Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Membranas zeolita/carbón, materiales nanoestructurados y coloides: síntesis y aplicaciones

Esta Tesis Doctoral analiza la preparacion y estudio de membranas de zeolita del tipo MFI (silicalita-1)sobre materiales carbonosos, asi como el estudio sobre la nueva posibilidad de preparar reactores de membrana combinando las tecnicas de deposito electroforetico y el deposito por salto de potencial. Algunos de los materiales preparados en este estudio se han caracterizado empleando un sistema de permeacion basado en una celula Wicke-Kallenbach. En esta Tesis tambien se recoge un estudio exhaustivo y detallado acerca de la caracterizacion y preparacion del material nanoestructurado MCM-41 para profundizar en su compresion. Finalmente , se han preparado nanoparticulas bimetalicas empleando el metodo por reduccion con disolvente para obtener coloides de particulas bimetalicas de tamano nanometrico (2 mm) con una distribucion de tamanos de particula muy estrecha. Estas nanoparticulas han demostrado ser muy activas y selectivas en distintas reacciones de un gran interes en quimica industrial y medioambiental.
Effect of chemical treatment and waste blending on biogas production from leaf litter of Kambala (Chlorophoral excelsa).

Effect of chemical treatment and waste blending on biogas production from leaf litter of Kambala (Chlorophoral excelsa) was investigated. The wastes were prepared as old and untreated leaf litter (LLOU), old and treated leaf litter (LL-OT), old leaf litter and cow dung (LL-OC) (1:1), fresh and untreated leaf litter (LL-FU) and fresh leaf litter and swine dung (LL-FS) (1:1). The treated variant was effected with the available local potash (“Ngu”50% w/v). They were subsequently charged into 50 L capacity metal prototype biodigesters in ratio of approximately 2:1 of water to waste. The moisture content of the wastes determined the water to waste ratio. They were subjected to anaerobic digestion under a 35 day retention period and mesophilic temperature range of 28 to 39°C. Results obtained showed that the fresh leaf litter variants had higher cumulative biogas yields, while the old leaf litter variants had shorter onset of gas flammability. The LL-FS and LL-FU had cumulative biogas yield of 3.134 dm/kg.Slurry (S) with lag period of 13 days and 3.13 dm/kg.S with lag period of 16 days, respectively, while the LL-OC, LL-OU and LL-OT had cumulative biogas yield of 3.04, 2.97 and 2.42 dm/kg.S with lag periods of 2, 2 and 3 days, respectively. General results indicate that the leaf litter of Kambala has the capability of producing biogas but not at a sufficiently high level since chemical treatment and blending with animal wastes did not translate to a significant increase in biogas production.
Measurement of planktonic CO2 respiration in the light

Respiration is an essential physiological process for all organisms and is a significant component of the global carbon cycle. However, CO2 release rates in the light (CRR) by aquatic communities have seldom been measured directly; instead, the typical procedure is to measure oxygen consumption rates in the dark (OCR) and assume that they are approximately equivalent to CRR. Here we describe a method to measure CRR (and consequently gross photosynthesis rates) based on 13C addition to incubation water in a closed system. We quantified planktonic CRR in situ in a lake, and also in laboratory experiments, where we tested the effects of temperature and irradiance on respiration rates. We also measured O2 rates (respiration in the dark and net production in the light) to compare with those based on CO2, and found that in the lake, these rates were similar both for photosynthesis and respiration. In laboratory, however, they were very different, with CO2‐based photosynthesis being higher, and CRR being lower than correspondent O2 rates. These findings show that the usual approach of assuming similar OCR and CRR can be erroneous. We also found that higher temperature and irradiance caused higher CRR. The method was successful to provide CRR and photosynthetic measurements, but would greatly benefit from more precise techniques to measure the concentration of dissolved inorganic carbon in water.
Long Term Survivor with Erlotinib in Metastatic Lung Cancer-Squamous Cell Carcinoma Subtype

Currently, data that supports the clinical benefit of agents targeting the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) in the therapy of squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) histologic version of the lung cancer (LC) is insufficient. In the following report we present the case of a patient treated with erlotinib for SCC NSCLC. At the time of initiation, there were no available guidelines recommendations regarding the EGFR status in for initiation of EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) therapy for NSCLC, thus the sample was never tested for the EGFR mutational status. Not widely used in the treatment of SCC, EGFR-TKIs remain a valid therapeutic option in selected groups of patients.
Heterogeneous Reaction of NO2 on Hexane Soot: A Knudsen Cell and FT-IR Study

