Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Detailed stratigraphic correlation of the Neogene sedimentary sequences on the Ontong Java Plateau by well logging; ODP Sites 803, 805, 806, 807, and DSDP Site 586

We used well logs, in some cases combined with shipboard physical properties measurements to make more complete profiles and to correlate between sites on the Ontong Java Plateau. By comparing sediment bulk density, velocity, and resistivity logs from adjacent holes at the same site, we showed that even subtle features of the well logs are reproducible and are caused by variations in sedimentation. With only minor amounts of biostratigraphic information, we could readily correlate these sedimentary features across the entire top of the Ontong Java Plateau, demonstrating that for most of the Neogene the top of the plateau is a single sedimentary province. We found it more difficult, but still possible, to correlate in detail sites from the top of the plateau to those drilled on the flanks. The pattern of sedimentation rate variation down the flank of the plateau cannot be interpreted as simply controlled by dissolution. Site 805, in particular, oscillates between accumulating sediment at roughly the same rate as cores on top of the Ontong Java Plateau, and accumulating sediment as slowly as Site 803, 200 m deeper in the water column. These oscillations do not match earlier reconstructions of central Pacific carbonate compensation depth variations.
Some New Technologies

In response to a request from the U.S. Army Research Institute ARI), the National Research Council (NRC) formed a committee to undertake preliminary study of the development of the major new technologies in gnitive psychophysiology. The task of the committee was to examine four ichnologies: (1) event-related brain potentials (ERPs), (2) the magnetoenc ihalogram (MEG), (3) the brain-imaging techniques of positron emission imography (PET) and magnetic resonance image (MRI), and (4) the approach sed on studying patients with brain lesions or damage. For each technolog the committee identified critical problems that must be resolved if irther progress is to be made; estimated the likelihood that such progress Subject Terms: brain; cognitive therapy; sarning; physiological psychology;MRI; PET; :P; MEG; Magnetic resonance image; positron lission tomography 15. Number Of Pages: 90
On the size-luminosity relation of AGN dust tori in the mid-infrared

Context. Interferometric measurements in the mid-infrared have shown that the sizes of the warm dust distributions in active galactic nuclei (AGN) are consistent with their scaling with the square root of their luminosity. Aims. We carry out a more detailed analysis of this size-luminosity relation to investigate which of the general properties of the dusty tori in AGN can be derived from this relation. We are especially interested in the cases, where only a very small number of interferometric measurements are available and the sizes are directly calculated from the measured visibilities assuming a Gaussian brightness distribution. Methods. We improve the accuracy of the size-luminosity relation by adding a few additional size measurements from more recent interferometric observations and compare the measured sizes to those derived from hydrodynamical and radiative transfer models of AGN tori. Results. We find that a Gaussian approximation yields a reasonable estimate of the size of the brightness distribution, as long as the visibilities are within 0.2 ≤ V ≤ 0.9. The uncertainty in the size estimate depends on the true brightness distribution and is up to a factor of four for the models used in our investigation. The size estimates derived from the models are consistent with those determined from the measurements. However, the models predict a significant offset between the sizes derived for face-on (Seyfert 1 case) and edge-on (Seyfert 2 case) tori: the face-on tori should appear significantly more compact for the same luminosity. This offset is not observed in the current data, probably because of the large uncertainties and low statistics of the present interferometric measurements. Furthermore, we find a ratio of the mid- to near-infrared sizes of approximately 30, whereas the first probes the body of the torus and the second is an estimate of the inner rim. Conclusions. The size-luminosity relation of AGN tori using Gaussian size estimates is a very simple and effective tool to investigate the internal structure and geometry of AGN tori and obtain constraints on the differences between type 1 and type 2 AGN. However, to fully exploit the possibilities of investigating the nuclear distributions of gas and dust in AGN using this size-luminosity relation, more accurate interferometric measurements of a larger sample of AGN are needed.
Poverty Alleviation Based On Economic Literacy And Social Capital In Improving Economic Welfare In Coastal Communities North Minahasa Regency, North Sulawesi Provence, Indonesia

