Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Single‐Crystal Magnetic‐Susceptibility Study of Linear Antiferromagnetic Interactions in CsCuCl3

The single‐crystal magnetic susceptibilities of CsCuCl3 were measured along the a and c axes in the temperature range 2–140°K. Graphs of XMT vs T indicate that deviations from Curie law behavior commence at approximately 55°K. Least‐squares analysis of the data above 70°K yielded values of the Curie constants of 0.464 and 0.445 for a and c axes, respectively. Structural evidence indicates the existence of linear chains of Cu ions in CsCuCl3. Comparisons of the experimental magnetic susceptibilities with the calculations of Bonner and Fisher indicate that the one‐dimensional intrachain interactions between nearest‐neighbor copper ions predominate down to approximately 30°K, whereupon, three‐dimensional interactions of copper ions on neighboring chains become important. The exchange integral in the linear region has the value of J = − 4°K. This explanation is not in disagreement with the powder susceptibility and the heat capacity of CsCuCl3 measured previously. The single‐crystal susceptibilities exhibit c.
COMPARATIVE EFFICACY OF PHYTOCHEMICAL ANALYSIS AND ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY OF METHANOLIC EXTRACT OF CALOTROPIS GIGANTEA AND CALOTROPIS PROCERA

Calotropis species is a common wasteland weed and are widely used as alternative therapeutic tool for the prevention or treatment of many diseases. This study was designed to evaluate comparative antioxidant activity, metal chelating properties and larvicidal activity of methanolic extract of two common species of Calotropis, viz. Calotropis gigantea (Linn.) R.Br. and Calotropis procera (Ait.) R.Br. The total phenolic and flavonoid content was determined and expressed in term of gallic acid equivalent and quercetin equivalent respectively. In this study, antioxidant activity was measured by radical (DPPH • ) scavenging, reducing power, FRAP assay and metal chelating activity assay. The leaves of C. procera were found to have higher antioxidant potential than flower and root extract with IC50 values of 0. 21μg/ml for DPPH scavenging, 0.98 mg/ ml for metal chelating. C. procera significantly more potent in scavenging free radical and antioxidant activity than C. gigantea. Extract of all parts of both species however demonstrated similar IC50 value for metal chelating activity. C. procera possess comparatively higher antioxidant activity in reducing ferric ions than C. gigantea. The leaf methanolic extract showed a concentration dependent larvicidal activity with a lowest LD50 value of 387 mg/l compared to other extracts. There was no significant difference observed in the LC50 value for larvicidal activity of all parts between C. procera and C. gigantea which indicate both species exhibits same effect against Ae. aegypti larvae. Occurrence of more total phenols and flavonoids in all parts of C. procera as compared to C. gigantea correlates to its high antioxidant activity. The observations reported in this paper could be of applied value in utilization of C. procera for different clinical purpose which showed strong antioxidant potential rather than C. gigantea.
Fabrication of microtemplates for the control of bacterial immobilization

The authors described a region-selective immobilization methods of bacteria by using superhydrophobic/superhydrophilic and superhydrophobic/poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) micropatterns for culture scaffold templates. In the case of superhydrophobic/superhydrophilic micropatterns, the superhydrophobic surface was prepared first by microwave-plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition (MPECVD) from trimethylmethoxysilane. Then the superhydrophilic regions were fabricated by irradiating the superhydrophobic surface with vuv light through a stencil mask. In the case of the superhydrophobic/PEG micropatterned surfaces, PEG surfaces were fabricated first by chemical reaction of ester groups of p-nitrophenyl PEG with NH2 group of NH2-terminated self assembled monolayer from n-6-hexyl-3-aminopropyltrimethoxysilane. The superhydrophobic regions were fabricated by MPECVD thorough a stencil mask. In this study four bacteria were selected from viewpoint of peptidoglycan cell wall (E. coli versus B. subtilis), extracellula.
Plasma Imaging and Optimization of Energy Deposition during Femtosecond-laser Processing

