Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Psychophysiological responses to disgust: Cardiovascular and facial muscle patterns associated with different functional domains

of a dissertation at the University of Miami. Dissertation supervised by Professor Debra Lieberman No. of pages in text. (63) This study examined the distinguishing physiological characteristics of the disgust reaction across different domains. According to an evolutionary analysis, disgust is a heterogeneous emotion with features that are specific to three distinct domains: pathogens, sex, and morality. Each domain is predicted to take as input information specific to the adaptive problem it evolved to solve and regulate behavior accordingly. The goal of the present study was to investigate whether there are any adaptive physiological differences associated with the disgust response across domains. Participants were asked to imagine acts that elicit pathogen, sexual, and moral disgust. It was hypothesized that there would be both quantitative and qualitative differences in the physiological reactions based on the appropriate functional outputs for the social (moral and sexual) and nonsocial (pathogen) domains. Individual differences in self-report ratings of disgust as well as the role of religiosity in regulating social disgust were also explored. Results showed significant differences in parasympathetic influences on the heart in response to the sexual stimuli but not to the other domains. Also, the self-report ratings showed that females were more sensitive than males to the sexual stimuli but not to pathogens or moral acts. These results lend further support to the dissociation between the functional domains of disgust. Correlations between levels of religiosity and both subjective ratings of fear towards pathogens and levator labii activation when viewing pathogen stimuli were found. This study provides preliminary evidence of dissociations between different domains of disgust and provides a methodological guideline which can help inform future studies of disgust. Implications of the current findings are discussed, as well as limitations of the current methodology and avenues for further exploration.
Determining the influence of different levels of urea supplementation when beef cows grazing winter pasture are supplemented at different frequencies during the prepartum period

One hundred sixty spring-calving Hereford × Angus cows grazing lowquality, tallgrass-prairie range during the winter of 2000-2001 were supplemented before calving either daily or three times weekly. The supplement contained 40% CP with 0, 15, 30, or 45% of the supplemental degradable intake protein from urea. Supplement was fed at 4 lbs/head daily to cows receiving supplement daily. Cows receiving supplement three times weekly were fed the same amount of weekly supplement, but split equally among their supplementation events. After calving, all cows received a supplement without urea on a daily basis. In general, prepartum supplements that contained more urea prompted greater body weight loss; however, the effect of increasing urea was most noticeable when supplements were fed only three times weekly. When averaged across supplementation frequencies, increasing the level of supplemental urea tended (P=0.15) to decrease pregnancy rate in beef cows that had received urea supplementation before calving.
Response of dry season garden egg ( Solanium melongena ) to watering regime and organic mulching levels in Okigwe , Southeastern Nigeria

Rain fed garden egg cultivation is dominant in the farming systems of Okigwe southeastern Nigeria. Farmers seldom cultivate garden egg during dry season in the study area due to low soil moisture. This study was therefore designed to determine the level of water requirement and mulching level that could guarantee off season cultivation of garden egg in Okigwe. The dry season field experiment was laid out in a randomized block design, replicated three times in 7 × 4 factorial combinations. The factor A treatments was watering regimes (0, 500, 1000, 1500, 2000, 2500 and 3000 L/ha) while the factor B was four organic (sawdust) mulching levels (0, 5, 10 and 15 t/ha). Data collected were subjected to analysis of variance. Results showed significant differences (P<0.05) in all the weed infestation, growth and yield parameters. The result also showed increase in mulching levels with significant reduction in weed density and biomass. The application of 1500 L/ha produced 19.13 and 18.93 t/ha fruits respectively. The least fruit yield 9.56 and 9.11 t/ha respectively, was from the control (no irrigation) treatment. The application of 3000 L/ha of irrigation water produced 1-53% and 2-56% more fruit yield than other irrigation water levels in 2013 and 2014 cropping seasons, respectively. The result also indicated significant fruit yield of 22.05 and 22.62 t/ha from application of 15 t/ha sawdust while the least fruit yield; 9.80 and 9.29 t/ha, respectively was from control (no mulching) treatment. The interaction effect between irrigation water and mulching levels on fruit yield varied significantly different in both cropping seasons. The highest fruit yield, 25.86 and 26.80 t/ha, in both cropping seasons were observed between 3000 L/ha and 15t/ha sawdust while the least, 5.16 and 3.75 t/ha, was obtained from the interaction of no irrigation water and no mulching. The 1500 L/ha irrigation water and 10t/ha organic mulching (sawdust) were recommended for off season cultivation of garden egg in Okigwe southeastern Nigeria. Keyword: Irrigation water, mulching, garden egg, growth, yield.
FATORES PREDISPONENTES PARA CISTOS OVARIANOS EM VACAS DA RAÇA HOLANDESA (FACTORS PREDISPOSING FOR OVARIAN CYSTS IN HOLSTEIN COWS) (FACTORES PREDISPONENTES PARA QUISTES OVÁRICOS EN VACAS HOLSTEIN)

