Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Evidence of Strategic Processing During Word Recognition

All 95 undergraduates in this study decided if letter strings formed real words or not. Word meaning (ambiguous, unambiguous words) was manipulated within subjects while stimulus proportion (proportion of ambiguous and unambiguous words) was manipulated between subjects. These factors interacted, suggesting that strategic factors influence word recognition. These results support the view that word recognition is strategic and, thus, an attention demanding process. For many years, the prevailing assumption within the word recognition literature was that word recognition was automatic and did not demand any attentional resources for successful completion (Stroop, 1935; but see Besner & Stolz, 1999). More recent studies, however, have indicated that although word recognition is a quick and accurate process for many people, it still demands attentional resources (e.g., Herdman, 1992; Kellas, Ferraro, & Simpson, 1988; Simpson, Kellas, & Ferraro, 1999). The present study attempted to provide converging evidence in support of the position that word recognition is a strategic and, thus, an attention-demanding process. We chose the lexical decision task (LOT), in which subjects must decide whether or not a string of letters form a real English word (CAT) or an orthographically legal pseudoword (BLANT). This is the premiere task for investigating how people process words. We also chose multiple meaning words. By definition, ambiguous words are words that possess more than one specific meaning. The word BANK is a good example of an ambiguous word. There are multiple meanings of the word BANK, and these include the MONEY aspect of BANK as well as the RIVER aspect of BANK. Conversely, unambiguous words (like CAUSE) have only one distinct meaning. We also chose ambiguous and unambiguous words as stimulus materials primarily because the effect associated with them (ambiguity effect) is quite robust. The ambiguity effect is operationally defined as the difference between ambiguous and unambiguous words, and this difference typically favors ambiguous
Is It Possible to Reduce Even More Need for Axillary Dissection

It has always been disappointing to receive a histology report after an axillary dissection (ALND) saying that the only positive lymph node was the sentinel lymph node (SLN). It is for this reason that there have been many efforts to create the best predictive model in order to avoid non sentinel node dissection and in fact there are in use many of them with a reasonable success rate. The publication of the multicenter study by Giuliano et al. showed a disease free survival and overall survival rate equal between patients with positive SLN with or without axillary dissection in a large group of patients. Breast surgeons around the world have long before been interested in reducing even more the need for axillary lymph node dissection, so they easily grasped the chance of those results and applied them in their practice. Objections have been expressed regarding the integrity of the study methods and the results which make the need for a second study to confirm those results absolutely necessary.
1588-aware High-Availability Cyber-Physical Production Systems

In this paper an architecture for High-Availability Cyber-Physical Production Systems with sub-microsecond synchronization capabilities is presented. The proposed CPPS nodes are based on cost-affordable components. These CPPS can deal with most of the challenges set by Industry for a massive adoption of the distributed computing philosophy in critical systems like Smart-Grids or Advanced Manufacturing Plants. In order to measure the resilience and accuracy of the 1588-aware high-availability network composed by these nodes, a concept-proof experimental setup has been developed. As it has been verified, although in a case of network failure, the synchronization recovers automatically and the offset between the master's and slaves' PPS signals is maintained below 1 μs.
Decreasing Serum Uric Acid Levels Might be Associated with Improving Estimated Glomerular Filtration Rate (eGFR) in Japanese Men

The link between changes in a subject’s serum uric acid levels and his estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) was evaluated in Japanese men. We used data for 108 Japanese men (45.3 ± 8.0 years) with a 1-year follow up. eGFR was defined by a new equation developed for Japan. eGFR was weakly correlated with serum uric acid levels (r = –0.287, p = 0.0026) at baseline. Subjects were given advice for dietary and life-style improvement. At the 1-year follow up, almost metabolic syndrome components were significantly improved. However, blood sugar and uric acid did not change and eGFR was significantly decreased. The changes in eGFR were weakly correlated with abdominal circum-ference (r = –0.249, p = 0.0094) and uric acid (r = –0.340, p = 0.0003). A decrease in serum uric acid levels may be associated with improving eGFR in Japanese men.
Numerical investigation of supersonic nozzle flow separation

Separation of supersonic flow in a planar convergent–divergent nozzle with moderate expansion ratio is investigated by solving the Reynolds-averaged Navier–Stokes equations with a two-equation k-! turbulence model. The focus of the study is on the structure of the fluid and wave phenomena associated with the flow separation. Computations are conducted for an exit-to-throat area ratio of 1.5 and for a range of nozzle pressure ratios. The results are compared with available experimental data in a nozzle of the same geometry. The flow separates by the action of a lambda shock, followed by a succession of expansion and compression waves. For 1:5 < NPR < 2:4, the computation reveals the possibility of asymmetric flow structure. The computationally obtained asymmetric flow structuresareconsistentwithpreviousexperimental flowvisualizationsstudies.Inaddition,other flowfeaturessuch asshocklocationandwallpressuredistributionsarealsoingoodagreementwiththeexperimentaldata.Thepresent study provides new information that confirms earlier conjectures on the flow–wave structure relevant to the instability of the separated flow in convergent–divergent nozzles of moderate expansion ratio.
Emergence of a global science–business initiative for ocean stewardship

