Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Multi-Subspace Neural Network for Image Recognition

In image classification task, feature extraction is always a big issue. Intra-class variability increases the difficulty in designing the extractors. Furthermore, hand-crafted feature extractor cannot simply adapt new situation. Recently, deep learning has drawn lots of attention on automatically learning features from data. In this study, we proposed multi-subspace neural network (MSNN) which integrates key components of the convolutional neural network (CNN), receptive field, with subspace concept. Associating subspace with the deep network is a novel designing, providing various viewpoints of data. Basis vectors, trained by adaptive subspace self-organization map (ASSOM) span the subspace, serve as a transfer function to access axial components and define the receptive field to extract basic patterns of data without distorting the topology in the visual task. Moreover, the multiple-subspace strategy is implemented as parallel blocks to adapt real-world data and contribute various interpretations of data hoping to be more robust dealing with intra-class variability issues. To this end, handwritten digit and object image datasets (i.e., MNIST and COIL-20) for classification are employed to validate the proposed MSNN architecture. Experimental results show MSNN is competitive to other state-of-the-art approaches.
Morality in everyday life

Moral homeostasis in real life vs. the lab Individuals who witnessed a moral deed are more likely than nonwitnesses to perform a moral deed themselves and are also more likely to allow themselves to act immorally. Hofmann et al. asked smartphone users to report their encounters with morality (see the Perspective by Graham). Most moral judgment experiments are lab-based and don't allow for conclusions based on what people experience in their daily lives. This field experiment revealed that people experience moral events frequently in daily life. A respondent's ideology influenced the kind of event reported and the frequency, which is consistent with moral foundations theory. Science, this issue p. 1340; see also p. 1242 Seeing, performing, or receiving a moral act influences how people behave later that day. [Also see Perspective by Graham] The science of morality has drawn heavily on well-controlled but artificial laboratory settings. To study everyday morality, we repeatedly assessed moral or immoral acts and experiences in a large (N = 1252) sample using ecological momentary assessment. Moral experiences were surprisingly frequent and manifold. Liberals and conservatives emphasized somewhat different moral dimensions. Religious and nonreligious participants did not differ in the likelihood or quality of committed moral and immoral acts. Being the target of moral or immoral deeds had the strongest impact on happiness, whereas committing moral or immoral deeds had the strongest impact on sense of purpose. Analyses of daily dynamics revealed evidence for both moral contagion and moral licensing. In sum, morality science may benefit from a closer look at the antecedents, dynamics, and consequences of everyday moral experience.
Performance comparison of probe-fed polygonal patch antennas for L-band applications

An analysis to investigate the performance of various polygonal shaped patch antennas is presented here in this paper. The comparative analysis is based on the simulation results generated by full wave simulation software CST MWS®. Basic polygonal patch antennas with patch geometries such as triangle, rectangle, pentagon and hexagon are simulated and compared with the circular radiator as well to understand the behavior and performance of low profile antennas fed with a probe. The coordinates of feed point lie at the midpoint of the circumradius in all patch geometries and are varied angularly for half a sector of each polygon to optimize performance within L-band. Simulated analysis and comparison of the polygonal patch antennas demonstrate that decreasing the number of edges spreads the operating band. The triangular and hexagonal patch antenna yields impedance bandwidth of 0.79% and 2.8% centered at 1.5 GHz respectively. The polygonal shaped patch antennas are designed for requirements for L-band applications.
Anti-inflammatory, free radical scavenging and calcium antagonist activities of corchorus fascicularis lam. crude extract

