Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
History and definition of environmental informatics

Environmental Informatics has emerged as a research field in the 1990ies and is connected with the name and the work of Bernd Page. This article gives an overview of the history of the research field, from early ideas to an integrative methodology, showing how Environmental Informatics as a mediating discipline has developed over time in the context of changing technologies and environmental challenges.
Mining Compatibility Rules from Irregular Chinese Traditional Medicine Database by Apriori Agorithm

This paper aims to mine the knowledge and rules on compatibility of drugs from the prescriptions for curing arrhythmia in the Chinese traditional medicine database by Apriori algorithm. For data preparation, 1 113 prescriptions for arrhythmia, including 535 herbs (totally 10884 counts of herbs) were collected into the database. The prescription data were preprocessed through redundancy reduction, normalized storage, and knowledge induction according to the pretreatment demands of data mining. Then the Apriori algorithm was used to analyze the data and form the related technical rules and treatment procedures. The experimental result of compatibility of drugs for curing arrhythmia from the Chinese traditional medicine database shows that the prescription compatibility obtained by Apriori algorithm generally accords with the basic law of traditional Chinese medicine for arrhythmia. Some special compatibilities unreported were also discovered in the experiment, which may be used as the basis for developing new prescriptions for arrhythmia.
Challenging Deficit Constructions of the International Student Category in Canadian Higher Education

The trend toward internationalization on Canadian campuses has been simultaneously lauded as an opportunity for promoting campus diversity and criticized for creating a campus environment that is segregated along linguistic and ethnic lines. As a result of these tensions, students labelled as “international” have become the focus of increasing amounts of media attention. In this article, drawing on interviews with undergraduate students (n = 13) from one postsecondary Canadian institution, I examine how the seemingly neutral labels applied to diverse students, such as the category “international,” operate in talk to reproduce deficit understandings of these students, particularly in regard to their English language abilities. I then provide evidence that students also construct more positive representations of international students through references to their experiences of migration and their expertise interacting with speakers of different Englishes. I offer the notion of “language brokers” as a helpful conceptual lens for interpreting this categorization and for reflecting on the contributions that international students make to Canadian higher education. La tendance de l’internationalisation dans les universités canadiennes a simultanément été louée comme une occasion de promouvoir la diversité sur le campus et critiquée pour la ségrégation qu’elle opère dans l’environnement universitaire en fonction de l’appartenance linguistique et ethnique. Ces tensions ont pour effet d’attirer progressivement l’attention des médias sur les étudiants dits « internationaux ». Dans le présent article, je m’appuie sur des entrevues avec des étudiantes et étudiants de premier cycle (n = 13) inscrits dans un établissement postsecondaire canadien pour examiner la façon dont des étiquettes apparemment neutres accolées à des étudiants diversifiés, comme par exemple la catégorie des étudiants « internationaux », crée un langage qui reflète certains déficits de compréhension de tels étudiants, particulièrement en ce qui concerne leurs compétences linguistiques en anglais. J’apporte ensuite la preuve que les étudiants construisent également des représentations plus positives des étudiants internationaux à la lumière de leur expérience migratoire et de la compétence avec laquelle ils interagissent avec des interlocuteurs qui s’expriment dans les multiples variations de l’anglais. J’offre la notion de « courtier en langues » comme lentille conceptuelle utile pour l’interprétation de cette catégorisation et pour une réflexion sur les apports des étudiants internationaux à l’enseignement supérieur au Canada.
Machine Ethics: Frontmatter

The new field of machine ethics is concerned with giving machines ethical principles, or a procedure for discovering a way to resolve the ethical dilemmas they might encounter, enabling them to function in an ethically responsible manner through their own ethical decision making. Developing ethics for machines, in contrast to developing ethics for human beings who use machines, is by its nature an interdisciplinary endeavor. The essays in this volume represent the first steps by philosophers and artificial intelligence researchers toward explaining why it is necessary to add an ethical dimension to machines that function autonomously, what is required in order to add this dimension, philosophical and practical challenges to the machine ethics project, various approaches that could be considered in attempting to add an ethical dimension to machines, work that has been done to date in implementing these approaches, and visions of the future of machine ethics research.
WRITERS AND THEIR EDUCATION

