Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Compiling on horizon

Compiler research to test several hardware features of the Horizon supercomputer design has yielded some preliminary results based solely on code generation and local optimization. Correctly packing operations into the moderately wide instruction word seems relatively straightforward, and there is nothing to suggest that it will be impossible to discover a good heuristic for instruction scheduling. Lookahead values are easy to compute within basic blocks, but they have not yet been tested across block boundaries, and the overall efficacy of this hardware feature has not been proved. Static analysis shows that the arithmetic unit is noticeably busier than the control unit, but this apparent imbalance may disappear once global optimization permits reasonable dynamic analysis of compiler output. Similarly, it is too early to determine either the adequacy of 32 registers or the usefulness of multiple target registers and condition codes.
The comparison of vowel space in infant-directed speech and read speech

Infant-directed speech contains modifications, which (in contrast to adult-directed speech (ADS)), includes syntactic and semantic simplifications [1, 2], as well as overemphasised intonation contours, decelerated rate of speech and increased pitch (F0) [3, 4, 5]. Studies on the acoustic properties of infant-directed speech (IDS) have also shown that acoustic changes such as broader range in F0 and more increased F0 in speech to infants are observable in diverse languages including in tonal and non-tonal languages [5, 6, 7, 8].
Monitoring the aroma production during wine-must fermentation with an electronic nose.

This work discusses the feasibility of using the electronic nose for the on-line and real-time monitoring of the production of a complex aroma profile during a bioconversion process. As a case study, the formation of the muscatel aroma during the wine-must fermentation was selected. During wine-must fermentation, aroma compounds responsible for the organoleptic character are produced in the ppm range, while simultaneously one of the main metabolic products, ethanol, is produced in much higher quantities (up to 10% wt). Because the sensors of the electronic nose array are cross-selective to different volatile compounds, it was investigated in detail how far the electronic nose was able to evaluate the aroma profile along the fermentation. This article discusses and evaluates subsequently the integration of a membrane separation process-organophilic pervaporation-for selectively enriching aroma compounds relative to ethanol, to improve sample discrimination.
Discussion of spectrum efficiency and the factors that affect it

Spectrum efficiency has become an important topic in the wireless communications industry due to the constant search for more capacity. Yet, there is much confusion about how to assess spectrum efficiency, for various technologies and situations, particularly in conjunction with other objectives such as cost and quality. The author presents a unified approach for the assessment of spectrum efficiency (Erlangs/km/sup 2//MHz) and discusses the main factors that affect it. Fundamental gain factors are introduced in the expression for spectrum efficiency. Then some practical aspects of system design and choice of capacity enhancement techniques are considered. <<ETX>>
Spatially adaptive multiwavelet representations on unstructured grids with applications to multidimensional computational modeling

In this thesis, we develop wavelet surface wavelet representations for complex surfaces, with the goal of demonstrating their potential for 3D scientific and engineering computing applications. Surface wavelets were originally developed for representing geometric objects in a multiresolution format in computer graphics. However, we further extend the construction of surface wavelets and prove the existence of a large class of multiwavelets in R' with vanishing moments around corners that are well suited for complex geometries. These wavelets share all of the major advantages of conventional wavelets, in that they provide an analysis tool for studying data, functions and operators at different scales. However, unlike conventional wavelets, which are restricted to uniform grids, surface wavelets have the power to perform signal processing operations on complex meshes, such as those encountered in finite element modeling. This motivates the study of surface wavelets as an efficient representation for the modeling and simulation of physical processes. We show how surface wavelets can be applied to partial differential equations, cast in the integral form. We analyze and implement the wavelet approach for a model 3D potential problem using a surface wavelet basis with linear interpolating properties. We show both theoretically and experimentally that an O(h') convergence rate, h, being the mesh size, can be obtained by retaining only O((logN)2N) entries in the discrete operator matrix, where N is the number of unknowns. Moreover our theoretical proof of accuracy vs compression is applicable to a large class of Calder6n-Zygmund integral operators. In principle, this convergence analysis may be extended to higher order wavelets with greater vanishing moment. This results in higher convergence and greater compression. Thesis Supervisor: Kevin S. Amaratunga Title: Assistant Professor Acknowledgments I have been fortunate for completing my education at MIT. I thank my advisor Kevin Amaratunga for his mentoring and guidance. I am also grateful to Bernie Lesieutre, Jacob White and Jerome Connor for their diligence in following my work and as teachers. I acknowledge the support given to me from the National Science Foundation for funding my research. I am also thankful for the faculty, student and friends during my long stay at school. Foremost, I am blessed with a loving and supportive family. My parents Samuel Castrill6n and Maria Teresa Candis. My brother Samuel Castrill6n Candas and sister Maria Evelyn Talei Castrill6n Candas. Me da dau doka ka vinakata na vanua List of Symbols See [22] for many of these definitions. 1. Multiindex notation for Dau(x): Let o = (a1,. . , a2), where ai E Z+ and let
Mines, migrancy and HIV in South Africa--managing the epidemic.

