Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Análise estrutural do inventário do sexismo ambivalente em estudantes portugueses do ensino superior

O objetivo deste estudo foi adaptar para Portugal o Inventario do Sexismo Ambivalente e replicar a estrutura bi-fatorial do sexismo (hostil e benevolente), proposta em outros estudos em diferentes paises. Esse instrumento sera verificado, a partir da analise de equacao estrutural, a consistencia da estrutural ja observada. 408 estudantes do ensino superior de ambos os sexos. A analise de componentes principais confirmou a estrutura bidimensional do sexismo, evidenciando uma correlacao positiva significativa entre as escalas de sexismo hostil e benevolente. Em suma, os resultados ofereceram suporte a teoria do sexismo ambivalente, que concebe o sexismo benevolente como uma forma de se legitimar o seximo hostil e perpetuar as desigualdades de genero.
Wip1 phosphatase modulates both long-term potentiation and long-term depression through the dephosphorylation of CaMKII

ABSTRACT Synaptic plasticity is an important mechanism that underlies learning and cognition. Protein phosphorylation by kinases and dephosphorylation by phosphatases play critical roles in the activity-dependent alteration of synaptic plasticity. In this study, we report that Wip1, a protein phosphatase, is essential for long-term potentiation (LTP) and long-term depression (LTD) processes. Wip1-deletion suppresses LTP and enhances LTD in the hippocampus CA1 area. Wip1 deficiency-induced aberrant elevation of CaMKII T286/287 and T305 phosphorylation underlies these dysfunctions. Moreover, we showed that Wip1 modulates CaMKII dephosphorylation. Wip1−/− mice exhibit abnormal GluR1 membrane expression, which could be reversed by the application of a CaMKII inhibitor, indicating that Wip1/CaMKII signaling is crucial for synaptic plasticity. Together, our results demonstrate that Wip1 phosphatase plays a vital role in regulating hippocampal synaptic plasticity by modulating the phosphorylation of CaMKII.
The Contribution of Spontaneous Otoacoustic Emissions to the Click Evoked Otoacoustic Emissions

Objective This investigation determines whether spontaneous otoacoustic emissions (SOAE) contribute to click evoked otoacoustic emissions (EOAE). Design Bilateral SOAEs and click EOAEs were recorded for 81 normal-hearing subjects by using an IL088 Otodynamic Analyzer. Results Results suggest that several factors from SOUS contribute to the level and the shape of the click EOAE. The number, frequency, and level of SOAEs all appear to affect the click EOAE. In addition, as the number of SOAEs increased, the click EOAE response level significantly increased. For the majority of subjects with SOAEs in only one ear, the click EOAE response level was higher in the same ear. Conclusions These findings suggest that SOAEs add to the overall EOAE response level. This likely occurs from the synchronous capturing of SOAEs during click EOAE data collection. Therefore, SOAEs play an important role in the click EOAE measurement.
Chemotherapy in metastatic and locally advanced non-small cell lung cancer.

The majority of patients with non-small cell lung cancer have locally advanced and metastatic disease at diagnosis. Combination platinum-based chemotherapy is the standard treatment for patients with advanced disease who have a performance status of 0-1. Chemotherapy is superior to supportive care alone in terms of survival, palliation of symptoms, and in many studies, improving quality of life. Newer third generation therapies such as paclitaxel, docetaxel, vinorelbine, and gemcitabine have been proven effective as single agents with minimal toxicity, compared with supportive care alone. In combination with platinum, these agents produce higher response rates than older platinum-based regimens, are associated with additional survival benefits, and are generally more convenient and less toxic for patients. Newer nonplatinum doublets appear equivalent to newer platinum-regimens and have expanded the options available for patients. Targeted agents are promising and may soon offer patients more effective and less toxic therapies. Progress in treatment in the advanced setting has led to advances in the care of locally advanced disease. Combination chemoradiotherapy is a standard treatment for locally advanced disease, and studies with newer agents are in progress.
Class II antimicrobial peptides from lactic acid bacteria.

