Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A New High Step-Up DC-DC Topology with Zero DC Magnetizing Inductance Current and Continuous Input Current

A new high-voltage-gain non-isolated dc-dc topology for applications in renewable energies is proposed. A coupled inductor with three windings is used to increase the proposed topology voltage gain. In addition to increasing the voltage gain, the proposed topology also has other prominent features including continuous input current and zero dc magnetizing inductance current, which reduces the losses and size of coupled inductor core. Furthermore, the continuous input current guarantees a low-volume input filter, which is essential for renewable energy applications. The leakage inductor stored energy is recycled via the diode and capacitor and transferred to the converter output for increasing the efficiency and reducing voltage stresses on the converter components.
Design and Analysis of a Novel Truss-Shaped Variable-Stiffness Deployable Robotic Grasper

This paper presents a novel truss-shaped variable-stiffness deployable robotic grasper to grasp large unknown objects, the grasper comprises a series of basic modules and has the advantages of a large workspace, adjustable stiffness, and a high deploy/fold ratio. First, detailed mechanism designs of the grasper and variable-stiffness joint are introduced, and a mobility analysis and variable stiffness analysis are conducted. Second, the structural analysis of the basic module is carried out, by which several major indices, including deploy/fold ratio, grasping angle, deployment angle, grasping torque, and deployment torque, can be calculated. Third, kinematic analysis is presented to provide the workspace and kinematic simulation, and then the joint trajectory planning based on fifth-order polynomial is also conducted. Fourth, the condition of stable grasp is analyzed and a mathematical model of grasping motion is established. Adam optimization algorithm is then applied to optimization of the mathematical model and a grasping simulation is performed with objects of various sizes and for various working states of the variable-stiffness joint. Finally, a simple physical prototype is fabricated, and variable-stiffness experiments and grasping experiments confirm that the proposed grasper shows excellent grasping performance.
A wireless power transmission system with load regulation for implantable devices

The application of Wireless Power Transmission (WPT) has attracted more and more attention, but the energy efficiency cannot be high due to the inevitable loss. Energy efficient WPT is increasingly demanded especially in implantable devices due to their wireless inefficiency nature. In addition, many implantable devices include digital circuits such as a Microcontroller Unit (MCU) in which the supply voltage may fluctuate severely with the driving clock of digital circuits switches between ground (Gnd) and supply voltage (Vdd), since the power transmitted wirelessly is limited, and the system may even cut off under wireless charging conditions. Therefore, the load regulation is also required in a WPT system. This paper presents a WPT system with load regulation and optimized antenna design for implantable devices, for which measurement results show that the maximum transmission efficiency can reach 79.3% and it can still necessitate a large dynamic load current range. When the load current is switched between 12 uA and 5 mA, the overshoot and undershoot of the output voltage are 150 mV and 80 mV, respectively. Finally, several state-of-the-art WPT applications in biomedical devices are introduced.
Immobilisation des lactocoques

Dans l'industrie laitiere, les bacteries se retrouvent la plupart du temps sous une forme immobilisee, dans la mesure ou le lait coagule ne constitue pas un milieu liquide et ne permet donc pas aux bacteries en croissance des deplacements libres. Notre principal objectif reside dans la modelisation de la croissance immobilisee. Les lactocoques peuvent etre immobilises par un attachement sur les surfaces, la formation de chaines ou l'emprisonnement au sein d'une matrice extra cellulaire. L'utilisation d'un milieu semi-liquide comme modele d'immobilisation nous a permis de montrer que les proprietes caracteristiques de la croissance non-planctonique des lactocoques consistent en une distribution limitee dans le milieu, une croissance lente et le melange de cellules en phases stationnaires et exponentielles, et que l'immobilisation est a l'origine de l'instabilite genetique de la culture. Ces caracteristiques dependent de la composition moleculaire de la paroi cellulaire. Les cassures de peptidoglycane (PG), qui peuvent etre introduites non seulement par des PG hydrolases, mais aussi suite a des defauts de la machinerie de synthese du PG (mutation du gene ponA), sont importantes dans la croissance sous forme immobilisee des lactocoques (adhesion, sedimentation, formation de chaines). Nous avons egalement montre que les proteines ancrees a la paroi cellulaire jouent un role positif dans l'adhesion de L. lactis. Nos etudes contribuent a l'identification des determinants moleculaires responsables de la mise en place des phenomenes d'adhesion, de la formation des biofilms, et plus generalement a la connaissance du fonctionnement des bacteries lactiques dans les milieux naturels et industriels. Elles ont egalement pour objectif de definir les bases moleculaires requises pour l'etablissement de biofilms positifs, qui pourraient minimiser les risques de contamination dans l'industrie.
Phase-Shift Control of Flying Capacitor Voltages in Multilevel Converters