The Epidemiology Research Unit (ERU) is involved in developing interventions to manage HIV and associated diseases especially tuberculosis (TB) on South African gold mines. While there are no data on current HIV infection levels among mine workers mine doctors estimate that more than 15% of workers may be infected. The initial doubling time of HIV prevalence among these men may be around 15 months. The most important factors supporting severe HIV epidemics in Africa are social and political instability disruption of social support mechanisms and family structures migrancy high rates of other sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) and opportunistic infections especially TB and pneumonia. These factors are typical to the lives of many of South Africas 350000 Black mine workers. The managers of South Africas gold mines have invested considerably in implementing educational interventions and improving STD services but with only less success than hoped for in limiting the spread of HIV. Such interventions may be improved by targeting them to both mine workers and members of the surrounding communities especially mine workers sex partners; getting organizations governmental bodies and outside professionals to help mine management design and implement interventions; and establishing greater coordination between parties involved in different types of interventions.
The Neo-Aramaic dialect spoken by Jews from the region of Arbel (Iraqi Kurdistan)

Aramaic-speaking Jewish communities used to be found in various towns and villages throughout north-eastern Iraq, north-western Iran and southern Turkey before the mass exodus of Iraqi Jewry to the state of Israel in 1950–51. In Iraq, the Aramaic speakers were found in an area that may be denned as the land lying above a line drawn on a map across the country through the towns of Musil and Kirkuk. Aramaic was not the first language of all Jews of the area. In the large towns of Musil, Kirkuk, Aqra, as well as Arbel, Arabic was the Jewish vernacular. In some villages the Jews spoke Kurdish as their first language. In Iran, Aramaic-speaking Jewish communities were found as far south as Kerend. The northern limits of the Jewish Aramaic area were formed by communities in the region of lake Van in southern Turkey and those around lake Urmia in north-west Iran (Hopkins, 1993: 62–4).
Beschäftigungswirkung neugegründeter Betriebe

"In der Arbeit wird die Beschaftigungsentwicklung von Betrieben, die 1985 in Munchen und Oberbayern gegrundet wurden, wahrend der ersten vier Jahre ihres Bestehens verfolgt. Durch diese neuen Unternehmen entstand im Jahre 1985 ein Stellenzuwachs von etwa 3,5%. Die Zahl neugeschaffener Stellen wurde wahrend des Beobachtungszeitraumes noch erhoht. Dabei zeigt sich, das hinter diesem Nettoanstieg wesentlich umfangreichere Bruttostrome von Stellenzuwachsen (durch betriebliches Wachstum) und Stellenabbau (durch Schliesung und Schrumpfung von Unternehmen) stehen. Weitere Analysen zeigen, das die Beschaftigungsentwicklung nicht in allen Gruppen positiv verlauft: Betriebe weiblicher Grunder und solche von zuvor nicht erwerbstatigen Personen (Arbeitslose, Hausfrauen, Rentner, usw.) zeigen wahrend des Untersuchungszeitraums eine abnehmende Beschaftigungstendenz. Dies ist weitgehend auf eine zu schwache Wachstumsdynamik dieser Gruppen von Unternehmen zuruckzufuhren, weshalb die Stellenverluste nicht kompensiert werden konnen. Demgegenuber zeigt insbesondere die Gruppe der innovativen Firmen eine auffallend starke Wachstumsdynamik, die sich auch in deutlichen Beschaftigungseffekten niederschlagt. Zum Schlus werden einige wirtschaftspolitische Implikationen der Befunde diskutiert. " (Autorenreferat, IAB-Doku)
Changing Methods and Aims in Prehistory: Presidential Address for 1935

