Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Human Papillomavirus Deregulates the Response of a Cellular Network Comprising of Chemotactic and Proinflammatory Genes

Despite the presence of intracellular pathogen recognition receptors that allow infected cells to attract the immune system, undifferentiated keratinocytes (KCs) are the main targets for latent infection with high-risk human papilloma viruses (hrHPVs). HPV infections are transient but on average last for more than one year suggesting that HPV has developed means to evade host immunity. To understand how HPV persists, we studied the innate immune response of undifferentiated human KCs harboring episomal copies of HPV16 and 18 by genome-wide expression profiling. Our data showed that the expression of the different virus-sensing receptors was not affected by the presence of HPV. Poly(I:C) stimulation of the viral RNA receptors TLR3, PKR, MDA5 and RIG-I, the latter of which indirectly senses viral DNA through non-self RNA polymerase III transcripts, showed dampening in downstream signalling of these receptors by HPVs. Many of the genes downregulated in HPV-positive KCs involved components of the antigen presenting pathway, the inflammasome, the production of antivirals, pro-inflammatory and chemotactic cytokines, and components downstream of activated pathogen receptors. Notably, gene and/or protein interaction analysis revealed the downregulation of a network of genes that was strongly interconnected by IL-1β, a crucial cytokine to activate adaptive immunity. In summary, our comprehensive expression profiling approach revealed that HPV16 and 18 coordinate a broad deregulation of the keratinocyte's inflammatory response, and contributes to the understanding of virus persistence.
Ictal HMPAO‐Single Photon Emission Computed Tomography Findings in Reading Epilepsy in a Japanese Boy

Summary: Reading epilepsy is rare. We report a 14‐year‐old right‐handed Japanese boy who had had jaw jerking only while reading since age 12 years. The episodes occurred every time he read an English textbook and some‐times during prolonged reading of a Japanese textbook. The jaw jerking evolved to generalized tonic‐clonic seizures (GTCS) on only two occasions during prolonged reading aloud. Routine EEGs showed no abnormality. After a few minutes of reading, however, the EEG showed bilateral 2‐Hz, 150‐μ V spike‐wave complexes with left frontotemporal accentuation, accompanied by jaw jerking. Ictal single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) with [99mTc]hexamethylpropylene amine oxime (HMPAO) showed focal hyperperfusion of the frontal lobes bilaterally and of the left temporal area. Interictal SPECT and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) were normal. The combination of valproate (VPA) and clonazepam (CZP) almost eliminated his symptoms. Ictal SPECT is a useful technique for seizure localization in reading epilepsy.
'Location, location, location': activation and targeting of MAP kinases by G protein-coupled receptors.

A growing body of data supports the conclusion that G protein-coupled receptors can regulate cellular growth and differentiation by controlling the activity of MAP kinases. The activation of heterotrimeric G protein pools initiates a complex network of signals leading to MAP kinase activation that frequently involves cross-talk between G protein-coupled receptors and receptor tyrosine kinases or focal adhesions. The dominant mechanism of MAP kinase activation varies significantly between receptor and cell type. Moreover, the mechanism of MAP kinase activation has a substantial impact on MAP kinase function. Some signals lead to the targeting of activated MAP kinase to specific extranuclear locations, while others activate a MAP kinase pool that is free to translocate to the nucleus and contribute to a mitogenic response.
Revisiting multi-node wireless magnetic resonant coupling charging in sensor networks

Wireless sensor networks have been widely studied and find applications in military as well as civil contexts. Due to limited lifetime of sensor batteries, varied approaches to extend the lifetime are intensively investigated. Recently, wireless energy charging technologies, especially the magnetic resonant coupling, have been resorted to offer sufficient energy supply for individual sensors. Seeking even higher efficiency of these wireless charging is desirable. This paper revisits the multi-node charging of the magnetic resonant coupling technology, which has higher charging efficiency and also longer charging distance when compared to other two wireless charging technologies. Our main contribution lies that we find that multi-node charging is not always beneficial and we also present an algorithm for calibrating positions of the mobile wireless charger under multi-sensor charging mode without a priori charging efficiency statistics.
Extended Approach to the Vascular Pedicle of the Gracilis Muscle Flap: Anatomical and Clinical Study

