Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Vector Space Information Retrieval Techniques for Bioinformatics Data Mining

Information retrieval (IR) can be defined as the set of processes involved in querying a collection of objects in order to extract relevant data and information Dominich (2010); Grossman & Frieder (2004). Within this paradigm, various models ranging fromdeterministic to probabilistic have been applied. The goal of this chapter is to invoke a mathematical structure on bioinformatics database objects that facilitates the use of vector space techniques typically encountered in text mining and information retrieval systems Berry & Browne (2005); Langville & Meyer (2006). Several choices and approaches exist for encoding bioinformatics data such that database objects are transformed and embedded in a linear vector space Baldi & Brunak (1998). Hence, part of the key to developing such an approach lies in invoking an algebraic structure that accurately reflects relevant features within a given database. Some attention must therefore be devoted to the numerical encoding of bioinformatics objects such that relevant biological and chemical characteristics are preserved. Furthermore, the structure must also prove useful for operations typical of data mining such as clustering, knowledge discovery and pattern classification. Under these circumstances, the vector space approach affords us the latitude to explore techniques analogous to those applied in text information retrieval Elden (2004); Feldman & Sanger (2007); Grossman & Frieder (2004). While the methods presented in this chapter are quite general and readily applicable to various categories of bioinformatics data such as text, sequence, or structural objects, we focus this work on amino acid sequence data. Specifically, we apply the BLOCKS protein sequence database Henikoff et al. (2000); Pietrokovski et al. (1996) as the template for testing the applied techniques. It is demonstrated that the vector space approach is consistent with pattern search and classification methodologies commonly applied within the bioinformatics literature Baldi & Brunak (1998); Durbin et al. (2004); Wang et al. (2005). In addition, various subspace decomposition approaches are presented and applied to the pattern search and pattern classification problems. To summarize, the main contribution of this work is directed towards bioinformatics data mining. We demonstrate that information measures derived from the vector space approach are consistent with and, in many cases, reduce to those typically applied in the bioinformatics literature. In addition, we apply the BLOCKS database in order to demonstrate database search and information retrieval techniques such as
Gain and offset calibration for an Analog-to-Information Converter

Analog-to-information converters (AIC) are physical implementations of Compressed Sensing that have been proposed to overcome the technological limitations of the analog-to-digital converters (ADC) in terms of bandwidth and quantity of data produced after conversion. The AIC hardware suffers from non-idealities of components and subsystems, which reduces the quality of the measured signal reconstruction. Such effects can be compensated by calibration that normally have been implemented in the signal recovery methods. In this paper, we analyze a calibration method for AIC that takes into account only the measurements produced by the AIC. Results show that the hardware calibration improves the signal reconstruction with regard to signal-to-noise and distortion ratio (SINAD), independent of the reconstruction algorithm.
CZECH LEADERSHIP QUESTIONNAIRE CZECH LEADERSHIP QUESTIONNAIRE: THE DEVELOPMENT OF A CZECH QUESTIONNAIRE OF TRANSFORMATIONAL AND TRANSACTIONAL LEADERSHIP

This study describes the development of the Czech Leadership Questionnaire (CLQ, Dotazník přístupu k vedení lidí) which is an original method in Czech language aimed at measuring transformational and transactional leadership. The study also presents preliminary results of a validation study of this questionnaire. CLQ consists of 32 statements describing the behavior of a leader. Every statement is assessed on a 7-point Likert scale. The statements are divided into eight subscales which measure components of transformational and transactional leadership and non-leadership. In a sample of 1,084 respondents, a confirmatory factor analysis showed that the data fit an 8-factor model. All the subscales are internally consistent. The questionnaire is available upon request from the authors of the study.
Amplitude saturation of MEMS resonators explained by autoparametric resonance

