Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Vaccination of pregnant women in the Valencian Community during the 2014-15 influenza season: a multicentre study

ABSTRACT Background To study influenza vaccination uptake in pregnant women from three Health Departments in the Valencian Community (Spain) during the 2014-15 flu season, to identify degree of knowledge, sources of information and attitudes toward immunization against influenza. Methods Multicentre cross-sectional descriptive study during the 2014-15 vaccination campaign. Vaccine coverage was determined using the Nominal Vaccination Registry (NVR). Subsequently, a telephone survey was carried out on a sample of vaccinated and unvaccinated postpartum women. Results The NVR had information on 934 (59.5%) out of 1,569 postpartum women; distribution per Health Departments was: 420 (44.9%), 161 (17.2%) and 353 (37.8%) in La Ribera, Torrevieja and Elx-Crevillent respectively. Vaccine uptake was 27.9% (n = 261). According to the “Country of Origin” variable, 77.5% (n = 724) of women were Spanish, with a vaccination rate of 26.7% (n = 193), compared to 22.5% (n = 210) who were non-Spanish, with a rate of 32.4% (n = 68). The main source of information was midwives for 83.7% (n = 159) of vaccinated pregnant women and for 44.6% (n = 127) of non-vaccinated women. The main reasons for vaccine refusal were lack of awareness (29.5%, n = 84) and not considering it necessary (25.6%, n = 73). Conclusion Despite their high willingness to be vaccinated after receiving information about the flu vaccine, the vaccination coverage in pregnant women studied is still low and can be improved. Health professionals need new information strategies to extend vaccine uptake to a larger number of pregnant women in Spain. Midwife advice plays an essential role in transmitting information on influenza vaccination in pregnant women and has a significant impact on uptake.
A new method for detecting autocorrelation of evolutionary rates in large phylogenies

New species arise from pre-existing species and inherit similar genomes and environments. This predicts greater similarity of mutation rates and the tempo of molecular evolution between direct ancestors and descendants, resulting in autocorrelation of evolutionary rates within lineages in the tree of life. Surprisingly, molecular sequence data have not confirmed this expectation, possibly because available methods lack power to detect autocorrelated rates. Here we present a machine learning method to detect the presence evolutionary rate autocorrelation in large phylogenies. The new method is computationally efficient and performs better than the available state-of-the-art methods. Application of the new method reveals extensive rate autocorrelation in DNA and amino acid sequence evolution of mammals, birds, insects, metazoans, plants, fungi, and prokaryotes. Therefore, rate autocorrelation is a common phenomenon throughout the tree of life. These findings suggest concordance between molecular and non-molecular evolutionary patterns and will foster unbiased and precise dating of the tree of life.
An information divergence based approach to detect flooding DDoS attacks and Flash Crowds

Distributed Denial of Service (DDoS) attacks poses a severe threat to widely used Internet-based services and applications. Currently, during in the technology era, the internet is the only real exigent that delivers a glut of services like businesses, banking, communication, education, e-commerce, etc. Distributed Denial of Service attack aims to deny access by legitimate users to shared services or resources. Because of the vulnerability of the initial style of the web, attackers can merely mimic the patterns of legitimate network traffic. The prevailing fingerprint or feature-based methods are not appropriate to detect a recent DDoS attack. In this paper our goal is to detect a DDoS attack as well as Flash Crowd using various information distance measures such as Kullbeck-Leibler, Hellinger and Manhattan distance to measure the flow similarity among the traffic. Further the detection parameters such as Detection Rate, Classification Rate, Precision Rate and False Positive Rate is computed and shows that the Kullbeck-Leibler detection metric effectively detects the attack as compared to the other two.
High performance computing RBFN for classification of sizable microarrays

The data retrieved from microarray cover the varieties in its nature, and changes observed with time. The size of gene expression data is huge, which brings computational and analytical challenges while performing classification. The analysis has become an arduous task, especially with the increase in size of commercially available probe sets due to rise in number of features for an experimental set. In this paper, Radial Basis Function Network based on Spark framework (sf-RBFN) is proposed that can run on scalable cluster with multiple nodes. The proposed sf-RBFN classifier can be applied to classify large datasets having size in terms of gigabytes or terabytes. The performance of sf-RBFN is tested with the help of microarray data of various dimensions. A comparative study has been presented on performance and efficiency of both Spark based RBFN classifier (sf-RBFN) and traditional RBFN respectively. Experimental results show that the processing efficiency of the proposed sf-RBFN classifier is significantly superior, as compared to RBFN.
Minimum-delay routing in single lane express way CR-VANET

