Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Intersectionality and leadership in context: Examining the intricate paths of four black women in educational leadership in the United States

ABSTRACT There is an emergent body of scholarship about the specific ways in which Black women lead within the context of education. In the United States, women comprise three-quarters of the educational workforce. Yet, roughly four in five senior-level leaders in education are male. Although developments continue to be made, only very recently has significant advancement been made in what remains a historically male-dominated space. Black women represent the most educated group in today’s workforce; yet, they represent a small fraction of leaders who ascend above the ranks of mid-level management. In response to this, we were compelled to add to the existing research in this sphere. Our paper incorporates social justice leadership theory as a frame for the study of Black women in the context of educational leadership. Employing a hermeneutic phenomenology, we interviewed four Black women in educational leadership to examine the intersecting factors (i.e. race and gender) that impact these women’s ability to lead. Using in-depth, timed, semi-structured interviews, contributors reflected upon their unique experiences and perceptions as non-archetypal leaders. Participants’ recounted stories of resilience, community, struggle, and perseverance revealed the need for more US-based research specific to the intricate leadership journeys of Black women in education.
What teachers and parents can add to personality ratings of children: Unique associations with academic performance in elementary school

Adults’ ratings of children’s personality have been found to be more closely associated with academic performance than children’s self-reports. However, less is known about the relevance of the unique perspectives held by specific adult observers such as teachers and parents for explaining variance in academic performance. In this study, we applied bifactor (S–1) models for 1411 elementary school children to investigate the relative merits of teacher and parent ratings of children’s personalities for academic performance above and beyond the children’s self-reports. We examined these associations using standardized achievement test scores in addition to grades. We found that teachers’ unique views on children’s openness and conscientiousness had the strongest associations with academic performance. Parents’ unique views on children’s neuroticism showed incremental associations above teacher ratings or self-reports. For extraversion and agreeableness, however, children’s self-reports were more strongly associated with academic performance than teacher or parent ratings. These results highlight the differential value of using multiple informants when explaining academic performance with personality traits.
Refrigerant Charge Prediction of Vapor Compression Air Conditioner Based on Start-Up Characteristics

Refrigerant charge faults, which occur frequently, increase the energy loss and may fatally damage the system. Refrigerant leakage is difficult to detect and diagnose until the fault has reached a severe degree. Various techniques have been developed to predict the refrigerant charge amount based on steady-state operation; however, steady-state experiments used to develop prediction models for the refrigerant charge amount are expensive and time-consuming. In this study, a prediction model was established with dynamic experimental data to overcome these deficiencies. The dynamic models for the condensation temperature, degree of subcooling, compressor discharge temperature, and power consumption were developed with a regression support vector machine (r-SVM) model and start-up experimental data. The dynamic models for the condensation temperature and degree of subcooling can predict the distinct start-up characteristics depending on the refrigerant charge amount. Moreover, the estimated root mean square error (RMSE) of the condensation temperature and degree of subcooling of the test data are 0.53 and 0.84 °C, respectively. The refrigerant charge is one of the predictors that defines the dynamic characteristics. The refrigerant charge can be estimated by minimizing the RMSE of the predicted values of the dynamic models and experimental data. When the dynamic characteristics of the two predictor variables, “condensation temperature” and “degree of subcooling” are used together, the average prediction error of the test data is 2.54%. The proposed method, which uses the dynamic model during start-up operation, is an effective technique for predicting the refrigerant charge amount.
Investigating Online Social Media Network Acceptance in the Tourism and Hospitality Industry in Oman

In the emerging tourism and hospitality industries such as that of Oman, companies can market their services and products using the Social Media Networks (hereafter SMNs) and engage customers to identify their requirements online. Oman recognizes the benefits of SMNs in the tourism and hospitality industry and it has made major efforts to ensure the success of this newly introduced industry like its neighboring country the United Arab Emirates (hereafter UAE). Even though, the hospitality industry is vital to the economy of Oman, the Omani hospitality industry continues employing the conventional approach while conducting transactions. Understanding the influence of accepting such an innovation in the hospitality industry in Oman raises a fruitful research question to investigate. Therefore, it is this study’s objective to examine the influence of SMNs Acceptance in the tourism and hospitality industry in Oman. For the attainment of the study’s objective, the study uses a survey questionnaire to 200 respondents that have visited Oman recently, where 182 responses were properly filled and returned. The structural equation modeling (hereafter SEM) had been utilized to analyze the collected data. The results reveal that the respondents had high degree of satisfaction with their travel experience and they intended to continue using SMNs for tourism purposes. Nonetheless, it was found that the major factors influencing their decisions are: perceived usefulness, perceived ease of use, subjective norms and reliability.
Are mycotoxins a health hazard in Australia ? 1. Aflatoxins and Fusarium toxins

