Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The effects of parameter variation on the gaits of passive walking models: simulations and experiments

SUMMARY We have made a systematic study of the gait of a straight leg planar passive walking model through simulations and experiments. Three normalised parameters, which represent the foot radius, the position of the mass centre and the moment of inertia, are used to characterise the walking model. In the simulation, we have obtained the fixed points and the basins of attraction of the walking models with different parameter combinations by the aid of the cell mapping method. With the results of fixed points, we investigated the effects of parameter variations on the gait descriptors, including step length, period, average speed and energy inefficiency. A model that has a large basin of attraction has been obtained, and it can start walking far from its fixed point. However, the size of the basin of attraction is not a good measurement of robustness. Thus, we proposed floors with random slope angles or stairs with random heights to test robustness. Five hundred times of simulations with 100 non-dimensional time units were implemented for each parameter combination. The times that the walker failed to arrive at the end were recorded. The simulation results showed that the model with a larger foot radius and higher position of mass centre has a lower possibility of falling on uneven floors. A large moment of inertia is helpful for walking on a random slope angle floor, while low values of moment of inertia are good for navigating random stairs. Prototype experiments have validated the simulation results, which showed that models with larger feet have a longer step length and high speed. However, period differences were difficult to obtain in the experiments since the differences were very small. We have tested the sensitivity with the initial conditions of the models with different foot radii on a flat floor, and have also tested the robustness of the models on a floor with random slope angles. The times that the model reached the end of the floor were recorded. The experimental results showed that a large foot radius is good for improving the basin of attraction and robustness on uneven floors. Finally, the exceptions of the experiment are explained.
Curiously recurring template patterns

Software design patterns capture recurring good practice in a domain. Many good patterns enjoy independent discovery by different people at different times. I have now seen three distinct uses of what I thought was an obscure template pattern. Each use arose in a unique domain; one instance was outside the C++ community. We can capture the technique in a pattern that solves a problem of factoring circular dependencies in code structure and behavior. The pattern form makes an otherwise opaque framework more accessible. My earlier columns have started with a discussion about patterns, followed by an exemplary pattern. This month, I’m weaving the two together to explore how we find and record patterns. This is a story of how I came to understand an interesting family of patterns that have been independently invented by a telecommunications software designer at AT&T, by some scientific programmers at IBM, and by a computer linguist at Oregon State University. I’ll use this pattern to explore the way we think about software and abstraction and to introduce multi-paradigm design, a stepping-stone between object-oriented design and patterns. I feel like a cultural anthropologist who has discovered a grand unified theory of, well, something, and invite you to join me as I re-live the quest for the underlying abstractions of this architectural construct. The Genesis of an Idea Four or five years ago, a good friend and coworker of mine, Lorraine Juhl, showed me a piece of code that has intrigued me to this day. The code combined templates and inheritance in a powerful pattern that I’ve seen at least three other people invent independently. What was remarkable about this pattern was that it used templates so powerfully so early after their introduction into the language. The code implemented a finite-state machine. FSMs are a big part of our business in telecommunications (I’ve often said that everyone discovers FSMs at least once during their career), so a robust FSM abstraction was a big deal. Programmers defined their contribution to the FSM like this: class myFSM: public BaseFSM
Sustainable construction: construction and demolition waste reconsidered

Construction activity in Europe has increased substantially in the past decade. Likewise, there has also been a commensurate rise in the generation of construction and demolition waste (C&DW). This, together with the fact that in many European countries the rate of recycling and reuse of C&DW is still quite low has engendered a serious environmental problem and a motivation to develop strategies and management plans to solve it. Due to its composition, there is a significant potential to reuse and/or recycle C&DW, and thereby, contribute to improving the sustainability of construction and development, but practical procedures are not yet widely known or practiced in the construction industry. This article (a) summarizes the different applications that are presently practiced to optimize the recovery and/or application of C&DW for reuse, and (b) proposes various measures and strategies to improve the processing of this waste. The authors suggest that to enhance environmental effectiveness, a conscious and comprehensive C&DW management plan should be implemented in each jurisdiction. More precisely, this study presents a holistic approach towards C&DW management, through which environmental benefits can be achieved through the application of new construction methods that can contribute to sustainable growth.
Zinc oxide hexagram microrods

