Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
METHOD AND TEST KIT FOR DETECTING NUCLEOTIDE VARIATIONS TECHNICAL FIELD OF INVENTION

Correspondence Address: The present invention is related to a method for a simulta ARENT FOX LLP OUS determination of the relative amounts of more than one 1050 CONNECTICUT AVENUE. N.W. SUTE target polynucleotide sequence and nucleotide variations in 400 9 9 said ES t El 1S sh R E. s recording Single-stranded probes, which have hybrid1zed to WASHINGTON, DC 20036 (US) the targets and which are determined and distinguished by (73) Assignee: VALTON TEKNILLINEN their defined properties including size and optional detectable TUTKIMUSKEKUS, Espoo (FI) label. The probes are complementary to a region in the target s that has a sequence being contiguous to the nucleotide varia (21) Appl. No.: 12/034,145 tions to be determined. After being hybridized with affinity tagged targets, the probes are attached to a solid Support and (22) Filed: Feb. 20, 2008 purified. The target probe hybrids are elongated using enzyme-assisted elongations. The elongated probes are Related U.S. Application Data recorded after release from the solid supports and the amount of each of the targets and their nucleotide variations and the (60) Provisional application No. 60/902,361, filed on Feb. ratio of modified and modified target polynucleotide 21, 2007. sequences are calculated from the recorded results. Also dis O O closed is a test kit, which kit comprises in a packaged form Publication Classification devices equipments and reagents as well as instructions for (51) Int. Cl. carrying out the method. The method is useful for several C4OB 2.0/04 (2006.01) diagnostic purposes.
Perceptual structure of everyday sounds: A multidimensional scaling approach

The present study was designed to provide insight into the perceptual structure of everyday sounds. A large stimulus set of 74 sounds was used to gather sorting data, attribute ratings, and acoustic measurements for analysis using multidimensional scaling solutions (MDS). Correlations between and among the acoustic measurements and attribute ratings were as expected. The resulting MDS solution with regressed vectors for attribute ratings and acoustic measurements reveals a well-defined 3dimensional perceptual structure for this stimulus set. Dimension 1 is defined by 5 perceptual attributes and 3 acoustic measures; Dimension 2 is explained by 1 perceptual attribute and 1 acoustic measure; and finally Dimension 3 is characterized by 3 perceptual attributes and 1 acoustic measurement. Information about perceptual structure can be used by researchers to increase basic knowledge about how people perceive the relationships among everyday sounds as well as by designers of virtual reality environments to assist in developing algorithms for realistic synthesized sounds.
The management of culture: professional challenges of managing narratives and brands in a changing cultural environment.

This paper explores the relations between culture, consumer behavior and management, introducing a new perspective for the study of culture, in order to activate better relationship strategies between brands and their audiences. The objective is to understand the instrumentalization of culture and behavior changes, resulting in a better creation and management of cultural symbols and narratives. The ability to create and to imprint meanings in new products, services and pieces of communication, requires a gifted professional not only in the field of brand management, but also on the study of culture and emerging mindset and behavior trends. In this sense, this paper explores the role of this professional, the Chief Culture Officer (COO), and how he can benefit from the application and the development of trends studies.
Adverse conditions improve distinguishability of auditory, motor, and perceptuo-motor theories of speech perception: An exploratory Bayesian modelling study

In this paper, we put forward a computational framework for the comparison between motor, auditory, and perceptuo-motor theories of speech communication. We first recall the basic arguments of these three sets of theories, either applied to speech perception or to speech production. Then we expose a unifying Bayesian model able to express each theory in a probabilistic way. Focusing on speech perception, we demonstrate that under two hypotheses, regarding communication noise and inter-speaker variability, providing perfect conditions for speech communication, motor, and auditory theories are indistinguishable. We then degrade successively each hypothesis to study the distinguishability of the different theories in “adverse” conditions. We first present simulations on a simplified implementation of the model with mono-dimensional sensory and motor variables, and secondly we consider a simulation of the human vocal tract providing more realistic auditory and articulatory variables. Simulation results allow us to emphasise the respective roles of motor and auditory knowledge in various conditions of speech perception in adverse conditions, and to suggest some guidelines for future studies aiming at assessing the role of motor knowledge in speech perception.
Longer and Heavier Vehicles for freight transport

