Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Long Wire Antenna-Like Behavior of Uninsulated Overhead Distribution Cables

Uninsulated overhead distribution cables are evaluated in terms of their propagation and radiation behavior when excited by a partial-discharge (PD) pulse. Low attenuation levels at high frequency and a traveling-wave radiation pattern are observed for a single aluminum cable. The dominant radiated frequency components of surface discharge and dryband arcing are experimentally evaluated, and a high level of activity is observed in the 400-600-MHz and 900-1000-MHz bands. High directivity values at specific angles are also recorded at 400 and 900 MHz for single- and three-cable distribution systems. These findings show that a PD signal will travel for a significant distance along a cable and leak radiation predominantly in a specific direction, thus assisting the design of the RF-based discharge detection and localization system.
Pharmacological management of neurobehavioural sequelae of traumatic brain injury: A survey of current physiatric practice

Objective: To describe pharmacological preference for the treatment of neurobehavioural sequela of traumatic brain injury (TBI). Design: Survey. Participants: TBI physiatrists were divided into specialists (completed a TBI fellowship or commit >70% of clinical practice time to TBI) and non-specialists. Outcome measures: Participants were asked to list the drugs most frequently prescribed for each of 15 neurobehavioural symptoms commonly encountered during TBI rehabilitation and enumerate neurobehavioural symptom for which they prescribed each listed drug or drug class. Results: There was no clear consensus on drug of choice for each target symptom. There were differences in drug choice patterns between specialists and non-specialists, especially for agitation. Conclusion: There is limited uniformity in drug selection for various TBI neurobehavioural sequela. Potential explanations include the availability of various medications with similar clinical effect, the variability of clinical presentation and severity of neurobehavioural symptoms and the lack of clinical practice guidelines.
Viscerosomatic reflexes: a review.

The concept of viscerosomatic reflexes is presented and supporting documentation from the basic and clinical sciences is reviewed. The somatic manifestations of visceral disease, including their autonomic segmental reference sites, are described. Also discussed are the palpatory findings that are consistent with diagnosis of a viscerosomatic reflex, as well as their predictive value. In addition, the principles and results of manipulative treatment for visceral disease, as well as the effect of surgery on viscerosomatic findings, are reviewed.
Quantitative Behavioural Reasoning for Higher-order Effectful Programs: Applicative Distances

This paper studies quantitative refinements of Abramsky's applicative similarity and bisimilarity in the context of a generalisation of Fuzz, a call-by-value λ-calculus with a linear type system that can express program sensitivity, enriched with algebraic operations à la Plotkin and Power. To do so a general, abstract framework for studying behavioural relations taking values over quantales is introduced according to Lawvere's analysis of generalised metric spaces. Barr's notion of relator (or lax extension) is then extended to quantale-valued relations, adapting and extending results from the field of monoidal topology. Abstract notions of quantale-valued effectful applicative similarity and bisimilarity are then defined and proved to be a compatible generalised metric (in the sense of Lawvere) and pseudometric, respectively, under mild conditions.
Fish oil decreases macrophage tumor necrosis factor gene transcription by altering the NF kappa B activity.

BACKGROUND Fish oil-supplemented diets have anti-inflammatory and immunomodulating effects, though the exact mechanism(s) are unknown. This study investigated the effects of eicosapentanenoic acid (EPA), a major component of fish oil, on transcriptional regulation of tumor necrosis factor (TNF) gene in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated macrophages (MO). METHODS RAW 264.7 cells, a mouse MO cell line, were grown in EPA-rich media for 24-48 h. MO were washed and exposed to Escherichia coli LPS (1 microg/ml) for 2 h. TNF mRNA expression was measured by Northern blot assays. Total nuclear extracts were harvested for the measurement of NF kappa B with electrophoretic mobility shift assays. Supershift assays were performed with anti-P50 or anti-P65 antibodies to show components of NF kappa B dimers. TNF production was determined by L929 bioassays. RESULTS LPS stimulated RAW cell TNF mRNA expression and NF kappa B activity. In contrast, RAW cells grown in EPA-rich media had less TNF mRNA expression and an altered composition of the NF kappa B subunits (P65/P50 dimers) in the presence of LPS. TNF production by LPS-stimulated MO was reduced by EPA. CONCLUSIONS The inhibitory effect of EPA on LPS-stimulated MO TNF gene transcription and protein elaboration is, in part, mediated through altering NF kappa B activation by reducing the P65/P50 dimers.
The importance of the spacer region to explain short channels mobility collapse in 28nm Bulk and FDSOI technologies

