Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Cyclin-dependent kinase 1 (Cdk1) is essential for cell division and suppression of DNA re-replication but not for liver regeneration

Cyclin-dependent kinase 1 (Cdk1) is an archetypical kinase and a central regulator that drives cells through G2 phase and mitosis. Knockouts of Cdk2, Cdk3, Cdk4, or Cdk6 have resulted in viable mice, but the in vivo functions of Cdk1 have not been fully explored in mammals. Here we have generated a conditional-knockout mouse model to study the functions of Cdk1 in vivo. Ablation of Cdk1 leads to arrest of embryonic development around the blastocyst stage. Interestingly, liver-specific deletion of Cdk1 is well tolerated, and liver regeneration after partial hepatectomy is not impaired, indicating that regeneration can be driven by cell growth without cell division. The loss of Cdk1 does not affect S phase progression but results in DNA re-replication because of an increase in Cdk2/cyclin A2 activity. Unlike other Cdks, loss of Cdk1 in the liver confers complete resistance against tumorigenesis induced by activated Ras and silencing of p53.
A comparison of the antibacterial activities of N-formimidoyl thienamycin (MK0787) with those of other recently developed beta-lactam derivatives

The antibacterial activity of N-formimidoyl thienamycin (MK0787) was evaluated in 335 clinical isolates of ampicillin-resistant Enterobacteriaceae, 50 Pseudomonas aeruginosa strains, 28 Acinetobacter spp. , 50 Streptococcus faecalis strains, and 7 oxacillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus strains and was compared with the recently developed beta-lactam antibiotics mezlocillin, cefuroxime, cefazedone, cefoperazone, cefotaxime, and moxalactam. Among the gram-negative bacteria, N-formimidoyl thienamycin was less active than cefotaxime against Klebsiella, Serratia, and Proteus spp. but had comparable activity against Escherichia coli and Enterobacter strains. Activity of the thienamycin derivative was somewhat lower than that of moxalactam against most of the strains and superior to that of mezlocillin, cefuroxime, and cefoperazone. Moreover, N-formimidoyl thienamycin was the most active drug against P. aeruginosa and Acinetobacter spp. and had activity comparable to that of ampicillin against Streptococcus faecalis. N-Formimidoyl thienamycin was bactericidal at concentrations less than twice the minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) in all gram-negative isolates tested. Oxacillin-resistant staphylococci (MIC of oxacillin, greater than 4 micrograms/ml) were inhibited at low concentrations of the thienamycin derivative (90% MIC, 0.25 micrograms/ml); however, N-formimidoyl thienamycin was not bactericidal at the 90% MIC. The antibacterial activity of N-formimidoyl thienamycin against all of the gram-negative bacilli was observed to be independent of beta-lactamase production.
Some models for intuitionistic finite type arithmetic with fan functional

In this note we shall assume acquaintance with [T4] and the parts of [T1] which deal with intuitionistic arithmetic in all finite types. The bibliography just continues the bibliography of [T4]. The principal purpose of this note is the discussion of two models for intuitionistic finite type arithmetic with fan functional (HAω + MUC). The first model is needed to correct an oversight in the proof of Theorem 6 [T4, §5]: the model ECF+ as defined there cannot be shown to have the required properties in EL + QF-AC, the reason being that a change in the definition of W12 alone does not suffice—if one wishes to establish closure under the operations of HAω the definitions of W1σ for other σ have to be adopted as well. It is difficult to see how to do this directly in a uniform way — but we succeed via a detour, which is described in §2. For a proper understanding, we should perhaps note already here that on the assumption of the fan theorem, ECF+ as defined in [T4] and the new model of this note coincide (since then the definition of W12 [T4, p. 594] is equivalent to the definition for W12 in the case of ECF); but in EL it is impossible to prove this (and under assumption of Church's thesis the two models differ).
Functions of the novel RhoGAP proteins RGA-3 and RGA-4 in the germ line and in the early embryo of C. elegans

