Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The antioxidative and antiinflammatory effects of hypoxemic resuscitation with HES 130/0.4 and modified gelatin solution on acute hemorrhagic shock in rabbits Akut hemorajik şok oluşturulan tavşanlarda HES 130/0.4 ve modifiye jelatin solüsyonlari ile yapilan hipoksemik resüsitasyonun antioksidatif v

Background:­The aim of this study was to investigate antioxidative effects and antiinflammatory properties of colloid fluids such as HES 130/0.4 or modified gelatin solution in rabbits during resusci- tation of acute hemorrhagic shock under hypoxemic conditions. Methods: Twenty-one New Zealand Wistar albino rabbits were randomly allocated to one of the three experimental groups: HES 130/0.4 solution (n=7, Voluven ® , group HES), gelatine solution (n=7, Gelafusine ® , group GEL) and control (n=7, sodium chloride 0.9%, Saline group). Hemorrhagic shock was induced by controlled blood withdrawal (40% of total estimated blood volume) from the left carotid artery over 30 minute under hypoxemic conditions. The period of hypovolemia was maintained for 10 minute All resuscita- tion solutions, except saline solution (3 volumes of saline/1 volume of blood loss for saline), were infused as withdrawn blood volume via the jugular vein over 30 minute after the hypovolemic period under hypoxemic conditions. Rabbits were breathing spontaneously via tracheotomy in room air during hemorrhage and fluid resuscita- tion periods (hypoxemic resuscitation). Malondialdehyde (MDA), glutathione (GSH), interleukin (IL)-6, IL-10 and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF)-a concentrations were measured before hemor- rhagic shock and after fluid resuscitation in all blood samples. Results:­ The values of the MDA, TNF-a, IL-6 levels were the highest, whereas IL-10 and GSH levels were the lowest in the Saline group compared to the other groups. The MDA, TNF-a, IL-6 levels were lower, but the IL-10 and GSH levels were higher in group HES compared to group GEL (p<0.05). Conclusion:­ Hypoxemic resuscitation with HES 130/0.4 solu- tion (Voluven ® ) for hemorrhagic shock decreases oxidative stress (MDA) and proinflammatory mediators (TNF-a, IL-6), but increases antioxidative (GSH) and antiinflammatory mark- ers (IL-10) when compared to modified gelatine solution (Gelafusine ® ). Further studies must be carried out with experi- mental models and different solutions to reach an ultimate con- clusion.
Achieving a new balance: women's transition to second-time parenthood.

OBJECTIVE To describe the experience of transition to second-time parenthood from the mother's perspective. DESIGN Descriptive phenomenology using Colaizzi's approach. SETTING Participants were interviewed in their homes. PARTICIPANTS Ten second-time mothers with a second child between the ages of 6 months and 24 months. RESULTS The birth of the second child motivated these women to seek and achieve a new balance to integrate a second child into the existing family. Seven themes emerged as common elements in all of the women's lives: (a) balancing the positive and negative elements of the early weeks, (b) knowing what to expect, (c) establishing a new routine, (d) maintaining the marital relationship, (e) taking a break, (f) seeking out support, and (g) nurturing relationships among family members. CONCLUSIONS Mothers overwhelmingly found the addition of a second child to the family to be a positive experience regardless of the effort it took to accommodate their lives to the needs of two children. Although second-time mothers approach the experience with a wealth of knowledge, this research highlights that these women may have concerns that are not addressed. The nurse can focus assessments and offer interventions to meet the needs of these women as they become mothers for the second time.
Modeling of the efficiency MAP of surface permanent magnet machine for electrical vehicles

Surface permanent magnet machines (SPM) are widely used as traction machines in the electrical vehicles due to their high power density and high efficiency. In view of the driving cycle requirements in the traction drive, efficiency of SPM over a driving cycle is more important than the efficiency of SPM at a single operating point. This paper presents an approach to model the efficiency MAP of SPM, for optimizing the average driving cycle efficiency (ADCE) of traction drive. The efficiency MAP is modeled as a series of efficiency contours, and the efficiency contour can be deduced from the motor design parameters in this paper. The finite element analysis (FEA) method is used to validate the proposed model.
Improved fast edge and facet finding algorithms for the RWG and SWG basis functions

