Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Study on an optimal controlled islanding scheme based on active semi-supervised spectral clustering algorithm

Controlled islanding is a timely process which can split the power system into electrical islands in place based on the real-time operating condition and fault information. The key to avoid the collapse of the system is how to locate the out-of-step splitting sections rapidly and accurately. However, with the larger system scale, the computation complexity of optimal controlled islanding is increasing geometric exponentially which has to be faced with NP-hard problem. This paper proposes an active semi-supervised clustering algorithm (ASSC) to solve the problem. Firstly, the model for optimal controlled islanding of power systems is constructed with the minimal composite power-flow disruption as the objective function and generator coherency got from the active learning strategy as the supervised constraint which is suited to be clustered. Secondly, the solving process can be transformed into the relaxation solution of constraint spectral clustering aimed at partition of the static graph. Finally, the optimal controlled islanding schedule can be selected based on the improved K-means algorithm. The computation efficiency can be improved without losing the power grid possible solution. Moreover, the accuracy, effectiveness and rapidity are verified in the simulations of IEEE 118 standard system and Sichuan Province and Chongqing City Power Grid.
Kanserli Çocuklarda Oral Mukozit İçin Kullanılan Kanıta Dayalı Yöntemler: Sistematik Derleme

GIRIŞ ve AMAC: Bu calisma, kanserli cocuklarda gelisen oral mukozitin (OM) onlenmesi ve tedavi edilmesi icin kanita dayali uygulamalarin kullanildigi arastirmalarin incelenmesi amaciyla yapilmistir. YONTEM ve GERECLER : Taramalar Ankara Universitesi Kutuphane ve Dokumantasyon Daire Baskanligi’nin veri tabanlari (Medline, OVID, EBSECOhost, Science Direct, Ulakbim Ulusal Veri Tabanlari) uzerinden Agustos 2017- Şubat 2018 tarihleri arasinda yapilmis, arastirmalar hemsirelik ve saglik bakim hizmetlerinde kanit temelli uygulama rehberi kanit listesi kullanilarak degerlendirilmistir. BULGULAR : Kanserli cocuklarda OM’nin onlenmesi ve tedavisinde kullanilan 14 farkli yontemi inceleyen 32 calismaya rastlanmis ve bu calismalarin %62,5’inin randomize kontrollu, %21,8’inin ise randomizasyonun olmadigi deney kontrollu yontemle yapildigi saptanmistir. Incelenen makalelerin, cogunda kullanilan yontemlerin OM semptomlarinin yonetiminde etkili oldugu bulunmus, bazi yontemlerin calisma sonuclarinin birbirini desteklemedigi gorulmustur. TARTIŞMA ve SONUC : Kanserli cocuklarda gelisen OM’nin onlenmesi ve tedavi edilmesi icin cok sayida yontem kullanilmaktadir. Ancak, kanit olusturacak calisma sayisinin az olmasi ve kanitlarin tutarsiz olmasi OM icin standart bir agiz bakim protokolu olusturulmasini engellemektedir.
Entropy driven absolute negative pressure systems for the future of electric power

The world around us contains an abundant supply of ambient heat with the average temperature of our planet being approximately 289K. Since the age of Hero of Alexandria, we have relied on use of absolute positive pressure, that is δS/δV > 0, (where S is entropy and V is volume) systems to power our societies. Absolute positive pressure systems, whether Carnot or Sterling are energy dissipative systems which can't efficiently extract heat energy. The key is not to extract this heat (Bose energy) but to directly convert/transfer it at cryogenic temperatures to a magnetic field and usable DC electric current (Fermi Energy), using absolute negative pressure systems (i.e., δS/δV <; 0). These are entropy driven energy collective systems which transfer vast quantities of Bose energy to Fermi energy. The transmission of resultant Fermi Energy across the cryogenic to ambient temperature gradient does not incur the loss normally associated with the transmission of Bose energy across the same temperature gradient. Further, because of the vast quantities of Bose to Fermi energy conversion that occurs, these systems are self sustaining at their cryogenic operating temperatures. This paper will discuss the physical and scientific principles, and associated engineering and technologies of absolute negative pressure systems that could be used and developed to provide new sources of energy.
Impacto de las transferencias condicionadas sobre el mercado de crédito : el caso de Familias en Acción en Colombia

