Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Test systems with synthetic peptide substrates in haemostaseology.

Since the early seventies, synthetic peptide substrates have been used in haemostaseology, enabling the introduction of photometry in coagulation analysis. Synthetic peptide substrates are short peptides (3-5 amino acid residues), with a chromogenic group coupled to the C-terminal end by an amide bond. The chromogenic group may be relatively specifically removed by proteases, and measured photometrically. By using the special properties of the many available substrates, test systems have been developed for procoagulant clotting factors, fibrinolytic factors, inhibitors of both systems and also for global tests of plasmatic coagulation. These tests can be performed manually or on automated analytical systems with high specificity, sensitivity and accuracy. The analytical advantages and new possibilities of the tests with chromogenic substrates have, in recent years, decisively stimulated not only haemostaseological basic research, but also clinical investigation and routine. Today, inhibitors of plasma coagulation (e.g. antithrombin III, protein C, C1-esterase inhibitor) as well as fibrinolytic parameters (e.g. tissue plasminogen activator, plasminogen activator inhibitor, alpha 2-antiplasmin) are nearly exclusively determined with chromogenic substrates. Further development will constitute the application of chromogenic substrates to "dry chemistry" methods.
Doença celíaca e introdução do glúten na dieta infantil: avaliação dos riscos e benefícios

Doenca celiaca (DC) e uma doenca sistemica, imunomediada, provocada pela ingestao de gluten e que ocorre em individuos geneticamente suscetiveis. O risco de inducao de DC pela dieta infantil contendo gluten, aplica-se exclusivamente a estes individuos, isto e, aqueles que apresentam pelo menos um alelo de risco para essa doenca. Como normalmente nao se sabe se a crianca se enquadra neste criterio, no momento da introducao das papinhas de cereais, as recomendacoes em relacao aos riscos e beneficios, decorrentes do modo de introducao de gluten se aplicam para todas elas. Em 2008, o Committee on Nutrition of the European Society for Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition (ESPGHAN) recomendava evitar a introducao de gluten na dieta infantil, antes de 4 meses e apos 7 meses de idade, e introduzir gluten enquanto a crianca estava sendo amamentada. Novas evidencias fizeram a ESPHIGAN revisar estas recomendacoes. Embora o aleitamento materno deva ser estimulado devido a outros grandes beneficios, nem ao aleitamento materno, nem a introducao de gluten durante a amamentacao, parece diminuir o risco de DC na infância. Gluten pode ser introduzido na dieta infantil entre 4 e 12 meses de idade. Dados de estudos observacionais apontam a associacao entre quantidade de gluten ingerida e risco de DC. Consumo de grandes quantidades de gluten deve ser evitado nas primeiras semanas, apos sua introducao na dieta, bem como durante a infância. A quantidade ideal, entretanto, nao esta estabelecida.
Transactivation by Rtg1p, a Basic Helix-Loop-Helix Protein That Functions in Communication between Mitochondria and the Nucleus in Yeast *

Rtg1p is a basic helix-loop-helix transcription factor in the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae that is required for basal and regulated expression of CIT2, the gene encoding a peroxisomal isoform of citrate synthase. In respiratory incompetent ° petite cells, CIT2 transcription is elevated as much as 30-fold compared with respiratory competent cells. Here we provide evidence that Rtg1p interacts directly with a CIT2 upstream activation site (UAS) and that the °/ regulation is not due to a change in the levels of Rtg1p. A fusion protein consisting of the DNA binding domain of Gal4p fused to the NH2 terminus of the full-length wild-type Rtg1p was able to transactivate an integrated LacZ reporter under control of the Gal4p-responsive GAL1 UAS in a °/ -dependent manner. Other Gal4p fusions to deletions or mutations of Rtg1p indicate that the helix-loop-helix domain is essential for transactivation. Regulated expression of CIT2 also requires the RTG2 gene product. The Gal4-Rtg1p fusion was unable to transactivate the LacZ reporter gene in a strain deleted for RTG2, suggesting that the RTG2 product does not act independently of Rtg1p in the °/ transcriptional response.
Ventral mesopontine projections of the caudomedial shell of the nucleus accumbens and extended amygdala in the rat: Double dissociation by organization and development

