Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
From surface realism to training considerations: a proposal for changing the focus in the design of training systems

Abstract Traditionally, it was believed that realistic, high-fidelity simulation could result in effective training-systems. By showing the potentials of low-fidelity simulations, numerous research projects cast doubt on the traditional belief in high-fidelity simulation. Because the construct of fidelity has guided the training-system design for decades, a growing disbelief in fidelity has created a void in design, leaving designers without resources in their decision-making. This article first presents a historical review that shows how fidelity has been used in research and design, and how it was later challenged by researchers. Then, in filling the void of fidelity, attempts at providing design guidelines, such as trainee- and task-analysis, are reviewed and their strengths and limitations are discussed. Toward the end, the lessons from the review are used to call for the creation of design methods. An example of such a method is discussed that uses the videorecording of expert performance as a resource in design.
Photocatalytic Decomposition of Acetaldehyde on Different TiO2-Based Materials: A Review

Purification of air from the organic contaminants by the photocatalytic process has been confirmed to be very perspective. Although many various photocatalysts have been prepared and studied so far, TiO2 is still the most commonly used, because of its advantageous properties such as non-toxicity, relatively low cost and high stability. Surface modifications of TiO2 were extensively proceeded in order to increase photocatalytic activity of the photocatalyst under both UV and visible light activations. The intention of this review paper was to summarize the scientific achievements devoted to developing of TiO2-based materials considered as photocatalysts for the photocatalytic degradation of acetaldehyde in air. Influence of the preparation and modification methods on the parameters of the resultant photocatalyst is reviewed and discussed in this work. Affinity of the photocatalyst surfaces towards adsorption of acetaldehyde will be described by taking into account its physicochemical parameters. Impact of the contact time of a pollutant with the photocatalyst surface is analyzed and discussed with respect to both the degradation rate and mineralization degree of the contaminant. Influence of the photocatalyst properties on the mechanism and yield of the photocatalytic reactions is discussed. New data related to the acetaldehyde decomposition on commercial TiO2 were added, which indicated the different mechanisms occurring on the anatase and rutile structures. Finally, possible applications of the materials revealing photocatalytic activity are presented with a special attention paid to the photocatalytic purification of air from Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs).
Crystal structure of fac-2-((E)-(2-aminoethylimino)methyl)phenolato- κ3N,N',O) tricarbonyl rhenium(I), C12H11N2O4Re

C12H11N2O4Re, triclinic, P1 (no. 2), a = 7.6865(3) Å, b = 9.8671(4) Å, c = 10.2152(4) Å, ' = 99.634(1)°, % = 109.285(1)°, ! = 112.180(1)°, V = 638.3 Å, Z = 2, Rgt(F) = 0.0138, wRref(F ) = 0.0350, T = 200 K.
Factors Influencing Consumers’ Attitude Towards Biopreservatives

Biopreservatives have received considerable attention in recent years as natural alternatives to synthetic preservatives. This seems to be a response to an increased demand for natural and organic foods. This study investigates the potential market for products enriched with biopreservatives in Italy. Data were collected from a sample of Italian consumers (N = 479) using a web-based survey. The main results indicate that 64% of respondents declared themselves to be willing to consume biopreservatives only if they replaced synthetic preservatives. Principal component analysis (PCA) was applied to reduce the number of variables. The factorial scores of the components obtained from PCA were used for a Cluster Analysis related to consumers’ perceptions about biopreservatives. Moreover, the survey highlights that the respondents had positive opinions about biopreservatives, although they showed difficulty in perceiving the exact meaning of the term. The study could provide useful implications for food manufacturers and facilitate the design of marketing strategies for foods enriched with biopreservatives.
Brain Electrical Activity Mapping (BEAM) on Trait Anxiety among Malaysian Chinese Children

