Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Study on two inoculation routs of Salmonella enteritidis in abilities to colonize in internal organs and to contaminate of eggs in broiler breeder hens.

Two groups of chickens were inoculated orally and intravenously with 10 and 10 CFU S. 10 6 enteritidis organisms consequently. Heavier infection of liver spleen, caecum, small intestines, infundibulumovules and cloac-vagina of chickens that inoculated orally were observed. In intravenously inoculated group high infection of liver-spleen and cloacvagina were noticed. In oral group egg production were more decreased and fecal shedding was higher than intravenously group.
Modelling of Soil Respiration in Hungary

The climatology of soil respiration in Hungary is presented. Soil respiration is estimated by a Thornthwaite-based biogeochemical model using soil hydrophysical data and climatological fields of precipitation and air temperature. Soil respiration fields are analyzed for different soil textures (sand, sandy loam, loam, clay loam and clay) and time periods (year, growing season and months). Strong linear relationships were found between soil respiration and the actual evapotranspiration for annual and growing season time periods. In winter months soil respiration is well correlated with air temperature, while in summer months there is a quite variable relationship with water balance components. The strength of linear relationship between soil respiration and climatic variables is much better for coarser than for finer soil texture.
A Study on Total Factor Energy Efficiency of Coal-fired Power Plants Considering Environmental Protection

In this study, we measure the total-factor energy efficiency under the constraint of environment of 13 coal-fired power plants in Hebei province over the period of 2009 to 2011 using the DEA model which based on the environmental production technology and the directional distance function. The results indicate that the total factor energy efficiency of sample power plants is still at sub-optimal level of around 0.84 and the efficiency is over estimated when without looking at environmental impacts. This indicates that undesirable outputs have a significant influence on energy efficiency of power plants. Poor performance of few power plants is due to their ability to manage the undesirable outputs need to be improved. In order to improve energy efficiency and achieve sustainable development, plants should concentrate on both energy saving and emission reduction at the same time.
Simulation of Graphene Nanoribbon Based Gas Sensor

Potential of Graphene nanoribbon (GNR) as a gas sensor is investigated in this work through a simulation based on semi empirical computations. The interactions between GNR (both pristine and defective) and three gas molecules (Ammonia, Mithane and Water) are deeply studied. A summary of some recent studies is presented so as to show that all GNRs, especially all sub-10 nm GNRs, exhibit semiconducting behavior with finite bandgap which is good to be used as a sensor. A sub-10 nm armchair-edged GNR is selected here to be used as sensing element for these three gases. All three gas molecules showed much stronger adsorption on the defective GNR than that on the pristine GNR. The change in density of state DOS diagram of pristine GNR before and after contacting gas molecules was found to be almost negligible near Fermi level. Change in GNR band feature due to donor type gas molecules was observed to be completely opposite of that for acceptor type gas molecules. The simulation result was compared with previous theoretical and experimental works so as to confirm that the observations from this work are consistent with relevant earlier works. Effect of distance and number of interacting gas molecules on Density of states of GNR was also shown. This work reveals that GNR can be a better sensor than graphene and the sensitivity of GNR-based chemical gas sensors could be drastically improved by introducing the appropriate defect.
Culture of Architectural Firms in Nigeria: An Exploratory Study

What is the culture of an architectural firm, and what are the organisational characteristics that shape this culture? These are the questions addressed by this paper that surveys 92 Nigerian architectural firms. The study investigated the culture of these architectural firms using the response of the firms' principals to a questionnaire of value statements regarding innovation, stability, people orientation, outcome orientation, team orientation and aggressiveness. The culture types were determined using a two-step cluster analysis of the data. Categorical regression was also used to determine the factors that shaped a firm's culture. The study revealed that the architectural firms did not have either market or hierarchical cultures. The findings also challenged the notion that larger firms tend to be more impersonal. However, the predominance of responsive and staff-oriented cultures confirmed the notion that service sector organisations are more people-oriented than outcome-oriented confirms. The leadership style of the principals best predicted a firm's culture.
Imprints of dynamical interactions on brown dwarf pairing statistics and kinematics

