Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
An Oncologist’s Dilemma: How to Effectively Eliminate CNS Cancers in Children with Radiation Therapy Whilst Preserving Cognitive Function?

Cranial irradiation is commonly adopted in the treatment of central nervous system (CNS) tumours, even in younger cancer patients, despite its severe early and late side effects. One of the major consequences of using radiation therapy in the CNS is the inevitable occurrence of normal tissue toxicity and resultant morbidities including cognitive dysfunction, learn- ing impairments and a lower quality of life. These symptoms are in part due to an arrest in the production or survival of neural precursor cells in particular proliferative regions of the brain including the hippocampus. As the population of childhood survivors of CNS or metastatic malignancy grows, more attention must be paid to the debilitating cognitive co-morbidities resulting from radiation therapy in particular. Protective prophylactic pharmaco- logical agents and precise ‘hippocampal-sparing’ radiation techniques should be considered during treatment, while drug or behavioral interventions may be indicated during a patient’s long term follow up period. This brief review overviews radiation therapy uses and mechanisms, investigates some of the currently known cellular and molecular events that lead to functional decline post-irradiation, examines the scarce therapies available to childhood CNS cancer survivors for their long-term cognitive morbidities to date and identifies possible therapeutic niches that could be targeted either during or post-radiation therapy to attenuate its long term consequences in the human brain.
Cultivation Of Melliferous (Honey) Plants To Improve Honeybee Colony Health And Productivity While Providing Valuable Crops For The Development Of Short Food Chains And Rural Development

A lack of floral quality and diversity is among the multiple factors causing health problems to honeybees. Small areas of flowered managements bordering industrial faming systems are often considered to offer more nectar and pollen resources to honeybees. Instead, we propose to use these plants as full crops, thus increasing their availability to honeybees and providing small market opportunities for rural development. Annual and perennial plants were selected for their potential value as a crop for culinary, aromatic, medicinal or agronomic use. Plants trails were done in 20M X 50M plots in two low revenue agricultural environments of the Lanaudière region (Québec, Canada). Control sites were established in a conventional industrial agricultural region. A total of 30 hives were monitored. Plant attractivity to honeybees and the impact of their proximity to hives on colony health was followed tree times a week. Brood development was assessed and bee mortality in front of hives was registered. Pollen in honey was identified, honeybee visits to flowers were recorded and standing crop nectar sugar concentrations (BRIX) were measured. Regional agronomic success of the 90% of the selected plant species shows a high potential for cultivation of these crops. Results show a 48% higher development of brood and an average 30% increase in honey yield in colonies placed near melliferous plant plots compared to hives placed in an industrial agriculture landscape. In order to evaluate public appreciation of experimental crops, aromatic plants were harvested, integrated into dark chocolate and cheese recipes, or transformed into pesto, and offered for tasting to visitors during four regional harvest and field day events. These types of foods could a have a significant presence in short food chain distribution and the strengthening of these chains could eventually offer new large-scale opportunities for rural development while providing healthier resources for Honeybees.
Studies on total antioxidant activity of the extract of Nyctasnthes arbortristis flower extract by DPPH radical-scavenging activity and superoxide anion scavenging activity assay

The fee radicals (oxidants) are species with very short half-life, high reactivity and damaging activity towards macromolecules like proteins, DNA and lipids. In general, the reactive oxygen species (ROS) circulating in the body tend to react with the electron of other molecules in the body and these also effect various enzyme systems and cause damage which may further contribute to conditions such as cancer, ischemia, aging, adult respiratory distress syndromes, rheumatoid arthritis etc. Some plants are considered as important source of nutrition and as a result of that they are recommended for their therapeutic values. Treatment with medicinal plants is considered very safe as there is no or minimal side effects. These remedies are in synchronization with nature, which is the biggest advantage. The medicinal value of the chosen plant Nyctanthes arbortristis flower extract has not been extensively worked out. Therefore, the present study was to investigate the in vitro antioxidants activity of Nyctanthes arbortristis flower extract. The ethanolic extract was screened for in vitro antioxidant activity by oxygen radical scavenging such as DPPH, total antioxidant assay and superoxide metal chelation activity at different concentrations. Throughout the studies flower extract showed marked antioxidant activity. The antioxidant activity was found to be concentration dependent and may be attributed to the presence of bioflavonoids content in the flowers of Nyctanthes arbortristis.
Extraction of Dietary Fiber from Apple Flesh Pomace Using Hemicellulase

