Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Deep Learning-Based Edge Caching in Fog Radio Access Networks

In this article, the edge caching policy in fog radio access networks (F-RANs) is optimized via deep learning. Considering that it is hard for fog access points (F-APs) to collect sufficient data of massive content features, our proposed edge caching policy only utilizes the number of requests and user location. In an offline phase, we propose to learn the corresponding popularity prediction model for every content popularity trend class and user location prediction models to make the popularity prediction accurate, adaptive and targeted. Moreover, we develop a loss function to avoid overfitting and increase sensitivity to high popularity for popularity prediction models. In an online phase, we propose a reactive caching scheme to react to user requests. In order to guarantee that classification can improve the popularity prediction accuracy in both phases, deep learning and k-Nearest Neighbor (kNN) are combined to classify popularity trends. Besides, a joint proactive-reactive caching policy is proposed to maximize the cache hit rate. The proposed policy is able to promptly track the various popularity trends with spatial-temporal popularity, trend and user dynamics with a low computational complexity. Extensive performance evaluation results show that the cache hit rate of our proposed policy approaches that of the optimal policy.
Role of Dentate gyrus in stress and the response to antidepressant treatment

Despite stress-associated disorders having a higher incidence rate in females, preclinical research mainly focuses on males. Chronic stress paradigms, such as chronic social defeat and chronic corticosterone (CORT) administration, were mainly designed and validated in males and subsequent attempts to use these paradigms in females has demonstrated sex differences in the behavioral and HPA axis response to stress. Here, we assessed the behavioral response to chronic CORT exposure and developed a social stress paradigm, social instability stress (SIS), which exposes adult mice to unstable social hierarchies every 3 days for 7 weeks. Sex differences in response to chronic CORT emerged, with negative valence behaviors induced in CORT treated males, not females. SIS effectively induces negative valence behaviors in the open field, light dark, and novelty suppressed feeding tests, increases immobility in the forced swim test, and activates the hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis in both males and females. Importantly, while there were effects of estrous cycle on behavior, this variability did not impact the overall effects of SIS on behavior, suggesting estrous does not need to be tracked while utilizing SIS. Furthermore, the effects of SIS on negative valence behaviors were also reversed following chronic antidepressant treatment with fluoxetine (FLX) in both males and females. SIS also reduced adult hippocampal neurogenesis in female mice, while chronic FLX treatment increased adult hippocampal neurogenesis in both males and females. Overall, these data demonstrate that the SIS paradigm is an ethologically valid approach that effectively induces chronic stress in both adult male and adult female mice.
Economic analysis of domestic, industrial and agricultural water demands in China

Demand management plays an increasingly important role in dealing with water scarcity in China. It is important to understand the level and pattern of water use in various sectors across the regions for any measures being put into effect. The aim of this study is to enhance the understanding of the factors that influence water demand by examining closely the water use in domestic, industrial and agricultural sectors. Using province level panel data from 1997 to 2003, the examination shows that the regional disparity in the level and pattern of water uses is considerable. The estimation of water demand shows that both economic and climatic variables have significant effects on water demand. The results suggest an income elasticity of 0.42 for the domestic sector, an output elasticity of - 0.32 for industrial water use (per unit of output), and an output elasticity of - 0.23 for irrigated agriculture (per land area).
Implementation of a 2-D Reconfigurable Fresnel-Zone-Plate Antenna

Combining the advantages of the phase tunability provided by active frequency selective surfaces (FSSs) and the beam-steering scheme used in conventional 1-D Fresnel-zone-plate (FZP) antennas, we report in this communication a 2-D beam-steering FZP antenna that needs only 180° phase tunability. Compared with transmit arrays, while the substrate layers are reduced by a half, a phase compensation strategy is used to enhance antenna specifications. To verify the proposed approach, a radome implemented based on an active, reconfigurable FSS was designed, simulated, and experimentally implemented. With a simple three-layer structure, the implemented FZP antenna works within an ultrawide bandwidth ranging from 5 to 6.3 GHz, corresponding to a 21% relative bandwidth. With a gain up to 19.3 dBi, the scanning range reaches ±45° in both horizontal and vertical planes. This cost-effective, simple-structured antenna can be potentially used in diverse RF and microwave applications.
Sustainable Care in a Familialist Regime: Coping with Elderly Care in Slovenia

