Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Impacts of red pepper supplemented diets and different storage conditions on eggs obtained from free-range laying hens

Egg quality depends on many conditions, including diet and storage temperature. Consumers usually assess it by checking yolk colour. The aim of the study was to indicate the effects of storage periods (7, 14 and 21 days) and temperature (room and refrigerator) on egg quality parameters, especially yolk colour. The experiment was carried out with 150 eggs, which were collected from free-range Lohmann brown laying hens (42 weeks old) fed with or without 0.75% red pepper supplemented diets. The highest weight loss was observed in the eggs stored at room temperature (23 °C, 64% humidity) for 21 days. In addition, it was discovered that the highest air cell height (ACH) was detected in the eggs stored at room temperature for 14 and 21 days. Red pepper supplementation and storage time and temperature were found to have been effective on the Roche yolk colour fan values (RYCF), lightness (L*) and yellowness (b*). Additionally, red pepper supplementation had a significantly positive effect on the redness (a*) value of the yolk. However, no statistical difference in the a* value was determined between the fresh eggs and the stored eggs supplemented with red pepper. The supplementation of 0.75% red pepper as a natural colouring agent to the diets of free-range laying hens had a positive effect on the yolk colour, which is an important attribution for consumer perception. Furthermore, the colours of the yolks of eggs stored in the refrigerator for a week were not significantly different from the fresh ones. Consequently, the present study suggests feeding laying hens diets supplemented with 0.75% red pepper might be useful in improving yolk colour. The results indicate that the eggs stored in the refrigerator might be closer to the characteristics of fresh eggs. In contrast, eggs stored at room temperature showed more deterioration between treatments. Keywords: Colour evaluation methods, egg quality, free-range, yolk colour
Blind Image Quality Assessment for Face Pose Problem

Abstract No-Reference image quality assessment for face images is of high interest since it can be required for biometric systems such as biometric passport applications to increase system performance. This can be achieved by controlling the quality of biometric sample images during enrollment. This paper proposes a novel no-reference image quality assessment method that extracts several image features and uses data mining techniques for detecting the pose variation problem in facial images. Using subsets from three public 2D face databases PUT, ENSIB, and AR, the experimental results recorded a promising accuracy of 97.06% when using the RandomForest Classifier, which outperforms other classifiers
Influence of reactors, microbial carbohydrate uptake, and metabolic pathways on ethanol production from grass biomass: A review

Grasses are considered to be potential lignocellulosic feedstock for renewable and sustainable biofuels such as bioethanol. However, the process involved, ie, pretreatment, enzymatic saccharification, and fermentation in conversion of these lignocellulosic biomass to bioethanol, remains expensive and at present is not affordable for industrial production. Thus, the present review assesses the influence of the recent technologies that can be employed for the bio‐refinery based pretreatment and enzymatic hydrolysis of grass biomass using advanced bioreactors. Since plant extracts have been seen to enhance the glucose uptake, an experiment was implemented to elucidate the role of plant extracts (bark extracts of Xylocarpus granatum) on glucose uptake capacity of microorganisms like Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Pichia sp. , and Zymomonas mobilis and their subsequent ethanol production capability from glucose and xylose sugars. The results of these experiments indicated that supplementation of plant extracts promoted both glucose and xylose uptake in S. cerevisiae and Pichia sp. as compared with the control and Z. mobilis strain. Further, as Pichia sp. exhibited good uptake ability for both glucose and xylose, a model was proposed focusing on the gene silencing and operon concept in Pichia sp. for preferential pentose utilization during the fermentation of grass biomass to bioethanol.
Data-Driven Fault Diagnosis in Battery Systems Through Cross-Cell Monitoring

