Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Directly imaging damped Ly α galaxies at z > 2 – III. The star formation rates of neutral gas reservoirs at z ∼ 2.7

We present results from a survey designed to probe the star formation properties of 32 damped Lyman α systems (DLAs) at z ∼ 2.7. By using the ‘double-DLA’ technique that eliminates the glare of the bright background quasars, we directly measure the rest-frame far-ultraviolet flux from DLAs and their neighbouring galaxies. At the position of the absorbing gas, we place stringent constraints on the unobscured star formation rates (SFRs) of DLAs to 2σ limits of ψ˙<0.09-0.27M⊙ yr−1, corresponding to SFR surface densities Σsfr < 10−2.6–10−1.5M⊙ yr−1 kpc−2. The implications of these limits for the star formation law, metal enrichment, and cooling rates of DLAs are examined. By studying the distribution of impact parameters as a function of SFRs for all the galaxies detected around these DLAs, we place new direct constraints on the bright end of the UV luminosity function of DLA hosts. We find that ≤13 per cent of the hosts have ψ˙≥2M⊙ yr−1 at impact parameters bdla≤(ψ˙/M⊙yr−1)0.8+6kpc, differently from current samples of confirmed DLA galaxies. Our observations also disfavour a scenario in which the majority of DLAs arise from bright Lyman-break galaxies at distances 20 ≤ bdla < 100 kpc. These new findings corroborate a picture in which DLAs do not originate from highly star-forming systems that are coincident with the absorbers, and instead suggest that DLAs are associated with faint, possibly isolated, star-forming galaxies. Potential shortcomings of this scenario and future strategies for further investigation are discussed.
On the Large R-charge Expansion in N = 2 Superconformal Field Theories

In this note we study two point functions of Coulomb branch chiral ring elements with large R-charge, in quantum field theories with N = 2 superconformal symmetry in four spacetime dimensions. Focusing on the case of one-dimensional Coulomb branch, we use the effective-field-theoretic methods of [1], to estimate the two-point correlation function Yn ≡ |x− y|2n∆O 〈 (O(x))n (Ō(y))n 〉 in the limit where the operator insertion On has large total R-charge J = n∆O. We show that Yn has a nontrivial but universal asymptotic expansion at large J , of the form Yn = J ! ( |NO| 2π )2J J α Ỹn , where Ỹn approaches a constant as n→∞, andNO is an n-independent constant describing on the normalization of the operator relative to the effective Abelian gauge coupling. The exponent α is a positive number proportional to the difference between the a-anomaly coefficient of the underlying CFT and that of the effective theory of the Coulomb branch. For Lagrangian SCFT, we check our predictions for the logarithm Bn = log(Yn), up to and including order log(J ) against exact results from supersymmetric localization [2–5]. In the case of N = 4 we find precise agreement and in the case N = 2 we find reasonably good numerical agreement at J ' 60 using the no-instanton approximation to the S4 partition function. We also give predictions for the growth of two-point functions in all rank-one SCFT in the classification of [6–9]. In this way, we show the large-R-charge expansion serves as a bridge from the world of unbroken superconformal symmetry, OPE data, and bootstraps, to the world of the low-energy dynamics of the moduli space of vacua.
Application du réseau de neurones RBFN à l'estimation des coûts de logici

Software development effort estimation with the aid of artificial neural networks (ANN) attracted research interest at the beginning of the nineties. However, the lack of a natural interpretation of their estimation process have prevented them from been accepted as common practice in cost estimation. Indeed, they have generally been viewed with skepticism by a majority of the software cost estimation community. In this paper, we investigate the use of the Radial Basis Function Networks (RBFN) in the software cost estimation field. Our main work is to describe how we choose model parameters in agreement with the neural network accuracy. Our experiment is made on COCOMO’81 dataset. MOTS-CLÉS : Modèles d'estimation des coûts, Réseau de neurones RBFN, Génie logiciel.
Turtle logic: Novel IC digital probabilistic design methodology

