Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Impact de la date de récolte sur la teneur en désoxynivalénol (DON) des grains et la productivité de l'orge

La fusariose de l'epi chez l'orge (Hordeum vulgare L.) provoquee par la presence de Fusarium graminearum peut reduire les rendements en grains et ce champignon produit egalement une toxine (desoxynivalenol ou DON) dans le grain. Les conditions climatiques a l'automne ne permettent pas toujours de recolter les cereales a la maturite. L'impact d'un retard de la recolte sur la teneur en DON et la productivite de l'orge n'a pas encore ete mesure au Quebec. Une experience a donc ete realisee pendant 4 annees (2003 a 2006) a la Ferme de Recherches d'Agriculture et Agroalimentaire Canada a Normandin, afin d'evaluer l'effet de trois dates de recolte (maturite et un delai de 1 et 2 semaines apres la maturite) sur le contenu en DON et la productivite de trois cultivars d'orge (AC Klinck, Brucefield et Viviane). Pendant les 4 annees, la date de recolte a eu peu d'effet sur la teneur en DON. En 2003 et 2005, la date de recolte n'a pas eu d'impact sur le rendement en grains. En 2004 et en 2006, les rendements en grains lors de la recolte la plus tardive etaient respectivement reduits de 10 et 12% comparativement aux rendements obtenus lors de la premiere date de recolte. Une recolte de l'orge effectuee a la maturite ou, si les conditions climatiques ne sont pas favorables, environ une semaine apres la maturite permettrait de maximiser les rendements en grains et aura peu d'effet sur le contenu en DON. Un retard de deux semaines apres la maturite de l'orge peut reduire les rendements en grains mais aurait peu d'impact sur le contenu en DON du grain.
Anoikis-resistant MDA-MB-231 cells: characteristics and pathway analysis.

CTRC-AACR San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium: 2008 Abstracts Abstract #2062 Background : Apoptosis in response to inappropriate adhesion or lack of adhesion has been termed anoikis. Resistance to anoikis is regarded as a prerequisite for invasion and metastasis in cancer cells. Recently many studies were performed to understand mechanism of anoikis resistance. However, there have been few studies on the role and mechanism of anoikis resistance in cancer cells. Materials and Methods : Anoikis-resistant MDA-MB-231 cells were induced and selected through culture on polyhydroxyethylmethacrylate (Poly-HEMA) substratum and invasiveness by matrigel invasion assay and drug-resistance to doxorubicin were checked. At the same time, expression of genes were evaluated in anoikis-resistant and adherent MDA-MB-231 cells by cDNA microarray. Pathway analysis on high-expressed genes in anoikis-resistant cells was performed by software(Ingenuity Pathway Analysis) Results : Invasion assays revealed that anoikis-resistant cells were more invasive than adherent cells. Anoikis-resistant cells were also more resistant to doxorubicin than adherent cells. Genes related to NF-kB pathway were highly expressed in anoikis-resistant cells. Therefore, the effect of Bay11-7085, inhibitor of NF-kB, on the growth of anoikis-resistant MDA-MB-231 cells was tested. The blockage of NF-kB pathway inhibited the growth of anoikis-resistant MDA-MB-231 cells. Conclusion : These results demonstrated that anoikis resistance was associated with increased invasiveness and resistance to chemotherapeutic agents and that NF-kB pathway involved in anoikis resistance. Citation Information: Cancer Res 2009;69(2 Suppl):Abstract nr 2062.
Method for Optimizing the Number and Precision of Interval-Valued Parameters in a Multi-Object System

: In any decision-making process, it is necessary to evaluate the merit of different parameters and disclose the effect they have on the solution in order to optimize it. If the criteria are mathematically quantifiable, a mathematical model may be created for the evaluation process. The application of rough sets, neural networks, fuzzy logic or information theory are widely used mathematical tools for the solution of this type of problem. In this work two tasks are approached: (1) To minimize the number of required parameters(attributes) by discriminating different objects (classes), for the case when there is an overlap in the collected information from parameters (interval-valued information); (2) To calculate the minimum accuracy necessary in the selected attributes to discriminate all of the objects. This approach is very useful in both reducing the cost of the communication channels and in eliminating unnecessary stored information.
Polymorphism and the taxonomic status of the Hebe amplexicaulis complex (Scrophulariaceae)

