Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Effects of Prolonged High Temperature Stress on Respiration , Photosynthesis and Gene Expression in Wheat ( Triticum aestivum L . ) Varieties Differing in their Thermotolerance

High temperature (HT) stress is a major environmental stress limiting wheat productivity worldwide. This study was conducted to analyze the effect of prolonged HT on wheat genotypes C306 (HT tolerant) and PBW343 (HT susceptible) in controlled environment chambers. After an initial 45-days growth at 23/18 C day/night, one set of plants (control) was maintained at the same conditions, while the other set of plants was exposed to HT (35/25 C day/night). Effect of heat stress was analyzed after one week (vegetative), 30-days (anthesis) and 45-days (15 days after anthesis) of HT. HT significantly reduced the leaf chlorophyll (chl) content, photosynthetic rate and Rubisco activity in both the genotypes at all the growth stages. However, the reduction was more in heat-susceptible genotype PBW343 than heattolerant genotype C306. C306 showed higher respiratory homeostasis than PBW343, under prolonged heat stress. Heat tolerant C306 showed less reduction in photosynthesis and maintained respiration, while heat susceptible PBW343 showed higher reduction in photosynthesis accompanied by significant increase in respiration. Better tolerance in photosynthesis to long-term heat stress in C306 can be attributed to less reduction in total chl and chl b content and Rubisco activity. Maintenance of Rubisco activity in C306 under HT may be due to maintenance of expression of rbcS and rbcL genes. Maintenance of high expression levels of HSP101 during long-term heat stress in C306 may also be reason for better tolerance of C306 as compared with PBW343, as HSP101 is crucial for both basal and acquired thermotolerance. _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________
A Detailed Analysis on Feature Extraction Techniques of Panoramic Image Stitching Algorithm

Image stitching is a technique which is used for attaining a high resolution panoramic image. In this technique, distinct aesthetic images that are imaged from different view and angles are combined together to produce a panoramic image. In the field of computer graphics, photographic and computer vision, Image stitching techniques are considered as current research areas. For obtaining a stitched image it becomes mandatory that one should have the knowledge of geometric relations among multiple image co-ordinate system [1]. First, image stitching will be done based on feature key point matches. Final image with seam will be blended with image blending technique. Hence in this paper we are going to address multiple distinct techniques like some invariant features as Scale Invariant Feature Transform and Speeded up Robust Transform and Corner techniques as Harris Corner Detection Technique that are useful in sorting out the issues related with stitching of images. Keywords-SIFT; SURF; RANSAC; Harris Corner Detector; Panoramic Image.
Effects of Three Parastagonospora nodorum Necrotrophic Effectors on Spring Wheat under Norwegian Field Conditions

The wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) disease Septoria nodorum blotch (SNB) is caused by the necrotrophic fungus Parastagonospora nodorum (Berk.) Quaedvlieg, Verkley & Crous and causes significant yield and quality losses in several wheat growing regions. The resistance mechanisms are quantitative and progress in resistance breeding has been slow. However, gene-for-gene interactions involving necrotrophic effectors (NEs) and sensitivity genes (Snn) are involved, providing hope for more effective breeding. Although the interactions are significant determinants of seedling SNB susceptibility, their role in adult plant leaf blotch resistance in the field is less understood. In this study, the frequency of SnTox genes was investigated in 62 P. nodorum isolates collected in Norway. A panel of Norwegian and international spring wheat lines and cultivars was screened under natural SNB infection in a mist-irrigated field nursery across 7 yr. The lines were infiltrated in the greenhouse with the purified NEs SnToxA, SnTox1, and SnTox3, and the prevalence of corresponding sensitivity was investigated, as well as correlation between NE sensitivity and resistance level in the field. The frequencies of SnToxA, SnTox1, and SnTox3 in the isolates were 0.69, 0.53 and 0.76, respectively. Sensitivity to SnToxA, SnTox1, and SnTox3 was present in 45, 12, and 55% of the plant material. Sensitivity to SnToxA was associated with significantly higher disease severity in the field than insensitivity. This indicates that elimination of SnToxA sensitivity in the breeding material by effector infiltrations or marker-assisted selection can be an effective way to increase field resistance to SNB. A.K. Ruud and M. Lillemo, Dep. of Plant Sciences, Norwegian Univ. of Life Sciences, Post Box 5003, NO-1432 Ås, Norway; J.A. Dieseth, Graminor AS, Bjørke Gård, Hommelstadvegen 60, NO-2322 Ridabu, Norway. A.K. Ruud conducted field and infiltration experiments, analyzed the data, and wrote the manuscript. J.A. Dieseth developed and provided plant material and critically reviewed the manuscript. M. Lillemo planned the field experiments, conducted field phenotyping in 2010 to 2012, critically reviewed the manuscript, supervised the work, and obtained the funding. Received 9 May 2017. Accepted 22 Sept. 2017. *Corresponding author (morten.lillemo@nmbu.no). Assigned to Associate Editor Toi Tsilo. Abbreviations: AUD, Australian dollars; DH, days to heading; PCR, polymerase chain reaction; PH, plant height; NE, necrotrophic effector; SNB, Septoria nodorum blotch. Published in Crop Sci. 58:159–168 (2018). doi: 10.2135/cropsci2017.05. 0281 © Crop Science Society of America | 5585 Guilford Rd., Madison, WI 53711 USA This is an open access article distributed under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/). Published January 15, 2018
Identification of Supplier-induced Demand What kind of consumer information matters?

