Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Allele-specific open chromatin in human iPSC neurons elucidates functional non-coding disease variants

Functional interpretation of noncoding disease variants, which likely regulate gene expression, has been challenging. Chromatin accessibility strongly influences gene expression during neurodevelopment; however, to what extent genetic variants can alter chromatin accessibility in the context of brain disorders/traits is unknown. Using human induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC)-derived neurons as a neurodevelopmental model, we identified abundant open-chromatin regions absent in adult brain samples and thousands of genetic variants exhibiting allele-specific open-chromatin (ASoC). ASoC variants are overrepresented in brain enhancers, transcription-factor-binding sites, and quantitative-trait-loci associated with gene expression, histone modification, and DNA methylation. Notably, compared to open chromatin regions and other commonly used functional annotations, neuronal ASoC variants showed much stronger enrichments of risk variants for various brain disorders/traits. Our study provides the first snapshot of the neuronal ASoC landscape and a powerful framework for prioritizing functional disease variants. One Sentence Summary Allele-specific open chromatin informs functional disease variants
Evaluating the benefits of mixed plantain/chicory/clover pastures in a Hawkeâ€™s Bay sheep breeding and finishing farm

Farming in the inland Hawkeâ€™s Bay, New Zealand with traditional pasture is limited by pasture quality in summer and early autumn. Low lamb growth rates in spring/summer pushes lamb finishing into the late summer and early autumn when feed demand competes with sheep mating and compromises pasture cover entering winter. We discuss our process for investigating and adopting high legume herb-based pastures that thrive within the constraints of our soils. This process involved learning from other farms and trials, small-scale on-farm trials and farm-system modelling. We gain considerable confidence from observing plantain, chicory and clover pastures within a learning group run by Massey University. Our on-farm trial measured by On-Farm Research showed favourable forage production (+20% greater than ryegrass-clover pastures for spring, autumn and winter) and longevity (4â€“6 grazing seasons). From this we modelled our farm using Farmax software. Farmax calculated an historically poor performance in February, March and April from ewes (-65, -45, -15 g/day respectively) and lambs (55, 0, 35 g/day respectively). Based on six key assumptions, we have calculated the profitability of herb-based pastures. These are compared with the performance we are currently achieving on herb-based pastures. For each value we are achieving better than assumed, i.e. ewe weaning weight 64.0 versus 62 kg, lamb weaning weight 33.0 versus 31.3 kg, ewe lamb growth rate 132 versus 100 g/day, male lamb growth rate 253 versus 235 grams/day and ewe hogget scanning percentage 144 versus 130.
Daily Versus As-Needed Inhaled Corticosteroid for Mild Persistent Asthma (The Helsinki Early Intervention Childhood Asthma Study)

Turpeinen M, Nikander K, Pelkonen AS, et al. Arch Dis Child. 2008;93(8):654–659 PURPOSE OF THE STUDY. To compare the effect on mild persistent asthma of inhaled budesonide given daily or as needed. METHODS. A total of 176 children 5 to 10 years of age with newly diagnosed asthma were randomly assigned to 3 treatment groups, (1) continuous budesonide dry powder inhaler, given at 400 mg twice daily for 1 month, 200 mg twice daily for months 2 to 6, and 100 mg twice daily for months 7 to 18; (2) budesonide treatment identical to …
Assessment of Inbreeding Depression and Inbreeding Trend of Production Traits in Iraqi Holstein Cows

Inbreeding is defined as the probability that two alleles at any locus are identical by descent and occur when related individuals are mated to each other. A total of 123427, 115810 and 88361 records of 412-d yields of milk, fat and protein of Iraqi Holstein cows were collected from 1995 to 2010 in 838 herds used to estimation the inbreeding depression and inbreeding trend. Pedigree records of Iraqi Holstein cow were used to assessment inbreeding coefficients and these coefficients ranged from 0 to 42%. Animal model was used to estimation inbreeding depression on traits. Fixed effects included in statistical model were herd – year, age at calving and inbreeding coefficient as continuous and discrete variable. When considering inbreeding as continuous variable in model, the inbreeding depression for 412-d yields of milk, fat and protein were -28.19, 0.98 and -0.88 kg per 1% increase in inbreeding in Iraqi Holsteins, respectively. In this group of animal that inbreeding coefficient was between 0 < F ≤ 5.34 inbreeding was not caused reduction in production traits. However, in group of animal that inbreeding coefficient was greater than 5.34, and inbreeding depression in production traits was observed. The result of this study confirms of inbreeding depression in Iraqi Holstein cows. Original Research Article Moradpour and Hamidi; AJB2T, 5(4): 1-9, 2019; Article no.AJB2T. 51509 2
An AGP epitope distinguishes a central metaxylem initial from other vascular initials in the Arabidopsis root

