Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Online Traffic Sources and Persuasion Techniques: How to Change Consumer Behavior

One of the biggest challenges electronic commerce managers face today is how to encourage website visitors to act. Usability is no longer enough, and managers must advance into the new world of user experience and persuasive design. This paper examines what drives shoppers to click an add-to-cart button, an important micro-conversion for e-retailers, since it is the first commitment that a visitor makes towards becoming a customer. Therefore, the purpose of this paper is to examine how two persuasion techniques and three different types of visitors promote website conversions. We conducted an online field experiment and data were collected from more than one thousand users who visited more than six hundred different product pages. The results of this experiment reveal that both social proof and scarcity persuasion techniques affect users' behaviors and boost micro-conversion rates. Moreover, visitors from three different traffic channels do not behave diversely while browsing the retailer's website and interacting with these persuasive techniques, extending prior research on multi-channel marketing.
Rethinking Network Policy Coordination: A Database Perspective

Database usage in the context of networking has been focusing on managing factual data --- network state. But database systems are also renowned for mediating among semantic data --- data integrity constraints (ICs) that capture network policies. This paper asks if and how can database systems help with coordinating network policies in the semantically rich environment of SDN and BGP. We identify several problems --- disparate policies buried in the network that hinders rather than facilitates coordination; manual control flow orchestration of SDN policies that burdens the SDN programmer; and overlooked conflicts among interdomain routing policies that, though induced by multiple ASes, are only manifested within a single AS. Driven by these unique problems, we present a preliminary database solution that, using ICs as a unifying knowledge representation, employs automated reasoning to anticipate and to adjust the interplay between policies and the rest of the networking world.
Hypothesis: Etiologic and Molecular Mechanistic Leads for Sporadic Neurodegenerative Diseases Based on Experience With Western Pacific ALS/PDC

Seventy years of research on Western Pacific amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and Parkinsonism-dementia Complex (ALS/PDC) have provided invaluable data on the etiology, molecular pathogenesis and latency of this disappearing, largely environmental neurodegenerative disease. ALS/PDC is linked to genotoxic chemicals (notably methylazoxymethanol, MAM) derived from seed of the cycad plant (Cycas spp.) that were used as a traditional food and/or medicine in all three disease-affected Western Pacific populations. MAM, nitrosamines and hydrazines generate methyl free radicals that damage DNA (in the form of O6-methylguanine lesions) that can induce mutations in cycling cells and degenerative changes in post-mitotic cells, notably neurons. This paper explores exposures to naturally occurring and manmade sources of nitrosamines and hydrazines in association with sporadic forms of ALS (with or without frontotemporal degeneration), progressive supranuclear palsy, and Alzheimer disease. Research approaches are suggested to examine whether these associations might have etiological significance. Lay Summary Unknown environmental exposures are thought to be risk factors for non-inherited forms of certain progressive brain diseases, such as sporadic forms of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (sALS), progressive supranuclear palsy (sPSP), and Alzheimer's disease (sAD). Related progressive and fatal brain disorders coalesce in a single neurodegenerative disease of largely environmental origin (ALS-Parkinsonism-dementia Complex) that has affected three genetically distinct populations residing in islands of the Western Pacific region. Prolonged study of this prototypical neurodegenerative disease has provided invaluable information on the probable environmental cause (specific chemical genotoxins) and molecular mechanisms (unrepaired nerve cell DNA-damage) by which brain degeneration begins, evolves and, years or decades later, clinical signs appear, and progress. This information is used as a foundation to explore whether chemically related genotoxins (nitrosamines, hydrazines) are possible risk factors for sALS, sPSP, and sAD. Methods to test this hypothesis in the field and laboratory are proposed.
Spatial Patterns of Decreased Cerebral Blood Flow and Functional Connectivity in Multiple System Atrophy (Cerebellar-Type): A Combined Arterial Spin Labeling Perfusion and Resting State Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging Study

