Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Growth Kinetics for the Selection of Yeast Strains for Fermented Beverages

Criteria to select autochthonous yeast strains for their use in fermented beverages include their ability to dominate the media and to enhance desired sensorial characteristics and their inability to produce undesired compounds such as biogenic amines or off-odors. One of the key features in yeast selection is its Implantation , surpassing different stresses, and its fermentation performance, which requires setting up the process and monitoring it, involving important amount of resources. Methods to evaluate the tolerance of yeast strains are usually based in the qualitative measure of the growth of the microorganism in a medium containing the limiting compound after a specific time of incubation. However, studying strain growth through optical density measurements permits to estimate quantitative and comparable parameters providing an insight into the fitness of the cell to certain environment, lag phase duration, growth rate, and maximum population, among others. In the last decades, culture- independent methods have been used to evaluate the dynamic of microbial populations during fermentative process. In this chapter, a review of recent advances in the selection of fermentative yeasts as well as the utilization of kinetic evaluation and molecular strategies in conditions associated with fermented beverage for selecting yeast strains is presented.
A jet-dominated model for a broad-band spectral energy distribution of the nearby low-luminosity active galactic nucleus in M94

We have compiled a new multiwavelength spectral energy distribution (SED) for the closest obscured low-ionization emission-line region active galactic nucleus (AGN), NGC 4736, also known as M94. The SED comprises mainly high-resolution (mostly sub-arcsecond, or, at the distance to M94, ≲23 pc from the nucleus) observations from the literature, archival data, as well as previously unpublished sub-millimetre data from the Plateau de Bure Interferometer (PdBI) and the Combined Array for Research in Millimeter-wave Astronomy, in conjunction with new electronic MultiElement Radio Interferometric Network (e-MERLIN) L-band (1.5 GHz) observations. Thanks to the e-MERLIN resolution and sensitivity, we resolve for the first time a double structure composed of two radio sources separated by ∼1 arcsec, previously observed only at higher frequency. We explore this data set, which further includes non-simultaneous data from the Very Large Array, the Gemini telescope, the Hubble Space Telescope and the Chandra X-ray observatory, in terms of an outflow-dominated model. We compare our results with previous trends found for other AGN using the same model (NGC 4051, M81*, M87 and Sgr A*), as well as hard- and quiescent-state X-ray binaries. We find that the nuclear broad-band spectrum of M94 is consistent with a relativistic outflow of low inclination. The findings in this work add to the growing body of evidence that the physics of weakly accreting black holes scales with mass in a rather straightforward fashion.
Mecanismos de transporte e balance bioxeoquímico do nitróxeno na ría de Arosa

Esta tesis esta estructurada en cinco capitulos. En el primero se trata con relativa profundidad aquellos aspectos que se consideran mas relevantes para la comprension del tipo de circulacion que se establece en un estuario afectado por el afloramiento y de la termodinamica y cinetica de los procesos biogeoquimicos en los que esta involucrado el nitrogeno en el medio marino. En el segundo capitulo se hace una escueta descripcion de la campana oceanografica Galicia-x junto con las metodologias de analisis empleadas. En el tercero y cuarto se estudian las margenes continental y oceanica respectivamente. El ultimo, y mas extenso, versa sobre la variabilidad espacio-temporal del ciclo del nitrogeno en la ria de Arousa. Se hace una descripcion exhaustiva de la matriz hidrografica encontrada durante el periodo estudiado (mayo a octubre de 1989) asi como una evaluacion de la cinetica con la que ocurren las circulaciones fisica (tiempos de residencia) y biogeoquimica (tiempos de duplicacion de los distintos compartimentos de nitrogeno).
Early development of the Drosophila brain: IV. Larval neuropile compartments defined by glial septa

In this study, we have analyzed the architecture of the brain neuropile of the Drosophila larva, which is formed by two main structural elements: long axon tracts and terminal axonal/dendritic arborizations carrying synapses. By using several molecular markers expressed in neurons and glial cells, we show that the early larval neuropile is subdivided by glial sheaths into numerous compartments. The three‐dimensional layout of these compartments and their relationship to the pattern of long axon tracts described in the accompanying article (Nassif et al. [2003] J. Comp. Neurol 417–434) was modeled by using a three‐dimensional illustration computer software. On the basis of their location relative to each other and to long axon tracts, larval brain compartments can be identified with compartments defined by structural and functional criteria for the adult fly brain. We find that small precursors of most of the compartments of the adult central brain can be identified in the early larva. Changes in brain compartmental organization occurring during larval growth are described. Neuropile compartments, representing easily identifiable landmark structures, will assist in future analyses of Drosophila brain development in which the exact location of neurons and their axonal trajectories is of importance. J. Comp. Neurol. 455:435–450, 2003. © 2002 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Soft tissue deformation tracking for robotic assisted minimally invasive surgery

