Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Role of Higher Authorities (HED and HOIs) in Uplifting of Female’s Sports at College Level

This study was designed to investigate the Higher Authorities (HED & HOIs) role with reference to the promotion of sport among female students at college level Punjab, Pakistan. The HOIs and PETs of the Government girls’ colleges in the province of Punjab was treated as population. Two type of self-develop questionnaires was used for data collection. One for HOIs and 2nd for Physical Education Teachers (PETs). The HOIs provided data about the provision of financial aid and professional development programs) by HED and PETs provided the information regarding the role of HOIs in providing basic sports facilities to the players. The cluster sample random sampling technique was used for the selection of representative sample size from the whole population. The total 160 sample was selected in which 80 were HOIs and 80 were PETs. Chi-Square and One sample t-test were applied as statistical tool to analyzed the collected data. after the application of analyses, it was pointed out that Higher Education Department (HED) provide enough financial aid to Girls Degree colleges for female sports promotion. However, with reference to the role of HOIs, it was found ineffective and unsatisfactory in connection with providing of basic facilities ( sports equipment, coaching,nutritional support, psychological training, conducting of sports & intramural classes etc) to students.
Clinical usefulness of pentraxin 3 (PTX3) as a biomarker of acute pancreatitis and pancreatic cancer

Introduction: Increased concentrations of pentraxin 3 (PTX 3) were diagnosed in acute pancreatitis (AP) and in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC). Aim of the research: To assess of the clinical usefulness of PTX3 in the early differentiation of AP from PDAC. Material and methods: The test group consisted of 125 patients with AP and 24 people with PDAC, as well as 52 healthy sub- jects. The following concentrations were tested in plasma: PTX3, C-reactive protein (CRP), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and CA-19.9. Results: The mean PTX3 concentration in the moderately-severe AP (MAP) or severe AP (SAP) equalled 16.53 ng/ml and was significantly higher in comparison with mild AP (9.60 ng/ml; p = 0.0007) and the control group (2.31 ng/ml). In the case of patients with PDAC, the mean concentration of PTX3 was 9.20 ng/ml and was significantly higher than in the control group (2.31 ng/ml); p < 0.0001. A significantly higher average CRP value of 100.37 mg/l and IL-6 91.65 pg/ml was also found in patients with PDAC compared to the control group ( p < 0.0001). Tested pro-inflammatory cytokines were significantly higher in patients with MAP or SAP than in those with PDAC ( p < 0.05). The ROC curve confirms the clear connection of PTX3 level and PDAC in comparison with the control group ( p = 0.0001), relatively low sensitivity, and high specificity. However, the results were not significant enough to allow us to differentiate cancer from AP ( p > 0.05). Conclusions: Pentraxin 3 can be a marker in the prediction of the severe course of AP, but its clinical usefulness for the dif- ferentiation of PDAC was not confirmed.
Leaching and Mass Balance of 15N‐Labeled Urea Applied to a Kentucky Bluegrass Turf

The fate of urea applied to Kentucky bluegrass (Poa pratensis L.) turf was studied over a 2-yr period using a combination of intact monolith lysimeters and small plots. Soil type was a Marlette fine sandy loam (fine-loamy, mixed mesic Glossoboric Hapludalfs). Urea was applied at a rate of 196 kg N ha -1 yr -1 in five equal applications of 39.2 kg N ha -1 using two application schedules. Treatments were fertilized at approximately 38-d intervals with the Spring treatment fertilized from late April through late September and the Fall treatment from early June through early November. In 1991 only, the April and November applications used 15 N-labeled urea (LFN). For the Spring treatment, 31% of LFN was recovered from thatch at 18 DAT. This value remained constant for the next year, then gradually declined to 20% after 2 yr. Only 8% of the LFN was recovered from soil at 18 DAT and increased to only 20% 2 yr after application. Approximately 35% of the LFN was harvested in clippings over 2 yr. Through May 1993 (748 DAT), LFN in leachate totaled 0.18% of the amount applied. For the Fall treatment, 62% of the LFN was recovered from thatch at 18 DAT. This value declined to 35% by the following June. LFN in soil increased from 12% to 25% over 2 yr. Approximately 38% of the LFN was harvested in clippings over 2 yr. Total leachate LFN recovery was 0.23% over the 2-yr period. Total recovery of LFN was 64 and 81% for the Spring and Fall treatments, respectively, suggesting volatile losses of N. Whether the N was applied in the spring or late fall, rapid uptake and immobilization of the LFN resulted. A maximum of 25% of applied LFN was recovered in the soil from either application timing at any time over the 2 yr of the experiment. A well-maintained turf intercepts and immobilizes LFN quickly making leaching an unlikely avenue of N loss from a turf system.
Selective Susceptibility of Human Bladder Transitional Cell Carcinoma T24 Cells towards NBD Peptide

