Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of atomoxetine for first-line treatment of newly diagnosed, treatment-naïve children and adolescents with attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder

Abstract Objective: To test the hypothesis that first-line treatment with atomoxetine provides superior efficacy than placebo for up to 12 weeks in improving the symptoms of Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD). Research design and methods: This double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled, parallel clinical trial included 151 treatment-naïve children (n = 113) and adolescents (n = 38) with newly diagnosed (≤3 months) ADHD. Atomoxetine dose was uptitrated from 0.5 to 1.2 mg/kg/day after two weeks. Outcome assessments included the ADHD Rating Scale-IV-Parent-reported Investigator-rated (ADHDRS-IV-Parent:Inv), the Clinical Global Impression of Severity of ADHD (CGI-ADHD-S), and the incidence of adverse events. Mixed-model repeated measures analysis was used to compare scale score changes between groups. Clinical trial registration: Trial registered at www.clinicaltrials. gov (study internal code: B4Z-XM-LYDM, identifier: NCT00191945). Results: Most patients were male (79.2%), of caucasian origin (96.0%) and severely ill (72.5%). Their mean age was 10.3 years. Atomoxetine-treated patients showed greater reductions from baseline to week 12 of total ADHDRS-IV-Parent:Inv score than placebo-treated patients (least square mean difference: −7.9 [95% CI: −11.0 to −4.8], corresponding to a large effect size of 0.8). Between-group mean differences increased progressively with treatment exposure from week 6 to 12 (−2.7 [−4.9 to −0.6] for total and −1.6 [−2.9 to −0.3] for inattention scores). At the end of the study, 50% of atomoxetine-treated patients (14% with placebo) showed a reduction ≥40% in total ADHDRS-IV-Parent:Inv score, and only 29% (46% with placebo) were severely ill (by CGI-ADHD-S). Treatment-related adverse events were significantly more frequent with atomoxetine (65.0%) than with placebo (37.3%), the most frequent being decreased appetite and somnolence. Only one case of decreased appetite was rated as severe. No patient discontinued treatment because of adverse events. Conclusions: A continued improvement of symptoms is expectable until 12 weeks in treatment-naïve ADHD patients treated with atomoxetine as first-line medication. Chief limitations are the small, national sample size and the absence of data beyond the 12-week time-point.
The natural history of the pituitary incidentaloma.

BACKGROUND The wide availability of computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging has resulted in the discovery of unsuspected endocrinologically silent pituitary masses (incidentalomas). Because the natural history of this entity is not known, the approach to the pituitary incidentaloma has not been established. OBJECTIVE To determine the natural history of untreated pituitary incidentaloma, recognizing that this includes lesions of various causes. METHODS Thirty-one adults with incidentalomas were prospectively followed up conservatively for a mean of 6.4 years (range, 3 to 11 years). Clinical and biochemical assessment, computed tomography or magnetic resonance imaging of the pituitary, and visual field testing by Goldmann perimetry at baseline, 6 months, and yearly thereafter were the outcomes assessed. RESULTS Only patients with pituitary incidentalomas greater than 10 mm in greatest diameter developed tumor enlargement or complications. Three patients developed asymptomatic tumor enlargement. In four patients, masses decreased in size. Only two patients developed complications. One required subsequent surgery. The only permanent impairment was panhypopituitarism following surgery in this patient. CONCLUSIONS Patients with pituitary incidentalomas of unknown causes usually follow a benign course for at least 6 years after discovery. Neurosurgical intervention is not initially required in the management of is not initially required in the management of pituitary incidentalomas, particularly those less than 10 mm, as long as clinical observation can be continued.
Analysis of Classification Techniques for Mining Reviews Using Lexicon and WordNet Using R

with the exponential growth of social media i.e. blogs and social networks, organizations and individual persons are increasingly using the number of reviews of these media for decision making about a product or service. Opinion mining detects whether the emotions of an opinion expressed by a user on Web platforms in natural language, is positive or negative. This paper presents extensive experiments to study the effectiveness of the classification of English type opinions in three categories: positive, negative and none. For this study, technological products corpora have been used. Furthermore, we have conducted a comparative assessment of the analysis of two classification techniques: J48 and C50 using the effect of both Opinion Lexicon and WordNet. Experimental results shows that the WordNet based sentiment classification perform well over Opinion Lexicon based classification. The proposed technique can also be used with any other language. The whole work is implemented using ‘R’ language.
BRCA1‐Mediated Inflammation and Growth Activated & Inhibited Transition Mechanisms Between No‐Tumor Hepatitis/Cirrhotic Tissues and HCC