Se estima un modelo de regresion discontinua para identificar el efecto del programa de transferencias condicionadas Familias en Accion sobre el acceso al credito del sector financiero formal en los hogares beneficiarios del area urbana. Se encuentra que el acceso al credito se incrementa en 3.5 pp, esto es, un 15% en relacion a la probabilidad de tener credito entre los hogares no beneficiarios del programa. El credito en bancos se incrementa en 2.35 pp, esto es, un 11.7% en relacion al grupo de control, y, los hogares beneficiarios tienen credito con el sector financiero formal 0.44 trimestres mas que los hogares no beneficiarios, esto es, 1.3 (14.2%) meses adicionales. Por genero, serian las mujeres que viven en hogares beneficiarios del programa, quienes gracias al mismo tienen un acceso al credito 5.3 pp superior, esto es, una probabilidad un 50% mayor de tener un credito que las mujeres en hogares no beneficiarios del programa. Respecto a la tasa de interes pagada por los creditos con el sector financiero formal, los hogares beneficiarios pagan una tasa de interes 1.5 pp inferior a la que pagan los hogares no beneficiarios, esto es, una tasa 6% por debajo que la pagada por hogares no beneficiarios. No obstante lo anterior, el monto promedio de los creditos no tiene un diferencial importante entre hogares beneficiarios y no beneficiarios del programa FA en el area urbana.
Ecology and evolution of mycophagous bark beetles and their fungal partners.

Introduction Associations between bark beetles (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Scolytinae, or family Scolytidae, depending on the classification used, Bright 1993; Marvaldi et al. 2002) and fungi are varied and well known, but mycophagy (fungal feeding) by bark beetles has received relatively little attention. This may be due to the rarity or relative unimportance of fungal feeding by bark beetles, which feed in a nutrient-rich substrate, the inner bark of trees, or it may be due to a bias in research towards the possible importance of plant pathogenic fungi carried by a few coniferous bark beetles. The best studied of the more than 3500 species of bark beetles (Wood 1982; Farrell et al. 2001) construct their egg galleries in the inner bark (secondary phloem) of living trees, especially conifers in the family Pinaceae (Raffa et al. 1993). These bark beetles kill their host and are among the most economically important of forest insects. Although much has been said about the role of fungi in aiding bark beetles in killing their tree hosts, there are inconsistencies in such associations (Harrington 1993b; Paine et al. 1997), and mycophagy may be the more important symbiosis between some of the most important tree-killing bark beetles and fungi. Other species of bark beetles feed in thin-barked branches or treetops and also exploit fungi to supplement their diet. Probably all bark beetles feed at least briefly on plant tissue colonized by fungi and could thus be considered mycophagous. However, I am here restricting the term mycophagy to grazing by larvae or young adults on fungal spores, fruiting structures or hyphae (Lawrence 1989) on the surface of galleries or pupal chambers. Mycophagy does not appear to be obligatory for bark beetles, but I hypothesize that fungal feeding allows for more efficient use of the inner bark and gives these bark beetles a competitive edge over other species of bark beetles and phloeophagous (phloem feeding) wood borers. This scenario is consistent with the hypothesized evolution of xylomycetophagous (wood and fungal feeding) ambrosia beetles from phloeophagous bark beetles (Farrell et al. 2001). Mycophagy appears to have evolved many times in the bark beetles, as it has in the xylem-feeding ambrosia beetles (Farrell et al. 2001). There are also parallels and interesting contrasts between mycophagous bark beetles and ambrosia beetles in the way they carry their fungal symbionts, the range of fungi that have been exploited by the beetles, and the morphological adaptations that some of the fungi have made to maintain the symbioses.
Coefficient of thermal expansion and elastic modulus of thin films

