Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Socio-demographic Characteristics of Parkinson’s Disease Patients attended at a Tertiary Care Hospital in Dhaka City

Background: Parkinson’s disease occurs in different socio-demographic characteristic people. Objective: The Purpose of the present study was to see the socio-demographic characteristics of Parkinson’s disease patients attended at a tertiary care hospital in Dhaka city. Methodology: This cross-sectional study was carried out in the in-patient and out-patient Department of Medicine and Neurology of Sir Salimullah Medical College and Mitford Hospital, Dhaka from July 2012 to December 2013 for a period of one and half year. All patients with Parkinson’s disease who were admitted under department of Medicine and Neurology and also who visited out-patient department of Medicine and Neurology of Sir Salimullah Medical College and Mitford Hospital, Dhaka were taken as study population. Patients who were diagnosed as Parkinson’s disease according to Brain Bank clinical criteria for diagnosis of Parkinson’s disease were included in this study. The demographic and socio-economic characteristics were recorded in a semi-structured questionnaire. Result: A total number of 40 Parkinson’s patients were recruited for this study. The mean age was 69.15±10.08 years. The male female ratio was found 1.22:1. The majority patients were businessman which was 13(32.5%) cases. The majority of 15(37.5%) patients came from rural area. However, 12(30.0%) patients were in primary level. Furthermore, 21(52.5%) patients came from lower class. Conclusion: In conclusion elder male rural dwellers are mostly suffering from Parkinson’s disease Journal of Current and Advance Medical Research 2019;6(2):106-110
Gestational Weight Gain Particularly Affects the Risk of Large for Gestational Age Infants in Non-obese Mothers

Introduction The birth of a large for gestational age (LGA) infant is a significant risk factor for birth complications and maternal morbidity and an even higher risk factor for offspring obesity, metabolic syndrome and cardiovascular disease in later life. Relevant factors affecting the risk of delivering an LGA infant are maternal pre-gravid obesity, excessive gestational weight gain exceeding the recommendations of the Institute of Medicine (IOM) and diabetes in pregnancy. We aimed to determine what matters most in terms of the risk of fetal overgrowth. Materials and Methods We performed a database analysis of 12 701 singleton term deliveries documented in our university hospital birth registry from 2003 to 2014. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to determine the adjusted odds ratios. Results Excessive weight gain had the strongest impact on LGA (OR: 1.249 [95% CI: 1.018 – 1.533]) compared to maternal pre-gravid body mass index (BMI) (OR: 1.083 [95% CI: 1.066 – 1.099]) and diabetes (OR: 1.315 [95% CI: 0.997 – 1.734]). Keeping gestational weight gain within the recommendations of the IOM resulted in a risk reduction for LGA of 20% (OR: 0.801 [95% CI: 0.652 – 0.982]). The risk for LGA increases by 6.9% with each kg weight gain. Normal weight women (BMI 18.5 – 24.9 kg/m 2 ) and moderately overweight women (BMI 25 – 29.9 kg/m 2 ) showed the highest increase in LGA rates per kg weight gain during pregnancy (OR: 1.078 [95% CI: 1.052 – 1.104] and OR: 1.058 [95% CI: 1.026 – 1.09], resp.). Only in underweight (< 18.5 kg/m 2 ) and normal weight women the risk of LGA birth is strongly influenced by diabetes (OR 11.818 [95% CI: 1.156–120.782] and 1.564 [95% CI: 1.013–2.415]). Conclusion Excessive weight gain is particularly important for non-obese women. These women are therefore a target cohort for intervention, as each prevented additional kilogram weight gain reduces the risk of LGA by more than 5%.
Assessment of Cerebral Collaterals in Acute Ischemic Stroke by CT Cerebral Angiography and Its Relation to the Functional Outcome

Ischemia is the main cause of stroke, typically due to the occlusion of a cerebral artery as a result of progressive atherosclerosis or an embolus from the heart or neck vessels (Truelsen et al., 2006). In some patients the blockage or occlusion can develop within small intracranial vessels, often because of uncontrolled hypertension or diabetes (Adams et al., 1993). Irrespective of the cause or mechanism of ischemia, collateral flow “i.e, perfusion via alternative or indirect pathways” might off set potential injury to the brain (Liebeskind, 2007).
Inflammatory biomarkers in epilepsy

