Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
GSK-3 Phosphorylates δ-Catenin and Negatively Regulates Its Stability via Ubiquitination/Proteosome-mediated Proteolysis*

δ-Catenin was first identified because of its interaction with presenilin-1, and its aberrant expression has been reported in various human tumors and in patients with Cri-du-Chat syndrome, a form of mental retardation. However, the mechanism whereby δ-catenin is regulated in cells has not been fully elucidated. We investigated the possibility that glycogen-synthase kinase-3 (GSK-3) phosphorylates δ-catenin and thus affects its stability. Initially, we found that the level of δ-catenin was greater and the half-life of δ-catenin was longer in GSK-3β−/− fibroblasts than those in GSK-3β+/+ fibroblasts. Furthermore, four different approaches designed to specifically inhibit GSK-3 activity, i.e. GSK-3-specific chemical inhibitors, Wnt-3a conditioned media, small interfering RNAs, and GSK-3α and -3β kinase dead constructs, consistently showed that the levels of endogenous δ-catenin in CWR22Rv-1 prostate carcinoma cells and primary cortical neurons were increased by inhibiting GSK-3 activity. In addition, it was found that both GSK-3α and -3β interact with and phosphorylate δ-catenin. The phosphorylation of ΔC207-δ-catenin (lacking 207 C-terminal residues) and T1078A δ-catenin by GSK-3 was noticeably reduced compared with that of wild type δ-catenin, and the data from liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry analyses suggest that the Thr1078 residue of δ-catenin is one of the GSK-3 phosphorylation sites. Treatment with MG132 or ALLN, specific inhibitors of proteosome-dependent proteolysis, increased δ-catenin levels and caused an accumulation of ubiquitinated δ-catenin. It was also found that GSK-3 triggers the ubiquitination of δ-catenin. These results suggest that GSK-3 interacts with and phosphorylates δ-catenin and thereby negatively affects its stability by enabling its ubiquitination/proteosome-mediated proteolysis.
Respiratory evoked potentials of the cerebral cortex associated with speech production

Scalp-recorded cortical potentials of four subjects were recorded from temporofrontal and central areas during speech and control tasks. Computer averaging of the brain potentials was carried out with respect to onset of inspira­ tion and onset of phonation to determine if respiratbryrelated potentials could have been a contaminating factor in previously reported pre-speech potentials. Eye artifact contributed significantly to summated averages of the BEG responses, and no pre-speech or pre-respiration potentials were found. Results were discussed in terms.of whether or not it is possible to eliminate ocular artifact from EEC . responses recorded during speech.
Short Term Reactions to Acupuncture – a Cross-Sectional Survey of Patient Reports

Objective To explore the type and frequency of short term reactions associated with a single acupuncture treatment. Methods As part of recruitment to a large-scale prospective survey of the safety of acupuncture, 9408 consecutive patients each completed one survey form soon after receiving treatment with acupuncture, and returned it directly to the research centre. On this form, patients were asked to report on a range of possible short term reactions relating to their most recent acupuncture treatment using a checklist of options. Results At least one short term reaction to acupuncture during or immediately after treatment was reported by 94.6% (CI 94.2 to 95.1) of patients, an average of 1.8 reactions per patient. The most common experiences reported were feeling ‘relaxed’ (79.1%) followed by feeling ‘energised’ (32.7%). A total of 24.4% of patients reported ‘tiredness’ or ‘drowsiness’, with obvious implications for safety if the patient intended to drive after treatment. ‘Negative’ reactions, such as pain and bruising at the site of needling, were reported by 29.7% of patients who were more likely to be female patients (OR 1.58), patients under the age of 40 (OR 1.62), patients who had consulted their GP or hospital specialist beforehand (OR 1.30), patients consulting their acupuncturist for the first time (OR 1.24), and patients treated by an acupuncturist with less than two years’ experience since qualification (OR 1.24). Only 13 patients were unwilling to have acupuncture again as a result of these short term reactions. Conclusion In this large cross-sectional study, extensive patient reports showed that ‘positive’ reactions to acupuncture treatment were very common. Tiredness, drowsiness and a range of ‘negative’ reactions were also frequently reported. Almost all patients were willing to experience these reactions again.
Estimating the impact of single and multiple freezes on video quality

