Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Etude théorique des propriétés thermiques et thermoelectriques des nanorubans de graphène

Le graphene planaire se presente comme un des materiaux les plus prometteurs pour la nanoelectronique de demain, grâce particulierement a sa conductivite thermique et sa mobilite electronique qui sont les plus elevees jamais mesurees dans un solide. Parmi ses allotropes, le graphene decoupe en nanorubans est une des formes les plus interessantes, notamment pour les possibilites d'ingenierie de bandes qu'il offre. Ses proprietes electroniques et vibrationnelles sont fortement influencees par la presence des bords et s’eloignent de celles du graphene planaire. A ce jour, ses proprietes thermiques et thermoelectriques ont ete encore peu explorees. Dans ce travail de these, grâce a une modelisation atomistique du reseau cristallin, les modes de vibration caracteristiques de chaque type de ruban ont ete identifies et, dans le cadre du formalisme des fonctions de Green hors equilibre, le transport de ces modes a ete simule. On a ainsi evalue les proprietes thermiques des nanorubans en identifiant les types de rubans offrant la plus forte conductance thermique pour envisager une meilleure gestion de la chaleur dans les dispositifs du futur. Dans la direction opposee, des techniques de nanostructuration du ruban permettent de degrader le transport des phonons et d’amplifier la figure de merite thermoelectrique en beneficiant simultanement d'un phenomene de transport electronique resonant. En exploitant ces techniques, un premier dispositif thermoelectrique base sur les nanorubans de graphene a ete concu et ses performances ont ete evaluees par une approche multi-echelle. La possibilite de tres forte densite d’integration du graphene fait l’interet d’un tel dispositif qui pourrait fournir des puissances electriques ou de refroidissement tres superieures a celles des dispositifs thermoelectriques actuels.
Regulation of tensile stress in response to external forces coordinates epithelial cell shape transitions with organ growth and elongation

The role of actomyosin contractility at epithelial adherens junctions has been extensively studied. However, little is known about how external forces are integrated to establish epithelial cell and organ shape in vivo. We use the Drosophila follicle epithelium to investigate how tension at adherens junctions is regulated to integrate external forces arising from changes in germline size and shape. We find that overall tension in the epithelium decreases despite pronounced growth of enclosed germline cells, suggesting that the epithelium relaxes to accommodate growth. However, we find local differences in adherens junction tension correlate with apposition to germline nurse cells or the oocyte. We demonstrate that medial Myosin II coupled to corrugating adherens junctions resists nurse cell-derived forces and thus maintains apical surface areas and cuboidal cell shapes. Furthermore, medial reinforcement of the apical surface ensures cuboidal-to-columnar cell shape transitions and imposes circumferential constraints on nurse cells guiding organ elongation. Our study provides insight into how tension within an adherens junction network integrates growth of a neighbouring tissue, mediates cell shape transitions and channels growth into organ elongation.
Polycystic Ovary Syndrome as a systemic disease with multiple molecular pathways: a narrative review

Abstract Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) is characterized by hyperandrogenism, amenorrhea, and polycystic ovaries. This endocrinopathy is associated with many metabolic disorders such as dyslipidemia and insulin resistance, with increased risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus, metabolic syndrome, and cardiovascular complications. Inflammation is likely to play an important role in the promoting these metabolic imbalances, while prothrombotic and pro-oxidative mechanisms further contribute to the cardiovascular risk of these patients. The etiology of PCOS is still not fully understood, but there is evidence of genetic and environmental components. This review aims to discuss some molecular pathways associated with PCOS that could contribute to the better understanding about this syndrome. Recent evidence suggests that intrauterine exposure of female mice to an excess of anti-Müllerian hormone may induce PCOS features in their post-natal life. High cytokine levels and cytokine gene polymorphisms also appear to be associated with the pathophysiology of PCOS. Furthermore, high levels of microparticles may contribute to the altered hemostasis and enhanced inflammation in PCOS. All these mechanisms may be relevant to clarify some aspects of PCOS pathogenesis and inspire new strategies to prevent the syndrome as well as treat its symptoms and mitigate the risk of long-term complications.
Stability of Nitroguanidine in Moist, Unsaturated Soils

