Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Effects of locally available fertilizing agents on the growth and yield of Zea-mays

Manure potentials of three organic fertilizers locally available in Nigeria: cow-dung, soya beans cake and ground nut cake were investigated and compared with NPK, an inorganic fertilizer. The final grain yield at 12% moisture content shows that G/nut cake has the highest yield followed by NPK, soya beans cake, cow dung and control with the least yield. It was observed that though NPK had the largest percentage of Nitrogen and potassium, it did not perform better than Ground nut cake plot. Groundnut cake and soya beans cake compete favourably with conventional NPK fertilizer. Ground nut cake has the lowest ash content (4.13%), followed by soya beans cake (5.42%), NPK (37.43%) and then cow dung (70.79%) with the highest value. Keywords: Organic fertilizer, growth, yield, low income.
DRYING TECHNOLOGIES IN FOOD PROCESSING

High hydrostatic pressure (HHP), pulsed electric fields (PEFs), ultrasound (US), and cold plasma (CP) are emerging technologies that have already found application in the food industry or related sectors. This review aims to describe the basic principles of these nonthermal technologies as well as the state of the art concerning their impact on biological cells, enzymes, and food constituents. Current and potential applications will be discussed, focusing on process-structure-function relationships, as well as recent advances in the process development.
TROPICAL FORESTS : AN EVALUATION AND SYNTHESIS OF EXISTING FIELD DATA

Information on net primary production in tropical forests is needed for the development of realistic global carbon budgets, for projecting how these ecosystems will be affected by climatic and atmospheric changes, and for evaluating eddy covariance measurements of tropical forest carbon flux. However, a review of the database commonly used to address these issues shows that it has serious flaws. In this paper we synthesize the data in the primary literature on NPP in old-growth tropical forests to produce a consistent data set on NPP for these forests. Studies in this biome have addressed only a few NPP components, all aboveground. Given the limited scope of the direct field measurements, we sought relationships in the existing data that allow estimation of unmeasured aspects of production from those that are more easily assessed. We found a predictive relationship between annual litterfall and aboveground biomass increment. For 39 diverse tropical forest sites, we then developed consistent, documented estimates of the upper and lower bounds around total NPP to serve as benchmarks for calibrating and validating biogeochemical models with respect to this biome. We developed these estimates based on existing field measurements, current understanding of aboveground consumption and biogenic volatile organic carbon emissions, and our judgment that belowground production is bounded by the range 0.2–1.2 3 ANPP (aboveground NPP). Across this broad spectrum of tropical forests (dry to wet, lowland to montane, nutrient-rich to nutrient-poor soils), our estimates of lower and upper bounds on total NPP range from 1.7 to 11.8 Mg C·ha21·yr21 (lower bounds) and from 3.1 to 21.7 Mg C·ha21·yr21 (upper bounds). We also showed that two relationships that have been used for estimating NPP (the Bray-Gorham relationship based on leaf litterfall and the Miami model based on temperature or precipitation) are not valid for the tropical forest biome.
BolVis: visualization for text-based research in philosophy

Traditional research in philosophy consists for a large part in conceptual analysis and close reading of texts. This is a precise but time-consuming approach, in which the researcher focuses on one particular text passage or one philosophical concept from one or more works of an author. In this paper, we present BolVis, a visualization tool for text-based research in philosophy. BolVis allows researchers to determine quickly which parts of a text corpus are most relevant for their research by performing a semantic similarity search on words, sentences, and passages. It supports activities such as filtering, exploring the semantic context, comparing, performing close reading on selected passages, et cetera. Our approach enables in-depth analysis of texts at a significantly greater scale than is possible by traditional means, thereby allowing researchers to gain in speed without compromising on precision. We demonstrate the usefulness of BolVis by applying it to a corpus consisting of about 11,000 pages of the writings of the Bohemian polymath Bernard Bolzano (1781--1848). Our use case addresses an open question about Bolzano's ideas concerning size equality for sets of natural numbers, and we show that the use of BolVis enabled us to find (at least a significant part of) the reason why he came to accept one-to-one correspondence as a sufficient criterion for size equality.
Influence dans Twitter. Définition et utilisation en recherche d'information

