Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Muscle Fitness to Visceral Fat Ratio, Metabolic Syndrome and Ideal Cardiovascular Health Metrics

This study aimed to investigate the association between the muscle fitness to visceral fat level (MVF) ratio and the prevalence of metabolic syndrome (MetS) and ideal cardiovascular health (CVH) metrics among college students. A total of 1467 young adults recruited from the FUPRECOL study (Asociación de la Fuerza Prensil con Manifestaciones Tempranas de Riesgo Cardiovascular en Jóvenes y Adultos Colombianos), were categorized into four quartiles based on their MVF ratio. Muscular fitness was assessed using a digital handgrip dynamometer and visceral fat level was determined through bioelectrical impedance analysis. Ideal CVH was assessed, including lifestyle characteristics, anthropometry, blood pressure, and biochemical parameters. The body weight, waist circumference, body mass index (BMI), fat mass, fat mass index, and visceral fat level were significantly higher in subjects in Q1 (lower MVF ratio) than those in Q2, Q3, or Q4 (p < 0.001). The muscle fitness (handgrip and normalized grip strength (NGS)) of the subjects in Q4 was significantly greater than that of those in Q1 to Q2 (p < 0.001). Subjects with a medium-high MVF ratio (i.e., 3⁻4th quartiles) had an odds ratio of 2.103 of ideal CVH metrics after adjusting for age, gender, university, and alcohol intake (95% confidence interval (CI) 1.832 to 2.414; p < 0.001). A lower MVF ratio is associated with worse CVH metrics and a higher prevalence of MetS in early adulthood, supporting the hypothesis that the MVF ratio could be used as a complementary screening tool that could help clinicians identify young adults with unfavorable levels of CVH and metabolic risk.
The Interprofessional Care Access Network (I-CAN): achieving client health outcomes by addressing social determinants in the community

ABSTRACT Four health professions schools at an academic health science university and a partner state university collaborated to develop the Interprofessional Care Access Network (I-CAN), a model of healthcare delivery and interprofessional education that addresses the Triple Aims for vulnerable populations in three underserved neighborhoods. Program goals were achieved through community-based partnerships and the development of a health-care workforce prepared for competent practice in emerging models of care. In the first three years, almost 600 nursing, medicine, dentistry, and pharmacy students worked with clients referred from community partners, providing interprofessional care coordination addressing life instability and social determinants of health. The evaluation has demonstrated substantial improvement of health-related outcomes for clients who began in the first three years of the program and specifically those who completed intake and follow-up documentation (N = 38). There were substantial reductions in the aggregate number of emergency department visits, emergency medical service calls, and hospitalizations when compared to the 6 months prior to starting I-CAN. Estimated cost savings for the 38 clients, based on minimal estimated costs for these indicators alone, were over $224,000. A three-year qualitative review of client progress notes indicated that as a result of interprofessional student team interventions, many clients improved access to health insurance and primary care, and stabilized housing. Since the evaluation was completed, three programs have been added in rural and urban communities, demonstrating the model is scalable and replicable.
Arginine and manganese supplementation on the immune competence of broilers immune stimulated with vaccine against Salmonella Enteritidis

ABSTRACT This experiment was conducted to evaluate the combined effects of manganese‐amino acid complex and arginine supplementation on the immune competence of broilers. On the day of hatch 640 male Cobb 500 broiler chicks assigned to two study groups (immune stimulate and non‐stimulated). A 2 × 2 factorial arrangement of treatments was used with two manganese sources (MnSO4 or manganese‐amino acid complex ‐ MnAA) and two digestible Arg:Lys ratios (1.12 or 1.20). The treatments are: IM (80 ppm MnSO4); MnAA (40 ppm MnSO4 + 40 ppm MnAA); IM+Arg: 80 ppm MnSO4+ L‐Arg (Arg:DigLys 1.20); MnAA+Arg: 40 ppm MnSO4 + 40 ppm MnAA + L‐Arg (Arg:Lys 1.20). For treatments 1 and 2, the digestible Arg:Lys ratio was 1.12, considered normal for corn‐soybean meal‐based diets. Birds in the immune stimulated group received a dose of Salmonella Enteritidis vaccine. For growth performance and lymphoid organ development, no significant results were observed. Non‐stimulated birds fed diets with Arg supplementation had higher percentage of mucosal T helper, T helper and T cytotoxic, compared to the normal Arg:Lys ratio (1.12). In the immune stimulated birds, broilers fed exclusive IM diet had a higher amount of T helper, T cytotoxic, activated T cytotoxic, and APC cells compared to broilers fed MnAA. The inorganic Mn diets, resulted in higher humoral antibody level (increased IgM levels) only when associated with supplementation of L‐Arg. However, the use of an associated Mn source, could support high levels of IgM in commercial levels of Arg. No differences were observed to macrophage phagocytic activity analyses.
Clear judgments based on unclear evidence: Person evaluation is strongly influenced by untrustworthy gossip.

