Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Effects of Exoskeleton Gait Training on Balance, Load Distribution, and Functional Status in Stroke: A Randomized Controlled Trial

Background: As a result of stroke, patients have problems with locomotion and transfers, which lead to frequent falls. Recovery after stroke is a major goal of rehabilitation, but it is difficult to choose which treatment method is most beneficial for stroke survivors. Recently, powered robotic exoskeletons are used in treatment to maximize the neural recovery of patients after stroke, but there are no studies evaluating the changes in balance among patients rehabilitated with an exoskeleton. Purpose: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of Ekso GT exoskeleton-assisted gait training on balance, load distribution, and functional status of patients after ischemic stroke. Methods: The outcomes are based on 44 patients aged 55–85 years after ischemic stroke who were previously randomly assigned into two groups: experimental (with Ekso GT rehabilitation) and control (with classical rehabilitation). At baseline and after 4 weeks of treatment, the patients were evaluated on balance, load distribution, and functional status using, respectively a stabilometric platform, the Barthel Index, and the Rivermead Mobility Index. Results: In the experimental group, balance improved regarding the variables describing sway area as ellipse major and minor axes. In the control group, improvement was noted in sway velocity. After the therapy, total load distribution on feet in both groups showed a small and insignificant tendency toward reduction in the amount of uninvolved limb loading. In the control group, significant load transfer from the backfoot to the forefoot was noted. Both forms of rehabilitation caused significant changes in functional status. Conclusions: Both training with the use of the Ekso GT exoskeleton and classical physiotherapy lead to functional improvement of patients after ischemic stroke. However, in the experimental group, improvement was observed in a larger number of categories, which may suggest potentially greater impact of treatment with the exoskeleton on functional status. Also, both forms of rehabilitation caused significant changes in balance, but we have noted some trends indicating that treatment with exoskeleton may be more beneficial for some patients. The load transfer from the backfoot to the forefoot observed in the control group was an unfavorable phenomenon. We suggest that the Ekso GT exoskeleton may be a promising tool in the rehabilitation of patients after stroke. Trial registration: Trial ID ACTRN12616000148471
Risk Prediction After Myocardial Infarction by Cyclic Variation of Heart Rate, a Surrogate of Sleep-Disordered Breathing Assessed From Holter ECGs

Aims Sleep-disordered breathing (SDB) is common among cardiac patients, but its role as an independent risk predictor after myocardial infarction (MI) is unclear. SDB causes cyclic variation of heart rate (CVHR). The aim of this study was to score Holter ECGs of a large cohort of MI survivors for SDB-related CVHR to investigate its value for mortality prediction. Methods A total of 1590 survivors of acute MI in sinus rhythm were prospectively enrolled and followed for 5-year all-cause mortality. Heart rate (HR) tachograms were generated from nocturnal (00:00–06.00 am) segments of Holter ECGs, and the minutes with CVHR were quantified by a previously developed algorithm. According to a pre-specified cutpoint, SDB was assumed if CVHR was present during ≥72 min. Results Seventy-seven patients (4.8%) had flat HR tachograms which prohibited analysis for SDB. Of the remaining 1513 patients, 584 (38.6%) were classified as having SDB. Mortality rates in groups stratified according to ECG-derived SDB did not differ significantly. Taken as a continuous variable, low CVHR duration was associated with increased mortality. The mortality of patients with flat HR tachograms was significantly increased, even after adjustment for age, sex, LVEF, GRACE score and diabetes mellitus. Mortality prediction by a flat HR tachogram was also independent of heart rate variability (HRV), heart rate turbulence (HRT), and deceleration capacity (DC). Conclusion In Holter ECG recordings of survivors of acute MI, signs suggestive of SDB were frequently present, but not associated with mortality. A flat nocturnal HR tachogram was a strong, independent predictor of 5-year all-cause mortality.
Word order and animacy as sentence processing cues for Chinese-English bilinguals

This study investigates how Chinese-English bilinguals (beginner, intermediate and advanced bilinguals) use the cues of word order and animacy to interpret Chinese and English sentences. The experiment results indicate that in both English and Chinese sentence processing, animacy and word order were important cues for all levels of bilinguals, but animacy was generally stronger than word order. However, with the development of L2, word order tended to produce stronger effect on sentence interpretation. The one exception to that tendency is the performance of the advanced group who were less influenced by word order than the intermediate group. When animacy was held constant, relative animacy or potency—a semantic cue more universal than animacy —exerted greater effect than word order.
What Drives Diversity in Social Recognition Mechanisms?

