Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
α-Alkylation of ketimines using visible light photoredox catalysis

A novel α-alkylation of N-diphenylphosphinoyl ketimines with α-bromocarbonyl compounds has been accomplished using visible light photoredox catalysis. The reaction proceeds under remarkably mild conditions: at 35 °C, in 20 hours, under blue light irradiation (1 W), in the presence of a tertiary amine and catalytic amounts of Ru- and Ni-based complexes. Chemoselective transformation of the products provides access to 1,4-dicarbonyl compounds, protected GABA analogues and γ-lactams.
Choosing Art Therapy as a Career

Literature has indicated that there are many factors involved in career selection, including personality, family background, gender, cultural background, and values. This study was designed to investigate commonalties of individuals who pursued art therapy as a career. A questionnaire randomly distributed to 500 credentialed professional members of the American Art Therapy Association resulted in a 62% response rate. A majority of the respondents were Caucasian females around the age of 53 and most had become interested in the field of art therapy through a friend, by taking an academic class, or by talking with art therapists. It was also noted that art therapists tended to be listeners who had strong interpersonal skills and a desire to help others. The statistically significant results should be useful to career counselors and art therapy educators.
Crustal block kinematics and seismic potential of the northernmost Philippine Sea plate and Izu microplate, central Japan, inferred from GPS and leveling data

[1] We clarify the contemporary deformation observed by GPS and leveling for the greater Tokyo (Kanto, eastern Tokai, and the Izu islands) region, where the Izu-Ogasawara (Bonin) arc is subducting and colliding with the central part of the Japan arc. From these data, we develop a kinematic model of fault sources with variable components of seismic and aseismic slip. Under the assumption that the contemporary deformation during 1995–2000 is representative of the long-term interseismic strain field, the geodetic data are inverted to estimate the rotation poles of the crustal blocks, the degree of elastic strain accumulation on faults, and the volumetric inflation sources beneath volcanoes. The present crustal movements are explained by four crustal blocks: the Izu microplate, the central Japan block, the Pacific plate, and the Philippine Sea plate. Along the Suruga and Sagami margins of the Philippine Sea plate lie strongly coupled faults, which include sites of the 1854 M = 8.4 Tokai, 1923 M = 7.9 Kanto, and 1703 M ∼ 8.2 Genroku Kanto earthquakes. In contrast, the Philippine Sea plate boundary immediately north of the Izu peninsula, site of M ≤ 7.5 collisional earthquakes, is only weakly coupled. The boundary between the Izu microplate and the Philippine Sea plate experiences left-lateral motion with the rate of ∼30 mm/yr. Most of this boundary is locked and thus has a large potential of future earthquakes. The Izu microplate is found to rotate rapidly clockwise at 10°/Myr, with a rotation pole relative to the central Japan block located just north of its northern boundary. The pole and angular velocity of the Izu microplate depends, however, on the assumed location of the boundary. With the exception of the site of the 1938 M ≥ 7 earthquake swarm, which we infer has the current potential to produce a M ∼ 8.1 earthquake, the Pacific megathrust has a very low seismic potential, although the geodetic data have little resolving power for much of the Pacific plate interface east of Tokyo.
IMPACT OF APOE 2 ALLELE ON LIPID PROFILE CHANGE AFTER A WEIGHT LOSS PROGRAM EXERCISE

Blanca Romero-Moraleda. Department of Physical Activity and Sport Sciences. Faculty of Health Sciences. Universidad Camilo José Cela. C/ Castillo de Alarcón, 49. Urb. Villafranca del Castillo. 28692 Villanueva de la Cañada, Madrid. Spain e-mail: bromero@ucjc.edu Romero-Moraleda B, Cupeiro R, González-Lamuño D, Amigo T, Szendrei B, Rojo-Tirado MA, Calderón FJ, Peinado AB. Impact of APOE2 allele on lipid profile change after a weight loss program. Nutr Hosp 2018;35:305-311
PLUTO’S ATMOSPHERE FROM THE 2015 JUNE 29 GROUND-BASED STELLAR OCCULTATION AT THE TIME OF THE NEW HORIZONS FLYBY

