Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Tuberculosis: Efficient Methods to Study a Worldwide Human Disease

Copyright: © 2012 Vogt G. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. Tuberculosis is a major global health problem, affecting one third of the world’s population and leading to the death of more than two million people every year [1,2]. The causative agent of this devastating disease is Mycobacterium (M.) tuberculosis [3], discovered in 1882 by R. Koch [4]. For decades, extensive in vitro research on the pathogen itself has been carried out (i) on the microbiology side, to increase basic knowledge of M. tuberculosis and to decipher the characteristics (genome structure, culture conditions.) of this “slow growth Killer”[5,6], (ii) on the immunology side, to determine the fundamental biological aspects of the host pathogen co-evolution, such as the host immune response, and the mechanisms developed by the pathogen to elicit it [7,8] and (iii) on the pharmacology side, to test the antimycobacterial activity of some chemical substances [9]. This research has led to the discovery of new original targets from M. tuberculosis and the development of new drugs that are effective in vitro [10-12].
Severe Aortic and Mitral Valve Regurgitation Are Associated with von Willebrand Factor Defect.

Severe aortic stenosis can be associated with mucosal and gastrointestinal bleeding probably related to loss of high molecular weight (HMW) multimers of VWF. Possible mechanisms of this loss are enhanced proteolysis by shear-dependant metalloprotease (ADAMTS 13) of HMW multimers of VWF or increased platelet-VWF interactions leading to clearance or degradation of HMW multimers of VWF. The aim of our study was to investigate wether this high shear-stress induced loss of HMW multimers of VWF is observed in other cardiac defects associated with high pressure blood flow such as severe aortic or mitral valve regurgitation. Twenty four consecutive patients were operated on for aortic valve regurgitation (n=11) or mitral valve regurgitation (n=13). Before surgery recent mucosal bleeding was reported in 25% patients (n=5). VWF Closure Time of PFA 100® (CTADP) were prolonged in 87% of patients (n=20). The ratio of ristocetin cofactor activity to antigen and the ratio of collagen-binding activity to antigen were decreased in 28%(n=5) and 45%(n=10) of patients respectively. HMW multimers of VWF were decreased in 82 % (n=18) of patients. Six months after surgery, CTADP were normal in 71% (n=17) of patients, ratios were normal in all patients evaluable for this parameter (n=14) and HMW multimers of VWF increased in all patients as compared with preoperative value (8±2,5%vs10±2,3; p=0.04) but remain under value of control plasma in 63% (n=14) of patients. In this study we demonstrated that VWF defect can be associated with severe aortic or mitral valve regurgitation and that platelet function-analyzer closure time, abnormalities of von Willebrand factor, or both could be frequent in those valve disease and might cause mucosal bleeding.
Improving the integration of mental health services in primary health care at the macro level

Executive summary Policy context Mental disorders are highly prevalent in Australia. The most frequently diagnosed conditions are anxiety, affective and substance use disorders. Comorbidities are common, both in terms of concurrent mental health conditions and concurrent physical and mental health conditions. Many individuals with lived experience of mental illness also face a range of non-medical issues (e.g. housing, employment and education needs). Typically, individuals requiring mental health care for most moderate/mild cases are supported in primary health care (PHC), though specialist care in secondary and tertiary settings is required for more severe conditions. Given the multifaceted nature of mental health conditions, support for individuals experiencing such diagnoses also needs to be multidisciplinary and collaborative. PHC mental health services encompass a range of services, including counselling, pharmacological treatments, referrals and follow-up care, provided by health professionals in PHC settings (primarily general practice) to treat or prevent mental health problems.
Toxicological Tests of Tumolit and Artemisinin Products on Laboratory Mice and Rats

This paper presents the experimental results establishing the lethal dose (LD) of the two products considered to have antitumor effect:Tumolit and Artemisinin. For testing, we used an experimental design including two species of gnawers, Swiss mice and Wistar rats. Two experimental groups were used, consisting of 20 Swiss male mice each, as well as two groups of 10 Wistar rats/lot. In interpreting the results of the research and in the development of the experimental protocol, we took into account the toxicity scale after Hodge and Sterner. Initial doses were usedof both products at 200mg / kg / body for each mouse and rat, respectively, administered orallyin single-doses. Between each oral dose, there was one day of rest in order to evaluate possible effects. As mentioned in theProtocol, the dose was increased to500mg dose / kg / body,then to 1000 mg / kg / body, 2000mg / kg / body and then to 5000 mg / kg / body. At this last dose, administration was disrupted in mice. For rats, doses were further increased in three innings to 5000 mg / kg / body, 15,000 mg / kg / body concerned 20,000 mg / kg / body in single oral dose. Â The administration was done by gavage in a single dose. There were no toxicity effects reported at any dose level applied, which is why we conclude that the two products are practically non-toxic. Â
The illusion of life : Disney animation