Nearly fifty years have elapsed since the term mycotoxicosis was first used for the diseases resulting from the growth of fungi in foods and feeds (Forgacs & Carll 1952) and nearly 40 years since Turkey X disease signalled the discovery of aflatoxins (Austwick & Ayerst 1963). Mycotoxins have long since passed from the realms of laboratory curiosities to the position where they are recognised as an important cause of human and animal disease. Enough knowledge has now accumulated for questions to be posed on the importance of mycotoxins in human health in Australia, a country where the perception is that mycotoxins are not a health risk. How realistic is that perception? This paper outlines the known health risks posed by mycotoxins to Australians and also focuses on some deficiencies in Australian data needed to answer these questions.
Biosynthesis of Gold Nanoparticles Using Pleurotus ostreatus extract with Their Electrochemical Activity of Detection of Carbendazim in vegetable

1 College of Horticulture, Jilin Agricultural University, No.2888 Xincheng St, Changchun, Jilin, 130118, P.R. China 2 College of Agricultural, Jilin Agricultural University, No.2888 Xincheng St, Changchun, Jilin, 130118, P.R. China 3 Collage of Resources and Environment. Jilin Agricultural University, No.2888 Xincheng St, Changchun, Jilin, 130118, P.R. China 4 Xinyang of Henan Province Hydroglogy and Water Resources Survey Bureau,Xinyang, Henan, P.R. China, * E-mail: yaofangjie_228@qq.com
Interventions for Distal Radius Fractures: A Meta-analysis of Comparison Studies

Abstract Background Distal radius fractures are one of the most frequent orthopaedic injuries. There are many effective treatment methods, such as volar plate, dorsal plate, percutaneous pins, external fixation, and casting; however, comparison of the treatment outcomes has not been thoroughly investigated. Our purpose is to determine if volar plating is the superior treatment method for distal radius fractures. We will address this through the following questions: First, is volar plating superior to dorsal plating, percutaneous pins, external fixation, or casting in terms of reported complications? Second, does volar plating produce superior functional outcomes to dorsal plating, percutaneous pins, external fixation, or casting? Third, are the radiographic outcomes superior for volar plating when compared with dorsal plating, percutaneous pins, external fixation, or casting? Methods MEDLINE, Academic Search Ultimate, Academic Search Complete, CINAHL Plus, and JSTOR databases, as well as manual search, were used to identify papers comparing complications and functional results of volar plating to other treatment methods for distal radius fractures published after the year 2000. Complication data and function scores were recorded. Risk of bias was assessed using the Cochrane Risk of Bias Tool and data was analyzed for meta-analysis using Cochrane ReviewManager software. Results Compared with dorsal plate, volar plate performed significantly better in Gartland and Werley score. Volar plating outperformed percutaneous pins for loss of reduction, infection, Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder, and Hand (DASH) score, and ulnar deviation. Loss of reduction, malunion, Patient Related Wrist Evaluation (PRWE) score, DASH score, grip strength, ulnar deviation, and supination were significantly better for volar plating when compared with casting. When compared with external fixation, volar plating had significantly less cases of infection, lower QuickDASH score, and higher range of motion for flexion, pronation, and supination. All other complication and functional outcomes were not significantly different. Conclusions Distal radius fractures treated with volar plating showed relatively better measures of complications, function scores, and range of motion than other treatment methods; however, there was no significant difference in healing time when compared with percutaneous pins. More studies are needed to compare the rest of the treatment methods with each other.
Graphical Approach for V2V Connectivity Enhancement in Clustering-Based VANET

In the clustering based Vehicular Ad-hoc Network (VANET), the Vehicular to Vehicular (V2V) connectivity relies on the milli-meter wave which possesses several connectivity issues (e.g., poor diffraction and high attenuation). Moreover, the broadcasting nature of connected vehicles raises the issue of V2V interference. In this letter, we have shown that a large portion of V2V interference comes from the intra-cluster vehicles only. Then, we propose a dual-slot transmission scheme for intra-cluster interference suppression. Finally, we propose a graph-based algorithm to assure that the dominant interfering nodes may transmit in the different time slots. Further, through simulation results, it is shown that the proposed approach significantly enhances the V2V connectivity of clustering based VANET.
Plant Developmental Stage Drives the Differentiation in Ecological Role of Plant Bacterial and Fungal Microbiomes

