Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Os principais fatores do desmatamento na Amazônia (2002-2007) : uma análise econométrica e espacial

This work identified the factors of higher statistical correlation with the annual deforestation rates in the Amazon during the period between 2002 and 2007, the processes of territorialization, deterritorialization, and reterritorialization (TDR) which can be identified with the data used and analytical description of public policies to control and fight against deforestation. Starting the first clear definition of one geographical region for the analysis and the concept of deforestation to be used, identification of factors initiated by a set of independent variables found in the literature, which was prioritized by econometric analysis. The identification of TDR processes was achieved by spatialization in Geographical Information System (GIS) of the variables of higher correlation with deforestation rates. The most relevant results of the econometric analysis indicate that cattle continues as a strong explanation for the deforestation throughout the Amazon region, followed closely by the population factors and greater distance on soybean acreage. The GIS spatial analysis showed that deforestation continues to open new fronts of devastation, the example of the northern channel of the Amazon. The analytical description of the policies shows that they have different ways of entering the government agenda and the implementation, had technical improvements as time progressed, but still severely lacking clear targets and verifiable and objective analysis tools.
Deformation of olivine at 5 GPa and 350-900 degrees C

Knowledge of the rheology of the upper mantle is important for understanding both subduction-related phenomena and mantle flow in general. Here we report the results of stress relaxation experiments on San Carlos olivine at pressures between 5.3 and 1.3 GPa and from 350 to 900 degrees C. At 5 GPa and 500 degrees C the deformation best follows a model governed by long-range resistance to movement of dislocations. The yield stress of olivine has been measured at low strain rates of 10(-7) s(-1). We conclude that the upper limit for the long-term yield stress of olivine at 500 degrees C is 68 + 180/-44 MPa.We observe significant weakening and infer an associated change in deformation mechanism in olivine between 500 and 730 degrees C. This change is coincident with the limit of the seismogenic layer and the greatest elastic thickness measurements in oceanic crust. (C) 2008 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
Entrepreneurial Orientation and Network Ties: Innovative Performance of SMEs in an Emerging-Economy Manufacturing Cluster

This study investigates the role of intra-cluster ties, extra-cluster ties, and entrepreneurial orientation in shaping firms’ innovative performance. We conduct our analysis on a primary data set of 120 SMEs in the Cibaduyut footwear-manufacturing cluster, Indonesia. We find that extra-cluster ties mediate the relationship between proactiveness and innovative performance. A combination of high extra-cluster ties and risk taking exert a positive impact on innovative performance. Surprisingly, we find that risk taking negatively moderates the influence of intra-cluster ties on innovative performance. Overall, the findings of this study point to the synergistic effects of entrepreneurial orientation and extra-cluster ties on innovative performance.
What is the role of marketing capability to be a price maker? An empirical analysis in Italian food SMEs

L’industria alimentare italiana appare caratterizzata da una crescente competizione verticale, imputabile al forte potere contrattuale della grande distribuzione, e da una competizione orizzontale che incide sulla convivenza fra PMI e grandi imprese. Cio tende a ridurre la possibilita delle PMI di decidere il prezzo dei propri prodotti. D’altro canto, l’attenzione dei consumatori verso gli aspetti qualitativi degli alimenti e verso i prodotti legati al territorio puo rappresentare un’opportunita per le PMI. Le loro strategie potrebbero focalizzarsi sulla differenziazione dei prodotti, rafforzando le attivita di marketing, in modo da riuscire ad agire come price maker. Il lavoro e finalizzato a valutare la capacita delle PMI di decidere il prezzo dei propri prodotti, esaminando la relazione che esiste con le attivita di marketing delle stesse imprese. Il campione analizzato e composto da 130 PMI che producono alimenti tradizionali. Nell’analisi empirica e stato utilizzato come modello un ordinal regression. I risultati hanno evidenziato come le PMI siano caratterizzate da una certa capacita di decidere il prezzo dei propri prodotti. Inoltre, si e riscontrata una relazione positiva fra la possibilita di agire come price maker e le attivita di marketing delle imprese, indicando in particolare l’importanza della differenziazione dei prodotti e delle analisi del mercato.
INTERACTION OF HYDROXYLATED POLYCYCLIC AROMATIC HYDROCARBONS TO ESTROGEN RECEPTOR