That being said, the book does contain information that deals in all facets of animation, and, sometimes, on the wider scale of dramatic and literary techniques relating to the visual medium. Since animation is essentially a unification of film, acting, drawing, and writing, techniques from all four are important. This book does contain the twelve principles of animation essentially, several key elements to any good animation, which are employed by any good animator, in anything from Disneys Steamboat Willie to Pixars Up.
An investigation of placement strategies for distributed complex event processing in mobile ad-hoc network

In the last decade sensor networks and complex event processing have been used to enable powerful real world aware applications. Due to energy constraints in sensor networks, distributed complex event processing has been used as a technique to minimize data transmission and save energy. Mobile adhoc networking has been used to enable applications that use sensors and complex event processing technologies in areas where there are no network communication infrastructures. Similarly to sensor networks, Mobile adhoc networks are characterised by energy constraints, thus distributed complex event processing is preferable in order to limit energy consumption. However, placement strategies used to enable distributed complex event processing in sensor networks are not suitable in mobile adhoc networks due to the dynamic topology. In this thesis, we investigate placement strategies for distributed complex event processing in mobile adhoc networks. We claim that distributed placement strategies can achieve better distributed complex event processing performance compared to centralized approaches. Therefore, as part of this investigation, we design and implement a distributed placement strategy which we later evaluate in comparison to existing centralized approaches. Through literature work we identify the main challenges, issues and requirements for complex event processing, sensor data processing and mobile adhoc networking.This is later used as the foundation for designing and implementing the distributed placement mechanism. Due to the volatile nature of mobile computing, our mechanism uses a heuristic approach technique in order to find a near-optimal execution plan for distributed complex event processing. We use complex event processing reliability requirements and mobile adhoc networking energy constraints as the determinants for the performance metrics used during evaluation. In addition to the comparison with existing approaches, we measure the performance of the distributed placement strategy under various network conditions. Results from the comparison between our distributed placement strategy and the centralized approaches confirm our claims. The distributed placement mechanism finds near optimal placement for partial queries from a user subscription with minimal message overhead compared to the cen-
Never Too Late: My Musical Life Story

* Introduction: How and Why * A Week of Music * Early Music Memories * Swinging at Exeter * Stravinsky and Woody Herman: College and the War Years * Meet Beethoven * Solving a Mystery * First Attempts * Beginning the Cello * Intermezzo * Playing and Learning * Apple Hill * Epilogue: Clearing a Space
Optimization of gate and vent locations for resin infusion processes using genetic algorithms

In composite manufacturing processes, such as resin transfer molding (RTM) and vacuum assisted RTM, the resin is infused into a mold containing a preform. The liquid injection molding simulation, which was developed at the University of Delaware, is capable of simulating the movement of the resin flow fronts through a fiber preform, when the gate and vent locations are specified. When two flow fronts meet and trap air between them, a resin-starved area, called a 'dry spot', is formed, causing a structural weakness in the final composite part. This problem can be solved by the optimal placement of gates and vents. In order to determine optimal gate and vent locations, a genetic algorithm has been used as a search tool. The objective function for the optimization is expressed as a process performance index (PPI) and incorporates the fill time and dry spot formation. The PPI is at a minimum at the optimum gate and vent(s) configuration. We demonstrate the method through a case study.
A Distributed Algorithm for Skyline Query Based on Pre-Clustering

With the increasing availability and mobile application of LBS (Location-Based Services), large scale spatial objects remind challenge in cloud environments. In order to retrieve a few data items within a very large structured data set, skyline queries are utilized to optimize a single respectively multiple criteria. In this paper, we develop a new pre-clustering-based skyline queries technique to address the skewed distribution problem. We also present distributed approaches that construct grid index and process skyline queries. We evaluate the effectiveness of our algorithms with extensive experiments using real data sets. The results demonstrate the efficiency and scalability of our skyline queries algorithms based on pre-clustering.
Vaccinations with RNA coding for tumor associated antigens in advanced RCC patients—A phase I/II study

3017 Background: RCC is recognized as an immunogenic tumor and several TAA are known to be widely expressed on RCC. In previous experiments intradermal vaccination of naked RNA in mice showed that this approach leads to expression of the corresponding protein and induction of a protective antitumor immunity. Methods: Based on these results we conducted a phase I/II trial to evaluate feasibility, safety and efficacy as well as immunological responses of RNA vaccination in patients with metastatic RCC. Vaccination was performed with mRNA encoding for TAA using 2 different treatment arms. Eligibility criteria included bidimensionally measurable lesions, age 18 to 79 years and a 6 week interval to last therapy. In vitro transcribed RNA was generated using plasmids coding for the TAA MUC1, CEA, Her-2/neu, telomerase, survivin and MAGE-1. Vaccinations were performed intradermally on days 1, 14, 28 and 42 in arm A and on days 0–3, 7–10, 28 and 42 in an intensified arm B. Subsequently vaccinations were repeated m.
Musical Function and Temporal Lobe Structures: A review of Brain Lesion Studies

