Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
DIFFERENCES IN THE MUSCLE ACTIVITY FOR BASEBALL HITTERS OF VARYING SKILL

OF THESIS DIFFERENCES IN THE MUSCLE ACTIVITY FOR BASEBALL HITTERS OF VARYING SKILL INTRODUCTION: Muscle activity and timing of the swing phases may contribute to the differences we see in athletes at different skill levels. The purpose of this study is to analyze the differences between mean muscle activity, peak muscle active and time to peak muscle activity for select muscles in the lower extremity as well as the differences between start times for swing phases and bat velocity prior to impact for a skilled and recreational group. METHODS: Twelve healthy subjects were split into two groups based on competitive level and analyzed hitting off of a tee. RESULTS: No significant differences were seen between muscle activity or the start time for the landing and swinging between groups. The skilled group did have a faster time to peak muscle activation for the front leg biceps femoris (p = 0.024), start the shifting (p = 0.12) and stepping (p = 0.11) phases significantly earlier as well as had a higher bat velocity prior to ball contact (p = 0.42) than the recreational group. CONCLUSION: Mean and peak muscle activity trends to be lower for skilled hitters than recreational hitters. Evidence of the skilled group starting the shifting and stepping phase earlier as well as having a higher bat velocity prior to impact could be important in separating hitters into skill level.
CLASSIFICATION PROCEDURES FOR EXPANSIVE SOILS

Most of the national codes of practice do not give characterization and classification of expansive soils, in spite of expansive soils being distributed very widely over almost all geographical locations in the world, causing distress to the structures founded on them and discomfort to the users. A simple user-friendly approach based on the free swell ratio, defined as the ratio of the sediment volume of soil in distilled water to that in carbon tetrachloride or kerosene, is formulated considering the compatibility of the results with oedometer free swell tests and the soil clay mineralogy. Statistical illustrations are provided which clearly indicate that while the assessment of soil expansivity based on index properties is an overestimation, there is a consistency in the classifications based on oedometer test results and the proposed approach. It is recommended that simple approaches such as the one proposed here to classify the expansive nature of soils are entered into standard codes of practice.
Spatial Distribution of Volcanic Hotspots and Paterae on Io: Implications for Tidal Heating Models and Magmatic Pathways

Io, the innermost of Jupiter's Galilean satellites, is the most volcanically active body in the Solar. System. Io's global mean heat flow is approximately 2 W/square m, which is approximately 20 times larger than on Earth. High surface temperatures concentrate within "hotspots" and, to date, 172 Ionian hotspots have been identified by spacecraft and Earth-based telescopes. The Laplace resonance between Io, Europa, and Ganymede maintains these satellites in noncircular orbits and causes displacement of their tidal bulges as the overhead position of Jupiter changes for each moon. Gravitational interactions between Jupiter and Io dominate the orbital evolution of the Laplacian system and generate enormous heat within to as tidal energy is dissipated. If this energy were transferred out of Io at the same rate as it is generated, then the associated surface heat flux would be 2.24 +/- 0.45 W/square m. This estimate is in good agreement with observed global heat flow, but to better constrain tidal dissipation mechanisms and infer how thermal energy is transferred to Io's surface, it is critical to closely examine the spatial distribution of volcanic features. End-member tidal dissipation models either consider that heating occurs completely in the mantle, or completely in the asthenosphere. Mixed models typically favor one-third mantle and two-thirds asthenosphere heating. Recent models also consider the effects of mantle-asthenosphere boundary permeability and asthenospheric instabilities. Deep-mantle heating models predict maximum surface heat flux near the poles, whereas asthenosphere heating models predict maxima near the equator-particularly in the Sub-Jovian and Anti-Jovian hemispheres, with smaller maxima occurring at orbit tangent longitudes. Previous studies have examined the global distribution of Ionian hotspots and patera (i.e., irregular or complex craters with scalloped edges that are generally interpreted to be volcanic calderas), but in this study, we combine a new geospatial analysis technique with an improved hotspot and paterae database .
About the Teaching Strategies of Modality in the Classroom

