Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Zuo Gui Wan Alters Expression of Energy Metabolism Genes and Prevents Cell Death in High-Glucose Loaded Mouse Embryos

Background Zuo Gui Wan (ZGW) is a classic formula in traditional chinese medicine (TCM). Previous studies have shown that it is beneficial for impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) of adults and the offspring as well. This study aimed to understand the molecular mechanisms of the efficacy of ZGW on IGT. Methods We used high-glucose loaded 2-cell stage mouse embryos as a model and took advantage of single-cell RNA sequencing technology to analyze the transcriptome of the model with or without ZGW. Differential gene expression analysis was performed with DESeq2. Results High glucose can downregulate genes in the ribosome pathway, while ZGW can reverse this inhibition and as a result prevent embryo cell death caused by high glucose. Furthermore, high glucose can affect sugar metabolism and influence mitochondrial function, but ZGW can promote sugar metabolism via the tricarboxylic acid cycle mainly through upregulating the genes in the respiratory chain and oxidative phosphorylation. Conclusions ZGW had a protective effect on embryonic cell death caused by glucose loading. The reversion of inhibition of ribosome pathway and regulation of mitochondrial energy metabolism are main effects of ZGW on high-glucose loaded embryos. This research not only revealed the global gene regulation changes of high glucose affecting 2-cell stage embryos but also provided insight into the potential molecular mechanisms of ZGW on the IGT model.
Apple Intrinsic Factors Modulating the Global Regulator, LaeA, the Patulin Gene Cluster and Patulin Accumulation During Fruit Colonization by Penicillium expansum

The mycotoxin patulin is produced in colonized tissue by Penicillium expansum during storage of apples and is significantly affected by environmental factors that contribute to its accumulation. Few reports have, however, examined the effect of natural intrinsic factors associated with the fruit on the production of patulin. Here, we find that with advancing maturity, Golden Delicious apples show increased concentrations of total soluble solids (TSS) from 14 to 17% associated with the increased expression of the global transcription factor involved in regulation of secondary metabolite biosynthesis in filamentous fungi, laeA expression and patulin accumulation. However, the apple cultivar Granny Smith, with similar TSS values but differing in pH levels and malic acid concentrations, showed reduced expression levels of laeA and the patulin biosynthesis gene cluster (pat genes) and patulin accumulation, suggesting a complexity of host factors contribution to patulin accumulation during P. expansum colonization. To start elucidating these apple intrinsic factors, we examined their in vitro impact on laeA and pat gene expression concomitant with patulin synthesis. Increasing sucrose concentrations from 15 to 175 mM repressed laeA and pat gene expression and patulin production. However, this affect was modified and often reversed and sometimes accentuated by changes in pH, or the addition of malic acid or the major apple phenolic compounds, chlorogenic acid and epicatechin. While the increase in malic acid from 0 to 1% increased laeA and pat gene expression, the decrease in pH from 3.5 to 2.5 reduced their expression. Also the increased laeA and pat genes expressions at increasing epicatechin concentrations from 0 to 1 mM, was reversed by increasing sucrose concentrations, all together suggesting the complexity of the interactions in vivo.
Measurement and Modeling of Heat Conduction in MEMS Nanostructures

Heat transfer phenomena in nanostructures are supposed not to obey the classic Fourier heat transfer theory. Therefore, in order to verify this hypothesis nanostructures containing 100 nm-thin cavities filled with air or silicon dioxide were designed and manufactured. These structures include thin film platinum resistors located directly over and under the cavities. The resistors might serve either as heat sources or temperature sensors. This paper discusses in detail the experimental results of their thermal characterization and preliminary temperature measurements which are used to validate their thermal models. These experiments showed that it is possible to attain in the structures reasonable temperature gradients and temperature sensitivity allowing accurate temperature measurements with high temporal resolution.
Improved Soft Pilot Reuse Combined with Time-Shifted Pilots in Massive MIMO Systems

