Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Prostate-specific membrane antigen in prostate cancer imaging and treatment

Despite the prevalence of prostate cancer (PC), conventional imaging such as computed tomography (CT), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and bone scintigraphy have significant limitations in identifying the disease, leading to problems with diagnosis and management. Prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) is a membrane-bound protein that is heavily expressed on PC cells. Radiolabeled antibodies and small molecule inhibitors of PSMA have allowed for imaging with positron emission tomography (PET). These novel PET agents have been studied in a variety of clinical scenarios. Compared to conventional imaging, they are better able to detect localized disease and regional lymph nodes, reveal disease at the time of biochemical recurrence, and identify oligometastatic sites for targeted radiation therapy. While PSMA-PET appears superior to conventional imaging, it also has limitations with sensitivity in certain settings. Additionally, current reports on PSMA-PET imaging in PC are largely retrospective reviews. Well-designed prospective clinical trials should be conducted in order to understand the true potential of this novel imaging modality.
Demographic Profile of Pediatric Malignancies in Himachal Pradesh

Abstract Context: Pediatric malignancy is on the rise worldwide, and it is imperative to know the profile of pediatric malignancy in different geographical areas so as to formulate effective strategy to its control. As there are no data from this part, especially the Himalayan region of North India, the present study was planned. Aims: The aims of this study were to study the pattern and demographic profile of pediatric malignancies at a tertiary care teaching hospital in Himachal Pradesh. Settings and Design: This was a hospital-based, prospective, nonrandomized, observational study. Subjects and Methods: Pattern and demographic profile of clinically suspected malignancies in children and adolescents (0–18 years) over a period of 1 year from June 2012 to May 2013 in the Department of Pediatrics and Radiotherapy. Statistical Analysis Used: Data were analyzed statistically using Epi Info software for all ratios and proportions. Results:: A total of 31 children were diagnosed to have malignancy, which accounted for 0.86% of total admissions with a male-to-female ratio of 1.58:1.The three most common childhood malignancies were leukemia (29.03%), central nervous system (CNS) tumors (25.80%), and lymphoma (19.35%), and these were followed by Wilm's tumor and hepatoblastoma, each accounting for 06.45% of total childhood malignancies. Hematological malignancies accounted for 48.38% and nonhematological malignancies for 51.62% of all the malignancies. Acute lymphoblastic leukemia was the most common hematological malignancy noted in 22.58%, followed equally by Hodgkin's disease and non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (20% of total hematological malignancies). Among nonhematological malignancies, CNS malignancies were the most common. In the age group of 0–5 years, all cases of neuroblastoma, yolk sac tumor, and ovarian tumor and 50% cases of hepatoblastoma and Wilm's tumor were seen. In the age group of 5–10 years, leukemia (44.44%) was the most common malignancy followed by lymphoma (33.33%). In 14–18 years, CNS malignancies (50%) were the most common malignancies followed by lymphoma (33.33%). Conclusions: Hematological malignancies are the most common malignancies in the pediatric age group, and acute leukemia was the single most common pediatric malignancy, and CNS malignancies were the most common nonhematological malignancies.
GEINO 1402: A phase Ib dose-escalation study followed by an extension phase to evaluate safety and efficacy of crizotonib in combination with temozolomide (TMZ) and radiotherapy (RT) in patients with newly diagnosed glioblastoma (GB): Results of the dose-escalation phase.

2054Background: Crizotinib is an ALK, ROS-1 and c-MET inhibitor with an interesting rationale to be tested in NDGB due to the role of MET signaling in gliomagenesis and stem cell maintenance and capability of midkine, a recently discovered ALK ligand, to promote resistance of glioma cells to anticancer therapies such as RT and TMZ. Primary objective of this trial was to determine maximum tolerated dose (MTD) and recommended phase 2 dose (RP2D) of crizotinib in combination with RT and TMZ. Methods: Eligible patients received crizotinib with standard RT and TMZ and afterwards continued crizotinib daily with sequential adjuvant TMZ. Additional treatment with crizotinib beyond 6 TMZ cycles was allowed at the discretion of physician. Crizotinib MTD was determined using a standard “3+3” dose escalation design. Dose-limiting toxicities were observed during the first 12 weeks of therapy. Results: 12 patients (median age: 53,5 (33-60 y)) were enrolled in 3 crizotinib cohorts (200 mg/QD, 250 mg/QD and 200 mg/BID).
Anticytokine Therapy: The Newer Horizons Revisited