Epilepsy affects millions of people worldwide and has a great burden on world health. Improvement of seizure outcomes mostly relies on establishment of individualized risk factors for epileptogenesis and drug resistance. Several circulating molecules could serve as diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers at different stages of the disease. Inflammatory markers, blood-brain barrier markers, oxidative stress markers, microRNAs, autoantibodies, hormones and growth factors are promising fields of research for biomarkers in epilepsy. Several experimental studies and only a few clinical studies have revealed associations between inflammatory biomarkers and clinical outcomes of epilepsy. Herein, we detail the clinical and immunological significance of several factors of inflammation that may in due time serve as biomarkers of epilepsy in an effort to potentially inspire the researchers towards the development of reliable prognostic biomarkers for epilepsy.
Making the Patient Your Partner: Communication Skills for Doctors and Other Caregivers

Dissatisfaction with Relationships with Patients A Collaborative Model for Relating to Patients Empathic Listening: Applications and Benefits Roadblocks to Patient Communication Self-Disclosure Skills for Health Care Professionals Dealing Effectively with Conflicts Helping Patients Cope with an Adverse Diagnosis Special Problems Dealing with Aids Patients Helping Patients Maintain Hope Helping Patients Find Meaning Helping the Terminal Patient Other Applications of Interpersonal Skills
Factors Contributing to Substance Misuse Treatment Completion among Native Hawaiians, Other Pacific Islanders, and Asian Americans

Abstract Background: Research on substance abuse treatment completion (SATC) among Asian Americans and Native Hawaiian and Other Pacific Islanders (NHOPIs) is extremely limited despite growing concern of SA among these groups. Objectives: This study examined predictors of SATC among and within Asian, NHOPI, and White racial groups. Methods: 129,939 cases from the SA and Mental Health Services, Treatment Episode Data Set-Discharges-2016 were used in this study. Logistic regressions were employed to examine the differential impact of race on SATC and to investigate the moderating effect of race on the relationship between socioeconomic factors, type of substance used, and type of treatment setting on SATC. Results: NHOPIs were less likely to complete SA treatment than Whites. Within-group analysis indicated that NHOPIs who were in outpatient non-intensive treatment were more likely to complete treatment compared to ones in inpatient (more than 30 days), and outpatient intensive settings. In contrast, Asians and Whites in outpatient non-intensive treatment settings were less likely to complete compared to all other types of treatment settings. Older adults for Whites were more likely to complete treatment compared with younger adults. Age was not a significant predictor of SATC for Asians and NHOPIs. Asian and NHOPI methamphetamine users were less likely to complete treatment compared with White users. Conclusion/Importance: Findings highlight the importance of disaggregating Asians and NHOPIs in future SA studies to better understand how specific factors are relevant to each group, and to guide the development of cultural and race-informed treatments for these groups.
Study of Anxiety Symptoms in Mothers of ADHD Children

Background: Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is one of the most common childhood onset psychiatric disorders that is characterized by inattention, hyperactivity and impulsivity. ADHD can affect social, cognitive and academic performance of children. All these impairments of psychosocial functioning can affect the quality of life of both patients and their families. Based on that, it is suggested that parents, especially mothers of ADHD children, display higher levels of depression and anxiety. Aim of the work: This study aimed to compare anxiety symptoms in the mothers with ADHD children with control group. Patients and Methods: Fifty mothers of the ADHD children as study group and fifty mothers with children without any psychiatric disorder as control group. All were evaluated with to a semi-structured interview and Taylor Manifest Anxiety Scale. Results: This study showed that 19 in mothers of study group (32%) had no anxiety symptoms while 31(68%) had anxiety symptoms and 13 (26%) had above sever anxiety. In the control group 35 (70%) had no anxiety and 15(30%) had anxiety symptoms while 3 (6%) had above sever anxiety. There was statistically significant difference between the two groups (p value = 0 .05). There was no significant relation between intensity of maternal anxiety and the intensity of ADHD symptoms in their children. Conclusion: The present study suggested that the presence and intensity of anxiety symptoms in mothers of ADHD children are higher than the control group and there was no significant association with ADHD symptoms in children.
A Comparative Study between Intravenous Fentanyl and Intravenous Lidocaine on Attenuation of Hemodynamic Pressor Responses to Laryngoscopic Intubation: A Prospective Cohort Study, Ethiopia