We present statistically robust predictions of brown dwarf properties arising from dynamical interactions during their early evolution in small clusters. Our conclusions are based on numerical calculations of the internal cluster dynamics as well as on Monte-Carlo models. Accounting for recent observational constraints on the sub-stellar mass function and ini- tial properties in fragmenting star forming clumps, we derive multiplicity fractions, mass ratios, separation distributions, and velocity dispersions. We compare them with observations of brown dwarfs in the field and in young clusters. Observed brown dwarf companion fractions around 15 7% for very low-mass stars as reported recently by Close et al. (2003) are consistent with certain dynamical decay models. A significantly smaller mean separation distribution for brown dwarf binaries than for binaries of late-type stars can be explained by similar specific energy at the time of cluster formation for all cluster masses. Due to their higher velocity dispersions, brown-dwarfs and low-mass single stars will undergo time-dependent spatial segregation from higher-mass stars and multiple systems. This will cause mass functions and binary statistics in star forming regions to vary with the age of the region and the volume sampled.
Assessing Impacts on Mortality of Lifestyle Factors: Allowing for Model Uncertainty

Ongoing debate concerns how many deaths or disease cases are linked to lifestyle-linked (modifiable) factors such as adiposity, smoking and physical activity. This paper considers mortality attributable to modifiable risks using US cohort data from the NHANES III survey, focussing on mortality in a cohort of adults under age 65 at baseline. A piecewise-exponential regression analysis is adopted, with predictor selection, so acknowledging model uncertainty. Attributable risks are estimated using a Bayesian approach, with risks estimated by gender and population sub-groups (ethnic, income). For the cohort considered, smoking has the highest attributable risk, especially for males.
Healthcare-Seeking Behavior and Out-of-Pocket Payments in Rural Bangladesh: A Cross-Sectional Analysis

This study investigates the determinants of patient’s choice of treatment (i.e., modern vs. alternative healthcare) using Bangladesh’s Household Income and Expenditure Survey (HIES) dataset for exploring their healthcare-seeking behavior and the extent of out-of-pocket (OOP) payment due to illnesses. It explores this issues using the descriptive statistics, bivariate analysis like analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Chi-square test as well as econometric modeling (probit regression model on modern healthcare utilization for the full sample as well as for each quintile). All these help to identify the determinants of healthcare-seeking behavior in rural Bangladesh and how these vary across the quintiles of expenditure on food consumption. This study finds that higher percentage of healthcare-seeking patients receives alternative healthcare because of the lower cost and easier access compared to modern healthcare. The marginal effects of the predisposing factors like patient’s age, parent’s literacy, mother’s age, house with separate dining room, access to electricity and mobile are significantly positive, which means these are more likely to influence modern healthcare utilization. In contrast, the marginal effects of the enabling factors like income, landholdings, access to social benefit are positive, but insignificant. Therefore, predisposing factors rather than enabling factors play crucial role in determining choice of modern treatment in rural Bangladesh. In addition, variations in the marginal effects exist across different groups based on regression by quintile. Finally, sickness prevalence as well as modern healthcare utilization also varies across geographic regions. The average OOP payment is higher for modern healthcare compared to alternative one and it remains true after disaggregation of OOP expenditure. Disease-specific OOP using first-difference method is also positive for all diseases (i.e., OOP expenditure for modern healthcare> OOP expenditure for alternative healthcare) and most of the first-difference estimates are statistically significant. Similar tendencies are also observed in case of applying distributional analysis using quintiles. All these are important for formulating a national health policy for the rural people in Bangladesh. At last, a special attention to expanding utilization of modern healthcare is required for young mothers, elderly household head and the patients belong to minority group in rural Bangladesh.
Effects of Wheat-Soybean Meal Based Diet Supplementation with Vitamin A, Vitamin E and Zinc on Blood Cells, Organ. Weights and Humoral Immune Response in Broiler Chickens.

