Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Disgust : An Emotional Component of Conservative Attitudes toward Transgender Individuals

Though disgust is one of the most basic of human feelings, recent research (Schaich Borg, Lieberman, and Kiehl, 2008; Tybur, Lieberman, and Griskevicius, 2009) has provided new insights into the cognition of this emotion. The present work incorporates these new findings as it examines the political implications of different types of disgust motivated by evolutionary pressures to avoid pathogens, enhance reproductive success, and deter freeloading social behavior. Prior research has linked political conservatism, opposition to gay marriage, and disgust sensitivity (Smith et al. 2011). However, the role disgust plays in political attitudes toward transgender individuals has not been investigated previously. My research shows that the role of disgust in political conservatism pertains not just to matters of sexual orientation, but gender identity as well. Using an undergraduate sample, the present study finds a gendered relationship, wherein females (but not males) with higher self-reported sexual disgust sensitivity and those with greater physiological reactivity to a sexually disgusting stimulus have greater transphobia and anti-transgender positions on legislation that affects transgender individuals. Skin conductance levels (SCLs) served as the physiological indicator of psychological arousal when various types of disgust were induced by means of video clips.
Identificación de sitios adecuados para la cría de reinas de Apis mellifera mellifera a escala regional mediante morfometría

Honey bee decline in Europe has forced beekeepers to re-evaluate their management practices and breeding methods. Evidence suggests that the dark western honey bee (Apis mellifera mellifera) may be better adapted to the British climate, and consequently presents the potential for greater resistance to disease than other strains. Substantial hybridization of A. m. mellifera has taken place in Great Britain due to imports of subspecies from southern Europe (A. m. ligustica and A. m. carnica). This study evaluated the extent of hybridization at a regional scale in North Wales using morphometrics. By analysing honey bee wing venation and determining the cubital index (CI) and the discodial shift angle (DisA) the subspecies of each bee was determined. Analyses of 1830 wings from 61 colonies indicated a mean CI of 1.86 and a mean DisA of -0.37°. Most colonies consisted of hybrids of A. m. mellifera and A. m. ligustica with a slight predominance of A. m. mellifera traits. Across all 61 colonies, 43.2% of bee colonies presented A. m. mellifera traits, although this masked considerable variation between colonies (3% to 93%). Spatial analysis identified areas where queen release in breeding programmes would be expected to increase the predominance of A. m. mellifera traits.
Biological activity of Calotropis procera Ait on mortality and haemogram of Schistocerca gregaria ( Forskal , 1775 ) and Locusta migratoria ( Linné , 1758 )

The treatments based on acetone extracts of Calotropis procera against imagos of Schistocerca gregaria and Locusta migratoria have been very convincing due to the speed and efficiency of the action of said plant, on mortality and on haemogram of treated locusts. The process consists, after having carried out a mass breeding of locusts, in placing the latter in containers containing food soaked in the acetone extract of C. obtained by cold-molding. The first contribution allowed us to see that C. procera generates 100% mortality in the space of a few days, eight (08) days after treatment with a mortality recorded beginning from the 2nd day. As we observed among imago’s of S. gregaria and L. migratoria, who had ingested lettuce and grass soaked in acetone extract of C. procera, instant decrease in food intake and mobility accompanied by strong tremors of the legs and an almost total paralysis of the insect after only 3 hours of treatment. We found, as well, rotting and dismemberment corpses, 24 hours after the death of each individual with a bluish coloration of the oral appliance of dead locusts. A second intake, confirms, therefore, the toxicity of the plant used against both species of locust treated, especially on haemogram of the species. We have thereby seen strong cytological disturbances in the hemolymph, and this, whether for the qualitative aspect as for that quantity. These disturbances are, therefore, translated into structural alterations marked and significant drop in the number of haemocytes, ranging from 271-123 haem / 3μl in S. gregaria and from 321.33 to 65.66 haem / 3μl in L. migratoria. Also note that some cells become empty of their contents gradually and others have been disaggregated, leaving only debris.
The Swedish Pharmaceutical Market : Competition and Pricing Post-Deregulation

This paper examines the Swedish market of over-the-counter (OTC) pharmaceuticals following the reform in 2009. The market is an oligopoly and the market concentration has increased over the recent years. Several impediments to price competition are present, including a low number of firms and significant barriers to entry. Firstly, simple regressions are performed to study whether the prices vary with the market structure overall. Secondly, the nested logit model (Berry, 1994) is applied to a subset of conventional and natural pharmaceuticals in order to estimate the demand elasticities. These are in turn used to calculate markups and Lerner indices to measure the extent of market power. While the paper presents some signs of increased prices in connection with less intense competition, these indications cannot be generalized. Market power is found to be present in market structures with a lower degree of competition, however there is insufficient evidence to infer that excessive markups are levied as a result of this.
Spinal cord ischemia/infarct after cauda equina syndrome from disc herniation – A case study and literature review

