Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
An “almost exhaustive” search‐based sequential permutation method for detecting epistasis in disease association studies

Due to the complex nature of common diseases, their etiology is likely to involve “uncommon but strong” (UBS) interactive effects—i.e. allelic combinations that are each present in only a small fraction of the patients but associated with high disease risk. However, the identification of such effects using standard methods for testing association can be difficult. In this work, we introduce a method for testing interactions that is particularly powerful in detecting UBS effects. The method consists of two modules—one is a pattern counting algorithm designed for efficiently evaluating the risk significance of each marker combination, and the other is a sequential permutation scheme for multiple testing correction. We demonstrate the work of our method using a candidate gene data set for cardiovascular and coronary diseases with an injected UBS three‐locus interaction. In addition, we investigate the power and false rejection properties of our method using data sets simulated from a joint dominance three‐locus model that gives rise to UBS interactive effects. The results show that our method can be much more powerful than standard approaches such as trend test and multifactor dimensionality reduction for detecting UBS interactions. Genet. Epidemiol. 34:434–443, 2010. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Consumer Perceptions of a Potential Fresh Ground Beef and Poultry Product

Abstract Consumer concerns with the consumption of fat and cholesterol have encouraged many to seek alternatives to regular ground beef. A sample of Louisiana households was surveyed by mail to examine the willingness of consumers to purchase a blended fresh ground beef and poultry product relative to alternative ground products. Multinomial logit analysis was used to analyze the data. The important variables in the Yes versus No purchase decision for the blended product were: beef is one of the household's two most popular fresh meats, the household had consumed hamburger during the last month, the respondent had mixed the two products in the home, age, single adult head, and Caucasian. Gender, children in the household, education, presence of a homemaker, and family income were less important variables.
The (Lacking) Business Perspective on SOA - Critical Themes in SOA Research

Service-oriented architecture (SOA) has gained much popularity lately, in both practice and academia. Since SOA concepts and technology are maturing, companies have started to engage in larger projects that will fundamentally transform their IS landscapes over the next decade. While the continuously growing body of SOA research is mostly technology-oriented, there is a need to review the current state of SOA research in light of the strategic, organizational, and technical issues associated with SOA implementation in practice. This paper profiles SOA and Web services research since 2000 with a focus on SOA practices, adoption, and impact. Drawing on a sample of 175 papers in academic journals and conference proceedings, we classify the research themes and explore the most salient topics. Our analysis finds that SOA research is still at an early stage, thereby reflecting the novelty of the underlying technologies. We conclude that business aspects remain underserved, highlighting a number of research opportunities for the IS community.
Prevalence of Vitamin D Insufficiency in African American Children with Forearm Fractures: A Preliminary Study

Objectives Forearm fractures account for a significant proportion of childhood injuries and seem to be increasing in incidence. Poor vitamin D status increases overall fracture risk in infants with rickets and adults with osteoporosis. Children with vitamin D insufficiency (serum 25-hydroxy vitamin D level <20 ng/mL) have decreased bone mineral density (BMD) compared with children having normal vitamin D status. The relationship between vitamin D status and childhood forearm fracture has not been investigated. Methods This prospective study enrolled African American children, aged 5 to 9 years, with a forearm fracture. Bone health evaluation included measurement of serum 25-hydroxy vitamin D level and BMD by dual energy x-ray absorptiometry scan. Univariable analyses were used to test the associations between fracture status and the independent variables, serum vitamin D level and BMD. Results Vitamin D levels were available for 17 cases. The mean (±SD) 25-hydroxy vitamin D level was 20.1 (±7.3) ng/mL with a range of 10 to 38 ng/mL. The mean of this group was at the cut point for vitamin D insufficiency. Ten cases (59%) were vitamin D insufficient. Dual energy x-ray absorptiometry scan results for these patients were consistent with normal bony mineralization for age. Conclusions A significant proportion of African American children with fractures in our study have vitamin D insufficiency. Analysis of serum 25-hydroxy vitamin D levels and BMD in additional cases and controls will determine the significance of these findings. Clinical Relevance Vitamin D insufficiency may play a previously unrecognized role in childhood fractures. Strong consideration should be given to routine vitamin D testing in African American children with forearm fractures.
The Influence of the Media in Shaping International Tourist Patterns

Motivational research has suggested that the source of data about destinations may influence the desire of tourists to visit those destinations. “The medium is the message” according to McLuhan. In examining the nature and development of tourist destinations it is clear that a variety of media sources have shaped the information about and images of those destinations. The paper examines, by way of general discussion and the use of specific examples, the role of the different forms of media in shaping international travel patterns. The paper discusses the links between literature and the establishment of 19th and early 20th Century tourist destinations in determining a pattern still prevalent today. It examines the use of images in popular visual media forms in creating new destinations and expectations among international travellers. A broad general model linking the form of media, the type of tourist and the characteristics of the destination is proposed and discussed briefly.
Nitric oxide is involved in the formation of learning and memory in rats: studies using passive avoidance response and Morris water maze task.

