Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
[The positive "vocal fremitus" in malignant breast tumors in color MEM ultrasound imaging--an exciting artifact in confirming the diagnosis?].

In the experimental phase of application of a new Non-Doppler technology (MEM system, Acoustic Imaging, Phoenix; Dornier Medizintechnik) we observed, that in patients, who spoke during colour imaging of a breast tumour, artifacts appeared in or around the lesion: the colour artifacts were seen regularly inside the tumour in cases of malignancies, and exactly surrounding benign tumours. Postoperative histological findings served as an objective criterion of classification/differentiation. To examine this phenomenon, we performed a study in 71 patients. These women with a sonographically detectable tumour (37 malignant, 34 benign) were examined on the day before surgery. We observed, that if patients uttered the number "99" with a relatively low voice or alternatively hummed a deep sound, the artifacts could be regularly visualized. In 66/71 patients (93%) status evaluation by artifact generation due to vocal fremitus examination was correct. In 3 patients the tumour was erroneously described as malignant, histology showing a proliferative mastopathy. In 2 cases the tumour was classified as benign, whereas histology revealed a malignancy, in both patients a large ductal-invasive carcinoma (> 3 cm). This phenomena could, however, not be reproduced with other colour techniques. A possible explanation is: Thoracic vibrations during speech can be registered by the MEM technique. These vibrations are not perpetuated into the benign lesion characterised by a displacing growth, due to which the vibrations are "barred off" at the borders of the tumour. Infiltrating growth typical of a malignancy causes transmission of these vibrations into the center of the tumour. (ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
P1D-6 Quantification of Rotational Tissue Motion in IVUS with Optical Flow Algorithm

A novel method for estimating tissue motion in two- dimensional intravascular ultrasound image sequences of coro- nary arteries is proposed. It is based on the classical algorithm by Lukas-Kanade for optical flow. The optical flow vector field describes the transformation between consecutive frames and quantifies the amount of apparent tissue displacement. It is estimated for each point of the vessel wall in the least-square sense over a sliding window. However, instead of assuming the motion constancy, a locally affine motion model is adopted. It effectively captures and appropriately describes a complex deformation pattern of coronary vessel walls under variable physiological conditions (i.e. heart contraction, pulsatile blood pressure). Another refinement contains a novel feature-based weighting scheme, which prioritizes the contribution of each spatial neighbor depending on its traceability. Finally, the scale- space embedding of the classical optical flow equation is derived. The inaccuracy in the computed flow field with respect to the true solution for different scales (Gaussian blurring) and weight- ing schemes was estimated. This systematic approach, carried out on the artificially rotated images of a tissue-mimicking phantom, yields the optimal choice for the algorithm's parameters. The validation of the proposed method was done on het- erogenous tissue-mimicking phantoms. The experimental results showed robust and reliable performance of the algorithm up to 4.5 ◦ , which is in the plausible range of circumferential vessel wall displacement of coronary arteries. I. INTRODUCTION
Process feasibility of a novel dielectric material in a chip embedded, coreless and asymmetrically built-up structure

Chip embedded technology enables advanced integration of modern electronic package structures due to its characteristics of small size, higher performance, lower overall cost and reduction of time to market. Moreover, stacking multiple layers of embedded components can allow an even higher capacity of devices and packaging density. Comparing to 3D interconnection by through silicon via (TSV), device embedded module can have relevant effects by using PCB compatible process though the size and transmitting path is slightly higher than 3D IC modules. However, warpage issue is one of the significant factors that affect the manufacturing of device embedded products due to the asymmetric package form. A strong and robust substrate or core layer, such as high Tg FR4 substrate, BT substrate or Cu lead frame, is often required to provide a stiffening effect for the structure to prevent from severe warpage. In order to acquire even thinner package form, finer L/S specifications, and higher density of interconnection, coreless substrate may be one of the solution to meet the demand. But the asymmetric characteristic of embedded package structure may be regarded as a challenge when applied in coreless structure without a core layer. In this paper, a new type dielectric material with the characteristic of low CTE is disclosed. When it was applied in an asymmetric package structure with embedding chip, warpage behavior was found suppressed comparing to conventional dielectric materials. Moreover, when it was applied in a coreless structure with chip embedded, the structure can still maintain considerable flatness. The process feasibility of laser via forming, Cu plating was evaluated, while tensile strength of the plated Cu and reliability of the laminated structure were examined. An additional PI material was coated as the release layer in the forming of the coreless structure. The concept of asymmetric built-up coreless structure was brought up according to the materials' characteristics and regarded as a potential solution for 3D System-in-Package in this study.
Amplification of multiple regions of chromosome 12, including 12q13–15, in chronic lymphocytic leukaemia

