Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Becoming a Presidential Candidate: Social Media Following and Politician Identification

Political candidates increasingly use social media to tell their stories, share their thoughts and feelings and chronicle an unfolding election. We argue that the concept of identification—the process through which an audience member cognitively assumes the perspective of a media personality—can help illuminate how online campaigns can increase citizen support. This study employed a two-wave survey with a U.S. national sample conducted prior to the 2016 presidential election. Results of our analysis support our expectations that following Hillary Clinton and Donald Trump on social media leads to increased identification with that candidate, which then affects candidate support.
Drug transporters and renal drug disposition in the newborn

The individual response to a drug in terms of drug efficacy and toxicity is highly variable; this represents a major problem in clinical practice. Potential causes for such variability include pathogenesis and severity of the disease being treated, drug interactions, patient age, nutritional status, renal and liver function and concomitant illness. Inherited differences in drug metabolism and genetic polymorphism of targets of drug therapy can have even greater influence on the efficacy and toxicity of medications. We will discuss the role of drug transporters (organic anion transporting polypeptides and Pgp), drug-related gene polymorphisms and pathologies, renal function and drug metabolism in a very special patient population, the newborn. Reliable predictions of drug pharmacokinetics in the newborn, derived from an understanding of the transport mechanisms, should allow therapeutic agents to be used more safely in this special population.
Stimulation of group I mGlu receptors in the ventrotegmental area enhances extracellular dopamine in the rat medial prefrontal cortex

Group I mGlu receptors have been implicated in the control of brain dopamine release. However, the receptor subtype involved and the precise site of action have not been determined. In this study we show that (R,S)3,5‐dihydroxyphenylglycine (DHPG; 6 and 60 nmol ICV), a selective group I mGlu receptor agonist, raised extracellular dopamine respectively by 176% and 243% of basal values in the medial prefrontal cortex as assessed by in vivo microdialysis in conscious rats. (R,S)2‐chloro‐5‐hydroxyphenylglycine (60 nmol ICV), a selective mGlu5 receptor agonist, raised extracellular dopamine by 396% of basal values. Intra‐VTA DHPG (0.6–6 nmol) mimicked ICV injection whereas intracortical infusion (1–1000 µmol/L) had no effect. DHPG‐induced rise of extracellular dopamine was reversed by tetrodotoxin and by the selective mGlu1 and mGlu5 receptor antagonists 7(hydroxyimino)cyclopropa[b]chromen‐1a‐carboxylate (CPCCOEt) and 2‐methyl‐6‐(phenylethynyl)pyridine (MPEP) either ICV or into the ventrotegmental area (VTA), suggesting that neuronal release and both mGlu1 and mGlu5 receptors were involved. These results support the existence of functional mGlu1 and mGlu5 receptors in the VTA regulating the release of dopamine in the medial prefrontal cortex.
Coopetition for radical innovation: technology, market and business-model perspectives

Coopetition (collaboration between competing firms) is used in many contemporary industries to achieve various innovation-related benefits. However, there is still a lack of consensus in the existing literature as to whether it is beneficial in the case of radical innovations or whether it only supports incremental improvements due to the similarity of knowledge bases among competitors. We address this issue in an empirical study based on a cross-industrial survey in Finnish markets. The study focuses on three types of technological coopetition and on their effect on the technological, market and business-model radicalness of the firms’ innovations. The results show that coopetition is negatively related to technological radicalness and positively related to business-model radicalness. The implications are that coopetition is likely to benefit incremental technological development over time and to promote the emergence of radical business-model innovations as competitors seek to differentiate their offerings.
The last universal common ancestor (LUCA), simple or complex?

The concept of Archaea (formerly Archaebacteria), introduced by Carl Woese at the end of the seventies, raised the hope that studying this third form of life on earth would help to reconstitute the Last Universal Common Ancestor (LUCA) to all living organisms. In the years that followed, a consensus emerged within the community of archaeobiologists about early cellular evolution and the nature of LUCA. In the new paradigm, Archaea are the sister group of Eukarya (formerly eukaryotes), and LUCA was a simple prokaryote with features between those of Archaea and Bacteria (1, 2). In this scenario, the complex and specific molecular traits of the Eukarya, such as nuclear pores, mRNA splicing, or an elaborated cytoskeleton, are late inventions in the eukaryal lineage. This paradigm is usually justified by the rooting of the universal tree of life in the bacterial branch and the finding of eukaryal features in Archaea at the molecular level. In our opinion however, it is also based on the prejudice that “pro”karyotes predated “eu”karyotes in the course of early cellular evolution. Prokaryotes of course predate “modern” eukaryotes in the history of life since all present-day eukaryotes have probably descended from an ancestor that had already engulfed the bacterial endosymbiont which gave birth to mitochondria, (e.g., 3). We think, however, that the relationships between present-day prokaryotes and the ancestral eukaryotic lineage (those which existed before the
Analyse de trajectoires pour l'indexation sémantique des vidéos à grande échelle