This work focuses on what drives the access resistance. Based on TCAD simulations, we evidence that the access resistance does depend on gate voltage. From this statement, after considering an access resistance compact model, we show that the access resistance voltage dependence generates an artificial short channel mobility collapse. Based on actual silicon data we establish link between μo-L and Rac-Vg. In particular this relation predicts that negative resistance could be extracted for narrow devices in agreement with experiments.
Effects of intersystem interference on trust in SA services for mechanized battalions

Abstract The effects of intersystem interference on an ad-hoc network were investigated by simulating the behaviour and communications of a mechanized battalion. The investigation focused on the risk for fratricide and the battalion commander's ability to control the companies' area of coverage and advice company commanders about the positioning of individual vehicles. The results show that even moderate levels of intersystem interference may hamper the battalion commander's ability to control the companies' area of coverage and provide direct support to company commanders. The investigation did not reveal any risk for fratricide due to intersystem interference.
Premature Senescence of Vascular Cells Is Induced by HIV Protease Inhibitors: Implication of Prelamin A and Reversion by Statin

Objective—To determine whether and how protease inhibitors (PIs) could affect vascular aging. Methods and Results—HIV therapy with PIs is associated with an increased risk of premature cardiovascular disease. The effect of ritonavir and a combination of lopinavir and ritonavir (for 30 days) on senescence, oxidative stress, and inflammation was evaluated in human coronary artery endothelial cells (HCAECs). These HCAECs were either cotreated or not cotreated with pravastatin or farnesyl transferase inhibitor (FTI)-277 or with 2 antioxidants (manganese [III] tetrakis [4-benzoic acid] porphyrin [MnTBAP] and N-acetyl cysteine). Senescence markers were evaluated in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from HIV-infected patients under PI treatment. PIs induced senescence markers, prelamin A accumulation, oxidative stress, and inflammation in HCAECs. Senescence markers and prelamin A were also observed in PBMCs from HIV-infected patients under ritonavir-boosted PIs. Pravastatin, FTI-277, and antioxidants improved PI adverse effects in HCAECs. Senescence markers were lower in PBMCs from PI-treated patients cotreated with statins. Conclusion—PIs triggered premature senescence in endothelial cells by a mechanism involving prelamin A accumulation. Accordingly, circulating cells from HIV-infected patients receiving PI therapy expressed senescence markers and prelamin A. Statin was associated with improved senescence in endothelial cells and patient PBMCs. Thus, PIs might promote vascular senescence in HIV-infected patients; and statins might exert beneficial effects in these patients.
Development of Fuel Cell Hybrid Vehicles in TOYOTA

A fuel cell uses hydrogen and oxygen to generate electricity and does not emit CO2, NOtimes or PM. It is a clean and highly efficient energy conversion device and it raises the expectations for the commercialization of a vehicle that uses the fuel cell as a power source. Toyota Motor Corporation (TMC) started development of fuel cell hybrid vehicles in 1992. TMC developed the fuel cell stack and major components of the fuel cell hybrid system completely in house, and began limited marketing of the TOYOTA FCHV (Fuel Cell Hybrid Vehicle) in December 2002. In June 2005, the improved FCHV became the first fuel cell vehicle in Japan to acquire vehicle type certification. TMC has been working toward the solutions of many technical challenges to realize widespread use of fuel cell vehicles, including improvement of driving range and freeze start capability as well as enhancement of their marketability.
On being the right size: increased body size is associated with reduced telomere length under natural conditions

Evolution of body size is likely to involve trade-offs between body size, growth rate and longevity. Within species, larger body size is associated with faster growth and ageing, and reduced longevity, but the cellular processes driving these relationships are poorly understood. One mechanism that might play a key role in determining optimal body size is the relationship between body size and telomere dynamics. However, we know little about how telomere length is affected when selection for larger size is imposed in natural populations. We report here on the relationship between structural body size and telomere length in wild house sparrows at the beginning and end of a selection regime for larger parent size that was imposed for 4 years in an isolated population of house sparrows. A negative relationship between fledgling size and telomere length was present at the start of the selection; this was extended when fledgling size increased under the selection regime, demonstrating a persistent covariance between structural size and telomere length. Changes in telomere dynamics, either as a correlated trait or a consequence of larger size, could reduce potential longevity and the consequent trade-offs could thereby play an important role in the evolution of optimal body size.
Maternal-fetal disproportion and birth asphyxia in rural Sarlahi, Nepal.