Objective - Woefully, the early onset of anxiety disorders had affected children in different aspects throughout their developmental stages. In order to get rid of the increased prevalence rate among children, the biological attributed risk factors for anxiety should be given more concern. Particularly, this research intended to study the biological brain mechanism for trait anxiety among children. With brain electrical activity mapping, this research was aimed to study the relationship between the brain locations situated at the prefrontal cortex and temporal lobe with trait anxiety. Subsequently, this research aimed to predict the associated brain locations for trait anxiety among anxious children. Methodology/Technique – A total of 212 Chinese children from Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia with high trait anxiety was recruited after the first phase of the screening phase through the administration of the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory for Children-Trait Scale (STAIC-T). Recruited children then proceeded to the second phase of brain electrical activity brain mapping with a Quantitative Electroencephalogram (qEEG) brain mapping machine. Finding – Results showed that brain locations Fp1, Fp2, F7, F8, F3, F4, T3, and T4 are significantly correlated with trait anxiety while F8, Fp2, F4, and Fp1 are the significant predictors for trait anxiety among children during on task state. In short, the biological brain mechanism of brain locations played a role in forming the anxious trait the personality of children which resulted in reducing their resilience towards stress. Type of Paper: Empirical JEL Classification: D83, I19 Keywords: Brain Electrical Activity Mapping (BEAM); Children; Chinese; Malaysia; Trait anxiety; Quantitative Electroencephalogram (qEEG) Reference to this paper should be made as follows: Cheong, C.C; Ashari, A; Ibrahim, R; Sulaiman, W.A. W; Yong, K.K. (2020). Brain Electrical Activity Mapping (BEAM) on Trait Anxiety among Malaysian Chinese Children, GATR Global J. Bus. Soc. Sci. Review, 8(4): 246 – 259. https://doi.org/10.35609/gjbssr.2020. 8.4(6)
Fabrication and characterization of entirely inkjet-printed polysilicon thin film transistors

In this paper, the fabrication and material innovation involved in the first and only entirely inkjet-printed polysilicon thin film transistors (TFTs) are described. To form TFT layers, five inkjet printing inks were developed with the goal of fabricating TFTs by using purely additive processing without vacuum deposition or conventional lithography. A silicon ink was developed to form both the channels and polysilicon gates, and boron and phosphorus dopant inks were developed for N+ and P+ doping. In addition, a silver nanoparticle (NP) ink was developed to form interconnect traces, and a palladium chloride ink was formulated to create palladium silicide for the ohmic contacts between the source and the drain. The first N-type metal-oxide-semiconductor (MOS) polysilicon TFT was fabricated with a top-gate self-alignment scheme. This exhibited a mobility of approximately 80 cm2 V s−1. Next, P-type MOS transistors as well as complementary MOS devices were also successfully fabricated.
Combining Statistical, Physical, and Historical Evidence to Improve Historical Sea-Surface Temperature Records

Reconstructing past sea-surface temperatures (SSTs) from historical measurements containing more than 100 million ship-based observations taken by over 500,000 ships from more than 150 countries using a variety of methodologies creates a wide range of historical, scientiﬁc, and statistical challenges. The reconstruction of historical SSTs for studying climate change is particularly challenging because SST measurements are uncertain and contain systematic biases of order 0.1◦C to 1◦C—these systematic biases are in the range of the historical global warming signal of approximately 1◦C. The biases are complicated and have generally been addressed using simpliﬁed corrections. In this review, I introduce a history of SST observations, review a statistical method developed for quantifying SST biases, and illustrate scientiﬁc insights obtained from adjusted SSTs. This article also documents the scientiﬁc journey of my Ph.D. work. As a result, I report personal stories on both successes, difficulties, and setbacks along the way. The statistical method for correcting SSTs (i.e., a linear-mixed-effect intercomparison framework) depends on identifying systematic offsets between intercomparable groups of SST obser-vations. Combining estimated offsets with physical and historical evidence has allowed for correcting discrepancies associated with SSTs, including the North Atlantic warming twice as fast as the North Paciﬁc in the early twentieth century and anomalously warm SSTs during World War II. Corrections also permit better hindcasting of Atlantic hurricanes. I conclude with some discussion on how the SST records might be further improved. Given the importance of SSTs for understanding historical changes in climate, I hope that this review can help others appreciate challenges that are present and spark some interest and ideas for further improvement.
Which Sustainability Dimensions Affect Credit Risk? Evidence from Corporate and Country-Level Measures

