Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
An Overview of Maximum Power Point Tracking Methods under Partial Shading Condition of Photovoltaic System

Utilization of renewable energy is a prime requisite for increasing energy demand of today’s world. Solar energy is a paramount renewable energy source to gratify ever increasing energy demand. Photovoltaic (PV) system converts the solar energy into electricity. Efficiency of PV system is a focal concern for maximum utilization of solar energy and non linear characteristics of PV system is a major snag for it. Maximum power point tracing (MPPT) algorithms track the maximum power point (MPP) on non linear characteristics to transfer maximum power to the load. Non uniform irradiance on PV panels of PV array is termed as a partial shading condition. Under Partial shading condition non liner characteristics of PV array has many MPPs and one of them is global MPP (GMPP). Under partial shading condition tracking of GMPP is necessary to transfer maximum power to the load. Strategies used to track MPP under uniform irradiance are trapped at local MPP and thus inept to track GMPP. Power transfer to load with respect to the local MPP will result in significant power loss. Characteristics of PV array are nonlinear and erratic with respect to the dynamic solar irradiance and temperature and under partial shading condition it become more intricate to track the MPP. Aim of this paper is to scrutinize different MPPT approaches to track the GMPP under partial shading condition. Brief preamble of various MPPT approaches is avowed here. Exploration of these approaches is done based on imperative parameters to make a conclusion.
Anti-Cancer Activity of Pomegranate and its Biophenols; General Review

Cancer is the second leading cause of death and is becoming the leading one in the old age [1]. Vegetable and fruit consumption are inversely associated with reduced cancer incidence and mortality [2]. Antioxidants from fruits have been extensively studied for their free radical scavenging activities to prevent the occurrence of chronic degenerative diseases [3,4]. The fruits which are high in polyphenols are reported to have antioxidant and chemo preventive and/or chemotherapeutic potential. There is a major need for less toxic but yet effective therapies to treat cancer. Pomegranate has been shown to exert anticancer and antioxidant activity, which is generally attributed to its high content of polyphenols due to their effects of neutralizing free radicals [3]. This review provides up to date info on how pomegranate and their biophenols can target a broad spectrum of genes and proteins to suppress cancer growth and progression. Pomegranate induces apoptosis and evokes anti-proliferative, anti-invasive, and anti-metastatic effects. Furthermore, pomegranate blocks the activation of inflammatory pathways. Thus, it was shown that pomegranate juice (PJ) and /or pomegranate extracts (PE) including genistein, significantly inhibit the growth of prostate cancer cells in culture and also inhibit cell proliferation and induce apoptosis in human breast cancer cells (MCF-7), human pancreatic cancer cells, colon cancer (CACO) and in Hepato-cellular carcinoma (HepGII) cell lines [5]. The aim of this review is to investigate the effect of pomegranate and its biophenols in the prevention and potential treatment of various types of cancers.
Analysis of Economic Growth in Kenya: Growth Accounting and Total Factor Productivity

Growth in output per worker has traditionally been modelled as being driven by physical capital accumulation while assuming that technological progress is exogenous. However, this factor has been unable to explain growth sufficiently and as such, recent thinking on growth gives prominence to other factors such as technological advancement, human capital and, research and development. This has led to the new growth models which demonstrate how long-run growth can be generated without overemphasis on exogenous technological changes. This paper, therefore, zeroes in on the contribution of the classical factors and technological advancement to output by carrying out growth accounting analysis. The baseline/theoretical framework for the study is the neoclassical production function from which the residual is calculated. Growth accounting analysis of the Kenyan scenario shows accumulation of the classical inputs, capital and labour, to be more important than total factor productivity growth with contributions of 71.4%, 25% and 3.6% respectively. The paper also shows that total factor productivity is influenced by openness of the economy as well institutions and terms of trade with elasticities being 0.3136, -0.3822 and -0.3352 respectively. From this analysis, it can be concluded that the Kenyan economy is propelled by factor accumulation and at the current level of development, the economy should concentrate more on policies that raise factor supplies for enhanced output.
EFFECTS OF TOLFENAMIC ACID AND PHENYLBUTAZONE AS POSTOPERATIVE ANALGESICS ON PHYSIOLOGICAL AND HAEMATOLOGICAL PARAMETERS FOR EQUINE CASTRATION