Fault diagnosis is a central task of Battery Management Systems (BMS) of electric vehicle batteries. The effective implementation of fault diagnosis in the BMS can prevent costly and catastrophic consequences such as thermal runaway of battery cells. As fire incidents of electric vehicles show, the early detection of faults in the latent phase before a thermal runaway is still a problem. The goal is therefore to develop methods with high sensitivity and robustness that detect abnormalities in the battery system even under dynamic load profiles and sensor noise. This work presents a novel data-driven approach to fault diagnosis based on a comparison of single cell voltages. Faults are detected and localized by a statistical evaluation based on a Principal Component Analysis (PCA) of the data. To increase the sensitivity and robustness of the Cross-Cell Monitoring (CCM) method, an outlier robust sample studentization and a new method for selecting the number of principle components is proposed. The CCM data model is recursively updated, to handle non-stationarities caused by cell parameter changes. An application to the data of a large battery system consisting of 432 Lithium-ion cells shows the fault detection and isolation capability. The ability to learn and generalize is shown by an artificial parameter change and cross-validation.
Systematic revision of Hegetotherium and Pachyrukhos (Hegetotheriidae, Notoungulata) and a new phylogenetic analysis of Hegetotheriidae

Hegetotheriidae is one of the most derived families of South American notoungulates, which are known from the late Oligocene to Pliocene. Several genera of hegetotheriids have been described; most of them have been recently re-examined, but the Miocene taxa Hegetotherium and Pachyrukhos have not been revised for more than a century. Numerous species of both genera were described mainly from the Santa Cruz Formation, Santa Cruz Province, but also from the Colhuehuapian beds in Chubut Province, and the Colloncuran beds in Neuquén and Río Negro provinces, Argentina. Recently, Hegetotherium was recorded in Bolivia and Chile. Sinclair was the first reviewer to postulate some synonymies, in the first decade of the twentieth century. The present contribution provides a re-evaluation of these genera, including the study of previously unpublished materials. We conclude that Hegetotherium mirabile and Pachyrukhos moyani are the only hegetotheres in the Santa Cruz Formation (Santacrucian SALMA) with Hegetotherium novum and Pachyrukhos politus in the Colhuehuapian SALMA. Additionally, H. convexum, H. anceps, H. minum and H. andinum are proposed as synonyms of H. mirabile; H. novum is removed from Prohegetotherium; and Hegetotherium arctum is excluded from Hegetotheriidae. This taxonomic revision led to a new phylogenetic analysis of Hegetotheriidae, based on a previous data matrix, but enlarged and corrected, as some taxonomic issues concerning other genera were revealed. The analysis supports the monophyly of Hegetotheriidae and the subfamily Pachyrukhinae, as well as the monophyly of the genera Hemihegetotherium and Paedotherium, if the proposed removal of Pd. kakai from the latter is admitted. In contrast, Hegetotheriinae and Hegetotherium appear to be paraphyletic. The position of H. novum supports its removal from the genus Prohegetotherium, in which it was recently included.
The metabolic syndrome and the insulin resistance to the action Of insulin: from Marañón to the present time

One facet less known of Gregorio Marañón was the work dedicated to the direction of scientific projects. He was Director of the "Junta de Estudios" and of the CIB in the CSIC, two important Institutions in the development of Spaniard Biomedicine.The latter Center was inaugurated in 1958 and it is considered as a Center of excellency , that facilitate the apparition of others Centers of great relevance as they are the Center of Molecular Biology Severo Ochoa , The Institute of Biomedical Research Alberto Sols, the Center of Biotechnology and the new Institute S. Ramón y Cajal.This is a great labor that after 60 years still is very active.Our deeply acknowledge to the Founders of that project,especially Gregorio Marañón, because they make possible that many other scientists were able to open new ways while walking through the field of Biomedicine. Within his medical work we might consider the Prediabetic States and its relationship with Arterial Hypertension, as early indicator of carbohydrate intolerance and of the future apparition of Diabetes Mellitus (DM), as well as identical considerations with DM and Obesity. A pioner approach to that we know at present as Metabolic Syndrome. It seems paradoxical that Marañón that died in the year 1960 could have some relatioship with the insulin resistance described in 1991 or with the Metabolic Syndrome defined by first time in 1998. It may be explained because he proposed the idea of a possible common substrate for Obesity, Diabetes and Arterial Hypertension in the 20s of the last century, that now we named Metabolic Syndrome, and because he described situations of insulin resistance, 30 years before of its description, despite in such time the name and importance of this nosological entity was unknown. Palabras clave:
The Nrd1p-Nab3p-Sen1p complex constitutes a vital component of the nuclear mRNA surveillance in Saccharomyces cerevisiae

