Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Development of culturally sensitive psychotherapists

We propose a developmental model to describe how student-therapists learn to appropriately consider cultural factors in their clinical work with culturally diverse clients. The model is derived from discussions held in a seminar concerning mental health services and culture and from students' written accounts of how they considered cultural factors in providing therapy. Vignettes based on the written accounts are presented to illustrate the key developmental processes hypothesized to underlie psychotherapists' growing cultural sensitivity. The proposed model is contrasted with past models of therapist development. A research agenda guided by a social cognitive perspective is offered to test the proposed model. Many authors have written about how mental health professionals need to be sensitive to cultural issues in their clinical practice. Some authors have framed these concerns within the context of ethics (Pedersen & Marsella, 1982). Others have attempted to identify specific competencies and guidelines associated with the effective treatment and assessment of special populations (Figueroa, Sandoval, & Merino, 1984; D. W. Sue et al., 1982; S. Sue & Zane, 1987). The perspective taken in this literature is that of the expert pointing out why cultural skills are important and what one should do to enhance one's expertise in this area. Authors have given little attention to the perspective of the student developing or improving skills in the assessment and treatment of special populations. Given the overall lack of attention to students' training in these areas, we know little about the developmental processes associated with such training.
Evidence of the impact of deep convection on reactive VOC

Evidence of the impact of deep convection on reactive volatile organic compounds in the upper tropical troposphere during the AMMA experiment in West Africa J. Bechara, A. Borbon, C. Jambert, A. Colomb, and P. E. Perros Laboratoire Interuniversitaire des Systèmes Atmosphériques (LISA), Universités Paris 12 et Paris 7, CNRS, 61, avenue du Général de Gaulle, Créteil, France now at: Laboratoire d’Aérologie (LA), Université Paul Sabatier, CNRS, Toulouse, France Received: 18 July 2009 – Accepted: 12 August 2009 – Published: 29 September 2009 Correspondence to: J. Bechara (joelle.bechara@lisa.univ-paris12.fr) Published by Copernicus Publications on behalf of the European Geosciences Union.
DESCRIPCIÓN BIOMÉTRICA DE LA VOZ A PARTIR DE LA ESTRUCTURA BIOMECÁNICA DE LA CUERDA VOCAL

La parametrizacion del comportamiento dinamico de la cuerda vocal puede ser util en diferentes campos del procesado de la voz, como en sintesis, deteccion de patologias del aparato fonador, o en identificacion y verificacion del locutor. En el presente trabajo trata de la determinacion de los parametros biomecanicos de la cuerda vocal en forma no invasiva, generando estimaciones de las masas, elasticidades y perdidas asociadas al modelo de cuerda vocal compuesto por el cuerpo y la cubierta elastica de la misma (lamina propria). Se estimaciones de los valores efectivos de dichos parametros generados para una base de datos de individuos normofonicos. Estos resultados muestran una discrepancia de un orden de magnitud respecto a los valores clasicamente utilizados en modelado directo de la cuerda vocal. Esta se explicaria mediante el examen del patron de vibracion longitudinal de la cuerda. La parametrizacion presentada produce descriptores biometricos aplicables en logopedia, rehabilitacion y autentificacion.
6. TRACE AND RARE EARTH ELEMENT CHEMISTRY OF VOLCANIC ASHES FROM SITES 918 AND 919: IMPLICATIONS FOR ICELANDIC VOLCANISM 1

Miocene to Holocene sediments cored at Sites 918 and 919 in the Irminger Basin contain windblown ash layers derived from Icelandic volcanoes. They represent the most explosive volcanism of the rift system. In contrast, only those eruptions tha t produced lava flowing far from the rift zone are now exposed on Iceland due to subsidence close to the rift axis. Sediments older than 3.2 Ma contain little fresh glass, due to the hydrating effect of diagenetic fluids, although one basaltic layer dat ed at 10.5 Ma and three rhyolitic layers dated at 12.1 -12.7 Ma were found to contain fresh glass. Major, trace, and rare earth element data have been collected from aphyric glass shards from these ash layers, using a combination of electron and ion microprobe technology. The ashes are dominantly basaltic and tholeiitic in character and are principally derived from the rift zone, with minor input from off-axis sources, probably the Snaefellsnes Peninsula. Their trace element characteristics are consistent with derivation from a mantle source similar to that below Iceland today, although the degree of this enrichment, as modeled by Zr/ Nb, can be seen to be variable over short periods of time and to have greater range than that found in exposed Icelandic lavas of the same age. The variations are not attributable to fractional crystallization. The ashes indicate that either different volca noes were erupting compositionally variable lavas at any one time or that the composition varied rapidly with time, or both. These variations are homogenized by magma mixing prior to eruption in the large volume flows preserved in the Tertiary lava flows exposed in Iceland. Chemical variation seen in the ash layers may be due to variation in the degree of mantle melting, mantle heterogeneity, or derivation of melt from different depths within the melting column. Melting is thought to have commenced within a garnet-bearing mantle and continued in a spinel-bearing zone.
Tractable Co-operative Game and Intractable Co-Operative Game Arising from Combinatorial Optimization Problems (Mathematical Economics)