SUMMARY The aim of this study was to evaluate factors associated with the occurrence of ovarian cysts in Holstein cows, in herds located in the South of Minas Gerais State, Brazil. Data analysed refer to 1524 gynecological examinations performed by retal and/or ultrassonography within a period of two years. The occurrence of ovarian cysts with diameter greater than 15mm was 11.02%. The main clinical signs observed in cows that presented ovarian cysts were: anestrus (72.62%), nymphomania (16.07%) and masculinization (6.54%). Anestrus was the main clinical sign observed (P<0.05). Among cows of different parturition order, the occurence was higher (P<0.05) after the 6 th parturition (15.46% vs 6.13% for cows in the 1 st and 2 nd parturition and 10.41% for cows from the 3 th to the 5 th parturition). The occurrence of cysts was higher (P<0.05) before 90 days postpartum and in the hottest periods of the year, being of 14.56% from October to March and dropping to 8.27% from April to September. This study demonstrates that ovarian cysts are a comon pathology among dairy cows. Non especific signs, such as anestrus, are the most frequent in these cases. Older cows are more susceptible to the problem. Environmental conditions promote an estacional variation in the occurrence of this pathology, in the breed and conditions studied.
Purification and Crystal Growth of the Bismuth (III) Iodide-influence of Trace Impurities on the Crystal Quality

This work describes the experimental procedure of purification and preparation of BiI 3 crystals by Repeated Vertical Bridgman technique, aiming a future application of this semiconductor crystal as a room temperature radiation detector. The BiI 3 powder used as raw material was purified three times and, at each purification, the crystal was evaluated by systematic measurements of the reduction of the impurities, crystalline structure, stoichiometry and surface morphology. The reduction of the trace metal impurities in the BiI 3 , at each purification, was analyzed by Instrumental Neutron Activation Analysis (INAA), in order to evaluate the efficiency of the purification technique established in this work. It was demonstrated that the Repeated Bridgman technique is effective to reduce the concentration of many impurities in BiI 3 , such as Ag, As, Br, Cr, K, Mo, Na and Sb. The crystalline structure of the BiI 3 crystal purified twice and three times was similar to BiI 3 pattern. However, for BiI 3 powder and purified once, an intensity contribution of the BiOI was observed in the diffractograms. Improvement in the stoichiometric ratio was observed at each purification step, as well as the crystal surface morphology.
Simplified tube form factor for analysis of small-angle scattering data from carbon nanotube filled systems

This work presents an analysis method for small-angle scattering data utilizing a simplified tube (hollow cylinder) form factor. The simplified form factor captures the rod-like character of a tube at long length scales (one-dimensional), the sheet-like character of the tube wall at intermediate length scales (two-dimensional), and the surface characteristics of a tube at small length scales while suppressing the deep minima seen in the exact form factor. Ultra-small-angle X-ray scattering data from composites made with multi-walled carbon nanotubes and a bismaleimide resin are analyzed using the simplified form factor and compared with scanning electron micrographs. Although a hollow core is not evident via microscopy, a solid rod form factor does not fit the data. However, a tube form factor does fit the data and generates reasonable geometric parameters. At higher concentrations, evidence for aggregation is seen in the data. Aggregation is accommodated by including a fractal structure factor within the simplified approach, allowing facile analysis of data from aggregated (poorly dispersed) fillers.
Upgrades of the CERN PS Booster Ejection Lines

