Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Análise da estabilidade dinâmica em minirredes com controle autônomo de frequência e tensão.

Electrical loads and small power sources, integrated through low voltage distribution feeders, managed in such a way to behave as one controllable entity within in a power system, and with the ability to operate connected or non-connected to the conventional power system is a new kind of electrical system known as Microgrid. This thesis addresses the problem related to dynamic stability of island Microgrids with autonomous control of frequency and voltage. The Microgrids analyzed are composed of combinations of conventional and alternative power sources that do not generate electricity naturally in 50 or 60 Hz, therefore inverters are needed to provide AC network interface. The analysis is performed in the state space with methodologies based on theories involving the eigenvalues and eigenvectors of the state matrix. For this, state-space models are developed for each component of Microgrid, maintaining a compromise between accuracy and complexity. The analytical nature of this study allows investigating the relationship between the stability of Microgrid and parameters of the system, such as controller gains, network design, generation architectures, among others. Complementary sensitivity analyzes of eigenvalues to the electrical parameters of the system allow us to infer the dynamic behavior of various configurations of Microgrids, obtaining important conclusions on the matter. The analytical results are verified by computer simulation using the platform Simulink/Matlab.
Supervisory Control and Simulation of a Bottling Station Moor / Wittmann / FGDES , 2016-0930

This report addresses an experimental set-up in supervisory control. It (a) provides documentation for the simulator of a bottling station, including its discrete-event interface; (b) proposes a discrete-event plant model and a specification; (c) outlines a controller synthesis procedure; (d) gives instructions on how to run the controller with the plant simulation in closed-loop configuration. The overall set-up was motivated by an in-house benchmark, originally proposed by Jan Richter, Siemens AG, 2012. Back than it was agreed that the simulator should be made freely available. The main purpose of this report is to document the technological set-up and to invite the interested reader to develop and evaluate alternative control strategies. This report is a follow-up on (Wittmann, 2012). It may receive updates/improvements in due course, please contact us for an up-to-date revision.
The epistemic culture in an online citizen science project: Programs, antiprograms and epistemic subjects

In the past decade, some areas of science have begun turning to masses of online volunteers through open calls for generating and classifying very large sets of data. The purpose of this study is to investigate the epistemic culture of a large-scale online citizen science project, the Galaxy Zoo, that turns to volunteers for the classification of images of galaxies. For this task, we chose to apply the concepts of programs and antiprograms to examine the ‘essential tensions’ that arise in relation to the mobilizing values of a citizen science project and the epistemic subjects and cultures that are enacted by its volunteers. Our premise is that these tensions reveal central features of the epistemic subjects and distributed cognition of epistemic cultures in these large-scale citizen science projects.
Introducing parameters of linear function at undergraduate level: use of geogebra

Received in revised form: Accepted: 08 July 2013 The newly founded universities increase the number of high school graduates taking a seat in a university class. Among them the ones who are not well prepared in mathematics, mostly in the social sciences students, face learning difficulties in the first year mathematics course at undergraduate level. The notion of the function which is the foundation of the first year undergraduate mathematics course is a difficult part of mathematics curriculum especially for the under risk new students of social sciences. To overcome the problem, an intervention is applied in the course as Geogebra creating visual learning environment. Teaching of function is organized with the method of contextual teaching and learning (CTL) by using the REACT strategy. The instruction is started with the Relating, the first step of strategy, to reach each student’s background to relate it with their daily life. Critical Incident Questionnaire (CIQ) is used to get students’ reflection about the lecture and has used the reflections, especially the ones who see the point of relating, to form the sample group of the study. The activity including geogebra is developed to apply second step of strategy as Experiencing. The task is organized as to investigate the effects of change in the parameters of a linear function. After analysing research documents, findings reveal that students have benefits from two important words as visual and concrete in dealing with Geogebra as a member of Dynamic and Interactive Mathematics Learning Environments (DIMLE).
Microscopic Dynamics and the Second Law of Thermodynamics