Strains of lactic acid bacteria (LAB) produce a wide variety of antibacterial peptides. More than fifty of these so-called peptide bacteriocins have been isolated in the last few years. They contain 20-60 amino acids, and are cationic and hydrophobic in nature. Several of these bacteriocins consist of two complementary peptides. The peptide bacteriocins of LAB are inhibitory at concentrations in the nanomolar range, and cause membrane permeabilization and leakage of intracellular components in sensitive cells. The inhibitory spectrum is limited to gram-positive bacteria, and in many cases to bacteria closely related to the producing strain. Among the target organisms are food spoilage bacteria and pathogens such as Listeria, so that many of these antimicrobial peptides could have a potential as food preservatives as well as in medical applications.
Transport through biological membranes.

In the following we shall use the term “membrane” in a purely pragmatic sense: A sheet of unstirred material, separating two well stirred solutions. What unifies the concept of membrane is its physical function as a barrier as well as the methods by which such structures can be studied (Ussing, Erlij and Lassen, 1974). Thus a capillary wall or a kidney tubule wall will be considered to be membranes as well as plasma membranes and basement membranes.
[Protective effect of melatonin in rats with phosgene-induced lung injury].

OBJECTIVE To investigate the antioxidant effect of melatonin (MT) in the rats with phosgene-induced lung injury and its possible mechanism. METHODS Fifty male SD rats were equally randomized into phosgene exposure group, air control group, MT treatment group, dexamethasone (DX) treatment group, and negative control group. All groups except the air control group were exposed to 8.33 mg/L phosgene for 5 min, and the MT treatment group, DX treatment group, and negative control group were injected with MT (10 mg/kg), DX (2.5 mg/kg), and 1% ethanol saline (1 ml/kg), respectively, via the caudal vein 1 hour after exposure. The rats were sacrificed 6h later. Then, the wet/dry ratio of the lung, the total protein content and neutrophil count in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF), and the malonaldehyde (MDA) content and superoxide dismutase (SOD) and myeloperoxidase (MPO) activities in lung homogenate were measured; pathological observation was made on the lung tissue under an optical microscope; the protein expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and NF-κB in the lung tissue was measured by Western blot. RESULTS Compared with the air control group, the phosgene exposure group showed significantly increased wet/dry ratio of the lung and total protein content and neutrophil count in BALF (P < 0.01) as well as significantly increased MDA content and MPO activity in the lung tissue (P < 0.05). Compared with the phosgene exposure group, the MT treatment group showed significantly decreased MDA content and MPO activity and significantly increased SOD activity (P < 0.01), and the MT treatment group and DX treatment group showed significantly decreased protein expression of iNOS and NF-κB (P < 0.01). CONCLUSION MT has protective effect in phosgene-induced lung injury, and its protective mechanism may be associated with scavenging free radicals and inhibiting expression of iNOS and NF-κB.
Proposal of a new information theory-based technique based on traffic anomaly detection analysis

The change-point detection theory is used to identify abrupt changes in the network traffic. The literature has focused on longitudinal traffic analysis, namely, detecting sudden peak changes, rather than analysing the traffic pattern on a 24 h typical day. As traffic varies throughout the day, it is essential to consider the concrete traffic period in which the anomaly occurs, which is useful for checking interconnection agreements amongst operators, something not possible with traditional sudden peak changes techniques. The aim of this paper is to analyse how the different algorithms behave in detecting changing points inside a typical day profile. We conclude that a combination of the algorithms provides better results than the use of a single one: in low traffic periods the tests of goodness-of-fit best detect changing conditions, while in normal traffic periods (daytime) entropy-based algorithms best detect traffic increases; besides, the statistical control charts complements both of them when detecting very abrupt changes regardless of the traffic load.
Thrombocytopenia complicating treatment with intravenous glycoprotein IIb/IIIa receptor inhibitors: a pooled analysis.

