Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Streamlining Assessment using a Knowledge Metric

This paper proposes an efficient tool-supported methodology for marking student assignment answers according to a knowledge metric. This metric gives a coarse hint of student answer quality based on Shannon entropy. The methodology supports marking student assignments across each sub-assignment answer, and the metric sorts the answers, so that the most comprehensive textual answers typically get the highest ranking, and can be marked first. This ensures that the teacher quickly gets an overview over the range of answers, which allows for determining a consistent marking scale in order to reduce the risk of scale sliding or hitting the wrong scale level during marking. This approach is significantly faster and more consistent than using the traditional approach, marking each assignment individually.
The Ethics of Online Coverage of Recruiting High School Athletes

Coverage of the recruitment of high school athletes has exploded in the last decade as the advent of the Internet turned a once-obscure type of coverage into a multimillion-dollar industry. The demand for information about college football recruits has led to new ethical challenges for Web-based publications. This survey of sport media identifies some of the ethical challenges associated with such coverage and proposes a code of ethics for Web-based media outlets. Media covering high school recruiting can use these guidelines to gain and maintain credibility, to uphold a high level of ethics, and to avoid restrictions or rules mandated by an outside source in a specialized beat where high school students are the primary subjects.
Effect of pancreatic polypeptide on rat dorsal vagal complex neurons.

1. Pancreatic polypeptide (PP) microinjected into the dorsal vagal complex (DVC) elevates gastric activity through a vagal mechanism. Thus, it was hypothesized that PP alters the activity of nuclei comprising the DVC, i.e. the nucleus tractus solitarii (NTS) and the dorsal motor nucleus (DMN). 2. In vivo and in vitro approaches were used. For in vivo studies, micropipettes were used for recording and injecting vehicle or PP. Neurons were identified as NTS or DMN using orthodromic and antidromic activation, respectively, following vagal stimulation. Gastric‐related DVC neurons were located using antral inflation. For in vitro studies, DMN neurons were recorded from medullary slices. 3. Of the twenty‐eight NTS and DMN neurons identified, fifteen were activated, six inhibited and seven unaffected after PP microinjection. Forty‐two gastric‐related neurons were located in the DVC, of which twenty‐five were stimulated by PP and seventeen exhibited no change. No gastric‐related cells were inhibited. 4. For in vitro studies, 66% of DMN neurons were activated by PP (n = 27/47) while the remaining 33% were inhibited (n = 14/47). Similar results were obtained in normal or synaptic blockade media. 5. These results support the hypothesis that PP alters DVC neuronal activity, which may thereby lead to the previously observed alterations in gastric activity.
THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN ACETYLCHOLINE RELEASE FROM BRAIN SLICES AND THE ACETYLCHOLINE CONTENT OF SUBCELLULAR FRACTIONS PREPARED FROM BRAIN

Abstract— Acetylcholine (ACh) release from sliced cerebral cortex of rats was measured when the tissue was incubated in a high K+ (46 mm) medium containing eserine. In the absence of hemicholinium (HC‐3), ACh release was well maintained, but in the presence of HC‐3, ACh release declined within 15–20 min. Subcellular fractions representing nerve‐ending free (cytoplasmic) ACh and nerve‐ending bound ACh were prepared from slices that had been stimulated to release ACh in the presence of HC‐3. Both nerve‐ending stores of ACh were depleted when their content was compared to tissue that had not been stimulated and there was no demonstrable difference in the rate of depletion of either of the two fractions. Stimulating slices with K+ in the absence of HC‐3 also depleted cytoplasmic and vesicle‐bound ACh. It is concluded that, under these experimental conditions, both nerve ending stores of ACh are available for release and that, in the absence of HC‐3, ACh synthesis can maintain ACh release, but cannot maintain tissue ACh content.
RNA folding: Pseudoknots, loops and bulges

The three‐dimensional structures adopted by RNA molecules are crucial to their biological functions. The nucleotides of an RNA molecule interact to form characteristic secondary‐structure mctifs. Tertiary interactions orient these secondary‐structure elements with respect to each other to form the functional RNA. Here we describe the basic structural elements with special emphasis on a novel tertiary motif, the pseudoknot.
Risk of uterine rupture during labor among women with a prior cesarean delivery.

