Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Living well with chronic pain: a classical grounded theory

Abstract Purpose: There is little theory to explain how and why some people cope well despite chronic pain. This study proposes a mid-level theoretical explanation for those that cope well, shedding light on factors relevant to acceptance. Method: Classical grounded theory methodology was closely followed to generate a theory grounded in data obtained from community-dwelling people self-identified as living well despite chronic pain. Results: The main concern of people experiencing chronic pain is resolving the problem of disrupted self-coherence. Resolution involves re-occupying self by (1) making sense of pain using an idiographic model; (2) deciding to turn from patient to person, facilitated or hindered by interactions with clinicians and occupational drive; and (3) flexibly persisting, where occupational engaging and coping allow individuals to develop future plans. Conclusions: This theory demonstrates the importance of engaging in occupation during rehabilitation by framing chronic pain adjustment within a process of renegotiating the self-concept. Occupations allow individuals to express values important to their sense of self. Coping strategies are used to enable occupation and are judged by their workability in this context. When developing goals and plans with people living with pain, rehabilitation professionals should consider an individual’s position within the processes involved in learning to live well. Implication for rehabilitation Living well with chronic pain involves a process of making sense, deciding to move on with life, and flexibly persisting. Diagnosis should be accompanied by messages about hurt and harm not being equivalent, and the need for a lifelong approach to managing a chronic problem. An idiographic depiction or formulation of a person’s pain and disability provides opportunities for making sense of symptoms and collaborating on treatment goals. Remaining supportive, providing “small acts” demonstrating that the person is unique and being thought of, and encouraging engagement in valued occupations allows patients to experiment with, and start to engage in what is important in their lives. Clinicians should help people extend their coping repertoire and encourage flexibility with how these are applied in the pursuit of valued occupations. The positive motivation that comes from individuals identifying highly valued occupations is an aspect that all clinicians, but particularly occupational therapists, should recognize.
Fatal necrotic tracheitis by Aviadenovirus in captive Alagoas curassows (Pauxi mitu) extinct from the wild

ABSTRACT Extinct from nature, captive young Alagoas curassows (Pauxi mitu) were found agonizing or dead with respiratory disease. Intranuclear inclusion bodies were found in the epithelia of the trachea, associated with marked necrotic tracheitis. An Aviadenovirus was isolated in chicken eggs and characterized genetically with 99% identity to the fowl Aviadenovirus A, as based on the hexon protein gene. This is the first report of respiratory disease caused by Aviadenovirus in any cracid species in Brazil, recommending for stricter biosecurity in the conservation premises. RESEARCH HIGHLIGHTS Fatal tracheitis in curassows extinct from nature was associated with Aviadenovirus A. Seven-month-old Alagoas curassows (Aves: Cracidae) died with haemorrhagic tracheitis. Aviadenovirus A with 99% identity to fowl adenovirus 1 was detected in dead curassows. Fatal tracheitis by Aviadenovirus was described in Pauxi mitu (Aves: Cracidae).
An update on the topical and oral therapy options for treating pediatric atopic dermatitis

ABSTRACT Introduction: Atopic dermatitis (AD) is one of the most common childhood skin disorders. Multiple mechanisms contribute to the pathology of AD and treatment approaches are directed at these processes. Areas covered: The purpose of this review is to discuss the chemical treatment options for pediatric atopic dermatitis, including immunomodulators and small molecule inhibitors. A systematic literature search was conducted, and publications were reviewed for applicable treatment guidelines. Expert opinion: Topical therapy is first-line for pediatric atopic dermatitis. Providers should work closely with patients and caregivers to promote the success of topical treatments. In disease refractory to topical treatments, systemic agents may be considered. Clinical trials are ongoing for the use of biologics in the treatment of pediatric AD. When choosing the most appropriate treatment, physicians should consider the drug efficacy, potential adverse effects, patient adherence, and quality of life for both patients and caregivers. Additional studies are required to determine the safest and most effective doses for systemic therapy in childhood AD.
Attitudes and Practices of Australian Veterinary Professionals and Students towards Early Age Desexing of Cats