We have identified two redundant GTPase activating proteins (GAPs) - RGA-3 and RGA-4 - that regulate Rho GTPase function at the plasma membrane in early Caenorhabditis elegans embryos. Knockdown of both RhoGAPs resulted in extensive membrane ruffling, furrowing and pronounced pseudo-cleavages. In addition, the non-muscle myosin NMY-2 and RHO-1 accumulated on the cortex at sites of ruffling. RGA-3 and RGA-4 are GAPs for RHO-1, but most probably not for CDC-42, because only RHO-1 was epistatic to the two GAPs, and the GAPs had no obvious influence on CDC-42 function. Furthermore, knockdown of either the RHO-1 effector, LET-502, or the exchange factor for RHO-1, ECT-2, alleviated the membrane-ruffling phenotype caused by simultaneous knockdown of both RGA-3 and RGA-4 [rga-3/4 (RNAi)]. GFP::PAR-6 and GFP::PAR-2 were localized at the anterior and posterior part of the early C. elegans embryo, respectively showing that rga-3/4 (RNAi) did not interfere with polarity establishment. Most importantly, upon simultaneous knockdown of RGA-3, RGA-4 and the third RhoGAP present in the early embryo, CYK-4, NMY-2 spread over the entire cortex and GFP::PAR-2 localization at the posterior cortex was greatly diminished. These results indicate that the functions of CYK-4 are temporally and spatially distinct from RGA-3 and RGA-4 (RGA-3/4). RGA-3/4 and CYK-4 also play different roles in controlling LET-502 activation in the germ line, because rga-3/4 (RNAi), but not cyk-4 (RNAi), aggravated the let-502(sb106) phenotype. We propose that RGA-3/4 and CYK-4 control with which effector molecules RHO-1 interacts at particular sites at the cortex in the zygote and in the germ line.
Clinical tests on comparative effectiveness of analgesic drugs.

A headache remedy, designated here as drug A is composed of ingredients a, b and c. Ingredient b was running short and the manufacturers wished to know whether or not the efficacy of this drug would be lowered through the omission of this ingredient. In order to answer this question, 2001 subjects suffering from frequent headaches were to be treated for two weeks on each occurrence of headaches with drug A, two weeks with drug B, which was composed of ingredients a and c, two weeks with drug C containing ingredients a and b and two weeks with drug D, a placebo consisting of ordinary lactate which is pharmacologically inactive. The four drugs were made to appear indentical in color, shape, size and taste. Neither the subjects nor the physicians administering the drugs were aware of the differences in the composition of the four drugs. Because of possible progressive sensitization or desensitization to the drugs, they were administered in different sequences as follows:
Outcome determinants for isocyanate induced occupational asthma among compensation claimants.

OBJECTIVES: To compare the outcome of occupational asthma (OA) induced by isocyanates in Ontario (where a surveillance programme for exposed workers has been in place for over 15 years), with the outcome of OA induced by other work agents. METHODS: Compensated OA claims during the period 1984-88 in Ontario were retrospectively reviewed in a standardised way. RESULTS: 136/235 compensated claims were attributed to isocyanates. Compared with other causes of OA, those attributed to isocyanates had a shorter latent period before onset (5.9 v 7.9 years, P < 0.05), shorter duration of symptoms before diagnosis (2.0 v 3.0 years, P < 0.05), and less associated atopy (43% v 58%, P < 0.05). Outcome at a mean of 1.9 years after initial assessment was significantly better in those with OA induced by isocyanates; 73% cleared or improved v 56% with other causes of OA (P < 0.05). Ten subjects with OA induced by isocyanates stayed at the same work; none cleared and four had worsened at follow up. A better outcome in OA induced by isocyanates was associated with early diagnosis (P < 0.05), and early removal from isocyanates after the onset of asthma. CONCLUSIONS: The outcome in the group with OA induced by isocyanates is similar to previous follow up studies. However, it is better than the outcome in our comparison group with OA due to other causes, perhaps because of earlier diagnosis in the group with OA induced by isocyanates. This may be attributable to the medical surveillance of workers exposed to isocyanates in Ontario, either directly from the surveillance assessments, or indirectly by increasing awareness of the condition.
Predictive and Prognostic Value of CYFRA 21-1 for Advanced Non-small Cell Lung Cancer Treated with EGFR-TKIs.

