Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Histone H4 Hyperacetylation Precludes Histone H4 Lysine 20 Trimethylation*

Posttranslational modification of histones is a common means of regulating chromatin structure and thus diverse nuclear processes. Using a hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatographic separation method in combination with mass spectrometric analysis, the present study investigated the alterations in histone H4 methylation/acetylation status and the interplay between H4 methylation and acetylation during in vitro differentiation of mouse erythroleukemia cells and how these modifications affect the chromatin structure. Independently of the type of inducer used (dimethyl sulfoxide, hexamethylenebisacetamide, butyrate, and trichostatin A), we observed a strong increase in non- and monoacetylated H4 lysine 20 (H4-Lys20) trimethylation. An increase in H4-Lys20 trimethylation, however, to a clearly lesser extent, was also found when cells accumulated in the stationary phase. Since we show that trimethylated H4-Lys20 is localized to heterochromatin, the increase in H4-Lys20 trimethylation observed indicates an accumulation of chromatin-dense and transcriptionally silent regions during differentiation and during the accumulation of control cells in the stationary phase, respectively. When using the deacetylase inhibitors butyrate or trichostatin A, we found that H4 hyperacetylation prevents H4-Lys20 trimethylation, but not mono- or dimethylation, and that the nonacetylated unmethylated H4-Lys20 is therefore the most suitable substrate for H4-Lys20 trimethylase. Summarizing, histone H4-Lys20 hypotrimethylation correlates with H4 hyperacetylation and H4-Lys20 hypertrimethylation correlates with H4 hypoacetylation. The results provide a model for how transcriptionally active euchromatin might be converted to the compacted, transcriptionally silent heterochromatin.
Age-Related Determinants of Stress-Induced Weight Change in Mice

25-day-old male mice showed a greater incidence of body weight loss and a late peak of plasma corticosterone elevation when exposed to tobacco smoke for 5 successive days, as compared with mice exposed to filtered smoke (gas phase) or air. 50-day-old mice had a greater incidence and magnitude of body weight loss and a late plasma corticosterone peak after 5 days of air exposure, but not with gas phase or nicotine + gas phase. Diencephalic serotonin, while higher among 25-day-old mice, did not differ as a function of the stress of confinement during exposure to the ventillatory stimulus or as a function of the different stimuli. The results suggest that weight loss and the time following stimulation at which plasma corticosterone is maximally elevated may serve as indices of stress and are consistent even when the stressor-susceptibility is age-related.
Current Therapeutic Options for Esophageal Motor Disorders as Defined by the Chicago Classification

With the development of high-resolution manometry and specific metrics to characterize esophageal motility, the Chicago Classification has become the gold standard for the diagnosis of esophageal motor disorders. Major and significant disorders, that is, never observed in healthy subjects, are achalasia, esophagogastric junction outflow obstruction, distal esophageal spasm, absent peristalsis, and hypercontractile (Jackhammer) esophagus. Achalasia subtyping is relevant to predict the response to endoscopic and surgical therapies as several studies suggest that, pneumatic dilation is less effective than Heller myotomy, in type III achalasia. Peroral endoscopic myotomy, initially developed in expert centers, is a promising technique for the treatment of achalasia. The medical therapeutic options for distal esophageal spasm and hypercontractile esophagus are smooth muscle relaxants and pain modulators. Intraesophageal injection of botulinum toxin might be an interesting option for treatment of these disorders but further studies are required to determine the optimal injection protocol and the best candidates based on manometric patterns. The treatment of hypotensive motility disorders is disappointing and relies mainly on dietary and lifestyle changes as no effective esophageal prokinetic is currently available.
Problemas psicológicos en pacientes con cáncer: dificultades de detección y derivación al psicooncólogo

