Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Academic Factors and Graduate Employability in Nigeria

The main purpose of this study was to investigate the influence of academic<br>factors on graduate employability in Nigeria, a case study of Calabar, Cross River State. To<br>achieve this objective, two null hypotheses were formulated to guide the study. The ex-post<br>facto research design was adopted for the study. An accidental sampling technique was used<br>in the selection of the samples. A total of 150 respondents were used for the study. The major<br>instrument for data collection was a four-point Likert scale questionnaire titled Academic<br>Factors and Graduate Employability Questionnaire (AFGEQ). It was designed by the<br>researcher with the aid of five research experts to establish its validity and reliability. The<br>split-half method of reliability was used to test the reliability. Pearson product moment<br>correlation coefficient and Spearman Brown Prophesy Formula coefficient derived after<br>correlating the outcomes were 0.789 and . 882 respectively. Data collected was subjected to<br>statistical test at 0.05 level of significance. The hypotheses were analysed using one-way<br>analysis of variance (ANOVA). The result of the analyses showed that academic discipline<br>significantly influences graduate employability while academic achievement does not<br>significantly influence graduate employability. Based on these findings, it was recommended<br>among others, that the curriculum should reformed and made universal to provide students of<br>higher institutions with the requirements of contemporary labour market. It was also<br>recommended that there should be a de-emphasis on certificate education in place of skilloriented<br>training.
Subjective Variables of Financial Well-being and Individual Economic Behavior: Pre-and Post Financial Literacy Intervention

Financial wellbeing is usually objectively measured and also views as a subjective concept that refers to "How people feel or evaluate themselves related to money matters". Personal economic well-being is a multifaceted subjective concept that includes subjective variables of Financial Well-being like financial satisfaction, financial behaviour, attitude, and perceptions of Individual related to financial decisions. In this multi-disciplinary experimental research, the paper focused on two objectives: 1) to study the relationship between subjective variables of Financial wellbeing and 2) on observing variation in the subjective variables of Financial wellbeing in both situations of Pre-and Post-Financial Literacy intervention. The sample of the study consists of 308 working people as respondents in tri-city Chandigarh. The questionnaire covers subjective variables of Financial-wellbeing, i.e., 1) Individual Economic Behaviour, 2) Financial-Awareness, 3) Financial Perception, 4) Financial-Attitude, and 5) Socio-economic-demographic characteristics of respondents. The study reveals that: 1) a significant relationship between other subjective variables of Financial-wellbeing and Individual Economic Behaviour among, 2) a significant relationship exists between Individual Economic Behaviour and socio-economic demographic variables, i.e., Income and employment level, 3) The paired t-test reveals that a substantial improvement in subjective variables of Financial-wellbeing and Individual Economic Behaviour in Post Financial Literacy Intervention situation among working people in tri-city Chandigarh in Pre- and Post- Financial Literacy Intervention. Thus, Financial Literacy has a positive impact on Economic Behaviour and subjective variables of Financial-wellbeing among Individuals.
Accounting Restatements: Are They Always Bad News for Investors?

This study investigates a large sample of financial statement restatements over the period 1986-2001, and compares restatements caused by changes in accounting principles to those caused by errors. Typically, investors perceive restatements as negative signals due to three potential reasons: (i) the restatement indicates problems with the accounting system that may be manifestations of broader operational (and managerial) problems, (ii) the restatement causes downward revisions in future cash flows expectations, and (iii) the restatement indicates managerial attempts to cover up income decline through cooking the books. We provide evidence that market reactions to restatements due to errors are generally negative. We show that these restatements come in periods of declining profits and lower profits than industry peers for the restating firms, consistent with both opportunistic managerial behavior and operational problems. However, investors' reactions to income-increasing restatements due to errors are not different from zero, suggesting that the perceived failure of the accounting system is just offset by the upward revisions in future cash flow expectations in these cases of income-increasing errors. Thus, our combined results show that not all restatements are alike; users of the information need to carefully assess the existence and potential effects of the three factors that typically cause the downward revisions in stock prices on a case by case basis.
Asymmetric Volatility and Performance of Indian Equity Market- Comparison of SENSEX and S&P CNX Nifty

Stock market volatility has its existence from the long time but its complete eradication is not possible, the only thing which can be done is just to know its behavior and pattern that how it behaves. The present study is aimed to understand the nature and different patterns of volatility in Indian equity market. The daily observations comprising of closing data of SENSEX of Bombay Stock Exchange and S&amp;P CNX Nifty of National Stock Exchange for the period of 10 years i.e. from January 2003 to December 2012 is used for analysis. The data was collected from the websites www.bseindia. com and www.nseindia. com. The present study is attempted to examine the volatility of returns in Indian stock market. GARCH models were used to see the volatility of Indian equity market. It was found that there was spillover of information in the Indian stock market and with the significant coefficient of dummy in improved model. It was concluded that negative shocks do have greater impact on conditional volatility compared to positive shocks of the same magnitude in the Indian stock market.
Local Heterogeneity of Monetary Policy

