Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN INTRACELLULAR pH AND SWIMMING PERFORMANCE OF BROWN TROUT EXPOSED TO NEUTRAL AND SUBLETHAL pH

Adult brown trout were acclimated for 2–4 weeks to artificial soft water ([Ca2+] 25 micromolar) at neutral pH and at summer (15°C) temperature. During this period they swam against a current of approximately 0.25 m s-1. They then had their dorsal aorta cannulated and were exposed to neutral or sublethal pH (4.5) for 4 days in still water. After 4 days of exposure to sublethal pH, critical swimming speed (Ucrit) was 35 % lower than that for fish at neutral pH. There were significant increases in arterial PCO2 and in blood lactate concentrations at Ucrit compared with the values in resting fish at neutral pH and these led to significant reductions in plasma pH. There were no such changes in fish at sublethal pH. There were no significant changes in intracellular pH (pHi) of red blood cells at Ucrit, probably as a result of increases in the levels of plasma catecholamines. There were significant reductions in pHi of red and white muscle fibres at Ucrit. It is argued that these values were not as low in the white fibres as those seen in previous studies after fish have been chased to exhaustion and, therefore, that the fish in the present study were not completely exhausted, although they would no longer swim at a steady speed. As pHi of the red muscle was the same at Ucrit for fish at neutral and at sublethal pH, it is suggested that Ucrit (fatigue) coincides with a particular pHi of the red muscles and possible mechanisms are discussed.
VT-ware: A wearable tactile device for upper extremity motion guidance

In this study, we developed and evaluated a tactile stimulation device for upper extremity motion guidance. The developed device stimulates skin pressing directly using “tapping. ” A minimal number of actuators are used in the tactile stimulation device that is worn on the wrist. The device consists of six Tiny Ultrasonic Linear Actuator (TULA) modules, a control circuit, an upper case, and a lower case. We estimated motions through kinematic analysis of the upper extremities for motion guidance and our driving algorithm applied a tactile illusion to generate directional information cues and tapped one point using a tactile stimulation device to guide upper extremity motion. To evaluate the developed device, an experiment was conducted to test whether directional information can be successfully displayed by the device. As a result, it was found that the directional information cues could be reliably conveyed through the wrist with tactile stimulation using a “tapping” method that is based on tactile illusion, though the number of actuators that display continuous tactile stimulation is limited.
Clinical diagnosis and management of small fiber neuropathy: an update on best practice

ABSTRACT Introduction Small fiber neuropathy (SFN) is a heterogeneous group of disorders affecting thin myelinated Aδ and unmyelinated C fibers. Common symptoms include neuropathic pain and autonomic disturbances, and the typical clinical presentation is that of a length-dependent polyneuropathy, although other distributions could be present. Area covered This review focuses on several aspects of SFN including etiology, clinical presentation, diagnostic criteria and tests, management, and future perspectives. Diagnostic challenges are discussed, encompassing the role of accurate and standardized assessment of symptoms and signs and providing clues for the clinical practice. The authors discuss the evidence in support of skin biopsy and quantitative sensory testing as diagnostic tests and present an overview of other diagnostic techniques to assess sensory and autonomic fibers dysfunction. The authors also suggest a systematic approach to the etiology including a set of laboratory tests and genetic examinations of sodium channelopathies and other rare conditions that might drive the therapeutic approach based on underlying cause or symptoms treatment. Expert opinion SFN provides a useful model for neuropathic pain whose known mechanisms and cause could pave the way toward personalized treatments.
Radiologic Findings of Microglandular Adenosis of the Breast mimicking Breast Carcinoma : Report of a Case

Microglandular adenosis (MA) of the breast is an extremely rare, benign lesion. Histologically, small round glands lacking a myoepithelial layer infiltrates normal stroma which makes it difficult to distinguish from welldifferentiated breast cancer. Breast carcinoma arising in MA has been reported up to 27%, so although it is known as a benign lesion without local spread or metastasis, complete excision is recommended based on a core needle biopsy (1-4). Herein, we report a case of MA which mimics invasive carcinoma on radiologic imaging. To our knowledge, this is the first case of MA confused with carcinoma reported in the radiologic literature.
Corporate Social Responsibility, Profit After Tax and Return on Asset of Selected Multinational Companies: A Granger Causality Approach

