Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Multi-objective route search for electric vehicles using ant colony optimization

In this paper, a temporal multi-objective ant colony optimization (ACO) algorithm is proposed to generate the routing plan for electric vehicles to fulfill the various requirements of drivers under a time-dependent stochastic traffic environment. The algorithm optimizes the route length, traveling time, energy, battery recycling lifetime and cabin temperature integrally, and meets constraints on arrival time and state of charge limitation. Simulation experiments are conducted and three different evaluation indexes are adopted. The performance of the algorithm is compared with two other multi-objective ACO methods. The proposed algorithm is proven to process higher convergence performance, and the solutions are also widely distributed, which suggests the effectiveness of this newly presented algorithm.
Wrapper design of embedded cores for three dimensional system-on-chips (SoC) using available TSVs

Core based three-dimensional(3D) integrated circuits (ICs) design is an emerging field of semiconductor industry that promises greater number of devices on chip, increased performance and reduced power consumption. But due to scaling in technology features these chips are more complex and hence testing of these 3D ICs is a challenging task. This paper follows a P1500-style wrapper design for 3D ICs using through silicon vias (TSVs) for testing purpose. It is assumed that the core elements are distributed over several layers of the ICs. As the number of available TSVs are limited due to small chip area, this work is intended to design balanced wrapper chains using available TSVs. In this work we have proposed a polynomial time algorithm of O(N) to design the test wrapper. The results are presented based on the ITC'02 SOC test benchmarks and compared with prior work. Obtained results show that our algorithm provides better utilization of TSVs compared to the work presented in [1].
Understanding the Mechanism of Thermotolerance Distinct From Heat Shock Response Through Proteomic Analysis of Industrial Strains of Saccharomyces cerevisiae*

Saccharomyces cerevisiae has been intensively studied in responses to different environmental stresses such as heat shock through global omic analysis. However, the S. cerevisiae industrial strains with superior thermotolerance have not been explored in any proteomic studies for elucidating the tolerance mechanism. Recently a new diploid strain was obtained through evolutionary engineering of a parental industrial strain, and it exhibited even higher resistance to prolonged thermal stress. Herein, we performed iTRAQ-based quantitative proteomic analysis on both the parental and evolved industrial strains to further understand the mechanism of thermotolerant adaptation. Out of ∼2600 quantifiable proteins from biological quadruplicates, 193 and 204 proteins were differentially regulated in the parental and evolved strains respectively during heat-stressed growth. The proteomic response of the industrial strains cultivated under prolonged thermal stress turned out to be substantially different from that of the laboratory strain exposed to sudden heat shock. Further analysis of transcription factors underlying the proteomic perturbation also indicated the distinct regulatory mechanism of thermotolerance. Finally, a cochaperone Mdj1 and a metabolic enzyme Adh1 were selected to investigate their roles in mediating heat-stressed growth and ethanol production of yeasts. Our proteomic characterization of the industrial strain led to comprehensive understanding of the molecular basis of thermotolerance, which would facilitate future improvement in the industrially important trait of S. cerevisiae by rational engineering.
Duration of Deep Inspiration and Subsequent Airway Constriction In Vivo

The effects of a deep inspiration (DI) in asthmatics differ from those observed in healthy subjects. When considering the effects of a DI, an implicit assumption is that all the airways are distending at the same rate as the lung parenchyma. However, with such rapid lung inflation, the ability of contracted airways to dynamically follow the lung parenchyma was recently shown to significantly lag the lung inflation. Another potentially important variable in the response of the individual airways to a DI that has not been well studied is the duration of the DI maneuver. The current study examines the effects of increasing duration at TLC during a DI on subsequent airway caliber. In five anesthetized and ventilated mongrel dogs, after DIs of increasing duration, changes in airway size were measured over the subsequent 5-minute period using high-resolution computed tomography. Results show that the duration of the maneuver is extremely important, leading to a qualitative change in the airway response. A long DI (≥30 seconds) caused subsequent airway dilation, while a shorter DI (<30 seconds) caused bronchoconstriction. The precise mechanism underlying these observations is uncertain but seems to be related to intrinsic properties within the contracted airway smooth muscle.
Hamstrings‐to‐quadriceps strength and size ratios of male professional soccer players with muscle imbalance