Introduction: Laryngoscopic intubation is an insertion of endotracheal tube into the trachea for maintenance of airway during general anesthesia. Smooth intubation requires attenuation of pressor responses and maintenance of baseline hemodynamic stability. The primary outcome of this study is to compare intravenous fentanyl and lidocaine as an anesthetics adjuvant on attenuation of hemodynamic pressor responses to Laryngoscopic intubation in elective surgical adult patients. Methods: This prospective cohort study recruits 114 patients who underwent elective surgery under general anesthesia with laryngoscopy and endotracheal tube intubation. The study was conducted from January 1, 2018 to March 30, 2018. Systemic random sampling technique was used to select the study participants. Those patients that received intravenous fentanyl 2 micrograms per kilogram three minutes before intubation as an anesthetics adjuvant are considered as Fentanyl-group (group F). The Lidocaine-group (group L) was those patients who receive 2% intravenous lidocaine 1.5 milligrams per kilogram three minutes before intubation as anesthetics adjuvant. Hemodynamic parameters (heart rate and blood pressure) and other variables were documented starting from 3 minutes before intubation to 5 minutes after intubation. Results: The mean heart rate at first minute after intubation was significantly lower in fentanyl group (98.91 ± 15.6 beats per minute (bpm)) compared to lidocaine (107 ± 15.45 bpm), t (112) = 2.8, p = 0.006. Systolic blood pressure was also significantly lower in fentanyl group (141.9 ± 18.9 millimeters of mercury (mmHg)) compared to lidocaine (150 ± 18.098 mmHg), t (112) = 2.45, p = 0.016 at first minute after intubation. At third minute after intubation, heart rate was significantly lower in fentanyl group compared to lidocaine, t (112), p = 0.037. No difference was in heart rate and blood pressure among the group at 5th minute after intubation (p > 0.05). Conclusion and Recommendations: Fentanyl was better on attenuation of hemodynamic pressor responses to laryngoscopic intubation when compared to lidocaine. Therefore, using fentanyl pre-operatively to attenuate pressor responses especially during intubation is important.
The Effect of Electronic Systems on Minimizing Errors in Family Medicine Clinics

Objectives: To assess the efficacy of implementing an electronic health record (EHR) system in reducing the rates of medical errors (MEs) in a Saudi outpatient clinic. Methods: A descriptive, cross-sectional study was conducted over one month on two phases: phase I (pre-EHR) and phase II (post-EHR) in 2009 and 2019, respectively. In both phases, all healthcare providers (HCPs) and employees working at the Family medicine clinic, the pharmacy and the laboratory at King Abdul Aziz Residential City Center, Riyadh, Saud Arabia, were invited to report the experienced errors during their daily work activities. A specificallydesigned error note sheet was used to collect MEs allocated to 10 main categories. Results: Prescription errors (69.3%), medication errors (13.4%) and documentation errors (6.6%) were the most frequent MEs in phase I, while communication errors, documentation errors and medication errors (38.2%, 18.7%, and 14.7%, respectively) were prevalent in phase II. As compared to manual recording, EHR system implementation reduced prescription errors (from 69.8% to 3.0%, p<0.001), medication errors (13.5% to 3.2%, p<0.001), and professionalism errors (1.9% to 0.3%, p<0.001), and completely eliminated case note missing (p<0.001) and clerical errors (p<0.001). However, communication errors increased significantly after EHR use as compared to the preEHR period (from 0.5% to 8.3%, p<0.001). Conclusion: Although the majority of MEs significantly reduced with EHR implementation, some technical and/or usability barriers to its use among HCPs should be addressed. The efficacy of relevant training programs and statistical models aimed at reducing the rates of increased/unaffected MEs are to be investigated in future Saudibased studies. Background Error is an inevitable fact of life. It entails all aspects of daily activities, in every population, and in every occupation with varying rates and a broad spectrum of consequences. Generally, an error is defined as an instance in which a sequence of physical and mental activities fail to meet and achieve the prospected outcomes, while such failures cannot be ascribed to the intervention of chance agency (1) . In essence, medical errors can lead to preventable adverse events in healthcare settings. This is true whether or not the error is evident or resulted in harmful consequences to the patient (2) . However, little is known about the relationship between errors and adverse events. Besides, according to the World Health Organization, mortality statistics in 117 countries are coded using the ICD system (ICD-11), which has some limitations in the coding of adverse events related to medical errors, http://jmscr.igmpublication. org/home/ ISSN (e)-2347-176x ISSN (p) 2455-0450 DOI: https://dx.doi. org/10.18535/jmscr/v7i9.24
Relação do consumo de alimentos in natura, processados e ultra processados com gênero, idade e dados antropométricos

