Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Desempenho e características de carcaça de coelhos alimentados com rações contendo diferentes níveis de amido e fontes de fibra

The objective of the present study were evaluated the performance, quantitative and qualitative characteristics of the carcass in growing rabbits feeding with diets contents different starch levels (22 or 32% on average) by high or low inclusion of corn grain and different fiber sources (alfalfa hay or soybean hulls), in 2x2 factorial design. The experimental diets were pellets and fed ad libitum during 40 days to 40 rabbits weaned at 35 days, housed individually and assigned to a complete randomized design. Significant effects were not observed for the interaction between the fiber sources and the starch levels to the parameters evaluated in this study. Higher feed intake was observed with diets contents alfalfa hay (91.27 g/d), but the weight gain and food conversion were significant affected by the dietary treatments (30,18 g/d and 2.94 general average, respectively). The carcass yield, protein level, protein and energy efficiency in the carcass showed giher values for the diets with high starch levels (50.20, 62.36, 56.38 and 30.04%, respectively). Diets with high starch level or with soybean hulls resulted in better indexes of food conversion and characteristics of the carcass, reflex of a better nutrients utilization efficiency.
A potential stem-loop structure and the sequence CAAUCAA in the transcript are insufficient to signal ϱ-dependent transcription termination at λtR1

It has been suggested that a sequence in the RNA transcript that can form a stem and loop structure, followed by the sequence CAAUCAA, is the signal for rho-dependent transcription termination. We tested this hypothesis by synthesizing a DNA duplex whose sequence corresponds to a region of the lambda tR1 terminator that contains these structural features. We cloned this synthetic DNA fragment under the control of the lacUV5 promoter, and showed that it does not cause rho-dependent termination in vitro. RNA polymerase pauses during in vitro transcription across the synthetic sequence, although less efficiently than at the corresponding sequence on the lambda template. No rho-mediated termination was detected even under conditions that prolonged transcriptional pausing at the synthetic site, indicating that the synthetic sequence is defective as a transcript release site. We suggest that unlike rho-independent terminators, rho-dependent terminators require sequences in addition to those immediately before the sites of termination.
Tyrosine Sulfation of Glycoprotein Ibα

Glycoprotein Ibα (GP Ibα), the ligand binding subunit of the platelet glycoprotein Ib-IX-V complex, is sulfated on three tyrosine residues (Tyr-276, Tyr-278, and Tyr-279). This posttranslational modification is known to be critical for von Willebrand factor (vWF) binding; yet it remains unclear whether it provides a specific structure or merely contributes negative charges. To investigate this issue, we constructed cell lines expressing GP Ibα polypeptides with the three tyrosine residues converted to either Glu or Phe and studied the ability of these mutants to bind vWF in the presence of modulators or shear stress. The mutants were expressed normally on the cell surface as GP Ib-IX complexes, with the conformation of the ligand-binding domain preserved, as judged by the binding of conformation-sensitive monoclonal antibodies. In contrast to their normal expression, both mutants were functionally abnormal. Cells expressing the Phe mutant failed to bind vWF in the presence of either ristocetin or botrocetin. These cells adhered to and rolled on immobilized vWF only when their surface receptor density was increased to twice the level that supported adhesion of cells expressing the wild-type receptor and even then only 20% as many rolled and rolled significantly faster than wild-type cells. Cells expressing the Glu mutant, on the other hand, were normal with respect to ristocetin-induced vWF binding and adhesion to immobilized vWF but were markedly defective in botrocetin-induced vWF binding. These results indicate that GP Ibα tyrosine sulfation influences the interaction of this polypeptide with vWF primarily by contributing negative charges under physiological conditions and when the interaction is induced by ristocetin but contributes a specific structure to the botrocetin-induced interaction.
A new middle Eocene sirenian (Mammalia, Protosirenidae) from India

