Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Uncertainty and the design of in-situ biodiversity-monitoring programs

There are many techniques to deal with uncertainty when modeling data. However, there are many forms of uncertainty that cannot be dealt with mathematically that have to be taken into account when designing a biodiversity monitoring system. Some of these can be minimized by careful planning and quality control, but others have to be investigated during monitoring, and the scale and methods adjusted when necessary to meet objectives. Sources of uncertainty include uncertainty about stakeholders, who will monitor, what to sample, where to sample, causal relationships, species identifications, detectability, distributions, relationships with remote sensing, biotic concordance, complementarity, validity of stratification, and data quality and management. Failure to take into account any of these sources of uncertainty about how the data will be used can make monitoring nothing more than monitoring for the sake of monitoring, and I make recommendations as to how to reduce uncertainties. Some form of standardization is necessary, despite the multiple sources of uncertainty, and experience from RAPELD and other monitoring schemes indicates that spatial standardization is viable and helps reduce many sources of uncertainty.
TOPRAK BİLİMİNDE KIZIL ÖTESİ SPEKTROMETRENİN POTANSİYEL KULLANIMI

Application of precision agriculture techniques, monitoring of carbon sequestration in soils throughout the world and sustaining the soil quality require reliable, fast and cheap soil analysis techniques. The determination of soil physical, chemical, biological and mineralogical characteristics with conventional laboratory analysis can be great time and labor consuming and expensive. The waste of strong chemicals used in soil analysis is hazardous to environment. Diffuse reflectance spectroscopy (ultraviolet, visible, near infrared, mid infrared) as an alternative to conventional laboratory methods has been recently used to determine soil characteristics (soil pH, organic carbon, water content, particle size distribution, cation exchange capacity, exchangeable cations, clay mineralogy and many others) rapidly and inexpensively. Spectroscopic methods require the development of calibrations that relate the spectral information to the property of interest using several statistical methods. Multiple regression analysis, principal component analysis, partial least square regression and neural network are the commonly used multivariate statistical procedures. Portable spectroscopy equipments allow in situ characterization of soil characteristics; thereby variability of soil properties can be also determined in the field. Furthermore, the accuracy of spectroscopic techniques depends on the calibration and the precision and accuracy of the reference method. Therefore, reliable analytical methods need to be used in calibration of spectroscopic technique used in the analysis.
Expert Forum Making Education Easy 5 th Annual Exchange on Advances in IBD – July 2011 Attendees

Attendees Dr Malcolm Arnold Professor Gil Barbezat Professor Murray Barclay Dr Nicholas Burgess Dr Teresa Chalmers-Watson Dr Robert Cunliffe Dr James Falvey Dr Darryl Fry Associate Professor Richard Gearry* Dr Don Guadagni Dr Jason Hill Dr Stephen Inns* Dr George Klingbeil Associate Professor Mark Lane Dr Ishy Maharaj Associate Professor Susan Parry Professor Bryan Parry Dr David Rowbotham * Dr Michael Schultz* Dr Michael Strettell Dr Nicholas Tindle Dr Ian Wallace Dr Linda Watt Dr Campbell White Dr Ian Wilson Dr John Wyeth*
Study of rotation of ellipsoidal particles in combined simple shear flow and magnetic fields

Jeffery’s theory describes the periodic rotation of ellipsoidal particles in a simple shear flow at vanishing Reynolds number limit. In this paper, we present direct numerical simulations, implemented by using the arbitrary Lagrangian-Eulerian (ALE) method, to study the motion of ellipsoidal paramagnetic particles in a simple shear flow subjected to a uniform magnetic field. We investigated the effect of several parameters, including magnetic field strength, direction of magnetic field, and particle aspect ratio, on rotation period and asymmetry of particle rotation. Without a magnetic field, the simulation results are in good agreement with Jeffery’s theory. When a magnetic field is applied perpendicular to the flow direction, the rotational period became longer, and the magnetic field breaks the symmetry of rotational motion of the ellipsoidal particle. As the magnetic field strength increases to a large enough value, the particle could not perform a complete rotation and reaches a steady angle. With other different directions of the magnetic field, the period of rotation and asymmetry of the angular dynamics is also modified.
Measurement of ground electrical conductivities of different soil type and their effect on growth rate of plant