This experiment was conducted to evaluate the effects of additional supplementation of the diet with vitamin A, vitamin E and zinc, on blood cells, organ weights and humoral immune response of broiler chickens fed a wheat-soybean meal based diet. In a completely randomized design with 2×2×2 factorial arrangement, 224 day-old male broiler chicks were assigned to 32 groups. Factors and their levels were as follows: vitamin A (basal diet, basal diet supplemented with 10,000 IU kg retinol acetate); vitamin E (basal diet, basal diet 1 response were evaluated by intramuscular injection of Sheep Red Blood Cells (SRBC) at 21 day of age followed by bleeding at 7 and 14 day post injection. Supplementation of the diet with vitamin A, vitamin E, or zinc significantly (p = 0.001) increased the number of White Blood Cells (WBC); but had no effect on Red Blood Cell (RBC) counts, Hematocrit (Ht) and Haemoglobin (Hb). Vitamin A supplementation significantly (p = 0.016) decreased the proportion of monocytes in total number of counted monocytes, lymphocytes and heterophils. Supplementation with zinc significantly decreased (p = 0.003) the ratio of heterophils to lymphocytes. A significant vitamin A × vitamin E × zinc interaction was found for WBC counts and for the proportions of lymphocytes and heterophils (p = 0.001). Supplementing the diet with either vitamin A or vitamin E had no significant effect on relative weights of liver, bursa and spleen. However, addition of zinc to the diet significantly (p = 0.019) increased relative weight of spleen. Supplementation of the diet with vitamin E or zinc (but not with vitamin A), significantly increased total antibody titres against SRBC. The results suggest that additional supplementation of the diet with vitamin A, vitamin E, or zinc can be effective in general immune responses by affecting blood cell proportions and also indicated that zinc can be considered as an anti-stress nutrient, regarding the heterophil to lymphocyte ratio index. It also, indicates that vitamin E is more important than vitamin A or zinc in persistency of an immune response.
Efficient Legendre polynomials transforms: from recurrence relations to Schoenberg's theorem

We report results on various techniques which allow to compute the expansion into Legendre (or in general Gegenbauer) polynomials in an efficient way. We describe in some detail the algebraic/symbolic approach already presented in Ref.1 and expand on an alternative approach based on a theorem of Schoenberg.
Image Completion Based on Gans with a New Loss Function

Recently, many approaches based on deep learning have demonstrated amazing capabilities in varieties of challenging image tasks, such as image classification, object detection, semantic and instance segmentation, and so on. These methods are more capable of extracting deeper features than traditional methods, which is critical for different kinds of image tasks. Similarly, these methods are gradually applied to the work of image completion of natural images. In consideration of the fact that most of the current methods would lead to blurring and fake results, we propose an image completion method based on the generation adversarial network. We use the network structure of the encoder and decoder to obtain the high-level feature information of the image and generate reasonable pixel values to fill the missing regions. Besides, we construct a new joint loss function based on SSIM evaluation indicators, which can retain the similarity between two images as much as possible. Our proposed method can keep the completion regions consistent with the surrounding pixels, which makes the images look more realistic. We evaluate on our datasets with our proposed method and compare with other methods in this paper, our results are sharper and more realistic than the previous ones.
Influence of Nitrogen Fertilizer Application on Grain Yield, Nitrogen Uptake Efficiency, and Nitrogen Use Efficiency of Bread Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) Cultivars in Eastern Ethiopia

