Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Advanced flow simulation methods in aircraft design

The compressible Navier‐Stokes equations are solved numerically for turbulent transonic aerospace applications on parallel computers. An Explicit Algebraic Reynolds Stress Model (EARSM) models the turbulence. Expressing the EARSM as an extension of an eddy‐viscosity model makes the implementation straightforward in a flow solver with existing two‐equation eddy‐viscosity models. The k−ω transport equations are used as a platform for the model. The EARSM approach significantly improves the shock position for transonic flow over wings without substantial increase in computational cost. Industrial use of advanced flow modelling requires a short turn‐around time of computations. This is enabled through the use of parallel computers. To achieve good parallel performance the computational load has to be evenly distributed between the processors of the parallel computer. A heuristic algorithm is described for distributing and splitting the blocks of a structured multiblock grid for a good static load balance. Speed‐up results are presented for turbulent flow around a wing on a number of parallel platforms.
Neural network processing of FMCW Doppler radar

We can obtain ranges and velocities of targets at same time by using a frequency modulated continuous wave (FMCW) Doppler radar. The two-dimensional Fourier transform is conventionally used as the two-dimensional (range and Doppler) spectral analysis on the received signal. The range resolution is determined by the bandwidth over which the FMCW signal is swept. The Doppler resolution is closely equal to the inverse of the coherent integration time (CIT). In this paper, we propose the spectral analysis method for FMCW Doppler radar using a Hopfield neural network, which can yield high-resolution spectra. In this method, the spectral analysis is reformulated as a minimisation problem of difference between the covariance matrixes calculated from observed data and theoretical values. This minimisation problem is mapped on the energy function of the Hopfield neural network and then letting the network converge to the minimum state of that energy function. High-resolution spectra are caused by the non-linear function of neurons and the global connectivity of the network. The performance of this method is evaluated by computer simulations and experimental results. Especially in Doppler resolution, the proposed method is demonstrated to be at least 3-times better than that processed by the conventional two-dimensional Fourier transform method. This high-resolution result contributes to shortening of the CIT and can improve time resolution of the FMCW Doppler radar system.
Primary Post-Partum Haemorrhage; the Pilgrim Hospital's Experience, Boston, Lincolnshire, United Kingdom

Aim: This study was to investigate the incidence of primary post-partum haemorrhage (PPH), during the biennial period of 2007 to 2008; its management and outcomes and to learn from any peculiar challenges that the unit had faced in the management of these women in relation to PPH. The study was aimed to explore any significant risk factors, adverse outcomes and associated risks and compared these with standards, guidelines and other published acceptable practices. It was also aimed to critically appraise our methods of estimation of blood loss (EBL, blood loss) in the unit. Methods: We reviewed the Pilgrim Hospital Monthly Maternity Statistical Run from 2005 to 2008 for information on trends. We conducted a preliminary review of the Birth Register of 2007-8 with elimination criteria from the definition of primary postpartum haemorrhage (PPH), to identify the target population to be included in the study. Once the target population was identified, the investigators chose a study population of 100 of these women and had used a systematic approach to make sure that the study population clearly reflected with good precision, the target population. This was done as follows: Each of the 4 investigators had a group of 25 women to study and each group comprised of 8 women who had normal birth; 8 women who had vaginal operative deliveries; 8 women who had caesarean section and one additional woman with a mode of delivery randomly picked by each of the investigators but with this randomly picked mode of delivery different from that picked by the 3 other investigators. A careful review of 100 case notes was conducted in stages by investigators to ascertain the management these women and the outcomes of such management. The investigators met formally about three times and informally many times to articulate, review, updated and implement the strategies for the study. Results: From the preliminary screening, the following specific data was collated: i. The number of deliveries for 2007 was 1963 and that of 2008 was 2169. ii. The total number of deliveries for the same period was 4132. The number of women delivered whose blood loss met the criteria for PPH were 390 or giving rise to an incidence of 9.44% (cf 2-11%) for the 2 years (20072008) or average incidence of 4.72% (cf 2-11%) for each of the 2 years. iii. These 390 cases as stated earlier constituted the target population. The number of women whose blood loss did not meet the criteria were 621 (15.03%) for the same time frame. 100 cases (25.64%) of target population had been chosen as our study population as earlier stated. iv. In 44 women (1.06%), the blood loss was recorded as a range of values and therefore the incidence cannot be calculated based on the two figures in the range and thus
A 15-GHz CMOS Multiphase Rotary Traveling-Wave Voltage-Controlled Oscillator