The focus of the present study is on consumer health information in relation to supplier induced demand (SID). We argue that previously used measures of consumer health information are not suitable to identify SID. Using a new information measure based on questions of the Swiss Health Survey, we estimate a Poisson hurdle model for office visits. We find that information has a negative effect on health care utilization, thus providing evidence for the SID hypothesis.
A note on positive deniteness and stability of interval matrices

It is proved that by using bounds of eigenvalues of an interval matrix, some conditions for checking positive definiteness and stability of interval matrices can be presented. These conditions have been proved previously with various methods and now we provide some new proofs for them with a unity method. Furthermore we introduce a new necessary and sufficient condition for checking stability of interval matrices.
UNE's designer egg : recent advances.

An experiment was undertaken in which laying hens were given 4 diets supplemented (g/kg) with one or a mixture of edible oils and enriched with an antioxidant and vitamin E. Egg production and egg mass were reduced on the diets (1 & 2) highest in fish oil compared to diets 3 & 4. On average the yolk content of vitamin E was increased by 280% as a result of supplementation. Total omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (n-3 PUFA) was increased from lg to 7g/lOOg total fatty acids in enriched eggs. Both eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) were highest in eggs from hens fed diets with the highest amount of fish oil. Diets 2 and 3 with vegetable oil gave highest concentrations of alpha linolenic acid (ALA). A 2-day weighed food intake survey of 52 subjects consuming 7 eggs weekly for 22 weeks gave similar intakes for energy and the contribution of protein, fat and carbohydrate to energy intake. Proportions (g/day and %) of saturated, monounsaturated and polyunsaturated fatty acids were also similar between treatments. Although mean plasma cholesterol (n=56) did vary between sampling periods, it was the same at the start and the finish of the study. Triglycerides stayed the same. High density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL) increased (PcO.05) during the same period. Dietary treatment showed no difference in plasma triglycerides nor HDL; cholesterol was higher (P<O.OOl) on treatment 1 with eggs from hens given fish oil than on other treatments as was low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL). Blood pressure was lower (PcO.01) on treatment 3 when compared to treatments 1 and 2. For the last 2 weeks of the experiment mean egg consumption was increased to 21 eggs. This increase caused a small increase in plasma triglycerides compared to the previous measurement at week 22. Plasma samples taken from 12 hour fasted subjects showed significant increases in DHA and total n-3 PUFA on treatments 1 and 2 compared to treatment 4. The ratio of n6 n-3 FUFA was significantly reduced on all three treatments compared to the control treatment (4). It is concluded that consumption of only one enriched egg daily can contribute substantially to the recommended daily intake for n-3 PUFA particularly for EPA and DHA. The potential for using egg yolk as a carrier of these fatty acids for use in infant bottle formula is discussed.
Development of Polymer Nanocomposites for Rapid Manufacturing Application

This paper presents initial development of polymer nanocomposites (PNC) material for rapid manufacturing (RM) application. PNC materials containing a polyamide (PA) and nano particles (5wt%) were produced by solution blending with the aim to improve the mechanical properties. Commercial polyamide 6 (PA6) was dissolved in formic acid (HCO2H) together with two different types of nano particle materials: yttrium stabilised zirconia (YSZ) and Hectorite clay (Benton 166) and spray-dried to create powder, creating powder with particle sizes in the range of 10-40 μm. The materials were processed on a CO2 selective laser sintering (SLS) experimental machine. Mechanical properties of the PNCs were evaluated and the results were compared with the unfilled base polymer. Good dispersion of additives was achieved by solution blending, however the PA6 was degraded during the material preparation and spray drying process which resulted in the formation of porous structure and low strength. However the addition of 5 (wt%) nano particles in the PA6 has shown to increase strength by an average of 50-60%. Further work on powder preparation is required in order to fully realise these performance benefits
User-Centric Personalization and Autonomous Reconfiguration Across Ubiquitous Computing Environments