This paper considers the origin of the thermodynamic behaviour captured by the second law of thermodynamics. It is rst shown the Gibbs de nition of entropy is the unique de nition for both equilibrium and non-equilibrium situations when entropy is an extensive quantity. It is then demonstrated that the invertible microscopically formulated physical laws are incapable of explaining the second law of thermodynamics. A necessary and suÆcient condition to derive the second law of thermodynamics is that we have exact dynamics at the microscopic level. Since there is no currently known physical law that displays exact dynamics, this result suggests at least two possibilities: (1) Either the microscopic laws of physics are incorrectly formulated; or (2) There is another process operating in concert with the microscopic laws to produce exact dynamics and second law behaviour. The latter possibility is explored by looking at coarse graining, the e ects of noise, and the taking of a trace. All three are rejected as likely bases for the second law of thermodynamics. Published in \Time's Arrows, Quantum Measurement and Superluminal Behavior" (eds. C. Mugnai, A. Ranfagni, L.S. Schulman) (2001), Consiglio Nazionale Delle Ricerche (Roma), pp. 49{65 Corresponding author [tel: (514) 398-4336; fax: (514) 398-7452; e-mail mackey@cnd.mcgill. ca; 3655 Drummond Street, Room 1124, Montreal, Quebec, CANADA H3G 1Y6]
Polymorphism in rs 2229783 of the Alpha 1 ( XI ) Collagen Gene Is Associated with Susceptibility to but not Severity of Kashin-Beck Disease in a Northwest Chinese Han Population

doi: 10.3967/bes2018.042 This research was supported by grants from the National Natural Science Foundation of China [No. 81273007; No. 81620108026]. 1. Department of Pediatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Medical Collage of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710061, Shaanxi, China; 2. School of Public Health, Health Science Center, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Key Laboratory of Environment and Gene Related Diseases of Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Trace Elements and Endemic Diseases of Ministry of Health, Xi’an 710061, Shaanxi, China; 3. Department of Emergency, The First Affiliated Hospital of Medical Collage of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710061, Shaanxi, China Letter to the Editor
Rationale, Implementation and Evaluation of Assistive Strategies for an Active Back-Support Exoskeleton

Active exoskeletons are potentially more effective and versatile than passive ones, but designing them poses a number of additional challenges. An important open challenge in the field is associated to the assistive strategy, by which the actuation forces are modulated to the user’s needs during the physical activity. This paper addresses this challenge on an active exoskeleton prototype aimed at reducing compressive low-back loads, associated to risk of musculoskeletal injury during manual material handling (i.e., repeatedly lifting objects). An analysis of the biomechanics of the physical task reveals two key factors that determine low-back loads. For each factor, a suitable control strategy for the exoskeleton is implemented. The first strategy is based on user posture and modulates the assistance to support the wearer’s own upper body. The second one adapts to the mass of the lifted object and is a practical implementation of electromyographic control. A third strategy is devised as a generalized combination of the first two. With these strategies, the proposed exoskeleton can quickly adjust to different task conditions (which makes it versatile compared to using multiple, task-specific, devices) as well as to individual preference (which promotes user acceptance). Additionally, the presented implementation is potentially applicable to more powerful exoskeletons, capable of generating larger forces. The different strategies are implemented on the exoskeleton and tested on 11 participants in an experiment reproducing the lifting task. The resulting data highlights that the strategies modulate the assistance as intended by design, i.e., they effectively adjust the commanded assistive torque during operation based on user posture and external mass. The experiment also provides evidence of significant reduction in muscular activity at the lumbar spine (around 30%) associated to using the exoskeleton. The reduction is well in line with previous literature and may be associated to lower risk of injury.
Distance metric learning: a two-phase approach

Distance metric learning has been successfully incorporated in many machine learning applications. The main challenge arises from the positive semideﬁniteness constraint on the Mahalanobis matrix, which results in a high computational cost. In this paper, we develop a novel approach to reduce this computational burden. We ﬁrst map each training example into a new space by an orthonormal transformation. Then, in the transformed space, we simply learn a diagonal matrix. This two-phase approach is thus much easier and less costly than learning a full Mahalanobis matrix in one phase as is commonly done.
Hybrid particle swarm optimization of electricity market participation portfolio

This paper proposes a novel hybrid particle swarm optimization methodology to solve the problem of optimal participation in multiple electricity markets. The decision time is usually very important when planning the participation in electricity markets. This environment is characterized by the time available to take action, since different electricity markets have specific rules, which requires participants to be able to adapt and plan their decisions in a short time. Using metaheuristic optimization, participants' time problems can be resolved, because these methods enable problems to be solved in a short time and with good results. This paper proposes a hybrid resolution method, which is based on the particle swarm optimization metaheuristic. An exact mathematical method, which solves a simplified, linearized, version of the problem, is used to generate the initial solution for the metaheuristic approach, with the objective of improving the quality of results without representing a significant increase of the execution time.
Rumor spreading considering the herd mentality mechanism

