Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Subcellular Fractions of Cyclic AMP and Cyclic AMP‐Dependent Protein Kinase and the Positive Inotropic Effects of Selective β1 -and β2-Adrenoceptor Agonists in Guinea Pig Hearts

We studied the effects of a full beta 1-adrenoceptor agonist (T-0509), a beta 2-adrenoceptor agonist (procaterol) and a nonselective beta-adrenoceptor agonist (isoproterenol, ISO) on subcellular cyclic AMP levels and cyclic AMP-dependent protein kinase (cyclic AMP-PK) activity in guinea pig hearts and compared them with the effect of each drug on cardiac contractility. T-0509 (10(-8)M) and ISO (3 x 10(-8)M) caused an increase of approximately 170% in dF/dtmax, whereas 10(-7) procaterol produced only a 25% increase. All these agonists significantly increased the cyclic AMP level in ventricular homogenate. Subcellular fractions were obtained by centrifugation at 100,000 g for 10 min and by Li2SO4 precipitation of the 100,000-g supernatant. In the control heart, probably salcolemmal protein, phospholamban, and 60-kDa protein in the particulate fraction and probably troponin I and troponin C in the supernatant fraction were mainly phosphorylated by the catalytic subunit of cyclic AMP-PK. In the precipitate obtained from the supernatant fraction with Li2SO4, probably all proteins described were contained. However, none of the proteins were detected in the supernatant obtained with Li2SO4. T-0509 and ISO caused significant changes in cyclic AMP levels and cyclic-PK activities in all fractions. However, procaterol increased the cyclic AMP concentrations and cyclic AMP-PK activities only in the supernatant fraction and the supernatant obtained with Li2SO4. T-0509 and ISO increased cyclic AMP level (9-16 pmol/mg protein) and cyclic AMP-PK activity ratio (0.27-0.33) significantly to the same degree in the precipitate obtained with Li2SO4, whereas the effects of T-0509 in other fractions were about twofold less than those of ISO. These results suggest that beta 1- and beta 2-adrenoceptor agonists cause differential compartmentalization of cyclic AMP and cyclic AMP-PK in the cardiac muscle.
Interferon production and sensitivity of Semliki Forest virus variants

Semliki Forest virus was passaged 10 times in series in calf kindly cells, starting with virus passaged in the mouse brain (MB virus). A variant was obtained (termed CK virus). The two viruses were antigenically indistinguishable. When grown on L cells, CK virus formed smaller plaques than MB virus. In parallel growth curve studies in calf kidney cells, a small inoculum of CK virus grew more rapidly and to a higher final titre than a comparable inoculum of MB virus, and usually stimulated production of less interferon. Pre-treatment of cells with calf interferon reduced the growth of both viruses, but especially that of MB virus. The results are considered in relation to the phenomenon of virus adaptation. It is suggested that such differences between the two variants in their relative sensitivity to and production of interferon could have played a part in the emergence of CK virus as the predominant type during serial passages in calf cells. I wish to thank Mr H. Moores and Mr R. Sims for skilful technical assistance.
Diabetic Strain (WBN/Kob) of Rat Characterized by Endocrine‐Exocrine Pancreatic Impairment Due to Distinct Fibrosis