This paper reviews several studies examining the contribution of different temporal lobe structures in musical function. Findings that yield important clues to the understanding of the auditory function of temporal lobes are initially reported. Then, the functional asymmetry of the temporal lobes as well as the role of different temporal lobe areas in musical tasks are described by presenting results obtained in epileptic patients with unilateral temporal lobe lesion. Evidence suggesting the predominant contribution of the right temporal lobe in musical perception revealed a functional asymmetry in low-level processing of musical information. The role of the primary auditory cortex in melodic discrimination was also discussed. Additional results indicating the predominant contribution of the secondary association areas of the anterior right temporal lobe in short-term retention of pitch were reported. Arguments in favor of bilateral contribution of both temporal lobes in higher level of melodic processing.
Controversies in Vitamin D Supplementation

Concurrent with the rise in vitamin D ingestion were the epidemic onsets of atherosclerosis and osteoporosis, which led to the hypothesis that vitamin D excess contributes to the development of these illnesses (1). A recent study found that vitamin D induced an increase in vascular smooth muscle cell migration in rat aorta, suggesting a possible mechanism of vitamin D in atherosclerosis (2). On the other hand, Rucker and colleagues found that 34% of the 188 healthy Canadians whom they tested were vitamin D insufficient in at least one occasion and recommended more aggressive vitamin D supplementation (3). Chapuy et al. reported that elderly women who took calcium and vitamin D supplements had reduced hip bone loss and risk of hip fracture (4). Although the research on vitamin D supplementation is still inconclusive, the potential association between high vitamin D ingestion and diseases such as atherosclerosis provides ample reason for caution. Since 15 minutes of exposure to sunlight three times a week is sufficient to produce the body's requirement of vitamin D, there is no need for healthy individuals to take vitamin D supplements (5). In addition, the current practice of rampant fortification of foods with vitamin D should be reevaluated.
The Effect of Nasal Findings on Obstructive Sleep Apnea

Objective: Effects of upper airway obstruction on obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) are well known. The nose forms a big part of upper airway resistance and its effects on OSAS are controversial. This study aimed to determine if obstructive nasal examination findings has any effect on OSAS. Methods: One hundred and nine patients presented to our hospital with complaints of sleep disorders, had undergone night polysomnography performed and diagnosed with OSAS between August 2014, and August 2015. Detailed ENT examination of each patient was performed and obstructive inferior turbinate hypertrophy, obstructive nasal septal deviation and internal nasal valve stenosis were identified. In addition, Mallampati score, tonsillar size (Brodsky scale), body mass index (BMI), neck and waist measurements were recorded. OSA patients with and without nasal obstruction were compared. Results: OSAS patients with (n:61), and without (n:48) nasal obstruction were compared. Apnea-hypopnea index (AHI), the lowest O2 saturation, oxygen desaturation index (ODI) and Epwort sleepiness scales showed no significant difference between these two groups. (Mann-Whitney U test, P>0.05). Furthermore in all patients, there was no correlation between age, Mallampati scores and AHI (p>0.05) but Brodski scale, BMI, waist and neck measurements were found to be correlated with AHI (p<0.05). Conclusion: The presence of nasal obstruction as assessed by objective polysomnographic findings showed no significant effect on patients with OSAS.
Ranibizumab

Objective: To evaluate the pharmacotherapy role of ranibizumab, a vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) inhibitor, for the treatment of diabetic retinopathy (DR) in patients with diabetic macular edema (DME). Data Sources: PubMed, Science Direct, Google Scholar, and ClinicalTrials.gov searches (January 2000-May 2015) were conducted for articles published in English, and limited to clinical trials using the key words ranibizumab, DR, DME, anti-VEGF, and DR treatment. Study Selection and Data Extraction: Following PubMed, Science Direct, Google Scholar, and ClinicalTrials.gov searches, 4 clinical trials were identified and included in this review. Phase III/IV studies evaluating the clinical efficacy of ranibizumab versus placebo, ranibizumab versus laser, and ranibizumab versus other anti-VEGF agents were selected and evaluated. Data Synthesis: Ranibizumab administered to patients with DME for 12 to 36 months improved and prevented worsening of visual acuity. At month 36 the ranibizumab-treated eyes had a >2 or >3 step DR improvement compared with the sham crossover eyes. Ranibizumab was also found to be superior to laser treatment. Patients receiving ranibizumab gained 6.0 letters, improved tritan and protan color contrast thresholds, and demonstrated improved retinal sensitivity versus the subjects receiving laser treatment who lost 0.9 letters. When ranibizumab was compared with other anti-VEGF agents (aflibercept, pegaptanib, and bevacizumab), it was not always demonstrated to be significantly superior. Conclusion: Ranibizumab has been shown to be safe and efficacious for use in the treatment of DR in patients with DME. Thus, it is an alternative treatment approach to laser photocoagulation therapy.
Relative biological effectiveness of a high energy modulated proton beam using a spontaneous murine tumor in vivo. [Protons, /sup 60/Co]

