Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The Determinants of Joint Residential and Job Location Choices: A Mixed Logit Approach

This paper empirically investigates the household's decision to reside and work either in the central metropolitan area, or in the surrounding nonmetropolitan area, or to commute between the two regions. As economic theory suggests the location decision amounts to trading off wages, housing costs, and commuting time. A mixed logit model is employed to quantify the interaction effects of these economic factors in the joint residential and job location choice. The empirical approach does not rely on the restrictive IIA assumption and allows for arbitrary correlation patterns between coefficients. Using data from a recent survey of more than half a million German households, the elasticities of individual location choice with respect to wages, housing costs, and commuting time are estimated. The results show that individual valuations of these factors are of the expected signs but vary substantially in the population. Shifts in consumer surplus and in the spatial distribution of households that are associated with changes in the determinants of location choice are calculated based on the empirical estimates.
Sustained Ca 2 + transfer across mitochondria is Essential for mitochondrial Ca 2 + buffering , sore-operated Ca 2 + entry , and Ca 2 + store refilling

Mitochondria have been found to sequester and release Ca2+ during cell stimulation with inositol 1,4,5-triphosphate-generating agonists, thereby generating subplasmalemmal microdomains of low Ca2+ that sustain activity of capacitative Ca2+ entry (CCE). Procedures that prevent mitochondrial Ca2+ uptake inhibit local Ca2+ buffering and CCE, but it is not clear whether Ca2+ has to transit through or remains trapped in the mitochondria. Thus, we analyzed the contribution of mitochondrial Ca2+ efflux on the ability of mitochondria to buffer subplasmalemmal Ca2+, to maintain CCE, and to facilitate endoplasmic reticulum (ER) refilling in endothelial cells. Upon the addition of histamine, the initial mitochondrial Ca2+ transient, monitored with ratio-metric-pericam-mitochondria, was largely independent of extracellular Ca2+. However, subsequent removal of extracellular Ca2+ produced a reversible decrease in [Ca2+]mito, indicating that Ca2+ was continuously taken up and released by mitochondria, although [Ca2+]mito had returned to basal levels. Accordingly, inhibition of the mitochondrial Na+/Ca2+ exchanger with CGP 37157 [. ] MALLI, Roland, et al. Sustained Ca2+ transfer across mitochondria is Essential for mitochondrial Ca2+ buffering, sore-operated Ca2+ entry, and Ca2+ store refilling. Journal of Biological Chemistry, 2003, vol. 278, no. 45, p. 44769-79 DOI : 10.1074/jbc.M302511200
H 19 promotes endometrial cancer progression by modulating epithelial-mesenchymal transition

Endometrial cancer is one of the most common types of gynecological malignancy worldwide. Novel biomarkers and therapeutic targets are imperative for improving patients' survival. Previous studies have suggested the long non-coding RNA H19 as a potential cancer biomarker. To investigate the role of H19 in endometrial cancer, the present study examined the expression pattern of H19 in endometrial cancer tissues by quantitative polymerase chain reaction, and characterized its function in the endometrial cancer cell line via knocking down its expression with small interfering RNAs. It was found that H19 level was significantly higher in tumor tissues than in paratumoral tissues. Knockdown of H19 did not affect the growth rate of HEC‐1‐B endometrial cancer cells, but significantly suppressed in vitro migration and invasion of HEC-1-B cells. Furthermore, H19 downregulation decreased Snail level and increased E-cadherin expression without affecting vimentin level, indicating partial reversion of epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). The present findings suggested that H19 contributed to the aggressiveness of endometrial cancer by modulating EMT process.
The two‐day wave in EOS MLS temperature and wind measurements during 2004–2005 winter

Two‐day wave observations during January–March 2005 are reported using the recently launched Microwave Limb Sounder (MLS) aboard NASA's Earth Observing System Aura mission. Wave‐induced disturbances in temperature, water vapor, carbon monoxide, and MLS line‐of‐sight wind appear in early January, peak near the end of January, and persist until late February. Temperature and wind amplitudes as large as 9 K and 50 m/s are observed near 90 km. The wave disturbance is initially confined in the mid to low summer latitudes where the climatological summer easterly jet exhibits strong shear. The wave then develops features akin to the third Rossby‐gravity global normal mode, with a weak temperature disturbance in the winter hemisphere (anti‐symmetric about the equator) and wind disturbance over the equator. Strong wind perturbation episode around 17–23 January 2005 in the mid‐latitude Southern hemisphere coincides with a particularly intense solar proton event.
Engineering Techniques Applied to AmI : Security Patterns

