Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Potencial terapéutico de las células madre derivadas de la médula ósea en el infarto cerebral

Introduccion. Las celulas madre constituyen una alternativa terapeutica que se encuentra en fase de experimentacion para el infarto cerebral. Objetivo. Mostrar la evidencia cientifica existente sobre el potencial terapeutico de las celulas madre de la medula osea en esta enfermedad. Desarrollo. El infarto cerebral representa el 80% de las enfermedades cerebrovasculares. La trombolisis constituye la unica terapia aprobada, pero, por su estrecha ventana terapeutica, solo se aplica a un bajo porcentaje de los pacientes. De manera alternativa, los tratamientos neurorrestauradores, como el de celulas madre, pueden aplicarse en periodos mas prolongados. Por esta razon se efectuo una busqueda bibliografica en PubMed con el empleo de las palabras clave ‘stem cells’, ‘bone marrow derived mononuclear cells’ y ‘stroke’. Se encontraron evidencias de seguridad y eficacia de dichas celulas en diferentes momentos evolutivos del infarto cerebral. Se identificaron estudios que en clinica y preclinica las recolectaron por puncion medular y en sangre periferica, y las trasplantaron directamente en el area infartada o por via intravascular. El efecto terapeutico se relaciona con sus propiedades de plasticidad celular y liberacion de factores troficos. Conclusiones. El concentrado de celulas mononucleares autologas, obtenido en sangre periferica o por puncion de la medula osea, y trasplantado por via intravenosa, es una factible opcion metodologica que permitira rapidamente incrementar el numero de ensayos clinicos en diferentes etapas evolutivas del infarto cerebral. Esta terapia muestra seguridad y eficacia; sin embargo, deben ampliarse las evidencias que avalen su generalizacion en humanos.
Squamous cell carcinoma in discoid lupus erythematosus with mutilating changes

ABSTRACT: Squamous cell carcinoma arising from a chronic Discold lupus Erythematosus lesion is rare now-a-days due to easy availability of steroids, protective sun screens, antimalarials drugs and growing consciousness of patient 1-5. D.L. E. producing atrophy and scarring was early documented but mutilation and destruction of any parts of the body was never reported. A case of squamous cell carcinomas developed in a plaque of chronic DLE in the right forearm with mutilating changes in the ear and nose in an elderly black patient is reported.
Radiation shielding investigations for selected tellurite-based glasses belonging to the TNW system

In this paper, we have investigated the properties of tellurite-based glass system in the form (100 -x -y)TeO2–xNbO2.5-yWO3, x = 5, 10, 15, 20, 25 mol% and y = 5 mol% for gamma and neutron shielding applications and to achieve that, mass attenuation coefficients (μm) for the selected glasses have been investigated using Geant4 toolkit and XCOM program, respectively, in the energy range between 1 keV and 10 MeV. A good agreement was observed between μm values simulated by Geant4 and those evaluated by XCOM. The obtained μm values were then utilized to derive effective atomic numbers (Zeff), mean free path (MFP), and half value layer (HVL) for the selected glasses. In addition, we used Geometric Progression method (G-P) to evaluate exposure buildup factor (EBF) values in the range of 0.015 MeV–15 MeV up to penetration depths of 40 mfp (mean free path). Among these glasses, the glass coded as TN05W05 is a superior shielding material against gamma-rays as compared with different traditional concretes, commercial glass, and HMO glasses. In addation, the fast neutron removal cross sections were calculated for the glasses involved. It is found that the present glasses offer an excellent ability for protecting against fast neutrons. Present investigation on shielding properties of the selected tellurite-based glasses would be useful for radiation protection application.
IN-VIVO QUALITY ASSESSMENT OF Dambu-nama TREATED WITH SOME HURDLES

