Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
CEREBRAL DOMINANCE IN CASES OF READING DISABILITY

In an extensive review of the literature on reading disability Hallgren (1950) finds a consensus of opinion among most authors that the incidence of severe cases of dyslexia among otherwise normal school-children is about 1% ; and this agrees well with the most recent findingin this country, reported in the Ministry of Education (1950) pamphlet " Reading Ability ", that 1-4% of children leaving school were illiterate. Hinshelwood (1917) described individual cases of this disability under the designation "congenital word blindness ", but it was Orton (1937) who attracted attention to the disturbances of lateral dominance in the patients he studied. (I am inclined to subscribe to Orton's and Hallgren's criticism of this term, and to agree with the latter that the diagnosis " specific dyslexia " is suitably obscure, adequately descriptive, and carries no theoretical implications.) Orton observed that hand or eye preferences were often not consistently unilateral; and set up the hypothesis that "the existence of demonstrable mixtures between right and left motor preferences . implies that comparable intergrading may exist between the critical areas for the various fractions of the language faculty in the two hemispheres of the brain, thus giving rise to a series of developmental disorders in language" (1937). These disorders arise because "learning to read . entails the elision of one of the two antitropic records or engrams (in opposite hemispheres), and faulty or incomplete elision would result in uncertainty in mnemonic recall of orientation and progression" (1943). Subsequently, a number of investigations has been reported of the lateral preferences of dyslexic children, the evidence in some cases supporting, and in others opposing, Orton's interpretation. Although not confirmed by Hallgren's investigation, perhaps the most consistent observation has been that a high proportion of these patients show a left-eye preference (Macmeeken, 1939) or cross dominance, right-handed but left-eyed (Harris, 1947). Some authors (e.g. Wile, 1942; Blau, 1946) contend that right-eye dominance is more conducive to the left-
Enhancing the sexual function of women living with chronic pain: a cognitive-behavioural treatment group.

BACKGROUND Chronic pain significantly impacts women's quality of life in the domain of sexual function. Treatment aimed at improving the sexual function of women living with chronic pain is minimal or absent within an interdisciplinary rehabilitation pain program. OBJECTIVE To evaluate a cognitive-behavioural treatment group designed to improve the sexual function of women with chronic pelvic pain, daily headache pain and neuromusculoskeletal pain within an interdisciplinary rehabilitation pain program. METHODS Participants were 47 women who attended the treatment group. A physical therapist and a psychologist facilitated the group. The participants completed a modified version of the Sexual Activity Questionnaire pregroup and at one month postgroup, and a Treatment Helpfulness Questionnaire at the final group session. RESULTS All 47 women found the treatment group helpful. Sexual function improved as evidenced by significant differences (Wilcoxon signed-rank test, P<0.05) from pregroup to postgroup on measures of enjoyment, lubrication, satisfaction after sexual activity and satisfaction with frequency. Improvements occurred despite no change in pain level during penetration or fatigue level from pregroup to postgroup. Treatment helpfulness results showed that women valued the knowledge and skills gained in the group. Qualitative findings suggest that a cognitive shift, and communication and partner involvement may be mechanisms of change for improved sexual function. CONCLUSIONS The sexual function of women with chronic pain can be significantly enhanced by a cognitive-behavioural treatment group delivered within an interdisciplinary rehabilitation pain program.
Description and Relationships of Chaetopterus pugaporcinus, an Unusual Pelagic Polychaete (Annelida, Chaetopteridae)

An extraordinary new species, Chaetopterus pugaporcinus, is described from eight specimens collected from deep mesopelagic waters off Monterey Bay, California, by remotely operated vehicles. All specimens exhibit a consistent combination of both adult and larval characteristics, leaving in question the maturity of the specimens. All specimens lack ciliated larval bands and the stout, modified chaetae (cutting spines) typically found in segment A4 of chaetopterids. If the specimens described here are larvae, they are remarkable for their size, which ranged from 10 to 21 mm total length, nearly twice the length of the largest polychaete larvae previously reported and 5 to 10 times larger than known chaetopterid larvae. Then too, their lack of segment addition prior to settlement would be atypical. If adult, they are particularly unusual in their habitat choice and body form. Morphology of the uncini and comparison to larval morphology indicated a close relationship to either Chaetopterus or Mesochaetopterus. However, the lack of cutting spines and typical adult morphology made it impossible to determine to what genus this species should be allied. Thus, we carried out the first molecular phylogenetic analysis of the Chaetopteridae in order to appropriately place and name the new species. Three partial genes were sequenced for 21 annelid species. The sequencing also provides the first molecular evidence that Chaetopterus variopedatus sensu Hartman (1959) is not a single cosmopolitan species. The question of C. pugaporcinus being a delayed larva or a genuine holopelagic chaetopterid is discussed.
Authentication in e-commerce

