Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
FEM simulation of novel small wind turbine generation system with synchronous reluctance generator

This paper describes a small wind turbine generation system with synchronous reluctance generator (SynRG). SynRGs are robust and inexpensive. In addition, SynRG has no cogging torque. Hence, wind turbine generation system with SynRG can achieve smooth start at low wind velocity. The rotor design of proposed SynRG is multi flux barrier type. With the finite element analysis (FEA) software, the characteristics of SynRG are brought out, and the performance of wind turbine generation system with SynRG is simulated by FEM analysis coupled with the motion equation of the wind turbine generation system under the maximum power point tracking control. In this paper, the constant wind test and the quasi-natural wind test are conducted. The results of these simulations indicate that the wind turbine generation system with SynRG has good performance, especially in starting phenomena.
Role of television in adolescent women's body dissatisfaction and drive for thinness.

OBJECTIVE Many authors have implicated the media's promotion of an unrealistically thin ideal for women as a major causal factor in the current high levels of body dissatisfaction and increasing incidence of eating disorders. The present study aimed to investigate the relationship between exposure to one medium, television, and body dissatisfaction and drive for thinness. METHOD Questionnaires were administered to 94 adolescent women who reported how much and what television they had watched in the previous week. Body dissatisfaction and drive for thinness were also assessed. RESULTS Amount of television watched did not correlate with either body dissatisfaction or drive for thinness, but category of program did. Specifically, amount of time spent watching soaps, movies, and (negatively) sport predicted body dissatisfaction, and the watching of music videos predicted drive for thinness. DISCUSSION The results are consistent with sociocultural explanations for body dissatisfaction and for the emergence of eating disorders in young women.
Diagnostic Lessons from a Complex Case of Postintestinal Transplantation Enteropathy

Recent advances in the field of intestinal transplantation have been mitigated by the incidence of allograft rejection. In such events, early identification and appropriate timing of antirejection therapy are crucial in retaining graft function. We present the case of a patient who suffered severe postintestinal transplantation allograft enteropathy, primarily characterized by extensive mucosal ulcerations, and was refractory to all conventional therapy. This progressed as chronic rejection; however crucially this was not definitively diagnosed until allograft function had irreversibly diminished. We argue that the difficulties encountered in this case can be attributed to the inability of our current array of investigative studies and diagnostic guidelines to provide adequate clinical guidance. This case illustrates the importance of developing reliable and specific markers for guiding the diagnosis of rejection and the use of antirejection therapeutics in this rapidly evolving field of transplant surgery.
Silicon-Layer Guided-Mode Resonance Polarizer With 40-nm Bandwidth

Fabrication and characterization of a guided-mode resonance-based polarizer is presented. This polarizer is made by electron-beam patterning a single layer of amorphous silicon on a glass substrate. The fabricated device has high and low transmittance for transverse-electric and transverse-magnetic polarizations, respectively, over a ~ 40-nm wavelength range for normally incident light. Its experimental extinction ratio is ~ 97:1 at a central wavelength of 1510 nm.
Transforming DNA sequences in rat cells transformed by DNA fragments of highly oncogenic human adenovirus type 12

Rat cell lines tranformed by viral DNA fragments, EcoRI-C and HindIII-G, of adenovirus type 12 DNA were analyzed for the viral transforming DNA sequences present in cell DNAs. Cell lines transformed by the EcoRI-C fragment of adenovirus type 12 DNA (leftmost 16.5% of the viral genome) contain most of the HindIII-G sequences of the HindIII-G fragment, but at a different frequency depending on the portions of the fragment. The sequence of the AccI-H fragment of adenovirus type 12 DNA (the left part of the HindIII-G; leftmost 4.5% of the viral genome) was detected dominantly in cells transformed by the HindIII-G fragment Southern blot analysis showed that viral DNA sequences are present at multiple integration sites in high-molecular-weight cell DNA from cells transformed by the EcoRI-C or HindIII-G fragment of adenovirus type 12 DNA. These results suggest that most of the HindIII-G sequences in cells transformed by the HindIII-G fragment are present as fragmented forms.
Psychrotolerant Paenibacillus tundrae Isolates from Barley Grains Produce New Cereulide-Like Depsipeptides (Paenilide and Homopaenilide) That Are Highly Toxic to Mammalian Cells

