Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Comparison of biomolecules on the basis of Molecular Interaction Potentials

Molecular Interaction Potentials (MIP) are frequently used for the comparison of series of compounds displaying related biological behaviors. These potentials are interaction energies between the considered compounds and relevant probes. The interaction energies are computed in the nodes of grids defined around the compounds. There is a need of detailed and objective comparative analyses of MIP distributions in the framework of structure-activity studies. On the other hand, MIP-based studies do not have to be restricted to series of small ligands, since such studies present also interesting possibilities for the analysis and comparison of biological macromolecules. Such analyses can benefit from the application of new methods and computational approaches. The new software MIPSim (Molecular Interaction Potentials Similarity analysis) has recently been introduced with the purpose of analyzing and comparing MIP distributions of series of biomolecules. This program is transparently integrated with other programs, like GAMESS or GRID, which can be used for the computation of the potentials to be analyzed or compared. MIPSim incorporates several definitions of similarity coefficients, and is capable of combining several similarity measures into a single one. On the other hand, MIPSim can perform automatic explorations of the maximum similarity alignments between pairs of molecules.
Mesotherapy for Body Contouring

There has been significant interest recently in the technique of mesotherapy as a method of “melting fat” for body contouring. Dr. Michel Pistor1 is credited with having developed the technique of mesotherapy in France in 1952 for the treatment of vascular and lymphatic disorders. In 1987 mesotherapy was recognized by the French Academy of Medicine as a medical specialty. Mesotherapy has been used for several years in Europe and South America for body contouring. Its introduction and application in the United States are relatively recent. The public’s interest in mesotherapy has been piqued by a series of media reports in the lay press. In the lay press, “ThinJection” and “Lipo-Dissolve” are names that have been applied to mesotherapy for body contouring using phosphatidylcholine. In mesotherapy, medications and other substances are injected into the mesoderm (the layer of fat and connective tissue under the skin). Mesotherapy using different substances is advocated by some to treat an assortment of conditions as varied as chronic pain, psoriasis, cellulite, weight loss, and spot weight loss. Moreover, mesotherapy has been advocated as a nonsurgical alternative to liposuction. The medications and plant extracts injected vary among practitioners and according to the condition being treated. They include vasodilators, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory medications, enzymes, nutrients, antibiotics, hormones, and calcitonin.2 One of the most frequently performed mesotherapy treatments utilizes phosphatidylcholine (lecithin), a naturally occurring phospholipid, for body contouring. Phosphatidylcholine is the product most often referred to by the lay press.3–5 Plant extracts are sometimes used in combination with medications. Dietary modification, hormone replacement therapy, exercise, and nutritional supplements are often used in conjunction with mesotherapy. The use of mesotherapy for body contouring, spot weight loss, and overall weight reduction typically involves multiple injections of phosphatidylcholine (lecithin) into the area selected for contouring. The methods of mesotherapy for weight loss and body contouring have not been published in the Englishlanguage literature. Injections are administered using a handheld device that has a syringe and needle attached; the depth and volume of injections can vary. Injection devices can be obtained through USA Meso, in West Orange, N.J. (973-325-1525; www.usameso. com). An informal inquiry of several practitioners in the United States revealed the following information: A topical anesthetic cream is applied to the skin of the area to be treated. The compound is administered by multiple injections with a 27or 30-gauge needle. The number of injections varies according to the size of the treatment area. When phosphatidylcholine is used for body contouring, a “typical” dosage is 100 mg per 5 5-cm area.6 The product can be obtained from compounding pharmacies (Pharmacy Creations, Randolph, N.J.; 973-3288756), the Internet, or overseas (Mesoestetic, Ltd., Barcelona, Spain, 00 34 93 325 30 30; in the United States, Sherman Oaks, Calif. , 818-
Monetary Policy and Asset Price Bubbles