In real life, people usually have a herd mentality. This paper studies the influence of herd mentality mechanism on the dynamical behaviors of rumor spreading, and proposes a novel susceptible-infected-removed (SIR) model. Based on the mean-field theory, both the critical threshold of the homogeneous networks and the final rumor size are investigated. Theoretical analysis and numerical simulation show that the existence of herd mentality mechanism obviously reduces the network critical threshold, but increases the final rumor size. It is also found that when considering the impact of herd mentality mechanism, the propagation velocity of a rumor on the networks increases significantly, which relatively shortens the time that the rumor spreading research a steady state. In addition, we show that the network parameters can still have a greater influence on the propagation characteristics of a rumor.
Acid-insoluble ash as a marker in digestibility studies: a review

The use of markers to determine digestibility of feeds overcomes the need to make exact measurements of feed intake and total faecal output in the traditional total collection method. Although several external and internal markers have been evaluated through the years, a marker that satisfies all the criteria of an ideal marker is yet to be found. This review describes the use of acid-insoluble ash (AIA) as a marker in digestibility studies. Three variations of the original gravimetrically method, based on burning of organic matter in the sample by ashing, boiling in hydrochloric acid, and re-ashing, are commonly used to determine AIA contents. A summary of the recovery rate of AIA determined in several species with different diets presented a mean around 100 %. Of 45 studies where the AIA method was compared to the total collection method to determine digestibility of feeds in different species, 26 showed similar results, 9 an underestimation by the AIA method, and 10 an overestimation. No significant diurnal or daily variation in faecal AIA has been found in poultry, sheep, pigs, or cattle. Analytical error could be described as the most common reason for failure when using AIA as marker, especially in feeds with low natural AIA content. It is concluded that AIA presents a reliable marker with several advantages that could be successfully utilize to determine faecal digestibility in animal species under certain circumstances, and with the application of some precautions.
Towards real-time surface tracking and motion compensation integration for robotic surgery

The ability to negate tissue motion without complex physical constraints would greatly stabilize and benefit surgical operations involving frequent movements. Examples include beating heart surgery, procedures where respiration causes tissue movement, and in the case of physically unstable operating environments such as a battlefield, moving vehicle, underwater or space station. A calibrated stereo camera measures the 3-D position of an object with relation to any known frame, and subsequently its motion. Furthermore, modern stereo camera pairs can be packaged in small form factors, making them more amenable to physically constrained workspaces. In this work, a method for tracking physically simulated tissue motion was developed and analyzed to be implemented with the RAVEN IITM1 surgical research robot for tissue motion compensation. Results are promising and reveal insights regarding tracking algorithm optimization, hardware limits, and are encouraging to extending this work to real-time with the incorporation of adequate computer hardware.
A Taxonomy for the Security Assessment of IP-Based Building Automation Systems: The Case of Thread

Motivated by the proliferation of wireless building automation systems (BAS) and increasing security-awareness among BAS operators, in this paper, we propose a taxonomy for the security assessment of BASs. We apply the proposed taxonomy to Thread, an emerging native IP-based protocol for BAS. Our analysis reveals a number of potential weaknesses in the design of Thread. We propose potential solutions for mitigating several identified weaknesses and discuss their efficacy. We also provide suggestions for improvements in future versions of the standard. Overall, our analysis shows that Thread has a well-designed security control for the targeted use case, making it a promising candidate for communication in next generation BASs.
Design of low noise amplifier for sensor applications

This paper presents a comparative study of different existing Low Noise Amplifier (LNA) for Low frequency sensor application. The focus of this paper is on conditioning low frequency sensor signal like for biomedical signal acquisition, seismic wave alertness system etc, the design is more concentrated on some applications like seismic detection, where unpredictability and unknown nature of seismic signal is a concerned factor. The Differential Difference Amplifier(DDA) architecture discussed here may be suitable for micro power sensor interface in scaled CMOS Technology.
Interaction Between Morphology and Habitat Use: A Large-Scale Approach in Tropidurinae Lizards

Abstract Habitat use can be used to predict morphological proportions among lizard species, building links between form and function. Among the Tropidurinae, a species-rich clade of lizards, these ecomorphological relations have not been studied for all the genera, and previous work still leaves some important gaps within this topic. In this study, a large-scale ecomorphological assessment of 10 genera found within this clade was performed with respect to habitat use categories. The results of a multivariate analysis that considered 14 morphological traits showed that Stenocercus was the most morphologically diverse genus within this clade. Tropidurus was the genus that showed a greater diversity of specialized species regarding habitat use, showing representative species for each category and the respective specialized morphologies; however, this apparent diversity was limited in general terms and appeared to be restrained by evolutionary history. Further analyses in a phylogenetic context showed that the effect of habitat use was not strong enough to explain the morphological diversity of the Tropidurinae. Finally, a phylogenetic signal test showed that all individual traits were dependent on evolutionary history; additionally, the limb traits exhibited a stronger phylogenetic influence than the rest of the traits. The Tropidurinae were found to be a morphologically diverse group of lizards where the influence of habitat use on the morphology seems to be constrained by specific morphological limits imposed by the evolutionary history of each genus. Further studies are needed to assess the effect of habitat use in the morphology within each separate genus of this clade, especially for those for which information is scarce.
Coil Excited Pseudo Direct Drive Electrical Machines