------------------------------------------------------ABSTRACT---------------------------------------------------A study was conducted to assess the protein quality of beef based Dambu-nama “A shredded dried Nigeria meat product” by IN-VIVO studies using Swiss Strain Albino rats. Four hurdles were used in the preparation of three samples namely; Citric acid at 0.1 (B), 0.2 (D) and 0.3 (G) % levels of concentration, Salt at 2.0%, Sugar at 4.0% and All spices (ginger, garlic, onions, hot pepper, sweet pepper and magi cube) was added at 2.0% and 4.0% respectively and a control (AB) which was not treated with any hurdles. Result showed that the proximate composition of the test diets B, D, G, AB, BD and CD (Casein diet) , varied significantly at (P≤0.05). All diets recorded positive weight gain except BD (Basal diet) that was negative. The Protein Efficiency Ratio (PER), Protein Utilization (PU), Net Protein Ratio (NPR) and Apparent digestibility (AD) values varied significantly (P≤0.05) in all diets. Faecal nitrogen, liver nitrogen and carcasses nitrogen also varied significantly in all at P≤0.05. Rats fed basal diet (BD) recorded a negative PER (-2.26) while those fed on 0.3% citric acid (G) have a value of 2.32and those fed on 0.2% 0.1% citric acid (D and B) have a PER value of 2.34 and 2.40 respectively and the control (AB) which was untreated have a lower PER value of 2.18. This implies that the use of citric acid significantly increase the protein quality of dambu-nama and may as well increase the shelf-stability due to the reduction of the activity of micro-organisms.
A Novel Amorphous Selenium Avalanche Detector Structure for Low Dose Medical X-Ray Imaging

A novel amorphous selenium (a-Se) avalanche detector structure for low dose direct-conversion flat-panel X-ray detector is proposed. The proposed structure contains blocking layers to reduce carrier injection from metal electrodes and hole trapping layer to separate X-ray absorption layer from avalanche gain region. The feasibility of the structure for avalanche gain with negligible avalanche noise is studied by using the semiconductor module of COMSOL multiphysics together with a cascaded linear system. The model considers carrier injection from electrodes and charge carrier transport through various layers of multilayer a-Se structure in order to analyze the transient and steady-state electric field distribution across the detector. A cascaded linear system model that includes reabsorption of <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">${K}$ </tex-math></inline-formula>-fluorescent X-rays, carrier trapping in bulk and trapping layer, and avalanche multiplication of charge carrier is used to calculate the frequency-dependent detective quantum efficiency [DQE(<inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">${f}$ </tex-math></inline-formula>)] and modulation transfer function (MTF) of the proposed structure. The avalanche gain enhances the signal strength and improves the DQE(<inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">${f}$ </tex-math></inline-formula>) by overcoming the effect of electronic noise at low X-ray doses. The structure is applied for breast tomosynthesis and observed that the proposed structure offers the required avalanche gain to ensure quantum noise limited operation at reduced exposures.
Molecular and bioinformatics approaches to redefine our understanding of ureaplasmas: Moving beyond serovars

Title of Document: MOLECULAR AND BIOINFORMATICS APPROACHES TO REDEFINE OUR UNDERSTANDING OF UREAPLASMAS: MOVING BEYOND SEROVARS Vanya Paralanov, Doctor of Philosophy, 2014 Directed By: Prof. Jonathan Dinman, Cell Biology and Molecular Genetics, University of Maryland College Park Prof. John I. Glass, Synthetic Biology, J. Craig Venter Institute Ureaplasma parvum and Ureaplasma urealyticum are sexually transmitted, opportunistic pathogens of the human urogenital tract. There are 14 known serovars of the two species. For decades, it has been postulated that virulence is related to serotype specificity. Understanding of the role of ureaplasmas in human diseases has been thwarted due to two major barriers: (1) lack of suitable diagnostic tests and (2) lack of genetic manipulation tools for the creation of mutants to study the role of potential pathogenicity factors. To address the first barrier we developed real-time quantitative PCRs (RT-qPCR) for the reliable differentiation of the two species and 14 serovars. We typed 1,061 ureaplasma clinical isolates and observed about 40% of isolates to be genetic mosaics, arising from the recombination of multiple serovars. Furthermore, comparative genome analysis of the 14 serovars and 5 clinical isolates showed that the mba gene, used for serotyping ureaplasmas was part of a large, phase variable gene system, and some serovars shown to express different MBA proteins also encode mba genes associated with other serovars. Together these data suggests that differential pathogenicity and clinical outcome of an ureaplasmal infection is most likely due to the presence or absence of potential pathogenicity factors in individual ureaplasma clinical isolates and/or patient to patient differences in terms of autoimmunity and microbiome. To address the second barrier we are adapting the traditional molecular biology and novel synthetic biology tools to Ureaplasma, such as creation of oriC plasmids, use of transposons, and most prominently the engineering bacterial genomes cloned as yeast centromeric plasmids followed by genome transplantation to make ureaplasma mutants programmed by the genomes manipulated in yeast. This will allow for the creation of targeted single or multiple mutants that will greatly increase the understanding of ureaplasma pathogenicity. Efforts to transplant the genomes of bacteria, outside the mycoides group have been thwarted due to recombination between the donor and recipient cell genomes. We are exploring the use of the DNA cross-linking drug, Mitomycin C, to inactivate the recipient cell genomes and thus prevent false positive transplantation results and potentially increase the genome transplantation efficiency.
HPV Infection and Distribution of HPV Genotypes on Patients with Condyloma Acuminatum

