Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Anatomia, função e disfunção do ventrículo direito. Revisão do Estado da Arte do JACC

Há um crescente reconhecimento do papel crucial do ventrículo direito (VD) na determinação do status funcional e do prognóstico em múltiplas condições. O VD normal é anatômica e funcionalmente diferente do ventrículo esquerdo, o que impede a extrapolação direta de nosso conhecimento da ﬁsiopatologia do lado esquerdo ao coração direito. A adaptação do VD é largamente determinada pelo nível de exposição à sobrecarga hemodinâmica (pré- e pós-carga), bem como sua função contrátil intrínseca. Esses três processos (sobrecarga de pressão, sobrecarga de volume e cardiomiopatia do VD) estão associados a evolução clínica e conduta terapêutica distintas, embora, na realidade, eles coexistam em vários graus. A estreita relação entre o VD e o ventrículo esquerdo (interdependência ventricular) e seu acoplamento à circulação pulmonar modulam
Fractionation of Brain Microtubule‐Associated Proteins

Two different tubulin-assembly-promoting proteins were isolated from porcine brain microtubule protein. Following a heat step performed on microtubule protein, the thermal-stable proteins were fractionated by chromatography on phosphocellulose and Sepharose 4B. Two highly purified associated proteins were obtained. One resembles the previously described MAP2 protein (polypeptide molecular weight approximately 300000), the other a mixture of four or five polypeptides previously described as tau protein (molecular weights between 55000 and 70000). Both proteins stimulate the polymerization of pure brain tubulin into microtubules with comparable activity. The resulting microtubules were characterized by electron microscopical analysis. Microtubules polymerized in the presence of MAP2 protein show typical side projections, which are conspicuously absent in microtubules assembled in the presence of tau protein. The latter microtubules show smooth surfaces. Some biochemical similarities and differences between the two different microtubule-associated proteins are discussed.
An Assessment of Compliance with Disclosure Requirements of IAS 41 (Agriculture) By Listed Agricultural Firms in Nigeria

This study examined the extent of compliance with disclosure requirements of IAS 41 by agricultural companies listed on the Nigerian Stock Exchange (NSE) for the period of 5 years (2013-2017). The data for the study were obtained from the published financial statements of the sampled firms for the period under review from which a compliance index were constructed, The tools for analysis used were the qualitative grading using a compliance index and the one way ANOVA purposely to test the hypotheses proposed. The study observed that three out of the four Companies achieved more than 70% with overall mean scores of 76.02%. This shows that majority of the agricultural firms in Nigeria strongly complied with the disclosure requirements of IAS 41. Based on the findings the study recommends among others that firms should strive at all times to comply with all regulatory and statutory requirement in the preparation and presentation of financial statements, giving the fact that it is a set of documents that prescribe the performance of the reporting entity. The Financial Reporting Council of Nigeria should publish annually the compliance status of all listed firms in Nigeria; so that the compliance status of every firm will become known to all interested users of financial statements; and also the Council should urge external auditors of firms to ensure that their clients are complying with the requirements of IASs issued by the International Accounting Standards Board (IASB).
Complementarity of energy resources for the electrical generation: a review

Ante las necesidades de aumentar los índices de cobertura eléctrica, generar medidas para la adaptación al cambio climático y diversificar la matriz energética de los países, se han desarrollado diversos estudios para establecer la complementariedad entre recursos energéticos. En este sentido, este documento presenta una revisión bibliográfica de algunas regiones a nivel mundial, para evidenciar las iniciativas investigativas alrededor del estudio de la complementariedad energética. Esta revisión incluye estudios que, además de establecer la complementariedad entre recursos solares, eólicos e hídricos, incluyen demanda, precios de electricidad, etcétera. De los resultados obtenidos se destaca que, si bien diversos estudios realizados en todo el mundo han demostrado que la mayor parte de la producción de sistemas de energía renovable presenta una naturaleza variable y, en parte, impredecible, hacer uso de más de un tipo de energía renovable mejora el rendimiento de estos sistemas, disminuye las fluctuaciones en la generación y aumenta la confiabilidad del sistema. Asimismo, se encuentra que el método más utilizado para la evaluación de complementariedad energética es el factor de correlación. Otros métodos incluyen simulaciones, aplicación de modelos y algoritmos de optimización. La información insumo para la realización de estos estudios proviene de los registros de los sistemas eléctricos de potencia de los países, de la aplicación de modelos de predicción meteorológica, de datos climatológicos históricos procedentes de satélites o de mediciones de estaciones meteorológicas, entre otros. Para Colombia se observan oportunidades de generar conocimiento alrededor de la complementariedad de los recursos energéticos.
Adenovirus specific T-cell responses in humans following natural infection and vaccination

