Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Intrinsic Exercise Capacity and Mitochondrial DNA Lead to Opposing Vascular-Associated Risks

Abstract Exercise capacity is a strong predictor of all-cause morbidity and mortality in humans. However, the associated hemodynamic traits that link this valuable indicator to its subsequent disease risks are numerable. Additionally, exercise capacity has a substantial heritable component and genome-wide screening indicates a vast amount of nuclear and mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) markers are significantly associated with traits of physical performance. A long-term selection experiment in rats confirms a divide for cardiovascular risks between low- and high-capacity runners (LCR and HCR, respectively), equipping us with a preclinical animal model to uncover new mechanisms. Here, we evaluated the LCR and HCR rat model system for differences in vascular function at the arterial resistance level. Consistent with the known divide between health and disease, we observed that LCR rats present with resistance artery and perivascular adipose tissue dysfunction compared to HCR rats that mimic qualities important for health, including improved vascular relaxation. Uniquely, we show by generating conplastic strains, which LCR males with mtDNA of female HCR (LCR-mtHCR/Tol) present with improved vascular function. Conversely, HCR-mtLCR/Tol rats displayed indices for cardiac dysfunction. The outcome of this study suggests that the interplay between the nuclear genome and the maternally inherited mitochondrial genome with high intrinsic exercise capacity is a significant factor for improved vascular physiology, and animal models developed on an interaction between nuclear and mtDNA are valuable new tools for probing vascular risk factors in the offspring.
Polymerization of acenaphthylene by iodine in a D. C. field

The polymerization of acenaphthylene initiated by iodine at 30°C in ethylene dichloride solution has been investigated in a D.C. Field. The experiments were carried out in special polymerization devices which allowed us to work with electric field strengths ranging from 0.33 to 1.5 Kv/cm and to follow at the same time the reaction kinetics by dilatometry. The general features of this polymerization are analogous to those of the polymerization of styrene initiated by iodine (S-shaped time-conversion curves, cocatalysis by hydrogen iodide). For the lower values (0.33 to 0.5 Kv/cm) of field strength no effect was found either on the rate of polymerization or on the molecular weight of the polymers obtained; for higher field strengths only a slight decrease in the rate of polymerization was observed. At the end of the polymerizations electrolysis of the hydrogen iodide formed by a termination process takes place. The results obtained seem to confirm that the polymerization of acenaphthylene by iodine, as that of styrene, is pseudocationic. The reaction mechanism is discussed in details. Es wurde die Polymerisation von Acenaphthylen in Gegenwart von Jod und Athylendichlorid bei 30°C in einem elektrischen Gleichstromfeld durchgefuhrt. Polymerisationsversuche wurden in Apparaten ausgefuhrt, die mit Platinelektroden und Dilatometer versehen waren und die es ermoglichten, mit Feldstarken von 0,33 bis zu 1,5 Kv/cm zu arbeiten und den Umsatz gleichzeitig zu messen. Die Charakteristika dieser Polymerisation sind analog zu denen der mit Jod initiierten Styrolpolymerisation (S-formige Zeit-Umsatz-Kurven; Cokatalyse durch Jodwasserstoff). Bei kleinen Feldstarken (0,33 bis zu 0,5 Kv/cm) fanden wir keine Wirkung des Feldes auf die Polymerisationsgeschwindigkeit und auf den Polymerisationsgrad; bei hoheren Feldstarken wurde die Polymerisationsgeschwindigkeit leicht verringert. Am Ende der Polymerisation tritt Elektrolyse des in einer Abbruchsreaktion gebildeten Jodwasserstoffs ein. Unsere Ergebnisse zeigen, das die Polymerisation des Acenaphthylens durch Jod, wie die des Styrols, hochstwahrscheinlich eine pseudokationische Polymerisation ist. Der Mechanismus der Reaktion wird hier eingehend diskutiert.
Structural investigations of high knowledge content materials

