Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Strained-Layer Epitaxy of Germanium-Silicon Alloys

Despite the dominant position of silicon in semiconductor electronics, its use is ultimately limited by its incompatibility with other semiconducting materials. Strained-layer epitaxy overcomes problems of crystallographic compatibility and produces high-quality heterostructures of germanium-silicon layers on silicon. This opens the door to a range of electronic and photonic devices that are based on bandstructure physics.
PREPARATION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF BAMBOO NANOCRYSTALLINE CELLULOSE

Nanocrystalline cellulose (NCC) has many potential applications because of its special properties. In this paper, NCC was prepared from bamboo pulp. Bamboo pulp was first pretreated with sodium hydroxide, followed by hydrolysis with sulfuric acid. The concentration of sulfuric acid and the hydrolysis time on the yield of NCC were studied. The results showed that sulfuric acid concentration had larger influence than the hydrolysis time on the yield of NCC. When the temperature was 50oC, the concentration of sulfuric acid was 48wt% and the reaction time was 30 minutes, a high quality of nanocrystalline cellulose was obtained; under these conditions, the length of the nanocrystalline cellulose ranged from 200 nm to 500 nm, the diameter was less than 20 nm, the yield was 15.67wt%, and the crystallinity was 71.98%, which is not only higher than those of cellulose nanocrystals prepared from some non-wood materials, but also higher than bamboo cellulose nanocrystals prepared by other methods.
Minimum Distance: A Method for Partitioning Recurrences for Multiprocessors

Parallel execution of nonvectorizable uniform recurrences is considered. When naively scheduled, such recurrences could create unacceptable communication and synchronization on a multiprocessor. The minimum-distance method partitions such recurrences into totally independent computations without increasing redundancy or perturbing numerical stability. The independent computations are well suited for execution on a multiprocessor, but they may not utilize all available processors. How extra processors can be applied to the independent computations is addressed. The methods are especially attractive for multiprocessors comprised of clusters. >
A novel feature descriptor for gesture classification using smartphone accelerometers

Since gestures are a natural form of human expression, gesture-based interfaces can serve as an alternative interaction modality with numerous aspects to be utilized in human computer interaction. In this paper, we address the issue of finding a compact but effective set of features for a robust gesture recognition, using a single 3-axis accelerometer. A novel feature extraction scheme, that allows the gesture form to be clearly discriminated, is proposed. Fuzzy k-Nearest Neighbour classifier is used for recognition of gestures in transformed feature space. The experiments, conducted on an custom gesture vocabulary, reveal that Histogram of Direction (HoD) descriptor, in conjunction with statistical features, produces a highly competitive performance, in terms of recognition accuracy.
Continuity of Care for Complex Medical Patients: How Far Do We Go?

