Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Accretion Signatures from Massive Young Stellar Objects

High-resolution (λ/Δλ = 50,000) K-band spectra of massive, embedded, young stellar objects are presented. The present sample consists of four massive young stars located in nascent clusters powering Galactic giant H II regions. Emission in the 2.3 μm 2-0 vibrational-rotational band head of CO is observed. A range of velocity-broadened profiles seen in three of the objects is consistent with the emission arising from a circumstellar disk seen at various inclination angles. Brγ spectra that support an accretion disk or torus model for massive stars of the same spectral and spatial resolution are also presented. In the fourth object, Br emission suggesting a rotating torus is observed, but the CO profile is narrow, indicating that there may be different CO emission mechanisms in massive stars; this is consistent with earlier observations of the BN object and MWC 349. To date, only young massive stars of late O or early B types have been identified with clear accretion disk signatures in such embedded clusters. Often such stars are found in the presence of other, more massive stars that are revealed by their photospheric spectra but exhibit no disk signatures. This suggests that the timescale for dissipating their disks is much faster than that of the less massive OB stars or that the most massive stars do not form with accretion disks.
The Necessity for Sphenoidal Electrodes in the Presurgical Evaluation of Temporal Lobe Epilepsy: Pro Position

Summary Whether sphenoidal electrodes should be used in the presurgical evaluation of people with refractory epilepsy has remained controversial. Many studies have been published touting their advantages, or conversely, their lack of benefit. The present paper reviews the evidence supporting the utility of sphenoidal electrodes. In principle, sphenoidal electrodes have an advantage over laterally placed scalp electrodes in detecting inferiorly directed mesial temporal discharges. Published studies demonstrate that sphenoidal electrodes are more sensitive than scalp electrodes and sometimes detect interictal spikes and seizures not seen with scalp electrodes. While the net added yield is relatively low, perhaps 5 to 10%, those patients in whom sphenoidal electrodes provide unique localizing information have much to gain. Sphenoidal electrodes may spare some patients unnecessary intracranial electrode investigation and permit surgery for others.
On the concretely passive realization of reduced circuit models based on convex constrained positive real fractions identification

The paper deals with the problem of concretely passive realizations of reduced models directly associated to Foster (matrix) expansions. After considering the procedure named Positive Fraction Vector Fitting (PFVF), based on convex passive constrained optimization applied to a pole-residue scheme identification, we will show how such formulation allows unique and straightforward possibility of concretely passive realizations, by means of generalized Foster matrices. This remarkable property, not common to other passive macromodeling techniques, complements the already known favorable aspects of PFVF with a straightforward possibility of a purely passive elements circuit realization.
Patterns as indicators of productivity enhancement by facilitation and competition in dryland vegetation

[1] Well-defined vegetation patterns are a widespread feature of dryland landscapes, where spotted, banded, or other organized systems of vegetation patches are bordered by bare soil. A number of different mechanisms have been invoked to explain the emergence of these patterns and to associate their geometrical features to the driving (biotic and abiotic) processes. A commonly accepted theory of pattern formation is based on the interplay between mechanisms of short-range facilitation and long-range competition with surrounding vegetation. Recently associated with the emergence of vegetation patterns, these short- and long-range interactions have been seldom interpreted as a means for plants to enhance their chances of survival in arid environments. Here we develop a simplistic facilitation-competition model to show how these spatial interactions increase the productivity of dryland ecosystems. Stable (sparsely) vegetated states are shown to occur even in systems in which unvegetated conditions are the only stable state of the local dynamics (i.e., in the absence of spatial interaction). Pattern emergence is also interpreted as an easily detectable sign of the occurrence of highly effective resource allocation and use due to spatial interactions. Moreover, the resilience of vegetated states is qualitatively related to pattern geometry.
Coordination of autophagosome–lysosome fusion and transport by a Klp98A–Rab14 complex in Drosophila

