Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
An Overview of Temperature Issues in Microwave-Assisted Pyrolysis

Microwave-assisted pyrolysis is a promising thermochemical technique to convert waste polymers and biomass into raw chemicals and fuels. However, this process involves several issues related to the interactions between materials and microwaves. Consequently, the control of temperature during microwave-assisted pyrolysis is a hard task both for measurement and uniformity during the overall pyrolytic run. In this review, we introduce some of the main theoretical aspects of the microwaves–materials interactions alongside the issues related to microwave pyrolytic processability of materials.
ISOTONIC BEVERAGE EFFECT ON SURFACE HARDNESS OF BULK-FILL TYPE COMPOSITE RESIN

Background : Bulk-fill composite resin is a restorative material that can be applied directly to a cavity with 4 mm thickness. This benefits the dentist because it can accelerate restoration process. Isotonic drinks are one of soft drink categories that are popular among Indonesian people. This drink has an acidic pH and there are several other chemical contents that may affect the surface hardness of bulk-fill type composite resin. Purpose : The purpose of the study was to analyze changes in the hardness of bulk-fill composite resin surface after the immersion in isotonic drinks. Method : The type of this research was a true experimental study with post-test only and control group design. The shape of bulk-fill composite resin samples was cylinder with 10 mm diameter and 4 mm thickness. The study consisted of 3 treatment groups. The first group was immersed in isotonic drink A, the second group was immersed in isotonic drink Mizone and the third group was immersed in steriled distilled water for 18 hours respectively. The surface hardness was then measured using Vickers Microhardness Tester. Results : The result of One Way ANOVA and Bonferroni Post-Hoc test showed p value < 0.05, which means that there is a significant difference in the hardness of bulk-fill composite resin surface after the immersion in isotonic drink A and isotonic drink Mizone. Conclusion : Bulk-fill composite resin immersed in Mizone has the lowest hardness value than those immersed in drink A and distilled water.
Facebook Interactions Utilization for Addressing Recommender Systems Cold Start Problem across System Domain

Recommender systems face cold start problem at the time of inception which researchers have addressed by transferring rating knowledge from auxiliary to target domain, hence laying the foundation of cross domain recommender systems (CDRS). Recently social media has been utilized as a potential auxiliary domain for recommender systems because they provide interactions such as likes, read, download, play, click etc., for related items. Among existing social media, Facebook provides rich social interactions, broadly grouped as private and public social interactions. Although research exists on private Facebook social interactions, Facebook public social interactions were not explored before. In this paper, we propose Facebook Direct Social Recommendation (Facebook DSR) approach which transforms Facebook’s public interactions related to a social page into rating matrix and generate recommendations for provided list of items. Relative ratings obtained from proposed algorithm and random approach were compared with Movielens ratings. It was observed that proposed approach outperformed random approach threefold with respect to mean absolute error (MAE) evaluation and 19.4 % with respect to precision evaluation for new user cold start scenario. Finally, this study highlights future directions.
Dynamic formation and destruction process of stacking fault tetrahedra in single-crystal Ni during nanoscale cryo-rolling

ABSTRACT Stacking fault tetrahedra (SFTs) are known to form during the rolling process of face-centered cubic metals and to deteriorate their structural properties. However, the atomistic mechanism of formation and destruction of SFTs during such material processing is still unclear. We have performed molecular dynamics simulations of the nanoscale cryo-rolling process for single-crystal nickel and here report the mechanism behind the formation and collapse of SFTs. It is found that SFTs are formed through dissociation of Shockley partial dislocation loops in the specimen. On the other hand, destruction of SFTs occurs under compressive stress and follows an inverse Silcox-Hirsch mechanism.
Design and simulation analysis of Lattice bone plate based on finite element method