Amid growing concern over sustainability issues, there is increasing demand to incorporate environmental and social issues into assessments of credit risk, the possibility of loss resulting from a borrower’s failure to meet their financial obligations. In this paper, we sought to identify empirical evidence of a relationship between sustainability measures and credit risk. We contribute to this literature in three main ways: firstly, by using a measure that considers the financial materiality of sustainability issues across different industries; secondly, by using corporate default swap (CDS) spreads as a market-based measure of credit risk; and thirdly, by exploring the context-dependent nature of the relationship. Though the extent differs across industries, our results suggest risk-reducing effects across several corporate sustainability dimensions: climate change; natural resource use; human capital and corporate governance. Furthermore, we found that country sustainability plays a moderating role in the nexus between corporate sustainability and credit risk. Hence, a one-size-fits-all policy may not be suitable in developing the credit-relevant standardization of sustainability factors. Nevertheless, the robustness of corporate governance throughout our findings suggests that corporations should strengthen governance frameworks and procedures prior to embarking on environmental and social objectives to mitigate credit risk.
Estimation and testing of multivariate random coefficient autoregressive model based on empirical likelihood

Abstract This paper studies the empirical likelihood method for a multivariate first-order random coefficient autoregressive (RCAR(1)) model. Based on the modified least square score equation, empirical likelihood method is used to test the randomness of coefficients and estimate the unknown parameters. First, the limiting distribution of the log empirical likelihood ratio statistic is established. Second, the maximum empirical likelihood estimator is derived and its asymptotic properties are established. Finally, the performances of the estimator are compared with the modified least square estimator via simulation. Furthermore, simulation result shows that the test has the correct size and very good power for all cases considered.
A Secondary-Side Controlled Electric Vehicle Wireless Charger

In this paper, the design procedure of an electric vehicle (EV) wireless charger is presented. Unlike most of the systems available in the literature, the proposed charging system is regulated from the vehicle side. The on-board electrical circuit automatically adapts the resonant compensation to guarantee compatibility with the primary inverter characteristics and achieve high transmission efficiency without communication between sides. Moreover, the proposed control strategy, used to regulate the secondary full active rectifier (FAR), allows the supply of the the EV battery, maximizing the efficiency during the whole charging process.
Synthesis of Thiosemicarbazone Derivatives of Benzo-15-crown-5 and Their Anion Recognition Properties

A series of thiosemicarbazone derivatives of benzo-15-crown-5 were synthesized efficiently at room temperature using hydrogenchloride acid (HCl) as catalyst. Their anion recognition properties of a, b and c were studied, the result show they exhibit highly selective binding and sensing of F−, MeCO2 − and n-C3H7CO2 − in CH3CN (F− > n-C3H7CO2 − > MeCO2 − > > Cl−, Br− and I−). Especially receptor c shows different UV-Vis spectrum of F− from MeCO2 −and C3H7CO2 −, in addition to the color of the solution change from colorless to yellow upon the addition of F−, these two points make it suitable to be used as colorimetric anion sensor to identify fluoride anion from other halide anions and carboxylate anions by naked-eye. The connection between receptor and anion is by hydrogen bonding interactions, the binding ratio is 1:1, which have been confirmed by UV-vis inspection spectra in CH3CN and 1HMR in DMSO-d6.
Role of moist and dry air advection in the development of Mediterranean tropical‐like cyclones (medicanes)

Two tropical‐like cyclones in the Mediterranean Sea, aka medicanes, are analysed herein by means of numerical simulations. The cyclones, which were recently investigated in Miglietta and Rotunno, Quarterly Journal of the Royal Meteorological Society, 2019, 145, are reconsidered in the present study, in which we focus on their respective preconditioning phases. In particular, here we analyse how local evaporation and/or long‐range transport of air masses may precondition the environment where the Mediterranean cyclones form. Numerical simulations indicate a rather different behaviour for the two cyclones. The first medicane (December 13–15, 2005) developed over the southern Mediterranean Sea, in a region of high low‐level humidity content, which existed before the cyclone formation; the air, originally dry over the eastern Balkans and the African mainland, gained humidity during its transit over the sea surface. In contrast, the second medicane (October 6–10, 1996) strongly intensified while benefitting from the intense sea‐surface fluxes due to the outbreak of Tramontane and Cierzo winds near the Balearic Islands, where the cyclone developed. Although limited to just two case studies, these results identify two different mechanisms conducive to an environment favourable for the intensification of medicanes in the western or southern Mediterranean. In addition, the role of dry air near the cyclone core, associated with upper‐tropospheric dry intrusions, is analysed. Sensitivity experiments were performed, constraining the relative humidity in the initial and boundary conditions to values above 50%. The advantage of this strategy is the ability to change the humidity content in the dry regions without modifying the associated strong potential vorticity anomalies. For both cases, we find that the humidity increase had the effect of inducing an earlier onset of cyclone development and of producing stronger, longer‐lasting vortices.
Quality Blues: Indigenous Knowledge of Natural Indigo Identification in Southern China

