Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Capnography as a Rapid Assessment and Triage Tool for Chemical Terrorism

Abstract: The assessment and triage of victims of chemical terrorism in the emergency department and the prehospital setting has become an important priority. This article proposes the use of capnography as a prehospital assessment and triage tool for monitoring victims of chemical terrorism and for critically ill patients. Capnography provides the ABCs in less than 15 seconds and identifies the common complications of chemical terrorism. Further, the reliability of capnography is not affected by motion artifact or low perfusion and it is accurate and reliable in actively seizing patients. Emergency departments and emergency medical services systems should consider adding capnography to their chemical terrorism education and training.
Investigating the spatial relationship between the upstream gauging stations and the reservoir

Reservoir operation involves many critical decisions due to unpredicted circumstances, such as drought or flood.The reservoir water release decision is one of the challenging tasks for the reservoir operator since the decision to deal with many complicated decision variables and multipurpose operation. Typically, the water that flow into the reservoir comes from the upstream river network.The gauging stations are located at different locations and the distance between the gauging stations and the reservoir are varied.This information indicates that there are spatial relationships between gauging stations and reservoir.This paper aims to investigate the spatial relationship between the upstream gauging stations and the reservoir by mapping temporal rainfall information on each gauging station with the reservoir water level.The mapping was established using . Back propagation Neural Network.The findings show that different location and distance of each gauging station with the Timah Tasoh reservoir does affect the water travel time from gauging stations to the reservoir. 
In vitro pollen germination of some plant species in basic culture medium

In this study in vitro pollen germination test was performed on 7 different plant species in basic medium. These were; Malva sylvestris L. (Malvaceae), Ecballium elaterium (L.) A. Rich. (Cucurbitaceae), Lonicera fragrantissima Lindley (Caprifoliaceae), Cyclamen hederifolium Aiton (Primulaceae), Linaria vulgaris Miller (Scrophulariaceae), Antirrhinum majus L. (Scrophulariaceae), Yucca filamentosa L. (Liliaceae). 10% Sucrose and 0.01% boric acid was used as germination medium and germination was occured in petri dishes. The percentages of in vitro germination of pollen tubes among the species was found to be quite different. Percentage of germination; 80% in Anthirrinum majus, 70% in Linaria vulgaris, 30% in Cyclamen hederifolium, 15% in Lonicera fragrantissima, 5% in Ecballium elaterium and no pollen germination was observed in Malva sylvestris and Yucca filamentosa.
Autoregulation of Renal Blood Flow in Streptozocin-Induced Diabetic Rats

Autoregulation of renal blood flow (RBF) was studied in male Wistar rats. We studied 11 control rats, 11 rats with severe streptozocin (STZ)-induced hyperglycemia (diabetic group), and 10 moderately hyperglycemie rats made diabetic by injection of STZ but given 2–8 U s.c. insulin daily (insulin-treated group). RBF was measured by an electromagnetic flowmeter during stepwise reduction of renal perfusion pressure 4–8 wk after injection of STZ (older group). RBF autoregulation of the diabetic group was impaired compared with the control group. In the insulin-treated group, autoregulatory capability was less attenuated than in the diabetic group. The average autoregulatory index (ARI) of the diabetic group (0.61 ± 0.05) was greater than that of the control (0.24 ± 0.02, P < .01) and the insulin-treated (0.33 ± 0.07, P < .05) groups. To study the relationship between autoregulation and the duration of diabetes, an autoregulatory study was also made in a group of 22 rats (11 diabetic and 11 control) that were tested 2–3 wk after injection of STZ (younger group). The ARI in the younger diabetic group was smaller than that in the older diabetic group (P < .05). The results suggest that in uncontrolled diabetes RBF fluctuates with blood pressure change, and protection against hypertensive injury of glomerular capillaries may be diminished. Autoregulatory disability develops with time, and insulin treatment diminishes impairment of autoregulation. These findings may also explain the adverse consequences of hypertension on the progression of diabetic nephropathy in poorly controlled diabetes.
Grammaticalization and 'lateral' grammaticalization: new perspectives on linguistic interfaces and functional categories