The aim of this study was to determine the correlation between the concentric hamstrings/quadriceps muscle strength (Hcon:Qcon) and cross‐sectional area ratios (Hcsa:Qcsa) in professional soccer players with Hcon:Qcon imbalance. Nine male professional soccer players (25·3 ± 4·1 years) performed five maximal concentric contractions of the knee extensors (KE) and flexors (KF) at 60 s−1 to assess Hcon:Qcon. The test was performed using the dominant (preferred kicking), and non‐dominant limb with a 5‐min recovery period was allowed between them. Only players with Hcon:Qcon < 0·60 (range: 0·45–0·59) in both limbs were included in this study. The muscle cross‐sectional area (CSA) of KE and KF was determined by magnetic resonance imaging. The correlations between Hcon:Qcon and Hcsa:Qcsa in the dominant leg (r = −0·33), non‐dominant leg (r = 0·19) and in the both legs combined (r = 0·28) were not statistically significant (P>0·05). Thus, the Hcon:Qcon seems not to be determined by Hcsa:Qcsa in professional soccer players with Hcon:Qcon imbalance.
Amino acid and glucose metabolism in fed‐batch CHO cell culture affects antibody production and glycosylation

Fed‐batch Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cell culture is the most commonly used process for IgG production in the biopharmaceutical industry. Amino acid and glucose consumption, cell growth, metabolism, antibody titer, and N‐glycosylation patterns are always the major concerns during upstream process optimization, especially media optimization. Gaining knowledge on their interrelations could provide insight for obtaining higher immunoglobulin G (IgG) titer and better controlling glycosylation‐related product quality. In this work, different fed‐batch processes with two chemically defined proprietary media and feeds were studied using two IgG‐producing cell lines. Our results indicate that the balance of glucose and amino acid concentration in the culture is important for cell growth, IgG titer and N‐glycosylation. Accordingly, the ideal fate of glucose and amino acids in the culture could be mainly towards energy and recombinant product, respectively. Accumulation of by‐products such as NH4+ and lactate as a consequence of unbalanced nutrient supply to cell activities inhibits cell growth. The levels of Leu and Arg in the culture, which relate to cell growth and IgG productivity, need to be well controlled. Amino acids with the highest consumption rates correlate with the most abundant amino acids present in the produced IgG, and thus require sufficient availability during culture. Case‐by‐case analysis is necessary for understanding the effect of media and process optimization on glycosylation. We found that in certain cases the presence of Man5 glycan can be linked to limitation of UDP‐GlcNAc biosynthesis as a result of insufficient extracellular Gln. However, under different culture conditions, high Man5 levels can also result from low α‐1,3‐mannosyl‐glycoprotein 2‐β‐N‐acetylglucosaminyltransferase (GnTI) and UDP‐GlcNAc transporter activities, which may be attributed to high level of NH4+ in the cell culture. Furthermore, galactosylation of the mAb Fc glycans was found to be limited by UDP‐Gal biosynthesis, which was observed to be both cell line and cultivation condition‐dependent. Extracellular glucose and glutamine concentrations and uptake rates were positively correlated with intracellular UDP‐Gal availability. All these findings are important for optimization of fed‐batch culture for improving IgG production and directing glycosylation quality. Biotechnol. Bioeng. 2015;112: 521–535. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Display and detail enhancement for high-dynamic-range infrared images

Dynamic range reduction and detail enhancement are two important issues for effectively displaying high-dynamic-range images acquired by thermal camera systems. They must be performed in such a way that the high dynamic range image signal output from sensors is compressed in a pleasing manner for display on lower dynamic range monitors without reducing the perceptibility of small details. In this paper, a new method of display and detail enhancement for high dynamic range infrared images is presented. This method effectively maps the raw acquired infrared image to 8-bit domain based on the same architecture of bilateral filter and dynamic range partitioning approach. It includes three main steps: First, a bilateral filter is applied to separate the input image into the base component and detail component. Second, refine the base and detail layer using an adaptive Gaussian filter to avoid unwanted artifacts. Then the base layer is projected to the display range and the detail layer is enhanced using an adaptive gain control approach. Finally, the two parts are recombined and quantized to 8-bit domain. The strength of the proposed method lies in its ability to avoid unwanted artifacts and adaptability in different scenarios. Its great performance is validated by the experimental results tested with two real infrared imagers.
EVALUATION OF FAMILY BUSINESS MARKETING ACTIVITIES

Last year’s contribution titled Czech family business brand as a tradition bearer was focused on the importance of a brand, which, in case of family business, is presented primarily by a founder’s name and surname. It has been stated that family business brands or brands of their products often have a higher value than the rest of the whole company. The acquired knowledge has led the authors to set an additional scientific goal - to evaluate marketing activities of family businesses, to evaluate, among others, whether they are ready or whether they use digital communication channels and online media to promote their brand, the products or services offered. The contribution is based on general scientific methods, especially the method of compilation of specialized texts, primary quantitative research, deduction and generalization. The results of this study confirmed the assumption that smaller family business owners prefer intuitive marketing tools. In the field of creating and implementing a marketing strategy using modern communication tools, there are considerable reserves that, in particular, in case of family businesses with fewer employees, the marketing practice is far from the level required by introduction of new technologies.
Toward a definition and understanding of correlation for variables constrained by random relations

