Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Password Based Shadow Attack: Quantitative Testing Analysis

- With the proliferation of websites, the security level of password-protected accounts is no longer purely determined by individual ones. Users may register multiple accounts on the same site or across multiple sites, and these passwords from the same users are likely to be the same or similar. As a result, an adversary can compromise the account of a user on a web forum, and then guess the accounts of the same user in sensitive accounts, e.g., online banking services, whose accounts could have the same or even stronger passwords. We name this attack as the shadow attack on passwords. To understand the situation, we examined the state of-the-art Intra-Site Password Reuses (ISPR) and Cross-Site Password Reuses (CSPR) based on the leaked passwords from the biggest Internet user group. With a collection of about 70 million real-world web passwords across four large websites in China, we obtained around 4.6 million distinct users who have multiple accounts on the same site or across different sites. We found that for the users with multiple accounts in a single website reused their passwords and for the users with multiple accounts on multiple websites reused their passwords across websites. For the users that have multiple accounts but different passwords, the set of passwords of the same user exhibits patterns that can help password guessing: a leaked weak password reveals partial information of a strong one, which degrades the strength of the strong one. Given the aforementioned findings, we conducted an experiment and achieved an improvement of guessing success rate with John the Ripper guessing tool. To the best of our knowledge, we are the first to provide a large-scale, empirical, and quantitative measurement of web password reuses, especially ISPR, and shed light on the severity of such threat in the real world.
Mutual Learning of Complementary Networks via Residual Correction for Improving Semi-Supervised Classification

Deep mutual learning jointly trains multiple essential networks having similar properties to improve semi-supervised classification. However, the commonly used consistency regularization between the outputs of the networks may not fully leverage the difference between them. In this paper, we explore how to capture the complementary information to enhance mutual learning. For this purpose, we propose a complementary correction network (CCN), built on top of the essential networks, to learn the mapping from the output of one essential network to the ground truth label, conditioned on the features learnt by another. To make the second essential network increasingly complementary to the first one, this network is supervised by the corrected predictions. As a result, minimizing the prediction divergence between the two complementary networks can lead to significant performance gains in semi-supervised learning. Our experimental results demonstrate that the proposed approach clearly improves mutual learning between essential networks, and achieves state-of-the-art results on multiple semi-supervised classification benchmarks. In particular, the test error rates are reduced from previous 21.23\% and 14.65\% to 12.05\% and 10.37\% on CIFAR-10 with 1000 and 2000 labels, respectively.
Emotions across the essay: What second-language writers feel across four weeks’ writing a research essay

Pekrun’s (2000, 2006) questionnaire-based model of academic emotions is widely used. However, Appraisal analysis of qualitative data offers richer detail. This study used Appraisal analysis to assess the subjective attitudes realised by students across four weeks during which they wrote an essay. Results indicate that judgments and appreciations were nearly as frequently-realised as emotions, and the distribution and attitudinal profile differed in all 4 weeks of the task. Positive and negative realisations of capacity, quality, impact and complexity resembled a typical U-shaped learning curve. Polarity suggested that week 3 was the most difficult for participants, and negative emotional dispositions increased across the task where negative surges peaked in weeks 2 and 3. This study highlights the value of Appraisal analysis in detailing the subjective attitudes evoked by academic emotions. It suggests that emotion-focused questionnaires exclude relevant content, concluding for a small set of emotions before sufficient study has been undertaken.
Cross-modal effects on speech perception : the influence of text on the resolution of ambiguous spoken words

The current study explores the influence of printed words on spoken word recognition. Theoretical frameworks outline ties between the modalities (Massaro, 1987) and, in particular, orthography and phonology (Grainger, Diependaele, Spinelli, Ferrand, & Farioli, 2003). This study investigated whether text can influence the resolution of ambiguous spoken words, and whether this influence can occur when the text is displayed below conscious awareness. Twenty-two young adults participated in a cross-modal word repetition task (i.e., textual prime followed by an auditory target which was repeated). The textual primes were either identifiable to the participants or not. The auditory targets were either unambiguous or ambiguous (through digital editing of the voice onsets of spoken words). The pairing of the prime and target words was also manipulated to form various priming relationships (e.g., pan-PAN, ban-PAN, net-PAN, etc.). The results show that text can facilitate or inhibit the processing of ambiguous spoken words, providing some evidence of interconnectivity between orthography and phonology. These effects appear to be limited to when the text is consciously identifiable, suggesting that cross-modal priming is dependent on the length of exposure of a printed word. There was also a general perceptual bias by participants to identify (i.e., repeat) the ambiguous targets as voiced (e.g., BAN), indicating that the degree of ambiguity was not sufficient to allow preceding text to influence the identification of these targets. T A B L E OF CONTENTS
Insight To Opinion Mining With SentiWordNet

