Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Chapter 54. Factor XIII Deficiency

Signs and symptoms of inherited factor XIII deficiency begin soon after birth, usually with abnormal bleeding from the umbilical cord stump. If the condition is not treated, affected individuals may have episodes of excessive and prolonged bleeding that can be life-threatening. Abnormal bleeding can occur after surgery or minor trauma. The condition can also cause spontaneous bleeding into the joints or muscles, leading to pain and disability. Women with inherited factor XIII deficiency tend to have heavy or prolonged menstrual bleeding (menorrhagia) and may experience recurrent pregnancy losses (miscarriages). Other signs and symptoms of inherited factor XIII deficiency include nosebleeds, bleeding of the gums, easy bruising, problems with wound healing, bleeding after surgery, and abnormal scar formation. Inherited factor XIII deficiency also increases the risk of spontaneous bleeding inside the skull (intracranial hemorrhage), which is the leading cause of death in people with this condition.
A Meta-Analytic Review of Gender Variations in Adults' Language Use: Talkativeness, Affiliative Speech, and Assertive Speech

Three separate sets of meta-analyses were conducted of studies testing for gender differences in adults' talkativeness, affiliative speech, and assertive speech. Across independent samples, statistically significant but negligible average effects sizes were obtained with all three language constructs: Contrary to the prediction, men were more talkative (d = —.14) than were women. As expected, men used more assertive speech (d = .09), whereas women used more affiliative speech (d = .12). In addition, 17 moderator variables were tested that included aspects of the interactive context (e.g., familiarity, gender composition, activity), measurement qualities (e.g., operational definition, observation length), and publication characteristics (e.g., author gender, publication source). Depending on particular moderators, more meaningful effect sizes (d > .2) occurred for each language construct. In addition, the direction of some gender differences was significantly reversed under particular conditions. The results are interpreted in relation to social-constructionist, socialization, and biological interpretations of gender-related variations in social behavior.
Rational Management of Didymella rabiei in Chickpea by Integration of Genotype Resistance and Postinfection Application of Fungicides.

ABSTRACT Various aspects of the integration of genotype resistance and chemical control of Ascochyta blight (caused by Didymella rabiei) in chickpea were examined in field experiments from 1993 to 1999 and in greenhouse experiments. Four commercially available chickpea cultivars representing a range of resistance to D. rabiei were used. The efficacy of chemical control in a highly susceptible cultivar was significantly (P < 0.01) related to the conduciveness of the environment to the pathogen. Adequate disease suppression (>80% control) was achieved when weather supported mild epidemics, but insufficient control (<20%) was achieved when weather supported severe epidemics. The contribution of genotype resistance to disease suppression in a moderately susceptible cultivar varied from <10% when weather supported severe epidemics to approximately 60% when weather supported mild epidemics. Spraying a moderately resistant cultivar resulted in 95% control when weather supported mild epidemics, but only 65% control was achieved when weather supported severe epidemics. The existing level of resistance in a moderately resistant cultivar resulted in 70% control when weather supported severe epidemics; fungicides improved control efficacy significantly to >95%. Under mild epidemics, moderate resistance alone provided >95% control. The level of genotype resistance available in a highly resistant cultivar was sufficient to suppress the disease under all weather conditions, even without application of fungicides. The possibility of relying on postinfection rather than prophylactic application of fungicides was tested in the greenhouse and in four field experiments. Activity of the systemic fungicide tebuconazole was detected when the fungicide was applied up to 3 days postinfection, and application of tebuconazole or difenoconazole in the field as a postinfection treatment (i.e., after rain or overhead irrigation) suppressed the disease as effectively as preventive applications and required fewer sprays. In two experiments, the interaction between genotype resistance and chemical control at various amounts of irrigation applied via overhead sprinklers (as a simulation of rain) was tested. The results show that both the level of genotype resistance and the quantity of water should be taken into account in deciding whether to apply a postinfection spray.
Hepatitis C in a community in Upper Egypt: I. Cross-sectional survey.

