Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Structure, sex, and strength and knee and hip kinematics during landing.

CONTEXT Researchers have observed that medial knee collapse is a mechanism of knee injury. Lower extremity alignment, sex, and strength have been cited as contributing to landing mechanics. OBJECTIVE To determine the relationship among measurements of asymmetry of unilateral hip rotation (AUHR); mobility of the foot, which we described as relative arch deformity (RAD); hip abduction-external rotation strength; sex; and medial collapse of the knee during a single-leg jump landing. We hypothesized that AUHR and RAD would be positively correlated with movements often associated with medial collapse of the knee, including hip adduction and internal rotation excursions and knee abduction and rotation excursions. DESIGN Descriptive laboratory study. SETTING Research laboratory. PATIENTS OR OTHER PARTICIPANTS Thirty women and 15 men (age = 21 ± 2 years, height = 171.7 ± 9.5 cm, mass = 68.4 ± 9.5 kg) who had no history of surgery or recent injury and who participated in regular physical activity volunteered. INTERVENTION(S) Participants performed 3 double-leg forward jumps with a single-leg landing. Three-dimensional kinematic data were sampled at 100 Hz using an electromagnetic tracking system. We evaluated AUHR and RAD on the preferred leg and evaluated isometric peak hip abductor-external rotation torque. We assessed AUHR by calculating the difference between internal and external hip rotation in the prone position (AUHR = internal rotation - external rotation). We evaluated RAD using the Arch Height Index Measurement System. Correlations and linear regression analyses were used to assess relationships among AUHR, RAD, sex, peak hip abduction-external rotation torque, and kinematic variables for 3-dimensional motion of the hip and knee. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S) The dependent variables were joint angles at contact and joint excursions between contact and peak knee flexion. RESULTS We found that AUHR was correlated with hip adduction excursion (R = 0.36, P = .02). Asymmetry of unilateral hip rotation, sex, and peak hip abduction-external rotation torque were predictive of knee abduction excursion (adjusted R(2) = 0.47, P < . 001). Asymmetry of unilateral hip rotation and sex were predictive of knee external rotation excursion (adjusted R(2) = 0.23, P = . 001). The RAD was correlated with hip adduction at contact (R(2) = 0.10, R = 0.32, P = . 04) and knee flexion excursion (R(2) = 0.11, R = -0.34, P = . 03). CONCLUSIONS Asymmetry of unilateral hip rotation, sex, and hip strength were associated with kinematic components of medial knee collapse.
A Rare Case Report of Loa Loa Ocular Filariasis

Purpose We report a case of ocular worm treated surgically and confirmed by microbiological identification. Methods A 33-year-old Swiss woman presented to the ophthalmic unit, complaining of pain and foreign body sensation in the left eye. Slit-lamp examination disclosed a subconjunctival amber-colored cord in the conjunctival fornix. Presentation, clinical and histopathologic evaluation, and treatment are described. Results At the time of surgery, an alive and still intact worm was extracted through conjunctival incision. Histopathology confirmed the presence of filariasis. Conclusions As the flow of immigrants from endemic areas to Europe increases, ocular manifestation of loiasis is becoming more frequent and ophthalmologists need to be aware of this diagnosis.
Long-term Follow-up Study of the Sandwich Cartilage Shoe Technique in Cases of Insecure Stapes Footplate

