Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Generic Slot and Pole Number Combinations for Novel Modular Permanent Magnet Dual 3-Phase Machines With Redundant Teeth

In order to provide the general guidance in constructing the novel modular machines with redundant teeth, the available slot and pole number combinations based on the balanced conditions are summarized in this article. After the brief review of the machine structure, the general slot and pole number combinations are listed: Firstly, the conventional modular machines used to construct the proposed modular machines need to possess integer times of 3 repetitive machine units. Each machine unit should construct as a 3-phase type. Then, a redundant machine unit providing the redundant teeth for modularity is necessary. This redundant machine only has one pole pair to make sure the space waste is minimal. The slot number of this redundant machine is determined by the greatest common divisor of the slot and pole pair numbers of the conventional modular machine. Finally, the combination of the conventional modular machine and the redundant one generates the proposed modular machine. In order to clearly illustrate the influence of slot and pole number combinations on machine performance, four combinations are chosen as examples to be compared. A 42-slot/32-pole machine is prototyped and tested to validate the analyses.
Harnessing semantic segmentation masks for accurate facial attribute editing

In recent years, with the rapid development of adversarial learning technology, facial attribute editing has made great success in a number of areas. Realistic visual effect, invariant identity information, and accurate editing area are the three key issues of facial attribute editing. Unfortunately, most researches focus on the former two problems. However, lack of awareness of the accurate editing area in the task is the main reason for damaging attribute‐irrelevant details. To address this issue, this article proposes a novel facial attribute editing algorithm—a generative adversarial network (GAN) with semantic masks—from the perspective of editing location accuracy. By generating the mask with respect to attribute‐related areas, the semantic segmentation network can only constrain the manipulation in the target region while not harming any attribute‐irrelevant details. The GAN is then combined with the semantic segmentation network to formulate the entire framework, which is referred to as SM‐GAN. Extensive experiments on the public datasets CelebA and LFWA prove that the presented method can not only ensure that the attribute manipulation is realistic, but also allow attribute‐irrelevant regions to remain unchanged. Moreover, it can also simultaneously edit multiple facial attributes.
Alternative procedure for determining lysine maintenance requirement in poultry

ABSTRACT The objective with this study was to determine the lysine maintenance requirements (LMR) of male and female broilers as animal models. A total of 252 birds were used for nitrogen balance trials during three periods (I: 6-21, II: 22-37, and III: 38-53 days). Six lysine levels were used (2.76, 5.88, 8.99, 12.1, 15.2, and 18.3 g kg−1) with six replications. A control group also included, totalizing seven treatments for males and females for each assay. The experimental period was [. ]
Polymorphic microsatellite loci in global populations of the marine coccolithophorid Emiliania huxleyi

The marine coccolithophorid Emiliania huxleyi is an important component of the marine carbon cycle because bloom development results in the export of calcium carbonate from the ocean surface to the abyss. Laboratory and field studies demonstrate significant biogeographical, ecological, physiological and morphological plasticity in E. huxleyi and suggest high underlying genetic variability. Here we describe seven polymorphic microsatellite loci from the E. huxleyi genome and their degree of polymorphism in clonal isolates of different geographical origin. Our results indicate a high degree of genetic diversity within E. huxleyi.
Clinical influenza virus and the embryonated Hen's egg

Virtually all our knowledge regarding the causative agent of influenza is based on studies of virus which has been grown in embryonated hens' eggs. These have been the most popular substrate for propagating influenza viruses for a considerable time because of their availability, their ease of use and yield of virus. However, for human influenza strains it was recognised 50 years ago by Bumet and Bull' that the freshly isolated clinical virus has to 'adapt' in order to grow in the allantoic cavity of the egg. The extent to which past findings, which were based on egg-adapted virus, reflect the 'natural' virus present in original clinical material has been the subject of considerable investigation in this Institute since Schild ef ~ 1 . ~ described the host cell selection of antigenic variants of human influenza virus 10 years ago. They demonstrated that influenza B virus grown in embryonated hens' eggs is antigenically distinct from virus derived from the same clinical specimen but isolated and propagated exclusively on mammalian cell cultures.2 We now know that the adaptation process is a relatively sudden event occurring during the first passage of virus in the allantoic cavity of the egg and involves the selection of a variant with the required characteristics for successful growth in the cells of the allantois. This review will describe the molecular events associated with this initial egg adaptation of human influenza virus and also the implications of this selection process on the use of eggs for propagating human strains for epidemiological surveillance and vaccine production.
Orange Fruit Disease Classification using Deep Learning Approach

