Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Experiences of LGBTIQA+ People with Disability in Healthcare and Community Services: Towards Embracing Multiple Identities

Healthcare and disability support services are increasing their efforts towards inclusion and recognising the needs of different groups. This research project was conducted by academic and peer researchers (LGBTIQA+ people with disability) in Victoria, Australia using four focus groups with LGBTIQA+ people with disability. We report on two overarching themes relating to participants’ experiences of accessing health services as LGBTIQA+ people with disability: difficulties in managing multiple identities and the impacts of community services and supports. Participants described having to repeatedly ‘come out’ in a range of ways and contexts as complex and layered processes in which it was difficult to present their full range of needs and experiences to services. We also found that the role of community in promoting a sense of belonging and resilience increased capacity to manage health service use and advocacy. Services and communities aiming to be inclusive to all have the opportunity to recognise and respond to the issues faced by LGBTIQA+ people with disability as a way to pay attention to how overt and subtle practices of discrimination continue to operate despite repeated attempts at or claims of being ‘inclusive. ’ Our research suggests actual inclusive, accessible services can be achieved in part through policy and practice that actively responds to the specific needs of LGBTIQA+ people with disability, in addition to LGBTIQA+ education for disability services and disability and accessibility education for LGBTIQA+ focused services. As we do in this article, we argue that this work must be done by prioritising authentic participation of LGBTIQA+ people with disability in the services and research that is about them.
HIV-1 Gag specifically restricts PI(4,5)P2 and cholesterol mobility in living cells creating a nanodomain platform for virus assembly

HIV-1 is creating its own lipid bed for assembly. HIV-1 Gag protein assembles at the plasma membrane of infected cells for viral particle formation. Gag targets lipids, mainly PI(4,5)P2, at the inner leaflet of this membrane. Here, we address the question whether Gag is able to trap specifically PI(4,5)P2 or other lipids during HIV-1 assembly in the host CD4+ T lymphocytes. Lipid dynamics within and away from HIV-1 assembly sites were determined using super-resolution microscopy coupled with scanning fluorescence correlation spectroscopy in living cells. Analysis of HIV-1–infected cells revealed that, upon assembly, HIV-1 is able to specifically trap PI(4,5)P2 and cholesterol, but not phosphatidylethanolamine or sphingomyelin. Furthermore, our data showed that Gag is the main driving force to restrict the mobility of PI(4,5)P2 and cholesterol at the cell plasma membrane. This is the first direct evidence highlighting that HIV-1 creates its own specific lipid environment by selectively recruiting PI(4,5)P2 and cholesterol as a membrane nanoplatform for virus assembly.
Dietary sulfate-driven and gut dysbiosis-triggered breast cancer-related gene upregulation

By gut microbiota metagenomic analysis, we found that the abundance of sulfatase-secreting bacteria (SSB) in the gut of mice fed chondroitin sulfate (CS) increases with significant individual difference. The fluctuation of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and pro-inflammatory indicators with significant individual and tissue variations was also observed. After mice were fed mixed with CS or injected separately with LPS, the breast cancer-related transcriptional factor genes, BCL11A and RUNX1, were upregulated, whereas the tumor suppressor gene, TP53BP1, were downregulated. Further, the mammary myopithelium marker CK5/6, the mammary hyperplasia marker Ki-67, and other tumor markers were also upregulated. While the exogenous estradiol does not induce the expression of BCL11A, RUNX1, and TP53BP1, the estrogen receptor (ER) agonist Fulvestrant that mimics estradiol action not only elevates estradiol concentrations, but also upregulates tumor marker expression levels, revealing that ER inflammatory inactivation and hyperestrogenemia induction might be the etiological cues of breast cancer origin. This study has preliminarily established a possible correlation of gut microbiota dysbiosis and chronic low-grade inflammation with the early-phase onset of breast cancer in mice. The statistical insignificance of test data was attributed to the individual difference of gut microbiota compositions, which determining the individual and tissue variations of systemic inflammation.
Principal Component Analysis and its Generalizations for any type Sequence (PCA-SEQ)