Objective: Analysis of the audiometric results after repair of a defective footplate with the sandwich cartilage shoe technique in a follow-up study. Study Design: Retrospective analysis of audiometric data. Setting: Hospital. Patients: The cohort consisted of 12 patients, who underwent ossicular reconstruction after sandwich cartilage shoe technique in a case of insecure stapes footplate. The mean age was 42.7 years with an equal sex distribution. In every patient, cholesteatoma was the reason for surgery with 75% being revision cases. Intervention: Sandwich cartilage shoe technique in case of insecure stapes footplate at the department of otorhinolaryngology, head and neck surgery at the University of Cologne over an 8-year period (2007–2015). Main Outcome Measure: The use of the “sandwich cartilage shoe technique” in case of a broken or unstable footplate allows a safe occlusion of the open vestibule. Results: The statistical analysis revealed a significant improvement of the pure-tone average (p = 0.011) and air-bone gap (ABG) (p = 0.016) after total ossicular replacement prosthesis (TORP) implantation. The hearing was stable at 9 months of follow up. Conclusion: The sandwich cartilage shoe technique offers a safe and effective option as a two-stage procedure in treating patients with fractures of the stapes footplate in case of chronic otitis media. In view of the possible risk of deafness going along with a destruction of an inner ear window, our results can be considered substantial as all our patients will at least be able to regain “social hearing” as they all either achieved a hearing threshold is less than 30 dB or can be sufficiently supplied with a conventional hearing aid.
The ultrastructure of plexogenic pulmonary arteriopathy

The lungs from 16 cases of plexogenic pulmonary arteriopathy obtained at heart‐lung transplantation, half of which had primary pulmonary hypertension, were examined by electron microscopy. From these the probable pathogenesis of pulmonary arterial intimal fibrosis in plexogenic pulmonary arteriopathy was deduced. The earliest detectable change was migration of smooth muscle cells from the media; through the internal elastic lamina into the intima. These cells collected beneath the endothelium and lost many of their myofilaments to become myofibroblasts. They were associated with ground substance but scanty collagen fibrils. As the quantity of interstitial collagen increased, the myofibroblasts reverted to a muscular structure, became elongated, and assumed a regular, circumferential orientation. This later stage coincided with the development of plexiform lesions. At both early and later stages, the muscular pulmonary arteries were contracted but not markedly so, and muscular evaginations were not seen. On the other hand, the cellular intimal proliferations developed early and were occlusive. This suggests that occlusion of small pulmonary arterial vessels by myofibroblasts may be at least as important as vasoconstriction in the early elevation of the pulmonary vascular resistance in primary pulmonary hypertension.
Deduction - automated logic

Intellectics, characteristics of intelletics, inference and deduction, historical remarks, contents and structure of this book deduction in propositional logic problem reduction, the language of propositional logic, the semantics of propositional logic, a characterization of validity, normal form transformations, a simple connection calculus, general tautology testing deduction in first-order logic, the language of first-order logic, the semantics of first-order logic, a characterisation of validity, normal form transformations, unification, deduction procedures and variants compressions and strategies. Gentzen's calculus of natural deduction the Tableau calculus refined treatment of quantifiers and instances connection redection (with Seeffen Holldobler) equality, term rewriting and unification theory, semantic search guidance, meta-inference, abstraction and analogy parellelism, comparisons and complexity extensions and applications higher-order logic, induction, modal logic, further logics, applications and systems. Appendix: exercices and solutions, exercises on propositional logic, exercises on predicate logic and further topics, solutions to selected exercises.
Desferrioxamine mesylate for managing transfusional iron overload in people with transfusion-dependent thalassaemia.

