Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
SEROLOGICAL SURVEY OF ANAPLASMA MARGINALE ( RICKETTSIA ) ANTIBODIES IN ANIMALS BY MAJOR SURFACE PROTEIN 5 COMPETITIVE INHIBITION ENZYME-LINKED IMMUNOSORBENT ASSAY

The prevalence of bovine Anaplasmosis caused by Anaplasma marginale was studied in 360 cattle and buffaloes maintained at small holder's farmers at Matrouh governorate between months of June 2006 to July 2007. The incidence of this parasite by using microscopical examination was found to be 74 (37%) and 95 (59.3%) of the examined cattle and buffaloes, respectively. Serologically using rMSP5-cELISA, the incidence of antibodies against Anaplasma marginale was in 134 (67%) and 125 (78.1%) of cattle and buffaloes, respectively. The naturally diseased cases subjected to chemotherapeutic treatment using L.A oxytetracycline (200 mg/kg b. wt) showed rapid recovery with an undetectable parasitemia as measured by 28 days post-treatment. In conclusion, Anaplasmosis is a prevalent disease of bovine farms in the examined area. Additionally, the ability of the rMSP5-cELISA to accurately detect individually infected animals will facilitate epidemiologic investigations, in areas where the Anaplasmosis expanding through purchasing of infected animals and getting access into disease-free regions. INTRODUCTION Bovine Anaplasmosis is an arthropods-borne hemolytic disease of cattle that is caused by the rickettsia Anaplasma marginale (Kocan, et al., 2003). Anaplasmosis is also called "Yellow bag" or yellow fever as affected animals can develop a jaundiced appearance. It is an important disease as it tends to cause outbreaks in a herd, which can lead to death of adult cattle. Other economics losses include abortions, decreased weight gain, bull infertility and treatment costs (Zaugg and Lincolon, 1995; Luther, et al. 1996 and Bock, et al., 2003). Anaplasma marginale is the most common pathogen of cattle (Smith, 2002 and Kocan, et al., 2003) and is responsible for substantial economic losses in livestock production of developing countries (Jimenez, et al., 2008). Anaplasma centrale is capable of producing a moderate degree of anemia, but clinical outbreaks in the field are extremely rare. Carrier animals are an efficient source of infection (Eriks, et al., 1993), where they carry Anaplasma species in their
Josephson junctions of Weyl and multi-Weyl semimetals

We study a Josephson junction involving a Weyl and a multi-Weyl semimetal separated by a barrier region of width $d$ created by putting a gate voltage ${U}_{0}$ over the Weyl semimetal. The topological winding number of such a junction changes across the barrier. We show that ${I}_{c}{R}_{N}$ for such junctions, where ${I}_{c}$ is the critical current and ${R}_{N}$ the normal-state resistance, in the thin-barrier limit, has a universal value independent of the barrier potential. We provide an analytical expression of the Andreev bound states and use it to demonstrate that the universal value of ${I}_{c}{R}_{N}$ is a consequence of change in topological winding number across the junction. We also study the AC Josephson effect in such a junction in the presence of an external microwave radiation, chart out its current-voltage characteristics, and show that the change in the winding number across the junction shapes the properties of its Shapiro steps. We discuss the effect of increasing barrier thickness $d$ on the above-mentioned properties and chart-out experiments which may test our theory.
A thin shell of ionized gas as the explanation for infrared excess among classical Cepheids

