Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Auditing the Health of Australia's Ecosystems

The Australian Government has made a commitment to a National Land and Water Resources Audit (Audit) to provide data, analysis, and appraisal of natural resource management and to facilitate improved decision making at a range of scales. One of the themes within the Audit is ecosystem health. This article describes the goals of the Audit with respect to ecosystem health and provides examples of how these goals are being realized in terms of projects. Six projects within the ecosystem health theme of the Audit are described. Benefits of the ecosystem health paradigm have been recognized by the Audit in comparison to previous natural resource assessment methods that tended to focus on single components of ecosystems through the use of environmental quality indicators and often failed to make distinctions and linkages between ecosystem types. A “catchment to estuary” concept which identifies the linkages between landscape, catchment, waterway, and estuarine condition is providing the rationale behind the process-based integration of natural resource data sets which form the basis of methods being developed by the Audit. This depends upon the identification of key ecosystem process drivers and a range of attributes by which they may be measured at appropriate scales. The Audit's aim is to develop purpose-driven multiattribute assessment frameworks that can incorporate a range of available natural resource information along with social and economic data to provide a measure of distance of ecosystems from some desired state. The contributions of other Audit theme projects to such assessments and the final integrated reporting requirements of the Audit across disciplinary themes is described. Perceived benefits of the ecosystem health approach to natural resource assessment and tests of effectiveness that may be used by the Audit are also discussed.
Ranking Papers by their Short-Term Scientific Impact

The constantly increasing rate at which scientific papers are published makes it difficult for researchers to identify papers that currently impact the research field of their interest. In this work, we present a method that ranks papers based on their estimated short-term impact, as measured by the number of citations received in the near future. Our method models a researcher exploring the paper citation network, and introduces an attention-based mechanism, akin to a time-restricted version of preferential attachment, that explicitly captures the researcher’s preference to read papers which received a lot of attention recently. A detailed experimental evaluation on real citation datasets across disciplines, shows that our approach is more effective than previous work.
A Dehn type quantity for Riemannian manifolds

We look at the functional Y(M) = int_M K(x) dV(x) for compact Riemannian 2d-manifolds M, where K(x) = (2d)! (d! )^-1 (4pi)^-d int_T prod_k=1^d K_t_2k,t_2k+1(x) dt involves products of d sectional curvatures K_ij(x) averaged over the space T sim O(2d) of all orthonormal frames t=(t_1, . ,t_2d). A discrete version Y_disc(M) with K_d(x) = (d! )^-1 (4pi)^-d sum_sigma prod_k=1^d K_sigma(2k-1),sigma(2k) sums over all permutations sigma of 1,. ,2d. Unlike Euler characteristic which by Gauss-Bonnet-Chern is int_M K_GBC dV=X(M), the quantities Y or Y_disc are in general metric dependent. We are interested in Y(M)-X(M) because if M has curvature sign e, then Y(M) e^d and Y_disc(M) are positive while X(M) e^d>0 is only conjectured. We compute Y_disc in a few concrete examples like 2d-spheres, the 4-manifold CP^2, the 6 manifold SO(4) or the 8-manifold SU(3).
Implementation of Popular Techniques for Movie Recommendations

In today’s world where there is a plethora of movies to choose from in any medium, recommendation systems play a crucial role in reducing the search time for the movie watchers by recommending them the most relevant movies that they would most probably like. There are a wide range of approaches and techniques which are used for recommending movies. While some techniques reflect the current trend and popularity of movies, others are able to capture and analyze the past behavior of the viewer and make recommendations accordingly. Recommendation systems are an integral part of companies such as Netflix, Amazon Prime, Hulu and various others to ensure that their customers have a pleasant experience which in turn would boost the company’s profits. This study discusses and analyses the various approaches and techniques used for the recommendation of movies.
An Efficient Data Sharing Scheme in Mobile Cloud Computing using Attribute based Encryption

