Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Apparent total tract digestibility, performance, and methane emissions in pigs maintained under different sanitary conditions and supplemented with antibiotic or Bacillus subtilis

Abstract: Digestibility, performance, and initial methane production were evaluated in growing and finishing pigs. Assay 1 was carried out in experimental facilities. Sixty pigs, 30 barrows and 30 gilts (26.07 ± 0.07 kg), were allotted randomly to treatments arranged in a 3 × 2 factorial design with three diets (control, Bacillus subtilis, and lincomycin) and two genders. In assay 2, 48 pigs (26.06 ± 3.10 kg) were maintained in commercial farm and supplemented with B. subtilis and lincomycin. Performance and initial methane production were measured. In assay 3, 12 barrows (body weight = 26.55 ± 1.25 kg) were housed in metabolism crates and fed control and B. subtilis diet to evaluate nutrient balance and energy. Gilts within experimental facility, fed control diet, had higher ADG (P < 0.05) compared with lincomycin diet, but there was no statistical difference with B. subtilis diet. Numeric variations on the first and second assays suggested some improvement on pig performance and a reduction on initial methane production when pigs were fed B. subtilis diet, compared with lincomycin diet. Protein digestibility increased (P < 0.05) with B. subtilis supplementation in the diet. Dietary supplementation with B. subtilis for growing and finishing pigs may improve performance and decrease N excretion and initial methane production.
Acid contents and the effect of fermentation condition of Kombucha tea beverages on physicochemical, microbiological and sensory properties

ABSTRACT Kombucha is a healthy beverage which is a final result of tea fermentation by adding a starter culture of the acetic acid bacteria and yeasts. The effect of fermentation conditions on physicochemical, microbiological and sensory properties of Kombucha tea beverages was evaluated with emphasis placed on determining sugars and organic acids content, including pro-health glucuronic acid. Fermentation process was conducted for 10 days at 20°C, 25°C and 30°C. The optimal conditions for the fermentation of Kombucha tea beverages were a temperature of 25°C and a period of 10 days which allowed to retrieve a product with good physicochemical, microbiological and sensory quality. The content of glucuronic acid increased during fermentation at all temperatures reaching the highest, on the 10th day of fermentation at 25°C. It was observed that all beverages were a good overall quality, whereas Kombucha fermented at 25°C was assessed as the highest.
An Overview of Modelling Techniques and Control Strategies for Modular Multilevel Matrix Converters

The Modular Multilevel Matrix Converter is a relatively new power converter topology appropriate for high-power Alternating Current (AC) to AC purposes. Several publications in the literature have highlighted the converter capabilities such as modularity, control flexibility, the possibility to include redundancy, and power quality. Nevertheless, the topology and control of this converter are relatively complex to design and implement, considering that the converter has a large number of cells and floating capacitors. Therefore multilayer nested control systems are required to maintain the capacitor voltage of each cell regulated within an acceptable range. There are no other review papers where the modelling, control systems and applications of the Modular Multilevel Matrix Converter are discussed. Hence, this paper aims to facilitate further research by presenting the technology related to the Modular Multilevel Matrix Converter, focusing on a comprehensive revision of the modelling and control strategies.
Genetic and Morphometric Variability in Settlements of Two Mussel Species (Mytilus ex. gr. Edulis), Mytilus trossulus and Mytilus galloprovincialis, in the Northwestern Sea of Japan