$ummary. The developrrmntal express.ion of a~ arablnogNaeta,~ p~cotein (AGP) *ecognised by a monocto*lal antibc~Jy, J~M 13, is described N Arabidopais roo~s, h is expressed in the singte initial of the central metaxylem vesset tahat ties hnmediately above the fott~ cemral cells of the quiescent ce~tm. AGP expressior~ sp~vads in a non-clona] fashion to neighboming ceil files as they mature. The AGP first appears in other pre-metaxylem elements and subsequently in. the layer of parenchyma cells oa either side of the xyIem axis~ Later, it sprea.ds to the entire ring of eight endodermat, cell files andto those tm~icyele cell flies next to the xylem pole. R is posmlated that this epitope reflects aa underlying set of cell signNting eve~ats that may be involved in defining local positional values of cells important in establishing cellaIa~ patterns N the root.
Termorregulación de la lagartija Liolaemus chacoensis (Squamata: Liolaemidae) durante su ciclo reproductivo, en el Chaco occidental, Argentina

La capacidad de muchas especies de lagartos para disminuir su costo de mantenimiento durante los cambios de temperaturas ambientales está probablemente relacionada con su éxito para hacer frente a un ambiente fluctuante. En Argentina, Liolaemus chacoensis es una especie conocida en el sector del Chaco Árido de Llanura, esta región es un área subtropical que presenta diferencias estacionales bien marcadas y las temperaturas medias ambientales son cada vez más variables. El objetivo de este trabajo fue determinar cómo influyen las temperaturas ambientales en la termorregulación de L. chacoensis y conocer si la población responde como una unidad o existen diferencias entre el sexo y la estación. Los individuos fueron capturados a mano en el sector Sur de Valle Fértil, provincia de San Juan. Se capturaron un total de 44 individuos adultos durante los meses de noviembre 2014 (primavera), febrero 2015 (verano) y marzo 2015 (otoño). En primavera, se capturaron 17 individuos (9 hembras y 8 machos); para el verano fueron 10 individuos en total (5 hembras, 5 machos) y en otoño 17 lagartos (7 hembras, 10 machos). Se registró la temperatura corporal (Tc), la temperatura del sustrato (Ts) y del aire (Ta) y se evaluó la disponibilidad térmica del hábitat desde la perspectiva de un organismo no termorregulador, utilizando modelos biofísicos. En laboratorio, se estudió la temperatura seleccionada (Tsel). Luego se calculó el índice de eficiencia termorregulatoria (E). La temperatura corporal de campo en otoño fue 3.86 °C menor con respecto a primavera y 2.84 °C inferior a la de verano, lo cual se relaciona con la dependencia encontrada entre Tc y Ta. La media de Tsel entre las estaciones fue similar (P > 0.05). El índice de eficiencia termorregulatoria indica que L. chacoensis se comportaría como un termorregulador moderado (E = 0.33), excepto para el otoño (E = 0.01), donde se observa que tienden a una termorregulación nula. Al analizar los diferentes segmentos poblacionales de L. chacoensis se observó una marcada heterogeneidad estacional en la biología térmica y la selección activa de los micrositios parece ser un mecanismo responsable del mantenimiento de la temperatura corporal de la especie.
Calling differential DNA methylation at cell-type resolution: an objective status-quo

Due to cost and logistical reasons, Epigenome-Wide-Association Studies (EWAS) are normally performed in complex tissues, resulting in average DNA methylation profiles over potentially many different cell-types, which can obscure important cell-type specific associations with disease. Identifying the specific cell-types that are altered is a key hurdle for elucidating causal pathways to disease, and consequently statistical algorithms have recently emerged that aim to address this challenge. Comparisons between these algorithms are of great interest, yet here we find that the main comparative study so far was substantially biased and potentially misleading. By using this study as an example, we highlight some of the key issues that need to be considered to ensure that future assessments between methods are more objective.
EFFECT OF 17-𝛼-METHYL TESTOSTERONE (MT) ON ALL-MALE SEX REVERSAL AND DETERMINATION, GROWTH AND SURVIVAL OF Clarias gariepinus JUVENILES IN CONCRETE STAGNANT SYSTEMS