The relative biological effectiveness (RBE) for proton beams produced by 160 MeV Harvard University synchrocyclotron was studied in C3Hf/Sed mouse fibrosarcoma (FSa-II). Reference radiation was Cobalt-60 . gamma. -ray. Cell survival was determined by 2 types of lung colony assays. Tumors were irradiated with 1 to 10 doses in the center of spread-out Bragg peak (SOBP) or in an incident plateau area. Survival curves were analyzed by alpha-beta (linear quadratic) model and RBE was determined at various survival levels. The RBEs at survival levels of 0.5, 0.1, and 0.01 were 1.16 +- 0.12, 1.16 +- 0.06 and 1.17 +- 0.05 respectively. The RBE in the incident plateau was not significantly different from that in SOBP.
The WUDAPT Project: Status of Database and Portal Tools

Urbanisation is associated with the intense transformation of the landscape through: the replacement of natural surface cover; the use of manufactured materials that have distinct thermal and radiative properties (and are mostly impermeable) and; the imposition of buildings close to one another. Together, this process creates an urban landscape with a complex and heterogeneous three-dimensional ‘surface’. In addition they are places of focussed energy and material use and of waste generation. Consequently, cities are drivers of environmental changes at a hierarchy of scales and represent a spatial nexus where the aggregated actions of individuals exert significant control on global climate changes (e.g. Oke et al., 2017). However, despite their global significance, we know very little about the spatial composition of most cities and what we do know is often too coarse or inconsistent to undertake scientific inquiry or make meaningful comparisons.
Monet's cathedral : Rouen, 1892-1894

In 1895 Claude Monet exhibited a group of paintings showing the facade of Rouen Cathedral under the changing lights from dawn to dusk and in a variety of weathers. The paintings were sold and dispersed, and this book assembles the 30 paintings in sequence. The text discusses their origin. The pictures are reproduced as individual colour spreads as well as appearing as a sequence in miniature. The author is the great-grandson of Camille Pissarro.
The Oxford Book of American Short Stories

In The Oxford Book of American Short Stories, Joyce Carol Oates offers a sweeping survey of American short fiction, in a collection of nearly sixty tales that combines classic works with many "different, unexpected" gems, and that invites readers to explore a wealth of important pieces by women and minority writers. Some selections simply can't be improved on, Oates admits, and she happily includes such time-honored works as Irving's "Rip Van Winkle" and Poe's "The Tell-Tale Heart. " But alongside these often-anthologized tales, Oates introduces such little-known stories as Mark Twain's "Cannibalism in the Cars," a work that reveals a darker side to his humor. From Melville come the juxtaposed tales "The Paradise of Bachelors and the Tartarus of Maids," of which Oates says, "only Melville could have fashioned out of 'real' events.such harrowing and dreamlike allegorical fiction. " The reader will also delight in the range of authors found here, from Charles W. Chesnutt, Jean Toomer, and Sarah Orne Jewett, to William Carlos Williams, Kate Chopin, and Langston Hughes, to Ray Bradbury, H.P. Lovecraft, and Stephen King. For the second edition, Oates has introduced a wide range of new stories from writers who represent the state of American literature today. These new works include Lorrie Moore's "How to Become a Writer," Richard Ford's "Under the Radar," Junot Diaz's "Edison, New Jersey," David Foster Wallace's "Good People," Philip Roth's "Defender of the Faith," and Amy Hempel's "Today Will Be a Quiet Day. " As in the original volume, Oates provides fascinating introductions to each writer, blending biographical information with her own trenchant observations about their work. In addition, she has written a new preface that contemplates our shifting literary culture, and has revised her introductory essay to the first edition, in which she offers the fruit of years of reflection on a genre in which she herself is a master.
Model of delivery context based on ontology for content adaptation

To realize universal multimedia access,researches propose content adaptation techniques in which the technique of delivery context description has attracted much more attentions.However,the existed techniques of context description are lack of the ability of semantic presentation and expression of user preference.Facing the music,this paper proposed a model of delivery context based on ontology.By introducing ontology theory to the modeling process,the model was equipped with good features in respect of semantic presentation and expression of user preference,which would meet the requirement of content adaptation in e-learning environment prettily.