Simpson and Wu (2002a) analyse Chinese shi-de constructions and propose a new type of grammaticalization in the Minimalist framework called ‘lateral’ grammaticalization, which conforms to Roberts and Roussou (2003) and van Gelderen’s (2004a, 2011) Minimalist analysis of grammaticalization in that it displays ‘structural simplification’ but differs from it in that it does not show Roberts and Roussou’s (2003:200) ‘upward feature analysis’, since it consists of a ‘lateral’ reanalysis from one functional category (D) to another (T). This entails empirical differences, namely the lack of phonological, morphological and semantic weakening in the grammaticalizing elements (Chinese shi and de) when it is traditionally assumed that weakening is a diagnostic trait of grammaticalization and is entailed by the rise in frequency of the grammaticalizing element (Bybee (2003, 2011)). This dissertation proposes a direct comparison between ‘standard’ grammaticalization (Roberts and Roussou (2003), van Gelderen (2004, 2011), e.g. the Romance future (Latin habere)) and ‘lateral’ grammaticalization (Simpson and Wu (2002a), Wu (2004), e.g. Chinese shi and de) and argues that the different formal properties (‘upward feature analysis’/’lateral feature analysis’) entails differences in collostructional frequencies (cf Stefanowitsch and Gries (2003, 2004)) which can be correlated with the differences in morphophonological weakening in grammaticalization. The traditional assumption that functional categories are necessarily weak (see e.g. Roberts and Roussou (2003:217-229)) is hence deemed as simplistic (if not mistaken), and a new mechanism in generative syntax-phonology interface is proposed where the empirical properties of functional categories are argued to be derivable from their frequencies in grammaticalization, which will be known as ‘Functional Spell-Out’.
p53 Differentially Inhibits Cell Growth Depending on the Mechanism of Telomere Maintenance

ABSTRACT Telomere stabilization is critical for tumorigenesis. A number of tumors and cell lines use a recombination-based mechanism, alternative lengthening of telomeres (ALT), to maintain telomere repeat arrays. Current data suggest that the mutation of p53 facilitates the activation of this pathway. In addition to its functions in response to DNA damage, p53 also acts to suppress recombination, independent of transactivation activity, raising the possibility that p53 might regulate the ALT mechanism via its role as a regulator of recombination. To test the role of p53 in ALT we utilized inducible alleles of human p53. We show that expression of transactivation-incompetent p53 inhibits DNA synthesis in ALT cell lines but does not affect telomerase-positive cell lines. The expression of temperature-sensitive p53 in clonal cell lines results in ALT-specific, transactivation-independent growth inhibition, due in part to the perturbation of S phase. Utilizing chromatin immunoprecipitation assays, we demonstrate that p53 is associated with the telomeric complex in ALT cells. Furthermore, the inhibition of DNA synthesis in ALT cells by p53 requires intact specific DNA binding and suppression of recombination functions. We propose that p53 causes transactivation-independent growth inhibition of ALT cells by perturbing telomeric recombination.
Passivization in Bulgarian : a formal approach

L'A. explique la passivation bulgare a travers le formalisme de la Grammaire Universelle Applicative et montre que : 1) le passif sans agent est construit en appliquant un predicat passif a un operande qui remplit le role grammatical de non-agent. 2) La relation entre actif et passif est une relation de reduction. 3) L'agent est toujours implique dans toute construction passive. 4) Quand un agent est exprime explicitement, il se presente dans une expression adverbiale consideree comme un modificateur du predicat passif. 5) La 1 e fonction pragmatique de la passivation est la retrogradation de l'agent, la 2 e fonction peut etre la topicalisation d'un non-agent et la 3 e , la focalisation d'un agent exprime explicitement
Stabilising decentralised linear systems under data rate constraints

