Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
When Representation Matters : The Interaction of Heterogeneous Interests and Representation

Representative bureaucracy theory assumes that different demographic groups hold different political values or interests. In this study, we consider how the bureaucratic context may shape whether a particular demographic distinction is likely to represent a meaningful divergence of policy interests, and how this divergence of policy interests may shape the link between passive and active bureaucratic representation. Using a dataset of Texas schools, we measure a potential divergence of policy interests among ethnic lines by computing the socioeconomic disparity between Hispanic and white students within each school (using percent low-income as a measure of socioeconomic class). We then interact this measure of potential policy divergence with a measure of passive Hispanic representation in models predicting Hispanic student outcomes. We find that Hispanic teachers have a larger positive effect on Hispanic student outcomes in settings where there is a large socioeconomic disparity between whites and Hispanics.
New karyotype of Lygosoma bowringii suggests cryptic diversity

Karyotypes of most species of reptiles are characterized by having two distinct size groups of chromosomes, called macroand microchromosomes. Microchromosomes are very small “dot-shaped” chromosomes whose centromere positions are undetectable under conventional light microscopic analysis of metaphase plates. This karyotypic structure is termed bimodal (Morescalchi, 1977). In birds, the microchromosomes are generally less than 20 Mb in size (Axelsson et al., 2005). However, they are an indispensable part of the genome and differ from supernumerary B-chromosomes. By contrast, karyotypes showing few or no microchromosomes are called unimodal. These are observed in all crocodiles and several families of squamate reptiles (Olmo and Signorino, 2005). Interestingly, among squamates, unimodal karyotypes are found in lacertid lizards (Lacertidae) and geckos (Gekkota) but rarely in other groups (Srikulnath et al., 2014, 2015). Compared with mammals, which exhibit higher karyotypic diversity between related species and even within species (Dobigny et al., 2017), birds and most non-avian reptiles generally tend to have more conserved karyotypes. It is likely that in squamate reptiles karyotypic features are usually conserved at least at the family or even suborder level with relatively small variation (Srikulnath et al., 2009, 2013; Pokorná et al., 2011, 2015). Karyotypes of most skinks (Scincidae) are bimodal and have diploid numbers of 28–32 chromosomes (Olmo and Signorino, 2005). Comparative chromosome painting for five species of this family revealed that linkage groups of chromosomes are highly conserved among species, with several chromosomal rearrangements differing Scincinae and Lygosominae, and less variation within the subfamilies (Caputo et al., 1994; Giovannotti et Herpetology Notes, volume 11: 1083-1088 (2018) (published online on 19 December 2018)
Biologie , transport , complexité Biology , transportation , complexity

As a result of some of the analogies between biology and transport, including the concepts of evolution and selection, we are wondering whether some ideas and methods used in biology may not be used to provide research avenues within the field of transportation. We are interested in the idea of complexity, which is common to the two scientific fields, but not treated in the same way by either of the two disciplines. By observing the way in which systemic biology has developed, from a largely “data-driven” approach to research guided by data, we are questioning whether such a direction would be possible in the field of transportation. This investigation also leads us to ask questions about “modules”, or the boundaries of the subsystems studied in the field of transportation, through the observation that molecular biology defines these boundaries in terms of the function of the subsystems. In conclusion, we are expressing the notion that these comparisons will lead to new research avenues in the field of transportation.
A Management Innovation Approach to Project Planning Haven Allahar

The study of the theory and practice of innovation continues to generate considerable research articles and projects from academic and practical perspectives. The field has been broadened to include an array of innovation-related topics such as innovation management, open innovation triggered by the Internet, innovation in services as opposed to the traditional product focus, technology innovation, and management innovation as a more recent focus on non-technological innovation involving the employment of different organizational development tools by managers (Birkinshaw et al., 2008; erne et al., 2015). While the focus on technological innovation remains critical to the sustainability and performance of leading firms, there is increasing attention being paid to the development and implementation of non-technological innovation initiatives (Meuer, 2014). This article focuses on management innovation, also referred to as organizational, administrative, and managerial innovation (Damanpour, 2014), and particularly the cutting-edge tools implemented by organizational managers over the past three decades. The key perspectives obtained from the literature and past and current management practice are described, and the most relevant management innovation tools are reviewed for an understanding of those tools that are applicable to the context of a small project development consulting firm. The question addressed is: “Which management innovation tools can be combined by a consulting firm for delivering project planning services? ”
Title Assessing potential countermeasures against the dengueepidemic in non-tropical urban cities

Right © 2016 Masui et al. This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give ppropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. Type Journal Article
Chapter 7. Human Resource Management in the United Arab Emirates

