Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
NANOGELS: AN OVERVIEW OF PROPERTIES, PHARMACEUTICAL APPLICATIONS AND DRUG LOADING TECHNIQUE

A nanoparticle which is composed of a hydrogel with a cross linked hydrophilic polymer network is known as “Nanogel”. The term nanogels defined as the nanosized particles formed by physically or chemically cross-linked polymer networks that is swell in a good solvent. The term “Nanogel” was first introduced to define cross-linked bifunctional networks of a polyion and a nonionic polymer for delivery of polynucleotides (cross-linked polyethyleneimine (PEI) and poly (ethylene glycol) (PEG) or PEG-cl-PEI). Nanogels based materials have high drug loading capacity, biocompatibility, and biodegradability which are the key points to design a drug delivery system effectively. Sudden outbreak in the field of nanotechnology have introduced the need for developing nanogel systems which proven their potential to deliver drugs in controlled, sustained and targetable manner. With the emerging field of polymer sciences it has now become inevitable to prepare smart nano-systems which can prove effective for treatment as well as clinical trials progress. The brief review aims at providing comprehensive illustrations on the novel applications, drug loading technique, mechanism of drug release from nanogels. Further, current status, clinical trial status, and future perspective of nanogels have been summarized.
Algoritmos para el reconocimiento de estructuras de tablas

Las tablas son una manera muy común de organizar y publicar datos. Por ejemplo, en el Internet se halla un enorme número de tablas publicadas en HTML integradas en documentos PDF, o que pueden ser simplemente descargadas de páginas web. Sin embargo, las tablas no siempre son fáciles de interpretar pues poseen una gran variedad de características y son organizadas en diferentes formatos. De hecho, se han desarrollado muchos métodos y herramientas para la interpretación de tablas. Este trabajo presenta la implementación de un algoritmo, basado en campos aleatorios condicionales (CRF, Conditional Random Fields), para clasificar las filas de una tabla como fila de encabezado, fila de datos y fila metadatos. La implementación se complementa con dos algoritmos para reconocer tablas en hojas de cálculo, específicamente, basados en reglas y detección de regiones. Finalmente, el trabajo describe los resultados y beneficios obtenidos por la aplicación del algoritmo para tablas HTML, obtenidas desde la web y las tablas en forma de hojas de cálculo, descargadas desde el sitio de la Agencia Nacional de Petróleo de Brasil. Tables are widely adopted to organize and publish data. For example, the Web has an enormous number of tables, published in HTML, embedded in PDF documents, or that can be simply downloaded from Web pages. However, tables are not always easy to interpret due to the variety of features and formats used. Indeed, a large number of methods and tools have been developed to interpreted tables. This work presents the implementation of an algorithm, based on Conditional Random Fields (CRFs), to classify the rows of a table as header rows, data rows or metadata rows. The implementation is complemented by two algorithms for table recognition in a spreadsheet document, respectively based on rules and on region detection. Finally, the work describes the results and the benefits obtained by applying the implemented algorithm to HTML tables, obtained from the Web, and to spreadsheet tables, downloaded from the Brazilian National Petroleum Agency.
The biosynthesis of fungal metabolites: sclerin, a plant growth hormone from Sclerotinia sclerotiorum

Sclerin, a plant-growth hormone from Sclerotinia sclerotiorum, incorporates five intact acetate units from [1,2-13C2]-acetate. The hydrogen atom at C-4 was shown not to be acetate-derived by a 2H n.m. r. study with [2H3]acetate. The specific incorporations of 6,8-dihydroxy-3,4,5,7-tetramethylisocoumarin (10) and 3,6,8-trihydroxy-3,4,5,7-tetramethyl-3,4-dihydroisocoumarin (2) support the proposal that sclerotinin A (2) is an intermediate in sclerin biosynthesis. A 2H n.m. r. investigation showed that 4,6-dihydroxy-3-[2H1]methyl-5-methyl-2-(1-methyl-2-oxopropyl)benzaldehyde (11) is not involved in the formation of sclerin.
Osmotic and activity coefficients of HO2CCH2C(OH)(CO2H)CH2CO2H (citric acid) in concentrated aqueous solutions at temperatures from 298.15 K to 318.15 K