In online marketplaces like the Internet, both buyers and sellers face high levels of uncertainty. Concerns about security, trust, authentication, fraud, and risk of loss are often cited as among the most significant barriers to the growth of e-commerce [4]. A particularly important factor feeding the uncertainty is that traditional authentication mechanisms based on physical inspection are not feasible online. Simply automating traditional processes used in the physical marketplace cannot solve the authentication problem in e-commerce. Online authentication involves much more than the obvious identification and validation problem. We present here a comprehensive framework for online authentication which has several important practical benefits. For instance, we show that there is a significant temporal aspect to the authentication problem over the lifetime of transactional relationships. Also, we illustrate how the framework can be used to evaluate existing authentication mechanisms. This, in turn, can facilitate the development of new mechanisms and processes to better authenticate the parties, products, and processes involved in online transactions. The issue of authentication has been addressed in a variety of contexts, from secure and distributed computing to mobile systems, as well as e-commerce and autonomous computing. In most of the e-commerce literature, discussion of authentication is limited to identification and identity validation [4, 11]. Recent empirical studies on consumer attitudes towards online stores indicates that trust issues going beyond identification are of significant concern, and furthermore, that these factors are influenced by a variety of demographic and cultural factors in addition to site functionality [6, 7, 8]. Also, several models have been proposed recently for trust mechanisms for autonomous computing environments using software agents [1]. However, systematic research to build a comprehensive body of knowledge in this area is still needed.
Sarcoidosis in a patient with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome treated with interleukin-2.

Concomitant human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection and sarcoidosis is rare. Sarcoidlike reactions could belong to the "highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART)-induced immune restitution syndrome. " We report a case of sarcoidosis beginning after 2 months of interleukin-2 (IL-2) therapy in a patient with HIV who had undetectable plasmatic viral load under HAART and we discuss possible mechanisms.
New footprints from Laetoli (Tanzania) provide evidence for marked body size variation in early hominins

Laetoli is a well-known palaeontological locality in northern Tanzania whose outstanding record includes the earliest hominin footprints in the world (3.66 million years old), discovered in 1978 at Site G and attributed to Australopithecus afarensis. Here, we report hominin tracks unearthed in the new Site S at Laetoli and referred to two bipedal individuals (S1 and S2) moving on the same palaeosurface and in the same direction as the three hominins documented at Site G. The stature estimates for S1 greatly exceed those previously reconstructed for Au. afarensis from both skeletal material and footprint data. In combination with a comparative reappraisal of the Site G footprints, the evidence collected here embodies very important additions to the Pliocene record of hominin behaviour and morphology. Our results are consistent with considerable body size variation and, probably, degree of sexual dimorphism within a single species of bipedal hominins as early as 3.66 million years ago. DOI: http://dx.doi. org/10.7554/eLife.19568. 001
Fabrication of TiO2 nano-to-microscale structures using UV nanoimprint lithography

TiO2-nanoparticle-dispersed resin was prepared to form various nanoscaled structures using UV nanoimprint lithography (UV NIL). This resin—made of TiO2 nanoparticles, a monomer, solvent, and UV initiator—showed variations in refractive index depending on the nanoparticle concentration. TiO2 nano-to-microscale patterns were fabricated on various substrates such as Si wafer and glass, and even on flexible substrates, by using UV NIL, which offers advantages such as low cost, large area, and high throughput. Low-aspect-ratio, high-aspect-ratio, and microconvex patterns were fabricated using the NIL process. The optical properties of the patterns were analyzed using UV–vis spectrophotometry.
Localization of gold in mouse brain in relation to gold thioglucose obesity.

Administration of gold thioglucose led to the development of hyperphagia and obesity in mice; this confirmed findings by previous investigators. By employing neutron activation analysis and radioautography, it was observed that this syndrome was associated with focal accumulation of gold in the hypothalamus. Animals treated with gold thiomalate failed to show any hypothalamic localization of gold radioautographically or any evidence of the syndrome of hyperphagia and obesity. In addition, other foci of gold localization were found in gold thioglucose-treated but not in the gold thiomalate-treated animals. Gamma spectroscopy studies made possible quantitative measurements of the gold content in the brains of both treated groups. Gold thioglucose-treated as well as gold thiomalate-treated animals had appreciable quantities of gold in the brain proper. Phosphorus 32 generated by neutron activation of the sulfur moiety of gold thioglucose proved to be insignificant in its contribution to the radioautographic findings. Implication of the above findings for the glucostatic theory of appetite regulation is discussed.
Porokeratosis and Cutaneous Malignancy: A Review