The article investigates the modality of verbs, words, expressions, and the methodology of teaching them in the auditorium. First of all, the author gives some information about the category of modality. She states the opinions of different scientists about the modality in different languages. For instance, the names of the scientists who investigated the category of modality such as O. Musayev, F. Jahangirov, I. Crilova, Y. Slinin, Y. Zvereva, I. Rickman and others have been referred to in the article. She gives the division of the modal verbs according to O. Musayev’s classification in the English language. They are: primary modal verbs, and secondary modal verbs. Each of these modal verbs has been analyzed through the examples by the author. Besides modal verbs, there are words, expressions which can express modality too. These facts are also stated in the article. The author considers it noteworthy to mention that the usage of modality of words, expressions is not generally found in the textbooks which are studied in the auditorium of Azerbaijani students. For this reason this usage of modality is considered to be challenging by the students as they don’t have much information about them. So, she gives the methodology of teaching modality in the auditorium. The methodology can be helpful for the lecturers to teach the category of modality. The examples used by the author can illustrate the exact model of the modal words, expressions, etc.
Type Ia supernovae from exploding oxygen-neon white dwarfs

Context. The progenitor problem of Type Ia supernovae (SNe Ia) is still unsolved. Most of these events are thought to be explosions of carbon-oxygen (CO) white dwarfs (WDs), but for many of the explosion scenarios, particularly those involving the externally triggered detonation of a sub-Chandrasekhar mass WD (sub-MCh WD), there is also a possibility of having an oxygen-neon (ONe) WD as progenitor. Aims. We simulate detonations of ONe WDs and calculate synthetic observables from these models. The results are compared with detonations in CO WDs of similar mass and observational data of SNe Ia. Methods. We perform hydrodynamic explosion simulations of detonations in initially hydrostatic ONe WDs for a range of masses below the Chandrasekhar mass (MCh), followed by detailed nucleosynthetic postprocessing with a 384-isotope nuclear reaction network. The results are used to calculate synthetic spectra and light curves, which are then compared with observations of SNe Ia. We also perform binary evolution calculations to determine the number of SNe Ia involving ONe WDs relative to the number of other promising progenitor channels. Results. The ejecta structures of our simulated detonations in sub-MCh ONe WDs are similar to those from CO WDs. There are, however, small systematic deviations in the mass fractions and the ejecta velocities. These lead to spectral features that are systematically less blueshifted. Nevertheless, the synthetic observables of our ONe WD explosions are similar to those obtained from CO models. Conclusions. Our binary evolution calculations show that a significant fraction (3‐10%) of potential progenitor systems should contain an ONe WD. The comparison of our ONe models with our CO models of comparable mass ( 1.2 M ) shows that the less blueshifted spectral features fit the observations better, although they are too bright for normal SNe Ia.
The protective role of transcription factor NRF2 against liver injury in human and mouse models of Hereditary Hemochromatosis