Affective information about other people's social behavior may prejudice social interactions and bias person judgments. The trustworthiness of person-related information, however, can vary considerably, as in the case of gossip, rumors, lies, or "fake news. " Here, we investigated how spontaneous person likability and explicit person judgments are influenced by trustworthiness, employing event-related potentials as indices of emotional brain responses. Social-emotional information about the (im)moral behavior of previously unknown persons was verbally presented as trustworthy fact (e.g., "He bullied his apprentice") or marked as untrustworthy gossip (by adding, e.g., allegedly), using verbal qualifiers that are frequently used in conversations, news, and social media to indicate the questionable trustworthiness of the information and as a precaution against wrong accusations. In Experiment 1, spontaneous likability, deliberate person judgments, and electrophysiological measures of emotional person evaluation were strongly influenced by negative information yet remarkably unaffected by the trustworthiness of the information. Experiment 2 replicated these findings and extended them to positive information. Our findings demonstrate a tendency for strong emotional evaluations and person judgments even when they are knowingly based on unclear evidence. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2018 APA, all rights reserved).
Interaction Diagrams: Development of a Method for Observing Group Interactions

Recording of team meeting’s processes with electronic devices can be problematic because of the invasiveness of the process: issues with privacy; interpretation difficulty with noise or quiet speech; and distortion of participants’ behaviour. There is a need for less intrusive methods. We developed the interaction diagram method by extending the directed graph nature of sociograms to capture the time sequence of events, including the identification of the person, communication behaviour, and duration of interactions. The method was tested on engineering team meetings. Data processing by quantitative and qualitative analysis is shown to be feasible. Several team roles were observed in the engineering context: Initiator; Passive collector; Explorer; Information provider; Facilitator; Arbitrator; Representative; Gatekeeper; Connector; and Outsider. The work provides a graphical representation of the record of the interaction flow during meetings. It does this without needing video recording. It is also an efficient method, as it does not require subsequent transcription or coding. It provides a procedure to quickly analyse communication situations, identify group roles, and compare group activity at different meetings.
Which outcomes have been measured in hand eczema trials? A systematic review

The considerable heterogeneity of outcomes and measurement instruments in hand eczema trials substantially limits the evidence synthesis concerning therapeutic and preventive interventions. Therefore, the Hand Eczema Core Outcome Set (HECOS) initiative is developing a core outcome set for future trials. The first objective was to identify outcomes that were measured in previous trials, to group them in domains, and to identify their measurement instruments. We conducted a systematic review of controlled and randomized controlled hand eczema trials published since 2000. Sixty‐one eligible studies were identified. Each assessed one or more of 47 outcomes in the “skin” domain. Eighteen trials (30%) additionally focused on preventive behaviour in risk occupations. Quality of life was measured in 13 studies (21%). Thirty‐two distinct named instruments were applied, but 223 measurements (62%) were conducted with unnamed instruments. Only 32 studies (52%) defined a primary outcome. Twenty‐nine trials (48%) provided some information on adverse events, but none gave any references concerning relevant methods. Our review confirms the need to harmonize outcome measurements in hand eczema trials. The findings form the basis for a consensus process to generate a core outcome set to improve the explanatory power and comparability of future hand eczema studies.
Intra-Plaque Vessels on Contrast-Enhanced Ultrasound Sonography Predict Carotid Plaque Histology