1. Barrett ML, Smith MW, Elixhauser A, Honigman LS, Pines JM. Utilization of intensive care services, 2011: Statistical Brief #185. Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project Statistical Briefs. Rockville, MD: Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality; 2014. 2. Wunsch H, Linde-Zwirble WT, Angus DC, Hartman ME, Milbrandt EB, Kahn JM. The epidemiology of mechanical ventilation use in the United States. Crit Care Med 2010;38:1947–1953. 3. Wallace DJ, Angus DC, Seymour CW, Barnato AE, Kahn JM. Critical care bed growth in the United States: a comparison of regional and national trends. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2015;191: 410–416. 4. Boles JM, Bion J, Connors A, Herridge M, Marsh B, Melot C, Pearl R, Silverman H, Stanchina M, Vieillard-Baron A, et al. Weaning from mechanical ventilation. Eur Respir J 2007;29:1033–1056. 5. Tobin MJ. Extubation and the myth of “minimal ventilator settings”. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2012;185:349–350. 6. Mohsenifar Z, Hay A, Hay J, Lewis MI, Koerner SK. Gastric intramural pH as a predictor of success or failure in weaning patients from mechanical ventilation. Ann Intern Med 1993;119:794–798. 7. Straus C, Louis B, Isabey D, Lemaire F, Harf A, Brochard L. Contribution of the endotracheal tube and the upper airway to breathing workload. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 1998;157:23–30. 8. Appendini L, Purro A, Gudjonsdottir M, Baderna P, Patessio A, Zanaboni S, Donner CF, Rossi A. Physiologic response of ventilator-dependent patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease to proportional assist ventilation and continuous positive airway pressure. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 1999;159:1510–1517. 9. Parthasarathy S, Jubran A, Laghi F, Tobin MJ. Sternomastoid, rib cage, and expiratory muscle activity during weaning failure. J Appl Physiol (1985) 2007;103:140–147. 10. Parthasarathy S, Jubran A, Tobin MJ. Assessment of neural inspiratory time in ventilator-supported patients. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2000;162:546–552. 11. Laghi F, Cattapan SE, Jubran A, Parthasarathy S, Warshawsky P, Choi YS, Tobin MJ. Is weaning failure caused by low-frequency fatigue of the diaphragm? Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2003;167:120–127. 12. Jubran A, Tobin MJ. Pathophysiologic basis of acute respiratory distress in patients who fail a trial of weaning from mechanical ventilation. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 1997;155:906–915. 13. Sklar MC, Burns K, Rittayamai N, Lanys A, Rauseo M, Chen L, Dres M, Chen G-Q, Goligher EC, Adhikari NK, et al. Effort to breathe with various spontaneous breathing trial techniques: a physiologic metaanalysis. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2017;195:1477–1485. 14. Ouellette DR, Patel S, Girard TD, Morris PE, Schmidt GA, Truwit JD, Al-Hazzani W, Burns SM, Epstein SK, Esteban A, et al. Liberation from mechanical ventilation in critically ill adults: an official American College of Chest Physicians/American Thoracic Society clinical practice guideline: inspiratory pressure augmentation during spontaneous breathing trials, protocols minimizing sedation, and non-invasive ventilation immediately after extubation. Chest 2017;151:166–180.
Milk ejection disorders in Swiss dairy cows: a field study

A questionnaire was sent to 2099 dairy farms to investigate the occurrence of poor milkability. Based on that, the frequency of poor milkability in Swiss dairy cows was 4% and the percentage of cows treated with oxytocin (OT) was 2%. In addition, 270 dairy farms that had reported cases of animals with poor milkability were contacted for an interview to classify the disorders. Farmers suspected disturbed milk ejection in 52%, anatomical dysfunction of the teat and/or the udder in 16% and milk ejection disorder or impaired milkability caused by discernable environmental factors in 32% of the cases. Forty-eight animals from 18 farms with suspected milk ejection disorders were selected for an experimental field study which included milk flow recording and OT administration to induce milk ejection. After cessation of the spontaneous milk flow, a low dose of OT (0·2, 0·5 or 1 i.u.) was injected i.v. to test the responsiveness of the udder to OT at a physiological level. When milk flow ceased again, 10 i.u. OT was injected i.v. (supraphysiological) to ensure complete udder emptying and to determine the residual milk. Milk ejection disorder could be confirmed in 69% of the cases, i.e. if residual milk was >20% of the total milk. Because in 27% of the animals milk ejection disorder was not confirmed on the basis of elevated residual milk, an anatomical disorder of the teat and/or the udder was suspected. Milk ejection disorder could be confirmed in 69% of the cases whereas in 27% of the suspected cases an anatomical disorder of the teat and/or the udder was suspected. An increased cortisol production in cows with milk ejection disorder was not obvious because faecal concentrations of cortisol metabolites with a 5β-androstane-3α,11oxo-structure were not augmented in animals with disturbed milk ejection.
A schur method for solving algebraic Riccati equations

In this paper a new algorithm for solving algebraic Riccati equations (both continuous-time and discrete-time versions) is presented. The method studied is a variant of the classical eigenvector approach and uses instead an appropriate set of Schur vectors thereby gaining substantial numerical advantages. Complete proofs of the Schur approach are given as well as considerable discussion of numerical issues. The method is apparently quite numerically stable and performs reliably on systems with dense matrices up to order 100 or so, storage being the main limiting factor. The description given below is a considerably abridged version of a complete report given in [0].
Sequential activation and lethal hit measured by [Ca2+]i in individual cytolytic T cells and targets.

