Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Bayesian Interaction Primitives: A SLAM Approach to Human-Robot Interaction

This paper introduces a fully Bayesian reformulation of Interaction Primitives for human-robot interaction and collaboration. A key insight is that a subset of human-robot interaction is conceptually related to simultaneous localization and mapping techniques. Leveraging this insight we can significantly increase the accuracy of temporal estimation and inferred trajectories while simultaneously reducing the associated computational complexity. We show that this enables more complex human-robot interaction scenarios involving more degrees of freedom.
Contribution of novel choline‐binding proteins to adherence, colonization and immunogenicity of Streptococcus pneumoniae

The surface of Streptococcus pneumoniae is decorated with a family of choline‐binding proteins (CBPs) that are non‐covalently bound to the phosphorylcholine of the teichoic acid. Two examples (PspA, a protective antigen, and LytA, the major autolysin) have been well characterized. We identified additional CPBs and characterized a new CBP, CbpA, as an adhesin and a determinant of virulence. Using choline immobilized on a solid matrix, a mixture of proteins from a pspA‐deficient strain of pneumococcus was eluted in a choline‐dependent fashion. Antisera to these proteins passively protected mice challenged in the peritoneum with a lethal dose of pneumococci. The predominant component of this mixture, CbpA, is a 75‐kDa surface‐exposed protein that reacts with human convalescent antisera. The deduced sequence from the corresponding gene showed a chimeric architecture with a unique N‐terminal region and a C‐terminal domain consisting of 10 repeated choline‐binding domains nearly identical to PspA. A cbpA‐deficient mutant showed a >50% reduction in adherence to cytokine‐activated human cells and failed to bind to immobilized sialic acid or lacto‐N‐neotetraose, known pneumococcal ligands on eukaryotic cells. Carriage of this mutant in an animal model of nasopharyngeal colonization was reduced 100‐fold. There was no difference between the parent strain and this mutant in an intraperitoneal model of sepsis. These data for CbpA extend the important functions of the CBP family to bacterial adherence and identify a pneumococcal vaccine candidate.
An LCL-LC power filter for grid-tied inverter

This paper presents a new topology of higher order power filter for grid-tied voltage-source inverters, named the LCL-LC filter, which inserts an extra capacitor connected in parallel to the Lf-Cf series resonant circuit of LLCL filter Particularly, it can strongly attenuate the harmonic currents around the switching frequency, and the attenuation rate become -60dB at high frequency which leading to a decrease in the total inductance and volume of the filter. The parameters design criteria of the proposed LCL-LC filter is also introduced. The comparative analysis and discussions regarding the traditional LCL filter, LLCL filter and the proposed LCL-LC filter have been presented and evaluated through simulation on a 5-kW-single-phase grid-tied inverter prototype.
Correlation of estrogen and progesterone receptors with histologic differentiation in mammary carcinoma

Using a modification of the histologic grading system of the NSABP, we observed a trend towards higher levels of estrogen (E2R) and progesterone receptor (PR) content in well (grade I) and moderately (grade II) differentiated mammary carcinomas. This relationship between receptor content and histologic grade is enhanced by considering estrogen and progesterone receptor simultaneously. The rank correlation between the quantitative levels of E2R and PR was 0.74 among histologic grade I tumors and 0.64 among histologic grade II tumors. Among the grade III carcinomas, the majority of tumors displayed either a paucity of measurable receptor or a divergence between levels of estrogen versus progesterone receptor (r = 0.19). The use of ultrastructural evaluation of features of differentiation is discussed in the evaluation of grade III tumors and in the evaluation of specific histologic types of mammary carcinoma.
Power Limits of High-Speed Permanent-Magnet Electrical Machines for Compressor Applications

