Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Resultaten Meetprogramma Kwaliteit Bovenste Grondwater Landbouwbedrijven in het zandgebied (MKBGL-zand) 1992 - 1995

Het rapport bevat de meetresultaten van het vierjarig meetprogramma gestart in 1992 met als doel de kwaliteit van het bovenste grondwater op landbouwbedrijven in het zandgebied in beeld te brengen. Aanvullend is een multiple- regressie uitgevoerd, waarbij gebruik gemaakt is van de gegevens uit het LEI-Bedrijven Informatienet. Dit om een relatie te vinden tussen bedrijfsvoering en grondwaterkwaliteit. Het programma is een samenwerkingsproject tussen het Rijksinstituut voor Volksgezondheid en Milieu (RIVM) en het Landbouweconomisch Instituut (LEI-DLO). De bovenste meter van het grondwater, voorkomend binnen 5 meter beneden maaiveld, is bemonsterd op 99 bedrijven en geanalyseerd op chloride, nitraat, ammonium , kalium, opgeloste organische stof en ortho- en totaal-fosfaat. De landbouwbedrijven - 80 veehouderijbedrijven en 19 akkerbouwbedrijven - zijn gelegen in de zandgebieden. De gemiddelde nutrientenbelasting van de bodem is gedurende de meetperiode niet gewijzigd. De grondwaterkwaliteit was als gevolg van de toegenomen neerslag in de periode 1992-1995 aan sterke wijzigingen onderhevig. De nitraat- en chlorideconcentratie halveerden, terwijl de fosfaatconcentratie verdubbelde. De kalium- en ammoniumconcentratie daalden slechts licht. De voor neerslageffecten gecorrigeerde gemiddelde nitraatconcentratie in het bovenste grondwatyer onder landbouwbedrijven in het zandgebied bedraagt 158 mg.l-1. Dit is meer dan driemaal zo hoog als de grenswaarde van 50 mg.l-1. Meer dan 95% van de bedrijven in het zandgebied heeft een bedrijfsgemiddelde (gecorrigeerde) nitraatconcentratie die hoger is dan de grenswaarde. Er is een relatie gevonden tussen de grondwaterkwaliteit op de veehouderijbedrijven (nitraat en kalium) en het nutrientenoverschot, het percentage van het areaal onder mais en de grondwatertrap. Voor akkerbouwbedrijven kon geen relatie worden afgeleid, omdat het aantal bedrijven te klein was.
Geographies of food: agro-food geographies making reconnections

There was a time, and not so very long ago, when research in the geography of agriculture had little to say about food other than as a raw commodity. By the same token, geographers of food were largely taken up with retail geography as a subspecialism within economic geography. In other words, both were about economic activity, but in separate compartments. Both focused on issues of production as against consumption. The emergence of an agro-food geography that seeks to examine issues along the food chain or within systems of food provision derives, in part, from the strengthening of political economy approaches in the 1980s. By directing attention away from the narrow confines of the farm business, hitherto examined largely through the lenses of either neoclassical economics or behaviourism, towards relations with ‘capital’ an important reorientation and reconnection was started. However, the process has been taken much further in recent years with the (re-)discovery of consumption, linked so strongly to the postmodern or poststructuralist trends in social science. Conceptualizing consumption is, in turn, linked to the discovery of ‘culture’ in economic geography, and this has had some positive impacts on agro-food studies (Goodman and DuPuis, 2002). However, Martin and Sunley (2001) have recently raised concern that ‘what these cultural economic geographers criticise as the myopic economism of ‘‘old’’ economic geography could simply be replaced by an exclusionary cultural essentialism in the ‘‘new’’ ’ (p. 152). To date, cultural essentialism has not taken hold in agro-food studies where the legacy of political economy is strong (e.g., Marsden et al., 1993). Consequently, economic realities and power remain important in many discussions of food consumption, as in Marsden et al. (2000). Nonetheless, a negative impact of the new cultural geography of consumption is perhaps apparent in how very few recent studies highlight the basic socio-economic and political issues of income inequalities which underpin and result from differential access to the process and Progress in Human Geography 27,4 (2003) pp. 505–513
LENDING BEHAVIOR OF MULTINATIONAL BANK AFFILIATES

