Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Cerebral Ischemia Induces Neuronal Vulnerability and Astrocytic Dysfunction in Stroke-Prone Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats

Stroke-prone spontaneously hypertensive (SHRSP) rats develop severe hypertension, and more than 95% of them die of cerebral stroke. Cerebral ischemia or hypoxia and/or subsequent oxygen reperfusion strongly induces neuronal damage in SHRSP rats. The biochemical features of brain cells such as neuronal cells and astrocytes of SHRSP rats might contribute to the strong tendency of SHRSP rats to suffer strokes. In SHRSP rats, the production of hydroxyl radicals was strongly elevated after reperfusion. Neuronal expression of thioredoxin ( Txn1 ) and Bcl2 genes was significantly reduced in SHRSP rats compared with Wistar Kyoto (WKY) rats. In SHRSP rats, the susceptibility of neuronal cells to death is partly due to an insufficiency of mitochondrial redox regulation and a deficiency of the apoptosis-inhibitory protein Bcl-2. Antioxidant vitamin E may regulate the expression of redox and apoptosis-related proteins in neuronal damage. In astrocytes isolated from SHRSP rats, the cells’ proliferative ability and expression of vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1) and high-mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) are strongly increased compared with those in the WKY rat strain. Astrocytic lactate production, an energy source for neuronal cells, was reduced in SHRSP rats in comparison with the WKY rat strain. SHRSP astrocytes reduced their production of glial cell line–derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF) and l-serine compared to WKY astrocytes during hypoxia and reoxygenation (H/R). Furthermore, sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) reduced the expression of GDNF in primary SHRSP rat astrocytes. On the other hand, production of l-serine and the expression of alanine/serine/cysteine/threonine transporter (ASCT1) were lower in SHRSP than in WKY rat astrocytes after exposure to arginine vasopressin (AVP). In this chapter, we describe the neuronal vulnerabilities and astrocytic dysfunctions of SHRSP rats induced by cerebral ischemia.
Avaliação da proteína amastina de Leishmania sob a forma recombinante e de epítopo específico de células B para o diagnóstico sorológico diferencial da leishmaniose visceral

O diagnostico da leishmaniose visceral (LV) apresenta problemas devido a toxicidade e / ou alto custo dos medicamentos. Alem disso, nao existe vacina para proteger contra doencas humanas. Neste estudo, a antigenicidade e a imunogenicidade da proteina amastina foram avaliadas em caes e humanos infectados por L. infantum. Para o diagnostico, alem da proteina recombinante, 1 epitopo linear de celula B foi sintetizado e avaliado em ensaios sorologicos. Os resultados mostraram alta sensibilidade e especificidade para detectar a doenca quando ambos os antigenos foram empregados contra um painel sorologico canino e humano. Em contraste, quando se utiliza rA2 e uma preparacao antigenica de Leishmania soluvel, os valores de sensibilidade e especificidade mostraram-se mais baixos. Um estudo preliminar de imunogenicidade mostrou que a proteina amastina induziu alta producao de IFN-γ e baixa IL-10 em PBMC estimuladas derivadas de pacientes com VL tratados e individuos saudaveis, sugerindo um uso potencial dessa proteina como um imunogeno para proteger contra doencas humanas.
3-D Short-Range Imaging With Irregular MIMO Arrays Using NUFFT-Based Range Migration Algorithm

3-D imaging with irregular planar multiple-input-multiple-output (MIMO) arrays is discussed. Due to signal acquisition on irregular spatial sampling grids by using these antenna arrays, the fast Fourier transform (FFT)-based imaging algorithms cannot readily be used for image formation. To avoid the application of computationally intensive coherent summation algorithms such as filtered backprojection or Kirchhoff migration, we propose a nonuniform FFT (NUFFT)-based MIMO Range Migration Algorithm (i.e., NUFFT-based MIMO-RMA) for efficient microwave imaging. The algorithm exploits NUFFT to reconstruct the wavenumber–domain spectra related to each Fourier frequency. It is generic and applicable to 3-D imaging with irregular planar MIMO arrays. The effects of irregular spatial sampling and signal bandwidth on the imaging performance and computational efficiency of the proposed algorithm are analyzed. Finally, some numerical simulations and experimental results are presented to demonstrate the performance of the proposed imaging algorithm.
Experimental characteristic of PET plastic bottle waste addition on asphalt concrete wearing course compound

