Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Outcome Scoring Systems for Short-term Prognosis in Critically Ill Cirrhotic Patients

Cirrhotic patients admitted to intensive care units (ICUs) have high mortality rates. This study evaluated specific predictors and scoring systems for hospital and 6-month mortality in critically ill cirrhotic patients. This investigation is a prospective clinical study performed in a 10-bed specialized hepatogastroenterology ICU in a tertiary care university hospital in Taiwan. Two hundred two consecutive cirrhotic patients admitted to the ICU during a 2-year period were enrolled in this study. Demographic, clinical, and laboratory variables recorded on the first day of ICU admission and scoring systems applied were prospectively recorded for post hoc analysis for predicting survival. The overall hospital mortality was 59.9%, and the 6-month mortality rate was 70.8%. The main causes of cirrhosis were hepatitis B (29%), hepatitis C (22%), and alcoholism (20%). The major cause of ICU admission was upper gastrointestinal bleeding (36%). Multiple logistic regression analysis revealed that the Acute Kidney Injury Network (AKIN) score at the 48th hour of ICU admission and the Sequential Organ Failure Assessment (SOFA) as well as the Model for End-Stage Liver Disease scores on the first day of ICU admission were independent risk factors for hospital mortality. The SOFA score had the best discriminatory power (0.872 ± 0.036), whereas the AKIN had the best Youden index (0.57) and the highest correctness of prediction (79%). Cumulative survival rates at the 6-month follow-up after hospital discharge differed significantly (P < 0.05) for AKIN stage 0 vs. stages 1, 2, and 3, and for AKIN stage 1 vs. stage 3. The AKIN, SOFA, and Model for End-stage Liver Disease (MELD) scores showed well discriminative power in predicting hospital mortality in this group of patients. The AKIN scoring system proved to be a reproducible evaluation tool with excellent prognostic abilities for these patients.
Effects of an exercise program on the rehabilitation of patients with spinal cord injury.

OBJECTIVES To evaluate the impact of directed physical exercise in patients with spinal cord injury (SCI) and to measure functional independence before and after an exercise program. DESIGN Case series. SETTING Tertiary care center. PARTICIPANTS Thirteen volunteers with thoracic SCI. INTERVENTION Patients participated in a 16-week exercise program, consisting of 3 weekly 120-minute sessions. They performed mobility, strength, coordination, aerobic resistance, and relaxation activities. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES The FIM instrument, arm crank exercise test, wheelchair skills, maximum strength, anthropometry (body composition measurements), and lipid levels. The results were processed by using nonparametric statistical tests. RESULTS After comparing the values at the beginning and end of the program, patients showed a significant increase in the following parameters: average FIM score (p < .001) 113 +/- 7.1; weight lifted in the bench press exercise (46%, p < .0001), military press (14%, p < .0002), and butterfly press exercise (23%, p < .0001), and number of repetitions for biceps (10%, p <.0001), triceps (18%, p < .0001), shoulder abductors (61%, p < .0001), abdominals (33%, p <.009), and curl back neck exercise (19%, p < .0001). The maximum resistance achieved during the arm crank exercise test increased (p < .001), and heart rate 6 minutes after the exercise test decreased (p <.05). The time required for the wheelchair skill tests significantly decreased in all the tasks. No statistically significant changes occurred in body weight (p < .154), percentage of body fat (p < .156), lean body weight (p < .158), cholesterol/high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio (p < .076), or maximum heart rate (p < .20). The only complication arose in a patient who developed transient sinus bradycardia and hypotension after the arm crank exercise test. CONCLUSION The directed exercise program had a positive impact for most of the variables of the study.
PATRIMONIO ARQUEOLÓGICO Y ORDENAMIENTO TERRITORIAL UNA EXPERIENCIA DE MANEJO COSTERO INTEGRADO EN EL DISEÑO DEL PLAN LOCAL DEL BALNEARIO KIYÙ, DEPARTAMENTO DE SAN JOSÉ, URUGUAY.

