Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Étude et conception d'une couche physique UWB-IR pour les réseaux BAN

Les reseaux a l'origine metropolitains, ont connu une tendance a retrecir pour aujourd'hui se concentrer autour de l'etre humain. Avec des equipements de plus en plus miniatures et les utilisateurs desireux de disposer en permanence des services qui leur sont accessibles a domicile, le reseau est envisage plus petit, plus proche du corps. On assiste alors a l'emergence du reseau corporel, le Body Area Network (BAN), qui est constitue d'elements situes sur le corps, a l'interieur ou encore a une courte distance. Ce reseau a portee du corps genere de nouvelles problematiques, notamment celles de la puissance rayonnee par les equipements, leur taille, leur poids.Les applications et usages envisages pour un tel reseau sont varies et couvrent plusieurs domaines d'activites, en l'occurrence le secteur du medical, du sport, et le multimedia. Ce reseau doit donc reposer sur une couche physique qui s'adapte aux contraintes de ces diverses applications, tout en favorisant des equipements de faible taille, faible complexite et de forte autonomie. La technologie Ultra Large Bande impulsionnelle (UWB-IR) est porteuse de nombreuses promesses pour satisfaire en partie les besoins des reseaux BAN, car autorisant des debits aussi bien reduits qu'eleves, et les architectures d'emission et reception utilisables pour cette technologie rendent possibles des equipements a faible complexite et faible cout, et dont la consommation energetique est reduite.Ce travail de these a debute alors qu'un processus de normalisation sur les BAN etait en cours. L'objectif des travaux menes etait de pouvoir contribuer en partie a ce processus de normalisation par la proposition d'une couche physique basee sur la radio impulsionnelle UWB (UWB-IR). Ainsi notre etude a porte sur le parametrage de cette couche physique a partir de l'analyse des contraintes et requis techniques d'un reseau BAN. Les performances de cette couche physique ont ensuite ete evaluees dans un contexte de canal UWB BAN et suivant le type d'architecture en reception, en particulier pour le recepteur non-coherent. Enfin, une attention a ete apportee sur la robustesse de la liaison en presence d'interferences bande etroite. Dans l'ensemble, ce travail a permis d'etudier et d'evaluer la pertinence d'une couche physique UWB-IR dans le contexte du reseau BAN
Radiografía del costo del crédito en el Perú

El presente estudio analiza la evolucion de los componentes de las tasas de interes en el periodo 2010-2014, a fin de explicar la disparidad de las tasas de interes activas entre segmentos en el mercado de credito peruano y los niveles de esas tasas con relacion a las tasas de interes de los depositos. Se concluye que los costos operativos y el riesgo de credito son los principales factores que explican el nivel y la disparidad de las tasas. Asimismo, se encuentra que la competencia ha implicado que las entidades financieras sean operativamente mas eficientes en todos los segmentos. En los segmentos de pequenas y micro empresas como el de consumo la competencia es entre las entidades financieras, a diferencia del segmento de empresas mayoristas, en el cual la competencia proviene tambien del mercado de capitales. Finalmente el analisis indica que las tasas de interes de los creditos en soles son mayores que las de los creditos en dolares. Esta diferencia obedece a que los creditos en dolares estan concentrados en los deudores de menor riesgo de cada segmento.
Ambient Air Quality and Occurrence of Multiple Sclerosis Relapse

Infectious viruses and bacteria can trigger multiple sclerosis (MS) exacerbations. Seasonally changing concentrations of ambient air pollutants are known to predispose to transmissible infections, to induce systemic immune responses and to enhance existing peripheral inflammation. Ambient air quality and monthly MS relapse occurrence in south-western Finland were compared by multivariate logistic regression. The odds ratio of the risk of a relapse onset was over fourfold (4.143, p < 0.001) when the concentration of inhalable particulate matter (PM10) was at the highest quartile. Inhalable airborne particulate matter concentrations were connected to relapse occurrence. Poor air quality may enhance the seasonal changes in MS relapse occurrence by an increased susceptibility to transmissible infections.
Spectral–Spatial Classification of Hyperspectral Image Based on Deep Auto-Encoder

