Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Transactional Analysis of Agrarian Sector

The Russian agrarian market shows a difficult situation. We research this market with the institutional point. The food chain is rather long. We can see the following subjects: “farmers – manufacturers – wholesale merchandisers – retailers – ultimate consumers”. We can’t deny “egoistical” motive of each subject to increase his own utility (and this idea is under the neoclassical paradigm). If we speak about the first four subjects, this utility is in the desire to sell the product to the following link in a chain at higher price. We can consider such desire normal if the price extra charge at each stage of the agrarian chain doesn’t exceed on average 5% over the cost value (in one of the reports the President of Russia has said such trade extra charge as “normal” profitability for food sellers). Meanwhile, we see an essential distortion at the stage “farmers – manufacturers”. We suggest to consider this phenomenon through the institutional theory which operates with categories “contractual relations”, “behavioral opportunism”, “transactional costs”. The companies- manufacturers often hold a monopoly position at the local markets. As a result farmers have no opportunity to realize a product at reasonable price. Thus, production of a qualitative, environmentally friendly and healthy product becomes almost impossible. Farmers have no motivation to produce a qualitative and safe product, and in general to produce it. The efficiency of contractual interactions of a food chain is low already on start. Thus, researching the agrarian market since 2015, we have come to a conclusion concern such phenomenon as “a transactional rent”. This category has been introduced for scientific use. Using this category we point to the institutional imperfection of the agrarian market. More over in the article the we make quantitative analysis using developed technique. It allows to estimate the level of transactional costs at each stage of food chain.
Participation in labour market programmes: A positive or negative signal of employability?

Active labour market policies (ALMPs) are widely diffused measures aiming to re-integrate jobseekers into the labour market. Despite their crucial role in acting as gatekeepers to employment, the literature scarcely considers the employer’s perspective of these measures. We analysed whether and how employers consider ALMP participation in the hiring process as a signal that helps explain the labour market outcomes of jobseekers. We developed a theoretical argument regarding how employers interpret ALMP participation and identify assumed agency, that is, whether employers believe that the agency for initiating ALMP participation lies with the jobseeker (voluntary participation) or the job centre (mandatory participation), as a crucial factor determining whether their evaluation of ALMPs is positive or negative. To examine our expectations, we conducted qualitative interviews with employers hiring for low-skilled occupations in Switzerland and Sweden, representing two countries with comprehensive ALMP systems. As expected, the interpretation of ALMP programmes differs depending on the assumed agency. Employers who believe that participation is voluntary interpret participation as a signal of motivation; however, employers who believe that participation is mandatory interpret participation as a signal of lower productivity, which reduces the chances of a successful labour market access.
Fecal Calprotectin as a Biomarker Distinguishing Infectious Cause in Acute Intestinal Infections, Comparing Different Age Groups of Children

BackgroundFecal calprotectin (FC) measurement has a potential in distinguishing the cause of acute intestinal infections, but its distribution is age dependent.ObjectivesWith this study we wanted to investigate FC values in different age groups of children with acute intestinal infections.MethodsOne hundred and three children with acute intestinal infections were enrolled in this study. Seventy two had viral pathogens, 31 bacterial test subjects were divided into 3 groups: ≤ 1 y, 1 - 3 y, 3 - 7 y. Stool samples from test and control subjects (n = 17) were tested for FC with fluorescence enzyme immunoassay.ResultsViral and bacterial pathogen groups had significantly greater FC concentrations, compared to healthy controls. Overall, bacterial pathogen group presented with greater FC values, compared to viral pathogen group (1299.0 mg/kg vs 297.0 mg/kg, P = 0.002). The cut-off value for acute viral intestinal infections was > 70.0 mg/kg (78.2% sensitivity and 100% specificity), bacterial intestinal infections: > 201.0 mg/kg (88% sensitivity and 100% specificity). There was no difference in FC concentration between bacterial and viral pathogen groups in children under one-year-old (391.0 mg/kg vs 399.5 mg/kg, P = 0.945). Differences were significant comparing bacterial and viral pathogen groups of children from 1 to 3 (316.0 mg/kg vs 1799.75 mg/kg, P = 0.001) and from 3 to 7 years old (99.0 mg/kg vs1299.0 mg/kg, P = 0.04). ConclusionsFC is a valuable biomarker for distinguishing bacterial and viral pathogens, except for children under one-year-old.
Toxicological assessment of PEG functionalized f-block rare earth phosphate nanorods