We study the parent influence on lending by affiliates of a multinational bank. In the proposed theoretical model, local lending is influenced by shareholder-affiliate manager delegation and precautionary motives. The outcome is either contagion (the loan volume in the affiliate follows the direction of the parent bank country shock) or performance-based reallocation of funds (substitution), depending on the degree of manager delegation in the affiliate and the liquidity-sensitivity in the parent bank. Empirical investigation, deliberately conducted on a sample not covering the latest financial crisis, shows that also in “normal” times, multinational banks that are likely to delegate lending decisions or be more liquidity-sensitive are more inclined towards contagionist behavior.
The Summerville Formation: Evidence for a sub-horizontal stratigraphic sequence below the post-rift unconformity in the Middleton Place Summerville Seismic Zone

v LIST OF FIGURES . viii LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS . ix INTRODUCTION . 1 CHAPTER 1: THE SUMMERVILLE FORMATION: EVIDENCE FOR A SUB-HORIZONTAL STRATIGRAPHIC SEQUENCE BELOW THE POST-RIFT UNCONFORMITY IN THE MIDDLETON PLACE SUMMERVILLE SEISMIC ZONE . 2 REFERENCES . 37
Evaluation of potential biomarkers for Ewing´s sarcoma as cargo of tumor derived exosomes

The Ewing´s sarcoma (ES) is a highly malignant and early metastasizing bone tumor in children and adolescents. This study gave first evidence of its production of exosomes, 30-100 nm sized extracellular vesicles contributing to intercellular communication. These exosomes contain the ES specific transcripts EWS-FLI1, NR0B1, NKX2.2, STEAP1 und LIPI, which were evaluated for their utility as biomarkers in peripheral blood. Furthermore, ES derived exosomes underwent microarray analysis, revealing a common transcriptional signature implicated in signal transduction and stemness. Thus, exosomes might be involved in ES tumorigenesis and the modulation of the microenvironment.
Sensitivity and specificity of cardiac troponin-T in diagnosis of acute myocardial infarction

Background: Myocardial Infarction is the irreversible necrosis of the heart muscle secondary to prolong lack of oxygen supply. Troponin T is a structurally bound protein found in striated muscle cells. They have rapidly attained central role in diagnosis, prognostication and planning of therapeutic strategies in MI patients. The objective of this study was to evaluate the status of Troponin T in MI patients and its role in diagnosis compare to normal subjects. Methods: The study was conducted at M. L . N. Medical College, Allahabad, Uttar Pradesh India. A total of 136 cases were included in our study. Out of these, 86 were patients of AMI and 50 were healthy controls. They were evaluated by measurement of various parameters including enzymatic markers such as CPK-MB, SGOT, LDH1, and LDH2 and non-enzymatic markers such as troponin-T and myoglobin. Apart from these, LDL, VLDL and HDL levels were also kept under evaluation. Results: Troponin-T test was better than CPK-MB or SGOT in diagnosing myocardial infarction. In our study, sensitivity (67.3%) and specificity (73.8%) of troponin-T test was higher than CPK-MB (56.2% and 45.7%) and SGOT (34.2% and 58.3%) respectively. Troponin-T test was better than CPK-MB or SGOT after 2 hours of onset of myocardial infarction. Troponin- T and I: both kind of evaluations are available and are well evaluated. However troponin T estimation is more standardized and thus more popular. The positivity of troponin-T test also varied with area of infarct. Conclusions: High LDL and VLDL were seen while at the same time HDL level was lowered. An Increase in the level of myoglobin (non-specific marker), Cardiac troponin I and T and among the enzymatic markers elevated levels of CPK-MB, LDH and SGOT were observed in patients of MI against the normal subjects. In case of LDH both LDH 1 and LDH 2 were observed and a flipped pattern was noted. Bedside troponin-T test is highly sensitive and specific in the diagnosis of acute myocardial infarction and can be used in emergency and ambulatory settings. Qualitative troponin-T test is reliable above serum level of ≥ 0.10 ng/ml.
THE USE OF THE DBD ( DIGITAL BOOK DISK ) FOR EFFECTIVE TEACHING IN HISTORY