Deep learning, which represents data by a hierarchical network, has proven to be efficient in computer vision. To investigate the effect of deep features in hyperspectral image (HSI) classification, this paper focuses on how to extract and utilize deep features in HSI classification framework. First, in order to extract spectral-spatial information, an improved deep network, spatial updated deep auto-encoder (SDAE), is proposed. SDAE, which is an improved deep auto-encoder (DAE), considers sample similarity by adding a regularization term in the energy function, and updates features by integrating contextual information. Second, in order to deal with the small training set using deep features, a collaborative representation-based classification is applied. Moreover, in order to suppress salt-and-pepper noise and smooth the result, we compute the residual of collaborative representation of all samples as a residual matrix, which can be effectively used in a graph-cut-based spatial regularization. The proposed method inherits the advantages of deep learning and has solutions to add spatial information of HSI in the learning network. Using collaborative representation-based classification with deep features makes the proposed classifier extremely robust under a small training set. Extensive experiments demonstrate that the proposed method provides encouraging results compared with some related techniques.
Personalization of photo labels by using ontologies

3 PREFACE . 5 TABLE OF CONTENTS . 7 CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION . 9 1.1 IMAGE RETRIEVAL . 9 1.2 SEMANTIC WEB . 10 1.2.1 RDF . 11 1.2.2 OWL . 12 1.3 PERSONALIZATION OF PHOTO LABELS . 12 1.4 PROBLEM DESCRIPTION.13 1.5 OUTLINE OF THIS THESIS.14 CHAPTER 2: WEDDING CASE SCENARIO . 15 2.1 CASE DESCRIPTION.15 2.2 PHOTO RETRIEVAL . 15 2.3 EXAMPLE STUDY . 16 CHAPTER 3: CONCEPT TO PERSONALIZE PHOTO LABELS . 17 3.
His6-Tagged UL35 Protein of Duck Plague Virus: Expression, Purification, and Production of Polyclonal Antibody

Objective: Duck plague virus (DPV), the causative agent of duck plague (DP), is an alphaherpesvirus that causes an acute, febrile, contagious, and septic disease of waterfowl. UL35 protein (VP26) is a major capsid protein encoded by the UL35 gene, which is located in the unique long (UL) region of the DPV genome. To investigate the specific roles of VP26, the UL35 gene was amplified from the DPV DNA by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and subcloned into pET-32a(+). Methods: The resultant prokaryotic expression vector, pET-32a(+)/UL35, includes an amino-terminal His6 as a fusion partner. Escherichia coli BL21 (DE3) competent cells were transformed with the construct and protein expression was subsequently induced by the addition of isopropyl-β-D-thiogalactopyranoside to the culture medium. Protein lysates were submitted to SDS-PAGE to evaluate recombinant protein expression. Results: The band that corresponded to the predicted protein size (33 kDa) was observed on the SDS-PAGE gel. The recombinant His6-tagged VP26 fusion protein was expressed at a high level in an insoluble form (inclusion bodies) and constituted about 24% of the total cellular protein. Then, the fusion protein was purified to near homogeneity using single-step immobilized metal affinity chromatography on a nickel-nitrilotriacetic acid affinity resin, yielding about 620 mg per liter culture. After purification, New Zealand white rabbits were immunized with purified His6-tagged VP26 in order to raise polyclonal antibody against this recombinant protein. Using the resultant sera, Western blot analysis showed that the recombinant protein was recognized by the polyclonal antibody. Conclusion: Thus, the polyclonal antibody prepared here may serve as a valuable tool to study the functional involvement of VP26 in the DPV life cycle.
Modulation of nucleocytosolic [Ca2+] gradient in smooth muscle by protein phosphorylation

