Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
CHRONIC PAIN. PATHOPHYSIOLOGY – NEW THERAPEUTIC TARGETS

The ability to rapidly acquire and store memory of aversive events is one of the basic principles of central nervous systems throughout the animal kingdom. Chronic pain syndromes are characterized by altered neuronal excitability in the pain matrix (memory of pain). These neuroplastic changes take place in e.g. the spinal cord, thalamic nuclei and cortical and subcortical (limbic) areas integrating pain threshold, intensity and affective components. Neurons conveying nociceptive information are controlled by various sets of inhibitory interneurons. The discharge activity of these interneurons Zusammenfassung Die Fähigkeit von Nervenzellen, nach wiederholter Aktivierung effektiver auf den gleichen Reiz zu reagieren, wird heute ganz allgemein als wesentlicher Faktor für Gedächtnisbildung angesehen. Chronische Schmerzzustände gehen mit einer veränderten neuronalen Erregbarkeit in der Schmerzmatrix einher. Die Schmerzwahrnehmung ist ein dynamischer Prozess, in den die Auswirkungen früherer Erfahrungen einfließen („Schmerzgedächtnis”). Eine anhaltende Aktivierung von Nozizeptoren oder die Verletzung des peripheren oder zentralen Nervensystems löst nicht nur neuroplastische Veränderungen im Rückenmark, Thalamus und Neocortex aus, sondern verändert insbesondere auch die Aktivität limbischer Strukturen wie der Amygdala, des Hippocampus, große Anteile des Frontalcortex und des cingulären Cortex. Die Aktivierung dieser Strukturen führt zu einer pathologisch übersteigerten angstgeprägten Erwartungshaltung gegenüber einem wiederkehrenden akuten Schmerzerleben. Die Entladungstätigkeit der Projektionsneurone in schmerzverarbeitenden neuronalen Strukturen wird durch Interneurone kontrolliert, die unter nor-
STUDYING THE EFFECT OF COMPETITION BETWEEN INVESTORS AND THE IMPACT OF INFORMATION ASYMMETRY ON STOCK RETURNS *

The main objective of this study is to examine the effects of information asymmetry between investors competition on stock returns of the Tehran Stock Exchange firms. The population of this study includes the firms listed in Tehran Stock Exchange. Systematic elimination method was used to sampling that from 2006 to 2011 a total of 79 companies were selected of the companies listed in Tehran Stock Exchange. In this research, for the analysis of data and mining results, the software Eviews6 and Excel have been used. The research hypothesis was tested in the combined data level. Results and statistical analysis showed that on the one hand, there is negative information asymmetry on stock returns on the other hand competition between investors on the stock return is negative and information asymmetry and competition between investors has negative impact on stock returns.
. 7 10 . 7 1 . 27 Gb / s / pin 3 mW / pin Wireless Superconnect ( WSC ) Interface Scheme

High-speed and high-density I/O’s are becoming more and more important to fill an increasing gap between the communication bandwidth inside a VLSI and the bandwidth among chips. The ITRS roadmap predicts that VLSI pin count will exceed 7000 in the future. Thus low-power is also essential for future I/O’s. Currently available I/O schemes still have issues to overcome to be a realistic solution for the future. High-speed serial links are fast but analog circuits to drive large off-chip load consume 100mW and occupy about 0.05mm. Micro bump technology [1] offers high-density I/O’s, but the existence of the physical contacts requires a highly capacitive ESD structure that increases delay, power and area and hinders the scaling of the pads further.
Machine Learning for Real Estate Contracts – Automatic Categorization of Text

This paper explains the generic strategy for automatic text classification and analyses existing solutions to major issues such as dealing with unstructured text, handling large number of features and selecting a machine learning technique appropriate to the text-classification application. This paper entitled as “machine learning for real estate contracts-Automatic text categorization“ is used to categorize the lease documents automatically as per the real estate terminologies using the concept of Natural language Processing(NLP). NLP is a field of computer science, Artificial Intelligence and computational linguistic concerned with the interactions computers and human. NLP has various concepts and this project uses the concept of “Text classification”. The Automatic categorization of text tool will consume an API which performs the text classification or categorization.
Loughborough University Institutional Repository Association between birth weight and objectively measured sedentary time is mediated by central adiposity : data in 10 , 793 youth from the International Children ' s Accelerometry Database