This paper assesses the linear and non-linear dynamic effects of monetary policy on asset price bubbles. We use a Principal Component Analysis to estimate new bubble indicators for the stock and housing markets in the United States based on structural, econometric and statistical approaches. We find that the effects of monetary policy are asymmetric so the responses to restrictive and expansionary shocks must be differentiated. Restrictive monetary policy is not able to deflate asset price bubbles contrary to the “leaning against the wind” policy recommendations. Expansionary interest rate policies would inflate stock price bubbles whereas expansionary balance-sheet measures would not.
Sensorless Control of BLDCM Drive for a High-Speed Maglev Blower Using Low-Pass Filter

This paper develops the brushless dc motor sensorless control strategy for a high-speed maglev blower. The sensorless techniques are based on a phase voltage comparator and a nonlinear offline compensator. The nonlinear offline compensator is used to compensate for the phase delay of the back electromotive force due to a low-pass filter; the phase voltage comparator is used to compensate for variations of the phase due to changes in the load, calculation error, and unbalance of three-phase motor stator. The commutation mode based on the transition between “<inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">$60 - \phi $</tex-math></inline-formula>,” “ <inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">$120 - \phi $</tex-math></inline-formula>,” and “<inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$180 - \phi $</tex-math></inline-formula>” by detecting the total delay angle, the process of start-up, and the antidisturbance capability is described in detail. Some experiments are implemented on a single-chip DSP controller to demonstrate the feasibility of the suggested sensorless and the good anti-interference property.
Uterotrophic effects of testosterone and 5alpha-dihydrotestosterone in intact and ovariectomized immature female rats.

The relative effectiveness of exogenous testosterone and 5n-dihydrotestosterone (DHT) in causing uterine growth in intact vs ovariectomized immature rats has been investigated to determine the extent to which the uterotrophic responses to these androgens depends upon their aromatization in the ovaries.Ovariectomy depressed the abilityof testosteroneto a much greaterextent than that of DHT to induce uterine growth, especiallyhypertrophy of the uterineluminal epithelial cells. This ability was not furtherdecreased by adrenalectomy. Exogenous estradiol-17(3 administration was aseffectiveinstimulatinguterinegrowth and increased luminal epithelial cellheightin ovariectomized rats treated with DHT as in those treated with testosterone, indicating that the decreased effectiveness of DHT to induce these changes was not the result of greater anti-estrogenic activity of DHT than of testosterone. Ovarian contents of immunoreactive estradiol-1 713increased markedly, and approximately in parallel with increased ovarian contents of immunoreactive testosterone + DHT 6 and 12 h after s.c. injection of testosterone;by 24 h, ovarian contents of both steroids declined approximately to pre-injection levels. In contrast, s.c. injection of DHT was followed by significantly decreased ovarian contents of estradiol-1 7(3 at all 3 time intervals. It is concluded that increased ovarian formation of estradiol-1 7j3 occurs when ovarian contents of testosterone are elevated by administration of high dosages of exogenous testosterone to immature rats, and that this estrogen contributes significantly to the uterine growth and histologic changes which follow testosterone administration. The lack of such changes as a result of 01-IT administration attests to the inability of this androgen to undergo aromatization in vivo; the decreased ovarian content of estradiol-1713 following DHT administration suggests that this steroid, in addition to being ineffectual as an estrogen precursor, may actually play a role in inhibition of ovarian estrogen biosynthesis.
Monolithic Integration of Balanced Traveling-Wave Photodetectors with Polymer Optical Waveguide

We have designed and fabricated monolithic balanced distributed traveling-wave metal-semiconductor-metal (MSM) photodetectors with polymer optical waveguides. We successfully demonstrated the monolithic integration of distributed traveling-wave photodetectors with polymer optical waveguides for balanced detection applications. A responsivity of 0.44 A/W and a 3 dB bandwidth of 10 GHz were measured in the devices.
Anatomic and Energetic Correlates of Divergent Selection for Basal Metabolic Rate in Laboratory Mice

