Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
RECUPERAÇÃO DE FONTES E ANÁLISES POR COMPONENTES INDEPENDENTES: CONCEITOS, FUNDAMENTOS E APLICAÇÕES EM LINGUÍSTICA

Este trabalho apresenta uma introducao a tecnicade analise por componentes independentes (ICA, Independent Component Analysis), tipicamente utilizado em problemasde recuperacao cega em sistemas de informacao esua aplicabilidade em problemas nas areas de processamentoda fala e linguistica. Sao descritos e discutidos osaspectos de modelagem matematica do problema de separacao de fontes generico bem como suas estrategias maiscomuns para solucao dos problemas supracitados. Ailustracao de uma aplicacao na separacao de sinais de vozcombinados linearmente e coletados em varios sensores emostrada para demonstrar a potencialidade da tecnica.Alem disso, e realizada uma breve descricao de algumas aplicacoes de ICA em problemas das areas de processamentode voz e linguistica. Palavras-Chave: Analise por componentes independentes,aprendizado estatistico, processamento nao-supervisionado,linguistica, extracao de caracteristicas, classificacaode padroes.
Cyclic ADP-ribose and Inositol 1,4,5-Trisphosphate as Alternate Second Messengers for Intracellular Ca2+ Mobilization in Normal and Diabetic β-Cells*

Intracellular Ca2+ mobilization occurs in a variety of cellular processes and is mediated by two major systems, the inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate (IP3) and cyclic ADP-ribose (cADPR) systems. cADPR has been proposed to be a second messenger for insulin secretion induced by glucose in pancreatic β-cells (Takasawa, S., Nata, K., Yonekura, H., and Okamoto, H. (1993)Science 259, 370–373). Here we show that the cADPR signal system for insulin secretion is replaced by the IP3 system in diabetic β-cells such as ob/ob mouse islets and RINm5F cells. We measured the cADPR content in these β-cells by radioimmunoassay and found that the increase of the cADPR content by glucose did not occur in ob/ob mouse islets and RINm5F cells, whereas the increased cADPR level by glucose was observed in normal rat and mouse islets. Microsomes of these diabetic β-cells released Ca2+ in response to IP3 but not to cADPR. In the diabetic β-cells, CD38 (ADP-ribosyl cyclase/cADPR hydrolase) and type 2 ryanodine receptor mRNAs were scarcely detected and, in contrast, an increased expression of IP3receptor mRNAs was observed. The diabetic β-cells secreted insulin rather by carbamylcholine than by glucose.
HADAMARD FACTORIZATION OF HURWITZ STABLE POLYNOMIALS

The Hurwitz stable polynomials are important in the study of differential equations systems and control theory (see [7] and [19]). A property of these polynomials is related to Hadamard product. Consider two polynomials p, q ∈ R[x]: p(x) = anx n + an−1x n−1 + · · ·+ a1x + a0 q(x) = bmx m + bm−1x m−1 + · · ·+ b1x + b0 the Hadamard product (p ∗ q) is defined as (p ∗ q)(x) = akbkx + ak−1bk−1x + · · ·+ a1b1x + a0b0 where k = min(m,n). Some results (see [16]) shows that if p, q ∈ R[x] are stable polynomials then (p ∗ q) is stable, also, i.e. the Hadamard product is closed; however, the reciprocal is not always true, that is, not all stable polynomial has a factorization into two stable polynomials the same degree n, if n ≥ 4 (see [15]). In this work we will give some conditions to Hadamard factorization existence for stable polynomials.
Dietary sodium restriction in the treatment of mild hypertension

