Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Influence of Seasonal Variation of Water Temperature and Dissolved Organic Matter on Ozone and OH Radical Reaction Kinetics During Ozonation of a Lake Water

ABSTRACT This study used key description parameters of the ozonation process in lake water samples over a 1-year period to better understand the influence of seasonal variations in water quality such as water temperature and dissolved organic matter on ozone decomposition and OH radical formation and reaction kinetics. The parameters were the initial ozone demand (IOD), ozone decay rate constant after the IOD (ksec), ratio of OH radical exposure to the ozone exposure (RCt), and ratio of ozone consumption to the OH radial exposure multiplied by the second-order rate constant for the reaction of the OH radical with an OH radical probe compound (Ω). The seasonal variations in water quality had the most significant influence on RCt (39–64%), followed by ksec (35–38%), Ω (27–34%), and IOD (11–25%) for the raw lake water and sand-filtered water in which the numbers inside parentheses indicate the percent standard deviation of the measured values for 1 year. For the oligotrophic-type lake water, the seasonal variation in water temperature (6–26 °C) had the most significant influence on the ksec, RCt, and Ω. The Ω was newly found to be inversely related with water temperature, possibly due to the temperature-dependent OH radical yield from ozone decomposition. This implies that the OH radical oxidation capacity during ozonation can be significantly influenced by the temperature due to the varying ozone decomposition rate and the intrinsic OH radical yield. This study also demonstrated the Ω is a useful, alternative parameter to the RCt for describing or predicting OH radical exposure from ozone consumption especially when the ozone decay is rapid or varies over time such as the initial ozonation phase of natural water or wastewater where a considerable OH radical exposure takes place.
Endokrinologische Notfälle – Teil 2

Die thyreotoxische Krise ist ein seltener, aber lebensbedrohlicher endokrinologischer Notfall auf dem Boden einer unerkannten oder nicht adäquat behandelten Hyperthyreose. Die Inzidenz liegt bei ca. 1–2% der Patienten, die aufgrund einer manifest hyperthyreoten Stoffwechsellage stationär eingewiesen wurden [2]. Frauen sind im Durchschnitt 3bis 5-mal häufiger betroffen [3]. Da keine allgemein akzeptierten Diagnosekriterien bestehen, ist die Diagnosestellung erschwert.
K-Band Hetero-Stacked Differential Cascode Power Amplifier with High Psat and Efficiency in 65 nm LP CMOS Technology

A K-band complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor (CMOS) differential cascode power amplifier is designed with the thin-oxide field effect transistor (FET) common source (CS) stage and thick-oxide FET common gate (CG) stage. Use of the thick-oxide CG stage affords the high supply voltage to 3.7 V and enables the high output power. Additionally, simple analysis shows that the gain degradation due to the low cut-off frequency of the thick-oxide CG FET can be compensated by the high output resistance of the thick-oxide FET if the inter-stage node is neutralized. The measured results of the proposed power amplifier demonstrate the saturated output power of the 23.3 dBm with the 31.3% peak power added efficiency (PAE) at 24 GHz frequency. The chip is fabricated in 65-nm low power (LP) CMOS technology and the chip size including all pads is 700 μm × 630 μm.
Honor Among Thieves: Understanding Rhetorical and Material Cooperation Among Violent Nonstate Actors

Abstract Cooperation among militant organizations contributes to capability but also presents security risks. This is particularly the case when organizations face substantial repression from the state. As a consequence, for cooperation to emerge and persist when it is most valuable, militant groups must have means of committing to cooperation even when the incentives to defect are high. We posit that shared ideology plays this role by providing community monitoring, authority structures, trust, and transnational networks. We test this theory using new, expansive, time-series data on relationships between militant organizations from 1950 to 2016, which we introduce here. We find that when groups share an ideology, and especially a religion, they are more likely to sustain material cooperation in the face of state repression. These findings contextualize and expand upon research demonstrating that connections between violent nonstate actors strongly shape their tactical and strategic behavior.
ПРОЯВ УТОПІЗМУ МІЛЛЕНАРИСТСЬКОГО ВЧЕННЯ В ІСТОРІЇ КРАЇН ЗАХІДНОЇ ЄВРОПИ ЕПОХИ СЕРЕДНЬОВІЧЧЯ

