Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The Trend of the Gini Coefficient of China

A literature review indicates that the main problem in calculating the Gini coefficient of Chinese residents’ income is the shortcomings of the data sources. Though many studies have tried to overcome these limitations through decomposing the nationwide Gini ratio by urban and rural areas, the final results have been underestimated, due to the overlap term or residual in the decomposition. This paper analyses the effects of the overlap term on calculating the overall Gini coefficient through a statistical approach, and estimates Chinese Gini ratios since economic reform and open door policies were adopted. Based on decomposing the Chinese Gini coefficient from 1978 to 2006, the authors find that the key factor of income inequality comes from income disparity between rural and urban inhabitants. The authors investigate the features of this income inequality between rural and urban areas. Furthermore, statistical approaches are employed to evaluate the effects of the development of urbanisation and rural-to-urban average income on the income inequality of the whole nation. The results show that accelerating the pace of urbanisation is the key issue to improving Chinese income disparity. On the basis of the above analysis, the paper proposes related policies for policy-makers.
Angioimmunoblastic T-cell lymphoma: a prognostic model from a retrospective study

Abstract Angioimmunoblastic T-cell lymphoma (AITL) is a distinct subtype of peripheral T-cell lymphoma with unique clinical and pathological features. This study aim to design a prognostic model specifically for AITL, providing risk stratification in affected patients. A total of 115 newly diagnosed AITL patients were retrospectively analyzed. The estimated five-year overall survival (OS) rate for all patients was 45.4%. Multivariate analysis found prognostic factors for survival were bone marrow involvement, number of extranodal sites >1, and performance status >1. We categorized three risk groups: group 1, no adverse factor; group 2, one factor; and group 3, two or three factors. Five-year OS was 86.9% for Group 1, 46.3% for Group 2, and 16.2% for Group 3 (p < .0001). The novel prognostic model balanced the distribution of patients into different risk groups with better predictive discrimination as compared to the International Prognostic Index and Prognostic Index for PTCL, unless otherwise specified.
Evaluation of maxillary buccal alveolar bone before and after orthodontic alignment without extractions: A cone beam computed tomographic study.

OBJECTIVES: To assess the changes in the maxillary buccal alveolar bone during alignment without extractions. Secondarily, to evaluate the changes in arch dimensions and buccolingual inclinations of teeth and to identify risk factors for bone loss. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Twenty-two adolescents with crowded permanent dentitions were treated without extractions with Damon 3MX brackets. Cone beam computed tomographic scans were taken before treatment (T0) and after alignment (T1). Bone thickness (BT) and height from the cementoenamel junction to the alveolar crest (BH) were evaluated at the maxillary central incisors, second premolars, and buccal roots of first molars. Changes in all variables from T0 to T1 were assessed. Correlations between bone changes and initial bone thickness, initial arch widths, initial crowding, amount of expansion, amount of tipping, and amount of molar rotation were calculated. RESULTS: BT decreased and BH increased significantly for the incisors and mesiobuccal root of the first molars. Arch dimensions generally increased together with tipping. Bone loss was correlated with crowding and amount of expansion in the premolar region. Initially thinner BT was correlated with greater apical migration of bone for the incisors. CONCLUSIONS: Nonextraction alignment with self-ligating brackets led to arch expansion associated with tipping of teeth. Expansion related to alignment resulted in horizontal and vertical bone loss at the incisors and mesiobuccal root of the first molars. Thinner BTs and more severe crowding before treatment increased the risk for buccal bone loss.
To farm or not to farm? Indian farmers in transition

Few studies of agrarian transition examine what farmers themselves feel about farming. Are they cultivating out of choice or a lack of options? What distinguishes farmers who like farming from those who do not: their personal and household characteristics and endowments? The local ecology and regional economy? Or a mix of these and other factors? Understanding farmer satisfaction is important not only for assessing citizen well-being but also for agricultural productivity, since occupational satisfaction can affect a farmer’s incentive to invest and reveal production constraints. Using a unique all-India data set which asked farmers—do you like farming? —this paper provides answers and policy pointers, contributing a little-studied dimension to debates on the smallholder’s future and subjective well-being.
Geotagging Text Data on the Web—A Geometrical Approach

