Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Study on Relationship Between Individual Work Value and Work Performance of Civil Servants-Based on the Research in China

Civil servants are the key power to government’s development and social demands. However, present large amount of researches on public HR management mainly study from macro fields such as policy, education and team setup, the study of civil servants’ inner factors and outer work performance is comparatively much less, while the demonstrative study is the least. This paper proposes research hypothesis of civil servants’ work value and work performance on the basis of literature review; with the design of questionnaire, statistics analysis and research, finds the influencing factors and reasons why individual work value affects work performance; gets the specific influencing degree the parameters affect work performance. On the basis of demonstrative study, this paper proposes applicable methods and suggestions for civil servants’ work value on individual work performance management in administration departments, suggestions especially for HR management, screening and selection, stimulating, training and development. Key words: Civil servant; Work value; Work performance
New Deposit Insurance Systems in East Asia

The last decade has seen tremendous growth in the number of deposit insurance systems around the world. This has been particularly noticeable in East Asia, driven by such factors as rapid financial system development, economic crises and a general desire to improve depositor protection and financial stability. Deposit insurance systems have recently been introduced in Hong Kong, Indonesia and Malaysia and are expected to be operational soon in Singapore and Thailand. The People's Republic of China plans, to introduce a deposit insurance system in the near future. Although each of these new systems has been designed to meet specific country and regional circumstances, their designers have sought to adopt evolving good practices in developing their deposit insurance systems. As a result, the systems share similarities in their objectives and design features such as governance, membership, funding and approaches to public awareness. The major differences arise in mandates and coverage limits. In addition, many of the new East Asian systems have had to deal with the challenge of transitioning from blanket guarantees to limited explicit deposit insurance while trying to maintain financial system stability. Finally, given that so many new systems are being set up at similar times the paper explores opportunities for greater information sharing and co-operation among deposit insurers in East Asia.
The online learning community: strategies, problems and issues

Online learning communities are being touted as meeting the needs of distance learners and providing flexibility for on-campus students. Currently expectations are not being realized partly owing to a lack of experience and understanding of how such communities evolve, and the constraints and problems experienced by the learners. In this paper some strategies are identified that will inform designers and lecturers on the creation and sustainability of online learning communities. Problems and issues encountered in the development of a learning community will help to provide further insight into the time and effort needed to develop and sustain online learning communities.
KEPEMILIKAN MANAJERIAL, KEBIJAKAN HUTANG,DAN PENGARUHNYA TERHADAPKEPEMILIKAN SAHAM INSTITUSIONAL(Studi pada Perusahaan Manufaktur di Bursa Efek Jakarta)

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji pengaruh kepemilikan institusional terhadap kebijakan hutang dan kepemlikan manajerial . Penelitian ini merupakan replikasi atas hasil studi yang dilakukan oleh Bathala et al. (1994), yang menyatakan bahwa institutional ownership mempunyai pengaruh yang negatif terhadap debt ratio dan managerial ownership dalam rangka meminimumkan konflik keagenan (agency conflict). Penelitian ini difolcuskan pada perusahaan industri manufaktur yang terdaftar di Bursa Efek Jakarta untuk tahun 1997-2000. Pengumpulan data dilakukan secara pooling dan diperoleh sampel sebanyak 174 perusahaan—tahun. Untuk menguji hipotesis digunakan metode kuadrat terkecil dua tahap (two-stage least squares). Hasil analisis rnenunjukkan bahwa kepemilikan institusional mempunyai pengaruh negatif dan signifikan terhadap rasio hutang dan kepemilikan manajerial. Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa kehadiran kepemilikan institusional dapat menggantikan hutang dan kepemilikan manajerial dalam rangka meminimumkan baiaya keagenan. Berdasarkan hasil pengujian dapat disimpulkan bahwa penelitian ini mendukung penelitian Bathala, et al. (1994) yaitu kehadiran investor institusional dipandang sebagi agen monitoring yang efektif untuk mengawasi tidakan manajer yang bersifat • opportunistik sehinggaT dapat mengurangi biaya keagenan.The purpose of this research is to test the effect of institutional ownership to corporate debt policy and managerial ownership in context of agency theory. This research in based on previous research by Bathala, et al. (1994), which found that institutional ownership influenced the debt ratio and managerial ownership in order to minimize the agency conflict. The research is focused on manufacture company listed in Jakarta Stock Exchange for period of 1997 on 2000. The method of data collection is done by using pooling method and give 174 firm-year observations. This research we use the two- stage least squares method to test hypothesis. The result of this research shows that institutional ownership have the negative and significant effect to the debt ratio and insider ownership. The result reflect that institutional ownership may replace debt and insider ownership in order minimize the agency cost. Based on those result, it can be concluded that this research study by Bathala, et at (1994), which found that institutional investors can be shown an opportunistic effective monitoring agent that can minimize the agency cost.
Comparative genomics of human and non-human Listeria monocytogenes sequence type 121 strains

