Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Treatment of Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis: A European Perspective

Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF), with the histologic correlate of usual interstitial pneumonia, has an almost uniformly poor prognosis when compared with other idiopathic interstitial pneumonias. To date, therapeutic attempts, including corticosteroids and immunosuppressive agents, have focused on targeting the inflammatory component of the disease with limited success; only 10% of patients derive significant physiological benefit with this approach. Systematic evaluation of different therapeutic regimens has previously been hampered by a nonstandardized approach to trial design, diagnostic criteria, and treatment protocols. The pathogenesis of IPF has been classically described as a predominantly inflammatory process, in response to an environmental trigger in a genetically susceptible individual, with subsequent fibrogenesis. The relative lack of efficacy of anti-inflammatory therapy has prompted an evolution in our understanding of pathogenesis, with focus on epithelial injury, dysregulation of wound healing, and the fibroblastic focus. Recent therapeutic approaches include antifibrogenic agents such as interferon, pirfenidone, and bosentan, and antioxidant therapies such as N-acetylcysteine, whereas many others are at preliminary stages of laboratory and clinical evaluation. In light of recent reclassification of the idiopathic interstitial pneumonias, this review explores the evolving theories of pathogenesis of IPF, the evidence supporting traditional anti-inflammatory and recent antifibrotic and antioxidant therapies, the idiosyncrasies of past study design, and the need for standardized treatment guidelines. At present, the course of IPF remains relentlessly progressive. The development of new therapeutic approaches, recruitment into wellconstructed large multicenter trials, and ongoing laboratory and clinical research brings renewed enthusiasm to this devastating
Using video to support teachers’ reflective practice : A literature review

Abstract Given the effort invested in workplace professional development programs, professional learning, as it takes place in context, should be examined closely to help inform the design of training mechanisms that will truly contribute to professional development. In particular, given the interest and growth in the use of video for the development of reflective practice among professionals, it appears relevant to further examine video-based mechanisms. Teacher education constitutes a fertile ground in this regard. This article thus presents a literature review on the use of video for the professional development of teachers, particularly regarding their ability to reflect on their own teaching practices. To this end, 89 articles were analyzed to bring out the participants’ learning, in terms of both the learning process itself and its effects. Our findings show that video-based training mechanisms lead to significant learning, at least in the medium term, but that the collaborative dimension of learning could be further explored.
PISA and the globalisation of education: a critical commentary on papers published in AIE special issue 4/2019

I congratulate the guest editors, Caro and Kyriakides (2019), on an interesting collection of papers on PISA; its achievements and possibilities. Some of these articles will serve as useful reference works for future research. As has been the case since the start of PISA in 2000, its implementation and published results have often been controversial and some of this controversy is reflected in these papers. The editors themselves provide a brief summary of each paper and I will not attempt to replicate that. Rather I will focus on how far the papers increase our understanding of what PISA does and how much it contributes to scientific knowledge, and also the extent to which each paper’s authors address some of the broad questions of validity and impact. I will start by offering critical comments on each paper and then provide a general review that will attempt to evaluate the global role that PISA continues to play.
The Use of Artificial Intelligence in Screening and Diagnosis of Autism Spectrum Disorder: A Literature Review

Objectives: The detection of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is based on behavioral observations. To build a more objective datadriven method for screening and diagnosing ASD, many studies have attempted to incorporate artificial intelligence (AI) technologies. Therefore, the purpose of this literature review is to summarize the studies that used AI in the assessment process and examine whether other behavioral data could potentially be used to distinguish ASD characteristics. Methods: Based on our search and exclusion criteria, we reviewed 13 studies. Results: To improve the accuracy of outcomes, AI algorithms have been used to identify items in assessment instruments that are most predictive of ASD. Creating a smaller subset and therefore reducing the lengthy evaluation process, studies have tested the efficiency of identifying individuals with ASD from those without. Other studies have examined the feasibility of using other behavioral observational features as potential supportive data. Conclusion: While previous studies have shown high accuracy, sensitivity, and specificity in classifying ASD and non-ASD individuals, there remain many challenges regarding feasibility in the real-world that need to be resolved before AI methods can be fully integrated into the healthcare system as clinical decision support systems.
Profils motivationnels à l’entrée en Faculté ou en IUT et réussite académique des étudiants