Ashokia antiqua is a new genus and species of protosirenid sirenian based on a subadult skull from the early middle Eocene (Lutetian) Harudi Formation of Kutch district, Gujarat State, western India. While more derived than prorastomids, and more primitive than trichechids or dugongids, in comparison with other protosirenids it displays a mosaic of primitive and derived character states that places it at the evolutionary grade of a relatively primitive protosirenid. Cladistically, its sister group may be an unnamed genus and species of protosirenid from the Lutetian of Libya, which shares with it several synapomorphies of the zygomatic arch and ear region. This relationship with the unpublished Libyan form reinforces a pattern in Eocene paleobiogeography previously noted by SAGNE (2001): generically-distinct and endemic sirenian faunas on the north and south shores, respectively, of the former Tethys Seaway. The Kutch sirenian fauna, with Eotheroides, Eosiren, Protosiren, and now a relative of the Libyan protosirenid, resembles the fauna from North Africa, while the European genera Halitherium, Prototherium, and Sirenavus are absent - as predicted by SAGNE's (2001) hypothesis.
Survival of free and alginate-encapsulated Pseudomonas aeruginosa UG2Lr in soil treated with disinfectants

Pseudomonas aeruginosa UG2Lr, a rifampicin-resistant strain possessing the luxAB on a chromosomal Tn5 insert, was inoculated into soil microcosms as either free cells or encapsulated in dry alginate beads. A 100-fold increase in cell number g -1 dry soil was observed in microcosms inoculated with alginate-encapsulated UG2Lr after 3 weeks incubation at 22°C compared to microcosms inoculated with free cells. After 98 d, microcosms inoculated with free UG2Lr cells contained 10 4 cfu g -1 dry soil compared to 10 7 cfu g -1 dry soil in microcosms inoculated with alginate-encapsulated UG2Lr cells. The effects of disinfectants on both the free and alginate-encapsulated UG2Lr cells were also examined. 1.0% (w/g dry soil) calcium hypochlorite, formaldehyde and Spectrum Clear Bath, were added to microcosms each week for 4 weeks. Formaldehyde killed both free and alginate-encapsulated UG2Lr cells within 14 d after only two amendments. Calcium hypochlorite reduced free UG2Lr cell numbers 10-fold 2 d after initial application ; however, the introduced population recovered and was unaffected by subsequent treatments at 7, 14 and 21 d. Alginate-encapsulated UG2Lr cells were not affected by calcium hypochlorite treatment. Spectrum Clear Bath did not kill either free or alginate-encapsulated UG2Lr cells in soil. Alginate encapsulation improved survival of introduced bacteria in soil except in the presence of formaldehyde. Killing genetically-engineered bacteria in soil may be difficult unless a powerful disinfectant such as formaldehyde is used or the genetically-engineered micro-organism is allowed to become non-viable over time.
Transcriptional Activity of Heat Shock Factor 1 at 37 oC Is Repressed through Phosphorylation on Two Distinct Serine Residues by Glycogen Synthase Kinase 3α and Protein Kinases Cα and Cζ*

Heat shock factor 1 (HSF1) is the key transcriptional regulator of the heat shock genes that protect cells from environmental stress. However, because heat shock gene expression is deleterious to growth and development, we have examined mechanisms for HSF1 repression at growth temperatures, focusing on the role of phosphorylation. Mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) of the ERK family phosphorylate HSF1 and represses transcriptional function. The mechanism of repression involves initial phosphorylation by MAP kinase on serine 307, which primes HSF1 for secondary phosphorylation by glycogen synthase kinase 3 on a key residue in repression (serine 303). In vivo expression of glycogen synthase kinase 3 (α or β) thus represses HSF1 through phosphorylation of serine 303. HSF1 is also phosphorylated by MAPK in vitro on a second residue (serine 363) adjacent to activation domain 1, and this residue is additionally phosphorylated by protein kinase C. In vivo, HSF1 is repressed through phosphorylation of this residue by protein kinase Cα or -ζ but not MAPK. Regulation at 37 °C, therefore, involves the action of three protein kinase cascades that repress HSF1 through phosphorylation of serine residues 303, 307, and 363 and may promote growth by suppressing the heat shock response.
Micro-organisms in dried foods: their significance, limitation and enumeration*

