Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
L'hyperthermie d'effort aux Antilles : présentation clinique et facteurs pronostiques

Introduction : L’hyperthermie d’effort (HE) represente une urgence medicale qui engage le pronostic vital et represente l’une des principales causes de deces des jeunes athletes. Son incidence est rare et mal connue, mais sa mortalite augmente. L’objectif de cette etude etait de decrire la population de patients admis pour HE en Martinique et en Guadeloupe, et d’en determiner les facteurs pronostiques. Methodes : Etude retrospective et prospective, incluant tous les patients admis pour HE dans les deux services d’accueil des urgences et de reanimation de la Martinique et de la Guadeloupe de janvier 2006 a juin 2017. Les resultats sont exprimes en moyenne +/-SD ou %. Resultats : Durant 10 ans, 55 patients ont ete inclus (âge : 79 ± 18, 44 hommes et 11 femmes), dont les principaux antecedents etaient : hypertension arterielle (2 patients), alcoolisme chronique (2 patients), psychose (2 patients) et HE (1 patient). Dix parmi ces patients (18%) presentaient des convulsions a la decouverte. Le delai de prise en charge pre-hospitalier etait <30 min. Neanmoins, 20 patients (36%) etaient admis en reanimation en raison d’une defaillance d’organe, neurologique (74%), hemodynamique (2%) et/ou hepatique (4%). L’evolution etait favorable, avec 4 deces, dont 3 hepatites fulminantes et une defaillance multiviscerale. La duree moyenne de sejour en reanimation etait de 5 jours (±6). Conclusion : Malgre les mesures preventives, l’hyperthermie d’effort reste un probleme majeur chez les militaires, soldats et d’autres athletes, avec une mortalite voisine d’environ 10% dans la plupart des series publiees. La methode la plus effective est l’immersion en eau glacee. Il est urgent de doter la region d’une politique preventive sereine, y compris d’un plan d’action, de secours et de formation des medecins, des athletes et des autres professionnels de sante aux risques de l’hyperthermie.
Pharmacognostical and preliminary phytochemical investigation of Acorus calamus linn.

Acorus calamus Linn. also known as Vacha is one of the oldest herbs with creeping rhizome in Indian traditional system and has been used as laxative, diuretic, antioxidant, antimicrobial. The present study was carried out to investigate morphological, microscopical, physicochemical and phytochemical screening of Acorus calamus rhizome and powder. Morphological studies showed the presence of various diagnostic characters. In the microscopical studies, t.s. showed the presence of epidermis, cortex, fibrovascular bundle, endodermis contain parenchymatous cells and vascular bundle and powder of drug shows vessels with starch grain. Ash value, extractive value, foreign organic matter, moisture content and TLC were determined for quality standard of drugs. Phytochemical investigation shows the presence of alkaloids, carbohydrate, glycoside,, phenolic compounds and tannins. The result of the study could be useful for identification and preparation of monograph of the plant.
Transpiration of Boreal and Temperate Forests

Boreal and temperate forests occur in mid-to high-latitudes where the ongoing climate change is significant. Understanding tempo-spatial dynamics and controlling factors on the transpiration of these forests is fundamental for assessing and predicting the roles of the forests in the climatic system. We reviewed recent studies on the transpiration of boreal and temperate forests to examine the variations in and influencing factors on the transpiration at leaf, individual and stand scales, and to discuss potential issues in spatially scaling of transpiration. There was a great variability in transpiration rates within coniferous and broad-leaved trees, but the mean rate for the former was signifi cantly less than that for the latter at both leaf and individual scales. No signifi cant difference, however, was found at the stand scale. The transpiration was affected by solar radiation, vapor pressure defi cit, soil water content, and their interactions, but the controlling factors varied with spatial and temporal scales. The water consumption of individual trees was significantly positively correlated to the diameter at breast height, sapwood area and height. The maximum daily rate of stand transpiration was significantly correlated to the leaf area index. The mean daily rate of stand transpiration in growing seasons was positively related to the mean annual precipitation and temperature. These relationships and linkage of transpiration processes across spatial scales were the current framework of scaling the transpiration process from leaf to stand scales. Potential research issues and priorities in this field were also discussed. Fig 4, Tab 2, Ref 86
Advance in Environmental Waste Management & Recycling

