Penemuan Vibrio harveyi pada Litopenaeus vannamei Terinfeksi White Feces Disease di Situbondo Jawa Timur The Discovery of Vibrio harveyi on Litopenaeus vannamei Infected White Feces

Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui keberadaan Vibrio harveyi pada udang vanname yang terinfeksi WFD (White Feces Disease) di Situbondo, Provinsi Jawa Timur. Penelitian ini dilakukan bulan November 2017 hingga September 2018. Bakteri Vibrio diisolasi dari udang yang menunjukkan gejala klinis terkena penyakit WFD kemudian diisolasi pada media TCBS. Isolat tunggal bakteri selanjutnya dimurnikan di media TSA. Semua isolat Vibrio selanjutnya diidentifikasi dengan tes biokimia, Analytical Profile Index / API 20NE (BioMeriuex), dan PCR dengan primer spesifik untuk V. harveyi. Parameter tambahan yang digunakan adalah kualitas air, kelimpahan plankton air tambak, dan uji resistensi antibiotik. Hasil penelitian ini ditemukan adanya V. harveyi pada semua sampel baik dari udang terinfeksi WFD dan di lingkungan (hepatopankreas, usus, feses dan air tambak). Total isolat yang diidentifikasi adalah sebanyak tujuh belas isolat yaitu sepuluh isolat V. harveyi (58,82%), tiga isolat V. alginolyticus (17,65%), satu isolat V. fluvialis (5,88%), satu isolat V. parahaemolyticus (5,88%), dan dua isolat bukan Vibrio yang diidentifikasi sebagai Shewanella putrefaciens (11,76%). Kesimpulan penelitian ini adalah ditemukan V. harveyi pada udang vanname yang terkena WFD dengan kualitas air yang buruk dan dominasi kelimpahan plankton tertentu dalam suatu tambak. Kata Kunci: API 20NE; Litopenaeus vannamei; PCR, uji biokimia; Vibrio harveyi; WFD Abstract This research was conducted to discover Vibrio harveyi infected vannamei shrimp with White Feces Disease (WFD) in Situbondo, East Java Province. This research was conducted in November 2017 until September 2018. All Vibrio isolates from shrimp infected WFD were identified with biochemical tests, Analytical Profile Index/ API 20NE (BioMeriuex), and PCR with specific primers for V. harveyi. Additional parameters were the water quality, plankton brackishwater pond abundance, and antibiotic resistance test. Result showed that from 17 bacterial isolates identified, 10 isolates were V. harveyi (58.82%), three isolates were V. alginolyticus (17.65%), one V. fluvialis isolate (5.88%), one V. parahaemolyticus isolate (5.88%), and two non Vibrio isolates which were identified as Shewanella putrefaciens (11.76%). All isolates of V. harveyi also showed resistance activity on more than one antibiotic. Poor water quality had been identified as abnormal result of pH, alkalinity, salinity, ammonia levels and total organic matter level. Plankton abundance observation showed that Chloropyceae, Diatom, and Dinoflagellata dominated all sampled brackishwater ponds. This research concluded that V. harveyi were discovered on vannamei shrimp with poor water quality and plankton abundance in the pond samples.This research was conducted to discover Vibrio harveyi infected vannamei shrimp with White Feces Disease (WFD) in Situbondo, East Java Province. This research was conducted in November 2017 until September 2018. All Vibrio isolates from shrimp infected WFD were identified with biochemical tests, Analytical Profile Index/ API 20NE (BioMeriuex), and PCR with specific primers for V. harveyi. Additional parameters were the water quality, plankton brackishwater pond abundance, and antibiotic resistance test. Result showed that from 17 bacterial isolates identified, 10 isolates were V. harveyi (58.82%), three isolates were V. alginolyticus (17.65%), one V. fluvialis isolate (5.88%), one V. parahaemolyticus isolate (5.88%), and two non Vibrio isolates which were identified as Shewanella putrefaciens (11.76%). All isolates of V. harveyi also showed resistance activity on more than one antibiotic. Poor water quality had been identified as abnormal result of pH, alkalinity, salinity, ammonia levels and total organic matter level. Plankton abundance observation showed that Chloropyceae, Diatom, and Dinoflagellata dominated all sampled brackishwater ponds. This research concluded that V. harveyi were discovered on vannamei shrimp with poor water quality and plankton abundance in the pond samples.