Abstract: Trisomy 12 is a frequent abnormality in chronic lymphocytic leukaemia (CLL). The biological importance of trisomy 12 is still poorly understood but it has been suggested that one or several genes are duplicated leading to malignant transformation. We present a case with amplification of 12q13–22 found in a clinically aggressive relapse of CLL. A smaller region, 12q13–15, was amplified most frequently and a YAC containing the MDM2 gene gave the highest number of signals. Additionally, in a subclone an amplicon containing at least 5 copies of a cosmid from 12q23–24 was detected. The case shows that small duplications of chromosome 12, not revealed by cytogenetic analysis, may occur in CLL. Also, it shows that cytogenetic clonal evolution can occur in CLL without morphological evidence of blast transformation. Our results indicate that the 12q13–15 region carries an important gene for CLL progression.
LED encapsulation and integration with Film Assisted Molding technology

Single LED package based on encapsulated leadframe provides a common electrical and thermal path with dramatic reduction of its thermal resistance. The specific LED packaging technology consists of a silver plated copper leadframe overmolded with a reflective white compound. This paper presents low cost molding process to mold the leadframe with bleed/flash free. With single/double films lining of the molded parts, film assisted transfer molding technology(FAM) provides easy release of the compound from the mold and keeps specific surfaces clear from the molding compound. The LED module based on the leadframe encapsulation and LED system wafer level integration can be easily reached with low cost by FAM technology to keep certain LED surfaces and sensor clear.
Effect of body mass index on tumor characteristics and disease‐free survival in patients from the HER2‐positive adjuvant trastuzumab trial N9831

Data suggest that weight, and specifically body mass index (BMI), plays a role in breast cancer development and outcome. The authors hypothesized that there would be a correlation between BMI and clinical outcome in patients with early stage, human epidermal receptor 2 (HER2)‐positive breast cancer enrolled in the N9831 adjuvant trial.
3 D Building Generalisation

The article presents a novel approach for the automatic generalisation of 3D building models with regard to the cartographic visualisation of urban landscapes. Building objects are geometrically simplified for the purpose of levels of detail generation to speed up rendering and to improve the perceptibility on small displays commonly found in mobile devices. Generalisation is realised in a process similar to half space modelling. Approximating planes are determined from the original building model. These are then used as space dividing primitives to remodel the object with a façade and roof structure of simpler shape.
Comparison of cuffed and uncuffed preformed oral pediatric tracheal tubes

Background : In preformed cuffed tracheal tubes the position of the cuff within the airway is given by its distance to the tube bend placed at the lower teeth. The aim of this study was to compare the design of cuffed and uncuffed preformed pediatric oral tracheal tubes with regard to anatomical landmarks.
A DSP based controller for high-power interleaved boost converters

High power boost converter has become the essential part of the distributed power system that enables energy to be fully utilized in fuel cell powered electric vehicles and stationary power systems. This paper presents a DSP-based fully digital control implementation for an interleaved high power DC-DC boost converter. A dual-loop average current mode current control method is employed to achieve the fast transient response. Different anti-wind up schemes for a typical PI-controller are evaluated through simulations and experiments. Simulation and experiment results of the 20-kW boost converter under a start-up condition and load transient condition are also presented. The results show that this typical controller with proper anti-wind up scheme achieves a better transient performance than without the anti-wind up scheme.
Radio/X-ray correlation in the low/hard state of GX 339-4

