Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Variable Effects of Biological and Environmental Processes on Coho Salmon Marine Survival in Southeast Alaska

Abstract Correlation analyses, linear regression models, and multistock mixed effects models were used to examine the relationships between coho salmon Oncorhynchus kisutch marine survival and six biological and environmental covariates across 14 southeast Alaska (SEAK) stocks. A primary focus of the study was to investigate the influence of pink salmon O. gorbuscha and chum salmon O. keta fry abundances on coho salmon marine survival. The coho salmon stocks exhibited strong covariation; 88 of the 91 pairwise comparisons among the coho salmon stocks covaried positively and 54 of them were significant (P < 0.05). Only one of the covariates, the North Pacific index, which is a measure of the Aleutian low pressure zone, had consistent relationships (positive) across all 14 stocks. The other covariates, including freshwater discharge, the Pacific decadal oscillation, sea-surface temperature, and two indices of pink salmon and chum salmon fry abundances, all had inconsistent relationships with marine survival.
Colonialism and tourism in a French territory at the southern end of the world: the case of New Caledonia

ABSTRACT At the southern end of the world, New Caledonia was annexed by France in 1853. It then became a colonial settlement. During that time, the indigenous population (Kanaks), faced racial segregation. For more than a century, its economic growth has been based on mining of nickel deposits. In this context, the development of tourism has been distinctive. I will analyse this in relation to the effects of the colonial situation. First, I will demonstrate the changing accessibility of New Caledonia by sea and air, with its regional marginalisation being due to customs assimilation with Mainland France which severely limited inbound tourism. I will then focus on the spatial and social diffusion of domestic tourism, stressing the role of the automobile and the late arrival of Kanaks in the tourism industry. Ending with outbound tourism, I will complete the analysis of New Caledonian tourism practices by identifying distinctive holiday experiences. My geo-historical approach will lead to the idea that the present distinctiveness specificity of New Caledonian tourism, which is still highly concentrated in the capital, Noumea, testifies to the maintenance of colonial legacies that prevents it from fully entering into a post-colonial dynamic in which the Kanak population would play a fundamental part.
Purification of a bacteriocin produced by Enterococcus faecium and its effectiveness for preservation of fresh-cut lettuce

The bacteriocins produced by Enterococcus species (enterocins) show considerable activity against diverse pathogens. One of these antimicrobial peptides was isolated from Enterococcus faecium E86 cultured in MRS broth for 24 h at 37°C. The antimicrobial peptide was purified by precipitation in 75% ammonium sulfate, followed by chloroform precipitation and chromatography in Dowex-50, resulting in a specific activity of 52.46 AU/ mg in a final yield of 80% and a 6-fold recovery. The enterocin was purified to homogeneity and had an apparent molecular mass of 3.5 kDa as evaluated by 18% SDSPAGE. The purified and the partial-purified enterocin were able to inhibit the proliferation of natural microbiota of fresh-cut lettuce as well as that artificially contaminated with Listeria spp. After 30 min in the presence of 0.5% acetic acid, the natural microbiota proliferation was reduced by 3 log cycles, while the enterocin in its purified or partially purified form showed an inhibition of the microbiota proliferation by 1 or 2 log cycles, respectively. These results indicate that enterocin could be used as a natural antimicrobial to reduce chemical treatment in minimally processed leafy vegetables.
GPS-based trajectory tracking technique for an unmanned hexacopter in fire-detection missions

This master thesis focuses on modeling, control and trajectory tracking of a hexacopter UAV (Unmanned Aerial Vehicle) used in fire-detection missions. A set of non-linear dynamic equations describing the motion of the hexacopter were derived. These equations were then implemented in Matlab/Simulink, which became a good simulation environment for further studies. A PID controller was successfully implemented in simulation; a linear model was used to tune the parameters of the inner PID controllers.
Humor and Fear Appeals in Animated Pedagogical Agents: An Evaluation in Aviation Safety Education

Humor and fear appeals are widely employed in traditional communication for educational purposes, but their exploitation in animated pedagogical agents has been scarcely explored. We studied the use of humor and fear appeals by a three-dimensional animated pedagogical agent that taught the same procedural knowledge in four conditions: i) humor appeal, ii) fear appeal, iii) humor, and fear appeal together, and iv) no emotion appeals. The agent delivered and illustrated the knowledge in an application for aviation safety education. The results of our study show that using the educational application had overall positive learning effects, regardless of the appeals used by the agent. Resort to humor and fear appeals by the agent affected instead participants’ mood, liking of the application, and perception of the agent. The paper includes a discussion of the advantages and disadvantages of using humor and fear appeals in animated pedagogical agents.
Performance Enhancement and Countermeasure for GPS Failure of GPS/INS Navigation System of UAV Through Integration of 3D Magnetic Vector

