energy, in order to define the optimal sizing.
Radiotherapy-induced changes of peripheral blood lymphocyte subpopulations in cervical cancer patients: relationship to clinical response.

PURPOSE To determine the absolute number and percentage of peripheral blood lymphocyte subpopulations positive (+) cells CD8(+), CD8(+)NKG2D(+), CD8(+), Granzyme B(+) (GrB), CD16(+), CD16(+)NKG2D(+), CD56(+) and CD56(+)NKG2D(+) in cervical cancer patients before and after radiotherapy (RT), and to analyze whether their changes are related to the clinical response. MATERIALS AND METHODS Stage IIB - IVA cervical cancer patients received external irradiation and concomitant intracavitary brachytherapy. Blood samples for immunophenotypic analysis by flow cytometry were collected from each patient one day before starting RT and one day after completing RT. Fifteen healthy volunteers served as controls. Surface marker expression and granzyme B positivity were quantified on FACSCalibur flow cytometer. RESULTS Unlike their absolute numbers, the percentages of all analyzed lymphocyte subsets of all patients, including those with complete response (CR), were significantly increased (p <0.05) after RT. Only in patients with progressive disease (PD), CD8(+), CD8(+)NKG2D(+), CD16(+) and CD56(+)NKG2D(+) lymphocytes were not significantly increased. In healthy volunteers, the percentage of CD8(+)GrB(+) lymphocytes was lower than in patients after RT, while the percentages of CD56(+) and CD56(+)NKG2D(+) cells were higher than in patients before RT (p <0.05). CONCLUSION Our data indicate that RT, besides its direct cytoreductive effect on tumor cells, may contribute to better immunological control of cervical cancer.
Activation of toll-like receptor (TLR)2, TLR4, and TLR9 in the mammalian cornea induces MyD88-dependent corneal inflammation.

PURPOSE Toll-like receptors (TLRs), which recognize microbial products, have an important role in the host innate immune response. The purpose of the present study was to determine whether activation of these receptors leads to development of keratitis and to assess the role of the common adaptor molecule myeloid differentiation factor-88 (MyD88). METHODS Corneal epithelium of C57BL/6, TLR2(-/-), TLR9(-/-), and MyD88(-/-) mice was abraded and treated with Pam(3)Cys, LPS, or CpG DNA, which bind TLR2, -4, and -9, respectively, and neutrophil recruitment to the corneal stroma, development of corneal haze, and chemokine production were measured. RESULTS Activation of TLR2 and -9 stimulated neutrophil recruitment to the corneal stroma of C57BL/6 mice, but not TLR2(-/-) or -9(-/-) mice, respectively. In marked contrast, neutrophil migration to the corneal stroma of MyD88(-/-) mice challenged with Pam(3)Cys, LPS, or CpG DNA was completely ablated. Activation of TLR2, -4, and -9 also caused a significant increase in corneal thickness and haze, indicative of disruption of corneal clarity; however, this response was ablated in MyD88(-/-) mice, which were not significantly different from untreated corneas. Production of CXC chemokines MIP-2 and KC, which mediate neutrophil recruitment to the corneal stroma, was elevated in the corneal epithelium and stroma of control, but not MyD88(-/-) mice. CONCLUSIONS Together, these findings demonstrate that the corneal epithelium has functional TLR2 and -9, and that TLR2, -4, and -9 signal through MyD88. This pathway is therefore likely to have an important role in the early events leading to microbial keratitis.
Linking Geospatial Data With GeoSPARQL

As the amount of Linked Open Data on the web increases, so does the amount of this data with an inherent spatial context. Without spatial reasoning, however, the value of this additional context is limited. In this paper we look at the overall state of geospatial data in the Semantic Web, with a focus on the upcoming standard GeoSPARQL. We describe the motivation for GeoSPARQL, an example use case, and the implementation of GeoSPARQL in the triple store Parliament.
Interleukin-22 level and vascular remodeling in patients with hypertension in associated with abdominal obesity