Changes in cytosolic free calcium ([Ca2+]i) have been continuously imaged during the interaction of the H‐2Kb specific cytotoxic T cell lymphocyte (CTL) BM 3.3, with either the H‐2Kb EL4.BU or the H‐2Kk RDM4 cell lines. Activation of the CTLs by EL4.BU raises [Ca2+]i to several hundred nanomolar in the CTL. Frequently [Ca2+]i is preferentially elevated in the region of the CTL furthest from the site of target contact. These responses require external Ca2+ suggesting that they are generated by the plasma membrane and not internal stores. Inappropriate targets such as RDM4 evoke no changes in [Ca2+]i. Activation of the BM 3.3 CTL is followed by increases of [Ca2+]i to several micromolar or higher in the EL4.BU targets. This massive increase can be mimicked by direct application of cytolytic granules isolated from rat natural killer cells. The increase in plasma membrane permeability is ion‐specific since external Mn2+ can also readily enter target cells that have been ‘hit’, as evidenced by the rapid selective quenching of fura‐2 in those targets. The flood of Ca2+ into the target cell is followed by a leakage of the trapped fura‐2. Since both processes continue after the CTL has disengaged, they provide a useful assay for the lethal hit. Furthermore, this technique can be used to follow complete cycles of CTL activation and lethal hit delivery, which under some circumstances can be as rapid as 6 min per cycle.
Modular compactor of test responses

This paper describes a new time compactor built of multiple-input circular registers of relatively prime length. It has excellent ability to detect errors corresponding to real defects such as errors of small multiplicity and burst errors. It operates in modular arithmetic and uses the Chinese remaindering to diagnose scan errors. Given that circular registers do not multiply errors or X values, the compactor is X tolerant.
Musculoskeletal pain and quality of life in patients with noninflammatory joint pain compared to rheumatoid arthritis: a population survey.

OBJECTIVE To establish the prevalence of different types of noninflammatory musculoskeletal pain in the general population, to determine the sociodemographic characteristics of persons reporting such pain, and to compare the epidemiological features in a population setting between different types of noninflammatory musculoskeletal pain and patients with confirmed rheumatoid arthritis (RA). METHODS A cross sectional postal survey of 20,000 (response rate 59%) randomly selected adults in 2 counties of Norway. Patients with RA were identified by a clinical and laboratory examination. RESULTS The self-reported one month prevalence was 15.4% for noninflammatory neck pain, 21.6% for noninflammatory low back pain, and 17.0% for noninflammatory widespread pain. Neck pain was significantly associated to younger, lower educated, working, and married women; low back pain to higher educated and non-working men; and widespread pain to lower educated middle aged, divorced or widowed, and non-working women. Patients with RA and widespread pain experienced similar pain intensity, mental distress levels, problems with insomnia, and similar scores on global health satisfaction, whereas pain as well as reported health consequences were less pronounced in subjects with regional pain. Disability levels were highest in RA, followed by widespread pain, low back pain, and neck pain. CONCLUSION This population study supports the hypothesis of a continuum for most health related quality of life measures, starting with noninflammatory regional musculoskeletal pain and ending with multiple periarticular or inflammatory disease (widespread pain and RA). This study also shows that widespread pain and RA had similar health effect, except for levels of disability.
Hepatectomy for Liver Metastases of Colorectal Cancer After Adoptive Chemoimmunotherapy Using Activated αβ T-cells.