Orange fruit disease prediction carried out in farms is not using technology to the fullest for the production of good quality oranges. This leads to financial losses and reduction of profit to farmers. Classification and identification of diseases can be done using image processing at a low cost. In the proposed work, orange fruit images are given as input; segmentation uses color threshold to segment the images. In feature extraction, eight features which are specific to orange fruit are extracted. Then deep learning approach is used to recognize the orange fruit diseases at the initial phase of production. It can give proper treatment to the orange tree so that the cultivation of good quality orange fruit can be yielded. The overall accuracy of the system achieved is 93.21%. Hence, this paper aims to automate the process of orange fruit classification and identification, thereby maximizing economic benefits and improving the quality of life of farmers.
Synthetic Approach Toward the Partial Sequences of Betaglycan in the Linkage Region on Solid Support and in Solution Phase

We have synthesized, for the first time, the partial sequence of the betaglycan composed of the tetraosyl hexapeptide, which was directly usable as a probe for enzymatic glycosyl transfer. Stepwise elongation afforded the corresponding tetraosyl trichloroacetimidate. The common glycosyl dipeptide:[β‐d‐GlcA‐(1→3)‐β‐d‐Gal‐(1→3)‐β‐d‐Gal‐(1→4)‐β‐d‐Xyl‐(1→O)‐Ser‐Gly] was synthesized by glycosylation of the corresponding tetraosyl trichloroacetimidate and Ser‐Gly moiety. The glycosyl dipeptide was coupled with other core peptide parts in solution phase and on a solid support. These glycosyl hexapeptides were then transformed into the desired target compounds.
Towards Robust Combined Deep Architecture for Speech Recognition : Experiments on TIMIT

Over the last years, many researchers have engaged in improving accuracies on Automatic Speech Recognition (ASR) task by using deep learning. In state-of-the-art speech recognizers, both Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) and Gated Recurrent Unit (GRU) based Reccurent Neural Network (RNN) have achieved improved performances compared to Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) and Deep Neural Network (DNN). Due to the strong complementarity of CNN, LSTM-RNN and DNN, they may be combined in one architecture called Convolutional Long Short-Term Memory, Deep Neural Network (CLDNN). Similarly we propose to combine CNN, GRU-RNN and DNN in a single deep architecture called Convolutional Gated Recurrent Unit, Deep Neural Network (CGDNN). In this paper, we present our experiments for phoneme recognition task tested on TIMIT data set. A phone error rate of 15.72% has been reached using the proposed CGDNN model. The achieved result confirms the superiority of CGDNN over all their baselines networks used alone and also over the CLDNN architecture.
Single-Crystal Growth and Small Anisotropy of the Lower Critical Field in Oxypnictides: NdFeAsO1 − xFx

High-quality single crystals of the unconventional superconductor NdFeAsO1 − xFx were grown. We developed a new optimized flux technique to overcome the difficulties in single-crystal growth and the sample quality limitations of NdFeAsO1 − xFx. The normal state of the F-doped samples exhibits simple metallic behavior upon cooling down from room temperature, followed by a sharp superconducting transition. The values of residual resistivity ratio (RRR) is 3.2, 6.4, and 10.3 for x = 0.1, 0.15, and 0.2, respectively. Both the large RRR and the narrow superconducting transition signpost the high quality of the crystals. We have examined the in- and out-of-plane lower critical fields, and the field at which vortices penetrate the sample of NdFeAsO1 − xFx (x = 0.1). The anisotropy ratio [γHc1 (0)] increased slightly with increasing temperature from 0.8 Tc to Tc. The temperature dependence of the first vortex penetration field was obtained under the static magnetic field, H, parallel to the c- and ab- axis, and pronounced changes in the Hc1(T) curvature were observed, which are attributed to the multi-band superconductivity.
Formulasi Kebijakan Pidana Denda Dan Uang Pengganti Dalam Penegakan Tindak Pidana Korupsi Di Indonesia