Bladder cancer is a recurrent disease that often develops chemoresistance and is on the rise in developing countries. After diagnosis surgery followed by immunotherapy and/or chemo- radiation therapy are the available treatments. These treatments do not provide protection against disease progression or recurrence thus highlighting the need to identify and develop drugs that are capable of inhibiting bladder cancer. T24 cell line (human bladder transitional cell carcinoma) was treated with NEMO Binding Domain (NBD) peptide and tested for its cytotoxicity, cell cycle inhibition, apoptosis and migration, in vitro. The cytotoxicity of NBD peptide was tested on non-cancerous cells (NIH-3T3-L1, CHO, Vero) and the peptide localization in T24 cells was confirmed using confocal microscopy. The effects of NBD peptide and the standard drugs (cisplatin, gemcitabine) were compared with untreated control. Peptide based chemotherapy for human bladder cells was tested that include combinations of NBD and standard drugs. Statistical significance was assessed between the different treatment groups. The viability of T24 cells after NBD peptide treatment was reduced to 50% at a dose of 18.5 µM after 48 h. The NBD peptide elicited selective cytotoxicity dose-dependently in T24 cells while being non-toxic on normal (non-cancer) cell lines. Sub G0-G1 accumulation of T24 cells was seen where they underwent necrosis and lost the ability to migrate when treated with 100 µM NBD. T24 cell death increased to ~78% when treated with a combination of NBD with cisplatin and gemcitabine (standard drugs) as opposed to ~50% when treated with NBD peptide alone. NBD peptide exhibits specific anti-cancer activity on T24 cells in vitro and found to be non-cytotoxic to select normal cell lines. Combining NBD with standard drugs demonstrated excellent inhibition of malignant growth than the individual anti-neoplastic agents.
Effect of Interleukin 1β on the HPA Axis in H1-Receptor Knockout Mice

Objectives and Methods: Circulating cytokines such as interleukin-1 (IL-1), and tumor necrosis factor-alpha as well as lipopolysaccharide (LPS) are potent ACTH secretagogues, acting via stimulation of corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH) and vasopressinergic neurons in the paraventricular nucleus of the hypothalamus (PVN). Histamine (HA) has been shown to stimulate ACTH secretion in rats, an effect in part mediated by CRH and arginine vasopressin (AVP). We have previously shown that inhibition of neuronal HA synthesis or central blockade of H1 receptors (H1R) decreased the ACTH response to LPS in male rats. To further elucidate the role of neuronal HA in cytokine-induced activation of the HPA axis, we compared the effect of H1R knockout on IL-1β-induced ACTH secretion in adult male mice. Results: In H1R knockout mice, ACTH secretion increased from basal levels of 261 to 492 pmol/l in response to IL-1β whereas the cytokine-induced ACTH secretion increased from 140 to 406 pmol/l in wild-type mice. Plasma corticosterone (CORT) rose from basal levels of 99 to 831 nmol/l in knockout mice upon IL-1β stimulation, whereas in wild-type mice CORT levels rose from 112 to 841 nmol/l. There was no significant difference in IL-1β-stimulated plasma ACTH or CORT levels between wild-type and knockout mice. Furthermore, there was no significant difference in basal or IL-1β-stimulated hypothalamic levels of histamine and tele-methyl-histamine between wild-type and knockout mice. HDC gene expression was significantly lower in knockout mice than in wild-type mice both under basal and IL-1β-stimulated conditions, while there were no significant differences in CRH gene expression in the PVN in knockout mice under basal and IL-1β-stimulated conditions. Increased basal expression of AVP in the PVN of knockout mice was observed in this study compared to wild-type mice. Conclusion: We conclude that the lack of the gene for histamine H1R does not seem to be crucial for the ACTH and CORT response to IL-1β, either due to possible functional compensation in the H1R knockout mouse or due to activation of pathways other than the neuronal histaminergic system.
ESMA’s Mission to Integrate ESG Risks and Factors into UCITS and AIFMD: Value Added or Additional Administrative Burden

