Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The Relation between Corporate Governance and Dividend and How Itis Affected by External Financing Constraints

This study investigates the relation between corporate governance and dividend policy in a sample of 175 firms which resembles 86% of the listed firms in Kuwait Stock Exchange (KSE) in the period 2008-2011. Using a group of parametric and non-parametric tests, the study had empirical evidence that there is a positive relation between corporate governance and dividend policy and it supported the hypothesis that indicates that increasing dividend policy is related to the quality of corporate governance and external financing constraints did not affect that relation.
UV-induced immunosuppression and the efficacy of vaccination

Exposure to ultraviolet radiation (UVR) suppresses immunity by complex pathways, initiated by chromophores located in the skin and ending with the generation of specific subsets of T and B regulatory cells. The primary and memory (recall) immune response to a wide variety of antigens, including microorganisms, can be reduced by UVR, leading to the possibility that the efficacy of vaccination could be similarly reduced. A limited number of animal models of vaccination demonstrate that this may indeed be the case. The situation in human subjects has not been rigorously assessed but there are indications from a variety of sources that UVR adversely affects the immune responses to several vaccines. These studies are reviewed and the implications for vaccine administration discussed. As vaccination represents a major public health measure world-wide for the control of an increasing number of common infections, it is important to maximise its efficacy; therefore further evaluation of UVR in the context of vaccination is required and warranted.
Invasive fungal disease in allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplant recipients: an autopsy‐driven survey

Abstract: Invasive mycoses are pre‐eminent causes of morbidity and mortality in the allogeneic stem cell transplant setting. In spite of novel diagnostic modalities, the timely and specific identification of invasive mycoses still remains challenging. We analyzed the case history of 97 consecutive patients receiving 103 allogeneic stem cell transplants between January 2003 and October 2006 performed by a single team at 2 transplant centers in Budapest, Hungary. All patients with febrile neutropenia not responding to broad‐spectrum antibacterial therapy received amphotericin B deoxycholate empirically. In cases of proven or probable invasive aspergillosis, intravenous voriconazole was instituted. Patients who failed to improve on initial therapy were treated with an antifungal combination, while responders were switched to oral voriconazole. A total of 38 patients died following allografting. Both centers had an autopsy rate of 100% due to central health care regulations. An infectious cause of death could be identified in 15 cases, invasive fungal disease being the most prevalent and accounting for 10 fatalities. Six patients died of invasive aspergillosis, while invasive candidiasis and mucormycosis led to a fatal outcome in 2 cases each. Despite the regular use of galactomannan antigen detections and imaging, an ante mortem diagnosis of proven/probable invasive fungal disease could only be established in 4 of 10 autopsy‐verified cases (aspergillosis: 3, candidiasis: 1, mucormycosis: 0). In the remaining 6 patients, deep mycoses were missed clinically and were revealed only by postmortem histology. Present diagnostic and therapeutic strategies still seem to be suboptimal for the management of invasive fungal diseases in the high‐risk allogeneic stem cell transplant population.
Housing Complementarity in Consumption

The objective in this paper was to show that housing (either by owning or by renting) plays a complementary role in an individual’s consumption decision. Few papers showed that housing is a substitute instead of a complement. We have shown that housing indeed a complements and consumption of non-durable goods is significantly affected by housing decision no matter whether living place is owned or rented. Owning financial assets such as stock and bonds does not affect consumption significantly which should be the case because very few people would select owning financial assets as a source of regular income. The negative coefficient of bonds confirms the general behavior of consumers that at the time of financial hardship people sell their financial portfolio to smooth non-durable consumption.
Cell theory for liquid solids and glasses: From local packing configurations to global complex behaviors