The structure of the two photorefractive materials Sodiumnitroprusside (Na2[Fe(CN)5NO]·2H2O, SNP) and Strontiumbariumniobate (Sr0.61Ba0.39Nb2O6, SBN) is studied by means of single-crystal neutron diffraction, optical absorption spectroscopy, and susceptibility measurements. The two materials are interesting for applications in the context of holographic data storage. In SNP two metastable electronic states (SI and SII) can be excited by irradiation with light below characteristic decay temperatures of 200 K and 140 K, respectively. About 50% of the [Fe(CN)5NO] anions can be transferred into SI with a light polarization perpendicular to the quasi four-fold axis N-C-Fe-N-O using a wavelength of 440 nm-470 nm. Relaxation into the ground state (GS) takes place either by irradiation with light in the spectral range of 600 nm-1200 nm or by thermal heating above the decay temperatures. On the other hand illumination with light in the region of 900 nm-1200 nm transfers about 35% of the anions into SII and the rest into the ground state. The key question to be answered is the nature of the metastable states. Currently there are two models to describe the structure of the excited states. The first model, based on density functional theory (DFT), is claiming an isonitrosyl configuration for SI (inversion of the nitrosyl-ligand from Fe-NO to Fe-ON) and a side-on (η2) configuration for SII, while the second model uses a harmonic potential to describe a NO relaxation. The electronic orbital level diagrams of the ground state and the two excited states SI and SII are established from optical absorption measurements. The experimental results are compared to the DFT-calculations of the orbital level diagrams, which are based on the isonitrosyl and side-on configuration of the metastable states. The agreement between experiment and calculation is excellent for the ground state, whereas for the metastable state SI distinct differences show up, which do not allow an unambiguous assignment of the observed transitions to the calculated orbital level scheme. For the metastable state SII a reasonable agreement between the observed and the calculated level schemes is obtained. The neutron diffraction experiments on the metastable excited state SI of SNP do not support the model proposing an isonitrosyl configuration of the nitrosyl ion, whereas x-ray experiments agree with both models. Based on the structural refinement of the neutron data it is proposed that a small but significant change in the Fe-N bond length (≈ 0.05 Å) and in the C-Fe-N angle (≈ 3.5◦) are the only rearrangements in the structure connected with the excitation of the metastable state SI. This result is consistently found for two data sets with different populations (22% and 44%) of the metastable state SI. SBN belongs to the class of oxygen octahedral ferroelectrics possessing tetragonal
A Study on Haematological Profile in Clinically Suspected Cases of Neonatal Sepsis

The present study was a two year observational study of haematological profile in clinically suspected cases of neonatal sepsis. Study analyzed the haematological findings according to Rodwell’s haematological scoring system in neonates clinically suspicious of having sepsis. It included 108 neonates admitted in NICU of our hospital during the study period of June 2015 to May 2017. According to clinical findings, Rodwell’s hematological score and blood culture positivity 108 neonates were divided into three groups; proven sepsis, probable sepsis and no sepsis. Study show that Rodwell’s haematological scoring system is a simple, quick, cost effective tool which can be used as screening test for early diagnosis of neonatal sepsis.
Low-Level Cyclo-Sarin (GF) Vapor Exposure in the Gottingen Minipig: Effect of Exposure Concentration and Duration on Pupil Size

Abstract : One of the goals of this study was to determine the lowest sarin (GB) vapor concentration of physiological significance. During the whole body exposure to GB vapor of a living species, the first noticeable effect is constriction of the pupil (miosis). The Gottingen minipig was chosen as a model for studying the effects of GB vapor because of the anatomical and physiological similarities between humans and minipigs. The minipigs were secured in a sling during exposure and their pupil size was continuously monitored under dim-light conditions using an infrared light-sensitive video camera. High-resolution images of the eye were collected before, during, and after each exposure. The pupil area was then quantified using a custom-designed software package. Ordinal regression was used to fit various response models to the data. The effective concentrations resulting in miosis in 50% (EC (sub 50)) of the exposed subjects were determined for 3 exposure-durations (10, 60, and 180 minutes). The median effective dose (ECT (sub 50)) associated with miosis was not constant over time. The value of the toxic load exponent was essentially independent of the model used: 1.32 +/- 0.18 (95% confidence interval of 1.14 to 1.50). Since this interval did not overlap one, Haber's rule was found to be an inappropriate time dependence model for this data set.
Rate of Second Primary Head and Neck Cancer With Cannabis Use