BACKGROUND Thalassaemia major is a genetic disease characterised by a reduced ability to produce haemoglobin. Management of the resulting anaemia is through transfusions of red blood cells. Repeated transfusions results in excessive accumulation of iron in the body (iron overload), removal of which is achieved through iron chelation therapy. Desferrioxamine is the most widely used iron chelator. Substantial data have shown the beneficial effects of desferrioxamine. However, important questions exist about whether desferrioxamine is the best schedule for iron chelation therapy. OBJECTIVES To determine the effectiveness (dose and method of administration) of desferrioxamine in people with transfusion-dependent thalassaemia. SEARCH STRATEGY We searched the Cochrane Haemoglobinopathies Trials Register, MEDLINE, EMBASE, ZETOC, Current Controlled Trials and bibliographies of relevant publications. We also contacted the manufacturers of desferrioxamine and other iron chelators. Date of last searches: April 2004. SELECTION CRITERIA Randomised controlled trials comparing desferrioxamine with placebo; with another iron chelator; or comparing two schedules of desferrioxamine, in people with transfusion-dependent thalassaemia. DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS Four authors working independently, were involved in trial quality assessment and data extraction. Missing data were requested from the original investigators. MAIN RESULTS Eight trials involving 334 people (range 20 to 144 people) were included. One trial compared desferrioxamine with placebo, five compared desferrioxamine with another iron chelator (deferiprone) and two compared different schedules of desferrioxamine. Overall, few trials measured the same outcomes.Compared to placebo, desferrioxamine significantly reduced iron overload. The number of deaths at 12 years follow up and evidence of reduced end-organ damage was less for desferrioxamine than placebo. When desferrioxamine was compared to deferiprone or a different desferrioxamine schedule there were no statistically significant differences in measures of iron overload. Compliance was recorded by two trials. Compliance was less for desferrioxamine than deferiprone in one trial and of no difference in comparison with desferrioxamine and deferiprone combined with a second trial. Adverse events were recorded in trials comparing desferrioxamine with other iron chelators. There was evidence of adverse events in all treatment groups. In one trial, adverse events were significantly less likely with desferrioxamine than deferiprone, relative risk 0.45 (95% confidence interval 0.24 to 0.84). Assessment of the methodological quality of included trials was not possible, given the general absence of these data in the trials. AUTHORS' CONCLUSIONS We found no reason to change current treatment recommendations. However, considerable uncertainty continues to exist about the optimal schedule for desferrioxamine in people with transfusion-dependent thalassaemia.
Differential preference of colored surface in Tribolium castaneum (Herbst)

Insects show color preferences mostly to those which resembles the color of foliage, flower or even their hosts. In the present study observations were made to determine vision towards different colored surfaces in young (second instar), and advanced (fourth instar) larvae, and adults of Tribolium castaneum (Herbst) (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae). The larva and adult beetles showed significant color preferences when given a choice between white (control) and colored surfaces at 24- and 48-h exposures. The second instar larvae were more attracted by yellow and pink than green surfaces. The fourth instar larvae did not show any significant preference between white and colored surfaces at 24-h exposure, but avoided red and pink surfaces (P>0.05) and had a marginal choice for black (P<0.05). The adults avoided green significantly at both exposure times and pink at 48-h exposure, but was moderately attracted by black (P<0.05) at both exposure times.
Evaluation of anti-inflammatory activity of ethanolic extract of Sphaeranthus indicus

Sphaeranthus indicus had been widely used for its reported biological activity in indigenous system of medicine. The present investigation was carried out to find the anti-inflammatory effect of ethanolic extract of Sphaeranthus indicus in albino rats. The anti-inflammatory activity was evaluated using acute inflammatory model like carrageenan induced paw edema and chronic inflammatory model like cotton pellet induced granuloma respectively. The ethanolic extract in different doses (100,200, and 400mg/kg, p .o) exhibited dose dependent and significant antiinflammatory activity in acute (carageenan induced hind paw edema, p< 0.05) and chronic (cotton pellet granuloma formation, p<0.05) model of inflammation.
Clinical Significance and Correlates of Disruptive Behavior in Environmentally At-Risk Preschoolers

Examines the clinical significance and correlates of disruptive behavior disorder symptoms (DBDSX) in preschoolers. Participants were 129 predominantly minority preschoolers (21/2 to 51/2) residing in low-income environments, half of whom were clinic-referred for disruptive behavior. Children with higher levels of DBDSX were more impaired in parent-child, preschool and clinic contexts. Correlates of DBDSX included both prenatal and infancy risks (low soothability as infants, prenatal exposure to cigarettes) and concurrent parenting factors (harshness, low levels of behavioral responsiveness, and parenting stress). In general, the clinical and risk profile of DBDSX in preschoolers at environmental risk appears to be similar to that of older children. Based on the results of this study, etiologic and prevention research on disruptive behavior disorders should begin in the first few years of life.
In vivo pre-tRNA processing in Saccharomyces cerevisiae