Vapour-pressure lowerings of HO2CCH2C(OH)(CO2H)CH2CO2H(aq)(citric acid) solutions in the (0.51 to 7.65) mol.kg−1molality range and at five temperatures from 298.15 K to 318.15 K were determined by applying the isoteniscopic technique. From these results, the apparent osmotic coefficients of HO2CCH2C(OH)(CO2H)CH2CO2H(aq)and the osmotic and activity coefficients of unionized HO2CCH2C(OH)(CO2H)CH2CO2H(aq)were calculated.
Divanadium Pentoxide Nanorods

Divanadium pentoxide (V2O5) nanorods have been synthetized by reverse micelle technique[1]. The length can be tuned easily by keeping the nanorods in the micellar solution after the synthesis. The nanorods are characterized by transmission electron microscopy, x-ray photoemission spectroscopy, electron energy loss spectrometry, infrared spectroscopy and x-ray diffraction. These techniques show that the the nanorods are made of divanadium pentoxide and are crystallized in the γ phase.
Anticandidal Activity of Volatile Compounds from the Root Bark of Ficus exasperata Vahl-Holl (Moraceae)

Abstract The essential oil from the root bark of Ficus exasperata cultivated in Nigeria were examined by GC and GC-MS. The essential oil was characterized by the presence of α-terpineol (33.7 %), α-pinene (10.8 %), sabinene (5.6 %), β-patchoulene (4.7 %), 1,8-cineole (3.1 %), and α-thujopsene (2.1 %) as the major compounds. The volatile oil was assessed against clinical strain of Candida albicans. The low minimum inhibition concentration (MIC) of this compound (1.1 μg/mL) is among the basis of this report.
Der Off‐Effekt im menschlichen Elektroretinogramm.

Zusammenfassung. Nach Helladaptation findet man im menschlichen ERG bei intermittierender Belichtung neben einer komplexen On-Antwort, die dem Einzelreiz-ERG von congenital Nachtblinden entspricht, einen doppelten positiven Off-Effekt. “On” und “Off” weisen spiegelbildliches Verhalten auf. Die Abhangigkeit des Off-Effektes vom Adaptationszustand und von der Lichtintensitat wird untersucht, und das Zustandekommen seiner doppelten Konfiguration diskutiert.
Learning Compositional Dynamics Models for Model-based Control

Compared with off-the-shelf physics engines, a learnable simulator has a stronger ability to adapt to unseen objects, scenes, and tasks. However, existing models like Interaction Networks only work for fully observable systems; they also only consider pairwise interactions within a single time step, both restricting their use in practical systems. We introduce Propagation Networks (PropNets), a differentiable, learnable dynamics model that handles partially observable scenarios and enables instantaneous propagation of signals beyond pairwise interactions. In the second half of the thesis, I will discuss our attempt to extend PropNets to learn a particle-based simulator for handling matters of various substances—rigid or soft bodies, liquid, gas—each with distinct physical behaviors. Combining learning with particle-based systems brings in two major benefits: first, the learned simulator, just like other particle-based systems, acts widely on objects of different materials; second, the particle-based representation poses strong inductive bias for learning: particles of the same type have the same dynamics within. We demonstrate that our models not only outperform current learnable physics engines in forward simulation, but also achieve superior performance on various control tasks, such as manipulating a pile of boxes, a cup of water, and a deformable foam, with experiments both in simulation and in the real world. Compared with existing model-free deep reinforcement learning algorithms, model-based control with our models is also more accurate, efficient, and generalizable to new, partially observable scenes and tasks. Thesis Supervisor: Antonio Torralba Title: Professor of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Thesis Supervisor: Russ Tedrake Title: Professor of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science
Boron-Doped Anatase TiO2: Pure and Hybrid DFT Calculations

We report the results of density functional theory calculations on the electronic structure of boron-doped anatase TiO2. For the calculations we used both standard and hybrid exchange-correlation functionals. On the basis of a close comparison of computed and measured observable properties, in particular hyperfine coupling constants from electron paramagnetic resonance experiments and core level binding energies from X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy spectra, we propose the existence of both substitutional to oxygen and interstitial boron atoms in the bulk of anatase. Boron substitional to oxygen results in a paramagnetic defect, [BTi3]•, which introduces new states in the midgap of the material. The analysis of the stability of this center, however, shows that it should not be the dominant species and should convert into interstitial boron after annealing at high temperature. Various possible sites for interstitial boron have been considered where the dopant is coordinated to three, [BO3], or to four, [BO.
Assessing groundwater nutrient discharge into Lennard Brook, Western Australia

