Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
FK506‐induced neurotoxicity in liver transplantation

We report FK506‐induced neurotoxicity in 14 of 44 consecutive patients following orthoptic liver transplantation. In 10 of these 14 patients, postural hand tremors were found in the first weeks following surgery, transient apraxia of speech in 3, and generalized tonic‐clonic seizures were noted in 2 patients. Other manifestations included nightmares, agitation, and acute delirium. Reduction of the FK506 dose resulted in resolution of symptoms, but in 1 patient mild speech difficulties and in 3 patients a fine tremor remained. Blood and plasma levels of FK506 were similar in patients with and without neurotoxicity. FK506 neurotoxicity in patients with liver transplantation commonly results in transient neurological manifestations. The incidence of neurotoxicity in FK506 is dramatically reduced in maintenance doses of 0.075 mg/kg twice a day.
Study of Lift-Off Invariance for Pulsed Eddy-Current Signals

Lift-off invariance (LOI) is getting much attention from researchers in the field of electromagnetic nondestructive evaluation (ENDE) because, at the LOI point, eddy-current signals for different lift-offs intersect and the signal amplitude is independent of the lift-off variance. We discuss our ongoing research into LOI, starting from an overview of the state-of-the art of pulsed eddy-current testing (PEC) systems and their use in the elimination of the lift-off effect. We have investigated LOI characteristics with respect to variation in the configuration of the PEC probe in a theoretical study, implemented by extended truncated region eigenfunction expansion (ETREE) modeling. We found that: 1) the LOI occurs when the first-order time derivative of the magnetic field signals are acquired from Hall sensors; 2) an LOI range instead of a single LOI point, when multiple lift-offs are introduced through both experimental and theoretical studies. The LOI range varies with the Hall sensor position in the probe assembly and the conductivity of the samples under inspection, which are important parameters for the design and development of PEC systems. Based on this understanding, we investigated new approaches using theoretical computation and multiple lift-off, or magnetic sensor arrays, for conductivity and lift-off estimation. Our study can be extended for design and development of multipurpose eddy-current sensor systems for surface form measurement and defect detection.
Are Myogenin and MyoD1 Expression Specific for Rhabdomyosarcoma?: A Study of 150 Cases, With Emphasis on Spindle Cell Mimics

Rhabdomyosarcoma (RMS), the most common soft tissue sarcoma of childhood, displays a variety of histologic patterns. Immunohistochemistry is used extensively to distinguish RMS from its mimics. Myogenin and MyoD1, myogenic transcriptional regulatory proteins expressed early in skeletal muscle differentiation, are considered sensitive and specific markers for RMS and are more specific than desmin and muscle-specific actin and more sensitive than myoglobin. Previous studies have focused on expression of myogenin and MyoD1 in small round cell tumors. This study assesses myogenin and MyoD1 in rhabdomyosarcoma subtypes and spindle cell tumors considered in the differential diagnosis of RMS. Formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded archival tissue from 32 RMS, 107 non-RMS, and 11 benign skeletal muscle samples was stained for myogenin and MyoD1 with standard immunohistochemical techniques. Nuclear positivity was scored on a three-tiered scale. All RMSs expressed myogenin. Alveolar RMS (ARMS) showed strong nuclear staining, especially in tumor cells lining fibrous septae and perivascular regions. In cases with a subtle alveolar architecture on routinely stained sections, myogenin highlighted and enhanced visualization of the alveolar morphologic pattern. Embryonal RMSs (ERMSs) were more variable in myogenin staining pattern and intensity. No cases of nodular fasciitis, malignant fibrous histiocytoma, malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor, inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor, myofibrosarcoma, leiomyoma, leiomyosarcoma, or alveolar soft part sarcoma stained for myogenin. Focal nuclear reactivity was seen in desmoid (2 of 10), infantile myofibromatosis (2 of 10), synovial sarcoma (1 of 10), and infantile fibrosarcoma (2 of 10). Non-neoplastic skeletal muscle fiber nuclei stained positively for myogenin in both tumor-associated samples (25 of 40) and benign skeletal muscle samples (5 of 11). Although all RMSs were immunoreactive for MyoD1, cytoplasmic and nonspecific background staining and reactivity of nonmyoid tissues hindered its practical utility in paraffin-embedded samples in this study. Although myogenin is a highly sensitive and specific marker for RMS, it is rarely seen in other spindle cell soft tissue tumors. As previously reported, ARMS stained more strongly than ERMS. In contrast to previous studies, rare non-RMS (7 of 107) displayed focal nuclear reactivity, and entrapped atrophic or regenerative skeletal muscle fibers also stained positively. Although these are potential pitfalls in the interpretation of myogenin, careful attention to morphology and other features, to the relative paucity of myogenin-positive nuclei in non-RMS, and to the presence of entrapped muscle fibers should prevent incorrect interpretation. Because the extent of myogenin expression in RMS is much greater than in non-RMS, it is a very useful marker when interpreted in the context of other clinicopathologic data.
Pruritus on Hemodialysis

