Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A Combination of Peppermint Oil and Caraway Oil for the Treatment of Functional Dyspepsia: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

A combination of peppermint oil and caraway oil (POCO) with its unique properties has been shown clinical benefits for FD. However, the potent statistical data to confirm its effects are lacking. This meta-analysis thus aimed at evaluating the efficacy and safety of POCO compared with placebo in treating patients with FD. We searched CENTRAL, PubMed, EMBASE (Ovid), Web of Science, Google Scholar, China National Knowledge Infrastructure database, Wanfang, and VIP databases for randomized clinical trials (RCTs) up to June 2019. Dichotomous data were shown as a risk ratio (RR) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs). All data were analyzed by Review Manager 5.2 software. The search identified 382 citations, and 5 RCTs (578 participants) were included. POCO showed a statistically significant effect in global improvement of FD symptoms (RR for not much or very much improvement 0.59, 95% CI: 0.49 to 0.71, P < 0.00001, I2 36%, NNT 3) and improvement in epigastric pain (RR 1.61, 95% CI: 1.28 to 2.03, P < 0.0001, I2 0%, NNT 3). There were no significant differences in the total number of adverse events between POCO and placebo (NNH 40). In conclusion, this is the first meta-analysis to assess the effects of POCO in FD. POCO is an effective and safe short-term treatment for FD. However, current findings are based on smaller sample sizes and low/very low quality of the evidence. More well-designed RCTs with large sample sizes of FD patients are required.
Residency training: Why Army optometrists need it and how the Army would benefit

Army optometrists have war and peace time demands that would be best handled by residency trained optometrists. The needs and benefits of having residency trained individuals were obtained from information gathered by questionnaires which were sent to optometrists who served in Viet Nam (VN) and Operation Desert Storm (ODS), along with the Chiefs of each Army optometry clinic, Optometry College/School Residency Directors and the Director, Optometry Service, Department of Veterans Affairs (VA). Additional supporting evidence was gathered from the Army and the literature. In spite of the broad clinical practices performed by Army optometrists during peace time, about 50% used new medications, performed new procedures and treated new patient conditions during Operation Desert Storm. Eighty-eight percent of the VN OD's and 69% of the ODS OD's stated a residency program would have better prepared them for their war time mission. Significant cost savings have been documented with the reduction of referrals by a residency trained Army optometrist. Although 79% of the residency directors stated that their residents received nothing new beyond the four year optometry program, there were many matches between the Army optometrists' needs and the residency training. Degree Type Dissertation Rights Terms of use for work posted in CommonKnowledge. This dissertation is available at CommonKnowledge: https://commons.pacificu.edu/opt/1323 Copyright and terms of use If you have downloaded this document directly from the web or from CommonKnowledge, see the “Rights” section on the previous page for the terms of use. If you have received this document through an interlibrary loan/document delivery service, the following terms of use apply: Copyright in this work is held by the author(s). You may download or print any portion of this document for personal use only, or for any use that is allowed by fair use (Title 17, §107 U.S.C.). Except for personal or fair use, you or your borrowing library may not reproduce, remix, republish, post, transmit, or distribute this document, or any portion thereof, without the permission of the copyright owner. [Note: If this document is licensed under a Creative Commons license (see “Rights” on the previous page) which allows broader usage rights, your use is governed by the terms of that license. ] Inquiries regarding further use of these materials should be addressed to: CommonKnowledge Rights, Pacific University Library, 2043 College Way, Forest Grove, OR 97116, (503) 352-7209. Email inquiries may be directed to:. copyright@pacificu.edu This dissertation is available at CommonKnowledge: https://commons.pacificu.edu/opt/1323 RESIDENCY TRAINING: WHY ARMY OPTOMETRISTS NEED IT AND HOW THE ARMY WOULD BENEFIT
Assess the performance of the diagnosis ways of diabetic retinopathy

Considered the diagnosis of diseases using image processing is one of the most important areas of image processing techniques used in the medical field, where is the digital data in the field of ophthalmology focus of researchers for automatic detection of some important diseases such as diabetic retinopathy (DR). And is defined as damage to the retina of the eye comes as serious complications and on the human body complications resulting from diabetes in the long term and is considered one of the most important causes of blindness in the world and cause serious damage to the retina. The research aims to Assess the performance of some of the methods used in the diagnosis of diabetic retinopathy by revealing one of the most important accompanying pests him in the retina of the eye and is the exudates and through diagnosed in images digital fundus through image processing techniques where this detection process contributes in helping to early detection.
Influence of Exposures, Benefits, and Barriers Toward OTC Medicine Behavior

