Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Gyrification and neural connectivity in schizophrenia

Abstract There is emerging evidence for a connection between the surface morphology of the brain and its underlying connectivity. The foundation for this relationship is thought to be established during brain development through the shaping influences of tension exerted by viscoelastic nerve fibers. The tension-based morphogenesis results in compact wiring that enhances efficient neural processing. Individuals with schizophrenia present with multiple symptoms that can include impaired thought, action, perception, and cognition. The global nature of these symptoms has led researchers to explore a more global disruption of neuronal connectivity as a theory to explain the vast array of clinical and cognitive symptoms in schizophrenia. If cerebral function and form are linked through the organization of neural connectivity, then a disruption in neural connectivity may also alter the surface morphology of the brain. This paper reviews developmental theories of gyrification and the potential interaction between gyrification and neuronal connectivity. Studies of gyrification abnormalities in children, adolescents, and adults with schizophrenia demonstrate a relationship between disrupted function and altered morphology in the surface patterns of the cerebral cortex. This altered form may provide helpful clues in understanding the neurobiological abnormalities associated with schizophrenia.
Can Commodity Futures be Profitably Traded with Quantitative Market Timing Strategies?

Quantitative market timing strategies are not consistently profitable when applied to 15 major commodity futures series. We conduct the most comprehensive study of quantitative trading rules in this market setting to date. We consider over 7,000 rules, apply them to 15 major commodity futures contracts, employ two alternative bootstrapping methodologies, account for data snooping bias, and consider different time periods. While we cannot rule out the possibility that technical trading rules compliment some other trading strategy, we do conclusively show that they are not profitable when used in isolation, despite their wide following.
Matrix protein synthesis by glomerular mesangial cells in culture: Effects of transforming growth factor β (TGFβ) and platelet‐derived growth factor (PDGF) on fibronectin and collagen type IV mRNA

The pathogenesis of glomerular scarring is multifactional; recent evidence suggests that transforming growth factor β (TGFβ), a pleiotropic cicatricial mediator, may promote mesangial sclerosis by enhancing the production of extracellular matrix proteins. We studied the effect of TGFβ1 and TFGβ2 on collagen type IV and fibronectin (FN) synthesis in human glomerular mesangial cells in culture (GMC). Two hours after addition of TGFβ, an up to twofold increase in abundance of collagen type IV mRNA was found, which further increased up to fivefold within 24 h. Addition of cycloheximide did not inhibit the TGFβ effect, but caused by itself an up to twofold increase in the abundance of collagen type IV mRNA after 2 h. Together with collagen mRNA, the mRNA for FN and for platelet‐derived growth factor (PDGF) was also enhanced. PDGF was found to enhance abundance of the collagen type IV and fibronectin mRNA in GMC. A neutralizing antibody to PDGF or a PDGF‐antisense oligonucleotide partly inhibited the TGFβ‐induced increase of collagen type IV mRNA, suggesting that TGFβ can affect the collagen type IV synthesis not only directly but also indirectly via the synthesis of PDGF. © 1995 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Charged pore-lining residues are required for normal channel kinetics in the eukaryotic mechanosensitive ion channel MSL1

Mechanosensitive (MS) ion channels are widespread mechanisms for cellular mechanosensation that can be directly activated by membrane tension. The well-studied MscS family of MS ion channels is found in bacteria, archaea, and plants. MscS-Like (MSL)1 is localized to the inner mitochondrial membrane of Arabidopsis thaliana, where it is required for normal mitochondrial responses to oxidative stress. Like Escherichia coli MscS, MSL1 has a pore-lining helix that is kinked. However, in MSL1 this kink is comprised of two charged pore-lining residues, R326 and D327. Using single channel patch-clamp electrophysiology in E. coli, we show that altering the size and charge of R326 and D327 leads to dramatic changes in open state dwell time. Modest changes in gating pressure and open state stability were also observed while no effects on channel rectification or conductance were detected. MSL1 channel variants had differing physiological function in E. coli hypoosmotic shock assays, without clear correlation between function and particular channel characteristics. Taken together, these results demonstrate that altering pore-lining residue charge and size disrupts normal channel state stability and gating transitions, and led us to propose the “sweet spot” model. In this model, the transition to the closed state is facilitated by attraction between R326 and D327 and repulsion between R326 residues of neighboring monomers. In the open state, expansion of the channel reduces inter-monomeric repulsion, rendering open state stability influenced mainly by attractive forces. This work provides insight into how unique charge-charge interactions can be combined with an otherwise conserved structural feature to help modulate MS channel function.
Effect of Nutrition Education on Factors Influencing Food Choices in Relation to Prevention of Stomach Cancer among Undergraduates in South-West, Nigeria