Indonesia adalah negara hukum berdasarkan pasal 1 ayat (3) Undang undang Dasar 1945 maka segala praktek menjalankan due proses of law harus berdasarkan hukum dan peraturan perundang-undangan. Pertanggung jawaban keuangan negara yang berdimensi merugikan dan atau tidak merugikan keuangan negara dalam perspektif hukum pidana harus berdasarkan asas legalitas, kepastian hukum,kemanfaatan, keadilan, teori pembuktian dan bertujuan untuk menyelamatkan keuangan negara dari para pelaku sehingga kerugian negara mampu dikembalikan dengan hukum yang efektif yaitu melalui hukuman denda dan uang pengganti tanpa pengganti penjara. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui dan menganalisis formulasikebijakan pidana denda dan uang pengganti tanpa pengganti penjara dalam penegakan tindak pidana korupsi di Indonesia. Methode penelitian ini memakai metode yuridis normatif yaitu methode penelitian dengan bahan primer, sekunder dan tersier seperti peraturan perundang undangan, jurnal dan buku. Peneliti berkesimpualan pertama; Pengaturan pertanggungjawaban hukuman denda hanya terdapat dalam Pasal 10, Pasal 30 dan 31 KUHP sedangkan dalam tindak pidana korupsi hukuman denda tidak mengatur secara rinci kemudian uang pengganti pada terpidana korupsi diatur dalam pasal 18 ayat (1),(2) dan (3) Undang undang No.31 tahun 1999 jo Undang Undang No.20 Tahun 2001 Tentang Pemberantasan tindak pidana korupsi. Kedua; perlu adanya Formulasi kebijakan dalam peraturan perundang undangan mengenai hukuman denda dan uang pengganti yang terdapat dalam Undang undang tindak pidana korupsi khususnya mengenai pidana denda dan uang pengganti agar tidak diganti dengan penjara tapi dengan cara di cicil dengan kesepakatan waktu yang diberikan kepada pelaku dan tidak diganti dengan hukuman penjara sebagaimana ketentuan peraturan perundang undangan.
A rapid method for determination of acid phosphatase activity of whole yeast cells

A simple and rapid procedure for determination of intracellular acid phosphatase activity without the need for disruption of cells is described. Candida lipolytica cell suspension was treated with 0.1% Triton X‐100 for 30 min at room temperature and with intermittent shaking. The enzyme assay is carried out directly with the permeabilized cell suspension. Permeabilization of the yeast cells top‐nitrophenylphosphate by Triton X‐100 provides almost 100% efficiency in determining the total acid phosphatase activity compared to results obtained with disrupted yeast cells.
How trophic cascades and photic zone nutrient content interact to generate basin-scale differences in the microbial food web

In linear food chains, resource and predator control produce positive and negative correlations, respectively, between biomass at adjacent trophic levels. These simple relationships become more complex in food webs that contain alternative food chains of unequal lengths. We have used a “minimum” model for the microbial part of the pelagic food web that has three such food chains connecting free mineral nutrients to copepods: via diatoms, autotrophic flagellates, and heterotrophic bacteria. Trophic cascades from copepods strongly modulates the balance between the three pathways and, therefore, the functionality of the microbial food web in services such as food production for higher trophic levels, DOM degradation, and ocean carbon sequestration. The result is a theoretical framework able to explain, not only apparent conflicts in Arctic mesocosm experiments, but also biogeochemical features of the Mediterranean. Here, the fundamental difference between Arctic and Mediterranean microbial food webs is the way they are predator driven by seasonal migration of large copepods in the Arctic, but resource driven due to the anti-estuarine circulation in the Mediterranean. In this framework, global change effects on microbial ecosystem functions are more like to come indirectly through changes in these drivers than through direct temperature effects on the microbes.
Colonization Characteristics and Composition of Dark Septate Endophytes (DSE) in a Lead and Zinc Slag Heap in Southwest China