In this article, I will investigate the role of regional heterogeneity of monetary policy. This will be investigated through state-level data while modeling the Federal Reserve as a common central bank for each state in a Bayesian global vector autoregressive model with stochastic volatility. Specifying the Federal Reserve as a common central bank will allow for examining cross-state asymmetries through a joint monetary policy shock to all states simultaneously.
Evaluation of Functioning Characteristics and Ethical Leadership Quality of Independence Directors – An Investors’ Perspectives

This aim of the study corporate governance is a structure used to manage and direct the affairs of the corporate company in order to enhance its business prosperity and accountability with objective of achieving long term shareholder value in addition to taking the interests of other stakeholders into account. The purpose of the study to critically examine the mode of appointment of independent directors to boards under the companies Act 2013 and study the board culture. The main objectives of the study evaluate the functioning characteristics of independent directors by the socioeconomic characteristics of corporate stakeholders of public limited companies in Mumbai, Andheri region, ethical leadership quality of the independent investor’s perception of the public limited companies. The present study comprises of both primary and secondary data. The Primary data is collected by conducting questionnaire based survey among the population of corporate investors of Public Limited Company in Andheri Region of Mumbai. The snowball sampling technique is used to select the sample respondents from the investor’s population. The size of investors sample is fixed at 400. The statistical tools were used analyses percentage analysis, Correlation and ANNOVA. The concluded of the study the investors, it was understood that the independent directors were better in understanding of their role &amp; responsibilities, worked well with others, possessed required business / industry knowledge, made available themselves when need, attended the board meetings regularly, devoted time to oversee company affairs, always alert and inquisitive, never hesitated to ask hard questions in board meeting, challenged management assumptions and had clear understanding of role &amp; responsibilities of the board.
Efficient Market Hypothesis Empirical Test to Debunk the Weak Form Using Selected Stocks

Myths associated with the Efficient Market Hypothesis (EMH) do not necessarily reflect the reality in the performance of investments on the market. Several myths are associated with the EMH which ought to be tested empirically using various mathematical methods and models. There are other competitive concepts which contradict established theories associated with the EMH. This project was informed by keen interest in the performance of investors on the market and how their very actions affect the performance of the entire market amidst changes in securities information. With this, the project seeks to establish various myths associated with the EMH, debunk same and establish facts to add up to existing literature in addressing the competition on the market and how changes in information affect investors as well as their reactions.
Incentives for Conformity and Anticonformity

We study how social evaluation affects conformity and anticonformity in theory and in an experiment. In theory, we show that negative social evaluation, i.e., potential punishment, creates incentives for conformity. Positive social evaluation, i.e., potential reward, creates incentives for anticonformity. In a laboratory experiment, we investigate the effect of these incentives in three domains: judgments in the knowledge domain, subjective arts preferences, and decisions in a creativity-related task. We rely on a new design in which we compare choices under social influence with predictions based on choices without social influence using transitivity. The experimental results confirm the theoretical predictions.
On ESG Investing: Heterogeneous Preferences, Information, and Asset Prices

We study how environmental, social and governance (ESG) investing reshapes information aggregation and price formation. We develop a rational expectations equilibrium model in which traditional and green investors are informed about monetary and non-monetary risks but have distinct preferences over them. Because of the preference heterogeneity, traditional and green investors trade in opposite directions based on the same information and make the price noisier to each other. We show that an increase in the share of green investors and an improvement in the quality of non-monetary information can reduce overall price informativeness and increase firm's cost of capital. Our analyses provide a rich set of testable implications.
Information Overload Effects in Sequential Information Acquisition for Investment Decision-Making

This paper experimentally investigates structured investment decision-making with sequential information provision. Subjects were asked to rank investment alternatives using a scoring model. A mixed design with information provision as the within-subject variable and initial information load as the between-subjects variable was employed. A computer-based process tracing technology provided insights into the underlying information acquisition process – information cues were covered by boxes for the second step of the decision. Moving the cursor over a box uncovered the information. Duration and frequency of uncovering the different information cues was recorded in a database. The main variables of interest were decision accuracy, decision confidence, and measures characterizing the information acquisition process. The main findings were the following: the amount of information provided in the first step significantly impacted decision accuracy and decision confidence, which decreased for the high initial information load group. In addition, receiving a high number of information cues in the first step led to a reduction in the attention devoted to the information received in the second step. Confirmatory information search behavior could not be observed. Findings help further our understanding on how the amount and timing of information provision impact decision quality and confidence.
Applying the Free Cash Flow to Equity Valuation Model in Coca-Cola Hellenic

