Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Comparing model and measured ice crystal concentrations in orographic clouds during the INUPIAQ campaign

Abstract. This paper assesses the reasons for high ice number concentrations observed in orographic clouds by comparing in situ measurements from the Ice NUcleation Process Investigation And Quantification field campaign (INUPIAQ) at Jungfraujoch, Switzerland (3570 m a.s.l.) with the Weather Research and Forecasting model (WRF) simulations over real terrain surrounding Jungfraujoch. During the 2014 winter field campaign, between 20 January and 28 February, the model simulations regularly underpredicted the observed ice number concentration by 103 L−1. Previous literature has proposed several processes for the high ice number concentrations in orographic clouds, including an increased ice nucleating particle (INP) concentration, secondary ice multiplication and the advection of surface ice crystals into orographic clouds. We find that increasing INP concentrations in the model prevents the simulation of the mixed-phase clouds that were witnessed during the INUPIAQ campaign at Jungfraujoch. Additionally, the inclusion of secondary ice production upwind of Jungfraujoch into the WRF simulations cannot consistently produce enough ice splinters to match the observed concentrations. A flux of surface hoar crystals was included in the WRF model, which simulated ice concentrations comparable to the measured ice number concentrations, without depleting the liquid water content (LWC) simulated in the model. Our simulations therefore suggest that high ice concentrations observed in mixed-phase clouds at Jungfraujoch are caused by a flux of surface hoar crystals into the orographic clouds.
EMG Signal Analysis for Diagnosis of Muscular Dystrophy Using Wavelet Transform, SVM and ANN

Implementation of Artificial intelligence techniques is used as a medical diagnostic tool to increase the diagnostic accuracy and provide more additional knowledge. Muscular dystrophy is a disorder which diagnosed with Electromyography (EMG) signals. A Wavelet-based decomposition technique is proposed here to classified Healthy EMG signals (Normal) from abnormal muscular dystrophy EMG signals. In this work, a wavelet transform is applied to preprocessed EMG signals for decomposing it into different frequency sub-bands. Statistical analysis is carried out to these decomposed sub-bands to extract different statistical features. SVM and ANN classifier is proposed here to discriminate muscular dystrophy disorder from healthy Electromyography signals. Finally proposed methodology gives classification accuracy of 95% on publically available clinical EMG database. The results show better classification accuracy using an SVM classifier compare to ANN classifier on selected statically feature sets. The finding from the above method gave the best classifier for analysis and classification of EMG signals for recognition of muscular dystrophy disorders.
Mediating medication adherence in renal transplant recipients: the roles of depressive symptoms and cognition

Cognitive abilities and depressive symptoms have been previously linked to medication adherence following renal transplantation. To further elucidate these relationships, we assessed two potential mediational models: 1) depressive symptoms mediate the relationship between cognition and adherence; and 2) cognition mediates the relationship between depressive symptoms and adherence. Renal transplant recipients (N=101) completed a cognitive battery, the CES-D, and the Transplant Effects Questionnaire (TxEQ). Using a product-of-coefficients method, we compared the proposed models. Weaker cognitive performance was correlated with reduced adherence. Additionally, depressive symptoms (CES-D total score) and the CES-D Somatic Symptoms subscale, each partially mediated the relationship between cognition (PCA derived composite score) and TxEQ adherence scores. None of the other CES-D subscales were significant mediators. Conversely, cognition did not mediate the relationship between depressive symptoms and adherence. The CES-D Somatic Symptoms sub-scale (five questions) may have important utility as a predictor of medication adherence in renal transplant patients.
Invitro Assessment of Antimicrobial and Antioxidant Activity of Bioactive Compounds from Marine Algae

Marine algae was one of the largest producers of biomass in the marine environments (Bhadury et al., 2004). Marine micro algae are focused in biomass production due to their ability to survive under environmental stresses like light intensity, dark, heat, UV exposure, nitrogen and also the metabolites production. Some of the marine micro algal species like Chlorella salina, Isochrysis galbana, Dunaliella salina, and Nanno chloropsis oculata exhibits notable bioactivities like antibacterial,anti-inflammatory, anti-algal, antifungal, analgesics, antioxidant activities which are effective in the prevention of biofouling and have other likely uses, e.g. in therapeutics and nutraceuticals (Smit, 2004). In recent years, naturally derived metabolites are main target for the treatment of various biological disorders. It is highly used in the medicinal chemistry to avoid side effects in the treatment. In this context, our research focused to derive antibacterial and antioxidant properties from the algal metabolites. Marine algal species such as Chlorella salina, Nannochloropsis oculata, Dunaliella salina and Isochrysis galbanaare focused. The algal species were inoculated in Artificial and F2 natural sea water media. The growth rate was monitored dailyin the media. The maximum growth rate of the algal species was obtained at 10-12 days of incubation time. Mass multiplication was done at small scale reactor vessel (60L) to get the maximum yield of biomass. The extracted biomass was dried and used in antibacterial and antioxidant assays. Antibacterial activity done on the four different human pathogens namely Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Staphylococcus aureus and Proteus vulgaris. The highest inhibitory activity was found in Dunaliella salina. Further, antioxidant potential was done from the potential extract in which Dunaliella salina exhibited the highest activity in DPPH as well as FRAP assays. Inhibitory concentration (IC50) of Dunaliella salina was calculated as 80μg/ml whereas Isochrysis galbana was observed as 100 μg/ml. Moreover, chlorophyll, carotenoids and total phenolic content was studied. Results of GC – MS that the crude extracts showed that the crude extract of Dunaliella salina contain Triclosan, Dodecane and α-Amyrin which are nowadays used as drug ingredients for the treatment of cancer. K ey wo rd s
Integrating the Service Paradigm into Procurement Practices in Ghana

