Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Molecular Advances in Glioblastoma Neuropathology

Glioblastoma is the most frequent and malignant brain tumor with a wide variety of morphological appearances. For a long time, the tumors were classified either as primary (“de novo”) glioblastomas that develop rapidly in elderly patients or as secondary glioblastomas with clinical or histological progression from low-grade diffuse astrocytoma or anaplastic astrocytoma. Recent data from the comprehensive genetic characterization of these tumors identified a number of common and diverg‐ ing alterations and pathways that allow future stratification of glioblastomas into several age-dependent biological subgroups. While the histological classification of diffuse gliomas based on the WHO grading scheme is still necessary, the use of additional meaningful immunohistochemical (and mutation-specific) markers, such as IDH R132H, ATRX, and H3F3A K27M, has improved routine diagnosis. In recent years, the spectrum of clinically relevant molecular markers has expanded. The utility of MGMT, ATRX, TERT, H3F3A and LOH 1p/19q in predicting prognosis and response to therapy in routine diagnostic settings is discussed. Weller M, Loeffler M, von Deimling A. Patients with IDH1 wild type anaplastic astrocytomas exhibit worse prognosis than IDH1-mutated glioblastomas, and IDH1 mutation status accounts for
Time series adapted supervised fuzzy discretization: an application to ECG signals

In this study, a new method called supervised fuzzy discretization (SFD), which can be used without having expertise on data, is proposed for classifying time series datasets. Because an ECG signal has a partially stationary characteristic, its classication process is more difficult than it would be for completely stationary signals. On the other hand, because the method proposed can be used without having expertise on the data, comprehensive data like ECG signals are enough to introduce one such method. To prove the efficacy of the SFD, RR intervals selected from a common ECG database are used in the classication experiments. Some parameters, such as the coefficients of discretization, equal time slicing, learning rate, and momentum, are analyzed for the highest level of success in classication. A new mechanism called an inconsistency detector is suggested for increasing the level of success in supervised learning by adjusting the learning rate. The best results of the SFD method are compared with those of other studies in the same database, which hopefully establishes the proposed method as worth investigating in other areas because of its projected success.
Heteroalkyl oxime derivative can cause damage to bacterial DNA

The present study aimed to evaluate the antimicrobial activity of a hetroalkyl oximec synthetic compound derivative (Benzophenone O-4-bromoethyl oxime) against two gram positive and three gram negative bacteria. The antibacterial characteristic of this compound was shown using the circular zone diameter of bacterial growth inhibition by disk-diffusion method. In addition, the random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) technique using twenty-three primers was performed to investigate the DNA polymorphism of bacteria that were affected by the synthetic chemical drug. Among these, only 18 primers were found efficient for reproducible banding pattern. Disappearance or appearance of bands between controls and treatments confirm rearrangements and DNA damages in the priming binding sites of bacterial genome. The results show that the RAPD method can be a useful identification tool for studying the DNA polymorphism created by synthetic chemical drugs. The results obtained with this technique showed significant differences between the RAPD profiles.
CHEMISTRY. CHEMICAL ENGINEERING

