Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
MINING FREQUENT PATTERNS BY THE GROUPING COMPRESSION TREE

Traditional association rule methods that are used to discover large item sets must set the minimum support (MS) value in advance. However, users cannot in reality, determine an optimal value for the MS. Therefore, multiple frequent pattern mining processes with different MSs are often required to obtain satisfactory results. In this study, the authors propose a novel Grouping Compression Tree (GCT) data structure and develop an efficient GCT based mining method. Once a GCT is built, frequent pattern mining with different supports can be performed without rebuilding the tree. In designing the method, the authors have modified and synthesized a number of useful concepts including prefix trees, grouping compression techniques, and a projection approach. The method has been tested using several widely used test datasets. The performance study shows that the new algorithm not only speeds up the mining performance but also saves the memory usage in some cases.
β6 integrin is up‐regulated in chronic renal allograft dysfunction

Abstract: Up‐regulation of β6 integrin, which is indispensable to the activation of transforming growth factor‐β1 (TGF‐β1), was investigated in chronic renal allograft dysfunction (CAD). A total of 103 renal biopsy samples (normal, 10; acute rejection, 30; CAD, 63) were immunohistochemically evaluated for expression of TGF‐β1 and β6 integrin. No TGF‐β1 or ‐β6 integrin was detected in normal kidney, but both TGF‐β1 and ‐β6 integrin reactivity were observed in the distal tubules in acute rejection, and even greater reactivity was observed in the distal tubules in the CAD samples. Semiquantitative analysis revealed that the reactivity of TGF‐β1 and ‐β6 integrin was significantly greater in the CAD kidney than in the normal kidney and the kidney in acute rejection. The results suggest that β6 integrin as well as TGF‐β1 is up‐regulated in CAD and that it may serve as an alternative target for the treatment for CAD.
Triple Antithrombotic Therapy with Direct Oral Anticoagulants Versus Warfarin after Percutaneous Coronary Intervention with Genotyping

Introduction: Triple therapy (TT) with anticoagulation and two antiplatelet agents is associated with increased bleeding compared to dual therapy (anticoagulation and a single antiplatelet agent). However, bleeding associated with TT using direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs), as well as the significance of cytochrome P450 (CYP) 2C19 phenotype in this setting, is not well-characterized. The objective of this study was to compare bleeding outcomes in patients on TT with full-dose DOACs and those on TT with warfarin, while also evaluating the potential impact of CYP2C19 phenotype. Methods: We retrospectively identified admitted patients who underwent percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) with CYP2C19 genotyping and were discharged on TT. Patients were stratified by warfarin or DOAC, then by predicted CYP2C19 phenotype (loss-of-function (LOF) or non-LOF). The primary outcome was bleeding within 30 days post-PCI. Secondary endpoints included bleeding within 90 days post-PCI and bleeding in LOF and non-LOF groups within 30 and 90 days post-PCI. Results: Fifty-eight patients were maintained on TT after PCI, with 27 on DOACs and 31 on warfarin. Thirtyday bleeding was greater with DOACs than with warfarin (29.6% vs. 3.2%, p=0.004). The 90-day bleeding rate was similar between groups (39.1% vs. 36.8%, p=0.66). There was a non-significant reduction in bleeding for CYP2C19 LOF carriers in the DOAC and warfarin groups. Conclusion: Although bleeding was greater with DOACs than with warfarin at 30 days post-PCI, no difference was observed at 90 days. The highest 30-day incidence of bleeding was observed in the non-LOF DOAC group, though larger-scale evaluations are needed to confirm findings.
Comparative evaluation of the effect of water / cement ratio ( W / C ) , type and percentage of fly ash on concrete strength against chloride ion penetration and its porosity

