Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Improvements and analysis of nonlinear parallel behavioral models

This article performs an analysis of current limitations regarding the extraction of parallel behavioral models to reproduce the power amplifier (PA) nonlinear behavior and its dynamics. To overcome these limitations, a general preprocessing block that clearly improves the identification capabilities shown by classical parallel structures is proposed. It follows the principle of separating both static and dynamic nonlinear behavior of the PA to obtain a better identification performance. A comparison with common parallel configurations using linear estimation is performed, to highlight the benefits of using the preprocessing structure. Furthermore, a new nonlinear parallel structure using sub-band filtering techniques is also proposed. For the models extraction and comparison, four types of noise-free simulated data presenting different levels of nonlinearities and memory, as well as a measured signal obtained from a laboratory amplifier have been considered. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Int J RF and Microwave CAE, 2009.
The relationship between insomnia and health-related quality of life in patients with chronic illness.

OBJECTIVES To determine the association between insomnia and health-related quality of life (HRQOL) in patients with chronic illness after accounting for the effects of depression, anxiety, and medical comorbidities. STUDY DESIGN We used a cross-sectional analysis of Medical Outcomes Study (MOS) data. POPULATION The sample consisted of 3445 patients who completed a self-administered questionnaire and who were given a diagnosis of 1 or more of 5 chronic medical and psychiatric conditions by an MOS clinician. Patients were recruited from the offices of clinicians practicing family medicine, internal medicine, endocrinology, cardiology, and psychiatry in 3 US cities. OUTCOMES MEASURED Outcomes were sleep items, health-related quality of life as measured by the Medical Outcomes Study Short Form Health Survey (SF-36), chronic medical comorbidity, depression, and anxiety. Insomnia was defined as the complaint of difficulty initiating or maintaining sleep. RESULTS Insomnia was severe in 16% and mild in 34% of study patients. Patients with insomnia demonstrated significant global decrements in HRQOL. Differences between patients with mild insomnia versus no insomnia showed small to medium decrements across SF-36 subscales ranging from 4.1 to 9.3 points (on a scale of 0 to 100); the corresponding decrements for severe insomnia (versus no insomnia) ranged from 12.0 to 23.9 points. CONCLUSIONS Insomnia is independently associated with worsened HRQOL to almost the same extent as chronic conditions such as congestive heart failure and clinical depression.
POSSIBLE SITES OF ACTION OF THE RESPIRATORY STIMULANT EFFECT OF DOXAPRAM HYDROCHLORIDE.

Doxapram hydrochloride, 1-ethyl-4-(2-morpholinoethyl)-3,3-diphenyl-2-pyrrolidinone hydrochloride hydrate, has been shown to be a potent respiratory stimulant acting mainly through direct stimulation of central respiratory centers. Data have been presented which indicate that the compound produces a mild stimulation of carotid chemoreceptors. The compound also produces a peripheral stimulating effect due to stimulation of the aortic chemoreceptors and possibly other peripheral chemoreceptors. Doxapram also produced pressor responses through both central and peripheral mechanisms.
HerMES: deep number counts at 250 μm, 350 μm and 500 μm in the COSMOS and GOODS-N fields and the build-up of the cosmic infrared background