Zinc oxide (ZnO) microrods were grown by the floating zone method, the as-grown ZnO microrods have uniform size. Scanning electron microscope image reveals that the ZnO microrods are grown with a hexagonal structure, well faceted ends and side surfaces. Most of ZnO microrods have diameters of about 20–30nm and lengths of about 1–2 mm. Polarizing microscopy image of ZnO microrods shows that they have high crystal quality. The X-Ray diffraction pattern shows that microrods have vertical orientation. The Raman spectra demonstrate that the vibrational mode of wurtzite-type ZnO clearly. The room temperature photoluminescence measurements indicate that the microrods have a relative strong ultraviolet (UV) emission and very weak green emission.
Dynamic power management framework for multi-core portable embedded system

In this paper we introduce dynamic power management framework for multi-core embedded system. This is a novel architecture for multi-core embedded system. In this framework user can add user defined policies to the architecture. And user also can add some running constrains to the framework. This framework could parse the user input, and give the right power control instruction to the global policy layer.
Security analysis of smart grid

Legacy power grids were typically designed with reliability as the main goal. With the transition to the smart grid, security concerns have begun to arise; due to the computational and communication capabilities of the integrated elements, smart grid technologies are becoming vulnerable to cyber-attacks. This chapter aims to enumerate existing threat vectors in the various layers of smart-grid architecture and provide insights of how security techniques should be implemented in order to ensure smart grid resiliency.
Agent-based Simulation for Matching and Interaction between Roles and Tasks Under Collaborative Work Environment

This paper employs the agent-based simulation method to study the matching and interaction between roles and dynamic tasks.Firstly,a multi-object evaluation model based on agent is established to demonstrate matching between roles and tasks,and then,the minimization matching and the maximization matching algorithms are designed to solve the model.As for different numbers and dynamics of tasks,some organization performances are analyzed by simulation experiments.On the basis of Repast,roles and tasks interaction model system is realized with the use of Java on Eclipse software Results show that the minimization matching algorithm is a better matching algorithm than the maximization matching algorithm for dynamic tasks allocation in business organization,and under a certain collaborative learning rate,the heavier the number of task becomes,the greater work ability of employee grows.and dynamic of tasks have an impact on employee learning.When the change of task ability expectation is smaller than the change of variance,the dynamism is negatively related with the advance of ability,however,when the change of task ability expectation is larger than the change of variance,the dynamism is positively related with the advance of ability.
A Typology of agreement processes and its implications for language development

In this paper we investigated and compared the developmental curve of four different agreement configurations in Italian (Determiner – Noun, Subject – Verb, Subject – Predicative Adjective, Clitic – Past Participle). These configurations can be considered to be more or less local, in accordance to the notions of phase (Chomsky 2001) and structural adjacency at the interfaces (Rizzi 2006b). We put forth the hypothesis that the timing of full mastery of the different configurations in acquisition respects the following ranking: D–N > S–V > S–Adj > ClPart, where less local configurations are expected to be fully mastered later than more local configurations. We test this prediction experimentally through a forced choice task with Italian children of age three, four and five.
A Mechanical Biomarker of Cell State in Medicine

The mechanical properties of cells have been shown to be useful markers of cell state by the biophysics community. Here, I highlight clinical and research problems that this label-free, potentially inexpensive cellular biomarker can address and discuss technical challenges to realize automated instruments to achieve robust and high-throughput mechanical measurements. Important features found in traditional fluorescence-based flow cytometry that can enable cytometry based on mechanical properties (i.e., deformability cytometry) are emphasized, especially the need for throughput, simple operation, multidimensional data visualization, and internal controls. Next-generation approaches to automate deformability measurements of cells are surveyed, and future directions are outlined that promise to bring low-cost mechanical measurements to medicine and biological research.
Acoustic Speckle: Theory and Experimental Analysis

A theoretical and experimental study of speckle, as applied to ultrasonic imaging, is presented. The concept of laser speckle is briefly reviewed and is used as a starting point to explain the origin of acoustic speckle. The primary differences between these two phenomena are discussed and are confirmed by experiment. An experimental study of speckle reduction by summation of multiple images is also presented. Several techniques for generating independent speckle patterns for use in image summation schemes are proposed. A phased array, dynamically focused sector imaging system was used in all of the experimental studies reported.
Forty years of Fanger’s model of thermal comfort: comfort for all?