Abstract A lattice plate was designed based on topological optimization and finite element modeling. The simulation of solid plate system and lattice plate system was carried out. The lightweight design of plate was realized. The results show that the weight of the plate can be reduced by about 40%. The lattice plate is sensitive to the thickness. By reducing the thickness of the plate in a small range, the stiffness of the plate can be significantly reduced. The application of lattice plate improves the average stress of the skeleton by about 4% and reduces the stress shielding effect of skeleton.
The temperature dependence of subthreshold characteristics of Si and SiC power MOSFETs

the slope of – Abstract In the paper, subthreshold characteristics of Si and SiC MOSFET power transistors in a wide range of current and temperature are considered. Representative examples of measured i D - v GS dependencies for temperatures from 20 ° C up to over 140 ° C are presented and discussed. Substantial differences of the shapes obtained for Si and SiC devices are observed. The subthreshold slope and subthreshold swing coefficient are extracted from measured curves for two types of devices and compared.
One-step synthesis, characterisation, photocatalytic and bio-medical applications of ZnO nanoplates

ABSTRACT Zinc oxide (ZnO) nanoplates were synthesised via the calcination of zinc acetate along with orange peel powder at 500°C for 4 h. The phase purity and average crystallite size of the prepared ZnO nanoplates were determined using Debye-Scherer's formula from the most intense peaks of X-ray diffraction (XRD). Fourier transform infrared (FT IR) spectroscopy was used to ascertain the surface functional group and metal-oxygen bond in the sample. Diffuse reflectance (DRS) UV-Visible absorption and photoluminescence (PL) spectroscopy were used to examine the optical property of the sample. Both scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) revealed that the prepared sample has plate-like morphology with different dimensions. The ZnO nanoplates showed enhanced photocatalytic activity against rhodamine B (RhB) under UV light irradiation within 60 min. In addition, the as-prepared ZnO nanoplates were also used for H9c2 cardiomyoblasts cells to find the activity against MTT. Graphical abstract
ASPECT AND FORCE DYNAMICS: WHICH IS MORE ESSENTIAL TO RESULTATIVES?: Verbs: Aspect and Causal Structure , by William Croft, Oxford University Press, Cambridge, Oxford, 2012, xvii+448pp.

This paper discusses the theory of event structure proposed in Croft (2012), which integrates aspectual and force-dynamic representations. Aspectual structure, which is represented two-dimensionally according to the time dimension and the qualitative state dimension, is integrated with a forcedynamic (and causal) representation, forming a three-dimensional representation. The three-dimensional event structure is then applied to the analysis of resultatives, along with many other linguistic phenomena. While prototypical resultatives may be characterizable in aspectual terms as Croft maintains, a closer inspection reveals that some resultatives resist a unified, aspectual characterization. If anything, some characteristics of resultatives may be better approached in terms of force-transmission. For the proposed theory to be truly explanatory, it remains to work out which characteristics of resultatives are to be accounted for in aspectual terms and which in force-dynamic terms. *
Bond Slip Law and Micropore Structure of Freeze-thaw Concrete

In order to study the influence of freeze-thaw cycles on the bond-slip relationship between concrete and steel bars, uniaxial compression and pull-out tests were carried out on concrete cubes experiencing 0, 25, 50 and 75 freeze-thaw cycles according to the existing stress models and the related concepts of ultimate bond force after freeze-thaw cycles. The bond stress and slip law between freeze-thaw concrete and steel bar are obtained. At the same time, the bond slip curve can be fitted by Bigaussian function. The results showed that with the increase of freeze-thaw times, the micro-pore structure on the surface and inside of concrete expands, the uniaxial compressive strength decreases, and the bond stress and slip between steel bar and concrete decrease.
High fabrication tolerance and broadband silicon polarization beam splitter by point-symmetric cascaded fast quasiadiabatic couplers