This paper presents a new framework for tracking soft tissue deformation in robotic assisted minimally invasive surgery. The method combines optical feature tracking based on stereo-laparoscope images and a constrained geometrical surface model that deforms with feature motion. This has the advantage of relying on reliable salient feature tracking while embedding underlying constraints on the tissue surface for deriving consistent temporal deformation. The proposed framework is resilient to occlusions and specular highlights. The accuracy and robustness of the proposed method are validated using a phantom heart model with known ground truth. To demonstrate the practical value of the method, example in vivo results are also provided.
Time course of dorsal root axon regeneration into transplants of fetal spinal cord: I. A light microscopic study

Cut dorsal root axons regenerate into intraspinal transplants of fetal spinal cord and establish synaptic connections there. The aims of the present study were to describe the progression of dorsal root growth within the transplants and the maturation of transplant morphology and to determine whether the regenerated dorsal root axons persist within the transplants or eventually withdraw.
Self-Compassion, Psychological Resilience and Social Media Use in Thai Students

Social media is widely used in Thai students, but relatively few studies have explored the effects of social media use on psychological wellbeing. In this study we explored the effects of social media use on self-compassion and psychological resilience. A total of 484 Thai undergraduate students completed a questionnaire and 21 Thai students were interviewed addressing these three constructs. The findings revealed that those Thai students who sacrificed the friends and family time to spend more time on social media use were less self-compassionate and less resilient.
Environmental effects on the interferometric repeat-pass coherence of forests

The variability of C-band one-day tandem coherence measurements of forest is analyzed both statistically and with the aid of a soil-vegetation-atmosphere transfer model coupled to models for dielectric, backscattering coefficient, and coherence. Coherence depends strongly on both moisture and wind conditions. The dependence between coherence and moisture fluctuations in the soil and canopy is simulated using a simplified coherence model neglecting canopy coherence; trends are similar to those observed in measured coherence, but the range of variability observed in the satellite data is underestimated. Improved consistency with the data is achieved by using empirical estimates of canopy coherence derived from mature forest, but still with underestimated variability. The canopy coherence values cannot be predicted from the environmental model, and anomalous observations prevent the formulation of a reliable empirical predictor based on weather data; this could potentially be improved if higher time resolution wind data were made available. The study also suggests that canopy dielectric can vary rapidly in daylight, and that current models for dielectric may be inadequate to capture the effect of this behavior on coherence.
L1-Minimization Algorithm for Bayesian Online Compressed Sensing

In this work, we propose a Bayesian online reconstruction algorithm for sparse signals based on Compressed Sensing and inspired by L1-regularization schemes. A previous work has introduced a mean-field approximation for the Bayesian online algorithm and has shown that it is possible to saturate the offline performance in the presence of Gaussian measurement noise when the signal generating distribution is known. Here, we build on these results and show that reconstruction is possible even if prior knowledge about the generation of the signal is limited, by introduction of a Laplace prior and of an extra Kullback–Leibler divergence minimization step for hyper-parameter learning.
The Effect of Egocentric Taste Judgments on Stereotyping of Welfare Recipients and Attitudes Toward Welfare Policy

Despite the centrality of purchasing behavior and choice to the welfare debate, research has generally understood attitudes toward welfare at a broader level and as a function of rational or deliberative processes (e.g., self-interest, ideology). This project identifies the effect of egocentrism on welfare attitudes, finding that a welfare recipient’s purchase of an item that the participant personally values less (vs. more) leads to increased stereotyping of welfare recipients (e.g., irresponsibility, impulsivity) and favorable attitudes toward policy that would restrict that purchase. This effect is illustrated for both chronic and situational preferences and across a number of products commonly debated in welfare policy. The authors find that egocentrism is robust to debiasing; therefore, tests of boundary conditions involved countering the stereotype of irresponsibility rather than the bias itself. For example, the effects do not emerge in the context of healthy foods and necessities, nor when information suggests that the target consumer is otherwise responsible (e.g., budgeting, clipping coupons). Implications for policy and welfare advocacy are discussed. In general, these findings establish how personal preferences may shape attitudes toward marginalized consumers and related policy.
Power quality analysis and harmonic suppression of high latitude and high alpine region electric vehicles charging station

