Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
OPTIMIZING THE RADIOISOTOPE PRODUCTION WITH A WEAK FOCUSING COMPACT CYCLOTRON

A classical weak focusing cyclotron can result in a simple and compact design for the radioisotope production for medical applications. Two main drawbacks arise from this type of machine. The energy limit imposed by the non RF-particle isochronism requires a careful design of the acceleration process, resulting in challenging requirements for the RF system. On the other hand, the weak focusing forces produced by the slightly decreasing magnetic field make essential to model the central region of the machine to improve the electric focalization with a reasonable phase acceptance. A complete analysis of the different beam losses, including vacuum stripping, has been performed. The main cyclotron parameters have been obtained by balancing the maximum energy we can obtain and the maximum beam transmission, resulting in an optimum radioisotope production.
Radium Isotopes Across the Arctic Ocean Show Time Scales of Water Mass Ventilation and Increasing Shelf Inputs

The first full transarctic section of 228Ra in surface waters measured during GEOTRACES cruises PS94 and HLY1502 (2015) shows a consistent distribution with maximum activities in the Transpolar Drift. Activities in the central Arctic have increased from 2007 through 2011 to 2015. The increased 228Ra input is attributed to stronger wave action on shelves resulting from a longer ice‐free season. A concomitant decrease in the 228Th/228Ra ratio likely results from more rapid transit of surface waters depleted in 228Th by scavenging over the shelf. The 228Ra activities observed in intermediate waters (< 1500m) in the Amundsen Basin are explained by ventilation with shelf water on a time scale of about 15‐18 years, in good agreement with estimates based on SF6 and 129I/236U. The 228Th excess below the mixed layer up to 1500m depth can complement 234Th and 210Po as tracers of export production, after correction for the inherent excess resulting from the similarity of 228Ra and 228Th decay times. We show with a Th/Ra profile model that the 228Th/228Ra ratio below 1500m is inappropriate for this purpose because it is a delicate balance between horizontal supply of 228Ra and vertical flux of particulate 228Th. The accumulation of 226Ra in the deep Makarov Basin is not associated with an accumulation of Ba and can therefore be attributed to supply from decay of 230Th in the bottom sediment. We estimate a ventilation time of 480 years for the deep Makarov‐Canada Basin, in good agreement with previous estimates using other tracers.
Own Up! Does Anyone Out There Have a Decent Theory of Ownership?

In this short paper, I attempt to find what theoretical grounds might support the term ownership as used in aid relations and critically to discuss these grounds. Three possible sources for thinking through the concept are: property rights, relationships made or sustained through gifts, and principal-agent theory. After setting the concept of ownership in development aid within the context of its origins, the paper explores the relevance and implications of seeing ownership as the effect of a gift, and then, in more detail, explores the way in which principal-agent theory has been applied to the analysis of ownership. Where this has been done, a particular controversy emerges around the relationship between ownership and conditionality: some regard these notions as fully compatible while others highlight the tension between them.
Molecular Systematics of Limnodrilus (Annelida, Clitellata)

The freshwater Limnodrilus worms (Clitellata: Naididae: Tubificinae) are segmented hermaphroditic annelids, bearing a unique clitellum (“girdle”) during sexual maturity. Some abundant and common taxa of Limnodrilus are ecologically and economically important in many respects, but taxonomic controversy, especially regarding the diagnosis of the cosmopolitan Limnodrilus hoffmeisteri Claparède, 1862 (the type species of the genus), has lasted for more than a century. In addition, the phylogenetic position of Limnodrilus within the subfamily Tubificinae has been uncertain. Taxonomic studies based on molecular data, e.g., using DNA-barcoding (for animals, the mitochondrial marker COI), have revealed several examples of cryptic speciation among widely distributed clitellate morphospecies. In this thesis, I used both mitochondrial COI barcodes and nuclear ITS data to explore primary species hypotheses from a sample of the morphologically defined L. hoffmeisteri collected in the northern hemisphere, and a final conclusion about species boundaries was based on the congruence of the mitochondrial and nuclear phylogenies. Furthermore, the phylogeny of Limnodrilus was estimated based on multiple-loci data of several Limnodrilus species, including a new one described as L. sulphurensis Fend, Liu & Erséus, 2016 from a sulphur cave in North America, and other naidid taxa. Finally, as the commonly used ITS primers are neither efficient nor specific for clitellates, two new pairs of clitellate-specific ITS primers were proposed. The molecular study showed that the well-known taxon “L. hoffmeisteri” actually represents a species complex (with at least ten species) rather than a single, cosmopolitan, species with great morphological variation. This work also showed that DNA barcoding, without using additional nuclear data, is likely to overestimate the number of species. Therefore, the ITS primers specific for clitellates will facilitate future research on species delimitation and the evaluation of mitochondrial DNA barcoding in Clitellata as a whole. In addition, by combining morphological and genetic information, a neotype of L. hoffmeisteri sensu stricto was designated, and the new species L. sulphurensis was discriminated from the other members of this genus. The neotype of L. hoffmeisteri is a baseline for future taxonomic work on the many cryptic species. The phylogenetic hypothesis presented in this thesis contributes to our understanding of Limnodrilus sensu stricto, which is a well-demarcated, monophyletic genus of the naidid subfamily Tubificinae, containing at least three main evolutionary lineages (i.e., three species groups). The sister lineage of Limnodrilus in our taxon sample is a group of three genera, Baltidrilus, Lophochaeta and Varichaetadrilus. However, Limnodrilus rubripenis Loden, 1977 is phylogenetically closer to Varichaetadrilus than to other Limnodrilus species.
Regenerating the Quays in Salford: an Analysis of Visitor Perception, Behaviour and Experience

