Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Patch Size and Connectivity Thresholds for Butterfly Habitat Restoration

Abstract: Recovery of endangered species in highly fragmented habitats often requires habitat restoration. Selection of restoration sites typically involves too many options and too much uncertainty to reach a decision based on existing reserve design methods. The Fender's blue butterfly ( Icaricia icarioides fenderi) survives in small, isolated patches of remnant prairie in Oregon's Willamette Valley—a habitat for which <0.5% of the original remains. Recovery of this species will require considerable habitat restoration. We investigated the potential of biologically based rules of thumb and more complex models to serve as tools in making land acquisitions. Based on Fender's blue dispersal behavior and demography, we have estimated that restored patches should be <1 km from existing habitat and at least 2 ha. We compared these rules to the results of two modeling approaches: an incidence function model and a spatially explicit simulation of demography and dispersal behavior. Not surprisingly, the simple rules and complex models all conclude that large (>2 ha) connected (<1 km) patches have the highest restoration value. The dispersal model, however, suggests that small, connected patches have more restoration value than large, isolated patches, whereas the incidence function model suggests that size and connectivity are equally important. These differences stem from model assumptions. We used incidence functions to predict long‐term, stochastic, steady‐state conditions and dispersal simulations to predict short‐term (25‐year) colonization dynamics. To apply our results in the context of selecting restoration sites on the ground, we recommend selecting nearby sites when short‐term colonization dynamics are expected to be an important aspect of a species' biology.
The effect of environmental parameters on the survival of airborne infectious agents

The successful transmission of infection via the airborne route relies on several factors, including the survival of the airborne pathogen in the environment as it travels between susceptible hosts. This review summarizes the various environmental factors (particularly temperature and relative humidity) that may affect the airborne survival of viruses, bacteria and fungi, with the aim of highlighting specific aspects of environmental control that may eventually enhance the aerosol or airborne infection control of infectious disease transmission within hospitals.
Game State Retrieval with Keyword Queries

There are many databases of game records available online. In order to retrieve a game state from such a database, users usually need to specify the target state in a domain-specific language, which may be difficult to learn for novice users. In this work, we propose a search system that allows users to retrieve game states from a game record database by using keywords. In our approach, we first train a neural network model for symbol grounding using a small number of pairs of a game state and a commentary on it. We then apply it to all the states in the database to associate each of them with characteristic terms and their scores. The enhanced database thus enables users to search for a state using keywords. To evaluate the performance of the proposed method, we conducted experiments of game state retrieval using game records of Shogi (Japanese chess) with commentaries. The results demonstrate that our approach gives significantly better results than full-text search and an LSTM language model.
Prognostic Significance of Absolute Lymphocyte Count/Absolute Monocyte Count Ratio at Diagnosis in Patients with Multiple Myeloma

Background Absolute lymphocyte count (ALC) in peripheral blood has recently been reported to be an independent prognostic factor in multiple myeloma (MM). Previous studies indicated that the absolute monocyte count (AMC) in peripheral blood reflects the state of the tumor microenvironment in lymphomas. Neither the utility of the AMC nor its relationship with ALC has been studied in MM. Methods The prognostic value of ALC, AMC, and the ALC/AMC ratio at the time of diagnosis was retrospectively examined in 189 patients with MM. Results On univariate analysis, low ALC (<1,400 cells/µL), high AMC (≥490 cells/µL), and low ALC/AMC ratio (<2.9) were correlated with worse overall survival (OS) (p=.002, p=.038, and p=.001, respectively). On multivariate analysis, the ALC/AMC ratio was an independent prognostic factor (p=.047), whereas ALC and AMC were no longer statistical significant. Low ALC, high AMC, and low ALC/AMC ratio were associated with poor prognostic factors such as high International Staging System stage, plasmablastic morphology, hypoalbuminemia, and high β2-microglobulin. Conclusions Univariate analysis demonstrated that changes in ALC, AMC, and the ALC/AMC ratio are associated with patient survival in MM. Multivariate analysis showed that, of these factors, the ALC/AMC ratio was an independent prognostic factor for OS.
Regulation of Hypoxia-Inducible Factor 2α Signaling by the Stress-Responsive Deacetylase Sirtuin 1