This paper investigates how an integration of the concept of service into public procurement practices in universities in Ghana could lead to performance improvement. With samples drawn from procurement practitioners of public universities in Ghana, the study adopts a qualitative approach based on the constant comparative analysis of interview data; deriving categories from composite concepts. At the end of the analysis process three ‘categories’ emerged - procurement practice, resource integration and networking, and information support systems for procurement practitioners. A careful evaluation of these ‘categories’ show that whereas an integration of the concept of service dominant logic into procurement practices could improve procurement performance in public universities in Ghana, bottlenecks such as minimal resource integration and networking; inadequate information support systems; and prohibitions on customer-supplier relationship building affect performance improvement. These findings are significant because they contribute to the body of knowledge in a study area known for its paucity of empirical information.
The Orientation of Ancient Monuments in Sweden - A Critique of Archaeoastronorny and an Alternative Interpretation

The results of three archaeoastronomical studies of Scandinavian ancient monuments are discussed and dismissed as unconvincing. The necessity of a broader approach to the problem of orientation is emphasised. The mean orientations of several groups of ancient monuments in Sweden are presented. It is suggested that graves, as well as other ancient monuments, are roughly oriented according to the four cardinal points, although the conception of the cardinal points was not the same as it is now. Two different ancient conceptions are suggested, the B- and Csystems. Possible social and religious background and astronomical principles are discussed.
Plant Responses to Drought Stress - ReadingSample

Plant resistance to drought relies on adaptive strategies based on the timing of phenophases and on the presence of structural traits mainly related to: (1) increase of water uptake and storage; (2) reduction of water loss during dry periods; and (3) mechanical reinforcement of tissues to prevent wilting that may lead to irreversible collapse and damage of cells. In this chapter, after a few evolutionary considerations, we focus on the adaptive value of the main phenological, morphological and anatomical properties. We report the common existence of such traits in both desert and semiarid environments, especially in Mediterranean-type ecosystems. All morpho-anatomical characteristics are interpreted considering that plant resistance to drought also depends on the ability to respond to multiple stressors. We conclude that various combinations of anatomical features can contribute in different degrees to the adaptive capacity of plants to drought.
Evaluation of the Environmental Impacts of Ultrafine and Nano Titanium Dioxide Photocatalyst Coatings for Pavements Using Life-Cycle Assessment

The use of Titanium Dioxide (TiO2) ultrafine particulates as coating for concrete pavement have received considerable attention in recent years as these coatings can trap and absorb organic and inorganic air pollutants by a photocatalytic process. Despite these promising benefits, the promotion of TiO2 coatings based on a single factor such as air quality does not provide a complete evaluation of this technology and may omit critical environmental factors that should be considered in sustainable material selection decision-making process. The objective of this study was to determine the life-cycle assessment of TiO2 coating technology. To achieve this objective, a life-cycle inventory (LCI) that quantifies the energy, abiotic raw material inputs, and emission of TiO2 coatings from cradle to grave was developed. Based on this inventory, life-cycle impact assessment of TiO2 coatings for concrete pavement was determined using the BEES impact assessment model. The use of titanium dioxide coating has a positive effect on four main environmental categories: acidification, eutrophication, criteria air pollutants, and smog formation. However, during production phases and due to the consumption of fossil energy, titanium dioxide will cause an increase in global warming, fossil fuel depletion, water intake, ozone depletion, and impacts on human health. Based on the overall environmental performance of this product, life cycle assessment shows that titanium dioxide coating has an overall negative score of -0.70 indicating that the addition of this surface layer will have an overall positive effect on the environment.
Assessment of Breed- and Sex-based Variation in Flavor-related Compounds of Duck Meat in Korea