En el ano 2008, en el Uruguay se promulga la Ley No 18.308, de Ordenamiento Territorialy Desarrollo Sustentable abriendose una oportunidad de avanzar en la gestion del patrimoniocultural y en el desarrollo de la disciplina arqueologica. Dado que el patrimonio cultural adquiereun rol preponderante en la gestion del territorio, se hace necesario el establecimiento de criterios yreglamentaciones especificos de conservacion y uso de estos bienes patrimoniales. En el marco de estanormativa se establece, tambien una Directriz Nacional de Ordenamiento Territorial del Espacio Costerola cual recomienda al denominado Manejo Costero Integrado (M.C.I.), como principal herramienta demanejo de las diferentes actuaciones y conflictos que existen actualmente en la zona costera. En estecontexto, se presenta el caso del diseno del Plan Local de Ordenamiento Territorial de un balneario dela costa del Rio de la Plata, denominado Kiyu, y la articulacion de los aspectos ligados a la gestion delpatrimonio arqueologico prehistorico del area. En el analisis de este caso se pretende dar cuenta delalcance de este nuevo contexto normativo para avanzar en el proceso de incorporacion de la arqueologiaen la planificacion territorial y desarrollo sustentable de la zona costera.
RECOVERY OF LITHIUM AND RUBIDIUM FROM WASTE AQUEOUSLEACHATES BY MICROALGAE

Bioaccumulation of rubidium (Rb) and lithium (Li) from waste alkaline leachates obtained by calcinations of mineral zinnwaldite was studied in a laboratory setting using three strains of freshwater microalgae (Chlorella vulgaris, Desmodesmus quadricauda and Scenedesmus obliquus). Concentrations of Li and Rb were in the range of 0 to 5 mg/L. Bioaccumulation of Li was negligible in all tested strains. Bioaccumulation of Rb was the highest for C. vulgaris; four days after the addition of the metal leachate the accumulation reached 53% of the original amount. Addition of leachate (containing 4.8 mg/L of Rb and 3.0 mg/L of Li) to C. vulgaris practically did not affect the growth rate of the algae. The most important conclusion is the observation that bioaccumulation of Li and Rb, unlike adsorption on traditional sorbents, is selective. This finding has potential practical utilization.
Dopamine‐receptor autoradiography of human narcoleptic brain

Although the pathology of human narcolepsy is unknown, studies of human and canine narcolepsy have suggested that dopamine metabolism may be disturbed. We used quantitative autoradiography to assess dopamine D1- and D2-receptor binding in basal ganglia and amygdala of five narcoleptic and 17 control human brains. In caudate, narcoleptic brains had a statistically significant increase of 57% in D1- receptor binding, and large but not significant increases of 54% in medial globus pallidus D1 binding, 63% in caudate D2-receptor binding, 95% in lateral globus pallidus D2 binding, and 93% in lateral amygdala D2 binding. We found no major changes in the putamen or in the basal or accessory basal nuclei of the amygdala. These results suggest that narcolepsy is associated with upregulation of dopamine receptors in specific areas of the brain, although medications used prior to death may have contributed to the findings.
La tunnélisation : revue de la littérature d'une technique de chirurgie plastique parodontale micro-invasive

L’apparition de recessions gingivales affecte grandement nos patients qui les percoivent comme une maladie evolutive et une alteration de leur esthetique bucco-dentaire, voire comme une forme de vieillissement premature. Differentes techniques sont a la disposition du praticien pour recouvrir les recessions gingivales et augmenter les tissus mous : greffes gingivales libres, lambeaux pedicules, greffes de tissu conjonctif, regeneration tissulaire guidee… Cependant, du fait de l’evolution de l’exigence esthetique, il faut non seulement recouvrir la recession, mais la greffe de tissu conjonctif doit egalement s’integrer esthetiquement dans le contexte gingival des patients. La technique de tunnelisation, qui a su s’ameliorer au cours des annees, repond a cette demande. Cette technique autorise le traitement simultane de recessions gingivales multiples, sans incision de decharge, en une seule intervention, avec une cicatrisation initiale rapide, esthetique et hautement predictible.
A TRAJETÓRIA RECENTE DA POLÍTICA DE HABITAÇÃO SOCIAL NO BRASIL

