Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Variaciones espaciales y temporales de la abundancia de peces juveniles en la laguna costera Barra de Navidad, Jalisco, México: Efectos del huracán

espanolSe evaluo la variacion espacio-temporal de la ictiofauna juvenil en la laguna costera Barra de Navidad, Jalisco, Mexico. Las muestras se tomaron en dos periodos: Marzo 2011 a febrero 2012 en el sitio 1 y octubre 2012 a noviembre 2013 en los sitios 1 y 2. Durante el primer periodo de muestreo, ocurrio el paso del huracan Jova (octubre 2011) y este fenomeno, introdujo un nuevo factor en el analisis. Las capturas se realizaron utilizando un chinchorro playero. Se registraron la salinidad, temperatura y granulometria del sedimento. Un total de 36.897 individuos de 61 especies fueron colectados y su longitud total fue medida. El 90% de las especies y el 96% de los individuos aparecieron como juveniles. Cuatro taxones (Anchoa spp., Eucinostomus currani, Diapterus peruvianus y Mugil spp.) conformaron mas del 80% de las capturas en numero. Se encontraron diferencias significativas en la composicion de la ictiofauna entre periodos de muestreo y entre estaciones del ano para el sitio 1, mientras que se encontraron diferencias significativas entre sitios y entre epocas del ano durante el segundo periodo. Se encontro una diferencia significativa en la composicion de las asociaciones de peces antes y despues del paso del huracan Jova en el sitio 1. Se concluye que los fuertes cambios de salinidad son la causa mas probable de los cambios en las asociaciones de peces a lo largo del ano, mientras que las diferencias en la granulometria del sedimento y el porcentaje de materia organica explicaron las diferencias entre sitios. EnglishSeasonal and spatial variations of nearshore juvenile fish assemblages were assessed inside the coastal lagoon of Barra de Navidad, Jalisco, Mexico. Sampling was carried out during 2 different periods: March 2011 to February 2012 in site 1 and October 2012 to November 2013 in sites 1 and 2. During the first sampling period, the hurricane Jova (October 2011) hits the study area and introduced an unpredicted environmental impact. Samples of fish assemblages were taken using a beach purse seine. Water salinity, temperature and sediment granulometry were measured. A total of 36,897 individuals of 61 species were collected and their total lengths were measured. 90% of the species and 96% of the individuals were classified as juvenile. Four taxa (Anchoa spp., Eucinostomus currani, Diapterus peruvianus and Mugil spp.) made more than 80 percent of catches in number. Significant differences were found in fish assemblage composition between sampling periods and between seasons for site 1, while significant differences were found between sites and between seasons for the second sampling period. A significant difference was found in the composition of fish assemblages before and after the hurricane Jova at site 1 during the first sampling period. Strong seasonal changes in salinity are most probably the cause of changes found in fish assemblages along the year, while differences in sediment granulometry and organic matter percentages could explain differences between sampling sites.
Evaluation of Hand-Trimming, Various Sanitizing Agents, and Hot Water Spray-Washing as Decontamination Interventions for Beef Brisket Adipose Tissue.

Various chemical solutions (5% hydrogen peroxide, 0.5% ozone, 12% trisodium phosphate, 2% acetic acid, and 0.3% commercial sanitizer), water (16 to 74°C) spray-washing interventions, and hand-trimming/spray-washing treatments were compared for their ability to remove fecal material and to reduce bacterial contamination on beef brisket fat samples in a model spray-washing cabinet. The samples were inoculated with 2.5 cm2 of a bovine fecal paste inoculated with Escherichia coli (ATCC 11370). Hand-trimming followed by spray-washing with plain water (16 to 74°C when it came in contact with the sample; 20.68 bar pressure; for 36 or 12 s corresponding to chain speeds of 100 or 300 carcasses per h) lowered (P < 0.05) microbiological counts, compared to the inoculated control, by 1.41 to 2.50 log colony-forming units (CFU)/cm2. Additionally, spraying with chemical solutions (16°C; 1.38 bar, 12 or 36 s), before or after spray-washing with plain water (20.68 bar) of 16°C (36 s), 35°C (12 s) or 74°C (12 s) reduced bacterial counts by 1.34 to 2.87, 1.18 to 2.86, or 0.96 to 3.42 log CFU/cm2, respectively. Reduction in counts was influenced by water temperature (16 to 74°C), type of chemical solution, and sequence of spray application. Under the conditions of this study, hydrogen peroxide and ozonated water were more effective (P < 0.05) than trisodium phosphate, acetic acid, and a commercial sanitizer when applied after first washing with plain water. Trisodium phosphate maintained its activity when used before washing with water. In general, water of 74°C caused reductions (P < 0.05) exceeding 3.0 log CFU/cm2, which were higher than those achieved by trimming and spray-washing. No spreading of bacteria in areas immediately adjacent to the inoculation site was detected following spray-washing.
Identification of functionally key residues in maltose transporter with an elastic network model-based thermodynamic method