CR-VANET (Cognitive radio-vehicular Ad-Hoc Network) can mitigate channel resource shortage and congestion in VANET. For CR-VANET, with the consideration of fast topology changes and Pus'activities, the existing routing protocols or schemes in VANET or cognitive radio networks (CRAHNs) can not be directly applied into CR-VANET. Therefore, we propose a jointly routing algorithm of CRVANET in urban single-lane expressway for minimizing end-to-end delay (MDCR-VANET). With the consideration of characters of single-lane urban expressway and delay in CRAHNs and VANET, we formulate the objective function as non-linear integer programming, which is NP-hard. Our algorithm uses the geography based greedy forwarding method to ensure the minimum transmission delay and store-forward delay. For the channle selection, we propose a heuristic method to select appropriate channel. Through extensive simulations and comparisons of stateof-the-art protocols, we prove that our algorithm can achieve less end-to-end delay.
An approach for implementing key performance indicators of a discrete manufacturing simulator based on the ISO 22400 standard

Performance measurement tools and techniques have become very significant in today's industries for increasing the efficiency of their processes in order to face the competitive market. The first step towards performance measurement is the real-time monitoring and gathering of the data from the manufacturing system. Applying these performance measurement techniques on real-world industry in a way that is more general and efficient is the next challenge. This paper presents a methodology for implementing the key performance indicators defined in the ISO 22400 standard-Automation systems and integration, Key performance indicators (KPIs) for manufacturing operations management. The proposed methodology is implemented on a multi robot line simulator for measuring its performance at runtime. The approach implements a knowledge-based system within an ontology model which describes the environment, the system and the KPIs. In fact, the KPIs semantic descriptions are based on the data models presented in the Key Performance Indicators Markup Language (KPIML), which is an XML implementation of models developed by the Manufacturing Enterprise Solutions Association (MESA) international organization.
Psychrotrophic, Mesophilic, and Moderate thermophilic Removal of Reduced Inorganic Sulfur Compounds from Process Waters 1

Effluents from industries treating sulfide rich ores often contain considerable concentrations of metastable reduced inorganic sulfur compounds such as thiosulfate and tetrathionate. These species may cause environmental problems if released to downstream recipients due to oxidation to sulfuric acid catalyzed by acidophilic microorganisms. Microbial removal of sulfur compounds from mining waters may be achieved using Acidithiobacillus caldus at mesophilic and moderately thermophilic temperatures. Tetrathionate and thiosulfate were efficiently removed from a continuous system at pH 4.5 based on a biogenerator design to avoid washout of the culture. The retention time could be reduced by addition of a carrier material to aid in biomass retention. However, in northern Sweden (average annual temperature between 0 and -2°C) a low temperature biotechnological process may be preferential to avoid heating costs rendering the process uneconomical. A psychrotolerant Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans strain SS3 capable of growth at 5°C has been tested in continuous culture for thiosulfate removal. Complete removal of thiosulfate was observed with feed medium containing 2 g thiosulfate L at a dilution rate of 0.005 h. This study has demonstrated the potential of using biotechnological solutions to remove sulfur compounds at temperatures between 5 and 45°C to reduce the impact of the mining operation on the environment.
Cisplatin, a platinum-containing antineoplastic drug: perspectives on analytical chemistry and prevention of ototoxicity

The platinum-containing drug cisplatin plays a key role in the curative and palliative treatment of many solid malignancies. Unfortunately, the treatment can lead to sensorineural hearing loss, which limits the use of the drug. High single and cumulative dose levels are risk factors, but there is a large interindividual variability in the susceptibility to the ototoxic effects. The mechanisms behind the ototoxicity have not been fully elucidated, but one hallmark is oxidative stress. Moreover, the ototoxicity is dependent on the exposure of cisplatin and/or its biotransformation product MHC in the perilymphatic compartment of the cochlea. The aim of the research presented in this thesis was to contribute to the development of treatment strategies against cisplatin-induced ototoxicity. Sulfur-containing nucleophiles are attractive candidate compounds against cisplatin-induced hearing loss since they are prone to chemically interact with cisplatin and MHC and could potentially reduce the exposure of these platinum species in the cochlea. A second possible mechanism may be relief of oxidative stress. The aim of the in vitro study described in Paper I was to investigate how quickly the concentrations of cisplatin and MHC can be reduced in the presence of five sulfur-containing nucleophiles. The results showed that thiosulfate was a promising candidate for future studies in vivo, since it reacted fast with cisplatin and, in particular, with MHC. This conclusion was further supported by the fact that thiosulfate is an endogenous ion, is well tolerated, and has been used clinically for decades against e.g. cyanide poisoning. Systemic administration of thiosulfate has earlier been investigated in several in vitro and in vivo studies against cisplatin-induced ototoxicity. However, it has been unknown whether thiosulfate at all reaches the cochlea. In the study described in Paper II, it was demonstrated that the distribution of thiosulfate to the perilymphatic compartment was quick and extensive after an i.v. bolus injection in guinea pigs. Unfortunately, this way of administration of thiosulfate in connection with systemic cisplatin delivery is risky, since it may lead to decreased antitumoral effects due to inactivation of cisplatin and MHC not only in the cochlea but also in tumor tissues. In the studies on which Paper III is based, it was found that the ototoxicity in cisplatin-treated guinea pigs was reduced by a local administration strategy employing a thiosulfate-containing hyaluronan gel administered into the middle ear cavity three hours prior to the systemic cisplatin injection. When quantifying cisplatin, unselective methods are almost always used, which may confound the results. In the final study, on which Paper IV is based, a sensitive, robust, and fast method using liquid chromatography and UV detection for the selective analysis of cisplatin in blood was developed. This method will be a valuable instrument in future studies exploring the role of pharmacokinetic parameters of cisplatin for the ototoxic effects.
Customer annual income prediction using resampling approach

