Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Atmospheric chemistry of toluene-1,2-oxide/2-methyloxepin

A kinetic and product study of the atmospheric chemistry of toluene-1,2-oxide/2-methyloxepin, a possible intermediate in the OH-initiated oxidation of toluene, was conducted in a 1080 l quartz glass reaction chamber. The compound was found to be unstable, with a thermal decomposition lifetime of (333±83) min. Photolysis with superactinic lamps (320 nm<λ<460 nm, λmax=360 nm) was found to be slow, while that with low-pressure Hg lamps (λmax=254 nm) proceeded rapidly. For clear sky conditions at noon on July 1 at a latitude of 40°N, an atmospheric photolytic lifetime of (26±4) min can be extrapolated from the experimental data using the superactinic lamps. For the reaction with OH radicals, a reaction rate constant of (2.1±0.1)×10−10 cm3 molecule−1 s−1 was determined; the main products were E/Z-isomers of 6-oxohepta-2,4-dienal. Reaction with NO3 radicals was observed to proceed with a rate constant of (1.27±0.10)×10−11 cm3 molecule−1 s−1; the main products were unidentified nitrogen-containing compounds. In addition, 2E,4Z-6-oxohexa-2,4-dienal was identified; other isomers are probably formed as well. The results suggest that under atmospheric conditions both photolysis and reaction with OH radicals will be important sinks for toluene-1,2-oxide/2-methyloxepin, while reaction with NO3 radicals will become important under laboratory conditions at high concentrations of NOx, possibly also in heavily polluted tropospheric air masses.
Combustion of Liquid Fuels in a Porous Radiant Burner

Abstract The combustion of a liquid fuel within a highly porous inert medium (PIM) has been investigated numerically and experimentally A one-dimensional laminar flow model is used in this work. Combustion is modeled using a multistep reaction mechanism. Non-local thermal equilibrium between the gas, the liquid, and the solid phases is accounted for by considering separate energy equations for the three phases. Nongray solid radiation and droplet radiation absorption are included in the model. The equations for the liquid phase are formulated using a Lagrangian description and the equations for the gas and solid phases are formulated using an Eulerian description. A burner that allows effective control of the equivalence ratio and the burning rate is built to study the phenomena. Burning rates, temperature, and emissions are measured Numerical results are obtained for droplet size and temperature history as well as flame speed and temperature profile within the burner. Effects of various parameters on the.
Biobased polyurethanes from polyether polyols obtained by ionic‐coordinative polymerization of epoxidized methyl oleate

A series of poly(ether urethane) networks were synthesized from polyether polyols obtained by ionic-coordinative polymerization of epoxidized methyl oleate (EMO) using 4,4′-methylenebis(phenyl isocyanate) or l-lysine diisocyanate as coupling agents. Moreover, a variety of segmented poly(ether urethane) networks with different hard segment contents were obtained using 1,3-propanediol as the chain extender. The materials were characterized by differential scanning calorimetry, thermogravimetric analysis, dynamic mechanical thermal analysis, and tensile properties. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem, 2010
Comparing Classification Algorithm With Genetic Algorithm In Public Transport Analysis

Congestion major cities in Indonesia caused by the proliferation of the use of private vehicles. Some people express their opinions and its opinion regarding public transport users through social media sites and other websites. This opinion can be used as a sentiment analysis material to find out whether the public transport service is positive or negative. The results of the sentiment analysis can help in the assessment and evaluation of the use of public transportation, it is also expected to improve services and facilities from public transportation so that the public tends to have a positive opinion. Based on the results of the sentiment analysis, it is expected that the community will switch to using public transportation which will certainly reduce congestion. In this study also added preprocessing stages by using the GataFramework framework to complete processes that cannot be done on RapidMiner tools. The method used in this study is sentiment analysis with the method of applying genetic algorithms for feature selection with comparative classification algorithms. Performed by testing the composition of various data. From the results of testing for the case in this study, it was found that the Support Vector Machine classification algorithm based on Genetic Algorithms had a fairly good average accuracy of 76.11% and AUC value of 0.778% with the Fair Classification diagnosis level compared to the three methods such as Naive Bayes, Support Vector Machine and Naive Bayes based on Genetic Algorithms. So that in this study Support Vector Machine classification algorithm based on Genetic Algorithm can be recommended as an algorithm classification good enough to analyze land transportation public sentiment. Based on the analysis it is expected that the public sentiment will switch to using public transport which would reduce congestion.
AN ANALYSIS OF THE VERBAL COMMUNICATION OF PEER COUNSELORS IN PERFORMING ONLINE COUNSELING SERVICES