Geotagging, the process of tagging of documents with geographical information, is an important issue in geographical information retrieval systems. In this paper, we propose a novel approach for geotagging of textual web documents. Existing techniques disambiguate place names occurring in a document individually first and then find its focus. As opposed to this, the proposed approach, considers all the place names together without disambiguating them individually. It is a heuristic-based three step process. The first step is hierarchical, the second one is geometric technique, and last step reports the final focus. The approach requires only a gazetteer and a named entity recognition tool for processing. It reports the geographical focus of a web page as a tuple (latitude and longitude). We have tested our algorithm on two data sets, namely, the Wikipedia and Open Directory Project (ODP) data sets. The proposed approach reports the focus correctly up to continent level for 97.07% of the Wikipedia pages and correctly up to country level for 95.57% of them. Moreover, for more than 60% of the documents, the error in the distance between the actual focus, and the reported focus is within 15 km, i.e., less than 10 miles for this data set. In addition, the median error is 8.17 km. The technique also performs very well on huge data sets like ODP with sample size of around 600000 web pages. The proposed system can be used in any geographic information retrieval system where geographic meta-data of documents needs to be obtained for indexing and searching.
Successful implementation of an automated electronic support system for patient safety monitoring: The alemtuzumab in multiple sclerosis safety systems (AMS3) study

Background: Alemtuzumab is a highly effective treatment for relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (MS) but requires ongoing pathology monitoring for autoimmune adverse effects. The Alemtuzumab in MS Safety Systems (AMS3) study evaluated the implementation of an automated pathology-monitoring system. Objectives: To develop an efficient automated clinical decision support system (CDSS) to electronically prompt and track pathology collection and to provide prescribers and patients with customised alerts of abnormal results for identified risks. Methods: A total of 10 patients with relapsing-remitting MS treated with alemtuzumab were enrolled to test the system. Standard care laboratory monitoring was performed and compared to the performance of the CDSS. Results: The automated CDSS, an integrated patient smartphone application and an additional pre-screening tool were all successfully developed. Compliance with pathology monitoring was 96.7%. The automated analysis of pathology results was significantly faster than standard care neurologist review (p < 0.001). The system correctly identified and alerted abnormalities, including one case of immune thrombocytopenia (ITP) while the treating neurologist was on leave, enabling prompt treatment of serious adverse events. During the course of the study, the CDSS was deployed throughout Australia. Conclusion: We successfully developed automated pathology monitoring with a CDSS, demonstrating real-world benefits of high compliance and timely alerting of important results.
Impact of Mothers’ Schistosomiasis Status During Gestation on Children’s IgG Antibody Responses to Routine Vaccines 2 Years Later and Anti-Schistosome and Anti-Malarial Responses by Neonates in Western Kenya