Objetivo: Conocer las caracteristicas de los pacientes con cancer atendidos en la Unidad de Psico Oncologia del Hospital de Basurto, para mejorar la asistencia psicologica. Metodo: Estudio retrospectivo y comparativo de caracteristicas demograficas, medicas, psicologicas y de consulta de 115 pacientes con cancer y con tratamiento psicologico entre 2001 y 2003. Estos pacientes se comparan con 28 familiares, 119 pacientes de psicologia general, y con 120 pacientes con cancer sin tratamiento psicologico. Resultados: Los pacientes con cancer y tratamiento psicologico son mas jovenes; estan en un estadio avanzado de enfermedad, con una disminucion de los tratamientos medicos activos, y peor pronostico; tienen historia familiar de cancer, y antecedentes personales de problemas psicologicos; el 70% recibe diagnostico DSM-IV, mediante entrevista clinica, la mayoria (80%) son trastornos adaptativos, relacionados con el contexto de la enfermedad. Respecto a la consulta con el psicologo los medicos detectan mal los problemas psicologicos, derivan al psicologo con poca precision, cuando los problemas psicologicos estan acentuados o consolidados, y queda poco tiempo para un tratamiento psicologico. Conclusiones: Estos pacientes requieren un trabajo especializado, por sus diferencias con los grupos estudiados, tanto en caracteristicas sociodemograficas como medicas y psicologicas. Se necesita implantar metodos de deteccion precoz de las necesidades y problemas psicologicos de los pacientes con cancer, para derivarlos a la Unidad de Psicooncologia, y posibilitar su evaluacion y el tratamiento del sufrimiento anadido a la enfermedad.
Hospital quality initiative and operating efficiency: Evidence from emerging economy country

Quality has become important issues for every health care service organizations. Most hospitals have strived to achieve quality excellence in order to gain competitive advantage through different strategies. By understanding the current level of efficiency of each hospital, it could determine suitable quality mechanism and provide right amount of resources. The objective of this paper is to demonstrate how to assess the operating efficiency of the hospitals which adopted hospital accreditation (HA) and international standard (ISO) by using Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) method. Data was collected from hospitals under Medical Service Department, Bangkok, Thailand. The results show that four hospitals are efficiently operated. Overall, the average efficiency score of the hospitals are quite high. The average efficiency score for hospitals with hospital accreditation and with ISO equal to 0.9022, 0.8802, respectively. Finally, this DEA approach provides top management a framework to evaluate the operating efficiency of hospitals and insights for appropriate resource allocation.
Reliability Sampling Plans Under Progressive Type-I Interval Censoring Using Cost Functions

This paper gives a reliability sampling plan for progressively type I interval censored life tests when the lifetime follows the exponential distribution. We use the maximum likelihood method to obtain the point estimation of the parameter of failure time distribution. We provide an approach to establish reliability sampling plans which minimize the total cost of life testing under given consumer's and producer's risks. Some numerical studies are investigated to illustrate the proposed approach.
Condensed lignin structures and re‐localization achieved at high severities in autohydrolysis of Eucalyptus globulus wood and their relationship with cellulose accessibility

Eucalyptus globulus wood was subjected to autohydrolysis pretreatment at different severity factors. The pretreated materials were enzymatically saccharified at a substrate load of 10% (w/v) using a cellulase enzyme complex. Around 82–95% of original glucans were retained in the pretreated material, and the enzymatic hydrolysis yields ranged from 58% to 90%. The chemical and structural changes in the pretreated materials were investigated by microscopic (SEM, LSCM) and spectroscopic (2D‐HSQC NMR and FT‐IR) techniques. 2D‐NMR results showed a reduction in the amounts of β‐O‐4 aryl–ether linkages and suggested the presence of newly condensed structures of lignin in the biomass pretreated at the more severe conditions. Furthermore, the microscopic analysis showed that lignin migrates out of the cell wall and re‐deposits in certain regions of the fibers at the more severe conditions to form droplet‐like structures and expose the cellulose surface. These changes improved the glucose yield up to 69%, on dry wood basis. Biotechnol. Bioeng. 2015;112: 1783–1791. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Safety of Topiramate: Adverse Events and Relationships to Dosing

