Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A survey of the perspectives of the female nursing personnel regarding the prevention of low back pain and its appropriate medical treatments

Aims: The aim of this study was to assess the perspectives of the female nurses regarding the prevention and treatment of low back pain (LBP). Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted on 222 female nurses working in Borujen Hospital (situated in Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari Province of Iran) in 2015 selected using simple random sampling. The data were collected using a self-designed questionnaire consisting of 29 items designed in terms of personal information, self-care, awareness, and prevention of LBP. The validity and reliability of this questionnaire was confirmed. Results: About 93.7% of the participants of this study suffered from LBP with a majority of them (21.6%) reporting the monthly episodes of LBP. In terms of actions taken by the nurses when experiencing LBP, it was found that 58.1% of them used to rest during the LBP episodes while 36.5% of them preferred to seek care from a physician, especially a general practitioner. In general, the best-reported ways to ease the LBP were as follows: resting (80.2%), going to doctor (32.4%), and physical exercises (32%), especially practice of back-strengthening exercises. Nearly 53.2% of the nurses proposed that when experiencing LBP, the analgesics should be taken while 44.6% and 1.4% of them believed the nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and muscle relaxants or drugs can be helpful, respectively. Conclusion: It is very important for the nursing personnel to equip themselves with some information regarding how to manage LBP properly as well as its respective preventive measures so that they can create a healthy work environment for themselves.
Importancia del bucle del nervio mentoniano en la rehabilitación con implantes de la zona del foramen mental

Los procedimientos de cirugía bucal y protésicos que involucran la región interforaminal mandibular se pueden complicar por la extensión desconocida del bucle anterior del haz neurovascular mental (BNM) (1). Al respecto, los trastornos sensoriales en la barbilla y el labio inferior, son las complicaciones más frecuentes durante la colocación de implantes en las regiones de premolares y molares (2,3). Un problema relativamente común es el daño del nervio alveolar inferior (NAI) y el nervio mentoniano (NM). La incidencia de alteraciones sensoriales permanentes en el labio inferior después de intervenciones quirúrgicas en el área del foramen mentoniano (FM) se calcula entre el 7% y el 10% (4,5). En ese sentido, es importante conocer la anatomía quirúrgica de esta región para la colocación de implantes dentales, injertos óseos o apicectomías, evitando lesionar estructuras que la comprometen. En cuanto a la caracterización de la mencionada región, los estudios nos demuestran información variada aparentemente debido a la influencia étnica y esta puede poseer potencial importancia clínica (6). La tomografía computarizada de haz cónico (TCHC) es determinante para identificar la localización exacta del foramen mental y las estructuras del bucle anterior cuando se colocan implantes en esta región. En ese contexto la TCHC se ha desarrollado para producir una imagen tridimensional de alta calidad que detalla las estructuras dentomaxilofaciales y se emplea ampliamente para procedimientos quirúrgicos orales de rutina, considerado como el método ideal para identificar la localización exacta del FM y estructuras del bucle anterior (4). Por otro lado la radiografía panorámica (RP) proporcionan información bidimensionales, mientras que la determinación tridimensional requiere tomografía, tienen limitaciones severas para la evaluación de estructuras anatómicas y hueso disponible, llevando a falsos positivos de diagnóstico del BNM (7). El conducto mandibular que contiene el NAI atraviesa el FM anteriormente (figura 1), su parte final del NAI pasa a veces por debajo del borde inferior y la pared anterior del agujero mentoniano y, después de dar una rama incisiva, en la región donde se divide en los conductos mentales e incisivos, se curva hacia atrás para entrar en el agujero y emerge a los tejidos
Laparoscopic surgery for gastric tumor: a single center experience

