Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Distributed data augmented support vector machine on Spark

Support vector machines (SVMs) are widely-used for classification in machine learning and data mining tasks. However, they traditionally have been applied to small to medium datasets. Recent need to scale up with data size has attracted research attention to develop new methods and implementation for SVM to perform tasks at scale. Distributed SVMs are relatively new and studied recently, but the distributed implementation for SVM with data augmentation has not been developed. This paper introduces a distributed data augmentation implementation for SVM on Apache Spark, a recent advanced and popular platform for distributed computing that has been employed widely in research as well as in industry. We term our implementation sparkling vector machine (SkVM) which supports both classification and regression tasks by scanning through the data exactly once. In addition, we further develop a framework to handle the data with new classes arriving under an online classification setting where new data points can have labels that have not previously seen - a problem we term label-drift classification. We demonstrate the scalability of our proposed method on large-scale datasets with more than one hundred million data points. The experimental results show that the predictive performances of our method are comparable or better than those of baselines whilst the execution time is much faster at an order of magnitude.
A Memristor Model with Piecewise Window Function

In this paper, we present a memristor model with piecewise window function, which is continuously differen- tiable and consists of three nonlinear pieces. By introduc- ing two parameters, the shape of this window function can be flexibly adjusted to model different types of memristors. Using this model, one can easily obtain an expression of memristance depending on charge, from which the numer- ical value of memristance can be readily calculated for any given charge, and eliminate the error occurring in the simu- lation of some existing window function models.
“But I See Old People Everywhere”: Dispelling the Myth That Eldercare Is Learned in Nongeriatric Clerkships

Purpose To test the assumption that knowledge, attitudes, and skills (KAS) in geriatrics are learned via exposure to elderly patients in nongeriatric clerkships. In the developed world, the proportion of adults ≥65 years old will soon surpass the proportion of children <14. However, clinical clerkships containing geriatric rotations are not mandated by the Liaison Committee for Medical Education. Method The authors assessed differences in geriatrics-focused KAS between medical students who completed a rotation in eldercare and those who completed a traditional nongeriatric clerkship. Over two academic years, the authors randomly assigned 263 clinical clerks to a clerkship year that did (eldercare group) or did not contain a two-week rotation focused on geriatrics. All students completed questionnaires that assessed their knowledge of and attitudes toward geriatric patients before and after their clerkships. Before graduation, all students completed an objective structured clinical examination (OSCE) including a clinical station focused on geriatrics. Results Questionnaire and OSCE station response rates were 74.8% and 100%, respectively. The eldercare group had significantly higher knowledge scores (P = .004). Students' attitudes toward older adults worsened over the clerkship year in both groups, but slightly less in the eldercare group; that group had significantly higher OSCE geriatric station scores and overall pass rates (both: P < .001). Conclusions Geriatrics is often regarded as a nonessential discipline. This study showed, however, that a clerkship year containing a specialized geriatric rotation is significantly more effective than a traditional clerkship year in preparing students to care for an aging population.
Autoregulation of cerebral blood flow

Blood flow in the cerebral circulation is controlled by a sophisticated regulatory system. Two important components of circulatory regulation are autoregulation and baroreceptor regulation. These fast regulatory systems act on the vessels supplying the brain in order to maintain a constant flow over a wide range of pressures. The control appears to be active within upper and lower limits of pressure. However, these limits shift to higher pressures for hypertensive subjects. The control is most likely mediated by a combination of myogenic and metabolic mechanisms, as well as changes in the activity of the central nervous system. This study focuses on modeling the dynamics and control of blood flow rather than trying to explain the underlying biophysics. The aim of this study is to use a lumped parameter model to reproduce the dynamic changes in pulsatile blood-flow-velocity (BFV) of the middle cerebral artery (MCA) during transient changes in arterial pressure. Measurements are carried out for young, old normatensive, and old hypertensive subjects performing postural change from sitting to standing. BFV is measured in the MCA using transcranial Doppler ultrasound and the pressure is measured using a finapres. The velocity measurements are performed using a head-mount such that the probe does not move when the subject stands up. In order to account for the pressure differences due to gravity, the arm is mounted so that the pressure probe is level with the heart at all times.
HUMAN RESOURCE SUPPORTING COMMUNITY-BASED TOURISM