The research problem is related to the economic welfare of coastal communities who are fishermen. The fundamental thing of this research is that poverty from the fishermen's household community is thought to be caused by inability to manage income and lack of horizontal relations between fellow communities. So that underlies various research findings, providing space for the concept of economic literacy and social capital can explain its influence on the economic welfare of the community. This research generally attempts to produce new methods and theories and policies in addressing the problems of coastal communities.This study aims to: 1). Analyzing and explaining partially the influence of economic literacy and social capital on the economic welfare of coastal communities; and 2). Analyze and explain simultaneously the influence of economic literacy and social capital on the economic welfare of coastal communities. The population in this study were all coastal communities (fishing communities) in North Minahasa Regency,North Sulawesi province,Indonesia. Number of samples from the calculation through the formula of Daniel and Terrel obtained 100 respondents. Sampling using purposive sampling technique. And data analysis using multiple regression, with SPSS application. The findings of this study indicate that: 1). economic literacy has a significant effect on economic prosperity; 2). social capital has a significant effect on economic welfare; 3). economic literacy and social capital have a significant effect on economic prosperity
New Formulation for the Matrix Roots with Multiple Eigenvalues

The computation of the roots of matrices arises in control theory, nuclear magnetic resonance, lattice quantum chromo-dynamics (QCD) and other areas of applications. It is possible to approximate the matrix roots by exploiting ‘fundamental formula’ i.e. linear combination of constituent matrices. In this work, we will modify the method for computing either matrix roots or matrix inverse roots for n n  real matrix A with multiple eigenvalues and no eigenvalues in   . Furthermore, the error of the proposed scheme by employing some numerical experiments will be compared with other well-known methods to illustrate the properties of the modified method.
New bounds for the sum of powers of normalized Laplacian eigenvalues of graphs

For a simple and connected graph, a new graph invariant s α * ( G ) , defined as the sum of α powers of the eigenvalues of the normalized Laplacian matrix, has been introduced by Bozkurt and Bozkurt (2012). Lower and upper bounds for this index have been proposed by the authors. In this paper, we localize the eigenvalues of the normalized Laplacian matrix by adapting a theoretical method, proposed in Bianchi and Torriero (2000), based on majorization techniques. Through this approach we derive upper and lower bounds of s α * ( G ) . Some numerical examples show how sharper results can be obtained with respect to those existing in literature.
Raising cultural awareness for local tradition trough festival tourism

Worldwide, festivals and local special events are used as key elements within regional development strategies. Festivals and local special events are widely acknowledged to make an important contribution to the economic development of their local areas, as they provide opportunities for tourism promotion, commercial outcomes and increased inward investment in host regions (Getz 2007; Van de Wagen 2005) and contribute to the extension of the tourism season (Huang et al. 2010; Boo and Busser 2006; Kotler et al. 1993; Mehmetoglu and Ellingsen 2005) . However, the question of their contribution to the conservation of cultural heritage and traditions through an interpretation in tourism also requires attention. In the paper, the approach of cultural profiles is implemented as a tool to raise the awareness for local tradition, being presented on local festival. In this regard , based on a survey among organizers of festivals , local entrepreneurs participating in festivals and tourists visiting them the degree of authenticity of local traditions in South Bulgaria was estimated. With the main purpose – establishment and expansion of opportunities for sustainable economic, social and cultural development of those regions, preserving and handing the existing heritage to future generations . Normal 0 21 false false false BG X-NONE X-NONE
Accurate Tropospheric Correction for Local GPS Monitoring Networks With Large Height Differences

