Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Association between health literacy and preventive behaviors of breast cancer in women

Background and Objective: Health literacy is one of the effective indicators in preventive interventions for breast cancer. In view of the relatively high prevalence of breast cancer in women, this study aimed to determine the association between health literacy and preventive behaviors of breast cancer in women. Materials and Methods: In a cross-sectional study, 300 women referring to comprehensive health centers of Karaj in 2018 were selected through stratified cluster sampling for participation in the study. The data were collected using a demographic and background questionnaire, Health Literacy Assessment Questionnaire (HELIA) and a standard questionnaire on the adoption of preventive behaviors for breast cancer. Then, the data were analyzed using SPSS software version 20, descriptive statistics, and the Pearson correlation coefficient. Results: The mean and standard deviation of health literacy score was 25.95±15.31 out of 100. 94% (n=282) had low health literacy, 3.3% (n=10) had inadequate health literacy, and 2.7% (n=8) had adequate health literacy. Also, the mean and standard deviation of the adoption of preventive behaviors for breast cancer was 12.74±3.97 of 20. The adoption of preventive behaviors for breast cancer was poor in 40% (n=120) of women, 52% (n=156) were moderate and 8% (n=24) were good. Also, the results showed that health literacy and its dimensions had a significant and direct correlation with the adoption of preventive behaviors of breast cancer (P<0.05). Conclusion: In order to promote the adoption of breast cancer preventive behaviors in women, special attention should be paid to health literacy, especially in comprehensive health centers. Paper Type: Research Article
Evaluating Fidelity of Implementation for a Powerful Learning Environment Classroom Intervention.

Powerful learning environments (PLEs) are based on a social constructivist theory of learning, providing a stimulating, resource-rich and inquiry-supportive environment for student self-regulated learning. Fidelity of implementation (FOI) for such PLEs is dependent on several factors, the most critical factor being the teacher’s belief system, philosophy of education, and dominant teaching style. This paper examines a classroom intervention implemented in Ontario, Canada grade 10 mathematics classrooms, using theoretical frameworks to first qualify the intervention as a PLE and then evaluate FOI, identifying the critical factors on which fidelity of implementation depend.
Understanding physicians’ perceived barriers to screening and patient education to reduce stroke risk in community health centers in Indonesia

Abstract Background Stroke is the leading cause of death in Indonesia and correspondingly the prevalence of stroke risk factors is high. Improved risk factor screening along with education and counseling for patients on the behavior changes that they need to make to reduce their stroke risk have the potential to lessen stroke burden. Methods Focus groups were conducted with physicians working in community health centers (puskesmas) in Indonesia to explore physicians’ practices with regard to stroke risk screening and patient education to reduce stroke risk. Results Physicians perceive that patients commonly have misconceptions about their stroke risk factors, indicating a need for patient education. Screening and education practices vary considerably among Indonesian primary care physicians, suggesting a need for physicians to improve their patient education and counseling practices. Physicians reported lack of time during appointments, as well as their perceptions of patients’ reluctance to modify their behaviors and patients’ low level of education as barriers to patient education for stroke prevention. Conclusion Physicians reported knowledge, attitudinal, and health care system barriers that need to be addressed as part of interventions aimed at improving stroke screening and patient education and counseling in this setting.
Factors affecting time until myocardial infarction in hypertension patients using truncated Cox regression

Background and aims: Hypertension is one of the most common and important risk factors of cardiovascular diseases. This phenomenon, if not cured, causes lots of problems in vital organs of the body like kidneys, brain, eyes, and heart. The aim of the current study was to identify factors which affect the time until myocardial infarction (MI) in hypertension patients using truncated Cox regression. Methods: This study was a population retrospective cohort and its statistical population included patients with hypertension symptoms, who had MI for the first time in Sari. A decision was made based on continuing the study as a nested case and control study because the number of MI incidents was low (7%) in the studied sample. In addition, the Cox’s model and truncated Cox were used for determining the factors affecting the patients’ survival. Results: The median and mean survival times in this sample were equal to 57 and 66.44 months, respectively. Considering time truncation, family history (HR=1.70) and the age at diagnosis (HR=0.99) were statistically significant in the Cox’s model (P< 0.05). Conclusion: Overall, using the Akaike criterion for comparing the survival time without the effect of truncation, the Cox’s model demonstrated better fitness by controlling the truncation effect. These results show the importance of controlling the truncation in those diseases in which it is impossible to distinguish the time of the appearance from the symptoms.
Efficient Approach of Image Hiding

