Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A Passive Harmonic Tag for Humidity Sensing

This paper describes a passive harmonic tag for radio frequency identification (RFID) and wireless sensor applications. The tag uses a dual polarized UHF patch antenna as an input antenna. One of the outputs is connected to a frequency doubler, which consists of a Schottky diode with its output connected to a patch tuned at twice the input frequency. The other output of the input antenna feeds a DC power harvested converter that drives an oscillator which modulates its output signal by controlling the bias point of the Schottky diode. The antenna’s output is also used as a humidity sensor. To achieve this, the antenna is loaded with an interdigital capacitor with humidity-dependent capacitance. The antenna is consequently detuned when humidity varies, and therefore the second harmonic power is received. The tag is manufactured using standard fiberglass substrate. The basic theory of harmonic tag operation is described and compared with the standard backscattering approach. Experimental results with a proof of concept using commercial components are presented.
Hybrid Arabic text steganography

An improved method for Arabic text steganography is introduced in this paper. This method hides an Arabic text inside another based on a hybrid approach. Both Kashida and Arabic Diacritics are used to hide the Arabic text inside another text. In this improved method, the secret message is divided into two parts, the first part is to be hidden by the Kashida method, and the second is to be hidden by the Diacritics or Harakat method. For security purposes, we benefitted from the natural existence of Diacritics as a characteristic of Arabic written language, as used to represent vowel sounds. The paper exploits the possibility of hiding data in Fathah diacritic and Kashida punctuation marks, adjusting previously presented schemes that are based on a single method only. Here, the secret message is divided into two parts, the cover text is prepared, and then we apply the Harakat method on the first part. The Kashida method is applied on the second part, and then the two parts are combined. When the hidden ‘StegoText’ is received, a split mechanism is used to recover the original message. The described hybrid Arabic StegoText showed higher capacity and security with promising results compared to other methods.
A Holistic Evaluation of Articles on PD-1 and PD-L1 Published Between 1975 and 2017: A Bibliometric Analysis

Background: Bibliometrics has been used for assessing and predicting trends in macro-health science and medical systems, especially in the field of cancer. Bibliometric and scientometric studies in the field of programmed cell death 1/programmed cell death 1 ligand 1 (PD-1/PD-L1) may guide further research in this field. Objective: To perform bibliometric analysis of articles on PD-1 and PD-L1 published in the academic literature during 1975 to 2017. Method: The bibliometric analysis was performed using the Thomson Reuters Web of Science database. Results: A total of 23 813 articles were retrieved, 73.52% of which were original articles. The United States was the leading country by total publication number (n = 10 897, 10.91%), followed by China (10.54%), and produced the most literature on PD-1/PD-L1 (164.65 articles). Among the institutions identified, Harvard University (USA) contributed the most articles on PD-1/PD-L1. Conclusions: All authors and institutions in the top 10 contributor’s lists were from the developed countries. Researchers from the developing and least-developed countries should be encouraged to perform novel studies on PD-1 and PD-L1.
DiReT: An effective discriminative dimensionality reduction approach for multi-source transfer learning

Transfer learning is a well-known solution to the problem of domain shift in which source domain (training set) and target domain (test set) are drawn from di fferent distributions. In the absence of domain shift, discriminative dimensionality reduction approaches could classify target data with acceptable accuracy. However, distribution diff erence across source and target domains degrades the performance of dimensionalityreduction methods. In this paper, we propose a Discriminative Dimensionality Reduction approach for multi-source Transfer learning, DiReT, in which discrimination is exploited on transferred data. DiReT nds an embedded space, such that the distribution di erenceof the source and target domains is minimized. Moreover, DiReT employs multiple sourcedomains and semi-supervised target domain to transfer knowledge from multiple resources,and it also bridges across source and target domains to nd common knowledge in anembedded space. Empirical evidence of real and arti cial datasets indicates that DiReTmanages to improve substantially over dimensionality reduction approaches.
Diagnosis and Therapy of Triple-Negative Breast Cancer (TNBC) – Recommendations for Daily Routine Practice