The objective of present research is to evaluate the effect of breed and sex on flavor-related compounds of duck meat in Korea. Breast meat of each different breed [Korean native duck (KND) and commercial duck, Cherry Valley (CD)] and sex (male and female) were analyzed for chemical composition, nucleotide, fatty acid composition, and free amino acid. In comparison within the different breed and sex, CD and female duck were higher in moisture composition compared to KND and male duck. The meat from female duck had higher inosine monophosphate (IMP) contents while the meat from KND had higher inosine contents (P<0.05). Mostly, male duck had higher contents of free amino acid, including alanine, aspartic acid, glycine, histidine, leucine, serine, valine, glutamic acid and cysteine (P<0.05), even though no significance in the sum of taste-related free amino acid was observed with respect to breed and sex. From the results, it was found that breed has no significant impact while sex has influenced the flavor-related compounds, especially, IMP and most of the free amino acids. In order to get breed-specific advantages, KND should be developed based on flavor aspect and further studies using KND with known genetic confirmation should be conducted for the extrinsic and intrinsic flavor influencing factors.
The Professional Growth of a Primary School Teacher Engaged in an Innovative Primary Science Trial Curriculum Development Project Utilising Satellite Broadcasting.

The implementation of effective science programs in primary schools is of continuing interest and concern for teacher educators. Recent Australian national initiatives have been designed to foster the teaching of science in primary schools. At the provincial level in Queensland, decisions concerning the planning and introduction of a new primary science syllabus are still pending. As part of the Australian Academy of Science's approach to creating an awareness of the national curriculum project called "Primary Investigations," a project team tried out a series of satellite broadcasts of lessons related to two units of the curriculum for grades 3 and 4. The curriculum development project included a focused inservice component for the respective classroom teachers, also conducted by satellite. This paper reports the involvement of a grade 4 teacher in the project and analyzes her professional growth in the areas of self-efficacy and motivation. Already an experienced and confident teacher, the subject showed no quantitative changes in self-efficacy; however, her pedagogical content knowledge and confidence to teach science in the concept areas covered by the broadcast were enhanced. Changes in the teacher's views about the cooperative learning strategies espoused by "Primary Investigations" were also evident. All the results suggest implications for the design of inservice programs for primary science teachers. (Contains 41 references.) (Author/SWC) *********************************************************************** Reproductions supplied by EDRS are the best that can be made * from the original document. *********************************************************************** The Professional Growth of a Primary School Teacher Engaged in an Innovative Primary Science Trial Curriculum Development Project Utilising Satellite Broadcasting. Ian S Ginns and James J Watters Centre for Mathematics and Science Education Queensland University of Technology U.S. DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION Office of Educational Research and Improvement EDUCATIONAL RESOURCES INFORMATION CENTER (ERIC) This document has been reproduced as received from the person or organization originating it. Minor changes have been made to improve reproduction quality. Points of view or opinions stated in this document do not necessarily represent official OERI position or policy. Paper presented at the Annual Conference of the Australasian Science Education Research Association, Canberra July 1996.
Inhibitory effects of natural spices extracts on Aspergillus growth and aflatoxin synthesis

Aflatoxins are naturally occurring toxic metabolites produced by many Aspergillus particularly Aspergillus flavus and Aspergillus parasiticus in food and feed products. These toxins are hepatotoxic and mutagenic causing severe health disorders including hepatitis and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Various physical and chemical strategies have been introduced to control the growth and aflatoxin production. However, due to safety concerns and potent toxicity of chemicals, researchers are seeking for cost-effective and non-toxic alternates of plant origins to prevent deterioration of grain crops. The aim of this study was to check the effect of natural spices products such as aniseed, black cumin, black pepper, cardamom and turmeric extracts on the growth of pathogenic strains and their ability to produce aflatoxin contamination. Antifungal activity of spices including black cumin, turmeric, black pepper, cardamom and aniseed were performed against aflatoxigenic strain of Aspergillus parasiticus. Water soluble extracts of these spices were prepared, agar diffusion assay was performed and zone of inhibition was measured after applying different concentrations of extracts against the above strain. Subsequently, aflatoxin inhibition assay was performed by inoculating sub-inhibitory concentrations of these extracts with aflatoxigenic strain in Czapek Dox liquid medium. After incubation, thin layer chromatography (TLC) was performed to detect and quantify aflatoxins. All extracts have shown concentration dependent antifungal activity and best results were obtained with cardamom which was active even at 0.005% concentration. In addition, it was also observed that the synthesis of toxin was inhibited by all extracts and maximum activity at the concentration of 0.00025% was shown by black cumin, black pepper and aniseed. Our study showed that these extracts are effective to control aflatoxigenic strains of Aspergillus and aflatoxin contamination and may be considered as an alternative to control post-harvest fungal diseases.
CREDIBILITY ASSESSMENT INTERVIEWS

