Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Sensorimotor cortex beta oscillations reflect motor skill learning ability after stroke

Abstract Recovery of skilled movement after stroke is assumed to depend on motor learning. However, the capacity for motor learning and factors that influence motor learning after stroke have received little attention. In this study, we first compared motor skill acquisition and retention between well-recovered stroke patients and age- and performance-matched healthy controls. We then tested whether beta oscillations (15–30 Hz) from sensorimotor cortices contribute to predicting training-related motor performance. Eighteen well-recovered chronic stroke survivors (mean age 64 ± 8 years, range: 50–74 years) and 20 age- and sex-matched healthy controls were trained on a continuous tracking task and subsequently retested after initial training (45–60 min and 24 h later). Scalp electroencephalography was recorded during the performance of a simple motor task before each training and retest session. Stroke patients demonstrated capacity for motor skill learning, but it was diminished compared to age- and performance-matched healthy controls. Furthermore, although the properties of beta oscillations prior to training were comparable between stroke patients and healthy controls, stroke patients did show less change in beta measures with motor learning. Lastly, although beta oscillations did not help to predict motor performance immediately after training, contralateral (ipsilesional) sensorimotor cortex post-movement beta rebound measured after training helped predict future motor performance, 24 h after training. This finding suggests that neurophysiological measures such as beta oscillations can help predict response to motor training in chronic stroke patients and may offer novel targets for therapeutic interventions.
Auswirkungen hoher Umgebungstemperaturen auf laktierende Milchkühe – unter praxisüblichen Bedingungen in Norddeutschland von Bedeutung?

Zusammenfassung Ziel Erhebung quantitativer Daten zu Auswirkungen von hohen Umgebungstemperaturen auf Milchkühe unter praxisüblichen Bedingungen in Süd-Niedersachsen. Material und Methoden Im Milchviehbestand des Lehr- und Forschungsgutes Ruthe der Stiftung Tierärztliche Hochschule Hannover wurden im Sommer 2018 (Mitte Juli bis Ende September) die stallklimatischen Bedingungen erfasst und die Futteraufnahme und Milchleistung der Herde sowie die Atemfrequenz und Rektaltemperatur von ausgewählten Kühen (n = 10) als Indikatoren für Hitzestress ermittelt. Darüber hinaus erfolgten Temperaturmessungen im Futter (Silagen, Teil-TMR) und in den Futterresten. Ergebnisse Trotz der bereits zu Beginn des Beobachtungszeitraumes recht hohen Außentemperaturen (19,6–23,0° C im Tagesmittel) traten während einer Hitzeperiode (bis zu 27,9° C im Tagesmittel) deutliche Reduktionen in der Trockensubstanzaufnahme aus der Teil-TMR (ca. –15 %) und der Milchleistung (ca. –8 %) auf. Es bestand eine signifikante negative Korrelation zwischen der Trockensubstanzaufnahme aus der Teil-TMR und dem Temperature Humidity Index im Stall (Tagesmittelwert) sowie eine signifikante positive Korrelation zwischen der Trockensubstanzaufnahme aus der Teil-TMR und der Milchleistung. Diese Beziehungen waren jeweils besonders eng, wenn die Auswertung um 1 Tag versetzt erfolgte (Korrelationskoeffizienten nach Spearman: –0,774 und 0,766 bzw. –0,796 und 0,800; p < 0,0001). An Tagen mit hohen Außentemperaturen ließ sich bei einem erheblichen Anteil der untersuchten Einzeltiere (bis zu 100 %) eine Hyperthermie (> 39° C) feststellen. Schlussfolgerung und klinische Relevanz Die Ergebnisse sprechen dafür, dass Hitzestress bei Milchkühen in den Sommermonaten auch in hiesigen Regionen unter extremen klimatischen Bedingungen in erheblichem Umfang auftritt und mit deutlichen Leistungseinbußen einhergehen kann. Aufgrund der aus der Literatur bekannten weitreichenden Konsequenzen von Hitzestress für die Tiergesundheit und das Leistungsniveau verdient die zeitweise hohe Frequenz des Auftretens einer Hyperthermie bei laktierenden Kühen in dieser Studie Beachtung. Für die tierärztliche Praxis ist die Differenzierung zwischen hyperthermischen und fieberhaften Zuständen unter diesen Bedingungen von besonderer Bedeutung.
Differences in the dietary habits of Verreaux’s Eagles Aquila verreauxii between peri-urban and rural populations

