Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Youth Entrepreneurship: The Role and Implications for the Indian Economy

Entrepreneurship is an act of starting a new undertaking assuming all the associated risks and responsibilities. It goes beyond just the creation of a new venture to include all the activities necessary to be undertaken to ensure its continuous survival. In the recent times it has become an ultimate tool to tackle almost all the economic problems. The role of entrepreneurship in boosting creativity, economic growth, employment, individual recognition and thereby ensuring economic sustenance has made it a pivotal and much entrusted solution in the hands of strategists to achieve desired results. The ever increasing population and fall in the number of job opportunities available in India makes it even more pivotal when coming to Indian population. For young individuals, it has become an alternative to satisfy their career needs and earn them a decent and much wanted living. Seeing the situation of the India’s developing economy, there is a dire need to come up with an alternative that would not only help fight the problems of unemployment and sagging growth rates but would also help economy in strengthening its footing against the developed economies. Entrepreneurship through its dramatic qualities has come to be one such solution. However, as outlined by many researchers the efforts dedicated to study entrepreneurship in Indian domain has remained very less and unfortunately the number comes almost to negligible when talking of studying the subject from youth point of view. This paper attempts to fill this gap by understanding it from the youth perspective. The study seeks to build an understanding of youth entrepreneurship, its nature, role and implications for the Indian economy. The study also throws a light on the challenges faced by youth entrepreneurs and steps that should be undertaken to tackle these challenges efficiently and encourage young individuals to start their ventures.
Seed Development,Lipid Accumulation and Its Relationship with Carbohydrates and Protein in Xanthoceras sorbifolia Bunge

Xanthoceras sorbifolia Bunge,belonging to the family Sapindaceae,is one of the most valuable oil trees widely distributed in northern China. We studied the lipid accumulation and its relationship with carbohydrates and protein in developing X. sorbifolia seeds. Seed development can be divided into stage Ⅰ from flowering to 33 days after anthesis( d),stage Ⅱ( 34- 47 d),stage Ⅲ( 48- 68 d) and stage Ⅳ( 69 d to maturity) based on morphological traits combined with weight measurements. Oil bodies were first observed in the green embryo at around 33 d. Rapid lipid accumulation commenced at around 40 d and continued to 68 d.The long period of rapid lipid accumulation contributes to a high lipid level in the mature embryo( 60% of dry mass). Differences in the accumulation patterns of lipid,carbohydrates and protein indicate that the lipid synthesis is achieved largely by soluble sugar directly from the photosynthesis of source leaves rather than transiently accumulated starch,and the lipid and protein accumulation are independent processes in the developing embryo. We detected six fatty acids in the developing embryo. Among them,oleic and linoleic acid dominated the lipid composition,but they exhibited contrasting accumulation patterns.
A RAPID TRAJECTORY DESIGN STRATEGY FOR COMPLEX ENVIRONMENTS LEVERAGING ATTAINABLE REGIONS AND LOW-THRUST CAPABILITIES

Designing trajectories in dynamically complex environments is challenging and easily becomes intractable. Recasting the problem may reduce the design time and offer global solutions by leveraging phase space mapping patterns available as accessible regions, and the application of search techniques from combinatorics. A computationally-efficient search process results that produces potential trajectory concepts to meet unique design requirements over a broad range of mission types, including lowthrust scenarios. A successful framework is summarized in terms of four components: (i) Database generation discretization of well-known dynamical structures to form a searchable 2D or 3D volume or map. (ii) Accessible regions establishing reachable regions within the searchable database for a given thruster/engine capability. (iii) Automated pathfinding exploiting machine learning techniques to determine the transport sequence solving for an efficient path. (iv) Convergence/optimization once the transport sequence is determined as a globally efficient concept, it is optimized locally by more traditional numerical strategies.
Biogenic carbon in buildings: a critical overview of LCA methods

