Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
INTRACRANIAL ELECTROENCEPHALOGRAPHY WITH SUBDURAL GRID ELECTRODES: TECHNIQUES, COMPLICATIONS, AND OUTCOMES

OBJECTIVEIntracranial subdural grid monitoring is a useful diagnostic technique for surgical localization in patients with intractable partial epilepsy. The rationale for the present study was to assess the morbidity of intracranial recordings and the surgical outcomes. METHODSWe retrospectively reviewed the clinical data for 189 unique patients undergoing 198 intracranial subdural grid monitoring sessions between 1996 and 2004 at a tertiary epilepsy center. RESULTSThe mean age of patients undergoing monitoring was 28 ± 14 years. An average of 63 ± 23 electrodes were inserted. The mean duration of monitoring was 8 ± 4 days. Localization of an epileptogenic zone occurred in 156 sessions (79%) resulting in 136 resections (69%). There were 13 major complications (6.6%), including five infections and six hematomas. Three patients (1.5%) developed permanent deficits related to implantation. Sixty-two (47%) of 136 patients undergoing resection were seizure-free after resection. An additional 38 patients (28%) had a significant reduction in seizures. The mean follow-up was 51 ± 30 months. The duration of monitoring, bone flap replacement, number of electrodes, and perioperative corticosteroids were not associated with infection or complication. CONCLUSIONSubdural grid monitoring for identification an epileptogenic focus is high yield, revealing a focus in 79% of monitoring sessions. Complications rarely result in permanent morbidity (1.5%). Surgical outcome indicated that 74% of patients experienced a favorable reduction in seizure tendency.
A hybrid intermediate language between SSA and CPS

Compiler theory is usually studied individually according to the paradigms of the programming language being compiled. As noted by Kelsey, though the static single assignment (SSA) form has been used as intermediate language for imperative language compilers, and some variant of a continuation passing style (CPS) lambda calculus has been used as intermediate language for functional language compilers, they are (almost) equivalent and it is possible to draw syntactic translations between them. This short paper aims to present an untyped intermediate language which may be interpreted as both SSA and CPS, in order to provide a common language for both imperative and functional compilers, as well to take advantage of optimizations designed for either one of the approaches. Finally, potential variants and research opportunities are discussed.
W-band RF-MEMS subsystems for smart antennas in automotive radar sensors

Future automotive radar systems can be realized using smart antennas, wbicb offer a flexible design and control of radar beams. In addition, the complexity and cost of the automotive radar frontend can be reduced. RFMEMS subsystems are employed for beamsteering in phased array systems due to their excellent RF properties and potential low-cost manufacturability. We present W-band RF-MEMS switches and RF-MEMS subsystems for beamsteering in phased array antennas based on phase sbifters or a Rotman lens. The single RFMEMS switch is optimized with respect to its RF and tbermomechanical behavior. Further, coplanar passive components, such as 90" bends and T-junctions are optimized separately. Using these switches and passive components, single-bit stub-loaded-line and switched-line phase sbifters for 45" and, respectively, 90" or 180" phase shift are demonstrated witb very good phase accuracy. For beam switching of a Rotman lens, we further present single-pole-multipletbrnw RF-MEW switching networks. In addition, a packaging approach based on glass-frit sealing witb planar package feedthrougbs and a flip-chip interconnect to microstrip lines on the RF circuit board are presented. We fmlly demonstrate a functional sealglasspackaged and tlip-chip-mounted RF-MEMS switch.
Electrospun carbon nanofibers surface-grafted with vapor-grown carbon nanotubes as hierarchical electrodes for supercapacitors

This letter reports the fabrication and electrochemical properties of electrospun carbon nanofibers surface-grafted with vapor-grown carbon nanotubes (CNTs) as hierarchical electrodes for supercapacitors. The specific capacitance of the fabricated electrodes was measured up to 185 F/g at the low discharge current density of 625 mA/g; a decrease of 38% was detected at the high discharge current density of 2.5 A/g. The morphology and microstructure of the electrodes were examined by electron microscopy, and the unique connectivity of the hybrid nanomaterials was responsible for the high specific capacitance and low intrinsic contact electric resistance of the hierarchical electrodes.
Role of Polymorphonuclear Leukocytes in the Pathophysiology of Typical Hemolytic Uremic Syndrome