ABSTRACT Periplasmic binding protein-dependent maltose transport system (MBP-MalFGK2) of Escherichia coli, an important member of the Adenosine triphosphate-binding cassette transporter superfamily, is in charge of the transportation of maltoses across cellular membrane. Studies have shown that this transport processes are activated by the binding of maltose and are accompanied by large-scale cooperative movements between different domains which are mediated by a network of important residues related to signal transduction and allosteric regulation. In this paper, the functionally crucial residues and long-range allosteric pathway of the regulation of the system by substrate were identified by utilising a coarse-grained thermodynamic method proposed by our group. The residues whose perturbations markedly change the binding free energy between maltoses and MBP-MalFGK2 were considered to be key residues. In result, the key residues in 62 clusters distributed in different subdomains were identified successfully, and the results from our calculation are highly consistent with experimental and theoretical observations. Furthermore, we explored the long-range cooperation within the transporter. These studies will help us better understand the physical mechanism of the effects of the maltose on MBP-MalFGK2 by long-range allosteric modulation.
Incubación de la puesta de la "iguana colorada" (Tupinambis rufescens, Sauria, Teiidae): evolución y consecuencias del peso inicial de los huevos

Incubation of the clutch of the "red teyu" ( Tupinambis rufescens , Sauria, Teiidae): evolution and effects of initial egg weight. This paper is the third of a series on the biology of T. rufescens (Gunther, 1871), a lizard from semiarid regions in Bolivia, Paraguay and Argentina. Its populations are exposed to severe hunting pressure due to the exportation of tanned leather. The evolution of non-cleidoic egg weight under artificial incubation is studied, as well as the relationships of initial egg weight versus maximum egg weight, weight at eclosion, and neonate weight. Under these experimental conditions, the incubation period was 85 days (average), and the egg mass increased about 85% (average), because of water incorporation from the environment. Factors affecting the success in artificial incubation were examined. Incubated under equal conditions, bigger eggs produce robust hatchlings, with better survival chances in captivity than smaller hatchlings, originated in smaller eggs. Potential effects of unstable seasonal pluviosity -typical of the dry Chaco - upon the population dynamics of T. rufescens were examined.
Evaluation of the role of ltaS in the in vitro adhesion and immunomodulatory capacity of Lactobacillus gasseri ATCC 33323.

SELLE, KURT MICHAEL. Evaluation of the Role of ltaS in the in vitro Adhesion and Immunomodulatory Capacity of Lactobacillus gasseri ATCC 33323. (Under the direction of Dr. Todd Klaenhammer.) Lactobacillus gasseri ATCC 33323 is a member of the acidophilus-complex group, microbes of human origin with significant potential for impacting human health based on nichespecific traits. In order to facilitate functional analysis of this important species, a upp-based counterselective chromosomal integration system was established and employed for knockout mutagenesis of the lipoteichoic acid synthase gene in L. gasseri ATCC 33323. The ltaS deficient derivative exhibited significantly reduced ability to adhere to Caco-2 intestinal cell monolayers, relative to the wild-type parent strain. The ltaS knockout mutant also induced increased secretion of IL-10 and decreased IL-12 secretion from murine immature dendritic cells upon co-incubation, in vitro. Therefore, ltaS appears to have a significant role in mediating immunomodulation by L. gasseri ATCC 33323 to dendritic cells and adhesion to intestinal epithelial cells. Evaluation of the Role of ltaS in the in vitro Adhesion and Immunomodulatory Capacity of Lactobacillus gasseri ATCC 33323 by Kurt Michael Selle A thesis submitted to the Graduate Faculty of North Carolina State University in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Science
Fluorescent antibody technique to detect Cowdria ruminantium in in vitro-cultured macrophages and buffy coats from cattle, sheep, and goats.