To understand breast cancer 1 early onset (BRCA1)‐mediated inflammation and growth activated and inhibited transition mechanisms between no‐tumor hepatitis/cirrhotic tissues (HBV or HCV infection) and human hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), BRCA1‐activated different complete (all no positive correlation, Pearson correlation coefficient <0.25) and uncomplete (partly no positive correlation except BRCA1, Pearson <0.25) networks were identified in higher HCC compared with lower no‐tumor hepatitis/cirrhotic tissues (HBV or HCV infection) from the corresponding BRCA1‐stimulated (Pearson ≥0.25) or inhibited (Pearson ≤−0.25) overlapping molecules of Pearson and GRNInfer, respectively. This result was verified by the corresponding scatter matrix. As visualized by GO, KEGG, GenMAPP, BioCarta, and disease database integration, we proposed mainly that BRCA1‐stimulated different complete network was involved in BRCA1 activation with integral to membrane killer cell lectin‐like receptor C to nucleus interferon regulatory factor 5‐induced inflammation, whereas the corresponding inhibited network participated in BRCA1 repression with matrix roundabout axon guidance receptor homolog 1 to plasma membrane versican‐induced growth in lower no‐tumor hepatitis/cirrhotic tissues (HBV or HCV infection). However, BRCA1‐stimulated network contained BRCA1 activation with endothelium‐specific to lysosomal transmembrane and carbamoyl synthetase to tastin, histone cluster and cyclin‐induced growth, whereas the corresponding inhibited different complete network included BRCA1 repression with ovalbumin, thyroid stimulating hormone beta and Hu antigen C to cytochrome P450 to transducin‐induced inflammation in higher HCC. Our BRCA1 different networks were verified by BRCA1‐activated or ‐inhibited complete and uncomplete networks within and between no‐tumor hepatitis/cirrhotic tissues (HBV or HCV infection) or (and) HCC. J. Cell. Biochem. 115: 641–650, 2014. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Egalisation adaptative et estimation de phase : application aux communications sous-marines

Ce travail concerne deux problemes d'estimation adaptative lies aux systemes numeriques de communication: le probleme de l'estimation de phase et celui de l'egalisation. L'estimation de phase est abordee de facon academique. Cette approche permet d'introduire simplement deux outils d'analyse du comportement d'un algorithme adaptatif. Nous utilisons ensuite ces outils pour determiner l'influence de la distribution du bruit sur la capacite de poursuite des estimateurs de phase adaptatifs. Cette etude conduit a definir et a etudier un nouvel algorithme d'estimation de phase theoriquement bien adapte a la poursuite de non-stationnarites lentes en contexte non gaussien. Nous abordons ensuite le probleme de la recuperation de porteuse et celui de l'egalisation. Des algorithmes de recuperation de porteuse et/ou d'egalisation asymptotiquement optimaux en poursuite de non-stationnarites lentes sont presentes. L'efficacite et la robustesse de ces algorithmes sont mises en evidence a l'aide de simulations. Parmi ces algorithmes, l'algorithme d'estimation conjointe de porteuse et d'egaliseur est tout particulierement interessant en pratique. Le domaine d'application vise est celui des communications acoustiques sous-marines. L'utilisation de donnees reelles permet de valider les algorithmes obtenus dans des situations realistes (transmissions acoustiques sous-marines horizontales ou verticales)
Post-bond testing of 2.5D-SICs and 3D-SICs containing a passive silicon interposer base