The increasing pressure to reduce greenhouse gas emissions from buildings has motivated specialists to develop low-carbon products incorporating bio-based materials. The impact of these materials is often evaluated through life-cycle assessment (LCA), but there is no clear consensus on how to model the biogenic carbon released or absorbed during their life-cycle. This study investigates and compares existing methods used for biogenic carbon assessment. The most common approaches were identified through an extensive literature review. The possible discrepancies between the results obtained when adopting different methods are made evident through an LCA study of a timber building. Results identified that land-use and land-use-change (LULUC) impacts and carbon-storage credits are not included in most existing methods. In addition, when limiting the system boundary to certain life-cycle stages, methods using the –1/+1 criterion can lead to net negative results for the global warming (GW) score, failing to provide accurate data to inform decision-making. Deviation between the results obtained from different methods was 16% at the building scale and between 35% and 200% at the component scale. Of all the methods studied, the dynamic approach of evaluating biogenic carbon uptake is the most robust and transparent. Practice relevance This critical review identified key methodological differences between the most commonly used methods and recommended standards for biogenic carbon accounting in buildings. This indicates a lack of consensus and guidance for conducting LCAs of bio-based construction products and buildings using bio-based materials. A case study applying four different LCA approaches on a timber building identified the inability to compare results and create proper benchmarks. Moreover, different methods lead designers to pursue different strategies to reduce a building’s carbon footprint. Regulators, the construction industry and the construction products industry are directly affected by this lack of comparability. This research highlights the flaws and benefits of commonly used methods. A clear and grounded recommendation is for practitioners to adopt dynamic biogenic carbon accounting for future assessments of bio-based materials and buildings.
Information and Market Price Manipulation in the Unique Equilibrium of a Sequential Trade Model – Preliminary and Incomplete –

In asymmetric information models of financial markets, trading behavior imperfectly reveals the private information held by traders. Informed traders who trade dynamically thus have an incentive not only to trade less aggressively but also to manipulate the market by trading in the wrong direction, undertaking short-term losses to confuse the market and then recouping the losses in the future. Manipulation by an informed trader has been a difficult issue in the literature of market microstructure theory. The contribution to the literature is to prove the uniqueness of equilibrium and characterize it.
Blockchain Voting: A Systematic Literature Review

: The aim of the thesis is to study blockchain-based voting and its methods. In doing so, it is determined how blockchain-based voting works, which types of voting blockchain technology can be used for, and what are the advantages and disadvantages of doing so. A systematic literature review is carried out to study and compare different solutions. The purpose of the systematic literature review is to identify relevant research papers and use them to find and analyze different voting methods that utilize the blockchain. As a result, a framework is compiled summarizing the advantages, disadvantages, components, and possible areas of use of different solutions.
Evaluation of PM2.5 Forecast using Chemical Data Assimilation in the WRF-Chem Model: A Novel Initiative Under the Ministry of Earth Sciences Air Quality Early Warning System for Delhi, India

Sachin D. Ghude*, Rajesh Kumar, Chinmay Jena, Sreyashi Debnath, Rachana G. Kulkarni, Stefano Alessandrini, Mrinal Biswas, Santosh Kulkrani, Prakash Pithani, Saurab Kelkar, Veeresh Sajjan, D. M. Chate, V. K. Soni, Siddhartha Singh, Ravi S. Nanjundiah and M. Rajeevan Indian Institute of Tropical Meteorology, Ministry of Earth Sciences, Pune 411 008, India National Center for Atmospheric Research, Boulder, CO 80301, USA Department of Atmospheric and Space Sciences, Savitribai Phule Pune University, Pune 411 007, India Centre for Development of Advanced Computing, Pune 411 008, India India Meteorological Department, Ministry of Earth Sciences, New Delhi 110 003, India Centre for Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences, Indian Institute of Science, Bengaluru 560 012, India Ministry of Earth Sciences, Government of India, New Delhi 110 003, India
Adaptive Trafﬁc Light System of Four-Phase Intersection using Reinforcement Learning

