Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Failure of Deferoxamine, an Iron Chelator, to Improve Neurologic Outcome Following Complete Cerebral Ischemia in Dogs

Eleven minutes of complete cerebral ischemia was produced in 17 dogs by temporary ligation of the venae cavae and aorta. Immediately prior to the ischemic episode, 7 dogs received deferoxamine, an iron chelator, 50 rag/kg i.v. , and 10 dogs received an equivalent volume of saline placebo i.v. Five dogs failed to meet preestablished protocol criteria and were excluded from data analysis. Neurologic recovery was evaluated by an observer blind to the treatment groups in the remaining 12 dogs at 48 hours postischemia. The neurologic effects of complete cerebral ischemia were compared between dogs treated with deferoxamine and those receiving placebo treatment. One of 6 deferoxamine—treated dogs was normal and 5 were moderately to severely damaged. Similarly, 1 of 6 placebo—treated dogs was normal and 5 were moderately to severely damaged. The authors conclude that deferoxamine does not provide cerebral protection in this model of complete cerebral ischemia (troke 1987;18:124–127)
The detection and prevention for ARP Spoofing based on Snort

As one of powerful and light weight Network Intrusion Detection System, Snort has good expansibility and transplantability, and can be used in various environments. However, Snort has clear deficiency on ARP spoofing detection, and its own ARP spoofing defense is powerless. To realize the detection and prevention of the ARP spoofing, the paper expanded the snort preprocessor plug-ins by adding an ARP detection module. Results shows this way can make Snort sniffer itself has immunity, and make locate the attacker more timely and accurately.
University students' knowledge and awareness of HPV.

BACKGROUND The purpose of this study was to evaluate the knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors of university students regarding the human papillomavirus (HPV). METHODS A random sample of 500 university students was mailed a self-administered questionnaire that elicited their knowledge and awareness about HPV and compared their knowledge and attitudes with those of other sexually transmitted diseases (STDs). Among the 480 deliverable addresses, 289 students responded (response rate 60%). RESULTS Only 37% of respondents had ever heard of HPV, and the median score on a 13-item knowledge scale was only 3. Of seven STDs assessed, respondents indicated they knew the least about HPV and perceived that this STD has received the least educational effort. In multivariate analyses, predictors of lower knowledge and awareness about HPV were male gender and sexual behavior (having multiple partners, not using condoms). CONCLUSIONS Despite the high prevalence of HPV among young adults, most students knew very little about this infection. Implementing HPV educational programs and measuring their effectiveness should be a priority.
Finite element modeling for reliability assessment of solder interconnections in a power transistor

In this study, the reliability modeling of solder interconnections in a power transistor with a compact metallic packaging is carried out. The finite element simulations are verified by experiments. Different loading conditions, thermal cycling (TC), drop impact, and vibration loadings, are considered in the present study. The micrographs from the failure analyses of the failed samples are also presented in order to show the location and detailed morphology of the cracks. The obtained results add insights into the correlation between different failure modes caused by various loading conditions and the stress state of the critical solder interconnections.
Contribution biomécanique à l'étude de l'articulation fémoro-tibiale pendant la marche in vivo

L'objectif de ce travail est d'analyser le comportement in vivo cinematique et dynamique tridimensionnel de l'articulation femoro-tibiale afin d'evaluer d'une part la normalite de la cinematique et d'autre part les efforts de contact du tibia sur le femur. Pour atteindre cet objectif a ete concu et mis en oeuvre un protocole experimental et un logiciel associe a un systeme de mesure non invasif. Pour mener a bien ce projet, 3 etapes intermediaires ont ete necessaires : - la determination de la cinematique a partir d'un systeme de mesure opto-electronique. Les incertitudes de mesures ont fait l'objet d'une etude specifique afin de deduire la pertinence des mesures realisees ; le calcul du torseur inter-segmentaire ou torseur generalise de l'action de la cuise sur la jambe. L'approche par dynamique inverse a ete utilisee afin d'acceder a ce torseur. Cette methode integre des donnees cinematiques inertielles et le torseur des efforts de contact pied/sol obtenu au moyen d'un plateau de force ; l'evaluation de la force de contact du femur sur le tibia. Pour ce faire, un modele mathematique musculo-squelettique a ete mis en place, et l'estimation de la force de contact est basee sur une optimisation au moyen d'un algorithme genetique. Dans le cadre de la clinique, l'utilisation des resultats de cette recherche permettra de realiser des examens cliniques non invasifs et d'etablir un diagnostique. Pour les concepteurs de protheses, cela permet d'analyser l'effet d'une prothese
Do Sonho à Realização em 4 Passos: Estratégias para a Criação de Startups de Sucesso

