Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Primary hyperparathyroidism is associated with abnormal cortical and trabecular microstructure and reduced bone stiffness in postmenopausal women

Typically, in the milder form of primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT), now seen in most countries, bone density by dual‐energy X‐ray absorptiometry (DXA) and detailed analyses of iliac crest bone biopsies by histomorphometry and micro–computed tomography (µCT) show detrimental effects in cortical bone, whereas the trabecular site (lumbar spine by DXA) and the trabecular compartment (by bone biopsy) appear to be relatively well preserved. Despite these findings, fracture risk at both vertebral and nonvertebral sites is increased in PHPT. Emerging technologies, such as high‐resolution peripheral quantitative computed tomography (HRpQCT), may provide additional insight into microstructural features at sites such as the forearm and tibia that have heretofore not been easily accessible. Using HRpQCT, we determined cortical and trabecular microstructure at the radius and tibia in 51 postmenopausal women with PHPT and 120 controls. Individual trabecula segmentation (ITS) and micro–finite element (µFE) analyses of the HRpQCT images were also performed to further understand how the abnormalities seen by HRpQCT might translate into effects on bone strength. Women with PHPT showed, at both sites, decreased volumetric densities at trabecular and cortical compartments, thinner cortices, and more widely spaced and heterogeneously distributed trabeculae. At the radius, trabeculae were thinner and fewer in PHPT. The radius was affected to a greater extent in the trabecular compartment than the tibia. ITS analyses revealed, at both sites, that plate‐like trabeculae were depleted, with a resultant reduction in the plate/rod ratio. Microarchitectural abnormalities were evident by decreased plate‐rod and plate‐plate junctions at the radius and tibia, and rod‐rod junctions at the radius. These trabecular and cortical abnormalities resulted in decreased whole‐bone stiffness and trabecular stiffness. These results provide evidence that in PHPT, microstructural abnormalities are pervasive and not limited to the cortical compartment, which may help to account for increased global fracture risk in PHPT. © 2013 American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.
The influence of inoculum composition on selected bioactive and nutritional parameters of grass pea tempeh obtained by mixed-culture fermentation with Rhizopus oligosporus and Aspergillus oryzae strains

Tempeh is a popular Indonesian product obtained from legume seeds by solid-state fermentation with Rhizopus sp. The aim of this research was to study the effect of simultaneous mixed-culture fermentation of grass pea seeds on selected parameters of products as compared to traditional tempeh. The inoculum contained different ratios of Rhizopus oligosporus and Aspergillus oryzae spores. The simultaneous fermentation of grass pea seeds with inoculum consisting of 1.2 × 106 R. oligosporus and 0.6 × 106 A. oryzae spores (per 60 g of seeds) resulted in a product of improved quality, as compared with traditionally made tempeh (obtained after inoculation with 1.2 × 106 R. oligosporus spores), at the same fermentation time. This product had radical scavenging ability 70% higher than the one obtained with pure R. oligosporus culture and contained 2.23 g/kg dm of soluble phenols. The thiamin and riboflavin levels were above three (340 µg/g dm) and two (50.50 µg/g dm) folds higher than in traditionally made tempeh, respectively. The product had 65% in vitro bioavailability of proteins and 33% in vitro bioavailability of sugars. It also contained 40% less 3-N-oxalyl-L-2, 3-diaminopropionic acid (0.074 g/kg dm), as compared to traditional tempeh.
Tutorat au centre de simulation de la Faculté de Médecine de Nice Sophia Antipolis : retour d'expérience

