Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
On the implementation of a digital map for cultural heritage

Digital Cultural Heritage Map is a crowd-sourced web application that combines web-mapping, digital archives and multimedia. A back-end CMS allows manipulation of the user-generated content, making the system dynamic and easy to maintain. The goal of the application is to gather cultural data of a specific geographic area and relate them with multimedia, metadata and spatial data. This study presents the philosophy and the guidelines that influenced the interface design and the innovations of the application. We also describe the implementation strategy that can inspire the development of other applications that are device-independent and available to users on the move.
Relaxed Acyl Chain Specificity of Bordetella UDP-N-acetylglucosamine Acyltransferases*

Lipid A (endotoxin) is a major structural component of Gram-negative outer membranes. It also serves as the hydrophobic anchor of lipopolysaccharide and is a potent activator of the innate immune response. Lipid A molecules from the genusBordetella are reported to exhibit unusual structural asymmetry with respect to the acyl chains at the 3- and 3′-positions. These acyl chains are attached by UDP-N-acetylglucosamine acyltransferase (LpxA). To determine the origin of the acyl variability, the single lpxA ortholog present in each of the genomes of Bordetella bronchiseptica(lpxA Br ), Bordetella parapertussis(lpxA Pa ), and Bordetella pertussis (lpxA Pe ) was cloned and expressed in Escherichia coli. In contrast to all LpxA proteins studied to date, LpxABr and LpxAPe display relaxed acyl chain length specificity in vitro, utilizing C10OH-ACP, C12OH-ACP, and C14OH-ACP at similar rates. Furthermore, hybrid lipid A molecules synthesized at 42 °C by an E. coli lpxA mutant complemented withlpxA Pe contain C10OH, C12OH, and C14OH at both the 3- and 3′-positions, as determined by matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry. In contrast, LpxA from B. parapertussis did not display relaxed specificity but was selective for C10OH-ACP. This study provides an enzymatic explanation for some of the unusual acyl chain variations found in Bordetella lipid A.
Impaired perfusion following cerebrovascular stasis. A review.

The possibility that a vascular phenomenon might contribute to the brain's inability to survive ischemia for more than several minutes was initially suggested by observations such as those of Ames and Gurian1and Neely and Youmans.2The former noted that isolated rabbit retina and optic nerve recovered nearly normal electrical activity following a 20-minute deprivation of oxygen and glucose at 37 C. The latter group demonstrated recovery of dogs from periods of up to 25 minutes of total cerebral ischemia, when produced by intrathecal infusion of saline to a pressure of 400 mm Hg resulting in exsanguination of the brain. This report summarizes the pertinent work done by the group based mostly at the Massachusetts General Hospital, demonstrating and characterizing an impairment of cerebrovascular perfusion, which begins within the first five to ten minutes of total cerebral circulatory arrest. In addition, it discusses the mechanisms that have thus
Proteomics of exercise-induced skeletal muscle adaptations

Introduction The systems biological analysis of dynamic protein constellations and the determination of proteomewide alterations due to physiological adaptations play an increasing role in modern sports medicine. Several large-scale studies on the effect of physical training in humans and relevant animal models have decisively improved our global understanding of the molecular and cellular mechanisms involved in skeletal muscle changes during exercise. The aim of this critical review was to discuss the proteomics of exercise-induced skeletal muscle adaptations. Discussion Building on this extensive knowledge of conventional exercise biology, refined protein biochemical and mass spectrometric technologies can now be employed to study subtle changes in protein concentration, isoform expression patterns, protein–protein interactions and/or post-translational modifications following physical activity. Besides being a key method for the elucidation of fibre plasticity and muscle transformation, the systematic application of mass spectrometry-based proteomics promises to play a prevalent role in the establishment and evaluation of preventative exercise regimes to counteract skeletal muscle wasting and metabolic disturbances in common disorders with muscular involvement such as diabetes, obesity, cardiovascular disease, cancer cachexia or sarcopenia of old age. In this critical review, the impact of recent proteomic profiling studies of physical exercise is examined and its implications for our molecular understanding of skeletal muscle adaptations are discussed.
Ultrastructure and function of cephalopod chromatophores.

