Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
NOD1 Promotes Antiviral Signaling by Binding Viral RNA and Regulating the Interaction of MDA5 and MAVS

Key Points NOD1 restricts replication of RNA viruses. The cumulative effects between NOD1 and MDA5 normal form are conserved. NOD1 degradation by the truncated form of MDA5 is specific to fish. Visual Abstract Nucleotide oligomerization domain–like receptors (NLRs) and RIG-I–like receptors (RLRs) detect diverse pathogen-associated molecular patterns to activate the innate immune response. The role of mammalian NLR NOD1 in sensing bacteria is well established. Although several studies suggest NOD1 also plays a role in sensing viruses, the mechanisms behind this are still largely unknown. In this study, we report on the synergism and antagonism between NOD1 and MDA5 isoforms in teleost. In zebrafish, the overexpression of NOD1 enhances the antiviral response and mRNA abundances of key antiviral genes involved in RLR-mediated signaling, whereas the loss of NOD1 has the opposite effect. Notably, spring viremia of carp virus–infected NOD1−/− zebrafish exhibit reduced survival compared with wild-type counterparts. Mechanistically, NOD1 targets MDA5 isoforms and TRAF3 to modulate the formation of MDA5–MAVS and TRAF3–MAVS complexes. The cumulative effects of NOD1 and MDA5a (MDA5 normal form) were observed for the binding with poly(I:C) and the formation of the MDA5a–MAVS complex, which led to increased transcription of type I IFNs and ISGs. However, the antagonism between NOD1 and MDA5b (MDA5 truncated form) was clearly observed during proteasomal degradation of NOD1 by MDA5b. In humans, the interactions between NOD1–MDA5 and NOD1–TRAF3 were confirmed. Furthermore, the roles that NOD1 plays in enhancing the binding of MDA5 to MAVS and poly(I:C) are also evolutionarily conserved across species. Taken together, our findings suggest that mutual regulation between NOD1 and MDA5 isoforms may play a crucial role in the innate immune response and that NOD1 acts as a positive regulator of MDA5/MAVS normal form–mediated immune signaling in vertebrates.
Microvascular Effects of Echinodorus grandiflorus on Cardiovascular Disorders

Abstract Echinodorus grandiflorus is a semiaquatic plant native to Brazil and belongs to the Alismataceae family. Infusion preparations of the leaves of this plant are often used due to its diuretic, blood pressure lowering, and anti-inflammatory properties. Our aim was to investigate the effects of chronic treatment with the crude hydroalcoholic extract of E. grandiflorus on central and peripheral microvascular changes induced in a model of hypertension and diabetes. The hemodynamic and microvascular effects of E. grandiflorus extract (50, 100, or 200 mg/kg/day for 28 days) or the isolated major diterpene from E. grandiflorus (3 to 10 mg/kg i. v.) were evaluated in spontaneously hypertensive rats using tail plethysmography and intravital fluorescence videomicroscopy, respectively, and were compared to vehicle-treated normotensive Wistar-Kyoto rats. We also investigated the protective effects of chronic treatment with E. grandiflorus (100 mg/kg/day) in brain capillary density and leukocyte-endothelium interactions on the brain vessels of DM-spontaneously (DM: diabetes mellitus) hypertensive rats. Chronically treating spontaneously hypertensive rats with increasing doses of crude hydroalcoholic E. grandiflorus extract resulted in significant dose-dependent reductions in systolic blood pressure and an anti-inflammatory effect on the brain microcirculation of DM-spontaneously hypertensive rat animals. Using laser speckle contrast imaging, we observed that intravenous administration of the major isolated clerodane diterpene metabolite (1 – 10 mg/kg) increased microvascular blood flow by 25% in spontaneously hypertensive rat skeletal muscle. The results of this study show that E. grandiflorus extracts can be useful in the prevention and reduction of microcirculatory damage in arterial hypertension and other diseases that involve microvascular dysfunction.
From Classical Laboratory Parameters to Novel Biomarkers for the Diagnosis of Venous Thrombosis