BACKGROUND Despite the increasingly prevalent role of platelet glycoprotein (GP) IIb/IIIa receptor inhibitors in acute coronary syndromes and percutaneous coronary interventions, the incidence and clinical relevance of thrombocytopenia occurring with their use remain unclear. METHODS We identified 8 placebo-controlled, randomized, large trials of GP IIb/IIIa receptor inhibitors reporting the incidence of thrombocytopenia, grouped by severity. The clinical courses of 42 patients with GP IIb/IIIa-related thrombocytopenia in these studies and other case reports were reviewed for bleeding complications. RESULTS Abciximab increased mild thrombocytopenia compared with placebo (4.2% vs 2.0%; P <.001; odds ratio 2.14) and increased severe thrombocytopenia compared with placebo (1.0% vs 0.4%; P =.01; odds ratio 2.48). Small-molecule IIb/IIIa inhibitors did not significantly increase mild or severe thrombocytopenia compared with placebo. Mild thrombocytopenia occurred more frequently in acute coronary syndrome trials than in coronary intervention trials, even in patients not receiving any IIb/IIIa inhibitors. No major bleeding sequelae were reported in 23 patients with severe thrombocytopenia or in 19 patients with profound thrombocytopenia. CONCLUSIONS Abciximab, but not eptifibatide or tirofiban, increases the incidence of thrombocytopenia compared with placebo in patients also treated with heparin. Thrombocytopenia associated with GP IIb/IIIa inhibition does not routinely lead to severe bleeding complications.
Specifying Alternate Semantics for the Explicit Congestion Notification (ECN) Field

There have been a number of proposals for alternate semantics for the Explicit Congestion Notification (ECN) field in the IP header RFC 3168. This document discusses some of the issues in defining alternate semantics for the ECN field, and specifies requirements for a safe coexistence in an Internet that could include routers that do not understand the defined alternate semantics. This document evolved as a result of discussions with the authors of one recent proposal for such alternate semantics.
Levels of arsenic, mercury and selenium in Clarias gariepinus from Sagua la Grande River, Cuba

This study first reports concentrations of arsenic (As) and selenium (Se) in fish tissue of Clarias gariepinus from Sagua la Grande River in the Villa Clara Province, Cuba. We also confirm the mercury (Hg) levels in these fish obtained previously. Individuals were captured in three areas near Sagua la Grande City, where this fish is a common source of food for the city inhabitants. Concentrations range of As, Hg and Se (in wet weight) were 0.01–0.11 μg. g−1 ; 0.03–0.24 μg. g−1 and 0.75–3.87 μg. g−1 , respectively. As and Se levels were positively correlated (n =19, ρ =0.673, P =6) of individuals captured exceeded the threshold value for Se toxicity, which means that Se is likely to produce adverse consequences on the fish themselves or on the wildlife organisms that eat them. As and Se concentrations were positively correlated with fish weight and length (P were abnormally high, we suggest the need for studies about Se sources in the zone, the effect of Se in fish and the intake associated with fish consumption.
Investigation of phononic crystal reflective gratings for surface acoustic waves

Surface acoustic wave (SAW) devices are widely used as commercial products today. To improve their performance, hundreds of metal gratings are usually employed to reflect SAWs. In the last decade, phononic crystal (PC) attracted much attention for its special acoustic properties such as anisotropic propagation and band gaps. PC with tens of lattice periods can stop SAW within the band gap frequency ranges efficiently. Thus PC was proposed to be reflective gratings instead of metal strips to reduce the space-consuming of SAW devices. In this study, modified air/silicon PC structures with finite-depth cylindrical holes and tapered radius distribution were used to design high performance reflective gratings. SAW encountering various PCs was analyzed systematically to investigate the mechanism and optimize PC reflective gratings. With high efficient PC gratings, a resonant cavity for SAW was designed accordingly and the numerical analysis showed significant improvement. The maximum amplitude inside the cavity is five times larger than the peak inside the cavity defined by normal PC gratings.
THE EFFECT OF HOMOZYGOSITY ON DEVELOPMENTAL STABILITY.

