Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Iodine status in pregnant Nigerian women; Does Gestational age matters?

Background: Iodine deficiency affects over 2.2 billion individuals globally. It is the most common cause of hypothyroidism in pregnancy and remains the leading cause of preventable infant intellectual deficits. This study set out to determine the relationship between gestational age and iodine status in Nigerian women. Methods: This was a prospective cross-sectional study with a total study population of 220 pregnant and 110 nonpregnant participants. Urinary Iodine Excretion (UIE) was performed using the Sandell–Kolthoff reaction. Pregnant women were grouped into three trimesters (0–13 weeks, 14–26 weeks, and ≥27 weeks.). Analysis of variance was used in comparison of means, Chi-square test used in analyzing proportions, while P ≤ 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: The median UIE was 135 μg/L in pregnant and 120 μg/L in the nonpregnant women. Among the pregnant women, 133 (60.5%) had insufficient iodine intake (UIE <150 μg/L) while 29 (27.3%) of the nonpregnant women had inadequate iodine intake (UIE <100 μg/L). The median UIE was 140, 139, and 120 μg/L in the first, second, and third trimesters, respectively (P = 0.13). The median UIE declined with advancing gestational age. The percentage of pregnant women with inadequate iodine intake was 53.6% in the first trimester and 59% and 72.6% in the second and third trimesters, respectively (P = 0.03). Conclusion: Three-fifths of the pregnant women had inadequate iodine intake. The median UIE decreased with advancing gestation. Iodine supplementation before and during pregnancy would help improve the iodine status in pregnancy.
An Adaptive Fault-Tolerant Strategy in Library Cloud Storage System

The advantage of cloud storage is to attract a large number of libraries to use cloud platforms to store collections of literature resources. In order to avoid the increase of failure probability of cloud storage nodes caused by the increase of data volume, the design of fault-tolerant technology is particularly important. Due to the advantages and disadvantages of common fault-tolerant technologies, this paper proposes an adaptive switching fault-tolerant strategy, which can switch between copy replication fault-tolerant technology and erasure code fault-tolerant technology on the basis of literature access frequency and literature size. The experimental results show that the proposed scheme saves 43% storage space compared with the copy replication fault-tolerant technology, and improves 52% data recovery time compared with the erasure code fault-tolerant technology.
A case of epileptic seizure due to lidocaine local anesthesia

Lidocaine is an amide-structured local anesthetic commonly used in practice in anesthesiology. Because of its rapid onset, it is frequently used in topical and infiltration anesthesia, regional blocks, regional intravenous anesthesia (RIVA) and general anesthesia to suppress hemodynamic responses to intubation, as well as some cardiac arrhythmias and epileptic seizures. Here, we present a case with seizures and impaired consciousness following iv lidocaine treatment during sedoanalgesia without a history of epilepsy. A thirty-seven-year-old female patient, who was scheduled for a cervical biopsy operation in the Gynecology and Obstetrics clinic, developed a loss of consciousness due to lidocaine with tonic-clonic epileptic seizures during treatment with sedoanalgesia. The patient was intubated with 2 mg midazolam, 200 mg propofol and 50 mg rocuronium intravenously, while oxygen was provided by mask at 6 liters / min. Anesthesia was maintained with 4 lt / min 50% oxygen and 50% air mixture and 2% sevoflurane. There were signs of respiratory acidosis in the blood gas analysis. She was intubated for half an hour by a mechanical ventilator. The operation was canceled. In blood gas monitoring the values were within normal limits. Sugammadex was applied by the gynecology and obstetrics department. In all cases where local anesthetic is planned, necessary precautions should be taken to cope with rare complications.
Direct and indirect selection and index selection in broiler line