Summary Differences in the diets of urban and rural avian predators could indicate potential niche vulnerability in a particular habitat. This study compares the core-isotopic niche areas and diet disparity of a declining peri-urban Verreaux’s Eagle Aquila verreauxii population with a stable rural population in South Africa. In addition to stable isotope analyses, the diet of the peri-urban Verreaux’s Eagles was investigated using camera trap footage of prey delivered during the nesting season. Dominant prey consisted of species with a mixed diet of plants with a C3 and/or C4 photosynthetic pathway (browsers and grazers). Rock hyrax Procavia capensis contributed 60% of the total diet composition, scrub hare Lepus saxatilis 26% and Helmeted Guineafowl Numida meleagris 22%. The core-isotopic niche area for each population was calculated using bulk carbon (δ13C) and nitrogen (δ15N) stable isotope values chronological measured along the length of 18 feathers from 21 nests. The isotopic niche of the rural eagle population revealed that they consume prey from multiple trophic levels with a C3-plant-dominated prey base (browsers), likely including small carnivores. In contrast the isotopic niche of the peri-urban Verreaux’s Eagles correlated with the mixed mammalian and avian food-niche determined from camera trapping, confirming that the peri-urban population mainly hunted three abundant species that are all narrowly associated with modified human habitats. The decline in the Magaliesberg Verreaux’s Eagle population is, therefore, unlikely to be due to constraints in their dietary niche, as raptors benefit from the diversity and abundance of human-commensal prey associated with the peri-urban habitats.
PEMBELAJARAN MATEMATIKA BERBASIS EDMODO PADA MATA KULIAH TEORI BILANGAN

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan pelaksanaan pembelajaran berbasis Edmodo pada mahasiswa Pendidikan Matematika Universitas Balikpapan. Subjek dalam penelitian ini adalah 12 mahasiswa Pendidikan Matematika Universitas Balikpapan yang sedang menempuh perkuliahan Teori Bilangan. Teknik pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan observasi (pengamatan terhadap aktivitas chat di dalam Edmodo ), dokumentasi, serta tes hasil belajar. Adapun hasilnya didapatkan bahwa pelaksanaan pembelajaran berbasis Edmodo berjalan dengan baik. Hal ini dapat dilihat dari capaian hasil belajar mahasiswa yang menunjukkan secara rata-rata dari 12 mahasiswa memperoleh skor atau ketercapaian 82,53. Selain itu, mahasiswa juga merasa memperoleh pengalaman belajar yang baru melalui Edmodo , dapat lebih berekspresi, suasana belajar ( chat ) sangat santai, serta dapat diakses dimana saja jika mahasiswa lupa materi yang telah dipelajarinya. Hal ini dikarenakan materi yang disajikan telah diunggah di Edmodo maupun kanal Youtube . Â Abstract This study aims to describe the implementation of Edmodo-based learning in Mathematics Education students at the University of Balikpapan. The subjects in this study were 12 University of Balikpapan Mathematics Education students who were taking lectures on Number Theory. Data collection techniques are done by observation (observation of chat activities in Edmodo), documentation, and learning achievement tests. The results were obtained that the implementation of Edmodo-based learning went well. This can be seen from the achievements of student learning outcomes which show an average of 12 students get a score or achievement of 82,53. In addition, students also feel they have gained a new learning experience through Edmodo, can be more expressive, the atmosphere of learning (chat) is very relaxed, and can be accessed anywhere if students forget the material they have learned. This is because the material presented has been uploaded on Edmodo and the Youtube channel.
EVALUATION OF MICONAZOLE NITRATE PERMEABILITY THROUGH BIOLOGICAL MEMBRANE FROM DERMAL SYSTEMS

