Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Commercial Utilization of Mobile RFID

The basic functionalities of mobile devices (e.g. phone calls, text messages, browsing the in‐ ternet) are extended to the interaction with physical objects from the real world as a result of the establishment of mobile devices as ubiquitous and personal computing platforms [1]. In this context, mobile interaction with the physical world, the use of mobile devices as media‐ tors for the interaction with the physical world, become more and more popular [2]. Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) technology is one of the enabling technologies that turn mo‐ bile devices – commonly mobile phones – into readers of RFID tags attached to physical ob‐ jects [3]. RFID technology that is used in the context of physical mobile interaction is mobile RFID. This technology enables mobile devices with embedded micro RFID readers to read RFID tags [4]. Via mobile RFID people can contact RFID tagged objects anywhere [5]. The studies in the relevant literature (see Section 2.1) focus mostly on the realization techniques, architecture of the physical mobile interaction and its perception by users and the conse‐ quences of this perception. Advantages gained by physical mobile interaction – realized es‐ pecially by mobile RFID have not been discussed comprehensively. This study aims to provide an analysis to address this gap and provide a comprehensive discussion. There are indeed a few studies (see Section 3.2.1) in which advantages of using RFID technology in mobile devices are discussed. However, they are discussed briefly while discussing applica‐ tions of RFID enabled mobile phones and how to use RFID technology in mobile phones.
ENHANCING SIGNAL ALIGNMENT IN MIMO Y CHANNELS WITH SPACE AND TIME SCHEDULING

vii List of Abbreviations and Symbols Used . viii Acknowledgements . x Chapter
Performance Evaluation of Radon Mitigating Materials for Building a Radon Resistant Dwelling

Radon mitigation performance of SGMs and ARMs was evaluated in five different modes, two of which are active modes supported by a ventilation fan on and the others are passive modes with no fan. The test was performed in a concrete structure consisting of eight partitioned rooms. The bottom side of each room is covered with gravels and radon gas soil sampled at nearby open fields. Then, SGMs and ARMs are installed on top of the soil to block the radon gas. The test is performed for three days in passive modes and for another three days in active modes. Then, the radon concentration is measured with an E-perm monitor. These tests are repeated for three different levels of radon gas concentration in the sample soil, labeled as low (L), medium (M) and high (H). Experimental results present two observations. The first one is that, in accordance with the EPA recommendations, radon mitigating materials make much greater effects when they are used in an active mode. The best result was from A-1 mode (SGM+ARM+fan). For all of L, M and H soil samples, the radon concentration turned out to be the lowest, about 10 % ~ 40 % of 148 Bq/m, the EPA activation level (EAL). In A-2 mode (SGM+ fan), the concentration was a reasonably fair level, about 25 % ~ 48 % of EAL. The second observation is that the performance of mitigating materials used in passive modes is unreliable. In all of three passive test modes, the radon concentration was higher than the EAL, or just below the EAL.
Material fluxes through the procaryotic compartment in a eutrophic backwater branch of the River Danube