The study was designed to test whether blockade of endogenous NO production affects learning and memory formation in rats. The rats received an intracerebroventricular (i.c.v.) injection of the inhibitor of nitric oxide synthase, N omega-nitro-L-arginine (NAME), 30 min before each training, and were then tested in the one-trial passive avoidance response and Morris water maze task, respectively. The results showed that: (1) among four concentrations of drug used, only doses higher than 3 mumol of i.c. v. NAME impaired learning and memory formation significantly (p < 0.05) in both test models; (2) in Morris water maze task, the animals treated with highest dose of NAME (5 mumol) failed to learn while those treated with lower doses succeeded; (3) in Morris water maze task, the i.c. v. NAME, even in higher doses, did not affect the capacity of finding a visible platform. It is suggested that NO is involved in learning and memory formation by potentiating or facilitating mainly the acquisition process.
The sensory panel applied to textile goods – a new marketing tool

Increasingly consumers are looking for good feeling and comfort when they buy textile goods. To respond to these demands, sensory tools are requested by industrialists to evaluate such notions. Many studies have been performed and many device developments have taken place in the textile area such as mechanical, thermal and surface testing, so as to evaluate the related physical properties, but the links between measurement and the consumer feeling of comfort are still difficult to establish. Based on studies already performed in the food industry, the development of the sensory panel applied to textile goods has been implemented. In this paper, the sensory panel will be developed and some examples will illustrate the different procedures.
CORPORATE GOVERNANCE AND EXTERNAL FINANCE: AN EMPIRICAL STUDY OF THE BANKING AND FINANCIAL SECTOR OF THE

This research explains the relationship between corporate governance and external finance. It uses a set of independent variables mainly related to disclosure and transparency to check the corporate governance level of the firm and its effect on external finance. The analysis of data of 30 companies listed on the KSE is done for a time period spanning over 5 years from 2007 to 2011. The empirical findings of the study depict a positive relationship between good corporate governance practices and external financing thus validating the notion that the companies tend to follow better governance practices when they need to generate funds externally. The study uses size as a control variable and finds out that larger firms are more prone to be following a good standard of corporate governance as they have to access more external
Clearance of Borrelia burgdorferi May Not Be Required for Resistance to Experimental Lyme Arthritis

ABSTRACT Infection of inbred mouse strains with Borrelia burgdorferi results in the development of experimental Lyme arthritis. The degree of arthritic pathology has been suggested to correlate with the level of spirochete burden within tissues. To investigate this further, we infected resistant DBA/2 (DBA) and susceptible C3H/HeJ (C3H) mice in the hind footpads and monitored arthritis development for 21 days. To quantitate levels of spirochetes within tissues, we created a competitive PCR molecule containing modified ospA and fla gene segments. C3H mice developed severe arthritis of the tibiotarsal joints, while DBA mice developed only mild inflammation throughout the experimental period. At day 21, when the gross size and histologic composition of ankles revealed significant differences in arthritis between the strains, there was little difference in levels of spirochete DNA as determined by competitive PCR. Cultures of ankle tissue at day 21 were also uniformly positive in both C3H and DBA animals and contained relatively similar levels of spirochetes. These results indicate that the presence of spirochetes in the ankles of experimental animals is not sufficient for arthritis development. Since arthritic and nonarthritic animals can harbor relatively equal spirochete burdens yet retain their distinct phenotypic outcomes, an aberrant or overly exuberant immune response may be an additional requirement for pathology in arthritis-prone mice.
Multi-attribute Performance Models for Small Manufacturing Enterprises

Nowadays, there are huge environmental changes in the business world. These changes have resulted in tremendous growth and opportunities for new markets but also in challenges that threaten the operations and survival of firms. These competitive pressures are driving firms to re-evaluate their competitive strategies, supply chains, and manufacturing technologies in order to improve performance and survive long term. Small and medium-sized enterprises also face these challenges, which influence their operations and existence. They are significantly constrained by remarkable limitations in terms of financial resources as well as non-financial factors, such as informal strategic decisions and actions. Reports have revealed that small enterprises are vulnerable to failure. Only around 50% of them in Canada and the United States survive for more than five years. Focusing on financial measures alone is not a good strategy for guaranteeing the long term success of a business. The absence of objective and formal strategic decisions and performance measurement systems in small enterprises increase their chances of failure. Therefore, models have been developed that assess and translate informal and qualitative in small enterprises into measurable, quantitative data. This allows for the evaluation and measurement of decisions and actions, which increases the chances of success for a small enterprise. Using the multi-criteria decision methodology (MCDM) allows for the following: integrating and linking various levels of decision-making and processes, converting subjective information into objective decision making, executing individual business preferences, and ranking strategic attributes and business processes.
Consumer Cluster Analysis and Demand for Blueberry Jam Attributes