The colonization characteristics and diversity of dark septate endophytes (DSE) associated with plants growing in a lead and zinc slag heap with a more than 250-year history in southwestern China were assessed. A total of 117 plant samples belonging to 29 species and 19 families were examined, and 97% (28/29) were colonized by dark septate fungal hyphae or microsclerotia. DSE colonization intensity varied greatly across plant species and also across individuals of the same species, showing a hyphal colonization range of 0.0–35.7%. In total, 38 melanized root-associated fungi with various morphological characteristics were isolated and 82% (31/38) of fungi were closely related to well-known DSE fungi, such as Exophiala spp. , Phialophora (= Cadophora) spp. , Phialocephala spp. , and Leptodontidium spp. Among these, Phialophora and Exophiala were the dominant genera. Our results showed that DSE dominantly colonized the roots of the pioneer plants growing in such an ancient Pb-Zn slag heap. By contributing to metal tolerance and nutrient acquisition, DSE may be integral to the function of metal mine ecosystems.
Understanding diverse approaches to predator management among gamekeepers in England

1. Disagreements and disputes over the management of predatory animals are a frequent feature of conservation conflicts. In the UK, there are long-standing conflicts surrounding legal and illegal killing of predators as part of management fostering game species as quarry for sport shooting. Despite the central role of gamekeepers as stakeholders and actors in this predominant form of predator management, little direct attention has been paid to their perspectives and motivations. We
An Unusual Presentation of Insulinoma: Confusion With Psychiatric Symptoms

Insulinoma is a rare but common functional neuroendocrine tumor that secretes an excess amount of insulin resulting in mostly fasting hypoglycemia but can also cause postprandial hypoglycemia. It usually presents with neuroglycopenic and autonomic sympathetic symptoms that resolve following the administration of dextrose. The patients may remain symptomatic from 1 week to as long as several decades before diagnosis. Insulinoma presenting with psychiatric symptoms has been documented in case/case series reports. Laboratory findings of elevated insulin and C-peptide level in the presence of hypoglycemia and absence of plasma sulfonylurea are suggestive of the diagnosis. Localization of the tumor is essential preoperatively. Surgery usually cures most of the patients, but a minority will have a recurrence especially with malignant insulinoma. The manuscript presents a case of insulinoma presenting with psychiatric symptoms without sympathetic symptoms that led to the delay of the diagnosis for 3 months as initially thought to be related to psychiatric problems. Pancreatic insulinoma was localized by computed tomography (CT) scan and confirmed with endoscopic ultrasound (EUS). The patient underwent successful resection of the tumor, and her symptoms were completely resolved.
Domain Randomization Using Deep Neural Networks for Estimating Positions of Bolts

Current manual practices of replacing bolts on structures are time-consuming and costly, especially because of numerous bolts. Thus, an automated method that can visually detect and localize bolt positions would be highly beneficial. We demonstrate the use of deep neural networks using domain randomization for detecting and localizing bolts on a workpiece. In contrast to previous approaches that require training on real images, the use of domain randomization enables all training in simulation. The key idea is to create a wide variety of computer-generated synthetic images by varying the texture, color, camera position and orientation, distractor objects, and noise, and train the neural network on these images such that the neural network is robust to scene variability and hence provides accurate results when deployed on real images. Using domain randomization, we train two neural networks, a faster regional convolutional neural network for detecting the bolt and placing a bounding box, and a regression convolutional neural network for estimating the x- and y-position of the bolts relative to the coordinates fixed to the workpiece. Our results indicate that in the best case, we can detect bolts with 85% accuracy and can predict 75% of bolts within 1.27 cm accuracy. The novelty of this work is in using domain randomization to detect and localize: (1) multiples of a single object and (2) small-sized objects (0.6 cm × 2.5 cm).
The genus Cyelotella (Bacillariophyta) in Choctawhatchee Bay, Florida, with special reference to C. striata and C. choctawhatcheeana sp. nov.*

Abstract The interspecific relationships of three euryhaline species of Cyelotella (Bacillariophyta) commonly encountered in large numbers in Choctawhatchee Bay, north-eastern Gulf of Mexico, and their relationships to the other species of the genus, are discussed with particular reference to the origin of euryhalinity in this predominantly freshwater genus. Frustule morphology of Cyelotella choctawhatcheeana sp. nov. is described on the basis of light and scanning electron microscopic observations. The cingulum structure of C. striata (Kutzing) Grunow is also described.
Simulation to Predict the Impact of Public Transport Changes on Air Pollutants Emissions

