Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A sampling strategy for conserving genetic diversity when forming core subsets

When forming core subsets, accessions from a collection are classified into clusters, and then samples are drawn from the clusters with the aim of maintaining the diversity of the collection. In a stratified sampling strategy, the allocation method provides a criterion for determining the number of accessions to be selected from each cluster. This paper proposes an allocation method (D method) and compares it with three other allocation methods (L, LD, and NY methods). In these allocation methods, the number of accessions sampled per cluster is proportional to (i) the mean of the Gower's distance between accessions within the cluster (D method), (ii) the logarithm of the cluster size (L method), (iii) the product of the cluster size times the mean Gower distance (NY method), and (iv) the product of the logarithm of the cluster size times the mean Gower distance (LD method). Five hundred independent stratified random samples with two sampling intensities (10 and 20%) were obtained from four datasets. The allocation methods were compared on the basis of three criteria: diversity of the samples, recovery of the range of variables in the sample, and variances of the samples. Results showed that the D method produced samples (i) with significantly more diversity than the other allocation methods, (ii) that recovered more of the range of the variables, (iii) with higher variances for the continuous variables than the other three methods, and (iv) with variances higher than the variance among accessions of the collection. A sampling intensity of 10% preserves the same or more variability than a sampling intensity of 20%.
Analyse topologique d'écoulements complexes : utilisation de la vélocimétrie par imagerie de particules pour une approche quantitative

Cette these porte sur l'analyse topologique d'ecoulements autour de corps 3D. Elle presente une etude de la topologie parietale pour le cas academique de l'ecoulement autour d'un cube pose sur paroi. La PIV rasante permet pour cela de concilier les avantages des approches globales qualitatives, et ceux des approches quantitatives des decollements 3 D. Une procedure d'extrapolation de la structure topologique d'ecoulements moyens a partir d'empreintes parietales complexes est proposee. Un outil des post-traitements des champs PIV instantanes est mis en place. Cette approche, basee sur un filtrage POD, des algorithmes automatises de detection des points singuliers et de classification des topologies associees, permet d'extraire une dynamique globale d'ecoulement a partir de donnees non resolues dans le temps. Enfin une application industrielle avec une maquette echelle 1/4 de vehicule permet d'aborder non seulement l'extrapolation de la structure 3D de l'ecoulement a partir de l'empreinte parietale PIV, mais egalement le lien entre cette derniere et la repartition de pression parietale moyenne (i. E. Les efforts aerodynamiques).
Opposing mitogenic regulation by PACAP in sympathetic and cerebral cortical precursors correlates with differential expression of PACAP receptor (PAC1‐R) isoforms

Neurogenesis in the peripheral and central nervous systems proceeds in region‐specific fashion, although underlying mechanisms remain undefined. Emerging evidence indicates that the neuropeptide PACAP and its G‐protein–coupled receptor are expressed widely in the embryonic brain, suggesting that the ligand/receptor system plays a role in development. We found previously that PAC1‐R activation elicited opposing mitogenic effects in neurogenetic cultures, stimulating peripheral sympathetic neuroblasts while inhibiting cerebral cortical precursors. We have now defined the expression of PAC1‐R mRNA isoforms and activation of second‐messenger pathways in these model populations. Sympathetic neuroblasts express the “hop” receptor isoform, through which PACAP elicits increased levels of cAMP and activation of the PI signaling pathway. In contrast, cerebral cortical precursors express primarily the “short” (non‐insert) receptor isoform and exhibit increased cAMP levels alone following PACAP treatment. Thus, opposing mitogenic regulation in sympathetic and cortical precursors correlates with differential receptor isoform expression and distinct second‐messenger signaling. In addition to receptor, PACAP ligand mRNA was expressed by both populations, suggesting that the peptide is produced and acts locally to regulate precursor proliferation. These observations indicate that the PACAP ligand/receptor system is expressed in both the peripheral and central nervous system during development. More generally, these studies suggest that widely expressed extracellular factors mediate region‐specific neurogenesis by activating lineage‐restricted receptor isoforms and intracellular pathways. J. Neurosci. Res. 53:651–662, 1998. © 1998 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Weak and strong convergence theorems for a finite family of generalized asymptotically quasinonexpansive nonself-mappings