Objective To determine the incidence of infection with HPV and the distribution of HPV genotypes on patients with Condyloma acuminatum. Methods Twenty-three different HPV types were detected by PCR and reverse dot blot (RDB) hybridization over all 6 508 samples of vulva and cervix uteri in patients with condyloma acuminatum. Including 18 types were high-risk (HR)-HPV (16, 18, 31, 33, 35, 39, 45, 51, 52, 53, 56, 58, 59, 66, 68, 73, 83 and MM4), and 5 types were low-risk (LR)-HPV (6, 11, 42, 43 and 44). Results Among 6 508 cases, there were 3 288 cases with HPV infection and the incidence rate was 50.52%. The positive HPV patients overlap all 23 genotypes detected. There were 2 038 cases infected with a single HPV type and 1 250 cases infected with multiple HPV types. The constituent ratios in positive cases were 61.98% and 38.02%, respectively. There were 1 453 cases only with LR-HPV types infection, 945 cases only with HR-HPV types and 890 cases both with LR-HPV and HR-HPV infection, and the constituent ratios were 44.19%, 28.74% and 27.07%. There were 4 843 times positive HPV infection, including HR-HPV 2 361 times and LR-HPV 2 482 times. The common HR-HPV genotypes were 16, 52, 58, 56, 18, 66 and 33, and the incidence ratios were 6.31%, 5.06%, 4.04%, 2.60%, 2.41%, 2.40% and 2.28%. And the common LR-HPV genotypes were 6, 11 and 43, and the incidence ratios were 16.98%,11.09% and 6.75%, respectively. Overlap 23 types, the most common genotypes were HPV6 and HPV11, the incidence rates were higher than others (P Conclusion HPV infection, especially with HR-HPV genotypes infect genital tract, which caused Condyloma acuminatum and cervical lesions, or cervical cancer. The detection of HPV genotypes was very important to prevent, diagnose early and therapy for cervical lesions or cervical cancer.
DiYARBAKIR'DA SAGLlK KURULU~LARINA BA~VURAN Ki~iLERiN OBEZiTE VE LipiD PARAMETRELERi A~ISINDAN DEGERLENDiRiLMEsi

Obezite giiniimiizde onemli bir halk sa{jll{jl sorunudur. Obezite ile hipertansiyon, hiperlipidemi, diabetes mellitus ve ateroskleroz gibi olaylar yakm ili~kigostermektedir. Bu konuyu de{jerlendirmek amaelyla 344'ii bayan, 256'sl erkek toplam 600 ki~i 9aly~ma kapsamyna almdl. BKI25-29.9 kglm2 olanlar % 42,30 35 kglm2 % 13, 35 40 kg/m2 % 2 ve 4O'm iizeri % 0.13 oranmda bulundu. BKI, kan basmel, total kolesterol ve a9ltk kan ~ekeri a91smdan kadmlarla erkekler arasmda fark bulunamadl. Denekler BKl'lerine gore ayrtldl{jmda (grup I BKI>-,25kglm2, grup 11BKI < 25 kg/m2) Grup /'deki ki~ilerin total ko/esterol, a911kkan ~ekerleri ve kan basm9'armm (hem sistolik hem diastolik) Grup I/'deki ki~ilerden anlamll olarak yiiksek oldu{ju anla~Ilm/~t" (8"aslyla P<0.001 P
2D stiffness mapping for localizing osteoarthritic degenerated cartilage by using a fast indentation system based on fiber Bragg gratings