Introduction : L’apprentissage eu raisonnement clinique constitue un objectif prioritaire des etudes medicales ; il est sanctionne par les Epreuves Classantes Nationales informatisees (ECNi). Experimentalement, les seances de simulation dediees ont montre leur efficacite dans cette optique. L’enseignement par simulation et l’enseignement par les pairs sont en plein essor ces dernieres annees. De nombreuses etudes ont ete menees pour mesurer l’interet de chacune de ces methodes d’enseignement au cours des etudes de medecine, mais leur association n’a pas ete etudiee dans l’apprentissage du raisonnement clinique. Cette etude a ete menee pour mesurer l’impact sur le raisonnement clinique de seances de simulation realisees en DFGSM 2 et 3, encadrees soit par des tuteurs (DFASM1 et 2) formes a la simulation soit par des enseignants titulaires. Methode : Nous avons organise 2 seances de simulation medicale pour les etudiants de DFGSM2 et DFGSM3, encadrees soit par des etudiants volontaires de DFASM1 et de DFASM2 soit par des enseignants titulaires. Les etudiants ont ete evalues par un Test de Concordance de Scripts (TCS) avant la seance et trois semaines apres les seances. Deux groupes d’experts ont ete constitues : tuteurs ou medecins seniors. Les etudiants tuteurs ont ete evalues en pre-seances sur leurs resultats aux examens du premier semestre et post-seances sur leurs resultats a l’Examen Clinique Transversal (ECT). On a egalement evalue leurs resultats a long terme sur leurs resultats un an plus tard a l’ECT de DFASM2 pour les etudiants de DFASM1 ou a l’ECNi pour les etudiants de DFASM2. Resultats : Les etudiants de DFGSM2 et 3 ont significativement progresse au TCS, quel que soit le panel d’experts choisi. La progression etait non significativement differente selon qu’ils aient ete encadres par des tuteurs ou des enseignants titulaires. Les etudiants tuteurs n’etaient pas differents de leurs collegues n’ayant pas participe au projet en ce qui concerne leurs donnees demographiques et leurs resultats academiques aux examens pre-seances de simulation. Ils ont progresse significativement a l’ECT, aussi bien en DFASM1 que DFASM2. Cette progression persiste un an apres, qu’il s’agisse de l’ECT pour les etudiants de DFASM 1 ou du rang de classement a l’ECNi pour les tuteurs de DFASM 2 (difference non significative). Conclusion : Nos resultats confirment les resultats preliminaires. Ce modele de tutorat est pertinent aussi bien pour les etudiants encadres que pour les tuteurs.
ANÁLISE DA SATISFAÇÃO DE USUÁRIOS DE SOFTWARES LIVRES EM UM INSTITUTO FEDERAL DE ENSINO E DO QUESTIONÁRIO APLICADO UTILIZANDO O COEFICIENTE ALFA DE CRONBACH

A utilizacao de softwares livres vem crescendo dentro das empresas, despertando o interesse dos gestores publicos. Seguindo tendencias do cenario mundial, o governo brasileiro tem se esforcado para implantar o software livre dentro da administracao publica. O objetivo deste trabalho e avaliar o grau de satisfacao dos servidores de um instituto federal de ensino com a utilizacao de softwares livres para execucao de suas tarefas rotineiras. Para a avaliacao da satisfacao dos servidores, aplicou-se um questionario com 19 afirmativas, divididas em quatro dimensoes. Aplicou-se o coeficiente Alfa de Cronbach para avaliar a confiabilidade e consistencia da pesquisa. Os resultados apresentados revelam uma grande desmotivacao dos entrevistados com a utilizacao desses sistemas. Fatores como dificuldade de entendimento e de aprendizagem, incompatibilidade com outros sistemas e insatisfacao com a agilidade das funcoes sao apontados como principais motivos da rejeicao aos softwares livres. Alem disso, observou-se uma ampla preferencia dos entrevistados pela utilizacao de softwares proprietarios quando disponivel.
Therapeutic Effectiveness of an Herbal Medicinal Product of Hibiscus sabdariffa in Hypertensive Patients: A 16 Week Controlled and Randomized Clinical Study

Background: The antihypertensive effectiveness of extracts from Hibiscus sabdariffa, has been reported in clinical studies of short term. This paper reports the therapeutic effectiveness, safety, and tolerability of an Herbal medicinal Product of Hibiscus sabdariffa administered during 16 weeks to hypertensive patients. Study design: Randomized, double-blind, controlled clinical trial. Patients: Adults with mild-to-moderate hypertension. Interventions: Experimental, capsules with H. sabdariffa extract (standardized in 100 mg of total anthocyanins); Control, capsules with Lisinopril (5 mg). Dosage: One capsule every 12 h for 16 weeks. Primary outcome: Therapeutic effectiveness (reduction ≥ 10 mmHg of baseline diastolic blood pressure); Tolerability (absence of intense adverse reactions); Safety (absence of pathological changes in liver and kidney biochemical tests). Statistical analyses: χ2, Student t, log-rank tests and ANOVA for repeated measurements. Results: One hundred fifteen subjects were included; 57 comprised the experimental group. The therapeutic effectiveness observed in the control group was greater than that in the experimental group (p=0.0001); however, the experimental group showed a significant reduction of the blood pressure at the end of 16 weeks of treatment (24/14 mmHg; p=0.0001). Fourteen patients did not tolerate the nocturnal dosage of experimental treatment (24.5%), reporting increase in nocturnal urinary frequency, and a sole control patient did not tolerate the treatment (1.7%; p=0.0003). Safety was 100% with both treatments. Conclusions: In hypertensive subjects, the therapeutic effectiveness of herbal medicinal product of H. sabdariffa (200 mg of anthocyanins/daily), administered during 16 weeks, was less than that of Lisinopril; however, the experimental treatment significantly reduced systolic and diastolic blood pressure and shows 100% safety. Because H. sabdariffa extract acts as diuretic, the night administration is contraindicated. More clinical studies are necessary to better evaluate the effectiveness and tolerability of the chronic administration of H. sabdariffa standardized extracts in hypertensive patients.
Novel FabH inhibitors: an updated article literature review (July 2012 to June 2013)