BACKGROUND Porokeratosis is a disorder of epidermal kerntinization manifested clinically by a raised border and histologically by a cornoid lamella. While cutaneous malignancy has been reported to arise in porokeratosis, the risk remains unknown. In the past it has been associated with a history of radiation therapy. OBJECTIVE The purpose of this study is to estimate the frequency of cutaneous malignancy arising in porokeratosis and define those patients who are at highest risk. METHODS All cases in the English language literature in the last 30 years were reviewed. RESULTS Twenty‐one (7.5%) of 281 cases reported revealed a malignancy arising within porokeratosis. Large lesions, those of long‐standing duration, and the linear type were at greatest risk. Radiation therapy was an infrequently identified risk factor. CONCLUSION Porokeratosis is a premalignant condition, with certain groups of patients at greatest risk for malignant transformation.
New insights on feeding post-weaned dairy heifers.

Nutrition of post-weaned heifers is important to continue to promote the growth and development of heifers. Even though there is a lot of focus placed on feeding milk-fed calves, little research information is available regarding the best strategies for feeding post-weaned dairy heifers. As feed costs are the greatest expense for raising dairy heifers, nutritional strategies to encourage growth and development, while improving feed efficiency, will be beneficial for both the animals and heifer raisers. Numerous recently conducted research studies continue to show the importance of feeding post-weaned heifers quality, grain-based diets as a way to increase growth and improve feed efficiency. Continuing to component feed heifers as they entered the growing phase was found to be advantageous as compared to switching young heifers (~300 lb) onto a TMR feeding system. In addition, continuing to feed diets containing a higher level of grain and concentrates (60:40 grain to forage ratio) was found to improve average daily gain (ADG) and growth, while decreasing the costs per pound of gain. Further research has shown that feeding heifers diets containing greater levels of non-fiber carbohydrates (NFC) resulted in greater ADG in heifers from 12 to 28 weeks of age. Diets of post-weaned heifers are important to continue to promote the proper growth and development of these heifers to ensure that they will be ready for breeding. Introduction Even though much emphasis continues to be placed on the nutrition of milk-fed calves, these animals continue to grow and develop. Paying close attention to the diets of postweaned heifers helps to make sure they are growing at a rate to make sure that they will be ready for breeding and that they are efficiently utilizing the diets they are fed. Heifer diets are often forage-based diets that are formulated with a goal of being inexpensive. As heifers are fed for approximately 2 years without any economic return, they do comprise a significant cost for dairy operations, and heifers are usually either the second or third greatest expense for dairy herds (Heinrichs et al., 2013). As compared to lactating cattle, dairy heifers have relatively low nutrient requirements and are often fed diets with higher forage levels. However, young heifers require greater dietary nutrient concentration than older heifers and, therefore, need to be fed differently. Nutrition of dairy heifers is often talked about as a whole without referring to the age and growth stage of the heifer. Similar to lactating cows in various stages of lactation, the nutrient requirements of dairy heifers vary substantially during their 2 years of development. Although milk-fed calves have obviously different feed requirements, the nutrient requirements of
Antimicrobial activity of submicron glass fibres incorporated as a filler to a dental sealer

Two types of antimicrobial glass fibers containing ZnO and CaO, with diameters ranging from tens of nanometers to 1 µm, were successfully fabricated by a laser spinning technique. The antimicrobial performance was corroborated according to ISO 20743:2013, by using gram-negative (Escherichia coli) and gram-positive (Streptococcus oralis, Streptococcus mutans and Staphylococcus aureus) bacteria, and yeast (Candida krusei) (more than 3 logs of reduction). The metabolic activity and endosomal system of eukaryotic cells were not altered by using eluents of CaO glass submicrometric fibers and ZnO fibers at 1 : 10 dilution as cellular media (viability rates over 70%). A dental material was functionalized by embedding ZnO nanofibers above the percolation threshold (20% wt), creating a three-dimensional (3D) fiber network that added an antimicrobial profile. This new ZnO glass fiber composite is proved non-cytotoxic and preserved the antimicrobial effect after immersion in human saliva. This is the first time that a fiber-reinforced liner with strong antimicrobial-activity has been created to prevent secondary caries. The potential of developing new fiber-reinforced composites (FRCs) with antimicrobial properties opens up an extensive field of dental applications where most important diseases have an infectious origin.
The Role of the Campus Recreation Center in Creating a Community

