Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Relationship between Skin Break Force and Anthocyanin Extractability at Different Ripening Stages

The extractability of anthocyanins from winegrapes with different skin hardness at two different ripening stages was evaluated. Skin hardness was assessed by texture analysis, a rapid and low-cost analytical technique. Grape berries of cv. Brachetto were calibrated according to their density estimated by flotation in 10 different salt solutions. Skin hardness was measured via a puncture test, and two groups of berries with different skin hardness were selected for each ripening stage: soft ( 0.50 N). Anthocyanin skin extraction was evaluated in a hydroalcoholic model solution and the kinetics of skin dissolution was monitored. For each ripening stage, the harder skin had greater anthocyanin extractability. Significant interactions between ripening stage and skin hardness were found in the composition of individual anthocyanins present in the extract.
Ecological, Physiological and Biochemical Adaptation in Helminth: Trends in Evolution of Anthelminthic Chemical Agents

This review discusses the landmark anthelminthic substances – traditional medicine components, different categories of pluripotential synthetic and naturally occurring compounds. Much attention is paid to the sections devoted to recent discoveries (Emodepside, Monepantel, Derquantel, Tribendimidine) and to some promising works. The review is also focused on some aspects of molecular mechanisms of action of anthelminthic substances and of helminth adaptation to anthelminthic substances, and on alternative worming treatment options. Based on the systemic analysis of particular features of the chemical structure of anthelminthic substances, the hypothesis on the viability of the targeted search for such compounds among the derivatives of conditionally progenitor cyclic hydrocarbons – benzene, indene, naphthalene, 1Н-cyclopenth [a]-naphthalene , anthracene and phenanthrene – by alternating absolutely unsaturated and saturated structures, including heterocyclic analogues containing nitrogen, oxygen and sulfur and different substitutes and functional groups, was voiced.
Synthesis and characterization of oxovanadium (IV) β - diketonate complexes

Some oxovanadium (IV) complexes of acetylacetone, dibenzoylmethane, 2-thionyltrifluoroacetone, triflouroacetylacetone and benzoylacetone, have been prepared. The complexes were characterized by elemental analysis, molar conductance, decomposition temperature, solubility and infrared spectral studies. The ratio of oxovanadium to ligand revealed 1:2 in the complexes.
ANALGESIC, ANTI-INFLAMMATORY AND CNS ACTIVITIES OF THE METHANOLIC EXTRACT OF ARTOCURPUS HETEROPHYLLUS SEED

The present study was carried out to assess the analgesic, antiinflammatory and CNS activities of the methanolic extract of Artocurpus heterophyllus seed. In statistical analysis, the dose at 200 mg/kg was found to exhibit (significant p=0.05) moderate analgesic activity (43.54%) against acetic acid induced method and showed higher analgesic activity (70%) against formalin induced pain in mice than standard diclofenac Na (68.67%). Anti-inflammatory activity of A.heterophyllus seed (ATS) was performed for using carrageenan induced hind paw edema model at the dose of 200 and 400 mg/kg body weight, P.O. The extract of A. heterophyllus seed (ATS) at both doses of (200 and 400 mg/kg) also showed sustained inhibition (40.86 and 56.96%) of paw edema at the 4 th hour compared to indomethacin(71.01%). The CNS depressant activity was studied by open field and hole cross tests at the dose of 100 and 200 mg/kg and both doses showed significant (P=0.05) CNS depressant acivity at both 90 and 120 min in both method. The findings of the study suggested that A. heterophyllus seed have significant analgesic, anti-inflammatory and CNS effects conforming the traditional use of this plant.
Protective effect of clay minerals on adsorbed nucleic acid against UV radiation: possible role in the origin of life

The effect of UV radiation on solutions of free and clay-adsorbed DNA has been investigated. It turns out that clay (montmorillonite/kaolinite) adsorbed nucleic acid undergoes less radiation damage than free nucleic acid. Our laboratory experiments have an astronomical counterpart in terms of solar irradiance on the Earth. An origin of life scenario is proposed where ubiquitous clay minerals lead the surface chemistry of the molecules relevant to the biological evolution and at the same time protect them from the deadly rainfall of UV photons.
Three dimensions of the male gender role as correlates of alcohol and cannabis involvement in young Australian men.

