Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The effect of the Cmv-1 resistance gene, which is linked to the natural killer cell gene complex, is mediated by natural killer cells.

The resistance of mice to lethal infection by murine CMV (MCMV) is under complex host genetic control with contributions from both H-2 and non-H-2 genes. We have previously shown that an autosomal, non-MHC encoded gene, Cmv-1, controls MCMV replication in the spleen. We have investigated the mechanism by which the Cmv-1 resistance gene confers protection against MCMV infection. Using H-2 compatible irradiation bone marrow chimeras, the enhanced resistance to MCMV infection that is associated with the Cmv-1l allele in the C57BL background was shown to be mediated by an irradiation-sensitive bone marrow-derived cell population, or a factor produced by these cells. The lack of correlation between serum IFN titers and the strain distribution pattern of Cmv-1 in CXB recombinant inbred mouse strains suggests that IFN does not mediate resistance conferred by this gene. Similarly, the lack of effect of in vivo depletion of mature CD4+ and CD8+ T cells on virus replication in C57BL/6J mice indicates that T cells are unlikely to be involved. In contrast, in vivo depletion of NK cells by injection of the anti-NK1.1 mAb PK136 abrogated restricted splenic virus replication in C57BL/6J----BALB.B chimeric mice and in the Cmv-1l CXB strains. These data indicate that the effect of the Cmv-1 gene is mediated by NK cells. The significant augmentation in NK cell activity after MCMV infection of the susceptible Cmv-1h strains (BALB/cBy), CXBG/By, CXBH/By, CXBI/By, and CXBK/By) indicates the existence in these mice of NK cells that are functionally and phenotypically distinct from those in Cmv-1l strains. NK cells present in the Cmv-1h strains are unable to restrict efficiently splenic MCMV replication in vivo, possibly due to a lack of specificity for virus-infected target cells. Finally, flow cytometric analysis of NK1-1 expression in CXB and BXD RI mice together with MCMV replication studies in the BXD RI strains indicate that Cmv-1 is closely linked to NK1.1 and other loci that reside on a distal segment of murine chromosome 6 in a region that has recently been defined as the natural killer complex.
jmbReview Biphasic Study to Characterize Agricultural Biogas Plants by High-Throughput 16 S rRNA Gene Amplicon Sequencing and Microscopic Analysis

Since accessible fossil fuel reservoirs are declining, there is the need to develop technologies for energy generation from renewable resources. Within the portfolio of renewable energies, production of fuels from biomass and agricultural waste has become an important branch of the energy industry, since green fuels can be stored, transported, and used for the production of electricity and heat [1-3]. Among the green fuels, biogas is generated during microbial degradation of plant biomass, animal manures, and other organic substrates under controlled anaerobic conditions. Complex consortia comprising Bacteria and Archaea generate energy-rich methane, starting from complex biomass-sourced biopolymers such as cellulose, xylan, starch, and other polymers. Hydrolysis, acidogenesis, and acetogenesis are Received: May 31, 2016 Revised: September 28, 2016 Accepted: October 9, 2016
Rapid evaluation and optimization of recombinant protein production using GFP tagging.

The isolation of recombinant proteins from bacterial or eukaryotic systems often requires a laborious optimization of expression and purification conditions. To greatly facilitate this procedure we included the green fluorescent protein (GFP) in bacterial expression vectors. This approach allowed us to sensitively detect the GFP hybrid proteins already in intact bacterial cells using a fluorescence microscope. To rapidly analyze a variety of conditions essential for protein expression, the GFP signal, indicative of expression levels, was directly quantitated in live bacterial suspensions using a fluorescence plate reader. Thus, GFP tagging not only allows one to directly monitor protein expression in general but also appears to increase protein stability or solubility.
Formal Verification of Bluetooth Standard 802 . 11 a Using UPPAAL