Multiple system atrophy (MSA) is a progressive neurodegenerative disease. However, little is known about the regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF) and functional connectivity changes in the disease. In this study, the magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) data including 24MSA-c-type patients and 20 healthy controls were collected by using voxel wise arterial spin labeling (ASL) perfusion analysis, several regions of the altered rCBF were identified in the MSA c-type patients. And then, the changes of the functional connectivities of identified rCBF regions were analyzed by using functional MRI (fMRI). Finally, rCBF value of cerebellum was extracted to differentiate the MSA c-type patients and controls. Compared with the controls, the MSA c-type patients showed distinct disruption of rCBF in the cerebellum. The disconnection of the identified cerebellar regions was revealed in several regions in the MSAc-type patients, including right middle frontal gyrus (MFG), right precuneus, left superior temporal gyrus (STG), right lingual gyrus, left postcentral gyrus (PoCG), right cerebellum 7b, right cerebellum 8, and left cerebellum 4,5. These regions were involved in the default mode network (DMN), sensorimotor network, visual associated cortices, and cerebellum. Using the rCBF value of vermis as biomarker, the two groups can be differentiated and reached a sensitivity of 95.8% and specificity of 100%. This is the first study to demonstrate the MSA-specific rCBF abnormalities using the ASL method, which are closely associated with several functional networks on resting state fMRI. The rCBF of vermis might be used as the potential imaging biomarker for the early diagnosis of MSA c-type.
Biomarkers in Post-kala-azar Dermal Leishmaniasis

Post-kala-azar dermal leishmaniasis (PKDL) follows visceral leishmaniasis (VL, kala-azar) in 10–60% of cases. It is characterized by an asymptomatic skin rash, usually starting in the face and consisting of macules, papules, or nodules. Diagnosis is difficult in the field and is often made clinically. There is an extensive differential diagnosis, and parasitological confirmation is preferred particularly when drug treatment is considered. The response to treatment is difficult to assess as this may be slow and lesions take long to heal, thus possibly exposing patients unnecessarily to prolonged drug treatment. Biomarkers are needed; these may be parasitological (from microscopy, PCR), serological (from blood, or from the lesion), immunological (from blood, tissue), pathological (from cytology in a smear, histology in a biopsy), repeated clinical assessment (grading, photography), or combinations. In this paper, we will review evidence for currently used biomarkers and discuss promising developments.
Low Maternal Capital Predicts Life History Trade-Offs in Daughters: Why Adverse Outcomes Cluster in Individuals

Background: Some individuals appear prone to multiple adverse outcomes, including poor health, school dropout, risky behavior and early reproduction. This clustering remains poorly understood. Drawing on evolutionary life history theory, we hypothesized that maternal investment in early life would predict the developmental trajectory and adult phenotype of female offspring. Specifically, we predicted that daughters receiving low investment would prioritize the life history functions of “reproduction” and “defense” over “growth” and “maintenance,” increasing the risk of several adverse outcomes. Methods: We investigated 2,091 mother-daughter dyads from a birth cohort in Pelotas, Brazil. We combined data on maternal height, body mass index, income, and education into a composite index of “maternal capital. ” Daughter outcomes included reproductive status at 18 years, growth, adult anthropometry, body composition, cardio-metabolic risk, educational attainment, work status, and risky behavior. We tested whether daughters' early reproduction (<18 years) and exposure to low maternal capital were associated with adverse outcomes, and whether this accounted for the clustering of adverse outcomes within individuals. Results: Daughters reproducing early were shorter, more centrally adipose, had less education and demonstrated more risky behavior compared to those not reproducing. Low maternal capital was associated with greater likelihood of the daughter reproducing early, smoking and having committed violent crime. High maternal capital was positively associated with the daughter's birth weight and adult size, and the likelihood of being in school. Associations of maternal capital with cardio-metabolic risk were inconsistent. Daughters reproducing early comprised 14.8% of the population, but accounted for 18% of obesity; 20% of violent crime, low birth weight and short stature; 32% of current smoking; and 52% of school dropout. Exposure to low maternal capital contributed similarly to the clustering of adverse outcomes among daughters. Outcomes were worst among daughters characterized by both low maternal capital and early reproduction. Conclusion: Consistent with life history theory, daughters exposed to low maternal capital demonstrate “future discounting” in behavior and physiology, prioritizing early reproduction over growth, education, and health. Trade-offs associated with low maternal capital and early reproduction contribute to clustering of adverse outcomes. Our approach provides new insight into inter-generational cycles of disadvantage.
ON THE TECHNIQUES OF ANAPHORA RESOLUTION