The presentation will provide an overview of our work on plasma imaging techniques for assessing the interaction of fs-laser pulses with dielectrics. Either time-integrated or time- resolved, these techniques can be used in experimental conditions similar to those used during fs- laser processing. Their use unveils a number of mechanisms that deteriorate the spatial distribution of energy deposition. These effects can be assessed and minimized leading to highly optimized laser written structures.
Evaluation of the simultaneous use of standard additions and internal standards calibration techniques for inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry

The use of internal standards combined with standard additions calibration for inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) is discussed. Yttrium, rhodium, magnesium, cobalt, copper, nickel, silver, thallium, molybdenum and lead were analyzed in solutions of known composition with a 500 mg ml−1 Na matrix. Additionally, the Mg, Co, Y, Rh and Pb signals were used as internal standards for the other elements in the same matrix. Severe drift effects were simulated by drastically altering the liquid sample uptake rate. The signals were used to compare the results obtained using four different calibration methods: external standards, standard additions, internal standards and standard additions in combination with an internal standard. The average errors for external standards varied from 23 to 41% while the average errors for internal standards ranged from 1 to 71%. The error for standard additions was 45%. The use of standard additions with an internal standard produced an average error of 0.7–5%, suggesting that this is a powerful calibration technique.
Highly conductive PEDOT electrodes for harvesting dynamic energy through piezoelectric conversion

A highly conductive PEDOT material was explored as a transparent electrode for a piezoelectric PVDF film. The potential of a piezoelectric film device consisting of a PEDOT/PVDF/PEDOT layer was realized in fabricating a transparent and flexible energy harvester that generates electricity from repetitive physical displacements (stretching and pressing). The output voltage and current density of the energy generator were 16.4 V (peak-to-peak) and 0.2 μA cm−2 (peak-to-peak), respectively, when applying 800 mN of stretching power. These values are much higher than the PEDOT:PSS–CNT system and comparable to those reported earlier for inorganic-based nanogenerators. Finally, a self-lighting system consisting of an LED bulb, a capacitor, and the PEDOT/PVDF/PEDOT device was demonstrated under a dynamic stretching condition, allowing for the large-scale, low-cost production of a miniaturized active thin-film energy harvester.
Influence of Wavelength of Light on Photoinduced Orientation of Azobenzene-Containing Polymethacrylate Film

Influence of the wavelength of linearly polarized (LP) light on the generation of photoinduced optical anisotropy of E- and Z-isomers of a polymethacrylate which comprises 4-methoxyazobenzene side groups was investigated using LP 313 nm, 365 nm, 405 nm, 436 nm, 532 nm, and 633 nm lights. Different photoisomerization and molecular reorientation behavior were observed depending on the wavelength of the light. Large in-plane orientation was achieved by the use of LP 313 and LP 532 nm lights. The ratio of the absorbance between E- and Z-isomers plays an important role in the photoinduced orientation behavior.
Impact of Various Parameters Over the Stability of Water-in-Vegetable Oil Emulsion

Theory regarding emulsification, its coalescence and impact of emulsifier over its stability has been updated. For the verification of the proposed theory, water-in-oil emulsion was prepared by mixing water and soybean oil in the presence and absence of emulsifier, monoglyceride. The effect of different parameters like emulsification time, contents of water, and concentration of emulsifier has been investigated on the emulsification and coalescence process of the emulsion. It was noted that the emulsion quality was highest if the mixture was homogenized for about 15 minutes and the water contents were 40% v/v. The addition of monoglyceride up to 0.5% w/v gave the most stable emulsion having higher quality than other composition. The results obtained were compared with the proposed theory and found to have good compositions.
De novo design of biomedical polymers: Hybrids from synthetic macromolecules and genetically engineered protein domains

