Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Pharmacogenomics of Drug Transporters

Understanding the molecular mechanisms and clinical relevance of interindividual variability in drug response remains an important challenge. Pharmacogenomics, the study of genetic variation in the genes that influence drug effect, can provide insight into interindividual variability and a more accurate prediction of drug response than may be obtained by relying solely on a patient’s clinical information. The goal of drug transporter pharmacogenomics is to understand the impact of genetic variation on the function of transporters that interact with medications. For many drugs in clinical use, transporters are important determinants of absorption, tissue accumulation, and elimination from the body, and thereby transporters significantly influence drug efficacy and toxicity. Adverse drug reactions can result from toxicity associated with high drug concentrations and lack of efficacy can result from subtherapeutic drug exposure. By understanding the genetic basis for drug transporter activity, it will be possible to enhance a predictive approach to individualization of drug therapy. The purpose of this book is to highlight the advances in transporter pharmacogenomics that have been made since polymorphisms in drug transporter genes were first described in the late 1990s (Mickley et al., 1998; Hoffmeyer et al., 2000; Kim et al., 2001). As we enter the genomic era of medicine, pharmacogenomics will inform prescribing practices to maximize drug efficacy while minimizing risk for toxicity. Given the importance of transporters to the absorption, distribution, and elimination of many drugs, there is no doubt that transporter pharmacogenomics will make significant contributions to this aim.
Running Head： Foram Assemblages from Three Substrata Comparison of Foraminiferal Assemblages from Three Kinds of Substrata, Durney Key, West-Central Florida, USA

As part of a project that assessed a proposed artificial reef site, this study compared benthic foraminiferal assemblages from three substrata: sediment, natural lime rock and recruitment tiles. The assemblage from sediment samples included 21 foraminiferal species representing 12 genera and was dominated by stress-tolerant taxa, especially Ammonia and Elphidium. Natural lime rock and recruitment tiles yielded 21 foraminiferal species representing 11 genera, which were dominated by miliolids. Intersample variability was characterized by “pulsating patches” as has been previously described for Florida estuaries. The predominance of stress-tolerant taxa in sediments was consistent with other observations from the site, which indicated that proposed artificial reef structures were not likely to recruit significant coral-reef biota.
Implications of Human Papillomavirus Infections in the Biology of Head and Neck Cancers

Head and neck squamous cell carcinomas (HNSCCs) remain a significant cause of morbidity worldwide, with as many as 466831 and 168368 cases diagnosed in 2008 among men and women, respectively (Globocan, 2008; Grandis et al., 2004; Shah et al., 2003). HNSCCs constitute a collection of diseases that, despite their shared location and histology, can become different types of tumors that differ in pathogenesis, biology, sub-location and treatment and that can affect quality of life, including survival (Grandis et al., 2004; Shah et al., 2003). HNSCC patients in the early clinical stages (stages I and II) have similar survival rates, with a five-year survival between 70 and 90%, independent of the sub-location (Forastiere & Trotti, 1999). In contrast, HNSCC patients in the advanced clinical stages (stages III and IV) display completely different survival rates depending on the histological type of the tumor and its sub-location (Denis et al., 2004; Forastiere & Trotti, 1999). In 2008, Globocan data indicated that HNSCCs constituted the sixth and eighth most frequent cancer among men and women, respectively. Their frequency has varied over the last 20 years, with an increasing prevalence in women, which is highest in Europe, and a decreasing prevalence in men, which is highest in the USA. A comparison of global statistics with official data from Belgium reveals a strikingly increased incidence of HNSCCs in both sexes, with important regional differences. Indeed, Belgium has a higher incidence of HNSCC associated with smoking and alcohol consumption compared with other countries. In 2005, HNSCCs were the fourth most common cancer in men after prostate, lung and colorectal cancers and the eighth most common cancer in women after breast, colorectal, uterine, lung, melanoma, ovarian cancers and non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma (Filleul et al., 2011). We can also observe inter-regional heterogeneity; in fact, the incidence is higher in men in Wallonia than in the Brussels region where the incidence of HNSCC in women rose. Finally, when we compare Belgian and French data, these cancers seem more frequent in French men than in
SOCIO ECONOMIC CONDITION AND QUALITY OF WORK LIFE AMONG WOMEN WORKERS IN TEXTILE INDUSTRY WITH SPECIAL REFERENCE TO COIMBATORE DISTRICT – A STUDY OF PUBLISHED LITERATURE