In resting DDT1MF‐2 smooth muscle cells, the cytosolic free Ca2+ concentration ([Ca2+]c) was higher than the free Ca2+ concentration in the nucleus ([Ca2+]n). However, this nucleocytosolic [Ca2+] gradient was reversed by Ca2+ agonists like ATP or, as is shown here, by the epidermal growth factor (EGF). The ATP‐induced reversal of the nucleocytosolic [Ca2+] gradient was blocked by stimulation of protein kinase C with phorbol 12‐myristate 13‐acetate or with the diacylglycerol kinase inhibitor R59949, or by inhibition of the Ser/Thr‐specific protein phosphatases‐1 and ‐2A with okadaic acid or calyculin A. Moreover, the magnitude of the ATP‐induced reversal of the [Ca2+] gradient diminished during prolonged culture of the cells. The EGF‐induced [Ca2+] rise in the cytosol and nucleus was blocked by okadaic acid and by the tyrosine kinase inhibitors herbimycin A and psi‐tectorigenin. Our data suggest that the nucleocytosolic [Ca2+] gradient is modulated by (de)phosphorylation processes catalyzed by tyrosine protein kinases, by protein kinase C, and by Ser/Thr protein phosphatases‐1 and ‐2A. — Himpens, B. , De Smedt, H. , Bollen, M. Modulation of nucleocytosolic [Ca2+] gradient in smooth muscle by protein phosphorylation, FASEB J. 8: 879‐883; 1994.
Imatinib for the Treatment of Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension and Pulmonary Capillary Hemangiomatosis

Despite currently available treatments, the prognoses of pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) and pulmonary capillary hemangiomatosis (PCH) remain poor. Platelet-derived growth factor and its receptor (PDGFR) have been implicated in the pathogenesis of pulmonary hypertension in PAH and PCH. Imatinib, a PDGFR antagonist, may be beneficial in the treatment of both conditions because of its potent antiproliferative effect. We report two cases that demonstrate the potential for safe and efficacious use of imatinib in PAH and PCH.
Factors predicting completion and time to publication of Cochrane reviews

Background Cochrane reviews are regarded as scientifically rigorous, yet a review’s time to publication can be affected by factors such as the statistical significance of the findings. When this happens, misrepresentation of the literature and subsequent inappropriate decisions may result. We aimed to examine the factors associated with the time to publication of Cochrane reviews. Methods Review protocols published in issue 2, 2000, of the Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews were included in this analysis if the corresponding review was published by issue 1, 2008. We used univariable and multivariate analyses to examine the time from publication of the protocol to publication of the first review and review-related factors predicting the time to publication. Results Of 118 eligible protocols published in issue 2, 2000, we identified 93 Cochrane reviews that had been published by January 2008. Of these, 36 (39%) were updates. The median time to publication was 1.63 years (range 0.15–7.31 years). A change in authors between publication of the protocol and publication of the final review was associated with longer time to publication (p = 0.002), whereas updated reviews were associated with shorter time to publication (p = 0.030). Interpretation In our study, 79% of the Cochrane protocols were published as a final review, and some Cochrane reviews took over 7 years from publication of the protocol to publication of the final review. Strategies to increase the number of published Cochrane reviews and decrease the time to publication should be considered, such as providing support to reviewers when a change in authorship occurs.
Population characteristics , brachial artery diameter , blood flow , and wall shear stress at baseline and during hyperemia in normocythemic and polycythemic patients

Laurent Boyer, Vicky Chaar, Gabriel Pelle, Bernard Maitre, Christos Chouaid, Ala Covali-Noroc, Françoise Zerah, Catherine Bucherer, Catherine Lacombe, Bruno Housset, Jean-Luc Dubois-Randé, Jorge Boczkowski, and Serge Adnot Hôpital Henri Mondor, Service de Physiologie Explorations Fonctionnelles, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Université Paris-Est Créteil Val de Marne, Créteil; INSERM, Unité U955, Créteil; Centre Hospitalier Intercommunal de Créteil, Service de Pneumologie et de Pathologie Professionnelle, Créteil; Hôpital Saint Antoine, Service de Pneumologie, Paris;; and Hôpital Henri Mondor, Service de Cardiologie, Créteil, France
Extensive Recombination-Induced Disruption of Genetic Interactions Is Highly Deleterious but Can Be Partially Reversed by Small Numbers of Secondary Recombination Events