Objective To determine whether there is an association between cannabis use and developing a second primary cancer in head and neck cancer patients, as well as determining the prevalence of cannabis use amongst head and neck cancer patients. Study design This retrospective cohort study investigated patients from the Hamilton Region Head and Neck Cancer Database who were enrolled prospectively between 2011 and 2015, with follow-up data up to November 2018. Patients were contacted to confirm current cannabis and tobacco smoking status. Setting All patients were enrolled from a single tertiary cancer center in Hamilton, Ontario. Subjects and methods Consecutive patients with a newly diagnosed head and neck cancer were prospectively enrolled between 2011 to 2015. Cannabis users and controls were compared using standard modes of comparison. The odds ratio from a multivariable logistic regression model was then determined. Results A total of 513 patients were included in this study: 59 in the cannabis group and 454 in the control group. In terms of baseline characteristics, there was no significant difference between cannabis users and controls except that cannabis users were more likely to develop primary oropharyngeal cancer (p=0.0046). Two of 59 (3.4%) cannabis users developed a second primary cancer, in comparison to 23 of 454 (5.1%) non-cannabis users. The odds ratio for cannabis use on the second primary cancer was 0.19 (95% CI [0.01-3.20], p=0.25). Conclusion This study suggests that cannabis use behaves differently than tobacco smoking, as the former may not be associated with field cancerization.
Phasing possibilities using different wavelengths with a xenon derivative

Xenon derivatives are generally expected to be isomorphous with the native; however, the K- and L-absorption edges are not easily accessible on most synchrotron beamlines, which might limit their usefulness in phase determination. Various phasing procedures for xenon-derivatized porcine pancreatic elastase have been investigated using data sets measured at three generally accessible wavelengths. The importance of highly redundant data in measuring precise anomalous differences is highlighted and it is shown that, after such measurements, a single isomorphous replacement anomalous scattering (SIRAS) procedure yields a better phase set than those generated by single anomalous scattering (SAS) or multiwavelength anomalous diffraction (MAD) procedures.
Does a firm have to be socially responsible to become a target in cross-border M&As: evidence from China

ABSTRACT Based on data from Chinese-listed firms from 2008 to 2016, we explore the impact of corporate social responsibility (CSR) on the likelihood of becoming a target in cross-border mergers and acquisitions (M&As). We find that CSR performance is positively associated with the firm’s likelihood of becoming a target in cross-border M&As, but this effect is significant only in higher competitive markets and for non-state-owned enterprises. Moreover, only high-quality CSR disclosure can improve the likelihood of becoming a M&A target. Therefore, the governments in emerging markets should guide listed companies to disclose high-quality CSR reports and propel the process of marketization.
Self-Organized Model Fitting Method for Railway Structures Monitoring Using LiDAR Point Cloud

Mobile laser scanning (MLS) has been successfully used for infrastructure monitoring apt to its fine accuracy and higher point density, which is favorable for object reconstruction. The massive data size, computational time, wider spatial distribution and feature extraction become a challenging task for 3D point data processing with MLS point cloud receives from terrestrial structures such as buildings, roads and railway tracks. In this paper, we propose a new approach to detect the structures in-line with railway track geometry such as railway crossings, turnouts and quantitatively estimate their dimensions and spatial location by iteratively applying a vertical slice to point cloud data for long distance laser measurement. The rectangular vertical slices were defined and their boundary coordinates were estimated based on a geometrical method. Estimated vertical slice boundaries were iteratively used to evaluate the point density of each vertical slice along with a cross-track direction of the railway line. Those point densities were further analyzed to detect the railway line track objects by their shape and spatial location along with the rail bed. Herein, the survey dataset is used as a dictionary to preidentify the spatial location of the object and then as an accurate estimation for the rail-track, by estimating the gauge corner (GC) from dense point cloud. The proposed method has shown a significant improvement in the rail-track extraction process, which becomes a challenge for existing remote sensing technologies. This adaptive object detection method can be used to identify the railway track structures prior to the railway track extraction, which allows in finding the GC position precisely. Further, it is based on the parallelism of the railway track, which is distinct from conventional railway track extraction methods. Therefore it does not require any inertial measurements along with the MLS survey and can be applied with less background information of the observed MLS point cloud. The proposed algorithm was tested for the MLS data set acquired during the pilot project collaborated with West Japan Railway Company. The results indicate 100% accuracy for railway structure detection and enhance the GC extraction for railway structure monitoring.
Effect of General and Spinal Anaesthesia on Pulmonary Function Tests in Geriatric Patients