This paper presents a 15-㎓ multiphase rotary traveling-wave voltage-controlled oscillator (RTW VCO) where a shielded coplanar stripline (CPS) is exploited to provide better shielding protection and lower phase noise at a moderate cost of characteristic impedance and power consumption. Test chips were implemented in a standard 90-㎚ CMOS process, demonstrating the measured results of 2-㎓ frequency tuning range, -11.3-㏈m output power, -109.6-㏈c/㎐ phase noise at 1-㎒ offset, and 2-ps RMS clock jitter at 15 ㎓. The chip core occupies the area of 0.2 ㎟ and dissipates 12 ㎽ from a single 1.2-V supply.
Compartmented mode workstation (CMW) comparisons

As the Compartmented Mode Workstation (CMW) market has matured, several vendors have released new versions of their CMW operating systems. These include a new version from SecureWare (CMW + Version 2.4), and Sun`s CMW 1.1 (also known as Trusted Solaris 1.1). EC is now shipping MLS+ 3.0 for DEC Alpha platforms. Relatively new entries in the market include Loral B1/CMW for IBM RS/6000 platforms and a SecureWare-based CMW for HP platforms (HP-UX 10.09). With all these choices it is time for a comparative analysis of the features offered by the various vendors. The authors have three of the above five CMW systems plus HP-UX BLS 9.09, which is a multilevel secure operating system (OS) targeted at the B1 level but not a CMW. Each is unique in sometimes obvious, sometimes subtle ways, a situation that requires knowing and keeping straight a variety of commands to do the same thing on each system. Some vendors offer extensive GUI tools for system administration; some require entering command-line commands for certain system administration tasks. They examine the differences in system installation, system administration, and system operating among the systems. They look at trusted networking among the various systems and differences in the network databases and label encodings files. They examine the user interface on the various systems from logging in to logging out.
Sparse representation based face recognition using weighted regions

Face recognition is a challenging research topic, especially when the training (gallery) and recognition (probe) images are acquired using different cameras under varying conditions. Even a small noise or occlusion in the images can compromise the accuracy of recognition. Lately, sparse encoding based classification algorithms gave promising results for such uncontrollable scenarios. In this paper, we introduce a novel methodology by modeling the sparse encoding with weighted patches to increase the robustness of face recognition even further. In the training phase, we define a mask (i.e., weight matrix) using a sparse representation selecting the facial regions, and in the recognition phase, we perform comparison on selected facial regions. The algorithm was evaluated both quantitatively and qualitatively using two comprehensive surveillance facial image databases, i.e., SCfaceandMFPV, with the results clearly superior to common state-of-the-art methodologies in different scenarios.
Review on Recent Speech Recognition Techniques

The objective of Speech Recognition is to determine the sequence of sound units from the Speech signal so that the linguistic message in the form of text to be decoded from the speech Signal. Speech is a sequence of sound units corresponding to a linguistic message. The main problem in these speech applications is processing of the speech signal in a manner similar to human auditory Processing mechanism, so that features relevant to a particular task can be extracted. This paper reviews some of the technologies used for speech recognition for different techniques and survey of some different recognition techniques. The excitement in neural networks started mainly due to the difficulties in dealing with the problems . In the field of speech, image, neural language and decision making. Speech recognition applications are becoming more and more useful nowadays. Various interactive speech aware applications are available in the market. But they are usually meant for and executed on the traditional general-purpose computers. With growth in the needs for embedded computing and the demand for emerging embedded platforms, It is required that the speech recognition systems (SRS) are available on them too. PDAs and other handheld devices are becoming more and more powerful and affordable as well. It has become possible to run multimedia on these devices. Speech recognition systems emerge as efficient alternatives for such devices where typing becomes difficult attributed to their small screen limitations. This paper characterizes an SR process onPXA27x XScale processor, a widely used platform for handheld devices and implements it for performing tasks on media files through a Linux media player, Mplayer.
Distributed Control in Waterflow-Like Locomotion for UBot Modular Robot over Uneven Terrain

Distributed control, represented by Cellular Automata (CA), has advantage over centralized control for Modular Self-Reconfigurable Robot (MSRR) in capability of extension, efficiency and robustness. But due to the fact that the modular constraints, e.g., the number of DOF and the physical geometry, etc., the ideal CA rules cannot be implemented on the real robot system easily. The goal of the research is on design and implementation of distributed control based on integrated module design and CA rules arrangement. 2-DOF cubic-shaped modular model is first proposed, that is the Ubot module. Cellular rules are arranged according to the locomotion property of UBot module, and distributed control algorithm is designed for the robot to cross the uneven terrain. In simulation and on physical robotic hardware platform, experiments are carried out for UBot to verify the validity of CA theory applied on reconfiguration locomotion of UBot MSRR systems in complex environment.
Key Elements for Economy-wide Sustainable Resource Management

