Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Diagnosis of diabetes mellitus using artificial neural network and classification and regression tree optimized with genetic algorithm

Diabetes mellitus is one of the most important public health problems affecting millions of people worldwide. An early and accurate diagnosis of diabetes mellitus has critical importance for the medical treatments of patients. In this study, first, artificial neural network (ANN) and classification and regression tree (CART)‐based approaches are proposed for the diagnosis of diabetes. Hybrid ANN‐GA and CART‐GA approaches are then developed using a genetic algorithm (GA) to improve the classification accuracy of these approaches. Finally, the performances of the developed approaches are evaluated with a Pima Indian diabetes data set. Experimental results show that the developed hybrid CART‐GA approach outperforms the ANN, CART, and ANN‐GA approaches in terms of classification accuracy, and this approach provides an efficient methodology for diagnosis of diabetes mellitus.
Influence of global sea‐surface temperature on ultra‐low‐frequency variability in Indian summer monsoon rainfall

A multidecadal or ultra‐low‐frequency mode of variability in Indian summer monsoon rainfall (ISMR) with a spectral peak at nearly 67 years is identified using a nonparametric approach, namely, singular spectrum analysis. Not only does this mode modulate the seasonal mean rainfall over India, but also frequent occurrences of excess or below normal rainfall over India are favored by the phases of this mode. We show that 80% of all droughts occur during the negative phase of this mode, compared with 60% of all floods during its positive phase. Although the existence of this mode was reported in many previous studies, proper understanding of its exact nature and driving mechanism, and how it relates to global sea‐surface temperature (SST), is still not clear. Here, we show that the 67‐year variability in ISMR is associated with a SST mode of similar periodicity, which primarily exhibits a hemispheric SST difference, with the strongest signals over the northern Pacific and Atlantic. The positive phase of this SST mode induces low surface pressure over the northern Arabian Sea. Changes in surface pressure over the northern Arabian Sea govern changes in ISMR. The bridge between the SST mode and central Asian circulation is possibly established through the North Pacific Oscillation. The positive phase of this mode enhances the meridional temperature gradient over India, which acts to strengthen the tropical easterly jet, and subsequently the low‐level westerly jet over India. These lead to a negative surface pressure anomaly over the Indian subcontinent and an associated anomalous cyclonic circulation. The environment thus created is conducive to increased seasonal mean monsoon rainfall over India. The phase of the SST mode is remarkably similar to, and leading by 2–3 years, that of the multidecadal mode in ISMR up to the 1990s. However, the relationship weakens after the early 1990s.
Analysis and modeling of tooth-tip leakage fluxes in a radial-flux dual-stator machine with diametrically magnetized cylindrical permanent magnets

Tooth-tip Leakage flux (TLF) has a major effect on the prediction of air-gap flux distribution and electromagnetic torque in the permanent magnet (PM) machines. Therefore, deriving a model for TLF is necessary for machine design and optimization. Accurate modeling of TLF can lead to fast and precise solutions, which ease the analysis of electromagnetic devices. It also provides the opportunity to increase torque density by more efficient utilization of PM’s volume and prevent saturation in machine optimization. This paper presents a method for modeling and analyzing TLFs in a radial-flux dual-stator permanent magnet (DSPM) machine with diametrically magnetized cylindrical permanent magnets (DMCPM) in series and parallel magnetic circuit structures. In this model, some expressions in terms of machine dimensions are derived for the TLF analysis. Finite element method (FEM) is applied to validate the proposed model. Results indicate that the maximum error between the proposed model and FEM is insignificant (less than 6%). Finally, by a prototyped machine the validity of the proposed model was investigated with the experimental tests.
Health Literacy Tool Shed: A Source for Validated Health Literacy Instruments

