Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Les Hyménoptères parasitoïdes oophages de Nouvelle-Calédonie, présents notamment sur les plantes cultivées

Les hymenopteres parasitoides oophages ont fait l’objet d’un premier inventaire dans l’ensemble du territoire francais de Nouvelle-Caledonie en 2006. Celui-ci a ete effectue a partir de la recolte d’œufs d’insectes sur des plantes tres diverses puis de la collecte d’eventuels parasitoides emerges de ces œufs au laboratoire. Des especes oophages appartenant a trois familles ont ete obtenues et identifiees. Parmi celles-ci, nous avons denombre un genre nouveau et quatre especes nouvelles pour le territoire.
Caracterización molecular de materiales Dura

The main objective of every genetic breeding program is to increase production and enhance quality. By selecting outstanding genotypes that will adapt to new ecological zones, resistant to adverse conditions and that possess favorable genes, according to the crop's necessities. In order to achieve these improvements, it is essential to know the genetic variability of the materials available. This is why, in order to plan crossings, RAPD (Randomly Amplified Polymorphism in the DNA) as well as AFLP (Polymorphism in the Longitude of the Amplified Fragments) type molecular markers are being used as an additional tool to the individual production registry and of vegetative measures of 126 Dura palms from the Promociones Agropecuarias Monterrey plantation, selected due to their phenotypic characteristics, outstanding as far as yield components, tolerance to pests and low transportation charges, compared to others from the same batch. The efficiency of these markers consists in that they relate with the plant's genotype and offer new possibilities such as a better characterization of the materials, the selection of a principal collection and the identification of duplicates or materials which are genetically very similar. In order to choose the baits that will generate RAPD type markers, work was carried out with two materials from each batch and they were evaluated with 137 baits, identified as polymorphic in previous studies. Finally, 12 baits were chosen which generated the best bands and they were amplified with the entire population. As a result, a dendrogram was obtained, starting from RAPD, in which the distribution of the materials can be seen, based on their genetic similarity coefficients, in order to determine which ones are more related among each other and subsequently compare them with their agromorphological data. The work done with AFLP is only valid with partial information that is why no conclusive results are given out yet.
Receptor Regulation of Volume-Sensitive Osmolyte Efflux from Neural Cells.

Cell volume regulation is a homeostatic imperative in the brain due to the restrictions of the skull. To counteract an osmolarity disturbance and restore normal cell volume, neural cells initiate volume regulatory mechanism by modifying the concentration of their intracellular inorganic and organic osmolytes. This dissertation illustrates the important ability of GPCRs to potentiate osmolyte efflux in response to hypo-osmotic stress. I discovered that the addition of sub-nanomolar concentrations of thrombin, mediated via the activation of PAR-1 receptor, can robustly enhance the release of the organic osmolyte taurine, through the volume sensitive organic osmolyte and anion channel (VSOAC) from neuro-tumor cells in response to hypo-osmotic stress. Biochemical and pharmacological studies demonstrated that both intracellular Ca2+ and PKC are required for receptor-mediated, but not basal (swelling-induced), taurine release. The results indicated that activation of PAR-1 receptors by thrombin lowers the threshold osmolarity or “set-point” for osmolyte efflux, thereby facilitating the ability of cells to respond to small reductions in osmolarity. Receptor activation (PAR-1 and mAChR) also enhanced the release of the inorganic osmolyte, Cl- (125I- used as a tracer). The kinetics and magnitude of 125I- release were greater than those of taurine. However, both osmolytes showed similar pharmacological profiles in response to VSOAC inhibitors. Although receptor stimulated-taurine efflux was inhibited by depletion of intracellular Ca2+ and/or inhibition of PKC, 125I- efflux was either unaffected or less dependent upon these two parameters. This differential regulation of the osmolyte release suggests either the presence of separate but pharmacologically similar, efflux channels or, receptor-specific activation of distinct signal transduction pathways that differentially contribute to the release of taurine and 125I-, both of which are released through a common membrane channel. I also demonstrated that cholesterol depletion with methyl-s-cyclodextrin synergistically potentiated receptor-mediated taurine release. This stimulatory effect was not due to disruption of lipid rafts or changes in receptor signaling. Experiments with cholesterol analogs provided evidence that the potentiation by cholesterol depletion resulted from changes in the biophysical properties (fluidity) of the membrane. Together, this thesis provide new insight into mechanisms involved in the GPCR-regulation of osmolyte efflux following hypo-osmotic stress in neural cells.
A genomic study of soybean iron deficiency chlorosis

