Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Comparison of Nutrients' Intakes in Children with and without Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder

ORIGINAL ARTICLE Background: Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is the most common chronic mental disorder among children. Children with ADHD may be at risk for a variety of nutrients' deficiencies. We aimed to assess the nutrients' intakes among ADHD children and compare them with the healthy ones. Methods: This was a hospital-based case-control survey over 120 ADHD as the cases and 240 non-ADHD children as the control participants aged 6-13 years. Usual dietary intakes were assessed using a validated semi quantitative foodfrequency questionnaire (FFQ). The P-values were considered significant if they were < 0·05. Results: Energy: 2812.2 ± 1029.9 kcal/day vs. 3136.4 ± 1360.3 kcal/day, P = 0.001), fat: 78.3 ± 28.8 g/day vs. 87.2 ± 44.9 g/day, P > 0.001), and carbohydrate: 436.8 ± 192.6 g/day vs. 479.9 ± 244.2 g/day, P = 0.009) intakes were significantly lower in ADHD than healthy children. Similarly, consumption of calcium: 968.5 ± 358.3 mg/day vs. 1055.7 ± 453.4 mg/day, P = 0.03) and magnesium: 363.1 ± 173.9 mg/day vs. 411.9 ± 220.8 mg/day, P = 0.01) were significantly lower in the cases than control group. However, intakes of thiamin: 34.4±18.8 mg/day vs. 40.4 ± 25.6 mg/day, P = 0.002), riboflavin: 1.99 ± 0.76 mg/day vs. 2.21 ± 0.95 mg/day, P = 0.01), niacin: 24.9 ± 10.6 mg/day vs. 27.5 ± 13.2 mg/day, P = 0.01), and vitamin B5: 6.85 ± 3.35 mg/day vs. 7.49 ± 3.84 mg/day, P = 0.02) were significantly lower in the case than control group. Conclusion: Children with ADHD consumed significantly lower quantities of energy, macronutrients, calcium, magnesium, B vitamins (B1, B2, B3, B5), and vitamin C compared with the healthy children.
THE INFLUENCE OF SPECIES COMPOSITION ON THE GROWTH OF INDIVIDUAL RED OAKS IN MIXED STANDS IN SOUTHERN NEW-ENGLAND

Research in 40- to 60-year-old even-aged mixed hardwood stands in southern New England suggests a stratified canopy structure by species, with red oak crowns occupying the uppermost canopy stratum. The basal area growth of individual red oak trees with crowns in this uppermost canopy stratum is negatively related to the basal area of neighboring oaks with crowns in the same stratum. The total basal area of neighboring trees with crowns in this stratum has no effect on individual oak growth. Similarly, the basal area of trees in lower strata has no significant effect on the growth of oaks with crowns in the uppermost canopy stratum. Crown width of individual oaks is negatively related to the basal area of neighboring oaks with crowns in the uppermost canopy stratum. Also, both the total foliar biomass per tree and the efficiency of that foliage in producing basal area increment are negatively related to the quantity of surrounding oaks with crowns in the uppermost canopy stratum. These results imply that b.
Factors Affecting Embryo Abortion in Syzygium cuminii (L.) Skeels (Myrtaceae)

The possible causes of low seed set in Syzygium cuminii, a woody tree bearing flowers with many ovules but fruits with single seeds, have been investigated. Pollen grain limitation and lack of fertilization do not completely explain the single seededness of fruits indicating the involvement of postfertilization factors. Developing ovules exhibited a clear pattern during the early fruit growth, and only one of the ovules eventually matured into a seed. Aqueous extracts of developing ovules significantly increased the rate of abortion of the other ovules in vitro, but the extent of abortion caused by aqueous extracts of maternal tissues from fertilized flowers did not differ from the control, implying that the developing ovules may produce a factor that causes the abortion of other ovules. Silver thiosulfate, an ethyleneaction inhibitor, significantly reduces the rate of such developing-ovule-mediated abortion in vitro as well as in vivo This study indicates that abortion in S. cuminii is mediated by chemical(s) produced by the developing embryo, a possible reflection of "sibling rivalry" among developing seeds.
Event-Triggered Optimal Control for Discrete-Time Switched Nonlinear Systems With Constrained Control Input