Using a recent in-store stated choice survey, this study examines consumer preference and willingness to pay for blueberry jam with quality attributes not commonly seen on the market. A cluster analysis is first adopted to classify consumers into different groups based on a large number of consumer characteristic variables. A spilt sample analysis is conducted under each cluster and results indicate that consumers behave differently in separate clusters and the derived economic values associated with each attribute also depend on cluster membership.
Surgery Combined with Oncological Treatments in Liver Metastases from Colorectal Cancer

The patients with colorectal liver metastases used to have a rather disappointing prognosis in the past. At present there is moderate possibility for cure with liver resection. In addition more patients are accessible for liver resection and potential cure when modern chemotherapy combined with biological agents is used. At the time of diagnosis liver metastases of 10–20% of patients are resectable. Potentially unresectable metastases can be converted to resectable in 10–15% of patients with advances in surgery together with improved oncological therapy. Resection rate increases linearly with the response rate to chemotherapy. In this century the 5-year survival rates after resection have improved remarkably being around 50% in many reports. Multidisciplinary management of metastatic colorectal cancer has increased the number of patients with potentially curative treatment and has improved patient survival.
ANALISIS PENERAPAN CORPORATE SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY (CSR) TERHADAP PROFITABILITAS PERUSAHAAN (Studi Kasus PT Hanjaya Mandala Sampoerna Tbk)

This purpose of research was to determine the company's ability to generate profitability before implementing Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) after applying the Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) in PT Hanjaya Mandala Sampoerna Tbk. This research uses ROA as a measure of profitability ratios. The sample used financial statements of PT Hanjaya Mandala Sampoerna Tbk before menerakan CSR in 1996-2000 and after implementing CSR in 2008-2012. Method data collection who used in this research is secondary data, which obtained from Bursa Efek Indonesia (BEI) and from official website company's. Method data analysis who used statistical test descriptive, Based on the results testing of statistic descriptive there are increase profitability after the application of CSR. Keywords: Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR), Profitability, Return on Asstes (ROA).
Innervation and structure of extraocular muscles in the monkey in comparison to those of the cat

Motoneurones that innervate the medial rectus, lateral rectus, and accessory lateral rectus muscles in the monkey have been identified and localized by retrograde transport of horseradish peroxidase. Medial rectus motoneurones were located within both dorsal and ventral regions of the oculomotor nucleus, with a differential distribution along the rostral‐caudal axis of the nucleus. Lateral rectus motoneurones were located predominantly within the abducens nucleus, and were distributed throughout the rostral‐caudal extent of the nucleus. Motoneurones that innervate the accessory lateral rectus muscle comprised a group of large cells located approximately 0.5 mm ventral to the rostral protion of the abducens nucleus, corresponding to the ventral abducens nucleus of Tsuchida ('06). The ventral subgroup of abducens motoneurones, which innervate both the lateral rectus and accessory lateral rectus muscles, thus do not occupy a brain stem location similar to the cat accessory abducens nucleus, whose motoneurones innervate the retractor bulbi muscle, to which the accessory lateral rectus muscle presumably is homologous. A few accessory lateral rectus motoneurones also were located within the abducens nucleus, overlapping the distribution of lateral rectus motoneurones.
Asymmetry Barriers to Corporate Governance Effectiveness

Ali, S.M. R. , Anwar, G.M. J. 200. Asymmetry barriers to Corporate Governance Effectiveness. J.Innov. Dev.Strategy. 3(2): 35-46 This study investigates various asymmetries that surround the board of directors, managers and shareholders and inhibit corporate governance effectiveness. It suggests to overcome a fundamental misconception that information asymmetry is the only form of asymmetry affecting corporate governance success. It also suggests that managers should undertake a perceptual view towards governance success through grasping the interrelatedness of various sources and aspects of asymmetry generated by lack of people skills geared by various cognitive, affective, and behavioural biases that affect both managers at all levels of the organization, including the corporate board.
The Production Administrative Structure: A Paradigm for Strategic Fit

This paper presents the manufacturing production management system as an administrative structure intimately and interactively fitted into the context of the firm. Drawing on the literatures of organization theory and strategy, a contingent-theoretic view is posed, suggesting that the production administrative structure (PAS), along with its administrative context, must maintain a dynamic fit with the evolving strategy and environment of the firm.
The Application of Empirical Strategic Management Research to Supply Chain Management

As the field of logistics has evolved into a broader scope of supply chain management (SCM), researchers in this field have responded by incorporating theories and methodologies from neighboring disciplines. At the same time, strategy researchers have increasingly focused on supply chain topics since SCM has become an important source of competitive advantage for many firms. This study reviews strategy literature relevant to supply chain researchers. More than 100 articles relevant to SCM drawn primarily from top strategic management journals are reviewed and categorized. This review attempts to systematically introduce the application of empirical strategy research to SCM. It is hoped that the common ground revealed in this review can facilitate future interaction between supply chain and strategy researchers.
How is Manifest Branding Strategy Related to the Intangible Value of a Corporation?