A genomic study of soybean iron deficiency chlorosis" (2008). Retrospective Theses and Dissertations. Paper 15824. To my parents, Tamia and Dennis, and my sisters, Kelly and Darcy. For always believing in and supporting my dreams and constantly inspiring me to be my best.
Immunoglobulin gene alterations in the progression of B cell lymphomas

Activation-induced cytidine deaminase (AID) is essential for somatic hypermutation and class switch recombination of the immunoglobulin (IG) genes in B cells. It has recently been proposed that AID, as the newly identified DNA mutator in man, may be instrumental in initiation and progression of B-cell non Hodgkin’s lymphomas (B-NHL). We quantitatively measured, by real time RT-PCR, expression of AID and of the error-prone DNA polymeraseι (iota) in normal B cells and a comprehensive panel of B-NHL entities. In preand postgerminal center (GC) type B-NHLs, like in normal naive and memory cells, AID did not exceed background levels. However, half of Burkitt lymphomas tested were found to express AID, at most at levels comparable to those found in normal GC B cells. Thirty percent of diffuse large B-cell lymphomas also transcribed AID, some at supra-physiological levels. Of follicular lymphoma (FL) cases, only twenty five percent expressed significant amounts of AID. Moreover, within the group of GC-type B-NHLs, a statistically significant correlation between AID and Polι expression was found. By contrast, we observed no correlation between AID expression and mutation load neither with the degree of intraclonal diversity of IG variable heavy chain genes. Interestingly, in 2 of 7 follicular lymphomas with clinical and histological progression, selective outgrowth of AID-expressing clones occurred, suggestive for a role of the somatic diversification machinery in lymphoma transformation.
Detecting and characterizing HIV-1 intraclade dual infection

Author(s): Pacold, Mary Elizabeth | Abstract: HIV-1 dual infection occurs when the same individual is infected by two different strains of HIV-1. Although the high prevalence of circulating and unique recombinant forms of HIV-1, which can only be generated in the setting of dual infection, indicates that dual infection is not rare, relatively few cases of it have been documented. Hypothesizing that existing methods to detect dual infection were insufficiently sensitive, we developed and validated a novel technique utilizing 454 ultra-deep sequencing to detect low minority viral populations. We then applied this method to determine the prevalence of dual infection in a well-characterized study cohort and investigated the identified dual infection cases for clinical, virologic, and immunologic correlates of dual infection. At approximately 40% of the cost and 20% of the laboratory and analysis time of previous methods, ultra- deep sequencing identified three times more dual infection cases than previously documented in this study cohort. Dually infected participants had significantly faster viral load increases than monoinfected controls and displayed multiple patterns of viral recombination and CTL escape
Embodied numeracy: explicating the ongoing relationship between finger counting and numeracy in adults