LTHOUGH close inbreeding does divide a population up into lines, members A of which are in general very similar-wRIGHT claims there was never any difficulty in telling to which of his 23 lines of inbred guinea pigs any individual guinea pig belonged-it has often been observed that some characters in some lines become more variable with inbreeding. The characters for which this has been found to be true are those usually called quantitative. It is common to find that the phenotypic variance of a quantitative character increases with extreme inbreeding (EMMENS 1939; REEVE and ROBERTSON 1953; MCLAREN and MICHIE 1954; BIGGERS and CLARINGBOLD 1954). Since close inbreeding reduces genotypic variance, except as described by ROBERTSON (1952) in the early generations which are not under consideration here, one must suppose that homozygosis has actually increased phenotypic variance by increasing nongenetic variance. This seems to be confirmed by the finding of BIGGERS and CLARINGBOLD (1954) that response to estrogen treatment was most variable in inbred lines, less so in random-bred lines but least variable in F, crosses between inbred lines. Members of such F, crosses would be genotypically identical but less homozygous even than the random-bred group. The experimental findings leave no doubt that inbreeding, even to the point of homozygosis at virtually all loci, can result in an increase in total variance which must result from an increase in nongenetic variance. The reason why a highly inbred individual should be more susceptible to nongenetic changes than an outbred one is not immediately obvious. It is well known that mutants are more variable than their corresponding wild-type genotypes and it may be that inbreeding fixes recessive genes at some loci in every line, and that these loci are responsible for increases in variability in the characters they affect. It must not be assumed that such an increase in variability is a characteristic of the homozygous recessive locus itself. WRIGHT (1934a, b) found abnormalities such as extra toes and otocephaly appearing in some of his lines of inbred guinea pigs but not in others. The frequency of occurrence of these abnormalities was different in the lines in which it occurred; extra toes for example occurred in lines at frequencies of 0.3, 1.7, 2.0, 7.7, 13.5, and 19.0 percent. The average seventy of the abnormality was directly related to its frequency in a line. In this example we have two types of variation exhibited, that which distinguishes normal from abnormal individuals and that which renders some abnormals more extreme than others. Detailed work of GOLDSCHMIDT (1937) , GOLDSCHMIDT and HONER (1937) and others, leaves little doubt that in cases of this sort it is not any par-
A Chance Constrained Transmission Network Expansion Planning Method With Consideration of Load and Wind Farm Uncertainties

This paper proposes a chance constrained formulation to tackle the uncertainties of load and wind turbine generator in transmission network expansion planning. A combined Monte Carlo simulation/analytical probabilistic power flow analysis method is first presented to obtain the probability density function of wind turbine generator output. The paper then shows the development of the chance constrained formulation with the inclusion of the wind turbine generator probability density function and probabilistic power flow in the formulation. The proposed formulation is more computationally efficient and can deal with uncertainties in transmission network expansion planning. The power of the new method is shown through the application of the formulation to two test systems.
Hostility, Interpersonal Interactions, and Ambulatory Blood Pressure

Objective This study examined aspects of the transactional model of hostility and health by investigating relationships among hostility, interpersonal interactions, and ambulatory blood pressure in a healthy community sample. Materials and Methods Participants included 65 female and 39 male healthy adults between the ages of 18 and 46 years. Ambulatory blood pressure (ABP) and diary data on mood and social interactions were obtained every 20 minutes for 1 day. Mixed models regression analyses were used to evaluate the relationships among hostility, interpersonal interactions, and ABP. Results Trait hostility was positively associated with the frequency and intensity of negative interactions and was negatively associated with the frequency and intensity of positive interactions. Interacting with others was associated with increases in systolic blood pressure (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP). The magnitude of the increase in blood pressure was positively associated with the degree to which the interaction was perceived as negative. Hostility was not directly associated with ABP/heart rate (HR) or ABP/HR responses during any interactions or negative interactions. However, there was an interaction between hostility and negative interaction intensity for DBP, suggesting that hostility moderates the effects of negative interactions on DBP. Specifically, increases in the intensity of negative interactions were associated with increases in DBP for participants with high, but not low, hostility. Conclusions The results provide partial support for the notion that hostility may be associated with risk for cardiovascular disease through its effects on interpersonal interactions and their cardiovascular correlates.
Function projective synchronization for a class of uncertain chaotic systems using robust adaptive backstepping design