We would like to consider about Ttactability on $ \mathrm{c}\mathrm{o}$ -operative games arising form combinatorial optimization problems. Tractability is like “Solvability” in Computational Complexity Theory. If we were able to calculate solutions of the $ \mathrm{c}\mathrm{o}$ -operative games in polynomial time, we would say that they have good property. For example, nucleolus can be calculated in polynomial time when the game is convex game. Convexity is important property for game theory. But we consider about the original combinatorial optimization prob-lem’s structure of the games. The discrete structures induces more complicate situation. That is why Iwould like to consider Tractability.
Metadiscourse Markers: A Contrastive Study of Translated and Non-Translated Persuasive Texts

Metadiscourse features are those facets of a text, which make the organization of the text explicit, provide information about the writer's attitude toward the text content, and engage the reader in the interaction. This study interpreted metadiscourse markers in translated and non-translated persuasive texts. To this end, the researcher chose the translated versions of one of the leading newspapers in the United States, The New York Times, and the original versions of Hamshahri newspaper (an Iranian newspaper). Qualitative and quantitative analysis of both textual and interpersonal metadiscourse markers in second language (L2) translated and non-translated version of the opinion articles from The New York Times and Hamshahi (6 from each), found out how the translators organize their texts and how these organizations were related to the non-translated texts. Findings of the study revealed that textual and interpersonal metadiscourse markers were seen in both sets of data. Regarding the occurrences of textual metadiscourse categories and subcategories, the results showed significant differences between the two groups. It was, however, found that the Iranian writers used interpersonal markers significantly more than the Iranian translators did. The results suggested that me tadiscourse markers have a prominent role to help the translators of opinion articles to understand the original texts.
Advances in Management of Esophageal Motility Disorders

Esophageal manometry is an important tool for evaluating esophageal function. It can be used for assessing the esophageal peristaltic pattern and also peristaltic intensity. Additionally, lower esophageal sphincter (LES) function can be studied simultaneously. This information allows clinicians to thoroughly investigate patients presenting with esophageal and/or respiratory symptoms without identifiable structural cause. At present, high resolution manometry (HRM) is preferred over conventional manometry as it informs the result in pressure topography. These data correlate more precisely with the clinical presentation of patients with esophageal dysmotility. Consequently, the HRM working group has proposed the criteria known as Chicago classification to categorize and specify the esophageal motility abnormality based on the results from HRM. This article describes esophageal motility disorders according to the current diagnostic criteria and also how to manage them in brief.
Transformational Leadership and Supervision: Promoting Reflective Inquiry in Schools.

This paper presents a transformational philosophy of educational leadership, with a focus on the practice of supervision. The paper defines and outlines the purposes of both leadership and supervision. It discusses multilevel social forces that affect leadership for K-8 schools and examines four dimensions of leadership--knowing oneself, the followership, the task, and the situation. The four dimensions of supervision include knowing one's supervisory beliefs, helping followers to know themselves, helping followers to know the tasks, and helping followers to know the situation. In general, supervision is an ongoing interactive process intended to improve teacher instruction and student learning. Supervision aims to affect individuals' higher order needs and activities. The main process indicator identifying transformative suprvisors is the extent to which reflective inquiry is demonstrated among their staffs. (Contains 18 references.) (LMI) *********************************************************************** Reproductions supplied by EDRS are the best that can be made from the original document. *********************************************************************** Transformational Leadership and Supervision: Promoting Reflective Inquiry in Schools
Plant protein for food: opportunities and bottlenecks

Dietary proteins represent a key issue for the future regarding worldwide food security. Besides animal sources, plant proteins represent an opportunity to mainly contribute to protein demand. Whether some plant protein sources could appear as deficient in some essential amino acids, mixtures from different sources could represent opportunities to further propose adapted supply regarding specific demand. Such opportunities includes legumes as well as by-products of oil processing, i.e. canola and sunflower cakes. The nutritional benefits of such new sources are still under investigation considering benefits and limits like allergenicity. Finally, consumer behavior and acceptability remains the final bottleneck for developing new protein sources.
Passive SAW Based RFID Systems Finding their Way to Harsh Environment Applications