L'indexation semantique automatique de grandes collections video est un probleme complexe qui ne peut se limiter a l'analyse de mots clefs saisis par les utilisateurs. L'extraction de descripteurs spatiaux et temporels a partir du contenu est devenu indispensable pour apprehender la grande richesse des contenus. Cependant, le cout de calcul associe a l'extraction de descriptions temporelles est bloquant et les systemes actuels se limitent souvent au traitement de l'information spatiale. Dans ces travaux, nous proposons une methode d'analyse de trajectoires de points caracteristiques. Ses besoins en ressources de calcul sont faibles et s'adaptent facilement a de grandes collections video. Partant d'une description des trajectoires de points d'interet utilisant l'analyse du flot optique, une batterie de descripteurs bases sur les modeles Sac de Mots sont calcules pour representer les videos. L'approche est evaluee dans le contexte difficile du challenge TRECVid Semantic INdexing (SIN).
O CICLO DE VIDA DO PRODUTO TURÍSTICO E AS ESTRATÉGIAS DA GESTÃO DE MARKETING NO ARRAIAL DE CONCEIÇÃO DO IBITIPOCA, MUNICÍPIO DE LIMA DUARTE - MG

O arraial de Conceicao de Ibitipoca, municipio de Lima Duarte – MG e um dos destinos turisticos mais importantes do Estado de Minas Gerais, constituindo-se em um dos locais preferidos pelos amantes da natureza e da cultura mineira. A historia do desenvolvimento turistico do Arraial de Conceicao de Ibitipoca permite uma analogia com os conceitos de Butler (1980), onde um produto turistico passa por fases. Estas etapas sao divididas por ele em: exploracao, investimento, desenvolvimento, consolidacao, estagnacao e declinio ou rejuvenescimento.
Bilateral adrenal incidentalomas differ from unilateral adrenal incidentalomas in subclinical cortisol hypersecretion but not in potential clinical implications.

OBJECTIVE To investigate the possibility of a different prevalence of subclinical Cushing's syndrome (SCS) and potentially related morbidities between patients with unilateral adrenal incidentalomas (UAI) and bilateral adrenal incidentalomas (BAI), as existing data are few and controversial. DESIGN Prospective observational study. METHODS Clinical examination, biochemical tests, and hormonal evaluation were performed in 298 consecutive patients with adrenal incidentalomas, unilateral in 224 patients (75.2%), bilateral in 74 patients (24.8%), with apparently benign masses based on imaging characteristics and after exclusion of overt endocrine disease. The diagnosis of SCS was based on a post-dexamethasone suppression test (2 mg dexamethasone/24 h for 48 h), with serum cortisol level ≥1.8 μg/dl combined with at least one abnormal result of the other hormonal measurements. RESULTS SCS was diagnosed in 66 out of 298 (22.1%) patients, being more frequent in patients with BAI (35.1 vs 17.9%, P=0.003, for BAI and UAI respectively). Hypertension, type 2 diabetes mellitus, impaired glucose tolerance, and dyslipidemia were of a similar frequency in both groups. SCS patients with UAI and BAI did not differ in age, gender, BMI, waist circumference, and mass size. Factors related to SCS were the presence of BAI (OR, 3.24; 95% CI, 2.31-4.54) and mass size (OR, 2.63; 95% CI, 1.31-5.26). CONCLUSION BAI patients present more often with SCS when compared with UAI patients; however, morbidities potentially related to subtle cortisol hypersecretion were of a similar frequency in both groups. Further studies are needed to clarify whether this difference in hormonal activity may be related to different pathophysiologies.
The resolved mystery of tardigrades

