Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Anatomical bases of supraventricular arrhythmias

The adoption of catheter ablation techniques for the treatment of tachyarrhythmias in humans has increased the interest in cardiac anatomy. Interventional arrhythmologists have had to study the gross morphologic and architectural features of the heart. In addition, a new investigational wave has emerged to revisit cardiac anatomic topics for which the information was incomplete or simply wrong. As a result, recent studies have unraveled anatomic features, architectural aspects, and histologic details of certain components of the heart that are of interest to understand the substrates of tachycardias and their ablation. The purpose of this study was to review the gross morphological band structural details of the right and left atria such as the terminal crest (crista terminalis), cavotricuspid isthmus, Koch´s triangle, and its content, the Eustachian ridge or valve, the sub-Thebesian recess, the PV orifices and their neighboring left atrial landmarks and the architecture of the venoatrial junction. In addition, we describe the anatomy of the left atrial isthmus and, the oblique vein of Marshall. The relationship of the important structures in the neighborhood of the left atrium and the pulmonary veins as the oesophagus and phrenic nerves are also described.
Antigen untuk Metode Serologi Deteksi Antibodi Anti-HIV

HIV can be diagnosed with varieties of the methods. Various serological test methods such as EIA have been developed from the first to the fourth generation to rapid test to detect anti-HIV antibody. Pathogen-specific antibodies can be detected by using a specific antigen derived from the pathogen. Antigens may originate from either isolated proteins or recombinant proteins, and or use either recombinant or synthetic peptides. Ika Puspita Dewi. Antigen for Serology Method of Anti-HIV Antibodies Detection.
Trends in Treatment Success Rate and Associated Factors among Tuberculosis Patients in Ethiopia: A Retrospective Cohort Study

Background: Tuberculosis (TB) is a chronic infectious disease mainly caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis. TB remains a major global health problem and cause of illness in millions of people each year. This study aimed to reveal trends in treatment success and independent predictors of TB in public health facilities in Sodo Town, Ethiopia. Methods: This was a facility-based retrospective study at public health facilities in Sodo Town, Ethiopia. 725 patients over a three-year period were analyzed by logistic regression. Data were entered in to Epi Info v3.5. 4, thoroughly cleaned and analyzed in SPSS v20. Results: Of 725 TB patients, 591 (81.5%) were successfully treated, 41 (5.7%) died, 43 (5.9%) defaulted, 6 (0.8%) failed treatment, and 44 (6.1%) were transferred out. The odds of treatment success was 4.43-times greater for patients treated in 2012 compared to those treated in 2015 (aOR 4.43, 95% CI 1.11-16.33), while patients treated in 2014 had a 4.11-times greater probability of succeeding treatment than those treated in 2015 (aOR 4.11, 95% CI 1.20-14.12). Pulmonary-negative TB patients had a 4.72-times greater odds of succeeding treatment than extra-pulmonary TB patients (aOR 4.72, 95% CI 1.03-21.67). Likewise, HIV-positive TB patients who started co-trimoxazole preventive therapy (CPT) were 4.8- times more likely to succeed treatment than their untreated counterparts (aOR 4.80, 95% CI 1.01-22.78). Pulmonary-positive TB patients at directly-observed treatment, short-course (DOTS) initiation with negative sputum smear results at the end of the 2nd month had 31.73-times greater chance of succeeding treatment than those who were smear positive after two months of intensive-phase therapy (aOR 31.73, 95% CI 5.9-58.63). Conclusion: The overall treatment success rate was low.
Coronary Artery Bypass Graft in Six Members of a Family: A Case Series

Abstract: Coronary artery disease (CAD) is a multifactorial problem. Although hyperlipidemia (HLP), diabetes (DM), and hypertension (HTN) are known as the familial and cardiac risk factors, CABG is rare in the several members of a family. We reported the six members of a family who presented with MI and/or advanced angina pectoris during the 6 years. CABG(Coronary artery bypass graft) considered for all patients due to involvement in main coronary arteries and clinical presentation. The ejection fraction (EF) was varied between 25% to 70%. Beating heart cardiopulmonary bypass (beating heart CPB) and off-pump were chosen as surgical method. The mean duration of surgery was about 4 hours. The only post-operative complication was deep wound infected in a young man who was smoker and drug abuser. According to family relationship of patients and the high effect of genetic penetration, we presume the gene influence to incidence CAD and potential to undergoing CABG, in members of a special family.
Study report: association between pure tone average and ossicular status in chronic suppurative otitis media