The purpose of this paper is to examine the contribution of ground electrical conductivity on growth rate of plants. Wenner array method of measuring ground conductivity has been employed. Three types of soil samples were used for the study; loamy, clayey and sandy soil. The results show that loamy soil has the highest mean conductivity of 3.752x10 -3 (m) -1 followed by clayey with value of 2.121x10 -3 (m) -1 and sandy soil has the least mean conductivity of 4.023x10 -4 (m) -1 . Comparison is made between the present results with those of Hack and both have good agreement. The effect of this parameter on growth rate of three vegetable crops selected for the study; Amaranthus Cruenthus, Amaranthus Tricolar and Solanum Macrocarpon were also investigated. The results show that loamy soil with highest electrical ground conductivity has greatest tendency to support the growth rate of crops.
Immunohistochemical assessment of Cox-2, and ki- 67 expression in gastric cancer

Cell proliferation characteristics may reflect the aggressiveness of gastric cancer and their eventual prognosis. The aim of this study was to evaluate whether the proliferative activities determined by Ki-67 labeling index (LI) could be used as a predictor in patients with gastric cancer, and examine the relation between COX-2 and Ki-67 expression and gastric cancer. The expression of COX-2 and Ki-67 were detected in 40 patients with gastric cancer and 30 healthy individuals were assessed by immunohistochemistry. The biopsies were fixed in 10% buffered formaldehyde solution, embedded in paraffin and stained immunohistochemically with anti-human COX-2 and Ki-67 antibodies. Expression of Ki-67 andCOX-2was significantly higher in tumor compared with control samples.A significant correlation was found between COX-2 and Ki-67 protein expression. In conclusion,the expression of COX-2 and Ki-67 proteins was closely connected with gastric cancer.
Characterizing Fabrication Process Induced Effects in Deep Submicron PHEMT ' s Using Spectrally Resolved Light Emission Imaging

 Spectrally resolved light emission imaging technique was used for the first time in characterizing fabrication process variation induced effects on deep submicron power PHEMT's electrical characteristics. It is observed in devices processed with different conditions that the difference in gate leakage current can be attributed to gate misalignment as revealed both by emission imaging technique and scanning electron microscope. Defects in the active channel region were also located using the emission imaging technique. The defects have a characteristic of generationrecombination centers with a discrete energy level rendering the Lorentzian shape in drain current flicker noise spectrum.
Attacking Public Key Encryption Algorithm Using Genetic Based Timing Attack

This paper presents a new cryptanalysis method aiming at revealing the private key of RSA public key cryptosystem, by reducing the number of required plaintext-ciphertext samples needed by timing attacks and speeding up attacking operations. The proposed attack uses timing cryptanalysis as an evaluation technique utilized by genetic algorithm to search through possible private keys. This evaluation technique used to form a fitness function evaluates keys and distinguishes partially correct keys from entirely wrong ones. The proposed notion of genetic based timing attack outlined in this work with its preliminary implementation, have given encouraging results on RSA cryptosystem samples. Further work is required to implement the idea on practically existing system.
Evaluation of a continuous monitoring and multi-level feedback initiative to improve quality of anaesthetic care and perioperative work flow

Primary aim: To evaluate the impact of a departmental continuous quality monitoring and multi-level feedback initiative upon the quality of anaesthetic care and efficiency of perioperative workflow within a London teaching hospital over a two year period. Data will be analysed at multiple time-points over the course of the project in order to generate both formative and summative information to support development and evaluation of the initiative.
PHYTOCHEMICAL AND ANTIOXIDANT POTENTIAL OF CRUDE METHANOLIC EXTRACT AND FRACTIONS OF CELTIS ERIOCARPA DECNE . LEAVES FROM LESSER HIMALAYA REGION OF PAKISTAN