This study examined 3 aspects of the male gender role and their relationship to alcohol and cannabis involvement in young adult Australian men (N = 160) aged between 18 and 25 years. Higher scores on the Restrictive Emotionality scale, which assessed gender ,role conflict, were found to relate to both alcohol-related problems and cannabis use. Higher scores on the Antifemininity scale, which assessed traditional attitudes toward men, were also found to be associated with alcohol-related problems. However, lower scores on another aspect of gender role conflict, Restrictive Affectionate Behavior Between Men, and lower scores on one aspect of traditional attitudes toward men, Status Rationality, correlated with higher frequency levels of alcohol and cannabis use.
EFFECTS OF PREPARATION CONDITIONS ON THE HYDROTHERMAL SYNTHESIS OF CdIn2S4 POWDER

CdIn2S4 powder was synthesized by a simple hydrothermal method employing L-cysteine as a sulfur source. Effects of pH of the solution, holding time and reaction temperature on purity, crystallinity and microstructure of the products were investigated. The products were characterized by XRD and FTIR, indicating pure CdIn2S4 with a cubic spinel structure at 240 °C for 48 h with the initial pH (1.8). Based on FESEM and TEM observations, the CdIn2S4 was an octahedral shape with an average size of 200-250 nm. EDX spectrum showed the existences of Cd, In and S elements with the atomic ratio of 1.00:2.06:3.95. The optical band gap of the CdIn2S4 was 2.30 eV. It can be seen that pH, holding time and reaction temperature were the important factors for the synthesis of the pure CdIn2S4 powders. Increase in pH yielded impurity in the products which could be explained by the hard and soft acid base (HSAB) concept. Increase in the length of the holding time could not improve the purity; however, a greater numbers of particles with well-structured octahedrons could be observed. A larger particle sizes with good crystalline structure were provided when high temperatures were used.
Polyion complex nanofibrous structure formed by self-assembly of chitosan and poly(acrylic acid)

An ideal scaffold design has a nanofibrous structure that can replace the natural extracellular matrix (ECM) until host cells can repopulate and resynthesize anew natural matrix. In this study, chitosan (CS)-poly(acrylic acid) (PAA) nanofibers with diameters that range from 50 to 150 nm are synthesized successfully by a modified dropping method. Exactly how various carboxylic acid solvents affect the formation of CS-PAA nanofibrous complex is also discussed. The results show that using adipic acid as a solvent to dissolve CS, adjusting the final pH value of the CS solution to 3, and then dropping the CS solution into the PAA solution at a ratio of 3:1, cause a significant reaction of CS with PAA and the nanofibers are dispersed uniformly. After freeze-drying, a 3-D interconnected CS-PAA nanofibrous scaffold with a fiber diameter that ranges from 30 to 200 nm can be obtained. The CS-PAA nanofibrous matrix is of particular interest in tissue engineering for controlled drug release and tissue remodeling.
Characterization of wax using potential energy and nanocalculation

Most reservoir fluids contain heavy paraffinic compounds that may precipitate as a solid or solid like material called wax if the fluid is cooled down. Wax precipitation is a phenomenon of considerable importance in oil industry. An increase in aggregation results in enhanced oil viscosity. This however causes significant negative effects on production, transportation and processing of crude oil. So, structural characterization of wax is considered to be important topic. In this work, normal paraffin molecules C20, C21, C23, C24, C25, C27, and C29 have been considered as representatives of wax molecule. Intermolecular forces have been calculated using quantum mechanics and statistical analysis. Second virial coefficients have been obtained for these molecules by applying intermolecular potential energy. Finally SRK and PR equation of states parameters have been achieved to have molecular consideration of wax structure.
Highly Stable PEMFC Electrodes Based on Electrospun Antimony‐Doped SnO2

High durability and activity for the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) was demonstrated for oxide-supported platinum catalysts. The supports were antimony doped SnO2 (ATO) fibres-in-tubes obtained by electrospinning and subsequent calcination. The doping with antimony instead of the already reported niobium, allowed the preparation of tin oxide with electrical conductivity similar to carbon, as well as an increased electrocatalyst loading. Platinum nanoparticles supported on electrospun ATO demonstrated higher electrochemical stability and comparable mass activity to commercial Pt/C during ex situ potential cycling. The in situ fuel cell tests also revealed an improved corrosion resistance with no noticeable degradation of the oxide based membrane electrode assembly (MEA), but a slightly lower performance compared to the MEA with carbon-supported catalysts.
High-frequency PWM forward converter with auxiliary active clamped capacitor for low voltage high current operation