Tropospherically induced distortions of point coordinates are still a major error source when using GPS for high precision geodetic monitoring applications. Using data from a local GPS landslide monitoring network (height differences up to 900 m), we found that the apparent height variations caused by residual tropospheric propagation effects can reach up to 6 cm if only a priori tropospheric models are applied. This is an order of magnitude worse than the required accuracy of better than 0.5 cm. It can be shown that the apparent height variations in each monitoring station depend linearly on the height difference with respect to the stable reference station. This proportionality is the key and the starting point for the development of the correction models. We discuss two approaches to mitigate such errors, one in the observation domain and one in the coordinate domain. Both approaches exploit the height dependence of the relative tropospheric delay among stations subject to the same atmospheric conditions. The results show that both approaches reduce most of the bias of the height component, e.g., typical long periodic distortions of up to 6 cm during 3 hours are reduced to less than 1cm. This is a reduction of over 80%.
The economics of global LNG trade: the case of Atlantic and Pacific inter-basin arbitrage in 2010-2014

Abstract We examine the economic and strategic implications for gas supply security and diversity of Europe’s reliance on global LNG markets. In particular, we carry out a detailed assessment of LNG trade between Atlantic and Pacific basins in 2011-2014, focusing on why there was not as much LNG arbitrage as might have been expected given the large price differential between these two regions in that period. By explicitly modelling a counterfactual scenario, in which LNG can be diverted to follow price differentials between Europe and Asia, we found that: (a) it is not the demand shock in Asia (driven by the Fukushima incident) per se but the high oil price in that period, as well as decoupling of European spot prices from oil-linked contract prices that created the huge natural gas price differentials between Asia and Europe; (b) amongst the largest LNG suppliers who could arbitrage between the Atlantic and Pacific regions, Qatar would have received the highest net benefit from diverting cargoes to Asia, however, these benefits are highly sensitive to the possibility of contract price renegotiations with Asian buyers (similar to what happened to large pipeline gas suppliers in Europe in the recent past); (c) furthermore, diverting contractual volumes from Europe to Asia would have required lengthy negotiations with European buyers who, as our modelling results suggest, did not necessarily have compelling commercial interests in sending contractual cargoes to Asia after taking into account that the surplus of LNG created in North-West Europe allowed these buyers to reduce high oil-linked contract prices with traditional pipeline suppliers. Thus, contrary to the currently prevailing view that European importers have largely ‘overinvested’ in LNG import capacity, these investments should be seen as a strategic bargaining option that European importers have developed to counterbalance the otherwise potentially larger pricing power of pipeline suppliers. Thus, investment in LNG import capacity reduces the need to invest in ‘strategic and special relationship’ with traditional suppliers to ensure against ‘unfair’ pricing practices.
Sugarcane root length density and distribution from root intersection counting on a trench-profile

A densidade de comprimento de raizes (DCR) e uma caracteristica importante para determinar o potencial de absorcao de agua e nutrientes das plantas, mas e dificil de ser medida. Nenhum metodo padrao esta atualmente disponivel para avaliar a DCR no solo. Neste estudo, um metodo in situ usado em outras culturas para estudo da densidade de comprimento e distribuicoes das raizes foi testado para a cana-de-acucar (Saccharum spp.). O metodo envolveu contagem de interseccoes de raizes (CIR) no perfil de um Latossolo Vermelho eutroferrico, usando grade com quadriculas de 0.05 x 0.05 m, modelizando a DCR a partir da CIR. Os resultados foram comparados com o metodo do trado cilindrico (TRA) (volume de 0.00043 m-3). Em quatro epocas durante o ciclo em tres manejos do solo (plantio convencional, cultivo minimo e plantio direto), em oito profundidades divididas a cada 0.1 m (entre 0 - 0.6 e 1.6 - 1.8 m) e tres distâncias horizontais em relacao a linha de plantio (0 - 0.23, 0.23 - 0.46 e 0.46 - 0.69 m), os metodos TRA e CIR apresentaram resultados de DCR similares. Encontrou-se positiva entre TRA e CIR (R2 = 0,76). As DCRs nos perfis, considerando as medias das tres distâncias da linha por profundidade, obtida utilizando-se de TRA e CIR (media de quatro datas e 12 repeticoes), foram proximas e nao diferiram a cada 0.1 m de profundidade ate 0.6 m de profundidade. A DCR total entre 0 e 0.6 m foi de 7.300 e 7.100 m m-2 para TRA e CIR, respectivamente. Para o tempo de realizacao, o metodo CIR foi 10 vezes mais rapido do que TRA e o metodo CIR pode ser realizado no campo, sem necessidade de remover amostras de solo. A distribuicao da DCR em profundidade e distância da linha (variabilidade 2D) pelo metodo CIR pode ser avaliada em relacao as propriedades do solo nos mesmos perfis do solo. O metodo CIR foi apropriado para estudos dessas relacoes 2D (profundidade e distância da linha no perfil do solo) entre solo, manejo e distribuicao de raizes no campo.
New Examples of Stable Bundles on Calabi-Yau Threefolds