—This paper proposes an adaptive trafﬁc light system for four-phase intersection using reinforcement learning. The existing adaptive trafﬁc light system using two-phase order so far. While the four-phase order in the intersection can avoid vehicle conﬂict and decrease the vehicle waiting time. Therefore, the reinforcement learning algorithm is used to optimize the reward of reducing waiting time in the intersection through real-time trafﬁc information and trafﬁc light control formulation. The simulation results show the validation of reward can decrease the waiting time of the training system of deep neural networks
The Niche of Tetranychus cinnabarinus and Its Predatory Enemies in the Bt Cotton Field

The temporal and spatial niche of Tetranychus cinnabarinus and its predatory enemies in transgenic Bt cotton and conventional cotton field in Mid-Changjiang River valley has been studied.The results suggested that there were no significant differences in population density of Tetranychus cinnabarinus between two types of cotton fields,whereas Tetranychus cinnabarinus in Bt cotton field had wider breadth of temporal and spatial niche than that in conventional field.This implied that there were a longer period of occurrence and more complex damage about Tetranychus cinnabarinus to Bt cotton than to Non-Bt cotton.At the same time,investigation also displayed that all of nature enemies had wider spatial niche breadth,Propylaea japonica,Harmonia axyridis,Scolothrips takahashi and Abrolophus sp.had wider temporal niche breadth,and Tetranychus cinnabarinus possessed higher overlap in temporal and spatial niche with its predators in Bt cotton.This indicated that competition between predators became more severity,which would strengthen control to Tetranychus cinnabarinus in Bt cotton field.The reason was analyzed by the theory of niches.
Research of cell protection based on ER stress

Endoplasmic reticulum(ER),the largest intracellular organelles is associated with protein modification,folding and calcium store.The accumulation of unfolded protein and disorder of calcium can lead to ER stress.Endoplasmic reticulum stress-induced apoptosis is closely related to many diseases.Studies have shown that simulation of the unfolded protein response to suspend protein synthesis or interfere with biological macromolecules accelerating apoptosis to against apoptosis,bringing about the protection in ER stress related cell injury and interfering with related diseases.
New Anthraquinone Derivative Produced by Cultivation of Mangrove Endophytic Fungus Fusarium sp. ZZF60 from the South China Sea

A new anthraquinone derivative,6,8-dimethoxy-1-methyl-2-(3-oxobutyl) anthrakunthone(1),together with five known compounds,7-hydroxy-3-(4-methoxyphenyl)-chromen-4-one(2),2,4-dihydroxy-6-[(1′E,3′E)-penta-1′,3′-dienyl]-benzaldehyde(3),(E)-4hydroxycinnamic acid methyl ester(4),4-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-butan2-ol(5),and 4-hydroxybenzoic acid(6),were isolated from the marine mangrove endophytic fungus Fusarium sp.ZZF60 from the South China Sea.Their structures were elucidated by spectral data of IR,MS and NMR.In the preliminary bioassay,compound 1 showed cytotoxicity towards Hep2 and HepG2 with IC_50 values of 16 μmol/L and 23 μmol/L,respectively.
Androgen-Metabolic Genes in Prostate Cancer Predisposition and Progression

Prostate cancer is the most common nonskin cancer and the second leading cause of cancer deaths among men in most Western countries, including the US and Australia. Despite its high morbidity and mortality, the etiology of prostate cancer remains elusive. Longstanding clinical and compelling laboratory data suggest a role for androgens in prostate carcinogenesis. This chapter reviews the status of research on hormones, particularly androgens, and prostate cancer and focuses first on hormone-related genetic loci in constitutional (“germline”) DNA. This set of loci has been investigated in a number of studies to date that will undoubtedly expand further. These data provide insights into susceptibility for prostate cancer. This review next explores the emerging field of somatic mutations in tumor (“somatic”) DNA in androgen-metabolic genes, especially the androgen receptor and the type II steroid 5α-reductase. Integration of these forthcoming data with those on susceptibility may provide novel insights into the etiology and progression of prostate cancer. These lines of investigation may lead to the presymptomatic identification of high-risk individuals for active disease prevention, diagnostic improvements in affected men and personalized treatment. Current and future data on individual markers and genes should be integrated into a comprehensive, pathway-based picture that includes constitutional DNA (for prostate cancer susceptibility) and tumor DNA (for disease progression). These efforts may lead to a comprehensive genetically based risk and progression assessment algorithm.
METABOLOMICS IN HUMAN NUTRITION: OPPORTUNITIES AND CHALLENGES

