Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Insecta, Lepidoptera, Riodinidae, Nymphiidini, Aricoris terias (Godman, 1903): first records from Brazil and updated geographic distribution map

This paper provides the exact location of the first records from Brazil of Aricoris terias (Godman, 1903) and an updated geographic distributional map of the species, extending the known range of the species over 1300 km. This is also the first record of this species on a wet forest environment.
MODELING OF THE SLOW STRAIN RATE AND CONSTANT LOAD CORROSION TESTING OF AUSTENITIC STEELS USING CONTINUUM DAMAGE MECHANICS

The present work is concerned with an alternative methodology for modeling both SSR (Slow Strain Rate) and CL (Constant Load) testing based upon Continuum Damage Mechanics. The modeling accounts for the stress corrosion cracking of the specimen in corrosive environments. In this macroscopic approach, besides the classical variables (stress, total strain, plastic strain), an additional scalar variable related with the damage induced by plasticity and stress corrosion is introduced. An evolution law with environment dependent parameters is proposed for this damage variable. The model accounts for the stress corrosion effect through a reduction of the mechanical resistance of the specimen induced by the damage variable. The theoretical model was compared with the curves obtained experimentally in different acid solutions at room temperature showing a good agreement. The alloy/environments system was 304 austenitic stainless steel/acid chloride solutions.
HEXESTROL DIACETATE-INDUCED FOLLICULAR ATRESIA IN IMPUBER SHEEP

Summary An experimental group formed out of 5 ewes, 3 months old, was inoculated subcutaneously (S.C.) with 0,2 ml Sintofolin/animal , and the other served as control group. After 30 days, the ovaries were harvested th rough oophorectomy for histopathological examination. There was a large nu mber of atretic follicles in the harvested ovaries from the experimental group, and the primordial follicular store was reduced by 50%. We can observe that the hexestrol diacetate initiates and maintains the follicular atresia in young impuber sheep, with the drastic reduction of the folicullar store, compromising the female reproductively.
Occurrence of homobaric and heterobaric leaves in two forest types of southern Brazil

In ombrophilous forests, light stratification provokes different adjustments by plants for better use of the environmental conditions of each stratum. Among the morphological traits that vary with strata, the presence of bundle sheath extensions (BSEs) is related to water transport, photosynthesis, and leaf mechanical support and classifies leaves as homobaric or heterobaric. This study analyzed the proportion of these types of leaves in a Lowland Ombrophilous Dense Forest (LLODF) and a Mixed Ombrophilous Forest (MOF), and among the strata of each forest type. The morphological leaf traits of 89 LLODF tree species and 57 MOF tree species were examined. The proportion of homobaric and heterobaric leaves did not differ between forests. However, in both forest types, the distribution of species with heterobaric or homobaric leaves depended on strata, with heterobaric species occurring mainly in higher strata, and homobaric species in lower strata. Thus, light stratification acts as an ecological filter on the composition of the vegetation of these forests, favoring heterobaric species in places with higher light intensity and temperature, such as the highest strata of canopy. On the other hand, homobaric species are more frequent in lower strata, where light is less available and humidity higher.
Antioxidant and free radical scavenging activities of 5,7,3′‐trihydroxy‐3,6,4′‐trimethoxyﬂavone from Brickellia veronicaefolia

The antioxidant and antiradical activities of 5,7,3′‐trihydroxy‐3,6,4′‐trimethoxyﬂavone or centaureidin isolated and characterized from Brickellia veronicaefolia were elucidated by heat‐induced oxidation in a β‐carotene and linoleic acid system and by the 1,1‐diphenyl‐2‐picrylhydrazyl decoloration test. The centaureidin (32.1%) exhibited antioxidative activity less than that of BHT (95.5%) and α‐tocopherol (95.9%) on oxidation in a β‐carotene and linoleic acid system. A moderate antiradical effect (47.6%) compared with BHT (96.7%) and α‐tocopherol (94.6%) in DPPH decoloration test was found. Copyright © 2004 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
The Evolution of Primate Body Size: Left-skewness, Maximum Size, and Cope’s Rule