The food-borne pathogen Listeria (L.) monocytogenes is able to survive for months and even years in food production environments. Strains belonging to sequence type (ST)121 are particularly found to be abundant and to persist in food and food production environments. To elucidate genetic determinants characteristic for L. monocytogenes ST121, we sequenced the genomes of 14 ST121 strains and compared them with currently available L. monocytogenes ST121 genomes. In total, we analyzed 70 ST121 genomes deriving from 16 different countries, different years of isolation, and different origins—including food, animal and human ST121 isolates. All ST121 genomes show a high degree of conservation sharing at least 99.7% average nucleotide identity. The main differences between the strains were found in prophage content and prophage conservation. We also detected distinct highly conserved subtypes of prophages inserted at the same genomic locus. While some of the prophages showed more than 99.9% similarity between strains from different sources and years, other prophages showed a higher level of diversity. 81.4% of the strains harbored virtually identical plasmids. 97.1% of the ST121 strains contain a truncated internalin A (inlA) gene. Only one of the seven human ST121 isolates encodes a full-length inlA gene, illustrating the need of better understanding their survival and virulence mechanisms.
Are Attractive Female Tennis Players More Successful? An Empirical Analysis

This study examines whether there is a relationship between physical attractiveness of professional female tennis players ranked in the top 100 of the tennis world ranking in 2011 and their sporting success in terms of earned prize money and winning probabilities. OLS-regressions reveal a significantly positive relationship between physical attractiveness and sporting success in terms of prize money for the years 2012 and 2013 as well as for the whole career. Furthermore, a logit-model shows that the larger the difference in physical attractiveness is, the higher is the winning probability for the more attractive player in individual matches.
Relation Between Sympathetic Outflow and Vascular Resistance in the Calf During Perturbations in Central Venous Pressure: Evidence for Cardiopulmonary Afferent Regulation of Calf Vascular Resistance in Humans

Vascular studies in humans have advanced the concept that, during orthostatic stress, cardiopulmonary afferents reflexly regulate vascular resistance in the forearm but exert surprisingly little if any effects on vascular resistance in the calf. In contrast, neurophysiological studies have indicated that unloading of cardiopulmonary afferents during lower body negative pressure evokes comparable increases in sympathetic outflow to the muscles of both the forearm and the calf. The aim of this study, therefore, was to determine if alterations in central venous pressure over the physiological range trigger reflex changes in muscle sympathetic outflow that not only are statistically significant but also are large enough to alter vascular resistance in the calf. To accomplish this aim, we measured calf blood flow with plethysmography and simultaneously performed microelectrode recordings of sympathetic outflow to calf muscles in conscious humans during maneuvers designed to alter the loading conditions of the cardiopulmonary afferents. We found that calf vascular resistance increased by 33 ± 7% (mean ± SEM, p<0.05) during decreases in central venous pressure produced by nonhypotensive lower body negative pressure (LBNP) and decreased by 26 ± 5% (p<0.05) during increases in central venous pressure produced by nonhypertensive infusion of normal saline. These changes in calf resistance were at least as large as the changes in forearm resistance evoked by these maneuvers and were accompanied by parallel changes in peroneal muscle sympathetic nerve activity. We performed additional experiments to determine if the increases in sympathetic vasoconstrictor outflow during LBNP were caused not only by deactivation of cardiopulmonary afferents but also by activation of venoarteriolar reflexes caused by distension of leg veins within the negative pressure chamber. Application of LBNP to only one leg caused comparable increases in sympathetic outflow to both legs. Furthermore, without LBNP, venous congestion alone (i.e., inflation of a congesting cuff on the thigh) had no effect on peroneal muscle sympathetic activity. Thus, activation of axonal or spinal venoarterial reflexes in the leg does not explain the observed increases in muscle sympathetic outflow during LBNP. In conclusion, the present findings strongly suggest that the stimulation of skeletal muscleu sympathetic outflow caused mainly by unloading of cardiopulmonary afferents is an important atonomic adjustment to orthostatic stress. In conscious humans, this reflex sympathetic response is accompanied by vasoconstriction in all of the extremities.
Use of Event Studies to Estimate Brand Value: A Comparison of Methodologies

