Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Superposition and Constructions of Graphs Without Nowhere-zero k-flows

Using multi-terminal networks we build methods on constructing graphs without nowhere-zero group- and integer-valued flows. In this way we unify known constructions of snarks (nontrivial cubic graphs without edge- 3-colorings, or equivalently, without nowhere-zero 4-flows) and provide new ones in the same process. Our methods also imply new complexity results about nowhere-zero flows in graphs and state equivalences of Tutte? s 3- and 5-flow conjectures with formally weaker statements.
Endogenous Formation of Coalitions

We develop a model of coalition formation based on personal proximities among the players of an n-person game. Several examples are worked out in detail, showing that certain coalitions are much more stable than others, and/or much more likely to form than others. We also consider the dynamics of such coalition-formation. By a numerical example, we show that small changes in the initial conditions can lead to very different results in the coalitions formed in a given game.
Finding RkNN Straightforwardly with Large Secondary Storage

In this paper, we proposes an efficient algorithm for finding reverse k nearest neighbor (RkNN) search. Given a set V of objects and a query object q, a RkNN query returns a subset of V such that each element of the subset has q as its kNN member according to a certain similarity metric. Early methods pre-compute NN of each data objects and find RNN. Recent methods introduce index based on the mutual distance between two objects. Our method can find RkNN for any k straightforwardly with constant running cost. It can be applied to any RkNN searches whenever the mutual distance between objects can be figured out. It does not require the triangle inequality even. It is also based on pre-compute information, under the assumptions that secondary storage (hard disk drive) is cheap and the current computers are powerful enough so their spare power can be used to update data offline. We evaluate the efficiency and effectiveness of the proposed method.
Evaluation of a pilot hospital-based community program implementing fitness and nutrition education for overweight children.

PURPOSE Evaluate the effect of the Kids Living Fit hospital-based intervention on body mass index (BMI) percentile, adjusted for age (months) and gender in children ages 8-12 years with BMI percentiles > or = 85. DESIGN AND METHODS Twelve weekly exercise sessions and three nutrition presentations were held. Nurses recorded BMI and waist circumference at baseline, week 12, and week 24. Participants completed food and activity diaries. RESULTS Of the 32 participants enrolled, 16 completed all outcome measures and experienced a decrease in average BMI, BMI percentile, and waist circumference between baseline and weeks 12 and 24. PRACTICE IMPLICATIONS Hospitals can offer exercise and nutrition programs to decrease childhood obesity in their communities.
Seasonal Metal Distribution in Ondo Coastal Sediment, Nigeria

The distribution of heavy metals in streambed sediment from an oil-producing region in Nigeria has been examined between the two distinct seasons (dry and wet). The highest mean concentration during the dry season (wet season in brackets) was 2083.3±355.5 (2264.2±347.3)mg/kg Cu and 0.16±0.06 (0.19±0.09)mg/kg Zn respectively. With similar patterns at both seasons, the order of increasing concentration was Zn season. Elevated concentration of Cu in the study was attributable to the nature of Nigerian soil. However, the impact of oil related activities within the study r egion may be contributing to the levels of other metals, particularly Pb. Significant correlations ( r = 0.05; 0.01) were record ed between some of the metals, pH and %clay in the mud fraction. Cadmium vs Ni and Cu vs Ni were both significant at both seasons. The clay fraction of the mud were significantly correlated with Pb (r = 0.949), Cd (r = 0.749) ad Ni (r = 0.869). The partition coefficient data showed that several f actors controlled the adsorption of metals unto the sediment. Comparison of sediment with guideline values indicated anthropogenic enrichment but it was considered that only Cu, and possibly Pb pose potential threats to the ecology of the area.
Purification and Characterization of 6-Chlorohydroxyquinol 1 , 2-Dioxygenase from Streptomyces rochei 303 : Comparison with an Analogous Enzyme from Azotobacter sp . Strain GP 1

The enzyme which cleaves the benzene ring of 6-chlorohydroxyquinol was purified to apparent homogeneity from an extract of 2,4,6-trichlorophenol-grown cells of Streptomyces rochei 303. Like the analogous enzyme from Azotobacter sp. strain GP1, it exhibited a highly restricted substrate specificity and was able to cleave only 6-chlorohydroxyquinol and hydroxyquinol and not catechol, chlorinated catechols, or pyrogallol. No extradiolcleaving activity was observed. In contrast to 6-chlorohydroxyquinol 1,2-dioxygenase from Azotobacter sp. strain GP1, the S. rochei enzyme had a distinct preference for 6-chlorohydroxyquinol over hydroxyquinol (kcat/Km 5 1.2 and 0.57 s z mM, respectively). The enzyme from S. rochei appears to be a dimer of two identical 31-kDa subunits. It is a colored protein and was found to contain 1 mol of iron per mol of enzyme. The NH2-terminal amino acid sequences of 6-chlorohydroxyquinol 1,2-dioxygenase from S. rochei 303 and from Azotobacter sp. strain GP1 showed a high degree of similarity.
Silicone Foul Release Coatings: Effect of the Interaction of Oil and Coating Functionalities on the Magnitude of Macrofouling Attachment Strengths

