Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Use of agronet covers reduces insect arthropod pests and 2 pesticide application and improves yields and profitability of 3 cabbage ( Brassica oleraceae var . capitata )

5 Poor returns from open field cabbage (Brassica oleraceae var. capitata) production in subSaharan Africa are attributed to compromised yield due to high pest infestation. With chemical control measures becoming increasingly uneconomical and hazardous, relatively cheaper and eco-friendly alternative technologies are imperative. Two trials were conducted at the Horticulture Research and Teaching Field, Egerton University, Kenya to assess the yield and economic benefits of using agronet covers against major insect pests of cabbage. A randomized complete block design with five replications and six treatmentssix treatments replicated five times, was used. The Ttreatments comprised of 0.4 mm and 0.9 mm pore diameter agronet covers maintained either by (i) opening thrice a week between 9.00 am and 5.00 pm or (ii) permanently covered except during routine crop maintenance, unprotected cabbage sprayed with insecticide and unprotected cabbage without any insecticide application (control). Agronet maintained permanently coveredPermanent use of agronets significantly reduced populations of cabbage aphids, diamondback moth, cabbage looper, mites, and leaf miners at P=P=0.05. Agronet covers reduced insecticide sprays per crop cycle from 11 to 1 and improved marketable cabbage head numbers by between 15.043. 5% compared to the control and 2.1-27.3% compared to spraying with insecticides. Marketable head weight was higher by between 28.7-130.1% under agronets compared to the control and by 9.3-95.4% compared to spraying with insecticides. The highest cabbage marketable yields and net income on sales were obtained under the 0.9 mm pore diameter agronet maintained permanently covered which gave the highest cost benefit ratio of 1:17.1 Formatted: Highlight Formatted: Highlight Formatted: Highlight Formatted: Highlight Formatted: Highlight
Adaption of Naïve Bayes Classifier in Various Fields

: Despite the directness of the Naive Bayes classifier, it has been one of the most used and powerful classification algorithms. Not only does the model perform better than other more complicated models, but it also requires less training sets than other models. This paper provides a summarization of the implications of the Naive Bayes classifier across many fields of study to see the execution of the Naive Bayes model in nine-teen different circumstances
THE EFFECT OF BRAND AWARENESS, BRAND ASSOCIATION, PERCEIVED QUALITY, AND BRAND LOYALTY TO LAZADA’S BRAND EQUITY

Nowadays, people's shopping habits change from conventional shopping to online shopping. Indonesia is an attractive market share for e-Commerce companies so competition for e-Commerce market in Indonesia is tight. Lazada is one of e-Commerce company in Indonesia which has the most visitors in 2017 and the first quarter of 2018. However, Lazada has the most complaints received and has a small conversion rate. This research aims to find out the effect of brand awareness, brand association, perceived quality, and brand loyalty to Lazada’s brand equity in Indonesia. This research use quantitative method with a sample of 400 respondents. The analytical method used is the Structural Equation Modeling method. The result are the brand awareness and brand association variables had a positive but not significant effect on Lazada’s brand equity, while the perceived quality and brand loyalty variables had a positive and significant effect on Lazada’s brand equity in Indonesia. Based on the results of the analysis, there are a number of things that need to be improved by Lazada regarding perceived quality variables, namely by improving quality and consistency with respondents and increasing brand loyalty from Lazada because brand loyalty variables have the most influence on Lazada's brand equity.
Development of the global atmospheric chemistry general circulation model BCC-GEOS-Chem v1.0: model description and evaluation

