Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Current Topics in Developmental Biology, Vol. 2

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Dispersal Ability and Genetic Structure in Mytilid Mussels of Whale-Fall Communities

Since organic falls are ephemeral and distributed sporadically, organisms in organic-fall commun- ities must acquire high dispersal ability to migrate from one organic fall to another. However, the dispersal ability of obligate organic-fall organisms has not been investigated thoroughly and the stability of the genetic structure of their communities is unknown. In this study, in order to eluci- date the dispersal ability and genetic structure in the organic-fall communities, we carried out po- pulation genetic analyses based on sequences of mitochondrial NADH dehydrogenase subunit 4 in two mytilid mussels. Adipicola pacifica was obtained from whale and cow bones artificially settled in Japanese waters off Cape Noma (CN) and in the Nansei-Shoto Trench (NS) and Sagami Bay (SB), and Benthomodiolus geikotsucola from natural whale bones in the Torishima Seamount (TS); both species are symbiotic with chemoautotrophic bacteria. Genetic differentiation (Fst) indicated al- most no annual change in genetic structure between 2003, 2004, 2005, and 2007 collections of A. pacifica from CN (depth 225 - 229 m), although the 2010 collection had somewhat different ge- netic structure from the others. Similarly, there was not significant genetic differentiation be- tween 1993 and 2005 collections of B. geikotsucola from TS (depth 4020 m). The Fst and gene bidi- rectional mean rate of gene flow (Nm) indicated high gene flow and no significant genetic differen- tiation between A. pacifica specimens collected from CN, NS, and SB. The results suggest that the genetic structure is stable and A. pacifica has high dispersal ability. The mismatch distribution suggests that A. pacifica expanded their distribution from SB to NS via CN, as expansion time (τ = 2ut) decreased from SB to CN and NS. * Corresponding author.
DESEMPENHO DE GENÓTIPOS DE SOJA, CULTIVADOS NA REGIÃO CENTRO-SUL DO ESTADO DO TOCANTINS, SAFRA 2009/2010 PERFORMANCE OF SOYBEAN GENOTYPES IN CENTRAL-SOUTH REGION ON TOCANTINS STATE, CROP SEASON 2009/2010

Objetivou-se com este estudo, avaliar o desempenho de cultivares de soja na regiao centro-sul do Estado do Tocantins, sendo instalados dois ensaios na safra 2009/2010. Foi utilizado o delineamento experimental de blocos casualizados, com tres repeticoes e oito tratamentos correspondendo as cultivares em cada ensaio. As caracteristicas avaliadas foram altura de plantas; altura de insercao da primeira vagem; numero de dias para o florescimento; numero de dias para a maturacao e produtividade de graos. No ambiente de Gurupi houve um maior tempo para o florescimento assim como maior tempo para atingir a maturacao. A maior uniformidade do regime pluviometrico no ambiente de Gurupi pode explicar a maior produtividade neste ambiente, pois a maior absorcao de agua pelas raizes das plantas de soja aliada a maior fertilidade do solo proporciona consequentemente maior absorcao de nutrientes, afetando positivamente a produtividade. Em Palmas, as cultivares que apresentaram maiores medias de produtividade de graos foram TMG103RR, NK7074RR e MSOY9056RR. Em Gurupi, as cultivares que mais se destacaram foram TMG103RR, NK9078RR, MSOY8867RR e CD219RR. As cultivares NK7074RR e TMG103RR apresentaram boa performance nas duas localidades. O Maior indice pluviometrico no ambiente de Palmas podem ter influenciado o crescimento da planta e a altura de insercao primeira da vagem, porem nao foi suficiente para aumentar a produtividade de graos.
Biomaterial to Improve Drug Delivery in Alzheimer's Disease: Linking Major Pathogenic Pathways

Aging, hypertension, diabetes, obesity, atherosclerosis, traumatic brain injury, and other factors can all synergistically promote diverse pathological mechanisms. These risk factors trigger widespread inflammation and oxidative stress, both of which can lead to blood-brain barrier (BBB) disruption. These pathological cascades lead to neuronal Ca 2+ increase, neurodegeneration, gradual cognitive/memory decline, and eventually Alzheimer's disease. In particular, more recent research indicates that chronic inflammatory stimulus in the gut may induce (e.g., via serum amyloid A (SAA)) the release of proinflammatory cytokines. Hence, an effective preventive and therapeutic strategy could be based upon drug targeting toward a major SAA receptor responsible for the SAA-mediated cell signaling events leading to cognitive decline and eventually Alzheimer's disease. In addition, it has already been determined from past studies that drug-carrying lipid nanoparticles can take advantage of physiological receptor-mediated transport processes across the BBB for localized drug delivery in brain tissue.
Protein kinase A‐mediated phosphorylation of human CTP synthetase

