Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
p53 immunohistochemical positivity as a prognostic marker in intracranial tumours

The frequency and scale of positive p53 immunohistochemistry in 107 intracranial tumours of different types was studied as a possible prognostic marker using a polyclonal antibody CM‐1 which detects both the wild‐type and mutated p53 proteins. Fifty of the tumours (46.7%) showed nuclear p53 positivity with different percentages of positive nuclei. The positivity was concentrated in glial tumours of which 52.8% were positive. Forty‐two of seventy‐four astrocytomas (56.8%), 4 of 12 oligodendrogliomas (33.3%), and 1 of 3 ependymomas (33.3%) showed p53‐positive nuclei. Cytoplasmic positivity, found in 25 astrocytomas, was always associated with nuclear positivity. Some p53‐positive nuclei were seen in 16.7% of the non‐gliomatous tumours, but in all cases p53 positivity was seen in less than 1% of the nuclei. The patients with astrocytomas containing more than 5% p53‐positive nuclei were younger (mean 27.3 years) (p=0.016) and their tumours larger in diameter (mean 4.4 cm) (p=0.05) than those with p53‐negative astrocytomas (mean 41.0 years and mean 3.3 cm, respectively). In p53‐positive (≥1% of nuclei) grade IV astrocytomas, survival time was significantly shorter (mean 7.2 months) than in p53‐negative grade IV astrocytomas (mean 15.5 months (p=0.024). The results indicate frequent p53 expression in intracranial tumours, especially in gliomas. The association of p53 positivity with young age, larger tumour size, and poor prognosis in high‐grade astrocytomas suggests that p53 may be involved in the development of more aggressive types of intracranial tumours. According to these results, p53 immunohistochemical positivity may serve as a prognostic marker in high‐grade astrocytomas.
Generating Entity Representation from Online Discussions: Challenges and an Evaluation Framework

Because of the ubiquitous use of the Internet in current society, it is easy to find groups or communities of people discussing about the most varied subjects. Learning about these subjects (or entities) from such discussions is of great interest for companies, organizations, public figures (e.g. politicians) and researchers alike. In this paper, we explore the problem of learning entity representations using online discussions about them as the only source of information. While such discussions may reveal relevant and surprising information about the corresponding subjects, they may also be completely irrelevant. As another challenge, while regular text documents usually contain a well structured language, online discussions often contain informal and mispelled words. Here we formally define the problem, propose a new benchmark for evaluating vector representation methods, and perform a deep evaluation of well-known techniques using three proposed evaluation scenarios: (i) clustering, (ii) ordering and (iii) recommendation. Results show that each method is better than at least one other in some evaluation.
Observation of a 1H double quantum filtered signal of water in biological tissues

The observation of a 1H double quantum filtered (DQF) NMR signal of water in bovine sciatic nerve, bovine articular cartilage, rat tail tendon, and rat brain is reported. The origin of this signal in rat tail tendon was found to be a result of residual dipolar interaction between water protons and macromolecular protons. The dependence of the width of the 1H DQF spectra on the orientation indicated that in rat tail tendon the effective director of the residual dipolar interaction is parallel to the collagen fibers. 1H DQF NMR may be applied in imaging where the contrast obtained is related to the degree of order in the tissue.
Project Proposal Regarding the Flow of Sentiment Across Social Media Networks

This paper investigates the ow of various sentiment-oriented features through a hyperlinked network of blog posts or news media articles. In particular, this paper studies how the topology of the post cascade and the nature of the feature aect the ow behavior. We hope to determine certain lexical or topological features that have a high eect on whether and to what extent sentiment ows in a cascade.
Down‐regulation of insulin‐like growth factor binding proteins and growth modulation in hepatoma cells by retinoic acid