Sex determination, growth performance and survival of Clarias gariepinus juveniles were examined as they responded to 17α-methyl testosterone (MT) and absolute ethanol mixed in their feed. Varying levels of 50 mgKg /MT, 100 mgKg /MT and 0 mgKg -1 /MT were used. These inclusion levels further served as treatments TCG 50, TCG 100, TCG 0. A total of 270 Clarias gariepinus juveniles were stocked in six (6) concrete stagnant systems of 2metre by 2metre square. Treatments were duplicated and TCG 0 served as the control. Duration was for One hundred and twenty one (121) days. The mean initial weights were taken as 0.05±0.00 a g for treatment TCG 0, 0.06±0.01 a g for treatment TCG 50 and 0.05±0.00 a g for treatment TC 100. Highest mean weight gain of 2.40±0.21 b g observed in the study was seen in the Clarias gariepinus juvenile tank TCG 50. Performance index showed treatment TCG 50 performed highest with value 116.02±0.00 a . Survival rate was highest in treatment TCG 0 with 92.22±1.57 a %, higher in treatment TCG 100 with 83.33±7.86 a % and high in treatment TCG 50 with 81.11±1.57 a %. Condition factor K was greater than 1 throughout the study showing well-being of the fishes; highest in treatment TCG 50 at value 6.67. Water quality parameters were at normal ranges throughout the study.
Ocular bacterial flora and antimicrobial susceptibility profile of a diabetic population in Cameroon: an analytical study

The ocular flora can be a contributing factor to potentially devastating eye infections, especially under certain conditions such as diabetes. The aim of this study was to determine the influence of diabetes on the bacterial conjunctival flora and to assess its susceptibility to antibiotics. In an analytical cross-sectional study conducted in three hospitals in the department of Nde-Cameroon, we included diabetic and non-diabetic participants. Samples were obtained by swabbing the lower conjunctival fornix. Gram stain and culture were performed and antibiotic sensitivity determined in case of bacterial growth. A positive culture was found in 33/40 (82.5%) diabetic participants and 16/40 (40%) non-diabetic participants. Diabetic participants showed a more frequent positive flora for Staphylococcus epidermidis, Bacillus, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa, while the majority of non-diabetic patient’s flora were Bacillus, Staphylococcus epidermidis, and Staphylococcus saprophyticus. In diabetics, resistance of Staphyloccocus Coagulase-negative strains was observed in 80-100% of cases for Oxacillin and Trimethoprin-Sulfamethoxy. For Gram-negative strains, resistance was 80-100% for Penicillin, Oxacillin and Cefixime in diabetics. A positive culture was more frequently found in diabetic participants with a difference for the composition and antibiotic susceptibility compared to healthy people. This information may provide a better guideline for the prevention and the management of ocular diseases. © 2019 International Formulae Group. All rights reservedKeywords: Diabetes, ocular flora, bacteria, susceptibility profile, Staphylococcus
Perubahan Struktur Histologi Insang dan Mortalitas Ikan Mas (Cyprinus carpio) akibat Pembekuan dan Pemingsanan dengan Minyak cengkeh.

RIDHA FATHIHATUNNISA. Changes in the Histological Structure of Gills and Mortality of Carp (Cyprinus carpio) impact Freezing and Stunning with Clove Oil. Supervised by RUDDY SUWANDI dan AGOES M JACOEB. Carp is a popular fish commodity and usually marketed in living conditions so that transportation tecnology becomes important. Live fish transportation is carried out by moving the fish with stunning treatments to keep the fish alive. Stunning fish is one of preliminary treatment before dry transportation system so the survival rate of fish is high untill arrived the destination. This study aim to observe the effect of stunning with clove oil and freezing time on the fish mortality. The concentration clove oil used is 125 ppm. Time freezing was 60, 90 and 120 minutes at temperature used -13°C. The fastest conscious time is 4.83 minutes obtained at fish with stunning treatment at 60 minutes freezing. The slowest conscious time is 26.20 minutes obtained at fish without stunning treatment at 120 minutes freezing. This stage of the study can be concluded by stunning, freezing and re-awareness methods that obtained the lowest mortality rate of 0% using a stunning treatment with 90 minutes of storage time. Histology analysis found damage to fish tissue at freezing 120 minutes which gill filamens bleeding.
BeST - Belgian screening tools : mise à disposition d'outils d'aide à la décision en soins infirmiers BeST - Belgian screening tools: making available decision-making tools in nursing

