Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Concomitant allergic contact dermatitis from diphenhydramine and metronidazole

A45-year-oldwomanhada15-dayhistory of an acute, itchy, vesicular and erythematosus eruption around the mouth (Fig. 1). She hadprevious rosacea that had been treated with an antiallergic cream, amedication composed of chlorophyll, kamillosan, erythromycin, metronidazole and diphenhydramine, the concentrations of which were not recorded. The lesions cleared entirely within 10 days of discontinuing the antiallergic cream and applying a topical corticosteroid. Patch testing according to ICDRGcriteriawasnegative to the Spanish Contact Dermatitis Investigation Group (GEIDC) baseline series, the only positive being nickel (þþ at D4). Patch testing with the anti-allergic cream was positive both at D2 (þþ) and D4 (þþþ). Photo-patch tests with the anti-allergic cream were not performed. Photopatch test with the antiallergic cream was not performed. We subsequently performed patch tests with all the ingredients of the cream, and readings were performed after two days of occlusion and positive reactions were noted to diphenhydramine (þþ at D2 and D4) and metronidazole (þþ at D4). A photopatch test was carried out after ultraviolet A irradiation (5 J/cm) and showed a positive reaction to diphenhydramine at 3 D (þþ) with similar strength to previous positive patch test. Results are detailed in Table 1. Controls were performed in 12 healthy patients with negative results.
Integrating Computational and Biochemical Studies to Explore Mechanisms in NF-κB Signaling*

Signal transduction networks regulate cellular function and respond to changes in intra- and intercellular environments. They control both homeostatic and stimulus-induced responses. However, the role and importance of individual network components in the function of the network are often difficult to discern. This is evident when a genetic deletion or mutation does not show an expected phenotype or when a pharmacological treatment has surprising effects. Computational simulations with networks reconstructed in silico as mathematical equations enable functional analysis of network behavior and are well suited to complement in vivo and in vitro studies (1–4). The utility of integrating experimental and computational methodologies derives from the iterative application of each approach to inform the other. Experimental analyses provide critical insight to select the components and reactions to include in the computational model and to constrain the simulation parameters. In turn, the computational analyses provide mechanistic insights to drive further experimental analyses. Studies of the lac operon in Escherichia coli are often cited as original examples of this integrated approach wherein a simple set of mathematical equations was sufficient to account for the transcriptional negative feedback of the lac operon (5). In eukaryotic systems, developmental, cell cycle control, and circadian rhythm processes in several organisms have been examined and validated in silico (6–10). Models of protein kinase cascades have produced important insights such as amplification and temporal fidelity, bistability, and signaling cross-talk (11). More recently, advances in systems biology have produced increasingly complete cellular parts lists that have enabled statistical modeling to reconstruct large scale molecular networks (12, 13). However, the resulting models are largely non-quantitative and do not consider the temporal dimension, although these aspects are essential to biological regulation (4). With top-down network reconstruction efforts identifying functional modules, traditional biochemical bottom-up approaches are critical for providing mechanistic detail. This is where kinetic computational modeling of molecular networks may function as an important bridge for these distinct approaches.
EXCHANGE RATE RISK and INTERNATIONAL TRADE: SURVEY RESULTS on TURKISH FIRMS

Bu cal×uma doviz kuru riski ve uluslararas× ticaret aras×ndaki iliukiyi Turk firmalari icin incelemektedir. Onceki cal×umalardan farkl× olarak, firmalara uygulanan bir anketin sonuclar× deuerlendirilmektedir. Sonucta, firmalar×n, genelde, USD ve Euro’daki deuLumelerden kaynaklanan bu riskin fark×nda olduklar×Q×, ve kendilerini doual hedge ile veya fiyatlar×Q× duzenleyerek koruduklar×Q× gormekteyiz.
Corticosteroid Injection in Early Treatment of Lateral Epicondylitis

