Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Comparison of Missing Data Imputation Methods for Leaching Process Modelling

As the original information of production process, industrial production data is the important basis and foundation of process modelling and optimization. However, the data acquisition operation, the restriction of instrument operation environment and malfunction often lead to data missing. Under this condition, the research on missing data imputation in the leaching process is vital and significant. In this paper, the leaching process mechanism model is presented firstly. Missing data characteristics, the basic principle of imputation methods are introduced in detail next. Based on the analysis of data deficiency and its features during the acid intermittent leaching of cobalt compound ore, this article will launch the research on the deficiency of crucial values, such as sulphur dioxide flow, PH value of leaching agent, leaching rate, and apply various data packing methods into leaching process modelling. According to the simulation results, this paper evaluates the application performance of different imputation and modelling methods in accuracy and concludes the method with which could pack the missing data effectively under different data missing condition. Keywords-missing data imputation; leaching process; modelling; multiple imputation (MI); gaussian mixture model (GMM)
Impact of Ethical Leadership on Follower’s In-role Performance: Evidence from Pakistan

In the modern world of business, the competition is fierce, the margins are thinning; raising employee performance and loyalty is a major concern for organizations. Many cradles of enhancing productivity and loyalty have been unearthed by researchers and one such driver is “ethical leadership” and that is why Douglas Conant explains “to win in the marketplace you must first win in the workplace. ” In this study, we investigate the mediating mechanisms of perceived organizational support (POS) and organizational identification (OI) in explaining the process by which ethical leadership influences follower’s in-role performance. This study covers the banking sector in Pakistan, which recommends that ethical leadership nurtures employee in-role performance via POS and organizational identification. This study also offers implication for theory and practices. Keywords. Organizational Identification. POS. In-role Performance. Ethical leadership. Pakistan.
Streptococcus mutans ( The Potency of Mangosteen Peel Infution ( Garcinia mangostana L . ) to Increase Neutrophil Microbicidal Activity Exposed to Streptococcus mutans )

Abstrak Neutrofil merupakan bagian dari sel leukositdengan jumlah terbanyak di dalam sirkulasi darah. Ketika ada mikroorganisme masuk ke dalam tubuh, neutrofil segera membunuhnya. Tahapnya yaitu migrasi, penelanan, degranulasi, dan inter seluler killing. Kandungan dalam kulit manggis diduga dapat membantu neutrofil membunuh bakteri yang masuk ke dalam tubuh. Sampel berjumlah 28 terdiri dari 7 kelompok perlakuan, yaitu K I (kontrol negatif), K II (kontrol positif), K III RKM (Rebusan Kulit Manggis) 100%, K IV RKM 75%, kelompok V RKM 50%, K VI RKM 25%, dan K VII RKM 100% tanpa neutrofil. Isolat neutrofil dipapar dengan RKM sesuai kelompok perlakuan di atas kemudian diinkubasi selama 3 jam. Selanjutnya dipapar S. mutans dan diinkubasi lagi selama 3 jam. Setelah itu dikultur dalam media BHI-A dan diinkubasi selama 1x24 jam. Selanjutnya dilakukan penghitungan koloni bakteri dengan metode colony counter. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan perbedaan signifikan jumlah koloni bakteri antara rebusan kulit manggis dengan kelompok kontrol. Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini adalah rebusan kulit manggis alami mempunyai potensi untuk meningkatkan aktivitas mikrobisida neutrofil dan dapat berperan sebagai antibakteri.
Numerical 3D Modelling of Anchorage, Corrosion and Spalling

The aim of this study is to enhance our understanding of anchorage capacity in reinforced concrete structures with corrosion-induced cover spalling. Our objectives were to study the influence of corrosion-induced cover spalling on bond strength. Thus, earlier developed bond and corrosion models suited for detailed 3D finite element (FE) analysis were first combined with a new computation scheme to simulate corrosion-induced cover spalling. The 3D FE analyses were validated through experiments. The application of 3D FE analysis showed that the corrosion of stirrups advances the emergence of cracking and spalling, while bond strength is only slightly influenced by the corrosion of stirrups after cover spalling if early yielding of stirrups had not taken place. Moreover, it was shown that stresses in the stirrups due to corrosion in adjacent bars rapidly diminished within a short distance from the main bar, and that the corrosion of stirrups influenced the shear capacity more prominent than the induced stresses in stirrups due to the corrosion of main bars.
Water fluxes through the Barents Sea