BackgroundPlants live with diverse microbial communities which profoundly affect multiple facets of host performance such as nutrition acquisition, disease suppression and productivity, but if and how host development impacts the assembly, functions and microbial interactions of crop microbiomes are poorly understood. Here we examined both bacterial and fungal communities across soils (rhizosphere and bulk soil), plant epiphytic and endophytic niches (phylloplane, rhizoplane, leaf and root endosphere), and plastic leaf of fake plant (representing environment-originating microbes) at three developmental stages of maize at two contrasting sites, and further explored the potential function of phylloplane microbiomes based on metagenomics.ResultsOur results suggested that plant developmental stage had a much stronger influence on the microbial diversity, composition and interkingdom networks in plant compartment niches than in soils, with the strongest effect in the phylloplane. Air (represented by fake plants) was an important source of phylloplane microbiomes which were co-shaped by both plant development and seasonal environmental factors. Further, we demonstrated that bacterial and fungal communities in plant compartment niches exhibited contrasting response to host developmental stages, with higher alpha diversity and stronger deterministic assembly within bacterial microbiomes at the early stage but a similar pattern within mycobiomes at the late stage. Moreover, we found that bacterial taxa played a more important role in microbial interkingdom network and crop yield prediction at the early stage, while fungal taxa did so at the late stage. Metagenomic analyses further indicated that phylloplane microbiomes possessed higher functional diversity and functional genes involved in nutrient provision and disease resistance at the early stage than the late stage. Conclusions﻿Our results suggest that host developmental stage profoundly influences plant microbiome assembly and functions, and the bacterial and fungal microbiomes take a differentiated ecological role at different plant development stages. This study provides empirical evidence for host exerting strong effect on plant microbiomes by deterministic selection to meet the physiological requirement of plant developmental stages. These findings have implications for the development of future tools to manipulate microbiome for sustainable increase in primary productivity.
Air pollution and mental health: the moderator effect of health behaviors

Increasing incidents of regional pollution in China have threatened the well-being and physical and mental health of individuals. Therefore, the potential impact of air pollution on mental health must be assessed. This study examined the relationship between air pollution and mental health, as well as the regulatory effects of health behaviors. Air pollution was measured using the concentration of particulates with a diameter less than 2.5 μm (PM2.5), and mental health was measured using the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression (CES-D) scale. Using the China Family Panel Studies 2010 and 2014 data sets, the panel data regression model was employed to discuss the associations between air pollution and mental health and the interaction between air pollution and health behaviors on mental health. In total, 52 568 observations were collected. When the concentration of PM2.5 increased by 1 μg m−3, the CES-D scale scores decreased by 0.012 (95% CI: −0.021 to −0.003). Smoking was the only health behavior that made this effect more pronounced, its regulatory effect on the CES-D scale scores was −0.011 (95% CI: −0.021 to −0.002). The mental health of low-income individuals was also more vulnerable to the adverse effects of air pollution. This study highlights the potential impact of air pollution on mental health and the importance of health behaviors; it also provides suggestions for maintaining mental health and formulating policies based on changing air quality in the future.
Kampung (village) flood resilience: an empirical analysis in Malaysia

ABSTRACT Due to differences in the location, topography and socio-economic characteristics, flood risk and resilience are not the same for all communities. This study analysed flood resilience and its variations in different parts of the Temerloh Municipal Council area, Malaysia. Due to its location in the Pahang River basin, this town is highly vulnerable to flooding. The huge losses and damage caused by a devastating flood in 2014 illustrated the lack of resilience in different parts of the town. Therefore, this study sought answers to the following questions: (1) What methodological approach should be used to develop a Flood Resilience Index (FRI) of kampungs (villages located within an urban setting)? (2) How does the flood resilience of different kampungs vary across different dimensions? (3) What are the principal factors in determining the flood resilience of different kampungs? and (4) What are the policy implications for enhancing the flood resilience? This research formulated an FRI for 10 different kampungs within Temerloh. The results indicated that as each community’s strengths and problems varied across kampungs, the FRI also varied. Therefore, despite covering small areas, this type of FRI should usefully form the base of flood risk management policy and actions, both here and probably elsewhere.
Flexibility in using self-regulatory strategies to manage self-control conflicts: The role of metacognitive knowledge, strategy repertoire, and feedback monitoring