Random relations are random sets defined on a two-dimensional space (or higher). After defining the correlation for two variables constrained by a random relation as an interval, the effect of imprecision was studied by using a multi-valued mapping, whose domain is a space of joint random variables. This perspective led to the notions of consistent and non-consistent marginals, which parallel those of epistemic independence, and unknown interaction and epistemic independence for random sets, respectively. The calculation of the correlation bounds entails solving two optimisation problems that are NP-hard. When the entire random relation is available, it is shown that the hypothesis of non-consistent marginals leads to correlation bounds that are much larger (four orders of magnitude in some cases) than those obtained under the hypothesis of consistent marginals; this hierarchy parallels the hierarchy between probability bounds for unknown interaction and strong independence, respectively. Solutions of the optimisation problems were found at the extremes of their feasible intervals in 80–100% of the cases when non-consistent marginals were assumed, but this range became 75–84% when consistent marginals were assumed. When only the marginals are available, there is a complete loss of knowledge in the correlation, and the correlation interval is nearly vacuous or vacuous (i.e. [ − 1,1]) even if the measurements are sufficiently accurate in which their narrowed intervals do not overlap. Solutions to the optimisation problems were found at the extremes of their feasible intervals 50% or less of the times.
Molecular mechanism of sustained inflation in acute respiratory distress syndrome

BACKGROUND The aim of this study was to investigate the effect and the potential molecular mechanism of sustained inflation (SI) recruitment maneuvers in acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) in beagle dog following endotracheal suctioning. METHODS ARDS was induced in 24 beagle dogs with oleic acid. They had mechanical ventilation support. They were randomized into four groups after the establishment of the ARDS model: non-SI–open group where no SI was applied in beagle dogs with ARDS following open endotracheal suctioning; non-SI–closed group where no SI was applied in beagle dogs with ARDS following closed endotracheal suctioning; SI-open group where SI was applied in beagle dogs with ARDS following open endotracheal suctioning; and SI-closed group where SI was applied in beagle dogs with ARDS following closed endotracheal suctioning. Oxygenation, indexes of respiratory mechanics, and hemodynamic indexes were serially measured during the procedure. The serum protein level, or the messenger RNA in the heart and lung, of inflammation-related cytokines was investigated. RESULTS SI in ARDS improved oxygenation, lung compliance, and airway resistance but had no significant effect in the hemodynamic indexes. At molecular level, SI in ARDS neutralized the increases of pro-inflammatory cytokines (tumor necrosis factor &agr;, interleukin 1&bgr; [IL-1&bgr;], and IL-6), and anti-inflammatory cytokine (IL-10) in the serum. Furthermore, SI in ARDS increased aquaporin 1 and aquaporin 5 messenger RNA in the lung tissue, and decreased IL-6 messenger RNA in the lung and heart tissue. CONCLUSION SI in ARDS could improve oxygenation, lung compliance, and airway resistance, which was related to the improved degree of inflammation and better maintained aquaporins.
BUILDING MARKETING PERFORMANCE THROUGH COMPETITOR ORIENTATION (Empirical Study on Baitul Maal wat Tamwil at Ex-Residency of Semarang)

This research specifically examines the effect of competitor orientation on marketing performance through service value co-creation quality, service innovation capability and service value proposition. The object of this research is Baitul Maal wat Tamwil (BMT) in ex-Residency Semarang, Central Java, Indonesia. This research is analyzed with Structural Equation Model (SEM) using AMOS software. Based on the result of the research, it can be concluded that competitor orientation positively and significantly can affect the service value co-creation quality and service innovation capability owned by BMT. Service value co-creation quality positively and significantly can affect the service innovation capability and marketing performance of BMT. Service innovation capability positively and significantly influences the service value proposition and service value proposition positively and significantly can influence BMT’s marketing performance.
Gait Optimization of a Rolling Knee Biped at Low Walking Speeds

This paper addresses an optimization problem of trajectories for a biped robot with a new modelled structure of knees which is called rolling knee (RK). The first part of article is to present the new kinematic knee on a biped robot and the different models used to know the dynamic of the robot during a walking step. The gait is cyclic and simplified by a Single Support Phase (SSP) followed by an impact. The second part is a comparison of the influence of the gait trajectory on the control, using cubic spline functions as well as the Bézierfunctions. The energetic criterion is minimized through optimization while using the simplex algorithm and the Lagrange penalty functions to meet the constraints of stability and deflection of mobile foot. The main result is the using of Bézierfunctions permit to improve the energy gain in slow walking speeds. These trajectories permit to the biped robot to walk progressively without energy disturbance unlike those with cubic spline functions.
Long-term effects of carbon fibre on soft tissues.

