Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Effect of dietary mannan-oligosaccharides from copra meal on intestinal microbes and blood profile of broiler chickens

Mannan-oligosaccharides (MOS) is a common prebiotics used as a feed additives. The use of antibiotic can be replaced by MOS to reduce the number of pathogenic bacteria in small intestines of chickens. The objective of this study was to determine the effect of MOS extracted from copra meal on intestinal microbial population and blood profile of broiler chickens. The study was conducted by using 150 day-old male broiler chickens (average body weight 46.00 + 1.41 g). The design of this experiment was a completely randomized design (CRD) with 3 dietary treatments, 5 replications and 10 birds in each replication. The dietary treatments consisted of control diet (corn-soybean meal diet without supplementation of antibiotic and prebiotic), control + 0.1% antibiotic bambermycin, and control + 0.035% MOS. For the first 4 weeks the birds were fed treatment diets, followed by commercial feed for 2 weeks. The parameters observed in this study were intestinal microbes population and blood profiles. The results showed that the administration of 0,035% MOS increased the lactic acid bacteria (LAB) number compared with antibiotics feed (P 0.05) with the control group. The total aerobic and coliform bacteria were higher in MOS and antibiotic treatment compared than control group. The supplementation of 0.035% MOS from copra meal in diet increased the level of leucocytes which is important to immune response of broilers and its usage was safe because the level of chicken blood profile were within the normal range.
Conjugated linoleic acid isomer concentrations in milk from high- and low-input management dairy systems

BACKGROUND:Differentconjugatedlinoleicacid(CLA)isomersareknowntohavecontrastingphysiologyorhealtheffectsand there is growing evidence that the profile of natural isomers in milk is influenced by the production system. This survey is the first to compare feeding regimes and concentrations of 14 CLA isomers in milk from three production systems in the UK. RESULTS: Total CLA and seven isomers (including C18:2 c9t11 which comprised >80% of total) were significantly higher in milk from both organically certified and non-certified low input (LI) systems compared with milk from conventional high input farms. Sampling date also affected concentrations of total CLA and nine isomers; being lowest in March and highest in August. Seasonal differences were greater in milk from LI herds, thought to be due to changes in herbage and/or stage of lactation. Multivariate analysis showed a strong positive relationship between several CLA isomers and increasing levels of fresh forage in the diet. CONCLUSIONS: These results add to the evidence on how management adjustment may improve the profile of CLA isomers in milk fat, although animal or human intervention studies are required to identify the effects of consuming milk with different CLA levels and isomer profiles on human health. c � 2009 Society of Chemical Industry
FLORISTIC DIVERSITY AND EQUITABILITY IN FOREST FRAGMENTS USING ARTIFICIAL NEURAL NETWORKS

This study aimed to evaluate the predictive efficiency of Shannon index (H’) and Pielou Equitability index (J) in forest fragments from the Brazilian Cerrado biome, from the vegetation indices and landscape metrics using artificial neural networks (ANN). Feedforward networks were used and they were trained through a back propagation error algorithm. The variables used as ANN input for simultaneous estimation of indices were: the categorical (H’ and J) and the numbers related to the mean and standard deviation of vegetation indices (NDVI, SAVI, EVI, and MVI5, MVI7) and landscape metrics (AREA, GYRATE, SHAPE, CONTIG, CORE and ENN). It was generated five models of ANN from the functional relationships between numerical variables inherent to vegetation indices in two seasons, a dry season (June) and a rainy season (February). The architecture of the networks was the Multilayer Perceptron (MLP), to estimate simultaneously the H’ and J: 500 using vegetation indices in the wet season (100 for each vegetation index) and 500 in dry (100 for each vegetation index). The precision, accuracy and realism of biological ANN were assessed. The nets built during the rainy season and dry season that used vegetation indices MVI5 (Moisture Vegetation Index) and SAVI (Soil Adjusted Vegetation Index), respectively, were more appropriate, accurate and biologically realistic to estimate both indices H’ and J. The ANN modeling demonstrated to be adequate to estimate the diversity index.
Recent glacier changes in southern Chile and in the Antartic Peninsula

Se presenta una sintesis de la investigacion glaciologica reciente realizada por el Centro de Estudios Cientificos, CECS, en Chile y la Peninsula Antartica mediante el uso de una variedad de metodologias modernas, con el fin de detectar las tendencias de cambio experimentadas por los glaciares en las ultimas decadas.
Public investment and regional business cycle fluctuations in Japan

