Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Learning-based local-to-global landmark annotation for automatic 3D cephalometry

The annotation of three-dimensional (3D) cephalometric landmarks in 3D computerized tomography (CT) has become an essential part of cephalometric analysis, which is used for diagnosis, surgical planning, and treatment evaluation. The automation of 3D landmarking with high-precision remains challenging due to the limited availability of training data and the high computational burden. This paper addresses these challenges by proposing a hierarchical deep-learning method consisting of four stages: 1) a basic landmark annotator for 3D skull pose normalization, 2) a deep-learning-based coarse-to-fine landmark annotator on the midsagittal plane, 3) a low-dimensional representation of the total number of landmarks using variational autoencoder (VAE), and 4) a local-to-global landmark annotator. The implementation of the VAE allows two-dimensional-image-based 3D morphological feature learning and similarity/dissimilarity representation learning of the concatenated vectors of cephalometric landmarks. The proposed method achieves an average 3D point-to-point error of 3.63 mm for 93 cephalometric landmarks using a small number of training CT datasets. Notably, the VAE captures variations of craniofacial structural characteristics.
The Cajal Body in Plant-Virus Interactions

Cajal bodies (CBs) are nuclear membraneless bodies composed of proteins and RNA. Although it is known that CBs play a role in RNA metabolism and the formation of functional ribonucleoprotein (RNP) particles, the whole breadth of CB functions is far from being fully elucidated. In this short review, we will summarize and discuss the growing body of evidence pointing to an involvement of this subnuclear compartment in plant-virus interactions.
A method to generate multilocus barcodes of pinned insect specimens using MiSeq

For molecular insect identification, amplicon sequencing methods are recommended because they offer a cost‐effective approach for targeting small sets of informative genes from multiple samples. In this context, high‐throughput multilocus amplicon sequencing has been achieved using the MiSeq Illumina sequencing platform. However, this approach generates short gene fragments of <500 bp, which then have to be overlapped using bioinformatics to achieve longer sequence lengths. This increases the risk of generating chimeric sequences or leads to the formation of incomplete loci. Here, we propose a modified nested amplicon sequencing method for targeting multiple loci from pinned insect specimens using the MiSeq Illumina platform. The modification exists in using a three‐step nested PCR approach targeting near full‐length loci in the initial PCR and subsequently amplifying short fragments of between 300 and 350 bp for high‐throughput sequencing using Illumina chemistry. Using this method, we generated 407 sequences of three loci from 86% of all the specimens sequenced. Out of 103 pinned bee specimens of replicated species, 71% passed the 95% sequence similarity threshold between species replicates. This method worked best for pinned specimens aged between 0 and 5 years, with a limit of 10 years for pinned and 14 years for ethanol‐preserved specimens. Hence, our method overcomes some of the challenges of amplicon sequencing using short read next generation sequencing and improves the possibility of creating high‐quality multilocus barcodes from insect collections.
MAPT, apoptosis‐effector gene and pro‐proliferative gene RNAseq analysis. RNASeq values for MAPT, for the panel of apoptosis-effector genes, and for the panel of pro-proliferative genes, were downloaded from cbioportal.org. Pearson correla-

The association of MAPT (Tau) with various tauopathies and other neurological disorders has long been established. However, the role of microtubule-associated protein Tau (MAPT) expression in brain cancer is largely unknown. To determine whether MAPT expression is related to low-grade glioma (LGG) survival rates, RNASeq data representing samples from the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) were assessed. Results revealed that high expression of the MAPT gene is very strongly associated with increased overall and disease-free survival in LGG but not in breast cancer or melanoma. No such association was apparent for either amyloid precursor protein or α-synuclein gene expression. The expression levels of particular apoptosisand pro-proliferative-effector genes were consistent with the Tau-associated increased survival rates. It has been well established that the Tau protein plays a neurodegenerative role, and in this study we identified, for the first time, a potential cell apoptosis function that Tau may play in cancers of the central nervous system.
Anterior chamber configuration changes after phacoemulsification and IOL implantation measured by anterior segment optical coherence tomography

Objective: To measure early changes in anterior chamber morphology after phacoemulsification and IOL implantation using anterior segment optical coherence tomography. Materials and Methods: Prospective consecutive interventional study measuring the anterior chamber configuration changes in twenty (20 eyes) after 1 month of phacoemulsification and posterior chamber IOL implantation. Results: Showing significant difference regarding nasal, superior, temporal and inferior angle measured by anterior segment optical coherence tomography before and after phacoemulsification operation with p.value were (0.027_0.009_0.02_0.012) respectively. Conclusion: Quantitative values showed the anterior chamber angle (ACA), measured using AS-OCT, has increased following uneventful phacoemulsification and IOL implantation.
On the expected running time of nonconvex optimization with early stopping