We present the results of a long-term study of the black hole candidate GX 339 4 using simultaneous radio (from the Australia Telescope Compact Array) and X-ray (from the Rossi X-ray Timing Explorer and BeppoSAX) observations performed between 1997 and 2000. We find strong evidence for a correlation between these two emission regimes that extends over more than three decades in X-ray flux, down to the quiescence level of GX 339 4. This is the strongest evidence to date for such strong coupling between radio and X-ray emission. We discuss these results in light of a jet model that can explain the radio/X-ray correlation. This could indicate that a significant fraction of the X-ray flux that is observed in the low-hard state of black hole candidates may be due to optically thin synchrotron emission from the compact jet.
Impact of a Risk Calculator on Risk Perception and Surgical Decision Making: A Randomized Trial

Objective: The aim of this study was to determine whether exposure to data from a risk calculator influences surgeons’ assessments of risk and in turn, their decisions to operate. Background: Little is known about how risk calculators inform clinical judgment and decision-making. Methods: We asked a national sample of surgeons to assess the risks (probability of serious complications or death) and benefits (recovery) of operative and nonoperative management and to rate their likelihood of recommending an operation (5-point scale) for 4 detailed clinical vignettes wherein the best treatment strategy was uncertain. Surgeons were randomized to the clinical vignettes alone (control group; n = 384) or supplemented by data from a risk calculator (risk calculator group; n = 395). We compared surgeons’ judgments and decisions between the groups. Results: Surgeons exposed to the risk calculator judged levels of operative risk that more closely approximated the risk calculator value (RCV) compared with surgeons in the control group [mesenteric ischemia: 43.7% vs 64.6%, P < 0.001 (RCV = 25%); gastrointestinal bleed: 47.7% vs 53.4%, P < 0.001 (RCV = 38%); small bowel obstruction: 13.6% vs 17.5%, P < 0.001 (RCV = 14%); appendicitis: 13.4% vs 24.4%, P < 0.001 (RCV = 5%)]. Surgeons exposed to the risk calculator also varied less in their assessment of operative risk (standard deviations: mesenteric ischemia 20.2% vs 23.2%, P = 0.01; gastrointestinal bleed 17.4% vs 24.1%, P < 0.001; small bowel obstruction 10.6% vs 14.9%, P < 0.001; appendicitis 15.2% vs 21.8%, P < 0.001). However, averaged across the 4 vignettes, the 2 groups did not differ in their reported likelihood of recommending an operation (mean 3.7 vs 3.7, P = 0.76). Conclusions: Exposure to risk calculator data leads to less varied and more accurate judgments of operative risk among surgeons, and thus may help inform discussions of treatment options between surgeons and patients. Interestingly, it did not alter their reported likelihood of recommending an operation.
Accurate simulation of the currents on conducting thin-wire structures with subcell technique

To simulate some microwave devices with thin-wire structures, we propose a round contour path integral (RCPI) method to calculate the currents on conducting thin-wire by using subcell technique in the finite difference time domain (FDTD) method. Through simulation examples, the RCPI method is verified to be more accurate than the conventional square contour path integral (SCPI) method.
Mycoplasma pneumoniae-induced hydrocephalus in hamsters

Hydrocephalus was induced in neonatal hamsters after intracerebral inoculation of Mycoplasma pneumoniae. Examination of the ependyma from affected animals by electron microscopy did not reveal mycoplasma. However, in an ependymal organ culture system, M. pneumoniae cytadsorbed to ependymal cells.
GENERATION OF A SET OF KEY TERMS CHARACTERISING TEXT DOCUMENTS

The presented paper describes statistical methods (information gain, mutual X^2 statistics, and TF-IDF method) for key words generation from a text document collection. These key words should characterise the content of text documents and can be used to retrieve relevant documents from a document collection. Term relations were detected on the base of conditional probability of term occurrences. The focus is on the detection of those words, which occur together very often. Thus, key words, which consist from two terms were generated additionally. Several tests were carried out using the 20 News Groups collection of text documents.
Gpr1p, a putative G-protein coupled receptor, regulates glucose-dependent cellular cAMP level in yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae.

