Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
New biomarkers and treatment strategies in renal cell cancer

introduction VEGF-targeted therapy is currently the first line treatment for patients with metastatic clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC), but most patients either display primary (intrinsic) resistance or acquire drug resistance. In recent years multiple mechanisms of resistance to VEGF-targeted therapy emerged from preclinical research, but it is currently unknown to what extent these drug resistance modalities play a role in the clinic. Here we reviewed the current literature on biomarkers that predict treatment outcome in patients with ccRCC to gain insight in clinical drug resistance mechanisms. Methods A search syntax was compiled by combining different synonyms of “biomarker” AND “renal” AND “cancer”. MEDLINE was accessed through pubmed, where this syntax was entered and used to search titles and abstracts of publications. Articles were selected based on three criteria: (1) description of patients with clear cell RCC, (2) treatment with VEGF targeted therapy and (3) discussion of biomarkers that were studied for potential association with treatment response. results The literature search was performed on March 4th 2014 and yielded 1882 articles. After carefully reading the titles and abstracts based on the three previously mentioned criteria, 103 publications were evaluated. Backward citation screening was performed on all eligible studies and revealed another 24 articles. This search revealed that (1) High glucose uptake and low contrast enhancement on PETand CT-imaging before start of treatment may correlate with poor response to therapy, (2) Low dose intensity due to treatment intolerance is related to shorter progression free survival. (3) Acquired resistance appears to be associated with rebound vascularization based on both longitudinal monitoring of contrast enhancement by CT and blood vessel counts in tumor tissue, and (4) Based on plasma cytokine and single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) studies, interleukin-8, VEGFR-3, FGFR2 and HGF/MET emerged as potential clinical markers for drug resistance. Conclusion Low dose intensity, specific tumor-imaging techniques and potential biological biomarkers are predictive for response to VEGF-targeted therapy in ccRCC. These biomarkers provide more insight into the underlying mechanisms of resistance such as altered glucose metabolism and rapid rebound vascularization
The linear isotropic Cosserat (micropolar) model

General continuum models involving independent rotations have been introduced by the Cosserat brothers [9] at the beginning of the last century. Their originally nonlinear, geometrically exact development has been largely forgotten for decades only to be rediscovered in a restricted linearized setting in the early sixties [15, 13, 45, 46, 21, 33, 42, 47]. Since then, the original Cosserat concept has been generalized in various directions, notably by Eringen and his coworkers who extended the Cosserat concept to include also microinertia effects and to rename it subsequently into micropolar theory. For an overview of these so called microcontinuum theories we refer to [14, 12, 8, 7, 31, 39]. The Cosserat model includes in a natural way size effects, i.e., small samples behave comparatively stiffer than large samples. In classical, size-independent models this would lead to an apparent increase of elastic moduli for smaller samples of the same material. The micropolar theory can explain and analyze more efficiently the diagonal fracture plane under compressive loading for heterogeneous materials, e.g., sand, soil and high porous rock, as compared to the classical continuum theory [48, 44, 1, 2, 23, 17]. Of course, other theories can also provide the micro-rotations of particles and their localizations on the shear bands, e.g., via 2D numerical methods [3, 4]. Unfortunately, the direct measurement of micro-rotation of particles is not achievable with high accuracy but one can measure the displacements in the diagonal fracture plane by means of stereo-photometric methods [10]. The micropolar theory can also be viewed as a generalized continuum theory in which microstructure details are averaged out by a ”characteristic internal length scale” Lc [6, 5, 41, 16]. This last parameter can be considered as the size of a representative volume element (RVE) in heterogeneous media and it is frequently used to model damage phenomenon in concrete [40, 32]. a dislocated single crystal is another example of a Cosserat continuum for which lattice curvature is due to geometrically necessary dislocations [38]. The mathematical analysis establishing well-posedness for the infinitesimal strain, Cosserat elastic solid is presented in [24, 11, 22, 19, 20] and extended in [27, 25, 26] for so called linear microstretch models. This analysis has always been based on the uniform positivity of the free quadratic energy of the Cosserat solid. The first author has extended the existence results for both the Cosserat model and the more general micromorphic models to the geometrically exact, finite-strain case, see e.g. [37, 34, 36]. More on the mathematical analysis for the nonlinear case can be found in [30, 43] The important problem of the determination of Cosserat material parameters for continuous solids with random microstructure is still a major unsolved problem both analytically and practically. In the linear, isotropic case there are the classical linear elastic Lamé moduli μ and λ
Solving the Simplified MCH Equation and the Combined KdV-mKdV Equations