In this paper we present a construction of stable bundles on Calabi-Yau threefolds using the method of bundle extensions. This construction applies to any given Calabi-Yau threefold with h^{1,1}>1. We give examples of stable bundles of rank 2 and 4 constructed out of pure geometric data of the given Calabi-Yau space. As an application, we find that some of these bundles satisfy the physical constraint imposed by heterotic string anomaly cancellation.
Inductor Losses Estimation in DC-DC Converters by Means of Averaging Technique

A suitable inductor modeling for power electronic DC-DC converters is presented in this paper. It is developed with the aim of improving inductor losses estimation achievable by averaged models, which inherently neglect inductor current ripple. In order to account for its contribution to the overall inductor losses, an appropriate parallel resistance is thus enclosed into the inductor model, whose value should be chosen in accordance with the DC-DC converter operating conditions. This allows the development of improved averaged models of DC-DC converters, especially in terms of power losses estimation. The effectiveness of the proposed modeling approach has been validated through a simulation study, which refers to the case of a boost DC-DC converter and is performed by means of a suitable circuit simulator designed for rapid modelling of switching power systems (SIMetrix/SIMPLIS).
Does historical VIX term structure contain valuable information for predicting VIX futures

We suggest that the term structure of VIX futures shows a clear pattern of dependence on the current level of VIX index. At the low levels of VIX (below 20), the term structure is highly upward sloping, while at the high VIX levels (over 30) it is strongly downward sloping. We use these features to predict future VIX futures prices more precisely. We begin by introducing some quantitative measures of volatility term structure ( VTS ) and volatility risk premium ( VRP ). We use them further to estimate the distance between the actual value and the fair (model) value of the VTS . We find that this distance has significant predictive power for volatility futures and index futures and we use this feature to design simple strategies to invest in VIX futures.
A geometric algorithm for the computation of the constant-orientation workspace of 6-RUS parallel manipulators

This paper presents a geometric algorithm for the computation of the constant-orientation workspace of 6RUSparallel manipulators. While the basic philosophy of this algorithm is not new, the proposed computational process involving surface intersections is original and is the major contribution of the paper. Particularly, an analytic description of the points that constitute the edges of the constant-orientation workspace is presented. The latter is done through a new algorithm for the computation of the intersection points between a general torus and a circle.
The development of sexual differences in body size in Odonata in relation to mating systems