In this study, the reaction of NO2 on freshly prepared hexane soot has been studied using a Knudsen cell reactor and FT-IR spectroscopy. Initial uptake coefficients were determined using gas-diffusion models that account for the surface area of the top layer of soot particles as well as the accessible underlying layers of soot particles. Under dry conditions, the initial uptake coefficient was found to be near 5 × 10-5 at a gas concentration of 2.5 × 1011 molecules cm-3 and a temperature of 295 K. In addition to reporting an initial uptake coefficient, uptake coefficients averaged over time and/or coverage are reported so as to compare to other values in the literature. Accounting for the increased surface area due to the underlying layers of soot particles, there is better agreement between the value of the uptake coefficient reported here using a Knudsen cell reactor and values determined from other experimental methods. The total amount of NO2 reacted per unit surface area of soot and the conversion of.
Potentially synbiotic product based on Andean blackberry (Rubus glaucus) by applying vacuum impregnation

The aim of this study was to develop a product potentially symbiotic by applying vacuum impregnating over Andean blackberry slices immersed in three solutions: a solution of fructooligosaccharides (FOS), natural blackberry juice, and a mixture of fruit juice and solution of FOS, inoculated with Lactobacillus casei ATCC 393 with 109 UCF/mL. The blackberry slices impregnated with the mixture of fruit juice and FOS, and with just the FOS solution, they were found to contain 108 UCF/g and over 0.0022 g of FOS per 100g of impregnated sample after being stored for 72 hours under refrigeration conditions. The results indicate that the presence of FOS in the impregnation solution increases the viability of the microorganisms and it can be concluded that it is feasible to obtain a potentially symbiotic food from Andean blackberry by means of the impregnation of its porous matrix with beneficial microorganisms and prebiotic substances. DOI: 10.17268/sci.agropecu. 2012.04. 01
Enabling evolutionary studies at multiple scales in Apocynaceae through Hyb‐Seq

Premise Apocynaceae is the 10th largest flowering plant family and a focus for study of plant–insect interactions, especially as mediated by secondary metabolites. However, it has few genomic resources relative to its size. Target capture sequencing is a powerful approach for genome reduction that facilitates studies requiring data from the nuclear genome in non‐model taxa, such as Apocynaceae. Methods Transcriptomes were used to design probes for targeted sequencing of putatively single‐copy nuclear genes across Apocynaceae. The sequences obtained were used to assess the success of the probe design, the intrageneric and intraspecific variation in the targeted genes, and the utility of the genes for inferring phylogeny. Results From 853 candidate nuclear genes, 835 were consistently recovered in single copy and were variable enough for phylogenomics. The inferred gene trees were useful for coalescent‐based species tree analysis, which showed all subfamilies of Apocynaceae as monophyletic, while also resolving relationships among species within the genus Apocynum. Intraspecific comparison of Elytropus chilensis individuals revealed numerous single‐nucleotide polymorphisms with potential for use in population‐level studies. Discussion Community use of this Hyb‐Seq probe set will facilitate and promote progress in the study of Apocynaceae across scales from population genomics to phylogenomics.
Pro-inflammatory response ensured by LPS and Pam3CSK4 in RAW 264.7 cells did not improve a fungistatic effect on Cryptococcus gattii infection