ABSTRACT Assessing patients for health literacy levels can be an important tool in effective provider-patient communication and positive health care outcomes. A number of different assessment tools are available to health care providers and researchers. The Health Literacy Tool Shed is a convenient searchable database of validated health literacy instruments. Instruments can be searched by alphabetic title list, context, domain measured, and administration time, among others. Results include a description of the tool, references, and score validation criteria. Tools may be freely available online or may be requested from the creator of the evaluation instrument.
High‐gain nonlinear observer‐based impedance control for deformable object cooperative teleoperation with nonlinear contact model

Unmeasurable object deformation and local communication time delays between the slave robots influence the manipulation effect for multirobot multioperator teleoperation. In this article, a distributed control method based on high‐gain nonlinear observer, interactive identification, and impedance control is proposed for this problem. First, we use Hunt‐Crossley contact model and deduce the desired synchronizing object state in cooperative teleoperation. Second, an impedance item expressed by the internal position errors is presented to decrease object position tracking errors. For the unmeasurable object deformation, an interactive identification method is proposed for estimating unknown variables. Third, we consider both varying communication time delays and local time delays in the slave side. Two mirror high‐gain nonlinear observers are designed for estimating other slave robots' real‐time state. Finally, we build the system controllers and prove the stability of the closed‐loop system and the boundless of estimating errors using Lyapunov functions. Comparable simulation results executed by the physical system present that the position and internal force tracking errors of the object decrease in the designated cooperative tasks.
Epilepsy as a Pyridoxine-Dependent Condition: Quantitative Urinary Biomarkers of Epilepsy. Family Disorders of Pyridoxine Metabolism

The affected pyridoxine metabolism is discussed as an inborn genetic sign of epilepsy. In children with different forms of epilepsy and matched healthy controls, the urinary parameters of pyridoxal phosphate–dependent tryptophan degradation were measured by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) method with simultaneous ultraviolet and fluorimetric detection. Concentrations of compounds, which are formed in the course of tryptophan degradation, and correlations between them turned out to be quantitative biomarkers useful for evaluation of patient’s condition and monitoring individualized antiepileptic treatment. Accumulation of tryptophan, kynurenine, and neurotoxic 3-hydroxykynurenine, along with reduced kynureninase activity, is characteristic of epileptic patients. Growing progressively worse, epilepsy is accompanied by aggravation of pyridoxal phosphate–dependent disturbances of tryptophan metabolism and further inhibition of kynureninase. In asymptomatic first-degree relatives of epileptic probands, disorders of pyridoxine metabolism are of the same (or even higher) extent as in probands. Long-term pyridoxine treatment (7–10 mg/kg daily) is suggested as safe and effective protective replacement therapy. The protocols of this study have been approved by the ethics committee of Kaplan Hospital (Israel).
OPTIMAL ROUTE DEFINITION IN THE RAILWAY INFORMATION NETWORK USING NEURAL-FUZZY MODELS

Purpose. Modern algorithms for choosing the shortest route, for example, the Bellman-Ford and Dijkstra algorithms, which are currently widely used in existing routing protocols (RIP, OSPF), do not always lead to an effective result. Therefore, there is a need to study the possibility of organizing routing in in the railway network of information and telecommunication system (ITS) using the methods of artificial intelligence. Methodology. On the basis of the simulation model created in the OPNET modeling system a fragment of the ITS railway network was considered and the following samples were formed: training, testing, and control one. For modeling a neural-fuzzy network (hybrid system) in the the MatLAB system the following parameters are input: packet length (three term sets), traffic intensity (five term sets), and the number of intermediate routers that make up the route (four term sets). As the resulting characteristic, the time spent by the packet in the routers along its route in the ITS network (four term sets) was taken. On the basis of a certain time of packet residence in the routers and queue delays on the routers making up different paths (with the same number of the routers) the optimal route was determined. Findings. For the railway ITS fragment under consideration, a forecast was made of the packet residence time in the routers along its route based on the neural-fuzzy network created in the MatLAB system. The authors conducted the study of the average error of the neural-fuzzy network`s training with various membership functions and according to the different methods of training optimization. It was found that the smallest value of the average learning error is provided by the neuro-fuzzy network configuration 3–12–60–60–1 when using the symmetric Gaussian membership function according to the hybrid optimization method. Originality . According to the RIP and OSPF scenarios, the following characteristics were obtained on the simulation model created in the OPNET simulation system: average server load, average packet processing time by the router, average waiting time for packets in the queue, average number of lost packets, and network convergence time. It was determined that the best results are achieved by the simulation network model according to the OSPF scenario. The proposed integrated routing system in the ITS network of railway transport, which is based on the neural-fuzzy networks created, determines the optimal route in the network faster than the existing OSPF routing protocol. Practical value. An integrated routing system in the ITS system of railway transport will make it possible to determine the optimal route in the network with the same number of the routers that make up the packet path in real time.
Para no salir(se) de cauce: la regulación emocional en el trabajo docente