This study investigated the causal relationship among corporate social responsibility (CSR), profit after tax and return on assets of selected quoted multinational companies in Nigeria. The data gathered from the financial statements of the selected quoted multinational companies were analysed using granger causality technique. The result revealed that there was no direction causality between profit after tax and corporate social responsibility as well as the return on assets and corporate social responsibility of the selected multinational companies with estimated probability values ranging from 0.065 to 0.999 ˃ 0.05. Based on the findings, the study concluded that profit after tax and return on assets of the selected multinational companies do not granger cause corporate social responsibility or vice visa. This study established that, despite the huge investment and profit made by the selected multinational companies in Nigeria, there was no significant contribution towards the corporate social responsibility of the nation or hosting communities. Therefore, this study recommended that multinational companies should strived to harness the strength of corporate social responsibility by increasing the amount committed to yield the expected result of performance; multinational companies should investe in the infrastructural development and productivity of their operating environments to boost and enhance their performances. Keywords: corporate social responsibility, profit after tax, return on asset, multinational, financial statement, granger causality.
Antigenic challenge of immunized mice induces endogeneous production of IL-3 that increases histamine synthesis in hematopoietic organs.

Antigenic challenge of Nippostrongylus brasiliensis-infected mice induces a striking increase in histidine decarboxylase (HDC) activity in both spleen and bone marrow cells. This enhancement takes place within 1 h after injection, with a maximum at 4 h and a return to pretreatment values 20 h later. It is associated with the appearance of IL-3 in the sera of these mice. In addition, the intracellular histamine content in both hematopoietic organs is concomitantly increased. A similar injection of worm Ag into normal mice has no significant effect. Comparable enhancement of HDC activity and intracellular histamine content with almost identical kinetics is promoted by i.v. injection of rIL-3 into normal mice. Moreover, HDC levels in infected mice are increased to the same extent in response to either specific antigen or rIL-3 injection. Taken together these results support the conclusion that antigenic challenge of immunized mice induces endogeneous IL-3 which, in turn, promotes a rapid increase in histamine synthesis in hematopoietic organs.
Selective review of age-related needs of women with schizophrenia.

OBJECTIVE Recognizing that needs differ between men and women with schizophrenia and that they vary over time, this review attempts to categorize the needs that are relevant to younger and to older women. METHOD This is a selective literature review focusing on topic areas the two authors determined to be most germane to women with schizophrenia. Articles were selected on the basis of currency, comprehensiveness, and study design. Particular attention was paid to the voices of the women themselves. RESULTS There is considerable overlap between the needs of younger and older women with schizophrenia, but as a general rule, younger women require preventive strategies to stop the escalation of illness while older women require recovery interventions to regain lost hopes and abilities. CONCLUSIONS There is clinical utility in cataloguing the needs of younger and older women with schizophrenia and conceptualizing interventions according to gender and age rather than viewing needed services along purely diagnostic lines.
Propagation des incertitudes dans un modèle réduit de propagation des infrasons

La perturbation d’un systeme peut donner lieu a de la propagation d’onde. Une facon classique d’apprehender ce phenomene est de rechercher les modes propres de vibration du milieu. Mathematiquement, trouver ces modes consiste a rechercher les valeurs et fonctions propres de l’operateur de propagation. Cependant, d’un point de vue numerique, l’operation peut s’averer couteuse car les matrices peuvent avoir de tres grandes tailles. En outre, dans la plupart des applications, des incertitudes sont inevitablement associees a notre modele. La question se pose alors de savoir s’il faut attribuer d’importantes ressources de calcul pour une simulation dont la precision du resultat n’est pas assuree. Nous proposons dans cette these une demarche qui permet a la fois de mieux comprendre l’influence des incertitudes sur la propagation et de reduire considerablement les couts de calcul pour la propagation des infrasons dans l’atmosphere. L’idee principale est que tous les modes n’ont pas la meme importance et souvent, seule une poignee d’entre eux suffit a decrire le phenomene sans perte notable de precision. Ces modes s’averent etre ceux qui sont les plus sensibles aux perturbations atmospheriques. Plus precisement, l’analyse de sensibilite permet d’identifier les structures de l’atmosphere les plus influentes, les groupes de modes qui leur sont associes et les parties du signal infrasonore qui leur correspondent. Ces groupes de modes peuvent etre specifiquement cibles dans un calcul de spectre au moyen de techniques de projection sur des sous-espace de Krylov, ce qui implique un gain important en cout de calcul. Cette methode de reduction de modele peut etre appliquee dans un cadre statistique et l’estimation de l’esperance et de la variance du resultat s’effectue la aussi sans perte notable de precision et avec un cout reduit.
Risk factors for clinically important upper gastrointestinal bleeding in patients requiring mechanical ventilation. Canadian Critical Care Trials Group.

