Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Operative Treatment of 109 Tibial Plateau Fractures: Five- to 27-Year Follow-up Results

Objective: To analyze the long-term (5-27 years) functional and radiologic results of surgically treated fractures of the tibial plateau. Design: Retrospective study. Setting: University hospital. Patients and Methods: Two hundred two consecutive tibial plateau fractures were included in this study. All fractures were classified according to both the AO and the Schatzker classification. There were 112 men and 90 women. The mean age at injury was 46 years (16 to 88). One hundred sixty-three patients had isolated fractures and 39 had multiple fractures. A 1 year follow-up was done in all 202 patients. One hundred nine of these patients also had an additional long-term follow-up visit. Functional results of these 109 patients were graded with the Neer- and HSS-knee scores. Radiologic results were graded with the Ahlbäck score. Statistical analysis was performed by means of the SPSS data analysis program. Results: An uneventful union was present at the 1 year follow-up in 95% of the patients, along with a mean knee ROM of 130 degrees (range, 10-145 degrees). One hundred nine patients had a long-term follow-up visit after a mean period of 14 years (range, 5-27 years). The mean ROM at this time was 135 degrees (range, 0-145 degrees). Functional results showed a mean Neer score of 88.6 points (range, 56-100 points) and a mean HSS score of 84.8 points (range, 19-100 points). Monocondylar fractures showed statistically significant better functional results compared to bicondylar fractures. In 31% of the patients, secondary osteoarthritis had developed but was well tolerated in most (64% of the patients). Patients with a malalignment of more then 5 degrees developed a moderate to severe grade of osteoarthritis statistically significant more often (27% of the patients) compared to patients with an anatomic knee axis (9.2%; MWU, P = 0.02). Age did not appear to have any influence on the results. Conclusion: Long-term results after open reduction and internal fixation for tibial plateau fractures are excellent, independent of the patient's age.
Commentary on "Comparison of the Properties of Regression and Categorical Risk-Adjustment Models".

WHILE every risk adjustment model is designed with a specific purpose in mind, and with design specifications that reflect that purpose, risk adjustment models are often applied in settings that differ from the original development environment. Key questions are often “Is model M useful for purpose P? Or, if 2 models, M and M′ are available, which is more useful? ” Regardless of its particular structure and the modeling choices made by its developers, how well a model performs for a particular purpose is usually addressed empirically— through quantitative measures, such as how closely its predictions match an outcome of interest. Fuller et al. (2016) do not consider any quantitative measures. Rather, the essence of their argument is that models with a categorical structure are superior to regression-based models because they are more “clinically meaningful. ” We disagree.
Blood flow acceleration in the carotid and brachial arteries of healthy volunteers: respective contributions of cardiac performance and local resistance

Summary— The influence of local resistance and cardiac performance on peripheral blood acceleration was investigated in 14 healthy male volunteers. Steady and pulsatile flow was studied in the brachial and in the common carotid arteries, ie, two territories that exhibit marked differences in resistive characteristics. Instantaneous blood velocity (V), mean blood velocity (Vm) and artery diameter (D) were evaluated at rest by an ultrasonic range‐gated pulsed Doppler flowmeter using a double transducer probe, thus allowing the calculation of mean blood flow (Q). Mean local resistance (R) was obtained by dividing the mean arterial pressure by Q. The peak value of the local acceleration of the blood was obtained by computer‐assisted calculation of the first derivative of instantaneous blood velocity (Gmax = +dV/dtmax). Peak aortic blood acceleration (GAo) was simultaneously measured from the suprasternal notch using a pulsed Doppler velocity meter. In the brachial and the common carotid arteries, Gmax was of a similar magnitude (551 ±30 and 555 ± 44 cm/s2, respectively) despite major differences in the respective D, Vm, Q and R values. In neither artery was there a relationship between Gmax and either resting Q or R. At the brachial artery level, Gmax was positively related to GAo (r = 0.79, P = 0.0008). At the common carotid artery level, there was a weak, although non significant relationship between Gmax and GAo (P = 0.08). Our results indicate that the local acceleration of peripheral blood flow in the brachial artery is related rather to upstream central impulse than to downstream hemodynamics, and suggest some regional differences in the hemodynamic determinants of the local acceleration of peripheral blood flow.
L'information déniée