ABSTRACT Paenilide is a novel, heat-stable peptide toxin from Paenibacillus tundrae, which colonizes barley. P. tundrae produced 20 to 50 ng of the toxin mg−1 of cells (wet weight) throughout a range of growth temperatures from +5°C to +28°C. Paenilide consisted of two substances of 1,152 Da and 1,166 Da, with masses and tandem mass spectra identical to those of cereulide and a cereulide homolog, respectively, produced by Bacillus cereus NS-58. The two components of paenilide were separated from those of cereulide by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), showing a structural difference suggesting the replacement of O-Leu (cereulide) by O-Ile (paenilide). The exposure of porcine spermatozoa and kidney tubular epithelial (PK-15) cells to subnanomolar concentrations of paenilide resulted in inhibited motility, the depolarization of mitochondria, excessive glucose consumption, and metabolic acidosis. Paenilide was similar to cereulide in eight different toxicity endpoints with porcine and murine cells. In isolated rat liver mitochondria, nanomolar concentrations of paenilide collapsed respiratory control, zeroed the mitochondrial membrane potential, and induced swelling. The toxic effect of paenilide depended on its high lipophilicity and activity as a high-affinity potassium ion carrier. Similar to cereulide, paenilide formed lipocations, i.e., lipophilic cationic compounds, with K+ ions already at 4 mM [K+], rendering lipid membranes electroconductive. Paenilide-producing P. tundrae was negative in a PCR assay with primers specific for the cesB gene, indicating that paenilide was not a product of plasmid pCER270, encoding the biosynthesis of cereulide in B. cereus. Paenilide represents the first potassium ionophoric compound described for Paenibacillus. The findings in this paper indicate that paenilide from P. tundrae is a potential food-poisoning agent.
GAKAV: Group Authentication and Key Agreement for LTE/LTE-A Vehicular Networks

Vehicular ad hoc networks play an important role in current intelligent transportation networks which have gained much attention from academia and industry. The vehicular networks can be implemented by the LTE/LTE-A networks, which have been formally defined in a series of standards by the third generation partnership projects (3GPP). There are lots of challenges in the authentication processes in the LTE/LTE-A. In this paper, aimed to improve the security functionality of the vehicular networks, a new secure and efficient group authentication and key agreement scheme for the vehicular networks has been proposed, named as the GAKAV. Compared with the existing schemes, the proposed scheme can greatly reduce the amount of control message transmission from mass of vehicular equipment (VEs) to the network and avoid much overhead in the LTE/LTE-A networks. Besides, it has the following security functions including privacy preservation, non-frameability and non-repudiation verification.
Undulatory tadpole robot (TadRob) using ionic polymer metal composite (IPMC) actuator

We have developed the wireless tadpole robot that has simple geometry, driven by low voltage and the undulatory fin-motion using IPMC(Ionic Polymer Metal Composite) actuator. Behavior of TadRob is tested and analyzed under various frequencies(1/spl sim/8 Hz) to find the correlation between actuator frequency and velocity of the robot. In addition, the robot velocity based on undulation motion and oscillation motion of the fin is compared to find the proper fin-motion in the viewpoint of. velocity efficiency for the robot. Also, steering capability is tested under variation of duty ratio. Based on experimental results, we can confirm that the velocity of TadRob can be controlled by changing frequency of input voltage and the steering angle can be increased with increasing the duty ratio.
Relationship between serum creatine kinase activity following exercise-induced muscle damage and muscle fibre composition