How cells monitor the availability of nutrition and transduce signals is a fundamental, unanswered question. We have found that Gpr1p, a recently identified G-protein (Gpa2p) coupled receptor in yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae, regulate the cellular cAMP level in response to glucose. The glucose-induced higher cAMP level found in the strain with GPA2 in multicopy plasmid decreased by deletion of GPR1 gene. A transient increase of cAMP in response to glucose was not observed in a Deltagpr1 mutant strain and this defect was complemented and restored by introducing GPR1 gene with YCp vector. Gpr1p was also required for the increase of cAMP in response to other fermentable sugars. Both membrane proximal regions o the third cytosolic loop in Gpr1p, which has been shown to be important for coupling to G-proteins, were also required for glucose-induced transient increase of cAMP. Our findings suggest that Gpr1p is part of the nutrition sensing machinery most likely acting as a receptor to monitor glucose as well as other fermentable sugars and regulate cellular cAMP levels.
Quantification of Functional Selectivity at the Human α1A-Adrenoceptor

Although G protein-coupled receptors are often categorized in terms of their primary coupling to a given type of Gα protein subunit, it is now well established that many show promiscuous coupling and activate multiple signaling pathways. Furthermore, some agonists selectively activate signaling pathways by promoting interaction between distinct receptor conformational states and particular Gα subunits or alternative signaling proteins. We have tested the capacity of agonists to stimulate Ca2+ release, cAMP accumulation, and changes in extracellular acidification rate (ECAR) at the human α1A-adrenoceptor. Signaling bias factors were determined by novel application of an operational model of agonism and compared with the reference endogenous agonist norepinephrine; values significantly different from 1.0 indicated an agonist that promoted receptor conformations distinct from that favored by norepinephrine. Oxymetazoline was a full agonist for ECAR and a partial agonist for Ca2+ release (bias factor 8.2) but failed to stimulate cAMP production. Phenylephrine showed substantial bias toward ECAR versus Ca2+ release or cAMP accumulation (bias factors 21 and 33, respectively) but did not display bias between Ca2+ and cAMP pathways. Cirazoline and N-[5-(4,5-dihydro-1H-imidazol-2-yl)-2-hydroxy-5,6,7,8-tetrahydronaphthalen-1-yl]methanesulfonamide (A61603) displayed bias toward cAMP relative to Ca2+ release (bias factors of 7.4 and 8.6). It is noteworthy that epinephrine, a second endogenous adrenoceptor agonist, did not display bias relative to norepinephrine. Our finding that phenylephrine displayed significant signaling bias, despite being highly similar in structure to epinephrine, indicates that subtle differences in agonist-receptor interaction can affect conformational changes in cytoplasmic domains and thereby modulate the repertoire of effector proteins that are activated.
A twelve week exercise program improves the psychological status, quality of life and work capacity in hemodialysis patients.

BACKGROUND Patients with chronic renal failure (CRF) are restricted in physical, emotional and social dimensions of life due to their treatment and their comorbid medical conditions. We aimed to evaluate the effects of a 12-week exercise program on the functional capacity, functional mobility, walking capacity, quality of life and depression in patients with renal failure on hemodialysis (HD). METHODS Twenty patients with renal failure on HD were included and 14 of them completed the study. The patients went through a 12-week exercise program of 90 min/day, 3 days a week. Exercise and walking capacity, functional mobility, psychological status and quality of life were evaluated pre- and post-training. RESULTS Following the exercise, peak oxygen consumption, exercise duration and peak workload improved significantly (respectively, p=0.006, p=0.002 and p=0.002). There were significant improvements in the sit-to-stand-to-sit test and the 6- min walk test (p<0.001 and p=0.002). There was a significant reduction in the depression score (p<0.001). Both physical component scale (PCS) and mental component scale (MCS) of the Kidney Disease Quality of Life Short-Form 36 (SF-36) questionnaire showed significant increases (respectively, p=0.002 and p=0.004). CONCLUSION The application of an appropriate exercise program would improve psychological status and quality of life, as well as work capacity in long-term maintenance HD patients.
Data compression and soft sensors in the pulp and paper industry