The coefficient of thermal expansion (CTE), biaxial modulus, and stress of some amorphous semiconductors (a-Si:H, a-C:H, a-Ge:H, and a-GeCx:H) and metallic (Ag and Al) thin films were studied. The thermal expansion and the biaxial modulus were measured by the thermally induced bending technique. The stress of the metallic films, deposited by thermal evaporation (Ag and Al), is tensile, while that of the amorphous films deposited by sputtering (a-Si:H, a-Ge:H, and a-GeCx:H) and by glow discharge (a-C:H) is compressive. We observed that the coefficient of thermal expansion of the tetrahedral amorphous thin films prepared in this work, as well as that of the films reported in literature, depend on the network strain. The CTE of tensile films is smaller than that of their corresponding crystalline semiconductors, but it is higher for compressive films. On the other hand, we found out that the elastic biaxial modulus of the amorphous and metallic films is systematically smaller than that of their crystalline c.
HIV prevalence, risk behaviors, health care use, and mental health status of transgender persons: implications for public health intervention.

OBJECTIVES This study described HIV prevalence, risk behaviors, health care use, and mental health status of male-to-female and female-to-male transgender persons and determined factors associated with HIV. METHODS We recruited transgender persons through targeted sampling, respondent-driven sampling, and agency referrals; 392 male-to-female and 123 female-to-male transgender persons were interviewed and tested for HIV. RESULTS HIV prevalence among male-to-female transgender persons was 35%. African American race (adjusted odds ratio [OR] = 5.81; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 2.82, 11.96), a history of injection drug use (OR = 2.69; 95% CI = 1.56, 4.62), multiple sex partners (adjusted OR = 2.64; 95% CI = 1.50, 4.62), and low education (adjusted OR = 2.08; 95% CI = 1.17, 3.68) were independently associated with HIV. Among female-to-male transgender persons, HIV prevalence (2%) and risk behaviors were much lower. Most male-to-female (78%) and female-to-male (83%) transgender persons had seen a medical provider in the past 6 months. Sixty-two percent of the male-to-female and 55% of the female-to-male transgender persons were depressed; 32% of each population had attempted suicide. CONCLUSIONS High HIV prevalence suggests an urgent need for risk reduction interventions for male-to-female transgender persons. Recent contact with medical providers was observed, suggesting that medical providers could provide an important link to needed prevention, health, and social services.
Differential expression of microRNAs and their predicted targets in renal cells exposed to amphotericin B and its complex with copper (II) ions

Abstract MicroRNAs (miRNAs) have been reported to regulate essential biological processes, and their expression was shown to be affected by pathological processes and drug-induced toxicity. Amphotericin B (AmB) can cause liver and kidney injury, but a recently developed complex of AmB with copper (II) ions (AmB–Cu2+) exhibits a lower toxicity to human renal cells while retaining a high antifungal activity. The aim of our study was to assess AmB–Cu2+-induced changes in the miRNA profile of renal cells and examine which biological processes are significantly affected by AmB–Cu2+. We also aimed to predict whether differentially expressed miRNAs would influence observed changes in the mRNA profile. miRNA and mRNA profiles in normal human renal proximal tubule epithelial cells (RPTEC) treated with AmB–Cu2+ or AmB were appointed with the use of microarray technology. For differentially expressed mRNAs, the PANTHER overrepresentation binomial test was performed. miRNA target interactions (MTIs) were predicted using the miRTar tool. The mRNA profile was much more strongly affected than the miRNA profile, in both AmB–Cu2+- and AmB-treated cells. AmB–Cu2+ influenced both the miRNA and mRNA profiles much more strongly than AmB. The most affected biological processes were intracellular signal transduction (AmB–Cu2+) and signal transduction (AmB). Only a few interactions between differentiating miRNAs and mRNAs were found. Changes in the profiles of genes involved in signal transduction and intracellular signal transduction may not result from interactions with differentially expressed miRNAs. Changes in the miRNA profile suggest the possible influence of tested drugs on the regulation of fibrosis via a miRNA-dependent mechanism.
Learning to think for speaking about space in child bilingualism