It is getting tighter on our globe. A growing world population is getting richer and demands more and more products which require natural resources and create various environmental impacts from mining to final waste disposal. The competition on rarer metals let some countries prohibit exports containing such raw materials. The rising demand for food and non-food biomass, such as feed-stocks for biofuels, and harvests fluctuating severely, due to more frequent weather extremes, triggered land grabbing in foreign countries, particularly in developing regions. Without mechanisms moderating resource consumption, abiotic and biotic resources will be depleted, mining and refining will devastate and pollute more and more places in remote areas, agriculture will expand into the remaining natural forests, and conflicts about land use and clean water will increase.
A Dynamic Multimodal Differential Evolution Algorithm

t—Differential evolution algorithm in solving complex function optimization problems, the problems of convergence rate and precision is not high. At the same time, there is a big difference in the performance of evolutionary algorithms for solving the different types of optimization problems. To solve above two problems, this paper proposes a dynamic multimodal differential evolution algorithm. Firstly, the dynamically population is used to improve the exploration ability of algorithms; In addition, the algorithm uses Four different types of mutation operator to Produce among individuals, choose the best among individuals to enter the next iteration , improved the algorithms's performance of solving different types of optimization problems. Through a variety of BenchMark functions to the algorithm simulation experiment, and comparing and several other classical differential evolution algorithm, show that this algorithm has better optimization performance. Keywords—Differential evolution, Convergence rate, Mutation Operator 一种动态多模式差分演化算法 董小刚 ,谢清 ,柯林 2 1) 九江学院信息科学与技术学院,九江 江西 中国
Large effective call holding times for a PCS network

This paper addresses two important PCS cost and performance issues: (1) are blocking probabilities (for new call blocking, forced termination or call completion) appropriate for PCS network performance measurement? (2) Should PCS service providers offer discounts to phone calls that are force terminated? In order to do that we derive the effective call holding time distributions for complete/incomplete calls by using an analytic model. We assume that the cell residence times have a general distribution so that the measured data from the field trials, after a second order approximation, can be used to drive our model. Our study on the effective call holding time distributions indicates that (1) blocking probabilities do not provide sufficient information to evaluate the performance of a PCS network, and that output measures, such as expected effective call holding times for complete/incomplete calls, are desirable; (2) for a PCS network with moderate user mobility, the service provider can offer substantial discounts to incomplete calls (to increase the user satisfaction) without significantly reducing the profit margin. A quantitative analysis is also provided that can be used to determine the discount factor.
Communicating forecast uncertainty: public perception of weather forecast uncertainty

The general public understands that there is uncertainty inherent in deterministic forecasts as well as understanding some of the factors that increase uncertainty. This was determined in an online survey of 1340 residents of Washington and Oregon, USA. Understanding was probed using questions that asked participants what they expected to observe when given a deterministic forecast with a specified lead time, for a particular weather parameter, during a particular time of year. It was also probed by asking participants to estimate the number of observations, out of 100, that they expected to fall within specified ranges around the deterministic forecast. Almost all respondents (99.99%) anticipated some uncertainty in the deterministic forecast. Furthermore, their answers suggested that they expected greater uncertainty for longer lead times when the forecasted value deviated from climatic norms. Perhaps most noteworthy was that they expected specific forecast biases (e.g. over‐forecasting of extremes), most of which were not borne out by an analysis of local National Weather Service verification data. In summary, users had well‐formed uncertainty expectations suggesting that they are prepared to understand explicit uncertainty forecasts for a wide range of parameters. Indeed, explicit uncertainty estimates may be necessary to overcome some of the anticipated forecast biases that may be affecting the usefulness of existing weather forecasts. Despite the fact that these bias expectations are largely unjustified, they could lead to adjustment of forecasts that could in turn have serious negative consequences for users, especially with respect to extreme weather warnings. Copyright © 2010 Royal Meteorological Society
Risk Factors and Contemporary Treatment of Orthodontically Induced Apical Root Resorption: A Review

1.1. Aim:External apical root resorption is one of the most common side effects of orthodontic treatment. Some amount of root resorption is inevitable in orthodontic. Most of the times root resorption is not severe and goes unnoticed but in few cases root resorption is severe. The cause of root resorption is multifactorial. Aim of this article is to give an insight of root resorption caused by orthodontic tooth movement. 1.2. Material and method:Articles pertinent to root resorption caused by orthodontic tooth movement were first searched electronically and then hand searched. Relevant article were topic wise critically reviewed by all the reviewers. 1.3. Conclusion:It was concluded that many factors are involved in root resorption. In this article possible method of curbing root resorption have also been described.
Pre-commercialisation activities in external exploitation of technology