supporting structures of the teeth.1 Specific periodontal pathogens, such as the Gram-negative anaerobic bacteria inhabiting within the subgingival plaque, are associated with the progressive form of the disease. Although bacteria are the major etiological agents, the host immune response to these bacteria is of fundamental importance.2,3 Hence, it is evident that periodontitis is a multifactorial disease, associated with specific microorganisms, social and behavioral factors, genetic or epigenetic trait, all of which are modulated and controlled by the underlying immune and inflammatory responses of the host. Inflammation in periodontitis causes elevated T-lymphocytes, neutrophils, monocytes, and dendritic cells at the inflammatory site and becomes activated by virulence factors, antigens (lipopolysaccharides) or products from bacteria. These activated cells secrete proinflammatory cytokines and inflammatory mediators like IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α, IL-7, IL-17, MMPs, and PGE2, which accelerate osteoclastic development and activities through receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa B/receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa B ligand (RANK/RANKL) pathway, leading to alveolar bone destruction and extracellular matrix degradation.4 Host modulation therapy is one of the modalities to prevent and treat periodontal diseases by regulating the proinflammatory cytokines and inflammatory mediators.5,6 The various approaches for host modulation are: (1) inhibition of MMPs through subantimicrobial dose of doxycycline and chemically modified tetracyclines, (2) inhibition of arachidonic acid metabolite through nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, (3) modulation of bone metabolism through bisphosphonates and hormone replacement therapy, (4) regulation of immune and inflammatory response through suppressing proinflammatory cytokines (anticytokine therapy) and oxidative stress, (5) proresolution of inflammation by endogenous lipid mediator through resolvins. Therefore, the use of anticytokine therapy along with conventional treatments, such as scaling and root planing has shown to be advantageous.7
Blivende psykiatere bør få veiledning i både psykodynamisk og kognitiv terapi

Hittil har den treårige psykoterapiveiledningen bestått av to år obligatorisk såkalt grunnleggende veiledning med fokus på forholdet mellom lege og pasient med utgangspunkt i psykodynamisk teori og ett år valgfri veiledning i enten psykodynamisk psykoterapi, kognitiv atferdsterapi eller gruppeterapi. Ordningen har medført at mange utdanningskandidater har fått all sin veiledning innenfor den psykodynamiske tradisjonen, ettersom både den grunnleggende veiledningen og veiledningen i gruppeterapi har vært basert på denne tradisjonen.
Effects of Diet and Management Practices on Turkey and Broiler Meat Quality and Muscle Myopathies

WU, CAROL. Effects of Diet and Management Practices on Turkey and Broiler Meat Quality and Muscle Myopathies. (Under the direction of Dr. Kimberly A. Livingston) A series of three experiments were conducted to determine the effects of diet and management practices on turkey meat quality and muscle myopathies, namely white striping (WS) and wooden breast (WB). In Manuscript I, different stocking densities (m/bird) were examined on turkeys and its effect on welfare, meat quality, and economic impact. Overall, as stocking density decreased, body weight increased with no differences in feed conversion ratio (FCR) or feed intake (FI). Birds with a lower stocking density did have a higher thigh yield (%); however, there no other differences in regards to meat quality or yield were observed. Stocking density did not impact mortality. In Manuscript II, supplemental levels of Glutamine (Gln) and Arginine (Arg) were examined to determine their effect on live performance, blood physiology, meat yield, and quality on broilers. Supplemental Gln and Arg had no significant effect on live performance parameters or meat yield. Supplemental Gln did initially exhibit decreased levels of blood pH, partial oxygen, total carbon dioxide, and glutamine. However, as broilers got older, the differences in blood chemistry neutralized. Supplemental Gln and Arg exacerbated WB with no differences in WS. In Manuscript III, diets containing salt and sodium bicarbonate as well as differing levels of physical activity in broilers were also compared to determine their effect on live performance, blood physiology, meat yield, and quality on broilers. Broilers who were more active exhibited higher body weights with no differences in FCR; however, the differences in body weight did not translate to improved dressing yield. Birds fed sodium bicarbonate there was a trend for increased WS score with no differences in WB. © Copyright 2018 Carol Wu All Rights Reserved Effects of Diet and Management Practices on Turkey and Broiler Meat Quality and Muscle Myopathies
The Relationship between Eccentric Occlusion with Temporomandibular Disorders (TMD) and Para-functional Habits among Dentistry Students of Tabriz University of Medical Sciences in 2017

