Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A Woman's Place: An Analysis of the Roles Portrayed by Women in Magazine Advertisements

A Woman's Place: An Analysis of the Roles Portrayed by Women in Magazine Advertisements Alice E. Courtney and Sarah Wernick Lockeretz 92 Shopping Behavior, Expenditure Patterns, and Inner-City Food Prices Donald F. Dixon and Daniel J. McLaughlin, Jr. 96 Problem Solving and Trial Use in the Adoption Process Fred D. Reynolds 100 The Trading Stamp-Price Relationship Gilbert A. Churchill, Jr., Neil M. Ford, and Urban B. Ozanne 103 Product-Related Response to Use of Black Models in Advertising William V. Muse 107 Who Receives Supermarket Prices Most Validly? F. E. Brown 110 Brief vs. Comprehensive Descriptions in Measuring Intentions to Purchase J. Scott Armstrong and Terry Overton 114 Consumer Characteristics Associated With Dealing: An Empirical Example David B. Montgomery 118 Are Voluntarily Unlisted Telephone Subscribers Really Different? James A. Brunner and G. Allen Brunner 121 Automobile Self-Congruity Models Reexamined G. David Hughes and Jose L. Guerrero 125 The Swingman in Communicating With Management Eugene H. Fram 128
Update on pharmacological management of procedural sedation for children

Purpose of review The review provides an update on pharmacological techniques for procedural sedation for children outside the operating room. Recent findings An increasing number of studies of propofol, ketamine, nitrous oxide, dexmedetomidine, and intranasal administration of drugs for procedural sedation of children continue to be reported. Summary Propofol and ketamine are commonly used for procedural sedation in children and the use of dexmedetomidine and nitrous oxide is increasing. Although the intravenous route remains the mainstay; intranasal drug administration is increasingly used for anxiolysis and moderate sedation.
The Regulation of Foreign Direct Investment by State-Owned Enterprises in Canada

Throughout Canada’s history, foreign investment has been welcomed only reluctantly. Suspicion of investment by state-owned enterprises is only the latest chapter in this history. This working paper describes and critiques recent changes to Investment Canada's Guidelines on foreign direct investment by state-owned enterprises. Specifically, the paper questions the logic of distinguishing between state-owned enterprises and privately-owned acquirers in the foreign direct investment review process.
Evaluation of anticaries activity of selected mouthwash marketed in Nigeria.

Purpose : This work was aimed at evaluating four brands of mouthwash marketed in Nigeria for their anticaries activity. Method : The susceptibility pattern of bacterial isolates obtained from 30 patients having carious teeth to the selected mouthwash was determined using the cup-plate method. The zones of inhibition produced by the mouthwash against the bacterial isolates were measured to determine the degree of susceptibility. Results : The organisms isolated from the patients were Staphylococccus aureus, Klebsiella sp, Streptococcus sp, Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa in the following proportions: 30, 27, 20, 17 and 7 %, respectively. Anticaries evaluation revealed that 0.047 % thymol in ethanol displayed the highest degree of anticaries activity against all the Streptococcal species tested. Incorporation of preservatives in mouthwashes may adversely affect their anticaries activity as indicated by the fact that the preserved mouthwash exhibited lower activity than the unpreserved mouthwash. Conclusion : Anticaries activity is optimally achieved by using appropriate mouthwash combinations as this prevents both the initiation and progression of dental caries. The use of preservatives in mouthwash formulations should be done with caution as this may interfere with mouthwash activity. Keywords : Mouthwash, Thymol, Anticaries activity, Bacterial isolates Tropical Journal of Pharmaceutical Research December 2010; 9 (6): 581-586
Exploring SME Advice and Training Needs for Entrepreneurial Rural Firms

This paper reports on two studies carried out to investigate business support needs in the rural south-east and south-west of the UK West Midlands region. The researchers surveyed a sample of 494 micro, small and medium-sized enterprises to provide support for better decision making by regional providers of training and advice in identifying the needs of these firms. The overall findings suggest that rural areas need to be seen within their own contexts and that support requires differentiation to meet specific needs, particularly where there is evidence of curtailed innovation. More detailed research into innovation across rural areas might identify reasons for emerging trends and explain why some rural areas are more entrepreneurial than others. The study findings revealed that innovation was evident in one-third of the businesses, with growth likely to be given the right support, although there was evidence of greater levels of entrepreneurial behaviour in the area with more immigrants and a better transport infrastructure.
Candida glabrata: new tools and technologies—expanding the toolkit