We propose a high fabrication tolerance and broadband silicon polarization beam splitter (PBS) by cascading point-symmetric 3-dB couplers designed using fast quasiadiabatic dynamics (FAQUAD). The FAQUAD strategy only requires access to a single control parameter, and it can shorten the conventional adiabatic designs, maintaining the broadband characteristic and robustness to fabrication errors. The 3-dB FAQUAD coupler for the TM0 mode is made invisible to the TE0 mode due to a large difference in their adiabaticity parameters. Moreover, the system of cascaded point-symmetric devices further enhances the bandwidth and fabrication tolerance of the FAQUAD PBS. The total length of the FAQUAD PBS is 89.4 µm. We find that the FAQUAD PBS exhibits > 10 dB extinction ratio (ER) for the input TM0 mode and the input TE0 mode over a bandwidth of 240 nm and 260 nm, with excess losses below 0.4 dB and 0.021 dB, respectively. The PBS also exhibits excellent fabrication tolerance, showing an ER > 24 dB and an excess loss 16.8 dB and an excess loss 15.3 dB and excess loss 15.9 dB and excess loss < 0.015 dB for the TE0 mode are observed.
A novel soft start method of super large capacity high voltage motor

The large current generated by starting directly of super large capacity and high voltage induction motor would have a huge impact on the grid as well as the motor itself. The variation of the power factor and electromagnetic torque during direct start of motors with different capacity and voltage levels are obtained. Aiming at the problem that the secondary impact of auto-transformer starter is too large and the cost of magnetic control starter is too high, the auto-transformer and magnetic control soft start method of super large capacity and high voltage motor is proposed and the basic working principle is analyzed. The calculation formula of cost for magnetic control soft starter and auto-transformer and magnetic control soft starter is deduced, and specific examples are analyzed and compared. It is concluded that the choice of auto-transformer with appropriate tapping ratio can greatly reduce the cost of auto-transformer and magnetic control soft starter compared with the other one. Finally, the simulation and experiment results show that the start method can effectively avoid secondary current impact and constrain the motor starting current to less than 2.5 times the rated current.
A probabilistic model for state sequence analysis in hidden Markov model for hand gesture recognition

The role of gesture recognition is significant in areas like human‐computer interaction, sign language, virtual reality, machine vision, etc. Among various gestures of the human body, hand gestures play a major role to communicate nonverbally with the computer. As the hand gesture is a continuous pattern with respect to time, the hidden Markov model (HMM) is found to be the most suitable pattern recognition tool, which can be modeled using the hand gesture parameters. The HMM considers the speeded up robust feature features of hand gesture and uses them to train and test the system. Conventionally, the Viterbi algorithm has been used for training process in HMM by discovering the shortest decoded path in the state diagram. The recursiveness of the Viterbi algorithm leads to computational complexity during the execution process. In order to reduce the complexity, the state sequence analysis approach is proposed for training the hand gesture model, which provides a better recognition rate and accuracy than that of the Viterbi algorithm. The performance of the proposed approach is explored in the context of pattern recognition with the Cambridge hand gesture data set.
Short- and Long-Term Wettability Evolution and Corrosion Resistance of Uncoated and Polymer-Coated Laser-Textured Steel Surface

We present the results of one year observation of wetting and corrosion properties of nanosecond fiber laser-textured stainless steel, uncoated and coated with epoxy or FAS (fluoroalkylsilane)-TiO2/epoxy. A comparative study was performed on samples kept under ambient conditions and in reduced air pressure and humidity. The results show the ability to induce wettability conversion from initially superhydrophilic to final superhydrophobic state either indirectly by ageing the uncoated laser-textured surface or directly by application of FAS-TiO2/epoxy coating. The storage conditions significantly influenced the wettability development of uncoated laser-textured steel, i.e., the process of ageing was slowed down in reduced air pressure and humidity. Detailed surface chemical analysis revealed that adsorption of the organic matters from the surrounding media influences the wettability conversion and ageing. However, the ageing of the coated surfaces was not affected by the storage conditions. Corrosion stability of uncoated laser-textured surfaces was enhanced over time due to the wettability transition, depending on their morphology. Coatings represent a superior barrier over the texture and wettability with the stable long-term surface protection against aggressive media.
Semantic Based Clustering for Image Retrieval