The physical oceanographic conditions in the Barents Sea depend mainly on the variability in the Atlantic inflow from the Norwegian Sea and the inflow of Arctic water from the Kara Sea and the Arctic Ocean. The transport out of the Barents Sea consists of transformed Atlantic water to the Arctic Ocean and also partly to the Norwegian Sea.To describe the water balance, good estimates of the volume transports between the different seas are needed. By means of available literature, some current measurements and ocean modelling, the present paper describes the water fluxes through the Barents Sea. Russian scientists have calculated the geostrophical transport of the Atlantic current, and found a clear seasonal variation with maximum flow during wintertime. Current measurements, carried out in an array in the north-eastern Barents Sea, confirm the seasonality. The outflow varies from 1 to 3 Sv with maximum during the cold season. The results from a wind-driven numerical model of the Atlantic inflow also show a clear inter-annual variability. Both the seasonal and inter-annual variability seem to be linked to the atmospheric pressure, and the results clearly indicate the highest flow of water when the atmospheric pressure is low.Based on available literature from all the different in/outflow areas, we try to make a balanced budget for the Barents Sea through-flow. The results indicate an average ingoing and outgoing transport of approximately 4 Sv, of which the throughflow of Atlantic water contributes the half.
On the Kuramoto-Sivashinsky equation in a disk

We consider the first initial-boundary value problem for the 2-D Kuramoto–Sivashinsky equation in a unit disk with homogeneous boundary conditions, periodicity conditions in the angle, and small initial data. Apart from proving the existence and uniqueness of a global in time solution, we construct it in the form of a series in a small parameter present in the initial conditions. In the stable case we also obtain the uniform in space long-time asymptotic expansion of the constructed solution and its asymptotics with respect to the nonlinearity constant. The method can work for other dissipative parabolic equations with dispersion.
AN INDOOR NAVIGATION APPROACH CONSIDERING OBSTACLES AND SPACE SUBDIVISION OF 2D PLAN

The demand for indoor navigation is increasingly urgent in many applications such as safe management of underground spaces or location services in complex indoor environment, e.g. shopping centres, airports, museums, underground parking lot and hospitals. Indoor navigation is still a challenging research field, as currently applied indoor navigation algorithms commonly ignore important environmental and human factors and therefore do not provide precise navigation. Flexible and detailed networks representing the connectivity of spaces and considering indoor objects such as furniture are very important to a precise navigation. In this paper we concentrate on indoor navigation considering obstacles represented as polygons. We introduce a specific space subdivision based on a simplified floor plan to build the indoor navigation network. The experiments demonstrate that we are able to navigate around the obstacles using the proposed network. Considering to well-known path-finding approaches based on Medial Axis Transform (MAT) or Visibility Graph (VG), the approach in this paper provides a quick subdivision of space and routes, which are compatible with the results of VG.
Kelvin probe force microscopy of semiconductor surface defects

We present a comprehensive three-dimensional analysis of Kelvin probe force microscopy of semiconductors. It is shown that high-resolution electronic defect imaging is strongly affected by free carrier electrostatic screening, and the finite size of the measuring tip. In measurements conducted under ambient conditions, defects that are not more then 2 nanometers below the surface, and are at least 50 nanometers apart can be imaged only if the tip-sample distance is not larger then 10 nanometers. Under ultrahigh vacuum conditions, when the tip-sample distance can be as small as 1 nanometer, it is shown that the tip-induced band bending is only around a few millivolts, and can be neglected for most practical purposes. Our model is compared to ultrahigh vacuum Kelvin probe force microscopy measurements of surface steps on GaP, and it is shown that it can be used to obtain local surface charge densities.
Interactive comment on "Improved scattering radiative transfer for frozen hydrometeors at