Future electronic devices are expected to operate at lower voltage supply to save power, especially in ultimate and new technologies. The resulting reduction of logic levels approaches the thermal noise limit, and consequently signal to noise margins are reduced, exposing computations to higher soft-error rates. In other words, the future circuits will be in a scenario where all devices may fail due to soft-error produced by trend of low SNR. In order to design reliable circuits with unreliable components, novel design techniques have been introduced. The problem of designing reliable systems with unreliable components traces back to Von Neumann, who proposed the N-tuple Modular Redundancy (NMR) technique. Additional proposals have appeared in the literature addressing the problem from the point of view of noise tolerance. For instance, the approach based on Markov Random Field theory (MRF). Take in account the Hamming distance for build basic logic gates focus to high noise and low voltage scenarios. Therefore, our proposal is based on the assumption that the devices in new and future technologies will be not perfect, noisy and hence they might fail.
Analyse de discours évaluatif, modèle linguistique et applications

Dans cet article, nous proposons un état de l’art synthétique pour mieux situer les différentes méthodes que nous avons développées pour l’analyse d’opinion. Nous présentons ensuite l’étude linguistique qui sous-tend notre approche, menée sur un corpus de 443 critiques de livres déposées par les internautes sur les sites fnac et amazon. Des formes récurrentes ainsi que des champs sémantiques privilégiés apparaissent qui caractérisent l’expression d’opinions, de jugements d’évaluation. Ces régularités en langue renseignent non seulement sur la polarité des sentiments exprimés, mais aussi sur d’autres propriétés comme leur intensité ou leur prise en charge par le locuteur. Une première mise en œuvre a partiellement validé ce modèle tout en mettant en évidence des limites dues à l’implémentation. Elle produit une qualification partielle de l’expression locale d’opinions au sein des textes en repérant différents motifs issus de l’étude linguistique, essentiellement à une échelle infra-phrastique.
Who's Contributing: Do Personality Traits Influence the Level and Type of Participation in Online Communities

This paper reports on a study that investigated the question of whether the personality traits of individuals participating in online communities affect the nature and level of their involvement. An online survey gathered data on the level and type of each participant's engagement in their online community forum, as well as data from a 44 item instrument for measuring personality type, based on the Big-Five Inventory. The findings showed that no one personality type was predominant amongst participants, but that motivations for participating varied according to personality type, and that individuals high in certain personality traits (such as neuroticism) are less likely to actively participate in much of the online activity of the community. This has implications for online consultation by governments if they wish to use online community discussions for assessing public opinion of matters of policy.
Science Watch Problem Solving and Learning

Newell and Simon (1972) provided a framework for understanding problem solving that can provide the needed bridge between learning and performance. Their analysis of means-ends problem solving can be viewed as a general characterization of the stmcture of human cognition. However. this framework needs to be elaborated with a strength concept to account for variability in problemsolving behavior and improvement in problem-solving skill with practice. The ACT* theory (Anderson. 1983) is such an elaborated theory that can account for many of the results about the acquisition of problem-solving skills. Its central concept is the production rule, which plays an analogous role to the stimulus-response bond in earlier learning theories. The theory has provided a basis for constructing intelligent computer-based tutoring systems for the instruction of academic problem-solving skills.
Physicochemical and sensory profile of rice bran roasted in microwave

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the physical, chemical, and sensory changes in bran from three rice cultivars according to microwave roasting time. This study analyzed three rice cultivars, BRS Sertaneja (S), BRS Primavera (P), and IRGA 417 (I) determining the color parameters (L*, a*, and b *) at 6, 9, 12, 15, and 18 minutes of roasting time. After applying the difference from control test, the rice brans with different characteristics aroma and flavor were selected: S and P roasted for 9 and 15 minutes and IRGA 417 roasted for 9, 12, and 15 minutes. These samples were characterized by Free-Choice Profile descriptive sensory analysis, and their chemical composition was also determined. The longer the roasting process, the higher the roasted flavor intensity and aroma. The IRG 417 cultivar roasted for 12 minutes showed a sweeter flavor and aroma. After roasting, the brans remained rich in protein and lipid and presented higher fiber content and lower reducing sugar and phytic acid content. Microwave roasting for 12 minutes can be a viable option for improving the sensory functional and nutritional characteristics of the rice bran considering its use in food products.
A bacteriophage T 7 RNA polymerase / promoter system for controlled exclusive expression of specific genes ( T 7 DNA polymerase / T 7 gene 5 protein / proteolysis / 13-lactamase / rifampicin )