ABSTRACT Genetic and morphometric variability in mussels are the important issues that attract the attention of numerous researchers with special emphasis in recent years on hybrid occurrence and genetic introgression. Here, the genetic and multidimensional discriminant function analysis (DFA) that included morphometric traits (MT) were performed on mussels, Mytilus trossulus and Mytilus galloprovincialis, taken from the northwestern Sea of Japan (NWSJ). The analysis, based on eight polymorphic enzyme loci and two nuclear DNA markers, used samples from eight settlements in 2011 and samples from six settlements in 2012 to 2013 for a smaller set of loci but jointly with MT analysis. If the average generation length is taken as three years, the number of immigrants (Nm) per generation was estimated approximately as Nm = 5. Assuming that interspecific gene flow is from the offspring of generations such as F2, F3, and Fb rather than F1, the fraction of interspecific migrants estimated as Fb + F2 etc. are equal to 0.9% ± 0.7%. The data suggest a continuing invasion of M. galloprovincialis into NWSJ. Judging from the occurrence of hybrids of all types, it is clear that rate of genetic introgression between two taxa is at a low level, varying across 14 y in the sampled Vostok Bay area from 0% in 2012 to 2013 (this study) to 8.95% ± 1.68% back in 1999. The data support the concept of a bimodal hybrid zone, with the contact zone showing a limited degree of hybridization of two species. Analysis by DFA, using GLU-5 genotypes as a diagnostic grouping variable, allows the determination of the extent to which indigenous phenotypes and hybrids differ; M. trossulus and F1 offsprings in the 2012 to 2013 data were detected correctly with a high accuracy, near 94%. Despite that, DFA showed generally weak differentiation of settlements even with the use of a combined set of traits and indices.
Hydraulic Fracturing‐Induced Seismicity

Hydraulic fracturing (HF) is a technique that is used for extracting petroleum resources from impermeable host rocks. In this process, fluid injected under high pressure causes fractures to propagate. This technique has been transformative for the hydrocarbon industry, unlocking otherwise stranded resources; however, environmental concerns make HF controversial. One concern is HF‐induced seismicity, since fluids driven under high pressure also have the potential to reactivate faults. Controversy has inevitably followed these HF‐induced earthquakes, with economic and human losses from ground shaking at one extreme and moratoriums on resource development at the other. Here, we review the state of knowledge of this category of induced seismicity. We first cover essential background information on HF along with an overview of published induced earthquake cases to date. Expanding on this, we synthesize the common themes and interpret the origin of these commonalities, which include recurrent earthquake swarms, proximity to well bore, rapid response to stimulation, and a paucity of reported cases. Next, we discuss the unanswered questions that naturally arise from these commonalities, leading to potential research themes: consistent recognition of cases, proposed triggering mechanisms, geologically susceptible conditions, identification of operational controls, effective mitigation efforts, and science‐informed regulatory management. HF‐induced seismicity provides a unique opportunity to better understand and manage earthquake rupture processes; overall, understanding HF‐induced earthquakes is important in order to avoid extreme reactions in either direction.
Genetic and morphological diversity of the cosmopolitan chaetognath Pseudosagitta maxima (Conant, 1896) in the Atlantic Ocean and its relationship with the congeneric species

Original Article Genetic and morphological diversity of the cosmopolitan chaetognath Pseudosagitta maxima (Conant, 1896) in the Atlantic Ocean and its relationship with the congeneric species Dmitry N. Kulagin* and Tatiana V. Neretina P.P. Shirshov Institute of Oceanology, Russian Academy of Science, Moscow 117997, Russia N.A. Pertsov White Sea Biological Station, Biological faculty, M.V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow 119234, Russia Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow 117997, Russia *Corresponding author: tel: þ7 4991247749; fax: +7 4991245983; e-mail: kulagin.dima@gmail.com
Improved Short-Term Microbial Degradation in Circulating Water Reducing High Stagnant Atrazine Concentrations in Subsurface Sediments

The triazine herbicide atrazine easily leaches with water through soil layers into groundwater, where it is persistent. Its behavior during short-term transport is poorly understood, and there is no in situ remediation method for it. The aim of this study was to investigate whether water circulation, or circulation combined with bioaugmentation (Pseudomonas sp. ADP, or four isolates from atrazine-contaminated sediments) alone or with biostimulation (Na-citrate), could enhance atrazine dissipation in subsurface sediment–water systems. Atrazine concentrations (100 mg L−1) in the liquid phase of sediment slurries and in the circulating water of sediment columns were followed for 10 days. Atrazine was rapidly degraded to 53–64 mg L−1 in the slurries, and further to 10–18 mg L−1 in the circulating water, by the inherent microbes of sediments collected from 13.6 m in an atrazine-contaminated aquifer. Bioaugmentation without or with biostimulation had minor effects on atrazine degradation. The microbial number simultaneously increased in the slurries from 1.0 × 103 to 0.8–1.0 × 108 cfu mL−1, and in the circulating water from 0.1–1.0 × 102 to 0.24–8.8 × 104 cfu mL−1. In sediments without added atrazine, the cultivable microbial numbers remained low at 0.82–8.0 × 104 cfu mL−1 in the slurries, and at 0.1–2.8 × 103 cfu mL−1 in the circulating water. The cultivated microorganisms belonged to the nine genera Acinetobacter, Burkholderia, Methylobacterium, Pseudomonas, Rhodococcus, Sphingomonas, Streptomyces, Variovorax and Williamsia; i.e., biodiversity was low. Water flow through the sediments released adsorbed and complex-bound atrazine for microbial degradation, though the residual concentration of 10–64 mg L−1 was high and could contaminate large groundwater volumes from a point source, e.g., during heavy rain or flooding.
Perinatal outcomes associated with antiretroviral therapy: systematic review and network meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials.