In the 40s of the last century, Karhunen and Loève proposed a method for processing of one-dimensional numeric time series by converting it into a multidimensional by shifts. In fact, a one-dimensional number series was decomposed into several orthogonal time series. This method has many times been independently developed and applied in practice under various names (EOF, SSA, Caterpillar, etc.). Nowadays, the name SSA (the Singular Spectral Analysis) is most often used. It turned out that it is universal, applicable to any time series without requiring stationary assumptions, automatically decomposes time series into a trend, cyclic components and noise. By the beginning of the 1980s Takens showed that for a dynamical system such a method makes it possible to obtain an attractor from observing only one of these variables, thereby bringing the method to a powerful theoretical basis. In the same years, the practical benefits of phase portraits became clear. In particular, it was used in the analysis and forecast of the animal abundance dynamics. In this paper we propose to extend SSA to one-dimensional sequence of any type elements, including numbers, symbols, figures, etc., and, as a special case, to molecular sequence. Technically, the problem is solved almost the same algorithm as the SSA. The sequence is cut by a sliding window into fragments of a given length. Between all fragments, the matrix of Euclidean distances is calculated. This is always possible. For example, the square root from the Hamming distance between fragments is the Euclidean distance. For the resulting matrix, the principal components are calculated by the principal-coordinate method (PCo). Instead of a distance matrix one can use a matrix of any similarity/dissimilarity indexes and apply methods of multidimensional scaling (MDS). The result will always be PCs in some Euclidean space. We called this method PCA-Seq. It is certainly an exploratory method, as its particular case SSA. For any sequence, including molecular, PCA-Seq without any additional assumptions allows to get its principal components in a numerical form and visualize them in the form of phase portraits. Long-term experience of SSA application for numerical data gives all reasons to believe that PCA-Seq will be not less useful in the analysis of non-numerical data, especially in hypothesizing. PCA-Seq is implemented in the freely distributed Jacobi 4 package (http://mrherrn.github.io/JACOBI4/).
DynTriPy: A Python Package for Detecting Dynamic Earthquake Triggering Signals

Long-term and large-scale observations of dynamic earthquake triggering are urgently needed to understand the mechanism of earthquake interaction and assess seismic hazards. We developed a robust Python package termed DynTriPy to automatically detect dynamic triggering signals by distinguishing anomalous seismicity after the arrival of remote earthquakes. This package is an efficient implementation of the high-frequency power integral ratio algorithm, which is suitable for processing big data independent of earthquake catalogs or subjective judgments and can suppress the influence of noise and variations in the background seismicity. Finally, a confidence level of dynamic triggering (0–1) is statistically yielded. DynTriPy is designed to process data from multiple stations in parallel, taking advantage of rapidly expanding seismic arrays to monitor triggering on a global scale. Various data formats are supported, such as Seismic Analysis Code, mini Standard for Exchange of Earthquake Data (miniSEED), and SEED. To tune parameters more conveniently, we build a function to generate a database that stores power integrals in different time and frequency segments. All calculation functions possess a high-level parallel architecture, thoroughly capitalizing on available computational resources. We output and store the results of each function for continuous operation in the event of an unexpected interruption. The deployment of DynTriPy to data centers for real-time monitoring and investigating the sudden activation of any signal within a certain frequency scope has broad application prospects.
The Standardized Precipitation Index – an overview

At twenty years after its launch, the Standardized Precipitation Index (SPI) is intensively used both in fundamental studies and practical applications. It is implemented operationally in numerous Hydrological and Meteorological Services, being considered a universal drought index. This overview covers the interval 1993-2012, it focuses mainly on the publications in international journals, and reports on the conceptual and methodological developments (a), topics approached (b), operational status (c), and perspectives (d). The overview demonstrates the reasons which have made the SPI a powerful tool for drought studies, namely robust concept, simple calculation and understanding, temporal flexibility, spatial meaning, and wide applicability. Besides, the recent Lincoln Declaration on Drought Indices urges for further advancements of the SPI, and this overview makes up a support for such a growth.
Influence of gravity wave temperature anomalies and their vertical gradients on cirrus clouds in the tropical tropopause layer – a satellite-based view

Abstract. Negative temperature perturbations ( T′ ) from gravity waves are known to be favorable to tropical tropopause layer (TTL) clouds, and recent studies have further suggested a possible role of d T ′ / d z in facilitating TTL cloud formation and maintenance. With a focus on exploring the influence of d T ′ / d z on TTL clouds, this study utilizes radio occultation temperature retrievals and cloud layers from Cloud-Aerosol Lidar and Infrared Pathfinder Satellite Observations (CALIPSO) to understand how gravity wave perturbations modulate cloud occurrence in the tropics. Cloud populations were evaluated in four phases corresponding to positive or negative T′ and d T ′ / d z . We find that 55 % of TTL clouds are found where T′ and d T ′ / d z are both negative. Regions of frequent convection are associated with higher cloud populations in the warm phase T ′ > 0 . We show that the partitioning of cloud population among wave phases exhibits dependence on background relative humidity. In the phase where T′ and d T ′ / d z are both negative, the mean cloud effective radius is the smallest of all four phases, but the differences are small. It is shown that the strongest mean negative T′ anomaly is centered on the cloud top, resulting in positive d T ′ / d z above the cloud top and negative d T ′ / d z below. This negative T′ anomaly propagates downward with time, characteristic of upward propagating gravity waves. Negative (positive) T′ anomalies are associated with increased (decreased) probability of being occupied by clouds. The magnitude of T′ correlates with the increase or decrease in cloud occurrence, giving evidence that the wave amplitude influences the probability of cloud occurrence. While the decrease in cloud occurrence in the warm phase is centered on the altitude of T′ maxima, we show that the increase in cloud occurrence around T′ minima occurs below the minima in height, indicating that cloud formation or maintenance is facilitated mainly inside negative d T ′ / d z . Together with existing studies, our results suggest that the cold phase of gravity waves is favorable to TTL clouds mainly through the region where d T ′ / d z is negative.
Effects of SiO2 Filler in the Shell and Wood Fiber in the Core on the Thermal Expansion of Core–Shell Wood/Polyethylene Composites