Th e primary signifi cance and purpose of History Education is to provide present day individuals with ‘experience in a nutshell’ and to assist these individuals to understand the complexity of the present world. To serve this role, History Education depends on information transfer about yesterday. Th erefore, it is important to take cognisance of the development of communication, and particularly the ICT-revolution, that is characterising the daily lives of modern individuals. Th is article will introduce the DBD (digital book disk) as aff ordable and robust electronic media to integrate the diff erent communication genres and thus enriched the reporting on the history, the days of the past. Th is will enhance the relevancy of and meaningful learning in History Education in present day schools. Th e aim of the article is not to provide a step-bystep explanation of the development of the DBD as concept (because of the Intellectual Property and commercial considerations).
The Influence of Cultural Similarity and Individual Factors on Visitation

This paper examined how Chinese, German and American individuals’ perceptions of cultural similarity/difference influence intentions to travel to New Zealand, a novel long-haul destination. The relationship was examined along with a set of potentially influential individual difference variables, including international travel experience, uncertainty avoidance, novelty seeking and ethnocentrism. Cultural similarity was a common positive predictor of travel intentions toward New Zealand across all three countries. Respondent’s travel experience and novelty seeking were also important positive influences for this long-haul destination, at least for Americans and Germans. Respondent’s level of uncertainty avoidance was only significant for Germany, where those with higher uncertainty were less likely to intend to visit New Zealand. Ethnocentrism was not a significant predictor in any country. These findings suggest that the perception of cultural similarity, which can be influenced by marketing campaigns, has a positive influence on travel intentions. Tourism marketers should stress elements of cultural similarity in their campaigns, especially for those markets where there may be lower levels of knowledge about the destination.
Nutrient Digestibility of Beef Cattle Ration with Total Mixed Fiber Amoniation (TMFA) as Basal Feed and Organic Mineral Supplementation by In Vitro

The research was aimed to obtain the level of organic minerals supplementation with Total mixed fiber Amoniation (TMFA) as basal feeding for the improvement of nutrient digestibility in rumen. Technique of research conducted by In Vitro technique. The method used in this research is a Completely Randomly Designed (CRD) with 4 treatments and 4 replications. P1: 60% amoniation TMF + 0 x Organic macro minerals (Ca, P, and S) NRC (2000) + 15% Swamp Legumes. P2: 60% ammonia TMF + 0.75 x Organic macro minerals (Ca, P, and S) NRC (2000) + 15% Swamp Legum, P3: 60% ammonia TMF + 1 x Organic macro minerals (Ca, P, and S) NRC (2000) + 15% Legum Swamp P4: 60% amoniation TMF + 1.5 x Organic macro minerals (Ca, P, and S) NRC (2000) + 15% Swamp Legum. Each treatment was added with an organic micro-mineral consisting of 40 ppm organic Zn, 10 ppm organic Cu, 0.10 ppm organic Se, and 0.30 ppm organic Cr. The parameters measured in the in-vitro technique were, measurement of nutrient digestibility which consists of dry matter and organic matter, crude protein, crude fiber, NDF and ADF. The results showed that organic mineral supplementation had significantly different effect (P <0.05) on nutrient digestibility (dry matter, organic matter, crude protein, crude fiber, ADF, NDF). The conclusion of this study was that organic mineral supplementation of Ca, P and S 1.5 times of requirement according to NRC (2000) gave the best results for in vitro nutrient beef digestion with Total mixed fiber ammoniation (TMFA) as basal feed and supplementation of l5% legume swamp (Kemon air). Keywords : Amoniation, total mixed fiber, organic mineral, nutrient digestibility
The Sentinel-1 Toolbox

The SENTINEL-1 Toolbox is a new open source software for scientific learning, research and exploitation of the large archives of SENTINEL and heritage missions. The Toolbox is based on the proven BEAM/NEST architecture inheriting all current NEST functionality including multi-mission support for most civilian satellite SAR missions. The Toolbox will also be compatible with the SENTINEL-2 and SENTINEL-3 Toolboxes incorporating tools for multispectral optical products. The project is funded through ESA's Scientific Exploitation of Operational Missions (SEOM). SEOM seeks to federate, support and expand the large international research community that the ERS, ENVISAT and the Envelope programmes have built up over the last 20 years. The SENTINEL-1 Toolbox will strive to serve the SEOM mandate by providing leading-edge software to the science and application users in support of ESA's operational SAR mission as well as by educating and growing a SAR user community. The Toolbox will also make use of polarimetric tools developed for the CSA through the Earth Observation Application Development Program(EOADP). The SENTINEL-1 Toolbox will evolutionary replace the Next ESA SAR Toolbox (NEST ) currently used by thousands of SAR users in academic and operational environments. The first release of the software will be freely available in mid-2014.
Self-consistent calculation of the coupling constant in the Gross-Pitaevskii equation