Genetic engineering technology provides a powerful tool for producing tailor-made protein polymers with pre-determined three-dimensional structures because exact control of the primary structure, composition and chain length can be achieved by manipulating the DNA sequence encoding the protein. Two approaches for the de novo design of bio-based systems using the coiled coil protein motif are discussed. One approach was to design hybrid hydrogels from synthetic macromolecules and coiled coil domains as crosslinks. This permits to impose the properties of the protein motif on the properties of the whole hydrogel. Temperature induced phase transition of the coiled coil domain resulted in a collapse of the hydrogel. The second approach was to construct a scaffold for epitope display based on genetically engineered peptides self-assembled on polystyrene surfaces. This construct may serve as a model for biorecognition studies with the aim to identify optimal ligand-receptor pairs. Such information is necessary for a rational design of targeted polymeric drug delivery systems.
KINETIC ANALYSIS OF THE INFLUENCE OF HYDROSTATIC PRESSURE ON BIOLUMINESCENCE OF GONYAULAX POLYEDRA

Abstract— Hydrostatic pressure was used as a probe to examine control mechanisms of bioluminescence in Gonyaulax polyedra. The initial effect of a pressure increase step is both to increase the intensity of the continuous light emission (glow) of the entire cell population and to increase the frequency of discrete flashes arising from single cells. Following the pressure application, however, the glow does not merely attain a new level but rather goes through various transient changes, whereby the kinetics of these changes are faster with a given higher pressure. A qualitative fit to several aspects of the pressure induced glow kinetics was generated by a simple reaction rate theory model. The effect of pressure upon the circadian rhythm control of bioluminescence was also investigated with the result being that no significant influence was observed under the experimental conditions.
Detection of chain backfolding in simulation of DNA in nanofluidic channels

The DNA extension in cylindrical nanochannels under moderately strong confinements in the “transition” region, where experiments are conducted, is examined by Monte Carlo simulations. The focal point is estimation of the amount of backfolding structures such as hairpins and loops in extended (linearized) DNA molecules. At the chain-ends of DNA an extensive folding (mainly as the J-type hairpins) is detected under all confinements, covering the Odijk and de Gennes regimes and the transition region between them. In contrast, in the DNA chain interior, the backfolding into Z-type hairpins is abundant in the de Gennes regime, significantly reduced in the transition region, and practically absent in the Odijk regime. The linear relationship between the DNA extension and its contour length is validated also in the transition region where explicit theories are absent.
Mechanistic Aspects of Diels‐Alder Reactions: A Critical Survey

The question of concerted or consecutive bond formation arises in all types of cycloaddition reactions. Stereochemical investigations and studies of regiospecificity as well as intensive kinetic investigations with regard to substituent and solvent effects, and the dependence of the reaction on temperature and pressure permit in many cases mechanistic conclusions concerning the Diels-Alder reaction. Efforts towards a theoretical interpretation, ab initio and semiempirical calculations, the application of frontier molecular orbital theory (FMO) as well as thermochemical measurements permit a description of the energy hypersurface of these [4+2]-cycloadditions. An attempt is made here to draw a line of distinction between the mechanistic alternatives—one-step reaction versus two-step reaction—considering all experimental and theoretical criteria.
PREVALENCE OF METABOLIC SYNDROME IN GRANITE WORKERS

: BACKGROUND: The prevalence of the metabolic syndrome (MS) has significantly increased over the last few decades and has become a main health challenge worldwide. Prevalence of MS is quickly rising in developing countries due to changing lifestyle. It was considered worthwhile to study MS and its components in granite workers since granite factories are situated in and around Khammam area. Moreover, no studies of MS in granite workers have been reported in literature. OBJECTIVES: Aim of our study is to assess the prevalence of metabolic syndrome and its components in granite workers. MATERIALS AND METHODS: 210 male workers in the age group of 20-50 working in granite industries located in and around the Khammam town of Telangana State are selected for the present study. Blood pressures (BP), waist circumference (WC) were measured. Fasting blood samples were collected for the estimation of glucose and lipids. RESULTS: 69 subjects out of 210 were identified as having MS based on updated National cholesterol education programme- Adult Treatment Panel III (NCEP-ATP III) guidelines. CONCLUSION: MS should be identified and remedial measures may be suggested, so that the risk of hypertension, cardiovascular risk, diabetes and the resultant morbidity is minimized and can be delayed. five minutes apart was taken. A fasting venous blood sample was obtained after 12 hours of overnight fast for glucose serum triglycerides (TG) and high HDL-C was performed. Glucose was estimated using Glucose Oxidase and peroxidase method, Triglycerides by Glycerol-3-P-Oxidase method and HDL-Cholesterol by Phosphotungstate precipitation method using Tulip fully automated analyzer. RESULTS: Sixty nine granite workers out of 210 were affected with MS and the percentage was 33. Elevated BP was observed in 85 workers. 61 out of total 210 workers showed elevated Waist Circumference (WC). Elevated glucose was observed in 42 granite workers. Triglycerides was increased in 52 workers and 25 % of workers shown reduced HDL-C. Statistical percentage was done based on the percentage.
SYNTHESIS, STRUCTURAL AND ANTIMICROBIAL STUDIES OF SOME NEW TIN (II) COMPLEXES WITH SEMICARBAZONES AND THIOSEMICARBAZONES.