This paper considers the following question: given a deterministic linear plant with multiple sensors and controllers, how can one characterise the combination of channel data rates between all sensor-controller pairs which permits stability to be achieved? Under different stability objectives, two sets of data rate inequalities which must be satisfied by any stabilising decentralised coding and control scheme are presented. It is then shown that if another set of inequalities is feasible then a stabilising decentralised coding and control scheme can always be constructed. Finally, a tight data rate inequality for stabilisability is obtained for a special class of decentralised plant.
An extension to the cyclomatic measure of program complexity

A recent paper has described a graph-theoretic measure of program complexity, where a program's complexity is assumed to be only a factor of the program's decision structure. However several anomalies have been found where a higher complexity measure would be calculated for a program of lesser complexity than for a more-complex program. This paper discusses these anomalies, describes a simple extension to the measure to eliminate them, and applies the measure to several programs in the literature.
Violence Risk Factors in Stalking and Obsessional Harassment

The fear of violence is among the most common and debilitating concerns faced by stalking victims. This review summarizes the extant literature on stalking-related violence, highlighting risk factors unique to stalking as well as those common to most offender populations. In total, 13 published studies were found, encompassing 11 unique samples and 1,155 individuals. The overall rate of violence was 38.7%. Significant correlates of stalking-related violence included the presence of threats, substance abuse, and the absence of a psychotic disorder. Other strong correlates included a prior intimate relationship between victim and offender and a history of violent behavior. Results are discussed with respect to risk assessment strategies and future directions for stalking risk assessment research.
Meshing Roundtable , IMR 26 , 18-21 September 2017 , Barcelona , Spain A simple formula for quad mesh singularities

A formula is presented for determining the net sum of mesh singularity indices that must occur in an all-quadrilateral (quad) mesh of a face or surface region after the mesh properties have been assigned on the face’s boundaries and according to the face’s Euler Characteristic. The formula is derived from Bunin’s Continuum Theory for Unstructured Mesh Generation [1]. c © 2017 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd. Peer-review under responsibility of the scientific committee of the 26th International Meshing Roundtable.
Ecological and Environmental Role of Deadwood in Managed and Unmanaged Forests

Alessandro Paletto1, Fabrizio Ferretti2, Isabella De Meo1, Paolo Cantiani3 and Marco Focacci4 1Agricultural Research Council – Forest Monitoring and Planning Research Unit (CRA-MPF), Villazzano di Trento 2Agricultural Research Council – Apennine Forestry Research Unit (CRA-SFA), Isernia 3Agricultural Research Council – Research Centre for Forest Ecology and Silviculture (CRA-SEL), Arezzo 4Land / Forestry Resources Consultant, Sesto Fiorentino Italy
Nutritional and therapeutic value of fermented caprine milk

Caprine milk is a nutritional and therapeutic food. The unique and beneficial characteristics of caprine milk that are superior to bovine milk include: better digestibility ; greater buffering capacity ; fat globules that are smaller in diameter and better distributed in the milk emulsion ; higher content of short-chain fatty acids in the milk fat ; higher content of zinc, iron and magnesium ; stronger lactoperoxidase (antimicrobial) system as well as better immunological and antibacterial characteristics. The larger amounts of some minerals, such as calcium, zinc and magnesium, in caprine milk may influence the growth of lactic acid bacteria since they are a normal part of some enzymatic complexes involved in lactose fermentation. The higher whey protein content could also be significant because Lactobacillus acidophilus and bifidobacteria grow better in the presence of higher levels of some amino acids (valine, glycine, hystidine). The use of caprine and ovine milk in cheesemaking is well known, but the production of fermented caprine milk via probiotics has not yet been developed, although many studies have highlighted the requirements for production of that kind of healthy food. During fermentation caprine milk loses its characteristic ‘goaty’ taste, which is unacceptable to many consumers. Moreover, the nutritive value of caprine milk increases during fermentation. The rise in the number of goat farms in Croatia has created the need to find other products that can be produced using caprine milk. According to the present situation in Croatia, there is no real possibility of producing fermented caprine milk for the global market, but many studies of fermented caprine milk have been performed.
Perspectives in Diabetes Mesangia , l Expansion as a Central Mechanism for Loss of Kidney Function in Diabetic Patients