The study was conducted to evaluate the post operative analgesia offered by tolfenamic acid and phenylbutazone for castration in equines so as to identify a suitable analgesic agent for field practice with welfare concern in equines. The study was carried out on twelve apparently healthy horses that were referred to Madras Veterinary College Hospital for castration. The horses were randomly allocated to two groups of six horses each. Both the groups received xylazine (1.1 mg/kg) followed by ketamine (2.2mg/kg) intravenously, as an anesthetic regimen and while Group I received phenylbutazone (4mg/kgb.wt, i.m) as an analgesic agent, Group II received tolfenamic acid (4mg/kgb.wt, i.v). The present study conducted evaluated the analgesic efficacy of tolfenamic acid and phenylbutazone by measuring its effects on physiological and haematological parameters. The horses in both the groups were studied for a period of four days. On day 0 (preoperative day), day 1 (the day of the surgery), days 2 and 3 (post operative days). All the recordings and measurements were performed approximately at the same time of the day to avoid the diurnalvariations.The parameters recorded were body temperature, body weight, mean heart rate and mean respiratory rate to assess the physiological status, PCV, Neutrophil: Lymphocyte ratio, Platelet count and eosinophil count to assess the hematological status. The data obtained were statistically analyzed using completely randomized block design and paired t – test. Significant increase in the body temperature, platelet count and a non significant increase in mean heart rate in both the groups were present post operatively on day 1, which were later found to decrease on days 2 and 3. The eosinophil count in both these groups was found to decrease significantly in group I and non significantly in group II post surgically on day 1 and increase back to normalcy on days 2 and 3. In conclusion, both these drugs were identified to be suitable analgesic agent for field practice that could alleviate pain during post operative period.
A New Approach for Image Scaling Using DWT Interpolation

-Image scaling is a technique which scale down or scale up the pictures or video frames to fit to the application. This work proposes a new scaling algorithm for the implementation of image scaling. The proposed scaling algorithm is an area pixel scaling algorithm consisting of a Discrete Wavelet Transform (DWT) based interpolation and bicubic interpolation. To achieve higher visual quality, DWT interpolation is carried out first to the gray scale values of image and then bicubic interpolation is performed. A simple Haar wavelet based DWT is implemented. DWT is based on sub band coding, which divides the image into four frequency quadrants. To reduce the artifacts, bicubic interpolation is performed to all the quadrants separately. This work can achieve an image quality by a factor more than 10 dB than the existing bilinear interpolation method. The average Peak Signal to Noise Ratio (PSNR) is more and the mean square error is less in this method. The image artifacts like blurring can be greatly reduced and checkerboard effects are eliminated in the proposed method, thus this approach is better than existing methods in visual quality. The simulation of the work is carried out in MATLAB R2013a.
INTEGRATED MANAGEMENT OF SCLEROTIUM ROLFSII: AN OVERVIEW

Sclerotium rolfsii is soil-borne saprophytic fungus which causes different types of diseases like collar-rot, sclerotium wilt, stem-rot, charcoal rot, seedling blight, damping-off, foot-rot, stem blight and root-rot in more than 500 plants species including tomato, chilli, sunflower, cucumber, brinjal, soybean, maize, groundnut, bean, watermelon etc. S. rolfsii may be controlled through biological agents (Trichoderma harzianum, T .viride T. asperellum, Penicillium sp, Curvularia sp, Aspergillus niger, Bacillus subtilis, Pseudomonas fluorescens, Pseudomonas cf.montelii, P. aeruginosa; most significant), chemical agents (potassium salt, salicylic acid, sorbic acid, carbendazim, carboxin, benomyl, sancozeb, thiovit, dithane M-45, K2HPO4, potassium sorbate, captan 50% WP, thiophanate-methyl 70% WP, propiconazole 25% EC and thiram 75% SD, fluazinam, vitavax powder and topsin-M); plant extracts (garlic, clove, allamonda leaf, ginger rhizome, neem leaf, neem seed oil, turmeric rhizome, bel leaf, and onion bulb) and soil solarization. Among all these control measures, biological, soil solarization and medicinal plant extract were the more significant than chemical control.
Evaluation and Efficient Initial Centroid Selection of New Algorithm for High Dimensional Data