This study examined methods to enhance navigation performance and reduce the divergence of navigation solutions that may occur in the event of global positioning system (GPS) failure by integrating the GPS/inertial navigation system (INS) with the three-dimensional (3D) magnetic vector measurements of a magnetometer. A magnetic heading aiding method that employs a magnetometer has been widely used to enhance the heading performance in low-cost GPS/INS navigation systems with insufficient observability. However, in the case of GPS failure, wrong heading information may further accelerate the divergence of the navigation solution. In this study, a method of integrating the 3D magnetic vector measurements of a magnetometer is proposed as a countermeasure for the case where the GPS fails. As the proposed method does not require attitude information for integration unlike the existing magnetic heading aiding method, it is applicable even in case of GPS failure. In addition, the existing magnetic heading aiding method utilizes only one-dimensional information in the heading direction, whereas the proposed method uses the two-dimensional attitude information of the magnetic vector, thus improving the observability of the system. To confirm the effect of the proposed method, simulation was performed for the normal operation and failure situation of GPS. The result confirmed that the proposed method improved the accuracy of the navigation solution and reduced the divergence speed of the navigation solution in the case of GPS failure, as compared with that of the existing method.
The role of mega-sports event experience and host city experience in explaining enjoyment, city image, and behavioral intentions

ABSTRACT This study used the experiential approach and cognition-affect-conation model approach to examine the effects of tourists’ mega-sports event experience and host city experience on the host city image, enjoyment of mega-sports event, enjoyment of the host city, and behavioral intentions (recommendations and revisit). Data were collected using an online questionnaire from 422 US tourists who attended the 2016 Summer Olympics in Rio de Janeiro. The results support the conceptual model and the relevance of introducing the affective component in the management of mega-sports events.
Microfungus communities of Japanese beech logs at different stages of decay in a cool temperate deciduous forest

Fallen logs of Japanese beech (Fagus crenata Blume) at various stages of decomposition were sampled from a cool temperate deciduous forest in Japan and studied for differences in the associated microfungus communities. Wood samples were directly plated onto each of two different media for the identification of fungal species. Approximately 1500 isolations were made, which represent 96 species of filamentous microfungi, consisting of 16 zygomycetes and 80 anamorphic ascomycetes. The number of species per log (α-diversity) increased with log decomposition, while dissimilarity of species composition among logs (β-diversity) showed a unimodal response with the optimum at the intermediate decay stage. The water content and nitrogen concentration of the wood were positively correlated, while the lignocellulose index and relative density were negatively correlated with α-diversity. Stepwise regression models suggested that lignocellulose index was the single most important determinant of variation in α-diversity.
Marketing Processed Organic Foods: The Impact of Promotional Message Framing (Vice Vs. Virtue Advertising) on Perceptions of Healthfulness

ABSTRACT The study shows that the perceived healthfulness of processed organic foods, compared to their conventional counterparts, can be altered by slight variations in how promotional messages are framed. A sample of US organic shoppers (N = 375) was exposed to advertisements promoting processed organic (and processed conventional) foods by highlighting either virtue or vice aspects of the products. An interaction between the type of processed food (organic, non-organic) and the type of promotional message (vice, virtue) was observed. Processed organic foods were perceived as more healthful than non-organic equivalents only when advertisements emphasized vice-related aspects of the product. Following exposure to virtue-framed advertisements, organic and non-organic products were seen as equally healthful. The result was replicated conceptually using different vice and virtue products, rather than framing the same product as virtue and vice. The paper concludes by presenting theoretical, practical, and methodological implications of the design and reported findings.
Duration, song section, entropy: Suggestions for a model of rapid music recognition processes

In an online study, N = 517 participants rated 48 very short musical stimuli comprised of well-known pop songs with regard to arrangement parameters and cross-modal variables. Identification rates for songs and artists ranged between 0-7%. We observed associations between increasing stimulus durations as well as structural sections (chorus or verse) and detection rates. Analyses of the cross-modal variables revealed a main factor, representing the perceived ‘orderliness' of a plink as a strong predictor for title recognition. When psychoacoustic low-level features were entered, Spectral Entropy became the main predictor. The presence of a singing voice additionally seemed to facilitate recognition processes.
The challenge of clinical adoption—the insurmountable obstacle that will stop machine learning?