In this paper, we introduce and study a new iterative scheme toapproximate a common xed point for a nite family of generalized asymptoticallyquasi-nonexpansive nonself-mappings in Banach spaces. Several strong and weakconvergence theorems of the proposed iteration are established. The main resultsobtained in this paper generalize and re ne some known results in the currentliterature.
Neocentric small supernumerary marker chromosomes (sSMC) – three more cases and review of the literature

Here we report on three new patients with neocentric small supernumerary marker chromosomes (sSMC) derived from chromosome 2, 13 and 15, respectively. The sSMC(13) and sSMC(15) had inverted duplicated shapes and the sSMC(2) a ring chromosome shape. All three cases were clinically severely abnormal. A review of the available sSMC literature revealed that up to the present 73 neocentric sSMC cases including these three new cases have been reported. Seven of these cases were not characterized morphologically; in the remainder, 80% had an inverted duplication, 17% a ring and 3% a minute shape. 81% of the reported neocentric sSMC carriers showed severe, 12% moderate and 8% no clinical abnormalities. In summary, we report three more neocentric sSMC cases, provide a review on all up to now published cases, highlight their special characteristics and compare them to centric sSMC.
Measuring consumer neural activation to differentiate cognitive processing of advertising

Purpose Herbert Krugman (1971) was among the first marketing scholars to utilize electroencephalography (EEG) to examine advertising. However, nearly five decades have transpired since this innovative research, making it potentially valuable to use a modern-day approach to reproduce a first-generation neuromarketing study. Thus, the purpose of this study is to replicate and extend Krugman’s original work. Design/methodology/approach To measure participants’ neural activity, two within-subject experiments were conducted to test the effectiveness of advertising using EEG. Independent factors, as defined by Krugman (1971), were three national brand ads differentiated by their level of effectiveness (high/low) associated with recall and arousal. Findings Results from Study 1 largely support Krugman’s original findings, in that an inverse relationship is observed among brain waves (beta, theta and alpha) across multiple exposures and levels. Meaning, similar patterns of activation and dissipation occur regardless of ad type or frequency. Findings from Study 2 were successful in accomplishing what Krugman originally could not by distinguishing between the ads utilizing an event-related potential (ERP) design. Originality/value This study demonstrates that a single neuromarketing approach can be used in multiple ways to provide richer insight while adding value during the research process. At the very least, the re-inquiry is an informative act associated with the theoretical relevance of using EEG measurement in marketing research.
Milk Supplementation of the Diet of Postmenopausal Chinese Women on a Low Calcium Intake Retards Bone Loss

The Chinese diet is low in calcium (less than 500 mg/day on average), and previous observational studies have suggested an association between a low calcium intake and risk of hip and vertebral fracture. In this study, we randomly assigned 200 postmenopausal Chinese women (age range, 55–59 years) to receive 50 g of milk powder containing 800 mg of calcium per day or to a control group. The following are the mean percentage changes (and SEs) in height and bone mineral density (BMD) over 24 months: for height, −0.1 ± 0.2 cm in the milk supplementation group and −0.2 ± 0.1 cm in the control group; for BMD at the total hip, −0.06 ± 0.22% in the milk supplementation group and −0.88 ± 0.26% in the control group; for BMD at the spine (L1−L4), −0.56 ± 0.29% in the milk supplementation group and −1.5 ± 0.29% in the control group; for total body BMD, −0.32 ± 0.16% in the milk supplementation group and −1.2 ± 0.19% in the control group (p < 0.05 by analysis of covariance [ANCOVA] for repeated measures for height and BMD at all sites). The milk supplementation group had less loss in terms of both height and BMD than the control group (p < 0.05 by ANCOVA for repeated measures). Serum parathyroid hormone (PTH) concentration was lower and serum 25‐hyroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] level was higher in the milk supplementation group than the control group at 12 months (p < 0.05 by paired t‐test). We conclude that supplementing the diet of postmenopausal Chinese women with high calcium milk powder retards bone loss.
Large vocabulary children's speech recognition with DNN-HMM and SGMM acoustic modeling

