Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
[A treatment algorithm for developmental dysplasia of the hip for infants 0 to 18 months of age and its prospective results].

OBJECTIVES We evaluated the results of treatment in patients who were treated according to an algorithm established for developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH) during the first 18 months of life. METHODS We developed an algorithm for DDH to be used in infants at 0 to 18 months of age. Patients who did not respond to, or who did not have the indication for, the use of Pavlik harness were treated according to our algorithm and evaluated prospectively. Thirty-three hips (24 patients; 21 girls, 3 boys; mean age 7.4 months; range 2.5 to 18 months) were followed-up for a mean of 42 months (range 15 to 90 months). Ultrasonographic evaluation was performed using the Graf method. Avascular necrosis was evaluated according to the Kalamchi and MacEwen classification, and radiological results according to the Severin classification. RESULTS The mean acetabular index angles before and after treatment were 37.3 degrees (range 20 degrees to 58 degrees ) and 21.8 degrees (range 15 degrees to 30 degrees ), respectively. According to the Kalamchi and MacEwen classification, six hips (18.2%) had type I, three hips (9.1%) had type II, and one hip (3%) had type III avascular necrosis. According to the Severin criteria, 21 hips were considered in group I, 10 in group II, and two hips in group III. Acetabular osteotomies were performed in four hips. All patients had full range of motion without any pain and limp. CONCLUSION Successful clinical results obtained in the hips treated according to this algorithm for DDH may serve to justify its use as a standard algorithm in the treatment of infants at ages 0 to 18 months.
Structural Features of the Seneca Valley Virus Internal Ribosome Entry Site (IRES) Element: a Picornavirus with a Pestivirus-Like IRES

ABSTRACT The RNA genome of Seneca Valley virus (SVV), a recently identified picornavirus, contains an internal ribosome entry site (IRES) element which has structural and functional similarity to that from classical swine fever virus (CSFV) and hepatitis C virus, members of the Flaviviridae. The SVV IRES has an absolute requirement for the presence of a short region of virus-coding sequence to allow it to function either in cells or in rabbit reticulocyte lysate. The IRES activity does not require the translation initiation factor eIF4A or intact eIF4G. The predicted secondary structure indicates that the SVV IRES is more closely related to the CSFV IRES, including the presence of a bipartite IIId domain. Mutagenesis of the SVV IRES, coupled to functional assays, support the core elements of the IRES structure model, but surprisingly, deletion of the conserved IIId2 domain had no effect on IRES activity, including 40S and eIF3 binding. This is the first example of a picornavirus IRES that is most closely related to the CSFV IRES and suggests the possibility of multiple, independent recombination events between the genomes of the Picornaviridae and Flaviviridae to give rise to similar IRES elements.
CONICAL EXPERIENCE WITH INTRANASAL OXYTOCIN SPRAY

INTRANASAL ADMINISTRATION of oxytocin to stimulate uterine contractions is not new. The method was first employed in 1927 by Hofbauer and Hoerner, who placed pledgets of cotton-wool soaked in pituitary extract in the nose. The method was discontinued owing to the uncontrolled and continuous absorption of the pituitrin; but as late as 1945 Bartholomew was instUIing drops of pituitary extract into the nose at regular intervals to initiate uterine contractions. During this time, however, the favourite method of inducing labour was by intramuscular injections of pituitary extract, and later by injections of purified oxytocic factor-"Pitocin" or its synthetic equivalent "Syntocinon". This method was replaced by the intravenous infusion of oxytocin in "physiological dilutions", as described by Theobald in 1948.
Lithium inhibits glycogen synthase kinase-3 by competition for magnesium.

