Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Image Fraud Identification Using IlluminantAnalysis

Digital Images plays a vital role in every one’s life in this modern world, where people easily fixes with the advertisement, magazines, blogs, website, television and more. When the digital images took their role, happening of crimes and escaping from the crimes happened becomes easier. To be with lawful, No one should be punished for not commencing a crime, to help them this application can be used. The identification using color edge method will give a exact detection of the crime and the forgeries that has been done in the digital image. In Existing method, they have analyzed one of the most common forms of photographic manipulation, known as image composition or splicing. The approach is machine-learning- based and requires minimal user interaction and this technique is applicable to images containing two or more people and requires no expert interaction for the tampering decision. The obtained result by the classification performance using an SVM (Super Vector Machine) meta-fusion classifier and It yields detection rates of 86% on a new benchmark dataset consisting of 200 images, and 83% on 50 images that were collected from the Internet. The further improvements can be achieved when more advanced illuminant color estimators become available. Bianco and Schettini has proposed a machine-learning based illuminant estimator particularly for faces which would help us in this for more accurate prediction. Effective skin detection methods have been developed in the computer vision literature and this method also helps us, in detecting pornography compositions which, according to forensic practitioners, have become increasingly common nowadays
Local Market Consolidation and Bank Productive Efficiency

The recent banking literature has evaluated the impact of mergers on the efficiency of the merging parties [e.g., Rhoades (1993), Shaffer (1993), Fixler and Zieschang (1993)]. Similarly, there has been analysis of the impact of eliminating bank entry restrictions on the average performance of banks [Jayaratne and Strahan (1998)]. The evidence suggests that acquiring banks are typically more efficient than are acquired banks, resulting in the potential for the new combined organization to be more efficient and, therefore, for the merger to be welfare enhancing. The evidence also suggests, however, that these potential gains are often not realized. This has led some to question the benefits resulting from the recent increase in bank merger activity. We take a somewhat more comprehensive and micro-oriented approach and evaluate the impact of actual and potential competition resulting from market-entry mergers and reductions in entry barriers on bank efficiency. In particular, in addition to the efficiency gains realized by the parties involved in a bank merger, economic theory argues that additional efficiency gains should result from the impact of the merger on the degree of local market competition. We therefore examine the impact of increased competition resulting from mergers and acquisitions on the productive efficiency of incumbent banks. Our findings are consistent with economic theory: as competition increases as a result of entry or the creation of a more viable local competitor, the incumbent banks respond by increasing their level of cost efficiency. We find this efficiency increase to be in addition to any efficiency gains resulting from increases in potential competition occurring with the initial elimination of certain entry barriers. Thus, consistent with economic theory, new entrants and reductions in entry barriers lead incumbent firms to increase their productive efficiency to enable them to be viable in the more competitive environment. Studies evaluating the impact of bank mergers on the efficiency of the combining parties alone may be overlooking the most significant welfare enhancing aspect of merger activity. We do not find evidence of profit efficiency gains. In fact, the mergers are associated with decreases in profit efficiency; perhaps indicating that revenues may also be competed away from incumbents as a result of mergers.
FACTORS AFFECTING CLIENT INFLUENCE ON PROPERTY VALUATION IN MALAYSIA: DO CLIENT SIZE AND SIZE OF VALUE ADJUSTMENT MATTER?

Client influence on property valuation has been an emerging theme of behavioural research in the real estate discipline. Studies on valuers’ decision-making behaviour imply that client influence is an important source of judgemental bias. Academic interest in client influence research has evolved from identifying the existence of client pressure to studies that explain the mechanism of client influence. A questionnaire survey was administered to valuers to measure their perception with regard to factors affecting client influence in Malaysia. The effect of client size and size of value adjustment requested by clients on valuation were also tested in a behavioural experiment. The survey revealed that valuers in Malaysia perceived client characteristics and valuer characteristics as some of the most important factors affecting client influence on valuations. It was found that factors such as type of client, size of client, integrity of valuer and experience of valuer could potentially impact on the amount and type of influence exerted on valuations. The results of the logistic regression model indicated that neither the client size nor magnitude of value adjustment requested by client affected the decisions of valuers to alter valuation outcome.
What's new in total hip arthroplasty.

