Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Development of E-government through Public-Private Partnerships in Indonesia

The application of information and communication technology (ICT) is a phenomenon that permeates many aspects of government practices since the end of the last century. E-government has been growing rapidly following the development of E-commerce. More than the application of ICT, international aid agencies expect that E-government can be a tool for the governance transformation efforts in developing countries. Government of Indonesia’s initiative to develop E-government has been strengthened in various government policies since 2001. The Indonesian government has set up many programs to keep pace in the field of E-government. Basically, the government is aware of the constraints of priority in public finance, lack of technology and human resources. Therefore, since 2001 the government has initiated the development of E-government through public-private partnerships. However, apart from the aspects of ICT and capital, as well as the availability of human resources, the implementation of public-private partnerships in the development of E-government has not been held smoothly. Developing E-government through public-private partnerships could potentially be facing institutional barriers. Therefore, the implementation of Egovernment in Indonesia, which is expected to be done by a public-private partnership schemes are susceptible to situations of uneasy. Inequality in institutional arrangements has been slowing the progress of the program. So, the two parties have not yet able to achieve greater benefits from the partnership. Keywords—E-government; public-private partnerships; government transformation; institutional arrangements
Super‐resolution microscopy reveals cell wall dynamics and peptidoglycan architecture in ovococcal bacteria

Cell morphology and viability in Eubacteria is dictated by the architecture of peptidoglycan, the major and essential structural component of the cell wall. Although the biochemical composition of peptidoglycan is well understood, how the peptidoglycan architecture can accommodate the dynamics of growth and division while maintaining cell shape remains largely unknown. Here, we elucidate the peptidoglycan architecture and dynamics of bacteria with ovoid cell shape (ovococci), which includes a number of important pathogens, by combining biochemical analyses with atomic force and super‐resolution microscopies. Atomic force microscopy analysis showed preferential orientation of the peptidoglycan network parallel to the short axis of the cell, with distinct architectural features associated with septal and peripheral wall synthesis. Super‐resolution three‐dimensional structured illumination fluorescence microscopy was applied for the first time in bacteria to unravel the dynamics of peptidoglycan assembly in ovococci. The ovococci have a unique peptidoglycan architecture and growth mode not observed in other model organisms.
Efficient sparse least squares support vector machines for regression

To solve the sparseness problem of least squares support vector machine (LSSVM) in learning process, a training algorithm of LSSVM based on active learning is investigated. In the first stage of the algorithm, in order to solve the problem of a large number of similar training data samples, Support samples are selected by K-means clustering method. The second stage, this algorithm obtains a model using LSSVM and conducts function estimation of the all samples, calculating the error between the estimation values and the original samples, sorting support samples and selecting the best sample. Then the selected sample is added into training set to obtain new model. And the processes are repeated until the predetermined performance requirements are achieved, thus the sparse LSSVM model is obtained. The simulation on sinc function indicates that the proposed method performs more effectively than Suykens standard sparse method for removing the redundant support vector with better sparseness and robustness. The experiments on motorcycle dataset of the UCI indicate that the proposed algorithm can solve the problem of heteroscedasticity in some degree.
Genetic Maternal Effects on HumanLife Span through the Inh eritance of Mitochondrial DNA

Ageing consists of an accumulation of changes with time both at the molecular and cellular levels, accompanying an increased susceptibility to diseases and death. If maternally inherited mitochondrial genes are involved in defining the nature and timing of ageing, and if there are genetic differences in their susceptibility to damage, a maternal contribution could be found in the inheritance of life span. The present study explores the inheritance pattern of longevity and discovers a significant genetic maternal component in human life span.
Prevalence of electrocardiographic left ventricular hypertrophy in human hypertension: an updated review

Aim: Left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) is a strong predictor of cardiovascular events in different clinical settings. We reviewed recent studies on the prevalence of hypertensive LVH, as assessed by ECG, in order to update our knowledge about this marker of cardiac organ damage in human hypertension. Design: A MEDLINE search using the key words ‘ LVH ’, ‘hypertension’, ‘ECG’, ‘cardiac organ damage’ and ‘cardiac hypertrophy’ was performed in order to identify relevant articles. Full articles published in English language in the last decade (1 January 2000 to 31 December 2010) reporting studies in adult or elderly individuals, were considered. Results: A total of 26 studies, including 40 444 untreated and treated individuals (85% whites, 47% men, 32% obese, 28% diabetics and 22% patients with cardiovascular disease) were considered. LVH was defined by 15 criteria (seven studies used two or more criteria, range 2-7); LVH prevalence consistently varied among studies (0.6-40.0%) with an average of 18% in the pooled population. A sex-based analysis in five out of 26 studies (12 084 patients) showed an average prevalence of LVH of 24% in men and 16% in women (odds ratio 1.38, 95% CI 0.91-2.09, P = 0.11). Conclusion: Our analysis shows that LVH, as assessed by ECG, is present in a relevant fraction of the hypertensive population; these data highlight the role of ECG as a first-line examination for identifying subclinical organ damage and optimizing blood pressure control in hypertensive patients.
Central Venous Catheter-Induced Cardiac Tamponade: A Preventable Complication