Firms exhibit or “manifest” three types of branding strategies: corporate branding, house of brands, or mixed branding. These strategies differ in their essential structure and in their potential costs and benefits to the firm. Prior research has failed to understand how these branding strategies are related to the intangible value of the firm. The authors investigate this relationship using five-year data for a sample of 113 U.S. firms. They find that corporate branding strategy is associated with higher values of Tobin's q, and mixed branding strategy is associated with lower values of Tobin's q, after controlling for the effects of several important and relevant factors. The relationships of the control variables are consistent with prior expectations. In addition, most of the firms would have been able to improve their Tobin's q had they adopted a branding strategy different from the one their brand portfolios revealed. The authors also discuss implications and future research directions.
World Review of Laparoscopic Liver Resection—2,804 Patients

Objective:To provide a review of the world literature on laparoscopic liver resection. Summary Background Data:Initially described for peripheral, benign tumors resected by nonanatomic wedge resections, minimally invasive liver resections are now being performed more frequently, even for larger, malignant tumors located in challenging locations. Although a few small review articles have been reported, a comprehensive review on laparoscopic liver resection has not been published. Methods:We conducted a literature search using Pubmed, screening all English publications on laparoscopic liver resections. All data were analyzed and apparent case duplications in updated series were excluded from the total number of patients. Tumor type, operative characteristics, perioperative morbidity, and oncologic outcomes were tabulated. Results:A total of 127 published articles of original series on laparoscopic liver resection were identified, and accounted for 2,804 reported minimally invasive liver resections. Fifty percent were for malignant tumors, 45% were for benign lesions, 1.7% were for live donor hepatectomies, and the rest were indeterminate. Of the resections, 75% were performed totally laparoscopically, 17% were hand-assisted, and 2% were laparoscopic-assisted open hepatic resection (hybrid) technique, with the remainder being other techniques or conversions to open hepatectomies. The most common laparoscopic liver resection was a wedge resection or segmentectomy (45%) followed by anatomic left lateral sectionectomy (20%), right hepatectomy (9%), and left hepatectomy (7%). Conversion from laparoscopy to open laparotomy and from laparoscopy to hand-assisted approach occurred in 4.1% and 0.7% of reported cases, respectively. Overall mortality was 9 of 2,804 patients (0.3%), and morbidity was 10.5%, with no intraoperative deaths reported. The most common cause of postoperative death was liver failure. Postoperative bile leak was observed in 1.5% of cases. For cancer resections, negative surgical margins were achieved in 82% to 100% of reported series. The 5-year overall and disease-free survival rates after laparoscopic liver resection for hepatocellular carcinoma were 50% to 75% and 31% to 38.2%, respectively. The 3-year overall and disease-free survival rates after laparoscopic liver resection for colorectal metastasis to the liver were 80% to 87% and 51%, respectively. Conclusion:In experienced hands, laparoscopic liver resections are safe with acceptable morbidity and mortality for both minor and major hepatic resections. Oncologically, 3- and 5-year survival rates reported for hepatocellular carcinoma and colorectal cancer metastases are comparable to open hepatic resection, albeit in a selected group of patients.
DRIVERS OF ORGANIZATIONAL INNOVATIVENESS AMONG SMEs IN MALAYSIA HALAL INDUSTRY

The Malaysia Halal Industry has been one of the lucrative and profitable areas of business in Malaysia with estimated global market value (food and non food) of US$2.1 trillion annually (Industry, 2006). The increasing awareness to select halal products has created a great demand for halal products and services. Malaysia is in a unique spot to become a global halal hub due to its outstanding infrastructure, favourable business atmosphere and well established policies and institutions that support initiatives engaged by the Malaysian Government. Unfortunately, majority of the entrepreneurs (SMEs) are unable to sustain in the market as after three years, the brand name disappear due to innovation, high competition with multinational companies and financial constraints.The main purpose of this paper is to emphasize the drivers of innovativeness in improving business performance among SMEs.Many theorists agreed that the organizational development depends on low or high level of innovativeness. This paper is based on the management behavior towards innovativeness which is crucial for enhancing business performance. It also highlighted the drivers of innovativeness in SMEs Malaysia Halal Industry and a framework for future empirical investigation is proposed.