ABSTRACT This article examines the relationship between public investment and regional business cycle fluctuations in Japan. In particular, we focus on the effects of ‘discretionary’ changes in public investment, a portion of investment unrelated to the current state of macroeconomic circumstances. The empirical results show that such portions of public investment amplify regional business cycle fluctuations.
An Exact Solution of the Cylindrical Wave Equation for Electromagnetic Field in Fractional Dimensional Space

This work deals with an exact solution of cylindrical wave equation for electromagnetic fleld in fractional dimensional space. The obtained fractional solution is a generalization of the cylindrical wave equation from integer dimensional space to a fractional dimensional space. The resulting theoretical framework can be used to study the phenomenon of electromagnetic wave propagation in any fractal media because fractal media can be described as an ordinary media in a fractional dimensional space. The classical results are recovered from fractional solution when integer dimensional space is considered.
EVALUATION OF MASS DRUG ADMINISTRATION FOR ELIMINATION OF LYMPHATIC FILARIASIS IN GUNTUR DISTRICT, ANDHRA PRADESH

BACKGROUND: Lymphatic Filariasis (LF) is a serious Socio Economic and Public Health problem in the world. In India, it is estimated that 554.2 million populations are at risk of Lymphatic Filariasis infection, in 243 implementation units (Districts). National Health Policy, 2002 aims at elimination of transmission and prevention of disability due to Lymphatic Filariasis (LF) by the year 2015.mass drug administration (MDA) against filariasis with Diethylcarbamazine (DEC) combined with Albendazole (ABZ)to all people excluding children <2yrs, pregnant women and seriously ill persons in endemic areas once in a year. OBJECTIVE: To assess: (i) The filariasis knowledge in the community, (ii) To assess the coverage and compliance of MDA from the community perspective in the Guntur District. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Cross-sectional population based house to house visit. Setting: Both rural and urban areas of Guntur district outcome -Actual coverage, compliance and side effects. RESULTS: Twelve clusters, Total eligible population of 1820 were interviewed. The coverage rate was 94.6% with variation across different areas. CONCLUSION: The compliance of drug ingestion was 94.6% the side effects of DEC were minimum. The overall coverage was better in rural areas compared to urban areas.
Association Analysis between Five Microsatellite Loci and Litter Size in Small Tail Han Sheep

The objective of the present study was to explore associations between five microsatellites linked to Fec B and FecX I genes and litter size in Small Tail Han sheep. The polymorphisms of five microsatellite loci, OarAE101, BM1329, BMS2508, TGLA54 and TGLA68 were detected in 244 ewes of Small Tail Han sheep. Analysis of association between three microsatellite loci (BMS2508, BM1329 and OarAE101) located in the 10 cM region covering the Fec B gene (Booroola gene) and litter size in Small Tail Han sheep indicated that BMS2508 had significant effect on litter size in the second parity (p 0.05), while the other two microsatellite loci had no significant effect on litter size in both the first and the second parity in Small Tail Han sheep (p>0.05). At microsatellite locus BMS2508, least squares means in the second parity of genotypes 101/111 and 99/109 were significantly higher than those of genotypes 99/99, 99/101, 99/111 and 99/115 (p 0.05). The information found in the present study is very important for improving the reproductive performance in sheep breeds by marker assisted selection. (Asian-Aust. J. Anim. Sci. 2003. Vol 16, No. 11 : 1555-1559)
An Analysis of Exports and Growth in India: Cointegration and Causality Evidence (1971-2001)

The relationship between exports and economic growth has been analysed by a number of recent empirical studies. This paper re-examines the sources of growth for the period 1971-2001 for India. It builds upon Feder's (1983) model to investigate empirically the relationship between export growth and GDP growth (the export led growth hypothesis), using recent data from the Reserve Bank of India, and by focusing on GDP growth and GDP growth net of exports. We investigate the following hypotheses: (i) whether exports, imports and GDP are cointegrated using the Johansen approach and Breitung's nonparametric cointegration test; (ii) whether export growth Granger causes GDP growth; (iii) and whether export growth Granger causes investment. Finally, a VAR is constructed and impulse response functions (IRFs) are employed to investigate the effects of macroeconomic shocks.
A survey Paper on Web Crawler and their Implementation

A program that automatically download pages from the World Wide Web is known as Web Crawlers or Spider programs or Bots. A crawler visits many sites to obtain data which is analyzed and mined in a location, either online or off-line. There is a need for crawlers to help applications stay as pages and connections are added, deleted, moved or modified. Crawlers can be used in applications in business intelligence. Crawlers are used by organizations to collect information about their competitors and potential collaborators. Crawlers monitor Web sites and pages of interest, so that a user or community can be notified when new information appears in certain places. The Crawlers can also be used for malicious applications, for example, to harvest email addresses to be used by spammers or collect personal information to be used in phishing and other identity theft attacks. Keywords— Crawlers, Frontiers, Text, Focused, Topical, FIFO, Algorithms.
Boundary controllability of the finite-difference space semi-discretizations of the beam equation