The potential consequences of parasitic infections on a person’s immune responsiveness to unrelated antigens are often conjectured upon in relationship to allergic responses and autoimmune diseases. These considerations sometimes extend to whether parasitic infection of pregnant women can influence the outcomes of responses by their offspring to the immunizations administered during national Expanded Programs of Immunization. To provide additional data to these discussions, we have enrolled 99 close-to-term pregnant women in western Kenya and determined their Schistosoma mansoni and Plasmodium falciparum infection status. At 2 years of age, when the initial immunization schedule was complete, we determined their children’s IgG antibody levels to tetanus toxoid, diphtheria toxoid, and measles nucleoprotein (N-protein) antigens using a multiplex assay. We also monitored antibody responses during the children’s first 2 years of life to P. falciparum MSP119 (PfMSP119), S. mansoni Soluble Egg Antigen (SEA), Ascaris suum hemoglobin (AsHb), and Strongyloides stercoralis (SsNIE). Mothers’ infections with either P. falciparum or S. mansoni had no impact on the level of antibody responses of their offspring or the proportion of offspring that developed protective levels of antibodies to either tetanus or diphtheria antigens at 2 years of age. However, children born of S. mansoni-positive mothers and immunized for measles at 9 months of age had significantly lower levels of anti-measles N-protein antibodies when they were 2 years old (p = 0.007) and a lower proportion of these children (62.5 vs. 90.2%, OR = 0.18, 95% CI = 0.04–0.68, p = 0.011) were considered positive for measles N-protein antibodies. Decreased levels of measles antibodies may render these children more susceptible to measles infection than children whose mothers did not have schistosomiasis. None of the children demonstrated responses to AsHb or SsNIE during the study period. Anti-SEA and anti-PfMSP119 responses suggested that 6 and 70% of the children acquired schistosomes and falciparum malaria, respectively, during the first 2 years of life.
PathoVA: A visual analytics tool for pathology diagnosis and reporting

We introduce PathoVA, a visual analytics system for computer aided pathology diagnosis. The diagnostic work of a pathologist involves characterizing cells and the appearance of histological sections of tissues, which are stained by techniques that highlight particular elements. Our system supports this work by recording activities in a digital tissue slide viewer, from which a diagnostic trace is constructed automatically. The visualization of the trace is enhanced with quantitative data about the tissue obtained by image analysis. Using the trace visualization, the pathologist can fill out the pathology report according to the required protocol. We demonstrate our approach on a use case of breast tissue examination. Our qualitative evaluation shows that PathoVA supports the diagnostic procedure and simplifies reporting.
An Assessment of Running Power as a Training Metric for Elite and Recreational Runners

Abstract Aubry, RL, Power, GA, and Burr, JF. An assessment of running power as a training metric for elite and recreational runners. J Strength Cond Res 32(8): 2258–2264, 2018—Power, as a testing and training metric to quantify effort, is well accepted in cycling, but is not commonly used in running to quantify effort or performance. This study sought to investigate a novel training tool, the Stryd Running Power Meter, and the applicability of running power (and its individually calculated run mechanics) to be a useful surrogate of metabolic demand (V[Combining Dot Above]O2), across different running surfaces, within different caliber runners. Recreational (n = 13) and elite (n = 11) runners completed a test assessing V[Combining Dot Above]O2 at 3 different paces, while wearing a Stryd Power Meter on both an indoor treadmill and an outdoor track, to investigate relationships between estimated running power and metabolic demand. A weak but significant relationship was found between running power and V[Combining Dot Above]O2 considering all participants as a homogenous group (r = 0.29); however, when assessing each population individually, no significant relationship was found. Examination of the individual mechanical components of power revealed that a correlative decrease in V[Combining Dot Above]O2 representing improved efficiency was associated with decreased ground contact time (r = 0.56), vertical oscillation (r = 0.46), and cadence (r = 0.37) on the treadmill in the recreational group only. Although metabolic demand differed significantly between surfaces at most speeds, run power did not accurately reflect differences in metabolic cost between the 2 surfaces. Running power, calculated via the Stryd Power Meter, is not sufficiently accurate as a surrogate of metabolic demand, particularly in the elite population. However, in a recreational population, this training tool could be useful for feedback on several running dynamics known to influence running economy.
Discovering Latent Patterns of Urban Cultural Interactions in WeChat for Modern City Planning

