Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Intravenous iron supplementation in distance runners with low or suboptimal ferritin.

PURPOSE Iron deficiency is prevalent in distance runners and may impair endurance performance. The current practice of oral supplementation is slow and often not well tolerated. The aim of this study was to assess the efficacy of intravenous (IV) iron supplementation (ferric carboxymaltose) compared with oral supplementation (ferrous sulfate) on iron status, hemoglobin mass (Hbmass), and physiological indices of running performance in distance runners. METHODS Twenty-seven highly trained distance runners with low (LOW) (ferritin <35 μg·L(-1) and transferrin saturation <20%, or ferritin <15 μg·L(-1)) or suboptimal (SUB) iron status (ferritin <65 μg·L(-1)) were supplemented with either IV iron (Ferinject®) or oral (ORAL) supplements (Ferrogradumet) for 6 wk. Iron status and Hbmass were assessed before supplementation and at 1, 2, 4, 6, and 8 wk in the four groups (IV LOW, IV SUB, ORAL LOW, and ORAL SUB). In addition, athletes completed a treadmill running test for running economy, lactate threshold, and V˙O2max before and after supplementation. RESULTS Both forms of supplementation substantially increased ferritin levels in all four groups. IV supplementation resulted in higher ferritin in both IV groups compared with both ORAL groups from week 1 onward. Hemoglobin concentration did not change substantially in any group. Hbmass increased in IV LOW (mean = +4.9%, 90% confidence interval [CI] = 1.1%-8.9%) and was accompanied by an increase in V˙O2max (mean = +3.3%, 90% CI = 0.4%-6.3%) and run time to exhaustion (mean = +9.3%, 90% CI = 0.9%-18.3%. CONCLUSIONS IV supplementation can effectively increase iron stores in iron-deficient runners within 6 wk and, if Hbmass is compromised, may enhance endurance capacity by facilitating erythropoiesis. Hbmass appears a more sensitive tool for measuring changes in whole body hemoglobin than hemoglobin concentration and may be useful in the diagnosis and follow-up for iron deficiency.
Compiling Logical Packet Programs to Reconfigurable Switches : Table Mapping as a First Step

Today’s fixed-function switch chips result in new features taking years to develop, and in routers being designed bottom-up. This is changing with the emergence of software designed networks (SDNs), new chips such as Intels FlexPipe that allow flexible packet processing, and higher level languages for expressing packet processing such as P4. However, this vision requires compilers that translate logical packet processing specifications to low level switch configurations. Analogous to register allocation, our paper explores the problem of mapping logical lookup tables represented by a logical dependency graph to physical tables in a programmable switch. We investigate greedy algorithms based on binpacking and more flexible approaches based on Integer Linear Programming (ILP). Key aspects of our solution are abstraction of hardware specific features, such as parallelism and memory technologies, and modularity. We test greedy and ILP approaches using benchmarks from real production networks, compiling to FlexPipe and RMT. Greedy approaches can fail and require 27% more resources on the same benchmark.
Design of rate-compatible structured LDPC codes for hybrid ARQ applications

In this paper, families of rate-compatible protograph-based LDPC codes that are suitable for incrementalredundancy hybrid ARQ applications are constructed. A systematic technique to construct low-rate base codes from a higher rate code is presented. The base codes are designed to be robust against erasures while having a good performance on error channels. A progressive node puncturing algorithm is devised to construct a family of higher rate codes from the base code. The performance of this puncturing algorithm is compared to other puncturing schemes. Using the techniques in this paper, one can construct a rate-compatible family of codes with rates ranging from 0.1 to 0.9 that are within 1 dB from the channel capacity and have good error floors.
Risk of lung cancer following nonmalignant respiratory conditions among nonsmoking women living in Shenyang, Northeast China.

BACKGROUND There has been conflicting evidence about possible associations between nonmalignant respiratory conditions (NMRCs) and subsequent risk of lung cancer. Determination of whether or not there is such an association has potential importance for managing NMRCs, for screening of lung cancer, and for understanding mechanisms of carcinogenesis. METHODS A hospital-based, case-control study involving interviews with 226 female nonsmoking lung cancer patients and 279 matching population controls was conducted in Shenyang, Northeast China, between January 2004 and December 2007. A standardized interview collected information on a variety of potential risk factors, including a history of physician-diagnosed NMRCs (pulmonary tuberculosis, chronic bronchitis, emphysema, asthma, and bronchiectasis), and age/year in which each condition was first diagnosed. Multivariate logistic regression analyses were applied to assess the associations between NMRCs and subsequent lung cancer risk. RESULTS Compared with those without, subjects with a history of NMRC experience greater risk of lung cancer (OR=2.0, 95% CI 1.2-3.4), particularly following a diagnosis of pulmonary tuberculosis (OR=4.7, 95% CI 1.6-13.2). The results from subgroup analysis, when limited to small cell lung cancer, showed a 6.2-fold increase in lung cancer risk among asthmatics (95% CI 1.5-25.8). However, there was no evidence of a significant association between chronic bronchitis and lung cancer. CONCLUSIONS This study strengthens the evidence linking NMRCs, especially pulmonary tuberculosis, to lung cancer even in lifelong nonsmoking women.
Suppression of radiation‐induced neoplastic transformation by overexpression of mitochondrial superoxide dismutase