М. І. Скиба, О. А. Півоваров, А. К. Макарова, В. І. Воробйова. Плазмохімічне одержання нанорозмірного оксиду кобальту. На сьогоднішній день все більше розповсюдження викликають золі та нанодисперсні системи оксидів перехідних металів. Завдяки ряду властивостей безсумнівний інтерес для розвитку технологій різних галузей представляє оксид кобальту структури Со3О4. В роботі продемонстровано результати досліджень використання контактної нерівноважної низькотемпературної плазми, як інструменту для одержання нанорозмірного оксиду кобальту. Мета: Метою роботи є одержання оксиду кобальту з використанням як інструменту контактної нерівноважної низькотемпературної плазми. Матеріали і методи: Дослідження проводили в газорідинному реакторі періодичної дії. Електроди виконано з нержавіючої сталі. Утворений в результаті проби стовп плазми є інструментом обробки. Охолодження реакційної суміші забезпечували безперервною циркуляцією холодної води. Тиск в реакторі становив 80±4 кПа. Для отримання плазмового розряду на електроди подавали напругу 500.1000 В. Силу струму підтримували на рівні 120±6 мА. Оптичні спектри золів реєстрували в діапазоні довжин хвиль 190.700 нм. Термічний аналіз проводили у середовищі повітря зі швидкістю нагріву 10 град/хв у тиглях з кварцу. Одержані зразки досліджували методом рентгенофазового аналізу. Розмірні параметри отриманих сполук досліджували за допомогою електронного мікроскопу. Результати: Встановлено, що кінцеве значення рН осадження гідроксиду кобальту варіюється в діапазоні 8,2.9,0 і, залежно від величини іонної сили, становить 9 та 8,2 при I = 0, I = 1 відповідно. Досліджено закономірності зміни окисно-відновного потенціалу та водневого показника розчинів оксиду кобальту при їх обробці низькотемпературною нерівноважною плазмою. Фазовий склад плазмохімічно одержаних сполук кобальту було досліджено за допомогою рентгеноструктурного та термічного аналізу. Основну фазу отриманого продукту представлено оксидом кобальту структури Со3О4. За даними мікроскопічного і рентгеноструктурного методів аналізу розміри отриманих сполук кобальту лежать в нанометровому діапазоні. Ключові слова: плазмовий розряд, одержання, водні розчини, оксид кобальту, наночастки.
Trends in High-Efficiency Power Amplifier Design Solutions

In this contribution, research activities and trends in the field of RF and microwave power amplifiers design are discussed. Strategies for high efficiency are focused and the results attained presented, showing state-of-the-art power amplifier design, utilising GaAs or GaN technologies. Some "evergreen" design solutions, recently rediscovered for advanced communication systems, as the Doherty and Envelope Tracking approaches, are revisited.
Analysis of poverty in Poland in 1997 - 2000 using hazard models

In this work, the size and character of poverty in Poland was studied based on a panel data from CHER (Consortium of Household Panels for European Socio-Economic Research) database for the years 1997 - 2000. The analyses have shown a low households’ dynamic of income in this period. The sum of years spent in poverty as well as different sequences of entry to and exit from poverty suggest a permanence of this phenomenon in the population. During the period studied, the basis for the calculation of the number of years spent in poverty was the rate of exit from and entry to poverty. The calculations were made using a method of analyzing poverty based on hazard models, considering observed and unobserved heterogeneity of individuals in order to “explain” a chance of exit and return to the sphere of poverty.
Compact Two-Section Half-Wave Balun Based on Planar Artificial Transmission Lines

Artificial transmission lines are realized by a series of meandered-line inductors, parallel-plate capacitors, and interdigital capacitors, which belong to metamaterial transmission lines. An ameliorated artificial transmission line is proposed to realize a low characteristic impedance transmission line. A two-section half-wave balun at 900 MHz is designed, fabricated, and measured in this paper. The compact balun is based on conventional and ameliorated planar artificial transmission lines instead of microstrip transmission lines. The main advantage of the proposed balun is its size reduction, which occupies only about 10% of a conventional one. Measured results match well with theory and simulation. The balun features excellent amplitude and phase balance in microwave power combining and a reasonable bandwidth of the return loss as well.
Relationship between Capital Structure, Free Cash Flow and Performance in Companies Listed on Tehran Stock Exchange

Financial performance criteria are a part of a company's performance criteria, which are used for measuring financial performance. stakeholder groups such as the government, customers and public should enter the scene and with taking advantage of various mechanisms should impose their goals on these companies. The other perspective claims that for-profit companies, considering the effort they make toward obtaining profit, are considered as the best tool for demanding economic productivity and efficiency and that, it is not necessary for them to consider any other goals other than the goals of capital owners (increasing the company's value). This indicates to the importance of performance of companies and in order to obtain maximum outcome in this regard, the effective factors on company performance should be studied carefully. To this end, the aim of the present study is to explore the relationship between capital structure, free cash flow and performance of companies listed on Tehran Stock Exchange and for this purpose, all the companies listed on Tehran Stock Exchange during the time period of 2007 - 2013 were selected by using systematic elimination sampling method as research sample and were studied. Finally, research data were analyzed by multiple regression test and results indicated that there is a significant relationship between equity ratio of a company and its performance. Also, there is a significant relationship between debt ratio (capital structure) of a company and its performance and there is a significant relationship between free cash flow and company performance. Finally, there is no significant relationship between debt ratio (capital structure) and free cash flow in a company.
Interdisciplinary case-based teaching of engineering geosciences and geotechnics

