Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Review of Research on Female Physical and Psychological Aggression

Several studies conducted on female aggression (physical and psychological) are the primary concern of the review done in this paper. This article contains three parts - the first part focuses on the findings which show that the rate of aggression for male and female are equal, while the second part focuses on the research that reveal the rate of physical aggression is higher in women than men. The third part concerns on studies which have shown higher level of psychological aggression in women compared to men. According to the existing literatures, the rate of female aggression is equal to those of men, and in some studies, the rates of physical and psychological aggression among women are found to be higher than among men. Thus, it is concluded that the rate of women aggression is not lower than men, but it is either equal to or higher than men.
EXPLORING THE INFLUENCE OF THE PATTERNS OF MOBILE INTERNET USE ON UNIVERSITY STUDENTS’ NOMOPHOBIA LEVELS

The purpose of this study is to examine the supposed effects of the duration of the mobile internet ownership in terms of years, the duration of daily mobile internet use and monthly mobile internet quota variables on the nomophobia levels of University students. The study group consists of a total of 645 students, of whom are 429 female and 216 male, who are studying in different departments and come from different age groups. The Nomophobia Scale (NMP-Q) was used to determine the effect of variables on the nomophobia of university students. One-way ANOVA, simple and multiple regression analysis technique were used in the analysis of the data. Findings of the study showed that there was no significant difference between the duration of smartphone ownership and the level of nomophobia among college students, whereas the level of nomophobia was higher among the students who check the smartphone more frequently than during the day. Furthermore, according to the results of multiple regression analysis, variables such as duration of mobile internet ownership in terms of years, duration of daily mobile internet use and GSM mobile internet quota are predictive of the nomophobia prevalence of university students. Among these three variables, it is determined that the most predictive level of nomophobia is the daily mobile internet use. Article visualizations:
Analysis and control of heteroazeotropic batch distillation

Separation of azeotropic mixtures is of great industrial importance and distillation is the dominating unit operation for such separations. However, the presence of azeotropes and non-idealities in the phase behaviour of such mixtures complicates the separation. In the pharmaceutical and fine/specialty chemical industry, the small-scale production and the requirement for flexibility indicates batch distillation as the best suited process. Among, various techniques to enhance distillation, heterogeneous azeotropic (heteroazeotropic) distillation is a very powerful and widely used one. Thus, there is a need for deeper understanding of the complex behaviour of the separation of heteroazeotropic mixtures in batch distillation columns.This thesis is concerned with feasibility and operation aspects of heteroazeotropic distillation in different batch column configurations. Both conventional batch columns (rectifiers) and novel configurations (multivessel columns), with and without vapour bypass, are considered. The focus is on closed operations, without product removal. Batch time requirements for operation in all columns are provided for both zeotropic and heteroazeotropic mixtures. The advantages and drawbacks of each configuration are discussed and compared based on dynamic simulations. The configuration of the vapour stream in the middle vessel has an important effect on the time requirements of the process. Later on, a detailed analysis of the process is provided and previous published work concerning different operation modes and separation strategies is put under the right perspective. Simple control schemes are proposed for the practical operation of the columns and the realisation of the desired steady state results. The thesis ends with a detailed feasibility study of the process. The possibilities and limitations raised by different operational modes and separation strategies are illustrated. Simple feasibility conditions and entrainer selection rules are formulated that allow someone to investigate feasibility of the process in a systematic and comprehensive manner.
Antibody-Secreting Cell Responses to Rotavirus Proteins in Gnotobiotic Pigs Inoculated with Attenuated or Virulent Human Rotavirus