Binding activities and estrogenic/antiestrogenic activities of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and hydroxylated PAHs (OHPAHs) having 2 to 6 rings were evaluated by competition assay and yeast two-hybrid assay expressing human estrogen receptor (hER), respectively. PAHs did not bind to hER and did not show any activity. On the other hand, OHPAHs bound to hER and several OHPAHs showed estrogenic or antiestrogenic activity. Relative estrogenic activity (REP E ) and antiestrogenic activity (REP AE ) were calculated from the values of E 2 and 4-hydroxytamoxyfen as positive controls, respectively. Several OHPAHs having 4 rings showed strongly estrogenic activity. 4-Hydroxybenzo[a]anthracene exhibited the strongest estrogenic activity (REP E = 7.5 × 10−3 ) followed by 3-hydroxybenzo[a]anthracene and 2-hydroxychrysene (REP E = 4.2 × 10−3 ). Several other 4-ring OHPAHs showed strongly antiestrogenic activity. 3-Hydroxybenzo[c]phenanthrene exhibited the strongest antiestrogenic activity (REP AE = 190) followed by 2-hydroxybenzo[c]phenanthrene (REP AE = 69) and 2- hydroxybenz [a]anthracene (REP AE = 0.42). The results suggested that there is a strong structure – activity relationship.
Extreme Events and Probability Analysis Along the United States East Coast Based on High Spatial‐Coverage Reconstructed Storm Surges

Analyzing the features of extreme events and estimating their probabilities robustly require high spatial coverage, high temporal resolution, and sufficiently long storm surge (SS) records. However, in situ observations cannot always meet these demands due to spatiotemporal sparseness. Here, we proposed a novel regional all‐site modeling framework based on a machine learning method, the extreme gradient boosting tree. This framework can reconstruct long SS records simply and quickly and can estimate storm surges simultaneously at both gauged and ungauged locations. Compared to in situ observations, the distribution patterns of SS variations during extreme events can be recognized easily from the reconstructed hourly SS data set. Since its available record is longer than 60 years (1959–2020), the estimation uncertainties of extreme event probabilities are significantly decreased. Noticeably high extreme SS return levels were found along the coast of the northern Gulf of Mexico, which should be given great attention.
Banc de test dédié au vieillissement accéléré de modules IGBT en cyclage thermique : Méthode, instrumentation, résultats

Dans les applications de transports, les composants de puissance sont frequemment places en regime de cyclage thermique actif et subissent de forts stress thermomecaniques. Les consequences en sont maintenant bien connues et, dans le cas des modules de puissance IGBT, differentes degradations peuvent survenir (wire bonds, metallisations d'emetteur,.). Une difficulte demeure qui est l'etablissement de modeles de duree de vie utilisables dans des conditions d'usage variables. Des retours d'experience et des tests sont necessaires pour progresser dans ce sens. Le papier propose presente une evolution majeure d'un banc de test developpe depuis plusieurs annees, evolution qui permet de mener des tests de cyclage actifs dans des gammes basses d'amplitudes thermiques, inaccessibles aux methodes classiques et beaucoup plus representatives des applications. Il decrira le principe du banc de test et de la methode utilisee, l'instrumentation qui a ete specialement developpee pour automatiser completement les tests et les resultats obtenus sur pres de trente echantillons.
Photoabsorption of dioxasilyrane and silanone groups at the surface of silica

The lowest singlet→singlet and singlet→triplet transitions of two point defects observed at the surface of amorphous silica, the dioxasilyrane group, =Si(O2), and the silanone group, =Si=O, have been computed by means of first-principles quantum chemical techniques using cluster models of various sizes. The lowest allowed transitions of the dioxasilyrane ring are found at ≈3 and ≈5 eV; the first excitation in silanone is computed at 5.7 eV. These values are in quantitative agreement with the observed bands and allow the unambiguous assignment of the observed optical transitions in the surface of activated silica to the =Si(O2) and =Si=O point defects.
Química de sistemas supramoleculares constituídos por porfirinas e complexos metálicos

