Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Navigation Improves Accuracy of Rotational Alignment in Total Knee Arthroplasty

Successful total knee arthroplasty is dependent on the correct alignment of implanted prostheses. Major clinical problems can be related to poor femoral component positioning, including sagittal plane and rotational malalignment. A prospective randomized study was designed to test whether an optical navigation system for total knee arthroplasty achieved greater implantation precision than a nonnavigated technique. The primary variable was rotation of the femoral component in the transverse plane, measured from postoperative radiographs and computed tomography images. Sixty-four patients were included in the study. All patients received the Duracon total knee prosthesis. The patients were randomly divided into two groups: Group C patients had conventional total knee arthroplasty without navigation; Group N patients had total knee arthroplasty using a computer-assisted knee navigation system. Analysis showed that patients in Group N had significantly better rotational alignment and flexion angle of the femoral component than patients in Group C. In addition, superior postoperative alignment of the mechanical axis, posterior tibial slope, and rotational alignment was achieved for patients in Group N. The use of a navigation system provides improved alignment accuracy, and can help to avoid femoral malrotation and errors in axial alignment.
Risk factors for suicide attempts in a clinic-based sample of people living with HIV in Puerto Rico

Puerto Rico (PR) has a large and rapidly growing population of people living with HIV. However, relatively little behavioral or clinical research has been done in this population. As treatment for HIV increasingly moves into a chronic condition model, it is becoming increasingly important to understand the needs of this population so critical social and behavioral interventions can be developed, thus enabling the individual and community-level benefits of antiretroviral (ARV) treatment to be fully realized. To date, however, there has been very little research on the mental health needs of people living with HIV in PR, a fact that constrains intervention development and implementation. This paper describes data from a public sexually transmitted infection (STI) and HIV clinic study in the San Juan metropolitan area between April 2010 and December 2012 (n = 1185), roughly a third (36%) of whom are living with HIV. Descriptive statistics, chi-square, t-tests, and binary logistic regressions were used to assess associations between HIV status and a history of suicide attempt. The overall prevalence of a history of suicide attempt was 20.4%. No statistically significant relationship was found between a history of suicide attempt and being HIV positive, although people with HIV infection did evidence a higher prevalence of attempts than HIV-negative subjects (23.4% vs. 19.0%). Factors associated with having a history of suicide attempt within the overall sample included gender, current employment status, a lifetime history of drug use, and a lifetime history of sex work. Similar patterns were seen in the HIV-positive subsample. There was a nonsignificant trend toward increased risk for a post-diagnosis suicide attempt. These findings suggest that additional research on mental health risks among populations at risk for HIV in PR is needed.
Hypothyroidism and hyperprolactinemia showed positive correlation in women with primary and secondary infertility

Background: Hyperprolactinemia is a common problem which is encountered in reproductive disorder. Hyperprolactinemia is usually associated with menstrual and ovulatory disorders like amenorrhea, oligomenorrhea, anovulation, ovulatory cycle with short or inadequate luteal phase and galactorrhea. Hypothyroidism may also cause failure to ovulation in women of reproductive age group. This study has been conducted to correlate prolactin and thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) levels in primary and secondary infertility. Methods: The study comprises of 120 female subjects, which were divided into three groups-healthy control women (group 1), women with primary infertility (group 2) and secondary infertility (group 3). Fasting blood samples were collected between 7 AM to 8 AM. Hormones T3, T4, TSH and prolactin levels were estimated by enzyme linked fluorescent immunoassay (ELFA) method in all the study subjects. Results: In the present study there was a positive correlation of hyperprolctinemia with hypothyroidism in both primary and secondary infertile women. Conclusions: Hence it is recommended to screen serum prolactin levels along with thyroid hormones screening in women with infertility problems.
Effect of repeated ketoprofen administration during surgical castration of bulls on cortisol, immunological function, feed intake, growth, and behavior.