We develop a novel approach that combines the ideas of inherent structures, free-volume theory and geometrical packing properties to derive a general theory to understanding the complex dynamics of glass-forming liquids, granular packings and amorphous solids. We show that the thermodynamical properties of these systems can be retrieved from the study of geometrical and topological properties of local configurations only. When applied to hard-sphere systems, the present theory describes the critical approach toward the random close-packing density with the configurational entropy that approaches zero, and the α-relaxation time that diverges according to the Vogel-Fulcher behavior following also the Adam-Gibbs relation. The equation of state derived for the stable fluid, the metastable fluid, and for the crystalline and amorphous solids, results in good quantitative agreement with the data available in the literature.
Ischemic injury in liver transplantation: Difference in injury sites between warm and cold ischemia in rats

Using liver allografts with warm or cold ischemia, we evaluated functional and morphological alterations in hepatocytes, sinusoidal endothelial cells and Kupffer cells in a rat transplantation model. All recipients of allografts with either 4 hr of cold or 30 min of warm ischemia lived more than 22 days and were judged viable. On the other hand, all recipients of grafts with 6 hr of cold or 60 min of warm ischemia died within 2 days and were therefore judged to be nonviable. With these viable and nonviable allograft models, hepatocyte function was evaluated by the bile output and serum glutamic‐oxaloacetic transaminase, serum glutamic‐pyruvic transaminase and serum lactate dehydrogenase levels; endothelial cell function was judged by the serum hyaluronic acid level, and Kupffer cell function was measured by an intravenous colloidal carbon clearance test.
The Perceptual Environment Security Mechanism Research for Internet of Things

The Internet of things has become the computer and the Internet after the wave of new information technologies. The goal of the Internet of things is a comprehensive perception, on the basis of Internet technology and platform, to build a person connected to the object, content and the content of the platform. The deepening of the research in recent years, along with the Internet of things, and the Internet of things applications of expansion, it to the further development of information society brings new change, at the same time, Internet information security problem also gradually aroused the concern of the industry is larger.
Nerve growth factor mediates steroid‐resistant inflammation in respiratory syncytial virus infection

Neurotrophic factors and receptors are upregulated in the respiratory tract of humans and rodents infected by the respiratory syncytial virus, leading to airway inflammation and hyperreactivity. The contribution of neurotrophic pathways to the recruitment of immuno‐inflammatory cells and their response to anti‐inflammatory therapy remains unclear. We sought to determine whether selective nerve growth factor inhibition prevents the immuno‐inflammatory response against infection, and explored the effect of inhaled corticosteroids on virus‐induced neurotrophic upregulation and the consequent recruitment of immuno‐inflammatory cells into the airways. We tried to inhibit the recruitment of lymphocytes and monocytes into the airways of infected weanling rats using immunologic inhibition of nerve growth factor with a specific blocking antibody, or chemical inhibition of receptor tyrosine kinase with K252a. The anti‐inflammatory activity of inhaled corticosteroids was studied in infected rats treated with budesonide, fluticasone, or vehicle. Immunological or chemical inhibition of nerve growth factor or its high‐affinity receptor tyrosine kinase pathway inhibited the recruitment of inflammatory cells triggered by nociceptive irritation of infected rat airways, thereby reducing local and systemic immuno‐inflammatory responses against the virus. Neurotrophic upregulation in infected airways was not affected by inhaled corticosteroids. As a logical consequence, these commonly used drugs were also unable to stop the recruitment of immune and inflammatory effector cells into infected airways. Overexpression of neurotrophic factors and receptors in airways infected by respiratory syncytial virus is critical for the development of airway inflammation and hyperreactivity, which is resistant to the anti‐inflammatory effect of inhaled corticosteroids. Pediatr Pulmonol. 2007; 42:496–504. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Experiment design for cloud storage application based on CDMI

Nowadays, subjects of cloud computing, especially cloud storage, are still thought to be new fields with few teaching opportunities. This paper discusses how to realize GET/PUT requests between REST client and servers, utilize CDMI (Cloud Data Management Interface) standard to carry on teaching experiment of cloud storage communication under Linux environment. Practice proves that it is useful to help students understand basic concepts of cloud environment and mechanism of cloud storage, and offer students access to the cloud standard.
Electric vehicle to grid for power regulation: A review