The purpose of the study was to estimate the interleukin-22 (IL-22) level in the blood serum of hypertensive patients with abdominal obesity (AO), depending on common carotid arteries (CCA) remodeling presence. Ninety-five subjects: 83 hypertensive patients and 12 healthy controls were examined. The patients were divided into two groups, depending on the presence of AO followed by the division of patients into subgroups depending on the intima-media thickness (IMT). For all patients, the following anthropometric parameters were measured: weight, height, waist circumstances (WC), hip circumstances (HC); the body mass index (BMI) and the waist-to-hip ratio (WC/HC) were calculated. The serum IL-22 level was determined in the patients by means of the Bender Medsystems® Human IL-22 Platinum ELISA kit by immunoassay method. Additionally, the patients underwent an ultrasound examination of carotid arteries. The study revealed that the CCA IMT in hypertensive patients with and without AO compared to the control group were significant differences. Serum IL-22 levels in hypertensive patients with AO having IMT ≥ 0.9 mm was statistically higher as compared with patients having IMT < 0.9 mm. 64 Kateryna Kysylenko and Olga Kovalyova The IL-22 levels in hypertensive patients without AO having IMT < 0.9 mm and having IMT ≥ 0.9 mm were significantly exceeds cytokine level in the control group. The obtained results may indicate that the blood serum IL-22 level is associated with a greater degree of vascular wall damage in hyprtensive patient both with and without AO. Higher IL-22 levels in the groups of hypertensive patients both with and without AO, with normal IMT compared with the control group, probably indicate that elevated blood serum IL-22 content can promote an early affection of the vascular endothelium.
Returning to a New Home

This issue of Cognitive Science marks the start of our partnership with Lawrence Erlbaum Associates (LEA). The journal has never been published by LEA before, but in many ways, our relocation feels like a homecoming. In 1976 Roger Schank approached Larry Erlbaum with the idea of forming a cognitive science journal. Mr. Erlbaum was highly receptive, and together with his partner Walter Johnson began publishing Cognitive Science in 1977 at the newly established Ablex Publishing Company. The first editors were Eugene Charniak, Allan Collins, and Roger Schank. The first Cognitive Science Society conference was chaired by Donald Norman at University of California, San Diego in 1978. In the intervening years, LEA has published the Annual Proceedings of the Cognitive Science Conference. Beyond this, LEA has been a major force for the advancement of cognitive science through the impressive collection of books and journals they have published in cognitive science. We are honored and delighted to be working with LEA. Lawrence Erlbaum, both the man and the company, has been exceptionally generous with their time, expertise, and support. Indeed, his contributions to cognitive science have been recognized twice by the Cognitive Science Society, as two independent governing boards have made him an honorary member of the society. He is the only two-lifetime member of the society, but this is fitting in light of his redoubled efforts to promote cognitive science. We have every expectation that the journal will flourish with LEA. Through resources provided by LEA, the Cognitive Science Society will be able to significantly grow, offering its members new services for reasonable dues. LEA is also committed to the timely production of issues, Cognitive Science Society’s continued retention of copyrights, authors’ right to disseminate their articles on their own Web sites, and continued growth of the journal. Even though our publisher has changed, our central mission has not. Our aim is to provide an outlet for significant developments in the study of minds and other intelligent systems. This mission inherently involves interdisciplinary collaboration, and so we will continue our efforts to serve as a home to research that spans anthropology, computer science, education, linguistics, Cognitive Science 29 (2005) 1–4 Copyright © 2005 Cognitive Science Society, Inc. All rights reserved.
Apparent structural stiffness of closed mechanisms under the effect of internal forces during dynamic motion

When a mechanism is overconstrained it leads to the generation of internal forces. These forces do no work but have an effect on the apparent structural stiffness of the mechanisms. The degree of this effect depends on the magnitude or the mode of the internal forces and the geometry of the mechanisms. Internal forces may result from external or gravitational forces or the inertial loads during motion. If a mechanism has a closed chain structure, the redundant actuation may generate internal forces as well. -. 'o The authors analyse the apparent structural stiffness of the closed mechanisms due to redundant actuation and the forces arising during dynamic motion. <<ETX>>
Inhibition of Cyclin-dependent Kinase 1 Induces Cytokinesis without Chromosome Segregation in an ECT2 and MgcRacGAP-dependent Manner*

