Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Promising Practices to Eliminate Tobacco Disparities Among Asian American, Native Hawaiian and Pacific Islander Communities

Tobacco use continues to be the single most preventable cause of death for all groups in the United States, including Asian Americans (AAs) and Native Hawaiians and Pacific Islanders (NHPIs). Despite efforts in tobacco control over the past two decades, tobacco-related health disparities remain in some priority population groups, including AAs and NHPIs. This special supplement features strategies and promising practices for addressing the critical problem of tobacco in the AA and NHPI communities.
Software defined radio: Part 22 in a series of tutorials on instrumentation and measurement

A software defined radio (SDR) is a communication system that performs many of its required signal processing tasks in a programmable digital signal processing (DSP) engine. The engine is coupled to the air interface of analog circuits and antennae by analog-to-digital and digital-to-analog converters (ADCs and DACs). The SDR's software reprograms the DSP segment of the radio's physical layer to reconFigure the radio system parameters and can thus synthesize multiple radios. The software can also select and alter the air interface components as well as the higher level data processing layers of the radio system.
Improved EER transmitters for WLAN

The envelope elimination and restoration (EER) transmitter architecture is capable of providing high power efficiency without compromising linearity. This paper shows that for a wireless local area network (WLAN) application, the envelope reconstruction process modulates the supply voltage of the switching amplifier over a large dynamic range. This introduces sufficient nonlinearity to violate emission specifications. Fortunately, the EER architecture can be improved by applying envelope and phase feedback. The phase feedback architecture satisfies the emission specifications of IEEE 802.11a, while envelope feedback provides modest adjacent channel power ratio (ACPR) improvement. The impact of clipping on the ACPR and error vector magnitude (EVM) is also investigated. It is shown that for a WLAN application, a clipping of only 1 dB can be tolerated before the output signal is degraded significantly.
Immediate spinal cord decompression for cervical spinal cord injury: feasibility and outcome.

BACKGROUND The effect of immediate surgical spinal cord decompression on neurologic outcome after spinal cord injury is controversial. Experimental models strongly suggest a beneficial effect of early decompression but there is little supportive clinical evidence. This study is designed to evaluate the feasibility and outcome of an immediate spinal cord decompression treatment protocol for cervical spinal cord injury in a tertiary treatment center. METHODS To address this issue, 91 consecutive patients with acute, traumatic cervical spinal cord injury (1990-1997) were prospectively studied. Sixty-six patients (protocol group) underwent emergency magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to determine the presence of persistent spinal cord compression followed, if indicated, by immediate operative decompression and stabilization. Twenty-five patients were managed outside the treatment protocol because of contraindication to magnetic resonance imaging, need for other emergency surgical procedures, or admitting surgeon preference (reference group). The protocol and reference groups had similar sex and age distributions, admitting Frankel grades, levels of neurologic injury, and Injury Severity Scores. RESULTS Twenty-seven percent of patients seen were not enrolled in the treatment protocol because of the need for other emergent surgical treatment, contraindication to MRI, and specific surgeon bias regarding the "futility" of emergent treatment. The neurologic outcome for the patients in the reference group were similar to that in the previously reported literature. Fifty percent of protocol patients, compared with only 24% of reference patients, improved from their admitting Frankel grade. Eight protocol patients (12%), but no reference patients, improved from complete motor quadriplegia (Frankel grade A or B) to independent ambulation (Frankel grade D or E). Protocol patients required shorter intensive care unit stays, and shorter total hospital stays than reference patients. In the treatment protocol group, spinal cord decompression, confirmed by MRI, was achieved with immediate spinal column alignment and skeletal traction in 32 patients (46%). Thirty-four patients (54%) required emergent operative spinal cord decompression because of MRI-documented persistent spinal cord compression. CONCLUSION We conclude that immediate spinal column stabilization and spinal cord decompression, based on magnetic resonance imaging, may significantly improve neurologic outcome. The feasibility of such a treatment protocol in a tertiary treatment center is well demonstrated. Additional multicenter trials are necessary to achieve definitive conclusions regarding clinical efficacy.
Cross‐species amplification and optimization of microsatellite markers for use in six Neotropical parrots