– The use of cloud storage reduces the burden of storage in the user devices. Due to the security issues in the cloud storage the client application needs to provide security to the outsourced cloud data. Now a days, mobile devices become popular an d mobile devices are used to store/retrieve data to/from the cloud storage from anywhere at any time. Thus, cloud security issues become more and more severe. There are different studies conducted to solve cloud security problems. Due to the limited computational capabilities of mobile devices, most of the techniques are not applicable for the mobile cloud. Thus, a lightweight scheme is needed that can provide both confidentiality and integrity to the cloud data. Also, an efficient access privilege management is also needed.
A massively parallel and scalable multi-GPU material point method

Harnessing the power of modern multi-GPU architectures, we present a massively parallel simulation system based on the Material Point Method (MPM) for simulating physical behaviors of materials undergoing complex topological changes, self-collision, and large deformations. Our system makes three critical contributions. First, we introduce a new particle data structure that promotes coalesced memory access patterns on the GPU and eliminates the need for complex atomic operations on the memory hierarchy when writing particle data to the grid. Second, we propose a kernel fusion approach using a new Grid-to-Particles-to-Grid (G2P2G) scheme, which efficiently reduces GPU kernel launches, improves latency, and significantly reduces the amount of global memory needed to store particle data. Finally, we introduce optimized algorithmic designs that allow for efficient sparse grids in a shared memory context, enabling us to best utilize modern multi-GPU computational platforms for hybrid Lagrangian-Eulerian computational patterns. We demonstrate the effectiveness of our method with extensive benchmarks, evaluations, and dynamic simulations with elastoplasticity, granular media, and fluid dynamics. In comparisons against an open-source and heavily optimized CPU-based MPM codebase [Fang et al. 2019] on an elastic sphere colliding scene with particle counts ranging from 5 to 40 million, our GPU MPM achieves over 100x per-time-step speedup on a workstation with an Intel 8086K CPU and a single Quadro P6000 GPU, exposing exciting possibilities for future MPM simulations in computer graphics and computational science. Moreover, compared to the state-of-the-art GPU MPM method [Hu et al. 2019a], we not only achieve 2x acceleration on a single GPU but our kernel fusion strategy and Array-of-Structs-of-Array (AoSoA) data structure design also generalizes to multi-GPU systems. Our multi-GPU MPM exhibits near-perfect weak and strong scaling with 4 GPUs, enabling performant and large-scale simulations on a 10243 grid with close to 100 million particles with less than 4 minutes per frame on a single 4-GPU workstation and 134 million particles with less than 1 minute per frame on an 8-GPU workstation.
Documentos de Trabajo Political Selection with Pessimistic Voters

I analyze political agency models with potentially two equilibria, one in which elections are e¤ective selection mechanisms and only "good" individuals participate in politics and another one in which elections are not e¤ective and "bad" individuals participate in politics. These equilibria are self-ful lling prophecies: if citizens expect a low-quality political class, bad individuals will participate and the political class will have low quality. If citizens expect a highquality political class, only good individuals will have incentives to participate and the political class will be of high quality. The model exhibits only the good equilibrium if the proportion of good individuals in the society is su¢ ciently high. I analyze the impact of popularity shocks and redistribution on the set of equilibria.
The effect of hemodialysis on serum magnesium concentration in hemodialysis patients.

