Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Policy-Based Access Control for Constrained Healthcare Resources

In this paper, we propose an access control architecture for constrained healthcare resources in the IoT. Our policy-based approach provides fine-grained access for authorised users to services while protecting valuable resources from unauthorised access. We use a hybrid approach by employing attributes, roles and capabilities for our authorisation design. We apply attributes for role membership assignment and in permission evaluation. Membership of roles grants capabilities. The capabilities which are issued may be parameterised based on further attributes of the user and are then used to access specific services provided by IoT devices. This significantly reduces the number of policies required for specifying access control settings. The proposed scheme is XACML driven. Our approach requires very little additional overhead when compared to other proposals employing capabilities for access control in the IoT. We have implemented a proof of concept prototype and provide a performance evaluation of the implementation.
Dynamic Transmit Power Allocation for Distributed Mimo Radar Target Detection

Distributed multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) radars can use multiple transmitters and receivers simultaneously to detect targets. In order to maximize the probability of target detection, it is necessary to allocate the available transmit power resources suitably. The optimal allocation requires calculating the probability of detection, which is a computationally complex task, so using the exact distribution is very difficult in a dynamic scenario. In order to alleviate this problem, we propose an approximate distribution that is computationally simpler. This approximation is compared with the exact distribution as well as other cost functions that depend on the distribution of the test statistic, including the Kullback-Leibler divergence. It is demonstrated that the approximate distribution works well in the power allocation problem for MIMO radar target detection.
A Seamless Transfer Strategy Based on Multi-master and Multi-slave Microgrid

In this paper, a combined method of direct current control and droop control method for multi-master and multi-slave architecture is proposed to improve the reliability of microgrid in islanding mode. Upon the occurrence of utility outage, the master distributed generation (DG) units can realize seamless transition from a current source control to a voltage source control independent of islanding detection, and the quality of load transient voltage is not affected during transferring process. The existing seamless transfer control strategies are mostly based on single-master and multi-slave microgrid structure. In this paper, multiple parallel master DGs can prevent system fault in case of the only master DG fails and improve the reliability in islanding mode. The simulation results are provided to verify the effectiveness of this proposed control method.
The Statistical Restricted Isometry Property For Gabor Systems

Gabor matrices are important in many different areas of timefrequency analysis like radar or communications. For applications with sparse data, the question arises whether these matrices satisfy some recovery guarantees for compressive sampling, and which generating windows yield a matrix with restricted isometric property. This paper proves the uniqueness-guaranteed statistical restricted isometric property for Gabor matrices generated by an Alltop window. In that way, we present a recovery guarantee for this deterministic measurement matrix where the number of measurements scales linearly with the sparsity of the signals.
Circadian Rhythm and ST-Segment Elevation Myocardial Infarction: Insights From the Third Gulf Registry of Acute Coronary Events (Gulf RACE-3Ps)

Circadian rhythms have been identified in multiple physiological processes that may affect cardiovascular diseases, yet little is known about the impact of circadian rhythm on acute ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) onset and outcomes in the Middle East. The relationship between time of symptom onset during the 24-hour circadian cycle and prehospital delays and in-hospital death was assessed in 2909 patients with STEMI presenting in 6 Arabian Gulf countries. A sinusoidal smoothing function was used to show the average circadian trends. There was a significant association between time of symptom onset and the circadian cycle. The STEMIs were more frequent during the late morning and early afternoon hours (P < .001). Patients with pain onset from 0.00 to 5:59 had median prehospital delays of 150 minutes versus 90 minutes from 6:00 to 11:59 and 12:00 to 17:59, respectively (P < .001). Although there was no significant difference in mortality between the 4 groups (P = .230), there was a significant association between time of symptom onset as sinusoidal function and in-hospital mortality (P = .032). Patients with STEMI in the Middle East have significant circadian patterns in symptoms onset, prehospital delay, and timeliness of reperfusion. A circadian rhythm of in-hospital mortality was found over the 24-hour clock of symptom onset time.
A Proposal for Bridging the Message Queuing Telemetry Transport Protocol to HTTP on IoT Solutions