The plants of genus Corchorus have a folkloric repute to possess anti-inflammatory activity. The crude ethanolic extract of Corchorus fascicularis Lam. (CFE) was screened for presence of anti-inflammatory, free radical scavenging and calcium channel blocking (CCB) activities to validate its vernacular use. The 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) assay was used to assess free radical scavenging activity, anti-inflammatory potential was estimated through inhibitory effect on carrageenin-induced rat paw edema, whereas calcium channel blocking (CCB) effect was explored on isolated rabbit jejunum preparations. The CFE (50 and 100 mg/kg) administration resulted in a significant (P < 0.05) decrease in rat paw edema similar to aspirin, while a concentration-dependant (IC50: 95.91 ± 3.07 μg/ml) inhibition of DPPH was achieved in a manner comparable to propylgallate (standard). The CCB-like effect was evidenced as CFE exhibited a concentration-dependant (0.01–1 mg/ml) non-specific relaxant effect in rabbit jejunum, which was supported further by a rightward shift of the Ca concentration-response curves, similar to verapamil. These results indicated presence of free radical scavenging, anti-inflammatory and CCB activities in Corchorus fascicularis and may be attributed to the possible presence of flavonoids and tannins among the plant constituents. The present study thus validates the folkloric use of Corchorus fascicularis in inflammatory diseases.
Performance of MIMO-FQPSK receiver with MLSE

In this paper, we consider multiple input multiple output Feher-patented quadrature phase shift keying (MIMO-FQPSK) system supporting high spectral efficiency and throughput. Based on the fact that the complex baseband signal sampled at every bit duration has only 8 phase values and its signal can be considered as 8-phase-shift keying (8-PSK) signal, FQPSK demodulation with maximum likelihood sequence estimation (MLSE) is considered and it is extended to MIMO system. The performance of MIMO-FQPSK receiver is analyzed by computer simulation and by considering the union upper bounds for zero forcing (ZF) detection.
Electron microscopy after rapid freezing on a metal surface and substitution fixation

A method for rapid freezing is described in which use is made of the good heat conducting properties of silver. The freezing was accomplished by bringing the tissue in contact with a polished silver surface at the temperature of liquid nitrogen either at atmospheric or reduced pressure. Helium gas flowing over this surface prevented the condensation of water or air on the silver. After freezing the tissue was placed in a substituting solvent. The best results were obtained with 2% osmium tetroxide in acetone at −85°C. The ultrastructure of the tissue was well preserved in a narrow surface layer only.
Augmented inverted indexes to track causality in eventually consistent data stores

We propose a novel algorithm for providing highly-available and fault-tolerant distributed search queries in a Dynamo-inspired distributed data store. It leverages the use of advanced causality tracking mechanisms to allow quorum reads of an inverted index, while maintaining the ability to reason about the correct response. This algorithm improves on existing distributed search mechanisms by providing higher availability in the event of failures, given the use of multiple replicas.
New approach for industrial robot controller user interface

In this paper the main focus is on the user interfaces available for robot controllers and how they comply with the requirements of flexibility. An overview is given of the most important robot manufacturers teach pendant interfaces. The conclusion is that the process of creating customized user interfaces is still complicated and the how-to is unclear. We introduce the concept of flexible user interface based on service oriented robot cell operation. In order to offer more user friendly solutions industrial robot systems should use human-centred approach. Service oriented robot cell operation creates an abstract level for human robot interaction which is adapted to human cognition. A flexible graphical user interface is the final link between the robot cell and the operator, which offers a solution for issues faced in creation of customized user interfaces by its flexibility. One implementation called FlexGui is described in details and the most important features are demonstrated in a case study.
Human secretory immunoglobulin A may contribute to biofilm formation in the gut

It is critical, both for the host and for the long‐term benefit of the bacteria that colonize the gut, that bacterial overgrowth with subsequent bacterial translocation, which may lead to sepsis and death of the host, be avoided. Secretory IgA (sIgA) is known to be a key factor in this process, agglutinating bacteria and preventing their translocation in a process termed ‘immune exclusion’. To determine whether human sIgA might facilitate the growth of normal enteric bacteria under some conditions, the growth of human enteric bacteria on cultured, fixed human epithelial cells was evaluated in the presence of sIgA or various other proteins. Human sIgA was found to facilitate biofilm formation by normal human gut flora and by Escherichia coli on cultured human epithelial cell surfaces under conditions in which non‐adherent bacteria were repeatedly washed away. In addition, the presence of sIgA resulted in a 64% increase in adherence of E. coli to live cultured epithelial cells over a 45‐min period. Mucin, another defence factor thought to play a key role in immune exclusion, was found to facilitate biofilm formation by E. coli. Our findings suggest that sIgA may contribute to biofilm formation in the gut.
PERSPECTIVE - Toward a Behavioral Theory of Strategy