Bulgular: Birinci saniye zorlu ekspiratuvar volüm (FEV1), zorlu vital kapasite (FVC), birinci saniye zorlu ekspiratuvar volümün (FEV1’in FVC’ye) zorlu vital kapasiteye oranı (FEV1/FVC, Tiffeneau oranı) zorlu ekspirasyon ortası akım hızı (FEF25-75), tepe akım hızı, zorlu ekspiryum zamanı değerlerinde gruplar arasında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı farklılık saptanmadı (p>0,05). Bununla birlikte genel anestezi ve spinal anestezi uygulanan hastalar grup içi değerlendirildiğinde her iki grupta da FEV1 ve FVC değerlerinde preoperatif döneme göre postoperatif spirometrik ölçümlerde istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bir azalma gözlendi (p<0,05).
Zur temporalen Entfaltung und multimodalen Orchestrierung von konzeptuellen Räumen am Beispiel einer Erzählung

The study presented in this article investigates the temporal unfolding and multimodal orchestration of meaning in a narration. Two aspects are focused on. First, the temporal and multimodal orchestration of conceptual spaces in the entire narrative is described. Five conceptual spaces were identified which were construed by multiple visual-kinesic modalities and speech. Moreover, the study showed that the conceptual spaces are often created simultaneously, which, however, does not lead to communication problems due to the media properties of the modalities involved (see also Schmitt 2005). The second part of the analysis zoomed in onto the phase of the narrative climax in which the multimodal production of the narrative space with role shift dominated. By applying a timeline-annotation procedure for gestures (Müller/Ladewig 2013) a temporally unfolding salience structure (Müller/Tag 2010) could be reconstructed which highlights certain semantic aspects in the creation and flow of multimodal meaning. Thus, specific information “necessary” to understand the climax of the narration was foregrounded and made prominent for a co-participant. By focusing methodically and theoretically on the temporal structure and the interplay of different modalities, the paper offers a further contribution to the current discussion about temporality, dynamics and multimodality of language (Deppermann/Günthner 2015; Müller 2008b).
Psychiatric epidemiology, conceptualisation of mental disorders and psychopathologisation: A critical analysis

Abstract For several decades now, there has been a strong interest in quantifying the magnitude of mental health problems in the general population. In spite of the growing methodological sophistication of investigations, there remain conceptual issues. The aim of this article is to critically analyse both the community prevalence studies of mental disorders and the way in which some of their findings are highlighted and disseminated. The article states that the “cases” identification criteria used in the studies favour a psychopathologising view of human problems. The need for a different conceptual framework for community prevalence studies is suggested.
Changes in phytoplankton composition of the Golden Horn Estuary (Sea of Marmara) following remediation

