Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of a rapid test for the detection of antibodies to human immunodeficiency virus type 1 and 2 in the setting of multiple transmitted viral subtypes

Rapid HIV testing is an appealing strategy in the approach to HIV diagnosis in developing countries. Concern has been raised about the use of these tests in the setting of multiply transmitted HIV subtypes. We sought to compare the OraQuickTM HIV-1/2 Test, a qualitative immunochromatographic test for the detection of antibodies to HIV-1 and HIV-2 using stored sera, with a conventional enzyme immunoassay (EIA)/Western blot (WB) algorithm. The study design used was a blinded retrospective study. Samples were collected on patients attending sexually transmitted disease clinics and tuberculosis clinics in Kinshasa, the Democratic Republic of Congo and included 72 known HIV seropositive and 131 known HIV seronegative subjects. All 72 known HIV seropositive samples were positive by OraQuick and all 131 known HIV seronegative samples were negative by OraQuick resulting in 100% sensitivity and specificity. We conclude that the OraQuick rapid HIV-1/2 test performs well in the setting of diverse HIV viral subtypes.
Mating pheromones of the fission yeast Schizosaccharomyces pombe: purification and structural characterization of M‐factor and isolation and analysis of two genes encoding the pheromone.

Conjugation in the fission yeast Schizosaccharomyces pombe is controlled by the action of mating pheromones. Here I describe the isolation and characterization of M‐factor, the pheromone released by M‐type cells. M‐factor is a nanopeptide in which the carboxy‐terminal cysteine residue is carboxy‐methylated and S‐alkylated, probably with a farnesyl residue: Tyr‐Thr‐Pro‐Lys‐Val‐Pro‐Tyr‐Met‐Cys(S‐farnesyl)‐OCH3. Evidence for this structure was obtained by amino acid analysis, mass spectrometry and tandem mass spectrometry of the native M‐factor. Two genes encoding the M‐factor were also identified and characterized. It appears that M‐factor is synthesized as a larger precursor which is post‐translationally cleaved and modified to yield the active pheromone. The proposed modifications are consistent with mechanisms known to exist in other yeast and higher eukaryotes.
Analysis and performance evaluation of cosine neighbourhood recommender system

Growth of technology and innovation leads to large and complex data which is coined as Bigdata. As the quantity of information increases, it becomes more difficult to store and process data. The greater problem is finding right data from these enormous data. These data are processed to extract the required data and recommend high quality data to the user. Recommender system analyses user preference to recommend items to user. Problem arises when Bigdata is to be processed for Recommender system. Several technologies are available with which big data can be processed and analyzed. Hadoop is a framework which supports manipulation of large and varied data. In this paper, a novel approach Cosine Neighbourhood Similarity measure is proposed to calculate rating for items and to recommend items to user and the performance of the recommender system is evaluated under different evaluator which shows the proposed Similarity measure is more accurate and reliable.
The Full Knowledge of Big Data in the Integration of Inter-Organizational Information: An Approach Focused on Decision Making

Big Data is a radical shift or an incremental change for the existing digital infrastructures, that include the toolset used to aid the decision making process such as information systems, data repositories, formal modeling, and analysis of decisions. This work aims to provide a theoretical approach about the elements necessary to apply the big data concept in the decision making process. It identifying key components of the big data to define an integrated model of decision making using data mining, business intelligence, decision support systems, and organizational learning all working together to provide decision support with a reliable visualization of the decision-related opportunities. The concepts of data integration and semantic also was explored in order to demonstrate that, once mined, data must be integrated, ensuring conceptual connections and bequeathing meaning to use them appropriately for problem solving in decision.
The nitrogen assimilation control protein, NAC, is a DNA binding transcription activator in Klebsiella aerogenes