This paper offers an analytical structure to pinpoint the behavioral roots of superior performance, where “behavioral” denotes “being about mental processes. ” Such roots are identified in behavioral deviations from market efficiency. The causes of these deviations are behavioral factors that bound firms' ability to pursue and compete for superior opportunities. Because these bounds are systematic and diffused among firms, they ensure that latent opportunities are not competed away. In this setting, the behavioral bases of superior performance stem from a superior ability to overcome focal behavioral bounds. This analytical structure is used to identify the mental processes especially important to firm performance that strategic leaders can reliably manage. Its key insight is that superior opportunities are cognitively distant. They rarely correspond to common ways of thinking. The reason for this is that it is necessary to overcome strong behavioral bounds to pursue these opportunities. This insight contrasts with mainstream behavioral approaches to strategy, which focus on the virtues of local action, and it has two implications: the behavioral essence of superior performance corresponds to strategic leaders' superior ability to manage the mental processes necessary to pursue cognitively distant opportunities; and pursuing the cognitively distant implies a more expansive conception of strategic agency (e.g., the role of strategic leaders) than is acknowledged by mainstream behavioral approaches to strategy. The challenges posed by this conception require a model of human cognition that goes beyond the understanding of bounded rationality that is diffused in current behavioral strategy research. The second part of the paper assesses the traits of a model of human mind that can support the behavioral conception of strategic agency advocated and proposes a unified model of the human mind that centers on associative processes.
Extending the Machine Learning Abstraction Boundary: A Complex Systems Approach to Incorporate Societal Context

Machine learning (ML) fairness research tends to focus primarily on mathematically-based interventions on often opaque algorithms or models and/or their immediate inputs and outputs. Such oversimplified mathematical models abstract away the underlying societal context where ML models are conceived, developed, and ultimately deployed. As fairness itself is a socially constructed concept that originates from that societal context along with the model inputs and the models themselves, a lack of an in-depth understanding of societal context can easily undermine the pursuit of ML fairness. In this paper, we outline three new tools to improve the comprehension, identification and representation of societal context. First, we propose a complex adaptive systems (CAS) based model and definition of societal context that will help researchers and product developers to expand the abstraction boundary of ML fairness work to include societal context. Second, we introduce collaborative causal theory formation (CCTF) as a key capability for establishing a sociotechnical frame that incorporates diverse mental models and associated causal theories in modeling the problem and solution space for ML-based products. Finally, we identify community based system dynamics (CBSD) as a powerful, transparent and rigorous approach for practicing CCTF during all phases of the ML product development process. We conclude with a discussion of how these systems theoretic approaches to understand the societal context within which sociotechnical systems are embedded can improve the development of fair and inclusive ML-based products.
Three Generations of Ongoing Controversies Concerning the Use of Short Acting Beta-Agonist Therapy in Asthma: A Review

An increase in asthma mortality in 1960s noted by British authors stirred a debate about the use of beta-adrenergic therapy that has persisted in the medical literature. The cause appears to be isoproterenol and fenoterol overuse. A second debate evolved around the possible deleterious, pro-inflammatory effects, of the albuterol distomer. Most clinical studies showed improved bronchodilatation, but limited benefits from using levalbuterol. Recently, genotyping has uncovered a single nucleotide polymorphism at codon 16 that appears to affect the long term response to both regular and as needed use of albuterol, calling for a new genotype based therapeutic approach in asthma.
Critical concentration in percolating systems containing a high-aspect-ratio filler.