The human CTP synthetase CTPS1 gene is functional in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Phosphopeptide mapping analysis of human CTP synthetase 1 isolated from 32Pi‐labeled yeast cells reveals that the enzyme is phosphorylated on multiple residues. Activation of protein kinase A activity in yeast resulted in transient increases (2‐fold) in the phosphorylation of human CTP synthetase 1 and the cellular level of CTP. This indicated that human CTP synthetase 1 was a target for protein kinase A phosphorylation in yeast. In addition, purified human CTP synthetase 1 is a substrate for mammalian protein kinase A in vitro. There are eight potential protein kinase A target sites in human CTP synthetase 1. Peptides containing these sites were synthesized and tested for their ability to serve as substrates for protein kinase A. Peptides containing the protein kinase A motifs for Thr455(LGKRRTLFQT) and Ser552 (SVGRLSHYLQ) were good substrates for the kinase. Thr455 to Ala (T455A) and Ser552 to Ala (S552A) mutations in the enzyme are being constructed by site‐directed mutagenesis to assess the physiological consequences of protein kinase A phosphorylation in yeast.
Low Power All-Digital Radio-over-Fiber Transmission for 28-GHz Band using Parallel Electro-Absorption Modulators

We present a low-power all-digital radio-over-fiber transmitter for beyond 28-GHz using sigma-delta modulation, a 140mW NRZ driver and parallel electro-absorption modulators. 5.25Gb/s (2.625Gb/s) 64-QAM is transported over 10-km SSMF at 1560nm with 7.6% (5.2%) EVM.
Critical Review: Current Research Issues on Crypto-currency and its Application in Financial Sectors

This research article is based on the current research issues on crypto-currency and its application in financial sectors. The researcher stated that crypto- currency attracted a significant attention and has been adopted in numerous applications, such as smart grid and Internet of Things (IoT) have a high scalability barrier for block-chain which limits its ability to support services with frequent transactions. In this research paper the researcher emphasized that some of the significant research issues on decentralized, peer to peer financial networks face risks such as fraud and suspicious trading, volatile price fluctuations, regularity uncertainty, and instability in financial sectors. This research study shows the huge growth of online users, virtual word concept which are created a new business phenomenon to facilitate financial activities such as buying, selling and trading. This research article analyzed the user’s expectation of future of crypto-currency in financial sectors at different significant level. In addition to this the researcher also discussed a statistical report which is adopted from the Statistic to provide a future direction of money regulatory in financial sector.
Retrieval of aerosol properties from Airborne Hyper-Angular Rainbow Polarimeter (AirHARP) observations during ACEPOL 2017