The emerging development of rare earth nanotechnology in daily science has aroused serious concerns regarding its impact on health care systems. Despite the potential uses of rare earth (RE) nanoparticles for targeted drug delivery, detection/diagnosis and imaging, potential nanoparticle toxicity must be investigated before any in vivo medicinal applications can move forward. In this account, we illustrate the toxicological assessment of polyethylene glycol (PEG) functionalised Ln3+ (Ce3+, Tb3+) doped rare earth phosphate (LaPO4) nanorods. The first part of the work describes the synthesis of the nanorods employing a biologically compatible reaction environment using a H2O–EtOH solvent mixture, reflux temperature and a ligand exchange methodology. Thereafter, the synthesized materials have been purified and characterized. The later part of the work discusses the in vivo toxicity of the nanomaterial. Synthesized nanorods were suspended in a buffer and administered to mice through intraperitoneal (IP) injection over a period of 7 days (high dose 125 mg kg−1) and 28 days (high dose 125 mg kg−1 and low dose 12.5 mg kg−1). Analysis of the serum biochemistry and haematology followed by histopathology indicates inflammation in the liver. The biodistributions of rare earth ions (La3+, Ce3+ and Tb3+) were analyzed using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICPMS). Additionally, cellular viability of the synthesized nanorods was also studied using spleen mononuclear cells of Swiss albino mice.
Encapsulating Peritoneal Sclerosis (EPS): Analysis of Current Knowledge in the Literature and Observation of a Suspect Case

Among the medical complications of long-lasting Peritoneal Dialysis (PD) a particular pathology has been observed, the so-called Encapsulating Peritoneal Sclerosis (EPS). The main properties of the pathological process of EPS is represented by proliferative fibrosis and sclerosis of the peritoneum, which lead to the formation of the typical "cocoon" and obstruction. Since glucose, Advanced Glycation End products (AGEs), and Glucose Degradation Products (GDPs), are responsible for peritoneum fibrosis and sclerosis, biocompatible peritoneal dialysis solutions are recommended, with reduced quantities of AGEs and GDPs. Furthermore, careful monitoring of the patients is very important, especially after 5-8 years of PD. We performed an overview of the current literature available and discuss a “suspect” case of a 59-year-old male patient who underwent a single kidney transplant after a period of 8 year of peritoneal dialysis with numerous sub occlusive episodes, some of them required hospitalizations in a period between 2011 and 2019. Patient underwent to several radiologic exams for a suspect of a cocoon syndrome. © 2020 Nicolò Fabbri. Hosting by Science Repository. All rights reserved.
Looking at action: a visual approach to nineteenth-century football history in the Netherlands

ABSTRACT The Netherlands came late to 19th-century industrial revolution but when modernization occurred, it prompted an almost feverish cultural and social 'Anglomania'. Elite youngsters enthusiastically appropriated sports such as cricket and football, which were introduced and promoted by English native speaker teachers at boarding and private schools, and by anglophile teachers and pupils at municipal institutes of secundary education. As a contribution to the study of this process of 'sportfication', this article provides evidence of how at the Noorthey elite Protestant private school physical and mental training not only went hand in hand, but that social, educational and age differences and boundaries between pupils and teachers fell away. By utilizing action photo's and visual archive sources this paper demonstrates that, in addition to research based on texts and numbers, images can be a highly valuable source in sport history research, utterly worthy of critical commentary and independent interpretation.
Research on quantitative method of GIS partial discharge