A pseudo direct drive (PDD) equipped with a coil-excited high-speed (HS) rotor is presented. An analytical model which predicts the flux density in the air spaces and the permanent magnets (PMs) of the PDD is presented, and it is shown that good agreement exists between the analytical and finite-element predictions. Furthermore, the model is employed to investigate the effects of the key design parameters on the performance of a coil-excited PDD for a 10-MW wind turbine application, and an optimized design is proposed. It is shown that shear stress in excess of 100 kPa can be achieved, and that compared with a PM-excited PDD, a reduction in PM mass can be realized. It is also shown that the efficiency over the operating range of the wind turbine can be maximized by adopting an appropriate control strategy of the HS rotor excitation currents.
MicroRNA-34 a inhibits proliferation and stimulates apoptosis in human keratinocyte through activation of Smac-mediated mitochondrial apoptotic pathway : a potential therapeutic target for psoriasis

This study aimed to investigate the effects of miR-34a and the possible underlying molecular mechanisms on human keratinocyte cell (HaCaT) proliferation and apoptosis. We used keratinocyte growth factor (KGF) to induce HaCaT cell proliferation. Then, HaCaT cells were transfected with miR-34a mimic, si-miR-34a, and control (siNC). The cell proliferative and invasive capacities were determined using a 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2, 5-diphenyl-2Htetrazolium bromide (MTT) colorimetric assay and a Matrigel invasion chamber assay, respectively. Cells apoptosis was detected by Annexin V-FITC/PI Kit. Besides, the expression changes in Smac-mediated mitochondrial apoptotic pathway key proteins were measured by Western blot analysis. These key proteins included antiapoptotic protein (Bcl-2) and pro-apoptotic proteins (Cyt C, cleaved/pro-caspase-3, and cleaved/pro-caspase-9). HaCaT cell proliferation increased with increase in the concentration of KGF, with maximum proliferation at 20 ng/mL concentration (P<0.01). miR-34a overexpression significantly suppressed HaCaT cell proliferation (P<0.05) and increased apoptosis (P<0.05). Moreover, miR-34a overexpression significantly down-regulated the expression of Bcl-2 (P<0.05), and up-regulated the expression of Cyt C (P<0.01), cleaved-caspase-3 (P<0.01), and cleavedcaspase-9 (P<0.05). However, the effects of miR-34a suppression on HaCaT cells proliferation, apoptosis and on these four protein expressions were completely opposite to those found out in miR-34a overexpression. miR-34a overexpression inhibits human keratinocyte (HaCaT cells) proliferation and induces apoptosis through activation of Smac-mediated mitochondrial apoptotic pathway. Therefore, miR-34a might be used as a therapeutic target for treating psoriasis.
Methanogenic Activity and Repression of Hydrogen Sulfide Evolved During High Rate Thermophilic Methane Fermentation of Municipal Solid Waste

High rate thermophilic methane fermentation using a gas circulation-type reactor was explored for its potential to reduce the volume of and make beneficial use of municipal solid waste (MSW) . Treatment without addition of mineral nutrients allowed for a maximum TS volumetric loading rate of only 1 g/l⋅d. However, with addition of mineral nutrients, a high TS volumetric loading rate of 8 g/l⋅d was achieved. At a TS loadingrate of 1 g/l⋅d, the methanogenic activity with addition of mineral nutrients was 4-fold higher than that without mineral nutrients. The concentrations of coenzymes F430 and corrinoids were 0.12 μmol/g-VSS and 0.07 μmol/g-VSS, respectively, at a TS volumetric loading rate of 8 g/l⋅d. Carbon recovery at each TS volumetric loading was nearly 100%, and about 50% of the carbon in raw waste was converted to methane gas. The degradation efficiency of lipid, protein, holocellulose and lignin were 90.7%, 59.4%, 91.9% and 66.0%, respectively. To repress the evolution of hydrogen sulfide, air was supplied to the anaerobic reactor, by which the concentration of hydrogen sulfide in biogas was reduced nearly 100% when air at 7.5% of the amount of evolved biogas was used.