This paper studies the impact of freezing of video on quality as experienced by users. Two types of freezes are investigated. First a freeze where the image pauses, so no frames were lost (frame halt). In the second type of freeze, the image freezes and skips that part of the video (frame drop). Measuring Mean Opinion Score (MOS) was done by subjective tests. Video sequences of 20 seconds were displayed for four types of content, to a total of 23 test subjects. We conclude there is no difference in the perceived quality between frame drops and frame halts. Therefore one model for single freezes was constructed. According to this model the acceptable freezing time (MOS>3.5) is 0.36 seconds. Pastrana - Vidal et al. (2004) suggested a relationship between the probability of detection and the duration of the dropped frames. They also found that it is important to consider not only the duration of the freeze but also the number of freeze occurrences. Using their relationship between the total duration of the freeze and the number of occurrences, we propose a model for multiple freezes, based upon our model for single freeze occurrences. A subjective test was designed to evaluate the performance of the model for multiple freezes. Good performance was found on this data i.e a correlation higher than 0.9.
Quantitative determination of individual serum proteins by radio-electroimmuno and use of 125 I-labelled antibodies (application to C-reactive protein).

The sensitivity of quantitative electrophoresis into agarose gel containing antibodies was increased about 60-fold by incorporation of radioactive antibodies in the precipitates. The precipitates were visualised by autoradiography. The technique was exemplified with the use of rabbit-anti-CRP-gammaglobulin-125I in the quantification of CRP. The method, which can measure the proteins down to a concentration of 0.01 mg/1, invariably demonstrated CRP in apparently healthy blooddonors.
GENE FLOW AND THE COEVOLUTION OF PARASITE RANGE

Abstract The geographic range of many parasites is restricted relative to that of their hosts. We study possible evolutionary mechanisms for this observation using a simple model that couples coevolution and demography. The model assumes that the environment consists of two habitats connected by movement and that coevolution is governed by quantitative traits. Our results demonstrate that host gene flow is an important determinant of parasite geographic range. Fluctuations in the rate of host gene flow cause shifts in parasite population densities and associated range expansions or contractions. In extreme cases, changing the rate of host gene flow can lead to global extinction of the parasite. Through a process we term demographic compensation, these shifts in parasite density may occur with little or no change in parasite adaptation to the host. As a consequence, reciprocal adaptation between host and parasite can become uncoupled from the rate of host gene flow.
Newborn Screening for Congenital Hypothyroidism, Victoria, Australia, 1977-1997. Part 1: The Screening Programme, Demography, Baseline Perinatal Data and Diagnostic Classification

Clinical, demographic and laboratory data from infants with congenital hypothyroidism (CH) born in the Australian state of Victoria from the commencement of neonatal screening in mid-1977 until December 1988 are reported. These provide a baseline for a 12-year prospective longitudinal study on physical and neuro-psychological outcome until mid-1997, the subject of a second paper. Infants with CH were detected using a primary TT4 screening test. Demographic data were collected prospectively using a clinical assessment protocol. Nearly all affected infants underwent 99mTc pertechnetate scanning at the initial assessment to determine the underlying aetiology of their hypothyroidism. 704,723 infants were screened and 199 with permanent primary hypothyroidism (one in 3,541) were identified. The most common aetiologies were thyroid ectopia (46%), thyroid aplasia (33%), and 'dyshormonogenesis' (11%). The clinical abnormalities classically described in CH were more evident in infants with aplasia, and the striking female preponderance in infants with thyroid dysplasia (syn. dysgenesis) was confirmed. Other features included increased frequencies of 'dyshormonogenesis' in infants of parents of Middle-Eastern origin and of labour induction in infants with dysplasia. A closed posterior fontanelle was not found in any infant with thyroid aplasia.
Detection and Localization of Anomalous Motion in Video Sequences from Local Histograms of Labeled Affine Flows