The influence of nano-silica (nSiO2) and micro-silica (mSiO2) in the shell and wood fiber filler in the core on the thermal expansion behavior of co-extruded wood/polyethylene composites (Co-WPCs) was investigated to optimize the thermal expansion resistance. The cut Co-WPCs samples showed anisotropic thermal expansion, and the thermal expansion strain and linear coefficient of thermal expansion (LCTE) decreased by filling the shell layer with rigid silica, especially nSiO2. Finite element analysis indicated that the polymer-filled shell was mainly responsible for the thermal expansion. The entire Co-WPCs samples exhibited a lower thermal expansion strain than the cut Co-WPCs samples due to protection by the shell. Increasing the wood fiber content in the core significantly decreased the thermal expansion strain and LCTE of the Co-WPCs. The Co-WPCs whose core layer was filled with 70% wood fiber exhibited the greatest anisotropic thermal expansion.
E-Cigarette Promotion on Twitter in Australia: Content Analysis of Tweets

Background The sale of electronic cigarettes (e-cigarettes) containing nicotine is prohibited in all Australian states and territories; yet, the growing availability and convenience of the internet enable the promotion and exposure of e-cigarettes across countries. Social media’s increasing pervasiveness has provided a powerful avenue to market products and influence social norms and risk behaviors. At present, there is no evidence of how e-cigarettes and vaping are promoted on social media in Australia. Objective This study aimed to investigate how e-cigarettes are portrayed and promoted on Twitter through a content analysis of vaping-related tweets containing an image posted and retweeted by Australian users and how the portrayal and promotion have emerged and trended over time. Methods In total, we analyzed 1303 tweets and accompanying images from 2012, 2014, 2016, and 2018 collected through the Tracking Infrastructure for Social Media Analysis (TrISMA), a contemporary technical and organizational infrastructure for the tracking of public communication by Australian users of social media, via a list of 15 popular e-cigarette–related terms. Results Despite Australia’s cautious approach toward e-cigarettes and the limited evidence supporting them as an efficacious smoking cessation aid, it is evident that there is a concerted effort by some Twitter users to promote these devices as a health-conducive (91/129, 70.5%), smoking cessation product (266/1303, 20.41%). Further, Twitter is being used in an attempt to circumvent Australian regulation and advocate for a more liberal approach to personal vaporizers (90/1303, 6.90%). A sizeable proportion of posts was dedicated to selling or promoting vape products (347/1303, 26.63%), and 19.95% (260/1303) were found to be business listings. These posts used methods to try and expand their clientele further than immediate followers by touting competitions and giveaways, with those wanting to enter having to perform a sequence of steps such as liking, tagging, and reposting, ultimately exposing the post among the user’s network and to others not necessarily interested in vaping. Conclusions The borderless nature of social media presents a clear challenge for enforcing Article 13 of the World Health Organization Framework Convention on Tobacco Control, which requires all ratifying nations to implement a ban on tobacco advertising, promotion, and sponsorship. Countering the advertising and promotion of these products is a public health challenge that will require cross-border cooperation with other World Health Organization Framework Convention on Tobacco Control parties. Further research aimed at developing strategies to counter the advertising and promotion of e-cigarettes is therefore needed.
Recent Discoveries of Diagnostic, Prognostic and Predictive Biomarkers for Pancreatic Cancer