Mild hypertension, defined as a diastolic blood pressure >95 mm Hg and < I O ~ mm Hg by the World Health Organization (WHO) (1978), has become a therapeutic dilemma. Although controlled clinical trials have shown that drug therapy for mild hypertension protects against stroke, congestive heart failure and progression of hypertension, there is only a spotty effect against coronary artery disease (Hypertension Detection and Follow-up Programme Cooperative Group, 1979; Management Committee of the Australian Therapeutic Trial in Mild Hypertension, Helgeland, I 980; Multiple Risk Factor Intervention Trial Research This of course is the most common and serious complication of hypertension. In two of the studies (Helgeland, 1980; MRFIT, 1982) mortality from coronary artery disease was actually increased in some sub-groups of patients treated with anti-hypertensive drug therapy. These findings, along with the rising pressure to treat millions of asymptomatic mildly hypertensive subjects with lifelong drug therapy, have rekindled interest in a nutritional approach to the treatment of hypertension (Kaplan, 1985).
PREDICTION OF TIME-DEPENDENT CYP3A4 DRUG-DRUG INTERACTIONS: IMPACT OF ENZYME DEGRADATION, PARALLEL ELIMINATION PATHWAYS, AND INTESTINAL INHIBITION

Time-dependent inhibition of CYP3A4 often results in clinically significant drug-drug interactions. In the current study, 37 in vivo cases of irreversible inhibition were collated, focusing on macrolides (erythromycin, clarithromycin, and azithromycin) and diltiazem as inhibitors. The interactions included 17 different CYP3A substrates showing up to a 7-fold increase in AUC (13.5% of studies were in the range of potent inhibition). A systematic analysis of the impact of CYP3A4 degradation half-life (mean t1/2deg = 3 days, ranging from 1 to 6 days) on the prediction of the extent of interaction for compounds with a differential contribution from CYP3A4 to the overall elimination (defined by fmCYP3A4) was performed. Although the prediction accuracy was very sensitive to the CYP3A4 degradation rate for substrates mainly eliminated by this enzyme (fmCYP3A4 ≥ 0.9), minimal effects are observed when CYP3A4 contributes less than 50% to the overall elimination in cases when the parallel elimination pathway is not subject to inhibition. Use of the mean CYP3A4 t1/2deg (3 days), average unbound systemic plasma concentration of the inhibitor, and the corresponding fmCYP3A4 resulted in 89% of studies predicted within 2-fold of the in vivo value. The impact of the interaction in the gut wall was assessed by assuming maximal intestinal inhibition of CYP3A4. Although a reduced number of false-negative predictions was observed, there was an increased number of overpredictions, and generally, a loss of prediction accuracy was observed. The impact of the possible interplay between CYP3A4 and efflux transporters on the intestinal interaction requires further evaluation.
Chapter 4 Language Barriers and Access to Care

The purpose of this chapter is to examine how language barriers contribute to health disparities among ethnic and racial minorities in the United States. A literature search was systematically conducted using selected computer databases (MEDLINE and CINAHL). Searches were limited to English-language-published research in the years from 1985 to 2003. A total of 47 published articles were included in this review. Overall these studies indicate that language barriers are associated with longer visit time per clinic visit, less frequent clinic visits, less understanding of physician’s explanation, more lab tests, more emergency room visits, less follow-up, and less satisfaction with health services. The results also indicate that people who are older, poorer, and female tend to have severe language barriers compared to those who are younger, wealthier, and male. Improvement of communication between patients and providers in relation to health disparity consists of cultural competency and communication skills. Implications of these studies for practice and further research are outlined.
Standards of Measurements in Myasthenia Gravis

Abstract: In 1997, the Medical Scientific Advisory Board of the Myasthenia Gravis Foundation of America formed a Task Force to develop classification and outcome measures for myasthenia gravis (MG). The goal of the Task Force was to achieve uniformity in recording and reporting clinical trials and outcomes research. The Task Force met frequently over a three‐year period, obtained input from national and international experts, and produced a consensus document on recommendations for MG clinical research standards. In this article, the essential elements of the Task Force's recommendations will be summarized. In addition, several other MG measurement tools that are in various stages of development are mentioned.
Cobalt Cardiomyopathy: A Critical Reappraisal in Light of a Recent Resurgence