In countries with prevalent family care and less developed care services, it is important to understand the ways families cope with the care needs of their frail family members as part of policy learning to make care systems more sustainable. Filial care is a vital element of family care, yet is significantly restrained by the involvement of carers in the labour market; unequal gender distribution of the care burden; and insufficient recognition of, and policy support, for family care. This article considered the issue of the sustainability of elderly care in a familialist country, Slovenia, by identifying the coping strategies families adopt for the provision of care. To this end, in-depth qualitative data based on a purposeful sample of 55 community-resident users of social home care services and their 55 family carers were used. We identified five external coping strategies: use of formal care services, use of extended family network, use of wider community network, cohabitation, and home adjustments. Among internal strategies, we detected work-related adjustments; abandoning leisure activities; abandoning vacations; establishing new routines; accepting and finding satisfaction in care; increased psychological distress, such as worries and overburdening; and some unmet care recipient needs. Very few strategies may be described as supported by policy actions, despite such support being essential for increasing the sustainability of the family-based care model.
The Effectiveness of Quadriceps Exercise, Home-Based Exercise Program and Home-Based Exercise Program in Combination with Physical Modalities for Treatment in Osteoarthritis Knee: A Randomized Control Study

Objectives: Therapeutic exercise is one of the most commonly used non-pharmacological methods for treating knee osteoarthritis (OA). This study proposed to compare the effectiveness of quadricep exercise, home-based exercise program and home-based exercise program in combination with physical modalities. Method: Patients with primary knee OA had been selected to receive the treatment. They were randomly allocated into three groups: Quadriceps Exercise, Home Exercise Protocol and Home Exercise Protocol with Physical Modalities. The outcomes were measured regarding six-minute walk test (6MWT) and Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC) for pain, stiffness and function at baseline, six weeks and 12 weeks. Results: 123 patients were recruited to participate this study and randomly divided into three groups. The results show the progressive improvement of each group. The mean of 6MWT had no significant difference among the studied groups at 12 weeks. WOMAC scores of the groups were not significantly different. Conclusion: These three exercise protocols can be used for patients with osteoarthritis knee. The outcomes in terms of 6MWT and WOMAC scores were not significantly different. They were proved that the protocols allow to improve the patients’ physical performances within 12 weeks.
A Novel NIR–Red Spectral Domain Evapotranspiration Model From the Chinese GF-1 Satellite: Application to the Huailai Agricultural Region of China

The Chinese GF-1 satellite, the first satellite of the China High-resolution Earth Observation System launched in 2013, can be used to help estimate evapotranspiration (LE), which is important for myriad hydroclimatic and ecosystem science and applications. We propose a novel approach to use the GF-1 visible and near-infrared (VNIR) measurements at 16 m and 4-day resolutions to estimate LE. The NIR (near-infrared)–red spectral-domain (NRSD) model is coupled to a perpendicular soil moisture index (PSI) and a perpendicular vegetation index (PVI). We applied the model to the Huailai agricultural region of China with 55 scenes of GF-1 imagery during 2013–2017 and validated using ground measurements with footprint models for two eddy-covariance (EC) flux tower sites and one large aperture scintillometer (LAS) site. The results illustrate that the terrestrial daily LE can be estimated with squared correlation coefficients (<inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$R^{2}$ </tex-math></inline-formula>) of 0.77–0.84 (<inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$p < 0.01$ </tex-math></inline-formula>) and root-mean-square error (RMSE) values of 17.9–21.5 W/m<sup>2</sup> among all three sites. The site-calibrated statistics are improved by 0.14–0.25 for <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$R^{2}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> and decreased by 4.2–8.3 W/m<sup>2</sup> for RMSE as compared to the commonly used universal PT-JPL model. A satisfactory performance is achieved across all experimental conditions, encouraging the application of the NRSD model to estimate LE for other broad regions.
MYXOPAPILLARY EPENDYMOMA OF THE SPINAL CORD IN ADULTS: A REPORT OF PERSONAL SERIES AND REVIEW OF LITERATURE