Quality of work life is the work-cultural that serves as the cornerstone. Hence, work-culture of an organization should be recognized and improved for providing quality of work life for any organization. Quality of work life is a generic phrase that covers the feelings of the workers about every dimension of work including economic rewards and benefits, security, working conditions, organizational and interpersonal relationships and its intrinsic meaning in a person’s life. Quality of work life is both an end and a means. It is an end in itself because it is a highly significant component in the quality of life in general and it is a means by which employees can acquire civic competence and skills.
Structural changes of the spleen in experimental obesity

The paper presents and analyzes data from an experimental study conducted on white rats in females and males of reproductive age. Obesity is one of the leading causes of premature death worldwide. The purpose of the research is to establish the morphometric and histological changes of the rat spleen parenchyma in experimental obesity and after the abolition of the high-calorie diet (HCD). We conducted a study on 70 white rats of reproductive age (2.5-6.5 months) weighing 120-280 g. High-calorie diet was achieved due to the fact that food was added sodium glutamate at a dose of 67 mg/kg of body weight of the rat. Controls were 10 white rats that received a standard vivarium diet instead of a high-calorie diet. Statistical processing of digital data was performed using Excel software and STATISTICA 6.0 using the parametric methods. Eight weeks after HCD, there was a significant decrease in the relative area of white pulp in the spleen parenchyma of white rats in males and females by 16.2% and 17.4%, respectively, and an increase in the relative area of red pulp by 5.6% and 6.2%, respectively. There is an immuno-inducing effect with enhanced proliferation of activated lymphocytes and their subsequent differentiation into plasma cells. Eight weeks after the abolition of HCD, the relative area of white pulp in the spleen parenchyma of white rats in males and females was 16.8% and 16.9% less than the parameters of the intact group of animals. Accordingly, the relative area of the red pulp by 5.8% and 6.1% exceeds the parameters of the intact group of animals. The area of the lymph nodes and the size of their reproductive centers decrease. The number of monocytes, macrophages and plasmocytes increases in the organ parenchyma. Hemosiderin residues occur both in the cytoplasm of macrophages and in intercellular spaces. Arteries with thickened wall, full-blooded, veins enlarged and full-blooded. The venous sinuses of the red pulp are dilated to contain hemosiderin residues. Thus, the depletion of lymphoid tissue with progression of mainly white pulp atrophy has been established. In the conditions of the eight-week abrogation of the HCD, no reverse changes in the structure of the parenchyma of the spleen were detected.
Cystatin C and Alzheimer's Disease

Aggregation of amyloid-β in Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is modulated in the presence of other amyloidogenic proteins including human cystatin C (hCC), which directly protects neuronal cells from Aβ-induced toxicity and inhibits fibril formation. Determination of the relevant conformations of the interacting Aβ and hCC is a key step to uncovering the molecular mechanism of hCC’s activity in AD. A system for the production of recombinant Aβ1-40 has been established and is described here. It is also shown that hCC readily produces stable oligomeric species upon incubation in aggregating conditions, a phenomenon that has not been observed for other members of the cystatin family. Novel structural differences between amyloid fibrils produced by hCC and cystatin B have also been identified using limited proteolysis, indicating that hCC does not retain a monomer-like fold within the fibril and that the N-terminal is disordered and not part of the fibril core. The work presented here shows that hCC inhibits fibril production by Aβ in a dosedependent manner, instead promoting the production of amorphous aggregates and small assemblies, with 2:1 molar ratios of hCC to Aβ being required for complete inhibition. It is unclear if the assemblies observed are toxic protofibrils or an alternative non-toxic species. A comparison of the inhibitory activity of the monomeric and dimeric forms of hCC was carried out, and indicated that the active region could be the hydrophobic loop involved in protease inhibition. Characterisation of binding by NMR HSQC experiments revealed that no observable complex was being formed between monomeric Aβ and folded monomeric hCC. Taken together these results suggest that hCC is selectively binding to an oligomeric species of Aβ and trapping the peptide in a non-toxic state.
A validade jurídica das provas registradas em redes blockchain no processo civil