The shell of the nucleus accumbens and central division of the extended amygdala are telencephalic structures that influence motor activity and lately have been regarded by some as components of a single functional‐anatomic continuum. Each has a highly differentiated internal organization and output system and distinct pharmacologic responses however, and it is thus likely that each subserves distinct contributions to behavior. In this investigation, nucleus accumbens and extended amygdala outputs were compared by using retrograde tracing in adult and postnatal rats. Fluoro‐Gold, when injected into the ventral tegmental area, produced substantial retrograde labeling in the adult nucleus accumbens shell, but only trivial amounts in the central division of the extended amygdala. Injection sites in the lateral mesopontine tegmentum produced robust labeling in the central extended amygdala but little in the nucleus accumbens. The projections of extended amygdala were substantially developed by postnatal day 1, whereas those of the caudomedial shell of the nucleus accumbens only reached the ventral tegmental area by approximately postnatal day 6. Few neurons projecting from the caudomedial shell of the accumbens to the ventral tegmental area were observed even at postnatal day 21. In consideration of the reported importance of the nucleus accumbens, particularly the caudomedial shell, in neural processing related to reward and motivation and the central nervous system response to antipsychotic drugs, it may be important to determine whether processes occurring during the protracted postnatal development of the caudomedial shell are vulnerable to destructive circumstances, such as drug intoxication, maternal separation, or social isolation. J. Comp. Neurol. 436:111–125, 2001. © 2001 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Compassionate use of quinacrine in Creutzfeldt–Jakob disease fails to show significant effects

Quinacrine has been reported as an antiprion agent and proposed as an immediately applicable treatment for Creutzfeldt–Jakob disease (CJD). The authors report the results of an open compassionate procedure to which 32 CJD patients had access. In some genotypic subgroups, a slight but nonsignificant increase in survival was observed, likely due to biased inclusion of long-term surviving patients. There was no pathologic evidence of a beneficial effect of quinacrine treatment.
THE CONTRIBUTIONS OF TOTAL QUALITY MANAGEMENT TO A THEORY OF WORK PERFORMANCE

Based on recently proposed principles of total quality management (TQM), a system-focused perspective is considered here with regard to the determinants of work performance. The system is seen as an important source of variance affecting performance both indirectly and interactively. Moreover, the individual is seen as potentially affecting the system. Hierarchical level and autonomy are considered as key moderating variables in understanding individual versus system influences on work performance. Implications are discussed with regard to performance management processes in organizations.
Necrotizing soft tissue infections

Purpose of reviewThe purpose of this review is to consider recent advances in the definition, pathogenesis, diagnostic criteria, and treatment of necrotizing soft tissue infections. Recent findingsThe efficacy of early surgical debridement combined with antimicrobial therapy, close monitoring and physiologic support is strongly demonstrated. Novel therapeutic strategies including vacuum-assisted wound-closure therapy and intravenous immunoglobulin have been described. SummaryNecrotizing soft-tissue infection is a rare infection of the subcutaneous tissue and fascia that is often associated with sepsis and can progress rapidly with a possible fatal outcome. Although the cause is not yet understood fully, patients often have a prior history of a small, trivial trauma, wound, or scratch. Establishing the diagnosis can be the main challenge in treating patients, and knowledge of all available tools is key for early and accurate diagnosis.
THE IMPACT OF TRAFFIC-RELATED POLLUTANT ON INDOOR AIR QUALITY IN BUILDINGS NEAR MAIN ROADS

Traffic–related pollutant has been recognized as an air pollution hot spot due to its large emission rate and great health impacts for the exposed population. In the present investigation, a computational fluid dynamics technique is used to evaluate the effect of traffic pollutions on indoor air quality of a naturally ventilated building. The transport of street-level nonreactive pollutants emitted from motor vehicles into the indoor environment is simulated using the RNG k-e model of the turbulent flows and the pollutant transport equations. Three typical configurations of street canyons and six ventilation scenarios are considered. It is found that the layout of street canyon affects not only the airflow pattern but also the ventilation rates, paths and indoor air quality for that building. When the studied building is located in the street canyon with aspect rate 0.2, using the leeward cross-flow ventilation with windward upper vent can effectively lower incoming vehicle pollutants and maintain a desirable air change rate during traffic rush hours. But when the street canyon aspect rate is equal to 0.5, this ventilation mode has no significant advantage compared with other cross ventilation modes. Moreover, the leeward side vents may become a significant factor contributing to indoor concentration of traffic pollutants when the studied buildings are located in a narrow street such as aspect rate equal to 1.
Pathogenesis and the Role of ARID1A Mutation in Endometriosis-related Ovarian Neoplasms

