Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
RETRACTED: A randomized comparison of ultrasound-guided versus landmark-based corticosteroid injection for trigger finger

One hundred and four patients who had been diagnosed with trigger finger and were to be treated by corticosteroid injection were randomized into two groups; one for landmark-based injection and the other for ultrasound-guided injection. The response to treatment, including objective triggering, the visual analogue scale score for pain and the Quick Disability of the Arm, Shoulder, and Hand (QuickDASH) score were assessed at 12- and 24-weeks follow-up. No significant differences between the two groups were observed in pain or QuickDASH scores at 24 weeks of follow-up. The incidences of adverse events were similar between the two groups. Ultrasound-guided steroid injection provides no benefit in treating trigger finger. Level of evidence: II.
Biological Aspects and Clinical Applications of Nanoparticles on Treatment and Prophylaxis of HIV

Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS) is a descriptive type of immune system dysfunction disorder which is caused by HIV infection. Since its discovery, HIV has been responsible for the death of more than 25 million people worldwide, and many people are infected with HIV each year. Because of the structural complexity of the virus and the lack of a promising vaccine, several antiviral drugs, and nucleic acid therapies such as siRNA have been studied and evaluated for the HIV prevention. The antiviral treatments have considerably improved the quality and hope of life for the infected people, but along with the capacity to adapt to the virus, it has prevented further success. Nanotechnology approaches have had a positive impact on the prevention and treatment of different diseases. Various nanoparticles and substances have been evaluated for the antiviral drugs improvement for the prophylaxis and treatment of AIDS. Some nanoparticles which have been discussed in this article include liposomes, dendrimers, gold nanoparticles, polymeric nanoparticles, nanofibers, silver nanoparticles, and drug nanocrystals. In this review study, the nanotechnology approaches, the structure and properties of nanoparticles and their function in the prophylaxis and treatment of HIV were discussed.
Efficacy and safety of transarterial chemoembolization with 70- to 150-μm drug-eluting beads alone or in combination with 100- to 300-μm drug-eluting beads

Abstract To evaluate the safety and efficacy of transarterial chemoembolization (TACE) in patients with unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma, a retrospective analysis of patients who underwent TACE utilizing up to one vial of LC BeadM1 (70–150 μm) embolics with doxorubicin was performed. If tumor devascularization was not achieved, up to one additional vial of LC Bead (100–300 μm) embolics with doxorubicin was subsequently administered. Ninety-four sessions of TACE were completed among 48 patients. After a mean follow-up of 182 days, complete response was achieved in 10 patients (21%), partial response in 19 (40%), stable disease in 8 (17%), and progressive disease in 10 (21%). Disease control was achieved in 79% of patients: 90% of patients treated with 70- to 150-μm embolics alone vs. 70% of patients treated with both sizes of embolics (P = 0.47). Pathologic examination revealed complete necrosis in 5 of 10 tumors in eight transplants. Overall survival at 3, 12, and 24 months was 100%, 94%, and 94%, respectively. The median progression-free survival was 282 days. In conclusion, drug-eluting bead TACE with 70- to 150-μm embolics alone or in combination with 100- to 300-μm embolics is safe and demonstrates good disease control, particularly with small, solitary tumors.
Las Lógicas Mixtas como escape al Problema del Colapso y al Desafío de Quine

In this work, I will present a way to avoid the most recurrent problems in a certain version of logical pluralism, one that argues that even considering a fixed language there are multiple legitimate logical systems. To do this, it will be necessary to consider the starting points of the pluralist program and explain the problems that arise from them, mainly the Quine Challenge and the Collapse Problem. Then, I will propose a modification for what is understood by logical consequence, to be able to consider a family of logical systems, mixed logics, which cover both pure and impure logics. Finally, I will show that with a reasonable interpretation of the formalism, those problems can be avoided while respecting the spirit of the pluralist program.
Application of information and communication technologies in state management to digital education of higher education in Vietnam