: Clustering is a division of data into groups of similar objects. Each group called cluster, consist of objects that are similar between themselves and dissimilar compared to the object of other groups. Dimensionality reduction is the transformation of high-dimensional data into meaningful representation of reduced dimensionality that corresponds to the intrinsic dimensionality of the data. This paper proposed a new algorithm of data partitioning based k-means will perform the data axis with highest variance will be chosen as the principal axis for data partitioning. The data partitioning tries to divide data space into small cells or clusters where inter cluster distance are large and intra cluster distance are small as possible. The experimental results show that the proposed algorithm mainly focuses on reducing the Sum of the Squared Error and increasing the clustering accuracy than the existing algorithm of k-means algorithm and Pam algorithm.
Feature Subset Selection for High Dimensional Data

— This paper considers feature selection for data classification in the presence of a huge number of irrelevant and redundant features. We propose a new feature selection algorithm that addresses several major issues with prior work, including problems with algorithm implementation, computational complexity, and solution accuracy. The key idea is to decompose an arbitrarily complex nonlinear problem into a set of locally linear ones through local learning, and then learn feature relevance globally within the large margin framework. It is capable of processing many thousands of features within minutes on a personal computer while maintaining a very high accuracy that is nearly insensitive to a growing number of irrelevant features.
SOME IMPORTANT AYURVEDIC MEDICAMENTS FOR HORSE DISEASES FROM ASHVAPALAPRAKASHA

Animals received good medical care in ancient India. In ancient and medieval periods not only the physicians but also the kings and the princes, were well-versed in animal care. Among the animal’s horses were given paramount importance, as they are desired by individual person, the society and the king in times of war as in times of peace. Shalihotra the first known veterinarian of the world an expert in horse husbandry and horse medicine has written a famous book on horse diseases and treatment. Based on this many books were further written by many medieval scholars. “Asvaphalaprakasha” is one of those famous treatises on horses with illustrations. This manuscript was found in Sri Samarth Vagdevata Mandir, Dhule during the medical manuscripts digitization under the Dept. of AYUSH EMR project “Collection and Digitization of Medical Manuscripts from South India, Maharashtra and Madhya Pradesh” (CDMM). It is a complete guide of horses, dealing with various species, auspicious and inauspicious characters of the horses, assessment of the horses for various purposes, their care in health and disease condition. The manuscript is composed with beautiful colour diagrams in support of description of the whorls, characteristic features of various types of horses, clinical findings of various diseases, locations for treatment procedures like bloodletting by venesection etc. Present article reveals certain important Ayurvedic medicaments of horses mentioned in this paper manuscript.
Texture Separation Using Enhanced Morphological Component Analysis

: The Morphological Component Analysis (MCA) is a method which allows us to separate features contained in an image when these features present different morphological aspects. MCA can be used for image inpainting and image separation task. MCA can be very useful for decomposing images into texture and piecewise smooth(cartoon) parts. Due to the use of curvelet dictionary in MCA piecewise smooth content part suffers from ringing artifact. TV regularization scheme was used to remove ringing artifact from the piecewise smooth part. In this work we aim at improving the MCA algorithm so that it can separate the piece wise smooth part and texture part more efficiently. The TV regularization scheme is approximated with daubechies wavelet. Daubechies wavelet transform is applied over the cartoon part of the image then soft thresholding of the coefficient is done and then again the image is reconstructed by taking inverse daubechies wavelet transform. Simulation result has shown that proposed method is giving better performance than the previous method in terms of various quality metric such as PSNR(peak signal to noise ratio), SSIM(Structural similarity).
Effect of Thickness on the Structure and Electrical Conductivity Properties of CuInSe2 Thin Films

