Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Senior executives’ perspectives of integrated reporting regulatory regimes as a mechanism for advancing sustainability in South African listed companies

South African listed companies are among the first in the world to be subject to compliance with integrated reporting requirements in terms of stock exchange listing requirements. Integrated reporting, as a novel and evolutionary step in corporate reporting, along with the influence that integrated thinking and integrated reporting principles will have on companies, has been the subject of global debate in recent years. This study, performed two years into the South African integrated reporting regime, aims to summarise the findings of the perceptions of chief executive officers (CEOs), chief financial officers (CFOs) and senior executives of South African listed companies on the organisational changes perceived as a result of implementing integrated reporting requirements. The findings confirm and strongly support several of the anticipated organisational outcomes of a regulatory integrated reporting regime, most notably the advancement of strategic decision-making that recognises the organisation’s dependence on resources and relationships in creating and sustaining longer-term stakeholder value, greater consideration of the linkages and interdependencies between financial, social and environmental, and economic matters in setting strategic objectives, and an increased organisational focus on integrating social and environmental objectives into strategic objectives and aligning reported key performance indicators (KPIs) with external stakeholder requirements. Integrated reporting is also perceived as encouraging decision-making in the organisation with the objective of longer-term sustainable wealth-creation. However, maintaining the balance between transparency and business confidentiality when disclosing forward-looking information and strategy remains a challenging aspect of integrated reporting for companies.
Temporal constraints on the comprehension of motor language. An embodied semantics approach

This paper investigates how language comprehension is modulated by temporal information, marked by time adverbs, and bodily constraints imposed by motor actions. The experiment used a paradigm similar to that employed by de Vega, Robertson, Glenberg, Kaschak and Rinck (2004), but included significant refinements in the materials and the procedure, allowing for stronger theoretical conclusions. Participants read sentences describing two manual actions as simultaneous or consecutive by means of the adverbs while or after, respectively (e.g., While [After] cleaning the wound he unrolled the bandage). Comprehension was more difficult (longer reading times and lower sensibility rates) when actions were described as simultaneous. This indicates that the semantics of time marked by temporal adverbs is not an independent dimension, but interacts with the motor properties of the described actions. These results cannot be easily explained by the temporal iconicity assumption, but they are consistent with embodied theories of language such as the indexical hypothesis.
A REVIEW OF ZIMBABWES AGRICULTURAL ECONOMIC POLICIES: 1980 2000

This paper is written as part of a research project on Institutions and Economic Policies for Propoor Agricultural Growth, funded by the Department for International Development of the United Kingdom (ESCOR Project R7989). The findings, interpretations and conclusions expressed in this paper are entirely those of the authors and should not be attributed to the Department for International Development, which does not guarantee their accuracy and can accept no responsibility for any consequences of their use.
Study on the Wave Equation with an Artificial Boundary Condition

We consider the exterior problem for the wave equation. When numerically solving the exterior problem, one often introduces an artificial boundary in order to reduce the computational domain to a bounded domain and imposes an artificial boundary condition (ABC) on the artificial boundary. We introduce a new ABC, which is constructed by using the Dirichlet-to-Neumann (DtN) operator associated with the Helmholtz equation. Our ABC is suitable for the controllability method for computing numerical solutions of the Helmholtz equation. We show the wellposedness of the wave equation with our ABC. Then it is important to investigate some properties of the Hankel functions since the DtN operator on a spherical artificial boundary is analytically represented by the Hankel functions.
Clinical illiteracy about domestic violence against women among young Italian psychologists

The article examines the exam papers of 85 psycholo gy graduates who, after one year of post-graduate training, were face d with a clinical case. The case in question had a history of domestic violence. The candidates were asked to describe their reflections on the clinical story an d to propose the most suitable treatment while highlighting the reasons and the pu rposes behind these choices. The content analysis of the compositions showed how vi lence within the family investigated, and in particular violence against th e mother and her son, was neglected in interpreting the assigned clinical cas e.
Internal respiration of Amazon tree stems greatly exceeds external CO 2 efflux