OBJECTIVE Assess adverse perinatal outcomes associated with antenatal antiretroviral therapy (ART) regimens. DESIGN Systematic review and network meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials (RCTS). METHODS We conducted a systematic literature review by searching PubMed, CINAHL, Global Health, EMBASE, and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials and four clinical trial databases from January 1, 1980 to April 28, 2018. We included RCTs of antenatal ART regimens in HIV-positive pregnant women, which assessed preterm birth (PTB), spontaneous preterm birth (sPTB), very preterm birth (VPTB), low birthweight (LBW), very low birthweight (VLBW), small-for-gestational-age (SGA), neonatal death (NND), and mother-to-child-transmission. We used random-effects network meta-analysis models to calculate relative risks for treatment comparisons and the hierarchy of treatments. RESULTS Of 83260 citations identified, ten manuscripts were included, assessing 6285 women. Compared to zidovudine (AZT) monotherapy, we found a higher risk of LBW after exposure to zidovudine/lamivudine/efavirenz (AZT/3TC/EFV; relative risk 1.61; 95%CI 1.03-2.51), tenofovir disoproxil fumarate/emtricitabine/ritonavir-boosted lopinavir (TDF/FTC/LPV/r; 1.64; 1.18-2.29), or zidovudine/lamivudine/ritonavir-boosted lopinavir (AZT/3TC/LPV/r; 1.87; 1.58-2.20). TDF/FTC/LPV/r carried an increased risk of VLBW, compared to AZT monotherapy (5.40; 1.08-27.08). AZT/3TC/LPV/r posed a higher risk of PTB than AZT monotherapy (1.43; 1.08-1.91) and a higher risk of sPTB than zidovudine/lamivudine/abacavir (AZT/3TC/ABC)(1.81; 1.21-2.71). LPV/r-containing regimens also carried the highest risks of VPTB, SGA and NND, although the limited data showed no significant differences. CONCLUSION Of the ART regimens assessed in RCTs in pregnancy, LPV/r-containing regimens were associated with the highest risks of adverse perinatal outcomes.
Strategic Upgrade of the Master’s Programme “Mediation in Education” in Digital Transformation Context

The “conflict-generating capacity” of the modern world causes the need for trained mediators specializing in the productive negotiation technology and conflict management in both real and virtual domains of social relations. As a rule, currently existing mediator training programmes do not consider the intercultural contexts of the conflicts, despite their importance in the volatility and uncertainty of the digital medium. The proposed upgrade of the Master’s programme for future mediators relies upon the polyparadigmatic methodology encompassing the system and constructive, culturological, and situation approaches. Connected to the digital transformation of the society, the employment of the new model of mediators’ training in the Master’s programme of Siberian Federal University is based on the development of a networking partnership between the professional mediators’ associations and the universities of Kazakhstan and Siberia. The article elaborates on the mechanisms of providing electronic support of the Master’s programme intended to expand the teaching efficiency of e-learning in the Master’s training at the Federal University. It also presents the organizational and pedagogical conditions together with the methods of training future mediators by means of the electronic media of the university, social media and open education platforms. It provides the empirical data confirming the efficiency of the Master’s programme electronic support system developed and implemented by the authors. The article also presents the results of a psychological and pedagogical experiment in the assessment of personal qualities and professional competences of the future mediators and the results of the Master’s programme review by practicing mediators and the academic community with regard to the Target Competence Model 2025. With the results of the tests and implementation of the new practice-oriented Master’s programme of SibFU, it is now possible to develop a new culture of social interaction within a digital environment based on cooperation, mutual understanding and dialogue, constructive behaviour in a conflict
Effect of Cuticular Lipids From Silks of Selected Corn Genotypes on the Development of Corn Earworm Larvae