A seasonal study on the quantification of energy fluxes through the rnlcrobial compartment and on bacterial morphotype succession was performed in a hypertrophic shallow backwater branch, which had shifted from a macrophyte-dominated clear-water to a phytoplankton-dominated turbid-water state from 1992 to 1994. Filamentous cyanobacterial species dominated the phytoplanktonic compartment during summer. Bacterial numbers ranged from 2 7 X 10' to 9.8 X 10' cells 1-', corresponding to biomass values of 35 and 119 1.19 C I-', respectively. Temperature, dissolved organic carbon (DOC), primary production and soluble phosphorus were found to explain most of the variation of bacterial numbers and biomass in the system. Bacterial morphotypes exhibited a seasonal succession pattern with rods and vibrios as the most abundant morphotypes. Vibrios dominated during the bloom of cyanobacteria in summer, while rods were found to increase rapidly after the breakdown of the bloom in autumn and winter. Filamentous bacteria with cell lengths of up to 120 pm bloomed during a short period in spring, making up more than 60% of the total bacterial biomass. With principal component analysis we could extract 2 main factors influencing the variation of bacterial morphotypes, namely an abiotic/inorganic factor, containing temperature, oxygen, nitrate and ammonium, and a trophic factor, containing DOC, total nitrogen, total phosphorus and chlorophyll a. Variation of filamentous bacteria, however, could not be explained by these 2 factors. Bacterial secondary production amounted on average to 3.1 pg C 1-' h-' with a range from 0.5 to 7.0 pg C 1-' h-'. The impact of top-down factors like grazing and viral lysis is expected to influence both the occurrence of filamentous bacteria and bacterial production rates. Enzyme kinetics of P-glucosidase, leu-aminopeptidase and alkaline phosphatase were established and the relations to the other investigated parameters are described. By integrating the phosphatase and aminopeptidase activity into a phosphorus and nitrogen budget for the bacterial and phytoplanktonic compartment in the Alte Donau, we were able to show that there was no P W t a tion over the whole year, while N was possibly limiting at the beginning of algal blooms. On an annual basis primary production exceeded by far the bacterial carbon demand, but periods with the reverse situation occurred from October to May. Temperature and carbon supply were seen as the main factors for limiting bacterial growth in the Alte Donau during the cold months. The importance of viral lysis and predation in controlling bacterial growth during the summer months was pointed out. A comparison of the investigated bacterial parameters with those of a mesotrophic but macrophyte-dominated branch of the same backwater system led us to the conclusion that the equilibrium shift of the Alte Donau has resulted in high primary production of the autotrophic procaryotic compartment but not in the expected increase of energy flux through the compartment of the heterotrophic bacterioplankton.
The galaxy cluster YSZ−LX and YSZ−M relations from the WMAP 5-yr data

We use multifrequency matched filters to estimate, in the WMAP 5-year data, the Sunyaev-Zel’dovich (SZ) fluxes of 893 ROSAT NORAS/REFLEX clusters spanning the luminosity range LX,[0.1−2.4] keV = 2×10 41 −3.5×10 45 erg s −1 . The filters are spatially optimised by using the universal pressure profile recently obtained from combining XMM-Newton observations of the REXCESSsample and numerical simulations. Although the clusters are individually only marginally detected, we are able to firmly measure the SZ signal (>10σ) when averaging the data in luminosity/mass bins. The comparison between the bin-averaged SZ signal versus luminosity and X-ray model predictions shows excellent agreement, implying that there is no deficit in SZ signal strength relative to expectations from the X-ray properties of clusters. Using the individual cluster SZ flux measurements, we directly constrain the Y500−LX and Y500−M500 relations, where Y500 is the Compton y-parameter integrated over a sphere of radius r500 . T heY500−M500 relation, derived for the first time in such a wide mass range, has a normalisation Y ∗
Comparative Analysis of Text Classification Algorithms for Automated Labelling of Quranic Verses.

The ultimate goal of labelling a Quranic verse is to determine its corresponding theme. However, the existing Quranic verse labelling approach is primarily depending on the availability of Quranic scholars who have expertise in Arabic language and Tafseer. In this paper, we propose to automate the labelling task of the Quranic verses using text classification algorithms. We applied three classification algorithms namely, k-Nearest Neighbour, Support Vector Machine, and Naive Bayes in automating the labelling procedure. In our experiment with the classification algorithms English translation of the verses are presented as features. The English translation of the verses are then classified as "Shahadah" (the first pillar of Islam) or "Pray" (the second pillar of Islam). It is found that all of the text classification algorithms are capable to achieve more than 70% accuracy in labelling the Quranic verses.
Multilingual Access to Information in A Networked Environment Character Encoding & Unicode Standard

