Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A systematic review of smoker and non-smoker perceptions of visually unappealing cigarette sticks

INTRODUCTION Cigarette stick appearance can significantly contribute to perceptions of cigarette taste, harm, and appeal, and may be modified to reduce positive perceptions of cigarettes and other tobacco products. A systematic review was conducted to investigate how smokers and non-smokers identify cigarettes as being attractive or unattractive, and the resulting perceptions of cigarette appeal, perceived harm, and impact on quit intentions. METHODS Eligible articles were identified using database searches conducted with a date range of January 1990 to May 2017 in PubMed, CINAHL, PsycINFO, Google Scholar and Web of Science. Articles were included if they evaluated participant (any smoking status) perceptions of visual cigarette stick attributes. We identified studies describing visual attributes of cigarette sticks and the resulting perceptions of participants. Changes or differences in quitting intentions, cigarette appeal, perceptions of taste, and cigarette harm, and the likelihood of smoking uptake were recorded. Data were grouped into two main categories: those of physical cigarette design, and those including health messages on cigarette sticks. RESULTS Of the 950 identified non-duplicated records, 9 matched the eligibility criteria. These studies were all conducted in developed countries, and largely enrolled adolescent and young adult smokers and non-smokers. Slim, lighter coloured and branded cigarettes were favoured over longer, broader, or darker coloured cigarettes, and those without any branding or embellishments. Health warnings including ‘Minutes of life lost’, ‘Smoking kills’, and the names of carcinogenic constituents in cigarettes, reduced cigarette attractiveness and increased participant quit intentions. CONCLUSIONS Cigarette appeal and resulting smoking behaviours can be influenced by several visual attributes of individual cigarettes. Unappealing visual attributes of cigarette sticks, including modifications to the size and colour of cigarettes, and the inclusion of health warnings on cigarette sticks may serve as an effective tobacco control method, potentially leading to a reduction in tobacco use.
Penerokaan Kesan Pengajaran dan Pembelajaran Menggunakan Visual Imej dalam Kalangan Pelajar Cacat Pendengaran (Exploring The Effects of Teaching and Learning Using Visual Images Among Hearing Impaired Children)

Penyelidikan ini adalah untuk mengenal pasti kesan dalam pengajaran dan pembelajaran di kalangan pelajar cacat pendengaran dengan menggunakan visual imej. Penyelidikan ini juga dijalankan untuk menganalisis model pengajaran yang sesuai dengan menggunakan imej dalam meningkatkan proses pembelajaran di kalangan pelajar cacat pendengaran. Kaedah kajian menggunakan kaedah pemerhatian dan temu bual mendalam dengan pelajar cacat pendengaran dan guru-guru. Dapatan kajian menunjukkan bahawa induksi adalah amalan semasa dalam pengajaran dan pembelajaran di kalangan pelajar cacat pendengaran dan kaedah yang sesuai untuk mengajar pelajar cacat pendengaran adalah dengan menggunakan imej dan pergerakan. Dalam erti kata lain dengan menggabungkan kedua-dua medium imej dan pergerakan, kajian ini mencadangkan medium terbaik adalah dengan menggunakan imej berturutan. Kajian ini menyimpulkan dan mencadangkan bahawa model imej berurutan adalah saluran yang disyorkan untuk digunakan dalam proses pengajaran dan pembelajaran untuk pelajar cacat pendengaran.
Vapour-Phase and Solid-Phase Epitaxy of Silicon on Solid-Phase Crystallised Seed Layers for Solar Cells Application