Short amplicon primers were redesigned for 17 microsatellite loci developed in St. Vincent's Amazon and six loci developed in blue‐and‐yellow macaw and tested using six species of Neotropical parrot. Polymorphism was observed at 12 loci in blue‐and‐yellow macaw, 10 in red‐and‐green macaw, 11 in scarlet macaw, 10 in chestnut‐fronted macaw, 11 in red‐bellied macaw and 16 in mealy parrot. Number of alleles per locus ranged from two to 23 and expected heterozygosity ranged from 0.05 to 0.95. The resulting multiplexed loci will be useful in evaluating genetic diversity, genetic structure and mating system in Neotropical parrots.
Colonization of Helicobacter pylori in the Gastric Mucosa of Mongolian Gerbils

Helicobacter pylori was orally inoculated into Mongolian gerbils. The organisms were able to colonize in the gastro‐mucosal layer of the gerbils, especially in those gerbils which had mucosal lesions caused by indomethacin treatment. The pathological changes developed by H. pylori infection were restricted to the stomachs, and only slightly inflammatory cells were observed.
An X-Ray, Infrared, and Submillimeter Flare of Sagittarius A*

Energetic flares are observed in the Galactic supermassive black hole Sagittarius A* from radio to X-ray wavelengths. On a few occasions, simultaneous flares have been detected in IR and X-ray observations, but clear counterparts at longer wavelengths have not been seen. We present a flare observed over several hours on 2006 July 17 with the Chandra X-Ray Observatory, the Keck II telescope, the Caltech Submillimeter Observatory, and the Submillimeter Array. All telescopes observed strong flare events, but the submillimeter peak is found to occur nearly 100 minutes after the X-ray peak. Submillimeter polarization data show linear polarization in the excess flare emission, increasing from 9% to 17% as the flare passes through its peak, consistent with a transition from optically thick to thin synchrotron emission. The temporal and spectral behavior of the flare require that the energetic electrons responsible for the emission cool faster than expected from their radiative output. This is consistent with adiabatic cooling in an expanding emission region, with X-rays produced through self-Compton scattering, although not consistent with the simplest model of such expansion. We also present a submillimeter flare that followed a bright IR flare on 2005 July 31. Compared to 2006, this event had a larger peak IR flux and similar submillimeter flux, but it lacked measurable X-ray emission. It also showed a shorter delay between the IR and submillimeter peaks. Based on these events we propose a synchrotron and self-Compton model to relate the submillimeter lag and the variable IR/X-ray luminosity ratio.
Wall compensation algorithm for through-wall-radar building layout imaging

In the through-wall-radar imaging (TWRI), the inaccurate wall positions and the image intensity difference between front wall and back wall caused by unknown wall penetration are serious problems. In this paper, a new algorithm is proposed to solve these problems without knowing relative permittivity of wall in multi-layer condition. XFDTD simulation results prove the new algorithm can correct the wall position and reduce the image intensity difference between walls.
Comparison of Anthropometry, Upper-Body Strength, and Lower-Body Power Characteristics in Different Levels of Australian Football Players

Abstract Bilsborough, JC, Greenway, KG, Opar, DA, Livingstone, SG, Cordy, JT, Bird, SR, and Coutts, AJ. Comparison of anthropometry, upper-body strength and lower-body power characteristics in different levels of Australian Football players. J Strength Cond Res 29(3): 826–834, 2015—The aim of this study was to compare the anthropometry, upper-body strength, and lower-body power characteristics in elite junior, sub-elite senior, and elite senior Australian Football (AF) players. Nineteen experienced elite senior (≥4 years Australian Football League [AFL] experience), 27 inexperienced elite senior (<4 years AFL experience), 22 sub-elite senior, and 21 elite junior AF players were assessed for anthropometric profile (fat-free soft tissue mass [FFSTM], fat mass, and bone mineral content) with dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry, upper-body strength (bench press and bench pull), and lower-body power (countermovement jump [CMJ] and squat jump with 20 kg). A 1-way analysis of variance assessed differences between the playing levels in these measures, whereas relationships between anthropometry and performance were assessed with Pearson's correlation. The elite senior and sub-elite senior players were older and heavier than the elite junior players (p ⩽ 0.05). Both elite playing groups had greater total FFSTM than both the sub-elite and junior elite players; however, there were only appendicular FFSTM differences between the junior elite and elite senior players (p < 0.001). The elite senior playing groups were stronger and had greater CMJ performance than the lower level players. Both whole-body and regional FFSTM were correlated with bench press (r = 0.43–0.64), bench pull (r = 0.58–0.73), and jump squat performance measures (r = 0.33–0.55). Australian Football players' FFSTM are different between playing levels, which are likely because of training and partly explain the observed differences in performance between playing levels highlighting the importance of optimizing FFSTM in young players.
A systematic review of interventions for reducing HIV risk behaviors among people living with HIV in the United States, 1988–2012