Through-Silicon Vias (TSVs) enable high-density, low-latency, and low-power interconnects for system chips that consist of multiple dies. In “2.5D” Stacked ICs (2.5D-SICs), multiple dies without TSVs are stacked side-by-side on top of a passive silicon interposer base containing TSVs. In true 3D-SICs, multiple dies containing TSVs themselves are vertically stacked; one or multiple of such stacks are possibly placed on a passive silicon interposer. This paper proposes a post-bond test and design-for-test (DfT) strategy for 2.5D- and 3D-SICs containing a passive silicon interposer base. Functional interconnects in the interposer are reused as much as possible in order to keep the interposer cost low.
Quantitative Proteomics Analysis of Streptomyces coelicolor Development Demonstrates That Onset of Secondary Metabolism Coincides with Hypha Differentiation*

Streptomyces species produce many clinically important secondary metabolites, including antibiotics and antitumorals. They have a complex developmental cycle, including programmed cell death phenomena, that makes this bacterium a multicellular prokaryotic model. There are two differentiated mycelial stages: an early compartmentalized vegetative mycelium (first mycelium) and a multinucleated reproductive mycelium (second mycelium) arising after programmed cell death processes. In the present study, we made a detailed proteomics analysis of the distinct developmental stages of solid confluent Streptomyces coelicolor cultures using iTRAQ (isobaric tags for relative and absolute quantitation) labeling and LC-MS/MS. A new experimental approach was developed to obtain homogeneous samples at each developmental stage (temporal protein analysis) and also to obtain membrane and cytosolic protein fractions (spatial protein analysis). A total of 345 proteins were quantified in two biological replicates. Comparative bioinformatics analyses revealed the switch from primary to secondary metabolism between the initial compartmentalized mycelium and the multinucleated hyphae.
Structure and mechanism of Escherichia coli RecA ATPase

RecA protein catalyses an ATP‐dependent DNA strand‐exchange reaction that is the central step in the repair of dsDNA breaks by homologous recombination. Although much is known about the structure of RecA protein itself, we do not at present have a detailed picture of how RecA binds to ssDNA and dsDNA substrates, and how these interactions are controlled by the binding and hydrolysis of the ATP cofactor. Recent studies from electron microscopy and X‐ray crystallography have revealed important ATP‐mediated conformational changes that occur within the protein, providing new insights into how RecA catalyses DNA strand‐exchange. A unifying theme is emerging for RecA and related ATPase enzymes in which the binding of ATP at a subunit interface results in large conformational changes that are coupled to interactions with the substrates in such a way as to promote the desired reactions.
Preoperative and postoperative cytokines in patients with cancer

Background. Changes in tumor necrosis factor‐alpha (TNF‐α), interleukin‐1 alpha (IL‐1α), interleukin‐1 beta (IL‐1β), interleukin‐6 (IL‐6), and granulocyte macrophage‐colony‐stimulating factor (GM‐CSF) were investigated before and after operation in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), metastatic liver carcinoma, and gastrointestinal carcinoma.
Customized Program Mutation : Inferring Mutant Utility from Program Context Technical Report UM-CS-2017-004 , April 2017

ABSTRACT The purpose of selective mutation strategies is to reduce the inherent redundancy of full mutation analysis and hence obtain most of its bene t for a fraction of the cost. Unfortunately, recent research has shown that there is no xed selective mutation strategy that is e ective across a broad range of programs. In other words, for any given mutation operator, the utility (i.e., usefulness) of a mutant produced by that operator varies greatly across programs. Hence, selective mutation, as currently de ned, is a dead end despite the fact that existing mutation systems are known to produce highly redundant mutants. This paper explores a novel path out of this conundrum. Speci cally, it hypothesizes that mutant utility, in terms of equivalency, triviality, and dominance, can be predicted by incorporating context information from the program in which the mutant is embedded. This paper rst explains the intuition behind this hypothesis with a motivational example and then tests the hypothesis by evaluating the predictive power of a series of program-context models and machine learning classi ers. The results show that it is important to consider mutants at the mutation operator level, and not just at the mutation operator group level. Further, the results show that context extracted from a program’s abstract syntax tree can indeed strongly predict mutant utility. The cross-validation results additionally show that mutant utility can be predicted within and across programs, with an area under the ROC curve above 0.8.
Finding Rhythm in Speech: A Response to Cummins