This work aims to evaluate the use of blockchain for preserving evidence records in a lawsuit, within the Brazilian civil proceedings. First, it was conducted a brief study on the theme to understand better which kind of evidence means are legally admitted by national courts. Then, it was important to understand how other countries are facing the technology for evidence purpose. Finally, it was essential to comprehend some judicial decisions already taken that indicates that blockchain may be a new mean of evidence in judicial proceedings.
Competency of School Principals in Managing Change in Malaysian Secondary Schools: Teachers’ Perspective

The increasing demands for school reform continuously challenge the roles of school leaders as change agents in the process of school change. Today, school leadership is not task driven per se but emotionally compelling. The aim of the study was to identify the level of competency in managing change (CIMC) of school principals in Malaysian secondary schools. Analysis of the survey was performed based on the data of 901 teachers. The findings revealed that, i) school principals were rated as Quite Good in CIMC; ii) in terms of dimensions, school principals were reported Quite Good both in Technical and Non-technical Competency; iii) in terms of sub-dimensions of CIMC, the school principals were rated as Good in Goal Framing, Institutionalizing, Emotional Utilization and Emotional Regulation but Quite Good in Capacity Building, Defusing Resistance and Conflicts, Emotional Perceiving and Expressing as well as Emotional Understanding; and iv) among all the sub-dimensions of CIMC, the school principals obtained the highest mean score in Goal Framing and achieved the lowest mean score in Defusing Resistance and Conflicts. The study offers the Ministry of Education, local practitioners and relevant parties another dimension of enhancing and enlarging school principals’ capacity for change.
New aspects of IFN‐α/β signalling in immunity, oncogenesis and bone metabolism

Although interferons (IFNs) were originally identified as humoral factors that confer an antiviral state upon cells, they have been demonstrated to be multifunctional in a variety of biological systems. The IFN‐α/β system modulates not only the cellular immune response to viral and bacterial infections, but also the oncogenic process and bone metabolism. Further studies have revealed additional unique facets of the IFN‐α/β system. A weak signal by constitutively produced IFN‐α/β is critical not only for the regulation of cellular amplification of IFN‐α/β production upon viral infection or the enhancement of signalling by other cytokines, but also for the regulation of adaptive immune responses, such as the enhancement of CD8+ T cell activation. Furthermore, IFN‐β signalling is critical for the regulation of the bone‐resorbing osteo‐clasts. In this review, we focus on the newly discovered roles of the IFN‐α/β system in host defense and bone remodeling, particularly on the functions of the weak IFN‐α/β signalling in the context of what we refer to as the “rewing‐up” model. (Cancer Sci 2003; 94: 405–411)
Performance of Johnson-Lindenstrauss transform for k-means and k-medians clustering

Consider an instance of Euclidean k-means or k-medians clustering. We show that the cost of the optimal solution is preserved up to a factor of (1+ε) under a projection onto a random O(log(k /ε) / ε2)-dimensional subspace. Further, the cost of every clustering is preserved within (1+ε). More generally, our result applies to any dimension reduction map satisfying a mild sub-Gaussian-tail condition. Our bound on the dimension is nearly optimal. Additionally, our result applies to Euclidean k-clustering with the distances raised to the p-th power for any constant p. For k-means, our result resolves an open problem posed by Cohen, Elder, Musco, Musco, and Persu (STOC 2015); for k-medians, it answers a question raised by Kannan.
Predictors of Self-Determined Module Choice in a Web-Based Computer-Tailored Diet and Physical Activity Intervention: Secondary Analysis of Data From a Randomized Controlled Trial