This article considers the problem of event-triggered optimal control for discrete-time switched nonlinear systems with constrained control input. First, an event-triggered condition is given to make the closed-loop switched system asymptotically stable. Second, a novel method, event-triggered heuristic dynamic programming (ETHDP), is applied to derive the optimal control policy. Two neural networks (NNs) are utilized to approximate the value function and control law, respectively. When the event-triggered condition is violated, the weights of the two NNs are updated, which can decrease the networks calculation and transmission load notably. A proof of the convergence of the ETHDP is also carried out. Finally, the effectiveness of the proposed method is verified by an example.
Some properties of metallothioneins from hepato-pancreas and kidney in carp (Cyprinus carpio).

Carp (Cyprinus carpio) were injected intraperitoneally with 2 mg Cd/kg body weight as CdCl2 solution. Two types of isometallothioneins were separated from carp kidney by successive treatment with homogenization, ultracentrifugation, incubation, centrifugation, gel filtration and ion exchange chromatography. Purity was shown by polyacrylamide DISC-gel electrophoresis. The molecular weight of native metallothionein-I and -II was found to be 12000-13000. The disappearance of Cd-mercaptide bond was estimated under acidic conditions. Cysteic residues were about 30% in kidney isometallothioneins, Gly and Lys were high, but no aromatic amino acids or His residues were detected. In a double diffusion test, spur formation was shown between two hepato-pancreatic isometallothioneins, and also between hepato-pancreatic metallothionein-II and kidney metallothionein-II.
Comparison of Machine Learning Models for Sentimental Analysis of Hotel Reviews

It is widely acknowledged that the enormous boost of Internet technology has greatly changed tourism industry, especially for hotel booking. A plenty of research have addressed that most tourists do decision-making based on online hotel reviews. With the goal of predicting satisfaction of hotel customers precisely and efficiently, in this study ten thousand hotel reviews across US with one to five stars are collected from TripAdvisor, and the performance of a variety of machine learning models, namely Logistic Regression, Naive Bayesian, Decision Tree, Random Forest, Support Vector Machine (SVM) and Neural Network, are compared through two 10-folder-cross-validation experiments. The result indicates that models directly trained on review titles which have only 25.7 byte lengths on average could achieve promising classification accuracies ranging from 84% to 87%, and with review contents and irrelevant word filtering, the SVM model is able to reach maximal predictive accuracy nearly 92%. Furthermore, this paper demonstrates that classical machine learning models, such as SVM and Naive Bayesian, are computationally efficient and perform well in terms of accuracy, recall and precision, while neural network requires careful structure design as well as parameter tuning.
The Role of Temperature in COVID-19 Disease Severity and Transmission Rates

Air temperature and body temperature may influence COVID-19 disease severity and transmission rates. ​In vitro​ data indicate that SARS-CoV-2 loses infectivity at normal core body temperature (37°C); however, small reductions in temperature proximate to 37°C may result in substantially increased viral stability. If these results are representative of viral decay rates ​in vivo​, then cooler temperatures in the body may enable more rapid viral growth. Breathing cool air—even as warm as 25°C—cools upper respiratory tract (URT) surfaces to several degrees below body temperature, and these lower temperatures may make the URT exceptionally conducive to SARS-CoV-2 replication. Increased URT viral load may enable more effective transmission. Additionally, because SARS-CoV-2 infection may frequently begin in the URT before spreading through the body, an increased rate of viral replication in the URT early in the disease course may result in more rapid progression of disease, potentially causing more severe adverse outcomes. Core body temperature may also be a factor in disease severity, as lower core body temperatures may enable more rapid viral growth. The significance of air temperature and body temperature to disease severity and transmission rates may inform preventative measures and post-exposure prophylaxis treatments for COVID-19.
Recent Advances in Hydrophobic and Icephobic Surface Treatments of Concrete