BACKGROUND In recent years, the concentration of magnesium in dialysis patients has drawn an increasing amount of attention. Both hemodialysis and peritoneal dialysis may affect magnesium metabolism, but studies in this area are very limited. This study aimed to investigate the serum magnesium concentrations in hemodialysis patients and examine the factors related to the serum magnesium concentration, and to explore the effect of hemodialysis with conventional hemodialysis solution (magnesium ion concentration 0.5 mmol/L) on blood magnesium concentration. METHODS In this single-center, retrospective study, linear regression models were established to explore the factors related to serum magnesium concentration in hemodialysis patients. Serum magnesium concentration was also compared before and after hemodialysis treatment. RESULTS The data of 148 hemodialysis patients were collected and analyzed. The mean value of pre-hemodialysis total serum magnesium concentration was 1.11±0.14 mmol/L. The prevalence of hypermagnesemia was 73.65%, and 2 patients had hypomagnesemia (1.35%). Data analysis indicated that total platelet count, serum phosphorus level, serum creatinine, plasma albumin, and total serum cholesterol level were significantly related to serum magnesium concentration. After hemodialysis treatment, the serum magnesium concentration was significantly lower when conventional hemodialysis was used. After hemodialysis, the average decrease in the serum magnesium concentration was 0.14 mmol/L. CONCLUSIONS Most patients who received hemodialysis had mild hypermagnesemia when routine dialysate was supplied. Serum magnesium concentration is related to patients' nutritional status. Hemodialysis treatment can decrease the total serum magnesium concentration.
LOGISTICS MONITORING USING ITS

Intelligent Transport Systems (ITS) is allowing that society use the ITS facilities to conducting their activities. At this scenario the paper presents a study case that was developed to SEFAZ (Treasury Department) of São Paulo state in order to use ITS technologies applied to conduct his activities, mainly for tax inspection. The study case presented in this paper used the tracking & monitoring technologies to make the monitoring of loads, including vehicles. All study case considers the use of existing ITS infrastructure, as well as the deployment of new infrastructure. In order to implement the tracking & monitoring technologies, the study case consider several dispositive and systems, including a integration with NF-e system (electronic invoice) and CT-e system (electronic transport declaration). The advantage of presented technologies is the ability to identify the loads and vehicles information without disrupting the normal flow or even causes a decrease in speed. Key-Words: ITS, BRT, Operation, OCR, LPR, Mobility, Transportation
Increasing annual growth rates of cattle by reducing maintenance energy requirements

In seasonally dry areas cattle undergo periods of arrested growth because the forage on offer is of poor quality. Annual liveweight gains could be increased and age of turnoff for slaughter reduced if maintenance energy requirements could be lowered during the dry season with no concomitant reduction in forage intake. Strategies to reduce metabolic rate, and so rate of liveweight loss using the anabolic steroid, trenbolone acetate, and the s2-agonist, guanfacin, are discussed. Both compounds reduced fasting metabolic rate of steers; an implant of 300 mg trenbolone acetate by about 10% and continuous intravenous infusion of 40 8g/kg liveweight per day guanfacin by about 20%. The effects of other anabolic steroids on energy metabolism is reviewed. Trenbolone treatment of steers fed a low-protein roughage diet reduced voluntary feed intake. The mechanism by which this occurred was established and is discussed, as are studies aimed at determining the mechanism by which trenbolone reduces metabolic rate. Further, it has been established that the guanfacin-induced reduction in metabolic rate which is largely mediated peripherally is an s2-adrenergic effect and not some other effect of the drug.
THE IMPLEMENTATION OF LINEAR PROGRAM IN DETERMINING PRODUCT COMBINATIONS TO ACHIEVE OPTIMAL PROFITS IN NGANJUK “SYUKUR” TILE HOME INDUSTRY

This study aims to investigate the application of linear programming in determining the combination of products that can produce optimal profits in Nganjuk “Syukur” tile home industry. This is a descriptive study whose data are obtained from interviews, field observations and documentation. For data analysis, this present study uses linear programming analysis with the simplex method. Time series analysis is used as a basis for forecasting for the future (linear trend with the method of small squares). To determine the optimal product combination in linear programming, the objective and function are limited. This study confirms that Max Z = 216,250 X1 + 156,000 X2 + 1,363,000 X3 where the combination of tile (X1) = 341 per day; Pilang Karang Tile (X2) = 448 per day and Wuwung Tile (X3) = 203 per day, the benefit is Rp. = 418,937,000. The company has to pay attention to the combination of products especially when the company produces more than one type of product and limiting factors.
Feeling Positive About Reopening?New Normal Scenarios from COVID-19 ReopenSentiment Analytics