BACKGROUND Tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) directed against epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) are important in the treatment of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), especially those harboring EGFR mutations. But little is known regarding the clinical value of serum tumor marker levels measured prior to treatment. PATIENTS AND METHODS We retrospectively reviewed 95 patients with advanced NSCLC treated with EGFR-TKIs, and inspected the relationship between serum tumor marker levels and clinical outcome. RESULTS Forty-three patients with an elevated serum level of cytokeratin 19 fragment (CYFRA 21-1) had shorter progression-free (PFS) and overall (OS) survival than 52 patients with normal serum CYFRA 21-1 levels (99 vs. 123.5 days p=0.011; and 385 vs. 607 days, respectively, p=0.001). Regardless of EGFR mutation status, patients had shorter progression-free survival when serum CYFRA 21-1 was elevated. CONCLUSION Serum CYFRA 21-1 level may be a predictive factor for patients with NSCLC treated with EGFR-TKIs, regardless of EGFR mutation status.
Year to year recurrence and site‐fidelity of blackcaps sylvia atricapilla and robins erithacus rubecula in a mediterranean wintering area

Capture‐recapture data of 1985 Blackcap and 218 Robin migrants ringed during 6 winters were analysed to describe the winter site fidelity and the year to year recurrence at Pilas, Seville, Spain. A higher percentage of Robins (31.6%) than Blackcaps (18.7%) were recaptured. Most of the recaptures were recorded within the same winter of ringing and especially within different months of the same winter. On average, a higher percentage of Robins (22.4%) than Blackcaps (11.3%) were retrapped within the same winter. These percentages varied significantly among years in Blackcaps but not in Robins. Although both species were ringed between the end of September and March, recaptures were only recorded between November and February which suggests that this is the real period of winter residency. The percentage of recoveries subsequent to the winter of ringing diminished with no statistical variation among species or periods. The longest period between the first and last capture was higher in Blackcaps (Syr) than i.
Unusual food plants from Oakbank Crannog, Loch Tay, Scottish Highlands: cloudberry, opium poppy and spelt wheat

Oakbank is one of 18 crannogs in Loch Tay, and the first in Britain to have been excavated underwater. The abundant and well-preserved plant remains indicate a prosperous society with a well-founded arable and pastoral agriculture. Opium poppy and spelt wheat remains imply trade and suggest high status. Cloudberry pips highlight long-range gathering, possibly during transhumance.
Signatures of terminal alkene oxidation in airborne formaldehyde measurements during TexAQS 2000

[1] Airborne formaldehyde (CH2O) measurements were made by tunable diode laser absorption spectroscopy (TDLAS) at high time resolution (1 and 10 s) and precision (±400 and ±120 parts per trillion by volume (pptv) (2σ), respectively) during the Texas Air Quality Study (TexAQS) 2000. Measurement accuracy was corroborated by in-flight calibrations and zeros and by overflight comparison with a ground-based differential optical absorption spectroscopy (DOAS) system. Throughout the campaign, the highest levels of CH2O precursors and volatile organic compound (VOC) reactivity were measured in petrochemical plumes. Correspondingly, CH2O and ozone production was greatly enhanced in petrochemical plumes compared with plumes dominated by power plant and mobile source emissions. The photochemistry of several isolated petrochemical facility plumes was accurately modeled using three nonmethane hydrocarbons (NMHCs) (ethene (C2H4), propene (C3H6) (both anthropogenic), and isoprene (C5H8) (biogenic)) and was in accord with standard hydroxyl radical (OH)-initiated chemistry. Measurement-inferred facility emissions of ethene and propene were far larger than reported by inventories. Substantial direct CH2O emissions were not detected from petrochemical facilities. The rapid production of CH2O and ozone observed in a highly polluted plume (30+ parts per billion by volume (ppbv) CH2O and 200+ ppbv ozone) originating over Houston was well replicated by a model employing only two NMHCs, ethene and propene.
Distribution of organic compounds from municipal solid waste in the groundwater downgradient of a landfill (grindsted, denmark).

