Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Alcohol and Aldehyde Dehydrogenase Polymorphisms in Chinese and Indian Populations

The association between two functional polymorphisms in alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH2/ADH1B) and aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH2) genes and alcohol dependence was examined in 182 Chinese and Indian patients undergoing treatment for alcohol dependence and 184 screened control subjects from Singapore. All subjects were screened by the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT). Patients were also administered the Severity of Alcohol Dependence Questionnaire (SADQ). Polymorphisms were genotyped by allele-specific polymerase chain reaction and selected genotypes confirmed by DNA sequencing or restriction fragment length polymorphism. Our results showed that frequencies of ADH1B**2 and ALDH2**2 were higher in controls compared to alcohol-dependent subjects for both Chinese and Indians. Frequencies of these two alleles were also higher in the 104 Chinese controls compared to the 80 Indian controls. None of the eight Chinese who were homozygous for both protective alleles was alcohol dependent. The higher frequencies of the protective alleles could explain the lower rate of alcohol dependence in Chinese.
Methods of evaluating health centres.

Health centres have been established to meet the basic health needs of communities residing in well defined geographical areas (Dutt, 1963). Unfor tunately, most health centres serve rather large populations with very meagre resources. Despite these handicaps, there is scope to improve the health services if the working of the health centres can be systematically reviewed. In most instances, how ever, these reviews are no better than subjective impressions gained through occasional on-site inspections, or based on a perusal of the reports sub mitted by the staff which emphasize mostly the ful filment of certain assigned targets. On the other hand, if the achievements of the health centre are evaluated on a scientific basis, the planning can be more purposeful. The main difficulty seems to be a lack of evaluation techniques which could be applied within the existing framework of availability of reliable data on activity of the health centre. While tools for evaluation are available in industry and commerce, relatively less work has been re ported on suitable methods for evaluating medical care and general public health work. Attempts have been intensified in recent years to identify effective techniques for evaluating community health work (American Public Health Association, 1950; James, 1962; Brotherston, 1962; Department of Com munity Health Services, 1965; WHO Copenhagen, 1967 and 1968). Warren (1966) described seven areas of measurement which should be considered in the evaluation of a health service or programme, which include capacity to serve, effort expended, end-result, unmet demands and needs, adequacy, administrative efficiency, and quality. The various dimensions and difficulties in programme evaluation were thoroughly discussed at a symposium con vened at Kiel by WHO (1968). Two major concepts involved in programme evaluation are {a) evaluation of adequacy of performance, defined as attainment or accomplishment in relation to the total need or demand, and (6) evaluation of efficiency, defined as the input/output ratio or the amount of output per unit of input. Practical difficulties and modi fications needed in the application of proper tech niques for evaluation of health centre programmes have not been reported. Some of the principles that are necessary in such evaluations and the methods of collecting the relevant data are described and dis cussed in this paper, on the basis of a research pro ject carried out from 1966 to 1969 in Tamil Nadu, South India.
Developing Electronic Health Record (EHR) Strategies Related to Health Center Patients' Social Determinants of Health

Background: “Social determinants of heath” (SDHs) are nonclinical factors that profoundly affect health. Helping community health centers (CHCs) document patients' SDH data in electronic health records (EHRs) could yield substantial health benefits, but little has been reported about CHCs' development of EHR-based tools for SDH data collection and presentation. Methods: We worked with 27 diverse CHC stakeholders to develop strategies for optimizing SDH data collection and presentation in their EHR, and approaches for integrating SDH data collection and the use of those data (eg, through referrals to community resources) into CHC workflows. Results: We iteratively developed a set of EHR-based SDH data collection, summary, and referral tools for CHCs. We describe considerations that arose while developing the tools and present some preliminary lessons learned. Conclusion: Standardizing SDH data collection and presentation in EHRs could lead to improved patient and population health outcomes in CHCs and other care settings. We know of no previous reports of processes used to develop similar tools. This article provides an example of 1 such process. Lessons from our process may be useful to health care organizations interested in using EHRs to collect and act on SDH data. Research is needed to empirically test the generalizability of these lessons.
Simulation study on FinFET with tri-material gate

In this paper, a novel tri-material gate (TMG) FinFET device is proposed. Using three-dimensional (3-D) device simulator, hot-carrier effects and short-channel effects of TMG FinFET are investigated and compared with that of dual-material gate FinFET and conventional FinFET. Numerical simulation results shows that TMG FinFET exhibits significantly improved performance in terms of surface potential, electric field and carrier velocity distribution.
Mobile Camera Localization Using Aerial-view Images