This paper is concerned with the traveling wave solutions and analytical treatment of the simplified MCH equation and the combined KdV-mKdV equations. Based on tan ( Φ(ξ) 2 ) -expansion method the solution procedure of nonlinear evolution equations in mathematical physics are investigated. We obtained the exact solutions for the aforementioned nonlinear evolution equations. These solutions containing three types hyperbolic function solution, trigonometric function solution and rational solution. This method is developed for searching exact travelling wave solutions of nonlinear partial differential equations. It is shown that this method, with the help of symbolic computation, provide a straightforward and powerful mathematical tool for solving nonlinear partial differential equations.
Mitigating False AccusationMulticast Routing i

Wireless mesh network (WMN) are reliable, multiradio, multihop next generation wireless networks which are capable of delivering high throughput demanded applications through the integration of various technologies. WMN delivers efficient services for a large variety of applications on local, personnel and campus environments. Multicasting is one of the major communication technologies primarily designed for bandwidth conservation and an efficient way of transferring data to a group of receivers in wireless mesh networks. Despite of the vantages of the WMN there can be several issues that affect the entire and the false accusations raised by the nodes. A mere way to identify the malicious node is to collect the information from nodes in the entire network. Nevertheless, in the above said approach, i the valid accusations made by legitimate nodes from false accusations made by malicious nodes. Also, the amount of traffic needed in order to exchange peculiar information on attackers and the necessary time to information increases as the network size becomes more prominent. In this paper, we propose a certificate revocation mechanism which is able to revoke the certification of attackers in a limited period of time with a small amount of controlling traffic. By the clustering of nodes and introduction of multi proposed scheme can mitigate the improper certificate revocation due to false accusations by malicious users.
Performance and Emission Characteristics of a CI Engine Using Alumina Nano Additive Castor Oil Biodiesel- Diesel Blends

1PG Scholar, Department of Mechanical Engineering, GMRIT, Rajam, Andhra Pradesh, India 2Associate Professor, Department of Mechanical Engineering, GMRIT, Rajam, Andhra Pradesh, India ---------------------------------------------------------------------***--------------------------------------------------------------------Abstract In this experimental investigation alumina (Al2O3) nanoparticles were added to castor oil methyl ester (CME20) in different proportions to find out the performance and emission characteristics of a single cylinder, four stroke, high speed diesel engine. Castor oil methyl ester was produced by transesterification process and bended with diesel. The nanoparticles were agitated with the aid of ultrasonicator to attain uniform suspension. The experiments were conducted on a high speed diesel engine at a constant speed of 1500 rpm using different blends of alumina doped castor oil methyl ester (CME20+50ppm Al2O3) and (CME20+100ppm Al2O3) and the results were compared with the neat diesel. The experimental results showed that a substantial enhancement in brake thermal efficiency (BTE) and a marginal reduction in the harmful pollutants (such as HC, CO) for the nano additive biodiesel blends.
A Study on Energy-Efficient Protocol in MANET

A mobile wireless infrastructure-less network is a collection of wireless mobile nodes dynamically forming a temporary network without the use of any already available centralized administration. Nodes battery lifetime is very limited in adhoc network. In case if the battery power of node exhausted then it leads to several subdivisions in network. Therefore these subdivided nodes make the censorious spot in the network. These critical nodes can exhaust their battery power earlier because of excessive load and processing for data forwarding. The imbalance in generated loads increases the possibility of failure in network nodes, decreases the route lifetime, make partitions in network and decreases route reliability of the MANETs. Due to this, energy consumption issue becomes a vital research topic in wireless infrastructure -less networks. The power aware routing is a most important design technique for MANETs. This review is based on the routing techniques that are based on the minimization of energy usage of individual nodes and many other ways. This review presents various power aware routing mechanisms proposed for wireless infrastructure-less networks. The main aim of the study of power aware protocol is to help the new researchers and application developers to explore an innovative idea for designing more efficient routing protocols.
The Feasibility And Validity Of Novel Dietary Assessment Methods In A Pre-School Setting

