Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Determination of the true prevalence of infection with the human T-cell lymphotropic viruses (HTLV-I/II) may require a combination of biomolecular and serological analyses.

Infection with the human T-cell lymphotropic virus types I and II (HTLV-I/II) usually is determined by tests that detect antibodies to the viral structural proteins. However, recent studies revealed that patients with mycosis fungoides have proviral DNA sequences related to the HTLV transactivating-transforming gene tax, without having antibodies to the virus. These results raised the possibility that the prevalence of HTLV infection in the general population of the United States also may be underestimated. To reassess the prevalence of HTLV-I/II infection effectively, a population at increased risk for infection (i.e., a cohort of injection drug users [IDUs]) was studied. Paired sera and peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from 81 IDUs were subjected to testing by Western blot analysis for antibodies to the viral structural proteins gag and env and by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) Southern analysis to detect gag, pol and tax proviral DNA sequences. Western blot assays showed 1 of 81 IDUs to be positive for HTLV-I, 14 to be positive for antibodies to HTLV-II, and 3 to be HTLV-serotype indeterminate. When whole-cell lysates of PBMCs from these individuals were subjected to PCR and Southern analysis. 39 of 81 were found to have HTLV-related sequences. A total of nine IDUs were found to be infected with HTLV-I, a figure nearly 10 times higher than that estimated by serology alone. Bio-molecular analysis showed HTLV-II-specific proviral sequences in 21 IDUs. Three individuals were seropositive for HTLV-II but lacked PCR evidence of gag, pol and tax sequences. Thus, the overall prevalence of HTLV infection among this cohort was 59% (43 of 81) (i.e., more than twice the frequency predicted by serology, 18 of 81 or 22%). These results indicate that it may be necessary to incorporate biomolecular as well as serological methodologies to identify all persons infected with these retroviruses.
Inhibitory cortactin nanobodies delineate the role of NTA‐ and SH3‐domain–specific functions during invadopodium formation and cancer cell invasion

Cancer cells exploit different strategies to escape from the primary tumor, gain access to the circulation, disseminate throughout the body, and form metastases, the leading cause of death by cancer. Invadopodia, pro‐teolytically active plasma membrane extensions, are essential in this escape mechanism. Cortactin is involved in every phase of invadopodia formation, and its overexpression is associated with increased invadopodia formation, extracellular matrix degradation, and cancer cell invasion. To analyze endogenous cortactin domain function in these processes, we characterized the effects of nanobodies that are specific for the N‐terminal acidic domain of cortactin and expected to target small epitopes within this domain. These nanobodies inhibit cortactin‐mediated actin‐related protein (Arp)2/3 activation, and, after their intracellular expression in cancer cells, decrease invadopodia formation, extracellular matrix degradation, and cancer cell invasion. In addition, one of the nanobodies affects Arp2/3 interaction and invadopodium stability, and a nanobody targeting the Src homology 3 domain of cortactin enabled comparison of 2 functional regions in invadopodium formation or stability. Given their common and distinct effects, we validate cortactin nanobodies as an instrument to selectively block and study distinct domains within a protein with unprecedented precision, aiding rational future generation of protein domain.xml–. xmlselective therapeutic compounds.xml
Screening for Inconsistencies and Changes in Semantic Web Ontologies : Experiments with Protégé

In this paper, we discuss and characterize some common types of deficiencies in Semantic web ontologies. We are especially interested in various types of inconsistencies that may occur as a result of ontology merger. The current state-of-the-art in ontology evaluation is briefly reviewed, and some pitfalls of ontology merging are outlined. Our experiences with the state-of-the-art ontology development environment Protégé are presented and the need for more powerful ontology evaluation techniques able to tolerate some types of inconsistencies in merged ontologies is identified. To address this need, we discuss possible ways for resolving inconsistencies, and review one algorithmic solution to allow for automatic rewrite of certain types of inconsistencies in terminological hierarchies. An experimental evaluation of the letter is presented.
QOS FACTORS BASED NODE SELECTION AND SCHEDULING ALGORITHM FOR IMPROVING SYSTEM PERFORMANCE IN MOBILE ADHOC NETWORKS