Manganese superoxide dismutase (MnSOD) scavenges toxic superoxide radicals produced in the mitochondria. Transfection of the human MnSOD gene into mouse C3H 10T1/2 cells resulted in production of active MnSOD, which was properly transported into mitochondria. Overexpression of MnSOD protected cells from radiation‐, but not chemically‐induced neoplastic transformation. This finding demonstrates that oxidative stress that occurs in the mitochondria plays an important role in the development of neoplastic transformation. © 1992 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Differential responses by psychosocial subgroups of fibromyalgia syndrome patients to an interdisciplinary treatment.

OBJECTIVES To evaluate differential treatment responses among 3 empirically derived, psychosocial subgroups of patients with fibromyalgia syndrome to a standard interdisciplinary treatment program. METHOD Patients were classified into 1 of 3 psychosocial groups on the basis of their responses to the Multidimensional Pain Inventory. Forty-eight patients completed a 6 one-half-day outpatient treatment program consisting of medical, physical, occupational, and psychological therapies spaced over a period of 4 weeks (3 sessions the first week followed by 1 session per week for the next 3 consecutive weeks). RESULTS Statistically significant reductions were observed in pain, affective distress, perceived disability, and perceived inteference of pain in the patients characterized by poor coping and high level of pain ("dysfunctional" group). In contrast, individuals who were characterized by interpersonal difficulties ("interpersonally distressed" group) exhibited poor responses to the treatment. "Adaptive copers," the third group, revealed significant improvements in pain but due to low pretreatment levels of affective distress and disability showed little improvement on these outcomes. CONCLUSIONS The results provided support for the hypothesis that customizing treatment based on patients' psychosocial needs will lead to enhanced treatment efficacy. They also emphasize the importance of using appropriate outcome criteria, as low levels of problems at baseline are not likely to show significant changes following any treatment.
Methodologies for incorporating non-natural amino acids into proteins

Among all biomolecules in living cells, proteins represent a group with highly divergent biological functions. These include maintaining structural integrity, catalyzing most chemical reactions in vivo, regulating cellular responses via signal transduction, and targeting foreign molecules via the immune system. Because of these diverse functions and associated applications, protein engineering has been a field for intense academic research and biopharmaceutical drug development. However, proteins made by nature are generally composed of only 20 canonical amino acids. The recently developed technology to incorporate non-natural amino acids (NNAAs) into proteins at specifically chosen sites represents an extremely powerful tool for protein engineering. Unlike traditional protein engineering with the 20 canonical amino acids as building blocks, protein engineering with NNAAs has nearly unlimited novel side-chain structures to choose from. Coupled with rapid advances in protein structure computation and bioorthogonal chemical reactions, proteins with tailored properties or novel functions beyond natural or directed evolution are becoming a reality.
The effect of stabilizer on the trapped field of stacks of superconducting tape magnetized by a pulsed field

Stacks of high temperature superconducting tape, magnetized using pulsed fields, provide a new type of permanent magnet using superconductors. To optimize the trapped field in such stacks, the role of stabilization layers was investigated by pulse magnetizing a 12 mm square stack of 15 tape layers over a temperature range of 15–77 K. The stacks consisted of commercial tape with a silver stabilizer of 1–3 μm or tape with an additional 20 μm layer of copper on top of 1 μm of silver. It was found that the trapped field and flux are relatively insensitive to the stabilizer thickness, and 1 μm of silver only, led to the highest trapped field. An FEM model was also developed for a stack that considered for the first time both the actual thickness of metallic and superconducting layers, to investigate the effect of heating and heat transfer when a stack of tapes is magnetized.
Preserving Information in Neural Transmission