In recent years, there has been a noticeable rise in fungal infections related to non-albicans Candida species, including Candida glabrata which has both intrinsic resistance to and commonly acquired resistance to azole antifungals. Phylogenetically, C. glabrata is more closely related to the mostly non-pathogenic model organism Saccharomyces cerevisiae than to other Candida species. Despite C. glabrata's designation as a pathogen by Wickham in 1957, relatively little is known about its mechanism of virulence. Over the past few years, technology to analyse the molecular basis of infection has developed rapidly, and here we briefly review the major advances in tools and technologies available to explore and investigate the virulence of C. glabrata that have occurred over the past decade.
Vocal and ventricular fold lateralization using crossing sutures with the thyroplasty window technique for bilateral vocal fold immobility: long-term results

Abstract Conclusions: Vocal and ventricular fold lateralization using crossing sutures with the thyroplasty window technique is an effective and durable procedure for the management of patients with bilateral vocal fold immobility. Objectives: To review the long-term results of bilateral vocal fold immobility in 26 patients treated with vocal and ventricular fold lateralization using crossing sutures with the thyroplasty window technique over a 6-year period. Methods: This retrospective study examined patients with a minimum follow-up of 1 year. The main outcome measures used were the modified Medical Research Council (MRC) dyspnoea scale and the assessment of voice quality pre- and postoperatively using the Likert method. Results: The mean follow-up period was 23.77 ± 12.01 months. All patients reported marked symptomatic improvement in dyspnoea (p = 0.0001). The voice quality worsened as expected; however, this difference did not reach a significant level (p = 0.642). Transient microaspiration was noted in seven of the patients and resolved in 1 or 2 days. The procedure was performed for the contralateral vocal fold in one case, due to the loss of suture tension. No patient showed aspiration postoperatively or during follow-up. All patients were regularly followed up for the beginning of movement of the lateralized or contralateral vocal folds in our outpatient clinic.
An Exploratory Study Of The Contextual Factors That Influence Success Of Ict Projects In Developing Nations: A Case Study Of A Telecommunications Company In Ghana

Abstract Organizations use various information and communication technologies (ICTs) to support business operations. In the developing world, ICT has promise for socio-economic development of the people. Successful project implementation is necessary in order to obtain the needed benefits from ICT endeavors. Factors that contribute to the successful implementation of ICT projects are well known. However, the implementation of ICT projects in developing countries is a more recent phenomenon that has not been well researched. In this paper we use a case study of ICT project implementation within one company in Ghana to highlight factors that underlie the implementation of ICT projects and how these factors collectively impact project success. The study shows that some of the factors identified as important in developed nations were relevant in the developing nation environment. However, the relative ranking of the importance of the factors was different between developed and developing nations. The study also identified additional factors that were relevant in the developing nation context. Our study is informed by the diffusion innovation theory, Hofstede’s cultural theory and DeLone and McLean’s IS success model. We present a framework that ties the ICT project success factors together and can serve as a guideline in ICT implementations in similar environments.
Characterization of measles sequences from Pune, India

The goal of this study was to conduct the initial genetic characterization wild‐type measles viruses currently circulating in India. Reverse transcription‐polymerase chain reaction detected measles RNA in 11 of 14 throat swabs collected from sporadic and outbreak‐associated cases in the city of Pune, during 1996–1998. Sequence analysis of the H and N genes showed that six sequences were genotype D4, three were genotype D8, and two were genotype A. Continued virologic surveillance in other areas of India as well as neighboring countries will indicate the extent of genetic diversity present among wild‐type measles viruses circulating in India. J. Med. Virol. 68:611–614, 2002. © 2002 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
THE IMPACT OF AUDIT INDEPENDENCE ON FINANCIAL REPORTING: EVIDENCE FROM NIGERIA

This research was carried out in order to examine the impact of audit independence on financial reporting in Nigeria. The study aimed at examining, investigating and ascertaining the interaction between audit quality and corporate financial reporting in Nigeria. Hence, the study is a movement towards improving the quality of audit practice in Nigeria. In conducting this research both primary and secondary data were used. The study captured the opinions of respondents including auditors, shareholders, brokers, analysts, regulators, management, academics and others users of financial information. The primary data were got from three hundred and fifty returned and usable copies of questionnaire, while the secondary data were generated from the financial statements of forty annual reports of companies quoted on the Nigerian Stock Exchange. The data gathered were used to test the research hypotheses and answer some of the research questions. The study found a significant and positive relationship between audit quality and the quality of financial reporting.
Contention-TDMA protocol: performance evaluation