The distribution of organic compounds in the leachate plume downgradient of the Grindsted Landfill was mapped along two 300 m long transects (285 groundwater samples). At the border of the landfill, elevated concentrations of dissolved organic matter 30-110 mg of C L -1 (measured as nonvolatile organic carbon, NVOC) were found. In a distance of 130 m downgradient of the landfill, the NVOC had decreased to background level, which is 1-3 mg of C L -1 . More than 15 organic compounds were identified in the groundwater at the downgradient border of the landfill with benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, and xylenes as dominating. No pesticides were identified, but some phenoxy acids, which could be metabolites of known pesticides, were found. In a distance of approximately 60 m from the landfill, most of the specific organic compounds were no longer detectable. Since dilution and sorption apparently cannot account for the disappearance of the specific organic compounds within the first 60 m of the plume, it is proposed that the majority of the specific organic compounds were degraded in the anaerobic plume under methanogenic/sulfate-reducing or iron-reducing conditions. The investigation indicates that the aquifer has a substantial natural attenuation capacity
Speech Audiometry Tests in Noise Are Impaired in Older Patients with Mild Cognitive Impairment: A Pilot Study

RESULTS: The signal-to-noise ratio (S/N), expressed in dB, needed for speech reception threshold (SRT) in noise was worse in older patients affected by MCI, compared with older controls. The presence of masking likely affected the performance of both elderly controls and MCI patients; however, elderly controls had better performance with informative masking (CoDi) than MCI patients. CONCLUSION: Speech audiometry tests in noise are impaired in MCI older patients, and this could indicate a particular decline in functions associated with selective attention in these individuals. If confirmed in a larger sample of patients, these simple tests might contribute to the early identification of MCI patients.
Best of both worlds: Game Design meets User Interface Design

Der Beitrag diskutiert die Anwendung von Methoden und Werkzeugen aus dem Entwicklungsprozess der digitalen Spiele im Bereich des User Interface Designs. Anhand konkreter Beispiele von bestehenden Game Design Methoden und Werkzeugen wird ihre Adaption für die User Interface Entwicklung veranschaulicht, um aus diesen Erkenntnissen Handlungsempfehlungen für die Erweiterung bestehender Designprozesse abzuleiten.
L'Invention du compte rendu intégral des débats en France (1789-1848)

Source essentielle pour les historiens du Parlement, les juristes charges d’interpreter la loi et tous les citoyens soucieux de controler les deliberations des elus, les comptes rendus des debats parlementaires francais apparurent de facon spontanee a la Revolution. Toutefois, il fallut attendre les annees 1830 et les premiers systemes stenographiques pour que soit possible un compte rendu integral et fiable des debats, dont les agents compterent parmi les premiers fonctionnaires parlementaires. Des 1848, une institution etait nee, avec ses methodes rigoureuses, qui devait accompagner la democratisation de notre pays et perdurer jusqu’a nos jours.
Doubly Branched Hexasaccharide Epitope on the Cell Wall Polysaccharide of Group A Streptococci Recognized by Human and Rabbit Antisera

ABSTRACT A number of epitope specificities associated with the cell wall polysaccharide antigen of group A streptococci were identified in a polyclonal rabbit antiserum induced in rabbits by whole group A streptococci and in polyclonal convalescent human antisera from children that had recovered from streptococcal A infections. The identification was achieved by using a series of synthetic oligosaccharides, glycoconjugates, and bacterial polysaccharide inhibitors to inhibit the binding of the group A helical polysaccharide to the polyclonal antisera. The exclusively dominant epitope expressed in the convalescent human antisera was the doubly branched extended helical hexasaccharide with the structure α-l-Rhap(1→2)[β-d-GlcpNAc(1→3)]α-l-Rhap(1→3)α-l-Rhap(1→2)[β-d-GlcpNAc(1→3)]α-l-Rhap. The hexasaccharide epitope also bound with the highest immunoreactivity to the rabbit antiserum. In contrast, the human antisera did not show significant binding to the singly branched pentasaccharide with the structure α-l-Rhap(1→2)α-l-Rhap(1→3)α-l-Rhap(1→2)[β-d-GlcpNAc(1→3)]α-l-Rhap or the branched trisaccharide α-l-Rhap(1→2)[β-d-GlcpNAc(1→3)]α-l-Rhap, although both these haptens bound significantly to the same rabbit antiserum, albeit with less immunoreactivity than the hexasaccharide. Inhibition studies using streptococcal group A and B rabbit antisera and the inhibitors indicated above also suggested that the group A carbohydrate, unlike the group B streptococcal polysaccharide, does not contain the disaccharide α-l-Rhap(1→2)α-l-Rhap motif at its nonreducing chain terminus, stressing the importance of mapping the determinant specificities of these two important streptococcal subcapsular group polysaccharides to fully understand the serological relationships between group A and group B streptococci.
Varietal variation in the anti-nutritive effects of field beans (Vicia faba) when fed to rats.