Dissection of the proximal gracilis vascular pedicle proceeds in a dark tunnel-like space deep to the adductor longus. With the application of a previously described technique for an extended approach to the lateral arm free flap, the authors describe a novel technique that improves observation and thus facilitates dissection of the proximal gracilis vascular pedicle. A retrospective review of data for 18 consecutive patients who underwent gracilis muscle free flap harvesting with this modified technique between March of 1999 and October of 2001 was conducted, to assess flap viability and patient outcomes. A cadaveric dissection was also performed, to study the anatomical features of the region in depth and to test the proposed flap modification. After the standard incision has been made, the dominant pedicle is exposed on the medial aspect of the gracilis muscle, running in a fascial cleft between the adductor longus and the adductor magnus. Intramuscular branches to the adductor longus are divided. A space is bluntly created anterior and lateral to the adductor longus by separating the fibrous connections to the surrounding adductor and sartorius muscles on both sides of the vascular pedicle. The gracilis muscle is then divided and passed deep to the adductor longus, into this space. With this new position, the final dissection of the pedicle can easily be performed. The confluence of the venae comitantes is frequently encountered, providing a larger-caliber single vein for microvascular anastomosis. The ages of the patients ranged from 9 to 70 years. The majority (14 of 18 patients) had traumatic wounds. The free flap survival rate was 100 percent. One minor complication of a seroma at the donor site was observed. One major complication of venous thrombosis was detected on postoperative day 3, with complete flap salvage. No other complications were noted. This technique is safe and permits direct approach to and excellent observation of the proximal aspect of the gracilis pedicle, without the need for headlights or deep retractors. An additional benefit is the frequent finding of a single larger vein from the merging of the venae comitantes close to the deep femoral vessels.
Prevalence and Nature of Medication Administration Errors in Health Care Settings: A Systematic Review of Direct Observational Evidence

OBJECTIVE: To systematically review empirical evidence on the prevalence and nature of medication administration errors (MAEs) in health care settings. DATA SOURCES: Ten electronic databases (MEDLINE, EMBASE, International Pharmaceutical Abstracts, Scopus, Applied Social Sciences Index and Abstracts, PsycINFO, Cochrane Reviews and Trials, British Nursing Index, Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature, and Health Management Information Consortium) were searched (1985-May 2012). STUDY SELECTION AND DATA EXTRACTION: English-language publications reporting MAE data using the direct observation method were included, providing an error rate could be determined. Reference lists of all included articles were screened for additional studies. DATA SYNTHESIS: In all, 91 unique studies were included. The median error rate (interquartile range) was 19.6% (8.6–28.3%) of total opportunities for error including wrong-time errors and 8.0% (5.1–10.9%) without timing errors, when each dose could be considered only correct or incorrect. The median rate of error when more than 1 error could be counted per dose was 25.6% (20.8–41.7%) and 20.7% (9.7–30.3%), excluding wrong-time errors. A higher median MAE rate was observed for the intravenous route (53.3% excluding timing errors (IQR 26.6–57.9%)) compared to when all administration routes were studied (20.1%; 9.0–24.6%), where each dose could accumulate more than one error. Studies consistently reported wrong time, omission, and wrong dosage among the 3 most common MAE subtypes. Common medication groups associated with MAEs were those affecting nutrition and blood, gastrointestinal system, cardiovascular system, central nervous system, and antiinfectives. Medication administration error rates varied greatly as a product of differing medication error definitions, data collection methods, and settings of included studies. Although MAEs remained a common occurrence in health care settings throughout the time covered by this review, potential targets for intervention to minimize MAEs were identified. CONCLUSIONS: Future research should attend to the wide methodological inconsistencies between studies to gain a greater measure of comparability to help guide any forthcoming interventions.
Dealing with in-stent restenosis