Introduction Water is indispensable for life, as it’s one of the vital components of all living creatures and of the physical environment. It makes up to 50-97% of plants and animals [1]. It is the second essential factor for life after oxygen. If this essential factor is not available, some organisms die early, some form resistance stage, while some others die late, and human beings are not excluded from this marvellous factor [2]. However, it is estimated that about 1.2 billion individuals worldwide do not have access to potable water [3]. In many developing countries, availability of water has become a critical and urgent problem and it is a matter of great concern to families and communities that depend on non-public water supply systems [4]. Increase in human population has exerted an enormous pressure on the provision of safe drinking water in developing countries [2].
Positive genetic hazard predictions from short-term tests have proved false for results in mammalian spermatogonia with all environmental chemicals so far tested.

Eleven chemicals for which there has been considerable human exposure were chosen for study by the mouse specific-locus method because of their positive mutagenic action in other test systems. All were positive in the Drosophila sex-linked recessive lethal test, and all of the ten tested in mammalian somatic cells proved mutagenic. Positive results were also obtained in other tests. In contrast, in mouse stem-cell spermatogonia none of the chemicals, even at maximum tolerated dose, has given a specific-locus mutation frequency higher than the control, and the mutation frequency for all eleven combined (12 mutations in 298, 502 offspring) is actually less than the historical control, though not, of course, significantly lower. Absence of mutation induction cannot be attributed to: failure of the chemicals to reach the testis (10 of them are known to reach the testis in active form), small sample size (the samples are large), insensitivity of the test (the test is not insensitive: a positive control gave a mutation frequency 132 times higher than the historical control). It is concluded that mammalian stem-cell spermatogonia have an effective repair capability. This is supported by the dose-response and dose-fractionation results with ethyl-nitrosourea. Therefore, positive genetic hazard predictions from short-term testsmore » on chemicals may frequently give false warning of what to expect in mammalian spermatogonia, the cells considered to be of major concern for genetic risk in human males. « less
Plant-Insect Herbivore Interactions in Elevated Atmospheric CO 2 : Quantitative Analyses and Guild Effects

Interactions between insect herbivores and plants grown under conditions of ambient and elevated CO 2 were investigated by analysing data on 43 herbivores, representing 61 plant-hcrbivore interactions. Changes in herbivore performance in enhanced CO 2 environments were correlated with changes in the quality of the host plants. measured as nitrogen content. water content, carbohydrate content and secondary plant compounds. The data were analysed to determine whether CO 2 mediated effects on insect performance differed between feeding guilds (leaf-chewers. leaf miners, phloem-feeders (root and shoot), xylem-feeders, whole-cell-feeders and seed-caters) or instar stage. Host-plant quality changed in elevated CO 2 ; leaf nitrogen content decreased, on average. by 15% while carbohydrates increased by 47% and secondary plant compounds (phenolics) by 31%. Water content did not change. Of the variables measured changes in nitrogen and carbohydrate levels only were found to be correlated with changes in food consumption. No differences were found in CO 2 -mediated herbivore responses on woody plant compared with non-woody plants. Insects from different feeding guilds respond to CO 2 mediated changes in host-plant quality in various ways. Leaf-chewer generally seem able to compensate for the decreased nitrogen levels in the plant tissues by increasing their food consumption (by 30%) and with no adverse effects on pupal weights. Leaf-miners only slightly increase their food consumption. The negative effect on pupal weight suggests that their population dynamics may change over several generations. Limited data on seed-eaters suggest that enhanced CO 2 conditions have no effect on these insects. Phloem-feeders and whole-cell-feeders are the only insects to show a positive CO 2 response. Population sizes generally increased in elevated CO 2 and development time of phloem-feeders was reduced by 17%. Early instar larvae are restricted more by CO 2 enhancement than late instars. Although changes in food consumption are similar. changes in development times are much more pronounced in young instars (18% vs 6%).
Effect of perioperative administration of dexmedetomidine on delirium after cardiac surgery in elderly patients: a double-blinded, multi-center, randomized study

