Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Maternal prepregnancy BMI, offspring's early postnatal growth, and metabolic profile at age 5-6 years: the ABCD Study.

CONTEXT Maternal prepregnancy body mass index (pBMI) and offspring's accelerated postnatal growth have adverse consequences for later cardiometabolic health, but it is unknown how these two factors interact. OBJECTIVE To assess the association between maternal pBMI and offspring's metabolic profile at age 5-6 years and determine the role (independent/mediating/moderating) of offspring's postnatal growth in this association. DESIGN/PARTICIPANTS In total, 1459 mother-child pairs from the prospective ABCD study with known maternal pBMI, offspring postnatal growth (weight and weight-for-length gain) between age 1-3 months (Δ SD score). MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES We analyzed metabolic components of offspring at age 5-6 years, including waist-to-height-ratio (WHtR), systolic/diastolic blood pressure (SBP/DBP), fasting glucose, triglycerides, and high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol values, both individually (Z-scores) and combined (sum Z-scores; metabolic score). RESULTS Maternal pBMI was positively associated with offspring's WHtR (β = 0.025; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.010-0.039), SBP (β = 0.020; 95% CI, 0.005-0.0035), DBP (β = 0.016; 95% CI, 0.000-0.031), and metabolic score (β = 0.078; 95% CI, 0.039-0.118) after adjusting. Adding postnatal growth had no relevant impact on these effect sizes. Postnatal weight gain was independently associated with WHtR (β = 0.199; 95% CI, 0.097-0.300), fasting glucose values (β = 0.117; 95% CI, 0.008-0.227), metabolic score (β = 0.405; 95% CI, 0.128-0.682). Postnatal weight-for-length gain was independently associated with WHtR (β = 0.145; 95% CI, 0.080-0.211), and metabolic score (β = 0.301; 95% CI, 0.125-0.477). An interaction between maternal pBMI and postnatal weight gain was present in the association with SBP (P = .021) and metabolic score (P = .047), and between maternal pBMI and postnatal weight-for-length gain in the association with triglycerides (P = .022) and metabolic score (P = .042). CONCLUSIONS Both high maternal pBMI and postnatal accelerated growth are associated with adverse metabolic components in early childhood. No evidence was found for a mediating role of postnatal growth. The combination of high maternal pBMI and postnatal accelerated growth amplified individual effects.
Associations between psychiatric symptoms and seclusion use: Clinical implications for care planning

Findings from an increasing number of studies suggest that incorporating systematic short-term risk assessments in treatment planning could lead to safer practice on psychiatric admissions wards. The aim of the present study was to investigate the associations between the scores of three structured observation tools - the Kennedy Axis V (K-Axis-V), the Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale (BPRS), and the Social Dysfunction and Aggression Scale (SDAS) - and seclusion. In total, 1840 weekly risk assessments with these observation scales were collected over 2342 admission weeks. These assessment scores related to 370 acutely-admitted psychiatric patients and were subjected to a multilevel analysis. It was found that several dynamic and static factors were related to seclusion. Dynamic factors included violent behaviour, current substance abuse, suspiciousness, and negativism. Static factors included ethnicity and having been diagnosed with a substance abuse disorder. The findings suggest that the incorporation of the Kennedy-Axis V, the BPRS, and the SDAS into standard practice might be helpful in identifying patients at high risk of seclusion, and could be supportive to treatment planning and clinical decision-making in the prevention of seclusion use in acute psychiatric settings.
Algebraic Decoding of Reed-Solomon and BCH Codes

where α ∈ Fqm is an element of order n and gcd(b, n) = 1. This is a cyclic Reed-Solomon (RS) code with dmin = n − k + 1. Adding roots at all the conjugates of { α, α, . , αa+(n−k)b } (w.r.t. the subfield K = Fq) also allows one to define a length-n BCH subcode over Fq with dmin ≥ n−k+ 1. Also, any decoder that corrects all patterns of up to t = b(n− k)/2c errors for the original RS code can be used to correct the same set of errors for any subcode. The RS code operates by encoding a message polynomial m(x) = ∑k−1 j=0 mix i of degree at most k−1 into a codeword polynomial c(x) = ∑n−1 j=0 cix i using
TOXICITY OF MARGARINE ON LIVER ENZYMES (ASPARTATE AMINO TRANSFERAS AND ALANINE AMINO TRANSFERASE) IN RATS