Silicone biofouling release coatings have been shown to be an effective method of combating fouling. Nearly all silicone foul release coatings are augmented with an oil additive to decrease macrofouling attachment strength. This paper addresses the effect of the type of oil that is incorporated into the silicone coating and the type of silicone coating itself (silica vs calcium carbonate filled) on macrofouling adhesion strengths to the coating. It was found that not only are the main effects of oil type and silicone coating type important in determining the magnitude of the attachment strength of the organism, but the interaction term (oil type crossed with coating type) is highly significant for all organisms studied, except oysters at the University of Hawaii test site (Oahu, Hawaii) which has a significance level of f =0.1. Each of the organisms exhibited a unique response to the various silicone fouling release coatings. Thus, in order to predict the effectives of foul release coatings, the composition variables of the coatings and the type of target organisms must be considered.
Kinetic analysis of propranolol‐induced impairment of its own metabolism in rats

Abstract— The effect of repetitive oral administration of propranolol (100 mg kg−1 day−1, 5 days) on the kinetics of liver microsomal propranolol metabolism was investigated in the rat. Vmax values of the high‐affinity phase for biphasic kinetics of propranolol 4‐ and 5‐ hydroxylase activities were decreased by propranolol pretreatment, while those of the low‐affinity phase were unchanged. The Vmax value of monophasic 7‐hydroxylase activity was also decreased. On the other hand, the Vmax value of N‐desisopropylase activity in the propranolol‐treated rats was increased more than 2‐fold compared with non‐treated (control) rats, resulting in a change from monophasic in control rats to biphasic kinetics in propranolol‐treated rats. These findings indicate that repetitive administration of propranolol selectively impairs a CYP2D isozyme that is involved in the high‐affinity phases for propranolol ring‐hydroxylations.
Patterns and Determinants of Breast and Cervical Cancer Non-Screening Among Appalachian Women

Breast and cervical cancer account for nearly one-third of new cancer cases and one-sixth of cancer deaths. Cancer, the second leading cause of all deaths in the United States, will claim the lives of nearly 800,000 women this year, which is particularly unfortunate because effective modes of early detection could significantly reduce mortality from breast and cervical cancer. Researchers examined patterns of non-screening among Appalachian women. In-person interviews were conducted with 222 Appalachian women who fell outside of screening recommendations for timing of Pap tests and mammograms. These women, from six Appalachian counties, were participating in a group-randomized, multi-component trial aimed at increasing adherence to cancer screening recommendations. Results indicated that participants who were rarely or never screened for breast cancer were also likely to be rarely or never screened for cervical cancer. In addition, four key barriers were identified as independently and significantly associated with being rarely or never screened for both cervical and breast cancer. An improved understanding of cancer screening patterns plus the barriers underlying lack of screening may move researchers closer to developing effective interventions that facilitate women's use of screening.
Stem cells, telomerase and dyskeratosis congenita

Dyskeratosis congenita is a rare skin and bone marrow failure syndrome caused by defective telomere maintenance in stem cells. The major X‐linked form of the disease is due to mutations in a nucleolar protein, dyskerin, that is part of small nucleolar ribonucleoprotein particles that are involved in processing ribosomal RNA. It is also found in the telomerase complex, pointing to an unexpected link between these two processes. An autosomal dominant form is due to mutations in the RNA component of telomerase (hTR). Patients with this form of the disease are more severely affected in later generations that carry the mutations, possibly due to the inheritance of shortened telomeres, disguising the inherited nature of the disease in some cases classified as aplastic anemia. Because of the importance of telomerase in tumour formation and aging, study of this disease may provide important clues about these fundamental processes. BioEssays 25:126–133, 2003. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Countertransference management and therapy outcome: an initial evaluation.