Objective Postoperative delirium (POD) is a serious complication in elderly patients undergoing cardiac surgery. This study was aimed at investigating the effect of perioperative administration of dexmedetomidine for general anesthesia maintenance on occurrence and duration of POD in elderly patients after cardiac surgery. Methods One hundred and sixty-four patients were enrolled after cardiac surgery between June 2009 and December 2016. Patients were assigned by a computer-generated randomization sequence in a 1:1 ratio to receive dexmedetomidine general anesthesia maintenance or propofol general anesthesia maintenance. POD was assessed every day with confusion assessment method for intensive care units (ICU) during the first 5 postoperative days. Results There was no significance in incidence of POD between the dexmedetomidine group and the propofol group (P=0.0758). In patients treated with dexmedetomidine, the median onset time of delirium was delayed (second day vs first day) and the duration of delirium reduced (2 days vs 3 days) when compared with propofol-treated patients. The dexmedetomidine-treated patients also displayed a lower VAS score and less opiate analgesic consumption. No difference was observed in respect to other postoperative outcomes. Conclusion For elderly patients, perioperative administration of dexmedetomidine reduced incidence, delayed onset and shortened duration of POD after cardiac surgery.
Relation Between Variation of Water, Fat, Glycerol in vivo of Over-wintering Diaphania pyloalis Walker Larvae and Cold-hardiness

In order to forecast density and population change of Diaphania pyloalis walker,relation of water, fat and glycerol in vivo of over-wintering Diaphania pyloalis Walker larvae and cold-hardiness was studied. The results showed that water content in vivo decreased along with air temperature declining,and the super cooling capability enhanced along with water content in vivo decreasing, reduced along with water content in vivo increasing, that correlation between variations of the super cooling point and combined fat content in vivo were positive, that glycerol content increased gradually during the over-wintering period, decreased along with temperature rising after the over-wintering period, that glycerin content reached the peak level which was 9.72, 10.82 and 8.87 ~mg/mL in December, January and Feburary in the next year, respectively, whereas the supper cooling point was the lowest which was-18.38,-18.88 and-19.69 ℃ respectively, and that the supper cooling point increased along with glycerin content decreasing gradually in March and April.
Fate of Antibiotic Resistance Genes During Anaerobic Digestion of Wastewater Solids

Bacterial resistance to antibiotics has become a worldwide health problem, resulting in untreatable infections and escalating healthcare costs. Wastewater treatment plants are a critical point of control between anthropogenic sources of pathogens, antibiotic resistant bacteria (ARBs), antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs), and the environment through discharge of treated effluent and land application of biosolids. Recent studies observing an apparent resuscitation of pathogens and pathogen indicators and the widening realization of the importance of addressing environmental reservoirs of ARGs all lead toward the need for improved understanding of ARG fate and pathogen inactivation kinetics and mechanisms in sludge stabilization technologies. This research has investigated the fate of two pathogens, methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and Escherichia coli, and various ARGs under pasteurization, anaerobic digestion, biosolids storage, and land application conditions. Pathogen die-off occurs at a rate specific to each pathogen and matrix in ambient and mesophilic temperature environments. Viable but nonculturable (VBNC) states are initiated by thermal treatments, such as thermophilic digestion and possibly pasteurization, and allow the persistence of pathogen cells and any ARGs contained therein through treatment and into the receiving environment where resuscitation or transformation could occur. Raw sludge ARG content does affect digester effluent quality, although the predominant mechanisms of ARG persistence may be different in mesophilic versus thermophilic digestion. In both thermophilic and mesophilic digestion, a correlation was observed between raw sludge and digester ARGs associated with Class 1 integrons, possibly as a result of horizontal gene transfer. ARB survival was shown to contribute to ARG content in mesophilic digestion, but not thermophilic digestion. Thermophilic digestion may achieve a higher ARG reduction because of reduced microbial diversity compared to mesophilic digestion. However, it is evident that horizontal gene transfer still does occur, particularly with highly mobile integrons, so that complete reduction of all ARGs would not be possible with thermophilic digestion alone.
Biochemical Constituents of Finger Millet Genotypes Associated with Resistance to Blast Caused by Pyricularia grisea Sacc.