Abstract The leaf and stem pubescence which distinguishes Hebe allanii from H. amplexicaulis is shown to be a genetic polymorphism with hairy dominant to glabrous; consequently H. allanii is here treated as H. amplexicaulis forma hirta Garnock-Jones et Molloy. Within-population variation in several other characters is discordant and does not justify the recognition of other infraspecific taxa. Lowland populations in The Hunters Hills area and in the gorge of the Opihi River are morphologically distinguishable from H. amplexicaulis and are recognised as a new species, H. pareora Garnock-Jones et Molloy. The habitats of H. amplexicaulis and H. pareora are described and the conservation of both species in nature is discussed.
Manipulation of Macrophage Activities Using Liposomes

Abstract Macrophages are of critical importance in a variety of pathological conditions and selective manipulation of macrophage functions may offer new possibilities for therapy. At present, the signalling pathways that control the different activities of macrophages, including phagocytosis and inflammatory mediator production, are being resolved and selective (ant)agonists of the relevant signalling components will gradually become available. However, the activities of such signalling components are generally not restricted to macrophages and this may result in undesirable effects. We suggest that liposomes may overcome these problems by allowing the selective targeting of drugs to the interior of the macrophage in vivo. (macrophages, liposomes, phagocytosis, activation)
Properties evaluation by thickness and type of oriented strand boards manufactured in continuous press line

Oriented strand boards (OSB) are widely used in construction replacing plywood. There are four types of boards (OSB/1, OSB/2, OSB/3, OSB/4) carried out depending on the conditions of uses. The present research aimed to evaluate the physical and mechanical performance of these types of boards, with 10 mm, 11 mm, 18 mm and 22 mm thicknesses. The boards were industrially manufactured using the continue press line. The results showed that the compression grade increased with decreasing of the wood strands densities, from 1.3 (OSB/1) to 1.1 (OSB/3). Thickness swelling values were lower for OSB/3 and OSB/2 with 35% and 14%, when compared to OSB/1. For these boards a slight increase in adhesive content and a lower speed of pressing line was set considering that they are designated for the exterior use. An increase in density with about 7.6% led to an increase with about 19% of modulus of rupture (MOR), when compare OSB 10 mm with OSB 22 mm. Improvements with 27% to 22% MOR and 13% to 10% modulus of elasticity (MOE) in case of OSB/3 and OSB/2 compared to OSB/1 were found. Internal bond (IB) values were with about 32% higher for OSB/3 than those reached by OSB/1 and the thinner boards registered 25% higher IB values even after boiling test, compared to the thicker ones.
CANOPY CHARACTERISTICS OF CONTRASTING CLONES OF CACAO (THEOBROMA CACAO)

Canopy characteristics (leaf area index, fractional light interception, extinction coefficient) of mature trees of ten clonally propagated cacao cultivars were measured over a period of 14 months at an experiment site in Bahia, Brazil. Differences in leaf area index between clones became more pronounced over time. When an approximately constant leaf area index was reached (after about nine months), the leaf area index varied between clones from 2.8 to 4.5. Clonal differences in the relationship between leaf area index and fractional light interception implied differences in canopy architecture, as reflected by the range of extinction coefficients (mean values ranged from 0.63 for the clone TSH-565 to 0.82 for CC-10). The results demonstrate the potential for breeding more photosynthetically efficient cacao canopies.
Predicting of Crime Detection Using K-Means Clustering Algorithm