Coordinating Response to Stress Sirtuin 1 (Sirt1) (a protein deacetylase implicated in aging), senses the metabolic state of the cell and modulates the activity of substrate proteins that in turn regulate cellular transcriptional responses. In response to hypoxia, cells activate the transcription factor hypoxia-inducible factor 2 alpha (HIF-2α), which promotes adaptive responses. Dioum et al. (p. 1289; see the Perspective by Guarente) discovered a link between these two important cellular stress response systems—HIF-2α is a substrate of Sirt1. Direct interaction between Sirt1 and HIF-2α results in deacetylation of HIF-2α and enhances its transcriptional activity. In mice lacking Sirt1, the ability of HIF-2α to promote synthesis of the growth factor erythropoietin is diminished. Thus, the regulation of HIF-2α helps to coordinate responses of cells to various stresses. A deacetylase implicated in aging directly regulates a transcription factor that controls stress-responsive genes. To survive in hostile environments, organisms activate stress-responsive transcriptional regulators that coordinately increase production of protective factors. Hypoxia changes cellular metabolism and thus activates redox-sensitive as well as oxygen-dependent signal transducers. We demonstrate that Sirtuin 1 (Sirt1), a redox-sensing deacetylase, selectively stimulates activity of the transcription factor hypoxia-inducible factor 2 alpha (HIF-2α) during hypoxia. The effect of Sirt1 on HIF-2α required direct interaction of the proteins and intact deacetylase activity of Sirt1. Select lysine residues in HIF-2α that are acetylated during hypoxia confer repression of Sirt1 augmentation by small-molecule inhibitors. In cultured cells and mice, decreasing or increasing Sirt1 activity or levels affected expression of the HIF-2α target gene erythropoietin accordingly. Thus, Sirt1 promotes HIF-2 signaling during hypoxia and likely other environmental stresses.
Trois cas de figure sur la psychothérapie des personnes âgées

L’auteur fait etat de trois problematiques rencontrees dans sa pratique de psychotherapeute avec les personnes âgees. La premiere est reliee aux fins de vie : aux personnes âgees qui, en cours de therapie, developpent un cancer. La seconde problematique est associee a une deterioration de leur vie psychique. Il est question de la psychotherapie de la personne âgee atteinte de demence. Enfin, la troisieme est celle des personnes âgees soumises a des pertes cumulatives. Une breve reflexion theorique et une illustration clinique sont faites a partir de chacune des problematiques. L’auteur soutient la position d’investir le residuel psychique pour chacun des patients quelle que soit leur atteinte.
Methodological and theoretical considerations as a basis for an integration of research on memory functions in epileptic patients

Past and p resen t l i t e r a t u r e concerned with the r e l a t i o n s h i p between memory processes and e p i l e p t i c p a t i e n t s r evea l s t h a t a common frame of re ference i s c l e a r l y lack ing . Such important a r eas biochemistry, h i s to logy , neurophysiology, pharmacology, psychia t ry , and psychology r a t h e r than in tegrat i n g t h e i r var ious con t r ibu t ions , have in s t ead gone t h e i r s epa ra t e ways when it comes t o both theory bui ld ing and experimental work. This r a t h e r ev ident d i s p o s i t i o n among s c i e n t i s t s r ep resen ta t ive of t h e above d i sc ip l i n e s i s probably t h e s i n g l e most important f a c t o r respons ib le f o r t h e rel a t i v e l y sparse knowledge e x i s t i n g wi th regard t o memory func t ions i n epil e p t i c s and memory d i so rde r s a s soc ia t ed wi th d i f f e r e n t types of se izure .
Visual servo control law design using 2D vision approach, for a 3 DOF robotic system built with LEGO EV3 and a Raspberry Pi

This paper is framed in the area of mobile robotics and the use of new technologies. The developments were focused on the design and implementation of a visual servo control algorithm, with the control criterion of error evolution, taking the error as the differences between an image target and the image sensed by a camera mounted on a robotic platform. The robotic platform has three degrees of freedom (DOF) and was constructed by using the LEGO Mindstorms robotics kit. The robot movement control (mobile platform and camera) is performed using a single board computer (Raspberry Pi) mounted in the platform, this device computes the control law and process the images. Too, was developed an application for Android system that allows control the robot. It is also possible to watch the streaming video from the camera.
Control experiments in planar manipulation and grasping

