Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Single access point based indoor localization technique for augmented reality gaming for children

In this paper we discuss our attempt to solve the problem of Indoor Localization for a game intended to enhance learning among children by involving them in `learning' along with `play'. The first part of the paper describes our methodology towards the construction of the Augmented Reality Game for enhancing astronomy learning in children, emphasizing the experiential nature of tangible interactions and the remote dimension which the game can take, due to the available social media tools, by bringing people into a virtual 3D space to interact with each other. To keep the game simple and less complicated, we employ Single Access Point based Indoor Localization technique for tracking players. In the latter part of the paper we discuss the Indoor Localization system being implemented to track real time location of the player in his/her physical environment and the same being mapped on a virtual game arena for facilitating remote play dimension. Technologies used for early prototype: - basic optics for creating a device that gives 3D illusion of celestial objects appearing on 2D screen, a Kinect-sensor environment, and potentiometer for interactions. Technologies for the game being currently developed: augmented and virtual reality elements, indoor position tracking using Kalman filter implemented inertial navigation system, with Wi-Fi RSSI data, onboard sensory data, geo-tagging.
An Overview of Signaling Regulons During Cold Stress Tolerance in Plants

Plants, being sessile organisms, constantly withstand environmental fluctuations, including low-temperature, also referred as cold stress. Whereas cold poses serious challenges at both physiological and developmental levels to plants growing in tropical or sub-tropical regions, plants from temperate climatic regions can withstand chilling or freezing temperatures. Several cold inducible genes have already been isolated and used in transgenic approach to generate cold tolerant plants. The conventional breeding methods and marker assisted selection have helped in developing plant with improved cold tolerance, however, the development of freezing tolerant plants through cold acclimation remains an unaccomplished task. Therefore, it is essential to have a clear understanding of how low temperature sensing strategies and corresponding signal transduction act during cold acclimation process. Herein, we synthesize the available information on the molecular mechanisms underlying cold sensing and signaling with an aim that the summarized literature will help develop efficient strategies to obtain cold tolerant plants.
Linear and Nonlinear Demand Forecasting for Effective Inventory Control

The organizational performance is by and large gauged by its ability to manage productivity and efficiency. The production and inventory management strategies developed and followed by organizations largely influence the productivity and profitability. In fact the supply chain management has become co mpetitive tool for organization. The precise forecasts and effective inventory control assist the organization to achieve its financial goal. Largely the discrete approach to functional aspects of supply chain management are applied and found in literature. However co mbined or integrated demand forecasting and inventory control would not only reduce the inventory, total cost but would also improve profitability and service levels.
Survival in Breast Cancer High HSP 90 Expression Is Associated with Decreased Updated

The heat shock protein HSP90 chaperones proteins implicated in breast cancer progression, including Her2/neu. HSP90targeting agents are in clinical trials for breast cancer. HSP90 expression is high in breast cancer cell lines, yet no large studies have been conducted on expression in human tumors and the association with clinical/pathologic variables. Tissue microarrays containing 10 cell lines and primary specimens from 655 patients with 10-year follow-up were assessed using our automated quantitative analysis (AQUA) method; we used cytokeratin to define pixels as breast cancer (tumor mask) within the array spot and measured HSP90 expression within the mask using Cy5-conjugated antibodies. We similarly assessed estrogen receptor, progesterone receptor, and Her2/ neu expression. HSP90 expression was more variable in human tumors than in cell lines (P < 0.0001). High HSP90 expression was associated with decreased survival (P = 0.0024). On multivariable analysis, high HSP90 expression remained an independent prognostic marker. High HSP90 expression was associated with high Her2/neu and estrogen receptor, large tumors, high nuclear grade, and lymph node involvement. Although HSP90 levels were high in all our cell lines, expression in tumors was more variable. High HSP90 expression in primary breast cancer defines a population of patients with decreased survival. Evaluation of HSP90 expression in early-stage breast cancer may identify a subset of patients requiring more aggressive or pathway-targeted treatment. Prospective studies are needed to confirm the prognostic role of HSP90, as well as the predictive role of HSP90 expression in patients treated with HSP90 inhibitors. [Cancer Res 2007;67(7):2932–7]
Orientation of Mineral Crystallites and Mineral Density During Skeletal Development in Mice Deficient in Tissue Nonspecific Alkaline Phosphatase