Finger counting is a very clear example of embodied cognition, as finger-number gestures form an external symbolic representation of numbers, while simultaneously existing as a culturally acquired motor behaviour, and even a type of communicative tool. Finger counting habits typically assist in the acquisition of early number concepts and in the development of arithmetic competence. Recent research now also shows that finger-related processes are longitudinally linked to numerical performance and continue to share overlap in their neural underpinnings well into adulthood. This work suggests that the mental representation of number magnitude is not entirely abstract, and is at least partly rooted in embodied experiences and situational demands, including those posed by culturally-acquired finger counting habits. This dissertation is an investigation of individual differences in the cross-cultural, intra-cultural, and contextual effects of finger counting on mathematical cognition. These investigations each converge on the idea that finger counting habits do influence cognitive processes related to numeracy. The starting hand, or hand typically used to start counting, appears to be a particularly important correlate of numerical performance among Canadians. However, the effects of finger counting processes on adults’ cognition do appear to vary as a function of participants’ typical culturally-acquired finger counting habits, as well as through experimental context. The ultimate goal of this program of research is to examine how individual differences in finger counting habits and early cultural experience may be used in order to construct more detailed models of embodied numeracy, which will improve our understanding of the scope of embodied numeracy.
Relationships between biodiversity and carbon dynamics in tropical forests

Biological diversity and ecosystem functions, such as the production of wood and the storage of carbon, are important ecological attributes, but how are they related? Tropical forests are the most diverse terrestrial ecosystems and key players in global carbon cycling, so preserving both functions are important conservation goals. Yet little is known about diversity–function relations here. I investigate tree diversity–function relations in African and South American old-growth tropical forests, using 323 forest plots (mostly 1-ha) from a pan-tropical network sampled using standardised techniques. I focus on aboveground biomass (AGB) and coarse woody production (AGWP). I develop methods to deal with issues that arise in calculating AGWP over long time-spans and in estimating diversity when only some individuals are identified. Diversity–function relations are assessed using two main approaches. Firstly, I use linear models to assess whether AGB and AGWP covary with diversity across large spatial extents. These models include climate and soil variables that may drive AGB and AGWP to statistically account for these, and filters to account for spatial autocorrelation. There is no evidence of a relationship between diversity and AGB. For AGWP, there is a positive relationship with genus and family-level diversity in South America, but not in Africa. Secondly, I investigate whether diversity is related to AGB or AGWP within the plots, thereby removing environmental differences among plots. Using mixed effects models on 0.04-ha subplots again shows AGB is unrelated to diversity. However, AGWP is positively associated with diversity in both continents, with a doubling of species richness increasing wood production by 11%. Taken together the results represent the first evidence of widespread positive diversity–productivity relations across the two largest tropical forest continents. The lack of positive association between diversity and biomass implies a trade-off between the conservation of tropical biodiversity and carbon storage.
Population‐level responses of stream macroinvertebrates to drying can be density‐independent or density‐dependent

Summary The frequency and intensity of droughts and stream drying are likely to increase with climate change, but how freshwater macroinvertebrate populations respond to such disturbances is poorly understood. Theory predicts that stochastic disturbances should generate density-independent mortality, but density dependence is possible if mortality arises indirectly through changes in consumer–resource dynamics, or if mortality is mediated by disturbance refugia. Empirical evidence for density-dependent or density-independent mortality in freshwater invertebrates is scarce, but important to predict how population sizes will alter with changing climate. In a stream mesocosm experiment, we tested whether short-term drying events (5–6 days) resulted in population losses of macroinvertebrates, and whether any losses were density-dependent or density-independent. On each of 10 replicate drying events over a year and over a naturally occurring range of invertebrate densities, we measured pre- and post-disturbance densities. From these data, we calculated per capita mortality rates, tested statistically for associations between mortality rates and pre-disturbance densities, and assessed whether mortality differed seasonally. Invertebrate assemblages in the channels were derived from a chalk stream in south-west England. Analyses focussed on 12 core taxa that were common in the community, which included a taxonomically diverse group of worms, Gastropoda, Gammaridae, Diptera, Ephemeroptera and Trichoptera. Responses to drying were species-specific and three different response types were observed. Half of the taxa were resistant to drying and there was no apparent mortality, even in the near-total loss of free water (Potamopyrgus antipodarum, Bezzia sp., Chironomini, Radix balthica and two groups of Naididae). Four taxa showed density-independent mortality (Polycentropus flavomaculatus, Tanypodinae, Gammarus pulex, Baetis scambus), but differed in vulnerability with per capita loss rates ranging from 57 to 100%. Strong evidence of density-dependent mortality was observed in Orthocladiinae and suggested also for Tanytarsini. Mortality varied seasonally for only one taxon (Tanytarsini), with higher mortality in warm versus cool months. Particular response types were not necessarily associated with particular taxonomic groups or body shapes. This range of responses to drying by different, naturally co-occurring, populations suggests that community-level impacts of drying are underpinned by diverse, taxon-specific responses. The experiment provides some support for theoretical predictions of density-independent mortality, but also some of the first evidence that disturbance refugia can result in density-dependent mortality.
THE INFLUENCE OF INTELLECTUAL CAPITAL ON PROFITABILITY AND ITS IMPACT ON STOCK PRICE IN BANKING COMPANIES LISTED IN THE INDONESIA STOCK EXCHANGE