Context. The infrared (IR) excess of classical Cepheids is seldom studied and poorly understood despite observational evidence and the potential for its contribution to induce systematics on the period-luminosity (PL) relation used in the calibration of the extragalactic distance scale. Aims. This study aims to understand the physical origin of the IR excess found in the spectral energy distribution (SED) of 5 Cepheids: RS Pup (P = 41.46d), ζ Gem (P = 10.15d), η Aql (P = 7.18d), V Cen (P = 5.49d) and SU Cyg (P = 3.85d). Methods. A time series of atmospheric models along the pulsation cycle were fitted to a compilation of data, including optical and near-IR photometry, Spitzer spectra (secured at a specific phase), interferometric angular diameters, effective temperature estimates, and radial velocity measurements. Herschel images in two bands were also analyzed qualitatively. In this fitting process, based on the SPIPS algorithm, a residual was found in the SED, whatever the pulsation phase, and for wavelengths larger than about 1.2 μm, which corresponds to the so-determined infrared excess of Cepheids. This IR excess was then corrected from interstellar medium absorption in order to infer the presence (or absence) of dust shells and was, ultimately, used in order to fit a model for a shell of ionized gas. Results. For all Cepheids, we find a continuum IR excess increasing up to approximately −0.1 magnitudes at 30 μm, which cannot be explained by a hot or cold dust model of CircumStellar Environment (CSE). However, a weak but significant dust emission at 9.7 μm is found for ζ Gem, η Aql and RS Pup, while clear interstellar clouds are seen in the Herschel images for V Cen and RS Pup. We show, for the first time, that the IR excess of Cepheids can be explained by free–free emission from a thin shell of ionized gas, with a thickness of ≃15% of the star radius, a mass of 10−9−10−7M⊙ and a temperature ranging between 3500 and 4500 K. Conclusions. The presence of a thin shell of ionized gas around Cepheids must be tested with interferometers operating in the visible or mid-IR, or using radio telescopes. The impact of such CSEs of ionized gas on the PL relation of Cepheids also calls for further investigation.
Testing multivariate normality by zeros of the harmonic oscillator in characteristic function spaces

We study a novel class of affine invariant and consistent tests for normality in any dimension in an i.i. d. ‐setting. The tests are based on a characterization of the standard d‐variate normal distribution as the unique solution of an initial value problem of a partial differential equation motivated by the harmonic oscillator, which is a special case of a Schrödinger operator. We derive the asymptotic distribution of the test statistics under the hypothesis of normality as well as under fixed and contiguous alternatives. The tests are consistent against general alternatives, exhibit strong power performance for finite samples, and they are applied to a classical data set due to R.A. Fisher. The results can also be used for a neighborhood‐of‐model validation procedure.
Strongly constrained stochastic processes: the multi-ends Brownian bridge

In a recent article, Krapivsky and Redner (2018 J. Stat. Mech. 093208) established that the distribution of the first hitting times for a diffusing particle subject to hitting an absorber is independent of the direction of the external flow field. In the present paper, we build upon this observation and investigate when the conditioning on the diffusion leads to a process that is totally independent of the flow field. For this purpose, we adopt the Langevin approach, or more formally the theory of conditioned stochastic differential equations. This technique allows us to derive a large variety of stochastic processes: in particular, we introduce a new kind of Brownian bridge ending at two different final points and calculate its fundamental probabilities. This method is also very well suited for generating statistically independent paths. Numerical simulations illustrate our findings.
Fixed-Length Strong Coordination

We consider the problem of synthesizing joint distributions of signals and actions over noisy channels in the finite length regime. For a fixed blocklength n and an upper bound on the distance $\varepsilon$, a coding scheme is proposed such that the induced joint distribution is $\varepsilon$-close in L1 distance to a target i.i. d. distribution. The set of achievable target distributions and rate for asymptotic strong coordination can be recovered from the main result of this paper by having n that tends to infinity.
A Search for Intrinsic H i 21 cm and OH 18 cm Absorption toward Compact Radio Sources

We present the results of a large search for intrinsic H i 21 cm and OH 18 cm absorption in 145 compact radio sources in the redshift range 0.02 < z < 3.8 with the Green Bank Telescope. We redetect H i 21 cm absorption toward six known absorption systems, but detect no new H i or OH absorption in 102 interference-free sources. Seventy-nine sources have not previously been observed for H i 21 cm absorption. We recover a mean optical depth limit of τ3σ < 0.023 for all the nondetections in the survey. Our results do not support the high intrinsic absorption rates found by previous studies in compact radio sources at low redshift. Our results do, however, support the hypothesis proposed by Curran et al. that high ultraviolet (UV) luminosity active galactic nuclei do not show intrinsic H i 21 cm absorption, confirming a threshold of LUV = 1023 W Hz−1, above which our intrinsic absorption fraction is zero (54 sources). The exact nature of the UV luminosity effect on H i absorption systems remains ambiguous. We additionally find no statistical correlation between the 1.4 GHz radio luminosity or the source size and the 21 cm absorption detection rate. We attribute the lack of intrinsic absorption in our survey to the UV luminosity effect caused by an optical selection bias and a decreased column density sensitivity with increasing redshift due to lower radio continuum flux densities, high radio frequency interference, and higher telescope system temperatures at low frequencies.
Electrical Manipulation of Magnetic Anisotropy in a 
Fe81Ga19/Pb(Mg1/3Nb2/3)O3
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Pb(ZrxTi1−x)O3
 Magnetoelectric Multiferroic Composite