Particle orientation is not yet generally considered in satellite-based passive microwave remote sensing at frequencies of 183 GHz and below. This can be explained from both a scientific and a practical point of view. Scientifically, many modelling studies have indicated that particle orientation could affect the v-h polarisation difference at 37 GHz and 85 GHz, with the effects coming from preferentially-aligned raindrops or small cloud ice particles. However, observational studies suggest the effects on brightness temperatures are limited in magnitude and not particularly widespread. Prigent et al. (2001) saw polarisation differences in SSM/I radiances of order 6K at 85 GHz that
Growth Rate and Sexual Maturity in Cod (Gadus morhua) and Atlantic Halibut (Hippoglossus hippoglossus)

Variation in growth and reproduction dynamics of fish populations substantially affects production in wild as well as domesticated fish populations. Identifying the intrinsic and environmental factors which influence the dynamics of these traits is important for stock assessment methodology and management of wild fish populations as well as for improving production in aquaculture. In this paper the relationship between growth and maturation of cod (Gadus morhua) and Atlantic halibut (Hippoglossus hippoglossus) is described using data from spawning locations along the Norwegian coast. Both species show an inverse relationship between immature growth and age/size at first spawning. Long term trends may be connected to climatic changes as well as to the increased exploitation experienced in this century. Shortterm variation may be caused by abrupt changes in the conditions for growth, e.g. due to temperature shifts and/or variation in prey abundance.
Exploring value as the foundation of value proposition design

Purpose: Business models define the activity system that an organization employs to create and capture value. As such, business models are essentially the application of strategic management. The term busi- ness model, however, suffers from definitional ambiguity which makes the construction of effective busi- ness models problematic. We argue that this ambiguity is largely due to a lack of clarity around value. This paper seeks to provide clarity around value and in doing so aid in the development of effective business models. Design: Theoretical paper that deconstructs value into use value and exchange value and develops these concepts. Findings: We deconstruct value into use value and exchange value to explain the micro-conditions of val- ue creation and capture. In doing so, we also provide an explanation of how VRIN and non-VRIN resources can be traded for gain as well as opening up greater strategic options for managers in their development of business models. Originality / Value: Against the background of the study’s focus on BMI, its comparably broad literature basis, and its quantitative and qualitative analysis approach, which provides straightforward recommen- dations for future research, the study caters an original contribution to the field.
The Financing of Italian Shipping Firms

Bank financing has traditionally been the most prominent source of external finance in shipping industry. The maritime transport sector has undergone numerous changes due to both the economic growth of the emerging countries and the legislative response following the financial crisis (Basel 3). In particular, the tightening on capital adequacy has produced a banking disengagement in terms of loans to the sector that has led to changes in the financing of shipping business. The present paper examines the composition and the dynamics of the mix of alternative forms of financing of Italian shipping firms. The analysis focuses on a sample of 500 Italian companies active in the maritime transport sector between 2007 and 2015. The analysis is aimed at analyse the response in the maritime sector to the trend of banks “disengagement” and compares it with the international trend. The results show that the response to bank disengagement should be better articulated since all alternative forms of financing are not widely used, in particular the stock and bond market suffer of very low volume and intensity. The benefits deriving from the diversification of the mix of alternative forms of financing should be object of further studies especially in the field of risk management.
The Effect of Maternal Borderline Personality Disorder and Child Temperament on Mother-Child Synchrony