Internet of Things (IoT) is a promising market and data gathered by IoT devices is highly valuable. The software that handles and stores these data is known as IoT middleware. The devices transfer data to middleware through an application protocol, which can be different from those supported by middleware. This paper proposes an application layer gateway that converts Message Queuing Telemetry Transport Protocol (MQTT) messages into HTTP. This solution can be deployed on a computer or Raspberry Pi, allowing devices to seamlessly send data to any REST endpoint. Instead of sending data directly to a middleware, IoT devices can send a smaller message to this bridge, which reconstructs it and forwards to a middleware, reducing the stress on the IoT device. The graphical user interface allows users to configure aspects related to messages conversion and forwarding in runtime. The paper demonstrates the efficiency of this approach by evaluating three scenarios where data is sent to Orion context broker (a Fiware project), which reveals that packet size that is sent by an IoT device through this proposed approach is 10 times smaller than other bridges and 17 times smaller than sending an HTTP request straight to the server.
Phosphorus Forms in Sediments of a River-Dominated Estuary

Estuaries are biologically productive transition zones between land and sea that play a vital role in transforming, recycling, and sequestering nutrients and organic matter, thus influencing nutrient loading to coastal systems. Yet, the processes involved in phosphorus (P) transformation and cycling among inorganic and organic P forms are poorly known in estuaries. To better understand the potential for P transformation and sequestration, we identified P forms and estimated their contributions to total P in intertidal wetland sediments of a river-dominated estuary (Columbia River, Oregon, USA) using solution 31P nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (P-NMR). Inorganic P forms dominated sediment P extracts throughout the estuary, with orthophosphate accounting for 71–84% of total extracted P. However, biologically-derived inorganic and organic P forms were also detected. Polyphosphates were found in sediment extracts throughout the estuary, contributing as much as 10% of extracted P. Similar to other wetlands, orthophosphate monoesters and diesters made approximately equal contributions (~ 20%) to total extracted P. However, monoesters (e.g., phytate) were more abundant in sedimentary environments characterized by low organic matter content, while diesters (e.g., DNA) were more abundant in sedimentary environments with high organic matter, regardless of salinity. Collectively, the data show strong evidence for P transformation in sediments of a large, river-dominated estuary, which influences its transport to the coastal Pacific Ocean via the expansive Columbia River plume.
A new deep learning model based on improved alexnet for radiation source target recognition

For the need of accurate radiation source target recognition, incorporating machine learning technology represented by deep learning, this paper explores a new mechanism and methods of intelligent learning which considering the characteristics of emitter signal data. This article puts forward an improved AlexNet as feature extractor, which achieved solidifying of fine feature extraction, and formed the intelligent recognition network model. With Automatic dependent surveillance-Broadcast (ADS-B) signal as the experimental object, 10 ADS-B pulse signals were collected as target data in the field of the airport as the training and testing samples for target recognition. The experiment use AlexNet and other neural network models to verify the effectiveness of the algorithm. The results show that the improved AlexNet network has faster training time and the comprehensive recognition rate is 98.28%.
Big Data Viewpoint On Channel Information Measures Based on ACE Algorithm

In this paper, we focus on the mutual information, which can characterize the transmission ability because it shows correlation between channel input and channel output. Shannon entropy and mutual information are the cornerstones of information theory. In addition, Chernoff information is another fundamental channel information measure, and it describe the maximum achievable exponent of the error probability in hypothesis testing. Uased on alternating conditional expectation (ACE) algorithm, we decompose these two mutual information. In fact, their decomposition results are similar in big data prespective. In this sense, these two kinds of mutual information are just different measures of the same information quantity. This paper also deduces that the channel performance only depends on channel parameters and the decomposition results of a new proposed mutual information should agree with the impact of the parameters.
Game-Based Research in Education: A Key-Route Main Path Analysis of Literature (2008-2017)

