Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
MILKY WAY STAR-FORMING COMPLEXES AND THE TURBULENT MOTION OF THE GALAXY'S MOLECULAR GAS

We analyze Spitzer GLIMPSE, Midcourse Space Experiment (MSX), and Wilkinson Microwave Anisotropy Probe (WMAP) images of the Milky Way to identify 8 μm and free–free sources in the Galaxy. Seventy-two of the 88 WMAP sources have coverage in the GLIMPSE and MSX surveys suitable for identifying massive star-forming complexes (SFCs). We measure the ionizing luminosity functions of the SFCs and study their role in the turbulent motion of the Galaxy's molecular gas. We find a total Galactic free–free flux fν = 46,177.6 Jy; the 72 WMAP sources with full 8 μm coverage account for 34,263.5 Jy (∼75%), with both measurements made at ν = 94 GHz (W band). We find a total of 280 SFCs, of which 168 have unique kinematic distances and free–free luminosities. We use a simple model for the radial distribution of star formation to estimate the free–free and ionizing luminosity for the sources lacking distance determinations. The total dust-corrected ionizing luminosity is Q = (2.9 ± 0.5) × 1053 photons s−1, which implies a Galactic star formation rate of . We present the (ionizing) luminosity function of the SFCs and show that 24 sources emit half the ionizing luminosity of the Galaxy. The SFCs appear as bubbles in GLIMPSE or MSX images; the radial velocities associated with the bubble walls allow us to infer the expansion velocity of the bubbles. We calculate the kinetic luminosity of the bubble expansion and compare it to the turbulent luminosity of the inner molecular disk. SFCs emitting 80% of the total Galactic free–free luminosity produce a kinetic luminosity equal to 65% of the turbulent luminosity in the inner molecular disk. This suggests that the expansion of the bubbles is a major driver of the turbulent motion of the inner Milky Way molecular gas.
PHOTONIC PROFILING TOWARDS MONITORING ENDOTHELIAL CELL DYSFUNCTION AT SINGLE CELL LEVEL

We integrate microfluidic and label-free optical technologies with highly efficient cell-to-light coupling to measure the realtime response of individual cells in a population to specific stimuli. The innate optical response of the cell comprises of scattering, absorbance and auto-fluorescence signals as well as cell morphology. We demonstrate that the so-obtained “photonic fingerprint” acts as a key reporter for the dysfunction of cells and may thus inform on a patient’s medical condition.
Effect of post-hatch nutrient intubation on performance, intestinal growth, meat yield and immune response in broiler chickens.

The response of broiler chicks to intubation of nutrients (starch, casein, soybean oil or their combinations) into the crop immediately after hatch was evaluated for performance, intestinal development, meat yield and immune competence up to 35 d of age. A control group with no access to feed and two test groups fed either inert material (sawdust) or starter diet for the initial 24 h after hatch were compared with nutrient intubated groups (n = 7). A total of 300 broiler chicks were equally distributed to 10 dietary groups with 6 replicates of 5 chicks each. After 24 h of hatch, all groups were fed ad libitum the starter (0-21 d) and finisher diets (22-35 d). Results indicated that post-hatch intubation of starch into the crop significantly (p≤0.05) improved body weight (at 14 and 35 d of age). ready-to-cook meat yields, weights of breast muscle and small intestine segments, cell-mediated immune response, ND titers and weight of bursa compared to chicks starved or fed sawdust during the initial 24 h after hatch. However, chicks with access to feed immediately after hatch or intubation of starch, soybean oil, starch+casein, starch+soybean oil or starch+casein+soybean oil exhibited similar positive effects. Intubation of casein either alone or in combination with soybean oil was superior to the starved or sawdust fed groups, but inferior to other groups for all the parameters studied. It was concluded from the study that intubation of starch individually or in combination with casein and/or soybean oil effectively circumvented the negative effects of post-hatch starvation for 24 h. Among the nutrients intubated, carbohydrate (starch) was better utilized by the chicks than protein (casein) or fat during the initial post-hatch period.
Integration of onshore and offshore seismic arrays to study the seismicity of the Calabrian Region: a two steps automatic procedure for the identification of the best stations geometry