In this research, the effect of water-to-cement ratio (w / c), type and percentage of fly ash on concrete permeability, rapid penetration of ion chloride (RCPT) and porosity measurements using mercury (MIP) was performed; , which consists of 18 concrete mixing designs (total number of 216 samples). The results show that reduction of water to cement ratio (w / c) decreases porosity and penetration volume, but this results in a rapid reduction of efficiency and new operating problems, and also in comparison with increasing the percentage of ash of wind, Has had a lower impact on the strength of concrete against chloride ion. Also, by increasing the percentage of all three types of air ash, it reduces the penetration of the ion chloride, porosity and penetration volume, and also increases the efficiency of the concrete. From the results of this study it can be seen that the water / cement ratio (w / c), the type and percentage of ash in the concrete have a significant effect on the concrete permeability and has increased or decreased the durability and efficiency of the concrete. An interesting point in the ability to release chlorine ions in wind-blown concrete is that even if the specimen containing the industrial A-type industrial ash contains more porosity than the control sample (ash-free), the reduction of chlorine ion release is due to Internal reactions of chlorine ion with alumina phases were observed.
PAttNet: Patch-attentive deep network for action unit detection

Facial action units (AUs) refer to speciﬁc facial locations. Recent efforts in automatic AU detection have focused on learning their representations. Two factors have limited progress. One is that current approaches implicitly assume that facial patches are robust to head rotation. The other is that the relation between patches and AUs is pre-deﬁned or ignored. Both assumptions are problematic. We propose a patch-attentive deep network called PAttNet for AU detection that learns mappings of patches and AUs, controls for 3D head and face rotation, and exploits co-occurrence among AUs. We encode patches with separate convolutional neural networks (CNNs) and weight the contribution of each patch to detection of speciﬁc AUs using a sigmoid patch attention mechanism. Unlike conventional softmax attention mechanisms, a sigmoidal attention mechanism allows multiple patches to contribute to detection of speciﬁc AUs. The latter is important because AUs often co-occur and multiple patches may be needed to detect them reliably. On the BP4D dataset, PAttNet improves upon state-of-the-art by 3.7%. Visualization of the learned attention maps reveal power of this patch-based approach.
Histochemical and chromatographic characterization of fungal disease related defense structures in perennial Helianthus species

The basic objective of the present study was to investigate the interrelation between the presence of high-lignified cell walls and several phenolic compound with the tolerance reaction. Histochemical analysis was done on 9 wild Helianthus species using Neu's reagent (2-amino-ethyldiphenyl-borinate) by in situ detection of the phenolic constituents. The identification and characterization of different phenolic constituents was confirmed by HPTLC. Results showed a high genetic variation among the tested species. In order to allow an easier interpretation they were classified in tolerant, intermediary tolerant and susceptible species. We found that the different tolerance level was related to the lignification of the cortical parenchyma. These lignified cells can not be degraded by S. sclerotiorum and so represent a defensive protection. Another resistance factor that appear to be essential for the tolerance in the tested wild Helianthus species was the accumulation of phenolic compounds at post-infectional state. These results suggest their involvement in the process of resistance to pertotrophic pathogens. The identification of several wild Helianthus species with variable responses to the infection by S. sclerotiorum might be of major interest for geneticist and for breeding purposes by using direct gene flow or through biotechnological techniques.
Advances in Brief CX 3 CR 1-Fractalkine Expression Regulates Cellular Mechanisms Involved in Adhesion , Migration , and Survival of Human Prostate Cancer Cells

Chemokines and their receptors might be involved in the selection of specific organs by metastatic cancer cells. For instance, the CXCR4SDF-1 pair regulates adhesion and migration of breast as well as prostate cancer cells to metastatic sites. In this study, we present the first evidence for the expression of CX3CR1—the specific receptor for the chemokine fractalkine—by human prostate cancer cells, whereas human bone marrow endothelial cells and differentiated osteoblasts express fractalkine. The adhesion of prostate cancer cells to human bone marrow endothelial cells in flow conditions is significantly reduced by a neutralizing antibody against fractalkine, and they migrate toward a medium conditioned by osteoblasts, which secrete the soluble form of the chemokine. Finally, fractalkine activates the PI3K/Akt survival pathway in human prostate cancer cells.
Nash equilibrium uniqueness in nice games with isotone best