Th is study focuse d on an analysis of the verbal communication of peer counselors in performing online counseling services in the pandemic phase in Indonesia. This study utilized a qualitative research approach with analytical decriptive , referring to a method to obtain a view sistematically, factual ly , and accurate ly related to the facts and properties of the objects into which the research focuse d. Then, the results of the finding we re analyzed and interpreted to draw conclusions. The online peer counseling services were performed by students of BK UNMA for 2 weeks . The s ervices were available by using some social media. The online p ee r counseling services focused on interpersonal communication process es through communication channels. Results indicated that in performing online counseling services, the counselors use d several verbal communication techniques , such as i nvitations to start, reception/show ing understanding, reflection of mind, reflection of feelings, clarification s of messages, feedback, alternative presentation s , inquir ies , interpretation s , diagnosis, support s / guidance, and suggestion. The se technique s were performed based on the dominant issues the clients face d, which were related to self-confidence/ insecure , and family and employment problems .
(1-x)PMN-xPT Ceramics Prepared by Conventional and Modified Columbite Route: Effect on Electrical Properties

This study aims to demonstrate how the chemical homogeneity of B cations affects the microstructure and electrical responses of (1-x)PMN-xPT ceramics. Two methodologies were employed to synthesize three different compositions, with x assuming the values 0.10, 0.28, and 0.35. If compared to conventional method, the Ti-modified columbite route, which is characterized by higher B cation homogeneity, leads to PMN-PT powders and ceramics with lower content of PNT pyrochlore phase and, for 0.65PMN-0.35PT composition, minor amount of tetragonal phase is found. Conclusively, PMN-PT ceramics obtained by modified route favors B cations homogeneity, enhancing the dielectric, ferroelectric and piezoelectric properties.
Physiotherapy Students Satisfaction on Clinical Learning Environment and Supervision at University of Ghana

1 Department of Physiotherapy, School of Biomedical and Allied Health Sciences, College of Health Sciences, University of Ghana. Accra, Ghana, Department of Physiotherapy, Salvation Army Rehabilitation Centre, P.O. Box 10, Begoro, Eastern Region, Ghana, 3 Department of Physiotherapy, School of Biomedical and Allied Health Sciences, College of Health Sciences, University of Ghana, Accra, Ghana / School of Health Professions Education, Faculty of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, Maastricht University, Netherlands / Centre for Sport, Exercise and Osteoarthritis Research Versus Arthritis, UK, West African Football Academy, Sogakope, Volta Region, Ghana. P.O. Box CT 5619 Accra Ghana
The financial impact of improved hand hygiene on healthcare-associated infections in the UK

Background: Though high hand hygiene (HH) levels significantly reduce the risk of healthcare-associated infections (HCAIs), the current cost of HCAIs and the impact of optimal HH practices on HCAIs are poorly defined. The last NHS England financial assessment was in 2009. Methods: The number of HCAIs per bed per year for NHS England were calculated and average costs were attributed using data from three sources; National Audit Office report, a commercially available calculator, and a financial analysis by a specialist paediatric hospital in England. Improved HH compliance for NHS England was based on a sustained rise in compliance rates from 50 to 80% combined with an HCAI reduction of at least 20%. The cost savings based on such improvements were then calculated. Results: In 2020, it is estimated that the number of HCAIs per bed per year ranges from 3.0 to 9.3, with a midpoint of 5.1. The direct costs of HCAI to NHS England were found to lie between £1.6 and £5 billion. Based on a 20% reduction in HCAI rates, this could lead to cost savings of between £322 million and £1 billion per year. Conclusion: Current direct costs of HCAIs consume approximately 1.3% to 4.1% of NHS England’s annual budget. Improving HH compliance among healthcare workers can lead to significant cost savings. There appears to be a strong financial argument for investment into innovative HH compliance technologies that have been historically perceived as too expensive.
“TÜBİTAK BİLİM GENÇ” WEB SAYFASINDAKİ VİDEOLARIN YENİLİKÇİ FEN DENEY KRİTERLERİNE GÖRE ÖĞRETMEN ADAYLARIYLA TEKRAR TASARLANARAK İNCELENMESİ*