Background: Margarine contain trans fatty acids as major sources of dietary free radicals, and oxidative stress. Effect of oral administration of margarine on hepatic enzyme was investigated in Wistar rats. Methods: Thirty six (36) adult Wistar rats were uniformly divided into three groups of control , margarine 15% and 20%, twelve rats in each groups (6males & 6 females). Margarine was added to the second and third groups chow as 15% and 20% (w/w) respectively. After four months, their blood samples were obtained and the serum levels of Aspartate Amino Transferase (AST) and Alanine amino transferase (ALT) were measured. Results: Serum levels of AST and ALT in margarine groups were higher than control groups, but it was not significant. Treatment of rats with margarine were not significantly alter the serum levels of liver enzymes in all groups. Conclusion: This result suggests that consumption of margarine may not be toxic at the doses investigated.
Platform Architecture, Multihoming and Complement Quality: Evidence from the U.S. Video Game Industry

Multihoming – the decision to design a complement to operate on multiple platforms – is becoming increasingly common in many platform markets. Perceived wisdom suggests that multihoming is beneficial for complement providers as they expand their market reach, but it reduces differentiation among competing platforms as the same complements become available on different platforms. In a study of the US video game industry, we find that multihoming is not as simple as commonly assumed and that platforms, i.e. game consoles, differ in their attractiveness for multihoming complements, i.e. games. Specifically, we find that the complexity of a console reduces the quality performance of multihoming games so that the same game receives a lower quality score on a more complex platform than on a less complex one. However, games that are released on the complex platform with a delay or developed and marketed by a vertically integrated firm suffer a smaller drop in quality on complex platforms, while the use of standardized technological tools – middleware – does not help to attenuate the performance drop on complex platforms. This has important implications for managers considering expanding their reach through multihoming.
Iconic Reference: Evolving Perspectives and an Organizing Framework

Abstract Icons are now routinely used in human-computer interactions. Despite their widespread use, however, we argue that icons are far more diverse and complex than normally realized. This article examines some of the history behind the evolution of icons from simple pictures to much richer and more complex representational devices. Then we develop and present a new framework that distinguishes: (1) different kinds of sign relations; (2) different kinds of referent relations; and (3) differences between sign and referent relations. In addition, we highlight a fundamental symmetry between icons and symbols, and use this framework to raise a number of basic questions about the kinds of representational issues and challenges designers will need to consider as they create the next generation of icons for user interfaces.
Histamine and tryptase in nasal lavage fluid following challenge with methacholine and allergen

The level of histamine in nasal lavage fluid has been used as an index of mast cell/basophil activation in a number of studies. Obviously, such an index can only be valid if changes in the secretory activity of nasal glands do not affect the level of histamine in lavage fluid (i.e. hypersecretion, without a simultaneous activation of mast cells/basophils in the nasal mucosa, must not increase the level of histamine).
Cisplatin Induction of ERCC-1 mRNA Expression in A2780/CP70 Human Ovarian Cancer Cells*

ERCC-1 is a critical gene within the nucleotide excision repair pathway, and cells without a functionalERCC-1 do not perform cisplatin-DNA adduct repair. We therefore investigated the cisplatin effect on ERCC-1mRNA expression in vitro. In response to a 1-h cisplatin exposure, A2780/CP70 human ovarian cancer cells showed a 6-fold increase in steady-state level of ERCC-1 mRNA. This rise was attributable to increased transcription as measured by nuclear run-on assays and a 60% increase in ERCC-1mRNA half-life. The increase in ERCC-1 mRNA was preceded by a 4–5-fold rise in mRNA expressions ofc-fos and c-jun, a 14-fold increase in c-Jun protein phosphorylation, and an increase in in vitronuclear extract binding activity to the AP-1-like site ofERCC-1. These data suggest that the induction ofERCC-1 expression in A2780/CP70 cells exposed to cisplatin results from two major factors: (a) an increase in the expression of transactivating factors that bind the AP-1-like site in the 5′-flanking region of ERCC-1 and (b) an increase in the level of c-Jun phosphorylation that enhances its transactivation property.
Time-frequency and phase derived features for emotion classification