Tourism can generate substantial benefits to destination communities and has featured extensively in urban regeneration policy, but whilst there is now an extensive literature covering urban tourism and dockland regeneration, visitor perceptions of urban waterfront destinations and their on-site behaviour and experience remain largely unexplored. The paper focuses on the Quays in Salford, the city’s former docklands, which has been regenerated and repositioned as its flagship tourism product. It reports the findings from a questionnaire survey of visitors’ perceptions, behaviour and experience of the Quays. A principal components analysis revealed that four product performance dimensions: ‘primary attractions’, ‘secondary attractions’, ‘access’ and ‘environment’, explained 62 percent of the variance in the data and just under 38 percent of overall visitor satisfaction. Furthermore, the destination’s secondary features, explained more of the variance in visitor satisfaction than its primary attractions, which in turn, were more influential than the environment and access components. The implications of the findings for destination marketing and management are discussed.
Experience in designing a using TCP as transport protocol VOD system over a dedicated network

We address the problem of designing a TCP and IP (TCP/IP) based video on demand (VOD) system over a dedicated network based on standard internet protocols, i.e., transmission control protocol (TCP) and Internet protocol (IP). TCP and IP are usually referred together as TCP/IP. Despite of the general belief that TCP/IP is not suitable for real-time multimedia applications, after testing in a laboratory environment for about one year, we are confident in announcing that our prototype is both efficient and reliable. This success depends on several important factors. First of all, the system operates on a dedicated network in which there exists no other traffic except a light of background traffic generated by the Ether Switch, the major network component used by our prototype. Second, system overhead due to the VOD server and the network adaptor card is minimized. Third, we maximize the disk bandwidth by implementing a proprietary disk file system. Our experiment shows that it requires only about 330 KBytes at the client buffer to smooth packet delay jitters. In our experimental environment, due to resource limitations, up to 40 clients had been tested successfully. By looking at the network bandwidth and CPU utilization, we estimate that a single VOD server should be able to handle more than 40 interactive clients playing MPEG-1 system streams simultaneously.
Mitigation of Current Harmonics in Inverter-Fed Permanent Magnet Synchronous Machines with Nonlinear Magnetics

Inverter nonlinearities and machine spatial harmonics yield unwanted machine current harmonics, causing control loop instabilities, additional losses and torque ripples. In this paper a method is presented that allows online identification and compensation of both effects for anisotropic permanent magnet synchronous machines with nonlinear magnetics. The method requires no additional sensors and only fundamental component machine model parameters. It can be implemented easily in existing inverter systems by software updates. Test bench measurements show significant improvements in the whole operational area. Measurements at nominal operation result in a motor current total harmonic distortion of 0.28 % which is less than a seventh of the uncompensated value. The functional principle is transferable to other machine types or grid applications enabling the mitigation of current harmonics in a wide field of applications. [1
Taxonomy of Hungarian personality traits: Replication and refinement*