The aerobic capacity model postulates that high basal metabolic rates (BMR) associated with endothermy evolved as a correlated response to the selection on maximum, peak metabolic rate V̇o2,max. Furthermore, the model assumes that BMR and V̇o2,max are causally linked, and therefore, evolutionary changes in their levels cannot occur independently. To test this, we compared metabolic and anatomical correlates of selection for high and low body mass–corrected BMR in males of laboratory mice of F18 and F19 selected generations. Divergent selection resulted in between‐line difference in BMR equivalent to 2.3 phenotypic standard deviation units. V̇o2,max elicited by forced swimming in 20°C water was higher in the low BMR than high BMR line and did not differ between the lines when elicited by exposure to heliox at −2.5°C. Moreover, the magnitude of swim‐ and heliox‐induced hypothermia was significantly smaller in low BMR mice, whereas their interscapular brown adipose tissue was larger than in high BMR mice. Our results are therefore at variance with the predictions of aerobic capacity model. The selection also resulted in correlated response in food consumption (C) and masses of metabolically active internal organs: kidneys, liver, small intestine, and heart, which fuel maximum, sustained metabolic rate (SusMR) rather than V̇o2,max. These correlated responses were strong enough to claim the existence of positive, genetic correlations between BMR and the mass of viscera as well as C. Thus, our findings support the suggestion that BMR evolved as a correlated response to selection for SusMR, not V̇o2,max. In functional terms BMR should therefore be interpreted as a measure of energetic costs of maintenance of metabolic machinery necessary to sustain high levels of energy assimilation rate.
Impaired hippocampal LTP in inbred mouse strains can be rescued by β‐adrenergic receptor activation

Long‐term potentiation (LTP), an activity‐dependent enhancement of synaptic strength, and memory can be influenced by neuromodulatory transmitters such as norepinephrine (NE) and also by genetic background. β‐Adrenergic receptor activation can facilitate the expression of hippocampal CA1 LTP induced by weak stimulus patterns, but its influence on LTP induced by stronger stimulus patterns is unclear. We examined neural NE and dopamine (DA) levels, β‐adrenergic receptor expression and hippocampal LTP in genetically diverse inbred mouse strains. Brain tissue levels of NE were significantly lower in strains 129S1/SvImJ (129), BALB/cByJ (BALB) and C3H/HeJ (C3H) than in C57BL/6NCrlBR (B6). Western blot analysis showed that hippocampal β1‐adrenergic receptor expression was similar in strains B6, 129 and C3H, but was increased in BALB. LTP was induced in area CA1 of hippocampal slices by four trains of high‐frequency stimulation (HFS) of the Schaeffer collaterals in the four inbred strains. Two hours after induction, LTP was significantly reduced in strains 129, BALB and C3H compared to B6, correlating with neural NE levels. We rescued hippocampal LTP in strains 129, BALB and C3H to levels seen in B6 by bath application of 1 µm isoproterenol, a β‐adrenergic receptor agonist, during HFS. Propranolol, a β‐adrenergic receptor antagonist, blocked this rescue in 129, BALB and C3H but did not affect LTP in strain B6. Thus, although this form of multitrain LTP does not rely on β‐adrenergic receptor activation, our data show that pharmacological activation of β‐adrenergic receptors during multiple trains of HFS can rescue CA1 LTP in genetically diverse strains with impaired LTP.
Mutations in the AF-2/Hormone-binding Domain of the Chimeric Activator GAL4·Estrogen Receptor·VP16 Inhibit Hormone-dependent Transcriptional Activation and Chromatin Remodeling in Yeast*

GAL4·estrogen receptor·VP16 (GAL4·ER·VP16), which contains the GAL4 DNA-binding domain, the human ER hormone binding (AF-2) domain, and the VP16 activation domain, functions as a hormone-dependent transcriptional activator in yeast (Louvion, J.-F., Havaux-Copf, B., and Picard, D. (1993)Gene (Amst.) 131, 129–134). Previously, we showed that this activator can remodel chromatin in yeast in a hormone-dependent manner. In this work, we show that a weakened VP16 activation domain in GAL4·ER·VP16 still allows hormone-dependent chromatin remodeling, but mutations in the AF-2 domain that abolish activity in the native ER also eliminate the ability of GAL4·ER·VP16 to activate transcription and to remodel chromatin. These findings suggest that an important role of the AF-2 domain in the native ER is to mask the activation potential of the AF-1 activation domain in the unliganded state; upon ligand activation, a conformational change releases AF-2-mediated repression and transcriptional activation ensues. We also show that the AF-2 domain, although inactive at simple promoters on its own in yeast, can enhance transcription by the MCM1 activator in hormone-dependent manner, consistent with its having a role in activation as well as repression in the native ER.
An intrinsic tonoplast protein of protein storage vacuoles in seeds is structurally related to a bacterial solute transporter (GIpF).