—Opinion Mining also known as “Sentiment Analysis” is an emerging field of research concerned with applying computational methods to find the subjectivity in text, with a number of applications in fields like recommendation systems, contextual advertising and business intelligence. The main aim of Opinion mining is Sentiment Classification i.e. to classify the opinion into positive or negative classes. SentiWordNet is an opinion lexicon derived from the WordNet database where each term is associated with some numerical scores indicating positive and negative sentiment information . It is explained with the review taken for a product from amazon. The result shows that this review goes for a sentiment which is negative for the product.
Addressing Challenges Common to Modern Recreational Fisheries with a Buffet-Style Landscape Management Approach

Abstract Recreational fisheries management strives to provide satisfying fishing experiences to heterogeneous anglers while conserving fish stocks of varying productivity. Achieving this balance with one-size-fits-all regulatory strategies is challenging; but complex, waterbody-specific regulations may be onerous to anglers and managers. An alternative strategy is a limited but specifically diverse “buffet” of regulations across a landscape of discrete fisheries to improve outcomes over existing regulation strategies. This approach is tested using a landscape bioeconomic model with density dependent growth and survival feedbacks in fish populations and dynamic angler behavior. Sources of heterogeneity in angler behavior and biological processes are considered to select and apply an optimal suite of fishing regulations. At a regional level, the buffet-style strategy offers improvements over other management strategies by recognizing tradeoffs among the utility and effort patterns of diverse angler types. Furthermore, these benefits are generally maintained even when limited to only five regulations to ease implementation logistics. Additional requirements for management agencies using the buffet strategy are discussed, such as assessing angler heterogeneity and determining which regulations are implemented on which waters. Some of these challenges may be overcome because this approach is imminently compatible with active-adaptive and cooperative management ideas.
ellipsis in inquisitive semantics

Work in inquisitive semantics has developed an alternative-rich notion of semantic content which is uniform across questions and assertions. This chapter explores the ramifications of this view for the theory of ellipsis. It examines these issues primarily by focusing on the analysis of a particular ellipsis process in English: sluicing. Empirically, it reviews a number of arguments in favor of an account of sluicing incorporating inquisitive semantics, most notably cases where truth-conditionally equivalent sentences have differential behavior for sluicing. Theoretically, the chapter demonstrates how a theory of ellipsis building on Merchant (2001) but based on an inquisitive semantics helps address this data. Beyond this, it briefly discusses motivations for extending this sort of approach to other ellipsis processes and compares the proposed account with other potential ways of incorporating inquisitive semantics into a theory of ellipsis.
An Efficient P2P Traffic Identification Scheme

The increasing applications of peer to peer network consume a lot of network bandwidth and negatively impact the operations of regular services in the Internet. Therefore, it is important to identify and control the P2P traffic, and ensure the regular services can obtain enough bandwidth. In this paper, an efficient scheme to identify the P2P traffic is proposed. The scheme has two parts, one is building the rules database for identification, and the other is an efficient packet classification algorithm. The algorithm has two stages including the stage of rules storage, and the stage of packet matching. Compared with the original approaches, our method can solve the drawbacks of the previous schemes. The simulation results demonstrate that our algorithm has high accuracy, and can effectively enhance the performance of P2P traffic identification.
The effect of cell-based therapy on LASIK-like corneal wounds

The aim of this study was to determine if oral mucosal lamina propria progenitor cell (OMLP-PC)-based therapy to the stromal beds of LASIK-like wounded corneas could improve wound healing. After epithelial and/or stromal injury, a wound healing cascade is triggered that includes keratocyte apoptosis and proliferation in the underlying stroma. Activation of keratocytes leads to their transformation into myofibroblasts, which are responsible for matrix remodelling. Unfortunately, LASIK-like wound healing can result in incomplete closure at the flap interface, reduced biomechanical strength and decreased transparency. The hypothesis of this study was that a therapeutic application of OMLP-PCs, known to facilitate non-scarring healing, to the corneal wound bed, would reduce keratocyte activation and consequent myofibroblastic transformation to augment matrix remodelling and restore transparency. To test this hypothesis, a corneal organ culture model was developed to monitor LASIK-like wound healing outcomes. The efficacy of a cell-based therapy, namely OMLP-PCs, on LASIK-like wound healing was evaluated and optimised over four weeks. The wound healing outcomes of the organ cultured porcine corneas included a significant reduction of percentage α-sma immunopositive cells (p<0.01) from ~45% (untreated wounded) to ~25% (OMLP-PC-treated) during weeks 2-3 post wounding. Peak percentage proliferation was 52.2% ±3.7 at 1 week in OMLP-PC treated wounds, earlier compared to 42.2% ±3.3 at 2 weeks in untreated control corneas. OMLP-PCs did not alter stromal percentage apoptosis. Coherence (degree of collagen lamellae alignment) at 4 weeks after wound healing was significantly higher in OMLP-PC treated wounded corneas (p<0.05), compared to that in untreated corneas. By 4 weeks corneal transparency in OMLP-PC treated wounded corneas was significantly higher than in untreated corneas (p<0.01). To conclude, an OMLP-PC therapeutic application to LASIK-like wounds enhanced stromal cell proliferation and reduced myofibroblast expression, but increased collagen organisation with consequent improved epithelial-stromal flap wound closure and increased corneal transparency.
Personalized Mobile search engine with GPCAAlgorithm