This study examines factors affecting consumer behavior toward the use of over the counter (OTC) medicine, including the perceived benefits and barriers affecting their use of OTC and herbal medicines. Variables used in this research are based on the existing Health Belief Model and its derivatives, particularly the result from Jones, et al. (2016) that includes how variables including barriers, benefits, perceived efficacy, and threats influenced behavior regarding the H1N1 vaccine campaign. Focus Group Discussion to 4 OTC and NonOTC users groups showed that exposure, benefits, and barriers influence consumer behavior toward OTC and non-OTC (herbal) medicines but that efficacy and threats were not significant factors affecting the use of OTC medicines. The focus group discussion results were reconfirmed based on 404 responses to a questionnaire using convenience sampling through digital media. Quantitative results were statistically tested using a Structural Equation Model (SEM) to determine the influence of and the relationship between benefits, barriers, and perceived trust as they affect behavior toward OTC medicine. The study shows that both perceived benefit and perceived barriers significantly influence behavior both for OTC and herbal medicines while variables regarding perceived trust and exposure do not have a significant impact on the use of OTC or herbal medicines. Keywords—health belief model, exposure, health information, barrier, benefit, behavior, OTC, Non-OTC, herbal, Structural Equation Modelling
Calculation of staheli's plantar arch index and prevalence of flat feet: a study with 100 children aged 5-9 years

The authors studied 100 normal children from the general population of both genders with ages ranging from 5 to 9 years old in order to evaluate the plantar arch index and the flat-feet prevalence. The flat-feet evaluation was obtained by means of the footprint and the plantar arch index (IP), which establishes the ratio between central and posterior regions of this footprint, determining a mean IP and a limit to the flat-foot. They conclude that the plantar arch index is easy to obtain from footprints and that there are no differences in terms of gender or age. The mean values of the plantar arch index within this age group are stable and range from 0.61 to 0.67, with plantar arch indexes greater than 1.15 being regarded as flat feet.
AVALIAÇÃO NUTRICIONAL E DESENVOLVIMENTO PONDO ESTATURAL DE CRIANÇAS FALCÊMICAS NO NORDESTE DO BRASIL Nutritional assessment and weight-height development of sickle cell children in Northeast Brazil

RESUMO Objetivo: Avaliar o desenvolvimento pondo-estatural e o per? l nutricional de uma amostra de populacao infantil portadora de anemia falciforme (GE), relacionando-o com os niveis sericos de zinco e a idade ossea, comparados a um grupo de criancas eutro? cas (GC) da mesma regiao do Nordeste do Brasil. Metodos : Estudaram-se 66 criancas portadoras de anemia falciforme (GE) e 50 eutro? cas (GC). O estado nutricional foi avaliado utilizando os indices de Rohrer, Escore Z para peso e altura para a idade e indice de massa corporal (IMC). O nivel de zinco serico (SZn), a velocidade de crescimento (VC) e a idade ossea (IO) foram avaliados utilizando-se os padroes do Nacional Center for Health Statistics (NCHS) e os dados obtidos da avaliacao do GC. Resultados : Os dois grupos apresentaram Indices de Rohrer semelhantes. O GE apresentou escore Z para peso e altura para a idade e o IMC a niveis de hipodesenvolvimento com signi? cância estatistica. A VC e a IO tambem foram mais baixas no GE. O SZn medio no GE foi signi? cativamente mais baixo que no GC. Conclusao : As criancas portadoras de anemia falciforme estudadas nasceram com estatura normal, em seguida ocorreu uma queda signi? cativa no desenvolvimento pondo-estatural, que pode estar relacionado a estados de desnutricao, a atraso na idade ossea, uma menor velocidade de crescimento e a piores niveis sericos de zinco. Descritores : anemia falciforme; crescimento; desenvolvimento infantil; desnutricao e zinco.
Η περιπέτεια της ενηλικίωσης