Foram comparados metodos de selecao direta e indireta e indices de selecao relacionados com caracteristicas produtivas em linhagens paterna e materna de matrizes de frango de corte, utilizando-se informacoes de 1962 femeas da linhagem materna e 3870 machos da linhagem paterna de frangos de corte. Na linhagem paterna, a selecao por meio de I1 = 1,67(P42) + 1,02 (CPeito) corresponderia a ganhos geneticos por geracao, em relacao a media da caracteristica, de 10,86% e 10,42%, respectivamente. Na linhagem materna, a selecao por meio de I1 = 0,005(P42) – 0,018(IMS) corresponderia a ganhos geneticos por geracao, em relacao a media da caracteristica, de 2,9% e –0,1%, respectivamente. A selecao por indices de selecao pode resultar em melhores ganhos geneticos que os observados em procedimentos de selecao direta e indireta, podendo atingir com maior eficiencia e rapidez os objetivos do programa de melhoramento em frango de corte.
“Are You Playing a Shooter Again?!” Deep Representation Learning for Audio-Based Video Game Genre Recognition

In this paper, we present a novel computer audition task: audio-based video game genre classification. The aim of this study is threefold: 1) to check the feasibility of the proposed task; 2) to introduce a new corpus: The Game Genre by Audio + Multimodal Extracts (G<inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">$^{2}$</tex-math></inline-formula>AME), collected entirely from social multimedia; and 3) to compare the efficacy of various acoustic feature spaces to classify the G<inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">$^{2}$</tex-math></inline-formula>AME corpus into six game genres using a linear support vector machine classifier. For the classification we extract three different feature representations from the game audio files: 1) Knowledge-based acoustic features; 2) <sc>Deep Spectrum</sc> features; and 3) quantized <sc>Deep Spectrum</sc> features using Bag-of-Audio-Words. The <sc>Deep Spectrum</sc> features are a deep-learning-based representation derived from forwarding the visual representations of the audio instances, in particular spectrograms, mel-spectrograms, chromagrams, and their deltas through deep task-independent pretrained CNNs. Specifically, activations of fully connected layers from three common image classification CNNs, GoogLeNet, AlexNet, and VGG16 are used as feature vectors. Results for the six-genre classification problem indicate the suitability of our deep learning approach for this task. Our best method achieves an accuracy of up to 66.9% unweighted average recall using tenfold cross-validation.
A 25-MHz Four-Phase SAW Hysteretic Control DC–DC Converter With 1-Cycle Active Phase Count

In order to meet stringent power requirements in modern application processors, a 25-MHz four-phase dc–dc power converter is presented. It employs an adaptive window hysteretic control to facilitate ultra-fast transient response and minimize output voltage (<inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$V_{O}$ </tex-math></inline-formula>) undershoot and overshoot during load transient periods. Inherent clock synchronization ability ensures current balancing between phase sub-converters. The control also enables a wide range of programmable <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$V_{O}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> for dynamic voltage/frequency scaling. To maintain high efficiency over a wide power range without degrading transient speed, a 1-cycle active phase count scheme is introduced. A design prototype was fabricated in a 0.35-<inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\mu \text{m}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> CMOS process with an active die of 1.88 mm<sup>2</sup>. Simple circuit structure benefits a power density of 3.98 W/mm<sup>2</sup>. At a switching frequency of 25 MHz and a nominal input of 3.3 V, it regulates a programmable <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$V_{O}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> ranging from 0.3 to 2.5 V. It achieves more than 80% efficiency over 96.7% of power range with a peak value of 88.1%. In response to 4-A load step-up/down, it achieves 103 mV/123 mV <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$V_{O}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> undershoot/overshoot with 1% settling time of 190 ns/237 ns, respectively.
Tryptophan Photolysis Leads to a UVB‐lnduced 66 kDa Photoproduct of Ribulose‐1,5 Bisphosphate Carboxylase/Oxygenase (Rubisco) In Vitro and In Vivo