Forty diverse genotypes of finger millet comprising resistant, moderately resistant and susceptible to blast weie evaluated for biochemical parameters in dry seeds. Six genotypes namely IE 1012, GE 3022, GE 3024, GE 3058. GE 3060 and MR 6 were found resistant to leaf, neck and finger blast. Higher total phenol content was recorded in resistant genotypes whereas total sugars and reducing sugars were higher in susceptible genotypes ie VR 520. VR 586, K 7, VMEC 35, PPR 2679 and PES 110 at all three stages Positive and significant correlations were recorded for leaf, neck and finger blast with total and reducing sugars while total phenols were significantly lower Path coefficient analysis studies revealed that total phenols at dough stage and total sugars, reducing sugars in diy seed. 35 days old seedlings determined the blast resistance in figer millet
Prevalence of Road Traffic Accident (Non-fatal) in Children: Retrospective Study at Tertiary care Centre

1 Assistant Professor, Department of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology, Gajra Raja Medical College, Gwalior 2 Yoga Course . Department of Yogic Sciences, LNIPE, Gwalior 3 Professor & Head, Department of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology, TSM Medical College, Lucknow *Corresponding Author Dr Chandra Shekhar Wagmare Email: Drshekharr05@gmail.com, Mob No-9424678980 Abstract Fatal and Non-fatal road traffic accident in childhood contribute significant public health problem in world. As children grow and their path extends from home to world, they are exposed to hazards and risks. The fatalities from Road Traffic Accidents constitute a major cause of unnatural deaths among children in India. The present study observed that most of road injury fatalities in children involved males in the age group of 5-15 years, most commonly affected were travellers in two wheelers. The present study found that the maximum number of casualties occurred between 8 am –12 Noon which is comparable with findings of other parts of India. Most schools close after 4 pm therefore comparatively more children are present on the road at this time of the day thereby increasing their exposure to automobiles . One of the best ways to do it is to include road safety issues in school curriculum. Those children who ride bicycles should be made to wear helmets as it is expected to reduce the severity of injury to the head. Drivers should avoid talking on mobile phones while on roads. Keyword: Children, Road Traffic Accident, Tertiary Care centre.
Home-range sizes in a stratified upland landscape of two lagomorphs with different feeding strategies

The range size of adult female mountain hares (Lepus timidus L.) and European rabbits (Oryctolagus cuniculus L.), occupying a landscape composed of moorland, young poorest and upland pasture, were studied by radio-telemetry. The factors that affect range size of the two species were identified and interpreted with regard to their respective feeding strategies; mountain hares are summer grazers that browse in winter whereas rabbits eat grasses throughout the year. Individual mountain hares were classified as 'moorland', 'forest' or'pasture' hares, and individual rabbits were classified as 'forest', 'pasture' or 'mixtures rabbits according to the frequency with which they used each habitat. Home-range size of both species was highly variable with a mean area (and standard deviation) of 22.2 ha (SD = 18.5) for hares and 6.3 ha (SD = 3.9) for rabbits. Home-range size of mountain hares varied according to habitat and season. There was a negative correlation between home-range size and the available green biomass of grass. This suggests that the large home ranges of 'moorland' hares during the breeding and post-breeding seasons may have been a consequence of low food availability. Home-range size of rabbits also varied according to habitat and season, but was not clearly associated with food availability, feeding strategy or social behaviour. In the early years following planting, extensive afforestation of upland moorlands is unlikely to affect mountain hare and rabbit populations if an abundant ground flora is available. Individuals of both species may even remain entirely within the plantation using very small home-ranges. However, single age plantations would have to be restructured to increase the age diversity and hence the availability of suitable habitats for long-term maintenance of viable populations of mountain hares.
Identification and characterization of factors contributing to the pathogenicity of Moraxella catarrhalis