The complete restructuring of the 4-year Professional Bachelor programme in Arctic Technology at the Technical University of Denmark in 2007 has provided the perfect framework for implementing CDIO-based courses with focus on a holistic and interdisciplinary approach. In this paper we present our experiences over four years teaching one such course, 11821 Site Investigations. The goal is to teach the students to conduct site investigations in connection with construction work in arctic areas. It covers technical skills and competences from several different branches of engineering in an interdisciplinary course. Course elements comprise the understanding of relevant geological processes and deposits, tools to examine and map these deposits, as well as the use of Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS) and Geographical Information Systems (GIS) to collect and organize spatial information. Environmental aspects and cultural heritage screenings are also covered as well as group work and report writing. The course is constructed around a real world case, e.g. the construction of a specific road segment, and the students have to produce a realistic site investigation report based on field and laboratory investigations as well as theoretical considerations. The interdisciplinary structure of the course combined with the real-world case and just-intime teaching applied has resulted in more motivated and hard working students, and as teachers we receive better and more interesting reports to read. However, the interdisciplinary and practically oriented nature of the course poses special demands on teachers and instructors. Among these are more complex coordination among course elements, and difficult adaption of the curriculum. Based on written and oral feedback and our own teaching experience, we conclude that the new course form is an efficient and challenging way to teach engineering with good learning outcome over a broad spectrum of the CDIO syllabus.
Production of Lactic Acid from Empty Fruit Bunch of Palm Oil Using Catalyst of Barium Hydroxide

Lactic Acid as a platform chemical has broad application in various industries, especially in the production of Poly Lactic Acid (PLA) for biodegradable plastic. Empty fruit bunch (EFB), abundant by product from palm oil mill industry, is one of potential feedstock to be used in the production of lactic acid from lignocellulose biomass. EFB contains high cellulose and hemicellulose about 37– 59.7% w/w and 16–28% w/w, respectively. The aim of this paper is to study the effects of the operating conditions, such as temperature, reaction time, biomass loading, and catalyst concentration on the yield of lactic acid using barium hydroxide as alkaline catalyst. EFB pretreatment with steam explosion was applied to remove lignin content. The results showed that pretreatment reduced the lignin content from 22.66% to 9.69% w/w. Meanwhile, hemicellulose and cellulose increased from 14.40% to 16.40% w/w and 29.37% to 63.57% w/w, respectively. The highest yield of lactic acid was 21.57% C-mol, achieved by using 0.25 M Ba(OH) 2 as the catalyst, with 5% w/v biomass loading, temperature 240°C, during 4 h reaction times. The yield was approximately equal to yield of lactic acid (~ 20%) compared with Pb 2+ as the catalyst for EFB conversion although the later catalyst produced fewer by products during conversion.
Body composition in women of reproductive age and during pregnancy. Method comparisons and gestational changes