The prevalence of antibody to hepatitis C virus (anti-HCV) was determined in a cross-sectional survey in a village in Upper Egypt. Exposure and demographic characteristics were obtained through a questionnaire. Antibody to hepatitis C virus was assessed using a second generation enzyme immunoassay, and the presence of HCV RNA was tested using a reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction. Collection of blood samples was targeted at those > or = 5 years old, and obtained from 62.8%. This report describes the community, the HCV infection characteristics of the subjects, and evaluates some factors associated with presence of anti-HCV. Of the 6,031 participants, 522 (8.7%) were anti-HCV positive. Prevalence was higher among males than females (11.3% versus 6.5%; P < 0.001). It was greater among those > 30 years of age than among those < or = 30 years of age (20.0% versus 3.6%; P < 0.001). Those who were less educated, farmed, provided health care, and were currently married had a significantly higher anti-HCV prevalence than those who were not; however, these associations were not significant after adjusting for age. Although active infections with Schistosoma haematobium were not associated with anti-HCV, a history of past infection was (age-adjusted risk ratio [RR] = 2.1, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.8, 2.4); 134 persons who had a history of receiving parenteral anti-schistosomal therapy had a higher age-adjusted RR (3.0; 95% CI = 2.5, 3.7) for anti-HCV than those who did not. Hepatitis C virus RNA was detected in 62.8% of the anti-HCV positive subjects, without significant variation by age, gender, education, or marital status. The prevalence of anti-HCV in Upper Egypt is high, albeit lower than in Lower Egypt, with continuing but limited transmission indicated by the lower prevalence in residents < or = 30 years old.
Outcomes of Visual Acuity after Paediatric Cataract Surgery at Medical College in Jhansi , ( U . P )

Background: Childhood blindness is one of the priority eye diseases within the disease controls strategy of the “VISION 2020”initiative. Aim: To evaluate postoperative visual status for distance and near after paediatric cataract surgery. Materials and Methods: It is a hospital based retrospective and prospective medical record retrieval type of cohort study. A review of paediatric cataract cases operated between September 2014 to August 2015 in department of ophthalmology at medical college, Jhansi (U.P) was done. The demographic data, preoperative, intraoperative, and postoperative details were noted. The surgical procedure included cataract extraction with intraocular lens implantation with primary posterior capsulorrhexis and anterior vitrectomy in most of the cases. The visual status of eyes was evaluated before and 6 weeks after surgery. Statistical Analysis: Univariate and multivariate type of statistical analysis using Epi-info software. Chi square test was used to calculate the change in visual acuity before and after surgery and p-value<0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: 70 eyes of 50 children were included in the study. Twenty children had bilateral, and 30 children had unilateral cataract. Most common were congenital cataracts seen in 28 eyes (40%). Distant vision following surgery was more than 6/60 in 44 eyes (62.85%). Conclusion: For the key to good visual outcomes early detection and management of cataract in children is of prime importance. Special emphasis on near vision postoperatively care should be included.
Grand-multiparity in Saudi Arabia—examining the obstetric risk

Objectives: Grand multiparity (GMP) is a term used for women who have delivered previously five or more times. Despite availability of modern obstetrical care it still remains an obstetrical risk and obstetricians consider it as a high risk pregnancy. Occurrence of GMP in developed countries has been decreasing, with the exception in some communities like Saudi Arabia. We tried to explore the relationship between obstetrical complications and grand multiparity and find out why the problem still persists despite availability of contraceptive measures. Place and duration of study: Mother and Child Hospital, Buraidah, Al-Qassim, Saudi Arabia from Jan-June 2012. Methods and Material: It was a prospective study conducted in Mother and Child hospital. Data was collected by filling a structured Proforma. GMP and women of low parity were compared by using Student t test. GMP group was asked to explain reasons for non-practicing birth spacing. SPSS-version 19 and Microsoft office 2007 for Windows 7 was used. Independent sample t test was applied to compare the means and p-value below 0.05 was considered significant. Results: The average age of the GMP subjects of the study was 38.5 years, whilst the average age of the low parity women was 27.75 years. The highest occurrence of negative health outcome observed in the GMP group was anemia 51 (24.3%) followed by preterm labor (22.3%). Regarding the data collected on failure to use contraceptives although a number of reasons served as motivation. In order of cited prevalence, Husbands will (22.4%) and fear of family (15.9%) planning methods dominated. Conclusion and recommendations: There is a significant trend that points to GMP as an obstetric risk. The most cited reason for not using contraceptives in spite of their ready availability in Saudi Arabia was the husband’s lack of co-operation and fear of contraceptive measures. These responses provide valuable insight into the reasons for such a high number of GMP women in Saudi Arabia and serve as the basis for important dialogue and future study.
Genetic variation and prevalence of blood parasites do not correlate among bird species

