Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Non-equilibrium development in turbulent boundary layers with changing pressure gradients

Turbulence measurements were made in smooth-wall boundary layers subject to changing pressure gradients. Cases were documented over a range of Reynolds numbers and acceleration parameters. In all cases the boundary layer was subject to an initial zero pressure gradient (ZPG) development, followed by a favourable pressure gradient (FPG), a ZPG recovery and an adverse pressure gradient (APG). In the non-ZPG regions, the acceleration parameter, $K$, was held constant. Two component velocity profiles were acquired at multiple streamwise locations to document the response to the changing pressure gradient of the mean velocity, Reynolds stresses and triple products of the fluctuating velocity components. Velocity field measurements were made to document the turbulence structure using two point correlations. In general, turbulence was suppressed by the FPG while structures became larger in streamwise and spanwise extent relative to the boundary layer thickness, particularly near the wall. In the recovery region, the return to canonical ZPG conditions was rapid. Changes in the structure in the APG region were less pronounced. The changes in the turbulence statistics and correlations relative to the ZPG baseline were quantified and presented as functions of streamwise location. When the streamwise location is scaled using the acceleration parameter, the results from all cases (including all statistical moments, and the size and inclination angles of turbulence structures), collapse in each region of the flow, showing a common non-equilibrium response to changes in the pressure gradient. These are new results which apply to the present flows and those with similar types of pressure gradients, but are not necessarily applicable to all flows with arbitrary pressure gradients.
Applications of genetic algorithms to optimization problems in the solvent extraction process for spent nuclear fuel

Applications of genetic algorithms (GAs) to optimization problems in the solvent extraction process for spent nuclear fuel are described. Genetic algorithms have been considered a promising tool for use in solving optimization problems in complicated and nonlinear systems because they require no derivatives of the objective function. In addition, they have the ability to treat a set of many possible solutions and consider multiple objectives simultaneously, so they can calculate many pareto optimal points on the trade-off curve between the competing objectives in a single iteration, which leads to small computing time. Genetic algorithms were applied to two optimization problems. First, process variables in the partitioning process were optimized using a weighted objective function. It was observed that the average fitness of a generation increased steadily as the generation proceeded and satisfactory solutions were obtained in all cases, which means that GAs are an appropriate method to obtain such an optimization. Secondly, GAs were applied to a multiobjective optimization problem in the co-decontamination process, and the trade-off curve between the loss of uranium and the solvent flow rate was successfully obtained. For both optimization problems, CPU time with the present method was estimated to be several tens of times smallermore » than with the random search method. « less
Age composition and growth parameters of areolate grouper, Epinephelus areolatus and six-bar grouper, E. sexfasciatus (Teleostei: Serranidae) in the Terengganu waters, Malaysia

The age and growth of areolate grouper, Epinephelus areolatus and six-bar grouper, E. sexfasciatus in the Terengganu waters, Malaysia, were estimated by analysis of sectioned sagittal otoliths. A total of 795 grouper samples were collected monthly for 12 months from February 2014 to January 2015 in two main fishing landing ports of the Terengganu. The recorded results showed that the ages ranged were from 1–9 and 2–9 years, for E. areolatus and E. sexfasciatus , respectively, for. The length-at-age data fitted to the von Bertalanffy growth model revealed that the growth function was TL t = 86.66 [1-e -0.06(t+2.32) ] for E. areolatus and TL t = 33.86 [1-e -0.44(t+0.35) ] for E. sexfasciatus . The high proportion of immature fish in the catch and the lack of adults near maximum size indicate that the population of E. areolatus in particular is in danger of being overfished and management measures should be urgently implemented to reduce the catch of immature fish and to preserve an adequate breeding stock of larger adults of these and other groupers of commercial importance.
Adiponectin Level Association with MDA in the Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