synopsis. Each chromatophore organ consists of a pigment cell and of several radial muscle fibers that represent separate cells. The pigment granules are contained within an elastic sacculus within the pigment cell. The sacculus is attached around the equator of the chromatophore to the cell membrane by zonal haptosomes. In turn, the cell membrane is attached to the radial muscle fibers by a dense basal lamina. The cell membrane of the retracted chromatophore is highly folded. Contraction of the radial muscle fibers is initiated by (a) excitatory junction potentials, (b) miniature potentials, or (c) spike potentials. The latter arise spontaneously in the muscle fibers when these have undergone some internal (metabolic? ) change. The contraction of the muscle fibers causes expansion of the pigment-containing sacculus. Relaxation of the muscle fibers permits the sacculus to assume its original lenticular or near-spherical shape; the energy for this is stored within the expanded elastic components of the sacculus. In normal skin the chromatophore organs are entirely under the control of the central nervous system, the muscle fibers being activated only by local, excitatory postsynaptic potentials initiated by motor nerve impulses. That postsynaptic potentials are non-propagating insures that individual motor fibers can be activated individually, thus permitting a delicate control of skin color by recruitment as well as by frequency. Tonic contractions and pulsations, involving spontaneous release of transmitter from nerve terminals and spike generation within the muscle fibers, respectively, are the result of altered, abnormal conditions within the skin.
Maximum likelihood angle of arrival estimation using least mean squares technique

Maximum likelihood method is an adaptive beam-forming approach for estimating the angle of arrival of the target. A search is performed over all possible angle of arrivals and a suitable direction is selected such that is gives the highest probability of declaring a target to be present. Least mean squares technique is used for updating the maximum likelihood weights adaptively. It is shown that the maximum likelihood method provides improved angle accuracy by reducing the weight error.
Hearing in Nonprofessional Pop/Rock Musicians

Objective: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the hearing and subjective auditory symptoms in a group of nonprofessional pop/rock musicians who had experienced repeated exposures to intense sound levels during at least 5 yr of musical activity. Design: An evaluation of both ears in 42 nonprofessional pop/rock musicians included pure-tone audiometry in the conventional and extended high-frequency range, the measurement of uncomfortable loudness levels, and an assessment of tinnitus and hypersensitivity to sound. Exclusion criteria were (a) the occurrence of acoustic trauma, (b) excessive noise exposure during occupational activities, (c) a history of recurrent otitis media, (d) previous ear surgery, (e) a fracture of the cranium, (f) ingestion of potentially ototoxic drugs, and (g) reported hearing difficulties within the immediate family. These audiometric results were then compared with a control group of 20 otologically normal young adults with no history of long-term noise exposure. Results: After adjusting for age and gender, relative to ISO 7029, the mean hearing threshold in the frequency range of 3 to 8 kHz was 6 dB in the musicians and 1.5 dB in the control group. This difference was statistically significant (Mann-Whitney rank sum test, p < 0.001). A significant difference was also observed between musicians using regular hearing protection during their activities (average 3 to 8 kHz thresholds = 2.4 dB) and musicians who never used such hearing protection (average 3 to 8 kHz thresholds = 8.2 dB), after adjusting for age and gender (Mann-Whitney rank sum test, p = 0.006). Eleven of the musicians (26%) were found to be hypersensitive to sound, and seven (17%) presented with tinnitus. Tinnitus assessment, however, did not reveal any clinically significant psychological distress in these individuals. Conclusions: Tinnitus and hypersensitivity to sound were observed in a significant minority within a group of nonprofessional pop/rock musicians who had experienced repeated exposure to intense sound levels over at least 5 yr but with minimal impact on their lives. Moreover, hearing loss was minimal in the subjects who always used ear protection, being only 0.9 dB higher than the control group. In contrast, hearing loss was significantly more pronounced, at 6.7 dB higher than the control group, in those musicians who never used ear protection. Continued education about the risk to hearing and the benefits of the persistent use of ear protection is warranted for musicians who are exposed frequently to intense sound levels.
Energy-aware routing: A reality check

