Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
3,3'-Diindolylmethane increases serum interferon-γ levels in the K14-HPV16 transgenic mouse model for cervical cancer.

UNLABELLED While cervical cancer incidence and mortality rates have declined in the United States, this cancer represents a worldwide threat. Human papilloma viral infection causes cervical neoplasia (CIN). 3,3'-Diindolylmethane (DIM) prevents or inhibits the progression from cervical dysplasia to cancer. The aim of this study is to determine the most effective dose of DIM given continuously in food, that significantly increases serum interferon gamma levels (IFN-γ) in the K14-HPV16 transgenic mouse model for cervical cancer. MATERIALS AND METHODS Five doses of DIM in food were administered to the mouse model for 20 weeks. Serum Interferon gamma (IFN-γ) levels and estrogen metabolite levels were quantified. RESULTS At 1000 ppm DIM, serum IFN-γ concentrations were significantly increased (p<0.0396). The estrogen metabolites were unchanged. IFN-γ concentrations in CIN free mice and the percentage of CIN free transgenic mice were well correlated (r=0.88). DISCUSSION Significant increases in IFN-γ serum concentrations that correlate with the percentage of CIN free mice in each group indicate that 1000 ppm of DIM in food may be the most effective dose for future studies. These results may eventually lead to new and effective vaccination strategies in women already infected with the human papilloma virus.
Rumen fermentation and rumen microbes in Nellore steers receiving diets with different lipid contents

The objective of the present study was to evaluate the effects of dietary lipid content (20, 40 and 60 g/kg dry matter) on intake, total and ruminal apparent digestibility of dry matter (DM), nutrient digestibility, rumen fermentation parameters, microbial synthesis efficiency and rumen microbial content of beef cattle. Nine cannulated steers at 6 months of age with initial body weight of 232±35 kg were used in a triplicate 3 × 3 Latin square design. The results indicated that the total intake and digestibility of DM, organic matter (OM), gross energy (GE), neutral detergent fiber (NDF) and acid detergent fiber (ADF) were not affected by the lipid content of the diet. However, the lowest lipid content diet reduced the total digestibility of crude protein (CP) and total carbohydrate linearly compared with the highest lipid diet. In contrast, when steers were fed a diet containing 20 g lipids/kg of DM, the concentration of ammonia in the rumen decreased quadratically relative to the other diets. Ruminal pH was not affected by the interaction of treatment and sampling time; however, the rumen pH decreased quadratically in animals that received the highest dietary lipid content (60 g/kg) compared with animals that received 20 and 40 g lipids/kg of DM. The rumen concentrations of volatile fatty acids, propionate, and butyrate and the acetate/propionate ratio were affected by the dietary lipid content. However, the microbial population, microbial N flow, and efficiency of synthesis were not affected by dietary lipid content. Overall, an increase in the lipid content of the diet of Nellore steers resulted in similar digestive profiles and fermentation conditions.
Capacity of Mycobacterium avium isolates to grow well or poorly in murine macrophages resides in their ability to induce secretion of tumor necrosis factor

The results of this study show that clinical isolates of Mycobacterium avium fall into two categories in terms of their capacity to grow within murine bone marrow-derived macrophage cultures: those that grow progressively and those that are incapable of growing within such cells. Members of the first category were invariably of the smooth-transparent colonial type, while most of the second were of the smooth-doomed type. In addition, this paper shows that although all isolates induced tumor necrosis factor (TNF) secretion by host cells to some extent, this production was always delayed in isolates that subsequently grew well in the host cells. This observation, coupled with the demonstration that the growth of the latter isolates was inhibited by the exogenous addition of TNF, leads us to hypothesize that the ability of a given isolate to somehow avoid host macrophage TNF production early during the course of the infection is a key factor in the pathogenesis of the disease.
NATURAL HISTORY OF BRAIN ARTERIOVENOUS MALFORMATIONS: A LONG‐TERM FOLLOW‐UP STUDY OF RISK OF HEMORRHAGE IN 238 PATIENTS