As British forces withdrew from the Middle East, seven sheikhdoms on the northeast horn of the Arabian Peninsula agreed to join a loose confederation giving each emirate substantial autonomy, except in a few policy areas reserved in their constitution for federal control (e.g., defense, education and foreign policy). Abu Dhabi, Dubai, Sharjah, Ajman, Um Al Quwain, Ras Al Khaimah and Fujairah came together in 1971 and 1972 to form the United Arab Emirates (UAE).
An empirical exercise on CIS data

The failure to innovate has been only recently recognised as one of the key elements of the firms' innovative performance, and is thus giving rise to a blooming literature. Indeed, many papers have addressed the issue of failure in innovation, highlighting several of the constraints binding firms innovative efforts. However, this literature has focused only on the determinants of firms' failure, neglecting the role of failure in spurring also innovative activity. Indeed, failure has been recognised as a powerful mechanism for organisational learning. In this paper, the relationship between innovative performance and failure to innovate is investigated through the use of the 2008 CIS Innovation survey. This paper's results highlight that, first, the probability of abandoning an innovative project is decreased by organisational experience and by the utilisation of external flows of knowledge. Moreover, vicarious learning is possible insofar as it is associated to the building of absorptive capacity. In turn, failure is a crucial element in spurring the production of innovation by firms, as it is an important element of learning, thus constituting a crucial element in determining the pace and the rate of innovation produced by European firms. However, while abandoned innovative activity is a positive determinants of innovation, when the same activity is postponed, it turns out to become a liability for innovation production.
Coupled Electromagnetic Field Computation with External Circuit for the Evaluation the Performance of Electric Motor Designs

In this paper, a set of PM machine's designs, having the similar level of nominal input and outputs i.e. voltage, torque, and speed were compared to evaluate the effectiveness of a computational design procedure. The designs include the machines with distributed winding arrangements, different number of slots, different pole widths, and different slot opening shapes. The physical characteristics of machines such as the cogging torque, back emf, flux linkages, and inductances were calculated from a 2D nonlinear transient finite element analysis with motion. The torque and speed profiles of all of the machines were calculated from the phase variable modeling approach. The phase variable model is a database representation of the machine's numerical model and it allows computationally efficient dynamic simulation of the coupled problem with realistic physics-based design. The phase variable models of the machines were linked to the driving circuit to determine the mutual effect of machine design parameter and the drive topology on the performance measures of machines.
HIV-1 SUBTYPE EPIDEMICS IN ETHIOPIA : AN ASSESSMENT OF THE PREVALENCE OF NON C-SUBTYPES IN ADDIS ABABA

The present study was conducted to assess the possible influx of new HIY-1 subtypes into the population of Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. In an unlinked anonymous cross sectional study, 150 commercial sex workers (CSW) reporting in 1997 to blo STD clinics in Addis AbabaKazanchis and Tekle-Haimanot were enrolled. For HIY-1 subtyping, the WHO algorithm of peptide ELISA followed by heteroduplex mobility assay (HMA) and DNA sequencing was carried out. The HIY-1 prevalence among the CSW was 44.7% (67/150). Peptide ELISA identified 46.3% (31/67) plasma samples to be reactive with subtype C peptides; 30% (20/67) to be reactive with both subtype C and A peptides; 3% (2/67) to be reactive with peptides A, C and D; 1.5% (1/67) with peptides Band D and 1.5% (1/67) with peptides C and D. Six (9%) samples were indeterminate (OD just below cut-off) and another 6 (9%) were non-reactive. Subtyping performed with HMA identified 86.5% (58/67) as subtype C, 6% (4/67) as subtype A and 1.5% (1/67) as subtype D. Four plasma samples remained untypable using this technique. DNA sequencing of the gp120 Y3 regions of 8 samples (2 subtype C, 3 subtype A, 2 untypable and 1 aberrant sample by HMA) clustered all in subtype C. One subtype D sample by HMA was found to belong to the same subtype by sequencing. Four samples remained un typable by sequencing. In general, 95.5% (64/67) were subtype C, 1.5% (1/67) subtype D and 3% (2/67) were untypable. In conclusion, although this study provides evidence for influx of a non-subtype C HIY-1 strain (D) into Addis Ababa, the far majority of HIY-1 infections in this city remain of subtype C.
Temporal and stage-specific variation in mite-induced responses of tomato plants

