Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Understanding Climate Change and Manifestation of its Driven Impacts in the Semi Arid Areas of Dodoma Region, Tanzania

This article examines the nature and manifestation of climate change driven impacts on the agrarian districts of Kongwa and Bahi in the semi arid areas of Dodoma region in Tanzania. A Survey of 398 households in the study area was undertaken to elicit information on the nature and manifestation of climate change driven impacts. Household and key informant interviews and focus group discussion were used in collection of primary data. Secondary data were obtained through documentary review and from the Tanzania Meteorological Agency for the case of climatic data. The results indicate that climate change in Dodoma region is evident as revealed by steady increase in temperature and wind speed and the general declining rainfall trend overtime. Consequently, such changes in weather parameters over time has severely affected the livelihoods of local communities as manifested through decline in crop production, loss of livelihood sources, shortage of water and pasture for livestock, and difficulties in feeding household members overtime among others. Given the findings, this article concludes that climate change and its impacts in the area are real and hence climate change interventions should focus on increasing agricultural productivity, pasture for livestock through sustainable livestock keeping and land use planning, diversification of socio-economic activities, as well as sustainable utilization and management of natural resources. Keywords: Climate change; manifestation; local communities; semi arid areas, climate change impacts.
IMPROVING CLASSIFIER ACCURACY USING UNLABELED DATA

This paper describes an algorithm for improving classifier accuracy using unlabeled data. This is of practical significance given the high cost of obtaining labeled data, and the large pool of unlabeled data readily available. The algorithm consists of building a classifier using a very small set of previously labeled data, then classifying a larger set of unlabeled data using that classifier, and finally building a new classifier using a combined data set containing the original set of labeled data and the set of previously unlabeled data. The algorithm proposed here was implemented using three well known learning algorithms: feedforward neural networks trained with Backpropagation, the Naive Bayes Classifier and the C4.5 rule induction algorithm as base learning algorithms. Preliminary experimental results using 10 datasets from the UCI repository show that using unlabeled data improves the classification accuracy by 5% on average and that for 80% of the experiments the use of unlabeled data results in an improvement in the classifier's accuracy.
INTERAÇÃO ENTRE SUBSTRATO E BIOESTIMULANTE EM MUDAS DE PIMENTA PRODUZIDAS COM SOLUÇÃO NUTRITIVA SALINA

The experiment was conducted in a greenhouse, from May to June 2016 in Mossoró RN. The objective of this study was to evaluate the production of seedlings of Chapéu pepper (Cambuci) submitted to four cultivation conditions (SN standard nutrient solution, NS + BIO standard nutrient solution and seed treatment with Stimulate ® 1 Tecnóloga em Irrigação e Drenagem, Doutoranda no PPGMSA/UFERSA. Mossoró – Rio Grande do Norte, CEP 59625-900, Fone: (88) 99782 7729, e-mail: tidaline@gmail.com 2 Graduandos em Agronomia, UFERSA, Mossoró – Rio Grande do Norte. 3 Mestrandos no PPGMSA, UFERSA, Mossoró – Rio Grande do Norte. 4 Prof. Doutor Departamento de Ciências Ambientais e Tecnológicas, UFERSA, Mossoró – Rio Grande do Norte.
The design of a P 2 P-based semantic retrieval system

In recent years, P2P network is one of hot research fields. Related works of P2P mainly focus on file-sharing application. It only supports the retrieval of the query based on keywords, and is lack of support for semantic search. In this paper, a P2P-based semantic retrieval system is presented. By using distributed inverted index based semantic network, retrieval is based on ontology located at different nodes rather than keywords. The experiments show that P2P-based semantic retrieval system has higher performance compared with retrieval based on keywords. 关键词: 面对等网; 语义网; 检索
Experiments on the stability and transition of wind-driven water surfaces