Background Tailoring an online intervention to participant preferences (eg, by giving participants a choice which modules to follow) may increase engagement in the intervention, motivation for behavioral change, and possibly intervention effects. So far, little is known about what characteristics predict these module choices. Filling this knowledge gap is useful for optimizing program engagement. Objective We investigated participant choice for a dietary and/or physical activity (PA) promotion module in our web-based computer-tailored intervention based on self-determination theory (SDT) and motivational interviewing (MI). Furthermore, we investigated which demographic characteristics, current behavior, psychosocial constructs and constructs from SDT and MI, and program-related variables such as advice on which module to follow were associated with these choices. Methods Observational data were used from the randomized controlled trial MyLifestyleCoach of participants who were randomized into the intervention condition, completed the baseline questionnaire, and made a module choice in the opening session of the intervention. Here, they received advice on their own dietary and PA behavior. At the session’s end, they chose which lifestyle modules they would like to follow (both, diet, PA, or no module). Measurements included demographic information; self-reported diet and PA; and several psychosocial, SDT, and MI constructs. In total, data from 619 Dutch adults (59.6% women; mean age was 51.9 [SD 13.5] years) were analyzed. A stepwise multinomial logistic regression analysis was conducted to investigate which characteristics are related to module choice; the diet module served as reference category as almost everyone was advised to follow this module. Results Of this sample, 54.8% (339/619) chose to do both the diet and PA module, 25.4% (157/619) chose to follow the diet module, 17.8% (110/619) preferred to follow no module, and 2.1% (13/619) chose to do the PA module only. Furthermore, it was found that older people, those who consumed more fruit, and those who scored lower on importance to change their current diet were more likely to choose no module compared to the diet module. People who had more motivation to change their current PA and those who received strong advice compared with slight advice to follow the diet module were more likely to choose both modules compared with the diet module only. Conclusions The results show that more than half of the sample was interested in following both the diet and PA module in this online lifestyle intervention. Several characteristics were found to be related to module choice. A future challenge is to examine how this knowledge can be used to improve future interventions, such as tailoring (messages or content) on specific groups or examining where and how MI could be used to motivate people to make a certain module choice. Trial Registration Netherlands Trial Register NL7333; https://www.trialregister. nl/trial/7333
Investigating Employees’ Tenure and Performance among Middle Managers: The Moderating Role of Psychological Empowerment

This study aims to analyses the influence of one important demographic variable, employees’ tenure at their organizations towards improving and enhancing employee performance among supervisory level staff in the ceramic tile manufacturing industry. Based on the literature discussed, the role of psychological empowerment will also be studied to see if it has any moderating influence on the relationship between employee’s tenure and their performance. Using the quantitative method, the population for this study was 239. The primary data was gathered in the form of questionnaires with a Likert-type scale which was then analyzed using multiple regression methods. The results of the study have shown that employees’ tenure has an influence on their performance but in the presence of psychological empowerment, tenure does not improve performance.
Union dissolution and mobility: Who moves from the family home after separation?

We investigate which partner of a 2-gender couple moves out after separation. We test hypotheses on the impact of differences between the partners in the costs of moving out and resources, using data from the Divorce in the Netherlands survey (N = 1,537 ex-couples who separated between 1972 and 1998). Ex-partners initiating the separation were more likely to leave, as were those for whom a new partnership was a reason for the separation. An ex-partner with custody of children was less likely to leave, as was an ex-partner with more resources. A woman was less likely to leave when the joint children no longer lived at home or when the partnership had been longer lasting.
Efeitos de altas temperaturas na germinação de sementes de capim-dourado (Syngonanthus nitens (Bong.) Ruhland, Eriocaulaceae): implicações para o manejo