Abstract Nutrition education intervention on factors influencing food choices was examined, aimed at preventing stomach cancer. Participants comprised of 398 undergraduates from 2 universities randomly classified into control and experimental groups. Intervention comprised of 8 weeks’ lecture on making healthy food choices (one hour weekly). Data was collected using self-developed and self-administered questionnaires before and after the intervention. Nutrition education significantly affected the perception of factors influencing food choices in the participants (p < 0.05). The experimental group recorded a higher mean score of 40.23, p=0.00 and the control group’s mean score was 37.58, p=0.42. Socio-economic and media factors significantly influenced the participants’ food choices (p< 0.05). The experimental group recorded higher mean scores in all variables tested; implying a better understanding of the factors of food choices in relation to stomach cancer. Nutrition education is efficacious in modifying food choices which may protect against stomach cancer.
Social Skills of Persons with Self-Defeating Personality

55 undergraduate men and 55 women took Schill's 1990 Self-defeating Personality Scale and Lorr, Youniss, and Stefic's (1991) multidimensional Social Relations Survey. As expected, persons who endorsed more self-defeating characteristics scored lower on scales which make up the Social Skills or Assertiveness Factor. However, these scores did not have significant correlations with the Empathy or Social Approval Need Scales; two of the three scales which make up the Empathy Factor. The results were discussed in terms of prior work relating deficits in social skills to dysfunctional early parenting
A Content Based Image Retrieval Using Soft Computing Technique

The CBIR tends to index and retrieve images based on their visual content. CBIR avoids many problems associated with traditional ways of retrieving images by keywords. Thus, a growing interest in the area of CBIR has been established in recent years. The performance of a CBIR system mainly depends on the particular image representation and similarity matching function employed. The CBIR tends to index and retrieve images based on their visual content. CBIR avoids many problems associated with traditional ways of retrieving images by keywords. Thus, a growing interest in the area of CBIR has been established in recent years. The performance of a CBIR system mainly depends on the particular image representation and similarity matching function employed. So a new CBIR system is proposed which will provide accurate results as compared to previous developed systems. Soft technique will be used in this system. Based Image Retrieval system which evaluates the similarity of each image in its data store to a query image in terms of various visual features and return the image with desired range of similarity. To develop and implement an efficient feature extraction NN to extract features according to data set using Auto calculate the feature weight by neural network. The precision and recall graph in gui according to the retrieved contents of the images from the datasets. To Apply back propagation or feed forward algorithm for neural network classification. To calculate cross correlation and apply regression model for feature matching.
Racial differences in cardiac structure and function in essential hypertension