R. Lynd publia en 1939 son essai sur la methode et le role des sciences sociales dans une societe composee d’individus, dynamique, technologiquement et administrativement developpee, dont il analyse la complexite croissante comme « l’allongement des chaines de causalite » (Lynd 1964 : p. 212). Une telle societe a la capacite d’amenager une quantite croissante d’information; elle en a aussi la necessite, pour contrecarrer le desordre, l’entropie. Les pages qui suivent concernent quelques repon.
Looking for lexical feedback effects in /tl/→/kl/ repairs

French (or English) native listeners hear /kl/ when presented with the illegal consonant sequence */tl/. This robust case of perceptual repair is usually viewed as operating at a prelexical level of speech processing but the evidence against lexical feedback is somewhat weak. In this study, we report new data supporting the prelexical hypothesis, obtained with a paradigm that avoids most of the possible confounds in previous studies. In a cross-modal auditory–visual priming paradigm, lexical decisions to the same visual target “clavier” are facilitated by the auditory prime *tlavier, not by *dlavier. Likewise, the recognition of “glacier” is facilitated by *dlacier, not by *tlacier. To summarize, velar stop + /l/ words are exclusively facilitated by the dental-initial derived forms with the same voicing. Derived forms with the opposite voicing tend to induce inhibition rather than facilitation. Hence, the observed facilitation effects are not graded from */tl/ to */dl/ or vice versa. We argue that these rather surprising all-or-none priming effects exclude the possibility that the */tl/→/kl/ and */dl/→/gl/ repairs are due, even partly, to lexical feedback. Index Terms: phonotactic, perceptual repair, lexical feedback
Black soybean extract improves lipid profiles in fenofibrate-treated type 2 diabetics with postprandial hyperlipidemia.

Black soybeans (Glycine max (L.) Merr. ) are known to be rich in polyphenols, including anthocyanins, and they have been consumed since ancient times for their beneficial effects on health. In addition, it has been reported that black soybean (BS) seed coat may ameliorate obesity and insulin resistance. In the present study, we administered BS extract to type 2 diabetics for 2 months to investigate the effects of BS on glycemic control and lipid metabolism parameters. In addition, we administered BS and antihyperlipidemic agent, fenofibrate, to patients with type 2 diabetes complicated by postprandial hyperlipidemia for 2 months and assessed the combined effects of fenofibrate and BS on serum lipid profile. The results showed that administration of the BS alone had no effect on the blood glucose or lipid levels, but that administration of fenofibrate alone and fenofibrate in combination with the BS significantly lowered their serum triglyceride (TG) level at fasting state, and the percent decrease in the serum TG level after combined administration was significantly higher than in the subjects who received fenofibrate alone. Furthermore, the serum LDL cholesterol concentration, which did not decrease when fenofibrate was administered alone, decreased significantly when the BS and fenofibrate were administered in combination. These results suggest that combined administration of the BS with fenofibrate enhanced the antihyperlipidemic action of fenofibrate, and the results of this study demonstrated the usefulness of the BS in clinical practice.
Nitrate Reductase from Monoraphidium braunii: Immunocytochemical Localization and Immunological Characterization.

Homogeneous nitrate reductase (EC 1.6.6.2) from Monoraphidium braunii was obtained by means of affinity chromatography in blue-Sepharose and gel filtration. After electrophoresis in polyacrylamide, gel slices containing pure nitrate reductase were disrupted and injected into previously unimmunized rabbits. The antiserum produced after several weeks was found to inhibit the different activities of nitrate reductase to a similar degree. Monospecificity of the antiserum was demonstrated by Ouchterlony double diffusion and crossed immunoelectrophoresis. The antibodies were purified by immunoabsorption to Sepharose-bound nitrate reductase.The intracellular location of nitrate reductase in green algae was examined by applying an immunocytochemical method to M. braunii cells. Ultrathin frozen sections were first treated with immunopurified anti-nitrate reductase monospecific antibodies, followed by incubation with colloidal gold-labeled goat antirabbit immunoglobulin G as a marker. The enzyme was specifically located in the pyrenoid region of the chloroplast.
Coexistence of a sialolith, a Warthin tumor in the submandibular gland, and sialocutaneous fistula in the neck