i have read with great interest the review (1) written by Pittiruti et.al. followed by their multicenter study (2) regarding the use of EKG for central venous catheter (CVC) positioning. Late cardiac tamponade is a fatal complication that might arise if the CVC tip is left within the pericardial reflection by continuously eroding the atrial wall over time (3). it is therefore that i do not understand why the authors in their study (2) aimed to position the CVCs so low. only procedures that require free blood flow (dialysis, hemofiltration, plasmapheresis, etc.) are indications for a very low CVC position. in the review the authors claim that the EKG assisted CVC positioning technique is superior to fluoroscopy. Since EKG will position the CVC at the cava-atrial junction it will leave its tip within the pericardial reflection. Additional positioning as well as chest x-ray (CXR) is therefore required. Since CXR is needed to preclude other pathologies (such as pneumothorax) the use of expensive EKG catheters did not add any safety to the patients. The recommendations by Pittiruti in his review and study will expose patients to the danger of incorrect (deep) CVC position while using unnecessary expensive equipment. it is my recommendation to use the CVC lengths cited by Kim et. al. (4) and verify the position by CXR.
Prevention of bone loss induced by thyroxine suppressive therapy in postmenopausal women: the effect of calcium and calcitonin.

Although controversies exist on the possible adverse effect of T4 on bone mass, most studies reported bone loss in estrogen-deprived postmenopausal women taking suppressive doses of T4. We prospectively studied 46 postmenopausal women with carcinoma of thyroid for 2 yr to evaluate the rate of bone loss and assess whether calcium supplementation with or without intranasal calcitonin was able to decrease the rate of bone loss. All patients were receiving a stable dose of L-T4 (170 +/- 60 micrograms/day or 3.0 +/- 1.4 micrograms/kg.day) for more than 1 yr. All had TSH levels of 0.03 mIU/L or less and an elevated free T4 (FT4) index, but normal T3 levels. The calcium intake was low and averaged 507 +/- 384 g/day as assessed by dietary recall. The subjects were randomized into three groups: 1) intranasal calcitonin (200 IU daily) for 5 days/week plus 1000 mg calcium daily, 2) calcium alone, or 3) placebo. Total body and regional bone mineral density were measured by a dual energy x-ray absorptiometry bone densitometer at 6-month intervals. The results showed that both groups 1 and 2 had stable bone mass, whereas patients in groups 3 showed significant bone loss at the end of 2 yr (lumbar spine, 5.0%, hip, 6.7%, trochanter, 4.7%; Ward's triangle, 8.8%; P < 0.05), with bone mineral densities at all four regions lower than those in the other two groups (P < 0.05). There were no differences between groups 1 and 2. All three groups had elevated osteocalcin levels compared with age-matched reference controls. At 1 yr, the osteocalcin level decreased in groups 1 and 2, but remained significantly raised in group 3. No significant changes were detected in the bone-specific alkaline phosphatase levels. Urinary hydroxyproline excretion increased in group 3 at the end of 2 yr, but remained the same in groups 1 and 2. In conclusion, T4-suppressive therapy was associated with bone loss in postmenopausal women, which could be prevented by either calcium supplementation or intranasal calcitonin, although the latter did not provide additional benefit compared to calcium alone. However, careful titration of T4 dosage to maintain biochemical euthyroidism is a better way to avoid the adverse effect of T4 on bone.
Negative symptoms in schizophrenia: a confirmatory factor analysis of competing models.

OBJECTIVE The aim of the study was to examine different models of the factor structure of negative symptoms in schizophrenia through the use of a confirmatory factor analysis procedure. METHOD The cohort comprised 253 inpatients diagnosed with schizophrenia according to DSM-III-R criteria. Negative symptoms were evaluated with the Scale for the Assessment of Negative Symptoms (SANS). Seven alternative models of negative symptoms were compared by means of confirmatory factor analysis. RESULTS The unidimensional model fit the data modestly. More complex multifactorial models fit the data better than simpler models. Both five-dimension models corresponding to the original SANS structure fit the data quite well; the model excluding inappropriate affect from the SANS was the best adjusted. CONCLUSIONS Multidimensional models fit the data better than the unidimensional model. The data provide evidence for the factorial validity of the SANS and the characterization of the SANS subscales as true underlying dimensions of observable negative symptoms.
In Vivo Comparison of Hip Separation After Metal-on-Metal or Metal-on-Polyethylene Total Hip Arthroplasty

