Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Cryopreservation of Human Ovarian Tissue

Cryopreservation of human ovarian tissue would benefit women who are likely to lose their ovarian function because of chemo- or radiotherapy or due to genetic disorders or other causes. In animal experiments, it has been studied for sixty years. For human fertility preservation it started in 1996. Slow programmed freezing was first established. It has become a standard method to be offered to women facing premature ovarian failure. Several protocols and cryoprotectants have been used, most frequently propanediol combined with sucrose, ethylene glycol or dimethylsulfoxide. Functional recovery of frozen-thawed tissue has been shown in ovarian follicle cultures and xenotransplantation. Several healthy infants have already been born after orthotopic transplantation of frozen-thawed tissue to cured women. In vitro follicle culture methods for women who have a risk of re-introduction of malignancy, are under development. A more recent cryopreservation method is vitrification using a combination of cryoprotectan.
Aging: The Mitochondrial Connection

Mitochondria are the powerhouses of the cell, providing the vast majority of cellular ATP under aerobic conditions. However, this essential function comes at the cost of reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, which can cause cellular damage. With age, mitochondrial function declines, resulting in decreased ATP production and increased ROS production, which may contribute to the aging process. In this review, we explore the evidence linking impaired mitochondrial function to age-related degeneration, highlight methods that have been shown to improve mitochondrial function, and speculate on whether they can lead to rejuvenation.
Decline of the Marbled Murrelet Population on the Central Oregon Coast during the 1990s

Standardized surveys for abundance and distribution of marbled murrelets (Brachyramphus marmoratus) at sea from 1992 to 1999 were analyzed using 100-m-wide strip transects for a 106-km portion of the central Oregon coast from the Siletz River to the Sillslaw River. Densities showed a significant decline beginning in 1996, with no increase thereafter. Densities decreased in both near-shore and offshore strata <3 km from shore. Population estimates of roughly 9,750 birds (95% CI = 4,030 to 14,870) in 1992-93 decreased to 4,100 (95% CI = 870 to 6440) in 1997-99. There may have been a decrease in abundance in southern Oregon, but there was no evidence of change in northern Oregon. Removal of nesting habitat during the 1980s, low overwinter survival, and poor productivity associated with decreased marine productivity are possible factors contributing to the decline.
Quantifying seed germination responses of Echinops and Centaurea, to salinity and drought stresses

Seed germination may significantly interrupt by water stress due to drought and salinity condition. Salinity can cause osmotic pressure and induce drought stress. Water deficit stress affect normal seed germination and reduce seedling vigor. The objective of this investigation was to determine the effect of drought and salt stresses on germination characteristics of Echinops ritro and Centaurea virgata. Seeds were germinated with the concentrations of sodium chloride (0, 50, 100, 150 and 200 mmol) or in polyethylene glycol PEG6000 (0, -0.2, -0.4, -0.6, -0.8, -1 and -1.2 MPa). The highest values of germination parameters were obtained with no osmotic potential or salinity stress. At treatment by PEG, the germination was severely decreased at -0.6 MPa. While, no germination occurred at0.8 MPa by PEG. Results revealed that under 118 Mmol salinity, the seed germination of Centaurea virgata declined to 43% which was as close as half of its total seed germination. However, 50% reduction in seed germination of Echinops ritro was observed at 193 mmol salinity. Results indicated Echinops ritro and Centaurea virgata germination was sensitive to both the stresses. However, seedling growth was more sensitive to PEG than NaCl.
Study on the determination method about the esterifying enzymes from DaQu of Chinese Strong Flavour Liquor Making

The checking method about the esterifying enzymes from DaQu was completely studied in this paper.Reaction in the organic phase could rapidly analyses the esterifying enzymes power,adapting to the demand of industrialized product,compared with traditional method.The best conditions as followed:35℃,0 15M n-caproic acid,1∶1 25 of n-caproic acid and ethyl alcohol,equal 15g dry DaQu was joined into 30mL n-heptane,the esterification of different quality DaQu can be distinguished in 24 hour,which was much less than the conversation measures'100 hour.
Juvenile Trapezia spp. crabs can increase juvenile host coral survival by protection from predation

Adult crabs are known to play critical roles in the survival of their adult coral hosts, but little is known of the mutualism between juvenile crabs (≤0.5 cm) and their juvenile hosts. Field and laboratory experiments both demonstrated that the presence of juvenile crabs of the genus Trapezia in young host Pocillopora corals (2 to 3 cm diameter) increased coral survival by 32% and reduced consumption by the corallivorous seastar Acanthaster planci. These experiments also showed that juvenile Trapezia were not effective at deterring predation by another common predatory seastar, Culcita novaeguineae. Finally, our work highlights that the defensive ability of symbiotic crabs may be genus-specific, as juvenile Tetralia spp. crabs, obligate symbionts of Acropora spp. , displayed no protection against either A. planci or C. novaeguineae.
The Relationship betwen Vitamin C and Polyphenol Content in Persimmon Leaves.