This paper describes a phenomenon that limits the power handling of MEMS resonators. It is observed that above a certain driving level, the resonance amplitude becomes independent of the driving level. In contrast to previous studies of power handling of MEMS resonators, it is found that this amplitude saturation cannot be explained by nonlinear terms in the spring constant or electrostatic force. Instead we show that the amplitude in our experiments is limited by nonlinear terms in the equation of motion which couple the in-plane length-extensional resonance mode to one or more out-of-plane (OOP) bending modes. We present experimental evidence for the autoparametric excitation of these OOP modes using a vibrometer. The measurements are compared to a model that can be used to predict a power-handling limit for MEMS resonators.
Investigation of metamaterial unit cells based on dispersion characteristics

Metamaterials are artificial effectively-homogenous electromagnetic structures with properties that are not readily available in nature, they are periodic structures made up of unit cells. While the field of metamaterial is receiving much interest, not too many researches have been done to characterize the metamaterial. A few metamaterial unit cells are chosen to characterize and investigate the propagation of EM waves inside the metamaterial, eigenmode solver in Computer Simulation Technology Microwave studio (CST MWS) has been used to derive the dispersion diagram. We found that some unit cells produce pure left-hand (LH) propagation while the others produced composite right/left-handed (CRLH) propagation. It is also proposed for the unit cells that can be used for wireless applications.
The Eccentric Connectivity Polynomial of some Graph Operations

The eccentric connectivity index of a graph G, ξ^C, was proposed by Sharma, Goswami and Madan. It is defined as ξ^C(G) = ∑ u ∈ V(G) degG(u)εG(u), where degG(u) denotes the degree of the vertex x in G and εG(u) = Max{d(u, x) | x ∈ V (G)}. The eccentric connectivity polynomial is a polynomial version of this topological index. In this paper, exact formulas for the eccentric connectivity polynomial of Cartesian product, symmetric difference, disjunction and join of graphs are presented.
A non-linear analysis of Gibson's paradox in the Netherlands, 1800-2012

This paper adopts a multivariate, non-linear framework to analyse Gibson’s paradox in the Netherlands over the period 1800-2012. Specifically, SSA (singular spectrum) and MSSA (multichannel singular spectrum) techniques are used. It is shown that changes in monetary policy regimes or volatility in the price of gold by themselves cannot account for the behaviour of government bond yields and prices in the Netherlands over the last 200 years. However, the inclusion of changes in the real rate of return on capital, M1, primary credit rate, expected inflation, and money purchasing power enables a nonlinear model to account for a sizeable percentage of the total variance of Dutch bond yields.
Isotopic Signatures of Mixed Carbonate-Siliciclastic Pennsylvanian-Permian Strata, Sverdrup Basin, Arctic Canada: Implications for Diagenetic Pathways and Reservoir Potential

Summary Pennsylvanian to Lower Permian mixed carbonates and siliciclastics associated with shelf cyclothems can hold great interest as it is a unique depositional relationship that can yield good reservoirs. Porosity development in ancient shelf sediments is often attributed to meteoric diagenesis and subaerial exposure of coarse-grained carbonate and siliciclastic rocks associated with recurring drops in sea level. Excellent seals are brought on by reoccurring transgressions that deposit finer-grained material onto underlying coarser-grained material. Petrographic and isotope analysis of six stratigraphic sections measured in the Blind Fiord area of Ellesmere Island illustrate that there are dominant diagenetic features, associated with subaerial exposure and meteoric diagenesis, that are related to regressions and base level falls. It was found that these features associated with subaerial exposure and meteoric diagenesis have unique isotopic signatures that lend a better understanding to depositional history and environmental impacts during diagenesis.
Composition and biochemical properties of l‐carnitine fortified Makgeolli brewed by using fermented buckwheat