Environmental, social, and governance (ESG) factors are getting more and more important for the fund industry, not only for the management companies of the funds but also especially for the investors who become more sensitive to these kinds of aspects. This increasing importance has also been recognized by the European Commission, which officially mandated on July 24, 2018, the European Securities and Markets Authority to provide technical advice on how sustainability risks and factors should be integrated in European regulation. This article examines which approach the European Securities and Markets Authority suggests in order to integrate sustainability risks and factors in the Undertakings for Collective Investment in Transferable Securities (UCITS) Directive and the Alternative Investment Fund Managers Directive and how this is seen by the market, as burden or value added, and therefore will be in the interest of UCITS management companies, self-managed UCITS investment companies, Alternative Investment Fund Managers, and their associations and for investors in these products. TOPICS: ESG investing, portfolio construction, portfolio theory Key Findings • ESG factors are getting more important for market players, and there are still a lot of challenges ahead. • ESMA’s initiative was well received from the market and helps to close the gap. • Market participants mainly don’t see this initiative as administrative burden but more a value added.
Hand Grappling Blue Catfish in the Main Channel of a Mississippi River

Abstract Blue catfish Ictalurus furcatus were hand grappled, primarily by using scuba gear, from 30.5-cm-square × 122-cm-long wood boxes, May through July 1990–1993 in the Tallahatchie River, a principal tributary of the Yazoo River in Mississippi. During January through August 1990–1994, blue catfish also were collected with hoop nets (4.3 m long, having seven hoops with 1.07 m diameters and 3.81-cm-bar-mesh netting), which are standard gear for riverine fish stock assessments in Mississippi. During the study, 638 grabs yielded 29 blue catfish, and 638 overnight hoop-net sets yielded 71 blue catfish. Hand grappling caught larger blue catfish than did hoop netting. Mean total lengths (TL) of blue catfish captured by hand grappling and hoop netting were 77.3 em (SE, 2.1 cm) and 48.3 cm (SE, 0.8 cm), respectively. There were also differences in length-frequency distributions between methods, which confirmed hand-grappling selectivity for larger blue catfish. Overall. the hand-grappling catch rate for the en.
The effect of silica aerogel on the mortality of Tribolium confusum (Duval) as a function of exposure time and food deprivation

The results of a series of tests on the efficacy of a silica aerogel, Aerosil 380, are presented. A graded response in mortality of Tribolium confusum was noted with varying exposure time (i.e., 1, 2, 3, or 5 h) to the dust. Exposure to the dust and deprivation of food accelerated the initiation of mortality and altered the shape of the cumulative mortality curves. Although some other types of insecticidal action by inert dusts (e.g., abrasion) not noted in our experiments, where adsorptivity was considered as the main mode of action, may lead to subsequent desiccation of insects and produce the type of data we have obtained, we do not believe that these mechanisms (adsorptivity, abrasion) are the sole (or major) mechanisms leading to mortality. Therefore, the fundamental question whether the insects die because of desiccation (weight loss) or whether desiccation accompanies the process of dying, remains open to further investigation.
Spatial and temporal dispersion patterns of golden perch, Macquaria ambigua, larvae in an artificial floodplain environment

Golden perch larvae were stocked into a pond and inundated floodplain system in south-eastem Australia to determine movement patterns of the larvae onto and off the floodplain area. A total of 428 larvae were caught moving from the floodplain into the pond whereas only 18 were collected moving in the reverse direction. Thirty one larvae were caught at open water sites in the pond and floodplain, but only three were collected from sites on the floodplain which provided shade, timber or water flow. Transect samples from the pond also yielded more larvae than samples from floodplain transects, indicating a distinct spatial dispersion pattern in favour of the pond. Spatial dispersion patterns of golden perch larvae appear to correspond with gradients in water quality between the pond and floodplain habitats. Stratification occurred in the pond but did not develop on the floodplain. Water on the floodplain was cooler, harder and contained less oxygen than surface water from the pond. Die1 oscillations occurred in water temperature, pH, dissolved oxygen, carbon dioxide and acidity, but there was no significant corresponding pattern in the distribution of larvae. Dispersion of golden perch larvae between pond and floodplain habitats is not random, and may be actively influenced by local-scale variations in water quality.
Creating and Supporting a Harassment- and Assault-Free Field School

