Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Human Ovarian carcinoma microarray data analysis based on Support Vector Machines with different kernel functions

According to the statistics from the Department of Health, occurrence rate and mortality rate of ovarian cancer are both ranked in the top ten in Taiwan. Moreover, the mortality rate of ovarian cancer is at the first place among gynecologic cancer. In this research, we use ovarian cancer gene chip as the base of database analysis in order to solve the problems such as large number of gene chip variables, insufficient number of samples. This research use a gene chip database which contains 9,600 ovarian DNA expressions from 41 samples. Then we use linear regression and variance analysis (ANOVA) for data pre-processing for the purpose of lowering the number of genes and find the most valuable genes. Finally the information database is examined and classified by Support Vector Machine (SVM), and conduct the comparison of different results of Kernel Function. Our research discovers that the SVM has considerably fine effect in classification and when different Kernel Function appears, the results will change too. At last we have discussion of the final result for identifying the most precise and efficient Kernel Function. Keywords-ovarian cancer; gene chip; linear regression; ANOVA; SVM
A SURVEY ON THE USE OF VOCABULARY LEARNING STRATEGIES BY ELT AND ELL STUDENTS OF DUHOK UNIVERSITY IN KURDISTAN Wisam

This study aims to examine the use of vocabulary learning strategies (VLSs) by the English language teaching (ELT) and English language and literature (ELL) students as well as the impact of gender and grade levels on the use of learning strategies. A five Likert scale questionnaire, consisting of 36 items was classified under four strategy categories was administrated to 466 participants from the Duhok University. The Statistical Package of Social Science (SPSS, version 20) was used to analyse the obtained data. The results of the descriptive statistics showed that Duhok university students were medium strategy users. The study also found that the cognitive strategies were the most popular strategies among the learners. Social strategies were found to be the least preferred strategies. The results of the t-test showed that in general, the scores of female learners regarding the use of VLSs were slightly higher than male learners. Moreover, ELT learners were found to be more strategy users than ELL learners. The results of ANOVA revealed significant differences regarding the use of VLSs and grade levels.
Proposal for identifying teamwork roles in software engineering through the construction of a virtual rube goldberg machine

One of the most important factors in teamwork is the integration of the people who compose it because is strongly linked to the level of cohesion and team performance. Therefore the activities to integrate it are very important because they allow building and strengthening both the personal and professional relationships among the team members. Nowadays there is a great variety of activities to carry out the integration of a team that aims to improve communication coordination and teamwork. These activities are a very important support for improving the teamwork regardless the area where the team carries out its activities. In this context this paper presents a proposal to carry out the identification of teamwork roles for a software development team based on building a Rube Goldberg machine and the activities carried out in TSPi methodology toward the integration of a team.
Research & Design in Shifting from Analog to Digital

ACADIA 2007 In this paper we track the evolution of computational design from its analog origins to its contemporary digital regime. Our long term goal is to qualify and quantify the implications of digital computation on design thinking and its infl uence on the architectural practice. Meanwhile, we present the results of our past few years of collaborative research in design and computation that illustrate the nature of the intellectual engagement required for appreciating the potential of digital design thinking and making. In a temporal frame, these results are expressed as a constellation of punctuated innovations emerging sporadically during the painstaking process of tackling architectural problems using digital means. In the long run, they hopefullyamount to an approach to fl eshing out a paradigm shift from analog to digital and building a knowledge foundation of architectural methods. Research & Design in Shifting from Analog to Digital
A STUDY ON THE DETECTION PERFORMANCE OF MULTI-AXIAL DETECTION OF PVDF FIBER EMBEDDED SMART POLYMER STRUCTURES

In this study, the PVDF fiber embedded PDMS structure was developed as the flexible tactile sensor for detecting the multi-axial loads. Several methods to arrange the PVDF fibers in the PDMS were considered. Electric signals from PVDF fibers were measured with respect to the arrangement methods under multi axial loads. To investigate the performance of various designs of the PVDF fiber embedded PDMS structure, finite element analyses were conducted. Experimental results were also observed in the finite element analyses.
The growing problem of patent trolling