Herbivory induces plant defenses. These responses are often costly, yet enable plants under attack to reach a higher fitness than they would have reached without these defenses. Spider mites (Tetranychus spp.) are polyphagous plant-pests. While most strains of the species T. urticae induce defenses at the expense of their performance, the species T. evansi suppresses plant defenses and thereby maintains a high performance. Most data indicate that suppression is a mite-adaptive trait. Suppression is characterized by a massive down-regulation of plant geneexpression compared to plants infested with defense-inducing mites as well as compared to control plants, albeit to a lesser extent. Therefore we hypothesized that suppression may also benefit a plant since the resources saved during downregulation could be used to increase reproduction. To test this hypothesis, we compared fruit and viable seed production of uninfested tomato plants with that of plants infested with defense-inducing or defense-suppressing mites. Mite-infested plants produced fruits faster than control plants albeit in lower total amounts. The T. evansi-infested plants produced the lowest number of fruits. However, the number of viable seeds was equal across treatments at the end of the experiment. Nonetheless, at this stage control plants were still alive and productive and therefore reach a higher lifetime fitness than mite-infested plants. Our results indicate that plants have plastic control over reproduction and can speed up fruitand seed production when conditions are unfavorable. Moreover, we showed that although suppressed plants are less productive in terms of fruit production than induced plants, their lifetime fitness was equal under laboratory conditions. However, under natural conditions the fitness of plants such as tomato will also depend on the efficiency of seed dispersal by animals. Hence we argue that the fitness of induced plants in the field may be promoted more by their higher fruit production relative to that of their suppressed counterparts. Frontiers in Plant Science 8: 2128 (2017) 141 5 JieLiu-chap5_Gerben-chap1.qxd 01/08/2018 00:12 Page 141
Synthesis and Characterization of Some Hydroxylated Chalcones by using BF3.Et2O via Claisen-Schmidt Condensation

Indian spices that provide flavor, color, and aroma to food also possess many therapeuticproperties. So the present study was aimed to extract the phytochemical compounds in Pipercubeba, used as food fortifiers. The extract was investigated for the richness of its bioactivecompounds. The aqueous of P. cubeba extract was subjected to sensitive gas chromatography– mass spectroscopy GC-MS analysis revealed 10 chemical constituents. Extract exhibits potentially bioactive major constituents like Cyclohexanol, Carbamic acid, p-Methoxyamphetamine, Bioxirane and Linalol. Further presented the total carbohydrate, elements, such as Ca, Mg, Se, K and Fe were in highest proportion in the aqueous extract ofPiper cubeba. The aqueous extract was injected to HPLC to detect the phenolic compounds inthe extract like Gallic acid, Caffeic acid,Syringic acid, Ferulicacid,Rutin and Catechin. Wehave investigated the antimicrobial activity of water extract from P. Cubeba against majorskin pathogens Staphylococccus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa , Proteus vulgaris andKoucria rosia. The presence of some phytochemicals (saponins, alkaloids, flavonoids,cardiac glycosides, tannins and terpenoids) and some essential minerals proves that it is reallyan alternative source of medicine.
Working Paper Series 48 / 2006 Immigration to the Welfare State . Is it a Burden or a Contribution ? The Case of Sweden

Introduction During the post-war years, the number of immigrants in Sweden has increased rapidly. In 1940, the proportion of foreign-born persons of the total population of the country amounted to only 1%. The corresponding proportion had increased to nearly 7% in 1970 and to about 11% at the beginning of this millennium, which is to about 1 million individuals. About 50% of the foreign born individuals living in Sweden today have acquired Swedish citizenship. Moreover, there is a growing group of so-called secondgeneration immigrants, that is, children born in Sweden with at least one parent born abroad. This group amounts to about 800,000 individuals today. Thus, the total number of first and second-generation immigrants amounts to about 1.8 million individuals. This is 20 % of the total population in Sweden.
More Efficient Exact Group-Invariance Testing: using a Representative Subgroup

Non-parametric tests based on permutation, rotation or sign-flipping are examples of group-invariance tests. These tests test invariance of the null distribution under a set of transformations that has a group structure, in the algebraic sense. Such groups are often huge, which makes it computationally infeasible to test using the entire group. Hence, it is standard practice to test using a randomly sampled set of transformations from the group. This random sample still needs to be substantial to obtain good power and replicability. We improve upon this standard practice by using a well-designed subgroup of transformations instead of a random sample. The resulting subgroup-invariance test is still exact, as invariance under a group implies invariance under its subgroups. We illustrate this in a generalized location model and obtain more powerful tests based on the same number of transformations. In particular, we show that a subgroup-invariance test is consistent for lower signal-to-noise ratios than a test based on a random sample. For the special case of a normal location model and a particular design of the subgroup, we show that the power improvement is equivalent to the power difference between a Monte Carlo $Z$-test and a Monte Carlo $t$-test.
A COMPARATIVE STUDY OF TRADITIONAL AND MODERN IRRIGATION SYSTEMS MANAGEMENT FOR IRRIGATING DATE PALM TREES IN NEWLY RECLAIMED LANDS