Magnetoelectric composites are an important class of multiferroic materials that pave the way towards a new generation of multifunctional devices directly integrable in data storage technology and spintronics. This study focuses on strain-mediated electrical manipulation of magnetization in an extrinsic multiferroic. The composite includes 5 nm or 60 nm Fe$_{81}$Ga$_{19}$ thin films coupled to a piezoelectric (011)-PMN-PZT. The magnetization reversal study reveals a converse magnetoelectric coefficient $\alpha_\mathrm{CME,max} \approx 2.7 \times {10^{-6}}$ s.m$^{-1}$ at room temperature. This reported value of $\alpha_\mathrm{CME}$ is among the highest so far compared to previous reports of single-phase multiferroics as well as composites. An angular dependency of $\alpha_\mathrm{CME}$ is also shown for the first time, arising from the intrinsic magnetic anisotropy of FeGa. The highly efficient magnetoelectric composite FeGa/PMN-PZT demonstrates drastic modifications of the in-plane magnetic anisotropy, with an almost 90$^{\circ}$ rotation of the preferential anisotropy axis in the thinner films under an electric field E = 10.8 this http URL$^{-1}$. Also, the influence of thermal strain on the bilayer's magnetic coercivity is compared to that of a reference bilayer FeGa/Glass at cryogenic temperatures. A different evolution is observed as a function of temperature, revealing a substrate thermo-mechanical influence which has not yet been reported in FeGa thin films coupled to a piezoelectric material.
NGTS-10b: the shortest period hot Jupiter yet discovered

We report the discovery of a new ultrashort period (USP) transiting hot Jupiter from the Next Generation Transit Survey (NGTS). NGTS-10b has a mass and radius of $2.162\, ^{+0.092}_{-0.107}$ MJ and $1.205\, ^{+0.117}_{-0.083}$ RJ and orbits its host star with a period of 0.7668944 ± 0.0000003 d, making it the shortest period hot Jupiter yet discovered. The host is a 10.4 ± 2.5 Gyr old K5V star (Teff = 4400 ± 100 K) of Solar metallicity ([Fe/H] = −0.02 ± 0.12 dex) showing moderate signs of stellar activity. NGTS-10b joins a short list of USP Jupiters that are prime candidates for the study of star–planet tidal interactions. NGTS-10b orbits its host at just 1.46 ± 0.18 Roche radii, and we calculate a median remaining inspiral time of 38 Myr and a potentially measurable orbital period decay of 7 s over the coming decade, assuming a stellar tidal quality factor $Q^{\prime }_{\rm s}$ =2 × 107.
Line shapes in narrow-line Seyfert 1 galaxies: a tracer of physical properties?

Line profiles can provide fundamental information on the physics of active galactic nuclei (AGN). In the case of narrow-line Seyfert 1 galaxies (NLS1s) this is of particular importance since past studies revealed how their permitted line profiles are well reproduced by a Lorentzian function instead of a Gaussian. This has been explained with different properties of the broad-line region (BLR), which may present a more pronounced turbulent motions in NLS1s with respect to other AGN. We investigated the line profiles in a recent large NLS1 sample classified using SDSS, and we divided the sources into two subsamples according to their line shapes, Gaussian or Lorentzian. The line profiles clearly separate all the properties of NLS1s. Black hole mass, Eddington ratio, [O III], and Fe II strength are all very different in the Lorentzian and Gaussian samples. We interpret this in terms of evolution within the class of NLS1s. The Lorentzian sources may be the youngest objects, while Gaussian profiles may be typically associated to more evolved objects. Further detailed spectroscopic studies are needed to fully confirm our hypothesis.
Multi-Objective Approach for Optimal DGPV Location and Sizing