The RNA polymerase gene of bacteriophage T7 has been cloned into the plasmid pBR322 under the inducible control of the X PL promoter. After induction, T7 RNA polymerase constitutes 20% of the soluble protein of Escherichia coli, a 200-fold increase over levels found in T7-infected cells. The overproduced enzyme has been purified to homogeneity. During extraction the enzyme is sensitive to a specific proteolysis, a reaction that can be prevented by a modification of lysis conditions. The specificity of T7 RNA polymerase for its own promoters, combined with the ability to inhibit selectively the host RNA polymerase with rifampicin, permits the exclusive expression of genes under the control of a T7 RNA polymerase promoter. We describe such a coupled system and its use to express high levels of phage T7 gene 5 protein, a subunit of T7 DNA polymerase. During bacteriophage T7 infection, the right-most 80% of the genome is transcribed by a phage-encoded RNA polymerase, the product of gene I (Fig. 1) (1). In contrast to the multisubunit RNA polymerases of bacteria and eukaryotes, T7 RNA polymerase is a single polypeptide of molecular weight 98,800 (2, 3). The enzyme is specific for its own promoters, a conserved 23-base-pair (bp) sequence (4-6). T7 RNA polymerase is present in relatively low amounts in T7-infected cells, constituting 0.1% of the cellular protein. To facilitate studies on its role in the initiation of T7 DNA replication (7), we have placed its gene on a plasmid under the control of the A PL promoter. When induced, T7 RNA polymerase constitutes 20% of the soluble protein, permitting a simple purification of the enzyme to homogeneity. Davanloo et al. (8) have also described the purification of T7 RNA polymerase from cells overexpressing the cloned T7 gene 1. A logical extension of these studies is to exploit the specificity of T7 RNA polymerase for its promoters to express other cloned genes. Transcription by Escherichia coli RNA polymerase can be inhibited selectively by the addition of rifampicin. Here, we use the T7 RNA polymerase/promoter system to overproduce bacteriophage T7 gene 5 protein, a subunit of the T7 DNA polymerase (Fig. 1). MATERIALS AND METHODS Strains. E. coli HMS262 (thrleu lacY thisupE hsdR tonAtrxA-) is E. coli C600 (9) transduced with hsdR and trxA-. E. coli B/7004 (10) was the donor of trxA-. E. coli HMS273 [lacar trpam phoar malam SupCCS rpsL tsx::TnJO lon(A)100 htpRam] is SG935 from S. Goff (Harvard Medical School). pACYC177 and pACYC184 have been described (11). pJL23, provided by J. Lodge and T. Roberts (Harvard Medical School), is a derivative of pACYC184 that contains 1 2 5 A0 . =-iI : M -iu -
Theoretical study of the valence and core photoemission spectra of C60

The photoionization cross section and angular distribution relative to all primary ionizations in C60 have been computed employing a convergent one-centre expansion and an LDA hamiltonian over an extended energy range. The results show the presence of very sharp shape resonances both in the valence and core spectra. Good agreement is obtained with available experimental data, notably the HOMO/HOMO-1 oscillations, the absolute total photoabsorption and the available photoionization spectra, suggesting that more structure should be observable in the low energy region.
A 3-5 mu m VLT spectroscopic survey of embedded young low mass stars I - Structure of the CO ice