: This paper proposes a method to estimate a mobile camera’s position and orientation by referring to the corresponding points between aerial-view images from a GIS database and mobile camera images. The mobile camera images are taken from the user’s viewpoint, and the aerial-view images include the same region. To increase the correspondence accuracy, we generate a virtual top-view image that virtually captures the target region overhead of the user by using the intrinsic parameters of the mobile camera and the inertia (gravity) information. We ﬁnd corresponding points between the virtual top-view and aerial-view images and estimate a homography matrix that transforms the virtual top-view image into aerial-view image. Finally, the mobile camera’s position and orientation are estimated by analyzing the matrix. In some cases, however, it is di ﬃ cult to obtain a su ﬃ cient number of correct corresponding points to estimate the correct homography matrix by capturing only a single virtual top-view image. We solve this problem by stitching virtual top-view images to represent a larger ground region. We experimentally implemented our method on a tablet PC and evaluated its e ﬀ ectiveness.
Twenty-Five Years Using the Intermodal Preferential Looking Paradigm to Study Language Acquisition

The intermodal preferential looking paradigm (IPLP) has proven to be a revolutionary method for the examination of infants’ emerging language knowledge. In the IPLP, infants’ language comprehension is measured by their differential visual fixation to two images presented side-by-side when only one of the images matches an accompanying linguistic stimulus. Researchers can examine burgeoning knowledge in the areas of phonology, semantics, syntax, and morphology in infants not yet speaking. The IPLP enables the exploration of the underlying mechanisms involved in language learning and illuminates how infants identify the correspondences between language and referents in the world. It has also fostered the study of infants’ conceptions of the dynamic events that language will express. Exemplifying translational science, the IPLP is now being investigated for its clinical and diagnostic value.
Exact Averaging of Atmospheric State and Flow Variables

A new set of averaging rules is put forward that exactly determines the means of air temperature, mixing ratio, and velocity by incorporating weighting factors in accordance with physical conservation laws. For the temperature and velocity, respectively, the means calculated according to these rules are shown to be in accordance with the gas law and the most fundamental definition from classical mechanics. By contrast, those reckoned according to traditional arithmetic averaging rules are found to be incorrect. For studies of eddy transport, and micrometeorology in particular, such imprecisely determined averages of state and flow variables bias the perturbation variables over the entire averaging domain and thereby skew estimates of mass, heat, and momentum exchange unless appropriate adjustments (such as density corrections) are applied. The exactcalculationofgas-phaseaveragesamendsthisproblemandisequallyapplicabletoplanetary-,synoptic-, and mesoscale averaging, as well as to climatology.
Gene-expression profiling in lung cancer: still early days.

“Gene-expression profiling is reproducible, may be applied in molecular classification of new subtypes, and is promising for setting new disease staging groups. ” High-throughput genomic technologies and sophisticated bioinformatics tools provide an unprecedented opportunity to search for solutions in personalized medicine and optimal patient care. Gene-expression profiling as one of the technologies has been rapidly applied to lung cancer research in recent years, with many successes and excitement, as well as much dissatisfaction in translating findings into clinical practice. These studies cover broad objectives from carcinogenesis, diagnosis and prognosis to treatment response, and use cell lines, animal models and mostly human tumor tissues. Our focus will be on those conducted in human tumors, with high potential to be translated into improved diagnosis, prognosis and treatment. We summarized the current status of these efforts into three critical words: harvests, hypes and hopes.
Gastrointestinal Helminths of Two Species of Mouse Opossums (Marmosa demerarae and Marmosa murina) from French Guiana

ABSTRACT: The woolly mouse opossum Marmosa demerarae and the murine opossum, Marmosa murina, occur in sympatry across most of their range; however, they are not syntopic in that M. demerarae is more abundant in the canopy of primary and secondary forest, while M. murina is scansorial and appears to be more abundant in lower forest strata. We herein present a survey and comparison of the helminths occurring in these 2 species in French Guiana based on examinations of 18 individuals of M. murina and 21 individuals of M. demerarae. At the level of the component community, species richness was established at 12 for M. demerarae and 14 for M. murina; the nematodes Pterygodermatites (Paucipectines) elegans and Aspidodera raillieti were established as the most abundant and prevalent species in M. demerarae and M. murina, respectively. Infracommunities in both species had an average species richness of 3.7 and 3.8, respectively. Both species share 12 species of parasites, yet Phaneropsolus philanderi, Pterygodermatites (Paucipectines) elegans, Travassostrongylus paraquintus, Trichuris reesali, and Spirura trinitatis were significantly more frequent in M. demerarae. Infections also included Mathevotaenia bivittata, an unidentified anoplocephalid, and Viannaia venezuelensis, all 3 species of which were more frequent in M. murina.
Feynman's Path Integrals and Henstock's Non-Absolute Integration