Cleavage furrow formation marks the onset of cell division during early anaphase. The small GTPase RhoA and its regulators ECT2 and MgcRacGAP have been implicated in furrow ingression in mammalian cells, but the signaling upstream of these molecules remains unclear. We now show that the inhibition of cyclin-dependent kinase (Cdk)1 is sufficient to initiate cytokinesis. When mitotically synchronized cells were treated with the Cdk-specific inhibitor BMI-1026, the initiation of cytokinesis was induced precociously before chromosomal separation. Cytokinesis was also induced by the Cdk1-specific inhibitor purvalanol A but not by Cdk2/Cdk5- or Cdk4-specific inhibitors. Consistent with initiation of precocious cytokinesis by Cdk1 inhibition, introduction of anti-Cdk1 monoclonal antibody resulted in cells with aberrant nuclei. Depolymerization of mitotic spindles by nocodazole inhibited BMI-1026-induced precocious cytokinesis. However, in the presence of a low concentration of nocodazole, BMI-1026 induced excessive membrane blebbing, which appeared to be caused by formation of ectopic cleavage furrows. Depletion of ECT2 or MgcRacGAP by RNA interference abolished both of the phenotypes (precocious furrowing after nocodazole release and excessive blebbing in the presence of nocodazole). RNA interference of RhoA or expression of dominant-negative RhoA efficiently reduced both phenotypes. RhoA was localized at the cleavage furrow or at the necks of blebs. We propose that Cdk1 inactivation is sufficient to activate a signaling pathway leading to cytokinesis, which emanates from mitotic spindles and is regulated by ECT2, MgcRacGAP, and RhoA. Chemical induction of cytokinesis will be a valuable tool to study the initiation mechanism of cytokinesis.
The New Carotid Braided Stent CASPERTM RX. Single center experience in 50 cases

Purpose: Carotid stenosis, as well as dissections and pseudo dissecting aneurysms are etiological factors of Ischemic stroke. A new braided double-layer Nickel titanium Stent CASPERTMRX has super elasticity, shape-memory properties, combined with re-sheathable and repositionable, improving placement accuracy in a closed cell with flow diversion capability. To evaluate in clinical implant behavicor of in many different pathologies.
Top-Bounded Spaces Formed by the Built Environment for Navigation Systems

Navigation systems help agents find the right (optimal) path from the origin to the desired destination. Current navigation systems mainly offer the shortest (distance or time) path as the default optimal path. However, under certain circumstances, having a least-top-exposed path can be more interesting. For instance, on a rainy day, a path with as many places as possible covered by roofs/shelters is more attractive and pragmatic, since roofs/shelters can offer protection from rain. In this paper, we name environments that covered by roofs/shelters but not completely enclosed like indoors as “top-bounded environments/spaces” (e.g., porches), which are generally formed by built structures. This kind of space is completely missing in current navigation models and systems. Thus, we investigate how to use it for space-based navigation. After proposing a definition, a space model, and attributes of top-bounded spaces, we introduce a projection-based approach to generate them. Then, taking a pedestrian as an example agent, we select generated spaces considering whether the agent can visit/use the identified spaces. Finally, examples and a use case study demonstrate that our research can help to include top-bounded spaces in navigation systems/models. More navigation path types (e.g., least-top-exposed) can be offered for different agents (such as pedestrians, drones or robots).
Hydromechanical stimulation of bioluminescent plankton.

The response of the bioluminescent dinoflagellate Pyrocystis fusiformis was investigated for different hydraulic conditions ('hydromechanical stimulation'). Pipe flow and oscillating shear produced luminescence, whereas changes in hydrostatic pressure were not stimulating. More intense fluid motion led to higher intensity, mainly due to a higher probability of cell response. The organism was also able to emit light in a glucose-salt mixture. The experiments suggest that the cells are effectively stimulated if the flow conditions change in time.
Structure of a human Rhinovirus complexed with its receptor molecule

Cryoelectron microscopy has been used to determine the structure of a virus when complexed with its glycoprotein cellular receptor. Human rhinovirus 16 complexed with the two amino-terminal, immunoglobulin-like domains of the intercellular adhesion molecule 1 shows that the intercellular adhesion molecule 1 binds into the 12-A deep "canyon" on the viral surface. This result confirms the prediction that the viral-receptor attachment site lies in a cavity inaccessible to the host's antibodies. The atomic structures of human rhinovirus 14 and CD4, homologous to human rhinovirus 16 and intercellular adhesion molecule 1, showed excellent correspondence with observed density, thus establishing the virus-receptor interactions.
Immune activation in patients with irritable bowel syndrome.