ABSTRACT Although homologous recombination can potentially provide viruses with vastly more evolutionary options than are available through mutation alone, there are considerable limits on the adaptive potential of this important evolutionary process. Primary among these is the disruption of favorable coevolved genetic interactions that can occur following the transfer of foreign genetic material into a genome. Although the fitness costs of such disruptions can be severe, in some cases they can be rapidly recouped by either compensatory mutations or secondary recombination events. Here, we used a maize streak virus (MSV) experimental model to explore both the extremes of recombination-induced genetic disruption and the capacity of secondary recombination to adaptively reverse almost lethal recombination events. Starting with two naturally occurring parental viruses, we synthesized two of the most extreme conceivable MSV chimeras, each effectively carrying 182 recombination breakpoints and containing thorough reciprocal mixtures of parental polymorphisms. Although both chimeras were severely defective and apparently noninfectious, neither had individual movement-, encapsidation-, or replication-associated genome regions that were on their own “lethally recombinant. ” Surprisingly, mixed inoculations of the chimeras yielded symptomatic infections with viruses with secondary recombination events. These recombinants had only 2 to 6 breakpoints, had predominantly inherited the least defective of the chimeric parental genome fragments, and were obviously far more fit than their synthetic parents. It is clearly evident, therefore, that even when recombinationally disrupted virus genomes have extremely low fitness and there are no easily accessible routes to full recovery, small numbers of secondary recombination events can still yield tremendous fitness gains. IMPORTANCE Recombination between viruses can generate strains with enhanced pathological properties but also runs the risk of producing hybrid genomes with decreased fitness due to the disruption of favorable genetic interactions. Using two synthetic maize streak virus genome chimeras containing alternating genome segments derived from two natural viral strains, we examined both the fitness costs of extreme degrees of recombination (both chimeras had 182 recombination breakpoints) and the capacity of secondary recombination events to recoup these costs. After the severely defective chimeras were introduced together into a suitable host, viruses with between 1 and 3 secondary recombination events arose, which had greatly increased replication and infective capacities. This indicates that even in extreme cases where recombination-induced genetic disruptions are almost lethal, and 91 consecutive secondary recombination events would be required to reconstitute either one of the parental viruses, moderate degrees of fitness recovery can be achieved through relatively small numbers of secondary recombination events.
Covalent affinity labeling, radioautography, and immunocytochemistry localize the glucocorticoid receptor in rat testicular Leydig cells.

The presence and distribution of glucocorticoid receptors in the rat testis were examined by using 2 approaches: in vivo quantitative radioautography and immunocytochemistry. Radioautographic localization was made possible through the availability of a glucocorticoid receptor affinity label, dexamethasone 21-mesylate, which binds covalently to the glucocorticoid receptor, thereby preventing dissociation of the steroid-receptor complex. Adrenalectomized adult rats were injected with a tritiated (3H) form of this steroid into the testis and the tissue was processed for light-microscope radioautography. Silver grains were observed primarily over the Leydig cells of the interstitial space and to a lesser extent, over the cellular layers which make up the seminiferous epithelium, with no one cell type showing preferential labeling. To determine the specificity of the labeling, a 25- or 50-fold excess of unlabeled dexamethasone was injected simultaneously with the same dose of (3H)-dexamethasone 21-mesylate. In these control experiments, a marked reduction in label intensity was noted over the Leydig as well as tubular cells. Endocytic macrophages of the interstitium were non-specifically labeled, indicating uptake of the ligand possibly by fluid-phase endocytosis. A quantitative analysis of the label confirmed the presence of statistically significant numbers of specific binding sites for glucocorticoids in both Leydig cells and the cellular layers of the seminiferous epithelium; 86% of the label was found over Leydig cells, and only 14% over the cells of the seminiferous epithelium. These binding data were confirmed by light-microscope immunocytochemistry using a monoclonal antibody to the glucocorticoid receptor. (ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Bar Code Technology and Medication Administration Error