OBJECTIVELong-term follow-up studies in patients with brain arteriovenous malformations (AVM) have yielded contradictory results regarding both risk factors for rupture and annual rupture rate. We performed a long-term follow-up study in an unselected, consecutive patient population with AVMs admitted to the Department of Neurosurgery at Helsinki University Central Hospital between 1942 and 2005. METHODSPatients with untreated AVMs were followed from admission until death, occurrence of AVM rupture, initiation of treatment, or until the end of 2005. Patients with at least 1 month of follow-up were included in further analysis. Annual and cumulative incidence rates of AVM rupture as well as several potential risk factors for rupture were analyzed using Kaplan-Meier life table analyses and Cox proportional hazards regression models. RESULTSWe identified 238 patients with a mean follow-up period of 13.5 years (range, 1 month–53.1 years). The average annual risk of hemorrhage from AVMs was 2.4%. The risk was highest during the first 5 years after diagnosis, decreasing thereafter. Risk factors predicting subsequent AVM hemorrhage in univariate analysis were young age, previous rupture, deep and infratentorial locations, and exclusively deep venous drainage. Previous rupture, large AVM size, and infratentorial and deep locations were independent risk factors according to multivariate models. CONCLUSIONAccording to this long-term follow-up study, AVMs with previous rupture and large size, as well as with infratentorial and deep locations have the highest risk of subsequent hemorrhage. This risk is highest during the first few years after diagnosis but remains significant for decades.
Influence de l'alimentation durant la période de tarissement sur la composition du lait en début de lactation

Les possibilites d'influencer la composition de la matiere grasse du lait pendant la lactation ont deja fait l'objet de nombreuses etudes. En debut de lactation, une partie des acides gras du lait provient non seulement de la composition de la ration mais egalement des reserves corporelles mobilisees pour compenser le deficit energetique. Dans le but d'etudier les possibilites d'agir sur la matiere grasse du lait en influencant la composition des reserves corporelles, un projet a ete mis en place dont les premiers resultats sont presentes ici. Vingt-huit vaches laitieres du troupeau d'ALP ont ete reparties en deux groupes au moment du tarissement. Jusqu'au velage, les vaches de la variante experimentale (T) ont recu deux kilos par jour d'un aliment contenant 50% de graines de tournesol broyees et celles du groupe de controle (C) un aliment apportant la meme quantite de matiere grasse sous forme de graisse animale. A partir du velage et dans les semaines qui ont suivi, toutes les vaches ont recu une meme ration pauvre en matiere grasse. Les analyses des prelevements de tissu adipeux effectues sous anesthesie locale au tarissement et au velage ont montre que la concentration en acide linoleique durant le tarissement augmentait davantage dans le groupe T (P < 0,05). Au cours des douze premieres semaines de lactation, le niveau d'ingestion, la production laitiere, les teneurs du lait (matiere grasse, proteines, lactose) et les bilans energetiques ne se sont pas differencies entre les deux variantes. La composition en acides gras du lait a ete analysee toutes les deux semaines, de la fin de la premiere semaine a la onzieme semaine de lactation. Tendanciellement, le lait des vaches experimentales T est moins riche en acides gras satures et contient davantage d'acides gras mono-insatures que le lait C en tout debut de lactation (sem. 1 a 3). Il est egalement plus concentre en acides gras polyinsatures, et notamment en acide linoleique C18:2 c9c12, avec des ecarts significatifs dans la premiere semaine uniquement. Les autres acides gras analyses dans le tissu adipeux et la plupart des autres acides gras dans le lait n'ont pas ete significativement influences par les traitements.
An efficient design of 4-bit serial input parallel output/serial output shift register in quantum-dot cellular automata

The VLSI technology that is in place today caters to almost all technology based products but as the need for speed and space increases VLSI technology might not be able to keep up with the demand. There are a lot of alternatives that are being researched on but very few can match VLSI in terms of performance. Technologies such as nanotechnology, photonics, quantum computing look promising in that regard. Quantum-dot Cellular Automata(QCA) is one such technology which possibly can replace VLSI at the same time provides higher processing speed while occupying lesser space. In this paper we propose a design for[1)Serial Input Parallel Output (SlPO)and [1)Serial Input Serial Output (SISO) registers with the help of QCA technology.
Predictive factors in ursodeoxycholic acid‐treated patients with primary biliary Cirrhosis: Role of serum markers of connective tissue

