Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Yoghurt accelerates the recovery of defence mechanisms against Streptococcus pneumoniae in protein-malnourished mice

Experiments studied the effect of yoghurt on the recovery of defence mechanisms against Streptococcus pneumoniae respiratory infection in malnourished mice. Weaned mice were malnourished with a protein-free diet (PFD) for 21d. Malnourished mice were made replete with a balanced diet (BD), yoghurt, or the BD with supplemental yoghurt (BD+Y) for 7, 14 or 21d. The normal control (NC) group was fed the BD whereas malnourished control (MC) mice consumed only the PFD. Mice were challenged with pneumococci at the end of each dietary treatment. MC mice showed increased susceptibility to pneumococcal infection. Blood leucocytes, phagocyte activity and serum and bronco-alveolar anti-pneumococcal IgG and IgA were significantly lower in the MC than in the NC group. Repletion of malnourished mice with the BD for 21d was necessary to obtain a response to infection similar to that of NC mice; however, administration of the BD+Y for 14d was enough to normalise the immune defence mechanisms. Histological examination of MC lungs showed progressive loss of alveolar architecture. Lung injuries were significantly less pronounced in NC mice. Mice treated with the BD+Y for 14d showed histological signs similar to the NC group. The present study showed that administration of yoghurt to malnourished mice induced an early recovery of the immunological parameters studied. Despite the uncertainties about the mechanisms involved and about the human relevance of the effects observed in animal models, the present study provides a strong rationale for the hypothesis that yoghurt consumption by malnourished hosts will accelerate the recovery of the immune mechanisms involved in the protection against respiratory infections
AVIX: An Improved VIX Based on Stochastic Interest Rates and an Adaptive Screening Mechanism

An improved model‐free implied variation index (AVIX) is proposed in this article. The AVIX is developed under a generalized semi‐martingale process with stochastic interest rates. An adaptive option screening mechanism is proposed to accommodate different market conditions. The effect of dividend protection is also considered. An empirical study of the China 50 ETF option market suggests that the AVIX is a better barometer of aggregate implied variation and investor sentiment than the traditional VIX. It reacts to market changes more rapidly and more sensitively. The AVIX also contains more information about future volatility and provides a more efficient forecast of future realized volatility. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Jrl Fut Mark 37:374–410, 2017
ombined use of NGF / BDNF / bFGF promotes proliferation and ifferentiation of neural stem cells in vitro

Neurotrophic factors can promote the proliferation and differentiation of neural stem cells (NSCs). Here we report that the possibility of using bFGF in combination with BDNF and NGF to promote proliferation and differentiation of NSCs in vitro. C57BL/6 mouse NSCs were cultured, passaged and stained by immunofluorescence for nestin and GFP. According to different neurotrophic factors added to NSCs, seven experiment groups (NGF, BDNF, bFGF, bFGF + NGF, bFGF + BDNF, NGF + BDNF and NGF + BDNF + bFGF) and a blank control group were established. One week after induction and differentiation, results showed that there was significant difference in the percentage of NSCs differentiating into neurons among the experiment groups. The percentage in the multi-factor groups was significantly higher than that in the single-factor groups (p < 0.05), among which the percentage was the highest in NGF + BDNF + bFGF group. ifferentiation In the two-factor groups, the percentage in bFGF + NGF and bFGF + BDNF groups was significantly higher than that in NGF + BDNF group (p < 0.05). The NSCs growth curves showed that cells proliferated continuously with the time of culture prolonging, but there was significant difference between the group containing bFGF and that without bFGF. Our results demonstrate that combined use of NGF/BDNF/bFGF significantly improved the ability of NSCs proliferation and differentiation. © 2014 ISDN. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
The global burden of hepatitis E outbreaks: a systematic review

