Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Information-Theoretic Supervised SOM with Multiple-Winners

In this paper, we propose a new informationtheoretic method to clarify class structure and to improve prediction performance. The method is composed of unsupervised and supervised phase. The unsupervised phase is governed by the information-theoretic SOM. To clarify class structure, we introduce multiple winners. Then, with this knowledge created by the information-theoretic SOM, supervised learning is applied. We conducted a preliminary experiment to examine the effect of multiple winners and how knowledge obtained by the information-theoretic method can affect the performance of supervised learning. Experimental results showed that multiple winners could be used to clarify class structure. When the number of winning neurons increased, clearer class boundaries appeared. In addition, knowledge obtained by this unsupervised learning could greatly accelerate supervised learning and the final testing errors were smaller than those obtained without this knowledge.
The effects of different amounts and types of fat on meat fatty acid composition in sheep

The effect of different fat sources and amounts in diets on the fatty acid composition of meat was estimated in an experiment on 24 lambs. The basal diet consisting of meadow hay and concentrate (60:40) for control animals was supplemented for experimental animals with 6% linseed oil, rape seed oil, or hydrogenated rape seed oil. Feeding lambs with the 6% addition of linseed oil, rape seed oil or hydrogenated rape seed oil to the diet had no significant influence on total saturated fatty acid content in meat. The addition of 10% hydrogenated rape seed oil significantly (PO.05) decreased the level of miristic acid in meat. Addition of rape seed oil increased (PO.05) the level of stearic acid in comparison with groups that received linseed or hydrogenated rape seed oil. Statistically signifi­ cant (PO.05 , PO.01 ) increases in total n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) in comparison with the control group were found when rape seed or linseed oils were added to the diet. Rape seed oil also caused a significant (PO.01) increase in total n-6 PUFA in comparison with groups receiving lin­ seed or hydrogenated rape seed oils. The results obtained in the experiment demonstrate that feeding lambs diets supplemented with fats of vegetable origin can alter the fatty acid composition of meat, with potential benefits to human health.
EVALUATION OF HEPATOPROTECTIVE EFFICACY OF RHIZOMES CURCUMA CAESIA IN PARACETAMOL INDUCED HEPATOTOXICITY IN RATS

Objective: To evaluation of hepatoprotective efficacy of rhizomes Curcuma caesia in paracetamol induced hepatotoxicity in rats. Methods: Wistar rats were divided into five groups (n=6). Ethanolic extract of Curcuma caesia rhizomes was prepared and evaluated for its hepatoprotective efficacy against paracetamol (PCM) (2g/kg B. wt.) induced hepatotoxicity in rats. Silymarin (100mg/kg b. wt., oral) was used as standard. Organ to body weight indices (OBWI), Levels of Serum glutamic pyruvate transaminase (SGPT), Serum glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase (SGOT), Alkaline phosphatase (ALP), bilirubin, total protein, Reduced and Oxidized glutathione in tissue and lipid peroxidation was evaluated along with histopathological investigation in various experimental groups of rats. Results: Paracetamol has enhanced the OBWI, levels of SGPT, SGOT, SALP, bilirubin, tissue and serum MDA and tissue GSSG levels, whereas plasma protein, tissue GSH levels are decreased significantly (P<0.05) as compared to normal control. Pretreatment with ethanolic extract of Curcuma caesia (250mg/kg B. wt. and 500 mg/kg B. wt.) has brought back the altered levels of biochemical markers to the near normal lev els. Conclusion: Curcuma caesia extract (CCE) acts in the liver as a potent scavenger of free radicals to prevent the toxic effects of Paracetamol both in the biochemical and histopathological parameters.
Tunneling phenomena in carbon nanotube field‐effect transistors