To determine the effect of repeated ketoprofen (K) administration to surgically castrated bulls on cortisol, acute-phase proteins, immune function, feed intake, growth and behavior, 50 Holstein x Friesian bulls (11 mo old; 300 +/- 3.3 kg) were assigned to one of five treatments: 1) untreated control (C); 2) surgical castration at 0 min (S); 3) S following an i.v. injection of 3 mg/kg of BW of K at -20 min (SK1); 4) S following 1.5 mg/kg of BW of K at -20 and 0 min (SK2); or 5) S following 1.5 mg/kg of BW of K at -20 and 0 min and 3 mg/kg of BW of K at 24 h (SK3). Castration acutely increased plasma cortisol concentrations in S- and K-treated animals compared with C, with no differences in peak and interval to peak cortisol responses among the castration groups. Overall, the integrated cortisol response was greater (P < 0.05) in the castrates than in C, whereas K treatments decreased (P < 0.05) this response compared with S alone, with no differences between K treatments. Plasma haptoglobin and fibrinogen concentrations were increased (P < 0.05) on d 3 in the castration groups compared with C as the result of tissue trauma induced by castration, whereas SK1 and SK2 had lower (P < 0.05) haptoglobin concentrations than S animals. On d 1, concanavalin A-induced interferon-gamma production was suppressed (P < 0.05) in S and SK3 compared with C, SK1, and SK2 animals. Overall from d 1 to 33, DMI were lower (P < 0.05) in S, SK1, and SK3 than in C animals. From d -1 to 35, ADG were lower (P < 0.05) in S, SK2, and SK3 compared with C animals. A higher (P < 0.05) incidence of standing postures and lower incidence of lying postures was observed in S compared with C during the first 6 h after treatment. However, the higher (P = 0.02) incidence of abnormal standing activities observed for S was reversed (P < 0.05) by the K treatments. In conclusion, surgical castration increased plasma cortisol and acute-phase proteins and decreased immune function, feed intake, and growth rate. Ketoprofen effectively reduced the cortisol response to castration, but there was no advantage in treating with two split doses of K (1.5 mg/kg of BW per dose). A repeated K dose 24 h after treatment (3 mg/kg of BW) had no influence on changes in acute-phase proteins and immune response. Systemic analgesia with K is an effective method for alleviating acute inflammatory stress associated with castration.
Laparoscopic adjustable gastric banding in severely obese adolescents: a randomized trial.

CONTEXT Adolescent obesity is a common and serious health problem affecting more than 5 million young people in the United States alone. Bariatric surgery is being evaluated as a possible treatment option. Laparoscopic adjustable gastric banding (gastric banding) has the potential to provide a safe and effective treatment. OBJECTIVE To compare the outcomes of gastric banding with an optimal lifestyle program on adolescent obesity. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PATIENTS A prospective, randomized controlled trial of 50 adolescents between 14 and 18 years with a body mass index (BMI) higher than 35, recruited from the Melbourne, Australia, community, assigned either to a supervised lifestyle intervention or to undergo gastric banding, and followed up for 2 years. The study was performed between May 2005 and September 2008. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Weight loss. Secondary outcomes included change in metabolic syndrome, insulin resistance, quality of life, and adverse outcomes. RESULTS Twenty-four of 25 patients in the gastric banding group and 18 of 25 in lifestyle group completed the study. Twenty-one (84%) in the gastric banding and 3 (12%) in the lifestyle groups lost more than 50% of excess weight, corrected for age. Overall, the mean changes in the gastric banding group were a weight loss of 34.6 kg (95% CI, 30.2-39.0), representing an excess weight loss of 78.8% (95% CI, 66.6%-91.0%), 12.7 BMI units (95% CI, 11.3-14.2), and a BMI z score change from 2.39 (95% CI, 2.05-2.73) to 1.32 (95% CI, 0.98-1.66). The mean losses in the lifestyle group were 3.0 kg (95% CI, 2.1-8.1), representing excess weight loss of 13.2% (95% CI, 2.6%-21.0%), 1.3 BMI units (95% CI, 0.4-2.9), and a BMI z score change from 2.41 (95% CI, 2.21-2.66) to 2.26 (95% CI, 1.91-2.43). At entry, 9 participants (36%) in the gastric banding group and 10 (40%) in the lifestyle group had the metabolic syndrome. At 24 months, none of the gastric banding group had the metabolic syndrome (P = .008; McNemar chi(2)) compared with 4 of the 18 completers (22%) in the lifestyle group (P = .13). The gastric banding group experienced improved quality of life with no perioperative adverse events. However, 8 operations (33%) were required in 7 patients for revisional procedures either for proximal pouch dilatation or tubing injury during follow-up. CONCLUSIONS Among obese adolescent participants, use of gastric banding compared with lifestyle intervention resulted in a greater percentage achieving a loss of 50% of excess weight, corrected for age. There were associated benefits to health and quality of life. TRIAL REGISTRATION ANZCTR Identifier: 12605000160639.
The caulobacters: ubiquitous unusual bacteria.