We present the results of laboratory and field measurements on the stability of wind-driven water surfaces. The laboratory measurements show that when exposed to an increasing wind starting from rest, surface current and wave generation is accompanied by a variety of phenomena that occur over comparable space and time scales. Of particular interest is the generation of small-scale, streamwise vortices, or Langmuir circulations, the clear influence of the circulations on the structure of the growing wave field, and the subsequent transition to turbulence of the surface flow. Following recent work by Melville, Shear & Veron (1998) and Veron & Melville (1999b), we show that the waves that are initially generated by the wind are then strongly modulated by the Langmuir circulations that follow. Direct measurements of the modulated wave variables are qualitatively consistent with geometrical optics and wave action conservation, but quantitative comparison remains elusive. Within the range of parameters of the experiments, both the surface waves and the Langmuir circulations first appear at constant Reynolds numbers of 370 ± 10 and 530 ± 20, respectively, based on the surface velocity and the depth of the laminar shear layer. The onset of the Langmuir circulations leads to a significant increase in the heat transfer across the surface. The field measurements in a boat basin display the same phenomena that are observed in the laboratory. The implications of the measurements for air–sea fluxes, especially heat and gas transfer, and sea-surface temperature, are discussed.
THE ROLE OF CONTRASTING MUSICAL CHARACTERISTICS IN THE APPRECIATION OF MUSIC

Previous theories about aesthetic appreciation suggest that the introduction of a contrasting stimulus can result in an increased emotional response and, consequently, an increased appreciation compared to a previously habituated stimulus. In this study we examined this theory by comparing the emotional responses as well as the liking of listeners for related contrasting and habituated stimuli. In particular, we focused on the emotional contrast between happyand sadsounding music, which was realized by using different combinations of the parameters mode (minor and major) and tempo (slow and fast). Music excerpts of 30 seconds that conveyed either happiness or sadness were presented to 46 undergraduate students. Fourteen excerpts conveying one emotion were chosen as habituated stimuli; two excerpts conveying the other emotion served as the contrasting stimuli. Each excerpt was judged in terms of the magnitude of emotional response as well as degree of liking. Listeners showed a stronger emotional response and greater liking to contrasting stimuli than to habituated stimuli. These findings provide support for the theory of heightening the appreciation of music by heightening emotional arousal.
Silicon Multimode Photonic Integrated Devices For On-Chip Mode-Division-Multiplexed Optical Interconnects

Multimode spatial-division multiplexing (SDM) technol- ogy has attracted much attention for its potential to enhance the ca- pacity of an optical-interconnect link with a single wavelength car- rier. For a mode-multiplexed optical-interconnect link, the functional elements are quite difierent from the conventional ones as multiple modes are involved. In this paper we give a review and discussion on multimode photonic integrated devices for mode-multiplexed optical- interconnects. Light propagation and mode conversion in tapered waveguides as well as bent waveguides are discussed flrst. Recent progress on mode converter-(de)multiplexers is then reviewed. The demands of some functional devices used for mode-multiplexed optical- interconnects are also discussed. In particular, the fabrication toler- ance is analyzed in detail for our hybrid demultiplexer, which enables mode-/polarization-division-(de)multiplexing simultaneously.
The first-principles investigations on magnetic ground-state in Sm-doped phenanthrene

Based on the density functional theory plus the effective Coulomb repulsion U, we have investigated the crystal structure, electronic properties and magnetic characteristics in Sm-doped phenanthrene, recently characterized as a superconductor with Tc∼5−6 Kelvin. Calculated total energies of different magnetic states indicate that Sm-doped phenanthrene is stable at the ferromagnetic ground-state. Considered the strong electronic correlations effect due to the intercalation of Sm-4f electrons, we found that the Sm-4f contributes to the Fermi surface together with C-2p, which is different from K-doped phenanthrene. Compared with alkali-metal-doped phenanthrene, Sm atom has larger local magnetic moment, which suppresses the superconductivity in conventional superconductors. Our results indicate that the electron-electron correlations play an important role in superconductivity of Sm-doped phenanthrene.
Laproscopic Hysterectomy versus Abdominal Hysterectomy with Physiotherapy on Obesity-Evidence Based Study

Introduction: With an increased rate of musculoskeletal ailments needs to be treated with due physical means. Aims and Objectives: The aims and objectives of this original study were to compare and analyse the impact of specific exercises on laparoscopic hysterectomy and abdominal hysterectomy on obesity and QOL. Materials and Methodology: Subject treated post laparoscopic hysterectomy and another post abdominal hysterectomy with same means of recovery. Results: The results of exercises in Chennai during the period from may 2017 – July 2017 with resisted exercises of thrice a week frequency. Exercises effects on waist circumference and quality of life using SF36 questionnaire were analyzed statistically with p< 0.01 Conclusion: Surgical modes have chosen influences on the outcome of physiotherapy especially among gynaecological subjects.
Modeling Floppy Iris Syndrome and the Impact of Phenylephrine on Iris Buckling