We propose an original method for detecting and localizing anomalous motion patterns in videos from a camera view -based motion representation perspective. Anomalous motion should be taken in a broad sense, i.e., unexpected, abnormal, singular, irregular, or unusual motion. Identifying distinctive dynamic information at any time point and at any image location in a sequence of images is a key requirement in many situations and applications. The proposed method relies on so-called labeled affine flows (LAF) involving both affine velocity vectors and affine motion classes. At every pixel a motion class is inferred from the affine motion model selected in a set of candidate models estimated over a collection of windows. Then, the image is subdivided in blocks where motion class histograms weighted by the affine motion vector magnitudes are computed. They are compared blockwise to histograms of normal behaviours with a dedicated distance. More specifically, we introduce the local outlier factor (LOF) to detect anomalous blocks. LOF is a local flexible measure of the relative density of data points in a feature space, here the space of LAF histograms. By thresholding the LOF value, we can detect an anomalous motion pattern in any block at any time instant of the video sequence. The threshold value is automatically set in each block by means of statistical arguments. We report comparative experiments on several real video datasets, demonstrating that our method is highly competitive for the intricate task of detecting different types of anomalous motion in videos. Specifically, we obtain very competitive results on all the tested datasets: 99.2 \% AUC for UMN, 82.8 \% AUC for UCSD, and 95.73 \% accuracy for PETS 2009, at the frame level.
An Assessment of the Anabolic Skeletal Actions of the Common‐Region Peptides Derived from the CGRP and Calcitonin Prohormones

Tissue-specific expression of the calcitonin (CT) gene can produce either CT or CT gene-related peptide (a-CGRP). The bimodal RNA splicing mechanism acts to produce one of two related prohormone molecules, each of which, through proteolytic processing, generates a family of small secretory peptides. I In thyroidal C cells CT gene expression generates a proCT molecule (13.2 kDa), which is processed to generate CT (3.4 kDa) from its midregion, and two other peptides, one from the aminoand one from the carboxyl-terminal flanking region. In certain regions of the nervous system, a precursor for CGRP (proCGRP) is the predominant CT gene product; processing of this proCGRP (12.5 kDa) generates CGRP (3.8 kDa) from the midregion as well as aminoand carboxyl-terminal flanking peptides analogous to those derived from proCT. The 55-residue "amino-terminal flanking peptide" generated from proCGRP (N-proCGRP) is 90% homologous to the 57-residue peptide generated from proCT (N-proCT). Their first 51 residues are identical, reflecting the fact that the three 5' exons in the CT gene are used in both proCT and proCGRP messenger RNA. ' We have shown that the 57-amino acid N-proCT (5 1-residue common region plus 6 unique amino acids) is cogenerated with CT in both normal and transformed C cells,2 and a recent report suggests that N-proCT is cosecreted in human^. ^ Similarly, the 55-amino acid N-proCGRP (common region plus 4 unique amino acids) appears to be cogenerated with CGRP in transformed C cells and can be immunohistochemically localized along with CGRP to specific central and peripheral neuron^. ^ Periosteal sensory neurons contain both CGRP and N-proCGRP and may simultaneously release both peptides, since appreciable levels of CGRP have been measured by specific radioimmunoassay in this tissue (unpublished data). CT functions as a calcium-lowering hormone primarily by inhibition of osteoclastic bone resorption. Classically, this inhibitory action of CT on osteoclasts has
PATTERNS OF CHANGE IN RESPONSE TO PROLONGED EXPOSURE: IMPLICATIONS FOR TREATMENT OUTCOME

Assessment of response to Prolonged Exposure (PE) suggests some patients may experience discontinuous change involving sudden symptom reductions and/or temporary exacerbations. The current study looked to (1) isolate profiles of PE response among treatment‐seeking veterans and (2) identify factors associated with unique patterns of change.
Metoprolol oxidation polymorphism in a Korean population: comparison with native Japanese and Chinese populations.

We examined metoprolol oxidation capacity in 218 unrelated, healthy Korean subjects using the 8 h urinary metabolic ratio (MR) of metoprolol to alpha-hydroxymetoprolol after an oral dose of 100 mg metoprolol tartrate. The results were compared with those from 295 Japanese and 107 mainland Chinese whose metoprolol oxidation capacities were assessed in a similar manner. The frequency of occurrence of poor metabolisers (PMs) was 0.5% (1/218) in the Korean, 0.7% (2/295) in the Japanese and 0% in the Chinese population. However, the respective mean (+/- s.d.) MRs (0.84 +/- 1.14 and 0.87 +/- 0.90) in the Korean and Japanese extensive metabolisers (EMs) were significantly (P less than 0.001) less than that in the Chinese EMs (2.81 +/- 2.35), and the mode of the distribution histogram and the probit plot of data for Chinese EMs were shifted to the right compared with those for Korean and Japanese EMs. The results indicate that Koreans, like Japanese and mainland Chinese, have a much lower frequency of the PM phenotype of debrisoquine/sparteine-type oxidation compared with that reported for Caucasian populations. Chinese EMs appear to have a lower capacity to metabolise metoprolol to alpha-hydroxymetoprolol compared with Korean or Japanese EMs.
AFRL-RH-WP-TR-2017-0002 SUSPICION , TRUST , AND AUTOMATION FINAL REPORT