Hepatitis E virus (HEV) is responsible for repeated water‐borne outbreaks since the past century, representing an emerging issue in public health. However, the global burden of HEV outbreak has not been comprehensively described. We performed a systematic review of confirmed HEV outbreaks based on published literatures. HEV outbreaks have mainly been reported from Asian and African countries, and only a few from European and American countries. India represents a country with the highest number of reported HEV outbreaks. HEV genotypes 1 and 2 were responsible for most of the large outbreaks in developing countries. During the outbreaks in developing countries, a significantly higher case fatality rate was observed in pregnant women. In fact, outbreaks have occurred both in open and closed populations. The control measures mainly depend upon improvement of sanitation and hygiene. This study highlights that HEV outbreak is not new, yet it is a continuous global health problem.
Intracellular free Ca2+ fluxes and responses to phorbol ester in T lymphocytes from healthy elderly subjects

A group of healthy elderly subjects (≥75 years) was selected by the strict criteria of the SENIEUR protocol, and compared with healthy young (≤35 years) volunteers. Mitogenic responses of peripheral blood mononuclear cells to phytohaemagglutinin and anti‐CD3 were significantly reduced in the elderly (P <0.0002), thereby confirming that even though in perfect health, elderly individuals show impaired cell‐mediated immunity. However, no abnormality of intracellular free Ca2+ fluxes could be detected in purified T cells from the elderly subjects when stimulated with anti‐CD3 antibody. Nevertheless, both the proliferative responses of purified T cells to phorbol ester and calcium ionophore (Ionomycin) and the phorbol ester‐induced inhibition of the Ca2+ response were defective in the elderly subjects (p <0.003 and p < 0.0002, respectively). These data suggest that signal transduction and the generation of second messengers proceed normally in T cells from the elderly, but downstream events mediated by activation of protein kinase C are dysfunctional.
Therapeutic hypothermia following resuscitation

Purpose of reviewThe 2010 Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation (CPR) Guidelines recommended therapeutic hypothermia for postcardiac arrest syndrome as a beneficial and effective treatment. However, the optimal temperature, method, onset, duration and rewarming rate, and therapeutic window remain unknown. Recent findingsRecent animal studies have shown that the sooner cooling is initiated after cardiac arrest, the better the outcome. Induction of hypothermia during cardiac arrest before return of spontaneous circulation (ROSC) (intra-arrest cooling) enhances its efficacy. In 2010, the Pre-ROSC IntraNasal Cooling Effectiveness (PRINCE) study and our clinical study of intra-arrest cooling concluded that intra-arrest cooling before ROSC was likely to have neurological benefits while protecting the myocardium for patients with out-of-hospital cardiac arrest. SummaryOne of the most significant advances in CPR treatment in the past decade is therapeutic hypothermia. Although post-ROSC cooling has been shown to improve neurological outcome for patients with out-of-hospital cardiac arrest, intra-arrest cooling during CPR is likely to protect the myocardium from reperfusion injury and enhance neurological benefits.
DOES LEAVING WELFARE IMPROVE HEALTH

Using exceptionally rich linked administrative and survey information on German welfare recipients we investigate the health effects of transitions from welfare to employment and of assignments to welfare-to-work programmes. Applying semi-parametric propensity score matching estimators we find that employment substantially increases (mental) health. The positive effects are mainly driven by males and individuals with bad initial health conditions and are largest for males with poor health. In contrast, the effects of welfare-to-work programmes, including subsidized jobs, are ambiguous and statistically insignificant for most outcomes. Robustness checks that include a semi-parametric instrumental variable approach do not provide reasons for concern.
STRATEGI RUMAH SAKIT DALAM MENGHADAPI KRISIS PUBLIC RELATIONS MENURUT PERSPEKTIF FIQH MUAMALAT