This work examines the convergence of stochastic gradient algorithms that use early stopping based on a validation function, wherein optimization ends when the magnitude of a validation function gradient drops below a threshold. We derive conditions that guarantee this stopping rule is well-deﬁned and analyze the expected number of iterations and gradient evaluations needed to meet this criteria. The guarantee accounts for the distance between the training and validation sets, measured with the Wasserstein distance. We develop the approach for stochastic gradient descent (SGD), allowing for biased update directions subject to a Lyapunov condition. We apply the approach to obtain new bounds on the expected running time of several algorithms, including Decentralized SGD (DSGD), a variant of decentralized SGD, known as Stacked SGD
University of Birmingham A novel separation technique of flexural loading- induced acoustic emission sources in railway prestressed concrete sleepers

In this paper, signal reduction due to the presence of water content formed on a radome has been studied at low-THz frequencies. The effect of obscurants on signal reduction has been characterized by measuring the ratio of reflected signals from a reference target through the radome, with contaminant and without contaminant. All the measurements have been compared to theoretical models, demonstrating a reasonable agreement. Water is the most common obscurant in outdoor applications and the main cause of performance deterioration in rainy, snowy, and foggy weather. This paper concentrates on the attenuation caused by different forms of distribution of water as a radome contaminant. Both a thin uniform layer of water and randomly distributed water droplets are studied at 150 and 300 GHz. The results show strong signal reduction due to the presence of uniform thickness of water and higher signal reduction with increasing frequency. However, the measured transmissivity through distributed water droplets, which occur in practice due to the surface tension of water, shows lower transmission loss at the shorter wavelength, due to transmission through the distribution of gaps between droplets.
Generation Rules for the Collective Perception Service

The Collective Perception service is currently being standardized in Europe. Besides the message format, very important design aspects are the generation rules governing when to generate a message and which data to include. These rules can heavily affect both the provided service quality for receiving Intelligent Transport System stations and the generated network load on the employed radio channel. This paper contributes a set of generation rules for the Collective Perception Service that provides a trade-off between these two factors. Their effectiveness is detailed in an extensive simulation study. Depending on specific radio channel and Decentralized Congestion Control settings, the simulations also reveal co-existence challenges with other services and messages disseminated on the same channel, e.g., the legacy Cooperative Awareness Message. The latter findings are thereby generalized as they apply to any additional message that needs to be disseminated along with the legacy Vehicle-to-X messages.
Effect of the Use of Noni Leaf Extract as a Natural Disinfectant on the Percentage of Hatchability and Day Old Quail (DOQ) Hatching

This study aims to determine the effect of noni leaf (Morinda citrifolia lignosae) extract as a natural disinfectant on the percentage of hatchability and the hatchability weight of quail (Coturnix-coturnix japonica). This study used 1,500 quail hatch eggs with a male and female parent ratio of 1: 4. This study used a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) method, with five treatments and three replications each repetition consisting of 100 quail eggs with 10-gram weight. The treatments used were: T0 (control treatment), T1 (commercial disinfectant), T2 (noni leaf extract 10%), T3 (noni leaf extract 20%) and T4 (noni leaf extract 30%). The results of variance showed the average percentage of hatchability produced during the study, namely T0 (85%), T1 (83%), T2 (86%), T3 (84%), and T4 (93%). Furthermore, the average weight of hatchability produced, namely T0 (6.67 grams), T1 (6.76 grams, T2 (6.89 grams), T3 (6.84 grams) and T4 (6.89 grams). Overall administration of noni leaf extract had no significant effect (P> 0.05) on the percentage of hatchability and DOQ hatching weight of the quail .
EPTHELLAL PROTEIN AND DNATHEREOF FOR USE IN EARLY CANCER DETECTION

4,569,788 2/1986 Mulshine et al. . 260/112 R 4,683,195 7/1987 Mullis et al. . 435/6 4,683.202 7/1987 Mullis . 435/91 5, 194599 3/1993. Froehler . 536/26.72 5,256,775 10/1993 Froehler . 536/25.6 5,264,562 11/1993 Matteucci . 536/23.1 5,455,159 10/1995 Mulshine et al. . 435/7.23 OTHER PUBLICATIONS
The Role of Social Media Technologies in Service Innovation: Perceptions of Exceptional-customer-engaged Value Co-creation