This paper describes the application of a technique for estimating the nutrient discharge into a stream from groundwater. The study basin of the Lennard Brook is one where a large proportion of the nutrients are expected to be contributed from this source. In addition to the measurement of streamflow quantity and quality, the technique involves direct measurement of fluxes of groundwater and its nutrient concentration. Recently developed seepage meters are employed to monitor the amount of groundwater seepage into the river continuously and automatically. Flux measurements were made on an hourly basis during January 1996. The flow of the Lennard Brook ranged from 10 300 to 11 500 m day" and the seepage rate into the brook ranged from 3.3 x 10" m s" (0.29 m day") to 2.6 x 10" m s" (0.22 m day"). Using average river dimensions, the estimated seepage rate amounted to 9 100 to 11 300 m day". The average ratio of groundwater seepage to streamflow was 0.88. Concentration of P04P, NCy-N and CI in streamflow ranged from 0.013 to 0.026 mg l", 0.165 to 0.432 mg l" and 238 to 243 mg I", respectively. P04-P and N03-N concentrations measured in the seepage water were similar to those estimated previously for groundwaters at downstream locations.
WebNLG 2020 Challenge: Semantic Template Mining for Generating References from RDF

We present in this paper our mining system for shared task WebNLG Challenge 2020. The general idea of the system is that we generate the semantic template of the output reference from the input RDF XML structure. In the training process, we perform the following subtasks: (i) extract the core information from input RDF; (ii) generate semantic templates from corresponding references. With new RDF XML data, we detect the core information, in turn add the new template into the warehouse and determine the output semantic template. We will evaluate the output natural language references in two processes: automatic and human evaluations. The results of the first tested process show that our system generates the high quality English descriptions from testing RDF XML structures and has a good contribution to the NLG state-of-the-art.
Generality and content-specificity in the study of the neural correlates of perceptual consciousness

The present paper was written as a contribution to ongoing methodological debates within the NCC project. We focus on the neural correlates of conscious perceptual episodes. Our claim is that the NCC notion, as applied to conscious perceptual episodes, needs to be reconceptualized. It mixes together the processing related to the perceived contents and the neural substrate of consciousness proper, i.e. mechanisms making the perceptual contents conscious. We thus propose that the perceptual NCC be divided into two constitutive subnotions. The paper elaborates the distinction, marshals some initial arguments in its favour, and sketches advantages of the proposed reconceptualization.
Gene expression profiling reveals defined functions of the ABC transporter COMATOSE late in phase II of germination

Corresponding author: Michael J. Holdsworth Department of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, School of BioSciences, University of Nottingham, Nottingham LE12 5RD, United Kingdom. Email: michael.Holdsworth@nottingham.ac. uk, Telephone: +44 (0)1159516046, FAX: +44 (0)1159516233 Research Category: Development & Hormone Action. Plant Physiology Preview. Published on February 23, 2007, as DOI:10.1104/pp.107. 096057
An Efficient Food Image Classification By Inception-V3 Based Cnns

: The food item recognition technique from the images is being the interesting area with several type of applications. Though the monitoring of food provides major part in the health related issues and very much needed in our everyday lives. In this paper, we adopted a Google Inception-V3 based convolutional neural networks (CNNs) model in order to classify food images. However, the artiﬁcial neural networks and CNNs have the proficiency to directly estimate score function from the image pixels, here we used convolution layer that is able to create its own convolution kernel in order to convolve with input layer to generate the tensor outputs. Moreover, the Max-Pooling function is used for features extraction from the data and help to train the CNN model. In addition, there are multiple number of layers has been considered and at last the obtained outputs are concatenated in order to generate the ﬁnal outputs. Using our proposed implementation, we measured 92.89% of accuracy with considering the yummly and own dataset classes.
Significant increase of the ferroelectric phase transition temperature in partially deuterated KH2PO4 by proton irradiation