Parallel with the development of carbon fibre as an implant material(Jenkinsetal. 1977; Forsteretal. 1978; Jenkins and McKibbin 1980) the present study was set up to investigate any long-term, undesirable side-effects which the continuous presence of this material might produce, especially any evidence of carcinogenic activity. As carbon fibre tends to break up after long-term implantation, and as tissue reactions to the solid and powdered forms of a material may be quite different (Oppenheimer et al. 1958; Wroblewski 1979), the experiments were conducted with the carbon in two distinct physical states. In the first two experiments solid strands of carbon fibres were implanted, but in the third a powder was used.
An Interactive-Technology Health Behavior Promotion Program for Heart Failure Patients: A Pilot Study of Experiences and Needs of Patients and Nurses in the Hospital Setting

Background Heart failure (HF) is a chronic condition, prevalent especially among older people, characterized by acute episodes leading to hospitalization. To promote HF patients’ engagement in physical activity (PA) and adherence to medication, we developed Motivate4Change: a new interactive, information and communication technology (ICT)-based health promotion program for delivery in the hospital. The development of this program was guided by the Intervention Mapping protocol for the planning of health promotion programs. The users of Motivate4Change were defined as hospitalized HF patients and hospital nurses involved in HF patient education. Objective Two aims were addressed. First, to explore the use of interactive technology in the hospital setting and second, to evaluate user needs in order to incorporate them in Motivate4Change. Methods Participant observations at a hospital in the United Kingdom and semistructured interviews were conducted with hospitalized HF patients and HF nurses following their completion of Motivate4Change. Interviews were recorded, transcribed, and analyzed according to a thematic coding approach. Results Seven patients and 3 nurses completed Motivate4Change and were interviewed. Results demonstrated that patient needs included empathic and contextual content, interactive learning, and support from others, including nurses and family members. The nurse needs included integration in current educational practices and finding opportunities for provision of the program. Conclusions The current work provides insight into user needs regarding an interactive-technology health promotion program for implementation in the hospital setting, such as Motivate4Change.
Recherche d'information sémantique dans les documents biomédicaux : approche basée sur le sens précis des concepts

Ce papier aborde le probleme de l'ambiguite des termes dans les documents, en particulier dans le domaine de la biomedecine. Notre objectif est de proposer une methode de desambiguisation des termes ambigus utilises dans la biomedecine et de l'integrer dans un modele d'indexation semantique et de recherche d'information base sur le sens des concepts dans les documents ainsi que de la requete. Nous exploitons l'architecture poly-hierarchique du thesaurus MeSH (Medical Subject Headings) pour desambiguiser les concepts et les indexer avec leur sens le plus adequat associe dans chaque document. L'evaluation des resultats de nos experimentations sur la collection de TREC9-FT 2000 montre une amelioration de la performance par rapport aux modeles d'indexation classiques dans le domaine de la Recherche d'Information.
An analysis of parameter evaluation for recursive-procedures.

Abstract : A class of recursive program schemata (P sub R) is defined abstracting ALGOL-like procedures. Four generic types of parameter evaluation are considered. An abstract model of parameter evaluation is developed and the constituent components of parameter evaluation are isolated. The question of recognizing when two parameter evaluation mechanisms coincide is studied, i.e. when two mechanisms always compute the same result for the same schema. The general problem is not partially decidable for seperable evaluation mechanisms. For free recursive schemata employing the generic mechanisms, the coincidence question is decidable. A discussion of the utility of such analysis and some thoughts on future directions for research are included.
Traumatic brain injury is more widespread than previously estimated

An estimated 54-60 million people worldwide sustain a traumatic brain injury every year, a new study indicates, about six times the previous estimate.1 Between 2.2 million and 3.6 million of the injuries are moderate to severe. Traumatic brain injury is the leading cause of long term disability among children and young adults and cost an estimated $406bn (£250bn; €315bn) in the United States in 2000. It is projected to become the third largest cause of disease burden worldwide by 2020. Earlier projections focused on acute injury where medical attention …
High-strength silk protein scaffolds for bone repair

Biomaterials for bone tissue regeneration represent a major focus of orthopedic research. However, only a handful of polymeric biomaterials are utilized today because of their failure to address critical issues like compressive strength for load-bearing bone grafts. In this study development of a high compressive strength (~13 MPa hydrated state) polymeric bone composite materials is reported, based on silk protein-protein interfacial bonding. Micron-sized silk fibers (10–600 µm) obtained utilizing alkali hydrolysis were used as reinforcement in a compact fiber composite with tunable compressive strength, surface roughness, and porosity based on the fiber length included. A combination of surface roughness, porosity, and scaffold stiffness favored human bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cell differentiation toward bone-like tissue in vitro based on biochemical and gene expression for bone markers. Further, minimal in vivo immunomodulatory responses suggested compatibility of the fabricated silk-fiber-reinforced composite matrices for bone engineering applications.