Stents have been shown to reduce the incidence of restenosis; however, they are not a cure. In two trials the angiographic restenosis rate was reported to be between 20% and 30% (in the Benestent II trial the unpublished quoted restenosis rate was 15%). These trials were based on stenting short, de novo lesions, in native coronary arteries. Whether such results are applicable to the widespread stenting that is currently being practised is not clear. It has been shown that the incidence of in-stent restenosis may vary according to the conditions of stenting and the vessel being stented. The number of stents deployed, whether there has been previous intervention, the size of vessel stented, the location of the lesion, whether the vessel is a native coronary artery or vein graft, co-morbid conditions such as diabetes, and stent design may all affect the incidence of in-stent restenosis. Rates of up to 40% have been reported when lesions other than de novo Benestent-type are treated. How factors such as multiple stenting promote restenosis is not always clear. The next goal in stent development therefore should be to reduce further the need for repeat intervention for any stent deployed under any circumstance. Stents prevent negative remodelling and recoil. The need for repeat intervention is predominantly because of tissue ingrowth. Extensive animal data and information from some human postmortem samples have identified the nature of in-stent restenosis. The process appears to be initiated by a giant cell based inflammatory reaction centred on the stent struts (fig 1). 1 Thereafter the responses to the stent are similar to many of the changes demonstrated previously for balloon angioplasty. Smooth muscle cells migrate through the internal elastic lamina and proliferate in the newly formed intimal layer (fig 2). 2 Angiographic studies and intravascular ultrasound suggest stents …
Compact analytical solutions for determining the spectral characteristics of multicarrier-based multilevel PWM

Multilevel pulsewidth modulation (PWM) has become very important in high-power applications in recent years. Many different types of topology and control strategy have been developed to cater for the increasing need. One of the major concerns of the control strategy is to reduce the undesirable harmonics in order to improve the performance and efficiency. This paper presents the derivation of analytical solutions for determining the spectral characteristics of the multicarrier-based multilevel sinusoidal PWM. By decomposing the multilevel PWM into a series of sub-PWM and followed by using double Fourier series analysis, compact analytical solutions for any level with any carrier phase disposition have been obtained. Closed-form solutions have also been derived for double-sided multilevel PWM under certain specific carrier phase settings. The analytical solutions have been cross verified extensively with simulations and the results match with each other very well. It is shown that the proposed analytical solutions are by far the most compact reported in the literature.
Distribution of luteinizing hormone‐releasing hormones I and II (LHRH‐I and ‐II) in the quail and chicken brain as demonstrated with antibodies directed against synthetic peptides

Polyclonal antibodies were raised in rabbits against polypeptides corresponding to the N‐terminal part (heptapeptides) of the two avian gonadotropin‐releasing hormones, chicken (c) LHRH‐I and ‐II. These peptides, which were synthesized by the continuous‐flow technique, were selected because they contained the smallest number of common amino acid residues. The pGlu‐His‐Trp‐Ser sequence at the C‐terminal was suppressed to avoid possible cross‐reactions between the antisera. The antisera generated in this way were tested for specificity by solid and liquid phase absorption as well as by antigen spot tests. The antiserum raised against cLHRH‐I recognized this peptide preferentially though not exclusively. Some cross‐reaction with cLHRH‐II was observed in the absorption test, although spotting tests suggested a total specificity. The anti cLHRH‐II appeared to be completely specific in all tests. These two antibodies were then used to study the distribution of cLHRH‐I and ‐II immunoreactive structures in the quail and chicken brain. cLHRH‐I immunoreactive perikarya were observed in a fairly wide area covering the preoptic‐anterior hypothalamic and septal region. By contrast, cLHRH‐II cells were confined to a single group located in the dorsal aspects of the occulomotor nuclei, at the junction of the di‐ and mesencephalon. A sex difference in the number of cLHRH‐I cells was detected in the anterior lateral preoptic region of the quail. Fibers immunoreactive for either cLHRH‐I or cLHRH‐II were widely distributed in the telencephalon, diencephalon, and mesencephalon but showed a specific pattern of anatomical localization. In particular, a high density of cLHRH‐I fibers were seen in the external layer of the median eminence, while cLHRH‐II fibers were less prominent at this level. Contrary to previous reports, a significant amount of cLHRH‐II fibers were however seen throughout the median einence (mostly external layer). The extensive distribution of both cLHRH‐I and ‐II fibers in the quail and chicken brain is consistent with the potential role played by these peptides in the gonadotropin secretion and in the control of reproductive behavior. The specific role of cLHRH‐II remains however elusive at present. © 1993 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Kidney tubular abnormalities in the absence of impaired glomerular function in HIV patients treated with tenofovir

