Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Barrieren in der Prävention von Übergewicht und Adipositas bei Kindern und Jugendlichen

Zusammenfassung Obwohl aktuell über stagnierende Prävalenzraten berichtet wird, erfordert das Ausmaß von Übergewicht und Adipositas im Kindesund Jugendalter eine effektive, gesamtgesellschaftliche Präventionsstrategie. Da in Deutschland bestimmte Bevölkerungsgruppen stärker als andere von Übergewicht und Adipositas betroffen sind, können in unserer Gesellschaft nicht alle Menschen die gleichen Chancen auf die Ausübung eines gesundheitsförderlichen Lebensstils nutzen. Durch eine gezielte Zusammenführung gesundheitspolitischer Maßnahmen wäre es möglich, unsere Gesellschaft deutlich gesundheitsförderlicher zu gestalten. Der vorliegende Text verdeutlicht Barrieren, welche derzeit auf verschiedenen Ebenen im Bereich der Prävention von Übergewicht und Adipositas im Kindes- und Jugendalter existieren.
In memoriam: Fritz Sturm (13.6.1929–14.3.2015)

Am 14� März 2015 verstarb im 86� Lebensjahr Fritz Sturm, langjähriger Ordinarius für Deutsches Recht an der Universität Lausanne� Geboren wurde Sturm am 13� Juni 1929 in Konstanz� Beide Eltern waren Volljuristen: Der Vater Dr� Friedrich Sturm war Oberamtsrichter, die Mutter Hilde Sturm geb� Bott war Oberregierungsrätin� Nach dem Abitur am humanistischen Gymnasium zu Konstanz studierte Fritz Sturm Klassische Altertumswissenschaften und Rechtswissenschaften in Tübingen, Lausanne, Genf, Bologna und Heidelberg� 1952 erwarb er die schweizerische Licence en droit in Lausanne, 1954 bestand er als Erstplazierter mit der Note „sehr gut“ das Erste Juristische Staatsexamen in Heidelberg� 1957 promovierte er unter Philippe Meylan in Lausanne über den bei Cicero und in einigen Digestenstellen begegnenden Begriff ab­ alienatio1)� Aufgrund seiner perfekten Beherrschung sowohl der französischen Sprache als auch des Italienischen wurde er schon während seiner Referendarzeit als Gerichtsdolmetscher und Urkundenübersetzer vereidigt� Noch als Referendar und nach der 1960 in Stuttgart mit „gut“ bestandenen Zweiten Juristischen Staatsprüfung war er unter Hubert Niederländer Wissenschaftlicher Assistent an der Universität Heidelberg� Als Lehrbeauftragter unterrichtete er dort Digestenexegese und italienische Rechtsterminologie� Niederländer war 1956 in Heidelberg Wolfgang Kunkel nachgefolgt, der nach München gegangen war� Zu Kunkel hatte Sturm schon vorher Verbindungen angeknüpft� 1964 habilitierte er sich daher unter Kunkel in München für Römisches Recht, Bürgerliches Recht, Internationales Privatrecht und Rechtsvergleichung� Noch im selben Jahre 1964 berief ihn die Universität Lausanne als außerordentlichen Professor für Römisches Recht zum Nachfolger seines Lehrers Philippe Meylan� In Lausanne lehrte Sturm acht Wochenstunden römisches Recht als Pflichtfach und überdies zwei Stunden deutsches Recht� Seine Stellung als Extraordinarius bedurfte allerdings im zweijährigen Turnus der kantonalen Bestätigung� Angesichts dieser Un-
Water Cycle Mechanism in the Source Region of Yangtze River

Because of special geography and climate environment,the water circulation mechanism in the source of Yangtze River has a distinct characteristic.According to the features of climate,precipitation,glaciers and permafrost in the source region of Yangtze River,the mechanism of transformation among water vapor,solid water and liquid water are analyzed.Results show that despite the lack of rainfall in the source region of Yangtze River,there are huge amounts of solid water storage.Its unique characteristics of water cycle mechanism have constructed a fragile ecological system in the Yangtze River source region.Once the water cycle mechanism changes,the ecological environment will be significantly affected.
Hvidbog om arbejdsmiljørådgivning

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Clustering Stability: An Overview