In recent years, many researchers have engaged in the development and application of educational computer games. This paper presents a research review of game-based research in education literature from 2008 to 2017. A total of 1,334 journal papers with 17,899 citations were searched and collected from social science citation index database to construct citation network. With the advantage of main path analysis, a total of 4,523 citation links with 758,211 traversal counts were found. Among numerous paths in the citation network, the most frequently searched key-route main paths were identified. Those notable key-route main paths were used as the basis to map the knowledge flow of game-based research in education. This study highlights the key-routes main paths as the theoretical development trajectories in game-based research, providing a research-based platform for further scholarly discussion.
ER-phagy at a glance

ABSTRACT Selective autophagy represents the major quality control mechanism that ensures proper turnover of exhausted or harmful organelles, among them the endoplasmic reticulum (ER), which is fragmented and delivered to the lysosome for degradation via a specific type of autophagy called ER-phagy. The recent discovery of ER-resident proteins that bind to mammalian Atg8 proteins has revealed that the selective elimination of ER involves different receptors that are specific for different ER subdomains or ER stresses. FAM134B (also known as RETREG1) and RTN3 are reticulon-type proteins that are able to remodel the ER network and ensure the basal membrane turnover. SEC62 and CCPG1 are transmembrane ER receptors that function in response to ER stress signals. This task sharing reflects the complexity of the ER in terms of biological functions and morphology. In this Cell Science at a Glance article and the accompanying poster, we summarize the most recent findings about ER-phagy in yeast and in mammalian cells. Summary: The endoplasmic reticulum is the largest organelle of the cell and it fulfils a plethora of biological functions. The constant ER membrane turnover is therefore needed and is mediated by ER-phagy.
How Do Age and Hearing Loss Impact Spectral Envelope Perception?

Purpose The goal was to evaluate the potential effects of increasing hearing loss and advancing age on spectral envelope perception. Method Spectral modulation detection was measured as a function of spectral modulation frequency from 0.5 to 8.0 cycles/octave. The spectral modulation task involved discrimination of a noise carrier (3 octaves wide from 400 to 3200 Hz) with a flat spectral envelope from a noise having a sinusoidal spectral envelope across a logarithmic audio frequency scale. Spectral modulation transfer functions (SMTFs; modulation threshold vs. modulation frequency) were computed and compared 4 listener groups: young normal hearing, older normal hearing, older with mild hearing loss, and older with moderate hearing loss. Estimates of the internal spectral contrast were obtained by computing excitation patterns. Results SMTFs for young listeners with normal hearing were bandpass with a minimum modulation detection threshold at 2 cycles/octave, and older listeners with normal hearing were remarkably similar to those of the young listeners. SMTFs for older listeners with mild and moderate hearing loss had a low-pass rather than a bandpass shape. Excitation patterns revealed that limited spectral resolution dictated modulation detection thresholds at high but not low spectral modulation frequencies. Even when factoring out (presumed) differences in frequency resolution among groups, the spectral envelope perception was worse for the group with moderate hearing loss than the other 3 groups. Conclusions The spectral envelope perception as measured by spectral modulation detection thresholds is compromised by hearing loss at higher spectral modulation frequencies, consistent with predictions of reduced spectral resolution known to accompany sensorineural hearing loss. Spectral envelope perception is not negatively impacted by advancing age at any spectral modulation frequency between 0.5 and 8.0 cycles/octave.
Performance Investigation of Marginalized Particle-Extended Kalman Filter under Different Particle Weighting Strategies in the Field of Electrocardiogram Denoising

