Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Update on Translocation in Legumes Translocation in Legumes: Assimilates, Nutrients, and Signaling Molecules

Translocation or long distance transport in plants is achieved by a vascular network that connects and is an integral part of all organs. The vasculature comprises two distinctly different and separate cellular translocation pathways: xylem and phloem. The principal xylem pathway is the transpiration stream that moves nutrients and water taken up by roots to the shoot. This stream also bears products of root metabolism and solutes that reflect features of the internal and external root environment. Phloem provides the means for redistributing xylem-delivered solutes to weakly transpiring organs, but most significantly phloem distributes the carbon assimilated by photosynthesis (principally as Suc) to heterotrophic organs like roots, vegetative and reproductive apices, flowers, fruits, and developing seeds. Together these two translocation streams provide all the nutrients and assimilates, in appropriate forms and proportions, to enable growth and development in an ordered and regulated fashion. Because translocation connects distant components of the plant body, xylem and phloem have long been considered to fulfill a role in communicating between organs, through the movement of plant hormones and other signaling molecules. Such signals are envisaged to move with assimilates by mass flow. However, phloem also transmits pressure/concentration (turgor) information at rates greatly in excess of mass flow of solutes (Thompson and Holbrook, 2004) and long distance electrical signaling is also thought to be directionally propagated via vascular bundles (Brenner et al., 2006). These action potential or osmotic signals may prove to have a significant regulatory role in terms of phloem function but are outside the scope of this article. Most recently our understanding of the functional significance of phloem has been extended with the realization that it also provides a conduit for trafficking macromolecules (nucleic acids and proteins), some of which may regulate gene expression as a consequence of their translocation (Banerjee et al., 2006; Lough and Lucas, 2006; Jones-Rhoades et al., 2006). Similarly root-derived signals that are postulated to regulate shoot processes are believed to move in xylem (Beveridge, 2006; Kinkema et al., 2006) together with a suite of secreted proteins (Buhtz et al., 2004). While the supporting evidence for these diverse roles of translocation has been gathered from many species, this article will highlight information that is specific to legumes where it is available, drawing particularly on data from the author’s laboratory for members of the genus Lupinus.
Marketing Orientation in SMEs: Effects of the Internal Environment

Marketing orientation can be described as a culture in which organizations strive to create superior value for their customers (and superior performance for the business) by focusing on customer needs and long‐term profitability. Some studies have found that firms with a high degree of marketing orientation experience improved performance; othershave found mixed or non‐significant results. While all firms are strongly influenced by their external environment, small to medium sized firms (SMEs) may be even more influenced by their own internal culture. The smaller firms are less bureaucratic and more a reflection of their own specific leadership and internal circumstances. The marketing orientation of these firms may in part be determined by such factors as the scope of the business or the managerial style of the president. This study examines the market orientation of SMEs relative to several characteristics of the organization and the managerial style and background of the company president. In addition, marketing orientation is examined relative to company performance in terms of both change in sales and change in profits. The results of this study confirm some earlier research on marketing orientation and provide some new insights and questions on this important strategic dimension.
A gamma-based regression for winning price estimation in real-time bidding advertising

In Real-Time Bidding (RTB) advertising, estimating the winning price is an important task in evaluating the bid cost of bid requests in Demand-Side Platforms (DSPs). The prior works utilize censored linear regression for winning price estimation by considering both winning and losing bid records. In the traditional regression models, the winning price of each bid request is based on Gaussian distribution. However, the property of Gaussian distribution is not suitable for the winning price of each bid request, and it is hard to link the physical meaning of Gaussian distribution and the winning price. Therefore, in this paper, based on our observation and analysis, the winning price of each bid request is modeled by a unique gamma distribution with respect to its features. Then we propose a gamma-based censored linear regression with regularization for winning price estimation. To derive the parameters of our proposed complicated model based on bid records, our approach is to divide this hard problem into two sub-problems, which are easier to solve. In practice, we also provide four heuristic initial parameter settings that are able to greatly reduce the computation cost when deriving the parameters. The experimental results demonstrate that our approach is highly effective for estimating the winning price compared with the state-of-the-art approaches in three real datasets.
Changes in sufentanil pharmacokinetics within the neonatal period.