Optical method is a commonly used method for detecting partial discharge in electrical equipment. How to use photometric quantitative detection is one of the most urgent problems to be solved. Based on the in-depth analysis of the physical meaning of the integral value of the PD optical signal, it is concluded that the linear integral value of the signal is linear with the apparent discharge. The experimental results show that the integral value of the PD photometric signal at different polarities and different distances is linear with the apparent discharge. The larger the gap distance between the needle and the plate electrode is, the larger the slope is. The linear relationship between the average primary integrated value of the PD photometric signal and the average apparent discharge is different. With the increase of the applied voltage, the PD discharge intensity and the pulse repetition rate increase, and the phase interval of the PD becomes wider. The actual air gap volume of the PD becomes larger, and the variation interval becomes wider, that is, the apparent discharge amount distribution interval becomes wider, and the maximum value and the minimum value of the distribution interval become larger. Therefore, it is possible to obtain the PD apparent discharge amount by using the photometric signal, and it is effective and feasible to quantitatively detect the internal PD of the GIS by optical method.
CSRR‐loaded UWB monopole antenna with electronically tunable triple band‐notch characteristics for cognitive radio applications

This article introduces a compact configuration of printed monopole antenna with electronically tunable band‐notched function for ultra‐wideband (UWB) applications. A partially grounded rectangular shaped monopole is designed initially to achieve UWB behavior. The notch characteristics are then introduced by employing three complementary split‐ring resonators (CSRRs) on the radiating surface. The proposed antenna exhibits an ultra‐wide operating band ranging from 1.98 to 10.54 GHz with the notched frequencies at 2.37, 3.03, and 4.18 GHz, respectively. In order to accomplish versatility in the antenna operation, the notched frequencies are controlled electronically by implementing three varactor diodes in between the split‐ring slots. By applying an appropriate reverse bias voltage, the triple notched bands are tuned over the frequency bands: 1.58‐2.12 GHz, 2.24‐2.68 GHz, and 3.08‐3.78 GHz, respectively. A prototype with an overall dimension of 34.9 × 31.3 × 1.6 mm3 has been fabricated to experimentally determine the tuning capability of the antenna structure. The experimental result establishes close correspondence with the simulated antenna properties. The suggested antenna can be implemented practically to reject interferences from complete 1.5‐2.1 GHz LTE systems, and 2.5/3.5 GHz‐WiMAX bands, simultaneously. The capability of tuning three notched‐bands together is distinctive and has not been reported in the published literature to the best of authors' knowledge.
Modeling Alternative Collaborative Governance Network Designs: An Agent-Based Model of Water Governance in the Lake Champlain Basin, Vermont

With the widespread use of collaborative governance mechanisms for mitigating water pollution, an opportunity exists to test alternative institutional designs based on collaborative governance theory using computer simulation models, particularly when there is a clear relationship between governance networks, observable resource allocation decisions, and measurable outcomes. This is especially the case for wicked problems like nonpoint source water pollution where there are compelling questions regarding how best to design policies, allocate funds, and build administrative capacity to meet water quality standards. We present an agent-based model (ABM) of water governance for the Lake Champlain Basin to simulate the impacts of alternative collaborative governance arrangements on the development of suites of water quality projects. The ABM is connected or coupled with land use and phosphorus load accumulation models that are informed by existing hydrologic models, project datasets, and state-set load reduction targets. We find that regionally arranged collaborative governance in water quality project planning and implementation can lead to better water quality outcomes, thereby affirming one of the central premises of collaborative governance regime theory. We also find that externally mandated collaboration, as opposed to voluntary, self-initiated collaboration, can lead to better water quality outcomes, adding to our understanding of which type of collaborative governance arrangement is best suited to the specific contexts of this case. Further, without adequate administrative capacity in the form of human resources located in central network actors to manage project funds, “administrative bottlenecks” may form and money can go unspent. This research demonstrates the efficacy of using simulations of alternative institutional design for theory testing and tuning, and policy prototyping.
Effect of Pre-oestrus Body Weight on Lambing Success in Primiparous Sheep (Ovis aries)