To properly evaluate initiatives targeting children’s fruit and vegetable (FV) consumption, we need feasible and valid dietary assessment methods that are time, cost, and resource effective. The objectives of this study were to test the feasibility and validity of two methods, digital imaging (DI) and aggregate plate waste (APW), for assessing children’s FV consumption. UVM dietary assessment team graduate students prepared and distributed FV snacks in two pre-school classrooms over 30 consecutive school days. Feasibility of APW was tested by recording the frequency and weight of waste sorting errors by pre-school children and performing paired t-tests comparing uncorrected and corrected FV waste. Feasibility was tested for DI by determining the total number of individual FV snacks from which FV consumption could be estimated using the digital images. Validity was tested for DI using paired t-tests to compare FV consumption as assessed by DI against actual consumption as assessed by weighed plate waste (WPW). A total of 159 cluster APW weights were recorded during the 20 days of APW collection, with an overall mean difference of 0.57 grams (p=0.440) between uncorrected and corrected FV waste. Researchers were able to capture 100-percent usable digital images, effectively displaying 214 individual FV snack servings over the 10-day DI study period. Percent agreement between the two digital image coders was 99.1-percent. DI estimations for individual FV item and cumulative consumption were strongly correlated with WPW (all above r=0.97). Overall FV consumption as estimated by DI differed from WPW by less than one gram, and DI estimations for individual FV items differed from WPW by no more than two grams. Paired t-tests revealed no significant difference between DI estimations of clementine (p=0.954) and peapod (p=0.806) consumption and WPW measurements. However, paired t-tests indicated statistically significant differences between DI and WPW measurements for overall (p=0.001), grape (p=0.031), carrot (p=0.008), and pepper (p=0.027) consumption. Both methods were feasible for assessing mean FV consumption. DI estimations for individual FV items and cumulative consumption were strongly correlated with WPW, suggesting that despite statistical significance between DI and WPW measurements in some cases, the DI method is still precise for mean FV consumption evaluation. APW may be especially advantageous for rapid and efficient evaluation of behavior change in response to interventions targeting children’s FV consumption. Due to ease of administration and instantaneous results, the APW method reduces the need for trained research staff to be present, drastically increasing accessibility to group-level dietary assessment.
Bi-Gram based Probabilistic Language Model for Template Messaging

work reports the benefits of Statistical Machine Translation (SMT) in template messaging domain. SMT has become an actual and practical technology due to significant increment in both the computational power and storage capacity of computers and the availability of large volumes of bilingual data. Through SMT a sentences written with misspelled words, short forms and chatting slang can be corrected. The problem of machine translation is to automatically produce a target-language (e.g., Long form English) sentence from a given source-language (e.g., Short form message) sentence. SMS Lingo is a language used by youngsters for instant messaging or for chatting on social networking websites called chatting slang. Such terms often originate with the purpose of saving keystrokes. This work presents a pioneering step in designing Bi-Gram based back-off decoder for template messages. Among the different machine translation approaches, the Probabilistic N- gram-based system has proved to be comparable with the state-of-the-art phrase-based systems. In N-gram Language Model N words are used to find the context of a word. In this work, Bi-gram LM is used. First LM is trained with bi-lingual parallel word aligned corpus to get Probability Distribution Tables (Bi-gram PDT and Uni-gram PDT). Back-off decoder along with these PDTs is then employed to translate template messages into full form text. Idea behind this work is to deal with text normalization as a translation task with the Bi-gram-based system. The main goal behind this project is to analyze the improvement in efficiency of Language Model as the size of bilingual corpus increases. This work will help researchers as a lead way in the field of N-Gram Probabilistic Machine Translation and Human Computer Interaction. This work will help users to combine multiple languages with larger vocabulary and is a useful tool for small devices like mobile phones. It is also a time saver for those who cannot operate the keys efficiently. Machine learning and translation systems, dictionary and textbook preparations, patent and reference searches and various information retrieval systems are the main applications of the work.
Privacy in Augmented Location based Services- A Paradox

The world is on the threshold of taking technology to an allnew level. With Augmented Reality (AR) applications taking over the markets at a rapid pace, the thin line difference between user interface and the physical world seems to have been obliterated almost completely. Though this has completely revolutionized the way users and technology evangelists have started thinking and simplified the way of looking at the world, it comes with its own perilous security and privacy implications. Amongst the numerous domains into which AR has divulged, the most sensitive sphere includes Location Based Services (LBS). This has been prophesied as a reason to rethink and worry about, however, the development is still on the rise and little has been looked into protecting users‟ privacy. This paper will delve into issues that raise a concern in terms of privacy and some suggestive measures that could be taken into consideration.
The Physiology of Amylin and Insulin

Glucose homeostasis is accomplished through intricate, and arguably, elegant interactions among several organs and hormones. Historically, glucose homeostasis has been viewed somewhat narrowly-insulin from pancreatic β cells regulated glucose disposal, while glucagon from pancreatic β cells regulated glucose appearance during fasting states. But more recent characterization and understanding of the role of incretin hormones from the gut-notably, glucagon-like peptide 1 and gastric inhibitory polypeptide-and amylin from pancreatic β cells has led to a more complete model of glucose homeostasis. Furthermore, availability of pharmacologic agents to replace, mimic, or enhance the actions of these hormones allows application of this more complete model of glucose homeostasis to the treatment of type 1 and type 2 diabetes. This article provides an overview of the role of the pancreatic hormone amylin in glucose homeostasis and of Pramlintide, a analogue of native amylin, recently approved as adjunct therapy to insulin in people with type 1 and type 2 diabetes.
Secured and Transparent Computerized Voting System accessible everywhere

