Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Derivatives of molecular surface area and volume: Simple and exact analytical formulas

The computational effort of biomolecular simulations can be significantly reduced by means of implicit solvent models in which the energy generally contains a correction depending on the surface area and/or the volume of the molecule. In this article, we present simple derivation of exact, easy‐to‐use analytical formulas for these quantities and their derivatives with respect to atomic coordinates. In addition, we provide an efficient, linear‐scaling algorithm for the construction of the power diagram required for practical implementation of these formulas. Our approach is implemented in a C++ header‐only template library. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Comput Chem, 2011
In early rheumatoid arthritis, patients with a good initial response to methotrexate have excellent 2-year clinical outcomes, but radiological progression is not fully prevented: data from the methotrexate responders population in the SWEFOT trial

Objective To investigate the 2-year clinical and radiological outcomes of patients with early rheumatoid arthritis (RA; symptom duration <1 year) who had initially responded well to methotrexate monotherapy. Methods In the SWEFOT trial, all 487 patients started methotrexate (target dose 20 mg/week). After 3–4 months, 147 had low disease activity, 28-joint based disease activity score (DAS28) ≤3.2. These patients were not randomly selected but were followed in regular care for 2 years. Clinical outcomes and radiographic progression according to the van der Heijde modified Sharp (SvdH) score were analysed. Results The majority of the 147 patients continued on methotrexate monotherapy. After 1 and 2 years, DAS28 remission was achieved in 59.6% and 71.8% and mean observed DAS28 values were 2.53 and 2.25, respectively. Despite the favourable clinical course, a proportion of the patients progressed radiographically with a mean (SD) increase in the SvdH score after 2 years of 3.90 (6.84). There was no significant difference in progression between patients in DAS28 remission versus not in remission (p=0.73). At baseline, approximately half the patients had no radiographic damage, while after 2 years the proportion was approximately 20%. Conclusion Most early RA patients who achieve low disease activity after 3–4 months of methotrexate monotherapy continue to have low disease activity during 2 years follow-up, and additional treatment is needed infrequently. Some radiological progression occurs in most patients, and may be marked or severe in some, even despite sustained DAS28 remission. Close monitoring for radiological progression is thus warranted.
Assessment of the Effectiveness of Extracorporeal Shock Wave Therapy (ESWT) For Soft Tissue Injuries (ASSERT): An Online Database Protocol

Background Soft tissue injuries and tendinopathies account for large numbers of chronic musculoskeletal disorders. Extracorporeal shockwave therapy (ESWT) is popular, and effective in the management of chronic tendon conditions in the elbow, shoulder, and pain at and around the heel. Methods/Design Ethical approval was granted from the South East London Research Ethics Committee to implement a database for the Assessment of Effectiveness of Extracorporeal Shock Wave Therapy for Soft Tissue Injuries (ASSERT) to prospectively collect information on the effectiveness of ESWT across the UK. All participants will give informed consent. All clinicians follow a standardised method of administration of the ESWT. The primary outcome measures are validated outcome measures specific to the condition being treated. A Visual Analogue Score for pain and the EuroQol will be completed alongside the condition specific outcome tool at baseline, 3, 6, 12 and 24 months post treatment. Discussion The development of the ASSERT database will enable the evaluation of the effectiveness of ESWT for patients suffering from chronic conditions (plantar fasciopathy, tennis elbow, Achilles tendinopathy, greater trochanter pain syndrome and patellar tendinopathy). The results will aid the clinicians in the decision making process when managing these patients.
Playing Our Game: Why China's Rise Doesn't Threaten the West . By Edward S. Steinfeld. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2010. 280 pp. $27.95 (cloth); $21.95 (paper)

present demonstrate well the paradoxical nature of the Chinese media. Overall, this book represents a successful attempt to interpret the Chinese media landscape in the new media era with an effective illustration of recent major cases. However, more social dynamics and tensions within the wider context of Chinese society should have been taken into account in interpreting and illustrating the reality. In addition, the authors all accept the premise that the technology of the Internet does indeed matter for the Chinese media and society. Such a premise more or less ignores the impacts of human use of the Internet. That is to say, the extent to which the technology of the Internet can have positive implications for the Chinese media, which is struggling to balance tensions between the market and the party-state, really depends on how this technology is used by particular individuals and institutions and for what purposes. This would require the book to move its emphasis from a macro to a micro level that stresses individuals’ use of the internet and thus reveals a more nuanced and detailed picture of media freedom and autonomy in contemporary China.
Impact of End‐Stage Renal Disease and Dialysis on Glycemic Control