Thrombotic microangiopathy and acute renal failure are cardinal features of post-diarrheal hemolytic uremic syndrome (HUS). These conditions are related to endothelial and epithelial cell damage induced by Shiga toxin (Stx), through an interaction with its globotriaosylceramide (Gb3) receptor. Although, Stx is the main pathogenic factor and necessary for HUS development, clinical and experimental evidence suggest that the inflammatory response is able to potentiate Stx toxicity. Lipopolysaccharides (LPS) and neutrophils (PMN) represent two central components of inflammation during a Gram-negative infection. In this regard, patients with high peripheral PMN counts at presentation have a poor prognosis. In the present review, we discuss the contribution of experimental models and patient's studies in an attempt to elucidate the pathogenic mechanisms of HUS.
Scaling of Fault Parameters for Continental Strike-Slip Earthquakes

The long-standing conflict between the predictions of elastic dislocation models and the observation that average coseismic slip increases with rupture length is resolved with application of a simple displacement-depth function and the assumption that the base of the seismogenic zone does not result from the onset of viscous re- laxation but rather a transition to stable sliding in a medium that remains stressed at or close to failure. The resulting model maintains the idea of self-similarity for earth- quakes across the entire spectrum of earthquake sizes.
Toward a stroke-free childhood in sickle cell disease: the 2013 Sherman Lecture.

Stroke in childhood is not common outside of congenital heart disease and a few other conditions including sickle cell disease (SCD). The background rates reported have been between 2.3 and 2.7 per 100 000 per year.1–3 Adults, on the contrary, have a background rate of ≈800 per 100 000.4 There are some special conditions that increase the risk including congenital heart disease, trauma, infections (basilar meningitis), cancer, and SCD.5 Stroke rates in SCD were estimated to be high at 500 to 1000 per 100 000.6 The Baltimore Washington Cooperative Young Stroke Study reported data from 1988 to 1991 at rate of 285 per 100 000 children for SCD.7 For children with SCD, this is a long way for a stroke-free childhood. SCD fundamental pathophysiology results from hemoglobin S forming polymer strands inside the red blood cell which causes distortion of the red blood cell, leading to microcirculatory occlusion and accelerated erythrocyte destruction with release of toxic-free hemoglobin into the vascular system.8 How SCD leads to cerebrovascular disease is only partly understood. Although there are many manifestations of vascular pathology in SCD, the one that plays the most prominent role is an intracranial cerebral large artery vasculopathy causing stenosis or occlusion. This unusual vascular disease process was confirmed 90 years ago9 as a cause of large brain infarctions in patients with SCD, typically children, and confirmed with arterial studies much later. In the mid-1980s, a confluence of factors, from disparate worlds, led to the work herein described. Aaslid et al introduced the transcranial Doppler (TCD) for detection of intracranial artery vasospasm in 1982 based on experience in Norway.10 Interest in this tool was at first manifested in neurosurgery but soon its potential as a noninvasive way to assess intracranial arteries became …
Dividend Policy and Share Price volatility: Evidence From Pakistan Stock Exchange of Listed Commercial Banks

This study examines the all possible dividend policy effect on commercial banks stock price listed at Pakistan stock exchange. The study covers 17 listed commercial banks for the time period 2014 to 2017. To analyze secondary data multiple regression analysis was applied using Stata with the model (MP) Market Price Per Share as the dependent variable and (EPS) Earning Per Share, (ROE) Return on Equity, (RR) Retention Ratio and (DY) Dividend Yield are independent variables. Descriptive statistics were applied to data to check mean, median, maximum and minimum value. The finding of the study shows that EPS shows a highly significant positive impact on the share MP and the other three independent variable return on equity, dividend yields, and retention ratio also show a significant but negative impact on the share MP. These results support the finding of previous studies done by another researcher in the past.
Mathematical models of tubular transport.

