Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
On the theory of the strange and unconventional isotopic effects in ozone formation

The strange mass-independent isotope effect for the enrichment of ozone and the contrastingly unconventional strong mass-dependent effect of individual reaction rate constants are studied using statistical ~RRKM! -based theory with a hindered-rotor transition state. Individual rate constant ratios of recombination reactions and enrichments are calculated. The theory assumes ~1! an ‘‘ h-effect,’’ which can be interpreted as a small deviation from the statistical density of states for symmetric isotopomers, compared with the asymmetric isotopomers, and ~2! weak collisions for deactivation of the vibrationally excited ozone molecules. A partitioning effect controls the recombination rate constant ratios. It arises from small differences in zero-point energies of the two exit channels of dissociation of an asymmetric ozone isotopomer, which are magnified into large differences in numbers of states in the two competing exit channel transition states. In enrichment experiments, in contrast, this partitioning factor disappears exactly @Hathorn and Marcus, J. Chem. Phys. 112, 9497 ~2000! #, and what remains is theh-effect. Both aspects can be regarded as ‘‘symmetry driven’’ isotopic effects. The two experiments, enrichments and rate constant ratios, thus reveal markedly different theoretical aspects of the phenomena. The calculated low-pressure ozone enrichments, the low-pressure recombination rate constant ratios, the effects of pressure on the enrichment, on the individual recombination rate constant ratios, and on the recombination rate constant are consistent with the experimental data. The temperature dependence of the enrichment and of the recombination rate constant ratios is discussed and a variety of experimental tests are proposed. The negative temperature dependence of the isotopic exchange rate constant for the reaction16O118O18O→16O18O118O at 130 K and 300 K is used for testing or providing information on the nature of a variationally determined hindered-rotor transition state. The theory is not limited to ozone formation but is intended to apply to other reactions where a symmetrical stable or unstable gas phase molecule may be formed. © 2002 American Institute of Physics. @DOI: 10.1063/1.1415448 #
Outbreak of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis at a methadone treatment program.

SETTING An out-patient methadone treatment program MTP). OBJECTIVE To investigate transmission of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) in the MTP. DESIGN Cases were defined as MTP clients or staff who developed TB between 1 January 1994 and 1 January 1996, with at least one positive culture for Mycobacterium tuberculosis resistant to isoniazid and rifampin. Contacts were identified, located and evaluated. RESULTS Thirteen cases of MDR-TB occurred among 462 clients and staff. One fifth (6/30) of the members of a counseling group for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infected clients developed MDR-TB. Individuals known to be HIV positive were at greater risk for TB than those who were HIV negative (RR 5.2, 95%CI 1.2-22.7). Of 449 clients and staff identified as contacts, 393 (87.5%) were located and screened. Among those with a negative baseline tuberculin skin test, 18.5% (56/303) were skin test converters. Attendance at the MTP during a period when the index case was infectious was associated with an increased risk of conversion (RR 2.5, 95%CI 1.1-6.0). CONCLUSION Extensive transmission of MDR-TB occurred at an out-patient MTP serving numerous clients with HIV infection. This outbreak underscores the importance of developing effective strategies to prevent TB transmission in this setting.
O acolhimento sob a ótica de profissionais da equipe de saúde da família

Telma DE LIMA (1); Natália DE CÁSSIA HORTA (2); Luísa PEREIRA STORINO (3); Laís APARECIDA MELO FREIRE (4); Rafaela PEREIRA MAGALHÃES (5) (1) Graduada em enfermagem pela Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG); pósgraduada em especialização Saúde da Família pela Unifenas; professora substituta do Instituto Federal de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia; End: Av. Barão do Rio Branco,37,Centro, Machado, MG. ; telmadelima@yahoo.com. br (2) Enfermeira. Mestre pela UFMG. Professora da PUC -MG, nanahorta@yahoo.com. br (3) Enfermeira; lustorino@yahoo.com. br (4) Enfermeira; laisaponto@yahoo.com. br (5) Enfermeira; fafa.maga@ig.com. br.
The Role of 17 α-Hydroxyprogesterone Caproate in the Prevention of Preterm Birth