A 32-kDa polypeptide corresponding to NAC, the product of the Klebsiella aerogenes nac gene, was overexpressed from a plasmid carrying a tac'-'nac operon fusion and purified to near homogeneity by taking advantage of its unusual solubility properties. NAC was able to shift the electrophoretic migration of DNA fragments carrying the NAC-sensitive promoters hutUp, putPp1, and ureDp. The interaction between NAC and hutUp was localized to a 26-bp region centered approximately 64 bp upstream of the hutUp transcription initiation site. Moreover, NAC protected this region from DNase I digestion. Mobility shift and DNase I protection studies utilizing the putP and ureD promoter regions identified NAC-binding regions of sizes and locations similar to those found in hutUp. Comparison of the DNA sequences which were protected from DNase I digestion by NAC suggests a minimal NAC-binding consensus sequence: 5'-ATA-N9-TAT-3'. In vitro transcription assays demonstrated that NAC was capable of activating the transcription of hutUp by sigma 70-RNA polymerase holoenzyme when this promoter was presented as either a linear or supercoiled DNA molecule. Thus, NAC displays the in vitro DNA-binding and transcription activation properties which have been predicted for the product of the nac gene.
A fast compact CMOS feedforward automatic gain control circuit

This paper presents a fast settling compact feedforward automatic gain control (AGC) suitable for use in wireless communication systems such as WLAN or Bluetooth receivers where the use of traditional closed loop feedback amplifiers forms a boundary due to the stringent settling time constraints. The AGC has been implemented in a 0.35 mum standard CMOS technology. Supplied at 1.8 V, it operates with a power consumption of 1.6 mW at frequencies as high as 100 MHz, while its gain ranges from 0 to 18 dB. The settling time of the circuit is below 0.25 mus.
VGRAJENI SISTEMI DSP/FPGA V SISTEMIH VODENJA

Naloga predstavlja delo na sistemu digitalnega regulatorja, zgrajenega na digitalnem signalnem procesorju TMS320C32. Digitalni signalni procesor omogoca hitro racunanje tudi v formatu s plavajoco vejico, kar je posebej primerno pri razvoju novih algoritmov in pri delu s studenti. Signalnemu procesorju je dodano se programabilno logicno vezje -FPGA s 40 tisoc logicnimi vrati za izvedbo tudi nekonvencionalnih perifernih vmesnikov (meritev položaja in hitrosti z inkrementalnim dajalnikom, razlicni trifazni pulzno sirinski modulatorji, razlicne komunikacije (RS232, RS485, CAN) in socasne meritve napetosti in faznih tokov). DSP-2 kartica je opremljena s terminalskim programom za prenose uporabniskih programov in spremljanje izvajanja programa v tekstovni in gra.cni obliki, kot tudi sprotni prenos uporabniskih podatkov na osebni racunalnik za kasnejso obdelavo. Osnovni kartici je bil dodan se vmesnik za vodenje do stiriosnega robotskega mehanizma in vmesnik za dodatno FPGA kartico Nexys ali Nexys2. Ta nam pri kapaciteti FPGA vezja do 1,2 milijona logicnih vrat omogoca tudi izvedbo algoritmov vodenja v samem FPGA vezju in ne samo perifernih vmesnikov. V okviru Instituta je bila razvita tudi programska oprema za avtomatsko generiranje aplikacij iz MATLAB/Simulink okolja. Kartica se v vseh predstavljenih oblikah v veliki meri uporablja na nasem institutu in tudi nekaterih drugih pri pedagoskem in raziskovalnem delu. Eden izmed zadnjih projektov je tudi laboratorij za oddaljeno izvajanje preizkusov na razlicnih DSP-2 sistemih, ki je dostopen preko spletnih strani Instituta za Robotiko.
Studying Impact of Transistor Aging and Process Parameter Variation on the Performance of Analog Circuits

— NBTI and HCI emerged as a major reliability concern for deep-submicron CMOS technology. For 65nm technology, process parameter variation is also creating problems for reliable design. We report simulation study for NBTI mechanism for PMOS and HCI for NMOS. Comparator circuit is used to study the impact of NBTI on offset voltage. The process parameter variation is also studied. Offset voltage is modeled in terms of process parameters and effect and sensitivity for these process parameters has been studied.
Effects of Annealing Atmosphere on Magnetooptical Properties of Sputtered Bi-Substituted Garnet Films

Great expectations are being placed on Bi:YIG films, with their prominent magnetooptical properties, as materials for use in magnetooptical disks and optical isolators. As part of efforts aimed at practical application, numerous studies are being conducted to increase the Faraday rotation and reduce the absorption coefficient of such films. It has been reported that the optical properties of Bi:YIG films are affected by the atmosphere in which the films are annealed. However, these reports dealt with LPE-grown films, which contained numerous additives. In this work, the authors have investigated the effect of the annealing atmosphere on the magnetooptical properties of Bi:YIG films prepared by RF sputtering. Their results are reported.
Formål og mål i New Public Management – ressource, begrænsning, trivialitet eller byrde?