Metabolomics has been widely adopted in pharmacology and toxicology but is relatively new in human nutrition. The ultimate goal, to understand the effects of exogenous compounds on human metabolic regulation, is similar in all 3 fields. However, the application of metabolomics to nutritional research will be met with unique challenges. Little is known of the extent to which changes in the nutrient content of the human diet elicit changes in metabolic profiles. Moreover, the metabolomic signal from nutrients absorbed from the diet must compete with the myriad of nonnutrient signals that are absorbed, metabolized, and secreted in both urine and saliva. The large-bowel microflora also produces significant metabolic signals that can contribute to and alter the metabolome of biofluids in human nutrition. Notwithstanding these possible confounding effects, every reason exists to be optimistic about the potential of metabolomics for the assessment of various biofluids in nutrition research. This potential lies both in metabolic profiling through the use of pattern-recognition statistics on assigned and unassigned metabolite signals and in the collection of comprehensive data sets of identified metabolites; both objectives have the potential to distinguish between different dietary treatments, which would not have been targeted with conventional techniques. The latter objective sets out a well-recognized challenge to modern biology: the development of libraries of small molecules to aid in metabolite identification. The purpose of the present review was to highlight some early challenges that need to be addressed if metabolomics is to realize its great potential in human nutrition.
Proceedings of Meetings on Acoustics

We proposed the Active Noise Control (ANC) system reduce the loud MRI sound. It was important for performance improvement of the system. Therefore we estimated the sound source of MRI acoustical noise. The position of the sound source of MRI acoustical noise was between the center and the edge in the gantry of MRI equipment. MRI equipment is important for the medical inspection which gets the tomography of the body without X-ray. The patient of the MRI inspection needs to use the ear protector because the MRI equipment generated the loud sound which the sound pressure level was around 100dB. The study considers improvements to the acoustical environment when using the ANC system for MRI patient. The ANC system we developed is a feedforward system MRI acoustical noise is unsteady and pulsed. The system uses non-magnetic devices ear protectors, and optical microphones, because the MRI rooms are highly magnetic environments. We determined the sound source of MRI acoustical noise to set the reference microphone. In this case, it was shown that the reduction effect of the ANC system for acoustical noise by the computer simulation. As a result, the system reduced the MRI acoustical noise by around 50dB.
Measurement of Deformability of Biological Cell Passing through Single Micro Slit between Walls

A single micro slit has been designed between walls to observe the deformation of a cell passing through the slit in vitro. The micro slit of 0.015 mm width, 0.1 mm length and 0.05 mm height was fabricated between walls of weirs on the glass plate using the photolithography technique. The single micro slit is set in the flow path between parallel plates, of which dimension of the cross section has 2 mm width and 0.05 mm height. Three types of biological cells were used in the test alternatively: C2C12 (mouse myoblast cell line), Hepa1-6 (mouse hepatoma cell line), and Neuro-2a (mouse neural crest-derived cell line). The suspension of cells was introduced into the slits by the pressure difference between the inlet and the outlet, which was kept by the gravitational level of the medium. The cell passing through the slit was observed by the microscope. The movement and the shape of the cell was analyzed at the video images. The elastic modulus of myoblast passing through the slit estimated by the velocity (1 mm/s) and by the deformation ratio (0.5) of the cell in the slit was 102 Pa. The experimental results show that the designed slit has capability to measure deformability of the cell.
Characteristics of Medium-Term Management Plans and Relation with Stock Price

We constructed a medium-term management plan database with cooperation from IFIS Japan and examined the characteristics of firms that disclose their medium-term management plans, together with the relevance of such disclosures to stock prices. The results indicated that low growth firms actively disclose plans so as to correct discounts in stock prices, whereas high-profitability firms tend not to disclose such a plan to avoid a competitive disadvantage. It is further shown that although medium-term management plans serve to increase stock prices through a reduction in agency cost, it is important that firms set realistic targets.
Multiperspective Perceptron Predictor with TAGE