ObjectiveTo analyze whether a corticosteroid injection in combination with rehabilitation early in the course of lateral epicondylitis (LE) alters the outcome up to 6 months after injection compared with a control injection and rehabilitation. DesignRandomized, controlled, double-blind study. SettingSports medicine center in a tertiary care center. Participantsubjects with a diagnosis of LE whose symptoms had been present less than 4 weeks were included. Subjects were recruited by word of mouth and through advertising. The 39 subjects who were recruited were 18 to 65 years old. Interventions19 subjects were randomized to receive rehabilitation and a sham injection, and 20 were randomized to receive rehabilitation and a corticosteroid injection. At 4 and 8 weeks, they were reevaluated and their treatment programs were modified, if indicated. Main Outcome MeasuresOutcome measurements were performed at baseline, 4 weeks, 8 weeks, and 6 months, and included a functional pain questionnaire and a visual analogue pain scale. Painless grip strength on the affected side and maximal grip strength bilaterally were measured at baseline, 4 weeks, and 8 weeks. ResultsThere were no significant differences in outcome between the two groups with the exception of an improvement in the visual analogue pain scale in the corticosteroid group from 8 weeks to 6 months. Outcome measurements in both groups improved significantly over time; more than 80% of subjects reported improvements from baseline to 6 months for all scales. ConclusionA corticosteroid injection does not provide a clinically significant improvement in the outcome of LE, and rehabilitation should be the first line of treatment in patients with a short duration of symptoms.
Information transmission and the emergence of a peculiar trading facility in certain emerging markets

A peculiar carry over transaction facility has been associated with emerging markets of India and Pakistan. We show that the trading facility can be considered a market response to the information gaps in these markets. Information can be credibly transmitted through this trading facility. Hence, the emergence of such a trading facility is, perhaps, an example of a creative market response to information problems.
An Evaluative Analysis of Service Quality Gap Using SERVQUAL: A Case of Private Bank in West Delhi

Service sector is the most important contributor to the GDP of the developed economy. It is also dominating in the developing country in the era of globalization. The growing importance of service sector in Indian economy has been observed over the past decade. It is growing rapidly with the growth rate 11.18 per cent in 2007. The contribution of service in the GDP accounted 60.7 percent in 2006 which show the emergence and growth of service sector in agrarian country like India, and within service sector the contribution to bank in the GDP Growth is 2.5 per cent in 2008-09, which is likely to increase 7.7 per cent by 2010.Service being abstract in nature can be experienced through deeds and performance. Measuring service quality is difficult because of its subjective nature. The functional quality is usually the primary determinant of customer’s quality perception. The quality and satisfaction is directly related. In today’s increasingly competitive environment, quality service is critical to corporate success. It is assumed that private sector banks provide superior quality thus, this paper attempts to examine the main features of service quality, GAP model, analyse bank’s performance with respect to various service dimensions, how retail customer rates their service quality and to identify the areas where improvement is sought with the help of SERVQUAL analysis. The study is carried out by using the original SERVQUAL questionnaire (22 questions each for expectation and perception for five dimensions of service quality) developed by Parasuram et. al. Weighted average is calculated to accurately evaluate the GAP of various service dimensions as per the importance place by the customers. The methodology adopted is a convenient judgmental sampling with the sample size of 100 retail customers. The data is collected through structured scheduled and questionnaire, the sources are ATMs and bank customers from various areas of west Delhi.The study reveals that frontline employee are very important in service delivery and key to fullfill the expectation of the customer in terms of service quality.
The influence of industries on SMEs’ engagement in eco-design practices