Background and Purpose: Although the echogenicity of carotid plaques on carotid enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) was reported to correlate with the historological density of intra-plaque neovessels, it is unclear whether the intra-plaque vessel size is associated with carotid plaque vulnerability. We evaluated the relationship of size of intra-plaque vessels on CEUS with carotid plaque histology. Methods: We prospectively registered patients with carotid stenosis who were hospitalized to receive carotid endarterectomy between 2012 and 2016. CEUS was performed by ultrasound specialists using a 7-MHz linear transducer (GE LOGIQ7; GE Healthcare, Milwaukee, WN, USA). Sonazoid® was used for conducting CEUS. The sizes of microbubbles inside the plaques were scored at 0, 1, 3, and 5 min after the injection of contrast agent, and were categorized according to our defined vascular score (Vas-S; 0: the effect of contrast was not recognized; 1: the microbubbles were visible, but so blurred and vague that their shape could not be recognized; 2: dot or string-like microbubbles with movement, localized in part or the whole site of the plaque). At histological examination, we simplified the modified American Heart Association classification and defined as an atherosclerotic category (Ath-cat; 1: unruptured plaque; 2: ruptured plaque; 3: healed plaque). We then assessed the correlation of Vas-S with Ath-cat, which describes the process of rupture and restoration of carotid plaques. Results: A total of 97 patients were included in this study. A higher Ath-cat was significantly associated with higher Vas-S at any time. Spearman signed-rank test indicated that Vas-S at 1 min was most strongly correlated with Ath-cat (ρ = 0.43, p = 0.001). Receiver operating curve analysis indicated that a Vas-S of 0 at 1 min was significantly associated with an unruptured plaque (area under curve [AUC] 0.72, p = 0.006), while a Vas-S of 2 at 1 min was significantly associated with a healed plaque (AUC 0.72, p = 0.001). Conclusion: Vas-S values of 0 and 2 at 1 min indicated unruptured and healed plaques respectively. Thus, a Vas-S of 1 at 1 min is an indicator of a ruptured plaque. The intra-plaque vessel size on CEUS was significantly associated with carotid plaque histology, and may predict the process of plaque rupture and restoration.
Clinical practice guidelines for IgG4‐related sclerosing cholangitis

IgG4‐related sclerosing cholangitis (IgG4‐SC) is a distinct type of cholangitis frequently associated with autoimmune pancreatitis and currently recognized as a biliary manifestation of IgG4‐related disease. Although clinical diagnostic criteria of IgG4‐SC were established in 2012, differential diagnosis from primary sclerosing cholangitis and cholangiocarcinoma is sometimes difficult. Furthermore, no practical guidelines for IgG4‐SC are available. Because the evidence level of most articles retrieved through searching the PubMed, Cochrane Library, and Igaku Chuo Zasshi databases was below C based on the systematic review evaluation system of clinical practice guidelines MINDS 2014, we developed consensus guidelines using the modified Delphi approach. Three committees (a guideline creating committee, an expert panelist committee for rating statements according to the modified Delphi method, and an evaluating committee) were organized. Eighteen clinical questions (CQs) with clinical statements were developed regarding diagnosis (14 CQs) and treatment (4 CQs). Recommendation levels for clinical statements were set using the modified Delphi approach. The guidelines explain methods for accurate diagnosis, and safe and appropriate treatment of IgG4‐SC.
Effects of strength training to patients undergoing dialysis: a systematic review.

INTRODUCTION Chronic kidney disease is associated with several negative factors that may counteract the potential effects of strength training. The purpose of this systematic review was to explore the effects of strength training on muscle mass, muscle strength, physical function and quality of life in patients undergoing dialysis. METHODS A literature search was conducted in The Cochrane Library, MEDLINE, Embase, CINAHL and PEDro. Eight randomised, controlled trials of patients undergoing haemodialysis (n = 290) were included. RESULTS There were inconsistencies in the results on the effects of strength training on muscle mass. Muscle strength was improved in six of eight tests. Objectively tested physical function remained unchanged. Pooled data for self-rated physical health and physical function from Short Form 36 were improved with strength training (mean (95% confidence interval) 10.05 (2.95-17.14), p = 0.006, and 9.38 (0.79-17.97), p = 0.03, respectively). CONCLUSIONS The results suggest that it may be difficult to increase muscle mass with strength training in patients who are undergoing haemodialysis. Muscle growth may be impaired as a result of several catabolic conditions. Strength training was associated with important clinical outcomes including increased muscle strength and improved self-rated physical health and function.
Isoform specific roles of Broad‐Complex in larval development in Leptinotarsa decemlineata