The edges/facets shared by two adjacent triangular/tetrahedral elements are necessary for the RWG/SWG basis functions. Two improved fast algorithms with linear complexities for finding the shared edges/facets from the data of mesh generators are presented in this paper, which can be employed for easy constructions of universal simulation tools and for problem tests in computational electromagnetics researches.
SELECTION OF OPTIMAL MINING ALGORITHM FOR OUTLIER DETECTION-AN EFFICIENT METHOD TO PREDICT / DETECT MONEY LAUNDERING CRIME IN FINANCE INDUSTRY

Today, Money Laundering (ML) poses a serious threat and unique challenge to financial institutions. Most of the financial institutions internationally have been implementing Anti-Money Laundering solutions (AML) to fight against money laundering activities. The volume of transaction data in banking is huge and contains a lot of useful information. Detecting money laundering is one of the most valuable information which we can discover from transaction data. Various data mining techniques have been applied in Money Laundering detection system used by financial institutions today. Outlier detection is a data mining technique to detect rare events, deviant objects, and exceptions from client or customer transaction data. This paper, discusses on different outlier techniques, comparison between them and framework for selection of right mining algorithm for implementing the same.
Self-Gravitating Stellar Collapse: Explicit Geodesics and Path Integration

We extend the work of Oppenheimer-Synder to model the gravitational collapse of a star to a black hole by including quantum mechanical effects. We first derive closed-form solutions for classical paths followed by a particle on the surface of the collapsing star in Schwarzschild and Kruskal coordinates for space-like, time-like and light-like geodesics. We next present an application of these paths to model the collapse of ultra-light dark matter particles, which necessitates incorporating quantum effects. To do so we treat a particle on the surface of the star as a wavepacket and integrate over all possible paths taken by the particle. The waveform is computed in Schwarzschild coordinates and found to exhibit an ingoing and an outgoing component, where the former contains the probability of collapse, while the latter contains the probability that the star will disperse. These calculations pave the way for investigating the possibility of quantum collapse that does not lead to black hole formation as well as for exploring the nature of the wavefunction inside r = 2M.
Exact Image Method for Radiation Problems in Stratified Isorefractive Tellegen Media

We develop a generalized image method to solve radiation problems in nonreciprocal stratified Tellegen media. It is shown that the electromagnetic fields emitted by elementary sources have exact analytical expressions in case of isorefractive structures. Namely, we prove that the fields radiated by an electric dipole in the vicinity of a nonreciprocal Tellegen slab can be written as the superposition of the fields radiated by a set of infinite virtual dipoles. We outline some possible applications of our theory and show that the Tellegen slab allows tailoring the polarization state of the radiated fields.
A Survey on Hybrid Circuit-Breaker Topologies

The applications of power semiconductors in circuit-breaker (CB) technology can help achieve considerable improvement in its performance and possible new capabilities. In this paper, new trends in power electronics for the applications in CBs are presented. It also summarizes and reviews the appropriate hybrid mechanical-static CB topologies. Various conventional and derived topologies for ac as well as dc applications are described. Discussions about common and future trends in this technology development are presented. This study will provide a useful framework and point of reference for the future development of hybrid CBs for various different applications.
Comparative localization of two serotonin receptors and sensorin in the central nervous system of Aplysia californica