The adenovirus (Ad) vector is an attractive candidate for vaccines designed to elicit cellular immunity as studies in animals and humans have proven Ad vectors are capable of inducing large transgene-specific T-cell responses. However, given that natural infection by Ad is prevalent globally, pre-existing Ad immunity is a major impediment to the use of recombinant Ad-based vaccines. Though the prevalence of pre-existing neutralizing antibodies has been well characterized, there is a lack of information on the functionality and phenotype of Ad-specific T-cell responses among heterogeneous human cohorts. The lack of protection and possible increased risk of HIV infection in the Merck Ad5 HIV vaccine STEP trial further highlights the need to understand vector-specific immunity in order to produce safe, effective Ad-based vaccines. We aimed to characterize Ad-specific T-cell responses in humans following natural infection and vaccination. Ad-specific Tcell responses were measured by stimulating peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) with whole Ad vector or overlapping Ad hexon peptide pools. PBMCs were obtained from 17 healthy adults to study natural infection and longitudinally from 40 participants in Merck phase I Ad5 HIV vaccine studies, 10 of which were enrolled in the STEP trial precursor study using the same vector, dosing, and schedule used for the STEP study. T-cell phenotype and functionality were measured by polychromatic flow cytometry. We found that both CD4+ and CD8+ Ad5-specific T-cells were universally present in subjects independent of their serostatus. Ad5-specific CD8+ T-cells exhibited an effector phenotype and produced the effector functions MIP1α and perforin whereas Ad5-specific CD4+ T-cells had an effector memory phenotype producing IL-2, IFN-γ and TNFα. Ad5-specific T-cells recognized both conserved and variable hexon epitopes making them highly cross-reactive with chimpanzee serotypes. Upon Ad5-based vaccination, Ad5-specific CD4+ T-cells were only transiently expanded and there were no differences in activation or mucosal homing marker expression between Ad5-seronegative and Ad5-seropositive subjects. These data suggest the increased risk of HIV infection observed in the STEP trial was not a result of Ad5-specific CD4+ T-cells. Ad5-specific CD8+ T-cells were also transiently expanded by Ad5-based vaccination, however, there were no changes in functionality. Together, these data suggest though pre-existing Ad-specific T-cells may reduce vaccine efficacy, they should not represent a safety concern for the use of Ad-based vaccines. Degree Type Dissertation Degree Name Doctor of Philosophy (PhD) Graduate Group Cell & Molecular Biology First Advisor Dr. Michael Betts This dissertation is available at ScholarlyCommons: http://repository.upenn. edu/edissertations/117
Factores asociados a delirium postoperatorio en adultos mayores sometidos a anestesia general en el Hospital Ángeles Metropolitano

El delirium postoperatorio (DPO) es común en adultos mayores, y se caracteriza por alteración de la consciencia y la percepción. Objetivo: Determinar los factores de riesgo preoperatorios asociados con DPO en adultos sometidos a anestesia general balanceada en el Hospital Ángeles Metropolitano. Material y métodos: Estudio transversal. Se incluyeron 50 adultos de 60 o más años, a los cuales se les aplicó el Cuestionario de Valoración de Confusión (Confusion Assessment Method) a la hora de ingreso a sala de recuperación. Se realizó un modelo de regresión logística para encontrar los factores de riesgo asociados. Resultados: Se incluyó un total de 50 pacientes con una edad promedio de 70.8 (± 7.1) años. Por sexo, 60.0% (30) fueron mujeres y 40.0% (20) hombres. Los pacientes fueron sometidos a cirugías gastrointestinales-abdominales (34%), ortopédicas (26%), urológicas (16%), cardiovasculares (12%) y otras (12%). El DPO fue detectado en 22 (44.0%) pacientes, no encontrando diferencias significativas por edad y sexo. Las variables asociadas con DPO fueron duración de la cirugía (RM = 1.04 [IC 95% 1.01-1.06, p = 0.004]) y la presencia de niveles elevados de glucosa intraoperatoria (RM = 1.02 [IC 95% 1.00-1.04, p = 0.049]). Conclusiones: El DPO es una complicación frecuente en el adulto mayor, por lo que se necesita un oportuno diagnóstico y la implementación de estrategias de prevención para esta población.
Diversidad y estructura genética de manzano prospectado en zonas de montaña de Aragón