Due to the diversified nature of enormous datasets of real world, the challenging task of data mining provides interesting and powerful insights that may contribute in greater aspects. The aim of this research work is to properly classify a large, highly dependent and complex dataset to predict customer income range from other demographic attributes. The baseline evaluation phase is confronted with overfitting problem. In order to improve classification performance, well established techniques were applied here but satisfactory result in significant level is obtained with resampling method. Useful measures have been considered to evaluate and validate the models. The positive ramification of this study is it identifies the limitations of supervised classification problem for those datasets which consist of highly dependent feature vectors and also incorrect class information.
1 Improving Disclosure Incentives for Thinly Traded Stocks by Varying the Market Microstructure

Two distinct literatures discuss their own interpretations of ‘transparency’ associated with trading stocks. The disclosure literature adopts an interpretation for transparency in terms of the visibility of communication that a firm adopts for public releases of information to the market. This literature focuses upon the quantity and quality of the contents of corporate news wire releases and financial statements. In contrast the market microstructure literature adopts an interpretation in terms of the level of visibility of the trading process used to auction a stock. In this literature the focus is upon the differential information that agents such as market makers have in the details of the auction trading process in order driven versus quote driven markets or some hybrid variant. To date these two literatures have remained largely separated.
Load rebalancing for Hadoop Distributed File System using distributed hash table

All the machines are required to be under a common administrator and be able to communicate securely. To communicate securely, Advanced Encryption Standard (AES) algorithm is used to enable protection of data at each clusters. It performs encryption and decryption before read and write respectively. Encryption and Decryption in key is used for securing Hadoop Distributed File System. The existing system depends on a single name node to manage almost all operations of every data block in the file system. As a result it can be a bottleneck resource and a single point of failure. To overcome this failure, Load Rebalancing Algorithm is used for Hadoop Distributed File System using Distributed Hash Table. The Proposed load rebalancing algorithm will be compared against a centralized approach in a production system and a competing distributed solution is presented in the literature. The storage nodes are structured as a network based on distributed hash table discovering a file chunk can simply refer to rapid key lookup in DHTs, given that a unique handle (or identifier) is assigned to each file chunk.
EFFECT OF AUTOGENOUS DENTIN GRAFT COMBINED WITH PLATELET RICH PLASMA ON ALVEOLAR BONE HEALING AFTER TOOTH EXTRACTION IN RABBIT

INTRODUCTION: Alveolar ridge preservation strategies are indicated to minimize the loss of ridge volume that typically follows tooth extraction. Dentin and bone are mineralized tissues and almost similar in chemical components. Particulate dentin has a plenty of growth factors such as bone morphogenetic proteins (BMP) that can induce new bone formation. Platelets play a fundamental role in hemostasis and are a natural source of growth factors. Mixture of particulate dentin and platelet-rich plasma can have an osteoinductive effect during different stages of bone healing. OBJECTIVES: To investigate the biological effect of autogenous dentin graft combined with platelet rich plasma on alveolar bone healing following tooth extraction in rabbit. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Seven healthy male New Zealand rabbits weighing 3kg (±250 g) were included in this study. The upper right incisor of each rabbit was extracted . The root of each incisor was used as a source of dentin. Root dentin was ground into powder by means of mortar and pestle.2 ml blood were taken from each rabbit. Platelet rich plasma was separated from other blood components by centrifuge machine. The left and right lower first premolars were extracted at the same time . The sockets of the lower right first premolars were filled by the mixture of dentin and platelet rich plasma (study group) while sockets of the lower left premolars were left to heal spontaneously (control group). Comparison of the healing features between the two groups was made histologically and histomorhometrically after 6 weeks. RESULTS: New bone formation was noticed in the sockets loaded with dentin and platelet rich plasma mixture. The newly formed bone was significantly higher when compared to that in the control group. CONCLUSIONS combination of dentin and platelet rich plasma induces new bone formation.
Microseismic Monitoring Developments in Hydraulic Fracture Stimulation

