Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Interrelationship of Various Maturity Indicators during Adolescence in Maharashtrian Girls

Introduction: The purpose of this investigation was to provide the orthodontist with an additional tool to help determine growth potential in the adolescent patient. Body height and weight can easily be recorded in any orthodontic clinic routinely and body mass index (BMI) can be calculated. A routinely taken diagnostic cephalogram will provide the orthodontist a reliable diagnostic tool to aid in formulating treatment options by relating the various physical maturity indicators such as, height, weight, BMI and onset of menarche with the skeletal maturation by cervical vertebrae. Materials and methods: Sixty-seven girls from an aided school housed in the university campus were followed for body size (height, weight) measurements, BMI, cervical vertebrae maturity index (CVMI) and skeletal maturity index (SMI) annually, alongwith the age of onset of menarche from the age of 10 to 15 years to find out the relationship between these variables. Results: The CVMI and SMI were directly related to the chronological age (p < 0.05), as well as height and weight at all stages (p < 0.05). CVMI was directly related to SMI (p < 0.01). BMI was directly related to SMI at all stages but with CVMI it was not significant at T2 and T6. A significant correlation was found with SMI and age at menarche, but with CVMI it was significantly related only at T3, T4 and T5. Conclusion: PHV occurred at 11 years of age during SMI 4-5 and CVM I-II stage. Menarche occurred at 13.25 years during SMI 7-8 and CVM Stage III-IV in study population. Cervical vertebrae maturation evaluation is proposed as an alternative method for skeletal maturation assessment without hand-wrist radiograph in Maharashtrian adolescent girls.
Graphene Magnetite Polymeric Nanocomposites (GMPN)-Array Sensor for Human Brain Tumour Detection using Specific Absorption Rate (SAR) Technique

Graphene Magnetic Polymeric Nanocomposites-Array sensor is successfully detecting human brain tumour based on Specific Absorption Rate technique. The technique associated with low cost, non-invasive and accurate in detecting tumour. The sensor consists of graphene as the radiating element and Polydimethylsiloxane Ferrite as the substrate in order to realize ultra-wide band radiation (2.5 GHz-12.2 GHz) with high energy (2.5dB-6.7dB) in microwave frequency ranges. Amount of energy absorbed by the human brain indicated the present of tumour. Human brain with tumour absorbed more energy and recorded higher SAR value (2.56 W/kg) compared with human brain without tumour (1.07 W/kg).
Evolution and Impact of EU Aid for Food and Nutrition Security: A Review

In the aftermath of the world food price crisis, the issue of food and nutrition security has received a high level of political attention and the international donor community has repeatedly underlined its commitment to combat hunger in the world. In order to enhance the effectiveness of the international community’s efforts in addressing the widespread problem of malnutrition, we need to improve our knowledge on what activities donors are currently engaging in and which interventions have been shown to be successful. This paper offers both an overview of the aid for food and nutrition security landscape and how it has changed and an extensive review of the available evidence on the impact of a wide array of interventions aimed at addressing all four dimensions of food and nutrition security; availability, access, utilization and stability. We find that despite the renewed interest and elevated levels of funding for food and nutrition security assistance in developing countries, the empirical evidence base for the effectiveness of these interventions in improving beneficiaries’ food and nutrition security – although in several cases promising – is weak. In particular, the question whether different interventions improve the quality of food consumption and consequently nutrient intake and status, remains largely unanswered. Moreover, few studies assess longer-term effects and there exists relatively little rigorous evidence that compares different interventions. It is therefore strongly recommended to undertake additional research to improve the evidence base as this would allow researchers and policy makers to establish the type of approaches that improve food and nutrition security in the most efficient and cost-effective manner. Finally, in order to facilitate this process, there is a need for a clear and uniform definition of food and nutrition security assistance on the one hand as well as agreed upon, comprehensive indicators on the other hand.
Thirty-Eight-Year-Old Woman Presenting With Fever, Diarrhea, and Bacteremia

