Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
If it is Dead, it should be Out of Your Head Osteon or Odonton: If Necrotic, Remove it (The Case for Segmentectomy) Principle of Cleansing

This presentation keys off the biological Principle of Cleansing-sterility or purity. As we move through this document together we’ll return to this fundamental Principle clarifying why biological systems Cleanse, maintaining correct pure form and function. A key factor in this discussion is how we as dental surgical professionals may be aiding the natural process of Cleansing, and thus total human health, or obstructing it. We begin with the physiology of sterility of compartments of the human body, the starting point for our discussion. Normally “sterile sites” are defined and known as tissues such as: blood, lymphatic system, cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), pleural fluid-chest fluid; peritoneal fluid-abdominal fluid, pericardial fluid; bone-bone marrow; joint fluid-synovial fluid, temporal mandibular joint, knee, ankle, elbow, hip, wrist; internal body sites, lymph node, brain, heart, liver, spleen, vitreous fluid, kidney, pancreas, ovary, vascular tissue, and most important for our discussion. The Odonton, a single functional unit of the masticatory system. The Odonton is a sterile, pure, functional unit of the jaw until it is breached by microorganisms [1] Like the functional unit of bone, the Osteon, microorganisms (mo) do not play a role in normal biological tissue metabolism and function. It is accepted that “mo” invasion of tissues, called “infection,” do the opposite, disrupt metabolism-form and function.
IVF – ein neuer Herz-Kreislauf- und Stoffwechselerkrankungsrisikofaktor?

Pathologische Ereignisse während der embryofetalen Periode erhöhen die kardiometabolische Morbidität und Mortalität im späteren Leben. Die assistierte Reproduktion stellt ein neues wichtiges Beispiel dieses Problems dar. Schädliche externe Einflüsse während der In-vitro-Phase sowie eine erhöhte Prävalenz von Schwangerschaftskomplikationen, die das kardiometabolische Risiko im späteren Leben erhöhen, spielen eine pathogenetische Rolle.
How to perform first trimester combined screening for pre‐eclampsia

Pre‐eclampsia is a common condition that affects 2–5% of pregnancies and is associated with significant maternal and perinatal morbidity, and cost to the healthcare system. In those at high risk for pre‐eclampsia, interventions such as aspirin intake have been shown to reduce prevalence of disease. However, to implement these interventions, it is essential that high‐risk women be identified early in pregnancy. A combined first trimester screening model for pre‐eclampsia that includes maternal history, mean arterial pressure, uterine artery Doppler and PlGF has been shown to be the most effective at identifying the population at greatest risk of pre‐eclampsia. This article will explore the most appropriate methods of measuring the components of first trimester screening and discuss the use of aspirin for prevention of pre‐eclampsia in pregnancy.
The effect of apprenticeship on the knowledge and function of students of environmental health engineering

Introduction: Creating optimized opportunities for experiential learning and practical training is an important factor that improves the quality of education. This study aims to identify and analyze the mechanism of improving apprenticeship course for the students of Environmental Health Engineering at School of public Health in Kermanshah. Methods: This study is based on comparing the quality of education in apprenticeship courses by before – after study. The participants were the students who passed the apprenticeship course in the first semester of 2014 -2015 (32 students). The SPSS v.16 and the statistical T-test were used for statistical analysis. Results: The average scores for men before apprenticeship was 2.02±0.41 and after the apprenticeship was 2.82 ±0.44, and the average scores for women before and after the apprenticeship were respectively 1.9±0.34 and 2.84±0.37, respectively. The level of training during the apprenticeship course influence on increasing knowledge in the students of environmental health engineering. Conclusion: Analyzing the effective factors on improving the apprenticeship course influenced by the following factors: implementation method of effective roles of the educating units, playing an effective role in apprenticeship course, supplementary training activities during the serving time and playing an effective role be apprentices.
Triple Therapy with Empagliflozin, Linagliptin and Gliclazide in a Patient who Refuses Insulin: New Solutions to an Old Problem