A hybrid access protocol known, as contention time-division multiple access (C-TDMA), is presented and analyzed in a radio cellular multiuser system scenario. C-TDMA shows some features of contention-based (slotted-ALOHA) and reservation-based (packet reservation multiple access, PRMA) protocols. It has been recommended for use in the uplink of future European multimedia distribution systems. A simple Markov model is proposed to describe C-TDMA behavior. A complete statistical analysis of the model has been made in order to evaluate the performance of the protocol. However, due to the long computation time required in the presence of a large number of users, a simpler approach known as equilibrium point analysis (EPA) is used. Moreover, on the basis of the EPA analysis and the C-TDMA design parameters, a fast algorithm has been developed to improve the achievable throughput of C-TDMA. Results in terms of throughput and delay under variable traffic conditions indicate that C-TDMA is able to grant optimum throughput/delay figures for typical multiuser systems. Moreover, for a digital speech scenario, a performance comparison with PRMA demonstrates that C-TDMA yields equivalent performance to PRMA in terms of number of users supported by the system with a limited packet dropping rate.
From Barefoot Doctor to Village Doctor in Rural China

The organization, delivery and financing of rural health care at the village level have been de facto privatized with the implicit approval of the Government. Privatization is defined here as the transfer of the financial risk and of service responsibility from the public payor to the private payor. Using data from a nationwide Chinese sample survey, the demographic characteristics, income, working patterns, general education, and professional training, and training preferences of the current village doctors are presented. Two key issues in rural health care in China are discussed: quality of health services and their financial sustainability. The paper suggests alternative ways to train village doctors in order to improve their technical competence and alternative ways to pay for their services. The policy implications of the ongoing privatization of rural health care and policy choices are discussed, a redefinition of the role and functions of the village doctor is recommended, and a networking strategy for integrating rural health services functionally and financially is suggested.
Sources of Information and Behavioral Patterns in Online Health Forums: Observational Study

Background Increasing numbers of patients are raising their voice in online forums. This shift is welcome as an act of patient autonomy, reflected in the term “expert patient”. At the same time, there is considerable concern that patients can be easily misguided by pseudoscientific research and debate. Little is known about the sources of information used in health-related online forums, how users apply this information, and how they behave in such forums. Objective The intent of the study was to identify (1) the sources of information used in online health-related forums, and (2) the roles and behavior of active forum visitors in introducing and disseminating this information. Methods This observational study used the largest German multiple sclerosis (MS) online forum as a database, analyzing the user debate about the recently proposed and controversial Chronic Cerebrospinal Venous Insufficiency (CCSVI) hypothesis. After extracting all posts and then filtering relevant CCSVI posts between 01 January 2008 and 17 August 2012, we first identified hyperlinks to scientific publications and other information sources used or referenced in the posts. Employing k-means clustering, we then analyzed the users’ preference for sources of information and their general posting habits. Results Of 139,912 posts from 11,997 threads, 8628 posts discussed or at least mentioned CCSVI. We detected hyperlinks pointing to CCSVI-related scientific publications in 31 posts. In contrast, 2829 different URLs were posted to the forum, most frequently referring to social media, such as YouTube or Facebook. We identified a total of 6 different roles of hyperlink posters including Social Media Fans, Organization Followers, and Balanced Source Users. Apart from the large and nonspecific residual category of the “average user”, several specific behavior patterns were identified, such as the small but relevant groups of CCSVI-Focused Responders or CCSVI Activators. Conclusions The bulk of the observed contributions were not based on scientific results, but on various social media sources. These sources seem to contain mostly opinions and personal experience. A small group of people with distinct behavioral patterns played a core role in fuelling the discussion about CCSVI.
Analysis of domain motions by approximate normal mode calculations

The identification of dynamical domains in proteins and the description of the low‐frequency domain motions are one of the important applications of numerical simulation techniques. The application of these techniques to large proteins requires a substantial computational effort and therefore cannot be performed routinely, if at all. This article shows how physically motivated approximations permit the calculation of low‐frequency normal modes in a few minutes on standard desktop computers. The technique is based on the observation that the low‐frequency modes, which describe domain motions, are independent of force field details and can be obtained with simplified mechanical models. These models also provide a useful measure for rigidity in proteins, allowing the identification of quasi‐rigid domains. The methods are validated by application to three well‐studied proteins, crambin, lysozyme, and ATCase. In addition to being useful techniques for studying domain motions, the success of the approximations provides new insight into the relevance of normal mode calculations and the nature of the potential energy surface of proteins. Proteins 33:417–429, 1998. © 1998 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Significance of Vascular Renin for Local Generation of Angiotensins

