Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
HOT GAS LINES IN T TAURI STARS

For Classical T Tauri Stars (CTTSs), the resonance doublets of N v, Si iv, and C iv, as well as the He ii 1640 Å line, trace hot gas flows and act as diagnostics of the accretion process. In this paper we assemble a large high-resolution, high-sensitivity data set of these lines in CTTSs and Weak T Tauri Stars (WTTSs). The sample comprises 35 stars: 1 Herbig Ae star, 28 CTTSs, and 6 WTTSs. We find that the C iv, Si iv, and N v lines in CTTSs all have similar shapes. We decompose the C iv and He ii lines into broad and narrow Gaussian components (BC and NC). The most common (50%) C iv line morphology in CTTSs is that of a low-velocity NC together with a redshifted BC. For CTTSs, a strong BC is the result of the accretion process. The contribution fraction of the NC to the C iv line flux in CTTSs increases with accretion rate, from ∼20% to up to ∼80%. The velocity centroids of the BCs and NCs are such that V BC ≳ 4 V NC, consistent with the predictions of the accretion shock model, in at most 12 out of 22 CTTSs. We do not find evidence of the post-shock becoming buried in the stellar photosphere due to the pressure of the accretion flow. The He ii CTTSs lines are generally symmetric and narrow, with FWHM and redshifts comparable to those of WTTSs. They are less redshifted than the CTTSs C iv lines, by ∼10 km s−1. The amount of flux in the BC of the He ii line is small compared to that of the C iv line, and we show that this is consistent with models of the pre-shock column emission. Overall, the observations are consistent with the presence of multiple accretion columns with different densities or with accretion models that predict a slow-moving, low-density region in the periphery of the accretion column. For HN Tau A and RW Aur A, most of the C iv line is blueshifted suggesting that the C iv emission is produced by shocks within outflow jets. In our sample, the Herbig Ae star DX Cha is the only object for which we find a P-Cygni profile in the C iv line, which argues for the presence of a hot (105 K) wind. For the overall sample, the Si iv and N v line luminosities are correlated with the C iv line luminosities, although the relationship between Si iv and C iv shows large scatter about a linear relationship and suggests that TW Hya, V4046 Sgr, AA Tau, DF Tau, GM Aur, and V1190 Sco are silicon-poor, while CV Cha, DX Cha, RU Lup, and RW Aur may be silicon-rich.
Um Critério para Retirada de Arcos em Redes Bayesianas

In Bayesian networks propagation of information is done with messages sent between adjacent nodes. However, if some nodes of a network are in loop, messages can circulate endlessly between them, giving rise to a serious setback concerning the application of such network. Some techniques have been proposed to overcome this problem. One of them consists of breaking the loop by appropriate removal of one of its arcs. In this paper a new criterion is proposed for selecting arcs to be removed with the same aim. This criterion is based on the conditioned entropy of random variables assigned to the nodes that form an arc. An illustrative example of its application is also presented.
An Estuarine Benthic Biotic Integrity ( BIBI ) Chesapeake Bay Index of for

A mul t imetr ic ben th ic index o f biotic integrity (B-IBI) was deve loped us ing data f r om five Chesapeake Bay sampl ing p rog rams conduc ted be tween 1972 and 1991. Attr ibutes o f the index were se lected by compar ing the r e sponse o f 17 candidate m e a s u r e s o f benthic condi t ion (metrics) be tween a set o f minimal ly a f fec ted reference sites and at all o the r si tes for which da ta were available. This p rocedure was conduc t ed independently for each o f seven habitats de f ined by salinity and substra te . Fif teen o f the 17 candidate metr ics d i f fe red significantly be tween re fe rence sites and o ther sites for at least one habitat . No meeric d i f fe red significantly in all seven habitats; however, f ou r metrics, species diversity, abundance , b iomass , and percen t o f abundance as pollution-indicative taxa, d i f fe red in six habitats . The index was calculated by scoring each selected metr ic as 5, 3, or 1 d e p e n d i n g on whe the r its value at a site approximated, deviated slightly f rom, or deviated greatly f rom condi t ions at the best r e fe rence sites. Validation based on independent data collected be tween 1992 and 1994 indicated that the index correctly d is t inguished slxessed sites f rom re fe rence sites 93% o f the t ime, with the h ighes t validation rates occurr ing in h igh salinity habitats.
Human tissue kallikreins : The cancer biomarker family q