Background: Insulin therapy refusal is a common subject in the routine of endocrinologists. New therapeutic options can work around this issue. Objective: To report a case of insulin therapy refusal in a type 2 diabetes patient and how this was handled. Design: Interventional case report with clinical and laboratory correlation. Case Report: 54-year-old man receiving Metformin, 1.7g/d for 2 weeks. Triple oral therapy was considered after refusing insulin. Clinical evaluation and assessment of metabolic profile were completed on admission and 3 months later. The outpatient record was also reviewed. Discussion: The triple therapy with Gliclazide, Empagliflozin and Linagliptin promoted laudable glycemic control, besides additional benefits in the blood pressure and weight loss. Conclusion: Facing the patient’s refusal or disinterest to use insulin, new classes of oral antidiabetic drugs are required.
Complicaciones del uso prolongado de corticoides: Cushing iatrogénico

Introduccion: el sindrome de Cushing iatrogenico es el resultado de la utilizacion inadecuada, excesiva y en forma cronica de los glucocorticoides. Objetivos: describir las indicaciones y complicaciones de la corticoterapia prolongada, ademas de las caracteristicas clinicas y demograficas de los pacientes que concurrieron al Hospital Nacional en el periodo 2010-2017. Resultados: se incluyeron 70 pacientes, con edad media 51±16 anos (rango 18-91 anos), de los cuales 40 (57%) eran mujeres y 30 (43%) eran varones. El IMC medio fue 28,8 kg/m2. Los corticoides utilizados eran la prednisona (86%) y la dexametasona (14%). El 60% era por automedicacion y 40% por prescripcion medica. Las indicaciones del uso de corticoides se debian a enfermedades inmunologicas (62,86%) y no inmunologicas (37,14%). La complicacion mas frecuente fue la obesidad (97,14%). El valor medio de hemoglobina glicada fue 6,38±1,67 mg/dL (rango 4,6-12,5 mg/dL). Conclusiones: el corticoide mas utilizado fue la prednisona. El motivo de uso predominante fue la automedicacion. Los efectos colaterales mas frecuente fueron la obesidad, la facies cushingoide y las alteraciones dermatologicas.
Successful aortic valve replacement in Leptospira infection

We present a young male patient's case of severe aortic valve stenosis complicated with acute Leptospira infection. Stenosis had caused circulatory decompensation; therefore, patient was scheduled for elective cardiac surgery. One month before operation Leptospira infection was diagnosed. With literature search aortic valve replacement was performed at the earliest 3 months after such infection. In our case, we could not wait so long. Soon after the resolution of septicemic phase successful aortic valve replacement was performed. An uneventful postoperative period followed, and patient was discharged home. In this case report the diagnostic and therapeutic problems are described. *Correspondence to: Zsófia Szabó, Department of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care, University of Pécs, Hungary, E-mail: zsofiaeszter.szabo@gmail.com
Efficacy and safety of olmesartan and hydrochlorothiazide versus telmisartan and hydrochlorothiazide in newly diagnosed patients with mild-to-moderate hypertension

Background: Hypertension is one of the most prevalent noncommunicable diseases. The Joint National Commission VIII guidelines recommend angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs) as the first-line drug and addition of hydrochlorothiazide (HCTZ) increases their efficacy. Olmesartan medoxomil is recently introduced, whereas telmisartan is a relatively older ARB. This study was conducted to assess the efficacy and safety of olmesartan and HCTZ versus telmisartan and HCTZ in the treatment of mild-to-moderate hypertension. Materials and Methods: A total of 120 patients with mild-to-moderate hypertension were recruited and randomized to receive either olmesartan 20 mg+HCTZ 12.5 mg (Group O) or telmisartan 40 mg+HCTZ 12.5 mg (Group T) orally once daily for 8 weeks. Blood pressure (BP) and heart rate were recorded at baseline and at 4th and 8th weeks, but blood sugar and lipid profile were estimated at baseline and 8th week. Results: Forty-six Group O and 44 Group T patients completed the study. Majority of patients were in the fifth decade of life (72.3%), 56% were males, and 35% had type II diabetes mellitus and received oral antidiabetics. The mean BP was 148.6 ± 5.9/89.2 ± 5.9 and 147.9 ± 5.2/88.1 ± 4.2 mmHg at baseline and decreased significantly at week 8 (131.0 ± 5.4/80.3 ± 2.9 and 136.8 ± 5.5/83.6 ± 3.9 mmHg) in Group O and Group T respectively. Patients in Group O had significant reduction in systolic BP (SBP) (P = 0.0001) and diastolic BP (P = 0.04) than that in Group T. More than 10 mmHg decrease in SBP was observed in 86.9% versus 65.9% of patients in Group O and Group T, respectively, which was statistically significant (P = 0.01). Diabetic patients in both groups had a significant decrease in blood sugar by week 8, but intergroup comparison was insignificant. Change in heart rate and lipid profile was negligible. Common adverse effects were dizziness, abdominal pain, and pedal edema in both groups. Conclusion: Olmesartan + HCTZ was more effective than telmisartan + HCTZ in lowering BP.
M1 Receptors in Blood Pressure–Controlled Ischemic Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats

Background and Purpose Hypertension is a primary aggravating factor in cerebral infarction. An acute rise in blood pressure (BP) at the time of a stroke may be harmful to the brain in a hypertensive subject because both cerebral vascular structure and function are altered by hypertension. Muscarinic M1 receptors are concerned with memory and learning. We aimed to evaluate the effect of controlling BP in hypertensive subjects at the time of stroke with a biochemical index of brain damage. Methods We gave a single dose of either the antihypertensive α-blocker phentolamine (2 mg/kg IP) or the calcium antagonist nicardipine (2 mg/kg IP) at the start of bilateral carotid artery occlusion to spontaneously hypertensive rats undergoing 3 hours of transient ischemia; we measured the time course of mean BP (MBP) and changes in the M1 receptor and its mRNA in three brain regions 2 weeks after the transient ischemia. Results Administration of phentolamine or nicardipine not only significantly suppressed the ischemia-.
Biomechanical Mapping of the Female Pelvic Floor: Prolapse versus Normal Conditions

Background: Quantitative biomechanical characterization of pelvic supportive structures and functions in vivo is thought to provide insight into pathophysiology of pelvic organ prolapse (POP). An innovative approach—vaginal tactile imaging—allows biomechanical mapping of the female pelvic floor to quantify tissue elasticity, pelvic support, and pelvic muscle functions. The Vaginal Tactile Imager (VTI) records high definition pressure patterns from vaginal walls under an applied tissue deformation and during pelvic floor muscle contractions. Objective: To explore an extended set of 52 biomechanical parameters for differentiation and characterization of POP relative to normal pelvic floor conditions. Methods: 96 subjects with normal and POP conditions were included in the data analysis from multi-site observational, case-controlled studies; 42 subjects had normal pelvic floor conditions and 54 subjects had POP. The VTI, model 2S, was used with an analytical software package to calculate automatically 52 biomechanical parameters for 8 VTI test procedures (probe insertion, elevation, rotation, Valsalva maneuver, voluntary muscle contractions in 2 planes, relaxation, and reflex contraction). The groups were equalized for subject age and parity. Results: The ranges, mean values, and standard deviations for all 52 VTI parameters were established. 33 of 52 parameters were identified as statistically sensitive (p < 0.05; t-test) to the POP development. Among these 33 parameters, 11 parameters show changes (decrease) in tissue elasticity, 8 parameters show deteriorations in pelvic support and 14 parameters show weakness in muscle functions for POP versus normal conditions. Conclusions: The biomechanical mapping of the female pelvic floor with the VTI provides a unique set of parameters characterizing POP versus normal conditions. These objectively measurable biomechanical transformations of pelvic tissues, support structures, and functions under POP may be used in future research and practical applications.
Incidence of iliotibial band friction and Baker’s cyst in cases with isolated medial compartment knee osteoarthritis

Poster: "ESSR 2015 / P-0069 / Incidence of iliotibial band friction and Baker’s cyst in cases with isolated medial compartment knee osteoarthritis" by: "V. Vasilevska Nikodinovska1, A. Stabler2; 1Skopje/MK, 2Munich/DE"
PL-011 Astaxanthin Reduces High Intensity Training Induced Myocardial Cell Apoptosis Via Activating Nrf2 in Rats

