Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Qualidade do ovo de galinhas poedeiras criadas em galpões no semi-árido paraibano

The objective of this research was to evaluate production indexes for laying hens of the Lohamann lineage, under the summer and winter conditions of 2005, in Sao Jose da Mata district of Campina Grande, which is located in the Paraiban semi-arid region. 34.500 hens were used with ages of 32, 50, 60 and 71 weeks, and which were reared in four poultry houses. The production indexes (total production of eggs, egg weight, albumen weight, egg yolk weight, and rinds weight), geometric parameters (area and volume) and Haugh unit of egg were calculated as a function of hen age. The production indexes in all rearing systems followed the technical recommendations. The age of the hens influenced the indexes of total production, egg weight and also egg yolk weight. The highest production of eggs was obtained with the youngest birds. On the other hand, egg weight and the egg yolk weight were obtained with the oldest birds. The geometric parameters (volume and area) were not influenced by the age of the hens. According to Haugh unit index, the best evaluated hen eggs were the ones that were between 32 and 50 weeks.
Iterate & Cluster: Iterative Semi-Supervised Action Recognition

We propose a novel system for active semi-supervised feature-based action recognition. Given time sequences of features tracked during movements our system clusters the sequences into actions. Our system is based on encoder-decoder unsupervised methods shown to perform clustering by self-organization of their latent representation through the auto-regression task. These methods were tested on human action recognition benchmarks and outperformed non-feature based unsupervised methods and achieved comparable accuracy to skeleton-based supervised methods. However, such methods rely on K-Nearest Neighbours (KNN) associating sequences to actions, and general features with no annotated data would correspond to approximate clusters which could be further enhanced. Our system proposes an iterative semi-supervised method to address this challenge and to actively learn the association of clusters and actions. The method utilizes latent space embedding and clustering of the unsupervised encoder-decoder to guide the selection of sequences to be annotated in each iteration. Each iteration, the selection aims to enhance action recognition accuracy while choosing a small number of sequences for annotation. We test the approach on human skeleton-based action recognition benchmarks assuming that only annotations chosen by our method are available and on mouse movements videos recorded in lab experiments. We show that our system can boost recognition performance with only a small percentage of annotations. The system can be used as an interactive annotation tool to guide labeling efforts for 'in the wild' videos of various objects and actions to reach robust recognition.
Non-parallel voice conversion based on source-to-target direct mapping

Recent works of utilizing phonetic posteriograms (PPGs) for non-parallel voice conversion have significantly increased the usability of voice conversion since the source and target DBs are no longer required for matching contents. In this approach, the PPGs are used as the linguistic bridge between source and target speaker features. However, this PPG-based non-parallel voice conversion has some limitation that it needs two cascading networks at conversion time, making it less suitable for real-time applications and vulnerable to source speaker intelligibility at conversion stage. To address this limitation, we propose a new non-parallel voice conversion technique that employs a single neural network for direct source-to-target voice parameter mapping. With this single network structure, the proposed approach can reduce both conversion time and number of network parameters, which can be especially important factors in embedded or real-time environments. Additionally, it improves the quality of voice conversion by skipping the phone recognizer at conversion stage. It can effectively prevent possible loss of phonetic information the PPG-based indirect method suffers. Experiments show that our approach reduces number of network parameters and conversion time by 41.9% and 44.5%, respectively, with improved voice similarity over the original PPG-based method.
Feudal Steering: Hierarchical Learning for Steering Angle Prediction