In the present article we will discuss the electronic trans‐ port properties of carbon nanotube field‐effect transistors (CNFETs). Three different device concepts will be studied in more detail: Schottky‐barrier CNFETs with metallic source and drain contacts, conventional‐type CNFETs with doped nanotube segments as source and drain electrodes and finally a new concept, the tunneling CNFET. As it turns out, tunneling phenomena play a prominent role in all three CNFET designs and determine their electrical behavior to a large extend. In addition, the one‐dimensionality of the electronic transport makes them ideally suited for novel device architecture such as the tunneling CNFET. Analytical as well as simulation results will be given and compared with each other and with experimental data in order to explain the different influences on the electronic transport in CNFETs and thus on the device behavior. (© 2008 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
CORRELATION BETWEEN THE ELASTIC AND THE VIBRONIC BEHAVIOR OF NANOSTRUCTURED TITANIA AND THEIR PRESSURE, SIZE, AND TEMPERATURE DEPENDENCE

Correlation between the elastic and the vibronic behavior of TiO2 and their responses to the variation of crystal size, applied pressure, and measuring temperature has been investigated based on the bond orderlength-strength correlation mechanism. Theoretical reproduction of the measurements claried that: (i) the elastic modulus (B) and the Raman shifts (� ! ) are strongly correlated and we can know either one of the B or the � ! from the other; (ii) the under- coordination induced cohesive energy loss and the energy density gain in the surface up to skin depth determines the size e®ect; (iii) bond expansion and bond weakening due to thermal vibration originates the thermally softened elastic modulus and the Raman shifts; and (iv) bond compression and bond strengthening results in the mechanically sti®ened elastic modulus and the Raman shifts. With the developed premise, one can predict the changing trends of the concerned properties with derivatives of quantitative information of the atomic cohesive energy, binding energy density, Debye temperature, and nonlinear compressibility of the specimen.
Co-optimization of Solar Tracking for Shading and Photovoltaic Energy Conversion

We investigate the geometric co-optimization of shading and solar photovoltaic tracking with a single surface. The simulation combines ideal solar tracking with a unique method for continuous shading of a fixed surface area through all sun angles. For photovoltaics, a panel achieves maximum power production by maintaining a normal orientation to the sun vector. This is achieved by tracking the 2-axis solar motion. Shading is also increased with standard tracking, but the area shaded is not effectively controlled by normal tracking alone. By rotating the panel along a path in space that maps the arc the sun makes across the sky, it is possible to also provide constant shading to a fixed position at the centroid of the arc while simultaneously maintaining a normal orientation to solar rays. The simulations were made as part of the development of a solar photovoltaic powered outdoor work table with a continuously shaded work surface. The results show the ability to maintain continuous shading, and to double the potential PV generation as compared to a fixed panel. We built a prototype that achieved this operation, and in that process used a curved panel, which has led to further simulation of curved PV surfaces. This analysis demonstrates the potential leveling of the power curve. Although it decreases total energy produced per area of panel, we show curved surfaces can significantly increase the power per unit area of panel footprint. Introduction, motivation and background
ENERGY-EFFICIENT TRAINING OF SVM ON MULTICORE PLATFORMS

Recent developments in multicore processors have enabled high performance implementations of machine learning algorithms such as Support Vector Machine (SVM). In this paper, we parallelize the training phase of a SVM in order to reduce the energy consumption. After analyzing the computational characteristics of the SVM and the machine characteristics, we distribute the most time consuming steps to multiple cores while satisfying the data dependencies. Our experimental results show that the 4-core based parallel implementation can reduce the energy consumption by a factor of 1.5 with the exactly same quality as the sequential SVM training. Keyword: Parallel processing, Multicore processor, Machine learning, SVM
Compact WLAN Monopole Antenna with L-shaped Strip Line and Spiral Line Loaded Ring Resonator