Summary Good manufacturing practice (GMP) should form the basis of microbiological quality control in the processing of foods, especially dried products with their extremely heterogeneous microflofa. Dried foods can be separated into different classes each carrying specific microbiological risks. the significance of a microbiological criterion for a particular product must be deduced by studying the intrinsic properties, mode of processing and anticipated fate of the food before reconstitution and its usual culinary preparation and use. Standards should therefore be limited to those species, genera or groups of organisms that are relevant for a given category of dried food. Reliable and reproducible methods and the correct interpretation of results are essential elements in microbiological monitoring. There is an urgent need for proper evaluation and standardization of methodology, paying particular attention to the resuscitation of sublethally impaired cells of various microorganisms occurring in dried foods. Once criteria and methods have been chosen, acceptable levels (specifications) can be determined for all pertinent groups or species. These levels should be derived from surveys of similar commercially available products whose manufacture by GMP has been previously verified.
Use of DNA barcoding in wildlife forensics: a study of sambar deer (Rusa unicolor)

This paper reports a case in which a wildlife range officer had suspected that some people had killed a sambar deer (Rusa unicolor). Cooked meat and dried skin were seized from the suspects and forwarded to our laboratory for DNA testing to resolve the identity of the animal. Mitochondrial cytochrome C oxidase subunit 1 (CO1) analysis revealed that the cooked meat and skin of the animal were of a sambar deer by comparing the sequences with the reference sequence of R. unicolor generated in our laboratory. The study illuminates the use of barcode sequences and reference databases in wildlife forensic applications.
Bacidia rosellizans, a new lichen species from the taiga belt

Abstract Bacidia rosellizans S. Ekman is described as new to science. Morphologically, the new species is similar to the type species of the genus, B. rosella (Pers.) De Not. , particularly in the pale pink and pigment-deficient apothecia and in having the proper exciple and upper part of the hymenium inspersed with minute crystals that consist at least partly of atranorin. Bacidia rosellizans, however, differs in having a thin whitish thallus, smaller apothecia and a thinner apothecial margin, a dense layer of crystals along the excipular rim, shorter and narrower ascospores with fewer septa, and septate conidia. Whereas B. rosella is a species occurring in the nemoral zone of Europe and possibly northernmost Africa and parts of Asia (but not North America), B. rosellizans is found mainly on Populus and Salix in taiga. This species is currently known from Sweden, Russia, Canada and the USA. It was erroneously treated as Bacidia rosella in a monograph of North American corticolous species of Bacidia and Bacidina by Ekman (in Opera Botanica 127, 1996).
Desempenho e qualidade de ovos de poedeiras de 50 a 66 semanas de idade suplementadas com probiótico

The experiment was carried out to evaluate probiotic on laying hen performance and egg quality. The probiotic was fed from pullet phase and the effects were evaluate from 50 to 66 weeks. A completely randomized experimental design with four treatments (probiotic suplementation in pullet and laying phase, probiotic suplementation only in pullet phase, probiotic suplementation only in laying phase and no suplementation), and six replicates of eight birds each was used. The rations contained 15.50 and 17.00% crude protein and 2800 and 2750kcal metabolizable energy/kg respectively in pullet and laying phases. The results of feed intake (106.53, 110.81, 107.25, 109,72g), egg production (85.20, 83.66, 79.18, 81.94%), egg weight (59.84, 60.53, 61.11, 60.33g), alimentary conversion per dz (1.50, 1.59, 1.64, 1.61), and per kg (2.09, 2.19, 2.24, 2.22), shell thickness (0.387, 0.384, 0.386, 0.381mm), shell percent (9.44, 9.43, 9.37, 9.31%), Haugh unit (92.50, 93.14, 91.34, 91.57) and specific gravity (1.0856, 1.0851, 1.0850, 1.0839) did not indicate any treatment effect (P>0.05). The utilization of Bacillus subtilis as probiotic during pullet phase, laying phase or pullet and laying phases did not improve the performance and egg quality of laying hens from 50 to 66 weeks of age.
The γ‐H2A.X: Is it just a surrogate marker of double‐strand breaks or much more?