The study was conducted in Eastern Ethiopia, namely Meta and Tullo districts, during the 2015 cropping season to determine the effect of N fertilizer levels on N uptake, N use efficiency (NUE) and grain yield on bread wheat cultivars. Factorial combinations of five N levels (0, 30, 60, 90, and 120 kg N ha-1) and four bread wheat cultivars (Danda’a, Digalu, Kakaba and local cultivar) were laid out as a randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replications. The interactions of sites, N levels, and cultivars significantly (p ≤ 0.01) affected grain yield (GY), nitrogen uptake by grains, total nitrogen uptake, nitrogen uptake efficiency (NUpE) and nitrigen use efficiency for grain yield (NUEGY). Main effects of sites, N levels and cultivars had significant (p < 0.01) effect on grain and straw N contents, straw N uptake, N biomass production efficiency, N utilization efficiency (NUtE) and nitrogen harvest index (NHI). The cultivar Kakaba at rate of 90 kg N ha-1 produced the highest grain yield (4880 kg ha-1) in Tullo, which was statistically similar with the grain yield (4816 kg ha-1) obtained from the cultivar Digalu with 120 kg N ha-1 in Meta district. The NUEGY was higher with values of 24.2 and 24.1 kg grain kg-1 N in Tullo and Meta districts, respectively, for Digalu cultivar at 30 kg N ha-1 application rate than the remaining N levels and variety interactions at both sites. Cultivars variations in NUEGY under low N application levels were mainly due to higher variations in NUpE than in NUtE. Therefore, there is a need for exploration of the effectiveness of various combinations of N rates with time of applications for improvements of N-use efficiency traits and cost effectiveness in improved wheat cultivars production.
From Hierarchy of the Levels of Theoretical Inquiry to Full Type 2 Fuzzy System Models

We first present a brief review of the essentials fuzzy system models: Namely (1) Zadeh’s rule base model, (2) Takagi and Surgeon’s model which is partly a rule base and partly a regression function and (3) Turksen fuzzy regression functions where fuzzy regression functions correspond to each fuzzy rule. Next we review the well-known FCM algorithm which lets one to extract Type 1 membership values from a given data set for the development of Type 1 fuzzy system models as a foundation for the development of Full Type 2 fuzzy system models. For this purpose, we provide an algorithm which lets one to generate Full Type 2 membership value distributions for a development of second order fuzzy system models with our proposed second order data analysis. If required one can generate Full Type 3. Full Type n fuzzy system models with an iterative execution of our algorithm. We present our application results graphically for TD_Stockprice data with respect to two validity indeces, namely: 1) Celikyilmaz-Turksen and 2) Bezdek indeces.
Unsupervised User Observation in the App Store: Experiences with the Sensor-based Evaluation of a Mobile Pedestrian Navigation Application

Traditional methods to observe a participant during a eld study are often not very scalable and obtrusive. Given the facts of more and more available smart phones and mobile distribution channels, e.g. Apple App Store, the emerging logging observation method gains an increasing attention. In this paper we report on our experiences of conducting a user study in the Android Market by relying on the logging methodology, and thus on sensors of a common mobile smart phone. Based on our preliminary ndings we identify the major challenges a researcher needs to face, when an inmarket study should be conducted.
The third dimension in landscape metrics analysis applied to central Alentejo - Portugal

Landscape metrics have been widely developed over the last two decades, although the question remains: How does landscape metrics relates with ecological processes? One of the major recent developments in landscape metrics analysis was the third dimension integration. Topography has an extremely important role on ecosystems function and structure, even though the common analysis in landscape ecology only conceives planimetric surface which leads to some erroneous results, particularly in mountain areas. The analytical process tested patch, class and landscape metrics behavior in 11 sample areas of 100 sqkm each in several topographical conditions of Central Alentejo. It is presented the significance analysis of the results achieved in planimetric and 3D environments.
A Forensic Tool for Signature Authenticity Verification Through Digital Image Processing and Artificial Neural Networks

