Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Analysis of MRI Image Data of Different Restorative Materials in Oral Cavity Based on Intelligent System

Theoretical analysis of MRI image data different restorative materials in the oral cavity based on an intelligent system is conducted in this manuscript. The intelligence of the medical equipment not only enables doctors to obtain more detailed information on the curative effect but also makes it more convenient to operate. In this paper, we have the following novelties. (1) The long-term recording and the analysis of the operating center magnetic field frequency can steadily weaken the magnetic field. (2) The idea of super-resolution has achieved good results in the reconstruction of the multi-dimensional MRI data, the sparse model is applied to enhance the robustness of the framework. (3) The improved image will still show a decrease in MRI quality to some extent, affecting the accurate development of the surrounding important issues. Through the robustness testing and simulation on different materials, the performance of the model is validated.
Critical Review of Various Intrusion Detection Techniques for Internet of Things

Technology is rapidly moving towards the systems enabling maximum comfort to human being. IoT scenario has evolved into a technology for developing such comfortable eco system and became popular day by day, and at the point of attraction for the researchers world-wide who are involved in developing technology for creating comfortable and sustainable eco system for human being. Now a days IoT has shown a strong technological presence globally which embraced humanity in many ways, spread from home automation, smart city, industry and healthcare. These applications is endless and imaginable. A number of challenges and issues perceived by the system in which security and privacy are key issues. This security and vulnerability in IoT based system implies security threats which affects the overall performance of the system. In majority system related attacks could be addressed by an effective Intrusion detection system (IDS). Due to limited resources like computing, energy, storage and specially designed protocols for operations, common Intrusion detection system those are well suited for conventional network are not enough for the intrusion detection in IoT. A well designed mechanism is needed for addressing the specific challenges and issues IoT faces. This paper surveys some suitable mechanism designed for detection of intrusions in an IoT system. As a result of the survey, this paper highlights the various issues and challenges associated with IDS of IOT
Open Set Audio Recognition for Multi-Class Classification With Rejection

Most supervised audio recognition systems developed to this point have used a testing set which includes the same categories as the training set database. Such systems are called closed-set recognition (CSR). However, audio recognition in real applications can be more complicated, where the datasets can be dynamic, and novel categories can ceaselessly be detected. Hence, in practice, the usual methods will assign to these novel classes labels which are often incorrect. This work aims to investigate audio open-set recognition (OSR) suitable for multi-classes classification recognition, with a rejection option for classes never seen by the system. A probabilistic calibration of a support vector machine classifier is utilized and formulated under the open-set scenario. For this, it is proposed to apply a threshold technique called peak side ratio (PSR) to the audio recognition task. A candidate label is first examined by a Platt-calibrated support vector machine (SVM) to produce posterior probabilities. The PSR is then used to characterize the distribution of posterior probabilities values. This process helps to determine a threshold in order to reject or accept a particular class. Our proposed method is evaluated on different variations of open sets, using well-known metrics. Experimental results reveal that our proposed method outperforms previous OSR approaches over a wide range of openness values.
Inductance Calculation of Coreless-Type Linear PM Machines Based on Analytical Field Projection and Coil Separation Method

The analysis of winding inductance in electric machinery is crucial for both design and control implementations. This article presents an accurate and computationally efficient method to calculate the winding inductance in a coreless-type permanent magnet linear synchronous machine (PMLSM). The analysis is based on the novel approach combining the analytical field projection and the coil separation method. After dividing the coil domain into three regions, a two-dimensional winding inductance in the front view is calculated by solving the field governing equations in each subdomain. Subsequently, the model is extended in three dimensions by projecting the side view of the coil onto the 2-D plane, and the interpolation method is involved in accounting for the end-winding inductance. As a result, the proposed model can save much computation time to evaluate the winding inductance without relying on the finite element (FE) method. In the end, the validity of the analytical model is verified by FE and experimental results.
Sigfox Based Network Planning Analysis for Public Internet of Things Services in Metropolitan Area

Sigfox is a radio protocol Low Power Wide Area Network (LPWAN) technology that has a characteristic global reach, cost-effective, energy efficiency, and simplicity. Sigfox operates in the unlicensed spectrum frequency band, during transmitting and receiving messages, Sigfox uses ultra-narrow band (UNB) modulation technique. This paper analyzes Sigfox based network planning for public Internet of Things (IoT) services in a metropolitan area that has 10.37 million population and 662.3 km2. The result of the study stated that 33 access points are needed to cover the entire city. The simulation result shows that 99.9% of the area has a Reference Signal Received Power (RSRP) Downlink level above −134 dBm. The mean values of RSRP Downlink and Signal to Interference and Noise Ratio (SINR) Downlink are −91.81 dBm and 7.98 dB, respectively. Meanwhile, for the Received Signal Strength Indicator (RSSI) Downlink parameter, 98.7% metropolitan area is covered and has a mean value of −87.91 dBm. Okumura-Hata radio propagation model is used and gives results that allowed propagation loss and shadow fading margin are 152.5 dB and 7.5 dB, respectively, thus cell range for one access point reaches 3.28 km.
Analysis of the RC-IGBT snap-back phenomenon on the switching performance of parallel devices