This paper attempts to address three critical questions left unanswered by Cummins' review: are rhythm and entrainment physical, perceptual or social phenomena, what are the underlying mechanisms, and what is their role in behaviour such as speech and music? These issues are addressed from the perspective of an engineer/computer-scientist/ roboticist for whom modelling such behaviours within a computational framework not only provides an empirical methodology for validating theoretical claims, but also facilitates the construction of artificial devices that are capable of exhibiting/exploiting those behaviours in the context of human-machine interaction. The paper draws on insights from a range of different perspectives, and attempts to weave them together within a coherent theoretical framework. It is concluded that (i) rhythm and entrainment are phenomena that emerge naturally from the structural coupling within and between even simple systems, (ii) living systems have evolved very effective mechanisms for managing such behaviours for intrinsic and extrinsic gains, and (iii) the fields of energetics and information theory provide the appropriate tools for analysing and characterising such behaviour within a general theoretical framework. It is hoped that these insights will inspire future cross- disciplinary research in these areas, and lead to a deeper understanding of these fundamental behaviours.
Benefit of infliximab reintroduction after successive failure of infliximab and adalimumab in Crohn's disease.

BACKGROUND Infliximab [IFX] and adalimumab [ADA] are effective in Crohn's disease [CD] for induction and maintenance therapy. However, high annual rate of discontinuation for loss of response or intolerance may lead to a switch to another anti-tumor necrosis factor agent. Patients with successive failure to IFX and ADA are becoming more frequent. The aim of this study was to assess the efficacy and the tolerance of re-treatment with IFX in CD patients who successively failed IFX and ADA. METHODS A total of 61 patients with CD who received and discontinued successively IFX and ADA, and who were re-exposed to IFX, were identified in four French tertiary centers and retrospectively analyzed. Clinical data, follow-up and outcome were abstracted from medical records. RESULTS Median treatment duration after reintroduction was 16 months, and probability of remaining under IFX was 60% and 51%, respectively, at 12 and 24 months. In all 29 patients discontinued the second IFX treatment due to intolerance [13], primary non-response [8], loss of response [7] or patient's wish [1]. Remission was achieved in 42% at week 6-8 after IFX re-induction, and was predictive of better long-term response [p = 0.006]. In multivariate analysis, receiving co-immunosuppression in both first and second IFX treatments [p = 0.04] and shorter interval between first and second IFX treatments [p = 0.017] were independently associated with longer duration of second IFX treatment. CONCLUSION For CD patients who successively failed IFX and ADA, reintroducing IFX is feasible and often clinically efficient, particularly in patients who received co-immunosuppression during both first and second IFX treatments.
On the analysis of vulnerability chains in industrial networks

The ever-increasing adoption at the factory field level of COTS (commercial off-the-shelf) hardware and software to host both real-time control tasks and a general-purpose operating system on the same machine is profoundly influencing the extent of threats that a factory network and computing infrastructure shall be prepared to deal with. In fact, these machines share with their office automation counterparts the same kinds of vulnerabilities and, being often interconnected to computers providing services to the public, are prone to cyber-attacks. In this paper, the architecture and use of a software tool able to analyse a factory network for vulnerabilities are described. Automating the analysis is of outmost importance because, as the complexity of the network grows, the problem rapidly becomes hard to tackle by hand due to the subtle interactions that may occur among apparently unrelated vulnerabilities.
Die Informationsstruktur von Rechtssätzen und ihre Bedeutung für die Gesetzesredaktion