The PS Booster extraction energy will be augmented from 1.4 to 2 GeV to reduce intensity limits due to space charge at the PS proton injection. For this upgrade the transfer line between PS Booster and PS will be modified for 2 GeV operation and pulse to pulse optics modulation for different beam types. Also the PS Booster measurement line will be upgraded to 2 GeV and shall provide improved optics solutions for emittance measurements while reducing the loss levels recorded during operation. This paper describes the foreseen optics solutions for both transfer lines.
ANAEROBIC LACTATE RESISTANCE OF A CROSS TRIATHLETE'S BODY

Monitoring of athletes and assessment of their current performance capacity is an integral part of the training as well as the whole training process. It requires an individual approach of the coach and the athletes who should know their assets as well as their limits. Testing provides us with the opportunity to assess the current state of an athlete's body and their resistance to the load. These findings subsequently represent the basis for the evaluation of the training effect of the load, for adaptation of the training units and setting further course of the training process (Cillik & Tataruch, 2013). In our study, we discuss the resistance of a cross triathlete’s body to the load. We used a lactate test – 4x2 km with gradually increasing load. All the tests were performed in laboratory conditions at Matej Bel University in Banská Bystrica. We were able to identify the triathlete’s individual thresholds (aerobic threshold = AeT, anaerobic threshold = AT) by using the lactate test outcomes as a base. Our findings were subsequently correlated with the selected parameters from the training logs. The main research method was the regression and correlation analysis of the time series. The results obtained by mathematical statistics were subjected to the substantive analysis. The results and findings show that it is necessary to adjust the ATC and to time the increase of the AT towards the peak of the season. Training zones of various sports had different impact on the changes in the AT curve with different time lags as well as various levels of statistical significance (see the results). The most significant positive correlations of volume indicators and speed changes in the AT appeared during the second time lag. In addition to the cycling discipline, positive correlation of volume indicators appears also five months before the ascent of the AT curve. On the contrary, negative impact of the volume indicators appeared with the lag of one mesocycle. European Scientific Journal March 2014 edition vol.10, No.9 ISSN: 1857 – 7881 (Print) e ISSN 18577431 79
Limiar ventilatório e variabilidade da freqüência cardíaca em adolescentes

As analises da concentracao sanguinea de lactato e das trocas gasosas respiratorias sao metodos tradicionalmente empregados para identificar a transicao de producao de energia pelo metabolismo muscular. No entanto, mais recentemente, vem sendo sugerido metodo alternativo mediante analise da variabilidade da frequencia cardiaca. Pretendeu-se, com o presente estudo, estabelecer comparacoes entre o limiar de variabilidade da frequencia cardiaca (LiVFC) e o primeiro limiar ventilatorio (LV1), em uma amostra de adolescentes. Para tanto, foram submetidos a teste de esforco fisico de carga maxima em esteira ergometrica 41 sujeitos (22 rapazes e 19 mocas) com idades entre 15 e 18 anos. O LV1 foi identificado mediante o equivalente ventilatorio de oxigenio envolvendo recursos de ergoespirometria. A variabilidade da frequencia cardiaca foi analisada por intermedio dos intervalos R-R, atraves da plotagem de Poincare, que oferece informacoes quanto ao desvio-padrao da variabilidade instantânea batimento-a-batimento (SD1), ao desvio-padrao a longo prazo de intervalos R-R continuos (SD2) e a razao SD1/SD2. O LiVFC foi identificado pelo SD1 de acordo com tres criterios: (1) diferencas entre o SD1 de dois estagios consecutivos menor que 1ms; (2) SD1 menor que 3ms; e (3) ocorrencia de ambos os criterios em conjunto. Mediante analise dos resultados verificou-se que os intervalos R-R e SD2 diminuiram progressivamente a cada intervalo de 10% do VO2pico ate o final do teste de esforco fisico (0,05 < p < 0,01). O SD1 diminuiu significativamente desde 20% ate 50% do VO2pico. A partir de 60% ate o VO2pico o SD1 nao apresentou diferencas significativas. A razao SD1/SD2 aumentou a partir de 60%. O LV1 ocorreu a 54,4 ± 8,8% do VO2pico enquanto o LiVFC, a 52,4 ± 12,5%, 57,0 ± 14,1% e 57,8 ± 13,8% do VO2 pico, para os criterios 1, 2 e 3, respectivamente. Nao foram observadas diferencas estatisticas entre o LV1 e os tres criterios utilizados para identificacao do LiVFC. Observaram-se coeficientes de correlacao momento-produto significativos entre o LiVFC identificado mediante os tres criterios considerados e o LV1, quando foram utilizados os valores absolutos de VO2. Porem, nao foram encontradas correlacoes estatisticas significativas entre o LiVFC e a identificacao do LV1 expresso em proporcao do VO2pico. Em assim sendo, concluiu-se que parece ser precipitado tentar empregar o LiVFC como metodo alternativo na identificacao do LV1 de adolescentes.
Elite Recruitment and Political Stability: The Impact of the Abolition of China's Civil Service Exam