Supramolecular chemistry is expected to keep a high developing pace in the next years, giving support to the advancement of molecular devices and nanotechnology. In this sense, porphyrins and their analogues should play a significant role as a consequence of their catalytic, electrocatalytic, photochemical and photoelectrochemical properties. In this review we focused on our own strategy based on coordination chemistry for the design and build-up of supermolecules and supramolecular structures constituted by polynuclear porphyrins and metalloporphyrins. Included are also their properties and potential applications.
Study of copper(II) location and adsorbate interaction in CuH-SAPO-34 molecular sieve by electron spin resonance and electron spin echo modulation spectroscopies

H-SAPO-34 doped with Cu(II) ions is studied by electron spin resonance (ESR) and electron spin echo modulation (ESEM) techniques. In the hydrated sample Cu(II) was determined to be octahedrally coordinated to three framework oxygens and three water molecules. The most likely location for this copper ion complex to reside is at a site displaced from the hexagonal window into the ellipsoidal cavity. Upon dehydration at 400 o C two distinct Cu(II) complexes are generated
A critical note on density functional theory studies on rare-gas dimers

In recent literature, some authors claim to have successfully applied density functional theory (DFT) methods to the attractive interaction between rare-gas atoms. In this note, we make a critical survey of these works and come to the conclusion that, in contrast to the claims made, state-of-the-art DFT methods are incapable of accounting for dispersion effects in a quantitative way.
Endcapping of high performance liquid chromatography packings derived from silica gel

The effect of endcapping a reversed phase chromatographic packing material derived from silica gel depends on the degree of derivatization of the phase. The effect can be dramatic for phases with low loading. Whether an octadecylated silica gel has been endcapped or not can be ascertained by chromatographing the pair naphthalene/1-nitronaphthalene with a water/methanol eluent producing at least k' ≈ 10 for naphthalene. The ratio of the two k' values is 1.4 or higher for an endcapped material, while it is only 1.1 -1.2 for a non-endcapped phase. A similar approach fails to give conclusions of similar utility for octylated silica gels.
Synthesis of biobased phenolic resins/adhesives with methylolated wood‐derived bio‐oil

Bio-oil from the hydrothermal liquefaction of Eastern White Pine (Pinus strobus L.) sawdust was methylolated with formaldehyde in the presence of sodium hydroxide. The obtained methylolated bio-oil (MB) was used to synthesize methylolated bio-oil–phenol formaldehyde (MBPF) resol resins with a phenol substitution ratio of up to 75 wt %. All of the resins were used as wood adhesives for the production of a three-layered plywood. The MBPF resol resins were comprehensively characterized for their physical, chemical, thermal, and mechanical properties (e.g., viscosity, nonvolatile content, shelf life, free formaldehyde level, molecular weight and distribution, curing temperature, bonding strength) when used as plywood adhesives. All of the MBPF resins contained similar nonvolatile contents as the reference pure phenol formaldehyde (PF) resin but had higher viscosities and shorter shelf lives, depending on the amount of MB in the MBPF. All of the MBPF resins displayed a lower curing temperature than the reference PF resin, with the main curing peak around 140°C, which was similar to that of the pure PF resin. According to thermogravimetric analysis, the methylolation treatment of bio-oil improved the thermal stability of the MBPF resins compared to the bio-oil–PF resol resins, which used untreated bio-oil. The dry/wet bonding strengths of the plywood specimens glued with the MBPF resol resins with up to 60 wt % phenol substitution exceeded or were comparable to those of the conventional PF resol resin. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2012
Mentoring and peer support for autistic students

This presentation reflected on two projects in relation to the wellbeing of autistic people. The first a project that examined the accounts of autistic people in terms of wellbeing and quality of life. The second part of the presentation relates this work to a pilot mentoring project that measured improvements in overall wellbeing as well as progress toward goals (set by the mentees).
Effects of incorporating technique and silver colloid content on antibacterial performance for thermoplastic films