In China, the first electric vehicles charging station of high latitude and high alpine region was built in Heilongjiang Electric Power Research Institute. In this research, electric vehicles charging station was introduced including a 100 kW DC charger and the main circuit diagram of EV charging station. In order to improve power quality and suppress harmonic, a shunt active power filter was applied in the EV charging station. To verify the effect of the shunt active power filter, charging experiments under different current for a bus were undertaken.
An empirical study on the effects of the separation of the control rights and cash flow rights on the stock price synchronization of listed companies

The synchronization of stock price in recent years is the hot topic of corporate finance. In this paper, we use the data of A share listed companies in China in 2010–2015 to study the barrier of separation of two rights (control right and cash flow right) to market information transmission characterized by stock price synchronization. The results show that: firstly, the separation of the two powers and the nature of the actual controller are positively related to the stock price synchronization. Secondly, the state-owned property of the actual controller significantly reduces the positive impact of the separation of the two rights on the stock price synchronicity.
Functional Programming for Concurrent and Distributed Computing

There are at least two approaches to the design of languages for parallel computing. One approach is to use functional or relational languages which are easy to read, write, transform and verify. The more conventional approach is to use procedural languages which give a programmer a high degree of control over the run-time behaviour of a program. There is a need to reconcile these two approaches in a language which permits both simplicity and efficiency. We propose a small and simple set of annotations {or pragmas) to control the run-time behaviour of a functional program. The annotations allow a programmer to use three forms of parameter passing. The parameter-passing mechanisms correspond to passing by name, value and need in a sequential language. In addition, in a distributed system a programmer can specify that work should be done on the current processor, an arbitrary processor, or a particular processor such as the one containing a specific data item. The annotations cannot affect the meaning (result) of a functional program, except for causing non-termination in some cases (which we view as an extreme form of inefficiency). This separation of meaning from control allows a program to be both simple and efficient. Since non-determinism appears to be unavoidable without significant loss of efficiency in a concurrent system, the interaction of the proposed annotations with non-determinism is briefly considered. The run-time behaviour of an annotated functional program is similar to that of procedural programs using message passing, semaphores or rendezvous to control communication and synchronisation.
Physiological effects of intermittent hypoxia.

Intermittent hypoxia (IH), or periodic exposure to hypoxia interrupted by return to normoxia or less hypoxic conditions, occurs in many circumstances. In high altitude mountaineering, IH is used to optimize acclimatization although laboratory studies have not generally revealed physiologically significant benefits. IH enhances athletic performance at sea level if blood oxygen capacity increases and the usual level of training is not decreased significantly. IH for high altitude workers who commute from low altitude homes is of considerable practical interest and the ideal commuting schedule for physical and mental performance is being studied. The effect of oxygen enrichment at altitude (i.e., intermittent normoxia on a background of chronic hypoxia) on human performance is under study also. Physiological mechanisms of IH, and specifically the differences between effects of IH and acute or chronic continuous hypoxia remains to be determined. Biomedical researchers are defining the molecular and cellular mechanisms for effects of hypoxia on the body in health and disease. A comparative approach may provide additional insight about the biological significance of these effects.
Gate bias circuit for an SCCMOS power switch achieving maximum leakage reduction

Power switch transistors are very effective in cutting leakage currents of digital circuits in standby mode. Moreover, among the existing power switch transistors, SCCMOS is the most suited to a low-VDD environment since it uses a Iow-VTH transistor. This power switch type achieves good leakage reduction results, provided that an optimal voltage is applied on its gate in order to maximize the leakage gain. This optimal voltage value, depending on the operating conditions (process, voltage, temperature), cannot be determined at the design level. We have therefore designed and fabricated a polarization circuit that automatically finds the optimal bias voltage whatever the environment conditions. This circuit, realized in STMicroelectronics bulk 65 nm technology, achieves more than two decades leakage current reduction at the power switch level, for a power dissipation overhead of 45 nW at ambient temperature.
Energy harvesting for mobile communication devices

The present paper introduces commercial components, circuit techniques and design considerations for energy harvesting power supplies in mobile communications. Transforming voltage levels is discussed as well as considerations to use energy storage elements. Furthermore a control method to decrease the power consumption of the communication module is presented. A hardware demonstrator with fully energy-autarkic thermo-electrical power supply is introduced. At last visions of the power supplies future for mobile devices are outlined.
Modelling Collaboration Processes Through Design Patterns