Abstract In this study, we examined the relationship between serum creatine kinase activity following exercise-induced muscle damage and muscle fibre composition. Seventeen untrained males volunteered and underwent a [Vdot]O2max test, Wingate test, and an exercise-induced muscle damage protocol. Muscle soreness and blood samples were recorded before, immediately after, and 24, 48, 72, and 96 h after exercise. Biopsy samples from the vastus lateralis were collected one week after exercise-induced muscle damage and were assessed for muscle fibre composition. There was no significant relationship (P > 0.05) between muscle fibre composition and creatine kinase activity. A significant positive correlation (P < 0.05) was observed between soreness 48 h after exercise and type II and IIb fibres, and a significant negative correlation (P < 0.05) was observed between soreness 48 h after exercise and type I muscle fibres. Significant positive correlations were observed between soreness 48 h after exercise and the fatigue index, relative average power, and relative anaerobic capacity. Our results suggest that creatine kinase activity following exercise-induced muscle damage may not be related to muscle fibre proportions, and higher post-exercise muscular pain may be related to a predominance of type II muscle fibres and higher anaerobic capabilities.
Prospective comparison of state-of-the-art MR enterography and CT enterography in small-bowel Crohn's disease.

OBJECTIVE The objective of our study was to prospectively obtain pilot data on the accuracy of MR enterography for detecting small-bowel Crohn's disease compared with CT enterography and with a clinical reference standard based on imaging, clinical information, and ileocolonoscopy. SUBJECTS AND METHODS The study group for this blinded prospective study was composed of 33 patients with suspected active Crohn's ileal inflammation who were scheduled for clinical CT enterography and ileocolonoscopy and had consented to also undergo MR enterography. The MR enterography and CT enterography examinations were each interpreted by two radiologists with disagreements resolved by consensus. The reports from ileocolonoscopy with or without mucosal biopsy were interpreted by a gastroenterologist. The reference standard for the presence of small-bowel Crohn's disease was based on the final clinical diagnosis by the referring gastroenterologist after reviewing all of the available information. RESULTS All 33 patients underwent CT enterography and ileocolonoscopy, 30 of whom also underwent MR enterography. The sensitivities of MR enterography and CT enterography for detecting active small-bowel Crohn's disease were similar (90.5% vs 95.2%, respectively; p = 0.32). The image quality scores for MR enterography examinations were significantly lower than those for CT enterography (p = 0.005). MR enterography and CT enterography identified eight cases (24%) with a final diagnosis of active small-bowel inflammation in which the ileal mucosa appeared normal at ileocolonoscopy. Furthermore, enterography provided the only available imaging in three additional patients who did not have ileal intubation. CONCLUSION MR enterography and CT enterography have similar sensitivities for detecting active small-bowel inflammation, but image quality across the study cohort was better with CT. Cross-sectional enterography provides complementary information to ileocolonoscopy.
articleInfluence of socio-economic status on habitual physical activity and sedentary behavior in 8-to 11-year old children

Background: While socio-economic status has been shown to be an important determinant of health and physical activity in adults, results for children and adolescents are less consistent. The purpose of this study, therefore, is to examine whether physical activity and sedentary behavior differs in children by socio-economic status (SES) independent of body mass index. Methods: Data were from two cohorts including 271 children (117 males; 154 females) in study 1 and 131 children in study 2 (63 males; 68 females). The average age was 9.6 and 8.8 years respectively. Height and body mass were assessed according to standard procedures and body mass index (BMI, kg/m2) was calculated. Parent-reported household income was used to determine SES. Habitual, free-living physical activity (PA) was assessed by a pedometer (steps/day) in study 1 and accelerometer (time spent in moderate-to-vigorous PA) in study 2. Self-reported time spent watching TV and on the computer was used as measure of sedentary behavior. Differences in PA and sedentary behavior by SES were initially tested using ANOVA. Further analyses used ANCOVA controlling for BMI, as well as leg length in the pedometer cohort. Results: In study 1, mean daily steps differed significantly among SES groups with lower SES groups approximating 10,500 steps/day compared to about 12,000 steps/day in the higher SES groups. These differences remained significant (p < 0.05) when controlling for leg length. Lower SES children, however, had higher body mass and BMI compared to higher SES groups (p < 0.05) and PA no longer remained significant when further controlling for BMI. In study 2 results depended on the methodology used to determine time spent in moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA). Only one equation resulted in significant group differences (p = 0.015), and these differences remained after controlling for BMI. Significant differences between SES groups were shown for sedentary behavior in both cohorts (P < 0.05) with higher SES groups spending less time watching TV than low SES groups. Conclusions: Children from a low SES show a trend of lower PA levels and spend more time in sedentary behavior than high SES children; however, differences in PA were influenced by BMI. The higher BMI in these children might be another factor contributing to increased health risks among low SES children compared to children from with a higher
Utilisation des temps de réponse dans la différenciation des épreuves de mémoire à court terme et de mémoire de travail dans le domaine visuospatial