Aims. The Spectral and Photometric Imaging REceiver (SPIRE) onboard the Herschel space telescope has provided confusion limited maps of deep fields at 250 μm, 350 μm, and 500 μm, as part of the Herschel Multi-tiered Extragalactic Survey (HerMES). Unfortunately, due to confusion, only a small fraction of the cosmic infrared background (CIB) can be resolved into individually-detected sources. Our goal is to produce deep galaxy number counts and redshift distributions below the confusion limit at SPIRE wavelengths (~20 mJy), which we then use to place strong constraints on the origins of the cosmic infrared background and on models of galaxy evolution. Methods. We individually extracted the bright SPIRE sources (>20 mJy) in the COSMOS field with a method using the positions, the flux densities, and the redshifts of the 24 μm sources as a prior, and derived the number counts and redshift distributions of the bright SPIRE sources. For fainter SPIRE sources (<20 mJy), we reconstructed the number counts and the redshift distribution below the confusion limit using the deep 24 μm catalogs associated with photometric redshift and information provided by the stacking of these sources into the deep SPIRE maps of the GOODS-N and COSMOS fields. Finally, by integrating all these counts, we studied the contribution of the galaxies to the CIB as a function of their flux density and redshift. Results. Through stacking, we managed to reconstruct the source counts per redshift slice down to ~2 mJy in the three SPIRE bands, which lies about a factor 10 below the 5σ confusion limit. Our measurements place tight constraints on source population models. None of the pre-existing models are able to reproduce our results at better than 3-σ. Finally, we extrapolate our counts to zero flux density in order to derive an estimate of the total contribution of galaxies to the CIB, finding 10. 1_(-2.3)^(+2.6) nW m^(-2) sr^(-1), 6. 5_(-1.6)^(+1.7) nW m^(-2) sr^(-1), and 2. 8_(-0.8)^(+0.9) nW m^(-2) sr^(-1) at 250 μm, 350 μm, and 500 μm, respectively. These values agree well with FIRAS absolute measurements, suggesting our number counts and their extrapolation are sufficient to explain the CIB. We find that half of the CIB is emitted at z = 1.04, 1.20, and 1.25, respectively. Finally, combining our results with other works, we estimate the energy budget contained in the CIB between 8 μm and 1000 μm: 26_(-3)^(+7) nW m^(-2) sr^(-1).
G‐CSF‐mobilized CD34+ peripheral blood stem cells are significantly less apoptotic than unstimulated peripheral blood CD34+ cells: role of G‐CSF as survival factor

The mechanism of release of CD34+ cells into the peripheral blood (PB) after mobilization treatment with chemotherapy and/or growth factors is not clearly understood. Growth factors may induce increased proliferation and self renewal within the stem cell compartment. It is possible that they alter adhesion molecule profiles or other progenitor:stroma interactions, to allow release of these cells into the periphery. However, CD34+ cells are present in the PB under steady‐state conditions, albeit in low number. Growth factors such as granulocyte colony‐stimulating factor (G‐CSF) may promote the survival of CD34+ cells in the PB by suppressing apoptosis. In order to test this hypothesis, we have quantitated apoptotic cells in the CD34+ fraction of peripheral blood stem cell (PBSC) collections, using two‐colour flow cytometry, after staining with anti‐CD34 antibody and the fluorescent DNA binding agent, 7‐amino actinomycin D (7AAD). 7AAD differentially stains live, apoptotic and dead cells, due to the altered accessibility of DNA in each subpopulation.
Probabilistic choice models in health-state valuation research: background, theories, assumptions and applications

Interest is rising in measuring subjective health outcomes, such as treatment outcomes that are not directly quantifiable (functional disability, symptoms, complaints, side effects and health-related quality of life). Health economists in particular have applied probabilistic choice models in the area of health evaluation. They increasingly use discrete choice models based on random utility theory to derive values for healthcare goods or services. Recent attempts have been made to use discrete choice models as an alternative method to derive values for health states. In this article, various probabilistic choice models are described according to their underlying theory. A historical overview traces their development and applications in diverse fields. The discussion highlights some theoretical and technical aspects of the choice models and their similarity and dissimilarity. The objective of the article is to elucidate the position of each model and their applications for health-state valuation.
BIOLOGICAL THERAPY OF PSORIASIS