This thesis contributes by analyzing eco-design practices of SMEs in the service sector and its industries across Europe. Two types of eco-design practices are distinguished: offering of eco-design products and services and investments in eco-design processes (resource efficiency). The service sector is identified as less likely to adopt eco-design practices, due to relatively low resource intensities, marginal financial incentives and a low visibility. However, the service sector represents a high potential in decreasing environmental degradation due to an increased use of natural resources. Also, the service sector is the largest sector in Europe in terms of GDP. Furthermore, the focus on SMEs is important. Previous research mainly examines eco-design practices performed by MNCs. However, SMEs produce 60 to 70% of total pollution in the EU. It is important to get insights in the way SMEs behave in the field of eco-design practices in order to decrease environmental degradation. Also, stimulating the adoption of eco-design practices by implementing focused regulation and policies is important. Regulation nowadays has to be approved by the EU. To provide recommendations for focused regulation and policies, it is important to perform cross-country analyses. By using data for over 5,600 SMEs across 12 sectors in Europe, this study tests hypotheses regarding the service sector and the following industries within the service sector: Accommodation, Transport and Financial. The results indicate that SMEs active in the service sector are indeed less likely to engage in eco-design practices compared to other sectors. Industry-specific analyses show no significant differences between the industries of interest regarding eco-design processes. It could be that resource intensities differences within the service sector are not large enough in order to provide additional financial incentives. The results are consistent to the expectations regarding eco-design products and service offerings. SMEs active in the Accommodation industry are most likely to engage in eco-design products and services, followed by SMEs active in the Transport industry. The Financial industry is least likely to engage in eco-design products and services, as hypothesized.
Transfer of antibodies across the placenta and in breast milk from mothers on intravenous immunoglobulin

We studied the levels of immunoglobulins in colostrum, milk and sera from two common variable immunodeficiency (CVID) mothers (M1 and M2), and in sera from their newborn infants. During pregnancy they continued intravenous immunoglobulin therapy (IVIG). Antibody levels from maternal and cord blood collected at delivery and colostrum and milk, collected on the 3rd and 7th post‐partum days, respectively, were analyzed. Although cord/maternal blood ratios of total immunoglobulins and subclasses, as well as specific antibodies differed between M1 and M2, both showed good placental transfer of anti‐protein and anti‐polysaccharide antibodies, despite lower cord/maternal blood ratios in M2. Anti‐Streptococcus pneumoniae antibody avidity indexes were similar between paired maternal and cord serum. Both mothers’ colostrum and milk samples showed only traces of IgA, and IgM and IgG levels in colostrum were within normal range in M1, whereas M2 presented elevated IgG and low IgM levels, when compared with healthy mothers. The study of colostrum and milk activity showed that they strongly inhibited enteropathogenic Escherichia coli adhesion in vitro. CVID patients must be informed about the relevance of regular IVIG administration during pregnancy, not only for their own health but also for their immune immature offspring. Breast‐feeding should be encouraged as colostra from these CVID patients strongly inhibited E. coli adhesion to human epithelial cells thus providing immunological protection plus nutritional and psychological benefits for the infant.
Response Surface Methods ( RSM ) for Peak Process Performance at the Most Robust Operating Conditions

Response surface methods (RSM) provide superb statistical tools for design and analysis of experiments aimed at process optimization. At the final stages of process development, RSM illuminates the sweet spot where high yield of in-specification products can be achieved at lowest possible cost. It produces statistically-validated predictive models and, with the aid of specialized software, response surface maps that point the way to pinnacles of process performance. This article starts with the basics on RSM before introducing two enhancements that focus on robust operating conditions: • Modeling the process variance as a function of the input factors • Propagation of error (POE) transmitted from input factor variation. Putting all these tools together, the process engineer can find the find the flats – high plateaus for maximum yield and broad valleys that minimize defects.
Some viruses affecting insects of economic importance

An account is given of some viruses affecting insects of economic importance. Twenty-six viruses are listed affecting twenty-two species of insects. Of these viruses eleven cause cytoplasmic, and eight cause nuclear, polyhedroses. Six are granulosis viruses and one virus has no intracellular inclusions. Most of these viruses are new or recently recorded. The granulosis viruses, affecting Pieris brassicae, P. rapae and Melanchra persicariae, and the diseases they cause, are described in some detail. We are indebted to Dr L. L. J. Ossowski of the Wattle Research Institute, University of Natal, and to Mr T. H. Coaker of the Cotton Research Station, Namulonge, Uganda, who sent us, respectively, diseased specimens of the wattle bagworm and the American cotton bollworm, from which the viruses were isolated. Miss S. Vernon-Smith took the electron micrographs, and Mr Simon Frey the photographs on the optical microscope.
Melancholia: Past and Present