A popular method for selecting the number of clusters is based on stability arguments: one chooses the number of clusters such that the corresponding clustering results are "most stable". In recent years, a series of papers has analyzed the behavior of this method from a theoretical point of view. However, the results are very technical and difficult to interpret for non-experts. In this monograph we give a high-level overview about the existing literature on clustering stability. In addition to presenting the results in a slightly informal but accessible way, we relate them to each other and discuss their different implications.
Fewer studies of athletic performance at the 2013 ACSM annual meeting

Featured Highlights with David Pyne: more thematic posters; poster and wireless quibbles; Exercise is Medicine; clinical decision making; critical power; resistance training; genetics for professionals; the human microbiome and sports performance; hypoxia reconstructed; fatigue; overtraining; nutrition. Noteworthy Abstracts with Will Hopkins: ACSM = ACEM; the usual problems with abstracts; my choice of promising strategies. Acute Effects: electrical muscle stimulation; warm-up for golf; stretching for runners and cyclists; an ice drink not for runners; cold-water immersion for recovery between semis and finals for runners; breathing and swimsuits for swimmers; aerodynamic pacing for team-pursuit cyclists; biomech shoes for cyclists; compression garments for baseball pitchers and cross-country skiers; holographic discs for endurance athletes? Correlates of Performance: Ironman phases; economy of Kenyan runners; endurance genes; cyclists' muscle transcriptome. Nutrition and Drugs: hydration but not hyperhydration for cyclists; beetroot? ; bicarb and beta-alanine for rowers? ; caffeine for everyone; melatonin not for endurance; paracetamol possibly but ibuprofen definitely not for endurance cyclists; blood transcriptome in the athlete's passport? ; salbutamol for endurance? Training: specific for soccer, softball and baseball; vision for softball; video for divers; minimalist shoes for runners.
Sistema avanzado de verificación de la asistencia a clase por medio de la firma

Resumen—Motivados con la norma del Espacio Europeo de Educación Superior (EEES) de evaluar la asistencia a clase, los profesores recogen las firmas manuscritas de sus alumnos matriculados como evidencia de su asistencia. Esta evidencia es susceptible de ser impostada mediante la falsificación de las firmas de aquellos alumnos que no asisten a clase. Aprovechando la aceptación de este medio que verifica la asistencia a clase, en este artı́culo se propone un sistema basado en las nuevas tecnologı́as para automáticamente verificar las firmas manuscritas de los alumnos. Ası́ mismo, en este artı́culo se proponen y se comparan dos alternativas de sistemas de verificación automática de firmas capaces de detectar a los impostores. Palabras clave: Verificación automática de firmas manuscritas, sistemas avanzados, ayudas al profesor.
7 S ep 2 00 4 Generalized geometry and the Hodge decomposition

In this lecture, delivered at the string theory and geometry workshop in Oberwolfach, we review some of the concepts of generalized geometry, as introduced by Hitchin and developed in the speaker’s thesis. We also prove a Hodge decomposition for the twisted cohomology of a compact generalized Kähler manifold, as well as a generalization of the dd-lemma of Kähler geometry. 1 Geometry of T ⊕ T ∗ The sum T ⊕T ∗ of the tangent and cotangent bundles of an n-dimensional manifold has a natural O(n, n) structure given by the inner product 〈X + ξ, Y + η〉 = 1 2 (ξ(Y ) + η(X)), and we may describe the Lie algebra in the usual way: so(n, n) = ∧T ⊕ End(T ) ⊕ ∧T . Hence we may view 2-forms B and bivectors β as infinitesimal symmetries of T ⊕ T . We may also form the Clifford algebra CL(T ⊕T ), which has a spin representation on the Clifford module ∧T ∗ as described by Cartan: (X + ξ) · ρ = iXρ + ξ ∧ ρ, for X + ξ ∈ T ⊕T ∗ and ρ ∈ ∧T . This means that we may view differential forms as spinors for T ⊕T . From the general theory of spinors, this implies that there is a Spino(n, n)-invariant bilinear form 〈, 〉 : ∧ T ∗ × ∧T ∗ −→ det T , given by 〈α, β〉 = [α∧σ(β)]n , where σ is the anti-automorphism which reverses the order of wedge product. Another structure emerging from the interpretation of forms as spinors is the Courant bracket [, ]H on sections of T ⊕ T , obtained as the derived bracket (see [7]) of the natural differential operator d + H ∧ · acting on differential forms, where d is the exterior derivative and H ∈ Ωcl(M). When H = 0, we have the following: Proposition 1. The group of orthogonal automorphisms of the Courant bracket for H = 0 is a semidirect product of Diff(M) and Ωcl(M), where B ∈ Ω 2 cl(M) acts as the shear exp(B) on T ⊕ T . In this way we see that the natural appearance of H ∈ Ωcl(M) and the action of B ∈ Ω 2 cl(M) coincide precisely with the physicists’ description of the Neveu–Schwarz 3-form flux and the action of the B-field, respectively. Actually, the bundle of spinors differs from ∧•T ∗ by tensoring with the line bundle det T 1/2; we assume a trivialization has been chosen – this is related to the physicists’ dilaton field.
Study on seasonal variations of heat tolerance in young Japanese males and effects of physical training thereon.