ABSTRACT Degradation of cellular material by autophagy is essential for cell survival and homeostasis, and requires intracellular transport of autophagosomes to encounter acidic lysosomes through unknown mechanisms. Here, we identify the PX-domain-containing kinesin Klp98A as a new regulator of autophagosome formation, transport and maturation in Drosophila. Depletion of Klp98A caused abnormal clustering of autophagosomes and lysosomes at the cell center and reduced the formation of starvation-induced autophagic vesicles. Reciprocally, overexpression of Klp98A redistributed autophagic vesicles towards the cell periphery. These effects were accompanied by reduced autophagosome–lysosome fusion and autophagic degradation. In contrast, depletion of the conventional kinesin heavy chain caused a similar mislocalization of autophagosomes without perturbing their fusion with lysosomes, indicating that vesicle fusion and localization are separable and independent events. Klp98A-mediated fusion required the endolysosomal GTPase Rab14, which interacted and colocalized with Klp98A, and required Klp98A for normal localization. Thus, Klp98A coordinates the movement and fusion of autophagic vesicles by regulating their positioning and interaction with the endolysosomal compartment. Summary: Autophagic degradation requires trafficking and fusion of autophagosomes and lysosomes. Here, Rab14 and the PX-domain-containing kinesin Klp98A are shown to promote vesicle formation, transport and fusion.
Trimethoprim‐sulphamethoxazole appears more effective than aerosolized pentamidine as secondary prophylaxis against Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia in patients with AIDS

ObjectiveWe compared the efficacies of low-dose trimethoprim—sulphamethoxazole (TMP-SMX; one tablet: IMP, 160 mg, SMX, 800 mg, twice daily, twice a week) and aerosolized pentamidine (300 mg every 4 weeks) as secondary prophylaxis against Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (PCP) in patients with HIV infection. DesignA retrospective controlled study. SettingThe study was performed at St Vincent's Hospital, Sydney, Australia, which is a tertiary referral university hospital. Patients, participantsOver a 4-year period, following primary episodes of PCP, 60 patients received TMP—SMX and 73 aerosolized pentamidine. Thirty-eight patients who received no secondary prophylaxis served as historical controls. Main outcome measuresThe rate of and time to PCP relapse was recorded for patients receiving low-dose TMP-SMX, aerosolized pentamidine, or no prophylaxis. ResultsOnly one (1.7%) patient in the TMP—SMX-treated group relapsed, compared with 31 (42.5%) of those in the aerosolized pentamidine group and 21 (55.1%) of those in the control group (P<0.0001). Median PCP-free survival times were > 1153 days in the TMP—SMX group, 496 days in the pentamidine group, and 265 days in the control group (P< 0.0001 between all groups). The rate of or time to relapse was not influenced by CD4+ lymphocyte count at the start of prophylaxis, primary therapy of PCP, history of allergy to TMP—SMX, or zidovudine therapy during the period of secondary prophylaxis in any patient group. Both therapies were well tolerated, with three (5%) of those receiving TMP-SMX and four (5%) of those receiving pentamidine discontinuing therapy as a result of side-effects. ConclusionsLow-dose TMP-SMX appears to be more effective compared with aerosolized pentamidine as secondary prophylaxis against PCP in HIV-infected patients. Zidovudine was well tolerated by both groups, but did not influence the rate of or time to relapse.
A 90-dB SNR 2.5-MHz output-rate ADC using cascaded multibit delta-sigma modulation at 8/spl times/ oversampling ratio

A 16-b 2.5-MHz output-rate analog-to-digital converter (ADC) for wireline communications and high-speed instrumentation has been developed. A 2-1-1 cascaded delta-sigma modulator (DSM) employing 4-b quantizers in every stage makes all quantization noise sources negligible at 8/spl times/ oversampling ratio, Data weighted averaging with bi-directional rotation eliminates tones generated by multibit digital-to-analog converter (DAC) nonlinearity to increase the spurious-free dynamic-range (SFDR). Switched-capacitor design techniques using low-threshold transistors reduce front-end sampling distortion. The 24.8 mm/sup 2/ chip in 0.5-/spl mu/m CMOS also integrates the decimation filter and voltage reference. The ADC achieves 90-dB signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) in the 1.25-MHz bandwidth and 102-dB SFDR with 270-mW power dissipation.
Clinical presentation of patients with in-stent restenosis in the drug-eluting stent era.