Hereditary hemochromatosis (HH) is a group of primary genetic disorders of iron homeostasis. HFE-HH, the most common form of HH in populations of northern European ancestry, is mainly caused by a C282Y mutation in the HFE gene. HH is characterized by hyperabsorption of dietary iron, which is delivered to plasma leading to increased transferrin saturation and tissue iron accumulation. The liver accumulates large amounts of iron and the excess free iron is capable of generating reactive oxygen species, which damage the tissue. NRF2 is the key transcription factor involved in the antioxidant response, so we hypothesized that it can act as a modifier of the clinical expression of HH. In this study, we aimed to: i) determine the effect of Nrf2 suppression in a model of chronic iron overload that mimics HH, the Hfe mouse; ii) identify polymorphisms/genotypes in the human NRF2 gene promoter that may influence HH penetrance in HFE C282Y patients. Female WT, Nrf2, Hfe and Nrf2/Hfe mice on a C57BL/6J background at 24 months of age were fasted overnight for blood and organ collection. Aged Nrf2/Hfe mice presented lower body weight, mild anemia and hypoglycemia at starvation. Mild liver inflammation was detected in mice of the four genotypes, possibly as a consequence of aging. NRF2 proved to be essential in the antioxidant defense, as Nrf2 and Nrf2/Hfe mice presented decreased levels of Nqo1 transcript and the GSH/GSSG ratio was significantly decreased in Nrf2 livers. Despite the similar amount of non-heme iron in Hfe and Nrf2/Hfe livers, we observed a shift in the local deposition of iron from the liver parenchyma (in Hfe mice) to sinusoidal cells (in Nrf2/Hfe mice). Necrosis, fibrosis and the number of TUNEL-positive cells were augmented in Nrf2/Hfe livers. Overall, we conclude that the suppression of NRF2 leads to spontaneous liver damage in Hfe mice, the mouse model of HH. In the human study, DNAs of patients HFE C282Y were genotyped for Rs35652124, Rs670664, Rs150648896 and Rs6721961 SNPs in the NRF2 promoter region. Our results indicate that none of the SNPs alone prompts the patients to develop a specific clinical manifestation, but patients carrying the allele C in Rs35652124 SNP are somehow protected from clinical manifestations of HH. In conclusion, the current study shows that NRF2 has an important hepatoprotective role in the animal model of HH and suggests that gene variants may be also implicated in the clinical course of the human disease.
Glucose Deprivation Enhances the Antiproliferative Effects of Oral Hypoglycemic Biguanides in Different Molecular Subtypes of Breast Cancer: an in Vitro Study

Abstract Extensive in vitro studies have been conducted to evaluate the anticancer activity of oral hypoglycemic agents. Many of these studies experienced detrimental limitations, since they were conducted on cancer cells commonly grown in culture media consisting of extremely high concentrations of growth factors and glucose. The present study was aimed at exploring the antiproliferative effects of the commonly studied metformin and the less frequently reported phenformin oral hypoglycemic agents on different molecular subtypes of breast cancer under rich glucose and glucose deprived conditions. Our results indicate that under glucose deprived conditions, which better reflect the factual glucose-starved solid tumors in vivo, biguanides exert more antiproliferative activities against the three molecular subtypes of breast cancer cell lines examined in this study. In addition, the observed antiproliferative activities of biguanides appear to be mediated by apoptosis induction in breast cancer cells. This induction is significantly augmented under glucose deprived conditions.
Anatomical variations of posterior cerebral circulation: a comprehensive evaluation using MDCT angiography

Poster: "ECR 2013 / C-1321 / Anatomical variations of posterior cerebral circulation: a comprehensive evaluation using MDCT angiography" by: "A. Stankovic1, J. Kovac1, T. NIKOLIC1, M. Mitrovic1, G. Milicevic1, D. Stankovic1, D. Vasin1, T. Stosic-Opincal2; 1Belgrade/RS, 2Beograd/RS"
The Influence of Limited Dynamic Response of the Indicator Detector in a Swan-Ganz Catheter on the Overestimation of Cardiac Output Measurement By Means of Thermodilution

Nowadays the “gold clinical standard” of hemodynamics diagnostic and cardiac output measurements is pulmonary artery catheterization by means of the Swan-Ganz catheter and thermodilution. The method itself is sensitive to numerous disturbances which cause inaccurate results. One of the well-known disadvantages of thermodilution is the overestimation of results at low values of cardiac output. This effect may concern the limited slew rate of the thermoelement mounted at the tip of the catheter. In this paper the relationship between the dynamic response of the thermoelement and the uncertainty of cardiac output measurements by means of thermodilution has been investigated theoretically and experimentally.
The local limit theorem and some related aspects of super-critical branching processes

