Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Computational Analysis of Turkish Makam Music: Review of State-of-the-Art and Challenges

Abstract This text targets a review of the computational analysis literature for Turkish makam music, discussing in detail the challenges involved and presenting a perspective for further studies. For that purpose, the basic concepts of Turkish makam music and the description of melodic, rhythmic and timbral aspects are considered in detail. Studies on tuning analysis, automatic transcription, automatic melodic analysis, automatic makam and usul detection are reviewed. Technological and data resource needs for further advancement are discussed and available sources are presented.
Monetary Policy Rules, Macroeconomic Stability, and Inflation: A View from the Trenches

I estimate a forward-looking monetary policy reaction function for the Federal Reserve for the periods before and after Paul Volcker's appointment as Chairman in 1979, using information that was available to the FOMC in real time from 1966 to 1995. The results suggest broad similarities in policy and point to a forward-looking approach to policy consistent with a strong reaction to inflation forecasts during both periods. This contradicts the hypothesis, based on analysis with ex post constructed data, that the instability of the Great Inflation was the result of weak FOMC policy responses to expected inflation. A difference is that prior to Volcker's appointment, policy was too activist in reacting to perceived output gaps that retrospectively proved overambitious. Drawing on contemporaneous accounts of FOMC policy, I discuss the implications of the findings for alternative explanations of the Great Inflation and the improvement in macroeconomic stability since then.
Generation-dependent charge carrier transport in Cu(In,Ga)Se2/CdS/ZnO thin-film solar-cells

Cross section electron-beam induced current (EBIC) and illumination-dependent current voltage (IV) measurements show that charge carrier transport in Cu(In,Ga)Se2 (CIGSe)/CdS/ZnO solar-cells is generation-dependent. We perform a detailed analysis of CIGSe solar cells with different CdS layer thicknesses and varying Ga-content in the absorber layer. In conjunction with numerical simulations, EBIC and IV data are used to develop a consistent model for charge and defect distributions with a focus on the heterojunction region. The best model to explain our experimental data is based on a p+ layer at the CIGSe/CdS interface leading to generation-dependent transport in EBIC at room temperature. Acceptor-type defect states at the CdS/ZnO interface cause a significant reduction of the photocurrent in the red-light illuminated IV characteristics at low temperatures (red kink effect). Shallow donor-type defect states at the p+ layer/CdS interface of some grains of the absorber layer are responsible for grain specif.
Composing Music in Constrained Search Environments

Composing music with computers in constrained search environments adds complexities and problems not present in the traditional problem domain of generative music. The traditional and well researched mechanisms of Markov chains, genetic algorithms and data driven rule based systems do not directly map to a problem domain in which pitch choice and rhythm choice are likely to be highly limited. We therefore explore several possible solutions to generating rhythms in extremely constrained environments with the goal of generating music that adheres to user specified constraints and is aesthetically pleasing.
A study on the state-ofthe-art in automated map generalisation implemented in commercial out-ofthe-box software

This paper describes the set up and the progress of the EuroSDR project that studies the state-of-the-art in automated map generalisation implemented in commercial out-of-thebox software. The project started in October 2006 with a project team consisting of National Mapping Agencies (NMAs) and research institutes. From October 2006 till May 2007 four test cases of four different NMAs were selected, consisting of a large scale source data set, requirements for the smaller scale output map as well as symbolisation information. Much effort has been put in specifying and harmonising requirements for the output maps. These requirements have been defined as a set of constraints to be respected in the output maps. From June 2007 the project team tested the four test cases with four commercial out-of-the-box software systems: ArcGIS, Genesys, Change/Push/Typify and Clarity. The vendors of these systems performed parallel tests on the four test cases in which they were allowed to customise their systems. An evaluation methodology has been designed and partly implemented. Results are expected by the end of 2008.
Shear wave splitting applications for fracture analysis and improved imaging: some onshore examples

Richard Bale, Bruno Gratacos, Bruce Mattocks, Steve Roche, Kostya Poplavskii and Xinxiang Li1 explain the value of shear wave splitting for reservoir characterization when using multi-component land seismic data. They illustrate the technique with data examples from the US and Canada.
Multi-objective risk-averse two-stage stochastic programming problems