Abstract : The stability of nitroguanidine (NQ) was evaluated in three moist unsaturated soils under laboratory conditions. The three soils were fortified using an aqueous spiking solution and the residual concentration of NQ was measured after storage for 0, 1, 2, 4, and 8 days at 20 deg C in the dark. The results yielded a range in the half-life decay estimates for nitroguanidine from 7.5 to 56 days depending on the soil type. No attempt was made to determine environmental transformation products of NQ.
Chemical and Photochemical Transformation of Selected Pesticides in Aquatic Systems

Lack of data on the fate and impact of pesticides in freshwater systems prompted Environmental Protection Agency researchers in 1971 to select 10 representative materials (Figure 1) for detailed study. One of the needs highlighted at that time was for more reliable data on the rates, routes, and products of transformation. Subsequently, Paris and Lewis1 comprehensively reviewed the literature on microbial, chemical, and photochemical transformations of these materials and have since completed microbial studies with them.
Adaptation and Validation of Food Product Specific Analytical Methods for Monitoring Prebiotics Present in Different Types of Processed Food Matrices

Prebiotic carbohydrates are now added to a variety of processed foods to beneficially affect the gut microbial composition and activities. However, published data remain limited on the stability of prebiotics during food processes, such as baking, extrusion, pasteurization, high temperature heating, low pH condition, etc. As the complexity of the food matrix may also affect the ability to test for prebiotics, product specific analytical methods, including UV-vis spectroscopy, GC and HPLC, were developed and validated to monitor the stability of FOS, inulin and GOS in different types of processed food (breakfast cereal, cookie, muffin, sports drink and a nutritional bar). The results showed satisfactory linearity (r>0.9) for all the validated methods, however differences in the complexity of the ingredients were reflected in method accuracy and precision. Method precision was determined by calculating the percent relative standard deviation (% RSD) of spiked samples (n=5) below (0.5%) and above (2%) the target amount to be supplemented in the food products (1%) with results ranging from 1-39%. Methods for monitoring FOS and GOS resulted in low detection and quantitation limits allowing analysis of prebiotics of less than 1% in the presence of complex matrices. On the other hand the inulin method presented high detection and quantitation limits. Additionally, accuracy was affected by compounds present in the food matrix, which was accessed by determining the percent recoveries of spiked prebiotic in the control samples and applying corresponding correction factors to the supplemented processed foods when the accuracy was below 90% or above 110%. The chemical fate of the prebiotics was determined by applying the optimized and validated extraction and analytical method to prototype food products with 1% supplemented prebiotic. Recoveries ranged from 25-300% depending on method’s performance, complexity of the matrix and the severity of the processing effects. Finally the fate of the prebiotics in a cereal and sports drink that were prepared under various processing conditions indicated a high stability of GOS, while FOS and inulin were affected by low pH and high temperatures. Adviser: Vicki L. Schlegel.
The origin and drivers of Neotropical plant and tetrapod diversification

The origin of the outstanding Neotropical biodiversity is still debated. A comprehensive understanding is hindered by the lack of deep-time comparative data across wide phylogenetic and ecological contexts. Here we define and evaluate four evolutionary scenarios assuming different diversity trajectories and drivers of Neotropical diversification. Relying on 150 phylogenies (12,512 species) of seed plants and tetrapods, we found that diversity mostly expanded through time (70% of the clades), but scenarios of saturated (21%) and declining (9%) diversity also account for a substantial proportion of Neotropical diversity. These scenarios occur indistinctly across the major regions, habitats, and altitudes of the Neotropics, suggesting no geographic structure of Neotropical diversification. On the contrary, diversification dynamics differ across taxonomic groups: plant diversity mostly expanded through time (88%), while for a significant fraction of tetrapods (43%) diversity accumulated at a slower pace or declined toward the present. These opposite evolutionary patterns reflect different capacities for plants and tetrapods to cope with environmental change, especially in relation to climate cooling. Our results suggest that the assembly of Neotropical diversity is a long, clade-specific, and complex process resulting from a combination of gradual and pulse dynamics associated with environmental stability and instability over macroevolutionary scales.
Aflatoxins: Their Toxic Effect on Poultry and Recent Advances in Their Treatment