The maximum-power limits for high-speed permanent-magnet (PM) electrical machines for air compressor applications are determined in the speed range 20000-100000 r/min. For this purpose, five PM machines are designed and the electromagnetic, thermal, and mechanical designs of each machine are simultaneously performed. The critical values of the thermal and mechanical constraints are considered in order to obtain the maximum powers of the electrical machines. The electromagnetic losses generated in the machine are the output parameters of the electromagnetic design and input parameters for the thermal design. The thermal design is performed using a multiphysics method, which couples computational-fluid-dynamics equations with heat-transfer equations. The mechanical design considers the retention of the rotor elements against the huge centrifugal forces that arise during the high-speed operation and also the rotor dynamics properties of the rotor. The reliability of these design techniques is experimentally validated in the paper. The obtained maximum-power limit defines the speed-power region, in which the high-speed PM electrical machines intended for compressor applications can have a safe operation.
CAMTA 1 is a novel tumour suppressor regulated by miR-9 / 9 * in glioblastoma stem cells

Daniel Schraivogel, Lasse Weinmann, Dagmar Beier, Ghazaleh Tabatabai, Alexander Eichner, Jia Yun Zhu, Martina Anton, Michael Sixt, Michael Weller, Christoph P Beier and Gunter Meister* Biochemistry Center Regensburg (BZR), University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany, Laboratory of RNA Biology, Max-PlanckInstitute of Biochemistry, Martinsried, Germany, Department of Neurology, RWTH Aachen, Aachen, Germany, Department of Neurology, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany, Department of Neurology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland, IST Austria (Institute of Science and Technology Austria), Klosterneuburg, Austria and TU Munich, Institute of Experimental Oncology and Therapy Research, Munich, Germany
Hypoxia and Fungal Pathogenesis: To Air or Not To Air?

ABSTRACT Over the last 3 decades, the frequency of life-threatening human fungal infections has increased as advances in medical therapies, solid-organ and hematopoietic stem cell transplantations, an increasing geriatric population, and HIV infections have resulted in significant rises in susceptible patient populations. Although significant advances have been made in understanding how fungi cause disease, the dynamic microenvironments encountered by fungi during infection and the mechanisms by which they adapt to these microenvironments are not fully understood. As inhibiting and preventing in vivo fungal growth are main goals of antifungal therapies, understanding in vivo fungal metabolism in these host microenvironments is critical for the improvement of existing therapies or the design of new approaches. In this minireview, we focus on the emerging appreciation that pathogenic fungi like Candida albicans, Cryptococcus neoformans, and Aspergillus fumigatus are exposed to oxygen-limited or hypoxic microenvironments during fungal pathogenesis. The implications of these in vivo hypoxic microenvironments for fungal metabolism and pathogenesis are discussed with an aim toward understanding the potential impact of hypoxia on invasive fungal infection outcomes.
The effects of barium, dofetilide and 4-aminopyridine (4-AP) on ventricular repolarization in normal and hypertrophied rabbit heart.

The density of potassium channels, including the inward rectifying current (IK1), the delayed rectifying current and the transient outward current have been reported to be decreased in cardiac hypertrophy. However, it is not known whether the effects of specific ionic channel blockers are altered in this setting. The effects of barium chloride, which inhibits IK1, of dofetilide, which inhibits the rapidly activating component of the delayed rectifying current, and 4-aminopyridine, which inhibits the transient outward current, were studied in isolated perfused working rabbit hearts. Cardiac hypertrophy was induced in rabbits by aortic banding. Hearts were removed 43 +/- 8 days after surgery, and electrophysiologic parameters were measured at low (30 cm H2O) and high (100 cm H2O) afterload at base line and during perfusion of barium, dofetilide or 4-aminopyridine. The hearts from banded rabbits weighed more (13.0 +/- 2.3 g) than those from the sham controls (10.0 +/- 1.6 g; P < .001). The action potential duration at 90% repolarization (APD90) was greater in hypertrophied hearts (198 +/- 16 msec) at base line than in control hearts (182 +/- 20 msec; P < .01). Barium (0.025 mM) caused greater prolongation of APD90 in hypertrophied hearts than in control hearts at both low afterload (214 +/- 9 msec vs. 195 +/- 20 msec) and high afterload (200 +/- 10 msec vs. 166 +/- 22 msec, P < .01). This interaction of barium's effects on APD90 and hypertrophy was highly statistically significant (P < .001). In contrast, dofetilide (15 nM) and 4-aminopyridine (1.0 mM) caused similar changes in APD90 in hypertrophied hearts and in control hearts at low afterload and high afterload (P = NS). In isolated ventricular myocytes, IK1 and transient outward densities, but not the rapidly activating component of the delayed rectifying current were decreased in hypertrophied cells compared with control cells (P < .05). Thus the increased effects of barium on prolongation of APD in hypertrophy are probably due to the decreased density of IK1 in hypertrophy and perhaps, in part, to a change in the balance of repolarizing currents that occurs in hypertrophy.
Brain monoglyceride lipase participating in endocannabinoid inactivation