Sialolithiazis submandibüler bezde en sık görülen patoloji olmakla birlikte, submandibüler bezden kaynaklanan Warthin tümörü nadirdir. Bu yazıda, sağ submandibüler bölgede şişlik, kızarıklık ve boyunda submandibüler bölgede seropürülan drenajın olduğu kütanöz fistülü olan 63 yaşında bir erkek hasta sunuldu. Ultrasonda taş tespit edildiği için, sialoadenektomi ve fistül trakt eksizyonu yapıldı. Patolojik incelemede, sialolithiazisin yanı sıra, Warthin tümörü tespit edildi.
Application for Decision-Making in Transportation Logistics Function: Supply Chain Colombian Green Coffee

The following article presents a review on the state of the art five basic criteria that a decision maker in the Supply Chain (SC) should consider in selecting carriers for the supply channel with suppliers and for channel distribution with distributors: opportunity, flexibility, cost savings, efficiency / productivity and technology. These are validated to a case study of SC Colombian green coffee, through the technical outranking multicriteria decision (ELECTRE), which seeks Carriers Selection (CS) under criteria. One of the contributions of this research is the methodology for decision making from building criteria from the literature to the application of ELECTRE technique. The second contribution to the decision maker in any SC is that he could take the code developed in Matlab and run at any time as making support organizational, logistical or production decisions, for any problem of selection, classification and prioritization.
Effects of the CDT6/ANGX gene on tumour growth in immune competent mice.

BACKGROUND Cornea-derived transcript 6 (CDT6, also known as AngX) has been described to inhibit tumour growth in a human melanoma growing in nude mice. In another report, however, enhancement of tumour growth in comparable circumstances occurred. We therefore studied the effect of the same gene in different circumstances, using an immune competent mouse model. MATERIALS AND METHODS In this report we describe the generation of a stably CDT6-expressing clone of the murine melanoma cell line B16-F10. These cells were implanted in female C57/B16 mice with empty vector transfected cells as control. RESULTS We found no significant inhibition or stimulation of either lag-time or doubling-time of the tumours. In addition no effect of the CDT6 gene product was found on proliferation of endothelial cells in vitro. CONCLUSION In contrast to an immune deficient mouse model, no anti-tumour effect could be detected with the CDT6 gene product in an immune competent mouse model.
Characterization of headaches in the premenstrual tension syndrome.

OBJECTIVE Characterization of headaches in premenstrual syndrome (PMS). Although headache is one of the symptoms for PMS, no details on this headache are given by the American College of Obstetrics and Gynecology (ACOG) criteria. METHOD A group of 45 fertile age women presenting PMS were invited to complete a registration diary for headache and PMS symptoms for three consecutive months. The diary included details of each headache attack, allowing for classification according to the International Headache Society criteria (IHS-2004). RESULTS Migraine without aura was the most common type of headache in PMS (n=27, 60%), followed by tension type headache (n=15, 30%). Only in two cases the type of headache varied among the observed months, and only in one case the diagnosis could not be concluded by the IHS-2004 criteria. CONCLUSION Better clinical and therapeutic approach to headache in PMS can be achieved if the patient's type of headache could be properly characterized.
Highly luminescent ZnS:Mn/ZnS core shell nanoparticles for solid state lightning

This paper presents some results from a study of luminescent properties of core shell zinc sulphide (ZnS) nanoparticles (NPs) with the Mn doped core and ZnS as the shell. Influencing factors like core shell structure and dopant concentration are tuned to investigate the effects on their luminescent properties. Results indicate that these luminescent nanoparticles potentially can be used in LEDs.
Application of generalized method of eigenoscillations to problems of nanoplasmonics

