Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A review on the mechanical and thermal properties of graphene and graphene-based polymer nanocomposites: understanding of modelling and MD simulation

ABSTRACT Simulation of molecular dynamics (MD) allows mimicking the systematic variation of mechanical properties beyond the capacity of experimental methods. In this review, the status of the molecular modelling, simulation and mechanical and thermal characterisation of graphene and the properties of bulk nanocomposites using MD are extensively examined. The molecular models of graphene (pristine and functionalised), and the most common epoxy matrix with preeminent MD energy minimisation tools are thoroughly examined. The presence of MD’s simulation setup and the computational procedure for different styles of mixing the polymer matrix with graphene as nanofiller are exhaustively reviewed. In particular, in the analysis of several papers on graphene and their composites, it has been noticed that mechanical, thermal and interfacial properties are ubiquitous to most of the engineering applications. In this review, advances in the molecular modelling and simulation of graphene and their composites has been discussed in detail keeping graphene structures, aspect ratio, weight fraction and density effect as major factors. Finally, the research gaps and future scope are discussed, which indeed helps the researchers in scaling up their researches in graphene and their composites, which may further lead to their experimental findings.
Resistência antimicrobiana de amostras de Staphylococcus aureus isoladas de recém-nascidos saudáveis

Oxacillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus is a major pathogen associated with the etiology of nosocomial infections. Transmission of S.aureus may occur in newborns during delivery, however, it can also occur through contact with relatives, healthcare professionals and the environment. This study was carried out in a University hospital from February to April of 2007, in order to investigate the frequency of S.aureus nasal carriers among healthy newborns; the profile of susceptibility of isolated species to the antibiotics usually administered in clinical practice; and to identify the presence of gene which encodes resistance to Oxacillin (mecA gene). Staphylococcus aureus was isolated in 45 (90%), out of the 50 subjects investigated. Oxacillin resistance, determined by measuring the Minimum Inhibitory Concentration, was observed in 5 samples (11.1%). In 4 of the samples analyzed (80%), it was detected the presence of the mecA gene. Therefore, healthcare professionals are advised to take particular attention in order to identify the bearers/carriers of S. aureus , since such professionals are directly involved in providing care to patients; thus they must take precautions to control and prevent the germ spread.
Design and analysis of optical Y-splitters based on two-dimensional photonic crystal ring resonator

The power splitters are widely used in optical communication systems which are employed to distribute the input power into the output ports equally without any radiation or reflection losses. The proposed two-dimensional photonic crystal based power splitters are designed on a square lattice of circular silicon rods. In this work, 1×2, 1×3, 1×4 and 1×6 power splitters are proposed and designed. Except 1×2 splitter, the other three structures have a common diamond shaped structure of rods at the junction of the splitting region. The PBG of the devices are analyzed by the Plane Wave Expansion (PWE) method and their performance characteristics such as wavelength and transmission efficiency are…
EXPERIENCE WITH 68 GIRLS WITH TURNER'S SYNDROME AND EVALUATION OF FINAL HEIGHT IN 26 PATIENTS TREATED WITH GROWTH HORMONE IN COMBINATION OR WITHOUT OXANDROLONE

Pediatrics Endocrine Department, Imam Khomeini Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. hort stature is a common feature in Turner’s syndrome; (TS) final height in untreated patients is on average 20cm below the population mean for adult women. When recombinant growth hormone (GH) became available, supraphysiologic GH doses with or without oxandrolone (OX) were administrated in order to improve growth in patients wih TS in several studies S
Anticoagulation therapy in acute coronary syndromes according to current guidelines

Appropriate anticoagulant treatment, together with antiplatelet co-therapy, plays an important role in effective treatment of patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS). There is a wide range of anticoagulants, from the oldest therapeutic agent – unfractionated heparin (UFH) – through low-molecularweight heparin (LMWH), to selective inhibitors of factor Xa such as fondaparinux and direct inhibitors of thrombin such as bivalirudin. Patients with ACS require different anticoagulation therapy depending on treatment strategy. Individualization of anticoagulation therapy includes stratification of both the risk of bleeding and the risk of ischaemic complications. Current guidelines generally recommend comparable anticoagulant strategy; however, there are some differences in indications, classes of recommendation and levels of evidence of anticoagulants. This article summarizes current guidelines on anticoagulation therapy in acute coronary syndrome with or without persistent ST-segment elevation.
Melatonin ve Antioksidan Etkileri