The aim of this study was to define factors predictive of the onset of the terminal phase, defined by hyperbilirubinemia or the occurrence of a severe clinical complication, in patients with primary biliary cirrhosis treated with ursodeoxycholic acid. The 97 primary biliary cirrhosis patients in this study participated in a 2‐yr clinical trial. Four of the 49 patients treated with ursodeoxycholic acid (13 to 15 mg/kg/day) entered the terminal phase of the disease, compared with 9 of the 48 patients assigned to placebo. In addition to clinical, conventional biological and histological parameters, we analyzed three serum markers of connective tissue components‐type III procollagen aminoterminal peptide, hyaluronic acid and laminin. In the ursodeoxycholic acid‐treated group, hyaluronic acid, type III procollagen aminoterminal peptide, bilirubin and splenomegaly were the factors most closely associated with entry into the terminal phase of the disease. In multivariate analysis, after adjustment for age, the hyaluronic acid level was the only predictive factor. In the placebo‐treated group, the bilirubin level, total bile acid level, Mayo score, type III procollagen aminoterminal peptide, hyaluronic acid, splenomegaly and pruritus were associated with aggravation of disease. In multivariate analysis, high bilirubin level, high type III procollagen aminoterminal peptide or hyaluronic acid levels and low prothrombin time independently implied poor prognosis. In conclusion, when patients with primary biliary cirrhosis are treated with ursodeoxycholic acid, bilirubinemia loses, in part, its predictive value. It is replaced by hyaluronic acid and type III procollagen aminoterminal peptide. This suggests that models used in deciding on the need for liver transplantation require adaptation for patients receiving ursodeoxycholic acid. (Hepatology 1994;19:635–640).
Process Capabilities and Value Generation in Alliance Portfolios

This paper develops a multidimensional, process-based conceptualization of alliance portfolio management capability. Arguing that such a capability consists of organizational processes to proactively pursue alliance formation opportunities, engage in relational governance, and coordinate knowledge and strategies across the portfolio, we examine the impact of such a capability on organizational outcomes in the context of formal structure (alliance function) and strategy (portfolio diversity). Using data from 235 firms, we find that these three processes have a positive effect on a firm's alliance portfolio capital, and some of these effects are conditioned by a formal alliance function and diversity of the portfolio. Whereas the ability of proactive formation and relational governance processes to create value is further strengthened in the presence of an alliance function, that of the coordination dimension is weakened. Furthermore, the benefits of relational governance are strengthened for firms with diverse portfolios, whereas the benefits of coordination processes are weakened. We discuss implications of these findings for the alliance and network literature, and in general, for firm heterogeneity. In summary, we find evidence that variance in process-based capabilities to manage alliance portfolios can explain performance heterogeneity among firms.
A Wilkinson-Type Balun Using a Composite Right/Left-Handed Transmission Line

A novel balun being the structure of a Wilkinson power divider is suggested and fabricated. One of the power dividing paths in the suggested balun uses a conventional λ/4 transmission line for -90° phase shifting, and the other path uses a composite right/left-handed -λ/4 transmission line for +90° phase shifting with four series capacitors and three parallel inductors. In addition, the suggested balun uses two 50-Ω resistors and a conventional 50-Ω transmission line of λ/2 electrical length between the two output ports, achieving good isolation and reflection values of two balanced ports. The suggested balun is simulated by the advanced design system simulation program and fabricated on TLX-9 20-mil substrate. The fabricated balun has a very good values of S 11 = -27.46 ㏈, S21 = -3.40 ㏈, and S 31 = -3.28 ㏈, a phase difference of -179.5°, a magnitude difference of 0.12 ㏈, and a delay difference of 0.1 ㎱, with S 22 = -36.28 ㏈, S 33 = -27.19 ㏈, and S 32 = -25.2 ㏈ at 1 ㎓, respectively.
Utility of type I procollagen propeptide assays for assessing abnormalities in metabolic bone diseases