Maternal borderline personality disorder (BPD) and difficult child temperament have individually been associated with reduced quality of mother-child interactions. The current study examined synchrony (a dyadic construct measuring quality of interaction) during a coded observational task in a sample of mothers with BPD and their young children ages 4-7 (n = 36) compared to normative comparisons (n = 34). These mothers’ self-reported borderline features were also used to examine dyad synchrony across the sample as a whole. We also examined the association between child temperament and synchrony as well as the potential moderating effect child temperament has on the relationship between a BPD diagnosis or high borderline features and mother-child synchrony. Analyses were conducted both with original subscales of the Personality Assessment Inventory-Borderline Features (PAI-BOR) scale for maternal borderline features and the Child Behavior Questionnaire-Short Form (CBQ-SF) for child temperament as well as with subscales for these two measures factor analyzed with the current sample. Contrary to expectations, there were no group differences in synchrony. Using factor analyzed PAI-BOR subscales, maternal ‘negative relationships’ significantly negatively correlated with synchrony, and maternal total borderline features as well as ‘affective instability’ negatively correlated with synchrony with marginal significance. ‘Impulsivity’ and ‘reckless spending’ did not significantly correlate with synchrony. Similarly, when using original PAI-BOR subscales, maternal negative relationships, identity disturbance, and total borderline features significantly negatively correlated with synchrony, and affective instability marginally negatively correlated. Again, selfharm/impulsivity did not correlate with synchrony. Furthermore, child temperament was not correlated with synchrony when using factor analyzed CBQ-SF subscales. However, attentional focusing was positively correlated with synchrony when using original CBQ-SF subscales. Child temperament did not play a moderating role between maternal group status and synchrony using either set of subscales. Child temperament also did not play a moderating role between borderline features and synchrony when using original PAI-BOR and CBQ-SF subscales. However, when using factor analyzed PAI-BOR and CBQ-SF subscales, child temperament did act as a moderator such that mothers’ negative relationships were negatively associated with synchrony at low but not high levels of child ‘effortful control’. Clinical implications, limitations, and future directions are discussed.
Phase transitions of the BTZ black hole in new massive gravity

We investigate thermodynamics of the BTZ black hole in new massive gravity explicitly. For $m^2\ell^2>1/2$ with $m^2$ the mass parameter of fourth-order terms and $\ell^2$ AdS$_3$ curvature radius, the Hawking-Page phase transition occurs between the BTZ black hole and AdS (thermal) soliton. For $m^2\ell^2<1/2$, however, this transition unlikely occurs but a phase transition between the BTZ black hole and the massless BTZ black hole is possible to occur. We may call the latter as the inverse Hawking-Page phase transition and this transition is favored in the new massive gravity.
Gaussian blur identification using scale-space theory

Image deblurring algorithms generally assume that the nature of the blurring function that degraded an image is known before an image can be deblurred. In the case of most naturally captured images the strength of the blur present in the image is not known. This paper proposes a method to identify the standard deviation of a Gaussian blur that has been applied to a single image with no a priori information about the conditions under which the image was captured. This simple method makes use of a property of the Gaussian function and the Gaussian scale space representation of an image to identify the amount of blur. This is in contrast to the majority of statistical techniques that require extensive training or complex statistical models of the blur for identification. Keywords-Gaussian blur, blur identification, blur estimation, scale space.
A locally DIV‐free projection scheme for incompressible flows based on non‐conforming finite elements

We present a projection scheme whose end‐of‐step velocity is locally pointwise divergence free, using a continuous ℙ1 approximation for the velocity in the momentum equation, a first‐order Crouzeix–Raviart approximation at the projection step, and a ℙ0 approximation for the pressure in both steps. The analysis of the scheme is done only for grids that guarantee the existence of a divergence free conforming ℙ1 interpolant for the velocity. Optimal estimates for the velocity error in L2‐ and H1‐norms are deduced. The numerical results demonstrate that these estimates should also hold on grids on which the continuous ℙ1 approximation for the velocity locks. Since the end‐of‐step velocity is locally solenoidal, the scheme is recommendable for problems requiring good mass conservation. Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Relative Contributions of the Logging, Fiber, Oil Palm, and Mining Industries to Forest Loss in Indonesia