INTRODUCTION 124 NATURAL DISTRIBUTION . ,. ,,,,,. 126 Detection and Enumeration . 127 Freshwater and soil . ,. ,,. ,. ,. ,,,,,,,,,, 127 Seawater , 128 Attachment and community associations . 128 Enrichment and Isolation , 129 TAXONOMY 129 Relationship of Caulobacter and Asticacaulis to Other Bacterial Groups . 129 Caulobacter and Asticacaulis Species.130 CAULOPHAGES.132 Isolation of Phages Lytic for Caulobacters . 132 Host Ranges on Wild-Type Hosts 133 Cross-Resistance in Phage-Resistant Variants 135 Spontaneous mutants exhibiting phage resistance 135 Phage resistance subsequent to mutagenesis 137 Lysogeny and Transduction 137 Summary 138 CULTIVATION AND NUTRMON . 138 Laboratory Cultivation . 138 Media . 139 Organic icronutrients 140 Mineral nutrients: phosphate . 14 Mineral nutrients: metals . 141 Aeration . 141 Temperature . 142 pH. 142 Utilization of Principal Nutrients . 142 Carbon sources . 142 Influence of nucleotides. 143 Nitrogen sorces . 144 CELL1 STRUCTURE AND COMPOSMON 144 Fine Structure . 144 Composition of the Cell Envelope . 145 Lipopolysaccharide and phospholipids . 145 Proteins . 146 Peptidoglycan 146 Summary . 146 Polar Organelles 148 Flagellum . 148 Prostheca . 149 Holdfast 150 Pili 150 Caulophage receptors . 150 Pleiotropic mutations affecting polar organelles . 152 Deoxyribonucleic Acid and Nucleoid Structure . 153 Quantitative Distribution of Cell Components to Stalked Cell and Swarmer Sibling s . & 154 Membranes 154 Deoxyribonucleic acid . 155 Cell volume . 155 Conclusions Regarding Relationships Between Structure and Composition and Cellular Differentiation.155 EXPERIMENTAL STUDIES OF CELLULAR DIFFERENTIATION . 156 Establishment of Synchronous Populations . 156 Methods . 156 Indicators of synchrony . 157
Detection of propan‐1,2‐diol in neonatal brain by in vivo proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy

Cerebral in vivo proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy of 13 newborn infants displaying seizures and receiving phenobarbitone, in one case supplemented by phenytoin, showed signals from propan‐1,2‐diol (the injection vehicle for both these anticonvulsants). Subsequent in vitro spectroscopy of cerebro spinal fluid (CSF) from one of these infants also showed signals from this substance. The estimated in vivo propan‐1,2‐diol concentration (∼3 mM) was less than that measured in the CSF sample (14.4 mM). These observations suggest that propan‐1,2‐diol may accumulate in cerebral tissue and misidentification of its signals in both in vivo and in vitro proton spectra may confuse diagnoses of metabolic or other disorders.
Sources of Productivity Growth in Wheat: A Review of Recent Performance and Medium- to Long-Term Prospects

