Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Specificity of Chroomonas (Cryptophyceae) as a source of kleptochloroplast for Nusuttodinium aeruginosum (Dinophyceae)

The unarmoured dinoflagellate Nusuttodinium aeruginosum retains a kleptochloroplast, which is a transient chloroplast stolen from members of the cryptomonad genus, Chroomonas. Both N. aeruginosum and the closely related N. acidotum have been shown to restrict their diet to a limited number of species of this blue‐green genus of cryptophyte. However, it is still unclear how flexible the predators are with regard to the ingestion and utilization of Chroomonas spp. as a source of kleptochloroplast. To address specificity of cryptomonad in N. aeruginosum, we collected the cells of N. aeruginosum from several ponds in Japan, and analysed the phylogeny of the kleptochloroplasts based on their plastidial 16S rDNA sequences. All sequences obtained in this study were restricted to only one (the subclade 4) of four subclades known to comprise the Chroomonas/Hemiselmis clade. Therefore, N. aeruginosum is specific in its dietary requirements, selecting their prey within the subclade level.
Laparoscopic treatment of endometriosis

Endometriosis is a chronic disease, difficult to treat and occurring in 6–10% of women at reproductive age [1]. The most common symptoms of endometriosis are: dysmenorrhea, dyspareunia, dysmenorrhea, infertility. Therapeutic methods used in endometriosis are: pharmacological treatment focused primarily on alleviating pain, surgery and the combination of both. The gold standard in endometrial surgery is laparoscopy. Diagnostic laparoscopy performed to confirm endometriosis is an effective method that allows for quick diagnosis. Due to laparoscopy, usually a long-term, analgesictherapy, which cannot effectively cure and improve the quality of patients’ European Journal of Medical Technologies 2016; 4(13): 36-41 Copyright © 2016 by ISASDMT All rights reserved www. medical-technologies.eu Published online 31.12. 2016 EJMT 4(13) 2016 • European Journal of Medical Technologies 37 Copyright © 2016 by ISASDMT Introduction Endometriosis is a chronic disease, difficult to treat and occurring in 6–10% of women at reproductive age [1]. Among women treated for infertility, the occurrence of endometriosis increases to 35–50%. The disease involves the presence of endometrial tissue (including stromal cells and glandular cells) outside the uterine cavity. The most common symptoms of endometriosis are: pain, menstrual disorders, infertility. Clinically, the pain is in the form of dysmenorrhea (about 50–60%), dyspareunia, abdominal pain radiating to the back or pain in the lumbar region. Often, the pain lasts for years and becomes a chronic pain (more than 6 months). The time from the first symptoms occurrence to the diagnosis of endometriosis takes on average 8–10 years. This diagnostic delay has an impact on the choice of the optimal treatment and contributes to the worsening of results. The therapeutic methods used in endometriosis are: pharmacological treatment focused mainly on alleviating pain, surgeries and the combination of both. The gold standard in endometriosis surgeries is laparoscopy. Unfortunately, the treatment is often ineffective, with a high frequency of recurrences in the case of the lack of radical excision of lesions. The most common locations of endometrial implants are: pelvic peritoneum, ovaries and rectovaginal septum. Less often, endometriosis is diagnosed in the colon, bladder, diaphragm or in remote places such as the lungs, navel, pericardium.
Immunopathologic Features of Inflammatory Coats Disease

Financial Disclosure: None. Correspondence: Dr SchalijDelfos, Department of Ophthalmology (J3T), Leiden University Medical Centre, PO Box 9600, 2300 RC Leiden, The Netherlands (n.e .schalij-delfos@lumc.nl). Acknowledgment: We thank the medical, nursing, and ancillary staff of the Obstetric Department and Neonatal Intensive Care Unit; C. J. Hauptfleisch, MD, PhD, Neonatologist, Department of Pediatrics; F. J. Smiers, MD, PhD, Pediatric Hematooncologist, Department of Pediatric Hemato-Oncology; L. Liauw, MD, Radiologist, Department of Radiology; J. E. E. Keunen, MD, PhD, Ophthalmologist, Department of Ophth almology; and J. V. M. G. Bovee, MD, PhD, Pathologist, Department of Pathology; Leiden University Medical Centre, Leiden, the Netherlands.
An improved method for the large-scale processing of woad (Isatis tinctoria) for possible commercial production of woad indigo

Abstract The increasing use of alternative crops has meant the introduction of new technologies to process their products. In this work, an alternative method is presented for the extraction of natural indigo from woad (Isatis tinctoria) based on a technique used to extract indigo fromIndigoferaspp. This method does not rely on the old fermentation procedure used throughout Northern Europe and is cheap, clean and efficient. Evolved from laboratory-based tests, it involves steeping the leaves at low pH in warm water and extracting the indigo at a higher pH, followed by ultra-filtration of the product, which is then left to air-dry. Problems encountered during the development of the technique and how they were overcome are discussed.
Design Considerations on Glyph Placement Strategies