— Existing web image search engines such as Google and AltaVista return a large quantity of search results, ranked by their relevance to the given query. Web users have to go through the list and look for the desired ones. This is a time consuming task since the returned results always contain multiple topics and these topics are mixed together. Things become even worse when one topic is overwhelming but it is not what the user desires. We consider the problem of clustering Web image search results. Generally, the image search results returned by an image search engine contain multiple topics. Organizing the results into different semantic clusters facilitates users’ browsing. (Abstract)
Diode-laser absorption spectroscopy - applications in medicine and environmental monitoring

A major part of this thesis work has been research in a medical project, where, together with industry and clinical partners, the aim was to develop a prototype system for non-invasive monitoring of premature babies based on the optical measurement technique gas in scattering media absorption spectroscopy (GASMAS). Part of the project was to develop a 3D-printed tissue phantom based on chest X-ray images of the thorax of a premature infant. Experiments were conducted on the phantom, where the oxygen and water vapor content in the lungs were evaluated for different light source- and detector positions. Furthermore, delivery of light with a diffusor attached to the surface of the model was compared with internal light delivery through an optical fiber. A pre-clinical study was performed on anesthetized newborn piglets with different inspired oxygen concentrations and induced lung complications using both dermal and internal light illumination. The measurements with internal illumination were performed by delivering the light through an optical fiber with a diffuse end, and the optical fiber positioned in the esophagus of the piglet. The inspired oxygen concentration was stepwise increased and decreased while measuring the oxygen and water vapor content using two diode lasers emitting at a wavelength of 764 nm and 820 nm, respectively. From the absorption at the two wavelengths an oxygen concentration could be evaluated. When investigating the oxygen content during induced lung complications, i.e., pneumothorax and atelectasis, different responses of the absorption and transmission were identified for the two cases. The project was concluded by a clinical study on healthy newborn infants, where the light was delivered through a diffuser placed in the armpit and the detector was positioned on the thorax of the infant. The initial results are promising; it was possible to detect oxygen absorption signals. However, the study also shows that the system needs further improvements in order to deliver strong enough signals for reliable oxygen diagnostics.In this thesis, work is also presented on atmospheric monitoring of CO2 using differential absorption Lidar (DIAL) based on a tunable, continuous-wave (CW) diode laser with an emission wavelength at 1573 nm. The diode laser was coupled to a fiber amplifier to achieve output powers about 1.3 W. The backscattered light was range resolved by arranging the laser beam, collection lens and a line array detector in Scheimpflug geometry, where focus is achieved along the laser beam. This technique is known as Scheimpflug Lidar. From the recorded DIAL curves, CO2 concentrations of around 400 ppm were evaluated. In addition, aerosol releases in the beam path were studied by observing backscattered light from two diode lasers, one emitting in the near-infrared (980 nm) and the other one in the short-wave infrared region (1550 nm). (Less)
A Geosimulation for the Future Spatial Distribution of the Global Population

The United Nations provide detailed projections for the size of the urban and rural populations for every country in the world up to the end of the century. This paper presents results from the development of a geosimulation that predicts the future geographic distribution of the global population on a grid at 1km resolution. Starting from the status quo, the simulations project the development of population numbers for every grid cell, as well as its future land cover class between the classes urban, suburban, and rural. Our initial results indicate that we will see massive population growth in areas close to the equator, which will cause challenges for the provision of drinking water, food, and energy in the face of climate change. The simulations also show that the size of the urban extents will likely more than triple to accommodate both the additional population and the continuing trend of moving from rural to urban areas.
Fluorescence investigation of epoxy resin LG 285 and mathematical description of the curing process

In this paper, steady-state fluorescence spectroscopy is used to investigate the curing of two-component epoxy resin LG 285. Moreover, the process of curing is mathematically described. The mixture of resin and hardener HG 287 is measured at five different temperatures (50 °C, 60 °C, 70 °C, 80 °C and 90 °C) for five and a half hours. The results indicate that the process of curing of epoxy resin decelerates with time and accelerates with increasing temperature. Furthermore, the energy of the barrier is calculated.
Thermal tuning of protein hydration in a hyperthermophilic enzyme

