Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Metal Clusters on Semiconductor Surfaces and Application in Catalysis with a Focus on Au and Ru

Metal clusters typically consist of two to a few hundred atoms and have unique properties that change with the type and number of atoms that form the cluster. Metal clusters can be generated with a precise number of atoms, and therefore have specific size, shape, and electronic structures. When metal clusters are deposited onto a substrate, their shape and electronic structure depend on the interaction with the substrate surface and thus depend on the properties of both the clusters and those of the substrate. Deposited metal clusters have discrete, individual electron energy levels that differ from the electron energy levels in the constituting individual atoms, isolated clusters, and the respective bulk material. The properties of clusters with a focus on Au and Ru, the methods to generate metal clusters, and the methods of deposition of clusters onto substrate surfaces are covered. The properties of cluster‐modified surfaces are important for their application. The main application covered here is catalysis, and the methods for characterization of the cluster‐modified surfaces are described.
The protective role of omentin-1 in IL-1β-induced chondrocyte senescence

Abstract Osteoarthritis is a common type of degenerative joint disease. Inflammation-related chondrocyte senescence plays a major role in the pathogenesis of osteoarthritis. Omentin-1 is a newly identified anti-inflammatory adipokine involved in lipid metabolism. In this study, we examined the biological function of omentin-1 in cultured chondrocytes. The presence of omentin-1 potently suppresses IL-1β-induced cellular senescence as revealed by staining with senescence-associated beta-galactosidase (SA-β-Gal). At the cellular level, omentin-1 attenuates IL-1β-induced G1 phase cell-cycle arrest. Mechanistically, we demonstrate that omentin-1 reduced IL-1β-induced expression of senescent factors including caveolin-1, p21, and PAI-1 as well as p53 acetylation through ameliorating SIRT1 reduction. Notably, silencing of SIRT1 abolishes IL-1β-induced senescence along with the induction of p21 and PAI-1, suggesting that the action of omentin-1 in chondrocytes is dependent on SIRT1. Collectively, our results revealed the molecular mechanism through which the adipokine omentin-1 exerts a beneficial effect, thereby protecting chondrocytes from senescence. Thus, omentin-1 could have clinical implication in the treatment of osteoarthritis.
Impact of telemedicine on diagnosis, clinical management and outcomes in rural trauma patients: A rapid review

Abstract Introduction: Rural trauma patients are at increased risk of morbidity and mortality compared to trauma patients treated in urban facilities. Factors contributing to this disparity include differences in resource availability and increased time to definitive treatment for rural patients. Telemedicine can improve the early management of these patients by enabling rural providers to consult with trauma specialists at urban centres. The purpose of this study was to assess the impact of telemedicine utilisation on the diagnosis, clinical management and outcomes of rural trauma patients. Materials and Methods: A rapid review of the literature was performed using the concepts 'trauma', 'rural' and 'telemedicine'. Fifteen electronic databases were searched from inception to 29th June 2018. Manual searches were also conducted in relevant systematic reviews, key journals and bibliographies of included studies. Results: The literature search identified 187 articles, of which 8 articles were included in the review. All 8 studies reported on clinical management, while the impact of telemedicine use on diagnosis and outcomes was reported in 4 and 5 studies, respectively. Study findings suggest that the use of telemedicine may improve patient diagnosis, streamline the process of transferring patients and reduce length of stay. Use of telemedicine had minimal impact on mortality and complications in rural trauma patients. Conclusions: The evidence identified by this rapid review suggests that telemedicine may improve the diagnosis, management and outcomes of rural trauma patients. Further research is required to validate these findings by performing large and well-designed studies in rural areas, ideally as randomised clinical trials.
Suction adhesion in the gliding joint of a cephalopod

ABSTRACT We have discovered features of the nuchal joint in the squid, Doryteuthis pealeii, that are unique compared with moveable joints in other animals. The joint's function is unclear but it allows the head to glide toward and away from the mantle. The head glides along the joint with ease yet disarticulating the joint perpendicular to the axis of movement requires considerable force. After disarticulation, the joint components can be repositioned and full function restored immediately. Thus, an unknown attachment mechanism prevents the joint from being disarticulated yet permits gliding. We show that the joint was formed by the articulation of the nuchal cartilage and a heretofore-undescribed organ that we named the nuchal ‘joint pad’. The joint pad is composed predominantly of muscle, connective tissue and cartilage organized into two distinct regions: a ventral cartilaginous layer and a dorsal muscular layer. Disarticulating the nuchal joint at a displacement rate of 5 mm s−1 required 1.5 times greater stress (i.e. force per unit area) than at 1 mm s−1. The force required to disarticulate the joint increased with nuchal cartilage area0.91 and with nuchal cartilage length1.88. The stress required to shear the nuchal joint was nearly three orders of magnitude lower than that required to disarticulate the joint. Stimulation of the joint pad dorso-ventral musculature resulted in significantly greater shear force required to move the joint (P=0.004). Perforating the nuchal cartilage decreased the stress required to disarticulate the joint to nearly zero. The results support the hypothesis that suction is the attachment mechanism. Summary: Suction adhesion plays an important role in the function of a gliding joint in squid, preventing the joint surfaces from being disarticulated yet allowing sliding motions with minimal resistance.
Mean-level change in pathological personality dimensions over 4 decades in clinical and community samples: A cross-sectional study.