By 2020, Vietnam has 580 universities and colleges (including 266 universities and 314 colleges), meeting the training of 3.91 million students with the scale of 450 students per 10,000 people. Higher education is set in a new context with new technologies, changing the production base, generating more new occupations. Because university is a place that directly trains human resources for the labour market. The development of science and technology, information technology, not only creates conditions for universities to change the training model, apply technical technology to teaching to improve quality. However, the renovation and digital education are indispensable factors, directly affecting the existence and development of that educational institution. Of course, the state, the management units must have a policy mechanism, promote the digital education of higher education.
Synaptic Depotentiation and mGluR5 Activity in the Nucleus Accumbens Drive Cocaine-Primed Reinstatement of Place Preference

Understanding the neurobiological processes that incite drug craving and drive relapse has the potential to help target efforts to treat addiction. The NAc serves as a critical substrate for reward and motivated behavior, in part due to alterations in excitatory synaptic strength within cortical-accumbens pathways. The present studies investigated a causal link between cocaine-induced reinstatement of conditioned place preference and rapid reductions of cocaine-dependent increases in NAc shell synaptic strength in male mice. Cocaine-conditioned place preference behavior and ex vivo whole-cell electrophysiology showed that cocaine-primed reinstatement and synaptic depotentiation were disrupted by inhibiting AMPAR internalization via intra-NAc shell infusion of a Tat-GluA23Y peptide. Furthermore, reinstatement was driven by an mGluR5-dependent reduction in AMPAR signaling. Intra-NAc shell infusion of the mGluR5 antagonist MTEP blocked cocaine-primed reinstatement and corresponding depotentiation, whereas infusion of the mGluR5 agonist CHPG itself promoted reinstatement and depotentiated synaptic strength in the NAc shell. Optogenetic examination of circuit-specific plasticity showed that inhibition of infralimbic cortical input to the NAc shell blocked cocaine-primed reinstatement, whereas low-frequency stimulation (10 Hz) of this pathway in the absence of cocaine triggered a reduction in synaptic strength akin to that observed with cocaine, and was sufficient to promote reinstatement in the absence of a cocaine challenge. These data support a model in which mGluR5-mediated reduction in GluA2-containing AMPARs at NAc shell synapses receiving input from the infralimbic cortex is a critical factor in triggering reinstatement of cocaine-primed conditioned approach behavior. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT These studies identified a sequence of neural events whereby reexposure to cocaine activates a signaling cascade that alters synaptic strength in the NAc shell and triggers a behavioral response driven by a drug-associated memory.
Rational conversion of chromophore selectivity of cyanobacteriochromes to accept mammalian intrinsic biliverdin

Significance Although cyanobacteriochrome photoreceptors are potentially useful molecules for bioimaging and optogenetics because of their compactness and spectral diversity, most cyanobacteriochromes have a drawback to need a chromophore unavailable in the mammalian cells. To overcome this significant drawback, this study focused on a mammalian intrinsic chromophore, biliverdin. We succeeded in conversion of biliverdin-rejective cyanobacteriochromes into biliverdin acceptable molecules by replacement of only four residues. Furthermore, molecular basis for the biliverdin incorporation has been revealed by the X-ray crystallography. One such engineered molecule was shown to function as a near-infrared fluorescent probe for in vivo imaging in living mice. This study provides a rational strategy to obtain molecules applicable to bioimaging and optogenetics. Because cyanobacteriochrome photoreceptors need only a single compact domain for chromophore incorporation and for absorption of visible spectra including the long-wavelength far-red region, these molecules have been paid much attention for application to bioimaging and optogenetics. Most cyanobacteriochromes, however, have a drawback to incorporate phycocyanobilin that is not available in the mammalian cells. In this study, we focused on biliverdin (BV) that is a mammalian intrinsic chromophore and absorbs the far-red region and revealed that replacement of only four residues was enough for conversion from BV-rejective cyanobacteriochromes into BV-acceptable molecules. We succeeded in determining the crystal structure of one of such engineered molecules, AnPixJg2_BV4, at 1.6 Å resolution. This structure identified unusual covalent bond linkage, which resulted in deep BV insertion into the protein pocket. The four mutated residues contributed to reducing steric hindrances derived from the deeper insertion. We introduced these residues into other domains, and one of them, NpF2164g5_BV4, produced bright near-infrared fluorescence from mammalian liver in vivo. Collectively, this study provides not only molecular basis to incorporate BV by the cyanobacteriochromes but also rational strategy to open the door for application of cyanobacteriochromes to visualization and regulation of deep mammalian tissues.
Rate of Correction of Hypernatremia and Health Outcomes in Critically Ill Patients.