MDA level were established to be augmented in poor controlled T2DM and is positively correlated with progression of diabetes while adiponectin is negatively correlated with diabetes progression furthermore adiponectin high level is associated with low risk of cardio-metabolic complication and low risk of macro vascular complication in patient with T2DM. To find out the correlation between Adiponectin and MDA level in patient with T2DM (type 2 Diabetes Mellitus). 120 sample size, age above 30yrs, was taken in present study from sub urban population grouped as T2DM, Prediabetic and healthy non diabetic as control group Mean ±SD (n=120) MDA =3.94±1.02 in Diabetic group, MDA=1.93±0.31 in prediabetic group and control group MDA = 2.80±1.51, While adiponectin level Mean ±SD (n=120) in diabetic group =3.94±1.02, adiponectin in prediabetic group=9.72±0.31 and the control group adiponectin level =10.81±2.24 Our study suggest that MDA level are augmented with progression of Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) especially poor controlled T2DM ,MDA blood level are high in T2DM and prediabetic group as compared to control group while low level of adiponectin was found in prediabetic patient group and T2DM group indicating risk of diabetic complication as compared to controlled group which have high level of adiponectin . Also the study confirmed Adiponectin is a reliable biochemical indicator and its correlation in diabetic patient, it reduces the risk of diabetes and diabetic complication and metabolic syndrome and insulin resistance.
An inventory model for coordinating ordering, pricing and advertisement policy for an advance sales system

In this paper we study a coordinated stock replenishment, pricing, and advertisement problem for an inventory with advance booking system. A single period planning horizon is considered, consisting of both advance sales and spot sales periods. The discount is offered to the customers for booking the product in advance when the replenishment arrives. The product demand is price and advertising expenditure sensitive. This paper aims to find the optimal ordering quantity, selling price, and advertising expenditure of the product, which maximizes the total profit. The solution algorithm is suggested for computing the optimal solution, which is illustrated numerically.
Effects of calcium application on the yields of flavonoids and saponins in Panax notoginseng under cadmium stress

ABSTRACT Under different concentrations of cadmium treatments (Cd2+ concentration: 0, 0.6, 6.0, 12.0 mg/kg, prepared with CdCl2•2.5H2O), pot experiments were conducted to study the application of two calcium-containing substances (Ca2+ concentration: 0, 180, 360 mg/kg, prepared with calcium chloride CaCl2 and lime Ca(OH)2) on the yields of flavonoids and saponins of P. notoginseng. The results showed that the application of calcium chloride and lime could increase the biomass of the main root of P. notoginseng and significantly reduce the cadmium contents. Under 0 and 0.6 mg/kg cadmium treatment, the cadmium content in the main root of P. notoginseng did not exceed the standard value (Cd≤0.5 mg/kg1, GB/T 19086–2008). Under 0.6 mg/kg cadmium treatment, the application of calcium chloride increased the yield of flavonoids in the main root of P. notoginseng. The yield of flavonoids in the main root of P. notoginseng decreased under the treatment of 360 mg/kg Ca2+ lime and 0.6 mg/kg Cd2+. Under the treatments of 6.0 mg/kg and 12.0 mg/kg cadmium stress, calcium chloride and lime reduced the yield of flavonoids in P. notoginseng by 14.2%-35.2%. There was a significant positive logarithmic function correlation between flavonoid yield and ratio of Ca/Cd treatment concentration (P < 0.05). Under the treatment of 0.6 mg/kg Cd2+ with 180 mg/kg Ca2+ (calcium chloride), yields of Rg1, Rb1 and total saponins of P. notoginseng reached the highest and were increased by 114.9%, 323.0% and 172.4%, respectively, compared with no calcium chloride treatment. Under different Cd treatment levels and lime application, the yields of Rg1, Rb1 and total saponins of P. notoginseng decreased and the yield of R1 remained relatively stable. Under a certain concentration of cadmium treatment, appropriate calcium chloride and lime application could increase or maintain the biomass, saponin and flavonoid yields of the main root of P. notoginseng. Yields of R1, Rg1, Rb1 and SPN were influenced due to interaction of Cd2+ and Ca2+. In order to ensure the cadmium content of P. notoginseng less than the standard value and optimal yields of flavonoids and saponins, it could be recommended to apply calcium chloride or lime 1125 kg/hm (180 mg/kg Ca2+) under 0.6 mg/kg Cd2+ treatment.
A Quantitative Analysis for the Tanzania Industries Performance and Productivity