We propose a nite dierence semi-discrete scheme for the approximation of the boundary exact controllability problem of the 1-D beam equation modelling the transversal vibrations of a beam with xed ends. First of all we show that, due to the high frequency spurious oscillations, the uniform (with respect to the mesh-size) controllability property of the semi-discrete model fails in the natural functional setting. We then prove that there are two ways of restoring the uniform controllability property: a) ltering the high frequencies, i:e: controlling projections on subspaces where the high frequencies have been ltered; b) adding an extra boundary control to kill the spurious high frequency oscillations. In both cases the convergence of controls and controlled solutions is proved in weak and strong topologies, under suitable assumptions on the convergence of the initial data. Mathematics Subject Classication. 93C20, 35Q33, 65N06.
Farmer’s motivation to adopt sustainable agricultural practices

The 2014-2020 Common Agricultural Policy (CAP) reform defines new rules for farmers including maintenance of the ecological focus area (EFA). Sustainability is also a requirement to meet consumer expectations and a competitive advantage for firms. This paper aims to evaluate the farmers’ intention to implement sustainable practices related to the EFA measure and to the private sustainability schemes proposed by the food industry. The Theory of Planned Behaviour (TPB) was applied on a sample of durum wheat producers to analyse intentions 1) to maintain 7% of the arable land as an EFA, and 2) to implement the private sustainability scheme. Structural equation modelling was applied to test for the relative importance of intention determinants. The farmers’ attitude and past behaviour positively affect intentions to implement the EFA, while perceived behavioural control and attitudes predict intentions to adopt the private sustainability scheme. These results suggest possible interventions that public authorities and supply chain leaders might implement to stimulate farmers’ sustainable behaviours.
How time is encoded

– the situation itself; in 1, it is a sort of state; it could also be a short event, such as the one described by Eva closed the door or by a slow process such as Eva grew older. Following Comrie (1976), I shall use the word “situation” as an overarching term for all sorts of events, states, processes, actions, etc. – the description of the situation; this description is realised by the nonfinite parts of the sentence; I shall mark such a description as [. ]. In 1, this description is [Eva be cheerful] in all three cases; this does not mean, of course, that the situation itself is the same, nor does it mean that the situation could not be described in some other way. – the marking of how the situation is positioned in time; in 1, this is done by modifications of the verb, here by the choice between was, is, will be.
Evaluating the potential risk of musculoskeletal disorders among bakers according to LUBA and ACGIH-HAL indices

Received: August 2015, Accepted: September 2015 Background: Bakers, due to the nature of their jobs, are at risk of musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) caused by ergonomic factors. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the biomechanical risk factors for MSDs in bakers. Materials and Methods: In the current study, all Sangak, Taftoon, and Lavash bread bakeries in Gonabad, Iran, were selected based on census method. Then, hierarchical task analysis (HTA) method was used for task analysis and their occupation was classified into tasks, actions, and movements. The Shater (the employee who places the bread in the oven), Chanegeer (the employee who cuts the dough), and Nangeer (the employee who removes the bread from the oven) employees were studied in this respect. Subsequently,postural loading on the upper body assessment (LUBA) and American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists-Hand activity level (ACGIH-HAL) methods were implemented to identify common risk factors in repetitive tasks that can contribute to the development of MSDs of upper limbs. Analysis of the results in this study was performed using SPSS software. Results: A LUBA score of higher than 10 was obtained by 83.33% of workers in Tafton bakeries, 100% of employees in Sangak bakeries, and 91.66% of workers inLavash bakeries. ACGIH-HAL index results of 100% of Sangak, 50.37% of Taftoon, and 50% of Lavash bakery workers were in the red (danger) zone. The LUBA score of nosubjects was below 5 (action level one). Highest relative discomfort score of Nangeer and Shater in Tafton bakeries was in the back area and of Chanegeer in the neck and shoulder area. Highest score of relative discomfort of Shater, Chanegeer, and Nangeeremployees of Lavash bakerieswas in the lumbar area and neck and ofShater and Nangeer of Sangak bakerieswas in the elbow and wrist area. Conclusions: The results showed that the risk of MSDs due to repetitive tasks is relatively high in bakeryand ergonomic interventions required in order to redesign the job.
Investigation of Dietary Lysophospholipid (LipidolTM) to Improve Nutrients Availability of Diet with In Vitro Rumen Microbial Fermentation Test