About 25% of total agriculture products are contaminated with aflatoxins (AFs) and other mycotoxins in the world especially in Africa, Asia and Latin America, completely losing about 2 – 3% of food values and thus causing economic losses to farmers. The mycotoxin contaminations of food supply chain impact on human and animal health primarily, whereas production is the second major concern especially in developing countries. Aflatoxins (colorless to pale yellow colored crystals) are the most studied (>5000 research articles) group of mycotoxins. AFs impose major problems regarding health, growth, FCR (feed conversion ratio), etc. in the subtropical zone. In the agricultural commodities, the prevention of fungal contamination during plant growth, harvesting and storage seems to be the most effective and rational precautionary measures to avoid mycotoxins. Activated charcoal; aluminosilicates; polymers, such as polyvinyl pyrrolidones and chole-styramine; and yeast, yeast-based products, and humic acid have been studied extensively with promising but variable results. A live yeast, named Saccharomyces cerevisiae ( S. cerevisiae ), has also been observed to lighten the adverse effects of aflatoxicosis in poultry. These beneficial effects were later attributed to glucomannan, being derived from the cell wall of S. cerevisiae .
Etude physico-chimique de solutions de chitosane et relation avec ses propriétés antigéniques

Ce travail concerne l'approfondissement des connaissances sur l'elaboration et le suivi in situ de materiaux a base de chitosane pour des applications biomedicales (reconstruction tissulaire, etc. . . ). Les materiaux devant etre mis en oeuvre a partir d'une solution, la comprehension des proprietes physico-chimiques du polyelectrolyte en solution est donc necessaire pour controler les mecanismes de preparation des materiaux. Nous avons montre que le chitosane peut etablir trois types d'interaction intermoleculaires (liaisons H, interactions electrostatiques et hydrophobes) qui dependent de la densite de charge apparente et de l'environnement dielectrique des charges (cationicite). En fonction du degre d'acetylation et du degre de dissociation du polymere, il est possible de jouer sur ces interactions afin d'elaborer des hydrogels physiques et des nanoparticules de nouvelle generation. Pour permettre le suivi in situ d'un materiau implante, nous avons immunise des lapins avec du chitosane couple a une proteine porteuse de differentes manieres (covalente et electrostatique). Nous avons obtenu des anticorps polyclonaux reconnaissants specifiquement le polymere dans une large gamme de degre d'acetylation et de masse molaire. Ces anticorps n'interagissent pas avec les glycosaminoglycanes du tissu conjonctif. L'utilisation de ces anticorps comme sonde immunologique est donc envisageable.
Introductory Chapter: Unregulated Mitochondrial Production of Reactive Oxygen Species in Testing the Biological Activity of Compounds

© 2016 The Author(s). Licensee InTech. This chapter is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. I tr ct ry a ter: re late it c rial Production of Reactive xygen Species in Testing the Biological Activity of Compounds
Preparación de películas mucoadhesivas de complejos de polielectrólitos para la liberación de diacetato de clorhexidina

1 Facultad de Ciencias Químicas e Ingeniería, Universidad Autónoma de Baja California, Unidad Otay, Tijuana, Baja California, México. 2 Centro de Ciencias de la salud, Unidad Valle de las Palmas, Universidad Autónoma de Baja California, Tijuana, Baja California, México. Blvd. Universitario No. 1000, Valle San Pedro. CP: 21500 3 Facultad de Medicina y Psicología, Universidad Autónoma de Baja California, Unidad Otay, Tijuana, Baja California, México
Nuevos genes humanos asociados a la biogénesis de mRNPs necesarios para la integridad del genoma

