Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Adherence to Anticoagulant Therapy in Pediatric Patients Hospitalized With Pulmonary Embolism or Deep Vein Thrombosis

Objectives: The American College of Chest Physicians recommends anticoagulant therapy for at least 3 months in children hospitalized for venous thromboembolism. The objectives of the study were to evaluate the medication utilization patterns and predictors of adherence to anticoagulant therapy in pediatric population. Methods: Texas Medicaid medical and prescription claims from September 1, 2007 to December 12, 2012 were extracted for children (<18 years) hospitalized for pulmonary embolism (PE) or deep vein thrombosis (DVT). The index date was defined as the date of the first prescription of an anticoagulant given within 14 days of discharge. Proportion of days covered (≥80% vs <80%) was used to assess adherence to anticoagulants while controlling for demographics, cause of hospitalization, history of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug use, anticoagulant use, malignancy, drug type, and Charlson comorbidity index (CCI). Key Findings: The patients (n = 60) had a mean (± standard deviation [SD]) age of 14.2 (±4.8) years, were primarily female (56.7%), African American (55.0%), enoxaparin users (58.3%), and had a mean (±SD) CCI of 18.3 (±37.7). The mean (±SD) adherence rates for warfarin and enoxaparin were 85.5% (±22.7%) and 78.7% (±27.8%), respectively. Overall, 66.7% were adherent (≥80%) to anticoagulant therapy. Logistic regression showed that increasing age was significantly associated with adherence to anticoagulant therapy, after controlling for other covariates (odds ratio = 1.5, 95% confidence interval = 1.13-1.85). Conclusion: Nearly one-third of the pediatric patients on anticoagulant therapy after discharge from PE or DVT were still nonadherent. Further research is needed to highlight the factors responsible for nonadherence in pediatric patients.
High Dynamic Range Microwave Photonic Links for RF Signal Transport and RF-IF Conversion

Two different techniques were used to extend the dynamic range of analog optical links operating at microwave frequencies. The link noise figure was reduced by adjusting the bias point of an external Mach-Zehnder intensity modulator. The link distortion was reduced by linearizing the transfer function of the intensity modulator. Frequency conversion was implemented using an additional optical modulator and electrical local oscillator rather than a conventional electronic mixer. A microwave frequency signal transport link was demonstrated with a spur-free dynamic range (SFDR) of 71 dB in a 500-MHz noise bandwidth. A link with down-conversion from a microwave frequency to an intermediate frequency was demonstrated with an SFDR of 64 dB in a 500-MHz noise bandwidth.
Family Caregiving of Older Chinese People With Dementia: Testing a Model

Background:The process of taking care of older people with dementia at home is complex and influenced by cultural factors, necessitating a better understanding of the interrelationships of factors within the context of culture. Objectives:The aim of this study was to test the proposed Dementia Caregiving Model, specifying how caregiving appraisal, coping, perceived social support, and familism influence the impact of caregiving stressors on the psychological health of caregivers. Methods:A cross-sectional correlational design with a convenience sample (n = 96) from three outpatient clinics of hospitals in China was used. Questionnaires were utilized to measure the variables in the model. Path analysis was used to assess model fit and paths. Results:The original proposed model did not fit the data, butminor modifications produced a very good model fit (&khgr;2(10, n = 96) = 8.14, p = . 62; goodness-of-fit index = . 98, comparative fit index = 1.00, and root mean square error of approximation < . 001). Care recipients’ behavioral problems had direct and indirect negative effects on caregivers’ psychological health. Perceived social support had direct and indirect positive effects on caregivers’ psychological health. Familism had indirect positive effects on caregivers’ psychological health in relation with caregiving satisfaction and coping. Caregiving appraisal and coping were mediators in the model. Conclusions:The model findings lend support that caregivers’ cognitive appraisal and coping explain some observed individual differences in stress response and outcomes. The findings broaden understanding of the effects of familism on caregivers’ psychological health. In the future, programs should include interventions for caregivers, as well as interventions for care recipients.
Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder in Adults: Evidence-Based Recommendations for Management