the uremic syndrome, but it is not present m Patients with acute renal failure regardless . lt of the cause and the degree of azotemia. subsides following the institution of hemodialysis but in a good percentage of P_atients, recurs while they are on dial~sts. Many drugs have been tried to relieve pruritus during dialysis with an overall ~oor result with the exception of lidocaine gtven intravenously. 1 Some of these patients h~ve secondary hyperparathyroidism and pr~ntus disappears following subtotal parathyrotde~­ tomy.2 Kidney transplantation relieves thts symptom immediately following a successful transplant.
Dependence of the ocean‐atmosphere partitioning of carbon on temperature and alkalinity

We develop and extend a theoretical framework to analyze the impacts of changes in temperature and alkalinity on the ocean‐atmosphere carbon partitioning. When investigating the impact of temperature, we assume that there is no change in the global ocean alkalinity. This idealized situation is probably most relevant on intermediate timescales of hundreds to thousands of years. Our results show that atmospheric pCO2 depends approximately exponentially on the average ocean temperature, since the chemical equilibria involved have an exponential (Arrhenius‐type) dependence. The dependence of pCO2 on alkalinity is more complicated, and our theory suggests several regimes. The current ocean‐atmosphere system appears to have an exponential dependence of pCO2 on global mean ocean alkalinity, but at slightly higher alkalinities, the dependence becomes a power law. We perform experiments with a numerical physical‐biogeochemical model to test the validity of our analytical theory in a more complex, ocean‐like system: in general, the numerical results support the analytical inferences.
Purification and Enzymic Properties of Mot1 ATPase, a Regulator of Basal Transcription in the Yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae *

The 1867-residue Mot1 protein is a member of a superfamily of ATPases, some of which are helicases, that interact with protein-nucleic acid assemblies. Mot1 is an essential regulator of RNA polymerase II-dependent transcriptionin vivo and dissociates TATA box-binding protein (TBP)-DNA complexes in vitro. Mot1-(His)6 was purified to apparent homogeneity from yeast extracts. The preparation efficiently dissociated TBP·TATA complexes, suggesting that no other protein or cofactor is required. Mot1 behaved as a non-globular monomer in hydrodynamic studies, and no association was detected between differentially tagged co-expressed Mot1 constructs. ATPase activity was stimulated about 10-fold by high ionic strength or alkaline pH, or by deletion of the N-terminal TBP-binding segment, suggesting that the N-terminal domain negatively regulates the C-terminal ATPase domain (Mot1C). Correspondingly, at moderate salt concentration, Mot1 ATPase (but not Mot1C) was stimulated ≥10-fold by yeast TBP, suggesting that interaction with TBP relieves a conformational constraint in Mot1. Double- or single-stranded TATA-containing DNA did not affect ATPase activity of Mot1 or Mot1C, with or without TBP. Mot1 did not exhibit detectable helicase activity in strand displacement assays using substrates with flush ends or 5′- or 3′-overhangs. Mot1-catalyzed dissociation of TBP from DNA was not prevented by a psoralen cross-link positioned immediately preceding the TATA sequence. Thus, Mot1 most likely promotes release of TBP from TATA-containing DNA by causing a structural change in TBP itself, rather than by strand unwinding.
Early catheter removal after radical retropubic prostatectomy: long-term followup.

PURPOSE We examine the complication and continence rates with early catheter removal (day 3 or 4) after radical retropubic prostatectomy. MATERIALS AND METHODS A total of 365 patients with localized prostate cancer underwent radical retropubic prostatectomy at Indiana University Hospital with planned urethral catheter removal before discharge home. Low pressure cystograms were performed on postoperative day 3 or 4 to determine if catheter removal was possible. A subset of patients were analyzed using a validated prostate cancer specific questionnaire (University of California, Los Angeles Prostate Cancer Symptom Index) to determine quality of life outcomes. RESULTS The catheter was removed on postoperative day 3 or 4 in 263 patients (72%). The reasons for leaving the catheter indwelling were significant leak on cystogram or excessive suprapubic drainage (21%), extensive bladder neck reconstruction (1%) and prolonged hospitalization because of an ileus or other complicating factor (6%). Thirteen patients (3.6%) were either unable to void after catheter removal or presented with retention (not associated with hematuria or clots) after hospital discharge, requiring reinsertion of the Foley catheter. A total of 41 patients (11%) had either an early or late complication (excluding incontinence). There were 3 complications (0.8%) that were considered major because they were potentially life threatening or required a return to the operating room. A pelvic abscess developed in 2 patients and a lymphocele in 1, which required percutaneous drainage. After at least 6 months (mean 20.9 months) 140 patients (89.2%) and 14 (8.9%) reported excellent and good continence, respectively. The patient questionnaire demonstrated bother scores to be minimal to no bother for 95% to 98% of patients at 6 and 12 months. CONCLUSIONS This study confirms that it is safe to remove catheters in most patients 3 to 4 days after prostatectomy if a cystogram demonstrates no extravasation. Complication rates and continence rates with this approach compare favorably with series in which catheters are left indwelling for longer periods.
Changes in intrinsic functional brain networks following blast-induced mild traumatic brain injury

