Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
FBW7 upregulation enhances cisplatin cytotoxicity in non- small cell lung cancer cells.

INTRODUCTION Lung cancer is extremely harmful to human health and has one of the highest worldwide incidences of all malignant tumors. Approximately 80% of lung cancers are classified as non-small cell lung cancers (NSCLCs). Cisplatin-based multidrug chemotherapy regimen is standard for such lesions, but drug resistance is an increasing problem. F-box/WD repeat-containing protein 7 (FBW7) is a member of the F-box protein family that regulates cell cycle progression, and cell growth and differentiation. FBW7 also functions as a tumor suppressor. METHODS We used cell viability assays, Western blotting, and immunofluorescence combined with siRNA interference or plasmid transfection to investigate the underlying mechanism of cisplatin resistance in NSCLC cells. RESULTS We found that FBW7 upregulation significantly increased cisplatin chemosensitivity and that cells expressing low levels of FBW7, such as NCI-H1299 cells, have a mesenchymal phenotype. Furthermore, siRNA-mediated silencing or plasmid-mediated upregulation of FBW7 resulted in altered epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) patterns in NSCLC cells. These data support a role for FBW7 in regulating the EMT in NSCLC cells. CONCLUSION FBW7 is a potential drug target for combating drug resistance and regulating the EMT in NSCLC cells.
Optimal Budget Allocation Across Search Advertising Markets

One critical operational decision facing online advertisers when they engage in sponsored search advertising is concerned with the allocation of a limited advertising budget. In particular, dealing with multi-keyword search markets over multiple decision periods poses significant decision-making challenges. In this paper, we develop a novel budget allocation optimization model with multiple search advertising markets and a finite time horizon. One key element of our modeling work is developing a customized advertising response function when considering distinctive features of sponsored search, including the quality score and the dynamic advertising effort. We derive a feasible solution to our budget model and study its properties. Computational experiments are conducted on real-world data to evaluate our budget model and perform parameter sensitivity analysis. Experimental results indicate that our budget allocation strategy significantly outperforms several baseline strategies. In addition, the identified properties derived from the solution process illuminate critical managerial insights for advertisers in sponsored search.
Deep learning of tissue specific speckle representations in optical coherence tomography and deeper exploration for in situ histology

Optical coherence tomography (OCT) relies on speckle image formation by coherent sensing of photons diffracted from a broadband laser source incident on tissues. Its non-ionizing nature and tissue specific speckle appearance has leveraged rapid clinical translation for non-invasive high-resolution in situ imaging of critical organs and tissue viz. coronary vessels, healing wounds, retina and choroid. However the stochastic nature of speckles introduces inter- and intra-observer reporting variability challenges. This paper proposes a deep neural network (DNN) based architecture for unsupervised learning of speckle representations in swept-source OCT using denoising auto-encoders (DAE) and supervised learning of tissue specifics using stacked DAEs for histologically characterizing healthy skin and healing wounds with the aim of reducing clinical reporting variability. Performance of our deep learning based tissue characterization method in comparison with conventional histology of healthy and wounded mice skin strongly advocates its use for in situ histology of live tissues.
A novel dual-band dual-sense circulalry polarized antenna based on simple printed dipole structure

A new method to achieve dual-band dual-sense circularly polarized (CP) antenna is studied in this paper. This antenna is evolved from a simple linear polarized bow-tie dipole antenna, and the dual-band dual-sense CP waves are generated by rotational symmetry geometry. The measured impedance bandwidth (IBW) for S11>−10 dB is 97.4% (1.96∼5.68 GHz). The measured 3-dB axial ratio bandwidths (ARBWs) are 9.2% (2.29∼2.51 GHz) with right-hand circular polarization (RHCP) and 12.3% (4.96∼5.61 GHz) with left-hand circular polarization (LHCP). Furthermore, the radiation patterns perform very well, and the antenna peak gain within the lower and upper ARBWs are 2.0 and 4.6 dBic, respectively.
The Molecular Perspective: Cytochrome P450