Ét vigtigt princip for New Public Management (NPM) er, at mål er en god måde at konkretisere udviklingsønsker på. Udgangspunktet er, at formål skal oversættes til et nuanceret målhierarki. Dette målhierarki antages at fylde formålet ud med mål. Dilemmaet er her, at mål sjældent er det samme som de formål, man ønsker at fremme, men er kvantificeringer defineret i forlængelse heraf. Det er en styringsform, som driver forandring ved at insistere på, at det er muligt, om end på det givne tidspunkt uklart, hvordan at skabe ikke blot forandring, men forbedring. Da forandring ikke er det samme som forbedring, er der et muligt gap mellem formål og mål. Men hvordan ser et sådant gap ud? Og hvordan ville en ledelsesmæssig indsats kunne hjælpe med at håndtere det? Dette todelte spørgsmål organiserer denne artikel.
Approximate message passing for sparse recovering of spatially and temporally correlated data

To meet the need of data-intensive continuous monitoring, recent research on energy-efficient data gathering in wireless sensor networks (WSNs) has explored the use of compressive sensing (CS) to exploit both spatial and temporal correlations in data. However, the performance of CS-based data gathering methods has been limited since most work only considers the structured sparsity of natural signals and ignores the amplitude correlations of the signals. In this paper, the structured sparsity and the amplitude correlations are considered jointly by assuming the spatially and temporally correlated data satisfies simultaneous low-rank and joint-sparse (L&S) structure. Using a structured L&S factorization, we then propose an iterative approximate message passing (AMP) algorithm for joint CS reconstruction of the data, where the low-rankness and sparsity pattern decoding phase is formulated as a variant of the principal component analysis (PCA) problem and employs the bilinear generalized approximate message passing algorithm (BiG-AMP) to perform denoising effectively. In addition, a rank selection strategy and an expectation-maximization (EM) estimation strategy that adaptively tune model parameters are described. Simulation results with synthetic and real data suggest that the proposed algorithm outperforms the state-of-the-art reconstruction algorithms with substantial reduction in complexity.
Early feeding of preterm infants and allergic symptoms during childhood

A follow‐up study of 69 premature infants showed that at a mean age of 11.4 years they had a cumulative incidence of allergic symptoms similar to that reported in unselected series. The 38 premature infants fed exclusively with human milk to the age of four months had more allergic symptoms than the 31 premature infants fed with adapted cow's milk formula from birth (mean number of symptoms 1.6 versus 0.6, p = 0.0025). The excess of symptoms was mostly cutaneous, and often associated with a specific food. In logistic regression models, the only variable with a statistically significant association (standardized odds ratio 3.15, 95% confidence interval 1.12–8.8, p = 0.03) with symptomatic allergy was the type of feed. The frequency of positive skin prick tests and the mean levels of serum IgE and antibodies to cow's milk were similar in the two groups. We infer that food allergy was more common in the group fed with human milk.
Prophylactic antibiotics for transcervical intrauterine procedures.