Social media technologies have greatly facilitated customers’ self-empowerment, and have given rise to a handful of exceptional customers who engage in service innovation. Compared with the more common customer behaviors like word-of-mouth and reviewand-feedback, exceptional customers actively integrate their heterogeneous resources and creatively cooperate with firms to innovate service. Nevertheless, there have been relatively few studies on how information technologies enable such customer engagement and the co-creation of service innovation. We adopted a qualitative approach and conducted a comparative analysis of two cases, including a pair of firms and their cooperating exceptional customers, to reveal two value co-creation mechanisms enabled by social media technologies: customers as communicators who facilitate the individualization of product promotion through resource sharing and digital engagement with firms; and customers as innovators who facilitate the individualization of brand design through resource convergence and co-creation of new value propositions with firms. This study discovered the enabler role of social media technologies in service innovation and value cocreation between firms and exceptional customers, as well as a theoretical basis and practical guidance for market innovation in the digital era.
The Effects Playing Pokémon GO has on Physical Activity -A Systematic Literature Review

It is rare for a game to become such a phenomenon that almost 300 scientific papers are published about it in a span of three years. However, that is the case with the location-based game Pokémon GO. The game has been praised as a solution to the global inactivity crisis, but also criticized, for example, for only increasing physical activity in the short term. In order to gather together the findings of previous studies, a systematic literature review was conducted. Initially, 277 scientific articles which contained the term “Pokémon GO” in the title or the abstract were discovered. After categorizing the articles and removing those which did not focus on the effects Pokémon GO has on physical activity, 20 empirical studies remained. A majority (60%) of the studies showed an increase in the number of daily steps taken, whereas 30% of studies reported only short term improvements which diminished soon after. The beneficial effects were found to manifest more strongly on physically inactive individuals and were linked to playing retention. Furthermore, the results revealed that (1) most data used in studies is from 2016, after which the game has drastically changed and (2) longitudinal studies spanning over the course of a year are missing.
The Moderating Effect of Different Types of Internet Use on the Relationship between Transitional Aging Changes and Self-esteem of Older Adults

This study investigates the moderating effect of different types of Internet use regarding the relationship between three transitional aging changes and self-esteem of older adults. The current paper is still in progress; this is a research-in-progress paper. An aging population increases government expenditures and family responsibilities, thus drawing more attention from the academic community. Recent research posits that self-esteem tends to decline in individuals from the ages around 50-65 due to role loss, social loss, and dissatisfaction resulting from unaccomplished life goals. To address this issue, previous studies considered that the general use of the Internet may help to enhance self-esteem among older adults. To fill this research gap, the present study proposes that the cultural use of the Internet could moderate role loss of older adults, while social use of the Internet could mitigate social loss. Furthermore, economic use could moderate the dissatisfaction of unfulfilled life goals. Regarding various theoretical contributions, this is the first study to apply different types of Internet use, so as to investigate its moderating effect concerning the relationship between transitional aging changes and self-esteem. Findings of the present study can also help shed light on interventions for the caregiver in both community centers and the domestic environment to moderate the decline of self-esteem among older adults. The data will be collected through surveys distributed to District Elderly Community Centers (DECCs) in Hong Kong. Multiple regression analysis will then be utilized to test the moderating effect of each type of Internet use.
Learning Object Representations by Mixing Scenes

In the digital age of ever increasing data amassment and accessibility, the demand for scalable machine learning models effective at refining the new oil is unprecedented. Unsupervised representation learning methods present a promising approach to exploit this invaluable yet unlabeled digital resource at scale. However, a majority of these approaches focuses on synthetic or simplified datasets of images. What if a method could learn directly from natural Internet-scale image data? In this thesis, we propose a novel approach for unsupervised learning of object representations by mixing natural image scenes. Without any human help, our method mixes visually similar images to synthesize new realistic scenes using adversarial training. In this process the model learns to represent and understand the objects prevalent in natural image data and makes them available for downstream applications. For example, it enables the transfer of objects from one scene to another. Through qualitative experiments on complex image data we show the effectiveness of our method along with its limitations. Moreover, we benchmark our approach quantitatively against state-of-the-art works on the STL-10 dataset. Our proposed method demonstrates the potential that lies in learning representations directly from natural image data and reinforces it as a promising avenue for future research.
Expression of Syndecan-1 on Neutrophils in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

Background: Type 2 diabetes is a manifestation of an ongoing low-grade inflammation. In diabetes, impairment of neutrophil adhesion to the endothelium and migration to the site of inflammation were detected, which were associated closely with adhesion molecules expressed on neutrophils and endothelial cells. Patients and Methods: To determine the expression of syndecan-1 on the neutrophils in diabetic patients, 80 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus were recruited, in addition to 40 healthy individuals with no history of glucose metabolism disorders as control group. Expression of syndecan-1 was determined using flow-cytometry, and the correlations between syndecan-1 expression and clinical characteristics were analyzed. Results: The percentage of neutrophils expressing syndecan-1 was found to be higher in diabetic patients than among the healthy control individuals. In addition, a statistically significant association was found between the percentage of syndecan-1 positive neutrophils and body mass index. A multiple regression analysis found that body mass index is a significant predictor of neutrophils expressing syndecan1 in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients. Conclusion: Surface syndecan-1 on neutrophils is significantly enhanced in subjects with type 2 DM. It is also positively correlated with BMI.
The NooJ system as module within an integrated language processing environment