健康茶として飲用されている柿葉茶の有効成分, すなわち, ビタミンCとポリフェノール成分の含有量の挙動を, 季節別生葉とその乾燥法別柿葉茶, さらに柿葉茶浸出液について追究した。 その結果は次のようである。 1) 生葉のビタミンC量は, 7月葉に最も多く485mg/100gで還元型が70%を占めた。 9月葉では著しく減少し, 季節の経過に伴い還元型が減少し酸化型が増加する傾向を示した。 10月の若葉は春から成長してきた10月葉に比べてビタミンC量は高く, 酸化型の占める割合は63%であった。 生業のポリフェノール量は季節の経過に伴ってしだいに増加し, とくに10月の若葉は著しく高く3, 100mg/100gであった。 2) 生葉をそのまま乾燥, 蒸熱後乾燥, 真空凍結乾燥の方法で柿葉茶を作製した。 柿葉茶のビタミンC量は, いずれの乾燥法でも著しく減少した。 減少の少なかった真空凍結乾燥柿葉茶でも残存率は14～20%で, 酸化型が90%を占めた。 ポリフェノール量は, ビタミンC量高く酸化型への変化の大きかったものほど顕著な減少はなかった。 すなわち, ビタミンCとポリフェノールの相互関係が認められた。 3) 柿葉茶を80℃の湯を用いた浸出液中のビタミンCとポリフェノールの溶出率は, 蒸熱後乾燥したものが著しく高かった。 柿葉茶浸出液のビタミンCとポリフェノール量との間には正の相関が認められた。
Attenuation and Scattering of High Frequency Sound Waves in Metals and Glasses

By using a pulse method, attenuation and velocity measurements have been made for aluminum and glass rods in the frequency range from 2 to 15 megacycles. The sound pulses are generated by crystals waxed to the surface of the rod. This wax joint limits the band width of the transmitted pulse and measurements are made using long pulses and approach steady state conditions. The reflected pulses show evidence of several normal modes which can be minimized by using specially shaped electrodes. Longitudinal waves show delayed pulses of smaller magnitude that are caused by the longitudinal wave breaking up into reflected longitudinal and shear waves at the boundary. This effect is small if the diameter of the rod is 20 wave‐lengths or more. The measured losses for aluminum rods show a component proportional to the frequency and another component proportional to the fourth power of the frequency. The first component is the hysteresis loss found for most solid materials. The component proportional to the fourth po.
Current Scenario of Covid-19 with Epidemiological and Phylogenetic Analysis of Pakistani Coronavirus: A Review

A novel corona virus named as 2019 n-CoV was identified to be the actual cause of an outbreak of respiratory illness in Wuhan, China beginning in late December 2019. This respiratory disease was named as COVID-19 by WHO. There are many countries affected by COVID-19 including Pakistan. In this review we have provided a brief introduction of COVID-19 and discussed epidemiological and phylogenetic analysis of Pakistani novel corona virus strain. Our epidemiological analysis of data till 16 May 2020 showed rapidly increasing number of new cases, while at the same time a higher recovery rate than number of deaths in Pakistan. Moreover, phylogenetic analysis indicated that 2019-nCoV strain of Pakistan shared 100 % bootstrap value with various countries’ novel corona virus strains. Similarly, phylogenetic analysis was also conducted in comparison with SARS species to confirm our results. In this review, current knowledge of pathogenesis, diagnosis, treatment of COVID-19 and comorbidities which could be helpful in offering novel understanding and possible therapeutic targets for fighting against the COVID-19 infection are discussed.
Ecological Genetic Variation in Seed Banks. III. Phenotypic and Genetic Differences Between Young and Old Seed Populations of Carex Bigelowii