Стаття присвячена розгляду середньовічної утопії в руслі мілленаристського вчення. Згідно з логікою дослідження, автор починає свій аналіз питання з дослідження специфіки сприйняття часу та історії середньовічною людиною, внаслідок цього переходить до визначення сутності мілленаризму, його характери- стик. Як приклад прояву утопізму мілленаристського вчення розглядається селянське повстання в Німеччині 1524–1526 років під проводом Томаса Мюнцера. Автор звертає увагу на ту обставину, що утопія в середньовічному суспільстві країн Західної Європи не мала значного рівня прояву. Йдеться про вплив релігії на всі сфери тодішнього суспільства, що виразилося у специфіці світосприйняття на основі релігійних канонів. Християнська культура в цей час пропонувала дещо іншу інтерпретацію часу та історичного процесу, на відміну від попередньої епохи. Античний циклізм історичного процесу було відхилено, проголошено одночасно його незворотність, бо все, що відбувається в новозавітній версії часу, є низкою явищ унікальних, неповторних. Йдеться про лінійне сприйняття часу, його завершеність, що виражається в есхатологічному вченні. Звісно, в таких умовах утопія, виступаючи породженням людської свідомості, отримала нову сферу формування свого ідеалу. У цьому випадку мілленаризм став релігійною та ідеологічною основою формування утопічного ідеалу. Ідеальним тут виступає світ, який настане після другого пришестя Христа. У цьому ракурсі протестний характер мілленаристкього руху Т. Мюнцера має явно виражений характер утопізму, адже тут ми бачимо, що метою його руху стала вже необхідність змінити соціальну дійсність і втілити утопічний ідеал. Спрямований на боротьбу з феодалами, радикально налаштований селянський рух розглядався Т. Мюнцером як боротьба «добра зі злом», кінцевою метою якого мало стати досягнення досконалого соціального стану.
Toxic Anterior Segment Syndrome After an Uncomplicated Vitrectomy With Epiretinal Membrane Peeling

Infectious endophthalmitis is the most devastating complication of eye surgery and is associated with severe inflammation of ocular tissues. This study aimed to present a similar condition, a case of toxic anterior segment syndrome (TASS) after an uncomplicated vitrectomy. A 69-year-old woman presented with epiretinal membrane and underwent 25-gauge pars plana vitrectomy with membrane peeling in her left eye. Thirty hours after the procedure, the patient complained of increasing loss of visual acuity and a red left eye. The ophthalmic examination revealed moderate hyperemia, hypopyon and snowbanks in the anterior vitreous. Subconjunctival and topical steroids were administered, and the inflammatory symptoms resolved within 30 days. The visual acuity improved to 20/32, however, cystoid changes were noted in the macula by optical coherence tomography. TASS should be considered a potential complication after vitrectomy. This report presents a case of TASS and discusses the differential diagnosis between TASS, infectious and non-infectious endophthalmitis.
Multiple solutions and hysteresis in the flows driven by surface with antisymmetric velocity profile

Multiple steady solutions and hysteresis phenomenon in the square cavity flows driven by the surface with antisymmetric velocity profile are investigated by numerical simulation and bifurcation analysis. A high order spectral element method with the matrix-free pseudo-arclength technique is used for the steady-state solution and numerical continuation. The complex flow patterns beyond the symmetry-breaking at Re ≃ 320 are presented by a bifurcation diagram for Re < 2500. The results of stable symmetric and asymmetric solutions are consistent with those reported in literature, and a new unstable asymmetric branch is obtained besides the stable branches. A novel hysteresis phenomenon is observed in the range of 2208 < Re < 2262, where two pairs of stable and two pairs of unstable asymmetric steady solutions beyond the stable symmetric state coexist. The vortices near the sidewall appear when the Reynolds number increases, which correspond to the bifurcation of topology structure, but not the bifurcation of Navier–Stokes equations. The hysteresis is proposed to be the result of the combined mechanisms of the competition and coalescence of secondary vortices.
Framing Sustainability. Evidence from Participatory Forums to Taylor the Regional 2030 Agenda to Local Contexts

