Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Fatty Acid Profiles of Infants Fed Formulas Supplemented with Long-chain Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids

Department of Clinical Chemistry, University Hospital of Lausanne (CHUV), Lausanne, Switzerland; *Clinica Ostreticia Ginecologia B Dell'Universita Di Palermo, Palermo, Italy; tOspedaliero Provincia Per La Maternita, Milan, Italy; ^Department of Pediatrics, University of Lund, Malmb, Sweden; § Department of Pediatrics, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria; \\Laboratoire Central de Chimie Clinique, Centre Hospitaller Universitaire Vaudois, Lausanne, Switzerland; and fNutrition Division, Nestle South Africa, Randburg, South Africa
Forward Error Correction for Low-Delay Interactive Applications

Many current and emerging applications require low-latenc y communication, including interactive voice and video communication, multi-player gam ing, multi-person augmented reality and virtual reality, and various Internet of Things applica tions. Forward Error Correction (FEC) codes for low-delay interactive applications have several distinguishing characteristics from traditional FEC. The encoding and decoding operations must process a stream of data packets in a sequential fashion. Strict latency constraints limit the us of long block lengths, interleaving, or large buffers. Furthermore these codes must achieve fast recovery from burst losses and yet be robust to random losses. This tutorial paper provides a survey of FEC for low-delay in teractive applications. We provide several illustrative examples that explain why off -the-shelf codes such as Reed-Solomon Codes, Digital Fountain Codes, or Random-Linear Convoluti nal Codes do not provide ideal error correction for such applications. We then introduce s ome recently proposed FEC for streaming, discuss their properties, and quantify their pe rformance gains both through illustrative examples as well as through simulations over statistical ch nnel models and real packet traces.
Economic inclusivity through networked SME production : a case study in Kenya

As global manufacturing systems shift towards flexible and small-batch production, product developers and policy-makers have an opportunity to encourage more inclusive industrialization strategies. It is hypothesized that networks of informal-sector producers can provide an effective and ethical model for production; yet, due to a lack of research into these possibilities, both product developers and policy-makers are unaware of the latent potential. This thesis addresses the gap by analyzing a globally-competitive firm comprised of informal-sector producers, and making comparisons with other manufacturing models across both the developed and developing world. The author develops a categorization system for better understanding the costs and benefits of each model, and creates a framework to explain how new product developers evaluate key tradeoffs in making manufacturing decisions. The author then explores the prospect of creating a “virtual factory” of distributed microfactories through a case study of the ethical jewelry producer Soko in Nairobi, Kenya. Soko coordinates brass, horn, and bone jewelry production across 2500 craft microfactories, and its wares are cost-competitive with mid-tier jewelry brands in major retail stores worldwide. Soko’s overall effectiveness is analyzed through quantitative analysis of the company’s finances and impact reports, in-depth interviews with the company’s co-founder, and field research in Nairobi. The tradeoffs inherent in Soko’s production model are evaluated through the lens of the aforementioned decision-making framework. Key questions include, can artisanal microfactories compete with large-scale automation and industrialization? In what cases might smaller-scale production have an advantage over larger-scale models? Under the right circumstances, the case of Soko proves that networked microfactory production can be both cost-competitive (especially when handmade qualities are accentuated) and ethical; Soko creates opportunities for advancement across its network of artisans, who maintain ownership over their means of production. It is concluded that systems such as Soko’s can provide a model for socially-inclusive production strategies that build upon informal infrastructure. Even if Soko itself only impacts a small number of full-time artisans, a series of ethical, aggregating producers like Soko could collectively provide a larger-scale benefit.
Movement and Orientation Visualization using Wearable Inertial Sensors