Abstract. Chemistry plays an indispensable role in investigations of the atmosphere; however, many climate models either ignore or greatly simplify atmospheric chemistry, limiting both their accuracy and their scope. We present the development and evaluation of the online global atmospheric chemical model BCC-GEOS-Chem v1.0, coupling the GEOS-Chem chemical transport model (CTM) as an atmospheric chemistry component in the Beijing Climate Center atmospheric general circulation model (BCC-AGCM). The GEOS-Chem atmospheric chemistry component includes detailed tropospheric HOx – NOx –volatile organic compounds–ozone–bromine–aerosol chemistry and online dry and wet deposition schemes. We then demonstrate the new capabilities of BCC-GEOS-Chem v1.0 relative to the base BCC-AGCM model through a 3-year (2012–2014) simulation with anthropogenic emissions from the Community Emissions Data System (CEDS) used in the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 6 (CMIP6). The model captures well the spatial distributions and seasonal variations in tropospheric ozone, with seasonal mean biases of 0.4–2.2 ppbv at 700–400 hPa compared to satellite observations and within 10 ppbv at the surface to 500 hPa compared to global ozonesonde observations. The model has larger high-ozone biases over the tropics which we attribute to an overestimate of ozone chemical production. It underestimates ozone in the upper troposphere which is likely due either to the use of a simplified stratospheric ozone scheme or to biases in estimated stratosphere–troposphere exchange dynamics. The model diagnoses the global tropospheric ozone burden, OH concentration, and methane chemical lifetime to be 336 Tg, 1.16×106 molecule cm −3 , and 8.3 years, respectively, which is consistent with recent multimodel assessments. The spatiotemporal distributions of NO2 , CO, SO2 , CH2O , and aerosol optical depth are generally in agreement with satellite observations. The development of BCC-GEOS-Chem v1.0 represents an important step for the development of fully coupled earth system models (ESMs) in China.
Cellular and in-vitro models to assess antioxidant activities of seaweed extracts and the potential use of the extracts as ingredients

Cellular and in-vitro models to assess antioxidant activities of seaweed extracts and the potential use of the extracts as ingredients Author(s) O'Sullivan, Anthoney Michael Naim Publication date 2013 Original citation O'Sullivan, A.M.N. 2013. Cellular and in-vitro models to assess antioxidant activities of seaweed extracts and the potential use of the extracts as ingredients. PhD Thesis, University College Cork. Type of publication Doctoral thesis Rights © 2013, Anthoney M. N. O'Sullivan http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/
Study of physiological maturity in Indian scented rice cultivars (Oryza sativa L.)

The main aim of the present study was to determine the seed development and maturation pattern to fix optimum stage for harvesting of scented rice. Fixation of optimum stage of physiological maturity as well as harvest maturity will ensure better quality seeds and high yield. Reliable information on optimum stage of harvest will enable the seed producer to harvest the seed crop in time. Hence, knowledge on the development of seed from day to anthesis will be highly valuable and useful. To study the physiological maturity of scented rice seeds, five genotypes include Improved Pusa basmati-1, Pusa basmati-1, Type-3, Pusa sugandha-5 and Narendra lalmati were collected at four harvesting stages viz, 15, 25, 35 and 45 days after anthesis (DAA) in three replications to optimum stage for harvest. The dry weight of seed gradually increased with the stages of maturation and reached maximum of 24.7gm on 35 DAA in Pusa basmati-1, followed by 23.4 gm at 45 DAA in Pusa sugandha-5, both the Type-3 and Improved pusa basmati-1 were showed seed dry weight 23.3g on 35 DAA, and minimum 16.1gm at 45 DAA in Narendra lalmati after physiological maturity. Maximum moisture content of 83.8 % at 5 DAA gradually decreased to 13.2 percent at 45 days after anthesis in seeds of the every variety under study. The developing seeds started to germinate at maximum (87.83%) germination on 45 days after anthesis in Improved pusa basmati-1 and minimum (32.0%) germination count was recorded at 15 days after anthesis in Narendra lalmati, which indicates physiological maturity of their seeds.
Managing consumer privacy concerns and defensive behaviours in the digital marketplace