Background: Birth weight is an early correlate of disease later in life, and animal studies suggest that low birth weight is associated with reduced activity and increased sedentary time. Whether birth weight predicts later sedentary time in humans is uncertain. Objectives: We examined the relation between birth weight and sedentary time in youth and examined whether this association was mediated by central adiposity. Design: We used pooled cross-sectional data from 8 observational studies conducted between 1997 and 2007 that consisted of 10,793 youth (boys: 47%) aged 6–18 y from the International Children’s Accelerometry Database. Birth weight was measured in hospitals or maternally reported, sedentary time was assessed by using accelerometry (,100 counts/min), and abdominal adiposity (waist circumference) was measured according to WHO procedures. A mediation analysis with bootstrapping was used to analyze data. Results: The mean (6SD) time spent sedentary was 370 6 91 min/d. Birth weight was positively associated with sedentary time (B = 4.04, P = 0.006) and waist circumference (B = 1.59, P , 0.001), whereas waist circumference was positively associated with sedentary time (B = 0.82, P , 0.001). Results of the mediation analysis showed a significant indirect effect of birth weight on sedentary time through waist circumference (B: 1.30; 95% bias-corrected CI: 0.94, 1.72), and when waist circumference was controlled for, the effect of birth weight on sedentary time was attenuated by 32% (B = 2.74, P = 0.06). Conclusion: The association between birth weight and sedentary time appears partially mediated by central adiposity, suggesting that both birth weight and abdominal adiposity may be correlates of sedentary time in youth. Am J Clin Nutr 2015;101:983–90.
Automatic detection of fluorescent spots in microscopy images

A GUI(Graphical User Interface)-based spot detection software was designed and implemented in Matlab, having both manual and automated capabilities. It supports 7 spot detection methods, image cropping, colony segmentation, deletion/addition of spots and more. The spot detection methods have been evaluated using FROC(Free-response Reciever Operating Characteristics) methodology and the software has been used in studying real world problems. Some of these problems are the investigation of the expression pattern of LacI molecules and the creation of cell lineage trees.
Study on Reduction of Non-point Sources in Stormwater Reservoirs

Figure 1. Typical example of storm-water reservoirs in Japan, taken at reservoir 1. Abstract Although non-point sources significantly affect water quality in lakes, no definitive solutions have been developed for reducing non-point source pollution. As a measure for reducing non-point sources, we investigated a storm-water reservoir, which was originally constructed for flood control in urban areas by temporarily catching storm water to delay flood runoff. It is believed that a storm-water reservoir may trap particulate matter of non-point sources transported with storm water. To clarify the trap effect of the particulate matter, we conducted field measurements on the quality and dry weight of bottom sediments in reservoirs located within the watershed of Lake Inba-numa, a well-known eutrophic lake in Japan. The measured results reveal that the dry weight of the bottom sediment in the reservoirs increases with the bottom area of the reservoirs mainly because of the increase in retention time of storm water. The deposition rates of suspended solids (SS), total nitrogen (TN) and total phosphorus (TP) of bottom sediment in the reservoirs are comparable to unit effluent loads on SS, TN and TP measured in urban districts of the watershed. The reduction effects of TN and TP loads in all the reservoirs in the watershed of Lake Inba-numa are 1.0% and 8.4% of the non-point sources generated in the overall watershed, respectively. These facts indicate that the storm-water reservoirs function as traps for particulate matter from non-point sources.
SOLAR TO AC POWER SOURCE FOR REMOTE AREAS USING SEIG