Cobalt can cause a distinctive, rapidly progressive and reversible depression of cardiac systolic function, which is readily distinguished from other causes of cardiomyopathy. Patients present with the subacute onset of severe heart failure, which is accompanied by hypotension and cyanosis, pericardial effusion, low voltage on the electrocardiogram, marked elevation of serum enzymes, and lactic acidosis. They typically have a history of lethargy, anorexia, and weight loss in the months preceding the illness and exhibit other evidence of cobalt’s effects on the body (eg, polycythemia and goiter). The course of cobalt-related cardiomyopathy may be progressive and fatal, but those who survive and cease exposure generally demonstrate complete resolution of symptoms and recovery of cardiac function. Patients presenting with rapid onset of cardiomyopathy, who also exhibit polycythemia, pericardial effusion, or goiter should be evaluated for cobalt exposure. Exposure can be confirmed by the measurement of cobalt in the serum, but serum levels of the ion are not reliably predictive of clinical cardiotoxicity. The clinical emergence of cobalt cardiomyopathy seems to require the coexistence of one or more cofactors, particularly a low-protein diet, thiamine deficiency, alcoholism, and hypothyroidism. As the medicinal use of cobalt has waned and measures to reduce industrial exposure have been implemented, subacute cobalt-related cardiomyopathy had become rare. However, reports describing classical features of the disease have recently surged among patients with a malfunctioning cobalt-alloy hip prosthesis.
A Note on the Paper by Eckstein and Svaiter on "General Projective Splitting Methods for Sums of Maximal Monotone Operators"

In their recent paper from 2009 [SIAM J. Control Optim. , 48 (2009), pp. 787-811], J. Eckstein and B. F. Svaiter proposed a very general and flexible splitting framework for finding a zero of the sum of finitely many maximal monotone operators. In this short note, we provide a technical result that allows for the removal of Eckstein and Svaiter's assumption that the sum of the operators be maximal monotone or that the underlying Hilbert space be finite-dimensional.
Treatment Modality Selection in 150 Consecutive Patients Starting Esrd Therapy

Objective The purpose of this study was to assess the reasons for treatment modality selection between hemodialysis (HD) and peritoneal dialysis (PD) in 150 consecutive patients in a single center. Design This study is a retrospective study using chart review as the data collection method. Setting A single tertiary care university teaching hospital. Patients One hundred and fifty consecutive patients starting end-stage renal disease (ESRD) therapy at the Royal Victoria Hospital in Montreal were assessed. Their treatment modality at 6 weeks after starting dialysis was recorded as their treatment modality. Patients transplanted or who died prior to that 6 week period were excluded. Main Outcome Measures The treatment modality, that is, either HD or PD, at 6 weeks after the initiation of ESRD was the modality assigned to the patient. Results One hundred and fifty patients started ESRD therapy of whom 83 went to HD and 67 to PD. Thirty-one patients were directed to HD, including 20 for social reasons, 3 with ostomies, and 6 with unsuitable abdomens. Fourteen patients were directed to PD, including 10 with severe cardiovascular disease, 3 with no vascular access, and one for geographical reasons. Of 31 diabetics who were encouraged to do PD, 17 went to PD and 14 to HD (10 for social reasons, 3 refused PD, and one with an inappropriate abdomen). Seventy-four patients were initially eligible for either PD or HD. Fifty percent (37) went to PD and 50% to HD. Of those going to HD, 15 went to self-care HD, of whom 7 had prior exposure to HD. Eleven were not informed regarding PD. There was no gender preference for PD versus HD. Conclusion We conclude that among informed patients, if given a choice of treatment modality, the majority will choose self-care dialysis including continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD) or selfcare HD.
Annotation sémantique de clusters

L’annotation de clusters est un traitement important pour l’interpretation des resultats de clustering [1]. Elle peut se faire en tenant compte uniquement des informations propres a chaque cluster (c’est l’annotation interne) ou bien en tenant compte des autres clusters (c’est l’annotation differentielle) [2]. Ces deux points de vue peuvent cohabiter dans la phase de clustering meme, ou certaines approches vont se focaliser sur les similarites entre les documents alors que d’autres utiliseront aussi leurs differences. La litterature souligne que l’approche differentielle fournit dans la plupart des cas des resultat plus pertinents [2]. Ainsi, bien que d’une complexite algorithmique plus importante, cette approche est generalement preferee. Nous presentons ici les premiers resultats relatifs a la definition d’une approche (hybride) pour l’annotation de clusters composes de documents caracterises par une representation de connaissance (e.g., ontologie). La principale contribution visee dans cette etude porte sur la modelisation des deux criteres a maximiser : (i) la pertinence des labels associes aux clusters sous une contrainte de (ii) differentiation des clusters.
Structural insights into aberrant cortical morphometry and network organization in psychogenic erectile dysfunction