Testa and cotyledons were separated from white and coloured flowered varieties of field beans (Vicia faba) and incorporated into complete diets for rats. Diets containing 10% testa from the coloured variety caused a 15% reduction in live weight gain compared with the diets containing testa from the white flowered variety. This was accompanied by a reduction in the true digestibility of nitrogen and the apparent digestibility of carbohydrates and lipids. The protein efficiency ratio and the net protein utilisation were also reduced but the biological value of protein was not significantly affected. The efficiency of utilisation of ingested feed dry matter was significantly reduced for the diets containing coloured flower testa but when live weight gain was expressed as a fraction of ingested digestible dry matter there were no significant differences. Live weight gain and digestibility of organic matter components were highly negatively correlated with the total phenolic content of the diet. It was concluded that the reduction in live weight gain of animals fed diets containing testa of a coloured variety compared with that of a white flowered variety was caused mainly by the reduction in digestibility of organic matter brought about by the complexing of dietary and digestive enzyme proteins by the high content of phenolic compounds present in the testa of the coloured variety. A 10% reduction in live weight gain was recorded for animals consuming diets containing cotyledons of coloured varieties compared with those consuming white flowered cotyledons. This reduction was not accompanied by any change in the digestibility of organic matter components and the true digestibility of nitrogen and protein efficiency ratio were not significantly different. There was, however, a significant reduction in the biological value which was a result of increased urinary nitrogen output. It was concluded that the cotyledons of the coloured flowered variety contained an anti-nutritive factor which was not a tannin-like compound and which had an effect on the protein metabolism of the animal.
Descriptive Epidemiology of Major Depression in Canada

Objective: The Canadian Community Health Survey: Mental Health and Well-Being (CCHS 1.2) is the first national study to use a full version of the Composite International Diagnostic Interview. For this reason, and because of its large sample size, the CCHS 1.2 is capable of providing the best currently available description of major depression epidemiology in Canada. Using the CCHS 1.2 data, our study aimed to describe the epidemiology of major depression in Canada. Method: All estimates used appropriate sampling weights and bootstrap variance estimation procedures. The analysis consisted of estimating proportions supplemented by logistic regression modelling. Results: The lifetime prevalence of major depressive episode was 12.2%. Past-year episodes were reported by 4.8% of the sample; 1.8% reported an episode in the past 30 days. As expected, major depression was more common in women than in men, but the difference became smaller with advancing age. The peak annual prevalence occurred in the group aged 15 to 25 years. The prevalence of major depression was not related to level of education but was related to having a chronic medical condition, to unemployment, and to income. Married people had the lowest prevalence, but the effect of marital status changed with age. Logistic regression analysis suggested that the annual prevalence may increase with age in men who never married. Conclusions: The prevalence of major depression in the CCHS 1.2 was slightly lower than that reported in the US and comparable to pan-European estimates. The pattern of association with demographic and clinical variables, however, is broadly similar. An increasing prevalence with age in single (never-married) men was an unexpected finding.
A Pin-Hole Free Architecture for Vertical Infrared Photodetectors Based on Thin-Film Organic/Inorganic Hybrid Nanocomposite

A new architecture for thin-film organic/inorganic infrared (IR) photodetector is introduced. An IR photodetector based on the architecture, composed of PEDOT-PSS polymeric hole transporter layer and hybrid nanocomposite of PbSe/MEH-PPV photon absorber layer sandwiched between ITO and Al contacts is fabricated and characterized. This architecture removes the issue of catastrophic shorts occurring between the top and bottom contacts in vertical structure thin-film organic/inorganic photodetectors. Moreover, measurements show that, this structure reduces the device dark current significantly.