Abstract. We plan to deploy in the Taranto Gulf some Ocean Bottom broadband Seismometer with Hydrophones. Our aim is to investigate the offshore seismicity of the Sibari Gulf. The seismographic network optimization consists in the identification of the optimal sites for the installation of the offshore stations, which is a crucial factor for the success of the monitoring campaign. In this paper, we propose a two steps automatic procedure for the identification of the best stations geometry. In the first step, based on the application of a set of a priori criteria, the suitable sites to host the ocean bottom seismic stations are identified. In the second step, the network improvement is evaluated for all the possible stations geometries by means of numerical simulation. The application of this procedure allows us to identify the best stations geometry to be achieved in the monitoring campaign.
Cohesive Devices in Written Discourse: A Discourse Analysis of a Student's Essay Writing.

Discourse is essential in communicating thoughts and ideas. People around the world communicate their ideas through stretches of language. In order to understand any discourse, it must achieve cohesion. The purpose of this paper is to define and describe the cohesive devices based on the work of Halliday and Hasan (1976). It also aims to emphasize the necessity of using these devices by analyzing a Michigan English Language Assessment Battery (MELAB) sample examination of a student’s essay writing. The student’s writing shows clear evidence of cohesion and demonstrates the use of grammatical and lexical devices. It is noticed that the most grammatical devices used are reference and conjunction. On the contrary, there is little evidence of using lexical devices. Although the essay is somewhat cohesive, some areas still need improvement.
Ventricular synchrony in patients with dilated cardiomyopathy and normal individuals: assessment by radionuclide ventriculography.

OBJECTIVE To establish the parameters of intra- and interventricular synchrony in normal individuals and to compare them with patients with dilated cardiomyopathy with and without conduction disorders shown in the electrocardiogram (ECG) examination. METHODS Three groups of patients were included in this study: 18 individuals (G1) with no cardiomyopathy and with a normal ECG (52+/-12 years, 29% male); 50 patients with dilated cardiomyopathy and severe left ventricular dysfunction, with 20 patients (G2) presenting QRS <120 ms (51+/-10 years, 75% male) and 30 patients (G3) with QRS >120 ms (57+/-12 years, 60% male). All patients underwent RV. Evaluation of left intraventricular dyssynchrony was carried out with the measurement of the phase histogram width and interventricular dyssynchrony was evaluated by the difference of the mean phase angle between the right and left ventricles (RLDif). RESULTS Left ventricle ejection fractions (LVEF)s were: 62 +/- 6% (G1), 27 +/- 7% (G2) and 22 +/- 8% (G3) and right ventricle ejection fractions were: 46 +/- 5% (G1), 41 +/- 6%(G2) and 38 +/- 8% (G3). Evaluation of the phase histogram width was: 89 +/- 18 ms (G1), 203 +/- 54 ms (G2) and 312 +/- 130 ms (G3), p<0.0001. The measurement of RLDif was: 14 +/- 11 ms (G1), 39 +/- 40 ms (G2) and 87 +/- 49 ms (G3); comparing G1 vs. G2 and G1 vs. G3, p<0.0001 and G2 vs. G3, p=0.0007. CONCLUSION The parameters analyzed discriminate the three groups of patients according to the ventricular synchrony degree. Patients with dilated cardiomyopathy and with no branch block in ECG (QRS <120 ms) may present dyssynchrony, but at a lower degree than patients with widened QRS.
PHYSICO-CHEMICAL PROPERTIES OF GELATIN EXTRACTED FROM CATLA SKIN (CATLA CATLA) (HAMILTON, 1822)

