Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Accumulation in murine amniotic fluid of halothane and its metabolites.

The distribution of radioactivity in pregnant mice was registered at 0, 4, and 24 hrs after a 10 min. period of inhalation of 14C-halothane. Autoradiographic methods were used to allow to distinguish between the distribution of volatile (non-metabolize) halothane, water-soluble metabolites, and firmly tissue-bound metabolites. While volatile radioactivity was seen predominantly at short survival intervals, e.g. in body fat, blood, brain and liver, metabolites accumulated with time. Peak values occurred at 4 hrs in most organs (measured with liquid scintillation as well). The most remarkable findings were the high concentrations of radioactivity in amniotic fluid (and the ocular fluids of adults) with peak values at 4 hrs and rather high concentrations still prevailing at 24 hrs after inhalation. It is assumed that this activity represents only partly volaile halothane and mostly non-volatile metabolites. High activity of metabolites was seen in the neuroepithelium of the embryo in early gestation. Firmly tissue-bound metabolites, still remaining after washing the tissues with trichloroacetic acid and organic solvents, were found in the nasal mucosa, trachea and bronchial tree and in (presumably centrilobular) zones of the liver of adults after inhalation and 5-day old mice after intraperitoneal injection, indicating the formation of reactive metabolites in these organs. Firmly tissue-bound activity was not observed in the corresponding foetal organs.
A complex adaptive system based on squirrels behaviors for distributed resource allocation

This paper introduces new general-purpose Complex Adaptive System (CAS) algorithms that solve the resource allocation problem in distributed systems. These CAS algorithms are based on squirrel natural behaviors and provide a novel CAS metaphor. The CAS Squirrels system is described together with its associated class architecture. A comprehensive set of experiments is carried to corroborate our hypothesis that CAS Squirrel based algorithms provide a efficient resource allocation on a distributed system. The algorithms are based on squirrel hoarding mechanisms. The scalability and reliability obtained from the experiments are maintained across a wide variety of distributed system characteristics. The research work uses the Peer-to-Peer Distributed File System storage resource allocation problem to validate our hypothesis.
Patterned Media for 10 Tb/in$^2$ Utilizing Dual-Section “Ledge” Elements

A dual-layer patterned element magnetic recording medium design is presented that is expected to satisfy areal densities at 10 Tb/in 2. Each element consists of a small high anisotropy initial layer on top of which is deposited on an exchange-coupled soft layer of approximately equal thickness that extends in the recording direction almost to an adjacent element. This design has two distinct advantages. Reversal by precessional switching will occur for realistic record head field rise times (100-200 ps). Thermal stability for such small elements is maintained by hard section anisotropy fields that are an order of magnitude larger than the reversal field. Here, reversal mechanisms and system design are discussed in detail.
Prise en charge de la douleur et de l’inconfort du nouveau-né en maternité

La prise en charge de la douleur et de l’inconfort chez le nouveau-ne en maternite est importante et ne doit pas etre oubliee. Celle-ci est appliquee dans des situations differentes : en raison des circonstances liees a l’accouchement, lors de gestes systematiques, ou lors de certaines situations a risque. Nous decrivons la prise en charge du nouveau-ne en salle d’accouchement et du nouveau-ne en « soins simples » en maternite. A partir de la litterature et de notre experience, l’objectif de ce travail est de decrire les situations a risque en maternite, et d’evoquer les moyens et indications therapeutiques. Parmi les moyens, nous insistons sur la prevention, sur les strategies comportementales et sur leur validation. Des propositions simples et pratiques sous la forme de tableaux sont presentees.
BASAL METABOLIC RATE OF CANIDAE FROM HOT DESERTS TO COLD ARCTIC CLIMATES