In this paper, a compact monopole microstrip antenna is presented for dual-band WLAN mobile modules operating in 2.4GHz and 5.2GHz bands. The proposed antenna design is based on direct connection of two separate microstrip resonators, one of which is in the form of spiral resonator loaded ring resonator while the other resonator is the conventional λ/4 L-shaped strip resonator. The overall size of the antenna is 0. 08λ0 x 0. 16λ0 at 2.4GHz resonance frequency. The reflection coefficient, S11 of the antenna is smaller than 10dB between 2.37GHz and 2.43GHz with 60MHz bandwidth in the lower frequency band, and between 5.01GHz and 5.41GHz with 400MHz bandwidth in the higher frequency band. The radiation efficiencies are 46%and 95% at 2.4GHz and 5.2GHz, respectively with the omnidirectional radiation pattern. The proposed antenna can be integrated into compact wireless modules operating 2.4GHz and 5.2
VOLTAGE STABILITY ASSESSMENT CONSIDERING THE POWER SYSTEM CONTINGENCIES USING CONTINUATION POWER FLOW METHOD WITH REGRESSION

The voltage instability is a serious issue in the modern power systems with rapid voltage droop due to stressed system with increased loading. Many techniques have been given to predict the voltage collapse and maintain the voltage stability of a power system. The Voltage stability index (VSI) is a feature for solving voltage stability problems. In this paper, a new index is proposed and the performance of the new index with other indices is discussed. The effectiveness of the proposed method is demonstrated through numerical studies on IEEE 37 bus system, using several scenarios of load increase. The process known as continuation load flow is used. This paper, by considering of power system contingencies based on the effects of them on Mega Watt Margin (MWM) and maximum loading point is focused in order to analyze the static voltage stability using continuation power flow method. The study has been carried out on IEEE 37-Bus Test System with regression analysis using Mat lab and Psat software’s and results are presented
The Effect of Defect Disorder on the Electronic Structure of Rutile TiO2-x

The purpose of this work is to study the effect of bulk point defects on the electronic structure of rutile TiO2. The paper is focused on the effect of oxygen nonstoichiometry in the form of oxygen vacancies, Ti interstitials and Ti vacancies and related defect disorder on the band gap width and on the local energy levels inside the band gap. Ab initio density functional theory is used to calculate the formation energies of such intrinsic defects and to detect the positions of these defect induced energy levels in order to visualize the tendency of forming local mid-gap bands. Apart from the formation energy of the Ti vacancies (where experimental data do not exist) our calculated results of the defect formation energies are in fair agreement with the experimental results and the defect energy levels consistently support the experimental observations. The calculated results indicate that the exact position of defect energy levels depends on the estimated band gap and also the charge state of the point defects of TiO2.
Effect of Parameter Tuning on Performance of Cuckoo Search Algorithm for Optimal Reactive Power Dispatch

Abstract This paper presents an effective optimization algorithm to solve the optimal reactive power dispatch (ORPD) problem. Cuckoo search (CS) algorithm is a recently invented reliable optimization technique for obtaining near global optimization. The CS was inspired by the obligate brood parasitism of some cuckoo species by laying their eggs in the nests of host birds. In cuckoo search optimization algorithm, parameter tuning is very important for finding the solution. In this paper, optimal reactive power dispatch is carried out for reducing real power losses in a power system. The ORPD problem has been solved as the single objective nonlinear constrained optimization problem with equality and inequality constraints for minimization of power losses. The control variables for ORPD problem considered are the generators voltage and transformers tap settings. Effect of various parameters on the performance of CS algorithm has been analyzed by applying it for ORPD problem in the standard IEEE 30-bus test system. Keywords—optimal reactive power dispatch problem, cuckoo search algorithm, real power loss.
Aesthetic Functional Area Protection (AFAP): a new concept for prevention of ceramic chipping with zirconia frameworks

Chipping of the ceramic veneer is reported as a common event when using copings made with zirconium-oxide based for fixed dental prostheses (FDPs). Inadequate support of the veneering ceramic by the zirconia substructure IS considered one of the possible causes of this complication. In this article, a new technical method for prevention of ceramic chipping with zirconia frameworks, the Aesthetic Functional Area Protection (AFAP), IS presented.
Broken Promises : Forest Revenue-Sharing in Cameroon