La labor docente expone al profesorado a situaciones que pueden generar un amplio abanico de emociones, las cuales influyen en el desempeño y bienestar de maestros y estudiantes. El objetivo de este trabajo es presentar estrategias que ayuden a regular dichas emociones, a partir de la propuesta de Gross y Thompson. Se plantea la importancia de generar programas de formación de los profesores sobre el tema y de acudir a tratamiento especializado cuando las emociones permanecen a pesar de los intentos de regulación.
Socio-economic and demographic correlates of stunting among adolescents of Assam, North- east India

Abstract The prevalence of stunting (low height-for-age) is a key indicator of long-term chronic undernutrition which reflects an anthropometric failure to reach linear growth potentials due to prolonged food deprivation and/or disease or illness during the early stage of life. The present study assesses the prevalence and socio-economic and demographic correlates of stunting among adolescents of the North-east India. This cross-sectional study was undertaken among 1,818 (830 boys; 988 girls) adolescents (aged 10-18 years) belonging to ethnically heterogeneous populations of Karbi Anglong district of Assam, using stratified random sampling method. Anthropometric measurements of height and weight were recorded using standard procedures. Socio-economic and demographic variables were obtained using pre-structured schedule. The age-sex specific L, M and S reference values were used to calculate height-for-age Z-score (HAZ). According to WHO, HAZ found to be <−2SD was classified as stunting. The data were analysed using descriptive statistics, t-test, ANOVA, chi-square analyses, binary and step-wise multiple logistic regression analysis in SPSS (version, 17.0). The prevalence of stunting was observed to be significantly higher among boys (48.4%) than girls (37.8%) (p<0.01). Age-sex specific prevalence was found to be higher among boys than girls aged 14-18 years and contrary were observed among girls aged 10-14 years (p>0.05). The binary logistic regression analysis showed that several socio-economic and demographic variables were significantly associated with stunting (p<0.05). The step-wise multiple logistic regression analysis showed that sex (boys), age groups (13-15 years and 16-18 years), father’s occupation (cultivator) and Rupees ≤5000 household income was significantly associated with stunting (p<0.05). Appropriate nutritional intervention programmes and dissemination of knowledge at population level related to undernutrition are necessary to ameliorate their nutritional status.
Genetic Association Studies: Background, Conduct, Analysis, Interpretation

Genetic Association Studies is designed for students of public health, epidemiology, and the health sciences, covering the main principles of molecular genetics, population genetics, medical genetics, epidemiology and statistics. It presents a balanced view of genetic associations with coverage of candidate gene studies as well as genome-wide association studies. All aspects of a genetic association study are included, from the lab to analysis and interpretation of results, but also bioinformatics approaches to causality assessment. The role of the environment in genetic disease is also highlighted. Genetic Association Studies will enable readers to understand and critique genetic association studies and set them on the way to designing, executing, analyzing, interpreting, and reporting their own.
Do Energy Prices Drive Outward FDI? Evidence from a Sample of Listed Firms