Medium resolution (λ/Δλ = 5000-10000) VLT-ISAAC M-band spectra are presented of 39 young stellar objects in nearby low-mass star forming clouds showing the 4.67 μm stretching vibration mode of solid CO. By taking advantage of the unprecedentedly large sample, high S/N ratio and high spectral resolution, similarities in the ice profiles from source to source are identified. It is found that excellent fits to all the spectra can be obtained using a phenomenological decomposition of the CO stretching vibration profile at 4.67 μm into 3 components, centered on 2143.7 cm^(-1),2139.9 cm^(-1), and 2136.5 cm^(-1) with fixed widths of 3.0, 3.5 and 10.6 cm ^(-1), respectively. All observed interstellar CO profiles can thus be uniquely described by a model depending on only 3 linear fit parameters, indicating that a maximum of 3 specific molecular environments of solid CO exist under astrophysical conditions. A simple physical model of the CO ice is presented, which shows that the 2139.9 cm^(-1) component is indistinguishable from pure CO ice. It is concluded, that in the majority of the observed lines of sight, 60-90% of the CO is in a nearly pure form. In the same model the 2143.7 cm^(-1) component can possibly be explained by the longitudinal optical (LO) component of the vibrational transition in pure crystalline CO ice which appears when the background source is linearly polarised. The model therefore predicts the polarisation fraction at 4.67 μm, which can be confirmed by imaging polarimetry. The 2152 cm^(-1) feature characteristic of CO on or in an unprocessed water matrix is not detected toward any source and stringent upper limits are given. When this is taken into account, the 2136.5 cm ^(-1) component is not consistent with the available water-rich laboratory mixtures and we suggest that the carrier is not yet fully understood. A shallow absorption band centered between 2165 cm^(-1) and 2180 cn^(1) is detected towards 30 sources. For low-mass stars, this band is correlated with the CO component at 2136.5 cm^(-1), suggesting the presence of a carrier different from XCN at 2175 cm^(-1). Furthermore the absorption band from solid ^(13)CO at 2092 cm^(-1) is detected towards IRS 51 in the ρ Ophiuchi cloud complex and an isotopic ratio of ^(12)CO/^(13)CO = 68 ± 10 is derived. It is shown that all the observed solid ^(12)CO profiles, along with the solid ^(13)CO profile, are consistent with grains with an irregularly shaped CO ice mantle simulated by a Continuous Distribution of Ellipsoids (CDE), but inconsistent with the commonly used models of spherical grains in the Rayleigh limit.
Advances in PV Inverters

Renewable energies have experienced a significant growth and importance in the last two decades, of which energy from photovoltaic plants are a major contributor. Since solar cells have low efficiencies themselves, however, the necessity of high efficiency power converters at low cost and preferably low complexity leads to new research demands. This is especially true in the field of low cost residential PV inverters where efficiencies are used as major selling arguments. Traditional converter topologies equipped with conventional Silicon based semiconductors to date reach their limitations and new approaches are necessary. Therefore, research areas typically focus on both new topologies and utilizing more advanced semiconductor devices. To this end, semiconductor devices made of Silicon Carbide have been gaining increasing interest in the last two decades after the successful commercialization of high voltage power diodes. By now, the performance potential of switching devices made of Silicon Carbide is commonly accepted, though they have not found commonplace usage within commercial converter systems for several reasons, among others reliability, availability/cost and gate driver complexity. Therefore, more complex Silicon based converters can be used instead to achieve lower semiconductor losses. While there is no absolute solution in which direction to go to achieve the aforementioned design goals, this dissertation will thoroughly investigate two potential approaches and discuss their trade-offs. The contributions are: • Comprehensive loss analysis and identification of major loss contributors within T-Type converter topology operating in inverter and rectifier context. • Evaluation of the use and loss benefits of Silicon Carbide switching devices in the T-Type structure. • Thorough investigation of the Hybrid-Neutral-Point-Clamped (Hybrid-NPC) topology as an alternative for the Silicon Carbide based T-Type converter. • Alternative methodology of semiconductor loss model validation by experimental means. As to the advanced three-level T-Type converter topology, its unusual operation
Programación de Abastecimiento de Materiales en Proyectos mediante Métodos de Lote Dinámico.

Resumen– El articulo presenta la aplicacion combinada del algoritmo Wagner-Whitin para la definicion de la politica de reposicion de inventarios en un sistema de operacion basado en proyectos, integrando los niveles de capacidad y los costos del proveedor por tipo de material para reducir los costos logisticos de abastecimiento y garantizar la disponibilidad de materiales en cada etapa del proyecto. Se utilizan como datos de entrada la programacion de las actividades de un proyecto de ingenieria, con los requerimientos de materiales. Se aplica el algoritmo combinado de lo cual se obtiene el nivel optimo de costos del sistema, y la programacion del abastecimiento por fuente de suministro para cada periodo requerido. Palabras Clave– Abastecimiento, Inventarios, Proyectos, Cadena de suministro, Logistica.
Spaceflight Procedures and Operations Utilized During the Seedling Growth Experiments