Optimization of bottle plastic waste with Polyethylene Terephthalate (PET) type as additional material for asphalt can be performed by running a test on modified plastic bottle waste for further usage as the asphalt compound. Besides, Indonesia is placed second in the world rank for producing plastic waste into the sea so that waste domestication becomes a necessity to reduce the increasing amount of waste. Moreover, inserting plastic bottle waste is to get the durability of pavement structure in case of deformation tolerance in the traffic load. The study is oriented to the plastic bottle waste called Polyethylene Terephthalate (PET). The study utilizes the wet process method as asphalt additional material. The present study is executed on the Asphalt Concrete Wearing Course compound by using 60/70 asphalt pen which is modified with PET plastic bottle waste by 0%, 3%, 6%, 9% and 12% levels. The study aims to investigate the Marshall parameter of asphalt concrete characteristics with various asphalt PET modifications. The result of the Marshall parameter shows that asphalt optimum level (AOL) for asphalt 0 % is about 5.9, PET asphalt of 3%, 6%, 9%, and 12% is about 5.95. Based on the analysis, the optimum level of asphalt concrete compounded with 9% PET has improved stability value of 33% between the usage of optimum modified asphalt and asphalt pen by 60/70.
Relationship between Insulin to Glucagon Ratio and Metabolic Parameters in Primiparous and Multiparous Dairy Cows in Transitional Period

In order to investigate the relationship between insulin to glucagon ratio and metabolic factors in transitional period of dairy cows, 28 cows heifers with body condition score of 3.25- 3.75 were selected. Dairy cows received close up diet, from 21 days prepartum until parturition and lactation diet according to nutritional requirements after parturition. Blood was sampled at 10 days before and 20 days after parturition. BCS was assessed again 20 days after parturition. Serum levels of insulin, glucagon, glucose, NEFA, BHBA, triglyceride, cholesterol and albumin were measured. Insulin, glucagon, insulin to glucagon ratio, cholesterol and albumin levels were not significant between pre and postpartum in primiparous and multiparous cows. Glucose, triglyceride and BCS were decreased at 20 days postpartum than 10 days before partum but NEFA and BHBA were increased in both groups. Serum levels of all parameters were not significantly different between primiparous and multiparous cows. No significant correlation between insulin to glucagon ratio and blood metabolites before and after parturition in primiparous and multiparous cows was observed. It seems that insulin to glucagon ratio decreases as a physiologic response in a transitional period for adaptation to increasing demands of glucose, but is not related to NEFA and BHBA. Therefore, although insulin to glucagon ratio decreased, supplying nutrient requirements of dairy cows can decrease negative energy balance.
Incremental matrix factorization for simultaneous learning from parallel data streams