In this paper, a simulation-based study is carried out with respect to the snap-back behavior in the output IV characteristics of reverse conducting RC-IGBTs. Half-cell TCAD models of 1200V RC-IGBT structures with different snap-back voltage levels were generated by varying the peak doping concentration of the punch-through N-buffer region. The effect of the snap-back characteristics on the switching behavior when devices are operating in parallel were studied under varying device and circuit conditions. Current mis-sharing between parallel RC-IGBTs was instigated and analyzed in order to identify the root cause of such behavior during the switching transients. Results show that the RC-IGBT snap-back voltage magnitude and variations along with the circuit and operating conditions play a critical role for determining if the device operates in a stable or un-stable mode.
Geo-SAR Staring and Tracking Imaging Mode Designing for Hurricane Observation

A Geo-SAR staring and tracking imaging mode, which is employed to obtain the hurricane information, is illustrated in this manuscript. Hurricane, as one kind of serious natural hazards, may cause extensive economic losses and severe civil personnel losses in coastal areas. Geo-SAR can adjust its antenna pointing direction to acquire its image when some hurricane changes its location. Due to satellite's little pitch and roll controlling angles, short responding time is needed to follow the hurricane's track for continual imaging. This paper firstly illustrates Geo-SAR staring and tracking imaging mode. Furthermore, attitude controlling expressions and SAR system key parameter designing approach are presented. Finally, a simulation experiment is performed to verify the efficiency and superiority of this approach. The results show that this new mode has a good effect on hurricane observation.
DCLab: A Reconfigurable SDN Testbed for Datacenter Networks

The SDN paradigm allows network management applications to configure and manage network devices directly. Researchers use simulators, emulation platforms, and experimental testbeds to evaluate ideas. Emulation and simulation platforms offer the advantages of more flexibility and larger scale; using a testbed produces more realistic and accurate results. Although they support SDN, the switches used in data centers pose an economic barrier for researchers. We propose DCLab that creates a low-cost reconfigurable SDN testbed using white-box switches. This letter explains the architecture of DCLab and reports experiments that demonstrate how it allows to overlay various logical topologies on a physical topology.
Data Preprocessing Techniques in Convolutional Neural Network Based on Fault Diagnosis Towards Rotating Machinery

Rotating machinery plays a critical role in many significant fields. However, the unpredictable machinery faults may lead to the severe damage and losses. Hence, it is of great value to explore the precise approaches for fault diagnosis. With the development of the intelligent fault diagnosis methods based on deep learning, convolutional neural network (CNN) has aroused the attention of researchers in machinery fault diagnosis. In the light of the reduction of difficulty in feature learning and the improvement of final diagnosis accuracy, data preprocessing is necessary and crucial in CNN-based fault diagnosis methods. This review focuses on CNN-based fault diagnosis approaches in rotating machinery. Firstly, data preprocessing methods are overviewed. Then, we emphatically analyze and discuss several main techniques applied in CNN-based intelligent diagnosis, principally including the fast Fourier transform, wavelet transform, data augmentation, S-transform, and cyclic spectral analysis. Finally, the potential challenges and research objects are prospected on data preprocessing in intelligent fault diagnosis of rotary machinery.
A Joint Model of Virtual and Actual Maintenance Time with Covariates

Virtual maintenance is the application of virtual reality technology in equipment maintenance. The purpose of this paper is to propose a method for joint analysis of virtual and actual maintenance time by means of virtual maintenance technology. We first establish a joint parameter model considering the virtual and real maintenance time under the common factor and give a method to predict the actual maintenance time based on the model. Secondly, discuss the model parameter estimation methods and some properties of the estimates for complete and missing data and then study the feasibility of the parameter estimation method based on EM algorithm with missing data and the stability of the estimate in different missing rates through numerical simulation. Finally, we use the proposed method to analyze the example of equipment maintenance in virtual and actual environment.
Onboard Deep Deterministic Policy Gradients for Online Flight Resource Allocation of UAVs

In Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) enabled data collection, scheduling data transmissions of the ground nodes while controlling flight of the UAV, e.g., heading and velocity, is critical to reduce the data packet loss resulting from buffer overflows and channel fading. In this letter, a new online flight resource allocation scheme based on deep deterministic policy gradients (DDPG-FRAS) is studied to jointly optimize the flight control of the UAV and data collection scheduling along the trajectory in real time, thereby asymptotically minimizing the packet loss of the ground sensor networks. Numerical results confirm that the proposed DDPG-FRAS can gradually converge, while enlarging the buffer size can reduce the packet loss by 47.9%.
Central β-adrenergic modulation of cognitive flexibility