We present results from a multi-chord Pluto stellar occultation observed on 2015 June 29 from New Zealand and Australia. This occurred only two weeks before the NASA New Horizons flyby of the Pluto system and serves as a useful comparison between ground-based and space results. We find that Pluto's atmosphere is still expanding, with a significant pressure increase of 5 ± 2% since 2013 and a factor of almost three since 1988. This trend rules out, as of today, an atmospheric collapse associated with Pluto's recession from the Sun. A central flash, a rare occurrence, was observed from several sites in New Zealand. The flash shape and amplitude are compatible with a spherical and transparent atmospheric layer of roughly 3 km in thickness whose base lies at about 4 km above Pluto's surface, and where an average thermal gradient of about 5 K km−1 prevails. We discuss the possibility that small departures between the observed and modeled flash are caused by local topographic features (mountains) along Pluto's limb that block the stellar light. Finally, using two possible temperature profiles, and extrapolating our pressure profile from our deepest accessible level down to the surface, we obtain a possible range of 11.9–13.7 μbar for the surface pressure.
The Commercial Profitability of Growing Hybrid Eucalyptus Clones in The Coast Province , ekuta ugustino , azane

Due to the current high demand for timber, fuelwood and building poles and the realization that tree growing may pay dividends in the short and long term, many farmers are planting trees on their farms. Farmers are increasingly planting eucalyptus partly due to the fast growth rates of the hybrid clones as well as the opportunity to earn money within a short time. In this paper we report on the profitability of growing eucalyptus hybrid clones in the coastal region, Kenya. Tree growth and cost data was sourced from farmers in Malindi, Kilifi, and Msambweni. Market information was sourced from hardwares in North and South Coast while tree growth models were used to provide average tree sizes at various ages. Results showed that a farmer could make a net income of upto Kshs.500,000.00 (USD6,250) in 5 years. Farmers in the South Coast (Kwale and Msambweni) spent more on transport than their counterparts in the North Coast (near Gede-KEFRI). This, added to the fact that trees in the South Coast (Msambweni) grew less compared to those in North Coast meant that farmers in the south made less profits.
A high-temperature X-ray study of the equilibrium forms of albite

Summary Complete lattice parameters have been determined at a series of temperatures up to 950 °C using a furnace on a powder diffractometer for six synthetic supposed equilibrium albites, a nonequilibrium albite, two natural albites, and a heat-treated natural albite. The supposed equilibrium albites were prepared hydrothermally by MacKenzie (1957) for long periods of time and reached or nearly reached a state of no further change at their temperatures of synthesis between 500 and 1000 °C. A crystal of natural albite and three crystals of heat-treated natural albite were studied by high-temperature, single-crystal methods on a Buerger precession camera up to 1000 °C for comparison. The lattice angles for each albite decrease smoothly with increasing temperature; the a-axis and the volume increase smoothly with increasing temperature. The rates of change increase with increasing temperature. The c and in some cases the b-axes appear to decrease initially in the range 25–300 °C and then subsequently increase. The thermal dilatation is highly anisotropic—the change in a is about twice that in b and about six times that in c over the whole range 25–850 °C. The effect of a temperature rise on the lattice parameters of the albites is very similar to the effect of the substitution of potassium on the room-temperature parameters. Plots of α* against γ* for each albite at a sequence of temperatures up to 950 °C fall on nearly straight parallel lines, all albites becoming less oblique (triclinic) with increasing temperature. Of the equilibrium albites, only the one synthesized at 1000°C becomes monoclinic below the melting point. The ratio d 010/d 001 or c*/b* is a measure of order in the albites and does not vary with temperature. The similar behaviours of this ratio and of other lattice parameters as a function of the temperature of synthesis confirms the two-step ordering process in albite.
Impact of particle size reduction on feed cost and feed efficiency 1

O. J. Rojas and H. H. Stein Department of Animal Sciences, University of Illinois, 1207 W Gregory Drive, Urbana, IL 61801 USA; Email: hstein@illinois.edu Financial support for this research was provided by the National Pork Board (Des Moines, IA). Appreciation is also extended to Pioneer Hi-Bred (Johnston, IA) for donation of the corn grain used in these experiments and for grinding the grain to the specified particle sizes.
Optimal Placing of Wind Turbines: Modelling the Uncertainty