cals. Our food is filled with unpleasant compounds: the plants we eat fill themselves with complex poisons and cooking forms a variety of reactive scorched molecules. Living in an industrial society, we are subject to all manner of pollutants. Our vices dose us with depressants and stimulants. Personally, I continually challenge my body with high levels of theobromine. Fortunately, we effectively recognize, transform, and eliminate these dangerous molecules, rendering them harmless. The human body is designed to absorb carbon-rich molecules, so that we can use the fats and vitamins in our diet. Unfortunately, many unwanted molecules, such as poisons and drugs, are also swept along with these nutrients into the body. To make matters worse, we are not designed for excreting these foreign carbon-rich molecules. The urinary system and digestive system are best at removing soluble compounds, such as urea. So, to ensure that carbon-rich toxins do not accumulate and poison us, we have a special system to take these molecules and make them more soluble, and thus more suitable for elimination. Cytochrome P450 (Fig. 1) is at the heart of this transformation system. It attaches a chemical “handle” onto these molecules. Then, in a second phase, other enzymes attach large soluble chemical groups to these handles, making the entire molecule more water soluble. Cytochrome P450 and the second-phase enzymes are found predominantly in the liver, where they form a first line of defense against toxins. They are also quite common in the nasal mucosa, where they defend us against bad odors. We make a collection of 15 or so different cytochrome P450 enzymes, each with slightly different jobs. All contain an iron atom held in a heme group. This iron atom takes electrons and uses them to charge an oxygen atom, making it highly reactive. This oxygen atom then can make many changes on different toxic molecules. It may add an alcoholic hydroxyl group or a three-membered epoxide ring. It may assist in the removal of hydrogen atoms or methyl groups, or assist in larger cleavages and rearrangements. Together, this small group of enzymes performs a Herculean range of reactions, using oxygen to attack thousands of different molecules. Some familiar molecules oxidized by cytochrome P450 include acetaminophen, caffeine, nicotine, diazepam, aniline and benzene. Cytochrome P450 enzymes also make occasional modifications to our own carbon-rich molecules, for instance, playing an essential role in the production of steroid hormones. The Molecular Perspective: Cytochrome P450
First TerraSAR-X interferometry evaluation

The German radar satellite TerraSAR-X was launched in June 2007 [1] and is currently ending its commissioning phase. We anticipate quite different interferometric application scenarios compared to ERS- 1/2 and ASAR due to the X-band frequency, the short orbital repeat cycles of 11 days, the high range resolution and the spotlight mode of this sensor. During the commissioning phase we have scheduled a number of acquisitions over selected test sites with different characteristics to get an early quick look of TerraSAR-X's interferometric capabilities and to assess the phase quality of the sensor and DLR’s processor system [2]. Our first results are quite encouraging and the technical parameters of the system are as specified. Many spectacular image details let us expect that the high resolution will demand a different view on SAR interferometry and allow new applications in urban environments. In our paper we show interferograms and images of different test sites, coherence measurements and a first assessment of the interferometric properties. We will give hints to future scientific users on data selection and data processing. The results are of high relevance for the TanDEM-X mission scheduled for 2009, when a second compatible SAR-sensor will be launched for a joint 3 year bistatic interferometric formation flight.
Opposite variations in fumarate and malate dominate metabolic phenotypes of Arabidopsis salicylate mutants with abnormal biomass under chilling.

In chilling conditions (5°C), salicylic acid (SA)-deficient mutants (sid2, eds5 and NahG) of Arabidopsis thaliana produced more biomass than wild type (Col-0), whereas the SA overproducer cpr1 was extremely stunted. The hypothesis that these phenotypes were reflected in metabolism was explored using 600 MHz (1) H nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) analysis of unfractionated polar shoot extracts. Biomass-related metabolic phenotypes were identified as multivariate data models of these NMR 'fingerprints'. These included principal components that correlated with biomass. Also, partial least squares-regression models were found to predict the relative size of plants in previously unseen experiments in different light intensities, or relative size of one genotype from the others. The dominant signal in these models was fumarate, which was high in SA-deficient mutants, intermediate in Col-0 and low in cpr1 at 5°C. Among signals negatively correlated with biomass, malate was prominent. Abundance of transcripts of the FUM2 cytosolic fumarase (At5g50950) showed strong positive correlation with fumarate levels and with biomass, whereas no significant differences were found for the FUM1 mitochondrial fumarase (At2g47510). It was confirmed that the morphological effects of SA under chilling find expression in the metabolome, with a role of fumarate highlighted.
Movilización de contaminantes en el terreno a partir de suelos contaminados