Abstract Spaceflight experiments offer a unique environment for fundamental research in biology. Utilization of microgravity environments has provided insights into how plants and animals perceive and respond to gravity, or the lack thereof. However, performing spaceflight experiments on the International Space Station (ISS) requires years of planning and testing before execution. A few of the complex steps preceding the experiment include: development of the experimental timeline and programming of experimental equipment, testing hardware for biocompatibility, planning the logistics of sending samples to NASA or ESA centers for testing, and launching samples to the ISS. In this paper, using the Seedling Growth-2 spaceflight experiment as an example, we cover the entire timeline leading up to a flight experiment. These events include the Schedule Test, the Operations and Validations Test (OVT), and the Flight Build and Experiment, as well as the post-flight sample processing.
3D Gaze Tracking based on Eye and Head Pose Tracking

Eye tracking has been used in radiology for the evaluation of the visual search process to determine the effectiveness of displays in radiology workstations [2]. More recently eye tracking technology has started being used in surgeries, mainly for the quantitative assessment of surgical skills during minimally invasive surgeries. Significant differences have been found in the eye movements of novices and experts during the performance of surgical tasks [3] and it has been demonstrated that skill assessment is improved when eye-gaze data is added to surgical tool motion data [4].
AD Award Number : DAMD 1799-1-9147 TITLE : Induction of Mammary Cancer by Activated Akt PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR :

s: Schwertfeger, K.L. , Richert, M.M. , McManaman, J.L. , Lewis, M.T. , and Anderson, S.M. "Delayed Mammary Gland Involution and a Defect in Lactation in Transgenic Mice Expressing Activated Akt. ". Presented as a poster at the Mammary Gland Gordon Conference, June, 2001. Schwertfeger, K.L. , McManaman, J.L. , Richert, M.M. and Anderson, S.M. "Expression of Constitutively Active Akt in the Mouse Mammary Gland: Effects on Apoptosis and Lipid Synthesis". Presented as an oral presentation (#53-3) by KLS at the 83 Meeting of the Endocrine Society,
The surface of Mars 4. South polar cap

The south polar cap of Mars occupies a region of cratered terrain. Immediately outside the shrinking cap craters appear no more modified than those in areas farther north that are not annually frost covered. Craters showing through the frost mantle are locally as abundant as elsewhere on Mars. Only in a central region close to the pole are craters sparse. Both far- and near-encounter views reveal a highly irregular pole-cap edge. Photos of the same sector taken six days apart are near duplicates, suggesting that the irregularity is primarily ground controlled. No evidence of the classical polar collar is seen. Within the marginal zone, frost is preserved largely in crater bottoms and on slopes inclined away from the sun. Preferential retention in low spots supports the earlier suggestion that the Mountains of Mitchel may actually be depressions. An argument based on insolation as the prime factor in frost wastage and the narrow width of the marginal zone suggests that slopes of topographic features therein are mostly gentle, on the order of a few degrees. The frost cover of the pole-cap interior may range widely in thickness, obscuring parts of some craters and seemingly enhancing topographic visibility elsewhere, possibly through variations in thickness and reflectivity. Unusually bright areas on the cap surface, and differences in luminance between bright rims and the more somber floors of craters and other depressions, may be due in large part to differences in related frost textures and to the local history of evaporation and sublimation. Irregularly angular depressions within the polecap frost termed ‘etch pits’ may be the product of differential ablation or the undermining by wind of a slabby surficial crust. Encircling the south pole is a region of subdued relief with a paucity of craters, which displays enigmatic quasi-linear markings believed to be ground features. Although no satisfactory explanation of these markings has been formulated, it seems likely that this region has been occupied repeatedly by perennial masses of CO_2 ice, formed and maintained during those phases of the martian precessional cycle that resulted in short cool summers in the southern hemisphere. Such ice masses may play a role in producing the unusual features of the central polar region. Physical relationships suggest a local maximum frost thickness as great as tens of meters. The possibility should be kept in mind that remnants of perennial CO_2 ice of still greater thickness may exist locally, for example, in the ‘etch pit’ area.