The influence of different thickness (500,750, and 1000) nm on the structure properties electrical conductivity and Hall Effect measurements have been investigated on the films of copper indium selenide CuInSe2 (CIS) the films were prepared by thermal evaporation technique on glass substrates at RT from compound alloy. The XRD pattern show that the film have poly crystalline structure a, the grain size increasing with as a function the thickness. Electrical conductivity (σ), the activation energies (Ea1, Ea2), hall mobility and the carrier concentration are investigated as function of thickness. All films contain two types of transport mechanisms of free carriers increase films thickness. The electrical conductivity increase with thickness whereas the activation energy (Ea) decreased. Hall effect analysis results of CIS films show all films were of (p-type) and both hall mobility and the carries concentration increase with the films thickness, the samples are prepared and annealing with at (600)K.
A Novel Fuzzy Repetitive Control Scheme Based Harmonic Suppression of Circulating Currents in Modular Multilevel Converters applications

In a modular multilevel converter (MMC), the interaction between switching actions and fluctuating capacitor voltages of the sub modules results in secondand other even-order harmonics in the circulating currents. These harmonic currents will introduce extra power loss, increase current stress of power devices, and even cause instabili ty during transients. Traditional methods for circulating current harmonic suppression have problems such as limited harmonic rejection capability, limited application area, and complex implementation. This thesis presents a plug-in repetitive control scheme with fuzzy logic controller is implemented to solve the problem. It combines the high dynamics of fuzzy controller and good steady-state harmonic suppression of the repetitive controller, and minimizes the interference between the two controllers. It is suitable for multiple harmonic suppression, easy to implement, and applicable for both single-phase and three phase MMCs. S imulation and experimental results on a single phase MMC inverter proved the validity of the proposed control method.
Energy Awareness in HPC: A Survey

— Along with the increased awareness of energy and cost related to it, power management becomes a big issue for high performance computing. Power control is becoming a key challenge for effectively operating a modern high end computing infrastructures such as server, clusters, data centers and Grids. In addition to reducing operating costs, precisely controlling power consumption is an essential aspect in the field of High performance computing. Building energy efficient computer infrastructure is next major goal of the high performance computing. In recent years many researchers have been taking keen interest into developing sustainable, energy efficient high performance architecture. We, in this paper we are surveying energy efficient techniques for cluster computing and try to classify these techniques.
A Systematic Literature Review on Software Fault Prediction based on Qualitative and Quantitative Factors

– The growing demand for higher operational effectiveness and reliability in industrial processes has resulted in a huge attention in fault detection techniques. Researcher and practitioners are remains concerned with correct prediction when developing systems. On the other hand the most popular research area is software fault or fault prediction. Software fault prediction has both security and financial benefits in technical systems by preventing future failures and further improves process upholding schedules. Software fault prediction facilitates to software engineers to attention development activities on defect less code which enhance the software quality and minimize the cost and time to develop software system in today’s era of dynamic scenario of globalization. There are many prediction models which are used to filter the software defects. The present study empirically explorers the viability of reducing the software defect prediction based on qualitative and quantitative factors. Further, the study attempts to offer the future prospective in other dimensions like programming languages and for mapping the relation of attributes and fault tolerance.
Investigation of the Effect of Training on Promoting Breast-feeding at Baby-Friendly Hospital Case Study; Tohid Hospital in Jam, Bushehr