Introduction: The advantages of minimally invasive surgery compared to open surgery have led to increased use in recent years. Although there are concerns that the appropriate oncological results may not be obtained in cases of stomach cancer as a result of technical difficulties, a laparoscopic gastrectomy is often preferred to open gastrectomy. The Far East is currently leading in this field. The aim of this paper was to share the results of laparoscopic gastrectomy performed for stomach tumors. Materials and Methods: A retrospective study was performed of patients who had a laparoscopic gastrectomy for a gastric tumor in 1 clinic between September 2016 and April 2018. Patient characteristics, tumor features, surgical approach, postoperative follow-up, and oncological outcomes were evaluated. Results: Gastric resection was performed in 66 patients. Laparoscopic surgery was performed in a total of 19 patients. Nine patients underwent laparoscopic total gastrectomy, 8 patients underwent laparoscopic distal gastrectomy, and laparoscopic wedge resection was performed in 2 cases. In 16 patients, D2 dissection was performed. The surgical margin and lymph node number were found to be compatible with oncology principles. In the postoperative period, mortality occurred in 2 patients, and anastomosis leakage in 1 patient. The mean length of stay in hospital was 9.8 days and the mean follow-up period was 9.1 months. Conclusion: Although the number of cases was small and the follow-period was short, the results obtained from laparoscopic surgery applied to patients with a stomach tumor were considered to be compatible with those of open surgery and with oncology principles.
Test-retest reliability of baropodometry in young asyntomatic individuals during semi static and dynamic analysis

Abstract Introduction: Postural control is a multidimensional construct modulated by the integration of sensory information and muscular activity. One of the challenges in clinical practice and scientific research is the postural data collection of objective control data. Thus, baropodometry can be a promising instrument for analysis. Objective: To evaluate the absolute and relative reliability of baropodometry by means of test-retest in young asymptomatic subjects during semi-static and dynamic analysis. Methods: This is a methodological study, approved by the Research Ethics Committee of UFJF (1,803,411). Sample selection was performed by convenience. Healthy individuals aged 18 to 35 years were included in the study without gender restriction. Participants with pain or any clinical signs of overload which led to unfeasible collection were excluded from the analysis. The variables analyzed were contact surface, maximum and mean pressure, index bow, pressure center and pressure areas in the forefoot, midfoot and hindfoot. Results: 33 individuals (total of 66 feet) participated in this study. The mean body mass of the participants was 63.0 ± 9.9kg, height of 163.4 ± 30.1cm, BMI of 23.7 ± 2.8 kg/m2. It was observed that five out of the eight variables evaluated in the semi-static analysis presented high reliability (≥ 0.70). On the other hand, the reproducibility of the measures in the dynamic analysis was low to moderate (≤ 0.69). Conclusion: Baropodometry findings should be interpreted with caution in clinical practice and in scientific research. It is suggested that complementary assessments be made for decision-making assistance.
A Colombian study examining guidance to adolescents on substance consumption - what to say and what not to say

ABSTRACT Colombian adults’ views about the kind of argument likely to dissuade adolescents from consuming psychoactive substances were examined. Participants (N = 243) were presented with vignettes in which two factors were manipulated: (1) the severity of drug consumption at school and (2) the parent’s response to this situation (e.g. not to say anything and to enroll their child at another school). Six qualitatively different positions were found. The two most frequent positions were (1) using any kind of argument (either religious, legal or scientific) (37%) and (2) using a combination of legal and scientific arguments (30%).
Biometrics of dusky indigobirds in Pietermaritzburg, KwaZulu-Natal, in 2000 and 2001 : short communication

Dusky indigobirds ( Vidua funerea ) were studied at a feeding site in Pietermaritzburg in the summers of 2000 and 2001. Eighty-five individuals were trapped, ringed and detailed biometric data recorded during this period. Birds were counted monthly, and presence or absence of both males and females at the site is discussed. The only significant morphometric difference between the sexes is wing length, with some overlap. Descriptions of male breeding dress, based on observations of all birds captured, is also presented. This study also recorded the longest movement for the species, a distance of 87 km.
SS 10 - Assessment of balance during functional walking in stroke survivors