Prediction of ossicular status in chronic suppurative otitis media (CSOM) before tympanomastoidectomy was required for selection of surgical techniques. Some studies about prediction of ossicular status withpure tone average had revealed different results. This study aimed to prove correlation between pure tone average and ossicular status in CSOM patients whom underwent timpanomastoidectomy at Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery Dr. Soetomo Hospital Surabaya. This was an observational analytic study with retrospective cross sectional design using secondary data of medical record. Simple randomized sampling was derived from CSOM patients whom underwent tympanomastoidectomy and appropriated with inclusion and exclusion criterias. Ossicular status during the surgery was obtained from operation report based on Austin-Kartush criterias. Pure tone averageis the average threshold of hearing in speech frequencies that were 500, 1000, 2000, and 4000 Hz from audigram. About 65 CSOM patients who underwent tympanomastoidectomy were included to this. The ossicular erosion in the study was 63,1% while the normal ossicles (ossicular status O) was 36,9%. The most common ossicular erosion all ossicles (ossicular status D) 36,9%; followed by incus and stapes (ossicular status B) as 9,2%; incus (ossicular status A) as 10,7%; maleus and incus (ossicular status C) as 6,2%; and fixation of stapes (ossicular status F) as 3,1%. Two-way Anova test resulted p value = 0,00 (p < 0,05). There was correlation between pure tone average and ossicular statusin chronic suppurative otitis media patients. Increased pure tone average could estimate presence of ossicular erosion before surgery obtained in chronic suppurative otitis media patients.
13910C>T and 22018G>A LCT gene polymorphisms in diagnosing hypolactasia in children

Background Primary lactose intolerance (PLI) is a gradual decrease of lactase activity that usually manifests at the age of 1–5 years. It has been proved that PLI is related to a single-nucleotide polymorphism of the lactase (LCT) gene. Objective An evaluation was performed on the usefulness of genetic tests in detecting LCT 13910C>T and 22018G>A polymorphisms in diagnosing lactose intolerance in children. Methods The study group included 99 children aged from 2 months to 16.5 years with different digestive tract symptoms. In all patients a hydrogen breath test (HBT) was conducted and blood samples were collected to determine LCT polymorphisms. PLI was defined as the presence of the 13910CC and/or 22018GG polymorphism in patients with a positive HBT result. Results In the group younger than 6 years, no statistically significant correlation was observed between the 13910CC and/or 22018GG LCT polymorphisms and HBT result. In the group of children older than 6, a statistically significant correlation between the 13910CC (p = 0.0011) and 22018GG (p = 0.003) LCT polymorphisms and HBT result was detected. Conclusions In children older than 6, the result of genetic testing based on LCT 13910C>T and 22018G>A polymorphisms may diagnose lactose intolerance.
Sigara bırakma başarısını etkileyen faktörler

Amac: Sigara onemli bir saglik sorunudur. Sigara icicilerinin yaklasik %70’i sigara birakmayi istemektedir. Bu calismada; sigara birakma poliklinigine basvuran ve davranissal egitim ve/veya farmakoterapi baslanan hastalarda sigara birakma basarisini etkileyen faktorleri tespit etmeyi amacladik. Yontem: Ekim 2017-Şubat 2018 tarihleri arasinda sigara birakma poliklinigine basvuran hastalarin demografik verileri, sigara icme durumlari, daha once sigara birakma girisim durumlari, Fagestrom nikotin bagimlilik test sonuclari, hastane anksiyete ve depresyon olcek sonuclari, medikal oykuleri ve sigara birakma farmakoterapisini ucretli/ucretsiz alma durumlari hasta kayitlarindan elde edildi. Veriler istatistiksel olarak analiz edildi. Bulgular: Psikiyatrik hastalik oykusu olan hastalarda 6 aylik sigara birakma basarisi %14,8 iken psikiyatrik hastalik oykusu olmayanlarda %39,1 bulunmustur (p=0,035). Saglik Bakanligi sigara birakma kampanyasi bunyesinde ilac temin eden hastalarda 6 ay sigara birakma basarisi %30,9 iken ilacini ucretli temin eden hastalarda 6 ay sigara birakma basarisi %18 bulunmustur (p=0,006). Altinci ayda sigarayi birakabilmis olan hastalarda ortalama kullanilan sigara birakma ilaci kutu sayisi 1,9±0,922 iken sigarayi birakamayanlarda 1,5±1,023 bulunmustur (p<0,001). Sigara birakma tedavisinde 3 aylik tedavi suresini tamamlayanlarda 6 aylik sigara birakma basarisi %46,7 iken tedaviyi tamamlamayanlarda %22,3 bulunmustur (p<0,001). Sonuc: Bu calismada 6 aylik sigara birakma basarisini etkileyen faktorler sigara birakma ilacinin daha uzun sure kullanilmasi, onerilen tedavi suresinin tamamlanmasi, psikiyatrik hastalik oykusunun olmamasi, sigara birakmak icin istekli bireylerin ilaci ucretsiz temin etmesinin saglanmasidir Anahtar sozcukler: Sigara birakma, saglik kampanyasi, vareniklin
i(7)(q10) in myeloid malignancies

Isochromosome of the long arm of chromosome 7 is a known chromosomal abnormality in hematological malignancies that may be found in patients with Shwachman-Diamond syndrome, hepatosplenic Tcell lymphoma and acute lymphoblastic leukemia. In myeloid malignancies, i(7)(q10) may be found in acute myeloid leukemias and chronic myeloproliferative disorders, either as a solely anomaly or more frequently as a secondary anomaly associated with other additional anomalies.
Cerebral Gliomas Patterns at the General Hospital of Douala, Cameroon