La intensa explotacion de los yacimientos de Sierra Almagrera-Las Herrerias han generado un gran volumen de residuos que han quedado, en parte, depositados sobre el acuifero aluvial del Valle Bajo y Delta del rio Almanzora. De todos ellos, destaca por su potencial contaminante los fangos de flotacion mineros de el Arteal. La intensa dispersion mecanica y el laboreo agricola han incorporado al suelo diversos contaminantes, entre las que se encuentran los metales pesados. La movilidad de los metales en el suelo tiene lugar de forma estacional. Asi durante los escasos episodios de precipitacion, las fases secundarias de alteracion de los minerales sulfurados son solubilizados, migrando hacia los horizontes inferiores y zona no saturada. Las curvas de elucion de los ensayos en columna llevadas a cabo con el fin de evaluar la movilidad de los metales en la zona no saturada, ponen de manifiesto un descenso paulatino de la concentracion con el tiempo como consecuncia de un fenomeno de lavado, variando esta en funcion del estado de oxidacion de los residuos mineros. La modelizacion numerica del transporte reactivo se ha llevado a cabo comparando las curvas de elucion experimentales con la solucion analitica de la Ecuacion de Conveccion-Dispersion, para el caso de lixiviacion con adsorcion lineal y el Modelo del Reactor Quimico de Mezcla Perfecta. Esta modelizacion revela que el transporte de masa se encuentra controlado por un proceso de caracter fluidodinamico asociado a una posible adsorcion y/o precipitacion de caracter cinetico. Por todo ello, puede establecerse una secuencia de movilidad relativa para los diferentes contaminantes en el suelo y zona no saturada, estableciendose que el Si, Cu, Ni y Co presentan movilidad elevada: As, Sb, Mn y Fe movilidad baja; Ba muy baja y Pb, Cd y Ag practicamente inmoviles.
Analysis of the Effect of Channel Sub-rating in Unidirectional Call Overflow Scheme for Call Admission in Hierarchical Cellular Networks

Key goals of call admission control in the next generations of wireless networks are the efficient use of the limited wireless resource and the enhanced quality of service (QoS). Knowing that blocking of handoff calls is less desirable than blocking of new calls and the latter inevitably leads to the reduced resource utilization, we propose in this paper a new call admission control for balancing this tradeoff. It is based on the sub-rating strategy (SRS) implemented in conjunction with unidirectional call overflow in hierarchical cellular networks (HCN). With SRS, an occupied full-rate channel is halved to service a call in progress and a handoff call in parallel. Theoretical models based on 1-D Markov process for a microcell and 2-D Markov chain for macrocell analyses are developed to evaluate the performance of the proposed scheme. We compare the results with that obtained by Shan in W.H. Shan and P.Z. Fan, (2003). The experimental results certify higher performance in terms of the forced termination probability. Additionally, we evaluate the voice degradation quality due to subrating.
Insulin aspart (B28 asp-insulin): a fast-acting analog of human insulin: absorption kinetics and action profile compared with regular human insulin in healthy nondiabetic subjects.