— In the End, the thesis was covered an efficient method of construction a secure image hiding approach in digital images. The digital image steganography process has been achieving the improvement of constrained intensity of human visual system (HVS). Image steganography method was utilized image as cover media for hiding secret message. The major principles necessities for a steganography framework are to be untraceable while augmenting the measure of the data is going to embed into spread unique image. The proposed encoding of restricted image based on chaos approach, in which the image was distributed into various sorts then interchange these parts to generate the new form of depiction. The next step was applying discrete wavelet transform, so the facsimile data was prepared to be concealed. The performance measurement has been applied in this approach to find peak signal to noise ratio (PSNR) and mean square error (MSE) between embedded and extracted image. The obtained results indicated that this approach leading to more secure approach comparing to other methods. The archived values of PSNR is in between 38.7447 and 59 depending on the size of the secrete image.
Extraction, Characterization, and Application of Agricultural and Food Processing By-Products

By-products originating from agricultural and food processing are considerable disposal problem for the industry because these waste streams emerge in huge quantities and often have direct impact on the economy and environmental pollution. However, at the same time, it constitute a rich but yet underutilized source of valuable components, which may find application as ingredients in the food and non-food industries. As a result, numerous projects are currently directed toward the utilization of agricultural and food processing by-products such as animal-based (skin, bone, flesh, and internal organs) and plant-based biomaterials (fruit peels and seeds, rice bran, and etc.). In the present work, we would like to focus on the potentialities and the current research of the compounds and extracts deriving from agro-industrial disposable wastes in the food-related utilization. The potential of selected by-products as a source of bioactive/functional compounds in terms of emerging and conventional techniques for extraction, characterization, biological activity monitoring and application of the extracts or isolated compounds as functional food ingredients or bio-based materials for food packaging are highlighted. Considering environmental effect and economic loss, agricultural and food processing by-products should be utilized in various innovative processes in the cause of beneficial product derivation.
Iodine content development in raw cow’s milk in three regions of the Czech Republic between the years 2008 and 2018

The study examines an analysis and evaluation of iodine content in raw cow’s milk in three regions of the Czech Republic between the years 2008 and 2018. Bulk milk samples were collected at dairy farms situated in South Bohemia, Central Bohemia, and the Vysočina Region. Iodine in milk was determined on the basis of alkaline ashing, using the spectrophotometric method according to Sandell-Kolthoff. The highest mean iodine content was measured in 2009 (485.5 ± 408.2 μg/l) and the lowest in 2016 (169.2 ± 71.7 μg/l). Since 2010 there has been a gradual decline of iodine concentration, from 479.5 ± 304.9 μg/l in 2010 to 231.2 ± 63.5 μg/l in 2018. A similar decreasing tendency was recorded in all the monitored regions. The percentage of samples containing iodine above 500 μg/l was on the decrease (37% in 2009; 0% in 2016–2018) and less than 80 μg/l (8% in 2009; 0% in 2017–2018). The current state corresponds to the requirements for iodine content in milk for human consumption. The study emphasizes the importance of continuous iodine content checks in milk and the related adjustments of iodine supplementation to the feeding rations of dairy cows.
Post-traumatic ankylosis of the temporomandibular joint in the dog – a case report

Temporomandibular ankylosis, even though considered to be of a relatively rare emergence, can be encountered in day-to-day clinical practice. Most cases follow a typical, if not identical anamnesis pattern. The background of mechanical difficulties manifestation is associated with some trauma. The animals usually suffer a severe blow to the head, leading to a gradual development of the defect, which unfortunately most owners are not aware of, or claim not to be. This case report describes a typical incidence of post traumatic ankylosis of the temporomandibular joint (TMJ). The patient suffered a blow to the head at the age of 4 months, the clinical aftermath of which was a gradual difficulty in opening the mouth. A CT examination revealed the extent of damage in the region of the zygomatic arch, affecting also the corresponding TMJ. For this particular case, a surgical intervention was the only course of treatment, meaning the resection of arcus zygomaticus and the TMJ. The procedure was scheduled to be performed 14 days post the CT examination. Due to the fact that the changes were located only on the lateral surface of the TMJ, the plan was to resect and remove the affected area only, with the medial part of the TMJ left intact and in position. The joint capsule was then sutured. This approach proved to be very beneficial and effective in the outcome of the surgery and in aiding in the overall comfort of the patient.
Effect of Telmisartan Versus Captopril on Insulin Resistance in Hypertensive Type 2 Diabetic Patients