Endometriosis-related ovarian neoplasms (ERONs) are a unique group of tumors as they are associated with endometriosis, especially endometriosis presenting as an ovarian endometriotic cyst (endometrioma). ERONs include clear cell carcinoma, endometrioid carcinoma, and seromucinous borderline tumor. A growing body of evidence from both clinicopathologic and molecular studies suggests that most, if not all, ERONs develop from endometriotic cyst epithelium through different stages of tumor progression. The endometriotic cyst contains abundant iron-induced reactive oxygen species that are thought to be mutagenic, and chronic exposure of cystic epithelium to this microenvironment facilitates the accumulation of somatic mutations that ultimately result in tumor development. Molecular analyses of ERONs, including genome-wide screens, have identified several molecular genetic alterations that lead to aberrant activation or inactivation of pathways involving ARID1A, PI3K, Wnt, and PP2A. Among all molecular genetic changes identified to date, inactivating mutations of the ARID1A tumor suppressor gene are the most common in ERON. Understanding the molecular changes and pathogenesis involved in the development of ERON is fundamental for future translational studies aimed at designing new diagnostic tests for early detection and identifying critical molecular features for targeted therapeutics.
RAPID ALLOPATRIC SPECIATION IN LOGPERCH DARTERS (PERCIDAE: PERCINA)

Abstract Theory predicts that clades diversifying via sympatric speciation will exhibit high diversification rates. However, the expected rate of diversification in clades characterized by allopatric speciation is less clear. Previous studies have documented significantly higher speciation rates in freshwater fish clades diversifying via sympatric versus allopatric modes, leading to suggestions that the geographic pattern of speciation can be inferred solely from knowledge of the diversification rate. We tested this prediction using an example from darters, a clade of approximately 200 species of freshwater fishes endemic to eastern North America. A resolved phylogeny was generated using mitochondrial DNA gene sequences for logperches, a monophyletic group of darters composed of 10 recognized species. Divergence times among logperch species were estimated using a fossil calibrated molecular clock in centrarchid fishes, and diversification rates in logperches were estimated using several methods. Speciation events in logperches are recent, extending from 4.20 ± 1.06 million years ago (mya) to 0.42 ± 0.22 mya, with most speciation events occurring in the Pleistocene. Diversification rates are high in logperches, at some nodes exceeding rates reported for well-studied adaptive radiations such as Hawaiian silverswords. The geographic pattern of speciation in logperches was investigated by examining the relationship between degree of sympatry and the absolute age of the contrast, with the result that diversification in logperches appears allopatric. The very high diversification rate observed in the logperch phylogeny is more similar to freshwater fish clades thought to represent examples of sympatric speciation than to clades representing allopatric speciation. These results demonstrate that the geographic mode of speciation for a clade cannot be inferred from the diversification rate. The empirical observation of high diversification rates in logperches demonstrates that allopatric speciation can occur rapidly.
Evaluation of a prioritization algorithm for test suite generation

Programvara skapas for att losa ett visst definierat problem. I denna process sker vanligtvis inkrementella steg mot den fardiga produkten. Nar programvara har skrivits eller andrats maste man verifiera att programvaran fortfarande ar funktionell och beter som forvantat. Denna verifiering gors vanligtvis genom regressions testning. Allt eftersom antalet tester som kors i en regressions- testsvit okar, desto langre tid tar det att exekvera. Eventuellt oonskad lang tid for utvecklarna av programvaran. Inte alla regressionstester interagerar med den nya eller andrade programvaran och darfor ar det saledes mindre nyttofulla ur ett testperspektiv. Om det ar mojligt att veta hur man ordnar regressionstestens ordning sa att testen som interagerar med den nya programvaran kommer forst i testpaketet, sa kan den forvantade tiden till aterkoppling till utvecklaren att nagot test falerar sankas. Denna tidsminskning medfor ett jamnare arbetsflode for utvecklaren. Denna uppsats undersoker en metod for att forutsaga vilka tester som ska koras forst givet de andringar som gjorts i programvaran. Den bakomliggande ideen till metoden ar att anvanda historiska testdata och andringar som gjorts i programvara for att berakna en korrelation mellan test och programvara. Denna ide testas i ett hypotesters for att avgora om det har nagon prediktiv kraft. Detta val av metod gors eftersom det ar icke-patrangande och kraver ingen instrumentering av programvaran utan endast kunskap om historiska testdata. Eventuella alternativa metoder ar begransade till vilken typ av data som finns och bestams genom datautforskning. Metoder for matning av prestanda och kvalitet bestams genom en kombination av en litteraturundersokning och intressenternas onskemal. Resultatet indikerar att detta ar en genomforbar metod.
[3H]Acetylcholine Release from the Guinea‐pig Distal Colon: Comparison with Ileal [3H]Acetylcholine Release and Effect of Adrenoceptor Stimulation