Summary: To date, 1,809 individuals have been exposed to topiramate (TPM), primarily adults with partial‐onset seizures. Of this total, 665 patients have been treated for more than 1 year, 177 for more than 3 years, and 67 for more than 5 years. The profile of treatment‐emergent adverse reactions (TEAEs) observed with TPM at various dosages is based primarily on data from five double‐blind, placebo‐controlled trials in which 360 patients received TPM at target doses of 200–1,000 mg/day. Long‐term safety is assessed on the basis of 1,001 patients treated with TPM in controlled and open trials for up to 5.3 years. Most of the commonly reported TEAEs were related to the central nervous system and were observed with greater frequency at dosages above the 200–600‐mg/day range found to be optimal in dose ranging trials. Nephro‐lithiasis not requiring surgery was seen in 1.5% of patients, and mild, dose‐related weight loss was associated with TPM therapy. No clinically significant treatment‐related abnormalities were observed in clinical laboratory parameters or in neurologic, electrocardiographic, oph‐thalmologic, or audiologic tests.
Imaging Features of Common Non-nodal Neck Masses in Children

Children frequently present with a neck mass and imaging plays an important role in their diagnosis and subsequent management. High-resolution ultrasound is the ideal initial imaging modality of choice as diagnosis can be made in most cases, and cross-sectional imaging such as magnetic resonance imaging and computed tomography serve a supplementary role. This review aims to familiarise paediatricians and radiologists with imaging features of common non-nodal neck masses in children.
Tratamiento del pie varo equino congénito con el método de Ponseti

Background: To assess short term results in the treatment of congenital clubfoot with Ponseti method. Methods: This is a prospective assessment of clubfoot patients treated with the Ponseti method. Twenty-nine feet (19 patients) were treated. Treatment started between day 7 and 36 after birth (mean: 21 days). The Dimeglio System was used for patient classification and analysis. Treatment was performed according to the method described by Ponseti. Mean follow-up after last plaster: 22 months. Results: The average score before treatment was 15.2 (619). At the time of re-classification, 65.5% had excellent results and 27.5% satisfactory. Only one foot presented a severe residual deformity that required soft tissue release. The average amount of plasters was 8.87 (ranging between 6 and 12). Tenotomies were performed on 17 feet (11 patients) (58.6%). The average post-treatment score was 1.43 (0-11). Conclusions: After treatment, excellent or good results were obtained in 96.5% of cases Only one case (3.5%) remained with a severe deformity and required open surgery. The prevailing residual deformity patterns were varus and forefoot adduction (10° average on both). The results achieved are similar to those presented in previous reports.
Excavaciones en Sama (Dpto. Tacna, Perú)

El articulo relata brevemente el redescubrimiento de la poblacion prehispanica de Sama, en el curso medio del rio de igual nombre, en el Sur del Peru. En 1567 Garci Diez de San Miguel nos informa sobre las colonias de los lupaqa, un grupo aimara ubicado en la ribera occidental del lago Titicaca, en algunos valles que conducen a la costa del Pacifico. Estos oasis de los lupaqa existian en los ultimos siglos antes de la Conquista y representaban una conexion de las posibilidades ecologicas de los valles regados y del altiplano. El punto de gravedad de los asentamientos en el valle de Sama estaba situado sobre una terraza fluvial en aquel lugar donde el rio abandona la sierra y entra en una amplia vega. En el momento de su redescubrimiento se presento como una acumulacion de monticulos dispersos y enterrados bajo la arena, cuya excavacion empezo en 1972 y fue continuada en 1975, en una colaboracion de arqueologos alemanes y peruanos. Fueron dos objetos que ante todo llamaron la atencion de los investigadores: un evidente puesto de mando que sobresalia del nivel de la terraza de igual modo como los restos de una iglesia de la epoca colonial temprana, aparte de numerosas agrupaciones de piedras como fundamentos de antiguas habitaciones que aparentemente habian sido construidas de material vegetal. La destruccion y el abandono de Sama sucedieron probablemente en 1O04, como consecuencia de un terremoto que iba unido con una erupcion del volcan Huainaputina y causo el exodo de los habitantes en direccion al Arica actual.
Channel type and salmonid spawning distribution and abundance