Background: Twenty subjects were analyzed in vivo with use of video fluoroscopy to determine if the femoral head separates from the acetabular component during normal gait and to determine if the amount of separation differs between metal-on-metal and metal-on-polyethylene total hip prostheses. Methods: Ten subjects had been treated with a metal-on-metal total hip arthroplasty and ten, with a metal-on-polyethylene total hip arthroplasty. All of the prostheses were implanted by the same surgeon utilizing the same surgical technique, and all were judged to be clinically successful (a Harris hip score of >90 points). Each subject walked with a normal gait on a level treadmill while under fluoroscopic surveillance. The two-dimensional fluoroscopic videotapes were then converted into three-dimensional images with use of a computer-automated model-fitting technique. Each implant was analyzed at various flexion angles to assess the amount of femoral head sliding. Results: No femoral head sliding was observed in the subjects with a metal-on-metal implant, whereas all ten subjects with a metal-on-polyethylene implant had sliding that was greater than our threshold value of 0.75 mm. The average amount of femoral head sliding in these subjects was 2.0 mm, and the sliding was observed during the swing phase of gait. The sliding was typically seen medially while the femoral head remained in contact with the acetabular component superolaterally. Conclusions: Femoral head sliding commonly occurred following traditional metal-on-polyethylene total hip arthroplasty but not after metal-on-metal arthroplasty. These kinematic data may be of value in future hip-simulation studies to better duplicate wear patterns observed in retrieval analyses, assist in the understanding of the lubrication and wear rates of metal-on-metal designs, and facilitate designing of prosthetic components that minimize wear and optimize hip kinematics.
Exposing Hidden Performance Opportunities in High Performance GPU Applications

Leadership class systems with nodes containing many-core accelerators, such as GPUs, have the potential to increase the performance of applications. Effectively exploiting the parallelism provided by many-core accelerators requires developers to identify where accelerator parallelization would provide benefit and ensuring efficient interaction between the CPU and accelerator. In the abstract, these issues appear straightforward and well understood. However, we have found that significant untapped performance opportunities exist in these areas even in well-known, heavily optimized, real world applications created by experienced GPU developers. These untapped performance opportunities exist because accelerated libraries can create unexpected synchronization delay and memory transfer requests, interaction between accelerated libraries can cause unexpected inefficiencies when combined, and vectorization opportunities can be hidden by the structure of the program. In applications we have studied (Qball, QBox, Hoomd-blue, LAMMPs, and cuIBM), exploiting these opportunities resulted in reduction of their execution time by 18%-87%. In this work, we provide concrete evidence of the existence and impact that these performance issues have on real world applications today. We characterize the missed performance opportunities we have identified by their underlying cause and describe a preliminary design of detection methods that can be used by performance tools to identify these missed opportunities.
Evidence and Implications of Mortality Associated with Acute Plasmodium vivax Malaria

SUMMARY Vivax malaria threatens patients despite relatively low-grade parasitemias in peripheral blood. The tenet of death as a rare outcome, derived from antiquated and flawed clinical classifications, disregarded key clinical evidence, including (i) high rates of mortality in neurosyphilis patients treated with vivax malaria; (ii) significant mortality from zones of endemicity; and (iii) the physiological threat inherent in repeated, very severe paroxysms in any patient, healthy or otherwise. The very well-documented course of this infection, with the exception of parasitemia, carries all of the attributes of “perniciousness” historically linked to falciparum malaria, including severe disease and fatal outcomes. A systematic analysis of the parasite biomass in severely ill patients that includes blood, marrow, and spleen may ultimately explain this historic misunderstanding. Regardless of how this parasite is pernicious, recent data demonstrate that the infection comes with a significant burden of morbidity and associated mortality. The extraordinary burden of malaria is not heavily weighted upon any single continent by a single species of parasite—it is a complex problem for the entire endemic world, and both species are of fundamental importance. Humanity must rally substantial resources, intellect, and energy to counter this daunting but profound threat.
The Evaluation of Polyneuropathies