Mobile ad-hoc networks consist of a collection of mobile nodes without having a fixed communication. Due to the communication less network, there exist a ordinary link breakages which can leads to frequent path failures and finding the route. A mobile nodes can blindly rebroadcasts the first received route request packets unless it has a route to the destination and thus it causes the broadcast storm problem. So, a neighbor coverage-based probabilistic rebroadcast protocol (NCPR) for reducing routing overhead in mobile ad-hoc networks and propose a novel rebroadcast delay to determine the rebroadcast order and then obtain the more accurate additional coverage ratio by sensing neighbor coverage knowledge. By using the neighbor coverage knowledge and the probabilistic method, which can considerably reduce the number of retransmissions so as to reduce the routing overhead and can also improve the performance of routing. It provides a reduced amount of quality-of-service in terms of throughput, packet delivery ratio and delay. In this research work, to overcome this problem we have implemented a new algorithm called “QOS factors based node selection method and Scheduling” (QFNSS) in which the node is selected for the routing process. In Proposed work, for each and every link the packet delivery ratio, throughput, delay, bandwidth, stability, interference is computed. Based on the node selection, the packet priority is computed for the scheduling process. It selects an intermediate node assigns the highest priority to the packet with the closest deadline and forwards the packet with the highest priority first. An experimental result shows in the proposed system to achieve high packet delivery ratio, less delay, high bandwidth utilization when compared to the NCPR.
Comparison of a combination of tiotropium plus formoterol to salmeterol plus fluticasone in moderate COPD.

BACKGROUND A 6-week, multicenter, randomized, double-blind, parallel-group study was conducted in patients with COPD to compare lung function improvements of tiotropium, 18 microg qd, plus formoterol, 12 microg bid, to salmeterol, 50 microg bid, plus fluticasone, 500 microg bid. METHODS Following a screening visit, subjects entered a run-in period in which they received regular ipratropium. At randomization, patients were assigned to either tiotropium plus formoterol or salmeterol plus fluticasone. After 6 weeks of treatment, a 12-h lung function profile was obtained. The coprimary end points were FEV(1) area under the curve for the time period 0 to 12 h (AUC(0-12)) and peak FEV(1). RESULTS A total of 729 patients were screened, and 605 patients were randomized and treated. A total of 592 patients (baseline FEV(1), 1.32 +/- 0.43 L/min [+/-SD]) were included in the analysis. After 6 weeks, the 12-h lung function profiles in the group receiving tiotropium plus formoterol were superior to those in the group receiving salmeterol plus fluticasone (mean difference in FEV(1) AUC(0-12), 78 mL [p = 0.0006]; mean difference in FVC AUC(0-12), 173 mL, p < 0.0001). Also, peak responses were in favor of tiotropium plus formoterol (difference in peak FEV(1), 103 mL [p < 0.0001]; difference in peak FVC, 214 mL [p < 0.0001]), as were FEV(1) and FVC at each individual time point after dose (p < 0.05). Predose FVC was significantly higher with the bronchodilator combination, while predose FEV(1) and rescue medication use did not differ significantly between groups. Both treatments were well tolerated. CONCLUSIONS Tiotropium plus formoterol was superior in lung function over the day compared to salmeterol plus fluticasone in patients with moderate COPD. Long-term studies in patients with severe COPD are warranted to assess the relative efficacy of different treatment combinations. TRIAL REGISTRATION Clinicaltrials.gov Identifier: NCT00239421.
Relationship between discharge heart rate and mortality in patients after acute myocardial infarction treated with primary percutaneous coronary intervention.