We consider the challenge of automated steering angle prediction for self driving cars using egocentric road images. In this work, we explore the use of feudal networks, used in hierarchical reinforcement learning (HRL), to devise a vehicle agent to predict steering angles from first person, dash-cam images of the Udacity driving dataset. Our method, Feudal Steering, is inspired by recent work in HRL consisting of a manager network and a worker network that operate on different temporal scales and have different goals. The manager works at a temporal scale that is relatively coarse compared to the worker and has a higher level, task-oriented goal space. Using feudal learning to divide the task into manager and worker sub-networks provides more accurate and robust prediction. Temporal abstraction in driving allows more complex primitives than the steering angle at a single time instance. Composite actions comprise a subroutine or skill that can be re-used throughout the driving sequence. The associated subroutine id is the manager network’s goal, so that the manager seeks to succeed at the high level task (e.g. a sharp right turn, a slight right turn, moving straight in traffic, or moving straight unencumbered by traffic). The steering angle at a particular time instance is the worker network output which is regulated by the manager’s high level task. We demonstrate state-of-the art steering angle prediction results on the Udacity dataset.
A relational perspective on the Wigner-Araki-Yanase theorem

We present a novel interpretation of the Wigner-Araki-Yanase (WAY) theorem based on a relational view of quantum mechanics. Several models are analysed in detail, backed up by general considerations, which serve to illustrate that the moral of the WAY theorem may be that in the presence of symmetry, a measuring apparatus must fulfil the dual purpose of both reflecting the statistical behaviour of the system under investigation, and acting as a physical reference system serving to define those quantities which must be understood as relative.
A new measure for overfitting and its implications for backdooring of deep learning

Overfitting describes the phenomenon that a machine learning model fits the given data instead of learning the underlying distribution. Existing approaches are computationally expensive, require large amounts of labeled data, consider overfitting global phenomenon, and often compute a single measurement. Instead, we propose a local measurement around a small number of unlabeled test points to obtain features of overfitting. Our extensive evaluation shows that the measure can reflect the model's different fit of training and test data, identify changes of the fit during training, and even suggest different fit among classes. We further apply our method to verify if backdoors rely on overfitting, a common claim in security of deep learning. Instead, we find that backdoors rely on underfitting. Our findings also provide evidence that even unbackdoored neural networks contain patterns similar to backdoors that are reliably classified as one class.
Learning Energy-based Model with Flow-based Backbone by Neural Transport MCMC

Learning energy-based model (EBM) requires MCMC sampling of the learned model as the inner loop of the learning algorithm. However, MCMC sampling of EBM in data space is generally not mixing, because the energy function, which is usually parametrized by deep network, is highly multi-modal in the data space. This is a serious handicap for both the theory and practice of EBM. In this paper, we propose to learn EBM with a flow-based model serving as a backbone, so that the EBM is a correction or an exponential tilting of the flow-based model. We show that the model has a particularly simple form in the space of the latent variables of the flow-based model, and MCMC sampling of the EBM in the latent space, which is a simple special case of neural transport MCMC, mixes well and traverses modes in the data space. This enables proper sampling and learning of EBM.
Multi-View Graph Neural Networks for Molecular Property Prediction

The crux of molecular property prediction is to generate meaningful representations of the molecules. One promising route is to exploit the molecular graph structure through Graph Neural Networks (GNNs). It is well known that both atoms and bonds significantly affect the chemical properties of a molecule, so an expressive model shall be able to exploit both node (atom) and edge (bond) information simultaneously. Guided by this observation, we present Multi-View Graph Neural Network (MV-GNN), a multi-view message passing architecture to enable more accurate predictions of molecular properties. In MV-GNN, we introduce a shared self-attentive readout component and disagreement loss to stabilize the training process. This readout component also renders the whole architecture interpretable. We further boost the expressive power of MV-GNN by proposing a cross-dependent message passing scheme that enhances information communication of the two views, which results in the MV-GNN^cross variant. Lastly, we theoretically justify the expressiveness of the two proposed models in terms of distinguishing non-isomorphism graphs. Extensive experiments demonstrate that MV-GNN models achieve remarkably superior performance over the state-of-the-art models on a variety of challenging benchmarks. Meanwhile, visualization results of the node importance are consistent with prior knowledge, which confirms the interpretability power of MV-GNN models.
Effects of antidepressants on QT interval in people with mental disorders