Abstract Canids form the most widely distributed family within the order Carnivora, with members present in a multitude of different environments from cold arctic to hot, dry deserts. We reviewed the literature and compared 24 data sets available on the basal metabolic rate (BMR) of 12 canid species, accounting for body mass and climate, to examine inter- and intraspecific variations in mass-adjusted BMR between 2 extreme climates (arctic and hot desert). Using both conventional and phylogenetically independent analysis of covariance, we found that canids from the arctic climate zone had significantly higher mass-adjusted BMR than species from hot deserts. Canids not associated with either arctic or desert climates had an intermediate and more variable mass-adjusted BMR. The climate effect also was significant at the intraspecific level in species for which we had data in 2 different climates. Arctic and desert climates represent contrasting combinations of ambient temperatures and water accessibility that require opposite physiological adaptations in terms of metabolism. The fact that BMR varies within species when individuals are subjected to different climate regimes further suggests that climate is an important determinant of BMR.
Traceability aspects of impact analysis in object-oriented systems

Impact analysis is an essential activity as cost and effort estimation is based on its outcome. Impact analysis, as performed in an industrial object-oriented system, has been analysed and evaluated in this case study. Preceding the design phase of the fourth release of the PMR system (PMR R4), the consequences of a set of new requirements were analysed. Traceability links were established between each new requirement and the objects predicted to be changed in the design object model, which represent the C++ classes in the system. The impact analysis as performed in this study was successful in the sense that the software engineers in the study prefer this way of working. When asked, they claim they are sure the number of objects to be changed is correct, while they are less sure about the number of man-hours required. The analysis of the impact analysis shows that individual objects are often predicted almost correctly, but that the number of actually changed objects is often greater than the number of predicted objects. The study also shows that tracing by interviewing knowledgeable software engineers is far more common than consulting object models and other kinds of documentation. A factor that prohibits software engineers using object models more extensively is lack of detailed information. We see a promising potential for using traceability, together with the use of existing object models, to achieve a more structured impact analysis process and accurate prediction. © 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Protein kinase C inhibitors in the treatment of diabetic retinopathy. Review.

PURPOSE To review current data regarding protein Kinase C beta (PKCß) inhibitors and its efficacy in reducing the burden of diabetic retinopathy (DR) and diabetic macular edema (DME). DATA SOURCES MEDLINE search (1980-2009) and presentations to major meetings. DATA SYNTHESIS DR and DME have emerged as the main cause of visual impairment in working age population. Treatments for DR and DME include good metabolic control, laser photocoagulation and vitrectomy. However, current therapeutic regimes have not yet provided satisfactory visual results. PKC is an intracellular signalling molecule and its activation plays an important role in the development of ocular complications and has become a field of great interest. Several PKC inhibitors have been investigated. Ruboxistaurin, an orally PKCβ inhibitor has demonstrated in vitro and in vivo benefits in dimisnish cell and blood flow alterations related to hyperglycemia and has a potential use as a therapy for DR and DME. The beneficial effect of Ruboxistaurin in them has been demonstrated in preclinical and clinical studies and controlled trials have been conducted during the last decade. The ability of Ruboxistaurin in reducing visual loss in patients with DR has been demonstrated in the PKC DRS2 trial and DME seems to respond to Ruboxistaurin with both anatomic and functional benefits. The manufacturer, Eli Lilly, has received an approvable letter from the FDA for the prevention of vision loss in patients with DR with Ruboxistaurin, but at this time the medication is not available for clinical use pending results of additional trials for this indication.
Neonatal alloimmune neutropenia due to immunoglobulin G antibodies against human neutrophil antigen‐5a

BACKGROUND: Neonatal alloimmune‐mediated neutropenia (NAIN) due to maternal alloantibodies directed against one of the human neutrophil antigens (HNAs) can cause severe infections. NAIN has been described as caused by antibodies against HNA‐1a, ‐b, ‐c, ‐2a, ‐3a, or ‐4a, but not by antibodies against HNA‐5a.
Trap Type, Lure Placement, and Habitat Effects on Cerambycidae and Scolytinae (Coleoptera) Catches in the Northeastern United States