Artikel ini membahas tentang proses pengembangan sumber daya manusia pendukung pariwisata berbasis masyarakat (PBM) di Desa Pohsanten Kabupaten Jembrana Propinsi Bali Indonesia. PBM masih berada pada tahap awal pengembangan dan kompetensi bidang kepariwisataan masih kurang. Artikel dikembangkan berdasarkan pada hasil observasi dan partisipasi langsung yang dilaksanakan pada saat pegabdian masyarakat yang dilaksanakan oleh penulis bersama anggota tim pengembangan lainnya dari Jurusan Pariwisata Politeknik Negeri Bali. Pengembangan sumber daya manusia pendukung kepariwisataan terdiri dari aktivitas untuk membentuk pemahaman, training dan workshop berkenaan dengan berbagai kompetensi pendukung operasional PBM. Pengembangan sumber daya manusia yang diselenggarakan, menunjukan hasil yang cukup substasial, ini terlihat dari kemampuan yang ditunjukan oleh masyarakat dalam memberikan pelayanan yaitu: menyiapkan makan dan minum, menyediakan penginapan bagi pengunjung, dan mengorganisasikan kegiatan berwisata di Desa Pohsanten. Namun demikian keterampilan yang baru tumbuh masih perlu dipertajam dan dilatih untuk mencapai tingkat sumber daya manusia bidang kepariwisataan yang professional. Diharapkan, hasil studi dapat dimanfaatkan sebagai masukan bagi stakeholders PBM dalam menyediakan produk dan jasa yang berkualitas bidang kepariwisataan khususnya PMB. Secara akademik hasil penelitian akan menambah referensi kajian kepariwisataan terutama yang terkait dengan sumber daya manusia pendukung PBM.
Warfarin‐Associated Bleeding Complication Saved Life

A 62‐year‐old Caucasian man with atrial fibrillation who was taking warfarin reported an episode of hematochezia; his international normalized ratio (INR) was 1.74. His weekly warfarin dose was increased by approximately 5%, and he was given three fecal occult blood cards. At follow‐up 1 week later, the patient denied any episodes of hematochezia. His INR was 1.69 despite the increased warfarin dosage. One of the occult blood cards showed a positive result, and colonoscopy revealed a 5‐cm lesion, identified as Dukes' A adenocarcinoma. Warfarin‐associated bleeding generally is considered deleterious; however, in our patient it unmasked an early stage of colon cancer and thus may have saved the patient's life. Although minor gastrointestinal bleeding is common among patients taking anticoagulants, all patients should be fully evaluated because the source of hemorrhage may be malignant.
El efecto de los valores profesionales y la cultura organizativa en la respuesta de los auditores a las presiones de tiempo

RESUMEN Este trabajo estudia la respuesta de los auditores a las presiones derivadas de los presupuestos de auditoría ajustados, así como el efecto que los valores profesionales de los auditores y otros factores organizativos tienen en su comportamiento. El estudio, llevado a cabo entre 103 auditores españoles, revela que las presiones de tiempo y competencia influyen en la falta de dedicación de tiempo suficiente a los procedimientos de auditoría y en la decisión de no revelar la totalidad de las horas dedicadas al encargo, comportamientos ambos considerados disfuncionales. Los resultados muestran además que la aceptabilidad ética de estas prácticas, la orientación hacia el cliente y la cultura ética organizativa influyen en dichos comportamientos disfuncionales. De este trabajo se derivan implicaciones para las firmas de auditoría, los organismos reguladores y la profesión en su conjunto. En concreto, los resultados apoyan las medidas adoptadas a nivel internacional que promueven la asignación de recursos suficientes, la formación ética y la implantación de criterios de evaluación que reconocen el compromiso con los principios éticos.
Mechanisms of epithelial dysfunction in giardiasis

A better understanding of the pathophysiological processes of Giardia may lead to understanding the diseases it causes and to identifying new therapeutic agents Infection with the ubiquitous intestinal parasite Giardia lamblia (synonymous G duodenalis or G intestinalis ) may cause acute or chronic diarrhoea, dehydration, abdominal discomfort and weight loss.1–4 Despite the prevalence of this disease, the pathophysiological features underlying intestinal disturbances in giardiasis remain incompletely understood. Giardia causes disease without penetrating the epithelium, invading the surrounding tissues or entering the blood stream. Interestingly, the epithelial abnormalities responsible for intestinal malabsorption and diarrhoea in giardiasis seem to share similarities with those observed in other enteric disorders, such as bacterial enteritis, chronic food anaphylaxis, Crohn’s disease and coeliac disease.5–9 Therefore, a better understanding of these pathophysiological processes may help identify new therapeutic targets for a variety of gastrointestinal diseases. In an attempt to unravel the mechanisms by which Giardia exerts its clinical effects, researchers have relied on a variety of cell systems and animal models. This issue of Gut presents data from an elegant human clinical study by Troeger et al 10 ( see page 328 ) that sheds new light on these processes. In view of the limited space available, this commentary only highlights selected mechanisms whereby Giardia -induced epithelial dysfunction may contribute to disease development. Previous studies using models in vivo and in vitro have established that Giardia causes malabsorption of glucose, sodium and water, and reduced disaccharidase activity, due to loss of epithelial absorptive surface area. …
Differentiation-dependent Suppression of Platelet-derived Growth Factor Signaling in Cultured Adipocytes*

