Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The incidence of skin melanoma in the Russian Federation and federal districts

Over the past 40 years, the incidence of skin melanoma in the world has increased approximately 3-fold.To study the current epidemiological situation of skin melanoma in the Russian Federation, data on the absolute, coarse and standardized incidence rates of melanoma (S43) in the male and female populations were analyzed. The specific gravity of the melanoma patients detected actively was analyzed at different stages of the tumor process who died within the first year since the diagnosis was established between 2006–2016.The incidence of skin melanoma in the Russian population is characterized by a constant increase of indexes, the average annual rate of increase in the incidence of the Russian Federation’s population of melanoma is 2 times higher than that of the general oncological morbidity. A higher average annual rate and a general increase in the incidence of SM is recorded in the male population. Only every 4th patient in the RF is detected actively, despite the fact that melanoma is a tumor of visual localization. In general, only one third of patients with skin melanoma (32.8%) are diagnosed in the first stage of the tumor process in the Russian Federation. Over the period from 2006 to 2016 in Russia, the indicators of neglect on skin melanoma significantly decreased by 40.6%, however they remain at an unacceptably high level. The index of the first-year lethality from skin melanoma in Russia for the period from 2006 to 2016 decreased by 26.01%. To improve the index of active detection of patients with SM, especially in the early stages, it is necessary to create a system for interaction of primary contact physicians with the patient (dermatovenerologists, cosmetologists, therapists) with the oncological service, the formation of on-alertness among physicians of all specialties, and among the population.
Practices for Smart Cities: Lessons learnt from the UK & the Netherlands

Objective: To examine how information practices and behaviours change in relation to policing in a smart city context. Methods: Semi-structured interviews were carried out with policymaking participants working in policing and city councils in the United Kingdom and the Netherlands. Results: Using Cultural-Historical Activity Theory as the conceptual framework for analysing the data, it was found that collaboration and data sharing takes place between city councils and police forces, but not necessarily in light of smart city projects, but rather as part of an on-going commitment to reduce crime in cities. Challenges were identified concerning the state of the collected data, routinisation of data sharing, local solutions to local issues and privacy and ethics issues. Conclusion: In this paper it is argued that technology use and data sharing are impacted by challenges that go further than the technological aspect alone.
Trust in mobile guide design: Exploiting interaction paradigms

Trust is an important issue in the design of context-aware mobile guides. Here we draw on the field evaluations of two different mobile guides to explore trust related incidents. Important factors in trust relationships are user expectations and managing the user’s sense of vulnerability. However, uncertainty is currently unavoidable with mobile guide systems. Consequently, given the user’s expectations, evidence of the system providing incorrect information (e.g. caused by uncertainty in location due to limited network coverage) is likely to adversely affect the user’s trust in the system. We argue here that the interaction paradigm supported by the system can play a crucial role in managing the user’s trust. Furthermore, we argue that personified interaction paradigms (Local, Guide, Chaperone, Buddy, Captain) can act as a useful tool for designers developing mobile guides.
Genotype simulation supported by PhenotypeSimulator

1. Simple bi-allelic SNPs without structure: In the most simple case and assuming bi-allelic SNPs, each SNP is simulated from a binomial distribution with two trials and probability equal to the given allele frequencies. This simple approach does not simulate any dependency between the genotypes as is observed with LD structure in the genome. Simple bi-allelic SNPs can be simulated with PhenotypeSimulator::simulateGenotypes or via PLINK [1]. For large datasets (~ 1 million SNPs), simulation via PLINK is recommended.
Implementation of Service Strategies on One Kecamatan One Centre of Entrepreneurship (OK OCE) Program in Jatinegara Sub-district East Jakarta