ABSTRACT Semiochemical-based exotic species surveys targeting forest Coleoptera have gradually expanded in North America and elsewhere. Determining how various factors affect trap catches and increase species richness in traps is important for maximizing the efficacy of survey efforts. Studies were conducted in southern Maine and New Hampshire by using ethanol and &agr;-pinene as lures to determine the influence of trap type, lure placement and size, and habitat type on catches of Scolytinae and Cerambycidae in coniferous forests. Three trap types (canopy malaise, intercept panel, and multiple-funnel), three lure placements/sizes (standard placement, above trap, and enlarged), and two habitat types (margins of clearcuts and shelterwood) were tested in three experiments. The three trap types performed equally well in terms of average number of species captured, but the canopy malaise caught more unique species than the other traps. In most cases, traps with lures placed above traps caught fewer beetles than lures hanging from the side of traps or with an expanded surface area. Generally, more insects were captured in shelterwood treatments versus the margins of clearcuts.
Interaction of the DF3/MUC1 Breast Carcinoma-associated Antigen and β-Catenin in Cell Adhesion*

The DF3/MUC1 mucin-like glycoprotein is aberrantly overexpressed in human breast carcinomas. The functional role of DF3 is unknown. The present studies demonstrate that DF3 associates with β-catenin. Similar findings have been obtained for γ-catenin but not α-catenin. DF3, like E-cadherin and the adenomatous polyposis coli gene product, contains an SXXXXXSSL site that is responsible for direct binding to β-catenin. The results further demonstrate that interaction of DF3 and β-catenin is dependent on cell adhesion. These findings and the role of β-catenin in cell signaling support a role for DF3 in the adhesion of epithelial cells.
On the Efficiency Tradeoffs in User-Centric Cloud RAN

Ambitious targets for aggregate throughput, energy efficiency and ubiquitous user experience are propelling the advent of ultra- dense networks. Intercell interference and high energy consumption in an ultra-dense network are the prime hindering factors in pursuit of these goals. To address the aforementioned challenges, in this paper, we propose a novel user-centric network orchestration solution for Cloud RAN based ultra-dense deployments. In this solution, a cluster (virtual disc) is created around users depending on their service priority. Within the cluster radius, only the best remote radio head (RRH) is activated to serve the user, thereby decreasing interference and saving energy. We follow a stochastic geometry based approach to quantify the area spectral efficiency (ASE) and RRH power consumption models to quantity energy(EE) efficiency of the proposed user-centric Cloud RAN (UCRAN). Through extensive analysis, we observe that the cluster sizes that yield optimal ASE and EE are quite different. Subsequently, we propose a game theoretic self-organizing network (GT-SON) framework that can orchestrate the network between ASE and EE focused operational modes in real-time in response to changes in network conditions and the operator's revenue model, to achieve a Pareto optimal solution. A bargaining game is modeled to investigate the ASE-EE tradeoff through adjustment in the exponential efficiency weightage in the Nash bargaining solution (NBS). Results show that compared to current non user-centric network design, the proposed solution offers the flexibility to operate the network at multiple folds higher ASE or EE along with significant improvement in user experience.
Comparative accuracy of six ambulatory devices according to blood pressure levels