In this study, the science videos on the "TÜBİTAK Bilim Genç" website were analyzed with preservice science teachers according to innovative science experiment criteria. The study was carried out in two equal classes in Buca Education Faculty in the fall semester of the 2019-2020 academic year. Participants are third-grade pre-service teachers who take science teaching laboratory practice I course. According to the random assignment method, one of the two equal classes was determined as experiment 1 group (n: 24) and the other as experiment 2 group (n: 25). The study was realized through an experimental mixed methodology as a nested model. In the application part of the study, rotation model, which is one of the semi-experimental models, was adopted. In the study, "Innovative Science Experiment Criteria (ISEC)" scale and "Semi-Structured Interview Form" were used as data collection tools. The quantitative data obtained from the ISEC scale of the study were analyzed and supported with qualitative data obtained through a semi-structured interview form. Quantitative data were analyzed using descriptive statistical methods. The content analysis was used in the analysis of qualitative data. As a result of the study, it was determined that there is a significant difference between the pre-test and post-test mean scores of the ISEC scale according to the pre-service teachers who design experiments with the science videos on the “TÜBİTAK Bilim Genç” website and the preservice teachers who design experiments with problem-based learning scenarios. According to the analysis of the quantitative data obtained by designing and implementing the experiments suitable for the science videos on the "TÜBİTAK Bilim Genç" website, it was concluded that the experimental materials were accessible, the experiments were easy to apply, and the experiments were suitable for editing and editing. It has been determined that the science videos on the "TÜBİTAK Bilim Genç " website are appropriate for the student level, excite pre-service teachers and stimulate their imagination, establish a relationship with the learning outcomes of the course and daily life, and offer solutions to the problems encountered.
Effects of side-chain length on the charge transport properties of discotic liquid crystals and their implications for the transport mechanism

Four homologous mesogens of the hexakis(n-alkoxy)triphenylene series (HATn, n= 4,6,9,11), have been doped with the one electron oxidant NOBF4, and the electrical conductivity measured as a function of frequency in the hexagonal columnar Dh phase. The limiting low-frequency conductivities both parallel, σ‖, and perpendicular, σ⊥, to the column axes decrease exponentially with increasing side-chain length. The value of σ‖ decreases by three orders of magnitude in going from n= 4 to n= 11. This can be understood in terms of an increasing degree of disorder in the packing of molecules in the columns. The decrease of σ⊥ by some two orders of magnitude can be attributed to the increase in the distance between the columns.
The application of the international classification of functioning, disability and health as a framework in clinical reasoning; educators’ and graduates’ perspectives: a qualitative study

Abstract Background The use of the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF) as a framework to scaffold students' clinical reasoning is recommended to address the multifactorial context of service delivery and complexities of health issues. However the application of the ICF in clinical reasoning is still not optimal due to personal and institutional factors. To train students to use the ICF in clinical reasoning, we need to understand both the students’ and the educators' perspectives on its use as a framework. Objective The purpose was to explore and compare perspectives of physiotherapy educators and graduates toward applying clinical reasoning using the ICF as a framework. Methods a qualitative approach adopting interpretive research paradigms was employed to understand how educators and graduates perceive the use of ICF in clinical reasoning. Two focus groups were used for data collection. Six graduates and five educators participated in the study. Major findings We identified five common themes between educators and graduates that described how the application of the ICF shaped clinical reasoning during students’ final year of study. These themes represent different approaches toward practicing clinical reasoning using the ICF, namely; critical thinking, workplace environment, holistic, activity and participation, and patient-centered. Conclusion results revealed that the use of the ICF in clinical reasoning helped students develop contextual awareness and adopt a holistic and patient-centered approach. Some challenges like unsupportive workplaces were reported by both educators and graduates which hindered the use of the ICF in clinical reasoning. Another challenge reported by graduates and having a negative impact on their learning was different expectations from educators.
RO membrane treatment of domestic grey-water containing different detergent types