With the recent rapid dissemination over the international computer networks of world-wide distributed document bases, the question of multilingual access and multilingual information retrieval is becoming increasingly relevant. Briefly discusses some of the issues that must be addressed in order to implement a multilingual interface for a digital library system in general, and the problems associated with character encoding of multilingual text in particular. Highlights the development of Unicode Standard, which is envisioned as a solution to the problem of multilingual character encoding and its progressive implementation by the computer industry, including the library community. Concludes that library and information networks in India must adopt Unicode to digitize and provide access to the rich repertoire of literature generated in scores of Indian languages.
Determination of kinetic parameters of -amylase producing thermophile Bacillus sphaericus

Studies on the -amylase-producing thermophilic bacterium isolated and identified from a hot spring in Jordan and designated as Bacillus sphaericus were carried out in a laboratory scale fermenter. The growth and enzyme production optimum conditions were pH 7 and 50oC. The kinetic study of cellular growth indicates max, Ks, d, Yx/s and kd were 0.53 h-1, 1.1 g/l, 1.98 h, 0.44 g cell/g starch and 0.4 g/l/h, respectively. The optimum starch concentration for the enzyme production was 32 g/l and higher concentrations show substrate inhibition with inhibition constant Ki 190 mg/l. The kinetic parameters of -amylase activation Vmax, and Km were 263 mole mg-1 enzyme min-1 and 0.97 mg/ml, respectively. The effect of different carbon and nitrogen sources on the cellular growth was tested.
Dual-color chromogen In Situ hybridization (CISH) for the determination of Her2 status in breast cancer tissue sections

Background: A factor associated with breast cancer development is the mutation of the Her2/neu gene located on chromosome 17. Chromogen in situ hybridization (CISH) in which the color is generated with an enzymatic reaction is a promising alternative detection method to fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) which is nowadays used in clinical practice. The resulting color is stable and therefore usable for permanent storage, the use of a normal brightfield microscope is possible and the morphology of the sample can be evaluated more easily than with a fluorescence microscope. For the visualization of Her2/neu it is however important to also detect chromosome 17 and use it as a reference chromosome. The aim of the study is: to select the best substrates considering color production, background staining, reactivity and localization. Secondly to develop a dualcolor procedure visualizing Her2/neu and chromosome 17 to examine the possibility of using CISH as a standardized method for the detection of Her2 positive tumors and finally to compare these results with FISH. Methods: Single target CISH with eight substrates for the enzyme horseradish peroxidase (PO) and six substrates for alkaline phosphatase (AP) was performed on cervical cancer cell lines with centromere 1 (C1) and 1p36 as targets. The best substrates were subjectively selected with the use of a brightfield microscope. The procedure was expanded to a dual-color detection on cells and formalin-fixed, paraffin embedded (FFPE) breast cancer tissue sections with Her2/neu and centromere 17 (C17) as targets. In this procedure the best conjugate detection systems were worked out. Results: In the single target detection procedure the substrates DAB, Vina Green and Seramun Grün for PO and Ferangi Blue and Vulcan Fast Red for AP were found to give the best color reactions. The dual-color detection on tissue sections showed strong and good distinguishable color reactions when combining the substrates Vina Green for C17 and
Measuring the Circumgalactic and Intergalactic Baryon Contents with Fast Radio Bursts

Over 80% of the cosmic baryon density is likely to be distributed in the diffuse, ≳104 K circumgalactic and intergalactic medium (CGM and IGM, respectively). We demonstrate that the dispersion measures (DMs) of samples of localized fast radio bursts (FRBs) can be used to measure the distribution of baryons between the CGM and IGM. We propose to separate the CGM and IGM contributions to FRB DMs by including redshift and mass measurements of intervening galaxies. Using simulated samples of FRB sight lines through intervening galaxy halos and an illustrative model for the CGM, and including realistic observational uncertainties, we show that small samples (O(101)–O(102)) of localized FRBs are sensitive to the presence of CGM gas. The fractions of baryons in the CGM and IGM can be accurately estimated with a few tens of FRBs at z < 1, with uncertainties of ∼10% with N = 10 FRBs that decline as N−1/2. The characteristic radial density profiles of CGM halos may also be possible to constrain with larger FRB samples. The required samples of localized FRBs are expected to be assembled in the coming few years by instruments such as the Australian Square Kilometre Array Pathfinder, the Deep Synoptic Array, MeerKAT, UTMOST-2D, and the Very Large Array.
Coupling between a glacier and a soft bed: I. A relation between effective pressure and local shear stress determined from till elasticity