Antibacterial efficacies of various thermoplastics, such as medium-density polyethylene (MDPE), polystyrene (PS), polyethylene terephthalate (PET) and polyvinyl chloride (PVC) containing nano-silver colloids were studied under a wide range of testing conditions. The effects of nano-silver colloid content and the silver-polymer contact time were of our main interests and quantitatively assessed by shake flask method coupled with a plate-count-agar (PCA) technique using Escherichia coli as testing bacteria. Two different methods were used for incorporating the nano-silver colloids into the thermoplastics, these being spray-coating and melt-blending techniques. The experimental results suggested that all neat thermoplastics alone could not generally inhibit the E. coli growth, suggesting that all thermoplastics exhibited nonbactericidal behavior. However, neat PVC appeared to show a retarding effect for the E. coli growth. In addition, coating silver colloid onto all types of thermoplastic substrates could inhibit the E. coli growth up to 99.9% at the optimum silver content of 50 ppm for PS, PET and PVC and of 75 ppm for MDPE. The optimum contact time for all thermoplastics was 150 min. Among the thermoplastics used, PVC exhibited the highest % E. coli reduction, and this was confirmed by the higher silver content via Atomic Absorption Spectrometry (AAS) technique. For a given silver content, the spray-coating technique could give better dispersion level of silver throughout the thermoplastic films and this led to more effective antibacterial performance as compared with the dry-blending technique. In PVC sample, the contact angle value appeared to increase with the addition of silver content for both incorporating techniques. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2011.
Security and Privacy for the Internet of Things

The Internet of Things (IoT) represents a great opportunity to connect people, information, and things, which will in turn cause a paradigm shift in the way we work, interact, and think. The IoT is envisioned as the enabling technology for smart cities, power grids, health care, and control systems for critical installments and public infrastructure. This diversity, increased control and interaction of devices, and the fact that IoT systems use public networks to transfer large amounts of data make them a prime target for cyber attacks. In addition, IoT devices are usually small, low cost and have limited resources. Therefore, any protocol designed for IoT systems should not only be secure but also efficient in terms of usage of chip area, energy, storage, and processing. This presentation will start by highlighting the unique security requirements of IoT devices and the inadequacy of existing security protocols and techniques of the Internet in the context to IoT systems. Next, we will focus on security solutions for the IoT, with special focus on protection against physical and side channel attacks. In particular, we will focus on mutual authentication protocols for IoT devices based on security primitives that exploit hardware level characteristics of IoT devices.
Klasifikasi Hate Speech Berbahasa Indonesia di Twitter Menggunakan Metode Naive Bayes dan Seleksi Fitur Information Gain dengan Normalisasi Kata

Hate speech atau ujaran kebencian adalah tindakan yang sering dilakukan oleh sebagian kelompok di masyarakat untuk memprovokasi kebencian dan tindakan kekerasan terhadap seseorang atau kelompok lain karena berbagai alasan. Kasus hate speech sangat sering kita jumpai di media sosial, salah satunya di Twitter. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk membuat sebuah sistem yang mampu mengklasifikasikan sebuah tweet pada Twitter ke dalam kelas hate speech ataupun kelas non hate speech. Metode yang digunakan adalah Naive Bayes dan seleksi fitur Information Gain dengan normalisasi kata. Normalisasi kata digunakan untuk mengatasi permasalahan pada Twitter seperti banyaknya penyingkatan kata, penggunaan bahasa gaul, kesalahan eja, dan penggunaan bahasa yang tidak sesuai dengan standar yang ada. Normalisasi kata yang digunakan berasal dari Pujangga Indonesian Natural Language Processing REST API. Data yang digunakan pada penelitian ini berjumlah 250 data tweet hate speech berbahasa Indonesia dengan perbandingan 80% untuk data latih dan 20% untuk data uji. Threshold yang digunakan pada penelitian ini adalah sebesar 20%, 40%, 60%, 80%, dan 90%. Threshold adalah ambang batas yang ditentukan untuk menyimpan kumpulan term atau kumpulan kata yang akan digunakan untuk menyeleksi kata-kata yang memiliki nilai tinggi pada proses seleksi fitur Information Gain. Hasil akurasi terbaik diperoleh dengan menggunakan normalisasi kata pada tahap pre-processing dan menggunakan seleksi fitur Information Gain dengan threshold 80%. Hasil akurasi terbaik yang didapatkan adalah sebesar 98%, nilai precision sebesar 100%, nilai recall sebesar 96,15%, dan nilai f-measure sebesar 98,03%. Berdasarkan hasil yang diperoleh, dapat diambil kesimpulan bahwa pada saat melakukan klasifikasi hate speech berbahasa Indonesia di Twitter menggunakan Naive Bayes dan seleksi fitur Information Gain dengan normalisasi kata mampu meningkatkan hasil akurasi menjadi lebih baik.
AGGREGATION OF MONOVINYL‐ and DIVINYL‐PROTOCHLOROPHYLLIDE IN ORGANICSOLVENTS *