AIMS In patients with coronary artery disease, the prognostic value of heart rate has been mainly evaluated in patients with left ventricular dysfunction. Patients with ST-segment elevation acute myocardial infarction (STEMI) are currently treated with primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) and in this contemporary population of patients, the relationship between heart rate and mortality during a follow-up >1 year has not been investigated. METHODS AND RESULTS The population comprised 1453 STEMI patients treated with primary PCI. Resting heart rate was measured before discharge and all patients were followed prospectively. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE the endpoints were defined as all-cause mortality and cardiovascular mortality. The median follow-up duration was 40 months. During this period, 83(6%) patients died of which 52(4%) died from cardiovascular disease. After adjusting for parameters reflecting a greater infarct size and the presence of heart failure, heart rate at discharge remained a strong predictor of mortality. Patients with a heart rate of ≥70 b.p.m. had a two times increased risk of cardiovascular mortality at 1- and 4-year follow-up compared with patients with a heart rate <70 b.p.m. In addition, every increase of 5 b.p.m. in heart rate at discharge was associated with a 29 and 24% increased risk of cardiovascular mortality at 1- and 4-year follow-up, respectively. CONCLUSION In STEMI patients treated with primary PCI and optimal medical therapy, heart rate at discharge was an important predictor of mortality up to 4 years follow-up even after adjustment for parameters reflecting a greater infarct size and the presence of heart failure.
Advances in sonographic detection of ovarian cancer: depiction of tumor neovascularity with microbubbles.

OBJECTIVE The purpose of this article is to discuss and illustrate the use of contrast-enhanced transvaginal sonography for the early detection of ovarian cancer and suggest how this technique may best be used to distinguish benign from malignant ovarian masses. CONCLUSION Microbubble-enhanced transvaginal sonography can enhance the evaluation of ovarian masses by early detection of tumor microvascularity.
DETECTION OF ROAD CURB FROM MOBILE TERRESTRIAL LASER SCANNER POINT CLOUD

Abstract. The detection of different road furniture such as curb, street floor and sidewalk from point clouds is important in many applications such as road maintenance and city planning. In this paper a pipeline for point cloud processing to detect the road curb from unorganized point clouds captured from a mobile terrestrial laser scanner is proposed. The proposed pipeline utilizes a covariance- based procedure to perform a 3D segmentation of point clouds. Features such as the road curb can be extracted by analyzing the local neighborhood of every point. This is done by computing the surface normal direction and the normalized eigenvalues. These parameters can be used to extract the ground objects, such as curb, street floor and sidewalk. The curb can be isolated from the rest of the ground objects based on the previous parameters in addition to elevation gradient within the local neighborhood. A 2D image processing scheme is also presented to find the curbs as edges in a generated 2D height image. The results show successful detection rates of 78% and 94% using 3D and 2D approaches respectively.
Caspase‐dependent cleavage of the mono‐ADP‐ribosyltransferase ARTD10 interferes with its pro‐apoptotic function

ADP‐ribosylation is a post‐translational modification that regulates various physiological processes, including DNA damage repair, gene transcription and signal transduction. Intracellular ADP‐ribosyltransferases (ARTDs or PARPs) modify their substrates either by poly‐ or mono‐ADP‐ribosylation. Previously we identified ARTD10 (formerly PARP10) as a mono‐ADP‐ribosyltransferase, and observed that exogenous ARTD10 but not ARTD10‐G888W, a catalytically inactive mutant, interferes with cell proliferation. To expand on this observation, we established cell lines with inducible ARTD10 or ARTD10‐G888W. Consistent with our previous findings, induction of the wild‐type protein but not the mutant inhibited cell proliferation, primarily by inducing apoptosis. During apoptosis, ARTD10 itself was targeted by caspases. We mapped the major cleavage site at EIAMD406↓S, a sequence that was preferentially recognized by caspase–6. Caspase‐dependent cleavage inhibited the pro‐apoptotic activity of ARTD10, as ARTD10(1–406) and ARTD10(407–1025), either alone or together, were unable to induce apoptosis, despite catalytic activity of the latter. Deletion of the N–terminal RNA recognition motif in ARTD10(257–1025) also resulted in loss of pro‐apoptotic activity. Thus our findings indicate that the RNA recognition motif contributes to the pro‐apoptotic effect, together with the catalytic domain. We suggest that these two domains must be physically linked to stimulate apoptosis, possibly targeting ARTD10 through the RNA recognition motif to specific substrates that control cell death. Moreover, we established that knockdown of ARTD10 reduced apoptosis in response to DNA‐damaging agents. Together, these findings indicate that ARTD10 is involved in the regulation of apoptosis, and that, once apoptosis is activated, ARTD10 is cleaved as part of negative feedback regulation.
Milk from cows of different β-casein genotypes as a source of β-casomorphin-7