The Coronavirus pandemic has created complex challenges and adverse circumstances. This research identifies public sentiment amidst problematic socioeconomic consequences of the lockdown, and explores ensuing four potential sentiment associated scenarios. The severity and brutality of COVID-19 have led to the development of extreme feelings, and emotional and mental healthcare challenges. This research focuses on emotional consequences - the presence of extreme fear, confusion and volatile sentiments, mixed along with trust and anticipation. It is necessary to gauge dominant public sentiment trends for effective decisions and policies. This study analyzes public sentiment using Twitter Data, time-aligned to the COVID-19 reopening debate, to identify dominant sentiment trends associated with the push to 'reopen' the economy. Present research uses textual analytics methodologies to analyze public sentiment support for two potential divergent scenarios - an early opening and a delayed opening, and consequences of each. Present research concludes on the basis of exploratory textual analytics and textual data visualization, that Tweets data from American Twitter users shows more positive sentiment support, than negative, for reopening the US economy. This research develops a novel sentiment polarity based four scenarios framework, which will remain useful for future crisis analysis, well beyond COVID-19. With additional validation, this research stream could present valuable time sensitive opportunities for state governments, the federal government, corporations and societal leaders to guide local and regional communities, and the nation into a successful new normal future.
Cardiac adverse events of immune checkpoint inhibitors in oncology patients: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Background: Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) are novel therapeutic agents used for various types of cancer. ICIs have revolutionized cancer treatment and improved clinical outcomes among cancer patients. However, immune-related adverse effects of ICI therapy are common. Cardiovascular immune-related adverse events (irAEs) are rare but potentially life-threatening complications. We aimed to estimate the incidence of cardiovascular irAEs among patients undergoing ICI therapy for various malignancies. Methods: We conducted this systematic review and meta-analysis by searching PubMed, Cochrane CENTRAL, Web of Science, and SCOPUS databases for relevant interventional trials reporting cardiovascular irAEs. We performed a single-arm meta-analysis using OpenMeta [Analyst] software of the following outcomes: myocarditis, pericardial effusion, heart failure, cardiomyopathy, atrial fibrillation, myocardial infarction, and cardiac arrest. We assessed the heterogeneity using the I2 test and managed to solve it with Cochrane leave-one-out method. The risk of bias was performed with the Cochrane risk of bias tool. Results: A total of 26 studies were included. The incidence of irAEs follows: myocarditis: 0.5% (95% CI [0.1%-0.9%]); pericardial effusion: 0.5% (95% CI [0.1%-1.0%]); heart failure: 0.3% (95% CI [0.0%-0.5%]); cardiomyopathy: 0.3% (95% CI [-0.1%-0.6%]); atrial fibrillation: 7.6% (95% CI [1.0%-14.1%]); myocardial infarction: 0.4% (95% CI [0.0%-0.7%]); and cardiac arrest: 0.4% (95% CI [0.1%-0.8%]). Conclusion: The most common cardiovascular irAEs were atrial fibrillation, myocarditis, and pericardial effusion. Although rare, data from post market surveillance will provide estimates of the long-term prevalence and prognosis in patients with ICI-associated cardiovascular complications.
Characteristics of damage in tree-length white spruce logs caused by the white-spotted sawyer, Monochamusscutellatus