Literature evidence manifests that the Tanzania manufacturing sector’s contribution to the economic development is inadequate and the targeted performance and productivity of the sector were never realized. With that regard the fundamental question for Tanzania Industries performance and productivity becomes the centred debate and significant for the investigation. This study focuses on investigating the performance of the industries and the labour force productivity during the period from 1996 to 2015 in Tanzania. The study considers employing the Ordinary Least Square (OLS) method to analyze the average annual growth rates of the total Gross Domestic Product (GDP), employment and export during the period from 1996 to 2015. Time series macroeconomic data during the period from 1996 to 2015 for Tanzania were collected from the World Bank. To assess the performance of the Tanzania industries particularly the annual average marginal performance, the Gross Domestic Product (GDP) and the export’s yearly average growth rate for the periodic 1996-2000, 2001-2005, 2006-2010, and 2011-2015 were evaluated. While investigating the labour force productivity the extra productivity of the employment labour force was evaluated during the period from 1996 to 2015 in Tanzania. The results of the investigatigation were in actual fact catching up the attention. The findings of the study reveals that the performance of the Tanzania industries is positive and meaningful while the labour force productivity is negative and insignificant during the period from 1996 to 2015 in Tanzania.
Evaluation of antioxidant potential and anti-diabetic effect of ethanol seed extract of Garcinia kola (Bitter Kola) in albino rat

The medicinal properties of plants have been investigated in the recent scientific world because of their potent antioxidant activities, mild side effects and economic viability. This study evaluated the antioxidant property and antidiabetic effect of ethanol seed extract of G. kola (bitter kola) on alloxan induced diabetic albino rats. The in-vitro antioxidant assay was done using standard methods. Thirty (36) albino rats were used for the in-vivo study and fasted for 16-18hours and thereafter induced diabetes with 150mg/ kg b.w. of alloxan monohydrate via intraperitoneal injection. The animals were divided into six groups of six (6) rats each. Group A was the normal control, group B was the positive control (treated with 5mg/kg b.w of glabeclamide), Group C was the negative control (untreated) and groups D through F were administered 500mg/kg, 250mg/kg and 125mg/kg of the extract respectively. The results showed 49.70% reduction in blood glucose level of the 500mg/kg extract treated group compared to the positive control (45.03 %) on the day 7. The antioxidant results showed a significant (p<0.05) dose dependent increase in its ability to scavenge free radicals. The results of this study suggested the use of G. kola seed for the treatment of free radical mediated diseases and management of diabetes.
The Effects of Winter Climate and Intrinsic Factors on Survival of Cyclic Vole Populations in Southeastern Norway

Changes in winter climate is a possible explanation for dampened population cycles in voles. For voles living in the subnivean space for several months of the year, we may expect that winter conditions affect survival. We examined the effect of different winter climate descriptors (snow depth, subnivean temperature, snow crust) and different intrinsic factors (sex, age, physiology, behaviour estimated as the longest distance travelled between traps) on winter survival of bank voles Myodes glareolus in southeastern Norway by live-trapping voles monthly along elevation gradients. We tested whether winter conditions alone (winter hypothesis), intrinsic factors alone (intrinsic hypothesis), or winter conditions in combination with age and sex were more important for winter survival of voles (multiple factor hypothesis). Our results do not support the winter hypothesis as there were no relations between winter survival and snow depth, snow crust and subnivean temperature. We found strongest support for the intrinsic hypothesis, where the distance travelled was positively correlated with survival. We hypothesize that this behavioural descriptor is related to food resources and their importance during winter, where an increased activity range (distance travelled between traps) increase the access to food resources.
Recent Advances in Three-Dimensional Multicellular Spheroid Formation for Biomedical Research