We observed that all‐trans‐retinoic acid (RA) down‐regulated insulin‐like growth factor binding proteins (IGFBPs) in cultured human hepatoma cells (Hep 3B, PLC/PRF/5, and Hep G2); therefore, we characterized the role of this down‐regulation in cell growth. Treatment with 10 μmol/L RA revealed a rapid decrease in IGFBP‐3 within 2 days, and continued treatment with RA for 6 days resulted in a time‐dependent stimulation of Hep 3B cell growth. However, RA treatment decreased IGFBP‐1 in PLC/PRF/5 cells and in Hep G2 cells, and the growth‐stimulatory activity of RA was transient and less prominent, and was finally obliterated in both cell lines. The addition of 5 ng/mL or 50 ng/mL insulin‐like growth factors (IGFs) did not change the growth effects elicited by RA. The addition of IGFBP‐3 (1,000 ng/mL) inhibited the growth of Hep 3B cells and counteracted the growth‐stimulatory activity of RA, but not completely, suggesting that RA has direct growth‐stimulatory activity and that this is enhanced by autocrine down‐regulation of IGFBP‐3. IGFBP‐3 also inhibited the growth of PLC/PRF/5 cells and of Hep G2 cells. Treatment with phosphorylated IGFBP‐1 (1,000 ng/mL) alone or with RA did not affect the growth of PLC/PRF/5 cells or Hep G2 cells. However, addition of dephosphorylated IGFBP‐1, derived from in vivo dephosphorylation of the phosphorylated form, stimulated the growth of both cell lines, independent of interaction with IGF‐I. From these observations, we propose that RA down‐regulates IGFBPs, which in turn causes autocrine modulation of cell growth independent of IGF in hepatoma cellsin vitroorin vivo. In addition, RA regulates IGFBPs at the posttranscriptional (Hep 3B cells and Hep G2 cells) or transcriptional level (PLC/PRF/5 cells) in a cell‐specific manner
Seismic Evidence for Water Deep in Earth's Upper Mantle

Water in the deep upper mantle can influence the properties of seismic discontinuities in the mantle transition zone. Observations of converted seismic waves provide evidence of a 20- to 35-kilometer-thick discontinuity near a depth of 410 kilometers, most likely explained by as much as 700 parts per million of water by weight.
Cloning of rat p47phox and comparison with human p47phox

A cDNA encoding rat p47phox was cloned from rat spleen cDNA library, utilizing rapid amplification of cDNA ends. The open reading frame corresponded to 389 amino acids: It contained the phagocyte oxidase homology domain, two Src homology 3 domains and a proline rich region, all of which are conserved in mammalian p47phox sequences. Rat p47phox displayed the highest degree of identity to mouse p47phox (94%). We expressed and purified rat p47phox as a glutathione S-transferase fusion protein, and found that the rat protein could replace human p47phox in a cell-free activation system for human NADPH oxidase, giving about half activity. Although rat 12-lipoxygenase interacted with human p47phox in a yeast two-hybrid system, this was not the case for rat p47phox.
Working for a healthier tomorrow

“As a cure for worrying, work is better than whiskey” (Thomas A. Edison, 1847–1931). Work, matched to one’s knowledge and skills and undertaken in a safe, healthy and supportive environment, can reverse the harmful effects of prolonged sickness absence or long-term unemployment, and promote health, well-being and prosperity. In spite of this, over 170 million working days were lost to illness in the UK in 2006 and around 7% of the working-age population are workless and receiving incapacity benefits. This waste of human potential represents a significant economical and societal cost, and impedes the prospects of many young people, the working-age population of tomorrow. Government, employers and trade unions, healthcare workers and the voluntary sector should unite to help people enter, stay in or return to work by prevention of illness and promotion of health and well-being, early intervention in case of sickness absence, and an improvement in the health of those out of work. This is the main message of the important report “Working for a healthier tomorrow”, which reviews the health of Britain’s working-age population.1 With a stream of publicity and accompanying activities, this report was presented by the author, Professor Dame Carol Black, National Director for Health and Work, to the Secretaries of State for Health and for Work and Pensions in March 2008. The report, supported by 260 responses to a Call for Evidence and supplemented by six discussion events …
The mechanism for activation of the neutrophil NADPH‐oxidase by the peptides formyl‐Met‐Leu‐Phe and Trp‐Lys‐Tyr‐Met‐Val‐Met differs from that for interleukin‐8