Abstract The rapid increase in knowledge in tumour biology and tumour pathogenesis of triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) has resulted in new therapeutic approaches and new therapeutic concepts for treatment. For years, TNBC has been considered to be a difficult-to-treat tumour due to its generally aggressive tumour biology and in view of limited therapeutic options. The risk of recurrence and metastasis is higher than in the case of other breast cancer subtypes of the same stage. In addition to surgery and radiation in the curative situation, systemic chemotherapy with anthracyclines and/or taxanes is still the therapy of choice. New therapeutic approaches are based on the knowledge that TNBC is a molecularly very heterogeneous disease. Research groups are working to classify TNBC better and better on a molecular level and use this molecular subtyping as the basis for new therapeutic strategies. The most promising new approaches and considerations regarding the therapy of TNBCs are shown below. In addition, the current therapeutic strategies are discussed using a fictitious case history, taking the current data and the resultant therapeutic consequence into account. Zusammenfassung Durch den raschen Erkenntnisgewinn zu Tumorbiologie und Tumorpathogenese des triple-negativen Mammakarzinoms (TNBC) ergeben sich neue Therapieansätze und neue Therapiekonzepte für die Behandlung. Seit Jahren gilt das TNBC wegen seiner in der Regel aggressiven Tumorbiologie und angesichts limitierter Therapieoptionen als schwierig zu behandelnder Tumor. Das Rezidiv- und Metastasierungsrisiko ist höher als bei anderen Mammakarzinom-Subtypen desselben Stadiums. Neben Operation und Bestrahlung in der kurativen Situation ist die systemische Chemotherapie mit Anthrazyklinen und/oder Taxanen nach wie vor die Therapie der Wahl. Neue Therapieansätze basieren auf der Erkenntnis, dass das TNBC eine molekular sehr heterogene Erkrankung ist. Forschungsgruppen arbeiten daran, das TNBC immer besser auf molekularer Ebene zu klassifizieren und diese molekulare Subtypisierung als Grundlage für neue therapeutische Strategien zu nutzen. Im Folgenden werden die vielversprechendsten neuen Ansätze und Überlegungen zur Therapie des TNBCs dargestellt. Anhand einer fiktiven Kasuistik werden zudem die derzeitigen Therapiestrategien unter Berücksichtigung der aktuellen Datenlage und den sich daraus ergebenden therapeutischen Konsequenz besprochen.
Intraclutch Egg-Size Variation in the Eurasian Kestrel: Advantages and Disadvantages of Hatching from Large Eggs

Egg size in birds may be positively correlated with hatching success (Jarvinen and Vaisanen 1983, Magrath 1992a), hatchling mass (Magrath 1992a, Nilsson and Svensson 1993), and nestling growth and survival (Schifferli 1973, Moss et al. 1981, Williams 1990). Hence, egg size could influence offspring fitness (Williams 1994). Egg size varies among and within clutches, the former accounting for most of the variation (Ojanen et al. 1979, Jarvinen and Viisanen 1983, Wiggins 1990). However, variation in egg size within clutches may have greater fitness consequences than that among clutches because young that hatch from smaller eggs compete with larger siblings and have a higher risk of starvation (Nilsson and Svensson 1993). Generally, egg size varies with laying order following patterns that are typical for a species or population; e.g. increasing (Howe 1976, Mead and Morton 1985), decreasing (Parsons 1972, Nisbet and Cohen 1975), or increasing up to the middle egg and decreasing thereafter (Arnold 1991, Williams et al. 1993). These patterns may change relative to food supply (Simmons 1994), year (Jover et al. 1993), or clutch size (Vifnuela 1997) and may result from physiological or nutritional constraints on the female and/or be adaptive strategies to improve breeding success. Several constraints could cause intraclutch variation in egg size. For example, egg size may increase with laying sequence because females are "gearing up" physiologically for starting egg production (Parsons 1976). Last-laid eggs may be smaller because prolactin blood levels, which increase with the onset of incubation, could reduce the size of developing follicles (Leblanc 1987). Egg size also could decline with laying sequence because energy reserves for egg formation are depleted throughout laying (Ryden 1978, Pierotti and Bellrose 1986). Finally, fluctuating environmental conditions at the time of egg laying associated with low temperatures (Ojanen et al. 1981, Jarvinen and Ylimaunu 1986, Magrath 1992b) or with changes in food availability (Jarvinen and Vaisanen 1983) may cause variation in egg size independent of laying order. At least three hypotheses have been proposed to explain the function of intraclutch variation in egg
Postcards from the outside: European-contact rock art imagery and occupation on the southern Arnhem Land Plateau, Jawoyn lands