We consider a multi-objective risk-averse two-stage stochastic programming problem with a multivariate convex risk measure. We suggest a convex vector optimization formulation with set-valued constraints and propose an extended version of Benson's algorithm to solve this problem. Using Lagrangian duality, we develop scenario-wise decomposition methods to solve the two scalarization problems appearing in Benson's algorithm. Then, we propose a procedure to recover the primal solutions of these scalarization problems from the solutions of their Lagrangian dual problems. Finally, we test our algorithms on a multi-asset portfolio optimization problem under transaction costs.
Bringing Incremental Builds to Continuous Integration

Incremental builds can considerably speed up the edit-compile-test loop during program development. While this technique is commonly used for local builds, it is seldom enabled during continuous integration. Correctness of continuous integration builds is usually preferred to compilation speed. With current tools, it is not trivial to get both properties, but we show that it is theoretically achievable with a carefully designed system. We ﬁrst assess the potential beneﬁts of incremental builds in continuous integration environments. We then identify di ﬀ erent reasons that prevent that optimisation in practice. From these, we derive requirements to be met by future build systems to support incremental continuous integration. These steps are illustrated with existing tools, research insight and sample cases from industry. Ultimately, this paper deﬁnes a new research direction at the intersection of build systems and continuous integration.
The Long and Short of Tax Efficiency

For many private investors, tax efficiency is often addressed by employing investment managers with low portfolio turnover or by incorporating a “tax efficient core” as part of a more diversified portfolio. In this paper, the author suggests that there are situations where the pursuit of tax efficiency can and should take place outside of an investor's core portfolio. His proposed solution, ironically, relies on hedge funds, which are notoriously known as tax inefficient investment strategies. He maintains that certain types of hedge funds—when managed appropriately—can be excellent vehicles for increasing the tax efficiency of a portfolio.
Labels of opportunity - A Response to Carson and Rowley

Rix, Jonathan (2007). Labels of opportunity - A response to Carson and Rowley. Ethical Space: TheInternational Journal of Communication Ethics, 4(3), pp. 25–27.For guidance on citations see FAQs.c 2007 International Journal of Communication EthicsVersion: Accepted ManuscriptLink(s) to article on publisher’s website:http://www.troubador. co.uk/ethicalspace/Copyright and Moral Rights for the articles on this site are retained by the individual authors and/or other copy-right owners. For more information on Open Research Online’s data policy on reuse of materials please consultthe policies page.
The residency discount for rents in Germany and the Tenancy Law Reform Act 2001 : Evidence from quantile regressions

Most countries show a residency discount in rents for sitting tenants. In the wake of strong rent increases and housing shortages, Germany implemented a reform in 2001 to curtail rent increases. Based on linked housing-tenant data for Germany, this paper estimates panel OLS and quantile regressions of rents within tenancies. The results show that rents deflated by the CPI increase strongly from 1984 until the reform in 2001, and there is a reversal in the trend afterwards. Before the reform, there is a significant residence discount which decreases in absolute value with tenure. The reform reduces rents, in particular for expensive apartments and for new leases. There is no residency discount after the reform.
Frequency analysis of extreme floods in a highly developed river basin

Abstract. Design flood, river discharge with a particular return period, is fundamental to determine the scale of flood control facilities. In addition, considering a changing climate, not only frequencies of river discharge at design level but those of devastating flooding are also crucial. Characteristics of river discharge during extreme floods largely differ from those during others because of upstream dam operation and/or river overflow; however, flood frequency analysis (FFA) from past discharge data is difficult to represent such impact because river basins rarely experience floods over the design level after river improvement and dam construction. To account for the above impact on extreme flood frequencies, this study presented a rainfall-based flood frequency model (RFFM) that derives flood frequencies from probabilistic rainfall modelling that empirically represents probabilistic structure of rainfall intensity over a catchment by directly using observed spatial-temporal rainfall profiles. The RFFM was applied to the Yodo River basin, Japan and demonstrated that flood frequency estimations by the RFFM well represent past flood frequencies at the Hirakata gauging station. Furthermore, the RFFM showed that return periods of large flood peaks are estimated at extremely large values, reflecting decrease of discharge by the inundation in an upstream area of the gauging station. On the other hand, FFA from past discharge data did not represent this impact because it has not experienced such huge flood peaks in an observation period. This study demonstrated the importance of the RFFM for flood frequency estimations, including those exceeding the design level.
A proof of the generalized second-limit theorem in the theory of probability