Many algorithms have been proposed in the literature for control of multifingered robot hands. The authors compare the performance of several of these algorithms, as well as some extensions of more conventional manipulator control laws, in the case of planar grasping. Based on experiments performed on Styx, the most effective control laws are found to be the simple joint control law and the generalized computed torque law. The computed torque control law is shown to be an attractive alternative for position control of multifingered hands. <<ETX>>
Role of tyrosyl-DNA phosphodiesterase (TDP1) in mitochondria

Human tyrosyl-DNA phosphodiesterase (TDP1) hydrolyzes the phosphodiester bond at a DNA 3′-end linked to a tyrosyl moiety and has been implicated in the repair of topoisomerase I (Top1)-DNA covalent complexes. TDP1 can also hydrolyze other 3′-end DNA alterations including 3′-phosphoglycolate and 3′-abasic sites, and exhibits 3′-nucleosidase activity indicating it may function as a general 3′-end-processing DNA repair enzyme. Here, using laser confocal microscopy, subcellular fractionation and biochemical analyses we demonstrate that a fraction of the TDP1 encoded by the nuclear TDP1 gene localizes to mitochondria. We also show that mitochondrial base excision repair depends on TDP1 activity and provide evidence that TDP1 is required for efficient repair of oxidative damage in mitochondrial DNA. Together, our findings provide evidence for TDP1 as a novel mitochondrial enzyme.
A Comparative Study on Usage of Data Mining Techniques in Healthcare Sector

Recent advancement in the data mining technique has provided a platform to numerous applications in healthcare sector. It has become an active research area due to its large scale potential. In this survey, we have tried to present the application areas of data mining approaches specifically in the healthcare sector. The different approaches of the data mining and where they are used is also described in the paper. In this work, we have also tried to explain the different challenges faced by the data mining techniques in order to implement them. This survey also covers the pros and cons of the data mining techniques in healthcare. Data mining techniques have a tremendous future and it should be taken at its earliest because of the significant importance of the healthcare issues.
Pharmacological actions of the selective and non‐selective β‐adrenoceptor antagonists celiprolol, bisoprolol and propranolol on human bronchi

1 The pharmacological actions of the β‐adrenoceptor antagonists, celiprolol, bisoprolol and propranolol were investigated in human lung tissue by radioligand binding experiments as well as in human isolated bronchi by functional experiments in organ baths. 2 Data from lung tissue were compared to those obtained from myocardial membranes. 3 Lung tissue was obtained from 10 patients having undergone lung resection for bronchial carcinoma and myocardial tissue from a patient who had received a heart transplantation. 4 In radioligand binding experiments, celiprolol exhibited a high affinity binding to β1,‐adrenoceptors in heart and a low affinity binding to β2‐adrenoceptors in lung tissue. The selectivity obtained for the β1‐adrenoceptor was calculated to a factor of eleven. 5 Compared to bisoprolol and propranolol, celiprolol elicited the lowest affinity for the β‐adrenoceptor, as judged from the K1‐values. 6 In the absence and presence of the guanine nucleotide Gpp(NH)p celiprolol did not affect receptor binding. 7 In functional experiments on intact bronchi, celiprolol, bisoprolol and propranolol failed to produce relaxation (± forskolin) or a significant difference in efficacy in antagonizing the relaxant effects of isoprenaline. However, a rank order of potencies was revealed (propranolol: bisoprolol.celiprolol = 46: 12:1). 8 Plasma concentrations for celiprolol and bisoprolol usually achieved in vivo were below the IC50 value obtained in vitro. In contrast, for propranolol, plasma concentrations were nearly identical with the IC50 value. 9 It is concluded that celiprolol is a selective β1‐adrenoceptor antagonist on human heart and has no agonistic properties on intact human bronchi. Compounds such as celiprolol and bisoprolol may in comparison to propranolol, possess reasonable therapeutic advantages in the treatment of patients with obstructive lung disease due to their low affinity for β2‐adrenoceptors.
Calmodulin7 Plays an Important Role as Transcriptional Regulator in Arabidopsis Seedling Development[W]