In this paper, large vocabulary children’s speech recognition is investigated by using the Deep Neural Network - Hidden Markov Model (DNN-HMM) hybrid and the Subspace Gaussian Mixture Model (SGMM) acoustic modeling approach. In the investigated scenario training data is limited to about 7 hours of speech from children in the age range 7-13 and testing data consists in read clean speech from children in the same age range. To tackle inter-speaker acoustic variability, speaker adaptive training, based on feature space maximum likelihood linear regression, as well as vocal tract length normalization are adopted. Experimental results show that with both DNN-HMM and SGMM systems very good recognition results can be achieved although best results are obtained with the DNN-HMM system.
Prognostic factors analysis of 17,600 melanoma patients: validation of the American Joint Committee on Cancer melanoma staging system.

PURPOSE The American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC) recently proposed major revisions of the tumor-node-metastases (TNM) categories and stage groupings for cutaneous melanoma. Thirteen cancer centers and cancer cooperative groups contributed staging and survival data from a total of 30,450 melanoma patients from their databases in order to validate this staging proposal. PATIENTS AND METHODS There were 17,600 melanoma patients with complete clinical, pathologic, and follow-up information. Factors predicting melanoma-specific survival rates were analyzed using the Cox proportional hazards regression model. Follow-up survival data for 5 years or longer were available for 73% of the patients. RESULTS This analysis demonstrated that (1) in the T category, tumor thickness and ulceration were the most powerful predictors of survival, and the level of invasion had a significant impact only within the subgroup of thin (< or = 1 mm) melanomas; (2) in the N category, the following three independent factors were identified: the number of metastatic nodes, whether nodal metastases were clinically occult or clinically apparent, and the presence or absence of primary tumor ulceration; and (3) in the M category, nonvisceral metastases was associated with a better survival compared with visceral metastases. A marked diversity in the natural history of pathologic stage III melanoma was demonstrated by five-fold differences in 5-year survival rates for defined subgroups. This analysis also demonstrated that large and complex data sets could be used effectively to examine prognosis and survival outcome in melanoma patients. CONCLUSION The results of this evidence-based methodology were incorporated into the AJCC melanoma staging as described in the companion publication.
Clinician’s Biases toward Surgery in Cerebellar Hematomas: An Analysis of Decision-Making in 94 Patients

Background and Purpose: No studies have examined clinical decision-making in cerebellar hemorrhages. Clinical and CT features may influence surgery in patients with a spontaneous cerebellar hematoma. One commonly accepted adage is to remove a clot when 3 cm or larger in axial diameter on presentation CT scan. It is possible that certain preferences impact on outcome. Methods: We analyzed 94 patients with spontaneous cerebellar hematomas between the years of 1973–1993. Thirty-one patients underwent suboccipital craniectomy and clot removal with or without ventriculostomy. Deterioration denoted worsening of consciousness, new brainstem signs, or presentation in coma. Statistical analysis was performed utilizing a tree-based model fitted by binary recursive partitioning. Ninety-five percent confidence intervals (CI) were calculated. Results: The overall probability of surgical intervention was 33% (CI 23–43%). The chance of surgery in stable patients was 7% (CI 2–20%). Neurologic deterioration was seen in 54 patients (57%) and increased the prospects of a surgical procedure (52%, CI 38–66%). Surgery was performed in all deteriorating patients with small hematomas (size <3 cm), but large clots (size >3 cm) did not substantially influence surgical decision-making (45%, CI 30–60%) except in patients younger than 70 years old (57%, CI 41–82%). Conclusions: Clinicians at our institution usually wait for clinical deterioration to unfold prior to operating on patients with cerebellar hematomas. After deterioration occurs, they prefer small hematomas but will operate on large hematomas when patients are younger than 70, generally withholding surgery from older patients. These attitudes may impact on outcome and should be considered in future treatment trials.
THE DYNAMICS OF FOOTBALL CLUB MANAGEMENT