Objective : We aim to replicate the previously published structure that was based on a taxonomy of traits according to psycho-lexical principles (Szirmak & De Raad, 1994). Method : The original list of 561 trait terms was used and administered to 1,503 participants, in part through using a paper version, and in part using an online version of the list. The participants provided self-ratings on these traits, and in addition filled out five questionnaires for purposes of validation and as an aid in identification of the lexically derived factors. Additional analyses were done using the joint sample of the present 1,503 participants and the previously used sample of 400 participants. Results : On ipsatized data, principal components analyses were performed, resulting in a six factor solution considered as the most adequate one. The factors were identified as the Big Five plus an Integrity-Honesty related factor. The analyses using the joint data set strengthened the adequacy of the six-factor solution. Conclusion : The previously published structure was approximately replicated in a new sample of participants. Moreover, the results gave rise to a re-labeling of the previous Integrity factor into Narcissism. *) A previous version of this article was retracted; see p. 12 of the article
ONLINE TOURISM IN ROMANIA IN THE CONTEXT OF GLOBALIZATION- STUDY CONCERNING THE PRESENCE OF THE TRAVEL AGENCYS ON THE INTERNET-

Tourism is a dynamic domain and sensitive to changes caused by globalization. It is modeled both by operators and tourists, being in a constant transformation. The presence of the Internet and using it constantly turns the distance from impediment in ordinary. Destinations that not long ago were regarded with suspicion today can be explored including through testimonials of tourists from around the world. This study addresses one of the most important changes among travel agencies due to globalization that is moving their activity online. The research is made on the travel agencies from Romania in 2013 and includes both general issues such as the existence of a website, consumer protection in the online environment, card payment possibility on the site, and particular aspects, such as spa deals, social offers and tourist information.
The Impact of the Choice of Performance Evaluation System on the Magnitude of the Outcome Effect

This dissertation examines whether the magnitude of the outcome effect is impacted by the type of performance evaluation system (subjective versus formula-based). The outcome effect is a phenomenon that occurs when an evaluator overemphasizes the outcome of a decision and ignores essential information that is available to the evaluator (e.g., market information, information about the decision-making process). This outcome focus leads to a more positive (negative) performance evaluation when the outcome exceeds (fails to meet) expectations. Prior studies have not examined whether the type of evaluation system (formula-based versus subjective) has an impact on the magnitude of the outcome effect. In a formula-based evaluation system, outcome measures are pre-weighted and an overall variance measure is easily calculated. Conversely, there are no predefined weights or overall variance measures in a subjective system. Instead, evaluators weight the importance of outcome information themselves. For this dissertation, I conducted an experiment in which 99 business professionals enrolled in a MBA program evaluated the performance of a retail store manager. Their evaluation was based on information that they received about the manager’s decision, along with situational factors that may have impacted the decision outcome. The results demonstrate that although the magnitude of the outcome effect was larger when a formula-based system was employed relative to a subjective system, this difference was not statistically significant. Nonetheless, this study provides initial evidence that managers using formula-based evaluation systems should be particularly aware of the outcome effect when conducting performance appraisals. In addition, this study documents the perceived controllability of four financial and four non-financial
Comparing Full Bayes Likelihoods to Predict Road Accidents and Identify Potential Hazardous Sites

Developing reliable safety performance functions (S PFs) capable of estimating expected accident frequencies and identifying hazardous sites is a major concern of departments of transportation. In Bayesian accident data analysis, sites are commonly ranked based on their posterior expected accident frequency in ord er to be selected for safety countermeasures. The primary objective of this research was therefore to propose an alternative method to evaluate the level of accuracy of an S PF and identify potential hazardous sites, both directly through a single step or measurement. A case study of the Trans-Canada highway in New Brunswick was used applying Bayesian statistics with three different likelihoods: Poisson, hierarchical Poisson-gamma, and hierarchical Poisson - lognormal. As a secondary and validating objective, the above mentioned models were investigated and compared. At the same time, the effect of environmental exposure on the occurrence of accidents was studied. It was found that accident frequencies were slightly affected by environmental conditions. The poste rior mean s of the model parameters indicated that, for the case study, various likelihoods provided roughly similar estimates. However, there were significant differences in th e way in which these likelihoods captured the uncertainty around the posterior means through the standard de viation, 95% credible interval, and model-fitting. Moreover, a series of computational and graphical goodness-of-fit measures were examined. In particular, the hierarchical Poisson-gamma likelihood presented the best model -fitting. Furthermore, a measure of relative risk was computed for each site based on the error term presented in Poisson mixture models. The rankings of sites using this measure and the posterior expected accident frequency were generated and compared. A positive covariance between the adopted relative risk factor and the expected accident frequency per segment length was observed. The results and discussions suggested that such a factor can be employed (1) to verify the dependability of S PFs and (2) as an alternative to identify and prioritize potential hazardous sites.
The Use of Uas for Rapid 3d Mapping in Geomatics Education