A particular case is represented by dF(x) =f(x)dx, where f(x), summable and >0, is the "probability density" or "law of distribution" for x. The expression f -'. xsdF(x) is called the "sth moment" of the distribution, s taking values 0, 1, 2, The Second Limit-Theorem, which was the starting point of this paper, can be stated, with A. Markoff,t as follows: If a sequence of laws of probability Fkjx) (k = 1, 2, * is such that they admit moments of all orders, and if
MASS BALANCE IN LATTICE BOLTZMANN METHOD WITH DIRICHLET VELOCITY BOUNDARY CONDITION

The lattice Boltzmann method (LBM) (Succi, 2001) has been developed to be a powerful numerical method for fl uid fl ow simulation in the last three decades. Traditional computational fl uid dynamic (CFD) methods, such as fi nite volume method (FVM) and fi nite difference method (FDM), solve difference mass and momentum equations to obtain the velocity, density, and pressure directly. Different from them, the LBM solves the mesoscopic density distribution parameters fi rst and then uses them to calculate the macroscopic parameters that can also satisfy the mass and momentum equations. The LBM has been applied to many fl uid fl ow and heat transfer problems, including incompressible fl uid fl ow (Zou et al., 1995; Li et al., 2014d), natural convection (Li et al., 2016a,b; Rahmati et al., 2009), porous media fl uid fl ow (Chen and Doolen, 1998; Guo and Zhao, 2002), and phase change problems (Chatterjee and Chakraborty, 2005; Li et al., 2014c, 2015b). Comparing with the traditional methods, the LBM shows its advantages in easy code settings, applicability in parallel computing (Wang and Aoki, 2011), and suitability to complex fl uid fl ow. Several hybrid methods are developed to take advantages of both the CFD and LBM (Li et al., 2014a,b). The LBM can also be coupled with the Monte Carlo method to solve fl uid fl ow and heat transfer problems (Li et al., 2015a). Some basic problems still remain in this algorithm. For example, there are many boundary condition setting methods in the LBM without reaching agreement. Latt and Chopard (2008) compared fi ve straight common boundary conditions and suggested that all the methods can yield macroscopic results of the same MASS BALANCE IN LATTICE BOLTZMANN METHOD WITH DIRICHLET VELOCITY BOUNDARY CONDITION
Assessing the Level of Emotional Intelligence among Future Vocational Workforce in Jordan

The purpose of this study was to assess the level of emotional intelligence among future vocational workforce in Jordan. A total of 150 vocational students participated in the study by completing the Emotional Intelligence Scale (EIS). The results indicated that vocational students have an acceptable moderate level of emotional intelligence on the five dimensions. Moreover, there were no significant differences between dimensions of emotional intelligence and the proposed demographic variables (gender and area of specialization). Finally, several recommendations were suggested for improving emotional intelligence among vocational students that can contribute to better job performance. (
Stresa , Italy , 25-27 April 2007 PROFILE CONTROL OF A BOROSILICATE-GLASS GROOVE FORMED BY DEEP REACTIVE ION ETCHING