BACKGROUND The transcervical intrauterine route is commonly used for operative gynecological procedures in women. The vagina is an area of the body that is abundant with normal bacterial flora. An operative procedure through the vagina may, therefore, be considered to have added potential for resulting in post-procedure infection. Prophylactic antibiotics may play a role in the prevention of post-procedure transcervical intrauterine infections. OBJECTIVES To assess the effectiveness and safety of antibiotic prophylaxis compared to placebo or no treatment in women undergoing transcervical intrauterine procedures. SEARCH STRATEGY The search strategy was based on the Menstrual Disorders and Subfertility Group's search strategy. The following databases were searched:Menstrual Disorders and Subfertility Group Specialized Register;Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL) in The Cochrane Library 2006, Issue 4;MEDLINE (1966 to November 2006);EMBASE (1966 to November 2006);Biological Abstracts (1966 to October 2006);AMED (1966 to November 2006). Key words were prepared, in consultation with the Trials Search Coordinator, according to the terms related to our objective: antibiotic, antibiotics, prophylaxis, transvaginal, transcervical intrauterine, endometrial sample, endometrium sampling, endometrial biopsy, hysterosalpingography, hysteroscope, hysteroscopy, hysteroscopic surgery, endometrial ablation, and endometrial resection. SELECTION CRITERIA The review authors planned to include only truly randomized controlled trials that compared antibiotic prophylaxis with placebo or no treatment in order to prevent infectious complications after transcervical intrauterine procedures. Controlled clinical trials without randomization and pseudo-randomized trial were excluded. DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS No data collection or analysis was done because no trials were eligible for inclusion in the review. MAIN RESULTS The search did not identify any randomized controlled trials investigating the effect of antibiotic prophylaxis compared to placebo or no treatment in women undergoing transcervical intrauterine procedures. AUTHORS' CONCLUSIONS At this time, there are no published randomized controlled trials that assess prophylactic antibiotics effects on infectious complications following transcervical intrauterine procedures. It is, therefore, not possible to draw any conclusions regarding the use of prophylactic antibiotics for the prevention of post-procedure transcervical intrauterine infections.
Delineating the Structural Blueprint of the Pre-mRNA 3′-End Processing Machinery

ABSTRACT Processing of mRNA precursors (pre-mRNAs) by polyadenylation is an essential step in gene expression. Polyadenylation consists of two steps, cleavage and poly(A) synthesis, and requires multiple cis elements in the pre-mRNA and a megadalton protein complex bearing the two essential enzymatic activities. While genetic and biochemical studies remain the major approaches in characterizing these factors, structural biology has emerged during the past decade to help understand the molecular assembly and mechanistic details of the process. With structural information about more proteins and higher-order complexes becoming available, we are coming closer to obtaining a structural blueprint of the polyadenylation machinery that explains both how this complex functions and how it is regulated and connected to other cellular processes.
TeleSpiro: A low-cost mobile spirometer for resource-limited settings

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), a disabling combination of emphysema and chronic bronchitis, relies on spirometric lung function measurements for clinical diagnosis and treatment. Because spirometers are unavailable in most of the developing world, this project developed a low cost point of care spirometer prototype for the mobile phone called the “TeleSpiro. ” The key contributions of this work are the design of a novel repeat-use, sterilisable, low cost, phone-powered prototype meeting developing world user requirements. A differential pressure sensor, dual humidity/pressure sensor, microcontroller and USB hardware were mounted on a printed circuit board for measurement of air flow in a custom machine-lathed respiratory air flow tube. The embedded circuit electronics were programmed to transmit data to and receive power directly from either a computer or Android smartphone without the use of batteries. Software was written to filter and extract respiratory cycles from the digitised data. Differential pressure signals from Telespiro showed robust, reproducible responses to the delivery of physiologic lung volumes. The designed device satisfied the stringent design criteria of resource-limited settings and makes substantial inroads in providing evidence-based chronic respiratory disease management.
Automatic Feedback Generation - Using Ontology in an Intelligent Tutoring System for Both Learner and Author Based on Student Model

Presenting feedback to learner is one of the essential elements needed for effective learning. Feedback can be given to learners during learning but also to authors during course development. But producing valuable feedback is often time consuming and makes delays. So with this reason and the others like incomplete and inaccurate feedback generating by human, we think that it’s important to generate feedback automatically for both learner and author in an intelligent tutoring system (ITS). In this research we used ontology to create a rich supply of feedback. We designed all components of the ITS like course materials and learner model based on ontology to share common understanding of the structure of information among other software agents and make it easier to analyze the domain knowledge. With ontologies in fact, we specify the knowledge to be learned and how the knowledge should be learned. In this paper we also show a mechanism to make reason from the resources and learner model that it made feedbacks based on learner.
Daha İnandırıcı Oyun Karakterleri İçin Bayes ve Q-Learning Tabanlı Yaklaşım