OBJECTIVE To evaluate the incidence and risk factors for clinically important upper gastrointestinal bleeding in critically ill patients requiring mechanical ventilation. DESIGN In duplicate, blinded adjudicators determined the presence of clinically important gastrointestinal bleeding using a priori criteria, evaluating relevant clinical, laboratory, and diagnostic data. Cox proportional hazards regression analyses were used to examine baseline and time-dependent risk factors for bleeding. SETTING Sixteen university-affiliated intensive care units (ICUs) in Canada. PATIENTS A total of 1,077 critically ill ICU patients ventilated for at least 48 hrs. INTERVENTIONS Patients were randomized to stress ulcer prophylaxis with intravenous ranitidine or nasogastric sucralfate; otherwise, management was at the discretion of the ICU team. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS Demographic data included patient characteristics, Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation II score, and multiple organ dysfunction (MOD) score. Each day in the ICU, physiologic measurements including MOD score, feeding, and other treatment variables were recorded. The significant risk factors for upper gastrointestinal bleeding in the univariable analyses were low platelet count, maximum serum creatinine, maximum MOD score, maximum pulmonary component of the MOD score, maximum hepatic component of the MOD score, maximum renal component of the MOD score, enteral nutrition, and stress ulcer prophylaxis with ranitidine. The only independent predictors of bleeding in the multivariable analysis were maximum serum creatinine (relative risk = 1.16 [95% confidence interval = 1.02-1.32]), enteral nutrition (relative risk = 0.30 [95% confidence interval = 0.13-0.67]), and ranitidine administration (relative risk = 0.39 [95% confidence interval = 0.17-0.83]). CONCLUSIONS In critically ill ventilated patients, renal failure was independently associated with an increased risk of clinically important gastrointestinal bleeding, whereas enteral nutrition and stress ulcer prophylaxis with ranitidine conferred significantly lower bleeding rates.
Assessing factors that influence employees’ creativity in public-sector organisations The case of Dubai government organisations

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Component Carrier Selection and Beamforming on Carrier Aggregated Channels in Heterogeneous Networks

In this paper, component carrier selection and beamforming on carrier aggregated channels in Heterogeneous Networks are proposed. The scheme jointly selects the component carrier and precoding (i.e. beamforming) vectors with the cooperation of the other cells to deal with the interference between Macro cell and Pico cell. The component carrier selection and beamforming is achieved by optimizing the multi-cell downlink throughput. This optimization results in shutting down a subset of the component carrier in order to allow for a perfect interference removal at the receive side in the dense low power node deployment scenario. Additionally, algorithm based on Branch and Bound Method is used to reduce the search complexity of the algorithm. Simulation results show that the proposed scheme can achieve high cell-average and cell-edge throughput for the Pico cell in the Heterogeneous Networks.
Polymer translocation through a long nanopore

Polymer translocation through a nanopore in a membrane is investigated theoretically. Recent experiments on voltage-driven DNA and RNA translocations through a nanopore indicate that the size and geometry of the pore are important factors in polymer dynamics. A theoretical approach is presented which explicitly takes into account the effect of the nanopore length and diameter for polymer motion across the membrane. It is shown that the length of the pore is crucial for polymer translocation dynamics. The present model predicts that for realistic conditions (long nanopores and large external fields) there are two regimes of translocation depending on polymer size: for polymer chains larger than the pore length, the velocity of translocation is nearly constant, while for polymer chains smaller than the pore length the velocity increases with decreasing polymer size. These results agree with experimental data.
Research Review: Gender identity in youth treatment paradigms and controversies

BACKGROUND Pediatric gender identity has gained increased attention over the past several years in the popular media, political arena, and medical literature. This article reviews terminology in this evolving field, traditional models of gender identity development and their limitations, epidemiology and natural history of cross-gender identification among children and adolescents, co-occurring conditions and behaviors, research into the biological and psychosocial determinants of cross-gender identification, and research into the options regarding and benefits of clinical approaches to gender incongruent youth. METHODS Based on a critical review of the extant literature, both theoretical and empirical, that addresses the issue of pediatric gender identity, the authors synthesized what is presently known and what is in need of further research in order to elucidate the developmental trajectory and clinical needs of gender diverse youth. RESULTS The field of pediatric gender identity has evolved substantially over the past several years. New research suggests that cross-gender identification is prevalent (approximately 1% of youth). These youth suffer disproportionately high rates of anxiety, depression, and suicidality. Although research into the etiology of cross-gender identification is limited, emerging data have shown that affirmative treatment protocols may improve the high rates of mental health difficulties seen among these patients. CONCLUSIONS The field of pediatric gender identity has evolved dramatically. Emerging data suggest that these patients' high rates of anxiety, depression, and suicidality appear to be improved with affirmative protocols, although future longitudinal data are needed.
An exploratory study of inducing positive expectancies for psychotherapy