Although normal personality traits change gradually with age, personality disorders have been reported to remit rapidly and completely in little more than 10 years. Such a benign prognosis is surprising and may be due in part to the combined use of categorical diagnoses, seriously ill patients, and longitudinal designs in the existing literature. This study examines, for the first time, the development of personality pathology across a life span by means of dimensional models, represented by the Dimensional Assessment of Personality Pathology-Basic Questionnaire and the Personality Inventory for Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition. We draw upon a cross-sectional design and four large clinical and community samples to avoid previous biases. We found that personality pathology declined by around 0.5 SD overall from age 20 to 60, though with noticeable differences between domains: Dissocial behavior and antagonism decreased by between two thirds and 1 SD; compulsivity increased at the same rate; disinhibition, negative affect, and psychoticism dropped by 0.5 SD; and detachment remained stable or rose slightly. In short, the changes in many clinically important traits are modest, occur at a slow pace, and roughly parallel the maturation effect found for normal personality traits. The resulting picture of personality disorder development is not as optimistic as previous studies would have us believe. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2019 APA, all rights reserved).
Photo-Model-Based Stereo-Vision 3D Perception for Marine Creatures Catching by ROV

By incorporating visual information obtained from the installed vision sensor into the feedback loop, visual servoing enables the robot to be able to operate in a changing environment or an unknown environment. In the past, the authors have proposed a real-time monocular fish-catching robot. However, it is insufficient for new demands, especially fish-catching in 3D space. To overcome these problems, a binocular stereo-vision system with photo-model-based recognition method has been proposed for picking and placing clothes. Then, this previous research has been the base for extending the stereo-vision pick-and-place system to a three-dimensional (3D) object visual servoing system, which used the genetic algorithm (GA) of the fishing-catching robot. This paper verifies the visual servoing ability of the system for a moving 3D object through visual servoing experiment. In the experiment, marine creature toy floated on the water in the pool without pose constraints. It is confirmed from the experimental results that the proposed system can be used to capture a moving marine creature target and is not susceptible to partial occlusion conditions.
Мутации Лейдена и течение острого панкреатита тяжелой степени

Objective: to evaluate the impact of Leiden mutation on the course of severe acute pancreatitis. Subjects and methods. One hundred and twelve people were examined. Group 1 comprised 50 patients diagnosed with severe acute pancreatitis without coagulation factor V (Leiden) mutation. Group 2 included 42 patients with severe acute pancreatitis who were found to have Leiden mutation. Acute pancreatitis was first diagnosed in both groups. Group 3 consisted of 20 apparently healthy individuals (a control group). The severity of the underlying disease was determined in accordance with the clinical and laboratory parameters recommended by the I. I. Dzhanelidze Saint Petersburg Research Institute of Emergence Care. Results. This investigation revealed an association of Leiden mutation with trends in the development of acute pancreatitis. Group 2 exhibited a more severe disease: large focal pancreatic necrosis was twice more common and infectious complications developed more frequently; more aggressive and radical treatments were more often used. The patients with Leiden mutation had higher mortality rates (33% in the Leiden mutation group and 24% in the non-mutation group. Conclusion. The findings should be kept in mind in elaborating new diagnostic methods and principles in the treatment of the underlying disease and in the prevention of its complications in patients with severe acute pancreatitis. Key words: acute pancreatitis, Leiden mutation.
Status and Bribery

Social status, and the dynamics of social status, may be an important predictor of which companies engage in large-scale bribery, but prior theory is incomplete and empirical attempts to study this question have lacked the kind of comprehensive and reliable firm-level bribery data. We study this question using a novel historical data from South Korea, where the internal records of two presidents from the 1987-1992 time period were unexpectedly opened up ex post to legal and public scrutiny. We find that, controlling for alternative explanations, falling high status, namely high historical social status but current-period economic performance not keeping pace with industry peers, is an economically and statistically significant predictor of large-scale bribery.
High-speed visualization of metal oxide precursor in thermal plasma flow during nanoparticle formation

