Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Growth and Macronutrient Accumulation of Chasmanthium latifolium (Michx.) Yates and Hakonechloa macra Makino 'Aureola' in Response to Temperature

Optimum growing temperatures were determined for Hakonechloa macra Makino 'Aureola' and Chasmanthium latifolium (Michx.) Yates, two shade-tolerant ornamental grasses found naturally in regions differing in temperature conditions. Plants were grown in four growth chambers at average daily temperatures of 13, 19, 25, and 31 °C for 12 weeks. After the treatment period, plants were destructively harvested to quantify growth and shoot tissue concentrations of N, P, K, Ca, and Mg. Optimal growth occurred at an average daily temperature of 25 °C for both grasses, but Hakonechloa was better able to tolerate lower temperatures. Hakonechloa died at 31 °C, while Chasmanthium growth was only slightly reduced at this temperature. Nutrient concentrations in shoot tissue for both species increased with increasing temperatures up to the temperature supporting optimal growth. At 13 and 19 °C, the concentrations of most nutrients were higher for Hakonechloa than for Chasmanthium, possibly reflecting the greater growth (higher nutrient demand) of Hakonechloa at lower temperatures. When compared on a per plant basis at each grasses' optimum temperature for growth, Chasmanthium has a much greater demand for nutrients than Hakonechloa, reflecting the greater growth potential of Chasmanthium.
Elliptical Glide-Symmetric Holey Metasurfaces for Wideband Anisotropy

This paper presents a mode-matching technique to study the dispersive features of periodic structures composed of glide-symmetric elliptical holes. As a difference from purely numerical methods, our formulation provides physical insight on the Floquet harmonics. At the same time, the computational cost is reduced compared to general purpose commercial software. The fields inside the holes are described by means of Mathieu functions and subsequently used to compute the full 2-D dispersion diagrams. With the presented analysis, we demonstrate that glide-symmetric periodic structures with elliptical holes offer anisotropic refractive indexes over a wide range of frequencies.
Machine Learning For Microwave Imaging

This paper proposes a fully-connected artificial neural network (ANN) approach for addressing the full-wave inverse scattering problem in a quantitative fashion. The proposed scheme processes the scattered field samples collected at receivers locations and provides as output an estimate of the unknown complex permittivity in strongly non-linear scenarios. The proposed approach requires a proper training step, which is also addressed via an automatic randomly-shaped complex profile generator inspired by the statistical distribution of breast biological tissues, and is almost real-time in the recovery step. Several representative numerical tests were carried out to evaluate the performance of the proposed method and to validate the use of ANN for quantitative imaging purposes in biological-inspired scenarios.
An annotated checklist of bumble bees with an analysis of patterns of description (Hymenoptera: Apidae, Bombini)

Introduction. ,. 80 Past lists of species. 80 History of discovery of species . 80 History of publication of nam es.81 Summary of historical and regional trends in describing bumble b ees.86 Development of a revised checklist. 87 Acknowledgements. 88 Taxonomy.88 Phylogeny, supra-specific taxa and ordering of species.89 Criteria to discriminate species. 90 Sub-specific ta x a . 96 Nomenclature. 96 Typographical conventions. 96 Selection of synonyms.97 Applications to IC Z N . 97 Distribution m ap s.97 List of species. 99 References. 140 Index. 150
Increased expression of ethylene receptor genes during low pH-induced root hair formation in lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.) seedlings: direct and indirect induction by ethylene and auxin, respectively.