We measured type I procollagen carboxyl‐terminal propeptide (PICP) by a commercial radioimmunoassay and amino‐terminal propeptide (PINP) by an enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) developed in our laboratory in serum from 75 normal women, 10 growing girls, 84 normal men, and 197 patients with various metabolic bone diseases. The molar concentrations of serum PINP were 100‐fold higher than those of PICP, suggesting differences in the metabolism of PICP and PINP. In normal women, serum PICP values correlated positively with age and serum PINP values correlated negatively with age (r = 0.28 and −0.32, respectively; P = 0.02). In normal men, however, PICP correlated negatively with age (r = −0.32, P = 0.003) whereas PINP did not change. As assessed by Z scores (SD from age‐ and sex‐specific predicted normal mean), changes in serum PICP and PINP values were concordant in hypoparathyroidism (mean Z scores for PICP and PINP, −0.63 and −1.48, respectively) and Cushing's syndrome (0.50 and 0.40) but were discordant in acromegaly (0.78 and −0.68), hyperthyroidism (1.33 and −0.66), untreated postmenopausal osteoporosis (‐0.11 and 0.40), fluoride‐treated postmenopausal osteoporosis (‐0.61 and 1.08), Paget's disease (4.05 and −0.20), and chronic renal failure (1.45 and −0.50). With either assay, deviations from normal were less pronounced than the deviations of concurrently measured serum osteocalcin and bone alkaline phosphatase values. The deviations in these latter two values agreed better with those of PICP than with those of PINP, except in untreated or fluoride‐treated osteoporotic patients. We conclude that for assessing abnormalities in bone formation in metabolic bone diseases, assays for serum PICP or PINP generally are inferior to those for serum osteocalcin and bone alkaline phosphatase.
Expression and activity of matrix metalloproteases in human malignant mesothelioma cell lines

The extracellular matrix metalloproteases (MMPs) secreted by various human tumor cells play a crucial role in tumor cell invasion and metastasis, but their expression in malignant mesothelioma (MM) cells has not been examined. In this study, we have investigated the spectrum of MMPs and tissue inhibitors of metalloproteases (TIMPs) produced by 8 MM cell lines. Using RT‐PCR, we found that all investigated MM cell lines expressed genes encoding mRNA for MMP‐1 (interstitial collagenase), MMP‐2 (gelatinase A), MMP‐3 (stromelysin‐1), MMP‐9 (gelatinase B) and TIMPs 1, 2 and 3. We also found that 6/8 MM cell lines expressed MMP‐7 (matrilysin) and 3/8 MM cell lines expressed MMP‐10 (stromelysin‐2). MMP‐11 (stromelysin‐3) was not detected in any of the MM cell lines. Production of MMP‐2 and MMP‐9 was confirmed using gelatin zymography. In addition, all MM cell lines secreted a 66 kDa metalloprotease, while 3/8 MM cell lines secreted 46, 48, 51 and 63 kDa metalloproteases which specifically degraded the extracellular matrix components fibronectin, vitronectin and laminin. The 66 kDa protease was identified as MMP‐3 by Western blot. Our results reveal a broad spectrum of MMPs and TIMPs produced by MM cells and indicate that different substrate specificities of MMPs may play a role in MM cell invasion. © 2001 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Biomimetic MEMS directional microphone structures for multi-band operation

Researchers have developed a variety of micro-electromechinical systems (MEMS) directional microphones inspired by the behavior of the hearing organ of the parasitoid fly Ormia ochracea. Ormia's hearing organ can detect a sound's direction as accurately as the human auditory system despite its small overall size of less than 1mm. This remarkable capability has led to in-depth studies of its mechanics which, in turn, have led to the practical realization of several MEMS based directional acoustic sensors. The majority of earlier designs were limited to one frequency band and have relatively complicated structures for manufacture. A new MEMS microphone design described in this paper expands the simultaneous working frequency bands and reduces the cost of device fabrication without significantly increasing overall dimensions.
Labeling the Semantic Roles of Commas

Commas and the surrounding sentence structure often express relations that are essential to understanding the meaning of the sentence. This paper proposes a set of relations commas participate in, expanding on previous work in this area, and develops a new dataset annotated with this set of labels. We identify features that are important to achieve a good performance on comma labeling and then develop a machine learning method that achieves high accuracy on identifying comma relations, improving over previous work. Finally, we discuss a variety of possible uses, both as syntactic and discourse-oriented features and constraints for downstream tasks.
Multifactorial Regulation of Daily Rhythms in Expression of the Metabolically Responsive Gene Spot14 in the Mouse Liver

