Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor Treatment Response in Advanced Lung Adenocarcinomas with G719X/L861Q/S768I Mutations

Background: Epidermal growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitor (EGFR-TKI) is the standard therapy for advanced lung adenocarcinomas with common EGFR mutations. Preclinical studies have suggested that uncommon G719X, L861Q, and S768I mutations are also sensitive to EGFR-TKIs. However, the efficacy of EGFR-TKIs in patients with these uncommon mutations remains unclear. Methods: A nationwide survey was performed to collect data from gefitinib and erlotinib treatment outcomes of patients with stage IIIB/IV lung adenocarcinoma bearing EGFR G719X/L861Q/S768I mutations. The results were compared with those regarding patients with exon 19 deletions or L858R mutations. Results: One hundred and sixty-one patients with uncommon EGFR mutations were enrolled from 18 institutes throughout Taiwan. Mutations of G719X, L861Q, S768I, G719X + L861Q, and G719X + S768I were observed in 78, 57, 7, 9, and 10 patients, respectively. After receiving EGFR-TKI treatment, patients with uncommon mutations exhibited a significantly inferior tumor response rate (41.6% vs. 66.5%; p < 0.001) and progression-free survival (median, 7.7 vs. 11.4 months; p < 0.001) than patients with common mutations. Among the patients who used EGFR-TKIs as first-line treatment, there was a significant difference in overall survival between these two groups of patients (median, 24.0 vs. 29.7 months; p = 0.005). Conclusion: Gefitinib and erlotinib are active in patients with G719X/L861Q/S768I mutations; however, less effective than in those with common mutations.
An early warning system for traffic and road safety hazards using collaborative crowd sourcing

The increase in the number of vehicles running on the roads challenges the road maintenance department to meet the demand for timely repair of the road and therefore, find a unified solution to identify the road construction problems such as potholes, bumps, corrugations, waves, defective street cuts, etc. Without a better real-time traffic alerts system, efficient maintenance of city roads will be difficult. So, a more effective monitoring system is required for detecting and solving road infrastructure problems. This research work presents an analytical model of a system that detects pavement deformities. The system presents a mobile application that captures the accelerometer profile using the in-built accelerometer in smartphone, to obtain the location of pavement deformities. The variations in the accelerometer values with respect to the vehicle speed are taken into account.
Thermodynamic and Kinetic Properties of Shocks in Two-Dimensional Yukawa Systems.

Particle-level simulations of shocked plasmas are carried out to examine kinetic properties not captured by hydrodynamic models. In particular, molecular dynamics simulations of 2D Yukawa plasmas with variable couplings and screening lengths are used to examine shock features unique to plasmas, including the presence of dispersive shock structures for weak shocks. A phase-space analysis reveals several kinetic properties, including anisotropic velocity distributions, non-Maxwellian tails, and the presence of fast particles ahead of the shock, even for moderately low Mach numbers. We also examine the thermodynamics (Rankine-Hugoniot relations) of recent experiments [Phys. Rev. Lett. 111, 015002 (2013)PRLTAO0031-900710.1103/PhysRevLett.111. 015002] and find no anomalies in their equations of state.
Cardiac Papillary Fibroelastoma:A Rare Cause of Isch emic Stroke in the Young

Among etiologies of stroke in young adults, primary cardiac tumors are very rare. We report the case of a 37-year-old woman who was admitted for an ischemic stroke in the right middle cerebral artery region. Etiologic investigations revealed, after transthoracic and transesophageal echocardiography, an aortic valve tumor. Treatment was first medical with anticoagulation, then surgical. Histological examination showed a papillary fibroelastoma. After a review of the literature, the possible mechanisms of the ischemic event are discussed and lead to the conclusion that this tumor must be surgically excised, even if asymptomatic, because of recurrent ischemic complications responsible for myocardial infarction, stroke and sudden death.
ANYmal - toward legged robots for harsh environments