Tissue nonspecific alkaline phosphatase (TNALP) is thought to play an important role in mineralization processes, although its exact working mechanism is not known. In the present investigation we have studied mineral crystal characteristics in the developing skeleton of TNALP‐deficient mice. Null mutants (n = 7) and their wild‐type littermates (n = 7) were bred and killed between 8 and 22 days after birth. Skeletal tissues were processed to assess mineral characteristics (small angle X‐ray scattering, quantitative backscattered electron imaging), and to analyze bone by light microscopy and immunolabeling. The results showed a reduced longitudinal growth and a strongly delayed epiphyseal ossification in the null mutants. This was accompanied by disturbances in mineralization pattern, in that crystallites were not orderly aligned with respect to the longitudinal axis of the cortical bone. Among the null mutants, a great variability in the mineralization parameters was noticed. Also, immunolabeling of osteopontin (OPN) revealed an abnormal distribution pattern of the protein within the bone matrix. Whereas in the wild‐type animals OPN was predominantly observed in cement and reversal lines, in the null mutants, OPN was also randomly dispersed throughout the nonmineralized matrix, with focal densities. In contrast, the distribution pattern of osteocalcin (OC) was comparable in both types of animals. It is concluded that ablation of TNALP results not only in hypomineralization of the skeleton, but also in a severe disorder of the mineral crystal alignment pattern in the corticalis of growing long bone in association with a disordered matrix architecture, presumably as a result of impaired bone remodeling and maturation.
Price Determinants on Airbnb: How Reputation Pays Off in the Sharing Economy

Trust is a crucial prerequisite for peer-to-peer rental and sharing. Therefore, platform operators such as Airbnb have implemented a plethora of trustbuilding mechanisms, user interface (UI) artefacts, and reputation systems. While the role of reputation systems for establishing trust is well-understood, little is known about how reputation actually translates into tangible economic value, either by attracting more demand or by enabling the enforcement of higher prices. In this paper, we consider the economic value of trust-building artefacts on Airbnb by quantifying price effects of common reputation features from a signaling theory perspective. Our analysis is based on hedonic price modeling and a large-scale dataset from 86 German cities that provides insights in the price effects of a diverse set of variables (average rating score, number of ratings, Superhost status, ID verification, photos, and duration of membership). Employing hedonic price regression modeling, we find that index signals such as the hosts’ rating scores and duration of membership are associated with economic value. Moreover, also conventional signals such as accommodation photographs consistently translate into price premiums. We discuss implications for platform operators, users, and the general design of Information Systems (IS) artefacts intended to facilitate peer-to-peer platform interactions.
Public Debt Sustainability and Defaults.

We offer a new methodology for the assessment of public debt sustainability in a stochastic economy when sovereign default taken into account. The default threshold differs from the no-Ponzi condition and depends on the post-default debt recovery rule. We distinguish sustainability and unsustainability conditions, related to alternative scenarios on the future sequence of shocks. We highlight the role of the debt recovery ratio on the whole dynamics of public debt. When a sovereign default occurs, the sustainability of the post-default debt is ensured when the haircut is sufficiently large. Lastly we provide an explanation of serial defaults.
Use of 133xenon in early diagnosis of inhalation injury.

133Xenon lung scanning post-thermal injury was used to detect inhalation injury in 86 patients admitted to the United States Army Institute of Surgical Research during 1974. Inhalation injury was indicated by the 37 (43%) positive scans. Based on all available clinicopathologic evidence, 11 (13%) of the scans were erroneous with seven (8%) falsely positive and four (5%) falsely negative. Eighty-six per cent of the scans were "appropriate. " Addition of bronchoscopy and/or pulmonary function testing appeared to improve diagnostic accuracy. By using any pair of tests, falsely negative diagnoses were virtually eliminated. Inhalation injury, as expected, had an adverse effect on survival rates. The group of patients whose expected mortality lay between 40 and 59% were most notably affected. One hundred per cent (five of five) of those with inhalation injury died; only one of eight without inhalation injury died.
Helping Smartphone Users Manage their Privacy through Nudges