This chapter explores [the] incongruity in the distribution of Western-contact motifs contrasting northwestern and southwestern Arnhem Land in relation to the rich corpus of other kinds of rock art on the plateau. We stress from the onset that while images of ‘Western-contact art’ derive from a wide variety of responses to outsider influences, and include imagery that employs conventions akin and often indistinguishable to those of the pre–Western contact period, in this chapter we restrict our discussion to images of introduced objects and demonstrably foreign peoples.
Building trust networks in the absence of trust relations

AbstractUser-specified trust relations are often very sparse and dynamic, making them difficult to accurately predict from online social media. In addition, trust relations are usually unavailable for most social media platforms. These issues pose a great challenge for predicting trust relations and further building trust networks. In this study, we investigate whether we can predict trust relations via a sparse learning model, and propose to build a trust network without trust relations using only pervasively available interaction data and homophily effect in an online world. In particular, we analyze the reliability of predicting trust relations by interaction behaviors, and provide a principled way to mathematically incorporate interaction behaviors and homophily effect in a novel framework, bTrust. Results of experiments on real-world datasets from Epinions and Ciao demonstrated the effectiveness of the proposed framework. Further experiments were conducted to understand the importance of interaction behaviors and homophily effect in building trust networks.
Spectral survey of Case emission–line galaxies with the 6 m Russian telescope

The results of the follow{up spectroscopy of 178 emission{line galaxy (ELG) candidates from the Case objective{prism survey and nine Markarian galaxies with the 6 m telescope are described. Only the candidates clas- sied in the Case survey as those with emission lines were observed with the aim to form a statistical sample of blue compact galaxies (BCGs) with strong emission lines in the zone =8 h 16 h ,a nd =+ 29+38 . W e present the redshifts, equivalent widths and flux ratios for the strongest lines and the spectrum type for most of the galaxies with detected emission lines. A signicant frac- tion ( 23%) of the observed Case galaxies do not show emission lines in blue. Preliminary analysis of the data is presented and the properties of the observed ELGs are compared with those of other known samples 1 .
Topic discovery and evolution in scientific literature based on content and citations

Researchers across the globe have been increasingly interested in the manner in which important research topics evolve over time within the corpus of scientific literature. In a dataset of scientific articles, each document can be considered to comprise both the words of the document itself and its citations of other documents. In this paper, we propose a citation- content-latent Dirichlet allocation (LDA) topic discovery method that accounts for both document citation relations and the con-tent of the document itself via a probabilistic generative model. The citation-content-LDA topic model exploits a two-level topic model that includes the citation information for ‘father’ topics and text information for sub-topics. The model parameters are estimated by a collapsed Gibbs sampling algorithm. We also propose a topic evolution algorithm that runs in two steps: topic segmentation and topic dependency relation calculation. We have tested the proposed citation-content-LDA model and topic evolution algorithm on two online datasets, IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence (PAMI) and IEEE Computer Society (CS), to demonstrate that our algorithm effectively discovers important topics and reflects the topic evolution of important research themes. According to our evaluation metrics, citation-content-LDA outperforms both content-LDA and citation-LDA.
Evaluating demographic models for goat domestication using mtDNA sequences