Each user inside the cell of massive multiple- input multiple-output (MIMO) system suffers from severe pilot contamination (PC), which directly decreases the quality of service. To mitigate the PC, this paper proposes an improved soft pilot reuse scheme combined with time-shifted pilot arrangement, named by TS-SPR. First, we divide the users inside the cell into two parts: the center users and the edge users. For the center users, we divide all cells into three groups and implement the time- shifted pilot transmissions in uplink training stage. For the edge users, a filtering approach based on fast Fourier transform (FFT) operation is proposed to extract desired signals from interfering signals by the non-overlapping angle- of-arrivals (AOAs). Simulation results show that the proposed TS-SPR scheme can effectively improve the overall performance of the system without extra cost of pilot resources.
FRVM: Flexible Random Virtual IP Multiplexing in Software-Defined Networks

Network address shuffling is one of moving target defense (MTD) techniques that can invalidate the address information attackers have collected based on the current network IP configuration. We propose a software-defined networking-based MTD technique called Flexible Random Virtual IP Multiplexing, namely FRVM, which aims to defend against network reconnaissance and scanning attacks. FRVM enables a host machine to have multiple, random, time-varying virtual IP addresses, which are multiplexed to a real IP address of the host. Multiplexing or de-multiplexing event dynamically remaps all the virtual network addresses of the hosts. Therefore, at the end of a multiplexing event, FRVM aims to make the attackers lose any knowledge gained through the reconnaissance and to disturb their scanning strategy. In this work, we analyze and evaluate our proposed FRVM in terms of the attack success probability under scanning attacks and target host discovery attacks.
Inhibition of Japanese encephalitis virus infection by the host zinc-finger antiviral protein

CCCH-type zinc-finger antiviral protein (ZAP) is a host factor that restricts the infection of many viruses mainly through RNA degradation, translation inhibition and innate immune responses. So far, only one flavivirus, yellow fever virus, has been reported to be ZAP-resistant. Here, we investigated the antiviral potential of human ZAP (isoform ZAP-L and ZAP-S) against three flaviviruses, Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV), dengue virus (DENV) and Zika virus (ZIKV). Infection of JEV but not DENV or ZIKV was blocked by ZAP overexpression, and depletion of endogenous ZAP enhanced JEV replication. ZAP hampered JEV translation and targeted viral RNA for 3′-5′ RNA exosome-mediated degradation. The zinc-finger motifs of ZAP were essential for RNA targeting and anti-JEV activity. JEV 3′-UTR, especially in the region with dumbbell structures and high content of CG dinucleotide, was mapped to bind ZAP and confer sensitivity to ZAP. In summary, we identified JEV as the first ZAP-sensitive flavivirus. ZAP may act as an intrinsic antiviral factor through specific RNA binding to fight against JEV infection.
Optimal Energy Management of a Parallel Hybrid Truck for Fuel Consumption Comparative Study

Fuel consumption is a critical issue of hybrid vehicles, especially the heavy-duty ones. Studies on energy saving ability considering different power and energy capabilities of the electrical components are therefore of interest. This paper aims to compare the maximal fuel saving of the hybrid truck with different hybridizations. Modeling, control, and energy management of the system are carried out using Energetic Macroscopic Representation formalism. Dynamic programming is employed as a global optimization-based strategy for energy management of the vehicle. An 8.5-ton parallel hybrid truck primarily driven by a 147-kW internal combustion engine is under study. Simulation results point out a preferred hybridization option by using a 120-kW electrical machine supplied by a 19.4-kWh Li-ion battery pack. A respective 21.6% reduction of fuel consumption is reported for USA FTP Highway driving cycle.
Performance Evaluation of THz Wireless Systems Operating in 275-400 GHz Band