Abstract Makgeolli is a traditional Korean alcoholic rice beverage. It is brewed of ingredients containing starch, Nuruk, and water. In order to improve the quality and functionality of Makgeolli, the Rhizopus oligosporus fermented buckwheat containing 18.7 mg/kg of l‐carnitine were utilized to brew l‐carnitine fortified Makgeolli with rice. Makgeolli was prepared in two‐stage fermentation method and total rutin and quercetin in each fermented buckwheat Makgeolli were increased 1.8‐fold greater than buckwheat Makgeolli. DPPH antioxidant activity was enhanced in fermented buckwheat Makgeolli than buckwheat Makgeolli (21.9%–65.7%). The amounts of l‐carnitine in rice Makgeolli, buckwheat Makgeolli, and fermented buckwheat Makgeolli were 0.9, 0.8–1.0, and 1.0–1.9 mg/L, respectively. The fermented buckwheat Makgeolli not only promoted health benefit by increasing l‐carnitine and flavonols, but also made effective alcohol production (2.8%–8.4%) compared to common buckwheat Makgeolli, indicating the potential industrial application with health benefits.
Is space-time interaction real or apparentin seismic activity?

It is widely shared opinion that not only secondary (aftershocks) but also main earthquakes have the tendency to occur in space-time clusters. This assumption has affected the preferential choice of stochastic models in the studies on seismic hazard, like self-exciting (epidemic) models which imply the abrupt increase of the occurrence probability after a shock and the subsequent exponential decrease without the desirable increase before a forthcoming event. The importance of this assumption requires the application of statistical tools to evaluate objectively its coherence with the reality at different scale of magnitude-space-time. To this end we consider the earthquakes drawn from the historical Italian catalogue CPTI04 that geologists have associated with each of the eight tectonically homogeneous regions in which Italian territory is divided. Fixing different magnitude thresholds we perform statistical tests based on the space-time distance between pairs of earthquakes under the null hypothesis of uniform distribution in time and space and evaluate the significance of the possible clusters. Monte Carlo hypothesis testing is also used to obtain the null distribution and the simulated p-value.
Týkanma sarýlýklý ratlarda taurolidine'in kolonik anastomoz iyileþmesi üzerine etkisi The effect of taurolidine on healing of colonic anastomosis in rats with obstructive jaundice

arastirmak. Yontem: Calismada 40 adet erkek Wistar-albino cinsi sican kullanildi. Rat- lar calisma oncesinde 12 saat ac birakildi ve TNF-α icin kan ornegi alindi . Yirmi rat iceren 2 ana grup olusturuldu. Bunlar sham grubu ve koledoklari baglanarak kesilip tikanma ikteri olusturulan grup- tu. Tum ratlara, birinci cerrahi girisimden 4 gun sonra inen kolon tam kat kesisi ve anastomoz uygulandi. Tikanma sariligi ve kont- rol gruplari kendi icerisinde iki alt gruba ayrildi. 1.gunden itibaren deneklerin yarisina intraperitoneal 200mg/kg/gun serum fizyolojik (SF), diger yarisina ayni dozda Taurolidine verildi. Anastomozdan 7 gun sonra denekler sakrifiye edildi. Anastomoze segment disari alinip patlama basinci olculdu. Bu segmentten hidroksiprolin ve histolojik inceleme icin numune alindi. TNF-α ve bilirubin icin kan ornegi alindi.
Efficacy of Alveolar Ridge Preservation after Maxillary Molar Extraction in Reducing Crestal Bone Resorption and Sinus Pneumatization: A Multicenter Prospective Case-Control Study