Background The macrophage lineage is characterized by plasticity due to the acquisition of distinct functional phenotypes, and two major subsets are evaluated; classical M1 activation (strong microbicidal activity) and alternative M2 activation (immunoregulatory functions). The M1 subset expresses inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), which is a primary marker to identify these cells, whereas M2 macrophages are characterized by expression of Arginase-1, found in inflammatory zone 1 (Fizz1), chitinase-like molecule (Ym-1), and CD206. The micro-environmental stimuli and signals in tissues are critical in the macrophage polarization. Toll-like receptors (TLR) ligands, such as lipopolysaccharide (LPS), palmitoyl-3-cysteine-serine-lysine-4 (Pam3CSK4), and ArtinM (mannose-binding lectin) are inductors of M1 subset. The impact of TLR2 and TLR4 signals to fight against Cryptococcus gattii infection is unknown, which is a fungal pathogen that preferentially infects the lung of immunocompetent individuals. The macrophages initiate an immune response to combat the C. gattii, then we evaluated in RAW 264.7 cell the effect of TLR2 and TLR4 agonists on the macrophage polarization dynamic and the impact on the growth of C. gattii. Methods and Results We demonstrated that P3C4, LPS, and ArtinM induced an increase in the levels of iNOS transcripts in RAW 264.7 cells, whereas the relative expression of arginase-1, Ym-1, and Fizz1 was significantly increased in the presence of IL-4 alone. The effects of TLR2 and TLR4 agonists on repolarization from the M2 to M1 subset was evaluated, and the first stimulus was composed of IL-4 and, after 24 h of incubation, the cells were submitted to a second stimulus of P3C4, LPS, ArtinM, or Medium. These TLR agonists induced the production of TNF-α in polarized RAW 264.7 cells to the M2 subset, moreover the measurement of M1/M2 markers using qRT-PCR demonstrated that a second stimulus with LPS for 24 h induced a significant augmentation of levels of iNOS mRNA. This impact of TLR2 and TLR4 agonists in the activation of the RAW 264.7 macrophage was assayed in the presence of C. gattii, the macrophages stimulated with TLR2 and TLR4 agonists for 24 h and co-cultured with C. gattii, as a second stimulus, reached high levels of TNF-α even after incubation with different concentrations of C. gattii. The activation of RAW 264.7 cells induced by TLR2 and TLR4 agonists favored the phagocytosis of C. gattii and inhibited the growth of yeast in the early period of infection. However, RAW 264.7 cells incubated with C. gattii in the presence of TLR2 and TLR4 agonists did not result a significant difference in the colony forming unit (CFU) assay in the early period of C. gattii infection, compared to negative control. Conclusion Polarized RAW 264.7 cells to the M1 subset with TLR2 and TLR4 agonists did not inhibit the growth of C. gattii, whereas robust immunity was identified that could dysregulate host tolerance to this pathogen.
Hypoxia and extracellular vesicles: A review on methods, vesicular cargo and functions

Abstract Hypoxia is an essential hallmark of several serious diseases such as cardiovascular and metabolic disorders and cancer. A decline in the tissue oxygen level induces hypoxic responses in cells which strive to adapt to the changed conditions. A failure to adapt to prolonged or severe hypoxia can trigger cell death. While some cell types, such as neurons, are highly vulnerable to hypoxia, cancer cells take advantage of a hypoxic environment to undergo tumour growth, angiogenesis and metastasis. Hypoxia‐induced processes trigger complex intercellular communication and there are now indications that extracellular vesicles (EVs) play a fundamental role in these processes. Recent developments in EV isolation and characterization methodology have increased the awareness of the importance of EV purity in functional and cargo studies. Cell death, a hallmark of severe hypoxia, is a known source of intracellular contaminants in isolated EVs. In this review, methodological aspects of studies investigating hypoxia‐induced EVs are critically evaluated. Key concerns and gaps in the current knowledge are highlighted and future directions for studies are set. To accelerate and advance research, an in‐depth analysis of the functions and cargo of hypoxic EVs, compared to normoxic EVs, is provided with the focus on the altered microRNA contents of the EVs.
Determination of Zidovudine in Pharmaceuticals by Differential Pulse Voltammetry

The zidovudine (AZT) has been extensively used in the treatment of HIV patients due to its antiretroviral activity. The quality control of this substance in drugs is of outstanding importance to public health because of its undesirable effects and short therapeutic interval. For the determination of AZT in pharmaceuticals, an alternative analytical methodology using voltammetry was developed. The reduction of AZT at a hanging mercury drop electrode (HMDE) is at −0.96 V at pH 8.0. The influence of electroanalytical parameters, such as scan rate (20 mV/s), amplitude (50 mV), nature of the support electrolyte (phosphate buffer), and pH (8.0) on the voltammetric signal, was optimized. Under these optimized conditions, the AZT peak current varied linearly with its concentration from 0.25 to 1.25 mg/L (1 to 5 μM). Detection and determination limits of 0.0025 and 0.025 mg/L, respectively, and recovery of 99.88% with a relative standard deviation of 0.95% were obtained. The results obtained using this methodology in analyzing drugs containing AZT were compared favorably with those obtained by technique liquid chromatography as recommended by The United States Pharmacopoeia.
A test for meiotic drive in hybrids between Australian and Timor zebra finches