field experiment was conducted in newly reclaimed sand soil to find out the most efficient combination between irrigation system and deficit irrigation management can be used for date palm trees “Zaghlol cultivar”. Results revealed that the average water requirements of date palm trees gradually increased from 1504, 1279, 1128 and 978 for drip to 2522, 2143, 1891, and 1639 m3/fedSeason for bubbler irrigation system in combination with 100, 85, 75 and 65% deficit irrigation treatments respectively. Data indicated that EC1:5 in dS/m gradually increased with decreasing deficit irrigation levels from 100 to 65% and with increasing soil layer depth to 60-90 cm either in parallel or perpendicular direction of drip or bubbler irrigation lines. While opposite result was observed for soil moisture distribution. Results showed an evident decrease in crop yield as affected by water stress associated with decreasing deficit irrigation treatments from 100 to 85, 75 and 65 % by about 167, 155, 153, 151 for drip and 181.5, 168, 172 and 169 kg/Tree for bubbler irrigation systems. Data revealed that water use efficiency increased from 0.10 for 100 % DI to 0.93, 0.83 and 0.64 m3/kg for 85, 75 and 65 % deficit irrigation under drip and slightly decreased from 0.16 for 100 % DI to 0.14, 0.12 and 0.11 m3/kg for bubbler irrigation systems respectively. It could be concluded that the best method for managing irrigation of date palm trees "Zaghloul cultivar" in the study area is the irrigation using bubbler system with 75% deficit irrigation treatment. This combination treatment gave acceptable yield of about 172 kg/tree with saving a substantial amount of Irrigation water reached to about 25% (1891 m3/fed or 22 m3/tree) with WUE of about 8.09 kg/m3.
SDRTV-to-HDRTV Conversion via Spatial-Temporal Feature Fusion

HDR(High Dynamic Range) video can reproduce realistic scenes more realistically, with a wider gamut and broader brightness range. HDR video resources are still scarce, and most videos are still stored in SDR (Standard Dynamic Range) format. Therefore, SDRTV-to-HDRTV Conversion (SDR video to HDR video) can significantly enhance the user's video viewing experience. Since the correlation between adjacent video frames is very high, the method utilizing the information of multiple frames can improve the quality of the converted HDRTV. Therefore, we propose a multi-frame fusion neural network \textbf{DSLNet} for SDRTV to HDRTV conversion. We first propose a dynamic spatial-temporal feature alignment module \textbf{DMFA}, which can align and fuse multi-frame. Then a novel spatial-temporal feature modulation module \textbf{STFM}, STFM extracts spatial-temporal information of adjacent frames for more accurate feature modulation. Finally, we design a quality enhancement module \textbf{LKQE} with large kernels, which can enhance the quality of generated HDR videos. To evaluate the performance of the proposed method, we construct a corresponding multi-frame dataset using HDR video of the HDR10 standard to conduct a comprehensive evaluation of different methods. The experimental results show that our method obtains state-of-the-art performance. The dataset and code will be released.
Towards context-free semantic localisation

We propose a context-free semantic localisation approach to visualise and analyse indoor movements. We focus on settings where indoor location or rooms have strongly associated semantics, such as hospitals. We describe an approach that can work with different localisation systems, with little knowledge of the physical space properties, and with minimal bootstrapping required. We propose a movement representation that consists of time-encoded strings, and discuss how our approach can be used for analysing and visualising longitudinal indoor localisation data.
Scientometric analysis of Current Science

This article presents a scientometric analysis of Current Science. The publications of the journal have been analysed for a 28-year period (1990–2017). Several different parameters such as output pattern, collaboration trend, citation pattern, contributing countries and organizations, highly cited papers, etc. have been analysed. Graphs of keyword co-occurrences have also been generated to analyse the important themes of research and their trends over the years. The journal has been in existence for more than 85 years and, according to our knowledge there have been no earlier attempts towards its scientometric characterization. We find that the journal output has increased over the years. The authorship trend is found to be towards multi-authored papers. A fair percentage of the publications in the journal is cited. The rate of international collaboration is, however, not very high and most of the publications in the journal are from India. Major change is observed in the themes and trends of content published in Current Science during the study period, although the journal has remained India-focused.
WP / 1 4 / 237 Centrality-based Capital Allocations

We look at the effect of capital rules on a banking system that is connected through correlated credit exposures and interbank lending. The rules, which combine individual bank characteristics and interconnectivity measures of interbank lending, are to minimize a measure of system-wide losses. Using the detailed German Credit Register for estimation, we find capital rules based on eigenvectors to dominate any other centrality measure, followed by closeness. Compared to the baseline case, capital reallocation based on the Adjacency Eigenvector saves about 15% in system losses as measured by expected bankruptcy costs. JEL Classification Numbers: G21; G28; C15; C81