The endogenous cannabinoids (endocannabinoids) are lipid molecules that may mediate retrograde signaling at central synapses and other forms of short-range neuronal communication. The monoglyceride 2-arachidonoylglycerol (2-AG) meets several criteria of an endocannabinoid substance: (i) it activates cannabinoid receptors; (ii) it is produced by neurons in an activity-dependent manner; and (iii) it is rapidly eliminated. 2-AG inactivation is only partially understood, but it may occur by transport into cells and enzymatic hydrolysis. Here we tested the hypothesis that monoglyceride lipase (MGL), a serine hydrolase that converts monoglycerides to fatty acid and glycerol, participates in 2-AG inactivation. We cloned MGL by homology from a rat brain cDNA library. Its cDNA sequence encoded for a 303-aa protein with a calculated molecular weight of 33,367 daltons. Northern blot and in situ hybridization analyses revealed that MGL mRNA is heterogeneously expressed in the rat brain, with highest levels in regions where CB1 cannabinoid receptors are also present (hippocampus, cortex, anterior thalamus, and cerebellum). Immunohistochemical studies in the hippocampus showed that MGL distribution has striking laminar specificity, suggesting a presynaptic localization of the enzyme. Adenovirus-mediated transfer of MGL cDNA into rat cortical neurons increased MGL expression and attenuated N-methyl-D-aspartate/carbachol-induced 2-AG accumulation in these cells. No such effect was observed on the accumulation of anandamide, another endocannabinoid lipid. The results suggest that hydrolysis by means of MGL is a primary mechanism for 2-AG inactivation in intact neurons.
Current source inverter with reduced leakage current for transformer-less Grid -PV interface

A single-phase, single-stage current source inverter (CSI) suitable for transformer-less grid-PV interface is proposed in this paper. A split capacitor arrangement and a common mode choke are used to modify the conventional CSI structure, to reduce the leakage current. Higher reliability and voltage boosting capability of the CSI are the main advantages compared to the voltage source inverter (VSI). A cost effective and computationally less intensive control method based on the sinusoidal pulse width modulation (SPWM) technique is suggested to improve the quality of the grid current. Design and analysis of the proposed CSI structure and the modified control technique is discussed in detail. Reduced leakage current and high quality injected grid current, with a relatively low value of inductor is obtained with the suggested modification. Simulation results validate the effectiveness of the proposed CSI with the proposed modification in the SPWM technique.
Identification and Characterization of Bacterial Cysteine Dioxygenases: a New Route of Cysteine Degradation for Eubacteria

ABSTRACT In metazoa and fungi, the catabolic dissimilation of cysteine begins with its sulfoxidation to cysteine sulfinic acid by the enzyme cysteine dioxygenase (CDO). In these organisms, CDO plays an important role in the homeostatic regulation of steady-state cysteine levels and provides important oxidized metabolites of cysteine such as sulfate and taurine. To date, there has been no experimental evidence for the presence of CDO in prokaryotes. Using PSI-BLAST searches and crystallographic information about the active-site geometry of mammalian CDOs, we identified a total of four proteins from Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus cereus, and Streptomyces coelicolor A3(2) that shared low overall identity to CDO (13 to 21%) but nevertheless conserved important active-site residues. These four proteins were heterologously expressed and purified to homogeneity by a single-step immobilized metal affinity chromatography procedure. The ability of these proteins to oxidize cysteine to cysteine sulfinic acid was then compared against recombinant rat CDO. The kinetic data strongly indicate that these proteins are indeed bona fide CDOs. Phylogenetic analyses of putative bacterial CDO homologs also indicate that CDO is distributed among species within the phyla of Actinobacteria, Firmicutes, and Proteobacteria. Collectively, these data suggest that a large subset of eubacteria is capable of cysteine sulfoxidation. Suggestions are made for how this novel pathway of cysteine metabolism may play a role in the life cycle of the eubacteria that have it.
Management Information Base for network management of TCP/IP-based internets