This paper presents a new phase shift based control method for the flying capacitor voltages of multilevel converters. The new method is immune to load current variation and other stability issues that would arise when controlling the flying capacitor voltages with existing solutions. Experimental results obtained with a 12V-to-5V, 500 kHz, 15 W, 3-Level Flying Capacitor buck converter prototype are provided detailing the proposed control strategy’s behavior, and well as its efficacy under load current and input voltage variations.
FUNCTIONAL-ADAPTIVE ANALYSIS OF THE POSTCRANIAL SKELETON OF A LAVENTAN BORHYAENOID, LYCOPSIS LONGIROSTRIS (MARSUPIALIA, MAMMALIA)

Abstract Lycopsis longirostris, a middle Miocene Colombian borhyaenoid, is compared functionally with early Miocene borhyaenoids from Patagonia and the Tasmanian thylacine Thylacinus cynocephalus, the largest Recent marsupial carnivore. The postcranium of Lycopsis shows a mosaic of features. Although several features characterizing the long bones are consistent with a primarily terrestrial mode of life (e.g., a straight ulna and tibia, a semi-digitigrade forefoot), other features like the development of mm. spinati, pectoralis and biceps and the pseudo-opposable pollex indicate that the forelimb had manipulative and grasping abilities. On the hindlimb, the poorly stabilized lower ankle joint, the short metatarsals, and the well-developed hallux also preclude fast running. When compared to three early Miocene borhyaenoids, Prothylacinus patagonicus, Cladosictis patagonica, and Borhyaena tuberata, which form a morphological gradient from the most arboreally-adapted taxon to an incipient cursorial one, Lycopsis is placed between Cladosictis and Borhyaena. Lycopsis was more likely an ambush hunter than a pounce-pursuit predator, stalking small-to medium-sized prey.
Optimal Design of H5 Bridge Based LLC Converter with Ultra-Wide Input Voltage Range and Synchronous Rectification

The dilemma between wide input range and narrow frequency band is a classic problem for the frequency modulated LLC converters. Using reconfiguring bridge can mitigate this issue effectively. However, there is a lack of systematic consideration in converter design and optimization. To address this challenge, this work introduces a six-mode LLC converter based on a reconfigurable H5 bridge, and systematically presents its optimal design methodology in ultra-wide input range applications. The dual LLC resonant tanks are driven by identical switching frequency, and provide a normalized gain range from 1 to 5. Synchronized rectification is employed on the secondary side to improve the gain and efficiency. The load distributions between dual tanks are analyzed in detail. It indicates that the equivalent output capacitance of the primary-side MOSFETs is reduced. This enhances the ZVS performance and reduces the circulating loss. The optimal design of transformer ensures a continuous voltage gain over adjacent modes. A 48V, 500W laboratory prototype is designed to validate the concept. The designed prototype is adapted to an 80V∼400V input range. The maximum efficiency is 96.95%.
Digital Controller for High-Performance Multiphase VRM with Current Balancing and Near-Ideal Transient Response