Abstract— Two different protochlorophyllides (PChlide), PChlide 629/433 (absorption data in methanol) and PChlide 630/441 (the monovinyl (MV) and divinyl (DV) forms) were isolated from the pigment mutant C‐2A'of Scenedesmus obliquus. Their spectroscopic behaviour in several organic solvents and their aggregation in toluene was investigated. In polar solvents such as ether, acetonitril or acetone, absorption maxima similar to those in methanol were observed, while in solvents such as tetrahydrofuran and pyridine a bathochromic shift of the blue absorption band compared to the spectra in methanol occurred. The absorption maxima of MV‐PChlide shifted from 629 nm and 433 nm in methanol (monomeric form), to 631 nm and 443 nm in toluene (aggregated form). The absorption maxima of DV‐PChlide shifted from 630 nm and 441 nm in methanol to 655 nm and 483 nm in toluene (aggregated form). The fluorescence excitation and emission spectra of the two protochlorophyllides yielded the according results. The aggregation process was faster for DV‐PChlide than for MV‐PChlide and was reversible upon addition of small amounts of polar solvents. The similarity of the spectral characteristics of the aggregated forms of the different protochlorophyllides after toluene treatment with those reported for “active”‐PChlide in vivo are discussed.
P8: P4 With Predictable Packet Processing Performance

Data plane programmability brings network flexibility to a new level. However, it introduces the complexity of the data path’s program as a new factor that influences packet forwarding latency and thus devices’ performance. Accurate identification of the relation between data path complexity and packet forwarding latency enables the design and management of networks with predictable performance. In this article, we leverage the characteristics of P4 programming language to provide a method for estimating the packet forwarding latency as a function of the data path program. We analyze the impact of different P4 constructs on packet processing latency for three state-of-the-art P4 devices: Netronome SmartNIC, NetFPGA-SUME, and T4P4S DPDK-based software switch. Besides comparing the performance of these three targets, we use the derived results to propose a method for estimating the average packet latency, at compilation time, of arbitrary P4-based network functions implemented using the surveyed P4 constructs. The proposed method is finally validated using a set of realistic network functions, which shows that our method estimates the average packet latency with sub-microsecond precision.
Stability of crystalline Gd2O3 thin films on silicon during rapid thermal annealing

We investigate the impact of rapid thermal anneals on structural and electrical properties of crystalline Gd2O3 layers grown on Si with different orientations. Due to additional oxygen from the annealing ambient, a structureless two-layer stack (silicon-oxide-like and silicate-like) between the silicon and the crystalline oxide will be formed. The degradation of layers can be significantly reduced by sealing the layer with a-Si prior to annealing. For the capped layers, the effective capacitance equivalent thickness increases only slightly even after a 1000 °C anneal.
Chain Length Dependence of the Structure and Wetting Properties in Binary Composition Monolayers of OH- and CH3-Terminated Alkanethiolates on Gold

Equimolar, binary-component, self-assembled monolayers (SAMs) of -S(CH 2 ) 15 CH 2 OH and -S(CH 2 ) (15+m) -CH 3 , with m varied systematically from -6 to +6, were prepared on evaporated gold films by self-assembly from ethanol solutions of the corresponding thiols. Single-wavelength ellipsometry, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and infrared reflection spectroscopy (IRS) were used to monitor the coverage, composition, and chain conformational order, respectively, in the air/SAM structures, while liquid drop contact angle measurements with hydrogen-bonding and hydrocarbon liquids were used to probe the structural and chemical characteristics at the liquid/SAM interface. Both the IRS C-H stretching mode characteristics and the hydrocarbon liquid contact angles show sharp changes as m increases through the region of -4 to 0, while the hydrogen-bonding liquid contact angles remain essentially constant across the range of m values. The combined data lead to a general structural model in which monolayer structures shift from randomly placed, protruding HO-terminated chain segments which screen the underlying CH 3 surface at low m to contiguously placed, protruding CH 3 -terminated chains, organized in clusters and extending away from the underlying CH 2 OH surface at high m. These structures require that the monolayers approach random mixing at low m but be phase-segregated at high m.