Human tissue kallikreins (KLKs) are attracting increased attention due to their role as biomarkers for the screening, diagnosis, prognosis, and monitoring of various cancers including those of the prostate, ovarian, breast, testicular, and lung. Human tissue kallikrein genes represent the largest contiguous group of proteases within the human genome. Originally thought to consist of three genes, the identification of the human kallikrein locus has expanded this number to fifteen. These genes, and their encoded proteins, share a high degree of homology and are expressed in different tissues. Prostate-specific antigen (PSA), the most commonly known kallikrein, is a useful biomarker for prostate cancer. Several other kallikreins, including kallikreins 2 (KLK2) and 11 (KLK11) are emerging as complementary prostate cancer biomarkers. Along with these kallikreins, several others have been implicated in the other cancers. For example, KLK5, 6, 7, 10, 11, and 14 are emerging biomarkers for ovarian cancer. The identification of kallikrein substrates and the development of proteolytic cascade models implicate kallikrein proteins in cancer progression. This review describes the current status of kallikreins as cancer biomarkers. 2006 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.
Item analysis of Multiple Choice Questions in Physiology examination

Introduction: Multiple choice questions (MCQs ) /Items are frequently used to assess students in different educational streams for their objectivity and wide reach of coverage in less time. However the items to be used must be of good quality . The present study was conducted in a medical college of Mumbai with the Objective of evaluation of items to develop a pool of valid items & to update question bank for designing question paper as per the need of assessment. Methods: Total 40 items from physiology preliminary examination of 100 students of 1 year M.B. B.S. were analysed. Each item was analysed for Difficulty index, Discrimination index and Distracter effectiveness. Results: After statistical analysis of data, it was observed that Difficulty index i.e. ‘p’ value of analysed MCQs ranged from 6.25% (lowest) to 90.6% (Highest) & Discriminative index i.e. ‘d’ value ranged from 0 (lowest) to 0.63 (Highest). Total 65% items were in acceptable range of difficulty level (‘p’ value 30 – 70%) & 10 % items were very difficult which later discussed with students. Discrimination index of 60% items was excellent (d value>0.35). No item had Negative discriminative power. About 47.5% items had100% Distracter Efficiency (DE) whereas 7.5% items had 0% DE. Conclusion: Item analysis definitely helps to update & strengthen MCQ bank. It helps in question paper setting as per the need of assessment. It improves Teaching – Learning outcomes.
Characterization of Escherichia coli dinJ-yafQ toxin-antitoxin system : 3 insights from mutagenesis data 4 5

2 Characterization of Escherichia coli dinJ-yafQ toxin-antitoxin system: 3 insights from mutagenesis data 4 5 Julija Armalytė, Milda Jurėnaitė , Gina Beinoravičiūtė, Justinas Teišerskas, and Edita 6 Sužiedėlienė* 7 8 Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Faculty of Natural Sciences of Vilnius 9 University, Čiurlionio 21, LT-03101, Vilnius, Lithuania; 10 11 12 13 Running title: characterization of E. coli dinJ-yafQ toxin-antitoxin system 14 15 *Correspondence: 16 Edita Sužiedėlienė, Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Faculty of Natural Sciences, 17 Vilnius University, Čiurlionio 21, Vilnius LT-03101, Lithuania. 18 Tel. : +370 5 2398230; Fax: +370 5 2398231; e-mail: edita.suziedeliene@gf.vu. lt 19 20 21 Copyright © 2012, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved. J. Bacteriol. doi:10.1128/JB.06104-11 JB Accepts, published online ahead of print on 13 January 2012
Multiple Antennas Effect on UWB Rake Receiver Performance

This paper discusses the enhancement of the proposed UWB antenna design that can be used in wireless UWB systems. The small antenna design was simulated by CST software to present the performance of the main antenna parameters. The return loss is less than -10 dB from 3.5 GHz to 10.8 GHz which is covering the UWB bandwidth. This antenna was applied in multiple-in multiple-out (MIMO) scheme in indoor transmission/reception system to improve the propagation bit rate or to increase the channel capacity. After that, the effects of multiple antennas have been evaluated in terms of error bit probability in the wireless rake receiver using maximal ratio combining (MRC) technique through channel models CM1 and CM4.
A rebuttal of Greene ’ s attack on deontology 1