This paper studies how the abolition of an elite recruitment system—China's civil exam system that lasted over 1,300 years—affects political stability. Employing a panel data set across 262 prefectures and exploring the variations in the quotas on the entry-level exam candidates, we find that higher quotas per capita were associated with a higher probability of revolution participation after the abolition and a higher incidence of uprisings in 1911 that marked the end of the 2,000 years of imperial rule. This finding is robust to various checks including using the number of small rivers and short-run exam performance before the quota system as instruments. The patterns in the data appear most consistent with the interpretation that in regions with higher quotas per capita under the exam system, more would-be elites were negatively affected by the abolition. In addition, we document that modern human capital in the form of those studying in Japan also contributed to the revolution and that social capital strengthened the effect of quotas on revolution participation.
Planning for mining regions: building local government’s capacity in a multi-stakeholder collaboration scenario

In recent years there has been increasing emphasis across the world on decentralisation of planning processes. The old form of regulatory planning by the state agencies is being replaced by more inclusionary practices through co-option of the non-state actors in the civil society and the market in the decision making process. Such inclusionary processes are considered particularly vital under the rubrics of sustainable livelihood approach, adapted by the international funding agencies, to ensure that developmental outcomes meet the needs of the local communities in developing countries. However, emergence of bottom-up planning does not lead to erosion in the role of the state agencies in the planning process. Rather, newer demands are being placed on the state agencies, in coordinating and balancing competing claims between multiple stakeholders. However,, the role of the planning government agencies in mitigating the conflicting demands of the global economy and local livelihood, are under investigated – particularly in the context of the natural resource rich regions in the developing countries.
Masters Thesis: Repetitive Control for Floating Offshore Vertical Axis Wind Turbine

The growing importance of renewable energy to meet the demands of growing population has driven much focus for research in the wind energy sector. Currently most of the power production in the wind energy sector is done using the Horizontal Axis Wind Turbine (HAWT) due to its higher e ciency and reliability as compared to Vertical Axis Wind Turbine (VAWT). However, due to limitations of HAWTs such as the complex yaw mechanism, higher positioning of the center of mass and relatively di cult up-scaling, VAWTs are receiving more attention. Attempt to access high range of power from VAWTs at o shore locations may damage the turbine blades due to increased loads. This thesis is dedicated to reduce the periodic disturbances on the turbine blades of VAWTs without a ecting the total power production in a rotation, thereby ensuring the reliability and safe operation of VAWTs. A control technique called Subspace Predictive Repetitive Control (SPRC) is used for the recursive identi cation to estimate the parameters of wind turbine model and further providing an optimal control law accordingly. Basis functions have been used to reduce the dimensionality of the system, following which the system identi cation has been performed in the lifted domain. Using the identi ed model, two types of control approaches have been applied. In the rst approach, the objective function is to track a speci c reference that indicates blade load. This reference ensures a reduction in peak loads of the VAWTs by transferring the loads from their upstream to their downstream part, without comprising on the power production in one whole rotation of VAWT. In the second approach, a general control strategy is used in which the controller is given freedom to choose the pitch trajectory so as to reduce the blade loads. The controller is speci ed with a power reference that ensures the maintenance of total power. This strategy allows the turbine to be operated in di erent wind conditions, as a higher weighting is assigned to power Masters Thesis Vimanyu Kumar
Ego vehicle localisation using LIDAR and compressed digital maps

