Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Randomized trial of intravenous streptokinase, oral aspirin, both, or neither among 17,187 cases of suspected acute myocardial infarction: ISIS-2.ISIS-2 (Second International Study of Infarct Survival) Collaborative Group.

17,187 patients entering 417 hospitals up to 24 h (median 5 h) after the onset of suspected acute myocardial infarction were randomized, with placebo control, between i) a 1 h intravenous infusion of 1.5 million units of streptokinase; ii) 1 month of 160 mg/day enteric-coated aspirin; iii) both active treatments; or iv) neither. Streptokinase alone and aspirin alone each produced a highly significant reduction in 5 week vascular mortality: 791/8592 (9.2%) vascular deaths among patients allocated streptokinase infusion versus 1029/8595 (12.0%) among those allocated placebo infusion (odds reduction: 25% +/- 4; 2p less than 0.00001); 804/8587 (9.4%) vascular deaths among patients allocated aspirin tablets versus 1016/8600 (11.8%) among those allocated placebo tablets (odds reduction: 23% +/- 4; 2p less than 0.00001). The combination of streptokinase and aspirin was significantly (2p less than 0.0001) better than either agent alone. Their separate effects on vascular death appeared to be additive: 343/4292 (8.0%) among patients allocated both active agents versus 568/4300 (13.2%) among those allocated neither (odds reduction: 42% +/- 5; 95% confidence limits 34% to 50%). There was evidence of benefit rom each agent even for patients treated late after pain onset (odds reduction at 0-4, 5-12, and 13-24 h: 35% +/- 6, 16% +/- 7 and 21% +/- 12 for streptokinase alone; 25% +/- 7,21% +/- 7 and 21% +/- 12 for aspirin alone; and 53% +/- 8,32% +/- 9 and 38% +/- 15 for the combination of streptokinase and aspirin). Streptokinase was associated with an excess of bleeds requiring transfusion (0.5% versus 0.2%) and of confirmed cerebral hemorrhage (0.1% versus 0.0%), but with fewer other strokes (0.6% versus 0.8%). These "other" strokes may have included a few undiagnosed cerebral hemorrhages, but still there was no increase in total strokes (0.7% streptokinase versus 0.8% placebo infusion). Aspirin significantly reduced nonfatal reinfarction (1.0% versus 2.0%) and nonfatal stroke (0.3% versus 0.6%), and was not associated with any significant increase in cerebral hemorrhage or in bleeds requiring transfusion. An excess of nonfatal reinfarction was reported when streptokinase was used alone, but this appeared to be entirely avoided by the addition of aspirin. Those allocated the combination of streptokinase and aspirin had significantly fewer reinfarctions (1.8% versus 2.9%), strokes (0.6% versus 1.1%), and deaths (8.0% versus 13.2%) than those allocated neither. (ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Morganella morganii urease: purification, characterization, and isolation of gene sequences

Morganella morganii, a very common cause of catheter-associated bacteriuria, was previously classified with the genus Proteus on the basis of urease production. M. morganii constitutively synthesizes a urease distinct from that of other uropathogens. The enzyme, purified 175-fold by passage through DEAE-Sepharose, phenyl-Sepharose, Mono-Q, and Superose 6 chromatography resins, was found to have a native molecular size of 590 kilodaltons and was composed of three distinct subunits with apparent molecular sizes of 63, 15, and 6 kilodaltons, respectively. Amino-terminal analysis of the subunit polypeptides revealed a high degree of conservation of amino acid sequence between jack bean and Proteus mirabilis ureases. Km for urea equalled 0.8 mM. Antiserum prepared against purified enzyme inhibited activity by 43% at a 1:2 dilution after 1 h of incubation. All urease activity was immunoprecipitated from cytosol by a 1:16 dilution. Antiserum did not precipitate ureases of other species except for one Providencia rettgeri strain but did recognize the large subunits of ureases of Providencia and Proteus species on Western blots (immunoblots). Thirteen urease-positive cosmid clones of Morganella chromosomal DNA shared a 3.5-kilobase (kb) BamHI fragment. Urease gene sequences were localized to a 7.1-kb EcoRI-SalI fragment. Tn5 mutagenesis revealed that between 3.3 and 6.6 kb of DNA were necessary for enzyme activity. A Morganella urease DNA probe did not hybridize with gene sequences of other species tested. Morganella urease antiserum recognized identical subunit polypeptides on Western blots of cytosol from the wild-type strain and Escherichia coli bearing the recombinant clone which corresponded to those seen in denatured urease. Although the wild-type strain and recombinant clone produced equal amounts of urease protein, the clone produced less than 1% of the enzyme activity of the wild-type strain.
60 GHz to E-Band Switchable Bandpass Filter