In this review, we present a survey on hydrophobic surface treatments of concrete, important protection tools against deterioration and corrosion phenomena. In the frame of a standardized distinction in coatings, pore blockage, and impregnation methods, we highlight the huge variety of compounds and formulations utilized, and the different performances reached in terms of water contact angle, water absorption, chloride penetration, and, rarely reported, anti-icing/icephobic action. Our view covers the spectrum of the surface treatments, but also makes a comparison with hydrophobic bulk modifications of concrete, procedures often utilized as well; further, novel proposals of more sustainable routes are presented. We note that coating and impregnation, preferably when based on polyurethane and silane/siloxane, respectively, appear more effective against water ingress. The achieved wetting character is hydrophobic or, at most, overhydrophobic. Superhydrophobic coatings for concrete have been obtained by embedding nano-powders in hydrophobic emulsions, allowing to add a nanotexture to the preexisting complex roughness of the material. Concrete treated with this type of coating has also recently shown a pronounced icephobic character, a parameter that goes beyond the freeze–thaw characterization usually conducted on cement-based materials.
Rapid Genetic Decline in a Translocated Population of the Endangered Plant Grevillea scapigera

Abstract: Grevillea scapigera is one of the world's rarest plant species, currently known from only five plants in the wild. In 1995, 10 plants were selected from the 47 plants known at the time to act as genetically representative founders for translocation into secure sites. Ramets were micropropagated and introduced into one of these secure sites (Corrigin) in 1996, 1997, and 1998. By late 1998, 266 plants had been successfully translocated and were producing large numbers of seeds. With the development of an artificial seed‐germination technique and because of an absence of seed germination in situ, seed was collected from these plants and germinated ex situ, and 161 seedlings were returned to the field site in winter 1999. We used the DNA fingerprinting technique of amplified fragment‐length polymorphism (AFLP) to (1) assess the genetic fidelity of the clones through the propagation process, (2) contrast genetic variation and average genetic similarities of the F1s to their parents to assess genetic decline, and (3) assign paternity to the reintroduced seeds to assess the reproductive success of each clone. We found that 8 clones, not 10, were present in the translocated population, 54% of all plants were a single clone, and the F1s were on average 22% more inbred and 20% less heterozygous than their parents, largely because 85% of all seeds were the product of only 4 clones. Ultimately, effective population size ( Ne ) of the founding population was approximately two. Our results highlight the difficulty of maintaining genetic fidelity through a large translocation program. More generally, rapid genetic decline may be a feature of many translocated populations when Ne is small, which may ultimately threaten their long‐term survival. Strategies to reverse this genetic decline include equalizing founder numbers, adding new genotypes when discovered, optimizing genetic structure and plant density to promote multiple siring and reduce kinship, promoting natural seed germination in situ rather than artificially germinating seeds ex situ, and creating a metapopulation of numerous translocated populations to restore historical distribution patterns and processes.
Evaluating the Properties of a Coating Material with Polycaprolactone-Degradable Fluorinated Silicon-Containing Waterborne Polyurethane

This study successfully synthesized fluorinated silicon-containing waterborne polyurethanes (FSWPUs) by using polycaprolactone (PCL) diol, 2,2,3,3-Tetrafluoro-1,4-butanediol, and [3-(2-Aminoethylamino)propyl] trimethoxysilane (AEAPTES ). The FSWPU’s particle size was examined using dynamic light scattering. After the FSWPUs were processed into a dry film, their molecular weight and basic properties were analyzed using gel permeation chromatography (GPC), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS). Additionally, the thermal stability of the FSWPUs was inspected by thermogravimetric analysis and dynamic mechanical analysis. The tensile strength and elongation at the break of the FSWPUs before and after hydrolysis were also analyzed, using a tensile testing machine. Subsequently, FSWPU emulsions were cast between the tiles, and hydrophilicity, hydrophobicity, and surface tension were then measured on a contact-angle measurement instrument. The tensile testing machine was again employed to test the sheer strength of the FSWPUs between the tiles, and a tape test was conducted to analyze their adhesion to the tiles. The results revealed that AEAPTES functional groups can reinforce the thermal stability, tensile strength, and water resistance of FSWPUs. Moreover, the AEAPTES functional groups increased the adhesion of FSWPUs to the tiles and reduced the surface energy of the tiles.
Azimuth Migration-Corrected Phase Gradient Autofocus for Bistatic SAR Polar Format Imaging