Simple Summary Globally, desexing is used to reduce/prevent overpopulation of cats. However, its effective use is hampered by widely held views that it should occur at around six months of age, whereas female cats can breed from four months of age. As a result, many cats may have an unplanned litter before they are desexed. In Australia, increasing numbers of municipalities are mandating desexing of cats by three months of age, before the traditional age of 4–6 months. Achieving this goal requires support from veterinary professionals, so we used online and face-to-face surveys to determine the preferred desexing ages for cats and rationale of 957 Australian veterinarians, veterinary nurses, veterinary science students, and veterinary nursing students. A complementary survey of 299 veterinary practice websites across Australia documented information provided about desexing cats. Vet nurses and nursing students were more conservative than vets or vet students, preferring to desex cats (especially females) after four months because of concerns about anaesthetic risk. Over half of surveyed websites provided no information about desexing cats or offered desexing without explaining why it was necessary or when to perform it. In Australia, the preferences and practices of some current/future veterinary professionals do not match changing cat legislation. Abstract Surgical desexing of cats is typically carried out after six months of age (Mature Age Desexing, MAD); between 4–6 months (Traditional Age Desexing, TAD); or before four months (Early Age Desexing, EAD). We complemented existing surveys of veterinarians’ acceptance of EAD with online and face-to-face surveys, to ascertain the preferred desexing ages for cats and rationale of 957 Australian veterinarians, veterinary nurses, veterinary science students, and veterinary nursing students. A complementary survey of 299 veterinary practice websites across Australia documented any information provided about desexing cats. The most common reason for preferred desexing ages was reducing stray cat populations (30%); 78% of these respondents chose ages aligning with EAD. Vet nurses and nursing students were more conservative than vets or vet students, preferring to desex cats >4 months. Perceived anaesthetic risk was a major motivation, especially for nurses ≤5 years’ experience. Across 299 urban practices in Australian capital cities, 55% of surveyed websites provided no information about desexing cats or listed desexing without explaining why it was necessary, or when to perform it. Increasingly, Australian legislatures mandate desexing of cats by three months of age, so the practices of some current/future veterinary professionals do not match changing legislation.
The Application of Humane Endpoints and Humane Killing Methods in Animal Research Proposals: A Retrospective Review

Refinement refers to the use of methods that help to minimise animal suffering in the laboratory. Research in this area has increased significantly over the past two decades. However, the extent to which refinements are applied in practice is uncertain. To provide an indication of the implementation and awareness of refinements, we reviewed the experimental techniques for 684 surgical interventions described in 506 animal research applications sent to the German competent authorities for approval in 2010. In this paper, we describe and discuss the appropriateness of the proposed humane endpoints and killing methods. We found that, when the investigators included humane endpoints in their application, these were often lacking in detail and/or were to be implemented at a late stage of suffering. In addition, the choice of method to kill the animals could be improved in the majority of the applications. We provide recommendations for future improvements, based on the recent literature. To ensure scientific rigour, avoid needless animal suffering and enable an accurate harm–benefit analysis, animal researchers have to be knowledgeable about refinement methods and apply them effectively. To assess compliance and ensure that only those studies in which potential benefits outweigh the harms are carried out, reviews such as ours — as well as retrospective assessments of actual harms and benefits — should be conducted widely and regularly, and the findings should be published.
Infektiologische Konsile bei Patienten mit Staphylococcus-aureus-Bakteriämie – eine retrospektive Beobachtungsstudie am Universitätsklinikum Jena Infectious Disease Consultations in Patients with Staphylococcus Aureus Bacteraemia – a Retrospective Observational Study at Jena University Hospital