Along most neural pathways, the spike trains transmitted from one neuron to the next are altered. In the process, neurons can either achieve a more efficient stimulus representation, or extract some biologically important stimulus parameter, or succeed at both. We recorded the inputs from single retinal ganglion cells and the outputs from connected lateral geniculate neurons in the macaque to examine how visual signals are relayed from retina to cortex. We found that geniculate neurons re-encoded multiple temporal stimulus features to yield output spikes that carried more information about stimuli than was available in each input spike. The coding transformation of some relay neurons occurred with no decrement in information rate, despite output spike rates that averaged half the input spike rates. This preservation of transmitted information was achieved by the short-term summation of inputs that geniculate neurons require to spike. A reduced model of the retinal and geniculate visual responses, based on two stimulus features and their associated nonlinearities, could account for >85% of the total information available in the spike trains and the preserved information transmission. These results apply to neurons operating on a single time-varying input, suggesting that synaptic temporal integration can alter the temporal receptive field properties to create a more efficient representation of visual signals in the thalamus than the retina.
Mysterious Hawaii Liver Disease Case – Naproxen Overdose as Cause Rather than OxyELITE Pro ?

A liver case was reported from a Honolulu medical center in 2013 and remained mysterious due to poorly documented case details and conflicting statements, necessitating a reanalysis of medical files containing redacted raw data of the female patient described as previously healthy. This actual reanalysis provides evidence of a patient with a remarkable multimorbidity associated with a significant present and past history of multimedication by abundant potentially hepatotoxic synthetic drugs and by some dietary supplements [DS]. Her liver disease now is best explained as recurrent toxic hepatitis by overdosed naproxen, a non-steroidal antiinflammatory drug [NSAID] with a well known and significant hepatotoxic potency. Actually, its reuse five months after first disease onset to treat daily headaches for a month unexpectedly caused a recurrence of the scleral icterus as at the initial onset. Additional diagnoses now include DILI by other used synthetic drugs; symptomatic acute acalculous cholecystitis associated with gallbladder sludge; acute hepatitis, preferentially prior not excluded hepatitis E virus infection, infections by HSV and VZV; and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. Evidence is lacking that any of the four used DS was the culprit, including OxyELITE Pro [OEP] that initially was incriminated as the sole cause of liver disease by a team of investigators in Hawaii. The conclusion is reached that the case now loses its mystery and is best explained by overdosed naproxen, a NSAID with a known history of hepatotoxicity rather than by any DS including OEP affecting a multimorbid and multimedicated patient.
Hintertüren und Schwächen im kryptographischen Standard SP 800-90A

Die durch Edward Snowden angestosenen Enthullungen liefern seit Juni 2013 immer mehr bemerkenswerte Details daruber, welche Methoden Geheimdienste zur Sammlung und Verwertung von personenbezogenen Daten anwenden. Im vorliegenden Artikel diskutieren wir speziell den Fall des kryptographischen Standards SP 800-90, bei dem der amerikanische Geheimdienst NSA (National Security Agency) gemas eines Artikels der New York Times vorsatzlich Schwachen eingebaut hatte. Wir erlautern anhand der mathematischen Details, wie diese Hintertur aussieht und wie die Schwachen einzuordnen sind.
Adaptations of the Left Ventricle to Chronic Volume Overload

Physiological and structural adaptations to experimental chronic volume overloading have been examined. Serial studies were performed in dogs subjected to a large aortocaval fistula which resulted in progressive left ventricular (LV) dilatation and moderate left ventricular hypertrophy. Analysis of force-velocity curves from single, induced left ventricular (LV) isovolumic beats showed no detectable depression of contractility despite markedly elevated LV end-diastolic (ED) pressures and hypertrophy (average LV weight increase 20%). With cineradiographic techniques LVED volume was shown to increase from an average of 70 ml at one week to 100 ml at between eight to ten weeks after creation of the shunt, a change that was accompanied by a further increase in stroke volume (average 30%). Mean velocity of wall shortening during ejection normalized for end-diastolic circumference (mean VCF) and per cent shortening of the minor equator were within normal limits and showed no detectable change between early and late studies; however, in one animal with severe cardiac failure, these values were markedly reduced. The shift to the right and increased stiffness of the diastolic pressure-circumference relation after chronic volume overloading were similar to changes observed previously in some patients with severe aortic regurgitation. After closure of the arteriovenous fistula, a reversal of this abnormal pressure-circumference curve toward normal occurred, a finding similar to that in patients demonstrated to have normal contractility before and after surgical treatment of aortic regurgitation. When these results are coupled with other experimental observations which showed no increase in midwall sarcomere lengths between acutely volume overloaded and chronically dilated left ventricles, it is proposed that by a change in geometry and increased number of sarcomeres, the left ventricle is able to augment its performance during chronic progressive dilatation without further use of the Frank-Starling mechanism (at the ultrastructural level) and at an unchanged, normal contractile state. Therefore, the enhancement of overall cardiac performance during chronic volume overloading appears to be mediated through normal performance of each unit of an enlarged circumference operating at an optimal sarcomere length.
Factors influencing the Youth attitudes toward group-buying websites