Abnormal glycemic control in patients with advanced chronic renal diseases has been recognized for almost 90 years (1). Nondiabetic patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD) often have mild fasting hyperglycemia and abnormal glucose tolerance manifested as abnormal glycemic responses during oral and intravenous glucose tolerance tests. Some patients maintain normoglycemia at the expense of hyperinsulinemia (2). On the other hand, spontaneous hypoglycemia is a complication in both nondiabetic and diabetic patients with ESRD (3). Factors affecting glycemic control in ESRD patients are listed in Table 1.
El Argumento Empresarial de la RSE: 9 Casos de América Latina y el Caribe

En los ultimos anos, el tema de la responsabilidad social de la empresa (RSE) ha adquirido gran relevancia en el mundo entero y en particular en los paises de America Latina y del Caribe. Esta publicacion pretende enriquecer el debate sobre la RSE en America Latina y el Caribe y sirve para que las empresas tengan una mejor apreciacion del potencial impacto que las actividades responsables tienen sobre los beneficios y no solo sobre los costos.
Unequal error protected transmission with dynamic classification in H.264/AVC

As an efficient error resilient tool in H.264, FMO (Flexible Macroblock Ordering) still has 2 disadvantages: (1) unacceptable bitrate overhead, and (2) unsuitable for widely used UEP (unequal error protected) transmission. In this paper, to overcome these 2 disadvantages, a dynamic FMO classification (DFMOC) is proposed. For disadvantage(l), in DFMOC since lots of MBs in the same slice are placed together, thus the bitrate overhead is smaller. For disadvantage^), DFMOC generates 2 slices and each of them takes unequal priority in transmission by the large and small motion area extraction. After employing LDPC coding for UEP transmission strategy, experiment shows DFMOC has a better error robustness while still keeps less bitrate overhead compared with traditional FMO mode: the PSNR has 1 to 2 db outperforming and the bitrate overhead keeps no more than 5% which is about a half of traditional FMO overhead.
A novel color restoration method using color projection

The representative method of color enhancement is the retinex based on human visual model. Although low contrast images are enhanced by the retinex, there exists color shifting problem that color tone change. In order to overcome the color shifting problem, a color restoration has been proposed. To this end, we propose a novel color restoration method using color projection technique. The proposed method consists of two steps. In the first step, an input image with low contrast is enhanced by a multi-scale retinex method. In the final step, by projecting each pixel of the enhanced image into the corresponding one of the input image, color restoration is performed. In experimental results, the proposed method has shown better performances of color restoration, compared with the existing method.
Morphology and migration of cultured schwann cells transplanted into the fimbria and hippocampus in adult rats

Schwann cells cultured from neonatal rat peripheral nerve were injected into the fimbria and hippocampus of syngeneic adult rats by a microtransplantation technique which causes minimal disturbance to the host brain structure at the site of implantation, and thus allows the grafted cells to come into immediate contact with intact host tissue.
ELiRF-UPV en TASS 2016: Análisis de Sentimientos en Twitter

This paper describes the participation of the ELiRF research group of the Universitat Politecnica de Valencia at TASS2015 Workshop. This workshop is a satellite event of the XXXI edition of the Annual Conference of the Spanish Society for Natural Language Processing. This work describes the approaches used for all the tasks of the workshop, the results obtained and a discussion of these results.Our participation has focused primarily on exploring different approaches for combining a set of systems. Using this technique we have improved the performance of previous editions.
Flight speeds of three species of Neotropical bats: Glossophaga soricina, Natalus stramineus, and Carollia subrufa