Broad‐Complex (BrC) is a downstream target of both 20‐hydroxyecdysone and juvenile hormone signalling. BrC regulates morphogenetic changes between nymphal instars in hemimetabolans, whereas it controls pupal commitment, pupal morphogenesis and inhibits adult differentiation in holometabolans. Among five BrC cDNAs (Z1–Z4 and Z6) identified in the Colorado potato beetle, we found in this work that Z1, Z2 and Z6 were mainly expressed at the last (fourth) instar and prepupal stages, whereas the levels of Z3 and Z4 increased during the penultimate (third) instar stage, peaked at the last instar larval phase and gradually decreased at the prepupal and pupal periods. When knocking down all BrC isoforms by RNA interference (RNAi) at the penultimate instar stage, around 20% of the resultant larvae remained as moribund beetles. These moribund BrC RNAi larvae were completely or partially wrapped in old cuticle. Likewise, a portion of larvae treated for a single double‐stranded RNA of Z3, Z4 or Z6 displayed a degree of similar aberrancies, increasing in the order of isoforms Z6 < Z3 < Z4. When silencing all BrC isoforms at the last instar period, most of the RNAi larvae did not normally pupate or emerge as adults. Separately silencing each of the five zinc finger domains revealed that approximately 70% of the Z1 RNAi larvae remained as prepupae, around 60% of the Z6 RNAi specimens formed aberrant prepupae or pupae and about 60% of the Z2 RNAi beetles became deformed pupae. After removal of the old exuviae, these deformed larvae in which either Z1, Z2 or Z6 was depleted possessed adult prothorax and mesothorax, developing antenna, mouthparts and wing discs. Moreover, less than 50% of the resultant pupae finally emerged as adults when either of Z1, Z2 or Z6 was knocked down. Therefore, our findings reveal, for the first time, that the two roles of BrC in insect groups (ie directing morphogenetic changes during juvenile development and regulating larval–pupal–adult metamorphosis) are played by different BrC isoforms in Leptinotarsa decemlineata.
Large‐Area Synthesis of Layered HfS2(1−x)Se2x Alloys with Fully Tunable Chemical Compositions and Bandgaps

Alloying transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs) with different compositions is demonstrated as an effective way to acquire 2D semiconductors with widely tunable bandgaps. Herein, for the first time, the large‐area synthesis of layered HfS2(1−x)Se2x alloys with fully tunable chemical compositions on sapphire by chemical vapor deposition is reported, greatly expanding and enriching the family of 2D TMDs semiconductors. The configuration and high quality of their crystal structure are confirmed by various characterization techniques, and the bandgap of these alloys can be continually modulated from 2.64 to 1.94 eV with composition variations. Furthermore, prototype HfS2(1−x)Se2x photodetectors with different Se compositions are fabricated, and the HfSe2 photodetector manifests the best performance among all the tested HfS2(1−x)Se2x devices. Remarkably, by introducing a hexagonal boron nitride layer, the performance of the HfSe2 photodetector is greatly improved, exhibiting a high on/off ratio exceeding 105, an ultrafast response time of about 190 µs, and a high detectivity of 1012 Jones. This simple and controllable approach opens up a new way to produce high‐quality 2D HfS2(1−x)Se2x layers, which are highly qualified candidates for the next‐generation application in high‐performance optoelectronics.
Activity of Ceftolozane/Tazobactam Against Gram-Negative Rods of the Family Enterobacteriaceae and Pseudomonas Spp. Isolated from Onco-Hematological Patients Hospitalized in a Clinical Hospital in Poland