SUMMARY Myxopapillary ependymomas (MPE) of the spinal cord are slow-growing benign tumors most frequently found in adults between 30 and 50 years of age. They arise from the ependyma of the filum terminale and are located in the area of the medullary conus and cauda. The recommended treatment option is gross total resection, while patients undergoing subtotal resection usually require radiotherapy. Complete resection without capsular violation can be curative and is often accomplished by simple resection of the filum above and below the tumor mass. Nevertheless, dissemination and distant treatment failure may occur in approximately 30% of the cases. In this paper, we propose an original MPE classification, which is based upon our personal series report concerned with tumor location and its correlation with the extent of resection. We also provide literature review, discussing surgical technique, tumor recurrence rate and dissemination, and adjuvant treatment. In conclusion, our findings suggest that MPE management based on the proposed 5-type tumor classification is favorable when total surgical resection is performed in carefully selected patients. Yet, further studies on a much broader model is obligatory to confirm this.
Genetic and chemical characterization of avocado commercial cultivars avocado of Risaralda Colombia

Abstract This research aimed at performing the molecular characterization of commercial Papelillo avocado (Persea americana cv Lorena) cultivars from the municipality of Marsella (Risaralda, Colombia), as well as the physicochemical analysis and antioxidant activity assessment of the pulp and seed. An evaluation of 50 individuals among commercial varieties and possible patterns was performed using 17 microsatellite markers. Proximate analysis of the pulp was performed, and the fatty acid profile of oils, the antioxidant activity by the DPPH and FRAP methods, and the total phenolic content were evaluated. From the cluster analysis, Dice index, and Principal Coordinates Analysis, it became evident that all the individuals showed a tendency to group by populations. In addition, the pulp revealed high fiber contents (4.96–20.64%) and moisture (80.75–82.96%); however, it showed low oil content (5.97–6.56%). The fatty acid found in the highest proportion in seed oil is linoleic acid and that in pulp oil is oleic acid. The antioxidant activity by the DPPH method for seed oil (87.87 to 91.04%) presented a greater inhibition concerning to the pulp oil (20.34% and 24.43%), this same trend was observed by the FRAP method. Concerning the content of total phenols, the seed oil (31.94–76.30 mg GAE g-1) has a higher value than the pulp (30.18–54.30 mg GAE g-1). The set of samples was characterized as a significant source of genetic variability; thanks to the excellent alternatives they provide as rootstocks for commercial varieties such as the ‘Lorena’ cultivars. The chemical classification carried out in this study is of great importance, due to the lack of information about the oil of the ‘Papelillo’ avocado cultivated in different regions of Colombia.
THE EFFECT OF NETWORK TYPES ON HERD BEHAVIOR

Humans are social beings and opinions of people around them has a significant impact on their decisions. Often, under scarcity of information, people observe the behavior of others and imitate them, that is, they resort to group behavior. Existing literature on the influence of a group suggests that a small number of individuals do indeed influence decisions of majority. This is evident from the process of spread of new technologies in agriculture, improved seeds and pesticides, dissemination of innovations, patterns of digital markets and spread of using new medicines among doctors. Mathematical models of graph theory are used for the analysis of economic or other relations. The use of graphs to study economic problems is a fairly new, albeit rapidly growing direction in research. A particular network of connections is represented by nodes (individuals) and edges (connections). For example, below is a graph that represents a network of peers’ connections at the university. These 10 nodes correspond to 10 students, and the 14 edges are for friendships between them. According to this network, student 1 befriends 2 and 4, while student 3 befriends 2, 5, 6 and 9. It is possible to analyze public opinion formation, social training, investor behavior and many other interesting issues with similar graphs.
Análise do conhecimento sobre o autocuidado com acesso vascular em pacientes hemodialíticos atendidos em um hospital de Belém-Pará / Analysis of knowledge about self-care with vascular access in hemodialytic patients attended in a hospital in Belém-Pará