BACKGROUND/AIM Various types of chemoimmunotherapies for malignant tumors have been reported. However, there are few reports on hepatectomy after chemoimmunotherapy. We evaluated the safety and efficacy of hepatectomy for patients with stage IV colorectal liver metastases (CLM) after chemoimmunotherapy using activated αβ T-cells. PATIENTS AND METHODS From June 2012 to December 2016, five patients who underwent hepatectomy after receiving capecitabine and oxaliplatin (XELOX) plus bevacizumab and ex vivo-expanded αβ T-lymphocytes as first-line chemoimmunotherapy were included. RESULTS The median age of the five patients (two men, three women) was 61.4 (range=56-75) years. The surgical procedure was partial hepatectomy in two, laparoscopic partial hepatectomy in two, and one case of partial hepatectomy with subsegmentectomy. There was no postoperative complication of Clavien-Dindo grade 3A or higher. One patient had multiple lung metastases. CONCLUSION Hepatectomy after chemoimmunotherapy using activated αβ T-cells for CLM can be performed safely.
Evidence for the Antiquity of Scalping from Central Illinois

Just before the archaeological party of the University of Chicago moved camp to the extreme southeastern part of Fulton County, Illinois, during the summer of 1933, the writer visited the aboriginal site (designated Fv896 by the archaeological survey) on the Norman Crable farm located on the high Illinois River bluff about two miles north of Bluff City. Here for several years Mr. Glenn McGirr, a local collector, had opened a large number of graves to secure artifacts, and on that afternoon had opened six of them. The burials were extended on the back with the arms to the sides and accompanied by typical Middle Mississippi pottery and other artifacts that were assigned to the Spoon River focus of the Monk's Mound aspect after excavations had been carried on by the field party.
Evolutionary Multiobjective Optimization Based on Gaussian Process Modeling

This paper presents a summary of the doctoral dissertation of the author, which addresses the task of evolutionary multiobjective optimization using surrogate models. The main contributions are done for the optimization problems, where solutions are presented with uncertainty. To compare solutions under uncertainty and improve the optimization results the new relations for comparing solutions under uncertainty are defined. These relations reduce the possibility of incorrect comparisons due to the inaccurate approximations. The relations under uncertainty are then used in the new surrogate-model-based multiobjective evolutionary algorithm called GP-DEMO. The algorithm is thoroughly tested on benchmark and real-world problems and the results show that GP-DEMO, in comparison to other multiobjective evolutionary algorithms, produces comparable results while requiring fewer exact evaluations of the original objective functions.
Viruses and lymphoma/leukaemia

Viruses of the retrovirus and herpesvirus families are aetiological agents of human leukaemias and lymphomas. The human T‐cell leukaemia virus type 1 causes adult T‐cell leukaemia and the Epstein–Barr virus is associated with Burkitt's lymphoma, lymphomas in immunosuppressed people, and Hodgkin lymphoma. The discovery of human herpesvirus type 8 has led to the identification of a rare and unusual group of virus‐associated lymphoproliferative diseases. Individuals infected with the human immunodeficiency virus are at greatly increased risk of developing lymphoma but here the mechanism of lymphomagenesis is indirect. Recent data suggest that hepatitis C virus infection is also associated with an increased incidence of lymphoma, whereas data relating to SV40 remain controversial. Copyright © 2006 Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Antennal lobe organization and pheromone usage in bombycid moths

We investigated the neuroanatomy of the macroglomerular complex (MGC), which is involved in sex pheromone processing, in five species in the subfamily Bombycinae, including Ernolatia moorei, Trilocha varians, Rondotia menciana, Bombyx mandarina and Bombyx mori. The glomerulus located at the dorsal-most part of the olfactory centre shows the largest volume in moth species examined to date. Such normal glomerular organization has been observed in E. moorei and T. varians, which use a two-component mixture and includes the compound bombykal as a mating signal. By contrast, the other three species, which use another component as a single attractant, exhibited a modified arrangement of the MGC. This correlation between pheromone usage and neural organization may be useful for understanding the process of speciation.
Postprandial lipemia: effects of intermittent versus continuous exercise.