The two major smartphone platforms (Android and iOS) have more than two million mobile applications (apps) available from their respective app stores, and each store has seen more than 50 billion apps downloaded. Although apps provide desired functionality by accessing users’ personal information, they also access personal information for other purposes (e.g., advertising or profiling) that users may or may not desire. Users can exercise control over how apps access their personal information through permission managers. However, a permission manager alone might not be sufficient to help users manage their app privacy because: (1) privacy is typically a secondary task and thus users might not be motivated enough to take advantage of the permission manager’s functionality, and (2) even when using the permission manager, users often make suboptimal privacy decisions due to hurdles in decision making such as incomplete information, bounded rationality, and cognitive and behavioral biases. To address these two challenges, the theoretical framework of this dissertation is the concept of nudges: “soft paternalistic” behavioral interventions that do not restrict choice but account for decision making hurdles. Specifically, I designed app privacy nudges that primarily address the incomplete information hurdle. The nudges aim to help users make better privacy decisions by (1) increasing users’ awareness of privacy risks associated with apps, and (2) temporarily making privacy the primary task to motivate users to review and adjust their app settings. I evaluated app privacy nudges in three user studies. All three studies showed that app privacy nudges are indeed a promising approach to help users manage their privacy. App privacy nudges increased users’ awareness of privacy risks associated with apps on their phones, switched users’ attention to privacy management, and motivated users to review their app privacy settings. Additionally, the second study suggested that not all app privacy nudge contents equally help users manage their privacy. Rather, more effective nudge contents informed users of: (1) contexts in which their personal information has been accessed, (2) purposes for apps’ accessing their personal information, and (3) potential implications of secondary usage of users’ personal information. The third study showed that user engagement with nudges decreases as users receive repeated nudges. Nonetheless, the results of the third experiment also showed that users are more likely to engage with repeated nudges (1) if users have engaged with previous nudges, (2) if repeated nudges contain new information (e.g., additional apps, not shown in earlier nudges, that accessed sensitive resources), or (3) if the nudge contents of repeated nudges resonate with users. The results of this dissertation suggest that mobile operating system providers should enrich their systems with app privacy nudges to assist users in managing their privacy. Additionally, the lessons learned in this dissertation may inform designing privacy nudges in emerging areas such as the Internet of Things.
Acute Posttraumatic Stress Disorder in Victims of a Natural Disaster

Five months after a tornado devastated a rural community in eastern North Carolina, the authors surveyed the mental health status of 116 disaster victims, using the Hopkins Symptom Checklist (HSCL) expanded to include most of DSM-III criteria for posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). A total of 69 (59%) victims met the criteria for acute PTSD, 19 of whom had a severe form. Although an inadequate degree of social support was more often noted in victims with severe PTSD, other demographic factors and degree of injury or property damage did not appear to be related to the presence of PTSD. Severity or presence of PTSD was supported by high scores on all HSCL subscale factors. These findings suggest a high incidence of acute PTSD in victims of natural disasters and the potential value of HSCL in screening for PTSD in large populations.
Efficient amplification of HIV half-genomes from tissue DNA.

The Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) amplification of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) sequences directly from patient samples provides data which shapes our understanding and response to the AIDS pandemic. However, the majority of the sequences obtained to date have resulted from short ( < 400 bp) PCR fragments (1, 2, 3), which limits the utility of these data for evolutionary and virologic studies. The amplification of large lentivirus fragments ( 2 4.5 kb) corresponding to one-half of the virus genome, was reported first from an infected cell culture with a high virus load (4), and second from 1 jtg of AIDS patient DNA (5). While somewhat successful, the previous methodologies encountered significant drawbacks: tissue culture propagation of virus skews the composition of virus populetions (2, 5, 6), co-amplification of multiple templates creates uncertainties with regard to recombination during PCR and bacterial cloning, amplification bias, and Taq polymerase fidelity (1, 5, 7), and amplification of products of the desired size was not always achieved from aliquots ofthe same patient sample (5). The method described permits the routine amplification of large HIV fragments directly from patient samples, obviating the need for virus culture prior to amplification, and facilitates functional studies of virus populations present within HIV infected patients. large fragment amplifications from patient often fail, yielding instead short amplified smears often not limited by the of provirus
Cryptographic Algorithm Implementation Requirements for Encapsulating Security Payload (ESP) and Authentication Header (AH)

The IPsec series of protocols makes use of various cryptographic algorithms in order to provide security services. The Encapsulating Security Payload (ESP) and the Authentication Header (AH) provide two mechanisms for protecting data being sent over an IPsec Security Association (SA). To ensure interoperability between disparate implementations, it is necessary to specify a set of mandatory-to- implement algorithms to ensure that there is at least one algorithm that all implementations will have available. This document defines the current set of mandatory-to-implement algorithms for ESP and AH as well as specifying algorithms that should be implemented because they may be promoted to mandatory at some future time. [STANDARDS-TRACK]
Finding Security Champions in Blends of Organisational Culture