RÉSUMÉ. L’influence d’un blogueur sur Twitter véhicule une part importante de la pertinence de ses publications, elle peut donc être exploitée avantageusement en recherche d’information pour identifier les tweets pertinents. L’information sur l’influence des blogueurs est implicitement portée par la structure du réseau social de Twitter. Dans ce papier, nous exploitons cette structure pour mesurer l’influence. En particulier, nous proposons une approche adaptée de l’algorithme PageRank, pour l’analyse des liens du réseau social de rediffusion et le calcul de l’influence. Dans cette approche, l’influence du blogueur sur le réseau social est définie comme le rapport entre sa capacité à influencer d’autres blogueurs (influence imposée) et sa disposition à être influencé par d’autres blogueurs du réseau (influence subie). Nous évaluons notre score d’influence dans un contexte de RI sociale. Nous proposons alors un modèle de recherche d’information qui estime la pertinence d’un tweet comme une combinaison de sa pertinence thématique et de l’influence de son auteur. Ce modèle de recherche a été évalué sur la collection de tests TREC-Microblog 2011. Les résultats obtenus montrent tout son intérêt.
Intelligent UPS Inverter Control Design Using Microcontroller

This paper presents many control algorithms using microcontroller for an uninterruptible power supply (UPS) inverter, in order to provide pure sinusoidal wave 50 Hz, controlled by the PIC-microcontroller. The strategy is to utilize the PIC microcontroller and its special features in controlling the UPS inverter. The first approach accomplished with a classical control Proportional-Integral-Derivative (PID) algorithm. The second approach accomplished with the Fuzzy Logic Control (FLC). The third approach accomplished with nonlinear PID-fuzzy logic controller. The ability of the proposed scheme is validated via a successful implementation on a microcontroller-based UPS inverter. The proposed scheme has shown its robustness on low output voltage distortion, excellent voltage regulation, and it is insensitive to load variation, even under nonlinear loads. Experimental studies are performed to further validate the effectiveness of this scheme. This system may be used with grid-solar energy systems. Keywords: PID Controller, Fuzzy Logic Control, Nonlinear PID-Fuzzy Logic, Takagi Sugeno, Microcontroller Applications
An Assessment of Human Resource Capital and Goodwill: A Study of Selected Commercial Banks in Nigeria

﻿The study assessed the impact of human resource capital on goodwill in the Banking Sector of Nigeria, by a survey of ten (10) commercial Banks quoted in the Nigerian Stock Exchange. Data were obtained from the annual report and accounts of the selected banks under study. The relevant data were subjected to statistical analysis. The results of the study revealed that there is a positive and significance relationship between Human Resource Capital and Goodwill in the Banking Sector. It was also empirically verified that the inclusion of human resource capital value in the balance sheet of firms does help investors to make more rational investment decisions. The researchers recommended that, financial regulatory bodies such as IASB, IFRSB, FRCN, NSE, SEC, etc. should put in place polices to effect the inclusion of human resource capital value in the financial reports of Nigerian Companies.
HUMAN CAPITAL DEVELOPMENT OF COMMUNITY ENTERPRISES IN THE SUFFICIENCY ECONOMY LAND SETTLEMENTS, AGRICULTURAL REFORMED AREAS OF THAILAND

The research on Human Capital Development of Community Enterprises in the Sufficiency Economy Land Settlements, Agricultural Reformed Areas aims at: 1) studying the contexts of community enterprises in the successful and unsuccessful sufficiency economy land settlements, agricultural reformed land; 2) studying the human capital development of community enterprises in the successful and unsuccessful sufficiency economy land settlements, agricultural reformed land; 3) studying factors affecting the human capital development of community enterprises in the successful and unsuccessful sufficiency economy land settlements, agricultural reformed land; 4) studying the human capital development approach of community enterprises in the sufficiency economy land settlements, agricultural reformed land; and 5) studying factors/conditions allowing the practical implementation of human capital development of community enterprises in the sufficiency economy land settlements, agricultural reformed areas. This research was conducted on the qualitative approach relying on documents, articles, related researches, in-depth interview with key informants, and focus group. The results showed that the factors influencing the human capital development of community enterprises in the sufficiency economy land settlements may be classified into external and internal factors. The external factors included the area condition and support from government authorities and other related agencies. The internal factors included the chairpersons of community enterprises or group leaders, management system, and behavior of community enterprise members. The human capital development approach of community enterprises in the sufficiency economy land settlements, agricultural reformed areas involved the training, learning, learning network creation, knowledge management, learning forum, studying from role models or model community enterprises, and self-learning. The factors/ conditions allowing the practical implementation of human capital development approach included the analysis of community enterprise activities relevant to the area condition, promotion and support by related government authorities and other government entities, chairpersons of community enterprises/ group leaders, and behavior of community enterprise members who spent the loans relevantly to the fund’s objectives. Keywords: human capital development, community enterprise, sufficiency economy land settlement, agricultural reformed area
Entornos virtuales para el desarrollo de la educación inclusiva: Una mirada hacia el futuro desde el pasado de Second Life. Using virtual worlds for the development of inclusive education: A glance at the future from the past of Second Life.