The European Commission is considering to allow the use of Mega-Trucks (abbreviated as MTs in this study), vehicles measuring up to 25.25 m and weighing up to 60t, for the whole of the European Union transport system. Such trucks are already in circulation in Finland and Sweden, while several member states are considering their introduction. The analysis of the impacts of mega-trucks is quite complicated since it entails the adoption of assumptions concerning the technical characteristics of future mega-trucks, the evaluation of costs at truck level, the estimation of the repercussions on costs for the transported goods, the prediction of the market share of mega-trucks and the calculation of the external impacts, including environmental damage, accidents and wear and tear. This study collected data on the technical and economic characteristics of mega-trucks and carried out a Monte Carlo analysis in order to take the uncertainty of the main influencing factors into acount. The result was a range of potentail costs and benefits. The impacts of the introduction of mega-trucks at EU level can be positive in both economic and environmental terms. The increased payloads per vehicle are expected to reduce transport costs and lead to significant savings for operators, industry and consumers. Since fewer trucks would be required to transport the same volume of trade, the environmental and other external costs of freight transport would also be lower, even though an individual mega-truck consumes and pollutes more than a conventional truck.
The Use of Honeynets to Detect Exploited Systems Across the Wireless Networks

Any to internet is target of hackers and intruders. Every organization/institution system connected uses some kind of network security software to protect its data from unauthorized use. Software’s used by organization/institution are antivirus firewall etc. There are many types of services that are run on organization/institution networks and it is important to detect intrusion. Due to large bandwidth, monitoring is very hard and impossible. In developing, where the cyber-crimes are very easy to commit and there are not very strong lows Honeynet scheme, is use to help system administrator in detecting intrusion or malicious content. Honey net is so proposed solution because it helps in understanding the intention and ways attacker use to compromise security systems. In this paper a basic honeynet framework is proposed.
The Impact of Strategic Management Accounting Techniques in Taking Investment Decisions in the Jordanian Industrial Companies

This research aimed to identify the impact of strategic management accounting techniques in taking investment decisions in the Jordanian industrial companies. The population of the study included all the Jordanian industrial companies while the sample consisted of (93) respondents from the investors and financial mediators in Amman stock market. The research revealed the presence of an effect of the strategic management accounting techniques with its variables (target costing, balanced scorecard, just in time production system) in taking investment decisions in the Jordanian industrial companies. In the light of the results, the researcher presented a number of recommendations, most prominently: using the strategic management accounting techniques by the Jordanian industrial companies and caring for its different fields to be able to interact and respond to the environmental, social and economic variables.
Population genetics of Australian white sharks reveals fine-scale spatial structure, transoceanic dispersal events and low effective population sizes

Despite international protection of white sharks Carcharodon carcharias, important conservation parameters such as abundance, population structure and genetic diversity are largely unknown. The tissue of 97 predominately juvenile white sharks sampled from spatially distant eastern and southwestern Australian coastlines was sequenced for the mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) control region and genotyped with 6 nuclear-encoded microsatellite loci. MtDNA population structure was found between the eastern and southwestern coasts (F-ST = 0.142, p < 0.0001), implying female reproductive philopatry. This concurs with recent satellite and acoustic tracking findings which suggest the sustained presence of discrete east coast nursery areas. Furthermore, population subdivision was found between the same regions with biparentally inherited micro satellite markers (F-ST = 0.009, p < 0.05), suggesting that males may also exhibit some degree of reproductive philopatry; 5 sharks captured along the east coast had mtDNA haplotypes that resembled western Indian Ocean sharks more closely than Australian/New Zealand sharks, suggesting that transoceanic dispersal, or migration resulting in breeding, may occur sporadically. Our most robust estimate of contemporary genetic effective population size was low and close to thresholds at which adaptive potential may be lost. For a variety of reasons, these contemporary estimates were at least 1, possibly 2, orders of magnitude below our historical effective size estimates. Population decline could expose these genetically isolated populations to detrimental genetic effects. Regional Australian white shark conservation management units should be implemented until genetic population structure, size and diversity can be investigated in more detail.
Polysulfone/Cellulose Acetate Butyrate Environmentally Friendly Blend to minimize the Impact of UV Radiation

An eco-friendly transparent blend for ultraviolet and visible light rays from polysulfone (PSF) and cellulose acetate butyrate (CAB) was prepared by melting and re-molding. Some optical, mechanical, thermal and morphological properties of the blend were studied by means of UV-Vis spectroscopy, dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), scanning electron microscope (SEM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD). The UV-Vis spectroscopy results showed that the blend became more transparent in the ultraviolet region with an increase in CAB concentration, especially at the damage threshold (268 nm). The preferable blend sample contained 0.2% w/w CAB in the PSF/CAB blend, signifying low ultraviolet light absorption while preserving the transparency of the blend. The results also demonstrated that the amount of 0.2% CAB in PSF increased the modulus and thermal stability while decreasing the value of the glass transition temperature.
The role of endocannabinoids in classical eyelid conditioning