This Special Issue provides the occasion for examinations of the conceptions, perceptions and representations of education in the lives and works of writers. In addressing this theme we interact with, and draw precedents from, a number of existing fields and areas of educational research. In making mention of the ‘lives of writers’, for example, our topic suggests some overlap with well-established fields of education research that draw on biography, life-trajectory and related work on narrative (see for example Goodson et al., 2017). In seeking to examine representations of education in the works of writers, furthermore, our theme connects to historically prominent and presently lively discussions of literary writing and its role in education (see for example the collection by Choo, 2017; Gearon and Williams, 2018). Moreover, our focus on writing and writers also relates this Special Issue to the growing body of research around writing practices in education – as borne out, for example, by the European Association for Research on Learning and Instruction (EARLI) and their Special Interest Group on Writing. Yet precedents for the themes of this Special Issue have also been set by those researching outside departments of education. Indeed, writing and writers’ education has in many ways become a matter of acute concern for those researching in fields of literature, at least over the past three decades. ‘Lifewriting’ is itself currently a burgeoning field of research in literature and the humanities (Leader, 2018a, 2018b). In broader terms, there is much interest in ‘literary lives’ amongst literary scholars, in ways that connect to debates around colonialism and imperialism (Bhabha, 2004; Said, 1994) and to the need to foster what Casanova (2007) has called a ‘world republic of letters’. In more specific terms, it is also notable that scholars in literature departments have of late been formulating new waves of advocacy for disciplines of writing, and these have often included explicit links to the role of writing in lifelong learning and non-institutional forms of education, as well as in public and political life (see for example Collini, 2017; Levenson, 2018; Nussbaum, 2012; Small, 2013). It seems, then, that the inter-relation between writing and education is a topic that is already being explored, perhaps implicitly, on a number of levels in the fields of both education and literature. Yet, prior to this Special Issue at British Journal of Educational Studies Vol. 67, No. 3, September 2019, pp. 283–289
“I never thought this could be for me”: aspirational capital, identities, and political engagement among first-generation college students in São Paulo

ABSTRACT Today, young adults from lower-income backgrounds are pursuing educational trajectories that would have been distant dreams for their parents. In many Global South countries, this expansion has followed a neoliberal logic in which private universities purport to provide students skills and increased earning capacity, and employers the necessary human capital to compete in global markets. This article examines these processes in Brazil, where federal policies have contributed to a dramatic growth in private, for-profit higher education in recent years. Building on ethnographic research in São Paulo’s expansive peripheries, our analysis examines three inter-related themes: higher education and life aspirations; intersectional identity construction; and political/community engagements. We argue that while neoliberal ideologies and policies are a key component of Brazilian higher education, many first-generation college students actively – and critically – challenge everyday oppressions and create new life possibilities in the context of enduring inequalities.
Life activity patterns of high success women.

Life Activity Patterns of High Success Women February, 1984 Marjorie L. Britt, Ed.D. , University of Massachusetts Directed by: Professor Robert L. Sinclair Much of the previous research on women as socioeconomic achievers has focused on factors over which one has no direct control. Life activity patterns are factors over which persons have control. The question then arises as to whether it is possible to identify life activity factors that are associated with high success. Even as success pro¬ files of women are studied, the disparity with men in selfearned income remains vivid. It thus also becomes important to study men of high-sucess recognition. The purpose of this study was to: (1) describe the life-activity patterns of four highly functional groups of people, high economic success women and men, non-economic success women and men; (2) assess similarities and dif¬ ferences in life activity patterns of the four groups. The sample consisted of 100 subjects. The instrument was the eco-system assessment Life Activity Record. The test of similarities and differences is a Discriminate Function Analysis using a multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA) in its simplest form, one—factor design. Basic data are
Adequacy of Reporting Results of School Surveys and Nonresponse Effects: A Review of the Literature and a Case Study

To ensure accurate interpretation of research findings, researchers should report details about their research design, data collection method, and response rates when presenting findings from survey research. A review of 100 peer-reviewed articles reporting the results of survey research on K–12 schools with principals as the designated respondents revealed that such information is often not reported. Few studies examined or even acknowledged the potentially biasing effects of nonresponse. A mail survey of 470 schools in California, which yielded a response rate of 33% (157/470), is used as a case study to evaluate the pattern of nonresponse and its effects on univariate and multivariate statistics. Consistent with prior research, nonresponse produced bias in univariate estimates, but associations between variables were robust and not affected.
A Randomized_Controlled Study of Naphthoquine and Artesunate in the Treatment of Falciparum Malaria

To evaluate the effect of naphthoquine in treating falciparum malaria, 60 patients with falciparum malaria were randomly allocated to naphthoquine group (n=30) and artesunate group (n=30) in 1997. Naphthoquine was given for 1 day with a total dose of 1000? mg and artesunate was given for 5 days with a total dose of 600? mg. The mean fever_subsidence time (MFST) was ( 29.6±16.4 )h in naphthoquine group and ( 18.3±9.0 )h in artesunate group (t= 3.25 ,P 0.01 ). The mean parasite clearance time (MPCT) was ( 98.4±27.6 )h in naphthoquine group and ( 43.0±17.1 )h in artesunate group (t= 9.46 ,P 0.01 ). The cure rate of naphthoquine group was 96.7% , higher than that of artesunate group( 73.3% ), and recrudescence rate of naphthoquine group within a follow_up period of 28 days was 3.3% , lower than that of artesunate group ( 26.7% ) (χ 2= 6.40 ,P 0.01 ). No side effects were found except that slight nausea appeared in few patients in both groups. It is concluded that naphthoquine has a shorter MFST and MPCT, and a higher cure rate as compared with artesunate.
Re-Conceptualization of Digital Divide among Primary School Children in an Era of Saturated Access to Technology