These approaches were used to determine if phenotypic and genetic variation existed among seed subpopulations of different ages within an Arctic seed bank : morphology and growth rate of seedlings were compared under a common environment; morphology, growth rates and ecological response to temperature-controlled environments and density were compared using vegetative offspring (ramets); relative competitive responses of ramets were compared under multiple environments (.)
Mechanical Transmission of Viruses of Satsuma Dwarf and Natsudaidai Dwarf from Citrus to Citrus

Citrus seedlings of several species were sap-inoculated with viruses of satsuma dwarf (SDV) and Natsudaidai dwarf (NDV) during 1966 to 1967 by the usual carborundum method. According to the sesame test employed about 1 year after inoculation, infection occurred on 23 out of 64 seedlings inoculated with SDV or 16 out of 81 seedlings inoculated with NDV. Nine and 3 seedlings including satsuma, Natsudaidai, and Eureka lemon exhibited symptoms by infection with SDV or NDV, respectively. Thus, SDV and NDV were mechanically transmitted from citrus to citrus.
Language, Truth, and Logic

Classic introduction to objectives and methods of schools of empiricism and linguistic analysis, especially of the logical positivism derived from the Vienna Circle, [i]Language, Truth, and Logic[/i] is a work of philosophy by Alfred Jules Ayer, published in 1936 when Ayer was only 26 (though it was in fact completed by age 24). It was crucial in bringing some of the ideas of the Vienna Circle and the logical empiricists to the attention of the English-speaking world. – This book defines, explains, and argues for the verification principle of logical positivism, sometimes referred to as the "criterion of significance" or "criterion of meaning". It explains how the principle of verifiability may be applied to the problems of philosophy. – Eight chapters: – I. The Elimination of Metaphysics; – II. The Function of Philosophy; – III. The Nature of Philosophical Analysis; – IV. The [i]A Priori[/i]; – V. Truth and Probability; – VI. Critique of Ethics and Theology; – VII. The Self and the Common World; – VIII. Solutions of Outstanding Philosophical Disputes. � M. -M. V.
LOS COCODRILOS FOSILES DE CUBA (REPTILIA: CROCODYLIDAE)

The taxonomic status of Crocodilus pristinus Leidy, 1868, a Cuban fossil, is evaluated. Crocodiles from Ciego Montero, a fossiliferous site near Cienfuegos, Las Villas, Cuba, referred by Thomas Barbour to the living endemic species Crocodylus rhombifer, are studied for the first time. A list of the localities is offered. Crocodylus antillensis, another extinct Cuban species, is confirmed as a valid taxon.
Effect of Bencao Xiaoke Pill on Carbohydrate Metabolism Enzyme Activity in Type 2 Diabetic Rats

Objective To study the effect of Chinese Herbal Compound—Bencao Xiaoke pill on the activity of key enzymes-hexokinase and malate dehydrogenase in the carbohydrate metabolism of type 2 diabetic rats and provide scientific basis for clinical application.Methods Type 2 diabetic rat model was built by small dose injection of streptozotocin(STZ)(25 mg/kg,intraperitoneal injection)and intake of high lipid die.After the model was established,the rats with diabetes were treated with Compound—Bencao Xiaoke pill and metformin.Blood glucose was detected every weekend by cutting rats' tails.After four weeks treatment the blood glucose,activities of muscle hexokinase(HK)and liver malate dehydrogenase(MDH)were tested.Results The blood glucose was significantly decreased as compared with model groups,and there had significant differences in the activities of HK of the muscle tissue and MDH of the liver.Conclusion One of the hypoglycemic mechanism for materia medica Xiaoke pills is to increese directly or indirectly the activity of carbohydrate metabolic enzymes.The Compound—Bencao xiaoke pill has certain effect on the weight loss of diabetic body.
Species surrogacy in environmental impact assessment and monitoring: extending the BestAgg approach to asymmetrical designs

: The mainstream approach to define effective surrogates for species in routine bio-monitoring focuses on the use of coarse levels of taxonomic resolution. A new approach to species surrogacy, the Best Practicable Aggregation of Species (BestAgg), which uses pilot data to generate null models of decreasing information at increasing levels of aggregation of variables, has been recently proposed. The approach has been tested in different environmental contexts, providing several advantages compared to the analysis at taxonomic levels higher than species. How-ever, BestAgg still lacks a framework for its application to asymmetrical designs, thus limiting its general use in environmental impact assessment. Here, we implemented a new procedure to fill this gap and provided a specific R code for BestAgg in asymmetrical analysis. We presented an example of the application of this procedure to a real case study assessing the potential impact of harbour activities on subtidal sessile assemblages. Results from taxonomically fine-resolved data showed a significant effect of harbour activity on assemblage structure, although variable in time. Such patterns were consistent up to order level. Results based on surrogates from BestAgg were also aligned with those obtained at fine taxonomic resolution, but led to retention of much more information on original patterns and increased timesaving in sample processing compared to a classic approach based on the use of higher taxonomic levels. BestAgg represents a more formal procedure to species surrogacy than the empirical determination of the sufficient taxonomic resolution. The approach increases cost-efficiency while maximizing ecological information, and can be used under a wide range of experimental settings, now including asymmetrical designs.
Evaluation of yeast-like fungi to protect Virginia mallow (Sida hermaphrodita) against Sclerotinia sclerotiorum