Cok eski zamanlardan beri varligi bilinmesine ragmen pineal bezden salgilanan temel hormon olan melatoninin biyosentezi ve kimyasal yapisi ancak 1958’de Lerner tarafindan ortaya konulabilmistir. Melatonin gece boyunca en yuksek konsantrasyonda organizmada karsilasilan sirkadiyen duzenleme ve uyku kontrolunden sorumludur. Kanda sirkadiyen bir ritim gosterir, gece degerleri ise gunduz seviyelerinden oldukca yuksektir. Melatoninin diger onemli fonksiyonunun son derece guclu serbest bir radikal temizleyici oldugu dusunulmektedir. Melatonin hem reaktif oksijen turlerini hem de reaktif azot turlerini etkisiz hale getirebilir. Melatoninin ayni zamanda cok toksik olan hidroksil radikalini, peroksi nitrit anyonu ve peroksil radikalini yakaladigi bilinmektedir. Melatonin bazi yerlerde bir prooksidatif enzim olan nitrik oksit sentetazi da inhibe etmektedir. Ayrica superoksit dismutaz enzimi icin mRNA duzeyini situmule etmekte ve glutatyon peroksidaz, glutatyon reduktaz ve glukoz-6 fosfat dehidrojenazi aktive ettigi de bilinmektedir. Derlemenin amaci hem in vivo hem de in vitro yapilan deneyler sonucunda melatoninin cok guclu bir antioksidan oldugunun onemini bir kez daha vurgulamaktir.
Pattern of complications and comorbidities among diabetic patients in a tertiary healthcare center in Nigeria

Background: The prevalence of diabetes mellitus (DM) among Nigerian adults is increasing. Besides the well-recognized microvascular complications of diabetes, there is also a growing epidemic of macrovascular complications. Patients with diabetes may not only have diabetes-related complications but may also have nondiabetes-related comorbidities. Aim: To determine the pattern of chronic diabetic complications and coexisting morbidities in patients attending the diabetic outpatient clinic of a tertiary health care center in Nigeria and the factors associated with the presence of complications. Materials and Methods: This was a cross-sectional descriptive survey carried out among patients attending the follow-up diabetic clinic of a tertiary health care center in Nigeria over a 3-month period. A systematic random sampling method was used and 422 eligible patients were selected and interviewed using pretested interviewer-administered questionnaires, after written informed consent was obtained. Data were analyzed using Epi Info statistical package version 3.5. 1. developed by Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) in Atlanta Georgia (USA). Results: Of the 422 patients interviewed, 400 (247 females and 153 males) had complete data for analysis. Eighty-eight patients had comorbidities, and the commonest was hypertension in 63 (71.6%). Out of the 61 patients who had complications, the majority, that is, 39 (63.9%) had eye complications. Factors significantly associated with the presence of diabetic complications were the duration of diabetes, marital status, and the presence of diabetic comorbidities. Conclusion: The frequency of diabetic complications and comorbidities is quite high in the patients studied. There is a need to improve the standard of care of patients and to ensure optimal blood glucose control. This will go a long way in reducing the frequency of complications and comorbidities.
Safeguarding Self-Governance: A Grounded Theory of Older Patients' Pattern of Behavior in Relation to their Relatives in Fast-track Programs

The aim of this study was to generate a grounded theory of older patients’ pattern of behavior in relation to their relatives’ involvement in fast-track programs during total joint replacement. Sixteen patients were recruited in orthopedic wards. Data collection included 11 interviews with patients and 15 non-participant observations of interactions between patients, relatives, and health professionals during scheduled meetings throughout the fast-track program. The constant comparative method was used for simultaneous data collection, data analysis, and coding. Safeguarding self-governance emerged in the analysis as the core category of our theory and pattern of behavior of the older patients in relation to their relatives. The older patients’ main concern was to complete the fast-track program while maintaining autonomy, which they resolved through four strategies of actions: embracing, shielding, distancing, and masking.
MWCNTs-Fe2O3nanoparticle nanohybrid-based highly sensitive electrochemicalsensor for the detection of kaempferol in broccoli samples