Steve Blank, nascido em 1953, na cidade de Nova York, possui uma vasta experiência nos modelos de negócios inovadores. O conhecimento prático obtido durante sua experiência vivida nas oito startups das quais fez parte foi sistematizado e transferido para sua obra.O conteúdo do livro versa sobre os modelos e etapas de desenvolvimento das empresas com caráter inovador, enfatizando as startups. A obra está dividida em seis capítulos e é finalizada com sugestões de referências bibliográficas para aprofundamento do tema. Além disso, o autor elaborou um apêndice com a presença de um checklist que aborda todas as etapas dissertadas no texto e podem ser utilizadas na prática empreendedora.A obra é iniciada com a citação de relevantes cases de empresas as quais fracassaram ao tentar inovar. Neste sentido, Blank demonstra um caminho sistematizado com etapas pré-determinadas as quais, geralmente, tornam o processo de criação de uma startup/empresa mais eficiente e com maior chances de alcançar o sucesso.Embora seu livro tenha como público-alvo os empreendedores ligados às startups, suas lições servem para todas os negócios que desejam lançar-se no mercado com algum tipo de inovação.
In-Season Physiological and Biochemical Status of Reforestation Workers

Tree-planting demands sustained high work-output and is associated with high injury rates but has not been characterized previously. Data were collected from 10 male planters after 19 ± 5 (T1) and 37 ± 5 days (T2) of planting. One severe infection and one knee strain injury were noted. Loads carried were 32% ± 5% body mass and heart rates were between 60% to 75% of maximum for 57% ± 26% of the planting shift. A loss of 1.7% ± 1.5% body mass occurred, although intake exceeded 5000 kcal/day. From 8% (T1) to 27% (T2) of postprandial blood glucose samples were found to be <3.3 mmol/L. Further evidence of the cumulative stress was seen in increased levels of resting cortisol (428 ± 163 to 741 ± 103 mmol/L), norepinephrine (2.09 ± 1.34 to 3.09 ± 1.05 mmol/L), and creatine kinase (184 ± 82 to 397 ± 174 U/L) at T2. The postactivity neutrophilia and lymphophilia (absolute count, CD4+ and CD8+) observed at T1 were blunted at T2. The implications of mild hypoglycemia, including possible effects on cognitive and motor function, warrant further study.
The Epidemiology and Impact of Traumatic Brain Injury: A Brief Overview

Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is an important public health problem in the United States and worldwide. The estimated 5.3 million Americans living with TBI-related disability face numerous challenges in their efforts to return to a full and productive life. This article presents an overview of the epidemiology and impact of TBI.
PGC‐1α mediates a rapid, exercise‐induced downregulation of glycogenolysis in rat skeletal muscle

Long‐term endurance exercise training results in a reduction in the rates of muscle glycogen depletion and lactic acid accumulation during submaximal exercise; this adaptation is mediated by an increase in muscle mitochondria. There is evidence suggesting that short‐term training induces adaptations that downregulate glycogenolysis before there is an increase in functional mitochondria. We discovered that a single long bout of exercise induces decreases in expression of glycogenolytic and glycolytic enzymes in rat skeletal muscle; this adaptation results in slower rates of glycogenolysis and lactic acid accumulation in muscle during contractile activity. Two additional days of training amplified the adaptive response, which appears to be mediated by PGC‐1α; this adaptation is biologically significant, because glycogen depletion and lactic acid accumulation are major causes of muscle fatigue.
Ras, Rap, and Rac Small GTP-binding Proteins Are Targets for Clostridium sordellii Lethal Toxin Glucosylation (*)