ion:6 attribute:2 property:3 sound property:1 sound:1 can yield the addition of appropriate semantic marks to the entry glas 'voice' (hyponym of 'sound:1’): glas,N16+Snd+SndProp+Prop+Attr+Abstr. Depending on the application the depth of the tree hierarchy and/or its level can be chosen. Since only some basic semantic information has been incorporated in the Serbian morphological dictionary, there are a number of identical entries that is, apparently same lemmas with identical inflectional classes and morphosyntactic information attached to them, but actually representing different lemmas that can not be distinguished. That is the case, for instance, with the double entry cyelo,N300 that represents both (brow:1, forehead:1) and (cello:1, violoncello:1). By adding the information obtained from the wordnet hypernym/hyponym relations these two entries can be distinguished: for instance, cyelo,N300+BodyPart and cyelo,N300+Artifact,
Analytical Solution of the Complex Polymer Equation Systems via the Homogeneous Balance Method

In this article, we solve analytically the nonlinear Doubly Dispersive Equation (DDE) in (1+1)-D by the homogeneous balance method, introduced to investigate the strain waves propagating in a cylindrical rod in complex polymer systems. The linear dispersion relation plays important role in connecting the frequency of the emitted nonlinear waves with the wave number of the ablating laser beam affecting the polymers with their characteristic parameters. In accordance with the normal dispersion conditions, the resulting solitary wave solutions show the compression characters in the nonlinearly elastic materials namely Polystyrene (PS) and PolyMethylMethAcrylate (PMMA). The ratio between the estimated potential and kinetic energies shows good agreement with the physical situation, and as well in making comparisons with the bellshaped model conducted in the literature.
Employment relationships in small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) are (re)negotiated in contexts of greater spatial and social proximity between owner-managers and employees and greater degrees of informality than in large organizations

This paper presents in-depth qualitative research on three small professional service firms whose owner-managers sought to introduce greater degrees of formality in their firms’ working practices and employment relationships. We focus on humour as an ambiguous medium of informality, yet viewed by owner-managers as a tool at their disposal. However, while early studies of humour in small and medium-sized enterprises support such a functionalist view, our findings indicate its significant limitations. We argue that humour obscures but does not resolve disjunctive interests and it remains stubbornly ambiguous and resistant to attempts to functionalize it. Our findings contribute to studies of humour in small and medium-sized enterprises by challenging its utility as a means of managerial control or employee resistance. They also contribute to studies of employment relationships by exploring humour’s potentially disruptive influence within the formalityinformality span, especially as small and medium-sized enterprises seek greater degrees of formalization with implications for how those relationships are conducted and (re)negotiated on an ongoing basis.
Health Care System Response to Cardiovascular Diseases, Trends from 2010-2018: Can Ethiopia Achieve 2025 Global Voluntary Targets for Non-Communicable Diseases from Cardiovascular Diseases Perspective? Explanatory Review of Available Literatures

Introduction: Cardiovascular diseases/CVDs are the 4th leading case of morbidity and mortality in Ethiopia. Globally nations have set nine voluntary targets that are attainable and can improve non-communicable disease/NCD related outcomes. This review was conducted to evaluate the health system response to CVD prevention and control from 2025 global NCD voluntary targets perspective and recommend the relevant stakeholders to act on un addressed areas. Method: We have reviewed the all relevant literatures online, national and international guidelines; treatment protocols; conference proceedings from year 2010 to 2028 by using the following search terms ‘Non-communicable diseases, Cardiovascular disease; global burden of diseases; prevalence of CVDs; cardiovascular diseases and associated factors; hypertension, best buys and healthcare system and CVDs, Primary care and CVDs and affordability and availability of medicines and chronic care and social determinants of CVDs. Findings: Concerning mortality target which is a 25% relative reduction in risk of premature mortality from CVDs and diabetes, the Probability of dying from CVDs prematurely and death attributed by CVDs have increased by 15% and 80% from the baseline respectively. Both diabetes and obesity were increased in past 9 years. Only 11.5% of risk population were receiving any drug therapy and counseling to prevent heart attacks and strokes in 2016. The availability of essential drug was low, drugs were unaffordable and out of pocket payments were high. Conclusion: Less than one third of the targets are on the way and promising to be achieved in the due date with current trend of healthcare. Therefore we recommend all stakeholders to give emphasis on: Improving best buys implementation; strengthening the primary care system; Improving access and affordability of essential drugs; Initiating community screening service to initiate drug therapy early and reduce morbidity and mortality from CVDs and Improving health taskforce number and capacity and financial risk protection.