Mathematical models of the renal tubule are classified as epithelial, tubular, or multitubular. The simplest epithelial models are single equations that represent the overall transepitheiiai solute and water fluxes as functions of the luminal and peritubular bath conditions. More detailed models represent both luminal and peritubular cell membranes, in parallel with a tight junction, all in series with an epithelial basement membrane. In these models, the presence of transport components in series renders the cell and interspace concentrations unknown variables that must be determined via solution of a set of conservation equations. The tubular models allow prediction of the effect of epithelial transport to modify the luminal solution and, conversely, the effect of altered luminal composition on transepithelial fluxes. Here the conservation equations constitute a set of ordinary differential equations, with initial data that must be integrated along the tubule length. The lining epithelium may be represented by single flux equations, or by a compart­ ) "
Uso de la versión en español del perfil de impacto en la Salud Oral-14 para evaluar el impacto del tratamiento dental en la calidad de vida relacionada a la salud oral entre costarricenses

Objetivo: El “Perfil de Impacto en la Salud Oral (OHIP)” es un instrumento que se ha utilizado para evaluar el impacto de la salud oral desde el punto de vista de la percepcion de la salud integral. En este estudio, se evalua la relacion entre la satisfaccion de la condicion oral y la percepcion de la calidad de vida en un grupo de pacientes en Costa Rica. Materiales y Metodos: Se aplico el instrumento “OHIP EE-14” a 148 pacientes de la Clinica Odontologica de la Universidad Latinoamericana de Ciencia y Tecnologia (ULACIT) (localizada en San Jose, Costa Rica), en dos ocasiones diferentes, para medir el impacto de la intervencion odontologica. Se utilizo la prueba- T con un nivel de significancia de 0.05 para determinar si la percepcion de calidad de vida de acuerdo con la salud oral diferia entre generos durante el curso del tratamiento. Resultados: Hubo una reduccion en el total de puntajes y dominios de OHIP-14 conforme se realiza una intervencion. Las mujeres reportaron una deficiencia mas alta que los hombres en los puntajes totales y dominios de OHIP-14 en las lineas base y despues de las intervenciones. Estas diferencias fueron estadisticamente significativas (P < 0.05), en la linea base entre generos en la suma de los puntajes de OHIP, especificamente en los dominios de dolor fisico, malestar psicologico, discapacidad psicologica y social. Despues de la intervencion, la deficiencia mas alta fue reportada en el genero femenino, con diferencias estadisticamente significativas (P < 0.05) en puntajes de sumatoria de OHIP y en los dominios de limitacion funcional, malestar psicologico discapacidad psicologica y social. Conclusiones: Estos resultados indican que la percepcion de calidad de vida puede verse influenciada por la intervencion odontologica, la que de acuerdo con los resultados produce beneficios psicologicos y sociales en las personas.
Performance Analysis of Contention Based Services with Bulk Transmission in IEEE 802.16 OFDMA Networks

With the development of wireless broadband access, OFDMA technology is widely used for the next generation telecommunication systems. In this paper, we focus on analyzing the performance of contention-based services in IEEE 802.16 OFDMA networks with bulk services. We derive various performance measures such as queue utilization in an subscriber station, probability of unsuccessful bandwidth request, and the mean service time of a packet. The accuracy of the proposed analytical model is validated by extensive simulations.
Caution concerning micrometastatic breast carcinoma in sentinel lymph nodes

A noteworthy and provocative article by Dowlatshahi et al. in this issue of Cancer describes a preliminary study assessing the incidence of occult metastases in the sentinel lymph nodes (SLNs) of patients with small breast carcinomas. SLNs from 52 patients whose primary tumors had a mean greatest dimension of only 1.35 cm were evaluated microscopically in a comparison of routine hematoxylin and eosin (H & E)–stained slides, sectioned at 2 mm intervals, and slides sectioned serially at 0.25 mm intervals and immunostained for cytokeratin (an epithelial marker). The entire SLN sample from each patient (an average of 1.5 lymph nodes per patient) was evaluated. Metastases were found in the SLNs of 6 patients (12%) when examined by H & E staining and in 30 patients (58%) when examined by immunohistochemistry (IHC). Of the additional 24 patients with positive SLNs identified by IHC alone, half of them had lymph nodes that were involved by minute clusters of tumor cells (defined as ,10 cells), whereas the remainder had more substantial but still generally small tumor implants. The unexpectedly high rate of occult micrometastases in patients with such small primary tumors raises a number of perplexing issues. Today, nearly all patients with potentially curable invasive breast carcinoma have most of their axillary lymph nodes (ALNs) excised, primarily for staging rather than therapeutic purposes. ALN status is the most powerful prognostic factor in breast carcinoma and plays a central role in the decision-making regarding subsequent treatment, such as the use of adjuvant systemic therapy. Unfortunately, extensive axillary dissection causes arm pain, arm edema, and limitation of motion in a significant proportion of patients. These problems, coupled with the overall relatively low rate of ALN positivity, have motivated research into less debilitating but, hopefully, equally useful procedures, such as SLN excision. The idea behind the SLN procedure is that the first lymph nodes in the lymphatic drainage from a tumor are the most likely to contain metastases, and the surgery required to remove them is limited and better tolerated than complete ALN dissection. Now, in experienced hands, the ability to identify SLNs and the sensitivity of SLNs for axillary metastases are both well over 90%. 4 This procedure is already replacing standard axillary dissection in some centers, even though its clinical utility has still not been demonstrated in prospective randomized trials. As with any proce905
Disfunções sexuais femininas: questionários utilizados para avaliação inicial