Significance The ocean is under considerable pressure originating from diverse human activities on land and in the water. While substantial literature has focused on how science interacts with policy, relatively little is known about interactions between science and business. Here, we describe: (i) the process of identifying “keystone actors” in marine ecosystems, namely globally operating corporations engaged in fisheries and aquaculture, with a unique ability to influence change and take on a leadership role in ocean stewardship; (ii) how we actively engaged with these actors, to collaboratively develop solutions to the ocean sustainability challenge; and (iii) how this coproduction process led to the establishment of a unique global ocean initiative, where science and business collaborate toward the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals. The ocean represents a fundamental source of micronutrients and protein for a growing world population. Seafood is a highly traded and sought after commodity on international markets, and is critically dependent on healthy marine ecosystems. A global trend of wild stocks being overfished and in decline, as well as multiple sustainability challenges associated with a rapid growth of aquaculture, represent key concerns in relation to the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals. Existing efforts aimed to improve the sustainability of seafood production have generated important progress, primarily at the local and national levels, but have yet to effectively address the global challenges associated with the ocean. This study highlights the importance of transnational corporations in enabling transformative change, and thereby contributes to advancing the limited understanding of large-scale private actors within the sustainability science literature. We describe how we engaged with large seafood producers to coproduce a global science–business initiative for ocean stewardship. We suggest that this initiative is improving the prospects for transformative change by providing novel links between science and business, between wild-capture fisheries and aquaculture, and across geographical space. We argue that scientists can play an important role in facilitating change by connecting knowledge to action among global actors, while recognizing risks associated with such engagement. The methods developed through this case study contribute to identifying key competences in sustainability science and hold promises for other sectors as well.
Inverse kinematics solution of a new hybrid robot manipulator proposed for medical purposes

In this paper, a new hybrid robot manipulator is proposed for medical purposes. This hybrid robot manipulator has been formed by combination of a serial and a parallel robot manipulator. The inboard joints of new hybrid robot consist of 3-DOF SCARA type robot manipulator that performs positioning of the end effector. The outboard joints of the new hybrid robot consist of Stewart platform parallel manipulator which is used for orientation of the end effector only. Afterwards, the inverse kinematics of this new hybrid robot manipulator is obtained by using DH method. A numerical example is also given in order to demonstrate the working of the model.
4 x 4 digital optical matrix switch using polymeric oversized rib waveguides

For the first time the concept of oversized rib waveguides has been employed in a complex integrated optical device. Using commercially available polymers, a strictly nonblocking 4/spl times/4 digital optical matrix switch with full functionality has been realized. The matrix consists of 24 1/spl times/2 switching elements and showed a polarization independent average crosstalk of -28.8 dB.
Complete Targets Coverage in Wireless Sensor Networks With Energy Transfer

This letter considers energy harvesting sensor nodes monitoring multiple fixed targets. The goal is to monitor these targets for the longest time period. A key challenge, however, is that sensor nodes have varying energy harvesting rates, meaning that the coverage lifetime of targets is limited by sensor nodes with low energy. To this end, we consider energy sharing between sensor nodes. We model the problem as a mixed integer linear program (MILP). Advantageously, our MILP models non-linear energy conversion rates. We also outline a heuristic for large-scale networks. Our results show energy sharing and non-linear energy conversion rates prolong coverage lifetime. Finally, our heuristic achieves 90% of the optimal coverage lifetime.
MUTATION TESTING: A REVIEW

Mutation testing is a fault based testing technique in which mutants are generated in the program and apply different test cases on the mutants. Some mutants are killed and some mutants are alive. On the base of killed and alive mutants, mutant score is calculated. Mutants are categorizing into weak, strong and firm mutants on the cost reduction methods. This paper is used to review the mutation testing and categorize the mutants and focus on cost reduction techniques
Glitches as a generative design process

Glitches — unexpected coding errors — are often discarded as they are considered as design failures. This is surprising as they relentlessly flourish on the web, due the interest their aesthetic triggers. In this paper, we report a preliminary work that aims at understanding glitches in the context of information visualization. We first conducted an empirical study by collecting glitches examples on social media that we grouped by visual and semantic similarities. Glitches descriptions by their creators allowed us to grasp the interest behind sharing such a failure. However, understanding the (unattended) cause of glitches remains usually difficult as it also remains unknown for their creators; nonetheless we reverse engineered some of them in a synthetic manner. We discuss glitches expressive possibilities, which can be considered as a generative design method for visualization, and suggest including them in design studies as a way to better document design processes.
Intelligent Detection and Response Strategies for Complex Attacks