Background:Tenofovir (TDF) is the most widely prescribed antiretroviral drug. Kidney abnormalities are the main concern using the drug. As glomerular function is infrequently affected in patients treated with TDF, herein, we report the results of an extensive examination of tubular function. Methods:Cross-sectional study of plasma and 24 h urine markers of kidney tubulopathy (glucosuria, hyperaminoaciduria, hyperphosphaturia, hyperuricosuria and β2-microglobulinuria) could be allocated in three groups: patients under a TDF-containing HAART; patients on HAART never exposed to TDF; and antiretroviral-naive individuals. Significant tubular damage was defined when at least two of these parameters were repeatedly present, being at least one part of the Fanconi syndrome criteria (glucosuria, hyperaminoaciduria and hyperphosphaturia). Glomerular function was assessed using creatinine clearance. Results:A total of 284 consecutive HIV patients were examined, 154 on TDF, 49 on other HAART regimens and 81 drug-naive. No significant differences in creatinine clearance were observed when comparing distinct groups. The proportion of patients with tubular damage in groups 1, 2 and 3 were 22, 6 and 12%, respectively. In a multivariate analysis [odds ratio (OR) {95% confidence interval (CI)} P], the only independent predictors of tubular dysfunction were TDF use (21.6, 4.1–113, <0.001) and older age (1.1 per year, 1.0–1.1, 0.01). Conclusion:Exposure to TDF is associated with an increased risk over time of kidney tubular abnormalities in the absence of significant impaired glomerular function. Although long-term consequences of this tubulopathy are unknown, close monitoring of accelerated bone mineral loss and renal insufficiency are warranted. Periodic screening of tubular function parameters should be recommended to patients receiving TDF.
Epoxy-based production of wind turbine rotor blades: occupational contact allergies.

BACKGROUND An industry producing rotor blades for wind turbines with an epoxy-based technology had experienced an increasing number of workers with dermatitis, among whom the frequency of occupational contact allergy (OCA) was suspected to be underestimated. OBJECTIVE To investigate the frequency of OCA by patch-testing with a specially profiled occupational patch test series. METHODS In a blinded study design, 603 workers were first interviewed and thereafter clinically examined. Based on a history of work-related skin disease, clinical findings of dermatitis, or both, 325 (53.9%) of the workers were patch-tested with an occupational patch test series and the European Standard patch test series. RESULTS Of the 603 investigated workers, 10.9% had OCA and 5.6% had contact allergy to epoxy resin in the standard test series. Contact allergy to amine hardeners/catalysts was found in 4.1% of the workers. Among the workers with OCA, 48.5% reacted to work material other than epoxy resin in the European Standard patch test series. CONCLUSION Approximately 50% of the workers with OCA would not have been detected if only the European Standard patch test series had been used.
A comparison of totally digital ADCs for SOCs