Background: As one of the oldest traditional dyes, natural indigo is commonly used for centuries by the people worldwide. In the process of indigo production, indigenous people have formed unique knowledge of indigo identification because the indigo identification is crucial for indigo quality control and the dyeing effects. However, such indigenous knowledge is rarely documented and explained. Therefore, the aims of this study were to i) document and assess the indigenous knowledge of local people identifying the natural indigo paste and ii) to explore the characteristics and material basis of such indigenous knowledge.Method: Three ethnobotanical studies were conducted in 2019 and 2020. A total of 283 traditional indigo-paste artisans were interviewed in Guizhou, Yunnan, and Fujian Provinces. Frequency of citation, Mention index, and Fidelity level of each indigo-paste quality criterion were calculated to determine the most commonly used, most recognized, and most important quality criterion. To explore the characteristics and material basis of such traditional knowledge, we analyzed 21 samples we collected by using HPLC, pH and particle size analysis methods.Results: Local people possess unique knowledge to identify natural indigo. After thousands of years, they finally chose four criteria (color, taste, touch, and dyeing ability) and based on this, the nature indigo was divided into five quality grades. The best folk criterion was as following: dark blue with purple-red luster, smooth and difficult to wipe off; it should have a "sweet" or "spicy" taste, and dye cloth easily. It found that the higher the indigo and indirubin contents, especially indirubin content, the better the quality of the indigo paste. Within the 9-12 range, pH of high quality indigo-paste was lower. However, there was no significance difference between particle size and quality.Conclusion: The ancient methods used by the local people for identifying natural indigo are comprehensive and unique. This study revealed the importance of indirubin and pH for assessing the quality of indigo paste by documenting the various folk quality criteria and quantitative experiments. These findings differ from existing synthetic indigo-quality standards. Amid rapid modernization, traditional knowledge remains invaluable in world heritage of humanity that warrants preservation.
Færøsk politik – mellem gamle politiske traditioner og ny forvaltningspraksis

Formelle diskussioner til trods, så fungerer det færøske politiske system de facto som et selvstændigt politisk system, der lovgiver, forvalter og tager beslutninger, der påvirker den enkelte færings liv og muligheder. Denne artikel præsenterer en analyse af det færøske politiske system og en introduktion af politiske tendenser. Det færøske politiske system er et eksempel på et parlamentarisk system med et flerpartisystem, men mens de politiske traditioner er veletablerede, så er forvaltningspraksis af nyere dato. Den politiske dagsorden de sidste mange år har været kendetegnet af politisk polarisering i forhold til fordelingsmæssige og værdipolitiske spørgsmål. Samtidig har der udviklet sig en form for sjælden tværpolitisk enighed i forhold til. Danmark, hvor der ønskes og stilles krav om større indflydelse på den fælles udenrigs- og sikkerhedspolitik.
Perinteinen ja paikallinen tieto maankäytön suunnittelussa – esimerkkinä Enontekiö