The current intrusion detection systems (IDS) which attempt to identify suspicious network traffic have major limitations, including generation of significant levels of false alerts. We present intelligent strategies for reduction of false positives and infrastructure protection, which increases the detection capability of the IDSs. This involves a unique approach using adaptive responses from multiple firewall and virtual private network architectures and rule sets in a novel "network quarantine channels".
Bacteriological Spectrum of Post Operative Wound Infections and their Antibiogram in a Tertiary Hospital, Dar es salaam, Tanzania

Surgical site infection (SSI) is among the most common problem for patients who undergo operative procedures. It remains a common and widespread problem contributing to morbidity and mortality; partly attributed to increase in infections due to antimicrobial resistant bacterial pathogens. In Tanzania there has been limited data regarding the magnitude of SSIs due to antimicrobial resistant pathogens as well as the resistant pattern to antibiotics commonly used in the treatment of these infections. To determine the spectrum of bacteria isolates from postoperative wound infections and their antimicrobial susceptibility patterns at Muhimbili National Hospital (MNH) and Muhimbili Orthopedic Institute (MOI). This was a descriptive cross sectional study which was conducted among patients with post operative wound infections in the general surgery and obstetrics/gynecology wards at MNH and Orthopedics and Trauma unit at MOI. The study participants were consecutively recruited in general surgery, obstetrics/gynecology wards at MNH and orthopedics and trauma wards at MOI from September 2011 to February, 2012. Structured questionnaires were used to collect social demographic characteristics, clinical history and operative information from patients and their case notes. Culturing for colony characteristics followed by Gram stain was used for provisional identity of pathogenic bacteria. Further identification was done by a set of biochemical tests, API 20E, and VITEK. Antimicrobial susceptibility pattern of isolated bacterial pathogens was determined by Kirby Bauer disc diffusion method. Pseudomonas aeruginosa was the most frequently isolated pathogenic organism from post operative wound infections. Most of the Gram negative bacteria isolated were multiply resistant to antimicrobial agents tested; but all were sensitive to carbapenems. Eighty eight percent (88%) of enteric gram negative rods were multi-drug resistance. ESBLs production viii was detected in 92.3% of Escherichia coli and 69% of Klebsiella pneumoniae. Forty four percent (44%) of the 18 S. aureus isolates obtained were MRSA. Pseudomonas aeruginosa was the most common isolate from SSI. Most of gram negative isolates were multiply resistant to commonly prescribed antimicrobial agents. Also there was an increase in ESBLs producing Enterobacteriaceae as well as MRSA strains. Routine culture should be performed whenever SSI is suspected and choice of antibiotics for treatment of SSIs should be guided by routine antimicrobial sensitivity (including MRSA and ESBL screening) testing. Ciprofloxacin should replace first line antibiotics for empirical treatment of SSIs; and strict guidelines for antibiotics prescriptions in treatment of SSIs should be established.
Letter to the editor: "Doxorubicin and ErbB2 overexpression: another piece in the mitochondrial jigsaw".

to the editor We read with great interest the recent article, published in American Journal of Physiology-Heart and Circulatory Physiology , by Belmonte et al. ([2][1]), the results of which were discussed by Rocic ([12][2]) in an editorial focus. The authors highlight for the first time the key-
New Antimicrobial and Biocompatible Implant Coating with Synergic Silver–Vancomycin Conjugate Action

Materials foreign to the body are used ever more frequently, as increasing numbers of patients require implants. As a consequence, the numbers of implant‐related infections have grown as well, and with increasing resistance. Treatments often fail; thus, new antibacterial coating strategies are being developed by scientists to avoid, or at least strongly reduce, bacterial adhesion to implant surfaces. In this study, we focused on producing a self‐protective coating combining silver(I) ions and a vancomycin‐derived molecule, intelligent pyridinate vancomycin (IPV), with a synergetic and effective action against bacteria. These AgI–IPV conjugate‐coated surfaces are well characterized and exhibit strong bactericidal activity in vitro against Staphylococci strains. Furthermore, the released quantities of both drugs from the coated surfaces do not affect their biocompatibility and soft tissue integration. These newly developed AgI–IPV conjugate coatings thus represent a possible and efficient protection method against bacterial adhesion and biofilm formation during and after implant surgery.
Predicting algorithmic approach for programming problems from natural language problem description