IX INDEX XI AGRADECIMENTOS XIII ABBREVIATIONS LIST XV FIGURES AND TABLES INDEX XVII INTRODUCTION 1 Classical Eyeblink Conditioning 2 Classical Conditioning 2 Classical Conditioning of the Eyelid 2 Cellular circuit of the cerebellum 5 Circuits Involved in Eyeblink Conditioning 5 Sites of plasticity and components of the Behavior 7 Endocannabinoids and plasticity at the cerebellum 11 Endocannabinoid synthesis and release 11 Endocannabinoid receptors 13 Endocannabinoid signaling and plasticity 13 The role of endocannabinoids in eyeblink conditioning 16 OBJECTIVES 19 METHODS 21 Animals 21 Global KO 21 Conditional KO 21 Head fix implant surgery 22 Setup 24 Conditions 26 Habituation sessions 26 Acquisition/ Training 27 Test sessions 27
It only took 2 clicks and he'd lost me: Dimensions of inclusion and exclusion in ICT supported tertiary engineering education

This paper reports on a qualitative case study of a compulsory Engineering foundations course at the University of Waikato, Hamilton, New Zealand and was part of a larger-scale investigation of ICT/elearning across multiple disciplines. The study investigated pedagogical issues related to the uptake and adoption of CAD software (SolidWorks) within an Engineering course in which different student cohorts studied together. Our discussion focuses on the multidimensional nature of ICT equity and has implications for the creation of more inclusive digital learning environments. The paper is not concerned with learning outcomes, but rather focuses on how different cohorts reacted to using CAD software as a tool for learning basic engineering design concepts.
Training, clinical medication review performance and self-assessed competence: investigating influences

The aim of the study was to evaluate the influence of community pharmacists’ training performance on providing clinical medication reviews, and the influence of their training and medication review performances on their self-assessed competence in two Primary Care Trusts (PCT) in England. Data were collected on training and medication reviews, and a postal survey, developed to measure pharmacists’ self-assessed competence, was administered. Simple regression was used to predict medication review performance and multiple regression to predict self-assessed competence. The better the pharmacists’ performance in Pharmaceutical care planning module, the better their performance in suggesting actions to solve drug related problems (DRPs) in medication reviews. In addition, the better the pharmacists’ performance in suggesting actions to solve DRPs, the poorer their self-assessed competence in “delivery of patient care” competency cluster. While the training supported the provision of medication reviews, pharmacists may need more continuous, individual support and feedback to further develop their ability to self-assess competence.
Nanocomposites based on polyethylene and nanocrystalline silicon films

High-strength polyethylene films containing 0.5-1.0 wt. % of nanocrystalline silicon (nc-Si) were synthesized. Samples of nc-Si with an average core diameter of 7-10 nm were produced by plasmochemical method and by laser-induced decomposition of monosilane. Spectral studies revealed almost complete (up to ~95 %) absorption of UV radiation in 200- 400 nm spectral region by 85 micron thick film if the nc-Si content approaches to 1.0 wt. %. The density function of particle size in the starting powders and polymer films containing immobilized silicon nanocrystallites were obtained using the modeling a complete profile of X-ray diffraction patterns, assuming spherical grains and the lognormal distribution. The results of X-ray analysis shown that the crystallite size distribution function remains almost unchanged and the crystallinity of the original polymer increases to about 10 % with the implantation of the initial nc-Si samples in the polymer matrix.
Oregon State University Mathematical and Computational Considerations of a Model of Microbiologically Induced Calcite Precipitation

In this paper, we discuss two possible modifications to a numerical solution method for a model of microbiologically induced calcite precipitation (MICP). MICP provides a means to seal cracks in the surfaces of geological structures. From a mathematical and computational point of view MICP has very interesting features which make it challenging for numerical solution methods to solve the system. First, there are multiple sensitivities to every element of the system, and computational approximations to the solutions to any part of the system can effect the solution of this part very strongly. Second, a subset of the chemical reactions occur much faster than the remainder of the system. A solution method must use a fine discretization parameter to capture these dynamics, while the system must be solved on a large time scale in order for the calcite precipitation to occur. The third challenge with MICP is that some reaction terms are discontinuous, thus traditional numerical error bounds may not apply. In this paper, we discuss two possible modifications to a numerical solution method for a model of microbiologically induced calcite precipitation (MICP). MICP provides a means to seal cracks in the surfaces of geological structures. This process can be useful in the context of carbon sequestration where even minor fissures in the storage medium can compromise the isolation of the gas. From a mathematical and computational point of view MICP has very interesting features which make it challenging for numerical solution methods to solve the system. First, MICP models are very complex. There are multiple sensitivities to every element of the system, and computational approximations to the solutions to any part of the system can effect the solution of this part either very strongly, or not at all. Additionally, the effects can propagate to different parts of the system. Second, a subset of the chemical reactions occur much faster than the remainder of the system. A solution method must use a fine discretization parameter to capture these dynamics, while the system must be solved on a large time scale in order for the calcite precipitation to occur. An assumption that has been used to mitigate this problem is that the reactions occur fast enough that the ratio of products to reactants remains constant. Our proposed modification is to combine the fast reactions with physical conservation laws, posing them as a system of differential algebraic equations. The third challenge with MICP is that some reaction terms are discontinuous, thus traditional numerical error bounds may not apply. We propose to allow the precipitation rate to increase sharply on a neighborhood of the threshold instead of jumping from “off” to “on. ”
BENEFITS OF MOTOR AND/OR COGNITIVE EXERCISE: A REVIEW WITH RECOMMENDATIONS FOR THE THIRD AGE

