Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Porins Increase Copper Susceptibility of Mycobacterium tuberculosis

ABSTRACT Copper resistance mechanisms are crucial for many pathogenic bacteria, including Mycobacterium tuberculosis, during infection because the innate immune system utilizes copper ions to kill bacterial intruders. Despite several studies detailing responses of mycobacteria to copper, the pathways by which copper ions cross the mycobacterial cell envelope are unknown. Deletion of porin genes in Mycobacterium smegmatis leads to a severe growth defect on trace copper medium but simultaneously increases tolerance for copper at elevated concentrations, indicating that porins mediate copper uptake across the outer membrane. Heterologous expression of the mycobacterial porin gene mspA reduced growth of M. tuberculosis in the presence of 2.5 μM copper by 40% and completely suppressed growth at 15 μM copper, while wild-type M. tuberculosis reached its normal cell density at that copper concentration. Moreover, the polyamine spermine, a known inhibitor of porin activity in Gram-negative bacteria, enhanced tolerance of M. tuberculosis for copper, suggesting that copper ions utilize endogenous outer membrane channel proteins of M. tuberculosis to gain access to interior cellular compartments. In summary, these findings highlight the outer membrane as the first barrier against copper ions and the role of porins in mediating copper uptake in M. smegmatis and M. tuberculosis.
Gene linkage identification in permutation problems for local search and genetic local search

This paper proposes a gene linkage detection method to identify the gene linkage of each gene for a genetic algorithm applied to permutation problems. Linkage is defined as the tightness of loci in a chromosome. In the literature, many studies on linkage are devoted to binary-coded chromosomes. We propose an idea to identify the gene linkage in permutation problems where an chromosome is represented by a permutation of different alleles. We apply the proposed local search method to a standard local search and a genetic local search. We show the effectiveness of the proposed method by computer simulations on flowshop scheduling problems.
Are Humans Seasonally Photoperiodic?

Humans exhibit seasonal variation in a wide variety of behavioral and physiological processes, and numerous investigators have suggested that this might be because we are sensitive to seasonal variation in day length. The evidence supporting this hypothesis is inconsistent. A new hypothesis is offered here—namely, that some humans indeed are seasonally photoresponsive, but others are not, and that individual variation may be the cause of the inconsistencies that have plagued the study of responsiveness to photoperiod in the past. This hypothesis is examined in relation to seasonal changes in the reproductive activity of humans, and it is developed by reviewing and combining five bodies of knowledge: correlations of human birthrates with photoperiod; seasonal changes in the activity of the neuroendocrine pathway that could link photoperiod to gonadal steroid secretion in humans; what is known about photoperiod, latitude, and reproduction of nonhuman primates; documentation of individual variation in photoresponsiveness in rodents and humans; and what is known about the evolutionary ecology of humans.
Modified IDS-AODV for Prevention of Black Hole Attacks in MANIT

Mobile ad hoc network is a self-configuring and decentralizing network which is proficient to structure network dynamically. Due to its dynamic behavior and lack of central authority security becomes the challenging task for this network. In this most of the nodes can get compromised from various types of threats such as worm hole, black hole and denial of service. Black hole attack is a serious threat which inject false route over the network by broadcasting itself as a shortest route. In this work, we use the light-weight versions of symmetric encryption protocols PRESENT and HIGHT because the goal is to provide better security by minimizing the number of computations used for encryption so as to reduce the energy consumption. The simulation of our proposed mechanism is performed in NS-2.34 network simulator and the analysis of proposed mechanism is done using performance measuring metrics like PDR, Throughput, Routing load and End-to End delay. The experimental results of our work outperforms than the other ones.
Factors That Influence Assimilation Rates and Fractionation of Nitrogen and Carbon Stable Isotopes in Avian Blood and Feathers

By switching great skuas Catharacta skua from one isotopically distinct diet to another, we measured diet‐tissue discrimination factors and tested the assumption that dietary nitrogen and carbon isotope signatures are incorporated into blood and feathers at similar rates. We also examined the effects of metabolic rate and looked for evidence of isotopic routing. We found that blood δ15N and δ13C signatures altered after the diet switch at similar rates (14.4 d and 15.7 d, respectively). Qualitative analyses imply that the same was true with feathers. Mass balance calculations suggest that only a small amount of lipid is likely to be involved in the synthesis of blood and feathers. Differences in diet‐tissue discrimination factors before and after the diet switch may mean that toward the end of the experiment, some of the nutrients for blood synthesis had been coming from stores. Repeated measures mixed models provided evidence that increases in metabolic rate might accelerate fractional turnover rates in blood. There is a need for more laboratory‐based experimental isotope studies in order to address further questions that this study has raised.
Test de systèmes ubiquitaires avec prise en compte explicite de la mobilité. (Test ubiquitous systems with explicit consideration of mobility )