In this study,the hemicellulase extraction process of dietary fiber from apple flesh pomace was optimized,and the structures and properties of soluble dietary fiber and insoluble dietary fiber were studies. The results showed that hemicellulase optimum dosage was 90 U / g,enzymolysis temperature was 50 ℃,pH value was 4. 6,enzymolysis time was5 h. Under the optimal extraction condition,the extraction yield reached 18. 97%. The soluble dietary fiber was higher in solubility and lower in viscosity after enzymolysis. The expansibility and retention ability of insoluble dietary fiber were improved. Compared with controls,the infrared spectrum of soluble dietary fiber and insoluble dietary fiber showed the similar properties of polysaccharides and chemical bond,their microstructure showed a clear change.
Study of thermally developed flow of viscous fluid over a porous stretching surface contacting gyrotatic microorganisms using buongiorno model

Recent trend in advanced nanotechnology has developed the thermal consequences of nanoparticles due to increasing significance in various engineering and thermal extrusion systems. In this continuation, two-dimensional flow of viscous nanoliquid in the presence of gyrotactic micro-organisms encountered by a porous stretched surface is addressed numerically. The novel aspects of Brownian diffusion and thermophoresis are studied by using Buongiorno model. The thermal radiation impact is imposed in the energy equation. A set of pertinent transformations has been suggested to transform the governing non-linear partial differential equations into system of non-linear ordinary differential equations. A famous numerical method, finite difference technique, is engaged to acquire the numerical solution of modeled dimensionless equations. The flow analysis for effects of numerous prominent parameters on velocity, temperature, concentration and motile micro-organisms profiles is presented graphically. In the presence of thermal radiation, velocity profiles detract with augment of bioconvection Rayleigh number and buoyancy ratio parameter, while opposite trend is observed for boosting the Grashoff number. The porous medium as well as the radiation enhance the fluid temperature.
Maternal and fetal amino acid metabolism in gestating sows

Among livestock species, swine exhibit the most severe naturally-occurring intra-uterine growth restriction (IUGR) primarily due to a reduction in net protein synthesis. Thus, new knowledge about fetal metabolism of amino acids (AA), which are building blocks for proteins and regulators of intracellular protein turnover, can provide a solution to this problem. Among all AA, requirements of glutamate and glutamine by fetal pigs are quantitatively the highest, but cannot be met through uterine uptake alone. Nearly all glutamate and ~70% glutamine in diets for gestating swine are degraded in the maternal small intestine and, therefore, do not enter the portal circulation. This necessitates interorgan AA metabolism involving maternal skeletal muscle, placenta, and fetal skeletal muscle to synthesize glutamate and glutamine from branched-chain AA, as well as storage of glutamate and glutamine in allantoic and amniotic fluids. The porcine placenta does not degrade arginine or glutamine, leading to their maximal transfer from maternal to fetal blood. Therefore, maternal sources of ornithine and proline play a major role in the placental synthesis of polyamines needed for placental growth including placental vascular growth. Likewise, during late gestation, uterine uptake of arginine, proline and aspartate/asparagine cannot meet requirements for optimal fetal growth. To provide sufficient arginine, the fetal small intestine synthesizes citrulline and arginine from glutamate and glutamine, and fetal kidneys convert citrulline into arginine. Collectively, glutamine and arginine are major sources of AA nitrogen transferred between mother and fetus. Results of recent studies indicate that dietary supplementation with these two AA can ameliorate IUGR in swine. These findings greatly advance the field of maternal-fetal AA metabolism in pigs, but also have important implications for improving reproductive efficiency in swine production worldwide.
Analysis, Design and Implementation of a Waveguide Filter and High Power Limiter