When looking at the optimal place to locate a wind turbine, trade-offs have to be made between local placement and spreading: transmission loss favours local placements and the correlation between the stochastic productions of wind turbines favours spreading. In this paper steps are described to determine the locations of new wind mills that minimize energy loss on the High Voltage power grid. A vindication of the used power grid model is provided, the simulation procedure for stochastic wind power is described and the required mathematical optimization models are described as well as implemented. Results are shown and their relation to real life problems is discussed. The analysis leads to the observation that in reality the entire Dutch coast is popular to locate wind turbines but the only region where this leads to actual reduction of the losses is the North (Groningen and Friesland). Next to this, at the current share of wind energy in the total network load, a spreading strategy to reduce variance of total wind power production does not seem advisable. At higher penetration (30% or more) spreading will become important.
REQUESTING PREFERENCES OF TURKISH EFL LEARNERS : AGE , GENDER , AND PROFICIENCY LEVEL Arş

The present study examined Turkish EFL learners’ awareness of indirectness as a politeness strategy, and to what degree they considered or would consider the principles of ‘power’, ‘social distance’, and ‘size of imposition’ while performing their requests under various situations and conditions. The study aimed at revealing whether gender, age, and linguistic proficiency level affected the pragmatic competence of the learners. The participants were 35 High School students in Bursa, Turkey, and 14 native speakers of English from Britain and the USA. The data were collected by the help of a 15-item multiple-choice questionnaire which was prepared by the researcher. Direct, indirect, and non-conventional indirect requesting tendencies were tested. Results revealed that the strategies preferred by Turkish EFL learners are affected by linguistic proficiency level, age, and gender. It was observed that female students preferred mostly indirect requesting utterances, Bu makale Crosscheck sistemi tarafından taranmış ve bu sistem sonuçlarına göre orijinal bir makale olduğu tespit edilmiştir.
Performance of healthy adult subjects in Glittre ADL-test

La prueba AVD-Glittre (PGlittre), validada para evaluar la capacidad funcional de sujetos con enfermedad pulmonar obstructiva cronica, tiene como resultado el menor tiempo dedicado para completarla. Hasta el presente, poco se conoce sobre este tiempo en el rendimiento de sujetos sanos. Para eso, el objectivo fue evaluar el tiempo total de realizacion de la PGlittre en una muestra de sujetos adultos sanos, el tiempo minimo de ejecucion de la prueba, asi como su reproductibilidad en la poblacion. Los sujetos se sometieron a la espirometria pre y pos broncodilatador, a la evaluacion antropometrica, al Cuestionario Internacional de Actividad Fisica y a dos PGlittre. Se han evaluados 35 sujetos (15 varones) de 29±6 anos, con capacidad vital forzada (CVF) de 96±10,6%, volumen espiratorio forzado en el primer segundo (VEF1) de 97,6±9,26%, en % del previsto, y VEF1/ CVF de 0,86±0,05; altura de 1,72±0,11m; peso de 72,3±12,8kg e indice de masa corporal de 24,5±3,62kg/m2, en el que el 74,3% y 25,7% tenian bajo y moderado nivel de actividad fisica, respectivos. La media de tiempo en la prueba con mejor rendimiento fue de 2,62±0,34min. No se ha encontrado diferencias en la ejecucion entre el rango de edad (p>0,05). Ha ocurrido una reduccion, en media, de 6,3±5,8% en el tiempo entre la PGlittre1 y PGlittre2, pero esa diferencia no ha sido significante estadisticamente (p>0,05). Se ha encontrado un coeficiente de correlacion interclase de 0,88 (p<0,05) entre los tiempos de la PGlittre1 y PGlittre2. Los resultados mostraron que, en una muestra de adultos jovenes sanos, el tiempo minimo y la media para completar la prueba fueron de 2,62min y 2,03min, respectivamente, y que esto es reproductible en estos sujetos.
Stabilization-Preserving Atomicity Re nement ( Full Version )