Abstract. Multi-angle polarimetric (MAP) imaging of Earth scenes can be used for the retrieval of microphysical and optical parameters of aerosols and clouds. The Airborne Hyper-Angular Rainbow Polarimeter (AirHARP) is an aircraft MAP instrument with a hyper-angular imaging capability of 60 along-track viewing angles at 670 nm and 20 along-track viewing angles at other wavelengths – 440, 550, and 870 nm – across the full 114∘ (94∘) along-track (cross-track) field of view. Here we report the retrieval of aerosol properties using the Generalized Retrieval of Aerosols and Surface Properties (GRASP) algorithm applied to AirHARP observations collected during the NASA Aerosol Characterization from Polarimeter and Lidar (ACEPOL) campaign in October–November 2017. The retrieved aerosol properties include spherical fraction (SF), aerosol column concentration in multiple size distribution modes, and, with sufficient aerosol loading, complex aerosol refractive index. From these primary retrievals, we derive aerosol optical depth (AOD), Angstrom exponent (AE), and single scattering albedo (SSA). AODs retrieved from AirHARP measurements are compared with the High Spectral Resolution LiDAR-2 (HSRL2) AOD measurements at 532 nm and validated with measurements from collocated Aerosol Robotic NETwork (AERONET) stations. A good agreement with HSRL2 (ρ=0.940, |BIAS|=0.062, mean absolute error (MAE) = 0.122) and AERONET AOD (0.010≤MAE≤0.015, 0.002≤|BIAS|≤0.009) measurements is observed for the collocated points. There was a mismatch between the HSRL2- and AirHARP-retrieved AOD for the pixels close to the forest fire smoke source and to the edges of the plume due to spatial mismatch in the sampling. This resulted in a higher BIAS and MAE for the HSRL2 AOD comparison. For the case of AERONET AOD comparison, two different approaches are used in the GRASP retrievals, and the simplified aerosol component-based GRASP/Models kernel which retrieves fewer number of aerosol parameter performed well compared to a more generous GRASP/Five mode approach in the low aerosol loading cases. Forest fire smoke intercepted during ACEPOL provided a situation with homogenous plume and sufficient aerosol loading to retrieve the real part of the refractive index (RRI) of 1.55 and the imaginary part of the refractive index (IRI) of 0.024. The derived SSAs for this case are 0.87, 0.86, 0.84, and 0.81 at wavelengths of 440, 550, 670, and 870 nm, respectively. Finer particles with an average AE of 1.53, a volume median radius of 0.157 µm, and a standard deviation (SD) of 0.55 for fine mode is observed for the same smoke plume. These results serve as a proxy for the scale and detail of aerosol retrievals that are anticipated from future space mission data, as HARP CubeSat (mission begins 2020) and HARP2 (aboard the NASA PACE mission with launch in 2023) are near duplicates of AirHARP and are expected to provide the same level of aerosol characterization.
Inulin levels on animal and vegetal diets for broiler chicken.

This study aimed to evaluate the effect of inulin inclusion levels in diets with ingredients of vegetable and animal origin, on the performance and carcass yield of broilers chickens. Were used 1056 chicks, of one day old, housed in reused poultry litter, distributed in a completely randomized design, in a factorial 2 x 4 (animal and vegetable diets x inclusion levels of inulin), totaling eight treatments, six replicates and 22 birds per experimental unit. The inulin levels were: 0, 0.25, 0.50 and 0.75%. At seven, 21 and 40 days of age were evaluated: final weight, weight gain, feed intake, feed conversion and viability. At 40 days were evaluated: productive efficiency, economic variables and carcass yield. No effects of inulin and type of diet were observed on the performance from one to seven days old (P>0.05). From one to 21 days, a feed consumption decreased (P<0.05) with the inclusion of inulin. The diet with animal ingredients provided greater carcass yield, thigh and lower abdominal fat percentage (P<0.05) at 40 days of age. The abdominal fat reduced (P<0.05) with the inclusion of inulin incresase. It is concluded that inulin can be used, up to the level of 0.75% in diets of animal or vegetable origin without sacrificing the broilers performance.
Pteridófitas de uma área remanescente de Floresta Atlântica do Estado de Pernambuco, Brasil

A checklist of the pteridophytes occurrence in Ecological Reserve of Jangadinha, in the municipality of Jaboatao dos Guararapes was made as a contribution to the study of remnant area of Atlantic Forest of Pernambuco, Brazil. Auto-ecology information about the species are included. Collections were made in five points of the Reserve, namely Banho-Frio -1, Banho-Frio - II, Area do Acude, Area do Reservatorio and Mata do Curado. Twenty-five species of the following 14 families were recognized: Schizaeaceae (2 spp.), Gleicheniaceae (2 spp.), Hymenophyllaceae (1 sp.), Cyatheaceae (1 sp.), Pteridaceae (7 spp.), Vittariaceae (1 sp.), Dennstaedtiaceae (2 spp.), Thelypteridaceae (2 spp.), Dryopteridaceae (1 sp.), Davalliaceae (lsp.), Blechnaceae (1 p.), Polypodiaceae (2 spp.), Lycopodiaceae (1 sp.) and Selaginellaceae (1 sp.). Pteridophytes occurred in all points studied. Banho-Frio-I was richer in species than the other places, and Mata do Curado is relatively poor. The microhabitat with most species were those enclosed inside the forest and their edge, mainly in the humid slopes.
Environmental control of dormancy in Lolium rigidum Gaud. seeds