Gesetzesredaktionelle Faustregeln, die mit der Wortstellung von Rechtssatzen befasst sind, orientieren sich meist an der logischen Struktur, die diesen Satzen zugrunde liegt, insbesondere an der aus der Rechtstheorie bekannten Gliederung in Tatbestand und Rechtsfolge. Wahrend dieser Ansatz bei der Formulierung von Rechtssatzen wertvolle Hilfestellung bieten kann, lasst er doch wichtige Aspekte der Satzverstandlichkeit unbeachtet; entsprechend haufig werden die erwahnten Faustregeln in der Gesetzesredaktion durchbrochen. Im vorliegenden Beitrag wird deshalb vorgeschlagen, den klassischen rechtstheoretischen Blick auf Rechtssatze um eine textlinguistische Komponente zu erganzen: Eine Rechtssatzlehre, die nicht nur den Bedurfnissen der Rechtsanwendung, sondern auch jenen der Rechtsetzung genugen kann, sollte neben der logischen auch die kommunikative Struktur dieser Satze, die sogenannte Informationsstruktur, berucksichtigen.
Handmade Somatic Cell Cloning in Cattle: Analysis of Factors Contributing to High Efficiency In Vitro1

Abstract Widespread application of somatic cell cloning has been hampered by biological and technical problems, which include complicated and time-consuming procedures requiring skilled labor. Recently, zona-free techniques have been published with limited or no requirement for micromanipulators. The purpose of the present work was to optimize certain steps of the micromanipulator-free (i.e., handmade) procedure, to analyze the morphology of the developing blastocysts, and to explain factors involved in the high efficiencies observed. Optimization of the procedure included selection of the appropriate medium for enucleation, orientation of pairs at fusion, timing of fusion, and culture conditions. As a result of these improved steps, in vitro efficiency as measured by blastocysts per reconstructed embryo and blastocysts per working hour was among the highest described so far. The cattle serum used in our experiments was superior to other protein sources for in vitro embryo development. One possible explanation of this effect is the considerable mitogenic activity of the cattle serum compared with that of commercially available fetal calf serum. Morphological analysis of blastocysts by inverted microscopy, inner cell mass-trophoblast differential staining, and transmission electron microscopy revealed high average quality. A high initial pregnancy rate was achieved after the transfer of single blastocysts derived by aggregation of two nuclear transfer embryos into recipients. The improved handmade somatic cell nuclear transfer method may become a useful technology as a simple, inexpensive, and efficient alternative to traditional somatic cell nuclear transfer.
TAXONOMIA DOS TIPOS DE RELAÇÕES SEMÂNTICAS PARA A ORGANIZAÇÃO E A REPRESENTAÇÃO DO CONHECIMENTO: UMA PROPOSTA A PARTIR DA LITERATURA

As relacoes semânticas sao fundamentais para a compreensao de representacoes da realidade que envolvem estruturas conceituais. Ao determinar as relacoes semânticas entre os conceitos nessas estruturas, o usuario da informacao assimila o proposito da associacao entre os conceitos no contexto que lhe e apresentado. Com isso, evita-se a interpretacao equivocada da informacao apresentada, pois o usuario compreende o que classificionista pretendeu transmitir. Na literatura pesquisada, constataram-se algumas classificacoes das relacoes semânticas sob o ponto de vista de diferentes autores, o que resultou em classificacoes por vezes sem consonância umas com as outras. Neste sentido, percebeu-se a necessidade de compilar os tipos de relacoes semânticas encontradas de maneira a criar uma unica taxonomia. Para isto, a perspectiva de cada autor foi respeitada para captar os motivos de suas decisoes de classificacao. Alem disso, espera-se que este artigo possa contribuir com os estudos acerca das relacoes semânticas no cenario do idioma portugues, pois nao foi encontrado nesta revisao de literatura classificacoes de tipos de relacoes semânticas em portugues. Sabe-se que, o contexto do idioma e um dos fatores a ser considerado, pois cada lingua tem as suas especificidades.
A reduced complexity iterative non-coherent CPM detector for frequency hopped wireless military communication systems

An iterative symbol-by-symbol non-coherent detection scheme using serially concatenated continuous phase modulation for application in wireless, frequency hopping, military communication systems is presented. The scheme exploits an iterative tree search algorithm in the detector, to reduce the overall complexity of the receiver, whilst maintaining a BER performance within 0.5 dB compared to detectors employing exhaustive tree search techniques. In addition, simulation results show that the iterative detection scheme can readily be employed to enable reliable communications in the presence of signal jamming and/or interference in frequency hopping systems