Vapour-phase and solid-phase epitaxy are used for thickening of a solid-phase crystallised silicon seed layer on glass. Cross-sectional transmission microscope images confirm that a transfer of crystallographic information has taken place from the seed layer into the epilayers. X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, and transmission electron microscopy reveal that the density of planar defects (mainly on <path id="x7B" d="M293 -169q-145 0 -145 128q0 35 4 106t3 104q0 17 -2 28t-10 25.5t-28 23t-51 10.5v29q31 2 51 10.5t28 23t10 25.5t2 28q0 31 -4 101t-3 104q0 132 145 132v-28q-51 -7 -67.5 -30t-16.5 -63q0 -32 6.5 -99.5t6.5 -100.5q0 -97 -83 -115v-4q83 -20 83 -117 q0 -34 -6.5 -99.5t-6.5 -96.5q0 -41 16.5 -65.5t67.5 -31.5v-28z" /> 111 <path id="x7D" d="M283 255q-31 -2 -51 -10.5t-28 -23.5t-10 -27t-2 -30q0 -28 4 -97.5t4 -107.5q0 -128 -146 -128v28q50 7 67.5 31t17.5 63q0 33 -7 100t-7 98q0 96 84 117v4q-84 20 -84 115q0 34 7 102.5t7 98.5q0 40 -17.5 63t-67.5 30v28q28 0 50 -4t45.5 -16.5t37 -40t13.5 -68.5 q0 -37 -4 -106.5t-4 -98.5q0 -18 2 -30t10 -27t28 -23.5t51 -10.5v-29z" /> plains) in the vapour-phase epitaxial sample is much higher than in the solid-phase epitaxial sample. These planar defects can act as recombination centres for free-charge carriers. Consequently, PC1D modelled minority carrier diffusion length in the vapour-phase grown epilayer is 50% shorter than that in the solid-phase grown epilayer. As a result, a solar cell grown by solid-phase epitaxy achieves open circuit voltage of 468 mV, short circuit current of 9.17 mA/cm 2, and photovoltaic conversion efficiency at 2.75% which are all higher than those of the solar cell grown by vapour-phase epitaxy on the same seed layer, 400 mV, 7.28 mA/cm 2, 1.69%, respectively. It proves that solid-phase epitaxy is more suitable for the solar cell growth on the solid-phase crystallised silicon seed layer than vapour-phase epitaxy.
Formulation and evaluation of binary and ternary solid dispersions of domperidone by solvent evaporation method

First-pass metabolism affects many oral medications and limits the attainment of their therapeutic level. It can be bypassed by administrating buccal dosage forms that allow systemic drug absorption via buccal mucosa. Drugs formulated as buccal medicaments should have an acceptable solubility in saliva. Numerous technologies had been experimented to increase the aqueous solubility of poorly water-soluble drugs e.g. solid dispersion technique. This technique is efficient for improving the solubility and dissolution rate of hydrophobic drugs and consequently improving their bioavailability. Domperidone is an antiemetic drug that undergoes extensive first-pass metabolism, having poor solubility in saliva and poor bioavailability. This study aimed to improve the aqueous solubility of domperidone at pH simulating saliva by preparing multicomponent solid dispersions using different carriers by solvent evaporation method. In vitro dissolution studies showed enhanced dissolution rates of all prepared systems with release kinetics approaching Higuchi model. Ternary solid dispersion (SD) of 1:9:0.25 drug/polyvinylpyrrolidone K30/pluronic F-127, respectively, achieved the highest dissolution rate. Physicochemical characterization of this SD using differential scanning calorimetry, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, powder X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy indicated the presence of an interaction between domperidone and polyvinylpyrrolidone K30 with evidence of drug amorphization that might be responsible for the enhanced dissolution rate. Key words: Domperidone, polyvinylpyrrolidone K30, pluronic F-127, solvent evaporation method, multicomponent solid dispersions, physiochemical characterization.
PARAMETRELERİ DEĞİŞKEN DC SER VOMOTOR İÇİN PI TİPİ PARAMETRİK ANLAMDA

In order to obtain a desired control system performance, primarily, the parameters of the system to be controlled must be determined. However, due to the structural and non-structural uncertainties, the system model considered could exhibit some variations within the boundaries. In this paper, taking the parameter variations on the model into account, a PI type speed controller for dc servomotors, which are commonly used in the industry, was designed to provide a specified performance under all the working conditions. During the design phase, the results obtained from Ackermann and Kausbauer boundary representation theory were used.
Heat Map Visualizations of Seating Patterns in an Academic Library

Library seating surveys record the use of seats in a library. They estimate library usage and are used to plan library spaces for future use. This paper describes a seating survey in an academic library, which aggregated data from 112 seat counts to generate heat maps to visualize occupancy. Triangulation of the seating survey data with another survey on users’ perceptions of space in the library, revealed an interesting contrast between highly-occupied areas that were perceived as quiet, and less occupied areas perceived as crowded and noisy. Discussion of this finding is framed in terms of Bennett’s (2009) model of a technology-driven paradigm shift in academic libraries from places for solo work to places for group learning.
The diffusion mechanisms of dynamic ridesharing services