Program re nements from an abstract to a concrete model empower designers to reason e ectively in the abstract and architects to implement e ectively in the concrete. For re nements to be useful, they must not only preserve functionality properties but also dependability properties. In this paper, we focus our attention on re nements that preserve the property of stabilization. We distinguish between two types of stabilization-preserving re nements | atomicity re nement and semantics re nement | and study the former. Speci cally, we present a stabilization-preserving atomicity re nement from a model where a process can atomically access the state of all its neighbors and update its own state, to a model where a process can only atomically access the state of any one of its neighbors or atomically update its own state. (Of course, correctness properties, including termination and fairness, are also preserved.) Our re nement is based on a low-atomicity, bounded-space, stabilizing solution to the dining philosophers problem. It is readily extended to: (a) solve stabilization-preserving semantics re nement, (b) solve the drinking philosophers problem, and (c) allow further re nement into a message-passing model.
High milk production decreases cow-calf productivity within a highly available feed resource environment

Abstract The beef cattle industry tends to focus on selecting production traits with the purpose of maximizing cow-calf performance. One such trait is milking ability, which is considered the primary influence on weaning weight of the calf. Therefore, the objective of this study was to determine the effect of actual milk yield on reproductive performance, circulating blood metabolites, and calf performance in beef cows in the Southeastern US. Over a 2 yr period, data were collected from 237, 3- to 9-yr-old Angus-sired beef cows on 3 research stations in Tennessee. On approximately d 58 and 129 postpartum, 24-hr milk production was measured with a modified weigh-suckle-weigh technique using a milking machine. Subsamples of milk were collected for analysis of milk components. Milk yield data were used to retrospectively classify cows on actual milk yield as High ( ≥ 10 kg/d), Mod (8 to 9 kg/d), or Low ( < 8 kg/d). Cow body weight (BW) and body condition score (BCS) were collected weekly at each location through breeding. Calf BW was recorded at birth, mid-weight at d 58, and weaning. At d 58 and 129 of postpartum, milk yields were different (P < 0.001) among the treatment groups. Cow BW during the entire study were not different (P ≥ 0.22) with increasing milk yield. Timed-AI pregnancy rate were the lowest (P = 0.02) in the High milk producing cows with no difference (P > 0.05) between Low and Mod milk cows. In addition, overall pregnancy rate continued to be the lowest (P = 0.04) in High milk producing cows with the greatest pregnancy rate in Mod milk cows. Calf mid-weight at ∼d 58 was increased (P < 0.001) in calves from Mod and High milking cows. However, calf BW at weaning was not different (P = 0.22) among calves from different milk treatment groups. Results from this study suggest that even in management systems that modify the grazing environments with harvested feedstuffs, high milk production decreases reproductive efficiency. In addition, increasing milk production up to d 129 postpartum did not result in increased calf BW at weaning, indicating that the genetic potential for calf BW at weaning could not be improved with increased genetic potential for milk production.
A Design of Thai-English Transliterated Word Retrieval for Smart Phones

Most people in Thailand have a mobile phone for communication. New mobiles phones are smarter and cheaper. They have more features and support multiple language included Thai for entry and display. However entry the Thai text is difficult due to the keyboard layout and the number of letters. There are smart methods for entry complex language, such as Chinese's Pinyin and Japanese's Romaji. These methods are spelling the native characters in form of Latin script by using the normal English characters. The entry data are in the form of English transliteration words that will be converted back to the native language by using the word prediction system. This method helps user to entry the words easier with accuracy. This paper proposes a design of the Thai entry system that is working the same as the Pinyin and the Romaji systems. The main trouble is the complication of Thai-English transliteration system. There is a standard version of Thai-English transliteration by the Royal Institute but it has limitations. So the others nonstandard method are considered. The design of the Thai entry system is validated through an experiment. The results show that the proposed designed system performs better than the conventional input method. Keywords—smart phone, Thai, transcription, transliteration, word retrieval.
Methodologic issues in linking aggregated environmental and health data

Epidemiologic studies of environmental exposures and their impacts on disease risk are an important and increasingly applied approach in public health assessment. However, environmental epidemiology often uses data that have been collected as temporal-spatial and demographic statistics, and thus are only available for analysis at the level of aggregate information. The need to conduct aggregate-level studies springs primarily from the difficulty of obtaining high-quality, individual-level data on environmental exposures and extraneous covariates. This paper discusses the special characteristics of aggregate data and explains why great care must be exercised when the links between environment and health are analyzed. Further, this paper recalls ways to select an appropriate data-analytic method and strategy for epidemiologic studies, and to infer whether exposure to an environmental risk factor leads to a specific health outcome. Applicable statistical methods include ecologic analysis, time series analysis, multilevel modeling, and quantitative risk assessment. Finally, this paper outlines some methodologic requirements for linking environment and health data. Copyright © 2000 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Tools for Semiglobal Stabilization by Partial State and Output Feedback