Abstract Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is associated with impairments in educational, occupational, neuropsychological, and social functioning in adults. Successful diagnosis and treatment of the disorder in adults can be a challenge because recent and integrative clinical guidelines are lacking and diagnostic criteria are based on making a retrospective diagnosis of childhood-onset ADHD. To develop evidence-based recommendations for the treatment of ADHD in adults, the scientific literature was reviewed, including primary clinical studies, meta-analyses, and available clinical guidelines. Studies show that stimulant therapy is highly effective and safe in the management of ADHD in adults, with similar response rates to those reported in children at doses that are equivalent on a mg/kg basis. Long-acting stimulants, such as OROS® methylphenidate (OROS® MPH, Concerta®), dexmethylphenidate (d-MPH, Focalin®), and mixed amphetamine salts extended release (MAS XR, Adderall XR®), have durations of action of up to 10 to 12 hours, which permit once-daily dosing. For adults with ADHD who do not respond to stimulant therapy or who have a comorbid condition in which a stimulant is contraindicated, the nonstimulant atomoxetine (Strattera®) may be an appropriate alternative. For many adults, cognitive-behavioral therapy in addition to pharmacotherapy may improve treatment response. Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder medications may increase blood pressure and heart rate in adults, so patients should be monitored.
The Dynamics of Arbitrage: Evidence from the Forward Markets

(a) Jonathan A. Batten, Department of Finance, Hong Kong University of Science & Technology, Sai Kung, Hong Hong, Phone: ++852-2358-7688, Email: jabatten@ust.hk. (b) Wai-Sum Chan, Department of Finance, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, 426D, Leung Kau Kui Building, New Territories, Hong Kong, Phone: +852 2609 7715, Email: waisum@baf.msmail. cuhk.edu.hk. (c) Hon-Lun Chung, School of Accounting and Finance, Office M819, Li Ka Shing Tower, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong, Phone: +852 2766 7029, Email: afalan@inet.polyu. edu.hk (d) Peter G. Szilagyi, Judge Business School, University of Cambridge, Trumpington Street, Cambridge, CB2 1AG, United Kingdom. , Phone: +44(0) 1223 764 026, Email: p.szilagyi@jbs.cam. ac.uk
Wideband radar absorbing panels with lossy multilayer graphene and carbon nanofiber-based coating

A novel lightweight wideband radar absorbing material (RAM) for radio-frequency is developed using a rohacell (RC) panel coated with a film of carbon nanostructures. The coating is produced through the dispersion of either commercial graphene nanoplatelets (GNPs) or carbon nanofibers (CNFs) in 1-propanol and the deposition of the so-obtained colloidal suspension onto the RC surface with a bristle brush. Finally, a polymeric film is deposited over the carbon-based lossy layer in order to protect the lossy coating from the external environment. The electromagnetic properties of the produced panels are investigated through reflection coefficient measurements in the X and Ku bands. It is demonstrated that the RAM with the GNP-based lossy layer has a -10 dB bandwidth of ~7 GHz, but the polymeric top layer degrades its performances, resulting in a minimum reflection coefficient of -9 dB. With the CNF-based lossy layer it is possible to fabricate a RAM with a -10 dB bandwidth of ~10 GHz. The application of the protective layer reduces the bandwidth to ~6 GHz.
Keynésianisme, monétarisme et nouvelle macro-économie classique

