Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Comparison of nutrient intakes by nutritional anemia and the association between nutritional anemia and chronic diseases in Korean elderly: Based on the 2013–2015 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey Data

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES The elderly are reported to have a high prevalence of nutritional anemia when they have lower intakes of nutrients or chronic diseases. This study was conducted to compare nutritional status according to nutritional anemia and to determine associations between nutritional anemia and chronic diseases in Korean elderly. MATERIALS/METHODS This study utilized data on 3,258 elderly aged ≥ 65 years gathered during the 6th Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2013–2015. Subjects were divided into nutritional anemia (NA) group (n = 415) and non-NA group (n = 2,843) by hemoglobin concentration. Nutrient intakes were assessed using dietary intake data obtained using the 24-hour recall method. The odds ratios (ORs) for nutritional anemia by chronic diseases were determined. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS Ver. 23.0. RESULTS Of 3,258 subjects, 12.7% had nutritional anemia. Intakes of potatoes, pulses, and mushrooms by males and potatoes, fruits, meats, eggs, and seafood by females were significantly lower in NA group than in non-NA group. The proportion of the subjects whose intakes of protein, vitamin A, vitamin B1, vitamin B2, niacin, and iron less than estimated average requirement (EAR) were significantly higher in NA group compared to non-NA group. After adjusting for age, the number of family members, energy intake, and alcohol drinking, ORs for nutritional anemia in the subjects with diabetes and myocardial infarction or angina pectoris were significantly higher by 1.74 times and 1.59 times as compared to the subjects without those diseases, respectively. However, ORs for nutritional anemia in the subjects with obesity, abdominal obesity, and hypertriglyceridemia were significantly lower by 0.64 times, 0.60 times, and 0.59 times as compared to the subjects without those diseases, respectively. CONCLUSIONS The results of this study suggested that nutritional management should be done to enable the Korean elderly to consume foods with high hematopoietic nutrients density to prevent nutritional anemia. Korean elderly need to make regular efforts to check for nutritional anemia.
Mechanistic Evaluation of Siplizumab (MEDI-507) Activity on Normal and Malignant T-Lymphocytes.

Siplizumab is a humanized monoclonal antibody that selectively binds human CD2 (huCD2), which is expressed on virtually all cells of the T- or NK-cell lineage. Also, known as MEDI-507, siplizumab is being developed as a potential new treatment for lymphoid malignancies involving T- or NK-cells. Our present study was designed to increase further the mechanistic understanding of siplizumab activity. Preclinical studies demonstrated that siplizumab mediated efficient lysis of malignant T-cells in a concentration-dependent and effector-to-target cell ratio-dependent manner. ADCC contributed prominently to tumor cell clearance whereas complement-mediated killing (CDC) did not. Siplizumab treatment alone was sufficient to trigger limited internalization of its target antigen (CD2) from the surface of tumor cells. Moreover, the efficiency of CD2 internalization was increased when such studies were carried out in the presence of an activated monocyte cell line (THP-1) bearing Fcg receptors and incapable of mediating ADCC, and suggested that CD2 clearance from the cell surface can be distinguished from host effector mechanisms. CD2 has been long known to confer both inhibitory and stimulatory signals and we reasoned that target internalization might disrupt survival signals independent of host effector activity. Consistent with this concept, siplizumab treatment in the absence of effector cells transduced apoptotic signals as indicated by multiple standard markers of tumor cell apoptosis , including activation of caspase 3 activity and an increase in tumor cells with a sub-G1 DNA content. In addition, the use of transgenic mouse models demonstrated that intravenous administration of siplizumab caused a rapid (≤ 24 hours) but transient reduction in the number of peripheral huCD2-positive T-cells. The number of T-cells gradually recovered to normal levels within 30 days of treatment. In contrast, siplizumab treatment did not alter the number of CD19-positive B-cells. These results indicate that siplizumab can utilize host effector mechanisms (ADCC) to facilitate malignant T-cell elimination. Our present findings also suggest that siplizumab can mediate changes in CD2 expression or function that result in apoptosis of CD2-positive tumor cells. In light of this potent anti-tumor activity, two Phase I dose escalation trials (MI-CP099 and MI-CP107) are ongoing to assess the maximum tolerated dose and safety of siplizumab in patients with CD2-positive T- and NK-cell malignancies.
Avaliação algimétrica e sinérgica em cães tratados pela levomepromazina, induzidos pelo tiopental e mantidos pelo sevofluorano, pré-tratados ou não pelo butorfanol