The objective of the research was to find out and to analyze the influence of intellectual capital on stock price with profitability as intervening variable in banking companies listed in IDX (Indonesia Stock Exchange). The research used quantitative method. Secondary data were the companies’ financial statement, obtained from BEI in the period of 2013-2017. The population was 43 companies, and 29 of them were used as the samples, taken by using purposive sampling technique with the period of the research of 5 years so that there were 145 research units all together. The data were analyzed by using multiple linear regression analysis and path analysis with an SPSS statistic program. The result of the research showed that first, Value Added Capital Employed (VACA), Value Added Human Capital (VAHU), and Structural Capital Value Added (STVA) simultaneously had positive and significant influence on stock price. Second, VACA had positive and significant influence on stock price. Third, VAHU and STVA did not have any significant influence on stock price. Fourth, profitability was intervening variable in the influence of VACA and STVA on stock price, and fifth, profitability was not intervening variable in the influence of VAHU on stock price.
A review of ascochyta blight of chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.)

Chickpea (Cicer aricrinum L.) is an important grain legume crop of dryland agriculture in Asia, Africa and Central and South America. Thc total cultivated area of chickpea in the world is about 10.4 million hectares and annual production is about 6.8 million tonnes (FA0 1978). The average yields per hectare are estimated to be around 700 kg. Chickpea is known by other names such as Bengal gram, gram, Egyptian pea, Spanish pea, Chestnut bean (all English), pois chiche (French), chana (Hindi), homos (Arabic), grao-de-bico (Portuguese), garbanzo or garavance (Spanish), ctc.
Avian Invasions: The Ecology and Evolution of Exotic Birds

© Tim M. Blackburn, Julie L. Lockwood, Phillip Cassey 2009. All rights reserved. As people have spread around the world, they have taken with them a broad range of other species to satisfy a variety of human needs. Some of these species went on to establish wild populations well outside their native ranges. These biological invaders are a major component of current global change, and often represent threats to the maintenance of global biodiversity, human health, and the success of human economic enterprises. The continuing globalization of our society ensures that the need to understand the process of biological invasion will only increase in the future. There is also a growing recognition that the study of biological invaders provides significant insight into basic questions in ecology and evolution. Exotic birds provide a particularly good opportunity to study the causes and consequences of biological invasions. By combining good historical records of bird introductions with the detailed information available on many other aspects of avian biology, this book advances understanding of the invasion process while also exploring avian conservation biology, and basic principles of ecology and evolution. Chapters cover causes of non-randomness in which species get transported and released into novel environments, the stochastic (relating to numbers released) and deterministic (relating to species and location) effects that influence establishment success, patterns and processes in range expansion, and the ecology, genetics, and evolution of exotic birds in their new environment.
Bidimensional non-parametric estimation of well-being distribution and poverty index