Cette etude vise a identifier les caracteristiques motivationnelles (theorie de l’autodetermination, Ryan & Deci, 2000) des etudiants a l’entree en 1re annee universitaire, selon deux contextes de formation (Faculte des Sciences et Institut Universitaire Technologique) et le lien avec la reussite academique. Trois profils motivationnels sont identifies dont deux autonomes et controles et un troisieme dit amotive qui se distribuent differemment selon les structures d’accueil. On observe egalement que la reussite en premiere annee est associee a des sous-modalites distinctes de la motivation selon les structures. Ces resultats conduisent a une reflexion en terme de leviers motivationnels differencies mais aussi en terme de projet de formation de l’etudiant et de transition lycee-universite.
Diversity Language as System Maintenance: Toward Alternative Frameworks for Addressing Racism at Predominantly White Institutions

Abstract This theoretical essay explores the ways predominantly White institutions (PWIs) “speak” about race and diversity as providing frameworks through which the campus racial environment is perceived and enacted. The major premise is that diversity language functions to conceal operations of systemic racism on campuses, producing inaction and/or “cosmetic” action that does not threaten whiteness as a position of privilege and power. White racial comfort goes unchallenged, with White students, faculty, and staff not having to recognize their complicity in campus racism or engage with racism or themselves as raced persons in a critical way. Longstanding policies and practices that secure whiteness at the expense of students of color go unchanged, as diversity language easily fits within existing organizational frameworks. After examining the various psychological and organizational mechanisms by which diversity language works to maintain universities as “White spaces”, we explore alternative languages that can highlight operations of racism that diversity language conceals and thus provide more critical frameworks to guide anti-racist action. We conclude by sharing the implications of alternative languages for practitioners and institutions and suggest future paths for researching the effects of diversity language and ways to produce recognizable change. The analysis and recommendations are applied to PWIs broadly, which includes Christian colleges and universities. However, throughout the paper we integrate unique ways Christian institutions might use White Christian logic and scripture to produce the same effects of concealment and inaction.
IMPROVEMENT IN ALTITUDE PERFORMANCE TEST AFTER FURTHER ACCLIMATIZATION

Introduction: The Altitude Performance Test is a measure designed to assess an individual’s degree of acclimatization in order to reduce the risk of acute mountain sickness (AMS) during high altitude activities. Objective: To investigate the hypothesis that test results will improve in a pre-acclimatized population after several days of further acclimatization. Methods: The Altitude Performance Test consists of an uphill run at high altitude. The event is timed and performed with continuous oxygen saturation (SaO2) monitoring. The individual’s time and lowest SaO2 measurement are recorded. This test was performed on the first day of arriving at Turin Hut (Mt. Blanc massif, Aosta Valley, Italy; elevation 3371 m), and after nine days at the same location. The 37 male participants of the German Army mountain guide course were all pre-acclimatized prior to arrival at Turin Hut. The sleeping altitude remained constant at 3371 m, and the daytime altitudes increased up to a maximum of 4808 m (Mt Blanc peak). The results of the first and second tests were compared using the Wilcoxon Signed Rank Test. Results: Test results improved significantly after a further nine days of acclimatization (Time: -11 sec, P ≤ 0.001; SaO2: +5%-points, P ≤ 0.001). This is remarkable because all soldiers were pre-acclimatized and, in general, showed only minor high altitude symptoms during the entire stay, even at the summit of Mt. Blanc. Conclusions: This indicates that the acclimatization process is not finished after amelioration of altitude symptoms. The demonstrated improvement in physical performance could prove very important, particularly during rescue or military missions performed at high altitude. Therefore, it is recommended that the additional time necessary for improved acclimatization be scheduled.
Europe as spatial imaginary? Narratives from higher education ‘policy influencers’ across the continent

ABSTRACT Europe is, in many ways, of central importance to discussions about higher education. Various European initiatives, such as the Bologna Process and the Erasmus mobility programme, have had a direct and material impact on the shape and nature of higher education across the continent. They have also been linked to wider political objectives, such as the inculcation of a European political identity, and the strengthening of the European political and economic space relative to other parts of the world. Nevertheless, the relationship between Europe and education has tended to remain rather marginalised within research. We know relatively little, for example, about how policymakers think about Europe and the extent to which it constitutes an important frame of reference for them. To start to redress this gap, we draw on an analysis of policy documents and interviews with key policy stakeholders to argue that the idea of Europe constitutes an important ‘spatial imaginary’ for higher education within the continent, and helps to frame the ways in which students are conceptualised. However, we also suggest that this is not played out in uniform ways; there are significant differences between both countries and different groups of policy actors within them.
Validation of the Power Plant Controller for Frequency Support Applications Using Hardware-in-the-Loop Testing