In Saccharomyces cerevisiae, the NNS (Nrd1p-Nab3p-Sen1p) complex along with the nuclear exosome, TRAMP, and CTEXT rapidly degrades aberrant mRNAs. Consistently, nrd1-1/nrd1-2 mutant cells displayed an impairment of the decay of all kinds of aberrant mRNAs, just like the yeast mutants deficient in Rrp41p, Rrp6p, and Rrp4p. Interestingly, however, nrd1{Delta}CID mutant strain (in which Nrd1p failed to interact with RNAPII) exhibits a selective abrogation of the degradation of aberrant messages generated during transcription elongation, splicing and 3'-end maturation, without affecting the decay rate of the export-defective mRNAs. Mutation in the 3'-end processing factor, Pcf11p, in contrast, displayed a selective abolition of the decay of the export-defective mRNAs without influencing the faulty messages spawned in the early phase of mRNP biogenesis. Thus, mRNA decay by Nrd1p is accompanied by its co-transcriptional recruitment onto the faulty messages, which initially relies on RNAPII during transcription elongation and on Pcf11p post-transcription. Furthermore, Nrd1p binding to the export-defective messages leads to the recruitment of Rrp6p to promote their decay.
Alternative upper configurations during agility-based movements: part 1, biomechanical performance

Abstract The objective of this research was to determine if three alternative shoe closures improve biomechanical performance measures compared to a standard lace closure in agility-based movements. NCAA Division 1 and club-level male athletes recruited from lacrosse, soccer, tennis, and rugby performed four court-based movements: Lateral Skater Jump Repeats (LSJ), Countermovement Jump Repeats (CMJ), Triangle Drop Step Drill (TDS), and Anterior-Posterior Drill (AP). Each athlete performed the movements in four shoe upper closures: Standard Closure, Lace Replacement, Y Wrap, and Tri Panel. Movement completion time, Ground contact time, peak eccentric rate of force development (RFD), peak concentric GRF, peak concentric COM power, eccentric work, and concentric work were measured. The Y Wrap configuration the Tri Panel configuration delivered improvements between 3 and 9% over the Standard Closure depending on the movement tested and variable of interest. The Lace Replacement had mixed results with some improvements and some declines in performance. This study allowed for the mechanical properties of the shoe bottom package to remain consistent across designs to examine if alternative upper configurations could enhance performance. We hypothesise that improved containment and possibly increased proprioception—due to the wrapping fit of the configurations influences these changes in performance. These findings suggest that the design and construction shoe upper is essential to consider in athletic shoe design.
STRATEGIC MANAGEMENT AS A CONDITION OF ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT OF THE REPUBLIC OF SERBIA

1 кандидат наук, доцент, факультет інформатики та техніки, УНІОН –Університет імені М. Тесли, Белград, Сербія, тел. : (111)-21-80-271, e-mail. : rektor@unionnikolatesla.edu. rs, ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4039-5807 2 кандидат наук, доцент, факультет інформатики та техніки, УНІОН –Університет імені М. Тесли, Белград, Сербія, тел. : (111)-21-80-271, e-mail. : rektor@unionnikolatesla.edu. rs, ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5102-7435
Flat Gain Broadband Metasurface Antennas