Objetivos: Descricao, comparacao e analise critica de sete questionarios validados utilizados na avaliacao das Disfuncoes Sexuais Femininas (DSF). Material e Metodos: Foram analisados seis instrumentos multidimensionais (Quociente Sexual – Versao Feminina (QS – F), Estudo do Comportamento Sexual no Brasil (ECOS), “Brief Sexual Functioning Index for Women” (BSFI-W) – Breve Indice do Funcionamento Sexual para as Mulheres, “Female Sexual Function Index” (FSFI) – Indice da Funcao Sexual Feminina, “Modified McCoy Sexual Scale” – Escala Sexual Modificada de McCoy, “Profile of Female Sexual Function” (PSFS) - Perfil da Funcao Sexual Feminina e um unidimensional ( “Female Sexual Distress Scale” (FSDS) – Escala de Disturbio Sexual Feminino). Resultados: Sao instrumentos de auto-resposta, de facil e breve administracao. Os multidimensionais tem o proposito de avaliar as fases da resposta sexual e o unico unidimensional (FSDS) foi desenhado para avaliar grau de insatisfacao sexual. Alguns pontos os diferem entre si; somente o ECOS integra identificacao e saude geral, alem da queixa sexual; os disturbios de dor nao sao mencionados no PFSF e no FSDS e o PFSF e diretamente direcionado a mulheres apos a menopausa. Os resultados sao obtidos ou por somatoria de valores ou por analise pontual das questoes. Conclusoes: Uma variedade de instrumentos e capaz de avaliar as DSF. Os questionarios sao instrumentos de avaliacao utilizados com excelencia em estudos e na pratica clinica. Sua grande diversidade reflete a ausencia de consenso ou a inexistencia de um metodo completo. Entretanto, dos metodos atualmente disponiveis, eles sao os mais convenientes para o estudo da DSF. Descritores: Disfuncoes sexuais fisiologicas/diagnostico, Sexualidade, Questionarios
Orientation-specific effects of patterns of adapting light on visual acuity.

Inspection of a pattern of horizontal, vertical, or oblique lines differentially affects the visual acuity for test gratings as a function of their orientation. After a horizontal grating is viewed for 1 sec or longer, the resolution threshold for horizontal contours is greater than the threshold for the identification of vertical and obliquely oriented contours. Conversely, prolonged viewing of vertical contours raises the threshold for the identification of vertical lines above those for other orientations. Similar results are found following adapting exposures to left-and right-oblique contours. The differential masking effects are systematic functions of the duration of exposure to the light-and-dark adapting pattern.
Interplay between the Virus and Host in Rift Valley Fever Pathogenesis