Medication administration error (MAE) remains a patient safety concern. Few studies have investigated the impact of bar-coded technology on medication error reduction during the medication administration process at the bedside in acute care settings. The purpose and focus of this systematic review is to determine whether implementation of the Bar Code Medication Administration System (BCMA) is associated with declines in MAE rate. Findings from this systematic review reveal varied findings between studies and among the 5 rights of medication administration (right drug, right time, right patient, right dose, and right route) in general. Although BCMA did not consistently decrease the overall incidence of MAE, the technology did identify categories of medication errors not previously detected with the traditional 5 rights approach. The opportunity to analyze the additional categories of MAE identified by BCMA has implications for patient safety and is perhaps the most significant contribution of this review.
Investigations on the brain weight of the baboon (Papio papio Desm.)

From 1937 to 1940 we had the unique opportunity of removing a great number of primate brains from individuals of the same species. This was possible thanks to the policy of the Paris Zoological Garden (Vincennes) and its director, A. Urbain, to present to the public a great number of individuals of the same species rather than just one or a few individuals of the greatest number of different species. The individuals of the species licre studied (Papio papio Desm.) were kept in that state of relative captivity which was adopted for the first time by Hagenbeck in Hamburg. The baboons, up to several hundreds at a time, lived on rocks, separated from the public by a relatively small free interspace and a stone wall over which some of them would jump occasionally to explore the surrounding area and even to mix with the public. At all events, their contact with the visitors must have facilitated the infection of the animals with tuberculosis which promptly spread over the colony. Of all mammals the primates were found to be most susceptible to tuberculosis, regardless of species. A number of severe epidemics of tuherculosis led to a considerable loss of animals. Out of 262
Annual and weekly patterns of ozone and particulate matter in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia

Air pollution has been an increasing concern within the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia and other Middle Eastern countries. In this work the authors present an analysis of daily ozone (O3), nitrogen oxide (NOx), and particulate matter (<10 μm aerodynamic diameter; PM10) concentrations for two years (2010 and 2011) at sites in and around the coastal city of Jeddah, as well as a remote background site for comparison. Monthly and weekly variations, along with their implications and consequences, were also examined. O3 within Jeddah was remarkably low, and exhibited the so-called weekend effect—elevated O3 levels on the weekends, despite reduced emissions of O3 precursors on those days. Weekend O3 increases averaged between 12% and 14% in the city, suggesting that NOx/volatile organic compound (VOC) ratios within cities such as Jeddah may be exceptionally high. Sites upwind or far removed from Jeddah did not display this weekend effect. Based on these results, emission control strategies in and around Jeddah must carefully address NOx/VOC ratios so as to reduce O3 at downwind locations without increasing it within urban locations themselves. PM10 concentrations within Jeddah were elevated compared with North American cites of similar climatology, though comparable to other large cities within the Middle East. Implications: Daily concentrations of O3, PM10, and NOx in and around the city of Jeddah, Saudi Arabia, are analyzed and compared with those of other reference cities. Extremely low O3 levels, along with a significant urban weekend effect (higher weekend O3, despite reduced NOx concentrations), is apparent, along with high levels of PM10 within the city. Urban O3 in Jeddah was found to be lower than that of other comparable cities, but the strong weekend effect suggests that care must be taken to reduce downwind O3 levels without increasing them within the city itself. Further research into the emissions and chemistry contributing to the reduced O3 levels within the city is warranted.