In recent years, the significant integration of inverter-based resources (IBRs) for grid support applications and ancillary services has increased system complexity and challenges. To address the challenges associated with the declining inertia of the system, the transmission system operators (TSO) have implemented obligatory frequency regulation anciIRllary services to be followed by customers. This paper presents the process of testing the compliance of a power plant controller (PPC) by the Electric Reliability Council of Texas (ERCOT) before deployment in the field. In particular, the functionality of primary frequency response (PFR) and fast frequency response (FFR) controllers of the PPC is demonstrated through hardware-in-the-loop (HIL) testing. The results show that tuned PPC controller with proper integration into the system can comply with ERCOT requirements.
Social Entrepreneurship and Social Inclusion: Processes, Practices, and Prospects

This book argues that embeddedness and community participation bring unique propositions for social entrepreneurship to foster social inclusion. It uncovers the role of local knowledge and grassroots level innovations to create necessary environment for the positive social change to roll. Social enterprises have proven to reduce drudgery of poor and excluded by offering creative and innovative solutions for long standing social problems. The grassroots level creative problem solving mechanisms they initiate travel through a variety of local dynamics and cultural contexts. However, social innovations quite often do not achieve their intended results, especially when they fail to understand the local contexts and embed themselves in such dynamism. In this background, the book attempts to understand and analyse the 'connect' between the social innovations and local dynamism. It argues that the community-driven innovation management which is based on local knowledge inspires the social entrepreneurial process and builds capacities and infrastructure to foster social inclusion. Each chapter in this book offers development scholars rich narration about how social problems have been approached, addressed, and altered through rich insights from communities and the social entrepreneurial teams.
Magnetic Signals in the Study of Human Brain Dynamics

Magnetoencephalography provides a totally noninvasive method to study brain function with a millisecond time resolution. The measured signal alone gives an approximate site, intensity, and orientation of the current flow in the cortex. More accurate information is obtained by applying standard source models with physiological constraints. The MEG signals are readily combined with the images obtained by other techniques, such as MRI or PET. To increase our understanding of the human brain, an obvious approach is to characterize and quantify the sequences of cortical events related to repeated stimuli or tasks with good combined temporal and spatial resolution. Magnetic signals thus open one important window for assessing brain function.
Transborder Ethnic Kin and the Dynamics of Peace Processes: Insights from the Kurdish Conflict

ABSTRACT Previous literature explains peace negotiations mainly with country-level factors or events related to the countries where the peace efforts take place. This closed polity approach contrasts with contemporary peace processes where the actors and demands transcend nation-state boundaries. This paper challenges this dominant understanding in the peace process literature and focuses on the role of the rebel groups’ transborder kin connections in affecting peace process dynamics. By studying the Kurdish Peace Process conducted between the Government of Turkey and the PKK, the paper argues that the transborder kin connections can both remedy and exacerbate bargaining problems acute to peace processes.
NEUROLOGICAL ASPECTS OF CARDIAC SURGERY WITH EMPHASIS ON CORONARY ARTERY BYPASS GRAFTING

Coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) can successfully relieve angina. However, neurological and cognitive adverse events—specifically stroke, encephalopathy (delirium), and depression, including short-term and long-term depression—may be associated with CABG. Patients at higher risk for stroke and/or encephalopathy can be identified prior to surgery. For these ‘‘high-risk’’ patients alternative approaches to conventional on-pump CABG may be considered. Short-term cognitive changes are reversible in most patients. Longer-term cognitive changes may be more related to underlying cerebrovascular disease than CABG.
Harnessing the Power of Games for E-learning in Higher Education

Learners nowadays are susceptible to stress and boredom due to the prevalence of e-learning. Young adults form their personalities in the context of dynamic networks that heavily depend on technological advances. As a way to involve learners, game-based learning refers to the adoption of some gaming ideas and their adaptation to actual contexts. Computer and video games can give e-learners the opportunity to engage in educational strategies that emphasize practical immersion and are accompanied by frameworks that foster competence, professionalism, and creative thinking. Through this study, the authors explore the use of game-based learning in the higher education sector in India. The authors aim to understand e-learners’ perceptions regarding game-based learning especially as elearning is growing in popularity and to bring out the various factors that contribute to the success of game-based learning in higher education. Based on the study, the authors also propose a 6C Strategy Model highlighting various strategies that faculty members and educators can use. The model will enable faculty members to effectively utilize game-based learning to keep the e-learners motivated and engaged throughout the e-learning process.
Enhancement Techniques for Improving Facial Recognition Performance in Convolutional Neural Networks