Oyun programlamada ulasilmak istenen hedeflerden biri de gercek hayatta yer alan kavramlari ve karakterleri oyunlara uyarlamaktir. Bu yaklasim, daha ilgi cekici hareketler sergileyen oyun karakterleri sunmak icin benimsenmektedir. En yuksek odul mantigini ele alan yontemler oyun karakterinin ayni oruntuleri sergilemesine ve tekrara dusmesine sebep olur. Ayni zamanda bu durum oyunun oynanabilirligini azaltir. Bu tur tekrarlayici kaliplari onlemek icin, Naive Bayes ile Q-ogrenme yaklasimina dayali bir davranis algoritmasi gelistirilmistir. Gelistirilen algoritmanin gecerliligi kullanici testleri ile karsilastirmali olarak ortaya konulmustur. Bu testler sonucunda, algoritmanin ogrenmede kullandigi oyun verisi miktari arttikca davranis ogrenme algoritmasinin daha iyi bir performans gosterdigi ve oyun karakterinin daha ilgi cekici hale geldigi gorulmustur.
Addition of adenosine monophosphate‐activated protein kinase activators to University of Wisconsin solution: A way of protecting rat steatotic livers

This study investigates how the addition of trimetazidine (TMZ) and aminoimidazole‐4‐carboxamide ribonucleoside (AICAR) to University of Wisconsin (UW) solution protects steatotic livers. Steatotic and nonsteatotic livers were preserved for 24 hours at 4°C in UW and UW with TMZ and AICAR (separately or in combination) and then perfused ex vivo for 2 hours at 37°C. Adenosine monophosphate‐activated protein kinase (AMPK) or nitric oxide (NO) synthesis inhibition in livers preserved in UW with TMZ was also investigated. Hepatic injury and function (transaminases, bile production, and sulfobromophthalein clearance) and factors potentially involved in the susceptibility of steatotic livers to ischemia‐reperfusion (I/R), including vascular resistance, mitochondrial damage, adenosine triphosphate depletion, and oxidative stress were evaluated. AMPK, NO synthase (NOS), nitrate, and nitrite levels were also determined. The addition of TMZ and AICAR (separately or in combination) to UW reduced hepatic injury, improved functionality, and protected against the mechanisms responsible for the vulnerability of steatotic livers to I/R. Like AICAR, TMZ increased AMPK, constitutive NOS, and nitrates and nitrites, and conversely, AMPK or NO synthesis inhibition abolished the benefits of TMZ. In conclusion, TMZ, by means of AMPK, increased NO, thus protecting steatotic livers against their vulnerability to I/R injury. TMZ and AICAR may constitute new additives to UW solution in steatotic liver preservation, whereas a combination of both seems unnecessary. Liver Transpl 13:410–425, 2007. © 2007 AASLD.
The relevance of guidelines for treatment mania in old age

Three sets of guidelines for the treatment of patients with bipolar disorder were reviewed, in order to assess their adequacy in relation to treatment of older persons with mania. One of the three referred to differences encountered when treating elderly people, but none gave adequate attention to age‐related changes in pharmacokinetics and whether it is appropriate to prescribe lithium as a first‐line mood stabiliser for older persons. The guidelines do not give clear guidance on initial management of acutely manic patients who refuse medication. Nor do they give consideration to secondary mania. It is recommended that evidence be gathered in order to develop guidelines specifically for management of mental disorders presenting in old age. Copyright © 2000 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Estimation of income inequality and the poverty rate in Poland, by region and family type

High income inequality can be a source of serious socio-economic problems, such as increasing poverty, social stratification and polarization. Periods of pronounced economic growth or recession may impact different groups of earners differently. Growth may not be shared equally and economic crises may further widen gaps between the wealthiest and poorest sectors. Poverty affects all ages but children are disproportionately affected by it. The reliable inequality and poverty analysis of both total population of households and subpopulations by various family types can be a helpful piece of information for economists and social policy makers. The main objective of the paper was to present some income inequality and poverty estimates with the application to the Polish data coming from the Household Budget Survey. Besides direct estimation methods, the model based approach was taken into regard. Standard errors of estimates were also considered in the paper.