This paper presents a novel prototype of ZCS-PWM forward DC-DC power converter designed for specific low-voltage high-current operation. A soft-switching forward power converter with a high frequency isolated link which can efficiently operate over wide load ranges, under conditions of ZCS and active voltage clamped switching, is established.
Solvent-Free Synthesis of Silver-Nanoparticles and their Use as Additive in Poly (Dicyclopentadiene)

Summary: A solvent-free environmentally benign synthesis of oleylamine capped silver nanoparticles is presented. Upon heating 10 equivalents of oleylamine and silver nitrate at 165°C for 30 min followed by a precipitation step using ethanol as the precipitant particles characterized by an Zaverage diameter of 63 nm were obtained. Dried particles can be easily redispersed in unpolar solvents or monomers, which pave the way for using them as an antimicrobial additive in polymeric materials. In particular, newly prepared Ag-particles were dispersed in dicyclopentadiene and the mixture was cured using ring opening metathesis polymerization yielding an antimicrobially equipped duroplastic material.
Role of Piperine As A Bioavailability Enhancer

Piperine is an alkaloid responsible for the pungency of black pepper and long pepper, along with chavicine (an isomer of piperine). It has also been used in some forms of traditional medicine and as an insecticide. Long pepper (Piper longum) and Black pepper (Piper nigrum), the active compound in both Piper longum and Piper nigrum is piperine (1-piperoyl piperidine) which is responsible for bioenhancing effect. It is shown to possess bioavailability enhancing activity with various structurally and therapeutically diverse drugs. It has been found that piperine's bioavailability-enhancing property may be attributed to increased absorption, which may be due to alteration in membrane lipid dynamics and change in the conformation of enzymes in the intestine. Piperine has been demonstrated to increase the serum levels and lengthen the serum half lives of some nutritional substances, such as coenzyme Q10 and beta-carotene. The mechanism of this action is unknown. It is speculated that piperine may act as a so-called thermonutrient and increase the absorption of certain nutritional substances from the gastrointestinal tract by producing a local thermogenic action. The present review is an attempt to highlight the bioenhancing ability of piperine when it is given along with various drugs and nutrients.
Corona Discharge Processes

Corona discharge processes emphasize one of two aspects of the discharge: the ions produced or the energetic electrons producing the plasma. In general, in an application using ions, the corona will occupy a small fraction of the total volume. However, a process using the electrons will fill most of the volume with the plasma. Applications of corona discharge induced plasmas and unipolar ions are reviewed. Current state- of-the-knowledge of ionized environments and the function of corona discharge processes are also discussed in detail.
PROTEIN SYNTHESIS AND MYOSIN HEAVY CHAIN mRNA IN THE RAT DIAPHRAGM DURING MECHANICAL VENTILATION

of Dissertation Presented to the Graduate School of the University of Florida in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy PROTEIN SYNTHESIS AND MYOSIN HEAVY CHAIN mRNA IN THE RAT DIAPHRAGM DURING MECHANICAL VENTILATION By R. Andrew Shanely December 2002 Chair: Scotty K. Powers, Ph.D., Ed.D. Department: Exercise and Sport Sciences The purpose of these experiments was to test the hypothesis that mechanical ventilation-induced diaphragmatic atrophy is due, at least in part, to a decreased rate of total protein synthesis and myosin heavy chain (MHC) protein synthesis. We also tested the hypothesis that mechanical ventilation (MV) alters pretranslational events in the diaphragm. To test these hypotheses, we randomly assigned specific-pathogen–free barrier-protected 4-month-old female Sprague-Dawley rats to one of three experimental groups: MV; spontaneously breathing (SB); or control/acute anesthesia. The MV animals were mechanically ventilated for 6, 12, or 18 hours (n=10 for each time period). Spontaneously breathing animals underwent the same surgical procedures and were anesthetized for the same period of time as the animals in the MV group, but were not exposed to MV. The acute-control animals (n=10) were not exposed to MV or prolonged anesthesia. The rate of protein synthesis was determined by measuring the rate of [C]leucine incorporation into total protein and MHC protein in the diaphragm of the
Characterization of the charge trapping properties in p-channel silicon–oxide–nitride–oxide–silicon memory devices including SiO2/Si3N4 interfacial transition layer