BACKGROUND Each year in the United States, approximately 60 percent of women with a prior cesarean delivery who become pregnant again attempt labor. Concern persists that a trial of labor may increase the risk of uterine rupture, an uncommon but serious obstetrical complication. METHODS We conducted a population-based, retrospective cohort analysis using data from all primiparous women who gave birth to live singleton infants by cesarean section in civilian hospitals in Washington State from 1987 through 1996 and who delivered a second singleton child during the same period (a total of 20,095 women). We assessed the risk of uterine rupture for deliveries with spontaneous onset of labor, those with labor induced by prostaglandins, and those in which labor was induced by other means; these three groups of deliveries were compared with repeated cesarean delivery without labor. RESULTS Uterine rupture occurred at a rate of 1.6 per 1000 among women with repeated cesarean delivery without labor (11 women), 5.2 per 1000 among women with spontaneous onset of labor (56 women), 7.7 per 1000 among women whose labor was induced without prostaglandins (15 women), and 24.5 per 1000 among women with prostaglandin-induced labor (9 women). As compared with the risk in women with repeated cesarean delivery without labor, uterine rupture was more likely among women with spontaneous onset of labor (relative risk, 3.3; 95 percent confidence interval, 1.8 to 6.0), induction of labor without prostaglandins (relative risk, 4.9; 95 percent confidence interval, 2.4 to 9.7), and induction with prostaglandins (relative risk, 15.6; 95 percent confidence interval, 8.1 to 30.0). CONCLUSIONS For women with one prior cesarean delivery, the risk of uterine rupture is higher among those whose labor is induced than among those with repeated cesarean delivery without labor. Labor induced with a prostaglandin confers the highest risk.
THE INFLUENCE ANALYSIS OF INTEGRATED MARKETING COMMUNICATION MIX ON CONSUMER PURCHASING DECISION - STUDY CASE OF PT. MULTI CITRA ABADI

ABSTRACT Nowadays , every company ha s their own marketing strategy to survive in market competition, but sometimes the marketing communication campaign was out-of-date and the improvement comes slow. Moreover, marketing methods were not efficient, because most of the consumer does not know about the products or even the company’s profile. According that, the company shou l d have to improve and have an appropriate marketing communication strategy. The aim of this research is to analyze the influence of integrated marketing communication mix on consumer purchasing decision. The case study of this research is PT. Multi Citra Abadi as known as Multimart. The population is Manado people who have an experience purchasing in Multimart. The sample is taken by 100 respondents. Result shows Advertising, Public Relation, Personal Selling, Sales Promotion and Direct Marketing have significant influence on Consumer Purchasing Decision. The company should pay more attention on integrated marketing communication strategy to increase sales. Keywords: Integrated Marketing Communication, Advertising, Public Relation, Personal Selling, Sales Promotion, Direct Marketing, Consumer Purchasing Decision
Band pass filters for ultra wideband systems

In this work, a new type of planar band pass filters with application in ultra wideband systems is proposed. The devices consist on microstrip lines with complementary split ring resonators (CSRR) etched on the ground plane, and shunt connected stubs. Coupling between adjacent resonators is achieved by means of /spl lambda//4 lines, acting as impedance inverters. To illustrate the potentiality of the proposed approach a 3-stage prototype band pass filter with 90% fractional bandwidth has been designed. By cascading two additional CSRR to the filter in order to reject the first and second spurious bands, it is found that the filter exhibits very good out-of-band performance with 30dB suppression up to three times the central filter frequency.
A study on isolation of chemical constituents from Sophora flavescens Ait. and their anti-glioma effects.