Matrix factorization techniques have proven to be useful and reliable for solving largescale machine learning problems. The data sparsity and cold-start problems found in real-world applications, such as recommender systems, can be indirectly alleviated by considering multiple heterogeneous data sources, while at the same time the successful utilization of data fusion resolves in a higher predictive accuracy. However, incrementally handling models upon multiple data streams remains a crucial and only partially solved problem. This work presents one way of fusing multiple data streams through matrix factorization. Our proposed method models heterogeneous and asynchronous data streams and provides predictions in real time. As a result of incremental updating, the proposed method successfully adapts to changes in data concepts, while application of data fusion improves prediction accuracy and reduces effects of the cold-start problem. Using the proposed methodology we develop a streaming recommender system and show how prediction accuracy can be substantially increased by considering multiple data sources. Nevertheless, evaluating data fusion, recommender and other incremental algorithms, such as our presented method, is inherently difficult due to the scarcity of obtainable data sources. In order to address this problem, we conjointly propose a synthetic data generator, capable of generating multiple temporal and inter-dependent data streams of relational data. Data streams generated in this way successfully mimic real-life datasets in terms of statistical data properties and comparable performance of various machine learning models. Proposed methodologies help in development of solutions for collective modeling of streaming data in real-time. Apart from recommender systems, the versatility of matrix factorization further allows for its use in solving several other machine learning problems, such as dimensionality reduction, clustering and classification.
Running title: Finnish Current Care Guideline for Glaucoma

1 Tays Eye Centre, Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, FIN-33521, Finland 2 Medical Center Ekenäs Öga, Tammisaari, FIN10600, Finland 3 Department of Ophthalmology, Seinäjoki Central Hospital, Seinäjoki, FIN-60220, Finland 4 Department of Ophthalmology, Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, FIN00029, Finland 5 Department of Dermatology and Allergology, Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, FIN00250, Finland 6 Wasaborg Eye Centre, Vaasa, FIN65100, Finland 7 Department of Ophthalmology, Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, FIN-90220, Finland 8 Chief Editor, Current Care Guidelines, the Finnish Medical Society Duodecim, Helsinki, FIN00101, Finland
The Human Alpha Female: Social and Biological Perspectives

Today, in the popular and academic literature, women in the West who exhibit dominanceseeking behaviors to attain or maintain higher positions in social and professional networks are often referred to as “alpha females” or “alpha women”. Within this context, the term “alpha female” has become synonymous with the term leadership. Much of the research on the human alpha female takes its cues predominantly from the nonhuman primate literature on the social and biological factors that may predispose an individual to be an “alpha”, in particular, an “alpha male”. What are considered traditionally masculine traits in the West, such as aggression, leadership, and dominance, are often used to describe the alpha female. More recently, traits such as collaboration, teamwork, coalition building, and affiliative behavior, considered typical “feminine” traits in the West, have also been used to describe the alpha female. To date however, whether women socially occupy and/or biologically express this identity has not been researched. The purpose of this thesis is to address the gaps in the literature and following what has been studied in the nonhuman primate literature, to investigate whether women who identify as alpha female are distinguishable from other women. For the present study, I examined the associations between alpha female status with the expression of specific alpha female related traits, hormone concentrations in hair, as well as differences in finger lengths, or the 2D:4D ratio, a prenatal biomarker of testosterone exposure. For the women in this study, the results suggest,
Deep Reinforcement Learning Based Left-Turn Connected and Automated Vehicle Control at Signalized Intersection in Vehicle-to-Infrastructure Environment

In order to solve the problem of vehicle delay caused by stops at signalized intersections, a micro-control method of a left-turning connected and automated vehicle (CAV) based on an improved deep deterministic policy gradient (DDPG) is designed in this paper. In this paper, the micro-control of the whole process of a left-turn vehicle approaching, entering, and leaving a signalized intersection is considered. In addition, in order to solve the problems of low sampling efficiency and overestimation of the critic network of the DDPG algorithm, a positive and negative reward experience replay buffer sampling mechanism and multi-critic network structure are adopted in the DDPG algorithm in this paper. Finally, the effectiveness of the signal control method, six DDPG-based methods (DDPG, PNRERB-1C-DDPG, PNRERB-3C-DDPG, PNRERB-5C-DDPG, PNRERB-5CNG-DDPG, and PNRERB-7C-DDPG), and four DQN-based methods (DQN, Dueling DQN, Double DQN, and Prioritized Replay DQN) are verified under 0.2, 0.5, and 0.7 saturation degrees of left-turning vehicles at a signalized intersection within a VISSIM simulation environment. The results show that the proposed deep reinforcement learning method can get a number of stops benefits ranging from 5% to 94%, stop time benefits ranging from 1% to 99%, and delay benefits ranging from −17% to 93%, respectively compared with the traditional signal control method.
The effect of parent education on the home food environment for overweight adolescents in West Virginia