Aplysia californica is a powerful model for understanding the cellular and molecular mechanisms underlying modulation of neuronal plasticity and learning. In the central nervous system of Aplysia, serotonin is associated with various behaviors. For example, it induces short‐, intermediate‐, and long‐term synaptic changes in sensory neurons during learning and inhibits the afterdischarge of the bag cells that initiate egg‐laying behavior. Little is known about the nature and contribution of serotonin receptors involved in the numerous serotonin‐mediated physiological responses in Aplysia. Recently, two Gi‐coupled serotonin receptors (5‐HTap1 and 5‐HTap2) were cloned. We now report that, by using in situ hybridization to express the profile of these receptors, we are able to gain critical insight into their roles in the behavior of Aplysia. We compared their distribution to that of sensorin‐A, a peptide specifically found in sensory neurons. We wished to determine their involvement in some simple forms of behavioral modifications. 5‐HTap1 and 5‐HTap2 mRNAs are expressed in all ganglia of the Aplysia central nervous system. Stronger signal was observed with the 5‐HTap2 antisense probe than with the 5‐HTap1 antisense probe. Notably, mRNA coding for the receptors was found in several identified neurons, in the bag cells, in characterized serotonergic neurons, and in neurons of the mechanosensory clusters that expressed sensorin. We also observed heterogeneity of receptor expression between R2 and LPl1 and among neurons of a single cluster of sensory neurons. These results suggest that 5‐HTap1 and 5‐HTap2 receptors may regulate the response to serotonin and/or its release in several neurons. J. Comp. Neurol. 490:295–304, 2005. © 2005 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Growth characteristics of experimental intracerebrally transplanted oral epithelium.

✓ Oral mucosa was transplanted into the brains of 50 baby rats; in 45, viable growth was demonstrated when the animals were sacrificed 1 to 24 months later. The transplants showed stratified squamous, cuboidal, and transitional-like epithelium plus secondary changes such as cholesterol clefts, calcification, and in one case, lamellar bone. The tumors had an unpredictable growth rate. The histological characteristics were those of epidermoids, dermoids, craniopharyngiomas, or Rathke cleft cysts, and suggested a common histogenesis.
Evaluation of Alamar colorimetric broth microdilution susceptibility testing method for staphylococci and enterococci

We compared the results of the Alamar broth microdilution susceptibility testing method with the results of the National Committee for Clinical Laboratory Standards reference broth microdilution method for 119 gram-positive organisms. The strains were tested for their susceptibilities to 20 antimicrobial agents. Only appropriate antimicrobial agents were evaluated for each species of bacteria. Absolute categorical agreement between the reference method and the test method was 91.5% for enterococci, 99.8% for oxacillin-susceptible staphylococci, and 97.4% for oxacillin-resistant staphylococci. Essential agreement (percent complete agreement plus percent minor errors) was > 99% for all organisms tested. The results for enterococci showed no very major errors, one major error with ofloxacin, and numerous minor errors with the quinolones. However, all except one of the minor errors were within +/- 1 log2 dilution of the reference result. For staphylococci, only 2 very major errors (one each with chloramphenicol and oxacillin), 1 major error (chloramphenicol), and 15 minor errors (multiple drugs) were observed. The Alamar colorimetric system was easy to use and the results were easy to read. It appears to be an acceptable method for antimicrobial susceptibility testing of staphylococci and enterococci.
Sun deprivation , vitamin D insufficiency , coronary heart disease , and diabetes mellitus : A point of concern

This review summarises available evidence for an association of low vitamin D status with chronic diseases, such as cardiovascular disease (CVD), congestive heart failure (CHF), and diabetes mellitus. Human vitamin D status primarily depends on skin exposure to the ultraviolet B (UVB) spectrum of the sunlight. Sun-deprived lifestyle is associated with low vitamin D status and high morbidity for CVD and diabetes mellitus. Experimental data have demonstrated the essential role of the vitamin D hormone calcitriol for vascular health and insulin secretion. Several retrospective studies already indicate that calcitriol and other active vitamin D analogues reduce all-cause and cardiovascular mortality in specific patients groups. In addition, vitamin D status is low in groups with a high cardiovascular morbidity risk such as elderly people and immobilized subjects. Meanwhile, the first large observational studies indicate an association between low vitamin D status and an increased risk for CVD and type 2 diabetes in the general population. CVD is also a major risk factor for CHF. Up to 50% of end-stage CHF patients have very low calcitriol concentrations. In these patients, calcitriol is an independent predictor of survival. Importantly, there is evidence that CHF patients and healthy subjects differ during earlier periods of their lives with regard to life style factors that are associated with risk of a low vitamin D status. Available data point to the importance of preventive strategies to improve vitamin D status in early periods of life. Such strategies should
Risk of high‐grade precancerous lesions and invasive cancers in high‐risk HPV‐positive women with normal cervix or CIN 1 at baseline—A population‐based cohort study