Aim: The aim of this study is to investigate the relationship between side occlusion with temporomandibular joint problems (TMD) and parafunctional habits among Dentistry Students of Tabriz University of Medical Sciences. Materials and Methods: In this cross - sectional study, 98 students from the School of Dentistry of Tabriz University of Medical Sciences were randomly selected, and the occlusion was also examined. Data from the study were analyzed using descriptive statistics and chi-square test software SPSS 17. Results: In this study, 16.33 % of population had Group function occlusion, 13.23 % had Anterior Group function occlusion and 70.4 % had canine raise occlusion. 3.1% of people had functional Paralympic symptoms of Bruxism and 6.1 % were marked with Parafunctional clenching. The study population consisted, all patients with Group function occlusion that had para-functional habits. However, in patients with canine raised occlusion, 63.3 % para-functional habit parameters, 2 % has Bruxism and 1.5 % had clenching. Conclusions: a significant relationship was not observed between side occlusion with parafunctional habits and TMD problems among students of Tabriz University of Medical Sciences.
A Diagnosis that Escapes Our Attention: Short QT Syndrome

Short QT sydrome (SQT) is one of the rarely seen arythmia causes related to sudden cardiac death. An important part of the patients are diagnosed during the examination due to cardiac arrest. Therefore, diagnosing asymptomatic patients is lifesaving. In this case report, we presented a five-year old asymptomatic female patient how to put the SQT diagnosis. There was no complaint of the patient who had been directed to pediatric cardiology polyclinic due to murmur. In her electrocardiography (EKG), QTc duration was determined in lower limits. However, when the patient’s family history was examined in a detailed way, suspicious deaths were recognized. In the patient’s 24-hour holter EKG; SQT was diagnosed by establishing average QTc duration as 340 ms together with sharp, narrow T waves. Satolol treatment was initiated to the patient. To diagnose asymptomatic SQT patients, a decent family history must be obtained. Spot EKG is insufficient to rule out the diagnosis. All patients with suspicious death histories in their familieis must be directed to pediatric cardiologists.
Cadasil, Migraine and Multiple Sclerosis (MS)-The Risk of Misdiagnosis, Case Report

Diagnostic criteria for multiple sclerosis (MS) have been changing for years to enable easier and faster ways to confirm diagnosis especially during last decade. They lead to earlier treatment of patients with MS what gives higher likelihood to keep patients fit and capable of working. Dissemination in time (DIT) and in space (DIS) are general rules which are necessary to diagnose MS what was maintained in all diagnostic criteria, which have been published up till now[1]. Current criteria were published in 2017 and enable diagnosing MS even in patients, who earlier could not have MS diagnosed. This results from the facts that CSF oligoclonal bands present in patients with DIS without DIT are enough to MS diagnose[2]. Cerebral Autosomal Dominant Arteriopathy with Subcortical Infarcts and Leukoencephalopathy (CADASIL) is a disease of small vessels related to gene NOTCH3 mutations leading to symptoms of migraine with aura, recurrent ischemic incidences, cognitive impairment and behavioral disturbance.
Prevalence of Mycobacterium tuberculosis Infection in Suspected Patients in a Teaching Hospital in Northeastern Iran: A Cross-Sectional Study