The time domain and node connectivity is the most critical analytical approach as an analyser in a real time operating system. The purpose of using AODV routing protocol is to decrease the delay and increase the efficiency of the network. AODV routing protocol and employs the idea of a trust model to protect routing behaviours in the network layer of MANETs. Cooperation between nodes should be established without any centralized authority. In the TAODV, trust among nodes is represented by opinion. In secured trust can be used to enhance tight security in the network. Hence UPPAAL is a tool which is specially designed to verify the time constraint in a real time operating system. UPPAAL is appropriate for systems that can be modelled as a collection of non-deterministic processes with finite control structure and real-valued clocks, communicating through channels or shared variables. UPPAAL is a simulator that consists of three parts that are: Editor, Simulator and Verifier. The connectivity of transmitter and receiver is confirmed by verifying the receivers reply to the transmitter and data connectivity is verified by checking the energy level of receiver. Keywords— Adhoc network, TAODV, Routing Protocol, 802.11, UPPAAL.
The retirement adjustment process: changes in the well-being of male retirees across time.

The purpose of this prospective study was to (1) evaluate the impact of retirement, (2) monitor the change in adjustment across time, and (3) identify the resources predictive of short- and long-term adjustment in retirement. A sample of 117 male retirees was assessed on indices of physical and psychological health, perceived control, retirement satisfaction, and life satisfaction at 2-4 months preretirement, 1 year post-, and 6-7 years postretirement. The results provided support for a positive impact of retirement, as retirees evidenced increases in well-being during the first year. There was also evidence of a retirement adjustment process, in that aspects of well-being (i.e., psychological health) changed from short- to long-term retirement. Finally, physical health, income, and voluntary retirement status predicted short-term adjustment, while internal locus of control was an additional resource for long-term adjustment. Changes in resources over time also differentially predicted short- and long-term adjustment (e.g., an increase in internal locus of control predicted an increase in activity satisfaction at 1 year but not at 6-7 years postretirement).
Functional Selectivity and Biased Receptor Signaling

With the emergence of information describing functional selectivity and biased agonists and antagonists has come a lack of confidence in “one size fits all” assays for detection of agonism. Seven-transmembrane receptors are pleiotropic with respect to the signaling protein to which they couple in a cell, and many conformations of the receptor can be formed; this leads to systems where ligands can stabilize unique conformations that go on to selectively activate signaling pathways. Thus, such “biased” ligands can produce cell-specific agonism that may require targeted assays to detect and quantify. It also predicts that ligands can have many different efficacies for the many behaviors that the receptor can exhibit (referred to as “pluridimensional efficacy”), leading to a breakdown in the common classifications of agonist and antagonist. This all poses unique challenges to the pharmacologic nomenclature of drugs, the detection and optimization of new drugs, and the association of phenotypic clinical profiles with pharmacological properties of drugs.
Patient affiliation in major illness

Synopsis Affiliation preferences among 100 Israeli out-patients with major illness were assessed in waiting room interviews. Patients preferred healthy others over being with fellow sufferers or alone, and avoided illness as a discussion topic. Secondary preference for being alone rather than with co-patients rose slightly with reported anxiety. Findings contradict the emotional comparison hypothesis that misery seeks out co-sufferers.
Calculation of bearing and common-mode voltages for the prediction of bearing failures caused by EDM currents

The paper deals with the calculation of the common-mode (CM) voltage and the electrostatic induced voltage across the bearings in the small power inverter-fed AC machines with wound round wire windings. A method for the calculation of the bearing voltage directly from the CM voltage at the neutral point has been previously proposed in the literature. In this paper, a new representation of the stator winding, which is verified experimentally, is proposed to be easily implemented in a simulation software tool for the calculation of the CM voltage. Moreover, an accurate calculation of the bearing voltage from the integral of the CM current, via the bearing voltage ratio, is proposed. The EDM currents and the bearing threshold voltages, which are responsible for the occurrence of the fusion craters, electrical pitting or fluting of the lubricated bearing surfaces, are also calculated.
Enterococcus faecalis--a mechanism for its role in endodontic failure.