The hospital is a complex organization and That Is Solid BECAUSE nature of capital, Solid Labor, Technology and ALSO Solid Solid problems. The hospital is a place of health promotion, prevention and cure of disease, improving health and Recovery Patients Performed multi-Discipline BY VARIOUS Posted professionally educated and trained group of Discipline concerning medical, legal, economic, social, and management. Consumer complaints against hospitals, CAN cause problems For hospitals The AS is known crisis public relations. A crisis can be defned as Extraordinary Events OR circuit events affecting the integrity of products, as well as the organization’s reputation Financial Stability, OR From the worker’s health, community, public OR IN area. Step Management of Crisis PR include (1) MAKE draft development strategy Management of Crisis PR (aktiitas Preparation, directing conduct, a statement holding prepare, prepare PT response, development of strategies to prepare Intermediaries Media.), (2) Implementation Phase (do Communication storey, alternative location determining, updating statement holds). Public Relations Management Activity husband studied CAN BE Fiqh Muamalat through Law Shulhu OR mediation. Keywords: hospital, PR crisis management, fqh muamalah, Shulhu
Research of power supply and cooling mode for node room under 5G network architecture

With the arrival of 5G communication era, a large number of core network equipments and transmission equipments with high power density and high performance are used in the node rooms. In the era of 5G, there's a groundswell in the requirement of safety, stability and reliability for node room. At present, the main short board of the node room is the capacity of the power supply and air conditioning system. The monitoring system also needs to be improved. In order to develop 5G communication business successfully, we studied the power supply, refrigeration and monitoring model of the node room in this project. From architecture of the uninterrupted power supply system and continuous air conditioning system, to the model of monitoring system, we have developed a series of new power architectures and new standards for operation and maintenance mode. According to the result of the pilot project, the power supply and cooling mode can meet the needs of node room under 5G network architecture.
Cell-free DNA as a prognostic marker in stage I non-small-cell lung cancer patients undergoing stereotactic body radiotherapy

Abstract Objective: To evaluate whether plasma cell-free DNA (cfDNA) was related to clinical outcome in inoperable stage I non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients undergoing stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT). Materials and methods: Plasma cfDNA was assessed at baseline, before the last day and 45 days after the end of SBRT, in 22 NSCLC patients. Twenty-two healthy controls were also evaluated. Results: Plasma cfDNA was higher in patients than in controls. An association with unfavourable disease-free survival was found for continuous baseline cfDNA increments (HR = 5.9, 95%CI: 1.7–19.8, p = 0.04). Conclusion: Plasma cfDNA may be a promising prognostic biomarker in high-risk NSCLC patients.
Genetic Analysis of Synphilin-1 in Familial Parkinson's Disease

alpha-Synuclein is present in Lewy bodies of patients with both sporadic and familial Parkinson's disease. However, pathogenic mutations Ala30Pro and Ala53Thr in alpha-synuclein are rare causes of disease. Synphilin-1 has been demonstrated to associate with alpha-synuclein and promote the formation of cytosolic inclusions in vitro. Two-point genetic linkage analysis of a dinucleotide repeat within the synphilin-1 gene initially implicated this locus as a cause of Parkinson's disease in three of nine families. However, subsequent haplotype, sequencing, and association analyses in these three families and an independent case-control series suggest that variability within the locus does not confer susceptibility to Parkinson's disease.
Decubitus ulcers: A review of the literature

Decubitus ulcers are a worldwide health care concern affecting tens of thousands of patients and costing over a billion dollars a year. Susceptibility to pressure ulcers comes from a combination of external factors (pressure, friction, shear force, and moisture), and internal factors (e.g. fever, malnutrition, anaemia, and endothelial dysfunction). Often, enough damage is done to create the basis for a decubitus ulcer after as little as 2 h of immobility, a situation which may be difficult to avoid if the patient must undergo prolonged surgery or remain bedridden. Damage owing to pressure may also occur hours before the patient receives medical attention, especially if the patient falls or becomes immobilized owing to a vascular event. Several classification systems for decubitus ulcers have been described, based on where injury first occurs. The histologic progression of decubitus ulcers is a dynamic process involving several stages, each having characteristic histologic features. A team‐focused approach integrating all aspects of care, including pressure relief, infection control, nutrition, and surgery, may improve healing rates. With accurate risk assessment and preventative care, we can hope to minimize complications and mortality owing to decubitus ulcers.
Quality of Life in Adolescents With Type 1 Diabetes Who Participate in Diabetes Camp

Quality of life in adolescents with Type 1 diabetes is a growing area of interest in pediatric research. The complex diabetes regimen imposes challenges for an adolescent. Adolescents diagnosed with diabetes are a group that appears to be at risk for having a poor health-related quality of life. Although research supports the positive relationship of social support and well-being in adolescents, there are few studies discussing quality of life in adolescents that are based on the factor of social support. This study compared the quality of life in adolescents with Type 1 diabetes who have attended at least one diabetes camp to the quality of life of those who have never attended diabetes camp. Results provided evidence of the value of social support.
Bitcoin: a beginning of a new phase?