Graphical Abstract Abstract This paper provides a system overview about ANYmal, a quadrupedal robot developed for operation in harsh environments. The 30 kg, 0.5 m tall robotic dog was built in a modular way for simple maintenance and user-friendly handling, while focusing on high mobility and dynamic motion capability. The system is tightly sealed to reach IP67 standard and protected to survive falls. Rotating lidar sensors in the front and back are used for localization and terrain mapping and compact force sensors in the feet provide accurate measurements about the contact situations. The variable payload, such as a modular pan-tilt head with a variety of inspection sensors, can be exchanged depending on the application. Thanks to novel, compliant joint modules with integrated electronics, ANYmal is precisely torque controllable and very robust against impulsive loads during running or jumping. In a series of experiments we demonstrate that ANYmal can execute various climbing maneuvers, walking gaits, as well as a dynamic trot and jump. As special feature, the joints can be fully rotated to switch between X- and O-type kinematic configurations. Detailed measurements unveil a low energy consumption of 280 W during locomotion, which results in an autonomy of more than 2 h.
THE EFFECT OF ALSTONEA BOONEI STEM BARK PLUS CISPLATININDUCED RENAL INSUFFICIENCY IN RATS

The bark of Alstoniaboonei stem was analysed for the medicinal and the effect of extracts on induced renal insufficiency. The plant material was collected in August-September 2012 and Rats 100-150g body weights were subjected to the study. Normal saline as control, Cisplatin, and cisplatin plus Alstoneiboonei stem bark extract were administered and the result summary for serum creatinine in cisplatin treated Rats (2.69±0.32mg/dl) and in Rats administrates cisplastin plus Alstoniaboonei stem bark extract (2.5±0.01mg/dl) were elevated compared to saline control (1.89±0.89mg/dl). Serum urea in cisplatin treated Rats was (38.4 ±2.98mg/dl) compared to Rats administrates with cisplatin plus the extract (38.4±2.98mg/dl) and saline control (24.94±3.76mg/dl). The study indicates Alstoniaboonei stem bark extract reduced the renal insufficiency in rats.
Control of osmotic pressure to improve cell viability in cell‐laden tissue engineering constructs

Design of tissue engineering strategies deals with the need to balance both biomaterials characteristics and techniques specificities, often resulting in cell‐compromising processing conditions. One important factor often disregarded is the osmotic pressure to which cells are exposed. An in‐house microfluidic system was used to prove that addition of an osmotic regulator significantly benefits the generation of viable cell‐laden hydrogels under harsh processing conditions. Human adipose‐derived stem cells were resuspended in 1.5% alginate and 1% gellan gum (GG; w/v) solutions containing different concentrations (0.12 m, 0.25 m and 1.5 m) of sucrose as osmotic regulator. GG (in water) and alginate (in water or phosphate‐buffered saline) solutions were used to vary the conditions under which cells were kept prior processing. Independently of the polymer, addition of sucrose did not affect the processing conditions or the viscosity of the solutions, except at 1.5 m. The obtained results clearly demonstrate that inclusion of 0.25 m sucrose during processing of the cell‐laden hydrogels allowed to keep cell viability around 80%, in opposition to the 20% observed in its absence, both for GG and alginate‐derived hydrogels prepared in water. Impressively, the level of cell viability observed with the inclusion of 0.25 m sucrose, 76% for GG and 86% for alginate, was similar to that obtained with the standard alginate solution prepared in phosphate‐buffered saline (82%). The beneficial effect of sucrose was observed within the first 5 min of processing and was maintained for prolonged experimental setups with viability values above 50%, even after a 2‐h time‐frame and independently of the material.
Functional Evidence for a pH Sensor of Erythrocyte K-Cl Cotransport through Inhibition by Internal Protons and Diethylpyrocarbonate