L’effet de l’âge sur l’acquisition de domaines semantiques et conceptuels constitue encore une inconnue dans la recherche sur le bilinguisme precoce. Cet article compare l’acquisition de la reference au mouvement provoque (Talmy 2000) en francais en acquisition bilingue successive et simultanee. Les verbalisations d’evenements de mouvement montrent que les deux groupes de bilingues divergent considerablement des enfants monolingues et manifestent des tendances a mi-chemin des monolingues de chaque langue. Meme si on constate un effet de l’âge, l’impact des facteurs typologiques predomine refletant une strategie de convergence. Nous proposons que ce resultat est lie a l’opacite du systeme francais ainsi qu’au chevauchement partiel avec les schemas de lexicalisation anglais.
Shwachman–Diamond syndrome (SDS) in a preterm neonate

A preterm neonate at 29‐week gestational age was born with intrauterine growth restriction, severe pancytopaenia and gross skeletal dysplasia. Antenatal screening bloods, TORCH/parvovirus tests and karyotype were unremarkable. Postnatally, he had normal microarray comparative genomic hybridization and serum B12/folate levels, and human immunodeficiency virus and cytomegalovirus polymerase chain reaction and antoimmune screening were negative. Targeted gene testing for Shwachman–Diamond syndrome (SDS) revealed the pathognomic mutation (c.183_184delTAinsCT). His postnatal clinical course was complicated by: (i) Ventilator dependency because of a combination of a pathologically compliant chest wall and preterm‐associated chronic lung disease. (ii) Progressive bone marrow failure, resulting in transfusion dependence and profound neutropenia associated with recurrent sepsis. (iii) Gastrointestinal failure and TPN dependency. (iv) Poor postnatal growth with weight/length/head circumference all <3rd centile. (v) Prognostication was complicated by the lack of published literature on the presentation of SDS in a preterm infant. However, because of inexorable progression of multiorgan failure, intensive care was withdrawn on day 54 of life. SDS is a rare autosomal recessive disorder characterised by haematological abnormalities, skeletal dysplasia and exocrine pancreatic dysfunction. Neonatal presentation is thought to be extremely rare. However, with the availability of genetic testing, it has now become clear that because of overlap in clinical presentation, term‐born infants with skeletal dysplasia and severe respiratory distress may initially be misdiagnosed as asphyxiating thoracic dystrophy. This case report highlights the complexities of preterm birth complicating clinical manifestations of SDS.
Reinforcement learning to train a cooperative network with both discrete and continuous output neurons

We propose a reinforcement learning algorithm to train a cooperative network with both discrete and continuous output neurons based on the finding that discrete and continuous motorneurons coexist in the gill-withdrawal neural network of the sea mollusk, Aplysia. The network was trained to control an inverted pendulum. Simulation experiments showed that the two output neurons had distinct but cooperative roles: the discrete output neuron was essential for fast learning while the continuous output neuron was necessary for learning fine control. To achieve both fast learning and fine control, the shape of the sigmoid function in the continuous output neuron should be set before learning.
De l'influence de la végétation et du relief dans la simulation de la ville à l'échelle du quartier

Les modeles 3D sont des supports importants pour la conduite d’analyses urbaines quantitatives comme qualitatives. Pourtant, a l’echelle du quartier, l’influence respective des diverses composantes de l’environnement construit, qui contribuent chacune a moduler ces analyses, reste a preciser. A ce titre, la modelisation du relief et des couverts boises dans leurs divers niveaux de details, peut influer sur l’eclairement, l’ouverture de ciel ou le ressenti d’espace d’un lieu. Les resultats de la recherche montrent l’importance d’une telle modelisation pour obtenir des simulations pertinentes. Des perspectives de recherche diverses seront finalement presentees.
Efficiency calculation of wind turbine generation system with doubly-fed induction generator

