Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
ANTARCTIC CLOUDS AND CLIMATE IN THE NCAR CLIMATE MODELS

The largest variance between the results of global climate models is found in the polar regions (e.g., Gates et al. 1996). Cloud radiative effects contribute to the difficulty of modeling the polar regions, as phenomena such as clear-sky precipitation and Arctic haze must be accounted for. Additional complications include extremely low surface temperatures and atmospheric moisture contents. Cloud emissivities are frequently much less than 1 (Lubin and Harper 1996; Randall et al. 1998). Near surface air is often saturated or supersaturated with respect to ice (Anderson 1993). Furthermore, the radiative flux is concentrated in different parts of the infrared spectrum than in warmer, wetter climates (Curry et al. 1996). Many common modeling parameterizations are designed for other environments and may not work well in polar regions (Pinto and Curry 1997; Randall et al. 1998). Fortunately, several recent projects have generated knowledge about clouds and radiative processes and their interactions in the Arctic. Now we must turn our attention to the Antarctic region. While water clouds are often present in the Arctic, clouds over interior Antarctica consist primarily of ice crystals (Morley et al. 1989). Furthermore, concentrations of condensation nuclei can be extremely low (Austin Hogan, personal communication, 2001). Modeling studies show that the simulated high southern latitude climate is highly sensitive to the radiation parameterization (Shibata and Chiba 1990; Lubin et al. 1998). Simulations with previous generations of the National Center for Atmospheric Research (NCAR) climate models have demonstrated the difficulties representing the hydrologic cycle and radiative effects for the polar regions, especially Antarctica (Tzeng et al. 1993, 1994). Despite many improvements over the
Proposal for Modeling Naturally Fractured Reservoirs

This paper proposes a methodology for modeling naturally fractured reservoirs. The new methodology is based on previous works but offers several unique improvements. A new method for calculating a robust correlation coefficient in the presence of sparse data has been proposed. The sampling distribution for the correlation coefficient is implemented in order to examine its uncertainty and its effect on geostatistical models. The proposed methodology also considers the discrete fracture network generation techniques that simulate more geologically realistic inter-relationships between parameters such as fracture length, aperture, location and density. Flow simulation sensitivity studies have been proposed that would derive flow sensitivity coefficients allowing faster and more accurate history matching.
Remote Sensing Technology: Vegetation Index Analysis Based On Landuse

This study aims to determine: 1) Land use classification in 2016 in Solok Regency, 2) vegetation density (NDVI) and 3) vegetation density (NDVI) in the research area. The data used in this research is the density data of vegetation and the area that is taken from the Landsat 8 OLI image in 2016. The method used in this study is Landsat 8 OLI image interpretation by calculating the index of vegetation density or Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) obtained by the calculation of near infrared with red reflected by the plant. The NDVI value is obtained by comparing near-infrared (NIR) and Red data. NDVI is the value of Normalized Difference Vegetation Index, NIR is band 5 and Red is from band 4 in Landsat image 8. Technique of analysis using Geography Information System (GIS), by determining value of vegetation canopy density using the result from NDVI calculation, then the NDVI class values are reclassified into three classes, which are rare, medium and tight density. The results showed: In 2016 identified there are as many as 9 types of land use. The land uses are Primary Forest, Secondary Forest, Paddy Field, Settlements, Mixed Plantations, Crop Fields, Water Bodies, Bushes, and Plantations. The most widespread use is Primary Forest. The level of vegetation density in Solok Regency ranges from rare, medium, and tight density levels. Water Bodies have an area of 6,690 ha (1.98%), vegetation having a rare density of 79,208 ha (23.49%), vegetation with a medium density of 77,098 (22.86%), and for density the meeting has an area of 174,223 ha (51.66%). Keyword: NDVI, Landuse, Remote Sensing, Landsat 8 OLI
USING STATE FEEDBACK TO CONTROL AN ARTICULATORY SYNTHESIZER