Rift Valley fever virus (RVFV) belongs to the genus Phlebovirus, family Bunyaviridae, and carries single-stranded tripartite RNA segments. The virus is transmitted by mosquitoes and has caused large outbreaks among ruminants and humans in sub-Saharan African and Middle East countries. The disease is characterized by a sudden onset of fever, headache, muscle pain, joint pain, photophobia, and weakness. In most cases, patients recover from the disease after a period of weeks, but some also develop retinal or macular changes, which result in vision impairment that lasts for an undefined period of time, and severe disease, characterized by hemorrhagic fever or encephalitis. The virus also causes febrile illness resulting in a high rate of spontaneous abortions in ruminants. The handling of wild-type RVFV requires high-containment facilities, including biosafety level 4 or enhanced biosafety level 3 laboratories. Nonetheless, studies clarifying the mechanisms of the RVFV-induced diseases and preventing them are areas of active research throughout the world. By primarily referring to recent studies using several animal model systems, protein expression systems, and specific mutant viruses, this review describes the current knowledge about the mechanisms of pathogenesis of RVF and biological functions of various viral proteins that affect RVFV pathogenicity.
Group protocol for object-based systems

Distributed applications are realized by the cooperation of a group of multiple objects. In the group cooperation, a message is multicast and multiple types of message are sent in parallel to multiple destinations. The object waits for multiple messages in conjunctive and disjunctive ways from multiple objects. The authors define a novel precedent relation of messages exchanged among objects in the presence of multicast and parallel-cast and conjunctive-receipt and disjunctive receipt of messages.
Cytohistologic correlation rates between conventional Papanicolaou smears and ThinPrep cervical cytology: A comparison

The ThinPrep® Papanicolaou (Pap) test, a liquid‐based alternative to the long‐used conventional Pap smear, received Food and Drug Administration approval in 1996. The current study is a comparison of the accuracy, as assessed by cytohistologic correlation, of conventional versus ThinPrep® Pap smears in a hospital setting.
Neonatal clinical pharmacology

Effective and safe drug administration in neonates should be based on integrated knowledge on the evolving physiological characteristics of the infant who will receive the drug and the pharmacokinetics (PK) and pharmacodynamics (PD) of a given drug. Consequently, clinical pharmacology in neonates is as dynamic and diverse as the neonates we admit to our units while covariates explaining the variability are at least as relevant as median estimates. The unique setting of neonatal clinical pharmacology will be highlighted based on the hazards of simple extrapolation of maturational drug clearance when only based on ‘adult’ metabolism (propofol, paracetamol). Second, maturational trends are not at the same pace for all maturational processes. This will be illustrated based on the differences between hepatic and renal maturation (tramadol, morphine, midazolam). Finally, pharmacogenetics should be tailored to neonates, not just mirror adult concepts. Because of this diversity, clinical research in the field of neonatal clinical pharmacology is urgently needed and facilitated through PK/PD modeling. In addition, irrespective of already available data to guide pharmacotherapy, pharmacovigilance is needed to recognize specific side effects. Consequently, pediatric anesthesiologists should consider to contribute to improved pharmacotherapy through clinical trial design and collaboration, as well as reporting on adverse effects of specific drugs.
Expression of Tissue Factor by Eosinophils in Patients with Chronic Urticaria

Background: Although several cases of chronic urticaria (CU) are currently regarded as autoimmune in origin, associated with histamine-releasing autoantibodies, an activation of blood coagulation via tissue factor (TF) and a strong expression of TF in lesional skin have been described. Eosinophils, which are involved in CU skin lesions, have recently been demonstrated as the major source of TF in human blood. We assessed whether eosinophils are the cellular source of TF in CU skin lesions. Methods: Twenty patients with severe CU were studied. Skin biopsy specimens were taken from wheals. The control group consisted of specimens of perilesional normal skin from different types of skin tumours (10) and various skin disorders with non-eosinophilic infiltrates, including leukocytoclastic vasculitis (7), lichen planus (8) and mastocytosis (3). TF expression was evaluated by immunohistochemical methods using an anti-TF monoclonal antibody. Co-localization of TF and eosinophil cationic protein, a classic cell marker of eosinophils, was investigated by double-staining studies using 2 specific monoclonal antibodies in the 4 specimens showing the highest TF reactivity scores. Results: All specimens from patients with CU clearly showed TF expression that was absent in all normal control specimens (p = 0.0001) and in the skin disorders with non-eosinophilic infiltrates (p = 0.001–0.0001). The double-staining experiments for TF and eosinophil cationic protein clearly showed that the TF-positive cells were eosinophils. Conclusions: Eosinophils are the main source of TF in CU lesional skin. This finding highlights the role of these cells in the pathophysiology of CU and might pave the way for new therapeutic strategies.