Routes of migration and exchange are important factors in the debate about how the Neolithic transition spread into Europe. Studying the genetic diversity of livestock can help in tracing back some of these past events. Notably, domestic goat (Capra hircus) did not have any wild progenitors (Capra aegagrus) in Europe before their arrival from the Near East. Studies of mitochondrial DNA have shown that the diversity in European domesticated goats is a subset of that in the wild, underlining the ancestral relationship between both populations. Additionally, an ancient DNA study on Neolithic goat remains has indicated that a high level of genetic diversity was already present early in the Neolithic in northwestern Mediterranean sites. We used coalescent simulations and approximate Bayesian computation, conditioned on patterns of modern and ancient mitochondrial DNA diversity in domesticated and wild goats, to test a series of simplified models of the goat domestication process. Specifically, we ask if domestic goats descend from populations that were distinct prior to domestication. Although the models we present require further analyses, preliminary results indicate that wild and domestic goats are more likely to descend from a single ancestral wild population that was managed 11,500 years before present, and that serial founding events characterise the spread of Capra hircus into Europe.
Geothermobarometry of UHP and HP eclogites and schists – an evaluation of equilibria among garnet–clinopyroxene–kyanite–phengite–coesite/quartz

Geothermometry of eclogites and other high pressure (HP)/ultrahigh‐pressure (UHP) rocks has been a challenge, due to severe problems related to the reliability of the garnet–clinopyroxene Fe–Mg exchange thermometer to omphacite‐bearing assemblages. Likewise, reliable geobarometers for eclogites and related HP/UHP rocks are scarce. In this paper, a set of internally consistent geothermobarometric expressions have been formulated for reactions between the UHP assemblage garnet–clinopyroxene–kyanite–phengite–coesite, and the corresponding HP assemblage garnet–clinopyroxene–kyanite–phengite–quartz. In the system KCMASH, the end members grossular (Grs) and pyrope (Prp) in garnet, diopside (Di) in clinopyroxene, muscovite (Ms) and celadonite (Cel) in phengite together with kyanite and coesite or quartz define invariant points in the coesite and quartz stability field, respectively, depending on which SiO2 polymorph is stable. Thus, a set of net transfer reactions including these end members will uniquely define equilibrium temperatures and pressures for phengite–kyanite–SiO2‐bearing eclogites. Application to relevant eclogites from various localities worldwide show good consistency with petrographic evidence. Eclogites containing either coesite or polycrystalline quartz after coesite all plot within the coesite stability field, while typical quartz‐bearing eclogites with no evidence of former coesite fall within the quartz stability field. Diamondiferous coesite–kyanite eclogite and grospydite xenoliths in kimberlites all fall into the diamond stability field. The present method also yields consistent values as compared with the garnet–clinopyroxene Fe–Mg geothermometer for these kinds of rocks, but also indicates some unsystematic scatter of the latter thermometer. The net transfer geothermobarometric method presented in this paper is suggested to be less affected by later thermal re‐equilibration than common cation exchange thermometers.
Stratospheric Ozone Density Retrieval Using the Optimal Estimation Method (OEM)

We use an Optimal Estimation Method (OEM) to retrieve ozone profiles from the CANDAC Stratospheric Ozone Differential Absorption Lidar in Eureka, Canada. The OEM is a well known inverse method in which a forward model (FM) is used to describe the instrument and geophysical situation. We have developed a FM and are testing its validity using synthetic measurements. We will present the advantages of using OEM retrievals over the traditional method, including a full uncertainty budget.
An Asymmetric Information Problem of Environment Quality