Observa-se o crescente aumento no consumo de alimentos processados, ultraprocessados e excesso de peso na populacao, por esse motivo objetivou-se identificar a relacao do consumo de alimentos de acordo com o grau de processamento, com genero, idade e dados antropometricos de adultos e idosos de um ambulatorio de nutricao do interior do Rio Grande do Sul. Trata-se de um estudo quantitativo transversal, com 178 individuos. Utilizaram-se dados de peso, altura, circunferencia abdominal (CA) e circunferencia do pescoco (CP). Para verificacao do consumo alimentar considerou-se um recordatorio alimentar de 24 horas, e calculou-se a quantidade calorica total e de macronutrientes utilizando o Software de Nutricao DietWin Plus versao 2013. O consumo medio de alimentos in natura, processados e ultraprocessados foi 51,9%, 19,6% e 28,4%, respectivamente. A CA e CP aumentadas, o sobrepeso e obesidade foram verificadas em 87,6%, 84,3%, 15,7% e 64% dos individuos, respectivamente. Percebeu-se que quanto maior o peso do individuo, maior o percentual de lipideos provenientes de alimentos processados (p=0,007). Os homens apresentaram consumo significativamente maior de calorias totais (p=0,001) provenientes de alimentos processados, e lipideos (p=0,022) de alimentos ultraprocessados. Outros estudos demonstraram um crescimento no consumo de alimentos processados, ultraprocessados e excesso de peso, podendo resultar em maleficios a saude e qualidade de vida das pessoas. Conclui-se que a maioria dos individuos apresentou excesso de peso e risco cardiovascular, o consumo de alimentos processados foi relacionado com CP aumentada e os individuos com excesso de peso foram relacionados com maior consumo de lipideos provenientes dos alimentos processados.
Evaluation of the Pharmacokinetic-Pharmacodynamic relationship, Metabolism and Plasma Protein Binding of the novel antitumor agent, 2-Methoxyestradiol (2ME2), following oral administration in patients with solid tumors.

EVALUATION OF THE PHARMACOKINETIC-PHARMACODYNAMIC RELATIONSHIP, METABOLISM & PLASMA PROTEIN BINDING OF THE NOVEL ANTITUMOR AGENT, 2-METHOXYESTRADIOL (2ME2), FOLLOWING ORAL ADMINISTRATION IN PATIENTS WITH SOLID TUMORS By Nehal J. Lakhani, M.B; B.S., Ph.D. A dissertation submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy at Virginia Commonwealth University. Virginia Commonwealth University, 2005 Major Director: Jurgen Venitz, M.D., Ph.D. Associate Professor and Vice Chairman, Department of Pharmaceutics Major Director: William D. Figg, Pharm.D. , M.B.A. Head, Clinical Pharmacology Research Core & Molecular Pharmacology Section, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health The goal of this research was to determine safety, tolerability and pharmacokinetics of 2ME2 in patients with solid tumors and determine maximum tolerated dose (MTD). The following hypotheses were tested: 1) 2ME2 will be well tolerated in clinic when given orally and will have quantifiable effects on the ex vivo markers of angiogenesis and
MELATONIN AMELIORATES DECREASE IN RAT GASTROCNEMIUS MUSCLE CATALASE ACTIVITY INDUCED BY CARBON TETRACHLORIDE

Skeletal muscle tissue is known to be susceptible to oxidative tissue damage that accompanies different disorders. Carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) is dangerous chemical that is used to mimic disorders, in experimental animals, related to reactive oxygen species induced tissue damage. It is well established that antioxidants, both natural and synthetic ones, are able to alleviate tissue damage caused by reactive oxygen species. The aim of the present study was to determine the effects of melatonin (MLT), a strong naturally occurring antioxidant, on changes in Wistar rat skeletal muscle catalase activity acutely induced by CCl4. Gastrocnemius muscle tissue, in which catalase activity was determined, was obtained from three groups of animals i.e. control (untreated), CCl4 treated and MLT and CCl4 group. The results revealed statistically significant decrease in muscle tissue catalase activity in rats exposed to CCl4, while in the group that received MLT and CCl4 this decrease was insignificant. The protective activity of MLT could be contributed to its different mechanisms since it is known to directly scavenge free radicals, increase tissue antioxidant capacity and to up-regulate antioxidant enzyme gene expression.
Pentraxin 3: A Potential Novel Predictor for Neonatal Pulmonary Hypertension