Adult body size is the result of important environmental, maternal and/or genetic effects acting on animals during devel- opment. Here we investigate how sexual size dimorphism (SSD) develops in seven species of Odonata: Anax imperator, Cordule- gaster boltonii, Onychogomphus uncatus, Oxygastra curtisii (Anisoptera), Cercion lindeni, Ischnura graellsii and Platycnemis acutipennis (Zygoptera). SSD of both the last larval and adult stages of the same individuals, which were reared under laboratory conditions, was measured. The aims were to investigate (i) whether SSD develops during the larval stage, (ii) the direction of larval and adult SSD, and (iii) whether the direction of adult SSD can be predicted by the mating system of a given species (e.g. males of territorial species being larger than females and the opposite for non-territorial species). We found that although larval differences in size may be present between the sexes, these are not necessarily shown in the adult stage (they may change or disappear). Also, the mating system was not related to patterns of adult SSD. Differences in SSD in larvae may be caused by differential use of resources via differential niche-utilisation or sex-specific growth patterns. We highlight the fact that sexual selection favouring large male size and fecundity selection, which selects for large females may be acting on the observed patterns in SSD in adults.
Corruption and Agricultural Trade

Using a gravity model framework this paper examines the effect of corruption on bi- lateral agricultural trade. This is the first cross-country study in the trade literature to examine the relationship between corruption and agricultural trade. The article uses five-year panel data from 2006 to 2010 and corrects for sample-selection bias. It also uses an instrumental variable approach for addressing endogeneity concerns. The study provides evidence that corruption can be trade-taxing when the protection level is low, but with the degree of protection higher than a threshold level, it becomes trade-enhancing. The results are robust for different measures of corruption.
WHO IS MOST RESPONSIBLE FOR ENSURING THE MEAT WE EAT IS SAFE

We report results of an analysis of the attribution of relative responsibility across the stages of the food chain for ensuring food safety. Specifically, we identify perceptions of the share of the overall responsibility that each stage in the food chain has to ensure that the meat people cook and eat at home does not cause them to become ill. Results are reported for two groups of stakeholders: consumers and farmers, and for two types of meat: chicken and beef. The stakeholders’ opinions regarding the relative degrees of responsibility of the sequential food chain stages (feed supplier, farmer, livestock transportation, abattoir,… consumer) are elicited via surveys using the Maximum Difference technique (best-worst scaling). The data are analyzed using mixed logit models estimated via Bayesian techniques. We find that consumers and farmers both tend to allocate a relatively low share of responsibility to their own food safety role. So, consumes tend to think farmers are more responsible for ensuring meat safety than farmers do. Similarly, farmers tend to think consumers have a greater degree of responsibility than consumers themselves believe. Thus, there is a consistent pattern of downplaying the extent of one’s own responsibility. Further, consumers tend to allocate the highest shares of responsibility to the middle stages of the meat food chain. This contrasts with farmers who tend to allocate the highest shares of responsibility to the latter stages of the chain towards consumers, believing that the earlier stages of the chain (until the livestock arrive at the abattoir) have a relatively low share of responsibility. In the conclusion, we elaborate on the implications of our findings for further research into food safety economics.
Arctic warming induced by the Laurentide Ice Sheet topography

Abstract. It is well known that ice sheet–climate feedbacks are essential for realistically simulating the spatiotemporal evolution of continental ice sheets over glacial–interglacial cycles. However, many of these feedbacks are dependent on the ice sheet thickness, which is poorly constrained by proxy data records. For example, height estimates of the Laurentide Ice Sheet (LIS) topography at the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM; ∼ 21 000 years ago) vary by more than 1 km among different ice sheet reconstructions. In order to better constrain the LIS elevation it is therefore important to understand how the mean climate is influenced by elevation discrepancies of this magnitude. Here we use an atmospheric circulation model coupled to a slab-ocean model to analyze the LGM surface temperature response to a broad range of LIS elevations (from 0 to over 4 km). We find that raising the LIS topography induces a widespread surface warming in the Arctic region, amounting to approximately 1.5 ∘C per km of elevation increase, or about 6.5 ∘C for the highest LIS. The warming is attributed to an increased poleward energy flux by atmospheric stationary waves, amplified by surface albedo and water vapor feedbacks, which account for about two-thirds of the total temperature response. These results suggest a strong feedback between continental-scale ice sheets and the Arctic temperatures that may help constrain LIS elevation estimates for the LGM and explain differences in ice distribution between the LGM and earlier glacial periods.