AIM The aim of this study was to identify a possible mechanism that would explain how E. faecalis could survive and grow within dentinal tubules and reinfect an obturated root canal. METHODOLOGY Cells of Streptococcus gordonii DL1, Streptococcus mutans NG8, or E. faecalis JH2-2 were grown in brain heart infusion broth containing various amounts of human serum for 56 days. The ability of the three species to invade dentine and bind to immobilized type I collagen in the presence of human serum was assessed by dentine invasion and microtitre well experiments. RESULTS All three species remained viable over the period of the experiment when grown in human serum. Cells of all three bacteria were able to invade dentine and bind to immobilized collagen. Both of these properties were inhibited by the presence of collagen in the cell solution. Human serum inhibited dentine invasion and collagen adhesion by S. gordonii DL1 and S. mutans NG8, whilst dentine invasion by E. faecalis JH2-2 was reduced in the presence of serum, but not inhibited, and binding to collagen was enhanced. CONCLUSIONS It is postulated that a virulence factor of E. faecalis in failed endodontically treated teeth may be related to the ability of E. faecalis cells to maintain the capability to invade dentinal tubules and adhere to collagen in the presence of human serum.
Seven Transmembrane Receptors as Nature's Prototype Allosteric Protein: De-emphasizing the Geography of Binding

The article in this issue by Redka et al. (p. 834) illustrates some interesting interactions between classified orthosteric (bind to the same recognition site as endogenous agonist) and allosteric (bind to a different site) ligands. Of particular interest are the methods used to deal with an obfuscating factor in these kinds of studies, namely the propensity of seven transmembrane receptors to form dimers and thus demonstrate allosteric effects through binding at the orthosteric site. The judicious use of kinetics to detect and quantify allosteric action also is demonstrated. The various unique properties of allosteric modulators are discussed in the context of the increasing prevalence of allosteric ligands as investigational drugs.
An Economic Evaluation of Energy-Absorbing Flooring to Prevent Hip Fractures

Abstract An economic evaluation of energy-absorbing flooring designed to prevent hip fractures revealed a payback period of 10½ years if only direct costs avoided were evaluated and just over 11 months when direct and indirect costs were included. Cost-effectiveness ratios of less than $0 per hip fracture prevented and life year saved were also estimated.
Modeling of the induction machine for the diagnosis of rotor defects. Part I. An approach of magnetically coupled multiple circuits

The authors develop the squirrel cage induction machine model for the diagnosis of defects from an approach of magnetically coupled multiple circuits. The generalized model is established on the base of mathematical recurrences. The winding function theory is used for determining the rotor resistances and the inductances in the case of n-broken bars and broken end-ring. Simulation results, in Part. II of this paper, confirm the validity of the proposed model.
GENE FLOW, EFFECTIVE POPULATION SIZES, AND GENETIC VARIANCE COMPONENTS IN BIRDS

The genetic structure of natural populations is of general interest because many current models in ecology and evolution involve assumptions about the viscosity of breeding populations. For instance, theories of group and kinship selection, local adaptation, and speciation all depend on the magnitude of an among-deme component of genetic variance. In spite of this, information on genetic population structure is not available for most taxa. Such information can be obtained through two general classes of analysis. One approach is to analyze genotypic frequencies in populations to obtain direct estimates of genetic population structure using F statistics (Cockerham, 1969, 1973). This has been attempted for a few taxa with electrophoretic data (Hedgecock, 1978; Smith et al., 1978). A second approach is to infer the theoretically expected among-deme variance component using estimates of dispersal parameters in a fashion analogous to that used by Dobzhansky and Wright (1943, 1947). This approach has not been widely used, but this is certainly due in pdrt to the difficulty of obtaining quantitative estimates of dispersal distributions for natural populations. Some effort has been devoted to this method, however, in Drosophila (Crumpacker and Williams, 1973; Powell et al., 1976), a lizard (Kerster, 1964), and a snail (Greenwood, 1974). It is somewhat surprising, though, that this type of analysis has not been extended to avian species; banding, population, and behavioral studies have generated dispersal information that could be used in such a way. The objective of this paper is to estimate gene flow, effective population sizes and genetic variance components for several avian species using available dispersal data. To do this it
Touch Screen Text Entry as Cognitively Bounded Rationality