Introduction Drug-induced QT prolongation is associated with higher cardiovascular mortality. Material and methods We conducted a protocol-based comprehensive review of antidepressant-induced QT prolongation in people with mental disorders. Results Based on findings from 47 published randomized controlled trials (RCTs), 3 unpublished RCTs, 14 observational studies, 662 case reports of torsades de pointes, and 168 cases of QT prolongation, we conclude that all antidepressants should be used only with licensed doses, and that all patients receiving antidepressants require monitoring of QT prolongation and clinical symptoms of cardiac arrhythmias. Large observational studies suggest increased mortality associated with all antidepressants (RR = 1.62, 95% CI: 1.60–1.63, number of adults: 1,716,552), high doses of tricyclic antidepressants (OR = 2.11, 85% CI 1.10–4.22), selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (OR = 2.78, 95% CI: 1.24–6.24), venlafaxine (OR = 3.73, 95% CI: 1.33–10.45, number of adults: 4,040), and nortriptyline (OR = 4.60, 95% CI: 1.20–18.40, number of adults: 5,298). Conclusions Evidence regarding the risk of QT prolongation in children is sparse.
Gender-related disparities in the treatment and outcomes in patients with non-ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction: results from the Polish Registry of Acute Coronary Syndromes (PL-ACS) in the years 2012–2014

Introduction Gender-related differences in the treatment of patients with non-ST elevation myocardial infarction (NSTEMI) have been reported in many previous studies despite the fact that an equal approach is recommended in all current guidelines. The aim of the study was to investigate whether gender-related discrepancies in the management of NSTEMI patients have changed. Material and methods Between 2012 and 2014 a total of 66,667 patients (38.3% of whom were women) with the final diagnosis of NSTEMI were included into the retrospective analysis of the Polish Registry of Acute Coronary Syndromes (PL-ACS). Differences in clinical profile, treatment, and outcomes were analysed. Results Women were older than men and more often had comorbidities. They were less likely to undergo coronary angiography (88.4% vs. 92.1%, p < 0.05) as well as percutaneous coronary intervention (59.6% vs. 71.9%, p < 0.05). In the general population women had also significantly worse in-hospital prognosis as well as in 12-month follow-up. After the age adjustment the outcomes in women were at least as good as in men. In multivariate analysis females had the same risk as men in-hospital RR = 1.02 (95% CI: 0.97–1.08, p = 0.45) and lower in 12-month observation RR = 0.94 (95% CI: 0.92–0.97, p < 0.0001). Conclusions In comparison with previous reports on NSTEMI patients, gender-related disparities in the treatment and outcomes were radically reduced. Unadjusted mortality rates were still higher in women as a consequence of their older age. After the age adjustment, mortality ratios were similar in both genders. The long-term prognosis seems to be even better in women.
Osteologic development of the viscerocranial skeleton in sea bream: alternative ossification strategies in teleost fish

The ontogeny of the viscerocranial skeleton of sea bream Sparus aurata larvae was studied from 1 to 90 days post-hatching. In the smallest specimens analysed at 2.7 mm L N no cephalic elements were present and at 3.1 mm L N the following cartilaginous structures were visible: trabecula cranii, auditory capsule, Meckel's cartilage, quadrate, hyosymplectic cartilage, sclerotic, hypohyal, ceratohyal epihyal cartilage, interhyal, hypobranchial 1 and ceratobranchial I, The only structure ossified at this size is the maxillary and the next ossified structures to appear are the preopercle and opercle at about 3.7 mm L N , The last bones to appear are infraorbital 2 and 6 at 15.1 mm L S . The first cartilaginous elements and structures to ossify in S. aurata appear to be related with functional requirements, so that structures involved directly in feeding and breathing generally appear and ossify before those that are not. The ontogeny of different regional structures revealed that generally the dermal bones ossify before the cartilage replacement bones. Comparison of S. aurata viscerocranial skeleton ontogeny with that of phylogenetically distant fish demonstrates that different ossification strategies exist in higher and lower teleost fish.
3D Hierarchically Mesoporous Zinc-Nickel-Cobalt Ternary Oxide (Zn0.6Ni0.8Co1.6O4) Nanowires for High-Performance Asymmetric Supercapacitors