Moscona & Moscona(advances in multicellular spheroids formation-5)에 의해 처음 소개된 3차원 장기유사체는 세포간 그리고 세포와 기질간의 상호작용을 동반한 세포의 집합체로 생체의 구조와 기능을 모사하여 생체 내(in-vivo) 실험과 유사한 환경을 구현함으로써 이미 다양한 기초 생물 학과 임상 적용을 목표로 하는 다양한 연구에 활용되고 있 다. 과거, 오가노이드란 단어는 1차 조직(primary tissue) 또는 그보다 하위 1차 세포(primary cell), 배아 줄기세포(embryonic stem cell) 및 유도만능줄기세포(induced pluripotent stem cell), 세포주(cell line), 그리고 여러 조직 유형들로 구성 된 장기 외식편(explant)과 같은 전체 또는 분절된 기관에서 비롯된 모든 3차원 기관형 배양체(organotypic culture)를 포함하여 일컫는 용어였다. 그러나, 최근 많은 문헌들에서는 장기모사체를 줄기세포로부터 분화하여 체외(in-vitro)에서 다세포 인체유사조직으로 분화시켜 생산하는 오가노이드 (Organoid)와 이미 분화된 인체장기의 세포를 분리하여 체 외(in-vitro)에서 3차원 배양에 의해 구모양으로 만들어지는 스페로이드(spheroid)로 크게 구분하여 부르기도 한다. 오가노이드 또는 스페로이드와 같은 3차원 배양기법이 2차 원 단층배양에 비해 생리학적으로 실제 생체 내 환경과 매우 유사하고, 생존능력(viability)과 기능성이 향상되며 생체 내 모델보다 주변미세환경 구성요소(niche component), 신호 전 달 경로 및 유전체 조작을 통한 기능향상이 훨씬 더 간편하기 때문에 전통적인 2차원 단층배양과 생체 내 동물/인간 모델 사이의 중요한 역할을 할 수 있다. 본 문헌에서는 최근 다양한 기초연구 분야 뿐만 아니라 임 상적인 적용까지 시도되고 있는 최신 3차원 세포배양기법들 Recent Advances in Three-Dimensional Multicellular Spheroid Formation for Biomedical Research
Forecasting the Consumer Price Index (CPI) of Ecuador: A Comparative Study of Predictive Models

The Consumer Price Index (CPI) is one of the most important economic indicators for countries’ characterization and is typically considered an official measure of inflation. The CPI considers the monthly price variation of a determined set of goods and services in a specific region, and it is key in the economic and social planning of a given country, hence the great importance of CPI forecasting. In this paper, we outline a comparative study of state-of-the-art predictive models over an Ecuadorian CPI dataset with 174 monthly registers, from 2005 to 2019. This small available dataset makes forecasting a challenging time-series-prediction task. Another difficulty is last year´s trend variation, which since mid-2016, has changed from an upward average of 3.5 points to a stable trend of ±0.8 points. This paper explores the performance of relevant predictive models when tackling the Ecuadorian CPI forecasting problem accurately for the next 12 months. For this, a comparative study considering a variety of predictive models is carried out, including the Neural networks approach using a Sequential Model with Long Short-Term Memory layers machine learning using Support Vector Regression, as well as classical approaches like SARIMA and Exponential Smoothing. We also consider big corporations´ tools like Facebook Prophet. As a result, the paper presents the best predictive models, and parameters found, along with Ecuador´s CPI forecasting for the next 12 months (part of 2020). This information could be used for decision-making in several important topics related to social and economic activities.
Computational Analysis Revealed Five Novel Mutations in Human IL2RG gene Related to X-SCID

Background X linked severe combined immunodeficiency (X-SCID) is a life-threatening disorder. It is due to mutation of the interleukin two receptor gamma-chain (IL2RG) gene. Nonsynonymous SNPs (nsSNPs) are the most common polymorphism, known to be deleterious or disease-causing variations because they alter protein sequence, structure, and function. Objective: is to reveal the effect of harmful SNPs in the function and structure of IL2RG protein. Method Data on IL2RG was investigated from dbSNP/NCBI database. Prediction of damaging effect was done using sift, polyphen, provean and SNAP2.more software were used for more analysis: phd-snp, and and go, Pmut, Imutant.modeling was done using chimera and project hope. Gene interaction was done by gene mania.3UTR prediction was done using polymiRTS software. Result The in-silico prediction identified 1479 SNPs within IL2RG gene out of which 253 were coding SNPs, 50 took place in the miRNA 3 UTR, 21 occurred in 5 UTR region and 921 occurred in intronic regions. a total of 12 missense nsSNPs were found to be damaging by both a sequence homology-based tool (SIFT) and a structural homology-based method (PolyPhen), Five of them were novel; rs1322436793(G305R), rs1064794027(C182Y), rs111033620(G114D), rs193922347 (Y105C) and rs1293196743(Y91C), Two SNPs(Rs144075871 and rs191726889) out of 50 in the 3UTR region were predicted to disrupt miRNAs binding sites and affect the gene expression. Conclusions Computational analysis of SNPs has become a very valuable tool in order to discriminate neutral SNPs from damaging SNPs. This study revealed 5 novel nsSNPs in the IL2RG gene by using different software and 21 SNPs in 3UTR. These SNPs could be considered as important candidates in causing diseases related to IL2RG mutation and could be used as diagnostic markers.
ScholarWorks @ UTRGV ScholarWorks @ UTRGV Effect of surrounding vegetation on microbial survival or die-off Effect of surrounding vegetation on microbial survival or die-off on watermelon surface in an agriculture setting on watermelon surface in an agriculture setting