This paper introduces a digital current-programmed control for multiphase buck VRM for high-performance loads that regulates the output voltage with high accuracy, maintains current sharing of all phases for the entire operation range, and achieves optimal transient recovery for load transients. These are enabled by hybrid controller architecture that facilitates perphase average current control (ACM) for steady-state operation and a state-space based transient oriented controller that executes time-optimal or minimum-deviation recovery for loading and unloading transients. Active voltage positioning (AVP) as well as current sharing algorithms are embedded, covering all the required features to supply modern high-end loads. In addition to the high-end analog interface developed for accurate acquisition of the control signals, the digital core IP blocks (compensation, sharing, droop, etc.) and peripheral units (HRDPWM, ADC) are realized by combinatorial asynchronous logic, all with standard cells using HDL toward direct synthesis for IC implementation. The resultant compact controller (implemented on FPGA with total logic element count of 1700 elements for 4 phases) has been tested and successfully validated experimentally on Intel-certified hardware. The experimental prototype featured a 4-phase 12V to 1.xV buck VRM that drives an array of 7 DDR4 load modules, accommodating 100A load transients with transition rate of 1000A/µs, and demonstrating time-optimal recovery.
Design Automation of Power Electronic Converters a Grid Elitist Multiobjective Genetic Algorithm

Power Electronic Design Automation is a methodology using optimization algorithms that selects optimal parameters and components achieving the highest power densities and efficiencies for the lowest prices. The paper presents a MATLAB based tool for design automation of power electronic converter. It implements a grid elitist multiobjective genetic algorithm to achieve optimal design of power converters. It uses libraries of existing components for semiconductors, heat-sinks, capacitors, magnetic materials, magnetic cores, AWG wires, gate drivers, signal isolator to feed the models. The output of the optimization is a Pareto, best tradeoff between several objectives respecting numerous constraints, e.g. EMC standards, thermal limits of components, available volume. The designer can finally pickup a feasible solution among all the optimal ones where each solution is a bill of materials. This reduces dramatically the time to market. Success stories of industrial products automatically designed by the platform are presented at the end of the paper.
Problems and Solutions for an IT-Dependent Information Society: Essence, Development and Prospects

The paper deals with the phenomenon of IT-dependent society as a bifurcated derivative of the information society, which forms a discourse of excessive technogenicity, information-communicative overload, and obsessive prestigious symbolism. The chosen topic of research is highly relevant in the present conditions of social and globalization crises associated with successful, open, and timely delivery of information. The presented paper aims to establish a correlation between social and philosophical concepts, which reveal the essence of understanding of the current stage of social development of the information society. It is based on a comparative analysis of individual concepts that deal with the understanding of the phenomenon of society itself and identifying the risks of IT-dependent communication of the modern person. Section III presents the existing concepts of understanding the information society nature that leads to an understanding of all the risks of today's IT-dependent information environment. Section IV concludes the paper, revealing the main information risks the modern information society faces and giving some recommendations for the implementation of IT technologies in the educational, political, and cultural space. It has been proved that new technologies can shorten the work cycle and delivery time, accelerate the launch of new products and services on the market, improve quality and adapt the product/service while involving consumers more proactively and intensely.
Design and Analysis of Tunable Piezoelectric Transformer Based DC/DC Converter with AC Output Inductor

Tunable piezoelectric transformer (TPT) is a three-port piezoelectric transformer. Besides the input and output ports, it has a control port. From the electrical point of view, a TPT can be treated as the integration of a resonant tank and an ideal transformer, where the resonant characteristic can be tuned by the control port. Different from TPT based DC/DC converter with DC output inductor, this paper shows a TPT based DC/DC converter with AC output inductor. In this work, the physical meaning of the AC output inductor is explained from two points of view. The benefits of the input inductor, which is commonly utilized in piezoelectric transformer based converters, are also explained. With the help of the AC output inductor, the converter can achieve better efficiency and regulation compared to the one with DC output inductor.
Design and Implementation of a Medium Voltage, High Power, High Frequency Four-Port Transformer