While external knowledge acquisition is well studied and understood, the external exploitation side of open innovation remains challenging. First we present the contemporary process models for external exploitation, describing the different steps along with relevant challenges and actions. Then, we identify major overall challenges in external knowledge exploitation and investigate limitations to applying open innovation approaches. Finally we find recurring themes in literature implying that pre-commercialisation phase activities may provide the critical support for successful management of external exploitation of non-core technologies. We conclude with implications for innovation and learning as well as the identification of promising further research avenues.
A geospatial service model and catalog for discovery and orchestration

The goal of this research is to provide a supporting Web services architecture, consisting of a service model and catalog, to allow discovery and automatic orchestration of geospatial Web services. First, a methodology for supporting geospatial Web services with existing orchestration tools is presented. Geospatial services are automatically translated into SOAP/WSDL services by a portable service wrapper. Their data layers are exposed as atomic functions while WSDL extensions provide syntactic metadata. Compliant services are modeled using the descriptive logic capabilities of the Ontology Language for the Web (OWL). The resulting geospatial service model has a number of functions. It provides a basic taxonomy of geospatial Web services that is useful for templating service compositions. It also contains the necessary annotations to allow discovery of services. Importantly, the model defines a number of logical relationships between its internal concepts which allow inconsistency detection for the model as a whole and for individual service instances as they are added to the catalog. These logical relationships have the additional benefit of supporting automatic classification of geospatial services individuals when they are added to the service catalog. The geospatial service catalog is backed by the descriptive logic model. It supports queries which are more complex that those available using standard relational data models, such as the capability to query using concept hierarchies. An example orchestration system demonstrates the use of the geospatial service catalog for query evaluation in an automatic orchestration system (both fully and semi-automatic orchestration). Computational complexity analysis and experimental performance analysis identify potential performance problems in the geospatial service catalog. Solutions to these performance issues are presented in the form of partitioning service instance realization, low cost pre-filtering of service instances, and pre-processing realization. The resulting model and catalog provide an architecture to support automatic orchestration capable of complementing the multiple service composition algorithms that currently exist. Importantly, the geospatial service model and catalog go beyond simply supporting orchestration systems. By providing a general solution to the modeling and discovery of geospatial Web services they are useful in any geospatial Web service enterprise. Computer Science, Web services, Orchestration, Ontology, Geospatial
Enfrentamento da violência doméstica contra crianças e adolescentes na perspectiva de enfermeiros da atenção básica

Objetivo: Analisar as acoes relatadas por enfermeiros da atencao basica no enfrentamento da violencia domestica contra criancas e adolescentes. Metodos: Pesquisa qualitativa, realizada em cinco Unidades de Estrategia de Saude da Familia do Estado de Sao Paulo, Brasil. Dados coletados no segundo semestre de 2013 atraves de entrevistas semiestruturadas com cinco enfermeiras e analisados atraves de analise de conteudo, modalidade tematica. Resultados: Emergiram dois nucleos tematicos: “Politicas publicas identificadas pelas enfermeiras” e “Acoes das enfermeiras diante da violencia permeadas por medos e conflitos”. As enfermeiras conheciam as politicas publicas, mas nao conseguiam coloca-las em pratica; estavam despreparadas para identificar e enfrentar a violencia; nao participavam de cursos de capacitacao; temiam notificar os casos detectados de violencia. Conclusao: As principais limitacoes ao trabalho pratico dos enfermeiros sao a sobrecarga de trabalho, a falta de seguranca e a dinâmica de trabalho desarticulada com a rede de protecao as quais levam a subnotificacao dos casos de violencia. Palavras-chave: Violencia domestica. Atencao primaria a saude. Enfermagem em saude comunitaria. Crianca. Adolescente.
Visualization for image guided neurosurgery

Over the past 20 years, the use of diagnostic imaging to guide neurosurgery has evolved from measurements made on the surface of X-ray films, through computerized systems to plan neurosurgical procedures, to fully interactive 3-D imaging in the operating room. The authors describe here the development of a multi-modality surgical workstation, equipped with a stereoscopic visualization interface, that is based on the ISG Viewing-wand image-guided surgery system, and demonstrate its application in several neurosurgical scenarios.
Route Restoring Based on Hidden Semi-Markov Model

Present raw geo-tagged photo routes cannot provide information as enough as complete GPS trajectories due to the defects hidden in them. This paper mainly aims at analyzing the large amounts of geo-tagged photos and proposing a novel travel route restoring method. In our approach we apply the Hidden SemiMarkov model and Mean Value method to demonstrate migration discipline in the hot spots and restore the significant region sequence into complete GPS trajectory. At the end of the paper, a novel experiment method is designed to demonstrate that the approach is feasible in restoring route, and there is a good performance. Index Terms Geo-tagged Photo, Hot spot, Travel route, Route restoring, Trajectory mining