Preterm birth is a major public-health problem in the USA, which has higher rates of preterm birth than most other developed countries. Attempts at the prevention of preterm birth have been largely unsuccessful. The recent publication of a large, multicenter, randomized trial of 17 α-hydroxyprogesterone caproate, which showed efficacy in preventing recurrent preterm delivery, has sparked renewed interest in progestational drugs in general and this compound in particular for use in preventing preterm delivery. Although this drug is not currently commercially available, an application has been made to the US FDA to produce 17 α-hydroxyprogesterone caproate, as Gestiva™ for the prevention of preterm delivery.
Single and double ionization of the camphor molecule excited around the C 1s edge.

RATIONALE An interesting class of volatile compounds, the monoterpenes, is present in some plants although their functions are not yet fully understood. We have studied the interaction of the camphor molecule with monochromatic high-energy photons (synchrotron radiation) using time-of-flight mass spectrometry and coincidence techniques. METHODS A commercial sample of S-camphor was admitted into the vacuum chamber, without purification, through an inlet system. Monochromatic light with energy around the C 1s edge was generated by the TGM beamline at the Brazilian Synchrotron Facility. A Wiley-McLaren mass spectrometer was used to characterize and detect the ions formed by the camphor photoionization. The data analysis was supported by energy calculations. RESULTS Although the fragmentation patterns were basically the same at 270 eV and 330 eV, it was observed that above the C 1s edge the contribution to the spectrum from lower mass/charge fragment ions increased, pointing to a higher degree of dissociation of the molecule. Projections of the PEPIPICO spectra demonstrated the existence of unstable doubly charged species. The Gibbs free energy was calculated using the Møller-Plesset perturbation theory (MP2) for the neutral, singly and doubly excited camphor molecule. CONCLUSIONS Our PEPIPICO spectrum clearly demonstrated the formation of doubly ionic dissociative species. From a slope analysis, we propose a secondary decay after a deferred charge separation mechanism in which, after a few steps, the camphor dication dissociates into C2 H3 (+) and C3 H5 (+) . This is the main relaxation route observed at 270 eV and 330 eV. The large energy difference between the mono and the dication (of the order of 258.2 kcal/mol) may explain the experimentally observed absence of stable dications in the spectra, because their formation is disadvantaged energetically.
Absence of parasympathetic control of heart rate after human orthotopic cardiac transplantation.

BACKGROUND Partial reinnervation of cardiac sympathetic nerves has been observed after heart transplantation; we hypothesized that parasympathetic control to the heart after transplantation may return as well. To test this hypothesis, we examined heart rate responses produced by two cardiovascular reflexes whose efferent limbs are subserved by vagal fibers to the heart: (1) trigeminal reflex (simulated diving reflex) and (2) arterial baroreflex with phenylephrine injection. METHODS AND RESULTS An "early" group (n=31, <24 months after transplantation) and a "late group" (n=27, >45 months after transplantation) were studied and compared with a control group with intact cardiac innervation (n=32) and a renal transplant group with similar transplant immunosuppressive regimen (n=11). For trigeminal reflex testing, responses of the donor sinus node (DSN) (sinus node controlling heart rate) and recipient sinus node (RSN) in the innervated remnant right atrium in cardiac transplant patients were compared with heart rate responses in the control groups. For arterial baroreflex testing, baroreflex gains for the DSN and RSN in the cardiac transplant groups were compared with those of the control group. With engagement of the trigeminal reflex, the DSN rate of both transplant groups changed minimally (early, 1.2+/-1.2 bpm; late, 1.8+/-2.5 bpm) compared with the expected decrease in control subjects (-19.8+/-3.0 bpm) and renal transplant patients (-23.9+/-4.9 bpm) (P<.001 versus cardiac transplants). Changes in the RSN rate of both cardiac transplant groups (early, -13.0+/-4.0 bpm; late, -10.0+/-3.7 bpm) were similar to the control groups. Arterial baroreflex gains for the DSN were also depressed (early, 0.1+/-0.2 ms/mm Hg; late, 0.2+/-0.2 ms/mm Hg) compared with control (14.9+/-1.8 ms/mm Hg) and RSN (early, 9.9+/-1.3 ms/mm Hg; late, 10.9+/-1.3 ms/mm Hg; P<.001 versus DSN transplant). CONCLUSIONS These data suggest that parasympathetic influences on donor heart rate are absent in the majority of patients up to 96 months after cardiac transplantation.
Image-guided resection for thoracic ossification of the ligamentum flavum.