We propose a robust adaptive backstepping design method to realize function projective synchronization between different master and slave chaotic systems. The slave system has parametric uncertainties and external disturbance. Parameter update law is derived to synchronize the slave with the master system based on the Lyapunov stability theory. The proposed scheme guarantees that the errors are uniformly ultimately bounded.
Parameter Estimation in Computational Biology by Approximate Bayesian Computation coupled with Sensitivity Analysis

We address the problem of parameter estimation in models of systems biology from noisy observations. The models we consider are characterized by simultaneous deterministic nonlinear differential equations whose parameters are either taken from in vitro experiments, or are hand-tuned during the model development process to reproduces observations from the system. We consider the family of algorithms coming under the Bayesian formulation of Approximate Bayesian Computation (ABC), and show that sensitivity analysis could be deployed to quantify the relative roles of different parameters in the system. Parameters to which a system is relatively less sensitive (known as sloppy parameters) need not be estimated to high precision, while the values of parameters that are more critical (stiff parameters) need to be determined with care. A tradeoff between computational complexity and the accuracy with which the posterior distribution may be probed is an important characteristic of this class of algorithms.
Mechanisms and clinical uses of capsaicin $ Surinder

Capsaicin is the active ingredient of chili peppers and gives them the characteristic pungent flavor. Understanding the actions of capsaicin led to the discovery of its receptor, transient receptor potential vanilloid subfamily member 1 (TRPV1). This receptor is found on key sensory afferents, and so the use of capsaicin to selectively activate pain afferents has been studied in animal and human models for various indications. Capsaicin is unique among naturally occurring irritant compounds because the initial neuronal excitation evoked by it is followed by a long-lasting refractory period, during which the previously excited neurons are no longer responsive to a broad range of stimuli. This process known as defunctionalisation has been exploited for therapeutic use of capsaicin in various painful conditions. We reviewed different studies on mechanisms of action of capsaicin and its utility in different clinical conditions. A beneficial role of capsaicin has been reported in obesity, cardiovascular and gastrointestinal conditions, various cancers, neurogenic bladder, and dermatologic conditions. Various theories have been put forth to explain these effects. Interestingly many of these pharmacological actions are TRPV1 independent. This review is aimed at providing an overview of these mechanisms and to also present literature which contradicts the proposed beneficial effects of capsaicin. Most of the literature comes from animal studies and since many of these mechanisms are poorly understood, more investigation is required in human subjects. & 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
Assembly of the mitochondrial membrane system. IX. Purification, characterization, and subunit structure of yeast and beef cytochrome oxidase.

Abstract Yeast cytochrome oxidase has been highly purified by a procedure involving solubilization in deoxycholic acid, ammonium sulfate fractionation, and DEAE-cellulose chromatography. Standard preparations of beef cytochrome oxidase have been further purified by glycerol gradient centrifugation. The heme contents of the yeast and beef enzymes, respectively, were 15 and 12 nmoles of heme a per mg of protein. Yeast oxidase is composed of at least seven polypeptides when examined on polyacrylamide gels in the presence of sodium dodecyl sulfate. The molecular weights of the component polypeptides on 7.5% acrylamide gels range from 35,000 to 8,600. The beef enzyme has six subunits of molecular weights 34,500 to 7,300. The molecular weight of yeast cytochrome oxidase, determined by a combination of sucrose gradient centrifugation and gel filtration, was 226,000 after correction for bound detergent.