Regaining balance function is often one of the key goals of stroke rehabilitation. Improvements in balance function can be the result of restitution or compensational strategies. In previous studies, the processes of restitution and compensational strategies have been established for straight-line walking. The development of these processes, however, are still largely unknown for other gait activities such as turning and sidestepping. Here, we present a fully ambulant gait analysis system that can be used for an objective evaluation of balance during functional tasks. The results of two individuals are presented: one individual with adequate balance function and one individual with impaired balance function. The analysis showed that the individual with adequate balance function was able to walk with increased instability when compared to the individual with impaired balance function. Based on these results, we conclude that the fully ambulant system is feasible for an objective quantification of balance function.
Prevalence of Anti-erythropoietin Antibody in Prevalent Hemodialysis Patients Receiving Erythropoietin Hormone

Background: Anti-erythropoietin (EPO) antibodies against a recombinant form of Erythropoietin were associated with pure red cell aplasia. These antibodies probably cross-react with endogenous EPO causing severe anemia. Objective: This study was done to estimate the prevalence of anti-EPO antibody in prevalent hemodialysis patients and its relation to anemia and EPO resistance. Patients and Methods: This is cross-sectional study included 90 End-Stage Renal Disease (ESRD) patients who were on recombinant human erythropoietin for > 6 months with hemoglobin< 11 g/dL. Serum anti-EPO antibody was measured for all Patients that were divided into 2 groups: anti-EPO antibody positive and anti-EPO antibody negative. Results: The prevalence of anti-EPO antibodies was 45.6% (41 patients). 58.5% (24 patients) received EPO treatment by S.C route. Anti-EPO antibody-positive patients Showed lower hemoglobin level, serum iron, and Transferrin saturation with mean ±SD values 8.60±0.99 g/dl, 52.91±16.30 mcg/dl, 22.62±8.27 % respectively also lower MCHC with median (IQR)29.7 (2.50) g/dl. On comparing it with antibody-negative patients (N=49) there were significant differences with p values (< 0.0001), (0.038), (0.034), (0.002) respectively. These patients received higher EPO doses with high erythropoietin resistance index with median (IQR) values 8000 (4000) IU/week, 10.79 (8.495) respectively. The anti-EPO antibody was negatively correlated with hemoglobin {r-0.661, p value 0.0001} and positively correlated with EPO doses, iron doses, and erythropoietin resistance index {r 0.309, p value 0.011, r 0.266, p value 0.003, r 0.417, p value 0.0001} respectively. Conclusions: It could be concluded that anti-EPO antibodies are commonly present in prevalent hemodialysis patients and were associated with resistant anemia and higher doses of EPO therapy.
New Therapeutic Strategy for the Neurodegenerative Diseases: Pharmacological Modulation of Ca2+/Camp Signaling Interaction

Due to the involvement of the imbalance of neuronal Ca2+ homeostasis in the pathogenesis of several neurodegenerative diseases, the use of drugs to prevent or attenuate this imbalance emerged as a new therapeutic strategy for treating these diseases. Thus, our discovery of the involvement of the interaction between intracellular signaling pathways mediated by Ca2+ and cAMP (Ca2+/cAMP signaling interaction) in the neurotransmission and neuroprotection, and its pharmacological modulation, could importantly contribute to the therapy of the neurodegenerative diseases, including Alzheimer’s (AD) and Parkinson’s (PD) Diseases. Then, in this review we discussed the fundamental findings of the Ca2+/cAMP signaling interaction, including its role in neurotransmission and neuroprotection, and its potential role as a new therapeutic target for the treatment of the neurodegenerative diseases.
An auto-titrating (intelligent) oxygen system in patients with chronic respiratory failure

2 Declaration of originality . 10 Copyright declaration . 10 Acknowledgements . 11 Abstracts arising from this thesis . 12s arising from this thesis . 12 List of figures . 13 List of tables . 15 List of Appendices . 17 List of Abbreviations . 18 1 Chapter
Criterion related validity of the DAPP-SF and its utility as a screener for personality disorders in outpatient care