Group-buying on the websites were widely used for B2C transactions by the Youth in China in these years. The names of the group-buying websites were the hot words that people always were talking about. The business model can bring a excellent cash flow and has huge market prospects. As a result, thousands of group-buying websites were built in China. But the increasingly fierce competition makes them get into trouble. The group-buying websites have to rethink the business model right now. They should undertake careful and thoughtful research to investigate how to be unique among the jungle constitutes by these group-buying websites. Actually, group-buying behavior is a relatively complex process between sellers and buyers. Both of them can influence the happening of group-buying behavior. This paper pays attention to the Youth in China. The fact is that the Youth is one of the most important customer groups. We tried to investigate the factors influencing the Youth's attitude to group-buying websites. We carried out a questionnaire survey to the undergraduate students in many universities. In the survey, several variables were involved, including the prices of commodities or services, social influence, fears of opportunism and so on. The results show that social influence is a really significant factor which effects whether the Youth use some group-buying website or not. Service quality is also very important to the process and there is mediating effect between social influence and users' attitudes toward group-buying websites by service quality. In the last section, we address our suggestion to improve the competitive capability of the group-buying websites.
Design of PWM Ramp Signal in Voltage-Mode CCM Random Switching Frequency Buck Converter for Conductive EMI Reduction

An output voltage ripple aware design of different voltage ramp signal of voltage-mode CCM random frequency buck converter for conductive EMI reduction is presented. A mathematical analysis has been carried out to model the output voltage ripple of random switching converter. Simulations of the converter have been undertaken and measured results from the converter fabricated with a standard 0.35 μm CMOS process verify the proposed design approach. From experimental results, a carefully designed ramp can reduce the output voltage ripple by more than 8 times without significant influence on the inductor current spectrum spread and any increment on the output filtering inductance and capacitance comparing to the conventional design.
A STATISTICAL STUDY TO THE IMPACT OF ADVERTISEMENT ON THE YOUTH OF THE CAPITAL OF AZAD KASHMIR

The present research is conducted to study the views of youngsters about the role of advertisement in district Muzaffarabad, Azad Kashmir. We took the sample of 200 by using stratified random sampling from total population consists of ten main colleges of District Muzaffarabad. For analysis, we have used the chi-square test of association, frequency distribution and graphical method. According to the survey, we came to know that females are attracted by the advertisements more as compared to the males. From the hypothesis testing we came to know that gender and female representation are associated. We intended to know while buying a product, which characteristic of a product is considered the most and we came out with the finding that most customers consider both the price and quality of a product while buying it from the market and mostly, television is used as mode of advertisement Azad Kashmir. The study reveals that if there is a representation of famous personality in ads, the people consider that product is reliable and expensive by using. A large number of people think that ads reflect our culture to some extent and common idea in a glamorous way and they consider ads an exaggeration.
of the 23 rd Annual EMBS International Conference , October 25-28 , Istanbul , Turkey MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF CORONARY ARTERIES AND INTERNAL MAMMARY ARTERIES BEYOND PHYSIOLOGICAL DEFORMATIONS

AbslrartPassive circumferential and axial mffhanical properties of porcine coronary arteries end internal mammary arteries @MA) were measured and compared. The cylindrical specimens were subjected to axial stretch and internal pressures up to 300 mmHg. Stresrstrain relations of the arteries were calculated from the measured data and compared. It was found that the stresses in the IMA were much higher and that the IMA is stiffer than the coronary artery, especially in the circumferential direction. The axial stress in the coronary artery increased substantially after axial stretching, this in contrast to the axial stress in the IMA. Kqwrdscoronary artery, internal mammary artery, stress, strain, bypass
MicroRNA-155 modulates the interleukin-1 signaling pathway in activated human monocyte-derived dendritic cells

In response to inflammatory stimulation, dendritic cells (DCs) have a remarkable pattern of differentiation (maturation) that exhibits specific mechanisms to control immunity. Here, we show that in response to Lipopolysaccharides (LPS), several microRNAs (miRNAs) are regulated in human monocyte-derived dendritic cells. Among these miRNAs, miR-155 is highly up-regulated during maturation. Using LNA silencing combined to microarray technology, we have identified the Toll-like receptor/interleukin-1 (TLR/IL-1) inflammatory pathway as a general target of miR-155. We further demonstrate that miR-155 directly controls the level of TAB2, an important signal transduction molecule. Our observations suggest, therefore, that in mature human DCs, miR-155 is part of a negative feedback loop, which down-modulates inflammatory cytokine production in response to microbial stimuli.