Physical activity in the form of aerobic and resistance exercise, leading to a high level of cardio-respiratory fitness represents a strong non-pharmacological preventive tool against cognitive decline and thus the occurrence of neuro-degenerative diseases in the third age. However, the effects are even greater if such exercise is performed on regular basis in the form of simultaneous combination of a motor and additional cognitive task, dancing or interactive video dancing or as a body-mind meditative exercise like Tai Ji Quan. The aim of this article is a review of benefits of motor/cognitive exercise with recommendations for older adults. In the first part, the benefits and effects of physical activity and exercise on cognitive functions are reviewed. Physical activity and exercise have an important role in mitigating age-related structural and behavioral changes within the brain, increases BDNF levels in the hippocampus, enhances learning and neurogenesis in the hippocampal regions and optimizes spatial abilities. The second part is expanded onto the benefits and effects of combined motor and/or cognitive exercise on cognitive functions with recommendations. This combination of motor and/or cognitive exercise could be achieved so that both activities are performed separately, one after another, named “motor and cognitive exercise” , or simultaneously, named “motor-cognitive exercise” . Based on this premise, we divided the second part into three sub-topics: i) the effects of physical exercise/training followed by computerized and other forms of cognitive training, ii) the effects of simultaneously performed motor and cognitive exercise/training and iii) the effects of dancing, interactive video dancing and ancient body-mind meditative techniques. Studies suggest that a combination of mental and physical training may result in greater cognitive gains, namely in larger improvements in the executive control task and in the paired-associates task.
Investigation of the influence of crystal quality on Borrmann Spectroscopy

Investigation of the influence of crystal quality on Borrmann Spectroscopy. The goal of thesis is to apply the dynamical theory of X-ray diffraction for perfect crystals to mosaic crystals, which are composed of slightly misoriented blocks. For this purpose statistical methods were used for the description of crystal defects. This concept was combined with the diffraction theory and implemented in code. This program was used for numerical simulations of diffraction processes in transmission geometry by plane barium titanate crystals. The computed dependencies on defects for Borrmann spectroscopy satisfy the initial expectations for medium orders of crystal defects qualitatively.
Coherent and Diffusive Time Scales for Exciton Dissociation in Bulk Heterojunction Photovoltaic Cells

We study the dynamics of charge separation in bulk heterojunction organic photovoltaic systems in light of recent experimental observations that this process is characterized by multiple time scales in the range of 10 fs to 100 ps. Coherent evolution of the excitonic state has been suggested to dominate the early stages of the charge separation process and diffusion of localized excitons to be dominant at longer times. Both of these processes obviously depend on the system morphology, in particular on the grain sizes of the donor and acceptor phases. Here we analyze these mechanisms and their characteristic time scales, aiming to verify the consistency of the proposed mechanisms with the experimentally observed time scales of charge separation. We suggest that the coherent mechanism that dominates the early stage of charge separation involves delocalized excitons. These excitons are formed by optical excitation of clusters of strongly interacting donor sites, and the charge separation rate is determined b.
The Carrot and the Stick: Evidence on Voluntary Tax Compliance from a Pilot Field Experiment in Rwanda

Large-scale field experiments on tax compliance have been a thriving field of research in many regions of the world. However, Africa is still lagging behind, as administrative data from anonymised returns is available only in a handful of countries. To the best of our knowledge, there is as yet no published evidence of a tax field experiment from Africa. This paper reports the results of a pilot experiment in Rwanda that served as a stepping stone for a larger experimental study on tax compliance. In this pilot, we test the process of messaging taxpayers to encourage them to comply voluntarily, by providing information on sanctions. The results indicate that communication strategies that aim to inform taxpayers may be effective in increasing tax compliance. However, these results are only indicative. They will be complemented by further evidence from the larger field experiment, where we test different types of messages and delivery methods. Nonetheless, this paper provides some initial insight into the use of tax experiments in Africa, both in terms of initial evidence and lessons learned for future efforts in this field.