Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of the systematic recording of diagnostic data in the Valdostana cattle

Abstract At present, in Italy no systematic recording of diagnostic data for improving animal health and welfare at farm level is available. A first approach towards a health recording system for cattle has been attempted in the Aosta Valley, recording the diagnoses of local Valdostana cattle between 2017 and 2018. The objectives of the present study were: (1) to evaluate the strengths and the critical points of the recording system and (2) to determine the incidence of specific diseases for the year 2018 in Valdostana cows. A standardised key with 69 specific diseases was used by 21 veterinarians for registering the diagnoses in a database. Data were collected from almost 80% of the farms present in the Aosta Valley. The main recorded diseases were those affecting the udder, reproductive apparatus, locomotor system and parasitic infections. Diseases affecting the respiratory and digestive system played a minor role. Since the general data loss through data validation was limited (8.8%), the recording system might be considered as an effective tool for gaining an objective overview of the farm health status. Nevertheless, some diagnoses in the recording system have to be more specified for allowing more precise epidemiologic insights. HIGHLIGHTS A health recording system enables farmers and veterinarians to improve animal health and welfare on farm level. Valdostana cattle show lower incidences for some health disorders when compared with literature data from other dairy cattle breeds. More specific diagnoses for parasitoses and claw disorders could be useful for breeding purpose.
Updates Emergency Ischemic Chest Pain

Adel Hamed Elbaih1,2*, Gamela M Nasr3, Alaa El Din M El Kasabi4 and Hossam H Yussef5 1Associate Professor of Emergency Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt 2Associate Professor of Emergency Medicine, Medical Science Department, Faculty of Medicine, Sulaiman Al-Rajhi University, Saudi Arabia 3sProfessor of Cardiology, Faculty of Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt 4Professor of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care, Faculty of Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt 5Resident Physician of Emergency Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
Assessment of medication therapy adherence in glaucoma: scoping review

ABSTRACT Introduction: Glaucoma is an asymptomatic disease, which can cause irreversible blindness, with a worldwide prevalence around 64.3 million people. Adherence to glaucoma treatment is crucial to control the disease and to prevent its complications. Low medication adherence results in a visual loss, which can leads to irreversible blindness. In this sense it is important to know and evaluate adherence to pharmacological therapy among patients with glaucoma. Areas covered: A scoping review was conducted, according to the methodology proposed by Arksey and O’Malley. The databases used were Medical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System Online (MEDLINE) and the Biblioteca do Conhecimento Online (B-on). Our research used as primary sources articles in Portuguese and English. Expert opinion: The identified adherence rates were very different, and the conditions how under medication adherence was assessed were highly variable. These conditions impossibilities a proper comparative study. Further efforts are needed to increase health literacy and thus identify and support patients with low medication adherence rates. It is important that health care personnel could improve patients’ knowledge about the importance of medication adherence, glaucoma disease, and the consequences that result from the lack of treatment.
A Journey through ω-3 Supplements: Future Perspectives for Precision Nutrition

Increasing evidence has shown that fatty acids play a key factor in nutrition and health. Despite the well described health benefits associated to the omega-3 fatty acids (ω-3 FA) intake from epidemiological and clinical trials, controversial results are found from some clinical trials regarding the effect of ω-3 FA supplementation to handle certain diseases. In this review, we provide orientation for the reader to understand the importance of a personalized recommendation of the ω-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid supplementation based on a precision nutrition approach. We begin by reviewing the metabolic relevance of ω-3 fatty acids and then discuss the current state of ω-3 fatty acid supplements regarding their indications, regulation, variety from brand to brand, adverse effects and the need to implement a personalized supplementation. We conclude with future perspectives for practitioners and general guidance on precision nutrition.
Reducing Emergency Department Transfers from Skilled Nursing Facilities Through an Emergency Physician Telemedicine Service

