Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Speed of moving in judo practitioners and handball players depending on a route of running

Combat sports, especially judo, are among acyclic sports which are characterised by changeable intensity of effort and frequent changes of fight conditions [1]. At the same time, movements of judo practitioners have to be very accurate and fast, otherwise, the techniques applied during the fight are ineffective. For these reasons, this sport is classified as being on the highest, i.e. the third level of coordinative complexity [2]. Nevertheless, researchers rarely tackle the issue of motor coordination and a speed effort in this sport. Movement coordination depends on physical processes based primarily on the nervous system properties. In the accessible literature there are definitions of 5 [3] up to 11 [4] basic (elementary) coordinative skills. A high level of coordinative skills conditions the efficiency of learning new technical elements as well as the way of conducting sports competition, particularly in sports dominated by open motor structures [5, 6]. The richness of techniques in a given sport influences di rectly the importance of motor coordination in this sport. In the technically complex sports (such as jujutsu or wrestling) it is the most important component [3]. In scientific debate while comparing physique parameters with chosen motor skills in judo, researchers seek an optimal solution in response to the question of which features especially predispose players to achieve the highest possible results [7,8]. Game effort in handball is based on natural movements such as running, jumping or throwing. A large area of the game (40mx20m court), constant physical contact and the speed of actions necessitate perfect preparation of the players not only with regard to techniques and tactics, but also concerning their motor skills. Due to an unlimited number of changes, the
The Contribution of the Deportalized Lobe to Liver Regeneration in Tourniquet-ALPPS.

T he Associating Liver Partition and Portal vein ligation for Staged hepatectomy (ALPPS) technique results in impressively fast growth of the future liver remnant (FLR). However, the first series published on this technique reported high morbidity and mortality. By contrast, recent articles using variations of this technique have reported significant improvements, including better patient selection, better preoperative, and inter-stage risk scores and less aggressive variants. Tourniquet-ALPPS (T-ALPPS) was the first variant performed that was able to avoid liver partitioning by occluding intrahepatic circulation with a tourniquet. The regenerative mechanisms during ALPPS have been well studied and indicate that there is a hyperflow and growth of the FLR, with a compensatory flow increase in the hepatic artery towards the deportalized lobe (DL). This process may play a role in maintaining liver function until liver resection. In addition, FLR growth has also been related to the humoral response after liver transection. However, the mechanisms that are relevant for liver regeneration in the DL in humans have still not been studied. The purpose of this article was to analyze the molecular events that occur in the atrophied DL and their possible relationship with FLR regeneration in patients who were operated on using T-ALPPS.
Novel method of wine production from banana ( Musa acuminata ) and pineapple ( Ananas comosus ) wastes

Wine production from banana and pineapple wastes ( Musa acuminata and Ananas comosus ) was carried out by controlled fermentation for 5 days. Fermentation of these wastes was done in groups: Group 1 and 3 (test and control group for banana wastes) and group 2 and 4 (test and control group for pineapple wastes). Pumpkin leaves ( Telfaria occidentalis ) macerate was added to group 1 and 2 to obtain substrate : leaves : water ratio of 1.5:0.02:3.0 (kg w/v). The mixture was boiled after 18 h at 100°C for 30 min and the filtrates obtained (1.8 ± 0.2 L) was inoculated with 1.0 ml of x 10 9 cfu/ml of Saccharomyces cerevisiae var. ellipsoides and left at room temperature (28 ± 1.0°C) for 5 days. During the fermentation period, the pH, specific gravity, temperature, percentage of alcohol content and acidity value were monitored. The microbial population in banana waste, pineapple waste and pumpkin leaves was also determined. Wine produced from substrates treated with pumpkin leaves had higher alcoholic content (0.57%) than the untreated controls (0.035 - 0.21%). The bacterial isolates from pumpkin leaves were Erwinia sp. , Serratia sp. , Micrococcus sp. , Bacillus sp. and Staphylococcus epidermidis , while the fungal isolates were Rhizopus sp. and yeast. Key words: Fermentation, banana, pineapple, wine.
TGF-β in Hepatic Stellate Cell Activation and Liver Fibrogenesis—Updated 2019

