Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A Community of Televised Avatars : Interactivities in virtual world television promoting and acknowledging participatory communities

This article examines how users of the virtual world Second Life constructed virtual spaces to become sites of interactive television. This project involved interviews with virtual world television (VWTV) producers to understand how they described the nature of their productions. This analysis considers three types of interactivity: access, social, and content. The analysis of various television programs produced in Second Life reveals that such interactivities focus on the bottom-up and inside-out formation of communities that help to build and maintain the participatory culture that sustains Second Life. The analysis demonstrates the necessity of participatory design and user-generated content for the achievement of truly interactive television as well as the changes occurring around the culture of television. The study suggests that the focus on building more interactive traditional television should include a concurrent goal of promoting a participatory community for more than the corporate need to cultivate loyal consumers of their televised products.
A Critical-Realist View of Housing Quality within the Post-Communist EU States: Progressing towards a Middle-Range Explanation

Abstract Employing a long-term perspective, we explore whether ideologically rooted quality outcomes of housing provision under communism have persisted during the post-communist construction of housing markets. Drawing on theories of path-dependent change, we hypothesize that patterns of housing quality still reflect past lines of division, namely the Soviet housing model, and the classical and reformist models of the Eastern Bloc. Using a critical-realist approach to housing quality, we relate households’ experiences to key underlying structures; this ontological depth is then operationalized by means of micro- and macro-indicators used as input for hierarchical cluster analyses. Findings support our main hypothesis, yet there is more diversity in households’ experiences than initially assumed. Our study advances a valuable middle-range epistemological frame for understanding the complex social reality of housing and helps shatter the growing view that communist housing systems were all too similar.
Reframing Agile Organization. Do Big Data Analytics Capabilities Matter

The Agile Manifesto has become the mantra for software developers seeking to create innovative software. However, recently, the principles of Agile Manifesto have also emerged as guidelines for organizations continuously seeking to develop and adopt innovations. Hence, the expression Agile Organization arose. Notwithstanding this interest, Agile Organizations' traits still have to be conceptualized. Yet, the role of Big Data Analytics capable information systems has been neglected. In this perspective, the research aims to develop a framework assessing why Big Data analytics capabilities are fundamental for organizations aiming to follow Agile Organization's principles. Implications of the potential role of such information systems on innovation development and adoption, performance and organizational flexibility are also presented.
Finnish Perspectives for the IOT

The Internet of Things (IOT) means connecting people, things, and devices in order to create an omnipresent computing world. One of the most important challenges in convincing users to adopt this kind of all-around network is the protection of security and privacy in different applications. This paper presents the results of interviews conducted in a Finnish study during 8/2012-2/2013. In this research, 11 Finnish people working with different aspects of IOT development and 11 ordinary Finnish people were interviewed. The goal was to investigate their feelings on the IOT and its applications, as well as personal opinions on security and individual privacy in the IOT. Most of the answerers in this study believed that we are heading towards the IOT in the future and many IOT applications were seen tempting. However, security and privacy issues, the lack of control, and the actual need for versatile IOT applications were questioned. The people working with the IOT were found to be more critical towards the IOT than the ordinary people. An introduction of the IOT, examples of potential applications, the conducted interviews and collected answers, as well as highlights of the collected free comments are presented in this paper.
Monthly and spatially resolved black carbon emission inventory of India: Uncertainty analysis

Abstract. Black carbon (BC) emissions from India for the year 2011 are estimated to be 901.11 ± 151.56 Gg yr−1 based on a new ground-up, GIS-based inventory. The grid-based, spatially resolved emission inventory includes, in addition to conventional sources, emissions from kerosene lamps, forest fires, diesel-powered irrigation pumps and electricity generators at mobile towers. The emissions have been estimated at district level and were spatially distributed onto grids at a resolution of 40 × 40 km2. The uncertainty in emissions has been estimated using a Monte Carlo simulation by considering the variability in activity data and emission factors. Monthly variation of BC emissions has also been estimated to account for the seasonal variability. To the total BC emissions, domestic fuels contributed most significantly (47 %), followed by industry (22 %), transport (17 %), open burning (12 %) and others (2 %). The spatial and seasonal resolution of the inventory will be useful for modeling BC transport in the atmosphere for air quality, global warming and other process-level studies that require greater temporal resolution than traditional inventories.
Spontaneous Landfill Fires : Investigation and Simulation