Objective: To investigate commonalities in the clinical presentation of melancholia over time. Method: I conducted a comparative study to 2 epidemiologically complete databases from 1875–1924 and 1995–2005. Results: Patients in the historical period (1875–1924, compared with 1995–2005) with a diagnosis of melancholia show a classic profile of endogenous onset, with remission after 6 months, neurovegetative features, and, commonly, psychosis. The incidence of psychotic presentations appears to have fallen in recent decades. Patients in the contemporary period (1995–2010, compared with 1875–1924) at first admission for severe depressive disorders are more likely at an older age, more likely to go on to die by suicide, and will have much more frequent admissions. Conclusions: The data from this study support classical perceptions of melancholia. The poor outcomes in contemporary cases of severe depressive disorders support arguments for distinguishing between melancholia and other depressive disorders.
IDH mutant gliomas escape natural killer cell immune surveillance by downregulation of NKG2D ligand expression.

BACKGROUND Diffuse gliomas are poorly immunogenic, fatal brain tumors. The basis for insufficient antitumor immunity in diffuse gliomas is unknown. Gain-of-function mutations in isocitrate dehydrogenases (IDH1 and IDH2) promote diffuse glioma formation through epigenetic reprogramming of a number of genes, including immune-related genes. Here, we identify epigenetic dysregulation of natural killer (NK) cell ligand genes as significant contributors to immune escape in glioma. METHODS We analyzed the database of The Cancer Genome Atlas for immune gene expression patterns in IDH mutant or wild-type gliomas and identified differentially expressed immune genes. NKG2D ligand expression levels and NK cell-mediated lysis were measured in IDH mutant and wild-type patient-derived glioma stem cells and genetically engineered astrocytes. Finally, we assessed the impact of hypomethylating agent 5-aza-2'deoxycytodine (decitabine) as a potential NK cell sensitizing agent in IDH mutant cells. RESULTS IDH mutant glioma stemlike cell lines exhibited significantly lower expression of NKG2D ligands compared with IDH wild-type cells. Consistent with these findings, IDH mutant glioma cells and astrocytes are resistant to NK cell-mediated lysis. Decitabine increases NKG2D ligand expression and restores NK-mediated lysis of IDH mutant cells in an NKG2D-dependent manner. CONCLUSIONS IDH mutant glioma cells acquire resistance to NK cells through epigenetic silencing of NKG2D ligands ULBP1 and ULBP3. Decitabine-mediated hypomethylation restores ULBP1 and ULBP3 expression in IDH mutant glioma cells and may provide a clinically useful method to sensitize IDH mutant gliomas to NK cell-mediated immune surveillance in patients with IDH mutated diffuse gliomas.
Advertising Strategies and Information Content in American and Swedish Advertising: A Comparative Content Analysis in Cross-Cultural Copy Research

Technological developments make it easier and easier for marketers to standardize their marketing programmes worldwide. There are, however, also strong forces against such a development in advertising, and a standardized advertising approach across countries could hardly be recommended at this point. This article explores the differences between American and Swedish advertising in terms of advertising strategies used, as well as of how informative they are. The result shows that there are fairly large differences between American and Swedish advertising.
The Welfare Effects of Discriminating between In-State and Out-of-State Students

In countries with a decentralized provision of higher education, local governments have incentives to levy higher fees on out-of-state students. This paper analyzes the implications of such preferential fee regimes for welfare and the number of students in a federation by means of a theoretical model in which higher education policies are determined non-cooperatively by local governments. In contrast to the literature on preferential tax regimes (e.g. Keen, 2001; Haupt and Peters, 2005), in my model, a restriction of preferential fee regimes raises federal welfare and enrollment in higher education.
Whither the Mature Market