BACKGROUND Drug-eluting stents (DES) represent a significant improvement in the treatment of coronary artery disease as they decrease restenosis rates by approximately 50% compared with bare-metal stents. In-stent restenosis (ISR) is perceived to be a benign phenomenon because it is a gradual process and may lead to angina pectoris. With bare-metal stents, ISR has been associated with myocardial infarction in approximately 10% to 15% of cases. Comparable data with DES are lacking. METHODS From April 2003 to December 2005, 42 out of 889 patients (4.7%) with DES ISR were identified at our institution. We excluded 3 orthotopic heart transplant patients who had ISR. Therefore, the final analysis included 39 patients. RESULTS The mean age was 66 +/- 10 years, 77% were male, and 33% were diabetic. A mean of 1.8 +/- 0.9 stents were implanted with a total stent length of 39 +/- 24 mm. The mean time from percutaneous coronary intervention to detection of ISR was 396 +/- 290 days. At a mean from follow up of 35 +/- 10 months, 8% were asymptomatic, 77% presented with angina pectoris, 5% with unstable angina, and 10% with non-ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction. CONCLUSIONS In the DES era, although most patients with ISR have stable symptoms, myocardial infarction occurred in 10%, suggesting that ISR is not a benign clinical entity. DES with improved designs or drug elution systems that further decrease the incidence of ISR are needed.
Microscopic gut inflammation in axial spondyloarthritis: a multiparametric predictive model

Objective To assess the rates and explore predictors of microscopic gut inflammation in a cohort of patients with axial and peripheral spondyloarthritis (SpA). Methods Ileocolonoscopy was performed in 65 patients with axial and peripheral SpA from the Gent Inflammatory Arthritis and spoNdylitis cohorT. Histopathological analysis and scoring were performed by an experienced pathologist. Results Overall, 46.2% of the patients with SpA showed microscopic gut inflammation. In axial SpA, the following parameters were independently associated with gut involvement: male sex (OR=8.9, p=0.035); high disease activity measured by the Bath Ankylosing Spondylitis Disease Activity Index (OR=2.05, p=0.032); restricted spinal mobility measured by the Bath Ankylosing Spondylitis Metrology Index (OR=1.94, p=0.009); and younger age (OR=0.85, p=0.013). No clear association was found for human leucocyte antigen-B27 status, presence of peripheral arthritis, enthesitis, uveitis, psoriasis, intake of non-steroidal anti-inﬂammatory drugs and family history of SpA. The prevalence of gut inflammation in non-radiographic axial SpA and ankylosing spondylitis was comparable. Conclusions The prevalence of microscopic gut inflammation in SpA remains unaltered over time. Younger age (shorter symptom duration), progressive disease, male sex and higher disease activity are independently associated with microscopic gut inflammation in axial SpA.
Spatial Distribution and Risk Management of Heavy Metal Contamination in Japan

Soil pollution and crop contamination by cadmium (Cd) and Arsenic (As) are widely-known and recognized as a global threat to sustainable life and the environment. Various factors contribute to soil pollution, including pollutants factor: sources of pollutants, pollutant pathways, the medium of pollution, and soil factor. Japanese agricultural soils in some region, have been heavily polluted with cadmium (Cd) and various other heavy metals, owing to fast industrialization during the 1960s. The Japanese government urgently enacted the Agricultural Land Soil Pollution Prevention Law in 1970 to cope with the heavy metal pollution, in which Cd, arsenic (As), and copper (Cu) were designated as the targeted hazardous substances for regulation. Cd, in particular, has been recognized as one of the most detrimental elements in Japan, because of the so-called itai-itai disease caused by Cd. Flooded cultivation for 3 weeks before and after ear emergence has been recommended to reduce cadmium (Cd) concentrations in rice grains to below permitted values (0.4 mg kg) in some regions of Japan. In 2014, the Codex Alimentarius Commission proposed a maximum permitted concentration for inorganic As in polished rice of 0.2 mg kg. However, in contrast to Cd uptake, As uptake by rice plants is markedly increased by flooded cultivation. Thus, there is a tradeoff between As and Cd uptake by rice depending on the type of water management. Promising practical techniques to simultaneously attenuate As and Cd in rice grain are urgently required. The presentation will provide an overview of heavy metal contamination in Japan and state of the art technologies to alleviate Cd and As contamination in soils and crops, which include; (1) breeding of low adsorptive cultivar, (2) phytoremediation of the polluted soil by rice plant, (3) chemical remediation of Cd-polluted soil by soil-washing and, (4) promising methods simultaneously decrease concentrations of As and Cd in rice grains.
Myocardial motion tracking method integrating local-to-global deformation for echocardiography