Abstract— Proteins are vulnerable to environmental UVB (290‐320 nm) because aromatic amino acids, particularly Trp, absorb in this spectral region. We have shown previously that UVB impacts on ribulose‐l,5‐bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase (Rubisco), resulting in the formation of a 66 kDa photoproduct in vivo (Wilson et al, Plant Physiol. 109,221–229, 1995). To determine if Trp photolysis is involved in the production of this specific protein photoproduct, the effects of UVB on a homogeneous preparation of Rubisco were examined. A UVB photoproduct of 66 kDa, identical to the in vivo product, was formed in vitro. The 66 kDa product was shown by immunological methods to be a cross‐link between a large subunit (53 kDa) and a small subunit (14 kDa). Time‐resolved Trp fluorescence was used to demonstrate that a Trp fluorescence signal is lost with kinetics that mirror the rate of formation of the 66 kDa photoproduct, indicating that a Trp photolysis step is involved in the mechanism of photoproduct formation. The relative rates of both Trp photolysis and 66 kDa photoproduct formation did not change with Rubisco concentration, consistent with a monomolecular reaction that would occur between sub‐units within a Rubisco holoenzyme complex. Finally, formation of the 66 kDa photoproduct was found to be pH dependent.
Intercalibration of age readings of ling (Molva molva L.) blue ling (Molva dipterygia Pennant, 1784) and tusk (Brosme brosme L.)

To facilitate intercalibration of the age readings of ling, blue ling and tusk, series of otoliths were exchanged among the fisheries laboratories in Iceland, the Faroes and Norway. For ling and tusk, the precision was significantly improved by the exchange exercises, but remained relatively low. Many large specimens could not be aged with confidence, and for tusk of all sizes a rather high proportion of the otoliths were unreadable. For blue ling, some progress was made using otolith sections of juvenile fish, but it remained difficult to decide what patterns should be accepted as annuli. The age readings from otoliths of 1-2 group tusk and blue ling corresponded well with assumed ages based on modes in the length-frequency distributions from Icelandic groundfish surveys.
The validity of the critical size theory for particles leaving the rumen

Summary Three grasses and two legumes, each at two stages of maturity, were fed to three fistulated sheep and samples of the feed, and faeces and contents of the reticulo-rumen, abomasum and ileum were collected for the determination of particle size by wet sieving. Modulus of fineness (MF) was calculated for all particulate matter that failed to pass a 0·15 mm screen. Resistance to flow from the rumen of feed particles of different sizes was also calculated. The mean MF of the reticulo-rumen contents was 2·56 compared with 5·72 for the feed. Material leaving the rumen and found in the abomasum had a MF of 1·67 and subsequent changes were small and not significant; ileum 1·63, faeces 1·80. Particles greater than 1·18 mm passed out of the reticulo-rumen although the quantity was small (1–3%). The resistance to flow of particles of different sizes from the reticulo-rumen was closely related to particle size with no difference between grasses and legumes or between young and mature forages. It was concluded that in modelling the flow of particles from the reticulo-rumen a non-compartmentalized approach should be adopted, but if a simple two-compartment model is required then a critical sieve size of about 1·18 mm may be useful, since less than 5% of the particulate material is retained on this sieve size.
Pathophysiology of heart/lung disorders: pulmonary hypertension syndrome in broiler chickens

Pulmonary hypertension syndrome (PHS, ascites) in broiler chickens provides an outstanding example of the pathophysiological interplay between the lungs and heart. Recent research has confirmed the hypothesis that PHS susceptible broilers have an inherent potential to outgrow their pulmonary vascular capacity. Definitive proof that pulmonary hypertension (PH) is initiated as a consequence of an excessive pulmonary arterial resistance was obtained through measurements of pulmonary wedge pressures. Definitive proof that a pulmonary diffusion limitation causes the hypoxaemia characteristic of susceptible broilers was demonstrated by the rapid return to full arterial blood oxygenation in pre-ascitic broilers when they were provided with 100% oxygen to breathe. Experiments involving acute and chronic unilateral pulmonary occlusion provided definitive proof that the entire pathogenesis of PHS can be replicated by reducing the pulmonary vascular capacity. These experiments conclusively demonstrate that the resistance of broilers to PHS depends upon the capacity of their pulmonary vasculature to accept the requisite cardiac output at blood flow rates and pressures sufficiently low to avoid triggering PH and systemic hypoxaemia. The chronic unilateral pulmonary artery occlusion technique was successfully applied to develop a broiler line that is highly resistant to PHS induced by fast growth and exposure to rigorous cool temperatures, demonstrating for the first time that a dominant gene codes for a highly significant proportion of the PHS susceptibility. We now possess the knowledge necessary to create broiler lines capable of maintaining extremely rapid growth under rigorous field conditions while retaining very low susceptibility to PHS.
The economic consequences of integrating whole-crop wheat with grass production on dairy farms in the UK: a computer simulation.