Studies on gelatins from fish processing by-products, such as the skin and bone, has increased for the replacement of mammalian sources of gelatin. So for evaluating the alternative good quality source of gelatin, the gelatin was extracted by the best method to achieve better gelatin yield and gel strength by alkali (NaOH, 0.2 %) pre-treatment followed by acid treatments (H2 SO4, 0.2 % and citric acid, 1 %) with pre-treatment time for 40 Min., from skin of Catla and its rheological and functional properties were examined at three different temperature (40, 45 and 50 0 C). The proximate composition of raw material was found to be moisture74.77%, crude protein 18.87%, crude fat 3.22% and ash 3.51%. The proximate composition of extracted gelatin was found to be comparatively better at 45 0 C than 40 and 50 0 C. The yield of gelatin was high at 45 0 C temperature. The gel strength of extracted gelatin of Catla at 45 0 C temperature (180.76 g) was found to be higher than 40 and 50 0 C. Similarly the viscosity, melting point, emulsifying capacity and stability extracted gelatin at 45 0 C from Catla skin were in general significantly higher than those of gelatin extracted at 40 and 50 0 C temperature. Hydroxiproline content in extracted gelatin of Catla was found to be in the range of 6.53-8.67 mg/g and highest content of hydroxiproline was obtained at 45 0 C temperature. It can be concluded from the above results that the Catla is prospective source to produce gelatin of higher yield and quality and desirable rheological and functional properties at 45 0 C temperature. These promising finding may contribute to the on-going efforts for using fish gelatin
Measuring two-qubit gates

Accurate characterization of two-qubit gates will be critical for any realization of quantum computation. We discuss a range of measurements for characterizing two-qubit gates. These measures are architecture-independent and span a range of complexity from simple measurement routines to full quantum-state and process tomography. Simple indicative measures, which flag but do not quantify gate operation in the quantum regime, include the fringe visibility, parity, Bell-state fidelity, and entanglement witnesses. Quantitative measures of gate output states include linear entropy and tangle; measures of, and error bounds to, whole-gate operation are provided by metrics such as process fidelity, process distance, and average gate fidelity. We discuss which measures are appropriate, given the stage of development of the gate, and highlight connections between them.
Asynchronous Dynamic Output Feedback Control of Switched Time-Delay Systems with Sensor Nonlinearity and Missing Measurements

The dynamic output feedback control problem for a class of discrete-time switched time-delay systems under asynchronous switching is investigated in this paper. Sensor nonlinearity and missing measurements are considered when collecting output knowledge of the system. Firstly, when there exists asynchronous switching between the switching modes and the candidate controllers, new results on the regional stability and gain analysis for the underlying system are given by allowing the Lyapunov-like function (LLF) to increase with a random probability. Then, a mean square stabilizing output feedback controller and a switching law subject to average dwell time (ADT) are obtained with a given disturbance attenuation level. Moreover, the mean square domain of attraction could be estimated by a convex combination of a set of ellipsoids, the number of which depends on the number of switching modes. Finally, a numerical example is given to illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed method.
Big Data Analytics using Meta MachineLearning

As “Big Data” grows bigger at a rapid speed, Machine Learning (MACHINE LEARNING) techniques have come to play a vital role in automatic data processing and analytics across a wide spectrum of application domains. However, lack of well-defined values in choosing MACHINE LEARNING algorithms suitable for a given problem remains a major challenge. Today this choice depends mainly upon empirical rules such as the size of training data, number of dissimilar labels, need for interpretable decision boundaries, and real-time memory constraint. It is often also guided by realistic factors such as readily available code and comfort level of the programmers, and empirically unwavering parameters finely tuned by repeated experiments. We propose to lay the foundations of the next generation of domain agnostic MACHINE LEARNING techniques which will be able to sum up “a priori” knowledge of MACHINE LEARNING successes across domains, in analytics framework. Our goal is to alter the difficult alchemy involved in using MACHINE LEARNING techniques that take years to master into a simple skill that can be readily adapted by practitioners across fields. We wish to refer to this science as “Meta-Machine Learning” (MMACHINE LEARNING).
Removal of GABA ( A ) Receptor gamma 2 Subunits from Parvalbumin Neurons Causes Wide-Ranging Behavioral Alterations