Abstract. With the development of technology, UAS is an advance technology to support rapid mapping for disaster response. The aim of this study is to develop educational modules for UAS data processing in rapid 3D mapping. The designed modules for this study are focused on UAV data processing from available freeware or trial software for education purpose. The key modules include orientation modelling, 3D point clouds generation, image georeferencing and visualization. The orientation modelling modules adopts VisualSFM to determine the projection matrix for each image station. Besides, the approximate ground control points are measured from OpenStreetMap for absolute orientation. The second module uses SURE and the orientation files from previous module for 3D point clouds generation. Then, the ground point selection and digital terrain model generation can be archived by LAStools. The third module stitches individual rectified images into a mosaic image using Microsoft ICE (Image Composite Editor). The last module visualizes and measures the generated dense point clouds in CloudCompare. These comprehensive UAS processing modules allow the students to gain the skills to process and deliver UAS photogrammetric products in rapid 3D mapping. Moreover, they can also apply the photogrammetric products for analysis in practice.
Optimal Inventory Control with Advance Supply Information

It has been shown in numerous situations that sharing information between the companies leads to improved performance of the supply chain. We study a positive lead time periodic-review inventory system of a retailer facing stochastic demand from his customer and stochastic limited supply capacity of the manufacturer supplying the products to him. The consequence of stochastic supply capacity is that the orders might not be delivered in full, and the exact size of the replenishment might not be known to the retailer. The manufacturer is willing to share the so-called advance supply information (ASI) about the actual replenishment of the retailer's pipeline order with the retailer. ASI is provided at a certain time after the orders have been placed and the retailer can now use this information to decrease the uncertainty of the supply, and thus improve its inventory policy. For this model, we develop a dynamic programming formulation, and characterize the optimal ordering policy as a state-dependent base-stock policy. In addition, we show some properties of the base-stock level. While the optimal policy is highly complex, we obtain some additional insights by comparing it to the state-dependent myopic inventory policy. We conduct the numerical analysis to estimate the in uence of the system parameters on the value of ASI. While we show that the interaction between the parameters is relatively complex, the general insight is that due to increasing marginal returns, the majority of the benets are gained only in the case of full, or close to full, ASI visibility. DOI: 10.15458/85451.28
Temperature Control Of A Water Bath Process: A Comparative Study Between Neuro-Control, A Self-Tuning Adaptive Control, A Generalised Predictive Control, And A Conventional Feedback Control Approach

Currently, neural networks are being used to solve problem related to control. One way to determine the reliability of the neuro-control technique is to test it on a variety of realistic problems, and to compare directly with existing traditional control technique, to see whether it works well and where it needs further refinement. In this article, we compare the neuro-control approach to a self-tuning adaptive control approach, a generalised predictive control approach, and a conventional feedback control approach on a real-time process control system. The neuro-control scheme consists of a backpropagation through time utility where two neural networks are trained one as an emulator, and the other as a controller. The four systems are compared conceptually and through experimental studies on the same single-input single-output water bath temperature control process. Comparisons, where applicable, are made with respect to methodology, system tracking performance, speed of adaptation, disturbance rejection, effect of long time-delay, and noise rejection. The results show that the neural network controller performs very well and offers encouraging advantages in many aspects over the other three controllers.
The Determinants of Capital Structure of Qatari Listed Companies

This paper aims to investigate whether the capital structure choice of Qatari companies can be explained by factors that have been found by previous studies as dominant determinants of capital structure choice (i.e., company size, company asset structure, company growth, and company profitability). Using panel data regression, this paper extends the research on the determinants of corporate capital structure choice by looking at the issue from the perspective of Qatar "developing country" that has institutional arrangements likely to be quite distinct from those in developed and most other developing countries, especially in terms of its tax policies. The results reveal that among the variables, company size and profitability have a dominant role in explaining the variation in the total debt ratios of Qatari companies. Meanwhile, company size, company assets structure and company profitability have a dominant role in explaining the variation in the long-term debt ratios of Qatari companies. However, only company size has a dominant role in explaining the variation in the short-term debt ratios of Qatari companies.