Respiration in tree stems is an important compo- nent of forest carbon balance. The rate of CO2 efflux from the stem has often been assumed to be a measure of stem respiration. However, recent work in temperate forests has demonstrated that stem CO2 efflux can either overestimate or underestimate respiration rate because of emission or re- moval of CO2 by transport in xylem water. Here, we stud- ied gas exchange from stems of tropical forest trees using a new approach to better understand respiration in an ecosys- tem that plays a key role in the global carbon cycle. Our main questions were (1) is internal CO2 transport important in tropical trees, and, if so, (2) does this transport result in net release of CO2 respired in the roots at the stem, or does it cause the opposite effect of net removal of stem-respired CO2? To answer these questions, we measured the ratio of stem CO2 efflux to O 2 influx. This ratio, defined here as ap- parent respiratory quotient (ARQ), is expected to equal 1.0 if carbohydrates are the substrate for respiration, and the net transport of CO2 in the xylem water is negligible. Using a stem chamber approach to quantifying ARQ, we found val- ues of 0.66± 0.18. These low ARQ values indicate that a large portion of respired CO2 ( 35 %) is not emitted locally, and is probably transported upward in the stem. ARQ val- ues of 0.21± 0.10 were found for the steady-state gas con- centration within the stem, sampled by in-stem equilibration probes. These lower values may result from the proximity to the xylem water stream. In contrast, we found ARQ values of 1.00± 0.13 for soil respiration. Our results indicate the exis- tence of a considerable internal flux of CO 2 in the stems of tropical trees. If the transported CO 2 is used in the canopy as a substrate for photosynthesis, it could account for up to 10 % of the C fixed by the tree, and perhaps serve as a mech- anism that buffers the response of the tree to changing CO2 levels. Our results also indicate, in agreement with previous work, that the widely used CO2 efflux approach for deter- mining stem respiration is unreliable. We demonstrate here a field applicable approach for measuring the O 2 uptake rate, which we suggest to be a more appropriate method to esti- mate stem respiration rates.
Synthesis, characterization and anti microbial activity of some novel chalcone compounds having benzyloxymonochloro resacetophenone moiety

1– (2-hydroxy-3-chloro–4–benzyloxy) ethanone (HCBE) and chalcones were prepared by the coupling of benzyle bromide and 3-chloro resacetophenone then condensation with aromatic aldehyde(3a-h) then The newly synthesized compounds were evaluated for their characterization, antimicrobial activity and their physical properties.
Studies on Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) and Norway spruce (Picea abies (L.) Karst.) needle cuticles

were prefixed in 2% glutaraldehyde in a 0.1 M phosphate buffer, then washed with the buffer and posffixed in 1% OS04 in the same buffer. Samples were dehydrated in an alcohol series and then embedded in Ladd’s epon. The light microscope was used to evaluate the cuticles and to select areas suitable for electron microscopic evaluations with a Jeol JEM 100 CX II scanning-transmission electron microscope.
Entrepreneurship and Human Capital: Evidence of Patenting Activity from the Academic Sector

This paper presents empirical evidence of the relationship between faculty entrepreneurial activity—quantified in terms of the propensity of U.S. university faculty to work directly with industry on research activities that lead to patents—and human capital, measured in terms of faculty tenure and age. Patenting reflects a unique dimension of faculty entrepreneurship, namely, collaborative activity that results in joint intellectual property. We find that faculty with tenure are more likely to engage in such activity, thus providing suggestive evidence of an externality associated with permanent employment. We also find that older faculty are more likely to engage with industry, to a point, holding tenure constant. Tenure and age proxy, respectively, what we call the “accumulated advantage” of faculty and their absorptive capacity. Because faculty patenting with industry involved both parties, our findings reflect that such faculty experience and expertise are important to industry to enter into a patenting relationship. Finally, we find that male faculty are more likely to patent with industry than female faculty.
Pérez EFFECT OF OPTIMAL GERMINATION CONDITIONS ON ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY , PHENOLIC CONTENT AND FATTY ACIDS AND AMINO ACIDS PROFILES OF Moringa oleifera