The mechanism by which lithium (Li(+)) inhibits the protein kinase glycogen synthase kinase-3 (GSK-3) is unknown. Here, we demonstrate that Li(+) is a competitive inhibitor of GSK-3 with respect to magnesium (Mg(2+)), but not to substrate or ATP. This mode of inhibition is conserved between mammalian and Dictyostelium GSK-3 isoforms, and is not experienced with other group I metal ions. As a consequence, the potency of Li(+) inhibition is dependent on Mg(2+) concentration. We also found that GSK-3 is sensitive to chelation of free Mg(2+) by ATP and is progressively inhibited when ATP concentrations exceed that of Mg(2+). Given the cellular concentrations of ATP and Mg(2+), our results indicate that Li(+) will have a greater effect on GSK-3 activity in vivo than expected from in vitro studies and this may be a factor relevant to its use in the treatment of depression.
Linked Data Management

Introduction Linked Data and the Semantic Web Standards Aidan Hogan Aligning Ontologies of Linked Data Rahul Parundekar, Craig A. Knoblock, and Jose Luis Ambite Architecture of Linked Data Applications Benjamin Heitmann, Richard Cyganiak, Conor Hayes, and Stefan Decker Centralized Query Processing Mapping Relational Databases to Linked Data Juan F. Sequeda and Daniel P. Miranker Efficient Query Processing in RDF Databases Andrey Gubichev and Thomas Neumann Evaluating SPARQL Queries over Linked Data Streams Jean-Paul Calbimonte and Oscar Corcho Parallel Query Processing SPARQL Query Processing in the Cloud Francesca Bugiotti, Jesus Camacho-Rodriguez, Francois Goasdoue, Zoi Kaoudi, Ioana Manolescu, and Stamatis Zampetakis The bigdata(R) RDF Graph Database Bryan Thompson, Mike Personick, and Martyn Cutcher Experiences with Virtuoso Cluster RDF Column Store Peter Boncz, Orri Erling, and Minh-Duc Pham Distributed Query Processing Linked Data Query Processing Based on Link Traversal Olaf Hartig Semantic Navigation on the Web of Data Valeria Fionda, Claudio Gutierrez, and Giuseppe Pirro Index-Based Source Selection and Optimization Jurgen Umbrich, Marcel Karnstedt, Axel Polleres, and Kai-Uwe Sattler P2P-Based Query Processing over Linked Data Marcel Karnstedt, Kai-Uwe Sattler, and Manfred Hauswirth Federated Query Processing over Linked Data Peter Haase, Katja Hose, Ralf Schenkel, Michael Schmidt, and Andreas Schwarte Reasoning over RDF Data On the Use of Abstract Models for RDF/S Provenance Irini Fundulaki, Giorgos Flouris, and Vassilis Papakonstantinou Incremental Reasoning on RDF Streams Daniele Dell'Aglio and Emanuele Della Valle Linked Data Interfaces Linked Data Services Sebastian Speiser, Martin Junghans, and Armin Haller Using read-write Linked Data for Application Integration Arnaud J. Le Hors and Steve Speicher Bibliography
A Bacterial Flagellin, Vibrio vulnificus FlaB, Has a Strong Mucosal Adjuvant Activity To Induce Protective Immunity

ABSTRACT Flagellin, the structural component of flagellar filament in various locomotive bacteria, is the ligand for Toll-like receptor 5 (TLR5) of host cells. TLR stimulation by various pathogen-associated molecular patterns leads to activation of innate and subsequent adaptive immune responses. Therefore, TLR ligands are considered attractive adjuvant candidates in vaccine development. In this study, we show the highly potent mucosal adjuvant activity of a Vibrio vulnificus major flagellin (FlaB). Using an intranasal immunization mouse model, we observed that coadministration of the flagellin with tetanus toxoid (TT) induced significantly enhanced TT-specific immunoglobulin A (IgA) responses in both mucosal and systemic compartments and IgG responses in the systemic compartment. The mice immunized with TT plus FlaB were completely protected from systemic challenge with a 200× minimum lethal dose of tetanus toxin. Radiolabeled FlaB administered into the nasal cavity readily reached the cervical lymph nodes and systemic circulation. FlaB bound directly to human TLR5 expressed on cultured epithelial cells and consequently induced NF-κB and interleukin-8 activation. Intranasally administered FlaB colocalized with CD11c as patches in putative dendritic cells and caused an increase in the number of TLR5-expressing cells in cervical lymph nodes. These results indicate that flagellin would serve as an efficacious mucosal adjuvant inducing protective immune responses through TLR5 activation.
combined small-molecule inhibition accelerates the derivation of functional cortical neurons from human pluripotent stem cells