Photovoltaic generators (PVG) are increasingly used to provide electricity in remote areas. However, in many applications the DC generated electricity by a PVG need to be converted to AC. Traditionally DC to AC inverters have been widely used for this purpose. In this paper, a different system is proposed in which a self excited induction generator (SEIG) driven by a permanent magnet DC motor (DCM) and powered from a PVG through a maximum power point tracker (MPPT) are used. A step-up chopper is utilized as an MPPT unit. The proposed system is modelled in time domain, and a detailed transient and steady-state analysis are presented. The main reason behind analyzing the system in the time domain is because of the fact that for unknown speeds, the methods developed for steady-state analysis of SEIGs can not be applied. The presented work shows that the full available power of the PVG can be harnessed by selecting suitable values for the duty cycle and the frequency of the step up chopper and the excitation capacitor of the SEIG. It is also shown that with such a combination power utilization efficiency of more than 83% can be achieved.
from MSI-Rapporter från MSI Optimisation of a Graph Visualization Tool : Vizz 3 D

Vizz3D is a graph visualization tool developed at Växjö University. It is used to visualize different aspects of software systems in 3D, based on the static analysis of source code. It can optionally use Java3D or OpenGL as a graphics library. In order to visualize huge 3D structures performance is very important. This comes from the fact that the structures must be redrawn with no delay when a user interacts with the system. If there were a delay the user would loose the cognitive orientation because his interaction and the feedback would not fit. Vizz3D was not capable to run huge visualizations fast enough, and therefore careful optimisation was essential. Additionally, the Vizz3D tool is just at the beginning of its software life cycle. For optimisation, JOGL (Java Bindings for OpenGL) was chosen. The extension with a JOGL version was necessary since the GL4Java (OpenGL for Java) wrapper used for the implementation of Vizz3D is no longer supported. JOGL was therefore needed for assuring future maintainability. The JOGL version of Vizz3D was optimised to be able to visualize huge graphs with acceptable performance. To determine what areas of Vizz3D that consumed most of its resources, the process of profiling were used. The system performance was improved according to several aspects: Computational performance, Scalability, Perceived performance, RAM footprint and Start-up time. The results were then evaluated by using benchmarking techniques. After optimisation, the performance of Vizz3D was improved a lot which led to that huge graphs now could be visualized with acceptable performance.
IMPACT OF PARAMETERS OF CORNEAL PULSE SIGNAL ON ACCURACY OF DETECTION OF A DICROTIC PULSE

The presence of the ocular dicrotic pulse is associated with aging and the glaucoma incidence. Previous procedures for detecting ocular dicrotism required synchronous measurement of ECG and blood pulse signals. However, recent studies have offered an opportunity to detect ocular dicrotism from the corneal pulse signal alone. The accuracy of the detection procedure mainly depends on the input signal length and its sampling frequency. The acquisition of the corneal pulse signal is performed in suppress blinking conditions. Hence, it is often difficult to acquire a sufficiently long signal for the analysis. Numerical experiments were conducted to determine the minimum requirements of the input signal in order to obtain adequate classification rate. The results indicate the possibility of obtaining sufficient classification rates for signals shorter than 10 seconds provided an adequate sampling is maintained.
Chapter 2 Synthetic Biology : Diverse Layers of Live

© Springer International Publishing Switzerland 2016 M. Engelhard (ed.), Synthetic Biology Analysed, Ethics of Science and Technology Assessment 44, DOI 10.1007/978-3-319-25145-5_2 Abstract Prerequisite for any evaluation of synthetic biology is the precise description of its scientific rationale and its biological objects. Here, we develop a layer model that helps to categorize subfields of synthetic biology along their operative procedures and based on the biological status of the organisms generated by synthetic biology. The layer model classifies synthetic and semisynthetic organisms and cells according to their genetic connectivity and to their potential interaction with natural organisms derived by evolution. We use the model to characterize three distinct approaches within synthetic biology: engineering biology, xenobiology and protocell research. While the latter approach generates organisms that hardly could be termed living, xenobiology aims at orthogonal living systems that are disconnected from nature. Synthetic engineering biology could be considered as extreme form of gene technology since all resulting organisms share the universal genetic code with the natural living beings and are based on the same molecular and biochemical principles. Such biological description can be used to determine both the degree of familiarity and the level of uncertainty associated with synthetic organisms and may thus facilitate to judge potential risks of synthetic biology.
Domestic Dogs As Main Reservoir Host For Visceral Leishmaniasis In Boyer-Ahmad District , South Of Iran