I present a branch predictor based on the idea of viewing branch history from multiple perspectives, combining perceptron-based prediction and TAGE. A hashed perceptron predictor uses previous outcomes and addresses of branches organized in ways beyond the traditional global and local history. This multiperspective perceptron predictor with TAGE achieves a mean mispredictions per 1000 instruction (MPKI) rate of 5.226 given an 8.25KB hardware budget, 4.048 for a 64.25KB hardware budget, and 2.967 for an unlimited hardware budget.
EM-Side-Channel Resistant Symmetric-Key Authentication Mechanism for Small Devices

We provide a novel electro-magnetic (EM) side-channel resistant symmetric-key authentication mechanism for small devices that uses a Benes network to permute the on-board authentication-key before computing a MAC of a challenge with the key. The permutation itself is derived from the challenge using a hash function acting as a random oracle. The solu-tion has interesting applications such as forgery detection of currency bills.
Real-world outcomes of genetic testing in a GU genetics clinic and evaluation of current guidelines.

668 Background: Several known hereditary cancer syndromes confer an increased risk for genitourinary (GU)-related malignancies. Various guidelines indicate when to refer patients to genetic counseling for GU cancers, but there are limited data on the performance of these guidelines in clinical practice, and the association between testing outcome and clinical and familial features that may delineate a heritable syndrome. The purpose of this study is to determine the most common indications for ordering genetic testing in a GU Genetics Clinic and evaluate the relationship between the indication for germline testing and outcome. Methods: An IRB-approved retrospective chart review was performed for 350 patients seen in a GU Genetics Clinic at a single comprehensive cancer center from 2014-2018. Subgroups of patients were formed based on their indication for genetic testing. Exact binomial tests were used to compare the proportion of patients with a positive (pathogenic or likely pathogenic) germline variant for those with vs. without each indication. Results: All patients had a genetic evaluation due to a personal or family history of GU cancer. The majority (324 of 350, 92.5%) were evaluated for either renal cell carcinoma (RCC) or prostate cancer (PrCa). Among patients seen for RCC-related evaluation (n = 159), 23 patients (14.5%) tested positive. Meeting published clinical criteria for a hereditary RCC syndrome significantly predicted positive testing ( P< 0.001). No other indication for testing, including RCC diagnosis ≤ 46 years, predicted for positive germline genetic test results. No positive patients were identified by age of RCC onset alone. Among patients seen for PrCa-related evaluation (n = 173), 13 (7.5%) individuals tested positive; all positive variants were in ATM or BRCA2. A single patient (1/13) was identified by metastatic PrCa status alone. Conclusions: Our data suggest current algorithms lack specificity for selecting individuals with RCC or PrCa at risk for germline mutations, and need to be revised. Evaluation of pedigrees and identifying presence of syndromic features are essential and increase the probability of identifying individuals at risk for harboring a germline mutation.
Labour Productivity Measurement method using 3D BIM of a Commercial Project

1 Student, Dept. of Civil Engineering, Mar Athanasius College of Engineering Kothamangalam, Kerala, India 2Professor, Dept. of Civil Engineering, Mar Athanasius College of Engineering Kothamangalam, Kerala, India ---------------------------------------------------------------------***--------------------------------------------------------------------Abstract Knowledge of labour productivity is essential for cost estimation and progress control. Current advances in 3D Building Information Modelling (BIM) applications have allowed for the practical development of BIM-based visual progress control systems. It is estimated that, around 25-30% of concreting cost is for formwork & requires about 60 % of time in construction. Hence, it is necessary to determine labour productivity associated with formwork. The goal of this thesis is to explore the importance of labour productivity data for measuring compound progress. Therefore, this paper develops a field labour productivity data acquisition method by integrating a 3D model with associated information. To evaluate the productivity rates of labours for formwork, relevant code along with past data was considered. Comparison between the actual productivity and planned productivity, using these productivity rates were done and the information was recorded graphically. Minimum future productivity percentage of the building was then determined.