Objective Long-term intensive training may led to ischemia oxygen reaction and increase the ROS. Astaxanthin, as the super antioxidant, was investigated to against anti-oxidative stress. By supplementing the astaxanthin, we wanted to observe if it can mediated Nrf2 reduces myocardial cell oxidative injury in rats after high intensity training of 6 weeks. Methods 7-week SD male rats were divided into 3 groups randomly: control group ( C group，n =10)，high intensity training group ( HT group，n = 15)，astaxanthin and high intensity training group (HTA group，n = 15) . The rats in HTA group were given with astaxanthin 20 mg /kg·d and in HT group were given with oil during the training day．The serum cTnI，myocardial apoptosis index, the expression of myocardial BAX, Bcl2, Nrf2, HO-1, myocardial MDA，SOD and T- AOC activity were measured 24 hours after the last training． Results After 6-week tranning of high intensity, compared with group C, the serum cTNI, myocardial apoptosis index, the expression of BAX and myocardial MDA were significantly higher in group HT(P<0.01). The Bcl2/Bax, the expression of HO-1, SOD and T-AOC activity were significantly declined (P<0.01). After the intervention of 6-week astaxanthin, compared with group HT, the serum cTNI, myocardial MDA, the myocardial apoptosis index, the expression of BAX were significantly lower in HTA group (cTNI(ng/ml): 1.16±0.27 VS 2.47±0.39, P<0.05; myocardial apoptosis index: 164.27±3.98 VS 196.20±9.65, P<0.01; BAX: 58.40±5.95 VS 78.03±3.80, P<0.01 ). Finally, Bcl2/Bax, SOD, T-AOC activity, the expression of Nrf2 and HO-1 were significantly higher (Bcl2/Bax : 1.92±0.10 VS 1.19±0.18, P<0.01; SOD(U/mg): 52.38±6.15 VS 38.32±3.36, P<0.01; T-AOC(U/mg): 30.22±4.07 VS 23.76±3.20, P<0.01; Nrf2: 93.61±8.53 VS 74.26±6.69, P<0.01; HO-1: 84.99±13.78 VS 64.22±11.39, P<0.05). Conclusions The supplement of astaxanthin can mediate Nrf2 signaling pathway, and elevate the expression of Nrf2 and HO-1. Then it can increase the activity of SOD and T-AOC and reduce the myocardial oxidative level and myocardial apoptosis in rats caused by 6-week high intensity training. Finally, the structure and function of heart tissue are back to normal.
The relation of body image perception with body mass index, gender and disease activity in ankylosing spondylitis and rheumatoid arthritis

Aim: Ankylosing spondylitis (AS) and Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) diseases causes physical deformities and chronic pain which lead to impairment in the body image perception (BIP) of the body. Material and Methods: Sixty (N=60) AS patients and 55 RA patients were included into the study. Age, gender, body mass index (BMI), duration of diagnosis, education and disease activity of the patients were recorded. Results: At the mean age of 38.5 ± 9.8 years, 46 male (M) and 14 female (F) patients with AS were included in the study. In patients with AS, BIP score was positively correlated only with peripheral joint involvement (r = 0.32 / p = 0.005). At mean age of 52.1 ± 13 years, 12 male and 43 female patients with RA were included. The BIP score in RA patients did not correlatewith any parameter. The BIP score was not significantly different between the two groups. In the AS group, BIP score was significantly higher in female gender (F = 110.2 ± 29 / M = 95.8 ± 20.5; p = 0.041). In the whole group only in male gender BIP score was negatively correlated with duration of diagnosis (r = -0.264, p = 0.047); it was positively correlated with BASFI (r = 0.306; p = 0.041). Conclusion: In the early active periods of the rheumatologic diseases and in the later stages of them with the progress of physical disability, BIP may get worse. A better understanding of factors affecting BIP will increase the success of treatment regimens.
Epidemiology and Antibiotic Susceptibility Patterns of Carbapenem Resistant Gram Negative Bacteria Isolated from Two Tertiary Care Hospitals in North Lebanon

Background. Antimicrobial resistance is a major public health problem worldwide. Numerous epidemiological studies reported that Lebanon is affected with high levels of antibiotic resistance. The aim of this study is to determine the prevalence and antibiotic susceptibility patterns of carbapenem resistant Gram negative bacteria in North Lebanon during the period 2015-2017. Methods. Carbapenem resistant Gram negative bacteria were isolated from patients referring to Nini hospital and Youssef hospital center. Identification and antibiotic susceptibility testing were performed through conventional tools according to the manufacturer’s recommended procedures and the recommendations of the European Committee on Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing, respectively. Results. Overall, a total of 290 carbapenem resistant Gram negative bacteria were isolated. Escherichia coli was predominant and represented 39.3% of all isolates, followed by Pseudomonas aeruginosa (24.8%), Acinetobacter baumannii (22.8%), Klebsiella spp. (8.6%), Enterobacter spp. (6.6%), Pantoea spp. (1%), and Proteus vulgaris (0.3%). Our findings showed an alarming increase in the prevalence of carbapenem resistant bacteria every year. On the other hand, colistin, tigecycline, amikacin and fosfomycin remain the most effective agents against carbapenem resistant Gram negative bacteria. Conclusion. This study provided important new laboratory data that could support specialists in infectious diseases in North Lebanon to take the appropriate decision in the treatment of patients at risk for infections with carbapenem resistant Gram negative germs.
Prevalence of Latent Tuberculosis (LTB) Among Pregnant Women in a High Burden Setting in Sudan using Interferon Gamma (IFN- γ) Releasing Assay (IGRA)