OBJECT The purpose of this study was to evaluate the advantages of using an image guidance system to aid in the resection of ossified of the ligamentum flavum (OLF) in the thoracic spine. The procedure and surgery-related outcome are discussed. METHODS Ten patients with myelopathy underwent laminotomy with medial facetectomy and an image guidance system was used to remove the OLF. No neurological deterioration occurred, and postoperative computerized tomography scanning demonstrated successful decompression and good preservation of the lateral parts of the facet joints. CONCLUSIONS The image guidance system allows accurate resection of the OLF while preserving as much as possible the facet joints and posterior elements of the thoracic spine.
L'entretien clinique

Dans ce manuel sont expliques concretement l’importance et le role de la formation du futur psychologue clinicien. Les differents chapitres sont rediges par des enseignants, eux-memes praticiens, sachant associer pratique et theorie, experience professionnelle et concepts. Le manuel indispensable a tous les futurs psychologues cliniciens en formation.
Tissue distribution of and species differences in deacetylation of N‐acetyl‐L‐cysteine and immunohistochemical localization of acylase I in the primate kidney

Species differences in the biotransformation of N‐acetyl‐L‐cysteine (NAC) have been investigated to evaluate the usefulness of NAC as a constituent in parenteral nutrition solutions in place of cysteine. The activity of NAC‐deacetylating enzyme (acylase) was measured in various tissues of different species (rat, rabbit, dog, monkey, and man). Acylase activity was highest in the kidney in all species studied. Enzyme activity in the liver was 10%‐22% of that in the kidney in the rat, rabbit, monkey, and man, but almost no hepatic activity was seen in the dog. NAC‐deacetylating activity was very low in other organs. The tissue distribution of acylase I was determined by Western blotting and an immunohistochemical method employing specific antibody against porcine acylase I (EC 3.5.1.14). The immunoblotting study showed a 46‐kDa protein band corresponding to porcine acylase I in the kidney of all species. In liver cytosol, 46 kDa and/or 29 kDa bands were observed in the rat, rabbit, monkey, and man, but not in the dog. In the immunohistochemical study, positive staining with anti‐acylase I antibody was observed clearly in the renal proximal tubules in the monkey and man. These results suggested that the kidney and liver were the main organs responsible for the biotransformation of NAC to cysteine in mammals other than the dog.
Networking lessons in delivering ‘Software as a Service’—part I

This is a two‐part paper. In part I, we describe the origins of Software as a Service (SaaS) and its value proposition to Corporate IT, Service Providers, Independent Software Vendors, and End Users. In part II, we examine the networking lessons learned in researching, building, and running a SaaS service. Copyright © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Wage Effects of Employment Protection Legislation in Taiwan

This study investigates the effects of employment protection on wages. The implementation of employment protection legislation increases employers' firing costs and reduces labor turnover, and, therefore, results in lower wages. Our empirical results show that the implementation of Taiwan's leads to a reduction in wages, the effects of which varies with the stringency of the law's enforcement. In addition, employment protection can lead to a decrease in wage dispersion, implying the worsening of job matches.
Design and characterization concepts of a broadband chip-integrated antenna

This paper presents the integrated antenna of a frequency modulated constant wave (FMCW) radar chip operating in the 79 GHz band. Besides the transmitting and receiving mode of the chip, an alternative to characterize the antenna reflection coefficient, gain, and radiation pattern are implemented on chip. The multiple options are established by using the focused ion beam (FIB) process in combination with a short-circuited quarter wavelength transformer. Additionally, a through-reflect-line (TRL) calibration is provided on chip to deembed the probe tips. The measured 10 dB matching bandwidth of the antenna is 9 GHz with a flat gain of 2 dBi and a radiation efficiency of about 30%.
Trusting Mobile User Devices and Security Modules