Nowadays, the increasing use of computerized systems, crime data analysis can help the Law enforcement officers to speed up the process of solving crimes. Administration and maintenance in police station can be made more efficient and effective with the use of computers that are enormous help in many jobs. Crime Detection is analysed using K-means Clustering algorithm, our approach supports the polices, the detectives and the law enforcement officers to speed up the process of crimes detection and criminals identification. Crime analysis is one of the important applications of data mining. K-means Clustering algorithm is done by partitioning data into the process of identification of crime patterns. Data mining is the appropriate field to apply on high volume crime dataset and knowledge gained. This easy to implement data mining framework works with the geospatial plot of crime and helps to improve the productivity of the detectives and other law enforcement officers.
AC-DC TCC with Built-in Tee Connector for Accurate Calibrations

Accuracy of thermal current converters (TCCs) calibration to determine their ac-dc differences is important for ac currents measurement traceability. They can be calibrated either by connecting the unknown TCC in series with the standard TCC or connecting them in parallel by using tee connector. In this paper, TCCs are established for this study. One TCC is developed for 5 mA range which consists of only single-junction thermal element (SJTE) with rating 5 mA, 90 Ω. The other TCC is for range 2.5 A constructed from a SJTE connected in parallel with a shunt metal film resistor to withstand its rating current. They are calibrated against standard TCCs by connecting them in series, and in parallel. To overcome some drawbacks in their calibration, a built-in tee connector is also fabricated and introduced in this paper. These built-in tee connectors are connected to the fabricated TCCs to construct built-in TCCs. They are calibrated against the same standard TCCs. Their ac-dc differences are compared to each other. The performances of the TCCs which are calibrated with the different connections are also evaluated by using them in measuring ac currents. The uncertainty budget for the TCCs calibration and the ac currents measurements are estimated.
Central Nervous System Tissue Engineering: Current Considerations and Strategies

Abstract Combating neural degeneration from injury or disease is extremely difficult in the brain and spinal cord, i.e. central nervous system (CNS). Unlike the peripheral nerves, CNS neurons are bombarded by physical and chemical restrictions that prevent proper healing and restoration of function. The CNS is vital to bodily function, and loss of any part of it can severely and permanently alter a person's quality of life. Tissue engineering could offer much needed solutions to regenerate or replace damaged CNS tissue. This review will discuss current CNS tissue engineering approaches integrating scaffolds, cells and stimulation techniques. Hydrogels are commonly used CNS tissue engineering scaffolds to stimulate and enhance regeneration, but fiber meshes and other porous structures show specific utility depending on application. CNS relevant cell sources have focused on implantation of exogenous cells or stimulation of endogenous populations. Somatic cells of the CNS are rarely utilized for tissue engin.
On the Use of Sodium Bicarbonate and Calcium in the Rectification of Sea-Water in Aquaria

The use of sodium bicarbonate for the maintenance of the proper hydrogenion concentration and bicarbonate content in marine aquaria using a closed circulation, was recommended by Breder and Howley (1). It was pointed out by them that this substance was more suitable for such purposes than quicklime which is used in the Plymouth Aquarium, because the latter “disproportionately increases the calcium content. ” Atkins (2) disagrees with this opinion chiefly on the grounds that sulphates from metabolized food do not tend to increase the acidity of the water. Atkins quotes Smith (3) as stating that the urinary SO4 comes from ingested sea-water, and neglects entirely the fact that Smith had reference to the bulk of the urinary salts. As Smith remarks on page 494, a fraction of the urinary S04 is of metabolic origin, and this fraction is of course the only S04 which is significant in the problem discussed by Breder and Howley.
2D Barcode Detection Algorithm with Multiple Features Combination for a Long Distance Search

A 2D barcode region localization system for the automatic inspection of a long distance logistics objects has been developed. For the successful 2D barcode localization, variance and frequency of the pixel distribution within average 2D barcodes is modeled and the average model of 2D barcode is combined with the corner features detection to localize the final 2D barcode candidates. An automatic 2D barcode localization software was developed with the multiple features mixture method and we tested our system on real camera images of several popular 2D barcode symbologies.
Printed Two-Antenna Elements for Concurrent 2.4 and 5 GHz Band Operation in MIMO Systems

Multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) technology requiring multiple transmit and/or receive antennas has been increasingly used in mobile devices, notebooks, and access-point (AP) applications to increase data throughput [1-3]. For applications of access points, very few studies are conducted on internal MIMO antennas. In fact, external dipole and/or monopole antennas are still employed generally in the market for MIMO systems, which are not pleasing to the end user from an esthetic view point. In addition, most of the designs are with a single feed for generating two resonant modes for covering the 2.4 and 5 GHz bands. Thus, an external switch circuit is required between the single-feed dual-band antenna and the modules, leading to an increase in the insertion loss over the board. In this Letter, we present a printed two-antenna element with two feeds for MIMO system suitable to be concealed in AP for concurrent dual-band WLAN (2400-2484/5150-5825 MHz) operation. The two-element antenna has one PIFA and one monopole antenna. Both the antennas and ground plane are printed on the same layer of a substrate in a coplanar configuration. The isolation between the two antennas can be decided by the ground-plane length. Further, by combining two or three proposed two-antenna elements, a multi-antenna MIMO system is obtained. Different arrangements of the two elements will be first analyzed, especially in the isolation behavior. Radiation properties for a single two-antenna element and the combination of the two and even three elements are also studied and will be presented.
Influência do esforço amostral na riqueza de espécies de morcegos no sudeste do Brasil

E dificil comparar os resultados obtidos em inventarios de morcegos, pois os esforcos de coleta empregados diferem grandemente, e ha obviamente influencia nos resultados. O objetivo deste trabalho e comparar tres inventarios de morcegos realizados em ambientes similares no sudeste do Brasil e comparar o esforco de coleta empregado para aferir a riqueza de especies de morcegos. Duas metodologias e tres diferentes esforcos de coleta foram usados: I) coleta com redes de neblina por toda a noite; II) coleta com redes por ate seis horas a cada noite e III) coleta com redes armadas por 12 horas por uma ou duas noites em cada local, combinada com a busca ativa por refugios. Nos comparamos as metodologias e os tres esforcos de coleta usando tres unidades distintas: noites de coleta, horas de coletas e numero de capturas. As curvas de acumulacao de especies obtidas demonstraram que a adicao de novas especies mostra-se mais acelerada na combinacao de coletas por 12 h por noite e busca ativa de refugios. O numero estimado de especies pelo estimador de Chao variou de 25,5 a 38 especies, correspondendo de 3,12 a nove especies a mais para cada inventario. O total amostrado pelas tres metodologias atingiu 92% das especies registradas para o sul do estado do Rio de Janeiro e para cada inventario variou de 53,9 a 74,4% do total regional.
Analysis of transient plane wave coupling to horizontal conductor in homogeneous lossy soil

Modeling of transient behavior of wire conductors in presence of lo ssy soil has been a subject of great amount of research. This problem has been de alt with in different ways, from application of rigorous full-wave approaches based on Sommerfeld fo rmulation to simplified models more suitable for practical engineering studies. This paper presents comparison of two dis tinct approximate models for analysis of transient plane wave coupling to horizontal wire conductor buried in homogeneous lossy soil. The first approach uses quasi-static approx imation of corresponding Green’s functions that arise in rigorous Sommerfeld integral based on image and complex image theory. The second approach uses transmission line theory where two formulations are compared. The first one is based on Sunde’s integral whereas the second is based on simplified logarithmic expression for per unit length impedance. The authors compare the range of applicability of the two forms of image models and the two forms of transmission line models in pr actical EMC studies. The results are verified by comparison with Sommerfeld model on the basis of rms error of th e current distribution with respect to frequency range from 10 kHz to 10 MHz.
On claim size fitting and rough estimation of risk premiums based on Estonian traffic insurance example