Activity recognition using wearable sensors has widespread and important applications in different domains including healthcare, safety and behavior monitoring. Almost all the solutions for gesture and activity recognition are data-driven, and so, understanding the data and their characteristics is fundamental toward developing effective solutions. Visualization is perhaps the most effective approach for getting insight into data as well as communicating the insights with others. A novel visualization method that would provide additional utility to the existing methods is of utmost desire. However, such novel methods for visualization are rarely invented, particularly in the area of wearable and mobile sensing. This paper presents novel methods for visualizing movement and orientation using inertial sensors. we demonstrate the use of the methods for visualizing several activities and gestures. We also developed an efficient method for smoking puff detection leveraging the visualization methods.
Strategy-Proofness, Independence of Irrelevant Alternatives, and Majority Rule

We show that strategy-proofness, the Pareto principle, anonymity, neutrality, independence of irrelevant alternatives, and decisiveness uniquely characterize majority rule on any domain of preferences for which there exists a voting rule satisfying these axioms. In our formulation, strategy-proofness includes manipulations by coalitions. However, we demonstrate that the characterization still holds when coalitions are restricted to arbitrarily small size. We also show that when coalitions can manipulate outside the domain, there is an extension of majority rule that satisfies these axioms on any domain without Condorcet cycles. (JEL D72)
What Do We Know About the Dividend Puzzle? – A Literature Survey* Forthcoming in International Journal of Managerial Finance, 2018

This paper aims to shed light on the ongoing debate of dividend policy, which is considered one of the most controversial topics in corporate finance literature. We, first, outline the main theoretical arguments of dividend policy and then critically discuss the most important and influential previous empirical studies in the dividend literature. We detect that no general consensus has yet been reached after many decades of investigation, despite extensive debate and countless research. Consequently, the main motivation for paying dividends is still unsolved and thus remains as a puzzle. In addition, there is no doubt that carrying the dividend debate into the context of emerging markets attaches more pieces to this puzzle. JEL Classification: G35
Optimized Fuzzy Logic Controller and Neural Network Controller-a comparative study

: - This work presents the use of a Mamdani Fuzzy controller and a Neural Network controller to detect and catch an object on a 2 axes (X,Y) workspace with a robot arm. The controllers use two inputs and one output for each of two controlled axes of the robot. The inputs are defined as the position errors and the derivative of the position errors regarding the setpoint position (X REF , Y REF ) of the object to catch. The outputs of the controllers drive the X and Y axes motors. The two axes motors are actuated with the objective of capturing an object on a workspace, being the object position, i.e. the setpoint position, computed by processing an image acquired with a video camera placed over the workspace. A genetic algorithm, developed in a previous work, was used to compute the characteristics of the membership functions of the Mamdani Fuzzy Controller. The robot positioning system, using the two axes transfer functions, the Fuzzy controller and the Neural Network controller were simulated in MATLAB® environment being the results presented. Also, the performances of the controllers are compared regarding the setpoint tracking accuracy, the evolution of the (x,y) trajectories over time and the control effort
Cross-Disciplinary Genomics Approaches to Studying Emerging Fungal Infections

Emerging fungal pathogens pose a serious, global and growing threat to food supply systems, wild ecosystems, and human health. However, historic chronic underinvestment in their research has resulted in a limited understanding of their epidemiology relative to bacterial and viral pathogens. Therefore, the untargeted nature of genomics and, more widely, -omics approaches is particularly attractive in addressing the threats posed by and illuminating the biology of these pathogens. Typically, research into plant, human and wildlife mycoses have been largely separated, with limited dialogue between disciplines. However, many serious mycoses facing the world today have common traits irrespective of host species, such as plastic genomes; wide host ranges; large population sizes and an ability to persist outside the host. These commonalities mean that -omics approaches that have been productively applied in one sphere and may also provide important insights in others, where these approaches may have historically been underutilised. In this review, we consider the advances made with genomics approaches in the fields of plant pathology, human medicine and wildlife health and the progress made in linking genomes to other -omics datatypes and sets; we identify the current barriers to linking -omics approaches and how these are being underutilised in each field; and we consider how and which -omics methodologies it is most crucial to build capacity for in the near future.
Retrieving Corn Canopy Leaf Area Index from Multitemporal Landsat Imagery and Terrestrial LiDAR Data