Dynamic ridesharing services and platforms need to reach an initial critical mass of users in order to provide desirable levels of matching between drivers and passengers. The objective of this work is to investigate some of the levers that could boost the diffusion of a new ridesharing service, by the means of a system dynamics (SD) model that integrates existing diffusion models with the main outcomes of a project to which the authors contributed. Findings show that a dynamic ridesharing platform should operate mostly in urban areas because higher contact rates turn into increased matching opportunities and therefore support the diffusion process. Moreover, it should focus on the partnering and advertising action, especially toward the population of drivers. Finally, the combination of both high desired matching and short patience expressed by users in waiting for a more effective service provide the most significant potential barrier to the diffusion.
Determination of Antifungal and Antioxidant Activitiy of Salvia tomentosa

In this study, was determined antifungal and antioxidant activity of Salvia tomentosa. The essential oil of Salvia tomentosa was determined of the percentages of mycelium inhibition agains plant pathogenic fungi Rhizoctonia solani and Alternaria solani 40.63% and 60.13% respectively. To determine the antioxidant capacity, Free radical reduction (scavenging), iron reduction power (FRAP), copper reduction power (CUPRAC) and free radical cations reduction (TEAC), total phenolic (TP) and total flavonoids (TF) tests were performed. The results of the tests, scavenging activity DPPH lC50 15.08±1.28 (μg mL -1), FRAP 1.81±0.27 mmol TE g-1 extract, CUPRAC 5.57±0.20 mmol TE g-1 extract and TEAC ise 3.30±0.33 lC50 (μg mL -1) was determined. Total phenolic and total flavonoid was determined to be extracted content 131.34±8.39 mg GAE g-1 of extract and 35.05±2.82 QA g-1 respectively. Keyword; Antifungal, antioxidant, salvia tomentosa, total phenolic, essential oil ÖZET: Bu çalışma, Salvia tomentosa’nın antifungal ve antioksidant aktivitesi belirlenmesi amacıyla yürütülmüştür. Salvia tomentosa’nın uçucu yağı bitki patojeni fungus olan, Rhizoctonia solani ve Alternaria solani ‘nin miselyum gelişim sırasıyla % 40.63 ve % 60.13 engellemiştir. Antioksidan kapasitesini belirlemek için, Serbest Radikal Giderme (DPPH), Demir İndirgeme Gücü (FRAP), Bakır İndirgeme Gücü (CUPRAC) ve Serbest Katyon Radikali Giderme (TEAC) antioksidan aktivite testleri ile Toplam Fenolik (TP) ve Toplam Flavonoid (TF) miktarı analizleri yapılmıştır. Yapılan antioksidan testleri sonucunda, DPPH lC50 15.08±1.28 (μg mL -1), FRAP 1.81±0.27 mmol TE g-1 eksrakt, CUPRAC 5.57±0,20 mmol TE g-1 ekstrakt ve TEAC ise 3.30±0.33 lC50 (μg mL -1) olarak belirlenmiştir. Toplam fenolik ve toplam flavanoid içeriği sırasıyla 131.34±8.39 mg GAE g-1 ekstrakt ve 35.05±2.82 mg QE g-1 ekstrakt olarak tespit edilmiştir. Anahtar Kelimeler; Antifungal, antioksidant, salvia tomentosa, toplam fenolik, uçucu yağ Determination of Antifungal and Antioxidant Activitiy of Salvia tomentosa Salvia tomentosa’nin Antifungal ve Antioksidant Aktivitesinin Belirlenmesi Yusuf BAYAN, Nusret GENÇ Iğ dı r Ü ni ve rs ite si Fe n Bi lim le ri E ns tit üs ü D er gi si Iğ dı r U ni ve rs ity J ou rn al o f th e In st itu te o f Sc ie nc e an d Te ch no lo gy Araştırma Makalesi / Research Article Iğdır Üni. Fen Bilimleri Enst. Der. / Iğdır Univ. J. Inst. Sci. & Tech. 7(4): 17-21, 2017 1 Yusuf BAYAN (0000-0001-8393-7218), Ahi Evran Üniversitesi, Ziraat Fakültesi, Bitki Koruma, Kırşehir, Türkiye 2 Nusret GENÇ (0000-0003-3685-1344), Gaziosmanpaşa Üniversitesi, Fen-Edebiyat Fakültesi, Kimya, Tokat, Türkiye Sorumlu yazar/Corresponding Author: Yusuf BAYAN, yusufbayan@gmail.com Geliş tarihi / Received: 31.12. 2016 Kabul tarihi / Accepted: 25.09. 2017 C ilt /V ol um e: 7 , S ay ı/I ss ue : 4 , S ay fa /p p: 1 721 , 2 01 7 IS SN : 2 14 605 74 , e -I SS N : 2 53 646 18 D O I:
Heating in current carrying molecular junctions