Background: Recently, a marginalized particle-extended Kalman filter (MP-EKF) has been proposed for electrocardiogram (ECG) signal denoising. Similar to particle filters, the performance of MP-EKF relies heavily on the definition of proper particle weighting strategy. In this paper, we aim to investigate the performance of MP-EKF under different particle weighting strategies in both stationary and nonstationary noises. Some of these particle weighting strategies are introduced for the first time for ECG denoising. Methods: In this paper, the proposed particle weighting strategies use different mathematical functions to regulate the behaviors of particles based on noisy measurements and a synthetic ECG signal built using feature parameters of ECG dynamic model. One of these strategies is a fuzzy-based particle weighting method that is defined to adapt its function based on different input signal-to-noise ratios (SNRs). To evaluate the proposed particle weighting strategies, the denoising performance of MP-EKF was evaluated on MIT-BIH normal sinus rhythm database at 11 different input SNRs and in four different types of artificial and real noises. For quantitative comparison, the SNR improvement measure was used, and for qualitative comparison, the multi-scale entropy-based weighted distortion measure was used. Results: The experimental results revealed that the fuzzy-based particle weighting strategy exhibited a very well and reliable performance in both stationary and nonstationary noisy environments. Conclusion: We concluded that the fuzzy-based particle weighting strategy is the best-suited strategy for MP-EKF framework because it adaptively and automatically regulates the behaviors of particles in different noisy environments.
All-Digital Massive Mimo With a Fronthaul Constraint

We analyze the uplink and downlink rates achievable in an all-digital massive multiple-input multiple-output system in which the base station (BS) is equipped with low-precision analog-to-digital and digital-to-analog converters, the size of the antenna array is limited, and there is a bandwidth constraint on the fronthaul link connecting the remote radio head to the digital baseband processing unit at the BS. Our results show that, at low SNR, it is better to use antenna arrays with many antenna elements, each one connected to low-precision converters, because this yields a beneficial array gain. On the contrary, at high SNR, it is better to reduce the number of active antenna elements, but increase the precision of the converters connected to them, because this allows one to separate more easily the data streams of the different users with simple linear baseband processing techniques.
Ghrelin, a gastrointestinal hormone, regulates energy balance and lipid metabolism

Ghrelin, an acylated peptide hormone of 28 amino acids, is an endogenous ligand of the released growth hormone secretagogue receptor (GHSR). Ghrelin has been isolated from human and rat stomach and is also detected in the hypothalamic arcuate nucleus. Ghrelin receptor is primarily located in the neuropeptide Y and agouti-related protein neurons. Many previous studies have shown that ghrelin and GHSR are involved in the regulation of energy homeostasis, and its administration can increase food intake and body weight gain. AMP-activated protein kinase is activated by ghrelin in the hypothalamus, which contributes to lower intracellular long-chain fatty acid level. Ghrelin appears to modulate the response to food cues via a neural network involved in the regulation of feeding and in the appetitive response to food cues. It also increases the response of brain areas involved in visual processing, attention, and memory to food pictures. Ghrelin is also an important factor linking the central nervous system with peripheral tissues that regulate lipid metabolism. It promotes adiposity by the activation of hypothalamic orexigenic neurons and stimulates the expression of fat storage-related proteins in adipocytes. Meanwhile, ghrelin exerts direct peripheral effects on lipid metabolism, including increase in white adipose tissue mass, stimulation of lipogenesis in the liver, and taste sensitivity modulation.
High Gain and Low Noise Figure Single-to-Differential CMOS LNA for Ka-Band Communication System

This paper presents a 30GHz high gain, low-noise figure(NF)single-to-differential LNA for Ka-Band communication system. The proposed single-to-differential LNA consists of two stages. The first stage is a common source (CS) stage to reduce the noise figure and the second stage is a common source (CS)-common gate (CG) noise cancelling active balun stage to convert the single ended signal to differential mode signal. The use of active balun stage improves the gain by 16.772 dB and reverse isolation by −30.199 dB. The proposed LNA topology is designed using 0. 18μm standard RF CMOS technology. The design simulated for an operating frequency of 30GHz gives an overall gain of 23.709 dB and an excellent noise figure of 0.927 dB. A bandwidth of 4.04GHz (28.11GHz-32.14GHz) is achieved and the LNA draws a current of 16.4 mA from a supply voltage of 1.8V.
Commentary on Dupuytren’s contracture in Ethiopia. A. Gebereegziabher, A. Baraki, Y. Kebede, I. Mohammed and V. Finsen. J Hand Surg Eur. 2017, 42: 26–8.