Second Life es un entorno virtual con potencial para ser aplicado al desarrollo de la educacion inclusiva por su caracter innovador, por promover la participacion en un entorno en 3D de todos los alumnos que pueden acceder a la plataforma, por promulgar la colaboracion en red de manera virtual y por acercar a los estudiantes al tipo de comunicacion que utilizan en su tiempo de ocio y a las tecnologias que probablemente emplearan como profesionales. La utilizacion de entornos virtuales supone la proyeccion de los usuarios en avatares. La conexion entre la persona fisica y los avatares muestra la ambigua, difusa y borrosa linea que separa los mundos virtuales de la realidad. Es en este espacio en el que los docentes deben situar las actividades academicas, conectando y, simultaneamente, distinguiendo ambos mundos. Los avatares se convierten en herramientas para la empatia, para potenciar la relacion entre pares y que posibilitan actividades academicas en un entorno distinto al aula fisica. No obstante, para que estas actividades tengan lugar, es necesario que se proporcionen unas condiciones de acceso idoneas a la plataforma a los estudiantes con discapacidad, mediante una adaptacion de la interfaz y el software. De lo contrario, la tecnologia virtual tendra el efecto opuesto al propuesto: incrementara la brecha digital existente entre los alumnos con discapacidad y el resto de los estudiantes. Abstract Second Life is a virtual environment which could be used, with innovation and experimentation, for the inclusion of students with disabilities. SL promotes the participation of all the students in a 3D environment through collaboration in a virtual network, exercising the type of communication the students use in their leisure time and the technology they will probably employ in their professional career. The use of virtual environments involves the projection of users into avatars. The connection between the individuals and the avatars demonstrates the ambiguous and blurred line that separates reality and virtual worlds. It is in this space where educators must place the academic activities, connecting and simultaneously distinguishing both worlds. The avatars become tools for empathy, to enhance the relationship between peers and a medium to develop academic activities in an environment which is different from the physical classroom. Nevertheless, to develop educational activities in the metaverse, it is necessary to provide the appropriate access to the platform for students with disabilities, adapting the interface and software. Otherwise, virtual technology will increase the digital divide between students with disabilities and other students.
Contrasting responses facing peak drought in seedlings of two co-occurring oak species

Summary To evaluate leaf physiological mechanisms involved in plant tolerance to water deficit between sites of varying overstorey density, we investigated leaf water relations of two broadleaved oaks (Quercus petraea (Matt.) Liebl. and Quercus pyrenaica Willd. ) planted within a dense Scots pine stand, in a thinned adjacent area and in a nearby gap at a Mediterranean, mid-mountain field site. Leaf water parameters were estimated in established seedlings at the end of June and August over two consecutive years by measuring pressure–volume relationships with the pressure chamber technique. Plant water status was always similar in both species, and it was lower in August than June due to lower soil moisture at the end of summer. Higher light and diurnal water deficits in the gap were associated to more negative osmotic potentials. Impacts of overstorey density on some leaf water parameters depended on the species. While Q. pyrenaica showed active osmotic adjustment across sites, seedlings of Q. petraea were unable to cope with increased water deficit by osmotic adjustment in the unthinned dense area. While Q. pyrenaica showed consistent increases in the maximum bulk modulus of elasticity (emax) from June to August across sites, emax decreased in the unthinned dense area for seedlings of Q. petraea. These results could reflect distinct species strategies to cope with water deficit under the low-light conditions created by a dense overstorey. Higher leaf osmotic adjustment and bulk modulus of elasticity in Q. pyrenaica seedlings at peak summer drought might confer on them a competitive advantage during establishment in dry sub-Mediterranean understories. Opening of moderate canopy gaps in dense Scots pine stands improves some leaf mechanisms involved in drought tolerance in oak seedlings.
ICT and Socio-Economic Empowerment of Rural Women: Case of Mobile Phone in India

The concept of gender empowerment is a common concern all over the World. This issue has now acquired new dimensions with the advent of Information and Communication Technology (ICT) in development countries like India. It has potential to empower women through by overcoming their physical boundaries and access to better economic & business opportunities and education & health services. This paper aims to study the impact of mobile phone access and usage by women from rural areas who are hitherto deprived and isolated due to various social and economic reasons. In total, 200 women (100 users and 100 non-users) were interviewed in two villages in backward or poor districts of Uttar Pradesh. The women interviewees described their experiences, their access & uses of mobile phone and its impact on their lives and barriers or obstacles of accessing.
Does substrate quality influence take‐off decisions in Common Starlings?