Many people are wounded and die every year due to traffic related accidents. There has also been a huge increase in interest and development in autonomous and advanced driver-assisted systems(ADAS) in the last decade. These techniques have the definite potential of reducing the suffering from accidents by preventing them in the first place. An important aspect for ADAS and autonomous driving is the ability to determine a vehicles position as precisely as possible, while also doing it in real-time. This project attempts to tackle ego-vehicle localisation by utilising a new type of highly compressed digital map layer called RoadDNA, which is designed for speed and performance. An importent component is also a roof-mounted rotating Velodyne LIDAR. To accomplish the project objective, a localisation algorithm is created which centres around a particle filter. A coordinated turn model is used for motion prediction, the measurement update uses a "nearest neighbour" approach where LIDAR point clouds are correlated with the digital map. The position is estimated from the filter with an MMSE method. The algorithm is evaluated on pre-recorded data of vehicles driving around the DriveMe test track in Gothenburg, Sweden. With a standard deviation on the lateral error at ∼ 0.37m and a standard deviation of longitudinal error at ∼ 1.3m, from the longest continuous test (4.7km). The project is concluded to be a success. For future works this localization algorithm can be combined with other localisation method based on different set of sensors.
Effects of Nitrogen in Soybean Seed Quality Definition During Seed-Filling Period

During the seed filling period (SFP), parallel to the seed changes, translocation of assimilates and nutrients takes place from different plant organs to the seed in order to provide sufficient supply for the seed storage components (i.e., starch, oil, and protein) that ultimately will determine the seed quality. There are two processes that define the final seed weight in any crop: 1) the amount of dry mass deposited per unit of time (rate) and 2) the duration of this process from beginning of seed formation to physiological maturity. As seed number is defined, any source limitation during the SFP can affect the final weight and quality of the seeds. This study aims to investigate if nitrogen (N) is limiting potential seed weight and, in consequence, final seed yield as well as the characterization of the deposition of seed components (i.e., oil and protein) that define soybean seed quality among different N conditions and genotypic background.
Estimation of the inductive current transformer derating for operation with distorted currents

The aim of the paper is to present a new method for estimation of the CT (Current Transformer) rated primary current and / or load of the secondary winding derating levels for transformation of distorted current in relation to the rated values fixed for transformation of sinusoidal current. This ensures the values of the CT composite errors/transformer correction factors as resulting from its IEC 60044-1/IEEE C57.13 accuracy class in condition of distorted currents transformation.
Quality-by-design approach to selective stability indicating RP- HPLC method development and validation for estimation of Sofosbuvir in bulk drug

By utilizing Quality by design approach a simple, robust and selective Reverse phase liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC) method was developed for the estimation of Sofosbuvir in API. Sofosbuvir is a nucleotide Hepatitis C Virus (HCV) NS5B polymerase inhibitor that has antiviral activity. Analyte target profile of Sofosbuvir was constructed and CAA’s were identified. LC analysis was performed on Agilent LC 1200 equipped with a photodiode array detector (PDA) at 261 nm. Initial method was developed on an Inersil ODS (250 mm x 4.6, 5 micron) 65: 35 Methanol and Water at 261nm witha flow rate of 1 mL/min. The degradation studies of Sofosbuvir were carried out under the stress conditions of hydrolysis (acid, base and neutral), oxidation, photolytic and thermal as per ICH guidelines. The alkali hydrolysis shows more critical impurities which were well resolved from pure drug with the application of DoE. Three method variables were selected and their interaction were studied through central composite design and two method responses like retention time of drug and resolution between degradants and active drug were studied. Based on DoE, the optimized method was developed using 60:40 of Methanol and Water, at pH 4 with a flow rate of 1.2 mL/min which produce satisfactory retention time and resolution. This method has been validated and shown to be linear, accurate, robust, precise and specific. Keywords: Stability indicating assay, RP-HPLC, Sofosbuvir, QbD, Validation