Consideration of fundamental channel processes, together with map-based and field investigations, indicates that stream channel type influences salmonid spawning distributions across entire channel networks and salmonid abundance within channel reaches. Our analysis suggests that salmonid spawning patterns in mountain drainage basins of the Pacific Northwest are adapted to, among other things, the timing and depth of channel bed mobility. We hypothesize that because the bed of pool-riffle and plane-bed reaches scours to a variable fraction of the thickness of alluvium, survival to emergence is favored by either burying eggs below the annual scour depth or avoiding egg burial during times of likely bed mobility. Conversely, annual mobility of all available spawning gravel in steeper step-pool and cascade channels favors either adaptations that avoid egg burial during times of likely bed mobility or selection of protected microhabitats. Consistent with these expectations, we find that salmonid spawning distributions track channel slope distributions in several west-slope Pacific Northwest watersheds, implying that spatial differences in channel processes influence community structure in these rainfall-dominated drainage basins. More detailed field surveys confirm that different channel types host differential use by spawning salmonids and reveal finer-scale influences of pool spacing on salmonid abundance.
Contribution of textural information from TerraSAR-X image for forest mapping

This study evaluates the potential of High Resolution Spotlight TerraSAR-X image for forest type discrimination. Emphasis is put on textural analysis accessible with high resolution radar data. Textural attributes are extracted from GLCM matrices, wavelet, and Fourier Transform (i.e. FOTO method). Their contribution for classification is assessed by their performance through the SVM algorithm.
Validation of the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT) in urban community outreach and de-addiction center samples in north India.

OBJECTIVE The Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT) developed by the World Health Organization for screening disorders related to alcohol use has been shown to have robust psychometric properties. This study compared the performance of AUDIT with that of the Short Michigan Alcoholism Screening Test (SMAST) in a region of North India. METHOD A total of 297 consecutive subjects who had used alcohol in the past year were recruited from a de-addiction center (DAC) (n = 97) and a community outreach setting (n = 200) in West Delhi. Using International Classification of Diseases, Tenth Edition (ICD-10) criteria, the relative effectiveness of the AUDIT and the SMAST in identifying alcohol-use-related disorders was assessed and compared. Internal consistency and interscale correlations were evaluated, along with sensitivity, specificity and ROC curve analyses. RESULTS The AUDIT had very high internal reliability (alpha 0.92) in this Indian sample. There was, in general, good correlation between the total and factor scores of the AUDIT and SMAST (ranging from 0.28 to 0.97), which were higher in the community than in the DAC sample. The AUDIT (area under the curve [AUC] = 0.883) and SMAST (AUC = 0.870) were similar in detecting harmful use of alcohol. The AUDIT optimal cutoff score was 16 (sensitivity 85.3, specificity 89.4) for ICD-10 harmful use and 24 (sensitivity 69.4, specificity 87.5) for ICD-10 alcohol dependence. CONCLUSIONS The AUDIT and SMAST seem to be comparable in their ability to screen subjects with alcohol use disorders. The AUDIT score for screening harmful use in the sample appears to be higher than previously reported. The utility of such high cutoff for screening subjects for intervention is obvious, but it is quite likely that some positive cases might be missed.
Automated method for quantifying fluorophore colocalization in fluorescence double-labeling experiments.