BACKGROUND: Persistent pulmonary hypertension of the newborn (PPHN) is a serious neonatal problem which has a high mortality rate even with advanced modes of mechanical ventilation. Pentraxin 3 is one of the long pentraxins, which plays an essential role in regulation of cell proliferation and angiogenesis. AIM: This study aims to assess serum pentraxin 3 levels in neonates with pulmonary arterial hypertension and compare them in those who have other congenital heart diseases and healthy neonates. Also, we intended to evaluate serum levels of CRP as a mediator of inflammation in the studied groups. METHODS: The study is a case-control study. Cases were recruited from El Galaa Teaching Hospital, classified into three groups; each group had thirty cases. The first one: cases with pulmonary hypertension (PHT), the second one: cases with congenital heart diseases (CHD) without pulmonary hypertension and the third group included healthy neonates. All participants were subjected to full history taking and full clinical examination. Diagnosis of congenital heart disease and pulmonary hypertension was made according to echocardiographic findings by pediatric cardiologist using echocardiography machine. Laboratory investigations included measurement of serum pentraxin 3, Routine CBC, CRP. RESULTS: This study found that the mean serum pentraxin 3 in PHT neonates was significantly higher than that of the control and CHD neonates (p ≤ 0.001, p = 0.02 respectively). Also, the mean Pentraxin3 of the CHD neonates was significantly higher than that of the control (p = 0.06). Also, the mean CRP of the PHT neonates was significantly higher than that of the control (p = 0.01). Regression analysis showed that Pentraxin3 was the main predictor of PAP (P = 0.01). CONCLUSION: Serum pentraxin 3 is significantly elevated in neonates with pulmonary hypertension, so measurement of pentraxin 3 levels in neonates may be valuable as a predictor for pulmonary hypertension in neonates.
Sygdomshåndtering af diabetes type 1 på Facebook: Et observationsstudie

➤ This study sets out to investigate the users’ perspective on participating in a Facebook group created for and run by a group of people diagnosed with type 1 diabetes. Data was collected using field observations from a Danish Facebook group for people diagnosed with type 1 diabetes and analyzed using an inductive content analysis. The analysis resulted in three themes: (1) Handling sickness in an online community for diabetes, (2) Cultivation of a mutual online diabetes community, and (3) The silent norms for interaction in an online community of diabetes. The investigation points to the Facebook group being useful as a means to handle life with type 1 diabetes. It appears that the experience-based knowledge, which is shared in the group, is just as important as the health professional knowledge.
The Association between Spatiotemporal Gait Asymmetry and Walking Balance in People Post Stroke

Background: Falls are a common complication post-stroke and often induce due to poor balance. Given that falls often occur during walking, it is possible that gait patterns influence balance during walking. Walking post-stroke is frequently spatiotemporally asymmetric, which may reduce walking balance. The aim of this study was to determine the relationship between gait asymmetry and walking balance in persons with chronic stroke. Methods: Fifty-four persons with chronic stroke (34 men and 20 women) with the mean age of 57.28 participated in this cross-sectional study.Participants walked at their self-selected speed to calculate gait asymmetry ratios for stance time, swing time, and step length. The data were collected using a conventional camera with a sampling frequency of 60 Hz. Reflective markers were attached to the heel and toe regions. Participants also performed walking balance tests including Functional Gait Assessment (FGA) and Mini Balance Evaluation System Test (Mini-BESTest). Pearson correlation test was used to determine the relationships between gait asymmetry and walking balance. Results: The mean ± standard deviation values of stance, swing and step asymmetry ratios and FGA and Mini-BESTest were 1.2 ± 0.11, 1.43 ± 0.24, 1.25 ± 0.15, 24.11 ± 2.93 and 22.87 ± 2.29, respectively. Increased FGA and Mini-BESTest scores were related to decreased swing (r = -0.64, P ≤ 0.001 and, r = -0.71, P ≤ 0.0001, respectively) and step asymmetry (r = -0.41, P ≤ 0.002 and, r = -0.51, P ≤ 0.001, respectively). No significant relationship was identified between FGA, and Mini-BESTest and stance asymmetry (r = -0.25, P ≤ 0.06 and r = -0.23, P ≤ 0.08 respectively). Conclusion: According to the current results spatiotemporal gait asymmetry may be related to decreased balance during walking in individuals with chronic stroke suggesting that rehabilitation interventions should focus specifically on ameliorating spatiotemporal gait asymmetry.