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Hypernatremia is common in hospitalized, critically ill patients. Although there are no clear guidelines on sodium correction rate for hypernatremia, some studies suggest a reduction rate not to exceed 0.5 mmol/L per hour. However, the data supporting this recommendation and the optimal rate of hypernatremia correction in hospitalized adults are unclear. DESIGN, SETTING, PARTICIPANTS, & MEASUREMENTS We assessed the association of hypernatremia correction rates with neurologic outcomes and mortality in critically ill patients with hypernatremia at admission and those that developed hypernatremia during hospitalization. We used data from the Medical Information Mart for Intensive Care-III and identified patients with hypernatremia (serum sodium level >155 mmol/L) on admission (n=122) and hospital-acquired (n=327). We calculated different ranges of rapid correction rates (>0.5 mmol/L per hour overall and >8, >10, and >12 mmol/L per 24 hours) and utilized logistic regression to generate adjusted odds ratios (aOR) with 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs) to examine association with outcomes. RESULTS We had complete data on 122 patients with severe hypernatremia on admission and 327 patients who developed hospital-acquired hypernatremia. The difference in in-hospital 30-day mortality proportion between rapid (>0.5 mmol/L per hour) and slower (≤0.5 mmol/L per hour) correction rates were not significant either in patients with hypernatremia at admission with rapid versus slow correction (25% versus 28%; P=0.80) or in patients with hospital-acquired hypernatremia with rapid versus slow correction (44% versus 40%; P=0.50). There was no difference in aOR of mortality for rapid versus slow correction in either admission (aOR, 1.3; 95% CI, 0.5 to 3.7) or hospital-acquired hypernatremia (aOR, 1.3; 95% CI, 0.8 to 2.3). Manual chart review of all suspected chronic hypernatremia patients, which included all 122 with hypernatremia at admission, 128 of the 327 hospital-acquired hypernatremia, and an additional 28 patients with ICD-9 codes for cerebral edema, seizures and/or alteration of consciousness, did not reveal a single case of cerebral edema attributable to rapid hyprnatremia correction. CONCLUSIONS We did not find any evidence that rapid correction of hypernatremia is associated with a higher risk for mortality, seizure, alteration of consciousness, and/or cerebral edema in critically ill adult patients with either admission or hospital-acquired hypernatremia.
Myeloablative conditioning using timed-sequential busulfan plus fludarabine in older patients with acute myeloid leukemia: long-term results of a prospective phase II clinical trial

Myeloablative hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT) reduces relapse, but is precluded in older patients and those with high comorbidities in whom outcomes remain disappointing. After demonstrating the safety of timed-sequential administration of myeloablative busulfan with fludarabine (Bu-Flu) in
All for one and one for all