Infection with high‐risk human papillomavirus (HR‐HPV) is transient and clears on its own in majority of the women. Only a few women who have persistent infection may finally develop cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) or cervical cancer in later years. The risk of progression in the HR‐HPV‐positive women with normal cervix or low‐grade lesion on colposcopy and histopathology at baseline is less studied. We performed a longitudinal study on 650 HR‐HPV‐positive women with colposcopy and/or histopathology‐proved normal or CIN1 diagnosis at baseline to assess the cumulative risk of development of high‐grade CIN. After a mean follow‐up of 2.1 person years of observation (PYO) (range 0.1–5.1), the cumulative incidence of CIN2+ (6.4%; 3.0/100 PYO) was significantly higher in women who had persistent HR‐HPV infection compared to those who cleared the infection (adjusted HR 6.28; 95% CI 2.87–13.73). The risk of viral persistence in women aged 50–60 years was two times higher compared to women aged 40–49 years and three times higher compared to women aged 30–39 years. The probability of having persistent infection increased progressively with higher viral load at baseline (adjusted HR 3.29, 95% CI 2.21–4.90 for RLU ≥100; adjusted HR 2.69, 95% CI 1.71–4.22 for RLU 10–100). Women with increasing viral load at follow‐up had four times higher risk of developing CIN2 or worse lesions as compared to those with decreasing load (20.9% vs 4.8%; p < 0.001). In the context of developing countries where cytology or genotyping triaging is not feasible, colposcopy referral of HR‐HPV‐positive women with advancing age, viral persistence, and increasing viral load may be considered.
Biochemical characterization of nonintegrated plasmid-folded chromosome complexes: sex factor F and the Escherichia coli nucleoid

The existence of nonintegrated plasmid-chromosome complexes has been deduced in previous work from the cosedimentation of covalently closed, circular plasmids with host folded chromosomes. In the present work, it is shown that about 70 to 90% of the covalently closed, circular F deoxyribonucleic acid could be released in vitro from chromosome complexes by ribonuclease treatment but not by protease, Sarkosyl, or ethidium bromide. Consistent with the in vitro studies, Escherichia coli cells treated for 5 min with rifampin, an inhibitor of ribonucleic acid initiation, released upon lysis 90% of their plasmid deoxyribonucleic acid as freely sedimenting molecules.
Exercising with reserve: exercise regulation by perceived exertion in relation to duration of exercise and knowledge of endpoint

Objective: The purpose of this study was to examine ratings of perceived exertion (RPE) and performance during repetitive maximal effort 40 km time trials as well as after an intervention that aimed to decrease certainty about the remaining distance of the exercise bout. In addition, we examined the RPE during exercise bouts of markedly different duration. Methods: Part 1: 12 well-trained, competitive-level cyclists completed five 40 km time trials. During the final time trial all feedback was withheld until the final kilometre. In addition, to cause confusion about the remaining distance, they were asked to report their RPE at random intervals from 18 km to 38 km. Part 2: 6 well-trained, recreation-level cyclists randomly completed a 5 km, 10 km, 40 km and 100 km time trial. Results: Part 1: Mean RPE increased during the first four trials and decreased during the final trial. The rate of RPE progression increased in linearity during the first four trials and became more conservative in the final trial. These changes were directly related to performance. Part 2: Mean RPE for longer duration trials (40 km, 100 km) were lower during the first half of trial duration but matched those of shorter trials in the final 20%. Conclusions: Increased familiarity of the exercise bout and certainty about its endpoint are associated with a more aggressive RPE strategy that produces a superior exercise performance. Certainty about the endpoint and the duration of exercise affect both the RPE strategy and performance.
Application of TILLING for Orphan Crop Improvement