Eleven genotypes of corn, Zea mays L. , known to vary in their resistance to silk-feeding by larvae of the corn earworm, Helicoverpa zea (Boddie), were used to study the effect of corn silk cuticular lipids on larval growth and development. Growth of the corn earworm was significantly enhanced when larvae were reared on meridic diet containing corn silks from which the cuticular lipids had been removed. Growth of larvae reared on a diet containing unextracted silks from genotypes ‘Stowell's’ ‘Evergreen’, ‘Pioneer 3369A’, and ‘PI340856’ was not affected. When the cuticular lipid extracts of corn silks were added to a meridic diet, no significant differences were found in the weight of 8-day larvae, time to pupation, or days to adult emergence for larvae reared on silks of several corn genotypes. However, the weight of pupae was significantly less when larvae were fed a diet containing cuticular lipids extracted from silks of three corn genotypes ‘Stowell's Evergreen’, ‘GE37’, and ‘Zapalote Chico 2451#(P)C3’.
Essential factors that affect bioelectricity generation by Rhodopseudomonas palustris strain PS3 in paddy soil microbial fuel cells

A plant‐associated phototrophic bacterium, R. palustris strain PS3, was inoculated into a soil‐based MFC to generate electricity. We evaluated the performance of this soil‐based microbial fuel cell (MFC) and elucidated the essential factors that contributed to power generation. PS3 showed the potential to enhance power generation, especially when the apparatus was operated in a sealed chamber with illumination. We deduced that the improved power performance was due to the enhanced electron transport through the living electrode that was grown as a PS3 biofilm via photoheterotrophic metabolism. In addition, we suggested that the interplay between phototrophic fixation of ambient CO2 and anaerobic oxidation of ferrous iron in soil was also involved in the increased power output. We implemented CMOS (complementary metal‐oxide‐semiconductor) technology with the soil‐based MFC to harvest energy in a more efficient and stable manner. The above system is expected to provide a potentially low‐cost and low‐energy system with a high power conversion efficiency for practical applications in the future.
Perceptions of T-glottalling among adolescents in South East England

Sociolinguistic research has established that glottal realisations of the voiceless alveolar stop /t/ have become increasingly common in accents of British English. The phenomenon, known as T-glottalling, encompasses the production of word-final and word-medial /t/ using glottal articulations, including creaky voice, pre-glottalisation [ʔt] and glottal replacement [ʔ] (Straw & Patrick, 2007), so that words such as but [bʌt] and butter [bʌtə] may become [bʌʔ] and [bʌʔə] respectively. The change has been documented for some time in Scotland (Macafee, 1997) and Norfolk (Trudgill, 1999) but has since been reported in numerous locations across the UK (see Smith & Holmes–Elliott, 2018 for a recent review). Studies of regional dialect levelling (Kerswill, 2003) have argued that T-glottalling has spread from working-class London speech into neighbouring varieties of South East England and beyond as a form of geographical diffusion (Altendorf & Watt, 2004). Together with other variables showing similar sociolinguistic patterns, such as TH-fronting and L vocalisation, it has been identified as part of a set of ‘youth norms’ used by young people in many urban centres to index a trendy, youthful identity (Williams & Kerswill, 1999; Milroy, 2007; though see Watson, 2006 for an exception in Liverpool), which have elsewhere been referred to as ‘Estuary English’ (Rosewarne, 1984; Altendorf, 2017). In terms of perception, T-glottalling is described as highly salient and stigmatised, frequently attracting comments from lay speakers to the effect that it should be avoided (Wells, 1982; Bennett, 2012), to the extent that mainstream journalistic publications can identify and criticise its use by ‘educated’ speakers such as politicians (e.g. Littlejohn, 2011).
Applying the Learner-Centered Micro Teaching Model for Improving Teaching Confidence, Attitudes Toward Teaching Profession, and Pedagogical Content Knowledge (PCK) of Physics Education Students