Body composition measurements can contribute to assessment of nutritional status, both for clinical use and for research purpose. During pregnancy, body composition measurement is complicated by decreased density of the fat-free mass (FFM). Body composition assessment during pregnancy can be valuable for studies in unbeneficial gestational weight gain (GWG), as a large weight gain during pregnancy is associated with complications. In addition, nutritional intake during pregnancy is hypothesized to affect the growing foetus, and some polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) are important for foetal development. In these studies, body composition measurements by quantitative magnetic resonance (QMR) and bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) were respectively compared with air displacement plethysmography (ADP) in normal weight and obese non-pregnant women of reproductive age and during pregnancy. Non-pregnant women were analyzed in a cross-sectional study. Pregnant women were measured in each trimester, and ADP measurements were adjusted for changed FFM density. Also, effects of a dietary intervention study in normal weight women during pregnancy were analyzed, with focus on fish intake, serum phospholipid (s-) PUFAs (arachidonic acid, ARA; docosahexaenoic acid, DHA; eicosapentaenoic acid, EPA), and body composition changes. Additionally, effects of fish intake and meat intake in early pregnancy were analyzed, with focus on s-PUFAs, GWG, and body composition changes. In non-pregnant normal weight women, fat mass (FM) estimates by QMR and by BIA were biased 1 kg compared with ADP. In non-pregnant obese women, FM estimates by QMR and by BIA were underestimated 2 kg and 9 kg respectively, compared with ADP. Total body water estimates by BIA were
Dietary Intervention in Clinical Improvement of Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Patients

Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is related to lifestyle practices including dietary intake and sedentary lifestyle. The common treatment is directed towards weight loss, which is usually difficult to be achieved or maintained. Therefore, a nutritional intervention program aiming at improving the metabolic health not only focusing on weight loss was conducted. Total of 110 patients referred to the hepatology outpatient clinic in the Main Alexandria University Hospital were selected based on ultrasound examination. Data about dietary intake, habits, and practices, and lifestyle practices were collected. Body composition measurements, laboratory investigations, clinical examination and measuring liver fat by ultrasound were assessed. A Mediterranean diet reduced in total carbohydrates, very low in refined sugars, rich in vegetables, moderate in fruits and low fat dairy, with more incorporation of fish, legumes, olive oil, nuts and seeds; was used for 12 weeks and different exercise advices were provided to patients. A significant reduction in the amount of liver fat, together with improvement in lipid profile, liver enzymes, blood pressure, fasting blood glucose and waist circumference were reported. The criteria of metabolic syndrome and gastrointestinal tract symptoms were improved among the majority of patients, with moderate reduction in body weight 5-6%. Liver fat content estimated by ultrasound was associated with the amount of dietary fat and carbohydrate intake, eating meals at irregular times, and unhealthy cooking methods. Nutrition intervention with Mediterranean diet has significant positive impact on metabolic health of NAFLD patients.
On the charge fluctuation effects in plasma expansion

The ionization source model is considered to investigate plasma expansion into vacuum in the presence of highly charged dust particles. Due to the attachment (emission) of ions and electrons at (from) the dust surface, source and sink terms as well as momentum transfers are included in fluid equations. Based on the self-similar transformation a one dimensional numerical solution is conducted using, as a first approximation, Boltzmann assumption for the current calculation. The model is improved by dust potential self-consistent calculation. The expanding profiles are found to be changed when the fluctuation is considered. The relevancy of this investigation to comet tail expansion is pointed out.
ENHANCEMENT OF ADVANCED SCALABLE METHOD FOR DECOMPOSITION AND ADAPTIVE SOLUTION FOR PARALLEL AND DISTRIBUTED ENVIRONMENT

MPI (Message Passing Interface) has been effectively used in the great enactment calculating community for years and is the leading programming model. MPI i mplementations typically associate an MPI procedure with an OS-process, subsequent in a coarse-grain indoctrination model where MPI processes are certain to the corporal cores. Fine-Grain (FG-MPI) ranges the MPIC H2 application of MPI and devices a combined runtime system to allow multiple MPI processes to perform simultaneously confidential an OS -process. FG-MPI routines fibers (coroutines) to provision numerous MPI courses confidential an operating scheme process. These are fu llfledged MPI processes each with their individual MPI rank . The main goal of this paper is to provide a better sympathetic of decomposition technique in MPICH and analyse to improve coarse-grain mechanism in distributed environment. MPICH is a high-performance and generally portable implementation of the Message Passing Interface (MPI) standard (MPI-1, MPI-2 and MPI-3). To use MPICH2 for programs with frequent small message passing.So objective is to study decomposition methods, which are used to recover MPI implementation.
Design and development of a low-cost divided bar apparatus