BACKGROUND Sophora flavescens Ait. is a traditional Chinese medicine with a long history in China. It is mainly used in the treatment of heat dysentery and similar ailments in the clinical. The objective of this paper was to isolate, purify and identify alkaloids from Sophora flavescens Ait. and to explore their inhibitory effects on C6 glioma cells. MATERIALS AND METHODS Column chromatography, extraction and NMR spectroscopy were used to structurally identify the isolated compounds. MTT assay and flow cytometry were used to detect the inhibitory effect of matrine on C6 cells. RESULTS Three compounds were isolated from Sophora flavescens Ait. , namely matrine, oxymatrine and lupeol. Different concentrations of matrine solution all had inhibitory effects on growth of C6 cell lines, which showed apparent dose-effect relationship. Compared with the control group, proportion of G0/G1 phase cells increased in each matrine concentration group to a maximum of 79.8%; proportion of S phase cells reduced, and proportion of G2/M phase cells declined slightly to a minimum of 6.3%, suggesting that after the action of matrine proliferation of C6 cells was significantly inhibited and the cells were arrested in the G1 phase. CONCLUSION We concluded that Sophora flavescens Ait. has an inhibitory effect on C6 cell proliferation.
Actual changes in the sugar cane chain: challenges and directions for Growers associations

Brazil is a country moved by agribusiness, being among the leading suppliers of many products in the world such as sugar, orange juice, beef, soybeans, poultry meat and others. This assertion is evidenced by the numbers of its trade balance. In 2012 the Brazilian trade balance had a surplus of $ 19.5 billion. This amount includes all participating industrys of the national economy, however, when is considered just the trade balance of Brazilian agribusiness, the surplus was about $ 80 billion in the same year, which makes clear the high importance of agribusiness in the Brazilian economy (BRASIL? , 2013). The sugar cane industry specifically, is currently experiencing a period where production costs have risen and the growers income as well as sugar millers income have decreased, due to the depressed prices of ethanol and the volatile price of sugar as usual, coming to presure the sugar cane chain as a whole. Considering sugar cane production, there are different ways how sugar cane is produced, being own production from sugar cane mills (on their own lands or rented lands) normally within large areas and and the production from independent sugar growers of varios sizes and technical levels. Particularly, the independent sugarcane growers, with less scale power, have suffered from this economic context and have tried as a solution to imporve his results, a better cost management, either through better negotiations or better crop management, and along with these efforts, by increasing his productivity.Concomitantly, one may suggest that the associativism (a collective action among sugar cane growers) must be a way to solve this set of problems since the growers groups gain strength for better negotiations, scale to reduce costs and share techniques that provide increased productivity (CONEJERO, 2011; OSLON, 1999). The purpose of this article was to discuss how collective organizations have been affected by changes occurring in the political, economic and social environments and how they could position themselves to face such changes, strengthening the association role of maintaing profitably the sugar cane grower within the sugar cane chain. In this article was performed a discussion of the main issues that the Brazilian sugar cane chain is facing and how growers organizations can help the independente grower to maintain its activity. The results show actions and directions that a grower association may take considering its internal and external analizys.
Prioritization of Pull Factors of Turkey as a Destination for Iranian Tourists

Every year a large number of Iranian tourists choose Turkey as a travel destination. In this research using the performed researches and Delphi model, pull factors of turkey are recognized and then by the same method 5 criteria are recognized to analyze these factors and weighted by pair-wise comparison. In the last step the importance of each pull factor is ranked. Results indicate that varied attractions, low expenses in destination, performing activities which are not available in the country of origin and accessibility are of high importance for Iranian tourists. However, Iranian tourists are not much interested in main attractions of the Turkey (natural and cultural attractions). Library-based studies are used for preparing theoretical fundamentals and research background and questionnaires are used for collecting information to determine the importance and prioritization of the factors. The sample of the research include technical managers of travel agencies located in different parts of the country.
A tunable dispersion compensator comprised of cascaded single-cavity etalons

We present a tunable dispersion compensator comprised of phase-tuned single-cavity Gires-Tournois etalons. A procedure for optimizing the design is presented and the performance of optimized designs are given as a function of the dispersion tuning range and the number of etalons. The measured performance of a five-etalon device with a /spl plusmn/500-ps/nm dispersion tuning range is also presented.
2 D MoS 2 and heterostructures : Processing by CVD and ALE and Raman spectroscopy based quality control