A spontaneously developed endocrine-exocrine pancreatic dysfunction was observed in the aged males of an inbred strain of Wistar rats, WBN/Kob. Nonobese male WBN/Kob rats developed glycosuria and hyperglycemia at around 9 months of age. Cumulative incidence of diabetes in male rats was 43% (33 of 76) at 12 months of age and reached 90% at the age of 21 months. In contrast, female rats did not become diabetic. Urinary excretion of amylase in WBN/Kob rats was significantly increased in comparison with control Wistar rats. Moreover, the exocrine pancreatic function test was impaired in WBN/Kob rats. Pathological examination of pancreata revealed infiltration of inflammatory cells, hemorrhage, deposition of hemosiderin, and fibrinous exudation around pancreatic ducts and blood vessels at 3 months of age. A gradual increase of fibrous tissue into the exocrine tissue and islets was observed with advancing age. The extremely enlarged interlobular lymph nodes were also observed. At the age of 12 months, the fibrous tissue replaced extensive areas of the pancreas and involved islets. The amylase content of pancreata in WBN/Kob rats was markedly decreased in comparison with that in Wistar rats at 12 months of age. Islets composed of few endocrine cells were detected. Immunohistochemical staining for insulin and glucagon showed a decreased number of not only B cells but also A cells. Moreover, both the pancreatic insulin and glucagon contents were markedly decreased in WBN/Kob rats in comparison with Wistar rats. This new diabetic strain (WBN/Kob) of rat is characterized by the destruction of not only B cells but also A cells, accompanied by exocrine pancreatic insufficiency due to fibrous changes in exocrine tissue. The pathophysiology of this diabetes is quite different from that of previously reported diabetic animal models.
The Future of Deep Brain Stimulation

Abstract: During the last year, there has been an increase in the number of applications of deep brain stimulation (DBS) for the treatment of several neurologic disorders. With a better understanding of the mechanisms of action of DBS, it is likely that improvement in the outcomes and an increase in the indications for these procedures will be possible. In fact, the knowledge gained with the applications of stimulation for movement disorders and pain has been leveraged toward the treatment of other disorders, including epilepsy and psychiatric conditions. This will act as a driving force to increase the efforts to improve the technology applied to design and manufacture new hardware.
Market Discipline and Systemic Risk

We analyze a general equilibrium model in which financial institutions generate endogenous systemic risk, even in the absence of any government support. Banks optimally select correlated investments and thereby expose themselves to fire sale risk so as to sharpen their incentives. Systemic risk is therefore a natural consequence of banks' fundamental role as delegated monitors. Our model sheds light on recent and historical trends in measured systemic risk. Technological innovations and government-directed lending can cause surges in systemic risk. Strict capital requirements and well-designed government asset purchase programs can combat systemic risk.
SNS Use, Risk, and Executive Behavior

Organizations can suffer attacks designed to take advantage of employee vulnerabilities. Successful attacks cause firms to suffer financial damage ranging from minor information breaches to severe financial losses. Cybercriminals focus on organization executives, because the power and influence they wield affords access to more sensitive data and financial resources. The purpose of this research in progress submission is to identify the types of executive behaviors that information security professionals believe introduce risk to an organization, as well as to explore the degree of risk organizations face as a result of these behaviors.
Lane changing and merging maneuvers of car-like robots

This research paper designs a unique motion planner of multiple platoons of nonholonomic car-like robots as a feasible solution to the lane changing/merging maneuvers. The decentralized planner with a leaderless approach and a path-guidance principle derived from the Lyapunov-based control scheme generates collision free avoidance and safe merging maneuvers from multiple lanes to a single lane by deploying a split/merge strategy. The fixed obstacles are the markings and boundaries of the road lanes, while the moving obstacles are the robots themselves. Real and virtual road lane markings and the boundaries of road lanes are incorporated into a workspace to achieve the desired formation and configuration of the robots. Convergence of the robots to goal configurations and the repulsion of the robots from specified obstacles are achieved by suitable attractive and repulsive potential field functions, respectively. The results can be viewed as a significant contribution to the avoidance algorithm of the intelligent vehicle systems (IVS). Computer simulations highlight the effectiveness of the split/merge strategy and the acceleration-based controllers
Consulting to Change Media Contents: Two Cases in Alcohol Education

Two ten-year studies featuring intervention with media on the topic of alcohol are presented. The method of intervention, called cooperative consultation, is described and contrasted with other methods. Earlier experience dealing with prime-time television program personnel is reported. The first study involved a soap opera, which proved different from prime-time programs. Using the methods of content analysis, before-and-after studies found change in the desired direction. The second study was done with a business columnist on a daily newspaper. Again, before-and-after tests showed the indicated change—in some categories more than others. The efficacy of particular characteristics of the method of cooperative consultation are noted, and further work in related areas is suggested.
The Funny Current (If): Is it a Novel Antiarrhythmic Target to Treat Atrial Fibrillation?