Affordable energy is often argued to be a vital condition for manufacturing industries to be able to compete on global markets. Consequently, the idea of introducing a (unilateral) carbon tax is usually opposed on the grounds of potential losses of competitiveness and leakage of economic activity abroad. In this paper, we shed light on one potential channel of such effects—the impact of energy prices on firms’ outward FDI. Using an instrumental variable strategy we estimate the longer-term effects on a sample of listed firms from 9 manufacturing sectors in 24 OECD countries over 1995-2008. The results suggest that relative energy prices—that is the difference between domestic energy prices and prices in the potential FDI destination—are significantly and asymmetrically related to firms’ outward FDI asset share. Only firms that faced increases in the relative energy prices have increased their international asset position and this effect was relatively small.
NUTRACEUTICAL FORMULATIONS CONTAINING GLUCOSAMINE AND CHONDROITIN SULPHATE IN THE TREATMENT OF OSTEOARTHRITIS: EMPHASIS ON CLINICAL EFFICACY AND FORMULATION CHALLENGES

Osteoarthritis (OA) is essentially a debilitating disease symptomatized by a gradual loss of articular joint cartilage, causing painful impairment among the population of different ages, particularly patients over the age of 50 y. Nutraceuticals; namely glucosamine and chondroitin have been widely used in the treatment of OA. The chondroprotective properties of the aforementioned agents have been reported, allowing the repair and recovery of the articular surface in OA. The purpose of this review article is to report the current evidence for the use of glucosamine and chondroitin sulphate in the treatment of knee OA with emphasis on their indications for clinical use, effectiveness and safety. It also highlights the role of some advanced formulation technologies in optimizing the delivery of those drugs. Keywords: Osteoarthritis, Glucosamine, Chondroitin, Clinical use, Formulation technologies
Attenuation and Phase Velocity of Elastic Wave in Textured Polycrystals with Ellipsoidal Grains of Arbitrary Crystal Symmetry

This study extends the second-order attenuation (SOA) model for elastic waves in texture-free inhomogeneous cubic polycrystalline materials with equiaxed grains to textured polycrystals with ellipsoidal grains of arbitrary crystal symmetry. In term of this work, one can predict both the scattering-induced attenuation and phase velocity from Rayleigh region (wavelength >> scatter size) to geometric region (wavelength << scatter size) for an arbitrary incident wave mode (quasi-longitudinal, quasi-transverse fast or quasi-transverse slow mode) in a textured polycrystal and examine the impact of crystallographic texture on attenuation and phase velocity dispersion in the whole frequency range. The predicted attenuation results of this work also agree well with the literature on a textured stainless steel polycrystal. Furthermore, an analytical expression for quasi-static phase velocity at an arbitrary wave propagation direction in a textured polycrystal is derived from the SOA model, which can provide an alternative homogenization method for textured polycrystals based on scattering theory. Computational results using triclinic titanium polycrystals with Gaussian orientation distribution function (ODF) are also presented to demonstrate the texture effect on attenuation and phase velocity behaviors and evaluate the applicability and limitation of an existing analytical model based on the Born approximation for textured polycrystals. Finally, quasi-static phase velocities predicted by this work for a textured polycrystalline copper with generalized spherical harmonics form ODF are compared to available velocity bounds in the literature including Hashin–Shtrikman bounds, and a reasonable agreement is found between this work and the literature.
Alteración de los parámetros del modelo de Green y Ampt ante la ocurrencia de incendios en suelos de Córdoba (Argentina)