Background: Spinal cord infarction is rare and occurs in 12/100,000; it represents 0.3%–2% of central nervous system infarcts. Here, we present a patient who developed recurrent bilateral lower extremity paraplegia secondary to spinal cord infarction 1 day after a successful L4-5 microdiscectomy in a patient who originally presented with a cauda equina syndrome. Case Description: A 56-year-old patient presented with an acute cauda equina syndrome characterized by severe lower back pain, a right foot drop, saddle anesthesia, and acute urinary retention. When the lumbar magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) revealed a large right paracentral lumbar disc herniation at the L4-L5 level, the patient underwent an emergency minimally invasive right-sided L4-5 discectomy. Immediately, postoperatively, the patient regained normal function. However, 1 day later, while having a bowel movement, he immediately developed the recurrent paraplegia. The new lumbar MRI revealed acute ischemia and an infarct involving the distal conus medullaris. Further, workup was negative for a spinal cord vascular malformation, thus leaving an inflammatory postsurgical vasculitis as the primary etiology of delayed the conus medullaris infarction. Conclusions: Acute neurologic deterioration after spinal surgery which does not neurologically correlate with the operative level or procedure performed should prompt the performance of follow-up MR studies of the neuraxis to rule out other etiologies, including vascular lesions versus infarctions, as causes of new neurological deficits.
THE CAUSALITY BETWEEN CORRUPTION AND HUMAN DEVELOPMENT IN MENA COUNTRIES : A PANEL DATA ANALYSIS

The present paper investigates the relationship between Corruption and Human Development based on the notion of causality in the context of panel data. In Middle East and North Africa countries during 1996-2012. We find that, clearly negative correlation between corruption and human development in each of the years, this impact be more intensify in 2012 (46.30%), which indicates the deterioration in the status of governance compared to 1996 (17.10%) and increase in the impact of corruption on human development in the MENA World. The empirical results suggest that Human development causes corruption in MENA countries (prob=0.0508). Hence, causality here is unidirectional. Results show that, corruption causes human development indirectly through political stability Political and health expenditure channels. In the end, The MENA countries must develop a national anti-corruption strategy.
Combination of drugs as an alternative to control multi-resistant gastrointestinal nematodes in sheep

Cezar A.S. , Ribas H.O. , Pivoto F.L. , Sangioni L.A. & Vogel F.S. F. 2011. [Combination of drugs as an alternative to control multi-resistant gastrointestinal nematodes in sheep. ] Combinação de drogas antiparasitárias como uma alternativa para o controle de nematódeos gastrintestinais multirresistentes em ovinos. Pesquisa Veterinária Brasileira 31(2):151-157. Programa de Pós-Graduação em Medicina Veterinária, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Av. Roraima 1000, Santa Maria, RS 97105-900, Brazil. E-mail: alfredosps@hotmail.com This study was conducted to find effective anthelmintic treatments on a multi-resistant population of gastrointestinal nematodes of sheep, which was found resisting to all the classes of nematicidal drugs available in the Brazilian market. We took as a starting point the data obtained in a previous study performed in the targeted flock, in which were tested conventional treatments. Thus, using the calculated efficacy of the drugs (tested previously) for the genera of nematodes found in the flock, we selected drugs which, combined or used in higher doses, could improve the efficacy of the treatments. We evaluated the anthelmintic action of each treatment using the percentage of reduction of eggs in the feces, along with larvae cultures. A combination of moxidectin 1% + disophenol 20% showed 99% of efficacy, and combinations of moxidectin 1% + trichlorphon 10% and moxidectin 1% + levamisole phosphate 22.3% showed efficacy over 90%. Combinations of drugs, with different mechanisms of action, can provide effective anthelmintic treatments on multidrug-resistant populations of gastrointestinal nematodes of sheep.
THE EFFECT OF INVENTORY VISIBILITY AND CROSS-CHANNEL INTEGRATION ON ONLINE CHANNEL PERFORMANCE

This study focuses on channel integration, which is defined as the degree to which a firm closely coordinates its virtual and physical channels. Due to the proliferation of channels through which firms can reach customers, the route to the market has become a key competitive battleground in many industries, with different players trying out different channels or channel combinations in an attempt to reduce costs and gain market advantage. While the practitioner literature conveys the value of strategic management of physical and virtual channels, this issue has received limited empirical examination by academic researchers. This study examines the effects of inventory data integration and cross-channel process integration on the performance of the online channel. Regarding all potential influences, only in-store returns of products purchased online has a significant effect on the performance of the online channels. Thus, firms interested in deriving value from channel integration strategy need to pay more attention to how they can streamline and coordinate cross-channel processes.
Welfare and trade effects of the Canada-European Union Comprehensive Economic and Trade Agreement considering tariff line detail