Leaf angle is a critical structural parameter for retrieving canopy leaf area index (LAI) using the PROSAIL model. However, the traditional method using default leaf angle distribution in the PROSAIL model does not capture the phenological dynamics of canopy growth. This study presents a LAI retrieval method for corn canopies using PROSAIL model with leaf angle distribution functions referred from terrestrial laser scanning points at four phenological stages during the growing season. Specifically, four inferred maximum-probability leaf angles were used in the Campbell ellipsoid leaf angle distribution function of PROSAIL. A Lookup table (LUT) is generated by running the PROSAIL model with inferred leaf angles, and the cost function is minimized to retrieve LAI. The results show that the leaf angle distribution functions are different for the corn plants at different phenological growing stages, and the incorporation of derived specific corn leaf angle distribution functions distribute the improvement of LAI retrieval using the PROSAIL model. This validation is done using in-situ LAI measurements and MODIS LAI in Baoding City, Hebei Province, China, and compared with the LAI retrieved using default leaf angle distribution function at the same time. The root-mean-square error (RMSE) between the retrieved LAI on 4 September 2014, using the modified PROSAIL model and the in-situ measured LAI was 0.31 m2/m2, with a strong and significant correlation (R2 = 0.82, residual range = 0 to 0.6 m2/m2, p < 0.001). Comparatively, the accuracy of LAI retrieved results using default leaf angle distribution is lower, the RMSE of which is 0.56 with R2 = 0.76 and residual range = 0 to 1.0 m2/m2, p < 0.001. This validation reveals that the introduction of inferred leaf angle distributions from TLS data points can improve the LAI retrieval accuracy using the PROSAIL model. Moreover, the comparations of LAI retrieval results on 10 July, 26 July, 19 August and 4 September with default and inferred corn leaf angle distribution functions are all compared with MODIS LAI products in the whole study area. This validation reveals that improvement exists in a wide spatial range and temporal range. All the comparisons demonstrate the potential of the modified PROSAIL model for retrieving corn canopy LAI from Landsat imagery by inferring leaf orientation from terrestrial laser scanning data.
FUZZY RULE BASED MODEL FOR SEMANTIC CONTENT EXTRACTION IN VIDEO BIG DATA

Recent increment in the utilization of video-based applications has unveiled the requirement for extracting the substance in videos. Street crime is expanding as of late, which has requested more solid and smart open conservative framework. Raw information and low-level elements alone are not adequate to satisfy the client's needs that is, a more profound comprehension of the substance at the semantic level is needed. Manual procedures, which are wasteful, subjective and expensive in time and limit the questioning abilities, are being utilized to bridge the gap between lowerlevel delegate components and higher-level semantic substance. It is fundamental to portion the video information into important pieces as image frame using image processing. To recognize important video data as useful big data, it is necessary to associate information from every methodology. In order to achieve this, Video Semantic Substance Extraction Framework was initiated to extract the objects, events and ideas consequently from videos through the previously mentioned procedure. With video analytics it is possible to track movement, size, speed, shape and directions of objects. In this video semantic substance model fuzzy rule based procedures are used to accomplish preferable outcome.
Reducing Application Runtime Variability on Jaguar XT 5 Sarp Oral

Operating system (OS) noise is defined as interference generated by the OS that prevents a compute core from performing “useful” work. Compute node kernel daemons, network interfaces, and other OS related services are major sources of such interference. This interference on individual compute cores can vary in duration and frequency, and can cause de-synchronization (jitter) in collective communication tasks and thus results in variable (degraded) overall parallel application performance. This behavior is more observable in large-scale applications using certain types of collective communication primitives, such as MPI Allreduce. This paper presents our effort towards reducing the overall effect of OS noise on our large-scale parallel applications. Our tests were performed on the quad-core Jaguar, the Cray XT5 at the Oak Ridge National Laboratory Leadership Computing Facility (OLCF). At the time of these tests, Jaguar was a 1.4 PFLOPS supercomputer with 149,504 compute cores and 8 cores per node. We aggregated OS noise sources onto a single core for each node. The scientific application was then run on six of the remaining cores in each node. Our results show that we were able to improve the MPI Allreduce performance by two orders of magnitude. We demonstrated up to a 30% boost in the performance of the Parallel Ocean Program (POP) using this technique.
The Structure and Photoluminescence of Erbium-Doped Nanocrystalline Silicon Thin Films Produced by Reactive Magnetron Sputtering