Sources of yield growth in wheat are investigated based on a stylized framework of technical change. Evidence suggests that the relative contribution of input intensification to yield growth has diminished in recent years and is likely to continue to decline in the future. One potential source of yield growth in wheat during the medium to long term is improved efficiency of input use, rather than input intensification, through sustainable wheat production practices rather than pure input increases. Other large gains could be made with continuous adoption of newer and better modern varieties based on advances in wheat breeding. Wide crossing and biotechnology could improve the stability of wheat yields in the intermediate term; their long-term impact on yield under optimal conditions is less certain. World wheat demand is likely to grow more slowly over the next 30 years than it did in the past 30 years. At the same time, a wider variety of technological options will need to be tapped over the next three decades to achieve the necessary gains in wheat yields. Research costs per unit of increased wheat production are likely to be somewhat higher. Nonetheless, continued investment in wheat research is necessary to achieve production levels consistent with constant or slowly declining real world wheat prices.
Erotic Overstimulation and The Co-Construction of Sexual Meanings in Transference-Countertransference Experience

This paper attempts to explore the ways in which Western child-rearing practices do not provide an early interpersonal experience in which infantile, sexual, or sensual-erotic experience is held, contained, and given meaning within a safe parent—child dyad. It is the author’s basic premise that this normative developmental process fosters a dissociation of unformulated aspects of early sexual and sensual-erotic experience, leaving much of the experience ensconced in unsymbolized and therefore relatively inchoate image, sensation, and affect. The impact of such a dissociation on the patient—analyst relationship is explored, specifically at times when sexual or erotic material begins to impact upon transference-countertransference processes. An extended clinical example is provided.
Ultrasonographic measurement of the median nerve in patients with rheumatoid arthritis without symptoms or signs of carpal tunnel syndrome

Objectives: Ultrasonography (US) has shown increased cross-sectional area of the median nerve in carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS). Knowledge of the normal distribution of the areas is a prerequisite to evaluate pathology. Presently, the distribution of cross-sectional areas of the median nerve was explored in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Methods: The median nerves of patients with RA having no symptoms or signs of CTS were examined with bilateral US at the entrance of the carpal tunnel. Results: A total of 154 patients with RA were included. The median nerve was divided in 11.7% of the hands. The mean (SD) cross-sectional areas of the undivided median nerves were not significantly different on either sides (8.3 (1.5) mm2 on the right side and 8.3 (1.4) mm2 on the left side). The areas of the examined 308 median nerves ranged from 5.0 to 12.8 mm2, with the 97.5 centile being 11.1 mm2. Areas >10.0 mm2 were found in 10% of the patients. Conclusions: The mean cross-sectional areas of the median nerve in patients with RA were similar to those reported in healthy controls. However, 10% of the patients had values that overlap with areas commonly reported in patients with mild idiopathic CTS.
Dynamic modeling and control for aerial arm-operating of a multi-propeller multifunction aerial robot

Graphical Abstract Abstract We proposed a multi-propeller multifunction aerial robot that is constructed by a quadrotor with two multi-DOF arms to enable aerial robotic operations. This paper addresses the dynamics and control problems for aerial arm-operation. The dynamic modeling considering the coupling between the arms and main-body subsystems is investigated using the Lagrange approach. The dynamics of the system are partitioned into the main-body dynamics, the arm dynamics, and the interaction dynamics. A composite controller consisting of a main-body sub-controller and an arm sub-controller are presented. Each sub-controller is designed based on the partitioned dynamics. The main-body sub-controller is designed using trajectory linearization control technique. This composite controller is appropriate for real-time implementation due to its simplicity. An optimal planning strategy that minimizes the interaction between main-body subsystem and arm subsystem is proposed. Experimental results are presented, verifying the effectiveness of the composite controller.
Six percent hetastarch versus lactated Ringer's solution – for preloading before spinal anesthesia for cesarean section