Water at the protein surface is an active biological molecule that plays a critical role in many functional processes. Using NMR-restrained MD simulations, we here addressed how protein hydration is tuned at high biological temperatures by analysing homologous acylphosphatase enzymes (AcP) possessing similar structure and dynamics under very different thermal conditions. We found that the hyperthermophilic Sso AcP at 80°C interacts with a lower number of structured waters in the first hydration shell than its human homologous mt AcP at 37°C. Overall, the structural and dynamical properties of waters at the surface of the two enzymes resulted similar in the first hydration shell, including solvent molecules residing in the active site. By contrast the dynamical content of water molecules in the second hydration shell was found to diverge, with higher mobility observed in Sso AcP at 80°C. Taken together the results delineate the subtle differences in the hydration properties of mt AcP and Sso AcP, and indicate that the concept of corresponding states with equivalent dynamics in homologous mesophilic and hyperthermophylic proteins should be extended to the first hydration shell.
Cloud detection of remote sensing images on Landsat-8 by deep learning

Cloud is always the weak and even uninformative area inevitably existing in the remote sensing images, and greatly limits the development of remote sensing applications. Accurate and automatic detection of clouds in satellite scenes is a key problem for the application of remote sensing images. Most of the previous methods use the low-level feature of the cloud, which often generate error results especially with thin cloud or in complex scenes. In this paper, we propose a novel cloud detection method based on deep learning framework for remote sensing images. The designed deep Convolution Neural Network (CNN) which can mine the deep features of cloud consists of three convolution layers and three fully-connected layers. Using the designed network model, we can predict the probability of each image that belongs to cloud region, and then generate the cloud probability map of the image. To demonstrate the effectiveness of the method, we test it on Landsat-8 satellite images. The overall accuracy of our proposed method for cloud detection is higher than 95%. Experimental results indicate that both thin and thick cloud can be well detected with higher accuracy and robustness using our method.
Aqueous extract of Artemisia capillaris improves non-alcoholic fatty liver and obesity in mice induced by high-fat diet

Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is one of the most common chronic liver diseases and is a nutritional metabolic disease. Artemisia capillaris (AC) is the above-ground dried part of Artemisia capillaris Thunb. or Artemisia scoparia Waldst. et Kit. , a natural medicinal plant with pharmacological effects of heat-clearing and biliary-promoting. In order to evaluate the therapeutic effect of Artemisia capillaris on NAFLD and obesity, experiments were conducted using aqueous extracts of Artemisia capillaris (WAC) to intervene in NAFLD models in vivo and in vitro. In vivo experiments were performed using HFD-fed (high fat diet) C57BL/6 mice to induce NAFLD model, and in vitro experiments were performed using oleic acid to induce HepG2 cells to construct NAFLD cell model. H.E. staining and oil red O staining of liver tissue were used to observe hepatocytes. Blood biochemistry analyzer was used to detect serum lipid levels in mice. The drug targets and mechanism of action of AC to improve NAFLD were investigated by western blotting, qRT-PCR and immunofluorescence. The results showed that C57BL/6 mice fed HFD continuously for 16 weeks met the criteria for NAFLD in terms of lipid index and hepatocyte fat accumulation. WAC was able to reverse the elevation of serum lipid levels induced by high-fat diet in mice. WAC promoted the phosphorylation levels of PI3K/AKT and AMPK in liver and HepG2 cells of NAFLD mice, inhibited SREBP-1c expression, reduced TG and lipogenesis, and decreased lipid accumulation. In summary, WAC extract activates PI3K/AKT pathway, reduces SREBP-1c protein expression by promoting AMPK phosphorylation, and decreases fatty acid synthesis and TG content in hepatocytes. AC can be used as a potential health herb to improve NAFLD and obesity.