Presently, most system on chip (SoC) applications are mainly composed of digital devices. However, since SoCs also need to acquire data from the physical world, there is an increasing demand for ADCs designed on digital substracts. The core concept is to substitute the complexity of analog circuitry and not so advanced technology for easily available digital computation. This work compares two of the recently proposed totally digital analog conversion design strategies. The first approach is an ADC based on a voltage-to-delay conversion, and the second one is based on statistical sampling with a low-cost one bit comparator. The main characteristics of the designs are analyzed, and both systems were implemented, with measured data validating the theoretical results.
How digital identity on blockchain can contribute in a smart city environment

Nowadays, in this digital world, one of the biggest concerns for business and many other public entities, is to know precisely the “identity” of the users that are behind of their systems. Since the data can define a person, there have been many tries to develop technology to determine accurately who the users are and certify their basics attributes like name, address, credit record, as well as other personal characteristics like health status, hobbies and others. That is why Digital Identity has taken a significantly important role in this area and becoming as a crucial security measure in this interconnected environment. This research is a systematic mapping review with the goal of collecting all relevant existing research of Digital Identity on Blockchain technology implemented in a smart city environment. The objective of this paper is to understand the current research topics, challenges and future directions of these areas from the technical point of view. It is expected that this paper can stimulate interest in theory and practice to further discussions and research in these areas.
Lung cancer • 9: Molecular biology of lung cancer: clinical implications

It has been hypothesised that clinically evident lung cancers have accumulated many different genetic or epigenetic abnormalities in oncogenes and/or tumour suppressor genes. This notion has important clinical ramifications. Recent developments in our knowledge of the molecular biology of lung cancer are reviewed, with particular reference to genetic abnormalities in tumour suppressor gene inactivation and overactivity of growth promoting oncogenes. These changes lead to the “hallmarks of lung cancer”. These hallmarks are the new rational targets for early detection, prevention, and treatment of lung cancer.
Pregnancy outcome after ultrasound diagnosis of fetal intra‐abdominal umbilical vein varix

Fetal intra‐abdominal umbilical vein (FIUV) varix is a focal dilatation of the intra‐abdominal portion of the umbilical vein, which has been reported to be associated with intrauterine death and other anomalies. Our aim was to examine our experience with this diagnosis at a single tertiary‐care center and to correlate it with clinical outcome.
GESTANTES: CONHECENDO OS BENEFÍCIOS DA PRÁTICA DE EXERCÍCIOS FÍSICOS EM UMA UNIDADE DE SAÚDE DA FAMÍLIA, EM PORTO VELHO, RONDÔNIA.

O Ministerio da Saude (2001) relata que a gravidez nao e um estado patologico, nem uma debilidade de doencas ou inatividade, mas uma fase de diversas modificacoes anatomicas, fisiologicas e hormonais somado as transformacoes musculo-esqueletico, emocionais, circulatorias e respiratorias, estimulando adequadamente o feto para que possa crescer e se desenvolver durante esse periodo. Parafraseando Dutra & Jose (1998), a gravidez e um fenomeno fisiologico que acarreta uma serie de transformacoes no organismo materno, com a finalidade de garantir o crescimento e o desenvolvimento do feto e, ao mesmo tempo, de proteger o organismo materno, fazendo com que, ao final do processo, a gestante encontre-se em condicoes de saude satisfatoria e apta para o processo de lactacao. Estas alteracoes sao ocasionadas por necessidades funcionais e metabolicas do organismo determinadas pelo periodo de aproximadamente 38 a 42 semanas de gravidez. Durante a gestacao ocorrem alteracoes do metabolismo proteico, lipidico e glicidios; aumento do debito cardiaco, alteracoes na pressao arterial, alteracoes na dinâmica respiratoria; modificacoes do apetite, nauseas e vomitos, as quais permitem que a mulher suporte a sobrecarga de gerar um novo organismo (REZENDE et al, apud SILVA, 2004). Resende apud Nogueira (2007), observa que tambem ha alteracoes no sistema musculoesqueletico, como abdomen protuso, hiperlodose lombar e distensao da musculatura abdominal, alterando significativamente a postura da gestante em seu dia a dia, necessitando de atividades musculares compensatorias.