The treatment of psoriasis has undergone a revolution with the advent of biologic therapies, including infliximab, etanercept, adalimumab, efalizumab, and alefacept. These medications are designed to target specific components of the immune system and are a major technological advancement over traditional immunosuppressive medications. These usually being well tolerated are being found useful in a growing number of immune-mediated diseases, psoriasis being just one example. The newest biologic, ustekinumab, is directed against the p40 subunit of the IL-12 and IL-23 cytokines. It has provided a new avenue of therapy for an array of T-cell-mediated diseases. Biologics are generally safe; however, there has been concern over the risk of lymphoma with use of these agents. All anti-TNF-α agents have been associated with a variety of serious and “routine” opportunistic infections.
Autenticação biometrica via teclado numerico baseada na dinamica da digitação : experimentos e resultados

Este trabalho apresenta uma nova abordagem para autenticacao biometrica de usuarios baseada em seu ritmo de digitacao em teclados numericos. A metodologia proposta e de baixo custo, naointrusiva e pode ser aplicada tanto a um mecanismo de login em controle de acesso a areas restritas como na melhoria do nivel de seguranca em transacoes bancarias. Inicialmente, o usuario indica a conta a ser acessada por meio de uma cadeia de caracteres digitada que e monitorada em tempo real pelo sistema. Simultaneamente, sao capturados os tempos de pressionamento e soltura das teclas. Quatro caracteristicas sao extraidas do sinal: Codigo ASCII (American Standard Code for lnformation lnterchange) da tecla, duas latencias e uma duracao associada com a tecla. Alguns experimentos foram feitos usando amostras reais de usuarios autenticos e impostores e um classificador de padroes baseado na estimacao da maxima verossimilhanca. Alguns aspectos experimentais foram analisados para verificar os seus impactos nos resultados. Estes aspectos sao as caracteristicas extraidas do sinal, a informacao alvo, o conjunto de treinamento usado na obtencao dos modelos dos usuarios, a precisao do tempo de captura das entradas, o mecanismo de adaptacao do modelo e, finalmente, a tecnica de obtencao do limiar otimo para cada usuario. Esta nova abordagem traz melhorias ao processo de autenticacao pois permite que a senha nao seja mais segredo, assim como oferece uma opcao para autenticacao biometrica em dispositivos moveis, como celulares Abstract
Distributed generation power system modeling in nonlinear Hamiltonian form

Distributed generation has dramatically changed the structure of modern power systems. In this structure, power electronic devices are extensively used providing the possibility of new control strategies in the distribution network. To implement these strategies, a complete dynamic analysis of the distributed generation system is needed. In this paper, exploiting a common feature of almost all the distributed generation components that is their individual modeling in Hamiltonian form, we propose a systematic methodology of obtaining the complete distributed generation system model. Furthermore, we show that this model is also in Hamiltonian form with certain damping properties that can be effectively used for stable control designs. As an example, a particular distributed generation system that includes wind and photovoltaic generations is modeled and simulated.
Electrical Conductivity and Electromagnetic Shielding Effectiveness of Silicone Rubber Filled with Ferrite and Graphite Powders

There is increasing interest in electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding due to the serious electromagnetic environment pollution caused by the continuously increased use of the electrical products and electronic devices. Electrical conductivity and EMI shielding efiectiveness (SE) of composite materials made from silicone rubber with carbon powder and ferrite powder have been studied in microwaves and terahertz frequency ranges and the results are presented in this paper. In microwaves range, samples with higher electrical conductivity show a small variation of shielding performance with frequency, whereas the performance of samples with lower conductivity falls away with increasing frequency. It is shown that the variation of attenuation with frequency relates to the conductivity of the material.
Gammadelta T Cells: Innately Adaptive Immune Cells?