Diabetic nephropathy leading to kidney failure is a major complication of both type I (insulin-dependent) and type II (non-insulin-dependent) diabetes mellitus, and glomerular structural lesions (especially expansion of the mesangium) may constitute the principal cause of decline in kidney function experienced by a significant fraction of diabetic patients. Although the biochemical bases of these mesangial abnormalities remain unknown, an understanding of the natural history of diabetic nephropathy from a combined structural and functional approach can lead to greater pathophysiological insight. Work in animals has supported the concept that the metabolic disturbances of diabetes mellitus cause diabetic nephropathy, with structural and functional lesions prevented or reversed with improved or normalized glycemic control. Additional research must address this fundamental issue in humans, especially the response of advancing mesangial lesions to improved glycemic control. Factors not directly related to the metabolic perturbations of diabetes may serve to accelerate or diminish the pathophysiological processes of diabetic nephropathy. The elucidation and management of these factors, when coupled with improved glycemic control, may moderate the development or progression of diabetic kidney lesions in humans. Diabetes 38:1077-81, 1989
The long view: a selective review of 40 years of Newcastle disease research

This review is written for the series celebrating the 40th year since the first issue of Avian Pathology. The aim of the authors was to cover the developments in Newcastle disease (ND) research over the last 40 years that they considered significant. During those 40 years there have been several panzootics of this serious disease in poultry and for the last 30 years there has been a continuing panzootic in domestic pigeons, which has spread to wild birds and poultry. The 40-year period began with worldwide outbreaks of severe ND, which served as an important impetus for ND research work. Although early work was concerned with controlling the disease, specifically by improving and developing new vaccines and vaccine regimens, even prior to the 1970s ND virus was seen as a useful laboratory virus for replication and virulence studies. This review covers the historical developments in the following areas: understanding the molecular basis of virulence; epidemiology and relatedness of different ND strains, both antigenically and genetically; the emergence of virulent strains and their relationship with viruses of low virulence; sequencing and understanding the viral genome and genes; the development of rapid molecular-based diagnostic tests; and the phylogeny and molecular taxonomy of ND virus. The authors suggest areas in which future research could or should be undertaken.
Revealing the Hidden Mechanisms of Smoke-Induced Fallopian Tubal Implantation1

ABSTRACT Ectopic pregnancy (EP) is an enigmatic reproductive disorder. Although tubal EP is difficult to predict, several hypotheses about its etiology have been proposed. In retrospective case-control studies, smoking is associated with an increased rate of EPs in the fallopian tube. Studies of experimental animals in vivo and human fallopian tubal tissues in vitro have suggested mechanisms of fallopian tubal damage and dysfunction induced by nicotine and other smoking-related chemicals that may explain this association. However, the pathogenesis of smoking-induced modulation of implantation leading to tubal EP is largely unknown. Because cigarette/tobacco smoke adversely affects the success of intrauterine implantation, there is a great need to determine how embryo implantation occurs in the fallopian tube in female smokers of reproductive age.
Characterization and modeling of the polarimetric MIMO radio channel for highly diffuse scenarios

Une meilleure comprehension des phenomenes de propagation de canal radio est la cle pour ameliorer la performance globale des systemes de communications sans-fil. Ceci est particulierement vrai pour les environnements ou sont observes de forts mecanismes de diffusion. Neanmoins, les modeles recents de canal radio n’incluent pas le diffus et doivent etre reevalues en consequence. Dans cette these, il est propose de decomposer le canal radio polarimetrique MIMO en une composante multi-trajets speculaire (SMC) et dense (DMC), cette derniere incluant le diffus et les faibles SMC. L’objectif de cette decomposition est de caracteriser la contribution de la DMC et de developper un cadre de modelisation complet; cadre qui a ete applique a deux scenarios de propagation presentant des mecanismes severes de diffusion : milieu industriel et milieu vegetal. Ici, des nouveaux modeles polarimetriques ont ete developpes et valides a partir de canaux radio mesures. De plus, un algorithme de clustering base sur la distance entre composante multi-trajets (MCD) a ete propose pour regrouper les SMC estimes. La performance et la robustesse de cet algorithme ont ete comparees avec l’algorithme K-means MCD a partir de donnees generees par le modele de canal WINNER II. L’algorithme valide a ensuite ete directement applique aux scenarios avec l’hypothese que la DMC est presente ou pas dans le modele de donnees. Les resultats montrent sans ambiguites que les modeles proposes permettent non seulement une meilleure comprehension des mecanismes de propagation mais egalement que les modeles de canal radio sans DMC peuvent potentiellement induire en erreur l’interpretation de ces mecanismes.
Nonlinear modeling of wavelet coefficients around edges