Elisha Mercado2,4,Daan Van den Goor3,4, Andy Goodyear1, Jonathan Moffat4, Rene Vervuurt3, Shashank Balasubramanyam3, Ageeth Bol3, Mike Cooke1 1Oxford Instruments Plasma Technology, North End Yatton, Bristol, UK 2H. H. Wills Physics Laboratory, University of Bristol, BS8 1TL, United Kingdom 3Eindhoven University of Technology, Department of Applied Physics, Eindhoven, The Netherlands. 4Oxford Instruments Asylum Research, High Wycombe, HP12 3SE, United Kingdom
Red blood cell alloantibodies and liver transplantation in Chinese patients

Background. Red blood cell (RBC) alloantibodies are present in up to 14% of white recipients of liver transplants and can cause severe delayed hemolysis. Methods. A retrospective survey showed 17 cases (8.8%) of RBC alloantibodies in 192 consecutive Chinese recipients of liver transplants compared with a background hospital incidence of 3.7%. Results. The spectrum of RBC alloantibodies in Chinese patients was different than in white patients, with no anti-D or anti-K antibodies but a significant incidence of anti-Mi (29%) antibodies. There was a significantly increased incidence of transfusions in RBC alloantibody positive cases. Delayed hemolysis also resulted in higher day-7 bilirubin levels. A total of 7 to 86 antigen-positive units were issued in five RBC alloantibody cases, including three early deaths. Seven cases in the RBC alloantibody negative group, but none in the positive group, were salvaged by regraft. Conclusions. Blood banks servicing transplant centers should be aware of ethnic patterns in RBC alloantibodies. Delayed hemolysis may jeopardize patient survival as the result of difficult postoperative stabilization, especially in cases requiring massive transfusion.
Experimental Investigation of Mechanical Properties of 3 D-Printing Built Composite Material

This paper studies the mechanical behaviors of a new composite material manufactured by 3D printing and polymer impregnation techniques. This composite uses 3D-printed plaster with an open-cellular structure as a frame to encapsulate the silicone resin (PDMS) to form a solid body. Because of the vastly different characteristics of the materials that make it up, the composite could have a wide variety of mechanical behaviors. In this study, design of experiment was performed with four-point bending tests using different composition ratios and sizes of open cells to determine the mechanical properties of the composite. These properties include maximum flexural stress (σmax), flexural secant modulus of elasticity (Ef), and toughness indices (I5 and I20). The experimental results show that both Ef and σmax are proportional to the plaster content and the unit cell size, while I20 had an opposite trend. The Ef ranged from 20 to 280 MPa, and σmax ranged from 0.3 to 1.2 MPa for a 25%-75% plaster content and 3.25-6.5 mm cell size. Statistical analysis further confirmed the differences between these cases. This paper has demonstrated the capability of this composite to exert different mechanical properties for functional applications.
An Aggressive Surgical Approach Leads to Long-term Survival in Patients With Pancreatic Endocrine Tumors

Objective:To evaluate the outcome of reoperations in patients with duodenopancreatic neuroendocrine tumors (PETs) in a tertiary referral center. Summary Background Data:The management of reoperations in PETs is still controversial. Methods:A total of 125 patients with PETs that underwent surgery between 1987 and 2004 at our institution were retrospectively evaluated. The diagnosis of PETs was based on clinical symptoms, biochemical tests, and histopathology. Patients with at least one reoperation were analyzed regarding clinical characteristics, pathology, operations, and long-term follow-up. Results:A total of 33 patients with a median age of 42 years were identified for this study: 13 patients had gastrinomas, 12 patients had nonfunctional islet cell tumors, 6 patients had insulinomas, and 2 patients had vipomas; 24 patients had sporadic NETs, 9 patients had a MEN-1-syndrome; 27 patients had histologically verified malignant tumors; 33 initial operations and 50 reoperations were performed. The initial procedures comprised 27 resections of the primary tumor and 6 explorative laparotomies; 28 of all reoperations were resections of distant metastases, including 15 liver resections; 19 resections of the pancreas or duodenum were performed during reoperations. The overall morbidity and mortality was 45% and 4.8%, respectively. After a median follow-up of 124 months (range, 16–384 months), 27 of 33 patients are still alive, 12 without evidence of disease. All 6 patients with benign tumors are still alive. The 5-, 10-, and actuarial 25-year survival rate for patients with malignant tumors were 81%, 72%, and 36%, respectively. The survival rate was significantly related to the patients age at time of initial operation and better in patients younger than 50 years compared with patients older than 50 years (P = 0.0007), and the presence or development of metastases (none or lymph node metastases versus distant metastases: P = 0.01). Conclusion:We show that an aggressive surgical approach leads to long-term survival in patients with malignant PETs. Although long-term cure can only be achieved in a proportion of patients with malignant PETs, significant long-term palliation can be achieved.
Design of Optical XOR, XNOR, NAND, and OR Logic Gates Based on Multi-Mode Interference Waveguides for Binary-Phase-Shift-Keyed Signal