The phylogenetic position of tardigrade is a controversial and uncertain field among scientists. The tiny animals are considered to belong to an independent phylum called “Tardigrada”. Recent phylogenomics studies based on expression sequence tag (EST) and micro RNAs (miRNAs) have confirmed the phylogenetic position of tardigrades as a sister group of the arthropods [1]. Tardigrades are segmented micro animals which can be up-to 1 mm in body length when they are adult. These small animals have a hemocoel type of fluid-filled body cavity, a complete digestive tract, and a lobed dorsal brain. The tiny animals mostly prefer eating moss, algae, and lichens from water [2]. Approximately 900 species have been reported of these animals found throughout the world such as marine environments (cold sea of Antarctica), fresh water and terrestrial environment (desserts, polar desserts, lake basins) [2-4].
Evaluation of Gallium Nitride Transistors in High Frequency Resonant and Soft-Switching DC–DC Converters

The emergence of gallium nitride (GaN)-based power devices offers the potential to achieve higher efficiencies and higher switching frequencies than possible with mature silicon (Si) power MOSFETs. In this paper, we will evaluate the ability of gallium nitride transistors to improve efficiency and output power density in high frequency resonant and soft-switching applications. To experimentally verify the benefits of replacing Si MOSFETs with enhancement mode GaN transistors (eGaNFETs) in a high frequency resonant converter, 48-12 V unregulated isolated bus converter prototypes operating at a switching frequency of 1.2 MHz and an output power of up to 400 W are compared using Si and GaN power devices.
[Opsoclonus-myoclonus syndrome associated with Mycoplasma pneumoniae infection].

UNLABELLED Mycoplasma pneumoniae infection is associated with various manifestations involving the central nervous system but it has never been reported as a potential aetiology of opsoclonus-myoclonus syndrome (OMS) in children. OBSERVATION We report on a case in a 4-year-old girl who presented neurological manifestations compatible with an OMS, after a respiratory tract disease. Aetiological investigations revealed M. pneumoniae infection as specific IgM were present in the serum (Elisa). Evolution after corticosteroid, intravenous immunoglobulins and macrolide therapy was favourable as clinical symptoms disappeared. After a 12-month follow-up, the patient has no neurological sequela. CONCLUSION M. pneumoniae infection should be added to the list of causes to be screened in OMS. Its pathophysiology remains unknown but may involve a dysimmune postinfectious mechanism.
Various rat adult tissues express only one major mRNA species from the glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate-dehydrogenase multigenic family.

We have isolated and sequenced a full-length cDNA clone encoding rat glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate-dehydrogenase (GAPDH, E.C.1.2.1.12). The entire mRNA is 1269 nucleotides long exclusive of poly(A) and contains respectively 71 and 196 bases of 5' and 3' non-coding regions. Primer extension as well as S1 nuclease protection experiments clearly established that a single (or at least a highly prominent) GAPDH mRNA species is expressed in all rat tissues examined. This sequence allowed the determination of the hitherto unknown primary structure of rat GAPDH which is 333 aminoacids long. Comparison between GAPDH sequences from rat, man and chicken revealed a high degree of sequence conservation at both nucleotide and protein levels.
Spinal nociceptive circuit analysis with recombinant adeno‐associated viruses: the impact of serotypes and promoters

Recombinant adeno‐associated virus (rAAV) vector‐mediated gene transfer into genetically defined neuron subtypes has become a powerful tool to study the neuroanatomy of neuronal circuits in the brain and to unravel their functions. More recently, this methodology has also become popular for the analysis of spinal cord circuits. To date, a variety of naturally occurring AAV serotypes and genetically modified capsid variants are available but transduction efficiency in spinal neurons, target selectivity, and the ability for retrograde tracing are only incompletely characterized. Here, we have compared the transduction efficiency of seven commonly used AAV serotypes after intraspinal injection. We specifically analyzed local transduction of different types of dorsal horn neurons, and retrograde transduction of dorsal root ganglia (DRG) neurons and of neurons in the rostral ventromedial medulla (RVM) and the somatosensory cortex (S1). Our results show that most of the tested rAAV vectors have similar transduction efficiency in spinal neurons. All serotypes analyzed were also able to transduce DRG neurons and descending RVM and S1 neurons via their spinal axon terminals. When comparing the commonly used rAAV serotypes to the recently developed serotype 2 capsid variant rAAV2retro, a > 20‐fold increase in transduction efficiency of descending supraspinal neurons was observed. Conversely, transgene expression in retrogradely transduced neurons was strongly reduced when the human synapsin 1 (hSyn1) promoter was used instead of the strong ubiquitous hybrid cytomegalovirus enhancer/chicken β‐actin promoter (CAG) or cytomegalovirus (CMV) promoter fragments. We conclude that the use of AAV2retro greatly increases transduction of neurons connected to the spinal cord via their axon terminals, while the hSyn1 promoter can be used to minimize transgene expression in retrogradely connected neurons of the DRG or brainstem.
In vivo imaging of riboflavin penetration during collagen cross-linking with hand-held spectral domain optical coherence tomography.