This study was conducted to investigate the effect of biological membrane transfer modifier, lysophospholipd (LPLs) on the parameters from in vitro rumen simulated fermentation. Commercially available LPLs product (Lipidol) was supplemented into experimental diets which consisted of orchard grass and concentrate diet (60:40) in different levels (0.1%, 0.3% and 0.5%). Then in vitro rumen simulated fermentation was performed. Although, a declining trend of pH was found in treatments, all pH values were detected in a range relevant to normal rumen fermentation. Gas production, ammonia nitrogen and total VFA production were greatly influenced by the supplementation of LPLs. All parameters were increased along with increased levels of LPLs in diet. As a result, 0.1% of Lipidol is recommended based on the determined in vitro rumen fermentative parameters in this study.
The preview search task: Evidence for visual marking

A series of experiments are reviewed providing evidence for the idea that when new visual objects are prioritized, old objects are inhibited by a top-down controlled suppression mechanism—a process referred to as visual marking. Evidence for the top-down aspect of visual marking is presented, by showing that new object prioritization, as measured in the preview paradigm, depends on task settings and available attentional resources. Evidence for the inhibitory aspect is presented, by showing that selection of new items is impaired when these items share features with the old items. Such negative carryover effects occur within as well as between trials. Alternative accounts and the evidence for them is discussed. It is concluded that the various accounts are not mutually exclusive and that the data is best explained by a combination of mechanisms.
A New Methodological Framework for Crime Spatial Analysis Using Local Entropy Map

The highest crime rate in major cities has been always a challenge for managers and urban planners. In order to control and reduce the crime rate, different methods have been proposed in recent decades. Considering the relationship between land use and crime, in this study, potential spatial dependency between commercial land uses, banks, bus and subway stations and pickpocketing was investigated in Tehran. To analyze the spatial dependency, local entropy models and nonparametric approach were used. Using ArcGIS ESRI product we created the local entropy maps to show the significance level of each local region, which allows interactive examination of significant local multivariate relationships. The results show a high spatial autocorrelation between mentioned land uses and specified crimes. The parameters indicate a significant cluster distribution. Furthermore, pickpocketing density at the bus stops is at the high Bonferroni level. The results specify that spatial patterns of pickpocketing are related to land use in the study area.
계층 구조를 이용한 K-익명화 K-Anonymity using Hierarchical Structure in Indoor Space 김 준 석