In this paper, we establish an appropriate system model for the terahertz (THz) wireless links in the range of 275 to 400 GHz, which accommodates the channel particularities and transceivers parameters. The former includes the frequency selectivity, pathloss, as well as the atmospheric conditions, namely temperature and pressure, whereas the latter are assumed to be consisted of the antenna gains as well as the power allocation of the transmitted signal. Moreover, we present analytical expressions of low computational complexity, for the evaluation of the average SNR, and capacity of the line of sight wireless THz links. These expressions are expected to be the key tools for the design of the THz link.
The Influence of Interference Sources on a Magnetic Field-Based Current Sensor for Multiconductor Measurement

Magnetic sensor arrays have been widely regarded as the practical implementations of current transducers, due to their ability to meet the demands for low power consumption and high accuracy in a wide frequency range. However, when used to reconstruct the currents flowing in the massive parallel conductors, e.g., a three-phase system, the setup still proves to be susceptible to the effects of external magnetic fields. In an effort to improve the immunity of this method, a differential array of magnetic field sensors is investigated. In this differential approach, the Moore–Penrose inversion method (least square inversion method) is used to obtain the set of currents at different positions inside the sensor from the measurement of the radial difference of the magnetic fields. The measurements, which were conducted in this paper, show that the differential array has a reduced crosstalk error when compared with a usual single-annular array of the same size and thus shown an improved immunity to the external magnetic fields by a factor of three and better.
Validation of a Real-Time Geometry-Based Stochastic Channel Model for Vehicular Scenarios

The performance of wireless communication systems is fundamentally determined by wireless communication channel properties. Wireless vehicular communication channels exhibit multipath propagation and non-stationary channel statistics. Methods and tools for the repeatable test of wireless communication systems and signal processing algorithms in such environments are urgently needed to enable the development of reliable communication links with low-latency. In this paper we present the measurement and validation of a real time channel emulation method for non-stationary vehicular scenarios based on a geometry-based stochastic channel model.
Performance of Interleaved OFDM-IM over Frequency-Selective Fading Channels

Orthogonal frequency division multiplexing with index modulation (OFDM-IM) can provide a good performance with a diversity technique. However, the performance improve- ment depends on the correlation of the frequency-domain channel coefficients, which is usually high if the number of paths is limited. In this paper, in order to see the impact of interleaving on the performance with a diversity technique, we derive a closed- form expression for the pairwise error probability (PEP). From simulation results, we can confirm that the theoretical results agree with them and help understand the role of interleaving in conjunction with a diversity technique.
Elderly Stroke Rehabilitation: Overcoming the Complications and Its Associated Challenges

There have been many advances in management of cerebrovascular diseases. However, stroke is still one of the leading causes of disabilities and mortality worldwide with significant socioeconomic burden. This review summarizes the consequences of stroke in the elderly, predictors of stroke rehabilitation outcomes, role of rehabilitation in neuronal recovery, importance of stroke rehabilitation units, and types of rehabilitation resources and services available in Singapore. We also present the challenges faced by the elderly stroke survivors in the local setting and propose strategies to overcome the barriers to rehabilitation in this aging population.
Reliable Uncertainty Estimates in Deep Neural Networks using Noise Contrastive Priors

Obtaining reliable uncertainty estimates of neural network predictions is a long standing challenge. Bayesian neural networks have been proposed as a solution, but it remains open how to specify their prior. In particular, the common practice of a standard normal prior in weight space imposes only weak regularities, causing the function posterior to possibly generalize in unforeseen ways on inputs outside of the training distribution. We propose noise contrastive priors (NCPs) to obtain reliable uncertainty estimates. The key idea is to train the model to output high uncertainty for data points outside of the training distribution. NCPs do so using an input prior, which adds noise to the inputs of the current mini batch, and an output prior, which is a wide distribution given these inputs. NCPs are compatible with any model that can output uncertainty estimates, are easy to scale, and yield reliable uncertainty estimates throughout training. Empirically, we show that NCPs prevent overfitting outside of the training distribution and result in uncertainty estimates that are useful for active learning. We demonstrate the scalability of our method on the flight delays data set, where we significantly improve upon previously published results.
Novel aspects of antiplatelet therapy in cardiovascular disease