Abstract— To study cholinergic function in the guinea‐pig colon, resting and electrically evoked 3H release after preincubation with [3H] choline has been compared in colonic and ileal myenteric plexus preparations. Fractional spontaneous colonic 3H release was significantly higher than ileal 3H release, while the reverse was true for electrically evoked 3H outflow. Electrically evoked 3H outflow in the colon was linearly related to stimulation frequency (0·2–3 Hz range) and current intensity (300–600 mA range), while 3H outflow per pulse was inversely related to stimulation frequency. Electrically evoked 3H outflow was prevented in Ca2+‐free solution, indicating that it probably mirrored neuronal exocytotic [3H]acetylcholine release. Both noradrenaline and clonidine concentration‐dependently inhibited electrically evoked 3H outflow, Clonidine being more potent but less efficacious than noradrenaline. For both noradrenaline and Clonidine, the potency and efficacy for inhibition of 3H outflow were close to the values previously reported for the inhibition of electrically evoked endogenous acetylcholine output from colonic preparations. In conclusion, these data indicate that 3H release after incubation with [3H]choline is a valid alternative to measurement of endogenous acetylcholine output to study colonic cholinergic neuronal function in the guinea‐pig.
Remote Ischemic Postconditioning During Percutaneous Coronary Interventions: Remote Ischemic Postconditioning–Percutaneous Coronary Intervention Randomized Trial

Background—Remote ischemic preconditioning may result in reduction in infarct size during percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). It is unclear whether remote ischemic postconditioning (RIPost) will reduce the incidence of myocardial injury after PCI, and whether ischemic conditioning of a larger remote organ (thigh versus arm) would provide further myocardial protection. Methods and Results—We randomized 360 patients presenting with stable or unstable angina (28% of patients) and negative Troponin T at baseline to 3 groups: 2 groups received RIPost (induced by ischemia to upper or lower limb), and a third was the control group. RIPost was applied during PCI immediately after stent deployment, by three 5-minute cycles of blood pressure cuff inflation to >200 mm Hg in the arm or thigh (20 mm Hg in the control) with 5-minute breaks between each cycle. The primary end-point was the proportion of patients with Troponin T levels >3×ULN postprocedure (at 6 or 18–24 hours), where ULN stands for upper limit of normal. A total of 120 patients were randomized to each group. There were no differences in baseline characteristics between the 3 groups. The primary outcome occurred in 30%, 35%, and 35% of the arm, thigh, and control groups, respectively (P=0.64). There were no differences in creatine kinase or high sensitivity C-reactive protein levels after PCI or in the incidence of acute kidney injury between the groups. Conclusions—RIPost during PCI did not reduce the incidence of periprocedural myocardial injury. Similar effect was obtained when remote ischemia was induced to the upper or lower limb. Clinical Trial Registration—URL: http://www.clinicaltrials. gov. Unique identifier: NCT00970827.
HORTA ESCOLAR COMO PRÁTICA PEDAGÓGICA NA PROMOÇÃO DA AUTOEFICÁCIA PARA UMA ALIMENTAÇÃO SAUDÁVEL DE ESCOLARES