T cells employ a cell surface heterodimeric molecule, the T cell receptor (TCR), to recognize specific antigens (Ags) presented by major histocompatibility complex (MHC) molecules and carry out adaptive immune responses. Most T cells possess a TCR with an α and a β chain. However, a TCR constituted by a γ and a δ chain has been described, defining a novel subset of T cells. γδ TCRs specific for a wide variety of ligands, including bacterial phosphoantigens, nonclassical MHC-I molecules and unprocessed proteins, have been found, greatly expanding the horizons of T cell immune recognition. This review aims to provide background in γδ T cell history and function in mouse and man, as well as to provide a critical view of some of the latest developments on this still enigmatic class of immune cells.
ANALYSIS OF SHORTEST PATH PACKET TRACING OF ROUTERS

In this paper, the shortest path in a packet switched network has been analyzed. A router receives a packet from a network and passes it to another network calculating the shortest path. However, the packets of a network use different routing protocols. A routing protocol is a combination of rules and procedures that lets routers informs each other of changes. It allows routers to share whatever they know about their neighborhood. Routing protocols are used to continuously update the routing tables that are consulted for forwarding and routing. The primary contribution of this paper is a simulation method of displaying the packet traces which finds the shortest path to route the packet through its destination. The simulation has been done by using Packet Tracer 4.01 software that allows us to stop time in our network and examine traffic in detail.
Novel Translational Control in Arc-dependent Long Term Potentiation Consolidation in Vivo*

Regulation of translation factor activity plays a major role in protein synthesis-dependent forms of synaptic plasticity. We examined translational control across the critical period of Arc synthesis underlying consolidation of long term potentiation (LTP) in the dentate gyrus of intact, anesthetized rats. LTP induction by high frequency stimulation (HFS) evoked phosphorylation of the cap-binding protein eukaryotic initiation factor 4E (eIF4E) and dephosphorylation of eIF2α on a protracted time course matching the time-window of Arc translation. Local infusion of the ERK inhibitor U0126 inhibited LTP maintenance and Arc protein expression, blocked changes in eIF4E and eIF2α phosphorylation state, and prevented initiation complex (eIF4F) formation. Surprisingly, inhibition of the mTOR protein complex 1 (mTORC1) with rapamycin did not impair LTP maintenance or Arc synthesis nor did it inhibit eIF4F formation or phosphorylation of eIF4E. Rapamycin nonetheless blocked mTOR signaling to p70 S6 kinase and ribosomal protein S6 and inhibited synthesis of components of the translational machinery. Using immunohistochemistry and in situ hybridization, we show that Arc protein expression depends on dual, ERK-dependent transcription and translation. Arc translation is selectively blocked by pharmacological inhibition of mitogen-activated protein kinase-interacting kinase (MNK), the kinase coupling ERK to eIF4E phosphorylation. Furthermore, MNK signaling was required for eIF4F formation. These results support a dominant role for ERK-MNK signaling in control of translational initiation and Arc synthesis during LTP consolidation in the dentate gyrus. In contrast, mTORC1 signaling is activated but nonessential for Arc synthesis and LTP. The work, thus, identifies translational control mechanisms uniquely tuned to Arc-dependent LTP consolidation in live rats.
Magnetic resonance imaging and safety aspects

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is a technique that uses a magnetic field and radio waves to create detailed images of the organs and tissues within your body. MRI is safe, but if something goes wrong, it can go very wrong. Most reported cases of MRI-related injuries and the few fatalities that have occurred have apparently been the result of failure to follow safety guidelines or of use of inappropriate or outdated information related to the safety aspects of biomedical implants and devices. To prevent accidents in the MRI environment, therefore, it is necessary to revise information on biologic effects and safety according to changes that have occurred in MRI technology and with regard to current guidelines for biomedical implants and devices. This review provides an overview of and update on MRI biologic effects, discusses new or controversial MRI safety topics and issues, and presents evidence-based guidelines to ensure safety for patients and staff.
Using Non-Sentences: An Application of Relevance Theory

Michael Dummett has nicely expressed a rather widespread doctrine about the primacy of sentences. He writes: "you cannot DO anything with a word — cannot effect any conventional (linguistic) act by uttering it — save by uttering some sentence containing that word . ". In this paper we argue that this doctrine is mistaken: it is not only sentences, but also ordinary words and phrases which can be used in isolation. The argument involves two steps. First: we show — using Sperber and Wilson's relevance theory — that an utterance of "John's father" could COMMUNICATE a proposition. Second: we point out that, in this context, this proposition would be asserted rather than merely implicated. Because there is nothing importantly idiosyncratic about the phrase "John's father", we infer that words and phrases generally can be used in isolation to make assertions.
Time-dependent density functional theory on a lattice