—Security managers deﬁne policies and procedures to express how employees should behave to ‘do their bit’ for information security. They assume these policies are compatible with the business processes and individual employees’ tasks as they know them. Security managers usually rely on the ‘ofﬁcial’ description of how those processes are run; the day-to-day reality is different, and this is where security policies can cause friction. Organisations need employees to participate in the construction of workable security, by identifying where policies causes friction, are ambiguous, or just do not apply. However, current efforts to involve employees in security act to identify employees who can be local representatives of policy — as with the currently popular idea of ‘security champions’ — rather than as a representative of employee security needs. Towards helping organisations ‘close the loop’ and get input from employees, we have conducted employee surveys on security in the context of their speciﬁc jobs. The paper presents results from secondary analysis of one such survey in a large commercial organisation. The analysis of 608 responses ﬁnds that attitude to policy and behaviour types — the prevailing security cultures — vary greatly in the organisation and across four business divisions examined in further detail. There is a role in contributing to the effectiveness of security policies not only for those who follow policy, but also for those who question policy, socialise solutions, or expect security to justify itself as a critical part of their productive work. This demonstrates that security champions cannot be uniform across the organisation, but rather that organisations should re-think the role of security champions as diverse ‘bottom-up’ agents to change policy for the better, rather than communicators of existing ‘top-down’ policies.
Who's My Daddy? Considerations for the influence of sexual selection on multiple paternity in elasmobranch mating systems

Abstract Polyandry resulting in multiply‐sired litters has been documented in the majority of elasmobranch species examined to date. Although commonly observed, reasons for this mating system remain relatively obscure, especially in batoids. The round stingray (Urobatis halleri) is an abundant, well‐studied elasmobranch distributed throughout the northeastern Pacific that we used to explore hypotheses regarding multiple paternity in elasmobranchs. Twenty mid‐ to late‐term pregnant females were sampled off the coast of southern California and their litters analyzed for the occurrence of multiple paternity using five nuclear microsatellite loci. In addition, embryo sizes and their position within the female reproductive system (i.e., right or left uterus) were recorded and used to make inferences for patterns of ovulation. Multiple paternity was observed in 90% of litters and male reproductive success within litters was relatively even among sires. High variability in testes mass was observed suggesting that sperm competition is high in this species, although male reproductive success per litter appeared to be relatively even. Using embryo size as a proxy for fertilization, females were found to exhibit a variety of ovulation patterns that could function to limit a male's access to eggs and possibly promote high rates of multiple paternity. Our study highlights that elasmobranch mating systems may be more varied and complex than presumed and further investigation is warranted.
Microbes Enriched in Seawater after Addition of Coral Mucus

ABSTRACT We investigated which microbial taxa in coastal Red Sea water were stimulated by addition of mucus from the coral Fungia sp. Decreases in the concentration and C/N ratio of particulate organic material during short-term incubations (50 h) were paralleled by a steep rise in the number of Gammaproteobacteria, particularly Alteromonadaceae, followed by Vibrionaceae. Two almost identical genotypes affiliated with Alteromonas macleodii accounted for up to >85% of all Alteromonadaceae (45% of the total cells) in the mucus-amended enrichments but were rare in unamended control incubations and in ambient seawater. A. macleodii-like bacteria might thus be important in the transfer of organic carbon from coral mucus to the pelagic microbial food webs of coral reefs.
A Generalization of the Scattering Transformation for Conic Systems

A generalized version of the scattering transformation is introduced which allows for rendering of the input-output characteristics of a nonlinear conic system into an arbitrary prescribed conic sector. The transformation is consequently applied to the problem of stabilization of conic systems interconnections. The stability is achieved by rendering the input-output characteristics of the subsystems into complementary cones such that the graph separation stability condition is satisfied. In the presence of communication delays, the scattering-based technique for stabilization of feedback interconnections is generalized to the case of arbitrary conic subsystems.
Detection of Rogue Access Point to Prevent Evil Twin Attack in Wireless Network

- From last few years open wireless network commonly available in cafe shop, shopping malls, multiplexes restaurants and other public places to provide free internet service. This open accessible wireless network is vulnerable to different types of threats like eavesdropping, man in the middle attack, evil twin attack, etc. In this paper we consider the problem of open Wi-Fi which is susceptible to Evil Twin Attack created using Rogue Access Point. Evil twin attack is phishing scam in wireless network. Attacker creates rogue access point by spoofing the parameters of legitimate access point to steal confidential information of client and for other malicious activity. We proposed solution to detect Evil Twin Attack dependent on different MAC address and same MAC address as well as same external IP addresses and different external IP address of Access points. Our detection method doesn’t rely on network administrator’s action. It can easily detect evil twin access point and warns client to disconnect from evil twin access point or alert about existence of evil twin access point if available in wireless network.