ABSTRACT Because of their similarities to infants in mucosal immune responses and their susceptibility to human rotavirus (HRV) diarrhea, gnotobiotic pigs provide a useful model for rotaviral disease. In this study, we performed quantitative enzyme-linked immunospot (ELISPOT) assays to measure local and systemic isotype-specific antibody-secreting cell (ASC) responses to individual structural (VP4, VP6, and VP7) and nonstructural (NSP3 and NSP4) proteins of Wa HRV. TheSpodoptera frugiperda cells expressing each recombinant baculovirus HRV protein were formalin fixed and used as antigen for ELISPOT assays. Neonatal gnotobiotic pigs were orally inoculated once with virulent Wa (WaV) or three times with attenuated Wa (WaA) HRV or mock inoculated (Mock) and then were challenged with virulent Wa (WaV/PC) 28 days after the first inoculation. The ASCs from intestinal and systemic lymphoid tissues of pigs from each group were quantitated by ELISPOT assay at the day of challenge, at postinoculation day 28 (WaV, WaA, and Mock) or at postchallenge day (PCD) 7 (WaV+WaV/PC, WaA+WaV/PC, and Mock+WaV/PC). In all virus-inoculated pigs, regardless of the inoculum, lymphoid tissue, or isotype, VP6 induced the highest numbers of ASCs, followed by VP4; ASCs specific for VP7, NSP3, and NSP4 were less numerous. At challenge, total HRV- and HRV protein-specific immunoglobulin A (IgA) and IgG ASCs in intestinal lymphoid tissues were significantly greater in WaV- than in WaA-inoculated pigs, and WaV pigs were fully protected against diarrhea postchallenge, whereas the WaA pigs were partially protected. At PCD 7, there were no significant differences in ASC numbers for any HRV proteins between the WaV+WaV/PC and WaA+WaV/PC groups.
Analysis of compliance and outcomes in a trauma system with a 2-hour transfer rule.

HYPOTHESIS Minimizing time to definitive care in an effort to optimize outcomes is the goal of trauma systems. Toward this end, some systems have imposed standards on time to interfacility transfer. This study evaluates compliance and outcome in a system with a 2-hour transfer rule. DESIGN Retrospective review. SETTING State trauma registry data from 1999 to 2003. PATIENTS Trauma patients who underwent interfacility transfer and those who did not. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Time to transfer; Injury Severity Score; mortality; and time to operating room at second facility. These variables were then stratified by time to transfer. RESULTS During the study period, there were 22 447 interfacility transfers. Overall transfer rate was 10.4%. Of the transfers, 4502 (20%) occurred within 2 hours. Median transfer time was 2 hours 21 minutes. Injury Severity Score, mortality, and number of patients with operation performed on same day of transfer were all higher for the group transferred within 2 hours in comparison with patients transferred on the same day of injury at greater than 2 hours. CONCLUSIONS While the majority of transfers occur at greater than the mandated 2-hour interval, the most seriously injured patients are reaching definitive care within 2 hours. Markers of acuity for patients transferred at greater than 2 hours parallel those of the general trauma patient population. These data suggest that, in this system, provider-determined transfer time that exceeds 2 hours has no adverse effect on patient outcome. It appears to accomplish recognition and rapid transport of the most seriously ill. This may obviate the need for onerous system mandates that are not feasible or have poor compliance.
On the Security of Fully Homomorphic Encryption and Encrypted Computing: Is Division safe?

Since fully homomorphic encryption and homomorphically encrypted computing preserve algebraic identities such as 2*2=2+2, a natural question is whether this extremely utilitarian feature also sets up cryptographic attacks that use the encrypted arithmetic operators to generate or identify the encryptions of known constants. In particular, software or hardware might use encrypted addition and multiplication to do encrypted division and deliver the encryption of x/x=1. That can then be used to generate 1+1=2, etc, until a complete codebook is obtained. This paper shows that there is no formula or computation using 32-bit multiplication x*y and three-input addition x+y+z that yields a known constant from unknown inputs. We characterise what operations are similarly `safe' alone or in company, and show that 32-bit division is not safe in this sense, but there are trivial modifications that make it so.
Differential thymus dependence of rat CD8 isoform expression