PHOTO QUIZ QUESTION: 38-YEAR-OLD WOMAN PRESENTING WITH FEVER, DIARRHEA, AND BACTEREMIA A 38-year-old woman presented to the Moffitt Cancer Center in August 29, 2011, with a 3-day history of fever, generalized muscle aches, and diffuse abdominal pain. She complained of headaches, described as generalized pressure and some dizziness with standing. She denied vomiting or diarrhea on admission. However, several days after admission, she reported soft followed by watery stools that lasted throughout the 2-week hospital stay. A few hours before the abdominal pain, she ate well-cooked chicken in a local restaurant with her family. No other family member ate the same meal. She denied a habit of eating raw or undercooked beef or chicken in the past or drinking unpasteurized milk. Approximately 3 weeks before admission, she traveled to Key Largo, Florida, for a fishing trip and reported drinking tap water directly from the faucet. No other travelers drank from the faucet. She denied any other sick contacts. During the sameweek, she purchased 2 puppies, whichwere vaccinated but within a few days developed bloody diarrhea. The medical history included paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria and aplastic anemia, which were diagnosed in 1990. She had previously been treated with antithymocyte globulin therapy and high-dose corticosteroids. She was recently married with no children. She denied any tobacco, alcohol, or illicit drug use. Other than eculizumab for paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria and multivitamins, she was on no other medications. She had no known history of previous vaccinations against encapsulated bacteria. On physical examination, she had a low-grade temperature of 100.5-F. All other vital signs were normal. Her abdomen was soft with mild to moderate tenderness on palpation of all 4 quadrants. Mild and diffuse distension of the abdomen was noted without rebound or rigidity. She had normal bowel sounds and no back tenderness. Laboratory data were negative for leukocytosis. Complete blood cell count was abnormal for a hematocrit of 23% g/dL, and platelets were 82,000/cells/mL. The comprehensive metabolic panel was abnormal for lactate dehydrogenase 927 mg/dL, which normalized a few days later and a total bilirubin of 2.8 mg/dL, which also normalized to less than 1.0 mg/dL upon discharge. The urinalysis was normal. Stool culture was negative for Campylobacter. The computed tomographic scan of the abdomen and pelvis was consistent with colitis. Blood cultures were collected on admission, and aerobic bottle grew an unusual looking organism seen on Giemsa stain (see Fig. 1). The acridine orange stain demonstrated abundant, tightly coiled ‘‘spirochetes’’ with pointed ends. The wet mount showed that these organisms were motile. The Gram stain showed pale, lightly colored Gram-negative organisms with helical morphology. The preliminary result of the positive blood culture was reported as a ‘‘spirochete-like organism. ’’ What is your diagnosis? FIGURE 1. Giemsa stain showing tightly coiled helical organisms. IMAGES IN ID Y WHAT’S THE DIAGNOSIS?
Preliminary Study on Medical Reference Range for Adult Pulmonary Function Parameters in Shanghai

Objective To establish a medical refere nce for adult pulmonar y function parameters and a normal FEV1/FVC%pred in population of Shanghai.Methods Subjects who underwent routine physical examination were initially screened and those who met enrollment criteria with age over 18 years old were required t o underwent pulmonary function tests in Zhongshan Hospital from June 2009 to Fe bruary 2010.After screening of 450 subjects,a total of 240 subjects with norma l pulmonary function and 120 subjects with mild small airway abnormalities were enrolled in this study according to the prediction equations established in 1988.All subjects were assigned into 6 groups according to their age with 30 males a md 30 females in each group.Pulmonary function parameters including VC,FVC,F EV1,FEV1/FVC,PEF,FEF25%,FEF50%,FEF75%,RV,FRC,TLC, RV/TLC,DLCO,and KCO were collected for analysis.New prediction equations for the above 14 parameters were established by parameters of anthropometry.The medical reference ranges of 14 parameters were calculated according to the new prediction equations.The nor mal FEV1/FVC%pred was also calculated.Results New prediction equations for norm al adult pulmonary function parameters in Shanghai were established.DLCO=5.20 6+4.314×gender("male"=1,"female"=0)-0.144×age(y)+0.098×height( cm)+0.082×weight(kg),KCO=9.346-0.026×age(y)-0.031×height(cm)+0.025×weight(kg). The LLN(P5) of VC,FVC,FEV1,FEV1/FVC,the LLN(P2.5) and the upper lim it of normal value(P97.5) of FRC,TLC,RV,RV/TLC were calculated.The LLN(P 5) of FEV1/FVC=101.924-0.144×age(y)-0.118×high(cm). The lower normal limit of FEV1/FVC%pred was 92%. Conclusions This is the first tim e to have the medic al reference of FEV1/FVC%pred in China,and new prediction equations for DLC O in Shanghai.The LLN of FEV1/FVC or FEV1/FVC%pred92% can be used as diagnosti c cri teria for obstructive ventilation disorder.Instead of using FEV1%pred80%,FE V1LLN can be used as diagnostic criteria for mild ventilation disorder.
Investigation of Gas-Sensitive Properties of Thin-Film Thermovoltaic Sensor Elements Based on Zinc Oxide