Recognition allows animals to categorize social partners and differentiate among them in adaptive ways. Recognition systems are a fundamental component of social interactions, and a major goal for behavioral and evolutionary ecology is to understand the factors that influence the diversity of traits involved in social recognition across species and contexts. Here we argue that recognition is best understood as the interaction between a population of diverse senders and receivers with different perspectives and experiences. Receivers vary in the extent to which they agree on the category membership of senders and this variation is a key parameter that may explain the diverse evolutionary pressures shaping recognition systems. High receiver agreement (e.g., sex recognition) should favor uniformity in signals and innate recognition templates in receivers, while low receiver agreement (e.g., neighbor recognition) should tend to favor diversity in signals and flexible learning in receivers. Further, variation in how specifically receivers categorize senders may constrain the evolution of signals that need to function for multiple audiences. It remains an open question how receivers integrate multiple signals of different types of social categories. By framing recognition systems in a population context we hope this perspective will help spur new efforts to model and empirically investigate the mechanisms underlying the diversity of recognition systems across animals.
Decentralized Spillover Algorithm for Capacitated Lot Sizing Problem

In this paper, we study decentralized approaches to the multi-item, deterministic, single-level, capacitated lot sizing problem (CLSP). Here, single-level means that the end item is directly produced in one step as a single operation. Moreover, capacitated problem means there is a scarcity between the available limited production resources and the production demand. Given a known deterministic forecast of the production demand of a set of items I for a planning horizon T made of m time periods, the objective of the CLSP consists in determining the amount and the timing of the production of items (a production plan) in the planning horizon with a minimum cost, where the capacity restrictions constrain the production quantity in each period (see, e.g., [3, 6]). Apart from production and manufacturing, CLSP formulation can be effectively used in many other scenarios like grid computing,energy management, healthcare, disaster management, and in transportation. Large amounts of generated data such as global spatio-temporal information of a myriad of agents, measurements of their states, and historical data are used both in the model building and model calibration processes. The CLSP in this context requires an efficient and scalable solution approach due to the complexity of the model, the computational volume, and the amount of generated data. It is a very challenging and well-researched strongly NP-hard production-planning problem for which centralized and decentralized solution approaches exist (see, e.g., [1, 2]). Centralized (exact and heuristic) approaches assume only one actor in the decision making process while the decentralized ones, based on negotiation and auctions, consider the presence of multiple and competitive self-concerned agents. Moreover, centralized exact methods reach optimality but are not time-effective, while centralized heuristics do not have quality of solution guarantees, but are computationally fast. While centralized solution approaches are not adapted for parallel execution in high performance computing environments, the decentralized approaches do not provide quality of solution guaranties and are computationally expensive (see, e.g., [4, 5]). Therefore, a time-effective and optimal decentralized algorithm for the CLSP problem is still an open challenge.
Samodejne misli, tudijski uspeh, uèinkovitost in zadovoljstvo pri univerzitetnih tudentih

Student Automatic Thoughts Questionnaire for assessment of University students typical automatic thoughts during studying and taking an exam has been developed. The scale resulted in 5 interpretable subscales: negative expectations and discouragement regarding exam; negative attitude toward the subject; fear of disappointing parents; lack of motivation; and positive (encouraging) automatic thoughts. Successful and efficient students, as well as students who are satisfied with their achievements, have more positive, and less negative automatic thoughts focused on failure, parents disappointment and motivation. Automatic thoughts better differentiate students by their satisfaction, than by their success and efficiency. Negative automatic thoughts related to fear of disappointing parents are the best predictor while negative automatic thoughts related to negative attitude toward the subject are the worst predictor of students satisfaction, success and efficiency.
Author’s response to reviews Title: A case of misalignment: The perspectives of local and national decision-makers on the implementation of psychological treatment by telephone in the Improving Access to Psychological Therapy service Authors:

Title: A case of misalignment: The perspectives of local and national decision-makers on the implementation of psychological treatment by telephone in the Improving Access to Psychological Therapy service Authors: Kelly Rushton (kelly.rushton@manchester.ac.uk) Claire Fraser (claire.fraser@manchester.ac.uk) Judith Gellatly (judith.l.gellatly@manchester.ac.uk) Helen Brooks (helen.brooks@manchester.ac.uk) Peter Bower (peter.bower@manchester.ac.uk) Chris Armitage (chris.armitage@manchester.ac.uk) Cintia Faija (cintia.faija@manchester.ac.uk) Charlotte Welsh (charlotte.welsh@manchester.ac.uk) Penny Bee (penny.e.bee@manchester.ac.uk) Version: 1 Date: 04 Nov 2019 Author’s response to reviews:
Rehabilitation and Curing of Domestic Pigeons Exhibiting Signs of Torticollis