While glyph design is well researched and several placement techniques have been suggested, how to place glyphs in practice is not straightforward. Based on literature, we structure the problem space of glyph placement in three main categories: context-driven placement, placement of data collections, and placement of data samples. Following this categorization, we discuss several design considerations. Additionally, we highlight dependencies on task, user and data that prohibit the formulation of generally applicable guidelines.
Serodiagnosis of Babesia equi in horses submitted to exercise stress

A complement fixation test (CFT), performed in microtitre plates, based upon the use of crude antigenic preparation of Babesia equi was adapted for the detection of antibodies in serum of infected horses. The indirect fluorescent antibody test (IFAT) and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) were also used for the immunodiagnosis of B. equi. Serum samples from 15 apparently healthy horses, previously conditioned to a high-speed equine treadmill, were taken before and after exercise. All the samples analyzed were positive for B. equi infection. There were no significant differences (P<0.01) between these 3 tests, or the condition of rest or stress. The combined use of CFT and IFAT or ELISA should be recommended in order to enable veterinary services to more efficiently prevent introduction of infected horses into disease-free areas.
Recommendation techniques in forensic data analysis: a new approach

Data mining for digital forensic analysis is a branch of Computer Science focused on pattern extraction from largescale data which has been used to support analysts when trying to solve crimes. One of the most promising applications of data mining algorithms is to build recommendation systems, aiming to propose future directions to the investigation and to guide the analyst through the process. In this paper we propose a new approach, architecture and framework with the purpose of taking advantage of the recommender systems techniques to the forensic field and provide examples of their applicability to different use cases involving large scale collections of multimedia information related to a defined forensic case.
Characterization of reactive transport by 3‐D electrical resistivity tomography (ERT) under unsaturated conditions

The leaching of nitrate from intensively used arable soil is of major concern in many countries. In this study, we show how time lapse electrical resistivity tomography (ERT) can be used to characterize spatially heterogeneous processes of ion production, consumption, and transport in soils. A controlled release fertilizer was introduced into an undisturbed soil core in a laboratory lysimeter and subjected to infiltration events. The production of ions resulting from processes associated with nitrification and their transport through the soil core was observed by time lapse ERT and analysis of seepage water samples from a multicompartment sampler. ERT images show development and propagation of a high‐conductivity plume from the fertilizer source zone. Molar amounts of nitrate produced in and exported from the soil core could be well reproduced by time lapse ERT using a spatial moment analysis. Furthermore, we observed that several shape measures of local breakthrough‐curves (BTCs) of seepage water conductivity and nitrate derived by effluent analyses and BTCs of bulk conductivity derived by ERT are highly correlated, indicating the preservation of spatial differences of the plume breakthrough in the ERT data. Also differences between nitrate breakthrough and a conservative tracer breakthrough can be observed by ERT. However, the estimation of target ion concentrations by ERT is error bound and the smoothing algorithm of the inversion masks spatial conductivity differences. This results in difficulties reproducing spatial differences of ion source functions and variances of travel times. Despite the observed limitations, we conclude that time lapse ERT can be qualitatively and quantitatively informative with respect to processes affecting the fate of nitrate in arable soils.
Nanostructural temporal evolution and solute partitioning in model NI-based superalloys containing ruthenium, rhenium, and tungsten

Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and atom-probe tomography (APT) are employed to study the growth and coarsening kinetics of γ’-precipitates and the solute partitioning behavior in a series of model superalloys based on a Ni-8.5Cr-10Al at. % composition with Ru, Ru-Re, or Ru-Re-W additions, during isothermal aging at 800oC up to 256 h. Substituting Ru for Ni is found to retard the growth and coarsening kinetics of the γ’-precipitates; Re and W additions decrease the coarsening rate constant further by an order of magnitude. The exponent of the temporal power law for the precipitate radius is n = (3.3 ± 0.1) and the time exponent for the number density is m = (-0.82 ± 0.06) for all three alloys, independent of coherency strain energy differences between the three alloys. The aluminum concentration in the γ’-precipitates is found to decrease continuously with aging time, which is consistent with a nucleation and growth precipitation process.
Effect of stress on NiO reduction in solid oxide fuel cells: a new application of energy-resolved neutron imaging