Increased efforts have been devoted recently to develop high-energy-density supercapacitors (SC) without renouncing their power efficiency. Herein, a hierarchically mesoporous nanostructure of zinc-nickel-cobalt oxide (ZNCO) nanowires (NWs) is constructed by hierarchical aggregation of ZNCO nanoparticles. It is worth noting that cobalt and nickel rich lattice imparts higher charge storage capability by enhanced reversible Faradaic reaction while zinc provides structural stability and higher conductivity. Moreover, particulate nature of ZNCO NWs allows deep diffusion of electrolyte thus enabling reversible charge storage under higher current densities. The as-prepared ZNCO NWs exhibited excellent specific capacitance of 2082.21 F g−1 at the current density of 1 A g−1 with high stability up to 5,000 charge-discharge cycles. Further, the asymmetric SC device was assembled using ZNCO NWs (ZNCO NWs//MWCNTs) which exhibited high energy density of 37.89 Wh kg−1 and excellent capacitance retention up to 88.5% over 1,000 cycles. This work presents ways to construct multi-component high-energy-density materials for next-generation energy storage devices.
Above-ground net primary productivity in adjacent grassland and woodland on the coastal prairie of Texas, USA

Above-ground net primary productivity (ANPP) was measured over two growing seasons on adjacent grass- land and woodland plots in the wet coastal prairie of the upper Texas coast of the Gulf of Mexico (mean annual rainfall of 1200 mm). The woodland was a monospecific stand of the introduced tree, Sapium sebiferum, which is an aggressive invader of unburned grassland. Woodland ANPP, estimated from repeated measurements of tree diameters at breast height (DBH) and regressions of biomass components on DBH, was 1264 ? 27 g/m2. Grassland ANPP, calculated using a modifi- cation of the peak live standing crop method, was 462 + 49 g/ m2 on an unburned plot and 624 ? 63 g/m2 on a burned plot. Variation among years was not significant for either grassland or woodland plots. Grassland ANPP was lower than predicted from rainfall; woodland ANPP was in the range of rainfall- based predictions. Greater ANPP of the woodland may be related to canopy structure.
Isolation and Identification of Bacillus Strains with Antagonistic Properties against Film-forming Yeasts Overgrown in Low Salted Soybean Pastes

Soybean pastes with 8% (w/w) salinity were prepared instead of soybean paste with 14% (w/w) salinity to meet the growing demands of Korean`s low sodium diet. After aging, white films had appeared on the surface of all low-salted soybean pastes [8% (w/w) salinity] unlike high-salted soybean pastes [14% (w/w) salinity]. All of eight microbes isolated from the surface film were identified as Pichia kudriavzevii. Eleven Bacillus strains with good characteristics of fermentation were isolated from traditionally fermented soybean pastes in order to preserve their unique flavors and aromas after aging, and as a result of analyzing the biochemical characteristics and 16S rRNA sequences, those were identified as B. subtilis, B. licheniformis, and B. methylotrophicus. All of the Bacillus isolates had antagonistic activities against 8 isolates of the film-forming yeasts and harbored the genes for synthesis of antimicrobial surfactants including lichenysin and/or surfactin.
Leaf surface wetness in sorghum and resistance to shoot fly, Atherigona soccata: role of soil and plant water potentials