Introduction: Fatty acid biosynthesis is essential for the bacterial viability and growth. In recent years, β-ketoacyl-acyl carrier protein synthase III (FabH) become an attractive new target, which catalyzes the first step of fatty acid biosynthesis, and FabH inhibitors could be potential candidates for antibacterial agents. In this review, recent advances in the research of FabH inhibitors are reviewed. Areas covered: This updated review summarized new patents and articles publications on FabH inhibitors within July 2012 to June 2013. Expert opinion: The review gives the latest development in the area of FabH inhibitors which aim to solve the bacterial resistance. The potent antibacterial activities of the selected compounds are probably correlated to their FabH inhibitory. Molecular docking of the most potent compound in every kind of compounds against FabH was also reviewed to explore the binding mode of the compound at the active site
Protocol for Enhanced in situ Bioremediation Using Emulsified Edible Oil

Abstract : Management of groundwater contaminated with chlorinated solvents, perchlorate, and explosives is one of the Department of Defense's (DoD's) greatest environmental challenges. Chlorinated solvents have been used for years in both the military and commercial sectors for cleaning and degreasing many products and equipment including aircraft engines, automobile and truck parts, electronic components, and clothing. Widespread use of these compounds has resulted in impacts to the environment. Because of their physical and chemical properties, most chlorinated solvents are relatively recalcitrant in the subsurface, are more difficult to access once they are in the ground, and take longer to remediate. Similarly, groundwater contaminated with perchlorate has become a major environmental issue for the DoD due to the use, release, and/or disposal of solid rocket fuel and munitions containing ammonium perchlorate. These releases have resulted in extensive contamination of groundwater supplies. Perchlorate is highly soluble in water and poorly sorbs to mineral surfaces. The objective of this protocol is to provide guidance on the use of emulsified edible oils for enhanced 'in situ' anaerobic bioremediation. Edible oils have been applied at more than 60 commercial and military sites nationwide. Although emulsified oils are well demonstrated in the laboratory and the field, this technology continues to evolve. This protocol is based on the current state of practice at the time of writing.
Influence of laser phase noise on dispersive optical fiber communication systems

Noise from semiconductor lasers in dispersive optical communication systems can give rise to a BER floor. Due to frequency-to-intensity noise conversion, the impact of laser phase noise increases with the fiber length. It is shown that the maximum transmission distance for dispersion-supported transmission obtained in laboratory experiments is mainly determined by the laser phase noise.
Parkin-deficient Mice Exhibit Nigrostriatal Deficits but Not Loss of Dopaminergic Neurons*

Loss-of-function mutations in parkin are the major cause of early-onset familial Parkinson's disease. To investigate the pathogenic mechanism by which loss of parkin function causes Parkinson's disease, we generated a mouse model bearing a germline disruption in parkin. Parkin–/– mice are viable and exhibit grossly normal brain morphology. Quantitative in vivo microdialysis revealed an increase in extracellular dopamine concentration in the striatum of parkin–/– mice. Intracellular recordings of medium-sized striatal spiny neurons showed that greater currents are required to induce synaptic responses, suggesting a reduction in synaptic excitability in the absence of parkin. Furthermore, parkin–/– mice exhibit deficits in behavioral paradigms sensitive to dysfunction of the nigrostriatal pathway. The number of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra of parkin–/– mice, however, is normal up to the age of 24 months, in contrast to the substantial loss of nigral neurons characteristic of Parkinson's disease. Steady-state levels of CDCrel-1, synphilin-1, and α-synuclein, which were identified previously as substrates of the E3 ubiquitin ligase activity of parkin, are unaltered in parkin–/– brains. Together these findings provide the first evidence for a novel role of parkin in dopamine regulation and nigrostriatal function, and a non-essential role of parkin in the survival of nigral neurons in mice.
ROS During the Acute Phase of Ang II Hypertension Participates in Cardiovascular MAPK Activation But Not Vasoconstriction