A framework for estimating heating and expected temperature rise in current carrying molecular junctions is described. Our approach is based on applying the Redfield approximation to a tight binding model for the molecular bridge supplemented by coupling to a phonon bath. This model, used previously to study thermal relaxation effects on electron transfer and conduction in molecular junctions, is extended and used to evaluate the fraction of available energy, i.e., of the potential drop, that is released as heat on the molecular bridge. Classical heat conduction theory is then applied to estimate the expected temperature rise. For a reasonable choice of molecular parameters and for junctions carrying currents in the nA range, we find the temperature rise to be a modest few degrees. It is argued, however, that using classical theory to describe heat transport away from the junction may underestimate the heating effect.
Identification and Classification of Moving Vehicles on Road

It is important to know the road traffic density real time especially in cities for signal control and effective traffic management. In recent years, video monitoring and surveillance systems have been widely used in traffic management. Hence, traffic density estimation and vehicle classification can be achieved using video monitoring systems. The image sequences for traffic scenes are recorded by a stationary camera. The method is based on the establishment of correspondences between regions and vehicles, as the vehicles move through the image sequence. Background subtraction is used which improves the adaptive background mixture model and makes the system learn faster and more accurately, as well as adapt effectively to changing environments. The resulting system robustly identifies vehicles, rejecting background and tracks vehicles over a specific period of time. Once the (object) vehicle is tracked, the attributes of the vehicle like width, length, perimeter, area etc are extracted by image process feature extraction techniques. These features will be used in classification of vehicle as big or small using neural networks classification technique of data mining. In proposed system we use LABVIEW and Vision assistant module for image processing and feature extraction. A feed-forward neural network is trained to classify vehicles using data mining WEKA toolbox. The system will solve major problems of human effort and errors in traffic monitoring and time consumption in conducting survey and analysis of data. The project will benefit to reduce cost of traffic monitoring system and complete automation of traffic monitoring system. Keywords: Image processing, Feature extraction, Segmentation, Threshold, Filter, Morphology, Blob, LABVIEW, NI, VI, Vision assistant, Data mining, Machine learning, Neural network, Back propagation, Multi layer perception, Classification, WEKA
Changes In The Expression Of Three Cold-Regulated Genes In ‘Elsanta’ And ‘Selvik’ Strawberry (Fragaria × Ananassa) Plants Exposed To Freezing

Abstract Cold temperatures in midwinter and late-spring frosts cause severe damages to strawberry plants cultivated in temperate climate regions. Despite the seriousness of the problem, the plant mechanism of defense against cold stress has not been fully elucidated yet, especially in its molecular aspect. The presented investigations were conducted on the cold-susceptible cultivar ‘Elsanta’ and the cold-tolerant cultivar ‘Selvik’. Expression profiles of three genes (CBF4, COR47 and F3H) were determined at three time-points: 0, 6 and 12 weeks after sub-zero treatment at -12 °C. The CBF4 gene was very strongly up-regulated in ‘Selvik’ plants and the highest value of the transcript level was detected just after the treatment (time - point 0). The F3H transcript in the treated ‘Selvik’ plants reached the level 4 times higher than in control plants in the 12th week after treatment (time-point 3). In ‘Elsanta’ plants, the CBF4 and COR47 genes were slightly up-regulated (time-point 2), while the F3H gene showed stability of expression. High positive correlation between the transcript level of COR47 and transcript level of CBF4 genes was observed for both cultivars.
Analytically extended function to representation of some measured lightning currents