We present a novel design method and potential application for optical XOR, XNOR, NAND, and OR logic gates for binary-phase-shift-keyed signal processing devices. The devices are composed of multi-mode interference waveguides and convert the phase information of the input signal to amplitude at the output. We apply the finite element method for numerical simulations, and the evaluated least ON to OFF logic-level contrast ratios for the XOR, XNOR, NAND, and OR logic gates are 21.5 dB, 21.5 dB, 22.3 dB, and 22.3 dB, respectively. The proposed logic gates are extremely promising signal processing devices for binary-phase-shift-keyed signals in packet switching systems.
A Sequence Located 4.5 to 5 Kilobases from the 5′ End of the Barley Yellow Dwarf Virus (PAV) Genome Strongly Stimulates Translation of Uncapped mRNA (*)

An infectious, in vitro transcript from a full-length cDNA clone of the barley yellow dwarf virus (PAV serotype) genome translated efficiently in a wheat germ translation extract. Deletions in a region that we call the 3′ translational enhancer, located between bases 4,513 and 5,009 in the 5,677-base genome, reduced translation of the 5′-proximal open reading frames from uncapped RNA by at least 30-fold. Deletions elsewhere in all but the 5′ end of the genome had no effect on translation. Presence of a m7G(5′)ppp(5′)G cap on the 5′ end fully restored translational efficiency of transcripts lacking the 3′ translational enhancer. The translation enhancer reduced inhibition of translation by free cap analog, did not affect RNA stability, and did not function in reticulocyte lysates. When placed in the 3′-untranslated region of uncapped mRNA encoding the β-glucuronidase gene, the translation enhancer stimulated translation more than 80-fold, in the presence of the viral, but not a plasmid-derived, 5′ leader. A polyadenylate tail could not substitute for the 3′ translation enhancer. These observations provide an extreme example, in terms of distance from the 5′ end and level of stimulation, of an mRNA in which a sequence near the 3′ end stimulates translation.
Case-based Matching Algorithm for Dynamic Web Service Discovery

With the increasing number of Web services available on the web, looking for a particular service has become very difficult, especially with the evolution of the clients’ needs. In this context, we have previously proposed the CBR-based system for semantic Web service discovery (CBR4WSD) which benefits from the advantages of CBR to address the limitations of existing approaches in terms of efficiency of the Web service selection. This paper is devoted to the study of the Retrieval phase, which is the core of our CBR4WSD system. First, we expose the stage of Retrieval preparation which is performed in the Offline discovery process. Then, we present the discoverability checking-rules that help our system to detect the feasibility of the discovery process for a given query. We also present our Retrieval algorithm that calculates the functional and the non-functional similarities before generating the global similarity measure.
Hepatitis B vaccine and risk of multiple sclerosis

The possibility that hepatitis B vaccine may cause or exacerbate multiple sclerosis stems from several case reports of onset or recurrence of symptoms of CNS demyelination shortly following vaccination. It is difficult, however, to infer causation from individual case reports since they may simply represent coincidental temporal associations with vaccination. There is only weak, nonspecific evidence to support the biological plausibility of an association between hepatitis B vaccine and multiple sclerosis. Epidemiological studies have found that hepatitis B vaccine does not increase the risk of developing multiple sclerosis or cause exacerbations. The US Institute of Medicine and other review panels have concluded that the evidence favors rejection of a causal association between hepatitis B vaccine and multiple sclerosis.