Neutrophil chemotaxis has been shown to be regulated by two different signalling pathways that allow strong chemoattractants, such as bacterial‐derived formylated peptides, to dominate over endogenous attractants, such as interleukin‐8 (IL‐8). Here we show that triggering of the formyl peptide receptor (FPR) with f‐Met‐Leu‐Phe (fMLF) substantially reduced the neutrophil superoxide production induced by activation of the CXC receptors with IL‐8. When the order of agonists was reversed, the cells were primed in their response to fMLF, suggesting that the signalling hierarchy between strong, so‐called end‐type (i.e. fMLF) and weak or intermediate‐type (i.e. IL‐8) chemoattractants, is also operating during activation of the NADPH‐oxidase. The same result was obtained when fMLF was replaced with the hexapeptide, WKYMVM, specific for the formyl peptide‐like receptor 1 (FPRL1). There were additional differences between the agonist receptor pairs fMLF/FPR, WKYMVM/FPRL1 and IL‐8/CXCR. In contrast to FPR and FPRL1, no reserve pool of CXCR was present in subcellular granules and it was impossible to prime the oxidative response transduced through CXCR by the addition of priming agents such as tumour necrosis factor‐α and platelet‐activating factor. Moreover, the cytoskeleton‐disrupting substance, cytochalasin B, had no effect either on IL‐8‐triggered oxidase activation or on CXCR reactivation. A pertussis toxin‐sensitive G‐protein is involved in signalling mediated through both FPR and CXCR, and the signalling cascades include a transient intracellular calcium increase, as well as downstream p38 MAPK and phosphoinositide 3‐kinase activation. The data presented in this study provide support for two different signalling pathways to the neutrophil NADPH‐oxidase, used by ligand binding to FPR/FPRL1 or CXCR, respectively.
THE USE OF RESPONSIVE NEUROSTIMULATOR SYSTEMS TO TREAT PATIENTS WITH EPILEPSY

Medical technology is rapidly evolving to provide more effective treatment options and accurate diagnoses for patients. Our research for this paper focuses on the newly developed use of Responsive Neurostimulator Systems to effectively reduce the severity of epileptic seizures and, potentially, eliminate these seizures altogether. Neuroprosthetic devices can be utilized to treat a variety of cases including the loss of limbs and the restoration of one’s sense of touch. In our paper, however, we will be focusing on the field of these devices responsible for the detection and stimulation of neurological electrical impulses, commonly referred to as Responsive Neurostimulator Systems (RNS). The RNS has the ability to both detect and suppress seizures through the use of coded sensors. As a result, RNS has proven to be an effective treatment option because of this ability to sustain an improved quality of life for epileptic patients. For this reason, we want to conduct further research to strengthen our knowledge of responsive neurostimulator systems in order to report how this device will revolutionize the future of medical technology. To effectively report on and analyze the importance of this innovative technology, we will address all of the significant aspects of responsive neurostimulator devices. Through extensive analysis of clinical trials, statistical data, and academic journals, we will provide an indepth description of the means by which the devices work, details of recent successes in the experimental phase of treatment, possible ethical issues that may arise, and the relevance the technology has for today’s engineers and society.
Long-term follow-up after temporal lobe resection for lesions associated with chronic seizures

Article abstract-A follow-up study was conducted on 60 patients who had standard en bloc anterior temporal lobe resection, including mesio-temporal structures, as treatment for temporal lobe lesions associated with chronic, medically intractable seizures. Lesions were identified as glial tumors, hamartomas, or vascular malformations. Long-term outcome was assessed in terms of seizure frequency and certain psychosocial sequelae. Seizure onset occurred at an average age of 15 years (median = 13.5 years), and patients experienced seizures for an average of 13 years prior to surgery. The mean time of follow-up was 8.4 years post-surgery (median = 6 years). The Kaplan-Meier curve at median follow-up showed a seizure-free rate of 80%. Late seizure recurrence was documented for three patients; two had been seizure free for 10 years and one for 15 years after surgery before re-onset of seizures in the absence of tumor recurrence. A prolonged history of seizures prior to surgery was associated with a poorer seizure outcome (p = 0.06), suggesting that secondary epileptogenesis at sites distant to the lesion may develop with years of uncontrolled seizures. There was a low tumor recurrence rate of 3.3% (two cases). The psychosocial outcome was generally good, with 67% working or engaged in educational studies, and improvement noted in 59% of cases for one or more of the psychosocial factors investigated. This study confirms that anterior temporal lobe resection for temporal lesions associated with chronic seizures is a successful treatment with a high seizure-free rate following surgery and good psychosocial outcome. NEUROLOGY 1997;48: 621-626
Measuring developmental and functional status in children with disabilities