This work reports an electrochemical sensor with a modified glassy carbon electrode for the detection of kaempferol. The method was tailored by the immobilization of multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) assimilated with Fe$_{2}$O$_{3}$ nanoparticles (NPs) onto the electrode surface to detect kaempferol using differential pulse voltammetry. Thermogravimetric, transmission electron microscopic, cyclic, and differential voltammetric techniques were employed to characterize the developed electrochemical sensor. The kaempferol produces an anodic quasireversible peak at pH 6.6 in phosphate buffer with Fe$_{2}$O$_{3}$NPs/MWCNTs/GCE. The current of the anodic peak at 0.32 V increases linearly upon addition of kaempferol standard, resulting in Ip($\mu $A) = 1.577($\mu $M) $+$ 1.347 (R$^{2}$ = 0.9930). The limits of detection and limits of quantification were found to be 0.53 $\mu $M and 1.73 $\mu $M, respectively. Upon quantitative analysis of kaempferol in broccoli samples, it was found to be 3.78 $\mu $g g$^{-1}$ with an average percent recovery of 99.55%. The findings of this study identify the efficient catalytic property as a major contributor in the electron-transferring capacity from the electrode surface to the analyte, with promising possibilities of designing a highly sensitive electrochemical sensor for food industry applications.
Coincidence of right adrenal vein and retroaortic left renal vein variations in a patient undergoing laparoscopic adrenalectomy

Bu olguda, laparoskopik sag adrenalektomi sirasinda karsilasilan dikkate deger sag adrenal ven varyasyonu ile birlikte renovaskuler varyasyonu sunmayi amacladik. Altmis sekiz yasinda bayan hasta, sag adrenal kitle tanisi ile tedavi amacli klinigimize yatirildi. Batin tomografisinde sag adrenal bezde 3x4.5x3. 5 cm boyutlarinda solid kitle ve retroaortik sol renal ven tespit edildi. Hastaya laparoskopik transabdominal sag adrenalektomi planlandi. Laparoskopik eksplorasyon sirasinda adrenal bezden vena cava inferiora venoz drenaj izlenmedi. Disseksiyon tamamlandiginda sag adrenal venin aksesuar sag hepatik vene acildigi goruldu. Adrenal ven varyasyonlari ile iliskili sol retroaortik renal ven varyasyonu literaturde birkac yayinda rapor edilmekle birlikte, aksesuar sag hepatik vene acilan sag adrenal ven varyasyonu ile sol retroaortik renal ven varyasyon kombinasyonu cok daha nadir gorulen bir durumdur
Structural Variation and Enzymatic Susceptibility of Collagen Fibril Extracted from Native and Overloaded Tail Tendons

xiii LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS USED . xiv ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS . xv CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION . 1 1.1 MOTIVATION . 1 1.2 OBJECTIVE . 2 1.3 COLLAGEN FIBRIL STRUCTURE . 2 1.3. 1 Collagen protein family . 2 1.3. 2 Molecular structure of collagen I . 3 1.3. 3 Fibrillogenesis and fibril structure . 4 1.3. 4 Lateral fibril structure . 5 1.4 THERMAL STABILITY OF COLLAGNE MOLECULES AND FIBRILS . 7 1.4. 1 Primary sequence and quaternary structure based thermal stability . 8 1.4. 2 Fibril formation stabilizes the collagen molecules . 10 1.5 THE ONSET OF THERMAL DENATURATION OF COLLAGEN MOLECULES AND FIBRILS . 11 1.5. 1 Collagen crosslinking as part of fibrillogenesis and aging . 13 1.6 COLLAGENOUS HIERARCHICAL STRUCTURE OF TENDON AND MECHANICAL PROPERTIES . 14 1.6. 1 Uniaxial loading behaviour of tendon . 16 1.6. 2 Loading parameters and tissue variations alter general mechanical response of tendon . 17
Physico-Chemical, Microbiological and Sensory Characteristics of Yogurt as Affected by Added Lactose