Trabajo realizado por la licenciada Irene Salas Armentreros en el Departamento de Genetica, Facultad de Biologia, y en el Departamento de Biologia del Genoma, CABIMER, de la Universidad de Sevilla dentro del Programa Oficial de Doctorado en Biologia Molecular y Biomedicina.
Gobierno corporativo: una revisión de literatura especializada

The governance of the company has been a topic that has gained increasing importance in the corporate world. Although its beginnings in terms of formal discussion date back to the mid-70, the underlying concept has its roots long back in time. The problem originates from the agency theory, which exposes a conflict of interest between shareholders and suppliers. There are several definitions of Corporate Governance, all pointing to a system of internal and external mechanisms that mitigate the agency problem among the different participants of the large modern company. Among some factors that can shape the significance of relationships within the company are legal systems, which give rise to the relative importance of both external mechanisms, as the market, and internal mechanisms such as the board of directors. ESTUDIOS DE ADMINISTRACIÓN, VOL. 21, No 2 (2014), PP. 67-109 68
LETTER TO THE EDITOR: Observation of a semimetal semiconductor phase transition in the intermetallic ZrTe5

Temperature dependent high-resolution angle-resolved photoelectron spectroscopy has been performed on the quasi-two-dimensional compound ZrTe5, a metal at low temperatures ( K) that exhibits a maximum resistivity at a temperature (Tc), concomitant with a sign change of the thermopower. A semiconducting gap has been observed in the photoemission spectra, where the valence band maximum shifts upward from 82 meV (75 K) to 40 meV (170 K) as a function of temperature. The band shifts are accompanied by small band distortions. Based on the photoemission experiments, in conjunction with the metallic character of ZrTe5 at low temperatures, we have modelled the thermopower of ZrTe5 by treating it as a metal at low temperatures and a semiconductor at elevated temperatures.
ECONOMICAL EVALUATION OF REDUCED INTENSITY TILLAGE SYSTEMS, STRAW AND GREEN MANURE COMBINATIONS

Copyright © 2019 The Authors. Published by Vytautas Magnus University. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY 4.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. ECONOMICAL EVALUATION OF REDUCED INTENSITY TILLAGE SYSTEMS, STRAW AND GREEN MANURE COMBINATIONS
THE IMPACT OF SOCIO-EMOTIONAL INTELLIGENCE ON ACADEMIC PERFORMANCE

The study was designed to check the impact of socio-emotional intelligence on academic performance of the university students. The target population was BS, MS and PhD students of the COMSATS institute for information technology. Self-administered questionnaire based survey method was adopted using Bar On EQ-I questionnaire for data collection based on non-random sampling (Convenient) sampling method. Results indicate positive correlation between socioemotional intelligence and academic performance and the results recommend penetration of socio-emotional intelligence practices in teaching learning processes for getting best possible academics objectives.
A Guide to Student-active Online Learning in Engineering

Online learning in higher education is becoming increasingly common as the possibilities of the available digital infrastructure expand A recent emergent driver for online learning is the closing of universities to limit the spread of the coronavirus (COVID-19) Many educators are now faced with the need to make their teaching digital, though they have little or no experience with online teaching methods In such a situation, learning outcomes may come second to what can be readily implemented by available digital resources In this paper, a design for student-active online learning in engineering is proposed as a guide to help take account of learning objectives first, and the digital tools and resources necessary to achieve those objectives second In addition, the paper emphasises the social dimension of online learning, and recommends that explicit actions should be taken to increase positive social relations between students in an online course to be able to succeed with student-active learning methods In the paper, a clear path is followed from objectives to learning activities, and then to assessments and evaluations, and appropriate digital tools and resources are suggested to support activities and evaluations in an online course Online courses in engineering are targeted in particular, and challenges that arise from common activities such as problem solving and practical work in an online engineering course are addressed The proposed guide emphasises usability to ensure that it can be used even by inexperienced digital educators, and an example on how the guide can be applied to design an online course in mobile robotics is given The proposed guide aims to help shift online learning in engineering from traditionally teacher-active lectures to more student-active learning activities
Sponsored Data: Smarter Data Pricing with Incomplete Information