Liver fibrosis is an advanced liver disease condition, which could progress to cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. To date, there is no direct approved antifibrotic therapy, and current treatment is mainly the removal of the causative factor. Transforming growth factor (TGF)-β is a master profibrogenic cytokine and a promising target to treat fibrosis. However, TGF-β has broad biological functions and its inhibition induces non-desirable side effects, which override therapeutic benefits. Therefore, understanding the pleiotropic effects of TGF-β and its upstream and downstream regulatory mechanisms will help to design better TGF-β based therapeutics. Here, we summarize recent discoveries and milestones on the TGF-β signaling pathway related to liver fibrosis and hepatic stellate cell (HSC) activation, emphasizing research of the last five years. This comprises impact of TGF-β on liver fibrogenesis related biological processes, such as senescence, metabolism, reactive oxygen species generation, epigenetics, circadian rhythm, epithelial mesenchymal transition, and endothelial-mesenchymal transition. We also describe the influence of the microenvironment on the response of HSC to TGF-β. Finally, we discuss new approaches to target the TGF-β pathway, name current clinical trials, and explain promises and drawbacks that deserve to be adequately addressed.
NMR Characterization of Surface Receptor Protein Interactions in Live Cells Using Methylcellulose Hydrogels

Abstract Interactions of transmembrane receptors with their extracellular ligands are essential for cellular communication and signaling and are therefore a major focus in drug discovery programs. The transition from in vitro to live cell interaction studies, however, is typically a bottleneck in many drug discovery projects due to the challenge of obtaining atomic‐resolution information under near‐physiological conditions. Although NMR spectroscopy is ideally suited to overcome this limitation, several experimental impairments are still present. Herein, we propose the use of methylcellulose hydrogels to study extracellular proteins and their interactions with plasma membrane receptors. This approach reduces cell sedimentation, prevents the internalization of membrane receptors, and increases cell survival, while retaining the free tumbling of extracellular proteins.
Evaluation of Heart Failure Apps to Promote Self-Care: Systematic App Search

Background Heart failure (HF) is a chronic disease that affects over 1% of Canadians and at least 26 million people worldwide. With the continued rise in disease prevalence and an aging population, HF-related costs are expected to create a significant economic burden. Many mobile health (mHealth) apps have been developed to help support patients’ self-care in the home setting, but it is unclear if they are suited to the needs or capabilities of older adults. Objective This study aimed to identify HF apps and evaluate whether they met the criteria for optimal HF self-care. Methods We conducted a systematic search of all apps available exclusively for HF self-care across Google Play and the App Store. We then evaluated the apps according to a list of 25 major functions pivotal to promoting HF self-care for older adults. Results A total of 74 apps for HF self-care were identified, but only 21 apps were listed as being both HF and self-care specific. None of the apps had all 25 of the listed features for an adequate HF self-care app, and only 41% (31/74) apps had the key weight management feature present. HF Storylines received the highest functionality score (18/25, 72%). Conclusions Our findings suggest that currently available apps are not adequate for use by older adults with HF. This highlights the need for mHealth apps to refine their development process so that user needs and capabilities are identified during the design stage to ensure the usability of the app.
Dietary Inositol Reduces Fearfulness and Avoidance in Laying Hens