After the 1990’s, the changes in the football world had helped to develop and to grow the economy of football rapidly. The development of digital broadcasting led to build a bigger commercial structure. With the effect of those changes, commercial incomes, sponsor revenues, stadium and facilities incomes, and betting incomes have increased over time. This rapid change also brings several problems. UEFA has published UEFA criteria in order to protect football’s sustainability and viability in a long term. Depending on license criteria that is published by UEFA, it has used a road map for football clubs, regarding of corporate structure of UEFA to work, that identified the general rules like in a company structure and management that should be all the necessary factors of production in a systematic and effective way in order to transform football clubs to a corporate organization and make them sustainable. With this out of the common guide explains readers how to run a club in today’s demanding, high competitive and high-tech environment and, establish its brand, and bring in the revenue required to ensure long-term success. Those who manage and lead clubs will find that they can improve a successful business plan of their club mission and have the instruments to develop and sustain organizations that are feasible and financially wealthy and that satisfy the needs of footballer and those who support them. Article visualizations:
Use of 18F-FDG PET/CT Imaging for Evaluation of Patients With Primary Splenic Lymphoma

Abstract Primary splenic lymphoma (PSL) is a rare disease, and its management differs from other splenic malignancies. The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the role of 18F-FDG PET/CT in patients with PSL. Methods We retrospectively evaluated the data of 17 patients with PSL (median age, 46 years; range, 3-64) who had undergone 50 18F-FDG PET/CT studies. Of the 50 PET/CTs, 15 were done for primary diagnosis/staging and 35 were done for restaging. PET/CT images were evaluated both qualitatively and quantitatively [maximum standardized uptake value (SUVmax)]. Combination of clinical/imaging follow-up and/or histopathologic diagnosis was taken as reference standard. Results Of the total 50 18F-FDG PET/CT studies, 27 studies (54%) were positive and 23 (46%) were negative for disease. PET/CT was true positive in 25 studies, true negative in 22 studies, false positive in 2 studies, and false negative in 1 study. Overall, per study-based sensitivity was 96.2%, specificity was 91.7%, and accuracy was 94%. In those studies performed for diagnosis/staging (15/50), PET/CT was true positive in all 15, with an accuracy of 100%. In those studies performed for restaging (35/50), sensitivity was 90.9%, specificity was 91.7%, and accuracy was 91.4%. No significant difference was seen in the accuracy of PET/CT between staging and restaging groups (P = 0.601). On 18F-FDG PET/CT, splenic involvement was seen in 24 studies, lymph nodal involvement in 5 studies, liver involvement in 3 studies, and bone marrow involvement in 1 study. More than one site of disease was seen in 9 PET/CT studies. On semiquantitative analysis, the overall mean splenic lesion SUVmax was 6.9 ± 7.9 (median, 4.6; range, 1.3–29). The mean value of ratio of SUVmax of splenic lesions and SUVliver was 4.4 ± 5.5 (median, 2.4; range, 0.9–24.2). On comparison of areas under the curve, the mean value of ratio of SUVmax of splenic lesions and SUVliver was found to be superior to SUVmax alone for this differentiation of involvement from normal spleen (P = 0.018). Conclusion 18F-FDG PET/CT seems useful in patients with primary splenic lymphoma and shows high diagnostic accuracy.
Moving Forward: Expanding the Digital Marketing and Information Technology Strategy of a Thriving Nonprofit

Moving Forward: Expanding the Digital Marketing and Information Technology Strategy of a Thriving Nonprofit. Witherspoon, R. Chance, 2018: Consultancy Project, GardnerWebb University, Digital Commons/ Digital Marketing/Information Technology/Nonprofit Organizations The purpose of the project was to expand the digital marketing efforts and volunteer reporting and training processes of a thriving nonprofit healthcare organization. In 2015, the organization had an aging Web presence, disparate marketing systems, and inconvenient volunteer reporting and training processes. The project consisted of four central goals: improve website content management and update processes, improve website usability and digital marketing efforts, improve volunteer documentation and reporting processes, and improve volunteer training processes through accessible education resources. Utilizing a modest budget, the project team sought to improve marketing and information technology processes within the organization by implementing modern technology solutions, integrating systems, and providing convenient resources to stakeholders. The project resulted in a responsive website design, a reduction in ongoing website expenses, online event management and self-service ticketing for fundraising events, an email marketing and social media advertising strategy, HIPAA compliant volunteer reporting processes, and an online volunteer training program.
Current pharmacotherapy of allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis

Although no well-designed studies have been carried out, the available data support the use of corticosteroids for acute exacerbations of allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis (ABPA). Neither the optimal steroid dose nor the duration of therapy has been standardised but limited data suggest the starting dose should be prednisone (~ 0.5 mg/kg/day). The decision to taper steroids should be made on an individual basis, depending on clinical course. The available data suggest that clinical symptoms alone are inadequate to make such decisions, since significant lung damage may occur in asymptomatic patients. Increasing serum IgE levels, new or worsening infiltrate on chest radiograph and worsening spirometry suggest that steroids should be used. Multiple asthmatic exacerbations in a patient with ABPA suggest that chronic steroid therapy should be used. Itraconazole appears useful as a steroid sparing agent.
Asymmetric occlusion detection using linear regression and weight-based filling for stereo disparity map estimation

Stereo matching computes the disparity information from stereo image pairs. A number of stereo matching methods have been proposed to estimate a fine disparity map. However, objects present in the images are occluded on account of different camera viewpoints in a stereo vision setup, and hence it is quite difficult to get a fine disparity map. The methods which use disparity map information of two cameras (symmetric approach) to detect occluded pixels are computationally more complex. The authors approach entails to detect the occluded pixels only by using single disparity map information (asymmetric approach). The behaviour of reference and target pixels are analysed, and it is observed that the target matching pixels almost follow a linear pattern with respect to the reference image pixels. Hence, it is approximated by a linear regression model, and subsequently this model is used to detect the occluded pixels in the authors’ method. Finally, a fine disparity map is obtained by incorporating a novel occlusion filling method. Experimental results show that the proposed occlusion detection method gives almost similar performance as that of the methods which use two disparity maps for detection. For occlusion filling, the authors utilise support weights from both the stereo images, and hence their method can give better performance.
Tumor necrosis factor‐α regulation of insulin‐like growth factor‐I, type 1 IGF receptor, and IGF binding protein expression in cerebellum of transgenic mice

Tumor necrosis factor‐α (TNF‐α), a proinflammatory cytokine, has been implicated in the pathogenesis of several disorders and injuries in the central nervous system (CNS). Unlike IGF‐I, which promotes CNS growth, TNF‐α causes brain growth retardation and neural damage. Recently TNF‐α has been shown to inhibit IGF‐I signaling and actions in non‐neural tissue. To investigate whether TNF‐α deleteriously influences brain growth by altering the IGF‐I system in vivo, we examined the expression of IGF‐I, the type 1 IGF receptor (IGF1R) and IGF binding proteins (IGFBPs) in the brain of transgenic (Tg) mice with murine TNF‐α overexpression. We show that overexpression of TNF‐α reduces the weights of whole brain and all brain regions examined during development. In adult TNF‐α Tg mice, cerebellum (CB) exhibited the greatest reduction in weight among the five brain regions examined, being ∼77% of that in wild‐type (WT) mice. IGF‐I abundance was decreased in the CB, as well as in cerebral cortex and diencephalon, of TNF‐α Tg mice. When compared to those in WT mice, CB IGF‐I abundance in Tg mice was reduced by ∼35%, ∼45%, and ∼40% at 2, 6, and 9 weeks of age, respectively. Of the IGFBPs studied the abundance of IGFBP‐3 and IGFBP‐4 was increased by 2–3.7‐fold, and the abundance of IGFBP‐5 was decreased by ∼3‐fold (as judged by Western immunoblot analysis). Histological analysis and immunocytochemical staining confirmed that TNF‐α specifically increases IGFBP‐3 and IGFBP‐4 immunoreactivity, as well as that of the IGF1R, in radial glial and Purkinje cells. In addition, TNF‐α alters CB cytoarchitecture, apparently by influencing granule cell migration. Our data indicate that TNF‐α alters the expression of IGF‐I system proteins in vivo, and suggest that altered expression of IGF‐I system proteins may in part explain TNF‐α deleterious actions on brain growth. © 2002 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.