: Here we consider the application of state feedback control to stabilize an articulatory speech synthesizer during the generation of speech utterances. We first describe the architecture of such an approach from a signal flow perspective. We explain that an internal model is needed for effective operation, which can be acquired during a babbling phase. The required inverse mapping between the synthesizer’s control parameters and their auditory consequences can be learned using a neural network. Such an inverse model provides a means to map output that occur in an acoustic speech domain back to an articulatory domain, where it can assist in compensatory adjustments. We show that it is possible to build such an inverse model for the Birkholz articulatory synthesizer for vowel production. Finally, we illustrate the operation of the inverse model with some simple vowels sequences and static vowel qualities.
MRI Segmentation of a Prostate Based on Distance Regularized Level Set Evolution with a Priori Shape

Prostate segmentation from MRI is a necessary first step and plays a key role in different stages of clinical decision making process. In this paper, we propose a MR T1 Image segmentation method of the prostate based on distance regularized level set evolution with a deformable shape prior. To smooth the prostate image to reduce the noise, we introduce a prostate image with Gaussian kernel and get an edge indicator. To avoid the leakage induced on account of prostate boundaries missing, or blending with surrounding tissues, we introduce priori shape information to construct an energy function with a distance regularization term and an external shape energy term containing the edge indicator and minimize it by solving the gradient flow which can be implemented with a finite difference scheme. To verify the MRI segmentation method of a prostate presented in this paper, we utilize the optimal value of parameters  ,  , and  in the distance regularized level set evolution model and the deformable shape prior of prostate to segment a part of images from normal prostate, benign hyperplasia prostate and cancer prostate. The experiment results show that the MRI segmentation method of prostate presented in this paper is effective for different situation of different patients.
Dietary Practices among Type 2 Diabetic Patients - A Cross-Sectional Study from a Major City in India. -

Objective: The study aimed to evaluate dietary practices of patients with Type 2 diabetes from urban area. Materials and Methods: The study was conducted at Karnataka Institute of Diabetology, Bangalore, during June 2013-July 2014. 677 patients with type 2 diabetes (having for ˂ 3years) aged between 3060 years formed the study population. Standardized questionnaires were used to obtain data about dietary practices and food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) was used to assess food intake. Results: Results revealed 75.2 % maintained mealtime strictly, 57.8 % consumed 4-6 meals/day and majority (90.4 %) did not skip meals since diagnosed diabetes. There was a close time gap of 45 minutes between mean dinner time and mean bed time. Usual intake of foods from all the food groups were markedly less compared to national nutrition recommendations for adults. Changes in dietary practices incorporated due to diabetic state were: a decreased intake of sweets (73.5%), cereals (55%), fruits (41%) and meat and poultry (21.8%). Although 90.2 % of the participants received diabetic nutrition education, changes in the dietary behaviors before and after being diagnosed diabetic did not alter distinctly. Conclusion: Diabetic patients had poor dietary practices and consumed protective foods inadequately. Dietary practices did not change markedly except for reduction in sweets, cereals, and meat. Diabetic nutrition education program need to be strengthened and tailor made to the individual for effective self care.
Creative Construction Conference 2017 , CCC 2017 , 19-22 June 2017 , Primosten , Croatia Criteria on the Value of Expert ’ s Opinions for Analyzing Complex Structures in Construction and Real Estate Management

Traditionally an expert is considered somebody who knows more and can appraise something better than anyone else can on the ground of specific knowledge. In this paper, such an assumption is put on solid grounds as to reveal what makes the expert superior to the common observer. Commonly an expert’s view on a system is taken to be valid justified by reputation, which is described by the term of experience. Proper experience means to have already investigated a sufficient number of similar systems and therefore to be able to predict values and behavior of system variables within acceptably small margins. This approach refers to the similarity of complex systems, calling for a large number of well-understood systems to form the knowledge base and for an appropriate similarity of the systems to evaluate. Thus, we conclude the resulting accuracy to be naturally poor or the approach mistaken. An expert’s expertise can therefore only be judged by the presentation of a comprehensive structure of the given situation leading to a set of evaluations for single branches or, in more sophisticated approaches, a set of possibly nonlinear functions allowing to merge the subsystems into one encompassing system. Then, the singular subsystems may become comparable to known situations and thus are understandable and predictable with sufficient accuracy. This will only help understanding the total system if the concatenation of the subsystems would not introduce additional complexity by taking their interaction into account, i.e. if the subsystems can be considered as superimposable. This will be the case if the interactions are exclusively linear and the proposed structure loop-less. Based on systems theory, this article provides criteria of how the validity of an expert’s opinion on a complex system can be strictly evaluated and made use of in further considerations on solid grounds. © 2017 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd. Peer-review under responsibility of the scientific committee of the Creative Construction Conference 2017.
A New Multiple Order Multichannel Fast QRD Algorithm and its Application to Non-linear System Identification