The advancement of renewable technology has attracted utility and company to integrate and produce energy for a cleaner environment. The attractive policy from the government also gave the opportunity to adopt the technology recently. The Distributed Generation Photovoltaic (DGPV) integration into the grid is an advanced technology to produce electricity without polluting the environment. Besides providing the green technology, it can also enhance the voltage profile and minimise the transmission losses. However, this depends on the location and the sizing of the DGPV. In this paper, the location and sizing of DGPV are deduced using multi-objective Chaotic Mutation Immune Evolutionary Technique (MOCMIEP) technique. The proposed method determines the optimal location and sizing of DGPV and to improve the losses and FVSI simultaneously. FVSI is a pre-developed voltage stability index based on the line in the power system. The method was tested on the power transmission system of IEEE 30-Bus and IEEE 57 -Bus Reliability Test System (RTS). The results demonstrate the ability of the proposed method to generate the Pareto optimal solutions of the multi-objective problems and come out with the best compromise solution.
MonoNet: Towards Interpretable Models by Learning Monotonic Features

Being able to interpret, or explain, the predictions made by a machine learning model is of fundamental importance. This is especially true when there is interest in deploying data-driven models to make high-stakes decisions, e.g. in healthcare. While recent years have seen an increasing interest in interpretable machine learning research, this field is currently lacking an agreed-upon definition of interpretability, and some researchers have called for a more active conversation towards a rigorous approach to interpretability. Joining this conversation, we claim in this paper that the difficulty of interpreting a complex model stems from the existing interactions among features. We argue that by enforcing monotonicity between features and outputs, we are able to reason about the effect of a single feature on an output independently from other features, and consequently better understand the model. We show how to structurally introduce this constraint in deep learning models by adding new simple layers. We validate our model on benchmark datasets, and compare our results with previously proposed interpretable models.
Unconditional positivity-preserving and energy stable schemes for a reduced Poisson-Nernst-Planck system

The Poisson-Nernst-Planck (PNP) system is a widely accepted model for simulation of ionic channels. In this paper, we design, analyze, and numerically validate a second order unconditional positivity-preserving scheme for solving a reduced PNP system, which can well approximate the three dimensional ion channel problem. Positivity of numerical solutions is proven to hold true independent of the size of time steps and the choice of the Poisson solver. The scheme is easy to implement without resorting to any iteration method. Several numerical examples further confirm the positivity-preserving property, and demonstrate the accuracy, efficiency, and robustness of the proposed scheme, as well as the fast approach to steady states.
Understanding and Improving Proximity Graph based Maximum Inner Product Search

The inner-product navigable small world graph (ip-NSW) represents the state-of-the-art method for approximate maximum inner product search (MIPS) and it can achieve an order of magnitude speedup over the fastest baseline. However, to date it is still unclear where its exceptional performance comes from. In this paper, we show that there is a strong norm bias in the MIPS problem, which means that the large norm items are very likely to become the result of MIPS. Then we explain the good performance of ip-NSW as matching the norm bias of the MIPS problem — large norm items have big in-degrees in the ip-NSW proximity graph and a walk on the graph spends the majority of computation on these items, thus effectively avoids unnecessary computation on small norm items. Furthermore, we propose the ip-NSW+ algorithm, which improves ip-NSW by introducing an additional angular proximity graph. Search is first conducted on the angular graph to find the angular neighbors of a query and then the MIPS neighbors of these angular neighbors are used to initialize the candidate pool for search on the inner-product proximity graph. Experiment results show that ip-NSW+ consistently and significantly outperforms ip-NSW and provides more robust performance under different data distributions.
Parametric amplification of a graphene nanomechanical resonator in a nonlinear regime

Parametric amplification is widely used in nanoelectro-mechanical systems to enhance the transduced mechanical signals. Taking advantage of the excellent electrical and mechanical properties of graphene, we demonstrate tunable parametric amplification using a doubly clamped graphene nanomechanical resonator. By applying external microwave pumping with twice the resonant frequency, we investigate parametric amplification in a nonlinear regime. A maximum gain of 10.7 dB can be achieved by varying the gate voltage in a nonlinear regime. When the power of external pumping is further increased, the gain of the vibrational amplitude decreases, suggesting that the graphene nanomechanical resonator is driven into a deep nonlinear regime (DNLR), where much greater dissipation occurs due to higher-order nonlinearity. Our results provide a platform for ultrasensitive detection applications and studies on nonlinear physics using graphene nanomechanical resonators.
Historical and Modern Features for Buddha Statue Classification