L'objectif de cette these est de contribuer a l'elaboration d'une methode de test de systemes mobiles. L'approche developpee est fondee sur la description de tests a l'aide de scenarios et leurs verifications sur une trace d'execution. Un scenario modelise le comportement et les interactions que l'on souhaite observer entre un ensemble de nœuds. Les caracteristiques des systemes mobiles nous ont conduit a representer un scenario sous deux points de vue differents et complementaires. Un premier represente des evenements de communications entre les nœuds et un second represente la topologie des liens entre ces nœuds. Notre approche est decomposee en deux etapes : une etape de specification des cas de tests a l'aide de scenarios et une etape de verification de ces scenarios sur des traces d'executions. La premiere consiste a specifier a l'aide du langage dedie TERMOS les cas de test de l'application mobile a verifier. Ce langage TERMOS a ete mis en œuvre au sein de l'atelier UML Papyrus. A partir des scenarios decrits de maniere graphique, nous generons pour chacun d'eux un automate ainsi qu'une sequence de topologie que nous utilisons dans l'etape suivante. La deuxieme etape consiste a verifier chaque scenario sur des traces d'executions provenant de l'application a tester. Pour cela un premier outil recherche les occurrences de la sequence de topologie du scenario dans la trace d'execution. Pour chacune d'entre elles, l'automate est execute et conclut a un verdict. L'analyse de l'ensemble des verdicts d'un scenario permet de detecter les fautes presentes dans le systeme.
DBS in Treatment of Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder

Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a debilitating psychiatric condition for which pharmacological therapy is not always solvable. Various treatments have been suggested and deep brain stimulation (DBS) is currently under investigation for patients affected by PTSD. We review the neurocircuitry and up-to-date clinical concepts which are behind the use of DBS in posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). The role of DBS in treatment-refractory PTSD patients has been investigated relying on both preclinical and clinical studies. DBS for PTSD is in its preliminary phases and likely to provide hope for patients with medical refractory PTSD following the results of randomized controlled studies.
Analyze the Trend of Post Replies Based on Linear Regression Model-----take Tianyawebsiteas examples

In recent years, users spend more time on surfing the social networking than ever before. How to make the information spread rapidlywhen facing vast amounts of information? Scholars have conducted information dissemination in social networking. On the basis of previous research, the authors divide posts into popular posts and ordinary posts and then use the linear regression model to predict the replies at specified time. After comparing the difference between two types of posts, the authors concludethat ordinary posts could become popular posts if the posts could maintain a large number of replies within former five hours and increase replies by making use of community mechanism. This conclusion provides a reasonable proposal for enterprises and administrators to identify andrecommendpopular posts.
A decision-tree-based approach for correctability of stochastic discrete-event systems

This paper aims to investigate the correctability of stochastic discrete-event systems (DESs) equipped with a probabilistic structure to estimate the likelihood of events occurring. The notion of k-step corrective probability is formalized by using the representation of decision trees to describe the possibility that the stochastic system may recover to accepted states from the current state within k steps. By introducing the strategy of adjusting the transition probability of the current state, a correction mechanism is presented for stochastic systems to achieve the maximal k-step corrective probability. In addition, an approach for the computation of supremal corrective probability is developed by constructing the decision tree after introducing the infinitely expandable states. Finally, an illustrative example is provided.
Evaluation of cloud and water vapor simulations in CMIP5 climate models using NASA “A-Train” satellite observations

[1] Using NASA's A-Train satellite measurements, we evaluate the accuracy of cloud water content (CWC) and water vapor mixing ratio (H2O) outputs from 19 climate models submitted to the Phase 5 of Coupled Model Intercomparison Project (CMIP5), and assess improvements relative to their counterparts for the earlier CMIP3. We find more than half of the models show improvements from CMIP3 to CMIP5 in simulating column-integrated cloud amount, while changes in water vapor simulation are insignificant. For the 19 CMIP5 models, the model spreads and their differences from the observations are larger in the upper troposphere (UT) than in the lower or middle troposphere (L/MT). The modeled mean CWCs over tropical oceans range from ~3% to ~15× of the observations in the UT and 40% to 2× of the observations in the L/MT. For modeled H2Os, the mean values over tropical oceans range from ~1% to 2× of the observations in the UT and within 10% of the observations in the L/MT. The spatial distributions of clouds at 215 hPa are relatively well-correlated with observations, noticeably better than those for the L/MT clouds. Although both water vapor and clouds are better simulated in the L/MT than in the UT, there is no apparent correlation between the model biases in clouds and water vapor. Numerical scores are used to compare different model performances in regards to spatial mean, variance and distribution of CWC and H2O over tropical oceans. Model performances at each pressure level are ranked according to the average of all the relevant scores for that level. © 2012. American Geophysical Union.
Occupational licensing in Alabama