Emotion recognition and synthesis plays a crucial role in Human-computer interface. In this paper, we propose a multi style emotion recognition algorithm using time frequency (pH) and phase delay of a speech signal. Most of the work done so far on emotion recognition using spectral features mainly focuses on magnitude of the signal. Phase delay has been incorporated in this work yielding better results in detecting low arousal emotions. Here, we include phase components along with the time frequency feature to form the feature vector thus increasing the efficiency by about 12%. Berlin database has been used for training and testing yielding recognition of 80.95% for seven emotions. SVM classifier is used in this work.
Expression et composition des motifs de conception avec les aspects. (Expression and Composition of Design Motifs with Aspects)

Les patrons de conception repertorient les bonnes pratiques de la programmation par ob- jets. Les solutions des patrons, appelees motifs, apparaissent avec une densite croissante dans les bibliotheques et cadriciels. Les effets de cette densite sur la modularite, l'adaptation et la reutilisation des programmes sont mal connus. Or la dispersion et le melange du code lie a l'im- plementation des motifs rendent difficile l'etude de ces effets. La programmation par aspects est une technique nouvelle dediee au traitement de ces deux symptomes. En modularisant les motifs dans des aspects, nous pouvons analyser de maniere plus fine les problemes d'implementation et de composition des motifs lies a leur densite. Cette these aborde les problemes de la densite, de l'implementation et de la composition des motifs avec AspectJ, une extension de Java pour les aspects. A partir du cas concret du cadri- ciel JHotDraw, nous montrons qu'une forte densite est un facteur de risque sur la modularite et l'adaptation d'un programme objet. Nous presentons la transformation des motifs a l'aide des aspects et nous decrivons les idiomes d'AspectJ supportant leur modularisation. Nous exami- nons la modularite et la reutilisation des compositions de motifs definies avec les aspects. Nous proposons la resolution des interactions entre motifs a l'aide du langage de coupe des aspects. Enfin nous developpons une methode de programmation avec AspectJ basee sur l'usage conjoint des classes et des aspects. Ces travaux nous permettent de conclure sur l'interet des aspects comme moyen d'etude et de traitement de la densite des motifs. Ils ouvrent egalement des pistes pour l'amelioration des langages d'aspects.
Mobility management in integrated UMTS/WLAN networks

The complementary characteristics of universal mobile telecommunication system (UMTS) and 802.11 wireless local area network (WLAN) networks make them attractive for integration to offer the best of both technologies. However to make their integration effective, seamless mobility between the two networks is necessary. In this paper we address mobility management procedures within and between UMTS and 802.11 WLAN for various integration scenarios. For each integration option we consider, we give the interaction between various networks elements and new procedures required to ensure seamless mobility.
Degree of Viremia and Liver Histology in Chronic Hepatitis C

This non-interventional descriptive study, was carried out in a private centre named The Liver Centre, Dhanmondi, Dhaka, between April and September, 2010. Core needle liver biopsies of fifty five patients of chronic hepatitis C were evaluated according to Knodell's histological activity index system. The patients were categorized into four subgroups depending upon the grade and stage of disease according to Desmet's classification, and into three groups according to degree of viremia. Five patients had mild viremia, 43 moderate and 7 had severe viremia. Seven patients had minimal disease, 9 mild, 22 moderate and 17 had severe chronic hepatitis. Eight patients had no fibrosis, 20 had fibrous portal expansion, 19 bridging fibrosis, and 8 patients had cirrhosis. No significant correlation was found between serum HCV RNA levels and grade or stage of the disease, with correlation coefficients of rs = -. 054 and rs = . 034 respectively. Moreover, no individual component of the HAI correlated with serum HCV RNA levels. Serum HCV RNA level does not determine the degree of hepatic injury precisely and liver biopsy is necessary to accurately evaluate the extent of liver damage. Key Words: HCV; Chronic Hepatitis; Liver Biopsy DOI: 10.3329/akmmcj.v1i2. 7460 Anwer Khan Modern Medical College Journal 2010; 1(2): 17-20
Evaluating ARM HPC clusters for scientific workloads