While CMOS (Complementary Metal Oxide Semiconductor) transponders clearly take the lead in the high volume markets, SAW (Surface Acoustic Wave) transponders continuously develop in niche applications for special industrial needs. Based on a completely different physical principle, SAW transponders draw their potential for harsh environment applications from their inherent temperature stability, radiation hardness and their low energy consumption. Obviously, SAW transponders for harsh environment are no low cost solutions and are therefore used for tracking of high value industrial goods and additional sensor telemetry like temperature sensing. The present work explains aspects of SAW transponder design to meet harsh environment specifications for temperatures up to 400°C. This includes the improvement of interdigital transducer stability through an Al/Ti sandwich structure, packaging aspects and robust metal antenna designs. An overview of application examples is given for heavy industries like steel production, oil and gas exploitation and automotive varnishing lines. Finally, a research outlook for high temperature RFID (Radio Frequency Identification) solutions will be given targeting applications at 600°C and higher.
Hydrothermal processes at Gusev Crater: An evaluation of Paso Robles class soils

[1] The Mars Exploration Rover Spirit analyzed multiple occurrences of sulfur-rich, light-toned soils along its traverse within Gusev Crater. These hydrated deposits are not readily apparent in images of undisturbed soil but are present at shallow depths and were exposed by the actions of the rover wheels. Referred to as “Paso Robles” class soils, they are dominated by ferric iron sulfates, silica, and Mg-sulfates. Ca-sulfates, Ca-phosphates, and other minor phases are also indicated in certain specific samples. The chemical compositions are highly variable over both centimeter-scale distances and between the widely separated exposures, but they clearly reflect the elemental signatures of nearby rocks. The quantity of typical basaltic soil mixed into the light-toned materials prior to excavation by the rover wheels is minimal, suggesting negligible reworking of the deposits after their initial formation. The mineralogy, geochemistry, variability, association with local compositions, and geologic setting of the deposits suggest that Paso Robles class soils likely formed as hydrothermal and fumarolic condensates derived from magma degassing and/or oxidative alteration of crustal iron sulfide deposits. Their occurrence as unconsolidated, near-surface soils permits, though does not require, an age that is significantly younger than that of the surrounding rocks.
Abstract—:The role of potassium channels in nociceptive activity was proposed in the past decade. Various type of potassium channel

:The role of potassium channels in nociceptive activity was proposed in the past decade. Various type of potassium channel has been found to exert different action in propogation of action potential in nervous system. As DMPF-1, a chalcone derivative possesses antinociceptive properties. The mechanism of its action has been carried out to verify the pathway involved. The present study addressed the role of potassium channel in the contribution of the antinociceptive action of DMPF-1. The involvement of potassium channel was evaluated using acetic acid-induced abdominal writhing test.The animals were pretreated with charybdotoxin (large Ca2+ activated potassium channel blocker)(0.04mg/kg, i.p) or apamin (small Ca activated potassium channel blocker)(0.02mg/kg, i.p.) 15 minutes before administration of DMPF-1. It was demonstrated that the challenge of DMPF-1 treated group with charybdotoxin has reversed the antinociceptive activity of this novel chalcone, which indicates the possible participation of large Ca activated potassium channel in antinociceptive effect cause by DMPF-1 but not through small Ca activated potassium channel. Keywords-: DMPF-1, Abdominal writhing test, Antinociceptive and Potassium channel.
Prisoner Reentry in Perspective

Contrary to the popular image that reentry is a wave of released prisoners about to enter society, the growth of the prisoner release population has leveled off, after the dramatic rise during the 1980s, and the wave has already hit. Inmates returning to society now may be more difficult to reintegrate than their predecessors, as they are more likely (1) to have failed at parole previously; (2) not to have participated in educational and vocational programs in prison; and (3) to have served longer sentences, which attenuate ties to families. A substantial proportion of returning prisoners, largely drug offenders, are likely to churn through the correctional system, going from prison to supervision to revocation and back to prison multiple times. Comparatively few neighborhoods in most large cities must accommodate the bulk of returning prisoners. Reentry should be considered in concert with sentencing policies and corrections practice that determine who goes to prison, how long they stay, and how prepared they are for reintegration.
AEGEAN GRASSLANDS AS ENDANGERED ECOSYSTEMS IN TURKEY