The present article introduces an original theoretical framework to investigate how public participation reframes governmental sustainability topics along four dimensions: exploration, prioritization, embedding, and integration. The literature highlights public participation as a strategic sustainability governance tool that can help governments extract local communities’ knowledge to better design policy. In light of this, the article proposes the participatory assessment grid (PAG) to assessing participatory contribution to framing sustainability. The present study adopts a topic detection method to gauging and comparing qualitatively and quantitatively the seven Veneto region participatory forums’ output. In so doing, the article tests the PAG and highlights the bottom-up contribution to the sustainability strategic plan formulation within the regional 2030 Agenda design. As the analysis reveals, participatory forums’ communicative content gives several potential contributions to government policy formulation that are drivers both to enhance public engagement and improve sustainability policy design.
Capacitor Commutation Method for MVDC Hybrid Circuit Breakers

The medium voltage DC (MVDC) type system can connect multiple terminals to a common MVDC bus, so it is possible to connect several renewable DC power sources to the common MVDC bus, but a DC circuit breaker is needed to isolate short circuit accidents that may occur in the MVDC bus. For this purpose, the concept of a hybrid DC circuit breaker that takes advantage of a low conduction loss contact type switch and an arcless-breaking semiconductor switch has been proposed. During break the hybrid switch, a dedicated current commutation device is required to temporarily bypass the load current flowing through the main switch into a semiconductor switch branch. Existing current commutation methods include a proactive method and a reverse current injection method by a LC (Inductor-capacitor) resonant circuit. This paper proposes a power circuit of a new MVDC hybrid circuit breaker using a low withstanding voltage capacitor branch for commutation and a sequence controller according to it, and verifies its operation through an experiment.
Vicarious Actions and Social Teleology

Abstract Actions receive teleological descriptions and reason explanations. In some circumstances, these descriptions and explanations might appeal not just to the agent’s own purposes and reasons, but also to the purposes and reasons of others in her social surroundings. Some actions have a social teleology. I illustrate this phenomenon and I propose a concept of vicarious action to account for it. An agent acts vicariously when she acts in response to the demand of another agent who knew that her demand was likely to succeed. I argue that vicariousness grounds the social teleology of the resulting actions.
Relationship Between Value Orientations, Attitudes, and Behavioral Intentions Regarding Peatland Conservation in Finland: An Empirical Application of the Cognitive Hierarchy Model

Abstract Peatland conservation is an emerging issue considering the number of ecosystem services these ecosystems provide at the global as well as the local level. Here, we examine how people in Finland value peatlands and how these values are associated with their attitudes toward the ecosystem services that peatlands provide, conservation policy, and their behavioral intention to contribute to conservation. To this end, we use the cognitive hierarchy and employ a protection–use orientation approach. We conclude with four classes of orientation, i.e. conservationists, utilitarians, pluralists, and distanced. The mean values of attitudes and behavioral intentions to a large extent differ significantly across the value orientation classes. The cognitive hierarchy and the notion of value orientations provide a more profound angle of the underlying reasons for people’s views regarding conservation. The findings are context specific but have broader relevance considering the significant role of peatlands in regulating the global climate.
Analysis of Anhydrous and Hydrated Surface Energies of gamma-Al2O3 by Water Adsorption Microcalorimetry

Surface energies have postulated importance to catalysis, crystal growth, sintering, polymorphism, and many other fields. This importance is even more critical when dealing with nanostructured materials, where the surface-to-volume ratio is considerably higher and the surface term accounts for a much larger fraction of the total free energy. Here we present a novel approach to experimentally assess the average anhydrous and hydrated surface energies of oxides, and used the method to determine the surface energy of gamma-alumina. The method uses a water adsorption setup combined with a microcalorimeter where the heat of adsorption can be monitored as a function of the adsorbed amount. Maintaining a closed system, the approach enables the correlation of the molecular configuration of absorbed water with the thermodynamic data, and hence the definition of the point where a liquid water configuration exists (at high relative humidity). This information allows the calculation of the surface energy at room temp.
A Hybrid Improved Zhou and Wornell’s Inspired Fully Homomorphic Encryption Scheme for Securing Big Data Computation in Cloud Environment