Visceral Leishmaniasis (VL) is an endemic disease in some parts of Iran. Leishmania infantum is the main agent of disease in endemic areas. The aim of the present study was finding the main reservoir host of visceral leishmaniasis in Boyer-Ahmad district, south of Iran. In five VL endemic villages of Boyer-Ahmad district in 2010, fifteen infected dogs with symptoms of canine visceral leishmaniasis were found. At the first, all cases were tested by DAT for evaluation of anti leishmanial antibodies and then after necropsy, parasitological study was conducted by use of impression smear of liver and spleen. Nested PCR was use to determination of the parasite in the liver and spleen tissues. From fifteen cases, fourteen dogs had antibody titer above of 1:320 while one of the cases was seronegative. Leishmania amastigotes was seen in 13 smears of liver and spleen (13 cases). The agent of disease in 14 dogs determined as Leishmania infantum by nested PCR. This study confirmed that domestic dogs are the main reservoir host for VL in this area and they are infected with Leishmania infantum as the causative agent of canine VL. [Hosseini A, Moshfe A, Khodadadi P, Shahryari B. Domestic Dogs As Main Reservoir Host For Visceral Leishmaniasis In Boyer-Ahmad District, South Of Iran. Life Sci J 2013; 10(7s): 727-730] (ISSN: 1097-8135). http://www.lifesciencesite. com. 113
BSS Array Processing in Radio Surveillance

Blind source separation (BSS) and direction of arrival (DOA) estimation attempt to separate source signals (modulated signals) received by an antenna array and obtain their direction of arrival. For this purpose many diﬀerent algorithms have been proposed to provide these facilities. In previous papers [5] we have introduced several elements of BSS applied to radio surveillance, and other important features, like modulation recognition and demodulation. In this paper we focus on the performance of BSS and present some results. We also discuss the features of the array processing in our proposed surveillance system.
A RIDGE REGRESSION ESTIMATION APPROACH WHEN MULTICOLLINEARITY IS PRESENT

In regression problems, we usually try to estimate the parameters β in the general linear regression model . u X Y + β = We need a method to estimate the parameter vector . β The most common method is the Ordinary Least Squares (OLS) estimator. However, in the presence of multicollinearity, the OLS efficiency can be radically reduced because of the large variances of the estimates of the regression coefficients. An alternative to the OLS estimator has been recommended by Hoerl and Kennard [3], namely the ridge regression estimator. In this paper, a suggested method of finding the ridge parameter k is investigated and evaluated in terms of Mean Square Error (MSE) by simulation techniques. Results of a simulation study indicate that with respect to MSE criteria, the suggested estimators perform better than both the OLS estimators and the other estimators discussed here.
A LANDCOVER POST-CLASSIFICATION FILTER BASED ON NEURAL NETWORK END-NODE ACTIVATIONS

Supervised per-pixel land-cover classification techniques, when applied to Very High Resolution (VHR) satellite images, often fail to produce a useful land-cover product due to the noise (“salt-and-pepper effect”) that stems from pixel misclassifications. Improving classification algorithms might not solve this problem because it is mainly data-related, i.e. caused by spectral mixing, confusion or ambiguity in the image data. We propose a straightforward and easily implemented post-classification filtering technique to “brushup” a per-pixel land-cover classification, making it more useful in combination with ancillary geographic datasets (e.g. census or cadastre maps). This filtering technique uses the activation levels of the end-nodes of the neural network that is used to produce the per -pixel land-cover classification. While relatively little improvement was noted when evaluating the results of the filtering on a pixelby-pixel basis (Kappa Index of Agreement), the structural properties of the classification improved significantly, effectively resulting in a land-cover product that is more useful for further processing.
A Visualized Voice Service System Student :