Este artigo objetiva refletir sobre as mudancas recentes ocorridas na trajetoria da politica de habitacao social no Brasil. Debate as propostas e realizacoes do Projeto Moradia, lancado no ano 2000, para a reducao de deficit habitacional brasileiro ate a implementacao do Programa Minha Casa Minha Vida. A partir de um referencial teorico sobre o tema e visita aos sites oficiais do governo, e possivel verificar que, a partir de 2009, ocorreu uma mudanca no rumo da referida politica. A moradia deixou de ser vista como um direito e passou a ser tratada como uma mercadoria e objeto de consumo. Estudos recentes ja revelam que os empreendimentos do Minha Casa Minha Vida para a populacao mais pobre estao sendo construidos em localidades distantes dos centros das cidades, onde o preco da terra e mais barato. A deficiencia de transporte publico, equipamentos sociais e seguranca nao condizem com o modelo de politica habitacional sugerido pelo Projeto Moradia.
Prominent Stress Response of Purkinje Cells in Creutzfeldt–Jakob Disease

To examine the role of stress-related 70-kDa heat shock proteins (Hsp-s) in Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (CJD), we performed immunocytochemistry to detect Hsp-72 and Hsp-73, together with the abnormal (PrP(Sc)) and the presumed cellular form (PrP(C)) of the prion protein, and TUNEL method to measure cellular vulnerability in different brain regions in CJD and control cases. While Hsp-73 showed uniform distribution in all the examined samples, an increase in the number of Purkinje cells with prominent accumulation of Hsp-72 in the CJD group was observed. These neurons also showed intense PrP(C) staining, but TUNEL-positive nuclei were only detected in the granular (Hsp-72-negative) cell layer. Fewer cells of the inferior olivary nucleus were immunoreactive for Hsp-72 in CJD than in control cases, and regions showing severe spongiform change and gliosis exhibited fewer Hsp-72-immunoreactive neurons. Our results indicate that accumulation of the inducible Hsp-72 in certain cell types may be part of a cytoprotective mechanism, which includes preservation of proteins like PrP(C).
The population genetics of Drosophila transposable elements.

The theoretical and empirical studies reviewed here yield the conclusion that Drosophila TEs are maintained in populations as a result of transpositional increase in copy number, and that their spread is checked by one or more opposing forces. In other words, the concept that TEs are essentially intragenomic parasites is supported
Electrophysiological Evidence of Semantic Interference in Visual Search

Visual evoked responses were monitored while participants searched for a target (e.g., bird) in a four-object display that could include a semantically related distractor (e.g., fish). The occurrence of both the target and the semantically related distractor modulated the N2pc response to the search display: The N2pc amplitude was more pronounced when the target and the distractor appeared in the same visual field, and it was less pronounced when the target and the distractor were in opposite fields, relative to when the distractor was absent. Earlier components (P1, N1) did not show any differences in activity across the different distractor conditions. The data suggest that semantic distractors influence early stages of selecting stimuli in multielement displays.
Techniques in Cementation for Hip Hemiarthroplasty Summary

Hip fractures in the elderly population remain a significant public health concern. With a rise in the incidence of osteoporosis, orthopaedic surgeons must be familiar with different fixation options in both trauma and arthroplasty to minimize complications and implant failure following treatment of femoral neck fractures. Cemented hip hemiarthroplasty is a reliable method for restoring functional mobility and early rehabilitation after femoral neck fractures, but the technical aspects of the procedure are challenging. If used effectively, however, cementation decreases implant loosening and the risk of periprosthetic fracture, thereby decreasing the potential for reoperation in this vulnerable population. We describe a technique for ideal cementation of the femoral component of a hip hemiarthroplasty and discuss the indications and implications in specific patient populations.
Occupational therapists’ descriptions of their work with persons suffering from cognitive impairment following acquired brain injury