Objectif : Les infirmieres n'ont souvent aucune idee de la validite et fiabilite des echelles qu'elles utilisent dans leur pratique. Neanmoins, ces echelles sont rarement accessibles. L'objectif du projet BeST - Belgian Screening Tools - etait de construire une base de donnees avec des echelles valides et fiables utiles dans les soins infirmiers, pour lesquelles un apercu des criteres psychometriques est detaille. Methodes : Une revue de la litterature a ete realisee afin d'identifier les echelles valides et fiables. Des lors, un filtre de recherche a ete utilise dans plusieurs bases de donnees (Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL), PubMed, Cinahl, Invert). Les criteres d'inclusion etaient : articles rediges en anglais, francais, neerlandais, allemand entre 1993 et 2009. Les themes investigues etaient : desorientation, risque d'escarres, etat buccal, nausees-vomissements, coma, douleur, fatigue, sedation, fonction cognitive, etat fonctionnel et psychosocial, nutrition, continence, soins de plaies, soins autogeres, qualite de vie et soins aux catheters. Resultats : Parmi les 141 echelles selectionnees, 20 sont specifiques aux enfants, 24 aux adultes, 48 aux personnes âgees et 49 destinees a tout patient ; 42 echelles sont destinees aux infirmieres, 21 aux medecins, 39 a tous les prestataires et 20 utilisables par le patient lui-meme. Toutes les echelles selectionnees sont disponibles dans la base de donnees BeST gratuitement accessible et regulierement actualisee. Par theme et par echelle, une description de l'echelle, de l'objectif, du groupe-cible, des tables d'evidence et des references est mentionnee. Conclusion : Nombre d'echelles validees sont gratuitement telechargeables sur le site www.best. ugent.be et donc, facilement accessibles et applicables en pratique clinique.
Syndrome Analysis and Etiological Factor Survey of 122 Patients with Premature Ovarian Failure

Objective To explore the TCM syndrome and its distribution regularity of premature ovarian failure(POF) as well as the relation between the etiological factor and TCM syndrome of it.Methods The pathogenetic condition and etiological factor of 122 patients with POF were surveyed,and TCM syndrome differentiation was carried out on them.Results The TCM symptoms of POF manifested the tendency of variety.Among the 122 cases,Gan-stagnation and Shen-deficiency type accounted for 33.61% of them,Gan-Shen yin deficiency type for 18.03%,Pi-Shen yang deficiency type for 15.57%,Jin damage due to excessive heat type for 15.57%,Shen-deficiency blood stasis type for 8.20%,and Gan-stagnation and Pi-deficiency type for 7.38%. The influence of modern living environment and life style to the disease was found in 68.03% of the patients’ case history.31. 15% of the patients was induced by emotion,31.97% by drugs and disease,and 4.92% by both of them.In patients induced by emotion,the proportion of Gan-stagnation and Shen-deficiency type was the highest as compared with the other types(P0.05). In patients induced by drugs and disease,compared with the other 4 types,Jin damage due to excessive heat type as well as Gan-stagnation and Shen-deficiency type were higher(P 0.05). In 37 patients without obvious etiological factor,Gan-Shen yin deficiency type,Gan-stagnation and Shen-deficiency type as well as Pi-Shen yang deficiency type were the most,but no significant difference was shown among them(P 0.05). Conclusion Gan-stagnation and Shen-deficiency type,Gan-Shen yin deficiency,Pi-Shen yang deficiency type and Jin damage due to excessive heat are the commonly encountered syndromes in patients with POF.Besides the congenital,Shen-Qi and Chong-Ren Qi-blood insufficiency as well as the genetic factor,the modern living environment and life style have the promotion in the genesis of POF.
An Empirical Analysis Rejects the Hybrid Speciation Hypothesis of a Crucial Kiwifruit Species, Despite Genomic Evidence of Frequent Interspecific Gene Flow in the Genus