Introduction Transfers of skilled nursing facility (SNF) residents to emergency departments (ED) are linked to morbidity, mortality and significant cost, especially when transfers result in hospital admissions. This study investigated an alternative approach for emergency care delivery comprised of SNF-based telemedicine services provided by emergency physicians (EP). We compared this on-site emergency care option to traditional ED-based care, evaluating hospital admission rates following care by an EP. Methods We conducted a retrospective, observational study of SNF residents who underwent emergency evaluation between January 1, 2017–January 1, 2018. The intervention group was comprised of residents at six urban SNFs in the Northeastern United States, who received an on-demand telemedicine service provided by an EP. The comparison group consisted of residents of SNFs that did not offer on-demand services and were transferred via ambulance to the ED. Using electronic health record data from both the telemedicine and ambulance transfers, our primary outcome was the odds ratio (OR) of a hospital admission. We also conducted a subanalysis examining the same OR for the three most common chronic disease-related presentations found among the telemedicine study population. Results A total of 4,606 patients were evaluated in both the SNF-based intervention and ED-based comparison groups (n=2,311 for SNF based group and 2,295 controls). Patients who received the SNF-based acute care were less likely to be admitted to the hospital compared to patients who were transferred to the ED in our primary and subgroup analyses. Overall, only 27% of the intervention group was transported to the ED for additional care and presumed admission, whereas 71% of the comparison group was admitted (OR for admission = 0.15 [9% confidence interval, 0.13–0.17]). Conclusion The use of an EP-staffed telemedicine service provided to SNF residents was associated with a significantly lower rate of hospital admissions compared to the usual ED-based care for a similarly aged population of SNF residents. Providing SNF-based care by EPs could decrease costs associated with hospital-based care and risks associated with hospitalization, including cognitive and functional decline, nosocomial infections, and falls.
Mitigation of Flooding in Stormwater Systems Utilizing Imperfect Forecasting and Sensor Data with Deep Deterministic Policy Gradient Reinforcement Learning

Climate change and development have increased urban flooding, requiring modernization of stormwater infrastructure. Retrofitting standard passive systems with controllable valves/pumps is promising, but requires real-time control (RTC). One method of automating RTC is reinforcement learning (RL), a general technique for sequential optimization and control in uncertain environments. The notion is that an RL algorithm can use inputs of real-time flood data and rainfall forecasts to learn a policy for controlling the stormwater infrastructure to minimize measures of flooding. In real-world conditions, rainfall forecasts and other state information, are subject to noise and uncertainty. To account for these characteristics of the problem data, we implemented Deep Deterministic Policy Gradient (DDPG), an RL algorithm that is distinguished by its capability to handle noise in the input data. DDPG implementations were trained and tested against a passive flood control policy. Three primary cases were studied: (i) perfect data, (ii) imperfect rainfall forecasts, and (iii) imperfect water level and forecast data. Rainfall episodes (100) that caused flooding in the passive system were selected from 10 years of observations in Norfolk, Virginia, USA; 85 randomly selected episodes were used for training and the remaining 15 unseen episodes served as test cases. Compared to the passive system, all RL implementations reduced flooding volume by 70.5% on average, and performed within a range of 5%. This suggests that DDPG is robust to noisy input data, which is essential knowledge to advance the real-world applicability of RL for stormwater RTC.
Performance-Driven Post-Processing of Control Loop Execution Schedules

The increasing demand for mapping diverse embedded features onto shared electronic control units has brought about novel ways to co-design control tasks and their schedules. These techniques replace traditional implementations of control with new methods, such as pattern-based scheduling of control tasks and adaptive sharing of bandwidth among control loops through orchestration of their execution patterns. In the current practice of control design, once the static execution schedule is prepared for control tasks, no further control-related optimization is attempted for improving the control performance. We introduce, for the first time, an algorithmic mechanism that re-engineers a recurrent control task by enforcing switching between multiple control laws, which are designed for compensating the non-uniform gaps between successive executions of the control task. We establish that such post-processing of control task schedules may potentially help in improving the combined control performance of the co-scheduled control loops that are executing on a shared platform.
Implementation of ERPS in Accounting within Lebanese Organizations: Motives and Barriers

ERPS (Enterprise Resources Planning System) is an information technology software that aims to aid organizations in their functions. According to many research the system proved its significance especially in the fields of accounting and financial management. However, this system in Lebanon has been less effective and less implemented. This research aims to identify the motives that make organizations implement ERPS and the reasons that render them not apply it. Accordingly, a mixed approach has been done. The methodology of the study used both quantitative and qualitative. The quantitative research used a questionnaire that addressed 150 employees who work with or are aware of ERPS in order to identify the barriers that made them not use it. For the qualitative research in-depth interviews were held with managers and supervisors to identify the motives that made them use ERPS. The findings of the study indicated that they use ERPS to manage financial resources, and report financial information effectively. The barriers to use it included lack of IT infrastructure, lack of training, and lack of IT support.
FakeSpread: Um framework para análise de propagação de fake news na Web

O avanço das mídias sociais como ferramenta de comunicação impulsiona a disseminação de notícias, tornando-a mais rápida, escalável e consequentemente dificultando a avaliação quanto a veracidade de uma informação, fazendo com que as fake news sejam um fenômeno com desdobramentos cada vez mais sérios no contexto político, social e humano. Identificar a procedência de uma notícia falsa e compreender os caminhos que a tornam popular é uma importante estratégia de combate à indústria de fake news. O objetivo deste trabalho é analisar a propagação de fake news na Web, a partir de métricas da teoria dos grafos, considerando a sua estrutura de rede. Apresentamos como estudo de caso uma análise da propagação de fake news por sites listados pela CPMI das fake news, proposta pelo congresso brasileiro.
Global synthesis of temperature sensitivity of soil organic carbon decomposition: Latitudinal patterns and mechanisms