Lethal toxin (LT) from Clostridium sordellii is one of the high molecular mass clostridial cytotoxins. On cultured cells, it causes a rounding of cell bodies and a disruption of actin stress fibers. We demonstrate that LT is a glucosyltransferase that uses UDP-Glc as a cofactor to covalently modify 21-kDa proteins both in vitro and in vivo. LT glucosylates Ras, Rap, and Rac. In Ras, threonine at position 35 was identified as the target amino acid glucosylated by LT. Other related members of the Ras GTPase superfamily, including RhoA, Cdc42, and Rab6, were not modified by LT. Incubation of serum-starved Swiss 3T3 cells with LT prevents the epidermal growth factor-induced phosphorylation of mitogen-activated protein kinases ERK1 and ERK2, indicating that the toxin blocks Ras function in vivo. We also demonstrate that LT acts inside the cell and that the glucosylation reaction is required to observe its dramatic effect on cell morphology. LT is thus a powerful tool to inhibit Ras function in vivo.
Desarrollo de streptomyces: regulación y aplicaciones industriales

Las bacterias del genero Streptomyces son bacterias con un ciclo de vida complejo que incluyen procesos de muerte celular programada (MCP), diferenciacion morfologica y esporulacion y son considerados modelos procarioticos de multicelularidad. Estas bacterias tienen gran importancia biotecnologica por su capacidad para producir gran cantidad de metabolitos secundarios con actividades biologicas variadas: antitumorales, inmunosupresoras , antibioticas, herbicidas, etc. Durante la ultima decada, nuestro grupo de investigacion amplio el ciclo de desarrollo tradicional de Streptomyces. El objetivo de esta tesis fue caracterizar las rutas biomoleculares que regulan los procesos de diferenciacion en fermentaciones industriales a escala piloto. Se llevo a cabo un analisis cuantitativo de los cambios en el proteoma y fosfoproteoma durante la diferenciacion de S. coelicolor. Esto nos ha permitido, por un lado, hacer una revision acerca de lo que se conoce hasta el momento sobre la biologia de Streptomyces, y por otro, generar una base de datos de los cambios en el proteoma y fosfoproteoma durante el desarrollo, que puede contribuir a disenar futuros experimentos con el objetivo de caracterizar potenciales reguladores y efectores de diferenciacion. Ademas, se hicieron hallazgos sobre las fases tempranas del ciclo de desarrollo. En cuanto a la germinacion, se descubrio una nueva fase en la que se ha visto que participan enzimas responsables de la remodelacion del peptidoglicano como la carboxipeptidasa SCO4439. Tambien se ha descubierto un nuevo tipo division celular que tiene lugar durante la fase vegetativa temprana en las hifas y se basa en la formacion de tabiques de membrana (sin pared), un tipo de division celular inedita en bacterias. Por ultimo, se analizaron los procesos de desarrollo, diferenciacion y produccion de antibioticos en fermentaciones industriales a escala piloto (biorreactor), lo que ha permitido definir nuevos parametros que resultan importantes para la optimizacion y monitorizacion de la produccion de metabolitos secundarios en fermentaciones de Streptomyces.
Geometric Approximation Algorithms in the Online and Data Stream Models