The aim of the present study was to investigate how Swedish occupational therapists describe their work with persons suffering from cognitive impairment following acquired brain injury. A qualitative descriptive approach was used and interviews were conducted with 12 occupational therapists working in community and county council care. Qualitative content analysis was used and revealed three main themes: (1) “To make the invisible visible”, (2) “To collaborate—a prerequisite for success”, and (3) “Dilemmas to handle”. The findings showed a complex scenario where the occupational therapists worked to make the cognitive impairments visible to themselves, the clients, and persons close to the client. Collaboration was perceived as a key factor. The dilemmas concerned different aspects in the rehabilitation process, which affected the occupational therapists’ work with the clients. Identified areas in need of improvement are prioritizations and additional education regarding both intervention methods and theory. A reluctance to use standardized assessments was expressed and research that identifies and overcomes those hindrances in clinical practice is needed. Therapeutic use of self was described as important. To understand and illuminate the occupational therapists’ comprehension of the concept further research is required.
Use of Aminoglycosides in Treatment of Infections Due to Intracellular Bacteria

Soon after antibiotics were introduced into medical practice, authors pointed out that microorganisms capable of surviving within phagocytic cells may be protected from the killing actions of antibiotics with a poor ability to cross the eukaryotic cell membrane, leading to therapy failures and disease relapses (86, 108). Following the pioneering work by Bonventre et al. (21) that showed that mouse peritoneal macrophages were impermeable to streptomycin in vitro, the aminoglycosides have been included in such a category. Failure of streptomycin and other aminoglycosides to treat infections due to strict or facultative intracellular pathogens (e.g., rickettsial diseases, chlamydial diseases, and typhoid fever) have reinforced this point of view. Also, in vitro infected cell systems have been developed to test the activities of antibiotics against intracellular pathogens, and in many instances they have shown the limited intracellular activity of aminoglycosides compared to their strong bactericidal potential in extracellular medium (52, 92). However, at the same time, streptomycin was successfully used to treat infections due to facultative intracellular pathogens, such as tuberculosis (especially tuberculous meningitis) (120), plague (133), brucellosis (160), or tularemia (55). As for tuberculosis, clinical data were concordant with the demonstration by Mackaness et al. (106) that streptomycin could inhibit growth of Mycobacterium tuberculosis within macrophages. Both these clinical and experimental data have been overlooked for several decades. Later experiments by Tulkens et al. (22, 179) have confirmed that aminoglycosides are readily incorporated into phagocytes when these cells are in contact with the antibiotic for prolonged periods (i.e., more than 24 h). The present review deals with the potential role of aminoglycosides, and especially streptomycin, in the antibiotic therapy of infections due to intracellular pathogens. Our goal is to highlight the concept that categorization of aminoglycosides as strictly ineffective against intracellular pathogens is in some ways too simplistic and does not correspond to clinical experience, since aminoglycosides remain in fact a “gold standard” therapy in a number of infections due to intracellularly surviving pathogens.
BlueBat: Towards Practical Bluetooth Honeypots

It is still difficult to assess the real danger posed by Bluetooth-propagated malware. BlueBat is an effort to build and deploy a practical honeypot for capturing in-the-wild samples and empirically study malware prevalence. This paper describes the design and implementation of a first prototype, focusing on Bluetooth worms propagating over the OBEX Push service. We develop and perform initial field testing of different types of sensors, in order to achieve an optimal collection capability. We analyze the results of the field tests, and demonstrate various design constraints. Also, from these preliminary tests, we cast some doubts on the prevalence of in-the-wild Bluetooth worms, and hint at some reasons why such threat could be more limited than previously thought.
Amateur boxing in the last 59 years. Impact of rules changes on the type of verdicts recorded and implications on boxers’ health

Background/aim Several changes have occurred in Olympic boxing (OB) in the last few decades, influencing the results in official competitions. The aim of this study was to assess how the evolution of rules changed the rate of the results that can influence boxers’ health. Methods From a web-research, the results of OB tournaments from 1952 to 2011 were reviewed (29 357 bouts). For each event, rate of knockout (KO), referee-stop contest (RSC), RSC-Head (RSCH), RSC-Injury (RSCI), RSC-Outclassed (RSCO), abandon, disqualification and points decisions were recorded. In our analysis we investigated the changes that occurred after the introduction of the standing-count rule (1964), mandatory head guard (1984), computerised scoring system (1992), RSCO (2000–2009) and modification of bout formula 3×3 min rounds (3×3, until 1997, 5×2 min rounds (5×2) until 1999, 4×2 min rounds (4×2) until 2008, 3×3 from 2009). Results The most important results were: (1) an RSCI rate increase (0.72–2.42%, p<0.03) after the standing-count rule; (2) a lower RSCI (0.60%, p<0.001) and higher RSCH (1.31–4.92%, p<0.001) and RSC (9.71–13.05%, p<0.03) rate with mandatory head guard; (3) a KO rate reduction (6.44–2.09%, p<0.001) with the computerised scoring system; (4) an RSC (13.15–5.91%, p<0.05) and RSCH (4.23–1.41%, p<0.001) rate reduction comparing 5×2–4×2 bouts. Conclusions In the last six decades, along with rule changes in OB, a clear reduction of health challenging results was observed. In the near future, older rules will be adopted (no head guard and a manual scoring system). Continued medical surveillance is important to ensure that new rule changes do not result in poor medical outcomes for the boxers.
Why we hate IT: two surveys on pre-generated and expiring passwords in an academic setting