We investigated the relationship between reproductive performance in Norwegian domestic sheep at the age of 12 months and autumn body weights (i.e., pre-oestrus condition), among primiparous females in two different populations, Buskerud and Nordland. We hypothesized the existence of a threshold weight below which lambing either does not occur, or the probability of lambing is very low. We also expected heavier females to have higher probabilities of successful lambing. Using mixed-effects logistic regression analyses, we observed spatio-temporal variability in lambing success of primiparous sheep. The proportion of primiparous females giving birth between 1993 and 1999 varied from 87.4 to 92.75% (mean=91%) and from 82.02 to 90.53% (mean=87%) in Buskerud and Nordland, respectively. As expected, higher autumn weight increased the probability of lambing in the first year of life, even after accounting for the random variability between year and farm. We were unable to find a threshold weight necessary for successful lambing, probably as a result of varying management practices. We conclude that juvenile weight before oestrus is, among others, a good predictor of the probability of successful lambing in primiparous sheep.
The role of soluble sugars during drought in tropical tree seedlings with contrasting tolerances

Non-structural carbohydrates (NSCs) are plant storage compounds used for metabolism, transport, osmoregulation and regrowth following the loss of plant tissue. Even in conditions suitable for optimal growth, plants continue to store NSCs. This storage may be due to passive accumulation from sink-inhibited growth or active reserves that come at the expense of growth. The former pathway implies that NSCs may be a by-product of sink limitation, while the latter suggests a functional role of NSCs for use during poor conditions. Using 13C pulse labelling, we traced the source of soluble sugars in stem and root organs during drought and everwet conditions for seedlings of two tropical tree species that differ in drought tolerance to estimate the relative allocation of NSCs stored prior to drought versus NSCs assimilated during drought. We monitored growth, stomatal conductance, stem water potential and NSC storage to assess a broad carbon response to drought. We found that the drought-sensitive species had reduced growth, conserved NSC concentrations in leaf, stem and root organs and had a larger proportion of soluble sugars in stem and root organs that originated from pre-drought storage relative to seedlings in control conditions. In contrast, the drought-tolerant species maintained growth and stem and root NSC concentrations but had reduced leaf NSCs concentrations with a larger proportion of stem and root soluble sugars originated from freshly assimilated photosynthates relative to control seedlings. These results suggest the drought-sensitive species passively accumulated NSCs during water deficit due to growth inhibition, while the drought-tolerant species actively responded to water deficit by allocating NSCs to stem and root organs. These strategies seem correlated with baseline maximum growth rates, which supports previous research suggesting a trade-off between growth and drought tolerance while providing new evidence for the importance of plasticity in NSC allocation during drought.
Language Acquisition of Three Years Old Twin at Sentence Level

This study was entitled First Language Acquisition of three years old twin at sentence level. This is one branch of psycholinguistics that learns about language acquisition. Especially at the sentence level for Indonesian children aged three years in producing speech. This study used descriptive qualitative method. The author took data from the speech recordings delivered by two three-year-old twins named Azzahra and Azzura. In analyzing data, the author uses the language theory of milestones from infants to childhood by C.B. Kopp. Based on data analysis and explanation, the author suggests that not all Kopp theories are applied in the words of the subject. There are eight of the nine characteristics applied to the words of the subject. At the end of the study, the authors also found differences between the two subjects who had different levels of vocabulary acquisition.
Daily Responsiveness, Expectations, and Self–disclosure: How the Average Levels and Within–person Variability of Three Relationship Components Mediate Personality–Relationship Transactions in Romantic Couples