Abstract Virginia mallow is a plant from the central and eastern states of North America. A large amount of high quality biomass obtained from V. mallow led to interest in this plant for bioenergy purposes. Unfortunately, high incidence of white rot disease caused by Sclerotinia sclerotiorum destroyed plantations of this plant. In previous attempts, various control strategies were not successful and all treatments failed (including the use of Coniothurium minitans). The aim of the study was to find and evaluate yeast-like fungi for biocontrol of S. sclerotiorum, evaluate the optimal thermal condition for biocontrol efficacy, and describe possible modes of action of potential biocontrol organisms. In dual bioassay test with 19 strains of yeast-like fungi with S. sclerotiorum, antagonistic potential were obtained. At different temperatures variations in antagonistic activity of yeast-like fungi were observed. At all tested temperatures (i.e., 4, 12, and 23°C), positive results were obtained. Extracellular enzymes were produced by the majority of antagonistic yeast, such as: amylases (the most frequent), chitinases, proteases, pectinases and xylanases. In this research, reduction in white rot symptoms on V. mallow stems was significant (P < 0.05). The highest inhibition of disease was observed after treatment with strains (114/64) Candida albidus and (117/10) Pichia anomala.
PW 2532 Use of a car-driving simulator in rehabilitation and driving assessment of patients after trauma

The ability to handle complex traffic situations is a challenging task. Transportation on a bicycle, as a pedestrian or driving a car in a safe and efficient way requires handling skills, appropriate sensation of sound and visual impulses and relevant quick responses. In all societies the right to drive a car is initiated with drivers education and a standardised test. But when an acute onset disease such as stroke or a traumatic injury affects the senses or ability to drive there is no standardised quality assured or verified test available. Several reseach studies indicate that usual validity criteria (face validity, reproducibility, acceptance etc.) is fulfilled for driving simulators. Since testing of driving ability in a computer based simulator is basically without risk – this offers an opportunity to develop methods for individual guidance of patients in temporary lowered functional states, e.g.lower limb fractures. Method A driving simulator software was tested in a transportable module in a university outpatient clinic. The test route included different topics (passing a camper on a narrow road, bicycles approaching, pedestrian crossing unexpectedly, ‘annoying other trafficant’ stopping suddenly, passing trucks on a highway in heavy rain and evening light). Results In contrast to previous pilot routes all 45 testpersons except four completed the route. None developed driving sickness. Driving time differed from 3–12 min for completion of the route. Adherence to precise driving varied with age (eg not hitting pedestrians or bicycles) and a larger proportion of elderly and women had difficulties passing the camper on the narrow road). User evaluation clearly indicated need for pre-test adaptation with regular driving before experiencing ‘planned’ disturbances. Conclusion Even short tests of driving in a simulator can show variability among drivers, which indicates a potential role in future valid reproducible driving tests and subsequently rehabilitation of patients
STUDIES ON ANTIMICROBIAL POTENTIAL OF MEDICINAL PLANTS FROM LONAR LAKE

The alkaline Lonar Lake, situated in Buldhana district of Maharashtra state, India, ranks third in the world based on diameter and its high alkalinity (pH 10.5). Lonar crater is surrounded by dense forests constituting many medicinal plants with rich alkaline angiospermic bio-diversity. The medicinal potential of these plant’s fruits and vegetables is known but however, their antibacterial potential of these Lonar Lake medicinal flora is not studied. Hence attempt was made to evaluate the antimicrobial potential of these plants against various enteric bacterial pathogens. The finding concluded that all the medicinal plants of Lonar Lake have antimicrobial potential and should be further studied for their therapeutic use. These are very commonly available plants, economically affordable and have medicinal properties. So these plants can be used as herbal drugs without causing any side effects to reduce the common health problems.
Palynological Evidence for Land Use Changes in South-East Asia