In recent years, several histone modifications have been implicated in the cellular response to DNA double‐strand breaks (DSBs). One of the best characterized histone modifications important in DSB repair is the phosphorylation of histone H2A variant, H2A.X. In response to DSBs, H2A.X is phosphorylated and this phosphorylation is required for DSB signaling and the retention of repair proteins at the break site. Despite the existing picture that the function of H2A.X is to promote DNA repair, very recent data suggest that the phosphorylation of histone H2A.X has additional functions. This is analogous to histone H3 phosphorylation on serine 10, which participates in seemingly incompatible functions—transcriptional activation and mitosis. In this review, we discuss the role of histone H2A.X in maintaining genomic stability and review emerging evidence that histone H2A.X is multifunctional. Environ. Mol. Mutagen. , 2008. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Identification and comparative pathogenicity of Pythium spp. from roots and crowns of turfgrasses exhibiting symptoms of root rot

Pathogenicity of Pythium species recovered from roots and crowns of creeping bentgrass and annual bluegrass was determined under laboratory, growth chamber, and field conditions. Of the 121 isolates of Pythium recovered from diseased roots and crowns, 46 were pathogenic (disease rating 2.0) in laboratory experiments. Of the pathogenic species, P. graminicola was isolated most frequently (18.2% of all isolates), and nearly all isolates tested were highly virulent to creeping bentgrass and perennial ryegrass (.)
THE EFFECTS OF A SERIES OF ω‐PHOSPHONIC α‐CARBOXYLIC AMINO ACIDS ON ELECTRICALLY EVOKED AND EXCITANT AMINO ACID‐INDUCED RESPONSES IN ISOLATED SPINAL CORD PREPARATIONS

1 The depressant actions on evoked electrical activity and the excitant amino acid antagonist properties of a range of ω‐phosphonic α‐carboxylic amino acids have been investigated in the isolated spinal cord preparations of the frog or immature rat. 2 When tested on dorsal root‐evoked ventral root potentials, members of the homologous series from 2‐amino‐5‐phosphonovaleric acid to 2‐amino‐8‐phosphonooctanoic acid showed depressant actions which correlated with the ability of the substances to antagonize selectively motoneuronal depolarizations induced by N‐methyl‐d‐aspartate. 3 2‐Amino‐5‐phosphonovalerate was the most potent substance of the series giving an apparent KD of 1.4 μm for the antagonism of responses to N‐methyl‐d‐aspartate. 4 A comparison of the (+)‐ and (—)‐forms of 2‐amino‐5‐phosphonovalerate indicated that the N‐methyl‐d‐aspartate antagonist activity and the neuronal depressant action of this substance were both due mainly to the (—)‐isomer. 5 The (—)‐ and (+)‐forms of 2‐amino‐4‐phosphonobutyrate had different actions. The (—)‐form of this substance had a relatively weak and non‐selective antagonist action on depolarizations induced by N‐methyl‐d‐aspartate, quisqualate and kainate and a similarly weak depressant effect when tested on evoked electrical activity. The (+)‐form was more potent than the (—)‐form in depressing electrically evoked activity but did not antagonize responses to amino acid excitants. At concentrations higher than those required to depress electrically evoked activity, the (+)‐form produced depolarization. This action was blocked by 2‐amino‐5‐phosphonovalerate.
Memory for object features versus memory for object location: a positron-emission tomography study of encoding and retrieval processes

Abstract Regional cerebral blood flow was measured with positron-emission tomography during two encoding and two retrieval tasks that were designed to compare memory for object features with memory for object locations. Bilateral increases in regional cerebral blood flow were observed in both anterior and posterior regions of inferior temporal cortex and in ventral regions of prestriate cortex, when the condition that required retrieval of object locations was subtracted from the condition that required retrieval of object features. During encoding, these changes were less pronounced and were restricted to the left inferior temporal cortex and right ventral prestriate cortex. In contrast, both encoding and retrieval of object location were associated with bilateral changes in dorsal prestriate and posterior parietal cortex. Finally, the two encoding conditions activated left frontal lobe regions preferentially, whereas the two retrieval conditions activated right frontal lobe regions. These findings confirm that, in human subjects, memory for object features is mediated by a distributed system that includes ventral prestriate cortex and both anterior and posterior regions of the inferior temporal gyrus. In contrast, memory for the locations of objects appears to be mediated by an anatomically distinct system that includes more dorsal regions of prestriate cortex and posterior regions of the parietal lobe.
Assessing the narrowband to broadband conversion to estimate visible, near infrared and shortwave apparent albedo from airborne PolDER data