The tonoplast mediates the transport of various ions and metabolites between the vacuole and cytosol by mechanisms that remain to be elucidated at the molecular level. The primary structure of only one tonoplast protein, the H(+)-ATPase, has been reported to date. Here we report the primary structure of tonoplast intrinsic protein (TIP), a 27-kilodalton intrinsic membrane protein that occurs widely in the tonoplasts of the protein storage vacuoles (protein bodies) of seeds [Johnson, K.D. , et al. (1989). Plant Physiol. 91, 1006-1013]. Hydropathy plots and secondary structure analysis of the polypeptide predict six membrane-spanning domains connected by short loops and hydrophilic, cytoplasmically oriented N- and C-terminal regions. TIP displays significant homology with several other membrane proteins from diverse sources: major intrinsic polypeptide from bovine lens fiber plasma membrane; NOD 26, a peribacteroid membrane protein in the nitrogen-fixing root nodules of soybean; and interestingly, GIpF, the glycerol facilitator transport protein in the cytoplasmic membrane of Escherichia coli. Based on the homology between TIP and GIpF and the knowledge that the protein storage vacuolar membrane and the peribacteroid membrane are active in solute transport, we propose that TIP transports small metabolites between the storage vacuoles and cytoplasm of seed storage tissues.
Dyschromatosis symmetrica hereditaria (reticulate acropigmentation of Dohi): report of a Japanese family with the condition and a literature review of 185 cases

We report a Japanese family with dyschromatosis symmetrica hereditaria (DSH) (MIM 127400 in McKusick's Mendelian Inheritance in Man), a rare autosomal dominant genodermatosis, predominantly occurring among Japanese and Korean individuals. Members of the present family affected with the disease showed a mixture of hyperpigmented and hypopigmented macules distributed on the face and the dorsal aspects of the extremities, which are typical of DSH. As most of the literature on DSH has been written in Japanese, dermatologists outside Japan are not familiar with the condition. In this paper, 185 cases of DSH, most of them reported in Japanese, are reviewed and unique clinical, histological and genetic features of this condition are delineated.
High throughput rate EBCOT architecture for JPEG2000

This work presents a parallel context-modeling coding architecture and a matching arithmetic coder (MQ coder) for the embedded block coding (EBCOT) unit of the JPEG2000 encoder. The Tier-1 of the EBCOT consumes most of the time in a JPEG2000 encoding system. The proposed parallel architecture can increase the throughput rate of the context-modeling. To match the high throughput rate of the parallel context-modeling architecture, an efficient pipelined architecture for context-based adaptive arithmetic encoder is proposed. This encoder of JPEG2000 can work at 185MHz to encode one symbol each cycle. To compare to the conventional context-modeling architecture the presented parallel architecture can improve the throughput rate up to 25%. Because of the high throughput rate of the parallel context-modeling architecture, the concept of multi-rate processing for low power design can be applied.
The contribution of atom accessibility to site of metabolism models for cytochromes P450.

Three different types of atom accessibility descriptors are investigated in relation to site of metabolism predictions. To enable the integration of local accessibility we have constructed 2DSASA, a method for the calculation of the atomic solvent accessible surface area that is independent of 3D coordinates. The method was implemented in the SMARTCyp site of metabolism prediction models and improved the results by up to 4 percentage points for nine cytochrome P450 isoforms. The final models are made available at http://www.farma. ku.dk/smartcyp.
The Protein Expression of NDRG 1 in Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma and Its Relationship with Clinical Pathology Factors