Recently, two new phenomena linking stress field and reduction rates in anode-supported solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs) have been demonstrated, so-called accelerated creep during reduction and reduction rate enhancement and nucleation due to stress (Frandsen et al., 2014). These complex phenomena are difficult to study and it is demonstrated here that energy-resolved neutron imaging is a feasible technique for combined mechanics-chemical composition studies of SOFC components, including commercially produced ones. Cermet anode supports, which prior to the measurements were reduced under varying conditions such as different temperatures, various times and different values of applied stress, have been measured. Thus, samples with different contents (and gradients) of Ni and NiO phases were investigated. The first Bragg edge transmission neutron measurements applied for the studies of the reduction progress in these samples were performed at two neutron beamline facilities (ISIS in the UK, Helmholtz Zentrum Berlin in Germany). The obtained results demonstrate the possibility to image and distinguish NiO and Ni phases within SOFC anode supports by energy-resolved neutron imaging and the potential of the neutron imaging method for in situ studies of reduction processes. (Less)
A Lexical Approach for Opinion Mining in Twitter

The blossoming of a significant number of social networking sites, blogs, and microblogs has given a podium for general masses to voice their opinion regarding social topics, economic issues, political matters, market trends etc. However, this sudden eruption of review data had opened floodgates to unmanageable records as it is almost impossible for any individual or organization to manually extract any useful information from it. Opinion mining or sentimental analysis is a natural language processing which can obtain the opinion or feeling of people about any particular product or subject. The main focus of this paper is to find a method to perform sentiment analysis of Twitter which is one of the most prevalent microblogging sites. The lexical method proposed in this paper classifies the tweets as positive, negative or neutral depending on the polarity of the words in it. Also, the role of negation words has been investigated.
Biodiversity and vulnerability in a 3D mutualistic system

In this paper we study a three dimensional mutualistic model of two plants in competition and a pollinator with cooperative relation with plants. We compare the dynamical properties of this system with the associated one under absence of the pollinator. We observe how cooperation is a common fact to increase biodiversity, which it is known that, generically, holds for general mutualistic dynamical systems in Ecology as introduced in [4]. We also give mathematical evidence on how a cooperative species induces an increased biodiversity, even if the species is push to extinction. For this fact, we propose a necessary change in the model formulation which could explain this kind of phenomenon.
An Analysis of a Standard Reactor Cascade and a Step-Feed Reactor Cascade for Biological Processes Described by Monod Kinetics

Abstract We analyse the steady-state operation of two types of reactor cascade without recycle. The first is a standard reactor cascade in which the feed stream enters into the first reactor. The second is a step-feed reactor cascade in which an equal proportion of the feed stream enters each reactor in the cascade. The reaction is assumed to be a biological process governed by Monod growth kinetics with a decay coefficient for the microorganisms. The steady-states of both models are found for an arbitrary number of reactors and their stability determined as a function of the residence time. We show that in a step-feed reactor cascade the substrate and biomass concentrations leaving the reactor of the cascade are identical to those leaving the first reactor of the cascade. We further show that this result is true for a general specific growth rate of the form μ (S,X). Thus for such processes the non-standard cascade offers no advantage over that of a single reactor. This is surprising because the use of a non-standard cascade has been proposed as a mechanism to improve the biological treatment of wastewater.
Predictors of Mortality and Morbidity in Infants with CDH

Congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH) accounts for 8% of all major congenital anomalies with an incidence of 1 in 2000 to 4000 births (Doyle & K.P. Lally 2004). It is associated with significant mortality and morbidity (Abdullah et al., 2009). Survival data for CDH are conflicting; a few centers reported 82% to 93% survival rate (Javid et al., 2004; Grushka et al., 2009; Mettauer et al., 2009) while others had significantly less figures (54%-56%) (Colvin et al., 2005; Levison et al., 2006). This divergence in survival data has been attributed to case selection bias at single tertiary care institutions because as many as 35% of live-born infants with CDH do not survive to transport resulting in a hidden mortality for this condition (Harrison et al., 1978; Colvin et al.; 2005, V.K. Mah et al., 2009). Hidden mortality is referred to patients who die before surgery, either during gestation or shortly after birth, and thus are not reported by individual institutions (Harrison et al., 1994).
Comparative study of antibacterial activity of ripen and unripen Indigenous Citrus union of Assam, India

Citrus fruits are acidic fruits of family Rutaceae. They contain healthy nutritional content that are important for the body. Other than nutritional content they also have antioxidant, antimicrobial, insect repellent, medicinal and many other properties. Microorganisms are responsible for many of the diseases. They are present everywhere in the environment. Different synthetic drugs are available in the market which can be used against microbes. But, microorganims become resistant to the available drugs. Alternative medicine or biocompounds are required which can replace the function of synthetic drugs. Citrus in different forms i.e extract in different solvents have strong antibacterial and antifungal properties. The extract of simple distilled water also has significant result. Citrus is eaten mainly in ripen form. Citrus juice may be consumed directly after extraction of the juice. This study was performed to to check the antimicrobial activity of juice in ripen form. Unripen juices were also study to compare the activity with the ripen juices. Significant result was found in both the cases.
Study of influence of ACPA in holographic reflection gratings recorded in PVA/AA based photopolymer