Simple Summary Brain inositol is known to affect memory, and the incidence of depression, anxiety, and obsessive-compulsive disorder in mammals. Phytate, a naturally occurring inositol ester in plants, binds other nutrients, making them unavailable for digestion. The addition of phytase, the enzyme capable of hydrolyzing phytate, to diets increases the release of both inositol and nutrients for absorption in the chicken digestive tract. In this study, we assessed how dietary phytase or pure inositol affected laying hen behaviour, fearfulness, aggression, and stress levels. To increase the probability of seeing effects, hens were not beak treated and were fed two balanced protein levels differing in digestible amino acid sufficiency. Inositol did not affect stress levels, as measured by heterophil-to-lymphocyte ratio, or the number of hen comb or skin lesions. However, regardless of the source, pure inositol or phytase derived inositol reduced the number of feathers in the vent area, suggesting an increase in feather pecking. Pure inositol reduced fearfulness in laying hens, but phytase-derived inositol did not. Abstract Myo-inositol (inositol) affects memory, and the incidence of depression and anxiety in mammals. An experiment was designed to determine if pure inositol (0.16%), or high levels of phytase (3000 FTU/kg) affect the behaviour of fully beaked Lohmann LSL lite hens fed amino acid sufficient (19% crude protein (CP)) and deficient diets (16% CP), from 19 to 59 weeks of age. The data collected included live-scan behaviour observations and novel object (NO) tests (both at 1, 10 and 40 weeks of the trial); heterophil-to-lymphocyte (H/L) ratios (week 1 and week 40 of the trial); end of trial feather cover, and comb and skin lesions; and daily mortality. Reducing CP increased sitting by 2.5%. Inositol, but not phytase, reduced the latency to peck at the NO by 300 sec. Inositol reduced vent feather cover by 12% and tended to increase mortality by 13%. No effects on H/L ratio, and comb or skin lesions were found. In conclusion, regardless of the source, inositol reduced vent feather cover, while it tended to increase mortality. Only pure inositol reduced fearfulness in laying hens.
Alternative Approach for the Solution of the Black-Scholes Partial Differential Equation for European Call Option

In this paper we present an alternative approach for the solution of the Black-Scholes partial differential equation for European call option which pays dividend yield using the modified Mellin transform method. The approach used in this paper does not require variables transformation. We also extend the modified Mellin transform method for the valuation of European call option which pays dividend yield. The numerical results show that the modified Mellin transform is accurate, mutually consistent and agrees with the values of the Black-Scholes model.
Influence of Implementation of Composite Materials in Civil Aircraft Industry on reduction of Environmental Pollution and Greenhouse Effect

Computer-based Life Cycle Analysis (LCA) models were carried out to compare lightweight composites with the traditional aluminium over their useful lifetime. The analysis included raw materials, production, useful life in operation and disposal at the end of the material's useful life. The carbon fibre epoxy resin composite could in some cases reduce the weight of a component by up to 40 % compared to aluminium. As the fuel consumption of an aircraft is strongly influenced by its total weight, the emissions can be significantly reduced by increasing the proportion of composites used in the aircraft structure. Higher emissions, compared to aluminium, produced during composites production meet their 'break even' point after certain number of time units when used in aircraft structures, and continue to save emissions over their long-term operation. The study highlighted the environmental benefits of using lightweight structures in aircraft design, and also showed that utilisation of composites in products without energy saving may lead to increased emissions in the environment.
Cosmology with high-redshift galaxy survey: Neutrino mass and inflation