We examine the percolation threshold for composites made by dispersing anisometric, single-crystal graphite flakes in either an epoxy resin or a polyurethane polymer matrix. Analysis is based on empirical and excluded-volume approaches and the results are compared with a similar treatment using literature data of carbon-fiber based composites. \textcopyright{} 1996 The American Physical Society.
The HF epidemic: The need for new treatment strategies

Summary The incidence of heart failure is increasing, particularly in older patients. Clinical trials often do not reflect community practice where patients are older and have more co-morbid conditions. Therapeutic agents need to be at least neutral in their effects on these other conditions. Current therapy in heart failure includes angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors, beta-blockers and diuretics, with advanced heart failure patients receiving spironolactone and possibly digitalis. Ongoing clinical trials are testing more effective inhibition of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) with highly selective angiotensin II (Ang II) receptor blockers (ARBs) such as valsartan. Future trials should study diverse racial groups and the elderly, particularly those with preserved systolic function. These should ideally be large multicentre studies with internal substudies to examine mechanisms of heart failure.
Identification of a nuclear variant of MGEA5, a cytoplasmic hyaluronidase and a beta-N-acetylglucosaminidase.

MGEA5 was originally identified to be a novel human hyaluronidase, which is immunogenic in meningioma patients. Recently an N-acetylglucosaminidase was reported with identical sequence. Here, we define the origin of a splice variant by determining the genomic organization of the mgea5 gene. We find the splice variant missing a putative acetyltransferase domain of MGEA5. As for evolutionary analysis, we show that the MGEA5 is highly conserved in higher eukaryotes. As for expression analysis, we find both mRNA variants ubiquitously expressed in various human tissues and throughout mouse development. We generated polyclonal antibodies against MGEA5s/5 and identified proteins of 75 and 130 kDa, indicating posttranslational modifications of the larger protein. Cell fractionation revealed the cytoplasmic/cytoskeletal localization of the 130-kDa protein and the nuclear localization of the 75-kDa protein. We propose a model in which MGEA5 functions both as a hyaluronidase and an N-acetylglucosaminidase.
Sensory neuropeptides are not directly involved in bronchial hyperresponsiveness induced by interleukin‐8 in guinea‐pigs in vivo

Background Interleukin‐8 (IL‐8) hus been shown to be a chemotactic factor for netitrophils, T‐lymphocytes and eosinophils. Repeated intranasal administration of IL‐8 enhances bronchial responsiveness to inhaled histamine in guinea‐pigs. Neuropeptides which arc released trotn C‐fibre nerve‐endings have been postulated to induce bronchial hyperresponsiveness through neurogenic inflammation.
Aneuploidy and Isochromosome Formation in Drug-Resistant Candida albicans

Resistance to the limited number of available antifungal drugs is a serious problem in the treatment of Candida albicans. We found that aneuploidy in general and a specific segmental aneuploidy, consisting of an isochromosome composed of the two left arms of chromosome 5, were associated with azole resistance. The isochromosome forms around a single centromere flanked by an inverted repeat and was found as an independent chromosome or fused at the telomere to a full-length homolog of chromosome 5. Increases and decreases in drug resistance were strongly associated with gain and loss of this isochromosome, which bears genes expressing the enzyme in the ergosterol pathway targeted by azole drugs, efflux pumps, and a transcription factor that positively regulates a subset of efflux pump genes.
Analytical Armature Reaction Field Prediction in Field-Excited Flux-Switching Machines Using an Exact Relative Permeance Function

In this paper, an analytical approach for the prediction of the armature reaction field of field-excited flux-switching (FE-FS) machines is presented. The analytical method is based on the magnetomotive force (MMF)-permeance theory. The doubly-salient air-gap permeance, developed here, is derived from an exact solution of the slot permeance. Indeed, the relative slot permeance is obtained by solving Maxwell's equations in a subdomain model and applying boundary and continuity conditions. In addition, during a no-load study, we found that, regarding the stator-rotor teeth combination, phase distributions were modified. Hence, in this paper, phase MMF distributions, for q phases, several stator-rotor combinations and also phase winding distribution (single- or double-layers) are proposed. We compare extensively magnetic field distributions calculated by the analytical model with those obtained from finite-element analyses. Futhermore, the model is used to predict the machine inductances. Once again, FE results validate the analytical prediction, showing that the developed model can be advantageously used as a design tool of FE-FS machine.
Council on Cardiovascular and Stroke Nursing.