Chris Calhoun, Phil Bobko, Dr. Matthew Schuelke, Sarah Jessup, Tyler Ryan SRA International, CSRA Company 5000 Springfield Street, Suite 200 Dayton, OH 45431-1269 Charles Walter, Rose F. Gamble University of Tulsa 800 South Tucker Drive Tulsa, Oklahoma 74104 Leanne Hirshfield Outerfacing Technology LLC 135 Fountain View St. Clinton, New York 13323 Nathan Bowling, Caleb Bragg, Steve Khazon Wright State University 3640 Colonel Glenn Hwy Dayton, OH 45431 Alexander Nelson, Gene Alarcon, Charlene Stokes 711 HPW/RHXS Air Force Research Laboratory Airman Systems Directorate
Towards a molecular understanding of titin.

Titin is at present the largest known protein (M(r) 3000 kDa) and its expression is restricted to vertebrate striated muscle. Single molecules span from M‐ to Z‐lines and therefore over 1 micron. We have isolated cDNAs encoding five distant titin A‐band epitopes, extended their sequences and determined 30 kb (1000 kDa) of the primary structure of titin. Sequences near the M‐line encode a kinase domain and are closely related to the C‐terminus of twitchin from Caenorhabditis elegans. This suggests that the function of this region in the titin/twitchin family is conserved throughout the animal kingdom. All other A‐band sequences consist of 100 amino acid (aa) repeats predicting immunoglobulin‐C2 and fibronectin type III globular domains. These domains are arranged into highly ordered 11 domain super‐repeat patterns likely to match the myosin helix repeat in the thick filament. Expressed titin fragments bind to the LMM part of myosin and C‐protein. Binding strength increases with the number of domains involved, indicating a cumulative effect of multiple binding sites for myosin along the titin molecule. We conclude that A‐band titin is likely to be involved in the ordered assembly of the vertebrate thick filament.
Supporting parents with enduring mental health problems

SUMMARY • The combination of coping with mental health problems and caring for children makes parents vulnerable. • Family-centred practice can help to maintain and strengthen important family relationships, and to identify and enhance the strengths of parents with a mental illness, thus contributing to their recovery. • Parents with mental illness find strength for parenting in several ways. They feel responsible, and this helps them to stay alert while parenting; parenthood also offers a basis for social participation. • Dedication to the parental role provides a focus; parents develop strengths and skills as they find a balance between attending to their own lives and caring for their children, and parenting prompts them to find adequate sources of support and leads to a valued identity. • Practitioners can support parents with mental health problems to set and address parenting related goals.
Substrates supporting activity in immature nerve fibers.

The ‘A’ fibers within mixed nerve trunks from immature chicks (16–21 days incubation) become inexcitable after 2 hours in nutrient-free Ringer9s solution. Conduction in the ‘C’ fibers persists up to 8 hours under the same conditions. In contrast, nerves from adult chickens or rats are capable of transmitting impulses up to 14 hours in the same media. Addition of 5 mm/l. glucose or pyruvate rapidly restores conduction; however, there is no restoration when a variety of carbohydrate intermediates are present for 5 hours. Anaerobic survival of conduction with paired nerves is longer in 5 mm/l. glucose than in 10 mm/l. pyruvate and is inversely proportional to the frequency of stimulation. Our findings suggest that: a ) a glycolytic energy source in immature axons is available for activity during anaerobiasis; b ) the axon membrane is relatively impermeable to certain carbohydrate intermediates; c ) in developing nerve the fraction of the total metabolism that is essential for the maintenance of the excitatory state is relatively small.
Serre's Modularity Conjecture