The research on the use of the LCMT model aims to find out the increase in teaching confidence, attitudes toward the teaching profession, and pedagogical content knowledge (PCK) competencies of students. The sampling technique uses purposive sampling and the number of individuals is 31 people consisting of 22 women and 9 men. Data obtained through questionnaires and assessment rubrics and tests. Questionnaires are used to measure teaching confidence and attitudes toward teaching profession. Assessment rubrics and tests are used to measure PCK. Data were analyzed for normalized gain and paired t-test (paired sample test). The results showed a significant increase in teaching confidence with gain = 0.535 and t = 12.336 with sig. (2-tailed) = 0,000 (p <0.05), attitudes toward the teaching profession with gain = 0.565 and t = 8.3354 with sig (2-tailed) = 0,000 (p <0.05), and PCK with gain = 0.580 and t = 16.073 with sig (2-tailed) = 0,000 (p <0.05).
Frog Gonad as bio-indicator of Sarno RiverHealth

The Sarno River is affected by an extreme environmental degradation as a result of uncontrolled agricultural activities and the outflow of industrial waste. Changes in the abundance indexes and biodiversity of frogs can be used as a measuring tool to determine water quality of the Sarno River. The aim of this study is to demonstrate the potential in using frog tissue as environmental indicators and to monitor changes in water quality of local streams in the development area of Sarno River. Thus, many samples are collected from sediment, water and frogs for metals analysis. To identify any differentiations of bioaccumulation of metals we have been analyzed skin and gonad of the more representative frog specie along the Sarno river, the barcoded Pelophylax bergeri. Results show that the degree of pollution in the Sarno river varies by zone, as well as by metal to metal, with contents that often are very elevated in frogs and higher in water than sediment. The concentrations of heavy metals, especially Arsenic (As) Chromium (Cr) and Zinc (Zn) were found higher in testis than skin of the collected frogs. Therefore, our results sustain the important role of frog gonads as a good bio-indicator of pollution. Frogs, Pelophylax bergeri, and water of Sarno River are very contaminated by arsenic and need to be urgently remediated.
The past, the present, and the foreseeable future of Russian manufacturing subsidiaries of Western multinational corporations

This article retraces the development of Russian manufacturing subsidiaries of Western multinational corporations from the late 1980s until 2019. Using secondary sources and a unique handcrafted database on significant extensions of manufacturing facilities of Western multinational corporations in Russia during 2012–2018, we present the position of Russian manufacturing subsidiaries of Western multinational corporations before and after the beginning of sanctions. We also indicate the major strategic challenges that they currently face, including the necessity to maintain dual loyalty (to home country and host country authorities), manage the deteriorating quality of business regulations in Russia, and overcome the increasing shortage of qualified personnel at all levels. The data on the opening of new facilities in 2017–2018 reveal that such issues impede but cannot stop the quantitative development of foreign-owned Russian manufacturing facilities. At the same time, saving on managerial expenses and low “investments in non-current assets” of the established manufacturing subsidiaries may break down “the innovation engine” assembled in many Russian manufacturing subsidiaries of Western multinational corporations and bring them into the periphery of their corporate parents, where the attention and resources from the corporate center are lacking.
Learning to Rank Sports Teams on a Graph

To improve the prediction ability of ranking models in sports, a generalized PageRank model is introduced. In the model, a game graph is constructed from the perspective of Bayesian correction with game results. In the graph, nodes represent teams, and a link function is used to synthesize the information of each game to calculate the weight on the graph’s edge. The parameters of the model are estimated by minimizing the loss function, which measures the gap between the predicted rank obtained by the model and the actual rank. The application to the National Basketball Association (NBA) data shows that the proposed model can achieve better prediction performance than the existing ranking models.
Applications of a differential operator to a class of harmonic mappings defined by Mittag-leffer functions

Utilizing the concepts of Harmonic analysis and Mittag-Leffler functions we introduce a new subclass of harmonic mappings involving differential operator in domain of Janowski functions. Moreover, we investigate analytic criteria, necessary and sufficient conditions, topological properties, extreme points, radii problems and some applications of this work for the class of functions defined by this operator.