: Aiding the user to have secured voting system is a must. Early regular voting systems have many drawbacks like the overcrowding of people in the polling stations and hence the traffic problems. The need for great amount of documents that are vulnerable, exposed to forgery, also the difficulty of achieving votes counting, analysis are considered as drawbacks for regular voting systems. This work presents a new smart system for voting process to be secured and transparent. We will call it "Secured and Transparent Computerized Voting system (STCVS)". "STCVS" system could eliminate counterfeiting, hacking. Also, while accessing it from any location, this would save the time spent for voting processes and countries economic performance would be better. Finally, "STCVS" system assures that user's vote will be his own opinion, not influenced by any others. [
Two new methods for identifying proteins based on the domain protein complexes and topological properties.

The recognition of essential proteins not only can help to understand the mechanism of cell operation, but also help to study the mechanism of biological evolution. At present, many scholars have been discovering essential proteins according to the topological structure of protein network and complexes. While some proteins still can not be recognized. In this paper, we proposed two new methods complex degree centrality (CDC) and complex in-degree and betweenness definition (CIBD) which integrate the local character of protein complexes and topological properties to determine the essentiality of proteins. First, we give the definitions of complex average centrality (CAC) and complex hybrid centrality (CHC) which both describe the properties of protein complexes. Then we propose these new methods CDC and CIBD based on CAC and CHC definitions. In order to access these two methods, different Protein-Protein Interaction (PPI) networks of Saccharomyces cerevisiae, DIP, MIPS and YMBD are used as experimental materials. Experimental results in networks show that the methods of CDC and CIBD can help to improve the precision of predicting essential proteins.
All-electrically tunable networks of Majorana bound states

Second-order topological superconductors (SOTSs) host localized Majorana fermions and provide a new platform for topological quantum computation. We propose a feasible way to realize networks based on SOTSs which allow one to nucleate and braid Majorana bound states (MBSs) in an all-electrical manner without fine-tuning. The proposed setups are scalable in a straightforward way and can accommodate any even number of MBSs. Moreover, the MBSs in the networks allow defining qubits whose states can be initialized and read out by measuring Josephson currents flowing between SOTS islands. Our proposal can be implemented in monolayers of $\text{FeTe}{}_{1\ensuremath{-}x}{\text{Se}}_{x}$, monolayers of $1{T}^{\ensuremath{'}}\text{\ensuremath{-}}{\mathrm{WTe}}_{2}$, and inverted Hg(Cd)Te quantum wells in proximity to conventional superconductors.
Dirac–Coulomb operators with general charge distribution I. Distinguished extension and min-max formulas

This paper is the first of a series where we study the spectral properties of Dirac operators with the Coulomb potential generated by any finite signed charge distribution μ. We show here that the operator has a unique distinguished self-adjoint extension under the sole condition that μ has no atom of weight larger than or equal to one. Then we discuss the case of a positive measure and characterize the domain using a quadratic form associated with the upper spinor, following earlier works by Esteban and Loss. This allows us to provide min-max formulas for the eigenvalues in the gap. In the event that some eigenvalues have dived into the negative continuum, the min-max formulas remain valid for the remaining ones. At the end of the paper we also discuss the case of multi-center Dirac-Coulomb operators corresponding to μ being a finite sum of deltas.
Geometry and Topology of Deep Neural Networks' Decision Boundaries

Geometry and topology of decision regions are closely related with classification performance and robustness against adversarial attacks. In this paper, we use differential geometry and topology to explore theoretically the geometrical and topological properties of decision regions produced by deep neural networks (DNNs). The goals are to obtain some geometrical and topological properties of decision regions for given DNN models, and provide some principled guidances to designing and regularizing DNNs. At first, we give the curvatures of decision boundaries in terms of network weights. Based on the rotation index theorem and Gauss-Bonnet-Chern theorem, we then propose methods to identify the closeness and connectivity of given decision boundaries, and obtain the Euler characteristics of closed ones, all without the need to solve decision boundaries explicitly. Finally, we give necessary conditions on network architectures in order to produce closed decision boundaries, and sufficient conditions on network weights for producing zero curvature (flat or developable) decision boundaries.