The development of pharmaceutical products with miconazole nitrate (MN) can bring various benefits to patients of whom fungal infections are resistant to classic antifungal formulas. In medical practice, dermal systems, in the form of polymeric films, represent an alternative to other medical products. The proposed dermal films contain hydroxyethyl cellulose (HEC) as a hydrophilic and bioadhesive matrix polymer, with the addition of polyethylene glycol (PEG) as a low-absorption promoter, so that the antifungal have a slow penetration towards the dermis. This study aims to evaluate the in vitro permeability of MN through biological membrane (pig ear skin) at pH 7.4, during its release from two polymeric films. In vitro pig ear skin permeation studies indicated that the amount of the drug released after 24 h was 40% in the case of formulation FI and 32% in the case of formulation FII from the initial dose (40 mg). The concentration of 40% MN released can be considered an appropriate antifungal dose, with the benefit of being accumulated in the stratum corneum where it is maintained for up to 4 days.
DIABETES MELLITIS: TYPE 1 AND TYPE 2

Diabetes mellitus is a group of metabolic diseases characterized by elevated blood glucose levels (hyperglycemia) resulting from defects in insulin secretion, insulin action or both. Insulin is a hormone manufactured by the beta cells of the pancreas, which is required to utilize glucose from digested food as an energy source. Chronic hyperglycemia is associated with microvascular and macrovascular complications that can lead to visual impairment, blindness, kidney disease, nerve damage, amputations, heart disease, and stroke. In 1997 an estimated 4.5% of the US population had diabetes. Direct and indirect health care expenses were estimated at $98 billion. 1
Effects of hospital leadership, organizational systems, and ESWOS on medical error reduction

One of the major elements of care quality provided by health care organizations is the reduction of medical errors. This study empirically examines the effect of leadership, organizational systems, and employee satisfaction with organizational support on medical error reduction. A set of hypotheses is tested based on data collected from 208 medical staff of hospitals with more than 300 beds in South Korea. Data were analyzed by confirmatory factor analysis and path analysis using SPSS 17.0 and Mplus 5.1. One of the major findings of this study was that medical error reduction could be achieved by effective leadership. Leadership and operational efficiency drive reduction in medical errors in the health care industry. The comparison between large- and small-sized quality assurance teams' roles indicated that there was a significant difference in their effect on medical error reduction. The results of the study shed light on some practical implications for management professionals in hospitals.
The Fischer–Snedecor $\mathcal {F}$-Distribution Model for Turbulence-Induced Fading in Free-Space Optical Systems

In this article we propose the use of the so-called Fisher-Snedecor <inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\mathcal {F}$</tex-math></inline-formula>-distribution to model atmospheric turbulence-induced fading in free space optical communication systems. The proposed model is a two-parameter distribution, defined as the ratio of two independent gamma random variables. In this context, the proposed model is based on a doubly stochastic theory of turbulence-induced fading, assuming that small-scale irradiance variations of the propagating wave, modeled by a gamma distribution, are a subject to large-scale irradiance fluctuations, modeled by an inverse gamma distribution. It is shown that the <inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\mathcal {F}$</tex-math></inline-formula>-distribution yields at least as good, or even a better fit to experimental and computer simulation data as compared to the well known gamma-gamma distribution. Also, important statistical measures such as cumulative distribution function (CDF) and moment generating function (MGF) are mathematically simpler than those of the gamma-gamma distribution. Motivated by these facts, the performance of single-input—multiple output (SIMO) and multiple-input—multiple output (MIMO) systems operating in the presence of <inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\mathcal {F}$</tex-math></inline-formula> turbulence is assessed. The proposed analysis is substantiated by numerically evaluated results and Monte Carlo simulations.
High-Efficiency Hybrid LLC Resonant Converter for On-Board Chargers of Plug-In Electric Vehicles

This article proposes a hybrid LLC resonant converter with three modes of operation for on-board chargers of electric vehicles. The converter can operate as a full-bridge converter, dual-phase half-bridge LLC converter, or single-phase half-bridge LLC converter to improve efficiency at low-voltage and light-load conditions. Without using additional switches, the operation mode of the proposed converter is switched by different modulation schemes. Moreover, the resonant inductance for LLC operation can be reduced so as to be integrated into the transformers, resulting in an increase in the power density. During the operation of three modes, all the primary switches achieve zero-voltage switching, thus minimizing the switching losses. A 3.2-kW-rated prototype using GaN devices with a power density of 65 W/in3 has been designed and tested to verify the effectiveness of the converter. Experimental results have shown smooth and stable transitions among three modes. A flat efficiency curve with a peak efficiency of 98.5% at full load condition has been achieved.
School safety and emergency preparedness in Saudi Arabia: a call for effective action