Joshua Greene has argued that deontology is a rationalization of judgments caused by emotional reactions to morally irrelevant features of the world, and hence is untrustworthy. By contrast, Greene holds that consequentialism is more likely to involve “genuine moral reasoning” in response to morally relevant factors and hence is more trustworthy than deontology. This paper argues that even if Greene has identified a duality of processes which sometimes compete in human moral judgment, he is wrong that each of them distinctively drives consequentialist and deontological reasoning, respectively. When we get clearer about how to understand the relevant terms (‘deontology’, ‘consequentialism’, ‘alarm-like’, ‘actuarial’), we should be less confident that Greene has shown anything about the natures of consequentialism, deontology, or types of judgment typically associated therewith. In sum, here’s why. Plausibly, knee-jerk emotional reactions in people who formulate or employ a deontological moral theory are relatively limited. Plausibly, knee-jerk emotional reactions do have a substantial role in the formulation and employment of consequentialist reasoning and theorizing. Plausibly, virtually any moral theory must accommodate a variety of types of value, including that of preserving special relationships for their own sakes.
Lightweight Anonymous Subscription with Efficient Revocation

In an anonymous subscription system (ASS), a subscribed user (SU) is able to access the services of a service provider without having to reveal its true identity. For a SU computing platform that is compliant with the Trusted Platform Module (TPM) standard, direct anonymous attestation (DAA) is an appropriate cryptographic protocol for realizing ASS, since DAA enables privacy-preserving authentication of the SU platform. This approach takes advantage of a cryptographic key that is securely embedded in the platform’s hardware. Although the computing industry and academia have made significant strides in developing secure and sound DAA schemes, these schemes share a common drawback that may act as a major obstacle to their widespread deployment. In all of the existing schemes, the SU suffers from significant computational and communication costs that increase proportionally to the size of the revocation list. This drawback renders the existing schemes to be impractical when the size of the revocation list grows beyond a relatively modest size. In this paper, we propose a novel scheme called Lightweight Anonymous Subscription with Efficient Revocation (LASER) that addresses this very problem. In LASER, the computational and communication costs of the SU’s signature are multiple orders of magnitude lower than the prior art. LASER achieves this significant performance improvement by shifting most of the computational and communication costs from the DAA’s online proce-
Uma reviso sobre metalo--lactamases

A emergencia e disseminacao da resistencia aos antimicrobianos sao problemas de grande importância mundial, particularmente entre patogenos nosocomiais de importância clinica como os bacilos Gram negativos nao fermentadores e membros da familia Enterobacteriaceae. O principal mecanismo de resistencia desses patogenos e a producao de β-lactamases, que sao enzimas que hidrolisam o anel β-lactâmico impedindo assim a acao dos antimicrobianos β-lactâmicos. As β-lactamases foram dividas em quatro classes de acordo com a sua estrutura primaria e podem tambem ser classificadas dentro de dois grupos com base no seu mecanismo catalitico, isto e, serina-β-lactamases (Classes A, C e D) e metalo-β-lactamases (Classe B). As metalo-β-lactamases (MβL) utilizam ions divalentes, comumente zinco, como co-fator para sua atividade catalitica e sao atualmente uma das classes que mais merece destaque, devido a sua capacidade de hidrolisar todos os antimicrobianos β-lactâmicos, incluindo os carbapenens. Estes antimicrobianos sao utilizados no tratamento de infeccoes causadas por bacterias Gram-negativas multirresistentes e conseguem se manter estaveis frente as serina-β-lactamases. A deteccao de microrganismos produtores de MβL tem por finalidade auxiliar a Comissao de Controle de Infeccao Hospitalar (CCIH) na prevencao da disseminacao desse mecanismo de resistencia no ambiente hospitalar e impedir que ele chegue ate a comunidade, bem como enfatizar o uso racional dos antimicrobianos disponiveis para uso clinico, pois, atualmente,ha poucos investimentos da industria farmaceutica na pesquisa de novos agentes antimicrobianos.
Using space to think

This thesis is proposing a research direction of using computation to help people fully take advantage of spatial cognition in thinking process. As our most important form of information processing spatial cognition provides thinking what logical and verbal means are inferior at. But without external aid, its application is tremendously constrained. Computation could play a role in circumventing those constraints and bridging out the strength of spatial cognition in thinking process. This could augment our of thinking ability and reform our mind. Thesis Supervisor: William L. Porter Title: Norman B. and Muriel Leventhal Professor of Architecture and Planning
Validierung eines gekoppelten Simulationsmodells schwimmender Windkraftanlagen mit Hilfe von Modellversuchen