Although calmodulin (CaM) is known to play multiple regulatory roles in eukaryotes, its direct function as transcriptional regulator is unknown. Furthermore, the physiological functions of CaM are largely unknown in plants. Here, we show that one of the four Arabidopsis thaliana CaM isoforms, CAM7, is a transcriptional regulator that directly interacts with the promoters of light-inducible genes and promotes photomorphogenesis. CAM7 overexpression causes hyperphotomorphogenic growth and an increase in the expression of light-inducible genes. Mutations in CAM7 produce no visible effects on photomorphogenic growth, indicating likely redundant gene functions. However, cam7 mutants display reduced expression of light-inducible genes, and cam7 hy5 double mutants show an enhancement of the hy5 phenotype. Moreover, overexpression of CAM7 can partly suppress the hy5 phenotype, indicating that the two factors work together to control light-induced seedling development. The mutational and transgenic studies, together with physiological analyses, illustrate the concerted function of CAM7 and HY5 basic leucine zipper transcription factor in Arabidopsis seedling development.
The carbohydrate-binding plant lectins and the non-peptidic antibiotic pradimicin A target the glycans of the coronavirus envelope glycoproteins

Abstract Objectives Many enveloped viruses carry carbohydrate-containing proteins on their surface. These glycoproteins are key to the infection process as they are mediators of the receptor binding and membrane fusion of the virion with the host cell. Therefore, they are attractive therapeutic targets for the development of novel antiviral therapies. Recently, carbohydrate-binding agents (CBA) were shown to possess antiviral activity towards coronaviruses. The current study further elucidates the inhibitory mode of action of CBA. Methods Different strains of two coronaviruses, mouse hepatitis virus and feline infectious peritonitis virus, were exposed to CBA: the plant lectins Galanthus nivalis agglutinin, Hippeastrum hybrid agglutinin and Urtica dioica agglutinin (UDA) and the non-peptidic mannose-binding antibiotic pradimicin A. Results and conclusions Our results indicate that CBA target the two glycosylated envelope glycoproteins, the spike (S) and membrane (M) protein, of mouse hepatitis virus and feline infectious peritonitis virus. Furthermore, CBA did not inhibit virus–cell attachment, but rather affected virus entry at a post-binding stage. The sensitivity of coronaviruses towards CBA was shown to be dependent on the processing of the N-linked carbohydrates. Inhibition of mannosidases in host cells rendered the progeny viruses more sensitive to the mannose-binding agents and even to the N-acetylglucosamine-binding UDA. In addition, inhibition of coronaviruses was shown to be dependent on the cell-type used to grow the virus stocks. All together, these results show that CBA exhibit promising capabilities to inhibit coronavirus infections.
Exercise and training effects on platelets in health and disease

In recent years the involvement of platelets dysfunction in atherogenesis and in the clinical complications from atherosclerosis has become more recognised. Systemic platelet-related thrombogenic factors have been shown to be involved in the initiation and progression of atherogenesis and plaque growth. Over the last two decades, interest has been heightened regarding the changes in platelet aggregation and functions that are associated with exercise in normal subjects and also patients, particularly those suffering from coronary artery disease. Although exercise effects on platelet aggregation and function in healthy individuals have been examined, the results reported have been conflicting, most likely due to methodological problems in the measurements of platelet aggregation and activation during and after exercise. However for patients suffering from coronary heart disease, the balance of evidence available would strongly suggest that platelet aggregation and function are increased with exercise. Several drugs are known to affect platelets, the most studied among them is aspirin. The evidence available would suggest that aspirin is ineffective in attenuating enhanced platelet aggregation and activation induced by exercise. Although the effects of physical training have been briefly investigated, available meagre evidence suggests that exercise on a regular basis is associated with favourable effects on platelets aggregation and activation in both men and women.
Perfil del paciente traumático grave ingresado en una UCI: análisis de riesgos: estudio epidemiológico en una Unidad de Neuropolitraumatología