Machine learning promises much in the field of radiology, both in terms of software that can directly analyse patient data and algorithms that can automatically perform other processes in the reporting pipeline. However, clinical practice remains largely untouched by such technology. This article highlights what we consider to be the major obstacles to widespread clinical adoption of machine learning software, namely: representative data and evidence, regulations, health economics, heterogeneity of the clinical environment and support and promotion. We argue that these issues are currently so substantial that machine learning will struggle to find acceptance beyond the narrow group of applications where the potential benefits are readily evident. In order that machine learning can fulfil its potential in radiology, a radical new approach is needed, where significant resources are directed at reducing impediments to translation rather than always being focused solely on development of the technology itself.
Culture and Healthy Lifestyle: Factors Influencing the Decision to Buy Quinoa in the City of Latacunga in Cotopaxi Province, Ecuador

ABSTRACT This research aimed to determine the factors that influence people’s decision to purchase quinoa, with emphasis on culture and healthy lifestyles, in the urban parishes of the city of Latacunga. The data were analyzed by first considering contrasting hypotheses of means or proportions between consumers and non-consumers of quinoa or its derivatives; second by estimating a probabilistic model to identify the variables that determine consumer probability; and finally by defining the profile and purchase habits of those who claim to prefer cookies and bread, using an association analysis and contingency tables. The results indicate that more than half of the households consume quinoa, mainly in the form of pearl grain, and in its derived form (flour). Moreover, the decision to buy quinoa is linked to people’s knowledge of its nutritional benefits, and its consumption is additionally influenced by cultural and traditional aspects.
Contested territories: English teachers in Australia and England remaining resilient and creative in constraining times

ABSTRACT Globally teachers are experiencing reductions to their autonomy and constraints on their professional practice through legislative impositions of limiting standards, external testing and narrowing curricula. This study explores the ways English educators find a balance between these external expectations, contemporary pressures, professional aspirations, and personal values. It was a qualitative investigation into the perceptions shared by thirty-three English teachers from New South Wales, Australia and across England. A significant gap now exists between the ways English teachers conceive their subject, their purposes and the nature of their work, and that determined by regulation, formalised curriculum and accreditation requirements. The enduring resilience of these teachers is revealed but also the corrosive structural effects produced by narrowly focused, neoliberal policies especially in relation to high stakes testing. However, the research demonstrates how certain English teachers remain remarkably resilient – retaining autonomy where they can – and we define this attribute as ‘adaptive agency’.
Morphological Characteristics and Body Composition of Elite Soccer Players in Montenegro

The aim of this research was to determine the differences among the soccer players of three the most successful clubs in Montenegro, FC Buducnost, FC Mladost and FC Sutjeska in a terms of morphological characteristics and body composition. A sample of 70 subjects was divided into three sub-samples. The first sub-sample of the subjects consisted of 30 players of FC Bu ducnost of the average age 22.73 ±4.33, the champions of Montenegro in the season 2016/17, the other sub-sample consisted of 17 players of FC Mladost of the average age of 24.59 ±4.66, the vice champions of the Montenegrin Championship in the season 2016/17, and the last subsample of the examinees consisted of 23 players of FC Sutjeska of the average age 21.69 ±4.30, the champions of the Cup of Montenegro in the season 2016/17. Soccer players were tested immediately after the end of the competition season 2016/17. Morphological characteristics in the body composition were evaluated by a battery of 11 variables: body height, body weight, body mass index, f t percentage, muscle mass, bone mass, waist circumference, triceps skinfold, biceps skinfold, skinfold of the back and abdominal skinf ld. Data were analyzed using SPSS and the descriptive statistics were expressed as a mean (SD) for each variable. The significance of the differences between the players of the three the most successful soccer clubs in the morphological characteristics and variable s for assessing body composition were determined by ANOVA and LSD Post Hoc test. ANOVA test found that the soccer players of the thre e mentioned clubs have statistically significant differences by the two variables that estimate the fat percentage and skinfold o f the back. LSD Post Hoc test found that the soccer players of FC Sutjeska are significantly better in these variables than other players.
E-Shopping Cart Android Application for Shopping Malls

Nowadays everyone uses mobile devises, as people are able to use internet everywhere. Many enterprises uses mobile applications to attract mobile users. In traditional shopping in shopping malls we have to wait in the long queue to make payment. The proposed application can read the barcode(s) of the product(s) & add it to the shopping cart in the application. It provides module to change the quantity of product/s purchased and edit the list. Payment can be according to customer convenience. After adding the products to the list and after doing the shopping the application will generate the QR-code for the purchase. After that the QR-Code can be scanned at billing counter and the bill will be generated. The proposed application can reduce human efforts and can be used very easily while shopping in malls.
Race/Ethnic Differences in Social Resources as Cognitive Risk and Protective Factors