Cultural activity is an inherent aspect of urban life and the success of a modern city is largely determined by its capacity to offer generous cultural entertainment to its citizens. To this end, the optimal allocation of cultural establishments and related resources across urban regions becomes of vital importance, as it can reduce financial costs in terms of planning and improve quality of life in the city, more generally. In this paper, we make use of a large longitudinal dataset of user location check-ins from the online social network WeChat to develop a data-driven framework for cultural planning in the city of Beijing. We exploit rich spatio-temporal representations on user activity at cultural venues and use a novel extended version of the traditional latent Dirichlet allocation model that incorporates temporal information to identify latent patterns of urban cultural interactions. Using the characteristic typologies of mobile user cultural activities emitted by the model, we determine the levels of demand for different types of cultural resources across urban areas. We then compare those with the corresponding levels of supply as driven by the presence and spatial reach of cultural venues in local areas to obtain high resolution maps that indicate urban regions with lack of cultural resources, and thus give suggestions for further urban cultural planning and investment optimisation.
Intention of opening up the network of personal data

The emergence of Internet changing people's lifestyle, its social networking site gradually shift from physical space to virtual space above, in this context, the Internet has become indispensable to life at the same time, the establishment of personal files on the network has become a new trend. A large number of users on Facebook to share their personal information, opened in the past many researches are still mostly the community web site of the information, products, systems and service quality issues to investigate the user satisfaction and continued use intentions. This research focuses on the user point of view, description of planned behavior to explore the personal attitudes, subjective norms, perceived behavior, combined with the network behavior of construct-related dimensions, to discuss individual factors of the personal network files. Finally, this research found that users due to “gender”,” age”, “education “, “monthly income “, “occupation” of the different intentions for opening up personal network files. Among the relevant dimensions in the research, the reference peer group is the greatest impact to make people open personal network files or not. The users' own network capacity does not affect the intention. Website trust mechanisms influence behavioral intentions, But when put it with the risk, it will affected by the risk to the user's intent.
Energy-saved data transfer model for mobile devices in cloudlet computing environment

Mobile Cloud Computing (MCC) integrates the smart phones with the cloud computing technologies, which has resolved the problems of limited storage capacity, battery lifetime and processing capability of the mobile phones. In current mobile applications, mobile devices often require data uploading and downloading tasks with the cloud server. However, connecting mobile devices with the remote cloud servers, suffers from the huge transmission energy consumption especially when using 3G/4G/LTE connections. In this paper, we present a cloudlet based energy-saved data transfer model (EDTM), which focuses on reducing the power consumption of mobile devices while using MCC. And the data upload and download operation process which support users mobility scenarios are given. We hope the proposed data transfer model provides future mobile cloudlet computing research with a guideline and theoretical supports.
Uncovering user profiles in location-based social networks

With the current trend of embedding location services within social networks, an ever growing amount of users’ spatiotemporal tracks are being collected that can be used to generate user profiles to reflect users’ interests in places. User-contributed annotations of place, as well as other place properties, add a layer of important semantics that if considered, can result in more refined representations of user profiles. In this paper, semantic information is summarised as tags for places and a folksonomy data model is used to represent spatial and semantic relationships between users, places and tags. The model allows simple cooccurrence methods and similarity measures to be applied to build different views of personalized user profiles. Basic profiles capture direct user interactions, while enriched profiles offer an extended view of user’s association with places and tags that takes into account relationships in the folksonomy. The main contribution of this work is the demonstration of how the different data dimensions captured on location-based social networks can be combined to represent useful views of user profiles. Keywords–GeoFolksonomy;User Profiles;Location-based Social Networks;.
Will TCP Work in mmWave 5G Cellular Networks?