Situational stressors and anxiety impede performance on creativity tests requiring cognitive flexibility. Preliminary research revealed better performance on a task requiring cognitive flexibility, the anagram task, after propranolol (beta-adrenergic antagonist) than after ephedrine (beta-adrenergic agonist). However, propranolol and ephedrine have both peripheral and central beta-adrenergic effects. In order to determine whether noradrenergic modulation of cognitive flexibility is a centrally or peripherally mediated phenomenon, we compared the effects of propranolol (peripheral and central beta-blocker), nadolol (peripheral beta-blocker), and placebo on anagram task performance. Solution latency scores for each subject were compared across the drug conditions. Anagram solution latency scores after propranolol were significantly lower than after nadolol. This suggests a centrally mediated modulatory influence of the noradrenergic system on cognitive flexibility.
Echo DOA Based High-resolution Target Location

Active radar usually uses large-aperture receiving array to achieve sufficient spatial resolution. This work suggests that a more accurate target location can be obtained through applying passive super-resolution DOA method to the radar echo. Aiming at the problem of few samples and low signal-to-noise ratio, region-extraction and subspace-mapping pre-processing is proposed to fulfill the requirements of high-resolution DOA algorithm. Finally, the feasibility and effectiveness of the method are verified by simulation and actual data.
Patient activation in adults with chronic conditions: A systematic review

Patient activation is an important aspect of self-management for adults with chronic non cancerous health conditions (CHC). However, there is limited evidence about which measures of patient activation and healthrelated quality of life are most useful to clinicians. This systematic review examined regarding the types of measures used to evaluate a patient’s readiness for self-management including patient activation and healthrelated quality of life (HRQOL). Two such as measurements are the Patient Activation Measure (PAM) and overall PROMIS® Global health. Ten articles were identified which included measurement of patient activation and HRQOL. The results indicate that HRQOL is evaluated with various measurement tools. Most researchers agree that patient activation and the measurement of global HRQOL positively contribute to successful self-management strategies.
Genetic and functional analysis of a Pacific hagfish opioid system

The actions of endogenous opioids and nociceptin/orphanin FQ are mediated by four homologous G protein‐coupled receptors that constitute the opioid receptor family. However, little is known about opioid systems in cyclostomes (living jawless fish) and how opioid systems might have evolved from invertebrates. Here, we leveraged de novo transcriptome and low‐coverage whole‐genome assembly in the Pacific hagfish (Eptatretus stoutii) to identify and characterize the first full‐length coding sequence for a functional opioid receptor in a cyclostome. Additionally, we define two novel endogenous opioid precursors in this species that predict several novel opioid peptides. Bioinformatic analysis shows no closely related opioid receptor genes in invertebrates with regard either to the genomic organization or to conserved opioid receptor‐specific sequences that are common in all vertebrates. Furthermore, no proteins analogous to vertebrate opioid precursors could be identified by genomic searches despite previous claims of protein or RNA‐derived sequences in several invertebrate species. The presence of an expressed orthologous receptor and opioid precursors in the Pacific hagfish confirms that a functional opioid system was likely present in the common ancestor of all extant vertebrates some 550 million years ago, earlier than all previous authenticated accounts. We discuss the premise that the cyclostome and vertebrate opioid systems evolved from invertebrate systems concerned with antimicrobial defense and speculate that the high concentrations of opioid precursors in tissues such as the testes, gut, and activated immune cells are key remnants of this evolutionary role.
Stretchable Electronics Based on PDMS Substrates

Stretchable electronics, which can retain their functions under stretching, have attracted great interest in recent decades. Elastic substrates, which bear the applied strain and regulate the strain distribution in circuits, are indispensable components in stretchable electronics. Moreover, the self‐healing property of the substrate is a premise to endow stretchable electronics with the same characteristics, so the device may recover from failure resulting from large and frequent deformations. Therefore, the properties of the elastic substrate are crucial to the overall performance of stretchable devices. Poly(dimethylsiloxane) (PDMS) is widely used as the substrate material for stretchable electronics, not only because of its advantages, which include stable chemical properties, good thermal stability, transparency, and biological compatibility, but also because of its capability of attaining designer functionalities via surface modification and bulk property tailoring. Herein, the strategies for fabricating stretchable electronics on PDMS substrates are summarized, and the influence of the physical and chemical properties of PDMS, including surface chemical status, physical modulus, geometric structures, and self‐healing properties, on the performance of stretchable electronics is discussed. Finally, the challenges and future opportunities of stretchable electronics based on PDMS substrates are considered.
Survival and Productivity of the Tsetse, Glossina morsitans morsitans Westwood (Diptera: Glossinidae) Maintained Under Different Feeding Regimens Through Four Successive Reproductive Cycles in Zambia