High-$z$ galaxy redshift surveys open up exciting possibilities for precision determinations of neutrino masses and inflationary models. The high-$z$ surveys are more useful for cosmology than low-$z$ ones owing to much weaker nonlinearities in matter clustering, redshift-space distortion, and galaxy bias, which allows us to use the galaxy power spectrum down to the smaller spatial scales that are inaccessible by low-$z$ surveys. We can then utilize the two-dimensional information of the linear power spectrum in angular and redshift space to measure the scale-dependent suppression of matter clustering due to neutrino free-streaming as well as the shape of the primordial power spectrum. To illustrate capabilities of high-$z$ surveys for constraining neutrino masses and the primordial power spectrum, we compare three future redshift surveys covering 300 square degrees at $0.5lzl2$, $2lzl4$, and $3.5lzl6. 5$. We find that, combined with the cosmic microwave background data expected from the Planck satellite, these surveys allow precision determination of the total neutrino mass with the projected errors of $\ensuremath{\sigma}({m}_{\ensuremath{\nu},\mathrm{tot}})=0.059$, 0.043, and 0.025 eV, respectively, thus yielding a positive detection of the neutrino mass rather than an upper limit, as $\ensuremath{\sigma}({m}_{\ensuremath{\nu},\mathrm{tot}})$ is smaller than the lower limits to the neutrino masses implied from the neutrino oscillation experiments, by up to a factor of 4 for the highest redshift survey. The accuracies of constraining the tilt and running index of the primordial power spectrum, $\ensuremath{\sigma}({n}_{s})=(3.8,3.7,3.0)\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}{10}^{\ensuremath{-}3}$ and $\ensuremath{\sigma}({\ensuremath{\alpha}}_{s})=(5.9,5.7,2.4)\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}{10}^{\ensuremath{-}3}$ at ${k}_{0}=0.05\text{ }\text{ }{\mathrm{Mpc}}^{\ensuremath{-}1}$, respectively, are smaller than the current uncertainties by more than an order of magnitude, which will allow us to discriminate between candidate inflationary models. In particular, the error on ${\ensuremath{\alpha}}_{s}$ from the future highest redshift survey is not very far away from the prediction of a class of simple inflationary models driven by a massive scalar field with self-coupling, ${\ensuremath{\alpha}}_{s}=\ensuremath{-}(0.8\char21{}1.2)\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}{10}^{\ensuremath{-}3}$.
Bioengineering strategies of the uterus towards improving current investigative models and female reproductive health

Ever since the inception of artificial reproductive technologies (ART), new advances have been developed in the lab and translated to the clinic to improve the reproductive outcome of patients. Tissue engineering (TE) adopts ideas and concepts from biology, bioengineering and material science amongst others, resulting in a promising and burgeoning multidisciplinary field of investigation within regenerative medicine. The main objective of the work presented in this thesis was to use TE based approaches to create different types of natural biomaterials obtained from decellularized porcine or rabbit uteri. We investigated if these different bioscaffolds could improve current investigative in vitro models while also showing potential to be used as therapeutic solutions. Decellularized whole organs are acellular vascularized scaffolds that could be used to create tissue-engineered, transplantable organs. However, they can also be processed further into thin sections, ECM hydrogels and coatings, and were used as biocompatible tissue-specific substrates for cell and embryo culture. Two animal models were used, the pig model demonstrated that our perfusion-based protocol (with or without a freeze/thaw step) successfully decellularizes large uteri, yielding a biocompatible material. Secondly, we adapted this protocol for the rabbit uterus and converted the acellular endometrium into tissue-specific ECM hydrogels and coatings. After characterization of these substrates their effect on in vitro embryo development was also examined. While DC organs could one day be used to resolve the main issues plaguing transplantations, endometrial ECM sections, hydrogels and coatings have shown the potential to become a platform used in the culture of stem/progenitor cells and primary culture cells to better maintain their tissue-specific phenotype, improving in vitro models. Furthermore, ECM hydrogels could possibly be used in the future in vivo, as part of a treatment of Asherman’s syndrome and endometrial atrophy.
Carcass and meat characteristics of male chickens between Thai indigenous compared with improved layer breeds and their crossbred

study of carcass and meat quality of four male genotypes namely: Thai native (TH), crossbred (Thai native x Barred Plymouth Rock; THB), Barred Plymouth Rock (BPR) and Shanghai (SH) chickens was conducted. Three hundred and twenty birds receiving from four equal groups were allotted in Completely Randomized Design (CRD). They were fed from one day and slaughtered at 16 weeks of age. Breast (M. pectoralis major) and thigh (M. biceps femoris) muscles were investigated for meat quality. TH had lower slaughtered weight (P<0.001) but higher lean : bone as well as less bone percentage (P<0.05) than all groups. Thigh muscle fiber of TH had higher type I and lower type IIB whereas there were similar in breast muscle fiber. Meat quality in terms of IMF, cholesterol and triglyceride contents as well as n-3 fatty acid and the ratio of n-6/n-3 of Thai indigenous male strain was more favorable compared to those all genotypes. Breast and thigh muscle were higher in shear force value and collagen content but the sensory evaluation was not significantly different. Since they were similar in sensory evaluation, the male layer and the male crossbred chickens have the potential to substitute TH in a market serving consumers who prefer chewy chicken meat.
Strong Evidence against a Non-degenerate Companion in SN 2012cg