Abstract—The relations among hypertensive response, oxidative stress, and mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) in cardiovascular tissues have not been fully established. We investigated the involvement of reactive oxygen species on changes in the hemodynamics and cardiovascular MAPKs activities induced by acutely administered angiotensin II (Ang II) in conscious normotensive rats with or without treatment with a superoxide dismutase mimetic, 4-hydroxy-2,2,6,6-tetramethyl piperidinoxyl (tempol). Intravenous infusion of a pressor dose of Ang II rapidly increased mean arterial blood pressure (MBP) by 53±5 mm Hg. After a 30-minute treatment with Ang II, phosphorylated MAPKs (ERK1/2, JNK, p38) as well as thiobarbital reactive substances (T-BARS) were increased in the aorta and cardiac left ventricle. Tempol had no significant effect on the elevation of MBP elicited by Ang II; however, it dose-dependently suppressed the augmented phosphorylation of cardiovascular MAPKs and increased T-BARS levels in plasma and tissues induced by Ang II. An acutely administered pressor dose of phenylephrine, an &agr;-adrenoceptor agonist, also showed tempol-sensitive cardiovascular MAPK activation and tempol-insensitive blood pressure elevation. These in vivo data indicate that acute administration of Ang II or phenylephrine provoked an increase in oxidative stress in the cardiovascular tissues leading to the activation of MAPKs, whether it was mediated by pressure overload or the direct action of these vasoconstrictors, and that oxidative stress might not have a major contribution to the acute hypertensive responses elicited by the vasoconstrictors.
Wind Power Fluctuation Smoothing Controller Based on Risk Assessment of Grid Frequency Deviation in an Isolated System

Wind power fluctuation raises the security concern of grid frequency deviation, especially for an isolated power system. Thus, better control methodology needs to be developed to smooth the fluctuation without excessive spillage. Based on an actual industrial power system, this paper proposes a smoothing controller to suppress the power fluctuation from doubly-fed induction generator (DFIG)-based wind farm. This controller consists of three main functionality components: risk assessment model, wind turbine rotor speed optimizer, and rotor speed upper limiter. In order to avoid unnecessary energy loss, this paper designs a risk assessment model of grid frequency deviation, which is capable of locally estimating the maximum grid frequency deviation risk of the next dispatch cycle. A wind turbine speed optimizer then uses the estimated frequency deviation risk to search for the optimal power curve with reduced output so that a trade-off between fluctuation smoothing and energy loss is achieved. Subsequently, the controller limits the maximum rotor speed to shift down the power curve of wind power plant based on the optimal wind turbine rotor speed. Therefore, the power fluctuation is smoothed along with the down-regulated power curve. A numerical case study demonstrates the effectiveness and economy of this smoothing controller for the studied isolated system.
[1-(11)C]Acetate as a quantitative perfusion tracer in myocardial PET.

UNLABELLED Our objective was to investigate the properties of [1-(11)C]acetate as a quantitative perfusion tracer for myocardial PET studies. METHODS We determined the flow dependence of the effective acetate extraction by a comparison with [(13)N]ammonia in 24 patients at rest (n = 8) and under pharmacologic vasodilation (n = 16). Furthermore, we compared the statistical quality of the perfusion values derived with both tracers. Quantification was based on an irreversible 2-compartment model for [(13)N]ammonia and a reversible 1-compartment model for [1-(11)C]acetate. Area-conserving polar maps were used to determine the correlation between the unidirectional uptake parameters of both tracers on a pixel-by-pixel basis for the whole left ventricular myocardium. RESULTS A fit of a generalized Renkin-Crone formula to the data yielded the unidirectional acetate extraction fraction E(f) = 1 - 0.64e(-1.20/f). An extraction correction based on this formula led to good quantitative agreement of perfusion values derived with [(13)N]ammonia and [1-(11)C]acetate over the whole observed flow range (average difference of flow values, 3%; correlation coefficient, 0.96). This agreement proved the applicability of acetate as a quantitative perfusion tracer even under stress conditions. An analysis of the statistical properties of the parameter estimates showed, moreover, that statistical errors were reduced by a factor of nearly 2 in comparison with ammonia. CONCLUSION [1-(11)C]acetate allows accurate quantification of myocardial perfusion with PET at rest as well as under stress conditions. The use of acetate leads to distinctly improved statistical accuracy for the perfusion estimates in comparison with ammonia. This accuracy facilitates the generation of reliable parametric polar maps, which are especially useful for clinical application of myocardial perfusion quantification.
Averaged Neural Electrical Activity and Arousal

Multiple-unit activity from many brain sites of the unrestrained cat was recorded by means of an averaging technique during all phases of sleep and waking. All thalamic and medial reticular sites showed activity levels closely correlated with the animal's observed behavior even under conditions when the electroencephalogram appeared dissociated from behavior.
Expression and identification of the RfbE protein from Vibrio cholerae O1 and its use for the enzymatic synthesis of GDP-D-perosamine.