Natural Language Processing (NLP) is the most interesting field of artificial intelligence. It is the field of study that concentrates on the interaction between humans and computers. Through NLP we can make the computers understand, interpret and derive the meaning of human language in a brilliant way. However there are many challenges that are encountered in NLP and, Anaphora is one such issue. Anaphora arises very frequently in written texts and oral discourse. The process of figuring out the antecedent of corresponding referent is Anaphora Resolution, and is needed in various applications of NLP. Although several works have been reported for anaphora resolution in English and other languages, however very few has been done in Hindi . Through this paper we are detailing the review work accomplished till now in Anaphora Resolution. Also, we will detail the various approaches and techniques that have been developed for Anaphora resolution, like Rule based, Corpus-based Approach, etc.
EXTRACTION OF PARAMETERS OF PLANAR SPIRAL INDUCTORS USING GENETIC ALGORITHMS

The fast growth in the microelectronic industry and especially in RF applications needs reliable and predictable hardware. The precise RF model design is an important step in the way of constructing such hardware. The models can be well optimized using Genetic Algorithms (GA) in various applications – parameter optimization, parameter extraction, circuit synthesis. A general approach for parameter extraction of the model parameters of spiral inductors is presented and compared with the results, obtained via similar methods [1,2,3,4]. The presented extraction approach is applicable and with good accuracy. It is based on computer models, developed using the possibilities of MATLAB and GA toolbox [5]. GA programs are designed using the MATLAB GA toolbox for parameter extraction of the model parameters of spiral inductors. A verification of the obtained results for the extracted model parameters is performed by comparison of the simulation results obtained using PSpice of the corresponding model and measurement data given in [4].
Shannon ′ s 信息指数 I ( shan ̄ non ′ s Information index ) ꎻ 参考

In order to explore the genetic structure differences of natural populations of Pinus bungeana in geographical distributions. Genetic structure of 5 distribution regions was studied using 7 pairs of SSR primes. The result showed that 14 polymorphic loci were detected in 476 individuals among five regions. The observed number of alleles(Na)ꎬeffective number of alleles(Ne)ꎬShannon′s information index( I)ꎬobserved heterozygosity (Ho)ꎬexpected heterozygosity(He)ꎬand Nei′s expected heterozygosity(Nei′s) were 1􀆰 7143 2􀆰 1429ꎬ1􀆰 1942 1􀆰 571ꎬ0􀆰 1948 0􀆰 4954ꎬ0􀆰 1726 0􀆰 3116ꎬ0􀆰 1178 0􀆰 3325ꎬand 0􀆰 1172 0􀆰 3307ꎬrespectively. The genetic di ̄ versity was relatively low among regions but the difference was high. The regions with the highest genetic diversity were west side of the Qinling Mountain followed by the Daba Mountain. While the Taihang and Lvliang Mountain were relatively low. Genetic differentiation coefficient(Fst)was between 0􀆰 0138 -0􀆰 2242 and gene flow(Nm)was between 收稿日期:2012 ̄06 ̄14 修回日期:2012 ̄07 ̄10 网络出版日期:2013 ̄04 ̄17 URL:http: / / www. cnki. net / kcms / detail / 11. 4996. S. 20130417. 1134. 001. html 基金项目:“十二五”国家科技支撑计划(2013BA001B06) 作者简介:赵罕ꎬ博士ꎬ主要从事林木遗传资源研究ꎮ E ̄mail:zdh707@ 163. com 通信作者:郑勇奇ꎬ研究员ꎬ主要从事林木遗传资源与遗传多样性研究ꎮ E ̄mail:zhengyq@ caf. ac. cn 0􀆰 8650 17􀆰 8646 among regions. The populations with high genetic differentiation and gene flow were west side of the Qinling Mountain and among the regions of west side of the Qinling Mountain and other regions. Genetic diversi ̄ ty center of Pinus Bungeana were mainly distributed in the west side of the Qinling and Daba Mountain. Thereforeꎬ 植 物 遗 传 资 源 学 报 14 卷 the protection of Pinus Bungeana shoud focus on these regions.
Polarimetry-Based Land Cover Classification with Sentinel-1 Data