OBJECTIVE To assess the risk of birth asphyxia associated with maternal and newborn size. DESIGN Cohort study. SETTING Rural community in the Sarlahi district of Nepal. PARTICIPANTS Mothers and newborns (n = 3189). OUTCOME MEASURE Birth asphyxia, defined as an infant who failed to cry at birth, and who was unable to breathe or suckle normally after birth or had convulsions. RESULTS Birth asphyxia occurred in 78 of 1000 live births, and asphyxia-specific mortality was 11 per 1000 live births. After controlling for confounding factors, mothers with height shorter than 145 cm were more likely to have an infant with birth asphyxia compared with mothers 145 cm or taller (adjusted relative risk [RR], 1.5; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.1-2.0). Mothers with mid-upper arm circumference smaller than 21.5 cm carried a higher risk of delivering an infant with birth asphyxia compared with those with arm circumference greater than 23 cm (adjusted RR, 1.5; 95% CI, 1.1- 2.0). Asphyxia was more common among newborns with head circumference greater than 33.5 cm than those with head circumferences 32.6 to 33.5 cm (adjusted RR, 1.6; 95% CI, 1.1-2.2). Birth weight was not independently associated with birth asphyxia; however, there was significant interaction between maternal stature and birth weight (P = .01); a 3300-g infant born to a mother shorter than 145 cm carried a 3.8 times higher asphyxia risk (95% CI, 2.2-6.5) than an infant of median weight (2620 g) born to a mother taller than 145 cm. CONCLUSIONS In rural Nepal, maternal stunting and wasting and large infant head circumference carried higher risk of neonatal asphyxia. Maternal-fetal disproportion resulted in a synergistic elevation in asphyxia risk.
MicroRNAs as Biomarkers of the Response to Treatment with ABVD Scheme in Hodgkin Lymphoma

Hodgkin Lymphoma (HL) is a neoplasia characterized by the restrict number of malignant cells present in the lymph node. Actual criteria in diagnostic standards don’t consider genetic and epigenetic alterations as risk factors in the development of this disease or in the response of the treatment. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are important regulatory elements of genic expression that can be altered in the presence of cancer. New advances in the field suggest miRNAs as HL biomarkers. We evaluated the expression profiles of five miRNAs (hsa-miR-9, hsa-miR-20a, hsamiR- 21, hsa-miR-26a and hsa-miR-155) in the peripheral blood of three groups of patients: patients diagnosed with HL who had not received any radiologic or chemotherapeutic treatment; patients diagnosed with HL who had been treated with the Adriblastin, Bleomycin, Vinblastine and Dacarbazine (ABVD) chemotherapeutic scheme; and a control group consisting of healthy volunteers without HL. Our results showed that the expression profiles of hsamiR- 9, hsa-miR-21, hsa-miR-26a and hsa-miR-155 were able to significantly distinguish untreated HL patients from patients without the disease and that the hsa-miR-9, hsa-miR-21 and hsa-miR-155 expression profiles were altered by treatment with ABVD. These results suggest that miRNAs are promising blood biomarkers of HL and also a possible biomarkers of the response to ABVD treatment.
Towards LTE-Advanced and LTE-A Pro Network Simulations: Implementing Carrier Aggregation in LTE Module of ns-3

Carrier aggregation (CA) technology was introduced in 3GPP specification in Release 10, in 2011, as part of Long Term Evolution Advanced (LTE-A) standardization. Most of the operators recognized it as the most important technology in LTE-A since it allows to quickly turn investment in additional LTE carriers into higher data rates. This is because CA allows a quick adoption and an efficient usage of fragmented and non-contiguous spectrum. Additionally, CA is a key technology for enabling some of LTE-A Pro technologies which are proposed in Release 13 and 14, such as, aggregation with unlicensed frequencies in the downlink, known as licensed assisted access (LAA), and LAA with aggregation in the uplink, known as enhanced LAA (eLAA). In this paper we describe the CA extension of the LTE module of ns-3 network simulator that we have implemented and contributed to ns-3 community. Firstly, we describe the motivation and technology background. Then, we describe the extension from a technical perspective, highlighting the new application interface being introduced, and the modifications of prior ns-3 LTE model involving the control and data planes of both the user equipment (UE) and evolved node B (eNB) protocol stack. Finally, we provide description of example scenarios and the validation of the carrier aggregation feature providing a performance comparison of the LTE system with and without CA capability.
Empresas familiares: revisión de la literatura desde una perspectiva de agencia