Abstract Objective: Blast-induced mild traumatic brain injuries (mTBI) commonly go undetected by computed tomography and conventional magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). This study was used to investigate functional brain network abnormalities in a group of blast-induced mTBI subjects using independent component analysis (ICA) of resting state functional MRI (fMRI) data. Methods: Twenty-eight resting state networks of 13 veterans who sustained blast-induced mTBI were compared with healthy controls across three fMRI domains: blood oxygenation level-dependent spatial maps, time course spectra and functional connectivity. Results: The mTBI group exhibited hyperactivity in the temporo-parietal junctions and hypoactivity in the left inferior temporal gyrus. Abnormal frequencies in default-mode (DMN), sensorimotor, attentional and frontal networks were detected. In addition, functional connectivity was disrupted in six network pairs: DMN–basal ganglia, attention–sensorimotor, frontal–DMN, attention–sensorimotor, attention–frontal and sensorimotor–sensorimotor. Conclusions: The results suggest white matter disruption across certain attentional networks. Additionally, given their elevated activity relative to controls', the temporo-parietal junctions of blast mTBI subjects may be compensating for diffuse axonal injury in other cortical regions.
An Integrated Framework Of Web 2.0 Technology And A Collaborative Learning

This paper contributes to the suitability of web 2.0 technology in implementing collaborative learning and proposes an integrated framework of Web 2.0 tools and collaborative learning activities. This paper is also identifying the mismatch between adopting web 2.0 technologies and the delivery of the curriculum on the cloud or via the Internet. It is found that Web 2.0 and a collaborative learning are two platforms to be easily synchronized due to their common attributes that enable their complementariness. This paper argues that integrated framework of Web 2.0 and CL allow users exploit teaching/learning materials maximally and at the same upsurges learners’ understanding in the subject knowledge. Suitable of Web 2.0 in implementing curriculum was also encouraged since the proposed framework consists of both components of Web 2.0 functions and activities of collaborative learning environment. Pedagogically, there has been a mismatch between E-learning technologies and mode of delivery, for instance, E-learning platforms are widely used to increase content accessibility only while now this framework introduces that Web 2.0 technology of E-learning can also be used to create, share knowledge among users. The proposed framework if efficiently exploited will also allow users at all levels create personalized learning environment which suits perspective teaching/learning styles of the users. Apart from academic achievement or enhancements of the teaching and learning processes, the proposed framework also would help learners develop generic skills which are very important in the workplaces. As a result of this, fast and independent learning technically depend on technology based pedagogy and in this case, this proposed model has two dimensions which are very crucial to the enrichment of students learning activities.
T cell epitopes of type II collagen that regulate murine collagen-induced arthritis.

Chick type II collagen (CII), a protein commonly found in joint cartilage, induces an autoimmune arthritis when administered to susceptible strains of mice. A cyanogen bromide fragment of CII, CB11, contains the requisite epitopes critical for inducing collagen-induced arthritis. If administered as a tolerogen, however, before immunization, CB11 prevents the onset of disease. Therefore, delineation of structural elements of CB11 that can regulate autoreactive T cells became the goal of this study. To delineate the structural elements of CB11 antigenic to T cells, 14 peptides containing overlapping sequences of CB11 were generated. Mononuclear cells from CII-immunized DBA/1 mice were cultured with these peptides and the resulting supernatants examined for the production of IFN-gamma. Two peptides, CII 181-209 and CII 245-270, generated the greatest responses. The ability of these two peptides to regulate arthritis was tested by administering them to neonatal DBA/1 mice as tolerogens before immunization with CII. Both peptides suppressed the incidence of arthritis whereas no other peptide used as a tolerogen significantly altered the course of the disease. T cells from four arthritis-resistant murine strains did not recognize either peptide when immunized with CII, whereas cells from the disease-susceptible B10.Q mice responded well to both. Thus, the coincidence of T cell responses to CII 181-209 and CII 245-270 in CIA-susceptible mice and the lack of response in disease-resistant strains or CII-tolerized mice identify these two peptides as containing important T cell epitopes that regulate CIA.
Quality of life perspectives in long‐term care: staff and patient perceptions