Enrichment of yogurt with lactose addition may increase the growth of the yogurt starter culture (Streptococcus thermophilus and Lactobacillus delbrueckii ssp. bulgaricus) and enhance yogurt physico-chemical and sensory attributes. The objectives of this study were to determine the influence of added lactose on the 1) physico-chemical characteristics, including the final lactose content of yogurt, during its shelf life; 2) growth of the yogurt starter culture over yogurt shelf life and 3) the sensory attributes of yogurt. Fat free plain set-type yogurt was manufactured using 0%, 1%, 3% and 5% w/w added lactose to accomplish objectives 1 and 2. For objective 3, a blueberry yogurt was manufactured using the same lactose levels. Analyses for plain set-type yogurt were conducted at 7 days intervals during 35 days of storage. Sensory evaluation was conducted on flavored yogurt three days after its manufacture. Data were analyzed using Proc Mixed model of SAS® 9.3 program. Significant differences between means were analyzed at α = 0.05 using Tukey adjustment. Lactose addition influenced some of the yogurt characteristics in a positive manner. Lactose contents of yogurts with lactose added at 1%, 3% and 5% stayed higher in that proportion than control throughout the 35 days of storage. Yogurts containing 5% w/w added lactose had the lowest pH. Yogurts containing 5% w/w added lactose had significantly the highest syneresis values compared to 0%, 1% and 3% w/w added lactose during storage period at day 7 and from day 21 onwards. Use of 5% w/w added lactose resulted in significantly higher counts of Streptococcus thermophilus compared to control and this bacterial survival was the highest for 1% w/w added lactose compared to the rest. The overall liking scores indicated that yogurts containing added lactose were preferred over control. For taste, sourness and sweetness samples containing added lactose had higher scores than control. The consumer acceptability of yogurts increased as lactose addition increased. The acceptability of yogurts and purchase intent frequency scores markedly increased with the addition of lactose.
Kinetic and thermodynamic properties of purified alkaline protease from Bacillus pumilus Y7 and non‐covalent immobilization to poly(vinylimidazole)/clay hydrogel

The characterization of the hydrogel was performed using Fourier‐transform infrared spectroscopy, X‐ray diffraction, and scanning electron microscopy. Purified Bacillus pumilus Y7‐derived alkaline protease was immobilized in Poly (vinylimidazole)/clay (PVI/SEP) hydrogel with 95% yield of immobilization. Immobilization decreased the pH optimum from 9 to 6 for free and immobilized enzyme, respectively. Temperature optimum 3°C decreased for immobilized enzyme. The Km, Vm, and kcat of immobilized enzyme were 4.4, 1.7, and 7.5‐fold increased over its free counterpart. Immobilized protease retained about 65% residual activity for 16th reuse. The immobilized protease endured its 35% residual activity in the material after six cycle's batch applications. The results of thermodynamic analysis for casein hydrolysis showed that the ΔG≠ (activation free energy) and ΔG≠E‐T (activation free energy of transition state formation) obtained for the immobilized enzyme decreased in comparison to those obtained for the free enzyme. On the other hand, the value of ΔG≠ES (free energy of substrate binding) was observed to have increased. These results indicate an increase in the spontaneity of the biochemical reaction post immobilization. Enthalpy value of immobilized enzyme that was 2.2‐fold increased over the free enzyme indicated lower energy for the formation of the transition state, and increased ΔS≠ value implied that the immobilized form of the enzyme was more ordered than its free form.
Synthesis of Magnetic Nanoparticles Using Potato Extract for Dye Degradation: A Green Chemistry Experiment