We have produced and studied undoped and erbium-doped nanocrystalline silicon thin films in order to evaluate the erbium influence on the film microstructure and how this correlates with the photoluminescence properties. Films were grown by reactive RF sputtering. For the doped films metallic erbium was added to the c-Si target. The structural parameters and the chemical composition of the different samples were investigated by X-ray in the grazing incidence geometry, Raman spectroscopy, ellipsometry and Rutherford Back Scattering. The effect of the nc-Si/SiOx matrix ,i.e., nc-Si volume fraction and the presence of SiO and/or SiO2 phases, on the erbium photoluminescence efficiency is discussed.
Subsistence harvest of bowhead whales (Balaena mysticetus) by Alaskan Eskimos during 2005

In 2009, 38 bowhead whales (Balaena mysticetus) were struck during the Alaskan subsistence hunt resulting in 31 animals landed. Total landed for 2009 was a bit less than the average over the past 10 years (1999-2008: mean = 40.1; SD = 7.2). The efficiency (# landed / # struck) of the hunt was 82%, which is about the average during 1999-2008 (mean = 78%, SD = 8%). Spring hunts are logistically more difficult than autumn hunts because of cold weather conditions and the dynamic physical challenges associated with hunting whales in sea ice. Typically, hunt efficiency during spring is lower than autumn. In 2009, however, the efficiency of the spring hunt (85%) was somewhat similar to the autumn efficiency (80%). This is likely due to the extremely difficult environmental conditions during spring 2009, which resulted in relatively few strikes at Barrow, Wainwright and Point Hope. The few strikes that were used were mostly successful. Of the landed whales, 18 were females, 12 were males, and sex was not determined for one animal. Based on total length, 6 of the 18 females were presumed mature (>13.4m in length). Two of the mature females were examined closely. One was pregnant with a 1.63m female fetus and the other was not pregnant. The other mature females were not closely examined as biologists were either not stationed in the villages or the whales were butchered in the water and access to internal organs was limited. Two landed whales were female calves; 6.2 and 6.6m in length. Both animals were taken during the autumn. Fall calves are nearly the size of yearlings and the hunters mistakenly thought these animals were independent subadults.
D C ] 2 8 Ju l 2 01 5 Optimizing CMS build infrastructure via Apache

The Offline Software of the CMS Experiment at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) at CERN consists of 6M lines of in-house code, developed over a decade by nearly 1000 physicists, as well as a comparable amount of general use open-source code. A critical ingredient to the success of the construction and early operation of the WLCG was the convergence, around the year 2000, on the use of a homogeneous environment of commodity x86-64 processors and Linux. Apache Mesos is a cluster manager that provides efficient resource isolation and sharing across distributed applications, or frameworks. It can run Hadoop, Jenkins, Spark, Aurora, and other applications on a dynamically shared pool of nodes. We present how we migrated our continuous integration system to schedule jobs on a relatively small Apache Mesos enabled cluster and how this resulted in better resource usage, higher peak performance and lower latency thanks to the dynamic scheduling capabilities of
Protein Kinase C ( PKC ) Activity Regulates Functional Effects of K β 1 . 3 Subunit on K 1 . 5 Channels