A novel reconfigurable millimeter-wave bandpass filter (BPF) capable of operating between 60 GHz and the E-band, with a good channel isolation, is presented. This fully integrated filter is designed with all reconfigurable elements embedded for compactness. A new method that increases fractional bandwidths is introduced. It uses inductively coupled inverters but does not require tuning. New circuit models are provided for these inverters, reconfigurable resonators, and the reconfigurable bandstop stubs. The compact BPF achieved a footprint of only 4.75 mm × 3.75 mm. Measurements for the filters show good agreement with the simulation results.
Evaluation of New Indomethacin Dosage Forms

Indomethacin, an indole derivative nonsteroidal anti‐inflammatory drug, has been available since the early 1960s in gelatin capsules. In 1982, a sustained release product, Indocin® SR, was marketed. Awaiting marketing approval is a unique controlled release form of indomethacin, Indos. ® The disposition of indomethacin includes enterohepatic cycling and extensive metabolism to inactive metabolites. Enterohepatic cycling makes interpretation of bioavailability estimates of indomethacin dosage forms difficult. The relationship of indomethacin plasma concentrations to therapeutic effects and side effects is inconclusive. It appears in vivo prostaglandin inhibition occurs at very low plasma concentrations that are achievable with all available dosage forms.
An approximate modeling of 1d transient heat transfer in a gray participating medium

Transient combined radiative and conductive heat transfer is very crucial for glass thermoforming industry. Real time control of the process is presently under consideration for better glass manufacture with less defects. Solution of transient combined radiative and conductive heat transfer in glass requires the solution of radiative transfer equation, which usually takes hours to converge using latest finite volume codes. This paper formulates a polynomial approximation of the radiative part for real time applications. A state space model of the transient conductive and radiative heat transfer is presented. All the states of the model is shown to be observable with measurement only at one surface. The method is faster and takes few seconds to reach steady state with little deviation from the finite element solution. Formulation of the discretization is shown for one dimensional gray medium. Numerical simulation is presented for a case close to glass thermoforming with different radiative sources. A comparison with finite element solutions is also presented and it demonstrates the efficiency of this numerical tool.
The Mission of the Center.

An expanding body of research supports the importance of early intervention/education for young children with special needs and their families. The Communication and Early Childhood Research and Practice Center (CEC-RAP) is designed to promote interdisciplinary contributions to the field of early intervention/education for young children with disabilities, communication disorders, and/ or multiple risks for learning. CEC-RAP focuses on the continued expansion of research, personnel preparation, and service delivery through collaboration with interrelated projects in the College of Communication of Information, College of Education, and the Autism Institute in the College of Medicine.
An Overview of a Compiler for Mapping Software Binaries to Hardware