Spontaneous combustion landfill fire incidents are critical problems for landfill operators and owners. Their occurrence might be occasional or rare but their consequences can be severe and catastrophic to the landfill and surrounding communities. This study explored the causes of spontaneous landfill fires and heat generation through a questionnaire and a numerical model. A questionnaire was created and distributed to landfill owners and operators. The questionnaire layout was organized to allow landfill operators/owners to add their observations on spontaneous fires, detection and extinguishing methods, comments and notes. The numerical model has been developed to simulate temperature rise in landfill. Four scenarios have been presented using the model showing the general conditions for heat generation in landfills. These scenarios include: anaerobic condition, aerobic condition, high temperature condition, and spontaneous combustion. The model shows significant contribution of chemical oxidation and moisture content in controlling the fire.
Automated Attendance Monitoring System using Facial Recognition

: Attendance recording is one of the most imperative task of each and every institute. There are several traditional methods proposed for the same but each method is having its own drawbacks and also they are time consuming. For example, manually recorded attendance can be easily manipulated and also it is monotonous. So there is a need of a method that can overcome all drawbacks of traditional approach and can mark the attendance more efficiently. This paper presents a method in which attendance will be marked using the facial recognition of the person. Human face can be used to mark the attendance of the student / employee and can play a vital role for the verification purpose and can also avoid proxies. This paper aims to provide a digitized way for attendance marking.
PHOTOGRAMMETRIC AND GEODETIC

The interdisciplinary research project for the sustainable restoration of the late Gothic St. Petri cathedral of Bautzen, initiating in 2003, brought together experts and scientists for building preservation and conservation, historical building research, building construction and geodesy from TU Dresden and BTU Cottbus. Within the scope of this project, concepts for restoration and specific usage for the cathedral, built at the end of the 15 cent. , should developed. For the clearance of structural and historical problems an extensive surveying of the whole building is needed for both inner and outer areas. Combined proceedings of geodesy and photogrammetry were applied to create a form-correct and deformation-true documentation of the facades for the scale of 1:50. Additionally several laserscans from different position where made to determine one floor of the roof truss. The applied measuring methodes and the resultant capabilities for evaluation and analysis, like plane and ortho rectification, stereo processing and 3D visualization, will be presented on suitable building sections. The results of photogrammetric evaluation and laserscanning constitute the groundwork for the following structural and historical analyses. Therefore, methodes for the use of the applied recording techniques should be discussed with regard to the creation of form-correct documentations for historical buildings. In view of scanning measuring methods a usefull combination of automatic preprocessing for filtering and datareduction and conventionally hand measuring for on-site interpretation and evaluation of historical building structure will proposed.
Reconstructive Foot Surgery in Neuropathic Diabetic Foot Ulcers

Introduction: NEuropathic Diabetic Foot Ulcer [NDFU] is a challenging problem for both patients and surgeons. Peripheral neuropathy has an important role in diabetic foot lesions. Sensory neuropathy causes loss of protective sensations. Motor neuropathy causes foot deformities, biomechanical imbalance and change of weight bearing areas. Autonomic neuropathy causes callus, charcot neuroarthropathy and loss of sympathetic tone to peripheral resistance. Those interplaying factors can lead to increased planter pressure, foot deformities, soft tissue damage and ulcerations. Management of NDFU should cure the present condition and prevent recurrences. Patients and Methods: 120 Patients with diabetic foot ulcers complained of painless non-healed ulcer and deformed foot with or without loss of digits. General and local examination, routine investigations, wound cultures, foot X-ray and wound care were done. Control of diabetes was crucial. Reconstructive foot surgery was done. Plantar pressure was re-assessed postoperatively. Results: 84 patients (70%) were males and 36 (30%) were females. All patients have diabetic neuropathy. All patients have decreased or lost 2-point discrimination, pain sensation and proprioception. Plantar pressure assessment methods revealed abnormal patterns of weight bearing areas. Reconstructive foot surgery achieved restoration of better function and gait. Conclusion: Reconstructive foot surgery aims to preserve foot structure and restore foot function and shape as much as possible. It is important to eliminate the areas of pressure, correct the deformity and prevent recurrence. Strict use of this regimen can avoid foot or toe amputations which are very stressful for the diabetic patient.
Salmonella Contamination in Layer Farms in China: Detection and Genetic Analysis