Body size is a key physiological, ecological, and evolutionary characteristic of species. Within most major clades, body size distributions follow a right-skewed pattern where most species are relatively small while a few are orders of magnitude larger than the median size. Using a novel database of 742 extant and extinct primate species’ sizes over the past 66 million years, we find that primates exhibit the opposite pattern: a left-skewed distribution. We investigate the long-term evolution of this distribution, first showing that the initial size radiation is consistent with plesiadapiformes (an extinct group with an uncertain ancestral relationship to primates) being ancestral to modern primates. We calculate the strength of Cope’s Rule, showing an initial tendency for descendants to increase in size relative to ancestors until the trend reverses 40 million years ago. We explore when the primate size distribution becomes left-skewed and study correlations between body size patterns and climactic trends, showing that across Old and New World radiations the body size distribution initially exhibits a right-skewed pattern. Left-skewness emerged early in Old World primates in a manner consistent with a previously unidentified possible maximum body size, which may be mechanistically related to primates’ encephalization and complex social groups.
Penggunaan Marka DNA dalam Seleksi Induk Ikan Kerapu Macan (Epinephelus fuscoguttatus) yang Tahan Terhadap Bakteri Vibrio alginolyticus

The objective of the present study was to use selected RAPD markers (Primer UBC-122 and YNZ-22) in parental selection to the bacterial Vibrio alginolyticus resistance in Tiger groupers (Epinephelus fuscoguttatus). Eighteen fish parent samples were challenged with Vibrio alginolyticus and parental selection was examined by a PCR-RAPD method. The results showed that from 18 fish samples, primer YNZ-22 generated 18 fragments while primer UBC-122 generated 8 fragments only (KHP, KB, HB, PB, MKH, MH, K and MK). In addition, the average number of fragments from each samples generated from primer-YNZ was higher (3,2) than from UBC-122 (2,3). This indicates that primer YNZ-22 is better than primer UBC-122 to use in parental selection to the Vibrio alginolyticus resistance in Tiger groupers. From the parental selection, five fish parents (KHP, PB, MH, K and MK) were selected for their high resistance to the bacterial Vibrio alginolyticus.
Evaluation of probiotic potentials of L. plantarum C6 isolated from cheese

Probiotic potentials of Lactobacillus plantarum C6 were evaluated through in vitro studies. Cheese isolate L. plantarum C6 culture showed maximum probiotic potentials (acid tolerance, bile tolerance, cell autoaggregation, cell surface hydrophobicity, antibiotic susceptibility, antimicrobial and antioxidative activity). In the present study, L. plantarum C6 exhibited highest viable counts against acid tolerance or low pH tolerance (at pH 3 after 2h of incubation), bile tolerance (conc. 1%), cell surface hydrophobicity against O-Xylene (39.24%), antimicrobial activity against B.cereus (zone of inhibition: 23.67mm), antioxidative activity (55.67% inhibition) following standard test methods suggested by various research workers.
Separation of 7Sγ1-Globulin, 7Sγ2-Globulin and Macroglobulin Guinea Pig Antibodies

Summary Methods have been described for separating the γ1- and γ2-globulin antibodies and the macroglobulin antibody of guinea pig sera. Use of simple stepwise elution chromatography on DEAE-cellulose results in extensive purification of γ2-globulin antibody. Purified macroglobulin antibody was prepared from relatively large amounts (170 ml) of appropriate sera by combined use of salting out, ion-exchange chromatography and gel filtration.
Innate immunosurveillance: the next frontier in the cancer immunotherapy toolbox

The concept of cancer immunosurveillance was first described almost 60 years ago by Thomas and Burnet (1). At the time, cancer immunosurveillance was largely based on the hypothesis that the immune system could destroy cancer cells. In the early to mid-2000s, Robert Schreiber’s group performed elegant experiments that provided evidence for this hypothesis and they further developed the concept of cancer immunosurveillance to cancer immunoediting, which involves three stages—elimination, equilibrium and escape (2,3).
Pre- and postsynaptic actions of pentobarbital on corticothalamic transmission