Over the past few years, methods have been developed to convert hPSCs into early neural lineages. A particularly efficient strategy is the use of two small-molecule inhibitors of SMAD signaling (LDN193189 and SB431542; referred to as the LSB protocol) to trigger differentiation of human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) or human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs) into PAX6+ CNS neural precursors within 11 d of differentiation1. Neural subtype specification can be further modulated using additional small molecules targeting pathways such as WNT signaling. Timed exposure to compounds activating WNT signaling under dual SMAD inhibition conditions induces the neural crest lineage, marked by SOX10 expression. In contrast, inhibition of WNT signaling blocks the formation of neural crest cells and enhances the induction of forebrain precursors, marked by FOXG1 expression2–4. Although those manipulations efficiently specify defined neural precursor cell populations, further differentiation into functional neurons in vitro is a lengthy process that can extend over weeks if not months. To accelerate neuronal fate acquisition, we have used two additional small molecules: SU5402, a potent inhibitor of fibroblast growth factor (FGF) signaling5, and DAPT, a γ-secretase inhibitor blocking Notch signaling6. Combinatorial application of those two inhibitors with dual SMAD inhibition and WNT activation yields 75% post-mitotic neurons in 11 d of differentiation7, the same time period required for neural precursor cell induction under standard dual SMAD inhibition conditions1. However, coexpression of BRN3A and ISL1 in those rapidly induced neurons defined them as peripheral sensory rather than PAX6-derived CNS neurons7. Therefore, it has remained unclear whether strategies to accelerate neuronal fate acquisition during sensory fate specification can be adapted for CNS fates. PAX6-derived cortical neurons are of particular interest for studies of human development and for modeling human neurodevelopmental and neurodegenerative disorders. While reliable protocols exist to derive cortical neurons from hPSCs, those conditions require 30–90 d of differentiation to yield both lowerand upper-layer cortical neurons8,9 and even longer time periods to achieve full maturation. Here we sought to identify small-molecule-based conditions that accelerate human cortical neuron fate induction to facilitate the routine application of hPSC-derived neurons in disease modeling and regenerative medicine. We present modified small-molecule-based differentiation conditions that sharply accelerate the derivation of forebrain neurons in the presence of WNT pathway inhibitors. Phenotypic marker expression, electrophysiological analysis, and in vivo transplantation studies confirm neuronal identity and functional properties of the cells, indicating that strategies for accelerated combined small-molecule inhibition accelerates the derivation of functional cortical neurons from human pluripotent stem cells
Field of Values Analysis of a Two-Level Preconditioner for the Helmholtz Equation

In this paper, we study the convergence of a two-level preconditioned GMRES for linear systems related to first order finite element discretizations of Helmholtz equation in a lossy media. Due to losses, the finite element system matrix is nonnormal. To handle this nonnormality, we use a field of values based convergence criterion for GMRES. The focus is on a priori analysis to study the dependency between GMRES convergence and wave number, losses, and coarse as well as fine grid mesh sizes, before any actual computations are done. The analysis indicates that the coarse grid mesh size $H$ should satisfy the constraint $\kappa^3 H \ll 1$ to guarantee wave number and mesh size independent convergence of the preconditioned iteration. The obtained theoretical results are illustrated in two- and three-dimensional numerical examples.
Diversity and MIMO antenna for multi-band mobile handset applications

A multi-band antenna, which consists of a diversity antenna in the DCS/PCS/UMTS bands and a MIMO antenna in the LTE17/LTE4 bands, is proposed and designed for mobile handset applications. The proposed antenna consists of the meandered PIFAs with branch lines. The radiation efficiency of the proposed antenna is higher than 30% in the LTE17/LTE4 bands and higher than 40% in the DCS/PCS/UMTS bands. The ECC between two identical antennas is less than 0.5 over the entire LTE17/LTE4/DCS/PCS/ UMTS bands.
Células madre adultas: fuentes, características y perspectivas sobre su uso terapeútico

