Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
AI Sensing for Robotics using Deep Learning based Visual and Language Modeling

An artificial intelligence(AI) system should be capable of processing the sensory inputs to extract both task-specific and general information about its environment. However, most of the existing algorithms extract only task specific information. In this work, an innovative approach to address the problem of processing visual sensory data is presented by utilizing convolutional neural network (CNN). It recognizes and represents the physical and semantic nature of the surrounding in both human readable and machine processable format. This work utilizes the image captioning model to capture the semantics of the input image and a modular design to generate a probability distribution for semantic topics. It gives any autonomous system the ability to process visual information in a human-like way and generates more insights which are hardly possible with a conventional algorithm. Here a model and data collection method are proposed.
Systematic Evaluation of a Framework for Unsupervised Emotion Recognition for Narrative Text

Identifying emotions as expressed in text (a.k.a. text emotion recognition) has received a lot of attention over the past decade. Narratives often involve a great deal of emotional expression, and so emotion recognition on narrative text is of great interest to computational approaches to narrative understanding. Prior work by Kim et al. 2010 was the work with the highest reported emotion detection performance, on a corpus of fairy tales texts. Close inspection of that work, however, revealed significant reproducibility problems, and we were unable to reimplement Kim’s approach as described. As a consequence, we implemented a framework inspired by Kim’s approach, where we carefully evaluated the major design choices. We identify the highest-performing combination, which outperforms Kim’s reported performance by 7.6 F_1 points on average. Close inspection of the annotated data revealed numerous missing and incorrect emotion terms in the relevant lexicon, WordNetAffect (WNA; Strapparava and Valitutti, 2004), which allowed us to augment it in a useful way. More generally, this showed that numerous clearly emotive words and phrases are missing from WNA, which suggests that effort invested in augmenting or refining emotion ontologies could be useful for improving the performance of emotion recognition systems. We release our code and data to definitely enable future reproducibility of this work.
El concepto de bienestar animal en el currículo de Secundaria Obligatoria y en los libros de texto de ciencias

This article presents an analysis of Secondary Education textbooks to know whether they incorporate animal welfare contents. The sample consists in 12 textbooks of Biology and Geology at all levels of secondary education. We have studied both, the theoretical contents of the texts and the activities. In the absence of specific treatment of animal welfare, it is discussed in this paper the content and activities which is related to the nervous system function in animals, the protection of biodiversity and the conservation of ecosystems and the environment. None of the books analyzed is explicitly addressed animal welfare. However, some activities will be presented and discussed about experiences with animals and their care, to retrain students about different aspects related to animal welfare, such as actions aimed to the protection of animals, both domestic or wild. Our final suggestion is incorporation of the term animal welfare in the texts and slightly expands the meaning of the nervous system linking animal suffering with how animals respond to situations involving any abuse caused by humans.
Phylogenetic relationships of Mexican minnows of the genus Notropis (Actinopterygii, Cyprinidae)

We conducted phylogenetic analyses based on complete mitochondrial cytochrome b gene sequences among southern and central Mexican cyprinid species, included in the genera Notropis and Hybopsis. In addition 15 northern species of the genera Notropis and Hybopsis were included in the analyses in order to place the Mexican species into a larger phylogenetic framework. The phylogenetic relationships supported the existence of five major clades: (1) including species of the subgenus Alburnops of the genus Notropis plus N. shumardi; (2) species of the subgenus Notropis; (3) species of the genus Hybopsis; (4) species of the N. texanus + N. volucellus species group of the genus Notropis; (5) Mexican endemic species of the genus Notropis plus the genus Yuriria. Previous phylogenetic inferences based on morphological characters resolved the Mexican minnows analysed as N. sallaei, N. calientis, N. boucardi and Y. alta, non-monophyletic. According to our cytochrome b evidence all Mexican minnows of the genera Notropis and Yuriria formed a monophyletic group with respect to the northern species of the genera Notropis and Hybopsis. Within the Mexican clade, three well-supported clades were identified: the first included the closely related species N. moralesi and N. boucardi, which occur in three independent drainages of south Mexico; the second consisted of two different lineages, N. imeldae and an undescribed species of Notropis, inhabiting two independent drainages of south Mexico; the third comprised two central Mexican Notropis species (N. calientis and N. sallaei) and the Y. alta populations. Based on this study and pending a more extensive taxonomic revision of the genus Notropis, we adopt the conservative criterion of considering all Notropis species from southern and central Mexico examined, including Y. alta, as belonging to the genus Notropis. © 2003 The Linnean Society of London, Biological Journal of the Linnean Society, 2003, 80, 323–337.
Neural Multi-task Text Normalization and Sanitization with Pointer-Generator