The online and data stream models of computation have recently attracted considerable research attention due to many real-world applications in various areas such as data mining, machine learning, distributed computing, and robotics. In both these models, input items arrive one at a time, and the algorithms must decide based on the partial data received so far, without any secure information about the data that will arrive in the future. In this thesis, we investigate efficient algorithms for a number of fundamental geometric optimization problems in the online and data stream models. The problems studied in this thesis can be divided into two major categories: geometric clustering and computing various extent measures of a set of points. In the online setting, we show that the basic unit clustering problem admits non-trivial algorithms even in the simplest one-dimensional case: we show that the naive upper bounds on the competitive ratio of algorithms for this problem can be beaten using randomization. In the data stream model, we propose a new streaming algorithm for maintaining coresets of a set of points in fixed dimensions, and also, introduce a new simple framework for transforming a class of offline algorithms to their equivalents in the data stream model. These results together lead to improved (1 + e)-approximation streaming algorithms for a wide variety of geometric optimization problems in fixed dimensions, including diameter, width, k-center, smallest enclosing ball, minimum-volume bounding box, minimum enclosing cylinder, minimum-width enclosing spherical shell/annulus, etc. In high-dimensional data streams, where the dimension is not a constant, we propose a simple streaming algorithm for the minimum enclosing ball (the 1-center) problem with an improved approximation factor.
Making medical errors into "medical treasures''.

In his insightful and provocative article on medical error, Leape1raises a topic that has been distinctly unpopular among physicians. Concerning medical error and its prevention, the profession has, with rare exceptions, adopted an ostrichlike attitude. Mistakes have been treated as uncommon and atypical, requiring no remedy beyond the traditional incident reports and morbidity and mortality conferences. The manner in which physicians manage medical errors must and will change in the future. It will change because a large and growing collection of literature demonstrates that physicians' approaches to the management of medical error do not work well enough, and the various parties to which physicians are accountable—purchasers, payers, government, and the public—have discovered this fact. The only question now is whether new systems for preventing medical error will be designed with the full cooperation and participation of the profession or under less desirable circumstances. The See also p 1851.
Framing an independent, integrated and evidence-based evaluation of the state of Australia's biophysical and human environments

A new approach was developed for Australia's 2011 national State of the Environment (SoE) report to integrate the assessment of biophysical and human elements of the environment. A Common Assessment and Reporting Framework (CARF) guided design and implementation, responding to jurisdictional complexity, outstanding natural diversity and ecosystem values, high levels of cultural and heritage diversity, and a paucity of national-scale data. The CARF provided a transparent response to the need for an independent, robust and evidence-based national SoE report. We conclude that this framework will be effective for subsequent national SoE assessments and other integrated national-scale assessments in data-poor regions.
Fast 3D chemical exchange saturation transfer (CEST) imaging of the human brain

Chemical exchange saturation transfer magnetic resonance imaging can detect low‐concentration compounds with exchangeable protons through saturation transfer to water. This technique is generally slow, as it requires acquisition of saturation images at multiple frequencies. In addition, multislice imaging is complicated by saturation effects differing from slice to slice because of relaxation losses. In this study, a fast three‐dimensional chemical exchange saturation transfer imaging sequence is presented that allows whole‐brain coverage for a frequency‐dependent saturation spectrum (z‐spectrum, 26 frequencies) in less than 10 min. The approach employs a three‐dimensional gradient‐ and spin‐echo readout using a prototype 32‐channel phased‐array coil, combined with two‐dimensional sensitivity encoding accelerations. Results from a homogenous protein‐containing phantom at 3T show that the sequence produced a uniform contrast across all slices. To show translational feasibility, scans were also performed on five healthy human subjects. Results for chemical exchange saturation transfer images at 3.5 ppm downfield of the water resonance, so‐called amide proton transfer images, show that lipid signals are sufficiently suppressed and artifacts caused by B0 inhomogeneity can be removed in postprocessing. The scan time and image quality of these in vivo results show that three‐dimensional chemical exchange saturation trasfer MRI using gradient‐ and spin‐echo acquisition is feasible for whole‐brain chemical exchange saturation transfer studies at 3T in a clinical time frame. Magn Reson Med, 2010. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Possible nafcillin-warfarin interaction.