Antiplatelet therapy is a cornerstone in the secondary prophylaxis of adverse cardiovascular events such as myocardial infarction and stroke. The cyclooxygenase inhibitor aspirin remains the most frequently prescribed antiplatelet drug, followed by adenosine diphosphate P2Y12 receptor blockers. Glycoprotein IIb‐IIIa antagonists are intravenously available antiplatelet agents preventing platelet‐to‐platelet aggregation via the fibrinogen receptor. The thrombin receptor inhibitor vorapaxar allows the targeting of yet a third pathway of platelet activation. Despite the advent of novel agents and major advances in antiplatelet treatment over the last decade, atherothrombotic events still impair the prognosis of many patients with cardiovascular disease. Consequently, antiplatelet therapy remains a field of intense research and a large number of studies on its various aspects are published each year. This review article summarizes recent developments in antiplatelet therapy in cardiovascular disease focusing particularly on the duration of dual antiplatelet therapy, new treatment regimens, the role of platelet function testing, and potential future targets of antiplatelet agents.
Composite right/left-handed antenna based on triangle substrate integrated waveguide cavity

A electrical small antenna, based on composite right/left handed (CRLH) unit cell, is proposed in this paper. The proposed CRLH antenna consists of a thin equilateral triangle substrate integrated waveguide (SIW) cavity with the etched interdigital slot on the bottom metal surface which is fed by a grounded co-planar waveguide (GCPW). The interdigital slot acts as a series capacitor as well as a radiator leading to a CRLH antenna application. The electrical size of antenna is effectively reduced by introducing both the interdigital slot and triangle substrate integrated waveguide (SIW) cavity. Compared to other SIW antenna, the present design has a smaller cavity size. Besides, our antenna shows advantages in terms of high efficiency, simplicity, easy fabrication and integration with other circuits.
NOMA and IDMA in Random Access Systems - Invited Paper

We show that non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA) and orthogonal multiple access (OMA) have similar performance in systems with centralized control and perfect channel state information (CSI). Otherwise, NOMA has distinct advantages over OMA. We outline a randomized power control (RPC) strategy for NOMA. RPC can provide significantly enhanced throughput in random access systems with successive interference cancelation (SIC) or iterative detection. We also show that interleave division multiple access (IDMA) is a simple implementation technique for NOMA to facilitate RPC.
Iterative evaluation of LSTM cells

In this work we present a modification in the conventional flow of information through a LSTM network, which we consider well suited for RNNs in general. The modification leads to a iterative scheme where the computations performed by the LSTM cell are repeated over a constant input and cell state values, while updating the hidden state a finite number of times. We provide theoretical and empirical evidence to support the augmented capabilities of the iterative scheme and show examples related to language modeling. The modification yields an enhancement in the model performance comparable with the original model augmented more than 3 times in terms of the total amount of parameters.
Lateral  $\beta$ -Ga2O3 Schottky Barrier Diode on Sapphire Substrate With Reverse Blocking Voltage of 1.7 kV

In this paper, we report on achieving the first high performance lateral <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\beta $ </tex-math></inline-formula>-Ga<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> Schottky barrier diode (SBD) on sapphire substrate via transferring <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\beta $ </tex-math></inline-formula>-Ga<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> nano-membrane channel from a low dislocation density bulk <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\beta $ </tex-math></inline-formula>-Ga<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> substrate. Non field-plated lateral SBDs with Schottky–Ohmic contact distance of 4, 6, 11, and <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$15 \mu$ </tex-math></inline-formula>m demonstrate a reverse breakdown voltage (BV) of 0.64, 0.85, 1.2, and 1.7 kV with on resistance (<inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$R_\text {on}$ </tex-math></inline-formula>) of 47, 66, 91, and 190 <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\omega \cdot $ </tex-math></inline-formula>mm, respectively. This lateral <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$R_{\text {on}, \text{sp}}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> ~ BV performance is comparable to that of vertical SBDs. Combining with 10<sup>7</sup> ~ 10<sup>8</sup> high temperature current on/off ratio, <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\beta $ </tex-math></inline-formula>-Ga<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> SBD shows its great promise for power rectifying once the <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\beta $ </tex-math></inline-formula>-Ga<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> drift layer epitaxial growth becomes more mature.
Infectious bursal disease virus in poultry: current status and future prospects