Selon une formule heureuse, « Tout ce qui est fondamental est microéconomique, tout ce qui est important est macro-économique », la microéconomie détient la réponse au pourquoi des choses, la macro-économie possède la clé du comment. Dichotomie extrêmement positive qui aura mis plusieurs siècles à émerger et qui doit naturellement sa révélation à l'œuvre de Keynes. La micro-économie traite du fondamental en ce sens qu'elle s'intéresse aux décisions individuelles, qui sont les véritables éléments actifs de la vie économique. La macro-économie manipule l'important puisqu'elle travaille sur des rapports entre grandeurs globales se rapportant à l'ensemble de la collectivité, c'est-à-dire les agrégats. Mais ce qui est intéressant et neuf c'est que, convaincu de l'existence d'une rupture méthodologique micro/macro, on en parvienne à mobiliser les différents moyens de la franchir. Unanimement, les travaux se sont aujourd'hui orientés dans la seule voie logique, celle qui va des comportements individuels aux relations globales, c'est-à-dire à la recherche des fondements micro-économiques de la macroéconomie. S'intéresser donc aux relations qui peuvent s'instaurer entre le keynésianisme, le monétarisme et la nouvelle macro-économie classique est désormais nécessaire. Aussi, si l'environnement des années 90 est caractérisé par la mondialisation de l'économie et de la concurrence, l'évolution galopante des technologies, la montée de la complexité et de l'incertitude, les trente dernières années restent marquées par la quasi-simultanéité de ces phénomènes dont la durée et la généralisation se sont avérées sans précédent. Le keynésianisme a été dominant dans les années 60, le monétarisme dans les années 70 et la nouvelle économie classique dans les années 80. Elles procèdent les unes des autres par opposition. Leur pierre d'achoppement a été le phénomène de stagflation. Le keynésianisme a été vaincu par le monétarisme, qui à son tour a eu à faire face à la nouvelle école classique. Problématique sans doute passionnante mais qui impose, de façon dérobée, l'hypothèse d'une répartition en deux temps successifs. Cet article est structuré de la façon suivante : la première section s'appuie sur le triomphe du monétarisme par rapport au keynésianisme pour faire Ahmadou Lô Gueye
Inhibitory Actions of Acute Estradiol Treatment on the Activity and Quantity of Tyrosine Hydroxylase in the Median Eminence of Ovariectomized Rats

The effects of acute estradiol (E2) treatment on both the activity of tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) in the median eminence and the serum level of prolactin (PRL) were investigated. Twelve‐day‐ovariectomized rats were injected with 17β‐E2 (25μg sc) at 1100 h and sacrificed hourly from 1200 to 2300 h. TH activity was quantified by measuring the amount of exogenous tyrosine converted to L‐DOPA in vitro by aliquots of median eminence homogenates. Serum PRL levels were evaluated by radioimmunoassay. A biphasic response of TH activity to treatment was observed: an immediate decrease occurred—preceding and accompanying a rise in serum PRL—followed by an increase beyond control levels 2 h after the maximal release of PRL. The increase in TH activity could be prevented by the pretreatment of rats with a specific rat PRL antiserum, suggesting it was not due to E2 per se but rather mediated by the E2‐induced PRL elevation. To pin‐point the process underlying the E2‐induced decrease in TH activity, we evaluated the kinetic parameters of TH in the median eminence as well as its quantity (by Western blot analysis) in the median eminence and arcuate nucleus. Finally, we used a sensitive dot‐blot assay to quantify specific TH messenger ribonucleic acid in the arcuate nucleus. The decrease in TH activity after E2 treatment paralleled an immediate decrease in the affinity of TH for its pterin cofactor (6‐MPH4), while Vmax remained unchanged. A decrease in the amount of TH protein in the arcuate nucleus and median eminence as well as in the TH messenger ribonucleic acid level in the arcuate nucleus was also observed, but the latency of these effects precluded a major involvement in the immediate decline of TH activity. Therefore, when observed separately from those of PRL, E2 effects on TH in tuberoinfundibular dopaminergic neurons are clearly inhibitory consisting of a ‘deactivation’ of the enzyme together with a reduction of its synthesis.
DGA DOMAIN NAMES

Recently several different deep learning architectures have been proposed that take a string of characters as the raw input signal and automatically derive features for text classification. Few studies are available that compare the effectiveness of these approaches for character based text classification with each other. In this paper we perform such an empirical comparison for the important cybersecurity problem of DGA detection: classifying domain names as either benign vs. produced by malware (i.e., by a Domain Generation Algorithm). Training and evaluating on a dataset with 2M domain names shows that there is surprisingly little difference between various convolutional neural network (CNN) and recurrent neural network (RNN) based architectures in terms of accuracy, prompting a preference for the simpler architectures, since they are faster to train and less prone to overfitting.
Refining the Intrinsic Chimera Flap: A Review