There is a need in clinical practice for a concise measure to screen for personality pathology in patients seeking treatment for common mental disorders, such as mood or anxiety disorders. A shortened version of the Dimensional Assessment of Personality Pathology Basic Questionnaire (DAPP-BQ)—the DAPP-Short Form (DAPP-SF), comprising 136 items (6-10 items for each dimension), was tested on its criterion-related validity and ability to screen for personality disorders. Scores on the dimensions and the second-order factors of the instrument were compared for two samples: patients with personality disorders (N = 1 091) and a community-based sample (N = 478). The mean score of the two groups differed significantly on most of the scales of the DAPP-SF, a finding in support of the criterion-related validity of the instrument. Identity problems and the second-order factor emotional dysregulation were best suited to discriminate patients with personality disorders from the control group. Cut-off values with optimum sensitivity or optimum specificity for screening of personality disorders are presented for men and women separately. In the community sample, the proposed cut-off value suggests a prevalence of 13.8% for personality disorders. Applied to a sample of patients with mood, anxiety and somatoform disorders (N = 1 329), the proposed cut-off with optimum specificity suggests a prevalence of 45.6% of personality psychopathology in this sample.
Blood levels of agouti-related peptide (AgRP), obestatin, corticosteroid-binding globulin (CBG), and cortisol in patients with bipolar disorder (BD): a case–control study

ABSTRACT OBJECTIVES: Bipolar disorder (BD) is a chronic psychiatric disorder with a high prevalence of obesity. There are a number of hypotheses regarding the association between obesity and BD. One involves common neurobiological abnormalities, such as dysfunction in the hypothalamic pituitary adrenal axis and changes in secretions of orexigenic and anorectic peptides. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the blood levels of agouti-related peptide (AgRP), obestatin cortisol, and corticosteroid-binding globulin (CBG) and metabolic parameters in patients with euthymic BD, and to compare these to those of healthy controls. METHODS: Twenty-nine outpatients with BD type I admitted to the psychiatric clinic were consecutively enrolled and compared with 25 sex- and body mass index (BMI)-matched controls. RESULTS: There was a significant difference in AgRP, cortisol, and CBG levels between patients and the controls (p = .005, .021, and .034, respectively). AgRP and CBG did not correlate with any parameter in BD patients, but cortisol correlated with BMI. CONCLUSIONS: We conclude that BD patients have higher levels of AgRP, cortisol, and CBG than healthy controls with similar BMIs. This may represent a new insight into the neurobiology of BD.
Maternal and children nutrition in northern Mozambique: a mixed methods study.

Introduction: children malnutrition is a public health problem in Mozambique and we know that integrated agriculture and nutrition interventions can mitigate malnutrition adverse effects, especially during the first 1,000 days of life. For an agriculture intervention positively impact on nutrition, the implementation must be purposely designed to achieve this objective; this baseline survey was carried out to benchmark a project progress towards attaining its objectives as well as in guiding implementation process. Methods: descriptive mixed methods research to evaluate the nutritional status of mother-child (aged from 6 to 24 months) pairs, food availability and consumption trends. Focal group discussions to prepare food demonstration tools, a structured questionnaire for 24h-recall and a food frequency questionnaire to collect data were used. We surveyed randomly selected households in Malema and Gurue districts, Northern Mozambique. Results: 577 infant-mother pairs were surveyed and we found a high prevalence of children born underweight (18.8 %), a prevalence of chronic and acute undernutrition of 6.0 % and 15.4 %, respectively. A double burden of malnutrition (underweight and overweight) was found among mothers. Both Malema and Gurue districts produce various food crops. Legume crops are the main protein source for most households. The 24 h - recall indicated that the median protein consumption among infants was 25.3 g / day, threefold higher than the recommended protein intake from complementary foods, assuming a child is breastfeeding as is expected for children below two years. Conclusion: this baseline survey highlighted the nutrition status of infant-mother pairs in Malema and Gurue districts, Mozambique, showing a children nutritional positive evolution since the 2011 Mozambican Demographic and Health Survey. Malnutrition double burden (under and overweight) attains mothers and possible underlying factors for the nutrition status were underscored. Potential intervention niches for an integrated agriculture and nutrition project were highlighted.
Grab a Seat! Nudging Providers to Sit Improves the Patient Experience in the Emergency Department