In the spirit of highlighting the accomplishments and contributions of the American Heart Association (AHA) in general and the members of the Council on Cardiovascular and Stroke Nursing (CVSN) in particular, we review both a scientific statement and a policy statement from AHA that reflect the valuable involvement of our members in achieving the goal of improving the health of all Americans. Despite impressive reductions in cardiovascular (CV) mortality over the past several decades, the CV health of Americans remains suboptimal. Cardiovascular health, defined by 4 health behaviors (smoking, physical activity, diet, and body mass index) and 3 health factors (cholesterol, blood pressure, and plasma glucose), is the core concept of the AHA 2020 goals of improving CV health of all Americans. Physical activity, compared with other widely accepted CV preventive measures, is underutilized despite the significant benefits for general health and quality of life (QOL). Inadequate physical activity is a major modifiable risk factor with negative consequences, including obesity, hypertension, and reduced cardiorespiratory (aerobic) fitness levels.
Driver design for 3kW 13.56 MHz multiphase resonant inverter

In half-bridge inverter topology, it is well known that the driver circuit design at high switching frequency is always the challenge due to the ground floating of the high-side driver circuit. At very high switching frequency such as 13.56 MHz, the common mode noise becomes a critical issue because it strongly effects to the stability and the efficiency of the inverter especially in case of the high power condition. Furthermore, in the case of multiphase resonant inverter topology, the synchronous of the driver pulse among phases to obtain the same class DE operation mode in every phase is also another challenge. In this paper, the driver circuit design for 3kW 13.56 MHz multiphase resonant inverter with the efficiency of 96.1% is presented in detail.
The production of incomplete virus particles among influenza strains: experiments in eggs.

tip, a small the side of the drawn-out part approximately 4 mm. tip. This device is a small version of the " harvesting pipette " designed by Henle and Henle (1944); with its aid samples of allantoic fluid may be conveniently collected without any interference from extra-embryonic structures, which render sampling with ordinary Pasteur pipettes cumbersome. pipettes were sterilized in boiling water between each egg. One standard drop of 10 per cent red cells was added to each sample of allantoic fluid, and the pattern of agglutination read after 20 min. As the reactions were invariably either complete agglutination or complete lack of agglutination, the results were recorded as positive or negative. The cumulative totals of positive (infected) and negative (non-infected) eggs were calculated, and the modal infectivity end-point determined by the method of Reed and Muench (1938). As with haemagglutinating units (HA), the infectivity titres were corrected to refer to 1-0 ml. volumes of allantoic fluid, and are expressed in log10 units. In Table I they appear under the symbol "ID ".
Homomultimerization of the reovirus p14 fusion-associated small transmembrane protein during transit through the ER-Golgi complex secretory pathway.

The reovirus fusion-associated small transmembrane (FAST) proteins are the smallest known viral membrane-fusion proteins. How these diminutive fusogens mediate cell-cell fusion and syncytium formation is unclear. Ongoing efforts are aimed at defining the roles of the FAST protein ecto-, endo- and transmembrane domains in the membrane-fusion reaction. We now provide direct evidence for homomultimer formation by the FAST proteins by using an anti-haemagglutinin (HA) mAb to co-precipitate the untagged p14 FAST protein from cells co-transfected with HA-tagged p14. Disrupting the intracellular endoplasmic reticulum-Golgi complex vesicle transport pathway prevented p14 homomultimer formation, while lower pH disrupted p14 multimers. The p14 endodomain or transmembrane domains are not required for multimer formation, which, along with the pH sensitivity and the distribution of histidine residues, suggests the 36 aa p14 ectodomain is a multimerization motif.