Objective:To conduct a systematic review to examine interventions for reducing HIV risk behaviors among people living with HIV (PLWH) in the United States. Methods:Systematic searches included electronic databases from 1988 to 2012, hand searches of journals, reference lists of articles, and HIV/AIDS Internet listservs. Each eligible study was evaluated against the established criteria on study design, implementation, analysis, and strength of findings to assess the risk of bias and intervention effects. Results:Forty-eight studies were evaluated. Fourteen studies (29%) with both low risk of bias and significant positive intervention effects in reducing HIV transmission risk behaviors were classified as evidence-based interventions (EBIs). Thirty-four studies were classified as non-EBIs due to high risk of bias or nonsignificant positive intervention effects. EBIs varied in delivery from brief prevention messages to intensive multisession interventions. The key components of EBIs included addressing HIV risk reduction behaviors, motivation for behavioral change, misconception about HIV, and issues related to mental health, medication adherence, and HIV transmission risk behavior. Conclusion:Moving evidence-based prevention for PLWH into practice is an important step in making a greater impact on the HIV epidemic. Efficacious EBIs can serve as model programs for providers in healthcare and nonhealthcare settings looking to implement evidence-based HIV prevention. Clinics and public health agencies at the state, local, and federal levels can use the results of this review as a resource when making decisions that meet the needs of PLWH to achieve the greatest impact on the HIV epidemic.
Attentional demands and postural control in athletes with and without functional ankle instability.

STUDY DESIGN Case-control study. OBJECTIVE To compare the effect of dual-tasking on postural and cognitive performance between subjects with functional ankle instability (FAI) and a matched control group without FAI. BACKGROUND Deficit and expertise in sensorimotor functions have been proposed as factors that can modify the interference between postural control and cognition. To the authors' knowledge, no study has investigated the posture-cognition interaction in individuals with recurrent ankle sprain, an orthopaedic condition with documented sensorimotor deficits. METHODS Single-limb postural stability was assessed in 15 recreational athletes with FAI and 15 matched healthy athletes without FAI. Each athlete stood on a Biodex Stability System at platform stabilities of 7 and 5, while they performed or did not perform a digits-backward cognitive task. Overall stability index (OSI), anteroposterior stability index (APSI), and mediolateral stability index (MLSI) were used as measures of postural performance. RESULTS At stability level 5, the individuals in the FAI group had poorer postural stability compared to those in the group without FAI (OSI, P<.01; MLSI, P<.01). A significant increase in OSI (P<.01) and MLSI (P = .02) was also demonstrated by the individuals in the FAI group during dual-task performance compared to the single-task performance. CONCLUSION Subjects with FAI demonstrated poorer postural stability when tested at level 5 on the Biodex Stability System, but not at level 7. Also, the results indicate that concurrent performance of a cognitive task decreased postural stability in the subjects with FAI, suggesting an increased dependency on attentional demands for maintenance of balance in that group. Such findings highlight the need for the assessment of postural control in patients with ankle sprain to include cognitive loading.
The speed of healing after fracture of the tibial shaft.