In this paper a new method for designing waveguide filters has been introduced. In addition to the filtering function, this filter can be used as a power limiter for protecting the receiver from high power input signals. In order to validate the design procedure, An X-band filter is designed and implemented by a new method and the results have been compared with measurement. Excellent agreement between measured and simulated results was achieved.
Echocardiographic evaluation of sepsis induced myocardial dysfunction in patients with sepsis or septic shock: a prospective cohort study

Background: Sepsis-induced myocardial dysfunction (SIMD) occurs in 50% of septic patients and is characterized by reduced ejection fraction (EF), cardiac index, impaired contractility, and diastolic dysfunction (DD). In sepsis-induced cardiomyopathy (SICM), EF shows initial significant deterioration on the 1st day, then final improvement at the end of the study. This study evaluated the value of different parameters measured with trans-thoracic echocardiography (TTE) in the diagnosis and prognosis of SIMD in the surgical intensive care unit (SICU). Methodology: This prospective cohort study was conducted on 100 patients, aged from 18 to 50 years admitted to SICU being affected by sepsis or septic shock. TTE parameters [EF, tricuspid annular systolic excursion (TAPSE), inferior vena cava (IVC) diameter, E/A ratio and grading of DD and hemodynamic parameters [mean arterial blood pressure (MAP), heart rate (HR), central venous pressure (CVP)] on admission, three day post-admission and after one week. Results: The mortality rate was 45%. DD was found in 90%. The mortality group had higher DD, higher HR, and lower MAP than the surviving group, with an insignificant difference in LVEF, TAPSE, IVC, and CVP on the 3rd and 7th days. Sepsis-induced cardiomyopathy (SICM) was found in 31% of surviving patients. DD (grade III had the highest mortality followed by grade I then grade II), HR >110 bpm, and MAP < 65mmHg are independent factors that negatively affect the duration of survival significantly. Conclusion: TTE in patients with sepsis or septic shock is vital for diagnosis and prognosis. DD, tachycardia (HR >110 bpm), and hypotension (MAP < 65mmHg) are independent predictors of mortality in those patients. Patients with SICM (little reversible impairment of LV systolic function) had a good prognosis. Keywords: Sepsis Induced Myocardial Dysfunction, Diastolic dysfunction, Sepsis, Septic Shock Preregistration: The study was registered in the Ethical Committee of Faculty of Medicine, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt (approval number: 31728/08/17) Abbreviations: SIMD–Sepsis-induced myocardial dysfunction; SICM–sepsis-induced cardiomyopathy; TTE– transthoracic echocardiogram. EF–Ejection fraction; DD–diastolic dysfunction; MD–Myocardial dysfunction; TAPSE–tricuspid annular systolic excursion; SICU–surgical intensive care unit Citation: El-Oraby MA, Shaban AES, El-Dada AA, El-Badawy AEH. Echocardiographic evaluation of sepsis induced myocardial dysfunction in patients with sepsis or septic shock: a prospective cohort study. Anaesth pain intensive care 2021;25(2):150-162. DOI: 10.35975/apic.v25i2. 1463 Received: 6 November 2020, Reviewed: 30 December 2020, Accepted: 3 February 2021
Reaching Difficulty Model of Swinging Operations of a Hydraulic Excavator Considering the First-Order Delay

Hydraulic excavators are used for various purposes, such as excavation, dismantling, and leveling. The accurate positioning of the excavator is particularly important in loading operations, such as positioning a bucket immediately above a target. The positioning of a bucket via the swinging operation can also be regarded as a kind of pointing operation. There are the dynamic characteristics of hydraulic excavators. However, a pointing motion model that considers dynamic characteristics, such as delay, has not been proposed. In this study, the swinging operation of a hydraulic excavator was simulated and experiments were performed to clarify the relation between the dynamic characteristics of hydraulic excavators and their work efficiency. The dynamic characteristics of the swinging operation of the hydraulic excavator were assumed as a first-order system with dead time. Based on this result, a new difficulty model considering dead time and the time constant was proposed, and it was compared with the original Fitts’ model based on the coefficient of determination. It was confirmed that the proposed model represented difficulty more accurately compared to the original Fitts’ model.
AGGRESSIVE BEHAVIOR IN PRESCHOOLERS, EXPLANATORY THEORETICAL MODELSAND SOLUTIONS FOR EDUCATORS AND PARENTS