Models of host–parasite co-evolution suggest that parasites can exert frequency-dependent selection on their hosts, favouring rare alleles that confer resistance against widespread parasites and thus contributing to the maintenance of genetic variation, at some loci at least. If parasites are important in maintaining variation at many loci, then host species incurring a high prevalence of parasite infections should exhibit greater levels of genetic variation than host species incurring a lower prevalence. Using data from electrophoretic studies and from field surveys of haematozoan infections, we constructed a dataset including 103 species of North American and European birds to test this prediction. After controlling for sampling effort and phylogenetic influences, we found no relationship between parasite prevalence and either heterozygosity or polymorphism. These results do not support a role for parasites in the overall maintenance of genetic variation via frequency-dependent selection.
Effects of 22‐Oxacalcitriol and Calcitriol on PTH Secretion and Bone Mineral Metabolism in a Crossover Trial in Hemodialysis Patients With Secondary Hyperparathyroidism

Abstract: The purpose of this crossover comparison study is to elucidate the differences between the effects of a novel calcitriol analog, 22‐oxacalcitriol, and calcitriol on parathyroid hormone (PTH) and bone mineral metabolism in hemodialysis patients with secondary hyperparathyroidism (SHPT). Twenty‐three patients with moderate to severe SHPT were included in a random 2 × 2 crossover trial with two vitamin D analogs (12 weeks for each treatment). Two patients withdrew during the run‐in period for personal reasons. Serum electrolyte, bone metabolic marker, intact PTH (iPTH) and whole PTH (wPTH) levels were measured periodically. The primary endpoint measure was a decrease in serum iPTH level, and the secondary outcome measures included changes in serum calcium (Ca), phosphate (P), and metabolic bone marker levels. Both treatments decreased iPTH and wPTH levels by similar degrees. Serum Ca, P, and Ca × P product levels at the end of each treatment were comparable and the frequencies of hypercalcemia and hyperphosphatemia were also similar during each treatment period. 22‐Oxacalcitriol significantly decreased the levels of bone metabolic markers, namely, bone‐specific alkaline phosphate, intact osteocalcin, pyridinoline, and cross‐linked N‐telopeptide of type I collagen, after a 12‐week treatment. In contrast, calcitriol did not change any of the levels of bone metabolic markers. The present study showed that 22‐oxacalcitriol is equally effective for PTH suppression, and Ca and P metabolism. In addition, 22‐oxacalcitriol might have putative actions on bone remodeling independent of its PTH suppression. Further study is necessary to confirm the effects of 22‐oxacalcitriol on bone metabolism in SHPT.
Social Web Services Development Based on MDA : Extending WSDL to Inject Social-QoS

Injecting social networks principles into service oriented architecture falls into our research work on social Web services. This paper will focus on social Web services design and development by examining the description, discovery, and binding specifications of Web services from a social perspective. We look at approaches that adopt models to represent systems. Models may also be transformed into other models and the transformation itself is a model. Model-driven architecture is free of social elements that could be taken into account in the process of design systems. This raises questions about the appropriateness of model-driven architecture for social Web services design and development, unless proper actions are carried out to enhance model-driven architecture with appropriate means. In this paper we address the following list of issues: how are social aspects of services identified, represented, and structured in a model, how to specify a service joining a social network, how to transform social models into implementation models (e.g., SWSDL for Social WSDL), how to provide an automatic tool for this transformation?
O Programa Brasileiro de Educação em Radiologia Pediátrica (RADPED)