The role of SiO2/Si3N4 interfacial transition (IFT) layer in the oxide–nitride–oxide (ONO) tri-layer is quantitatively analyzed for the first time by simulating the temperature and stress-accelerated retention characteristics of p-channel silicon–oxide–nitride–oxide–silicon (SONOS) devices. The ONO tri-layer is modeled as an alloy-dielectric by changing the atomic concentration of silicon, oxygen and nitrogen. It is revealed that simulated results including the IFT layer are more consistent with the experimental data than those neglecting the IFT layer. In addition, the results show that the trapped charge density in IFT layer is two times larger than in the bulk Si3N4 film, due to the oxygen atoms penetrated from SiO2 cause the extrinsic defects in the IFT layer. The energy levels of the trapped charge are continuously distributed, and the peak value is ∼1.6 eV below the conduction band of the ONO tri-layer with a full width at half maximum of 0.45 eV.
Development of Reliable Models for Determination of Required Monoethanolamine (MEA) Circulation Rate in Amine Plants

In gas sweetening plants, one of the most sensitive operating parameters is amine circulation rate that must be carefully examined to yield the optimum design for each application. In this study, effort has been made to use computational intelligences for accurate estimating the Monoethanolamine (MEA) circulation rate in amine treating unit. In the first method, optimal topology for feed-forward type neural network, particularly multi-layer perceptron (MLP), has been obtained. In the second method, least square version of support vector machine (LSSVM) algorithm has been employed for the application of interest. Results of this communication demonstrate that the presented models are capable of predicting MEA circulation rate precisely. Since there is no need to define the topology of the LSSVM model in advance, application of this type of modeling is more preferable.
The oxidative degradation of sulfadiazine at the interface of α‐MnO2 and water

BACKGROUND: Sulfadiazine (SD), a widely used antibiotic chemical, has been detected in contaminated water and soils. Manganese dioxides are common minerals with a high redox potential and can act as active oxidants for SD degradation in wastewater treatment. RESULTS: α-MnO2 was used to promote SD oxidative degradation. At pH 4.6 and 25 °C, 92.7% of SD (0.02 mmol L−1) was degraded by 1.0 g L−1α-MnO2. SO42− was detected as the inorganic end product from the mineralization of SD. The ecological toxicity index of average well color development (AWCD) in SD solution was 2.01 after the solution was degraded by α-MnO2 for 2 h, while the AWCD was 0.48 for the solution without α-MnO2 treatment. The degradation rate of SD can be improved by increasing the dosages of α-MnO2 and the reaction temperature, but the rate was limited by increased initial SD concentration and reaction pH. CONCLUSION: SD can be effectively degraded and mineralized with α-MnO2. These results are helpful for removing antibiotics by manganese dioxides in the environment, and also for exploring new technology for wastewater treatment. Copyright © 2009 Society of Chemical Industry
Biquadratic Exchange and Quadrupolar Ordering

We have studied in the molecular field approximation the statistical mechanical properties of the Hamiltonian H= ∑ mnJ(m−n)Sm·Sn− ∑ mnj(m−n)(Sm·Sn)2, for spin one ions. Other authors have already shown that the biquadratic term can cause the magnetic transition to become first order.1 Closer examination shows that one must consider, in addition to the usual long‐range order parameter 〈Sz〉=M, the possibility of ``quadrupolar'' ordering in the independent parameter Q=〈Sz2〉−23. If the biquadratic exchange is sufficiently large the quadrupolar ordering will appear at a temperature TQ which is different from that at which dipolar ordering M appears, so that two separate phase transitions are found. The phase diagram is discussed as a function of the ratio of bilinear to biquadratic exchange, and the interplay between quadrupolar and dipolar ordering is considered.
DNA and RNA extractions from eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells by graphene nanoplatelets