Infectious bursal disease virus (IBDV) affects immature B lymphocytes of the bursa of Fabricius and may cause significant immunosuppression. It continues to be a leading cause of economic losses in the poultry industry. IBDV, having a segmented double-stranded RNA genome, is prone to genetic variation. Therefore, IBDV isolates with different genotypic and phenotypic diversity exist. Understanding these features of the virus and the mechanisms of protective immunity elicited thereof is necessary for developing vaccines with improved efficacy. In this review, we highlighted the pattern of virus evolution and new developments in prophylactic strategies, mainly the development of new generation vaccines, which will continue to be of interest for research as well as field application in the future.
Design and experiment of varactor tuned digital reconfigurable reflective metasurface unit

A new reconfigurable reflective metasurface unit cell tuned by varactors is proposed in this paper. The proposed unit cell constitutes of two layers, which is metasurface patch and ground plane respectively. The reflection of this unit cell can achieve in excess of 330° phase shift at 5GHz while bias voltage ranges within 0∼5V. Meanwhile, experiment based on a waveguide is carried out for verifying the simulation model and correctness of the bias line. And the experiment results agree well with the simulation ones.
Hypersensitivity to sertraline in the absence of hippocampal 5-HT1AR and 5-HTT gene expression changes following paternal corticosterone treatment

Abstract The male germ line is capable of transmitting a legacy of stress exposure to the next generation of offspring. This transgenerational process manifests by altering offspring affective behaviours, cognition and metabolism. Paternal early life trauma causes hippocampal serotonergic dysregulation in male offspring. We previously showed a transgenerational modification to male offspring anxiety-like behaviours by treatment of adult male breeders with corticosterone (CORT) prior to mating. In the present study, we used offspring from our paternal CORT model and characterised offspring serotonergic function by examining their responses to the 5HT1AR agonist, 8-OH-DPAT, and the selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor, sertraline. We also examined whether post-weaning environmental enrichment, a paradigm well-known to modulate serotonergic signalling in the brain, had the capacity to normalise the anxiety phenotype of male offspring. Finally, we assessed gene expression levels of 5HT1AR and serotonin transporter in the offspring hippocampus to determine whether deficits in gene transcription contributed to the male-only anxiety phenotype. We report that male and female offspring of CORT-treated fathers are hypersensitive to sertraline but have normal hypothermic responses to 8-OH-DPAT. No deficits in htr1a and sert were found in association with paternal CORT treatment, and environmental enrichment did not rescue the anxiety phenotype of male offspring on the elevated-plus maze. These findings indicate that varying forms of paternal stress exert different effects on offspring brain serotonergic function.
Feed-forward active noise control system using microphone array

Feedforward active noise control ( ANC ) system are widely used to reduce the wide-band noise in different application. In feedforward ANC systems, when the noise source is unknown, the misplacement of the reference microphone may violate the causality constraint. We present a performance analysis of the feedforward ANC system under a noncausal condition. The ANC system performance degrades when the degree of noncausality increases. This research applies the microphone array technique to feedforward ANC systems to solve the unknown noise source problem. The generalized cross-correlation ( GCC ) and steering response power ( SRP ) methods based on microphone array are used to estimate the noise source location. Then, the ANC system selects the proper reference microphone for a noise control algorithm. The simulation and experiment results show that the SRP method can estimate the noise source direction with 84% accuracy. The proposed microphone array integrated ANC system can dramatically improve the system performance.