A time-dependent density functional theory (TDDFT) for a quantum many-body system on a lattice is formulated rigorously. We prove the uniqueness of the density-to-potential mapping and demonstrate that a given density is $v$-representable if the initial many-body state and the density satisfy certain well defined conditions. In particular, we show that for a system evolving from its ground state any density with a continuous second time derivative is $v$-representable and therefore the lattice TDDFT is guaranteed to exist. The TDDFT existence and uniqueness theorem is valid for any connected lattice, independently of its size, geometry and/or spatial dimensionality. The general statements of the existence theorem are illustrated on a pedagogical exactly solvable example which displays all details and subtleties of the proof in a transparent form. In conclusion we briefly discuss remaining open problems and directions for a future research.
Internet Protocols for Multimedia Communications: Part II: Resource Reservation, Transport, and Application Protocols

Part I (ibid., July-Oct. 1997) surveyed the evolution of Internet protocols and applications and described the Internet protocol IPv6 in detail. This part discusses new developments at the upper layers that support real-time Internet multimedia, such as audio and video conferencing and shared whiteboard applications. Application-level framing (ALF), proposed in 1990 for protocol and application design, now forms the basis for many new Internet protocols and applications, including Real-time Transport Protocol (RTP) and Mbone multimedia applications. RTP supports real-time applications that adapt to changing network situations to maintain the quality of service (QoS). The Resource Reservation Protocol (RSVP) provides new Internet services with higher quality than best-effort by means of resource reservations.
Brought in by force: AMPK, TBC1D1, and contraction-stimulated glucose transport in skeletal muscle.

transient intracellular calcium oscillations were the first signaling mediator described to regulate contraction-stimulated glucose transport in skeletal muscle ([6][1]). Thirty years later, the discoveries, that 5′-AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) activator 5-aminoimidazole-4-carboxamide 1-β-
An Ontology-based Approach to the Modelling of Collaborative Enterprise Processes - Dynamic Managing of Functional Requirements

Enterprise models describe and analyze collaborative processes and provide stakeholders with a common view of requirements. A core challenge to tackle the management of collaborative business processes is the continuous translation between business requirements and the current collaborative process model of the involved enterprises. This model is constituted by multiple IT systems, resources, and human labour. This paper presents a novel approach to modelling business processes from the perspective of collaborative systems. The proposal consists of a multi-level design scheme based on ontologies for the description of complex collaborative systems. The use of this ontology-based framework enables machine reasoning which can be applied to automated or semi-automated control and propagation of changes in the functional requirements specification. Benefits related to integrating ontology-based models are also presented.
Reference tree networks: virtual machine and implementation

Abstract : A current-technology computing machine may be roughly decomposed into a processor, a memory, and a data path connecting them. The interposition of this data path between processing and storage elements creates a bottleneck, which inhibits progress at the high-performance end of the technological spectrum. Additionally, the monolithic nature of present-day processors resists incremental addition or removal of processing power. The research described here attacks the problem of constructing more powerful and more flexible computer systems along three fronts: the definition of a virtual machine providing for parallel computation using objects and object references, the development of a distributed implementation mechanism ('reference trees') supporting object management functions including garbage collection, and the investigation of scheduling algorithms and collection of performance results. A reference tree network using theses concepts is composed of a multiple of independent small processors, yet operates as a coherent programming system. Programs and data spread automatically and transparently through the network to occupy underused resources. The modular structure of the network provides many parallel data paths as well as allowing for easy addition or removal of modules, thus addressing some of the problems discussed here. A prototype reference tree network, the MuNer, is currently in operation. (Author)