The plant hormones ethylene and auxin mediate the formation of root hairs on lettuce seedlings that are transferred from pH 6.0 to pH 4.0 medium. To investigate the regulatory mechanism of ethylene, we isolated ethylene receptor genes from lettuce. Three putative transmembrane domains were found in Ls-ERS1 and Ls-ETR1 and four in Ls-ETR2 and Ls-ETR3. Five bacterial histidine kinase motifs were highly conserved in Ls-ERS1 and Ls-ETR1, but not Ls-ETR2 or Ls-ETR3. Phylogenetic analysis supported these similarities among family members. Genomic Southern hybridization revealed that each gene existed as a single copy in the genome. mRNAs of these genes were detected in seedling roots after pre-culture at pH 6.0. After transfer to pH 4.0 medium, Ls-ERS1 and Ls-ETR2 expression and ethylene produc- tion increased and were maintained at higher levels than those found at pH 6.0. The addition of 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid (ACC) to the pH 6.0 medium noticeably induced both ethylene production and Ls-ERS1 and Ls-ETR2 expression. A marked increase in the mRNA level of Ls-ERS1, with a slight increase in Ls-ETR2 mRNA level, was noted with the addition of indole-3-acetic acid (IAA); however, ethylene production was also induced. Simulta- neous treatment with an ethylene biosynthesis inhibitor and IAA markedly inhibited ethylene production and ethylene receptor gene expres- sion. These results suggest that ethylene receptor gene expression is differentially regu- lated among the family members during low pH-induced root hair formation in lettuce seedl- ings, and that the increased expression of Ls-ERS1 and Ls-ETR2 during this process is induced by ethylene rather than by auxin.
Ocorrência de genes codificadores de enterotoxinas em Staphylococcus aureus associados a mastite em cabras em lactação

Staphylococcal enterotoxins are the leading cause of human food poisoning worldwide. Staphylococcus spp. are the main mastitis-causing agents in goats and frequently found in high counts in goat milk. This study aimed to investigate the occurrence of enterotoxin-encoding genes in Staphylococcus aureus associated with mastitis in lactating goats in Paraiba State, Brazil. Milk samples (n=2024) were collected from 393 farms. Staphylococcus aureus was isolated in 55 milk samples. Classical (sea, seb, sec, sed, see) and novel (seg, seh, sei) enterotoxin-encoding genes were investigated by means of polymerase chain reaction (PCR). From thirty-six tested isolates, enterotoxin-encoding genes were detected in 7 (19.5%) S. aureus. The gene encoding enterotoxin C (seC) was identified in six isolates, while seiwas observed in only one isolate. The genes sea, seb, sed, see, seg and seh were not observed amongst the S. aureus investigated in this study. In summary, S. aureus causing mastitis in goats can harbor enterotoxin-encoding genes and seC was the most frequent gene observed amongst the investigated isolates. This finding is important for surveillance purposes, since enterotoxin C should be investigated in human staphylococcal food poisoning outbreaks caused by consumption of goat milk and dairy products.
Microgrid Optimal Power Flow for Increased Security

The AC microgrids ensure both uninterrupted power supply to the consumer and secure operation. The components of the proposed microgrid are divided into energy sources and critical consumers. The energy sources consist of an energy storage system, a renewable energy source and a Diesel-generator as a back-up power system. The problems of modern microgrids are related to the cost of the supplied energy, but also to the efficiency. In this paper, the authors propose a strategy for the optimal use of clean energy sources for both constant and variable loads. In this way, the microgrid allows the use of more sustainable energy sources for the environment. The microgrid architecture allows the use of local energy sources and can deliver the electrical energy in both operation modes: island and grid-connected, under quality conditions of the energy. In this way, the microgrids offer higher security in the energy supply of the consumers, compared to the national energy system. The paper presents the problem of optimized control of power flow under energy constraints, as well as the obtained numerical results.
Low Power Wireless Data Transfer for Internet of Things: GSM Network Measuring Results

This paper describes the properties of wireless data transfer for Internet of Things (IoT). It focuses on low power consumption of the device. The paper presents the results of measuring latency, throughput and power consumption of a GSM module connected to an Arduino during data transfer to a remote server running at a PC. The measuring methodology of obtaining these results is discussed. Power consumption measurements include sending files of various sizes from the GSM module via the GSM network to the server. Conclusions regarding battery lifespan for the GSM module are made in the paper. Throughput over the GSM network for this module is elaborated and a static part of sending time, of a file regardless its size, is identified in this paper. The throughput is measured in order to further analyze the usability of such a device in IoT. The usability of LTE in such a configuration for fast data transfer is also discussed. The latency between the GSM module and the server is approximated because it may influence power consumption.
Thermal orientation of Anthonomus pomorum (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) in early spring