1. The response of soil organic carbon (SOC) decomposition to global warming is a potentially major source of uncertainty in climate prediction. However, the magni tude and direction of SOC cycle feedbacks under climate warming remain uncer-tain because of the knowledge gap about the global-scale spatial pattern and temperature sensitivity ( Q 10 ) mechanism of SOC decomposition. 2. Here, we collected data of Q 10 and corresponding soil variables from 81 peer-re viewed papers using laboratory incubation to explore how Q 10 varied among different ecosystems at the global scale and whether labile and recalcitrant SOC pools had equal Q 10 values. 3. Q 10 with a global average of 2.41 substantially varied among different ecosystems, C:N ratio and microbes Thiessen, Reichstein, These studies have ad vanced our understanding of Q 10 and its potential controlling fac tors. However, a constant value of Q 10 is commonly used in several climate–carbon cycle models, hence leading to high uncertainty in the projection of feedback between terrestrial ecosystem C cycle and climate change. Furthermore, no comprehensive evaluation of the spatial variations of Q 10 with geographic variables at the global scale has been performed to date, resulting in a ity mechanisms 10 , although a few studies investigated the spatial variations in 10 continental Understanding the mechanisms governing the Q 10 of SOC decomposition is critical for predicting future atmo spheric CO 2 and improving accuracy of predictions. the fundamental drivers and basic patterns of
Firm age and crude oil returns: Stock price sensitivity of oil-producing and consuming companies

Abstract This study aims to identify firm characteristics that affect the cross-firm variation in oil–stock interactions. A panel data analysis with a sample of U.S. and Canadian firms reveals that the stock price sensitivity to crude oil price returns is negatively and significantly associated with firm age. Contrary to a common belief, firm size or stock liquidity does not seem to influence heterogeneity in oil–stock relationships. My finding is consistent across oil-producing and consuming companies while the effect of firm age is not observed among financial institutions engaged in commodity trading. An additional test using the panel Granger causality approach shows no lagged effect of oil market movement on the oil and gas extraction firms, suggesting their prompt response to market information.
Improvement of Efficiency of Waste Water Treatment from Metals Using Flotation Combines

The work deals with the use of flotation combines for the treatment of waste water from heavy metals. The analysis of various methods of treatment of waste water from heavy metals was carried out, which revealed the most promising technical solutions with their possible implementation for modernization of existing treatment facilities of the enterprise. Experimental studies of several versions of technological schemes were carried out on the basis of which a technological scheme of waste water treatment was selected, including all positions of equipment existing at local treatment facilities, and supplemented with a reagent treatment unit, treatment in a flotation complex using reagents, application of filters and pH correction.
Stress Signaling in Cyanobacteria: A Mechanistic Overview

Cyanobacteria are highly diverse, widely distributed photosynthetic bacteria inhabiting various environments ranging from deserts to the cryosphere. Throughout this range of niches, they have to cope with various stresses and kinds of deprivation which threaten their growth and viability. In order to adapt to these stresses and survive, they have developed several global adaptive responses which modulate the patterns of gene expression and the cellular functions at work. Sigma factors, two-component systems, transcriptional regulators and small regulatory RNAs acting either separately or collectively, for example, induce appropriate cyanobacterial stress responses. The aim of this review is to summarize our current knowledge about the diversity of the sensors and regulators involved in the perception and transduction of light, oxidative and thermal stresses, and nutrient starvation responses. The studies discussed here point to the fact that various stresses affecting the photosynthetic capacity are transduced by common mechanisms.
Adaptive Command-Filtered Fuzzy Nonsingular Terminal Sliding Mode Backstepping Control for Linear Induction Motor

This paper puts forward a projection-based adaptive command filtered fuzzy nonsingular terminal sliding mode backstepping (PACFTB) control method for the speed control of the linear induction motor (LIM) with unknown end effects. Firstly, the technique of fuzzy logic systems (FLS) is investigated to approximate the nonlinear components of the LIM’s mathematical model, which reduces the difficulty and cost of controller design. Then, a constrained command-filtered backstepping controller is designed with a filtering compensator compensating for the inherent error of constrained filter. Moreover, the nonsingular terminal sliding mode control method is combined in the controller design for its advantages of finite-time convergence of the system, and the projection-operator-based adaptive laws are established at the same time. Finally, the stability analysis proves that the boundedness and stability of all signals can be ensured with the proposed PACFTB controller, and the simulation results along with experiment results verify that the proposed control strategy has better control performance than the conventional command filter backstepping and PI controller.
Disclosing the formation and value creation of servitization through influential factors: a systematic review and future research agenda