Abstract Meiotic drivers have been proposed as a potent evolutionary force underlying genetic and phenotypic variation, genome structure, and also speciation. Due to their strong selective advantage, they are expected to rapidly spread through a population despite potentially detrimental effects on organismal fitness. Once fixed, autosomal drivers are cryptic within populations and only become visible in between‐population crosses lacking the driver or corresponding suppressor. However, the assumed ubiquity of meiotic drivers has rarely been assessed in crosses between populations or species. Here we test for meiotic drive in hybrid embryos and offspring of Timor and Australian zebra finches—subspecies that have evolved in isolation for about two million years—using 38,541 informative transmissions of 56 markers linked to either centromeres or distal chromosome ends. We did not find evidence for meiotic driver loci on specific chromosomes. However, we observed a weak overall transmission bias toward Timor alleles at centromeres in females (transmission probability of Australian alleles of 47%, nominal p = 6 × 10–5). While this is in line with the centromere drive theory, it goes against the expectation that the subspecies with the larger effective population size (i.e., the Australian zebra finch) should have evolved the more potent meiotic drivers. We thus caution against interpreting our finding as definite evidence for centromeric drive. Yet, weak centromeric meiotic drivers may be more common than generally anticipated and we encourage further studies that are designed to detect also small effect meiotic drivers.
Disinfecting Biofilms in a Model Distribution System

This study examined the disinfection efficiency of free chlorine and monochloramine for improve water quality, but if sources of controlling biofilm organisms in a model pipe system. The composition of the pipe material microbial contamination (e.g., sediment, was found to be a major influence on disinfection efficiency. Bacteria grown on galvanized, tubercles, flocculated materials) are not copper, or PVC pipe surfaces were readily inactivated by a 1-mg/L residual of free chlorine or eliminated, deterioration will soon monochloramine. Biofilms grown on iron pipes treated with free chlorine doses as high as 4 recur.lO In practice, it is difficult to mg/L (3-mg/L residual) for two weeks did not show significant changes in viability, but if effectively apply these procedures to treated with 4 mg/L of monochloramine for two weeks, these biofilms exhibited a more than transmission mains and trunk lines 3-log die-off. Accumulation of corrosion products on iron pipes was found to interfere with without extreme effort, high costs, and free chlorine disinfection.
X‐ray standing waves under the conditions of multiple diffraction

Equations are obtained for calculating the angular dependence of the secondary radiation yield (the photoelectron emission or fluorescence radiation) under the conditions of multiple dynamical X-ray diffraction. For a small yield depth Lyi the intensity of secondary radiation is proportional to the intensity of X-rays at the atomic sites of a surface layer of the single crystal. If Lyi > LA, where LA is the X-ray penetration depth, then the secondary radiation intensity is proportional to the total absorbed energy of X-rays. Computer simulation of the threewave case (444, 335, Bragg geometry, CuKα, Si) shows that the angular dependence of the photoelectron emission yield can be described as a repulsion interaction of two crossing two-wave maxima. New possibility of observing the two-wave X-ray standing waves is discussed where the angular dependence of induced second reflected wave with a small intensity is analysed instead of the secondary radiation yield within the total reflection domain for the first reflected wave. Gleichungen zur Berechnung der Winkelabhangigkeit der sekundaren Strahlungsausbeute (Photo-elektronenemission oder Fluoreszenzstrahlung) unter den Bedingungen der dynamischen rontgenmehrfachbeugung werden erhalten. Fur eine geringe Ausbeutetiefe Lyi ist die Intensitat der Sekundarstrahlung proportional zur Intensitat der Rontgenstrahlen an den Atomplatzen einer Oberflachenschicht des Einkristalls. Wenn Lyi > LA, wobei LA die Rontgeneindringtiefe ist, ist die sekundare Strahlungsintensitat proportional zur gesamten absorbierten Energie der Rontgenstrahlen. Computersimulation des Dreiwellenfalles (444, 335, Bragg-Geometrie, CuKα, Si) zeigt, das die Winkelabhangigkeit der Photoelektronenemissionsausbeute als repulsive Wechselwirkung zweier sich schneidender Zweiwellenmaxima beschrieben werden kann. Neue Moglichkeiten zur Beobachtung der stehenden Rontgenwellen im Zweiwellen-Fall werden diskutiert, wobei die Winkelabhangigkeit der zweiten induzierten reflektierten Welle mit einer geringen Intensitat anstatt der sekundaren Strahlungsausbeute innerhalb der Gesamt-Reflexionsdomane fur die erste reflektierte Welle analysiert wird.
CTIM-21. PEPTIDE VACCINE DIRECTED TO CMV pp65 FOR TREATMENT OF RECURRENT MALIGNANT GLIOMA AND MEDULLOBLASTOMA IN CHILDREN AND YOUNG ADULTS: PRELIMINARY RESULTS OF A PHASE I TRIAL