Preharvest contamination of produce with food borne pathogens has been a major food safety issue. In this study, we investigated the effect of surrounding vegetation on the survival of natural and inoculated generic Escherichia coli on watermelon rinds in an agricultural field setting. There was no significant difference ( p > .05) on the populations of natural generic E. coli (1 – 1.46 log Most Probable Number (MPN)/sample) and coliforms (<3.99 log CFU/cm 2 ) on watermelons harvested from low, medium, and high levels of vegetation. However, the survival rate of generic E. coli inoculated on watermelon rind discs was variable with the level of vegetation. A significant reduction in generic E. coli count was observed within 12 hr at all vegetation levels. After 108 hr, discs placed at low vegetation level had a highest die-off reduction (3 log Colony Forming Units (CFU)/cm 2 ) compared to medium and high vegetation levels. in the agricultural field. The findings of this study emphasize the importance of considering the surrounding vegetation while making decisions for developing preharvest risk management strategies based on microbial die-off rate calculations. dislodge the microorganisms from the melon surface. In our preliminary study, we observed a low number of generic E. coli on watermelon surface. Thus, to reduce the dilution level, we used only 200 ml 0.1% peptone water but initiated a longer massaging time. The eluent was then used for the microbial analysis.
Relations Attitude Towards Mathematics Lesson, Anxiety and Academic Success

In this particular study attitude towards mathematics lessons and relation between anxiety and academic success had been explored. Though as a result of the comparative analysis of the study gender, teacher, class and the most popular and favorite lesson were determined to cause significant differences of opinion with regard to attitude towards mathematics lesson in some cases, based on structural equation modeling substantive and significant impact had been observed only for the most popular and favorite lesson. Besides, anxiety towards mathematics lesson was determined to have a mediation impact on the relation between attitude towards mathematics lesson and anxiety. Based on evaluation of the findings obtained as a result of the study and these findings’ relation with the studies available in the relevant literature, certain significant conclusions are obtained. First of all, the most popular and favorite lesson as one of the independent variables of the study may be seen as an indicator of the attitude towards mathematics lesson. The most popular and favorite lesson variable differentiated academic success in a significant manner. In the meantime, a significant relation was determined between attitude as a scaling factor and success in mathematics lesson. Again in line with positive attitude, anxiety had been determined to be effective is projection and prediction of success with its intermediary impact. We absolutely recommend educators to take attitude into consideration in terms of success in mathematics lesson as a consequence of our study. In addition to this, we may assert a claim that they will achieve success in mathematics lesson provided that they include activities to enrich learning process in a positive manner and they take anxiety into consideration throughout the process.
Current Epidemiological Assessment of Plasmodium falciparum and Helminth Co-Infections in Children after a Decade of Implementation of Control Programs in Morogoro Region, Tanzania

A school based cross-sectional study was conducted from July to November 2018 to assess the burden of asymptomatic Plasmodium falciparum , Schistosoma and soil transmitted helminth (STH) infections in Mvomero. A total of 374 children (age range = 5–16 years, mean age = 11.3 years) were recruited from five primary schools. Prevalence of asymptomatic P. falciparum infections were 29.9%, S. haematobium 49.7%, hookworm 20.3%, Ascaris lumbricoides 12.6%, Taenia saginata 0.5% and S. mansoni 0.3%. Malaria parasite density increased with increasing children age (r = 0.99). Only 6.5% (12/186) of S. haematobium infected children were presented with heavy infections, whereas all STH-positive children harboured light infections. The overall P. falciparum-helminths co-infection rate was 11%. Schistosoma haematobium and hookworm infections positively influenced P. falciparum parasitaemia (R 2 = 0.55 and 0.73, respectively). Being between 11 and 13 years of age, father being a farmer, poor housing, not sleeping under insecticide treated net, working in rice and sugarcane fields were the major factors associated with asymptomatic P. falciparum -helminth co-infections (all p < 0.05). Prevalence of both asymptomatic P. falciparum infections and P. falciparum -helminths-co-infections has decreased by over 40%. However prevalence of S. haematobium and hookworm infections is alarmingly high, calling for community based-integrative control measures incorporating strategies to combat both P. falciparum and helminths infection reservoirs in Mvomero.