Abstract R. Feynman formulated quantum mechanics in terms of integrals over spaces of paths (Feynman path integrals). But the absolute value of Feynman's integrand is not integrable. And his integrand does not generate a measure. So Lebesgue integration theory could not be used by Feynman. To establish the equivalence of his theory with the traditional formulation of quantum mechanics, Feynman gave an argument that his path integral satisfies Schrödinger's equation. This paper gives a proof of this part of Feynman's theory. To justify Feynman's and other investigators' use of the language and concepts of integration and probability theory, and to justify taking limits under the integral sign in Feynman's integral, we use R. Henstock's approach to non-absolute integration, which does not require the measure concept, and for which the absolute value of the integrand need not be integrable.
Evolutionary games for multiple accessl control: From Egoism to Altruism

This paper studies multiple access games with a large population of mobiles decomposed into several groups. Mobiles interfere with each others through many local interactions. We assume that each mobile (or player) cooperates with his group by taking into account the performance of his group. The degree of cooperation not only covers the fully non-cooperative behavior and the fully cooperative behavior, but also the fully altruistic behavior. To do so, we make use of the evolutionary game theory which we extend to cover this kind of behavior. We define and characterize the equilibrium (called Evolutionary Stable Strategy) for these games and establish the optimal level of cooperation that maximizes the probability of successful transmission. We also study the game dynamics both in its classical form and in the presence of delay. Interestingly, we show that, in order to maximize the system performance, the mobiles should be less cooperative.
Canine Cutaneous Mast Cell Tumor: Morphologic Grading and Survival Time in 83 Dogs

Eighty-three cutaneous mast cell tumors in the dog were classified morphologically into three grades. The neoplasms were excised surgically, and the dogs were followed for 1500 days. Comparison of morphologic grade of tumor with survival time revealed significant differences among the three groups (p < 0.00010). Comparison of sex and age (above and below ten years) with morphologic grade of tumor revealed no significant differences.
Research of substation ground wire monitoring system based on WLAN

To implement substation ground wire of online monitoring application solutions using integration technology of wireless local area network and embedded systems, share the information of ground wire installed, increase production installed office efficiency, improve the level of substation ground management. To ensure safety in production in a certain role of supervision, has certain economic benefits and social benefits. Secondly, for substation online monitoring of development and application provides a new method for the future, then to lay the foundation of the substation informationization and automation.
Micromechanical and structural properties of a pennate diatom investigated by atomic force microscopy

The mechanisms behind natural nanofabrication of highly structured silicas are increasingly being investigated. We have explored the use of a standard Nanoscope III Multimode atomic force microscope (AFM) to study the silica shell of diatoms. The delicate structures of the shell surface of the diatom Navicula pelliculosa (Bréb.) Hilse were imaged and the shell's micromechanical properties were measured semi‐quantitatively with a resolution down to approximately 10 nm. The technique to measure elasticity and hardness with the AFM was demonstrated to be useable even on these hard glass‐like surfaces. Different experimental configurations and evaluation methods were tested. They gave a consistent result of the shell micromechanical properties. The first results showed that the diatom shell's overall hardness and elasticity was similar to that of known silicas. However, regions with different mechanical properties were distinguished. The elastic modulus varied from 7 to 20 GPa, from 20 to 100 GPa and from 30 to hundreds of GPa depending on the location. In general, the hardness measurements showed similar spatial differences. The hardness values ranged from 1 to 12 GPa but one specific part of the shell was even harder. Hence, certain localized regions of the shell were significantly harder or more elastic. These regions coincide with known characteristic features and mechanisms appearing at the different stages of the shell's growth. These results show that this method serves as a complementary tool in the study of silica biomineralization, and can detect eventual crystalline phases.
İnsan Alveolar Kemiğinde Osseoentegre Olmuş Dental İmplantların Histolojik ve Histomorfometrik Değerlendirilmesi

Tissue response to dental implants in their surrounding bones is usually evaluated using animal models. Thus, the number of studies conducted on human maxillofacial bones is limited. The aim of this study was to histologically and histomorphometrically analysis compulsorily extracted dental implants and surrounding bone retrieved from human alveolar bone after successful osseointegration. Four dental implants were removed from a 44-years old male patient because of psychological reasons after one year loading period. Histologic and histomorphometric analyses were performed on un-decalcified sections prepared from dental implants and surrounding bone tissue. Homogenous presence of newly formed bone and trabecular bone were seen on the roughened surface of all implants. The mean bone-implant contact ratio was determined as 76.1%. Successful osseointegration without inflammatory response was seen for all implants in histological level. Histomorphometric results revealed highly cortical structure of the maxillary alveolar bone of the patient.
3-methylglutaconic aciduria type IV: a syndrome with an evolving phenotype.