The Funny Current (If): Is it a Novel Antiarrhythmic Target to Treat Atrial Fibrillation? XIAOLIN XUE, M.D.∗ and GAN-XIN YAN, M.D., Ph.D.†,‡ From the ∗Department of Cardiology, the First Hospital, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China; †Main Line Health Heart Center and Lankenau Institute for Medical Research, Wynnewood, Pennsylvania; and ‡Jefferson Medical College, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennyslvania, USA
Assessing the Net Overall Distributive Effect of a Congestion Charge

This paper offers new insights into the definition, measurement and operationalisation of different dimensions of social vulnerability to road user charges, using unique data sets available in the UK. Assessing distributional effects of road pricing or congestion charging schemes requires evaluating distributional patterns: who receives the benefits of reduced congestion and who receives the revenues collected? How these impacts change over time also needs consideration.
Monilethrix: A case report imaged by trichoscopy, reflectance confocal microscopy and histopathology

1. McArthur GA, Chapman PB, Robert C et al. Safety and efficacy of vemurafenib in BRAFV600E and BRAFV600K mutationpositive melanoma (BRIM-3): extended follow-up of a phase 3, randomised, open-label study. Lancet Oncol. 2014; 15: 323– 32. 2. Anker CJ, Grossmann KF, Atkins MB et al. Avoiding severe toxicity from combined BRAF inhibitor and radiation treatment: consensus guidelines from the Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG). Int. J. Radiat. Oncol. Biol. Phys. 2016; 95: 632– 46. 3. Barnholtz-Sloan JS, Sloan AE, Davis FG et al. Incidence proportions of brain metastases in patients diagnosed (1973 to 2001) in the Metropolitan Detroit Cancer Surveillance System. J. Clin. Oncol. 2004; 22: 2865–72. 4. Davies MA, Liu P, McIntyre S et al. Prognostic factors for survival in melanoma patients with brain metastases. Cancer 2011; 117: 1687–96. 5. Kibbi N, Kluger H. The treatment of melanoma brain metastases. Curr. Oncol. Rep. 2016; 18: 73. 6. Wolf SEJ, Meenken C, Moll AC et al. Severe pan-uveitis in a patient treated with vemurafenib for metastatic melanoma. BMC Cancer 2013; 13: 561.
Human epidermal stimulants, normal and psoriatic

Sui, We consider that the recent article by Hell & Hodgson {tg^X) contains several examples of conl'usion and muddled thinking. ir) Hell & Hodgson consider that ibc concept of the (,i|-S epidermal chalone isolated hy the Oslo group i'l-̂ lgjo, 1974) acting some 5 hours before ihe beginning of the S phase, cannot be entertained because the cell cycle time in mouse cells is nowhere longer than 10 hours. This does not iippear to be the case. In support of this alarming contention. Hell & Hodgsoti quote Cairnie, Lamerton & Steel (1965) on rat small intestinal cells, and two examples of mouse epidermal eells stimulated by the tumour pronioiing phorboi esters i^Frankfurt & Raitcbcva, t972; Krieg, Ktilniann tk Marks, t974).
The Success of the Link Model Programme in Rural Bangladesh: An Empirical Analysis

Abstract Link Model, a participatory rural appraisal (PRA) programme for micro-infrastructure construction funding aid, has received much attention in Bangladesh over the last few decades. This study aims to contribute to the latest phase of the Link Model project, launched in July 2016 by the Bangladeshi government. To this end, the authors conducted a field survey in Kalihati Upazila, which involved 102 villagers and 153 local representatives. The authors used the survey to examine the efficacy of the programme and to identify the key factors that contribute to its success. Results obtained from the questionnaire survey showed that the programme had high degrees of satisfaction and penetration in the surveyed villages. Moreover, the degree of satisfaction was unaffected by gender, religion, income or education background, which is notably consistent with the ideals of PRA. Villagers who understood the policy better were more satisfied with the micro-infrastructures developed through the Link Model programme. The ratings of union development officers (UDO) strongly correlated with the number of micro-infrastructures. Therefore, this study concludes that the key success factors of Link Model are (a) the understanding of villagers on the programme for quality and (b) the capability of UDO for quantity.
Effect of ARMS 2 gene polymorphism on intravitreal ranibizumab treatment for neovascular age-related macular degeneration

Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is a leading cause of blindness in developed countries. The ARMS2 gene has been found to be associated with AMD. Currently, intravitreal ranibizumab (IVR) treatment is one of the widely used treatments for neovascular AMD. The aim of this study was to investigate the association between the genotype of ARMS2 rs10490924 polymorphism and IVR treatment responsiveness in patients with neovascular AMD. The study included 39 patients with advanced neovascular AMD (patient group) and 250 healthy individuals with exome sequencing data (control group). The
Cold shock induction of RNase R and its role in the maturation of the quality control mediator SsrA/tmRNA

In this paper we show that RNase R is a cold shock protein that is induced seven‐ to eightfold by cold shock and that its expression is tightly regulated by temperature. Transcriptional studies reveal that the rnr gene is co‐transcribed with flanking genes as an operon induced under cold shock. The induction of RNase R levels is mainly a result of the stabilization of the rnr transcripts. The transient stability of the rnr transcripts is shown to be regulated by PNPase at the end of the acclimation phase. Studies with an rnr mutant revealed a cold‐shock phenotype showing that RNase R contributes to growth at low temperatures. We have shown that RNase R can be involved in the maturation of SsrA/tmRNA, an important small stable RNA involved in protein tagging and ribosome rescue. The wide biological significance of RNase R regarding adaptation to cold shock and its involvement in RNA surveillance, protein quality control and pathogenesis is discussed.
Notch pathway inhibitor DAPT enhances Atoh1 activity to generate new hair cells in situ in rat cochleae

Atoh1 overexpression in cochlear epithelium induces new hair cell formation. Use of adenovirus-mediated Atoh1 overexpression has mainly focused on the rat lesser epithelial ridge and induces ectopic hair cell regeneration. The sensory region of rat cochlea is difficult to transfect, thus new hair cells are rarely produced in situ in rat cochlear explants. After culturing rat cochleae in medium containing 10% fetal bovine serum, adenovirus successfully infected the sensory region as the width of the supporting cell area was significantly increased. Adenovirus encoding Atoh1 infected the sensory region and induced hair cell formation in situ. Combined application of the Notch inhibitor DAPT and Atoh1 increased the Atoh1 expression level and decreased hes1 and hes5 levels, further promoting hair cell generation. Our results demonstrate that DAPT enhances Atoh1 activity to promote hair cell regeneration in rat cochlear sensory epithelium in vitro.
Probabilities and lifetime durations of short-stay hospital and nursing home use in the United States, 1985.

OBJECTIVES The authors present a four-state increment-decrement life table model from which estimates of the risk and duration of nursing home and short-term hospital stays in the United States are derived. METHODS Survival analysis was used to generate various transition probabilities while controlling for population heterogeneity. In addition, a newly developed algorithm was applied to construct the multistate life table specifically for health-care use. RESULTS The results reveal that in 1985, a US civilian is expected to spend 72.35 years in the community, 59.5 days in short-stay hospitals, and 2.28 years in nursing homes throughout his or her lifetime. CONCLUSIONS The single-year risk of nursing home and short-stay hospital use is shown to be an increasing function of age, especially for the older adults.
In situ forces in the anterior cruciate ligament and its bundles in response to anterior tibial loads