Damage caused by the white-spotted sawyer, Monochamusscutellatus (Say), to felled white spruce, Piceaglauca (Moench) Voss, in northern Alberta was studied to provide data for improving a damage assessment technique. Numbers, density, and size of larval entrance holes, length of larval galleries, and diameter of adult exit holes were examined on three 122-cm-long log sections cut near the butt, middle, and top of each of 30 trees. Information on larval development and survival and adult emergence was also obtained.Size of larval entrance and adult exit holes and gallery length decreased from the butt to top of the tree, numbers of entrance holes were similar at the three stem positions, and density of entrance holes increased from butt to top on both south and north aspects. The density of entrance holes around the logs showed two maxima, while the mean density was approximated slightly above midlevel on south and north aspects. Larval galleries extended to an average maximum depth of 7.5 cm into the wood.
Dispersal and the interspecific abundance‐occupancy relationship in British birds

Aim To test the prediction that deviations of species from the positive interspecific relationship between abundance and occupancy (a measure of geographical range size) are related to differences in dispersal. Location Great Britain. Methods Quantitative data on the abundances, occupancy and dispersal distances of British birds are compared using phylogenetic comparative methods. Results Measures of natal and adult dispersal distance, and the intraspecific variance in these parameters, explain little variation in occupancy in addition to that accounted for by population size. Individual dispersal variables failed to explain significant variance when added individually to a model with population size as a predictor. Migrants and species using wet habitats tend to disperse further than residents and dry habitat species. Analysing these four groups separately revealed effects of dispersal only on the occupancy attained by dry habitat species. Conclusions The only consistent predictor of occupancy in these analyses was population size.
The voluntary intake, digestibility, and retention time by sheep of leaf and stem fractions of five grasses

Chloris gayana, Digitaria decumbens, Panicum maximum, Pennisetum clandestinum, and Setaria splendida were each cut at three stages of growth, dried, chaffed, and separated into "leaf" and "stem" fractions using a gravity separator. The mean purity of the leaf and stem fractions were 78 and 93%. Each fraction was fed to eight sheep to determine voluntary intake and dry matter digestibility. Mean voluntary intake of leaf was 46% higher than that of stem (57.7 v. 39.6 g/kg0.75), despite a slightly lower dry matter digestibility of the leaf fraction (52.6 v. 55.8%). The higher intake of the leaf fraction was associated (r =0.74, P< 0.01) with a shorter retention time of dry matter in the reticulo-rumen (mean 23.8 v. 31.8 hr), which appeared to be caused by the large surface of the leaf fraction initially available to bacterial degradation (mean 128 v. 41 sq cm/g). Ground leaf and stem samples showed no difference in rate of digestion in vitro since structural differences had been destroyed. The energy required to grind 1 g sample in a laboratory mill was less for leaf than stem (mean 234 v. 411 J/g) with a significant correlation between voluntary intake and grinding energy (r = –0.81). In the past a high voluntary intake has been attributed to a high bulk density, but in this study bulk density of the stem fraction was three times that of the leaf fraction and negatively correlated with voluntary intake (r = –0.70, P< 0,001). It was concluded that different plant fractions may be eaten in different quantities, despite similar dry matter digestibilities, and that in any study of the voluntary intake of roughages it is necessary to determine physical properties of the feed in addition to chemical composition.
Data Pricing Framework for Intelligent Transportation Systems

: - Ubiquitous sensing a critical enabler for intelligent transportation systems is becoming a reality due to recent advancements in wireless sensor networks. Internet of Things paradigm provides the necessary tools to define how the information should be gathered and shared across different platforms. Intelligent transportation systems, effected by this transformation provides wide range of applications in areas such as routing, smart logistics, assisted/autonomous driving, environmental monitoring etc. These applications require a high level of initial investment in terms of infrastructure. Therefore, efficient resource management and service pricing is essential for attracting the customers who will use and/or share data provided by the platforms/customers. The mechanisms in place have to manage efficiently the flow of data on possibly unpredictable network conditions. Data pricing, an instrument that captures users’ utilities, provides users’ right economic incentives and manages network congestion especially in high demand periods. In this paper, a framework based on game theory with a data exchange regulator is proposed to deal with data pricing. The framework considers effects of price and quality variations on demand hence on utilities of service providers. The provided case study demonstrates applicability of the proposed methodology.