ABSTRACT Flight speeds of Pallas's long-tongued bat (Glossophaga soricina), the Mexican funnel-eared bat (Natalus stramineus), and the gray short-tailed bat (Carollia subrufa) were measured in Colima, Mexico, during January 2006. Bats from an abandoned mine tunnel were transported to a nearby simulated flyway, where speeds were determined over a known distance. For G. soricina, average speeds for 26 males and 14 females were 4.85 and 4.80 m/s, respectively (P > 0.05), which are similar to those reported by other investigators. Averages for N. stramineus were 2.84 m/s for 40 males and 2.39 m/s for 23 females, values that were statistically different (P < 0.05) despite the fact that body masses for the sexes were similar. For C. subrufa, three males and three females averaged 3.67 and 3.52 m/s, respectively. Speeds were unrelated to body mass for any of the species. Speeds for N. stramineus and C. subrufa are the first reported, whereas those for G. soricina are the first recorded under near-field conditions.
Shipping Departments vs. Shipping Pacemakers: Using Thematic Analysis to Improve Tagging Accuracy

Thematic analysis is best manifested by contrasting collocations1 such as "shipping pacemakers" vs. "shipping departments". While in the first pair, the pacemakers are being shipped, in the second one, the departments are probably engaged in some shipping activity, but are not being shipped. Text pre-processors, intended to inject corpus-based intuition into the parsing process, must adequately distinguish between such cases. Although statistical tagging [Church et al., 1989; Meteer et al., 1991; Brill, 1992; Cutting et al., 1992] has attained impressive results overall, the analysis of multiple-contentword strings (i.e., collocations) has presented a weakness, and caused accuracy degradation. To provide acceptable coverage (i.e., 90% of collocations), a tagger must have accessible a large database (i.e., 250,000 pairs) of individually analyzed collocations. Consequently, training must be based on a corpus ranging well over 50 million words. Since such a large corpus does not exist in a tagged form, training must be from raw corpus. In this paper we present an algorithm for text tagging based on thematic analysis. The algorithm yields high-accuracy results. We provide empirical results: The program NLcp (NL corpus processing) acquired a 250,000 thematic-relation database through the 85- million word Wall-Street Journal Corpus. It was tested over the Tipster 66,000-word Joint-Venture corpus.
Tiger oder Bettvorleger? Die baltischen Staaten nach der Krise

Die drei baltischen Staaten Estland, Lettland und Litauen galten bisher als Musterlander fur den erfolgreichen Umbau einer sozialistischen Wirtschaftsordnung zu einer funktionstuchtigen Marktwirtschaft. In nur wenigen Jahren nach ihrer Unabhangigkeit von der Sowjetunion im Jahr 1991 gelang ihnen der Aufbau stabiler Staats- und Wirtschaftsordnungen sowie schon im Jahr 2004 die Aufnahme in die Europaische Union (EU) als Vollmitglieder. Estland wird im Jahr 2011 zur Kronung seiner Integration mit der Einfuhrung des Euros den europaischen „Ritterschlag“ erhalten.Doch ist die globale Wirtschaftskrise der Jahre 2008 und 2009 keinesfalls spurlos an den erfolgsverwohnten baltischen Staaten vorbeigegangen – im Gegenteil. Dem steilen Aufstieg folgte ein umso tieferer Fall, die „Tiger“ scheinen im Spiegel der Statistik als „Bettvorleger“ hart gelandet zu sein. Sie weisen starkere Bremsspuren in der wirtschaftlichen Entwicklung auf als viele etablierte Industrielander Westeuropas oder als die Mehrzahl der mittel- und osteuropaischen Reformlander. Daher stellt sich die Frage, was im Baltikum schief gelaufen ist. Hat die Weltwirtschaftskrise das baltische Wirtschaftswunder beendet und was ist in Zukunft von Estland, Lettland und Litauen zu erwarten?
The quality of nursing in intensive care: a development of a rating scale

Background and aim: The evaluation of nursing care is a topic of great interest and especially crucial in intensive care contexts. However, inside the Italian scientific scenario it is still difficult to measure NSO, or Nursing Sensitive Outcomes, due to the lack of indicators or scales shared by the nursing community. The aim of the present study was therefore to develop a Quality Nursing Care Scale for the Intensive Care (ICU-I-QNCS). Method: From the literature review of the Intensive Care Unit (ICU) quality standards, they were generated 63 items. Then 43 experts assessed them through the Content Validity Index (CVI). Items with a CVI score <0.90 were removed from the scale. Results: All the 63 items have achieved an average score CVI equal or greater than 0.90. 5 item reached an optimal average CVI score (=1); 23 showed an average CVI score between 0.90-0.94 and last 35 were between 0.95-0.99. Conclusions: The ICU-I-QNCS has obtained an acceptable CVI level and it reflects the underlying theoretical model of Doran (2002).
Protein crystallization strategies for structural genomics