While Buddhism has spread along the Silk Roads, many pieces of art have been displaced. Only a few experts may identify these works, subjectively to their experience. The construction of Buddha statues was taught through the definition of canon rules, but the applications of those rules greatly varies across time and space. Automatic art analysis aims at supporting these challenges. We propose to automatically recover the proportions induced by the construction guidelines, in order to use them and compare between different deep learning features for several classification tasks, in a medium size but rich dataset of Buddha statues, collected with experts of Buddhism art history.
A Survey on Resource Allocation in Vehicular Networks

Vehicular networks, an enabling technology for Intelligent Transportation System (ITS), smart cities, and autonomous driving, can deliver numerous on-board data services, e.g., road-safety, easy navigation, traffic efficiency, comfort driving, infotainment, etc. Providing satisfactory Quality of Service (QoS) in vehicular networks, however, is a challenging task due to a number of limiting factors such as erroneous and congested wireless channels (due to high mobility or uncoordinated channel-access), increasingly fragmented and congested spectrum, hardware imperfections, and anticipated growth of vehicular communication devices. Therefore, it will be critical to allocate and utilize the available wireless network resources in an ultra-efficient manner. In this paper, we present a comprehensive survey on resource allocation schemes for the two dominant vehicular network technologies, e.g. Dedicated Short Range Communications (DSRC) and cellular based vehicular networks. We discuss the challenges and opportunities for resource allocations in modern vehicular networks and outline a number of promising future research directions.
Regular and chaotic motion domains in the channeling electron's phase space and mean level density for its transverse motion energy

The motion of charged particles in a crystal in the axial channeling regime can be both regular and chaotic. The chaos in quantum case manifests itself in the statistical properties of the energy levels set. These properties have been studied previously for the electrons channeling along [110] direction of the silicon crystal, in the case when the classical motion was completely chaotic. The case of channeling along [100] direction is of special interest because the classical motion here can be both regular and chaotic for the same energy depending on the initial conditions. The semiclassical energy level density (as well as its part that corresponds to the regular motion domains in the phase space) is computed for the 10 GeV channeling electrons and positrons. It is demonstrated that the level spacing distribution for both electrons and positrons can be better described by Berry-Robnik distribution than by both Wigner (completely chaotic case) or Poisson (completely regular case) distributions.
An Impedance Sensing Platform for Monitoring Heterogeneous Connectivity and Diagnostics in Lab-on-a-Chip Systems

Reliable hardware connectivity is vital in heterogeneous integrated systems. For example, in digital microfluidics lab-on-a-chip systems, there are hundreds of physical connections required between a microelectromechanical fabricated device and the driving system that can be remotely located on a printed circuit board. Unfortunately, the connection reliability cannot be checked or monitored by vision-based detection methods that are commonly used in the semiconductor industry. Therefore, a sensing platform that can be seamlessly integrated into existing digital microfluidics systems and provide real-time monitoring of multiconnectivity is highly desired. Here, we report an impedance sensing platform that can provide fast detection of a single physical connection in timescales of milliseconds. Once connectivity is established, the same setup can be used to determine the droplet location. The sensing system can be scaled up to support multiple channels or applied to other heterogeneously integrated systems that require real-time monitoring and diagnostics of multiconnectivity systems.
Causal screening for dynamical systems

Many classical algorithms output graphical representations of causal structures by testing conditional independence among a set of random variables. In dynamical systems, local independence can be used analogously as a testable implication of the underlying data-generating process. We suggest some inexpensive methods for causal screening which provide output with a sound causal interpretation under the assumption of ancestral faithfulness. The popular model class of linear Hawkes processes is used to provide an example of a dynamical causal model. We argue that for sparse causal graphs the output will often be close to complete. We give examples of this framework and apply it to a challenging biological system.