Received: Revised: Accepted: 2014–05–23 2014–06–13 2014–06–14 Torticollis is a common symptom seen in various poultry species which may be due to infectious, non infectious and nutritional causes. However, Newcastle disease (ND) caused by RNA virus Paramyxovirus serotype 1, is one of the most significant and worldwide reported infectious cause, bringing about this manifestation in poultry birds. Oftentimes the birds are capable of safe guarding early lethal infection of NDV and develop neuromuscular signs of torticollis. Such birds have very poor prognosis due to difficulty in breathing, eating and drinking, and there exist very little measures for treatment. Present study revealed successful rehabilitation of domestic pigeon birds affected with ND and exhibiting clinical symptoms of tremors and torticollis. These birds were fed and hydrated manually through sterile plastic tube. Other therapeutic measures included oral administration of a non– steroidal anti–Inflammatory drug-Meloxicam, Prednisolone, vitamin B-12 and antihistaminic drug-Promethazine HCL. These measures proved effective in birds’ recovery. This study proposes preventive measures and guidelines for domestic and fancy birds suffering from torticollis, where there exist very few remedies. All copyrights reserved to Nexus® academic publishers
D2.5 Review of use cases and framework Public version

The SOCRATES (Self-Optimisation and self-ConfiguRATion in wirelEss networkS) project aims at the development of self-organisation methods for LTE radio networks. Self-organisation comprises self-optimisation, self-configuration and self-healing. This document is an update of the use cases and framework that were initially defined in SOCRATES deliverables D2.1, D2.2, D2.3 and D2.4, based on new insights and progress in the project. Keyword list: Self-organisation, self-configuration, self-optimisation, self-healing, LTE, E-UTRA, radio interface, use cases, requirements, framework, simulation, assessment criteria, metrics, benchmarking, reference scenarios
Efficacité microbiologique de la vapeur de peroxyde d’hydrogène

Le peroxyde d’hydrogène est un agent biocide reconnu du fait de sa nature « sans résidu » (les seuls résidus sont l’oxygène et l’eau) et de sa capacité à être utilisé sous phase vapeur à basse température. Comme pour tout autre agent désinfectant, la technologie Bioquell a été testé sur de nombreux micro-organismes et classes de micro-organismes. Les tests d’efficacité sont mis à jour en permanence au vu du grand nombre de micro-organismes existants.
Quality Control Elements and Auditor Fraud Risk Assessment: An Experimental Study

This study investigates and analyzes if auditor performance toward fraud risk assessment can be an indicator for the effectiveness of some of the ISA 220 quality control elements, mainly engagement team experience and direction and supervision. An experiment was conducted with a number of auditors working in audit firms with international affiliations in Egypt. Results suggest that proper auditor experience rather than direction and supervision inside audit firms could have a significant impact on auditor fraud risk assessment. The findings have implications for regulators and the accounting profession concerned with monitoring and promoting audit quality, especially in the Egyptian environment.
Hybrid antenna arrays with high angular resolution for 77 GHz automotive radars

An antenna array systemwith high angular resolution is proposed to adapt the demands of both medium-range radar (MRR) and long-range radar (LRR) detections for 77 GHz automotive radars. Both the MRR and LRR modes are integrated into one substrate based on the optimized sparse array topology, which makes full use of the antenna aperture size to improve the angular resolution of the proposed system. Two-dimensional series-fed weighting arrays are designed via the Taylor synthesis method to effectively heighten the antenna gain and restrain the sidelobe level. After completing the fabrication, measurement results of the proposed antenna array are in good agreement with the simulation results. Moreover, the angular resolution is verified to be 0.5◦ by adopting the coherent signal spacemethod (CSM)with stepped frequency transmittingwaveform,which validates the effectiveness of the proposal. key words: 77 GHz automotive radar, high angular resolution, mediumrange radar, long-range radar, sparse array, angular measurement Classification: Microwave and millimeter wave devices, circuits, and hardware
Measuring Efficiency in Influence Diagram Models

A measure of efficiency for influence diagram models with continuous decision variables that considers both the accuracy and complexity of the representation and solution technique is presented. Accuracy is determined by calculating the mean squared error between influence diagram decision rules and an analytical solution. Complexity is assessed by calculating the size of the functions in the numerical representation at each stage of the solution to reflect both storage requirements and potential computational complexity of downstream mathematical operations. The resulting efficiency score considers the preferences of an individual decision maker for accuracy and complexity. Three influence diagram models proposed for use with continuous decision variables are compared using the efficiency measurement. The best model for a given problem may vary based on a decision maker’s willingness to substitute accuracy and complexity.
Holocene development of Lake Lögurinn and Eyjabakkajökull in eastern Iceland – a multi-proxy approach

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Service to Fault Tolerance in Cloud Computing Environment