We investigated the behavioral significance of fast synaptic inhibition by abc2-type GABAA receptors on parvalbumin (Pv) cells. The GABAA receptor c2 subunit gene was selectively inactivated in Pv-positive neurons by Cre/loxP recombination. The resulting Pv-Dc2 mice were relatively healthy in the first postnatal weeks; but then as Cre started to be expressed, the mice progressively developed wide-ranging phenotypic alterations including low body weight, motor deficits and tremor, decreased anxiety levels, decreased pain sensitivity and deficient prepulse inhibition of the acoustic startle reflex and impaired spatial learning. Nevertheless, the deletion was not lethal, and mice did not show increased mortality even after one year. Autoradiography with t-butylbicyclophosphoro[S]thionate suggested an increased amount of GABAA receptors with only a and b subunits in central nervous system regions that contained high levels of parvalbumin neurons. Using BACtransgenesis, we reduced some of the Pv-Dc2 phenotype by selectively re-expressing the wild-type c2 subunit back into some Pv cells (reticular thalamic neurons and cerebellar Pv-positive neurons). This produced less severe impairments of motor skills and spatial learning compared with Pv-Dc2 mice, but all other deficits remained. Our results reveal the widespread significance of fast GABAergic inhibition onto Pv-positive neurons for diverse behavioral modalities, such as motor coordination, sensorimotor integration, emotional behavior and nociception. Citation: Leppä E, Linden A-M, Vekovischeva OY, Swinny JD, Rantanen V, et al. (2011) Removal of GABAA Receptor c2 Subunits from Parvalbumin Neurons Causes Wide-Ranging Behavioral Alterations. PLoS ONE 6(9): e24159. doi:10.1371/journal.pone. 0024159 Editor: Izumi Sugihara, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Japan Received May 24, 2011; Accepted August 1, 2011; Published September 2, 2011 Copyright: 2011 Leppä et al. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. Funding: This work was supported by the Finnish Graduate School of Neuroscience (EL), the Academy of Finland (ERK), the Sigrid Juselius Foundation (ERK), the Volkswagen Foundation I/78 554 (ERK & WW), the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft WI 1951/2 (PW & WW), and the Medical Research Council G0601498 (PW & WW). The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. Competing Interests: The authors have declared that no competing interests exist. * E-mail: esa.korpi@helsinki.fi (ERK); w.wisden@imperial.ac. uk (WW) ¤a Current address: Institute of Medical Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Foresterhill, Aberdeen, United Kingdom ¤b Current address: Department of Life Sciences, Imperial College London, South Kensington, London, United Kingdom
Global Phosphorus Flows and Environmental Impacts from a Consumption Perspective

Human activities have significantly intensified natural phosphorus cycles, which has resulted in some serious environmental problems that modern societies face today. This article attempts to quantify the global phosphorus flows associated with present day mining, farming, animal feeding, and household consumption. Various physical characteristics of the related phosphorus fluxes as well as their environmental impacts in different economies, including the United States, European countries, and China, are examined. Particular attention is given to the global phosphorus budget in cropland and the movement and transformation of phosphorus in soil, because these phosphorus flows, in association with the farming sector, constitute major fluxes that dominate the anthropogenic phosphorus cycle. The results show that the global input of phosphorus to cropland, in both inorganic and organic forms from various sources, cannot compensate for the removal in harvests and in the losses by erosion and runoff. A net loss of phosphorus from the world's cropland is estimated at about 10.5 million metric tons (MMT) phosphorus each year, nearly one half of the phosphorus extracted yearly.
Steady State Performance and Sensitivity of a Continuous Recombinant Fermentation with Plasmid Copy Number Multiplicity

Fermentations utilizing genetically modified cells usually contain two or more fractions of plasmid-bearing cells differing in the plasmid copy number. Competition among these cells and those without the plasmid may lead to a different performance than in the more 'ideal' situation where all recombinant cells have the same number of plasmids. A recent study considered the steady state sensitivities to the feed concentration of substrate and the dilution rate for a continuous fermentation with Saccharomyces cerevisiae XK1-C2 harbouring the plasmid pSXR125, which synthesizes b-galactosidase, with a uniform copy number. A similar analysis has been applied here to the same fermentation with a binomial distribution in the copy number. Although the steady states and their sensitivities are different from those for a uniform distribution, the dilution rate is still the favoured manipulated variable for control. While a selective medium generates a superior performance, its higher sensitivities require rapid on-line monitoring and anticipatory control.
Testing World Consumption Asset Pricing Models