ABSTRACT Given the hierarchical nature and structure of field schools, enrolled students are particularly susceptible to harassment and assault. In 2018, the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine (NASEM) released recommendations to help prevent sexual harassment and assault of women in academia. Although these recommendations are specific to higher education and exclusive to women, some can be modified and applied to the context of archaeological field schools. We review the NASEM's recommendations, with particular attention to those applicable to the field school setting, and provide suggestions for making field schools safer and more inclusive learning environments for all students. Although we present recommendations for practices that can be implemented at field schools, additional research is needed to understand how sexual harassment occurs at field schools and how the implementation of these recommendations can make learning safer.
Behind influencer marketing: key marketing decisions and their effects on followers’ responses

ABSTRACT Influencer marketing actions are mostly carried out on social platforms, e.g., Facebook, Instagram and Twitter. However, despite its increasing use, studies on this subject are still scarce. In this research, we focus on four essential factors related to an influencer marketing programme, analyzed in two separate experimental studies for theoretical reasons and methodological operability: brand control over the shared message and its commercial orientation; and, the celebrity level of the influencer and his/her congruence with the product/service they comment on in the post. We are also interested in the effects of these factors on a set of key responses by the follower with regard to the elements that form part of an influencer marketing action: the influencer, the post, and the product/service.
Transcription factor genes with expression correlated to nitrate-related root plasticity of Arabidopsis thaliana

The root response to changes in nitrogen availability was examined in Arabidopsis thaliana . Plants grown on vertically oriented Petri plates with nutrient media containing either 10 or 0.5 m M KNO 3 supplemented with 5 m M glutamine were analysed for changes in root architecture, morphology and nitrogen status compared to plants grown on 0.5 m M KNO 3 . Fourteen-day-old 10 m M KNO 3 -grown plants displayed a decrease in number, length and density of lateral roots, had the highest tissue NO 3 ‐ content, but no change in amino acid composition. Lateral root development was arrested at a stage after the initiation of primordia but prior to emergence. In contrast, plants grown on 0.5 m M KNO 3 supplemented with glutamine had a slightly higher number and density of lateral root primordia and lateral roots, lower root NO 3 ‐ content, and higher tissue glutamine content. A macro-array containing 126 putative A. thaliana transcriptional factor expressed sequence tags was used to screen for regulatory genes with expression correlated to the root plasticity response. Genes for a basic leucine zipper (bZIP) and a LIM transcription factor were identified and via Northern analysis it was confirmed that their expression is preferentially observed in the roots and correlated to the root response to nitrate availability.
Sex pheromone of the rice leaffolder moth, Cnaphalocrocis medinalis (Lepidoptera: Crambidae): Synthetic Indian and Philippine blends are not attractive to male C. medinalis, but are attractive to C. pilosa in the South-Western islands in Japan

Field bioassays with 3 different types of synthetic pheromone blends (Japanese, Indian and Philippine blends) based on geographic variation in the sex pheromones in Cnaphalocrocis medinalis were performed in 1998 and 1999 in the South-Western Islands of Japan. Only the Japanese blend attracted C. medinalis males, while neither the Indian nor the Philippine blend showed attractiveness, as in the Japan mainland. However, both the Philippine and the Indian blends attracted males of a different species, C. pilosa, which is closely related to C. medinalis. Geographic variation in the sex pheromones of C. medinalis as well as the relationship between C. medinalis and C. pilosa are discussed.
Botanical characterization of Maytenus senegalensis leaf an African medicinal plant