PURPOSE To compare the effect of complete versus grid-like epithelial removal on riboflavin penetration during collagen cross-linking (CXL) in vivo using hand-held spectral domain optical coherence tomography (OCT, Bioptigen Inc). METHODS In this prospective, observational, comparative case series, patients with progressive keratoconus undergoing CXL with riboflavin and ultraviolet A (UVA) light were enrolled. Twenty eyes (20 patients) undergoing CXL using 0.1% riboflavin and UVA light (365 nm) were imaged intraoperatively at 30 and 60 minutes after starting the procedure, using hand-held spectral domain OCT. In 10 eyes, the epithelium was removed completely in the central 7-mm zone (complete removal group) whereas in the remaining 10 eyes, the epithelium was removed in a grid pattern, leaving behind intact islands of epithelium (grid-like removal group). The depth of hyperreflective band (representing penetration of riboflavin) in the anterior corneal stroma was measured. RESULTS In the complete removal group, the hyper-reflective band was homogenous, extending to a mean depth of 54.2±5.2 μm and 72.4±7.1 μm at 30 and 60 minutes, respectively (P<.001). In the grid-like removal group, the mean depth of the hyperreflective band was uneven, being significantly more in the "epithelium off" areas (56.90±4.66 μm and 74.2±6.7 μm at 30 and 60 minutes, respectively) (P<.001) compared to the "epithelium on" areas (18.9±2.3 μm and 24.7±2.3 μm at 30 and 60 minutes, respectively) (P<.001). CONCLUSIONS Epithelial removal appears to be an essential step prior to performing CXL, as an intact epithelium appears to block penetration of riboflavin in the anterior corneal stroma.
The Fatty Acid Transport Protein (FATP1) Is a Very Long Chain Acyl-CoA Synthetase*

The primary sequence of the murine fatty acid transport protein (FATP1) is very similar to the multigene family of very long chain (C20-C26) acyl-CoA synthetases. To determine if FATP1 is a long chain acyl coenzyme A synthetase, FATP1-Myc/His fusion protein was expressed in COS1 cells, and its enzymatic activity was analyzed. In addition, mutations were generated in two domains conserved in acyl-CoA synthetases: a 6- amino acid substitution into the putative active site (amino acids 249–254) generating mutant M1 and a 59-amino acid deletion into a conserved C-terminal domain (amino acids 464–523) generating mutant M2. Immunolocalization revealed that the FATP1-Myc/His forms were distributed between the COS1 cell plasma membrane and intracellular membranes. COS1 cells expressing wild type FATP1-Myc/His exhibited a 3-fold increase in the ratio of lignoceroyl-CoA synthetase activity (C24:0) to palmitoyl-CoA synthetase activity (C16:0), characteristic of very long chain acyl-CoA synthetases, whereas both mutant M1 and M2 were catalytically inactive. Detergent-solubilized FATP1-Myc/His was partially purified using nickel-based affinity chromatography and demonstrated a 10-fold increase in very long chain acyl-CoA specific activity (C24:0/C16:0). These results indicate that FATP1 is a very long chain acyl-CoA synthetase and suggest that a potential mechanism for facilitating mammalian fatty acid uptake is via esterification coupled influx.
Online Packet Dispatching for Concurrent Transmissions in Heterogeneous Multi-RAT Networks

The heterogeneity of different radio access technologies (RATs) in the tightly integrated multi-RAT networks can be exploited to support bandwidth hungry applications. However, the out-of-order problem due to concurrent transmissions over multiple RATs may compromise the performance gain if packets are not well dispatched between different RATs. In this paper, we address this problem by adopting {\it value function} as a measure of the admittance cost based on current RAT and queuing states, with which the online packet dispatching problem is formulated as a nonlinear mix- integer programming problem. We obtain the close-form solution for this problem for the special case of two RATs and design a gradient algorithm based on the dual decomposition technique for general cases. Simulation results show that the proposed scheme significantly reduces the delay variation over different RATs, which is effective in alleviating the out-of-order problem in concurrent transmissions.
Direct evidence that coronary perfusion affects diastolic myocardial mechanical properties in canine heart.