The sidedness of proton modulation of K-Cl cotransport (K-Cl COT) was studied in low K sheep red blood cells stripped of cellular Mg, Mg<sub>i</sub>, at alkaline medium pH, pH<sub>o</sub>, by the divalent ionophore A23187 and a chelator. This procedure activates K-Cl COT, presumably, by inhibition of MgATP-dependent kinases. Ouabain-resistant K efflux and Rb influx were measured in Cl or NO<sub>3</sub> either at variable pH<sub>i</sub> and fixed pH<sub>o</sub>, or vice versa, in erythrocytes pH- and volume-clamped with the anion exchange inhibitor 4,4′-diisothiocyanato-2,2′-disulfonic stilbene (DIDS) and sucrose. Between pH<sub>i</sub> 9 and 6, and at constant pH<sub>o</sub> 9, K effluxes decreased hyperbolically in Cl and linearly in NO<sub>3</sub> whereas Rb influxes fell almost linearly in Cl and asymptotically in NO<sub>3</sub>. Thus, saturation of outward and inward K-Cl COT, the calculated difference of the fluxes in Cl and NO<sub>3</sub>, occurred at slightly different pH<sub>i</sub> values. Hill plots revealed pK<sub>a</sub> values of 6.5 and 7.0, and Hill coefficients of >1 for outward and inward K-Cl COT, respectively. Raising pH<sub>o</sub> from 6 to 9 at fixed pH<sub>i</sub> slightly increased K and Rb fluxes in both Cl or NO<sub>3</sub>, but not K-Cl COT. The histidine reagent diethylpyrocarbonate (DEPC) inhibited low Mg<sub>i</sub>-activated K-Cl COT at ∼4 mM, an effect partially reversible by subsequent treatment with hydroxylamine. It is concluded that protons inhibit erythrocyte K-Cl COT through internal histidine(s) which may be part of a pH sensor.
Comorbidity of depressive symptoms among primary care patients with diabetes in a federally qualified health center

Depression is frequently comorbid with diabetes; however, less is known about this comorbidity in socially disadvantaged populations. This cross-sectional study examined depressive symptomatology among 424 patients with prediabetes or type 2 diabetes mellitus at a federally qualified health center. Prevalence of clinically significant depressive symptoms was assessed using the World Health Organization Five-Item Well-Being Index. The majority (67.7%) endorsed depressive symptoms, with greater prevalence among middle-aged adults (45–64 years) than younger or older counterparts. More women than men endorsed depressive symptoms. Findings suggest the need for routine depression screening in both prediabetes and type 2 diabetes mellitus, particularly among middle-aged and low-income individuals.
Antigen Presentation by Murine Peritoneal Cavity Macrophage-Derived Dendritic Cells

Murine peritoneal cavity macrophage derived dendritic cells (PEC-DC) generated using early growth factors, interleukin 4 and granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor followed by maturation in interferon-gamma plus either, Toxoplasma lysate antigen (TLA) or lipopolysaccharide, bind TLA by a nonspecific mechanism and continue to express major histocompatibility complex class II antigens after 24 h of culture in vitro. Moreover, the proliferation of CD3+ spleen T cells from mice immunized with Toxoplasma gondii homogenate, induced by PEC-DC-mediated antigen presentation was statistically significant and of consistent amplitude. This accessory function of PEC-DC is antigen specific.
Parsimony and complexity: Cell fate assignment in the developing Drosophila eye

ABSTRACT The specification of the R7 photoreceptor in the Drosophila eye has become a classic model for understanding how cell fates are assigned in developing systems. R7 is derived from a group of cells that also gives rise to the R1/6 photoreceptor class and the non-photoreceptor cone cells. Our studies examine the signals and cellular information that direct each of these cell types. The cell fates are directed by the combined actions of the Receptor Tyrosine Kinase (RTK) and Notch (N) signaling pathways. The RTK pathway acts to remove the transcription factor Tramtrack (Ttk) which represses the photoreceptor fate. If a cell receives an RTK signal sufficient to remove Ttk then the photoreceptor fate is specified; if not, the cone cell fate results. If Ttk is removed from a cell and its N activity is high then it is specified as an R7, but if its N activity is low then it becomes an R1/6 class photoreceptor. Thus, a remarkably simple molecular code underlies the specification of the fates: 1. Ttk degraded or not: 2. N activity high or low. In the R1/6 and cone cell precursors the molecular codes are achieved with relative simplicity but in the R7 precursor, manifold interactions occur between the RTK and N pathways, and to-date we have identified 4 distinct roles played by N in R7 fate specification. In this review we detail this molecular complexity, and describe how the RTK/N pathway crosstalk eventually leads to the simple molecular code of Tramtrack removed and N activity high. Furthermore, we describe the role played by the transcription factor Lozenge (Lz) in directing retinal precursor fates, and how the RTK/N signals specify different retinal cell types depending on the presence or absence of Lz.
Cabozantinib: A Multitargeted Oral Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor

Cabozantinib is an oral small‐molecule multitargeted tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) that may confer an advantage over other TKIs that target a single receptor. It was approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration for the treatment of both advanced renal cell carcinoma and progressive metastatic medullary thyroid cancer, and it is being investigated for a wide array of other malignancies. Rationale for use, clinical trial data, and current recommendations for cabozantinib in renal cell cancer, thyroid cancer, prostate cancer, hepatocellular cancer, and lung cancer are detailed in this article. Common adverse events are reviewed, and management strategies for select adverse events are discussed. Implications for contemporary practitioners are also provided because use of this novel agent is likely to increase as more studies are completed.
Partner Preference Among Men Who Have Sex with Men: Potential Contribution to Spread of HIV Within Minority Populations.

PURPOSE Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) disproportionately affects men who have sex with men (MSM) in the United States. Most prior research into drivers of HIV transmission has focused on individual characteristics rather than on dyadic-level behaviors such as sex partner selection. This article explores racial/ethnic preferences in sex and relationship partner selection among MSM to further contextualize the spread of HIV within minority groups. METHODS Participants were recruited through a mobile application (app) for men to meet other men in 2015 and completed an online survey on behaviors related to HIV risk. All analyses on the sample of 530 MSM were conducted in 2015. RESULTS There was significant homophily in partner selection within racial/ethnic minorities, but not for white MSM. In general, mobile app-using MSM reported a general preference for white and Hispanic men and a dispreference for black and Asian men, both for sex and relationship partners. CONCLUSION Racial/ethnic preferences were found to drive intentions to form partnerships within this sample. Combined with the stigma many of these racial/ethnic minorities may also feel from homophobic attitudes within their own racial/ethnic communities, these MSM may be at particular risk for social isolation. These partner preferences likely affect the structure of the sexual networks of MSM and may contribute to increased clustering within high HIV incident sexual networks.
Soluble Interleukin-6 Receptor, Interleukin-10 and Granulocyte Colony-Stimulating Factor in Acute Pyelonephritis: Relationship to Markers of Bacterial Virulence and Renal Function

Background: Cytokines and cytokine receptors are involved in the systemic and local inflammatory response in patients with urinary tract infections. Methods: We examined urine and serum concentrations of soluble IL-6 receptor (sIL-6R), IL-10 and granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) in 29 women with acute pyelonephritis caused by Escherichia coli 2 weeks after the infection, during the subsequent episode of cystitis or asymptomatic bacteriuria and also later when the same patients were free from bacteriuria. Concentrations of sIL-6R, IL-10 and G-CSF were related to the expression of five virulence markers of E. coli and to glomerular filtration rate (GFR) after pyelonephritis. Results: On admission because of acute pyelonephritis the serum concentration of sIL-6R was similar to that of 12 healthy controls. Two weeks after the infection when all patients had received antibiotic treatment, the serum concentration of sIL-6R was significantly higher compared to that on admission (p < 0.001) and also higher compared to healthy controls (p = 0.001). Patients with increased concentrations of sIL-6R in serum 2 weeks after infection had significantly lower GFR at follow-up (p < 0.05). Patients with acute pyelonephritis had higher concentrations of G-CSF and IL-10 in serum compared to healthy subjects (p < 0.001 and p = 0.06, respectively). G-CSF in serum was higher in patients infected by E. coli producing cytotoxic necrotizing factor (p < 0.05). Patients infected by strains producing hemolysin had lower concentrations of sIL-6R (p < 0.001). Patients with detectable levels of the anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10 in serum had significantly higher concentrations of IL-6 and the soluble tumor necrosis factor receptors I and II in serum as compared to patients in whom IL-10 was not detectable (p < 0.001, p = 0.001 and p < 0.05, respectively. Conclusion: These investigations, together with our previous findings summarized in this paper, contribute to an increased understanding of the local and systemic inflammatory response arising in response to acute pyelonephritis.
An optimization framework for solving RFID reader placement problem using differential evolution algorithm