This study conceptualizes "digital divide" among school children. The concept of digital divide is elaborated on the basis of the layers of technology adoption such as "access", "effective use" and "the social envelope" around children's use of home computers. In this study, a theoretical framework of "digital divide" is proposed consisting of social, economic, individual and cultural aspects of the digital divide among children. This theoretical framework suggests that socio-economic status effect goes beyond ownership and extends into meaningful education use of home computers. We argue that inequalities among children can strongly be affected by the economic/social/cultural environment around home computing i.e. parents’ computing practices at home and the home learning environment. As a result, we argue that access to a supportive ‘social envelope’ is the area in which most digital inequalities exist rather than the physical access to the hardware or even usage time.
Consumer Attitude and Intention Relationship for Fast Food

The purpose of the research is to investigate the significance of different variables (health perception, hygiene, price) affecting consumer’s attitudes, perceptions, or preferences towards fast foods, particularly of interest are street foods. For achieving these objectives, a sample size of 150 consumers has been taken from the universities students and general people. A structured questionnaire gave to participants, and the information of this study is analyzed using SPSS. The findings of the study showed that people are very conscious about health, so consumers' attitude towards health perception significantly influences street food consumption. The study concludes that young people think fast food is dangerous for human health. The significant value of price and hygiene factors are high, so it shows that people are not affected by these factors as sometimes people have to have street foods due to time scarcity.
Reflecting on action: revisiting research, exploring sexuality and enhancing reflexively

ABSTRACT Revisiting research from an autoethnographic perspective can yield insights into researcher subjectivity, as attempts are made to consider one’s subject position and situate the whole self within the research. In this article, the researcher revisits a piece of previous research, embarking on a reflective journey which documents the learning from what became a reflexive process, informed and framed by psychosocial thinking. In exploring the subject of vulnerability, the researcher is led to interpretations of their own biography. This initially leads to an unsettled self, before culminating in a greater sense of self-awareness. In exploring a site of reflective resistance linked to the author’s sexuality, the article considers issues of identity and power, attendant to the effects of social discourse in terms of hegemonic masculinity.
Relaciones entre consumo de alcohol, empatía y prosocialidad: diferencias por sexo en adultos jóvenes argentinos

This paper analyzes the relationship between alcohol consumption, empathy and prosociality in young adults, exploring the influence of sex in these relationships. 120 university students from the cities of Parana and Santa Fe, between 18 and 30 years old (M: 24.6, SD: 2.6), were personally interviewed. Their pattern of regular alcohol consumption, the possibility of an Alcohol Use Disorder (AUD), empathy and prosociality were evaluated. To analyze the relationship between variables, Multivariate Analysis of Variance (MANOVA) was carried out. Women reported lower alcohol consumption and showed less AUDs than that showed by men. In addition, they obtained higher scores in the tests of empathy and prosocial behavior. Together, Empathy and prosociality explained 32% of the variance in the AUDs. However, the relationships between AUDs and empathy showed particularities by sex.
Exploring PDA Usage by Iranian Residents and Interns: A Qualitative Study

Background and Objectives: Clinicians in many countries increasingly use Personal Digital Assistant (PDA) as an assisting tool in clinical practice. The pattern of PDA usage by clinicians in Iran has not been characterized. This study explored the attitudes of Iranian residents and interns toward medical uses of PDA. Methods: An interview-based qualitative study was carried out in 2011. A purposive sampling method was adopted. Interviews were conducted with 11 interns and 10 residents at two teaching hospitals affiliated to Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS). Data was collected using semi-structured questions. Constant Comparative Analysis was used for data analysis. Findings: All surveyed clinicians used the PDA in medical applications. Usage themes were decision support resources (95%), drug references (76%), electronic books (72%), web browsing (48%), medical dictionaries (38%), anatomy and medical atlases (33%), and laboratory applications (19%). UpToDate® was by far the premier decision support resource used by subjects. iPharm® and Lexi-drugs® were the most-referred-to pharmaceutical guides. Google was the only search engine for online information retrieval. Clinicians expressed their highest satisfaction with decision support resources and e-books. Conclusions: Within its limitations, this study indicated that the most frequent medical usages of PDA are those more directly associated with patient care (decision support resources and drug references). This finding encourages further large-scale studies to examine whether a similar practice pattern is prevalent among Iranian clinicians and to which extent it influences patient outcome. If a high prevalence and high impact is revealed, the barriers to PDA use by clini cians should be identified and overcome.
Increasing Prevalence of Obesity Related Disease for Koreans Associated with Overweight and Obesity