We proposed a search engine that captures clickthrough data with time preferences which improves personalization more effective. User behavior is collected with content (user query), location (using GPS) and time of query. Timing information is collected so that user preference as per time is collected from that behavior of user is well known. GPCA algorithm is used for time information. Normally query result will be web popular result will present in top 100 results but user requested will be not get so user clicked data are stored as user preference and for future query result will be reranked with location, content and time. Ersonalization become more effective due to time in user behavior which makes system to understand what will be user requested and make ranking of resulted web page.
Do educational interventions stop dating violence?

Violence is a critical challenge for society and it disproportionately affects young people. Violence experienced in an intimate relationship is associated with attempted suicide, depression and post-traumatic stress disorder, as well as poorer physical health. Interventions to limit intimate partner violence, especially in adolescents and young people, are a priority. This commentary examines a systematic review and meta-analysis of educational interventions for relationship and dating violence in young people aged 12–25 years. Random-effects meta-analysis revealed a small statistical effect on knowledge, but no statistical associations with reduced violence. None of the included studies assessed health outcomes. The reviewers recommend further investigation of educational interventions in low- and middle-income settings, and studies with longer follow-up.None.
Ajeg Bali dan Modal Sosial: Studi Sosiologi terhadap Perubahan Sosial Masyarakat Bali

This research is motivated by the problems faced by the people of Bali who have traditional values that typical and relatively different than any other community in Indonesia. Disclosure Bali as one of the domestic and international tourism destination, considered by many potentially threaten the existence of the traditional values. One form of reaction that occurs is the social movement “Ajeg Bali” which requires the robustness of the values of Bali. While the social change is a necessity. Social change can take place in a positive, supported by social capital and indigenous communities, or on the contrary it weakens the local wisdom. Through a qualitative descriptive approach, it looks the Balinese community resistance to social change caused by the development of tourism, through movement of Ajeg Bali and rejection of Benoa Bay reclamation. However, there are also activities that are actually supported by the Tri Hita Karana local wisdom which comes from Hinduism to survive and thrive, such as Subak irrigation and development of Institute of Rural Creditors that prop up the economy. Penelitian ini dilatarbelakangi oleh adanya permasalahan yang dihadapi oleh masyarakat Bali yang memiliki nilai tradisional yang khas dan relatif berbeda dibandingkan masyarakat lain di wilayah Indonesia. Keterbukaan Bali sebagai salah satu tujuan pariwisata domestik dan internasional, dinilai oleh banyak pihak mengancam keberadaan nilai tradisional tersebut. Salah satu bentuk reaksi yang muncul adalah adanya gerakan sosial “Ajeg Bali” yang menghendaki kekokohan nilai-nilai Bali. Sementara perubahan sosial merupakan keniscayaan. Perubahan sosial dapat berlangsung secara positif yang didukung oleh modal sosial dan kearifan lokal masyarakat, ataupun sebaliknya justru memperlemah kearifan lokal setempat. Melalui pendekatan deskriptif kualitatif, terlihat adanya perlawanan masyarakat Bali terhadap perubahan sosial yang diakibatkan oleh pembangunan pariwisata, melalui gerakan Ajeg Bali dan penolakan terhadap reklamasi teluk Benoa. Meskipun demikian, terdapat pula kegiatan yang justru didukung oleh kearifan lokal Tri Hita Karana yang bersumber dari Agama Hindu dapat bertahan dan berkembang, seperti pengairan Subak dan berkembangnya Lembaga Perkreditan Rakyat yang menopang perekonomian
Admissible, consistent multiple testing with applications

OF THE DISSERTATION Admissible, consistent multiple testing with applications by Chuanwen Chen Dissertation Director: Arthur Cohen, Harold B. Sackrowitz For multivariate normal models and exponential family models a multiple testing stepwise method is offered that is both admissible and consistent. The method is readily adaptable to selecting variables in linear regression models where it is akin to the forward selection method plus a screening stage plus a sign compatibility stage. The method is also adaptable to testing the local odds ratios in contingency tables in which the categories are ordered. Examples and simulations are included.
La mente humana como escenario de la lucha ideológica. Entre el sentido común y el pensamiento científico / The Human Mind as the Scenario of the Ideological Struggle. Between Common Sense and Scientific Thought