Simple Summary Biomarkers for cancer diagnosis, prognosis and prediction are important tools and an urgent need in precision medicine for pancreatic cancer. In recent years, many experimental and clinical studies aimed at identifying new biomarkers for pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma. In the review, we summarized current investigations on using novel protein markers, cell-free DNA, metabolome compounds, immune and stroma signatures and microbiome compositions as biomarkers for pancreatic cancer. Our comprehensive overview shows that although there are new promising biomarkers, CA 19-9 remains currently the only regularly used and validated biomarker for pancreatic cancer in clinical routine. Abstract Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is an aggressive disease with a dismal prognosis that is frequently diagnosed at an advanced stage. Although less common than other malignant diseases, it currently ranks as the fourth most common cause of cancer-related death in the European Union with a five-year survival rate of below 9%. Surgical resection, followed by adjuvant chemotherapy, remains the only potentially curative treatment but only a minority of patients is diagnosed with locally resectable, non-metastatic disease. Patients with advanced disease are treated with chemotherapy but high rates of treatment resistance and unfavorable side-effect profiles of some of the used regimens remain major challenges. Biomarkers reflect pathophysiological or physiological processes linked to a disease and can be used as diagnostic, prognostic and predictive tools. Thus, accurate biomarkers can allow for better patient stratification and guide therapy choices. Currently, the only broadly used biomarker for PDAC, CA 19-9, has multiple limitations and the need for novel biomarkers is urgent. In this review, we highlight the current situation, recent discoveries and developments in the field of biomarkers of PDAC and their potential clinical applications.
Chemical Control of the Brown Planthopper in Japan

The brown planthopper, Nilaparvata lugens, (BPH), which is raging throughout rice growing areas of Asia, is a stubborn rice insect of primary importance also in the southern half of Japan. This species is considered to migrate from abroad together with the white-backed planthopper, Sogatella furcif era, during the rainy season in June and July and multiply with high reproduction potential to give devastating damage in the autumn. Massive use of insecticides has been adopted since we have no effective non-chemical control methods such as resistant varieties of rice used in Southeast Asia. Discovery of various organic insecticides after the 1940's has made steady suppression of this insect possible by taking place of the traditional sole protective measure, paddy water application of various oils. Nowadays a remarkable portion of the total insecticide production is consumed for BPH control.
Aucklandia lappa Causes Membrane Permeation of Candida albicans

Candida albicans is a major fungal pathogen in humans. In our previous study, we reported that an ethanol extract from Aucklandia lappa weakens C. albicans cell wall by inhibiting synthesis or assembly of both (1,3)-β-D-glucan polymers and chitin. In the current study, we found that the extract is involved in permeabilization of C. albicans cell membranes. While uptake of ethidium bromide (EtBr) was 3.0% in control cells, it increased to 7.4% for 30 min in the presence of the A. lappa ethanol extract at its minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC), 0.78 mg/ml, compared to uptake by heat-killed cells. Besides, leakage of DNA and proteins was observed in A. lappa-treated C. albicans cells. The increased uptake of EtBr and leakage of cellular materials suggest that A. lappa ethanol extract induced functional changes in C. albicans cell membranes. Incorporation of diphenylhexatriene (DPH) into membranes in the A. lappa-treated C. albicans cells at its MIC decreased to 84.8%, after 60 min of incubation, compared with that of the controls, indicate that there was a change in membrane dynamics. Moreover, the anticandidal effect of the A. lappa ethanol extract was enhanced at a growth temperature of 40°C compared to that at 35°C. The above data suggest that the antifungal activity of the A. lappa ethanol extract against C. albicans is associated with synergistic action of membrane permeabilization due to changes in membrane dynamics and cell wall damage caused by reduced formation of (1,3)-β-D-glucan and chitin.
Expressions of conventional vitellogenin and vitellogenin‐like A in worker brains are associated with a nursing task in a ponerine ant

In eusocial insect colonies, non‐reproductive workers often perform different tasks. Tasks of an individual worker are shifted depending on various factors, e.g., age and colony demography. Although a vitellogenin (Vg) gene play regulatory roles in both reproductive and non‐reproductive division of labours in a honeybee, it has been shown that the insect Vg underwent multiple gene duplications and sub‐functionalisation, especially in apical ant lineages. The regulatory roles of duplicated Vgs were suggested to change evolutionarily among ants, whereas such roles in phylogenetically basal ants remain unclear. Here, we examined the expression patterns of conventional Vg (CVg), Vg‐like A, Vg‐like B and Vg‐like C, as well as Vg receptor, during the task shift in an age‐dependent manner and under experimental manipulation of colony demography in a primitive ant Diacamma sp. Expressions of CVg and Vg‐like A in a brain were associated with a nursing task. It is suggested that associations of brain expressions of these Vgs with worker tasks were acquired in the basal ant lineage, and that such Vg functions could have sub‐functionalised in the derived ant lineage.