Abstract People in developing countries mostly depend for their diet on special staple crops, so called orphan crops. These crops play a key role in food security since they are grown by many resource-poor farmers and consumed locally. Despite their huge importance in the economy and livelihood of the developing world, orphan crops have received little attention in terms of scientific improvement. Although conventional breeding is widely implemented to improve crop plants, alternative methods such as marker-assisted breeding and reverse genetics approaches have proved to be efficient in developing crop cultivars. In this review, we present detailed description of a non-transgenic and reverse genetics technique called TILLING (Targeting Induced Local Lesion IN Genomes). The method was originally optimized in the model plant Arabidposis thaliana and subsequently applied to crops such as maize, wheat, and rice. We also present detailed procedures for several TILLING strategies and discuss their benefits and drawbacks. The application of the technique for orphan crop improvement is also discussed based on several TILLING platforms currently carried-out on these understudied crops of the world.
Second law and Landauer principle far from equilibrium

The amount of work that is needed to change the state of a system in contact with a heat bath between specified initial and final nonequilibrium states is at least equal to the corresponding equilibrium free energy difference plus (respectively, minus) temperature times the information of the final (respectively, the initial) state relative to the corresponding equilibrium distributions.
A latent profile analysis of childhood trauma in women with bulimia nervosa: Associations with borderline personality disorder psychopathology.

OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to empirically examine naturally occurring groups of individuals with bulimia nervosa (BN) based on their childhood trauma (CT) histories and to compare these groups on a clinically relevant external validator, borderline personality disorder (BPD) psychopathology. METHOD This study examined the relationship between CT and BPD psychopathology among 133 women with BN using latent profile analysis (LPA) to classify participants based on histories of CT. Participants completed the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV Axis I Disorders (SCID-I/P), the Diagnostic Interview for Borderlines-Revised (DIB-R), and the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire (CTQ). RESULTS The LPA revealed four trauma profiles: low/no trauma, emotional trauma, sexual trauma, and polytrauma. Results indicated that the sexual and polytrauma profiles displayed significantly elevated scores on the DIB-R and that the low/no and emotional trauma profiles did not differ significantly on the DIB-R. Secondary analyses revealed elevated levels of a composite CT score among those with both BN and BPD psychopathology compared to those with BN only. DISCUSSION These findings suggest that both childhood sexual abuse and the additive effects of childhood polytrauma may be linked to BPD psychopathology in BN. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. (Int J Eat Disord 2016; 49:689-694).
Racial Differences in Knowledge and Beliefs About Alzheimer Disease

Alzheimer disease (AD) is a growing public health problem that disproportionately affects racial and ethnic minorities, including African Americans. Given that the perceptions of illness can influence response to treatment options and coping with disease burden, we examined differences between African Americans and whites with regard to their attitudes, beliefs, and knowledge about AD. A total of 301 participants (mean age=57 y; 80% female; 47% African American) were surveyed by telephone, with overrepresentation of caregivers and first-degree relatives of people with AD (62% of sample). After controlling for potentially confounding covariates, the 2 groups differed in terms of the following: (1) their knowledge about the disease (eg, recognizing that AD is not a part of normal aging); (2) concern about AD (eg, worry about developing the disease); (3) beliefs about putative causes of AD (eg, stress); and 4) beliefs about the effectiveness of various options for reducing risk of and treating AD (eg, physical activity). Findings suggest that AD outreach and education efforts may do well to take into account divergent illness perceptions across racial and ethnic groups. Further research is needed to confirm these findings in more representative samples and to identify factors that explain these racial differences.