The presented research focuses on the assessment of the exploitation of the Sentinel-1 dual polarization data for land cover classification. In order to take advantage of massive data availability produced by Sentinel-1, data used in this research work is Interferometric Wide Swath mode, acquired over the Altmühlsee, Weißenburg-Gunzenhausen, Germany during November 2014. The developed preliminary classifier is based on the interpretation of several polarimetric figures as well as the Dual Polarization Entropy/Alpha Decomposition. Specifically, the following polarimetric indicators will be assessed: the channels crosscorrelation, the cross and co-polar channels ratio and both cross and co-polar backscattering coefficients. The work carried out concentrates on the joint interpretation of the backscattering response of the co-pol and crosspol channels for four or five different distributed targets that set the basis for an unsupervised simple land cover classifier. The developed research targets a preliminary unsupervised classifier able to differentiate between four or five terrain classes, including water, urban, forest and bare soil. Obtained results pave the way for the development of a Sentinel-1 based land classifier.
A Human Cell Theory Adaptive Intrusion Detection Model for Real time Network

Security is always the critical challenge for any distributed information sharing system. These kinds of networks suffer from a different kind of man-in-middle attacks. To improve the network reliability, it is required to identify these attacks over the network. In this work, an intelligent human cell theory adaptive model is presented. The presented model has performed the communication parameter analysis to identify different kinds of DOS attacks. The result shows that the work has successfully as well provided the effective recognition rate.
Analysis of Design Parameters in Safety-Critical Computers

Nowadays, safety-critical computers are extensively used in many civil domains like transportation including railways, avionics, and automotive. In evaluating these safety critical systems, previous studies considered different metrics, but some of safety design parameters like failure diagnostic coverage (C) or common cause failure (CCF) ratio have not been seriously taken into account. Moreover, in some cases safety has not been compared with standard safety integrity levels (IEC-61508: SIL1-SIL4) or even have not met them. Most often, it is not very clear that which part of the system is the Achilles heel and how design can be improved to reach standard safety levels. Motivated by such design ambiguities, we aim to study the effect of various design parameters on safety in some prevalent safety configurations, namely, 1oo2 and 2oo3, where 1oo1 is also used as a reference. By employing Markov modeling, we analyzed the sensitivity of safety to important parameters including: failure rate of processor, failure diagnostic coverage, CCF ratio, test and repair rates. This study aims to provide a deeper understanding on the influence of variation in design parameters over safety. Consequently, to meet appropriate safety integrity level, instead of improving some parts of a system blindly, it will be possible to make an informed decision on more relevant parameters.
Application of deep learning technology in disease diagnosis

[收稿日期] 2018-06-21 [接受日期] 2018-08-01 [作者简介] 王 威,硕士生. E-mail: wangwei0206@ mail.nwpu.edu.cn 通信作者(Corresponding author). Tel: 029-88491840, E-mail: qianair@nwpu.edu.cn 骞爱荣 西北工业大学生命学院副院长,博士,教授,博士生导师。 主要研究方向:人工智能 与医学健康、非编码 RNA 与骨代谢性疾病、骨质疏松(力学去负荷或老年性)发生机制、力学生物 学、细胞生物学及肿瘤细胞生物学等。 国际生物物理学学会会员,美国骨矿物质研究协会会员,欧洲 低重力研究协会会员,陕西省细胞生物学学会理事,中国宇航学会第二届航天医学工程与空间生物学 专业委员会委员,中国空间科学学会会员,中国细胞生物学学会会员,中国生物物理学学会会员。 主 持国家自然科学基金 5 项,发表论文 70 余篇,其中 SCI 收录论文 40 余篇;申报发明专利 20 余项, 已授权 6 项;获陕西省科学技术奖一等奖 1 项。 2011 年荣获“第二届西安青年科技人才奖”,2012 年被评为“教育部新世纪优秀人才”并荣获“第九届陕西省青年科技奖”。
APPROACHING OF ICT IN CO-CREATION OF DIGITAL EDUCATIONAL MATERIALS WITH SUPPORT OF AUTHOR'S TOOLS