In this paper, I present the process of applying the Free Cash Flow to Equity valuation model in Coca -Cola Hellenic Bottling Company S.A. in order to determine the value of its stock. The value of the firm’s stock is calculated by forecasting Free Cash Flow to Equity and discounting this cash flow back to the present at the appropriate required cost of equity. In addition to computing free cash flow to equity, this paper will show you how to calculate the expected growth rate pattern and the cost of equity. To achieve this, the Free Cash Flow to Equity was calculated from 2009 to 2011 based on a sum-of-the-parts approach that values the three main geographic businesses of the company separately: Western Europe and both Eastern Europe and West Africa. Additionally, an anticipated growth rate was used to estimate the future value of Free Cash Flow to Equity in three years. Also, the present value of this flow in the appropriate growth pattern was forecast regarding yield discount rate which was demanded the stock of Coca-Cola Hellenic from the year 2012 to 2014. Finally, the intrinsic value of Coca-Cola Hellenic will be calculated using the sum of 3 anticipated Free Cash Flow to Equity plus the end value of the company at t=3. Dividing the total value of equity by the number of outstanding shares gives the value of its stock.
Engagement by Design

We study the impact and interplay of social design features on the engagement behaviors toward user-generated content on Facebook business pages. By examining the introduction of the “Reactions” feature on Facebook, we aim to understand how the introduction of a new engagement feature affects the overall engagement activities and the use of existing engagement features. We found evidence of a positive effect of Reactions on overall engagement levels. Furthermore, the introduction of the Reactions feature had heterogeneous effects on the use of existing engagement features. Posts that received Reactions also ended up receiving more Likes and Comments than what they would have received before the feature change. However, the opposite is true for posts that received no Reactions, although the effect sizes were small. These effects were detected within the first four weeks after the feature introduction, and persisted after six months, indicating long-term structural changes in users’ engagement behaviors.
Employment and Productivity Relationships in the Manufacturing Industries of India Vis-à-Vis Select Developed Nations

After the World War II, the global economy has experienced unprecedented dimensions of industrial growth leading to a highly developed and diversified manufacturing industrial activity across these nations. These developments in the manufacturing sector over the last few decades have been quite phenomenal and have resulted in economic growth impelled by import substitution, export promotion, and acquisition of modern technological capabilities. However, all these developments have been over shadowed by a general failure of the industrial sector in generating adequate employment to absorb the increasing number of work force. In the developed nations, the proportion of labor engaged in the industrial sector has increased considerably, but periodically has been haunted by the problem of unemployment. In the developing nations also, the share of manufacturing employment in the aggregate employment has increased steadily. But, the growth rates over the years have not been sufficient enough to achieve a breakthrough in the structural patterns of employment. In this study, an attempt is made to comprehensively analyze the determinants of demand for labor in the manufacturing industries at three digit level dis-aggregation for India in comparison with select developed nations during 1985-1986 to 2009-2010.
Cointegration Analysis of Selected Currency Pairs Traded in Indian Foreign Exchange Market

The main purpose of this research paper is to explore and understand the nature of association and the possible existence of a short run and long run relationship between US Dollar, EURO, British Pound and Japanese Yen. To find out the relationship among currencies USD/INR, EUR/INR, GBP/INR and JPY/INR pairs are considered. The main idea is to know how these selected indicators are related to each other. The daily basis 2781 observations for all four variables from year 2007 to 2018 are taken into consideration. Data are collected from website of Reserve Bank of India. The stationarity of time series is checked and differentiated as per requirement. Johansen co-integration test to know the long run relationship between variables is used. The result shows that there is no co-integration equation among the variables. The short run relationship is examined with help of Vector Auto-regression (VAR) model and the short run relationship within different lags of variables has been identified. The correlation among variables has been examined with help of correlation matrix and Granger cause test is also used to understand the causal effect.
Los estudios CTS: un enfoque pragmatista (STS Studies: A Pragamatist Approach)