1. Physiological responses to heat and heat tolerance were examined in summer and winter on 39 male college students. After having been in the chamber for 30 min, sweating was induced by immersing both legs up to the kness for 90 min a water bath of 42°C in a climatic chamber maintained at 30°C with 70% relative humidity.2. Heat tolerance was assessed by heat strain cau ed by a certain heating condition. The heat strain was represented by a combination of relative increase in rectal temperature (B) plus relative water loss (A) and salt loss (C). Indices I and S were defined, as reported previously, as (A2+B2+C2) 1/2 and B/(A2+C2) 1/2, respectively, to assess the heat tolerance.3. Sweating reaction in summer was characterized by a relatively smaller salt loss despite a greater water loss, while the rise in rectal temperature was less in summer than in winter.4. The mean value of Index I showed no significant seasonal differences, being 0.24 in both seasons. The mean values of Index S in summer and winter were 0.81 and 1.42, respectively, the difference being statistically significant.5. The mean value of Index I for the athlete group, which included college sportsmen, was significantly lower than that of the non-athlete group (0.21 and 0.27, respectively, irrespective of the seasons), while no significant difference was found in Index S between the two groups.6. Despite the lack of seasonal variation of Index I, the magnitude of individual I showed a good correlation with heat tolerance as judged by the sweating type, n a classification system originally deve oped by Ohara.7. Based on these results, applicability of the indices for the assessment of individual heat tolerance is discussed.
Differences in electromyographic activity of biceps brachii and brachioradialis while performing three variants of curl

Background Dumbbell curl (DC) and barbell curl in its two variants, straight (BC) or undulated bar (EZ) are typical exercises to train the elbow flexors. The aim of the study was to verify if the execution of these three variants could induce a selective electromyographic (EMG) activity of the biceps brachii (BB) and brachioradialis (BR). Methods Twelve participants performed one set of ten repetitions at 65% of their 1-RM for each variant of curl. Pre-gelled electrodes were applied with an inter-electrode distance of 24 mm on BB and BR. An electrical goniometer was synchronously recorded with EMG signals to determine the concentric and eccentric phases of each variant of curl. Results We detected higher activation profile of both BB (P < 0.05) and BR (P < 0.01) during the EZ compared to the DC. Higher levels of activation was found during the concentric phase for only the BR performed with an EZ compared to DC (P < 0.001) and performing BC compared to DC (P < 0.05). The eccentric phase showed a higher activation of the BB muscle in EZ compared to DC (P < 0.01) and in BC compared to DC (P < 0.05). The BR muscle showed a higher activation performing EZ compared to DC (P < 0.01). Discussion The EZ variant may be preferred over the DC variant as it enhances BB and BR EMG activity during the whole range of motion and only in the eccentric phase. The small difference between BC and EZ variants of the BB and BR EMG activity makes the choice between these two exercises a matter of subjective comfort.
Deep specification mining

Formal specifcations are essential but usually unavailable in software systems. Furthermore, writing these specifcations is costly and requires skills from developers. Recently, many automated techniques have been proposed to mine specifcations in various formats including fnite-state automaton (FSA). However, more works in specifcation mining are needed to further improve the accuracy of the inferred specifcations. In this work, we propose Deep Specifcation Miner (DSM), a new approach that performs deep learning for mining FSA-based specifcations. Our proposed approach uses test case generation to generate a richer set of execution traces for training a Recurrent Neural Network Based Language Model (RNNLM). From these execution traces, we construct a Prefx Tree Acceptor (PTA) and use the learned RNNLM to extract many features. These features are subsequently utilized by clustering algorithms to merge similar automata states in the PTA for constructing a number of FSAs. Then, our approach performs a model selection heuristic to estimate F-measure of FSAs and returns the one with the highest estimated Fmeasure. We execute DSM to mine specifcations of 11 target library classes. Our empirical analysis shows that DSM achieves an average F-measure of 71.97%, outperforming the best performing baseline by 28.22%. We also demonstrate the value of DSM in sandboxing Android apps.
Taxonomic annotation errors incorrectly assign the family Pseudoalteromonadaceae to the order Vibrionales in Greengenes: implications for microbial community assessments