The Student Recreation Center provides a state-of-the-art facility and a comprehensive recreation program for students, faculty, staff, alumni, and spouses. It aids in the education and development of the whole person and serves as a place of employment for students. More than just a place to exercise, the recreation center also serves as a venue for education: users develop positive self-esteem, enhance their social relationships, and improve their interpersonal skills. The recreation center provides a unique site for programs and activities aimed at meeting the needs, interests, and expectations of a diverse community. Opportunities for interaction, collaboration, and unification are essential if campuses are to develop a sense of community. Reports from the Carnegie Foundation for the Advancement of Teaching and the Wingspread Group on Higher Education serve to challenge university administrators in their struggle to create a sense of community. In as much as campus recreation centers have the capacity to engage members of the campus community in exciting, creative, and unique experiences they can provide the means to attract diverse populations. Often open 16–18 hours each day, there is no other single facility on a college campus that can provide as many varied activities with such wide appeal. Conventional programs such as intramurals, sport clubs and aerobics programs serve individuals in a variety of sports and recreational activities from basketball to scuba diving. Wellness programs offer health and educational services and outdoors recreation programs provide opportunities to develop skills for life-long enjoyment. Student recreation centers can serve as sites for day camp programs for children. Community members at large receive passes at nominal fees when student enrollment declines during the summer months. Recreation centers provide opportunities for students to interact with one another, as well as other sectors of the community. Research shows that this aids in both recruitment and retention. University administrators must continue their efforts to foster student learning and personal development. Student recreation centers can contribute significantly to that end by providing the facilities, programs, services and personnel to help meet those challenges.
owards Better Semantics in the Multifeature Querying

Nowadays the natural requirement of users is to retrieve the best answers for the criteria they have. To explain, what kind of objects user prefers, we need to know, which values of properties are suitable for the user. We assume that each property is possibly provided by an external source. Current algorithms can effectively solve this requirement, when the sources have the same ordering as the user preferences. Commonly, two users prefer different values of a given property. In this paper we describe how we can consider this feature.
Do Customers’ Intrinsic Characteristics Matter in their Evaluations of a Restaurant Service?

Abstract As the hospitality industry is shifting its focus from service to experience, customers are becoming co-creators of the perceived value of a hospitality service because experiences customers obtained when consuming a hospitality service involve the participation of the customers. Thus, more research is needed to examine the relationships among consumer’s personal factors and their evaluations of hospitality services. This study developed and tested hypotheses that examined the effects of customers’ intrinsic characteristics on their evaluations of a restaurant service. Data were collected from college students in the United States (n = 220) and China (n = 254) using a scenario approach. Findings reveal that customers’ gender, personality, and cultural background had significant effects on their evaluations of a restaurant service. Specifically, female customers rated the same service higher than male customers on the reliability dimension of service quality and overall service quality; customers with personalities of extroversion, conscientiousness, agreeableness, and openness rated the service higher than customers with neuroticism personality on the responsiveness dimension; and customers in individualistic cultures rated the service higher than those in collectivistic cultures on most of the service evaluation measures. Implications of the study’s findings are discussed.
Metastasis-Associated Gene Expression Changes Predict Poor Outcomes in Patients with Dukes Stage B and C Colorectal Cancer

Purpose: Colorectal cancer prognosis is currently predicted from pathologic staging, providing limited discrimination for Dukes stage B and C disease. Additional markers for outcome are required to help guide therapy selection for individual patients. Experimental Design: A multisite single-platform microarray study was done on 553 colorectal cancers. Gene expression changes were identified between stage A and D tumors (three training sets) and assessed as a prognosis signature in stage B and C tumors (independent test and external validation sets). Results: One hundred twenty-eight genes showed reproducible expression changes between three sets of stage A and D cancers. Using consistent genes, stage B and C cancers clustered into two groups resembling early-stage and metastatic tumors. A Prediction Analysis of Microarray algorithm was developed to classify individual intermediate-stage cancers into stage A–like/good prognosis or stage D–like/poor prognosis types. For stage B patients, the treatment adjusted hazard ratio for 6-year recurrence in individuals with stage D–like cancers was 10.3 (95% confidence interval, 1.3-80.0; P = 0.011). For stage C patients, the adjusted hazard ratio was 2.9 (95% confidence interval, 1.1-7.6; P = 0.016). Similar results were obtained for an external set of stage B and C patients. The prognosis signature was enriched for downregulated immune response genes and upregulated cell signaling and extracellular matrix genes. Accordingly, sparse tumor infiltration with mononuclear chronic inflammatory cells was associated with poor outcome in independent patients. Conclusions: Metastasis-associated gene expression changes can be used to refine traditional outcome prediction, providing a rational approach for tailoring treatments to subsets of patients. (Clin Cancer Res 2009;15(24):7642–51)