Maankäyttö- ja rakennuslaki edellyttää vuorovaikutteisuutta ja paikallisten ihmisten osallistamista maankäytön suunnittelussa. Kokemusperäisen paikallistiedon ja perinteisen tiedon tuominen osaksi suunnitteluprosesseja edistää vuorovaikutteisuutta ja parantaa osallistamista. Biologista monimuotoisuutta koskeva yleissopimus edellyttää perinteisen tiedon huomioimista maankäytön suunnittelussa Suomen saamelaisalueella. Sopimuksen velvoitteiden täyttämiseksi Metsähallitus on ensimmäisenä maailmassa ottanut käyttöön vapaaehtoiset Akwé: Kon -ohjeet. Tarkastelemme tässä tutkimuksessa Akwé: Kon -ohjeiden soveltamiseen liittyviä kokemuksia, sekä kartoitamme kokemusperäisen paikallisen ja perinteisen tiedon sisällyttämiseen maankäytön suunnittelussa liittyviä haasteita. Koska paikallista ja perinteistä tietoa enenevässä määrin kerätään paikkatietomenetelmiä käyttäen, pohdimme myös erityiskysymyksiä, joita osallistavien paikkatietomenetelmien käyttöön saamelaisalueella liittyy. Tutkimus pohjautuu vuosina 2016–2018 Enontekiöllä tehtyyn paikkatietokyselyyn sekä maankäytön parissa toimivien virkamiesten ja paikallisten saamelaisten poronhoitajien haastatteluihin. Paikallisen kokemusperäisen ja perinteisen tiedon sisällyttämiseen osaksi maankäytön suunnitteluprosesseja liittyy edelleen haasteita. Saamelaiset informantit toivat ilmi, että poronhoitolaki ei suojaa riittävästi saamelaista poronhoitoa ja siihen liittyvää ylisukupolvista tietoa. Metsähallituksen suunnittelijat toivat esiin paikallistiedon tarkan paikantamisen tarpeen sekä ongelmat, joita syntyy, kun kokemusperäistä paikallista ja perinteistä tietoa sisällytetään suunnittelujärjestelmiin. Osallistavat paikkatietomenetelmät voivat tarjota toimivan työkalun perinteisen tiedon dokumentointiin, mutta saamelaiseen kulttuuriperintöön ja nautinta-alueisiin liittyy sellaisia ratkaisemattomia kysymyksiä, jotka tekevät tiedon paikantamisen kartoille haasteelliseksi.
The site effects of B or N doping on I-V characteristics of a single pyrene molecular device

Using the non-equilibrium Green’s function method combined with the density functional theory, the electronic transport properties of boron (B) or nitrogen (N) doped pyrene molecular devices are investigated. The results show that effects of B or N doping on I-V characteristics of a single pyrene molecular device are not constant and can be changed by varying doped sites. More importantly, significant negative differential resistance (NDR) behaviors are found in B-doped pyrene molecular devices. The peak-to-valley ratio which is a typical character of NDR behavior is also sensitive to the B doped site.Using the non-equilibrium Green’s function method combined with the density functional theory, the electronic transport properties of boron (B) or nitrogen (N) doped pyrene molecular devices are investigated. The results show that effects of B or N doping on I-V characteristics of a single pyrene molecular device are not constant and can be changed by varying doped sites. More importantly, significant negative differential resistance (NDR) behaviors are found in B-doped pyrene molecular devices. The peak-to-valley ratio which is a typical character of NDR behavior is also sensitive to the B doped site.
Elliptic phase boundaries between smectic and nematic phases

Smectic–nematic phase boundaries that resemble arcs of ellipses can be analyzed by a quadratic expansion in temperature and pressure of the change ΔG of Gibbs function. If the change of entropy or volume is known, ΔG and its first two derivatives can be determined. Data on 8OCB and mixtures of 8OCB and 6OCB and of CB9A and CB7A fit an ellipse well, which suggests that the boundary is an ellipse. The smectic phase is therefore enclosed, which appears to be unique in single‐component systems and to disagree with simple mean‐field theory.
Imposição de riscos e estado do licenciamento das Minas Gerais

Iron mining in Minas Gerais (Brazil) state is a central theme of this paper, from the perspective of neo-extractivism and decision making by public and collegiate bodies with a deliberate imbalance of interests. We briefly set out the territorial occupation conditions of the Quadrilatero Ferrifero [Iron Quadrangle] (and Aquifer) and its contemporary iron ore export structure. We show how the integration and expansion of iron ore extraction and processing facilities has led to the increasing use of large dams/tailings reservoirs.The Samarco, Vale and Anglo American mining companies illustrate the biased forms of State and environmental councils authorization for territorial interventions. In this context, the manoeuvres of involved in interpreting legal provisions lead to suspension and procrastination when it comes to achieving rights. As a consequence, under pressure from mining megaprojects and associated corporate interests risks are imposed on the day-to-day life of communities, which end up living through disaster situations without them necessarily having occurred.