Purpose: The aim of this study is to examine privacy issues in the e-commerce context from a power-responsibility equilibrium theory (PRE) perspective. Design/Methodology/Approach: Data was collected using an online survey (n=335) from online shopping consumers. This study employed partial least squares-structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM) and fuzzy-set qualitative comparative analysis (fsQCA) techniques to empirically examine the proposed relationships. Findings: Lack of corporate privacy responsibility and regulatory protection can deprive consumers of privacy empowerment and damage consumer trust to trigger privacy concerns and subsequent defensive responses. Also, the fsQCA revealed five causal configurations to explain high consumer defensive behaviours. Research limitations/implications: This study identifies the importance of PRE theory in the privacy context. Consumer privacy concerns, privacy empowerment, and trust are established as strong mediators between corporate/regulatory privacy protection efforts and consumer backlash. The application of fsQCA verified that consumer privacy behaviour can be better explained by different configurations of the same causal antecedents. Practical implications: The findings highlight the importance of increasing trust and privacy empowerment as mechanisms to manage privacy concerns and consumer backlash through responsible organisational and regulatory privacy protections. The importance of balancing power and responsibility dynamics for maintaining a healthy information exchange environment is identified.
Barometer, Volume 5 No.2, Juli 2020, 272-276

Fermentasi bioetanol bertujuan untuk memanfaatkan bahan organik terutama limbah organik agar limbah tersebut tidak hanya menjadi limbah semata tetapi bisa menghasilkan bioetanol dengan teknologi fermentasi. Menurut Balai Besar Teknologi Pati (B2TP) ada tiga kelompok tanaman sumber bioetanol: tanaman yang mengandung pati (seperti singkong, kelapa sawit, tengkawang, kelapa, kapuk, jarak pagar, rambutan, sirsak, malapari, dan nyamplung), bergula (seperti: tetes tebu atau molase, nira aren, nira tebu, dan nira sorgum manis) dan serat selulosa (seperti: batang sorgum, batang pisang, jerami, kayu, dan bagas) [1].
Calculations on a Cluster with Distributed Memory: Matrix Decomposition and Inversion in the Commutative Domain

J. Dongarra at his talk at International Congress ICMS-2016 [1] put attansion on the several difficult challenges. He noted that the task of managing calculations on a cluster with distributed memory for algorithms with sparse matrices is today one of these the most difficult challenges. Here we must also add problems with the type of the basic al­ gebra: matrices can be over fields or over commutative rings. For sparse matrices, it is not true that all computations over polynomi­ als or integers can be reduced to computations in finite fields. Such reduction may be not effective for sparse matrices. We consider the class of block-recursive matrix algorithms. The most famous of them are standard and Strassen’s block matrix mul­ tiplication, Schur-Strassen’s block-matrix inversion [2]. Block-recursive algorithms were not so important as long as the calculations were performed on computers with shared memory. The generalization of Strassen’s matrix inversion algorithm [2] with ad­ ditional permutations of rows and columns by J. Bunch and J. Hopkroft [3] is not a block-recursive algorithm. Only in the nineties it became clear that block-recursive matrix algorithms are required to operate with sparse super large matrices on a supercomputer with distributed memory. The block recursive algorithm for the solution of systems of lin­ ear equations and for adjoint matrix computation which is some generalisation of Schur-Strassen inversion in commutative domains was discraibed in [7], [8] and [10]. See also at the book [9]. However, in all these algorithms, except matrix multiplication, a very strong restriction are imposed on the matrix. The leading minors, which are on the main diagonal, should not be zero. This restriction was removed later. The algorithm that com­ putes the adjoint matrix, the echelon form, and the kernel of the matrix operator for the commutative domains was proposed in [11]. The block-recursive algorithm for the Bruhat decomposition and
A New Reduced Size Multiband Fractal Microstrip Patch Antenna for Microwave Applications