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1RS-7DS.7DL小麦-黑麦小片段易位系的鉴定

Rye (Secale cereale L., RR) is a valuable genetic resource for the improvement of common wheat (Triticum aestivum L., AABBDD). Transferring alien rye genes into wheat by distant hybridization and automatic chromosome doubling is an important and efficient method to boost agronomic traits, disease resistance and widening the gene pool in wheat. In this study, an octoploid triticale CD-13 (AABBDDRR) was obtained via automatic chromosome doubling by crossing landrace Penganbaimaizi (T. aestivum L., AABBDD) and rye "Qinling rye" (S. cereale cv. Qinling, RR). GISH and FISH analyses indicated that CD-13 contained a 1RS-7DS.7DL wheat-rye small segment translocation chromosome. In order to transfer the 1RS-7DS small segment translocation into hexaploid wheat, 58 lines of the F5 inbred population from the cross CD-13 x Chuanmai 42 were screened for rye chromosome segments by GISH and FISH analyses. The results showed that 13 lines contained the 1RS-7DS.7DL small segment translocation chromosome by reciprocal translocation between 1RS and 7DS. These translocation lines carrying 1RS small rye alien segment were tested for the translocation breakpoints and the presence of a storage protein locus Sec-1. The Sec-1 locus was absent in the line 811, a stable 1RS-7DS.7DL small segment translocation line. The translocation breakpoint of 1RS-7DS.7DL of this line was located in the interval of IB267-IAG95 around the telomere of 1RS chromosome. Thousand-kernel weight of the line 811 was much higher than the parent CD-13, but not significantly different from Chuanmai 42. This indicated that 1RS-7DS.7DL small segment translocation had no negative effect on thousand-kernel weight in the genetic background of Chuanmai 42. The line with 1RS-7DS.7DL translocation chromosomes can be used as a new genetic material for further studies of valuable genes and their genetic effect on 1RS small segment.
Auditory interneurones in the metathoracic ganglion of the grasshopper Chorthippus biguttulus. II: Processing of temporal patterns of the song of the male

Summary 1. Auditory interneurones originating in the metathoracic ganglion of females of the grasshopper Chorthippus biguttulus were investigated with respect to their processing of models of the male's song. In these models two temporal configurations were varied: (i) the song pattern, consisting of 'syllables' and 'pauses', and (ii) the duration of short gaps within syllables. 2. A precise encoding of the song pattern is found only among receptors and 'thoracic' neurones (SN1, TNI), but not among ascending neurones. The only ascending neurone that reacts tonically at all intensities (AN6) encodes the song pattern much less precisely than do receptors. Other ascending neurones (AN3, AN11) encode the gross pattern of model songs, but only at low intensities. 3. One spontaneously active 'local' neurone (SN6) is tonically inhibited and encodes the pauses of a model song. A similar response, however, is not found in three ascending neurones (AN13, AN14, AN15), which are merely inhibited. 4. Among ascending neurones, AN12 is the most reliably influenced by the syllable-pause structure of the songs. Its phasic burst marks the onset of every syllable in a behaviourally attractive song. Its activity could account for the rising part of the corresponding behavioural response curve. However, no ascending neurone shows activity corresponding to the falling part of the behavioural response. Among local neurones, the phasic BSN1 neurones are most clearly influenced by varying syllable-pause combinations. 5. Gaps within the song syllables cause a complete inhibition of the activity of AN4. The response of AN4 to syllables with and without gaps is strikingly similar to the behavioural response and is maintained over the whole intensity range tested. Several local neurones, especially SN6, are strongly influenced by gaps within model songs - though only in certain intensity ranges. 6. In accordance with behavioural results, the pathways for information on
Selección de Cepas de Hongos Entomopatógenos para el Manejo de Anastrepha obliqua (Macquart, 1835) (Diptera: Tephritidae) en Colombia

Se evaluaron 15 cepas de los hongos entomopatogenos Beauveria bassiana y Metarhizium anisopliae sobre adultos de un dia de edad de la mosca de la fruta Anastrepha obliqua. El trabajo se realizo con el fin de seleccionar las cepas mas virulentas al insecto y estudiar el efecto sobre los adultos jovenes cuando el hongo era aplicado antes de la emergencia. Mediante un screening con una concentracion de 1x107 conidias/mL se seleccionaron las tres cepas mas virulentas, siendo dos de ellas de Beauveria y una de Metarhizium, las cuales causaron mortalidades del 77%, 71% y 66%. Valores de CL50 de 2,38x106, 1,81x106 y 9,94x106 conidias/mL, respectivamente, fueron determinados para cada una de estas cepas y un TL50 respectivo de 48,12; 56 y 42,75 horas. No se encontraron diferencias significativas en la mortalidad entre hembras y machos. La aspersion de la CL90 de las cepas seleccionadas sobre el medio de pupacion de la mosca de la fruta produjo 34-48% de mortalidad durante las 120 horas de evaluacion. Los hongos entomopatogenos pueden ser utilizados facilmente para el control biologico de A. obliqua aplicandolos de manera dirigida a los adultos jovenes bajo la copa de los arboles, en programas de manejo integrado de plagas.
Isolation of tumor-specific cytotoxic CD4+ and CD4+CD8dim+ T-cell clones infiltrating a cutaneous T-cell lymphoma