ABSTRACT While often advanced as a means to protect consumers, occupational licensing is increasingly being recognized as a barrier to entry that benefits the licensed industry to the detriment of consumers. Furthermore, it often restricts economic mobility, especially among minority groups. Given that occupational licensing is primarily carried out at the state level, state-specific analyses are required to understand the extent and impact of occupational licensing, as well as to inform national and state reform discussions. This paper provides an in-depth analyses of occupational licensing in Alabama and offers recommendations for reform.
Kinematic changes at intensities proximal to onset of lactate accumulation.

AIM The purpose of this study was to examine changes in selected kinematic variables at 3 running intensities proximal to the onset of blood lactate accumulation (OBLA; 4 mM of blood lactate). It was hypothesized that greater changes in lower body mechanics would occur when running faster than normal race pace compared to when running slower than race pace. METHODS Nine competitive male distance runners ran at 3 running intensities (RI): 1) each runner's VO(2) at 10% below the VO(2) at OBLA, 2) VO(2) at OBLA, and 3) VO(2) at 10% above the VO(2) at OBLA. Selected kinematic and physiological variables were measured at each RI. RESULTS VO(2) at RI 1, 2 and 3 was highly correlated with running speed (r=0.93). The blood lactate (BL) showed a nonlinear increase from RI 1 (2.9+/-0.8 mM) to 2 (4.1+/-0.9 mM) to 3 (6.7+/-1.8 mM). The vertical oscillation of center of gravity (VOCOG), stride frequency (SF), range of motion (ROM) of trunk angle, and maximal knee flexion during flight phase (MKFF) changed nonlinearly as did the BL. Significant relationships between BL and VOCOG (r=0.44) and between BL and SF (r=0.51) were found (ps<0.05). CONCLUSION The findings show a possibility that lower body running mechanics have a relationship with BL.
Well-being, occupational stress and pain perception as predictors of IT services quality in a Bucharest multinational Company

This research focuses on highlighting a possible model of multiple linear regression between independent variables: positive relationships, autonomy, control, personal development, sense of life, self-accept, total stress, quality of life, avoidance, cognitive control, social support activities, predictors of quality of services. Methods: The subjects / participants are a total of 35 employees. Results: The hypotheses were confirmed partly for bivariate correlations between the scales of the used instruments. Conclusions: Results show that service quality depends on the quality and autonomy; positive and statistically significant relationship between the variables quality of services and quality of life; positive and statistically significant relationship between service quality and avoidance variables.
THE INFLUENCE OF REGULATION AND THE OPERATIONAL ENVIRONMENT ON CHINESE URBAN WATER UTILITIES

China is currently facing water scarcity issues, which can partially be relieved with improvements in efficiency in its urban water supply sector. Using a manually collected utility-level dataset for 2009-2013, we examine the regulatory context and performance of Chinese urban water utilities, taking into account their operational environment. Our main findings are that: (1) an increase in the number of non-technical staff does not increase output levels, while an increase in the number of technical staff, length of pipe or electricity usage can increase output; (2) customer density and non-household user rates are associated with lower levels of inefficiency (or higher levels of measured efficiency), while outsourcing staff rate, non-revenue water rate, and average piped water pressure do not significantly affect efficiency. These results suggest that Chinese urban water utilities can be improved through performance-based regulation and incentives that take into account the operational environment of utilities.
Time-Series and Cross-Sectional Momentum in the Saudi Arabia Stock Market Returns

This paper investigates the presence of time-series and cross-sectional momentum profits and the relationship between these two types of profits in the Saudi Arabia stock market. Results confirm that time-series momentum and cross-sectional contrarian profits are present in this market. The presence of cross-sectional contrarian profits is stronger than time-series momentum profits. Cross-sectional profits are so strong that it remains even after time-series momentum and other market risk factors are considered. An observation period of three months gives the best opportunity to provide cross-sectional contrarian profits. There is relationship between these two types of profits in the short holding period, but as the holding period increases the relationship fades away.
On-site likelihood identification of tweets with context information

The Web contains much information for the tourism, such as impressions and sentiments about sightseeing areas. Analyzing the information is a significant task for tourism informatics. A useful target resource for the analysis is information on Twitter. However, all tweets with keywords, which are related to facilities and events for tourism, might be not tourism information. In this paper, we propose a method for estimating on-site likelihood of tweets. The task is to identify whether each tweet has high on-site likelihood. We introduce a filtering process and a machine learning technique for the task. In addition, we apply previous and next tweets for the identification task, as context information. Experimental results show the effectiveness of the combination method and context information.
Biliary sludge: can ultrasound reliably detect the presence of crystals in bile?