In this work, we analyze the design of green routing algorithms and evaluate the achievable energy savings that such mechanisms could allow in several realistic network scenarios. We formulate the problem as a minimum energy routing optimization, which we numerically solve considering a core-network scenario, which can be seen as a worst-case for energy saving performance (as nodes cannot be switched off). To gather full-relief results, we analyze the energy savings in various conditions (i.e., network topology and traffic matrix) and under different technology assumptions (i.e., the energy profile of the network devices). These results give us insight into the potential benefits of different “green” technologies and their interactions. In particular, we show that depending on the topology and traffic matrices, the optimal energy savings can be modest, partly limiting the interest for green routing approaches for some scenarios. At the same time, we also show that the common belief that there is a trade off between green network optimization and performance does not necessarily hold: in the considered environment, green routing has no effect on the main network performances such as maximum link utilization.
Data analytics for precision medicine : variation calling and copy number analysis for DNA sequencing

In this review, we describe key components of a computational infrastructure for a precision medicine program that is based on clinical-grade genomic sequencing. Specific aspects covered in this review include software components and hardware infrastructure, reporting, integration into Electronic Health Records for routine clinical use and regulatory aspects. We emphasize informatics components related to reproducibility and reliability in genomic testing, regulatory compliance, traceability and documentation of processes, integration into clinical workflows, privacy requirements, prioritization and interpretation of results to report based on clinical needs, rapidly evolving knowledge base of genomic alterations and clinical treatments and return of results in a timely and predictable fashion. We also seek to differentiate between the use of precision medicine in germline and cancer.
Gabor difference analysis of digital video quality

The rapid increase in the development of digital video systems has generated a strong need for objective video quality metrics. Two methods are presented in this work. One is the Gabor difference analysis (GDA) full reference method, and the other is the reverse frame prediction (RFP) no reference video quality method. Both methods are based on the multi-channel properties of the human visual system (HVS). Gabor filtering is used in both methods. In the GDA method, a reference and a degraded digital video sequence are compared by taking into account various psycho-perceptual properties of the HVS. The RFP method does not require a reference video stream and is intended for in-service testing and on-line monitoring. The performances of the proposed methods are evaluated. The methods in this work are shown to be consistent with the data from subjective testing over a wide range of scenes. This work is critical to the evaluation of the effectiveness of compression schemes on HDTV imagery.
Beneficial effects of a skin tolerance‐tested moisturizing cream on the barrier function in experimentally‐elicited irritant and allergic contact dermatitis

In experimentally‐induced irritant (ICD) and allergic (ACD) contact dermatitis, an oil‐in‐water (o/w) cream was applied to investigate its effects on a disturbed barrier function compared to untreated physiological barrier repair. Transepidermal water loss (TEWL) measurements were performed. Before the start of the experiments, the skin tolerance of the cream was examined, revealing the non‐irritating characteristics of the ingredients and the absence of any contact allergic patch test reaction. In the ICD study, sodium lauryl sulfate (SLS) patches were applied to the forearms of young female volunteers. Consequently, it was observed that repeated cream application (14 days, 2×/day) significantly improved the TEWL of SLS‐damaged skin, leading to a complete recovery on day 15. In the ACD study, disruption of skin barrier function was obtained by a nickel‐mediated contact allergy patch (CAP) test. The cream was then applied 2×/day for 4 consecutive days. Assessment of TEWL clearly showed that recovery of the disrupted skin significantly improved after cream application in comparison to untreated barrier repair.
Secure multi-path data deliver in sensor networks