The aim of this study was to quantify β-casomorphin-7 in raw, hydrolyzed and processed milk in different stages of the cow lactation. The obtained results lead to the following conclusion: the highest amount of β-casomorphin-7 released from the hydrolyzed and processed milk is related to the β-casein A1 allele, irrespective of a lactation period. Some traces of β-casomorphin-7 in milk from cows with the β-casein A2 variant are probably a result of the acid hydrolysis of β-casein during its digestion with pepsin. It has been shown that processing of raw milk at high temperatures affects, in a slight degree, the differences between β-casomorphins-7 originating from different β-casein genotypes. The obtained results suggest a possibility to provide a new nutritional factor for milk quality based on the content of β-casomorphin-7 liberated in vivo from milk digested by a mixture of the gastrointestinal enzymes.
PROTEIN KINASE C AFFECTS REFORMATION OF ENDOTHELIAL JUNCTIONS IN XENOPUS XTH‐2 CELLS

Endothelial cells can reversibly be forced to suppress the formation of endothelial junctions (EJ) by cultivation in a low calcium medium. The authors localized vinculin and cadherin as marker proteins of EJ and actin as a cytoskeletal component by fluorescence microscopy, and used this cell model to study the reformation of endothelial junctions under conditions of activation and inhibition of protein kinase C (PKC). Inhibition of PKC by H‐7 leads to an acceleration of EJ reformation, while constitutive activation by TPA inhibits the reformation process.
Two‐step, extensive alterations in the transcriptome from G0 arrest to cell division in Schizosaccharomyces pombe

Body cells in multicellular organisms are in the G0 state, in which cells are arrested and terminally differentiated. To understand how the G0 state is maintained, the genes that are specifically expressed or repressed in G0 must be identified, as they control G0. In the fission yeast Schizosaccharomyces pombe, haploid cells are completely arrested under nitrogen source starvation with high viability. We examined the global transcriptome of G0 cells and cells on the course to resume vegetative growth. Approximately 20% of the transcripts of ~5000 genes increased or decreased more than fourfold in the two‐step transitions that occur prior to replication. Of the top 30 abundant transcripts in G0, 23 were replaced by ribosome‐ and translation‐related transcripts in the dividing vegetative state. Eight identified clusters with distinct alteration patterns of ~2700 transcripts were annotated by Gene Ontology. Disruption of 53 genes indicated that nine of them were necessary to support the proper G0 state. These nine genes included two C2H2 zinc finger transcription factors, a cyclin‐like protein implicated in phosphorylation of RNA polymerase II, two putative autophagy regulators, a G‐protein activating factor, and two CBS domain proteins, possibly involved in AMP‐activated kinase.
The size optimize of DCVSPG logic

In this paper, a simple delay model for manual analysis of DCVSPG logic is built to evaluate the delay of the circuit. The delay obtained by the model is very close to that obtained by HSPICE Also the model can be used to optimize the size of NMOS transistors in DCVSPG logic under specific constraints. At last, the technique how to use this model is displayed1.
Chemistry and properties of nanocrystals of different shapes.

The interest in nanoscale materials stems from the fact that new properties are acquired at this length scale and, equally important, that these properties * To whom correspondence should be addressed. Phone, 404-8940292; fax, 404-894-0294; e-mail, mostafa.el-sayed@ chemistry.gatech. edu. † Case Western Reserve UniversitysMillis 2258. ‡ Phone, 216-368-5918; fax, 216-368-3006; e-mail, burda@case.edu. § Georgia Institute of Technology. 1025 Chem. Rev. 2005, 105, 1025−1102
Ventral recumbency is crucial for fast and safe orotracheal intubation in laboratory swine