<b>Spanish Abstract:</b> La filosofía política de John Dewey es presentada como una reflexión de segundo orden requerida en el campo de estudios CTS. Estos estudios empíricos, vistos desde el pragmatismo, abogan por la conveniencia de desarrollar una filosofía política de la ciencia y la tecnología. Se argumenta en favor de una perspectiva pragmatista para lidiar de manera relevante con los problemas propios de ese campo de estudios. <br><br><b>English Abstract:</b> John Dewey’s political philosophy is featured here as the second order reflection needed in the field of CTS studies. These empirical investigations, when approached from a pragmatist point of view, plead for the suitability of developing a political philosophy of science and technology. It is argued in favor of a pragmatist approach in order to deal relevantly with problems in that field of research.
Social-Ecological Intertwinedness: An Attempt at a Clarification

In social-ecological systems (SES) research the conceptualization of social-ecological interactions has advanced from viewing SES as separate social and ecological systems where one system acts as an exogenous “driver” on the other, to conceptualizing them as coupled or linked ecological and social systems (Berkes and Folke 1998), as embedded systems (Folke 2016, Folke et al 2016), towards acknowledging that the social and the ecological are deeply intertwined (Folke et al. 2016). Below we present these different conceptualizations and provide our own interpretation/understanding of intertwinedness in terms of intra-active processes and relations (Barad 2007, 2012). We end by discussing some implications of this understanding of intertwinedness for the study of SES.
Investigation Into Machine Learning Models for Predicting Stock Price and Spread Movements From News Articles

We explore several ways of using news articles and financial data to train neural network machine learning models to predict shock events in high-frequency market data, and aggregated shock episodes. We investigate the use of price movements in this context, and separately at a daily interval as well. We describe in detail how training sets are created from our data sources and how our machine learning models are trained. We find that pairing company-related news text with events or movements in financial time series proves less straight-forward than the literature would indicate. We discuss possible reasons for negative results, especially relating to the combination of minute-level news and millisecond-level market data.
Reputation Shifting

The study of reputation has often focused on such relatively narrow areas as creation of good reputations rather than developed systematic theoretical approaches to understanding the means by which reputations are modified, or shifted, and the factors affecting such shifts. This paper introduces the concept of reputation shifting, with an explicit theory that relates reputational endowments, content characters, audience characters, and opportunity/change factors to reputational stickiness. It also identifies five reputational actions (discard, conceal, redefine, transfer, create), and the strategies that can be taken to manage reputations.
Switch of Surface Adhesion to Cohesion by Dopa-Fe3+ Complexation, in Response to Microenvironment at the Mussel Plaque/Substrate Interface

Although Dopa-Fe3+ complexation is known to play an important role in mussel adhesion for providing mechanical properties, its function at the plaque/substrate interface, where actual surface adhesion occurs, remains unknown, with regard to interfacial mussel adhesive proteins (MAPs) type 3 fast variant (fp-3F) and type 5 (fp-5). Here, we confirmed Dopa-Fe3+ complexation of interfacial MAPs and investigated the effects of Dopa-Fe3+ complexation regarding both surface adhesion and cohesion. The force measurements using surface forces apparatus (SFA) analysis showed that intrinsic strong surface adhesion at low pH, which is similar to the local acidified environment present during the secretion of adhesive proteins, vanishes by Dopa-Fe3+ complexation and alternatively, strong cohesion is generated in higher pH conditions similar to seawater. A high Dopa content increased the capacity for both surface adhesion and cohesion, but not at the same time. In contrast, a lack of Dopa resulted in both weak surface a.
Literature Review on Primary Organizational Recruitment Sources

The process of recruitment is a primary method of people absorption function in any organization. Various companies small and big, strategize and adopt various tactics in choosing the right source of recruitment or hiring quality professionals on to their workforce. Therefore, this research aims to investigate or enquire the various research literature published on various main recruitment methods implemented in company's recruitment process or function. In this paper, the resultant outcomes based on last 20 years literature investigation are discussed in detail through a systematic review. Accordingly, the relevant resultant outcomes post the literature investigation is published by making suggestions for sustenance in the industry.
Factors Influencing Investment Decisions of Individual Investors Working in Hazara Division Industrial Zone

Behavioral finance examines psychological and sociological factors that affect decisions when individuals making investment decisions. Investors carry out investment analysis used to examine assets, trends in the market, and past market data. Investors' judgment is linked with decision choices. It is commonly used to analyze information and know-how about business, minimize risk, and their outcome. The current study objects to investigate the impact of different factors like accounting information, self/firm image, advocate recommendations, personal financial needs, and neutral Information on investment decisions. The population of the study consists of all levels of individual investors who have been investing and wanted to invest in selected industries of the Hazara Division. The study was conducted on the 300 investors out of 169 investors that constituted the sample size. The current research found that there is a positive and significant impact of these factors on investment decisions.