Abstract To predict the distribution of motion beneath glaciers on soft beds, the strength of the coupling between the ice and the bed and its variation with effective pressure must be known. A record of shear strain, acquired with a tiltmeter emplaced in till beneath Storglaciären, Sweden, indicates that fluctuations in water pressure cause variations in the local shear stress on the bed and that the bed deforms elastically in response to these variations. To estimate the shear stress from the elastic component of the total shear strain, the shear modulus of the till was measured in relaxation tests conducted in the laboratory with a ring-shear device. After accounting for the elastic compliance of the device, these tests yielded shear moduli of about 1000 and 1800 kPa at confining pressures of 85 and 280 kPa, respectively. These values are comparable to those of other granular materials undergoing recoverable shear strains of the same magnitude. The local shear stress on the till, calculated by applying the measured shear moduli to the tilt record, scales with P e 1.7, where P e is the effective pressure. This relation implies that as P e decreases at the ice/till interface, shear stresses on the till are reduced and concentrated elsewhere on the bed, perhaps where the till is absent or the glacier is frozen to the bed. When compared with the strength of the till determined from ring-shear tests, this relation also accounts for the lack of permanent deformation at depth in the bed during periods of low P e and indicates that most basal motion was by sliding or ploughing.
Field observations, laboratory rearing and descriptions of immatures of the planthopper Hyalesthes obsoletus (Hemiptera: Cixiidae).

The cixiid planthopper Hyalesthes obsoletus Signoret is an efficient vector of the stolbur phytoplasma, the cause of vari- ous crop diseases. In the field, this monovoltine species feeds on a wide variety of woody and herbaceous plants. It overwinters as larvae on the roots of its host plants. During this study, we collected adults mainly from lavender (Lavendula angustifolia Miller), bindweed (Convolvulus arvensis L. and C. sepium L.), hoary cress (Cardaria draba L.), and occasionally from plantain (Plantago cynops L.), toadflax (Linaria striata L.), bedstraw (Galium verum L.), and mountain savory (Satureia montana L.). Fertility of field collected females from sites at two different elevations differed significantly. Fertility at 300 m (50.6 eggs per female; N = 28) was more than twice that at 900 m (22.8 eggs per female; N = 19). Only one specimen of the species was found to be parasitized by an undetermined species of Dryinidae (Hymenoptera). H. obsoletus was reared in controlled conditions on lavender. Unlike in the field, larvae developed in the laboratory at the base of the host plant and on basal shoots. Egg incubation averaged 7 ± 1.2 weeks (N = 10). Total development time from egg to adult averaged 27 ± 4 weeks (N = 5) on lavender. A morphological description of the five in- stars is provided. The study was supplemented by scanning electron microscopy. Particular attention was paid to the structure of the wax-plates and the absence of compound eyes in the early larval stages.
Manufacturing Industry Competitiveness: the impact of socio-cultural factors on FDI inflows to Nigeria since 2000

The level of investment is a key driver in helping Multinational enterprises (MNEs) face the challenges of today’s fast and dynamic 21st Century global business environment. Prior studies reveal a significant decline in manufacturing industry output and its contribution to gross domestic product (GDP) in Nigeria since the mid-1970s. We use Dunning’s foreign direct investment (FDI) motives as basis for examining the impact of socio-cultural factors on FDI inflows to the Nigerian manufacturing industry since 2000. Between 2011 and 2015, we carried out a Questionnaire Survey of 925 respondents in Nigeria. The data analysis reveals that since 2000, the lack of a coherent and consistent ‘child protection mechanisms’ coupled with the lack of ‘consensus building on individual security matters’ led to a significant decline in FDI inflows to the Nigerian manufacturing sector. A key limitation of this study is the fact that, it does not critically address the strategic impact of the current Boko Haram insurgence in Nigeria; as such an area for further research would use Qualitative methods to examine the impact of child protection, gender inequality and ethnic tensions on FDI into the Nigerian manufacturing industry.
Optimización de una metodología para la obtención de nanoarcillas a partir de arcillas pertenecientes a la Península de Santa Elena ( PSE )