The condition of the open unemployment rate in Jakarta, which amounted to 7.14% in 2017 is quite alarming. Apart from the fact that this figure is above the national average (5.5%). Responding to these demands, the OK OCE movement was then made in 2017. The program is implemented in all sub-districts in Jakarta, including Jatinegara sub-district. Therefore, this study was conducted to analyze the service strategy of the OK OCE program in Jatinegara Sub-District, East Jakarta. Rachmat theory [1] which consists of 4 service strategy implementations (program, budget, procedure, evaluation and control) is used in this study. While the method used is descriptive method with a qualitative approach. The results showed that the service strategy in the OK OCE program in Jatinegara Sub-district was not good enough due to several factors such as: The absence of a handling mechanism for people with low digital ability, not optimally utilizing large amounts of the budget, and not achieving the target of the OK movement registrants OCE or Integrated Entrepreneurship Development Program (PKT).
STUDY OF MATERNAL RISK FACTORS CONTRIBUTING IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF CONGENITAL HYPOTHYROIDISM

ABSTRACT Background: The study was conducted to assess maternal factors contributing in the development of congenital hypothyroidism (CH) in their neonates whom were diagnosed by public health insurance newborn screening program during study period from January to December 2017 in Sharkia governorate. Methods: The study had been conducted on selected sample of 50 mothers; they are selected according to their neonates' thyroid profile and divided into two groups: Group 1 (cases): selected 25 mothers having neonates diagnosed with CH. Group 2 (control): selected 25 healthy neonates and their mothers. All mothers in our study were subjected to full history assessment, physical exam and specific laboratory testing including (TSH, Free T4, Free T3, Anti TPO and Anti TG). On other hand, baseline characteristics and screening laboratory results of neonates diagnosed with CH were obtained from their registered profiles in public health insurance organization in Sharkia governorate. Results: Clinical parameters of mothers included revealed that mothers having previous history of thyroid disorders as well as maternal abortion rates were higher in case group compared to control group and this difference was statistically significant. Clinical and demographic results of neonates diagnosed with CH, showed that neonatal birth weight was lower in case group compared to control group and this difference was statistically significant. The presence of maternal thyroid dysfunction (mainly hypothyroidism) was higher in case group compared to control group and this difference was statistically significant. Maternal auto-thyroid antibodies (Anti TPO and Anti TG) were higher in case group compared to control group and this difference was statistically significant. Conclusions: Maternal risk factors in our study contributing in the development of CH were highly related to the presence of maternal thyroid disorders either controlled on treatment or not. As well as, thyroid laboratory dysfunction (mainly sub/hypothyroidism) in mothers induced mostly by autoimmune thyroid state confirmed by presence of higher levels of auto-thyroid antibodies (Anti TPO and Anti TG) which proved to be significant and these autoimmune antibodies in its turn increase the rates of maternal miscarriage, neonatal prematurity and low birth weight as reported in our study. Abbreviations: CH= congenital hypothyroidism, TSH= Thyroid Stimulating Hormone, Anti TPO= anti thyroid peroxidase antibodies, Anti TG= anti thyroglobulin antibodies. Key words: congenital hypothyroidism, maternal, autoimmune thyroid.
Mécanismes moléculaires et de signalisation induits par le stress oxydatif dans des modèles in vivo de la maladie de Parkinson chez la drosophile : intoxication au paraquat et expression de l'α-synucléine

La maladie de Parkinson (MP) est une maladie neurodegenerative qui se caracterise par la perte progressive des neurones dopaminergiques (DA) de la substance noire, une structure sous-corticale des ganglions de la base. Si la majorite des cas sont sporadiques, l'exposition a des facteurs environnementaux (composes organochlores, pesticides) ou des mutations associees a une quinzaine de genes (dardarine, -synucleine,.) sont connues pour etre a l'origine de formes de cette maladie. L'-synucleine est egalement le composant majoritaire des corps de Lewy, inclusions cytoplasmiques presentes dans les neurones DA des patients. Pendant mon doctorat, je me suis attachee a comprendre les mecanismes de neurotoxicite induits par le paraquat (PQ), un generateur de stress oxydatif implique dans la MP. Ces recherches ont mis en evidence une implication de la signalisation DA dans la toxicite du PQ dans le systeme nerveux central par l'activation aberrante d'un recepteur DA de type D1, implique dans la memoire chez la drosophile. L'inactivation de ce recepteur dans les neurones glutamatergiques protege significativement les drosophiles contre les effets deleteres du PQ. Je me suis egalement interessee aux mecanismes de neurotoxicite de l'-synucleine chez la drosophile et son rapport avec le stress oxydatif. Cette etude m'a mene au developpement d'une technique de mise en culture du systeme nerveux central entier de drosophile permettant l'etude des effets progressifs de l'-synucleine sur la dynamique vesiculaire dans les axones DA par des experiences de FRAP. Ces travaux contribuent a mieux comprendre les rapports entre dopamine et stress oxydatif dans la pathogenese de la MP
Diet-Induced Metabolic Dysregulation in Female Mice Causes Osteopenia in Adult Offspring