En este articulo se presenta una revision comprehensiva de la literatura financiera alrededor de los principales estudios relacionados con las empresas familiares. La revision, hecha desde la teoria de agencia, enmarca la estructura de propiedad familiar dentro de los principales problemas de agencia que surgen entre gerentes y propietarios, gerentes y tenedores de deuda y accionistas mayoritarios y minoritarios. Se revisan tres decadas de articulos relacionados con las empresas familiares y publicados en las principales revistas financieras. Esta mirada a la literatura evidencia un campo de investigacion en construccion, poco explorado en America Latina, en el que se hace necesario un mayor contraste empirico para entender la estructura de propiedad familiar alrededor del mundo. Al finalizar se propone una agenda de investigacion en empresas familiares fundamentada en temas como el desempeno financiero, el papel de los herederos, la estructura de endeudamiento, la composicion de las juntas directivas, el impacto de los costos de agencia sobre el costo de capital y los beneficios privados del control.
The Johns Hopkins Fall Risk Assessment Tool: A Study of Reliability and Validity

Patient falls and fall-related injury remain a safety concern. The Johns Hopkins Fall Risk Assessment Tool (JHFRAT) was developed to facilitate early detection of risk for anticipated physiologic falls in adult inpatients. Psychometric properties in acute care settings have not yet been fully established; this study sought to fill that gap. Results indicate that the JHFRAT is reliable, with high sensitivity and negative predictive validity. Specificity and positive predictive validity were lower than expected.
Vitamin D levels, lung function, and steroid response in adult asthma.

RATIONALE Patients with asthma exhibit variable response to inhaled corticosteroids (ICS). Vitamin D is hypothesized to exert effects on phenotype and glucocorticoid (GC) response in asthma. OBJECTIVES To determine the effect of vitamin D levels on phenotype and GC response in asthma. METHODS Nonsmoking adults with asthma were enrolled in a study assessing the relationship between serum 25(OH)D (vitamin D) concentrations and lung function, airway hyperresponsiveness (AHR), and GC response, as measured by dexamethasone-induced expression of mitogen-activated protein kinase phosphatase (MKP)-1 by peripheral blood mononuclear cells. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS A total of 54 adults with asthma (FEV(1), 82.9 +/- 15.7% predicted [mean +/- SD], serum vitamin D levels of 28.1 +/- 10.2 ng/ml) were enrolled. Higher vitamin D levels were associated with greater lung function, with a 22.7 (+/-9.3) ml (mean +/- SE) increase in FEV(1) for each nanogram per milliliter increase in vitamin D (P = 0.02). Participants with vitamin D insufficiency (<30 ng/ml) demonstrated increased AHR, with a provocative concentration of methacholine inducing a 20% fall in FEV(1) of 1.03 (+/-0.2) mg/ml versus 1.92 (+/-0.2) mg/ml in those with vitamin D of 30 ng/ml or higher (P = 0.01). In ICS-untreated participants, dexamethasone-induced MKP-1 expression increased with higher vitamin D levels, with a 0.05 (+/-0.02)-fold increase (P = 0.02) in MKP-1 expression observed for each nanogram per milliliter increase in vitamin D, a finding that occurred in the absence of a significant increase in IL-10 expression. CONCLUSIONS In asthma, reduced vitamin D levels are associated with impaired lung function, increased AHR, and reduced GC response, suggesting that supplementation of vitamin D levels in patients with asthma may improve multiple parameters of asthma severity and treatment response. Clinical trials registered with www.clinicaltrials. gov (NCT00495157, NCT00565266, and NCT00557180).
Potential To Reduce Escherichia coli Shedding in Cattle Feces by Using Sainfoin (Onobrychis viciifolia) Forage, Tested In Vitro and In Vivo