Modulated metasurface (MTS) antennas can provide a broadside pencil beam at the frequency where the cylindrical surface wave (SW) wavelength matches the period of the impedance modulation. For modulations with constant period, the mismatch between the SW wavelength and the period imposes a limitation on the gain-bandwidth product. However, this limitation can be overcome by shaping the local period as a function of the radial distance. Doing so, we generate an annular active region on the antenna aperture, where the SW-to-impedance interaction mainly occurs. Such active region moves from the antenna center to the circular rim as the frequency decreases. This article shows that one can optimize the profile of the local periodicity function to obtain broadside pencil beams over large bandwidths, while preserving the flatness of the gain versus frequency response and a good stability of the phase center. The antenna performances so obtained are really unique for flat antennas based on printed technology. Finally, we present a simple formula for the product between average gain and bandwidth, which gradually blends into the already known expression for modulations with constant period. This formula establishes an absolute limit of the gain-bandwidth product, which only depends on the wavelength-normalized antenna radius at the central frequency.
Phenotypic, genetic, and transcriptomic decoupling of thermal hardiness across metamorphosis in Drosophila melanogaster

Complex life cycles (CLCs), developmental programs in which life-history stages are distinct in morphology, behavior, and physiology, are common throughout the biosphere. However, it is still unclear why and how CLCs evolve. The adaptive decoupling hypothesis (ADH) postulates that CLCs evolve to decouple the developmental processes that underlie traits across ontogeny to allow for independent, stage-specific responses to selection. This ultimately could lead to alternate life-history stages adapting to unique environments, thus optimizing fitness across development. However, few empirical tests of the ADH are available. Detecting genetic and transcriptomic decoupling of thermal hardiness using robust techniques in a model system, D. melanogaster, was the goal of this dissertation. Furthermore, this work illustrates that different life-history stages have the potential to become adapted to unique ecological niches. I performed three primary studies to test the ADH: 1. ) estimation of the genetic correlation for cold hardiness between larvae and adults using isogenic lines of D. melanogaster to determine if unique genetic architectures underlie variation in cold stress response using standard quantitative genetic and Genome-Wide Association (GWA) methods, 2. ) testing whether developmental acclimation is genetically correlated across stages, and whether acclimation alters cross-stage correlations in cold hardiness, and 3. ) analysis of the transcriptional responses of both larvae and adults to extreme cold to determine if stage-specific stress response mechanisms exist across
Hide and seek in the Bay of Biscay—a functional investigation of marine megafauna and small pelagic fish interactions

&NA; Prey and predator distributions influence one another. Understanding the scale and the orientation of predator‐prey spatial correlations is crucial in foraging ecology. Growing evidence suggests that predator‐prey interactions are more constrained by functional characteristics of both the predator and the prey. Unfortunately, in marine pelagic systems, the scale and orientation of spatial correlations between predators and prey have been only little explored from a functional point of view. We tested the existence of fine‐scale association between predators and fish functional groups. Visual predator sightings and acoustic fish records were collected synchronously during oceanographic surveys from 2004 to 2014. Prey biomass was integrated by nautical miles and split into four size classes (<10 cm; 10‐20 cm; 20‐30 cm; >30 cm) and two depth layers (surface, deep). We computed the relative biomass by prey size and depth category from 0 to 12 nm around predator sightings to determine the predators' proximity to local prey biomass. Two cetaceans (common, bottlenose dolphins) and three seabirds (northern gannets, auks, northern fulmars) were studied. No association was found in fulmars, indicating they probably do not feed on considered fishes in the area. Gannets and auks were positively correlated with local prey biomass for sizes <20 cm at both depth layers. Significant negative relationships were found between common dolphins and prey size classes <20 cm at both depth layers, and between bottlenose dolphins and all size ranges at the deeper layer. Our results suggest that the fine‐scale spatial overlap of predator and prey is influenced by their functional traits, and that prey exhibit predator avoidance behaviour in presence of swimming predators but not of flying ones.
Impacts of nitrogen addition on plant species richness and abundance: A global meta‐analysis