State of the art image coders make use of various methods to exploit intra and inter-band dependencies of wavelet coefficients in order to improve performance. While these efforts achieve considerable bitrate reduction for coding clusters of insignificant coefficients in smooth areas, most of the bitrate is spent on coding wavelet coefficients that are localized around edges in images. Recent research in literature is focused on developing new (linear or nonlinear) representations that deal with the rich and varying structures of pixel values around edges. In this paper, we use a simplified edge model to investigate the nonlinear dependencies that exist among wavelet coefficients, and introduce a nonlinear representation that is geared towards exploiting such dependencies for improved coding performance. Simulations support the relevance of the model, and we discuss our current efforts to incorporate these ideas into an actual image coder.
True random number generator using current difference based on a fractional stochastic model in 40-nm embedded ReRAM

We have successfully developed a robust ReRAM true random number generator, using current difference, that does not require extra chip area. True random numbers are guaranteed by the current difference in the 1/fβ noise generated by Brownian motion, as tested using a fractional SDE model and verified using 1/fβ noise distribution. A highly reliable 40-nm ReRAM true random number generator circuit was designed and passed NIST SP800-22 randomness tests across all combinations of voltage (VDD ± 0.1 V) and temperature (−40 to 125 °C). The random number throughput achieves 32 Mbps with a low power consumption of 0.04 nJ/bit.
COMPANION ANIMALS SYMPOSIUM: Microbes and gastrointestinal health of dogs and cats1

ABSTRACT Recent molecular studies have revealed complex bacterial, fungal, archaeal, and viral communities in the gastrointestinal tract of dogs and cats. More than 10 bacterial phyla have been identified, with Firmicutes, Bacteroidetes, Proteobacteria, Fusobacteria, and Actinobacteria constituting more than 99% of all gut microbiota. Microbes act as a defending barrier against invading pathogens, aid in digestion, provide nutritional support for enterocytes, and play a crucial role in the development of the immune system. Of significance for gastrointestinal health is their ability to ferment dietary substrates into short-chain fatty acids, predominantly to acetate, propionate, and butyrate. However, microbes can have also a detrimental effect on host health. Specific pathogens (e.g., Salmonella, Campylobacter jejuni, and enterotoxigenic Clostridium perfringens) have been implicated in acute and chronic gastrointestinal disease. Compositional changes in the small intestinal microbiota, potentially leading to changes in intestinal permeability and digestive function, have been suggested in canine small intestinal dysbiosis or antibiotic-responsive diarrhea. There is mounting evidence that microbes play an important role in the pathogenesis of canine and feline inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Current theories for the development of IBD favor a combination of environmental factors, the intestinal microbiota, and a genetic susceptibility of the host. Recent studies have revealed a genetic susceptibility for defective bacterial clearance in Boxer dogs with granulomatous colitis. Differential expression of pathogen recognition receptors (i.e., Toll-like receptors) were identified in dogs with chronic enteropathies. Similarly to humans, a microbial dysbiosis has been identified in feline and canine IBD. Commonly observed microbial changes are increased Proteobacteria (i.e., Escherichia coli) with concurrent decreases in Firmicutes, especially a reduced diversity in Clostridium clusters XIVa and IV (i.e., Lachnospiraceae, Ruminococcaceae, Faecalibacterium spp.). This would indicate that these bacterial groups, important short-chain fatty acid producers, may play an important role in promoting intestinal health.