We have surveyed intron-containing RNAs of the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae by filter hybridization with pre-tRNA intron-specific oligonucleotide probes. We have classified various RNAs as pre-tRNAs, splicing intermediates, or excised intron products according to apparent size and structure. Linear, excised intron products were detected, and one example was isolated and sequenced directly. Additional probes designed to detect other precursor sequences were used to verify the identification of several intermediates. Pre-tRNA species with both 5' leader and 3' extension, with 3' extension only, and with mature ends were distinguished. From these results, we conclude that the processing reactions used to remove the 5' leader and 3' extension from the transcript are ordered 5' end trimming before 3' end trimming. Splicing intermediates containing the 5' exon plus the intron were detected. The splice site cleavage reactions are probably ordered 3' splice site cleavage before 5' splice site cleavage. Surprisingly, we also detected a splicing intermediate with the 5' leader and a spliced product with both 5' leader and 3' extension. Evidently, splicing and end trimming are not ordered relative to each other, splicing occurring either before or after end trimming.
Avian response to vegetative pattern in playa wetlands during winter

Abstract Breeding-bird communities inhabiting northern prairie wetlands have been shown to have higher densities and diversities in wetlands with a well-interspersed 50:50 vegetative cover:water ratio than in those wetlands with a higher or lower proportion of cover. Potential reasons for such a response include increased food or visual isolation and spacing of breeding birds. We manipulated cover:water ratios (75:25, 50:50, 25:75) in Southern Great Plains playas and examined avian response (i.e., species richness, non-waterfowl bird density, and waterfowl density) to these patterns in winter. We found the highest species richness and generally the highest waterfowl densities in the 50:50 cover:water treatment. Because the amount of vegetative food was similar among treatments and waterfowl inhabiting playas during winter are forming pair bonds, it is most likely that the optimal edge and visual isolation provided in the 50:50 cover:water treatment contributed to its high use and richness. Nonwaterfowl bird density was not different among the treatments. Many nonwaterfowl birds using playas in winter, such as McCown's longspur (Calcarius mccownii), occur as nonbreeding feeding flocks, are not forming pair bonds, and likely are not responding to particular cover:water treatments. Playa wetland biologists should create a well-interspersed 50:50 cover:water ratio to optimize waterfowl use and avian species richness.
Adaptation of the Proximal Femur to Skeletal Reloading After Long‐Duration Spaceflight

We studied the effect of re‐exposure to Earth's gravity on the proximal femoral BMD and structure of astronauts 1 year after missions lasting 4–6 months. We observed that the readaptation of the proximal femur to Earth's gravity entailed an increase in bone size and an incomplete recovery of volumetric BMD.
Crystal silicon heterojunction solar cells by hot-wire CVD

Hot-wire chemical vapor deposition (HWCVD) is a promising technique for fabricating Silicon heterojunction (SHJ) solar cells. In this paper we describe our efforts to increase the open circuit voltage (Voc) while improving the efficiency of these devices. On p-type c-Si float-zone wafers, we used a double heterojunction structure with an amorphous n/i contact to the top surface and an i/p contact to the back surface to obtain an open circuit voltage (Voc) of 679 mV in a 0.9 cm2 cell with an independently confirmed efficiency of 19.1%. This is the best reported performance for a cell of this configuration. We also made progress on p-type CZ wafers and achieved 18.7% independently confirmed efficiency with little degradation under prolong illumination. Our best Voc for a p-type SHJ cell is 0.688 V, which is close to the 691 mV we achieved for SHJ cells on n-type c-Si wafers.
USE OF VASODILATORS TO OVERCOME PERIOPERATIVE SPASM OF THE LEFT INTERNAL MAMMARY ARTERY AND SAPHENOUS VEIN IN CORONARY ARTERY BYPASS GRAFTING: COMPARISON OF PAPAVERINE AND GLYCERYL TRINITRATE/VERAPAMIL COMBINATION