This paper aims to propose a computational forensics tool able to verify the authenticity of handwritten signatures in an automated way, to help and optimize this process and act as a tool for decision support. The methodology of this proposal was based on the use of techniques of digital image processing and neural networks through the backpropagation learning algorithm with 500 and 901 approaches. The results showed an average percentage error of 20% in the first and of 5.83% in the second, and the performance of a trained professional to verify the authenticity of signatures has an average error of 6.67%. Thus, we could observe the efficiency of the proposed tool, as well as the difference and evolution of approaches through the relevance of the results.
Effect of Farm Size on Energy Ratio for Wheat Production: A Case Study from Ardabil Province of Iran

The aim of this study was to examine direct and indirect input energy in per hectare in wheat production. The research also sought to analyse the effect of farm size. For this purpose, the data were collected from 300 wheat farmers by questionnaire method. The results indicated that wheat production consumed a total of 38.36 GJ ha of which fertilizer energy consumption was 38.45% followed by diesel and machinery energy. 1 Output-input energy ratio and energy productivity were found to be 3.13 and 0.16 kg of wheat MJ , 1 respectively. Large farms were more successful in energy use and energy ratio. It was concluded that energy use management at farm level could be improved to give more efficient and use of energy.
Simulation for monitoring the state of the road surface, approach IoT and ITS

Internet of Things (IoT) represents a giant leap in how to collect, analyze, process and distribute data which later will become information. In fact, IoT now begin to support the Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITS) is one of the most successful deployments worldwide, it seeks to solve the problems that the transport sector has and thanks to union with the approach of IoT, generates new scenarios for sustainable and efficient transportation. In this paper both approaches (IoT e ITS), to support a simulation scenario that aims to monitor roads surface through an accelerometers network. In this scenario, the basis is the city of Bogotá where the surface road is quite run down. In this sense, the scenario of the results presented the potholes categorized to be repaired
An Interference Cancellation Scheme for High Reliability Based on MIMO Systems

This article proposes a new interference cancellation scheme in a half-duplex based two-path relay system. In the conventional two-path relay system, inter-relay-interference (IRI) which severely degrades the error performances at a destination occurs because a source and a relay transmit signals simultaneously at a specific time. The proposed scheme removes the IRI at a relay for higher signal-to-interference plus noise ratio (SINR) to receive interference free signal at a destination, unlike the conventional relay system, which removes IRI at a destination. To handle the IRI, the proposed scheme uses multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) signal detection at the relays and it makes low-complexity signal processing at a destination which is a usually mobile user. At the relays, the proposed scheme uses the low-complexity QR decomposition-M algorithm (QRD-M) to optimally remove the IRI. Also, for obtaining diversity gain, the proposed scheme uses cyclic delay diversity (CDD) to transmit the signals at a source and the relays. In simulation results, the error performance for the proposed scheme is better when the distance between one relay and another relay is low unlike the conventional scheme because the QRD-M detects received signal in order of higher post signal-to-noise ratio (SNR).
Plasmatic membrane of bovine spermatozoa: effect of the species oxygen reactive, antioxidant and cryopreservation

The plasmatic membrane is the part of the spermatozoa structure which is the most susceptible to change during cryopreservation and its integrity is fundamental for spermatic viability in the moment of fertilization. Its composition, type of phospholipids and quantity of proteins, is variable and affects the sensibility to thermal shock. During capacitation, alterations occurs in the plasmatic membrane, these alterations are necessary for the spermatozoa to be able to perform the acrosome reaction and hence the fertilization. The presence of free radicals are necessary in this process, however, ROS are harmful in excess and interfere in the fluidity and integrity of the membrane. Antioxidants enzymes in the seminal plasma and in the spermatozoa neutralize these radicals preventing oxidative stress, but the cryopreservation causes imbalance between production and neutralization, compromising the cell ́s viability. With the Objective of minimizing cells loss, extenders with different composition, including antioxidants, have been tested for sperm viability preservation This review focuses in the plasmatic membrane composition and species oxygen reactive production, related with quality sperm bovine after cryopreserved process and the use extender containing antioxidant.