Let {Z„ : n = 0, 1, 2,. } be a Galton-Watson branching process with offspring p.g. f. f(s) = 2? Pis'. Assume (i) 1 <m=/'(l -) = 2r/p,<co, (¡0 If;! ft<<» and (iii) y0 =f'(q) > 0, where q is the extinction probability of the process. Let w(x) denote the density function of W, the almost sure limit of Znm~" with Z0=l, wm(x) the /-fold convolution of w(x), Pn(i,j) = P(Zn=j \ Z0 = i), 80 = (log yô1)(log m)-1 and ßo = mao'<3 + ôo\ Then for any 0<ß<ß0 and i we can find a constant C=C(i, ß) such that \m"Pn(i,J)-wu>(m-y)\ ¿ C[ßö%m-y)-1+ß-'] for all /äl. Applications to the boundary theory of the associated space time process are also discussed.
A Centroid and Relationship based Clustering for Organizing Research Papers

Finding research papers about particular topic of study is the most time consuming activity for many people including students, professors and researchers. People doing research have to search, read and analyze multiple research papers, e-books and other documents and then determine what they contain and discover knowledge from them. Huge available resources are in the form of unstructured texts format of long text pages which require a long time to process, search, read and analyze. Organizing research papers in their respective subjects or topics can facilitate the search process. We propose a new method to research paper organization and retrieval that is amenable to closely research papers and intertwined research topics. With our centroid and relationship based clustering approach, research papers are arranged and grouped within the most probable research topics or subjects. To determine topic membership, the proposed approach considers relationships such as common terms in paper title, in keywords, in referenced titles and common terms in the top frequent sentences. To solve the high dimensional problem associated with text document, only most important information of the paper is considered and we leverage on multi-word and frequent occurring phrases as the features in clustering process. Conducted experiments show that our approach is effective.
Development of Humanoid Robot Trajectories Using Polynomial Spline Wavelet Transform

movements modeling, so that the joint space trajectories, developed for a large number of humanoid robot revolute joints, would replicate movements of humans. In this development, we consider robot velocity and acceleration constraints. B-spline wavelets are used to represent joint space trajectories. However, due to humanoid robot constraints we have to limit the time-frequency domain of our model. In other words, in the spline wavelet representation of our model, we cannot include high frequency wavelet transform details. This results in a loss of integrity of robot trajectory model. We propose to measure model quality by the ratio of the energy included in the trajectory model to the total energy of the unconstraint trajectory. We call this ratio Trajectory Integrity Index (TII). 
Review: Securing Broker-Less Public/Subscribe Systems Using Identity-Based Encryption

Publish/subscribe systems has evolved as an striking communication model for building Internet-wide distributed systems by decoupling senders of messages from receivers. So far most of the research on publish/subscribe has focused on other areas such as efficient event routing, event filtering etc. Very trivial research has been published regarding securing publish/subscribe systems. In content based public subscribe systems authentication and confidentiality are basic security issues. In this paper we presents a new approach to provide confidentiality and authentication in a broker-less content-based publish/subscribe system. By using pairing based cryptography mechanism, authentication and confidentiality for public subscribe event is ensured. Additionally, an algorithm to cluster subscribers according to their subscriptions preserves a weak notion of subscription confidentiality . To enable efficient routing of encrypted events searchable encryption is provided. To support weak subscription confidentiality, multi credential routing a new event distribution method is provided. Also comprehensive analyses of different attacks on subscription confidentiality are provided. The overall methodology provides Key management for identity based encryption, cost for encryption decryption and routing based on subscription of attributes.
A Northern Territory Approach to Quantifying "Access Disadvantage" to Educational Services in Remote and Rural Australia.

The Griffith Service Access Frame (GSAF) is a model used for quantifying the access disadvantage to educational services of remote and rural areas in Australia. The model was specifically developed to assist policymakers and administrators in allocating resources. The problem with the current funding formula used by the Australian federal government is that densely populated areas secure a higher proportion of funding than those areas that are geographically isolated and have the greatest access disadvantage. The GSAF model is based on several assumptions: that there is a direct relationship between the level of services available and population-center size, that access to services is dependent upon the distance between the location of the client population and point of service, and that access to services is dependent upon the economic capacity of the community to meet the costs of overcoming distance. An access score is calculated based on population-center size, time and cost factors converted into a distance equivalent, and an index of economic resources available to a population center. A survey was conducted to assess whether the GSAF remoteness component matched educators' perceptions of the remoteness or access disadvantage of schools in the Northern Territory. Forty-nine of 60 questionnaires were returned. Results indicate that there is substantial agreement between the perceptions of school staff and the GSAF method for ranking schools for remoteness. The Northern Territory Department of Education has adopted the GSAF model for allocating Country Areas Program funding, and the Commonwealth (federal) Department of Employment, Education and Training is considering using this model for national allocation of program funding. (LP)
FATIGUE IN PATIENTS WITH SJÖGREN ’ S SYNDROME AND INTERVENTION OF TRADITIONAL HERBAL MEDICINE

