Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
ACCOUNTING AND GOVERNANCE COMPLEXITIES IN PUBLIC PRIVATE JOINT VENTURES: A UK HEALTH SECTOR CASE STU DY

PURPOSE – Accounting, scrutiny and oversight of Public Pri vate Partnerships (PPP) remain areas of concern. This paper contributes to address ing these concerns by examining the financial accountability and governance issues that are created in PPP joint venture structures. DESIGN/METHODOLOGY/APPROACH –The empirical work focuses on the health sector, which is identified as one of the sectors i nundated by PPP activities. We adopt a case study approach in relation to two PPP schemes under the Local Improvement Finance Trust (LIFT) scheme in the UK’s health sector. We investi gate the extent to which the corporate structures of the LIFT scheme complicate financial accountability and governance including external scrutiny; and the extent to which the LIFT scheme enhances partnership working. FINDINGS – Firstly, the corporate structure of the LIFT sch eme is very complicated and therefore the joint venture mechanism cannot be rel ied upon to deliver transparency of reporting. Secondly, there is lack of continuity of public sector oversight and monitoring as the public sector, in practice, restricts its activ ities to pre-operational phase and limited oversight after construction phases. Thirdly, while partnership working is very difficult in the context of profit seeking under the LIFT structure, partnership working and success of the LIFT scheme may depend on trust and key personaliti es working together as well as leadership. RESEARCH IMPLICATIONS – The reporting undermines public accountability a s it is necessarily restricted. ORIGINALITY/VALUE Policy makers should pay attention to not only t he private sector technologies but also the manner in which they are used to benefit finance capital.
Genomic Survey, Transcriptome, and Metabolome Analysis of Apocynum venetum and Apocynum hendersonii to Reveal Major Flavonoid Biosynthesis Pathways

Apocynum plants, especially A. venetum and A. hendersonii, are rich in flavonoids. In the present study, a whole genome survey of the two species was initially carried out to optimize the flavonoid biosynthesis-correlated gene mining. Then, the metabolome and transcriptome analyses were combined to elucidate the flavonoid biosynthesis pathways. Both species have small genome sizes of 232.80 Mb (A. venetum) and 233.74 Mb (A. hendersonii) and showed similar metabolite profiles with flavonols being the main differentiated flavonoids between the two specie. Positive correlation of gene expression levels (flavonone-3 hydroxylase, anthocyanidin reductase, and flavonoid 3-O-glucosyltransferase) and total flavonoid content were observed. The contents of quercitrin, hyperoside, and total anthocyanin in A. venetum were found to be much higher than in A. hendersonii, and such was thought to be the reason for the morphological difference in color of A. venetum and A. hendersonii. This study provides valuable genomic and metabolome information for understanding of A. venetum and A. hendersonii, and lays a foundation for elucidating Apocynum genus plant flavonoid biosynthesis.
Effect of supplemental prebiotic, probiotic and turmeric in diet on the performance of broiler chicks during summer

Day-old Cobb broiler chicks (n = 240) were distributed randomly into 16 lots of 15 each. Eight dietary treatments: prebiotic @ 1 g/kg diet, probiotic @ 0.1 g/kg, turmeric @ 1 g/kg either singly or in all possible combinations at respective dose levels, were offered to duplicate groups of chicks upto 42 days of age and their productive performance evaluated. Results revealed that various feed additives used in the study affected the growth and feed efficiency of chicks significantly (P < 0.05). Chicks fed diet containing probiotic and its prebiotic combination gained significantly more body weight than those fed other diets. Although feed consumption was not significantly affected due to dietary treatments, chicks fed probiotic or prebiotic alone utilized feed significantly more efficiently better than those of birds in other dietary groups. Data on feed cost (Rs/kg live weight gain) revealed a significant (P < 0.05) positive effect of the three supplements in helping reduce production cost of broiler chicks.
Formulation of biological control agents