Objectives: The goal of this study was to determine whether explicit presentation of outcome data about the effectiveness of psychotherapy among older adults increased positive expectancy for treatment. Method: The study included an ethically diverse sample of 50 adults over age 60 who screened positive for depression and agreed to participate in the BRIGHTEN Program, an interdisciplinary geriatric mental health program. Prior to treatment initiation, we presented participants with outcome data about psychotherapy, asked participants to rate and respond to the data, and asked participants about prior experience with mental health treatment. These data were collected via semi-structured interviews. Results: Higher importance ratings for the outcome data were significantly associated with starting psychotherapy (r = 0.30, p = 0.04). Depression severity predicted importance assigned to the outcome data (ß = 0.36, p = 0.03), more severely depressed participants rated the outcome data as more important. Qualitative analyses indicated that the presentation of outcome data increased hopefulness for successful treatment. In a hierarchical regression analysis, hopefulness in the data predicted data importance ratings, above and beyond the influence of depression severity (ß = 0.50, p < 0.01). Conclusion: Our results suggest that information about the effectiveness of psychotherapy was important to participants and was associated with starting psychotherapy. High importance ratings for the data were primarily driven by the data increasing hopefulness for successful treatment outcomes. Although this study was exploratory, it suggests that explicit presentation of the effectiveness of psychotherapy may create positive expectancies for treatment among older adults.
Réduction de modèles par CPOD et krigeage - Application à l'optimisation de forme d'un conduit d'admission

Une technique de reduction de modeles combinant une variante contrainte de la methode de decomposition aux valeurs propres avec un metamodele par krigeage est proposee pour representer de maniere economique et precise des ecoulements au sein de la chambre de combustion d'un moteur thermique. Le modele genere est ensuite directement exploitable pour l'optimisation multicritere de la forme du conduit afin de trouver un front de Pareto pour deux objectifs antagonistes : la puissance du moteur et le respect de l'environnement.
Supporting Quality of Service for Internet Multimedia Applications

The Internet has gone from near-invisibility to near-ubiquity and penetrated into every aspect of society in the past decades (Department of Commerce, 1998). The application scenarios have also changed dramatically, and now demand a more sophisticated service model from the network. In the early 1990s, there was a large-scale experiment in sending digitized voice and video across the Internet through a packetswitched infrastructure (Braden, Clark, & Shenker, 1994). These highly-visible experiments have depended upon three enabling technologies: (1) Many modern workstations now come equipped with built-in multimedia hardware, (2) IP multicasting, which was not yet generally available in commercial routers, and (3) Highly-sophisticated digital audio and video applications have been developed. It became clear from these experiments that an important technical element of the Internet is still missing: multimedia, which dominate increasing proportion of today’s data traffic, are not well supported on the Internet.
Clockspeed, competition, and cooperation: incumbent motives and the market for ideas

Abstract Entrepreneurs seeking to pioneer new technologies face a critical choice of how to commercialize their innovation into a market served by incumbent firms. Broadly, they may compete directly or seek a cooperative incumbent partner. Incumbents may not be motivated to cooperate, however, even in conditions theoretically advantageous for a cooperative strategy. Thus, technology entrepreneurs applying prior theory might disclose their innovation in pursuit of a cooperative strategy only to find no incumbents in the target industry interested in cooperating. This factor of incumbent motivation has not been sufficiently developed in the market-for-ideas literature. To address this shortcoming, we emphasize a strategic choice perspective to develop a theoretical framework articulating how incumbent motives for cooperating are affected by the nature of their competitive environment. We argue that the nature of industry clockspeed, the form and pace at which competitive advantages are eroded, affects incumbent motives for cooperating in different ways. For researchers, this suggests an important contextual extension of theory on the market for ideas. For technology entrepreneurs, our analysis suggests clockspeed, as an observable phenomenon, can inform not only their selection of a commercialization strategy but also the form and nature of their innovation.
The Central Limit Theorem Around 1935 L

A long standing problem of probability theory has been to find necessary and sufficient conditions for the approximation of laws of sums of random variables by Gaussian distributions. A chapter in that search was closed by the 1935 work of Feller and Levy and by a beautiful result of Cramer published in early 1936. We review the respective contributions of Feller and Levy mentioning as necessary contributions of Laplace, Poisson, Lindeberg, Bernstein, Kolmogorov, and others, with an effort to place them in the context of the authors' times and in a modern content.