INTRODUCCIÓN La diversidad y estructura genética de una gran parte del manzano conservado en el Noreste español fue evaluada en Urrestarazu et al. (2012). Aunque en este trabajo se incluyeron algunas accesiones prospectadas en Aragón, trabajos llevados a cabo en los últimos 10 años en el CITA en zonas de montaña, revelaron la importancia de esta especie en este área geográfica en las últimas décadas, así como el interés en profundizar en el conocimiento de la diversidad de manzano procedente de estas zonas. A través de varios proyectos de investigación se inició una prospección sistemática en zonas de montaña de las tres provincias aragonesas con el objetivo de recuperar variedades tradicionales que de esta especie aún persisten en la región. Su recuperación y conservación, así como su caracterización, es de gran relevancia ya que este material constituye una fuente de diversidad genética no suficientemente explorada. El objetivo de este trabajo ha sido evaluar la diversidad y determinar la estructura genética de manzano prospectado en Aragón en los últimos años.
What’s Not Clovis? An Examination of Fluted Points in the Far West

ABSTRACT Within thirty years of the 1927 Folsom discovery, post-Clovis fluted point types were being described in all regions North America except the Far West, where “if it’s not Folsom, it’s Clovis” remained the norm. This was largely because of the existence of a different technology, the Western Stemmed Tradition, then believed to have derived from Clovis. Only in the last twenty years has there been any discussion of the possibility of a non-Clovis fluted form in this region, although there has been a reluctance to go beyond referring to points differing from Clovis as “Clovis-like,” “Western Fluted,” or “Great Basin Fluted. ” In this paper we present the first large-scale, systematic comparison of fluted points from the Far West with Classic Clovis points in order to determine if, in fact, there is a non-Clovis fluted point form in this region, as is the case in all other regions of North America.
THE MAPPING OF READING STRATEGIES BY THE STUDENTS OF SMP N 3 PLERET

The aims of the study are to find out whether the students have certain reading strategies in comprehending English texts and what reading strategies are applied by students in comprehending English texts. The research is an expost facto study. The subjects were 88 students of class VIIA, VIIB, and VIID. The sample was random sampling method. The data collection method was surveying by filling out the questionnaire. The items in the research instrument were developed by adopting reading strategies by Thomas Kral (1995). Questionnaire items were developed in nine items and divided into four types of strategies; surveying, scanning, skimming, and phase reading. Data analysis was based on descriptive statistics obtained from the results of data processing through quantitative descriptive. The data show that students of class VII A, VIIB, and VIID of SMP N 3 Pleret usually used a reading strategy of surveying (mean 4.06) and phase reading (mean 4.0). When they read English texts, they already have an awareness to find out what reading strategies they have to apply so that they are able to comprehend the texts. The mean values of scanning and skimming strategies are 3.56 and 3.19. The strategies were sometimes applied by students in comprehending English texts.
Above-ground phytomass dynamics in a grassland steppe of Patagonia, Argentina.