We develop tools for uniform semiglobal stabilization by partial state and output feedback. We show, by means of examples, that these tools are useful for solving a variety of problems. One application is a general result on semiglobal output feedback stabilizability when global state feedback stabilizability is achievable by a control function that is uniformly completely observable. We provide more general results on semiglobal output feedback stabilization as well. Globally minimum phase input--output linearizable systems are considered as a special case. Throughout our discussion we demonstrate the usefulness of considering local convergence separate from boundedness of solutions. For the former we employ a sufficient small gain condition guaranteeing convergence. For the latter we rely on Lyapunov techniques.
Masonry Construction: Recognizing & Controlling Ergonomic Hazards

E rgonomics is the study of the body’s movements and postures in relation to the performance of certain tasks. Risk factors emerge in the task environment (conditions such as loads and pace; equipment controls and tools that are manipulated manually, especially repetitively) and the individual worker (proper conditioning and warm-up). Risk factors may trigger acute injury such as back pain or chronic illnesses such as carpel tunnel syndrome. According to the National Occupational Research Agenda (NORA) Construction Sector Council (2008), ergonomics applied to the workplace is a scientific approach to identifying and controlling work-related musculoskeletal disorder (WMSD) injuries or illnesses of the muscles, tendons, joints and nerves that are caused or aggravated by work. “Examples of WMSDs are: inflamed tendons or joints, elbow muscles and tendon inflammation, herniated disc, rotator cuff syndrome, carpal tunnel syndrome, and back and neck strain” (NORA Construction Sector Council, 2008). The report continues, “workers in all construction sectors and occupations are exposed to multiple physical risk factors associated with WMSDs: •high physical exertions; •prolonged static physical exertions; •repetitive physical exertions; •awkward working postures; •working in cold conditions; •whole-body or segmental vibration” (NORA Construction Sector Council, 2008). Based on the first four factors, construction workers subject to WMSDs include those trades with significant material handling tasks that are naturally part of their work, such as carpenters who install framing and drywall, and masons and their helpers. In fact, “manual material handling is the largest single cause of lost workday injuries in construction. One out of every four injuries happens because someone lifted, carried, pushed or pulled something the wrong way, or beyond his or her capacity” (CNA Loss Control Services, 1999). Further investigation reveals that masons and mason tenders are at extremely high risk for WMSDs. For example, “58% of all lost-time injuries among masons could be directly attributed to installation and manual materials handling activities” and “in 2005, the masonry industry had the highest rate of back injuries and illnesses (75.4 per 10,000 workers) out of all construction trades” (Hess, Kincl, Amasay, et al., 2010). OSHA 29 CFR 1926, Subpart Q, Concrete and Masonry, contains no guidance on ergonomics. In BrIef •Ergonomics is a scientific approach to identifying and controlling work-related musculoskeletal disorder (WMSD) injuries or illnesses of the muscles, tendons, joints and nerves that are caused or aggravated by work. •A body of knowledge exists on ways to control (avoid, abate or prevent) many ergonomic hazards experienced by masons and mason tenders. •Masonry contractors, both large and small, need SH&E professional assistance to translate research findings into new practices that may consist of different masonry materials, equipment and work methods than are currently in use.
Combined HPLC Analysis of 25-OH-Vitamin D 3 and D 2 Product information Page 3 / 4 Reference values for vitamin B 1 and vitamin B 6 in whole blood

Vitamin D exists in two forms: cholecalciferol (vitamin D3) is synthesized endogenously from 7-dehydrocholesterol in the skin by the action of UVB radiation; plant/yeast derived ergocalciferol (vitamin D2) is formed exogenously by irradiation of ergosterol. In the early 1990’s both vitamin D2 and D3 were considered equipotent. However, later research in different animal species showed differences in response to vitamin D2 and D3 [12]. Later studies suggested differential response to vitamin D2 and D3 in humans as well [14].