Polleniferous sediments from SE Asian lakes and swamps may reflect anthropogenic changes in their surroundings. Increases in the abundance of pollen of secondary forest trees, herbs and crop plants are possible indicators of human activity, as are evidence of soil erosion and presence of charcoal. The areas most studied so far are Sumatra and New Guinea. Sites in Sumatra show forest disturbances from 4000 BP or earlier: possibly 7000 BP. From about 2000 BP permanent clearings appear. In New Guinea there is forest clearance in the highlands from c. 5000 BP or earlier, disturbance of swamps back to c. 9000 BP, and evidence of burning from c. 10,000 BP. Man has been practising forest disturbance in SE Asia for thousands of years, and this has led to ecological degradation.
ENTEROLOBIUM CYCLOCARPUM SEED PASSAGE RATE AND SURVIVAL IN HORSES, COSTA RICAN PLEISTOCENE SEED DISPERSAL AGENTS'

Costa Rican horses ranging free in deciduous forest-grassland habitats swallow about half of the seeds in the Enterolobium cyclocarpum fruits that they eat, and six such horses defecated at least 9-56% of the seeds alive. While about three-quarters of the surviving seeds appeared by the 14th d after ingestion, about a quarter of the surviving seeds emerged 15-60 d after ingestion. The horse kills Enterolobium seeds by digestive processes shortly after the seed germinates in response to the moisture of the intestinal tract. More than 90% of the seeds that survived the trip did so as hard dormant seeds. They showed no indication that they would germinate more rapidly (break dormancy more rapidly) than seeds planted directly from the fruits. The horse-seed interaction sug- gests that Pleistocene horses may have contributed to both local and long-distance population re- cruitment by Enterolobium cyclocarpum, and contemporary horses certainly have the potential to do so.
Synaptic Chloride Channels Generating Hyperpolarizing On-Responses in Monopolar Neurones of the Blowfly Visual System

The large monopolar neurones LI and L2 in the first optic ganglion of dipteran flies are postsynaptic to short-fibre photoreceptors (Trujillo-Cendz, 1965; Boschek, 1971; Burkhardt & Braitenberg, 1976). Each neurone is contacted by six photoreceptor axons resulting in 1200 synaptic terminations (Nicol & Meinertzhagen, 1982). The photoreceptor response to light is a graded depolarization which, by synaptic transmission, is converted with considerable gain to a postsynaptic hyperpolarization (Jarvilehto & Zettler, 1971). When presynaptic photoreceptors are stimulated with light of constant intensity, the postsynaptic potential (PSP) typically consists of a fast initial hyperpolarization (on-response) followed by a slower decay to a constant level about 100 ms after stimulus onset. Termination of the light stimulus results in an offtransient depolarization (the complete, normal PSP shape is shown in Fig. 1). All phases of the PSP are intensity-dependent. The present report is concerned with the hyperpolarizing on-response in the blowfly monopolar neurones. It has been reported that membrane resistance in locust monopolar cells decreases during the hyperpolarization response of the PSP (Shaw, 1968). Similarly, a decrease in membrane resistance in dragonfly monopolar cells, combined with an on-response reversal potential that is 65 mV below the resting potential, has been interpreted as an increase in potassium and/or chloride conductance generating the on-response (Laughlin, 1974). Attempts to determine the nature of the ionic source generating the hyperpolarizing response of monopolar cells have been rather inconclusive. Intracellular injection of the potassium channel blocker tetraethylammonium (TEA) reduced the on-response in monopolar cells, implying that the normal onresponse is generated by the opening of potassium channels (Zimmerman, 1978). However, these responses are open to an alternative interpretation, since application of TEA also causes hyperpolarization of the resting potential. It has been shown that the reversal potential of the on-response is well below the resting potential (Zimmerman, 1978). As application of TEA"" shifts the membrane potential towards the reversal potential, a reduction of the on-response would be expected, and it is
Immunogenicity of reactive oxygen species modified poly, g and its implication in progressive systemic sclerosis

THESIS SUBMITTED FOR THE DEGREE OF Boctor of pjitotfopljp IN BIOCHEMISTRY BY DEEPAK KUMAR GARG DEPARTMENT OF BIOCHEMISTRY FACULTY OF MEDICINE JAWAHARLAL NEHRU MEDICAL COLLEGE ALIGARH MUSLIM UNIVERSITY ALIGARH ( INDIA) 1998