With the growth in penetration number and power level of renewable energy resources, the need for a compact and high efficient solid state transformer becomes more important. The aim of this paper is to design a compact solid state transformer for microgrid application. The proposed transformer has four ports integrated on a single common core. Thus, it can integrate different renewable energy resources and energy storage systems. The transformer is operating at 50kHz switching frequency, and each port can handle 25kW rated power. In this paper, the ports are chosen to represent a realistic industrial microgrid model consisting of grid, energy storage system, photovoltaic system, and load. The grid port is designed to operate at 4160V AC, while the other three ports operate at 400V. Moreover, the grid, energy storage, and photovoltaic ports are active ports with dual active bridge topologies, while the load port is a passive port with full bridge rectifier one. In this paper, an extensive and complete design and modeling of the entire solid state transformer is presented. The proposed design is first validated with simulation results, and then the proposed transformer is implemented. Some preliminary experimental tests are also performed and the obtained results are reported.
Listeria monocytogenes in Aquatic Food Products—A Review

With the increased demand for lightly preserved and/or ready-to-eat (RTE) food products, the prevalence of the foodborne pathogen Listeria monocytogenes has increased, which is a public health concern. The goal for this review is to discuss the incidence, epidemiological importance, and contamination routes of L. monocytogenes in vari- ous aquatic ecosystems, seafood products, and processing environments and to summarize the data obtained since the 1990s. L. monocytogenes primarily enters the food-production chain by cross-contamination in production plants, making this pathogen a major threat to the seafood industry. This pathogen generally contaminates food products at low or moderate levels, but the levels involved in listeriosis outbreaks are significantly higher. The majority of isolates from aquatic products belong to serotype 1/2a, and outbreaks have been linked to highly similar or even indistinguishable strains. Several seafood-processing plants are colonized by specific "in-house" flora containing special DNA subtypes of L. monocytogenes. In such cases, L. monocytogenes populations can persist and/or multiply despite the inherent obstacles to their growth in food preservation and manufacturing operations. Therefore, food-processing facilities must be designed carefully with an emphasis on effective cleaning and disinfecting operations in the production line.
A Novel Reactive Power Control Mitigating a DC link Ripple voltage of Reactive Power Compensator for Distribution Line

In this paper, a reactive power compensator (RPC) is used for stabilization of the low voltage distribution line, and a novel reactive power control method of the RPC is proposed to reduce size as well as maintain its long lifetime. In the single-phase system, a 2nd harmonic component is inevitably generated in the DC link voltage, and this phenomenon gets even worse in case that the capacity of DC link capacitor decreases in order to reduce the size and cost of the RPC. A reactive power control is performed by controlling the d-axis current in the virtual synchronous reference frame, and the voltage control for maintaining the DC link voltage is implemented through the q-axis current control. The proposed method for compensating the ripple voltage effect consists of an extraction unit of DC link ripple voltage, high pass filter (HPF), and time delay unit. The HPF removes an offset component of DC link ripple voltage caused by an integrator, and a time delay unit compensates the phase leading effect due to the HPF. The compensated DC link voltage is used as a feedback component of voltage control loop in order to supply the stable reactive power. The performance of the proposed algorithm is verified through simulation and experiments. In case that DC link capacitor is reduced to 375uF, an effect of ripple voltage is reduced to 8Vpp from 74Vpp in the voltage control loop, and total harmonic distortion (THD) of the current is improved.
A Sensorless Synchronous Rectification Driving Scheme in 1-kV Input 1-MHz GaN LLC Converters with Matrix Transformers*

High input voltage and high frequency LLC converters with synchronous rectification (SR) are widely used in recent years. For these converters, reliable SR gate driving signals immune to parasitic components should be provided. Therefore, an adaptive driving scheme for SR without signal sensing is proposed. A mathematic model is built to determine the conduction time related to the switching frequency and load condition so that the driving signals are adjusted adaptively. This method provides reliable gate driving signals without any detection circuits and the efficiency is greatly improved compared to other signal-senseless methods. The tolerance effects of the resonant components are analyzed to evaluate the accuracy of the driving signals. A 1 MHz prototype with 1 kV input and 32 V/ 3 kW output is built to verify the theoretical analysis. The converter can achieve the power density of 103 W/in3 and peak efficiency of 95.92% with an improvement of 2.0% at 3 kW compared to the conventional fixed on-time driving scheme.
PCB-Interposer-on-DBC Packaging of 650 V, 120 A GaN HEMTs