We prove the existence of a unique pure-strategy Nash equilibrium in nice games with isotone chain-concave best replies and compact strategy sets. We establish a preliminary fixpoint uniqueness argument, thus showing sufficient assumptions on the best replies of a nice game that guarantee the existence of exactly one Nash equilibrium. Then, by means of a comparative statics analysis, we examine the necessity and sufficiency of the conditions on marginal utility functions for such assumptions to be satisfied; in particular, we find necessary and sufficient conditions for the isotonicity and chain-concavity of best replies. We extend the results on Nash equilibrium uniqueness to nice games with upper unbounded strategy sets and we present “dual” results for games with isotone chain-convex best replies. A final application to Bayesian games is exhibited.
Data-driven optimisation of multi-shell HARDI

Table 1: the optimal b-values for neonatal data (top row) and their corresponding relative number of DW directions (middle row) assuming 4 signatures of interest. Bottom row: CNR of each signature assuming a total of 100 DW volumes with SNRb=0 = 30. Data-driven optimisation of multi-shell HARDI Jacques-Donald Tournier, Emer Hughes, Nora Tusor, Stamatios N. Sotiropoulos, Saad Jbabdi, Jesper Andersson, Daniel Rueckert, A. David Edwards, and Joseph V Hajnal Centre for the Developing Brain, Kings College London, London, London, United Kingdom, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Kings College London, London, London, United Kingdom, Department of Perinatal Imaging & Health, Kings College London, London, London, United Kingdom, FMRIB Centre, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom, Department of Computing, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
Chapter 2 Database Privacy

There is a growing social and economic demand for open data to improve planning, scientific research, market research, and so on. In particular, the public sector is under pressure to release as much information as it can in the name of transparency. Organizations releasing data include national statistical institutes, healthcare authorities (epidemiology), or even private organizations (e.g., consumer surveys). When published data refer to individual respondents, care must be taken that the privacy of the latter is not violated. It should be de facto impossible to relate the published data to specific individuals. Indeed, supplying data to national statistical institutes is compulsory in most countries but, in return, those institutes commit to preserving the privacy of respondents. Hence, rather than publishing exactly accurate information for each individual, the aim should be to provide useful statistical information, that is, to preserve as much as possible in the released data the statistical properties of the original data. This is why privacy-preserving databases on individuals are called statistical databases. Statistical databases come in three main formats:
Commitment Bonds

This Article introduces compensating commitment bonds, which make it more affordable for a government, entity, or individual to commit to some course of action. These bonds, like traditional government or corporate bonds, can generate revenue for committing parties. A bond seller makes a commitment and promises to pay a forfeit if the seller fails to meet the bond conditions. The bond buyer pays the seller to be contractually designated as the recipient of any amounts the bond seller forfeits. This approach has potential application in a range of legal situations. Governments and other parties may use such bonds to facilitate commitments to principles from which they later may face temptation to deviate. Such bonds also can facilitate legislative compromise or the settlement of private legal disputes. The Article identifies a variety of incentive-equivalent commitment bond structures as well as the circumstances under which a particular implementation is likely to be most effective. It also explores hurdles to the use of such bonds, including concerns that the courts might find a legislature’s use of such bonds to entrench its preferences unconstitutional and that a legislature might issue such bonds but cancel them after failing to maintain a commitment.
Poupées russes et décomposition arborescente

Les problèmes d’optimisation dans les modèles graphiques ont été étudiés dans différents formalismes de l’intelligence artificielle tels que les CSP pondérés (weighted CSP ou WCSP), le maximum de satisfiabilité (MaxSAT) ou dans les réseaux probabilistes (réseaux Bayésiens et champs markoviens). En identifiant des sous-problèmes conditionnellement indépendants,qui sont résolus de façon indépendante et dont l’optimum est mémorisé, il est possible de rendre les algorithmes de type Séparation-Évaluation (Branch and Bound) asymptotiquement plus efficaces. Mais la localité des bornes induites par la décomposition affaiblit les effets réels de ce résultat asymptotique car de nombreux sous-problèmes, ne participant pas à la construction d’une solution optimale, sont résolus à l’optimum inutilement. En s’inspirant de l’algorithme des poupées russes (RDS pour Russian Doll Search), une approche possible pour surmonter cette faiblesse consiste à (récursivement) résoudre une relaxation de chacun des sous-problèmes pour obtenir des bornes renforcées. L’algorithme ainsi défini généralise à la fois l’algorithme RDS mais aussi les algorithmes de types Branch and Bound exploitant une décomposition arborescente tels que BTD ou AND-OR Branch and Bound. Nous étudions son efficacité sur différents problèmes et fermons une instance très dure de problème d’affectation de fréquences ouverte depuis plus
On the Functions of the Liver