Background: The Baby-Friendly Hospital Initiative was launched in 1989 by World Health Organization and the United Nations Children's Fund for the promotion of breastfeeding. This program was implemented in many departments of gynecology and obstetrics and resulted in reduced malnutrition, infection, morbidity and mortality in children. This program has introduced 10 specific steps to support successful breastfeeding. For instance, in the fourth step, skin-to-skin contact and breastfeeding are promoted since the time of birth, and in the fifth step, mothers are instructed on how to breastfeed or persist in breastfeeding. In these ten steps, mothers are trained in various fields. Methods: In this cross-sectional study, a standardized questionnaire was used to collect data at baby-friendly hospitals. To assess the difference between multiple nominal variables, variance analysis was performed, using SPSS version 17. Results: Based on the analysis, mothers' awareness of the benefits of breast milk and breastfeeding was 83% in a baby-friendly hospital. Also, their awareness of proper breastfeeding was estimated at 78.5%. In addition, mothers' knowledge about the frequency of breastfeeding was 70%. Conclusion: Given the role of Baby-Friendly Hospital Initiative in training mothers on the importance of breastfeeding and its persistence in future, careful monitoring of these hospitals, breastfeeding support services and breastfeeding training by midwives at healthcare centers are of great importance.
ANTIBACTERIAL ACTIVITY OF SOME HERBAL EXTRACTS AND TRADITIONAL BIOCONTROL AGENTS AGAINST XANTHOMONAS AXONOPODIS PUNICAE V.A.GARGADE*

Xanthomonas axonopodis punicae is the causative agent of Bacterial blight of Pomegranate that is known to cause yield loss up to 70-90%. The primary disease management method involves mainly use of chemical pesticides. In present investigation the antibacterial activity of extracts of Acacia nilotica, Datura metel, cow urine and butter milk against Xanthomonas axonopodis punicae was studied by using cup diffusion method. The results showed that herbal extracts, fresh cow urine and fresh butter milk and various combinations of these materials showed antibacterial activity against Xanthomonas axonopodis punicae. The highest antibacterial activity was observed for admixture of aqueous extract of Datura metel with aqueous extracts of Acacia nilotica and least activity was observed for ethanol extracts of Acacia nilotica. Among the admixtures with biocontrol agents the maximum activity was detected in mixture of aqueous extract of Datura metel with aqueous extract of Acacia nilotica and fresh cow urine. The qualitative phytochemical analysis of methanolic, ethanolic extracts of Acacia nilotica and methanolic extract of Datura metel showed presence of phytochemicals like Phytosterols, Phenolic compounds, tannins, Saponins, Flavonoids, Proteins and Amino acids. Results indicate that Acacia nilotica, Datura metel, fresh cow urine and fresh butter milk alone or as combinations may be useful in the management of Bacterial blight of pomegranate caused by Xanthomonas axonopodis punicae. FT-IR analysis of fresh cowurine and cowurine distillate was revealed to elucidate chemical nature of active compounds in it.
Effect of Different Time Durations of Static Stretching of the Calf Muscle on Vascular Response in Popliteal Artery

Background: Precise matching of blood flow and metabolism is required for virtually all living tissues, this is especially important for skeletal muscle. Static stretch was thought to restore blood flow to the muscle and interrupt the pain spasm cycle. Purpose: To determine the effect of optimal time duration of passive static stretch of calf muscle on blood flow volume and cross sectional area of popliteal artery. Method: The study was done on sixty healthy male volunteer subjects aged from 20 to 25 years old. They were randomized into three groups (A, B, and C). Doppler ultrasound was used to measure the blood flow volume and cross sectional area of popliteal artery. 15, 30, and 60 seconds of static stretching of calf muscle for group A, B, and C respectively. Results: There was significant increase of blood flow volume and cross sectional area of popliteal artery as p= 0.004 and 0.011 respectively among three groups. Group B that holding stretch for 30 seconds was significantly increased blood flow volume (FV) in L/min and cross sectional area (CSA) in cm 2 of popliteal artery compared to other two groups ( P < 0 .05). Conclusion: The findings of this study suggested that using thirty seconds of static stretching for calf muscle was the most effective time duration to increase blood flow volume and cross sectional area of popliteal artery. [Mahmoud WS, Samhan AF, Abd-Elhalim NM, Mahmoud MZ. Effect of Different Time Durations of Static Stretching of the Calf Muscle on Vascular Response in Popliteal Artery. J Am Sci 2013;9(5):369-374]. (ISSN: 1545-1003). http://www.jofamericanscience. org. 46