The predicted mean vote (PMV) model of thermal comfort, created by Fanger in the late 1960s, is used worldwide to assess thermal comfort. Fanger based his model on college-aged students for use in invariant environmental conditions in air-conditioned buildings in moderate thermal climate zones. Environmental engineering practice calls for a predictive method that is applicable to all types of people in any kind of building in every climate zone. In this publication, existing support and criticism, as well as modifications to the PMV model are discussed in light of the requirements by environmental engineering practice in the 21st century in order to move from a predicted mean vote to comfort for all. Improved prediction of thermal comfort can be achieved through improving the validity of the PMV model, better specification of the model's input parameters, and accounting for outdoor thermal conditions and special groups. The application range of the PMV model can be enlarged, for instance, by using the model to assess the effects of the thermal environment on productivity and behavior, and interactions with other indoor environmental parameters, and the use of information and communication technologies. Even with such modifications to thermal comfort evaluation, thermal comfort for all can only be achieved when occupants have effective control over their own thermal environment.
A parking-line detection method based on Edge Direction

Parking-lines recognition is the precondition in vehicle automatic parking system. A Parking-line Detection Method Based on Edge Direction is proposed. Transform the gray images into edge images using median filter, edge detection. Pick out linear edges in the edge images using Hough transfer. Define the signs of linear edges and propose their determinant algorithm. Based on the algorithm, determinate the sign of each linear edge and recognize the parking-line according to the sign of each linear edge. The experimental results show that this algorithm is of the reliability and can satisfy real-time request.
Simulation and Performance Comparison of Ant Colony Optimization (ACO) Routing Protocol with AODV, DSDV, DSR Routing Protocols of Wireless Sensor Networks using NS-2 Simulator

Wireless Sensor Networks, in the last few decades, have witnessed significant amount of improvement in research across various areas like Routing, Security, Localization, Deployment and above all Energy Efficiency. Nowadays, the main central point of attraction is the concept of Swarm Intelligence based techniques integration in WSN. Swarm Intelligence based Computational Swarm Intelligence Techniques have improvised WSN in terms of efficiency, performance, robustness and scalability. The main objective of this research paper is to simulate and compare the performance of various existing routing protocols like AODV, DSDV and DSR routing protocols with ACO Based Routing Protocol in terms of End to End Delay, Packet Delivery Rate, Routing Overhead, Throughput and Energy Efficiency. Simulation based results and data analysis shows that overall ACO is 150% more efficient in terms of overall performance as compared to other existing routing protocols for Wireless Sensor Networks.
Risk Assessment of Information System

The main purpose of the paper is to scale back the risks in data systems. associate system is any organized system for the gathering, organization, storage and communication of knowledge. System is an instructional study of systems with a selected regard to data and also the complementary networks of hardware and software system that individuals and organizations use to gather, filter, process, produce and conjointly distribute information. Information systems have long been in danger from malicious actions, accidental user error, natural disasters and alternative unforeseen adverse events.
Possible Mechanisms for Enhanced Exercise Performance in the Heat with Internal Cooling Methods

Exercising in hot environments results in a rise in core body temperature; an effect associated with impaired performance over a variety of exercise modes and durations. Precooling has become a popular strategy to combat this impairment, as evidence has shown it to be an effective method for lowering pre-exercise core temperature, increasing heat storage capacity and improving exercise performance in the heat. To date, the majority of precooling manoeuvres have been achieved via external means, such as cold water immersion and the application of cooling garments. However, these methods have been criticized for their lack of practicality for use in major sporting competitions. Recent evidence has shown that internal or endogenous cooling methods, such as drinking cold fluids or ice slurries, are able to lower core temperature and enhance endurance performance in the heat. These methods may be more advantageous than current forms of precooling, as ingesting cold fluids or ice slurries can be easily implemented in the field and provide the additional benefit of hydrating athletes. While the precise mechanisms responsible for these performance enhancements are yet to be fully explained, the effect of ice ingestion on brain temperature, internal thermoreception and sensory responses may be involved. This article addresses the evidence supporting the use of endogenous cooling methods for improving endurance performance in the heat, as well as discussing the potential mechanisms behind the improvements observed and providing practical recommendations to optimize their success.
On Polyglot Programming in the Web

Different programming languages have been designed to solve problems efficiently in different domains. The goal of polyglot programming, a technique where several languages are used in the creation of a single application, is to combine and utilize the best solutions from different programming languages and paradigms in a seamless fashion. In this paper, the authors examine polyglot programming in the context of web applications, where it has been commonly used to create compelling applications, but where there is still considerable potential to improve development in various ways.
Mendelian and Non-Mendelian Ancestral Repair for Constrained Evolutionary Optimisation