Total hip arthroplasty remains one of the most effective and safe orthopaedic reconstructive procedures. A major focus over the past year has been the controversies regarding the safety of metal-on-metal articulation couplings and the associated adverse tissue reactions. Another area of focus has been on the outcome measures and practice protocols developed with evidence-based criteria. We have also included selected citations from the most recent published and presented data on the clinical outcomes and treatment of complications following total hip arthroplasty.
Expression of tropomyosin alpha 4 chain is increased in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma as evidenced by proteomic profiling by two‐dimensional electrophoresis and liquid chromatography‐mass spectrometry/mass spectrometry

To identify proteins associated with esophageal carcinogenesis, we performed protein profiling of 16 esophageal squamous cell carcinomas (ESCCs) and paired noncancerous tissues by 2‐DE and MS/MS. In cancerous tissues, three spots showed significant up‐regulation in the amount of protein, while eight spots were significantly down‐regulated. The identities of the spots were determined by PMF with LC‐MS/MS and were confirmed by immunoblotting. The up‐regulated proteins were tropomyosin alpha 4 chain, transgelin, and pyruvate kinase. The down‐regulated proteins were serum albumin precursor, isoforms of annexin A1, tropomyosin beta chain, 14‐3‐3 protein sigma, and isoforms of serotransferrin precursor. In all 16 cases, up‐regulation of the tropomyosin alpha 4 chain was confirmed by immunoblotting. Localization of the tropomyosin alpha 4 chain in ESCC cells and adjacent fibroblasts was confirmed by immunohistochemistry.
Insurance of crops in developing countries

This publication is primarily concerned with risks to arable and horticultural crops, and the applicability of insurance to managing these risks. Its purpose is to provide an introductory overview of crop and forestry insurance. It begins by defining the boundaries for these types of insurance products in order to assist those interested in exploring and exploiting this financial mechanism. It then outlines how to proceed with planning for crop insurance within the established boundaries. While recognising that classic, damage-based and yield-based insurance products account for the bulk of all crop insurance written globally, the booklet also points out the dynamism of research and development into new insurance mechanisms. It presents two fairly new insurance products: the first based on insuring a level of crop revenue, and the second where insurable damage is determined on the basis of an index derived from data external to the insured farm. While some of the example material is taken from agriculture and forestry in developed countries, the basic target group of readers is expected to be those concerned with crop and forest risk management in developing parts of the world. This publication will be of interest to farmer unions, producer/commodity groups, processors, marketing firms and others contracting with farmer producers, officials of Ministries of Agriculture, Planning and Commerce, and bankers and insurers with farming and forestry clients.
GaN-Based MSM Photodetectors Prepared on Patterned Sapphire Substrates

GaN-based metal-semiconductor-metal ultraviolet photodetectors (PDs) prepared on a patterned sapphire substrate (PSS) and a conventional flat sapphire substrate were both fabricated and characterized. It was found that we can reduce dark leakage current and enhance by about two orders of magnitude by using a PSS. The internal gain of the PDs prepared on a PSS was also much smaller.
The N‐terminus promotes oligomerization of the Escherichia coli initiator protein DnaA

Initiation of chromosome replication in Escherichia coli is governed by the interaction of the initiator protein DnaA with the replication origin oriC. Here we present evidence that homo‐oligomerization of DnaA via its N‐terminus (amino acid residues 1–86) is also essential for initiation. Results from solid‐phase protein‐binding assays indicate that residues 1–86 (or 1–77) of DnaA are necessary and sufficient for self interaction. Using a ‘one‐hybrid‐system’ we found that the DnaA N‐terminus can functionally replace the dimerization domain of coliphage lambda cI repressor: a λcI‐DnaA chimeric protein inhibits λ plasmid replication as efficiently as λcI repressor. DnaA derivatives with deletions in the N‐terminus are incapable of supporting chromosome replication from oriC, and, conversely, overexpression of the DnaA N‐terminus inhibits initiation in vivo. Together, these results indicate that (i) oligomerization of DnaA N‐termini is essential for protein function during initiation, and (ii) oligomerization does not require intramolecular cross‐talk with the nucleotide‐binding domain III or the DNA‐binding domain IV. We propose that E. coli DnaA is composed of largely independent domains — or modules — each contributing a partial, though essential, function to the proper functioning of the ‘holoprotein’.
Market Reaction to Events Surrounding the Adoption of IFRS in Europe

This paper examines the European stock market reaction to key events predicted to affect the adoption of International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS) in Europe, including adoption of the controversial standard on financial instruments, IAS 39. This enables us to assess perceptions of equity investors regarding the relative costs and benefits of increased harmonization under IFRS, as well as the move towards greater use of fair value accounting under IAS 39. Overall, our analyses provide evidence that the European equity markets responded positively (negatively) to events that increased (decreased) the likelihood of adoption of IFRS. This is consistent with European equity investors perceiving that the benefits of harmonized accounting standards under IFRS would outweigh the costs of implementation and any reduced local accounting diversity. As predicted, additional analyses provide evidence that these responses were accentuated for firms not cross-listed in the U.S., suggesting investors perceived greater net benefits would accrue to this type of firm. Overall, our findings are consistent with European equity investors favoring harmonization under IFRS.
Whole body positron emission tomography in the treatment of Hodgkin disease