A horta escolar tem sido muito utilizada como pratica pedagogica, principalmente sob o enfoque da melhora da alimentacao e educacao ambiental. Autoeficacia consiste na crenca ou confianca que uma pessoa e capaz de executar um comportamento visando um resultado para seu proprio beneficio. Com o objetivo de promover a alimentacao saudavel de escolares, o presente projeto de intervencao propoe a implantacao de uma horta escolar como pratica pedagogica para o fomento de um ambiente de reflexao e aprendizado. Sera realizada em area especifica de uma escola publica estadual, sob Gerencia da Regional, GRE-Recife Sul, Pernambuco. Acredita-se que ao cuidar da horta, os escolares terao a oportunidade de compreender o ciclo vital da planta e seus beneficios enquanto serao provocados a refletirem sobre suas responsabilidades e as consequencias de seus atos sobre a sua saude e relacionamentos no contexto escolar e familiar. Os conteudos serao trabalhados a partir dos referenciais teoricos de Albert Bandura, com a Teoria Social Cognitiva e o conceito de autoeficacia, e de Paulo Freire, que preconiza o dialogo e a contextualizacao para uma aprendizagem significativa. Do exposto, defende-se a inclusao de praticas pedagogicas diversificadas que promovam cenarios em transicao para facilitar o processo ensino-aprendizagem por meio do protagonismo do aluno e que estimulem a aquisicao de comportamentos saudaveis.
Entwicklung eines Interfaces zur privacy-friendly Cookie-Einstellung

Bisherige Interfaces der Cookie-Einstellungen sind unzureichend um dem Nutzer eine informierte Entscheidung zu ermoglichen. Ziel der Studie war es ein neues Konfigurationsinterface zu entwickeln, welches die Nutzer uber die Wirkweisen von verschiedenen Cookies aufklart und die Moglichkeiten einer Einstellungs-Anderung bietet. Bestehende Meldungen wurden mit Fokusgruppen weiterentwickelt und das finale Interface in einer Online-Studie mit 37 Teilnehmern evaluiert. Es wurden fur das Interface 3 Einstellungs-Optionen herausgearbeitet, die unterschiedliche Kompromisse zwischen kurz- und langfristigem Schutz sowie moglichen Funktionalitatseinschrankungen darstellen. Die Auswertung zeigte, dass uber 75% der Teilnehmer die Einstellungen hinzu einem langfristigen Schutz andern wurde. Ein Grosteil derer, die sich gegen einen langfristigen Schutz entschieden, haben dies bewusst getan, um ihren Komfort nicht einschranken zu mussen.
Lifestyle-induced decrease in fat mass improves adiponectin secretion in obese adults.

PURPOSE Several studies have identified relationships between weight loss and adipokine levels; however, none have looked at the combined effect of aerobic exercise training with the consumption of a low- or a high-glycemic diet. We examined the effects of 12 wk of aerobic exercise combined with either a low-glycemic index diet (∼40 U) plus exercise (LoGIX) or a high-glycemic index diet (∼80 U) diet plus exercise (HiGIX) on plasma leptin and adiponectin (total and high molecular weight [HMW]) in 27 older obese adults (age = 65 ± 0.5 yr, body mass index = 34.5 ± 0.7 kg·m). METHODS Insulin sensitivity was calculated from an oral glucose tolerance test. Fasting HMW adiponectin and leptin were quantified from plasma samples obtained before the insulin sensitivity index obtained from the oral glucose tolerance test. Glucose and insulin measures were obtained before and every 30 min during the test. Dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry and computerized tomography were used to determine body composition and to quantify subcutaneous and visceral abdominal adiposity, respectively. RESULTS Fasting leptin was significantly decreased in both groups (LoGIX: preintervention = 33.8 ± 4.7, postintervention = 19.2 ± 4.5; HiGIX: preintervention = 27.9 ± 4.2, postintervention = 11.9 ± 2.2 ng·mL; P = 0.004), and HMW adiponectin was significantly increased (LoGIX: preintervention = 1606.9 ± 34.6, postintervention = 3502.3 ± 57; HiGIX: preintervention = 3704.8 ± 38.1, postintervention = 4284.3 ± 52.8 pg·mL; P = 0.003) after the 12-wk intervention. Total body fat was reduced after both interventions. Visceral fat mass was inversely correlated with HMW adiponectin, whereas subcutaneous fat correlated with leptin. CONCLUSIONS The data suggest that exercise training, independent of dietary glycemic index, favorably alters HMW adiponectin and leptin secretion and that a reduction in visceral fat mass is a key factor regulating HMW adiponectin in older obese persons.