Text normalization and sanitization are intrinsic components of Natural Language Inferences. In Information Retrieval or Dialogue Generation, normalization of user queries or utterances enhances linguistic understanding by translating non-canonical text to its canonical form, on which many state-of-the-art language models are trained. On the other hand, text sanitization removes sensitive information to guarantee user privacy and anonymity. Existing approaches to normalization and sanitization mainly rely on hand-crafted heuristics and syntactic features of individual tokens while disregarding the linguistic context. Moreover, such context-unaware solutions cannot dynamically determine whether out-of-vocab tokens are misspelt or are entity names. In this work, we formulate text normalization and sanitization as a multi-task text generation approach and propose a neural hybrid pointer-generator network based on multi-head attention. Its generator effectively captures linguistic context during normalization and sanitization while its pointer dynamically preserves the entities that are generally missing in the vocabulary. Experiments show that our generation approach outperforms both token-based text normalization and sanitization, while the hybrid pointer-generator improves the generator-only baseline in terms of BLEU4 score, and classical attentional pointer networks in terms of pointing accuracy.
New Ediacaran Rangeomorphs from Mistaken Point, Newfoundland, Canada

Abstract Hapsidophyllas flexibilis new genus and species and Frondophyllas grandis new genus and species are rare Ediacaran (ca. 565 Ma) rangeomorph forms, herein termed “hapsidophyllids,” which are endemic to Mistaken Point, Newfoundland, Canada. These two taxa are highly disparate in overall morphology, the former being a low-level, multibranched “network of leaves” and the latter a meter-long frond. Despite their dissimilarity in gross morphology, the two genera share a unique flexible, leaflet-type structure with a fine-scale branching structure that resembles that of charnid rangeomorphs. These leaflet structures are unknown from any other rangeomorph or Ediacaran group, and are herein termed “hapsidophyllid leaflets. ” Hapsidophyllids grew by an iteration of structural units, with small rangeomorph modules making up the larger hapsidophyllid leaflets, which in turn composed the larger hapsidophyllid organism. The presence of hapsidophyllid leaflets in both Hapsidophyllas and Frondophyllas suggest the two genera were related taxonomically, with their very different gross morphologies reflecting ecological adaptations to exploit different suspension-feeding tiers.
Cross‐genera legume SSR markers for analysis of genetic diversity in Lens species

With 1 figure and 1 table Abstract Transferability of microsatellite loci across species offers an opportunity, especially in Lens which suffers from lack of polymorphism and poor genome resources. Transferability of EST and genomic SSR markers from related taxa like Medicago truncatula (Mt), Pisum sativum (Ps) and Trifolium pratense (Tp), which are relatively well characterized genetically, was analyzed. The transferability of microsatellites as determined through successful amplification on six lentil accessions encompassing two subspecies was 36.0%, 62.0% and 25.0% for Mt, Tp and Ps-derived markers, respectively. A total of 22 Mt EST-SSRs produced 21.96% polymorphism, whereas, 98 BAC-SSRs produced marginally higher (24.14%) polymorphism. Twenty-two newly identified cross-species SSR markers and three lentil SSRs previously mapped on lentil genetic map, were used to infer the phylogenetic relationships among 40 accessions belonging to five Lens species (Lens culinaris ssp. culinaris, L. culinaris ssp. orientalis, L. culinaris ssp. odemensis, L. nigricans and L. ervoides). Total number of alleles detected across all microsatellite loci was 80, with a mean of 3.63 alleles per locus. UPGMA dendrogram divided them into six groups with wild subspecies L. nigricans and L. ervoides exhibiting maximum genetic distance, whereas high levels of intraspecific variation was observed among the accessions of L. orientalis, L. odemensis and L. nigricans. A close proximity (57.0%) between cultivated lentil and its supposedly wild progenitor L. culinaris ssp. orientalis was revealed. Our study has implications in large-scale development and identification of SSR markers from related genera which can be used for studying genetic diversity and construction of lentil genetic map and for tagging of various traits of agronomic importance for marker-assisted breeding.
Growth rates of alien Oreochromis niloticus and indigenous Oreochromis mortimeri in Lake Kariba, Zimbabwe