Abstract Bone mass and quality in humans are controlled by numerous genetic and environmental factors that are not fully understood. Increasing evidence has indicated that maternal metabolic dysregulation impairs multiple physiological processes in the adult offspring, but a similar effect on bone health is yet to be established. Here, we have analyzed the bones of first-generation offspring from murine dams that present metabolic syndrome due to a high-fat and high-sugar (HF/HS) diet. Micro-CT analyses show that the long bones of HF/HS offspring possess lower cortical bone mass and weaker mechanical strength than normal, even though the trabecular bone is not affected. Histomorphometry and serum biochemistry indicate that both bone formation and resorption are diminished in the HF/HS offspring. In vitro, both osteoblast and osteoclast progenitors from the HF/HS offspring are deficient in differentiation, likely due to impairment of mitochondrial respiration. The study, therefore, identifies maternal metabolic health as an important environmental factor influencing bone volume and strength.
Computational design of stents for tissue-engineered heart valve replacement

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Modulating Anxiety and Functional Capacity with Anodal tDCS Over the Left Dorsolateral Prefrontal Cortex in Primary Dysmenorrhea

Background Primary dysmenorrhea is a common and often debilitating condition affecting 40–90% of menstruating women. This condition reduces functionality, quality of life, and social activities. Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) has been used in many chronic pain syndromes, with evidence of improved pain, functionality, and mood in women with primary dysmenorrhea. The objective of this study was to determine whether tDCS could offer clinical benefits on pain, anxiety, affectivity, and functionality in women with primary dysmenorrhea. Methods This parallel, sham, randomized, double-blind trial was conducted with 26 women randomized into sham tDCS and active tDCS. Anodal tDCS was applied for 5 consecutive days over F3 corresponding to the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) and the cathode electrode over Fp2 for 20 min with an intensity of 2 mA. A numeric rating scale (NRS) was used to assess pain, anxiety, positive and negative affect, and submaximal aerobic performance during two consecutive menstrual cycles. Results No significant interaction was found between intervention and time on the NRS [F(2,44) = 1.358, p = 0.26], and a signiﬁcant main effect of time [F(2,44) = 4.446, p = 0.01] was found. The active group showed a significant reduction in anxiety (p = 0.03) with a mean difference of 5.12 (95% CI 0.79 to 11.05). No significant differences in positive and negative affect were found (p = 0.95 and p = 0.15, respectively). Submaximal aerobic performance was significantly greater in the active group [F(2,21) = 5.591, p = 0.02], with a mean difference of 70.87 (95% CI 8.53 to 133.21). Conclusion Anodal tDCS over the DLPFC seems to be an effective therapeutic approach for improving anxiety and functionality in women with primary dysmenorrhea.
Basal Insulin Initiation and Maintenance in Adults with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in the United States