La distinction entre les epreuves de memoire a court terme (MCT) et de memoire de travail (MDT) dans le domaine visuospatial est sujette a controverses. Un moyen d'observer une telle distinction serait de manipuler la longueur de la sequence a retenir afin d'en observer un effet differentiel sur les deux types de tâches. Nous avons effectue cette manipulation sur deux tâches de MCT et une tâche de MDT visuospatiales qui ont ete administrees a 123 jeunes adultes (18-35 ans). Nous avons mesure le nombre de reponses correctes ainsi que deux variables dependantes moins utilisees dans ce type de paradigme : le temps d'initiation de la reponse et le temps total de reponse. Nous obtenons un effet differentiel de la longueur de la sequence entre l'une de nos tâches de MCT et notre tâche de MDT, ceci pour le nombre de reponses correctes et le temps total de reponse. Cela nous laisse penser que les deux types de tâches ne mesurent pas exactement les memes processus. Les aspects de ressources partagees dans les capacites evaluees par les deux types de tâches sont discutes.
“Keep your brain fit!” Effectiveness of a psychoeducational intervention on cognitive functioning in healthy adults: A randomised controlled trial

ABSTRACT A psychoeducational intervention (Keep your brain fit! ) was designed for the middle-aged and older working population. The intervention focuses on increasing knowledge and awareness about cognitive ageing and teaching strategies to cope with cognitive changes. The primary aim of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of the e-health intervention in terms of subjective cognitive functioning. As secondary aims, objective cognitive functioning and psychological well-being were also measured. A randomised controlled trial that included people aged 40 to 65 years was conducted. A maximum of 4 weeks was allowed to complete the intervention. The outcome measures were obtained from an online test battery that was administered at baseline, post-test and at 4-week follow-up. A total of 376 participants completed the whole study. After the intervention, the experimental group reported more feelings of stability concerning memory functioning and perceived greater locus of control over memory compared to the control group. These effects were maintained at the 4-week follow-up. Taking into account the relatively low costs and easy accessibility of this e-health intervention, we consider the programme to be a valuable contribution to public healthcare interventions for middle-aged and older adults.
Caracterización de las competencias transculturales del terapeuta ocupacional en su trabajo con grupos étnicos en un contexto urbano

Este trabajo de grado esta enmarcado en una investigacion de tipo social de accion – participacion, con caracter democratico y de perspectiva comunitaria porque busca describir y analizar ideas, creencias, significados, conocimientos y practicas de grupos, culturas y comunidades (Patton, 2002) partiendo de un enfoque descriptivo, reflexivo y comprensivo. El objetivo de este estudio fue identificar las competencias transculturales del Terapeuta Ocupacional para trabajar en y con personas del ciclo vital de juventud pertenecientes a grupos etnicos a partir del estudio de su desempeno ocupacional desde la mirada individual y colectiva de su cotidianidad. El estudio comprendio grupos indigenas, gitanos y afrodescendientes que habitan en un contexto urbano. Partio de la pregunta ? si la etnia y la cultura determinan caracteristicas particulares en el desempeno ocupacional de las personas, entonces es una condicion que demanda en el Terapeuta Ocupacional competencias transculturales particulares para desarrollar acciones en y con diferentes grupos etnicos? ; se fundamenta en conceptos como: cultura, Etnia, raza, competencias transculturales, compatibilidad cultural, desempeno ocupacional, caracteristicas del y la joven y terapia ocupacional. Como resultado se establecio que el contexto, la cultura y las caracteristicas propias de la edad son factores directos en la consolidacion de la identidad que le permiten al y la joven de cualquier grupo etnico establecer un autoconocimiento y un comportamiento claro frente a la rutina, los intereses, las motivaciones y las relaciones interpersonales. En este sentido el terapeuta ocupacional tiene que desarrollar ciertas capacidades para trabajar con grupos etnicos, generando estrategias a partir de los conceptos y enfoques propios de su que hacer y adaptarlos a las caracteristicas del ser humano; de esta manera es importante contar con competencias transculturales basadas en el saber ser, saber convivir, saber conocer y saber hacer. Es decir, la transculturizacion del desempeno del Terapeuta Ocupacional, es una cualidad que implica flexibilizar el que hacer y adaptar las acciones al amplio rango y variacion de las normas culturales de las personas.
Isolation and characterization of two teleost melanopsin genes and their differential expression within the inner retina and brain