Although financial experts have often criticized Bitcoin for being too volatile as an asset and an independent electronic currency, the volatility of Bitcoin has declined at a rapid pace since January 2015. This study addresses if Bitcoin enters a new phase. Many extensions of GARCH have been carried out to adequately estimate Bitcoin price dynamics. Our results suggest that despite maintaining a moderate volatility, Bitcoin remains typically reactive to negative rather than positive news. Bitcoin market is still, therefore, far from being mature.
Exercise hyperaemia in the heart: the search for the dilator mechanism

Coronary blood flow is tightly coupled to myocardial oxygen consumption to maintain a consistently high level of myocardial oxygen extraction over a wide range of physical acitivity. This tight coupling has been proposed to depend on periarteriolar oxygen tension, signals released from cardiomyocytes (adenosine acting on KATP channels) and the endothelium (prostanoids, nitric oxide, endothelin) as well as neurohumoral influences (catecholamines, endothelin), but the contribution of each of these regulatory pathways, and their interactions, to exercise hyperaemia in the human heart are still incompletely understood. Thus, in the human heart, nitric oxide, prostanoids, adenosine and KATP channels each contribute to resting tone, but evidence for a critical contribution to exercise hyperaemia is lacking. In dogs KATP channel activation together with adenosine and nitric oxide contribute to exercise hyperaemia in a non‐linear redundant fashion. In contrast, in swine nitric oxide, adenosine and KATP channels contribute to resting coronary resistance vessel tone control in a linear additive manner, but are not mandatory for exercise hyperaemia in the heart. Rather, exercise hyperaemia in swine appears to involve KCa channel opening that is mediated, at least in part, by exercise‐induced β‐adrenergic activation, possibly in conjunction with exercise‐induced blunting of an endothelin‐mediated vasoconstrictor influence. In view of these remarkable species differences in coronary vasomotor control during exercise, future studies are required to determine whether exercise hyperaemia in humans follows a canine or porcine control design.
Precision and variability of hindlimb representation in cat dorsal horn and implications for tactile localization.

1. One hundred fifty-eight cells were recorded extracellularly in rows of tracks spanning both left and right dorsal horns, at segmental boundaries and midsegment in segments L5-S1, in six anesthetized cats. For each cell the low-threshold cutaneous mechano-receptive field was determined with the use of hand-held probes, and the recording site was marked with a microlesion. Recording sites were reconstructed, and the mediolateral (ML) and rostrocaudal (RC) locations of each cell were recorded along with the location of the cell's receptive field, expressed as distance from tips of toes (D). 2. Ninety-five percent of pairs of cells recorded from bilaterally symmetric locations (+/- 10%) in the same animal had receptive fields on opposite legs that had components that were mirror symmetric. Only 42% of cell pairs deviating from bilateral symmetry by approximately +/- 240 microns had receptive fields with overlapping components. This indicated that there was a substantial bilateral symmetry that was not simply due to large receptive fields. 3. The trajectories of receptive fields of cells in a single row of tracks were plotted in order of mediolateral recording site, going from medial to lateral, combining both sides. These trajectories followed a distoproximal course on the leg. Of 144 adjacent cells used to plot these trajectories, with an average spacing of approximately 120 microns, only 6 reversals of the distoproximal gradient polarity were observed within animals. 4. Data from individual animals were shifted rostrally and caudally, to obtain best agreement of mediolateral somatotopic gradients with the combined data from the other animals in the sample. Best agreement was obtained with shifts ranging from 0.3 segment rostral to 0.4 segment caudal, with an average absolute value shift of 0.22 segment. 5. By comparing cell pairs within the same dorsal horn, on opposite sides of the same animal, and across animals, variability in cell placement given the average map and the receptive field could be calculated. Interanimal variability and bilateral asymmetry were approximately +/- 60 microns, and within-dorsal horn variability was approximately +/- 35 microns. The interanimal variability is equivalent to a variability of distoproximal receptive-field location on the leg of +/- 13 mm, with a smaller variability in areas of high magnification (e.g., the toes), and a larger variability in areas with small magnification (e.g., the thigh). This degree of variability is consistent with the ability of animals with transected dorsal columns to localize tactile stimuli with a normal degree of precision.
Are Physicians Ready for Patients With Internet-Based Health Information?