Celtis eriocarpa Decne. belongs to family cannabaceae. It is commonly found in Indo-Pak subcontinent and is used in healthcare practices. Decoction of leaves is used against amenorrhoea, fruits are used against colic. Powdered bark is used to treat pimples, sprain, contusions and joint pain. Leaves of Celtis eriocarpa were collected from lesser Himalayan region of Pakistan (Murree and Galliyat) in April 2014, and subjected to proximate analysis, qualitative and quantitative phytochemicals and DPPH antioxidant determination after fractionation. Quantitative determination of total phenolic (TPC), total flavonoid (TFC) and DPPH antioxidant activity was carried out through spectrophotometric methods. Proximate analysis revealed low moisture content, higher protein, carbohydrate and nutritive values. Qualitative phytochemical analysis revealed presence of phenolics, tannins, flavonoids, terpenoids and saponins while absence of alkaloids. Higher TPC was found in Crude methanolic extract (79.96±0.32 mg GAE /g) followed by ethyl acetate fraction (59.62±1.00 mg GAE /g) and lowest TPC was found in n-Hexane fraction (24.97±0.67 mg GAE/g) at p<0.05. Higher TFC was found in Crude methanolic extract (63.88±0.40 mg QE/g) followed by ethyl acetate fraction (55.49±1.22 mg QE /g) and lowest TFC was found in n-Hexane fraction (6.01±0.66mg QE /g) at p<0.05. Ethyl acetate fraction showed higher DPPH EC50 value (324.81μg/ml) while n-hexane fraction showed lowest EC50 value (2981μg/ml) at p<0.05. The mean EC50 value of ascorbic acid at p<0.05 was 10. 86μg/ml. As DPPH EC50 value, total phenolic content and total flavonoid content in the leaves of C. eriocarpa is considerably high therefore this plant could be a source of bioactive compounds. This study will be a benchmark for detailed evaluation of therapeutic potential of Celtis eriocarpa.
1 Text Mining and CyberCrime April

This chapter describes the state of technology for studying Internet crimes against children, specifically sexual predation and cyberbullying. We begin b y presenting a survey of relevant research articles that are related to the study of cybercrim e. This survey includes a discussion of our work on the classification of chat logs that contain bul lying or predatory behavior. Many commercial enterprises have developed parental contr ol software to monitor these behaviors, and the latest version of some of these tools prov ides features that profess to protect children against predators and bullies. The chapte r concludes with a discussion of these products and offers suggestions for continued resear ch in this interesting and timely sub-field of text mining.
Maria Salmela – ACTIVATION INDEPENDENT FUNCTIONS OF COLLAGEN RECEPTOR INTEGRINS α1β1 AND α2β1

Cell adhesion to extracellular matrix (ECM) molecules, such as collagen, is mediated by the integrin family of cell surface receptors. Integrins are also exploited by several viruses during cell entry. Integrins literally integrate the ECM to the cytoskeleton by binding ECM ligands with their large head domain, and by connecting to the cytoskeleton through various focal adhesion proteins that bind integrin tails. Integrin tails recruit over 200 focal adhesion proteins to mediate cellular signaling events to control adhesion dependent cell growth and cell movement. Aberrant integrin signaling can lead to uncontrolled cell growth, which in turn can induce cancer and metastases. The affinity of integrins to their ligands, as well as interactions between integrin tails and focal adhesion proteins, are controlled by integrin activity and clustering. Integrins undergo conformational activation from a bent to primed/extended and finally to a fully active conformation. Integrin priming facilitates ligand binding, and ligand interactions further induce full activation through the separation of integrin legs, promoting protein recruitment to focal adhesions and integrin clustering. The bent integrin conformation has been considered nonfunctional, since the ligand binding domain faces the cell membrane and ligand interactions are thus mostly prevented. However, in this thesis work echovirus 1 was shown to interact specifically with the bent conformation of 21-integrins (I). Furthermore, it was shown that under flow conditions platelet 21-integrins can bind to collagen without receptor priming (III). The recruitment of focal adhesion proteins and the initiation of integrin signaling have been thought to require integrin conformational activation. Here, using echovirus 1 as a model system, I demonstrate that clustered 21-integrins can mediate Focal Adhesion Kinase signaling without conformational activation of the integrin (II). Integrins are controlled not only by regulating their conformational activity and clustering but also by influencing their expression levels and the pool on the cell surface. A fourth level of regulation occurs at focal adhesions where integrins are connected to the cytoskeleton. In my thesis I show that during cell spreading the reduced recruitment of the cytoskeleton protein vimentin to focal adhesions induces the formation of lamellipodia independently of 11-integrin conformational activation (IV). I also show that 1-integrin-mediated cell adhesion can be prevented without affecting the activity or surface expression of the integrin (V). In conclusion, this thesis emphasizes the importance of the nonactivated integrin conformation in regulating cell adhesion, and demonstrates that integrin mediated functions are regulated at several levels.
Magnetic Nanocrystals in Organisms FUNCTIONS OF MAGNETIC MINERALS IN ORGANISMS