A polar format algorithm (PFA) as a high-efficient imaging method is widely used in bistatic spotlight synthetic aperture radar (SAR). In cases where motion error causes great defocusing in PFA images, phase gradient autofocus (PGA) is suitable for motion error compensation due to its robustness. However, a significant coupling of range-azimuth directions in bistatic SAR (BiSAR) makes conventional PGA unapplicable in PFA images. For this limitation, this letter gives the solution to the adaptability of PGA in BiSAR based on the azimuth migration correction in the wavenumber domain. The bistatic motion error is modeled, and the caused phase error is derived and analyzed. Through the wavenumber-domain analysis, the 2-D coupling is indicated still existing after polar format imaging, unlike other algorithms that utilize range cell migration correction (RCMC). Then, a phase compensation for the migration of azimuth direction is proposed to remove the 2-D coupling. Based on this, the new autofocus arithmetic flow for bistatic PFA is designed. The effectiveness of the proposed method is verified by numerical simulations.
Magnetic asymmetry induced anomalous spin-orbit torque in IrMn

We demonstrate an anomalous spin-orbit torque induced by the broken magnetic symmetry in the antiferromagnet IrMn. We study the magnetic structure of three phases of IrMn thin films using neutron diffraction technique. The magnetic mirror symmetry $\mathcal{M}{}^{\ensuremath{'}}$ is broken laterally in both $\mathrm{L}{1}_{0}\text{\ensuremath{-}}\mathrm{IrMn}$ and $\mathrm{L}{1}_{2}\text{\ensuremath{-}}\mathrm{IrM}{\mathrm{n}}_{3}$ but not $\ensuremath{\gamma}\text{\ensuremath{-}}\mathrm{IrM}{\mathrm{n}}_{3}$. We observe an out-of-plane dampinglike spin-orbit torque in both $\mathrm{L}{1}_{0}\text{\ensuremath{-}}\mathrm{IrMn}$/permalloy and $\mathrm{L}{1}_{2}\text{\ensuremath{-}}\mathrm{IrM}{\mathrm{n}}_{3}$/permalloy bilayers but not in $\ensuremath{\gamma}\text{\ensuremath{-}}\mathrm{IrM}{\mathrm{n}}_{3}$/permalloy. This is consistent with both the symmetry analysis on the effects of a broken $\mathcal{M}{}^{\ensuremath{'}}$ on spin-orbit torque and the theoretical predictions of the spin Hall effect and the Rashba-Edelstein effect. In addition, the measured spin-orbit torque efficiencies are 0.61 \ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{} 0.01, 1.01 \ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{} 0.03, and 0.80 \ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{} 0.01 for the $\mathrm{L}{1}_{0},\mathrm{L}{1}_{2}$, and \ensuremath{\gamma} phases, respectively. Our work highlights the critical roles of the magnetic asymmetry in spin-orbit torque generation.
L-Carnitine as a Diet Supplement in Patients With Type II Diabetes

Introduction: L-Carnitine is a very important component of the human body which is involved in cardiac function and generally in the proper functioning of the muscular system. Also, it contributes to the proper use of glucose by the cell, thereby improving the regulation of glucose metabolism of the diabetic patient and preventing complications such as fatigue, insomnia, and mental activity. In this paper we would like to show the therapeutic effect of L-carnitine on type II diabetic patients after 2 g/day oral administration of L-carnitine. Methods: In this study 181 Greek patients, 84 men and 97 women, aged 50-65 years, Type II diabetics, were administered L-carnitine for six months. All of them were euglycemic, under the proposed treatment, with no diabetic complications or cardiovascular problems. They were under the Mediterranean diet trying to keep their body mass index (BMI) constant. They were neither smokers nor alcohol drinkers. They were administered 2 g/day L-carnitine, orally, once daily for six months, on an empty stomach. The blood tests included fasting glucose, glycated hemoglobin (HBA1c), total cholesterol, and triglycerides and they were performed before, three months after, and six months after the treatment initiation. We also evaluated their tiredness, insomnia, and mental activity at these time points; the participants were given forms to fill out (regarding the distance they are able to brisk walk thrice/week, the duration of their calm uninterrupted sleep and their performance in a cognitive screening test, respectively) and based on the results of their answers, they were allocated to graded groups and scale analysis was performed in each one of them. Results: Fasting glucose mean decrease was 17.51 after three months of medication (p<0.05); the decrease though noted after six months was not statistically significant. HbA1c showed a statistically significant mean decrease in both three- and six-month milestones (0.335, p<0.05 and 0.623, p<0.05 respectively). Changes noted in cholesterol levels were not statistically significant. Triglyceride measurements showed a significant decrease; -15.38 after three months (p<0.05) and -31.39 after six months of treatment (p<0.05). Finally, significant changes were found in both time periods for tiredness (three months: -0.49, p<0.05, six months: -0.88, p<0.05), insomnia (three months: -0.49, p<0.05, six months: -0.88, p<0.05), and mental activity (three months: +0.25, p<0.05, six months: +0.89, p<0.05). Conclusion: L-Carnitine could be a valuable dietary supplement in patients with type II diabetes who follow a Mediterranean diet and are under recommended treatment. Research in this field though is at an early stage and more studies should be performed.
STIGMA OF NICOTIANA: ULTRASTRUCTURAL AND BIOCHEMICAL STUDIES'