Cloud Computing refers to the use of memory and computing capabilities of computers and servers around the world, so the user has considerable computing power without the need for powerful machines. The probability of failure occurring during the execution becomes stronger when the number of nodes increases; since it is impossible to fully prevent failures, one solution is to implement fault tolerance mechanisms. In this work, we have developed a fault tolerant service based on the checkpointing in cloud computing. Our fault tolerance service uses a semi-coordinated checkpointing that minimizes the consumed energy and the overhead by decreasing the time of the coordination phase. Our service also decreases the rollback cost. The experimental results show the effectiveness of our proposition in term of execution time, energy consumption of SLA violation. Key–Words:Fault tolerance, Cloud computing, Virtualization, Checkpointing, Overhead, Rollback, Coordination, Recovery line, SLA violation, I/O.
Management of Childhood Obesity: A rational approach

Today, the non-communicable disease (NCD) burden is increasing at an alarming rate, posing a huge liability on a country’s health system and economy. Obesity is the main contributory factor for the development of NCD and the obesity epidemic has negated many of the achievements made by the health sector over the last few centuries. Childhood obesity is a major risk factor for the development of adult obesity and the effects are cumulative. More than 75% of obese children will become obese adults [1]. From 1980 to 1990 childhood obesity has risen by 47.1% [2]. Although the incidence is higher in high-income countries, absolute numbers are greater in low and middle income countries [2]. Although there is a high focus on control of NCD among adults, the attention paid by public health authorities to childhood obesity is not adequate. The WHO has highlighted the importance and complexity of controlling childhood obesity in a recent document (WHO/NMH/PND/ECHO/15.1).
Biochemical Resistance Mechanisms to Dimethoate in Cabbage Aphid Brevicoryne brassicae (L.) (Hom.: Aphididae)

Cabbage aphid, Brevicoryne brassicae (L.) (Hom.: Aphididae) is an important pest of crucifers and is controlled by different insecticides, especially dimethoate.The toxicity of dimethoate in six populations of the pest from different parts of Iran was assayed using Leaf-dip method. The bioassay results indicated significant difference in susceptibility to dimethoate among the six populations that were investigated. The highest level of resistance to dimethoate was obtained for Mehrshahr (Meh) population (RR= 91.25). Diethyl maleate (DEM), ,piperonylbutoxide (PBO), and triphenyl phosphate (TPP) suppressed the level of resistance to dimethoate, indicating the resistance to this insecticide was caused by glutathione S-transferases (GSTs), mixed function oxidases, and esterases, respectively. Cytochrome P450 monooxygenases and GSTs activity increased, respectively, 2.7 and 9.6-fold in resistant population compared with the susceptible one. When α-naphthyl acetate was used as substrate, up to 4-fold increase in esterase activity was observed in resistant population. Moreover, 6.2-fold elevation in esterase activity was shown in resistant strain when β-naphthyl acetate was the substrate. Overall, the mechanisms of insecticide resistance in cabbage aphid populations from six regions of Iran were related to GSTs, esterase, and cytochrome P450 monooxygenases activities.
Effect of an Acoustic Field on Disturbances Development and a Laminar-turbulent Transition in a Supersonic Boundary Layer

This paper describes a method for estimating of disturbances development and the laminar-turbulent transition location on a base of the linear stability theory in presence of the acoustic field. In a stable region amplitudes of perturbation velocities near the location of a stability loss are determined by disturbances which are excited by external sound waves. Because of proximity of a sound wave and eigen fluctuations parameters, the received value of amplitude is accepted equal to amplitude of the growing boundary layer wave. At some point down the Reynolds stress becomes equal to several percents of the laminar boundary layer stress. On the basis of experimental data the criterion is accepted according to which the Reynolds stress equal to 12% of the laminar stress in the beginning of the laminar-turbulent transition. On the basis of a spectrum of external disturbances and the accepted criterion the satisfactory consent of the calculated and experimental transition Reynolds numbers of is received. Up to transition the disturbance increase in a boundary layer is described by linear stability equations well enough. Key-Words: Supersonic boundary layer, laminar-turbulent transition, Reynolds stresses, hydrodynamic stability, external perturbations, spectrum
A Three-Level Ransomware Detection and Prevention Mechanism

Ransomware encrypts victim’s files or locks users out of the system. Victims will have to pay the attacker a ransom to decrypt and regain access to the user files. Petya targets individuals and companies through email attachments and download links. NotPetya has worm-like capabilities and exploits EternalBlue and EternalRomance vulnerabilities. Protection methods include vaccination, applying patches, et cetera. Challenges faced to combat ransomware include social engineering, outdated infrastructures, technological advancements, backup issues, and conflicts of standards. Three-Level Security (3LS) is a solution to ransomware that utilizes virtual machines along with browser extensions to perform a scan, on any files that the user wishes to download from the Internet. The downloaded files would be sent over a cloud server relay to a virtual machine by a browser extension. Any changes to the virtual machine after downloading the file would be observed, and if there were a malfunction in the virtual machine, the file would not be retrieved to the user’s system.