Objective: We assessed whether provider sitting influenced patient satisfaction in an academic emergency department (ED) and if education and/or environmental manipulation could nudge providers to sit. Methods: This was a prospective, controlled pre–post trial of provider sitting and its influence on patient satisfaction within 2 urban, academic EDs. A 12-item survey was administered to a convenience sample of patients to assess for care satisfaction before, during, and after study interventions. Study interventions included (a) placement of branded folding seats and (b) an educational campaign. Only the intervention ED received folding seats. The primary outcome examined the influence of provider sitting on patient satisfaction. A secondary outcome examined the frequency of provider sitting. Results: During the entire study period, 2827 patients were surveyed; 63% were female and 65% were between the ages of 26 and 65. Sitting at any point during an ED encounter improved responses to satisfaction questions (polite [67% vs 59%], cared [64% vs 54%], listened [60% vs 52%], informed [57% vs 47%], time [56% vs 45%], P < .0001 for all measures). The odds of provider sitting increased 30% when a seat was placed in the room (odds ratio [OR] = 1.3, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.1-1.5). No change in provider sitting was observed in the control ED (OR = 1.0, 95% CI: 0.8-1.2). Conclusions: Placing a seat in a patient’s room nudges providers to sit during an ED encounter. Education alone did not influence provider behavior. Sitting down resulted in significantly higher patient satisfaction scores during an ED visit.
DETERMINATION OF LEVELS OF SOME VITAMINS IN Amaranthus hypochondriacus AND Amaranthus cruenthus LEAVES AND GRAINS FROM SELECTED AREAS OF KENYA

xiii CHAPTER ONE. 1 1.0 INTRODUCTION . 1 1.1 Background information . 1 1.2 Problem statement and justification . 5 1.3 Hypotheses . 6 1.4 Objectives . 7 1.4. 1 General objective . 7 1.4. 2 Specific objectives . 7 1.5 Scope and limitations of the study . 8 1.6 Significance of the study and anticipated output . 8 CHAPTER TWO . 9 2.0 LITERATURE REVIEW . 9 2.1 Amaranth . 9 2.1.1 Grain amaranth . 10 2.2 Vitamins . 13 2.2.1 Beta-carotene (pro-vitamin A) . 14 2.2. 3 Vitamin B1 (Thiamin). 19 2.2. 4 Vitamin B2 (riboflavin) . 21 2.2. 5 Vitamin B6 (Pyridoxine) . 23
Music and Language Syntax Interact in Broca’s Area: An fMRI Study

Instrumental music and language are both syntactic systems, employing complex, hierarchically-structured sequences built using implicit structural norms. This organization allows listeners to understand the role of individual words or tones in the context of an unfolding sentence or melody. Previous studies suggest that the brain mechanisms of syntactic processing may be partly shared between music and language. However, functional neuroimaging evidence for anatomical overlap of brain activity involved in linguistic and musical syntactic processing has been lacking. In the present study we used functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) in conjunction with an interference paradigm based on sung sentences. We show that the processing demands of musical syntax (harmony) and language syntax interact in Broca’s area in the left inferior frontal gyrus (without leading to music and language main effects). A language main effect in Broca’s area only emerged in the complex music harmony condition, suggesting that (with our stimuli and tasks) a language effect only becomes visible under conditions of increased demands on shared neural resources. In contrast to previous studies, our design allows us to rule out that the observed neural interaction is due to: (1) general attention mechanisms, as a psychoacoustic auditory anomaly behaved unlike the harmonic manipulation, (2) error processing, as the language and the music stimuli contained no structural errors. The current results thus suggest that two different cognitive domains—music and language—might draw on the same high level syntactic integration resources in Broca’s area.
Exercise training in heart failure: High-intensity interval training versus moderate-intensity continuous training

Prevalence of heart failure (HF) increases over time and is associated with high mortality. Shortness of breath, exercise intolerance, and low quality of life related to health are the common problems in HF patients despite optimum pharmacological therapy. Exercise training counteracts the progression of devastating compensatory mechanisms of HF, leading to improvement in functional capacity and quality of life. Resistance training improves peak oxygen uptake, quality of life, and walking performance in HF patients. Adherence is central to training for the best result. Any exercise training program whether continuous or interval training is sufficient to improve the prognosis, quality of life, and anatomic function.