Expression of the rat CD8 molecule was studied using five novel monoclonal antibodies (mAb), four of which are specific for the V‐like domain of CD8α, whereas one reacts either with the β chain or with a determinant only expressed on the CD8 α/β heterodimer. mAb to both chains effectively blocked purified lymph node CD8 T cells in mixed lymphocyte reaction and in cell‐mediated cytotoxicity. Flow cytometric analysis showed that CD8 T cells from lymph nodes or spleen of normal rats almost exclusively express the α/β isoform, regardless of the T cell receptor isotype (α/β or γ/δ). In contrast, natural killer (NK) cells carry only CD8α chains. This CD8α+β− phenotype was also prominent among CD8 T cells from athymic rats and from intestinal epithelium of normal rats. CD8α homodimers can also be expressed as a result of activation, as shown by analysis of CD4 CD8 double‐positive T cells obtained from highly purified lymph node CD4 T cells by in vitrok stimulation. Such CD4+CD8α+β− cells also represent a major subset among adult intestinal intraepithelial lymphocytes (IEL), suggesting local activation. Taken together, the difference in CD8 isoform expression among T cells from athymic rats, NK cells, and gut IEL versus CD8 T cells from peripheral lymphatic organs of euthymic animals suggests that like in mice, expression of the CD8 heterodimer is more dependent on intrathymic maturation than that of the homodimer. Since the more stringent thymus dependence of CD8α+β+ T cells may be due to a requirement for thymic selection on self major histocompatibility complex class I antigens, the virtually exclusive CD8α+β+ phenotype of peripheral rat γ/δ T cells could mean that antigen recognition by this subset is also restricted by MHC class I molecules.
Model of Integrated Disaster Awareness Community To Community Learning Center (CLC) in Bantul and Sleman Distric

These study aimed to describe: 1) the disaster awareness community in Bantul and Sleman; 2) disaster awareness community activities in Bantul and Sleman; 3) Model of Disaster-awareness community integrated to CLC. This study uses qualitative methods to describe the model of disaster-awareness communities that developed in Sleman and Bantul districts before and after the 2006 earthquake and Merapi eruption in 2010. Data obtained through observation and interviews with disaster-awareness community managers and volunteers. The results showed: 1) disaster awareness community in Bantul and Sleman has been able to carry out their roles and functions in disaster alleviation. This community is largely initiated by the community in cooperation with the government and disaster relief agencies and Basarnas; 2) disaster awareness community have been doing a lot of disaster-related activities such as handling the disaster, emergency response training, counseling disaster, mapping the disaster area, talk shows, making a documentary video, the provision of learning resources for the utilization of the local potential, and agricultural training. Currently the disaster awareness community has not been involved CLC in implementing trending activities; 3) model of integrated disaster awareness community to CLC emphasis on three main activities, namely management, activity or programs and infrastructure. cooperationg between CLC and disaster awareness community manner is a form of mutual cooperation.
A Crash Course for Stochastic Calculus

In this section we want to understand what does the notation ∫ t 0 XsdWs mean. 1.1 Stochastic Process Xt Given a probability space {Ω,F,P} and time index set T , a stochastic process (Xs)s∈T is a measurable mapping from Ω×T to some space. In our most interested setting, the value space is R or Rd, while the time index set is T = [0,∞) with Borel σ-algebra. Another common option for T is the integer set: T = {0, 1, . , }, which is used for discrete time processes. However discrete time processes are usually called a “chain”. X is usually seen as X(ω, t) ∈ R. Notation wise, people usually omit the appearance of ω and instead write X(t) or Xt. When we say a stochastic process has certain property, for example continuous, we mean for a.s. fixed ω, the process X(ω, s)s≥0 is continuous.
Gastroenteritis Outbreaks Caused by a DS-1–like G1P[8] Rotavirus Strain, Japan, 2012–2013