Financial and actuarial mathematics offer various problems related to estimation of distributions. Classical models for premium calculations usually require some estimates for both the distribution of individual claim size and also the number of claims. In this work we mainly consider the problem of estimation of individual claim size, but also some basics on the fitting of the distribution of claim number and tools to find rough estimates for risk premium are provided to complete the model. Most of the ideas are applied to a real-life data from Estonian traffic insurance from mid 2006 to mid 2007. The research was initiated by Estonian Traffic Insurance Fund and therefore is of practical importance. The first four sections of the article focus on the distribution of the individual claim size, we search answers for questions like: • what candidate distributions to use for fitting the data? • what fitting techniques to use? • how to measure which of the proposed candidates is best? We choose five commonly used distributions as possible estimates: lognormal, Pareto, Weibull, beta and gamma. The fitting techniques are based on moment matching or maximum likelihood estimators. For testing goodness of fit (GOF) several classical tests including Chi-square test and Kolmogorov-Smirnov test are used. The accuracy of our approach is evaluated by matching the first and second moments and by plotting PDF-s and CDF-s. The last section of the article focuses on estimation of the the claim amount for the whole portfolio and also describes a simple idea how the standard deviance principle can be used to find a first rough estimate for risk premium when the available history is limited. The estimates for risk premiums are found by the classical collective risk model. Several simplifications are made due to the lack of information, turns out that the resulting estimates are comparable with those used in practice by insurance companies. Key–Words:estimation of distributions, heavy-tailed distributions, goodness-of-fit tests, collective risk model, premium calculation
Conceptual Modeling of Proteins Based on UniProt

Clinical disease states reflect the interaction of a myriad of genetic and environmental contributions. In this context, a major challenge is to develop information systems and algorithms that can describe this complexity to facilitate an understanding of the disease mechanisms as well as to guide the development and application of therapies. This work focuses on describing how a shared understanding of the domain can be achieved by analyzing the conceptual precision of the main concepts that should constitute the ontological commitment that is strictly required when studying an important area of research: the role that proteins play in the different functions carried out within the cell of any living systems. The contribution of this paper is to show the conceptual complexity of the UniProtKB database, and to let users face and manage that complexity by providing a sound and well-grounded conceptual background to achieve the shared understanding of the domain, a crucial aspect to allow the design of any fruitful data analytics-based strategy. A conceptual model for proteins is carefully developed taking the UniProtKB database as data source, explaining in detail the problems that have been faced together with their corresponding solutions.
Trade Credit Policy and Agency Theory: Evidence from Tunisian Export Companies

The study here provides an agency model to explain the offer of trade credit in an asymmetric environment between the suppliers and the customers. Many theories inform traditional arguments focusing on the existence of the trade credit (e.g. tax theory, transaction cost theory, liquidity theory and product quality theory). One theory studies the adverse selection phenomenon but the moral hazard problem needs exploration. The findings indicate that day of sales outstanding of Tunisian export SMEs relates directly to adverse selection and inversely link to moral hazard measured by provision on bad debts and cost ratio. By testing the traditional models, the study does not confirm tax theory, liquidity theory or transaction cost theory. However, the findings support the product quality theory which is based on ex-ante asymmetric information.
Influence of Professional Practice Environment and Burnout on Job Satisfaction among Nurses in Ghana

Background: Research on professional practice environment (PPE) is necessary in determining nursing job outcomes in every health organisation. Insight at the health care facilities can, however uncover key factors which induce burnout and its associated job dissatisfaction. The study investigated the influence of PPE and burnout on job satisfaction in the Ghanaian context. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional approach with a sample of 232 Registered Nurses completed a questionnaire measuring PPE, burnout and job satisfaction. Descriptive, Pearson Correlation and Multilinear Regression analysis were done. Results: The findings revealed that nurses were generally satisfied with their PPE. Satisfaction with all aspects of their job were recorded except for pay/salary and standard of care given to patients. There were associations between PPE facets and job satisfaction. Multilinear models showed age of the nurse, years in nursing, staffing and resource adequacy, participation in hospital affairs, emotional exhaustion and personal accomplishment as predictors of nurses’ job satisfaction. Conclusion: The findings suggest that healthy PPE and reduced burnout improve the job satisfaction of nurses. Implications for Nursing Management: Health managers must ensure adequate nurses’ participation in hospital affairs and improvement in resource to reduce burnout and in effect enhance the overall PPE of nurses.