Growth rates of indigenous Oreochromis mortimeri and alien Oreochromis niloticus from Lake Kariba were estimated from samples collected in 1997–2000, 2003–2005 and 2010–2011. Growth zones on scales and otoliths of O. niloticus and on the otoliths and opercula of O. mortimeri were deposited annually. Age estimates obtained from otoliths, scales and opercula were similar for both species. Length at age was described by the von Bertalanffy equations L(t) = 32.4(1 - exp(-0.25(t + 2.3))) and L(t) = 30.2(1 - exp(-0.23(t + 3.73))) for O. niloticus and O. mortimeri, respectively, in 1997–2000, and by L(t) = 44.6(1 - exp(-0.29(t - 0.05))) and L(t) = 36.8(1 - exp(-0.64(t - 0.73))), respectively, in 2003–2005. There were more older (≥10 years) age classes and lower L∞ in the 1997–2000 dataset for both species than in the later sampling periods. Mean length at age of O. niloticus was higher than that of O. mortimeri for the 1997–2000 dataset, but similar for the 2003–2005 dataset. This study supports the hypothesis that, in Lake Kariba, the alien O. niloticus has a higher growth rate than O. mortimeri, and infers its competitive advantage over the indigenous species.
CRANIAL ANATOMY OF THE EARLY TRIASSIC STEREOSPONDYL LYDEKKERINA HUXLEYI (TETRAPODA: TEMNOSPONDYLI) AND THE TAXONOMY OF SOUTH AFRICAN LYDEKKERINIDS

Abstract The cranial anatomy of Lydekkerina huxleyi, a lydekkerinid stereospondyl from the Lower Triassic Lystrosaurus Assemblage Zone (Beaufort Group; Karoo Basin) of South Africa, is redescribed in detail following additional preparation of the poorly known holotype specimen. Whereas previous studies failed to identify any uniquely derived characteristics of L. huxleyi, three autapomorphies are identified herein: the presence of paired, anterodorsal projections within the anterior palatal vacuity, vomerine shagreen, and a series of thickened ridges on the ventral surface of the skull roof. The low ridge on the quadrate ramus of the pterygoid in L. huxleyi, previously identified as the crista obliqua homologous to that of mastodonsauroids, is reinterpreted in light of new observations on rhinesuchids. The mandible is described in detail for the first time and is shown to possess an extensive denticle shagreen on all three coronoid elements (as in primitive stereospondyls), and a distinctly elongated, prong-like arcadian process of the postglenoid area. Characters that show intraspecific variation in L. huxleyi include the contribution of the lacrimal to the narial margin, the presence of an ectopterygoid tusk, the degree of development of the transverse flange of the pterygoid, and the number of anterior meckelian foramina on the mandible. Redescription of L. huxleyi permits a reassessment of lydekkerinid species diversity in the Karoo Basin: ‘Broomulus dutoiti’ and ‘Limnoiketes paludinatans’ are regarded as subjective junior synonyms of L. huxleyi. Morphologically, Eolydekkerina magna resembles L. huxleyi more closely than had been initially suggested, and is cautiously regarded as a distinct taxon.
Biocatalysts for selective introduction of oxygen

Three types of oxygenase biocatalysts are treated in detail in this review: the non-haem iron alkene mono-oxygenases, the haem and vanadium haloperoxidases, and flavin-based Baeyer–Villiger mono-oxygenases. Other oxygenases are briefly included for comparison. Characteristics of the biocatalysts are presented, and the scope and limitations concerning their applicability for the selective introduction of oxygen are discussed. Key issues include catalytic activity, productivity, cloning and expression, as well as process engineering aspects. Various bottlenecks are identified for the different biocatalysts and measures to increase the number of oxygenase reactions in practical use are discussed.
Alleviating some physiological responses to high ambient temperatures in finishing broilers by dietary plant extracts rich in phenolic compounds