Servitization refers to the phenomenon in which manufacturers increasingly focus on services in tandem with the sale of their products. Despite the growing scholarly awareness of servitization, systematic reviews are lacking to clarify how its value can be created through different relevant factors. Based on a conceptual framework, this study fills the gap by examining 213 empirical research papers published between 2005 and 2019. Descriptive and thematic analyses on servitization are presented for its definitions, prerequisites, performances, and intermediate factors of the value creation in servitization. Findings and research streams are synthesised in a causal graph and a mechanism matrix to offer suggestions and research directions for future practitioners and researchers. The results have specified key factors from different levels, such as firm attributes, operations, networking, and the environment, each of which functions in the link of the formation and value creation of servitization. The results further revealed that the existing literature has emphasised the absolute benefits of servitization and predominantly investigated intermediate factors of its value creation. This study offers literature-based insights to enrich the theory-building of servitization and to develop insightful instruments for practitioners.
A formal dynamic stochastic model for single-frequency precise point positioning constrained by global ionosphere map

Single-frequency precise point positioning (SF-PPP), having few redundant observations, needs a long convergence time to achieve a positioning accuracy level of decimetres to centimetres. An analytic use of external ionospheric information can improve the positioning performance of SF-PPP. However, it will instead deteriorate the SF-PPP performance, if the stochastic characteristics of the ionospheric pseudo-observations are determined incorrectly. In this contribution, a method for determining a formal dynamic stochastic model is proposed for ionosphere-constrained SF-PPP using ionospheric information from global ionosphere map. First, a temporal loosening constraint is adopted for ionospheric pseudo-observations, to gradually decrease their contributions to SF-PPP solutions over time. Second, for each epoch, a search algorithm based on the principle of minimizing the standard deviation of the unit weight is used to find the optimal variances of the ionospheric pseudo-observations. Experiments based on 7d of Global Positioning System observation data from 44 Multi-Global Navigation Satellite System experimental stations were carried out to validate the proposed stochastic model, using positioning performance and tropospheric delay retrieval. The results indicate that ionosphere-constrained SF-PPP with a conventional stochastic model exhibits little improvement and even worse positioning performance, compared to traditional ionosphere-free-half (IFH) SF-PPP. Nevertheless, ionosphere-constrained SF-PPP with the proposed stochastic model significantly improves positioning performance, compared with IFH SF-PPP. The use of the proposed model can reduce the convergence time by 89.2%, 34.2%, and 0.0% in the static mode and 57.3%, 50.6%, and 24.1% in the kinematic mode for the east, north, and up directions, respectively, and increase the positioning accuracy by 41.1%, 29.6%, and 23.7% in the static mode and 45.5%, 38.4%, and 30.6% in the kinematic mode for the three directions, respectively. For tropospheric-delay retrieval, the zenith total-delay-estimation accuracy of ionosphere-constrained SF-PPP with the conventional stochastic model is much poorer than that of IFH SF-PPP, while that of the ionosphere-constrained SF-PPP with the proposed stochastic model is comparable to IFH SF-PPP.
A tale of two seasons: The link between seasonal migration and climatic niches in passerine birds

Abstract The question of whether migratory birds track a specific climatic niche by seasonal movements has important implications for understanding the evolution of migration, the factors affecting species' distributions, and the responses of migrants to climate change. Despite much research, previous studies of bird migration have produced mixed results. However, whether migrants track climate is only one half of the question, the other being why residents remain in the same geographic range year‐round. We provide a literature overview and test the hypothesis of seasonal niche tracking by evaluating seasonal climatic niche overlap across 437 migratory and resident species from eight clades of passerine birds. Seasonal climatic niches were based on a new global dataset of breeding and nonbreeding ranges. Overlap between climatic niches was quantified using ordination methods. We compared niche overlap of migratory species to two null expectations, (a) a scenario in which they do not migrate and (b) in comparison with the overlap experienced by closely related resident species, while controlling for breeding location and range size. Partly in accordance with the hypothesis of niche tracking, we found that the overlap of breeding versus nonbreeding climatic conditions in migratory species was greater than the overlap they would experience if they did not migrate. However, this was only true for migrants breeding outside the tropics and only relative to the overlap species would experience if they stayed in the breeding range year‐round. In contrast to the hypothesis of niche tracking, migratory species experienced lower seasonal climatic niche overlap than resident species, with significant differences between tropical and nontropical species. Our study suggests that in seasonal nontropical environments migration away from the breeding range may serve to avoid seasonally harsh climate; however, different factors may drive seasonal movements in the climatically more stable tropical regions.