Decreased clearance rate and increased elimination half-life of the synthetic narcotics, sufentanil and fentanyl, have been reported in neonates when compared to older infants, children, and adults (1,Z). The mechanisms for these pharmacokinetic differences noted in neonates as well as the time period at which mature drug metabolism occurs are unknown. We describe three infants who had sequential pharmacokinetic studies of sufentanil within the neonatal period where maturation of drug metabolism was observed.
Carotid wars episode VI: Return of the standard.

In modern medicine, a novel treatment or procedure typically needs decades to demonstrate efficacy compared with the previous standard and to make its way into routine clinical practice. More than 20 years ago, the young Challenger, carotid endarterectomy (CEA), defeated the old Standard, medical treatment, in the battlefields of North American Symptomatic Carotid Endarterectomy Trial (NASCET) and European Carotid Stenosis Trial (ECST). This victory established a new era of “The Surgical Empire,” and CEA was crowned as the treatment of choice for moderate and severe symptomatic carotid stenosis. However, despite the overall robust benefit from CEA, there were some fronts where the victory was less rotund. Subgroup analysis of pooled data from the large randomized controlled trials (RCTs) showed the lowest degree of benefit from surgery in women, patients 50%, the number needed to treat by CEA increased 4-fold in women, 3-fold in patients aged <65 years, and 25-fold in whom surgery was performed …
Computational Aspects of Optional Pólya Tree

Optional Pólya tree (OPT) is a flexible nonparametric Bayesian prior for density estimation. Despite its merits, the computation for OPT inference is challenging. In this article, we present time complexity analysis for OPT inference and propose two algorithmic improvements. The first improvement, named limited-lookahead optional Pólya tree (LL-OPT), aims at accelerating the computation for OPT inference. The second improvement modifies the output of OPT or LL-OPT and produces a continuous piecewise linear density estimate. We demonstrate the performance of these two improvements using simulated and real date examples.
Formation and characterization of tin layers for metal gate electrodes of CMOS capacitors

In this study, ultrathin films (thickness of less than 20 nm) of titanium nitride (TiN) to be used as gate electrodes for CMOS (Complementary Metal Oxide Semiconductor) technology were obtained. These ultrathin films were obtained by electron beam evaporation of ultrathin layers (1 or 2 nm thick) of titanium (Ti) followed by ECR (Electron Cyclotron Resonance) plasma nitridation of nitrogen (N2). After deposition and nitridation of the titanium, in order to prevent oxidation of the films, in the same nitriding ECR reactor, a-Si:H (hydrogenated amorphous silicon) films were deposited by CVD (Chemical Vapor Deposition) using SiH4/Ar plasma. These films of a-Si:H were implanted with phosphorus (P+) and annealed by rapid thermal annealing to turn them n+ dopped and polycrystalline. Thus, MOS metal gate electrodes were formed with n+ Poly-Si/TiN structures.
The Impact of Organizational Design on the Effectiveness of Project Management: A Case Study from the UAE Public Sector