Cash-hungry patent trolls are squelching innovation—and should be screened out The last decade has seen a sharp rise in patent litigation in the United States; 2015 has one of the highest patent lawsuit counts on record (1). In theory, this could reflect growth in commercialization of technology and innovation—lawsuits increase as more firms turn to intellectual property (IP) protection to safeguard their competitive advantages. However, the majority of recent patent litigation is driven by nonpracticing entities (NPEs), firms that generate no products but amass patent portfolios for the sake of “enforcing” IP rights (2). We discuss new, large-sample evidence adding to a growing literature (3–7) that suggests that NPEs—in particular, large patent aggregators—on average, act as “patent trolls,” suing cash-rich firms seemingly irrespective of actual patent infringement. This has a negative impact on innovation activity at targeted firms. These results suggest a need to change U.S. IP policy, particularly to screen out trolling early in the litigation process.
Role of MYC-regulated long noncoding RNAs in cell cycle regulation and tumorigenesis.

BACKGROUND The functions of long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) have been identified in several cancers, but the roles of lncRNAs in colorectal cancer (CRC) are less well understood. The transcription factor MYC is known to regulate lncRNAs and has been implicated in cancer cell proliferation and tumorigenesis. METHODS CRC cells and tissues were profiled to identify lncRNAs differentially expressed in CRC, from which we further selected MYC-regulated lncRNAs. We used luciferase promoter assay, ChIP, RNA pull-down assay, deletion mapping assay, LC-MS/MS and RNA immunoprecipitation to determine the mechanisms of MYC regulation of lncRNAs. Moreover, soft agar assay and in vivo xenograft experiments (four athymic nude mice per group) provided evidence of MYC-regulated lncRNAs in cancer cell transformation and tumorigenesis. The Kaplan-Meier method was used for survival analyses. All statistical tests were two-sided. RESULTS We identified lncRNAs differentially expressed in CRC (P < .05, greater than two-fold) and verified four lncRNAs upregulated and two downregulated in CRC cells and tissues. We further identified MYC-regulated lncRNAs, named MYCLos. The MYC-regulated MYCLos may function in cell proliferation and cell cycle by regulating MYC target genes such as CDKN1A (p21) and CDKN2B (p15), suggesting new regulatory mechanisms of MYC-repressed target genes through lncRNAs. RNA binding proteins including HuR and hnRNPK are involved in the function of MYCLos by interacting with MYCLo-1 and MYCLo-2, respectively. Knockdown experiments also showed that MYCLo-2, differentially expressed not only in CRC but also in prostate cancer, has a role in cancer transformation and tumorigenesis. CONCLUSIONS Our results provide novel regulatory mechanisms in MYC function through lncRNAs and new potential lncRNA targets of CRC.
The epidemiology of peri-implantitis.

AIM To review the literature on the prevalence and incidence of peri-implantitis. METHODS Out of 322 potentially relevant publications we identified 29 articles concerning 23 studies, with information on the presence of signs of peri-implantitis in populations of at least 20 cases. RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS All studies provided data from convenience samples, typically from patients who were treated in a clinical center during a certain period, and most data were cross-sectional or collected retrospectively. Based on the reviewed papers one may state that the prevalence of peri-implantitis seems to be in the order of 10% implants and 20% patients during 5-10 years after implant placement but the individual reported figures are rather variable, not easily comparable and not suitable for meta-analysis. Factors that should be considered to affect prevalence figures are the disease definition, the differential diagnosis, the chosen thresholds for probing depths and bone loss, differences in treatment methods and aftercare of patients, and dissimilarities in the composition of study populations. Smoking and a history of periodontitis have been associated with a higher prevalence of peri-implantitis.
Effect of Ascorbic Acid and Acetyl Salicylic Acid on the Quality and Vase Life of Cut Flowers Gladiolus ( Gladiolus persicus )