Due to complexity of indoor space, the demand of Location Based Services (LBS) in indoor space is increasing as well as outdoor. However, it includes privacy problems of exposing personal location. Location K-anonymity technology is a method to solve the privacy problems with cloaking their locations by Anonymized Spatial Region(ASR). It guarantees K users within a region containing the location of a given user. However previous researches have dealt the problems based on Euclidean distance in outdoor space, and cannot be applied in indoor space where there are constraints of movement such as walls. For this reason, we propose in this paper a K-anonymity for cloaking indoor location in consideration of structures and representation of indoor space. The basic concept of our approach is to introduce a hierarchical structure as ASR for including K-1 users for cloaking their locations. We also proposed a cost model by K and attributes of hierarchical structure to analyze the performance of the method. Keyword:Indoor Space, K-Anonymity, Hierarchical Structure 󰠕 본 연구는 두뇌한국21사업과 국토해양부 첨단도시개발 연구개발사업의 연구비지원(11첨단도시G11)에 의해 수행되었습니다. 부산대학교 컴퓨터공학과 박사수료 joonseok@pnu.edu ** 부산대학교 컴퓨터공학과 교수 lik@pnu.edu(교신저자) 1. 서 론 최근 측위 기술의 발달과 스마트 폰의 보급으로 위치기반 서비스(Location Based Service; LBS) 산 업이 발달하고 컨벤션 센터나 백화점, 지하철역과 같이 복잡한 실내 구조를 가진 건물의 수가 증가함 에 따라 실외뿐만 아니라 실내 내비게이션과 같은 실내 공간에 대한 LBS의 수요가 늘어나고 있다. 사 용자들은 모바일 단말기를 통해 “A 브랜드 매장으 로 가는 최단 경로를 알려 달라”와 같이 질의하여 실외와는 독립적으로 실내 위치기반 서비스를 받을 수 있다. 그러나 이러한 서비스들을 이용하게 되면 사용자 의 개인의 위치 정보가 노출될 가능성이 있다. 서버 -클라이언트 구조를 가진 LBS의 경우, 사용자가 서비스를 이용하기 위해 질의를 서버에 요청할 때 사용자가 원치 않게 자신의 위치를 서버로 보내야 하기 때문이다. 예를 들어, 백화점에서 “A 브랜드 94 한국공간정보학회지:제20권 제4호 (2012. 08) 매장 경로를 알려 달라”와 같은 질의를 하였을 때, 누군가가 A 브랜드 매장에서 이 시간의 결제 고객 명단을 함께 가지고 있다면, 의도치 않게 제 3자에게 사용자를 유추할 수 있는 정보를 노출하게 된다. 따 라서 실외뿐만 아니라 실내에서 안전한 위치기반 서 비스 사용을 위한 개인 정보 보호 방법이 필요하다. 위치정보를 공개하거나 위치기반 질의를 할 때, 개인의 프라이버시를 보호하기 위한 많은 연구가 활발히 이루어져 왔다[2, 3, 4, 7, 10, 15, 16]. 기존의 연구들 중에는 사용자의 위치를 확장시켜 은폐시키 는 위치 K-익명성(Location K-anonymity) [4]에 관한 연구들이 존재한다. 위치기반 질의를 요청할 때, 사용자의 정확한 위치 정보 대신에 위치를 확장 시켜 주변에 있는 최소 K-1명 다른 사용자들이 포 함되는 익명화 공간영역(Anonymized Spatial Region; ASR)을 보내면서 위치를 은폐하는 것이다. 그런데 기존의 위치를 은폐하는 방법은 실외 환경에 적합 한 유클리디안 거리를 기반으로 K-익명화를 만족 하도록 영역을 확장하는 것으로 실내 환경에 대한 고려가 되어 있지 않다. 벽이나 천장, 바닥과 같은 구조물에 의해 이동의 제약을 받는 실내공간에서는 위치와 거리에 대한 특성이 다르므로 기존의 방법 을 그대로 적용하기에는 한계가 있다. 본 논문에서는 실내공간에서 K-익명화로 사용자 의 위치를 은폐시키는 방법을 제안한다. 실내공간의 경우 (x, y, z)와 같은 3차원 좌표보다 ‘203호’, ‘2층 복도’와 같이 사람이 인지하기 쉬운 기호로 위치를 표현한다[8, 14]. 실내공간의 계층 구조가 존재할 경 우, 사용자의 위치를 나타내는 방과 같은 공간을 하 나의 노드로 하여, 이 노드와 다른 노드들을 포함하 는 상위 노드를 선택함으로써 위치를 확장할 수 있 다. 우리는 적어도 K-1명의 다른 사용자를 포함하 도록 계층 구조에서 최소 레벨의 노드를 선택함으 로써 효과적으로 은폐시키는 방법을 소개한다. 본 논문은 다음과 같이 구성된다. 2장에서는 K익명성의 위치 은폐 기법과 실내공간을 계층 구조 화한 기존 연구를 소개하며 연구 배경을 서술한다. 3장에서는 실내공간에서 위치를 표현하는 방법과 계층 구조를 나타내기 위한 계층 그래프를 정의한 다. 4장에서는 위치 K-익명성을 위한 은폐를 계층 그래프에 적용한 방법과 비용 모델을 제시한다. 마 지막으로 5장에서는 본 논문을 요약하고 향후 연구 에 대해 논의한다. 2. 관련 연구 및 연구 동기
Identification and characterisation of oil sludge degrading bacteria isolated from compost

Abstract Compounds present in oil sludge such as polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are known to be cytotoxic, mutagenic and potentially carcinogenic. Microorganisms including bacteria and fungi have been reported to degrade oil sludge components to innocuous compounds such as carbon dioxide, water and salts. In the present study, we isolated different bacteria with PAH-degrading capabilities from compost prepared from oil sludge and animal manures. These bacteria were isolated on a mineral base medium and mineral salt agar plates. A total of 31 morphologically distinct isolates were carefully selected from 5 different compost treatments for identification using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) of the 16S rRNA gene with specific primers (universal forward 16S-P1 PCR and reverse 16S-P2 PCR). The amplicons were sequenced and sequences were compared with the known nucleotides from the GenBank. The phylogenetic analyses of the isolates showed that they belong to 3 different clades; Firmicutes, Proteobacteria and Actinobacteria. These bacteria identified were closely related to the genera Bacillus, Arthrobacter, Staphylococcus, Brevibacterium, Variovorax, Paenibacillus, Ralstonia and Geobacillus. The results showed that Bacillus species were predominant in all composts. Based on the results of the degradation of the PAHs in the composts and results of previous studies on bacterial degradation of hydrocarbons in oil, the characteristics of these bacterial isolates suggests that they may be responsible for the breakdown of PAHs of different molecular weights in the composts. Thus, they may be potentially useful for bioremediation of oil sludge during compost bioremediation.