El presente articulo realiza una valoracion critica del llamado sentido comun, como fundamento real y potencial de los elevados niveles de enajenacion que mantienen a importantes sectores populares fuera de los procesos basicos de toma de decisiones. Los analisis transitan desde la explicacion de la division de poderes, el sufragio universal, la pluralidad de partidos politicos y los llamados derechos civiles y politicos, como “trincheras ideologicas” del poder capitalista, hasta el llamado marxista a crear, apoyados en el pensamiento cientifico, las instituciones y los argumentos que permitan la destruccion del Estado burgues y la consolidacion de las experiencias socialistas. This article makes a critical assessment of the so-called common sense, as the real and potential foundation of the high levels of alienation that keep important popular sectors out of the basic decision-making processes. The analysis goes from the explanation of the division of powers, universal suffrage, the plurality of political parties and the so-called civil and political rights, as "ideological trenches" of capitalist power, to the Marxist call to create, supported by scientific thought, institutions and arguments that allow the destruction of the bourgeois state and the consolidation of socialist experiences.
EVALUATION OF A PSI-BASED CHANGE DETECTION REGARDING SIMULATION, COMPARISON, AND APPLICATION

Abstract. Persistent scatterer interferometry (PSI) detects and analyses strong, stable, and coherent radar signals throughout a time series of SAR images. Such coherent signals are reflected from corner-reflector-like substructures in built-up cities, which are regarded as so-called PS points. Certain PS properties such as deformation velocity and topography height can be derived for scene monitoring. Previously, we introduced a PSI-based change detection to detect disappearing and emerging PS points along with their occurrence times. Such temporary PS points existing only during a certain period correspond to change events, e.g., mostly constructions in cities. The tests using TerraSAR-X images successfully identified where and when the construction events in Berlin took place in 2013. The results were compared and all agreed with the ground truth. In this study, we evaluate our method more deeply. A simulation test is conducted to evaluate the theoretical accuracy in space and time. We also compare our method with two classical approaches: image rationing and amplitude-based semi-PS detection. The computational requirements are revealed afterwards. Finally, potential applications are proposed and discussed. All of these works help us to better characterize our technique and learn the pros and cons.
A Comparison of Student Learning in STS vs Those in Directed Inquiry Classes

Fifteen experienced grade 5-10 teachers each taught two sections of students – one with an STS approach and one following closely the curriculum with a “directed inquiry” approach. Data were collected from five teaching and assessment domains from the two classes. These include: science concepts, science process skills; creativity, attitudes, applications of concept and processes in new contexts. There was no difference found in assessing in the concept domain. In all the other four domains student outcomes were significantly higher for students in the STS sections.
VHDL Implementation of DSDV Ad-Hoc Routing Protocol

An Ad-Hoc network deals with the collection of mobile nodes without any centralized structure. This can be well suited for environment where changes are frequent and establishment of infrastructure is not very cost effective. In short it can turn the dream of ‘anytime anywhere’ into reality[1]. Here we deal with the VHDL implementation of DSDV(destination sequenced distance vector) routing protocol to fulfill these requirements of Ad-hoc network more effectively.
The development and feasibility testing of a school-based burns prevention and first-aid intervention: Learn about burns

School-aged children are susceptible to burn injuries and have little knowledge of the correct first-aid to apply when injuries occur. Currently, no school-based intervention which targets both burn prevention and first-aid to meet national guidelines exists. To address this gap a school-based burns prevention and first-aid intervention was developed, and feasibility tested following the Medical Research Council guidelines on the development and evaluation of complex interventions. A systematic review on what interventions work in the prevention of unintentional injuries for school-aged children was conducted. Results highlighted a dearth in high quality evaluations of interventions, and the need for appropriate development studies of interventions prior to evaluation for effectiveness. A cross-sectional epidemiological study assessed the patterns of burns for school-aged children. Results identified the target agegroup, agents and mechanisms to address and showed that few children received appropriate first-aid. Results from these studies were used, alongside educational and logic modelling theory, to develop the Learn About Burns intervention. The intervention was feasibility tested in six schools in the Cardiff Local Education Authority. Results from the feasibility study suggest the intervention was feasible and acceptable and wider scale piloting should take place following intervention refinement. Qualitative data indicated that students and teachers thought the intervention was enjoyable and engaging for students and integrated with the curriculum and classroom timetable. Quantitative results suggest that the intervention increased student burn prevention and first-aid knowledge, student attitude and self-efficacy towards burn prevention and providing burns first-aid and increased appropriate safety practices – these increases were sustained over six months. This thesis makes important contributions to knowledge in the field of burn prevention research. It highlights the need to improve quality of the development of valuations and provides a feasible and acceptable school-based intervention to prevent burns and promote the application of first aid.