Salicylic acid (SA) belongs to phenolic compound and is an endogenous growth regulator which participates in regulation of physiological processes in plants such as seed germination, fruit yield, glycolysis, flowering and heat production in thermo genic plants. Gladiolus is prized by florists for their showy flower spikes, and by growers for their relative ease of production. Like other flowers with spike inflorescences, gladiolus is normally harvested with relatively few open florets, and the life of the flower is a function both of the life of individual florets, and of the postharvest expansion and opening of the buds remaining on the spike. To evaluate the effect of ascorbic acid and acetyl salicylic acid on the quality and vase life of cut flowers gladiolus (Gladiolus persicus), this experiment as factorial in a randomized complete block design with four replications has been conducted. Ascorbic acid in concentrations of 0, 2, 4 and 6 mM as the first factor and salicylic acid in concentrations of 0, 50, 100 and 150 mg per liter were considered as the second factor. Analysis of variance showed that the effect of salicylic acid and ascorbic acid on all characteristics was significant.
SLIDING MODE ROBOT CONTROLLER PARAMETER TUNING WITH GENETIC ALGORITHMS AND FUZZY LOGIC

Sliding Mode Controllers (SMC) possess robustness properties under parameter uncertainties. Usually, a Lyapunov based controller design with a switching control signal constitutes the backbone of robustness. However, the ideally zero switching time of the controller output cannot be achieved in digital implementation. This causes a phenomenon called chattering – high frequency oscillations observed in systems state variables. Chattering also shows itself as high amplitude oscillatory behavior in the control signal. A chattering actuator output is not favorable for many plants, including robot manipulators driven by actuator torques. This problem is traditionally solved by smoothing the switching control output, deviating from the original mathematical foundations robustness. Over-smoothing causes performance deterioration, while too limited smoothing action may lead to the wear of the mechanical system components. This motivates the exploration of automatic tuning approaches which consider chattering and performance simultaneously. This thesis proposes two SMC smoothing and parameter tuning methods with soft computing (SC) methodologies. The first method is based on Genetic Algorithms (GA). SMC controller parameters, including the ones governing the smoothing action are tuned off-line by evolutionary computing. A measure is employed to assess the instantaneous level of chattering. The
Extreme Designing: Proposal for the transfer of concepts from the agile development to the architectural design process

Obviously, design collaboration, the design process, and its methods are strongly interdependent. In order do understand collaborative processes and their requirements, methods of design process are focused prelimarly. After the hype during the last decades collaborative design seems to remain in a selfcentred discourse with little concrete application outside the academic world, while in the same time collaboration is omnipresent in conventional architectural design. Interestingly, the initiation of the so called agile methods in software design were initiated by new tools and paradigms in software design and on the other hand defective conditions in the collaborative process, corresponding widely to the challenges of the architectural design process. This paper opposes principles of software development to the architect’s approach to (early) design. Subsequently some implications for the extension of (collaborative) design tools are suggested.
Evaluation of RapEsEEd (Brassica napus l.) CultivaRs foR REsistanCE against WatER dEfiCit stREss

SHirAni rAd, A. H. and A. AbbASiAn and H. AminpAnAH, 2013. Evaluation of rapeseed (Brassica napus l.) cultivars for resistance against water deficit stress. Bulg. J. Agric. Sci., 19: 266-273 Among abiotic stresses, drought stress is one of the most serious detrimental factors affecting the growth and production of the oil seed canola plant (Brassica napus L.) in arid and semi arid regions worldwide particularly Iran. Identification of crop cultivars tolerant to drought stress will allow more extensive use of lands characterized as marginal because of water shortage in arid and semi-arid areas. To evaluate the effects of water deficit stress on some qualitative and quantitative characteristics of canola cultivars, this experiment in a field trial carried out as a split-plot design based on randomized complete block design (rCbd) with four replications at the experimental farm of Seed and plant improvement institute, Karaj, iran. Tow irrigation levels were applied in main plots and subplots, which consisted of split application of cultivars at 23 levels. Cultivars differed significantly with respect to seed yield. Zarfam and Elvice cultivars under stress condition had the lowest seed yields. The percent reductions at recommended cultivars were 5.51% for Elvice and 11.04 % for Zarfam, in plants grown in stress as compared to control. Overall, the results of this study suggested that, Zarfam and Elvice cultivars would be important for breeding programs designed for water-stress environments and in identifying drought-tolerant lines under arid and semi-arid conditions.
Quasicrystal Structure Inspired Spatial Tessellation in Generative Design