This study compared performance on the Functional Independence Measure for Children (WeeFIM), the Battelle Developmental Inventory Screening Test (BDIST), and the Vineland Adaptive Behavior Scales (VABS) in children with developmental disabilities. The three instruments were administered to 205 children with identified disabilities. All 205 children were tested using the WeeFIM instrument. The BDIST was administered to 101 children and the VABS to the remaining 104 children. Administration was counterbalanced and randomized across all three instruments. A proportional sampling plan was used to select the 205 children, who ranged in age from 11 to 87 months. A variety of medical diagnoses and levels of severity of motor, cognitive, and communication impairments were systematically included in the sample. Correlations (r) among subscales for all three instruments ranged from 0.42 to 0.92. Correlations for total scores ranged from 0.72 to 0.94. Analyses of potential moderator variables found no significant relation between age and severity of disability (r=0.05) or between socioeconomic status (SES) and severity of disability (r=0.21). Correlations with age were strongest for those subscale scores involving gross and fine motor skills. Correlations with SES and subscale scores ranged from 0.03 to 0.18. The three instruments provide important information regarding childhood performance in motor, self‐care, communicative, cognitive, and social skills. The WeeFIM instrument requires less administration time and provides information directly relevant to evaluating functional outcomes for children with disabilities and their families.
Dna Synthesis Rate Changes During the S Phase In Mouse Epidermis

The in vivo DNA synthesis rate throughout the S phase of mouse epidermal cells was investigated. Epidermal basal cells were isolated at various times of the day from normal animals injected with [3H]TdR 30 min before sacrifice, and from pulse‐labelled animals with regenerating and growth‐inhibited epidermis. the cells were analysed by DNA flow cytometry combined with cell sorting. Cells from successive fractions of the S phase were sorted on glass slides and subjected to quantitative [3H]TdR autoradiography.
Mutual Gaze Duration as a Function of Length of Conversation in Male—Female Dyads

To assess the effects of familiarity on the duration of mutual gaze, and other measures of visual interaction, e.g., duration of unilateral gaze and discrepancy in duration between partners, 14 male–female dyads discussed unconditional positive regard for 8 min., after individually studying the topic for 10 min. Mutual gaze duration was significantly longer during the last 2 min. of the discussion than during the first 2 min. This suggests that, after some exposure at least, participants maintain longer durations of mutual gaze. Further, if the duration of mutual gaze is interpreted as a measure of intimacy, even a relatively short social interaction appears to increase the intimacy between two individuals of opposite sex. However, it is not clear whether these findings could be generalized to male–male and female–female dyads.
Modified Booth modulo 2/sup n/-1 multipliers

2/sup n/-1 is one of the most commonly used moduli in residue number systems. In this paper, we propose a new method for designing modified Booth modulo 2/sup n/-1 multipliers, which, for even values of n, require one less partial product than the already known. CMOS implementations reveal that the proposed multipliers compared to earlier solutions offer savings up to 28.7 percent and up to 29.3 percent in the implementation area and execution delay, respectively.
Effect of decisive formulation variables on bioencapsulation efficiency and integrity of yeast biocapsules for oral itraconazole delivery