Salmonella is the most common cause of foodborne illnesses worldwide. Poultry eggs are a major contamination source of Salmonella. The prevalence of Salmonella has been effectively reduced since a series of measures were taken to reduce contamination in egg-laying houses. In the present study, 1,512 environmental samples obtained from layer farms of different production scales were screened in a voluntary Salmonella survey study. Contaminations were detected using a PCR method. Genetic relationships among Salmonella samples were specified using molecular typing by enterobacterial repetitive intergenic consensus (ERIC)-PCR. The survey results showed that two layer farms, located in the Shandong and Hebei provinces, were contaminated with Salmonella. Thirty-one samples from these two farms, including feed, drinking nipples, egg collection belt, air inlets and outlets, air, overshoes, and eggshells, were identified as Salmonella-positive. It was observed that certain samples within the henhouses as well as in the egg collecting areas showed relatively high genetic similarities. The survey conclusively revealed minor Salmonella contamination in northern China. Moreover, various areas within the layer farms were identified as part of the propagation chain of Salmonella. Furthermore, evidence of cross-contamination of Salmonella was found in the laying houses and egg collection areas, even between these two regions. Therefore, it is necessary to establish routine Salmonella detection and subsequent environmental control measures in order to decrease the prevalence of Salmonella.
MEDICAL IMAGE SEGMENTATION USING VARIOUS TECHNIQUES : A SURVEY

The Perfect image segmentation of 2-dimensional, 3-dimensional and 4-dimensional medical images to separate functional for investigation that important in almost several computer-aided diagnosis system or other medical imaging applications. Numerous features of segmentation features and set of rules have been broadly discovered for numerous years in a host of journals. Though, the issue remains inspiring, with no distinctive explanation, reason behind big and continuously increasing figure of different substances of importance, large differences of their assets in images, different medical imaging modalities, and related changes of signal homogeneity, variability, and noise for each object. This paper overviews most prevalent medical image segmentation methods and deliberates their capabilities and simple advantage and limits. The present methods of the previous period are also presented. KeywordsImage processing; Image segmentation; Image analysis; Image understanding, segmentation.
EMAIL - a highly sensitive tool for specific mutation detection in plant improvement programs

TILLING (Targeting Induced Local Lesions IN Genomes) is a useful tool for discovery of specific point mutations in genes of interest to plant breeders. It employs mismatch cleavage detection using endonucleases, particularly CELI and CELII. During PCR annealing, dsDNA heteroduplexes arise in pooled genomic DNA samples containing one or more Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms (SNP) resulting from, for instance, induced mutation. The cleaved fragments can be distinguished from the larger perfectly-matched homoduplex DNA of the unmutated wild types in the sample of pooled individuals. The ability to efficiently detect individuals with specific mutations within pooled samples provides plant breeders with a powerful screening tool to greatly reduce the numbers of plants requiring phenotypic assessment. Further, it enables geneticists to analyse gene function and associate genotype with phenotype. Such protocols suffer from limited ability to detect mismatch cleavage signal due to non-specific removal, by the nuclease, of 5’ end-labelled termini used in the conventional approach. Mutation detection is further limited by high background characteristic of PCR-based end-labelling mismatch scanning techniques. We showed that as nuclease activity increased, internal signal was maintained while 5’ signal decayed. Furthermore, internal labelling improved background. The loss of end-signal constitutes a fundamental problem with the conventional approach to mismatch scanning with CEL nucleases. A new mismatch scanning assay called ‘Endonucleolytic Mutation Analysis by Internal Labelling’ (EMAIL), was developed using capillary electrophoresis, involving internal amplicon labelling by PCR incorporation of fluorescently-labelled deoxynucleotides. Multiple mutations amongst allelic pools have been detected when EMAIL was applied with the mismatch nucleases CELI and CELII. This technique offers greatly increased sensitivity in specific-gene mutant detection in pooled samples, enabling enlarged pool sizes and improving throughput and efficiency. We are investigating the limits of pool sizes to deliver a highly efficient mutation detection and analysis strategy for plant breeders and geneticists.
High efficiency heterojunction with intrinsic thin layer solar cell: A short review

Heterojunction with intrinsic thin layer (HIT) solar cell has attracted attention of photovoltaic research community due to its low process temperature, as compared to crystalline silicon (c-Si) solar cell and relatively high efficiency (η). In this solar cell structure, thin intrinsic amorphous silicon layers are used as surface passivator, which also acts as buffer layer at the top as well as bottom surfaces of n-type crystalline silicon (c-Si) wafer. A thin p-type a-Si top layer acts as an emitter while highly doped n-type bottom layer is used as a back surface field. There have been suggestions that the device performance comes with significant tunnelling transport of the charge carriers across junction barriers, whereas other investigation suggests that the diffusion of the carriers may be adequate. Various experimental as well as theoretical investigations were carried out to characterize and improve performance of HIT solar cell. For example, it was reported that a thicker p-type emitter (up to 40nm) shows higher open circuit voltage, although short circuit current density (Jsc) and cell efficiency decreases. Recent investigation showed that when the p-type and i-type layer thickness increased (within 4 nm) the open circuit voltage (Voc) as well as the efficiency improves. Using thinner c-Si absorbed is another interesting aspect in which a light trapping scheme can be combined to achieve a better performance characteristics. There has been several theoretical as well as experimental investigations on the use of various types of emitter layer and intrinsic layer of the cell, and their role on the Jsc, Voc, η and fill factor (FF). Investigations of HIT solar cell on p-type c-Si wafers have also been carried out. In this article we will present a brief review on some of the important aspects of the HIT solar cell.
Self‐judgment and reputation monitoring as a function of the fundamental dimensions, temporal perspective, and culture