Abnormal iris movement (floppy iris syndrome) during intraocular surgery is associated with an increased risk of intraoperative complications. We have previously investigated this scenario with respect to intracameral air in corneal endothelial transplantation, and described the concept of iris buckling. As a number of clinical interventions are recommended for addressing floppy iris syndrome, we wished to evaluate the impact of intracameral phenylephrine on iris buckling and so refine our mathematical model. We considered the stability of an iris structure under a uniform pressure loading. We performed mathematical and computational simulations to demonstrate iris buckling, and then altered the parameters to assess the impact of phenylephrine on the model. We elucidated a number of buckled iris configurations which become unstable as the intraocular pressure increased, for transversely isotropic iris material properties, and identified a positive correlation between the critical pressure and the iris stiffness. A mechanical analysis with a dilated pupil (mimicking phenylephrine use) was also conducted, and demonstrated a significant increase in the critical pressure required to induce iris buckling. We have shown that iris buckling can arise at lower pressures when the iris stiffness is reduced, as in floppy iris syndrome. The use of phenylephrine was shown to prevent iris movement (buckling) by increasing the required critical pressures. This refined model demonstrates the positive effectiveness of phenylephrine in the management of floppy iris syndrome and gives evidence to the clinical practice of using this as a preventative measure.
FULL RECOVERY OF ARUNDO DONAX PARTICLEBOARD FROM SWELLING TEST WITHOUT WATERPROOFING ADDITIVES

This paper presents the development of particleboard based on common reed, reproducing the industry standard manufacturing process applied to wood chipboard. One of the main properties of the resulting board was its resistance to water, due to the hydrophobic properties of the common reed, despite there being no incorporation of melamine or any other waterproofing additive. The boards that were developed were analyzed using 2 mm and 4 mm sieves for fibre selection, a manufacturing pressure of 3 N/mm2 and 25 N/mm2, and a volume of urea formaldehyde resin content ranging from 5.2% to 13% (8 to 20% liquid format). Standard destructive tests were performed. It was found that under certain applied conditions, namely high pressure and adequate resin proportion (a pressure of over 3 N/mm2 and over 15% liquid resin), Arundo donax L. particleboard demonstrated full recovery from the swelling test. This finding highlights an unmatched property in terms of recovery from the swelling test of the designed board. This property confers a interesting property to be used in high humidity environments without the need for special resin or waterproofing process.
Excitation, adaption, and deadaptation of the cAMP-mediated cGMP Response in dictyostelium discoideum

Extracellular cAMP induces chemotaxis and cell aggregation in dictyostelium discoideum cells. cAMP added to a cell suspension is rapidly hydrolyzed (half-life of 10 s) and induces a rapid increase of intracellular cGMP levels, which reach a peak at 10 s and recover prestimulated levels at about 30 s. This recovery is not due to removal of the stimulus because the nonhydrolyzable analogue adenosine 3’,5’-monophosphorothioate-Sp- stereoisomer (cAMPS) induced a comparable cGMP response, which peaked at 10 s, even at subsaturating cAMPS concentrations. When cells were stimulated twice with the same cAMP concentration at a 30-s interval, only the first stimulus produced a cGMP response. Cells did respond to the second stimulus when the concentration of the second stimulus was higher than that of the first stimulus. By increasing the interval between two identical stimuli, the response to the second stimulus gradually increased. Recovery from the first stimulus showed first-order kinetics with a half-life of 1-2 min. The stimulation period was shortened by adding phosphodieterase to the cell suspension. The cGMP response was unaltered if the half-life of cAMP was reduced to 2 S. The peak of the transient cGMP accumulation still appeared at 10 s even when the half- life of cAMP was 0.4 s; however, the height of the cGMP peak was reduced. The cGMP response at 10 s after stimulation was diminished by 50 percent when the half-life of 10(-7) M cAMP was 0.5 s or when the half-life of 10(-8) M cAMP was 3.0 s. These results show that the cAMP signal is transduced to two opposing processes: excitation and adaptation. Within 10 s after addition of cAMP to a cell suspension the level of adaptation reaches the level of excitation, which causes the extinction of the transduction of the signal. Deadaptation starts as soon as the signal is removed, and it has first-order kinetics with a half-life of 1-2 min.
Bargaining Power, Management Control, and Performance in United States-China Joint Ventures: A Compa