In the province of Cordoba (Argentina), due to its climatic characteristics, forest fires frequently develop in correspondence with the dry season. So far, there have been no systematic measurements of the impact of these fires on the hydrological behavior of their watersheds.Through the use of a portable rain simulator, and controlled burning at representative temperatures and durations, a campaign has been carried out to measure the impact of fire on the infiltration capacity in Cordoba soils. For this, measurements have been made in pre and post-fire conditions of surface runoff under a simulated rain of known intensity. The experimental results show a reduction of the average infiltration capacity of 32% at the end of the tests as a result of the fire action. From these results, the parameters of the infiltration model of Green and Ampt were calibrated, analyzing their alteration as a result of fire. The hydraulic conductivity presents significant reductions, while the suction head increases considerably. It is considered that the results obtained will allow quantitative assessments of the impact of forest fires in the hydrological cycle of the basins of the mountain region of Cordoba.
The Effect of Chayote Juice (Sechium Edule) to Reduce Blood Pressure in Elderly with Hypertension

_ Hypertension often occurs in the elderly due to hormonal changes after menopause. Treatment of hypertension can be done non-pharmacologically by consuming chayote. This study was to explore the effect of chayote juice on blood pressure in elderly people with hypertension at Puskesmas (Community Health Center) Teluknaga. This is a auasi-experimental research design with pre-test and post-test without control. 13 respondents were sample of this study taken with non-random metode consecutive sampling . Bivariate analysis was processed with Wilcoxon Match Pair Test. The analysis results with the range of age 60-70 (92.3%) and age 75-90 (7.7%) with females (84.6%) and male (15.4%) shows that median decrease in systolic blood 30.00 mmHg and diastolic 10.00 mmHg. It was obtained p value 0.001 <ɑ 0.05. in conclusion, the chayote juice has effects to reduce blood pressure in elderly with hypertension. The elderly and families are expected to apply independently by consuming chayote juice which aims to maintain and control blood pressure.
Relationship between occupational stress and job satisfaction at Kenya customs administration

Management o f stress at the workplace is a moral as well as the legal responsibility of employers. Close and continuous attention to the issues o f stress at the workplace is important because ill-health inflicted by the system o f work or working conditions can cause untold suffering and loss to individual employees and their dependents. In addition, absences, through ill-health can result in losses and damage for the organization. The objectives o f the study were to determine the level o f occupational stress within Kenya Customs Administration and the impact it has on job satisfaction. The study used descriptive research design method as opposed to using quantitative methods. However the attributes o f the study variables were converted into numerical data through a structured questionnaire for the purpose o f effective data analysis. The target population for the study was one thousand employees of Kenya Customs Administration. The researcher sampled 100 employees based in Mombasa and Nairobi stations of the organization. Questionnaires were distributed and gathered after three weeks. Pearson correlation technique was used to find out the level o f correlations between variables. The study findings were that employees of Kenya Customs Administration are stressed as a result of working past official working hours and having to do too many jobs at once. The employees are also stressed as they have to meet very high work deadlines. The study also showed that there was a low but positive correlation between occupational stress (independent variable) and job satisfaction dependent variable). Correlation between occupational stress and job satisfaction was found to be significant among employees o f Kenya Customs Administration. This therefore means that, occupational stress significantly affects job satisfaction.
Review of supplier diversification and pricing strategies under random supply and demand

Uncertainties of supply and demand are two major sources of risk in any supply chain. As a result, the companies are implementing different strategies to mitigate the effects of these risks. Supplier diversification and responsive pricing are two of the main strategies that are used to mitigate the supply and demand risks. In supplier diversification, a firm uses multiple channels of sourcing while in responsive pricing, a firm manipulates demand through pricing to mitigate supply and demand risks. In this paper, we review lot-sizing problems when supply and demand are random. We focus on studies that have considered supplier diversification or responsive pricing as a mitigation strategy. We classify the studies based on their main assumptions and summarise their major findings. Finally, we present some directions for future research. Part of what we have found is that most studies that use multiple decision makers have focused on cases where information is complete and non-cooperative. There is a need to consider more realistic situations when there is information asymmetry between the decision makers. In addition, we have found that there is a lack of studies that look at the impact of joint ordering and pricing in the existence of multiple suppliers.