BACKGROUND AND AIMS We set out to test the hypothesis that irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is characterized by an augmented cellular immune response with enhanced production of proinflammatory cytokines. We further aimed to explore whether symptoms and psychiatric comorbidity in IBS are linked to the release of proinflammatory cytokines. METHODS We characterized basal and Escherichia coli lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced cytokine production in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from 55 IBS patients (18 mixed-, 17 constipation-, 20 diarrhea-predominant) and 36 healthy controls (HCs). PBMCs were isolated by density gradient centrifugation and cultured for 24 hours with or without (1 ng/mL) LPS. Cytokine production (tumor necrosis factor [TNF]-alpha, interleukin [IL]-1beta, and IL-6) was measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Abdominal symptoms and psychiatric comorbidities were assessed by using the validated Bowel Disease Questionnaire and the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale. RESULTS IBS patients showed significantly (P < .017) higher baseline TNF-alpha, IL-1beta, IL-6, and LPS-induced IL-6 levels compared with HCs. Analyzing IBS subgroups, all cytokine levels were significantly (P < .05) higher in diarrhea-predominant IBS (D-IBS) patients, whereas constipation-predominant IBS patients showed increased LPS-induced IL-1beta levels compared with HCs. Baseline TNF-alpha and LPS-induced TNF-alpha and IL-6 levels were significantly higher in patients reporting more than 3 bowel movements per day, urgency, watery stools, and pain associated with diarrhea compared with patients without these symptoms (all P < .05). LPS-induced TNF-alpha production was associated significantly (r = 0.59, P < .001) with anxiety in patients with IBS. CONCLUSIONS Patients with D-IBS display enhanced proinflammatory cytokine release, and this may be associated with symptoms and anxiety.
Characterization of Notch receptor expression in the developing mammalian heart and liver.

Alagille syndrome (AGS) is an autosomal dominant disorder characterized by bile duct paucity along with cardiovascular, skeletal, and ophthalmologic defects. The identification of JAG1 as the AGS disease gene revealed the crucial role of the Notch signaling pathway in the development of multiple organ systems in humans. Patients with identical mutations in JAG1 demonstrate extreme clinical variability, suggesting that other factors may influence the severity of the developmental defects in this disorder. We have defined the temporal and spatial expression patterns of the Notch receptor genes in the developing mammalian heart and liver in order to identify potential ligand/receptor interactions during embryogenesis. In the developing heart, both Notch1 and Notch2 are expressed in the outflow tracts and the epicardium, in specific cell populations previously shown to express JAG1. These cells are destined to undergo epithelial-to-mesenchymal transformation. In the newborn mouse liver, Notch2 and Notch3 are expressed in opposing cell populations, suggesting they play different roles in cell fate determination during bile duct development. JAG1 is also expressed in cells adjacent to those expressing Notch2, suggesting a possible ligand receptor relationship. The Notch receptors have distinct roles in cell fate determination in different organ systems.
Chromogranins A and B and secretogranin II: evolutionary and functional aspects

Chromogranins/secretogranins or granins are a class of acidic, secretory proteins that occur in endocrine, neuroendocrine, and neuronal cells. Granins are the precursors of several bioactive peptides and may be involved in secretory granule formation and neurotransmitter/hormone release. Characterization and analysis of chromogranin A (CgA), chromogranin B (CgB), and secretogranin II (SgII) in distant vertebrate species confirmed that CgA and CgB belong to related monophyletic groups, probably evolving from a common ancestral precursor, while SgII sequences constitute a distinct monophyletic group. In particular, selective sequences within these proteins, bounded by potential processing sites, have been remarkably conserved during evolution. Peptides named vasostatin, secretolytin and secretoneurin, which occur in these regions, have been shown to exert various biological activities. These conserved domains may also be involved in the formation of secretory granules in different vertebrates. Other peptides such as catestatin and pancreastatin may have appeared late during evolution. The function of granins as propeptide precursors and granulogenic factors is discussed in the light of recent data obtained in various model species and using knockout mice strains.