PURPOSE The purpose of this study was to assess whether exercise performed in continuous and discontinuous formats reduced postprandial lipemia to a similar degree. METHODS Fifteen normolipidemic and three borderline hyperlipidemic healthy males (ages 30.6 +/- 9.0 (mean +/- SD) yr, BMI 23.1 +/- 1.4 kg.m-2) participated in three trials, each conducted over 2 d. Subjects refrained from exercise for the 2 d preceding each trial. On day one, subjects rested (control trial), or ran at 60% of maximal oxygen uptake in either one 90-min session (continuous exercise trial), or three 30-min sessions (intermittent exercise trial). On day two, subjects ingested a high-fat test breakfast (1.2 g fat, 1.2 g carbohydrate, 70 kJ energy per kilogram body mass). Blood samples were obtained in the fasted state and at intervals for 6 h postprandially. RESULTS Fasting plasma triacylglycerol (TAG) concentrations did not differ between trials. Areas under the TAG versus time curves were 18.1 +/- 6.7% (mean +/- SEM) and 17.7 +/- 7.6% (both P < 0.05) lower than control in the continuous exercise and intermittent exercise trials, respectively. Plasma glucose responses to the test meal did not differ between trials, but the serum insulin response was lower in the intermittent exercise trial compared with that in the control. CONCLUSION The results suggest that both intermittent and continuous exercise can reduce postprandial lipemia.
Analysis of manipulating other's attention for smooth interaction between human and robot

Understanding and predicting human's behavior by a robot is necessary for smooth interaction with humans. Humans often achieve them by guidance of other's behavior, especially controlling its attention. Magicians can effectively manipulate spectators' attention. In this study, we hypothesized that the relationship between magician's gaze and hands plays an important role for controlling spectators' attention. To test the hypothesis, we carried out an experiment to measure gaze points of spectators who were watching magic videos and analyzed the result of the experiment. As a result, we obtained the result that when the magician's gaze coincided with his hands that were manipulating objects, the degree of attention drawing was higher than otherwise.
Distinguishing axions from generic light scalars using electric dipole moment and fifth-force experiments

We derive electric dipole moment (EDM) constraints on possible new macroscopic time-reversal and parity-violating (TVPV) spin-dependent forces. These constraints are compared to those derived from direct searches in fifth-force experiments and from combining laboratory searches with astrophysical bounds on stellar energy loss. For axion-mediated TVPV spin-dependent forces, EDM constraints dominate over fifth-force limits by several orders of magnitude. However, we show that for a generic light scalar, unrelated to the strong CP problem, present bounds from direct fifth-force searches are more stringent than those inferred from EDM limits for the interaction ranges explored by fifth-force experiments. Thus, correlating observations in EDM and fifth-force experiments could help distinguish axions from more generic light scalar scenarios.
Interactive Context Search System for Exchange Rate Data Using Granularity-Dependent Similarity Calculation of Temporal Data

This paper proposes an interactive context search system for exchange rate data, which supports users to grasp the relationship between exchange rate and events. As the fluctuation of exchange rate is influenced by various kinds of events, it is important to grasp how a certain type of events will influence the fluctuation of exchange rate, and the type of events common to time periods having similar trends. Regarding the fluctuation of exchange rate / events as the context of the other, this paper defines two types of context search functions. One is summarizing events occurred in time period having similar fluctuation. Another is searching events with specified type along with corresponding time periods. In order to find time periods having similar fluctuation, this paper employs several similarity calculations for temporal data, among which suitable one is selected according to the granularity of fluctuation a user is focusing on. This paper shows the experimental results on similarity calculation with different granularities, as well as the results of experiment with test participants conducting exploratory analysis of fluctuation of exchange rate.
Neuromuscular ultrasound for evaluation of the diaphragm

Neuromuscular clinicians are often asked to evaluate the diaphragm for diagnostic and prognostic purposes. Traditionally, this evaluation is accomplished through history, physical exam, fluoroscopic sniff test, nerve conduction studies, and electromyography (EMG). Nerve conduction studies and EMG in this setting are challenging, uncomfortable, and can cause serious complications, such as pneumothorax. Neuromuscular ultrasound has emerged as a non‐invasive technique that can be used in the structural and functional assessment of the diaphragm. In this study we review different techniques for assessing the diaphragm using neuromuscular ultrasound and the application of these techniques to enhance diagnosis and prognosis by neuromuscular clinicians. Muscle Nerve 47:319‐329, 2013