Las primeras evidencias cientificas de que en el organismo adulto existen celulas madre proviene de experimentos realizados por Till y McCulloch a finales de los anos 50 centrados en las celulas madre hematopoyeticas. Sin embargo, la capacidad de regenerar tejidos en organismos adultos, e incluso de regenerar organismos completos, como en el caso de planarias, se conoce desde mucho antes. Clinicamente, hemos explotado la potencialidad de las celulas madre adultas, concretamente de las celulas madre hematopoyeticas, desde hace mas de 50 anos, y podemos afirmar que gracias al trasplante de medula osea (trasplante de celulas madre hematopoyeticas) miles de pacientes han podido ser curados de enfermedades de otra forma incurables. El interes por la utilizacion de las celulas madre, o troncales, sin embargo, ha crecido de forma exponencial en los ultimos anos a raiz de la identificacion, caracterizacion y aislamiento de las celulas madre embrionarias humanas1 y de las expectativas, de alguna forma prematuras, de que las celulas madre podrian ser capaces de curar innumerables enfermedades (enfermedades neurodegenerativas, cardiacas, endocrinologicas, etc.) gracias a su enorme potencial de dife-
Information flow and regulation of foraging activity in bumble bees (Bombus spp.)

Communication in the context of foraging in bumble bees has received less attention than in other social bees. Yet, recent studies have revealed that information flow mediates colony foraging activity. The species studied do not recruit to specific locations, but bees can learn the scent of food sources at the nest, which may reduce their search time. Location communication may not confer high benefits to bumble bees. But bees react to nectar influx with increased foraging activity, with high quality food eliciting more activity. This shows that bees recognize and sample freshly collected nectar. If the colony has no demand for food, foraging activity does not increase. Successful foragers distribute a tergal gland pheromone in the nest that also elicits higher foraging activity. Information exchange in the nest thus enables bumble bees to base their decision to forage on demand and the presence and profitability of food. Bombus terrestris / recruitment / social insect / collective foraging / communication
Does Money Matter for U.S. Inflation? Evidence from Bayesian Vars

We use Bayesian estimation techniques to investigate whether money growth Granger-causes inflation in the United States. We test for Granger-causality out-of-sample and find, perhaps surprisingly given recent theoretical arguments, that including money growth in simple VAR models of inflation does systematically improve out-of-sample forecasting accuracy. This holds for a long forecasting sample 1960-2005, as well for more recent subperiods, including the Volcker and Greenspan eras. However, the contribution of money to inflation forecasting accuracy is quantitatively limited and tends to be smaller in recent subperiods, in particular in models that also include information on real GDP growth and interest rates.
Chronic respiratory diseases and lung cancer research: a perspective from the European Union

Chronic respiratory diseases (CRDs) are chronic diseases of the airways and other structures of the lungs. Major CRDs are asthma and respiratory allergies, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), occupational lung diseases, sleep apnoea syndrome and pulmonary hypertension. Globally, they affect 1 billion people and account for 7% of all deaths worldwide (4.2 million deaths) [1]. Lung cancer adds to this number another 1.4 million deaths annually (2.4%) [2]. Of the communicable lung diseases, tuberculosis is by far the most important. In 2012, 1.3 million people were killed by tuberculosis and 8.6 million new cases required treatment [3]. The European Union fosters cutting-edge research and innovation in chronic respiratory diseases and lung cancer http://ow.ly/RKnu7
Efficient path following algorithm for unmanned surface vehicle

This paper presents the comparison and analysis of four common path following algorithms for the C-Enduro unmanned surface vehicle (USV), which is designed to operate at sea for extended periods of time (up to 3 months). Four path following algorithms were tested that include Carrot chasing path following, Nonlinear guidance law, Pure pursuit and line-of-sight (PLOS) path following and Vector field algorithms. The simulation was realized by implementing the 3 DOF dynamic model of C-Enduro USV. The simulation also took account of the environmental factors, i.e., wind and current. The accuracy and control effort of these four algorithms are compared and analyzed. The simulation results can be used to assist in deciding which path following algorithm the USV needs to implement in order to deal with different missions efficiently.
Using Tactile Data for Real-Time Feedback