Venous thrombosis is a common and potentially fatal disease, because of its high morbidity and mortality, especially in hospitalized patients. To establish the diagnosis of venous thrombosis, in the last years, a multi-modality approach that involves not only imaging modalities but also serology has been evolving. Multiple studies have demonstrated the use of some biomarkers, such as D-dimer, selectins, microparticles or inflammatory cytokines, for the diagnosis and treatment of venous thrombosis, but there is no single biomarker available to exclusively confirm the diagnosis of venous thrombosis. Considering the fact that there are some issues surrounding the management of patients with venous thrombosis and the duration of treatment, recent studies support the idea that these biomarkers may help guide the length of appropriate anticoagulation treatment, by identifying patients at high risk of recurrence. At the same time, biomarkers may help predict thrombus evolution, potentially identifying patients that would benefit from more aggressive therapies. This review focuses on classic and novel biomarkers currently under investigation, discussing their diagnostic performance and potential benefit in guiding the therapy for venous thrombosis.
Structure and Function of LCI1: A plasma membrane CO2 channel in the Chlamydomonas CO2 concentrating mechanism.

Microalgae and cyanobacteria contribute roughly half of the global photosynthetic carbon assimilation. Faced with limited access to CO2 in aquatic environments, which can vary daily or hourly, these microorganisms have evolved use of an efficient CO2 concentrating mechanism (CCM) to accumulate high internal concentrations of inorganic carbon (Ci ) to maintain photosynthetic performance. For eukaryotic algae, a combination of molecular, genetic and physiological studies using the model organism Chlamydomonas reinhardtii, have revealed the function and molecular characteristics of many CCM components, including active Ci uptake systems. Fundamental to eukaryotic Ci uptake systems are Ci transporters/channels located in membranes of various cell compartments, which together facilitate the movement of Ci from the environment into the chloroplast, where primary CO2 assimilation occurs. Two putative plasma membrane Ci transporters, HLA3 and LCI1, are reportedly involved in active Ci uptake. Based on previous studies, HLA3 clearly plays a meaningful role in HCO3 - transport, but the function of LCI1 has not yet been thoroughly investigated so remains somewhat obscure. Here we report a crystal structure of the full length LCI1 membrane protein to reveal LCI1 structural characteristics, as well as in vivo physiological studies in an LCI1 loss-of-function mutant to reveal the Ci species preference for LCI1. Together, these new studies demonstrate LCI1 plays an important role in active CO2 uptake and that LCI1 likely functions as a plasma membrane CO2 channel, possibly a gated channel. Supporting Information.
Machine Learning and Statistical Models to Predict Postpartum Hemorrhage.

OBJECTIVE To predict a woman's risk of postpartum hemorrhage at labor admission using machine learning and statistical models. METHODS Predictive models were constructed and compared using data from 10 of 12 sites in the U.S. Consortium for Safe Labor Study (2002-2008) that consistently reported estimated blood loss at delivery. The outcome was postpartum hemorrhage, defined as an estimated blood loss at least 1,000 mL. Fifty-five candidate risk factors routinely available on labor admission were considered. We used logistic regression with and without lasso regularization (lasso regression) as the two statistical models, and random forest and extreme gradient boosting as the two machine learning models to predict postpartum hemorrhage. Model performance was measured by C statistics (ie, concordance index), calibration, and decision curves. Models were constructed from the first phase (2002-2006) and externally validated (ie, temporally) in the second phase (2007-2008). Further validation was performed combining both temporal and site-specific validation. RESULTS Of the 152,279 assessed births, 7,279 (4.8%, 95% CI 4.7-4.9) had postpartum hemorrhage. All models had good-to-excellent discrimination. The extreme gradient boosting model had the best discriminative ability to predict postpartum hemorrhage (C statistic: 0.93; 95% CI 0.92-0.93), followed by random forest (C statistic: 0.92; 95% CI 0.91-0.92). The lasso regression model (C statistic: 0.87; 95% CI 0.86-0.88) and logistic regression (C statistic: 0.87; 95% CI 0.86-0.87) had lower-but-good discriminative ability. The above results held with validation across both time and sites. Decision curve analysis demonstrated that, although all models provided superior net benefit when clinical decision thresholds were between 0% and 80% predicted risk, the extreme gradient boosting model provided the greatest net benefit. CONCLUSION Postpartum hemorrhage on labor admission can be predicted with excellent discriminative ability using machine learning and statistical models. Further clinical application is needed, which may assist health care providers to be prepared and triage at-risk women.
Beyond Heat Stress: Intestinal Integrity Disruption and Mechanism-Based Intervention Strategies