The market for devices like mobile phones, multifunctional watches, and personal digital assistants is growing rapidly. Most of these mobile user devices need security for their prospective electronic commerce applications. While new technology has simplified many business and personal transactions, it has also opened the door to high-tech crime. We investigate design options for mobile user devices that are used in legally significant applications.
A new controlled gain phase-locked loop technique

In this paper, a new Controlled Gain PLL (CGPLL) technique is described. The proposed technique is based on an Analog Frequency Detector (AFD) and a Controlled Gain Charge Pump (CGCP). It achieves a fast lock-in time, while simultaneously providing a good stability and a low jitter. The CGPLL, which is a charge-pump type PLL, includes a phase-frequency detector, a CGCP, a low-pass filter, and a Wide Swing Differential Voltage Controlled Oscillator (WSDVCO). The PLL gain adaptation is accomplished by varying the current in the charge pump according to the frequency deviation between the input and VCO output signals. The proposed CGPLL was designed using 0.25 /spl mu/m CMOS technology. Spectre simulation results show that its lock-in time is 10 times shorter (for the same operating voltage and frequency) than a previously proposed PLL, which is based on the same circuitry, except for the loop adaptation mechanism.
A BIG BOOK AND A SMALL BOOK ON SELECTION

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Preventing Hip Fracture After Stroke

Abstract Hip fracture after stroke is a frequently occurring and costly complication. The bone quality of stroke survivors is affected by decreased mobility, asymmetric weight bearing, and impaired vitamin D stores. Simultaneously, the risk of falling after stroke is often increased by various impairments. Yet, attempts to limit falls are not enough to prevent fractures. Closer attention to bone health is also needed. Bone markers, which reflect the dynamics of bone remodeling, are becoming more available. Activity is necessary for bone health, but there are no clear guidelines for the type and amount of therapeutic exercise. New metrics for studying bone mineral density and exercise are on the horizon. Finally, there appears to be a role for bisphosphonate prophylaxis in a yet-to-be-defined at-risk population of stroke survivors. The purpose of this review is to discuss the setting for hip fracture after stroke and assess emerging treatments and technologies that may be used to combat the problem.
Young Adult Outcomes and the Life-Course Penalties of Parental Incarceration

Objectives: The transition to adulthood can be challenging, especially for children of incarcerated parents. Drawing on reentry and life-course scholarship, we argue that parental incarceration may adversely affect multiple life outcomes for children as they progress from adolescence into adulthood and that such effects may persist from early young adulthood into late young adulthood. Methods: The study uses propensity score matching analyses of National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent Health data (N = 12,844). Results: Analyses identified harmful effects of parental incarceration on many life domains, including criminal behavior, mental health, illegal drug use, education, earnings, and intimate relationships. These effects typically surfaced by early young adulthood and continued into late young adulthood. Conclusions: The results suggest that parental incarceration constitutes a significant turning point in the lives of young people and underscore the importance of life-course perspectives for understanding incarceration effects. They also illustrate that formal punishment policies may create harms that potentially offset intended benefits.
Changes in semantic uses of first person pronouns as possible linguistic markers of recovery in psychotherapy.

OBJECTIVE To examine changes in linguistic markers in the course of psychotherapy, drawing on Frege's logic of relations to define semantic variables distinct from syntactic variables. METHOD From a sample of 73 patients, 10 patients with the best and 10 patients with the worst outcomes were selected. Forty transcribed sessions of each outcome group were compared statistically for change between commencement and termination of psychotherapy in: (i) the syntactic usage of first person pronouns ('I', 'me', 'we', 'us', 'implied I', 'implied me'); (ii) semantic usage of first person pronouns (expressing alpha, omega, or unclear positions); and (iii) non-pronoun linguistic variables (passive voice, negative, copula, auxiliary verbs expressing a sense of obligation). RESULTS There were no significant differences between the best and worst outcome groups in the change of either syntactic usage, or of the non-pronoun linguistic variables. However, the outcome groups differed significantly in the change of their semantic usage (alpha: p = 0.002; omega: p = 0.028): The best outcome group showed an increase of alpha positions and a decrease of omega positions, whereas the worst outcome group showed the inverse (i.e. decrease of alpha and increase of omega positions). CONCLUSIONS Results suggest only semantic, that is meaning-driven, usage of first person pronouns marks recovery in the course of psychotherapy. If replicated, this finding could be used to monitor treatment responses. Replication in other kinds of treatment could mean these semantic changes are markers of recovery more generally than in psychotherapy.
Oxidative deamination of sulfonyl, sulfonyl and thiosulfonyl amino acids by D-aspartate oxidase.