The 4-amino-6-deoxy-monosaccharide D-perosamine is an important element in the glycosylation of interesting cell products, such as antibiotics and lipopolysaccharides (LPS) of Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. The biosynthetic pathway of the precursor molecule, GDP-D-perosamine, in Vibrio cholerae O1 starts with an isomerisation of fructose-6-phosphate catalyzed by the bifunctional enzyme phosphomannose isomerase-guanosine diphosphomannose pyrophosphorylase (RfbA; E.C. 2.7.7.22) creating the intermediate mannose-6-phosphate, which is subsequently converted by the phosphomanno-mutase (RfbB; E.C. 5.4.2.8) and further by RfbA to GDP-D-mannose, to GDP-4 keto-6-deoxymannose by a 4,6-dehydratase (RfbD; E.C. 4.2.1.47) and finally to GDP-D-perosamine by an aminotransferase (RfbE; E.C. not yet classified). We cloned the rfbD and the rfbE genes of V. cholerae O1 in Escherichia coli expression vectors. Both biosynthetic enzymes were overproduced in E. coli BL21 (DE3) and their activities were analyzed. The enzymatic conversion from GDP-D-mannose to GDP-D-perosamine was optimized and the final product, GDP-D-perosamine, was purified and identified by nuclear magnetic resonance, mass spectrometry, and chromatography. The catalytically active form of the GDP-4-keto-6-deoxy-D-mannose-4-aminotransferase seems to be a tetramer of 170 kDa. The His-tag RfbE fusion protein has a Km of 0.06 mM and a Vmax value of 38 nkat/mg protein for the substrate GDP-4-keto-6-deoxy-D-mannose. The Km and Vmax values for the cosubstrate L-glutamate were 0.1 mM and 42 nkat/mg protein, respectively. The intention of this work is to establish a basis for both the in vitro production of GDP-D-perosamine and for an in vivo perosaminylation system in a suitable bacterial host, preferably E. coli.
High Field EPR Studies of Mouse Ribonucleotide Reductase Indicate Hydrogen Bonding of the Tyrosyl Radical*

Ribonucleotide reductase catalyzes by free radical chemistry the reduction of ribonucleotides to deoxyribonucleotides. The R2 protein of a class 1 ribonucleotide reductase contains a stable tyrosyl radical of neutral phenoxy character, which is necessary for normal enzymatic activity. Here we present the EPR spectra from the tyrosyl free radical in the R2 protein from mouse at 9.62, 115, and 245 GHz. We show that the g-value anisotropy of the mouse R2 radical, when precisely determined from high field EPR spectra, is similar to that of the hydrogen bonded dark stable YD˙ tyrosyl radical of photosystem II and different from that of the Escherichia coli R2 radical. Because the g-value anisotropy is an important indicator of the hydrogen bonding status of the tyrosyl radical, this result suggests that the mouse R2 radical has its tyrosylate oxygen hydrogen bonded with a D2O exchangeable proton, whereas this hydrogen bond is absent in the E. coli enzyme. It is suggested that the observed proton may be derived from the tyrosine that will become a tyrosyl radical.
Use of recurrence quantification analysis in virtual reality training: A case study

The aim of the present study was to apply recurrence quantification analysis (RQA) to surface electromyographic (sEMG) signals during virtual reality training. It has been previously demonstrated that the percentage of determinism (%DET) assessed by RQA may be related to the synchronization of motor units. The experiment consisted of three weeks of training using the Nintendo Wii Fit® software, Wii Fit balance board and the Nintendo Wii® system for a healthy male in his early twenties. Myoelectric signals were acquired from the right peroneus longus and soleus muscles. During the course of the virtual training, in-game balance tests and a soccer simulator were employed. There appeared to be a gradual decrease in %DET as the subject trained. As a result, it can be suggested that RQA may be a viable method for measuring motor learning during rehabilitation.