There are multiple reports of drug interactions with warfarin in the literature. Many of these result in resistance to warfarin therapy due to enzyme inducers such as barbiturates, carbamazepine, and rifampin, with resulting decreased warfarin effect and prothrombin time (PT). 1-3 Nafcillin is not well documented as an inducer of drug metabolizing enzymes, yet it appears to have this effect on warfarin. 4 We recently observed a possible interaction between nafcillin and warfarin. Report of a Case. A 71-year-old woman was admitted with a 3-month history of left lower extremity swelling and a 3-week history of pain, tenderness, and edema. On admission, an attempted left lower leg ultrasound was unsuccessful due to swelling of the lower leg. Therefore, her admitting diagnosis was rule-out deep vein thrombosis vs cellulitis of the lower leg. Her medicines prior to admission included levothyroxine (0.125 μg daily), extended-release nifedipine (60 mg twice daily), extended-release potassium
Independent from cookware ferromagnetic characteristics transferring maximum power each cookware on domestic induction cooktops

In this paper, a control methodfor each of induction compatible cookwares which have different ferromagnetic characteristics, maximum power that can be transferred safely on the domestic induction cooktops using by end users is presented. The major problem for domestic induction cooktops is cookwares defined as load are various and end users complete the resonant circuit. Five of different ferromagnetic characteristic cookwares are chosen to solve this issue. These cookwares are analyzed with reference coil both with LCR meter and operational status with power mode. Also, mathematical model of power electronic circuit is shown. According to analysis results, minimum safe operating frequency is determined by a method which developed controlling the electrical parameters, for each cookwares. As a result, it is determined that the power transferred to the cookwares is increased and it reaches its maximum point for each cookwares with the help of the new method when it is compared with the current situation.
High affinity peptides for the recognition of the heart disease biomarker troponin I identified using phage display

Troponin I is a specific and sensitive clinical biomarker for myocardial injury. In this study we have used polyvalent phage display to isolate unique linear peptide motifs which recognize both the human and rat homologs of troponin I. The peptide specific for human troponin I has a sequence of FYSHSFHENWPS and the peptide specific for the rat troponin I has a sequence of FHSSWPVNGSTI. Enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assays (ELISAs) were used to evaluate the binding interactions, and the two phage‐displayed peptides exhibited some cross‐reactivity, but they were both more specific for the troponin I homolog they were selected against. The binding affinities of the phage‐displayed peptides were decreased by the presence of complex tissue culture media (MEM), and the addition of 10% calf serum further interfered with the binding of the target proteins. Kinetic indirect phage ELISAs revealed that both troponin I binding peptides were found to have nanomolar affinities for the troponin proteins while attached to the phage particles. To our knowledge, this is the first example of isolation and characterization of troponin I binders using phage display technology. These new peptides may have potential utility in the development of new clinical assays for cardiac injury as well as in monitoring of cardiac cells grown in culture. Biotechnol. Bioeng. 2010. 105: 678–686. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Essential oil and iridoide glycosides of Nepeta septemcrenata Erenb

The essential oil of the aerial parts of Nepeta septemcrenata Erenb was analyzed by GC/MS. Thirty nine compounds, accounting for 98.3% of the total oil, were identified, where the main constituents were 4aα, 7α, 7aβ-nepetalactone (24.2%), 4aα, 7α, 7aα-nepetalactone (19.9%), elemol (13.8%), 1, 8-cineole (8.5%), linalool (5.6%), β -bisbolene (3.7%), Terpine-4-ol (2.7%) and α-terpinol (2.5%). The antimicrobial activity of the essential oil of N. septemcrenata was tested against six gram-negative or gram-positive bacteria and six fungi, where the results of the bioassays showed interesting antimicrobial activity, in which Bacillus subtilis, Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli were the most sensitive to the oil. Meanwhile the oil exhibited a remarkable antifungal activity against all the tested fungi. The iridoid glycosides (ajugol, ajugoside and aucubin) were separated and identified from the plant.