Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The Presence of Anti-ribonucleoprotein at Diagnosis Is Associated with the Flare during the First Follow-up Year in Korean Patients with Systemic Lupus Erythematosus

Objective. The aim of this study was to examine whether the presence of anti-ribonucleoprotein (anti-RNP) antibodies at diagnosis is associated with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) flares in newly diagnosed patients during the first year of follow-up. Methods. The medical records of 71 newly diagnosed SLE patients without other concomitant autoimmune disease, serious infection, or malignancy were reviewed retrospectively. SLE flares were defined according to the SLE Disease Activity Index 2000. Patients were divided into 2 groups according to the presence or absence of anti-RNP, and variables were compared between the groups. Results. During the first year of follow-up, SLE patients with anti-RNP at diagnosis more frequently presented with mucosal ulcers (p=0.003), rash (p=0.001), and arthritis (p=0.007), compared to those without anti-RNP. The SLE flare incidence was remarkably higher in patients with anti-RNP than in those without anti-RNP (62.5% vs. 23.1%, p=0.001). SLE patients with anti-RNP at diagnosis had a significantly higher risk of ever experiencing a SLE flare during the first year of follow-up, compared to those without anti-RNP (odds ratio=8.250). Conclusion. In conclusion, SLE patients with anti-RNP at diagnosis were more than 8-fold more likely to experience an SLE flare during the first year of follow-up. (J Rheum Dis 2016;23:154160)
Farmacokinetiek van geneesmiddelen bij vogels en de toepassingen en beperkingen van dosisextrapolatie

The pharmacokinetic processes of drugs, i.e. absorption, distribution, metabolization and elimination, differ between birds and mammals. For instance, the clearance and volume of the distribution of aminoglycosides are lower in birds than in mammals. These pharmacokinetic differences are caused by differences in anatomy, biochemistry and physiology between birds and mammals. The species differences in pharmacokinetics and differences in the observed and predicted pharmacokinetic parameters of some drugs in birds after extrapolation from mammals (e.g. clearance of enrofloxacin, salicylic acid, meloxicam and flunixin), show that pharmacokinetic data on mammals can hardly be extrapolated to birds as such. Furthermore, differences in pharmacokinetic behavior between bird species exist as well. Therefore, the selection of an appropriate posology for birds has to be based on pharmacokinetic data of that specific bird species. In absence of these data, dose selection might be done using allometric scaling. The pharmacokinetic data are scaled in correlation to the body weight of a different bird species. In case these data are also not available, dose selection using allometric scaling with pharmacokinetic data from mammals should preferably only be done for drugs with a low toxicity.
PRODUCCIÓN BIOCATALÍTICA DE ALCOHOL PERÍLICO UTILIZANDO CÉLULAS COMPLETAS DE Aspergillus Niger DSM 821 BIOCATALYTIC PRODUCTION OF PERILLYL ALCOHOL USING WHOLE CELLS OF Aspergillus niger DSM 821 PRODUÇÃO DE ÁLCOOL PERÍLICO BIOCATALÍTICA USAR CÉLULAS COMPLETOS Aspergillus niger DSM 821

RESUMEN En esta investigacion se estudio la produccion de alcohol perilico (AP) mediante ELRWUDQVIRUPDFLyQGHO 5   OLPRQHQRXWLOL]DQGRFpOXODVFRPSOHWDVGH$VSHUJL -llus niger DSM 821 a escala de laboratorio. Para tal fin se determino la influencia de diferentes variables sobre la selectividad del microorganismo hacia un produc-to determinado y el rendimiento de biotransformacion. Se evaluo el efecto de la fase del crecimiento del hongo y el efecto inductor del sustrato. De igual forma se incluyeron las siguientes variables: pH, medio de biotransformacion y con- FHQWUDFLyQGHOVXVWUDWR/DPD\RUYHORFLGDGHVSHFtILFDGHFUHFLPLHQWRVHDOFDQ]yXWLOL]DQGR$JDU([WUDFWR0DOWD 0($ FRPRPHGLRGHFXOWLYRD °C. Ademas se REWXYLHURQPJ/GH$3XWLOL]DQGR mM de (R)-(+)- limoneno en caldo Malta y Extracto de Levadura (MYB). Esta produccion fue 1,9 y 3,1 veces ma-yor que la obtenida en caldo de Levadura, Extracto de Malta, Peptona y Glucosa (YMPG) y Caldo de Extracto de Levadura y Glucosa (YG), respectivamente. Las
Biopreservation: Extension of the ex vivo Life Span of Stored Human Erythrocytes by the Addition of Ascorbic Acid to Additive Solutions in Modern Blood Banking

iii Dedication . v Acknowledgments . vi Vita . viii List of Tables . xvi List of Figures . xvi Chapter 1: Blood banking: Modern storage solutions and human Erythrocytes . 1 1.
ALTERAÇÕES DA ATIVIDADE DA POLIGALACTURONASE E PECTINAMETILESTERASE EM AMORA-PRETA (Rubus spp.) DURANTE O ARMAZENAMENTO POLIGALACTURONASE AND PECTINMETILESTERASE ALTERATIONS ON FRUITS OF BLACKBERRIES (Rubus spp.) POSTHARVEST