The aim of this study was to evaluate the synergism of butorphanol by thermal and mechanical stimulus, by evaluation of cardiovascular, respiratory and hemogasometric parameters, bispectral index (BIS), recovery time and post-anesthetic analgesia. After approved for the Institution Animal Ethics Commission, thirty dogs considered healthy, were allocated in three groups of 10 each. The animals in GI were premedicated with levomepromazine (0,5 mg/kg), induced by thiopental (12,5 mg/kg) and anesthesia was maintained with sevoflurane during 60 min. The same protocol was accomplished in GII and GIII with butorphanol (0,2 mg/ kg) associated to levomepromazine, and in GIII the dose of thiopental was sufficient to abolish protector reflex and ensure endotracheal intubation. The dose induction of thiopental in GIII was 7,04 mg/kg. Tachycardia was not observed after intubation in GII and GIII, while during anesthetic maintenance the heart rate were inferior than GI, and in spite of hypotension, the blood pressures were more stable. The Fe sevo was 2,05% for GI, 1,48% for GII and 1,68% for GIII. The BIS values were inferior in GI. There were no significative differences among respiratory, hemogasometric and recovery parameters. Time to response interdigital mechanical and thermal nociceptive stimulus, were longer in animal treated with butorphanol (GII 74min. and 49min.; GIII 59min. and 42min.). It is concluded that, butorphanol provides cardiovascular, respiratory and hemogasometric stability, with adequate analgesia in post-anesthetic period. In spite of reduce hypnotic component revealed by the BIS, it improved the quality of anesthesia, by decreasing thiopental and sevoflurane consumption, providing analgesia in the anesthetic recovery, no influence the same.
Mechanism of ghrelin in improving cardiac function by inhibiting endoplasmic reticulum stress in rats with acute myocardial infarctio

Objective To establish the rat model of acute myocardial infarction (AMI), and to explore the mechanism of ghrelin in improving cardiac function through inhibiting endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS). Methods AMI model was reproduced in 18 adult male Sprague-Dawley rats (220±20g) by ligation of the left anterior descending coronary artery. Four days after the reproduction of the model, 14 survived rats with AMI were randomly divided into two groups (7 each): model group, animals were subcutaneously (sc) injected with normal saline only; treatment group, animals were given ghrelin (100μg/kg) twice a day (12h interval) for two weeks. In addition, a sham-operated group was set up (Sham operation+saline, n=8). Two weeks later, the cardiac function was examined by echocardiography (UCG), the morphological changes in myocardial tissue were observed with hematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining, the levels of LDH and CK-MB were determined by ELISA, and the expressions of glucose-regulated protein 78 (GRP-78) and C/EBP homologous protein (CHOP) were assessed by Western blotting. Results AMI model was successfully reproduced in SD rats. Compared with the rats in sham group, those in model group showed poor cardiac function (P < 0.05), HE staining revealed loosening of tissue and edema, ELISA revealed elevation of serum LDH and CK-MB levels (P < 0.05), and up regulation of expressions of GRP-78 and CHOP protein (P < 0.05). While compared with model group, rats in treatment group showed better cardiac function (P < 0.05), tissue loosening and edema were alleviated, the levels of serum LDH and CK-MB lowered (P < 0.05), and inhibition of the expressions of GRP-78 and CHOP protein (P < 0.05). Conclusion Ghrelin may improve the cardiac function by in hibiting ERS, thus ameliorating the myocardial damage caused by AMI.
Pathophysiological mechanisms of non-motor features and their role on the pathogenic process in Parkinson's disease