Background Staphylococcus aureus bacteraemia is frequently associated with complications and a high mortality. Recent retrospective studies provide evidence that infectious disease specialist consultations improve the outcome of patients with Staphylococcus aureus bacteraemia by increasing adherence to treatment standards. Methods In this retrospective, single-centre observational study, we investigated the impact of infectious disease consultations on the outcome of patients with Staphylococcus aureus bacteraemia at the Jena University Hospital applying logistic regression and survival analyses. The primary endpoint was intra-hospital mortality. Originalarbeit e179 Kimmig A et al. Infektiologische Konsile bei. Dtsch Med Wochenschr 2018; 143: e179–e187 Results We analysed patients (≥ 18 years) with Staphylococcus aureus bacteraemia between December 2012 and August 2015 (n = 297), of whom 159 received infectious disease consultations. Specialist consultations were associated with lower intra-hospital mortality (23 % without consultations, 11 % with consultations; multiple regression analysis: odds ratio = 0.27 [95 % confidence interval: 0.12 –0.64]; p = 0.003). Furthermore, the adherence to defined quality-of-care indicators differed. The complete implementation of all recommendations was associated with the lowest intra-hospital mortality rates. Conclusion Infectious disease consultations in patients with Staphylococcus aureus bacteraemia were associated with a lower intra-hospital mortality rate.
Medical diagnosis of the cardiovascular system on the carotid artery with IR laser Doppler vibrometer

Laser Doppler Vibrometry (LDV) is known to be a possible diagnosis tool for many cardiac applications as the detection and monitoring of some important vital parameters (Heart Rate, Heart Rate Variability, Pulse Wave Velocity) in a non-contact and non-intrusive way. The technique has become known as Optical Vibrocardiography (VCG) i.e. by measuring the vibrations on the carotid artery or on the thorax [1-5]. The aim of the present study is to interpret the vibrational signal acquired from the carotid artery in relation to the electrocardiographic and hemodynamic aspects and to enable the extraction of further medical information relevant for diagnosis purpose. For the investigation an infrared (IR) Laser Doppler Vibrometer has been used. The acquired VCG signals have been processed and compared with the simultaneously acquired electrocardiogram and the color-coded Doppler sonogram. This has enabled a deeper understanding of the signature of the vibrational signal. Furthermore, in this paper, we also discuss the medical value of the VCG signal obtained from the carotid artery.
Discrimination of cancerous and healthy colon tissues: A new laser‐based method

Femtosecond (fs) Laser Ionisation Mass Spectrometry (fs‐LIMS) on colon tissues are described and investigated using ionization/fragmentation processes in details to present a new application in this study. Linear Time of Flight (L‐TOF) mass analyzer was utilized to investigate paraffin‐embedded human tissue in this study. The effect of fs laser intensity on the spectral characteristics was investigated and interpreted due to mass spectra obtained using 800 nm wavelength with 90 fs pulses at 1 kHz repetition rate.
OsPHT1;3 Mediates Uptake, Translocation, and Remobilization of Phosphate under Extremely Low Phosphate Regimes1[OPEN]

P transporter OsPHT1;3 functions in P uptake, translocation, and remobilization of P in rice under extremely low P regimes. Plant roots rely on inorganic orthophosphate (Pi) transporters to acquire soluble Pi from soil solutions that exists at micromolar levels in natural ecosystems. Here, we functionally characterized a rice (Oryza sativa) Pi transporter, Os Phosphate Transporter-1;3 (OsPHT1;3), that mediates Pi uptake, translocation, and remobilization. OsPHT1;3 was directly regulated by Os Phosphate Starvation Response-2 and, in response to Pi starvation, showed enhanced expression in young leaf blades and shoot basal regions and even more so in roots and old leaf blades. OsPHT1;3 was able to complement a yeast mutant strain defective in five Pi transporters and mediate Pi influx in Xenopus laevis oocytes. Overexpression of OsPHT1;3 led to increased Pi concentration both in roots and shoots. However, unlike that reported for other known OsPHT1 members that facilitate Pi uptake at relatively higher Pi levels, mutation of OsPHT1;3 impaired Pi uptake and root-to-shoot Pi translocation only when external Pi concentration was below 5 μm. Moreover, in basal nodes, the expression of OsPHT1;3 was restricted to the phloem of regular vascular bundles and enlarged vascular bundles. An isotope labeling experiment with 32P showed that ospht1;3 mutant lines were impaired in remobilization of Pi from source to sink leaves. Furthermore, overexpression and mutation of OsPHT1;3 led to reciprocal alteration in the expression of OsPHT1;2 and several other OsPHT1 genes. Yeast-two-hybrid, bimolecular fluorescence complementation, and coimmunoprecipitation assays all demonstrated a physical interaction between OsPHT1;3 and OsPHT1;2. Taken together, our results indicate that OsPHT1;3 acts as a crucial factor for Pi acquisition, root-to-shoot Pi translocation, and redistribution of phosphorus in plants growing in environments with extremely low Pi levels.
Emotional Labour and Emotional Intelligence of Secondary School Teachers of South Asia