Deep reactive ion etching (DRIE) of borosilicate glass and profile control of an etched groove are reported. DRIE was carried out using an anodically bonded silicon wafer as an etching mask. We controlled the groove profile, namely improving its sidewall angle, by removing excessively thick polymer film produced by carbonfluoride etching gases during DRIE. Two fabrication processes were experimentally compared for effective removal of the film: DRIE with the addition of argon to the etching gases and a novel combined process in which DRIE and subsequent ultrasonic cleaning in DI water were alternately carried out. Both processes improved the sidewall angle, and it reached 85 independent of the mask-opening width. The results showed the processes can remove excessive polymer film on sidewalls. Accordingly, the processes are an effective way to control the groove profile of borosilicate glass.
EVALUATION OF HYPOGLYCEMIC AND HYPOLIPIDEMIC EFFECTS OF INTERNAL SEPTUM OF WALNUT FRUIT IN ALLOXAN-INDUCED DIABETIC RATS

Background: Todays, the popularity of herbal medicine is increasing worldwide. Due to importance the evaluation of medicinal herbs efficacy and safety, the present study was conducted to investigate the antidiabetic and hypolipidemic effects of internal septum of walnut fruit (ISWF) ethanolic extract in diabetic rats. Materials and methods: Alloxan diabetic rats treated orally with ethanolic extract of ISWF (0-400mg/kg) for 28 days. To evaluate its anti-diabetic activity, the animals fasting blood glucose were determined on the first, 14th and 29th days. Moreover, oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) was performed in diabetic rats at the last day of the study. After 24h of last administration, the blood samples were collected, and the Plasma lipids and liver enzymes levels were measured in fasting overnight rats. Results: The extract significantly decreased blood glucose (p
How to Discover Knowledge for Improving Availability in the Manufacturing Domain

This paper presents a specific process model for Knowledge Discovery in Databases (KDD) projects aiming at availability improvement in manufacturing. For this purpose, Overall Equipment Efficiency (OEE) is analyzed and used, since it is an approved approach to monitor and improve the degree of availability in manufacturing. To define the specific process model, we use the generic CRISPDM reference model and conduct a mapping for availability improvement. We prove the applicability of our model in the context of a specific KDD project in a large enterprise in the manufacturing industry.
A Mathematical Model for Predicting Debt Repayment: A Technical Note

Debt collection is a massive industry, within the USA alone more than $50 billion recovered each year. However the information available is often limited and incomplete, and predicting whether a given debtor would repay is inherently a challenging task. This has amplified research on debt recovery classification and prediction models of late. This report considers three main mathematical, data mining and statistical models in debt recovery classification, in logistic regression, artificial neural networks and affinity analysis. It also compares the effectiveness of the above-mentioned tools in evaluating whether a debt is likely to be repaid. The construction and analysis of the models were based on a fairly large unbalanced data sample provided by a debt collection agency. We have shown that all three models could classify the debt repayments with a considerable accuracy, if the assumptions of the models are satisfied.
The JHU Machine Translation Systems for WMT 2018

We report on the efforts of the Johns Hopkins University to develop neural machine translation systems for the shared task for news translation organized around the Conference for Machine Translation (WMT) 2018. We developed systems for German–English, English– German, and Russian–English. Our novel contributions are iterative back-translation and fine-tuning on test sets from prior years.
UvA-DARE (Digital Academic Repository) Interactive Indexing and Retrieval of Multimedia Content

The indexing and retrieval of multimedia items is di–cult due to the semantic gap between the user’s perception of the data and the descriptions we can derive automatically from the data using computer vision, speech recognition, and natural language processing. In this contribution we consider the nature of the semantic gap in more detail and show examples of methods that help in limiting the gap. These methods can be automatic, but in general the indexing and retrieval of multimedia items should be a collaborative process between the system and the user. We show how to employ the users’ interaction.
Vibration Attenuation and Frequency Band Gaps in Layered Periodic Foundation : Theory and Experiment

Guided by the recent advances in solid-state research in periodic materials, a new type of layered periodic foundation consisting of concrete and rubber layers is proposed. The distinct feature of this new foundation is its frequency bands; as a result, it cannot transmit motions falling in the frequency band gap, so the foundation itself is a seismic isolator. Using the theory of elastodynamics and the Bloch-Floquet theorem, the mechanism of band gaps in periodic composites is explained and a finite element model is built to show the isolation characteristic of a finite dimensional periodic foundation. Based on these analytical results, moreover, a scaled model frame and a periodic foundation were fabricated and shake table tests of the frame on the periodic foundation were performed. Strong vibration attenuation is found when the exciting frequency falls into the band gaps.
Dissimilatory nitrate reduction to ammonium (DNRA) as a nitrogen link, versus denitrification as a sink in a shallow estuary (Laguna Madre/Baffin Bay, Texas)