The understanding of the physiological postharvest process of fruit is very important to better preserve fruits for longer periods without altering its qualities. This study aimed to evaluate the behavior of enzymatic process poligalacturonase (PG) and pectinametilesterase (PME) of blackberry fruits kept under different environmental and storage period. A randomized block design in a 2x2x5 (cultivars: Brazos and Comanche; environmental conditions: cold room at 2 oC and room temperature at 20 ± 2 oC; storage period: 0, 3, 6, 9 and 12 days) factorial scheme was used. PME activity increased while PG activity decreased with high storage time, independent of the cultivar and environment.
Stress en élevage et à l’abattage : impacts sur les qualités des viandes.

On sait depuis longtemps que lorsque les animaux sont stressés pendant la période de l’abattage, le risque de produire des viandes avec des défauts de qualité, notamment les viandes exsudatives et à coupe sombre, augmente. Des études récentes basées sur des approches comportementales, physiologiques et/ou génomiques montrent que des niveaux de stress modérés au cours de l’abattage peuvent également influencer les qualités technologiques et/ou sensorielles des viandes de porc, de bovin, d’ovin, de volaille et des chairs de poisson, expliquant jusqu’à 70% de la variabilité des composantes de qualité entre les animaux. La réactivité au stress d’abattage varie selon les individus et peut être partiellement prédite à partir de leurs réactions lors de tests de réactivité réalisés pendant l’élevage. La réactivité au stress d’un animal dépend en partie de ses expériences antérieures et de son patrimoine génétique. En plus des questions relatives au bien-être animal à l’abattage, il est nécessaire aujourd’hui de mieux comprendre les mécanismes sous-jacents aux effets négatifs du stress sur les qualités des viandes. L’espèce doit être prise en considération, car les causes de stress à l’abattage et les critères de qualité de viandes optimaux varient selon l’espèce. Les mécanismes biologiques impliqués dans les effets du stress sur la viande et la chair varient également en fonction de l’espèce.
Molecular Dietary Analysis of the Endangered Ozark Big-Eared Bat (Corynorhinus townsendii ingens)

Molecular techniques allow amplification of a mitochondrial barcoding gene, cytochrome c oxidase (COI), of prey DNA in bat fecal material that can be used to identify insect species. Most studies designed to use a molecular approach for dietary studies of bats suggest that fecal material should be collected within one week of deposit to prevent environmental degradation or contamination. However, Ozark big-eared bats (Corynorhinus townsendii ingens) are highly susceptible to human disturbance. The purpose of this study was to performing a molecular dietary analysis of Ozark big-eared bats. Our study detected 40 species representing two orders (Diptera and Lepidoptera) and 11 families of insects and thus, providing new information regarding dietary habits of Ozark big-eared bats.
Studies of Northern Fowl Mite Host-Parasite Interactions and Evaluation of Novel Control Strategies in Poultry

Author(s): Murillo, Amy | Advisor(s): Mullens, Bradley A | Abstract: Northern fowl mites (Ornithonyssus sylviarum) are the most common and economically important ectoparasites in US laying hen flocks. Mites are permanent ectoparasites and cause damage to birds via blood feeding. Once in a flock, they can be very difficult to eradicate from a property. Mite control has traditionally relied on chemical sprays directed at high pressure underneath the birds and into the vent region where mites live; these applications are most effective when birds are held in battery cages. However in recent years animal welfare concerns and consumer demand has affected how laying hens are housed. The transition to furnished-cage or cage-free production systems will require novel control techniques to achieve ectoparasite control. I investigated possibilities for ectoparasite control that would be effective in alternative poultry housing. Breeding for parasite resistance is an attractive control method. Chickens develop resistance to the northern fowl mite (NFM) and this is under at least some genetic control. I tested whether the haplotype conferring NFM resistance had any effect on chicken resting metabolism (energy expenditure), physiology, or economic performance. Bird haplotype did not affect hen metabolism or production parameters. NFM infestations negatively affected economic performance. Dustboxes have been shown to effectively decrease mite populations in cage-free flock when insecticidal dusts are used in combination with sand. I tested whether dustboxes with sand and diatomaceous earth could keep mites below economic thresholds before mite levels became damaging. When dustboxes were present in a flock, mite levels were on average kept below economic threshold regardless of percent of the flock that dustbathed. Sulfur dust is effective for NFM control in very low doses, though it is not universally approved for organic use. I tested whether sulfur deployed in a dust bag would be effective in caged (non-organic) flocks and if the placement of the bag affected efficacy. Hanging dust bags offered the best NFM control. Backyard chicken flocks are a growing trend in this country, and nothing is currently know about ectoparasite diversity on these birds. I surveyed 100 birds on 20 properties in southern California. Greater diversity was found on backyard flocks than on commercial birds.
Patch recolonization through migration by the echinoid Paracentrotus lividus in communities with high algal cover and low echinoid densities