: Fluorescent antibody tests, Giemsa stain, and electron microscopy were used to detect colonies of Cowdria ruminantium in in vitro-cultured macrophages and buffy coats from heartwater-infected cattle, sheep, and goats. Antibodies were obtained from C ruminantium-infected cattle, sheep, and goats treated with a small dose of oxytetracycline HCl. Cowdria ruminantium elementary bodies were small-coccus forms (0.14 micron) and large-coccus forms (0.22 micron to 0.6 micron). The size of inclusion bodies varied from 1.5 micron to 2 micron. Inclusion bodies and elementary bodies were observed in the cytoplasm of macrophages and neutrophils.
The Ecology of Neotropical Savannas.

1. The Problem of the Tropical Savanna What Is a Tropical Savanna? Need to Explain the Existence of Savannas 2. The Architecture of the Savanna Vertical Structure Horizontal Structure 3. The Seasonal Rhythms of the Savanna Species Perennial Species with an Annual Semidormant Phase Evergreen Trees with Seasonal Growth The Ephemeral Species Annual Species with a Long Cycle Perennial Species with a Seasonal Rest Period Species with Continuous Growth and Blooming Summary of Phenological Strategies in Venezuelan Savannas Phenology of the Species in Other Tropical Savannas and Their Comparison with the Venezuelan Savannas 4. The Productive Process Biomass and Production in Venezuelan Savannas Methodological and Conceptual Problems in the Study of Productive Processes The Productive Processes of the Tropical Savannas Production Data of Other Savannas and Grasslands Summary 5. Water Economy The Seasonal Vibrations of Soil Moisture Elements for a Discussion of the Water Balance of Tropical Savannas General Conclusions 6. Nutrient Economy The Savanna as an Oligotrophic Ecosystem The Genesis of the Relief and Its Relation to the Characteristics of the Landscapes and Soils Chemistry of Savanna and Other Tropical Soils The Principal Nutrients in the Vegetation The Problem of Aluminum in the Savannas Other Nutrients and Mineral Elements in the Vegetation The Nutrient Cycles The Nitrogen Economy The Economy of Other Nutrients The Nutrient Balance in Tropical Rain Forests 7. Synthesis and Conclusions Elements for an Interpretation of Savanna Ecosystems References Index
The Role of Sec15b and Phosphatidylinositol-4-Phosphate in Early Compatible Pollen-Pistil Interactions

Stigmas of Arabidopsis thaliana carrying the exo70A1-1 mutation are defective in early pollen-pistil interactions; pollen grain adhesion to the stigma, pollen hydration, and penetration of the stigmatic surface by the pollen tube. Exo70 function in directed secretion has been linked to its ability to bind the phosphatidylinositides. To provide support that the classical, octomeric exocyst complex, which contains the Exo70 subunit, participates in compatible pollen-pistil interactions, this process was analyzed in plants deficient in Sec15, another subunit of the exocyst. Additionally, the role of phosphatidylinositol-4-phosphate (PI-4-P) in female fertility was evaluated through the use of the mutants ROOT HAIR DEFECTIVE 4-1 and PI4Kβ1β2 -/-, which have increased and decreased levels of PI-4-P respectively. Reduction of Sec15b levels or perturbation of PI-4-P in the stigma resulted in a reduced ability of of the transgenic/mutant stigmas to support pollen grain hydration; though all other stages of early pollen pistil interactions were unaffected.
COLLISELLA AUSTRODIGITALIS SP. NOV.: A SIBLING SPECIES OF LIMPET (ACMAEIDAE) DISCOVERED BY ELECTROPHORESIS

A geographic survey of protein polymorphism in the intertidal limpet Collisella digitalis reveals that populations from northern California and Oregon have allelic frequencies at a leucine aminopeptidase locus that are sufficiently different from populations in southern California that individuals can be correctly assigned to their geographic entity with a 98.8% probability on the basis of their genotype. These two groups also have different allelic frequencies at a phosphoglucose isomerase locus, but only slight morphological differences between the groups are evident.Genotype frequency analysis shows that on the central California coast between Monterey Bay and Point Conception both the northern and southern groups are present, but not interbreeding. Thus, these groups are sibling species. The southern species is herein named Collisella austrodigitalis sp. nov.These species are thought to have originated by allopatric speciation, perhaps following the spatial isolation of a population of C. austrodigita.
Psychosexual Consequences of Traumatic Brain Injury for Victims and Their Partners