This memo defines the second version of the Management Information Base (MIB-II) for use with network management protocols in TCP/IP- based internets. In particular, together with its companion memos which describe the structure of management information (RFC 1155) along with the network management protocol (RFC 1157) for TCP/IP- based internets, these documents provide a simple, workable architecture and system for managing TCP/IP-based internets and in particular the Internet community.
Development of eGovernment services in the Autonomous Province of Vojvodina

This paper gives an overview of electronic services that are successfully developed and implemented at the provincial level in Vojvodina (Republic of Serbia). Serbia is an example of a transition economy. The main goal of electronic services development at the provincial level was to achieve improvement of efficiency, effectiveness and transparency of the work of provincial officials. Careful defining of feasible goals, management of adopted implementation plans and strict audit have enabled an accelerated development of eGovernment, even with limited resources. Integration between separately developed software systems was provided by mandatory procurement requirement for interoperability and emphasis on the use of open standards. The problems of putting the systems into use were reduced by providing training, solid benchmark of computer skills and internationally recognized qualification to all public employees. This paper may help decision-makers to plan eGovernment development at the regional or local level in transition countries.
Antibody fragments: Prolonging circulation half-life special issue-antibody research

Antibodies are currently the fastest growing class of therapeutic proteins. When antibody fragments are included, there are over thirty-five antibody-based medicines approved for human therapy. Many more antibody and antibody-like fragments are being evaluated clinically. Production of antibody fragments can be efficient and their compact size can allows for better tissue extravasation into solid tumors than full antibodies. Unfortunately, a key limitation of antibody fragments for systemic use is their short half-life in circulation. Prolonging their circulation half-life can be accomplished clinically by the covalent conjugation of the antibody fragment to the water-soluble polymer, poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG). Many polymers and strategies are also being pursued to increase antibody fragment half-life.
Pattern-supported architecture recovery

Architectural patterns and styles represent important design decisions and thus are valuable abstractions for architecture recovery. Recognizing them is a challenge because styles and patterns basically span several architectural elements and can be implemented in various ways depending on the problem domain and the implementation variants. Our approach uses source code structures as patterns and introduces an iterative and interactive architecture recovery approach built upon such lower-level patterns extracted from source code. Associations between extracted pattern instances and architectural elements such as modules arise which result in new and higher-level views of the software system. These pattern views provide information for a consecutive refinement of pattern definitions to aggregate and abstract higher-level patterns which finally enable the description of a software system's architecture.
Corticospinal Responses to Motor Training Revealed by Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation

CARROLL, T.J., S. RIEK, and R.G. CARSON. Corticospinal responses to motor training revealed by transcranial magnetic stimulation. Exerc. Sports Sci. Rev., Vol. 29, No. 2, pp. 54-59, 2001. Transcranial magnetic stimulation was recently used to investigate the nature of adaptations that occur in the central nervous system in response to motor training. In this report, we provide a brief description of transcranial magnetic stimulation and discuss its potential as a tool for identifying corticospinal responses to exercise.
The CFTR gene and regulation of its expression

The cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator gene (CFTR) shows clear temporal and developmental regulation of its expression. However, there are few well‐defined regulatory elements that control this pattern of expression, and their mechanism of action is poorly understood. We review the structure and organization of the CFTR gene and what is known about its regulation. The CFTR gene promoter is clearly important for maintaining levels of CFTR gene expression, but apparently it does not contain any tissue‐specific elements. Thus tissue‐specificity is probably controlled by sequences lying elsewhere in this large gene. We discuss data from our group and others implicating additional regions of CFTR in regulatory functions, and evaluate candidate transcription factors that may be involved. Further, we summarize aspects of the regulation of the developmental expression of CFTR. Definition of CFTR gene regulatory elements could be of considerable therapeutic significance, since only a small increase in CFTR expression in the correct cell type could alleviate the disease phenotype. Pediatr Pulmonol © 2005 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Reducing risk in obstetrics.