The relationship between therapist countertransference management ability and therapy outcome was examined. Participants were 32 therapist-trainees and their clinical supervisors. Supervisors completed the Countertransference Factors Inventory (CFI) with regard to their supervisees. The CFI assesses five therapist characteristics thought to comprise countertransference management: Self-Insight, Self-Integration, Anxiety Management, Empathy, and Conceptualizing Skills. Both trainees and their supervisors rated the degree of improvement for each client seen in therapy. Results indicated that the CFI total score and the subscales of Anxiety Management and Conceptualizing Skills were positively related to both trainee and supervisor ratings of outcome; Self-Integration was related to trainee, but not supervisor, outcome ratings.
CNT/graphene technologies for future carbon-based interconnects

With the aim of achieving low-power consumption, high-performance LSIs, our work focuses on the development of low-resistance carbon nanotube (CNT)/graphene interconnect technologies. For vertical interconnects, we report on a previously unseen dense vertical and horizontal graphene (DVHG) structure, which is expected to lead to a low electrical resistance. For horizontal interconnects, we have succeeded in forming multi-layer graphene (MLG) directly on SiO2 by annealing sputtered amorphous carbon. Furthermore, achieving low-resistance contacts between the vertical CNTs and horizontal graphene represents a critical issue for 3D interconnects. We grew vertically aligned CNTs on MLG, and analyzed the contact structure using cross-sectional TEM-EELS measurements. Migration of Ti and Co into the graphene layers was clearly observed. This may contribute to the reduction of contact resistance between CNTs and graphene.
Perceived Likelihood of Experiencing a Desirable versus Undesirable Outcome

In each of 6 studies, some participants were informed that the consumption of certain foods prevents diet-related heart disease; then, they estimated their likelihood of avoiding the disease. Others were informed that failing to consume the same foods contributes to diet-related heart disease; then, they estimated their likelihood of developing the disease. The undesirable outcome was always perceived as less likely than the desirable one. The findings are contrasted with those reported by Bilgin. The difference between the two sets of findings may point to the role event controllability plays in the generation of optimism via motivated reasoning.
Photoluminescence quenching of conjugated polymer nanocomposites for gamma ray detection

The high atomic number of bismuth iodide and the high-sensitivity photoluminescence quenching of conjugated polymers are leveraged in their nanocomposites for the detection of high-energy photons. With the introduction of oleylamine, the composites can be processed from solutions in organic solvent into high-quality films containing as much as 50 wt% BiI3. BiI3 in the resulting ternary composites is dispersed on a nanoscale or smaller, allowing the formation of transparent composites. Oleylamine was found to form an interfacial layer between the polymer matrix and BiI3 nanodomains to block charge transfer between BiI3 and the polymer. Upon gamma ray exposure, the luminescent intensity of the ternary composites decreased linearly with the radiation dosage.
Sub-band text-to-speech combining sample-based spectrum with statistically generated spectrum

As described in this paper, we propose a sub-band speech synthesis approach to develop a high quality Text-to-Speech (TTS) system: a sample-based spectrum is used in the high-frequency band and spectrum generated by HMM-based TTS is used in the low-frequency band. Herein, sample-based spectrum means spectrum selected from a phoneme database such that it is the most similar to spectrum generated by HMM-based speech synthesis. A key idea is to compensate over-smoothing caused by statistical procedures by introducing a sample-based spectrum, especially in the high-frequency band. Listening test results show that the proposed method has better performance than HMM-based speech synthesis in terms of clarity. It is at the same level as HMM-based speech synthesis in terms of smoothness. In addition, preference test results among the proposed method, HMM-based speech synthesis, and waveform speech synthesis using 80 min speech data reveal that the proposed method is the most liked.
The Liver Is a Major Organ for Clearing Simian Immunodeficiency Virus in Rhesus Monkeys

ABSTRACT Infection with human or simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) is characterized by the rapid turnover of both viral particles and productively infected cells. It has recently been reported that the clearance of SIV in vivo is exceedingly fast, with half-lives on the order of minutes. The underlying mechanism or site responsible for this rapid clearance, however, remains unknown. To investigate this issue, we chose to infuse infectious SIVmac239 grown from autologous peripheral blood mononuclear cells that were radioactively labeled by [35S]methionine and [35S]cysteine. This approach eliminates from the viral membrane alloantigens that may have a significant impact on viral clearance. In addition, this approach also permits identification of the sites of viral clearance by measuring the radioactive intensity, even if degradation of SIV RNA occurs in tissues. We now report that the half-life of infused SIV in blood is extremely close to estimates from a previous study, in which unlabeled SIV grown in a heterologous cell line was used. The allogeneic effect due to the presence of human antigens on the surfaces of virions may, therefore, play a minimal role in the high rate of virion clearance. Moreover, close to 30% of infused radioactivity was found in the liver and measureable amounts were detected in the lungs (5.4%), lymph nodes (3.0%), and spleen (0.4%). The detection of a significant proportion of infused virus in the liver suggests that viral clearance from circulation is mediated by a common, nonspecific mechanism, such as the phagocytic functions of the reticuloendothelial system. The rapid clearance and degradation of exogenously infused virions may pose a major obstacle for gene therapy with viral vectors, unless strategies to overcome the rapid in vivo elimination of these particles are developed.
Real-time and Personalized Search over a Microblogging System