A critical component of vertebrate cellular differentiation is the acquisition of sensitivity to a restricted subset of peptide hormones and growth factors. This accounts for the unique capability of insulin (and possibly insulin-like growth factor-1), but not other growth factors, to stimulate glucose uptake and anabolic metabolism in heart, skeletal muscle, and adipose tissue. This selectivity is faithfully recapitulated in the cultured adipocyte line, 3T3-L1, which responds to insulin, but not platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF), with increased hexose uptake. The serine/threonine protein kinases Akt1 and Akt2, which have been implicated as mediators of insulin-stimulated glucose uptake, as well as glycogen, lipid, and protein synthesis, were shown to mirror this selectivity in this tissue culture system. This was particularly apparent in 3T3-L1 adipocytes overexpressing an epitope-tagged form of Akt2 in which insulin activated Akt2 10-fold better than PDGF. Similarly, in 3T3-L1 adipocytes, only insulin stimulated phosphorylation of Akt’s endogenous substrate, GSK-3β. Other signaling molecules, including phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase, pp70 S6-kinase, mitogen-activated protein kinase, and PHAS-1/4EBP-1, did not demonstrate this selective responsiveness to insulin but were instead activated comparably by both insulin and PDGF. Moreover, concurrent treatment with PDGF and insulin did not diminish activation of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase, Akt, or glucose transport, indicating that PDGF did not simultaneously activate an inhibitory mechanism. Interestingly, PDGF and insulin comparably stimulated both Akt isoforms, as well as numerous other signaling molecules, in undifferentiated 3T3-L1 preadipocytes. Collectively, these data suggest that differential activation of Akt in adipocytes may contribute to insulin’s exclusive mediation of the metabolic events involved in glucose metabolism. Moreover, they suggest a novel mechanism by which differentiation-dependent hormone selectivity is conferred through the suppression of specific signaling pathways operational in undifferentiated cell types.
Wavelets with convolution-type orthogonality conditions

Wavelets with free parameters are constructed using a convolution-type orthogonality condition. First, finer and coarser scaling function spaces are introduced with the help of a two-scale relation for scaling functions. An inner product and a norm having convolution parameters are defined in the finer scaling function space, which becomes a Hilbert space as a result. The finer scaling function space can be decomposed into the coarser one and its orthogonal complement. A wavelet function is constructed as a mother function whose shifted functions form an orthonormal basis in the complement space. Such wavelet functions contain the Daubechies' compactly supported wavelets as a special case. In some restricted cases, several symmetric and almost compactly supported wavelets are constructed analytically by tuning free convolution parameters contained in the wavelet functions.
Small Birth Size, Adult Overweight, and Risk of Acute Myocardial Infraction

Background: The association between small size at birth and increased risk of cardiovascular disease in adulthood is well established. This relationship is commonly interpreted according to the “thrifty phenotype hypothesis,” which states that the association is generated by a mismatch between fetal and postnatal nutrition. Empirical support for an interaction between impaired fetal growth and later overnutrition is, however, sparse and partly conflicting. Methods: The Stockholm Heart Epidemiology Program is a population-based case-control study of risk factors for acute myocardial infarction (MI); data were available for 1058 cases and 1478 controls. Using logistic regression, we studied the effect of size at birth, and its interactive effect with body mass index (BMI), at 3 occasions in adulthood, on the risk of MI. Biologic interaction was estimated with the synergy index. Results: Very low birth weight for gestational age was associated with increased risk of MI (odds ratio [OR] = 2.0; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.4–2.9; attributable fraction = 5%). In nonfatal cases, adjustment for waist-hip ratio, insulin resistance, blood pressure, and lipids reduced the point estimate somewhat. Low birth weight for gestational age in combination with high BMI at the time of the MI produced an OR of 10.8 (3.6–31.8) for MI compared with normal birth weight and normal BMI; the synergy index was 6.5 (95% CI = 1.8–24.0). Conclusions: The synergism between small size at birth and high adult BMI supports the thrifty phenotype hypothesis. However, this mechanism seems to pertain to only a small fraction of the acute MI cases, implying minor public health importance.
An accurate statistical analysis of random dopant induced variability in 140,000 13nm MOSFETs