The anterior cruciate ligament has a complex fiber anatomy and is not considered to be a uniform structure. Current anterior cruciate ligament reconstructions succeed in stabilizing the knee, but they neither fully restore normal knee kinematics nor reproduce normal ligament, function. To improve the outcome of the reconstruction, it may be necessary to reproduce the complex function of the intact anterior cruciate ligament in the replacement graft. We examined the in situ forces in nine human anterior cruciate ligaments as well as the force distribution between the anteromedial and posterolateral bundles of the ligament in response to applied anterioi tibial loads ranging from 22 to 110 N at knee flexion angles of 0–90°. The analysis was performed using a robotic manipulator in conjunction with a universal force‐moment sensor. The in situ forces were determined with no device attached to the ligament, while the knee was permitted to move freely in response to the applied loads. We found that the in situ forces in the anterior cruciate ligament ranged from 12.8 ± 7.3 N under 22 N of anterior tibial load applied at 90° of knee flexion to 110.6 ± 14.8 N under 110 N of applied load at 15° of flexion. The magnitude of the in situ force in the posterolateral bundle was larger than that in the anteromedial bundle at knee flexion angles between 0 and 45°, reaching a maximum of 75.2 ± 18.3 N at 15° of knee flexion under an anterior tibial load of 110 N. The magnitude of the in situ force in the posterolateral bundle was significantly affected by knee flexion angle and anterior tibial load in a fashion remarkably similar to that seen in the anterior cruciate ligament. The magnitude of the in situ force in the anteromedial bundle, in contrast, remained relatively constant, not changing with flexion angle. Significant differences in the direction of the in situ force between the anteromedial bundle and the posterolateral bundle were found only at flexion angles of 0 and 60° and only under applied anterior tibial loads greater than 66 N. We have demonstrated the nonuniformity of the anterior cruciate ligament under unconstrained anterior tibial loads. Our data further suggest that in order for the anterior cruciate ligament replacement graft to reproduce the in situ forces of the normal anterior cruciate ligament, reconstruction techniques should take into account the role of the posterolateral bundle in addition to that of the anteromedial bundle.
THE IMPACT OF ENTERPRISE RESOURCE PLANNING SYSTEMS ON MANAGEMENT ACCOUNTING

The added value on the ongoing improvement process of forecasts for financial and nonfinancial information systems is the main object of this study during nowadays context. Our results reveal the findings of an empirical research on the communication with various software vendors, such as SAP or Oracle, confirming the hypothesis that enterprise resource planning systems are not so well connected with the field of financial reporting analysis, but strongly linked with the management accounting field. Our study is and will be further opened for future research, passing over the limits of resource planning.
Towards the Successful Integration of Design Thinking in Industrial Design Education.

This paper narrates a case study on design thinking based education work in an industrial design honours program. Student projects were developed in a multi-disciplinary setting across a Computing and Engineering faculty that allowed promoting technologically and user driven innovation strategies. A renewed culture and environment for Industrial Design students emphasized seeking functionality and fidelity, user and society value over beauty and form factors alone. The pedagogical approach sought to determine the new industrial products reality with an increasing contribution by design thinking and its associated methodologies that are currently advancing typical Industrial Design. In conclusion, the authors propose a number of reflections as recommendations, which may be useful for educational institutions contemplating similar curriculum makeovers to their design degrees.
A novel indel COL7A1 mutation 8068del17insGA causes dominant dystrophic epidermolysis bullosa

Dystrophic epidermolysis bullosa (DEB) is characterized clinically by mucocutaneous blistering in response to minor trauma, followed by scarring and nail dystrophy, and shows blister formation beneath the epidermal lamina densa at the level of the anchoring fibrils. It occurs in autosomal dominant (DDEB) and recessive (RDEB) forms, each form comprising different subtypes with variable clinical presentation and severity. Based on the genetic background, both DDEB and RDEB are caused by mutations in the COL7A1 gene encoding type VII collagen, the major component of anchoring fibrils. Examination of the COL7A1 mutations in DEB has so far disclosed certain genotype–phenotype correlations. Patients with DDEB usually harbour glycine substitution mutations within the collagenous domain on one COL7A1 allele, leading to disruptions in anchoring fibril assembly and relatively mild clinical features. This study describes the first indel (insertion/deletion) mutation in the COL7A1 gene that causes a clinical DDEB phenotype.