Next-generation sequencing has provided powerful tools to conduct microbial ecology studies. Analysis of community composition relies on annotated databases of curated sequences to provide taxonomic assignments; however, these databases occasionally have errors with implications for downstream analyses. Systemic taxonomic errors were discovered in Greengenes database (v13_5 and 13_8) related to orders Vibrionales and Alteromonadales. These orders have family level annotations that were erroneous at least one taxonomic level, e.g., 100% of sequences assigned to the Pseudoalteromonadaceae family were placed improperly in Vibrionales (rather than Alteromonadales) and >20% of these sequences were indeed Vibrio spp. but were improperly assigned to the Pseudoalteromonadaceae family (rather than to Vibrionaceae). Use of this database is common; we identified 68 peer-reviewed papers since 2013 that likely included erroneous annotations specifically associated with Vibrionales and Pseudoalteromonadaceae, with 20 explicitly stating the incorrect taxonomy. Erroneous assignments using these specific versions of Greengenes can lead to incorrect conclusions, especially in marine systems where these taxa are commonly encountered as conditionally rare organisms and potential pathogens.
Role of chemotherapy with epidermal growth factor receptor-tyrosine kinase inhibitor (EGFR-TKI) rechallenge in small cell transformation after EGFR-TKI failure: a case report

Background Small cell lung cancer (SCLC) transformation is one of the resistance mechanisms associated with epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs). Rechallenge with the first-line TKI after the second-line chemotherapy is suggested as a salvage treatment despite modest efficacy. Case presentation Here, we report the case of a 72-year-old, never-smoker female diagnosed with multiple metastatic lung adenocarcinoma (cT2aN2M1) harboring EGFR mutations in exon 21 (L858R) of the primary lesion. Despite subsequent treatment with gefitinib for more than a year, the patient developed resistance to the drug. Histological analysis based on rebiopsy at subphrenic mass revealed small cell transformation. After a partial response to irinotecan and carboplatin, the metastatic subphrenic and liver masses presented dramatic progression despite another round of cytotoxic chemotherapy. Rechallenge with erlotinib based on the original EGFR mutation (L858R) without small cell transformation confirmed by re-biopsy of hepatic mass lesions elicited only mixed response. Therefore, cytotoxic chemotherapy comprising irinotecan and carboplatin combined with erlotinib was effective against all the metastatic lesions. Conclusion To the best of our knowledge, this is the first case of concurrent retreatments with TKIs and chemotherapy previously effective in SCLC transformation.
Analytical Performance Evaluation of Full-Dimensional MIMO Systems Using Realistic Spatial Correlation Models

In this paper, we compute the analytical spatial channel correlation matrix in a polarized uniform planar array multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) system. The antennas are considered with three-dimensional gain patterns. A realistic multiclustered propagation environment is considered. Earlier works in this area assumed arbitrary spatial clustering parameters, which do not adhere to practical situations. On the other hand, practical channel models provide methods for generating channel coefficients through simulation only. In this paper, cluster parameters from standard models such as the 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) WINNER II MIMO channel model for long term evolution (LTE)-Advanced and other proposed models for future 5G systems for sub-6 GHz and mmWave frequencies have been used to arrive at an analytical correlation coefficient expression. The spatial correlation has been shown to depend on the parameters of the cluster power angular spectrum (PAS). The analytical performance metrics such as bit error rate (BER) and spectral efficiency (SE) arrived using the correlation matrices are found to match closely with those obtained from the Monte Carlo simulations using the 3GPP channel models. We also show the difference in SE results obtained using the proposed model and a model based on an existing hypothetical PAS assumption whereby the usefulness of the proposed model for designing future 5G systems is reflected. Also, the analytical method developed here results in significant computation time reduction for calculation of different metrics such as BER and SE.
Chinese Poetry Generation with Flexible Styles