Rotavirus A (RVA) genotype G1P[8], a hallmark of the Wa-like strain, typically contains only genotype 1 genes. However, an unusual RVA G1P[8] with genotype 2 genes was recently detected in Japan. We determined the complete genomic constellation of this RVA. Our findings suggest that mixed RVAs may be more competitive than once thought.
CONFLITOS DE AGÊNCIA: UM ESTUDO COMPARATIVO DOS ASPECTOS INERENTES A EMPRESAS TRADICIONAIS E COOPERATIVAS DE CRÉDITO CONFLICTS OF AGENCY: A COMPARATIVE STUDY OF ISSUES ATTACHED TO S AND TRADITIONALCOMPANIES AND CREDIT COOPERATIVE

The purpose of this article is, based on the relevant bibliography, to analyze and compare potential agency conflicts in two different kinds of organizations: traditional companies and credit unions. This is justified by the fact that credit unions are the less studied financial institutions, although, nowadays, they play an important role in Brazilian government access credit policies. Furthermore, agency conflicts and their minimization are considered viability and risk reduction instruments. There are different agency conflicts in credit unions compared with the ones observed in traditional companies. This may indicative that different governance solutions are necessary to credit unions. However, some authors suggest that agency conflicts in credit unions can be solved by generic actions, such as: well-defined rules, efficient internal controls, service adequacy, prudential rules adoption and extern supervision. These approaches are the same adopted in traditional companies, what, in principle, would be considered a paradox if we consider that agency conflicts are different in credit unions.
Secure construction and publication of contingency tables from distributed data

Contingency tables are widely used in many fields to analyze the relationship or infer the association between two or more variables. Indeed, due to their simplicity and ease, they are one of the first methods used to analyze gathered data. Typically, the construction of contingency tables from source data is considered straightforward since all data is supposed to be aggregated at a single party. However, in many cases, the collected data may actually be federated among different parties. While construction of the global contingency tables would still be of immense interest, privacy and security concerns may restrict the data owners from free sharing of the raw data. In this paper, we propose techniques for enabling secure construction of contingency tables from both horizontally and vertically partitioned data. Our methods are efficient and secure. We also examine cases where the constructed contingency table may itself leak too much information and discuss potential solutions. In order to protect certain sensitive cell values against being inferred from the marginal totals of a constructed contingency table, we further address the problem of how to securely publish the marginal totals.
GABAA receptor subtype involvement in addictive behaviour

GABAA receptors form the major class of inhibitory neurotransmitter receptors in the mammalian brain. This review sets out to summarize the evidence that variations in genes encoding GABAA receptor isoforms are associated with aspects of addictive behaviour in humans, while animal models of addictive behaviour also implicate certain subtypes of GABAA receptor. In addition to outlining the evidence for the involvement of specific subtypes in addiction, we summarize the particular contributions of these isoforms in control over the functioning of brain circuits, especially the mesolimbic system, and make a first attempt to bring together evidence from several fields to understanding potential involvement of GABAA receptor subtypes in addictive behaviour. While the weight of the published literature is on alcohol dependency, the underlying principles outlined are relevant across a number of different aspects of addictive behaviour.
The Dynamics of Consumer Engagement with Mobile Technologies

While important insights about the customer engagement concept have been gleaned in recent literature, little remains known regarding the nature and dynamics characterizing customers' engagement with mobile devices, particularly from a longitudinal perspective. Therefore, the objective of this paper is to examine how customer engagement with mobile technology is related to purchase behaviors over time as a dynamic iterative process. A unique database addressing customers' mobile engagement and purchase behaviors is used for the analysis. The results from a vector autoregressive VAR model suggest that customer mobile disengagement, where consumers abandon an app, has a strong negative long-term effect on purchase behaviors. However, purchase behaviors can alleviate the level of disengagement. The study, therefore, provides novel findings pertaining to the dynamic interrelationship between customers' engagement with new digital media and purchase behaviors, and therefore it has important scholarly and managerial implications.
Effect of particulate organic carbon on heterotrophic bacterial populations and nitrification efficiency in biological filters