This paper presents a method to calculate various losses in wind turbine generation system (WTGS) as a function of wind speed, which is based on the steady state analysis. Variable speed WTGS using a doubly-fed induction generator (DFIG) and power converters (inverter and converter) is mainly considered in this paper. By using the proposed method, wind turbine power, generated power, generator losses, gearbox loss, power converter losses and energy efficiency can be calculated quickly. Moreover, annual energy production and capacity factor of the wind farm can be obtained by using the wind speed characteristic expressed by Weibull distribution function. Therefore, if the Weibull distribution function of wind speed is available, we can calculate the annual energy production without using real annual wind speed data. Using the data of Weibull distribution function of some different areas, capacity factor of each area is calculated and compared with those of other types of WTGSs such as Permanent Magnet Synchronous Generator (PMSG) and Squirrel-Cage Induction Generator (IG).
A Displacement Structure Approach to List Decoding of Reed-Solomon and Algebraic-Geometric Codes ∗

Using the method of displacement we shall develop a unified framework for derivation of efficient list decoding algorithms for algebraic-geometric codes. We will demonstrate our method by accelerating Sudan’s list decoding algorithm for Reed-Solomon codes [22], its generalization to algebraicgeometric codes by Shokrollahi and Wasserman [21], and the recent improvement of Guruswami and Sudan [8] in the case of Reed-Solomon codes. The main problem we study in this paper is that of efficiently finding nonzero elements in the kernel of a structured matrix. The structure of such an × nmatrix allows it to be “compressed” toαn parameters where the so-called displacement rankα is usually a small constant. The compressed representation is obtained by applying to the original matrix a displacement operator, a technique that allows us to derive fast efficient algorithms. In particular, we can find a PLU -decomposition of the original matrix in time O(αn2), which is quadratic inn for constantα. We will describe appropriate displacement operators for matrices that occur in the context of list decoding, and apply our general algorithm to them. For example, we will obtain algorithms that use O(n2`) andO(n7/3`) operations over the base field for list decoding of Reed-Solomon codes and algebraic-geometric codes from certain plane curves, respectively, wherè is the length of the list. Assuming that ` is constant, this gives algorithms of running time O(n2) and O(n7/3), which is the same as the running time of conventional decoding algorithms. We will also sketch methods to parallelize our algorithms. ∗This work was supported by NSF grant CCR 9732355.
Retention, transfer out and loss to follow-up two years after delivery in a cohort of HIV+ pregnant women in Malawi

In this study, we analysed in a cohort of pregnant women followed for two years the proportion of women remaining at the same clinic, those who transferred to other clinics, and those lost to follow-up. The possible determinants of the loss to follow-up were also assessed in a setting of postpartum discontinuation based on CD4+ count. A total of 311 pregnant women received antiretroviral therapy from week 25 of gestational age until six months postpartum (end of breastfeeding period), or indefinitely if meeting the criteria for treatment (baseline CD4+ <350 cells/mm3). Twenty-four months after delivery, six women had died, 247 were in active follow-up, 21 had transferred to another antiretroviral therapy clinic and 37 were lost to follow-up (rate of loss to follow-up 13%, 95% CI 9.1–16.9%). The presence of a baseline CD4+ count above 350 cells/mm3 was associated with a ten-fold higher risk of loss to follow-up after six months of delivery (hazard ratio: 9.8, 95% CI 2.2–42.7, for baseline CD4 >350 cells/mm3 versus baseline CD4+ count below 350 cells/mm3, p = 0.002). This finding suggests that discontinuation of drugs when the risk of transmission has ceased can have a negative impact on the retention in care of these women.
Influence maximization in noncooperative social networks

In this paper, we consider the problem of maximizing information propagation with noncooperative nodes in social networks. We generalize the linear threshold model to take node noncooperation into consideration and provide a provable approximation guarantees for the noncooperative influence maximization problem. We propose an analytical model based on the generalized maximum flow problem to characterize the noncooperative behavior of an individual node in maximizing influence. Based on this, we develop a new seed node selection strategy, under the linear threshold model, to account for user noncooperativeness. Extensive simulations on large collaboration networks show that our proposed flow-based strategy outperforms the weighted degree scheme under various noncooperative scenarios. The evaluation also validates the importance of cooperation and incentives in maximizing influence.