The process of performing smart computations in the big data and cloud computing environment is considered to be highly essential in spite of its complexity and cost. The method of Fully Homomorphic encryption is considered to be the effective approach that provides the option of working with the encrypted form of sensitive data in order to preserve high confidentiality that concentrates on deriving benefits from cloud computing capabilities. In this paper, a Hybrid Improved Zhou and Wornell’s inspired Fully Homomorphic Encryption (HIZWFHE) Scheme is proposed for securing big data computation, when they are outsourced to cloud service. This HIZWFHE scheme is potent in encrypting integer vectors that permit the computation of big data represented in the contextual polynomial form in the encrypted form with a bounded degree of limits. This HIZWFHE scheme is determined to be highly applicable and suitable and applicable in cloud big data computation in which the learning process of low dimensional representations is of high concern.
Bryophyte Diversity along an Elevational Gradient on Pico Island (Azores, Portugal)

The study of elevational patterns is a valuable method for inferring the influence of the climate and other variables in the regional distributions of species. Bryophytes are ideal for revealing different environmental patterns in elevational studies, since they occur from sea level to above the tree line. Taking advantage of the long elevational transect of Pico Island and the use of standardized survey methods, our main aims were: (1) to identify and characterize the alpha and beta diversities of bryophytes across the full elevational gradient (12 sites of native vegetation, ranging from 10 to 2200 m above sea level [a.s.l.]); (2) to detect the ecological factors driving bryophyte composition; (3) to identify bryophytes’ substrate specificity; and (4) to check the presence of rare and endemic species. The identification of 878 microplots yielded 141 species (71 liverworts and 70 mosses), almost half of those known to occur on Pico Island. The bryophyte species richness followed a parabolic unimodal pattern with a mid-elevation peak, where the richest native forests occur. A canonical correspondence analysis (CCA) of the bryophyte composition and explanatory variables revealed the effect of the elevation, precipitation, disturbance, richness of vascular plants and bark pH in explaining bryophyte compositions at regional levels. Very few species of bryophytes showed substrate specificity. Pico Island’s elevational gradient could be an asset for studying long-term changes in bryophyte species composition and alpha diversity under global change.
Evolution of Situated and Abstract Communication in Leader Selection and Borderline Identification Swarm Robotics Problems

The design of robust yet simple communication mechanisms, that allow the cooperation through direct interaction among robots, is an important aspect of swarm robotics systems. In this paper, we analyze how an identical continuous-time recurrent neural network (CTRNN) controller can lead to the emergence of different kinds of communications within the swarm, either abstract or situated, depending on the problem to be faced. More precisely, we address two swarm robotics tasks that require, at some extent, communication to be solved: leader selection and borderline identification. The parameters of the CTRNN are evolved using separable natural evolution strategies. It is shown that, using the same starting conditions and robots’ controllers, the evolution process leads to the emergence of utterly diverging communications. Firstly, an abstract communication, in which the message carries all the information, results from evolution in the leader selection task. Alternatively, a purely situated communication, meaning that only the context is communicative, emerges when dealing with the borderline identification problem. Nonetheless, scalability and robustness properties are successfully validated.
Green Shipping Effect on Sustainable Economy and Environmental Performance

This paper focuses on green shipping and its’ influence on the sustainable economy and environmental performance. Based on the green shipping approach, this empirical study examines a survey sample of 193 responses from Portuguese and Spanish executive managers and uses exploratory factor analysis and structural equation model. The Green shipping approach supports the green theory. The results show the importance of green efficiency, green management, and pollution impact. The confirmation of the sizeable influence of green shipping on the sustainable economy and environmental performance constructs constitutes a major contribution to the literature. Green management and green efficiency contribute to controlling the impact of pollution with practical effects on economic sustainability. Another contribution arises from the fact that tax and financial incentives and environmental sustainability regulations indicate the relevance of the pollution impact and sustainable economy.
INVESTIGAÇÕES EM EDUCAÇÃO EM SAÚDE: A PROMOÇÃO DA SAÚDE A PARTIR DOS TERMOS ALFABETIZAÇÃO, LETRAMENTO E LITERACIA