Functional neuroimaging studies have revealed abnormal brain dynamics of male sexual arousal (SA) in psychogenic erectile dysfunction (pED). However, the neuroanatomical correlates of pED are still unclear. In this work, we obtained cortical thickness (CTh) measurements from structural magnetic resonance images of 40 pED patients and 39 healthy control subjects. Abnormalities in CTh related to pED were explored using a scale space search based brain morphometric analysis. Organizations of brain structural covariance networks were analyzed as well. Compared with healthy men, pED patients showed significantly decreased CTh in widespread cortical regions, most of which were previously reported to show abnormal dynamics of male SA in pED, such as the medial prefrontal, orbitofrontal, cingulate, inferotemporal, and insular cortices. CTh reductions in these areas were found to be significantly correlated with male sexual functioning degradation. Moreover, pED patients showed decreased interregional CTh correlations from the right lateral orbitofrontal cortex to the right supramarginal gyrus and the left angular cortex, implying disassociations between the cognitive, motivational, and inhibitory networks of male SA in pED. This work provides structural insights on the complex phenomenon of psychogenic sexual dysfunction in men, and suggests a specific vulnerability factor, possibly as an extra “organic” factor, that may play an important role in pED. Hum Brain Mapp 36:4469–4482, 2015. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Paramétrage et Capture Multicaméras du Mouvement Humain

Au cours de cette these, nous avons aborde la problematique du suivi du mouvement humain. Nous proposons d'utiliser plusieurs cameras videos, permettant de s'affranchir de contraintes sur l'environnement de capture ainsi que de la pose de marqueurs sur l'acteur, au contraire des systemes courament utilises. Cela complexifie la recherche d'une information pertinente dans les images mais aussi la correlation de cette information entre les differentes images ainsi que l'interpretation de cette information en terme de mouvements articulaires du corps humain. Nous nous interessons a une approche utilisant les contours occultants du corps et etudions le lien entre le mouvement articulaire du corps et le mouvement apparent des contours dans les images. La minimisation de l'erreur entre les contours extraits des images et la projection du modele nous permet d'estimer le mouvement de l'acteur. Nous montrons que l'utilisation d'images video permet entre autres de produire des informations complementaires telles que les contacts entre les parties du corps de l'acteur. Ces informations sont importantes pour la re-utilisation des mouvements en animation 3D.
Selective progesterone receptor modulators

Purpose of review Review of recent data from clinical trials and descriptions of endometrial morphology with administration of selective progesterone receptor modulators (SPRMs). Recent findings Recent reports concerning administration of SPRMs, specifically the efficacy of ulipristal acetate in reducing fibroid size and rapid control of menstrual blood loss, have renewed clinical interest in this class of compound. Histological data from studies with SPRMs report that this class of drugs is associated with progesterone receptor modulator-associated endometrial changes. Data on mechanisms of action are lacking. The antagonistic progesterone effect of SPRMs has shown promising results in animal studies with endometriosis. Sex steroid receptor effects of PRMs outside the reproductive tract raise the potential for use in neurology and oncology, and although there are several randomized trials in these areas, there are limited small studies published to date. Summary The SPRM ulipristal acetate is an effective treatment for preoperative treatment of fibroids and a reliable emergency contraceptive. This class of compounds holds the potential for long-term effective medical management of fibroids and may have utility in the management of other sex steroid-dependent conditions.
Qu'apporte la pragmatique cognitive à la description du français ?