Abstract Changes in phytoplankton composition of the Golden Horn Estuary were investigated following remediation, through seawater transfer from the Strait of Istanbul to the estuary. Average values of Secchi depth, salinity and dissolved oxygen increased during this study when compared with a previous study. The average number of species (S) and species diversity (H′) increased and they correlated positively with Secchi depth, salinity and dissolved oxygen. There was a similar phytoplankton group composition between this and a previous study, however, the species composition differed. A total of 127 taxa consisting of diatoms (66 taxa), dinoflagellates (49 taxa) and others (12 taxa) were identified. Abundance of dinoflagellates and phytoflagellates and their relative contribution to the total phytoplankton abundance increased during this study, however, the abundance of diatoms and their relative contribution decreased notably, as compared with the previous study. There was a significant positive correlation between salinity and dinoflagellates and phytoflagellates (P < 0.01), and also between Secchi depth and dinoflagellates (P < 0.01) in the upper estuary. Additionally, salinity and Secchi depth correlated positively with species diversity (H′) and number of species (S) (P < 0.01). The increase in water transparency probably contributed to the increase in abundance of dinoflagellates and phytoflagellates. The results revealed that water transparency was one of the most important factors affecting phytoplankton composition in the study area. Changes in some environmental conditions following seawater transfer appear to have changed phytoplankton composition. As a result, phytoplankton species were confirmed as a very good indicator of changed environmental conditions.
Corporate Governance Compliance in Banking Industry: The Role of the Board

This study seeks to supply empirical evidence for how board characteristics influence corporate governance compliance in the Indonesian banking industry. Corporate governance compliance level represents a company’s actions to fulfill regulatory obligations that aim to protect the public from potential investment losses in the banking industry. This research was conducted by analyzing the influence of board characteristics, specifically how a board of commissioners’ institutions and their instruments affect corporate governance compliance. The entire banking industry, which was listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange from 2010 to 2015, was employed as the population for this research. Purposive sampling was used as the sampling technique, resulting in 195 observations. To test this study’s hypotheses, multiple regression was applied as the data analysis method. The results revealed that the size of the board of commissioners, the proportion of independent commissioners, the experience of commissioners, and the size of the audit committee were factors that encouraged management in the banking industry to improve their firms’ corporate governance compliance. This indicates that monitoring from the board acts as an effective mechanism for reducing information asymmetry. This research also proves that open innovation following regulations can increase compliance with laws.
An HDP-HMM based approach for tool wear estimation and tool life prediction

Abstract Tool wear estimation and prediction are keys of maintenance decision-making for milling machine. Various discrete-state degradation models have been developed for tool wear estimation and prediction. However, previous research assume that the number of discrete wear states is fixed based on prior understanding of tool degradation process. To break this limitation, a data-driven approach based on Hierarchical Dirichlet process-Hidden Markov model (HDP-HMM) is proposed. The number of states, transition probability matrix and omission probability distribution of hidden Markov model (HMM) can be automatically updated using observation data through a hierarchical Dirichlet process (HDP). Compared with weighted HMM and Conventional HMM, experiments on real data from high-speed CNC milling machine cutters demonstrates that the proposed approach yielded greater accuracy on tool wear estimation and kept a high reliability in tool life prediction.
Differences Between ICESat and CryoSat‐2 Sea Ice Thicknesses Over the Arctic: Consequences for Analyzing the Ice Volume Trend

Two sources of readily available and non‐overlapping space‐borne data on sea ice thickness over the Arctic (i.e., Ice, Cloud, and land Elevation Satellite [ICESat] and CryoSat‐2 [CS2]) were compared using overlapping thermal microwave radiometer data to examine their respective differences. As a bridge connecting these two data sets, data on the vertically polarized emissivity difference between 10.65 and 18.7 GHz derived from the Advanced Microwave Sounding Radiometer were related to ICESat and CS2 thickness values via regression. The results indicate that there are substantial and systematic differences in the ice thickness between these two data sets over the Arctic; ICESat ice thickness was systematically lower than that of CS2 by ~50 cm, compared to ice thickness from Operation IceBridge and upper looking sonar data. The CS2 thickness observed later than that of ICESat was found to be thicker, contradicting the thinning expected under global warming conditions. Correcting for the 50‐cm difference between ICESat or CS2 data revealed trends in ice volume that are consistent with the expected and modeled declines in the Pan‐Arctic Ice‐Ocean Modeling and Assimilation System data, further corroborating the 50 cm of relative bias observed between the two data sets.