Aim To evaluate, with three-dimensional analysis, the effectiveness of alveolar ridge preservation (ARP) after maxillary molar extraction in reducing alveolar bone resorption and maxillary sinus pneumatization when compared to unassisted socket healing. Methods Patients were included in the study following inclusion criteria and underwent minimally traumatic maxillary molar extraction followed by ARP using synthetic nanohydroxyapatite (Fisiograft Bone, Ghimas, Italy) (test group) or unassisted socket healing (control group). Cone-beam computerized tomographies (CBCT) were performed immediately after tooth extraction (T0) and 6 months postoperatively (T1). CBCTs were superimposed by using a specific software (Amira, Thermo Fisher Scientific, USA) and the following items were analyzed in both groups: (i) postextractive maxillary sinus floor expansion in coronal direction and (ii) postextractive alveolar bone dimensional changes (both vertical and horizontal). All data were tested for normality and equality of variance and subsequently analyzed by independent samples T-test and Mann–Whitney test. Results Thirty patients were treated by three centers and twenty-six (test n=13; control n=13) were included in the final analysis. Mean sinus pneumatization at T1 was 0.69±0.48 mm in the test group and 1.04±0.67 mm in the control group (p=0.15). Mean vertical reduction of the alveolar bone at T1 was 1.62±0.49 mm in the test group and 2.01±0.84 mm in the control group (p=0.08). Mean horizontal resorption of crestal bone at T1 was 2.73±1.68 mm in test group and 3.63±2.24 mm in control group (p=0.24). Conclusions It could be suggested that ARP performed after maxillary molar extraction may reduce the entity of sinus pneumatization and alveolar bone resorption, compared to unassisted socket healing. This technique could decrease the necessity of advanced regenerative procedures prior to dental implant placement in posterior maxilla.
An ME-SMIB Based Method for Online Transient Stability Assessment of a Multi-Area Interconnected Power System

Transient stability assessment (TSA) of the power system is essential to the safe operation of the power grid. The TSA of the multi-area interconnected power system is a challenging task due to its special multi-area power grid structure. New features, which are the time-variable instability mode and untypical two-group instability mode, emerge in the transients of the interconnected power system and affect the accuracy of conventional TSA methods. To address these problems, we propose a novel TSA method based on the modified equivalent single machine infinite bus (ME-SMIB) system. Two key technologies, namely generator groups identification and generator selection, were presented in the proposed method. Generator groups were identified at each time-step to track the time-variable instability mode. Two groups of generators that were of good coherency and closely related to the current instability mode were selected to construct the ME-SMIB system. The transient instability was finally identified by the concave-convexity-based method. The proposed method was tested in the 16-generator 68-bus power system and China interconnected power system. Results show that the proposed ME-SMIB system can avoid the misjudgments caused by new transient features of the multi-area interconnected power system, presenting superior reliability than the conventional E-SMIB system.
The Nature of the Bright Submillimeter Galaxy Population: A Radio-preselected Sample with I > ~25

Deep submillimeter surveys have successfully detected distant, star-forming galaxies, which are enshrouded in vast quantities of dust and emit most of their energy at far-infrared wavelengths. These luminous galaxies are an important constituent of the universal star formation history, and any complete model of galaxy evolution must account for their existence. Although these sources have been tentatively identified with very faint and sometimes very red optical counterparts, their poorly constrained redshift distribution has made their interpretation unclear. In particular, it was not understood if these galaxies had been missed in previous surveys or if they constituted a truly new class of objects, undetectable at other wavelengths. By utilizing a radio selection technique, we have isolated a sample of 20 submillimeter objects representative of the 850 μm population brighter than 5 mJy with z ≲ 3. We show that these galaxies are so heavily dust-obscured that they remain essentially "invisible" to ultraviolet selection. Furthermore, relying on the radio/submillimeter flux density ratio, we estimate their redshift distribution, finding a median of two. These results are inconsistent with the existence of a very high redshift (z > 4) population of primeval galaxies (Lbol > 1012 L☉) contributing substantially to the submillimeter counts. While not a substitute for the thorough follow-up of blank-field submillimeter surveys, our results do shed light on a substantial portion of the luminous submillimeter population with z ≲ 3.
Performance Analysis of Uplink Uncoordinated Code-Domain NOMA for SINs

Space information networks (SINs) are regarded as an effective solution to enable a broadband access capability in a global coverage and cost-effective manner for massive machine type communications (mMTC). A collision often occurs when two or more user equipments (UEs) select the same pilot in mMTCs, and the received colliding signals are treated as interference. In this paper, we first analyze the problem of pilot collision for uplink mMTCs in SIN, then we investigate the performance of an uncoordinated code domain non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA) protocol. Moreover, to recover the information in collisions, we adopt successive interference cancellation (SIC) and successive joint decoding (SJD) under a shadowed-Rician fading and path loss satellite-ground channel model, and derive the expressions of the outage probability and maximum system throughput for SIC and SJD, respectively. Numerical and simulation results validate our analytical results and show that the maximum system throughput of SJD is almost double that of SIC.
A Study on the Impact of Visualization Techniques on Light Field Perception