Even though SN 2012cg is one of the best-studied Type Ia supernovae to date, the nature of its progenitor system has been debated in numerous studies. Specifically, it is difficult to reconcile recent claims of the detection of a ∼6 MS companion with recent deep, late-time flux limits. In this study we add three new constraints. (1) We analyze a new high-signal-to-noise, nebular-phase, Large Binocular Telescope/MODS spectrum of SN 2012cg and place an upper limit on the amount of low-velocity, solar-abundance material removed from a possible companion of . (2) We use Swift X-ray observations to constrain the pre-explosion mass-loss rate to be for . (3) We carefully reanalyze a prediscovery MASTER image, and with published light curves of SN 2012cg we estimate the time of first light and conservatively constrain the radius of a Roche-lobe overflowing companion to be . These observations disagree with a large nearby companion, and when considered with other studies of SN 2012cg’s progenitor system, essentially rule out a non-degenerate companion.
Power Laws in Solar Flares: Self-Organized Criticality or Turbulence?

The statistics of quiescent times ${\ensuremath{\tau}}_{L}$ between successive bursts of solar flares activity, performed using 20 years of data, displays a power law distribution with exponent $\ensuremath{\alpha}\ensuremath{\simeq}2.4$. This is an indication of an underlying complex dynamics with long correlation times. The observed scaling behavior is in contradiction with the self-organized criticality models of solar flares which predict Poisson-like statistics. Chaotic models, including the destabilization of the laminar phases and subsequent restabilization due to nonlinear dynamics, are able to reproduce the power law for the quiescent times. A shell model of MHD turbulence correctly reproduces all the observed distributions.
The effect of curvature and topology on membrane hydrodynamics

We study the mobilities of point-like and extended objects (rods) on a spherical membrane to show how these quantities are modified in a striking manner by the curvature and topology of the membrane. We also present theoretical calculations and experimental measurements of the membrane fluid velocity field around a moving rod bound to the crowded interface of a water-in-oil droplet. By using different droplet sizes, membrane viscosities, and rod lengths, we show that the viscosity mismatch between the interior and exterior fluids leads to a suppression of the fluid flow on small droplets that cannot be captured by the flat-membrane predictions.
Strengthened Indonesian Through fl ow Drives Decadal Warming in the Southern Indian Ocean

Remarkable warming of the Southern Indian Ocean during the recent two decades is assessed using a heat budget analysis based on the Estimating the Circulation and Climate of the Ocean version 4 release 3 model results. The annual mean temperature averaged in the upper-700 m Southern Indian Ocean during 1998–2015 has experienced significant warming at a rate of 1.03 × 10 2 °C/year. A heat budget analysis indicates that the increase is mostly driven by decreased cooling from net air-sea heat flux and increased warming from heat advection. Increased Indonesian Throughflow advection is the largest contributor to warming the upper 700 m of the Southern Indian Ocean, while the reduction of surface turbulent heat flux is of secondary importance. These results expand our understanding of the decadal heat balance in the Indian Ocean and of Indo-Pacific decadal climate variability. Plain Language Summary This study identified the important role of the strengthened Indonesian Throughflow volume and heat transports during the global surface warming hiatus period in warming up the Southern Indian Ocean in the past two decades. Roles of other processes, such as air-sea heat fluxes, cross-equatorial cells, and the Agulhas Current, have also been quantified using themodel. It appears that the heat transport anomaly is the dominant factor that drives the Southern Indian Ocean warming. Quantifying the decadal ocean heat balance is important to understand the redistribution of the anthropogenic heat uptake in the oceans. The results are useful in assessing coupled model performance in simulating climate change impacts on the global oceans. The study may have broad implications in the climate change research field, as well as the study of broad-scale oceanography, ocean circulation, and the Indonesian Throughflow.