This paper summarises information gathered during research into dormancy of annual ryegrass (Lolium rigidum Gaud.) seeds performed in Western Australia over the last fi ve years. Research has taken us a step closer towards understanding (i) the infl uence that the environment during seed development has on dormancy status at maturity, and the effect of the long-term climate experienced by previous generations of plants and (ii) how the environment controls dormancy release during after-ripening of annual ryegrass seeds.
Plagiomnium undulatum (Bryopsida) Ekstraktlarının Yabani Yulaf’ın Fide Gelişimi Üzerine Allelopatik Etkisi

Weeds compete with crop plants for plant nutrients, light, water and space, causing crop losses. Wild oat ( Avena sterilis L.) is a weed that cause high yield loss in cereals. As organic agriculture gained importance, biological control of weeds increased. In this study, extracts of Plagiomnium undulatum , a moss species, were applied to A. sterilis seedlings grown under controlled conditions. Photosynthetic pigment amount, proline concentration, total protein amount and antioxidant enzyme activities were analyzed in developing seedlings. The data of the decrease in chlorophyll and protein amounts, increase in proline concentration and catalase enzyme activity compared to negative controls prove that P. undulatum has an allelopathic effect on wild oats, suggesting that it may be an alternative way for weed control with additional studies.
Accelerating Curve of Anxiousness

Daily, media reports on countries eagerly introducing advanced surveillance technology to counter the COVID-19 pandemic (e.g. Byers 2020, Doffman 2020; Holmes 2020, Stojanovski 2020). The critics and commentators focus – rightly – on multifaceted dangers lurking behind the technological optimism, which drive our hopes of defeating the pandemic (e.g. Cahn and Veiszlemlein 2020; Ikeda 2020; Swire 2020). Majority of the critical voices concerns the future risks, and the (unintended) consequences of the implemented products, which do their (intended) job. But some technological interventions not only have unintended consequences, they simply do not work. A case in point: a Polish bugged app. Considering this app, I invite the readers to a discussion about how a bugged app may impact social relations, citizen’s wellbeing and sense of (in)security in the already disturbed political and health context.
The U.S.-Chinese Trade War: An Event Study of Stock-Market Responses

At the beginning of 2018, President Trump started taking protective tariff measures against products from China in a sequence of events which started a "trade war" between the United States (U.S.) and China. As the value of trade flows affected on both sides rose to a significant amount, this episode will become an interesting research object in the future. A thorough analysis of many outcomes of interest is at this point in time -- and even will be in the next few years -- impossible due to a lack of data which will only become available at a later point. However, as is customary with historical preferential liberalizations in trade agreements and potentially the opposite of it through Brexit, it is possible to gauge consequences of this "trade war" or "trade dispute" when focusing on the stocks of listed companies around related tariff-change announcements or implementations by the U.S. and China in the relevant time span. This paper proposes such an analysis and finds, very much consistent with the rumors from business, that the associated protectionist tariffs appear to have done to a large extent the opposite of what was intended: they hurt domestic firms in targeted and also other, untargeted sectors of an acting country, and they affect third countries and territories which are not even party to the "trade war" or "dispute".
Rüppell’s weaver, Ploceus galbula Rüppell, 1880 invasion of the Eastern Arabian Peninsula: potential economic and social impacts

In this article we report the first invasion of Rüppell’s weaver (Ploceus galbula) into the Palearctic biogeographic zone. This research documents the introduction and spread of Rüppell’s weaver in the Eastern Province, Saudi Arabia. Because the Rüppell’s weaver are not strong fliers, their introduction is almost certainly caused by escapees and deliberate releases of birds brought in by pet trade. Subsequently, Rüppell’s weavers were able to breed and spread, feeding on the seasonal crops, while exhibiting the ability to utilize variable food sources. After the first introduction in the Al-Qatif city, the weavers spread north and south. This report highlights the potential ecological, economic and social impacts of the weaver’s invasion in the Eastern Province of Saudi Arabia. Lastly, the importance of a comprehensive study assessing the effects the Rüppell’s weaver has in these invaded habitats is highlighted.
Visual discrimination of shapes in the ant Myrmica rubra (Hymenoptera, Formicidae)