Melanopsin is a newly discovered photopigment that is believed to be involved in the regulation of circadian rhythms in tetrapods. Here we describe the characterization of the first two teleost melanopsins (opn4a and opn4b) isolated from Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua). These two teleost genes belong to a subgroup of melanopsins that also include members from Xenopus, chicken, and Takifugu. In situ hybridization revealed that opn4a and opn4b are differentially expressed within the retina and brain. In the larval and adult retina, both melanopsins are expressed in a subset of cells in the inner retina, resembling amacrine and ganglion cells. In addition, opn4a is expressed in the horizontal cells, indicating a separate task for this gene. In the brain, the two melanopsins are separately expressed in two major retinal and extraretinal photosensitive integration centers, namely, the suprachiasmatic nucleus (opn4a) and the habenula (opn4b). The expression of opn4a in the suprachiasmatic nucleus in cod is similar to the melanopsin expression found in Xenopus. This suggests a conserved role for this opsin and an involvement in mediation of nonvisual photoreceptive tasks, such as entraining circadian rhythms and/or hypophysiotrophic systems. The differential expression of opn4b in the habenula suggests that this gene plays a role similar to that of opn4a, in that it is also situated in an area that integrates photic inputs from the pineal as well as other brain regions. Thus, the habenula may be an additional region that mediates photic cues in teleosts. J. Comp. Neurol. 456:84–93, 2003. © 2002 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Virulence genes, borders, and overdrive generate single-stranded T-DNA molecules from the A6 Ti plasmid of Agrobacterium tumefaciens

Agrobacterium tumefaciens transfers the T-DNA portion of its Ti plasmid to the nuclear genome of plant cells. Upon cocultivation of A. tumefaciens A348 with regenerating tobacco leaf protoplasts, six distinct single-stranded T-DNA molecules (T strands) were generated in addition to double-stranded T-DNA border cleavages which we have previously reported (K. Veluthambi, R.K. Jayaswal, and S.B. Gelvin, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 84:1881-1885, 1987). The T region of an octopine-type Ti plasmid has four border repeats delimiting three T-DNA regions defined as T left (TL), T center (TC), and T right (TR). The six T strands generated upon induction corresponded to the TL, TC, TR, TL + TC, TC + TR, and TL + TC + TR regions, suggesting that the initiation and termination of T-strand synthesis can occur at each of the four borders. Most TL + TC + TR T-strand molecules corresponded to the top T-DNA strand, whereas the other five T strands corresponded to the bottom T-DNA strand. Generation of T strands required the virA, virG, and virD operons. Extra copies of vir genes, harbored on cosmids within derivatives of A. tumefaciens A348, enhanced production of T strands. The presence of right and left border repeats in their native orientation is important for the generation of full-length T strands. When a right border repeat was placed in the opposite orientation, single-stranded T-DNA molecules that corresponded to the top strand were generated. Deletion of overdrive, a sequence that flanks right border repeats and functions as a T-DNA transmission enhancer, reduced the level of T-strand generation. Induction of A. tumefaciens cells by regenerating tobacco protoplasts increased the copy number of the Ti plasmid relative to the bacterial chromosome.