1 . A series of 343 tibial shaft fractures proceeding to sound union in adults, and 192 fractures in children, was studied. Groups of fractures differing from each other only in the one particular variable under consideration were compared. 2. The severity of the injury (as assessed by the degree of displacement, of comminution and of compound wounding) was found to be an important determinant of speed of fracture union and of incidence of delayed and non-union. A simple classification of severity of injury is described. 3. Distraction delayed healing. Traction which avoided distraction had no effect on the rate of union of fractures of moderate severity compared with cases of similar severity of injury treated by immobilisation only. Major fractures subjected to traction did take longer to unite on the average, but there was no increase in the incidence of delayed or non-union.
Clinical implications of scapular dyskinesis in shoulder injury: the 2013 consensus statement from the ‘scapular summit’

The second international consensus conference on the scapula was held in Lexington Kentucky. The purpose of the conference was to update, present and discuss the accumulated knowledge regarding scapular involvement in various shoulder injuries and highlight the clinical implications for the evaluation and treatment of shoulder injuries. The areas covered included the scapula and shoulder injury, the scapula and sports participation, clinical evaluation and interventions and known outcomes. Major conclusions were (1) scapular dyskinesis is present in a high percentage of most shoulder injuries; (2) the exact role of the dyskinesis in creating or exacerbating shoulder dysfunction is not clearly defined; (3) shoulder impingement symptoms are particularly affected by scapular dyskinesis; (4) scapular dyskinesis is most aptly viewed as a potential impairment to shoulder function; (5) treatment strategies for shoulder injury can be more effectively implemented by evaluation of the dyskinesis; (6) a reliable observational clinical evaluation method for dyskinesis is available and (7) rehabilitation programmes to restore scapular position and motion can be effective within a more comprehensive shoulder rehabilitation programme.
Duplo - Ein virtuelles Lego-Spiel

Zusammenfassung: Virtual Reality ist in der heutigen Zeit zwar immer noch eher Spezialisten vorbehalten, aber uber kurz oder lang wird sie sich wohl in immer mehr Gebieten etablieren und auch in den Consumer-Markt Einzug nehmen. Grund genug, sich einmal naher mit dem Gebiet zu beschaftigen. Mit einem Trackingsystem und einer halbdurchsichtigen VR-Brille entwickelten wir, im Rahmen eines Semesterprojektes ein virtuelles Lego-Spiel. Damit kann man auf einer realen Oberflache mittels selbstgebautem 3D-Joystick virtuelle Lego-Steine nehmen, in virtuellen Farbtopfen farben, auf dem Spielfeld setzen und wieder nehmen, in einem Abfalleimer wegwerfen, oder einfach wegschiesen. Auserdem entwickelten wir eine Moglichkeit, die VRBrille optimal an den Benutzer anzupassen, damit virtuelles Bild mit der Realitat vollkommen ubereinstimmt.
Expression of miR-33 from an SREBP2 Intron Inhibits Cholesterol Export and Fatty Acid Oxidation*

The regulation of synthesis, degradation, and distribution of lipids is crucial for homeostasis of organisms and cells. The sterol regulatory element-binding protein (SREBP) transcription factor family is post-translationally activated in situations of reduced lipid abundance and activates numerous genes involved in cholesterol, fatty acid, and phospholipid synthesis. In this study, we provide evidence that the primary transcript of SREBP2 contains an intronic miRNA (miR-33) that reduces cellular cholesterol export via inhibition of translation of the cholesterol export pump ABCA1. Notably, miR-33 also inhibits translation of several transcripts encoding proteins involved in fatty acid β-oxidation including CPT1A, HADHB, and CROT, thereby reducing fatty acid degradation. The genetic locus encoding SREBP2 and miR-33 therefore contains a protein that increases lipid synthesis and a miRNA that prevents export and degradation of newly synthesized lipids. These results add an additional layer of complexity to our understanding of lipid homeostasis and might open possibilities for future therapeutic intervention.
CAM-7/LTO Cells for Lithium-Ion Batteries with Rapid Charging Capability at Low Temperature

Abstract : TIAX is developing laminated prismatic lithium-ion (Li-ion) cells capable of rapid charging at low temperature (to -50 deg C) to replace current lead-acid vehicle batteries. The novel cells are based on TIAX? s high energy, high power CAM-7 cathode material, high rate capability lithium titanate (LTO) anode material, and a nitrile-cosolvent electrolyte formulation, and target cell-level energy content greater than 90 Wh/kg and 250 Wh/l.
Microbial metabolism of carbon monoxide in culture and in soil