Automated tracking of left ventricle (VL) border is required for the quantitative analysis of echocardiography. Commonly, after an initial contour of LV border is traced at one or two frame from the entire cardiac cycle, LV contour tracking is performed over the remaining frames. Among a variety of tracking techniques, optical flow method is the most widely used for motion estimation of moving objects. However, it is often difficulty for the optical flow method to automatically track the motion of LV border in sequential echocardiography data due to some reasons such as ultrasound artifacts, dropout or shadowing phenomena of cardiac walls. The tracking errors caused by those image limitations bring the tracking point out of the endocardial border, result in distorted LV contours and provide incorrect LV assessments. The proposed method is designed to deal with this shape distortion problem by integrating local optical flow motion and global deformation into a variational framework. The proposed descent method controls the individual tracking points to flow the local motions of a specific speckle pattern, while their overall motions are confined to the global motion constraint being approximately an affine transform of the initial tracking points. Preliminary results show that the proposed method achieves better overall performance than conventional methods.
Design techniques for delta sigma modulators using VCO based ADCs

approved: Pavan Kumar Hanumolu VCO-based ADCs have recently emerged as attractive alternative to conven­ tional Delta Sigma (ΔΣ) modulator architectures. Few salient features of a VCO­ based ADC are: 1) the quantization noise is 1 order noise shaped, 2) it is an open loop architecture, and, 3) its implementation is mostly digital in nature. Hence, they are ideally suited for oversampled data converter techniques with the capa­ bility to operate at near GHz frequencies. However, their performance is severely limited by the non-linearity of the voltage to frequency transfer curve. Also, when operating at GHz frequencies, the excess loop delay (ELD) of a continuous-time ΔΣ modulator can be a large fraction of the sampling period, thereby affecting the of stability of the modulator. In this work, two new architectures are proposed to overcome the above mentioned drawbacks. In the first approach, a continuous-time Delta Sigma modulator incorporates a non-linear VCO as the second stage in a 2-stage residue canceling quantizer (RCQ) and mitigates the impact of its non-linearity by spanning only a small region of the VCOs tuning curve. In the second approach, both phase and frequency domain information are extracted from the VCO and fedback, which provides an extra clock cycle delay in the feeback path. This relaxes the timing constraints for the modulator, allowing it to be clocked at GHz frequencies.
Syndrome of Avellis

PARALYSIS of the larynx occurring together with one or more of the last four cranial nerves has been classified into groups associated with personal names. Some observers (Lovesey, 1944) disagree with this classification as impractical and would favour a simplified nomenclature, i.e. an Anatomical Classification. George Avellis, a German, first described the condition that bears his name in a series of ten cases published in 1891. Since then there have been only about 30 cases reported in the available literature (Imperatori; 1925; Croizier et al, 1912; Dejerine et al, 1912; New, 1923; Collet, 1896; di Lauro, 1930; and Pinson, 1936). The last available report of such a case was that of Font in 1952 and the two cases reported were probably not classical examples of this syndrome. The Syndrome of Avellis, as described by Musgrove (1952) consists of paralysis of the soft palate and larynx on the same side and partial paralysis of the constrictors of the pharynx. There may be a contralateral loss of pain and temperature sense of one half of the body. It is not the purpose of this paper to discuss the related syndromes to the one under review, but for classification, the following classifications are presented from Lederer (1946):
Inference based on progressive Type I interval censored data from log-normal distribution