Accidents and injuries are a growing global public health problem. Both accidents and injuries can happen anytime and anywhere. Children and school personnel might experience medical emergency situations because of injuries, complications of chronic health conditions, or unexpected major accidents that occur in schools. A safe learning environment is essential for students, and without it they are unable to focus on learning the skills needed for a successful education and future development. There are about 6 million children younger than 18 years living in the kingdom of Saudi Arabia. Regrettably, many accidental tragedies occurred during the few last years in schools in Saudi Arabia which caused many forms of injuries and death among children and school teachers. Unfortunately, most schools lack a health care professional to respond to school medical emergencies. It is essential to believe that there is a fundamental link between emergency preparedness and disaster response. Therefore, schools that are prepared for an emergency are more likely to be prepared for complex events such as major fire, injury related accidents and natural disaster. The quality of schools about safety management and emergency preparedness is far worrying in Saudi Arabia. Thus, there is a need in creating a ‘‘culture of safety’’ and realize that injuries prevention and safety promotion are everybody’s business. The time has come to develop effective injury prevention strategies and promote safety that can help reduce the impact of injuries on the health of the Saudi population, economy and health care system. The issue of school safety must be a major concern at all levels of government. Efforts should be made to increase the education of school personnel in the assessment and management of safety and life-threatening emergencies, particularly head injury, cardiac arrest, suffocation and fire events.
Measuring nucleus mechanics within a living multicellular organism: Physical decoupling and attenuated recovery rate are physiological protective mechanisms of the cell nucleus under high mechanical load

Nuclei within cells are constantly subjected to compressive, tensile and shear forces, which regulate nucleoskeletal and cytoskeletal remodeling, activate signaling pathways and direct cell-fate decisions. Multiple rheological methods have been adapted for characterizing the response to applied forces of isolated nuclei and nuclei within intact cells. However, in vitro measurements fail to capture the viscoelastic modulation of nuclear stress-strain relationships by the physiological tethering to the surrounding cytoskeleton, extracellular matrix and cells, and tissue-level architectures. Using an equiaxial stretching apparatus, we applied a step stress and measured nucleus deformation dynamics within living C. elegans nematodes. Nuclei deformed non-monotonically under constant load. Non-monotonic deformation was conserved across tissues and robust to nucleoskeletal and cytoskeletal perturbations, but it required intact Linker of Nucleoskeleton and Cytoskeleton (LINC) complex attachments. The transition from creep to strain recovery fits a tensile-compressive linear viscoelastic model that is indicative of nucleoskeletal-cytoskeletal decoupling under high load. Ce-lamin (lmn-1) knockdown softened the nucleus whereas nematode ageing stiffened equilibrium elasticity and decreased deformation recovery rate. Recovery lasted minutes due to physiological damping of the released mechanical energy thus protecting nuclear integrity and preventing chromatin damage.
Capacity assessment and information provision for voluntary psychiatric patients : a service evaluation in a UK NHS Trust

Since the Cheshire West judgement, yearly applications for the Mental Health Act (MHA) and Deprivation of Liberty Safeguards (DoLS) have increased, though many patients are still admitted informally. To ensure lawfulness, informal admissions must be capacitous, informed, and without coercion. If fully capacitous consent is not obtained, then there is a risk of “de facto” detention and deprivation of liberty. Deprivation of liberty is only lawful through appropriate legal frameworks (DoLS for incapacitous, non-objecting hospital inpatients, or MHA otherwise). Use of such legal frameworks might be hampered by the perceived stigma associated with them, though this may not be in the best interests of the patient. We aimed to examine the assessment of capacity and provision of adequate information required for an informed voluntary psychiatric admission, and any evidence of possible coercion into informal admission. We postulate variable use of legal frameworks designed to empower patients and prevent illegal deprivation of liberty.
Factors Associated With Medication Errors at a Teaching Hospital in Malaysia