In order to predict the combined loads on a floating wind turbine correctly there is the need for validated numerical codes. Such codes can be validated by using model test data. Within the INNWIND.EU project a database for the validation of offshore wind energy simulation codes has been built up. In the test campaign a Froude scaled 10MW model of the OC4-DeepCwind semisubmersible platform, together with a Froude scaled rotor model with low-Reynolds airfoils is tested for specified load cases in a combined wind-and-wave basin in Nantes (France). In this research a fully coupled simulation model based on the multibody software SIMPACK has been developed and successfully validated according to the INNWIND.EU model test data based on an existing model. The simulation environment comprises the HydroDyn module for the modelling of the hydrodynamic loads and the AeroDyn module for the aerodynamic loads using blade element momentum theory. In a precomputation step the hydrodynamic coefficients were calculated using the potential flow theory calculation program AQWA. For the simulation of the mooring line forces the new numerical code MAP++ has been used for the first time. During the work it was validated successfully. Beside free decay tests and wave and wind only tests also combined wind and wave loads were simulated and have been examined and compared to the test data. Furthermore also two survival tests have been considered. The results show that there is a good accordance between the measured and the simulated data especially for higher waves.
Detecting Anomalous User Behavior in Database

In order to protect vital data in today’s internet environment and prevent misuse, especially insider abuse by valid users, we propose a novel two-step detecting approach to distinguish potential misuse behaviour (namely anomalous user behaviour) from normal behaviour. First, we capture the access patterns of users by using association rules. Then, based on the patterns and users’ sequential behaviour, we try to deter anomalous user behaviour by leveraging the logistic regression model. Experimental results on real dataset indicate that our method can get a better result and outperform two state-of-the-art method. The proposed two-step detecting approach can effectively detect anomalous user behaviour from the log data generated by operation and maintenance staffs.
The new Mars synthesis: A new understanding of the geochemical history of Mars

The New Mars Synthesis is a new interpretation of the mass of Mars data from meteorites, Mars rovers, orbiters, and telescopes. This Synthesis proposes an Earthlike Mars in the past where a biosphere was a major force in shaping Mars geochemistry and did so until approximately ½ Billion years ago. This synthesis is based in part on data from ALH84001, younger Mars meteorites, and Viking life experiments that indicate life began on Mars 4.5 Billion years ago and has continued until the present day. Mars had a liquid ocean for most of its geologic history, that would have served as a refuge for life and stabilizer of Mars climate. The average age of most identified Mars meteorites is only ½ Billion years and indicates that the Mars cratering rate is at 4xLunar making the estimated ages of the Mars ocean and water channels roughly the Mars average surface age and indicating that liquid water existed on Mars for most of its geologic history. The high oxidation state of the Mars surface and exposed sedimentary layers, is consistent with massive photosynthesis in the past. The Lyot impact in the Early Amazonian appears to coincide with a lessening of liquid water channeling activity on Mars, suggesting it had a role in climate change on Mars. Therefore, a broad range of evidence indicates a living, Earthlike Mars until approximately ½ Billion years ago with a liquid ocean, and a photosynthetic biosphere. This indicates life not only began on Mars but had time to evolve into intelligent forms on Mars.
CPS-MT: A Real-Time Cyber-Physical System Monitoring Tool for Security Research

Monitoring systems are essential to understand and control the behaviour of systems and networks. Cyber-physical systems (CPS) are particularly delicate under that perspective since they involve real-time constraints and physical phenomena that are not usually considered in common IT solutions. Therefore, there is a need for publicly available monitoring tools able to contemplate these aspects. In this poster/demo, we present our initiative, called CPS-MT, towards a versatile, real-time CPS monitoring tool, with a particular focus on security research. We first present its architecture and main components, followed by a MiniCPS-based case study. We also describe a performance analysis and preliminary results. During the demo, we will discuss CPS-MT's capabilities and limitations for security applications.
Ostdeutsche Wirtschaft: Wachstum der Produktion bleibt erneut im Ost-West-Vergleich zurück