7 Impact statement . 9 Publications related to this thesis . 11 Other publications during the degree period . 13 Collaborative work . 15 List of abbreviations . 17 Table of contents . 19 List of tables . 25 List of figures . 27 Chapter 1. Non-motor features in Parkinson’s disease. 29 1.1 The clinical relevance. 32 1.2 Pathophysiological implications of non-motor features. 35 1.3 The evolving concept of Parkinson’s disease and other unanswered questions. 38 Section I: Pathophysiological mechanisms of non-motor features in Parkinson’s disease . 41 Chapter 2. Hypothalamic dysfunction in Parkinson’s disease: a clinicopathological study of the hypothalamus. 43 2.
Animal Models of Cardiomyopathies

Cardiomyopathies are a heterogeneous group of disorders of heart muscle that ultimately result in congestive heart failure (CHF). Rapid progress in genetics as well as in molecular and cellular biology over the past three decades has greatly improved the understanding of pathogenic signaling pathways in inherited cardiomyopathies. This chapter will focus on animal models of different clinical forms of human cardiomyopathies with their summaries of triggered key molecules, and signaling pathways will be described.
Molecular Mechanisms of Circulating Tumor Cell Adhesion in Breast Cancer Metastasis

SHIRURE, VENKTESH S. , Ph.D., May 2013, Chemical Engineering Molecular Mechanisms of Circulating Tumor Cell Adhesion in Breast Cancer Metastasis Director of Dissertation: Monica M. Burdick During hematogenous metastasis, tumor cells dissociate from a primary tumor, migrate through the tissue space, and enter the circulatory system. The circulating tumor cells (CTCs), once bloodborne, travel to distant sites, where they adhere to the endothelial cells lining the vessel wall, potentially extravasate, and form secondary tumors if directed by niche factors. Determining the mechanisms of each of these steps can provide insights into novel diagnostics and therapeutics for cancer. Of particular interest is elucidating the molecular mechanisms by which metastatic cells adhere to the endothelium while resisting the disruptive shear exerted by the blood flow. We hypothesized that breast cancer cell adhesion is mediated by interaction of endothelial Eselectin with its counter-receptor(s) expressed on breast cancer cells. This hypothesis was tested by using a variety of specialized biochemical techniques and tumor cell/endothelial cell adhesion assays. It was found that breast cancer cells express gangliosides (sialylated lipids), a novel glycoprotein ligand known as Mac-2BP, and CD44 molecules that are functional E-selectin ligands under physiological flow conditions. Further efforts were made to find whether E-selectin ligand activity is related with breast cancer stemlike cells (BCSCs), which are the subset of tumor cells thought to possess properties necessary to maintain and grow tumor mass. For this purpose, breast cancer cell lines which were BCSCs and non-BCSCs were analyzed for E-selectin ligand activity.
Long-Term Results in Patients with Acute Myeloid Leukemia (AML): The Influence of High-Dose AraC, G-CSF Priming, Autologous Transplantation, Prolonged Maintenance, Age, History, Cytogenetics, and Mutation Status. Data of the AMLCG 1999 Trial.

Abstract 485 In order to assess the relative value of major treatment variables for AML and subgroups in a representative setting 2693 patients were treated in a multicenter trial. To avoid a selection during treatment and to provide intention-to-treat conditions in a factorial design patients were randomized up-front in one step to receive TAD-HAM versus HAM-HAM induction, G-CSF priming with all chemotherapy courses during the 1st year versus no G-CSF, and for postremission therapy TAD consolidation followed by monthly myelosuppressive maintenance versus autologous stem cell transplantation instead of maintenance (TAD, thioguanine, araC standard dose and daunorubicin; HAM, araC 3 (age Conclusion: In a prospective analysis of representative and unselected patients with AML the outcome of therapy is mainly determined by chromosomal and molecular abnormalities and by older age as an own risk factor. The influence of treatment variables such as substantial increase in high-dose araC, G-CSF priming, or autologous SCT is neglectable. Present data may contribute a basis for novel molecular and immunologic approaches. Disclosures: No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.
Retention Appliances -A Review

In Orthodontics the stability of the achieved result remains a fundamental issue of concern and debate. Usually a retention phase is required after active Orthodontic tooth movement to hold teeth in its ideal aesthetic and functional relation and prevent the teeth to return to their former position. Keeping in mind the importance of Retention in orthodontic treatment, this article makes an attempt to refresh our knowledge on retainers by exploring the literature.
Habit Breaking Appliance For Tongue Thrusting - A Modification