Aim. To study the expression of N-myc downstream regulated gene 1(NDRGl) in esophageal squamous cell carcinomas(ESCC). Methods. The S-P immunohistochemical method was employed to detect the expression of NDRGI in 49 cases of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma, mucosa adjacent to cancer and normal mucosa. Results. There were no differences in the positive expression rate of NDRGI protein in cancerous tissues, mucosa adjacent to cancer and normal mucosa(P>0.05) , but protein expre. 'iSionlevels were different. In normal mucosa, mucosa adjacent to cancer and cancerous tissues, the expression rate in low expression level ( + ) were: 8.2%,65.3%, 81. 6% ; the expression rate of high expression level( + + ) were: 87.7%,13.0% ,8. 1 %, respectively, and they had significantly differences( P < 0.01) . There were no differences of NDRGI protein expression in different differentiation levels of esophageal carcinoma and with or without lymph node metastasis of esophageal carcinoma. Conclusion. The expre.9sion of NDRGI is lower in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma, and this may be related to the occurence of e.90phageal squamous cell carcinoma. [Life Science Journal. 2006; 3 (1) : 18 22] (ISSN: 10978135) . oJ
Thymidylate synthase gene polymorphism and its association with relapse in childhood B-cell precursor acute lymphoblastic leukemia.

We investigated a tandem-repeat polymorphism within the promoter region of the thymidylate synthase gene in 40 matched pairs of relapsed and non-relapsed childhood B-cell precursor acute lymphoblastic leukemia patients. This polymorphism has previously been suggested to influence treatment outcome in childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia. In our study, no association between thymidylate synthase genotype and risk of relapse was found.
Informed Trading in Limit Order Markets : Evidence on Trinary Order Choice

This study employs a unique data set from a pure limit order currency market which shows typical microstructural patterns. We distinguish between two types of limit orders. Screen orders are priced to show up on every dealers trading screen immediately, whereas ordinary limit orders are priced to line up invisibly in the order book. This decomposition allows us to identify different roots of endogenous liquidity provision: informed traders supply liquidity by means of speculative trading via screen orders and by spread trading via ordinary limit orders. The former turn out to have significant price impact similar to that of market orders. This suggests an extension of qualitative order choice to a trinary choice. Due to their informational advantage, informed traders also help to maintain liquidity in times of higher volatility. Thus limit orders and in particular screen orders are a pivotal point in understanding information processing and liquidity provision in currency markets. JEL-Classification: G12, G15, D82, F31
Cytotoxic new furoquinoline alkaloid isolated from Ammi majus L. growing in Egypt

Abstract Two alkaloids of the furoquinoline-type were isolated from Ammi majus L. ; a new one and was identified as 4-hydro-7-hydroxy-8-methoxyfuroquinoline (1), and the other was isolated for the second time from nature and was identified as 4-hydro-7-hydroxy-8-prenyloxyfuroquinoline (2). The structures of the isolated compounds were established and confirmed by 1D and 2D NMR spectroscopy including 1H, 13C NMR, COSY, HSQC and HMBC, while the exact masses were confirmed by HRESI/MS. The cytotoxic activity of the isolated compounds (1 and 2) was evaluated against HepG-2, PC-3, A-549 and MCF-7 and the obtained results suggested selective antiproliferative and cytotoxic effects, with IC50 = 230.2 and 326.5 μM against HepG-2 and MCF-7, respectively, for compound (1). While, compound (2) recorded IC50 = 234.2 μM against MCF-7.
Influence of soil and climate on root zone storage capacity

Root zone storage capacity (Sr) is an important variable for hydrology and climate studies, as it strongly influences the hydrological functioning of a catchment and, via evaporation, the local climate. Despite its importance, it remains difficult to obtain a well‐founded catchment representative estimate. This study tests the hypothesis that vegetation adapts its Sr to create a buffer large enough to sustain the plant during drought conditions of a certain critical strength (with a certain probability of exceedance). Following this method, Sr can be estimated from precipitation and evaporative demand data. The results of this “climate‐based method” are compared with traditional estimates from soil data for 32 catchments in New Zealand. The results show that the differences between catchments in climate‐derived catchment representative Sr values are larger than for soil‐derived Sr values. Using a model experiment, we show that the climate‐derived Sr can better reproduce hydrological regime signatures for humid catchments; for more arid catchments, the soil and climate methods perform similarly. This makes the climate‐based Sr a valuable addition for increasing hydrological understanding and reducing hydrological model uncertainty.