In Hodgkin disease (HD), accurate assessment of the extent of disease is essential because it provides the basis for different treatment strategies. In addition to conventional imaging methods (CIM), positron emission tomography with fluorine‐18‐fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG‐PET) may permit reliable differentiation between lymphoma and nonmalignant tissue and thus improve determination of the stage of the disease. The aim of the current study was to assess the clinical value of FDG‐PET for primary staging, treatment monitoring, and assessment in a suspected case of recurrent HD.
Wowen Fabric and Ultraviolet Protection

The increasing awareness of negative effects of ultraviolet radiation and regular, effective protection are actual themes in general public in many countries. In professional journals, daily papers and internet sides a lot of different subscriptions can be noticed, where dermatologists, meteorologist, biologist and other professionals warn us about UV radiation, ozone depletion and give us some recommendations for effective protection. The problem of UV radiation is interdisciplinary – it is also the subject of textile scientists. Behaviour outdoors can significantly affect exposure to solar UVR and use of items of personal protection can provide a substantial reduction in the UVR dose received. Clothing made from woven fabrics can provide convenient personal protection however not all fabrics offer sufficient UV protection. This chapter gives the short overview of the role of UV radiation on human health, protection against UV radiation with the emphasis on woven fabric construction and other factors influencing the UV protection properties of woven fabrics.
Auditor Reputation and Auditor Independence in an Emerging Market

The aim of this paper is to examine the impact of auditor reputation (i.e. size of audit firm) on auditor independence. Questionnaire and interview survey were employed to seek the perceptions of senior managers of Malaysian audit firms, banks and public listed companies. Consistent with prior studies, the results indicated that clear majority of the auditors, loan officers and senior managers of public listed companies agreed that auditors in Big Four firms are superior to their counterparts in non-Big Four firms in all of the reputation issues presented to them. The majority of respondents indicated that Big Four auditors are better able to resist management pressure in conflict situations, the Big Four auditors are more effective at detecting activities that will affect clients' company continuity, that Big Four auditors are more risk averse and thus more disinclined to be associated with public scandals and/or audit failures than non-Big Four auditors, the Big Four auditors are more risk averse with regard to litigation arising from fraud/misstatement/irregularities and finally, the majority of the respondents agreed that Big Four auditors are more independent than non-Big Four auditors. It may be that the Big Four auditors are likely to become the subject of interest to the public and regulators, especially when they are suspected to exhibit negative behaviour. Thus, Big Four auditors have more incentive to behave independently than the non-Big Four auditors. The results of the interview survey were found to confirm the questionnaire survey findings.
Chemotherapy for low-grade gliomas

Low-grade gliomas pose a difficult problem for the neuro-oncologist. More needs to be known about their natural history. In addition, the role and timing of radiotherapy and chemotherapy in the management of low-grade tumors is highly controversial. Most agree that physicians should recommend treatment in symptomatic cases or in instances of radiologic tumor progression. This review discusses some of the recent advances with respect to chemotherapy for low-grade gliomas, with a special emphasis on low-grade astrocytomas and oligodendrogliomas.
Avoiding and Treating Dermal Filler Complications

Summary: All fillers are associated with the risk of both early and late complications. Early side effects such as swelling, redness, and bruising occur after intradermal or subdermal injections. The patient has to be aware of and accept these risks. Adverse events that last longer than 2 weeks can be attributable to technical shortcomings (e.g., too superficial an implantation of a long-lasting filler substance). Such adverse events can be treated with intradermal 5-fluorouracil, steroid injections, vascular lasers, or intense pulsed light, and later with dermabrasion or shaving. Late adverse events also include immunologic phenomena such as late-onset allergy and nonallergic foreign body granuloma. Both react well to intralesional steroid injections, which often have to be repeated to establish the right dose. Surgical excisions shall remain the last option and are indicated for hard lumps in the lips and visible hard nodules or hard granuloma in the subcutaneous fat.
Radioimmunotherapy against the tumor vasculature: A new target?