Abstract Objective: To assess racial differences in cardiac structure and function in patients presenting with previously untreated hypertension. Design - Untreated black patients with hypertension were compared with untreated white patients matched for age and sex. Both groups had similar body mass indices, blood pressures, and reported duration of hypertension. Setting: Cardiovascular risk factor clinic for outpatients. Subjects: 36 men and 22 women with untreated essential hypertension. Main outcome measures: Variables of heart structure and function on cross sectional and Doppler echocardiography. Results: The black patients had a significantly greater interventricular septal thickness (mean 1.23 (95% confidence interval 1.14 to 1.33) v 1.09 (1.02 to 1.16) cm; P=0.02) and posterior wall thickness (mean 1.14 (1.07 to 1.22) v 0.96 (0.88 to 1.03) cm; P=0.001) than the white patients although left ventricular internal diameter was not significantly different (mean 4.90 (4.68 to 5.12) v 4.82 (4.64 to 5.01) cm; P=0.59). This resulted in a significantly greater left ventricular mass index (mean 151 (137 to 164) v 120 (107 to 133) g/m2; P=0.001) and relative wall thickness (mean 0.47 (0.43 to 0.51) v 0.40 (0.37 to 0.42) cm; P=0.004) in the black patients. Comparison of Doppler measures of left ventricular diastolic function showed a significantly longer isovolumic relaxation time in black patients (mean 107 (98 to 116) v 92 (83 to 101) ms; P=0.02) compared with white patients, although peak early to atrial filling ratios were similar in both groups (mean 1.14 (0.95 to 1.32) v 1.04 (0.94 to 1.15); P=0.37). Conclusion: Among previously untreated hypertensive patients, black subjects compared with white subjects have significantly higher left ventricular mass index and relative wall thickness, as well as more impairment of left ventricular function during diastole.
Textures of cholesteric droplets controlled by photo-switching chirality at the molecular level

We demonstrate the ultra-sensitive detection of molecular chirality experimentally, by investigating structural transitions in sessile droplets of cholesteric liquid crystals. By doping the liquid crystal with chiral molecular photo-switches, we demonstrate that both optical and structural transitions can be triggered by light, reversibly. Moreover, we show that depending on the initial confinement state of the cholesteric helix, the expression of chirality can be photo-switched on and off by means of an interplay between microscopic and geometric constraints.
Ventilation rates and health: multidisciplinary review of the scientific literature.

UNLABELLED The scientific literature through 2005 on the effects of ventilation rates on health in indoor environments has been reviewed by a multidisciplinary group. The group judged 27 papers published in peer-reviewed scientific journals as providing sufficient information on both ventilation rates and health effects to inform the relationship. Consistency was found across multiple investigations and different epidemiologic designs for different populations. Multiple health endpoints show similar relationships with ventilation rate. There is biological plausibility for an association of health outcomes with ventilation rates, although the literature does not provide clear evidence on particular agent(s) for the effects. Higher ventilation rates in offices, up to about 25 l/s per person, are associated with reduced prevalence of sick building syndrome (SBS) symptoms. The limited available data suggest that inflammation, respiratory infections, asthma symptoms and short-term sick leave increase with lower ventilation rates. Home ventilation rates above 0.5 air changes per hour (h(-1)) have been associated with a reduced risk of allergic manifestations among children in a Nordic climate. The need remains for more studies of the relationship between ventilation rates and health, especially in diverse climates, in locations with polluted outdoor air and in buildings other than offices. PRACTICAL IMPLICATIONS Ventilation with outdoor air plays an important role influencing human exposures to indoor pollutants. This review and assessment indicates that increasing ventilation rates above currently adopted standards and guidelines should result in reduced prevalence of negative health outcomes. Building operators and designers should avoid low ventilation rates unless alternative effective measures, such as source control or air cleaning, are employed to limit indoor pollutant levels.
CLINICAL OBSERVATIONS ON THE USE OF PHOSPHOLINE IODIDE IN GLAUCOMA*

THE present study is an account of our experience of cases treated by Echothiophate iodide (gutt. phospholine iodide, P.I.), as well as some observations on the patients. The nature, properties, and action of this drug have been discussed in recent papers by Lloyd (1963), Holmberg (1962)
A modular distributed generation system with peak power point tracking

A modular based research platform that is suitable for combined operation of distributed generation sources is presented. The modular concept is adopted with a view to allow for easy integration of various renewable sources such as PV cells, bio-gas etc. A hybrid supercapacitor-battery storage and a converter, which facilitates bi-directional energy flow, are used to improve the versatility of the system. The proposed concept is demonstrated with peak power point tracking of a novel smart-blade wind turbine system. A prototype system is implemented with Simulink and dSPACE, and results are presented in relation to a peak power point tracking algorithm. A user interface, which is implemented in Controldesk and allows for real time metering and performance analysis, is also presented.
Swing Set: Musical Controllers with Inherent Physical Dynamics