Social acceptance and the development of one’s competencies and status are fundamental aspects of the human experience, but the former (communion) should take precedence over the latter (agency) in self-judgment. Study 1 results indicated that (i) people across two cultures judged themselves as possessing higher communion than agency characteristics; (ii) communion self-judgments were more consistent across temporal perspective; and (iii) level of self-enhancement across cultures was similar for communion but different for agency. In Study 2, people across culture reported being more troubled and demonstrated a greater desire to repair their reputation when they imagined others perceived them as lacking in communion compared with agency. These findings support the idea that social life pressures people to view themselves as possessing communion traits and to ensure that others have this perception as well. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. Despite the complexity of modern life compared with just a century ago, and even more starkly to 10000years ago, much remains the same in terms of the challenges that humans—as a social species—have to deal with. Throughout history, people have had to face two core, recurring challenges. One deals with the need to gain social acceptance and to establish supportive social connections with others. The second deals with the need to attain competencies and status (Chance, 1988; Hogan, 1983; Ybarra, Burnstein, et al., 2008). These two evolutionary necessities have been related to the fundamental dimensions of social judgment, namely communion and agency, which are used to describe various psychological phenomena in personality, social psychology, and related disciplines (Ybarra, Burnstein, et al., 2008). In the present study, we examined the importance of the fundamental dimensions of communion and agency in self-judgment and people’s concerns with maintaining their reputations.
Empirical orthogonal functions and related techniques in atmospheric science: A review

Climate and weather constitute a typical example where high dimensional and complex phenomena meet. The atmospheric system is the result of highly complex interactions between many degrees of freedom or modes. In order to gain insight in understanding the dynamical/physical behaviour involved it is useful to attempt to understand their interactions in terms of a much smaller number of prominent modes of variability. This has led to the development by atmospheric researchers of methods that give a space display and a time display of large space‐time atmospheric data.
Quantum Dots-Converted Light-Emitting Diodes Packaging for Lighting and Display: Status and Perspectives

Recent years, semiconductor quantum dots (QDs) have attracted tremendous attentions for their unique characteristics for solid-state lighting (SSL) and thin-film display applications. The pure and tunable spectra of QDs make it possible to simultaneously achieve excellent color-rendering properties and high luminous efficiency (LE) when combining colloidal QDs with light-emitting diodes (LEDs). Due to its solution-based synthetic route, QDs are impractical for fabrication of LED. QDs have to be incorporated into polymer matrix, and the mixture is dispensed into the LED mold or placed onto the LED to fabricate the QD–LEDs, which is known as the packaging process. In this process, the compatibility of QDs’ surface ligands with the polymer matrix should be ensured, otherwise the poor compatibility can lead to agglomeration or surface damage of QDs. Besides, combination of QDs–polymer with LED chip is a key step that converts part of blue light into other wavelengths (WLs) of light, so as to generate white light in the end. Since QD-LEDs consist of three or more kinds of QDs, the spectra distribution should be optimized to achieve a high color-rendering ability. This requires both theoretical spectra optimization and experimental validation. In addition, to prolong the reliability and lifetime of QD-LEDs, QDs have to be protected from oxygen and moisture penetration. And the heat generation inside the package should be well controlled because high temperature results in QDs’ thermal quenching, consequently deteriorates QD-LEDs’ performance greatly. Overall, QD-LEDs’ packaging and applications present the abovementioned technical challenges. A profound and comprehensive understanding of these problems enables the advancements of QD-LEDs’ packaging processes and designs. In this review, we summarized the recent progress in the packaging of QD-LEDs. The wide applications of QD-LEDs in lighting and display were overviewed, followed by the challenges and the corresponding progresses for the QD-LEDs’ packaging. This is a domain in which significant progress has been achieved in the last decade, and reporting on these advances will facilitate state-of-the-art QD-LEDs’ packaging and application technologies. [DOI: 10.1115/1.4033143]