Les donnees aeroportees PolDER acquises durant l'experimentation ReSeDA ont ete utilisees pour evaluer la precision de la methode narrowband to broadband conversion, communement utilisee pour exprimer la valeur integree de l'albedo comme une combinaison lineaire de mesures spectrales. Nous sommes interesses a l'estimation de l'albedo apparent visible-proche infrarouge-courtes longueurs d'onde a partir de la reflectance hemispherique. Cette derniere a ete calculee en utilisant quatre modeles classiques de FDRB a noyaux. La dispersion relative entre les estimations des quatre modeles etait de l'ordre de 10 %. Nous avons calcule la valeur integree de l'albedo en utilisant des jeux de coefficients proposes dans la litterature pour des capteurs recents. La validation a montre que l'albedo courtes longueurs d'onde PolDER avait une precision relative de l'ordre de 9 %, alors qu'une procedure indirecte a mis en evidence la qualite des albedo visible et proche infrarouge. Cependant, les estimations de reflectance hemispherique n'etaient pas assez precises pour evaluer les consequences des incertitudes theoriques des jeux de coefficients. De meme, la calibration de jeux de coefficients a l'aide des donnees ReSeDA a montre qu'il n'etait pas possible de discriminer l'information fournie par les canaux PolDER bleu, vert et rouge. Finalement, il etait possible de calculer l'albedo avec une precision relative de 8 % en ne considerant que les canaux rouge et proche infrarouge.
Cytological effects of single and combined treatments with X-rays, IAA and GA3 in Allium cepa.

Treatments with IAA and GA3 singly and especially after x-irradiation produced significant reduction in mitotic index in root meristem of Allium cepa.Pre-and post-irradiation treatments with IAA and GA3 also showed significant reduction in x-ray-induced chromosomal aberrations. The percentage of protection ranged from 18-55 with IAA and 14-53 with GA3. These growth hormones were considered to have reduced aberrant cells by providing protection against initial radiation damage and also by stimulating restitution presumably by affecting DNA synthesis and also by stimulating protein synthesis respectively.
Serpentinite Carbonation in the Pollino Massif (southern Italy) for CO2 Sequestration

Anthropogenic gas emissions are projected to change future climates with potentially nontrivial impacts (Keller et al., 2008 and references therein) and the impacts of the increased CO2 concentration are, among others, the greenhouse effect, the acidification of the surface of the ocean and the fertilization of ecosystems (e.g. Huijgen and Comans, 2003). Geologic Sequestration into subsurface rock formations for long-term storage is part of a process frequently referred to as “carbon capture and storage” or CCS. A major strategy for the in situ geological sequestration of CO2 involves the reaction of CO2 with Mg-silicates, especially in the form of serpentinites, which are rocks: i) relatively abundant and widely distributed in the Earth’s crust, and ii) thermodynamically convenient for the formation of Mg-carbonates (e.g., Brown et al., 2011). In nature, carbonate minerals can form during serpentinization or during hydrothermal carbonation and weathering of serpentinites whereas industrial mineral carbonation processes are commonly represented by the reaction of olivine or serpentine with CO2 to form magnesite + quartz ± H2O (Power et al., 2013). Mineral carbonation occurs naturally in the subsurface as a result of fluid–rock interactions within serpentinite, which occur during serpentinization and carbonate alteration. In situ carbonation aims to promote these reactions by injecting CO2 into porous, subsurface geological formations, such as serpentinite-hosted aquifers. In the northern sector of the Pollino Massif (southern Italy) extensively occur serpentinites (Sansone et. al., 2012) and serpentinite-hosted aquifers (Margiotta et al., 2012); both serpentinites and serpentinite-hosted aquifers are the subject of a comprehensive project devoted to their possible use for in situ geological sequestration of CO2. The serpentinites derived from a lherzolitic and subordinately harzburgitic mantle, and are within tectonic slices in association with metadolerite dykes and medium to high-grade metamorphic rocks. Primary mantle minerals are olivine, clinopyroxene, orthopyroxene, and spinel whereas serpentine, magnetite, chlorite, and amphibole are pseudomorphic minerals. Olivine is replaced by serpentine forming a mesh texture and orthopyroxene is mostly altered to bastite. Water chemistry indicates serpentinites interact with meteoric water producing a Mg-HCO3 type water in a system open to CO2.