The current climate changes have increased the prevalence and intensity of heat stress (HS) conditions. One of the initial consequences of HS is the impairment of the intestinal epithelial barrier integrity due to hyperthermia and hypoxia following blood repartition, which often results in a leaky gut followed by penetration and transfer of luminal antigens, endotoxins, and pathogenic bacteria. Under extreme conditions, HS may culminate in the onset of “heat stroke”, a potential lethal condition if remaining untreated. HS-induced alterations of the gastrointestinal epithelium, which is associated with a leaky gut, are due to cellular oxidative stress, disruption of intestinal integrity, and increased production of pro-inflammatory cytokines. This review summarizes the possible resilience mechanisms based on in vitro and in vivo data and the potential interventions with a group of nutritional supplements, which may increase the resilience to HS-induced intestinal integrity disruption and maintain intestinal homeostasis.
Social Determinants of Pregnancy-Related Mortality and Morbidity in the United States: A Systematic Review.

OBJECTIVE To synthesize the literature on associations between social determinants of health and pregnancy-related mortality and morbidity in the United States and to highlight opportunities for intervention and future research. DATA SOURCES We performed a systematic search using Ovid MEDLINE, CINAHL, Popline, Scopus, and ClinicalTrials.gov (1990-2018) using MeSH terms related to maternal mortality, morbidity, and social determinants of health, and limited to the United States. METHODS OF STUDY SELECTION Selection criteria included studies examining associations between social determinants and adverse maternal outcomes including pregnancy-related death, severe maternal morbidity, and emergency hospitalizations or readmissions. Using Covidence, three authors screened abstracts and two screened full articles for inclusion. TABULATION, INTEGRATION, AND RESULTS Two authors extracted data from each article and the data were analyzed using a descriptive approach. A total of 83 studies met inclusion criteria and were analyzed. Seventy-eight of 83 studies examined socioeconomic position or individual factors as predictors, demonstrating evidence of associations between minority race and ethnicity (58/67 studies with positive findings), public or no insurance coverage (21/30), and lower education levels (8/12), and increased incidence of maternal death and severe maternal morbidity. Only 2 of 83 studies investigated associations between these outcomes and socioeconomic, political, and cultural context (eg, public policy), and 20 of 83 studies investigated material and physical circumstances (eg, neighborhood environment, segregation), limiting the diversity of social determinants of health studied as well as evaluation of such evidence. CONCLUSION Empirical studies provide evidence for the role of race and ethnicity, insurance, and education in pregnancy-related mortality and severe maternal morbidity risk, although many other important social determinants, including mechanisms of effect, remain to be studied in greater depth. SYSTEMATIC REVIEW REGISTRATION PROSPERO, CRD42018102415.
The transcriptional regulator MEIS2 sets up the ground state for palatal osteogenesis in mice

Haploinsufficiency of Meis homeobox 2 (MEIS2), encoding a transcriptional regulator, is associated with human cleft palate, and Meis2 inactivation leads to abnormal palate development in mice, implicating MEIS2 functions in palate development. However, its functional mechanisms remain unknown. Here we observed widespread MEIS2 expression in the developing palate in mice. Wnt1Cre-mediated Meis2 inactivation in cranial neural crest cells led to a secondary palate cleft. Importantly, about half of the Wnt1Cre;Meis2f/f mice exhibited a submucous cleft, providing a model for studying palatal bone formation and patterning. Consistent with complete absence of palatal bones, the results from integrative analyses of MEIS2 by ChIP sequencing, RNA-Seq, and an assay for transposase-accessible chromatin sequencing identified key osteogenic genes regulated directly by MEIS2, indicating that it plays a fundamental role in palatal osteogenesis. De novo motif analysis uncovered that the MEIS2-bound regions are highly enriched in binding motifs for several key osteogenic transcription factors, particularly short stature homeobox 2 (SHOX2). Comparative ChIP sequencing analyses revealed genome-wide co-occupancy of MEIS2 and SHOX2 in addition to their colocalization in the developing palate and physical interaction, suggesting that SHOX2 and MEIS2 functionally interact. However, although SHOX2 was required for proper palatal bone formation and was a direct downstream target of MEIS2, Shox2 overexpression failed to rescue the palatal bone defects in a Meis2-mutant background. These results, together with the fact that Meis2 expression is associated with high osteogenic potential and required for chromatin accessibility of osteogenic genes, support a vital function of MEIS2 in setting up a ground state for palatal osteogenesis.
Psychopathologie de l'adolescent fumeur de cannabis : Cannabis.