Indonesia contributes significantly to deforestation in Southeast Asia. However, much uncertainty remains over the relative contributions of various forest‐exploiting sectors to forest losses in the country. Here, we compare the magnitudes of forest and carbon loss, and forest and carbon stocks remaining within oil palm plantation, logging, fiber plantation (pulp and paper), and coal mining concessions in Indonesia. Forest loss in all industrial concessions, including logging concessions, relate to the conversion of forest to nonforest land cover. We found that the four industries accounted for ∼44.7% (∼6.6 Mha) of forest loss in Kalimantan, Sumatra, Papua, Sulawesi, and Moluccas between 2000 and 2010. Fiber plantation and logging concessions accounted for the largest forest loss (∼1.9 Mha and ∼1.8 Mha, respectively). Although the oil palm industry is often highlighted as a major driver of deforestation, it was ranked third in terms of deforestation (∼1 Mha), and second in terms of carbon dioxide emissions (∼1,300–2,350 Mt CO2). Crucially, ∼34.6% (∼26.8 Mha) of Indonesia's remaining forests is located within industrial concessions, the majority of which is found within logging concessions (∼18.8 Mha). Hence, future development plans within Indonesia's industrial sectors weigh heavily on the fate of Southeast Asia's remaining forests and carbon stocks.
Sustainable leadership pre- and within the 21st century

This paper reviews literature on sustainable leadership preand within the 21st century, using the following nuances: (1) selected dynamics attributable to socio-demographics, (2) implications and barriers that skew gender and leadership bias, and (3) the role of cultural norms and values in leadership practices and processes within organizations. The global challenge for research on sustainable leadership is also discussed, as it must take into account the different cultures, needs and requirements of different organizations within specific environmental contexts. A challenge spoke to the use of international models and strategies in order to achieve semantic interoperability. It is concluded that from the established theoretical framework, a focus on culture and sustainable leadership is needed, as these impact on various aspects of leadership including sustainability. It is suggested that for the future, emerging issues should incorporate sustainability into businesses in order to align environmental and social objectives with business strategies.
Tumor-associated glycoconjugates andcell adhesionmolecules:In vivoveritas?

Introduction In vitro studies on various rodent and human tumor cell lines and in transgenic mouse models have demonstrated an association between altered carbohydrate structures of glycoproteins and aberrant cell adhesion molecule expression and invasive growth behavior, as well as acquisition of metastatic potential. A prototype example of structural and compositional changes of N-glucosidically linked oligosaccharide side chains of glycoproteins consists in the increased synthesis of N-acetylglucosamine ß1 ,6 mannose structures, the socalled 1,6 branches (1). Functionally, an increased number of ß1,6 branches was found to be associated with reduced contact inhibition of growth, reduced cell-substratum adhesion, enhanced cellular motility and metastatic potential (2, 3). Another type of tumor-associated aberrant glycosylation is due to simplified synthesis of O-glucosidically linked oligosaccharides resulting, for instance, in the presence of the Thomsen-Friedenreich glycotope (4, 5). Although its functional implications tor the social behavior of cells are not known, the Thomsen-Friedenreich glycotope has been proposed to represent a general carcinoma autoantigen (6, 7) and therefore to be of diagnostic and prognostic value. Furthermore, active specific immunotherapy using synthetic Thomsen-Friedenreich glycoconjugates for the development of tumor vaccines has been proposed (8-10). Among the cell adhesion molecules, CD44 and the E-cadherin/catenin complex have attracted special interest since their involvement in tumor progression and metastasis was demonstrated (11-15). This lecture will focus on the above mentioned selected tumor-associated glycoconjugates and cell adhesion molecules, providing a comparative analysis of in vitro data and results from transgenic animals with human carcinomas, with regard to their prognostic value and their use as general tumor markers.
Overexpression of AtCBF 1 in Sinningia speciosa Enhances Chilling Stress Tolerance

Sinningia speciosa, also known as gloxinia, originates from tropical South America and is widely cultivated as ornamental flower around the world because of its large oval leaves and gorgeous flowers[3,4]. Sinningia speciosa is a tropical chilling-sensitive flower that can hardly survive below 4oC [5]. Chilling stress not only limits the geographical distribution of Sinningia speciosa Overexpression of AtCBF1 in Sinningia speciosa Enhances Chilling Stress Tolerance