In this paper, we introduce a kernel-type version for the bi-dimensional extension of the Foster, Greer, and Thorbecke index that was introduced by Duclos et al. (2006a) for the purpose of a dominance approach to multidimensional poverty. The measure they used in their dominance exercise is essentially a generalization, from one to two dimensions, of the FGT index with separate poverty aversion parameters for each dimension. Our estimator is constructed by using a bidimensional Parzen-Rosenblatt kernel of a probability density function (pdf). We next provide its complete asymptotic behaviour by establishing its almost- sure uniform and its uniform mean square consistencies. A simulation study shows that it performs well for small samples comparatively to the empirical plug-in estimator. Our results are also extensions of those of Dia (2008) and of Ciss et al. (2014) in one dimension. R
Qué es lo nuevo en la evolución morfológica

En este trabajo presentamos una revision de conceptos y definiciones muy usados en estudios de Morfologia Comparada, Biologia Evolutiva y Evolucion del Desarrollo (Evo-Devo). Para ello, partimos de informacion publicada sobre la variacion morfologica de un linaje monofiletico de anuros, los Ceratophryidae. Utilizamos el conjunto de apomorfias morfologicas propuestas para diagnosticar esta familia (formada por Ceratophrys, Chacophrys y Lepidobatrachus ) y sus agrupaciones como casos de analisis. Distinguimos procesos evolutivos con consecuencias morfologicas (reduccion, perdida, reversion, aparicion, duplicacion), el origen de la variacion (heterocronia, heterotopia, heterometria y heterotipia) y la novedad morfologica en sentido estricto. Desde la perspectiva de la Evolucion del Desarrollo, analizamos el cambio de funcion y la aparicion de morfologias unicas y viables en el linaje delos Ceratophryidae. La reduccion de las diferencias morfologicas, fisiologicas y ecologicas entre larvas y adultos en Lepidobatrachus hacen de este un excelente organismo para aprender y discutir conceptos clasicos y novedosos con enfoques integrados desde diferentes disciplinas de trabajo (morfologia, genetica del desarrollo, ecologia, fisiologia).
Correlatos morfofisiológicos da personalidade em macacos-prego resgatados (Sapajus sp.)

Personalidade pode ser definida como diferencas estaveis no padrao comportamental entre os individuos de uma mesma populacao e vem sendo registrada em diversas especies animais. Um aspecto de crescente investigacao refere-se as relacoes de variaveis morfologicas e fisiologicas com a personalidade. Nesse trabalho investigamos a relacao de parâmetros como face, peso, tamanho, dentes e glicocorticoides com a personalidade mensurada por tres diferentes metodos: observacao comportamental, testes comportamentais e questionarios, em uma amostra de 33 macacos-prego (Sapajus spp.) resgatados e mantidos em centro de triagem do IBAMA. Fundamentados na literatura, testamos as seguintes hipoteses: 1) animais com face mais larga sao mais assertivos; 2) animais com maior nivel basal de glicocorticoides sao mais exploradores. Para verificar tais relacoes criamos modelos de regressao que foram selecionados pelo criterio de informacao de Akaike. As analises revelaram relacoes positivas entre a face e curiosidade, agressividade a estranhos, e comportamento afiliativos. Tamanho dos caninos e comprimento do corpo influenciam positivamente tracos de abertura, alimentacao, comportamentos afiliativos e locomocao. Os glicocorticoides influenciaram negativamente a assertividade e sociabilidade, e positivamente a exploracao e locomocao. O padrao encontrado e discutido relativamente aos descritos para outras especies de forma que entender como as variaveis morfologicas e fisiologicas relacionam-se a diversos tipos de comportamento.
Données pour l'évaluation de méthodes de géocodage

[FR] Ce jeu de donnees contient les toponymes de differents documents et leur reference dans le gazetier Geodict (http://dx.doi.org/10.18167/DVN1/MWQQOQ). Les documents utilises proviennent de deux sources de texte : PadiWeb et AgroMada. [EN] This dataset contains the toponyms of various documents and their reference in the Geodict gazetteer (http://dx.doi.org/10.18167/DVN1/MWQQOQ). The documents used are from two text sources: PadiWeb and AgroMada.