The main aim of the current experiment was to assess the potential of dietary orange peel extract (OPE) and lemon peel extract (LPE) as promoters of broiler resistance to high ambient temperature. The experiment was conducted as a 2 × 3 factorial arrangement of treatments with 2 levels of OPE (0 and 200 mg/kg feed) and 3 levels of LPE (0, 200, and 400 mg/kg feed). At d 25, a total of 288 Ross 308 broilers were randomly assigned to 6 dietary treatments with 4 replicates of 12 broiler chickens each. The temperature was increased to 34°C with 50% relative humidity for 5 h daily starting from d 28 until d 38. At the end of the trial (d 38), 4 male broiler chickens per pen were sampled for determination of serum components and variables of intestinal morphology. Dietary OPE and LPE did not affect weight gain, feed intake, and feed conversion ratio of broiler chickens. The inclusion of 200 mg/kg OPE increased serum total protein, but reduced serum lactate dehydrogenase and creatine phosphokinase activity in broiler chickens (P< 0.05). Lemon peel extract supplementation decreased the activity of lactate dehydrogenase quadratically (P = 0.039) and creatine phosphokinase linearly (P = 0.037). No differences in the other blood characteristics and intestinal traits were observed with the exception of muscularis thickness of duodenum, which was reduced when LPE was added to the diet (linear, P = 0.011). These results indicate that OPE, LPE, and their combination might modify
Trophic cascades in benthic marine ecosystems: lessons for fisheries and protected-area management

An important principle of environmental science is that changes in single components of systems are likely to have consequences elsewhere in the same systems. In the sea, food web data are one of the few foundations for predicting such indirect effects, whether of fishery exploitation or following recovery in marine protected areas (MPAs). We review the available literature on one type of indirect interaction in benthic marine ecosystems, namely trophic cascades, which involve three or more trophic levels connected by predation. Because many indirect effects have been revealed through fishery exploitation, in some cases we include humans as trophic levels. Our purpose is to establish how widespread cascades might be, and infer how likely they are to affect the properties of communities following the implementation of MPAs or intensive resource exploitation. We review 39 documented cascades (eight of which include humans as a trophic level) from 21 locations around the world; all but two of the cascades are from shallow systems underlain by hard substrata (kelp forests, rocky subtidal, coral reefs and rocky intertidal). We argue that these systems are well represented because they are accessible and also amenable to the type of work that is necessary. Nineteen examples come from the central-eastern and north-eastern Pacific, while no well-substantiated benthic cascades have been reported from the NE, CE or SW Atlantic, the Southern Oceans, E Indian Ocean or NW Pacific. The absence of examples from those zones is probably due to lack of study. Sea urchins are very prominent in the subtidal examples, and gastropods, especially limpets, in the intertidal examples; we suggest that this may reflect their predation by fewer specialist predators than is the case with fishes, but also their conspicuousness to investigators. The variation in ecological resolution amongst studies, and in intensity of study amongst systems and regions, indicates that more cascades will likely be identified in due course. Broadening the concept of cascades to include pathogenic interactions would immediately increase the number of examples. The existing evidence is that cascade effects are to be expected when hard-substratum systems are subject to artisanal resource exploitation, but that the particular problems of macroalgal overgrowth on Caribbean reefs and the expansion of coralline barrens in the Mediterranean rocky-sublittoral will not be readily reversed in MPAs, probably because factors other than predation-based cascades have contributed to them in the first place. More cascade effects are likely to be found in the soft-substratum systems that are crucial to so many large-scale fisheries, when opportunities such as those of MPAs and fishing gradients become available for study of such systems, and the search is widened to less conspicuous focal organisms such as polychaetes and crustaceans.
Principles Underlying the Epizootiology of Viral Hemorrhagic Septicemia in Pacific Herring and other Fishes throughout the North Pacific Ocean