: Typing on a smartphone is an everyday activity that involves various cognitive and behavioural processes. This paper models touch screen text entry as cognitively bounded rationality. The model aims to maximise error-free text throughput, while being constrained by its architecture and task environment. Empirical data are used to calibrate the model, which demonstrates adequate ﬁt. The model is used to explore how strategic choices under given constraints affect text entry performance. The preliminary model presented here serves as a conﬁrmation that touch screen text entry can be modelled as cognitively bounded rationality. Future extensions by integration into richer cognitive architectures are outlined.
Colonoscopy Education Among African-American Males in the Primary Care Setting of Bronx County, New York

Healthcare disparities are prevalent throughout the United States of America, particularly among low socioeconomic communities and minority groups. As primary care providers in Bronx, New York, the authors have noted that African American males often decline colonoscopy screening measures more frequently than other minorities. Ironically, the same cohort of African American men has the highest incidence of colon cancer and less favorable outcomes from chemotherapy intervention. In hopes of making a segue into a more informed conversation with our patients, we have developed an informative fact sheet for patients and their families on the basis of evidence-based literature. The objective was to employ this fact sheet to educate patients about colorectal cancer screening in an understandable and clinically effective manner.
Influence of Stator Asymmetry on Cogging Torque of Permanent Magnet Brushless Machines

The paper investigates the influence of stator asymmetry on the cogging torque of permanent magnet brushless motors. It shows that high localized magnetic saturation due to such asymmetry can significantly increase the magnitude of the cogging torque and introduces cogging components which have an order lower than the least common multiple between the stator slot number and the rotor pole number. The findings are confirmed by both finite element analyses and measurements on an 18-slot, 6-pole prototype motor.
Some Properties of the Generalized Stuttering Poisson Distribution and Its Applications

Based on the probability generating function of stuttering Poisson distribution (SPD), this paper considers some equivalent propositions of SPD. From this, we show that some distributions in the application of non-life insurance actuarial science are SPD, such as negative binomial distribution, compound Poisson distribution etc. By weakening condition of equivalent propositions of SPD, we define the generalized SPD and prove that any non-negative discrete random variable X with P{X = 0} > 0.5 obey generalized SPD. Then, we discuss the waiting time distribution of generalized stuttering Poisson process. We consider cumulant estimation of generalized SPD's parameters. As an application, we use SPD with four parameters (4th SPD) to fit auto insurance claim data. The fitting results show that 4th SPD is more accurate than negative binomial and Poisson distribution.
Expertise and the Perception of Kinematic and Situational Probability Information

Two experiments were conducted on the nature of expert perception in the sport of squash. In the first experiment, ten expert and fifteen novice players attempted to predict the direction and force of squash strokes from either a film display (occluded at variable time periods before and after the opposing player had struck the ball) or a matched point-light display (containing only the basic kinematic features of the opponent's movement pattern). Experts outperformed the novices under both display conditions, and the same basic time windows that characterised expert and novice pick-up of information in the film task also persisted in the point-light task. This suggests that the experts' perceptual advantage is directly related to their superior pick-up of essential kinematic information. In the second experiment, the vision of six expert and six less skilled players was occluded by remotely triggered liquid-crystal spectacles at quasi-random intervals during simulated match play. Players were required to complete their current stroke even when the display was occluded and their prediction performance was assessed with respect to whether they moved to the correct half of the court to match the direction and depth of the opponent's stroke. Consistent with experiment 1, experts were found to be superior in their advance pick-up of both directional and depth information when the display was occluded during the opponent's hitting action. However, experts also remained better than chance, and clearly superior to less skilled players, in their prediction performance under conditions where occlusion occurred before any significant pre-contact preparatory movement by the opposing player was visible. This additional source of expert superiority is attributable to their superior attunement to the information contained in the situational probabilities and sequential dependences within their opponent's pattern of play.
Mapping of the IDDM Locus Idd3 to a 0.35-cM Interval Containing the Interleukin-2 Gene