Recolonisation par migration de l'echinide Paracentrotus lividus (Lamarck) dans une communaute a , forte couverture algale et faibles densites d'oursins. Nous avons examine la recolonisation de zones experimentales apres les avoir degagees artificiellement de tous les specimens Paracentrotus lividus. Notre but etait de mimer un prelevement normal de peche et d'examiner a quelle vitesse les peuplements d'oursins peuvent recoloniser l'habitat. Nous avons choisi une communaute ou la densite des oursins etait faible (2 ind.m- 2 environ) et la couverture algale bien developpee. Ces conditions sont typiques du biotope sublittoral rocheux mediterraneen au-dessous de 4-6 m de profondeur. L'accessibilite de chaque zone par mouvement lateral des oursins etait differente. Dans ces circonstances, la recolonisation est tres lente; la zone la plus accessible est la seule a avoir recupere la densite initiale d'oursins en 18 mois, tandis que la zone la moins accessible ne retrouve, apres quatre ans et demi, qu'une densite de seulement 46 % de la densite initiale. La croissance in situ de nouvelles recrues, plutot que la migration laterale, est probablement responsable des taux de recolonisation observes dans les zones isolees. En conclusion. l'extraction de cette espece peut avoir des effets de longue duree sur les peuplements locaux, ce qui a, en retour, un effet sur les communautes algales.
Alte und neue Herausforderungen in der Züchtung von Leguminosen

Der Leguminosenanbau in Europa steckt in einer Krise. In fast allen europaischen Landern, insbesondere auch in Deutschland, ist ein drastischer Ruckgang der Leguminosenanbau-Flachen zu verzeichnen. Grunde dafur liegen an relativ niedrigen Preisen fur Mineralstickstoff, einer weitgehenden Deckung des Futterproteinbedarfes aus importiertem Sojaextraktionsschrot sowie einer einseitigen Bevorzugung weniger Kulturarten mit hohen Deckungsbeitragen in landwirtschaftlichen Fruchtfolgen. Nicht nur die Rahmenbedingungen fur den Anbau von Leguminosen sind ungunstig. Auch viele Leguminosenarten selbst besitzen noch diverse Nachteile gegenuber anderen Kulturarten, die selbst bei gunstigeren Rahmenbedingungen ihren Einsatz limitieren. Am Beispiel der Blauen Suslupine als Vertreter der Kornerleguminosen und in einigen Fallen des Rotklees als Vertreter der kleinkornigen Leguminosen sollen einige Nachteile der Leguminosen im Anbau und in der Zuchtung aufgezeigt werden. Notwendige Forschungsaktivitaten zur Erreichung der daraus abgeleiteten Zuchtziele sollen anhand von Beispielen skizziert werden.
On the expected distribution of species' ranges

A method is provided to calculate the expected distribution of species' ranges for use as a basis of comparison for paleontological interpretation of species' range charts. If the method is used for such studies, the possibility of suggesting an environmental or biological cause for observed patterns, when in fact no such cause exists, will be diminished. The method is applied to a large, well-studied fossil data set to illustrate some possible species' range patterns which result only from sample size inequities. As examples, stepwise extinction and species richness patterns are predicted for situations where, in reality, none exist.
Usefulness of the Meal of a Sterile Mutant of Ulva pertusa as a Feed Supplement for Cultured Yellowtail