Background: Fatigue is the main complaint exiting in patients with primary Sjögren’s Syndrome (pSS) but rarely addressed. Patients described it as an uncontrollable symptom of lack of energy, which has negative impacts on health related quality of life. To date, many studies have demonstrated that cytokines, depression, sleep and endocrine disturbance interrelated with pSS-related fatigue. However, the pathogenesis remains unclear. With a long history, Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) as alternative therapy has become increasingly popular among patients with various kinds of disease, especially in pSS. Based on the unique principle of therapy, practitioners have achieved a satisfactory effect on relieving disease-related symptoms with Chinese Herbal Medicine (CHM). Materials and Methods: In this article, we succinctly reviewed the highly correlated factors to pSS-related fatigue from the standpoint of western medicine. Then, from TCM perspective, we illustrated that theoretic mechanisms lead to fatigue in patients with pSS. Results: According to the theory of TCM, we concluded that CHM as complementary and alternative medicines are attractive options to alleviate pSS-related fatigue. Conclusion: In clinic, physicians should remember to inquire whether their patients are worn out easily. Combination of Yin-tonifying and Qi-tonifying CHM may be the optimal options to pSS-related fatigue.
Impact of Monetary Policy on Economic Instability in Turkey (1983 - 2003)

This article aims at revealing the effectiveness of Turkish monetary policy in controlling inflation rate and the stability of exchange rate using the rational expectation framework that incorporates the fiscal role of exchange rate. Based on quarterly data covering the period between 1983: Q4 and 2003: Q4, the analysis affirms that the effort of the Turkish monetary policy at influencing the finance of government fiscal deficit through the determination of the inflation-tax rate, to some extent, affects both the rate of inflation and the real exchange rate, thereby causing volatility in their rates. Moderate evidence emerges that inflation affects volatility of its own rate as well as the rate of real exchange.
Mucuna pruriens, Cattle and Chicken Manures Soil Amendment on Some Soil Chemical Properties and the Growth and Yield of Cabbage (Brassica oleracea)

The study assessed the effect of green manure and animal manure soil amendment on soil nutrients and the growth and yield of cabbage during the 2011 minor and 2012 major seasons. A Randomised Complete Block Design (RCBD) with three replications was used with the following treatments: 27 t ha Mucuna pruriens green manure (M), 20 t ha cattle manure (CD), 20 t ha chicken manure (CM), 14 t ha M + 10 t ha CM, 14 t ha M + 10 t ha CD, 10 t ha CM + 10 t ha CD and a control plot which had no amendment. All the amended plots showed higher increases in soil organic matter percentage, total nitrogen percentage, Exchangeable calcium, magnesium and potassium and Available phosphorus than the control treatment. pH change was not significant. The sole M treatment had the highest organic matter percentage, with the sole CM having almost higher values for other parameters. Cabbage plants from the amended treatments recorded significantly (p ≤ 0.05) higher number of cabbage leaves and plant height, larger canopy spread, higher fresh head weight (30.03t h in 2011; 40.53t hin 2012) and dry head weight (2.31t h in 2011; 3.94t hin 2012) of cabbage than plants from the unamended treatment. The sole chicken manure and its combined treatments recorded higher values of the growth and yield parameters. The CM in both years generally had higher harvest index (HI) values (2011 = 47.72%; 2012 = 69.52%). Fresh head weight of cabbage highly related with some soil nutrients. Planting season affected crop yield, the 2012 cabbage plants had values higher than their corresponding 2011 plants.