The advent of convolutional neural networks (CNNs) to the development of face recognition system has been a game changer in the field of computer vision and pattern recognition. This research work uses a pre trained MobileNet-V1 model to develop an effective CNN model capable of high performance. We also tackle several common facial recognition challenges which include occlusions, illumination variations, make-ups, pose variation and ageing through the use of several improvement techniques. The techniques include adopting a less computationally costly approach, transfer learning and hyper-parameter fine-tuning. The Top-1 accuracy 70.6% and Top-5 accuracy 89.5% of the base MobileNet-V1 model has been improved using these techniques to achieve training accuracy of 95% and accuracies of 96.4%, 98.0% and 99.1% on the Pins face recognition data-set, FaceScrub data-set and LFW data-set, respectively. The work done so far illustrates the need for further research into improvement techniques for convolutional neural networks.
Misunderstood, misinterpreted and mismanaged : voices of students marginalised in a secondary school

With the relentless increase in the number of converter academies, the already fragmented secondary school system is fracturing still further. Since branching points, partitions and choice are all known to contribute to inequalities, the urgency to fully understand the roots and effects of marginalisation has never been greater. What can be done to pre-empt vulnerable/socially disadvantaged students from becoming marginalised and disengaged? What are the implications for best practise within schools and the ramifications for system structures? This ethnographic study addresses the experience of marginalisation of a small group of secondary school students. It seeks to give a voice to these students as a way of understanding the triggers, causes, effects and consequences of disengagement from mainstream education. The student participants in the research have all spent some time removed from the mainstream classroom setting in a withdrawal-unit, most commonly following a period of sustained low-level disruption. The research is primarily based on semi-structured interviews, with some additional participant observation, as well as small group or one-to-one teaching undertaken by the researcher within this unit. The data gathered is analysed through a process of grounded theory and the categories emerging from this indicate that there is a range of factors which students perceive as fuelling their marginalisation within the secondary education system. Some of these factors are associated with system structures, issues of transition, groupings and pathways. Others stem from their experience in the classroom or relate to labelling and issues of identity. While several piecemeal interventions are noted, to really take the students’ experience seriously, I argue, entails moving beyond reforms and adaptations, to think about education differently. What is needed to tackle and eradicate this marginalisation, is a radically comprehensive education system structure, with ‘the social’ at its heart, where critical pedagogy is realised.
Emotion Recognition to Find Attention Level of Student During Class

: Nowadays, Machine is playing a similar role as a human being in every field of decision making, recommending something, diagnosing patients or recognising someone. That Day is not far where the machine will start commanding humans. A lot of research has been done, and some are going in the field of making a machine to visualise and detect and recognise person or objects. This technique is called Computer vision, which gives power to the machine to visualise and recognise that this person is this. With the same technology in this research, I have developed a system for recognition & expression reading with the help of deep learning to recognise the students and find their attention level using the facial expression.
Relationship of attachment security to shame in young adults

The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between early maternal attachment security and shame in young adults. Although there is much literature written about both subjects, little to no research has examined the relationship between the two. It was hypothesized that shame would be negatively and significantly correlated with attachment. Participants were 172 young adults (149 females, 23 males),(M = 21.2 yrs.) who completed a questionnaire comprised of two attachment measures' (The Parental Attachment Questionnaire [Kenny, 1990] and the maternal scale from the Inventory of Parent and Peer Attachment scale [Armsden & Greenberg, 1987]); a shame scale (Experience of Shame Scale; Andrews & Hunter, 1997); and a demographic information form. The findings showed that shame was significantly and inversely correlated with attachment. Overall, we found that attachment security was inversely related to shame. Specifically, the affective quality of the parent-child relationship, parents as facilitators of independence, trust, and communication were negatively correlated to shame. Conversely, we found that alienation was positively correlated with shame. There was a lack of a relationship between the mothers' availability as a source of support during stressful times and shame, and a lack of a relationship between communicative and bodily shame. Findings are discussed in light of other studies, which . have found that maternal warmth and empathy create in the child a sense that they are worthy, and valued.
Successful Elements of Intergenerational Dementia Programs: A Scoping Review

ABSTRACT People with dementia often experience social isolation and stigmatization. Research shows that bringing generations together can be mutually beneficial. Although intergenerational dementia programs show promising results, specific successful elements remain unclear. A scoping literature review was performed to compare intergenerational dementia programs and identify successful elements and outcomes. Successful elements included (1) including buddy systems to foster relationship building, (2) dementia education to increase knowledge, positive attitudes and empathy among younger participants, (3) Montessori-based activities, (4) being considerate about activity set-up, (5) analyzing student-reflective journals, and (6) reminiscence programs. These findings can be used to develop successful intergenerational dementia programs.