We read with interest the article ‘Dysmorpholgy on Barth syndrome’ (Hastings et al., 2009) in this journal. Barth syndrome, also called 3-methylglutaconic aciduria (3-MGAuria) type II, is an X-linked disorder of cardiomyopathy, neutropenia, mild cognitive impairment, and myopathy (MIM 302060). Hastings et al. (2009) added a distinct facial appearance to the diagnostic features of the classic phenotype (Fig. 1a).
Wegener's granulomatosis in India: clinical features, treatment and outcome of twenty-five patients.

OBJECTIVE To report our clinical experience on Wegener's granulomatosis (WG). METHODS A retrospective review of case records of all patients with WG in our Rheumatology Clinic during the period July 1988 to June 2000 was carried out and the details of demography, clinical and laboratory data, treatment and outcome were obtained and analysed. RESULTS Twenty-five patients (16 females and 9 males) were found eligible for inclusion in the study. The mean age and duration of symptoms at presentation were 33.5 years and 5.5 months, respectively. Two patients had limited WG. Twenty-two patients with generalized WG were treated with standard regimen comprising oral prednisolone (1 mg/kg/day) and oral cyclophosphamide (2 mg/kg/day). Cyclophosphamide was continued for at least one year after the patient attained remission. One patient was treated with intravenous cyclophosphamide regimen. The two patients with limited WG were treated with oral prednisolone and methotrexate (10-12.5 mg as a single dose per week). Remission was achieved in 24 patients after a median time of six months. The median follow-up of patients was five years (range 4 months-11 years). Five patients were lost to follow-up. Eight patients suffered a relapse. The mean time for relapse was 34 months after the initial remission. Seven out of eight patients remitted again after reinstitution of the initial induction regimen. One patient died of diffuse pulmonary haemorrhage despite early institution of therapy. CONCLUSION WG is being increasingly diagnosed in India now because of greater awareness and diagnostic aids. Although remissions are easy to achieve, relapses continue to pose a challenge to the treating physician.
The evolution and future of logistics and supply chain management

This article will be divided into three sections: past, present, and future. The past section will trace major events that created business logistics as it is practiced today. In particular, do the events portend the future of business logistics and supply chain management? The present section will attempt to summarize the state of business logistics. How business logistics relates to supply chain management will be addressed. The future section will make some predictions as to the issues that need to be addressed and the events that will likely take place in the near term.
T-cell Intracellular Antigen-1 (TIA-1)-induced Translational Silencing Promotes the Decay of Selected mRNAs*

Gene array analysis revealed that a subset of mRNAs overexpressed in macrophages lacking the destabilizing factor TTP are also overexpressed in macrophages lacking the translational silencer TIA-1. We confirmed that a representative transcript, apobec-1, is significantly stabilized in cells lacking TIA-1. Tethering TIA-1 to a reporter transcript also promotes mRNA decay, suggesting that TIA-1-mediated translational silencing can render mRNA susceptible to the decay machinery. TIA-1-mediated decay is inhibited by small interfering RNAs targeting components of either the 5′-3′ (e.g. DCP2) or the 3′-5′ (e.g. exosome component Rrp46) decay pathways, suggesting that TIA-1 renders mRNA susceptible to both major decay pathways. TIA-1-mediated decay is inhibited by cycloheximide and emetine, drugs that stabilize polysomes, but is unaffected by puromycin, a drug that disassembles polysomes. These results suggest that TIA-1-induced polysome disassembly is required for enhanced mRNA decay and that TIA-1-induced translational silencing promotes the decay of selected mRNAs.
Modèle de Recherche d'Information Sociale Centré Utilisateur

L'emergence des reseaux sociaux a revolutionne leWeb en permettant notamment aux individus de prolonger leur connexion virtuelle en une relation plus reelle et de partager leurs connaissances. Ce nouveau contexte de diffusion de l'information sur le Web peut constituer un moyen efficace pour cerner les besoins en information des utilisateurs du Web, et permettre a la recherche d'information (RI) de mieux repondre a ces besoins en adaptant les modeles d'indexation et d'interrogation. L'exploitation des reseaux sociaux confronte la RI a plusieurs defis dont les plus importants concernent la representation de l'information dans ce modele social de RI et son evaluation, en l'absence de collections de test et de competitions dediees. Dans cet article, nous presentons un modele de RI sociale dans lequel nous proposons de modeliser et d'exploiter le contexte social de l'utilisateur. Nous avons evalue notre modele a l'aide d'une collection de test de RI sociale construite a partir des annotations du reseau social de bookmarking collaboratif Delicious.
Design and realization of an L-band helical antenna

In this paper design and realization of an L-band helical antenna is presented. This paper describes how to produce a helical antenna for frequencies around 1.8 GHz and presents some characteristics of the antenna found experimentally. Design parameters have been calculated by using standard formulation. For maximizing performance of the helical antenna, attention was focused on such important parameters as the beamwidth, the gain, the impedance and the axial ratio