Biological control, in the broadest sense, could be defined as the use of living agents to control pests, plant pathogens and weeds; in this context both the activities of man and the use of resistant plants might be included. This chapter addresses only the formulation requirements of microbial agents used for crop protection and public health. Although some success is being achieved with the use of parasitoids and predators, especially in the glasshouse industry, and some ingenious formulations have been developed for this purpose, these applications are beyond the scope of this book. During the past decade, biological control has received increasing attention from the scientific community, the press and the public. This has been fuelled by a desire for non-chemical means of controlling plant pests, pathogens and weeds. The research effort expended in this area has increased dramatically in both public and private sectors over this period, and this is beginning to be reflected in the number of biological control products available in the marketplace. Although sales volume remains modest, these products are achieving substantial rates of sales growth (Wood Mackenzie, 1991) which, in general, outstrip those of the crop protection market as a whole, providing a further impetus for research.
THE CHANGING MAS: HANDLING DOMINANT PROFESSIONAL RESISTANCE IN AN ITALIAN HEALTHCARE ORGANIZATION ABSTRACT

Purpose: The purpose of this paper is to identify how a change in the Management Accounting Systems (MAS) of complex organizations such as hosp ital , becomes effective, and what the implications for practitioners and professionals in volved in such a process are. Design: The study employs a longitudinal case study (May 2009/December 2012) of the most representative University Hospital in the South of Italy, which has experienced a process of change in its MAS since 2007, and is informed by Habermas’ theory as refined by Broadbent and Laughlin. Findings: The study reveals that the change in the MAS of t he healthcare organization examined has been effective thanks to the involvement of pro essionals in the on-going process of change. This involvement brought about a reduction in their natural tendency to resist, and increased the commitment of the various groups of professionals t o the new business culture. Value: This paper potentially provides academics and practitioners in volved in complex processes of change with useful suggestions concerning the re lationships between supporters of change and dominant/resistant groups of professionals.
PRELIMINARY HUMAN FACTORS GUIDELINES FOR AUTOMATED HIGHWAY SYSTEM DESIGNERS. VOLUME II: USER-SYSTEM TRANSACTIONS

Human factors designing is designing to match the capabilities and limitations of the human user. The objectives of this human-centered design process are (1) to maximize the effectiveness and efficiency of system performance, (2) to ensure a high level of safety, and (3) to maximize user acceptance. These objectives are achieved by systematically applying relevant information and principles about human abilities, characteristics, behavior, and limitations to specific design problems. This handbook provides a source document for Automated Highway System (AHS) designers that will facilitate a human-centered design process for the AHS.
Incidence of retinopathy of prematurity and some related factors in premature infants born at Amir –al- Momenin hospital in Semnan, Iran

Introduction: Retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) is a retinal damage in preterm and low weight born infants, which can lead to blindness. Therefore, in this study we tried to investigate the probability of ROP incidence and some other related factors in preterm infants in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) of Amir-al-Momenin hospital in Semnan. Materials and Methods: This study included 270 preterm infants with gestational age less than 37 weeks or birth weight less than 2000gr. The infants were treated with different concentrations of oxygen, and at 32-33 weeks of corrected gestational age or 4-6 weeks after birth were examined for ROP by using an indirect ophthalmoscope Results: 55.2% infants were male. The lowest gestational age was 28 week and the highest was 36. 21.5% of premature infants were weighed less than 1500gr and only 2.6% of them received more than 60% oxygen concentration. Incidence of ROP in these neonates was 1.1%. The incidence of ROP in infants with birth weight up to 1500g was 5.2%. No ROP development was detected in infants above 1500g. The relationship between birth weight and the incidence of ROP was significant (P= 0.010). Also, the incidence of ROP in infants who received oxygen concentration up to 60% was 0.4%, and in those who received oxygen concentration more than 60% was 28.6%. The relationship between oxygen concentration and the incidence of ROP was significant (P=0.002). There was no significant relation between gender, gestational age and the incidence of ROP. Conclusion: Our findings show that the incidence of ROP in this region is considerably lower than that in other regions of Iran and the world. The probable reasons might be suitable oxygen therapy in neonatal intensive care unit or death of infants at very low gestational age in this center. Nevertheless, the cause of this serious disease in neonates warrants further investigation and assessments Keywords: Retinopathy of Prematurity, Infant Premature, Ophthalmoscopy, Oxygen Inhalation Therapy
THE USE OF HIGH ENERGY PROTONS FOR CEREBRAL SURGERY IN MAN