AbstractWater reclamation from grey-water containing detergent and salinity (∼2,000 ppm) was carried out using indigenously developed brackish water TFC membrane module (4040 size) at 250 psi operating pressure. Reusable water with <300 ppm inorganic solutes and trace amounts of organic content of detergent origin was produced upon reverse osmosis (RO) treatment of grey-water. The RO module performance in terms of product flux was influenced by the detergent type present in the feed water. While the product flux was rather unchanged for the feed containing a commercial linear alkyl benzene-alfa olefin sulfonate-soda ash based detergent, a significant flux decline (∼25%) was observed for the feed containing a commercial C8–C24 primary/secondary ethoxylates based detergent. However, the membrane selectivity in terms of salt rejection was slightly higher for the feed with detergent than that of the detergent-free feed. This can be due to the surface-active agent of the detergent which alters the surface pote.
Entity Alignment and Entity Links Analysis Based on the Knowledge Graph

In the construction process of the knowledge graph of entity information, usually a single knowledge base, based on a single data source build knowledge graph easy to form information island, such as insufficient knowledge coverage, so need through knowledge fusion will multi-source heterogeneous data fusion to the target knowledge base, improve the accuracy and richness of the knowledge graph. Entity alignment and entity link are the crucial part of the knowledge fusion module. The quality of the model affects the accuracy and richness of the knowledge graph. Therefore, the study of entity alignment and entity link in the knowledge fusion module is of great significance and value.
Oil product fluorescence spectra analysed under excitation at a wavelength of 266 nm

Experimental studies of the laser-induced fluorescence spectra of oil products for the fluorescence excitation wavelength of 266 nm were performed. A schematic diagram of the experimental setup and results of processing the laser-induced fluorescence spectra are presented. It is shown that the laser-induced fluorescence spectra of various oil products are in different spectral bands and have different spectral widths. The light-end oil products (gasoline, kerosene) have the narrowest spectra (a spectral width of ∼30 nm) with a spectrum maximum at the wavelength of ∼ 330 nm. Oil has the widest spectral width (∼ 200 nm and more) with a spectrum maximum at the wavelength of ∼ 440-450 nm. The heavy-oil products (diesel fuel, engine oil) and gas condensate fall in between. The heavy-oil products have a spectral width of ∼ 60-100 nm with a spectrum maximum at the wavelength of ∼ 360 nm. The gas condensate has a spectral width of ∼ 150 nm with a spectrum maximum at the wavelength of ∼ 430 nm.
Planning systems on the move? persistence and change of the German planning system

ABSTRACT The paper addresses the relationship of planning systems and related processes of institutional change. It evaluates the persistence and change of the German planning system with a focus on recent impacts of Europeanisation. It shows that the ability to transform institutional patterns of spatial planning in Germany is rather limited. The German planning system has not undergone revolutionary shifts during the last five decades, but it is ‘by-passed’ by a new and mostly informal planning sphere recently. The latter is triggered by financial incentives bound to European structural funds and characterized by a strong focus on experimental spatial development.
An uncertain, erratic story: the pandemic in the UK