This thesis examined the preand postsynaptic actions of an anesthetic barbiturate, pentobarbital, on neurons of the corticothalamocortical system in vitro. The in vivo system mediates conscious and sleep states. The thesis focuses on pentobarbital actions that induce network oscillations, and modify responses of single thalamocortical neurons to corticothalamic stimulus trains. The thesis addressed the following: (1) does pentobarbital induce oscillations in thalamic slices? (2) what receptors contribute to oscillations? (3) how does pentobarbital interact with modulators of excitability? (4) what are pentobarbital effects on postand presynaptic parameters of glutamatergic transmission during short-term depression (STD)? (5) how do the effects of pentobarbital on STD compare with selective action potential blockade? (6) given the well-known actions of pentobarbital on metabolism, do its effects on STD mimic glucose deprivation? Pentobarbital at a subanesthetic concentration induced 1-15 Hz oscillations, requiring glutamatergic excitation, but not elevated temperature or low extracellular [Mg]. Glycine receptors mediated oscillations in ventrobasal nuclei, disconnected from nucleus reticularis thalami (nRT). γ-aminobutyrate (GABA) receptors mediated oscillations in
From skeuomorphism to flat design: age-related differences in performance and aesthetic perceptions

ABSTRACT The design of graphical user interfaces has been evolving from skeuomorph interfaces – which use elements that mimic the aesthetics and functionality of their real-world counterparts – to minimalist and flat designs. Despite the growing popularity of these new design approaches, they can be challenging for older adults who experience a decline in visual and cognitive abilities. Still, little is known about user performance, aesthetic perception, and preference of older adults, particularly in comparison to younger users and traditional skeuomorph interfaces. In this paper, we examine the performance and aesthetic perception of older (65–77 years old) and younger (20–40) adults with three design approaches: skeuomorph, skeuominimalist, and flat design. Results show flat design is either slower or less accurate than traditional skeuomorph interfaces for older adults across three tasks: visual search, identifying clickable objects, and multiple page navigation. Younger adults were less susceptible to performance differences between design approaches, but still subject to ‘click uncertainty’ with flat interfaces. Skeuominimalism did not show clear performance benefits over flat design or skeuomorphism, while the latter reduced the performance gap between age groups. Finally, younger adults preferred the simplicity of skeuominimalism, while older adults preferred skeuomorph interfaces because of the perceived usability, beauty, and trustiness.
Effect of a topical treatment with juvenile hormone analogues on dominance, ovarian development and corpora allata size in Bombus terrestris workers

Juvenile hormone analogues (JHAs) are insecticides that mimic the effect of juvenile hormone (JH), one of the main regulatory hormones in insects. Negative effects of JHAs on preimaginal stages are well known, while little is known of their effects on adults. In this study we assessed the effect of three JHAs on newly emerged workers of Bombus terrestris L. kept in queenless groups. Reproductive dominance status, oocyte length and corpora allata volume were assessed 4 and 7 days after treatment. Contrary to expectations, none of the treatments had a significant stimulating effect on ovarian development in reproductive dominant workers. Conversely, most treatments caused a significant reduction in oocyte size and in corpora allata volumes of seven-day-old reproductive subordinates, indicating a feedback loop of exogenous JHAs on these glands. The study suggests that besides JH, multiple factors influence worker ovarian activity, which makes it difficult to predict the effect of the insecticides in wild colonies.
Antibiotic production, linear plasmids and linear chromosomes in Streptomyces

Streptomyces species are saprophytic soil bacteria that have been found to carry an 8–9Mb linear chromosome. Preceding the finding of linear chromosomes from Streptomyces, linear plasmids with extensively similar structural features were isolated. Streptomyces linear chromosomes and plasmids have terminal inverted repeats (TIRs) at both ends and the 50 ends are blocked by a terminal protein. Streptomyces linear plasmids are proving to be widely distributed and involved in antibiotic production, degradation of aromatic compounds, phytopathogenicity and other functions. It appears that linear plasmids may have contributed to horizontal transfer of secondary metabolism in microorganisms. Streptomyces linear chromosomes display dynamic rearrangements, which frequently result in the formation of circular chromosomes by fusion of both deletion ends. In addition, a single crossover of the linear plasmid SCP1 and the linear chromosome of Streptomyces coelicolor A3(2) generated two chimeric linear chromosomes. These rearrangements have provided important hints on the evolution of bacterial chromosomes. Since I have been involved in many of these processes, I would like to review here the story focusing on our own results on the occasion of receiving the SAJ Award.
Adaptive Neural Network Dynamic Surface Control for Nonlinear Stochastic Systems in the Strict-Feedback Form with Prandtl-Ishlinskii Hysteresis in the Actuator