Systems thinking is highly desirable for re-imagining chemistry education, which will help in the development of an integrated and sustainable approach that takes into account the interdependence of a system under study with other components of the ecosystem rather than practicing a fragmented approach. Thus, to develop a systems’ perspective into the minds of early researchers, we propose a safe, convenient, and reliable two sessions laboratory experiment in which students synthesize magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) using plant-derived potato extract as a green reaction medium and as both reducing and stabilizing agent. The synthesized MNPs are effectively utilized in the degradation of rhodamine B dye under ultrasonic radiation and using H2O2 as an oxidant. Further, the recyclability of MNPs was tested in successive runs. The described experiment has also been performed by numerous undergraduate students and is well appreciated by them. The former synthetic experiment gives students an introduction and hands on experience to nanotechnology through nanoparticle synthesis. While the later describes practical applications of nanotechnology in wastewater treatment, thereby reinforcing basic chemical principles and instrumentation techniques (such as FT-IR and UV–vis spectrophotometry) through environmental remediation. To foster students’ higher order thinking skills, a systems thinking hierarchical model has also been proposed. It is believed that this context-based learning approach opens a door for re-imagining chemistry education and will help educate students and society in a more effective manner.
PREVALENCE OF CIGARETTE SMOKING, ALCOHOL DRINKING AND ILLEGAL DRUGS USE AMONG IRANIAN ADOLESCENTS

Abstract: Background & Aims: Substance abuse by adolescents is one of the most important health challenges throughout the world. This study was performed to estimate the prevalence of cigarette smoking, alcohol drinking and illegal drugs use among Iranian adolescents. Method: A total of 2538 secondary and high school students were selected through cluster sampling from 10 provinces in Iran and were surveyed in regard to using alcohol, tobacco and other drugs through two questionnaires of the statue of drug use and risk and protective factors of drug use. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and multiple logistic regression. Results: Of all students aged 13–18 years, 18.8% (7.5% of females and 29.8% of males) reported using at least one drug in their lifetime. Tobacco (14.7%) and Alcohol (9.8%) were the most prevalent used drugs. Prevalence rate of using other illicit drugs was 2.5%. There were clear gender and age differences in the prevalence of illicit drug use, in a way that more males than females reported illicit drug use (OR=4.5) and the lifetime prevalence of illicit drug use increased with age (OR=5.4). Finally, poor academic achievement (OR=3.3) and family history of drug abuse (OR=1.3) showed significant relationships with use of other illicit drugs by adolescents. Conclusion: According to this study, soft drugs (Alcohol, cigarette) are more prevalent than other drugs among Iranian students. Since cigarette smoking and alcohol drinking are gateways for using other drugs, preventive programs should be aimed at reducing use of them in lower ages. Keywords: Epidemiology, Alcoholic beverages, Tobacco, Illegal drugs, Adolescents, Iran » XML
Effects of goal-setting skills and peer-modeling on human capacity development : a study of SS11 students in Enugu State, Nigeria

This paper examines the effects of goal-setting skills and peer-modeling on Nigerian students' self-efficiency. 270 Senior Secondary 11 (SS11) students selected from three public secondary schools in Enugu, Agbani and Udi zones of Enugu State, Nigeria, were used. Data collected were analyzed using one way Analysis of Covariance (ANCOVA). Four new models - conceptual, systematic goal-setting with specific skills, peer-modeling and mathematical models - were developed to enhance the training on self-efficacy. Three research hypotheses were formulated and tested at 0.05 level of significance. Descriptive survey and quasi-experimental pre-test, post-test control group designs were adopted for the study. The findings showed that goal setting skills and peer-modeling improved participants' self-efficacy. The research is an attempt to address the growing interest in the investigative study on the declining standard of education in Nigeria. It is expected that this study should give more visibility and perhaps suggest the best way to overcome students' low level of self-efficacy which has become a source of concern to parents, students, teachers and the society at large.
Production of Super Clean Coal (SCC) from coal fines with organic reagents

ABSTRACT In this study, vegetable oils (sunflower and eucalyptus oil) and organic acids (citric and formic acid) were used for the super clean coal production. Sunflower oil as collector and eucalyptus oil as frother were used in flotation tests, and the coal fines ash was reduced from 29.67% to 6.10%. The clean coal was then leached with citric acid and formic acid at 65°C for 3 h and 2.92–2.98% ash super clean coal was produced. It was shown in this study that super clean coal can be produced with a completely organic process without grinding the coal fines. With this process, more than 90% of the mineral content of coal fines was removed. However, the use of high amounts of organic reagents in the SCC process is seen as a major handicap.