The ferroelectric phase transition temperature was significantly raised by 5K in partially deuterated KH2PO4 irradiated by a proton beam. Increase in the hydrogen bond length was indicated by the dielectric constant analysis. Deuteron nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) measurements of the electric field gradient tensor showed atomic displacement after the proton irradiation, and P31 NMR measurements of the chemical shift tensor revealed phosphorous displacement in the hydrogen-bonded direction and the PO4 tetrahedral distortion. Increase of the phase transition temperature can be closely related to the structural modification involving the hydrogen-bond geometry.
Utilization of semi‐natural grassland through integrated generation of solid fuel and biogas from biomass. II. Effects of hydrothermal conditioning and mechanical dehydration on anaerobic digestion of press fluids

A procedure (Integrated Generation of Solid Fuel and Biogas from Biomass, IFBB) was developed which uses a screw press to separate the readily digestible constituents of mature grassland biomass into a press fluid for conversion into biogas and a fibrous press cake for processing into a solid fuel. Effects of mechanical dehydration and prior hydrothermal conditioning at different temperatures (5, 60 and 80°C) on concentrations of organic compounds in the press fluid and on methane production in batch experiments were evaluated for five semi-natural grasslands typical of mountain areas of Germany. Results show that the crude protein concentration of the press fluids was higher and crude fibre concentration was lower than that of the parent material (herbage conserved as silage). Digestion tests in batch fermenters showed that the methane yield of the press fluids was double [397-426 normal litre (NL) kg⁻¹ volatile solids (VS) after 13 d] that of the whole-crop grassland silage (218 NL kg⁻¹ VS after 27 d) but no consistent effect of higher temperature during conditioning was observed. Within 13 d of fermentation the decomposition of the organic matter (OM) that occurred in the press fluids was 0·90, whereas after 27 d of fermentation more than 0·40 of the OM remained undigested in the whole-crop silage, pointing at a marked reduction in retention time for anaerobic digestion of press fluids in continuous systems. Press fluids produced 0·90 of the maximum methane yield after 4 to 7 d compared with 19 days for the whole-crop silage.
The influence of different methods of cropping and weed control on the content and uptake of Fe and Mn by dent maize.

Strip cropping is a form of intercropping in which two or more species of plants are grown in adjacent strips. Strips should be wide enough for independent mechanical cultivation, but sufficiently narrow to allow for interaction between species. This may affect not only the size and structure of yield, but also the chemical composition of the plants. The aim of this study was to assess the impact of strip cropping and different weed control methods on the content of iron and manganese and uptake by dent maize. The study was conducted on a private farm in the village of Frankamionka in the district of Zamoœæ. It was run from 2004 to 2006. It consisted of a field experiment established on soil with an average Fe and Mn content. The experimental factors were two methods of cultivation: sole cropping and strip cropping (common bean, dent maize, and spring wheat in adjacent strips), and three methods of weed control: mechanical (inter-row cultivation applied twice), mechanical-chemical (the herbicide Gesaprim 90 WG 1.5 kg ha–1 + single inter-row cultivation), and chemical (the herbicides Gesaprim 90 WG 1.5 kg ha–1 + Milagro 040 SC 1.5 L ha–1). Maize was grown for silage and harvested at the milky-wax stage. Iron and manganese in the dry matter of maize were determined by atomic absorption spectrometry (AAS) after digestion in HNO3 (extra pure) in accordance with PN EN ISO 6869:2002. On average for the experiment, strip cropping of maize with common beans and spring wheat increased the iron and manganese content in maize crop in comparison with sole cropping. The Fe and Mn content varied depending on the position of a row in strip cropping. Location adjacent to beans was more conducive to iron accumulation in maize, but reduced the manganese content. Strip cropping significantly increased the uptake of both iron and manganese by maize. The iron content was the highest where mechanical weed
Attias, J and Grassi, A and Bosutti, A and Ganse, B and Degens, H and Drey,