The associations between couple members’ personality and their relationship satisfaction can be conceptualized as reciprocal transactions. To better understand these transactions, we focused on both partners’ interpersonal vulnerabilities (i.e. neuroticism, low self–esteem, and insecure attachment); daily emotional, cognitive, and behavioural relationship components (i.e. perceived responsiveness, positive expectations, and self–disclosure); and relationship satisfaction. Specifically, we examined whether the average levels and within–person variability of the relationship components mediated the transactions between interpersonal vulnerabilities and relationship satisfaction. Data came from 689 female–male couples aged 18 to 81 years who participated in three measurement occasions across 12 months, including a 14–day diary phase. We used mediated dyadic bivariate latent change score models to test the level–change and change–change transactions and mediations. The findings partly supported our hypotheses: Couple members with interpersonal vulnerabilities had lower average levels (but not higher within–person variability) of the relationship components, and less satisfied couple members had lower average levels and higher within–person variability of these components. The lower average levels but not the variability mediated between a lower level of relationship satisfaction and an increase in avoidant attachment. No other mediations were observed. We discuss the importance of studying daily relationship components for better understanding reciprocal transactions in couples. © 2020 European Association of Personality Psychology
Implementasi Vector Space Model untuk Meningkatkan Kualitas Pencarian dan Penentuan Derajat Hadits pada Kitab-Kitab Hadits

Hadits merupakan sumber hukum kedua setelah Al-Quran. Al-Quran merupakan undang-undang yang memuat pokok-pokok dan kaidah-kaidah mendasar bagi Islam, yang mencakup bidang akidah, ibadah, akhlaq, muamalah, dan adab sopan santun. Tidak semua kaum muslimin bisa membaca kitab hadits serta tidak mampu menentukan derajat sebuah hadits apakah hadits itu shahih, lemah, atau palsu padahal ibadah, aqidah, muamalah haruslah dibangun diatas dalil yang shahih baik dari al Quran maupun dari hadits Nabi. Berdasarkan permasalahan tersebut maka penelitian adalah membangun sebuah aplikasi yang dapat menentukan derajat sebuah hadits serta dapat meningkatkan kualitas pencaraiannya. Dengan perkembangan ilmu pengetahuan dan teknologi maka komputer dapat berperan sebagai penganti seorang ahli hadits. Salah satu cara untuk mencari derajat dari sebuah hadits adalah dengan me-ranking, kemudian menentukan derajat hadits tersebut apakah hadits tersebut shahih, dhoif ataupun maudhu. Metode yang digunakan dalam penenlitian ini adalah Vector Space Model (VSM). Berdasarkan konsep yang digunakan tersebut, dikembangkan pemodelan dokumen untuk melakukan perengkinagan terhadap dokumen yang dibutuhkan. Inputan yang diimputkan pada aplikasi yang dibangun adalah potongan hadits, sistem akan mencari hadits berdasarkan inputan keseluruh kitab induk kemudian me- rangking dan menentukan derajat hadits tersebut berdasarkan penilaian ulama ahli hadits. Database kitab induk yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah Maktabah Syamila. Hasil dari penelitian ini adalah sebuah aplikasi yang dapat meningkatkan kualitas pencarian serta menentukan derajat sebuah hadits.
A Comparison of the Spatial Distributions of Three Plant-Parasitic Nematode Species At Three Different Scales

The spatial distributions of three nematode species (Longidorus elongatus, Longidorus goodeyi and Rotylenchus goodeyi) were intensively sampled in a permanent pasture field. Three regular sampling grids were employed covering scales ranging from 5 cm to 50 m. Geostatistical analyses were used to quantify any spatial dependencies found within and between nematode species. All three species were present in most samples and in general the raw counts were positively skewed. Semivariograms of transformed counts (log 10 (counts + 1)), showed similar, generally isotropic, trends for all three species with the variance increasing with separation distance. There was no evidence of a sill i.e. a levelling off of variance at larger scales. The only inter-species correlations detected were at scales up to about 20 cm between L. elongatus and L. goodeyi, species which share a similar environmental niche. A power model provided the best description of the semivariograms and is discussed in relation to "fractional Brownian motion", a scaling property present in many natural systems.