Magnetic crystals in a living organism were first reported almost fifty years ago by Heinz Lowenstam, who described a coating of magnetite on the radula of the chiton, a rockclinging marine mollusk (Lowenstam 1962). In the preceding years, Salvatore Bellini, working at the University of Pavia, had observed that the movement of certain bacteria was guided by an external magnetic field. However, his observations were not published in an international journal, and magnetotactic bacteria were first described in a landmark paper by Blakemore (1975), who observed intracellular iron-rich inclusions that were later identified as magnetite (Frankel et al. 1979). Although many organisms are known to contain ferrimagnetic nanoparticles or to navigate using the geomagnetic field (TABLE 1), in many cases the relationship between the presence of the magnetic particles and navigation is still uncertain. Indeed, one way in which magnetic particles in organisms are classified is according to whether they are thought to harden or protect their living host, to serve as navigational aids, or to have unknown functions.
Irisin protects the substantia nigra dopaminergic neurons in the rat model of Parkinson’s disease

Objective(s): Exercise ameliorates the quality of life and reduces the risk of neurological derangements such as Alzheimer’s (AD) and Parkinson’s disease (PD). Irisin is a product of the physical activity and is a circulating hormone that regulates the energy metabolism in the body. In the nervous system, Irisin influences neurogenesis and neural differentiation in mice. We previously demonstrated that co-treatment of bone marrow stem cells (BMSCs) with a neurotrophic factor reduce Parkinson’s symptoms. Our goal in this project was to evaluate whether Irisin with BMSCs can protect the dopaminergic (DA) neurons in PD. Materials and Methods: 35 adult male Wistar rat weighing (200-250 g) were chosen. They were separated into five experimental groups (n=7). To create a Parkinson’s model, intranasal (IN) administration of the MPTP (1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine) was used. The BMSCs (2×106) and Irisin (50 nm/ml) was used for 7 days for treatment after creation of the PD model. After completion of the tests (4 weeks), their brains were used for the TUNEL and immunohistochemical (IHC) assays. Results: One of the important results of this study was that the Irisin induce BMSCs transport into the injured area of the brain. Co-treatment of the Irisin with BMSCs increased tyrosine hydroxylase-positive neurons (TH+) in substantia nigra (SN) and striatum of the PD mice brain. In this group, the number of TUNEL-positive cells significantly decreased. Behavioral symptoms were better in the combination group and Irisin simultaneously. Conclusion: Co- treatment of Irisin with BMSCs protects the DA neurons from degeneration and apoptotic process after MPTP injection.
Role of gap junctions in acute ischaemia-induced arrhythmias and in the antiarrhythmic effect of ischaemic preconditioning

s 1. Abstracts of oral presentations Carbenoxolone, a gap junction uncoupler, reduces the antiarrhythmic effect of preconditioning. R Papp, M Gönczi, JR Parratt, Á Végh. International Society for Heart Research (ISHR) European Section Meeting, 2005. Carbenoxolone, a gap junction uncoupler, mimics the antiarrhythmic effects of ischaemic preconditioning. R Papp, M Gönczi, Á Végh. World Congress of Cardiology, Barcelona, 2006. A réskapcsolatok szerepe a prekondicionálás antiaritmiás hatásának kiváltásában. Papp R, Gönczi M, Kovács M, Seprényi Gy, Végh Á. Magyar Kardiológus Társaság Kongresszusa, 2007. A rotigaptide védelmet biztosít az akut iszkémia okozta kamrai aritmiákkal szemben altatott kutyában. Papp R, Gönczi M, Végh Á. Magyar Kardiológus Társaság Kongresszusa, 2008.
Deep Convolutional Neural Network with Transfer Learning for Automatic Velocity Analysis