This research is an attempt to find out relationship between emotional intelligence and emotional labor of teacher at secondary school level in South Asia. In present era it is believed in general that high academic score in exams are not only determined by higher level of intelligence rather because of higher emotional intelligence. A number of important aspects of interpersonal and intrapersonal relationship are incorporated by emotional intelligence factors. These aspects have a deep statistical significant relation with performance of teachers.
Conserved function of the matriptase-prostasin proteolytic cascade during epithelial morphogenesis

Extracellular matrix (ECM) assembly and remodelling is critical during development and organ morphogenesis. Dysregulation of ECM is implicated in many pathogenic conditions, including cancer. The type II transmembrane serine protease matriptase and the serine protease prostasin are key factors in a proteolytic cascade that regulates epithelial ECM differentiation during development in vertebrates. Here, we show by rescue experiments that the Drosophila proteases Notopleural (Np) and Tracheal-prostasin (Tpr) are functional homologues of matriptase and prostasin, respectively. Np mediates morphogenesis and remodelling of apical ECM during tracheal system development and is essential for maintenance of the transepithelial barrier function. Both Np and Tpr degrade the zona pellucida-domain (ZP-domain) protein Dumpy, a component of the transient tracheal apical ECM. Furthermore, we demonstrate that Tpr zymogen and the ZP domain of the ECM protein Piopio are cleaved by Np and matriptase in vitro. Our data indicate that the evolutionarily conserved ZP domain, present in many ECM proteins of vertebrates and invertebrates, is a novel target of the conserved matriptase-prostasin proteolytic cascade.
IL-31 plays dual roles in lung inflammation in an OVA-induced murine asthma model

ABSTRACT Interleukin 31 (IL-31) is a four-helix cytokine made predominantly by Th2 CD4+ T cells. It was initially identified as being associated with the promotion of atopic dermatitis, where increased levels of IL-31 levels have been found and IL-31 induced the expression of proinflammatory cytokines and chemokines in a human bronchial epithelial cell line. However, subsequent study has shown that IL-31RA knockout mice developed exacerbated type 2 inflammation in the lung following infection with Schistosoma mansoni eggs. In this study, we investigated the dynamic expression of IL-31 and IL-31RA during eight consecutive ovalbumin (OVA) challenges and measured the chemokines from lung alveolar epithelial cells induced by IL-31. In addition, we examined the effect deletion of IL-31RA has on lung inflammation and the differentiation of CD4+ T cells. Our results demonstrate that the expression of IL-31 and IL-31RA was elevated after each weekly OVA challenge, although slightly less of both observed after the first week of OVA challenge. IL-31 also promoted the expression of inflammatory chemokines CCL5, CCL6, CCL11, CCL16, CCL22, CCL28, CX3CL1, CXCL3, CXCL14 and CXCL16 in alveolar epithelial cells. Migration of macrophages and T cells was enhanced by culture supernatants of IL-31-stimulated alveolar epithelial cells. Lastly, and in contrast to the IL-31 results, mice deficient in IL-31RA developed exacerbated lung inflammation, increased IL-4-positive cell infiltrates and elevated Th2 cytokine responses in draining lymph nodes. The proliferation of IL-31RA−/− CD4+ T cells was enhanced in vitro after anti-CD3/anti-CD28 antibody stimulation. These data indicate that IL-31/IL-31RA may play dual roles, first as an early inflammatory mediator promoting the secretion of chemokines to recruit inflammatory cells, and subsequently as a late inflammatory suppressor, limiting Th2 cytokine responses in allergic asthma. Summary: IL-31 plays dual roles, acting as an early inflammatory mediator promoting the secretion of chemokines to recruit inflammatory cells and subsequent negative feedback pathway for suppressing the magnitude of type 2 inflammation.
Left ventricular assist device may improve glycemic control in diabetes mellitus patients but the reverse is not true.