A divided-bar apparatus is deemed to be the most accurate method of measuring the thermal conductivity, λ (W/mK), of intact rock cores in the laboratory. The divided bar is a steady-state comparative method in which the temperature drop across a disk of rock is compared with that across a disk of standard material of known conductivity. Thermal conductivity test results obtained from rock cores can be used in software programs to determine the design requirements for any medium to large-scale ground-source energy system. This paper describes the design and development of a low-cost divided-bar apparatus and compares the values obtained to those achieved by previous researchers and those recommended by EED, a commonly used borehole heat exchanger design software program. The divided bar was designed in accordance with the following principles: keep construction costs low by using readily available materials, develop a simplistic operating procedure to promote continuity of use and cater for the testing of different sized rock cores. As there are currently no recognized testing standards available for operation of a divided-bar apparatus, the sample preparation procedure for samples tested on the UCD divided-bar apparatus was developed as a proposed standard testing procedure. The proposed procedure amalgamates the developments and suggestions of previous researchers in addition to published test procedures in Ulusay and Hudson [Ulusay, R. and Hudson, J. A. , 2007, The Complete ISRM Suggested Methods for Rock Characterization, Testing and Monitoring: 1974–2006, ISRM Turkey], and could possibly contribute toward the development of a standardized procedure for testing on a divided-bar apparatus. The test results presented in this paper demonstrate a strong relationship between thermal conductivity and mineral composition with the effects of porosity also having a notable influence on the thermal conductivity of the tested rocks.
Performance Analysis of AODV, DSDV andDSR by using Different Mobility Models

In Wireless ad hoc network (MANET) the nodes dynamically create a wireless network between them without using any infrastructure. Nodes are moving freely, independent of each other and it makes routing more difficult. The routing protocol in MANET should be more dynamic so that they quickly respond to topological changes. Because of the dynamic property of mobile nodes MANET and the work in this required an efficient routing protocol. This paper analyse the performance based on different mobility models of Reactive routing protocol AODV (on demand distance vector), DSR (dynamic source routing) and proactive routing protocol DSDV (destination sequence distance vector). Performance analysed with respect to throughput, end to end delay, overhead and packet delivery ratio.
Rotational Grazing Systems and Livestock Grazing Behavior in Shrub-Dominated Semi-Arid and Arid Rangelands

Abstract Rotational grazing systems (RGS) are often implemented to alleviate undesirable selective grazing by livestock. At both fine and coarse scales, livestock selectively graze individual plants, patches, communities, and landscapes. Smaller pastures, increased stocking density, and rotation allow managers to constrain livestock movement and determine season and frequency of grazing, potentially limiting selectivity and preventing repeated grazing of preferred plants. However, in arid and semi-arid rangelands, forage growth is limited primarily by precipitation rather than defoliation frequency. When soil moisture is adequate, forage is abundant and defoliation levels are typically low, and repeated, intensive defoliation of preferred plants is less likely than in more mesic areas where more consistent precipitation and soil moisture storage allows animals to establish and maintain spatial hierarchies of grazing patterns. Many southwestern rangelands contain diverse vegetation, which provides quality forage during different times of the year. These spatial and temporal patterns of forage distribution may not be amenable to manipulation with RGS. Tracking data show that livestock often alternate among locations within pasture boundaries and can opportunistically exploit areas with higher quality forage when they are available. Higher stock densities combined with higher stocking rates can increase livestock use of less preferred areas, but overall distribution patterns of intensive-rotational and extensive grazing systems are often comparable at similar stocking rates and distances from water. Management that ensures that grazing of riparian areas does not occur during the critical late summer period may be more beneficial than RGS that periodically defers livestock use throughout the grazing season. In arid and semi-arid shrublands, timely adjustments to animal numbers and practices that improve grazing distribution at regional and landscape scales are more likely to be effective in maintaining or improving rangeland health than fencing and RGS.