Currently, 16 loci that contribute to the development of IDDM in the NOD mouse have been mapped by linkage analysis. To fine map these loci, we used congenic mapping. Using this approach, we localized the Idd3 locus to a 0.35-cM interval on chromosome 3 containing the Il2 gene. Segregation analysis of the known variations within this interval indicated that only one variant, a serine-to-proline substitution at position 6 of the mature interleukin-2 (IL-2) protein, consistently segregates with IDDM in crosses between NOD and a series of nondiabetic mouse strains. These data, taken together with the immunomodulatory role of IL-2, provide circumstantial evidence in support of the hypothesis that Idd3 is an allelic variation of the Il2 gene, or a variant in strong linkage disequilibrium.
Analisis Biaya Terapi Diabetes Melitus Tipe 2 Di Rumah Sakit PKU Muhammadiyah Bantul Yogyakarta

Diabetes Melitus tipe 2 merupakan salah satu jenis DM yang paling banyak ditemukan yaitu lebih dari 90-95% dan merupakan penyakit degeneratif yang sangat terkait pola makan.Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui rata-rata total biaya terapi pasien DM tipe 2 rawat jalan dan rawat inap, baik yang mengalami komplikasi maupun tanpa komplikasi di Rumah Sakit PKU Muhammadiyah Bantul Yogyakarta. Penelitian ini merupakan jenis penelitian farmakoekonomi cost analysis dilihat dari sudut pandang asuransi dengan desain penelitian deskriptif. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan mengambil semua populasi yang memenuhi kriteria inklusi. Hasil penelitian pasien DM tipe 2 rawat jalan, 6 pasien DM tanpa komplikasi dengan terapi kombinasi insulin dan antidiabetik oral (83%). Total rata-rata biaya terapi berkisar antara Rp.247. 309 sampai Rp.686. 753 per bulan, dipengaruhi total biaya obat antidiabetik. Sedangkan 71 pasien DM komplikasi dengan jenis terapi tunggal dan kombinasi, total rata-rata biaya terapi berkisar antara Rp.128. 143 sampai Rp.1. 174.342 per bulan, dipengaruhi jenis terapi antidiabetik, total biaya obat antidiabetik, dan total biaya obat komplikasi. Sebanyak 60 pasien DM tipe 2 rawat inap, 17 pasien DM tanpa komplikasi dengan total rata-rata biaya terapi terbesar Rp.3. 853.084 adalah terapi novorapid-deculin dengan rata-rata lama rawat inap 6 hari, dipengaruhi biaya laboratorium dan obat penyakit penyerta. Sedangkan 43 pasien DM komplikasi dengan total rata-rata biaya terapi terbesar Rp.9. 499.936 adalah terapi novorapid-onglyza pada komplikasi PJK, dengan rata-rata lama rawat inap 8 hari, dipengaruhi biaya rawat inap, tindakan penunjang, laboratorium dan alat kesehatan
LABETALOL AND BENDROFLUAZIDE: comparison of their antihypertensive effects

A randomized, double‐blind crossover trial of labetalol, bendrofluazide and placebo was carried out in 18 patients with mild to moderate hypertension. The reduction in blood pressure observed with labetalol and bendrofluazide was similar. The plasma levels of labetalol showed a significant correlation with changes in blood pressure (r = 0.07; P < 0.021); and plasma level determinations of this drug may be of value in the management of patients who receive antihypertensive agents.
Effectiveness and Safety of Gamma Knife Radiosurgery for Glossopharyngeal Neuralgia

Glossopharyngeal neuralgia (GPN) is a rare disorder of the ninth cranial nerve characterized by severe paroxysmal pain affecting the ear, tongue, and throat. GPN can be associated with life-threatening issues such as cardiac arrhythmias, syncope, or malnutrition and weight loss from odynophagia. Though traditional treatment for GPN involves medical management at first and surgery for refractory cases, these therapies are often poorly tolerated in the elderly population. We describe the case of a 99-year-old woman, the oldest reported patient with GPN treated successfully with Gamma Knife radiosurgery. We conclude that Gamma Knife radiosurgery for GPN can be both effective and very well tolerated in the elderly and deserves further study and careful consideration as a treatment option in this population.