In all 86 grasslands were investigated in the Aegean region of Turkey. Out of these 10 are found among the red-pine, black-pine, beech-fir, oak-pine and degraded oak-maqui forests. A total of 699 taxa of plants belonging to 68 families are distriburted in these grasslands. Out of these taxa only 104 are of good fodder value, 66 taxa belonging to the family Fabaceae and 38 to Poaceae. Aboveground biomass production in Aydin (139.18 g), Balikesir (122.68 g) and Canakkale (103.78 g) was maximum in Spring, whereas belowground values for Aydin (80 g) and Canakkale (80 g) were highest during spring and for Balikesir (80 g) during winter. In the provinces of Izmir (1144 g), Kutahya (400 g), Usak (800 g), and Manisa (1312 g) aboveground biomass production was highest during Autumn, whereas belowground production was maximum during winter at Usak (600 g), Izmir (1360 g), and Kutahya (910 g). In Denizli aboveground biomass production was higher in summer (400 g) and belowground in autumn (350 g). The biomass production in general was highest in the fenced as compared to open areas. The calorific values of the species in the fenced areas too were higher (107.2 cal.) as compared to the open areas (99.40 cal.). Borulceagac and Maltepe were the best areas from the point of view of calorific values. The grasslands of Isikeli, Pamucak, Karateke, Halitpasa, Urganli, and Gullucam were observed to be the best as regards the biomass production. However,nomadic activities like summer grazing, trampling and summer tourism are exerting a great pressure on these, leading towards a degradation and ultimately a loss of eco-diversity in the grassland ecosystems of the region. This paper enlightens the general plant composition and biomass potential of Aegean grasslands. Dedicated to Dr. Mehmet Pirdal, a collaborator in this project at the start who lost his life in the devastating Golcuk Earthquake in 1999.
THE PENNSYLVANIA STATE UNIVERSITY SCHREYER HONORS COLLEGE DEPARTMENT OF POLITICAL SCIENCE CIVIL WARS THAT CARE

The consequences of intra-state war have both short and long-term effects, affecting the region before, during, and after the fighting ends. The immediate devastation caused by the hostilities tends to overshadow post-war recovery, as the state is unable wash away the lingering taste of violence. This study examines 103 civil wars cases, extending from 1901 to 2002, to see if the consequences produced vary based on the outcome. The review recognizes the negative impact caused by intra-state war, but suggests that positive consequences could also grow from war. The regression results suggest there is no significant relationship between civil war outcome and consequence. The majority of correlations were unable to establish a positive or negative relationship, implying that civil wars are neither good nor bad.
Prefrontal Cortex: Role in Language Communication during Social Interaction

One important question that remains open for the relationship between the brain and social behavior is whether and how prefrontal mechanisms responsible for social cognitive processes take place in language communication. Conventional studies have high- lighted the role of inferior frontal gyrus (IFG) in processing context-independent linguistic information in speech and discourse. However, it is unclear how the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC), the lateral prefrontal cortex (lPFC), and other structures (such as medial superior frontal gyrus, premotor cortex, anterior cingulate cortex, etc.) are involved when socially relevant language is encountered in real-life scenarios. Emerging neuroimaging and patient studies have suggested the association of prefrontal regions with individual differences and impairments in the comprehension of speech act, nonliteral language, or construction-based pragmatic information. By summarizing and synthesizing the most recent functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) studies, this chapter aims to show how neurocognitive components underlying the social function of prefrontal cortex sup- port pragmatic language processing, such as weighing relevant social signals, resolving ambiguities, and identifying hidden speaker meanings. The conclusion lends impact on an emerging interest in neuropragmatics and points out a promising line of research to address the mediating role of prefrontal cortex in the relation of language and social cognition.
Fiscal Adjustment and Growth in Sub-Saharan Africa: Overview and Lessons from the Current Downturn

In light of the proliferation of exceptionally large fiscal stimuli to ward off the recession triggered by the 2008 global economic and financial crisis in most advanced economies, this paper revisits the fiscal adjustment and growth nexus in Sub-Saharan Africa. Using transfer functions, it quantifies expected losses in terms of aggregate output largely attributed to a systematic implementation of pro-cyclical expenditure switching and reducing policies to achieve low deficit targets throughout the decades of adjustments. The results consistently highlight a much higher predicted aggregate output under the hypothesized counter-cyclical fiscal expansion option. This consistent outcome suggests that the output gap would have been significantly smaller in the region if countries had drawn on stop-and-go policies of fiscal expansion to sustainably raise the stock of capital investments.
An Investigation of the Technology Avoidance Effect into Higher Educational Environments: Some Empirical Evidence of Marketing Students Background and Their Use of Personal Computers Outside the Academic Culture

The major objective of this study was to test a research hypothesis in order to explain the technology avoidance effect in higher educational environments. We addressed the core research themes of our study using a survey. Our intention was to test marketing students' perceptions in order to investigate the potent influence of a climate of non-innovation towards the empowerment of the technology avoidance effect in higher educational environments. We introduce the following definition for technology avoidance in this study: "A behavioral intention not to use a personal computer, where technology-based factors and personal factors are central in influencing the avoidance of technology. The behavioral intention not to use a technology derives the belief that there is no expectation that the technology will enhance job performance. " From the statistical analyses it is clear that marketing students with different frequencies of Information Communication Technology (ICT) use and marketing students from different educational environments, three small business schools, present a very different set of perceptions and behavioral intentions. Based on the tests, we have accepted the research hypothesis, which means technology avoidance exists when an innovative culture does not exist. The research results showed us that technology-based factors and personal factors strength the technology avoidance effect in higher educational environments.