With the development of data-intensive internet services, the world has witnessed explosive growth in mobile data consumption during the last couple of years. The upcoming generation of 5G-capable phones and networks will continue and even accelerate that process. At the same time, consumers are becoming more conscious about their data consumption because their monthly caps of mobile data plans can be easily exhausted by premium content, such as high-definition videos and virtual-reality games. In response, the mobile network operators (MNOs) have proposed a new business model, the so-called sponsored data plans, to subsidize consumers by transferring at least part of the data bills from consumers to content providers. Although industry practitioners claim that sponsored data plans increase consumer welfare, our analysis reveals that the impact of sponsored data on consumer surplus depends crucially on whether the MNO has complete information of the consumers’ valuation of mobile data. Our analysis helps provide a clearer picture of the impact of sponsored data on consumer surplus while reconciling the conflicting views from scholars, digital rights groups, and the network carriers.
Comparative reproductive output of two cellar spiders (Pholcidae) that coexist in southwest Ohio

Abstract Species differ in their reproductive abilities, which may affect their success. In southwest Ohio, populations of Pholcus phalangioides (Fuesslin, 1775) (Araneae: Pholcidae) have largely been replaced by Pholcus manueli Gertsch, 1937 (Araneae: Pholcidae). We suspected that differences in reproductive output underpinned the success of P. manueli. We documented the reproductive success of both species in the laboratory. Female P. phalangioides mated more readily and were more likely to produce eggsacs than P. manueli, but the timing of eggsac production and spiderling emergence were similar. The eggsacs of P. phalangioides contained smaller numbers of larger eggs but similar numbers of spiderlings emerged from the sacs of both species. We uncovered a negative relationship between egg size and number for P. phalangioides, but not for P. manueli. Our results do not explain the relative success of P. manueli, however, we have uncovered differences in the reproductive strategies utilized by these ecologically-similar congeners.
e-Travel: Automatical Travel Support Site Generation based on Review Analysis per Travel Style

For traveling and sightseeing, many people often use travel review sites and travel information maga-zines. Some travel review sites allow users to browse sightseeing spots and food of a target place depending on travel styles such as “alone,” “friend,” “family,” and “couple. ” Some users try to utilize such a function while planning their travel and/or stopping over at somewhere (not a planed place) in their travel. However, the function of search per travel style of the existing travel review sites is not enough useful when a traveler searches for sightseeing spots and restaurants by querying a target place and adding “friend” as a travel style condition, because the search results for some places are not helpful for her/him due to lack of reviews. Therefore, this paper aims at developing an automatical travel support site generation system that extracts place-speciﬁc spots and oﬀers users with the ranking of them per travel style, by exhaustively collecting place-speciﬁc reviews from many travel review sites and analyzing them classiﬁed per travel style
Rumen protozoa of different ages of beef cattle raised in tropical pastures during the dry season

ABSTRACT The purpose of this study was to quantify, identify and compare the protozoa populations in the rumen of different ages of beef cattle raised in tropical pastures during the dry season. We sampled the ruminal fluid of 36 steers, 34 cows and 30 calves, all crossbred Nelore. The ruminal fluid was diluted in 10% formaldehyde solution and decimal dilutions were prepared in saline solution to quantify small, medium and large protozoa in Sedgewick Rafter chamber. A total of 135,800 protozoa were evaluated in an optical microscope using Lugol’s iodine coloration and the genera were classified according to the morphological characteristics. Total protozoa populations were significantly lower in calf samples. The average of small protozoa population was higher than that of other protozoa groups while the large ciliate population was lower. Protozoa belonging to 17 different genera were identified, showing diversity in this ecosystem. Charonina spp. was the most frequent for both bovine groups. Entodinium spp. was more prevalent in adult cattle and while Buetschilia spp. was more prevalent in calves. In this study, a considerable population of ruminal ciliates presenting high diversity was observed in cattle raised on tropical lignified pastures and their genus profile varied according to the ages of the animals.