This is the first Presidential Address to be delivered before our Society since it has become the Prehistoric Society without qualification. It seems therefore appropriate to choose in preference to any particular problem the general topic of the aims and methods of our science. The last ten years have witnessed an extraordinary increase in the data available to the prehistorian and a remarkable expansion in the field he must survey. For this very reason we have been led to a revaluation of the methods and concepts to be employed in the interpretation of our material. To arrange and classify data pouring in from every corner of the world parochial categories that worked well enough for local collections can no longer serve. Prehistoric archaeology has twin roots and a dual function; it tries on the one hand to prolong written history backward beyond the oldest literary records, on the other to carry natural history forward from the point where geology and palaeontology would leave it. In practice prehistoric remains were first systematically studied with a view to supplementing the information about Celts, Druids, Britons, Picts and Germans provided by ancient authors. But it was the union with geology after the acceptance of Boucher de Perthe's discoveries that made prehistory a science.
Work and Family - Allies or Enemies? : What Happens When Business Professionals Confront Life Choices

We've come a long way since the classic book The Organization Man first introduced the 'ideal' two-person career: a full-time male breadwinner and a stay-at-home wife. What typified the '50s good life is in stark contrast to contemporary reality: in the USA 63% of all married women with children under six years old are in the workforce and 40% of all workers are part of a dual-earner couple. Work and Family - Allies or Enemies? offers a new lens for viewing the real struggles that business professionals - particularly women - face in their daily battle to find ways of 'getting a life' and 'having it all'. Based on a pioneering study that surveyed more than 800 business professionals, this volume will help readers understand and deal with the effects of gender, professional culture, and social expectations, on the evolving roles of men and women in crafting an integrated life. In this rich, inspiring, and at times disturbing look at how work and family affect the lives of men and women trying to manage the complexities of modern living, the authors argue that it is critical to learn how to manage the boundaries between work and family, to handle ambiguity, to manage multiple tasks simultaneously, and to build networks of support at work and in the community. Work and Family - Allies or Enemies? offers a prescription for success that requires that all parties - individuals, employers, and society - clarify what is important, recognize and support the whole person, and continually experiment with new ways to achieve meaningful goals.
Alzheimer’s Disease Is Associated with a Low Prevalence of Hypertension

Background/Aim: Dementia is one of the most common health problems in the world. Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is the most common form of dementia. The relation between blood pressure (BP) and dementia has been the subject of numerous epidemiological studies, and midlife hypertension (HT) is a risk factor for AD. The association between BP and risk of dementia is lower in the older population. The aim of this study was to examine the association between the prevalence of HT and AD in elderly individuals. Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 193 patients with AD and 1,860 patients with normal cognitive function were evaluated. Results: The prevalence of HT was lower in the AD group (60.6 vs. 70.5%; p = 0.005). In multivariate analysis, AD was found to be negatively correlated with HT (OR = 0.649; 95% CI 0.461–0.916). Conclusion: The prevalence of HT was lower in patients with AD compared to subjects without AD. Physicians who deal with AD patients must keep in mind that the need for antihypertensive medication may decline during the dementia process.
Crack Cocaine Mimicking Pulmonary Embolism on Pulmonary Ventilation/Perfusion Lung Scan A Case Report: A Case Report

Cocaine inhalation is associated with multiple pulmonary complications including pulmonary infiltrates, pulmonary edema, barotrauma, tracheal injury, and alveolar hemorrhage. Little has been reported about ventilation/perfusion (V/Q) lung scanning in patients who smoke cocaine. The authors report a case of inhalation cocaine abuse mimicking pulmonary embolism by V/Q scan criteria. This case report documenting perfusion abnormalities within hours of cocaine smoking which resolved within days provides the first in vivo evidence for pulmonary vasoconstriction.
“It is not that I forget, it's just that I don't want other people to know”: barriers to and strategies for adherence to antiretroviral therapy among HIV patients in Northern Vietnam