In the rehabilitation of chronically mentally ill patients, social impairments and multiple disabilities necessitate the use of comprehensive and complex services encompassing many areas of life. It is suggested that quality of life (QoL) can be used as an organizing framework for long‐term care. Subjects in the present study included staff and patients from a rehabilitation unit that offers individualized long‐term care, day services, inpatient and outreach facilities. Using subjective indices, staff and patient perceptions of QoL were compared across several life domains. Significant differences between the 2 groups were found in several areas, including leisure activities, law and safety, and health. The implications of these findings for long‐term care are discussed.
Low-complexity channel-adapted space-time coding scheme for frequency-selective wireless MIMO channels

By exploiting the wireless multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) channel structure, a brand new space-time code design criterion is derived. Based on the new criterion, we propose one low-complexity channel-adapted space-time (CAST) coding scheme, where trade-offs among codeword error rate, data throughput, and computational complexity are very flexible. Simulation results confirm that, in the frequency-selective MIMO channels, the CAST coding scheme can perform significantly better than the existing space-time codes, e.g., Alamouti space-time orthogonal code.
Oral anatomical defects associated with cleft palate and cleft lip

Patients suffering from a cleft palate and/or cleft lip present evident anatomical defects in both formations. However, these developmental disorders are often accompanied by important disturbances in other anatomical structures of the mouth and adjacent tissues that may affect normal dental occlusion and, consequently, the basic functions of mastication and phonation. The objectives of the present work were to describe and discuss the above structural modifications, presenting several clinical cases in which the anatomical defects are described together with the functional implications. The anomalies found include important variations in the number of teeth, the position, disposition and relation of the alveolar processes, and the impairment of dental occlusion. In the cases studied, these anatomical defects have elicited prominent alterations in the normal functions of mastication and phonation, and also in facial aesthetics. Photographs of mouths, dental casts, and X-rays are used to illustrate our report
Evolutionary quantitative genetics: how little do we know?

Our emphasis is on the genetic basis of quantitative variation, and its effects on the evolution of quantitative. Our review indicates that few experiments approach basic issues such as the number of loci that contribute to within-population variation, the rate of polygenic mutation, the extent of pleiotropy, the mechanisms that maintain additive variance, and the reasons for reduced fitness of extreme phenotypes
Transcranial Doppler in acute hemispheric brain infarction

We studied cerebrovascular anatomy using intra-arterial digital angiography, and blood flow velocity in the middle cerebral artery (MCA) using transcranial Doppler (TCD) ultrasonography in 42 patients with acute hemispheric ischemic brain infarction. We compared angiography with TCD and the clinical findings within 6 hours of the onset of symptoms. The location and extent of the chronic ischemic brain damage was assessed by CT performed 1 to 3 months after the ictus. Abnormal TCD, as manifested by either an unobtainable MCA flow signal or a significantly depressed MCA flow velocity, was highly associated with proximal MCA occlusions demonstrated by angiography. Abnormal TCD predicted both larger chronic CT lesions and more extensive ischemic change within the MCA territory. These data demonstrate that early TCD conveys useful information concerning cerebral tissue prognosis following hemispheric ischemia.
Gastric Interleukin‐8 and IgA IL‐8 Autoantibodies in Helicobacter pylori Infection

Gastric infection with Helicobacter pylori is frequently characterized by neutrophil infiltration. The production of the neutrophil‐activating peptide (NAP‐1/IL‐8) and mucosal IgA autoantibodies to IL‐8 by human antral biopsies have been examined during short‐term in vitro culture. Detectable IL‐8 was secreted by 84% of H. pylori‐negative patients with normal antral mucosa (range <0.07–61.5 ng/mg biopsy protein, n=19). Concentrations in 4 patients with reactive gastritis and 10 with inactive gastritis were not significantly different from subjects with normal mucosa. In H. pylori‐positive patients with active gastritis and neutrophil infiltration into the epithelium (n=17) IL‐8 secretion was significantly increased relative to subjects with normal mucosa (p > 0.0001), inactive gastritis (p <0.001) and reactive gastritis (P<0.01). IL‐8 concentrations in active gastritis were significantly correlated with the extent of epithelial surface degeneration (r=0.64). IgA autoantibodies were present in 19 patients (13 active, 4 inactive gastritis) and concentrations were significantly correlated with IL‐8 production (p<0.001). Gastric synthesis of IL‐8 is likely to be an important factor in regulating mucosal neutrophil infiltration and activation in patients with H. pylori infection. The local production of IgA antibodies to IL‐8 may represent a down‐regulatory response of the host to limit mucosal damage associated with a chronic bacterial infection.