Nanoclays are one of the materials that have been more developed over the last decade. These materials have various applications for example to purify contaminated wastewater and others. There are several companies over the world that dedicates to its production and commercialization, however in Ecuador there is no companies that produce the nanoclays, even though there are several clay deposits that can be used for this purpose. The aim of this work is to determine the optimal methodology for obtaining nanoclays using local clays, so that in the future it can be implemented in industrial production. Three variables are studied as are amount of water/ethanol used for clay dilution, mixing time between clay solution and the alkilammonium salt solution, and the alkilammonium salt concentration, to determine wich one influences the nanoclay interlayer space increase. D spacing is measured by x-ray diffraction. The only variable that significantly influences the increase of nanoclay interlayer space is the alkilammonium salt concentration. With the optimal methodology founded in this investigation it can be obtained a nanoclay with an interlayer space of 34,1 Å, and at a cost 20% less compared to obtain the nanoclay using the methodology before being optimized.
DIETARY PROBIOTIC Lactobacillus plantarum L-211 FOR FARM ANIMALS. I. THE ADDITIVE FOR BROILER CHICKS (Gallus gallus L.)

Lysine is an essential limiting amino acid in chick feeding. Its deficiency in feeds, especially of wheat-barley or corn-sunflower type, can reach 15-20 %. Dietary synthetic amino acids may negatively influence productivity due to imbalances caused by rapid amino acids entry into blood. This study continues a series of our experiments aimed at determining the efficiency of dietary synthetic lysine replacement by the microorganisms that synthesize L-lysine. Previous studies have shown a high positive effect of lysine producing Escherichia coli (Prolizer-BioR probiotic; JSC «Bioreactor», Moscow), however, seeking for similar producers among non-pathogenic microorganisms remains important. In this paper we present the findings in the support of Lactobacillus plantarum L211 probiotic (JSC «Bioreactor», Moscow) ability to optimize the gut microflora in view to increase the productive performance in poultry. Using the T-RFLP (terminal restriction fragment length polymorphism), we compared the cecal bacterial community in four groups of Cobb 500 broiler chickens at 35 days of age. The diet in group 1 (control) was a balanced combined feed. The broilers of groups 2, 3 and 4 were fed with dietary domestic probiotics containing lysine-producing Lactobacillus plantarum L-211, L. plantarum which does not produce lysine, or Bacillus subtilis (a daily rate of 1 ml for lactobacilli and 2 ml for bacilli). The concertation of all live bacteria was 100 million CFU/ml. Lysine producing L. plantarum L-211 increased the level of lactobacilli by 3.88 times (P < 0.005), of cellulolytic and amylolytic Clostridia by 1.13 times, and of acid utilizing Negativicutes by 1.36 times (P < 0.05), whereas, on the contrary, reduced the portion of pathogenic peptococci by 1.35 times (P < 0.05), staphylococci by 1.46 times and enterobacteria by 2.33 times (P < 0.005). However, L. plantarum L211, unlike L. plantarum or B. subtilis, did not affect the Fusobacteria or Enterobacteriaceae counts. Also, L. plantarum L-211 was not effective against pasteurella and actinomycetes which, on the contrary, increased in number 1.33and 2.75-fold (P < 0.005) as compared to the control. The lysineproducing probiotic strain resulted in the highest average live weight in broilers at day 35 and the highest average daily weigh gain (5.01 % and 5.14 %, respectively). L. plantarum L-211 also led to the lowest availability of lysine in the diet.