A fast indentation system for 2D stiffness mapping of cartilage is presented. The goal of this technique, which has the potential to be deployed endoscopically, is to localize and to distinguish between regions of healthy and degenerated cartilage. In the system presented here, forces are measured by a fiber Bragg grating (FBG), which is located at the end of a fiber optic indenter probe. This approach enables small indenter dimensions, which are advantageous for endoscopic use. Differences between the stiffness parameters measured on healthy cartilage and on the same sample after artificial degeneration are observed. It is shown that the fast indentation system has the capability to distinguish healthy bovine cartilage from artificially degenerated one. The evaluation of this capability will make the conclusions of the work.
Cuantificación de vulnerabilidad y riesgo: las inundaciones en Motozintla de Mendoza, Chiapas, México

El objetivo fundamental de esta investigación fue desarrollar una metodología para cuantificar la vulnerabilidad social global. En este estudio la metodología es aplicada para determinar el riesgo por inundación que registra Motozintla. Sin embargo, dicha metodología puede ser replicada en otras comunidades del país y ante otros peligros naturales.La metodología consistió en (a) realizar la actualización cartográfica del lugar, (b) establecer la muestra mínima de viviendas a caracterizar y seleccionarlas con un método aleatorio simple, (c) determinar las variables fundamentales para la identificación de la vulnerabilidad por grupos (estructural, socio-económica, organizacional, por percepción de riesgo) y global (todas las anteriores por nivel de incidencia ponderado), (d) aplicar el método de interpolación de Distancia Inversa Ponderada (IDW, por sus siglas en inglés) para identificar áreas y niveles de vulnerabilidad y riesgo, y (e) presentar los resultados cartográficamente en mapas generados por un Sistema de Información Geográfica (SIG) para su análisis espacial.
Outbreak of foot and mouth disease at Howrah District, West Bengal.

Foot and Mouth disease (FMD) is an extremely contagious, acute viral disease of all cloven footed animal and rarely fatal except in very young stage (Radostits,1994). FMD is widely prevalent in the country and different strains have been identified as type 'O'(81.89%), Asia-1 (12.4%), 'A'(3.30%) and 'C'(2.4%) among all the states of the country (NDDB,1994). The present communication records a severe outbreak of FMD during the month of June 2003 to September 2003 at unorganized sector of Amta-1,Amta-II,Udaynarayanpur and adjacent blocks of Howrah district of West Bengal. The disease became fatal among adult cattle beside the death of thousands of young calves and goats. MATERIALS AND METHODS : From different parts of the affected area 32 nos. of specimen were collected aseptically as per standard procedure in 50% phosphate buffer glycerol solution(PBG) for viral isolation and typing. The specimen comprised of vesicular fluid and vesicular epithelium from tongue and foot lesions. The specimen collected and sent to the Institute of Animal Health and Veterinary Biological, Govt. of West Bengal, Kolkata-37 under ice pack. 22 numbers of blood smear (12 thick and 12 thin ) were collected from peripheral veins of the affected cattle and also sent to the same laboratory for bacteriological and protozoal investigation. Furthermore, impression smear of heart, lung, liver, spleen and kidney prepared during post mortem examination were also sent to the same laboratory for further investigation. Tissue materials from heart ,lung ,liver, spleen and kidney were also collected in 10% formalin solution and sent to the above laboratory for histopathological examination. Complete post mortem examination of 16 dead cattle (10 adult and 6 calves) was carried out during collection of tissue materials. RESULT AND DISCUSSION: EPIDEMIOLOGY: The first incidence of the outbreak reported at Amta-I block and epidemiological investigation pointed out that the disease spread from a pair of bullock purchased from cattle market of neighboring Hoogly district , West Bengal. During the outbreak a total of around 12000 of cattle and 2000 of goats were affected. Total death as reported were 1886 in out of which 214 were adult cattle(11.34%), 1165 were calves (61.77%)and 507 were goats(26.88) . Calves below five months of age and kids were mostly died. Most of the cattle (>80%) in the affected area were unvaccinated against FMD as there was no report of previous outbreak of the disease for last 5years or more . During the period of outbreak the environmental condition was hot and humid and rainfall was below 50% of the average rainfall compared to the OUTBREAK OF FOOT AND MOUTH DISEASE AT HOWRAH DISTRICT, WEST BENGAL
The consequences of iron deficiency and anaemia in pregnancy on maternal health, the foetus and the infant.