recent course of lectures, delivered at the “ College of France,” reiterated his views respecting the functions of the liver, and endeavored to confirm them by additional experiments. Although we have already adverted to the various papers he has from time to time published on the subject, a brief recapitulation of the points he believes proved may not be uninteresting, and will be best managed by stating them in the form of propositions.
QANet with Universal Transformer

Transformer encoder and decoder architecture [Vaswani et al., 2017] that compose of only self-attention and feed-forward recently gain a lot of traction recently due to its outstanding result especially in machine translation. QANet architecture [Yu et al., 2018], one of many application inspired by Transformer encoder, is built to tackle a reading comprehension task, a question answering on a given context, by replacing all recurrent neural network (RNN) which is a standard design for a reading comprehension task such as BiDAF from Seo et al. [2016] to use only convolution and self-attention for local and global interaction respectively. This architecture show an impressive performance by achieving state-of-the-art EM/F1 score in SQuAD 1.1 and speed-up training and testing time significantly over model with RNN. However, dropping of RNN in QANet also discard its advantage which is an inductive bias from iterative learning that is crucial for language understanding task [Dehghani et al., 2018]. We propose QANet with Universal Transformer by introducing recurrent transformation through depth that used shared parameters and timestep encoding from Universal Transformer [Dehghani et al., 2018]. This model achieves EM/F1 score of 62.4/66.3 on SQuAD 2.0 test set in non-PCE leaderboard and proves that recurrent transformation is useful in reading comprehension task.
Nipple stimulation or breastfeeding for preventing postpartum haemorrhage in the third stage of labour

This is the protocol for a review and there is no abstract. The objectives are as follows: The aim of this systematic review is to examine the impact of nipple stimulation or breastfeeding on postpartum haemorrhage (PPH) management in the third stage of labour. © 2013 The Cochrane Collaboration.
On the Use of Fully Convolutional Networks on Evaluation of Infrared Breast Image Segmentations

Medical images usually must have their region of interest (ROI) segmented as a first step in a pattern recognition procedure. Automatic segmentation of these images is an open issue. This paper presents an automated technique to define the ROI for infrared breast exams, based on the use of Fully Convolutional Networks (FCN). Adequate comparison among new approaches by using available databases is very important, here some comparisons with other techniques are made. Moreover, concerning on line diagnosis, the comparison among possible techniques must be efficient enough to be done in real time. With our approach the time to segment the ROI was 100 milliseconds and the average accuracy obtained was 95%.
Chronic Kidney Disease and CoronaryArtery Disease

Mark J. Sarnak, MD, MS, Kerstin Amann, MD, Sripal Bangalore, MD, MHA, João L. Cavalcante, MD, David M. Charytan, MD, MSC, Jonathan C. Craig, PHD, John S. Gill, MD, MS, Mark A. Hlatky, MD, Alan G. Jardine, MD, Ulf Landmesser, MD, L. Kristin Newby, MD, MHS, Charles A. Herzog, MD, Michael Cheung, MA, David C. Wheeler, MD, Wolfgang C. Winkelmayer, MD, MPH, SCD, Thomas H. Marwick, MBBS, PHD, MPH, for Conference Participants*
Titre : Title : Integrating RFID technology and EPC network into a B 2 B retail supply chain : a step toward intelligent business processes Auteurs :