As new applications in embedded communications and control systems push the computational limits of digital signal processing (DSP) functions, there will be an increasing need for software applications to be migrated to hardware in the form of a hardware-software codesign system. In many cases, access to the high-level source code may not be available. It is thus desirable to have a technology to translate the software binaries intended for processors to hardware implementations. This paper provides details on the retargetable FREEDOM compiler. The compiler automatically translates DSP software binaries to register-transfer level (RTL) VHDL and Verilog for implementation on field-programmable gate arrays (FPGAs) as standalone or system-on-chip implementations. We describe the underlying optimizations and some novel algorithms for alias analysis, data dependency analysis, memory optimizations, procedure call recovery, and back-end code scheduling. Experimental results on resource usage and performance are shown for several program binaries intended for the Texas Instruments C 6211 DSP (VLIW) and the ARM 922 T reduced instruction set computer (RISC) processors. Implementation results for four kernels from the Simulink demo library and others from commonly used DSP applications, such as MPEG-4, Viterbi, and JPEG are also discussed. The compiler generated RTL code is mapped to Xilinx Virtex II and Altera Stratix FPGAs. We record overall performance gains of 1.5-26.9 for the hardware implementations of the kernels. Comparisons with the power aware compiler techniques (PACT) high-level synthesis compiler are used to show that software binaries can be used as intermediate representations from any high-level language and generate efficient hardware implementations.
Incentive mechanisms, loan decisions and policy rationing: A framed field experiment on rural credit

Purpose - The purpose of this paper is to investigate whether negative incentives in the pay-for-performance mechanism would trigger loan officers to strategically reject potentially good loans. If so, what is the feasible solution to alleviate the problem. Design/methodology/approach - A framed field experiment was conducted to test loan decision behaviors using loan officers from Rural Credit Cooperatives in Shandong, China. A 2 by 2 between-subject design was adopted to generate variation in incentives and prior information about credit risks. Findings - Results showed that loan officers did ration credit by rejecting more loans when facing risks of personal income loss. However, providing risk information about the application pool boosted the approval rate and offset the behavioral responses by a roughly same magnitude. Research limitations/implications - Findings in this study suggest that certain institutional settings can result in credit rationing via strategic loan misclassification. Further, information sometimes generates similar effects as those costly incentives or mechanisms that are not implementable in practice. Originality/value - This study adopted an innovative monetized experimental design that allows researchers to examine the (otherwise unobservable) trade-offs between Type I and Type II error in loan misclassification as incentives change. In addition, an anchoring prior information treatment is used to solicit the relative power of almost costless information and costly monetary incentives, and to point out a potentially feasible solution.
Influence of Physical Layer Configuration on Performance of Elastic Optical OFDM Networks

We study how the physical layer characteristics and novel digital impairment mitigation techniques impact the performance of elastic optical OFDM networks. The relationship between bandwidth blocking ratio (BBR) and fiber type, span length, dispersion management, FEC and intra-channel nonlinearity compensation are evaluated through cross-layer network simulations, which integrate closed-form expressions of quality of transmission into routing, modulation level and spectrum allocation (RMSA). An adaptive FEC assisted RMSA is proposed and proved to improve the network performance by optimizing the FEC overhead assignment for individual paths. Numerical simulations also show considerable performance improvement by deploying shorter span-length fiber links without dispersion management, and imperceptible influence of intra-channel nonlinearity compensation for flexible grid networks under very heavy traffic. These results provide valuable suggestions for physical layer fiber deployment and application of novel impairment mitigation techniques on elastic optical networks, such as intra-channel nonlinearity compensation as well as soft-decision FEC.
Timing of medullary late-inspiratory neuron discharges: vagal afferent effects indicate possible off-switch function.

1. In decerebrate paralyzed cats, we observed the responses of ventral and dorsal medullary inspiratory (I) neurons to two types of vagal afferent input that shorten neural I: lung inflation and vagal electrical stimulation. 2. A study population of 15 I neurons whose firing patterns suggested involvement in the inspiratory OFF-switch (IOS) was selected on the basis of two criteria: late onset of firing and excitation by vagal inputs. 3. Firing in relation to the end of I showed two types of response to vagal inputs. The pre-expiratory onset time (time from initial spike to end of I) was either unchanged (type 1 response in 5/15 neurons) or significantly changed (type 2 response in 10/15 neurons). 4. It is suggested that type 1 neurons, whose firing patterns remain closely locked to the end of I despite considerable changes of I duration, are involved in promoting the IOS, whereas type 2 neurons are either not involved (e.g., late-onset premotor neurons) or are involved at an earlier temporal processing stage.
Activity of the Novel Peptide Arminin against Multiresistant Human Pathogens Shows the Considerable Potential of Phylogenetically Ancient Organisms as Drug Sources