: An estimated 2150 million people are iron deficient, with deficiency severe enough to cause anemia in 1200 million people globally. Widespread particularly among tropical low-income populations, anemia has serious health and functional consequences. Due to their increased iron demands of menstruation and pregnancy, women of fertile age and pregnant-lactating women are especially affected by anemia and iron deficiency. Approximately 47% of non-pregnant women and 60% of pregnant women worldwide have anemia, while those who are iron deficient without anemia may comprise 60% and 90%, respectively. The anemic pregnant woman is at greater risk of death during the perinatal period. Iron deficiency also affects performance during pregnancy and delivery, lactation performance, working capacity and general well-being, and immunity status. Infants are adversely affected in terms of health, development, hematological status, and iron nutrition. Most anemia is, however, the result of severe iron deficiency, and therefore open to prevention and treatment interventions with a very high benefit/cost ratio. Accordingly, world authorities have agreed that anemia in pregnant women must be reduced by one-third by the year 2000. The author recommends expanding the target for iron supplementation to all women of fertile age who might become pregnant, the adoption of a preventive instead of therapeutic approach to iron deficiency, and the exploration of new supplementation programs.
Development of a theory and evidence informed intervention to promote smoking cessation during pregnancy using narrative, text-messages and images as modes of delivery

Background: Cigarette smoking is a leading preventable factor associated with complications in pregnancy including preterm birth and low birthweight. Past interventions have raised cessation rates by approximately 6% overall (Lumley et al. 2009). Methods: A three-part literature review, two qualitative studies with a total of 36 participants, and the development of an intervention to promote smoking cessation during pregnancy were completed. Central to the design of the research was the creation of the theoretical basis which was developed in line with recommendations from the MRC Framework for Complex Interventions (Craig et al. 2008, Campbell et al. 2000). For part one of the literature review, 24 qualitative and 44 quantitative studies were reanalysed to complete a mixed-methods secondary analysis of the active ingredients in interventions to promote smoking cessation during pregnancy. Part two consisted of an exploration of psychological models and constructs which are likely to predict or influence smoking behaviour during pregnancy. The final part was a discussion regarding the modes of delivery by which an intervention could feasibly be delivered. Qualitative interviews were carried out with participants from stakeholder groups to fill in gaps in literature and determine the acceptability and feasibility of the proposed intervention. The intervention was created using the theoretical basis developed from the findings. Further qualitative interviews, a focus group, and heuristic evaluation were used to determine the acceptability and usability of the intervention for the target group of pregnant smokers. Results and Conclusions: Findings from this work are potentially relevant for a wide range of behaviours and behavioural interventions. An intervention which has a strong grounding in theory and evidence, and is acceptable and feasible for the target group and in clinical practice was developed using evidence gathered in this thesis.
Evaluation of MPC-based Imitation Learning for Human-like Autonomous Driving

This work evaluates and analyzes the combination of imitation learning (IL) and differentiable model predictive control (MPC) for the application of human-like autonomous driving. We combine MPC with a hierarchical learning-based policy, and measure its performance in open-loop and closed-loop with metrics related to safety, comfort and similarity to human driving characteristics. We also demonstrate the value of augmenting open-loop behavioral cloning with closed-loop training for a more robust learning, approximating the policy gradient through time with the state space model used by the MPC. We perform experimental evaluations on a lane keeping control system, learned from demonstrations collected on a fixed-base driving simulator, and show that our imitative policies approach the human driving style preferences.
Quantifying impact on safety from cyber-attacks on cyber-physical systems

We propose a novel framework for modelling attack scenarios in cyber-physical control systems: we represent a cyber-physical system as a constrained switching system, where a single model embeds the dynamics of the physical process, the attack patterns, and the attack detection schemes. We show that this is compatible with established results in the analysis of hybrid automata, and, specifically, constrained switching systems. Moreover, we use the developed models to compute the impact of cyber attacks on the safety properties of the system. In particular, we characterise system safety as an asymptotic property, by calculating the maximal safe set. The resulting new impact metrics intuitively quantify the degradation of safety under attack. We showcase our results via illustrative examples.