This article reports a comparative case study of four international joint ventures created between the United States and the People’s Republic of China. The findings of this study suggest that the relative bargaining power of potential joint-venture partners significantly contributes to the structural configuration of the joint venture with respect to parent control, and that the structure of management control exercised by the parents affects venture performance. Several informal control mechanisms interacting with formal control structure and influencing performance are identified. The article also investigates the dynamic evolution of joint ventures over time as a result of changes in the environment, adjustments in the parents’ strategies, mutual learning between the partners, and the maturity of the joint venture. Finally, an integrative model is presented and several propositions for future research are offered.
Triple Band Micro-strip Rectangular Patch Antenna Mounted on Silk Substrate for Wearable Applications

In present trends miniaturization of antennas place a vital role in medical applications, so we have designed a microstrip patch antenna used for wearable applications. In this paper we have simulated the results of return loss, 2-D and 3-D radiation pattern of microstrip rectangular patch antenna for wearable applications. These are performed by using ANSOFT HFSS. Here we used silk as the dielectric substrate having relative permittivity of 4.5. The antenna is fed with co-axial feed.
Comparative study of the nematode communities on the southeastern Weddell Sea shelf and slope (Antarctica)

Nothing is known about the structure of free-living marine nematode communities in the high Antarctic. Our attempt at surveying this numerically most abundant meiobenthic taxon along the continental shelf and slope (200 to 2000 m) furnished information on generic, trophic and age composition in 2 regions in the Weddell Sea (Kapp Norvegia, 6 stations, 71-72°S, 12-13°W; Halley Bay, 11 stations, 74-75°S, 25-29°W). A total of 7300 nematode identifications to generic level were analyzed by means of a variety of statistical techniques. The spatial structure indicated the existence of 4 major nematode genus associations colonizing the upper slope, downslope, Halley shelf and a mixed habitat consisting of shelf break and Kapp Norvegia shelf. Dominated by genera like Sabatieria, Molgolaimus, Microlaimus, Monhystera, Daptonema, Leptolaimus, Acantholaimus and Dichromadora, these habitats often contained distinct associations of less abundant genera. The trophically diverse communities exhibited an equal sharing of epistrate, nonselective and selective deposit feeders, with a slight dominance of the first feeding category. Each feeding guild was considered in light of the correlations with microbial food and fresh versus decomposing organic matter, leading to the conclusion that the applied classification does not adequately explain the trophic status of the deep-water communities. Global-scale comparisons with literature data indicated the broad geographical distribution of predominant nematode taxa and a lack of Antarctic endemism. Only a weak separation of the entire nematode communities on a geographical basis was suggested by multivariate techniques. Although ocean-wide comparison was hampered by limited comparable literature data, diversity indices scored high and surpassed the Arctic bathyal assemblage. The major agents behind the observed patterns involved sediment grain size and food content, operating over different scales. Depth per se had no major effect. Underlying mechanisms included water-column productivity, hydrodynamics, iceberg activity and macrofaunal presence.
Hardware/Software Implementation of Embedded Systems for System Level Co-simulation in VHDL

We present a method for modeling and then simulat ing a mixed hardware/software embedded system imple mentation in VHDL starting from a high level design representation. In our approach, a complete system de scription including the communication interfaces is gen erated automatically in VHDL: Software is modeled by using behavioral VHDL constructs, annotated with tim ing information derivedfrom basic block-level timing es timates, while hardware can be either pre-existing Intel lectual Property (IP) or synthesized from a functional specification. Our approach has been incorporated into a comprehensive co-design environment, and while we describe elsewhere in detail the software synthesis and modeling in VHDL[9, 8], we focus here on the Finite State Machine with Datapath (FSMD) Register Trans fer Level (RTL) modeling of hardware, and the subse quent system validation in VHDL.
Adsorption mechanisms of Zn on hectorite as a function of time, pH, and ionic strength