The psychosexual consequences of traumatic brain injury (TBI) are reviewed. The resulting review demonstrates a complicated interaction between psychosocial and emotional factors. Previous studies have focussed on the relatives and carers point of view rather than that of the patient. When patients have been included, the studies have been almost exclusively of male patients. Following from this, future ideas for research are outlined.
Floculación de Nannochloropsis sp. inducida por hidróxido de sodio: eficiencia de floculación, efecto sobre la viabilidad microalgal y su uso como alimento para rotíferos

Los laboratorios acuicolas altamente dependientes de Nannochloropsis sp. desarrollan mecanismos para su produccion masiva, con el desafio de poder extraer altas concentraciones celulares. La floculacion por agentes alcalinos es una alternativa que promete mayores ventajas, y el hidroxido de sodio puede ser el agente floculante mas conveniente. Sin embargo, para lograr una eficiencia maxima de floculacion son determinantes la cantidad del agente floculante, tiempo de exposicion, concentracion celular y tipo de microalga. Por lo anterior, se determino la cantidad de NaOH 0,5N y el tiempo de exposicion necesarios para lograr un pH optimo de floculacion en cosechas de Nannochloropsis sp. con concentraciones celulares mayores a 50x10 6 cel mL -1 . Los resultados mostraron que con 17 mL de NaOH 0,5N por litro de cultivo de microalgas se puede lograr una eficiencia de floculacion de 94,9% a pH 9,7 en menos de 60 min. Las celulas del sobrenadante (subproducto del proceso) fueron viables como inoculo de un nuevo cultivo de microalgas. El concentrado microalgal (355,7x10 6 cel mL -1 , peso seco 2,03 g L -1 obtenido fue adecuado como alimento para rotiferos. Por lo tanto, se recomienda el empleo de NaOH 0,5N como metodo simple, practico y de bajo costo para producir concentrados de Nannochloropsis sp. con fines acuicolas.
High-throughput sequencing of the chicken gut microbiome

The chicken (\(Gallus\) \(gallus\) \(domesticus\)) is the most abundant and widely distributed livestock animal with a global population of over 21 bill ion. A newly hatched broiler chick increases its body weight by 25% overnight and 50-fold over five weeks. The symbiotic, complex and variable community of the microbiome forms an important part of the gastrointestinal tract (gut). It is involved in gut development, biochemistry, immunology, physiology and non-specific resistance to infection. This study investigated the chicken gut microbiota using high-throughput 16S rRNA sequencing and culture-based techniques. There was specific interest in the proventriculus of which there is limited research currently in the literature and the caecum because it contains the highest density of bacterial cells in the gut at 10\(^1\)\(^1\) per gram. The results showed no significant difference in the first stages of the gut which shared a low-diversity microbiota dominated by a few \(Lactobacillus\) species. The microbiota becomes more diverse in the latter pa1ts of the small intestine where \(C/ostridiales\) and \(Enterobacteriaceae\) were present in higher numbers. The caecum was the most diverse organ with the majority of species belonging to Ruminococcaceae, Lachnospiraceae and \(Alistipes\). A number of novel species were isolated from the chicken gut and six of these were whole-genome sequenced.
Growth and laying performances of Japanese quails fed hazelnut kernel meal diets enriched with L-lysine, DL-methionine and L-threonine

Cette etude a ete realisee afin d'evaluer les performances de croissance et de ponte des cailles japonaise (JC) recevant une ration avec du tourteau de noisette enrichi avec de la L-lysine, la DL- methionine et la L-threonine. Deux experiences ont ete menees, en utilisant trois regimes differents (les memes pour les deux experiences). Le premier regime contenait du tourteau de soja deshuile (TSD), le deuxieme regime un melange de 50% de tourteau de noisette et 50% de tourteau de soja deshuile (50TN), et le troisieme regime uniquement du tourteau de noisette (TN). Durant la premiere experience ces regimes ont ete utilises comme aliment "croissance" pendant une periode de cinq semaines sur 450 JC âges d'une semaine, et dans la deuxieme d'experience ces regimes ont ete utilises comme aliment "ponte" pendant 112 jours sur 180 JC de 7 semaines d'âge. A la fin de la periode de croissance, il n'y avait aucune difference (P>0.05) entre les JC recevant les regimes TSD et TN en termes de gain de poids vif (PV) et d'indice de consommation (IC), par contre les cailles recevant le regie 50 TN ont presente un gain de PV superieur et IC plus faible (P 0.05) l'IC, la production d'oeufs, le poids des oeufs et la couleur du jaune. Il est ainsi conclu que TSD peut etre remplace totalement par du TN enrichi avec des acides amines Lys, Met et thr dans des rations pour JC en croissance ou en ponte. Cependant, les meilleures performances de croissance ont ete obtenues avec une composition de 50% TN et 50% TSD.
Distribution and Host Range of the African Fig Fly Zaprionus indianus