We propose using a Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) to perform velocity analysis automatically. We interpret velocity analysis as an image classification problem where we generate a training dataset by modeling synthetic data. After the training process, we test the trained model with another synthetic dataset that was not part of training. In general, the CNN model can predict a reasonable velocity model from unseen input data. However, if the new input data is significantly different from the one used for training, the model will hardly pick the correct velocity. In this case, we use transfer learning to the update the CNN base model with a small portion of the target data. We exemplify our algorithm with a marine dataset from the Gulf of Mexico.
Short-Term Electrical Load Forecasting Using Support Vector Machines

For the purpose of short-term forecasting the paper uses one of the latest artificial intelligence methods – Support Vector Machines (SVM). Verification of the use of the model developed was carried out on the example of a section of the actual medium-voltage distribution network of the Novi Sad Power Company. The point of consideration was the impact that the weather factors and the number of previous days with their registered hourly consumption used as training data source have on the quality of short-term forecast results. Verification of the results was conducted by comparing the measured and forecast values which were based on three models: classical auto-regression, neural network and SVM. It was noted that SVM gave comparatively better results in short-term forecasting than neural network and better results than auto-regression models. Key-Words: Support Vector Machines, time series forecasting, electric energy consumption
First Stage Cooperative Network Coding for Wireless Sensor Network

Network Coding (NC) and cooperation network are two well-joint technologies, as NC tents to combine data for different transmitters, so, each transmitter help in transmitting other nodes in the network, which is what cooperative technique does so, i. , e. , Cooperative NC (CoNC) is defined as combining different users' data in a way that users help each others to transmit and receive their data.The proposed work is applying CoNC in the first stage in a deterministic manor to gain some benefits from this useful technique. Applying CoNC over the first stage requires sending the packets in two halves rather than one full half where CoNC is applied in the second half. The proposed CoNC protocol is applied over Wireless Sensor Network (WSN), resulting to better bandwidth and less power consumption with better Packet Error Probability for the proposed WSN. The proposed scenario is for N nodes of WSN cluster that exchange data over an erasure channel.The proposed protocol provides the ability for the network to lose one packet between each couple of users (N packets over the whole network) in the first stage, resulting to decrease the Automatic Request significantly in the first stage.
Distribution of Chlorophyll a in Lagoon of Butrint waters comparing with environment factors ( Albania )

Chlorophyll a concentrations are routinely measured to estimate the standing stock and productivity of phytoplankton in freshwater and marine ecosystems. The aim of this study is to assess distribution of Chlorophyll a in Lagoon of Butrint. The Lagoon of Butrint is located in the southern part of Albania. This is the only lagoon that is connected with Jon Sea. The presence of Chlorophyll a in lagoon waters were discussed in the terms of the variable environmental factors included: depth, temperature, salinity, pH, dissolved oxygen, nitrites (NO2), phosphates (PO4). The geographical coordinates measured in the study station is: latitude 20o 12’ and longitude 39o 47’. The period of sample-taking was October, January, April, June 2010-2011. The Chlorophyll a was studied also to access the level of trophy in Butrint Lagoon. Determination of chlorophyll a is made with fluorometry method. The blooms of phytoplankton are noticed in spring and autumn. The trophic level of lake is oligotrophic. Temperature, pH and nitrite have a significant correlation with Chlorophyll a. Analyzing some hydrochemical indicators of Butrint Lake in 2004 and 2011, especially in the peak months as April, there are noticed some phenomenon that express the tendency to distortion of some environment factors. Bistrica River deviation is not functioning properly and therefore there have been increased temperatures in 2011 compared to 2004. By comparison of the data, we notice a significant increase in chlorophyll a from 2004 to 2011, resulting in the tendency crossing these waters in mesotrophic level.