The vehicle to grid (V2G) system allows power flow from grid to the batteries and from batteries to the grid. When correct timing is used, batteries are supporting grid quality and reliability. Benefits of the grid may give profit to the grid operator and electric vehicle (EV) owner. This system will also balance the grid by absorbing wind power and solar energy produced for the power system. Major pilot projects have been undertaken at the University of Delaware, Edison in Denmark and the US Defense Force. Fluctuating voltage frequency needs to be between the limits. Vehicle to grid can provide power regulation to keep frequency stable.
Colour Detection Thresholds in Faces and Colour Patches

Human facial skin colour reflects individuals' underlying health (Stephen et al 2011 Evolution & Human Behavior 32 216–227); and enhanced facial skin CIELab b* (yellowness), a* (redness), and L* (lightness) are perceived as healthy (also Stephen et al 2009a International Journal of Primatology 30 845–857). Here, we examine Malaysian Chinese participants' detection thresholds for CIELab L* (lightness), a* (redness), and b* (yellowness) colour changes in Asian, African, and Caucasian faces and skin coloured patches. Twelve face photos and three skin coloured patches were transformed to produce four pairs of images of each individual face and colour patch with different amounts of red, yellow, or lightness, from very subtle (ΔE = 1.2) to quite large differences (ΔE = 9.6). Participants were asked to decide which of sequentially displayed, paired same-face images or colour patches were lighter, redder, or yellower. Changes in facial redness, followed by changes in yellowness, were more easily discriminated than changes in luminance. However, visual sensitivity was not greater for redness and yellowness in nonface stimuli, suggesting red facial skin colour special salience. Participants were also significantly better at recognizing colour differences in own-race (Asian) and Caucasian faces than in African faces, suggesting the existence of cross-race effect in discriminating facial colours. Humans' colour vision may have been selected for skin colour signalling (Changizi et al 2006 Biology Letters 2 217–221), enabling individuals to perceive subtle changes in skin colour, reflecting health and emotional status.
Cloud Computing Adoption by firms

In recent years Cloud Computing has been one of the most discussed references in the world of information technology. As the adoption of Cloud Computing has become so important for firms, a question arises: what are factors determining the adoption of technology? Thus, the aim of this study is to identify a set of determinants of adoption of Cloud Computing by firms. To reach this goal we suggested a research model based on two theories held in the literature: the diffusion of innovation (DOI) model and the technology organization environment (TOE) framework. To support the suggested model a list of measure items is even proposed to test the suggested propositions. The implications of the results of this study are discussed, both for researchers and for managers. We present the plan to the empirical testing and model validation of the propositions suggested. Future extensions to this study are also considered in this paper.
3D Mesoporous van der Waals Heterostructures for Trifunctional Energy Electrocatalysis

The emergence of van der Waals (vdW) heterostructures of 2D materials has opened new avenues for fundamental scientific research and technological applications. However, the current concepts and strategies of material engineering lack feasibilities to comprehensively regulate the as‐obtained extrinsic physicochemical characters together with intrinsic properties and activities for optimal performances. A 3D mesoporous vdW heterostructure of graphene and nitrogen‐doped MoS2 via a two‐step sequential chemical vapor deposition method is constructed. Such strategy is demonstrated to offer an all‐round engineering of 2D materials including the morphology, edge, defect, interface, and electronic structure, thereby leading to robustly modified properties and greatly enhanced electrochemical activities. The hydrogen evolution is substantially accelerated on MoS2, while the oxygen reduction and evolution are significantly improved on graphene. This work provides a powerful overall engineering strategy of 2D materials for electrocatalysis, which is also enlightening for other nanomaterials and energy‐related applications.
Effects of R&D Cooperation to Innovation Performance in Open Innovation Environment