Aerial phytomass and litter dynamics of a grassland steppe in Patagonia, Argentina, were studied at either monthly or bimonthly intervals for 2 years. This area is characterized by a cold and wet winter (June to September) and a warm and dry summer (December to March). The growing season extends from September to April, with moist spring and fall periods interrupted by a midsummer drought. Festuca pallescens (St. Yves) Parodi produced about 95% of the total annual phytomass. Peaks of green phytomass were recorded in spring-summer of the first growing season (33.6 +/- 2.9 g . m-2) and in early spring (35.0 +/- 2.4 g . m-2) and fall (32.7 +/- 2.7 g . m-2) of the second growing season. Less abundant forage grasses were Poa ligularis Nees ap Steudel, Bromus setifolius Presl. , Hordeum comosum Presl. , and Rytidosperma virescens (Desvaux) Nicors. Shrubs and forbs represented less than 2% of the total annual phytomass of this grassland. The relationships between phytomass production of the main species and some environmental variables are discussed. These results contribute to the knowledge of above-ground phytomass dynamics and forage availability throughout seasons of this grassland in Patagonia, and are part of the data necessary for proper range management planning. This information will permit the designing of appropriate grazing schedules by balancing the number of grazing animals to the forage resources available.
Relative reliability of four field assays to test defensive behaviour of honey bees (Apis mellifera)

SUMMARY Many assays for measuring defensive behaviour of honey bee (Apis mellifera) colonies are reported in the literature, but their reliability in most cases has not been assessed. This study was conducted to determine the reliability and convenience of four field assays: (1) a test to score behavioural traits that differ between defensive and gentle bees (ratings assay), (2) two stinging tests in which a leather patch is presented to the bees above the brood chamber (flag assay), or (3) in a confined space (box assay), and (4) a test to measure the numbers of bees recruited at the hive entrance in response to a chemical stimulus (pheromone assay). Six colonies each of three different bee types known to vary in their defensive responses (European, Africanized, and hybrid) were established and tested with the assays. To determine the reliability of the assays, coefficients of variation (CV) among trials for single colonies were calculated. Additionally, colonies were ranked according to their degree of defensiveness and their rankings compared for each and between the different assays. The mean CV for the ratings assay was 17.0%, vs. 71.8, 90.4, and 67.3% for the flag, box, and pheromone assays, respectively. The pursuing behaviour of the experimental bees was the component of the field assays that best separated gentle and defensive colonies. The mean number of pursuing Africanized bees was > 81 times higher than that of pursuing European bees. No significant interactions between day of test and colony were found. Rankings for all colonies were comparable and similar across all assays, except the box assay. All assays were able to separate gentle from defensive bee types, but the ratings assay was the most reliable, economical and practical.
Estabilidad en cuanto a color y peso, de resinas compuestas tipo flow tras contacto con bebidas gaseosas: estudio in vitro

Objetivo: evaluar la estabilidad de color de tres resinas compuestas tipo flow, mediante un colorímetro digital tras contacto durante 30 días con bebidas gaseosas. Materiales y métodos: 21 discos de 8 mm de diámetro y 2 mm de espesor fueron construidos con resina flow Alpha, Brilliant, Wave y Opallis, la evaluación de color se realizó mediante colorímetro digital y el peso con balanza de precisión, posterior al contacto en agua destilada durante 24 horas. Los discos fueron subdivididos en cuatro subgrupos (n=7) y sumergidos por 30 días en 10 ml de Coca-Cola, Fanta o saliva artificial, tras lo cual una nueva evaluación de color y peso fue ejecutada. Los datos analizados mediante las pruebas estadísticas Kruskal Wallis, Wilcoxon, Anova y Tukey. Resultados: La resina Alpha Flow presentó mayor resistencia a la variación del color después de 30 días al contacto con las bebidas gaseosas evaluadas, la Coca-Cola desencadenó mayor modificación de color en los dos materiales, sin diferencia significativa entre peso inicial y el final entre los materiales. Conclusiones: la resina ALPHA FLOW presentó mayor estabilidad al cambio de color, Coca-Cola fue la bebida gaseosa con mayor influencia en el cambio de color; sin modificación en cuanto al peso.
Parasites in Social Insects

Preface and Acknowledgments1The Biology of Social Insects32The Parasites and Their Biology243Breaking into the Fortress774Parasites and the Organization of the Colony1195Breeding Strategies and Parasites1636Host-Parasite Dynamics2047Virulence and Resistance2378Social Evolution273App. 1: Glossary287App. 2The Parasites of Social Insects291References325Subject Index381Host Taxonomic Index386Parasite Taxonomic Index393Author Index399
Occurrence of the pathogenic bacteria Pantoea agglomerans in soybean cultivation