ABSTRACT There is a growing concern about the presence of pathogens in cattle manure and its implications on human and environmental health. The phytochemical-rich forage sainfoin (Onobrychis viciifolia) and purified phenolics (trans-cinnamic acid, p-coumaric acid, and ferulic acid) were evaluated for their ability to reduce the viability of pathogenic Escherichia coli strains, including E. coli O157:H7. MICs were determined using purified phenolics and acetone extracts of sainfoin and alfalfa (Medicago sativa), a non-tannin-containing legume. Ground sainfoin or pure phenolics were mixed with fresh cattle feces and inoculated with a ciprofloxacin-resistant strain of E. coli, O157:H7, to assess its viability at −20°C, 5°C, or 37°C over 14 days. Forty steers were fed either a sainfoin (hay or silage) or alfalfa (hay or silage) diet over a 9-week period. In the in vitro study, the MICs for coumaric (1.2 mg/ml) and cinnamic (1.4 mg/ml) acids were 10- to 20-fold lower than the MICs for sainfoin and alfalfa extracts. In the inoculated feces, the −20°C treatment had death rates which were at least twice as high as those of the 5°C treatment, irrespective of the additive used. Sainfoin was less effective than coumaric acid in reducing E. coli O157:H7 Cipr in the inoculated feces. During the animal trial, fecal E. coli numbers declined marginally in the presence of sainfoin (silage and hay) and alfalfa silage but not in the presence of hay, indicating the presence of other phenolics in alfalfa. In conclusion, phenolic-containing forages can be used as a means of minimally reducing E. coli shedding in cattle without affecting animal production.
Tissue Models of Peritoneal Fibrosis

Objective To evaluate the utility of peritoneal pathologic samples, unrelated to peritoneal dialysis (PD) treatment, for the study of peritoneal fibrosis and inflammation. Methods Comparative morphologic and immunohistochemical study of peritoneal pathologic samples unrelated to PD with peritoneal biopsies from PD patients with special emphasis on the expression of myofibroblastic and epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition markers. Results Regarding morphology, PD-related simple fibrosis was less cellular, with greater stromal hyalinization, determining a homogeneous, hypocellular aspect of the submesothelium. In contrast, non-PD fibrosis was more cellular with an extracellular matrix showing a dense and fibrillar quality with wide bundles of collagen. Hylinazing vasculopathy was only present in PD samples. Myofibroblastic differentiation and epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition were common findings in all situations of peritoneal fibrosis. Calponin and calretinin are useful cellular markers to study such fibrogenic mechanisms and correlate with other well-known markers such as α-SMA and cytokeratins. Their expression was much more intense in those samples showing acute inflammation (peritonitis). Conclusions Non-PD models of peritoneal fibrosis seem very useful to evaluate important features of human peritoneal pathology such us fibrogenesis, and inflammation. Fibrogenic events such as myofibroblastic differentiation and epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition are evident in these tissue samples allowing us to use them as an accessible source for in vivo and ex vivo studies. Both events show their maximal expression in situations of acute inflammation supporting the important role that peritonitis episodes play in the progression of fibrosis.
EEG source imaging with spatio‐temporal tomographic nonnegative independent component analysis

This article describes a spatio‐temporal EEG/MEG source imaging (ESI) that extracts a parsimonious set of “atoms” or components, each the outer product of both a spatial and a temporal signature. The sources estimated are localized as smooth, minimally overlapping patches of cortical activation that are obtained by constraining spatial signatures to be nonnegative (NN), orthogonal, sparse, and smooth‐in effect integrating ESI with NN‐ICA. This constitutes a generalization of work by this group on the use of multiple penalties for ESI. A multiplicative update algorithm is derived being stable, fast and converging within seconds near the optimal solution. This procedure, spatio‐temporal tomographic NN ICA (STTONNICA), is equally able to recover superficial or deep sources without additional weighting constraints as tested with simulations. STTONNICA analysis of ERPs to familiar and unfamiliar faces yields an occipital‐fusiform atom activated by all faces and a more frontal atom that only is active with familiar faces. The temporal signatures are at present unconstrained but can be required to be smooth, complex, or following a multivariate autoregressive model. Hum Brain Mapp, 2009. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.