Abstract. The selection of habitats with favourable temperature by the apple blossom weevil Anthonomus pomorum (L.) is investigated in a temperature gradient arena with a range of approximately 0–15 °C. Single female and male weevils are tested in the arena 2, 4 and 6 days after termination of diapause, during photophase and during scotophase. During photophase, weevils of both sexes choose the warmest part of the temperature gradient arena, irrespective of the time elapsed after diapause. During scotophase, high temperature is favoured by male weevils, as well as by females 2 and 4 days after diapause. However, 6 days after termination of diapause, females show no thermal preference in the temperature gradient arena during scotophase, indicating that thermal choice of female A. pomorum in the scotophase changes with time after the termination of diapause. The results suggest that both sexes benefit from thermoregulation by habitat choice during photophase when the weevils are flight active and colonize apple trees.
Mathematical modelling and integration of rumen fermentation processes

In ruminants, the profile of nutrients available for absorption generally differs considerably from that ingested. These differences result from the metabolic activities of the rumen microorganisms. The main aim of the present study, was to model the rumen fermentation processes, to achieve the integration and quantification of these processes, and with the long term aim of improving the level and efficiency of animal performance with respect to desired products and waste. The dynamic, mechanistic models developed in this study addressed specific aspects of rumen function which were not included in previous models, but have been recognized as being of major importance in the transformation of ingested to absorbed nutrients. In particular, the representation of microbial metabolism has been improved. Results of model evaluation showed that the outflow of nutrients from the rumen (NDF, starch, soluble sugars, nitrogen) was predicted well on a wide range of dietary inputs. However, the type of VFA was not predicted satisfactorily. Therefore, an experiment was conducted to study absorption rates of VFA from the rumen. It was found that VFA absorption is affected to a different extent by rumen volume, pH and VFA concentration. These factors should be taken into account if production of individual VFA in the rumen is to be predicted accurately. In another model developed in the present study, major aspects of rumen protozoal metabolism have been represented mathematically. The mathematical integration of protozoal, bacterial and dietary characteristics provided a quantitative understanding of mechanisms of protozoal responses and their effects on nutrients available for absorption to changes in dietary inputs. The prediction of responses of the amount of product (milk, meat, wool) and the product composition should recognize metabolism of individual substrates within the rumen or available after absorption. The models developed in this study provide a basis for the estimation of the profile of nutrients available for absorption, but further consideration of the prediction of type of VFA formed in the rumen should have a high priority.
Economic Potential and Sensitivity Analysis of Energy Storage Applications in the Power Sale Side of China

With the deregulation of the power sale side arising from China’s new round of power sector reforms in 2015, and with the implementation of energy storage (ES) policies, the economic model of an innovative power sale company combined with ES can significantly promote China’s power sale side marketization reforms and improvements. To realize the maximization of the economic profit on the power sale side, an optimization decision model with ES across time scales is constructed and solved by using LINGO software. Moreover, three different parameters of electricity price, government subsidy and daily deviation penalty are selected to analyze the sensitivity of the proposed model to provide a reference for the development of ES on the power sale side of China.
The wind stability of different silvicultural systems for Douglas-fir in the Netherlands: a model-based approach

Summary The aim of this study was to evaluate different silvicultural systems for Douglas-fi r ( Pseudotsuga menziesii (Mirb.) Franco) in the Netherlands in terms of timber production and wind stability over a full rotation. This was done using the forest genetics, ecology, management and wind model (ForGEM-W), which combines a distant dependent tree growth simulator with a mechanical – empirical wind damage module. Six different silvicultural systems were evaluated: normal yield table management, free thinning from above in a monospecies and a mixed stand (50 per cent mixture of beech ( Fagus sylvatica L.)), uneven-aged system, no thinning regime with low initial stand density of Douglas-fi r with and without admixture of beech. Silvicultural systems leading to low height – diameter (h/d) ratios were most successful in avoiding damage. Low h/d ratios were obtained in the system with low stand density and no thinning and in the uneven-aged system by systematically removing trees with the highest ratios during thinning. In particular, the uneven-aged system combined a high timber production with low risk. The use of Douglas-fi r – beech mixtures changed the competition pressure on Douglas-fi r, and thus the h/d ratio and the wind risk. Results from this study indicate that the current trend towards more nature-oriented management could lead to lower wind risks and even to an increase in overall productivity.
Honey Bee Pathology