Systematic research on a new type of gas sensor devices based on the thermovoltaic effect in zinc oxide, inhomogeneously doped with impurities of variable valence, is presented in the article. The ZnO–ZnO–Me two-layer sandwich structure, in which the thermovoltaic effect is observed, is synthesized using sol–gel technology from sols by dissolving the inorganic zinc salt in alcohol and adding a surfactant, followed by the mixing and maturation of the sol. The lower layer of the nanostructure is formed from pure zinc oxide by immersing the substrate at ⅔ length in sol and drying. The upper layer of zinc oxide doped with copper or iron is formed by two or three immersions of the other end of the substrate by ⅔ length, followed by drying and annealing. It has been established that, based on the developed sensor device, it is possible to obtain an increased response to gas-analyzers (ethanol being an example).
DFT study of the electronic and optical properties of ternary chalcogenides AlX2Te4

Density functional theory (DFT) is applied first time on Ternary chalcogenides AlX2Te4 (X = Zn, In) crystals by using first principles calculations. The electronic and optical properties were studied by ab-initio calculations via full potential linearized augmented plane wave method. It is established that both of compounds are direct band gap semiconductors and these band gaps are to be found at Γ-Γ symmetry points with 1.6 eV and 1.2 eV respectively. Here in we have explored the atomic/orbital origin of electronic states in the band structure for investigated materials from the density of states. From band structure and electronic properties indicate that valence and conduction band is mainly formed due to Zn–s, Zn–p, In–s, In–p, and Te–p orbitals and Zn–s, Zn–p, Al–s, Al–p, and Te-p orbitals respectively. The optical properties are computed from the spectra of dielectric function along with the other related optical properties like energy loss function, reflectivity, refractive index, extinction coefficient and conductivity for a continuous energy range of 0 to 14 eV. The study of the optical properties of this material demonstrates that these materials can be the effective candidates for the optoelectronic devices.
Computational Fluid Dynamics Assisted Design of Thin-Layer Cascade Photobioreactor Components

Mass production of microalgae needs efficient open photobioreactor systems. Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) was applied for the simulation of the liquid flows in a thin-layer cascade photobioreactor. The virtual reactor representation was validated using a photobioreactor on a semi-technical scale (8 m²). Exploiting an extensive range of CFD-simulations, reactor components could be optimised and guidelines were provided for design and operation of thin-layer cascade photobioreactors.
Recognition of Acantha and Ecchymosis in Tongue Pattern

To objectify the tongue conditions and recognize the acantha and ecchymosis in tongue pattern,the acantha and ecchymosis were quantified,defined and categorized to establish pattern recognition methods,which were compared with clinical tongue conditions.Results:The total accurate rate of recognition was 77 10%,which provides foundation for further research on computerized diagnosis recognition.
Synthesis of least defect NaY membranes: Defining optimum heating and cooling rate of hydrothermal treatment (HT) and application of zeta potential measurement via different seeding methods

Zeolite membrane is one type of microporous inorganic membrane which has gained so much interests among researchers as an alternative especially for gas separation. Among major challenges to produce high quality zeolite membranes with less defects are to have a good seeding and hydrothermal treatment (HT) method. On this matter, a study on the colloidal stability of the zeolite NaY seeds in the seeds solution in order to obtain homogenous seeds layer on top of the alumina support via several seeding methods and pHs of the seeds solutions were investigated. Then, the seeded samples were taken into HT process in order to form zeolite NaY membranes. During this stage, heating and cooling rates ( o C/hr) were varied in order to study their effects towards formation of zeolite membrane with least defects. Characterizations were performed by using X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) in order to identify degree of crystallization and amount of impurities while Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) was used in order to study surface morphology of the samples. From this study, it was found that densification effect from different seeding methods played important factor in forming zeolite membranes with least defects. Accordingly, suitable heating and cooling rates were required in order to optimize the growths of zeolite NaY seeds to form zeolite layer on top of the alumina support. In this case, due to thermal mismatch between the substrate and zeolite material, it could form some cracks on top of the alumina support. Thus, by implementing optimum heating/cooling rate, a zeolite NaY membrane with least amount of defects i.e. cracks and pinholes could be achieved with less degree of impurities i.e. zeolite NaP during HT process.
Aspartame and Susceptibility to Headache

We performed a double-blind crossover trial of challenges with 30 mg of aspartame per kilogram of body weight or placebo in 40 subjects who reported having headaches repeatedly after consuming products containing aspartame. The incidence rate of headache after aspartame (35 percent) was not significantly different from that after placebo (45 percent) (P less than 0.50). No serious reactions were observed, and the incidence of symptoms other than headache following aspartame was also equivalent to that after placebo. No treatment-related effects were detected in vital signs, blood pressure, or plasma concentrations of cortisol, insulin, glucagon, histamine, epinephrine, or norepinephrine. Most of the subjects were well educated and overweight and had a family or personal history of allergic reactions. The subjects who had headaches had lower plasma concentrations of norepinephrine (P less than 0.0002) and epinephrine (P less than 0.02) just before the development of headache. We conclude that in this population, aspartame is no more likely to produce headache than placebo.
Fabrication and Characterization of Pluronic F68 and Phospholipon 90g Embedded Nanoformulation for Sertraline Delivery: An Optimized Factorial Design Approach and In Vivo Study