In this paper, we study the problem of predicting the algorithmic approach useful for solving a programming problem given its natural language description. As an auxiliary task, we also try to predict the difficulty of a problem given its natural language description. In order to solve this problem, we built our own dataset using 2 popular algorithmic programming websites, namely, Codechef www. codechef.com and Codeforces www.codeforces. com. In this paper we present an attempt at solving this problem. We use hashing, bag of words and word embeddings (word2vec) for feature extraction. We train a Long Short Term Memory (LSTM) network for the tasks. We also propose and evaluate a novel pre-training idea specific to our problem. The code for this project can be found at https://github.com/AshishBora/ nlp-project.
Text clustering based on the improved TFIDF by the iterative algorithm

Text clustering, an important part of the machine learning and pattern recognition, has extensive applications in the field of natural language processing. In this paper, a method is given to improve the classic TFIDF algorithm on its shortcomings. This paper classifies the text through Naive Bayesian classifier. And uses the iterative algorithm to optimize the selection of feature words, and then to optimize the classification ceaselessly. Experimental results show that the algorithm has preferable efficiency in feature-select and can increase classification accuracy.
A shortest path algorithm for mobile satellite communication network

Mobile satellite network is a special time-varying network. Some classical network theories used in the current terrestrial networks, such as the shortest path algorithm, cannot be applied to it availably. In this paper, based on the proposed model of mobile satellite network, the classical shortest path algorithm of fixed topological network, such as the Dijkstra algorithm, is proved to be restrictive when it is applied in mobile satellite network. Here, a novel shortest path algorithm for mobile satellite network is given and optimized. Correlative simulation indicates that this algorithm can be effectively applied to the mobile satellite communication network.
LQR-PID Control Applied to Hexacopter Flight

In this paper the mathematical model representing the dynamic of a Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) is studied in order to analyse its behaviour. In order to stabilize the entire system, linear Quadratic Regulator (LQR) control is used in such a way to set both PD and PID controls in position variables. A set simulation is performed to carry out the results for linear and non linear models. The LQR-PD and LQR-PID allow to move the plant’s poles of UAV in the left half plane since without controller the systems is unstable. Simulations, LQR-PD and LQR-PID controllers are designed by using Matlab/Simulink. The simulations are performed to show how LQR tuned PD and PID controllers lead to zero the error of the position along Z earth direction, stop the rotation of Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) around body axes and stabilize the hexarotor. c ⃝ 2016 European Society of Computational Methods in Sciences and Engineering
Treatment of Neovascular Age Related Macular Degeneration

Until the end of the last century, no intervention could alter the natural history of the disease. Only in the last few decades, the retina specialists began to intervene in order to minimize the visual loss in those patients. Last ten years have been especially exciting as the new treatment modalities emerged and for the first time we could not only halt the progression of the deterioration, but rather improve vision in some patients.
Positive and Unlabeled Learning for Anomaly Detection with Multi-features

Anomaly detection is of great interest to big data applications, and both supervised and unsupervised learning have been applied for anomaly detection. However, it still remains a challenging problem because: (1) for supervised learning, it is difficult to acquire training data for anomaly samples; while (2) for unsupervised learning, the performance may not be satisfactory due to the lack of training data. To address the limitations, we propose a hybrid solution by using both normal (positive) data and unlabeled data (could be positive or negative) for semi-supervised anomaly detection. Particularly, we introduce a new framework based on Positive and Unlabeled (PU) Learning using multi-features to detect anomalies. We extend previous PU learning methods to (1) better address unbalanced class problem which is typical for anomaly detection, and (2) handle multiple features for anomaly detection. An iterative algorithm is proposed to learn the anomaly classifier incrementally from the labeled normal data and also unlabeled data. Our proposed method is verified on three benchmark datasets and one synthetic dataset. Experimental results show that our method outperforms existing methods under different class priors and different proportions of given positive classes.
Carbon concentration and oxygen availability affect lipid and carotenoid production by carob pulp syrup‐grown Rhodosporidium toruloides NCYC 921

The simultaneous effect of oxygen availability and carbon source concentration on yeast lipid and carotenoid production has never been studied before. In this work, a Doehlert distribution design was used to study the simultaneous effect of carbon concentration and oxygen availability on Rhodosporidium toruloides NCYC 921 carotenoid and lipid production. A cheap industrial byproduct was used as carbon source (carob pulp syrup). A total sugar concentration of 106.3 g/L and a medium volume of 0.120 L induced the highest total carotenoid and total fatty acid productivities (4.60 μg/Lh and 0.029 g/Lh, respectively). Flow cytometry was used to assess yeast stress response under different cultivation conditions. The highest proportion of cells with permeabilised membrane (>20%) was induced when the cultivations were carried out at the highest sugar concentration studied (130.0 g/L) or when the culture reached the minimum final medium pH (4.60). The results showed that the total sugar concentration had a positive influence on the yeast biomass and carotenoid content, while the oxygen availability had little influence on the biomass concentration, but had a slight positive influence on the carotenoid content. Regarding the fatty acids, the two factors had a negative impact on the synthesis of these compounds.