Objective: To assess the accuracy of six ambulatory blood pressure measuring systems at low, medium and high blood pressures. Results: The CH-Druck, Profilomat, SpaceLabs 90207 and Novacor DIASYS 200R, having previously achieved A to C grading for systolic and diastolic blood pressures according to the British Hypertension Society (BHS) protocol and having fulfilled the criteria of the Association for the Advancement of Medical Instrumentation, have been recommended for measurement of ambulatory blood pressure in clinical practice; the Pressurometer IV and Takeda TM-2420, achieved only C and D grades and failed to satisfy the Association for the Advancement of Medical Instrumentation criteria. In this study the data from the original validations are re-analysed for three pressure ranges of systolic and diastolic blood pressures: low range ≤ 130/80 mmHg, medium range 130-160/80-100 mmHg and high range ≥ 160/100 mmHg. All six devices maintained their overall grading or improved them slightly in the low and medium blood pressure ranges, but in the high blood pressure range the CH-Druck slipped from an overall A/A grading to B/C, the Profilomat from B/A to C/D, the SpaceLabs from B/B to C/C and the Pressurometer IV from C/D to D/D. The Takeda remained unchanged with a D grading, but the results within this grading were worse in the higher blood pressure range, and the Novacor rose from C/C to C/B. Conclusions: This analysis suggests that the CH-Druck is the most accurate ambulatory system across the pressure range, although it does not perform as well in the high blood pressure range as in the medium and low blood pressure ranges. The SpaceLabs 90207 is accurate in the low and medium blood pressure ranges and reasonably accurate in the high blood pressure range. If blood pressures only in the low and medium ranges are to be measured, a wider selection of ambulatory systems becomes available because, in addition to the CH-Druck and SpaceLabs 90207, the Profilomat and Novacor DIASYS 200R are accurate.
Health Status, Socioeconomic Status, and Utilization of Outpatient Services for Members of a Prepaid Group Practice

When evaluating the effectiveness of medical care programs, one concern is whether receipt of care is based upon health care needs or upon socioeconomic status. This study describes the relation between health status and socioeconomic status and attempts to determine which has the greater effect on ambulatory care utilization. The study setting was an operating HMO serving a cross-sectional membership of nearly 200,000 persons. Outpatient utilization data were derived from the medical records of a five per cent sample of health plan members for 1969 and 1970. Social, economic, situational, and attitudinal data were provided by 2,603 respondents in a household interview survey. Since a population's perceived health status may reflect health need, information from the survey provided measures of health status that ranged from specific symptoms and complaints to a general measure of perceived health status. Although the findings varied somewhat according to which variables were considered, they generally showed health status to correlate more highly than socioeconomic factors with the utilization of services in this medical care system. An exception was the use of preventive services, which was not significantly related to health status measures but rather, for women, to education and, to a lesser extent, income
Beyond mean allelic effects: A locus at the major color gene MC1R associates also with differing levels of phenotypic and genetic (co)variance for coloration in barn owls

The mean phenotypic effects of a discovered variant help to predict major aspects of the evolution and inheritance of a phenotype. However, differences in the phenotypic variance associated to distinct genotypes are often overlooked despite being suggestive of processes that largely influence phenotypic evolution, such as interactions between the genotypes with the environment or the genetic background. We present empirical evidence for a mutation at the melanocortin‐1‐receptor gene, a major vertebrate coloration gene, affecting phenotypic variance in the barn owl, Tyto alba. The white MC1R allele, which associates with whiter plumage coloration, also associates with a pronounced phenotypic and additive genetic variance for distinct color traits. Contrarily, the rufous allele, associated with a rufous coloration, relates to a lower phenotypic and additive genetic variance, suggesting that this allele may be epistatic over other color loci. Variance differences between genotypes entailed differences in the strength of phenotypic and genetic associations between color traits, suggesting that differences in variance also alter the level of integration between traits. This study highlights that addressing variance differences of genotypes in wild populations provides interesting new insights into the evolutionary mechanisms and the genetic architecture underlying the phenotype.
Influence of fundamental frequency cues on the perception of some synthetic intonation contours.

Synthetic fundamental frequency contours were classified by Polish and American‐English listeners as indicating either statements or questions. Graphic analyses were applied to listeners' responses in order to isolate the most prominent F0 cues that served to differentiate statements from questions. Comparisons between the response distributions for the two language groups revealed both common and language‐specific cues for F0 contour identification.
The role of magnetic resonance imaging in the evaluation of endometrial carcinoma.