A version of generalized eigenoscillation method is applied to the problem about resonant effects in metallic nanoparticles. An approach is proposed, that permits to avoid calculating all higher eigenoscillations except the resonant one. An algorithm for determination of the resonant eigenoscillation, based on the Galerkin procedure, is described in details for the case of bodies of revolution. Model numerical results are presented.
GCaMP expression in retinal ganglion cells characterized using a low-cost fundus imaging system

Objective. Virus-transduced, intracellular-calcium indicators are effective reporters of neural activity, offering the advantage of cell-specific labeling. Due to the existence of an optimal time window for the expression of calcium indicators, a suitable tool for tracking GECI expression in vivo following transduction is highly desirable. Approach. We developed a noninvasive imaging approach based on a custom-modified, low-cost fundus viewing system that allowed us to monitor and characterize in vivo bright-field and fluorescence images of the mouse retina. AAV2-CAG-GCaMP6f was injected into a mouse eye. The fundus imaging system was used to measure fluorescence at several time points post injection. At defined time points, we prepared wholemount retina mounted on a transparent multielectrode array and used calcium imaging to evaluate the responsiveness of retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) to external electrical stimulation. Main results. The noninvasive fundus imaging system clearly resolves individual (RGCs and axons. RGC fluorescence intensity and the number of observable fluorescent cells show a similar rising trend from week 1 to week 3 after viral injection, indicating a consistent increase of GCaMP6f expression. Analysis of the in vivo fluorescence intensity trend and in vitro neurophysiological responsiveness shows that the slope of intensity versus days post injection can be used to estimate the optimal time for calcium imaging of RGCs in response to external electrical stimulation. Significance. The proposed fundus imaging system enables high-resolution digital fundus imaging in the mouse eye, based on off-the-shelf components. The long-term tracking experiment with in vitro calcium imaging validation demonstrates the system can serve as a powerful tool monitoring the level of genetically-encoded calcium indicator expression, further determining the optimal time window for following experiment.
Role of interphase on the resistance to high-voltage arcing, on tracking and erosion of silicone/SiO2 nanocomposites

In this study a two kinds of silicone/SiO2 nanocomposites were tested with respect to their resistance to high-voltage arcing, the resistance to tracking and erosion and their TGA performance. The silicones with filler type F1 show a high improvement of the resistance to high-voltage arcing and the resistance to tracking and erosion at very low filler contents. Furthermore, a maximum resistance to high-voltage arcing is observed for these nanocomposites at a filler content of 5% wt. In contrast to that the silicones with filler type F2 show no significant improvement for both resistances. The effects are explained by the ratio of interphase to matrix material, which is estimated by the Interphase Volume Model. The thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) shows that the resistance to thermal degradation is significantly higher for the silicones with filler type F1 already at a filler content of 0.5 wt. % compared to the material without any fillers. The resistance to thermal degradation for the materials with filler type F2 is significantly lower. This result is also explained by the high interphase content.
A Kidney Exchange Clearinghouse in New England.

In 2003 there were 8,665 transplants of deceased donor kidneys for the approximately 60,000 patients waiting for such transplants in the United States. While waiting, 3,436 patients died. There were also 6,464 kidney transplants from living donors (Scientific Registry of Transplant Recipients web site). Live donation is an option for kidneys, since healthy people have two and can remain healthy with one. While it is illegal to buy or sell organs, there have started to be kidney exchanges involving two donor–patient pairs such that each (living) donor cannot give a kidney to the intended recipient because of blood type or immunological incompatibility, but each patient can receive a kidney from the other donor. So far these have been rare: as of December 2004, only five exchanges had been performed in the 14 transplant centers in New England. One reason there have been so few kidney exchanges is that there have not been databases of incompatible patient–donor pairs. Incompatible donors were simply sent home. (Databases are now being assembled not only in New England, but also in Ohio and Baltimore.) Lainie Friedman Ross et al. (1997) discussed the possibility of exchange between incompatible patient–donor pairs. Not only have a few such two-way exchanges been performed, but two three-way exchanges (in which the donor kidney from one pair is transplanted into the patient in a second pair, whose donor kidney goes to a third pair, whose donor kidney goes to the first pair) have been performed at Johns Hopkins. There have also been a number of “list exchanges” in which an incompatible patient– donor pair makes a donation to someone on the waiting list for a cadaver kidney, in return for the patient in the pair receiving high priority for a cadaver kidney when one becomes available.
Haemophilus influenzae Porin Induces Toll-Like Receptor 2-Mediated Cytokine Production in Human Monocytes and Mouse Macrophages