The last decade has seen a significantly increased interest in microseismic monitoring by the hydrocarbon industry due to the recent surge in unconventional resources such as shale-gas and heavy-oil plays. Both hydraulic fracturing and steam injection create changes in local pore pressures and in situ stresses and thereby brittle failure in intact rock plus additional slip/shearing in naturally fractured rock. Local rock failure or slip yields an acoustic emis‐ sion, which is also known as a microseismic event. The microseismic cloud represents thus a volumetric map of the extent of induced fracture shearing, opening and closing. Microseis‐ mic monitoring can provide pertinent information on in situ reservoir deformation due to fluid stimulation, thus ultimately facilitating reservoir drainage. This paper reviews some of the current key questions and research in microseismicity, ranging from acquisition, proc‐ essing to interpretation.
Social Attention : ' Vhat Social Information Enters the Cognitive System ?

To navigate their social worlds successfully, humans must coordinate their own behavior with the behaviors of others. Because human behavior takes place in a complex social world, it imposes high demand on cognitive capacity. Yet the cognitive resources available to humans to meet this demand are relatively limited. Selectivity is a crucial cl~mentelement in social cognition. Only through informational selection are humans able to make decisions that are simultaneously adaptive and efficient. This chapter reviews evidence from social cognition research which demonstrates that humans are selective in the social information they attend to, the manner in which they process this information, ~nd the behaviors they ultimately enact. This selectivity in social attention, social thinking, and social behavior is an adaptive tool that helps humans successfully maneuver through their complex social worlds.
Tidal breathing parameters measured by structured light plethysmography in children aged 2–12 years recovering from acute asthma/wheeze compared with healthy children

Measurement of lung function can be difficult in young children. Structured light plethysmography (SLP) is a novel, noncontact method of measuring tidal breathing that monitors displacement of the thoraco–abdominal wall. SLP was used to compare breathing in children recovering from an acute exacerbation of asthma/wheeze and an age‐matched cohort of controls. Children aged 2–12 years with acute asthma/wheeze (n = 39) underwent two 5‐min SLP assessments, one before bronchodilator treatment and one after. SLP was performed once in controls (n = 54). Nonparametric comparisons of patients to healthy children and of pre‐bronchodilator to post‐bronchodilator were made for all children, and also stratified by age group (2–5 vs. 6–12 years old). In the asthma/wheeze group, IE50SLP (inspiratory to expiratory flow ratio) was higher (median 1.47 vs. 1.31; P = 0.002), thoraco–abdominal asynchrony (TAA) and left–right asynchrony were greater (both P < 0.001), and respiratory rate was faster (P < 0.001) than in controls. All other timing indices were shorter and displayed reduced variability (all P < 0.001). Variability in time to peak inspiratory flow was also reduced (P < 0.001). Younger children showed a greater effect than older children for TAA (interaction P < 0.05). After bronchodilator treatment, the overall cohort showed a reduction in within‐subject variability in time to peak expiratory flow only (P < 0.001). Younger children exhibited a reduction in relative contribution of the thorax, TAA, and variability in TAA (interaction P < 0.05). SLP can be successfully performed in young children. The potential of SLP to monitor diseases such as asthma in children is worthy of further investigation. ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT02543333.
Welcome back New Zealand: regional biogeography and Gondwanan origin of three endemic genera of mite harvestmen (Arachnida, Opiliones, Cyphophthalmi)

Aim Biogeographers have long been intrigued by New Zealand’s biota due to its unique combination of typical ‘continental’ and ‘island’ characteristics. The New Zealand plateau rifted from the former supercontinent Gondwana c. 80 Ma, and has been isolated from other land masses ever since. Therefore, the flora and fauna of New Zealand include lineages that are Gondwanan in origin, but also include a very large number of endemics. In this study, we analyse the evolutionary relationships of three genera of mite harvestmen (Arachnida, Opiliones, Cyphophthalmi) endemic to New Zealand, both to each other and to their temperate Gondwanan relatives found in Australia, Chile, Sri Lanka and South Africa.
The dolomite problem; control of precipitation kinetics by temperature and saturation state

The mineral dolomite and the uncertainties surrounding its origin have attracted the attention of earth scientists for over a century. The core of the dolomite ‘‘problem’’ is the apparent paradox posed by the paucity of dolomite in modern marine depositional environments versus its relative abundance in the sedimentary rock record. Solving this problem requires knowledge of the conditions under which the mineral forms and the rate of precipitation under those conditions. As a working hypothesis, it is suggested that the precipitation rate of dolomite may be quantified and modeled in a manner similar to other carbonate minerals through application of a rate law that represents the rate as a simple function of saturation index,