Background An increasing number of patients bring Internet-based health information to medical consultations. However, little is known about how physicians experience, manage, and view these patients. Objective This study aimed to advance the understanding of the effects of incorporating Internet-based health information into routine medical consultations from physicians’ perspectives, using a qualitative approach. Methods Six focus groups were conducted with 48 family physicians practising in Toronto. The data were analyzed using qualitative methods of content analysis and constant comparison, derived from grounded theory approach. Results Three overarching themes were identified: (1) perceived reactions of patients, (2) physician burden, and (3) physician interpretation and contextualization of information. Physicians in our study generally perceived Internet-based health information as problematic when introduced by patients during medical consultations. They believed that Internet information often generated patient misinformation, leading to confusion, distress, or an inclination towards detrimental self-diagnosis and/or self-treatment. Physicians felt these influences added a new interpretive role to their clinical responsibilities. Although most of the physicians felt obliged to carry out this new responsibility, the additional role was often unwelcome. Despite identifying various reactions of patients to Internet-based health information, physicians in our study were unprepared to handle these patients. Conclusion Effective initiatives at the level of the health care system are needed. The potential of Internet-based health information to lead to better physician-patient communication and patient outcomes could be facilitated by promoting physician acknowledgment of increasing use of the Internet among patients and by developing patient management guidelines and incentives for physicians.
Recruitment Patterns of the Scapular Rotator Muscles in Freestyle Swimmers with Subacromial Impingement

Athletes with shoulder pathology consistently demonstrate abnormalities in scapular rotator activity, suggesting that muscle dysfunction is a factor to consider in the aetiology or recurrence of shoulder pain. However, one important measure of the coordinated activity between the scapular rotators, their timing or temporal recruitment pattern, remains undetermined. The purposes of this study were to 1. provide normative data on the temporal recruitment pattern of the scapular rotators in freestyle swimmers, 2. determine the effect of a unilateral shoulder injury on this pattern, 3. determine whether these effects extend to the non-injured side, and 4. determine the effect of injury on the consistency (variability) of muscle recruitment. Surface EMG data for the upper and lower trapezius and serratus anterior were recorded bilaterally from two groups of competitive freestyle swimmers during controlled bilateral elevation in the plane of the scapula. An injured group comprising nine swimmers with unilateral shoulder pathology and a control group of nine non-injured swimmers were included. Temporal data determined for the onset of muscle activation for each muscle were then compared between groups using an ANOVA and a one-sided F test. The results of the study indicate that in non-injured swimmers, upper trapezius is activated 217 ms prior to shoulder motion, followed by serratus anterior activation 53 ms after motion commences. Lower trapezius was not recruited until 349 ms after shoulder motion, when the arm had attained 15 degrees elevation. In injured swimmers, all three muscles on the injured side displayed significantly increased variability in the timing of activation (p < 0.05), whilst the serratus anterior was significantly delayed in its activation on the non-injured side (p < 0.05). Skill hand preference was shown to have no effect on muscle recruitment. The findings of this study indicate that a relationship does exist between shoulder injury and the temporal recruitment patterns of the scapular rotators, such that injury reduces the consistency of muscle recruitment. They further suggest that injured subjects have muscle function deficits on their unaffected side.