Predicting the effects of the introduction of alternative transportation means on air quality is an important task for urban mobility planners. This study proposes a methodology that uses simulation to estimate the impact of changes in public transport on the traffic emissions of PM2.5. By using mobility planning information simulation models can be built, which can provide estimation of the dynamics of traffic over time. Then, coupling simulated traffic with emission factors of vehicles, an emission model can be used to estimate the total amount of PM2.5 emitted. With this approach, the effect of changes in the public transportation system can be assessed with respect to PM2.5 emissions. In the paper, we explore a case study in the city of Bogota, Colombia, when a bus rapid transport system is to be added alongside a major city avenue.
HUMAN OR NATURAL DISTURBANCE: LANDSCAPE‐SCALE DYNAMICS OF THE TROPICAL FORESTS OF PUERTO RICO

Increasingly, ecologists are recognizing that human disturbance has played an important role in tropical forest history and that many assumptions concerning the relative importance of natural processes warrant re-examination. To assess the historical role of broad-scale human vs. natural disturbance on an intensively studied tropical forest we undertook a landscape-level analysis of forest dynamics in the Luquillo Experimental Forest (LEF; 10871 ha) in eastern Puerto Rico. Using aerial photographs (1936 and 1989), GIS, a model of topographic exposure to hurricane winds, and historical data, we sought to: (1) document historical changes in extent, cover, and type of forest vegetation; (2) evaluate the distribution of land use and hurricane impacts; (3) assess the contributions of these processes in controlling current vegetation patterns; and (4) relate these results to ongoing ecological, conservation, and natural resource discussions. With >1000 m of relief in the LEF, the broad vegetation zones of Tabon.
Antecedents and consequences of strategic patenting for legitimacy: Evidence from China

ABSTRACT This article provides an overview of strategic patenting for legitimacy. Using the act of prior patent publication as the proxy variable, it empirically examines the antecedents and consequences of firms’ choice of strategic patenting for legitimacy in an integrated framework. Based on Chinese industrial enterprises and a patent database, the results suggest that firms with liabilities of newness, smallness, or privateness are more likely to patent strategically for legitimacy. Meanwhile, the interactions of these characteristics positively impact the ratio of firm to patent strategically for legitimacy. Furthermore, the results also suggest that such strategic patents increase the probability of firms obtaining government sponsorships, high-tech certifications, and venture capital investments rather than enhancing their new product sales. The findings contribute to the literature on patent strategy and firm innovation.
TOCOPHEROLS AND PHOSPHOLIPIDS ENHANCE THE OXIDATIVE STABILITY OF BORAGE AND EVENING PRIMROSE TRIACYLGLYCEROLS

The effect of individual phospholipids and tocopherols as well as their combinations on the oxidative stability of borage and evening primrose triacylglycerols (TAG) was investigated. Based on conjugated dienes (CD) and 2-thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) formed in borage and evening primrose TAG, the antioxidant effectiveness of phosphatidylcholine (PC), was higher than that of phosphotidylethanolamine (PE) in borage TAG while the reverse was observed for evening primrose TAG. Meanwhile, a synergistic effect between tocopherols and phospholipids in both borage and evening primrose TAG was noted. The most effective combination in borage TAG was that of PC and α-tocopherol, while PE with α-tocopherol exerted the best effects in evening primrose TAG. Therefore, the antioxidant effectiveness of phospholipids may vary depending on their fatty acid composition, nature of the functional groups and the chemical composition of the lipid system in which they are examined. The results also demonstrate the importance of minor components of vegetable oils on their oxidative stability.
Effect of growth media and strains on structural stability in small chromosomes (chromosome I, VI and III) of bottom-fermenting yeast

The PFGE analysis results of 50 clones, each isolated from cultures of two lager strains (P and Q), after passage of 700 generations in wort or YEPD, showed that small chromosomal DNAs (I, VI and III) are susceptible to changes during successive cultivation. These changes may be strain-dependent (P > Q) and the media may also affect the instability in the chromosomal DNAs (YEPD > wort).