The object of the present research w s t study the effect of the optimal germi ation conditions on antioxidant activity, phenolic content, and fatty acids and amino acids profiles of Moringa oleifera seeds. Response surface methodology was applied to identify the optimal germination conditions of moringa seeds that would result in a functional flour with maximum values of protein content (PC), antioxidant activity (AoxA) and total phenolic content (TPC), and a minimum lipid content (LC) of 20%. A central composite rotatable (CCR) experiment l design with tw factors [Germ nation tempera ure (GT, 25-40°C)/Germination time (Gt, 25-360 h)] in 5 levels (13 treatments) was used. The prediction models developed for each response variable showed high coefficients of determination, demonstrating their adequacy to explain the variations in experimental data. The germination bioprocess at optimal conditions increased PC, AoxA, and TPC, polyunsaturated fatty acids, and amino acids content, and decreased LC concerning the entire seed. Therefore, the germination under optimized conditions is an effective strategy to improve the nutritional, antioxidant, and functi nal value of Moringa oleifera seeds.
Os Fatores determinantes da continuidade de uso do canal on-line para a compra de Livros, CDs e DVDs

Understanding the factors that lead consumers to decide for the continuity of use of the on-line channel in the purchase of products can bring benefits for companies wishing to invest in this way. The objective of this study was to identify the influential factors in the continued use of the on-line channel. Thus, based on models of acceptance and use of technology and expectation of the use of information technology, was performed a research with 123 purchasers of books, CDs or DVDs by the Internet, from a casual sampling. Results obtained from the technique of structural equation modeling (SEM) indicate that to the maintenance of the on-line channel for buying books, CDs and DVDs are the facilitating conditions in the use of this technology and the satisfaction throughout the acquisition process of the products.
Generating Urban Forms from Ontologies

The paper presents the ongoing research work on a software system for supporting the exploration of the numerous and often interrelated factors that can affect the urban design. The present implementation of the system supports the simulation of different urban scenarios in relation to the uniqueness and constraints peculiar to a design and a site. The paper considers our ongoing research work to formally represent the implicit and explicit knowledge used by means of ontologies. The ontology semantic system administrates a set of rules and relations among urban entities. To this aim, we are dealing with different issues: all the factors involved in the urban design process cross various domain knowledge, from different competencies and sources; the knowledge is both semantic and procedural.
TOXIC IMPACT OF SUB-CHRONIC ORAL EXPOSURE OF CYFLUTHRIN ON ANTIOXIDANT STATUS IN BUFFALO CALVES

Cyfluthrinm[cyano[4-fluoro-3-phenoxyphenyl]-methyl-3-[2,2-dichloroethenyl]-2,2-dimethyl-cyclo propane carboxylate] is a synthetic pyrethroid insecticide, that has both contact and stomach poison action. The present study evaluated the long-term toxic effects of cyfluthrin on antioxidant status in buffalo calves. Oral administration of cyfluthrin at a dose rate of 10 and 20 mg/kg/d for 11 consecutive weeks did not produce any marked toxic symptoms in the buffalo calves. However, the oral administration of cyfluthrin resulted in a significant increase in the extent of lipid peroxidation. This increase was dose dependent with an elevation to the extent of 48.5% in low dose group and 64.4% in the high dose group. Similarly there was also an increase in the enzymic activity of glutathione peroxidase to the extent of 16.9% and 18.8%, in low-dose and high-dose groups respectively. The repeated administration of cyfluthrin produced a significant depletion of the blood glutathione levels as well as the enzymic activity of catalase and superoxide dismutase. Thus on the basis of the present investigation it can be concluded that cyfluthrin is a moderately toxic pesticide.
Tectonics of Pliocene removal of lithosphere of the Sierra Nevada, California