Os termos “alfabetizacao”, “letramento” e “literacia” sao defendidos, no meio cientifico, de formas diversas e sao de dificil elucidacao e classificacao, devido a inumeras interpretacoes e, surgem a partir da necessidade de se discutir e propor acoes para o estimulo da formacao cientifica dos cidadaos, no contexto educacional. Diante desse cenario, buscamos, atraves deste trabalho, compreender como estes termos sao utilizados no contexto brasileiro, bem como suas relacoes com a promocao da saude, a partir de uma analise de artigos presentes em Periodicos (A1 e A2) e nas atas do Encontro Nacional de Pesquisa em Ensino de Ciencias (ENPEC). Encontramos apenas 02 artigos que, apresentam, de fato, acoes voltadas para a promocao da saude (do tipo medica e socioambiental). De modo geral, identificamos, a partir de nossa investigacao, a existencia de uma lacuna entre a teoria e a pratica e que o termo alfabetizacao pode possuir acoes de nivel de sofisticacao inferior as do letramento.
Social entrepreneurs as change makers: expanding public service networks for social innovation

ABSTRACT Social innovation, in the context of public innovation, has gained increased attention in the literature, and is approached relative to the third sector, to social enterprises, or as practices initiated by the public sector. However, the interplay among these actors in enabling social innovation is still underexplored. Therefore, the article investigates the role of social entrepreneurs from outside the public sector in enabling public sector innovation networks. Since social innovation is inherently relational, four cases demonstrating how social entrepreneurs have pushed the boundaries of public sector services, and hence expanded public innovation networks, are analysed.
Children, language and access to schools in the global South: The case of migrants in Ghana

Research on migrant children and young people has often focused on the global North and less on South-South migration. This article discusses language and its effect on how young migrants access Ghanaian schools. Through interviews with 68 pupils, 21 parents and 40 teachers and principals from 30 schools across Accra, we found that children and young people from francophone countries were placed in lower than age-appropriate grades due to their lower command of English. Our study highlights the complex linguistic barriers facing migrants in an anglocentric educational system. The article discusses the relevance of our results in other post-colonial multilingual nations in the global South.
Exploring the Link of Psycho-social Factors and Job Environment Taking Mutual Trust as Mediator

This study aims to investigate the psycho-social factors responsible for the formation of perception about the job environment. The descriptive research design is used to carry out this study. The study’s independent variables include ‘Communication with superiors’, ‘Group or collective tasks’ and ‘Informal groups at workplace’. The study established that psycho-social factors positively affect the trust environment of the workplace. Also, mutual trust level mediates between three independent variables (psycho-social factors) and perceived job environment. The implication of this study is primarily for the management of the business process outsourcing (BPO) and knowledge process outsourcing (KPO) sectors. The study highlights that an environment of trust with frequent and informal communication helps to build positivity in the minds of employees. Management can work on these fronts to improve employee retention strategies. Efforts should be made to embrace the activities, which strengthen the trust environment at the workplace.
Free Time Across the Life Course

In most industrialised countries, citizens enjoy a very large amount of free time towards the end of their lives, when they are retired, but find it very costly to access free time during the middle part of their lives. This is concerning because those who die early are deprived of the reward of free time that retirement holds. Extreme discrepancies between a time-rich old age and a time-scarce middle age are not, however, inevitable: some states incentivise long work hours during middle age in combination with early retirement, whereas others incentivise shorter work hours during middle age and later retirement. This variation raises the thus far unexplored question of how a just society should design policies that affect the costs of access to free time across the life course. I answer this question by using a hypothetical decision-situation where prudent choosers must allocate access to free time across different life stages.