Reconstruction of complex tissue deficiencies in which each missing component is in a different spatial relationship to each other can be particularly challenging, especially in patients with limited recipient vessels. The chimera flap design is uniquely suited to reconstruct these deformities.Chimera flaps have been previously defined in many ways with 2 main categories: prefabricated or intrinsic. Herein we attempt to clarify the definition of a true intrinsic chimeric flap and provide examples of how these constructs provide a method for reconstruction of complex defects. The versatility of the intrinsic chimera flap and its procurement from 7 different vascular systems is described.A clarification of the definition of a true intrinsic chimera flap is described. In addition, construction of flaps from the lateral femoral circumflex, deep circumflex iliac, inferior gluteal, peroneal, subscapular, thoracodorsal, and radial arterial systems is described to showcase the versatility of these chimera flaps.A true intrinsic chimera flap must consist of more than a single tissue type. Each of the tissue components receives its blood flow from separate vascular branches or perforators that are connected to a single vascular source. These vascular branches must be of appropriate length to allow for insetting with 3-dimensional spatial freedom. There are a multitude of sites from which true intrinsic chimera flaps may be harvested.
A double-blind, placebo-controlled trial assessing the efficacy of levetiracetam extended-release in very heavy drinking alcohol-dependent patients.

BACKGROUND Despite advances in the development of medications to treat alcohol dependence, few medications have been approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration. The use of certain anticonvulsant medications has demonstrated potential efficacy in treating alcohol dependence. Previous research suggests that the anticonvulsant levetiracetam may be beneficial in an alcohol-dependent population of very heavy drinkers. METHODS In this double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled clinical trial, 130 alcohol-dependent patients who reported very heavy drinking were recruited across 5 clinical sites. Patients received either levetiracetam extended-release (XR) or placebo and a Brief Behavioral Compliance Enhancement Treatment intervention. Levetiracetam XR was titrated during the first 4 weeks to 2,000 mg/d. This target dose was maintained during weeks 5 through 14 and was tapered during weeks 15 and 16. RESULTS No significant differences were detected between the levetiracetam XR and placebo groups in either the primary outcomes (percent heavy drinking days and percent subjects with no heavy drinking days) or in other secondary drinking outcomes. Treatment groups did not differ on a number of nondrinking outcomes, including depression, anxiety, mood, and quality of life. The only difference observed was in alcohol-related consequences. The levetiracetam XR treatment group showed significantly fewer consequences than did the placebo group during the maintenance period (p = 0.02). Levetiracetam XR was well tolerated, with fatigue being the only significantly elevated adverse event, compared with placebo (53% vs. 24%, respectively; p = 0.001). CONCLUSIONS This multisite clinical trial showed no efficacy for levetiracetam XR compared with placebo in reducing alcohol consumption in heavy drinking alcohol-dependent patients.
A tale of two islands: population history and mitochondrial DNA sequence variation of Bioko and São Tomé, Gulf of Guinea

The hypervariable segment I of the control region of the mtDNA was sequenced in 45 unrelated individuals from Bioko and 50 from São Tomé, two islands in the Gulf of Guinea that have had very different settlement patterns: Bioko was colonized around 10000 BP, while São Tomé was first settled by the Portuguese, who brought African slaves to the island. Two different patterns of sequence variation are evident and are also clearly a consequence of their very different demographic histories. The Bubi present a low genetic diversity and it is likely that the island was colonized by a small number of individuals with small later migration. São Tomeans might be considered a subset of a mainland African population relocated to the island. They present high genetic diversity with a high number of sequences being shared with many continental populations. This study, with knowledge of the population history in island populations, strengthens the genetic approach to unravel past demographic events.
Effects of barrier‐induced nuclear spin magnetization inhomogeneities on diffusion‐attenuated MR signal