This article introduces RFID technology and the EPC Network and investigates their potential for B-to-B eCommerce supply chain management. Based on empirical data gathered from four tightly interrelated firms from three layers of a supply chain, several scenarios integrating RFID and the EPC Network have been tested and evaluated. In the context of warehousing activities in one specific retail supply chain, the results indicate that i) the business process approach seems quite appropriate to capture the real potential of RFID and the EPC Network; ii) RFID technology and the EPC Network can improve the “shipping” and the “receiving” processes; iii) they can automatically trigger some business processes; iv) they foster a higher level of information sharing between supply chain members; and v) they promote the emergence of new business processes such as “process-to-process,” “process-to-machine,” and “machine-to-machine. ” The paper helps to improve our understanding of the real potential of RFID and the EPC Network for business processes.
FPGA Implementation of Convolutional Encoder and Adaptive Viterbi Decoder

This paper focuses on the realization of an efficient logic design of a crypto system. The type of crypto system considered in this paper is convolutional encoder and adaptive Viterbi decoder (AVD) with a constraint length, K of 7 and a code rate (k/n) of 1/3 using field programmable gate array (FPGA) technology. Here, the features of Convolutional encoder and decoder architecture are introduced and the way it can be implementable as an ASIC. Here the Viterbi Decoder is designed for faster decoding speed and less routing area with a special path management unit. The system is realized using Verilog HDL. It is simulated and synthesized using Xilinx ISE 13.2 for RTL Design.
Farmers Willingness to Participate In Voluntary Land Consolidation in Gozamin District, Ethiopia

In many African countries and especially in the highlands of Ethiopia—the investigation site of this paper—agricultural land is highly fragmented. Small and scattered parcels impede a necessary increase in agricultural efficiency. Land consolidation is a proper tool to solve inefficiencies in agricultural production, as it enables consolidating plots based on the consent of landholders. Its major benefits are that individual farms get larger, more compact, contiguous parcels, resulting in lower cultivation efforts. This paper investigates the determinants influencing the willingness of landholder farmers to participate in voluntary land consolidation processes. The study was conducted in Gozamin District, Amhara Region, Ethiopia. The study was mainly based on survey data collected from 343 randomly selected landholder farmers. In addition, structured interviews and focus group discussions with farmers were held. The collected data were analyzed quantitatively mainly by using a logistic regression model and qualitatively by using focus group discussions and expert panels. According to the results, landholder farmers are predominantly willing to participate in voluntary land consolidation (66.8%), while a substantive fraction of farmers express unease with voluntary land consolidation. The study highlighted the following four determinants to be significant in influencing the willingness of farmers for voluntary land consolidation: (1) the exchange should preferably happen with parcels of neighbors, (2) land consolidation should lead to better arranged parcels, (3) nearness of plots to the farmstead, and (4) an expected improvement in productivity. Interestingly, the majority of farmers believes that land consolidation could reduce land use conflicts. The study provides evidence that policymakers should consider these socio-economic, legal, cultural, infrastructural, and land-related factors when designing and implementing voluntary land consolidation policies and programs.
A Formally Verified Heap Allocator

We present the formal verification of a heap allocator written in C. We use the Isabelle/HOL proof assistant to formally verify the correctness of the heap allocator at the source code level. The C source code of the heap allocator is imported into Isabelle/HOL using CParser and AutoCorres. In addition to providing the guarantee that the heap allocator is free of bugs and therefore is suitable for use in security critical projects, our work facilitates verification of other projects written in C that utilize Isabelle and AutoCorres.1
Fan Chirp Transform with nonlinear time warping

This paper proposes an extension of a method for time-frequency analysis of nonstationary harmonic signals: the Fan Chirp Transform (FChT). In its original form, the FChT considers that each fundamental frequency (along with the higher harmonics) of the signal may vary linearly in a period of time. This model, however, may be considered poor for some types of signals, especially those whose fundamental frequencies vary rapidly with time. By allowing quadratic frequency variation, this article presents a solution to this problem, which may be considered the next step of the FChT. The proposed technique is assessed in the context of music signals.