Reproducible delivery of drugs through bioencapsulation in cellular carriers is severely limited by biovariability in cellular carriers and effects of decisive formulation variables. Surmounting the constraints in reproducible results, our work explores optimization methodology for precise and reproducible cellular bioencapsulation technology for poorly water soluble drug. Active-dried baker's yeast cells were selected as cellular carriers for poorly soluble antimycotic agent itraconazole (ITZ). Pre-treatment of yeast cells with various techniques exhibited substantial augmentation in bioencapsulation efficiency (%BE). Sequentially optimized values of formulation variables like bioencapsulation temperature (40–50°C), stirring rate (350 rpm) and time (5 h) exhibited highest %BE with desired reproducibility. In comparison with marketed product, bioencapsulated itraconazole demonstrated marked increase in solubility with more than 70% release in 10 min. Compression pressure equivalent to tablet hardness of 2.0–3.5 kg/cm2 was optimum to maintain integrity of biocapsules. Resulting biocapsules exhibited safe residual solvent content, inertness for fermentation ability and excellent stability at accelerated conditions.
Selective and transient expression of a native chondroitin sulfate epitope in Deiters' cells, pillar cells, and the developing tectorial membrane

The tectorial membrane (TM) is an acellular connective tissue overlying the sensory hair cells of the organ of Corti. Association of the tectorial membrane with the stereocilia of the sensory hair cells is necessary for proper auditory function. During development, the mature tectorial membrane is thought to arise by fusion of a “major” and “minor” tectorial membrane (Lim, Hear Res 1986;22:117–146). Several proteins and glycoconjugates have been detected in the developing TM; however, the specific molecules which mediate fusion of the two components of the TM have not been identified.
Optimal idling speed control of direct-drive electric vehicle launch in consideration of drive comfort

By using clutch for replacing rigid connection with a flexible one between hub and wheel-motor, a novel solution for in-wheel drive is proposed with the possibilities of `no-load starting and variable-idle clutching' together in this paper. It is then important to choose suitable idling speed of wheel motor for assuring drive comfort from a standing start in direct-drive electric vehicle. Based on the actual load torque, the control strategy of optimal idling speed is discussed in the aim of enhancing drive comfort and reducing electromagnetic impulsion.
Joint Beamforming, Terminal Scheduling, and Adaptive Modulation with Imperfect CSIT in Rayleigh Fading Correlated Channels with Co-channel Interference

This paper presents a joint scheduling, beamforming, and resource allocation algorithm for multi-user wireless networks affected by co-channel interference. The analysis considers a network with one base station (BS) that uses a multiple antenna transmitter (beamformer) to schedule (in a time-division manner) transmissions towards a set of $J$ one-antenna terminals in the presence of $K$ persistent interferers. The transmitter is assumed to employ maximum-ratio combining (MRC) beamforming in the presence of spatially-correlated branches with channel envelopes modelled as Rayleigh-distributed processes. The BS has access to an imperfect (outdated) copy of the instantaneous channel state information (CSI) of each terminal. Based on this CSI at the transmitter side (CSIT), the BS proceeds to select (at each time interval or time-slot) the terminal with the highest channel strength for purposes of transmission. This imperfect CSIT is also used to calculate the coefficients of the beamformer that will be used to transmit information towards the scheduled terminal, as well as for selecting the most appropriate modulation format (threshold-based decision). In addition, the transmission towards each scheduled terminal is assumed to experience persistent co-channel interference that will degrade the quality of the information reception process. The main merits of this work are: 1) the joint analysis of MRC-based beamforming, terminal scheduling based on maximum channel strength, and modulation assignment, and 2) joint modelling of the effects of spatial correlation, co-channel interference and imperfect CSIT.
Lessons from recent research on depression in primary care1

The prevalence and impact of common psychological disorders in primary care were first described by Michael Shepherd (Shepherd, 1973) and David Goldberg (Goldberg & Blackwell, 1970) approximately 30 years ago. In 1985, Schurman et al. (1985) referred to primary health care in the US as a “hidden mental health network”. Given the sheer volume of recent research on depression in primary care (approximately 900 publications referenced in MEDLINE since 1993), we can no longer describe mental health problems in primary care as hidden. In this review, we attempt to summarize this recent research. Our focus is on effective clinical programs for the management of depression among primary care patients.