Hyperfine interactions couple an electron spin nondestructively to quantum dot nuclear spins Quantum information (QI) has become a focus of research during the past two decades, with the goal of exploiting the potentialities offered by superposition and entanglement of quantum states (1). The first hardware implementations of QI relied on quantum systems hosting clean, well-isolated two-level systems such as atoms or ions. Despite the success of these systems, solid-state QI implementations promise robustness, miniaturization, established fabrication tools, scalability to large numbers of involved components, and easy connectivity to classical hardware. However, a major challenge is that the interaction of quantum states with the many-body environment in a crystal can compromise QI. In semiconductor nanostructures, the lattice nuclei offer sufficiently long QI storage times, but a truly coherent interface, which is needed to store QI faithfully in an ensemble of nuclear spins, has remained elusive. On page 62 of this issue, Gangloff et al. (2) report the realization of this goal for an electron with the nuclei in a quantum dot, which they achieved by exploiting hyperfine interactions.
Neuroprotective effects of allopurinol on spinal cord injury in rats: a biochemical and immunohistochemical study.

Lesion in spinal cord causes a cascade of events such as the apoptosis of neurons and eventually, neurological dysfunction. Neurologic damage developing after acute spinal cord injury is also related with necrosis and free radical formation. Allopurinol a xanthine oxidase inhibitor, was shown to have protective effects in several studies. B-cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2) family proteins regulate apoptosis. Apoptosis causes the death of neuronal cells, particularly neurons and oligodendrocytes in the spinal cord after lesion. Glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) takes part in astrocyte and neuronal interconnection and synaptic transmission. Male Sprague Dawley rats (n:30) were divided as control, trauma, and trauma + allopurinol (i.p., 50 mg/kg of body weight) groups. Animals were applied a surgical procedure causing spinal cord injury and treated for 7 days then sacrified under anesthesia. The spinal cords were dissected, measurements of myeloperoxidase, malondialdehyde and glutathione were performed, remaining parts were fixed in 10% formaldehyde solution for histological and immunohistochemical evaluations. Biochemical results exhibited an increase in myeloperoxidase levels in trauma group but a decrease in the allopurinol treatment group similar to malondialdehyde levels. Degenerative changes in multipolar and bipolar neurons together with apoptotic changes in some glial cells were observed in the trauma group whereas, mild degenerative changes were observed after allopurinol treatment. In the trauma group, negative GFAP expression in multipolar ve bipolar neuronal processes with a reduction in glial processes around blood vessels and positive GFAP expression were observed but, a regular and parallel positive GFAP expression of glial processes around blood vessels in the allopurinol treated group was apparent. Trauma group depicted a positive Bcl-2 expression in glial cells and in motor and bipolar neurons. On the contrary, negative Bcl-2 expression was noticed in the trauma + allopurinol group. This study is of importance to understand the effects of allopurinol in preventing degenerative changes in nerve and glial cells related to spinal cord injuries.
Dynamic changes to claudins in the uterine epithelial cells of the marsupial Sminthopsis crassicaudata (Dasyuridae) during pregnancy

The fluid that surrounds the embryo in the uterus contains important nourishing factors and secretions. To maintain the distinct microenvironment in the uterine lumen, the tight junctions between uterine epithelial cells are remodeled to decrease paracellular movement of molecules and solutes. Modifications to tight junctions between uterine epithelial cells is a common feature of pregnancy in eutherian mammals, regardless of placental type. Here we used immunofluorescence microscopy and western blot analysis to describe distributional changes to tight junctional proteins, claudin‐1, ‐3, ‐4, and ‐5, in the uterine epithelial cells of a marsupial species, Sminthopsis crassicaudata. Immunofluorescence microscopy revealed claudin‐1, ‐3, and ‐5 in the tight junctions of the uterine epithelium of S. crassicaudata during pregnancy. These specific claudins are associated with restricting passive movement of fluid between epithelial cells in eutherians. Hence, their function during pregnancy in S. crassicaudata may be to maintain the uterine luminal content surrounding developing embryos. Claudin‐4 disappears from all uterine regions of S. crassicaudata at the time of implantation, in contrast with the distribution of this claudin in some eutherian mammals. We conclude that like eutherian mammals, distributional changes to claudins in the uterine epithelial cells of S. crassicaudata are necessary to support pregnancy. However, the combination of individual claudin isoforms in the tight junctions of the uterine epithelium of S. crassicaudata differs from that of eutherian mammals. Our findings suggest that the precise permeability of the paracellular pathway of the uterine epithelium is species‐specific.
Applications of Machine Learning in Real-Life Digital Health Interventions: Review of the Literature