Harvesting techniques, which involve simultaneously preserving and upgrading mature crops of whole cereals using an alkali, have been developed. When treated crops have been fed to sheep and cattle, satisfactory intakes and growth rates have been observed. With the possibility of falling cereal prices, such an end-use for grain crops may be attractive in the future. Accordingly, a mathematical model of the production, harvesting and utilization of whole-crop wheat and grass silage has been developed to examine the economic implications. Using the model, the comparative costs of growing and feeding alkali-treated whole-crop wheat in place of grass silage for winter milk production have been examined. A milk production system based on whole-crop wheat rather than grass silage is estimated to improve profits by up to £130 per cow. However, the improvement in profitability is very sensitive to assumptions about the uses for surplus land or silage arising from such a switch. Furthermore, for physiological reasons it may be prudent to restrict the quantity of whole-crop wheat fed to about 50% of the total forage intake. Thus, whole-crop cereals may best be seen as a complement to rather than a substitute for grass silage. However, in the absence of data on feeding dairy cows with treated wheat silage, research is required before the computer simulations can be corroborated.
Unsupervised and Semi-supervised Algorithms for Discovery of Aspects from Code-mixed Social Media Data

The core research which governs the domain of opinion mining for social media is Sentiment Analysis (SA). SA retrieves the subjective content of interest, and evaluates the sentiment polarities (positive, negative, neutral) of a piece of text (word, sentence, document). In SA, aspect extraction works at the word level where it extracts features(aspects) that people express in their opinions (Liu, 2012). Automatic extraction of aspects from increasingly connected, commonly multilingual, large, noisy, unstructured but thematically aligned social media text is one of the important areas of concern in recent research. More and more multilingual interactions on social media today, commonly comprise of opinions communicated in random mix of multiple languages. Sociolinguists called such phenomenon as “code-mixing ” and the data obtained through such interactions as “code-mixed data ”. Therefore, there is a need to build algorithms which can deal with code-mixed data, and address the problems of automatic interpretation and extraction of aspects. It is known that such aspects are often highly dispersed across languages and are latent, and therefore the extraction of aspects is a challenging task. In this research work, the focus has been on the problem of aspect discovery from code-mixed social media content using unsupervised and semi-supervised topic modeling. An attempt has been made to improve the coherence of aspects extracted from monolingual social conversations. The major part of the work however is focused on coherent aspect discovery from code-mixed data. In this thesis, initially, an overview of the aspect discovery framework for code-mixed data and data representation techniques for effective representation of code-mixed data have been presented. In social media context, unsupervised probabilistic topic model based aspect extraction for monolingual content, has been done in the BabelNet based Coherent topic-based aspect filtering (BCohen) model. The domain knowledge has been induced in BCohen for coherence improvement of aspects and identification of generic and specific aspects has been done. An unsupervised code-mixed probabilistic model called codemixed Probabilistic Latent Semantic Analysis (cm-PLSA) has been designed
Palmprint Identification for Biometric System

— Multibiometrics can give higher recognizable proof exactness than single biometrics, so it is more reasonable for some genuine individual recognizable proof applications that need exclusive expectation security. Among different biometrics advances, palmprint ID has gotten much consideration on account of its great execution. Joining the left and right palmprint pictures to perform multibiometrics is anything but difficult to actualize and can get better outcomes. In any case, past examinations did not investigate this issue top to bottom. In this work, we proposed a novel system to perform multibiometrics by thoroughly joining the left and right palmprint pictures. This structure coordinated three sorts of scores created from the left and right palmprint pictures to perform coordinating score-level combination. The initial two sorts of scores were, individually, produced from the left and right palmprint pictures and can be gotten by any palmprint recognizable proof technique, though the third sort of score was acquired utilizing a particular calculation proposed in this work. As the proposed calculation precisely takes the idea of the left furthermore, right palmprint pictures into account, it can legitimately misuse the likeness of the left and right palmprints of a similar subject. In addition, the proposed weighted combination plot permitted consummate ID execution to be acquired in examination with past palmprint ID techniques.
CertiCAN: A Tool for the Coq Certification of CAN Analysis Results