Semicarbazone and thiosemicarbazone ligands used in these studies were prepared by condensing acetyl acetone, benzoyl acetone and glyoxal with semicarbazide hydrochloride and thiosemicarbazide in 1:2 molar ratio in ethanolic medium.These ligands were used to synthesize a series of new metal complexes of Sn (II) in 1:1 molar ratio using dry tetrahydrofuran(THF) as a reaction medium. Purity of complexes has been confirmed by thin layer chromatography. Characterization and structure elucidation of these tin (II) complexes have been investigated on the basis of elemental analysis, molar conductance and UV, IR, ( 1 H, 13 C, 119 Sn) NMR spectral studies. The ligands and their metal complexes have been screened for antibacterial and antifungal activities and are found quite active in this respect. Tin (II) complexes have been found to be more active than their uncomplexed ligands.
Investigation on ozone penetration along grain mound height

Plants in all their stages have close contacts with alive and non-alive bodies of environment. Therefore, they contain plenty of microorganisms on their surface and inside that deteriorate products nutritive value and are dangerous to human and animal health. Harmful activity of microorganisms results in the significant annual loss of wheat grain worldwide. The main damage is caused by micromycetes that are able to synthesize mycotoxins in cereals. Ozone O 3 is strong oxidant and one of the most effective preventive means. The ozone application for grain disinfection should be solved closely related with the selection of ozone concentration, exposure duration, grain mound height and moisture content as well as the concentration of the outlet ozone. After theoretical studies on the technological process of ozone penetration, the equation of ozone concentration variation as function of the grain mound height was obtained. Employing the created equation is convenient to model the process of ozone penetration, by evaluating the parameters of grain mound. The equation enables to calculate ozone concentration C at various heights of grain mound h, after evaluation of ozone concentration in the air introduced into the grain mound C 0 , air filtration speed v, grain mound volume cross-section area S and ozone absorption coefficient k, which mostly depends on grain moisture content. The grains of winter wheat were dried by ventilation using the ozone-air mixture. Experimental studies have shown that the ozone absorption is minimized when the exposure to ozone duration is increased and the grain supplied for ozonation is drier. Ozone concentration C decreases with increasing grain mound height h, according to an exponential relationship, and is influenced by duration of grain ozonation t and initial grain moisture content w 0 .
Thermodynamics of superconductors with charge and spin-density waves

The self-consistency equations for a superconducting order parameter Delta of an anisotropic metal with a singlet or a triplet dielectric gap Sigma on the Fermi surface section are solved. The free energy, entropy and specific heat capacity of the superconducting phase are found for the limiting cases of low (T<< Delta (T=0)) and high (T<or approximately=Tc) temperatures, where Tc is the critical temperature of the superconducting transition. It is shown that the heat-capacity jump at T=Tc is smaller for a singlet Sigma and larger for a triplet Sigma than its standard Bardeen-Cooper-Schrieffer value. The results agree qualitatively with the experimental data for BaPb1-xBixO3 ceramics, the Laves phases HfV2 and ZrV2 and the quasi-one-dimensional organic superconductor (TMTSF)2ClO4.
trans-2-Aminocyclohexanols as pH-triggered molecular switches