Aim: Experimental nitrogen (N) addition (fertilization) studies are commonly used to quantify the impacts of increased N inputs on plant biodiversity. However, given that plant community responses can vary considerably among individual studies, there is a clear need to synthesize and generalize findings with meta-analytical approaches. Our goal was to quantify changes in species richness and abundance in plant communities in response to N addition across different environmental contexts, while controlling for different experimental designs. Location: Global. Time period: Data range: 1985-2016; Publication years: 1990-2018. Major taxa studied: Plants. Methods: We performed a meta-analysis of 115 experiments reported in 85 studies assessing the effects of N addition on terrestrial natural and semi-natural plant communities. We quantified local-scale changes in plant biodiversity in relationship to N addition using four metrics: species richness (SR), individual species abundance (IA), mean species abundance (MSA) and geometric mean abundance (GMA). Results: For all metrics, greater amounts of annual N addition resulted in larger declines in plant diversity. Additionally, MSA decreased more steeply with N that was applied in reduced (NH4+) rather than oxidized (NO3-) form. Loss of SR with increasing amounts of N was found to be larger in warmer sites. Furthermore, greater losses of SR were found in sites with longer experimental durations, smaller plot sizes and lower soil cation exchange capacity. Finally, reductions in the abundance of individual species were larger for N-sensitive plant life-form types (legumes and non-vascular plants). Main conclusions: N enrichment decreases both SR and abundance of plants in N-addition experiments, but the magnitude of the response differs among biodiversity metrics and with the environmental and experimental context. This underlines the importance of integrating multiple dimensions of biodiversity and relevant modifying factors into assessments of biodiversity responses to global environmental change.
Morphological characters and identification of sub-phases during imbibition in seeds of stock (Matthiola incana).

Objective: To describe morphologic traits and imbibition stages in seeds from three accessions of Matthiola incana. Design/methodology/approximation: Seeds were analysed from Nieve, Rosita and Uva genotipes, which correspond to Matthiola incana. In the first assessment, weight and colour was determined in a thousand seeds. The area, perimeter, length (major axis), width, centric angle, elongation (length/width) and round degree were obtained by means of processing digital images. Analysis of variance was performed to the data followed by a multiple comparison of means by the Tukey procedure. For the imbibition test, fifty seeds of each genotype were immersed in water and evaluated every 24, 48, 72 and 164 h in order to know the absorption dynamic and determine the time of the imbibition sub and phases. Results: Physical description in Nieve seeds show a moderate orange colour and thousand seeds weight 0.218 g; Rosita seeds have a moderate orange yellowish colour and thousand seeds weight 0.1902 g; Uva seeds show a colour from greyish to dark brown with a weight of 0.1272 in thousand seeds. Nieve seeds show greater morphologic dimensions than Rosita and Uva seeds, but the three genotypes show a similar trait in the form type. During the imbibition test of each genotype follow a progressive rate until stage three, where the imbibition behaviour is synchronised with the radical protrude emergency to 164 h after the test was initiated. Study limitations/implications: Seeds show a different size, therefore great samples are difficult to handle at the imbibition moment. Findings/conclusions: It is determined from the three accessions that seeds from Matthiola incana have greater morphologic traits than other species from the same genus. Two phases were identified during the phase two, the first one was known as the moment of solute explosion and the second one was known as the recovery of lost solutes.
Metal levels in some refuse dump soils and plants in Ghana.

Concentrations of Cd, Hg, Pb, Cr, Fe, Co, ni, Cu, Zn, Mo and as were determined in soils and leaves of plants from refuse dumpsites and background soils in two cities, a municipality and a rural community in Ghana, using a ThermoFinnigan Element 2 high resolution inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometric (Hr-iCP-MS) instrument. The refuse dump soils were classified between ‘Uncontaminated to Moderate’ and ‘Strongly Contaminated’. Pollution levels for Cd (igeo = 2.06–2.40) and Zn (igeo = 2.95–3.36) were higher than of the other metals. The refuse dump soil from the rural community was the least polluted with the metals. Fe and ni loads in plants from the refuse dump soils in the cities and the municipality were beyond the normal ranges of 40–500 μg/g (Fe) and 0.02–5.00 μg/ g (ni). transfer ratios for Cd, Hg, Cu, Zn and Pb and Fe of plants from the background soils were higher than those from the refuse dump soils, which might be due to the higher levels of organic matter, pH, phosphate, Ca and Mg in the refuse dump soils.