Rates of nitrate (NO3 - ) reduction to nitrogen gas (N2) and ammonium (NH4 + ) were mea- sured in August and December 1999 on intact cores (Laguna Madre and Baffin Bay, Texas) using flowing seawater enriched with 15 NO3 - . The combination of membrane inlet mass spectrometry (MIMS) and high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) allowed accurate and simple estima- tion of these 2 dissimilatory pathways of NO3 - reduction. NO3 - enrichment (~100 µM 15 NO3 - ) did not stimulate denitrification (mean ± SE = 55 ± 16 and 69 ± 15 (Aug 99), -11 ± 16 and 11 ± 18 (Dec 99) µmol N m -2 h -1 before and after 15 NO3 - addition, respectively; n = 8). However, 15 NH4 + production rates increased after the 15 NO3 - addition (69 ± 14 (Aug 99), 50 ± 9 (Dec 99) µmol N m -2 h -1 ), comprised about 1/3 of total NH4 + flux, and were comparable to denitrification rates. A larger portion of added 15 NO 3 - was converted to 15 NH 4 + (15 to 75%) than to N 2 ( 29+ 30 N 2; 5 to 29%) on both sampling dates. High dissimilatory NO3 - reduction to NH4 + (DNRA) and low denitrification suggest that sulfide may influence the processes. High sulfide concentrations inhibit nitrification and denitrification but may enhance DNRA by providing an electron donor. Inhibited denitrification and enhanced DNRA may preserve available nitrogen in Laguna Madre/Baffin Bay, which has limited water exchange with other bodies of water.
Transition into marriage in Greater Jakarta

This article addresses the question of whether a shift to a self-chosen marriage partner means that traditional cultural norms stressing family influence on spouse selection have been weakened by inroads of modern norms of greater individual autonomy in the marriage process. Using a representative sample of 1552 married young adults (aged 20–34) in Greater Jakarta, we explore the courtship processes and the degree of parental role involved in spouse selection. Although only 4% of the respondents cited that their marriage was arranged by others, over half of the respondents reported their parents or in-laws played a major role in their marriage decision. Our multivariate analysis suggests that tertiary educated respondents are those most likely to report their parents playing a major role. We reflect on the prevailing cultural norms to discuss the centrality of family in studying the interactions between marriage, education, and social mobility in modern Indonesia.
Collapse of Singular Isothermal Spheres to Black Holes

We study the gravitational collapse of a relativistic singular isothermal sphere that is initially in unstable equilibrium. In the subsequent collapse, the dynamic spacetime is self-similar. The infall proceeds in an inside-out fashion, mimicking its Newtonian counterpart in star formation. A spherical expansion wave propagates outward at the speed of sound, initiating an inward collapse relative to local static observers. Outside of the expansion wave front, matter remains in local equilibrium. Inside, fluid elements are accelerated from rest toward the expanding black hole event horizon. When the singular isothermal sphere is initially threaded by a uniform but weak magnetic field, the frozen-in field lines accumulate above the horizon according to a distant observer, while assuming a split-monopole configuration on a larger scale. When the magnetized system also possesses rotation, such a configuration may naturally develop a vigorous outflow in the simultaneous presence of an accretion inflow. We speculate that such a process underlies the well-known relationship between mass and bulge velocity dispersion of supermassive black holes in the nuclei of galaxies.
Co-researching as a driver for technological innovation: Computing and Cultural Heritage

A recurring question in defining publicly funded research programmes is “what research should be funded publicly and what should be funded through the private sector? ”. The way this question is usually answered has placed emphasis on seeking to ensure that research that has a payback in purely economic terms is funded (at least in part) by those most likely to receive the economic benefit, but evaluating “who benefits? ” and “how? ” is not always easy to deduce from the research questions posed.