ABSTRACT The emergence of multidrug-resistant bacteria highlights the need for new antibacterial agents. Arminin 1a is a novel antimicrobial peptide discovered during investigations of the epithelial defense of the ancient metazoan Hydra. Following proteolytic processing, the 31-amino-acid-long positively charged C-terminal part of arminin 1a exhibits potent and broad-spectrum activity against bacteria, including multiresistant human pathogenic strains, such as methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) strains (minimal bactericidal concentration, 0.4 μM to 0.8 μM). Ultrastructural observations indicate that bacteria are killed by disruption of the bacterial cell wall. Remarkably, the antibacterial activity of arminin 1a is not affected under the physiological salt conditions of human blood. In addition, arminin 1a is a selective antibacterial agent that does not affect human erythrocyte membranes. Arminin 1a shows no sequence homology to any known antimicrobial peptide. Because of its high level of activity against multiresistant bacterial strains pathogenic for humans, the peptide arminin 1a is a promising template for a new class of antibiotics. Our data suggest that ancient metazoan organisms such as Hydra hold promise for the detection of novel antimicrobial molecules and the treatment of infections caused by multiresistant bacteria.
A reconfigurable Hilbert curve patch antenna

A novel reconfigurable Hilbert curve patch antenna (RHCPA) is proposed. The patch is figured using the third order Hilbert curve. By introducing some slots, at least two configurations of the antenna with different radiation patterns are formed. By using micro-electro-mechanical systems (MEMS) switches to switch the configurations, the radiation patterns are reconfigured. Simulation results are given.
Impact of residual right ventricular outflow tract obstruction on biventricular strain and synchrony in patients after repair of tetralogy of Fallot: a cardiac magnetic resonance feature tracking study.

OBJECTIVES Residual right ventricular outflow tract (RVOT) obstruction (RVOTO) is considered beneficial in patients after repair of tetralogy of Fallot (TOF) although underlying mechanisms are unknown. We sought to elucidate differences in myocardial strain and dyssynchrony parameters in patients after TOF repair with and without residual RVOTO using cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR) feature-tracking (CMR-FT) analysis. METHODS Fifty-four patients (mean age 16.4 ± 8.4 years) were assessed by CMR 14.2 ± 7.3 years after repair of TOF. Residual RVOTO on echocardiography was defined as a peak systolic RVOT gradient >25 mmHg and was present in 27 patients (no RVOTO in n = 27 patients). Right ventricular (RV) and left ventricular (LV) strain measurements were performed using CMR-FT software. RESULTS The two groups were well matched for age at CMR scan, time and type of surgical repair. There was no difference in the degree of pulmonary regurgitation (PR) and RV end-diastolic volume. Patients with RVOTO showed significant higher RV circumferential strain (CS) (P = 0.02) and RV radial strain (RS) (P = 0.02) values, whereas RV longitudinal strain (LS) did not differ between the two groups (P = 0.39). The degree of RVOTO showed a significant correlation with RV-CS (r = 0.37; P = 0.006) and RV-RS (r = 0.30; P = 0.03) while RV-LS was unrelated to RVOTO (r = 0.06; P = 0.68). Significant relationships between RV and LV strain parameters were only found in the RVOTO group. Interventricular dyssynchrony was significantly higher in the group without RVOTO (P = 0.03) while LV-LS (P = 0.03) and LV intraventricular synchrony (P = 0.05) were impaired in the RVOTO group. CONCLUSIONS In patients after TOF repair, residual RVOTO seems to preserve RV strain and results in stronger RV-LV interactions and less interventricular dyssynchrony and may therefore possess an early protective effect on RV remodelling. However, the potential negative impact of residual pulmonary stenosis on LV strain and intraventricular synchrony needs further investigation.
Exchange Rate Dynamics and Monetary Unions in Africa: A Fractional Integration and Cointegration Analysis