Research has shown that sequence-to-sequence neural models, particularly those with the attention mechanism, can successfully generate classical Chinese poems. However, neural models are not capable of generating poems that match specific styles, such as the impulsive style of Li Bai, a famous poet in the Tang Dynasty. This work proposes a memory-augmented neural model to enable the generation of style-specific poetry. The key idea is a memory structure that stores how poems with a desired style were generated by humans, and uses similar fragments to adjust the generation. We demonstrate that the proposed algorithm generates poems with flexible styles, including styles of a particular era and an individual poet.
Low-Resolution PSs Based Hybrid Precoding for Multiuser Communication Systems

Large antenna array systems are favored in next-generation wireless communications, as it can offer multiplexing and array gains that enhance the system sum-rate. However, the large antenna array systems often necessitate the use of high-cost and power-hungry radio frequency (RF) devices. To reduce the hardware complexity and avoid the explicit high-dimensional channel estimation, we propose a joint iterative training based hybrid precoding using low-resolution phase shifters (PSs). Different from the existing works based on the predefined codebook, the iterative training is applied for the hybrid architectures. The iterative training converges to the dominant steering vectors that align with the direction of the largest channel gain, thus it can harvest more array gains than the predefined codebook method. In addition, the performance loss induced by the finite phase quantization is analytically investigated for multiple RF chains. Simulation results show that the developed joint iterative training method having a fast convergence can achieve similar array gain compared with the systems equipped with the continuous PSs. Furthermore, the proposed hybrid precoding utilizing low-resolution PSs can offer a sum-rate comparable to the fixed-rank fully-digital multiple-input multiple-output systems, but with limited hardware cost and energy consumption.
How Well Can DNA Rupture DNA? Shearing and Unzipping Forces inside DNA Nanostructures

A purely DNA nanomachine must support internal stresses across short DNA segments with finite rigidity, producing effects that can be qualitatively very different from experimental observations of isolated DNA in fixed-force ensembles. In this article, computational simulations are used to study how well the rigidity of a driving DNA duplex can rupture a double-stranded DNA target into single-stranded segments and how well this stress can discriminate between unzipping or shearing geometries. This discrimination is found to be maximized at an optimal length but deteriorates as the driving duplex is either lengthened or shortened. This differs markedly from a fixed-force ensemble and has implications for the design parameters and limitations of dynamic DNA nanomachines.
CYP17 polymorphisms are associated with decreased risk of breast cancer in Chinese Han women: a case–control study

Introduction CYP17 is the second most important enzyme in estradiol synthesis. Epidemiological studies have shown the associations between CYP17 polymorphisms and cancer risk. We conducted a case–control study to evaluate the relationship between CYP17 polymorphisms (rs743572 and rs2486758) and breast cancer (BC) risk. Patients and methods This case–control study included 560 BC patients and 583 age-matched healthy controls from Northwest China. Two polymorphisms (rs743572 and rs2486758) of CYP17 were genotyped by using Sequenom MassARRAY. ORs and 95% CIs were used to evaluate the relationship. Results Compared with the wild genotype of rs743572, we found a significantly reduced risk of BC associated with the variant genotypes (heterozygote model: OR=0.69, 95% CI=0.53–0.89; homozygote model: OR=0.68, 95% CI=0.49–0.95; dominant model: OR=0.69, 95% CI=0.54–0.87; overdominant model: OR=0.78, 95% CI=0.62–0.98; allele model: OR=0.79, 95% CI=0.66–0.93). For rs2486758 polymorphism, we did not find any difference in any of the genetic models. Further stratification analysis by clinical characteristics showed rs743572 was associated with estrogen receptor status (heterozygote model: OR=2.13, 95% CI=1.47–3.08; homozygote model: OR=3.29, 95% CI=1.94–5.58; dominant model: OR=2.39, 95% CI=1.69–3.37) and progesterone receptor status (homozygote model: OR=3.17, 95% CI=1.82–5.55), but there was no association between rs2486758 and clinical characteristics of BC. Haplotype analysis showed that Grs743572Crs2486758 haplotype was a protective factor of BC (OR=0.52, 95% CI=0.40–0.67). Survival analysis did not find that CYP17 rs743572 polymorphism was associated with triple-negative BC, either in terms of overall survival or progression-free survival. Conclusion Our results suggest that CYP17 polymorphisms may reduce the susceptibility to BC in Chinese women.