Countermeasures, or techniques for hiding guilt during a credibility assessment examination, have long been an important topic in cognitive psychology and criminal justice fields. With recent IS research on automated screening systems, understanding the potential for countermeasures in this new paradigm is of increasing importance. This paper reports on a large experiment examining countermeasures in an automated deception detection screening context. The effectiveness of traditional countermeasure types (mental and physical) are examined, as well as an exploratory approach of trying several countermeasures at once. The exploratory approach was tested to investigate a proposed novel systems-inspired solution to countermeasures—triangulating on deception likelihood using multiple sensors measuring multiple behavioral and psychophysiological anomalies. The findings give credence to the proposition that monitoring multiple heterogeneous cues to deception may be a viable solution for mitigating the effectiveness of countermeasures.
Optical tweezers affected by monochromatic aberrations

The performance of optical tweezers in the presence of monochromatic aberrations is investigated theoretically and experimentally. For the calculation of optical forces we use a ray-optics-based force simulation, which is embedded in a ray tracing routine. By considering optical path differences caused by monochromatic aberrations, we are able to simulate their effect on the trapping forces. Optical trapping experiments considering the influence of aberrations were performed with an optical tweezers system, specially adapted to trap particles in gaseous surrounding. The conformity of these measurements with the theoretical predictions verifies the correct performance of the optical force simulation routine. Based on the reliable simulation tool, further theoretical studies are performed on how optical aberrations affect the function and performance of optical tweezers.
Impact of Tick Size Reduction on Small Caps Price Efficiency and Execution cost on the Indonesia Stock Exchange

On 2 January 2007, the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) implements a new tick size of Rp1 in addition to the extant Rp5, Rp10, Rp25 and Rp50 tick sizes. This research investigates the impact of tick size reduction on stock price efficiency and execution cost. The microstructure effect of the new tick size should only impact small caps traded at Rp200 or lower, for those shares were previously traded at Rp5 tick. Using OLS and quantile regressions, we find the new tick policy significantly improves small caps price efficiency and partially reduces execution cost. The new tick size moderately reduces the mean of execution cost but does not reduce the median.
CONTRIBUTION OF PERI-URBAN FORESTS TO NEIGHBOURHOOD LIVELIHOODS IN ABEOKUTA, OGUN STATE, NIGERIA

The study examined the contribution of peri-urban forest to neighbourhood livelihoods in Abeokuta, Ogun State, Nigeria. Stratified sampling technique was adopted for the study. Four strata represent- ing different communities were selected; Ajegule, Ibode Olude, Ilugun Titun and Mawuko. From each stratum, twenty five respondents were randomly selected with a total of 100 respondents from the neighbourhood. Questionnaire was used as the instrument of data collection. The result showed that poverty line was N8,871.41 monthly and 41% of the respondents were categorised as poor (Poverty incidence). Household assets acquisition as poverty indicator showed that majority of the respondents could not afford luxury items such as cars (89%), generators (71%) and electric cookers (99%). Liveli- hood activities identified in peri-urban forest with respondents distribution were firewood collection 24%, wages 24%, snail gathering 7%, medicinal leaves collection 5%, hunting 8%, teak leaves collec- tion 21% and geological materials extraction 11%. The earnings and income shares by source indi- cated that forest contributed 17% of total income in Ajegunle, 15% in Ibode Olude, 18% in Ilugun Titun and 15% in Mawuko. This showed the contribution of peri-urban forest to welfare of the respondents in the neighbourhood. Consequently, it is recommended that conservation efforts must increase through forest policy for peri-urban forests coupled with adult literacy for adequate education to reduce de- pendence on forests in peri-urban areas to enable the forest impact positively through eco-services on the lives of residents in the locality.
Regulatory influences on innovation in the public sector: the role of regulatory regimes

ABSTRACT The purpose of this paper is to explore the impact of regulation on innovation within the public sector. This is done by integrating two separate frameworks, related to regulatory regimes and public-sector innovation. Through a case study of the Scottish water sector a matrix integrating these frameworks has been empirically developed, illustrating a continuous improvement path for innovation in the Scottish water sector. Findings indicate that customer and shareholder accountability is manifest at the transitional interface of the regulatory regimes, facilitating movement within the different systems. Interplay with the accountabilities and adjustments to the regulatory regime are paramount for progress. Through incentives to establish partnerships, the regulator provides conditions for new ideas to emerge with reduced risk of failure. Experimentation allows a new approach towards solving problems and enhancing innovation potential within the sector. The contribution of this paper is a framework demonstrating mechanisms required to move between government-centred, compliance- based regulation through to performance-oriented regulatory regimes.