The effects of specific renin inhibitors, angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors, indomethacin, and prostaglandin I2 analogue on the release of angiotensins from isolated and Krebs-Ringer-perfused rabbit mesenteric arteries were examined. Three different renin inhibitors suppressed release of angiotensins in dose-dependent manners. At the highest concentration (10-7 M), the inhibitors EMD 52,620, EMD 54,388, and EMD 52,742 induced 46%, 52%, and 48% decreases, respectively, in the basal rate of immunoreactive angiotensin II release. These results provide clear evidence that released angiotensins are produced by the specific action of vascular renin and that the renin inhibitors suppress the vascular reninangiotensin system as well as the circulating renin-angiotensin system and appear to provide a useful mode for the treatment of hypertension. Nonsulfhydryl angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors cilazapril and delapril were more effective than captopril, and ramipril was equipotent to captopril, suggesting that the effectiveness of angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors on the vascular renin-angiotensin system cannot be explained only by its inhibitory effect on angiotensin converting enzyme. Indomethacin, which was reported to suppress angiotensin II release from rat hind limbs, elicited a dose-dependent increase of angiotensin release from rabbit mesenteric arteries. These results suggest that a difference exists in the regulatory mechanisms in the release of angiotensins from diverse vascular beds.
Consumer behavior of outdoor activity gear shop

Abstract As people think highly of joining those outdoor leisure activities, the demand for the necessary gears has been increased and the market of gear providing become competitive. This survey is carried out and it composites of four sets of questionnaires concerning consumer conduct, satisfaction of service quality, life style, and demographics. 118 consumers of Formosan Blackbear participated in the study. The quantitative analysis of the questionnaires was conducted through descriptive statistics, factor analysis, cluster analysis, and MANOVA to segment different groups of consumer life style. The results of this study give Formosan Blackbear overall information about its consumers including the demographic distribution, the customer satisfaction toward its services and the three major segment groups and suggestions of 4P strategies for each of them. This study gives Formosan Blackbear benchmark of how to develop its business through satisfying different groups of customers and it is expected to have more researches explore in this field.
Visual Selective Attention and the Effects of Monetary Rewards

Outcomes of actions, in the form of rewards and punishments, are known to shape behavior. For example, an action followed by reward will be more readily elicited on subsequent encounters with the same stimuli and context—a phenomenon known as the law of effect. These consequences of rewards (and punishments) are important because they reinforce adaptive behaviors at the expense of competing ones, thus increasing fitness of the organism in its environment. However, it is unknown whether similar influences regulate covert mental processes, such as visual selective attention. Visual selective attention allows privileged processing of task-relevant information, while inhibiting distracting contextual elements. Using variable monetary rewards as arbitrary feedback on performance, we tested whether acts of attentional selection, and in particular the resulting aftereffects, can be modulated by their consequences. Results show that the efficacy of visual selective attention can be sensibly adjusted by external feedback. Specifically, although lingering inhibition of distractors is robust after highly rewarded selections, it is eliminated after poorly rewarded selections. This powerful feature of visual selective attention provides attentive processes with both flexibility and self-regulation properties.
What is personalization? A conceptual framework

Purpose – The object of this paper is to help to understand what it is all about in question when talking about personalization.Design/methodology/approach – A conceptual framework of personalization is presented, based on the literature.Findings – Marketers are looking increasingly at personalization to help them improve the performance of their efforts. However, personalization seems to be hard to apply. Some of these problems are caused by the fact that personalization means something different to each business and to the different actors in the value chain. This lack of agreement regarding the meaning of personalization limits successful communication between the different actors who produce or buy services and products that are connection with personalized marketing. This hinders co‐operation between service providers and marketers who are willing to apply personalization.Originality/value – It is hoped that the framework is useful when discussing and developing the idea of personalization further.
Menace of Frauds in the Indian Banking Industry: An Empirical Study

Banks are the engines that drive the operations in the financial sector and growth of an economy. With the growing banking industry in India, frauds in Banks are also increasing and fraudsters are becoming more sophisticated and ingenious. While it is not possible for Banks to operate in a zero fraud environment, proactive steps such as conducting risk assessments of procedures and policies can help them hedge their risk of contingent losses due to fraud. Thus, time has come when the security aspects of the Banks have to be dealt with on a priority basis. As part of the study, a questionnaire-based survey was conducted in 2012-13 among 345 Bank employees "to know their perception towards bank frauds and evaluate the factors that influence the degree of their compliance level. " This study reveals that "there are poor employment practices and lack of effective employee training; usually over-burdened staff, weak internal control systems, and low compliance levels on the part of Bank Managers, Offices and Clerks. " However, technology can play a major part in combating new-age frauds: proactive forensic data analysis and data mining techniques can help governments, regulatory bodies and Banks to counter the increasingly complex nature of frauds.