Graphene nanoplatelets with lateral dimensions of ∼50–200 nm and thicknesses <2 nm were utilized for the extraction of nucleic acids (NAs) from eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells. The graphene nanoplatelets (both chemically exfoliated graphene oxide nanoplatelets and hydrazine-reduced graphene oxide nanoplatelets) successfully extracted plasmid DNA (pDNA) from Escherichia coli bacteria, comparable to a conventional phenol–chloroform (PC) method. Furthermore, it was found that the yield of graphene nanoplatelets in genomic DNA (gDNA) and RNA extractions from embryonic stem cells (ESCs) was also comparable to the yield of the conventional methods. The effects of the graphene nanoplatelets on restriction enzyme digestion of the pDNA and gene amplification of all the extracted NAs (including pDNA, gDNA and RNA) were also investigated in order to confirm the quality of the extractions. These results not only demonstrated an easy gene extraction capability of graphene nanoplatelets with a high gene amplification, but also provide an easy, fast, inexpensive and biocompatible DNA/RNA extraction method.
Internalization pathways of nanoparticles and their interaction with a vesicle

In this work we perform large scale dissipative particle dynamics (DPD) simulations to study the interaction between nanoparticles (NPs) and vesicles, and discuss their potential implications for NP–cell interactions. First, we determine the different pathways of NP internalization and their dependence on NP size, NP concentration, vesicle excess area, and NP–vesicle attraction. In particular, we identify three pathways for spontaneous NP penetration, which are here called the cooperative chain-like penetration, direct penetration and inverted micelle-like penetration, and investigate how different factors affect the penetration processes. Then, we demonstrate that adsorption of NPs often induces NP clustering on the outer and/or inner surfaces of vesicles, leading to different vesicle responses, including the change of vesicle morphology, formation of protuberance, and vesicle rupture.
Surface plasmon investigations of light-induced modulation in the optical thickness of molecularly thin photochromic layers

We report evidence of photoisomerization-induced changes in the optical thickness of molecularly thin (9 A) photochromic layers which consist of azosilane molecules immobilized on silicon oxide substrates. Further, this light-induced change in the optical thickness of these films can be reversed upon irradiation with light of an appropriate wavelength. This has been demonstrated by means of surface plasmon spectroscopy that allows the observation of very small changes in the optical thickness of ultrathin layers. The study of the thermal back isomerization reaction of the azobenzene molecules in these films reveals steric hindrance at the molecular level, as shown by using UV−vis spectroscopy.
Molecularly Imprinted Solid‐Phase Extraction of Epicatechin from Tea Beverage

Abstract A new molecularly imprinted polymer (MIP) was prepared by using epicatechin as the template molecule. The synthesized MIP was characterized by infrared spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy, and the MIP with 15–38 µm particle size was selected as a solid‐phase extraction (SPE) sorbent in this work. The maximum MIP binding capacity was 38 µg epicatechin per 100 mg polymer by cartridge test, with a recovery rate of 95.04%. It showed good selectivity and affinity for epicatechin compared with the structurally‐related compounds of quercetin and rutin. The tea samples were also directly applied onto the SPE cartridge and the collected fractions were analyzed by high‐performance liquid chromatography. The MIP cartridge enabled the selective extraction and preconcentration of epicatechin from tea samples.
Sulfonated Poly(Arylene Ether Sulfone) Copolymers - Acid and Salt Form: Potential Biofunctional Polymers

The synthesis, characterization and preliminary evaluation of the potential for biofunctionality of strong, ductile sulfonated poly(arylene ether sulfone) copolymers of controlled hydrophilicity are described herein. A series of film forming random (statistical) copolymers were made from 4,4'-biphenol and a stoichiometric mixture of 3,3'-disulfonated and non-sulfonated 4,4'-dichlorodiphenyl sulfone; the degree of disulfonation varied from 10-60%. The copolymers were characterized by intrinsic viscosity, DSC, TGA and molecular weight (GPC). Preliminary evaluation of the potential of these copolymers in the acid or basic salt form for biocompatibility and biomedical applications was conducted via water uptake and contact angle measurements. The copolymers were cast into films from 10wt. percentage solutions in DMAc. Films were converted from the salt form to the acid form through treatment with concentrated H2SO4, and from acid form to sodium salt form by treatment with base. The surface of the films were characterized by XPS that confirmed full conversion to the intended form. The water uptake measurements showed that the acid form absorbed a maximum of ~ 800wt. percentage, and the salt forms absorbed a maximum of ~70 to 100wt. percentage. The contact angle between a water droplet and the surface of the copolymer films in the potassium salt form was measured using the Sessile Drop method, and it decreased as a function of the degree of sulfonation, in the range of 80-40o. The possibility of applications in pH-sensitive drug delivery systems is suggested.