Spot14 is a putative transcriptional regulator for genes involved in fatty acid synthesis. The Spot14 gene is activated in response to lipogenic stimuli such as dietary carbohydrate and is also under circadian regulation. The authors investigated factors responsible for daily oscillation of Spot14 expression. If mice were kept under a 12-h light/12-h dark cycle with ad libitum feeding, Spot14 mRNA levels in the liver reached a peak at an early dark period when mice, as nocturnal animals, start feeding. Under fasting, while Spot14 mRNA levels were generally decreased, the rhythmicity was still maintained, suggesting contribution of both nutritional elements and circadian clock factors on robust rhythmicity of Spot14 expression. Effects of circadian clock factors were confirmed by the observations that the circadian rhythm of Spot14 expression was seen also under the constant darkness and that the rhythmicity was lost in Clock mutant mice. When mice were housed in short-photoperiod (6-h light/18-h dark) and long-photoperiod (18-h light/6-h dark) cycles, rhythms of Spot14 mRNA levels were phase advanced and phase delayed, respectively, being concordant with the notion that Spot14 expression is under the control of the light-entrainable oscillator. As for nutritional mediators, in the liver of db/db mice exhibiting hyperinsulinemia-accompanied hyperglycemia, Spot14 mRNA levels were constantly high without apparent rhythmicity, consistent with previous observations for strong activation of the Spot14 gene by glucose and insulin. Restricted feeding during the 4-h mid-light period caused a phase advance of the Spot14 expression rhythm. On the other hand, restricted feeding during the 4-h mid-dark period led to damping of the rhythmicity, apparently resulting from the separation of phases between effects of the light/dark cycle and feeding on Spot14 expression. Thus, the daily rhythm of Spot14 expression in the liver is under the control of the light-entrainable oscillator, food-entrainable oscillator, and food-derived nutrients, in a separate or cooperative manner.
Antipsychotic medication for early-episode schizophrenia.

Long-term treatment with antipsychotic medications in early-episode schizophrenia spectrum disorders is common, but their shortand long-term effects on the illness are unclear. There have been numerous suggestions that people with early episodes of schizophrenia appear to respond differently than those with multiple prior episodes. The number of episodes may moderate response to drug treatment.
TAMable tumor-associated macrophages in response to innate RNA sensing

Antitumor effect of PolyI:C (a viral dsRNA analog) has been attributed to dendritic cell (DC)-maturation activity, that drives antitumor NK cells, DC cross-presentation, cytotoxic T lymphocytes and many IFN-inducible genes. According to a recent paper, tumor-infiltrating M2 macrophages are found to become an additional antitumor effector through polyI:C response.
A Kind of Improved Vector Space Model

Information filtration is a kind of classical application of large-scale network content processing. It carries out filtration operation to successively coming information, remaining those information that meets users’ demands and deleting those information that falls short of users’ demands. Vector space model is one of its common classical models. This thesis made research and improvement on Vector Space Model (VSM), and on this basis put forward to introducing a kind of center space vector to solve the problem of thesaurus. This method has relatively high precision rate and recall rate, and improves the integral capability of the model.
Automatic Concealed Heart Rate Detection from the BCG in Seated Position

Continuous monitoring of health state is important in elder and chronically ill (but otherwise not critical) patients. Ideally, the patient should not be aware of being continuously monitored. This study describes an automatic and non-conscious heart rate monitoring system based on the ballistocardiogram (BCG). The bi-axial BCG can be recorded by two piezoelectric force sensors and high-gain amplifiers. Digital signal pre-processing has been implemented to increase the SNR and an algorithm to automatically detect the heart rate has been evaluated. The high gain required makes the system susceptible to forces other than those related to the cardiovascular system, such as those due to body movements. The sensitivity and positive predictive values obtained are 97.8 % and 98.4 % but if the records where the BCG is masked are discarded, the respective values increase to 99.2 % and 99.5 %. These values are comparable to those typically obtained for the ECG.