Au cours des 10 dernieres annees, la consommation de cannabis chez les adolescents a considerablement augmente, devenant un probleme majeur de sante publique. De plus, les formes de cannabis utilisees, principalement herbe ou resine, sont de plus en plus riches en principe psychoactif, le tetrahydroxycannabinol. Le cannabis est utilise par bon nombre d'adolescents en difficulte psychologique certaine dans un but « autotherapeutique » sous couvert d'une dimension « recreative ». L'usage abusif puis la dependance qui rapidement s'autorenforcent s'inscrivent dans le cadre de problematiques sous-tendues par une fragilite identitaire a l'origine d'une vulnerabilite a la depression plus ou moins bien contenue par l'addiction toxicomaniaque, mais entravant le processus d'autonomisation du sujet. L'addiction a de fait pour fonction economique essentielle de reguler la distance relationnelle vecue comme menacante pour l'identite du sujet, evitant plus ou moins laborieusement les angoisses d'intrusion et d'abandon.
A Review of the Theoretical Fascial Models: Biotensegrity, Fascintegrity, and Myofascial Chains

The fascial tissue includes solid and liquid fascia (body fluids such as blood and lymph). The fascia's nomenclature is the subject of debate in the academic world, as it is classified starting from different scientific perspectives. This disagreement is not a brake but is, in reality, the real wealth of research, the multidisciplinarity of thought and knowledge that leads to a deeper understanding of the topic. Another topic of discussion is the fascial model to conceptualize the human body, that is, how the fascial tissue fits into the living. Currently, there are some models: biotensegrity, fascintegrity, and myofascial chains. Biotensegrity is a mechanical model, which takes into consideration the solid fascia; fascintegrity considers the solid and the liquid fascia. Myofascial chains converge attention on the movement and transmission of force in the muscle continuum. The article is a reflection on fascial models and how these are theoretical-scientific visions that need to be further investigated.
The Impact of Copper in Children with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder

MIHAIL SILVIU TUDOSIE1, ELENA TRUTA2, ANA MARIA DAVITOIU3, LUMINITA STANCIULESCU2*, GEORGE JINESCU2, ANA MIHAELA MITU4, MARGARITA FORJE1, LUMINITA HORHOTA1, ALEXANDRA ANDRADA BOJESCU5, ALINA MONICA MARES6, MIHAI IONICA1,7 1 Military Medical Scientific Research Center U.M. 02433, Bucharest, Romania 2 Clinical Emergency Hospital Bucharest, 8 Calea Floresca, 014461, Bucharest, Romania 3 Clinical Emergency Children Hospital Victor Gomoiu Bucharest, 21 Basarabia Blvd., 022102, Bucharest, Romania 4 Psychology Cabinet Ana Mihaela Mitu Bucharest, 1 Rosia Montana, Bl. 17, Sc 3, 060951, Bucharest, Romania, 5 Medical Office Alexandra Andrada Bojescu Bucharest, 35A Calea Dorobanti, 010553, Bucharest, Romania 6 University Politehnica Bucharest, Chemical Engineering Department, 1-7 Polizu Str. , 011061, Bucharest, Romania 7 University Politehnica Bucharest, Complex studenþesc Leu, corp A, B, 1-3 Iuliu Maniu Blvd., 061071, Bucharest, Romania
ARTIFICIAL NEURAL NETWORKS AND MIXED-EFFECTS MODELING TO DESCRIBE THE STEM PROFILE OF Pinus taeda L.