Polyneuropathy has an estimated prevalence of 2%–3% in the general population and a prevalence as high as 8% in people over the age of 55 years.1 Roughly one-third of polyneuropathies will have a genetic cause, one-third an acquired etiology, and one-third will be idiopathic, despite appropriate diagnostic evaluation.2 There are over 100 known acquired and inherited disorders that may cause polyneuropathy, a fact that presents challenges and can contribute to uncertainty about the scope, direction, and level of aggressiveness of any evaluation.3 This sometimes leads to a one-size-fits-all diagnostic strategy, a strategy that is unfocused, inefficient, and costly, and sometimes places the patient at unnecessary risk of a procedure-related complication (e.g., nerve biopsy). In this article, we present a simple and easy-to-remember algorithm for diagnosing polyneuropathy, based on first answering 4 clinical questions: what, where, when, and what setting (figure 1). 3 The 4-step clinical characterization should almost always be followed by electrodiagnostic (EDX) characterization with appropriate nerve conduction and needle EMG. The clinical and EDX characterization can then be combined, as necessary, with a consultation of appropriate tables and lists of differentials or the figure we provide in this article, allowing for the generation of a focused differential diagnosis and appropriate and efficient evaluation. Figure 1 A suggested construct for the approach to neuropathy, using the “what, where, when, and what setting” approach for characterizing polyneuropathy Only the most common etiologies are found in this figure. Red font indicates predominantly demyelinating polyneuropathies and yellow font indicates predominantly axonal polyneuropathies. CIDP = chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyradiculoneuropathy; CMT = Charcot-Marie-Tooth; cryo = cryoglobulinemia; GBS = Guillain-Barre syndrome; hDMN = hereditary distal motor neuropathy (uncommon); HNPP = hereditary neuropathy with liability to pressure palsies; HSN = hereditary sensory neuropathy (uncommon); IgM M protein = also known as distal acquired demyelinating symmetric (DADS) neuropathy or frequently anti-MAG neuropathy; MMN = multifocal motor neuropathy; M protein = monoclonal protein; N-NSS = negative …
Maximum Exposure Assessment of millimeter-Wave Array Antennas

5G user equipment makes use of array antennas to form beams according to a predefined codebook. In this paper, we provide an algorithm to determine upper bounds of maximum power density of array antennas from a set of electromagnetic field (EMF) realized by independent configurations. The method uses only EMF of the device under test (DUT) operating at configurations taken from the actual codebook and does not require absolute reference phase to be preserved between configurations. In all cases, the algorithm provides a conservative estimate of worst-case power density with limited overestimation. The proposed method therefore provides a practical way to assess compliance of millimeter-wave array antennas with as few as n+1 field measurements and is a valuable step forward for the standardization of RF EMF exposure compliance procedures of 5G devices.
Improving Modal Purity in Quadraxially Fed Quadruple-Ridged Flared Horn Antennas

This paper presents an improvement of a quadraxial feed designed for quadruple-ridged flared horn antennas. Selective laser melting (SLM) 3-D printing allows for complex structures to be realised as one unibody component. The integration of complex structures into the quadruple-ridged waveguide suppresses all higher order modes by more than 25 dB relative to the fundamental TE11 mode, thereby achieving near pure-mode excitation over a 8.5:1 bandwidth. The impedance match is also significantly improved due to the relaxation of design constraints from previous manufacturing techniques. The quadraxial feed presented in this paper presents an ideal candidate for the integration with differential amplifiers and a quadruple-ridged flared horn for next generation radio astronomy reflector antennas.
Bi-level scheduling Model of Air conditioning load aggregator considering users’ comfort compensation

As a kind of load-side flexible resource, the load of air-conditioning can be included in the dispatching of power system through demand response. In this paper, a bi-level scheduling model for air-conditioning load aggregator considering the users’ comfort compensation is put forward. First, by optimizing the power consumption of each component of the central air-conditioner, the aggregator forms its controllable demand response resource, and then participates in the market competition before the day. After the bidding is completed, the load aggregator controls the air-conditioning load based on the comfort of the user reasonably according to the load reduction task. Thus, a load aggregator bi-level scheduling model based on the setting of the user compensation mechanism is shaped. In the mechanism of user compensation strategy, a user compensation model based on the improved thermal sensation voting value function (TSV) is proposed. The example shows that the proposed compensation strategy can fully mobilize the enthusiasm of the users to participate in the load reduction task and improve the income of the load aggregator based on the comparison of the traditional compensation mechanism.
Time-Derivative Estimation of Noisy Movie Data using Adaptive Control Theory

This paper presents an adaptive differentiator of sequential data based on the adaptive control theory. The algorithm is applied to detect moving objects by estimating a temporal gradient of sequential data at a specified pixel. We adopt two nonlinear intensity functions to reduce the influence of noises. The derivatives of the nonlinear intensity functions are estimated by an adaptive observer with σ-modification update law.
On the influence of re-reading on mind wandering

Re-reading has been shown to have a minimal benefit on text comprehension, in comparison to reading only once or other types of study techniques (e.g., testing; self-explanation). In two experiments we examined the effect of re-reading on mind wandering. Participants read two texts, during which they responded to intermittent mind wandering probes. One text was read once and the other twice. Consistent with previous findings, there was no effect of re-reading on comprehension even though participants reported feeling more competent when they re-read the text. Critically, participants mind wandered more while re-reading. Furthermore, the effect of re-reading on mind wandering was specific to intentional forms of mind wandering rather than unintentional. The implications of these results for understanding mind wandering and the limited effectiveness of re-reading as a mnemonic are discussed.