Background: Mycobacterium tuberculosis is an infectious agent responsible for major health problems and a large number of mortalities. The prevalence of Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection varies across countries. Knowing the infection prevalence can aid in improving public health and reduce the associated costs. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of tuberculosis (TB) infection in suspected cases in Mashhad, Iran.Methods: All the clinical specimens suspected of TB infection were sent to a laboratory for diagnosis during -March 2017 to March 2018. The samples were analyzed microscopically using Ziehl–Neelsen staining, by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) to identify the Mycobacterium tuberculosis species using IS6110 primers, and the samples were also grown on Lowenstein–Jensen medium.Results: Of 2,755 clinical samples analyzed, 153 (5.55%) were identified as Mycobacterium tuberculosis-positive, of which 54.9% originated from females and 45.1% from males. The highest rate of infection was observed in spring, especially in May (15%). Most TB cases were found in patients in VIP (43.1%), thorax (17%), and internal (15%) wards. TB infection was mostly detected in bronchial tube (70%) and sputum (23.5%) samples. The most common positive smear was 1+ (36%). Of the 153 cases, (147) 96.1% were culture –positive and 2% were PCR-negative also 84.3% were smear –positive.Conclusion: The highest rate of infection occurred in spring, when the number of religious tourists entering the city was at its peak. Considering the sensitive location of this city, awareness regarding TB status can lead to improved health in the community and development of basic strategies to control and eliminate the transmission of this infection from Mashhad to other areas.
Focusing on physical symptoms and psychological trauma of patients with bruxism

Background: The aim of this study is to compare physical symptoms and childhood psychological trauma levels of bruxism patients with healty controls and to establish its relevance with sociodemographics. Method: This research was conducted in Mustafa Kemal University Tayfur Ata Sokmen Medical School Department of Psychiatry and Faculty of Dentistry on 57 patients with bruxism and on 57 healthy controls who agreed to join the research. Rugh and Harlan’s criteria of selection is used for clinical decision of Bruxism. Socialdemographics data sheet, Somatosensory Amplification Scale (SSAS) and Childhood Trauma Questionnaire (CTQ) are applied by clinicians. Results: Mean age of patients with bruxism was found to be 28.7±9.1 year and 63.1% (n=36) are women, 54.3% (n=31) has low socioeconomic status. There was statistically significant between mean SSAS score of patients with bruxism and mean SSAS score of control group, but there was no statistically significant between the mean CTQ value of bruxism patients and the mean CTQ value of control group. There was significantly correlation between the CTQ score and SSAS score. Conclusion: In our research we suggest that among patients with bruxism there is an increase of focusing on physical symptoms and there is a possitive correlation between psychologic trauma and physical symptoms. This founding points out that patients with bruxism might perceive normal physical sensations as intense, annoying and noxious. Individuals with bruxism seeking medical advice from different clinics is best consulted to psychiatry clinics for diagnosis and treatment for determination of any underlying causes.
Ozone Therapy in the Treatment of Periodontal Disease

The main goal of the conventional periodontal therapy is to control infection and thereby curb disease progression. The mechanical removal of the oral biofilm and adjunctive use of antimicrobial agents have been the conventional methods for periodontal therapy. However, no consensus has been reached on whether conventional periodontal therapy can eliminate periodontal pathogens. It has been known that medical ozone therapy eliminated 260 different pathogens. Thus, applications of medical ozone may provide a potential benefit in the treatment of periodontal diseases by reducing and eradicating subgingival periodontopathogenic species in inaccessible sites.
Cholestatic Jaundice (Cholestasis, Cholestatic Hepatitis)