In network communication, Byzantine attacks, i.e., attacks in consequence of the packet dropping and cheating (modified packets), are usually difficult to guard against. Several multi-path packet routing schemes have been recently proposed to recover lost packets on account of the packet dropping (caused by path failures or attacks), but no effective solutions have been proposed to counter cheating attacks. To this end, we propose a novel approach in multi-path routing to improve resilience to Byzantine attacks. In our approach, we present a multi-path source routing scheme based on Prüfer number which allows the receiver to identify packet dropping paths. We also propose a multi-path coding scheme based on Reed-Solomon error-correcting coding scheme which allows the receiver to identify paths that cheat. If (n; k) RS coding scheme is used, our v(≥ 3) node-disjoint paths routing scheme is resilient to t = (n-k)/2 faulty paths, i.e., up to t faulty paths can be identified and the original message can be recovered. Our scheme does not involve interactive communications between the source and the destination. Additionally, we propose a path selection scheme which enables a node to select the most reliable paths (isolating faulty nodes) to transmit data. Our robustness analysis also discusses the tradeoffs between using the single path routing and multi-path routing.
Topological "melting" of cellular domain lattices in magnetic garnet films.

Observation des transformations de phase ordre-desordre dans un ensemble metastable de domaines magnetiques, a temperature ambiante. L'avance du front detruit un reseau de domaines hexagonaux pour former une phase cellulaire desordonnee. Ce mouvement est controle par les contraintes creees par un champ polarise externe. La nature topologique de la transition est a l'origine de la non-conservation et de l'irreversibilite des caracteristiques des particules
New Tick Defensin Isoform and Antimicrobial Gene Expression in Response to Rickettsia montanensis Challenge

ABSTRACT Recent studies aimed at elucidating the rickettsia-tick interaction have discovered that the spotted fever group rickettsia Rickettsia montanensis, a relative of R. rickettsii, the etiologic agent of Rocky Mountain spotted fever, induces differential gene expression patterns in the ovaries of the hard tick Dermacentor variabilis. Here we describe a new defensin isoform, defensin-2, and the expression patterns of genes for three antimicrobials, defensin-1 (vsnA1), defensin-2, and lysozyme, in the midguts and fat bodies of D. variabilis ticks that were challenged with R. montanensis. Bioinformatic and phylogenetic analyses of the primary structure of defensin-2 support its role as an antimicrobial. The tissue distributions of the three antimicrobials, especially the two D. variabilis defensin isoforms, are markedly different, illustrating the immunocompetence of the many tissues that R. montanensis presumably invades once acquired by the tick. Antimicrobial gene expression patterns in R. montanensis-challenged ticks suggest that antimicrobial genes play a role during the acquisition-invasion stages in the tick.
Cutting Edge: Down-Regulation of MHC Class I-Related Chain A on Tumor Cells by IFN-γ-Induced MicroRNA1

NKG2D is a receptor used by NK cells to detect virally infected and transformed cells. It recognizes ligands that are expressed constitutively on primary tumors and tumor cell lines. In this report, we have identified four microRNAs (miRNAs) that each was sufficient to reduce the expression of the NKG2D ligand MHC class I-related chain A (MICA). One of these miRNAs (miR-520b) was induced by IFN-γ, leading to a reduction in MICA surface protein levels. Interestingly, miR-520b acted on both the MICA 3′-untranslated region and the promoter region and caused a decrease in the levels of MICA transcript. In contrast, an antisense oligonucleotide inhibitor of miR-520b increased the expression of a reporter construct containing the MICA 3′-untranslated region but not the MICA promoter region. These findings demonstrate the novel regulation of an NKG2D ligand by an endogenous microRNA that is itself induced by IFN-γ.
Effect of H. pylori density by histopathology on its complications and eradication therapy.