Dans cet article, j'aimerais montrer, a travers un certain nombre d’exemples, et plus particulierement de la negation, ce que la pragmatique, dans son orientation cognitive, apporte a la description d’une langue comme le francais. C’est essentiellement autour des questions du sens et de la signification que je me pencherai, pour essayer de comprendre ce dont a besoin un dispositif de description semantique et pragmatique d’une langue, dispositif qui soit empiriquement, descriptivement et theoriquement fonde. Je presenterai dans un premier temps la question de la signification, en distinguant de la maniere la plus precise possible la difference entre sens et signification. Par convention, en suivant des auteurs comme Anscombre & Ducrot (1983), Sperber & Wilson (1995), Searle (1982), je reserverai le terme signification pour renvoyer au contenu linguistique, qu’il soit lexical ou compositionnel, alors que j’utiliserai le terme sens pour le contenu pragmatique, resultat d’une interaction entre signification linguistique et contexte. Dans un deuxieme temps, je discuterai certaines propositions de la pragmatique contemporaine, principalement issues de la theorie de la pertinence. J’essaierai notamment de defendre l’idee selon laquelle la relation entre sens et signification etre de deux types booleens : inclusion et intersection. Je poursuivrai dans un troisieme temps avec l’exemple de la negation et notamment la distinction classique entre negation descriptive et negation metalinguistique. Dans cette partie, je montrerai que la semantique de la negation en particulier, et du francais en general, n’est pas intuitive, alors que la pragmatique, elle, l’est et est de plus accessible a la conscience. Enfin, je terminerai par monter, de maniere plus generale, comme on peut envisager une interaction pertinente et descriptivement adequate, entre la pragmatique et la linguistique.
Tangible handimation real-time animation with a sequencer-based tangible interface

In this paper, we present the development of Tangible Handimation, a sequencer-inspired animation system for recording and playback of whole or individual parts of animations through direct manipulation and tangible interfaces. The development of the system from a keyboard and mouse set-up, Handimation, is described including a workshop with professionals. Users reported the system as enabling real-time performances and making the animation process more democratic, and based upon their input support for imminent feed-forward information was added to the design.
Surgical Strategies for Soft Tissue Management in Hypertelorbitism

Background Although craniofacial bone correction is the essential step in hypertelorbitism correction, the final result depends on the management of soft tissue deformities. The purpose of this study was to review our surgical strategies for soft tissue reconstruction in hypertelorbitism correction. Methods A retrospective study was performed of consecutive patients with hypertelorbitism, undergoing hypertelorbitism correction between 2007 and 2014. All aspects related to the craniofacial surgical procedures (number and type of procedures, outcomes, and complications) were verified through medical records, clinical photographs, and interviews with all patients. The surgical results were classified based on a previously published outcome grading scale I-IV on the need for additional surgery. Results The present study included 16 patients diagnosed with Crouzon syndrome (n = 2), Apert syndrome (n = 1), encephalocele (n = 1), frontonasal dysplasia (n = 2), craniofrontonasal dysplasia (n = 5), Tessier number 10 type (n = 1), and Tessier number 0 to 14 type (n = 4). The number and types (local flaps, medial canthopexy, Converse scalping flap, and/or the K stitch technique) of surgeries performed varied according to the facial soft tissue deformities of each patient. The overall rate of surgical results ranked according to the need for additional surgery was 1.56 ± 0.51 (between categories I and II). Conclusions As hypertelorbitism has been associated with a variety of congenital deformities, plastic surgeons who deal with these patients should have a broad surgical armamentarium tailored to each individual presentation.
Who Participates in Income Shifting

This paper analyzes the sources of heterogeneity in tax-minimizing strategies across individuals. We summarize insights obtained from the literature into three conditions affecting participation in tax minimization: namely, incentive, access, and awareness. Using a rich Swedish administrative panel data set on corporations, individuals, and active owners of closely held corporations, we analyze the sources of heterogeneity in participation in observable income shifting at the time of the 2006 Swedish tax reform. This reform increased both the incentive and opportunities to shift income from labor to the capital income tax base for the owner–managers of corporations. We find that both tax incentives and awareness matter for the decision to access income-shifting opportunities and participation in income shifting itself. We also find that the after-tax income of individuals participating in income shifting increased following the change in the income composition.