The aim of the present study has been to elucidate further the cytology of the glandular stigma of Nicotiana tabacum, the mechanism of the secretory process during stigma development and the biochemical composition of the exudate. The stigma consists oftwo distinct zones: a glandular zone formed by the papillae and 2-3 layers of cells (basal cells) immediately below them, and a non-glandular region formed by vacuolated cells which are in continuity with the transmitting tissue. The stigmatic exudate is a complex mixture of different chemical compounds such as proteins, saccharides, fatty acids and phenols. The role of stigma secretion is discussed in relation to pollen activation, recognition and pollen tube growth. THE ANGIOSPERM STIGMA is generally considered a glandular structure whose secretion is important in the pollen-stigma interaction
Symbolic regression metamodel based multi-response optimization of EDM process

Electrical Discharge Machining (EDM) is a popular non-traditional machining process that is widely used due to its ability to machine hard and brittle materials. It does not require a cutting tool and can machine complex geometries easily. However, it suffers from drawbacks like a poor rate of machining and excessive tool wear. In this research, an attempt is made to address these issues by using a metamodel coupled with global optimization approach to predict suitable combinations of input parameters (current, pulse on-time and pulse off-time) that would effectively increase the material removal rate and minimize the tool wear. The metamodels are built by using a novel symbolic regression approach carried out using Genetic Programming (GP). On comparative evaluation against traditional response surface methodology (RSM) metamodels, the GP metamodels show much better and accurate estimation. GP metamodels are then coupled with a genetic algorithm to carry out multiobjective optimization of the EDM process.
Predicting Online Target Hardening Behaviors: An Extension of Routine Activity Theory for Privacy-Enhancing Technologies and Techniques

ABSTRACT Using representative survey data from Canada, the United States, Australia, the United Kingdom, and five European Union member countries (n= 9,011), this paper predicts the use of privacy-enhancing technologies and techniques as a form of individual target hardening behavior. It presents a novel extension of routine activity theory by revisiting the theory from the perspective of Internet users in their efforts to minimize their likelihood of victimization. The results show that perceived concern and exposure to certain motivated offenders leads to target hardening behaviors, such as using two-factor authentication and antivirus software. Encryption communication services, however, were not associated with concern for any combination of motivated offenders. Moreover, perceived deficiencies in governmental but not company guardianship predicted new protective behaviors.
Airbnb: Understanding the Concept, Recognizing the Values

Peer-to-peer (P2P) accommodation into the tourism market through a model of disruptive innovation is going to be very popular in the world. This has been coined as network hospitality led by Airbnb platform which will work as a mediator between the hosts and guests. Trust plays the major role for decision making to buy the shelter. The objective of studying this new area is to understand in better way through the help of secondary sources. Academic research is generally guided by the theories. Therefore, the researcher aimed to know which kind of concepts and models were applied by previous scholars. The study is confined to the Airbnb and Couchsurfing. For this study, the researcher has followed umbrella type of review research which will shed light on the knowledge of peer-to-peer accommodation and sharing economy.