INTRODUCTION Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection causes chronic gastritis and is a major risk factor for duodenal and gastric ulceration, gastric adenocarcinoma, and primary gastric lymphoma. Increased gastric bacterial density may lead to increased levels of inflammation and epithelial injury. AIMS AND OBJECTIVES 1) To study the effect of H. pylori density by histological changes in stomach. 2) To study the effect of H. pylori density on the efficacy of standard triple drug eradication treatment. 3) To study the effect of H. pylori density on the complication related to H. pylori. MATERIAL AND METHODS All the patients visiting gastroenterology OPD with the symptoms of dyspepsia not responding to proton pump inhibitor or having alarm symptoms were subjected to upper GI endoscopy and biopsy. If H. pylori was present they were included in the study. The patients were given standard 14 day triple antibiotic combination for H. pylori eradication. H. pylori eradication was confirmed by urea breath test after six weeks of completion of treatment. RESULTS Out of 250 patients screened, 120 patients enrolled in the study. On clinical history 41.5% patients had symptoms of heart burn where as 63.3% patients had dyspeptic symptoms. Success rate of anti H. pylori triple drug therapy was 80%. Rate of eradication was significantly lower among the patients with higher H. pylori density (p < 0.05) on histopathology by Sydney classification. Duodenal ulcer, Gastric ulcer and gastric erosion were noted in higher frequencies among the patients with higher H. pylori density (p < 0.05). CONCLUSION H. pylori density by histopathology correlates with the complication related to H. pylori i.e. duodenal ulcer, reflux esophagitis and antral erosions. It also correlates with the success of the standard triple drug eradication treatment.
FAULT DETECTION AND MITIGATION IN MULTILEVEL CONVERTER STATCOMS

An advanced power electronic components are developed by the FACTS controlled technologies. In this paper we are implemented an innovative fault detection and mitigation of multilevel inverter by using a static synchronous compensators (STATCOM) due the reasons there are proposed like as 1) they produce less harmonic content injection into the power system; 2) it operated under low voltages then corresponding the voltage stress in the STATCOM is also minimized; 3) it produces minimized lower switching losses; 4) by placing of active and reactive power compensation technique we can maintain and control the harmonics are very effective manner and hence the performance of the system is enhanced. One drawback of this paper the usage of number of power electronic components higher due to this the life time of the system is reduced. Whenever the single switch is damaged, the system does not goes to the entire (2n + 1)-level STATCOM offline. If suppose there reduced number of switches in the STATCOM, it has the capability to control and provide effective controllability to compensate the faulted currents in the multi-level inverters. The range of STATCOM can withstand up to the faulted switches as given as (2n - 1)-level STATCOM. In this implemented paper we can identify the which is under faulted then modified that corresponding switch by implementing the eleven-level STATCOM and the dynamic response of the system is also verified and total harmonic distortion (THD) and active and reactive power compensation techniques are analyzed.
Nucleotide Excision Repair Disorders and the Balance Between Cancer and Aging

Cancer incidence increases with age and is driven by accumulation of mutations in the DNA. In many so-called premature aging disorders, cancer appears earlier and at elevated rates. These diseases are predominantly caused by genome instability and present with symptoms, including cancer, resembling “segments” of aging and are thus often referred to as “segmental progerias”. Two related segmental progerias, Cockayne syndrome (CS) and trichothiodystrophy (TTD), don’t fit this pattern. Although caused by defects in genome maintenance via the nucleotide excision DNA repair (NER) pathway and displaying severe progeroid symptoms, CS and TTD patients appear to lack any cancer predisposition. More strikingly, genetic defects in the same NER pathway, and in some cases even within the same gene, XPD, can also give rise to disorders with greatly elevated cancer rates but without progeria (xeroderma pigmentosum). In this review, we will discuss the connection between genome maintenance, aging and cancer in light of a new mouse model of XPD disease.
Circularly polarized square ring slot patch antennas

The aperture coupled feeding technique has been demonstrated to be effective in enlarging the impedance bandwidth of patch antennas. Moreover, it can improve the Axial Ratio (AR) bandwidth of a circularly polarized (CP) patch antenna [1]. Recently, a novel slot coupling feeding technique has been presented in [2], where the two orthogonal microstrip feeding lines of a dual-linearly polarized patch are coupled to the square radiating square patch through a square ring slot. There, it has been shown that the symmetry properties of the square-slot coupling geometry can give good performance in terms of port isolation and radiation pattern characteristics. In this paper, the coupling technique in [2] has been applied to realize a single-feed CP square patch. Although single-feed CP patches exhibit smaller AR percentage bandwidths with respect to dual-feed CP antennas, their layout is more compact and then suitable for the implementation of electrically large arrays.