Exploratory studies in three patierts using the 185-Mev proton beam of the 230-cm Uppsala synchrocyclotron for localized irradiation of brain lesions are reported. Such a narrow beam of ionizing radiation may be used to transect intracerebral fiber tracts and to destroy discrete deep-seated volumes of brain tissue. With this technique it is not necessary to open the skull, and bleeding and infection are thereby avoided. Such stereotaxic radiosurgery of the brain might be useful as a supplement to conventional techniques for localized tissue destruction. Since D 1958, the 185-Mev proton beam has been used on a small group of patierts, and the results of the first three operations performed one to three years ago are reported. One patient had a psychic disorder, another pain due to cancer metastases, and the third Parkinsonism. Preliminary measuremerts indicated that irradiation of small, restricted regions in the brain could be done with more precision by using the high-energy part of the course of penetration of the 185-Mev protons rather than by the use of the Bragg peak of the depth-dose curve. Therefore, the same cross-fire techniques as described earlier in the previous experiments on goats was used. Thus, the protons entered the patiert's skullmore » at almost full energy in a parallel, 2- or 3-mm wide beam, practically unaffected by scattering in the window, air, and ionization chamber through which they passed after leaving the vacuum of the synchrocyclotron. Cross-firing was performed by stepwise rotation of the patiert, the target region being at the rotation center of the stereotaxic instrument through 16 to 21 fields giving doses of 16 to 25 krad at this point. The ionization chamber used was calibrated in terms of ideal center dose by measuring the C/sup 11/ activity induced in small polstyrene cylinders, 1 mm in diameter, irradiated at the rotation center. The irradiation parameters are tabulated. The stereotaxic instrument used supported the patient's head during irradiation is described. Using local anesthes the instrument was fixed to the skull by means of drills which penetrated a few millimeters into the bone. The target structure was localized in relation to reference points visible on the pneumoencephalogram of the patient by comparison with a template, prepared from a standard ventriculogram from a cadaver brain. Only the patient with Parkinsonism was irradiated under general anesthesia. Therapeutically effective lesions were produced during the first weeks following irradiation. No side effects due to the radiosurgical procedure were observed. The patient with the carcinoma died and the lesion found at autopsy was studied histopathologically. The early radiosurgical lesion in man was found to be similar to lesions studied earlier in animals. (BBB)« less
Overview of the Immunoglobulin G4-related Disease Spectrum

Immunoglobulin G4 (IgG4)-related disease is a newly named fibroinflammatory condition characterized by tumefactive lesions that contain dense lymphoplasmacytic infiltrates rich in IgG4-positive cells. Elevated serum IgG4 concentrations also often accompany IgG4-related disease. Many medical conditions that were long viewed as diseases confined to single organs (e.g., Mikulicz disease, type 1 autoimmune pancreatitis, Riedel’s thyroiditis, multifocal fibrosclerosis, inflammatory pseudotumor, mediastinal fibrosis, retroperitoneal fibrosis, and etc.) are now designated as part of the spectrum of IgG4-related disease. The preferred nomenclature suggested by a committee of international experts uses the prefix “IgG4-related-” for individual organ involvement, regardless of the organ system affected. One exception is type 1 autoimmune pancreatitis (IgG4-related pancreatitis). Comprehensive diagnostic criteria for IgG4-related disease and organ-specific diagnostic criteria (e.g., IgG4related dacryoadenitis and sialadenitis, type 1 autoimmune pancreatitis, IgG4-related kidney disease and IgG4-related sclerosing cholangitis) can aid clinicians in the diagnosis of this erratic condition. Korean J Pancreatobiliary 2015;20(3):124-129
Effects of military training on aerobic fitness, serum hormones, oxidative stress and energy balance, with special reference to overreaching