Maytenus senegalensis (Lam.) Exell (Celastraceae) is a shrub or tree, growing in the semidesertic regions of both Asia and Africa and largely used in traditional medicine [1]. The leaf is used in East Africa to treat different diseases such as inflammations, respiratory diseases and sores [2]. Triterpenes and phenol compounds were detected on the leaf and in vitro antiplasmodial, antileishmanial and antibacterial activities were reported for this part of the plant [3, 4]. Hereby we present the results of a morphologic and anatomic study conducted in order to identify useful markers for the diagnosis of this medicinal plant as an herbal drug. Used methodology includes the macroscopic and microscopic analysis of the whole, fragmentised and powdered dried leaves. The observations were performed in a minimum of 30 adult leaves. Additionally, scanning electron microscopy was used for plant material characterization. Results showed that among the most useful characters for leaf identification are the isobilateral organization of the parenchyma, with palisade parenchyma on both epidermises; the presence of calcium oxalate cluster crystals, isolated or inserted into the palisade parenchyma; and the characteristic epidermal cells with sinuous walls, a smooth cuticle and paracytic stomata more frequent in lower epidermis. Obtained results allowed the establishment of the botanical criteria essential for the M. senegalensis leaf identification and should be included in the quality control monographs of this medicinal plant. References: 1. Kokwaro, J. O. (1976) Medicinal Plants of East Africa. East African Literature Bureau. Nairobi. 2. Maytenus senegalensis (Lam.) Exell (2008) in: http://www.metafro. be/prelude 3. El Tahir, A. et al. (1999)J Ethnopharmacol 64:227–233. 4. Hussein, G. et al. (1999) Phytochemistry 50:689–694.
Nodule and Plant Development in Stylosanthes humilis H.B.K. : Symbiotic Response to Phosphorus and Sulphur

The effect of phosphorus and sulphur on the initiation and subsequent course of development of effective nodulation was determined for young seedlings of Stylosanthes humilis over the period days 1 1 to 26 from sowing. The plants were inoculated with an effective strain of Rhizobium and grown under controlled conditions in a small amount of nitrogen-deficient soil. Phosphorus had a beneficial effect on the initiation of nodules, which were first detected at day 11 in high-phosphorus plants, but not until day 14 in low. Thereafter, nodule development was greatly enhanced by phosphorus, nodule numbers, volumes and dry weights being increased. Nodule relative growth rates were stimulated from 0 . 3 g/g/day at low phosphorus levels to 0 . 7 g/g/day at high phosphorus levels over days 23-26. The nodules became pink earlier, and developed more rapidly as nitrogen-rich organs, in response to phosphorus. This suggested that from the earliest stages, phosphorus not only promoted the development of an increased mass of nodular tissue but also favoured an effective symbiosis. This enhanced nodule development led to greatly stimulated growth, with increasing amounts of total nitrogen and phosphorus in high-phosphorus plants. The assimilation of nitrogen by the whole plant was increased from 17 mg/g nodule dry weightlday at low to 53 mg/g/day with high phosphorus over days 23-26. Sulphur caused an increase in dry weight, but the response to sulphur mainly occurred late in development and was smaller than the response to phosphorus in the young seedlings of this trial.
Field records of painted apple moth (Teia anartoides Walker: Lepidoptera: Lymantriidae) on plants and inanimate objects in Auckland, New Zealand

As part of an eradication program, field searches were conducted to verify the geographical extent of the painted apple moth (PAM; Teia anartoides Walker: Lepidoptera: Lymantriidae) incursion and to determine which plants were being attacked. Most PAM were found on the wattle species, in particular Paraserianthes lophanta and Acacia mearnsii. Other species with large numbers of PAM included the native Corynocarpus laevigatus (karaka) and Avicennia marina (grey mangrove). The large number of PAM on these New Zealand species would not have been predicted from the known unrelated Australian hosts. The relatively high number of PAM found on inanimate objects demonstrated the mobility of PAM larvae and that plants upon which few larvae were found may not be suitable hosts for PAM.
Unpacking socio-emotional wealth: exploring the origins of affective endowment in founder firms

This article aims to further clarify the socio-emotional wealth (SEW) construct. By conducting a qualitative study, we examine the roots of emotional endowment and personal SEW. The results of the case study involving 13 founding firms indicate that SEW develops in the early stages of a business' life cycle. The study revealed two types of personal SEW priorities, namely achievement-related priorities and ties-related priorities. We propose that these different types of SEW priorities constitute a good predictor for explaining the transition of a founder firm into a family firm. This article contributes both to the research on SEW and on intergenerational intention by combining them in a unique way.