Executive Summary In Central Africa, most governments have introduced mechanisms to redirect more of the benefits from the extractive use of forests to the regions where logging is taking place. Several governments are in the process of designing or implementing forestry revenue tax/fee distribution schemes whose objectives are decentralization, poverty alleviation, and promotion of local development. Cameroon has been a leader in this endeavor, with a system that distributes half of its Annual Forestry Fee (referred to herein by its French acronym, RFA [redevance forestière annuelle]) revenues to decentralized public authorities (40%) and villages (10%) that are adjacent to exploited forests. These funds are targeted at furthering local economic development, poverty reduction, and conflict abatement in and among villages adjacent to forests, forestry companies, and the government.
Political Hazards, Experience and Sequential Entry Strategies: The International Expansion of Japanese Firms, 1980-1998

We extend the stages model of internationalization to incorporate a sophisticated consideration of temporal and cross-national variation in the credibility of the policy environment. Using a sample of 6,570 international expansions of 665 Japanese manufacturing firms, we build on the concepts of uncertainty and experiential learning, to show that firms that had gathered relevant types of international experience were less sensitive to uncertain policy environments. We further highlight an important change in within-country expansion in which firms move to a manufacturing to distribution sequence in countries characterized by uncertain policy environments.
ESD Reviews: Model dependence in multi-model climate ensembles: weighting, sub-selection and out-of-sample testing

Abstract. The rationale for using multi-model ensembles in climate change projections and impacts research is often based on the expectation that different models constitute independent estimates; therefore, a range of models allows a better characterisation of the uncertainties in the representation of the climate system than a single model. However, it is known that research groups share literature, ideas for representations of processes, parameterisations, evaluation data sets and even sections of model code. Thus, nominally different models might have similar biases because of similarities in the way they represent a subset of processes, or even be near-duplicates of others, weakening the assumption that they constitute independent estimates. If there are near-replicates of some models, then treating all models equally is likely to bias the inferences made using these ensembles. The challenge is to establish the degree to which this might be true for any given application. While this issue is recognised by many in the community, quantifying and accounting for model dependence in anything other than an ad-hoc way is challenging. Here we present a synthesis of the range of disparate attempts to define, quantify and address model dependence in multi-model climate ensembles in a common conceptual framework, and provide guidance on how users can test the efficacy of approaches that move beyond the equally weighted ensemble. In the upcoming Coupled Model Intercomparison Project phase 6 (CMIP6), several new models that are closely related to existing models are anticipated, as well as large ensembles from some models. We argue that quantitatively accounting for dependence in addition to model performance, and thoroughly testing the effectiveness of the approach used will be key to a sound interpretation of the CMIP ensembles in future scientific studies.
Optimization of T-shaped Suspension Magnetic Ring for Vertical Axis Wind Turbine

─ Aiming at realizing breeze startup, light wind power generation, a novel T-shaped group of passive magnetic bearing (PMB) with three rings high suspension characteristics was proposed to increase the utilization of wind energy and improve the suspension characteristics of passive bearings. The inner magnetic ring of the T-shaped magnetic ring group adopts an oblique 45° polarization method, which can simultaneously balance radial force and axial force with high suspension characteristics. The static characteristics of the T-shaped magnetic ring group are compared with the traditional double rings which dynamic disturbance characteristics were analyzed in three degrees of freedom (DOF) and the parameters are optimized to achieve the optimal suspension characteristics through methods of Taguchi, response surface with mathematical model. The study shows that the capacity of T-shaped magnetic ring group is 2.5 times which can balance axial force and radial force simultaneously with 40% increase in volume than the double ring. The capacity of T-shaped magnetic ring group is increased by 33.6% and the stiffness is increased by 33.7% after optimized, which meets the requirements of suspension characteristics. When the bearing is disturbed in 3 DOF operation, the stable running state of the bearing can still be maintained due to its selfstabilizing system. It provides a reference for the suspension characteristics of the vertical axis wind turbine suspension system. Index Terms ─ 3 DOF, magnetic bearing, stability, Tshaped magnetic ring group.
Experiences using an open source software library to teach computer vision subjects