The Honey Bee. Viruses. Bacteria. Fungi. Protozoa and Microspora. Parasitic Mites. Insect and Nemtode Parasites. Disorders of Uncertain Orgin and Non-Infectious Diseases. The Treatment of Bee Diseases. Conclusions. References. Subject Index. Index.
Increasing of Decoder Speed in Data Transfer Systems Due to the Use of Parallel Calculations

This article describes multithreaded and single-threaded implementations of the information decoding algorithm. The Hamming block code implementation is taken as a test case. OpenMP and CUDA technologies have shown high efficiency while parallelizing the decoding process. The article compares their effectiveness and estimates the gain from the use of parallel computing.
A Passive RFID Tag For Biomass Tracking

This paper presents the design for a low cost miniaturized chipless RFID tag for short-range biomass tracking and monitoring purposes. The concentric hexagonal geometry and angular stability, leading to higher data capacity are the novel aspects of the proposed design, which can encode four data bits within a compact size of 1 cm radius. The designed is capable of encoding 2n unique IDs in a 4-to-9 GHz frequency band, where n is the number of etched slots. The angular stability makes this tag readable from any angle in biomass. Moreover, this chipless RFID tag has no hazard as compared to battery-based active tags during biomass combustion processes.
Engineering a large sustainable world fishery

Mankind is faced with three interconnected problems, those of rising population, the provision of adequate food and the increasing level of waste carbon dioxide in the atmosphere. The ocean plays an important role at present by annually providing c. 90 Mt of high protein food and absorbing about 1000 Mt of carbon dioxide (CO2) from the atmosphere. By the year 2100 it is predicted by the United Nations (1992) that the world population will have more than doubled its 1990 level of 5.2 thousand million people and will approach 11.5 thousand million. Most of this population increase will occur in the developing countries.
Reducing the Dimensionality of 6-D MoM Integrals Applying Twice the Divergence Theorem

In this paper we propose a scheme for evaluating the 6-D interaction integrals appearing in volume integral equation solved with the Method of Moments and tetrahedral elements. We treat as a whole the double volume integral, applying the divergence theorem first on the source domain and then on the test domain. With the proper variable transformation and reordering, the 6-D integrals are expressed as two radial integrals plus four linear integrals over the source and observation domain planes.
Microgrid Power Infrastructure for Critical Operations

The current utility grid is a bulk power system, inflexible, centralised controlled. The insertion of the renewable energy sources (RES) into the utility grid is a real challenge for most electric operators. Recently, the cyber-attacks on power grid raise the problem of continuity in ensuring the electrical energy to the critical infrastructures. In order to assure the electrical energy to the critical consumers, the authors of this paper propose a viable solution based on the microgrids. Moreover, the proposed microgrid control allows the insertion of the additional power from the RES, the normal operation in both cases: grid-connected and standalone. Through the appropriate frequency and voltage control, the power quality of the microgrid is obtained in conditions of normal operations and perturbation. The proposed solution agrees well in case of blackouts or grid-attack. The autonomy of the microgrid makes the solution to be a good candidate for the military camp.
Social Engineering and Prototype Awareness Enhancing During International Coronavirus Outbreak