Nocardia salmonicolor readily oxidized CO to CO2. Slight activity was found among species of Actinoplanes, Agromyces, Microbispora, Mycobacterium, and other nocardias, and no oxidation was detected in the algae, fungi, and other bacteria tested. Carbon monoxide was oxidized rapidly to CO2 in the dark in two soils incubated in air or under flooded conditions, but little of the 14C from 14CO was incorporated into the organic fraction of these soils. The reaction was microbial because appreciable CO was not converted to CO2 in autoclaved or gamma-irradiated soil. Heating the soil for 25 min at 70 degrees C destroyed its CO-oxidizing activity. The incorporation of 14CO2 into the cells of microorganisms in soil and soil suspension was not enhanced by incubating the samples in the presence of CO, suggesting that CO oxidation was not the result of autotrophic metabolism. The oxidation of 17 mu 1 of CO per liter in the head space was nearly complete in 6 h in soil incubated in air or anaerobically.
Spieltheoretische Behandlung eines Oligopolmodells mit Nachfrageträgheit

Herr Ulrich Rabenstein, Gottingen, ist beim Durchrechnen numerischer Beispiele auf Unstimmigkeiten gestosen, uber die er mich dankenswerterweise informiert hat. Diese Unstimmigkeiten waren auf den Fehler in Gleichung (71) zuruckzufuhren. Diese Gleichung wird ubrigens spater nicht mehr benutzt, auch nicht in Teil II, Band 121, Heft 4, (1965), S. 667-689. Deshalb braucht auser (71) nichts berichtigt zu werden.
The Role of Race and English Proficiency on the Health of Older Immigrants

This study applies the Commission on Social Determinants of Health model to identify the effect of ethnicity/race and English proficiency on the health of older immigrants. California Health Interview Survey data of foreign-born respondents aged 65 and over were used to examine the four outcomes of health-related quality of life (HRQOL). The study included 1,196 immigrant Latinos, Asians, and non-Hispanic Whites. The results show that ethnicity/race-based differences in HRQOL exist. Furthermore, the results indicate that English proficiency has a significant moderating relationship on racial/ethnic background. The likelihood of reporting more Limited Combined Days increased with lower levels of English proficiency for both Latino and Asian-American old adults as compared to non-Hispanic Whites. In addition to focusing on racial disparities, health promotion efforts with older immigrants need to examine language-based stratification. Social work and gerontological advocates need to develop and employ evidence-based interventions that reach limited-English-proficient older immigrants to address the health, psychosocial, and access to health care challenges they face.
Effects of the mutation R145G in human cardiac troponin I on the kinetics of the contraction–relaxation cycle in isolated cardiac myofibrils

Familial hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (FHC) has been linked to mutations in sarcomeric proteins such as human cardiac troponin I (hcTnI). To elucidate the functional consequences of the mutation hcTnIR145G on crossbridge kinetics, force kinetics were analysed in murine cardiac myofibrils carrying either the mutant or the wild‐type protein. The mutation was introduced into the myofibrils in two different ways: in the first approach, the endogenous Tn was replaced by incubation of the myofibrils with an excess of reconstituted recombinant hcTn containing either hcTnIWT or hcTnIR145G. Alternatively, myofibrils were isolated either from non‐transgenic or transgenic mice expressing the corresponding mcTnIR146G mutation. In myofibrils from both models, the mutation leads to a significant upward shift of the passive force–sarcomere length relation determined at pCa 7.5. Addition of 5 mm BDM (2,3‐butandione‐2‐monoxime), an inhibitor of actomyosin ATPase partially reverses this shift, suggesting that the mutation impairs the normal function of cTnI to fully inhibit formation of force‐generating crossbridges in the absence of Ca2+. Maximum force development (Fmax) is significantly decreased by the mutation only in myofibrils exchanged with hcTnIR145Gin vitro. Ca2+ sensitivity of force development was reduced by the mutation in myofibrils from transgenic mice but not in exchanged myofibrils. In both models the rate constant of force development kACT is reduced at maximal [Ca2+] but not at low [Ca2+] where it is rather increased. Force relaxation is significantly prolonged due to a reduction of the relaxation rate constant kREL. We therefore assume that the impairment in the regulatory function of TnI by the mutation leads to modulations in crossbridge kinetics that significantly alter the dynamics of myofibrillar contraction and relaxation.