The mechanisms of Zn uptake in dilute suspensions (∼2 g L - 1 ) of hectorite were investigated by kinetics experiments and extended X-ray absorption fine structure (EXAFS) spectroscopy on wet pastes and self-supporting films of Zn-sorbed hectorite. Kinetics experiments were performed at pH 4 and 6.5, in 0.3 and 0.01 M NaNO 3 , and with a total Zn concentration of 100 μM. In 0.01 M NaNO 3 , significant amounts of Zn were sorbed within the first 5 min of reaction at both pHs. This rapid uptake is consistent with Zn adsorption on exchange sites located on hectorite basal planes. After this fast sorption, the amount of sorbed Zn slowly increased at pH 6.5 but decreased at pH 4. In 0.3 M NaNO 3 , Zn uptake was less rapid within the first 5 min, and the amount of sorbed Zn subsequently increased at both pHs, with more Zn sorbing at the higher pH. This behavior is consistent with Zn adsorption on pH-dependent sites. The dissolution of hectorite was monitored during Zn sorption. In 0.3 M NaNO 3 at pH 6.5, initial Zn uptake was correlated with an excess release of Mg as compared to a hectorite suspension without added Zn. In contrast, Si release was inhibited initially by Zn addition. At pH 4, Zn addition did not affect the dissolution rate of hectorite. At pH 6.5, polarized-EXAFS (P-EXAFS) spectra obtained on self-supporting films for the two ionic strengths at reaction times between 6 and 120 h show similar crystallochemical environments for Zn. Four atomic shells were identified: a nearest O shell at an interatomic distance R Z n - O = 2.06 ′ 0.01 A, a Mg shell at R Z n - M g = 3.06-3.09 ′ 0.03 A, a Si shell at R Z n - S i = 3.23-3.26 ′ 0.03 A, and a next-nearest O shed at R Z n - O = 3.69-3.74 ′ 0.06 A. R Z n - M g and R Z n - S i values are characteristic of edge-shared Zn and Mg octahedra and of corner-shared Zn octahedra and Si tetrahedra, respectively. The angular dependencies of the Zn-Mg and Zn-Si contributions indicated that Zn-Mg pairs were oriented parallel to the film plane, whereas Zn-Si pairs were not. These results indicate that inner-sphere (IS) Zn surface complexes formed at layer edges of hectorite platelets, in continuity to octahedral sheets. Magic-angle EXAFS spectra of wet pastes and self-supporting films obtained at pH 6.5 in 0.3 M NaNO 3 are similar, confirming the IS uptake mechanism operated under fully wet conditions at high ionic strength. In 0.01 M NaNO 3 , a continuous evolution with increasing reaction time from predominantly outer-sphere (OS) to predominantly IS complexes was observed for wet pastes, suggesting that Zn initially sorbed as exchangeable OS complexes on interlayer sites, and then migrated to layer edges to form IS surface complexes. Based on previous work, Zn has a higher affinity than Co for the hectorite surface, in keeping with the higher stability of Zn phyllosilicates.
IMMUNOHISTOCHEMICAL EXPRESSION OF PCNA AND KI-67 IN PERIAPICAL GRANULOMA AND RADICULAR CYST

Objective : Periapical Granulomas (PGs) and Radicular Cysts (RCs), as the most common odontogenic lesions have yet unclear pathogenesis. This study was aimed to compare PCNA and Ki-67 expression in PGs and RCs and evaluate their possible relationship with two lesions. Methods: In this cross-sectional descriptive study, twenty PGs and twenty RCs were evaluated immunohistochemically using an anti-PCNA and anti-Ki-67 polyclonal antibodies. PCNA + and Ki-67 + cells were counted in connective tissue wall and epithelial lining (in RCs). Statistical analysis was performed by using Mann-Whitney U test and Spearman’s rank correlation coefficient. Results: In PGs, percentage of PCNA and Ki-67 expression were found 70% and 30%, respectively; In RCs, PCNA and Ki-67 expression were observed 90% and 55%, respectively. Additionally, in RCS, Immunoexpression of PCNA (85%) and Ki-67 (60%) were detected at epithelial lining area. The positive immunoexpression of PCNA in RCs was greater than PGs ( p <0.05).