Maternity care in Britain is changing. In 1994 the government accepted an expert report called Changing Childbirth,' which recommended giving women more choice in their care. In future more care will probably be provided by midwives without direct medical supervision. Some midwives foresee an increase in home deliveries; others want to encourage a return to small maternity units run by general practitioners; still others advocate midwifery group practices independent of doctors. These changes are not a response to increasing obstetric litigation but are the result of pressure from consumer groups and midwives. Many obstetricians and general practitioners are apprehensive about the trend, fearing that dismantling the established system
The Influence of Postnatal Handling on Adult Neuroendocrine and Behavioural Stress Reactivity

Environmental stimuli during early stages of life can influence the development of an organism and may result in permanent changes in adult behaviour and physiology. In the present study we investigated the influence of early postnatal handling on adult neuroendocrine and behavioural stress reactivity in Wistar rats. Pups were subjected to handling from postnatal day 1–21. The young were taken from the nest every day for 15 min and each of the pups was handled separately. Control nests were left undisturbed. When the animals had reached an adult age of 3–4 months they were individually housed and subjected to a series of tests to measure their stress reactivity. In the first experiment we established adult behavioural coping with stressors and anxiety in the following series of tests: open field test, shock prod defensive burying test, elevated plus maze and conditioned fear test. Collectively, the data clearly indicate that handled animals are characterized by a lower stress‐induced anxiety. Yet, handled and control animals do not differ in their general way of coping with stressors. Although the lower anxiety in handled animals is often reflected in a higher activity, they are not more active per se. In a second experiment, animals were provided with a permanent jugular vein canula for repeated blood sampling to determine stress hormones: noradrenaline, adrenaline, prolactin and corticosterone. Animals were subjected to a novelty test and a conditioned fear test. The neuroendocrine response profile is consistent with the conclusion that handled animals are less anxious than controls but are not different in their general strategy of coping with stressors. The handled animals showed an attenuated adrenaline, prolactin and corticosterone response. Yet, in neither of the two tests there was a difference in noradrenaline response, a typical marker for an active coping strategy. Interestingly, the differences in neuroendocrine reactivity already appeared in response to a mild novelty challenge when there were no clear behavioural differences yet. The neuroendocrine measures are in line with the behavioural data but more sensitively reflect the differences between handled and control animals.
Study of Different Adaptive Filtering Algorithms for Reduction in Baseline Wander in ECG Signal

The electrocardiogram (ECG) is the graphical representation of heart’s functionality. It is an important tool used for the diagnosis of cardiac abnormalities. ECG signals are usually weak and susceptible to external noise and interference. Adaptive filter is a good tool to reduce the influence of ambient noise/interference on the ECG signals. Adaptive filter uses Least mean squares (LMS) algorithm, as one of most popular adaptive algorithms for active noise cancellation (ANC). The goal of the paper is to show the comparison based on signal to noise ratio of different adaptive filter algorithms like LMS, Normalized LMS (NLMS), Normalized Signed Regressor LMS (NSRLMS), Recursive Least Squares (RLS), Normalized Sign-Sign LMS (NSSLMS), used for the analysis of ECG signals with noise. The filter needs two input: the signal (primary input) and an impulse correlated with the deterministic component (reference input). Several signals to noise ratio were considered. The adaptive filters essentially minimize the mean-squared error between a primary input, which is the noisy ECG, and a reference input, which is either noise that is correlated in some way with the noise in the primary input or a signal that is correlated only with ECG in the primary input. Keywords—ECG signal, Noise, Adaptive filtering, LMS, NLMS, RLS, NSSLMS.