The Brazilian Program for Education in Pediatric Radiology aim is to create a global network for training and updating in this medical subspecialty. Since its creation, all Brazilian states and nine international institutions have participated in the monthly telesessions. In the near future the RADPED team intends to expand this network for teleconsulting in order to qualify the care of the population, especially in remote areas.
Two ideal compositions for kesterite-based solar cell devices

We report a compositional paradigm in kesterite compounds, where V<sub>OC</sub> and J<sub>SC</sub> must be optimized independently from point of view of composition. Device-grade Cu<sub>2</sub>ZnSnSe<sub>4</sub> thin films in solar cells are characterized by non-stoichiometric compositions. The reason for such a broad range is not entirely understood, and a precise “ideal” composition is not known. In this work compositionally graded Cu<sub>2</sub>ZnSnSe<sub>4</sub> films are prepared and composition is correlated to Raman spectral features and optoelectronic properties of a device based on the film. In the very Cu-poor and Zn-rich range a V<sub>OC</sub> maximum is obtained, while in the less Cu-poor and Zn-rich range a J<sub>SC</sub> maximum is obtained. In the ideal compositional range most cells are above 5% efficiency, with a maximum of 6.9% at Cu/(Zn+Sn) = 0.76 and Zn/Sn = 1.34, between the two points with maxima in V<sub>OC</sub> and J<sub>SC</sub>.
Powdered Alcohol Products: New Challenge in an Era of Needed Regulation.

In March 2015, the Alcohol and Tobacco Tax and Trade Bureau (TTB) approved several powdered alcohol products, sold under the brand name Palcohol, for sale in the United States. Powdered or crystalline alcohol is alcohol that has been absorbed into a carbohydrate (eg, dextrin), resulting in a dry state rather than its usual liquid form. Although alcohol has been converted into crystalline form for more than 200 years,1 Palcohol constitutes the first entry into a new US alcohol market. These powdered alcohol products are 50% alcohol by weight and, if mixed according to package instructions, would yield a liquid that is 10% alcohol by volume. Public health concerns about powdered alcohol focus primarily on its use in binge drinking (ie, drinking to the point of intoxication) or youth drinking and its potential for undermining retail businesses and alcohol regulations. In terms of binge drinking and alcohol poisoning, the use of powdered alcohol introduces the potential for overdose on the basis of the amount of powder used or the amount of liquid or food into which it is diluted or mixed. This is different from most wine
Emerging Role of Three‐Dimensional Speckle Tracking Strain for Accurate Quantification of Left Ventricular Dyssynchrony

A case was 53‐year‐old female with dilated‐phase hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. She was classified as New York Heart Association functional class III heart failure despite receiving optimal medical therapy. The electrocardiogram taken showed intraventricular conduction delay with a QRS width of 194 msec. The left ventricular (LV) end‐diastolic and systolic volumes, and ejection fraction (EF) were 101 mL, 68 mL, and 32%, respectively. The patient showed no significant mechanical LV dyssynchrony as evidenced by two‐dimensional (2D) speckle tracking radial strain, which is defined as the time difference between anterior‐septum and posterior wall, of 105 msec (<130 msec). Three‐dimensional (3D) speckle tracking radial strain was performed for more detailed LV mechanical dyssynchrony analysis. An especially important finding for 3D speckle tracking radial strain analysis was that the average time‐to‐peak strain of 5 septum segments at 3 different LV levels (basal‐anterior‐septum, basal‐septum, mid‐anterior‐septum, mid‐septum, apical‐septum) was significantly shorter than that of 5 posterolateral segments at 3 different LV levels (basal‐posterior, basal‐lateral, mid‐posterior, mid‐lateral, apical‐lateral). This time difference between septum and posterolateral wall was 216 msec (204 msec vs. 420 msec), which was considered to indicate significant LV mechanical dyssynchrony (≥130 msec). 12 months after cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT), EF had improved to 47%, while end‐systolic and diastolic volumes had decreased to 88 mL and 47 mL, respectively, so that the patient was classified as a responder. In conclusions, a newly developed 3D speckle tracking strain can provide a comprehensive evaluation of “true” LV mechanical dyssynchrony from pyramidal 3D data sets acquired in the same beat, thus yielding more accurate information than previously possible with the 2D speckle tracking system.
FLEX data, KRAS and ERCC1 testing in oncology.