A new fractal structure of a circular microstrip patch antenna (CMPA) for multi-band frequencies is proposed. To obtain multi-band characteristics, several techniques can be applied such as fractal geometry, defected ground structure (DGS) and making a slot in the patch. Fractal is one of the methods used to reduce the size of the antenna due to is space-filling ability. The proposed antenna operates at different resonant frequencies, at 3.32 GHz, 4.12 GHz, 4.82 GHz, 5.45 GHz, 6.02 GHz, 6.52 GHz, 6.97 GHz, 7.4 GHz and 7.76 GHz, with the return loss of less than -10 dB, VSWR < 2. The relative permittivity of the substrate used in this model is 1.01, and the face medium of the patch is made up of a perfect electric conductor (PEC). The fractal antenna is designed and simulated using the FEKO comprehensive software version 7.0 that is based on a method of moment (MOM) for solving electromagnetic structures. The performance of the antenna shows good radiation characteristics that makes it suitable for the current wireless communication systems for the S-and C-band applications.
Fish Collagen: Extraction, Characterization, and Applications for Biomaterials Engineering

The utilization of marine-based collagen is growing fast due to its unique properties in comparison with mammalian-based collagen such as no risk of transmitting diseases, a lack of religious constraints, a cost-effective process, low molecular weight, biocompatibility, and its easy absorption by the human body. This article presents an overview of the recent studies from 2014 to 2020 conducted on collagen extraction from marine-based materials, in particular fish by-products. The fish collagen structure, extraction methods, characterization, and biomedical applications are presented. More specifically, acetic acid and deep eutectic solvent (DES) extraction methods for marine collagen isolation are described and compared. In addition, the effect of the extraction parameters (temperature, acid concentration, extraction time, solid-to-liquid ratio) on the yield of collagen is investigated. Moreover, biomaterials engineering and therapeutic applications of marine collagen have been summarized.
Characterization of autonomy in merchant ship

Autonomous ships are creating significant interest in the maritime world and the need for a more consistent definition framework is very apparent. This paper suggests building a framework based on the SAE J3016 standard for autonomous cars, but to extend it where necessary. One main difference is that ships are larger, slower and fewer than cars, but that consequences of accidents may be more severe. This is a typical characteristic of industrial autonomous systems. For ships one also must consider a more complex functional system (duration of voyage, energy, steering, hull integrity and stability etc.) as well as a very likely possibility that autonomous ships will be supervised form shore. This points to a constrained autonomy, where the system has programmable limits to the actions it may take. This creates a more complex taxonomy, in terms of the operational scenario possibilities, in how the control problem is solved and how responsibilities are divided between humans and computer systems.
Using the Cyber Situational Awareness Concept for Protection of Agricultural Enterprise Management Information Systems

There are similarities in information management between military and agricultural systems, e.g. distribution, impact of the environment, mobile agents, and the human factor are functioning in 2-and 3-dimensional space. This allows spin-offs in the implementation of the concept of Cyber Situational Awareness (CSA), which is studied intensively in the defence field, but so far has not been applied with the aim to protect agricultural enterprise management systems. The purpose of this study is to substantiate the directions for the implementation of the CSA concept for the protection of corporate networks of agricultural enterprises, with the hypothesis that this will allow effective protection. The methodological basis is formed by the current provisions of the CSA concept, system analysis and synthesis. Results. The stability of communication channels and security is largely determined by the reliability of data transmission in the network, which is ensured by the design of the appropriate network structure. This in turn will provide opportunities to implement the first level of the CSA concept in IT to protect agricultural management systems.
Africa 4.0 as a Perspective Scenario for Neo-Industrialization in the 21st Century: Global Competitiveness and Sustainable Development