Summary The results of monitoring of soybean crops in Ukraine revealed the occurrence of numerous pathogens. Along with the typical and common bacterial diseases of soybean, the facultative plant pathogen Pantoea agglomerans is becoming more active. In some years the pathogen is widespread and damaging, whereas in the others its development was restrained.
Marine phytoplankton primary production and ecophysiology using chlorophyll-A fluorescence

Marine phytoplankton ecophysiological state and primary production measurements have typically been controversial due to potential impacts of measurement techniques. Advances in chl-a fluorescence techniques have provided a means for rapid, non-invasive measurement of electron transport through photosystem 2 (PSII) in dilute phytoplankton suspensions. While studies on higher plants have outlined a close relationship between PSII electron transport and carbon fixation, results from studies on microalgae reveal significant variations in the relationship. Three species of phytoplankton representing three major taxonomic groups of the marine phytoplankton were used in this study: (1) Chaetoceros muelleri CS176 Lemmermann (Bacillariophyta), (2) Isochrysis galbana CS177 Parke (Haptophyta) and, (3) Nannochloropsis oculata CS179 (Droop) Hibberd (Ochrophyta, eustigmatophyte). Each species was cultured in semicontinuous culture and primary production was estimated using oxygen evolution and carbon fixation techniques and compared against predictions based on chl-a fluorescence measurements. It was found that predicted values of primary production both under-estimated and overestimated actual carbon fixation measured via radioisotope (14C) techniques. This variation was primarily explained by probable errors in the assumed values for PSII density. The relationship between oxygen evolution or carbon fixation with chl-a fluorescence-derived measures was commonly linear below the light saturation parameter, with a departure from linearity occurring at higher irradiances. This departure from linearity was greatest in cultures adapted to low light conditions. At higher light intensities alternative electron pathways such as the Mehler reaction and/or chlororespiration are likely to be more active in low light-adapted cultures, leading to this greater non-linearity. Chl-a fluorescence measurements were also found to be a useful in characterising ecophysiology using photosynthesis-versus irradiance curves. However, an important caveat on this is the measurement of PSII density ([eta]PSII) rather than use of an assumed value as changes in [eta]PSII can have a profound impact on light curve parameters. A field study in Fremantle Harbour found a healthy (negligible nutrient starvation), diatom dominated, phytoplankton community. Results suggest that phytoplankton are able to begin boosting photosynthetic capability just prior to morning twilight. Waters in the harbour were well mixed via tidal motion and substantial midday photoinhibition was not observed. Data suggest levels of primary production at the mouth of the harbour are similar to those of coastal waters in the plume of the Ocean Reef wastewater outfall.
Within-line Genetic Variation for Quantitative Characters and SSRs in Long-time Maintained Inbreds in Pearl Millet [Pennisetum glaucum (L.) R. Br.]

Six maintainer (B-) and restorer (R-) lines each from ICRISAT’s pearl millet hybrid parental line breeding program were investigated for within-line genetic variation for quantitative characters and simple sequence repeats (SSRs). Thirty two progenies of each inbred line were evaluated under two contrasting seasons and observed for 5 quantitative characters, and for 20 SSRs. Some B- and R- lines had small but significant within-line genetic variation for certain traits. Higher number of significant differences for within-line variation observed among progenies for B-lines (48%) than for R-lines (33%) indicated that ear-to-row procedure of line maintenance was more effective than bulking the phenotypically similar plants, for maintaining the genetic uniformity in inbreds. Amongst B-lines, ‘ICMB 89111’ had the maximum within-line variation for both quantitative characters and SSR markers. Amongst R-lines, ‘IPC 802’ and ‘IPC 909’ had within-line variation for maximum of 4 quantitative characters. Wide range of variability was observed for all the characters in both B- and R- lines, but genotypic coefficient of variation (GCV) was very low. SSRs were able to detect low level of residual heterozygosity in some of the inbreds