Objective: To determine the accuracy of routine gallbladder ultrasound in the detection of crystals in bile. Methods: Preoperative ultrasonography was performed in 40 patients undergoing elective cholecystectomy. Bile was aspirated at operation and examined microscopically for the presence and quantity of crystals. Results: Six patients had echogenic bile, five of whom had large numbers of crystals at microscopy, and one only a few crystals. Thirty-four patients had hypoechoic bile, nine had large numbers of crystals and 25 of these had few or no crystals at microscopy. For those patients with echogenic bile (hyper- or isoechoic) the sensitivity for detection of large numbers of crystals was 5/14 (35.7%) with a specificity of 25/26 (96%). However, if the bile was hypoechoic the sensitivity was 9/14 (65%). Conclusion: For those patients with echogenic bile, ultrasound is highly specific for the detection of crystals, although the sensitivity is low. By contrast, those patients with hypoechoic bile at ultrasound would need a further investigation to exclude the presence of crystals.
Factors contributing to the abandonment of information systems development projects

The study identified several factors as contributing to the abandonment of IS development projects. Organizational-related issues which ranged from senior management involvement to end-user participation in the project development process were the most widespread and dominant of the factors. Organizational issues were also found to influence factors dealing primarily with economic and technological matters in project development.
The Determinants of the Early Adoption of International Accounting Standards: Financial Decision or Opportunism?

As of January 2005, rule CE 1606/2002 requires all European Union listed firms to use international accounting standards (IAS/IFRS). The purpose of this study is to understand the choice of early adoption of the IAS/IFRS. Using a logistic model, the research identifies the determinants of early adoption on a sample of 106 German and Austrian firms. It also examines whether the IAS/IFRS adoption is a pretext to manipulate accounting figures. The results indicate that size, capital intensiveness, ownership dispersion, and the abnormal growth of total assets and ROE increase the likelihood of early adoption. Further analyses allow inference that the motivation is linked to financing rather than financial statement manipulation.
Microwave backscatter and acoustic radiation from breaking waves

An experimental study of the microwave backscatter and acoustic radiation from breaking waves is reported. It is found that the averaged microwave and acoustic measurements correlate with the dynamics of wave breaking. Both the mean-square acoustic pressure and the backscattered microwave power correlate with the wave slope and dissipation, for waves of moderate slope (S < 0.28). The backscattered power and the mean-square pressure are also found to correlate strongly with each other. As the slope and wavelength of the breaking wave packet is increased, both the backscattered power and the mean-square pressure increase. It is found that a large portion of the backscattered microwave power precedes the onset of sound production and visible breaking. This indicates that the unsteadiness of the breaking process is important and that the geometry of the wave prior to breaking may dominate the backscattering. It is observed that the amount of acoustic energy radiated by an individual breaking wave scaled with the amount of mechanical energy dissipated during breaking. These laboratory results are compared to the field experiments of Farmer & Vagle (1988), Crowther (1989) and Jessup et al. (1990).
Clinical guideline on infant oral health care.

Purpose The American Academy of Pediatric Dentistry (AAPD) recognizes that infant oral health is the foundation upon which preventive education and dental care must be built to enhance the opportunity for a lifetime free from preventable oral disease. Recognizing that allied health professionals and community organizations must be involved as partners to achieve this goal, the AAPD proposes recommendations for caries-risk assessment, anticipatory guidance, preventive strategies, and appropriate therapeutic interventions to be followed by the stakeholders in pediatric oral health.
Working Time in Public, Private, and Nonprofit Organizations: What Influences Prospects for Employee Control?

ABSTRACT Employee control over work-time arrangements promotes work-family reconciliation and buffers against stress. But which human service context provides employees with the best opportunities to control their work schedules? Analysis of Australian survey data shows that after accounting for the low levels of work-time control in human service occupations like teaching and nursing, nonprofit organizations offer superior prospects for work-time control. However, whether this is true is strongly influenced by other occupational, employment and personal characteristics, such that for personal-care workers, work-time control is lowest in nonprofit organizations.