A multi-peaked form of the analytically extended function (AEF) is used for approximation of lightning current waveforms in this paper. The AEF function’s parameters are estimated using the Marquardt least-squares method (MLSM), and the general procedure for fitting the p-peaked AEF function to a waveform with an arbitrary (finite) number of peaks is briefly described. This framework is used for obtaining parameters of 2-peaked waveforms typically present when measuring first negative stroke currents. Advantages, disadvantages and possible improvements of the approach are also discussed.
SOLUBLE FRACTION OF SARDINE PROTEIN HYDROLYSATES IN THE FEEDING OF THE SOUTH AMERICAN CATFISH

The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of the inclusion of the soluble fraction of sardine protein hydrolysate on the stability of diets and the excretion of ammonia in South American catfish. Seven experimental diets were prepared with soluble fractions of sardine muscle and viscera hydrolysates. The stability of the pellets in the water was determined at different time intervals (5 min, 10 min, 20 min, 30 min, 1 h and 1.5 h). Total ammonia was determined every five hours. Significant difference was detected for diet stability only at 5 minutes, where the feed containing 20% muscle soluble hydrolysate demonstrated a higher leaching rate when compared to the control diet. Starting at 10 hours of observation, the ammonia concentration was higher in the control when compared to the other treatments. The sardine waste protein hydrolysate demonstrated to be a promising alternative protein source for South American catfish. The inclusion of up to 10% of the soluble fraction of the sardine muscle and viscera hydrolysates had no effect on the stability of diets; however, the ammonia excretion was reduced exhibiting eco-friendly diets with lower environmental impact.
Proposing a Method to Classify Texts Using Data Mining

Today a significant part of available data is saved in text database or text documents. The most important thing is to organize these documents. One way to organize text documents is to classify them. To classify texts is to assign text documents to their actual categories. This has two main steps, i.e. feature- and learning algorithm selection. There have been several methods suggested to classify text documents. In this paper, we propose a combined method to do this more efficiently. When selecting features, the proposed method uses filtering in order to reduce complexity and it is implemented using naive Bayes and decision tree categories. Results indicate advantages of this combined method to individual classifying.
High Efficiency Three-phase Power Factor Correction Rectifier using Wide Band-Gap Devices

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Relevance of the use of Alternative Medicine for Bronchial Asthma : A review

Alternative systems of medicine include Chinese medicine, Ayurveda, homeopathic, and naturopathic medicine. Chinese medicine emphasizes the balance of qi (chee) or vital energy. Within this system, illness is deÞ ned as a disturbance in the balance of vital energy. Ayurveda is a system of healing which evolved from teachings in ancient India. Our review mainly focuses on the importance of the severity and control of asthma in the evaluation of patients and their response to treatment. We searched MEDLINE, EMBASE, The Cochrane Library, and the National / International abstracts to identify relevant articles. We limited evidence to alternative medicine for asthma, but we also reviewed observational evidence for safety. Outcomes of interest were overall mortality, exacerbations, quality of life, functional capacity, and primary health care. Lifestyle modiÞ cations that effectively lower asthma are: i) increased physical activity, ii) reduction of the impact of environmental factors on asthma such as smoking, air pollution, hazards in schools, day care, the work place, and home, as well as other environmental triggers. Our review suggests that alternative systems of medicine reduce adverse effects and the need for high-impact, high-cost intervention. It is the best way for self-healing and health promotion (salutogenesis rather than pathogenesis) that makes alternative medicine approaches to chronic disease especially attractive.
Poisson’s Ratio Measurement Using a Pair of PVDF Ultrasonic Transducer

This work presents a simple technique to determine the Poisson’s ratio of homogeneous solid material using a pair of low cost PVDF ultrasonic transducers. It is based on transducer’s property of generating longitudinal and transversal waves depending on the excitation frequency. Mechanical tests were conducted to validate the proposed method, resulting in a good agreement between ultrasonic and mechanical techniques.