: Using the adaptive radial basis function (RBF) neural network dynamic surface control (DSC) design method, a controller design approach is presented in order to the stabilization of strict-feedback nonlinear stochastic systems subjected to Prandtl-Ishlinskii nonlinearity in the actuator. This method is capable to be applied to nonlinear stochastic systems with any unknown dynamics. According to the universal approximation capability, the RBF neural networks make it possible to approximate the unknown dynamics of the nonlinear stochastic systems. Using the minimal-learning-parameters algorithm the approximation procedure is done with a minimum complexity and required calculations. The stability of the proposed control system is proven analytically and its results are demonstrated using a simulation example. It is shown that the proposed design approach guarantees the boundedness in probability for adaptive control system, and in turn the uniformly ultimately boundedness of all closed-loop signals. It is also shown, that using this method the tracking error can be made arbitrarily small.
Immunological classification of chronic myeloid leukemia distinguishes chronic phase, imminent blastic transformation, and acute lymphoblastic leukemia.

The clinical course of chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) is highly variable and therefore it is difficult to predict the duration of the chronic phase. We studied the immunological expression of maturation patterns in 62 cases of CML (30 cases in clinical/cytological blast crisis (BC), 32 cases in clinical/cytological chronic phase (CP) by means of a double marker enzyme immuno assay (DM-EIA). Immunological findings were supplemented by Southern blots using Ig-JH-, TCRbeta- and bcr-probes. Patients in BC (n = 30) expressed high proportions of CD10, CD20, CD33, CD34 and low degrees of a mature myeloid marker (CD15). Myeloid BC bone marrow (BM) cells showed a high degree of coexpression of unusual, lineage restricted markers: 25% of CD15-positive cells also expressed markers like CD10, CD20 or CD34. In contrast, BM cells in lymphoid BC did not show this coexpression. In CP two groups were distinguished immunologically: concordant cases which were immunologically normal (n = 14) and discordant cases (n = 18) which showed increased proportions of unusual, lineage restricted markers and double labelled cells (e.g. CD15/CD34). The latter group developed clinical BC earlier during further follow up (p = 0.009). Cases of lymphoid BC (n = 11)--in contrast to acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) patients (n = 21)--did not show coexpression of CD15/CD10, CD20, CD34. These data show that blast clones can be detected in CML-CP by characteristic immunological maturation defects several months before the clinical onset of BC. Moreover, the lymphoid "blasts" of CML-BC represent a relatively differentiated lymphoid population of cells which can be distinguished from ALL by their lack of coexpression of unusual, lineage restricted markers.
Determinants of Firm Capital Structure: Empirical Evidence From Vietnam

The paper aims to investigate the factors affecting firm capital structure in the context of Vietnam. The research sample includes 290 non-financial listed companies on Vietnamese stock market. This study applied Generalized Method of Moments (GMM) to explain the research results. The paper investigates six factors influencing on firm capital structure including return on assets (ROA), return on equity (ROE), firm size, tangible assets, risks, and growth. The empirical results show that return on assets, tangible assets, risks, and growth have a statistically significant positive effect on the firm capital structure while return on equity has a statistically significant negative effect on the firm capital structure. In addition, when dividing companies into sectors, the study realized that determinants of capital structure in some sectors are consistent with results for entire sample. Finally, firm size has the same impact on capital structure in oil & gas companies and material companies whereas it is not statistically significant for other companies. These evidences provide a new insight to managers on how to determine the reasonable capital structure.
Key Agreement for Decentralized Secure Group Messaging with Strong Security Guarantees