Pliocene (ca. 3.5 Ma) removal of dense eclogitic material under the Sierra Nevada has been proposed from variations in the petrology and geochemistry of Neogene volcanic rocks and their entrained xenoliths from the southern Sierra. The replacement of eclogite by buoyant, warm asthenosphere is consistent with present-day seismologic and magnetotelluric observations made in the southern Sierra. A necessary consequence of replacing eclogite with peridotite is that mean surface elevations and gravitational potential energy both increase. An increase in potential energy should increase extensional strain rates in the area. If these forces are insuffi cient to signifi cantly alter Pacifi c‐ North American plate motion, then increased extensional strain rates in the vicinity of the Sierra must be accompanied by changes in the rate and style of deformation elsewhere. Changes in deformation in California and westernmost Nevada agree well with these predictions. Existing geologic evidence indicates that a period of rapid uplift along the Sierran crest of more than ~1 km occurred between 8 and 3 Ma, most likely as a consequence of removal of lower lithosphere. About this same time, extensional deformation was initiated within ~50 km of the eastern side of the Sierra (5‐3 Ma), and regional shortening began to produce the California Coast Ranges (5‐3 Ma). We suggest that these events were induced by the >1.2 ◊ 10 12 N/m increase of gravitational potential energy generated by the Sierran uplift. Evidence for Pliocene uplift, adjoining crustal extension, and shortening in directly opposing parts of the Coast Ranges is found along nearly the entire length of the Sierra Nevada and implies that lithosphere was removed beneath all of the presentday mountain range. The uplifted area lies between two large, upper-mantle, high-Pwave-velocity bodies under the south end of the San Joaquin Valley and the north end of the Sacramento Valley. These high-velocity bodies plausibly represent the present position of material removed from the base of the crust. Lithospheric removal may also be responsible for shifting of the distribution of transform slip from the San Andreas Fault system to the Eastern California shear zone, a prediction that awaits better-defi ned slip histories on both faults. Overall, the late Cenozoic deformational history of the Sierra Nevada and vicinity illustrates that locally derived forces can infl uence deformation kinematics within plate-boundary zones.
Urea uptake kinetics of a midsummer planktonic community on the SW coast of Finland

Urea uptake of the plankton~c community was studied in a serles of experiments on the SW coast of Finland, the Baltic Sea, in midsummer. Uptake was measured with '"-urea incubatlons, where respired I4CO2 was found to represent 98 to 99% of total uptake. Uptake kinetics were characterized by high affin~ty for urea (0.97 to 1.84 pg N I ' ) , fast turnover rates (29 to 99% h' ) and model-ate maximum uptake velocit~es (0.52 to 1.31 pg N I-' h-'). Light stimulated urea uptake; parallel dark incubations usually yielded uptakes 60 to 80% of those in the light. No surge uptake of urea was observed, as all kinetic parameters remained constant in a short-term time series experiment. Sizefractlonat~on studies and light/dark incubatlons indicated that phytoplankton dominated urea uptake. The time course of urea depletion in an ennchment experiment follo\'ved the die1 pnmary production pattern, and the depletion rate was of the same order as the ammonium depletion rate lnorganic nitrogen additions (ammonium, nitrate) did not produce immediate Inhibitions of urea uptake, but with a time lag of 1 night, ammonium inhibition was observed. Phosphate addition stimulated urea uptake. Evidence on stimulated bacterioplankton uptake of urea was found the next night after organic carbon source addition. Alternative nitrogen sources (NO,. NH4, urea) were utihzed mainly according to their availability. Urea proved to be an important nitrogen source for phytoplankton during the regenerated phase of plankton succession.
Accounting for Changes in Labor Force Participation of Married Women: The Case of the U.S. since 1959

Using a model of family decision-making with home production and individual heterogeneity, we quantitatively investigate the role of changes in several aspects of the joint earnings distribution of husbands and wives (gender earnings gap, gender-specific inequality and assortativeness of matching) and the decline in prices of home appliances in accounting for the dramatic rise in labor force participation of married women since 1959. The implications of the factors examined are tested against changes in participation for disaggregated groups of couples and leisure trends of married individuals, documented from the U.S. population census and time-use survey data.
The Endocytotic Rate Constant