Background and objectives: Hypertension is an extremely common co-morbid condition in diabetes. Peripheral insulin resistance (IR) plus compensatory hyperinsulinaemia is a common mechanism underlying both hypertension and diabetes. The aim of this study was to compare the effects of telmisartan and captopril on IR in type2 diabetes mellitus with hypertension. Materials and Methods: This study was conducted in the Department of Pharmacology, Mosul College of Medicine, University of Mosul and Al-Wafaa center for diabetes management, Mosul, Iraq, from 1 March, 2012 to 30 March, 2013. Sixty-eight patients on oral hypoglycemic agents were assigned to receive two month treatment of either telmisartan (n = 34) or captopril (n = 34). Forty diabetic normotensive patients, with age and BMI, matched to the diabetic hypertensive patients, served as a control group. The oral hypoglycemic agents remained unchanged during the twomonths study period. Insulin resistance was estimated by homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) and quantitative insulin sensitivity check index (QUICKI). Results: This study showed that the two groups of diabetic hypertensive patients who were assigned to receive captopril or telmisartan have a non-significant difference in fasting serum glucose (FSG), fasting serum insulin (FSI), QUICKI and HOMAIR before starting therapy. Telmisartan and captopril groups showed insignificant change in body mass index (BMI). HOMA-IR, QUICKI, FSI and FSG were changed non-significantly in telmisartan group; while FSI, FSG and HOMA-IR decreased significantly (from 18.1± 9.69 to 15.14 ± 7.49, p=0.022; and from 187.32± 65.34 to 162.95 ± 56.87, p=0.048; and from 8.27 ± 6.28 to 6.02 ± 3.73, p-value= 0.027, respectively) and QUICKI increased significantly (from 0.293 ± 0.024 to 0.306 ± 0.031, p-value = 0.022) in the captopril group versus baseline. Conclusion: Captopril, but not telmisartan, significantly improves insulin sensitivity in diabetic hypertensive patients.
Thermodynamic and economic comparison of photovoltaic electricity generation with and without self-cleaning photovoltaic panels

In this study, thermodynamic and economic analysis of a photovoltaic electricity generation system (PVEGS) with and without self-cleaning panels is reported. In the first part, thermodynamic analyses are used to characterize the performance of the system. In the second part, the economic comparison of photovoltaic electricity generation with and without self-cleaning panels is carried out for all climate zones of Iran. A computer simulation program using EES software is developed to model the solar photovoltaic electricity generation system in four different climates of Iran. The solar photovoltaic system provides electricity during the year. Our goal is to point out the potential of electricity production using conventional panels compared to self-cleaning panels under the same condition. The analysis involves the specification of the effects of varying solar radiation intensity (SRI) on the electricity generation rate of the photovoltaic electricity generation system. The average output power values for the solar photovoltaic system with self-cleaning panels and the solar photovoltaic system without self-cleaning panels are found to be 50767 and 48120 kWh/year, respectively, which means that the solar photovoltaic system with self-cleaning panels has the higher performance than the solar photovoltaic system without self-cleaning panels in all climate zones of Iran.
Peripheral blood mononuclear cells from IgE‐ and non‐IgE‐associated allergic atopic eczema/dermatitis syndrome (AEDS) demonstrate increased capacity of generating interleukin‐13 but differ in their potential of synthesizing interferon‐γ

Background: A subgroup of patients with allergic atopic eczema/dermatitis syndrome (AEDS) are known to have normal total and specific IgE levels and negative skin prick tests towards common environmental allergens. This form of the disease has been termed non‐IgE‐associated allergic AEDS. Although allergic mechanisms appear to be important, the pathogenesis of both IgE‐ and non‐IgE‐associated forms of the disease is unknown.
Comparison of health literacy between the pregnant women referring to health care centers and those referring to private offices

Background and objectives:Mothers' health literacy during pregnancy expresses social and cognitive skills that motivates and empowers them to receive and use useful knowledge. The purpose of this study was to compare the health literacy between the pregnant women referring to health care centers and those referring to private offices. Materials and Methods:This cross-sectional study was performed on 100 pregnant women referred to health centers and 100 pregnant women referred to private clinics in Mashhad, 2017.The Persian S-TOFHLA questionnaire was used to asses health literacy. The collected data were analyzed using chi2 and t-test tests and regression logistic analysis. Results: The pregnant women who referred to health centers and private offices had 44% and 28% of inadequate health literacy, respectively (p<0.05). The variables of age, education, occupation, pregnancy rank, number of live births, gestational age and household income were significantly correlated with functional health literacy of pregnant women (p <0.05). Also, the variables of household income, gestational age, education and maternal age were significantly correlated with overall health literacy (p <0.05). Conclusion:Inadequate health literacy is a relatively common problem among pregnant women. It is imperative that health system staff, including those working in public and private centers have the skills to consult and evaluate pregnant women in health literacy.
Off-Road Autonomous Mobility