Abstract Antiretroviral therapy (ART) started to become more widely available in Vietnam in 2005. However, up to now, very little is known about factors influencing ART adherence among people living with HIV (PLHIV) in Vietnam. This qualitative study aimed to describe factors influencing ART adherence among PLHIV in a northern province in Vietnam, and to explore possibilities of home delivery of ART. Forty-eight participants (36 men and 12 women), including patients on ART and their relatives, were divided in seven focus group discussions. The topics discussed included: adherence obstacles encountered during ART, methods patients used to enhance adherence, treatment support structures, and attitudes toward home delivery of ART. All interviews were audio-recorded, then transcribed in Vietnamese. Manual manifest and latent content analysis was applied for data analysis in order to elucidate the presence of, meaning of, and relationships between concepts in the text. Stigma was identified as a strong barrier to ART adherence, as patients feared that taking medications in the presence of other persons would lead to suspicion or inadvertent disclosure of their HIV status. In addition to desires for non-disclosure influencing PLHIV's adherence, it also shaped their attitudes toward opting for more confidential ways of receiving ART support and care. Home delivery of ART medications was seen as undesirable by participants, who feared that it might increase social stigmatization. Participants wished for more community-based support, preferably from PLHIV who had received sufficient training. Based on the results of this study, an intervention strategy using PLHIV as community-based adherence supporters is currently being evaluated in a randomized controlled trial intervention, including 640 patients in Quang Ninh, Vietnam.
Maternal complications and perinatal outcomes in booked and unbooked Nigerian mothers.

INTRODUCTION The study aimed to compare the sociodemographical characteristics, obstetrical complications and foetal outcome in delivered booked mothers and delivered unbooked mothers and to determine the correlation of maternal and perinatal outcomes. METHODS In a prospective study over a 22-month period, outcomes of pregnancies of women booked for antenatal care were compared with that of unbooked women, who delivered in our unit at the Wesley Guild Hospital, Nigeria. RESULTS 29 percent of the 1,154 deliveries in the study period comprised unbooked mothers. Compared with booked mothers, unbooked mothers had a higher tendency to be younger (29.3 +/- 6.08 vs. 31.12 +/- 4.80; p-value is less than 0.001), unmarried (9.2 percent vs. 1.8 percent; p-value is less than 0.01), with lower educational status (25.8 percent with postsecondary education vs. 58.7 percent; p-value is less than 0.01), lower social class (25.0 percent in upper class vs. 52.3 percent; p-value is less than 0.001) and with higher proportion of multipara (12.5 percent vs. 5.5 percent; p-value is less than 0.02), higher incidence of antepartum haemorrhage (odds-ratio [OR] 5.96, 95 percent confidence interval [CI] 2.53-14.29, p-value is less than 0.001), anaemia (OR 2.75, 95 percent CI 1.09-4.47, p-value is less than 0.001) and preeclampsia/eclampsia. Unbooked mothers were half as likely as booked mothers to deliver by spontaneous vaginal delivery (OR 0.45, 95 percent CI 0.29-0.71, p-value is less than 0.001) but were twice as likely to deliver preterm babies (OR 2.03, 95 percent CI 1.14-3.59, p-value is less than 0.009) and three times more likely to have babies with birth asphyxia. Perinatal and maternal mortalities were higher in unbooked mothers. CONCLUSIONS The study showed a positive correlation between unbooked mothers and an increased risk of maternal and foetal adverse outcomes.
Application of Low-Temperature Plasma Processes for Biomaterials

Physical plasma is defined as a gas in which part of the particles that make up the matter are present in ionized form. This is achieved by heating a gas leading to dissociation of the molecular bonds and subsequently ionization of the free atoms. Thereby, plasma consists of positively and negatively charged ions and negatively charged electrons as well as radicals, neutral and excited atoms and molecules (Raizer, 1997; Conrads and Schmidt, 2000). On the one hand, plasma is a natural phenomenon as more than 90 % of the universe is in the plasma state, for example in fire, in the polar aurora borealis and perhaps most importantly in the nuclear fusion reactions of the sun. On the other hand, plasma can be created artificially and has found applications in technology like plasma screens or light sources. The use of high temperature plasma for energy production is still the focus of ongoing research. For the modification of biomaterial surfaces, low temperature plasma which is sometimes also called cold plasma is used. It is characterized by a low degree of ionization at low or atmospheric pressure (Roth, 1995; Roth 2001; Hippler et al., 2008). To create low temperature plasmas, a compound is first transformed into a gas and then ionized by applying energy in the form of heat, direct or alternating electric current, radiation or laser light. Commonly used plasma gas sources are oxygen, nitrogen, hydrogen or argon. Two typical research plasma reactors for different applications are shown in Fig. 1. Depending on the nature and amount of energy, low temperature plasmas are characterized by a non-equilibrium between electron temperature and gas temperature. Thus the main parameters which define the characteristics of a plasma and thereby its applicability are its temperatures, types and densities of radicals and its level of ionization. In material science, possible applications of low-temperature plasmas include the modification of surface properties like electrochemical charge or amount of oxidation as well as attachment or modification of surface-bound chemical groups. Consequently, properties like hardness, resistance to chemical corrosion or physical abrasion, wettability, the water absorption capacity as well as the affinity toward
Genetic and clinical profiles of spondylocostal dysostosis patients in Taiwan