Recent advances in nanotechnology have enabled researchers to control the morphology, phase composition by a wide variety of synthesis techniques such as liquid phase method. However, one common disadvantages of these techniques is their low production capability, either due to their scaling limitation of the equipment, their long operation time and/or large amount of steps required. Instead of these methods, thermal plasma method is one of the most promising method to synthesize many kind of nanomaterials such as pure metals, alloys, intermetallic compounds, carbides, nitrides, and oxides at high-production rate in the order of kilograms per hour (Kodama et al., 2014; Homma et al., 2014). This is because of its unique advantages such as high temperature, high enthalpy to enhance reaction kinetics, rapid quenching capability to produce chemical non equilibrium materials, and selectivity of atmosphere in accordance with required chemical reactions. These advantages have brought advances in plasma chemistry and plasma processing (Heberlein and Murphy, 2008; Shigeta and Murphy, 2011). A multiphase AC arc is one of the most attractive thermal plasma sources due to its advantages; higher energy efficiency, larger plasma volume, and lower gas velocity compared with the conventional thermal plasma sources. Therefore, the multiphase AC arc has been applied to an innovative material processing such as in-flight glass melting technology (Watanabe et al., 2010) and nanomaterial fabrication processes. Previous researches on fundamental phenomena in the multiphase AC arc revealed its unique spatial and temporal characteristics (Tanaka et al., 2017: Okuma et al., 2018), which could have strong influence on the nanoparticle formation of metal oxide and their properties. Formation mechanism of nanoparticles composed of metals or intermetallic compounds in thermal plasma have been clarified experimentally and numerically. Nanoparticle formation mechanisms of metal silicide (Watanabe et al., 2001; Shigeta and Watanabe, 2005, 2007a, 2016) and metal boride (Cheng et al., 2012; Shigeta and Watanabe, 2007b) have High-speed visualization of metal oxide precursor in thermal plasma flow during nanoparticle formation
Novel Architecture for IoT Based Video Streaming over Cloud

The IP camera has been in existence over the last decade. Video streaming has been used effectively f or surveillance purpose. However, in advanced technologies like mob ile, IoT and computing devices, streaming has been integral part of the life. People are using this technology to stream local ev nts to reach more number of people due to the emergence of IoT a nd reduction in the cost of the devices. Hence it has been anoth er popular platform for video streaming. However, due to limited processing capabilities of the IoT devices for streaming large user data and bigger bandwidth requirement is immensely difficult. To overcome from this problem, we can offer a reali stic QoS guaranteed video streaming, irrespective of number of users. In this paper, architecture for video streaming is proposed where data is encoded with MJPEG format at IoT and then it is transferred to more powerful client system running on the local ne twork. Client system mixes audio and video and encodes this entir e pattern into industry standard H.264 with a very high compressio n ratio and with minimum loss of quality. The encoded data is mitigated to cloud which ensures high reliability, efficiency and QoS to stream clients. Index Terms — Video streaming, Encoder, Cloud, Compression, Streaming, Frame Rate.
Differentials in Wage Equity Between the Public and Private Sectors

This study compares the wage rates for Canadian-born workers in the private sector to workers in the public sector. Utilizing 2006 Census of Canada data, I find that wage gaps for minority men in comparison to Caucasian men are generally smaller in the public sector. In contrast, I did not find statistically significant wage gaps between minority women and Caucasian women in either sector. Gender-wage gaps are substantial in both sectors but smaller in the public sector. Overall the public sector has a wage advantage when compared to the private sector, and the advantage is greater for some male minority groups and for Caucasian women than it is for Caucasian men. This suggests that some of the overall wage advantage of the public sector may be due to greater wage equity for its workers.
Compilation schemes for high-level fault-tolerant distributed protocols

Fault-tolerant distributed data structures are at the core distributed systems. Due to the multiple sources of non-determinism, their development is challenging. The project aims to increase the confidence we have in distributed implementations of data structures. We think that the difficulty does not only come from the algorithms but from the way we think about distributed systems. We will investigate partially synchronous programming abstractions that reduce the number of interleavings, simplifying the reasoning about distributed systems and their proof arguments. We will use partial synchrony to define reduction theorems from asynchronous semantics to partially synchronous ones, enabling the transfer of proofs from the synchronous world to the asynchronous one. Moreover, we will define a domain specific language, that allows the programmer to focus on the algorithm task, it compiles into efficient asynchronous code, and it is equipped with automated verification engines. The internship is financed by the ANR project SAFTA Static analysis of fault-tolerant algorithms.
Online Video Game Streaming using Cloud Gaming

The present paper mainly focuses on review of cloud gaming. In cloud gaming, sophisticated game runs on powerful servers in data centers, rendered game scenes are streamed to gamers over the Internet in real-time, and gamers use lightweight software executed on devices to interact with the games. Computer games used to take more time to get installed on Computer systems as games are too complicated and the computer hardware has low specifications. Gamers have to repeatedly upgrade their computers to play latest computer games. Cloud gaming is a system that has the potential to make virtually any video game, regardless of system requirements, to be played on almost any system.
Pharmacophore model generation of PDE4 inhibitrs