The aim of this study was to compare the effectiveness of artificial neural networks (ANNs) and mixed-effects models (MEMs) in describing the stem profile of Pinus taeda L. , using sample data from 246 trees. First, three taper functions of different classes were adjusted: non-segmented, segmented, and variable-form. To adjust the models, the nonlinear regression technique ( nls ) was used. In the best performance equation for nls -adjusted diameter estimates, the nonlinear MEM ( nlme ) was applied at two levels, using the age class ( ci ) and DBH class ( cd ). For this, three different study scenarios were considered, with the number of coefficients with random effects ranging from one to three in each scenario. The adjustments were made using the nls and nlme functions in R software. The selected mixed-effect equations were compared with ANNs generated in Neuro 4.0 software. The taper function models and ANNs were classified according to statistical criteria and graphical analysis of residues. The tapering equation of Bi (2000) presented better performance for diameter estimates than the non-segmented and segmented equations. Application of the nlme technique in the Bi (2000) equation increased the accuracy of the diameter estimates for Pinus taeda , in relation to the adjustment using the nls technique. In the comparison of ANNs with the variations of the Bi equation of mixed-effects, the networks performed better, indicated in the description of the P. taeda profile.
Data integration on complex data

More often than not, a data source can be modeled as a relational table. Due to various reasons, the schema information about those data sources may not be accurate, complete, or even available. As we know, a primary/foreign-key constraint explicitly defines how two tables should be joined. However, when the constraint is not applicable, it is possible to have multiple ways to join the data, and different users may expect different join results. In this thesis, we first tackle this data integration challenge by investigating how to join tables guided by user preferences. To further improve the quality of data integration, data value similarity needs to be considered as well. Threshold-driven similarity join has been extensively studied in the past. However, the process of tuning similarity threshold is tedious and error-prone. In this thesis, when performing a similarity join, we further seek to provide a few user preferences instead of similarity thresholds for a user to select from. Once a particular preference is chosen, we automatically tune the threshold and return the corresponding similarity join result. Comparing to state-of-the-art baselines, our work provide significantly better effectiveness while having comparable efficiency and scalability.
GREEN PURCHASE DETERMINANTS BASED ON INTERPRETIVE STRUCTURAL MODELING: CASE OF IRAN’S GREEN MARKETING

Manuscript type: Research paper Research Aims: This paper aims to clarify the relationship between the green purchase behavior’s affecting factors as well as organizing them depending upon their driving and dependence power which ultimately leads to an ISM-based structural model. Design/methodology/approach: Thorough literature review and subsequent discussions with experts, antecedent factors of green purchase behavior are extracted, which are followed by ISM structural modeling. Research Findings: Interpretive structural modeling, justified a five-layer structure in which the role of government, social influence, and reference power are the cornerstones of green purchase behavior in Iran’s green market. Theoretical Contribution/Originality: As the general rule of all affecting factors in stimulating green purchase behavior of customers, this is a rare study which investigates and provides insights to clarify the exact role of the factors in the field, including driving, linkage, autonomous and dependent variables. Practitioner/Policy Implication: Scrutinizing the motivators of green purchasing behavior and their interrelationships would help professionals as well as scholars to understand its determinants, which will lead to more insightful decisions. Further, this understanding may be useful in shaping green marketing policies and strategies for Iranian and the other green product firms al around the world. Research limitation/Implications: the limitation of this study was twofold: first, as purchasing green products is not isolated from cultural context, this study has been conducted in a green purchase cultural context which is in developing phase; Second, reaching to academia experts was another limitation of the study as there has been a lack of in-depth study in this field by Iranian academics.
The constitutional rationalization of the separation of powers: The case of Serbia

The main goal of this paper is to analyze the modalities of the separation of powers in the constitutional state. The starting point is that “pure” forms of separation of powers no longer exist even in traditional constitutional states, whereas in the so-called new democracies the practice is focused on exploring ways of rationalizing the traditional form of parliamentarism. Hence, the semi-presidential system as a new form in the 20th century is proving to be a new platform upon which new modalities of the separation of powers are being built. After considering the theoretical framework of semi-presidentialism, the author focuses on the constitutional approach in the process of selecting the organizational model of the separation of powers. The central topic is the constitutional construction of the separation of powers in Serbia since 1990 and its development through two normative constructions. The last part of the paper highlights, in particular, the prospective of the national separation of powers framework and the possible mechanism for balancing two branches of political power.