Genetic and Clinical Profiles of Spondylocostal Dysostosis Patients in Taiwan Chung-Hsing Wang, Wei-De Lin, Da-Tian Bau, I-Ching Chou, and Fuu-Jen Tsai* Department of Pediatrics, China Medical University and Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan Department of Medical Research, China Medical University and Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan School of Post Baccalaureate Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan Terry Fox Cancer Research Lab, China Medical University and Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
AN EXPLORATION OFTHE DEMOGRAPHIC . PROFILE OF ASAMPLE ; . OF ' HOSPIT , ALISED ANOREXIA NERVOSA PATIENTS

3 CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION 1.1 Rationale for the study 4 1.2 Aims of the study. 5 1.3 Definition of terms. 5 1.3.1 Anorexia nervosa definition and diagnostic criteria. 5 1.3.2 Culture, race and ethnicity. 6 1.3.3 Socioeconomic status and social class. 7 1.3.4 Body mass index. 8 1.4 Overview of the study 8 CHAPTER 2: LITERATURE REVIEW 2.1 The historical development of anorexia nervosa. 10' 2.2 Anorexia nervosa in a continuum of eating disturbances. 14 2.3 Epidemiology. 16 2.3.1 Incidence and prevalence rates. 16 2.3.2 Age at onset (and at admission) 19 2.3.3 Sex. 22 2.3.4 Socioeconomic status 26 2.3.5 Race. 28 2.4 Summary of the literature review. 36 CHAPTER 3: RESEARCH METHODOLOGY AND PROCEDURE 3.1 Aims of the study '" 38 3.2 Research design. 38 3.3 The sample. 39 3.4 3.5 Data collection procedures , . Data analysis procedures . 39 41 CHAPTER 4: RESULTS 4.1 A detailed description of subjects. 44 4.1.1 DSM diagnosis. 44 4.1.2 Age at admission ,. 45 4.1.3 Age at onset. 45 4.1.4 Sex 46 4.1. 5 Race 46 4.1. 6 Socioeconomic status. 46 4.1. 7 Weight 47 4.1. 8 Height. 48 4.1. 9 Body mass index. 49 4.2 Exploration of the effect of year of admission on dependent variables 49 4.2.1 Number of admissions per year. 50 4.2.2 Sex. 50 4.2.3 Race 51 4.2.4 Age at admission. 52 4.2. 5 Socioeconomic status. 54 4.2. 6 Weight. 54 4.2. 7 Body mass index . 55 4.3 Exploration of the relationship between socioeconomic status and race, sex, weight, body mass index, and age at admission, respectively . 55 4.4 Exploration of the relationship between weight and race, sex, and age at admission, respectively. 56 4.5 Exploration of the relationship between body mass index and race, sex, and age at admission, respectively. 57 4.6 Exploration of the relationship between age at onset and race, sex, socioeconomic status, body mass index, and weight, respectively. 57 4.7 Summary of results. 58 CHAPTER 5: DISCUSSION 5.1 Admission rates (1987 to 1996) . 59 5.2 Age at onset and admission. 60 5.3 Sex findings. 61 5.4 Racial findings. 62 5.5 Socioeconomic findings , 63 5.6 Weight and body mass index findings '" '" 65 5.7 Limitations of the study , 65 5.8 Implications of the study '" '" 66 5.8. 1 Implications for further research '" 67 5.9 Summary and conclusion '" '" 68 REFERENCES '" " . 70 APPENDIXA Documentation regarding approval of the research project. 79