The power consumption of modern high‐performance computing (HPC) systems that are built using power hungry commodity servers is one of the major hurdles for achieving Exascale computation. Several efforts have been made by the HPC community to encourage the use of low‐powered system‐on‐chip (SoC) embedded processors in large‐scale HPC systems. These initiatives have successfully demonstrated the use of ARM SoCs in HPC systems, but there is still a need to analyze the viability of these systems for HPC platforms before a case can be made for Exascale computation. The major shortcomings of current ARM‐HPC evaluations include a lack of detailed insights about performance levels on distributed multicore systems and performance levels for benchmarking in large‐scale applications running on HPC. In this paper, we present a comprehensive evaluation of results that covers major aspects of server and HPC benchmarking for ARM‐based SoCs. For the experiments, we built an unconventional cluster of ARM Cortex‐A9s that is referred to as Weiser and ran single‐node benchmarks (STREAM, Sysbench, and PARSEC) and multi‐node scientific benchmarks (High‐performance Linpack (HPL), NASA Advanced Supercomputing (NAS) Parallel Benchmark, and Gadget‐2) in order to provide a baseline for performance limitations of the system. Based on the experimental results, we claim that the performance of ARM SoCs depends heavily on the memory bandwidth, network latency, application class, workload type, and support for compiler optimizations. During server‐based benchmarking, we observed that when performing memory intensive benchmarks for database transactions, x86 performed 12% better for multithreaded query processing. However, ARM performed four times better for performance to power ratios for a single core and 2.6 times better on four cores. We noticed that emulated double precision floating point in Java resulted in three to four times slower performance as compared with the performance in C for CPU‐bound benchmarks. Even though Intel x86 performed slightly better in computation‐oriented applications, ARM showed better scalability in I/O bound applications for shared memory benchmarks. We incorporated the support for ARM in the MPJ‐Express runtime and performed comparative analysis of two widely used message passing libraries. We obtained similar results for network bandwidth, large‐scale application scaling, floating‐point performance, and energy‐efficiency for clusters in message passing evaluations (NBP and Gadget 2 with MPJ‐Express and MPICH). Our findings can be used to evaluate the energy efficiency of ARM‐based clusters for server workloads and scientific workloads and to provide a guideline for building energy‐efficient HPC clusters. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Estradiol‐induced antinociceptive responses on formalin‐induced nociception are independent of COX and HPA activation

Estrogen modulates pain perception but how it does so is not fully understood. The aim of this study was to determine if estradiol reduces nociceptive responses in part via hypothalamic‐pituitary‐adrenal (HPA) axis regulation of cyclooxygenase (COX)‐1/COX‐2 activity. The first study examined the effects of estradiol (20%) or vehicle with concurrent injection nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) on formalin‐induced nociceptive responding (flinching) in ovariectomized (OVX) rats. The drugs were ibuprofen (COX‐1 and COX‐2 inhibitor), SC560 (COX‐1 inhibitor), or NS398 (COX‐2 inhibitor). In a second study, estradiol's effects on formalin‐induced nociception were tested in adrenalectomized (ADX), OVX, and ADX+OVX rats. Serum levels of prostaglandins (PG) PGE2 and corticosterone were measured. Estradiol significantly decreased nociceptive responses in OVX rats with effects during both the first and the second phase of the formalin test. The nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) did not alter nociception at the doses used here. Adrenalectomy neither altered flinching responses in female rats nor reversed estradiol‐induced antinociceptive responses. Estradiol alone had no effect on corticosterone (CORT) or prostaglandin levels after the formalin test, dissociating the effects of estradiol on behavior and these serum markers. Ibuprofen and NS398 significantly reduced PGE2 levels. CORT was not decreased by OVX surgery or by estradiol below that of ADX. Only IBU significantly increased corticosterone levels. Taken together, our results suggest that estradiol‐induced antinociception in female rats is independent of COX activity and HPA axis activation. Synapse, 2011. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Mollusk Shell Acidic Proteins: In Search of Individual Functions