C3 and C4α-amino acids bearing an —SO2H, —SO2SH or —SO3H ω-group are oxidatively deaminated by partially purified D-aspartate oxidase preparations obtained from beef, pig or rabbit kidney. From the C3 sulfur-containing amino acids the partially oxidized sulfur radicals (—SO2H, —SO2SH) are split off during the reaction, originating pyruvate. When a fully oxidized sulfur radical (—SO3H) is present, sulfopyruvic acid is obtained. The C4 sulfur-containing amino acids all give rise to the corresponding sulfur-containing ketoacids. The Km and V values observed with the three different enzyme preparations for all the compounds under study are reported. The present results and some observations already known suggest that the substitution of a partially or fully oxidized sulfur radical for the ω-carboxyl group does not greatly affect the specificity of enzymes acting on dicarboxylic amino acids.
Why does electromagnetism conserve parity?

The assumption of electrical neutrality of the neutrino in the context of the standard model is shown to explain why electromagnetism conserves parity. We then construct an extension of the standard model where the neutrino has a nonzero but tiny charge. Such theories necessarily imply a parity-violating component in QED and nonconservation of electric charge ({Delta}{ital Q}{ne}0). The strengths of the parity-violating component of QED as well as {Delta}{ital Q}{ne}0 interactions are connected to the nonvanishing neutrino charge {ital Q}{sub {nu}} which is shown to be bounded by {ital Q}{sub {nu}}{le}10{sup {minus}28}{ital e} in the context of these models.
CNFs@CNTs: Superior Carbon for Electrochemical Energy Storage

** The authors are indebted to the Max Planck Society and acknowledge support within the framework of the ENERCHEM project. The authors would like to acknowledge technical assistance from the Combicat Centre, Universiti Malaya (Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia); Edith Kitzelmann, Fritz-Haber-Institut; and Dr. Andreja Gajovic, Molecular Physics Laboratory, Rudjer Boskovic Institute (Zagred, Croatia). Supporting Information is available online from Wiley InterScience or from the author.
Disease severity and radioactive iodine use for thyroid cancer.

CONTEXT Although variation in radioactive iodine (RAI) use for thyroid cancer has been demonstrated, the role of region and nonclinical correlates of use within risk groups has not been investigated. OBJECTIVE The objective of the study was to determine the correlates of RAI use within risk groups. DESIGN/SETTING/PATIENTS Use of RAI was evaluated across 9 US regions in 85 948 patients with well-differentiated thyroid cancer diagnosed between 2004 and 2008 at 986 hospitals associated with the US National Cancer Database. Cancers were then categorized as low risk (tumor size ≤ 1 cm and American Joint Committee on Cancer stage I disease), medium risk (neither low nor high-risk), and high risk (American Joint Committee on Cancer stage III or IV). Within each risk stratum, the role of region and nonclinical correlates of RAI use were evaluated using hierarchical logistic regression. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE Use of RAI was measured. RESULTS Rates of RAI use varied across geographic regions from 49% to 66%. Regional differences persisted after controlling for patient and hospital characteristics and evaluating less vs more intensive regions within low-risk [odds ratio (OR) 0.36 (95% confidence interval [CI] 0.25-0.53)], medium-risk [OR 0.23 (95% CI 0.16-0.34)], and high-risk cancers [OR 0.30 (95% CI 0.19-0.49)]. Patterns of RAI use were similar in medium- and high-risk patients. The most nonclinical correlates of use were in low-risk patients. CONCLUSION Similar treatment patterns for the heterogeneous medium-risk thyroid cancer patients compared with the high-risk patients suggest more intensive management in patients with medium-risk disease. The large number of nonclinical correlates of RAI use, including region, imply controversy over indications for RAI.