The endocytotic rate constant (k,) is a cellular constant which defines the probability of an occupied receptor being internalized in 1 min at 37 "C. We have derived an equation that expresses the relationship between k, and the relative amount of surface-bound and internalized ligand as a function of time. This equation was used as the basis for a graphical form of analysis called the In/Sur plot. This plot directly yields k, as well as the lag time that exists between ligand internalization and degradation. Accurate utilization of the In/Sur plot is dependent upon precise discrimination of surface-bound and internalized ligand, the existence of a lag time between ligand internalization and degradation, and a relatively constant amount of surface-bound ligand with respect to time. In studies utilizing '2SI-labeled epidermal growth factor (EGF) and human fibroblasts, we found that all three of the above conditions could be satisfied using physiological temperatures and ligand concentration that spanned the mitogenic range for this cell type. There was approximately a 16% chance that an occupied EGF receptor would be internalized in 1 min at 37 "C. After internalization, there was a delay of at least 15 min prior to the initiation of EGF degradation. The ke value for EGF receptors was a constant independent of the total number of occupied cell surface receptors, indicating that receptors cluster to independent internalization sites rather than to each other. We also found that it was possible to measure the effects of environmental perturbations such as temperature and pH on both endocytosis and ligand binding, thus allowing one to quantitate the role of these processes in the overall interaction of ligands with target cells.
THE SKELETON OF STYRACOSAURUS WITH THE DESCRIPTION OF A NEW SPECIES By BARNUM BROWN

INTRODUCTION One of the dinosaur skeletons collected in the summer of 1915 from the Belly River formation by an American Museum Expedition under the leadership of the senior writer, in the Red Deer River country, Alberta, Canada, has recently been prepared and mounted for exhibition. This specimen was identified in the field as Monoclonius because of the extraordinary similarity to that genus as seen in the exposed parts when the skeleton was collected. Last summer when the blocks of matrix containing this-ceratopsian were opened in the laboratory and preparation began, it was discovered that the specimen was an unusually perfect skeleton of Styracosaurus. Subsequent preparation has shown that it represents a new species, a description and study of which is given in the following pages. '
Two Paradigms for Official Statistics Production

The paper discusses modern systems for statistics production in the perspective of knowledge systems (or, cognitive systems). It is argued that there is a parallel between how the work on modelling statistics production systems proceeds - namely, by defining models for processes and for information - and how cognitive systems have been conceptualised in cognitive science/artificial intelligence. It should however already at the outset be noted that the information that we focus on is about subject-matter facts, not about the processes. It is the accumulated amount of that information that we refer to as knowledge (or cognitive) systems. There is an ongoing work to integrate statistics production over subject matter areas by using same/similar tools, processes, and data structures. Also, there is an ongoing tendency to strive towards integrating register and survey data for the purpose of producing statistics. These goals are among top priorities for modern systems for statistics production. In that light, we review some evidence about possibilities of building cognitive/knowledge systems that can satisfy the ever increasing need for representation of facts in the system. We argue, on the basis of the review, that it is feasible to be inspired by other approaches within cognitive science (e.g. subsymbolic cognition, as in artificial neural networks and genetic algorithms, or distributed cognition), in addition to relying on the classical, symbolic cognition. This also includes more recent ways of structuring information, like the NoSQL approaches represented by, for instance, Google‘s BigTable, and the Semantic Web (e.g. the Resource Description Framework), as these ways circumvent some of the shortcomings of the classical approach. With respect to the issues raised, we discuss in the paper how statistics production can be driven even more by user needs, and consider how modern approaches to design of knowledge systems, large data bases, and so-called Big Data might be related to the production of statistics. Regarding the field of editing, we discuss alternatives to when it could be taking place, with what (if any) purpose(s), and propose to investigate applying self-learning editing rules in the editing process. Also, opportunities for using the Bayesian inferential approach are touched upon.