Multichannel versions of the Fast QRD-RLS algorithms have been mostly addressed in the literature for channels of equal orders. However, in many applications, such as in the case of the Volterra filtering problem, one has to deal with channels of unequal orders. This, along with the fact that the Fast QRD-RLS algorithms based on backward prediction errors are well known for their good numerical behavior and low complexity, has motivated the development of multichannel Fast QRD- RLS algorithms that cope with these cases. This paper presents a new multichannel Fast QRD-RLS algorithm based on a posteriori backward error updating, comprising scalar operations only, that attains both cases of equal and unequal channel orders.
Suicide Risk Assessment with Multi-level Dual-Context Language and BERT

Mental health predictive systems typically model language as if from a single context (e.g. Twitter posts, status updates, or forum posts) and often limited to a single level of analysis (e.g. either the message-level or user-level). Here, we bring these pieces together to explore the use of open-vocabulary (BERT embeddings, topics) and theoretical features (emotional expression lexica, personality) for the task of suicide risk assessment on support forums (the CLPsych-2019 Shared Task). We used dual context based approaches (modeling content from suicide forums separate from other content), built over both traditional ML models as well as a novel dual RNN architecture with user-factor adaptation. We find that while affect from the suicide context distinguishes with no-risk from those with “any-risk”, personality factors from the non-suicide contexts provide distinction of the levels of risk: low, medium, and high risk. Within the shared task, our dual-context approach (listed as SBU-HLAB in the official results) achieved state-of-the-art performance predicting suicide risk using a combination of suicide-context and non-suicide posts (Task B), achieving an F1 score of 0.50 over hidden test set labels.
FishStore: Fast Ingestion and Indexing of Raw Data

The last decade has witnessed a huge increase in data being ingested into the cloud from a variety of data sources. The ingested data takes various forms such as JSON, CSV, and binary formats. Traditionally, data is either ingested into storage in raw form, indexed ad-hoc using range indices, or cooked into analytics-friendly columnar formats. None of these solutions is able to handle modern requirements on storage: making the data available immediately for ad-hoc and streaming queries while ingesting at extremely high throughputs. We demonstrate FishStore, our opensource concurrent latch-free storage layer for data with flexible schema. FishStore builds on recent advances in parsing and indexing techniques, and is based on multi-chain hash indexing of dynamically registered predicated subsets of data. We find predicated subset hashing to be a powerful primitive that supports a broad range of queries on ingested data and admits a higher performance (by up to an order of magnitude) implementation than current alternatives.
Communicative aspects of the dyadic musical interaction between mother and child

Background. It is well known that music covers an essential role in the dyadic interaction of a child even in his first moments of life. It has been observed, particularly in the relationship between mother and son, that a musical stimulus, especially coming from a voice, is effective either from a communicative-affective (Stern, 2004) or from a communicativeattention point of view (Papousek, Papousek, Boestein, 1985). The characteristics of this interaction, like the presence of the repetition/variation mechanism (Imberty, 2005) and communicative symmetries (Fogel, 1977), are extremely important in order to create self-consciousness inside a child, either in a family or in a school context. The “communicative co-regulation” – Relational Coding System – (Fogel) is an implicit feature of the dyadic relationship, and its decoding process represents an important resource in order to investigate the construction mechanism of self-consciousness in a child throughout the family and scholastic routines (Addessi, 2008).
THE DISCOVERY OF A GRAVITATIONALLY LENSED SUPERNOVA IA AT REDSHIFT 2.22