Off-road autonomous navigation poses a challenging problem, as the surrounding terrain is usually unknown, the support surface the vehicle must traverse cannot be considered flat, and environmental features (such as vegetation and water) make it difficult to estimate the support surface elevation. This paper will focus on Robotic Research’s suite of off-road autonomous planning and obstacle avoidance tools. Specifically, this paper will provide an overview of our terrain detection system, which utilizes advanced LADAR processing techniques to provide an estimate of the surface. Additionally, it will describe the kino-dynamic off-road planner which can, in real-time, calculate the optimal route, taking into account the support surface, obstacles sensed in the environment, and more. Finally, the paper will explore how these technologies have been applied to a wide variety of different robotic applications.
May 01, 2019 Stress and disease resilience differences related to emergence time for first feeding in farmed rainbow

The ABSTRACT 22 Salmonid individuals show a relatively high variability in the time required to abandon the gravel nest where 23 they hatch, the so-called “emergence time”. Different behavioral and physiological traits have been shown to 24 be associated to that emergence time in wild salmonids. In general, early- and late-emerging fish have traits 25 resembling those of proactive and reactive stress coping styles, respectively. Proactive fish are considered to be 26 more resilient to stress and probably to disease, so it was hypothesized that fish with different emergence time 27 have different ability to resist repeated episodes of stress without suffering deleterious effects on their welfare 28 or health status. In this study, rainbow trout eyed eggs were hatched and larvae were fractionated according to 29 their emergence time (Early fraction: first 20 % of fish to emerge; Intermediate fraction: mid 20 %; Late 30 fraction: last 20 %). When the fish were four months old, part of the fish were exposed to a daily repeated 31 stress protocol for 15 days. The next day, both naïve and repeatedly-stressed fish were exposed to an acute 32 stress challenge. Different plasma (cortisol, glucose, lactate) as well as CNS (serotonergic activity) stress 33 markers were assessed to evaluate the stress resilience of the different fractions. Furthermore, an 34 intraperitoneal infection challenge with Flavobacterium psychrophilum was carried out to assess the disease 35 resilience of the different emergence fractions. Altogether, the results showed that fish from different fractions 36 displayed different activation of the hypothalamus-pituitary-interrenal axis, pointing to a higher stress 37 resilience in the fish with shorter emergence times. However, those differences were not reflected in the ability 38 of the different fractions to grow and perform well in terms of growth, or in the ability to overcome the 39 infection with the bacteria, which was similar for all the emergence fractions. This suggests that discriminating 40 fish according to emergence time would probably have little effect in improving the performance and the 41 welfare of farmed fish.
Signal Transduction in Leaf Senescence: Progress and Perspective

Leaf senescence is a degenerative process that is genetically controlled and involves nutrient remobilization prior to the death of leaf tissues. Age is a key developmental determinant of the process along with other senescence inducing factors. At the cellular level, different hormones, signaling molecules, and transcription factors contribute to the regulation of senescence. This review summarizes the recent progress in understanding the complexity of the senescence process with primary focuses on perception and transduction of senescence signals as well as downstream regulatory events. Future directions in this field and potential applications of related techniques in crop improvement will be discussed.
Roles of Trans and ω Fatty Acids in Health; Special References to Their Differences Between Japanese and American Old Men

Omega and trans-fatty acids play important roles in atherogenesis of vascular system. In this review, we discuss such roles in health; there are much differences in coronary heart disease (CHD) rates between the US and Japan. Fatty acids profiles in the plasma are related to risks of CHD. There have been few studies that compared plasma levels of fatty acids, including trans-fatty acids, in people in Japan and the US. Plasma levels of long-chain omega-3 fatty acids (docosahexae-noic acid [DHA] and eicosapentaenoic acid [EPA]) were higher in Japanese men, and omega-6 fatty acids (e.g., arachidonic acid [AA]) were lower compared with American men. American people had higher plasma levels of the major industrially produced trans-fatty acids (IP-TFAs; elaidic and inoelaidic acids), and levels of the potentially cardioprotective, primarily ruminant-derived trans-fatty acid, palmitoelaidic acid (POA) were higher in Japanese men. Plasma levels of saturated or monounsaturated fatty acids were also higher in American men. Only intakes of preference drinks have significant correlation with plasma levels of palmitoelaidic acid and linoelaidic acid. The higher levels of DHA and EPA, along with the lower levels of the IP-TFAs, are consistent with the markedly lower risk for coronary heart disease in Japan vs. the US.