Cholestasis is defined as stagnation, or at least a marked reduction, in bile secretion and flow. Cholestasis can be due to a functional impairment of the hepatocytes in the secretion of bile and/or due to an obstruction at any level of the excretory pathway of bile, from the level of the hepatic parenchymal cells at the basolateral (sinusoidal) membrane of the hepatocyte to the ampulla of Vater in the duodenum. Cholestatic jaundice can thus be classified into intrahepatic or extrahepatic cholestasis, depending upon the level of obstruction to bile flow. Intrahepatic cholestasis or functional cholestasis can be due to a disease involving the liver parenchymal cells and/or the intrahepatic bile ducts. Intrahepatic cholestasis can be further subclassified as intralobular (disease of liver parenchymal cells and transporter molecules) and extralobular (disease involving intrahepatic bile ducts) cholestasis. Extrahepatic cholestasis or obstructive cholestasis is due to excretory block outside of the liver, along with the extrahepatic bile ducts Clinically, cholestasis leads to retention of the constituents of bile in blood. The 2 major constituents of bile are bilirubin and bile acids. Thus biochemically, cholestasis is marked by the elevation of predominantly serum alkaline phosphatase. Histologically, the retention of bilirubin in the hepatocytes, bile canaliculi, or bile ducts causes bilirubinostasis and is clinically manifested as jaundice. The stagnation of bile acids, on the other hand, causes typical changes in the periportal region of the liver which is termed as cholate stasis and presents clinically as pruritus. As the excretion of bilirubin follows hepatocellular pathways different from those of bile acids, serum bilirubin level may be normal in certain cases of severe cholestasis (anicteric cholestasis), and the patient may present with only pruritus but no jaundice. Prominent features of cholestasis are pruritus and malabsorption of fat and fat-soluble vitamins.
Leukoencephalopathy in Mitochondrial Neurogastrointestinal Encephalomyopathy-Like Syndrome with Polymerase-Gamma Mutations

Mitochondrial neurogastrointestinal encephalomyopathy (MNGIE) syndrome, caused by mutations in the thymidine phosphorylase gene, manifests as a multisystemic disorder characterized by severe gastrointestinal dysmotility, cachexia, ptosis and ophthalmoparesis, peripheral neuropathy, and leukoencephalopathy. These clinical manifestations, with the exception of leukoencephalopathy, are mimicked by MNGIE-like syndrome, linked to polymerase-gamma (POLG) gene. Here, we report a 49-year-old Chinese man with MNGIE-like syndrome involved leukoencephalopathy and was associated with novel POLG mutations. This case expands the clinical spectrum of MNGIE-like syndrome.
Adipocyte-Derived Plasma Protein, Adiponectin, Suppresses Lipid Accumulation and Class A Scavenger Receptor Expression in Human Monocyte-Derived Macrophages

Background—Excessive lipid accumulation in macrophages plays an important role in the development of atherosclerosis. Recently, we discovered an adipocyte-specific plasma protein, adiponectin, that is decreased in patients with coronary artery disease. We previously demonstrated that adiponectin acts as a modulator for proinflammatory stimuli and inhibits monocyte adhesion to endothelial cells. The present study investigated the effects of adiponectin on lipid accumulation in human monocyte-derived macrophages. Methods and Results—Human monocytes were differentiated into macrophages by incubation in human type AB serum for 7 days, and the effects of adiponectin were investigated at different time intervals. Treatment with physiological concentrations of adiponectin reduced intracellular cholesteryl ester content, as determined using the enzymatic, fluorometric method. The adiponectin-treated macrophages contained fewer lipid droplets stained by oil red O. Adiponectin suppressed the expression of the class.
Molar pregnancy with a coexisting live fetus as a challenge for perinatology. A mini-review with two case reports

Coexistence of a molar pregnancy with a live fetus is a rare and complex clinical condition. Twin pregnancies with a healthy fetus and a hydatidiform mole arise in one in 20,000-100,000 pregnancies, depending on data. This article reviews available literature on pregnancies with coexistence of a hydatidiform mole and a live fetus, and presents two case reports. Successful diagnosis is based on multiple elements e.g. experience in sonography and prenatal diagnosis. There are no clear guidelines for how to proceed with this pathology, therefore the management strategies remain uncertain. Parents must be aware of increased risk of intrauterine fetal growth restriction, fetal distress, premature labor, preeclampsia, thyrotoxicosis, hemorrhage, and gestational trophoblastic neoplasia associated with this condition. Management in these pregnancies depends on the individual expectation of the pregnant woman, and parents should be made aware of the low probability of favourable outcome for the fetus. A large case series of molar pregnancies with a coexisting live fetus could be useful to establish evidence-based management guidelines.