We present the discovery and measurements of a gravitationally lensed supernova (SN) behind the galaxy cluster MOO J1014+0038. Based on multi-band Hubble Space Telescope and Very Large Telescope (VLT) photometry and spectroscopy, we ﬁnd a 99% probability that this SN is a SN Ia, and a 1% chance of a CC SN. Our typing algorithm combines the shape and color of the light curve with the expected rates of each SN type in the host galaxy. With a redshift of 2.2216, this is the highest redshift SN Ia discovered with a spectroscopic host-galaxy redshift. A further distinguishing feature is that the lensing cluster, at redshift 1.23, is the most distant to date to have an ampliﬁed SN. The SN lies in the middle of the color and light-curve shape distributions found at lower redshift, disfavoring strong evolution to z = 2 . 22 . We estimate an ampliﬁcation of 2 . 8 +0 . 6 − 0 . 5 ( 1 . 10 ± 0 . 23 mag)—compatible with the value estimated from the weak-lensing-derived mass and the mass-concentration relation from Λ CDM simulations—making it the most ampliﬁed SN Ia discovered behind a galaxy cluster. We present our discovery and measurements of a lensed SN with a host-galaxy redshift of 2.22. The light curve of this SN most closely matches a SN Ia, in both shape and color; there are only two known core collapse templates within a factor of 100 of the best ﬁt SN Ia likelihood (and with both of these requiring an additional two magnitudes of ampliﬁcation to match the absolute magnitude of SNe Ia). We determine a robust host galaxy redshift of 2.2216 ± 0 . 0002 , from a VLT X-shooter spectrum displaying multiple absorption features. Measurements of the spectrum, SED ﬁtting of the broadband photometry (from GTC OSIRIS g (cid:48) , r (cid:48) and i (cid:48) and HST F 105 W and F 140 W ), and measurement of the surface brightness proﬁle independently demonstrate a massive, low-SFR host galaxy. When combined with observational constraints on SN rates, the low-SFR environment implies that most of the SNe in this galaxy are expected to be SNe Ia. When considering the likelihoods from the light curve ﬁts to all SN subtypes, this leads to a 99% probability that this exceptional event is a SN Ia. This makes it the highest redshift SN Ia with a spectroscopic redshift and the highest redshift lensed SN of any type. Using the conventional SN Ia standardization relation and assuming a Planck Collaboration et al. (2015) cosmology, we estimate the SN ampliﬁcation is 2 . 8 +0 . 6 − 0 . 5 in ﬂux (1.1 mag), making this the most ampliﬁed SN Ia discovered behind a galaxy cluster to date. We estimate only a 10% chance of ﬁnding a SN Ia at or beyond this redshift (using the high-redshift SN rate model in Rodney et al. (2014) up to z = 3 ) at least this close to the center of one of our clusters (thus allowing it to be lensed), making this an exceptional discovery. The light-curve parameters of SN SCP16C03 are close to the mode of the population distribution of lower redshift SNe,
Assisting 3 D Indoor Positioning for Robot Navigation Ban

With the increasing employment of mobile robots to achieve different tasks in various applications, the need for localization and body position for these robots is increasing rapidly. Many techniques are proposed to calculate the precise coordinates of a robot based on the distances measured between the robot and a set of reference points. Also, internal sensors, such as accelerometers and gyroscopes, are used to detect the body position and the direction of the robot. However, the effect of obstacles in an indoor environment and sensor drifts still limit the applicability of such systems. Thus, in this study, a novel technique that uses one or more robots to compensate for the missing stationary points is proposed. The robots in the proposed technique collaborate to improve the positioning accuracy, by providing reference points to each other. Per each movement execution of one robot, the remaining robots remain stationary, to provide the required reference points. When the robot finishes the movement execution, its position is updated based on the signals collected from the other robots, in addition to the position calculated by the onboard sensors. Then, another robot is selected to execute its movement. The results show that the proposed method has been able to improve the positioning accuracy, by increasing the number of collaborating robots, when the median function if used to select the coordinates of the robot, among the candidate positions.
Finding shortest path to non-stop intersection for future transportation