La inexistencia de una base de datos traumatica nacional hurta el conocimiento de la dimension del problema en nuestro pais. Solo la informacion de los accidentes de trafico nos advierte de la dimension del mismo, pero su descripcion se centra en el «accidente», no en los accidentados, ni en sus lesiones. Intentando responder a: ? que caracteristicas tiene el paciente traumatico ingresado en una UCI? que factores pueden actuar como riesgo o proteccion frente a la mortalidad? , se diseno el presente estudio. El objetivo principal de esta tesis es definir el perfil del paciente traumatico grave en una unidad de Medicina Intensiva. En segundo lugar, determinar los factores de riesgo con la mortalidad. Y en tercer lugar, describir las lesiones, antecedentes, complicaciones y evolucion durante los 12 anos del estudio.
Signed Quasi-Clique Merger: A New Clustering Method for Signed Networks with Positive and Negative Edges

Signed networks with both positive and negative links have gained considerable attention over the past several years. Community detection is among the main challenges for signed network analysis. It aims to find mutually antagonistic groups such that entities within the same group have as many positive relationships as possible and entities between different groups have as many negative relationships as possible. Most existing algorithms for community detection in signed networks aim to provide a hard partition of the network where any node should belong to a single community. However, overlapping communities, where a node is allowed to belong to multiple communities, widely exist in many real-world networks. Another disadvantage of some existing algorithms is that the number of final clusters k should be an input of the clustering process. It may however be the case that we do not know k in advance. In this paper, to offer improvements to existing algorithms, we propose a new clustering method for signed networks, the Signed Quasi-clique Merger (SQCM) algorithm. This algorithm detects the meaningful clusters (i.e. subgraphs with high friendly density) from the networks directly, where the friendly density of a subgraph C=(V(C),E(C)) is defined as d(C)=2∑e∈E(C)w(e)|V(C)|(|V(C)|−1). We construct a hierarchically nested system to illustrate their inclusion relationships. The output of SQCM is a smaller hierarchical tree, which clearly highlights meaningful clusters. During the clustering process, we do not need to know the number of final clusters k in advance; the algorithm is able to detect it on its own. Another important feature of SQCM is overlapping clustering or multi-membership. Its effectiveness is demonstrated through rigorous experiments involving both benchmark and randomly generated signed networks.
Towards Trustworthy Testbeds Thanks to Throughout Testing

When using testbeds in the context of experimental computer science, theability to produce trustworthy and reproducible experiments results dependsgreatly on the trustworthiness of the infrastructure itself. Unfortunately, several factors many issues such as software misconfiguration, hardwareheterogeneity, or service failures, can remain undetected and affect thequality of experimental results. This paper presents the design andimplementation of an automated testbed testing framework. This framework wasdeployed in the context of the Grid'5000 project, and uncovered more than onehundred of issues.
The importance of ward atmosphere in inpatient treatment of schizophrenia on short-term units.

OBJECTIVE The reorganization in 1981 of a general hospital psychiatric ward in Oslo, Norway, to achieve a more suitable treatment milieu for patients with schizophrenia resulted in a change in patients' perceptions of the ward atmosphere. Reduced group participation and increased individualized support from staff led patients to perceive of the ward as having a low level of anger and aggression and a high level of order and organization. This study examined whether the reorganization was associated with improved treatment outcome. METHODS Psychiatrists retrospectively examined the charts of all patients with a DSM-III-R diagnosis of schizophrenia or schizophreniform disorder who were admitted to the ward the year before and the second year after the reorganization. Multiple regression analyses were used to examine treatment outcomes for both groups. Outcome was measured indirectly by length of stay, level of functioning at discharge, and whether the patient was rehospitalized during the following seven years. RESULTS Patients treated after the reorganization had significantly shorter stays with no reductions in either level of functioning at discharge or length of community tenure after discharge. Differences in demographic characteristics, illness history, or psychopharmacological treatment could not account for differences in outcome. CONCLUSIONS The results supported the hypothesis that the organization and milieu of brief-stay wards influence the short-term outcome of inpatient treatment of patients with schizophrenia.