Packaging of gallium nitride (GaN) HEMTs is challenging due to their high heat-flux density and small bonding pads. And, having a lateral device structure and being able to switch fast, these devices push the limit of packaging by demanding extremely low parasitic inductances. In this work, we developed a packaging approach based on embedding the GaN device chip between a printed-circuit board (PCB) interposer structure for terminal interconnection and a direct- bond-copper (DBC) substrate for heat extraction. The approach was demonstrated by packaging 650 V, 120 A GaN HEMT bare die. We also used silver sintering for bonding all of the device terminals to increase heat extraction from the device’s thermal pad and avoid relying on multiple, different melting-point solders in the construction. FEA simulations showed that the package had a gate-to-kelvin source inductance (LG + Lss) of 3.1 nH, a drain-to-source inductance (LD + Ls) of 1.2 nH, and a junction-to-case thermal resistance, Rθjc, of 0.14°C/W. Static characteristics of the PCB-on-DBC packages were measured by a curve tracer.
Designing Optimal Dynamic Treatment Regimes: A Causal Reinforcement Learning Approach

A dynamic treatment regime (DTR) consists of a sequence of decision rules, one per stage of intervention, that dictates how to determine the treat-ment assignment to patients based on evolving treatments and covariates’ history. These regimes are particularly effective for managing chronic disorders and is arguably one of the critical ingredients underlying more personalized decision-making systems. All reinforcement learning algorithms for ﬁnding the optimal DTR in online settings will suffer Ω( (cid:112) | D X ∪ S | T ) regret on some environments, where T is the number of experiments and D X ∪ S is the domains of the treatments X and covariates S . This implies that T = Ω( | D X ∪ S | ) trials will be required to generate an optimal DTR. In many applications, the domains of X and S could be enormous, which means that the time required to ensure appropriate learning may be unattainable. We show that, if the causal diagram of the underlying environment is provided, one could achieve regret that is exponentially smaller than D X ∪ S . In particular, we develop two online algorithms that satisfy such regret bounds by exploiting the causal structure underlying the DTR; one is the based on the principle of optimism in the face of uncertainty ( OFU-DTR ), and the other uses the posterior sampling learning ( PS-DTR ). Finally, we introduce efﬁcient methods to accelerate these online learning procedures by leveraging the abundant, yet biased observational (non-experimental) data.
The structural ensemble of a Holliday junction determined by X-ray scattering interference

Abstract The DNA four-way (Holliday) junction is the central intermediate of genetic recombination, yet key aspects of its conformational and thermodynamic properties remain unclear. While multiple experimental approaches have been used to characterize the canonical X-shape conformers under specific ionic conditions, the complete conformational ensemble of this motif, especially at low ionic conditions, remains largely undetermined. In line with previous studies, our single-molecule Förster resonance energy transfer (smFRET) measurements of junction dynamics revealed transitions between two states under high salt conditions, but smFRET could not determine whether there are fast and unresolvable transitions between distinct conformations or a broad ensemble of related states under low and intermediate salt conditions. We therefore used an emerging technique, X-ray scattering interferometry (XSI), to directly probe the conformational ensemble of the Holliday junction across a wide range of ionic conditions. Our results demonstrated that the four-way junction adopts an out-of-plane geometry under low ionic conditions and revealed a conformational state at intermediate ionic conditions previously undetected by other methods. Our results provide critical information to build toward a full description of the conformational landscape of the Holliday junction and underscore the utility of XSI for probing conformational ensembles under a wide range of solution conditions.