Adult survival, puparial production, weight and viability, and the sex ratio of adults emerging from puparia of Glossina morsitans morsitans Westwood maintained through four successive reproductive cycles on daily (SO), every other day (SI) and every third day (S2) feeding regimen, respectively were investigated at Chilanga, Zambia. Only in puparial production (0.8 under SO and SI, 0.7 under S2) and puparial weight (25.1±0.2mg under S0, 24.1±0.3mg under S1, 22.5±0.3mg under S2) were significant differences (P<0.05 and <0.01 respectively) detected between feeding regimens. Nevertheless, a combination of SI and S2 regimens is recommended for further evaluation as a more convenient and economical alternative to the SO regimen for tsetse mass production in Africa. RésuméOn a étudié a Chilanga, en Zambie, la survie adulte, la production de pupes, le poids et la viabilité, ainsi que la proportion d’âge des Glossina morsitans morsitans Westwood adultes émergeant des pupes et entretenues aux trois régimes d’alimentation, journalier (S0), un jour sur deux (S1), un jour sur trois (S2) respectivement, pendant 4 cycles de reproduction successifs. C’est seulement dans la production des pupes (0,8 pour les régimes SO et SI, 0,7 pour S2) et dans le poids des pupes (25,1±0,2mg pour S0, 24,1±0,2mg pour S0, 24,1±0,3mg pour S1, 22,5±0,3mg pour S2) qu’on a remarqué des différences significatives (P<0,5 et<0,01 respectivement) entre les régimes d’alimentation. Néanmoins, une évaluation d’une combinaison des régimes SI et S2, comme alternatif plus commode et plus économique par rapport au régime S0, est recommandée pour la production en masse des mouches tsé-tsé en Afrique.
Drug-Coated Stents Versus Bare-Metal Stents in Academic Research Consortium-Defined High Bleeding Risk Patients.

AIMS To model the safety and effectiveness of drug-coated stents (DCS) vs. bare-metal stents (BMS) in high bleeding risk (HBR) patients according to the Academic Research Criteria (ARC) criteria. METHODS AND RESULTS Participants from the LEADERS FREE (LF) and LEADERS FREE (LFII) studies were pooled into one dataset. Participants were treated with 30 days of DAPT. The primary safety (composite of cardiac death, myocardial infarction, or stent thrombosis) and effectiveness (target-lesion revascularization) endpoints were compared between DCS and BMS in the subgroup of patients satisfying the ARC-HBR definition using propensity-score modelling. From the 3,635 participants included in the combined LF & LFII dataset, 2,898 (79.7%) satisfied the ARC-HBR criteria (DCS: 1,923; BMS: 975). The primary safety endpoint occurred in 184 (9.8%) and in 132 (13.8%) participants in the DCS and BMS groups, respectively (adjusted HR: 0.72; 95% CI: 0.57-0.91; p=0.006). The risk of the primary effectiveness endpoint was also significantly lower with DCS (6.2%) vs. BMS (8.8%) (adjusted HR: 0.70; 95% CI: 0.52-0.94; p=0.016). Safety and effectiveness of DCS vs. BMS were consistent according to ARC-HBR status (p interaction = 0.206 and 0.260, respectively). CONCLUSIONS DCS are safer and more effective than BMS in an ARC-defined HBR population.
Autonomic Innervation of the Carotid Body as a Determinant of its Sensitivity - Implications for Cardiovascular Physiology and Pathology.

The motivation for this review comes from the emerging complexity of the autonomic innervation of the carotid body and its putative role in regulating chemoreceptor sensitivity. With the carotid bodies as a potential therapeutic target for numerous cardiorespiratory and metabolic diseases, an understanding of the neural control of its circulation is most relevant. Since nerve fibres track blood vessels and receive autonomic innervation, we initiate our review by describing the origins of arterial feed to the carotid body and its unique vascular architecture and blood flow. Arterial feed(s) vary amongst species and, unequivocally, the arterial blood supply is relatively high to this organ. The vasculature appears to form separate circuits inside the carotid body with one having an arterial venous anastomoses. Both sympathetic and parasympathetic nerves are present with postganglionic neurons located within the carotid body or close to it in the form of paraganglia. Their role in arterial vascular resistance control is described as is how carotid blood flow relates to carotid sinus afferent activity. We discuss non-vascular targets of autonomic nerves, their possible role in controlling glomus cell activity, and how certain transmitters may relate to function. We propose that the autonomic nerves sub-serving the carotid body provide a rapid mechanism to tune the gain of peripheral chemoreflex sensitivity based on alterations in blood flow and oxygen delivery, and might provide future therapeutic targets. However, there remain a number of unknowns regarding these mechanisms that require further research that is discussed.