Das vergangene Jahr war kein gutes Jahr fur die ostdeutsche Wirtschaft. Wahrend im fruheren Bundesgebiet der konjunkturelle Aufschwung einsetzte, stagnierte die gesamtwirtschaftliche Produktionsaktivitat im Osten, ging die Beschaftigung zuruck, und der Aufholprozes kam trotz sinkender Einwohnerzahl nicht voran. Masgeblich waren altbekannte Strukturschwachen, die im Jahr 2005 besonders stark zum Durchbruch kamen: der Wegfall der flutbedingten Sonderentwicklung in der Bauwirtschaft, die bis zum Vorjahr fur zusatzliche Auftrage gesorgt hatte, und der Abbau der Beschaftigung im Staatssektor. Auch in diesem Jahr fordern die Strukturschwachen ihren Tribut, ihr Einflus auf die Gesamtwirtschaft last jedoch nach. So verschaffen sich die Fortschritte bei Produktivitat und Kosten im Unternehmenssektor mehr gesamtwirtschaftliche Geltung. Die noch im Jahr 2000 vorhandenen Nachteile, gemessen an den Lohnstuckkosten, wurden in der Folgezeit durch moderate Lohnanstiege und Beschaftigungsruckgang abgebaut. Allerdings werden die geringen Lohnstuckkosten durch das Ausscheren vieler Unternehmen aus der Tarifbindung und einen hohen Anteil des Niedriglohnsektors mitbestimmt. Trotzdem sind von der Kostenseite Voraussetzungen fur das Ankoppeln an den konjunkturellen Aufschwung gegeben. Auch das Produktionspotential hat sich erhoht und last auf Wachstumsreserven schliesen. Freilich sind die Finanzierungsmoglichkeiten uberdurchschnittlich stark von der aktuellen Einkommenssituation und Fordermitteln abhangig. Die vorteilhaften Rahmenbedingungen auf der Angebotsseite werden jedoch im Prognosezeitraum nicht ausgeschopft. Zwar werden die Warenlieferungen in das Ausland aufgrund der gunstigen Landerstruktur uberdurchschnittlich steigen und Unternehmensinvestitionen anregen, die Binnennachfrage in Ostdeutschland insgesamt wird jedoch angesichts der schwachen Einkommensperspektiven der privaten Haushalte gedruckt bleiben. Auch von den vorgezogenen Kaufen an hochwertigen Gebrauchsgutern im Vorfeld der Anhebung der Mehrwertsteuer durfte die ostdeutsche Wirtschaft in diesem Jahr aus strukturellen Grunden wenig profitieren. Eine Wende am Arbeitsmarkt ist nicht in Sicht. Die Beschaftigung sinkt weiterhin, obwohl die Arbeitsmarktpolitik starker als im Westen stutzend wirkt. Das Produktionswachstum resultiert vollstandig aus der Steigerung der Arbeitsproduktivitat. Der Produktivitatsabstand zum Westen stagniert. Die registrierte Arbeitslosigkeit steigt trotz des anhaltenden Beschaftigungsabbaus nicht, da das – an der Zahl der Erwerbsfahigen gemessene – Arbeitsangebot weiter abnimmt.
BAŞARI HEDEF YÖNELİMİ, BENLİK SAYGISI VE AKADEMİK BAŞARININ KENDİNİ ENGELLEMEYİ YORDAMADAKİ ROLÜ

Bu arastirma, universite ogrencilerinin kendini engelleme duzeylerinin; basari-hedef yonelimleri, benlik-saygisi, akademik basari ve bazi demografik degiskenlere gore aciklanabilirligini incelemek amaciyla yapilmis betimsel bir calismadir. Arastirma grubu 483 universite ogrencisinden olusmaktadir. Arastirmada “Kendini Sabotaj Olcegi”, “Basari-Amac Oryantasyonu Olcegi”, “Benlik-Saygisi Olcegi” ve “Kisisel Bilgi Formu” kullanilmistir. Arastirmada benlik saygisinin, algilanan akademik basarinin, ustalik ve performans-kacinma hedef yoneliminin kendini engellemenin onemli yordayicilari oldugu saptanmistir. Benlik-saygisi yuksek olan bireylerin kendini engelleme stratejilerine daha az basvurdugu sonucuna ulasilmistir. Performans-kacinma hedef yonelimini benimseyen bireyler kendini engelleme stratejilerini daha fazla kullanma egilimi gosterirken, ustalik-hedef yonelimli bireylerin kendini engelleme stratejilerini kullanma egilimleri azalmakta oldugu elde edilen bulgular arasindadir.
Social Networks Analysis: Classification, Evaluation, and Methodologies

Abstract : We proposed the Social Network Analysis: Classification, Evaluation and Methodology (SNA-CEM) framework. SNA-CEM consists of Methodology, Evaluation and Classification components, each encapsulating critical aspects of the framework. The Methodology component deals with mathematically representing various SNA methodologies. Evaluation component consists of performance techniques and metrics to measure the utility of SNA methodologies. The Classification component uses the measures from the Evaluation component and representations from the Methodology component to group methods into categories, based on their similarity with respect to utility and performance. The utility measures used for evaluating methodologies include solution quality and time performance. We also focus on large-scale network size and dynamic changes in networks and research new capabilities in performing social networks analysis utilizing parallel and distributed processing.