Although viral hemorrhagic septicemia virus (VHSV) typically occurs at low prevalence and intensity in natural populations of Pacific herring (Clupea pallasii) and other marine fishes in the Northeast Pacific Ocean, epizootics of the resulting disease (VHS) periodically occur, often in association with observed fish kills. Here we identify a list of principles, based on a combination of field studies, controlled laboratory experiments, and previously unpublished observations, that govern the epizootiology of VHS in Pacific herring. A thorough understanding of these principles provides the basis for identifying risk factors that predispose certain marine fish populations to VHS epizootics, including the lack of population resistance, presence of chronic viral carriers in a population, copious viral shedding by infected individuals, cool water temperatures, limited water circulation patterns, and gregarious host behavioral patterns. Further, these principles are used to define the epizootiological stages of.
Détection de concepts pertinents pour le résumé automatique de conversations par recombinaison de patrons (Relevant concepts detection for the automatic summary of conversations using patterns recombination )[In French]

automatique de conversations par recombinaison de patrons Jérémy Trione Benoit Favre Frédéric Béchet Aix-Marseille Université, CNRS, LIF UMR 7279, 13000, Marseille, France prénom. nom@lif.univ-mrs.fr R ÉSUMÉ Ce papier décrit une approche pour créer des résumés de conversations parlées par remplissage de patrons. Les patrons sont générés automatiquement à partir de fragments généralisés depuis un corpus de résumés d’apprentissage. Les informations nécessaires pour remplir les patrons sont détectées dans les transcriptions des conversations et utilisées pour sélectionner les fragments candidats. L’approche obtient un score ROUGE-2 de 0.116 sur le corpus RATP-DECODA. Les résultats obtenus montrent que cette approche abstractive est plus performante que les approches extractives utilisées habituellement dans le domaine du résumé automatique.
Comparison of purines and nitrogen-15 as microbial flow markers in beef heifers fed barley- or corn-based diets

for 8 d to label ruminal microorganisms and their purine bases. Rumen contents, duodenal digesta, urine, and feces were sampled during the last 2 d of tracer infusion and for 48 h after the infusion ceased. The animals consumed more (P < 0.01) dry matter (DM), organic matter (OM), N, and neutral detergent fiber (NDF) with diet B than with diet C. Total tract digestibilities of DM, OM, and NDF were also higher (P < 0.01) with diet B. Ruminal ammonia (P < 0.01), volatile fatty acids (P < 0.05), and acetate (P < 0.01) concentrations and xylanase activity (P < 0.05) were higher with diet B compared with diet C. Flow of MCP to the duodenum was estimated from duodenal samples using purines or 15 N as microbial markers, or from urinary PD excretion. The effects of diet or method of measurement on MCP flow were not significant. However, when the urinary PD method was excluded from the analysis, MCP flow was greater (by 26%; P = 0.01) when estimated using 15 N vs. the purine-based method. The difference was mainly due to underestimation of the proportion of microbial N in the liquid duodenal digesta with the purine method. Feed purines contributed from 3.5 (liquid digesta phase) to 19.7% (solid digesta phase) of the total purine flow at the duodenum. 15 Nenrichment of urinary PD was 1.08 of the enrichment of duodenal purines, suggesting that feed purines contributed little N to urinary allantoin and uric acid in cattle.
Natural Pozzolan Contained Self-Consolidating Concrete

This paper evaluates the mechanical and transport properties of self-consolidating concrete containing natural pozzolan. To this end, self-consolidating concretes with natural pozzolan replacement ratios of 0, 15, 22.5, 30, and 37.5% by mass of Portland cement were prepared. Constant water-to-cementitious materials ratio of 0.4 and cementitious materials content of 475 kg/m3 were used. The evaluated properties included slump flow, J-ring, T50, compressive strength, modulus of elasticity, water absorption, void content, rapid chloride permeability, rapid chloride migration, and Florida corrosion impressed current test. The results of this investigation showed that fresh and transport properties of SCC mixtures were improved with increases in the replacement level of natural pozzolan. On the other hand, slight reductions were observed in early and mid-aged strength properties of the studied natural pozzolan contained selfconsolidating concretes.