This experiment was conducted to investigate the effect of the meal of a sterile mutant of Ulva pertusa as feed supplement on the growth and physiology of yellowtail, Seriola quinqueradiata. After investigating the adequate ratio of Ulva meal addition to the diet, the growth, feed efficiency, body color and tolerance to low oxygen were compared in yearling and 1-year-old yellowtail fed for a long period with diets containing 0 and 3% Ulva meal. 1) During short-term rearing, the fish fed diets with 3% Ulva meal showed maximum growth and feed efficiency and the performance decreased with further increaseases in the ratio of Ulva meal in the diet. 2) During long-term rearing of yearling yellowtail, the growth was slightly diminished by Ulva meal addition, but the feed efficiency, protein efficiency ratio, energy efficiency, apparent protein retention and energy retention were improved, and the excess accumulation of fat was reduced. In addition, the brightness of body color and resistance to streptococcicosis were improved, though differences in tolerance to low oxygen were not found. 3) In the long-term experiment with 1-year-old yellowtail, such the marked improvement were not observed in fish fed the diet containing Ulva meal probably as a result of the decreased feeding activity of the fish. 現在の魚類養殖業では,残 餌 や排 泄物 な どの飼育老 廃物 が 自家 汚染 を引 き起 こ し生 産量 を低下 させ てい る。 また,自 家汚染は魚病や赤潮 をまね き,養 殖経営 を圧迫 してい る。 一方,現 代の消費者は安全 で品質の 高 い養殖魚 を求めてお り,魚 類養殖の維持発 展のため に解決すべ き課題 は多い。 この解 決策 として平田 ら1)は大村湾産 アナアオサ不 稔 性変異種2)Ulva peytusa(以 下不稔性 アオサ と呼 ぶ) のフィー ドバ ック飼育法 を提唱 している。 すなわち, 不稔性 アオサ と魚類 を混合飼育 し,同 時 に増殖 した不 稔性 アオサ を回収 し飼育魚 に給餌す るもので,飼 育環 境 を浄化す る とともに,飼 育魚の成長 と体色 を向上 さ せ る ことを提案 して いる。 また,谷 口 ら3)も不稔性 ア オサが海水 の溶存態窒素 の回収 に有効であ ることを確 受 領 日:1997(H9)年2月24日 索 引 語:ブ リ/不 稔性 アオサ/体 色明化/抗 病性 連 絡 先:〒785-01須 崎市浦の内灰方1153-23高 知県水産試験場増殖科 浜渦敬三 Address : K. HAMAUZU, Kochi Fisheries Experimental Station, Uranouchi, Susaki, Kochi 785-01, Japan 358 浜渦敬三 ・山中弘雄(1997) 認す るとともに,不 稔 性 アオサの栄養価 は通常 のアオ サのそれ よ り優 れている ことを報告 している。 さらに, 不稔性 アオサの養魚飼料 への添加効果 もかな り研究 さ れ ているが4,5),わ が国 の代表 的 な海産養殖 魚で ある ブリSeliola quinqueradiataの 飼 料 につ いてはわずか に 平田 らの報告6)がみ られる程度 である。 そ こで本研究 では,ま ずブ リ飼料 に対す る不稔性 ア オサの至適添加率 を調べ,次 いで添加お よび無添加飼 料 でブ リを長期飼育 し,成 長 や飼料効率 とともに体色 や低酸素耐性 を比較検討 した。
Comparison of the Identification Methods of Diarrheagenic E. coli in Taiwan by O Serotyping and Single-tube Multiplex Real-time PCR

Differentiation of the 5 major types of diarrheagenic E. coli [EHEC (enterohemorrhagic E. coli), ETEC (enterotoxigenic E. coli), EPEC (enteropathogenic E. coli), EIEC (enteroinvasive E. coli), and EaggEC (enteroaggregative E. coli)] is very difficult even with the tools available today. In order to improve the ability of the Centers for Disease Control (CDC) to detect these pathogenic bacteria, the Research and Diagnosis Center established a set of real-time PCR methods to rapidly identify the following 4 types: ETEC, EHEC, EPEC, and EIEC. Six types of virulent genes were chosen for examination; specifically, lt and st for ETEC, stx1 and stx2 for EHEC, eae for EPEC, and ipaH for EIEC. In addition, we compared results of the traditional serotyping method with real-time PCR and found the association between the virulent genes and specific serotypes. Among 137 suspected strains of diarrheagenic E. coli, 15 strains were confirmed to carry virulent genes by real-time PCR, including 10
Chemical composition and in vitro gas production of fermented cassava pulp with different types of supplements