OBJECTIVE To study the pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic profile of insulin aspart (a new fast-acting human insulin analog) after subcutaneous administration in the deltoid, abdominal, and thigh sites and to compare this profile with regular human insulin (Novolin; Novo Nordisk A/S, Copenhagen). RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS A total of 20 healthy subjects were studied in a single-center six-period double-blind randomized crossover trial with 6 study days and a washout period of 1 week between each single daily dose of the trial drug. Subjects were randomized to receive a single dose of 0.2 U/kg of insulin aspart or regular insulin on each of the 6 study days in three different sites (the deltoid, the abdomen, and the thigh) during a 10-h euglycemic clamp (two drugs and three injection sites). Pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic measurements were derived from blood sample measurements of glucose, insulin, and C-peptide during these clamps. RESULTS The pharmacodynamic data from the euglycemic clamp study showed that, regardless of injection site, the maximal glucose infusion rate (GIR Cmax) was greater and occurred at an earlier time (GIR Tmax) after administration of insulin aspart than regular insulin (GIR Cmax: abdomen 813 vs. 708, deltoid 861 vs. 736, and thigh 857 vs. 720 g/min, P < 0.05 for all; GIR Tmax: abdomen 94 vs. 173, deltoid 111 vs. 192, and thigh 145 vs. 193 g/min, P < 0.05 for all). Pharmacokinetic parameters were also consistent with faster absorption and higher peak insulin concentrations after insulin aspart administration. From all sites, the peak insulin concentration (Cmax) was higher and occurred earlier (Tmax) after administration of insulin aspart than of regular insulin (Cmax: abdomen 501 vs. 260, deltoid 506 vs. 252, thigh 422 vs. 220 pmol/l, P < 0.001 for all sites; Tmax: abdomen 52 vs. 109, deltoid 54 vs. 98, and thigh 60 vs. 107 min, P < 0.01 for all sites). The absorption and glucose-lowering action of insulin aspart did not differ between sites (similar GIR Cmax, Tmax, and area under the curve parameters). However, the duration of the glucose-lowering effect was up to 34 min shorter (P < 0.01) for the abdomen injections than for the deltoid or thigh injections (lower time of 50% glucose disposal). In addition, the amount of glucose infused was significantly lower by 10-14% in the abdomen than in other sites. CONCLUSIONS Subcutaneous administration of insulin aspart causes a more rapid and intense maximal effect compared with regular insulin during euglycemic clamp studies in nondiabetic subjects. Abdominal administration of insulin aspart has a shorter duration of glucose-lowering effect compared with administration in the deltoid or thigh.
Algorithms to determine exact blocking probabilities for multirate tree networks

A circuit-switched network consisting of multiple-access links connected to a common link is considered. Each call requires circuits on one access link and on the common link. The network supports multiple classes of calls where each class specifies a bandwidth requirement, an arrival rate, and a holding-time distribution. Based on a product-form solution for these networks, four algorithms are developed to determine the exact blocking probability for each of the classes. The first two algorithms are based on convolution, the third on the fast Fourier transform, and the fourth on a recursion due to J.S. Kaufman (1981) and to J.W. Roberts (1981). Complexity bounds and numerical results demonstrate that these algorithms can determine blocking probabilities in reasonable CPU time for networks with thousands of circuits. >
Familial bilateral polypoidal choroidal vasculopathy.

PURPOSE Description of the clinical and angiographic manifestations of polypoidal choroidal vasculopathy (PCV) in two brothers of West Indian origin. METHOD Case reports. RESULTS In Case 1 (82-year-old), the disease presented when the patient was 50 years old with decreased visual acuity in the right eye. Onset of symptoms in the left eye occurred 30 years later. Visual acuity was limited to good luminous orientation in both eyes. In Case 2 (78-year-old), the disease presented in the right eye when the patient was about 68 years old. Visual acuity in the right eye was reduced to good luminous orientation. Symptoms in the left eye appeared 10 years later. Visual acuity in the left eye was 20/100. In both patients, medical history was significant only for arterial hypertension. There was no intraocular inflammation or ocular hypertonicity. Indocyanine green angiography revealed hyperfluorescent polypoidal dilatations at early and intermediate phases, characteristic of PCV. CONCLUSION These observations argue in favor of a genetic component in PCV.
Barriers to accessing specialist care for older people with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in rural New Zealand.