Abstract The gerontological literature has consistently made note of the danger in using chronological age as the sole predictor of attitudes and behaviors of the elderly. The purpose of this study was to determine whether the mature market is defined primarily by age or whether other variables mediate the effects of age. Data from a tourism marketing study measuring the vacation travel motivations of older individuals living in Illinois, Michigan, Minnesota and Wisconsin were analyzed to examine the importance of 35 travel benefits (push factors) and 85 vacation attributes (pull factors) to mature market members. An elaboration model was used to determine if there were age differences within the mature market (? neo-mature? versus ? veteran-mature? ) and whether these age differences were affected by income and retirement status. Factor analysis of the push factors revealed six underlying travel motives: escape, education, family, action, relaxation, and ego. Factor analysis of the pull factors identified nine underlying vacation travel attributes: natural surroundings, good weather, tourism infrastructure, budget dining and accommodations, cultural and historical attractions, manmade attractions, people, upscale facilities, and outdoor recreation opportunities. Initial results indicated there were significant differences in travel motivations of neo-mature market members (aged 50-64) and veteran-mature market members (aged 65+) for four push factors (escape, education, action and relaxation) and three pull factors (natural surroundings, upscale facilities and outdoor recreation opportunities). However, adding income and retirement status into the analysis as control variables mediated the effects of age. The findings serve as a caution to those who believe that age is a sufficient variable for understanding the mature market.
Anemia, splenomegaly, and increased osmotic fragility of erythrocytes in Abyssinian and Somali cats.

OBJECTIVE To determine clinical and clinicopathologic features of a chronic intermittent severe hemolytic anemia characterized by erythrocyte osmotic fragility in Abyssinian and Somali cats. DESIGN Case series. ANIMALS 13 Abyssinian and 5 Somali cats. PROCEDURES History, pedigree information, and results of routine laboratory tests, special erythrocyte studies, and histologic evaluation of splenic and hepatic specimens were analyzed. RESULTS Age at which clinical signs of anemia were first apparent ranged from 6 months to 5 years. Ten cats had splenomegaly. Most often, the PCV was between 15 and 25%, but it was as low as 5% at some times. The anemia was characterized by macrocytosis and mild to moderate reticulocytosis, but no poikilocytosis. Hyperglobulinemia, lymphocytosis, mild hyperbilirubinemia, and high hepatic enzyme activities were common findings. Results of Coombs tests and tests for infectious diseases were negative. The erythrocytic osmotic fragility was high in affected cats (mean osmotic fragility, 0.66 to 0.78%), compared with healthy cats (0.48 to 0.58). No specific membrane protein abnormality, erythrocyte enzyme deficiency, or hemoglobinopathy was identified. Histologic evaluation of splenic and hepatic specimens revealed extramedullary hematopoiesis and hemosiderosis. Four of the 5 Somali cats were closely related. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE On the basis of results of pedigree analyses, the apparent breed predilection, and the exclusion of other known causes of anemia in cats, we believe that the hemolytic anemia in these cats was likely a result of a novel hereditary erythrocyte defect. A genetic predisposition to immune-mediated destruction of erythrocytes could not be ruled out.
Human Protothecosis

SUMMARY Human protothecosis is a rare infection caused by members of the genus Prototheca. Prototheca species are generally considered to be achlorophyllic algae and are ubiquitous in nature. The occurrence of protothecosis can be local or disseminated and acute or chronic, with the latter being more common. Diseases have been classified as (i) cutaneous lesions, (ii) olecranon bursitis, or (iii) disseminated or systemic manifestations. Infections can occur in both immunocompetent and immunosuppressed patients, although more severe and disseminated infections tend to occur in immunocompromised individuals. Prototheca wickerhamii and Prototheca zopfii have been associated with human disease. Usually, treatment involves medical and surgical approaches; treatment failure is not uncommon. Antifungals such as ketoconazole, itraconazole, fluconazole, and amphotericin B are the most commonly used drugs to date. Among them, amphotericin B displays the best activity against Prototheca spp. Diagnosis is largely made upon detection of characteristic structures observed on histopathologic examination of tissue.