PURPOSE Gynecological cancers comprise about 19% of all cancers in women whereas the endometrial cancer is the most common malignant tumor of the female reproductive organs. The application of modern imaging tools plays an important role in the preoperative assessment of disease extent and allows the selection of a proper and adequate therapeutic approach for each patient. The purpose of this review was to show the role of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in the evaluation of endometrial carcinoma. MRI enables the display of zonal anatomy of the uterus, detection of the anomalies as well as the detection and characterization of pathological processess. Endometrial cancer is staged with the International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics (FIGO) classification, which was significantly revised in 2009. The FIGO classification incorporates two of the important prognostic parameters, the depth of myometrial invasion and histological grade. The depth of myometrial invasion can be accurately assessed by MRI. MRI is not officially included in the FIGO staging system. However, it is widely accepted as a suitable imaging technique for preoperative staging, treatment planning and monitoring of patients with endometrial cancer.
Different Effects of IL-2 In Vivo Treatment and Emotional Stress on POMC Gene Expression in the Pituitary of Mice

Recent evidence indicate close and mutual relationships between the immune and endocrine systems. Immune mediators interact with neuroendocrine organs, thereby transmitting information to the central nervous system about changes in the immune status. Interleukin 2 (IL-2), which is secreted by activated 1-lymphocytes, is an immunotransmitter of this kind, It has been shown to induce the release of corticotropin releasing hormone (CRH) from rat hypothalami (4), to enhance the expression of the proopiomelanocortin (POMC) gene (3), and to promote the release of corticotropin (ACTH) (7) from pituitary cells in vitro. Furthermore, its administration to intact mice (5) resulted in transient increases of corticosterone (CN) plasma levels. Thus, IL-2 in viva gives rise to a sequence of events that are similar to those observed in stress. The aim of the present study was to compare the in vivo effect of IL-2 with those of emotional stress on plasma CN and POMC gene expression in mouse pituitary cells.
How SAGE helps to implement

Common cryptographic methods, especially Public Key Crypto Systems, PKCS based on difficulty to factor large integers or to compute the discrete logarithm, commonly deployed today will not resist attacks using quantum computers once these are operational. However, there are alternatives like hash based digital signature schemes, lattice based cryptography, or multivariate-quadratic-equations public-key cryptography. Here, we present ways to judiciously implement code based cryptography exemplified by the McEliece PKCS based on Goppa Codes. We will show how the open source computer algebra system SAGE can guide the implementation of the PKCS say on FPGAs.
Global Change and the Ecology of Cities

Urban areas are hot spots that drive environmental change at multiple scales. Material demands of production and human consumption alter land use and cover, biodiversity, and hydrosystems locally to regionally, and urban waste discharge affects local to global biogeochemical cycles and climate. For urbanites, however, global environmental changes are swamped by dramatic changes in the local environment. Urban ecology integrates natural and social sciences to study these radically altered local environments and their regional and global effects. Cities themselves present both the problems and solutions to sustainability challenges of an increasingly urbanized world.
A hybrid heuristic design technique for real-time matching optimization for wearable near-field ambient RF energy harvesters

In this paper, a novel real-time active matching circuit design process based on preliminary measurements and a hybridization of a genetic algorithm and a data mining method is discussed. As a result, our proposed matching circuit can potentially have higher dc output power at 92.0 % and 69.6 %of potential load combinations with a maximum matching performance improvement of 21.4 % and 37.6 % compared to conventional matching methods using a dc-dc converter and a fixed passive matching circuit, respectively. After the reduction of matching circuit variable choices utilizing the clustering method, it is possible to achieve a satisfactory matching in practically very short times in the order of 1 ms.
Design of Fault Tolerant Reversible Arithmetic Logic Unit in QCA

This work targets design of reversible ALU (arithmetic logic unit) in QCA (Quantum-dot Cellular Automata) framework. The design is based on the reversible QCA structure (RQCA) introduced in this paper. A fault tolerant architecture of reversible ALU is also synthesized. The proposed designs are verified and evaluated over the existing ALU designs and found to be more efficient in terms of design complexity and quantum cost.