Background Machine learning has attracted considerable research interest toward developing smart digital health interventions. These interventions have the potential to revolutionize health care and lead to substantial outcomes for patients and medical professionals. Objective Our objective was to review the literature on applications of machine learning in real-life digital health interventions, aiming to improve the understanding of researchers, clinicians, engineers, and policy makers in developing robust and impactful data-driven interventions in the health care domain. Methods We searched the PubMed and Scopus bibliographic databases with terms related to machine learning, to identify real-life studies of digital health interventions incorporating machine learning algorithms. We grouped those interventions according to their target (ie, target condition), study design, number of enrolled participants, follow-up duration, primary outcome and whether this had been statistically significant, machine learning algorithms used in the intervention, and outcome of the algorithms (eg, prediction). Results Our literature search identified 8 interventions incorporating machine learning in a real-life research setting, of which 3 (37%) were evaluated in a randomized controlled trial and 5 (63%) in a pilot or experimental single-group study. The interventions targeted depression prediction and management, speech recognition for people with speech disabilities, self-efficacy for weight loss, detection of changes in biopsychosocial condition of patients with multiple morbidity, stress management, treatment of phantom limb pain, smoking cessation, and personalized nutrition based on glycemic response. The average number of enrolled participants in the studies was 71 (range 8-214), and the average follow-up study duration was 69 days (range 3-180). Of the 8 interventions, 6 (75%) showed statistical significance (at the P=.05 level) in health outcomes. Conclusions This review found that digital health interventions incorporating machine learning algorithms in real-life studies can be useful and effective. Given the low number of studies identified in this review and that they did not follow a rigorous machine learning evaluation methodology, we urge the research community to conduct further studies in intervention settings following evaluation principles and demonstrating the potential of machine learning in clinical practice.
Effect of a low-dose interventional x-ray system on radiation exposure in the higher body surface area patient population

Abstract Low-dose interventional x-ray systems have been shown to substantially reduce radiation dose in the pediatric and adult structural and interventional realm. We evaluated our single-center experience with Philips AlluraClarity software for all cardiovascular procedures; we also compared performance relative to patient body size. A total of 1155 patients were included. Data on dose area product (DAP) for radiation exposure, along with body surface area (BSA) and fluoroscopy time, were retrospectively collected for 467 patients before implementation of the Clarity system and for 688 patients after system implementation. DAP was then compared to BSA and fluoroscopy time. BSA was categorized into four quartiles to assess the relationship between radiation dose across small to large patient size populations. The mean BSA between two groups was similar (2.03 vs 2.02 m2, P = 0.48), with a 44.7% reduction in radiation dose with DAP indexed to BSA. A significant reduction in radiation dose was seen across all quartiles, with the highest reduction in the post-Clarity sample population with the largest BSA. Fluoroscopy time in the pre-Clarity period was lower than in the post-Clarity period (mean of 7.6 vs 10.2 min; P ≤ 0.001), with a total 57.7% radiation dose reduction with DAP indexed to fluoroscopy time (P ≤ 0.001). There was a 45.2% overall decrease in radiation dose with AlluraClarity (P ≤ 0.001). In conclusion, AlluraClarity significantly reduced overall radiation dose, irrespective of BSA. The largest reduction in radiation was seen in patients with the highest BSA, suggesting that obese patients derive the most benefit. To our knowledge, this is the first study to describe this relationship with BSA and AlluraClarity. The Clarity system also substantially reduced radiation dose despite longer fluoroscopy time.