We performed two surveys to understand how members of a university managed their passwords. At password creation, the university offered people four pre-generated random passwords, with the option of creating their own subject to stringent requirements. All passwords expired after 120days. We found that most respondents chose to create their own password and utilized coping strategies that undermined the security of the requirements, as well as reporting that the expiration times were too short. We also attempt to connect these behaviors to respondents' other password habits and demographics. We conclude that pre-generated random passwords, stringent password requirements, and rapid password expiration dates are unusable security requirements for most people and lead users to subvert password requirements and reuse passwords. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Transfer Regression via Pairwise Similarity Regularization

Transfer learning methods address the situation where little labeled training data from the "target" problem exists, but much training data from a related "source" domain is available. However, the overwhelming majority of transfer learning methods are designed for simple settings where the source and target predictive functions are almost identical, limiting the applicability of transfer learning methods to real world data. We propose a novel, weaker, property of the source domain that can be transferred even when the source and target predictive functions diverge. Our method assumes the source and target functions share a Pairwise Similarity property, where if the source function makes similar predictions on a pair of instances, then so will the target function. We propose Pairwise Similarity Regularization Transfer, a flexible graph-based regularization framework which can incorporate this modeling assumption into standard supervised learning algorithms. We show how users can encode domain knowledge into our regularizer in the form of spatial continuity, pairwise "similarity constraints" and how our method can be scaled to large data sets using the Nystrom approximation. Finally, we present positive and negative results on real and synthetic data sets and discuss when our Pairwise Similarity transfer assumption seems to hold in practice.
Spontaneous assembly of a monolayer of charged gold nanocrystals at the water/oil interface.

Novel materials based on 2D and 3D arrays of nanocrystalline building blocks can be prepared from colloidal suspensions by controlled processing. There is a large effort in this field due to the exciting electrical, magnetic 5] and optical properties of such systems, which can be tuned by the size of the building blocks and the interactions between them. Ordered arrays of uncharged, sterically stabilized nanocrystals have been successfully obtained by a subtle destabilization of the suspension or by assembly at a liquid/air or liquid/liquid interface. There is, however, an important class of suspensions that are stable owing to the nanocrystal surface charge. Assembly of uncapped, charged nanocrystals into arrays is considerably more difficult as destabilization of a suspension usually leads to uncontrolled coagulation. Herein, we report surprising results that may lead to novel routes for the controlled fabrication of materials from chargestabilized nanocrystal colloids. We have observed that gold nanocrystals spontaneously form a monolayer at the water/oil interface if the surface charge of the nanocrystals is gradually reduced. The separation between the nanocrystals in the layer is smaller than the width of the diffuse electrical double layer. Nevertheless, coagulation of the particles into clumps does not occur. The monolayers are remarkably robust and can be easily transferred to substrates, opening the way to technological applications. The spontaneous 2D assembly of charged nanocrystals is qualitatively described in terms of a reduction of the water/oil interfacial energy upon particle adsorption counteracted by electrostatic repulsion in the film. Suspensions of sterically stabilized and supposedly uncharged gold nanocrystals have been used as model systems for the study of self-assembly. A wealth of gold nanocrystal structures have been reported and their optoelectrical properties are still under investigation. The synthesis of charge-stabilized gold sols is well established. The processing of such sols has been focused on the capping of charged nanocrystals with organic molecules to allow transfer to a