Machine vision is an important subject in computer science and engineering degrees. For laboratory experimentaton, it is desirable to have a complete and easy-to-use tool. In this work we present a Java library, oriented to teaching computer vision. We have designed and built the library from the scratch with enfasis on readability and understanding rather than on efciency. However, the library can also be used for research purposes. JavaVis is an open source Java library, oriented to the teaching of Computer Vision. It consists of a framework with several features that meet its demands. It has been designed to be easy to use: the user does not have to deal with internal structures or graphical interface, and should the student need to add a new algorithm it can be done simply enough. Once we sketch the library, we focus on the experience the student gets using this library in several computer vision courses. Our main goal is to fnd out whether the students understand what they are doing, that is, fnd out how much the library helps the student in grasping the basic concepts of computer vision. In the last four years we have conducted surveys to assess how much the students have improved their skills by using this library.
Energy Harvesting Circuit for Radio Frequency Application 无线电频率应用之能量收集电路

Battery-free or autonomous wearable electronics have attracted great interest in both information communication and medical research. Energy harvesting systems for the radio frequency (RF) region feature long-range energy transmission. However, because the RF receiving signal is so weak, the conversion efficiency is low. In this study, to enhance the amplitude of the RF receiving signal, a resonant circuit is constructed in front of the boosting circuit. The impedance matching circuit, the resonant circuit, and the Cockcroft–Walton (CW) circuit are connected to each other. Moreover, the proposed circuit is mounted on the backside of a one-sided directional antenna on a flexible substrate. This antenna is composed of a coplanar waveguide and a slot on the top metal surface and the bottom floating metal layer. The simulated output DC voltage is 2.89 V for an input of 100 mV and a 50-Ω power source at 900 MHz, and the power efficiency is 58.7% for a 10MΩ load resistance. In our design method, it is easy to increase the output voltage by optimizing the element number of the CW circuit and the quality factor of the LC resonant circuit.
Self-Esteem, Shame and Personal Motivation

Evidence from psychology suggests that overconfidence is more important in North America than in Japan. The pattern is reversed for shame, an emotion that appears to play a more important role among Japanese than North Americans. We develop a model that endogenizes these differences, building on a tradeoff between the benefits of encouraging self-improvement and the benefits of promoting initiative and new investments. Overconfidence and high sensitivity to shame emerge as substitute mechanisms to induce efficient decisions. We identify the key equilibrium costs as well as benefits of reliance on each mechanism, and the implications for welfare.
Quelles questions éthiques posent la production de palmier à huile et la recherche sur les biocarburants

At present, palm oil and biofuels arouse both hopes and fears. Palm oil, which is very important for the economy of several Asian and African countries and is used mostly by the food industry and oleochemisty, and very little as for biofuels, has positive and negative impacts on the use of land and the climate. Its production is often criticized from a social point of view and the quality of its oil is discussed from a nutritional point of view. A number of devices are set to encourage firms growing palm trees to have an ethical and deontological approach. Agricultural research institutions (and researchers individually) are increasingly constrained by ethical issues related to biofuels. In France, the Joint Ethics Committee of Inra (Institut national de la recherche agronomique) and Cirad (Centre de cooperation internationale en recherche agronomique pour le developpement) has recently worked on this question. Biofuels appear as a revealing (in the chemical sense) of a crack in the ethos of those institutions. Cirad and Inra both carry out mission-oriented research. For years, researchers have worked to increase productivity and agricultural revenues, improve food security and market stabilization, reduce inequalities, etc. This mission-oriented research was a moral bail to agricultural productivity. Environmental damages provoked by agriculture and development policies leading to a wide range of problems are undermining the ethos of the two research institutions. Biofuels research, in large terms, is revealing difficulties as different research issues are competing among themselves. The Committee recommended revising the meaning of "mission-oriented research" and made specific recommendations on how to deal with some ethical questions related to biofuels research.