The realization of the Ambient Intelligence concept entails many important challenges, but the most important barriers to this realization is the lack of adequate support for security. In this paper we present a conceptual model of our solution for building secure systems for AmI environments, taking as basis the concept of Security and Dependability (S&D) Pattern as a precise representation of validated S&D solutions and mechanisms. The main elements embedded in our solution framework (S&D library, monitoring interface and S&D Manager) are presented both conceptually, and also using a simple example scenario based on an hospital AmI environment.
Reuse-Oriented Camouflaging Attack : Vulnerability Detection and Attack Construction

We introduce a reuse-oriented camouflaging attack – a new threat to legal software binaries. To perform a malicious action, such an attack will identify and reuse an existing function in a legal binary program instead of implementing the function itself. Furthermore, the attack is stealthy in that the malicious invocation of a targeted function usually takes place in a location where it is legal to do so, closely mimicking a legal invocation. At the network level, the victim binary can still follow its communication protocol without exhibiting any anomalous behavior. Meanwhile, many close-source shareware binaries are rich in functions that can be maliciously “reused”, making them attractive targets of this type of attack. In this paper, we present a framework to determine if a given binary program is vulnerable to this attack and to construct a concrete attack if so. Our experiments with a number of real-world software binaries demonstrate that the reuse-oriented camouflaging attacks are real and vulnerabilities in the binaries can be effectively revealed and confirmed.
Determinants of IFRS Compliance by Canadian Companies

The objective of this paper is to provide evidence on IFRS compliance by Canadian companies. The Canadian Accounting Standards Board (AcSB) required the use of IFRS for publicly accountable enterprises (other than pension plans) beginning on January 1, 2011. Specifically, the authors analyze the determinants of IFRS disclosure compliance for these companies. Canada provides a good setting for their research, because they measure the compliance in the first year of IFRS adoption when some of the companies are still allowed to use U.S. GAAP or local GAAP. They measure compliance by using an updated version of the instrument used in Hodgdon et al. (2009). The authors’ results show that firm size, foreign sales proportion, and U.S. listing are positively associated with the IFRS compliance while the leverage ratio is negatively associated with the IFRS compliance of the sample firms. These results confirm the premise that firms with better information environment and better monitoring tend to comply well with the newly adopted accounting information. KeywoRDS Canada, Disclosure, IFRS Adoption, IFRS Compliance
Déséquilibre du profil des cytokines au cours de l'infection virale C

Le virus de l’hépatite C (VHC) est caractérisé par une grande variabilité génétique et par une capacité d’échappement au système immunitaire de l’hôte entraînant un passage à la chronicité de l’hépatite C dans plus de 70 % des cas. Les mécanismes des lésions hépatiques induites par le VHC sont encore mal connus, et leur étude souffre de l’absence de systèmes de culture cellulaire corrects ou de modèle animal simple. Elles font vraisemblablement intervenir deux types de mécanismes dépendant du statut immunitaire du sujet infecté. L’effet cytopathique direct apparaît chez les malades ayant un déficit acquis de l’immunité à médiation cellulaire (sujets co-infectés par le virus de l’immunodéficience humaine (VIH), sujets transplantés avec récidive virale C), mais, dans la plupart des cas, la réponse immunitaire de l’hôte dirigée contre le VHC apparaît le principal responsable des lésions hépatiques. Les lymphocytes cytotoxiques CD8+ participent à la clairance virale en détruisant les hépatocytes infectés, mais cette réponse non coordonnée en quantité et en qualité est responsable des lésions hépatiques chroniques et de la progression vers la cirrhose. Au cours de l’infection, les cellules immunitaires et inflammatoires activées infiltrant le parenchyme sécrètent des cytokines qui coordonnent et amplifient la réponse immunitaire. L’étude de l’expression hépatique de ces médiateurs permet d’analyser les mécanismes immunologiques à l’origine des lésions hépatiques.
Structural Versus Functional Habitat Connectivity Measures to Explain Bird Diversity in Fragmented Orchards

Structural Versus Functional Habitat Connectivity Measures to Explain Bird Diversity in Fragmented Orchards Habitat connectivity plays a paramount role in the biodiversity of fragmented landscapes. Commonly, connectivity is measured using simple structural metrics, e.g. Euclidean distances between habitat patches. Recently, functional measures such as cost-distance metrics have been proposed. Cost-distance metrics account for behavioural aspects of investigated organisms. They weight the habitats of the investigated landscape according to specific cost values, and model the optimal dispersal corridor according to these values. This study investigated i) if structural or functional connectivity measures explain biodiversity in a focal habitat better and ii) if the appropriateness of the measure differs between patch and landscape scale. We mapped the landscapes within a 500 m radius around 30 fragmented traditional orchards (focal patch). Connectivity measures were based on either Euclidean distances (structural) or cost-distances (functional) to other suitable habitat patches. Birds were used as biodiversity indicators. For analysis, we calculated species richness and total abundance of all species with a preference for woody habitats. In addition, abundances of four wood-preferring bird species were also examined individually. Linear models were created using stepwise forward selection. The relative performance of structural and functional connectivity measures was scale dependent. Structural metrics explained more variance at the patch scale whereas functional metrics explained more variance at the landscape scale. We conclude that simple structural metrics can be used to investigate local or small-scale effects on bird diversity but that investigations of landscape scale connectivity should consider behavioural aspects by using more complex functional metrics. The comparison between group and single species showed that not all individual species behave similarly to group results. Whilst the use of organism groups must be treated with caution, it is certainly worthy of future study.
Marketing of Forest Products: Income and Employment Perspective-An Analysis