K 1.5 channels are the primary channels contributing to the ultrarapid outward potassium current (I ). The regulatory K β1. 3 subunit converts K 1.5 channels from delayed rectifiers with a modest degree of slow inactivation to channels with both fast and slow inactivation components. Previous studies have shown that inhibition of PKC with calphostin C abolishes the fast inactivation induced by K β1. 3. In this study, we investigated the mechanisms underlying this phenomenon using electrophysiological, biochemical, and confocal microscopy approaches. To achieve this, we used HEK293 cells (which lack K β subunits) transiently cotransfected with K 1.5+K β1. 3 and also rat ventricular and atrial tissue to study native α-β subunit interactions. Immunocytochemistry assays demonstrated that these channel subunits colocalize in control conditions and after calphostin C treatment. Moreover, coimmunoprecipitation studies showed that K 1.5 and K β1. 3 remain associated after PKC inhibition. After knocking down all PKC isoforms by siRNA or inhibiting PKC with calphostin C, K β1. 3-induced fast inactivation at +60 mV was abolished. However, depolarization to +100 mV revealed K β1. 3-induced inactivation, indicating that PKC inhibition causes a dramatic positive shift of the inactivation curve. Our results demonstrate that calphostin C-mediated abolishment of fast inactivation is not due to the dissociation of K 1.5 and K β1. 3. Finally, immunoprecipitation and immunocytochemistry experiments revealed an association between K 1.5, K β1. 3, the receptor for activated C kinase (RACK1), PKCβI, PKCβII, and PKCθ in HEK293 cells. A very similar K 1.5 channelosome was found in rat ventricular tissue but not in atrial tissue.
Frequency Control Devices.

Abstract : The objective of the program was to explore advanced concepts in the design and manufacture of frequency control devices. The program was designed to lead to low cost mass production, high performance components, increased levels of communication system circuit integration, and a significant size reduction of radios and other communication system elements. The proposed approach was to adapt advanced microelectronic material processing, piezoelectric thin films, and micromachining of single crystal plates to achieve wafer scale integration and production of a wide class of frequency control devices.
EQUILIBRIUM POINTS OF NONATOMIC GAMES

Schmeidler's results on the equilibrium points of nonatomic games with strategy sets in Euclidean «-space are generalized to nonatomic games with strategy sets in a Banach space. Our results also extend previous work of the author which assumed the Banach space to be separable and its dual to possess the Radon-Nikodym property. Our proofs use recent results in functional analysis.
YY 1 ’ s role in DNA methylation of Peg 3 and Xist

Unusual clusters of YY1 binding sites are located within several differentially methylated regions (DMRs), including Xist, Nespas and Peg3, which all become methylated during oogenesis. In this study, we performed conditional YY1 knockdown (KD) to investigate YY1’s roles in DNA methylation of these DMRs. Reduced levels of YY1 during spermatogenesis did not cause any major change in these DMRs although the same YY1 KD caused hypermethylation in these DMRs among a subset of aged mice. However, YY1 KD during oogenesis resulted in the loss of DNA methylation on Peg3 and Xist, but there were no changes on Nespas and H19. Continued YY1 KD from oogenesis to the blastocyst stage caused further loss in DNA methylation on Peg3. Consequently, high incidents of lethality were observed among embryos that had experienced the reduced levels of YY1 protein. Overall, the current study suggests that YY1 likely plays a role in the de novo DNA methylation of the DMRs of Peg3 and Xist during oogenesis and also in the maintenance of unmethylation status of these DMRs during
Inégalités de revenu en France , 1900-2014 : Enseignements des Comptes Nationaux Distributifs ( DINA )

We combine national accounts, tax and survey data in a comprehensive and consistent manner for France, to build homogenous annual series on the distribution of national income by percentiles, from 1900 to 2014, with detailed breakdown by age, gender and income categories over the 1970-2014 period. Our new series deliver higher inequality levels for the recent decades, because the usual tax-based series miss a rising part of capital income. Growth incidence curves look dramatically different for the 1950-1983 and 19832014 periods. We also show that it has become increasingly difficult to access top wealth groups with labor income only. Next, gender inequality in labor income declined in recent decades, albeit fairly slowly among top labor incomes. Finally, we compare the evolution of income inequality between France and the U.S.