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to study the pandemic from the perspective of the UK health-care system and risk management. Design/methodology/approach This paper follows a storytelling perspective. The author reflects on his experiences through the lens of research on health care and risk management. Findings The impact of the pandemic has been so massive that it has challenged the capacity of the UKs National Health Service. The political influences at work have not always promoted best practice in risk management and indicate blame-avoidance strategies by politicians. Research limitations/implications A single country experience of COVID-19. Practical implications There are major issues of asset management, of delays in decision-making, of supply chain problems and the need to reform processes of handling of crisis management. Originality/value This is an individual account of experiences of the pandemic.
Chordoid Meningioma: Case Report and Review of the Literature

Citation: Prokopienko M, Wierzba-Bobrowicz T, Grajkowska W, Stępień T, Sobstyl M (2020) Chordoid Meningioma: Case Report and Review of the Literature. Neurosurg Cases Rev 3:045. doi. org/10.23937/2643-4474/1710045 Accepted: November 14, 2020; Published: November 16, 2020 Copyright: © 2020 Prokopienko M, et al. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. Open Access Neurosurgery Cases and Reviews
Predicting Solute Transport in Soils Second‐Order Two‐Site Models

Failure of numerous efforts to describe the movement of reactive solutes in soils is often due to inaccurate identification of solute-soil interactions or to the lack of independently derived model parameters. The main objective of this work was to test the applicability of chemical vs. physical nonequilibrium approaches in describing the transport of solutes in soils. The models evaluated are based on second-order two-site approaches (SOTS) with and without consideration of physical nonequilibrium in soils. The capability of these approaches for predicting the transport of metolachlor [2-Chloro-N-(2-ethyl-6-methylphenyl)-N-(2-methoxy-1-methylethyl)acetamide] in Sharkey clay (very-fine, smectitic, thermic Chromic Epiaquerts) soil columns of different aggregate sizes (<2, 2-4, and 4-6 mm) was examined. Moreover, two sets of model parameters were independently derived from the kinetic retention experiments. The first set was based on kinetic adsorption isotherms, and the second set utilized both adsorption and desorption kinetic retention (batch) results. Judging from data on the total root mean square error, parameters based on adsorption and desorption batch results provided breakthrough curve (BTC) predictions that are improved over those of parameters from adsorption kinetics only. The coupled physical and chemical nonequilibrium model (SOTS plus mobile-immobile [MIM]: SOTS-MIM) considerably improved BTC predictions for the 2- to 4-and 4- to 6-mm soil aggregate sizes. We conclude that the modified SOTS and SOTS-MIM methods provided an improved description of metolachlor transport in the Sharkey soil. Based on total root mean square errors, the modified SOTS-MIM with parameters derived from adsorption and desorption kinetic retention experiments provided best overall BTC predictions.
Closure Problem for Precipitation

A closure procedure based on the probability density functions of the concentrations of chemically inert species has been proposed and applied to derive the mathematical forms of the local average values of the nonlinear reaction, nucleation and crystal growth terms. Applied to experimental results for BaSO 4 precipitation, satisfactory agreement between predicted and observed results was obtained for two tubular reactors. In experiments solutions of BaCl 2 and Na 2 SO 4 were contacted in tubular reactor equipped with an impingement mix-head.
Partitioning of U(VI) and Eu(III) between Acidic Aqueous Al(NO3)3 and Tributyl Phosphate in n‐Dodecane

Abstract The preferred approach to removing Al from Hanford tank sludges, based on aqueous alkaline leaching, often does not achieve complete success. Previous laboratory investigations on the treatment of Hanford tank sludge simulant samples indicate that an acidic scrub can enhance the dissolution of Al from various sludge matrices. If acidic leaching was deployed to enhance removal of tank waste residues, the resulting acidic Al(NO3)3 leachate solution could contain measurable amounts of solubilized transuranic elements and so would demand treatment prior to disposal. In this study, a liquid‐liquid extraction system for the decontamination of the HNO3/Al(NO3)3 aqueous leachate by contact with 60% v/v tributyl phosphate (TBP)/n‐dodecane organic solution has been examined. The partitioning of U and Eu between the TBP phase and solutions of varying [HNO3] and [Al(NO3)3] containing small amounts of Cr or ascorbic acid have been investigated. The results indicate that >99% of both species could be removed from the aqueous phase using such a process.