Chicago seems the perfect conference city to visit for several days at the beginning of the summer, and one good aspect of this year’s conference was that there were no dominant data presentations – instead there was something for everyone. Clinical oncology has struggled for decades with the predicament of the toxicity of chemotherapy for the treatment of malignant disease. Some patients benefit substantially from treatment with new and expensive drugs, whereas others suffer the toxic effects without obtaining real benefit. The use of molecular markers to help identify who may benefit and who may not is one of the most exciting new areas of study in oncology.
Portable MIMO-LTE antennas for different hand-held device sizes

This paper presents a dual-band internal planar antenna suited for different phone form factors. It is shown that a high-Q self-resonating antenna element is adaptable to different platforms. The antenna aims at being frequency reconfigurable and a varactor will be used for that purpose. Simulations and measurements of S parameters, total efficiency and envelope correlation are presented at 796 MHz and 2.3 GHz for two different devices.
ANALYSIS OF SUBGROUP EFFECTS IN RANDOMIZED TRIALS WHEN SUBGROUP MEMBERSHIP IS INFORMATIVELY MISSING: APPLICATION TO THE MADIT II STUDY

In this paper, we develop and implement a methodology for drawing inference about subgroup effects in a two-arm randomized trial when subgroup status is only known for a non-random sample in each of the trial arms. The methodology is developed in the context of the MADIT II study, a randomized trial designed to evaluate the effectiveness of implantable defibrillators on survival.
Role of Partitioning-defective 1/Microtubule Affinity-regulating Kinases in the Morphogenetic Activity of Helicobacter pylori CagA*

Helicobacter pylori CagA plays a key role in gastric carcinogenesis. Upon delivery into gastric epithelial cells, CagA binds and deregulates SHP-2 phosphatase, a bona fide oncoprotein, thereby causing sustained ERK activation and impaired focal adhesions. CagA also binds and inhibits PAR1b/MARK2, one of the four members of the PAR1 family of kinases, to elicit epithelial polarity defect. In nonpolarized gastric epithelial cells, CagA induces the hummingbird phenotype, an extremely elongated cell shape characterized by a rear retraction defect. This morphological change is dependent on CagA-deregulated SHP-2 and is thus thought to reflect the oncogenic potential of CagA. In this study, we investigated the role of the PAR1 family of kinases in the hummingbird phenotype. We found that CagA binds not only PAR1b but also other PAR1 isoforms, with order of strength as follows: PAR1b > PAR1d ≥ PAR1a > PAR1c. Binding of CagA with PAR1 isoforms inhibits the kinase activity. This abolishes the ability of PAR1 to destabilize microtubules and thereby promotes disassembly of focal adhesions, which contributes to the hummingbird phenotype. Consistently, PAR1 knockdown potentiates induction of the hummingbird phenotype by CagA. The morphogenetic activity of CagA was also found to be augmented through inhibition of non-muscle myosin II. Because myosin II is functionally associated with PAR1, perturbation of PAR1-regulated myosin II by CagA may underlie the defect of rear retraction in the hummingbird phenotype. Our findings reveal that CagA systemically inhibits PAR1 family kinases and indicate that malfunctioning of microtubules and myosin II by CagA-mediated PAR1 inhibition cooperates with deregulated SHP-2 in the morphogenetic activity of CagA.
Hypotheses testing concerning relationships between spot prices of various types of coffee

In this paper hypotheses are tested concerning long-run relationships between the four indicator prices of coffee. These relationships are assumed to exist based on a previous study of the coffee market by the same author. The four coffee prices are investigated in more detail in this paper. After a brief introduction to the price formation on the coffee market the univariate properties of the coffee prices are checked first. Then the tests for co-integration, as developed by S. Johansen (1988) and S. Johansen and K. Juselius (1989) are performed. These tests appear to be very informative with respect to the way the prices may be linked in the long run, concerning the number and the form of the relationships. Specifications of three equilibrium relationships among the coffee prices are detected and commented. Copyright 1992 by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.