Preface: We are currently living in an exciting age, where for the first time ever, human diseases are being understood at a molecular level. Protein crystallography plays a major role in this understanding because proteins, being the major machinery of living things, are often the targets for drugs. The fuction of these proteins is determined by their threedimensional structures hence a detailed understanding of protein structure is essential for rational design of therapeutic treatments. Structural genomics, or more accurately, structural proteomics, which aims to determine the structures of thousands of proteins has emerged as a direct consequence of the genome project in which the human genes and other genes have been sequenced. Structural Genomics projects worldwide are detailed in http://www.isgo. org/.
L-serine degradation in Escherichia coli K-12: cloning and sequencing of the sdaA gene

A new mutant of Escherichia coli K-12 unable to grow with L-serine, glycine, and L-leucine has been isolated by lambda plac Mu insertion and shown to be deficient in L-serine deaminase activity. The corresponding gene, sdaA, has been cloned from a prototrophic strain, and the clone has been characterized and sequenced. The evidence is consistent with the hypothesis that sdaA is the structural gene for L-serine deaminase. However, other possibilities are also considered. No significant homology with previously reported DNA or protein sequences was detected.
17 Models for host-macroparasite interactions in micromammals

Modelling the spread of infectious diseases has proved to be useful for elucidating the conditions necessary for parasite persistence, the role of disease in population regulation and the expected patterns of host-pathogen coevolution. Initially, models were applied to human infections (see, for instance, Bailey 1975). Anderson and May (1978) were among the first to use this type of model for natural animal populations, introducing also a different formulation for microand macro-parasites, to accommodate their diverse biological and epidemiological features. Microparasites characteristically increase rapidly in number when introduced into a susceptible host, and the precise count of infective agents is not only difficult to estimate, but irrelevant. In this case compartmental models are traditionally used that classify individuals in the population as either susceptible or infected or immune. Reproduction in macroparasites usually includes the production of freeliving stages that pass from one host to the next after being exposed to a series of environmental constraints. Direct reproduction rarely occurs within the definitive host, although asexual reproduction can occur in the intermediate hosts of the digenean trematodes and some cestodes. Compared to microparasites, they are relatively large, have long generation times and are immunologically characterised by a diversity of antigens. Infections tend to be chronic, leading to morbidity rather than mortality, the
Transforming activity of DNA fragments from normal human lymphocytes results from spontaneous activation of a c-Ha-ras1 gene

An activated human Ha-ras gene was present in a secondary NIH 3T3 transformant isolated after serial transfection of originally low-molecular-weight DNA fragments from normal human cells. This gene appeared to have acquired its transforming properties by a spontaneous mutation in codon 12 by substitution of a deoxythymidine residue for a deoxyguanosine residue. DNA rearrangements in the flanking sequences of the transferred Ha-ras gene were not involved in the activation of the protooncogene.
Les politiques d'éducation et de formation (1989-2002): Deuxième partie

Cette note de synthese prend en compte la lit-terature fran- caise consacree aux politiques d’education et de formation, de 1989 a 2002. Les auteurs y ont envisage l’educa tion sous l’angle des systemes scolaires et universitaires en particulier, sans oublier l’education prescolaire, periscolaire, parascolaire ainsi que l’education familiale. Cette synthese met en lumiere de quelle maniere les politiques d’education et de formation accordent ou non de l’interet a certains aspects plutot qu’a d’autres. Le parti pris des auteurs a ete de rester dans l’espace de la France, en convoquant une litterature essentiellement francaise, a l’exception de celle des travaux d’organismes internationaux, lorsqu’ils concernent l’Hexagone. La periode concernee va de la loi d’orientation du 10 juillet 1989 a celle qui met en place la validation des acquis de l’experience, en janvier 2002. Ce texte sera publie en deux parties. Cette premiere partie aborde : les determinants des politiques (les instruments techniques des politiques ; la montee de l’evaluation ; rapports de force, rapports de pouvoir) ; les politiques reactives et les politiques incitatives. La seconde partie presentera les politiques de l’ordinaire (la modernisation du service public : la part de l’education et de la formation ; la formation des enseignants ; les politiques ministerielles et interministerielles). Une chronologie detaillee conclura cette note.
Aspectos agronômicos do tomateiro “Caline Ipa 6” cultivado sob regimes hídricos em área do semiárido.