Objective To generate the pharmacophore model of PDE4 inhibitors and thus to guide the investigation on virtual screening of traditional Chinese medicines. Methods Based on the training set composed of 22 PDE4 inhibitors,pharmacophore models were generated by HypoGen program of the Catalyst software. The IC50 of the inhibitors varied from 0.042 to 23000 nmol·L-1. The pharmacophore models were a set of 3-D pharmacophore features,which were constructed by the generation of conformational models and alignments of conformations based on the training set. By screening the highest hit% of the models,the best one was confirmed. Results The best pharmacophore model consisted of two Hydrogen-bond acceptors,one Hydrophobic aliphatic region,one Ring aromatic feature,and six excluded volumes. Its correlation coefficient,and total,fixed,null,△,and configuration costs were 0.9047,117.7,90.84,180.4,62.7,and 15.71,respectively. According to the database screening,the radio of hits to active compounds from the MDL Drug Data Report Database was 58.95%. Conclusions The pharmacophore model of PDE4 inhibitors has a high predictive ability,and thus can be used as a query for database screening. By using such a model,we may find new PDE4 inhibitors in traditional Chinese medicine for developing traditional Chinese medicines and material medica.
A Rare Case of Pneumocystis jirovecii Pneumonia: In a Nonimmunocompromised Host

Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia (PJP) is an opportunistic pathogen known to occur exclusively in immunocompromised hosts. To our knowledge, among immunocompetent hosts, a total of 13 cases have been reported in the literature. We present a case of a nonimmunocompromised woman presenting with hypoxemic respiratory failure found to have PJP pneumonia. The pathogenesis of PJP in immunocompetent patients is not known. The most common symptoms reported in the immunocompetent population include fever and shortness of breath. Immunocompetent patients with PJP have a shorter duration of illness, a lower partial pressure of oxygen tension (PaO2), increased incidence of pleural effusion, and increased mortality. Cotrimoxazole remains the treatment of choice, but the duration of therapy and whether to add corticosteroids is unknown. Although rare in immunocompetent patients, in those presenting with compatible symptoms/signs and radiographic findings, an evaluation for PJP should be considered.
Validity of Acid-Fast Smear of Gastric Aspirates for the Diagnosis of Childhood Pulmonary Tuberculosis among Human Immunodeficiency Virus-Infected Children

Background/Aims: Gastric aspirate specimen is accepted as an alternative specimen of choice to sputum in the diagnosis of childhood pulmonary tuberculosis (TB); and specimen microscopy is usually the only available bacteriologic confirmatory test for streaming cases into the National TB Control Programme treatment protocol. Doubts expressed about the continued relevance of this test among the HIV-infected are based on observations that the bacteriologic yield of acid-fast smears of gastric aspirate specimens from these patients is markedly reduced. This study is aimed at determining the validity of acid-fast smear of gastric aspirates among the HIV-infected and compare with those of the HIV-uninfected. Design, Place and Duration of Study: Diagnostic study. Suspected tuberculosis patients registered in the paediatrics department of University of Benin Teaching Hospital Original Research Article International Journal of TROPICAL DISEASE & Health, 4(1): 111-122, 2014 112 were prospectively recruited from January 2010 to March, 2011. Methodology: A total of 263 children were recruited. Voluntary counseling and testing for HIV was done for each child. Two to three gastric aspirate specimens were also collected from each child using standard gastric aspirate (GA) collection protocols. On each specimen, Zeihl-Neelsen (ZN) staining and culture on Ogawa medium were done. After two or more weeks of incubation, typical acid-fast bacilli isolates on Ogawa medium, which failed to grow on para-nitrobenzoic acid-Ogawa (PNB-Ogawa) media were taken as positive culture for Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex (MTBC). MTBC Culture was taken as the “Reference test” for calculations of sensitivity and specificity. Results: Of the 263 children surveyed 116 (44.0%) were HIV-infected while 147 (56.0%) of them were HIV-uninfected. Among HIV-infected patients, the sensitivity was 38.3% [95%CI:24.4 – 52.2] while the specificity was 95.7% [95% CI:90.9 – 100.0]. Among the HIV-uninfected patients, the sensitivity was 22.0%[95%CI:10.5 – 33.5] while the specificity was 99.0%[95% CI:96.9 -100.0]. The sensitivity of the acid-fast smear in the HIV-infected group of patients was significantly higher than that of the HIV-uninfected group (p = 0.0401). The difference in specificity between the two groups was not statistically significant (p=0.496). There was also no significant difference in their respective positive-predictive values (85.7 vs 91.7)(p = 0.60). Conclusion: The sensitivity of GA acid-fast smear was significantly higher among the HIV infected group.