Objective: The objective of present work was to utilize the potential of nanostructured lipid carriers (NLCs) form improvement in bioavailability of Sertraline as antidepressant drug formulated by emulsification- solvent evaporation technique with some modification. NLC is the blend of solid lipid, liquid lipid and surfactant for encapsulation of poor water soluble actives. Design: A full 32 factorial design was utilized to study the effect of two independent parameters namely solid lipid to liquid lipid concentration and stabilizer concentration on the entrapment efficiency of the prepared NLCs. The sertraline NLC formulation was characterized with respect to particle size, polydispersity index (PDI), zeta-potential, encapsulation efficiency and physical morphology. Result: The NLC formulation had an average diameter of 96.59 nm, PDI of 0.192, zeta-potential of -39.88 mV, and encapsulation efficiency of 97%, respectively. Conclusion: The NLC formulation for sertraline encapsulation has been successfully developed and is suitable for nose to brain delivery system due to their nano-size and sta
Three approaches to evaluate the heat dissipated during fatigue crack propagation experiments

This work is devoted to the comparative analysis of three techniques for measurement of energy dissipation in metals under fatigue crack propagation: use of original contact heat flux sensor, post-processing of infrared thermography data and lock-in thermography. Contact heat flux sensors allow real-time recording of heat source values. Non-contact temperature measurements by infrared thermography techniques make it possible to calculate the heat source field on the specimen surface by solving a heat conductivity equation. Lock-in thermography is a well-established technique for measuring energy dissipation under cyclic loading conditions based on the analysis of the second harmonic amplitude of the thermal signal. This paper describes the results of the experiments with V-notched flat specimens made of stainless steel AISI 304 which were subjected to cyclic loading. It was shown that the values of energy dissipation estimated by different techniques are in good qualitative agreement. Contact and noncontact measurements can be used for investigation of energy dissipation either separately or in combination. Based on the measurements, the power dependence of fatigue crack growth rate on dissipated heat near the crack tip can be obtained.
Modeling the Electrical Conductivity of Ni1-xFex-SDC Composite Anode by Using PSO-SVR

Studies have shown that numerous indexes affecting the electrical conductivity of Solid Oxide Fuel Cell (SOFC) anode. In order to improve performance of SOFC, it is advantageous to have a model with which one can modeling the electrical conductivity at different operating conditions. In this study, a model utilizing support vector regression (SVR) approach combined with particle swarm optimization (PSO), was proposed to modeling the electrical conductivity of Ni1-xFex(0⩽x⩽0.25)-Ce0.85Sm0. 15O2-δ(SDC) composite anode. The test result by PSO-SVR show that the root mean square error (RMSE) of test samples is 3.79, mean absolute percentage error (MAPE) of test samples is 0.82%, multiplecorrelation correlation coefficients (R2) of test samples is 1.00, which is satisfied with the engineering demand. The result of this investigation provides that PSO-SVR is an effective tool for modeling the electrical conductivity of Ni1-xFex-SDC composite anode.
Utility of high-resolution ultrasonography and colour Doppler in the assessment of pigmented skin lesions

Introduction This study evaluated the role of high-resolution ultrasonography in the assessment of pigmented skin lesions in correlation with clinico-pathological findings to predict malignant potential with high sensitivity and specificity. Methods A prospective cross-sectional study was carried out in 124 cases of pigmented skin lesions by using variable frequency (6–18 MHz) high-resolution ultrasonography and colour Doppler over a period of 14 months in Central Hospital, South Central Railway, Hyderabad, India. The correlation between sonographic parameters (greyscale imaging characteristics and vascular flow on colour Doppler) and pathological parameters (malignant and benign) were statistically analysed. Results For predicting malignancy, the presence of vascular flow on colour Doppler had good overall accuracy, specificity and negative predictive value but relatively low sensitivity and positive predictive value (respectively, 91%, 94%, 94%, 81% and 78%). However, greyscale imaging characteristics to predict malignancy had low overall accuracy, specificity and positive predictive value but high sensitivity and negative predictive value (respectively, 54%, 34%, 26%, 85% and 89%). There was a significant positive association between vascular flow on Doppler and malignancy (P = 0.0001) but the correlation between greyscale imaging findings and malignancy is not statistically significant (P = 0.0603). Conclusions High-resolution sonographic imaging is useful in non-invasive monitoring of pigmented lesions at risk and screening of pigmented lesions suspected of malignancy to give relevant information about the extent and nature of the disease and to stratify the high risk cases for surveillance and planning of the treatment.