Increased concern about the environmental and health effects of wood preservation methods motivate producers to find new wood products for outdoor use that combine durability, environmental friendliness and consumer appeal. Consequently, the industry must improve its ability to elicit key product attributes for the consumers and to transform this knowledge in popular wood products. Different approaches for attribute elicitation and marketing planning for outdoor wood are applied and discussed in this paper. The approaches are sensory analysis, free elicitation, segmentation, and conjoint analysis. The results indicate that all these methods are promising for new product development in the wood industry. The methods have different strengths and weaknesses and their application and successful use for new products also involve the development of new capabilities in the industry.
Origami-based structures with programmable properties

Origami-inspired foldable structures and mechanisms have demonstrated a variety of beneficial features including geometric complexity and structural resilience, but little attention has been paid to their applications. We present a novel cellular metamaterial constructed from origami building blocks based on Miura-ori fold. The proposed cellular metamaterial exhibits unusual properties some of which stemming from the inherent properties of its origami building blocks, and others manifesting due to its unique geometrical construction and architecture. These properties include rigid-foldability, auxeticity (i.e., negative Poisson’s ratio), bistability, and self-locking of origami building blocks to construct load-bearing cellular metamaterials. Also, we introduce an origami “string”: a slender structure with a programmable trajectory. The string is composed of a number of elements that can be individually programmed to achieve a specific folding pattern and curvature. The mechanism has a single degree of freedom, allowing it to be actuated from one end while maintaining precise positioning along the entire string length. These features demonstrate capabilities of the proposed origami strings for robotics application such as a robotic gripper and a biomimetic hand.
The evolution of hydrocarbon pheromone parsimony in ants (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) - interplay of colony odor uniformity and odor idiosyncrasy. A review

Hydrocarbons are the main lipid constituents on the insect cuticle, and generally provide the insect with a waterproof layer to prevent desiccation. In many insects this class of chemicals has been coopted to serve as pheromones. In social insects, in particular in ants cuticular hydrocarbons (CHCs) have at least two pheromonal functions. They act as recognition cues that facilitate colony insularity, protecting it from parasites or conspecific invasions. Supporting evidence for this function are their extreme complexity, their colony specific composition, and in a few cases also demonstrating elevated or reduced aggression between encountering ants as a function of the label (alien or nestmate) they were painted with. The second function of CHCs is in signaling fertility. In many ant species it was demonstrated that fertile individuals (queens, gamergates, or egg laying workers) have CHC profiles that are distinct from that of their sterile nestmates. This can be expressed as the augmentation of a single or a small subset of the blend components, or differences in the entire blend. The fact that these signals have an abundance of branched alkanes, which lower the break point of cuticular impermeability thus imposing cost on the individual, indicates that these may constitute honest signals. This dual function seems contradictory since nestmate recognition necessitates a uniform colony odor, i.e., uniform CHC composition, whereas fertility signal requires idiosyncrasy since the fertile individual needs to be singled out among the colony members rather than conform to colony odor. A possible resolution is that species that use CHCs for nestmate recognition do not use them as fertility signals and vice versa. I propose an alternative solution whereby workers have variable discrimination thresholds and response to differences in the pheromone blend, large or small, in a contextdependent manner.
A New Empirical Non-linear Model for SOI MOSFET

An empirical non-linear model for SOI MOSFET useful for large-signal simulations of high frequency circuit design is presented. An original close form expression is proposed for the drain current and charge conservation is taken into account, as capacitances are derived from a single charge model. The model's parameters are first extracted, prior the model implementation in a circuit simulator. Then some comparisons with experimental data are proposed to validate the model. Note that the model is well suited for the Fully Depleted either the Partially Depleted devices.
SBC 2010-19099 A COMPUTATIONAL MODEL FOR GUT LOOPING