The research on project management effectiveness has been extensive and controversial infused by the pragmatic need for project management (PM) to achieve tangible and predictable results in practice. The notion that organizations of all sorts can realize their goals by using project management in their businesses, increase the challenge for projectbased organizations (PBO) to succeed in project management using project management. This study provides an example on how to investigate the status of project management effectiveness in PBOs in order to enhance their performance. To approach the first part of the problem, the five processes of project management were identified from prevailing PM standards, being PMBOK and OPM3, to determine the subject of effectiveness – which is the effective succession of projects through the phases of initiation to closing. Then a theoretical process maturity model (PM2) was used to articulate the descriptive characteristics of PM effectiveness for each process. The finding was that comparing the process maturity level (PML) to actual project performance can reveal the status of effectiveness for each of the processes, which opens the door to questioning the organizational factors affecting such status. In the second part of the problem, the complexities of the organizational phenomenon was reduced to a single research-based definition i.e. organizational design, to allow for the pluralization of the structural and social characteristics accentuating the organization’s reality. Five organizational structure dimensions and their substantiated attitudes and behaviours were identified to study, through them, the impact of organizational design on project management effectiveness in the organization selected for study (ABC). Data was collected from eight members of the organization using a detailed case-study methodology. The ’expert interview’ questions were aligned with, and backed by, the theoretical findings of the literature review and organized into five groups, firstly, to identify the organization’s state of effectiveness and, secondly, to identify the structural and behavioural characterises associated with the current PM effectiveness. The study culminate by concluding that organizational design and PM effectiveness are correlated based on the findings confirming that as much as the organizational factors control people’s behaviour, they also make the people develop reversed behaviours that either impair or enhance the status of effectiveness, in return.
Drivers of Smart Governance: towards to evidence-based policy-making

This paper presents the preliminary framework proposed by the authors for drivers of Smart Governance. The research question of this study is: What are the drivers for Smart Governance to achieve evidence-based policy-making? The framework suggests that in order to create a smart governance model, data governance and collaborative governance are the main drivers. These pillars are supported by legal framework, normative factors, principles and values, methods, data assets or human resources, and IT infrastructure. These aspects will guide a real time evaluation process in all levels of the policy cycle, towards to the implementation of evidence-based policies.
DWDM-interleaved photonic architecture for wired and wireless services

A spectrally efficient optical distribution system based on frequency interleaving is investigated. The technique shows effective interleaving of three channels of baseband signals for wired applications with a data rate of 2.5 Gbps and three channels of 62.5 GHz radio-over-fiber for wireless services with a data rate of 1.25 Gbps, with complete spectrum occupying a bandwidth of 110 GHz. The interleaved signal thus contains six users is transmitted over 60 km standard SMF without any dispersion compensation. The performance of this hybrid system is evaluated on the basis of BER, OSNR, Q-factor and receiver sensitivity.
First demonstration of 15nm-WFIN inversion-mode relaxed-Germanium n-FinFETs with Si-cap free RMG and NiSiGe Source/Drain

This work demonstrates the feasibility of an inversion-mode relaxed Ge n-FinFET scaled down to 15-nm fin width and sub-40-nm gate length. CMOS-compatible processing steps such as STI formation, replacement metal gate (RMG), in-situ Phosphorus-doped raised-Source/Drain and a Ni-based contact scheme have been successfully implemented. This first industry-compatible Ge n-FinFET has a G<sub>M,SAT,EXT</sub> / SS<sub>SAT</sub> of 250 μS. μm<sup>-1</sup> / 130 mV.dec<sup>-1</sup> (at the targeted V<sub>DS</sub>=0.5V) which is on par with accumulation-mode junction-less Ge n-FETs.
Urine assessment in the critically ill: a matter of both quantity and quality