Two key problems in industrial plant optimization are the compression of data from the automation system and the estimation of values which are not directly available. Clustering can be used to determine technologically meaningful operating points from data sets which serve as compressed archive data. Block selection techniques yield a speedup that makes this method feasible for industrial applications. Clustering can also be used to generate nonlinear models from sensor and laboratory data. These models are used as soft sensors which give good online estimations of variables which can only be measured offline in the laboratory. Both methods, data compression and soft sensor, are applied to the optimization of the deinking process in recovered paper processing in the paper industry.
Identification of Phosphorylation Sites on the Yeast Ribonucleotide Reductase Inhibitor Sml1*

Sml1 is a small protein in Saccharomyces cerevisiae which inhibits the activity of ribonucleotide reductase (RNR). RNR catalyzes the rate-limiting step of de novo dNTP synthesis. Sml1 is a downstream effector of the Mec1/Rad53 cell cycle checkpoint pathway. The phosphorylation by Dun1 kinase during S phase or in response to DNA damage leads to diminished levels of Sml1. Removal of Sml1 increases the population of active RNR, which raises cellular dNTP levels. In this study using mass spectrometry and site-directed mutagenesis, we have identified the region of Sml1 phosphorylation to be between residues 52 and 64 containing the sequence GSSASASASSLEM. This is the first identification of a phosphorylation sequence of a Dun1 biological substrate. This sequence is quite different from the consensus Dun1 phosphorylation sequence reported previously from peptide library studies. The specific phosphoserines were identified to be Ser56, Ser58, and Ser60 by chemical modification of these residues to S-ethylcysteines followed by collision activated dissociation. To investigate further Sml1 phosphorylation, we constructed the single mutants S56A, S58A, S60A, and the triple mutant S56A/S58A/S60A and compared their degrees of phosphorylation with that of wild type Sml1. We observed a 90% decrease in the relative phosphorylation of S60A compared with that of wild type, a 25% decrease in S58A, and little or no decrease in the S56A mutant. There was no observed phosphate incorporation in the triple mutant, suggesting that Ser56, Ser58, and Ser60 in Sml1 are the sites of phosphorylation. Further mutagenesis studies reveal that Dun1 kinase requires an acidic residue at the +3 position, and there is cooperativity between the phosphorylation sites. These results show that Dun1 has a unique phosphorylation motif.
The DSCR1 (Adapt78) isoform 1 protein calcipressin 1 inhibits calcineurin and protects against acute calcium‐mediated stress damage, including transient oxidative stress

Although DSCR1 (Adapt78) has been associated with successful adaptation to oxidative stress and calcium stress and with devastating diseases such as Alzheimer's and Down syndrome, no rationale for these apparently contradictory findings has been tested. In fact, DSCR1 (Adapt78) has not yet been proved to provide protection against acute oxidative stress or calcium stress. We have addressed this question using cross‐adaptation to H2O2 and the calcium ionophore A23187, stable DSCR1 (Adapt78) transfection and over‐expression in hamster HA‐1 cells, ‘tet‐off’ regulated DSCR1 (Adapt78) isoform 1 transgene expression in human PC‐12 cells, and DSCR1 (Adapt78) antisense oligonucleotides to test the ability of the DSCR1 (Adapt78) protein product calcipressin 1 (a calcineurin inhibitor) to protect against oxidative stress and calcium stress. Under all conditions, resistance to oxidative stress and calcium stress increased as a function of DSCR1 (Adapt78)/calcipressin 1 expression and decreased as gene/protein expression diminished. We conclude that cells may transiently use increased expression of the DSCR1 (Adapt78) gene product calcipressin 1 to provide short‐term protection against acute oxidative stress and other calcium‐mediated stresses, whereas chronic overexpression may be associated with Alzheimer disease progression. —Ermak, G. , Harris, C. D. , Davies, K. J. A. The DSCR1 (Adapt78) isoform 1 protein calcipressin 1 inhibits calcineurin and protects against acute calcium‐mediated stress damage, including transient oxidative stress. FASEB J. 16, 814–824 (2002)