INTRODUCTION Access to health care for people living in rural areas presents many challenges. For people who live with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), the ability to access specialist health services facilitates improved health outcomes, however many barriers to accessing specialist health care have been identified. This paper reports on the challenges people living with COPD in rural New Zealand (NZ) face in accessing specialist health care services. METHODS Nine people living with COPD in a small NZ rural town were interviewed in 2007. FINDINGS Data analysis, using a general inductive approach found that difficulties with transportation, physical access, communication and finances collectively added up to significant barriers to accessing specialist care for this group of people. CONCLUSION The findings raise questions about the model of care needed to improve health care for rural people with COPD. Collaborative multidisciplinary teams with specialist respiratory nurses working in the community are proposed to improve care coordination and improve communication for this group of people.
Dihydrotestosterone activates the MAPK pathway and modulates maximum isometric force through the EGF receptor in isolated intact mouse skeletal muscle fibres

It is generally believed that steroid hormones have both genomic and non‐genomic (rapid) actions. Although the latter form an important component of the physiological response of these hormones, little is known about the cellular signalling pathway(s) mediating these effects and their physiological functions in adult mammalian skeletal muscle fibres. Therefore, the primary aim of this study was to investigate the non‐genomic actions of dihydrotestosterone (DHT) and their physiological role in isolated intact mammalian skeletal muscle fibre bundles. Our results show that treating the fibre bundles with physiological concentrations of DHT increases both twitch and tetanic contractions in fast twitch fibres. However, it decreases them in slow twitch fibres. These changes in force are accompanied by an increase in the phosphorylation of MAPK/ERK1/2 in both fibre types and that of regulatory myosin light chains in fast twitch fibres. Both effects were insensitive to inhibitors of Src kinase, androgen receptor, insulin‐like growth factor 1 receptor and platelet‐derived growth factor receptor. However, they were abolished by the MAPK/ERK1/2 kinase inhibitor PD98059 and the epidermal growth factor (EGF) receptor inhibitor tyrphostin AG 1478. In contrast, testosterone had no effect on force and increased the phosphorylation of ERK1/2 in slow twitch fibres only. From these results we conclude that sex steroids have non‐genomic actions in isolated intact mammalian skeletal muscle fibres. These are mediated through the EGF receptor and one of their main physiological functions is the enhancement of force production in fast twitch skeletal muscle fibres.
Modeling emergent patterns of dynamic desert ecosystems

In many desert ecosystems, vegetation is both patchy and dynamic: vegetated areas are interspersed with patches of bare ground, and both the positioning and the species composition of the vegetated areas exhibit change through time. These characteristics lead to the emergence of multi-scale patterns in vegetation that arise from complex relationships between plants, soils, and transport processes. Previous attempts to probe the causes of spatial complexity and predict responses of desert ecosystems tend to be limited in their focus: models of dynamics have been developed with no consideration of the inherent patchiness in the vegetation, or else models have been developed to generate patterns with no consideration of the dynamics. Here we develop a general modelling framework for the analysis of ecosystem change in deserts that is rooted in the concept of connectivity and is derived from a detailed process-based understanding. We explicitly consider spatial interactions among multiple vegetation types and.
Impact of body fat mass and percent fat on metabolic rate and thermogenesis in men.

To clarify further the independent relationships of body composition parameters to energy expenditure, resting metabolic rate (RMR) and postprandial thermogenesis were studied in four groups who were matched for absolute fat mass (study 1) and relative fatness (study 2). In study 1, five lean [group A, 15.4 +/- 0.6% (+/- SE) body fat] and five obese men (group B, 25.0 +/- 0.9% fat) were matched on body fat mass (13.0 +/- 0.9 vs. 14.4 +/- 0.8 kg, respectively). Fat-free mass (FFM) and total weight were greater for group A than B. RMR was measured for 3 h in the fasted state and after a 720-kcal mixed meal. RMR was greater for group A than B (1.38 +/- 0.08 vs. 1.14 +/- 0.04 kcal/min, P less than 0.05). The thermic effect of food, calculated as 3 h postprandial minus fasting RMR, was greater for group A than B (65 +/- 6 vs. 23 +/- 9 kcal/3 h; P less than 0.05). In study 2, two groups (n = 6 men/group) were matched for percent body fat (33 +/- 1% fat for both) but differed in lean, fat, and total weights: 50.8 +/- 3.1 kg FFM for the lighter (group C) vs. 68.0 +/- 2.8 kg FFM for the heavier (group D) group, P less than 0.05. RMR was lower for group C than D (1.17 +/- 0.06 vs. 1.33 +/- 0.04 kcal/min, P less than 0.05), but the thermic effect of food was not significantly different (31 +/- 3 vs. 20 +/- 6 kcal/3 h). (ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)