This study aimed to assess the effects of fire on germination of golden-grass (Syngonanthus nitens (Bong.) Ruhland, Eriocaulaceae) seeds. Seeds collected in Jalapao (Tocantins, Brazil) were exposed to heat shock treatments at 60 oC, 100 oC, 150 oC and 200 oC, for 1', 3', and 5'. For each treatment and control five replications were used (20 seeds each). Seeds were put on Petri dishes and placed inside germination chambers set at 28 oC, 12h/12h, for 40 days. Germination rates were analyzed by two-factorial ANOVA, using randomization tests. Most treatments showed high germination rates (>85%), except for 200oC/3' (50%), and 200oC/5, which showed germination rates that were significantly lower (4.5%, P<0.05). The results indicated that S. nitens seeds were not stimulated or killed by high temperatures, except when an extreme temperature and time of exposure were combined (200oC/5'). When wet grasslands burn, where S. nitens grows, the fire passes very quickly over the area and the temperature during the fire may not exceed 150oC. Under these conditions, our results suggest that S. nitens seeds can potentially survive most fires. These findings are essential for making management recommendations for this species, which has high commercial value.
Effect of organic manure and nitrogen fertilization on growth, yield and economics of barley (Hordeum vulgare)

A field experiment was conducted on a loamy sand soil, low in available N and P and medium in available K at agronomy farm of the College, Jobner, Rajasthan to study the response of barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) to organic manure and nitrogen fertilization. The results showed that the application ofvermicompost @ 4.5 tonnes/ha remained at par with vermicompost @ 3 tonnes/ha recorded the maximum plant height at 60 (49.5 cm) and 90 days after sowing (75.1 cm) and at harvest (99 cm), number of tillers at 60 days after sowing (69.4) and dry matter accumulation l/m at 60 (80.5 g) and 90 days after sowing (206.4 g) and net return (Rs 27831/ha) of barley over no organic manure, vermicompost @ 1.5 tonnes/ ha and farmyard manure @ 5, 7.5 and 10 tonnes/ha. Whereas, vermicompost @ 4.5 tonnes/ha produced significantly the highest dry matter/m at harvest (269.5 g), number oftillers at 90 days after sowing (72.2) and at harvest (72.9), chlorophyll content in leaf at 50% flowering (2.64 mg/g), grain yield (5.26 tonnes/ha) and straw yield (6.79 tonnes/ha) over no organic manure, vermicompost @ 1.5 and 3 tonnes/ha and farmyard manure @ 5, 7.5 and 10 tonnes/ha. Application of 60 kg N/ ha significantly increased the plant height, dry matter accumulation and number of tillers at all the growth stages, chlorophyll content in leaf at 50 % flowering (2.67 mg/g) and grain yield (5 tonnes/ha), straw yield (6.73 tonnes/ha) and net return (Rs 30 087/ha) overO, 20, and 40 kg N/ha. The combined application of vermicompost @ 4.5 tonnes/ha + 40 kg N/ha gave higher grain yield (5.59 tonnes/ha) and straw yield (7.06 tonnes/ha) over rest of other combinations of organic manure and nitrogen. Whereas, farmyard manure @ 7.5 tonnes/ha + 60 kg N/ha gave maximum net return (Rs 30 543/ha) over rest of the combinations of organic manure and nitrogen.
Pyrethroid Resistance in Association with the Use of Insecticide Impregnated Bed Nets

Abstract There has been concern about whether pyrethroid tolerance or resistance will be selected in anophelines and other mosquitoes through the use of pyrethroid-impregnated bed nets. Pieces of nylon netting impregnated with different concentrations of lambda-cyhalothrin and permethrin were used for mosquito selection, to investigate the development of pyrethroid tolerance or resistance in adult Aedes aegypti and Anopheles maculatus. The WHO susceptibility test kits were lined inside with insecticide-impregnated nylon netting and mosquitoes were exposed for periods of 30 seconds to 4 minutes. Mortality was scored after a 24-hour observation period. The LT 50 values and the resistance ratio or increased tolerance in each generation were determined. The exposure of 9 generations of Ae. aegypti to 0.015 g/m 2 lambda-cyhalothrin, and 8 generations of Ae. aegypti to 0.15 g/m 2 permethrin produced 2.6-fold and 2.8-fold tolerance, respectively, whereas 5 generations of An. maculatus exposed to 0.1 g/m 2 permethrin showed 1.4-fold tolerance. The pattern of increased tolerance levels to lambda-cyhalothrin and permethrin by both mosquito species indicated no evidence for the development of pyrethroid resistance. Keywords : pyrethroid-impregnated bed nets, pyrethroid tolerance, Aedes aegypti, Anopheles maculatus