In this issue of Revista Brasileira de Terapia Intensiva, Masevicius et al.(1) reported on the behavior of the plasma chloride concentration ([Cl]plasma) of 148 consecutive postoperative patients in the first 24 hours after their intensive care unit (ICU) admission. The authors’ major finding was that, at the end of the first day in the ICU, the [Cl]plasma was primarily dependent upon the [Cl]plasma on ICU admission and on the urinary strong ion difference ([SID] urine), also called the urinary anion gap. There were 3 patient groups: (1) increased, (2) decreased or (3) unaltered [Cl]plasma during the 24 hours period. The increased [Cl]plasma group had the lower [Cl ]plasma on ICU admission and the higher strong ion gap (SIG), i.e., the higher concentration of unmeasured anions. The opposite was observed in this same group after 24 hours: the higher [Cl]plasma and the lower SIG. The volume of infused fluids and the SID of these fluids (only crystalloids) on the first ICU day were similar between groups, which led the authors to conclude that the fluids received during this period were not responsible for the distinct between-group [Cl]plasma behaviors. These results must be carefully interpreted. First, it is intuitive that the [Cl]plasma on ICU admission is a determinant of the [Cl ]plasma after 24 hours because the latter greatly depends on the former (which was different between groups) and the amount of [Cl–] received during this 24 hours period (which was similar between groups). Normal saline, which has a high [Cl–] content (154mEq/L, well above the initial [Cl]plasma in the 3 groups), was the primary fluid used; therefore, a decreased or even an unchanged [Cl]plasma would not be expected. On the contrary, an increase in the [Cl]plasma would be expected in all groups, particularly in the group with the lower initial [Cl]plasma. At this point, the [SID]urine and the total urine volume play crucial roles. Because the kidneys are the major organs responsible for the SID regulation in plasma, it is expected that both the urine volume and [SID]urine are determinants of the final [Cl]plasma. Diuresis volume in the 24 hours period was similar between groups, which directed our attention to the [SID]urine. The urine is the main fluid by which we excrete [Cl–]. Urinary [Cl–] excretion is of paramount relevance in acid-base equilibrium because it is usually the anion that follows ammonium (NH4 +) excretion, the main form of acid excretion by the organism. In the Masevicius et al. study,(1) the increased [Cl]plasma group had the higher [SID]urine, suggesting less capacity to excrete [Cl –] and manage saline-induced hyperchloremia. This finding could be an indirect sign of renal impairment,(2-4) although in the present study, few patients met an AKIN(5) stage 1 criterion for acute kidney injury (AKI), and the incidence of AKI was similar between groups. Alexandre Toledo Maciel1,2, Marcelo Park2
Design and development of performance indexes with Balanced Score Card Approach (Case Study of Pishgam Company)

It seems that in order to remain in the business environment of today, companies are required to control and adjust their processes according to specified strategic goals. In this article and by using “Balanced Scorecard” we try to demonstrate and evaluate corporate’s performance based on its strategic goals to see whether the corporate is on the right path or not. The organization for our survey is manufacturer of ball valves in the oil & Gas industry which recognizing its main goals and performance indicators has been implemented in 2014 & 2015. In order to recognize corporate’s main goals and indicators, we utilized strategic planning steps and then categorized all the company’s activities in six main step. In this process, goals and key performance indicators have been specified which resulted in company’s strategic plan. Moreover, company’s performance level in each four aspect of “Balanced Scorecard” has been measured between the years of 2014 & 2015.
Effects of Vestibular Rehabilitation Interventions in the Elderly with Chronic Unilateral Vestibular Hypofunction

Introduction: Although vestibular rehabilitation therapy (VRT) methods are relatively popular in treating patients with body balance deficits of vestibular origin, only limited studies have been conducted into customized exercises for unilateral vestibular hypofunction (UVH). Furthermore, very little evidence is available on the outcomes of VRT in the elderly population with chronic UVH. Materials and Methods: A total of 21 patients, aged 61 to 74 years, with UVH participated in this study. The dizziness handicap inventory (DHI) was performed immediately before, and 2 and 8 weeks after treatment. Results: All patients showed a reduction in DHI scores during the study. The average decrease in DHI score was 25.98 points after 2 weeks’ intervention (P<0.001) and 32.54 points at the end of the study. This improvement was observed in all DHI subscores, and was most profound in the functional aspect. The correlation between the degree of final recovery and canal paresis was not significant (P>0.05). There were no relationships between the scores and gender. Conclusion: Our study demonstrates that VRT is an effective method for the management of elderly patients with UVH, and shows maximal effect on functional aspects.
THE IMPACT OF ICT ON THE CLEARING OF GOODS AT GHANA PORTS: A STUDY OF TEMA AND TAKORADI PORTS