Stock market event studies are often used to estimate the impact of an unanticipated event on stock returns of a company. Traditionally, these analyses focus on developing estimates of abnormal returns attributed to the event or some measure of post-event loss in shareholder value. In 1989 Mark Mitchell used an event study to estimate the impact of the 1982 Tylenol poisonings on Johnson & Johnsons share returns. Mark Mitchell was able to demonstrate that (1) Johnson & Johnson share returns were significantly impacted by the poisonings, and (2) such an impact translated, at least in part, to a depreciation of brand name capital. This study sets forth the basic framework of Mark Mitchells 1989 analysis and wherever appropriate, provides possible alternatives to his methodologies. Using several alternative approaches including, but not necessarily limited to, consideration of the incremental values associated with the Tylenol brand name, cost to develop the brand, alternative market factors, and changes in income streams I compare changes in brand value to brand name capital depreciation estimated by Mitchell. In some instances the aforementioned approaches are used in conjunction with aspects of Mitchells methodology. The results tend to provide more accurate estimates of the loss in brand value possibly associated with the 1982 poisonings.
Interactions between environment, wild animals and human leptospirosis

Leptospirosis, a worldwide distributed zoononis caused by bacteria of the genus Leptospira (antigenically classified into serovars), may be direct or indirectly transmitted through infected urine or environment. Several domestic and wild animals are leptospirosis reservoirs. The disease presents occupational character since it is widely reported in professionals that work in humid environments - such as sewage workers and fishermen - and in places where rodents or susceptible animals are found, like slaughterhouses and veterinary clinics. In developing countries, outbreaks are related to lack of sanitation, overcrowding in inadequate housing and climatic conditions. In developed countries, sporadic cases occur in aquatic recreational activities including swimming and triathlon. The diagnosis of leptospirosis is complex due to the variety of symptoms, disease severity and the lack of techniques that are able to early detect the infection. Thus, leptospirosis causes numerous public health problems and educational activities are very important to its control.
Anxiogenic profile of AM-251, a selective cannabinoid CB1 receptor antagonist, in plus-maze-naïve and plus-maze-experienced mice

The notoriously inconsistent effects of cannabinoids on anxiety-like behaviour may be explained by recent research on CB1 receptor knockout (CB1-KO) mice suggesting that cannabinoids exert bidirectional effects via the CB1 receptor (anxiolysis) and a novel rimonabant-sensitive neuronal cannabinoid receptor (anxiogenesis). This hypothesis is supported by the anxiogenic-like profile of AM-251, an analogue of rimonabant that is a potent and selective CB1 receptor antagonist but which, unlike rimonabant, has no activity at the novel receptor. As we have previously shown that rimonabant reduces anxiety-like behaviour in test-experienced animals only, the current study assessed the effects of AM-251 (1.5–3.0 mg/kg) in male Swiss-Webster mice that were either plus-maze-naïve or had been exposed undrugged to the apparatus 24 h prior to testing. Results confirmed that prior maze experience per se significantly increases behavioural indices of anxiety without altering measures of general activity. In maze-naïve mice, the lower dose of AM-251 (1.5 mg/kg) significantly reduced % open-arm time and increased grooming while the higher dose (3.0 mg/kg) additionally reduced open-arm entries and total head-dipping, and increased closed-arm returns. These anxiogenic-like effects were observed in the absence of significant changes in general activity levels. Although AM-251 had a very similar profile in maze-experienced animals, significant drug effects on open-arm avoidance measures were precluded by experientially-induced changes in behavioural baselines (i.e. ‘ceiling’ effects). Nevertheless, AM-251 again significantly reduced total head-dipping and increased grooming (3.0 mg/kg) and, unlike effects in naïve animals, both doses markedly reduced time spent on the centre platform and increased time spent in the enclosed arms. Against a baseline of almost total open-arm avoidance, the pattern of behavioural change in maze-experienced mice would also be consistent with an anxiogenic-like action of AM-251. Data are discussed in relation to previous findings with rimonabant, the putative existence of a novel non-CB1 neuronal cannabinoid receptor and, more generally, the behavioural pharmacology of plus-maze ‘trial 2’.
Exploring student perceptions and experiences of ICT-enhanced formative assessment in an undergraduate management accounting course

The central role of assessment in driving student learning has been well argued in the literature. In particular, continuous formative assessment with timely feedback helps motivate students to work consistently, while the addition of just-in-time support may further motivate and support learning. Information and communication technologies have the potential both to contain the administrative burden of frequent formative assessment and enhance the provision of timely feedback. Drawing on theories of assessment and motivation this study investigates the value of combining two technological interventions, tutorial screencasts and online quizzes, for enhancing student learning in an undergraduate management accounting course. Data was collected from the usage logs of the learning management system and a survey of student experiences. The results indicate that the interventions enhanced students’ learning experiences both by motivating them to engage with the coursework and by encouraging them to do so on a continuous basis.
Association of Coronary Artery Calcification and Mortality in the National Lung Screening Trial: A Comparison of Three Scoring Methods.