A method is proposed for a self-consistent evaluation of the coupling constant in the Gross-Pitaevskii equation without involving a pseudopotential replacement. A renormalization of the coupling constant occurs due to medium effects and the trapping potential, e.g., in quasi-1D or quasi-2D systems. It is shown that a simplified version of the Hartree-Fock-Bogoliubov approximation leads to a variational problem for both the condensate and a two-body wave function describing the behavior of a pair of bosons in the Bose-Einstein condensate. The resulting coupled equations are free of unphysical divergences. Particular cases of this scheme that admit analytical estimations are considered and compared to the literature. In addition to the well-known cases of low-dimensional trapping, crossover regimes can be studied. The values of the kinetic, interaction, external, and release energies in low dimensions are also evaluated and contributions due to short-range correlations are found to be substantial.
Applied Behavior Analysis: Its Application in the Treatment of Autism and Related Disorders in Young Children

The techniques of applied behavior analysis (ABA) are effective in altering the developmental trajectory of some very young children with autism. This research suggests that early, intensive treatment using the methods of ABA enables a significant number of children to enter the educational mainstream and achieve normal intellectual functioning. Both home-based and center- or school-based models have been used to deliver these services. Although discrete trial instruction is one of the most potent tools of early ABA teaching, a number of variations on this theme—the initial teaching of mands (requests), the use of an enriched environment with many items attractive to the child, and a focus on teaching the child to be highly skilled (fluent) in a behaviorall have the potential to be valuable teaching approaches.
Linking agricultural policies to population trends of Swedish farmland birds in different agricultural regions

1. The widespread declines of farmland birds have generally been linked to agricultural intensification. We tested the hypotheses that (i) changes in agricultural policy, through its effects on agricultural intensification and (ii) regional differences in agricultural intensification affect temporal and spatial population trends of farmland birds in Sweden. 2. We analysed regional bird population trends (1976–2003) for seven common farmland bird species: the migratory lapwing Vanellus vanellus, skylark Alauda arvensis, starling Sturnus vulgaris and linnet Carduelis cannabina and the resident tree sparrow Passer montanus, house sparrow P. domesticus and yellowhammer Emberiza citrinella. We identified three periods of agricultural policy in Sweden between 1976 and 2003: the intensification period (i.e. 1976–87; promoting increased production), the set-aside period (1987–95; promoting extensification of farming) and the Common Agricultural Policy (CAP) period (1995–2003; promoting increased production). Population trends were compared between three types of Swedish farmlands: open plains (intensive farming with a marked intensification), mosaic farmlands (i.e. farmland-dominated forest mosaics, less intensive farming, but show moderate intensification) and forest regions (i.e. forest-dominated farmlands with low intensity farming and extensification/abandonment). 3. The four migrants displayed clear significant trend switches between the policy periods, with declines in the ‘intensification period’ and the ‘CAP period’ and less negative or even positive population trends in the ‘set-aside period’. The population trends of the three resident species showed no clear pattern in relation to agricultural policy periods. 4. All species except tree sparrow displayed significantly different population trends between farmland regions. Four species (lapwing, skylark, linnet and house sparrow) declined most in the open plains and the forest regions, whereas two species (starling and yellowhammer) declined most in the mosaic farmlands. 5. Synthesis and applications. Large-scale changes in agriculture policy have a strong potential to change the present poor state of farmland biodiversity as shown by the generally positive population trends in the ‘set-aside period’. It also suggests extensification to be beneficial to farmland birds. However, in regions of low profitability and an already ongoing extensification, a further extensification will lead to loss of both farmland habitat and bird diversity. In such regions mixed farming needs to be retained and hence should be supported.
Contribution to the Themed Section : ‘ Revisiting Sverdrup ’ s Critical Depth Hypothesis ’ Food for Thought The importance of phytoplankton trait variability in spring bloom formation