The major phospholipid constituents of Moraxella catarrhalis membranes are phosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylethanolamine, and cardiolipin (CL). However, very little is known regarding the synthesis and function of these phospholipids in M. catarrhalis. In this study, we discovered that M. catarrhalis expresses a cardiolipin synthase (CLS), termed MclS, that is responsible for the synthesis of CL within the bacterium. The nucleotide sequence of mclS is highly conserved throughout M. catarrhalis isolates and is predicted to encode a protein with significant amino acid similarity to the recently characterized YmdC/ClsC protein of Escherichia coli. Isogenic mclS mutant strains were generated in M. catarrhalis isolates O35E, O12E, and McGHS1 and contained no observable levels of CL. Site-directed mutagenesis of a highly conserved HKD motif of MclS also resulted in a CL-deficient strain. Moraxella catarrhalis, which depends on adherence to epithelial cells for colonization of the human host, displays significantly reduced levels of adherence to HEp-2 and A549 cell lines in the mclS mutant strains compared to WT bacteria. The reduction in adherence appears to be attributed to the absence of CL. These findings mark the first instance in which a CLS has been related to a virulence-associated trait.
Methylation Pattern of Hepatitis B Virus X Gene in Infected Patients

Objective: A recent field of research in epigenetics is DNA methylation which involves the CpG island in the genome that subsequently controls transcription and translation of targeted genes. In the hepatitis B virus (HBV) genome, there are three CpG islands which tend to be methylated. The aim of the current study is to determine the methylation pattern of the HBV X gene in chronically infected HBV patients. Methods: Study participants comprised 45 chronically infected HBV patients. According to the presence of the HBeAg, patients were divided into two groups, HBeAg positive (n=24) and HBeAg negative (n=21). Initially, viral DNA was treated with natrium bisulfate. Then, analysis was performed with two sets of methylated and non-methylated primers by the MSP method. Results: The overall methylation rate in serum samples of hepatitis B infected patients was 35.5%; the rate in the HBeAg positive patients was 20.8%, whereas it was 52.3% in HBeAg negative patients. There was a significantly higher rate of methylation in serum samples of HBeAg negative patients compared to HBeAg positive patients (student's ttest; P=0.02). Conclusion: Methylation of HBV can be used as a new mechanism to control the progression of viral infection. This methodology can be useful for determining the characteristics of clinical stages of this infection.
The Ecology of the Kafue Lechwe: Its Nutritional Status and Herbage Intake

(1) The levels of blood urea, calcium, phosphorus, sodium and potassium in the lechwe blood sera were determined and compared with a standard. Blood urea was higher than expected from the low values of nitrogen recorded from soil and plant analyses. Selective grazing for young grasses, and herb species high in nitrogen could have been a contributory factor. The soils and plants were deficient in phosphorus, but the data suggest that the phosphorus levels in the lechwe exceeded the standard. No adverse effects in the lechwe could be attributed to the high potassium levels. Calcium and sodium were similar to the standards. (2) The concentrations of phosphorus and nitrogen in the lechwe faeces were low. (3) An indication of herbage intake by lechwe was sought. The quality of the intake was determined by analysing herbage sub-samples (by plant parts and by species composition) from the rumens of shot lechwe. The females selected for leaves for 2 months more than the males and the nutrient values of the plant species in their rumens tended to be higher. (4) Present knowledge suggests that many digestive processes may be similar for all ruminants and there are indications that wild ruminants may require a greater quantity of metabolizable energy to meet maintenance requirements than domesticated ruminants. From published data, it has been estimated that the maintenance requirement of a Kafue lechwe of average weight (66 0 kg) is 3100 J M.E. /24 h.