The vast available spectrum in the millimeter- wave (mmWave) bands offers the possibility of multi-gigabit-per-second data rates for fifth generation cellular networks. However, mmWave capacity can be highly intermittent due to the vulnerability of mmWave signals to blockages and delays in directional searching. Such highly variable links present unique challenges for adaptive control mechanisms in transport layer protocols and end-to-end applications. This article considers the fundamental question of whether TCP, the most widely used transport protocol, will work in mmWave cellular systems. The article provides a comprehensive simulation study of TCP considering various factors such as the congestion control algorithm, including the recently proposed TCP BBR, edge vs. remote servers, handover and multi-connectivity, TCP packet size, and 3GPPstack parameters. We show that the performance of TCP on mmWave links is highly dependent on different combinations of these parameters, and identify the open challenges in this area.
Interleukin-13 receptor alpha 2 expression in tumor cells is associated with reduced disease-free survival in patients with luminal subtype invasive breast cancer

Interleukin-13 receptor alpha 2 is one of the subunits of transmembrane receptor for interleukin-13. The aim of this study was to investigate the prognostic value of interleukin-13 receptor alpha 2 expression in invasive breast cancer. Interleukin-13 receptor alpha 2 expressions were assessed by immunohistochemistry in tissue microarrays of 1283 invasive breast cancer samples, and associations between these expressions and clinicopathological variables and clinical outcomes were investigated. Interleukin-13 receptor alpha 2 expression was observed in 138 (10.8%) samples, and found to be associated with positive estrogen receptor (p < 0.001) and progesterone receptor (p < 0.001) and with the luminal subtype (p < 0.001). No significant association was found between interleukin-13 receptor alpha 2 expression and other clinicopathological variables including age, tumor size, lymph node metastasis, histologic types, histologic grade, HER2 status, Ki-67 labeling index, or tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes levels. Patients with interleukin-13 receptor alpha 2 expression tended to have poorer disease-free survival, but the difference was not statistically significant (p = 0.069). Subgroup analysis showed luminal breast cancer patients positive for interleukin-13 receptor alpha 2 expression had significantly poorer disease-free survival (p = 0.018) than luminal breast cancer patients negative for interleukin-13 receptor alpha 2 expression. However, no association between interleukin-13 receptor alpha 2 expression and clinical outcome was observed in HER2-positive and triple-negative subgroups (p = 0.574 and p = 0.936, respectively). Multivariate analysis showed interleukin-13 receptor alpha 2 expression was an independent poor prognostic factor for luminal breast cancer (p = 0.03). This study shows interleukin-13 receptor alpha 2 expression could be a useful prognostic marker for selecting patients with luminal breast cancer likely to follow a clinically aggressive course despite receiving systemic therapy.
Vienna converter fed two stage grid connected photovoltaic pumping system

A topology of Vienna converter fed two stage solar water pumping system interfaced with three phase grid supply is proposed. The system uses a Vienna converter, a boost converter and a voltage source inverter to drive an induction motor (IM) coupled centrifugal pump. The proposed system helps in eliminating the loss of water discharge due to varying solar insolation in standalone solar water pumping systems. The IM is controlled using simple scalar control while the maximum power point tracking is achieved using the incremental conductance technique. The input power quality is improved by the constant frequency switching of the Vienna converter. Various modes of operation on the availability of active power sources are identified and the photovoltaic pumping system (PVP) is modelled and its performance is simulated in detail. The system indices at starting, steady state and with varying solar insolations are analyzed. The simulated results show the feasibility of the proposed system in grid connected locations.
The Development of Metal Oxide Chemical Sensing Nanostructures

This paper discusses sensor development based on metal oxide nanostructures and microsystems technology. While nanostructures such as nanowires show significant potential as enabling materials for chemical sensors, a number of significant technical challenges remain. This paper discusses development to address each of these technical barriers: 1) Improved contact and integration of the nanostructured materials with microsystems in a sensor structure; 2) Control of nanostructure crystallinity to allow control of the detection mechanism; and 3) Widening the range of gases that can be detected by fabricating multiple nanostructured materials. A sensor structure composed of three nanostructured oxides aligned on a single microsensor has been fabricated and tested. Results of this testing are discussed and future development approaches are suggested. It is concluded that while this work lays the foundation for further development, these are the beginning steps towards realization of repeatable, controlled sensor systems using oxide based nanostructures.