In the era of Ubiquitous Computing (UbiComp), during our typical daily routines we may encounter multiple, shared and heterogeneous UbiComp environments across various locations. As these environments are meant to be shared between multiple users, interaction control methods (gestural, touch, voice commands, etc.) and the contexts (light, temperature, sound, informational services, etc.) of the environment are not personalized for individual users naturally. Typically, users are required to manually configure interaction preferences and conditions each time they encounter UbiComp systems. This however, refers to a tedious and redundant reconfiguration procedure, which is against the concept of UbiComp. In this paper, we present our work targeting on improving the personalization and reconfiguration procedure. Firstly, a usercentric personalization approach is proposed for facilitating users in determining how an UbiComp environment should adapt to their own preferred configurations. Then, an autonomous reconfiguration procedure is proposed, ensuring that a user’s preferences are maintained and accessible across multiple ubiquitous computing environments seamlessly. Keywords-Ubiquitous Computing; personalization; reconfiguration; human computer interaction.
A Simple Spreadsheet Program for the Calculation of Lattice-Site Distributions.

A simple spreadsheet program is presented that can be used by undergraduate students to calculate the lattice-site distributions in solids. A major strength of the method is the natural way in which the correct number of ions or atoms are present, or absent, at specific lattice distances. The expanding-cube method utilized is straightforward to set up in a spreadsheet and is easily adapted for the prediction of highly accurate Madelung constants. Calculations performed out to the 10th cube return a value for the Madelung constant exact to 5 decimal places. From an educational point of view, the method presents students the possibility of directly observing the difference between doing a "crude" lattice-sum calculation compared to what results under the "zero-net charge" condition. Caveats, such as truncation errors that must be considered by students when comparing the results of their limited cube calculations with literature pair-distribution functions, are also encountered. The pair distribution function of the van der Waals solid formed by condensed krypton atoms is selected for comparison with that of NaCl since the unit cells of these two solids have the same lattice parameters.
Analysis of Aperture Antennas Above Lossy Half-Space - Abstract

The paper studies the radiation properties of aperture antennas above imperfect ground using Discrete Complex Image Method (DCIM). The present method is simple and has high accuracy. In this approach, based on linear approximating a function to an exponential series, equivalent complex images have been obtained. Number, intensity and location of images are obtained using Generalized Pencil Of Function (GPOF) technique. We assume current distribution over the aperture be combination of electric and magnetic currents in vertical and horizontal direction. The obtained results are comparable with analytical computation in limited cases. In spite of Sommerfeld integral based methods, this method is simple with lower computational time.
Ceratocystis species on Acacia mearnsii and Eucalyptus spp. in eastern and southern Africa including six new species

Department of Genetics, Tree Protection Co-operative Programme (TPCP), Forestry and Agricultural Biotechnology Institute (FABI), University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa Forestry Research Institute of Malawi, P.O. Box 270, Zomba, Malawi Tanganyika Wattle Company, P.O. Box 1807, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania Department of Microbiology and Plant Pathology, Tree Protection Co-operative Programme (TPCP), Forestry and Agricultural Biotechnology Institute (FABI), University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa
SIMULATING MAPREDUCE SCENARIO ON A CLOUD

Cloud Computing (cloud) is emerging as a promising paradigm that offers computing as a utility. In this paper, we look at some scheduling policies for workloads in clouds. Suitability of a cloud simulation for developing and evaluating policies is discussed. We simulate a cloud scenario and report results observed from executing the scenario. Then, we share our experiences with a cloud simulation toolkit and suggest fundamental building blocks of a cloud simulation.
“We Need a Showing of All Hands”

Make magazine is a quarterly publication focused on do-it-yourself projects involving technology and innovation. The magazine also sponsors a biannual event, the Maker Faire, that brings “makers” together to share their knowledge. As a strategy for building audience loyalty and identification with the magazine, the Make products are skillfully crafted. However, they also invoke ideals such as environmentalism and nationalism in a potent mix that not only engages readers, but also represents an additional cultural demonstration of the phenomenon of technological utopianism.
MENTAL STRAIN, MORE IMPORTANT THAN STRESSFUL LIFE EVENTS IN MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION

Stressful life events may play an important role in coronary heart disease and sudden cardiac death. This study was performed to compare the frequency of stressful events and mental strain in patients with acute myocardial infarction (MI) and normal population. A case-control study was performed on 50 survivors of MI and 50 controls with no evidence of cardiovascular disease, matched by age, gender, education, race, and number of family members. A questionnaire was used to determine the number of stressful life events. Mental strain was measured by two different scoring methods: selfestimated mental strain, and inferred mental strain. Patients with MI had more stressful life events in contrast to controls but this was not statistically significant (p = 0.08). Self- estimated and inferred mental strain during the two preceding years were significantly greater in patients with MI (p<0.01, p<0.05, respectively). We conclude that emotional strain due to a stressful life event may complicate coronary heart disease and thus result in MI.
The Integral Plasmodium Life Cycle Phenomenon: Gametocyte Genes

Gametocytes are the sexual stages of the Plasmodium species. The transmission of parasite relies on these gametocytes which are the crucial link in its life cycle. The biology of parasitic life cycle is complex with the invasion of host red blood cells (RBCs) by merozoites after the pre-erythrocytic invasion and followed with erythrocytic invasions and multiplications. This review examines the involvement of gametocyte-specific genes in gametocytogenesis. Here we look at the six gametocyte specific genes- Pfs16, Pfs25, Pfg27, Pfs48/45, Pfs230 and Pfg377; their developmental commitment, gene expression causing cellular and molecular changes in sexual differentiation. The in depth understanding of the gametocytogenesis in the transition from asexual to sexual differentiation could help to develop new strategies to curtail effectively the malaria transmission.
A Partial parametric path algorithm for multiclass classification

The objective functions of Support Vector Machine methods (SVMs) often includeparameters to weigh the relative importance of margins and training accuracies.The values of these parameters have a direct effect both on the optimal accuraciesand the misclassification costs. Usually, a grid search is used to find appropriatevalues for them. This method requires the repeated solution of quadraticprograms for different parameter values, and it may imply a large computationalcost, especially in a setting of multiclass SVMs and large training datasets. Formulti-class classification problems, in the presence of different misclassificationcosts, identifying a desirable set of values for these parameters becomes evenmore relevant. In this paper, we propose a partial parametric path algorithm, basedon the property that the path of optimal solutions of the SVMs with respect tothe preceding parameters is piecewise linear. This partial parametric path algorithmrequires the solution of just one quadratic programming problem, and anumber of linear systems of equations. Thus it can significantly reduce the computationalrequirements of the algorithm. To systematically explore the differentweights to assign to the misclassification costs, we combine the partial parametricpath algorithm with a variable neighborhood search method. Our numerical experimentsshow the efficiency and reliability of the proposed partial parametricpath algorithm.
Assessment of vapour chamber heat spreader implementation for avionic module thermal management

Thermal management of aircraft heat loads is quickly becoming a limiting factor of vehicle performance and reliability. This paper details improvements in forced-convection cooled avionic module heat removal efficiency with the implementation of two-phase high thermal conductivity Vapour Chamber Heat Spreaders (VCHS). A bespoke test rig provides experimental thermal comparisons of an aluminium and embedded VCHS avionic heat exchanger. The experimental results validate a numerical thermal resistance network, which is utilised to simulate more representative avionic chassis geometries. The VCHS dramatically reduces thermal variation in circuit card and avionic heat exchanger exhaust temperatures. Increased isothermalisation of the heat exchanger greatly increases effective heat transfer area in comparison to a traditional aluminium chassis. The VCHS acts as a very effective thermal buffer between the avionic circuit cards and coolant airflow, allowing a more predictable avionic thermal behaviour irrespective of circuit card architecture. The improved heat rejection capability allows either a substantial increase in avionic growth capacity (increased power output for a fixed exhaust temperature) or a substantial reduction in mass flow rate (reduced demand on vehicle thermal management system). An avionic growth capacity of up to 58% is achieved with representative thermal loading conditions.
Household indebtedness, house prices and the macroeconomy: a review of the literature

In the last 15 years, household indebtedness has increased substantially in Sweden. Since the mid-90s, debt-to-income ratios have nearly doubled. Since mortgages represent about 80% of household debt, the substantial increase in indebtedness, coupled with a rally in house prices, has raised concerns about the possibility of an unsustainable credit growth. In light of these developments, this article reviews the existing economic literature on the potential explanations for, as well as the macroeconomic consequences of, the observed substantial increase in the households’ leverage. Given the strong connection between real estate markets and the households’ borrowing choices, the article also discusses the driving forces behind house price developments. We conclude by discussing to what extent the results of international research on this topic can be used to shed light on the current situation in Sweden.