1. An instrumented perch was used to measure the reaction forces during take-off of starlings from perches of three thicknesses. There was no significant decrease in reaction force with decreasing perch thickness; however, over the range of perch sizes there was a 10-fold decrease in safety factor and a 400-fold increase in the energy of deflection of the thinnest perch. 2. The implications of these results are that birds do not change their take-off strategy when faced with perches of variable thickness and that, as a result, leaps from thin perches are very much less efficient than those from thicker perches. Birds appear not to adjust their leaping behaviour to minimize the risk of substrate failure during take-offs.
Highly Oxygenated Guaianolides from Anthemis carpatica

Twelve new guaianolides, (1−12), six of them (2−5, 9 and 12) containing a hydroperoxy function, were isolated from the aerial parts of the flowering plant Anthemis carpatica. Their structures were elucidated by spectroscopic methods, including 2D NMR experiments.
Quantification of transient fault let-through energy within a faulted LVDC distribution network

LV direct current (LVDC) distribution systems have recently been considered as an alternative approach to electrical distribution system infrastructure as they possess the flexibility and controllability that is required to facilitate the integration of low carbon technologies (LCT). For example, energising existing LV AC cables by DC with higher voltages (>0.4kV) can potentially release additional power capacity on LV cables and reduce the associated thermal losses. However, converting existing AC cables for DC operation may change the cable performance under faulted conditions, resulting in a change to its lifetime. The nature of future LVDC systems can be capacitive due to the characteristic of particular customers such as battery energy storage systems (BESS) and electric vehicles (EVs). A short-circuit fault on the DC side may lead to a discharge/release of significant transient energy in LV cables which was never anticipated under traditional LVAC networks. This paper quantifies the transient DC fault let-through energy which can be imposed on existing AC cables used for DC operation, and draws conclusions on the potential impact of such phenomena on the cable performance. A detailed model of an LVDC test network with three-core LV cables is developed using PSCAD/EMTDC for simulation studies.
Proceedings 10th Joint ISO - ACL SIGSEM Workshop on Interoperable Semantic Annotation

Representing time-dependent factual knowledge in RDF and OWL has become increasingly important in recent times. Extending OWL relation instances or RDF triples with further temporal arguments is usually realized through new individuals that hide the range arguments of the extended relation. As a result, reasoning and querying with such representations is extremely complex, expensive, and error-prone. In this paper, we discuss several well-known approaches to this problem and present their pros and cons. Three of them are compared in more detail, both on a theoretical and on a practical level. We also present schemata for translating triple-based encodings into general tuples, and vice versa. Concerning query time, our preliminary measurements have shown that a general tuple-based approach can easily outperform triple-based encodings by several orders of magnitude.
Characteristic Modes: Theory and Applications in Antenna Engineering

This book examines both theoretical developments of characteristic modes (CMs) and practical developments of CM-based methodologies for a variety of critical antenna designs. The book is divided into six chapters. Chapter 1 provides an introduction and discusses the recent advances of the CM theory and its applications in antenna engineering. Chapter 2 describes the formulation of the characteristic mode theory for perfectly electrically conducting (PEC) bodies and discusses its numerical implementations. Chapter 3 presents the CM theory for PEC structures embedded in multilayered medium and its applications. Chapter 4 covers recent advances in CM theory for dielectric bodies and also their applications. Chapter 5 discusses the CM theory for N-port networks and its applications to the design of antenna arrays. Finally, Chapter 6 discusses the design of platform-integrated antenna systems using characteristic modes.
Throughput analysis for string-topology full-duplex multi-hop network

Full-duplex (FD) communication can double point-to-point throughput, By applying the FD technique to multi-hop networks, the throughput enhancing is expected. For achieving the benefits in the networks, it is necessary to design medium access control (MAC) protocol for FD communications. Developing an analytical model for FD multi-hop networks is effective and useful for not only developing the optimal protocol design but also clarifying such network dynamics. This paper proposes analytical expressions for string-topology wireless FD multi-hop network. For achieving that, analytical model of airtime expressions, which is effective analytical approach in a half-duplex multi-hop network, and Markov-chain model for FD MAC are integrated. This model is the first analytical model for string-topology FD multi-hop networks. End-to-end throughput of FD multi-hop network for any number of hops and any payload size can be obtained from the proposed model. The analytical expressions are verified by comparisons with simulation results. From the comparison with the results in half-duplex (HD) multi-hop network, the effectiveness of FD communication in multi-hop networks are confirmed.
Composition of ghee prepared from camel, cow and buffalo milk

Samples of milk from camel, cow and buffalo were analysed for fat contents Cream was separated from the respective milk and ghee was prepared by employing direct cream method. Yield of ghee was measured and recovery of fat obtained was estimated. The samples of ghee were analysed for selected compositional attributes. Yield of ghee and recovery of fat from camel milk was substantially lower compared to that from cow milk as well as buffalo milk. The content of unsaponifiable matter, cholesterol and FFA of ghee from camel milk was significantly lower (p>0.05) compared to ghee prepared from cow as well as buffalo milk. On the other hand, moisture content of ghee from camel milk was intermediate to that of the ghee from buffalo and cow milk.