Using data for 17 countries, this study empirically examine the performance of four consumption-based capital asset pricing models (CCAPM): the classic world CCAPM under the assumption of complete international markets integration, the heterogeneous world CCAPM under the framework of Constantinides and Duffie (1996) and two world habit models. The nonlinear models are estimated and tested by Hansen’s (1982) GMM. The empirical results suggest that a large and economically implausible coefficient of relative risk aversion is needed to resolve the equity premium puzzle for the classic world CCAPM; by contrast, more sophisticated consumption models (the heterogeneous world CCAPM and the world surplus CCAPM) are able to generate an equity premium at lower coefficients of relative risk aversion. The study provides another piece of evidence supporting consumption-based models, particularly the heterogeneous world CCAPM and the world surplus CCAPM, for asset pricing in international markets.
An Optimized Method for PDEs-Based Geometric Modeling and Reconstruction

This study presents an optimized method for efficient geometric modeling and reconstruction using Partial Differential Equations (PDEs). Based on the identification between the analytic solution of Bloor Wilson PDE and the Fourier series, we transform the problem of model selection for PDEs-based geometric modeling into the problem of significant frequencies selection from Fourier series. With the significance analysis of the Fourier series, a model selection and an iterative surface fitting algorithm are applied to address the problem of over fitting and under fitting in the PDEs-based geometric modeling and reconstruction. Simulations are conducted on both the computer generated geometric surface and the laser scanned 3D face data. Experiment results show the merits of the proposed method.
The Effect of the Financial Leverage on the Profitability in the Tourism Companies (Analytical Study- Tourism Sector- Jordan)

This study aims to identify the financial leverage ratio and the rate of return on investment on profitability for sources of the funding in tourism companies which operating in Jordan. And to achieve this study the researcher use some companies related to the Tourism sector from the firms that listed in Amman Stock Exchange. The study finds the existence of a statistically significant impact for the independent variables (financial leverage and ROI) of the Tourism companies on the Profitability. Moreover, this study concluded that the independent financial variables explain the 4.4% percentage of changes occurring in the Profitability since they are considered as the dependent variable. Furthermore, the results indicate the presence of a statistically significant impact for the financial leverage on the Profitability of the Tourism companies listed in the Amman Exchange.
Initial performance assessment of CALIOP

The Cloud‐Aerosol Lidar with Orthogonal Polarization (CALIOP, pronounced the same as “calliope”) is a spaceborne two‐wavelength polarization lidar that has been acquiring global data since June 2006. CALIOP provides high resolution vertical profiles of clouds and aerosols, and has been designed with a very large linear dynamic range to encompass the full range of signal returns from aerosols and clouds. CALIOP is the primary instrument carried by the Cloud‐Aerosol Lidar and Infrared Pathfinder Satellite Observations (CALIPSO) satellite, which was launched on April 28, 2006. CALIPSO was developed within the framework of a collaboration between NASA and the French space agency, CNES. Initial data analysis and validation intercomparisons indicate the quality of data from CALIOP meets or exceeds expectations. This paper presents a description of the CALIPSO mission, the CALIOP instrument, and an initial assessment of on‐orbit measurement performance.
New species of terapon perches (Percoidei, Teraponidae) from Australia. American Museum novitates ; no. 2654

The American Museum-Australian expedi-tion to Western Australia which collected part of the type series of Syncomistes rastellus was made possible by the generous financial support provided by Mr. James Greenway, Jr. of the Department of Omithology of the American Museum. The remaining material was collected by one of us (J.B.H.) on the expedition to the Drysdale River National Park, North Kim-berley, of the Department of Fisheries and Wildlife, Perth, Western Australia. Research associated with this project was carried out at the American Museum of Natural History, Western Australian Museum, and British Mu-seum (Natural History) partially supported by a NATO-NSF Postdoctoral Fellowship to the senior author. Dr. D. E. Rosen of the American Museum and Mr. G. J. Howes of the British Museum offered helpful suggestions on earlier drafts of the manuscript. The assistance of the above individuals and institutions is gratefully acknowledged.