ABSTRACT The effect of different additives on chemical composition, in vitro gas production and dry matter (DM) disappearance of cassava pulp was investigated. The experiment used the completely randomized design with 2 × 2 × 2 factorial arrangement of treatments with control. The control treatment was cassava pulp fermentation without any supplementation. Factor A was a type of microbes including yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) or a mixture of microbes (effective microorganisms (EM)), factor B was supplementation of molasses and urea (MU), and factor C was supplementation of a mixture of exogenous enzyme. It was found that the interaction between factors A and C was significant for crude protein (CP), non-protein nitrogen and non-structural carbohydrate (NSC) contents. MU supplementation increased the CP content of fermented cassava pulp; however, EM and MU addition resulted in a significantly lower NSC and higher neutral detergent fibre fractions than the control. The supplementation showed higher gas production when compared with un-supplemented group, particularly when MU were added. However, DM disappearance was not affected by type of microbe, urea–molasses addition or exogenous enzyme supplement. Thus, the nutritive value of fermented cassava pulp with yeast and EM was improved by MU supplementation but not by exogenous enzyme addition.
Convective water exchanges in a wind-sheltered littoral region of Eau Galle Reservoir, Wisconsin USA

Rates of convective water exchange were estimated for periods of differential cooling from a heat budget model, based on detailed changes in water temperature at stations positioned along the littoral slope of the macrophyte-occupied southwest embayment in Eau Galle Reservoir, Wisconsin. Differential cooling and convective water exchanges occurred nightly over a study period of 14 days in August, 1991. Although wind speeds were negligible during most of the nights, estimated rates of convective exchange (grand mean = 0.00066 m 3 m -1 s -1 ) were sufficient to result in a residence time of only ∼1 day in this embayment. Rates of convective exchange calculated via a heat budget model in 1991 were very similar in magnitude to rates measured in 1989 in another embayment of Eau Galle Reservoir using dye as a tracer for water movement. Our results suggest that substantial horizontal water movements and solute transport can occur in the absence of wind in vegetated littoral regions of lakes.
Invasive species management will benefit from social impact assessment

Summary Invasive species management aims to prevent or mitigate the impacts of introduced species but management interventions can themselves generate social impacts that must be understood and addressed. Established approaches for addressing the social implications of invasive species management can be limited in effectiveness and democratic legitimacy. More deliberative, participatory approaches are emerging that allow integration of a broader range of socio-political considerations. Nevertheless, there is a need to ensure that these are rigorous applications of social science. Social impact assessment offers a structured process of identifying, evaluating and addressing social costs and benefits. We highlight its potential value for enabling meaningful public participation in planning and as a key component of integrated assessments of management options. Policy implications. As invasive species management grows in scope and scale, social impact assessment provides a rigorous process for recognising and responding to social concerns. It could therefore produce more democratic, less conflict-prone and more effective interventions.
Gene Expression in Wilms Tumor: Disturbance of the Wnt Signaling Pathway and MicroRNA Biogenesis

ABSTRACT Wilms tumor (WT) originates from the metanephric blastemal cells that are unable to complete the mesenchymal–epithelial transition, resulting in a tumor with triphasic histology, including blastemal, epithelial, and stromal components. WT shows morphological and molecular characteristics that resemble the fetal kidney. Thus, the study of molecular pathways relevant to normal kidney differentiation provides insight into the events that drive Wilms tumorigenesis. The Wnt signaling pathway has been shown to be crucial for correct kidney differentiation. This pathway is activated by WNT proteins and consists of two highly connected main branches: the canonical (or β-catenin dependent) and the noncanonical (or β-catenin independent). Both branches are essential for controlling embryonic development and adult cell homeostasis. The activation of the canonical Wnt pathway leads to the nuclear accumulation of β-catenin, which acts as a coactivator for transcription factors. In the absence of WNT ligands, this pathway is inactivated by a destruction complex that phosphorylates β-catenin, leading to ubiquitination, proteasomal degradation, and the prevention of β-catenin accumulation in the nucleus. In this context, the expression and mutation analyses of genes involved in Wnt signaling pathways constitute an important approach for understanding WT etiology. Although the activation of the Wnt pathway is well understood in WT samples relative to normal kidney tissue or differentiated kidney cells, there is a remarkable variation among subgroups of WTs. Recently, five WT subgroups were identified, mainly through the use of gene expression data, and only two of them showed clear evidence of Wnt pathway activation, as measured by the presence of β-catenin in the nucleus. Interestingly, some of these subgroups exhibited recurrent germline or somatic mutations in genes involved in microRNA biogenesis, such as DROSHA and DICER. Here, we will review relevant findings regarding Wilms tumorigenesis as revealed by gene expression and mutation analyses, mainly in genes belonging to the Wnt signaling and microRNA biogenesis pathways.