OBJECTIVE The effect of coronary perfusion on left ventricular chamber distensibility is only indirect evidence that perfusion alters the mechanical properties of the myocardium. The aim of this study was to demonstrate explicitly the effects of coronary perfusion on these mechanical properties. METHODS The effects of different levels of coronary perfusion were studied both on in-plane stress-strain relations and on transverse stiffness in an isolated, perfused canine interventricular septal preparation. Additionally, to determine the vascular compartment responsible for the mechanical effects of perfusion on tissue properties, we examined the in-plane stress-strain responses and transverse stiffness after embolisation of the vasculature with 15 microns microspheres. RESULTS The data show a clear dependence of tissue stress-strain properties on perfusion. The in-plane stress-strain relations were shifted to the left and transverse stiffness increased linearly as septal artery perfusion pressure increased. The dependence of both the in-plane stress-strain relations and transverse stiffness on perfusion was significantly decreased following embolisation. CONCLUSIONS Myocardial tissue stiffness is directly related to perfusion. The linear relationship between transverse stiffness and perfusion makes it easier to assess the effects of perfusion on tissue stiffness than with in-plane stress-strain relations. Perfusion of capillaries and/or venules is largely responsible for these alterations in myocardial stiffness.
Phase reversal of somatosensory evoked potentials triggered by gracilis tract stimulation: case report of a new technique for neurophysiologic dorsal column mapping.

BACKGROUND AND IMPORTANCE : Reliable visual identification of the median raphae, essential for the preservation of function of the posterior dorsal columns during intramedullary spinal cord tumor resection, is not possible in many cases, because of distorted local anatomy. In such cases, intraoperative neurophysiologic mapping of the dorsal columns offers invaluable information to the surgeon, and guides the myelotomy. We hereby describe such a new technique. CLINICAL PRESENTATION : A 41-year-old man with a C3-C4 intramedullary spinal cord tumor underwent successful myelotomy and tumor resection. Dorsal column mapping was performed by use of an 8-contact minielectrode strip placed on the dorsal spinal cord. Direct electrical stimulation was applied via 2 adjacent contacts of the strip at a time, in an attempt to stimulate in succession the left and right dorsal columns. Somatosensory evoked potentials (SSEPs) were recorded after each stimulation, via scalp electrodes. A sharp change in polarity of the recorded scalp SSEPs (phase reversal) indicated when the stimulation of the opposite dorsal column occurred. Myelotomy was performed in between the minielectrode contacts identified as being situated closest to the raphe. The posterior tibial SSEPs were continuously monitored during and after myelotomy and until the dura closure. No changes from premyelotomy SSEPs were present. Postoperatively, the patient had preservation of the posterior column function. CONCLUSION : SSEP phase-reversal technique is a promising new method to identify the neurophysiologic midline in intramedullary tumor resection. Fast and easy to perform, its final role in neurophysiologic dorsal column mapping awaits confirmation in future applications.
Waveguide-Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy Using a Mesoporous Silica Sorbent Layer for Volatile Organic Compound (VOC) Sensing

We report a Raman sensor for broadband vapor-phase volatile organic compounds (VOCs)based on SiN waveguides functionalized with a mesoporous silica top-cladding. A detection limit below 1000ppm is demonstrated and scaling to trace-gas-levels is discussed. © 2019 The Author(s)
Mechanisms of increased acid secretion after eradication of Helicobacter pylori infection

Eradication of Helicobacter pylori infection leads to recovery of gastric acid secretion in some individuals but the mechanism is not fully understood. In the short term, there is an impressive increase in expression of H+/K+-ATPase pumps without an increase in the number of parietal cells. Longer follow up studies are needed to see if the parietal cell mass eventually recovers.
Combinatory Programming and Combinatorial Analysis

The principal purpose of this paper is to illustrate by means of simple examples a technique for deriving programs and generating functions from set descriptions. The paper discusses certain interesting correspondences among types of trees, which follow from the use of the technique, and it demonstrates close connections between programming techniques and some aspects of combinatorial theory.