Secure group messaging protocols, providing end-to-end encryption for group communication, need to handle mobile devices frequently being offline, group members being added or removed, and the possibility of device compromises during long-lived chat sessions. Existing work targets a centralized network model in which all messages are routed through a single server, which is trusted to provide a consistent total order on updates to the group state. In this paper we adapt secure group messaging for decentralized networks that have no central authority. Servers may still optionally be used, but they are trusted less. We define decentralized continuous group key agreement (DCGKA), a new cryptographic primitive encompassing the core of a decentralized secure group messaging protocol; we give a practical construction of a DCGKA protocol and prove its security; and we describe how to construct a full messaging protocol from DCGKA. In the face of device compromise our protocol achieves forward secrecy and post-compromise security. We evaluate the performance of a prototype implementation, and demonstrate that our protocol has practical efficiency.
Validation of QTL for Oil Content in a Population of Worldwide Rapeseed Cultivars by Association Analysis

【Objective】 The objective of this study is to validate the genetic stability of 7 major QTL for oil content,which were detected in authors’ previous researches,and to assess the feasibility of marker assisted selection for improving seed oil content using closely linked functional makers. 【Method】Fourteen lipid related candidate gene markers located in the 7 QTL regions were chosen to amplify 81 core collections of Brassica napus and then a linkage disequilibrium was estimated by marker-trait association analysis.Meanwhile,the allelic distribution among 81 world-wide cultivars in each QTL was investigated. 【Result】By association analysis,significant differences in oil content were detected between favorable and unfavorable allele genotypes in each of six linked markers flanking four QTL(OilA1,OilA5,OilA7 and OilC8-1),respectively.Over 5 percentage in oil content could be increased by assembling favorable alleles together through four QTL linked markers Ra2E04,ZAAS919,ZAAS828 and ZAAS441.According to the marker genotypes,in the loci of OilA1 and OilC8-1,higher than 80% of European cultivars have carried positive alleles from "Sollux",while 80% and 60% Chinese materials contain unfavorable alleles.On OilA5 and OilA7,almost all the tested European varieties did not show favorable alleles from "Gaoyou" and for Chinese materials,also only around 20%-30% cultivars carrying these positive alleles【. Conclusion】Six orthologous gene markers(corresponding to At3g51830,At2g42450,At2g44620,At1g73600,At1g73480 and At1g13560),which closely link to OilA1,OilA5,OilA7 and OilC8-1 might be functional important in the accumulation of oil content in rapeseed.When favorable alleles from three QTL including OilA7 or all four selected QTL combined together,the oil content could be increased more than 5 percentages.The results showed that the positive alleles in screened out 4 QTL loci are potentially interesting for present breeding programs in China,while the Chinese alleles from OilA5 and OilA7 should be also attractive to rapeseed breeders in European countries.
Central nervous system demyelination and remyelination in the mouse: an ultrastructural study of cuprizone toxicity.

: Male weanling mice (Biobreeding Laboratories) exposed to the drug Cuprizone (biscyclohexanone, oxaldihydrazone) in the diet for periods of 6 weeks and longer, consistently showed almost complete demyelination of the superior cerebellar peduncle. The demyelination was primary and followed degeneration of oligodendrocytes and their processes, whereas axons remained intact. After formation of myelinic vacuoles and removal of myelin by macrophages and astrocytes, the axons became invested with astroglial processes. As part of the glial response to demyelination, numerous reactive or immature cells appeared, some of which were identified as being either astrocytic or oligodendrocytic in nature. Some mature oligodendrocytes survived. When allowed to recover on a normal diet, remyelination began within a week, and progressed until all axons were myelinated. The mechanism of remyelination appeared similar to the spiral wrapping mechanism seen in normal development. The myelinating cell in all cases was the mature oligodendrocyte. Sources for these oligodendrocytes include residual surviving oligodendrocytes, differentiation of immature forms, and possibly the perineuronal satellite cell. The sheaths eventually reached a thickness approximately half that of normal development, with a disturbed relationship between myelin thickness and axon diameter. A visual impression of shortened internodal length was obtained. It is concluded that the Cuprizone model is an excellent situation in which to study the cellular mechanisms of demyelination and remyelination.