This paper reports on a prototype awareness enhancing and monitoring device which will assist its users in order to reduce the spreading of Coronavirus (COVID-19). An awareness network between humans and sensors was used to build a human-sensor cognitive system that projects human unawareness of habitual behavior into self-correctness. The collaborative action was based on the ability of the sensor to collect information (face touching), communicate information to a human through visual (sound) warning and affect his/her decisions through fostering behavioral change, The prototype has two additional functions: a vibrating and sound awareness functions that are activated when a person places their hands in a location associated with the face. To some extend this approach coincides with the features of social engineering, and with the approach of harnessing the social and artificial intelligence for the social benefit.
Dual-Polarized Dielectric Resonator Antenna Array for 5G Mobile Radio Base Stations

Large-scale antenna arrays operating in the millimetre-wave (mmW) regime are required for mobile radio base stations of the next generation. These arrays should support dual-polarization and cover the large available bandwidths. Two dual-polarized antenna concepts are compared to addressing these challenges. The presented dielectric resonator antenna (DRA) is characterized by 3D printed resonator elements, whereas the stacked patch antenna array features a classical multilayer printed circuit board (PCB) structure. To verify the proper functioning a $2 \times 2$ DRA antenna array prototype around 28GHz is built. The investigations show that both antenna designs can meet the requirements of 5G mmW large-scale antenna arrays, whereby the DRA antenna approach reduces the number of PCB layers and thereby lowers manufacturing costs.
MOLECULAR PROCESSING OF REPLICATION INTERMEDIATES IN ESCHERICHIA COLI AFTER DNA DAMAGE

Replication forks face a variety of structurally diverse impediments that can prevent them from completing their task. The mechanism by which cells overcome these hurdles is likely to vary depending on the nature of the obstacle and the strand in which the impediment is encountered. Both UV-induced DNA damage and thermosensitive replication proteins have been used in model systems to inhibit DNA replication and characterize the mechanism by which it recovers. In this study, we examined the molecular events that occur at replication forks following inactivation of a thermosensitive DnaB helicase and found that they are distinct from those that occur following arrest at UV-induced damage. Following UV-induced DNA damage, the integrity of replication forks are maintained and protected from extensive degradation by RecA, RecF, RecO, and RecR until replication can resume. By contrast, inactivation of DnaB results in extensive degradation of the nascent and leading strand template DNA and a loss of replication fork integrity as monitored by two-dimensional agarose gel analysis. The degradation that occurs following DnaB inactivation partially depends on
Analytical Modeling of Ion Sensitive Broken Gate TFET for pH Sensing Applications

In this letter, structural modification of a conventional tunnel field effect transistor (TFET) device is presented to act as an effective pH sensor. The change in hydrogen ion concentration in the aqueous solution is to be detected by the present broken gate (BG) TFET based pH sensor with its semiconducting material being modified as the electrolytic region. The chemical reactions at the interface of the gate dielectric and the electrolyte generate a surface charge density, making the device sensitive to pH. An analytical model of the BG TFET is developed here to capture the impact of pH variations on surface potential and drain current characteristics of the device. The sensitivity of the device is then investigated by extracting the threshold voltage shift as the pH values of the injected solution are varied. The accuracy of the analytical results is further corroborated by ATLAS simulator extracted data.
IDENTIFICATION OF ANTIOXIDANT GENE IN THROUGH COMPUTATIONAL APPROACHES Caenorhabditis elegans

Antioxidants are the substances when present in the low concentration compared to that of oxidizable substrate significantly delay or prevent oxidation of that substrate. In human total >100 genes known that have antioxidant properties but despite of being 60% similarities of genomes of with Homo sapiens only five gene named Prdx-3, Y38, CIAA, clk-1, gro-1 are known which shows antioxidant properties in . Such similarity index shows that some other unknown genes of must also have antioxidant properties that are still not known. For identification of other unknown genes in that attains antioxidant properties, BLAST of known antioxidant genes in against genome of at Worm database was performed, significant results are found, identification of a locus in named KO8D12 that showed good homology with JUND gene present in Homo sapiens whose gene ID 3727 that is present on chromosome 19p13.2. JunD activates transcription of the human ferritin H gene through an antioxidant response element during oxidative stress. Identification of such new antioxidant gene in will boost the research areas as this worm in current time is used as a unique model organism for research.