We have isolated several T-cell clones from lymphocytes infiltrating a human major histocompatibility class (MHC) II negative cutaneous T-cell lymphoma (CTCL). We describe here two of these clones, TC5 and TC7, with, respectively, a CD4(+)CD8dim+ and CD4(+)CD8(-) phenotype. Both clones mediated a specific MHC class I-restricted cytotoxic activity toward the fresh autologous tumor cells, and autologous tumor cell lines previously established with interleukin-2 (IL-2) and IL-7 from the skin and from the blood. Analysis of the T-cell receptor (TCR) Vbeta gene expression showed that the tumor cells, which were shown to have a trisomy 7 by fluorescent in situ hybridization, expressed Vbeta7/Jbeta2.3, Vbeta13/Jbeta2.5, and Vbeta22/Jbeta2.5 rearrangements. Phenotypic analysis using specific anti-Vbeta monoclonal antibodies indicated that only Vbeta13 could be detected on the cell membrane of the tumor cells. Analysis of the TCR Vbeta gene expression of the clones showed that TC5 and TC7 expressed a unique TCR-Vbeta transcript, corresponding, respectively, to Vbeta5/Jbeta2.3 and Vbeta17/Jbeta2.7 gene segments. To determine whether these reactive T lymphocytes were present in vivo, we used specific primers corresponding to TC5- and TC7-Vbeta TCR transcripts. The results showed that both cytotoxic T-cell clones were present at the lesional skin site and amplified in vitro. TC7 was found in the patient peripheral blood invaded by tumoral cells, whereas TC5 was not, indicating that the repertoire of the reactional lymphocytes differs in the blood and at the tumor site. These results show for the first time the presence of reactive T lymphocytes with CD4 or double-positive phenotype infiltrating a CTCL. These findings raise the question of the role of these antitumoral effector T cells in the tumor growth.
Structural requirement of the calcium-channel subunit α2δ for gabapentin binding

Gabapentin [Neurontin, 1-(aminomethyl)cyclohexaneacetic acid] is a novel anticonvulsant drug with a high binding affinity for the Ca 2+ -channel subunit α 2 δ. In this study, the gabapentin-binding properties of wild-type and mutated porcine brain α 2 δ proteins were investigated. Removal of the disulphide bonds between the α 2 and the δ subunits did not result in a significant loss of gabapentin binding, suggesting that the disulphide linkage between the two subunits is not required for binding. Singly expressed α 2 protein remained membrane associated. However, α 2 alone was unable to bind gabapentin, unless the cells were concurrently transfected with the expression vector for δ, suggesting that both α 2 and δ are required for gabapentin binding. Using internal deletion mutagenesis, we mapped two regions [amino acid residues 339-365 (δF) and 875-905 (δJ)] within the α 2 subunit that are not required for gabapentin binding. Further, deletion of three other individual regions [amino acid residues 206-222 (δD), 516-537 (δH) and 583-603 (δI)] within the α 2 subunit disrupted gabapentin binding, suggesting the structural importance of these regions. Using alanine to replace four to six amino acid residues in each of these regions abolished gabapentin binding. These results demonstrate that region D, between the N-terminal end and the first putative transmembrane domain of α 2 , and regions H and I, between the putative splicing acceptor sites (Gln 511 and Ser 601 ), may play important roles in maintaining the structural integrity for gabapentin binding. Further single amino acid replacement mutagenesis within these regions identified Arg 217 as critical for gabapentin binding.
Spatial Pattern Analysis in Plant Ecology: Spatial Pattern Analysis in Plant Ecology

Preface 1. Concepts of spatial pattern 2. Sampling 3. Basic methods for one dimension and one species 4. Spatial pattern of two species 5. Multispecies pattern 6. Two-dimensional analysis of spatial pattern 7. Point patterns 8. Pattern on an environmental gradient 9. Conclusions and future directions Bibliography Glossary of abbreviations List of plant species Index.
Lipoamide dehydrogenase from Azotobacter vinelandii: site directed mutagenesis of the his450-glu455 diad. Spectral properties of wild type and mutated enzymes.