The thesis presents Voice Service XML (VSXML) technologies to transform the traditional voice services into the visualized ones for mobile phone users. The technologies contain VSXML formatted files, VSXML Designer, and VSXML Renderer. The VSXML file encapsulates the interactive Question Units plus the communication protocols during the voice services conversation. The VSXML Designer is a toolkit can provide visualizable and handy applications for voice service designers. The VSXML Renderer generates the corresponding controls of the voice service conversion according to the VSXML file. The techniques have been designed and implemented to Motorola and Nokia mobile phones. The thesis concludes the technologies are flexible and easy to adapt. In general, the voice services can be visualizable completely if there is no database accessing. We also addressed the future work of the technologies.
Wave-Wave Interactions if Sur/ace and Internal Waves'

A resonant energy-transfer theory is applied to the weak wave-wave interactions of random surface gravity waves and internal gravity waves in a constant Vaisala-frequency ( exponential-density) ocean. Oceanographic measurements have been used to evaluate energy-transfer rates for two interaction processes: (i) the generation of internal waves by higher-frequency surface (wind) waves, and (ii) the mutual interactions of internal waves for frequencies that are low compared with the mean Vaisala frequency. The computations indicate that the transfer rates for the second process may be generally much larger than those for the first process and that both interactions may be the strongest in shallow depths over the continental shelves.
Study on Demand for Service Quality of Aquarium by IPA

This study adopted the Importance-Performance Analysis (IPA) to probe into customers’ importance and satisfaction with service quality, in order to suggest operational strategy for aquarium H. This study distributed questionnaires to consumers of aquarium H. After retrieving the questionnaires, the priority to improve service quality was determined using IPA. The results suggested that service personnel always attend to the customers even when they are busy. The facility is clean, and routes and signs are clearly indicated. To consumers, these two items are highly important, but have not met their expectation. Hence, the aquarium should improve these items to enhance competitiveness.
Direct search applied to beam angle optimization in radiotherapy design

The intensity modulated radiation therapy (IMRT) treatment planning problem is usually divided in three smaller problems that are solved sequentially: geometry problem, intensity problem, and realization problem. The optimization community has made significant contributions to the improvement of IMRT treatment planning by addressing mainly the last two problems. However, the geometry problem or beam angle optimization (BAO) problem is still an open problem and, most of the times, beam directions continue to be manually selected in clinical practice, with only the fluences and the delivery being part of the optimization process. We propose a new approach for the BAO problem, by addressing it as a non-convex nonlinear (noisy) problem instead of a combinatorial problem, and by using direct search methods which are suited to tackle stochastic and non-stochastic noisy optimization problems. A clinical example of a head and neck case is used to discuss the benefits of using direct search methods in the optimization of the geometry problem, emphasizing the improvements achieved by using the optimized beam directions compared to the traditional equidistant set of incidence directions.
Japanese ESL Learners ’ Relative-Clause Attachment Preferences for Complex NP Sentences

There is a domain that even highly advanced L2 English learners can hardly reach — the domain of handling English at a native speaker level. One of the reasons for this might be the difference between how L2 learners and native speakers perceive language. Human parsing mechanisms have been a great concern in the area of psycholinguistics for many years (Frazier 1978, Gibson et al. 1996, Juffs 1998, Clahsen and Felser 2006). Research has been done on L2 and L1 processing, and has discovered some differences between the respective parsing strategies. Since the way that people process languages cannot be directly seen, conditioned sentences were used to indirectly reveal their supposed method of processing. One of the sentence types that is known to be handled divergently among people with different language backgrounds is a sentence with a noun phrase (NP) containing a relative clause (hereafter complex NP sentence). The present study conducted an analysis on how Japanese ESL learners process this type of English sentence in order to see their similarities and dissimilarities with native English speakers. The study aims at obtaining insights that might be used to help L2 learners reach the aforesaid domain.