This paper introduces CertiCAN, a tool produced using the Coq proof assistant for the formal certification of CAN analysis results. Result certification is a process that is light-weight and flexible compared to tool certification, which makes it a practical choice for industrial purposes. The analysis underlying CertiCAN, which is based on a combined use of two well-known CAN analysis techniques, is computationally efficient. Experiments demonstrate that CertiCAN is faster than the corresponding certified combined analysis. More importantly, it is able to certify the results of RTaW-Pegase, an industrial CAN analysis tool, even for large systems. This result paves the way for a broader acceptance of formal tools for the certification of real-time systems analysis results.
Orthodontic referral management systems: Do they make a difference?

Aims: To assess the performance of the referral management system (RMS) compared to a previous paper-based referral system and to determine whether referrals reflected the patients’ malocclusion and met current guidelines. Design: Three-cycle audit. Setting: Orthodontic Department, Liverpool University Dental Hospital, UK. Participants: Consecutive new orthodontic patient referrals. Methods: Data were collected prospectively from orthodontic referral letters and new patient clinic proformas (2016–2017). Cycle 1 assessed the original paper-based referral form, Cycle 2 assessed the first RMS online form and Cycle 3 assessed a modified RMS form. Results: Cycles 1, 2 and 3 audited 83, 84 and 81 referrals, respectively. Agreement between the reason for referral and the new patient clinic findings was moderate for Cycles 1 and 3 (Kappa = 0.47 and 0.60, respectively) and fair for Cycle 2 (Kappa = 0.40). In Cycles 1, 2 and 3, the proportion of new patients appropriate for hospital orthodontic care reduced from 52% to 51% and 40%, respectively. None of the three cycles reached the 90% target for compliance with current referral guidelines. Conclusions: Cycle 3’s RMS form gave a truer reflection of the patients’ malocclusion but reduced the proportion of appropriate referrals. Further audit is required in this area to investigate the cost-effectiveness and clinical benefits of the RMS.
Wood ash use in forestry – a review of the environmental impacts

The use of wood fuel for energy production in the UK is set to increase in the near future as part of a government commitment to increase renewable sources to 10 per cent by 2010. The ash generated as a by-product of combustion, whether for heat or power generation, has potential use as a fertilizer in forest systems. This review assesses the available information on factors affecting the quality of the ash and environmental implications arising from its application. The key determinants of wood ash chemistry are the tree species combusted, the nature of the burn process and the conditions at the application site. Wood ash from hardwood species produces higher levels of macronutrients in their ash than conifers, and the silica content is frequently lower. A furnace temperature between 500 and 900°C is critical to the retention of nutrients, particularly potassium, and determines the concentrations of potentially toxic metals including aluminium in the ash. Fly ash, the lightest component that accumulates in the fl ue system, can contain high concentrations of cadmium, copper, chromium, lead and arsenic and this ash should not be used as fertilizer. The form of the ash at application is important, with loose ash releasing Ca, K and Na more rapidly than granulated ash. Heavy metal, radionuclide and dioxin contamination of wood ash-based fertilizers is minimal and unlikely to affect ecosystem function. The effects of wood ash are primarily governed by application rate and soil type. The benefi ts are maximized at low dose rates, with possible toxicity from applications in excess of 10 t ha −1 . For most forest sites, a single wood ash application per rotation could replace all the nutrients lost after whole-tree harvesting (excepting N). Long-lasting positive effects on tree growth have been observed on shallow peats, in which the humus is slowly mineralized in response to elevated pH and increased nutrient availability. In contrast, wood ash application to podzols is only effective in enhancing tree growth when nitrogen availability is nonlimiting. To date, published research of wood ash effects on trees growing in clays and loams is minimal. A lag time for positive tree responses to wood ash application is often observed, and may be the result of phosphorous limitation at higher soil pH. The greatest reported adverse ecological effects are to acidophilic ecosystems, particularly the constituent bryophyte, soil bacteria and ectomycorrhizal communities.