Overall social network size, often the sum of common lifetime relationships, including children, family, and friends, has been linked to cognitive impairment and Alzheimer’s Disease. However, little research has examined the association between network size composition and cognitive function in middle-aged and older adults in the context of race/ethnicity. We investigated the associations between the number of close children, family, and friends independently with executive function (EF) and memory across a subsample of non-Hispanic Black, Hispanic, and non-Hispanic White participants who completed the Health and Retirement Study Harmonized Cognitive Assessment Protocol (N = 2,395). We found that network size composition was more closely linked to EF than memory and that these associations varied by race/ethnicity. Specifically, the strongest associations existed between EF and quadratic estimates of the number of close children of non-Hispanic Black participants, and number of close family members for Hispanic participants. Among Black participants, a curvilinear relationship indicated that two close children were associated with greater EF, while a smaller or larger number of close children were associated with lower EF. On the other hand, among Hispanic participants, higher EF was associated with fewer (0–1) and greater (4-5+) numbers of family member contacts. Overall, these results indicate that examining children, family, and friends independently may be more useful than the common practice of aggregation of overall network size, especially in the context of race/ethnicity.
Including Neuroscience in Social Work Education: Introducing Graduate Students to the Neurosequential Model of Therapeutics

ABSTRACT To fill a gap in research on the incorporation of neuroscience in social work education, this article describes Master of Social Work (MSW) student and alumni experiences learning a neuroscience-informed model for practice with clients who have endured developmental trauma. The Neurosequential Model of Therapeutics (NMT) is a clinical decision-making tool that provides an estimate of how a client’s current neurobiological functioning may have been impacted by trauma during the developmental period in order to inform the selection and sequencing of interventions. MSW students and alumni participated in focus groups exploring their perspectives on learning the NMT, the utility of the model in their work, and the fit between the model and social work theory and practice. Participants found the model helpful in conceptualizing client cases and applicable to their work, but challenging to implement due to others’ lack of familiarity with the model, and insufficient infrastructure. These findings suggest the NMT may be a valuable tool for teaching neuroscience within schools of social work.
An experimental investigation of scan trajectory into the underwater femtosecond laser polishing SiC ceramic

Abstract Silicon carbide (SiC) ceramics, due to their excellent mechanical properties and oxidation resistance at elevated temperature, have a widespread application in microelectronics and aerospace. However, the machining of SiC ceramics into the desired structural ceramic components presents a challenge because of their high hardness and high brittleness. In this paper, a novel method of underwater femtosecond laser polishing SiC ceramics was proposed. We investigated the influence of scan trajectory, such as scanning pitch and polishing mode, and femtosecond laser pulse energy on surface roughness and polishing depth during underwater polishing processing. The experimental results indicated that the polishing depth decreased with the increasing scanning pitch, and then tending to saturate. A deep cavity was obtained under the condition of high laser pulse energy and small scanning pitch during polishing. However, the obtained surface quality was rough at this condition, which could be used for rough polishing operation because the high material removal rate is the primary concern. In addition, the cross-scanning polishing mode achieved the better surface quality without cracks and pits than the transverse polishing mode, but the polishing efficiency was low. In addition, under appropriate machining conditions, the smooth polished surface with surface roughness 0.76 µm was obtained by using 15 µm scanning pitch together with high laser pulse energy and cross-scanning polishing mode.
Landscape partitioning and spatial inferences of competition between black and grizzly bears

Population effects of competition between large carnivore species may be evident by contrasting actual distributions of putative competitors against predictions of inherent landscape quality for each species. Such comparison can be insightful if covariation with external factors known to influence the occurrence, density, or persistence of each species over space and time can be controlled. We used systematically-distributed DNA hair-trap stations to sample the occurrence of black bears Ursus americanus and grizzly bears U arctos across 5496 km2 in southeastern British Columbia, Canada. We describe interspecific landscape partitioning according to terrain, vegetation and landcover variables at 2 spatial scales. We developed multivariate models to predict the potential distribution of each species. At sampling site-session combinations that detected either species, we then investigated whether the expected or actual occurrence of each influenced the likelihood of detecting the other while controlling for human influence and inherent landscape quality. Black bears were more likely than grizzly bears to occur in gentle, valley bottom terrain with lower proportions of open habitats. Each species also was detected less frequently with the other species than predicted by their respective models; however, the strength of this relationship decreased as landscapes became more characteristic of black bear habitat. As landscapes showed higher inherent potential to support grizzly bears, black bears occurred more than model prediction in areas with higher human access and proximity to major highways but less in national parks. As potential to support black bears increased, grizzly bears occurred more than model prediction only in national parks and less with increasing human access and proximity to major highways. Results suggest that competition is occurring between the species, and that the differential response of each species to human disturbance or excessive mortality may influence the outcome and hence landscape partitioning. Moreover, black bears are more likely to benefit from human encroachment into landscapes of high inherent value for grizzly bears than vice versa. Conservation implications relate to potential mediating effects of habitat and human influence on competitive interactions between the species.