Three amino acid residues in the active site of lipoamide dehydrogenase from Azotobacter vinelandii were replaced with other residues. His450, the active-site base, was replaced with Ser, Tyr or Phe. Pro451, from X-ray analysis found to be in cis conformation positioning the backbone carbonyl of His450 close to N3 of the flavin, was changed to Ala. Glu455, from X-ray analysis expected to be involved in modulating the pK, of the base (His450), was replaced with Asp and Gln. The general conclusion is that mutation of the His-Glu diad impairs intramolecular electron transfer between the disulfide/dithiol and the FADH-/FAD. The wild-type enzyme functions according to a ping-pong mechanism in the physiological reaction in which the formation of NADH is rate-limiting. Above pH 8.0 the enzyme is strongly inhibited by the product NADH. The pH dependence of the steady-state kinetics using the NAD' analog 3acetylpyridine adenine dinucleotide (AcPyAde') reveals a pK, of 8.1 in the pK, AcPyAde+ plot indicating that this pK, is related to the deprotonation of His450 [Benen, J., Berkel van, W. , Zak, Z. , Visser, T. , Veeger, C. & Kok de, A. (1991) Eur. J. Biochem. 202, 863-8721 and to the inhibition by NADH. The mutations considerably affect turnover. Enzymes with the mutations Pro451 + Ala, His450 + Phe and His450 + Tyr appear to be almost inactive in both directions. Enzyme His450 + Ser is minimally active, V at the pH optimum being 0.5% of wild-type activity in the physiological reaction. Rapid reaction kinetics show that for the His450-mutated enzymes the reductive half reaction using reduced 6,8-thioctic acid amide [Lip(SH),] is rate-limiting and extremely slow when compared to the wild-type enzyme. For enzyme Pro451 + Ala it is concluded that the loss of activity is due to over-reduction by Lip(SH)2 and NADH. The Glu455-mutated enzymes are catalytically competent but show strong inhibition by the product NADH (enzyme Glu455 + Asp more than Glu455 --t Gln). The inhibition can largely be overcome by using AcPyAde' instead of NAD' in the physiological reaction. The rapid reaction kinetics obtained for enzymes Glu455 +Asp and Glu455hGln deviate from the wild-type enzyme. It is concluded that this difference is due to cooperativity between the active sites in this dimeric enzyme. Rapid reaction kinetics of enzymes His450 + Ser and Glu455 + Gln show the existence of two intermediates at the two-electron reduced level: a species with the NAD' bound, the flavin reduced and the disulfide intact (oxidized) and a species with NAD' bound, the disulfide reduced and the flavin oxidized. No spectral evidence is obtained for the participation of a proposed flavin C4a adduct intermediate [Thorpe, C. & Williams, C. H. Jr (1981) Biochemistry 20, 1507- 15131 in the reaction mechanism of enzymes His450 + Ser and Glu455 + Gln.
Functional differentiation within radiate muscles

Radiate muscles differ to other structural classifications of muscles in that each fibre has a different line of action. Acting together, the muscles' fibres will draw the insertion towards a point on the origin which has a line of action equivalent to the sum of all the lines of action of the muscle. Acting alone or in combinations, the fibres would be able to produce a large number of motions previously unattainable to the entire muscle. If the Central Nervous System is able to selectively activate particular portions of the muscle to 'fine tune' the motion, the motion would be more efficient and more economical. As the selective activation would be occurring due to functional demands placed on the muscle it is referred to as functional differentiation. It was hypothesised that those fibres of a radiate muscle with a line of action most closely suited to a particular motion would predominate during that motion. To explore the concept further two radiate muscles were examined, Pectoralis Major and Latissimus Dorsi. Six electrodes were placed along the origin of the two muscles, then the electromyographic potentials were recorded as the subject performed a series of isometric contractions in different planes. The electromyographic potentials were integrated and then normalised. The normalised signals were then compared to determine if