Effect of Parent Education Sessions on the Home Environment of Overweight Adolescents in West Virginia Kimberly N. Fisher This study is a pre and post-intervention study examining family involvement and healthy food behaviors prior to and three month post nutrition education. The intervention was conducted as part of a residential summer camp for overweight adolescents in West Virginia. Twenty-one parents were included, one parent per camper. The intervention included nine hours of nutritional instructional time consisting of lectures, PowerPoint presentations, and a grocery store tour. Data were measured to determine occurrence of positive changes within the home environment of these families. Parent education sessions were evaluated. A factor analysis and independent samples t test were used respectively to assess internal consistency and pre and post-intervention changes. Significant positive improvements occurred in the following: nutritious food availability (p<0.02), meal planning (p<0.02), aspects of positive family meals (p<0.02). Parent education sessions as part of a residential summer camp intervention made an impact on overall home environment based on parent perceptions.
Employee engagement in generating ideas on internal social media

The purpose of this paper is to explore employees’ perceptions of enablers and barriers to engage in multi-vocal dialogues about ideas (ideation) on internal social media (ISM) within a context of corporate communication. ,This exploratory study is based on four data sets: online observations of employee ideation on ISM from 2011 to 2018, semi-structured interviews and informal conversations with two managers (2015–2016), archival material, and semi-structured interviews with 14 employees (2017–2018) in a large, knowledge-intensive Danish organization. ,The study identified various enablers and barriers to engagement related to psychological engagement conditions of meaningfulness, safety and availability. Managers’ communication role or importance of innovation, as well as tensions, e.g. obligation vs option to ideate or employee influence vs no influence, were identified as enabling or constraining employee engagement in ideation on ISM. ,Broadening interviews to include employees who decided not to participate in online ideation would increase insights and nuance this study’s results. ,Managers need to be aware of the psychological engagement conditions and balance identified enablers, barriers and tensions by acknowledging communication reciprocity on ISM. Not only employees, but also managers, are dialogue partners in employee ideation on ISM. ,The study is one of the first to explore enablers of and barriers to psychological engagement conditions in a context central to corporate communication, namely internal innovation communication on ISM, and to study ideation from a coworker perspective.
A Survey on Various Online Payment and Billing Techniques

Over the past few decades, Internet technology has shaped almost everybody's life. Business banks set up internet workstations and provide customer information requirements, internet payment fund diversion financial services, credit, investment, etc. An online payment system is a means for conducting economic transactions based on the Internet.This allows a seller to accept payments over the web or other internet connections, such as direct network connections between retail stores and their suppliers— a common way of keeping inventories just in time. Online payment systems are greatly expanding a company's scope and selling potential.Usually, online payment services are operated by third-party firms like PayPal, Google or Click2Pay. Such companies make a profit by taking a small portion of each transaction, or by signing contracts with institutions that require a large number of transactions. Without the ability to make online payments, a large Internet retailer, like Amazon.com, could not exist. Online payment systems have expanded the playing field between big and small companies, as each of them can adopt the same payment methods when they sign up with third party payment processors.
Hospital-, Health Care-, and Community-Acquired MRSA: Estimates From California Hospitals, 2013

Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureas (MRSA) is a bacterium that is resistant to many of the most commonly prescribed beta-lactam antibiotics, including penicillin, amoxycillin, oxacillin, and methicillin. Severe cases of MRSA may result in endocarditis, osteomyelitis, septicemia, or even death. Each year MRSA accounts for approximately 11,000 deaths in the United States.1 Costs associated with a MRSA infection are high, with an average hospital length of stay of 10 days and average hospital costs of $14,000. The average length of stay and hospital costs associated with MRSA are approximately 2 times higher than those of other hospital stays.2
In Silico Tools and Phosphoproteomic Software Exclusives