Cyclohexane-based conformationally controlled ionophores, the emerging new class of molecular switches, provide a new and promising approach to allosteric systems with negative cooperativity. Protonation of trans-2-aminocyclohexanols leads to dramatic conformational changes: due to an intramolecular hydrogen bond, a conformer with equatorial position of ammonio- and hydroxy-groups becomes predominant. Thus, these structures can serve as powerful conformational pH-triggers. The trans-2-aminocyclohexanol moiety has been used for pH-triggered conformational switching of a crown ether and a podand, and their complexes with potassium ion.
Continuous Band‐Filling Control and One‐Dimensional Transport in Metallic and Semiconducting Carbon Nanotube Tangled Films

Field‐effect transistors that employ an electrolyte in place of a gate dielectric layer can accumulate ultrahigh‐density carriers not only on a well‐defined channel (e.g., a two‐dimensional surface) but also on any irregularly shaped channel material. Here, on thin films of 95% pure metallic and semiconducting single‐walled carbon nanotubes (SWNTs), the Fermi level is continuously tuned over a very wide range, while their electronic transport and absorption spectra are simultaneously monitored. It is found that the conductivity of not only the semiconducting but also the metallic SWNT thin films steeply changes when the Fermi level reaches the edges of one‐dimensional subbands and that the conductivity is almost proportional to the number of subbands crossing the Fermi level, thereby exhibiting a one‐dimensional nature of transport even in a tangled network structure and at room temperature.
Determination of Total Aerosol Nitrogen by Thermal Evolution

An aerosol nitrogen analyzer has been developed for determination of total nitrogen (TN) content in aerosols collected on a filter substrate. It uses rapid thermoevolution of nitrogenous species at 800°C in a 2.5% O2/97.5% He carrier gas. Evolved nitrogen is oxidized to nitrogen oxides on a manganese dioxide catalyst, converted to nitrogen monoxide on a molybdenum catalyst, and quantified with a chemiluminescence detector. The analyzer is built upon components of two commercially available instruments, a thermal aerosol carbon analyzer and a chemiluminescent NO x analyzer. This system is able to provide fast (3 min per sample) and highly sensitive (a detection limit of 26 ng N) TN measurements for aerosol samples of a small size (∼1× 1 cm2) without any pretreatment. When the aerosol nitrogen analyzer was properly calibrated by ammonium sulfate, excellent agreement was obtained between TN measurements of twelve aerosol samples by the aerosol nitrogen analyzer and those obtained from an elemental analyzer. This instrument provides a useful and convenient tool for characterization of the organic nitrogen (ON) pool in atmospheric aerosols. The ON concentrations in the twelve aerosol samples, calculated from the difference between TN and the sum of the inorganic nitrogen species determined by ion chromatographic analysis, were found comparable in magnitude to particulate nitrate-N. The contribution of ON to TN ranged from 1.7% to 54% for the limited set of test samples. While twelve samples are insufficient to draw general conclusions about the relative distribution of ambient aerosol nitrogen species, they have demonstrated the applicability of the new method to ambient aerosol characterization and exposed a potential limitation in deriving at ON concentrations by taking a sometime small difference between two large numbers (i.e., TN and inorganic nitrogen). Differentiation of organic and inorganic nitrogen using thermal methods is also explored and found not to be feasible.
Effects of indium ion implantation on the total dose hardness of fully depleted SOI NMOSFET

In this work, we investigate the effects of the indium ion implantation towards the back-channel interface on the total dose hardness of the n-channel SOI MOSFET. The results show that the indium implant has slight impact on the normal threshold voltage while preserving low leakage current after irradiation. The advantage is attributed to the narrow as-implanted and postanneal profile of the indium implantation. Two-dimensional simulations have been used to understand the physical mechanisms of the effects.
Synthesis of poly‐L‐asparagine and poly‐L‐glutamine

Poly‐β‐N‐diphenylmethyl‐L‐asparagine and poly‐γ‐N‐diphenylmethyl‐L‐glutamine were prepared from the corresponding N‐carboxyanhydrides. Poly‐L‐aspuragine and poly‐L‐glutamine were obtained by removal of the diphenylmethyl protecting groups with liquid anhydrous hydrofluoric acid.