Tongue thrust, otherwise known as an infantile or reverse swallow pattern, refers to a swallowing movement where the tongue moves forward to approximate the lower lip. Amongst fixed habit breaking appliances for tongue thrust, crib is the most popular appliance. Invariably after few weeks of fixation of this appliance, due to biting forces in the anterior region the whole appliances sinks superiorly and either impinges on mucosa or gets submerged under it. A modification of the tongue crib has been suggested to overcome this problem.
Effect of Benson's Relaxation Technique on Night Pain and Sleep Quality among Adults and Elderly Patients Undergoing Joints Replacement Surgery

ABSTRACTSleep is a basic need as much as food and water, which are necessary for human survival. Sleep is a periodic, reversible state of cognitive and sensory disengagement from the external environment with a complex physiologic and behavioral process essential for rest, repair, wellbeing, and survival. The aim of the current study was to evaluate the effect of Benson's relaxation technique on night pain and sleep quality among adults and elderly patients undergoing joints replacement surgery. A Quasi experimental design was utilized. Setting: The current study was conducted at orthopedic department of Menoufia university hospital. Subjects: A purposive sample of 100 patients with knee or hip replacement who agree to participate in the study. Tools: 1. Structured interviewing questionnaire which consists of socio-demographic data and medical history. 2. The Short Form McGill Pain Questionnaire (SF-MPQ). 3. The Groningen Sleep Quality Scale (GSQS). The main result of this study showed that there was an improvement in the pain scores experienced by subjects in the study group than subjects in control group after intervention. Additionally, there was a statistically significant relation between pain score of studied sample and their age. Â Conclusion: Benson's relaxation technique had a positive effect in reducing postoperative pain and improving sleep quality among adults and elderly patients undergoing joints replacement surgeries. Recommendation: Patient's education about relaxation therapy should be implemented with all surgical patients to help in promoting patient's comfort and enhancing tissue healing.Key words: Â Benson's Relaxation Technique, Pain, Quality of Sleep, Joints Replacement
A differential bladder microbiota composition is associated with tumour grade in bladder cancer

Abstract Background Microbiota has been linked to the development of multiple cancers through various mechanisms. In bladder cancer (BC), preliminary studies have found alterations in the urinary microbiota of patients with urothelial carcinoma in comparison with healthy individuals. However, the bladder microbiota (BMi) has not been explored. The aims of this study were to characterize the BMi in a cohort of BC patients, to explore differences in the BMi composition between tumor (T) and normal (N) mucosa, and to identify its correlation with clinicopathologic features. Methods A total of 58 samples obtained by cystectomy from 32 BC patients (frozen tumor tissues and normal appearing mucosa for 26 patients and 6 tumor tissues) from Hospital General de Elche Biobank (Spain) were included. DNAs isolated from bladder samples were used to perform 16S rRNA gene sequencing (V3 and V4 region). A paired-end 2 × 300 bp cycle run on Illumina MiSeq. Ribosomal Database Project Classifier was used for taxonomical assignment. Statistical analysis was performed using Rstudio platform. Groups of data were compared using Wilcoxon test and Mann Whitney test for 26T vs 26N (paired group) and 32T vs 26N (unpaired group), respectively. Results There were no statistically significant differences of diversity between T and N, but there were differences of richness between T and N at the genus level (Chao1 index, p = 0.049). Globally, the most abundant phylum was Firmicutes, followed by Bacteroidetes, Proteobacteria and Actinobacteria. We found that the microbial composition differed significantly between T and N in both groups. At the phylum level, while Cyanobacteria.Chloroplast (0.74% vs 2.44%; p = 0.025) was enriched in T, Actinobacteria were reduced in T. Principal component analysis based on the relative abundance of phylum (36.9% PC1 and 28.7% PC2 of explained variance) revealed a significant separation in bacterial community composition between tumor tissues associated with histological tumor grade (permanova grade =0.036). Conclusions Significant differences in the BMi composition associated with tumor grade were observed. Additional studies are needed to determine the role of BMi in the evolution of BC and its therapeutic implications. Legal entity responsible for the study The authors. Funding Has not received any funding. Disclosure All authors have declared no conflicts of interest.
Health Technology Assessment of Multiplex Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction Screening for Translocations at Diagnosis in Acute Myeloid Leukaemia