NNa Regiao Nordeste do Brasil, a instabilidade climatica e a ocorrencia de veranicos impossibilitam o cultivo adequado do tomate em todas as epocas do ano. Assim, faz-se necessario o uso da irrigacao para suprir a demanda hidrica da cultura, porem tanto o excesso como o deficit de agua no solo podem afetar a producao e a qualidade dos frutos. Nesse contexto, objetivou-se avaliar, com este trabalho, aspectos agronomicos do tomateiro “Caline IPA 6” cultivado sob diferentes taxas de reposicao hidrica em area do semiarido paraibano. O experimento foi conduzido na area experimental do Setor de Fruticultura e Ecofisiologia Vegetal da Universidade Estadual da Paraiba (UEPB), campus de Catole do Rocha (PB), onde 5 niveis de reposicao hidrica foram estudados (50, 75, 100, 125 e 150% da evapotranspiracao de referencia - ETo) no delineamento em blocos ao acaso com 4 repeticoes e 9 plantas uteis por parcela. A ETo foi estimada com base no modelo de Penman-Monteith. Avaliaram-se variaveis agronomicas e produtivas das plantas de tomate. As lâminas de irrigacao influenciaram significativamente as caracteristicas analisadas, sendo constatado que os aspectos agronomicos do tomateiro “Caline IPA 6” sao afetados positivamente com lâminas de irrigacao acima de 100% da necessidade da cultura. Ja a variacao na reposicao hidrica no consumo do tomateiro afeta os componentes de producao com maior intensidade no numero de frutos e na producao por planta.
Toxoplasmosis en el Inmunosuprimido

La toxoplasmosis cerebral (TC) es la principal causa de lesiones neurologicas en los pacientes infectados por el VIH (1). Su diagnostico es de crucial importancia pues el tratamiento es altamente efectivo si es tratada a tiempo. En un estudio reciente se encontro que la prevalencia de anticuerpos IgG anti-Toxoplasma en pacientes colombianos es de 63 %, lo cual demostro la alta exposicion a Toxoplasma en la poblacion de inmunosuprimidos y la necesidad de enfatizar la profilaxis primaria y secundaria para esta infeccion (2). De otra parte la TC fue la primera manifestacion de infeccion por VIH en 66 % de los pacientes que consultaron al Hospital San Juan de Dios de Santafe de Bogota (3). El tratamiento llevo a la mejoria en 13 casos (73 %) y la mortalidad fue del 27 %. La TC en nuestra poblacion es una complicacion frecuente a pesar de contar con profilaxis antibiotica (3).
Seasonal variation in suicide: is there a sex difference?

Synopsis Seasonal variation in suicide in Italy for the years 1969–81 has been assessed in males and females by means of harmonic analysis. Cyclical fluctuations in the number of suicides, reasonably consistent over the 13 years of the study, have been observed in both sexes. Seasonal harmonics accounted for 65·3 and 48·4% of the variance in male and female suicides respectively. While in males the only important seasonal harmonic was the first (one cycle per year), in females there was an important first harmonic and a second harmonic (two cycles per year). In both sexes the peak of the first harmonic occurred in May, while in females the subsidiary peak occurred in October–November.
Field testing for cosmic ray soft errors in semiconductor memories

This paper presents a review of experiments performed by IBM to investigate the causes of soft errors in semiconductor memory chips under field test conditions. The effects of alpha-particles and cosmic rays are separated by comparing multiple measurements of the soft-error rate (SER) of samples of memory chips deep underground and at various altitudes above the earth. The results of case studies on four different memory chips show that cosmic rays are an important source of the ionizing radiation that causes soft errors. The results of field testing are used to confirm the accuracy of the modeling and the accelerated testing of chips.