Acidic proteins play a major role in the biomineralization process. These proteins are generally thought to control mineral formation and growth. Thus, characterization of individual acidic proteins is important as a first step toward linking function to individual proteins, which is our ultimate goal. In order to characterize the protein(s) responsible for the assemblage of biominerals, a new gel electrophoresis fixing and staining protocol was developed and many, if not all of the acidic proteins were visualized on the gel for the first time. In an in vitro assay we show that proteins extracted from an aragonitic shell layer induce the formation of amorphous calcium carbonate prior to its transformation into the aragonitic crystalline form. This study removes some major obstacles in the characterization of acidic proteins and sheds more light on the functions of these proteins in the biomineralization process.
Asymptotic embedding methods for parameter estimation

In this paper we present a method for the identification of a parameter q in an operator equation of the form G(q,u) = Y from the given input Y and the known quantity u. The procedure for the identification of q is based on asymptotic properties of a certain evolution system which contains the equation above as an imbedding. The main assumption that we exploit is the bilinearity of G.
Robust Morphologic Analyzer for Highly Inflected Languages

We present a multilingual robust morphologic tagger and tokenizer for highly inflected languages like Spanish, with efficient spell correction and ‘sound-like’ word inference, obtaining some semantic extraction even on parasynthetic and unknown words. This algorithm combines rules, statistical best-affix-fit along with a language estimator. A rich flag set controls the internal behaviour. The system has been designed for efficiency and low memory footprint, using data structures based on simple available affixing rules. Our system, packed with a Spanish dictionary of 83k lemmas and 5k rules, recognizes 2.2M exact words, the guessing word-space is many times this much.
Small Device for Short-Range Antenna Measurements Using Optics

This paper gives a practical solution for implementing an antenna radiation-pattern measurement device using optical fibers. It is suitable for anechoic chambers, as well as for short-range channel sounding. The device is optimized for small size, and provides a cheap and easy way to make optical antenna measurements using off-the-shelf components. Verification measurements were made to confirm the benefits.
Acidophilic Methanotrophic Communities fromSphagnum Peat Bogs

ABSTRACT Highly enriched methanotrophic communities (>25 serial transfers) were obtained from acidic ombrotrophic peat bogs from four boreal forest sites. The enrichment strategy involved using media conditions that were associated with the highest rates of methane uptake by the original peat samples, namely, the use of diluted mineral medium of low buffering capacity, moderate incubation temperature (20°C), and pH values of 3 to 6. Enriched communities contained a mixture of rod-shaped bacteria arranged in aggregates with a minor contribution ofHyphomicrobium-like cells. The growth stoichiometry of isolates was characteristic of methanotrophic bacteria (CH4/O2/CO2=1:1.1:0.59), with an average apparent yield of 0.41 ± 0.03 g of biomass C/g of CH4-C. DNA from each enrichment yielded a PCR product of the expected size with primers for both mmoX andmmoY genes of soluble methane monooxygenase. Two types of sequences were obtained for PCR-amplified fragments ofmmoX. One of them exhibited high identity to themmoX protein of the Methylocystis-Methylosinusgroup, whereas the other showed an equal level of divergence from both the Methylosinus-Methylocystis group andMethylococcus capsulatus (Bath) and formed a distinct branch. The pH optimum for growth and for CH4 uptake was 4.5 to 5.5, which is very similar to that for the optimum CH4 uptake observed in the original peat samples. These methanotrophs are moderate acidophiles rather than acidotolerant organisms, since their growth rate and methane uptake were much lower at neutral pH. The growth of the methanotrophic community was enhanced by using media with a very low salt content (20 to 200 mg/liter), more typical of their natural environment. All four enriched communities grew on N-free medium.