The Swing Set is a simple idea: a set of pendulums which control musical parameters. The dynamics of the pendulums, with their inherent rhythms and a tendency to conserve energy efficiently, allow musician to play them in several modes; the player can respect the dynamics, or alter them according to his will. When controlled with a computer, this allows for a surprisingly playable musical instrument.
Analiza zjawiska kontaktu dzieci i młodzieży z pornografią w świetle teorii oraz dotychczasowych wyników badań

Treści pornograficzne, czyli takie, ktore mają jawnie seksualny charakter i ktorych nadrzednym celem jest wywolanie przynajmniej u cześci odbiorcow podniecenia seksualnego, w zalozeniu są kierowane do grona osob doroslych. Jak jednak wskazują wyniki licznych polskich i światowych badan prowadzanych wśrod najmlodszych, znaczna cześc dzieci i mlodziezy juz na dośc wczesnym etapie rozwoju styka sie z tego rodzaju materialami. Jedną z przyczyn takiego stanu rzeczy jest latwy dostep do pornografii w internecie. Opisany fenomen rodzi pytania o konsekwencje i wplyw takich doświadczen na rozwoj psychoseksualny mlodego czlowieka. Rzetelna analiza prezentowanego problemu wydaje sie jednym z kluczowych elementow w projektowaniu szeroko rozumianych dzialan profilaktycznych i edukacyjnych skierowanych do dzieci i mlodziezy.
Maximal motor unit discharge rates of the medial and lateral gastrocnemeii of young males

i TABLE OF CONTENTS v LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS vii LIST OF TABLES viii LIST OF FIGURES ix LIST OF APPENDICES x CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION 1 1.1 TRICEPS SURAE 1 1.1.1 General 1 1.1.2 Muscle Architecture and Length 2 1.1.3 Muscle Volume 4 1.1. 4 Strength and Twitch Contractile Properties 5 1.2 MOTOR UNIT 9 1.2.1 History and Definition 9 1.2.2 Maximal discharge rates 10 1.2.3 Triceps Surae and Length-Dependent Motor Unit Properties 12 1.3 PURPOSE & HYPOTHESIS 14 CHAPTER 2: METHODS 16 2.1 PARTICIPANTS 16 2.2 EXPERIMENTAL SETUP 16 2.3 RECORDING 17 2.3.1 Surface EMG 17 2.3.2 Intramuscular EMG 18 2.4 PROTOCOL 19 2.5 ANALYSIS 20 2.6 STATISTICS 23 CHAPTER 3: RESULTS 24 3.1 SURFACE ELECTROMYOGRAPHY 24 3.2 MVC TORQUE & TWITCH CONTRACTILE PROPERTIES 24 3.3 MOTOR UNIT DATA 24 3.3.1 Motor Unit Trains 24
Epilepsia Partialis Continua Due to Cortical Dysplasia

We describe a child with progressive neurologic deterioration and epilepsia partialis continua of the right extremities. Magnetic resonance imaging suggested cortical dysplasia of the left frontal region including the central sensorimotor cortex. Subdural grid recordings showed widespread ictal activity and frequent interictal discharges from the motor cortex. A tailored resection was performed, and histologic analysis confirmed cortical dysplasia. This case demonstrates that cortical dysplasia may be the underlying cause in some cases of childhood epilepsia partialis continua of the progressive type. (J Child Neurol 1993;8:386-388).
Voice conversion application (VOCAL)