The lack of clinical success of antibody-targeted radionuclide therapy in advanced solid tumors has unfortunately created a level of uncertainty for the future of radioimmunotherapy (RAIT) in the more prevalent types of cancer. However, the success of RAIT in non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma (NHL) and other hematopoietic neoplasms (1) certainly should instill more confidence that RAIT can be an effective therapeutic modality with relatively little toxicity when compared with standard chemotherapy regimens. Also, the treatment requires about 1 wk for
Study of clinical features of amyloid angiopathy hemorrhage and hypertensive intracerebral hemorrhage

Objective: The purpose of this study was to differentiate between cerebral amyloid angiopathy (CAA) and hypertension (HTN) based on hemorrhage pattern interpretation. Methods: From June 1994 to Oct., 2000, 83 patients admitted to our service with acute intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) were investigated retrospectively; 41 patients with histologically proven diagnosis of cerebral amyloid angiography and 42 patients with clear history of hypertension were investigated. Results: Patients with a CAA-related ICH were significantly older than patients with a HTN-related ICH (74.0 years vs 66.5 years, P<0.05). There was a significantly higher number of hematomas≥30 ml in CAA (85.3%) when compared with HTN (59.5%). No basal ganglional hemorrhage was seen in CAA, but in 40.5% in HTN. In CAA-related ICH, subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) was seen in 26 patients (63.4%) compared to only 11 patients (26.2%) in HTN-related ICH. Intraventricular hemorrhage was seen in 24.4% in CAA, and in 26.2% in HTN. Typical features of CAA-related ICH included lobar distribution affecting mainly the lobar superficial areas, lobulated appearance, rupture into the subarachnoid space, and secondary IVH from the lobar hemorrhage. More specifically, multiplicity of hemorrhage, bilaterality, and repeated episodes also strongly suggest the diagnosis of CAA. Multiple hemorrhages, defined as 2 or more separate hematomas in multiple lobes, accounted for 17.1% in CAA-related ICH. Conclusion: There are certain features in CAA on CT and MRI and in clinical settings. To some extent, these features may contribute to distinguishing CAA from HTN related ICH.
Percutaneous Bone Tumor Management

Interventional radiology plays a major role in the management of bone tumors. Many different percutaneous techniques are available. Some aim to treat pain and consolidate a pathological bone (cementoplasty); others aim to ablate tumor or reduce its volume (sclerotherapy, thermal ablation). In this article, image-guided techniques of primary and secondary bone tumors with vertebroplasty, ethanol injection, radiofrequency ablation, laser photocoagulation, cryoablation, and radiofrequency ionization (coblation) will be reviewed. For each modality, the principles, the indications, and the results will be presented. The technical choice depends on the therapeutic intent-curative or palliative-and the need for consolidation, but also on the general status of the patient and the other therapeutic options. For the most complex cases, combined treatments can be required. However, the less disabling technique should always be considered first.
Effect of Oil Feed Groove on Compressor Piston Lubrication

Oil feed grooves are implemented in reciprocating compressor piston applications to assure a constant supply of lubricating oil on bearing surfaces and decrease friction loss. In a hermetically sealed compressor, due to small clearances encountered, oil supply becomes critical in order to prevent the boundary lubrication. Due to the small size of the piston and small piston–cylinder clearance, a partial lubrication regime is present. In the current study, a model that solves Reynolds’ equation for piston-cylinder sliding bearing for a compressor piston with oil feed groove is developed. A parametric study is carried out to investigate the effects of piston oil feed groove design parameters and then arrive at an improved piston performance by using alternative designs for the oil feed groove.
Genetic and environmental findings in early‐onset Parkinson's disease Brazilian patients

Parkinson's disease (PD) etiology has been attributed both to genetic and environmental factors. In this study, we investigated Brazilian early‐onset PD (EOPD) patients for mutations in PARK2 and PARK8, exposure to environmental factors and possible correlations between PARK2 polymorphisms, environmental exposure, and disease age of onset. We enrolled 72 EOPD index patients and 81 healthy volunteers. Both groups were investigated for environmental exposure. EOPD patients were screened for PARK2 and PARK8 mutations. PARK2 coding polymorphisms Ser167Asn and Val380Leu were investigated in both groups. Mutations were present in 18% of the patients and in 32% of those with a positive family history. PARK2 mutations represented 12.5% and PARK8 mutations accounted for 5.5% of the mutations. A novel PARK2 mutation (D53X) was identified in 2 patients. A positive correlation was found between EOPD and well water drinking. In patients exposed to well water, a later age of onset was observed for those who carried at least one PARK2 380Leu allele. PARK2 mutations have an important role in EOPD Brazilian patients and PARK8 might be the second most important disease causing gene in this group. Well water drinking exposure represents a risk factor for EOPD and the PARK2 coding polymorphism Val380Leu might be interacting with environmental factors acting as a disease modifier. © 2008 Movement Disorder Society