Using collective differential operant conditioning, it could be shown that workers of the species Myrmica rubra distinguish different filled shapes of similar size (e.g. a black square from a black circle, a black triangle from a black circle, and a black triangle from a black square). They are unable to discriminate hollow shapes (e.g. a rectangle from an ellipse, or a lozenge from an ellipse) of similar size. When presented with hollow shapes, M. rubra workers rely more on the length of the perimeter than on the actual shape. A hollow lozenge and rectangle of identical height and width but with a different perimeter can be partly distinguished; hollow shapes of different height and width but identical perimeter are not at all discriminated. The visual perception ability in M. rubra is weaker than in M. ruginodis but superior to that in M. sabuleti; this assessment is consistent with the eye morphology and the navigation system of the three species.
Population stability in the endangered Fleay’s barred frog (Mixophyes fleayi) and a program for long-term monitoring

Abstract. In the wake of the global decline in amphibians there is a need for long-term population monitoring. Previous research suggested that the endangered Fleay’s barred frog (Mixophyes fleayi) had recovered after a severe decline. We aimed to determine whether this recovery has been sustained and to test an example of a monitoring program that could be employed at intervals of five or more years to assess long-term population stability. We conducted capture–mark–recapture five years after the last detailed census at Brindle Creek in Border Ranges National Park, New South Wales. Frogs were captured along a 200 m creek transect between September 2013 and February 2014. We used program Mark to estimate demographic parameters of adult male frogs using two modelling approaches: robust design (RD) and the POPAN formulation of the Jolly–Seber model. Abundance was estimated at 38.2 ± 0.5 (s.e.) (RD) and 46.0 ± 2.7 (POPAN). Abundance in 2008 was estimated at 53.2 ± 10.0 (POPAN) male frogs. Estimates of apparent monthly survival over our five-month-long study were very high (RD: 1.0 ± 0.0; POPAN: 1.0 ± 0.02). Recapture estimates were also high (RD: 0.40 ± 0.07 to 0.72 ± 0.05 per session; POPAN: 0.84 ± 0.05 per month). These data suggest that the Brindle Creek population has remained relatively stable over a period of ∼10 years.
Co-Creation with Amateur Designers via Open Innovation

This research presents a literature review and a series of short cases on amateurs’ participation in collaborative innovation process. Amateurs are generally considered as non-professionals to a particular pursuit, study, or science. In new product/service development, amateurs are the ones that do not have the occupation as professional designers, but still have the ability or willingness to participate in the innovation process. The concept of “amateur” discussed here is different from “user”. The results of the literature analysis and case studies proved that amateurs’ participation already contributed to companies’ idea generation, and even had commercial success in some industries. Some suggestions are given for assisting amateurs and designers to adapt to the new design process changes, and rules are offered for the companies to localize their collaboration mode with a long-term strategy.
Restoration of sarcolemmal nNOS is essential to normalize α‐adrenoceptor control of muscle blood flow in transgenic mdx mice

Neuronal nitric oxide synthase (nNOS) is abundantly expressed in skeletal muscle, where it is localized to the sarcolemma via the dystrophin glycoprotein complex (DGC). We previously reported that nNOS‐derived NO blunts α‐adrenergic vasoconstriction in contracting muscle and that this protective effect is absent in boys with muscular dystrophy and in mdx mice in which mutations in the dystrophin gene disrupt the DGC and displace nNOS. We therefore hypothesized that restoration of sarcolemmal nNOS is essential to rescue the normal contraction‐induced attenuation of α‐adrenergic vasoconstriction. In the resting hindlimbs of transgenic mdx mice expressing minidystrophin genes that restore the DGC with (ΔH2‐R15) or without (ΔH2‐R19) restoring nNOS, intraarterial norepinephrine evoked similar decreases in femoral blood flow and vascular conductance. These constrictor responses were markedly attenuated by 81±3% in the contracting hindlimbs of the ΔH2‐R15 transgenics (p<0.05 vs. rest; n=8), but by only 16±4% in the ΔH2‐R19 transgenics (p>0.05 vs. rest; n=6) and by 10±5% in transgene negative littermates (n=3). Minigene expression yielded similar results in mdx4cv mice, which have a different dystrophin mutation and genetic background than mdx mice. These data indicate that recovery of sarcolemmal nNOS is essential to restore normal blood flow regulation in mdx skeletal muscle. Supported by the NIH and MDA.
Modeling Exchange rate -interest rate differential nexus in BRICS: The role asymmetry and structural breaks

This paper validates, with a linear model, the theoretical construction that specifies negative relationship between interest rate differential and exchange rate in the BRICS countries. Further probe with a nonlinear model reveals that exchange rate responds asymmetrically to interest rate differential in the countries. In all, we show that accounting for asymmetry and structural breaks enhance the relationship.