INTRODUCTION In chick embryos, a series of complex invaginations involving the three germ layers (endoderm, ectoderm, and mesoderm) lead to the formation of the primitive gut tube. This process normally occurs during the third day of development, at the end of which the gut appears as an open cylindrical tube (Fig.1A). By the end of the fourth day, the tube is closed except in the middle section, which is connected to the yolk sac (Fig. 1B). The gut at this stage is typically divided into three sections: the foregut, midgut, and hindgut. Now starts the process of gut looping that transforms the initially straight gut tube into the complex intestinal system of the adult chick. The focus of this study is on shape changes that occur between the fourth and fifth days of incubation when the straight gut tube is transformed into an s-shaped one (Fig. 1C). This occurs as the primitive gut tube undergoes rapid elongation, twisting, and rotation causing three distinct bends (the duodenal loop, umbilical loop, and the duodenal-jejunal flexure) to appear simultaneously by the end of the fifth day. Borrowing the term used to describe a similar process in heart development, this initial phase of gut looping is referred to as “s-looping of the gut” in this study. Congenital gut defects are a major cause of death in children and neonates. Several of these defects occur due to anomalies in gut looping. Although the genetic and molecular mechanisms behind this process have received considerable attention, the biomechanical forces responsible for looping have not been thoroughly studied. This study uses a combined experimental (chick embryo) and computational (finite elements) approach to study gut looping and shed light on the biophysical forces driving s-looping of the gut. Although overall chicken gut development is not exactly the same as in humans, enough similarities exist to warrant its study. It was observed that despite multiple studies on the genetics of looping, clear images detailing the formation of the gut sloop are currently not available for chicken embryos (the most widely used are a sequence of drawings from 1960 [1]). A second aim of the current study is to obtain clear “before and after” pictures that are invaluable in model development. EXPERIMENTAL METHODS Fertile white leghorn chicken eggs were incubated in a forceddraft incubator with appropriate humidity and temperature controls. At the end of the third, fourth, and fifth days of incubation, the eggs were taken out of the incubator and the embryo was transferred to a Petri dish. The gut is an internal organ system and various outer organs such as the heart and liver were removed first to expose the gut, which was then imaged.
Intercultural Mergers and Acquisitions as `Legitimacy Crises' of Models of Capitalism: A UK—German Case Study

This paper examines media discourse surrounding two UK— German intercultural business controversies: the takeover of the German company Mannesmann by the British company Vodafone in 1999, and the disposal of its British subsidiary Rover by its German parent company BMW in 2000. These controversies were framed in the media of both countries as part of a `clash of cultures of capitalism', with the `Anglo-Saxon model' on one side and the `German social model' on the other, and can be seen as `legitimacy crises' of the two models of capitalism involved. The paper examines how cultural, economic and political discourses relating to globalization were used strategically by actors to deal with these crises, in order to legitimize a neo-liberal transformation of the German model in the first case, and to legitimize a `rebranding' of the UK model in line with a move from a concentration on manufacturing to a service economy in the second.
Yang-Mills lattice on CUDA

Abstract The Yang-Mills fields have an important role in the non- Abelian gauge field theory which describes the properties of the quarkgluon plasma. The real time evolution of the classical fields is given by the equations of motion which are derived from the Hamiltonians to contain the term of the SU(2) gauge field tensor. The dynamics of the classical lattice Yang-Mills equations are studied on a 3 dimensional regular lattice. During the solution of this system we keep the total energy on constant values and it satisfies the Gauss law. The physical quantities are desired to be calculated in the thermodynamic limit. The broadly available computers can handle only a small amount of values, while the GPUs provide enough performance to reach out for higher volumes of lattice vertices which approximates the aforementioned limit.
A high-density relativistic reflection origin for the soft and hard X-ray excess emission from Mrk 1044

We present the first results from a detailed spectral-timing analysis of a long (~130 ks) XMM- Newton observation and quasi-simultaneous NuSTAR and Swift observations of the highly accreting narrow-line Seyfert 1 galaxy Mrk 1044. The broad-band (0.3-50 keV) spectrum reveals the presence of a strong soft X-ray excess emission below ~1.5 keV, iron Kα emission complex at ~6-7 keV and a 'Compton hump' at ~15-30 keV. We find that the relativistic reflection from a high-density accretion disc with a broken power-law emissivity profile can simultaneously explain the soft X-ray excess, highly ionized broad iron line and the Compton hump. At low frequencies ([2 - 6] × 10-5 Hz), the power-law continuum-dominated 1.5- 5 keV band lags behind the reflection-dominated 0.3-1 keV band, which is explained with a combination of propagation fluctuation and Comptonization processes, while at higher frequencies ([1 - 2] × 10-4 Hz), we detect a soft lag which is interpreted as a signature of X-ray reverberation from the accretion disc. The fractional root-mean-squared variability of the source decreases with energy and is well described by two variable components: a less variable relativistic disc reflection and a more variable direct coronal emission. Our combined spectral-timing analyses suggest that the observed broad-band X-ray variability of Mrk 1044 is mainly driven by variations in the location or geometry of the optically thin, hot corona.