Tanskanen, Minna Effects of military training on aerobic fitness, serum hormones, oxidative stress and energy balance, with special reference to overreaching Jyvaskyla: University of Jyvaskyla, 2012, 110 p. (Studies in Sport, Physical Education and Health ISSN 0356-1070; 187) ISBN 978-951-39-4960-0 (nid.) ISBN 978-951-39-4961-7 (PDF) In Finnish compulsory military service, all conscripts have to perform the same physical training program. This may cause some conscripts to exceed their capacity to tolerate the physical load imposed and hence contribute to overreaching (OR) in a multi-stressor military environment. Therefore, this study evaluated the training load of an 8-week Finnish military basic training (BT) period during wintertime and the incidence of OR. A further aim was to investigate the associations between physical fitness, energy balance, fatness, mood state and training load during BT and during an 8-day intensive training course (TC) with easy-to-use energy supplementation. The results showed that the physical training load ( 4 MET) of BT is two hours per day with a half hour rest, such as a daily nap ( 1.0 MET), and is comparable to values found in persons performing strenuous work or daily competitive athletic training. During the first 4 weeks of BT, positive training responses as indicated by improved aerobic fitness and decreased oxidative stress, were observed. In the second half of BT, increased somatic symptoms of OR and several physiological and biochemical markers indicated that the training load was not well tolerated by all the conscripts, 33% of whom were classified as OR. OR subjects did not have increased fat mass or lower fitness before BT. Instead they showed increased oxidative stress and concentration of serum sex hormone binding globuline at rest. During BT, the OR subjects had higher physical activity than the noOR subjects. Moreover, the results confirm that markers of oxidative stress, serum cortisol, testosterone/cortisol -ratio at rest and maximal lactate/RPE -ratio could be useful tools for monitoring whether military training is too stressful. Of the three factors of energy balance, fitness and fatness, fatness limited the most high-level training while fitness protected from sick leave. TC did not have an adverse effect on physical performance. Although energy supplementation improved positive mood state, it did not prevent energy deficit or influence physical activity or performance. However, negative mood state affected energy intake already before TC. In conclusion, this thesis provides new evidence of the vulnerability of the conscripts to OR and supports the promotion of optimal energy intake to enhance performance during a strenuous military training period.
NEWBORN CALVES' FEATURES IN RELATION TO THE TYPE OF DELIVERY

Several studies on babies have shown that the type of delivery can influence the hematological and immune status of the newborn. In bovine medicine, some authors reported the hematological pattern of the newborn calf, but never related it with the calving process or other perinatal factors. The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the hematological profile in newborn calves in relation to the type of delivery. A total of 41 healthy calves were enrolled; 16 Friesian calves which were born by vaginal delivery without assistance (VD), and 25 Belgian Blue calves that were born by elective Caesarean section (CS). As soon as the calves were born, a complete clinical examination was performed to verify viability and maturity. At 10 min after birth, 2 mL venous blood was collected to perform the blood gas and acid-base evaluation. Blood samples were
Avaliação do desenvolvimento experiencial de pacientes com prótese ocular: a focalização no atendimento clínico

El presente estudio tuvo como objetivo verificar la eficacia de la herramienta de focalizacion utilizado en breves intervenciones con pacientes con la protesis ocular. Se realizo un estudio cuasi-experimental de casos y controles con una muestra compuesta por 10 participantes en el grupo experimental y ocho en el de control. El Test de la Habilidade Experiencial (THE) se utilizo para recopilar datos en dos puntos, pre-teste/pos-teste. El grupo experimental experimentaron cuatro sesiones terapeuticas de la focalizacion. El tamano del efecto de la diferencia en el crecimiento promedio del grupo experimental y el grupo de control fue pequena-moderada (d = 0,38, p = 0,44). Se discuten las implicaciones de los resultados para la practica de la psicologia clinica.
Quantification of Groundwater Nitrate Loading after Raspberry Field Renovation Using High-Resolution Passive Diffusion Sampling