Dynamic nonlinear characteristics of internal and external environment in modern organization shows up increasingly, which make innovative research breakthrough organizational boundaries and present a pattern of open mode, the traditional mode of innovation is facing huge challenges like increasing innovation cycle, huge RD while cooperation with domestic institutions and foreign institutions in the research and development plays a positive role in promoting innovation.
ANALISIS FAKTOR-FAKTOR YANG MEMPENGARUHI NIAT BELI PADA TIKET ONLINE KERETA API DISURABAYA

Research conducted aimed to determine the factors that influence consumer purchase intention on train tickets online in Surabaya. Variables used in this study is Trust in online stores, Perceived risk, Perceived ease of use, perceived usefulness, attitude toward online purchasing and Purchase Intention.This study uses SEM (Structural Equation Modeling), sampling technique in this study using a non-probability sampling study that used samples of 150 respondents. Characteristics of the sample are people who've made a purchase train tickets onlineThe results showed that trust in online stores negatively affects perceived risk, perceived risk influences on Attitude toward online purchasing is negative, the effect of Perceived ease of use of the Perceived usefulness is positive. Perceived usefulness positive effect on Attitude toward online purchasing, online purchasing Attitude toward positive effect on Purchase intention.
Pattern and incidence of cancer at El Obeid Hospital, Western Sudan.

Background : The growing population of elderly people, the changes in life style, the new dietary habits and the HIV pandemic resulted in more exposure to cancer promoting factors in developing countries, including Sudan. Sudan is a large county with different climatic regions and the population has wide diversity of ethnic groups with varying cultures. Nevertheless, the burden of cancer in the different regions of the country is unknown. Objectives : To study the incidence rate and the pattern of cancer at El Obeid Teaching Hospital, Western Sudan. Patients and Methods : The records of all patients admitted with cancer to the wards of El Obeid Teaching Hospital, Western Sudan during 2006 and 2007 were studied. The cancers were classified according to the organs affected and then ranked in their order of relative frequency. The mean age, age range, gender, the incidence rates and the relative frequency rates were calculated. Results : There were 111 new cancer patients in 2006 and 169 patients in 2007. Females were 52.9% of cases. The mean ages were 61.8 and 56.8 years for males and females respectively. Cancer of the gastrointestinal tract is the most common malignancy in both sexes, followed by breast and then cervical cancer in females; while it was followed by leukaemia in males. Hepatocellular, oesophageal, gastric and recto-sigmoid were the main gut cancers. Conclusions : Cancer of the gastrointestinal tract was the commonest malignancy at El Obeid Hospital, Western Sudan. Establishment of a local radiation and isotopes centre is needed in this part of the country to provide oncology services and integrate preventive programs. A regional cancer registry centre supplements the national efforts to evaluate the magnitude of the problem in order to plan further future strategies. Key words : Hepatocellular, malignancies, oesophageal cancer.
Alternative approaches for regional ulnar nerve blockade: A cadaveric study

Wrist blockade is a safe and effective alternative to general anesthesia in surgery of hand injuries. With regard to the ulnar nerve, the volar approach is used, where the needle passes through or medial to the flexor carpi ulnaris tendon; however, the ulnar artery is at risk because the needle may accidentally penetrate it, causing profuse bleeding. Alternatively, the wrist may be approached medially, the ulnar approach, and the needle tip placed posterior to the flexor carpi ulnaris tendon. To determine which of these methods may be preferable for avoiding ulnar artery injury, needles were inserted into the wrist area of cadaver hands (n = 57) using the volar and ulnar approaches; detailed dissection of the region around the inserted needles was subsequently carried out. The position of the ulnar nerve relative to the ulnar artery and injury to the artery was documented. Damage to the ulnar artery using the volar approach was 36.8% (21/57 cases) compared to no (0%) injury observed using the ulnar approach. At the level of the wrist crease just proximal to the pisiform bone, the ulnar nerve was medial to the artery in 92.9% (53/57) of cases, medial and posterior in 5.3% (3/57), and anterior to the artery in 1.8% (1/57) of cases. This study suggests that in cases where ulnar artery pulsation is not reliable, the ulnar approach may be preferable for ulnar nerve blockade due to an increased incidence of ulnar artery penetration with the volar approach. Clin. Anat. 17:373–377, 2004. © 2004 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
The glucocorticoid receptor in the adrenal gland is localized in the cytoplasm of adrenaline cells.