The performance of a holographic data storage system depends to a great extent on the quality and the physical properties of the recording medium. The storage capabilities of photopolymer materials are under constant study and for some applications a high spatial frequency material is necessary. In this work, we focus on the study of the influence of 4,4´-Azobis(4-cyanopentanoic acid) ACPA on holographic reflection gratings recorded in a polyvinyl alcohol/acrylamide-based photopolymer with the aim of recording reflection gratings with a spatial frequency of up to 5000 lines/mm. The experimental procedure used to examine the high spatial frequency response of this material is explained and the experimental results presented.
Inventory and distribution of Oligochaeta (Annelida, Clitellata) in first-order streams in preserved areas of the state of Minas Gerais, Brazil

Data resulting from species inventories shed light on the richness and distribution of various groups. In Minas Gerais, work on inventory and distribution of the oligochaetes of lotic environments in preserved areas are non-existent. Therefore, this study aimed to inventory the limnic oligochaetes fauna of first-order streams located in four preserved areas, to expand knowledge of the ecology and distribution of this group. In total, 19 taxa were inventoried, belonging to the families Naididae and Enchytraeidae and the superorder Megadrili (earthworms), with the genus Pristina having the largest number of species. The number of species found in this investigation corresponds to 22% of oligochaetes species recorded in Brazilian aquatic environments. The results obtained add important knowledge of the distribution of some oligochaetes species in Brazil, represent the first records of species for the four preserved areas studied and confirm the first occurrence of various species in the state.
Mechanistic modelling of animal dispersal offers new insights into range expansion dynamics across fragmented landscapes

Understanding and predicting the dynamics of range expansion is a major topic in ecology both for invasive species extending their ranges into non-native regions and for species shifting their natural distributions as a consequence of climate change. In an increasingly modified landscape, a key question is ‘how do populations spread across patchy landscapes? ‘ Dispersal is a central process in range expansion and while there is a considerable theory on how the shape of a dispersal kernel influences the rate of spread, we know much less about the relationships between emigration, movement and settlement rules, and invasion rates. Here, we use a simple, single species individual-based model that explicitly simulates animal dispersal to establish how density-dependent emigration and settlement rules interact with landscape characteristics to determine spread rates. We show that depending on the dispersal behaviour and on the risk of mortality in the matrix, increasing the number of patches does not necessarily maximise the spread rate. This is due to two effects: first, individuals dispersing at the expanding front are likely to exhibit lower net-displacement as they typically do not travel far before finding a patch; secondly, with increasing availability of high quality habitat, density-dependence in emigration and settlement can decrease the number of emigrants and their net-displacement. The rate of spread is ultimately determined by the balance between net travelled distance, the dispersal mortality and the number of dispersing individuals, which in turn depend on the interaction between the landscape and the species’ dispersal behaviour. These results highlight that predicting spread rates in heterogeneous landscapes is a complex task and requires better understanding of the rules that individuals use in emigration, transfer and settlement decisions.
Mobile Cloud Computing Applied in Social TV

: As the growth in technology the usage of personal mobile devices are providing much richer contents and social interactions to users while moving. This trend however is throttled by the limited battery lifetime of mobile devices and interrupted wireless connectivity, to guarantee the possible quality of service faced by mobile users not feasible. The cloud computing technology, with its resources used to overcome the limitations of mobile devices and connections can potentially provide the best platform to support the desired mobile services. Tough challenges arise on how to use the cloud resources to provide mobile services, especially those with severeg9 interaction delay of requirements. In this paper, we intend the design of a Mobile Cloud Computing Applied in Social TV. The system can utilizes both PaaS (Platform-as-a-Service) and IaaS (Infrastructure-as-a-Service) cloud services to provide the living-room experience of video watching to a group of mobile users who can interact socially while sharing the video.
What Drives the Dynamics of Business Growth

Differences in the dynamisms of economies are persistent. Notwithstanding the growing body of evidence documenting these large cross-country differences, our understanding of what drives them is still rather limited. This paper seeks to help close this gap. Using unique data for ten countries the analysis sheds light on the factors that shape the distribution of firm growth and on what role policies play in driving cross-country differences. The paper provides new evidence on the link of labour market regulation, bankruptcy legislation, financial market development and R&D support policies with growth dynamics. The study goes beyond looking at differences in average growth rates as it analyses changes in the whole distribution of firms.
Optimization and development of the Padlock probe technique using in situ detection of nucleic acids

In this project I have optimized and developed the in situ Padlock probe technique for localized RNA and DNA detection. The technique uses a circularizable oligonucleotide to template rolling circle amplification (RCA) product detected with fluorophore-labelled detection probes. The technique is efficient in single-cell analyses for genotyping single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and will hopefully be a future diagnostic tool improving medical treatment.