This paper uses fractional integration and cointegration techniques to analyze nominal exchange rate dynamics in three groups of African countries aiming to form currency unions in the near future. The proposed unions are the WAMZ (West African Monetary Zone), the EAC (East African Community), and the SADC (South African Development Community). The univariate results indicate that in all but three countries (Democratic Republic of Congo, Mauritius and Madagascar) the nominal exchange rate series exhibit a unit root. Concerning the multivariate results, for the WAMZ cointegration is only found in the case of Ghana with both Gambia and Guinea; for the EAC for Rwanda with Burundi, and Tanzania with both Rwanda and Uganda. Finally, for the SADC, cointegration is found in only 15 out of 66 cases, including Swaziland with South Africa, Zambia with Malawi, and Mozambique with both Lesotho and Tanzania. The policy implications of these findings are also discussed.
The nexus between stock market index and apartment and villa prices: Granger causality test of Swedish data

Purpose The purpose of this study is to investigate the Granger causal link between the stock market index and housing prices in terms of apartment and villa prices. Design/methodology/approach Monthly data from September 2005 to October 2013 on apartment prices, villa prices, the stock market index, mortgage rates and the consumer price index were used. Statistical methods were applied to explore the long-run co-integration and Granger causal link between the stock market index and apartment and villa prices in Sweden. Findings The results indicate that the stock market index and housing prices are co-integrated and that a long-run equilibrium relationship exists between them. According to the Granger causality tests, bidirectional relationships exist between the stock market index and apartment and villa prices, respectively, supporting the wealth and credit-price effects. Moreover, variations in apartment and villa prices are primarily caused by endogenous shocks. Originality/value To the authors’ best knowledge, this study represents a first analysis of the causal nexus between the stock market and the housing market in terms of apartment and villa prices in the Swedish context using a vector error-correction model to analyze monthly data.
Answer summarization via term hierarchical structure

In the research area of community-based question and answering (cQA) services such as Yahoo! Answers, most researchers focus on the correctness of answers and pay little attention to the completeness of answers. In this paper, we try to address the answer completeness problem through query-based extractive summarization. Unlike traditional query-based extractive summarization, we extract summary sentences considering not only its relevance to the question but also its relevance to answers and its ability to cover content of other sentences. We model the coverage ability of sentences through the hierarchical structure among terms and assume that terms lying on the upper layers cover more information than terms lying on the lower layers. Also, we propose a novel pyramid-like evaluation method, which considers the completeness, the precision and the conciseness of answers. The experiment results are very promising.
ENTRAINMENT ELICITS PERIOD AFTEREFFECTS IN NEUROSPORA CRASSA

Circadian clocks continue to oscillate in constant conditions with their own period (τ) and entrain to a cyclic environment by adjusting their intrinsic period to that of the zeitgeber. When circadian clocks are released from entrained to constant conditions, the τ of their initial free-run often depends on the nature of the prior zeitgeber. These postentrainment effects on period (τ-aftereffects) have predominantly been reported for animals but, so far, not fungi. The authors therefore investigated τ aftereffects in the classic circadian model system Neurospora crassa. The standard laboratory strain frq+, the short-period mutant frq1, and the long-period mutant frq7 were entrained to 11 different photoperiods in a 24-h day (2–22 h) and to zeitgebers with six different T (16–26 h), and then released to constant darkness. τ-Aftereffects in response to different photoperiods correlated weakly with prior photoperiod in frq+ and were unsystematic in both period mutant strains. Strength and direction of the τ-aftereffect in zeitgeber cycles with different T depended on their length and on the strain, showing a negative correlation with zeitgeber length in frq+ and positive correlations in frq1 and frq7. It has been proposed that τ-aftereffects are based on interactions of oscillators within a cellular network. The present findings in Neurospora, which grows as a syncytium, suggest that τ-aftereffects also exist in circadian systems based on multioscillatory networks organized at the molecular level. (Author correspondence: roenneberg@lmu.de)