The emerging requirements for freight transportation lead the logistic sector to focus on the implementation of integrated information systems to improve the provided services (Caris et al., 2008). Therefore, it is imperative to develop and integrate new security solutions related to customs operations. Modern ICT tools help to produce, manipulate, store, communicate, and disseminate information. Moreover, ICT makes possible to know the state of the system in real time and therefore to manage and change on-line paths, vehicle flows, orders and deliveries. The population for the study was basically the management staff, administrative and Information Communication Technology staff at the Tema Ports, with a sample size of 60. The questionnaire was the main instrument used for the completion of the work. Some of the findings suggested that moderate impact of ICT signifies that ICT is re-shaping the logistics system from traditional methods to modern logistics. Also ICT has been more progressive and contribute in increasing the efficiency of urban goods transport. Recommendation made suggested that Government needs to promote a sharing of knowledge about the use and the role of ICT in logistics with the private sector by facilitating a demonstration of technological solutions, experiments and diffusing best practices that requires national, regional, and international approaches that adapt to the international developments in the industry itself.
The exact spectrum of scalar field perturbations in a radiation deformed closed de Sitter universe

We observe that the equation of motion for a free scalar field in a closed universe with radiation and a positive cosmological constant is given by Lamé’s equation. Computing the exact power spectrum of scalar field perturbations, the presence of both curvature and radiation produces a red tilt weakly dependent on the amount of radiation.
Impact of Ethical Leadership on Employees’ Performance: Moderating Role of Organizational Values

This study inspects the impact of ethical leadership on employees’ performance. While several studies have gazed at the efficacy of the leader as supposed by employees, this research is concerned with the effect of an ethical leadership style on the performance of employees. Employees are very significant for the organization in terms of smoothing the progress in organizational achievement. Employees are considered to be the most vital resource for achieving competitive advantage. An ethical leadership style is typified as participative where the leader shares its authority with employees. It is thus believable that an ethical leader augments the inspiration of its employees which in turn will improve employees’ performance. In addition the direct relationship between ethical leadership and employees’ performance, this research will also look into the moderating role of organizational values.
Electroencephalogram-based decoding cognitive states using convolutional neural network and likelihood ratio based score fusion

Electroencephalogram (EEG)-based decoding human brain activity is challenging, owing to the low spatial resolution of EEG. However, EEG is an important technique, especially for brain–computer interface applications. In this study, a novel algorithm is proposed to decode brain activity associated with different types of images. In this hybrid algorithm, convolutional neural network is modified for the extraction of features, a t-test is used for the selection of significant features and likelihood ratio-based score fusion is used for the prediction of brain activity. The proposed algorithm takes input data from multichannel EEG time-series, which is also known as multivariate pattern analysis. Comprehensive analysis was conducted using data from 30 participants. The results from the proposed method are compared with current recognized feature extraction and classification/prediction techniques. The wavelet transform-support vector machine method is the most popular currently used feature extraction and prediction method. This method showed an accuracy of 65.7%. However, the proposed method predicts the novel data with improved accuracy of 79.9%. In conclusion, the proposed algorithm outperformed the current feature extraction and prediction method.
CONFIGURATION PATHS IN STARTUP DEVELOPMENT (SUMMARY)

While the vast majority of research on family firm performance draws on agency theory it remains plagued by conflicting empirical findings. This study departs from the mainstream by focusing on how identity-based differences among CEOs relates to family firm performance. Data collected from a sample of Korean family firms show CEO identity is associated with a different willingness to distribute control in family firms, as well as performance implications. Moreover, these performance differences can have a ‘dark side’ for both the firm and first-son descendants. Despite the strong family connection, FSs may find themselves more often replaced over time.