Introduction: The expression Chronic Renal Insufficiency (CRF) refers to a syndromic diagnosis of progressive loss of glomerular filtration (FG). Objective: To evaluate the degree of self-care of patients undergoing hemodialysis due to arteriovenous fistula, prosthesis and double lumen catheter. Methodology: The study in question was carried out based on a quantitative research with a descriptive, cross-sectional approach, allowing it to make an analysis about the degree of knowledge about self-care with vascular access in hemodialysis patients with 106 patients from a hospital. Results: It appears that there is a predominance of males (57; 53.8%), aged between 34 and 47 years. The significant majority (p <0.05) of the patients studied between 5 and 9 years old (49; 46.2%), received between one and two minimum wages (55; 51.9%) and were married (61; 57.5%) ). It appears that the significant majority (p <0.05) of the patients agree that they should not use the AVF member for injection (93; 87.7%), administration of serum (90; 84.9%) and blood pressure measurement (93; 87.7%). Most of them constantly look for signs of redness, edema or secretion on the AVF (87; 82.1%), and 83 (78.3%) stated that they cannot do any type of physical exercise. Conclusion: The evaluated patients presented information similar to those present in the general population and other studies in the literature, so it is possible to say that: men, over 55 years old, and of low socioeconomic and school level are more likely to need renal replacement therapy. Most patients demonstrated that they know how to understand access care and more than half know the initial steps in front of the most frequent complications, which translates into lower rates of complications or access changes.
THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC: PATHS FOR FUTURE RESEARCH IN MARKETING INVOLVING THE REGULATORY ROLE OF PROSOCIAL CONSUMPTION

Objective: One of the strategies adopted by several countries (i e China, United States, Brazil) for containing the pandemic is to recommend the adoption of social distancing This type of situation can generate negative emotions, such as fear and anxiety, which might affect the well-being, hope and consumption behavior of individuals The present work aims, therefore, to propose that prosocial consumption could help reduce the negative emotional effects caused by social distancing Method: The study is a combination of a literature review and the development of a theoretical conceptual model that identifies gaps and presents research proposals that can guide future studies Originality: Existing literature characterizes prosocial consumption as a consequence of positive emotions This paper aims to explain how prosocial consumption can generate well-being even in situations in which negative emotional states are being experienced Contributions: The theoretical conceptual model developed by this study explains the role of prosocial consumption as a behavior that reduces the negative effects of the negative emotions caused by social distancing and promotes well-being during the COVID-19 crisis Understanding these mechanisms is beneficial to consumers, to the public sector and to the private sector, which can adopt strategies for fostering prosocial behavior and increasing wellbeing, but also for increasing sales and enhancing brand equity
Edge Detection Based on Generative Adversarial Networks

Aiming at the problem that the detection effect of traditional edge detection algorithm is not good, and the problem that the existing edge detection algorithm based on convolution network cannot solve the thick edge problem from the model itself, this paper proposes a new edge detection method based on the generative adversarial network. The confrontation network consists of generator network and discriminator network, generator network is composed of U-net network and discriminator network is composed of five-layer convolution network. In this paper, we use BSDS500 training data set to train the model. Finally, several images are randomly selected from BSDS500 test set to compare with the results of traditional edge detection algorithm and HED algorithm. The results of BSDS500 benchmark test show that the ODS and OIS indices of the proposed method are 0.779 and 0.782 respectively, which are much higher than those of traditional edge detection algorithms, and the indices of HED algorithm using non-maximum suppression are similar.
The Effect of Climate Change Adaptation Strategies on Rural Farm Households’ Income in case of Dilla Zuria Wereda, Gedeo Zone, Sothern Ethiopia