PURPOSE To evaluate three coronary artery calcification (CAC) scoring methods to assess risk of coronary heart disease (CHD) death and all-cause mortality in National Lung Screening Trial (NLST) participants across levels of CAC scores. MATERIALS AND METHODS The NLST was approved by the institutional review board at each participating institution, and informed consent was obtained from all participants. Image review was HIPAA compliant. Five cardiothoracic radiologists evaluated 1575 low-dose computed tomographic (CT) scans from three groups: 210 CHD deaths, 315 deaths not from CHD, and 1050 participants who were alive at conclusion of the trial. Radiologists used three scoring methods: overall visual assessment, segmented vessel-specific scoring, and Agatston scoring. Weighted Cox proportional hazards models were fit to evaluate the association between scoring methods and outcomes. RESULTS In multivariate analysis of time to CHD death, Agatston scores of 1-100, 101-1000, and greater than 1000 (reference category 0) were associated with hazard ratios of 1.27 (95% confidence interval: 0.69, 2.53), 3.57 (95% confidence interval: 2.14, 7.48), and 6.63 (95% confidence interval: 3.57, 14.97), respectively; hazard ratios for summed segmented vessel-specific scores of 1-5, 6-11, and 12-30 (reference category 0) were 1.72 (95% confidence interval: 1.05, 3.34), 5.11 (95% confidence interval: 2.92, 10.94), and 6.10 (95% confidence interval: 3.19, 14.05), respectively; and hazard ratios for overall visual assessment of mild, moderate, or heavy (reference category none) were 2.09 (95% confidence interval: 1.30, 4.16), 3.86 (95% confidence interval: 2.02, 8.20), and 6.95 (95% confidence interval: 3.73, 15.67), respectively. CONCLUSION By using low-dose CT performed for lung cancer screening in older, heavy smokers, a simple visual assessment of CAC can be generated for risk assessment of CHD death and all-cause mortality, which is comparable to Agatston scoring and strongly associated with outcome.
The Intimate Link: A Systematic Review of Highly Effective Reversible Contraception and Women’s Sexual Experience

Contraception is expressly designed for nonprocreative sexual activity, but we know little about how methods shape women’s sexual experience. To systematically review the literature on highly effective reversible contraception (HERC) and sexual experiences. MEDLINE, SCOPUS, and Google Scholar were searched for relevant literature. Eleven studies met the inclusion criteria; all were conducted outside of the United States. All studies reviewed found either improvements or no change in sexual experience and function outcomes with HERC use. A need exists for more prospective studies with a wider range of measures to assess HERC methods’ impact on women’s sexual experiences.
Rewards and Reputation from the Managerial Labor Market and Strategic Information Distortion

Top executives’ reputation and rewards from the managerial labor market are at least partly determined by the financial information their firms convey to the capital markets. We thus examine whether managerial labor market incentives influence firms’ choices in such information transmission and whether these choices subsequently affect future outcomes in the managerial labor market. Our findings are consistent with a strategic information distortion hypothesis. Specifically, CEOs facing greater labor market incentives are more likely to engage in strategic financial disclosure choices to inflate their firms’ reported performance and to meet or narrowly beat earnings benchmarks, thereby enhancing their reputation and upward mobility in the labor market. At the same time, these CEOs are more careful not to commit disclosure maneuvers that trigger financial fraud and restatements, which will severely damage their reputation and undermine their future career prospects. These empirical patterns portray a nuanced picture of how CEOs respond strategically to labor market incentives and career concerns in making financial disclosure decisions. We further show that these decisions affect managerial labor market outcomes; consistent marginal benchmark beating leads to higher compensation and greater mobility in the labor market for CEOs.
Airline deregulation and laissez-faire mythology

An Introduction to the Deregulated Airline Industry Introduction Corporate Pirates and Robber Barons in the Cockpit The Megacarriers American Airlines Continental Airlines Delta Airlines Eastern Airlines Northwest Airlines Pan American Airlines Trans World Airlines United Air Lines USAir Regulation and Deregulation: The Metamorphosis in American Public Policy Origins of Regulation: The Legislative History of the Civil Aeronautics Act of 1938 The Traditional Regulatory Criteria Cab Regulation, 1938-75: The Congressional Perspective The Cab Under Alfred Kahn: The Origins of De Facto Deregulation The Airline Deregulation Act of 1978 Cab Implementation of the Airline Deregulation Act The Demise of the Civil Aeronautics Board The Results of Deregulation Concentration Pricing Service The Economic Effects of Deregulation: The $6 Billion Myth Safety Airline Survival and Market Darwinism: Dawn of the Global Megacarriers Proposed Solutions: The Proper Relationship Between Government and the Market Reregulation: Dare We Speak It? Putting the Airlines Back on Course: A Modest Legislative Agenda Conclusions