transportation Oanh Tran Thi Kim, Jun Hyeong Lee, Ji Yeon Kim, Choong Seon Hong Department of Computer Engineering, Kyung Hee University {ttkoanh, wnsgud3014, nabillee, cshong}@khu.ac. kr Abstract Shortest path query is an important problem and has been well studied in static graphs. However, in practice, there are many factors that influence cost of edges such as weather, time of day, and vehicle type. Then, the costs of edges in graphs always change over time. Therefore, finding shortest path needs to be considered not only distance but also factors affecting road speed. In this paper, we addressed the problem of computing fastest paths underlying future transportation with traffic speed patterns to non-stop intersections. A system model is proposed to show how a finding path processing is performed in future transportation. By defining the path cost, we propose an efficient finding path algorithm to compute a costoptimal path.
Agroecology as a science , a movement and a practice . A review

Agroecology involves various approaches to solve actual challenges of agricultural production. Though agroecology initially dealt primarily with crop production and protection aspects, in recent decades new dimensions such as environmental, social, economic, ethical and development issues are becoming relevant. Today, the term ‘agroecology’ means either a scientific discipline, agricultural practice, or political or social movement. Here we study the different meanings of agroecology. For that we analyse the historical development of agroecology. We present examples from USA, Brazil, Germany, and France. We study and discuss the evolution of different meanings agroecology. The use of the term agroecology can be traced back to the 1930s. Until the 1960s agroecology referred only as a purely scientific discipline. Then, different branches of agroecology developed. Following environmental movements in the 1960s that went against industrial agriculture, agroecology evolved and fostered agroecological movements in the 1990s. Agroecology as an agricultural practice emerged in the 1980s, and was often intertwined with movements. Further, the scales and dimensions of agroecological investigations changed over the past 80 years from the plot and field scales to the farm and agroecosystem scales. Actually three approaches persist: (1) investigations at plot and field scales, (2) investigations at the agroecosystem and farm scales, and (3) investigations covering the whole food system. These different approaches of agroecological science can be explained by the history of nations. In France, agroecology was mainly understood as a farming practice and to certain extent as a movement, whereas the corresponding scientific discipline was agronomy. In Germany, agroecology has a long tradition as a scientific discipline. In the USA and in Brazil all three interpretations of agroecology occur, albeit with a predominance of agroecology as a science in the USA and a stronger emphasis on movement and agricultural practice in Brazil. These varied meanings of the term agroecology cause confusion among scientists and the public, and we recommend that those who publish using this term be explicit in their interpretation. agroecosystem / Brazil / food system / France / Germany / rural development / scientific discipline / sustainable agriculture / USA
A Simple Single-Switch Single-Stage AC-DC Converter with Fast Otput Voltage regulation

In this paper, a simple single-stage AC/DC converter based on the flyback topology is presented. With a single switch, a fast-regulated output voltage is achieved and, although the line current is not sinusoidal, the converter complies with the Standard IEC 1000-3-2 about low frequency harmonies for a medium power range (50-500 W). The major advantages of this converter are the size and the efficiency. Design guidelines, analysis of the line current, and extensions to other topologies are analyzed. Experimental results are included in the paper.
rainforest conversion and agroforestry intensification Tradeoffs between income , biodiversity , and ecosystem functioning during tropical

Zeller, and Teja Tscharntke Tjitrosoedirdjo, Soekisman Tjitrosoemito, André Twele, Robert Weber, Lars Woltmann, Manfred Pitopang, Matthias Schaefer, Stefan Schwarze, Simone G. Sporn, Andrea Steingrebe, Sri S. Leuschner, Miet Maertens, Rainer Marggraf, Sonja Migge-Kleian, Johanis Mogea, Ramadhaniel Marieke Harteveld, Dietrich Hertel, Patrick Höhn, Martin Kappas, Stefan Köhler, Christoph Stefan Erasmi, Heiko Faust, Gerhard Gerold, Klaus Glenk, S. Robbert Gradstein, Edi Guhardja, Ingolf Steffan-Dewenter, Michael Kessler, Jan Barkmann, Merijn M. Bos, Damayanti Buchori,