Background: Left Internal Mammary Artery (LIMA) and Saphenous Vein (SV) are two of the most commonly used conduits in Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting (CABG). Perioperative spasm of these conduits, especially LIMA, is associated with perioperative morbidity and mortality. Papaverine is the conventional vasodilator used intraoperatively to overcome the conduits spasm. Accumulating evidence linking papaverine to endothelial damage has prompted the search for alternative vasodilators. Objectives: This in vitro experimental study aimed to compare the effects of a combined solution of glyceryl trinitrate and verapamil (GV) and papaverine on isolated human
Stem Cell Transplantation for Treatment of Crohn ' s Fistulae OPEN ACCESS

Up to 20% of patients with Crohn's disease (CD) may have perianal fistula disease, which is frequently associated with perianal collections [1]. Classically, surgery has played an important role, by the placement of drains or setons creation of ostomies, and in severe cases, even proctectomy [2]. However, in recent years, medical treatment with or without the temporary placement of drains, has taken a leading role. Immunosuppressants such as azathioprine, 6-mercaptopurine, methotrexate, and cyclosporine have proven beneficial in many patients. In more complicated cases where these drugs are ineffective, biological treatments based on monoclonal antibodies have been shown to have some success for the induction and maintenance of remission of perianal fistula disease and associated proctitis [3]. Still, the percentage of patients who do not respond or do so only partially remain significant. Furthermore, the existence of serious complications associated with treatment should not be overlooked [4].
Aligning Studies of Information Seeking and Use with Domain Analysis

Two different conceptions of domain analysis exist in LIS; one emphasizes theories of knowledge, and the other is grounded in the study of literatures. While studies of information seeking and use have been more widely associated with information retrieval, they can make an important contribution to domain analysis, and perhaps help integrate the two approaches. Because of the mutable and overlapping nature of discourse communities and the knowledge they produce, the most operative user studies will demarcate user groups based on the conceptual requirements of the information problem under investigation, rather than by domain. As our understanding of information use develops, models can then be constructed that represent the dimensions of use for specific domains and that take into account relationships between domains.
Acute Brachial Plexus Compression after Pectoralis Major Transfer for Subscapularis Insufficiency

difficult. In 1997, Wirth and Rockwood reported their technique of pectoralis major transfer in which the pectoralis is transferred superficial to the conjoined tendon. Common complications were reported to include injury to the axillary or musculocutaneous nerves. Resch et al reported a technique modification with pectoralis major transfer deep to the conjoined tendon, which theoretically improved the vector of the transferred tendon. Klepps et al suggested that protection of the musculocutaneous nerve can be achieved by a split pectoralis major transfer, release of the proximal musculocutaneous branches, or debulking of the pectoralis major muscle. We report a case of acute brachial plexus neuropathy after pectoralis major transfer deep to the conjoined tendon.
Key-byte algorithm for image compression

Image size is increasing every day, according to their accuracy and resolution; where the memory needed to store these images become larger with time, Image compression algorithms are the utilities used to utilize the memory resources; this is done by reducing the space needed to store these images, natural images are the best images to use in testing the compression images; since the adjacent pixels are close together but not 100% equal. The paper presents a compression algorithm that constrained on the compression factor, where it tries to get the highest compression factor with an accepted visual contribution to the reconstructed image, the algorithm works in two stages the first one called the Averaging technique, which compresses the image by converting the image into a metric of averages, the second stage is called the Key-Byte technique, in this stage the output of the first stage divided into blocks and extract three new values for each block those are Average, MinMax, and Key-Byte values, this means three new metrics one holds the averages of the blocks, another one to holds the difference between the maximum and minimum values in each block, the third holds 0 or 1 according to the relation between the original average and the new averages.