ABSTRACT This article considers inference for the log-normal distribution based on progressive Type I interval censored data by both frequentist and Bayesian methods. First, the maximum likelihood estimates (MLEs) of the unknown model parameters are computed by expectation-maximization (EM) algorithm. The asymptotic standard errors (ASEs) of the MLEs are obtained by applying the missing information principle. Next, the Bayes’ estimates of the model parameters are obtained by Gibbs sampling method under both symmetric and asymmetric loss functions. The Gibbs sampling scheme is facilitated by adopting a similar data augmentation scheme as in EM algorithm. The performance of the MLEs and various Bayesian point estimates is judged via a simulation study. A real dataset is analyzed for the purpose of illustration.
Isolation of Cytotoxic Chondropsins, Macrolide Lactams from the New-Caledonian Marine Sponge Psammoclemma Sp. and Electrospray Ion Trap Multiple stage MS study of these Macrolides

Psammoclemma sp. (Phoriospongiidae) was selected for study through biological screening carried out in New Caledonia. The crude extract of Psammoclemma sp. was highly active on KB cells and its fractionation led to the isolation of two macrolides chondropsin A 1 and 73-deoxychondropsin A 2. The complex structures were elucidated by a combination of spectroscopic methods (NMR, ESI-MS/MS). These known compounds were evaluated for their cytotoxic activity towards several tumor cell lines and exhibited an IC50 of approximately 10−10 M. Flow-cytometric analysis revealed that chondropsin A 1 and 73-deoxychondropsin A 2 blocked the entry of HL 60 and KB cells into G2/M phase, leading to cell death by apoptosis.
Intelligent energy managed service for green base stations

Energy consumption and CO2 emissions have recently become topics of particular interest across the cellular telecommunication industry. This situation is moving this industry towards the introduction of renewable sources of energy, such as solar energy, wind energy, etc. for the energy supply to their networks. These solutions are environmentally friendly and technically proven, but when it comes to real implementation there are several drawbacks that limit their applicability (e.g. instable sources of energy, number and size of energy system infrastructure elements, as solar panels). To cope with these constraints, in this paper, a method / system, jointly with some results of early implementations, is described for adapting the service (i.e. coverage and/or capacity) provided by a base station, as a function of the weather forecast (regarding the renewable energy source), the stored energy in the back-up battery supply, and historical base station power consumption data, over a time period.
Open Repair of Isolated Traumatic Subscapularis Tendon Tears

Background: Diagnosis, operative treatment, and outcome assessment of isolated traumatic subscapularis tendon tears have not been widely studied. Purpose: To report the clinical outcome, value of clinical tests, predictive outcome factors, and return to sports in the management of isolated traumatic subscapularis tendon tears. Study Design: Case series; level of evidence, 4. Methods: Thirty consecutive patients with a confirmed isolated subscapularis tear, except for associated biceps tendon injury or humeral avulsion of the glenohumeral ligaments (HAGL) lesions, found at arthroscopy were included in the study. The average age of the study population was 43.1 years. In all 30 patients, a traumatic event caused the onset of symptoms. The mean delay between trauma and surgery was 4 months. All patients underwent open tendon reconstruction with a suture anchor technique via a deltopectoral approach. Clinical assessment was done using the Constant score and specific subscapularis tests. Postoperative tendon integrity was assessed with ultrasound and magnetic resonance imaging. Sports activity, including competition level, sports discipline, and postoperative return to sports, was evaluated. Results: The average duration of follow-up was 46 months (range, 25-72 months). Seven patients had a full-thickness tear of the upper third of the tendon, 11 patients a full-thickness tear of the upper two-thirds of the tendon, and 12 patients had a complete subscapularis tendon tear. The Constant score increased from 51.3 preoperatively to 82.2 postoperatively (P < .01). Twenty-seven patients rated their postoperative result as excellent or good. Most positive preoperative lift-off and belly-press tests were reversed by surgery, with a rate of 6 (20%) persistent positive tests after surgery. Positive postoperative subscapularis tests were more likely related to a higher preoperative degree of fatty subscapularis muscle infiltration (P < .05). Ultrasound and magnetic resonance imaging revealed a structural intact repair at follow-up in 28 shoulders (93%). Seventy-five percent of athletes returned to their previous competition level. Conclusion: Early repair of isolated traumatic subscapularis tendon tears and associated biceps tendon lesions or HAGL lesions achieves good functional outcomes with a low rerupture rate and allows return to sports activity. Delay of surgery and higher degrees of preoperative fatty infiltration of the subscapularis muscle impair postoperative subscapularis function.