The objective of this study is to integrate ICT (Information and Communications Technology) in a pedagogical environment and understand how it is related to the digital competences of the university instructor. In this context, our research seeks to demonstrate how we can generate, disseminate, and manage digital educational materials by using authoring tools and learning objects. This study highlights the linking of co-creation components, focusing on the involvement of both instructors and students in the generation of digital educational materials. It should be noted that the co-creation concept comes from marketing. It implies the collaboration and participation of parties involved in various production processes and services. The study also addresses the co-creation issue as a factor which contributes to the generation of digital educational materials. We review the current academic literature and analyze journals indexed in databases such as ISI Web of Knowledge, EBSCO, and Proquest SpringerLink, published during the last five years. Our contribution to this field is to integrate the digital competences of the university professor, supported by ICT, into the pedagogical environment.
Why Do Stock Exchanges Compete on Speed, and How?

This paper shows that a key driver of stock exchanges' competition on order-processing speeds is the Order Protection Rule, which requires an exchange to route its customers' orders to other exchanges with better prices. Faster exchanges attract more price-improving limit orders because the probability of being bypassed by trades with inferior prices on other exchanges is reduced. When all exchanges speed up, this probability can increase, potentially harming the welfare of investors. In contrast, increasing connection speeds between exchanges raises investor welfare by reducing this probability. Nevertheless, no exchange wants to improve connection speeds because this will reduce its trading volume. I provide empirical evidence showing that slow exchanges lose trading volume to fast exchanges as the latter attract more price-improving orders. I first show that a slow exchange's (IEX) market share of trading volume in stocks with a five-cent tick, the minimum price movement, increases by 13 percent relative to one-cent tick stocks after the introduction of Tick Size Pilot Program in 2016, because price improving is less likely with larger tick size. I then show that after switching from a dark pool to a public exchange, IEX attracts more trading volume in stocks that are more likely to have one tick bid-ask spread as price improving is impossible with binding spread.
VIBRATION-DRIVEN MEMS ENERGY HARVESTER WITH VERTICAL ELECTRETS

A MEMS electret generator with vertical electrets has been developed with the aid of novel soft X-ray charging. Fluorinated parylene deposited on the comb drive is employed as the electret. The resonance frequency and the quality factor of the present early prototype are respectively 6.1 kHz and 10.2. Under external oscillation at the resonant frequency and 15 G, 0.4 Vp-p output has been obtained, which corresponds to 2 nW.
oward optimal value creation through the application of xogenous mono-component protease in the diets of on-ruminants

Exogenous protease has formed part of several commercial enzyme admixtures for the past 15–20 years but has become available as a mono-component enzyme only in the last 5–10 years (Cowieson and Adeola, 2005; Fru-Nji et al., 2011). As part of an enzyme admixture (often also containing various carbohydrases and/or phytase) it is difficult to separate the contributions of the component parts and the efficacy of each has implicit rather than explicit value. However, the effectiveness of mono-component enzymes can be readily assessed under different production and nutritional circumstances and their complementarity with alternative enzymes is readily rendered transparent. The motivation for the use of exogenous protease in non-ruminant nutrition is typically the reduction of feed cost at constant animal performance. This objective is usually achieved via displacement of expensive protein/amino acid sources in the diet through the assignment of a nutrient matrix on the enzyme in least cost formulation. Recently attention has moved from this classical approach to protease application to so-called ‘extra-proteinaceous’ effects including environmental benefits, litter management, enteric resilience, uniformity and microbial stability. Whilst these ‘secondary’ effects may not be the principal motivator for the use of proteases in animal production they are increasingly visible and require explanation. Furthermore, these responses, if understood, allow positive translation to production metrics such as reduced FCR and improved weight gain. It is the purpose of this review to briefly summarise the current state of the art in mono-component exogenous protease use in nonruminants and to suggest mechanisms whereby the ‘extra-proteinaceous’ effects may be explained. Finally, key diet/animal factors that may promote beneficial effects of exogenous protease on live performance will be discussed. © 2016 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/).