The African fig fly, Zaprionus indianus (Diptera: Drosophilidae) was recorded for the first time as a pest on date palms (var. Madjuol) in the Central Jordan Valley in June, 2012. Field trips were conducted to different orchards of fruit trees during the period from February to August, 2013 in the Jordan Valley, the high lands and the desert. Flies observed flying over decomposing or rotting fruits dropped on the ground were sampled by sweeping net. Fallen fruits were collected and incubated in the laboratory until adult flies emergence. Banana baited traps seeded with dry and active yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae were placed in several commercial fruit orchards. Our survey showed that Z. indianus was found in different ecosystems with variable abundance on many host plants in Jordan, utilizing diverse food resources. The fly was found on many fruits such as mulberry, grapes, peach, nectarine, plum, figs, date palm, sweet orange, sour orange, blackthorn, pomegranate, guava and apple. The minimum percentage of emerged adults of Z. indianus was 9.0%, which was recorded from fruits collected from Northern Jordan Valley during February, while the maximum percentage was 99.1% obtained from fig fruits collected from Southern Jordan Valley during June. The minimum percentage of adult Z. indianus in banana-baited traps was 49.7%, which was collected from peach orchard in June from Al Salt, while the maximum percentage was 93.9% on date palms in Dayr Alla in July. Our results provided basic and essential data needed for implementation of control measures against the fly population.
Grape Carotenoids: Changes During the Maturation Period and Localization in Mature Berries

Changes in the contents of four carotenoids during maturation of three varieties of Vitis vinifera were studied and the compounds localized in the main parts of the mature berry. Carotenoid levels decreased progressively from the onset of fruit development to the end of maturation, with a sharp decrease during veraison. The possible cause of this trend is discussed. In mature berries, carotenoid levels were higher in skin than in pulp. No carotenoids were detected in juice.
cDNA Cloning of Farnesoic Acid-Induced Genes in Candida albicans by Differential Display Analysis

The yeast Candida albicans has a distinguishing feature, dimorphism, which is the ability to switch between two morphological forms: a budding yeast form and a multicellular invasive filamentous form. This ability has been postulated to contribute to the virulence of this organism. Previously, we reported that the yeast-to-hypha transition in this organism is suppressed by farnesoic acid, a morphogenic autoregulatory substance that accumulates in the medium as the cells proliferate. In this study, using a differential display reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (DDRT-PCR) technique, we have identified several genes induced in C. albicans by farnesoic acid treatment. These observations indicate that farnesoic acid can alter the expressivity of multiple genes, including the DNA replication machinery and cell-cycle-control proteins.
Studies on the microbiology of fish and shellfish with emphasis on bacteriocin-like substances to control Listeria monocytogenes

vi Chapter 1. General Introduction 1 1.1. Potential benefits of seafood 1 1.2. Potential risks of seafood consumption 3 1.2. 1. Microbial flora found seafood 11 1.2. 2. Pathogenic microflora found in seafood 14 1.3. Listeria monocytogenes 14 1.3. 1. Characteristics of Listeria monocytogenes 14 1.3. 2. Listeria monocytogenes infections 16 1.3. 3. Pathogenicity of Listeria monocytogenes 19 1.3. 4. Detection of Listeria monocytogenes 20 1.3. 5. Isolation of Listeria monocytogenes 20 1.3. 6. Listeria monocytogenes in seafood 24 1.3. 7. Listeria monocytogenes in lightly preserved seafood products
Effect of short term benzene administration on circulating lymphocyte subpopulations in the rabbit: evidence of a selective B-lymphocyte sensitivity.

: Repeated subcutaneous administration of benzene to rabbits (0.25 or 0.5 ml/kg/day) produced a progressive lymphocytopenia with a 80% reduction in total circulating lymphocytes after 10 days of treatment. This decrease in circulating lymphocytes was due primarily to a reduction in B- cells with 17-30% remaining after 10 days of treatment, depending on the dose. Immunoglobin surface receptor - negative cells, presumably T lymphocytes, were relatively unaffected until late in the experiment at the high dose. It is concluded that benzene has a relatively selective cytotoxic effect on circulating B-lymphocytes in the rabbit.