For regulating emotion, it has been shown that people benefit from being flexible in their use of emotion regulation strategies. In the current study, we built on research focused on regulatory flexibility with respect to emotions to investigate flexibility in the use of self-regulatory strategies to resolve daily self-control conflicts. We investigated three components of flexibility: (1) metacognitive knowledge, (2) strategy repertoire, and (3) feedback monitoring. In a 10-day experience sampling study, 226 participants reported whether they had, within the past hour, experienced a self-control conflict of initiating an aversive activity, persisting in it, or inhibiting an unwanted impulse in response to a temptation. Results support the hypothesis that higher levels of all three components of flexibility are associated with higher levels of success in managing daily self-control conflicts, except for strategy repertoire and feedback monitoring in conflicts of persistence. Results also support the hypothesis that higher levels of trait self-control are associated with higher levels of metacognitive knowledge and feedback monitoring for conflicts of initiation, but not for conflicts of persistence and inhibition. We found no evidence of an association between trait self-control and strategy repertoire. These findings demonstrate the importance of flexible strategy use during daily self-control conflicts.
Study of 3-(4’-Nitrobenzamido)coumarin using an Alzheimer’s Disease Model

3-(4’-Nitrobenzamido)coumarin (MJM255), a potent in vitro acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibitor, was selected as an in vivo candidate for the discovery of new therapeutic solutions for Alzheimer’s disease. Computational (in silico) studies showing the theoretical physicochemical properties indicate desirable a pharmacokinetic profile for this molecule to cross the blood-brain barrier (BBB). An in vivo study, using the object recognition test (ORT) mice model, was carried out. This compound exhibited a similar effect as eserine, a well-known AChE inhibitor able to cross the BBB.
On the tuning of a nonlinear energy‐based regulator for the positioning of a fully actuated surface marine craft

Funding information Defence Science and Technology Group Abstract The authors address the problem of tuning a non-linear energy-based regulator for the positioning of a surface marine craft. Interconnection and damping assignment passivity-based control (IDA-PBC) is used for the control design, resulting in passive target dynamics that can be expressed as a port-Hamiltonian system (PHS). The IDA-PBC methodology has been successfully utilised in several applications, however, there has been minimal development in tuning methods that can analytically assist the designer to achieve desired response characteristics. It is demonstrated that eigenvalue assignment of the linearised target dynamics in PHS form can significantly aid the tuning process. Based on this analysis, the authors propose a systematic tuning approach to achieve certain performance and response characteristics. A comprehensive demonstration of the proposed tuning method is provided for the position regulation of an underwater vehicle in the horizontal plane in a case study, where numerical analysis of robustness is also conducted.
Pregnancy outcomes in sexually transmitted infections or human immunodeficiency viruses infected women at a tertiary care center: a retrospective study

Background: The natural history of HIV infection in early disease is not affected by pregnancy. In later stages there may be rapid disease progression leading to adverse pregnancy outcomes. Prevalence of HIV in India is 0.3% in pregnant women. With the advent of PPTCT, there have been a decline in the adverse pregnancy outcomes but still few adversities are reported. Aim of the study was to assess the various pregnancy outcomes in HIV positive women and the effects of antiretroviral therapy (ART). Methods: A retrospective analytical study conducted from July 2017-June 2019 on HIV infected pregnant women. Their maternal age, CD4 count at diagnosis of HIV, after postpartum, mode of delivery, birth weight and HIV status of baby were noted and analyzed. Results: 18 HIV infected pregnant women were included. Their mean age was 25.6 years. 12 patients were in 2 nd trimester and the rest in 1 st trimester. All were on triple-drug (TEL) regimen. Three were diagnosed with HIV prior to conception and were already on ART. Remaining were detected at the time of ANC visit. All cases fall under stage I WHO clinical staging. Out of the 18 pregnant, two delivered by LSCS and the rest by normal delivery. All were term deliveries, with mean birth weight of 2.82 kg. One HIV infected baby was born by LSCS. The mean CD4 count at the time of diagnosis of HIV was 389 and at postpartum was 508. Overall, there was seen to be an increase in CD4 count without any adverse effects during ART. Conclusions: Prompt HIV diagnosis and ART initiation during antenatal period can have good pregnancy outcome and thereby reducing transmission to children.
Carbon Nanostructures Produced by Liquid Phase Exfoliation of Graphite in the Presence of Small Organic Molecules

Abstract We report on the formation of different carbon nanostructures by ultrasonication of graphite in DMF upon the addition of 3 different small molecules: ferrocene carboxylic acid, dimethylamino methyl-ferrocene, and benzyl aldehyde. Our results confirm that acoustic cavitation in organic solvents generates free radicals which enable or are involved in secondary reactions. During the ultrasonication process, the addition of small molecules induces the formation of different carbon nanostructures mainly depending on the chemical nature of the molecule, as observed by transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Raman spectroscopy analysis confirms that small molecules act as radical scavengers reducing the damage caused by cavitation to graphene sheets producing long nanoribbons, squared sheets, or carbon nanoscrolls. Importantly, this strategy allows the production of different carbon nanostructures in liquid-phase making them readily available for their chemical functionalization or for their incorporation into hybrids materials enabling the development of new advanced biological applications.