Enterprise 2.0 has been introduced in the SME (Small Medium Enterprise) modifying common organizational and operative practices. This brings the `knowledge workers' to change their working practices through the use of web 2.0 communication tools. Unfortunately, these tools do not allow intercepting and tracing the exchanged data, which can produce a loss of information. This is an important problem in an enterprise context because knowledge of the exchanged information can increase the efficiency and competitiveness of the company. In this article we demonstrate that it is possible to extract this knowledge by an abstraction process of the new operative practices, named collaboration processes, thanks to the use of design patterns. Therefore, we propose design patterns for the collaboration processes useful for modelling typical Enterprise 2.0 activities, having the goal of making more flexible and traceable the use of emerging operative practices.
Targeting the dopamine D2 receptor in schizophrenia

After a 12-year search for the antipsychotic receptor, the binding site was discovered and labelled by [3H]haloperidol in 1975. Of the various neurotransmitters, dopamine was the most potent in inhibiting the binding of [3H]haloperidol, indicating that the antipsychotic receptor was a dopamine receptor, now named the dopamine D2 receptor, a major targeting site in schizophrenia. All antipsychotic drugs, including traditional and newer antipsychotics, either bind to D2 in direct relation to their clinical potencies or hinder normal dopamine neurotransmission, as in the case of partial dopamine agonists. In fact, the antipsychotic concentrations found in the plasma water of treated patients closely match the predicted therapeutic absolute concentrations, adjusted for the 60 – 75% D2 occupancy needed for clinical efficacy. Antipsychotics that elicit low or no Parkinsonism or prolactinaemia are loosely attached to D2 and rapidly dissociate from D2, whereas those eliciting Parkinsonism stay tightly attached to D2 for many hours. Because animal models of psychosis (amfetamine sensitisation, brain lesions) all show a marked elevation in the number of high-affinity states of D2, the antipsychotics are thought to specifically target these D2High states in psychosis in general and schizophrenia in particular.
A Japanese Family With Two Types of Muscular Dystrophy: DNA Analysis and the Dystrophin Test

A unique Japanese family with both Fukuyama type congenital muscular dystrophy (FCMD) and Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) is described. Four boys, all from the sixth generation of the same family, were afflicted with severe neuromuscular diseases beginning in early life, three of them presenting the typical phenotype of FCMD and one, that of DMD. Although DNA analysis by Southern blotting with complementary DNAs representing the whole of the dystrophin coding sequence detected neither gross deletions nor duplications, immunohistochemistry and Western blotting of the biopsied skeletal muscle with an antidystrophin monoclonal antibody (dystrophin test) showed that the ~400-kd dystrophin was expressed normally at the sarcoplasmic membrane of the FCMD phenotype patient but was completely absent in the DMD phenotype patient. From these results, it was presumed that two different childhood muscular dystrophies, FCMD and DMD, coexisted in this family. This unique case illustrates the efficacy of the dystrophin test in the differential diagnosis of the two diseases even when conventional means of diagnosis do not give definite answers and DNA analysis of the dystrophin gene is not informative. (J Child Neurol 1991;6:251-256).
Statistical Perspectives: All Together NOT

An editorial under the title Statistics: all together now, one step at a time appeared in this and other physiological journals earlier this year (Drummond et al., 2011) to announce a forthcoming series of 14 perspective articles on statistics. Two of the articles have now been published in six journals (Drummond and Vowler, 2011a; Drummond and Vowler, 2011b) and the third has started to appear (Drummond and Tom, 2011). The purpose of this letter is to identify what we consider to be substantial errors and omissions.
Cytoplasmic bacteria can be targets for autophagy

Autophagy is an important constitutive cellular process involved in size regulation, protein turnover and the removal of malformed or superfluous subcellular components. The process involves the sequestration of cytoplasm and organelles into double‐membrane autophagic vacuoles for subsequent breakdown within lysosomes. In this work, we demonstrate that the intracellular pathogen Listeria monocytogenes can also be a target for autophagy. If infected macrophages are treated with chloramphenicol after phagosome lysis, the bacteria are internalized from the cell cytoplasm into autophagic vacuoles. The autophagic vacuoles appear to form by fusion of small cytoplasmic vesicles around the bacteria. These vesicular structures immunolabel with antibodies to protein disulphide isomerase, a marker for the rough ER. Internalization of metabolically arrested cytoplasmic L. monocytogenes represents an autophagic process as the vacuoles have double membranes and the process can be inhibited by the autophagy inhibitors 3‐methyladenine and wortmannin. Additionally, the rate of internalization can be accelerated under starvation conditions and the vacuoles fuse with the endocytic pathway. Metabolic inhibition of cytoplasmic bacteria prevents them from adapting to the intracellular niche and reveals a host mechanism utilizing the autophagic pathway as a defence against invading pathogens by providing a route for their removal from the cytoplasm and subsequent delivery to the endocytic pathway for degradation.