The environmental quality standards and preferences vary across different regions. Similarly, regulations on the quality standard of the environment will affect profits of local firms across regions in different ways. Therefore, it would not be efficient to impose a nationwide standard for environmental quality by a central agency since in each region the quality level should allow for specific regional characteristics. Setting a specific standard means assigning property rights both to the polluting firms and to those affected by pollution. Our purpose is to derive some normative implications about property rights: because we are in a world with positive transaction costs, property rights have a central role in determining the ultimate use of resources. How should property rights be designed in order to optimally take into account the asymmetric information structure (the information from both side is not balanced, in one side we get less information than the other side)? The aim of our paper is to assign exclusive property rights, whether to the one party who creates or to the one party who sustains the externality. Specifically, we argue that it is not optimal to leave the decision about the size of the externality entirely to the bargaining process between the two parties. We prove that a benevolent regulator can increase efficiency by setting a standard, yet allowing for renegotiation between the parties affected, thus making it possible to take into account specific preferences. The importance of the standard is that it defines the threat point of the bargaining game, which in turn affects the efficiency of the system. Keywords: Bargaining game; optimization; environmental quality; asymmetric information.
Tectonophysics pact of gravity forces and topography denudation normal faulting in Central – Western Pyrenees : sights from 2 D numerical models

Normal faulting mechanisms observed in the northern foothills of the Central–Western Pyrenees are remarkable, since one expects thrust faults at a convergent plate boundary. To understand the mechanisms involved, we used numerical modeling and investigated the impact of the following processes: gravitational potential energy associated with topography and dense crustal blocks; isostatic compensation in response to denudation and/or sedimentation. To decipher the effects of each process, we designed three model geometries and added a pre-existing weak fault where most of the seismicity occurs. To evaluate our model results, we derived the fault slip rate from the focal mechanisms in the region where we have the fault in our model. We found a slip rate of 15 m/Ma, which is in agreement with our modelling results. We conclude that flexural rebound induced by surface processes is able to explain the seismicity in Central–Western Pyrenees. 2015 Académie des sciences. Published by Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved. Corresponding author. E-mail address: manon.genti@gm.univ-montp2.fr (M. Genti).
Semi-Classical Conformal Blocks in the AdS/CFT correspondence

Conformal blocks are building blocks of correlation functions in conformal field theories (CFTs). They neatly encode the universal information dictated by conformal symmetry and separate it from the dynamical information which depends on the particular theory. Conformal blocks merit an in-depth study as is evidenced by their extensive applications in the study of bulk locality in the AdS/CFT correspondence and the recent conformal bootstrap program. The vacuum Virasoro blocks in the semi-classical (large central charge) limit is known to compute the leading order contribution to the Rényi entropy. Moreover, the semi-classical Virasoro blocks along with conformal bootstrap feature in a proof of the cluster decomposition principle for AdS3/CFT2. In this thesis, conformal field theory and its necessary ingredients are briefly reviewed. Conformal blocks from the exchange of a spinless operator are evaluated by holographic computations of geodesic Witten diagrams for AdSd+1/CFTd. The results are verified against the Casimir operator method of Dolan and Osborn. Virasoro blocks in various semi-classical limits are discussed, and holographic Virasoro blocks are calculated in the global, heavy-light, and perturbative heavy, and the results are verified using the monodromy method. Finally, defect conformal field theories (dCFTs) are introduced and, as an original contribution, an integral expression for defect conformal blocks is obtained, which is expected to precisely match the corresponding result in dCFT literature.
Comamonas sp. EB172 isolated from digester treating palm oil mill effluent as potential polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA) producer

Eleven potential polyhydroxybutyrates (PHB) producers were successfully screened from treated palm oil wastewater using acetate as sole carbon and energy sources and on nitrogen limiting media with Nile Blue A dye to screen for PHB accumulation. Orange fluorescence color, produced upon binding of the dye to polymer granules in the cell, was detected when directly exposed under ultra violet light and it was further confirmed using fluorescence microscopes. Positive isolate designated as PHB5 gave the highest PHB content of 44% (g PHB/g CDW) in shake flask experiment. The metabolic properties of the bacteria was characterized using BIOLOG program and this bacterium was identified belongs to the genus Comamonas sp. Based on the peaks detected from 1H-NMR analysis, it is clearly indicated that the polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHA) produced from the bacteria was poly-(hydrobutyrate-cohydroxyvalarate) (PHBV) when the bacterium was supplied with 10 g/L acids mixture (acetic 5 : propionic 3 : butyric 2) derived from palm oil mill effluent (POME) treatment.