Quasicrystal structure is a kind of quasiperiodic spatial tessellation formed by several kinds of tiles. Compared with periodic or other aperiodic tiling, it shows superiorities but also drawbacks when used for generative design. It can generate attractive and irregular novel forms with controllable cost for construction, but its strict rules restrict its variety. To cover the disadvantages of these tessellations without diminishing their advantages, a new kind of spatial tessellation, named as Periodic-to-Aperiodic (P-A) Tiling is proposed in this paper with a series of installation design cases, inspired by the primary principles and architectural applications of quasicrystal structure.
Ecological and Evolutionary Interactions in Syntrophic Methanogenic Consortia

In natural and engineered ecosystems, diverse species of microbes coexist and interact, resulting in the emergence of community functions. Since microbes have evolved under such circumstances, it is reasonable to deduce that they have acquired strategies for specific interspecies interactions in complex microbial communities. In this review, we discuss the ecological and evolutionary interactions in syntrophic methanogenic consortia comprised of organic acid-oxidizing bacteria and methanogenic archaea. These microbes are known to exhibit mutual interactions (syntrophy), although the molecular mechanisms underlying these sophisticated partnerships have only just been discovered. In addition, recent genomic studies have provided insights into evolutionary interactions among members of methanogenic consortia, from which a novel concept termed “niche-associated evolution” has been proposed for interpreting how specialists evolve in a biological community. We suggest that microbial interspecies interactions are much more complex and sophisticated than hitherto realized and pivotal to the development and functioning of microbial communities.
Mechanisms for Plasmid Maintenance

Modern sequencing and manufacturing techniques have made it possible to design and encode specific functions in to DNA. This allows the manufacture of complex genetic circuitry for use in a therapeutic setting. One of the current methods of introducing such circuits in to an animal is by implementing the circuit on a plasmid and transforming bacteria with that plasmid. The bacteria are then introduced to the animal and the bacterial machinery will carry out the processes encoded on the plasmid. A primary concern when using this method is the loss of plasmids from the bacterial population, due primarily to competition from plasmid-free bacteria. Currently, an antibiotic resistance gene is placed on the plasmid and antibiotics are used in the environment in order to kill bacteria that lack the plasmid. Evidently, in a medical setting it is not appropriate to keep a patient on an antibiotics regime if it can be avoided. To that end, we build a modelling system in which one can observe how plasmid maintenance is affected by altering the various mechanisms which may control it. Further, we outline a toxin-antitoxin system which may prove to be an effective mechanism to control the growth of plasmid-free bacteria.
Clinical implications of differentiating between types of post-tracheostomy tracheal stenosis.

Background Post-tracheostomy tracheal stenosis (PTTS) can be divided into four types according to stenosis mechanism and site: subglottic, stoma, cuff, and tip granuloma. However, there is little information available regarding clinical differences among types of PTTS; therefore, we evaluated the clinical differences between these types. Methods We retrospectively evaluated 99 PTTS patients who underwent interventional bronchoscopy between 2004 and 2014. Patients were divided into two groups according to pathophysiological similarities as follows: subglottic or stoma type (n=59) and cuff or tip type (n=40). Results There were no differences in baseline characteristics between groups. However, silicone stents were more frequently needed in patients with subglottic or stoma type stenosis (76%) than those with cuff or tip type stenosis (55%, P=0.031) to maintain airway patency. On the contrary, permanent tracheostomy was more frequently performed in patients with cuff or tip type stenosis (50%) than those with subglottic or stoma type stenosis (19%, P=0.002). Finally, successful removal of the tracheostomy tube without surgery and procedure- or disease-related mortality were more frequently achieved in patients with subglottic or stoma type stenosis (71%) than those with cuff or tip type stenosis (45%, P=0.012). Conclusions Although there were no significant differences in baseline characteristics between PTTS types, patients with subglottic or stoma type stenosis had more favorable outcomes than those with cuff or tip type stenosis. Therefore, it could be important to distinguish between types of PTTS when assessing prognosis.
Circular economy: a commentary from the perspectives of the natural and social sciences