Objective A survey of US adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus was conducted to better understand patients’ insulin initiation experiences and treatment persistence behaviors. Research Design and Methods Participants were recruited from consumer panels and grouped by basal insulin treatment pattern: continuers (no gap of ≥7 days within 6 months of initiation); interrupters (gap ≥7 days, resumed treatment); discontinuers (stopped for ≥7 days, not resumed). A quota of approximately 50 respondents per persistence category was set. Results A total of 154 respondents (52 continuers, 52 interrupters, 50 discontinuers) completed the survey. Mean age was 51.4 years; 51.9% male. Continuers were more likely to report their views being considered during initiation, and less likely to report a sense of failure. Concerns included insulin dependence (64.3% agree/strongly agree), frequent blood glucose monitoring (55.2%), costs/ability to pay (53.9%), fears of or mistakes during self-injection (52.6%), and weight gain (52.6%). Continuers were motivated by benefits of insulin therapy; experienced or potential side effects were notable factors for interruption/discontinuation. Healthcare provider instruction was indicated as a reason for continuing, stopping, and restarting therapy. Conclusion Benefits of basal insulin therapy motivated continuers while side effects impacted interruption/discontinuation. Persistence on basal insulin is often influenced by provider actions. Earlier provider intervention upon signs of treatment discontinuation may promote persistence.
Role of Fluorescent Pseudomonas in Reduction of the Use of Chemical Pesticides and Fungicides in Normal and Replant Sites of Apple and Pear

Phytopathogenic microbes including few fungi and bacteria have an immense effect on the agricultural productivity, greatly reducing crop yield and sometimes causing total crop loss. However, the fungicides being used have the negative effects on the environment and human health. In this context, biological control of plant diseases is gaining attention due to increased pollution concerns and is an alternative method to control pathogenic fungi. So, the current trends in agriculture are focused on reduction in the use of chemical pesticides and fungicides, compelling the search for alternatives that enhance environmental quality. Effective option is to employ the pathogen's natural enemies as biocontrol agents, which is less destructive and environmental friendly. PGPR are a group of bacteria that actively colonize plant roots and increase plant growth and yield. Among various biocontrol agents, Pseudomonas sp . , equipped with multiple mechanisms of biocontrol of phytopathogens is being used widely. Biological control of plant pathogens is through the production of antibiotics, lytic enzyme, siderophore and HCN production. In the present study, the Pseudomonas spp. were isolated from the rhizosphere of apple and pear and screened for their biocontrol properties such as antifungal activity, siderophore production and HCN production. Out of 30 isolates, 15 isolates showed antifungal activity against Fusarium sp. and Alternaria spp. Maximum isolates showed siderophore production. All isolates were found to be positive for ammonia and HCN production. Taken together, results suggest that Pseudomonas spp. is an efficient approach to replace agrochemicals and pesticides, thereby reducing their negative effects on the environment.
Change in Viability and Function of Pancreatic Islets after Coculture with Mesenchymal Stromal Cells: A Systemic Review and Meta-Analysis

Background There is no clear consensus on the effect of coculture of islets with mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) on islet function and viability. Methods We conducted a meta-analysis of relevant studies to evaluate the effect of coculture of islets with MSCs on the function and viability of islets, both in vitro and in vivo. We searched PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science databases for all relevant studies that compared the effect of coculture of islets with MSCs on the function and viability of islets (language of publication: English; reference period: January 2000–May 2019). Data pertaining to islet function and viability, concentrations of some cytokines, and in vivo experimental outcomes were extracted and compared. Results Twenty-four articles were included in the meta-analysis. In comparison to islets cultured alone, coculture of islets with MSCs was associated with a significantly higher islet viability [weighted mean difference (WMD), -15.59; -22.34 to -8.83; P < 0.00001], insulin level (WMD, -5.74; -9.29 to -2.19; P = 0.002), insulin secretion index (WMD, -2.45; -3.70 to -1.21; P = 0.0001), and higher concentrations of interleukin-6 (WMD, -1225.66; -2044.47 to -406.86; P = 0.003) and vascular endothelial growth factor (WMD, -1.19; -2.25 to -0.14; P = 0.03). Direct coculture of islets and MSCs significantly increased islet viability (WMD, -19.82; -26.56 to -13.07; P < 0.00001). In the in vivo experiments, coculture of islets with MSCs induced lower fasting blood glucose level (on postoperative days 21 and 28, WMD, 102.60; 27.14 to 178.05; P = 0.008 and WMD, 121.19; 49.56 to 192.82; P = 0.0009) and better glucose tolerance (blood glucose at 30 minutes after intraperitoneal injection of glucose, WMD, 85.92; 5.33 to 166.51; P = 0.04). Conclusion Coculture of islets with MSCs improves insulin secretory function of islets and enhances islet viability. Direct coculture of two cells significantly increased islet viability. MSC-based strategy may be beneficial for clinical islet transplantation for type 1 diabetes in the future.
The Persistence of Opioid Use Following Surgical Admission: An Australian Single-Site Retrospective Cohort Study