Evolutionary Algorithms (EA) are excellent at solving many types of problems but are inherently ill-suited to solving constrained problems. Previously there has been four ways to adapt these algorithms to solve constrained problems pareto optimal strategies, modified representation and operators, penalty functions and repair strategies. This thesis makes significant contributions to the topic of genetic repair and introduces a non-Mendelian repair operator that has been inspired by a naturally occurring genetic repair mechanism in the Arabidopsis thaliana plant. Thus, the analogy between EA and natural evolution is extended to incorporate this (still highly controversial) biological repair process. The first and main objective focuses on Evolutionary Algorithms. This thesis adapts this novel genetic repair strategy to an EA to solve two benchmark constraint based problems specifically permutation problems as this category of problem are often recognised as the most problematic problems for the canonical EA to deal with. The second objective was more biological, relating to Evolutionary Algorithms. A number of algorithmic and parametric interventions were made to the EA, to examine the repair algorithm’s performance under more biologically inspired conditions. This thesis illustrates that non-Mendelian ancestral repair templates outperform their Mendelian counterparts under a wide variety of conditions and also shows that under biologically inspired conditions, the non-Mendelian repair strategy continues to outperform its Mendelian counterpart.
This material is the copyright of the original publisher. Unauthorised copying and distribution is prohibited. The Role of Motion Analysis in Elite Soccer Contemporary Performance Measurement Techniques and Work Rate Data

The optimal physical preparation of elite soccer (association football) players has become an indispensable part of the professional game, especially due to the increased physical demands of match-play. The monitoring of players’ work rate profiles during competition is now feasible through computer-aided motion analysis. Traditional methods of motion analysis were extremely labour intensive and were largely restricted to university-based research projects. Recent technological developments have meant that sophisticated systems, capable of quickly recording and processing the data of all players’ physical contributions throughout an entire match, are now being used in elite club environments. In recognition of the important role that motion analysis now plays as a tool for measuring the physical performance of soccer players, this review critically appraises various motion analysis methods currently employed in elite soccer and explores research REVIEW ARTICLE
Semantic Based Image Retrieval Through Combined Classi?ers of Deep Neural Network and Wavelet Decomposition of Image Signal

Semantic Gap, High retrieval efficiency, and speed are important factors for content-based image retrieval system (CBIR). Recent research towards semantic gap reduction to improve the retrieval accuracy of CBIR is shifting towards machine learning methods, relevance feedback, object ontology etc. In this research study, we have put forward the idea that semantic gap can be reduced to improve the performance accuracy of image retrieval through a two-step process. It should be initiated with the identification of the semantic category of the query image in the first step, followed by retrieving of similar images from the identified semantic category in the second step. We have later demonstrated this idea through constructing a global feature vector using wavelet decomposition of color and texture information of the query image and then used feature vector to identify its semantic category. We have trained a stacked classifier consisting of deep neural network and logistic regression as base classifiers for identifying the semantic category of input image. The image retrieval process in the identified semantic category was achieved through Gabor Filter of the texture information of query image. This proposed algorithm has shown better precision rate of image retrieval than that of other researchers work. KeywordsImage Retrieval; Wavelet decomposition; Gabor Filter; Semantic Gap; Stacked Neural Network
Omni-Vision and Front Vision Based Object Recognition for Soccer Robots

The omni-vision system for RoboCup middle-size league soccer robot-NuBot and its method for object recognition are introduced firstly in the paper,and then a simple front vision system is used to improve the accuracy of recognition of the ball in front,and meantime an easy and effective calibration method for front vision system is presented,and finally the realization mechanism for the two vision systems working together is introduced,in which the processing speed of robot's object recognition can be accelerated.The experimental result shows that the object recognition can be done successlly with the function of both vision systems.
Protective Antibodies Against Influenza Proteins

The influenza A virus infection continues to be a threat to the human population. The seasonal variation of the virus and the likelihood of periodical pandemics caused by completely new virus strains make it difficult to produce vaccines that efficiently protect against this infection. Antibodies (Abs) are very important in preventing the infection and in blocking virus propagation once the infection has taken place. However, the precise protection mechanism provided by these Abs still needs to be established. Furthermore, most research has focused on Abs directed to the globular head domain of hemagglutinin (HA). However, other domains of HA (like the stem) and other proteins are also able to elicit protective Ab responses. In this article, we review the current knowledge about the role of both neutralizing and non-neutralizing anti-influenza proteins Abs that play a protective role during infection or vaccination.