Object recognition through the use of input from multiple sensors is an important aspect of an autonomous manipula tion system. In tactile object recognition, it is necessary to determine the location and orientation of object edges and surfaces. We propose a controller that utilizes a tactile sensor in the feedback loop of a manipulator to track edges in real time. In our control system, the data from the tactile sensor is processed in two stages to determine the location of edges. The first stage involves adaptive thresholding of tactile images. This thresholded image is used to detect edges. In the second stage, we use a combination of weighted least squares and the Modified Adaptive Hough Transform to choose the edge to be tracked from the multiple edges present in the tactile image. The parameters of these edges are then used to generate a set-point signal to drive the manipulator. In our implementation, we use a Hybrid controller that uses both position and force set points. The edge tracker, pre sented in this article, has been implemented on the CMU DD Arm II system. While the signal processing and the control computation require 30 ms, the tactile images are transferred from the sensor to the computer every 240 ms. Consequently, the acquisition of tactile images limits the sampling rate to 4.2 Hz. In this article, we describe both the theory and exper imental implementation of tactile edge detection and an edge tracking controller.
A classification of mobile business models and its applications

Although there have been a lot of studies on mobile business, it is hard to find ones in which an integrated perspective of mobile business based on both customers’ and companies’ needs is suggested. This research develops a mobile business model classification scheme and applies it to analysis of current status in mobile business. In the first case study on 65 firms in Korea, mobile solutions are categorized based on the classification scheme in order to analyze an overall market environment of mobile business. In the second case study on mobile service trend analysis, a set of evaluation indices including four general indices, ten effectiveness indices and 13 measurement indices were developed to analyze mobile service environment in the perspective of B2C (business to customer). For the second case study, 200 mobile heavy users were questioned on the mobile service‐related issues.
Contractile properties of developing human fetal cardiac muscle

The contractile properties of human fetal cardiac muscle have not been previously studied. Small‐scale approaches such as isolated myofibril and isolated contractile protein biomechanical assays allow study of activation and relaxation kinetics of human fetal cardiac muscle under well‐controlled conditions. We have examined the contractile properties of human fetal cardiac myofibrils and myosin across gestational age 59–134 days. Human fetal cardiac myofibrils have low force and slow kinetics of activation and relaxation that increase during the time period studied, and kinetic changes may result from structural maturation and changes in protein isoform expression. Understanding the time course of human fetal cardiac muscle structure and contractile maturation can provide a framework to study development of contractile dysfunction with disease and evaluate the maturation state of cultured stem cell‐derived cardiomyocytes.
Symptom-based assessment of the severity of a concussion.

OBJECT Current grading systems of concussion and return-to-play guidelines have little empirical support. The authors therefore examined the relationships of the characteristics and symptoms of concussion and the history of concussion to three indicators of concussion severity-number of immediate symptoms, number of symptoms at the initial follow-up examination, and duration of symptoms--to establish an empirical basis for grading concussions. METHODS Forty-seven athletes who sustained concussions were administered alternate forms of an Internet-based neurocognitive test until their performances were within normal limits relative to baseline levels. Assessments of observer-reported and self-reported symptoms at the sideline of the playing field on the day of injury, and at follow-up examinations were also obtained as part of a comprehensive concussion management protocol. Although loss of consciousness (LOC) was a useful indicator of the initial severity of the injury, it did not correlate with other indices of concussion severity, including duration of symptoms. Athletes reporting memory problems at follow-up examinations had significantly more symptoms in general, longer durations of those symptoms, and significant decreases in scores on neurocognitive tests administered approximately 48 hours postinjury. This decline of scores on neurocognitive testing was significantly associated with an increased duration of symptoms. A history of concussion was unrelated to the number and duration of symptoms. CONCLUSIONS This paper represents the first documentation of empirically derived indicators of the clinical course of postconcussion symptom resolution. Self-reported memory problems apparent 24 hours postconcussion were robust indicators of the severity of sports-related concussion and should be a primary consideration in determining an athlete's readiness to return to competition. A decline on neurocognitive testing was the only objective measure significantly related to the duration of symptoms. Neither a brief LOC nor a history of concussion was a useful predictor of the duration of postconcussion symptoms.