Recently, a lot of works has been done in speech technology. Text-to-Speech and Automatic Speech Recognition have been the priorities in research efforts to improve the human-machine interaction. The ways to improve naturalness in human-machine interaction is becoming an inportant matter of concern. Voice conversion can be served as a useful tools to provide new insights related to personification of speech enabled systems. In this research, there are two main parameters are considered vocal tract structure and pitch. For conversion process speech is resolved in two components, excitation component and filtered component using Linear Predictive Coding (LPC). Ptich is determined by autocorrelation. After obtained the acoustic components from source speaker and target speaker, then the acoustic components will be mapped one-to-one to replaced the the acoustic feature from source speaker to target speaker. At least, signal is modified by resynthesis so the resulted speech would perceive as if spoken by target speaker.
Page Cube: a model for storage and retrieval of documents relevant to a document production workflow in an office

A model for storage and retrieval of relevant documents during a document production workflow in an office is presented. The objective of the workflow is to review a document by multiple reviewers, where each reviewer contributes her own comments during review based on other documents containing standing rules, precedents etc, which is termed, the context. Storage of such documents is modeled as a Page Cube and query languages analogous to relational languages have been proposed for easy and efficient retrieval.
Desenvolvimento de Ferramenta Integrada para Optimizaςão de Problemas da Engenharia de Reservatório Considerando Modelos Substitutos

No campo de aplicacoes da engenharia de reservatorio de petroleo, um dos problemas encontrados e o da otimizacao dinâmica das vazoes de producao e injecao de campos de petroleo, onde o Valor Presente Liquido (VPL) e maximizado e as variaveis de projeto sao as vazoes de agua dos pocos injetores e as vazoes dos pocos produtores. Outro problema e o de ajuste de historico em simulacao de reservatorios, que e um problema inverso, cujo objetivo e estimar as propriedades do reservatorio atraves do ajuste de dados existentes a fim de prever seu desempenho futuro, nesse caso, a funcao objetivo e uma medida do erro entre as respostas calculadas e observadas no campo e as variaveis de projeto sao as interacoes das propriedades da rocha e do fluido no reservatorio. Como, em ambos os casos, a simulacao numerica tem alto custo computacional, esta nao pode ser acoplada diretamente no algoritmo de otimizacao, visto que as inumeras avaliacoes de funcoes comumente requeridas em tais procedimentos levariam o processo como um todo inviavel do ponto de vista de custo computacional. Para superar esse problema, modelos substitutos precisos com baixos custos computacionais devem ser utilizados. Sendo assim, as ferramentas de otimizacao irao operar diretamente no modelo substituto. Modelos de krigagem baseados em ajustes de dados serao construidos, com base em resultados de simulacoes para um numero limitado de modelos gerados por tecnicas de amostragem (DOE). O algoritmo de otimizacao escolhido e a programacao quadratica sequencial (SQP), que sera incorporada em um processo interativo, chamado de otimizacao sequencial aproximada (Sequential Approximate Optimization, SAO) (Silva, 2009). Um metodo de atualizacao da regiao de confianca e usado para obter o espaco das variaveis de projeto a cada iteracao da otimizacao local. O simulador numerico de reservatorios para construir modelos substitutos para as respostas do VPL e do ajuste de dados e o software comercial IMEX (IMplicit-EXplicit Black Oil Simulator) da CMG (Computer Modelling Group). A linguagem computacional usada para desenvolver a ferramenta que integra todo o processo e o MATLAB (MATrix LABoratory). Exemplos serao analisados e comparados com aqueles reportados na literatura.
Comparative Protein Structure Modeling in Genomics

The function of a protein is generally determined by its three-dimensional (3D) structure. Thus, it would be useful to know the 3D structures of the thousands of protein sequences that are emerging from the many genome projects. This is the aim ofstructural genomics. The aim will be achieved by a focused, large-scale determination of protein structures by X-ray crystallography and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, combined efficiently with accurate protein structure modeling techniques. In particular, comparative or homology-based protein structure modeling is expected to play a major role in this effort. Comparative modeling calculates a 3D model of a given protein sequence from the previously determined structures of related proteins. It involves fold assignment, sequence? structure alignment, model building, and model evaluation. To enable large-scale modeling, these steps are being assembled into a completely automated pipeline. The methods involved in the pipeline and their performance are reviewed. The errors in the resulting models are described and their uses in biology are discussed.