Objective : To develop a boner understanding of the relationship between weight status and the prevalence of obesity related diseases in the Korean population. Methods : The 1998 Korean National Health and Nutrition Survey was used and 10,880 persons who had previously taken health examinations were selected for study. The Korean Society for the Study of Obesity's classification of weight status was used. Hypertension, diabetes mellitus, dyslipidemia, osteoarthritis, chronic heart disease, stroke were included as obesity related disease. A logistic regression model was developed to estimate the prevalence odds ratio by obesity class adjusted for demographic and socioeconomic factors and we converted the odds ratio to a prevalence ratio using the base line prevalence of disease to aid in the interpretation of the ratios. Results : The prevalence of obesity was 26.3% based on the KSSO classification . A graded increase in the prevalence ratio was observed with increasing severity of overweight and obesity for all health outcomes with the exception of chronic heart disease in men and stroke in both men and women. With normal weight individuals as the reference, for men who were younger than 50 years, the prevalence ratios were highest for hypertension BMI: 4.83(95% CI=3.70-5.84). The prevalence ratios for dyslipidemia were as high as hypertension, but were lower than hypertension for diabetes mellitus and osteoarthritis. Prevalence ratios generally were greater in younger adults. The prevalence of having 2 or more obesity related diseases increased with weight status category, except in people who were older than 50 years. Conclusions : Based on results, obesity is an increasingly important health problem in Korea and the disease burden increases according to weight status. For Korean adults, the strongest relationship was seen between weight status and hypertension and dyslipidemia. In older people the impact of excess weight and obesity is stronger than that seen in younger people. Increased efforts in the study of obesity and prevention and treatment of obesity and obesity related disease are required.
Using Assistive Technology Tools to Support Learning in the Inclusive Preschool Classroom

For over a century, early childhood experts have discussed the importance of play for young children’s growth and development. Play is critical for the development of young children as it increases learning (Barton, 2015), supports young children in gaining social and communication skills (Dennis & Stockall, 2015), and leads to social awareness and empathy skills (Brown, 2009). However, for young children with disabilities, accessing play and social interactions can prove to be challenging (Fallon & MacCobb, 2013). In order to support preschoolers with disabilities in learning through play, the authors recommend the use of assistive technologies (AT) for (a) communication, (b) mobility, and (c) independence. This article presents information about specific assistive technology devices and supports in each of these three areas.
PENGEMBANGAN LEMBAR KERJA SISWA (LKS) DENGAN MODEL DISCOVERY LEARNING PADA POKOK BAHASAN TITRASI ASAM BASA

ABSTRAKPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk: (1) mendeskripsikan karakteristik, (2) validitas, dan (3) keterbacaan Lembar Kerja Siswa (LKS) dengan model dscovery learning pada pokok bahasan titrasi asam basa. Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian pengembangan dengan tahapan penelitian yang diadaptasi oleh Sugiyono. Tahap penelitian yang dilakukan adalah pengumpulan data, desain produk, validasi desain, revisi desain, uji coba lapangan terbatas, dan revisi produk. LKS yang dikembangkan terdiri dari dua subtopik bahasan yaitu titrasi asam basa dan kurva titrasi. Karakteristik LKS dengan model discovery learning pada pokok bahasan titrasi asam basa, yaitu (1) menggunakan sintak discovery learning dan (2) menyajikan fenomena/gambar yang spesifik. Validasi LKS melibatkan satu orang ahli isi, satu orang ahli desain dan media pembelajaran, satu orang ahli bahasa, dan satu orang praktisi. Uji coba terbatas melibatkan 9 siswa kelas XI SMAN 2 Negara. Hasil validasi menunjukkan bahwa LKS yang dikembangkan telah memenuhi kategori valid. Berdasarkan hasil uji keterbacaan oleh siswa diperoleh tingkat keterbacaan yang baik. Kata kunci: discovery learning, lembar kerja siswa, titrasi asam basa. ABSTRACT This study aimed to (1) describe the characteristics, (2) the validity, and (3) the readability of Student Worksheets (LKS) with discovery learning models in the acid base titration topic. This type of research is research and development with the research stages adapted by Sugiyono. The stages of the research conducted are data collection, product design, design validation, design revision, limited field trials, and product revisions. The developed worksheet consisted of two subtopics, namely acid base titration and titration curve. Characteristics of LKS with discovery learning models in the acid base titration topic, namely (1) using discovery learning syntax and (2) presenting a specific phenomenon/image. LKS validation involves one content expert, one design and learning media expert, one linguist, and one practitioner. Limited trials involving 9 students of class XI of SMAN 2 Negara. The validation results show that the developed LKS has meets the valid category. Based on the results of the readability test by students obtained a good level. Keywords: acid base titration, discovery learning student worksheets.