Background: Medication errors (MEs) continue to pose a significant problem to health care systems across the world, not only causing harm and death in patients but also consuming approximately $42 billion annually in health care expenditure. The emergency department (ED) is considered a high-risk area of having MEs to occur. Little is known about the associated factors of ME in the ED of hospitals in Malaysia. Objective: The objective of this study was to determine the factors associated with ME in an ED of a teaching hospital. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted on patients who visited the ED of Hospital Universiti Sains Malaysia over 9 weeks during normal working hours (ie, 8:00 am-5:00 pm). A total of 547 patients who satisfied the inclusion criteria were enrolled for the study. Patient demographic information, clinical characteristics, and medication orders and procedures were observed and recorded. The required number of patient data (n = 311) were selected randomly for analysis. Multiple logistic regression method was employed to determine factors associated with ME. Results: Of the 311 patient data, 95 (30.5%) patients had at least 1 ME. The factors found to be associated with ME were number of medications (adjusted odds ratio [OR], 1.91; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.51-2.41), triage (adjusted OR, 0.11; 95% CI, 0.04-0.27), gender (adjusted OR, 0.50; 95% CI, 0.26-0.93), and time of patient visit (adjusted OR, 0.34; 95% CI, 0.52-0.75). Conclusion: Medication error was not uncommon in our ED setting. Patients with a higher number of medications prescribed during visit to the ED were found to be particularly at risk. Identification of such factors may guide intervention measures to prevent MEs in this setting.
Anomalous invasion dynamics due to dispersal polymorphism and dispersal-reproduction trade-offs

Dispersal polymorphism and mutation play significant roles during biological invasions, potentially leading to evolution and complex behaviour such as accelerating or decelerating invasion fronts. However, life history theory predicts that reproductive fitness — another key determinant of invasion dynamics – may be lower for more dispersive strains. Here, we use a mathematical model to show that unexpected invasion dynamics emerge from the combination of heritable dispersal polymorphism, dispersal-fitness trade-offs, and mutation between strains. We show that the invasion dynamics are determined by the trade-off relationship between dispersal and population growth rates of the constituent strains. We find that invasion dynamics can be “anomalous” (i.e. faster than any of the strains in isolation), but that the ultimate invasion speed is determined by the traits of at most two strains. The model is simple but generic, so we expect the predictions to apply to a wide range of ecological, evolutionary or epidemiological invasions.
Microdebrider-assisted turbinoplasty against submucosal cauterization in inferior turbinate hypertrophy

Objective This study was carried out to compare postoperative outcomes between microdebrider-assisted turbinoplasty and submucosal cauterization (diathermy) in the treatment of chronic inferior turbinate hypertrophy using subjective and objective criteria. Background Chronic nasal obstruction is one of the most common symptoms in otorhinolaryngology, and hypertrophy of the inferior turbinates is the most frequent etiology. Patients and methods This prospective study was carried out over 25 patients with nasal obstruction and hypertrophied turbinate mucosa refractory to medical treatment. All patients enrolled in the present prospective randomized study were subjected to microdebrider-assisted turbinoplasty on the right side (group A operation) and a submucosal cauterization on the left side (group B operation). Postoperative changes in the degree of nasal obstruction, nasal discharge, and crustations were evaluated at 1 week, 1 month, and 6 months by nasal endoscopy. The patient satisfaction score was evaluated at 6 months postoperatively. Rhinomanometric measurement was also performed preoperatively and at 6 months postoperatively for objective comparison. Results Microdebrider-assisted turbinoplasty was statistically better in comparison with submucosal cauterization regarding postoperative nasal obstruction at 1 month (P = 0.025) and 6 months (P = 0.049), nasal crustations at 1 month (P = 0.004) and 6 months (P = 0.017), postoperative patient satisfaction at 6 months (P = 0.042), and rhinomanometric measurement at 6 months (P = 0.001). There was improvement of nasal discharge and headache with no statistically significant difference between both groups (P ≥ 0.05). Conclusion Microdebrider-assisted turbinoplasty is more effective and satisfactory than submucosal cauterization in relieving nasal obstruction subjectively and objectively.