Background The most common etiological agents of infections in onco-hematological patients are Gram-negative rods resistant to many antimicrobials, including carbapenems. Recently, ceftolozane combined with tazobactam became a novel therapeutic option. The aim of the present study was to analyze the susceptibility to ceftolozane/tazobactam of the clinical strains of these bacteria. Material/Methods Material comprised rectal swabs, urine, and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid obtained from onco-hematological patients hospitalized in a clinical hospital (1050 beds) in Poland. Identification of the isolated bacteria was done by matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization-time of flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS) using the MALDI Biotyper (Bruker). Ceftolozane/tazobactam susceptibility of the isolates was assessed using antimicrobial gradient strips (E-test, BioMérieux). Antimicrobial susceptibility testing and interpretation of the results was done according to the current recommendations of the European Committee on Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing (EUCAST). Results In total, 281 rectal swabs and 116 urine samples were tested for the presence of Gram-negative rods producing ESBL, and 531 rectal swabs and 8 bronchoalveolar lavage fluid samples were tested for the presence of Gram-negative rods resistant to carbapenems. In the analyzed period, 69 non-repetitive strains of bacteria were isolated that were in the spectrum of activity of ceftolozane/tazobactam. Among 44 clinical strains of ESBL(+) Enterobacteriaceae rods, 76% were susceptible to ceftolozane/tazobactam. All 9 strains of non-carbapenemase-producing P. aeruginosa resistant or with decreased susceptibility to carbapenems were susceptible to ceftolozane/tazobactam. Conclusions Ceftolozane/tazobactam may be an option in the therapy of infections caused by ESBL(+) strains of Enterobacteriaceae as well as non-carbapenemase-producing carbapenem-resistant strains of P. aeruginosa.
Current Practices in Ileal Pouch Surveillance for Patients With Ulcerative Colitis: A Multinational, Retrospective Cohort Study.

BACKGROUND AND AIMS There are no universally accepted guidelines regarding surveillance of ulcerative colitis [UC] patients after restorative proctocolectomy and ileal pouch-anal anastomosis [IPAA]. There also exists a lack of validated quality assurance standards for performing pouchoscopy. To better understand IPAA surveillance practices in the face of this clinical equipoise, we carried out a retrospective cohort study at five inflammatory bowel disease [IBD] referral centres. METHODS Records of patients who underwent IPAA for UC or IBD unclassified [IBDU] were reviewed, and patients with <1-year follow-up after restoration of intestinal continuity were excluded. Criteria for determining the risk of pouch dysplasia formation were collected as well as the use of pouchoscopy, biopsies, and completeness of reports. RESULTS We included 272 patients. Median duration of pouch follow-up was 10.5 [3.3-23.6] years; 95/272 [35%] had never undergone pouchoscopy for any indication; 191/272 [70%] had never undergone pouchoscopy with surveillance as the specific indication; and 3/26 [12%] high-risk patients had never undergone pouchoscopy. Two cases of adenocarcinoma were identified, occurring in the rectal cuff of low-risk patients. Patients under the care of surgeons appeared more likely to undergo surveillance, but rates of incomplete reporting were higher among surgeons [78%] than gastroenterologists [54%, p = 0.002]. CONCLUSIONS We observed wide variation in surveillance of UC/IBDU-IPAA patients. In addition, the rate of neoplasia formation among 'low-risk' patients was higher than may have been expected. We therefore concur with previous recommendations that pouchoscopy be performed at 1 year postoperatively, to refine risk-stratification based on clinical factors alone. Reports should document findings in all regions of the pouch and biopsies should be taken.
Manipulation of mechanical ventilatory constraint during moderate intensity exercise does not influence dyspnoea in healthy older men and women

The perceived intensity of exertional breathlessness (i.e. dyspnoea) is higher in older women than in older men, possibly as a result of sex‐differences in respiratory system morphology. During exercise at a given absolute intensity or minute ventilation, older women have a greater degree of mechanical ventilatory constraint (i.e. work of breathing and expiratory flow limitation) than their male counterparts, which may lead to a greater perceived intensity of dyspnoea. Using a single‐blind randomized study design, we experimentally manipulated the magnitude of mechanical ventilatory constraint during moderate‐intensity exercise at ventilatory threshold in healthy older men and women. We found that changes in the magnitude of mechanical ventilatory constraint within the physiological range had no effect on dyspnoea in healthy older adults. When older men and women perform moderate intensity exercise, mechanical ventilatory constraint does not contribute significantly to the sensation of dyspnoea.