Summary In experiments with potted plants, the relationships between soil matric potential, plant water potential and production of water droplets (leaf surface wetness) on the folded central whorl leaf of seedlings of sorghum genotypes that are either resistant or susceptible to shoot fly (Atherigona soccata) damage were investigated. Differences in soil matric potentials in the pots affected the plant water status, which in turn had profound effects on the production of water droplets on the central whorl leaf of the sorghum genotype susceptible to shoot fly. There was no consistent variation in the relationship between plant water potential and soil matric potential of resistant and susceptible sorghum genotypes. However, there was very little or practically no water droplets on the central whorl leaf of the resistant genotypes, indicating that the production of water droplets is not solely the result of internal water status of the plant. It is suggested that leaf surface wetness is genetically controlled and that an understanding of the mechanism by which water is transferred to the leaf surface will enhance breeding for resistance to shoot fly.
BoardION: real-time monitoring of Oxford Nanopore Technologies devices

Summary One of the main advantages of the Oxford Nanopore Technology (ONT) is the possibility of sequencing in real time. However, the ONT sequencing interface is not sufficient to explore the quality of sequencing data in depth and existing tools do not take full advantage of real-time data streaming. We present BoardION, an interactive web application, dedicated to sequencing platforms, for real-time monitoring of all ONT sequencing devices (MinION, Mk1C, GridION and PromethION). BoardION allows users to easily explore sequencing metrics and optimize the quantity and the quality of the generated data during the experiment. It also enables the comparison of several flowcells to evaluate the library preparation protocols or the quality of input samples. Availability Source code and a Docker image are available at http://www.genoscope.cns.fr/boardion/ Contact stefan.engelen@genoscope.cns.fr
Rhesus macaques as a tractable physiological model of human ageing

Research in the basic biology of ageing is increasingly identifying mechanisms and modifiers of ageing in short-lived organisms such as worms and mice. The ultimate goal of such work is to improve human health, particularly in the growing segment of the population surviving into old age. Thus far, few interventions have robustly transcended species boundaries in the laboratory, suggesting that changes in approach are needed to avoid costly failures in translational human research. In this review, we discuss both well-established and alternative model organisms for ageing research and outline how research in nonhuman primates is sorely needed, first, to translate findings from shorter-lived organisms to humans, and second, to understand key aspects of ageing that are unique to primate biology. We focus on rhesus macaques as a particularly promising model organism for ageing research due to their social and physiological similarity to humans as well as the existence of key resources that have been developed for this species. As a case study, we compare gene regulatory signatures of ageing in the peripheral immune system between humans and rhesus macaques from a free-ranging study population in Cayo Santiago. We show that both mRNA expression and DNA methylation signatures of immune ageing are broadly shared between macaques and humans, indicating strong conservation of the trajectory of ageing in the immune system. We conclude with a review of key issues in the biology of ageing for which macaques and other nonhuman primates may uniquely contribute valuable insights, including the effects of social gradients on health and ageing. We anticipate that continuing research in rhesus macaques and other nonhuman primates will play a critical role in conjunction with model organism and human biodemographic research in ultimately improving translational outcomes and extending health and longevity in our ageing population.
Tirant Stealthily Invaded Natural Drosophila melanogaster Populations during the Last Century

It was long thought that solely three different transposable elements - the I-element, the P-element and hobo - invaded natural D. melanogaster populations within the last century. By sequencing the ‘living fossils’ of Drosophila research, i.e. D. melanogaster strains sampled from natural populations at different time points, we show that a fourth TE, Tirant, invaded D. melanogaster populations during the past century. Tirant likely spread in D. melanogaster populations around 1938, followed by the I-element, hobo, and, lastly, the P-element. In addition to the recent insertions of the canonical Tirant, D. melanogaster strains harbour degraded Tirant sequences in the heterochromatin which are likely due to an ancient invasion, possibly predating the split of D. melanogaster and D. simulans. In contrast to the I-element, P-element and hobo, we did not find that Tirant induces any hybrid dysgenesis symptoms. This absence of apparent phenotypic effects may explain the late discovery of the Tirant invasion. Recent Tirant insertions were found in all investigated natural populations. Populations from Tasmania carry distinct Tirant sequences, likely due to a founder effect. By investigating the TE composition of natural populations and strains sampled at different time points, insertion site polymorphisms, piRNAs and phenotypic effects, we provide a comprehensive study of a natural TE invasion.