Purpose: The article studies the perspectives of involvement of African countries in the global Fourth industrial revolution based on breakthrough technologies of Industry 4.0. Design/methodology/approach: The methods of imitation modeling, trend analysis, regression, correlation analysis, variation analysis, and scenario analysis were used for determining the future scenarios of development of African countries for periods of up to 2030. The sources of statistical data for the research included secondary data from the IMF and the World Bank. Findings: It is substantiated that the most perspective scenario is neo-industrialization, which has been conducted in recent years by the most progressive countries of the European, American, and Asia-Pacific regions of the world. This scenario will ensure global competitiveness and sustainable development of African countries in the long-term. Originality/value: As a result, the authors develop a conceptual model of Africa 4.0 and offer the algorithm of neo-industrialization of African countries based on breakthrough technologies of Industry 4.0. The article opens a wide field for further scientific research, which should be devoted to adapting the conceptual model of Africa 4.0 to the national specifics of certain African countries for maximization of effectiveness of its practical application.
Microbiological Evaluation of Vegetable Sprouts and Seeds.

Microbiological analyses of commercial sprout seeds indicated aerobic plate counts (APC) and confirmed coliforms ranging from < 30 × 102 to 40 × 103 and from 0 to > 11 × 103/g, respectively. Fecal coliforms were detected in the range from 7.3 to 11 × 102/g; Listeria or Salmonella were not detected. Seeds, pregerminated in potable water (16-18 h, 20-22°C), contained an APC ca. 1 logarithm higher than the corresponding dry seeds. Increased levels of confirmed and fecal coliforms were also detected as a result of soaking. The APC of retail sprouts ranged from 3.6 × 103 to 3.7 × 109/g. All samples contained confirmed and fecal coliforms. Coagulase positive staphylococci were detected in ca. 24% of samples analyzed.
POMDPs in Continuous Time and Discrete Spaces

Many processes, such as discrete event systems in engineering or population dynamics in biology, evolve in discrete space and continuous time. We consider the problem of optimal decision making in such discrete state and action space systems under partial observability. This places our work at the intersection of optimal filtering and optimal control. At the current state of research, a mathematical description for simultaneous decision making and filtering in continuous time with finite state and action spaces is still missing. In this paper, we give a mathematical description of a continuous-time partial observable Markov decision process (POMDP). By leveraging optimal filtering theory we derive a Hamilton-Jacobi-Bellman (HJB) type equation that characterizes the optimal solution. Using techniques from deep learning we approximately solve the resulting partial integro-differential equation. We present (i) an approach solving the decision problem offline by learning an approximation of the value function and (ii) an online algorithm which provides a solution in belief space using deep reinforcement learning. We show the applicability on a set of toy examples which pave the way for future methods providing solutions for high dimensional problems.
Syntax Representation in Word Embeddings and Neural Networks - A Survey

Neural networks trained on natural language processing tasks capture syntax even though it is not provided as a supervision signal. This indicates that syntactic analysis is essential to the understating of language in artificial intelligence systems. This overview paper covers approaches of evaluating the amount of syntactic information included in the representations of words for different neural network architectures. We mainly summarize re-search on English monolingual data on language modeling tasks and multilingual data for neural machine translation systems and multilingual language models. We describe which pre-trained models and representations of language are best suited for transfer to syntactic tasks.
Performance Analysis and Optimization of NOMA With HARQ for Short Packet Communications in Massive IoT

In this article, we consider the massive nonorthogonal multiple access (NOMA) with a hybrid automatic repeat request (HARQ) for short packet communications. To reduce the latency, each user can perform one retransmission provided that the previous packet was not decoded successfully. The system performance is evaluated for both coordinated and uncoordinated transmissions. We first develop a Markov model (MM) to analyze the system dynamics and characterize the packet error rate (PER) and throughput of each user in the coordinated scenario. The power levels are then optimized for two scenarios, including the power constrained and reliability constrained scenarios. A simple yet efficient dynamic cell planning is also designed for the uncoordinated scenario. Numerical results show that both coordinated and uncoordinated NOMA-HARQ with a limited number of retransmissions can achieve the desired level of reliability with the guaranteed latency using a proper power control strategy. The results also show that NOMA-HARQ achieves a higher throughput compared to the orthogonal multiple access scheme with HARQ under the same average received power constraint at the base station.