The effect of agricultural sector is wide ranging and extends to economic growth, food security, poverty reduction, livelihoods, rural development and the environment. Despite of this, agriculture’s contribution to the economy, it is facing and will continue to face major challenges related to climate change in the years to come and Ethiopia is one of the most vulnerable countries to climate change. Hence, this study is an effort to determine the effect of climate change adaptation strategies on rural farm households’ income level in case of Dilla zuria woreda, Gedeo Zone, Southern Ethiopia. Furthermore, the study hypothesized the impact of household size, gender, education farm size, access to credit and membership to farm based associations /institutions on farmers’ income level. In doing this, the study used primary data which is collected by questionnaires distributed for 374 farm households at the year 2018. In analyzing the data, the researcher employed both binary logit and Ordinary Least Square method of econometric regression. The binary logit model is employed to assess the factors affecting climate change adaptation strategies in Dilla zuria woreda and the Ordinary Least Square regression method is employed to know the effect of climate change adaptation strategies on rural farm households’ income. The study confirms that climate change adaptation strategy is found to be significant in boosting famers’ income level in the woreda. The implication is that local policy makers and the woreda’s agricultural bureau have to work more on creation of awareness for farmers about the importance of climate change adaptation strategies. Moreover, the woreda should try to set up facilities for those farmers for to do climate change mitigation practices. Keywords: Climate change, adaptation strategies, income level. DOI: 10.7176/JRDM/69-01 Publication date: September 30 th 2020
Biodegradability of Chlorinated Organic Compounds in Pulp Bleaching Effluents

In this work the biodegradability of displacement bleaching effluents of kraft pulping was studied. A sequential treatment with an anaerobic fluidized bed and an aerobic trickling filter was effective in degrading the chlorinated high- and low-molecular-weight material. The treatment significantly reduced the COD, BOD and the organic chlorine (AOX) of the wastewater. COD and BOD reduction was greatest in the aerobic process whereas dechlorination was significant in the anaerobic process. Less than 3% of the COD removed was generated to sludge. With the combined aerobic and anaerobic treatment over 65% reduction of AOX and over 75% reduction of chlorinated phenolic compounds was observed. The COD/AOX-ratio of the wastewater was similar before and after treatment, indicating that the chlorinated material was as biodegradable as the nonchlorinated. Microbes capable of mineralizing pentachlorophenol constituted approximately 3% of the total heterotrophic microbial population in the aerobic trickling filter. Two aerobic polychlorophenol degrading Rhodococcus strains were able to degrade polychlorinated phenols, guaiacols and syringols in the bleaching effluent.
Alpha Discovery Neural Network, the Special Fountain of Financial Trading Signals

Genetic programming (GP) is the state-of-the-art in financial automated feature construction task. It employs reverse polish expression to represent features and then conducts the evolution process. However, with the development of deep learning, more powerful feature extraction tools are available. This paper proposes Alpha Discovery Neural Network (ADNN), a tailored neural network structure which can automatically construct diversified financial technical indicators based on prior knowledge. We mainly made three contributions. First, we use domain knowledge in quantitative trading to design the sampling rules and object function. Second, pre-training and model pruning has been used to replace genetic programming, because it can conduct more efficient evolution process. Third, the feature extractors in ADNN can be replaced by different feature extractors and produce different functions. The experiment results show that ADNN can construct more informative and diversified features than GP, which can effectively enriches the current factor pool. The fully-connected network and recurrent network are better at extracting information from the financial time series than the convolution neural network. In real practice, features constructed by ADNN can always improve multi-factor strategies' revenue, sharpe ratio, and max draw-down, compared with the investment strategies without these factors.