Accurate timing for diagnosis and treatment of latent tuberculosis (LTB) is important to reduce morbidity and mortality for both mother and child. Objectives: To investigate the prevalence rate of LTB and its associated factors during pregnancy using gamma interferon (IFN- γ) release assay (IGRA). A cross-sectional facility-based study carried out in Kassala hospital, Eastern Sudan between January and March 2015. Two hundred and forty-nine women were enrolled in this study and 18.1% (45/249) had confirmed positive for M. tuberculosis infection using IGRA. The mean age, parity and gestational age of the LTB patients were 29.6 (4.4), 2.2 (1.2) and 21.9 (8.8), respectively. The vast majority of these patients was of rural residence (72.7%), housewives (91.1%) and illiterate (73.3%). More than half (25, 55.6%) gave a history of contact with tuberculosis patients, 26.7% (12/45) were vaccinated and 11.1% (5/45) had a medical history of diabetes mellitus. In logistic regression model, while age, parity, education, occupation, size of family members, smoking, BCG status and medical history of diabetes mellitus were not associated with latent tuberculosis during pregnancy, history of contact with TB patients (OR=13.5; CI=5.6 to 32.5; P<0.001) and rural residence (OR=0.3; CI=0.1 to 0.7; P=0.006) was significantly correlated to LTB in pregnancy. Thus, screening of all pregnant women living in high burden setting of tuberculosis is recommended even in the absence of overt clinical signs of the disease.
BMS-986205, an indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase 1 inhibitor (IDO1i), in combination with nivolumab (NIVO): Updated safety across all tumor cohorts and efficacy in pts with advanced bladder cancer (advBC).

358Background: Nivo (antiPD-1) has shown durable responses and manageable safety (ORR, 19.6%; grade 3‒4 treatment-related AEs [TRAEs], 18%) in advBC (Sharma et al. Lancet Oncol 2017), but prolongi.
Augmented Cardiac Hypertrophy in Response to Pressure Overload in Mice Lacking the Prostaglandin I2 Receptor

Background— In the heart, the expressions of several types of prostanoid receptors have been reported. However, their roles in cardiac hypertrophy in vivo remain unknown. We intended to clarify the roles of these receptors in pressure overload–induced cardiac hypertrophy using mice lacking each of their receptors. Methods and Results— We used a model of pressure overload–induced cardiac hypertrophy produced by banding of the transverse aorta in female mice. In wild-type mice subjected to the banding, cardiac hypertrophy developed during the observation period of 8 weeks. In mice lacking the prostaglandin (PG) I2 receptor (IP−/−), however, cardiac hypertrophy and cardiomyocyte hypertrophy were significantly greater than in wild-type mice at 2 and 4 weeks but not at 8 weeks, whereas there was no such augmentation in mice lacking the prostanoid receptors other than IP. In addition, cardiac fibrosis observed in wild-type hearts was augmented in IP−/− hearts, which persisted for up to 8 weeks. In IP−/− hearts,.
Living with Hazards, Dealing with Disasters: An Introduction to Emergency Management: An Introduction to Emergency Management

Drawing on sources in Japanese, Chinese, and American archives and libraries, this book reassesses another facet of Woodrow Wilson's agenda at the 1919 Paris Peace Conference at the end of World War I. Breaking with accepted scholarly opinions, the author argues that Wilson did not "betray" China, as many Chinese and Western scholars have charged rather, Wilson successfully negotiated a compromise with the Japanese to ensure that China's sovereignty would be respected in Shandong Province. Rejecting the compromise, Chinese negotiators refused to sign the Treaty of Versailles, creating conditions for the Soviet Union's entry into China and its later influence over the course of the Chinese revolution.