ABSTRACT The production of proinflammatory cytokines is likely to play a major pathophysiological role in meningitis and other infections caused by Haemophilus influenzae type b (Hib). Previous studies have shown that Hib porin contributes to signaling of the inflammatory cascade. We examined here the role of Toll-like receptors (TLRs) and the TLR-associated adaptor protein MyD88 in Hib porin-induced production of tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) and interleukin-6 (IL-6). Hib porin-induced TNF-α and IL-6 production was virtually eliminated in macrophages from TLR2- or MyD88-deficient mice. In contrast, macrophages from lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-hyporesponsive C3H/HeJ mice, which are defective in TLR4 function, responded normally to Hib porin. Moreover anti-TLR2 antibodies but not anti-TLR4 antibodies significantly reduced Hib porin-stimulated TNF-α and IL-6 release from the human monocytic cell line THP-1. These data indicate that the TLR2/MyD88 pathway plays an essential role in Hib porin-mediated cytokine production. These findings may be useful in the development of alternative therapies aimed at reducing excessive inflammatory responses during Hib infections.
Evidence for a Bifurcation of the Mitogenic Signaling Pathway Activated by Ras and Phosphatidylcholine-hydrolyzing Phospholipase C (*)

NIH 3T3 cells stably transfected with the gene encoding phosphatidylcholine-hydrolyzing phospholipase C (PC-PLC) from Bacillus cereus display a chronic elevation of intracellular diacylglycerol levels and a transformed phenotype. We have used such PC-PLC-transformed cells to evaluate the roles of the cytoplasmic serine/threonine kinases Raf-1, protein kinase C (PKC) and protein kinase A (PKA) in oncogenesis and mitogenic signal transduction elicited by phosphatidylcholine hydrolysis. We demonstrate here that stable expression of dominant negative mutants of both PKC and Raf-1 lead to reversion of PC-PLC-transformed cells. Interestingly, expression of kinase defective PKC also reverted NIH 3T3 cells transformed by the v-Ha-ras oncogene. Activation of PKA in response to elevation of cAMP levels also lead to reversion of PC-PLC-induced transformation, implicating PKA as a negative regulator acting downstream of PC-PLC. On the other hand, inhibition or depletion of phorbol ester responsive PKCs attenuated but did not block the ability of PC-PLC-transformed cells to induce DNA synthesis in the absence of growth factors. These results clearly implicate both Raf-1 and PKC as necessary downstream components for transduction of the mitogenic/oncogenic signal generated by PLC-mediated hydrolysis of phosphatidylcholine and suggest, together with other recent evidence, a bifurcation in the signaling pathway downstream of PC-PLC.
Evidence-Based Selection of Sedation Agents for Patients Undergoing Endoscopic Retrograde Cholangiopancreatography

Sedating patients undergoing advanced endoscopic procedures such as endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) is challenging for the endoscopy team. Considering these challenges and concerns with the use of propofol for deep sedation of older adults and high-risk patients, colleagues of one of the authors (AS) were interested in the identification of techniques for the anesthetic management of subjects undergoing therapeutic ERCP. A search strategy revealed a total of 7 evidence sources. The appraised evidence examined the efficacy and sedation-related effects of anesthesia regimens. Deep sedation with propofol was identified as the most commonly used anesthetic technique for subjects undergoing therapeutic ERCP. The sedation-related unwanted effects of propofol appear to be dose-related and occur more frequently in the high-risk and elderly populations. However, the data were inconclusive in identifying an ideal agent offering superior efficacy with fewer unwanted sedation-related effects. Providers should strongly consider the subject's age, history of coexisting illness, and the pharmacological effects of selected anesthetic agents when choosing an appropriate anesthetic technique. Larger randomized controlled studies are needed to identify risk factors associated with sedation-related complications and to identify alternative options for the anesthetic management of subjects undergoing ERCP.