As the microblogging systems such as Twitter and Sina Weibo become more and more popular in recent years, the requirement for real-time and personalized search over microblogging systems also becomes more important. In general, a user may expect a quick response that also satisfies her personalized requirements. Unfortunately, since there exist a huge number of users and massive updating microblogs in a microblogging system, personalized search on the system becomes a challenging task. In this paper, we design a new search engine containing four modules to infer the topics of microblogs and update the interests of users, build indexes efficiently, return microblogs for a keyword search, and personalize the order of microblogs respectively. We also conduct a series of experiments on a real dataset to illustrate the effectiveness and efficiency of the proposed methods.
Design optimization of coupled inductor multiphase synchronous buck converter

In this paper a detailed design optimization technique for multiphase synchronous buck converters is discussed. As the voltage regulator modules (VRMs) for future microprocessors require power delivery at high frequency, low voltage and high current, it is shown that, coupled inductor technique is well suited. As there is no method existing to pre estimate the losses and hence the efficiency of the DC-DC converter, a new method with a new coupled core structure is proposed and analyzed. It is possible to reduce the ripple by nearly 20% and by optimization it is shown that, a total loss reduction of nearly 30% is possible by going for this type of coupling. Thus, the improvement in efficiency is expected to be around 3%. A numerical optimization of the magnetic core is carried out on a 20 A, 50 KHz, 12/1.1 volt designs
Real-field performance of multiple-beam beam-former with polarization compensation

In the present paper we introduce the architecture of a hybrid digital / analog beam-forming with polarization compensation. To evaluate the performance of this architecture we use double-directional, ultra wideband dual-polarized channel measurements at 70 GHz that have been carried out in a small-office environment scenario at the TU Ilmenau. Different positions of Tx and Rx have been measured using horn antennas. The channel impulse responses (CIR) have been processed to emulate a communication system with analog beam-forming capabilities. A single data stream adopting single beam and multi-beam beam-forming strategies has been tested with the measured data, showing an improvement in performance achieved by adopting such an architecture.
Previous percutaneous coronary intervention may increase symptom recurrence and adverse cardiac events following surgical revascularization.

Dear Editor, With great interest we read the recently published original investigation by Gürbüz et al. in the June issue of the Anatolian Journal of Cardiology (1). Former percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) is supposed to be a new, independent risk factor for a negative outcome after coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG). The authors retrospectively analysed 611 patients, who underwent CABG. The number of patients who developed angina despite an initially successful CABG was significantly increased in patients with a history of prior PCI with 11.6 % compared with 2.9 % without PCI. Furthermore, Gürbüz et al. (1) revealed a higher rate of myocardial infarction (4.7 PCI group vs. 1.0 % no PCI group), surgical reintervention (12.1 vs. 2.1%), cardiovascular events (3.2 vs. 0.5%), sudden cardiac death (2.6%/0.5%) and death (10.0%/3.6%) during a follow up of 29 months. Interestingly, Thielmann et al. confirmed these observations (2). In a single centre study, these investigators showed a threefold higher perioperative risk for in-hospital mortality and a twofold higher risk for major adverse cardiovascular events during subsequent elective bypass surgery for patients with previous PCI (2). However, some issues are worth to mention: First, in both trials a notably selection bias has to be considered. Patients with prior PCI might have a more progressive coronary artery disease (CAD). Coronary artery bypass grafting provides improved reperfusion, but is not able to inhibit the progress of arteriosclerosis. In that respect, the need for CABG after PCI might be a surrogate for rapid progression of CAD. Some other questions are not specified: What was the reason for CABG after PCI e.g. thrombotic occlusion, restenosis or de novo stenosis? What was the reason for the initial PCI e.g. stable or unstable angina or myocardial infarction? Was PCI perhaps the inadequate therapy and CABG performed not on time? All these concerns may have an impact on cardiovascular outcome of these patients. Second, as we have learnt from large clinical trials, diabetes and hyperlipoproteinemia are known as significant predictors for worse outcome (3,4). However, in Gürbüz ́ study, a significantly higher incidence of hyperlipidemia (56.5 %) and diabetes (21.9 %) in the no PCI/CABG group, who had a lower mortality and less adverse cardiovascular events compared to 26.8 % and 11.1% in the PCI/CABG group, was reported. Although only patients were included in the analysis, who survived the first 30 days, an extraordinary high mortality rate (10%) was reported in the PCI/CABG group. Using registry data, the total (including first 30 days after CABG) perioperative and in-hospital mortality averages about 2 to 5% for all patients in the United States (5,6) and 7% in Brazil (7). In conclusion: In our opinion the message is not as simple as declared. Further investigations need to be done to optimize the use and timing of PCI. With the advent of drug eluting stents the number of postinterventional complications may decrease.