This article explores the meaning and origin of aggression in the early years of life. Eight ways of violent behavior are suggested, which originate in the early years of childhood. These include: the contribution of individual factors; the effects of broken family dynamics, parental characteristics and policies, the impact of exposure to violence, and the influence of attachment in relationships. Other influences, such as: aggression in relation to medical problems, the influence of neurological development, explanations of psychodynamics, such as aggression in relation to the reflective capacity of mothers, are also discussed. Aggression in the early years of childhood is not taken seriously, and is often considered to be part of the maturation process. To understand this fact, it is necessary to examine the central theme of aggression, individual socio-cultural aspects, versus aggressive behavior and the significance of aggression. The severity and frequency of aggressive behavior can be reduced by early intervention. In this sense, there is clear evidence, which attests in addition to an optimal psychoemotional development of the individual, practically marking an improvement of the individual's life at all levels.
Synthesis of silver nanoparticles by chemical and biological methods and their antimicrobial properties

ABSTRACT Biogenic synthesis of nanoparticles offers an attractive alternate to chemical synthesis methods. Various hazard free, eco-friendly methods of synthesis of silver nanoparticles are in operation. In chemical reduction methods, the reducing agent is a chemical solution, whereas in biological ones, the collection of enzymes, especially nitrate reductase, plays this role. The highest antibacterial activity of silver nanoparticles synthesised by chemical and biological methods was found in Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli. The paper aims to discuss some fundamental issues about non-biological methods and benefits about biological methods for silver nanoparticles synthesis and their antibacterial studies.
Low Density Lipoprotein-oxidation Inhibitory Phytochemicals from the Fruits of Rhus parviflora

Fruits of Rhus parviflora were extracted with 80% aqueous methanol (MeOH), and the concentrated extract was partitioned using ethyl acetate (EtOAc), n-butanol (n-BuOH), and H2O, successively. Purification of EtOAc fraction led to isolation of fifteen polyphenols of which structures were identified by spectroscopic methods including 2D-NMR. Most compounds apart from compound 10 inhibited low density lipoprotein- oxidation within IC50 value of 10 µM. Among compounds, taxifolin (2), quercetin 3-O-α-L-rhamnopyranoside (13), agathisflavone (5) sulfuretin (4), and aureusidin (3) showed IC50 values 0.9, 0.8, 5.8, 2.9, and 2.4 µM which were of highly significant in comparison positive control butylated hydroxytoluene with IC50 value of 2.1 µM. The results indicate fruits of R. parviflora as a source of anti- hypercholesterolemic compounds.
Elevated C-reactive protein among symptomatic youth with bipolar disorder

Rationale and Objectives: Increased levels of high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (CRP) are associated with mood symptoms in adults with bipolar disorder (BD). The few studies on this topic in youth with BD have not included controls. We, therefore, examined CRP levels in relation to symptomatic status in youth with and without BD. Methods: Participants included 154 youth (mean age 17 years; 48 asymptomatic BD, 39 symptomatic BD, 67 healthy controls (HC)). Rank analysis of covariance test examined group differences in CRP, controlling for age and sex. Correlation between CRP and mood symptom severity was examined using Spearman’s correlation within the BD group. Results: There were significant group differences in CRP levels (F(2,151) = 5.06, p = 0.007, η p 2 = 0 . 06 ); post hoc analyses showed higher CRP levels in the symptomatic BD group compared with HC (p = 0.01). In sensitivity analyses, this finding was no longer significant after controlling for body mass index (BMI). CRP was not significantly associated with symptomatic severity. Conclusions: CRP levels are elevated among symptomatic youth with BD, partly related to BMI. As elevated BMI is associated with mood symptom burden, prospective studies are warranted to parse the associations among mood symptoms, BMI, and inflammation. Given the proportion of time that youth with BD are symptomatic, present findings raise concern about the long-term impact of elevated CRP on blood vessels, brain, and related clinical outcomes.
Hydrogen generation enhanced by nano-forest structures