Fluorescence double-labeling is an important method for investigating associations of molecules (1). For example, evidence of co-association of proteins often includes demonstrating that they are colocalized in the same compartment of the cell. Furthermore, colocalization studies are not limited to proteins but also include measuring the colocalization of separate lipid species (8), lipids with proteins (9), and nucleic acids (4,5). Thus, double-labeling experiments are performed to address a broad range of questions. Quantification of fluorophore colocalization is an important feature of double-labeling experiments, and methods for accomplishing this have been described (12). One important method for quantifying fluorophore colocalization is that of the cross-correlation analysis (13). Several recent studies have provided important examples of using this type of analysis to quantitate protein associations in cells (6,7,10,11,13). Cross-correlation analysis is a multi-step process that has been difficult to accomplish for large numbers of cells. To address this issue, a method for quantifying fluorophore colocalization in a facile manner using the cross-correlation analysis was written using scriptable imaging software. With this tool, quantitation of fluorophore colocalization is largely automated, thus allowing for fast and convenient quantitation of large numbers of cells. In the cross-correlation analysis, fluorophore colocalization is measured by determining the correlation coefficient (ρ) for the separate fluorophores using the equation:
DRP: An energy‐efficient routing protocol for underwater sensor networks

The features of transmissions in underwater sensor networks (UWSNs) include lower transmission rate, longer delay time, and higher power consumption when compared with terrestrial radio transmissions. The negative effects of transmission collisions deteriorate in such environments. Existing UWSN routing protocols do not consider the transmission collision probability differences resulting from different transmission distances. In this paper, we show that collision probability plays an important role in route selection and propose an energy‐efficient routing protocol (DRP), which considers the distance‐varied collision probability as well as each node's residual energy. Considering these 2 issues, DRP can find a path with high successful transmission rate and high‐residual energy. In fact, DRP can find the path producing the longest network lifetime, which we have confirmed through theoretical analysis. To the best of our knowledge, DRP is the first UWSN routing protocol that uses transmission collision probability as a factor in route selection. Simulation results verify that DRP extends network lifetime, increases network throughput, and reduces end‐to‐end delay when compared with solutions without considering distance‐varied collision probability or residual energy.
Interference Aware Routing Using Network Formation Game in Cognitive Radio Mesh Networks

In cognitive radio (CR) wireless mesh networks (WMNs), wireless mesh routers work as secondary users (SUs) that can opportunistically and intelligently access the idle licensed spectrum. When developing efficient routing techniques in CR networks, the aggregate interference from the SUs to the primary users (PUs) should be considered. Though the interference from a single SU that is outside the PUs' footprints is small, the aggregate interference from a great number of SUs transmitting at the same time may be significant, and this will greatly influence the PUs' performance. In this paper, a distributed routing algorithm is proposed using the network formation game to minimize the aggregate interference from the SUs to the PUs. The proposed distributed algorithm can avoid the problems in the centralized approach, such as the high cost for building the centralized coordinate nodes, high information-gathering delay, and system breakdown caused by the possible failures in the centralized nodes. From the simulation results, we can observe that the proposed algorithm can find the routes with lower interference to the PUs compared to the Dijkstra's algorithm. Compared to an upper bound, the distributed solution shows near optimum.
Pyramidal cell dendrites are the primary targets of calbindin D28k‐immunoreactive interneurons in the hippocampus

The axonal arborization and postsynaptic targets of calbindin D28k (CB)‐immunoreactive nonprincipal neurons have been studied in the rat dorsal hippocampus. Two types of neurons were distinguished on the basis of soma location, the characteristics of the dendritic tree, and the axon arborisation pattern. Type I cells were located in stratum radiatum of the CA1 and CA3 regions and occasionally in strata pyramidale and oriens. These cells had multipolar or bitufted dendritic trees primarily located in stratum radiatum. Their axons could be followed for a considerable distance, arborised within stratum radiatum, and were covered with regularly spaced small boutons. As demonstrated with postembedding immunogold staining, their axon terminals were γ‐aminobutyric acid (GABA) immunoreactive, and formed symmetrical synapses pre‐dominantly on proximal and distal dendrites of pyramidal cells (28% and 58%, respectively), and occasionally on spines (9%) or on GABA‐positive dendrites (5%). Type II cells were found exclusively in stratum oriens of the CA1 and CA3 regions and possessed large, fusiform cell bodies and long, horizontally oriented dendrites. Their axon initial segments turned towards the alveus and disappeared in a myelin sheet, which was often possible to follow into the white matter.