Purpose The objective of this study was to assess whether artificial gravity attenuates any long-duration head-down 60 bed rest (HDBR)-induced alterations in motor unit (MU) properties. Methods Twenty-four healthy participants (16 men; 8 women; 26–54 years) underwent 60-day HDBR with (n = 16) or without (n = 8) 30 min artificial gravity daily induced by whole-body centrifugation. Compound muscle action potential (CMAP), MU number (MUNIX) and MU size (MUSIX) were estimated using the method of Motor Unit Number Index in the Abductor digiti minimi and tibialis anterior muscles 5 days before (BDC-5), and during day 4 (HDT4) and 59 (HDT59) of HDBR. Results The CMAP, MUNIX, and MUSIX at baseline did not change significantly in either muscle, irrespective of the intervention (p > 0.05). Across groups, there were no significant differences in any variable during HDBR, compared to BDC-5. Conclusion Sixty days of HDBR with or without artificial gravity does not induce alterations in motor unit number and size in the ADM or TA muscles in healthy individuals.
Laser-induced three-dimensional photopolymerization using visible initiators and UV cross-linking by photosensitive comonomers

The dye-sensitized laser induced homo- and copolymerization of oxime acrylates (2,3-butanedione monooxime and cyclohexanone oxime acrylates) with polyfunctional acrylates (hexanediol diacrylate, trimethylolpropane triacrylate dipentaerythritol pentaacrylate) followed by UV crosslinking of the residual acyloxyimino pendant groups are studied. The visible initiators employed initiate the polymerization of these acrylates effectively and undergo concomitant bleaching. UV crosslinking of the prepolymers leads to gel formation
Interactive comment on “ESD Ideas: Propagation of high-frequency forcing to ice age dynamics” by Mikhail Verbitsky et al

Comment: “The wording "non-linear system response". Due to the Northern Hemisphere summer forcing (Berger, 1978), the system receives already a strong nonlinearity. Please clarify this somewhere” Answer: We concede that the phrasing was unfortunate. When we say “This non-linear system response has a dramatic effect on ice-age dynamics”, we mean that the system responds to a millennial-period sinusoid by a shift of the time-mean ice-sheet area and temperature, and that this shift depends non-linearly on the amplitude of the forcing.
PHYTOCHEMICAL AND ANTIFUNGAL PROPERTIES OF CHROMOLAENA ODORATA (SIAM WEED) LEAVES

Antifungal and phytochemical properties of hot water and ethanolic extracts of Chromolaena odorata were assayed using standard techniques. This was done to ascertain the susceptibilities of the challenge fungi to crude C. odorata extracts using two extraction methods and assess the active phytochemical constituents of the plant. Plant materials (leaves) were collected from Federal University of Technology, Owerri, Nigeria compound. The leaves were appropriately prepared and extraction of crude ingredients done using ethanol and hot water respectively under standard laboratory conditions. Nystatin (10 mg/dl) was also used for comparative purposes. Candida albicans, Penicillium notatum, Geotrichum sp. , Aspergillus niger and Aspergillus oryzae were used as the challenge test organisms. Phytochemical analysis revealed the presence of bioactive flavonoids, polyphenols, saponins and tanins. Results revealed that all the test fungi were susceptible to both the hot water and ethanolic extracts observed as inhibition of growth at 100 mg/ml and 50 mg/ml respectively. Aspergilus niger, Candida albicans and Aspergilus oryzae showed the highest susceptibility to both the aqueous and ethanol extracts whereas Geotrichum sp and Penicillium notatum showed some level of resistance to bioactivity of both the aqueous and ethanol extracts. However, they were all susceptible to Nystatin (10 mg/dl). The presence of bioactive substances may be responsible for the antifungal activities of the extract. This study therefore underscores the fact that C. odorata can be a viable and cheap source for antifungal formulations though the efficacious dosage may be higher than that of Nystatin.
DualSANet: Dual Spatial Attention Network for Iris Recognition

Compared with other human biosignatures, iris has more advantages on accuracy, invariability and robustness. However, the performance of existing common iris recognition algorithms is still far from expectations of the community. Although some researchers have attempted to uti-lize deep learning methods which are superior to traditional methods, it is worth exploring better CNN network architecture. In this paper, we propose a novel network architecture based on the dual spatial attention mechanism for iris recognition, called DualSANet. Specifically, the proposed architecture can generate multi-level spatially corresponding feature representations via an encoder-decoder structure. In the meantime, we also propose a new spatial attention feature fusion module, so as to ensemble these features more effectively. Based on these, our architecture can generate dual feature representations which have complementary discriminative information. Extensive experiments are conducted on CASIA-IrisV4-Thousand, CASIA-IrisV4-Distance, and IITD datasets. The experimental results show that our method achieves superior performance compared with the state-of-the-arts.