This commentary by the EASAC primarily examines the proposed benefits and potential enabling policies of the circular economy. A broad range of sources is used to recognize gaps and inadequacies in proposed benefits and policies in order to foster a substantial discussion among stakeholders as to how to proceed in the transition process. The study also examines barriers and indicators and comments on their nature and efficacy respectively. Furthermore, the commentary provides advice regarding avoidance of barriers and the use of proper indicators.
Comparison of relative binding affinities of endocrine active compounds to fathead minnow and rainbow trout estrogen receptors

Twelve chemicals were tested for binding affinity to rainbow trout liver estrogen receptor (rbtER) and fathead minnow liver ER (fhmER). The chemicals included estradiol (E2), diethylstilbestrol (DES), ethinylestradiol (EE2), estrone (E1), estriol, tamoxifen (TAM), genistein (GEN), p‐nonylphenol (PNP), p‐tert‐octylphenol (PTOP), methoxychlor (MXC), testosterone, and methyltestosterone (MT). Relative binding affinity (RBA) was calculated for each chemical as a function of E2 binding to the receptor. The estrogens DES, EE2, and E1 bound with high affinity to both receptors, with respective RBAs of 583, 166, and 28% (fathead minnow) and 179, 89, and 5% (rainbow trout). Relative binding affinity of E3, TAM, and GEN for both fhmER and rbtER were moderate, with values between 0.3 and 5%. The alkylphenols had weak affinity for the ERs with RBAs for the fhmER of 0.1 and 0.01 for PNP and PTOP, respectively. Corresponding values for the rbtER are 0.027 and 0.009. Estradiol ([3H]E2) only partially was displaced from both the fhmER and the rbtER by MXC, T, and MT. Comparison of RBAs of the chemicals tested for fhmER and rbtER indicates that the rank order of RBAs essentially are the same for both species.
Changing Subcellular Distribution and Activity-Dependent Utilization of a Dendritically Localized mRNA in Developing Purkinje Cells

In cerebellar Purkinje neurons, the degree of dendritic segregation of the Purkinje cell-specific mRNA L7/pcp-2 is correlated with their development and synaptic investment. This developmental pattern is also observed in Purkinje cells in primary dissociated culture. Short-term (12-48 h) stimulation of cultured Purkinje cells by potassium-induced depolarization or blockade of their inhibitory GABAergic input results in an increased incidence of Purkinje cells with L7/pcp-2 mRNA-positive dendrites and increased levels of L7 protein expression, the latter by a posttranscriptional mechanism. None of these treatments affected the localization of the mRNA encoding calbindin D28k nor the level of this protein in Purkinje neurons. Protracted exposure to depolarizing levels of potassium or elimination of GABAergic transmission resulted in conspicuous changes of Purkinje cell dendritic morphology. These data suggest a scenario in which activity-driven translation of subcellularly segregated mRNAs may contribute to the developmental and functional plasticity of nerve cells.
The Quadrature LC Oscillator: A Complete Portrait Based on Injection Locking

We show that the quadrature LC oscillator is best treated as two strongly coupled, nominally identical oscillators that are locked to the same frequency. Differential equations that extend Adler's description of locking to strong injection reveal the full dynamics of this circuit. With a simplifying insight, the analysis reveals all the modes of the oscillator, their stability, the effects of mismatch on quadrature phase accuracy, and through a novel use of the analysis, phase noise.