Diabetes mellitus (DM) is common in patients with heart failure (HF). DM is a well-established cardiovascular disease risk factor and a highly prevalent condition, known to cause poor clinical outcomes. In the US, there are currently 23 million patients diagnosed with this disease (1), and 451 million (age, 18–99 years) people with diabetes worldwide (2). This condition has long been established as a cardiovascular disease risk factor, with patients having 4- to 5-fold increased risk of congestive HF (3).
Interplay among Vaginal Microbiome, Immune Response and Sexually Transmitted Viral Infections

The vaginal ecosystem is important for women’s health and for a successful reproductive life, and an optimal host-microbial interaction is required for the maintenance of eubiosis. The vaginal microbiota is dominated by Lactobacillus species in the majority of women. Loss of Lactobacillus dominance promotes the colonization by anaerobic bacterial species with an increase in microbial diversity. Vaginal dysbiosis is a very frequent condition which affects the immune homeostasis, inducing a rupture in the epithelial barrier and favoring infection by sexually transmitted pathogens. In this review, we describe the known interactions among immune cells and microbial commensals which govern health or disease status. Particular attention is given to microbiota compositions which, through interplay with immune cells, facilitate the establishment of viral infections, such as Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV), Human Papilloma Virus (HPV), Herpes Simplex Virus 2 (HSV2).
Nanomaterials-Based Nanosensors for the Simultaneous Electrochemical Determination of Biologically Important Compounds: Ascorbic Acid, Uric Acid, and Dopamine

Abstract Ascorbic acid (AA), uric acid (UA), and dopamine (DA) are biologically important molecules which have similar structures and important tasks in the human body. Since they usually coexist in biological fluids and oxidize at overlapping potentials; developing a sensitive, selective, simple, fast, and affordable electroanalytical method for simultaneous determination of AA, UA, and DA has always been a prominent research subject. Voltammetry has become one of the most commonly used and important method amongst the other methods due to its high sensitivity and reliability. Moreover, nanomaterials have become very popular in electrochemistry recently with the use of nanosensors in determinations of molecules thanks to unique properties of nanomaterials. This review highlights the most widely used voltammetric methods and nanomaterials in simultaneous electrochemical sensing of AA, UA, and DA; provides an overview of recent studies on simultaneous determination of AA, UA, and DA, and also explains the interference effect of AA, UA, and DA to each other.
[INTERACTION OF LACTOBACILLUS PLANTARUM 337D UKM B-2627 STRAIN CELLS WITH CLAY MINERALS IN VITRO].

OBJECTIVE To characterize the interaction of Lactobacillus plantaruni 337D UKM B-2627 strain, which has probiotic properties, with kaolinite and montmorillonite. METHODS The methods of infrared spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy, the adsorption-structural static volumetric method, microbiological and statistical methods were used. RESULTS The characteristics of the porous space of clay mineral particles were practically did not change compared with initial samples during the interaction with L. plantarum 337D UKM B-2627 strain cells, pore size distribution had become wider due to the emergence of large diameter pores, reduced surface area, but the adsorption capacity and the layered structure of clay minerals preserved. For the first time the ef- fect of kaolinite and montmorillonite on growth of L. plantaruni 337D strain in vitro was studied. The greatest stimulating effect of clay minerals was observed within two hours of cultivation. The specific growth rate of L. plantaruni 337D strain was in 5.2 times higher when cultured in MRS medium with 4 % of kaolinite and 6 times more - in MRS medium with 1 % montmorillonite versus control. The presence in the medium of kaolinite or montmorillonite slowed the process of reducing pH during growth of the L. plantarum 337D strain, compared with the control. In the presence of montmorillonite pH decreased more slowly than in the presence of kaolinite. The difference between initial pH value of medium with 4 % kaolinite and after two h (ApH) was 10 times less in comparison with the control. At the same time, pH of the medium with 1 % or 4 % montmorillonite began to decrease after 4 hours of cultivation. CONCLUSIONS Different effect on the growth of L. plantarum 337D strain due to differences of physical and chemical characteristics of kaolinite and montmorillonite used in the study.