La localisation des recepteurs de glucocorticoides dans la glande surenalienne de rat est etudiee en utilisant des anticorps monoclonaux anti-glucocorticoides afin d'etablir les cibles cellulaires des hormones steroides dans cet organe. L'hybridisation in situ est employee avec un oligonucleotide synthetique complementaire d'une sequence de l'ARNm des glucocorticoides
Navigated Breast Tumor Excision Using Electromagnetically Tracked Ultrasound and Surgical Instruments

Objective: Lumpectomy, breast conserving tumor excision, is the standard surgical treatment in early stage breast cancer. A common problem with lumpectomy is that the tumor may not be completely excised, and additional surgery becomes necessary. We investigated if a surgical navigation system using intraoperative ultrasound improves the outcomes of lumpectomy and if such a system can be implemented in the clinical environment. Methods: Position sensors were applied on the tumor localization needle, the ultrasound probe, and the cautery, and 3-D navigation views were generated using real-time tracking information. The system was tested against standard wire-localization procedures on phantom breast models by eight surgical residents. Clinical safety and feasibility was tested in six palpable tumor patients undergoing lumpectomy by two experienced surgical oncologists. Results: Navigation resulted in significantly less tissue excised compared to control procedures (10.3 ± 4.4 versus 18.6 ± 8.7 g, p = 0.01) and lower number of tumor-positive margins (1/8 versus 4/8) in the phantom experiments. Excision-tumor distance was also more consistently outside the tumor margins with navigation in phantoms. The navigation system has been successfully integrated in an operating room, and user experience was rated positively by surgical oncologists. Conclusion: Electromagnetic navigation may improve the outcomes of lumpectomy by making the tumor excision more accurate. Significance: Breast cancer is the most common cancer in women, and lumpectomy is its first choice treatment. Therefore, the improvement of lumpectomy outcomes has a significant impact on a large patient population.
Dinor-oxo-phytodienoic acid: a new hexadecanoid signal in the jasmonate family.

Jasmonic acid and its precursors are potent regulatory molecules in plants. We devised a method for the simultaneous extraction of these compounds from plant leaves to quantitate changes in the levels of jasmonate family members during health and on wounding. During our study, we identified a novel 16-carbon cyclopentenoic acid in leaf extracts from Arabidopsis and potato. The new compound, a member of the jasmonate family of signals, was named dinor-oxo-phytodienoic acid. Dinor-oxo-phytodienoic acid was not detected in the Arabidopsis mutant fad5, which is incapable of synthesizing 7Z,10Z, 13Z-hexadecatrienoic acid (16:3), suggesting that the metabolite is derived directly from plastid 16:3 rather than by beta-oxidation of the 18-carbon 12-oxo-phytodienoic acid. Simultaneous quantitation of jasmonate family members in healthy leaves of Arabidopsis and potato suggest that different plant species have different relative levels of jasmonic acid, oxo-phytodienoic acid, and dinor-oxo-phytodienoic acid. We term these profiles "oxylipin signatures. " Dinor-oxo-phytodienoic acid levels increased dramatically in Arabidopsis and potato leaves on wounding, suggesting roles in wound signaling. Treatment of Arabidopsis with micromolar levels of dinor-oxo-phytodienoic acid increased the ability of leaf extracts to transform linoleic acid into the alpha-ketol 13-hydroxy-12-oxo-9(Z) octadecenoic acid indicating that the compound can regulate part of its own biosynthetic pathway. Tightly regulated changes in the relative levels of biologically active jasmonates may permit sensitive control over metabolic, developmental, and defensive processes in plants.