Aleksandra M. Lewandowska1,2*, Maren Striebel2, Ulrike Feudel3, Helmut Hillebrand2, and Ulrich Sommer4 German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle-Jena-Leipzig, Deutscher Platz 5e, Leipzig 04103, Germany Institute for Chemistry and Biology of the Marine Environment (ICBM-Terramare), Carl-von-Ossietzky University Oldenburg, Schleusenstrasse 1, Wilhelmshaven 26382, Germany Institute for Chemistry and Biology of the Marine Environment (ICBM), Carl-von-Ossietzky University Oldenburg, Carl von Ossietzky Strasse 9-11, Oldenburg 26111, Germany Marine Ecology, GEOMAR Helmholtz Center for Ocean Research Kiel, Düsternbrooker Weg 20, Kiel 24105, Germany *Corresponding author: tel: +49 44219448209; fax: +49 4421944299; e-mail: aleksandra.lewandowska@uni-oldenburg.de
The effect of root temperature on development of small fruiting sultana vines

Sultana vines were grown in solution culture for eight weeks from budburst with root temperatures kept at 11, 20, or 30 °C. Air temperatures were common to all treatments and fluctuated between a minimum of 20 °C at night and a maximum of 35 °C in the day. The growth of shoots, roots, and infloroscenres increased with increasing root temperature. With roots at 30° C growth continued throughout the experiment; with roots at 20° growth practically stopped when the vines flowered, about four weeks after the experiment began; with roots at 11 °C very little growth occurred. The distribution of dry matter between the various plant parts differed between the different root temperatures; vines with roots at 30 °C had the highest shoot/root ratio. The percentage of flowers which set on plants with roots at 30 °C was more than twice that on plants with roots at 20 °C; with roots at 11 °C either very few berries set or the bunches died.
HMs Induced Changes on Growth, AntioxidantEnzyme’s Activity, gas Exchange Parametersand Protein Structures in Sasa Kongosanensis f. Aureo – Striatus

Nowadays, the contaminations generated by anthropogenic activities have had damaging effects on the life cycle of plants, particularly on the plants living in the vicinity of urban areas that are more associated with the life of people. Bamboo, as a local plant, is one of the most widely used plants in China. So, a pot experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of three HMs (Cu, Pb, and Zn) in four different concentrations (0 (for control), 500 mg/kg, 1000 mg/kg, and 200 mg/kg), with complete randomized design (CRD) by five replications for each treatment to measure the antioxidant enzymes, lipid per oxidation (LP), soluble protein (SP), gas exchange parameters, and morphological indexes in Sasa kongosanensis f. aureo – striatus. The results indicated that the antioxidant responses had an arc-shaped trend with various alterations in which POD and CAT first increase with low concentration of HMs (500 mg/kg) and then decrease with the increase of heavy metal (1000 mg/kg and 2000 mg/kg). Additionally, measuring of MDA content and soluble protein illustrated that MDA content and soluble protein increase with excess of HMs in different levels, and also the excess of HMs significantly decreases the photosynthesis properties. Moreover, the results obtained by morphological indices showed that low concentration of HMs increases both percentage of shoot length and percentage of emerge plants at all three kinds of HMs, but observe a downward trend with excess of heavy metal in 1000 mg/kg and 2000 mg/kg. Overall, in “Sasa kongosanensis f. aureo – striatus, results indicated that low concentration of HMs (500 mg/kg) can help the plant growth, while excess of HMs (1000-2000 mg/kg) alleviates the plant growth. On the other hand, Pb revealed the lowest antioxidant *e-mail: ylding@vip.163. com DOI: 10.15244/pjoes/65367 586 Emamverdian A. , Ding Y.
Implementation and Evaluation of a Traffic Light Assistance System Based on V2I Communication in a Simulation Framework

Cooperative Intelligent Transportation Systems (C-ITS) make the exchange of information possible through cooperative systems that broadcast traffic data to enhance road safety. Traffic light assistance (TLA) systems in particular utilize real-time traffic light timing data by accessing the information directly from the traffic management center. To test the reliability of a TLA system based on networked intervehicular interaction with infrastructure, we present in this paper an approach to perform theoretical studies in a lab-controlled scenario. The proposed system retrieves the traffic light timing program within a range in order to calculate the optimal speed while approaching an intersection and shows a recommended velocity based on the vehicle’s current acceleration and speed, phase state of the traffic light, and remaining phase duration. Results show an increase in driving efficiency in the form of improvement of traffic flow, reduced gas emissions, and waiting time at traffic lights after the drivers adjusted their velocity to the speed calculated by the system.