It is predicted that gene diagnostics will become fundamental for future individualised treatment strategies in cancer patients following initial technological investigations and a step-by-step clinical validation. This report is a health technology assessment (HTA) of the use of a novel gene diagnostic assay in acute myeloid leukaemia (AML) with a focus on the technology, the patient, the organisation and economic aspects. In 202 patients with AML, a diagnostic bone marrow or a peripheral blood sample was available for gene analysis, identifying favourable risk translocations by a commercial (HemaVision®) multiplex reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) screening assay covering 28 fusion transcripts. The multiplex RT-PCR technology identified five fusion transcripts in five samples not identified by conventional cytogenetics and increased the number of patients identified as having a favourable prognosis from 16 to 21; one translocation identified by cytogenetics was not found by RT-PCR analysis. Using a prospective questionnaire analysis, a convincing 95% (19/20) patient acceptance was documented for the diagnostic genetic analyses and the outcomes. However, patient understanding requires individual time and dialogue, in accordance with patient rights and modern individualised treatment strategies. The implementation of this strategy may benefit from already existing research laboratories forming a homogenous organisation using standardised technologies, which will make Denmark a high-quality partner in international clinical trials of new therapeutic strategies. The average economic cost per patient analysed using this technique is €600, which represents a modest <1% increase in the total average cost of €75,000 for AML treatment. In conclusion, this HTA documented that the technology complements classic fluorescence in situ hybridisation (FISH) and provides additional information that can be used in response evaluation via already existing laboratories, but not without an increase in expense for health authorities. However, the increase in cost is limited compared with the costs of therapy and new drugs.
Cannabinoid Hyperemesis Syndrome in Pregnancy: A Case Report and Treatment Overview

Cannabinoid hyperemesis syndrome (CHS) is characterized by cyclical vomiting, frequent hot water bathing, and chronic cannabis use. Missed diagnosis, especially in pregnancy, may delay treatment and prolong extensive medical assessments. Conventional antiemetics used to control vomiting illnesses are typically ineffective in CHS and pharmacological treatment may be limited due to concern for harm to the fetus during pregnancy. This case report describes a 19-year-old African American female at twenty weeks gestation with CHS. Successful symptom relief was obtained with diphenhydramine, haloperidol, and dronabinol. A literature search identified five case reports regarding cannabinoid hyperemesis syndrome in pregnancy. This case report highlights the importance of recognizing common characteristics of CHS especially in pregnant women with a history of cannabis use. Additionally, the purpose of this article is to review the current literature available for the treatment of CHS and expand recognition of CHS as an increasingly prevalent condition.
Prevalence of the chronic renal insufficiency by means of the Cockcroft-Gault and Diet modification in the renal disease formulas. Matanzas. 2010

Fundament: the chronic renal insufficiency is the gradual, progressive and irreversible lost of the renal functions. The Cockcroft-Gault and the Diet Modification in the renal disease formulas are the most used ones for its diagnosis. In Matanzas they had been used in population studies. Objectives: calculating the prevalence of the chronic renal insufficiency in the municipality of Matanzas and comparing both formulas. Methods: we carried out a cross-sectional descriptive research. The sample was composed by 2 326 persons. The used variables were age, genre, weight, size, skin color, and serum creatinine. We used the confidence intervals of 95 % to compare the prevalence of both methods. Results: the prevalence was 6,4 per 100 people for the Cockcroft-Gault, and 5,0 for the Diet Modification in the Renal Disease. There it was a direct increase in relation with age; the female genre was the most affected, and also the white skin color. There were not significant differences between the data of both methods in the analysis of these variables. The average of the glomerular filtrate was higher by means of the Cockcroft-Gault. Also the prevalence in the 65-74 age group and in the persons with healthy weight was higher for this equation. Conclusions: we consider that both methods are valid for calculating the glomerular filtrate and therefore for the diagnosis of the chronic renal insufficiency, because of its easiness and low cost, when working with big population groups.