The aim of this study was to find the fastest, easiest and safest method of achieving orotracheal intubation for general anaesthesia in laboratory pigs. Twenty-one Yorkshire × Landrace crossbreed male castrated pigs (32.9 ± 4.8 kg) were investigated. Dorsal and ventral recumbency are the alternatives most frequently described for animal positioning during intubation procedures. Based on standardized induction of general anaesthesia using pentobarbital and remifentanil, the dorsoventral and ventrodorsal positions were compared with regard to the time needed, changes in oxygenation and circulatory response. Positioning was found to be crucial for fast orotracheal intubation. The time required for safe intubation is significantly shorter with the ventrodorsal position (17.3 s) in comparison with the dorsoventral position (58.4 s; P < 0.001). Hypoxia did not occur in either group. A significant drop in systolic blood pressure was observed in both groups. Diastolic and mean arterial pressures were not influenced by intubation. A significant increase in heart rate was observed in pigs intubated in ventral recumbency, but not after intubation in the dorsal position. Preoxygenation before intubation is vitally important for preventing hypoxia. With regard to clinical practice, the haemodynamic changes observed in this investigation do not appear to be relevant, as the mean arterial pressure was not altered and heart rates only increased moderately. It may be concluded that the ventrodorsal position can be recommended for orotracheal intubation in pigs as the first choice for providing a smooth and fast airway.
Managing Scuba Divers to Meet Ecological Goals for Coral Reef Conservation

Abstract Marine protected areas increasingly are challenged to maintain or increase tourism benefits while adequately protecting resources. Although carrying capacity strategies can be used to cope with use-related impacts, there is little understanding of divers themselves, their management preferences, and how preferences relate to conservation goals. By using a stated preference choice modeling approach, we investigated the choices divers make in selecting diving trips to marine protected areas as defined by use level, access, level of supervision, fees, conservation education, and diving expectations. Logit models showed that divers preferred a more restrictive management scenario over the status quo. Divers favored reductions in the level of site use and increased levels of conservation education. Divers did not favor fees to access protected areas, having less access to the resource, or extensive supervision. Finally, divers were much more willing to accept increasingly restrictive management scenarios when they could expect to see increased marine life.
Implementation of predictive control algorithms on networked control systems

Programmable logic controllers (PLC) with network interfaces have become standard industrial control devices. However because of their relatively low computation power they cannot be used as standalone devices for implementing complicated control algorithms such as predictive control. The work presented in this paper addresses the issue of implementing these algorithms by distributing their computations to more than one such devices which can communicate between each other over an industrial network. Specifically, the computations of the predictive control algorithms that can be executed in parallel are identified. The way these computations can be scheduled to run in parallel on different architectures of control devices are studied. The feasibility of realizing the execution of the algorithms on the studied architectures is verified by presenting the results of the experimental realization of an application on a test bed facility which is a network of 12 PLCs and a computer-based plant simulator built according to the Profibus-DP standard
Regulation of Receptor Tyrosine Kinase Signaling by Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase-1B*

Receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs) are key regulators of cellular homeostasis. Based on in vitro andex vivo studies, protein tyrosine phosphatase-1B (PTP1B) was implicated in the regulation of several RTKs, yet mice lacking PTP1B show defects mainly in insulin and leptin receptor signaling. To address this apparent paradox, we studied RTK signaling in primary and immortalized fibroblasts from PTP1B−/− mice. After growth factor treatment, cells lacking PTP1B exhibit increased and sustained phosphorylation of the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) and the platelet-derived growth factor receptor (PDGFR). However, Erk activation is enhanced only slightly, and there is no increase in Akt activation in PTP1B-deficient cells. Our results show that PTP1B does play a role in regulating EGFR and PDGFR phosphorylation but that other signaling mechanisms can largely compensate for PTP1B deficiency. In-gel phosphatase experiments suggest that other PTPs may help to regulate the EGFR and PDGFR in PTP1B−/− fibroblasts. This and other compensatory mechanisms prevent widespread, uncontrolled activation of RTKs in the absence of PTP1B and probably explain the relatively mild effects of PTP1B deletion in mice.