Summary form only given. In this paper, we present groundbreaking results of the simulation of 140,000 well scaled 13nm nChannel bulk MOSFETs, each microscopically different in terms of discrete dopant distributions. These devices were simulated using the well established Glasgow 3D drift/diffusion atomistic simulator. In order to undertake simulations of such a magnitude, we have employed advanced grid technology being developed at Glasgow as part of the nanoCMOS project.
Baseline methodologies for small scale residential demand response

Demand response (DR) programs are designed to reduce electricity load in periods of peak electricity demand, which helps avoiding expensive network upgrades. This reduction is measured by comparing the actual load with a baseline estimate. The baseline is a counter-factual load that could have been consumed in the absence of the DR program. Criteria for a good baseline methodology are accuracy, simplicity, and integrity. Five baseline methodologies are tested on actual smart meter data from 66 residential customers. These methodologies are High X of Y, Last Y Days, Regression, Neural Network, and Polynomial Interpolation. The performances of the selected methodologies are evaluated using bias and estimation error. The merits of each methodology are summarised in terms of simplicity, accuracy, and integrity. The results indicate that machine learning with neural network and polynomial extrapolation outperform the other methodologies.
Strategies for the prevention of hereditary diseases in a highly consanguineous population

Autosomal recessive hereditary diseases are relatively common in the Saudi population. The consanguinity rate is in excess of 50% and is a practice that remains strongly embedded within Saudi culture. The impact of this practice is recognized and is being addressed. Early detection and treatment of diseases can reduce mortality and minimize morbidity. This is the basis of successful neonatal screening for inborn errors of metabolism where treatment or modification of lifestyle can modulate disease. Ultimately, understanding the genetics of these diseases will provide opportunities for prevention. Options such as prenatal screening can be used to reduce the incidence of live births with inherited diseases. However, prenatal diagnosis and associated intervention is unacceptable to wide sections of all societies. Carrier detection and genetic counselling programmes have been very successful in reducing the incidence of inherited disorders in many populations. These programmes are most successful when they are sensitive to the cultural backgrounds of populations in which they are applied. In Saudi society, premarital screening to identify carrier status and the provision of appropriate counselling has tremendous potential to prevent inherited disease.
Phase Aberration Correction Using Echo Signals from Moving Targets II: Experimental System and Results

A method for correcting errors due to near-field tissue inhomogeneities in phased array ultrasound images is evaluated experimentally. The method uses the brightness of a moving speckle-generating target, such as blood, as a quality factor to correct for unknown phase aberrations. A real time experimental system utilizing the technique has been constructed and is described. Initial results from in vitro studies using a flow phantom are compared to theoretical predictions. The results indicate that the technique can provide significant improvements in image quality when imaging through aberrating media, and may find application in clinical imaging through skull and fatty layers.
Botulinum toxin injection without electromyographic assistance.

PURPOSE To ascertain whether electromyographic control of the muscles when injecting botulinum toxin in the medial rectus muscles of children under sedation is necessary to obtain good results in terms of ocular alignment and postoperative complications. METHODS Forty neurologically normal children 6 to 48 months of age were entered consecutively into the study once the initial diagnosis of essential infantile esotropia had been made. The children were sedated with sevoflurane and both medial rectus muscles were injected with 7 IU of botulinum toxin using an insulin syringe with a 27-gauge needle. Postoperative controls were performed at 3 days, 3 weeks, 3 months, and 6 months after the injection. The effectiveness of the injection was noted in terms of tropia, paralysis, and associated complications. RESULTS The mean tropia at 6 months postoperatively was 8.47 prism diopters of esotropia, ranging from 25 prism diopters of esotropia to 10 prism diopters of exotropia. Fifty-three percent of the patients had an esotropia between 0 and 10 prism diopters. The most common complications were ptosis and vertical deviation, affecting 23% and 21% of the patients, respectively, followed by conjunctival hemorrhage, which was recorded in 7% of the patients. There were no retrobulbar hemorrhages, ocular perforations, or anesthetic complications. CONCLUSIONS If anesthetic risks are higher and the results are similar when using electromyographic control, we advocate not using it in congenital esotropia when injecting botulinum toxin in children.
Defining Risk States in Autonomous Road Vehicles

The more highly automated road vehicles become, the more complex get their control systems along with the taskto identify and reach the safest possible state at an acceptablyhigh probability in as many operational situations as possible. In this paper, we outline a modeling formalism for hazard-mitigating controllers capable of run-time hazard identificationand mitigation. This formalism equips the safety engineer withan incremental approach to (i) identify hazard casual factors andwhole endangerment scenarios and (ii) derive operational strategies for mitigating these scenarios. We exemplify the conceptionof fail-safe control strategies as well as the allocation of suchstrategies to a control system architecture.