The spatial distribution of the transverse nuclear spin magnetization, appearing in a single compartment with impermeable boundaries in a Stejskal‐Tanner gradient pulse MR experiment, is analyzed in detail. At short diffusion times the presence of diffusion‐restrictive barriers (membranes) reduces effective diffusivity near the membranes and leads to an inhomogeneous spin magnetization distribution (the edge‐enhancement effect). In this case, the signal reveals a quasi‐two‐compartment behavior and can be empirically modeled remarkably well by a biexponential function. The current results provide a framework for interpreting experimental MR data on various phenoma, including water diffusion in giant axons, metabolite diffusion in the brain, and hyperpolarized gas diffusion in lung airways. Magn Reson Med 50:735–742, 2003. © 2003 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Cross-Country Spillovers of Fiscal Consolidations in the Euro Area

This paper revisits the issue of cross-country spillovers from fiscal consolidations using an innovative empirical methodology. We find evidence in support of fiscal spillovers in 10 euro area countries. Fiscal consolidation in one country not only reduces domestic output (direct effect), but also the output of other member countries (indirect/spillover effect). Fiscal spillovers are larger for: (i) more closely located and economically integrated countries, and (ii) fiscal shocks originating from relatively larger countries. On average, 1 percent of GDP fiscal consolidation in 10 euro area countries reduces the combined output by 0.6 percent on impact, out of which half is driven by indirect effects from fiscal spillovers. The impact peters out and becomes insignificant over the medium-term. It is largely driven by tax measures, which have a relatively stronger effect on output compared to expenditure measures. The results are robust to alternative measures of bilateral links across countries.
Prevalence, incidence, and demographics of systemic lupus erythematosus and lupus nephritis from 2000 to 2004 among children in the US Medicaid beneficiary population.

OBJECTIVE To investigate the nationwide prevalence, incidence, and sociodemographics of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and lupus nephritis among children in the US Medicaid beneficiary population. METHODS Children ages 3 years to <18 years with a diagnosis of SLE (defined as ≥3 claims with an International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision [ICD-9] code of 710.0 for SLE, each >30 days apart) were identified from the US Medicaid Analytic eXtract database from 2000 to 2004. This database contains all inpatient and outpatient Medicaid claims for 47 US states and the District of Columbia. Lupus nephritis was identified from ≥2 ICD-9 billing codes for glomerulonephritis, proteinuria, or renal failure, each recorded >30 days apart. The prevalence and incidence of SLE and lupus nephritis were calculated among Medicaid-enrolled children overall and within sociodemographic groups. RESULTS Of the 30,420,597 Medicaid-enrolled children during these years, 2,959 were identified as having SLE. The prevalence of SLE was 9.73 (95% confidence interval [95% CI] 9.38-10.08) per 100,000 Medicaid-enrolled children. Among the children with SLE, 84% were female, 40% were African American, 25% were Hispanic, 21% were White, and 42% resided in the South region of the US. Moreover, of the children with SLE, 1,106 (37%) had lupus nephritis, representing a prevalence of 3.64 (95% CI 3.43-3.86) per 100,000 children. The average annual incidence of SLE was 2.22 cases (95% CI 2.05-2.40) and that of lupus nephritis was 0.72 cases (95% CI 0.63-0.83) per 100,000 Medicaid enrollees per year. The prevalence and incidence rates of SLE and lupus nephritis increased with age, were higher in girls than in boys, and were higher in all non-White racial/ethnic groups. CONCLUSION In the current study, the prevalence and incidence rates of SLE among Medicaid-enrolled children in the US are high compared to studies in other populations. In addition, these data represent the first population-based estimates of the prevalence and incidence of lupus nephritis in the US to date.
LEACH-SCH: An innovative routing protocol for wireless sensor network

Advancement in wireless sensor network gives scope of research in the field of designing routing protocol. In this paper evolution of routing protocol is described with its important classification for wireless sensor network. Energy efficient and reliability are two most important factors while designing the routing protocol. Here survey of different classification of routing protocol is done with the description of classification proposed by Nikolaos[4] into four main schemes: Network Structure Scheme, Communication Model Scheme, Topology Based Scheme and Reliable Routing Scheme. Developed routing protocol named as LEACH-SCH is a multi clustering type of routing protocol for some definite wireless sensor network. The simulation results of proposed protocols are compared for its network life time in MATLAB with LEACH protocol.