Almost all articles and book chapters that have been written about Dupuytren’s Disease (DD) state that DD is a disease of Caucasians, especially of NorthWestern European descent, and rare in people of other ethnicities. Gebereegziabher et al. are the first to describe a substantial series of 75 Ethiopian cases of DD originating from various tribes living in various parts of the country, but seen in one hospital in Addis Ababa over the course of 2 years. The age distribution, as well as the phenotypical characteristics of DD in these cases are, in general, similar to those of a previously described (Caucasian) series (Lanting et al., 2014), except for the underrepresentation of symptoms in the left hand. Of note is the relatively high prevalence of hypertension found in this series, which has not been reported in Caucasian series, but has in a nation-wide population-based study in Taiwan (Yeh et al., 2015). In addition, the reported relatively low prevalence of DD in the families of the probands is unusual, but this may be underreported. This article describes a unique case series, but raises at least as many questions as it answers. (1) Does the occurrence of these 75 cases seen in this practise in Addis Ababa reflect a much higher prevalence in this country with more than 86 million inhabitants than until now was expected, or is it just by chance that this many cases of a rare disease have been seen there because it specializes in hand surgery? (2) If it does reflect a high prevalence, is this situation unique for Ethiopia, or does this also apply to the rest of the Horn of Africa, with which the Ethiopian inhabitants have interacted over millenia, or for an ever bigger area, including countries such as Jemen on the Arabic peninsula that was already under the influence of Ethiopa in the tenth century BCE (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ History_of_Ethiopia)? (3) Is it correct to compare Ethiopia with other African countries where the only similarity is a dark skin? The cited case reports all come from sub-Sahara countries or from offspring of these countries, which have distinct ethnic composition and a lower prevalence of DD as is reflected in a population of Northern America (Saboeiro et al., 2000). (4) Ethiopia is the country where fossils of the oldest homonids dating back 4.2 million years have been found and is seen as the cradle of human kind. From here Homo Sapiens eventually spread in all directions. How does the finding in this article of Gebereegziabher et al. relate to the article of McFarlane in which he seconds the opinion of Early (1962), who suggested that DD has a Nordic origin in one or more of the Germanic tribes of Angles, Saxons, Jutes, and Frisians between 1200 and 200 BCE (McFarlane, 2002)? Further, relatively easy to perform, population research (Lanting et al., 2013), antropological investigations, and more complex genetic studies are needed to answer all these questions and reveal the true prevalence of DD in the Horn of Africa.
Wireless Sensor Network Localization Problem by Hybridized Moth Search Algorithm

Wireless sensor networks are widely used and consequently represent an important research field. The objective of the node localization problem, that belongs to the group of NP-hard tasks, is to find geographical coordinates of each sensor node with unknown position that are randomly deployed in the monitoring area. Such hard optimization problems are successfully solved by the swarm intelligence algorithms. This paper presents hybridized recent swarm intelligence moth search algorithm adapted for solving localization problem in wireless sensor networks. The application of the moth search algorithm for node localization problem was not found in the literature survey. In the experimental section of this paper we show comparative analysis between the original and hybridized moth search algorithm, as well as with other state-of-the-art algorithms that were tested on the same problem instances of node localization problem. According to experimental results, both, basic moth search and hybridized moth search algorithms are promising approaches for dealing with this kind of problem.