Light Field imaging is a promising technology that allows to capture the whole set of light rays in a scene thus enabling the generation of perspective views from any position. This possibility can be exploited in several application scenarios, such as virtual and augmented reality or depth estimation. In this framework many issues arise due different aspects such as the large amount of generated data or to the need of dedicated and expensive hardware for Light Field capturing. Moreover, the Light Field carries information about the entire scene and the data that is delivered to the users largely differs from the traditional 2D and 3D media in terms of content and way of fruition. Dedicated rendering technology and devices for the Light Field are nowadays still not mature or quite expensive and the best option is to render the Light Field data on a conventional 2D screen. Consequently, there is the need for finding the best visualization technique that allows to exploit the information in the Light Field while being accepted by the viewers. In this paper we address this issue by considering six visualization options and by running experimental tests to study which is the technique preferred by the users.
Cross-Correlator Implementations Enabling Aperture Synthesis for Geostationary-Based Remote Sensing

An ever-increasing demand for weather prediction and high climate modelling accuracy drives the need for better atmospheric data collection. These demands include better spatial and temporal coverage of mainly humidity and temperature distributions in the atmosphere. A new type of remote sensing satellite technology is emerging, originating in the field of radio astronomy where telescope aperture upscaling could not keep up with the increasing demand for higher resolution. Aperture synthesis imaging takes an array of receivers and emulates apertures extending way beyond what is possible with any single antenna. In the field of Earth remote sensing, the same idea could be used to construct satellites observing in the microwave region at a high resolution with foldable antenna arrays. If placed in a geostationary orbit, these could produce images with high temporal resolution, however, such altitudes make the resolution requirement and, hence, signal processing very demanding. The relentless development in miniaturization of integrated circuits has in recent years made the concept of high resolution aperture synthesis imaging aboard a satellite platform viable. The work presented in this thesis addresses the challenge of performing the vital signal processing required aboard an aperture synthesis imager; namely the cross-correlation. A number of factors make the application challenging; the very restrictive power budgets of satellites, the immense amount of signal processing required for larger arrays, and the environmental aspects of in-space operation. The design, fabrication and evaluation of two cross-correlator application-specific integrated circuits (ASICs), one analog-to-digital converter (ADC) ASIC and one complete cross-correlator back-end is presented. Design concepts such as clocking schemes, data routing and reconfigurable accuracy for the cross-correlators and offset compensation and interfacing of the ADCs are explained. The underlying reasons for design choices as well as ASIC design and testing methodologies are described. The ASICs are put into their proper context as part of an interferometer system, and some different cross-correlator back-end architectures are explored. The result from this work is a very power-efficient, high-performance way of constructing cross-correlators which clearly demonstrates the viability of space-borne microwave imaging interferometer back-ends.
Developing and Validating a Metacognitive Writing Questionnaire for EFL Learners.

In an attempt to develop a metacognitive writing questionnaire, Farahian (2015) conducted a study which was based on the results obtained from a semi-structured interview (Maftoon, Birjandi and Farahian, 2014). After running various exploratory factor analyses (EFA) to validate the questionnaire two general scales of knowledge and regulation of cognition emerged; however, regarding the subscales of knowledge and regulation of cognition no clear pattern was found. As such, in the present study a confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) was run to refine the scale and construct the final questionnaire. The findings led to a hypothesised model comprising two factors of knowledge of cognition and regulation of cognition with ten subcategories represented in a 36-item questionnaire.
A note on Oscar Chisini mean value definition

Mainly on the basis of some notable physical problems reported in a 1929 Oscar Chisini paper, this brief note expose further possible historic-critical remarks on the definition of statistical mean value which will lead us towards the realm of Integral Geometry, via the Felix Klein Erlanger Programm. Possible educational implications are also briefly discussed.