We provide an analysis of the EU-Canada Comprehensive Economic and Trade Agreement between the European Union and Canada, which foresees the full removal of tariffs with the exemption of sensitive products in the agri-food sector. We employ a global Computable General Equilibrium with 57 sectors extended for the EU-Canada trade links to over 5.000 HS6 tariff lines based on additional demand and supply nests represented by constant elasticity of substitution and constant elasticity of transformation functions, respectively. Comparing our results to a standard pre-model tariff aggregation, we find that trade impacts are lower in both regions. Furthermore, we find the welfare improvement in Canada doubles but that of the EU halves. Our analysis, based on open-source and access code underlines that such analysis at least at the level of bi-lateral Free Trade Agreement can be readily used.
Survey on Brain MRI Segmentation Techniques

Image segmentation is aimed at cutting out, a ROI (Region of Interest) from an image. For medical images, segmentation is done for: studying the anatomical structure, identifying ROI ie tumor or any other abnormalities, identifying the increase in tissue volume in a region, treatment planning. Currently there are many different algorithms available for image segmentation. This paper lists and compares some of them. Each has their own advantages and limitations.
1 REASSESSING THE CONCEPTUAL – PROCEDURAL DISTINCTION

My aim in this paper is to reassess the conceptual–procedural distinction as drawn in relevance theory in the light of almost thirty years of research. In section 1, I make some comparisons between approaches to semantics based on a conceptual–procedural distinction and those based on a distinction between truth conditions and conditions for appropriate use. In section 2, I present a brief history of the conceptual–procedural distinction as drawn in relevance theory. In section 3, I consider the nature of procedural encoding and discuss whether it is best seen as semantic or pragmatic. In section 4, I outline some parallels and differences between procedural and use-conditional accounts of interjections. In section 5, I discuss the implications of the conceptual–procedural distinction for lexical pragmatics and consider some recent proposals about how it might be extended. In section 6, I reassess the conceptual–procedural distinction in the light of current evolutionary approaches to cognition and point out some future directions for research.
Can subsidy programs change the customer base of next-generation vehicles?

Although many countries have implemented subsidy programs for next-generation vehicles in order to reduce energy consumption and greenhouse gas emissions from the transportation sector, the effect of such programs has not yet been fully investigated in terms of their influence of households f vehicle selection. The Japanese government introduced a subsidy program entitled gEco-car h during 2009 and 2012. In this study, we apply multinomial logit models to micro-level data of vehicle selection from the National Survey of Family Income and Expenditure in order to identify the types of households who switched from conventional gasoline vehicles to hybrid electric vehicles (HEVs) using this subsidy program. Our analyses demonstrate that higher income households who used compact gasoline vehicles (CGVs) before the Eco-car program switched to HEVs using the subsidy, whereas those who used regular gasoline vehicles (RGVs) did not switched to HEVs. Although seniors chose HEVs over CGVs before the Eco-car program, younger consumers began choosing HEVs over CGVs after the Eco-car program. We also find that gasoline price became a less important factor on HEV purchase after the Eco-car program.
PPAR b / d in human cancer

The nuclear receptor factor peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPARb/d) can regulate its target genes by transcriptional activation or repression through both ligand-dependent and independent mechanism as well as by interactions with other transcription factors. PPARb/d exerts essential regulatory functions in intermediary metabolism that have been elucidated in detail, but clearly also plays a role in inflammation, differentiation, apoptosis and other cancer-associated processes, which is, however, mechanistically only partly understood. Consistent with these functions clinical associations link the expression of PPARb/d and its target genes to an unfavorable outcome of several human cancers. However, the available data do not yield a clear picture of PPARb/d’s role in cancer-associated processes and are in fact partly controversial. This article provides an overview of this research area and discusses the role of PPARb/d in cancer in light of the complex mechanisms of its transcriptional regulation and its potential as a druggable anti-cancer target. © 2016 Published by Elsevier B.V.
Profess iona l contr ibut ion How Likely Is It for a Nurse Student to Become a Competent Nurse ? A Protocol for Scale Development and Validation Using a Mixed Methods Study