These are the lecture notes from a five-hour mini-course given at the Winter School on Galois Theory held at the University of Luxembourg in February 2012. Their aim is to give an overview of Serre's modularity conjecture and of its proof by Khare, Wintenberger, and Kisin, as well as of the results of other mathematicians that played an important role in the proof. Along the way we remark on some recent (as of 2012) work concerning generalizations of the conjecture.
Design of active inductor at 2.4 GHz frequency using 180 nm CMOS technology

In this work, a CMOS active inductor has been designed using UMC 180 nm CMOS technology. The architecture of the active inductor is based on gyrator-C topology using active components. The intrinsic capacitance value of the MOSFETs has been transformed to the inductance value by designing and optimizing the parameters that affect the inductance value in the circuit. In addition to this, the quality factor of the inductor and power consumption of the design has also been studied and the results are compared. Two designs have been investigated one for high value of inductance (in the range of 12.2nH–14.3nH) with moderate quality factor (307) and another for high value of quality factor (1334) with moderate range of inductance values (6.79nH–7.4nH). From the results it has been observed that the active inductor based RF circuits consume less area compared to the circuits having passive inductors for similar inductance values.
Adsorption of Fluoride from Drinking Water on Magnesium substituted Hydroxyapatite

In the present study performance of synthesized adsorbent was investigated for fluoride removal from drinking water under batch mode operations. Magnesium substituted Hydroxyapatite (Mg-HAp) which is a calcium-magnesium based adsorbent was characterized using XRD. The effect of different parameters such as pH, initial fluoride concentration, contact time and co-existing ions (Bicarbonate, Sulphate, Chloride, Nitrate) were studied to understand the adsorption behavior of sorbent under various conditions. Adsorption kinetics followed a typical kinetic curve and pseudo second order rate model described the kinetic sorption process indicating that chemical adsorption, rather than mass transfer, is the rate determining step. Equilibrium was reached in less than 24 hours of contact time and equilibrium data followed Freundlich isotherm model more closely as compared to Langmuir isotherm model. Leaching of Calcium & Magnesium (Ca-Mg) was found to be insignificant as hardness at in all treated samples was found to be increased by 12.13 mg/L as CaCO3. An increase in equilibrium pH from 6.5 to 8.7 reduced the uptake capacity by 41% and similar trend was observed for leaching of Ca-Mg. The presence of coexisting anions reduced the uptake capacity negligibly.
An Analytical Performance Evaluation Framework for NB-IoT

Narrowband Internet of Things (NB-IoT) technology emerged in Release 13 as one of the solutions to provide cellular IoT connectivity. NB-IoT is designed to achieve better indoor coverage, support of a massive number of low-throughput devices, with relaxed delay requirements, and lower energy consumption. Particularly, the extensive coverage of NB-IoT poses a great challenge. The goal is to cover devices in areas previously inaccessible by cellular networks due to penetration losses or remote locations. To solve this, NB-IoT utilizes bandwidth reduction and repetitions. However, for the targeted low range of signal to noise ratio (SNR), the coverage gain due to repetitions can be significantly limited by the performance of the channel estimator. In this paper, we provide an analytical evaluation framework to study the performance of NB-IoT. Our analysis includes the limitations due to realistic channel estimation (CE) and delves into the estimation of the SNR. Additionally, the conducted evaluation shows the impact of the coverage extension in the final performance of the NB-IoT user equipment (UE) in terms of uplink packet transmission latency and battery lifetime. Specifically, regarding UE’s battery lifetime, for a maximum coupling loss (MCL) of 164 dB, realistic CE evaluations obtain a battery lifetime reduction of approximately 90% compared to ideal CE.
Evaluation of chalkiness in basmati rice by virtual instrumentation

In agricultural industry rice is the most important edible grain. Quality assessment of rice grains depends mainly on its chalkiness percentage, breakage of grains, grain temperature, grain moisture content, insects infected, amylose content, gel consistency and size. Traditional inspection of chalkiness was carried out by human inspectors by passing the light through the rice grains in which percentage of inaccuracy was high because the inspection done varies from person to person sight. Nowadays chalkiness inspection is done by machine vision using image processing techniques. In this paper LabVIEW software is used for the detection and measurement of chalkiness percentage. Algorithm is developed and applied on the image to detect the chalkiness present in the rice grain.