Proteomics and phosphoproteomics have been emerging as new dimensions of omics. Phosphorylation has a profound impact on the biological functions and applications of proteins. It influences everything from intrinsic activity and extrinsic executions to cellular localization. This post-translational modification has been subjected to detailed study and has been an object of analytical curiosity with the advent of faster instrumentation. The major strength of phosphoproteomic research lies in the fact that it gives an overall picture of the workforce of the cell. Phosphoproteomics gives deeper insights into understanding the mechanism behind development and progression of a disease. This review for the first time consolidates the list of existing bioinformatics tools developed for phosphoproteomics. The gap between development of bioinformatics tools and their implementation in clinical research is highlighted. The challenge facing progress is ideally believed to be the interdisciplinary arena this field of research is associated with. For meaningful solutions and deliverables, these tools need to be implemented in clinical studies for obtaining answers to pharmacodynamic questions, saving time, costs and energy. This review hopes to invoke some thought in this direction.
Rival populisms and the democratic crisis in Indonesia: chauvinists, Islamists and technocrats

ABSTRACT Viewed as a stable democracy for much of the 2000s and early 2010s, Indonesia has in recent years been part of the global populist surge. In fact, national politics has been marked by competition between three rival populist streams: chauvinism, Islamism and technocratic developmentalism. This article discusses the conditions under which such a three-track populism could emerge in Indonesia. In identifying the drivers of populism, it points to the existence of a major religio-political cleavage, the framing of that cleavage in a narrative of economic inequality, the easy targeting of cultural minorities, and the collaboration of established parties. Drawing from survey data to substantiate its claims, the discussion demonstrates that populist attitudes are spread widely across the ideological landscape; that its intensity is highest at the extreme ends of Indonesia’s Islamist-pluralist spectrum; and that populist citizens are more concerned with purported threats to their identity than the kind of politico-economic hardship that much of the classic populism literature has focused on. Most importantly for Indonesian democracy, the three types of populism have interacted among each other, and with the non-populist political establishment, in a way that has severely undermined the quality of the democratic polity.
An Investigation into the Pattern of Antibiotic Resistance of Bacteria Causing Ventilator – Associated Pneumonia in ICU

Aims: The present study sought to determine the pattern of antibiotic resistance of pathogens in Ventilator–Associated Pneumonia (VAP) and to investigate risk factors of multi-drug resistant (MDR) in ICUs of tertiary referral hospitals. Study Design: Cross sectional study. Place and Duration of Study: In this cross sectional study, the files of 196 patients with VAP hospitalized in ICU of tertiary referral hospitals in 2014 were examined. Methodology: In order to determine common pathogens and their pattern of antibiotic resistance, the patients’ results of culturing Bronchoalveolar fluid were examined. The agent pathogens were divided in two groups of with and without MDR and different demographic and risk factors for resistance were compared into the two groups. Results: Among from 196 patients examined, 53 and 143 cases had early and late pneumonia, respectively. There was no significant difference between the early and late groups in regard to the frequency of MDR pathogens. There was no significant difference between the two groups with and without MDR in terms of age, gender, immune deficiency, duration of hospitalization and taking antibiotics. The most common early and late types were Acinetobacter baumannii (40.4%) and Klebsiella pneumoniae (31.8%), respectively and the minimal resistance of the bacteria was related to Colistin and amikacin antibiotics. Conclusion: Considering the high and increasing prevalence of antibiotic resistance, measures such as providing samples for culture before prescribing antibiotics, starting empirical treatment based on the frequency of agent pathogens and the rate of their antibiotic resistance and avoiding prescription without indication of antibiotics seem necessary.