1PhD in Nursing, Evidence-Based Caring Research Center, Department of Medical-Surgical Nursing, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran 2PhD in Educational Psychology, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Iran 3PhD Candidate in Nursing; Department of Medical-Surgical Nursing, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran 4Department of Nursing, Bojnurd Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery, North Khorasan University of Medical Sciences, Bojnourd, Iran ACTA FACULTATIS MEDICAE NAISSENSIS
Four memory categories to support socially-appropriate conversations in long-term HRI

in long-term human-robot interaction (HRI), memory is necessary for robots to use information that are collected from past encounters to generate personalized interaction. Although memory has been widely employed as a core component in cognitive systems, they do not provide direct solutions to utilize memorized information in generating sociallyappropriate conversations. From a design perspective, many studies have employed the use of memory in social interactions. However, only a few works so far have addressed the issue of how to utilize memorized information to design long-term HRI. This work proposes a category of four types of memory information aiming to allow a robot to directly use memorized information to modify conversation content in long-term HRI. A memory system was developed and briefly introduced to facilitate the use of the memory information. In addition, the concept of ways to use these four types of memory in long-term interactions are provided. To demonstrate, a personal assistant robot application and a user study using it are also included. Our results suggest that a robot using the proposed memory information might help users perceive positive relationship with the robot. Keywords—four memory categories; interaction strategy concept; memory system design; long-term HRI; personalized conversation
Energy Management of a Multi-Source Power System

This work focuses on energy management for a system operated by multiple energy sources which include batteries, super capacitors, a hydrogen fuel cell, and a photovoltaic cell. The overall objective is to minimize the power consumption from all sources needed to satisfy the system’s power demand by optimizing the switching between the different energy sources. A dynamic mathematical model representing the energy sources is developed taking into account the different constraints on the system, i.e., primarily the state-of-charge of the battery and the super capacitors. In addition to the model, a heuristic approach is developed and compared with the mathematical model. Both approaches were tested on a multi-energy source ground robot as a prototype. The novelty of this work is that the scheduling of an energy system consisting of four different types of sources is compared by performing analysis via dynamic programming, and a heuristic approach. The results generated using both methods are analyzed and compared to a standard mode of operation. The comparison validated that the proposed approaches minimize the average power consumption across all sources. The dynamic modeling approach performs well in terms of optimization and provided a superior switching sequence, while the heuristic approach offers the definite advantages in terms of ease of implementation and simple computation requirements. Additionally, the switching sequence provided by the dynamic approach was able to meet the power demand for all simulations performed and showed that the average power consumption across all sources is minimized.
Xanthohumol inhibits colorectal cancer cells via downregulation of Hexokinases II-mediated glycolysis

Deregulation of glycolysis is a common phenomenon in human colorectal cancer (CRC). In the present study, we reported that Hexokinase 2 (HK2) is overexpressed in human CRC tissues and cell lines, knockout of HK2 inhibited cell proliferation, colony formation, and xenograft tumor growth. We demonstrated that the natural compound, xanthohumol, has a profound anti-tumor effect on CRC via down-regulation of HK2 and glycolysis. Xanthohumol suppressed CRC cell growth both in vitro and in vivo. Treatment with xanthohumol promoted the release of cytochrome C and activated the intrinsic apoptosis pathway. Moreover, our results revealed that xanthohumol down-regulated the EGFR-Akt signaling, exogenous overexpression of constitutively activated Akt1 significantly impaired xanthohumol-induced glycolysis suppression and apoptosis induction. Our results suggest that targeting HK2 appears to be a new approach for clinical CRC prevention or treatment.
Design for One : An Empathic Approach to Design for an Expert User

We are a team consisting of member of Everyday Design Studio, from Simon Fraser University. This paper describes the process of designing a game controller and mouse with a quadriplegic teenager. We discuss how our design approach addresses issues that other approaches may neglect. We suggest that design for one can be adopted by OT and HCI practitioners in similar situations or where the traditional methods and techniques have failed to support patients’ requirements. Further design for one provides an empathic understanding of user’s circumstances and certain experiences through peer-to-peer interaction and collaboration among designer, user, and health care providers. Author
A gas dynamic problem without mass conservation : strong impact ionization in semiconductors

We study a system of partial differential equations which is the fluid limit of kinetic equations for strong ionization in semiconductors. This hydrodynamic setting essentially differs from the classical Euler framework in that the total density does not solve a constitutive conservation law. This unusual property gives rise to severe nonlinearities. We define the space of admissible states, prove that this hydrodynamic system admits a non trivial additional conservation law for smooth solutions, establish its strict convexity in the conservation variables, so that the strong ionization system is hyperbolic. To circumvent the severe nonlinearities of this system, we propose to approximate its entropy weak solutions by those of an extended first order system with singular perturbation. The extended model is obtained when partially relax the nonlinearities in the strong ionization system, so as to derive a fairly simple approximation of the waves dynamic while preserving exactly the contact discontinuity. We justify this model when proving that it enters the framework for relaxation proposed by Chen-Levermore-Liu. A fairly efficient numerical method based on the relaxation system will be then proposed.