In the ongoing attempts to alleviate current energy constraints, hydrogen gas, H2, is drawing much attention as an alternative energy storage medium to address the issues of limited energy resources as well as air pollution associated with conventional energy technologies. Here we report H2 generation by thermochemical water-splitting employing a hierarchical CeO2 nanostructure which allows for maximizing the reaction surface area and enhanced H2 generation at relatively low temperatures (800 °C or below). More importantly the nanostructure retains the surface area during H2 generation. The large surface area of the nanostructure was achieved by growing one-dimensional CeO2/SnO2 core–shell nanowires on a three-dimensional porous disk. Namely the three-dimensional core–shell “nanowire-forest” has increased H2 generation by 45.5% at 800 °C, in comparison to conventional CeO2 thin-film-coated disks used as a reference. Furthermore the total amount of H2 generated by the nanowire forest over one thermal cycle is greater than that of the previously reported values. We believe that such hierarchical CeO2 nanostructures offers a highly effective means for producing H2 gas as well as for other catalytic reactions.
Synergistic Value

Synergistic value integrates insights from the stakeholder theory the resource based view theory and shared value. The stakeholder theory provides opportunities to align business practices with societal expectations and sustainable environmental needs. Businesses ought to reconcile disparate stakeholders’ wants and needs (e.g. employees, customers, investors, government, suppliers etc.). By forging alliances with internal and external stakeholders business can create synergistic value opportunities. This may lead to an improvement in mutual trust and understanding. As a result, there are also benefits for corporate reputation, brand image, customer loyalty and investor confidence. This societal engagement also responds to third party pressures, it lowers criticisms from the public and minimises regulatory problems by anticipating legal compliance.
Does Price Image Matter in B2B Market? Effect of Pricing Capability on Firms' Price Image, Customer Value and Business Performance

While a growing number of consumer market studies reveal that price image is strategically important for the retailers who own it, no study has explored the role of price image in the business market. The Resource-based view (RBV) framework is used to fill a gap in the extant literature by building a conceptual framework that explores the relationships between pricing capability, firms' price image (FPI), customer value, and business performance in the Indian business-to-business (B2B) Small and Medium Enterprise (SMEs) context. A conceptual framework is tested using Partial Least Square Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) on a sample of 127 Indian B2B SMEs. The research findings show pricing capability is substantially linked to FPI, customer value, and business performance. FPI also has a favorable impact on both customer value and business performance.
Approximate Submodularity in Network Design Problems

The paper “Approximate Submodularity in Network Design Problems” studies general network design problems where a firm strategically selects its network to better match supply and demand in the future. The paper observes that the arcs in network design problems are cover modular, i.e., approximately substitutes with each other, in the sense that local changes in the objective function can be used to bound global changes. The cover modularity is then applied to prove that a set of simple and intuitive heuristics achieve constant factor approximation guarantees in network design problems. Furthermore, the paper demonstrates cover modularity is also present in a general class of linear programming formulations.
A Disclosure Approach to Government Transparency: Implications for Accountability and Standard-Setting

This paper argues that disclosure theory can provide novel and counterintuitive insights to scholarly debates on the relation between transparency, accountability, and accounting standard-setting. Through a brief summary of the main tenets of the theory, it will be recalled that whenever information systems are costly or unable to provide precise signals to governments, a lack of transparency is likely to ensue that is not attributable to public officials’ opportunistic motives. As a result, in these circumstances accountability is best served by transparency on the motives that prevent full disclosure. The arguments are illustrated through the example of the rules underlying the reporting of income tax revenues.