The Abbotsford-Sumas Aquifer is a permeable, unconfined aquifer in British Columbia, Canada, where raspberry (Rubus idaeus L.) production is an important source of groundwater NO3 contamination. Renovation of raspberry fields (i.e., canes chopped, soil tilled and fumigated, and spring manure application prior to replanting), which typically occurs every 6 to 10 yr in response to decreased crop vigor, has been suggested as a possible cause of significant interannual variation in groundwater NO3 concentrations. This study used high-resolution passive diffusion sampling to quantify the magnitude and timing of NO3 loading to shallow groundwater from a commercial raspberry field during a 6-yr (2009–2015) monitoring period after crop renovation. After renovation, the annual NO3 loading increased from ? 95 kg N ha −1
The Long-Term Care Needs of Geriatric Psychiatry Patients

The length of hospital stay varies widely between geriatric patients, particularly those waiting for long-term care placement. A number of studies attempt to predict which hospitalized older adults are likely to require long-term care placement, but few studies examine the factors that affect the length of time for geriatric patients with psychiatric diagnoses to be discharged from hospital to long-term care. This retrospective chart review examines the characteristics of 925 geriatric patients discharged to long-term care over a 3 year period from a Vancouver Island urban hospital. This paper compares geriatric patients from general units versus those in psychiatric units who are discharged to long-term care. Analyses focus on: 1) describing differences in physical function and mental status between the 2 groups of geriatric patients (i.e. general versus psychiatric); and 2) identifying factors that may affect the length of time for discharge from hospital to nursing home. Findings indicate that frail, elderly women are discharged relatively quickly from hospital to long-term care facilities. However, geriatric patients in psychiatric units are a distinct subset which is more likely to be male and to have behavioural and psychological symptoms of dementia (BPSD) that present challenges to longterm care placement and contribute to delays in discharge. Recommendations include providing long-term care staff the necessary education and training to care for those with dual mental health and geriatric diagnoses who have more challenging care needs as well as increasing the availability of long-term care facilities with the necessary design features (e.g., single occupancy rooms, secure units) for this population.
The educational gradient and the gender differential of parental employment in Norway , France , Belgium , Austria , West-Germany , Estonia , Romania , Bulgaria , Hungary and Georgia

Maternal employment is the outcome of a cost-benefit calculation involving a variety of factors. In line with Coale’s preconditions for behavioural innovation, we group these factors under the heading ‘readiness’ (maternal employment is economically advantageous), ‘willingness’ (maternal employment is acceptable at both the societal and individual level) and ‘ability’ (welfare state provisions that support maternal employment are available and accessible). Using data from the Generations and Gender Surveys, this paper documents the educational gradient and the gender differential of parental employment in Norway, France, Belgium, Austria, West-Germany, Estonia, Bulgaria, Hungary, Romania and Georgia. The results indicate that the level of maternal employment is elevated in Norway, with a limited educational gradient. In Belgium and France and even more so in Estonia, Bulgaria, Hungary and Romania, the educational gradient of labour force participation is very pronounced, particularly among mothers. Austria and West-Germany show low levels of maternal employment, regardless of education. The between-country differences in maternal employment are subsequently set off against differential attitudes concerning parental employment and differential uptake of family policies in the countries considered.
APHASIA IN ADULTS Diagnosis, Prognosis and Treatment

standing neurological interest. Jung and Komhuber present results of electronystagmography on the staggering number of 13,000 patients. They are able to illuminate the classification of the nystagmus and make out a strong case for their method as an adjunct to neurological diagnosis. Hallpike reports an electronystagmographic study of the effort of optic fixation on the directional preponderance of vestibular nystagmus in unilateral cerebral disease and neatly resolves apparent contradictions between his results and those of the German workers. A general review of the effect of brain lesions on eye movements is given by Cogan. The book is well worth looking at for these three articles alone, but the reader will also find more of interest on subjects such as binocular fusion, position sense ofthe eyes, the stabilized retinal image, and the relationship of the E.E.G. to eye movements during waking and sleep.