A RFID (Radio-Frequency Identification) system comprises of an arrangement of RFID readers and RFID tags. A RFID system is known for its quick identification of objects to which the RFID tags are attached. RFID system has been used mainly in industries for identifying and tracking important assets. The most essential property of a RFID system is deploying RFID readers to ensure total coverage of all the RFID tags in an area. The total cost of an RFID system relies mostly on the number of readers. Thus, finding an optimal number of readers and their positions to cover all tags is a standout amongst the most vital issues in a RFID system. This paper proposes a simple simulation strategy for optimal RFID reader placement for a system with RFID readers of circular coverage. This simulation is carried with Differential Evolution (DE) algorithm, which has achieved 100% coverage with optimal number of RFID readers. The experimental set up and the results are explained in this paper.
Urinary Aquaporin-2 Excretion in Preterm and Full-Term Neonates

The study was undertaken to define the role of aquaporin-2 (AQP2) in renal concentrating performance by measuring urinary AQP2 excretion and urine osmolality in healthy preterm and full-term neonates during early postnatal life. Random urine samples were obtained from 9 full-term newborn infants (mean birth weight 3,218 g, mean gestational age 39.2 weeks) at postnatal ages of 1, 3 and 5 days. Five premature infants with a mean birth weight of 1,570 g and mean gestational age of 30.6 weeks were studied at the end of the 1st week and then weekly up to the 6th week. Urine osmolality (Knauer osmometer), creatinine (modified Jaffé’s method) and AQP2 concentrations (radioimmunoassay) were measured. In full-term neonates, urinary AQP2 excretion showed no consistent changes over the age period studied, while urine osmolality decreased significantly with advancing age. In premature infants, urinary AQP2 excretion remained practically unchanged during the first 4 weeks followed by an abrupt increase thereafter. Urine osmolality did not follow the developmental pattern of AQP2 excretion; its mean values varied only from 78 ± 39 to 174 ± 146 mosm/l during the experimental period. It is concluded that during the early postnatal period, urinary AQP2 excretion does not serve as a direct marker of the renal action of AVP and the renal capacity to concentrate urine.
Vortices and vortex lattices in quantum ferrofluids

The experimental realization of quantum-degenerate Bose gases made of atoms with sizeable magnetic dipole moments has created a new type of fluid, known as a quantum ferrofluid, which combines the extraordinary properties of superfluidity and ferrofluidity. A hallmark of superfluids is that they are constrained to rotate through vortices with quantized circulation. In quantum ferrofluids the long-range dipolar interactions add new ingredients by inducing magnetostriction and instabilities, and also affect the structural properties of vortices and vortex lattices. Here we give a review of the theory of vortices in dipolar Bose–Einstein condensates, exploring the interplay of magnetism with vorticity and contrasting this with the established behaviour in non-dipolar condensates. We cover single vortex solutions, including structure, energy and stability, vortex pairs, including interactions and dynamics, and also vortex lattices. Our discussion is founded on the mean-field theory provided by the dipolar Gross–Pitaevskii equation, ranging from analytic treatments based on the Thomas–Fermi (hydrodynamic) and variational approaches to full numerical simulations. Routes for generating vortices in dipolar condensates are discussed, with particular attention paid to rotating condensates, where surface instabilities drive the nucleation of vortices, and lead to the emergence of rich and varied vortex lattice structures. We also present an outlook, including potential extensions to degenerate Fermi gases, quantum Hall physics, toroidal systems and the Berezinskii–Kosterlitz–Thouless transition.
Mitigating the impact of voltage sags and swells on type IV wind generator systems

This paper proposes a unique coordinated ride-through capability enhancement scheme for Type IV wind generators to counter the impact of symmetrical and asymmetrical voltage swells. A novel protection hardware configuration is utilized to restrict the dc-link overvoltage and undervoltage in the event of voltage swells at the Point of Common Coupling (PCC), which would otherwise damage the converter. Moreover, a reactive power flow management algorithm is implemented to support the grid voltage during the transient event. A supervisory controller is used to control the insertion of the protection hardware and also to regulate the reactive power flow between the generator and grid. It is observed that there is substantial improvement in ride-through performance. A 10-MW Wound Rotor Synchrnous Generator (WRSG) wind farm in MATLAB/Simscape Power Systems is utilized to validate the effectiveness of the scheme. The 10 MW wind farm consists of 5 × 2-MW wind generators.