Background Acute pain is common following surgery, with opioids frequently employed in its management. Studies indicate that commencing an opioid during a hospital admission increases the likelihood of long-term use. This study aimed to identify the prevalence of opioid persistence amongst opioid-naïve patients following surgery as well as the indication for use. Methods A retrospective review of patients who underwent a surgical procedure at the Royal Hobart Hospital, Tasmania, Australia, between August and September 2016 was undertaken. Patients were linked to the Tasmanian real-time prescription monitoring database to ascertain if they were subsequently dispensed a Schedule 8 opioid (morphine, codeine oxycodone, buprenorphine, hydromorphone, fentanyl, methadone, or tapentadol) and the indication for use. Results Of the 3275 hospital admissions, 1015 opioid-naïve patients were eligible for inclusion. Schedule 8 opioids were dispensed at or within 2 days of discharge in 41.7% of admissions. Thirty-nine (3.9%) patients received prescribed opioids 2-months post-discharge; 1.8% of the patients were approved by State Health to be prescribed Schedule 8 opioids regularly for a chronic condition at 6 months, and 1.3% received infrequent or one-off prescriptions for Schedule 8 opioids at 6 months. Thirteen (1.3%) patients continued Schedule 8 opioids for at least 6 months following their surgery, with the indication for treatment either related to the surgery or the condition which surgery was sought for. Conclusion This study found that there was a low rate of Schedule 8 opioid persistence following surgery, indicating post-surgical pain is not a significant driver for persistent opioid use.
Knockdown of lncRNA PCAT6 Enhances Radiosensitivity in Triple-Negative Breast Cancer Cells by Regulating miR-185-5p/TPD52 Axis

Background Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) have been reported to play essential roles in regulating the radiosensitivity of cancers. Prostate cancer-associated transcript 6 (PCAT6) exerts oncogenic roles in several tumors. However, the roles of PCAT6 and its underlying mechanism in regulating the radiosensitivity of triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) have not been investigated. Methods The expression levels of PCAT6, microRNA-185-5p (miR-185-5p) and tumor protein D52 (TPD52) were determined by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). Cell viability, apoptosis and colony formation were assessed by Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8) assay, flow cytometry and colony formation assay, respectively. The interaction between miR-185-5p and PCAT6 or TPD52 was predicted by bioinformatics analysis and verified by dual-luciferase reporter assay. Western blot was carried out to detect the protein level of TPD52. Results PCAT6 and TPD52 were highly expressed and miR-185-5p was lowly expressed in TNBC tissues and cells, which was associated with an aggressive tumor phenotype in patients, affecting lymph node metastasis and clinical stage. PCAT6 or TPD52 knockdown or miR-185-5p overexpression enhanced the radiosensitivity of TNBC cells via inhibiting proliferation and inducing apoptosis. PCAT6 directly interacted with miR-185-5p and negatively regulated miR-185-5p expression. Moreover, TPD52 was confirmed as a target of miR-185-5p. Besides, PCAT6 regulated the radiosensitivity of TNBC cells through acting as a molecular sponge of miR-185-5p to modulate TPD52 expression. Conclusion Knockdown of PCAT6 promoted the radiosensitivity of TNBC cells through regulating miR-185-5p/TPD52 axis, providing a vital theoretical basis to improve the radiotherapy efficiency of TNBC.
Pap Smear Ransom – Is It Ethical to Refuse to Refill a Patient’s Birth Control Until They Come in for Their Annual Exam?

Abstract A review of the common but questionably ethical practice of refusing to refill a patient’s birth control prescription until they are seen in office for, and presumably pay for, a yearly examination. This forced decision between making time for the appointment or risking an unintended pregnancy is comically referred to as “Pap Smear Ransom. ” This short review examines the limited data to support or decry this common practice.