Competition between heterotrophic and nitrifying bacteria is of major practical importance in aquaculture biofilter design and operation. This competition must be understood to minimize the negative impact of heterotrophic bacteria on an aquaculture system. On the other hand, the heterotrophic population is suspected of having a positive effect against pathogenic bacteria. Little information is available on the bacterial communities present within aquaculture systems, except for nitrifying bacteria, but a combination of traditional aquacultural engineering research methods and novel microbiological techniques offers new opportunities for the study of these communities. The heterotrophic bacterial population activity and the nitrification efficiency of a submerged biological filter were studied for an influent TAN concentration of 2 mg/l and varying C/N ratios. The TAN removal rate was found to be 30% lower at a C/N ratio of 0.5 than at a C/N ratio of 0. For higher C/N ratios the reduction in nitrification efficiency was 50% while the attached bacterial abundance was doubled. Moreover, results confirm that abundance of sheared and attached bacteria are correlated. It is not known to what extent biofilter configuration might influence the relationship between heterotrophic and nitrifying bacteria, and further work will be carried out with moving bed and fluidized filters. A better understanding of the role of the heterotrophic bacteria in RAS will help to optimize any positive “biocontrol” effect and to minimize the microbial degradation of rearing water and the reduction of nitrification rates.
Relationship Between Seamless Use Experience, Customer Satisfaction and Recommendation

Relying on SERVQUAL service quality dimensions by Parasuraman et al. (1985, 1988) and usability attributes by Nielsen (1993), this study identifies the service quality dimensions pertaining seamless use experience and investigates the relationship between customer satisfaction and intention to recommend mobile Internet services. According to our analysis, which is based on data comprising 778 survey responses collected from the users of mobile and fixed-line services in Summer 2003, the level of satisfaction after using mobile Internet services, intention to encourage the use of mobile Internet services and willingness to recommend the use of mobile services are strongly interrelated.
An Improved Face Recognition Based on Illumination Normalization Techniques and Elastic Bunch Graph Matching

Face Recognition is known to present large variability due to factors like pose, facial expression variations, changes in illumination and occlusion, among others, thus making face recognition a very challenging problem. Studies of Illumination Normalization on face images under different illumination conditions has many proposed techniques, each of them has advantages and disadvantages. The approach proposed in this paper is the integration of methods to improve quality in different illumination conditions using three different techniques like: Logarithm Transform, Histogram Equalization and Discrete Cosine Transform (DCT), applying the proposal to face recognition in situations of video vigilance, situation in which variations in illumination are one of the most decisive factors to success of face recognition, to prove the improvement offered by the proposal, it uses a method based on bio-metric features known as Elastic Bunch Graph Matching (EBGM). This proposed method had been experimented with three databases: Yale Faces A, AT&T and Georgia Tech Face Database images. Based on the results, the proposed method increases the face Recognition to 92.817% in AT&T; 98.532% in Yale Faces A and 78.933% in Georgia Database. The proposal improves the condition for different data-sets.
Feedback linearization-based robust nonlinear control design for hypersonic flight vehicles

A new approach to designing a robust nonlinear controller for longitudinal flexible body models of canard configured air-breathing hypersonic flight vehicles with significant couplings and interactions is presented. The methodology uses a robust feedback linearization method to feedback linearize the nonlinear air-breathing hypersonic flight vehicle model with 24 uncertainty parameters. Using this approach, a linearized uncertainty model of the air-breathing hypersonic flight vehicle is obtained in the first step by considering an upper bound on each uncertain parameter. In the second step, a minimax linear quadratic regulator-based velocity and altitude robust tracking controller is synthesized for the linearized model. Simulation studies are conducted using the original nonlinear model of the air-breathing hypersonic flight vehicle with a large flight envelope and time-varying uncertainties. Simulation results show that the feedback linearization-based minimax linear quadratic regulator controller effectively achieves the tracking requirement and robustly stabilizes the air-breathing hypersonic flight vehicle.