Hybrid speciation is an important way to generate species diversity. In general, however, interspecific hybridization is easily confused with the formation of hybrid species. Using the genomic resequencing data of the kiwifruit genus (Actinidia), at least ten species were documented recently as homoploid hybrid species, and thus a two-layer mode of species diversification has been proposed. As a crucial piece of evidence, Actinidia fulvicoma was identified as a hybrid derivative of Actinidia eriantha × Actinidia cylindrica, representing a rare case of hybrid species in kiwifruit that won the competition of ecological niches with one of its putative parental species, A. cylindrica. However, the hypothesized hybrid origin of A. fulvicoma is inconsistent with our specimen observations. Here, we present multiple lines of evidence to reject the hybrid speciation hypothesis for this species, despite genomic evidence for frequent interspecific gene flow. We collected the samples of A. fulvicoma in type locality and neighboring regions to contrast them with type specimen, and sequenced nuclear ribosomal DNA ITS, chloroplast trnL-trnF and mitochondrial nad2-i3, as well as four single-copy nuclear genes explored from kiwifruit genomes, to infer phylogenetic relationships among A. fulvicoma, its putative parental species, and their relatives. Our data definitely reveal that A. fulvicoma occupies an independent backbone lineage and it is not a hybrid. This study suggests that correct evolutionary applications on extensive surveys of the putative hybrid and its possible parents with strict criteria are necessary in the documentation of hybrid speciation to advance our understanding of the genomic basis of hybrid species.
The Response Analysis of BR Related Genes at Low Temperature in Potato Sprout Regulation

Brassinosteroids (BR) plays an important role in regulating plant growth. We found that the expression of BR synthesis and signal transduction genes were up-regulation when potato dormancy was released, and suckering agents can inhibit the expression of Methylsterol monooxygenase 1 (SMO1), Delta24-sterol reductase 1 (DWF1), Protein BR insensitive 1 (BRI1), BR-signaling kinase (BSK) and Cyclin D3 (CYCD3) genes in potato tuber. Besides, we found that the storage period among different cultivars are significant different at low temperature. Low temperature can obviously extend cultivar ‘Favorita’ storage time than cultivar ‘Mira’. In order to explore the response of BR genes to potato sprout at low temperature. This study will analyze the expression of BR synthesis, signal transduction and regulation genes at from cultivar ‘Favorita’ and cultivar ‘Mira’ which both cultivars are storage at low temperature (4°C) and room temperature (23±2)°C environment by qRT-PCR technique. The results showed that the expression of DWF1 and BRI1 are decreased in both cultivars by low temperature treatment. The expression of SMO1, BSK and CYCD3 genes are decreased in cultivar ‘Favorita’by low temperature treatment. While, the expression of SMO1, BSK and CYCD3 genes in‘Mira’are increase by temperature treatment. It shows that low temperature influences the expression of SMO1, BSK and CYCD3 genes in cultivar ‘Favorita’, which results in the long dormancy period of the cultivar ‘Favorita’. These results will provide the theoretical basis in elucidating the BR mechanism of potato sprout, breeding variety selection and new technology research and development of potato storage regulation.
Ultramicrostructure Research of Gastric Mucosa of Gastric Abscess Patients and Realization of the TCM Theory of "Spleen-Mitochondria Correlation"

The auther elucidated the TCM theory of "spleen-mitochondria correlation"in 1984,thought that mitochondria and spleen of TCM had close relationship.After that,we observed gastric mucosa of 16 cases spleen-stomach qi deficiency,16 cases liver-stomach disharmony gastric abscess patients and 3 cases health adults through transmission electron microscope,found that mitochondria number of acid cell of spleen-stomach qi deficiency astric abscess patients,counted number of zymogen granule of adelomorphous cell in unit area obviously decreased obviously compared with control group and liver-stomach disharmony group;mitochondria swollen,membrane defected,cristae broken,matrix thinningzed in both acid cell and adelomorphous cell,which had obvious difference compared with control group.We think that spleen governing transportation and transformation is not merely gastrointestinal digestion and absorption of food,most important is the mitochondria oxidative phosphorylation.Take mitochondria as the important ingredient of spleen,not only explain precisely spleen governing transportation and transformation of TCM,but also can contact with spleen nourishing the muscles,limbs;spleen governing blood,mouth and oral lip reflecting spleen etc,also conduce to explain the theory of spleen related to five organs.