Abstract INTRODUCTION The cytomegalovirus (CMV) antigen, pp65, is ubiquitously expressed in malignant glioma and medulloblastoma but not in healthy brain. The objective of this Phase I trial (NCT03299309) was to assess the safety and feasibility of a novel pp65 peptide vaccine (PEP-CMV) in children and young adults with recurrent medulloblastoma and malignant glioma. METHODS Vaccines contain a synthetic long peptide (SLP) of 26 amino acids encoding multiple potential class I, class II, and antibody epitopes of CMV pp65 across several haplotypes. This SLP is administered as an emulsion in Montanide ISA 51. Patients receive a single course of temozolomide to induce lymphopenia, tetanus/diphtheria toxoid site preconditioning, then vaccines administered intradermally every two weeks for 3 doses, then monthly. RESULTS To date, 17 patients have been enrolled. Diagnoses include medulloblastoma (n=1), glioblastoma (n=9), anaplastic oligodendroglioma (n=2), anaplastic astrocytoma (n=2), and malignant glioma NOS (n=3). Mean number of prior treatment regimens is 4.9 (range 1–12). Mean age is 22yo (range 6–35) and 41% of patients are male. The median KPS is 80. The median number of vaccines given at time of analysis is 3.3 (range 1–12). There have been no ≥ 3 Grade toxicities related to the vaccine. One patient developed nausea, vomiting, palpitations, and tachycardia after vaccination and had elevated inflammatory cytokines consistent with cytokine release syndrome. Median PFS is 2.5 months (95% CI: 0.8, not estimable) and median OS is 6.5 months (95% CI 1.8, not estimable). Interim analysis of immune monitoring bloodwork and perfusion MRI to quantify responses to PEP-CMV has been delayed due to COVID-19. However, adults with GBM who received PEP-CMV (NCT02864368) had significant (p≤0.05) increases in GCSF, GM-CSF, IFN-γ, IL-10, IL-2, IL-8, MIP1-α, and TNF-α levels. CONCLUSIONS Preliminary results demonstrate that PEP-CMV is feasible and well-tolerated in heavily pretreated, multiply recurrent patients.
Effect of Zinc on Hyperbilirubinemia of Newborns, a Randomized Double Blinded Clinical Trial

Background: Jaundice is one of the most common causes of hospitalization in newborn infants. Zinc may have a possible role as a cofactor of enzymes in the metabolism of bilirubin and can prevent red blood cell destruction as an antioxidant agent. The present study aims to investigate the effect of zinc in the treatment of neonatal hyperbilirubinemia. Material&Methods: In this double-blind, randomized clinical trial, 112 healthy newborns with idiopathic neonatal hyperbilirubinemia were divided into two groups receiving zinc and placebo. The case and control group received 10mg of zinc and placebo daily. The total bilirubin levels in the second, third, fourth and fifth day and duration of hospitalization and phototherapy were compared. Results: The mean total bilirubin value in the second to fifth days in the zinc group were 11.95±2.35, 9.49±1.79, 8.54±1.63 and 8.64±0.96 respectively, and in the placebo group were 12.95±2.73, 9.88±2.35, 9.5±2.9 and 10.16±0.86 respectively and there was no significant difference between two groups. The duration of phototherapy and hospitalization in the zinc and placebo groups did not show any significant difference. Conclusion: We did not find a significant reduction in serum bilirubin levels nor the duration of hospitalization in neonates receiving zinc sulfate compared to control group.
I – L'ozone troposphérique : production/consommation et régimes chimiques

Cet article s'insere dans un document a trois volets ayant pour buts (i) d'introduire les principaux determinants chimiques associes au bilan de l'ozone, (ii) de rappeler l'etat de l'art et les problemes associes a la modelisation d'un tel systeme et (iii) de presenter les atouts et les limitations des approches utilisees pour la validation des schemas chimiques. Ce premier article precise les principaux mecanismes chimiques impliques dans la formation de l'ozone et les « ressorts » majeurs gouvernant sa production. La production d'ozone est etroitement liee aux processus d'oxydation des composes organiques volatils (COV) et des oxydes d'azote (NOx). Parmi l'ensemble des facteurs conditionnant cette production, la charge en NOx du milieu considere est particulierement determinante. Elle definit la sensibilite de l'ozone aux conditions environnementales. Cette sensibilite est discutee en terme de regimes chimiques. L'analyse de ces regimes chimiques est indispensable pour la mise en place de strategies visant a reduire les niveaux d'ozone par reduction des emissions de precurseurs.