Background: Regional anesthesia has been the choice of preference for elective cesarean sections. This study was designed to determine whether preoperative administration of 6% hetastarch decreases the incidence of hypotension. Materials and Methods: This study was conducted on 50 nonlaboring American Society of Anesthesiologists class I and II women undergoing elective cesarean section. Patients were randomly divided into two groups and were preloaded either with 1000 ml Ringer's lactate (RL) or 500 ml of 6% hetastarch 30 min prior to the surgery. Spinal anesthesia was performed with patients in the left lateral position and 2 cc (10 mg) of 0.5% of bupivacaine injected into subarachnoid space. Hemodynamic variables (heart rate, noninvasive blood pressure, and SpO2) were recorded from prior to preloading until the recovery from the subarachnoid blockade. Results: Our study showed the incidence of hypotension to be 28% in the hetastarch group and 80% in the RL group. Rescue ephedrine requirements for the treatment of hypotension were significantly less in patients who were preloaded with 6% hetastarch prior to cesarean section. The neonatal outcome, as determined by Apgar scores was good and similar in both groups. Conclusion: Hence, we conclude that 6% hydroxyl ethyl starch is more effective than lactated Ringers solution and that its routine use for preloading prior to spinal anesthesia should be considered.
Central catecholamine neuron systems: anatomy and physiology of the norepinephrine and epinephrine systems.

The intensity of research on the central catecholaminergic neuron systems has continued unabated since last year's review of the dopaminergic systems (Moore & Bloom 1978). Although our original intent was to attempt a review of the structure and function of all these systems within one chapter, the richness of important details deserving of inclusion resulted in a contri­ bution exceeding the pages available. As a result, we have had an additional year in which to acquire even more material pertaining to the central adrenergic and noradrenergic neuron systems. It is the noradrenergic sys­ tems in particular that present the more flagrant violations (Dismukes 1977) of the structural and functional archetypes normally attributed to central neuronal systems. Their widespread efferent trajectories with high degrees of collateral arborization, their marked propensity for the expression of post-lesion regrowth, and their unique combination of functional actions, enriched in some cases by association with adenylate cyclase, all combine
Use of RDA analysis of knockout mice to identify myeloid genes regulated in vivo by PU.1 and C/EBPalpha.

PU.1 and C/EBPalpha are transcription factors essential for normal myeloid development. Loss-of-function mutation of PU.1 leads to an absolute block in monocyte/macrophage development and abnormal granulocytic development while that of C/EBPalpha causes a selective block in neutrophilic differentiation. In order to understand these phenotypes, we studied the role of PU.1 and C/EBPalpha in the regulation of myeloid target genes in vivo . Northern blot analysis revealed that mRNAs encoding receptors for M-CSF, G-CSF and GM-CSF, were expressed at low levels in PU.1(-/-) fetal liver compared with wild type. To identify additional myeloid genes regulated by PU.1 and C/EBPalpha, we performed representational difference analysis (RDA), a PCR-based subtractive hybridization using fetal livers from wild type and PU.1 or C/EBPalpha knockout mice. By introducing a new modification of RDA, that of tissue-specific gene suppression, we could selectively identify a set of differentially expressed genes specific to myeloid cells. Differentially expressed genes included both primary and secondary granule protein genes. In addition, eight novel genes were identified that were upregulated in expression during myeloid differentiation. These methods provide a general strategy for elucidating the genes affected in murine knockout models.
Non‐homologous DNA end joining in the mature rat brain

Recent evidence suggests that DNA double strand breaks (DSBs) are introduced in neurons during the course of normal development, and that repair of such DSBs is essential for neuronal survival. Here we describe a non‐homologous DNA end joining (NHEJ) system in the adult rat brain that may be used to repair DNA DSBs. In the brain NHEJ system, blunt DNA ends are joined with lower efficiency than cohesive or non‐matching protruding ends. Moreover, brain NHEJ is blocked by DNA ligase inhibitors or by dATP and can occur in the presence or absence of exogenously added ATP. Comparison of NHEJ activities in several tissues showed that brain and testis share similar mechanisms for DNA end joining, whereas the activity in thymus seems to utilize different mechanisms than in the nervous system. The developmental profile of brain NHEJ showed increasing levels of activity after birth, peaking at postnatal day 12 and then gradually decreasing along with age. Brain distribution analysis in adult animals showed that NHEJ activity is differentially distributed among different regions. We suggest that the DNA NHEJ system may be utilized in the postnatal brain for the repair of DNA double strand breaks introduced within the genome in the postnatal brain.