The diagnosis and management of cerebral gliomas are challenging. The goal of this study was to evaluate the pattern of cerebral gliomas at the General Hospital Douala, Cameroon. A retrospective study was carried out over a period of 10 years. Non-glial lesions were not included. Data were analyzed with Epi info version 7.2. 2.6 (Microsoft, Seattle, USA). 220 cases of brain tumors, comprising 56 gliomas (25.46% of all brain tumors) were managed during the study period. The mean age of the patients was 42.93 ± 16.90 years. 35 cases (62.5%) were males. Patients over 15 years of age represented 91.07% (n = 51) of the cases. The most frequent presenting complaints were headache and vomiting with 52 cases (92.86%) and 47 cases (83.93%) respectively. Brain computed tomography was done for all patients. The most frequent histological type was astrocytoma with 22 cases (39.29%) followed by glioblastoma with 20 cases (35.71%). The most performed surgical technique was partial removal with 33 cases (58.93%), followed by open biopsy with 14 cases (25.00%). Radiotherapy was administered to 54 patients (96.43%). The outcome ranged from full recovery in 8 cases (14.29%), recovery with persisting symptoms, in 15 cases (26.79%) and death in 26 cases (46.43%). Seven patients (12.50%) were lost to view. In this series, cerebral gliomas affected most often adult males. Most of them presented with signs of raised intracranial pressure. The outcome was poor with 46.43% of patients dying before 2 years after diagnosis.
Cancer and Obesity: Am I Part of the Problem?

A s a member of the American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO), I occasionally receive emails containing requests for survey participation. This morning, the survey requested my thoughts on how I address obesity, physical activity, and nutrition with my patients. I confess this topic was on my mind. I had recently returned from a vacation to Kauai where I saw many people on airplanes and in the airport and had been struck by the number of overweight individuals. My first thought was to wonder if people are aware of the cardiovascular and cancer risks associated with obesity. But after the ASCO survey this morning, my thoughts are of my role in tackling the very real risks of cancer associated with obesity in my patients. Am I doing enough to educate my patients, and when confronted with obesity in my patient population, am I addressing the issue realistically with them?
Nitric Oxide Spares Myocardial Oxygen Consumption Through Attenuation of Contractile Response to β-Adrenergic Stimulation in Patients With Idiopathic Dilated Cardiomyopathy

Background—The results of recent studies suggest that NO synthase may increase in the failing myocardium and that NO modulates the myocardial contractile response to β-adrenergic stimulation. However, there are few data regarding the physiological role of NO in patients with heart failure. The aim of the present study was to address the role of NO in left ventricular (LV) contractile response to β-adrenergic stimulation and corresponding oxygen expenditure in human heart failure. Methods and Results—We studied 15 patients with heart failure due to idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy (mean ejection fraction 0.33). We examined LV contractility (Emax, the slope of end-systolic pressure-volume relation), LV external work (EW), myocardial oxygen consumption (MVo2), and mechanical efficiency (measured as EW/MVo2) with the use of conductance and coronary sinus thermodilution catheters before and during dobutamine (DOB) infusion via a peripheral vein (4.8±0.3 μg · kg−1 · min−1 IV). Heart rate was kept constant wi.
Effect of Antenatal Counseling on Postpartum Family Planning among Women Attending Family Medicine Units in 6th of October City

Background: Antenatal counseling provides an important opportunity to improve maternal understanding of postpartum family planning and good opportunity to make an appropriate choice of postpartum family planning method. Objectives: To measure the degree of satisfaction from antenatal family planning counseling and to identify its relation to PPFP adoption among women attending family medicine centers in 6th October city. Methods: A Cross sectional study was conducted on 384 married women in reproductive age attending three randomly selected family medicine centers. They should be healthymarried women in reproductive age and having at least one living child not less than one-yearold.Women with history of primary or secondary infertility and repeated abortion were excluded. Data were collected through an interview questionnaire including socio-demographic data and reproductive history, family planning method used in the postpartum period, for her at least one year old child and antenatal counseling about post-postpartum family planning done in her pregnancy in her previous one year old child. Proper postpartum family planning is defined as use of contraception within 40 days after delivery with continuation for at least one year after delivery of the last child. Results: There is statistically significant relationship between antenatal counseling service provision and use of PPFP methods among studied women P<0.05, and found that family health center number (1) had the highest preformation regarding antenatal counseling services provision (75.4%), antenatal counseling sessions regarding PPFP mentioned by (67.7%), two thirds of studied women (65.0%) were satisfied regarding antenatal counseling session and doctors providing the counseling as mentioned by 40.8% of participating women. Conclusion: There is a statistically significant relationship between adequate antenatal family planning counseling and use of PPFP methods.
Characteristics of presynaptic inhibition of monosynaptic spinal cord reflexes after removal of the anterior lobe of the cerebellum

In experiments on cats the antidromic responses from Ia fibres of n. gastrocnemius and n. peroneus profundus (Wall's technique) and monosynaptic discharges from VRL7 were recorded in norm and after removal of the cerebellum anterior lobe. The reduction of the amplitude of antidromic responses in the Ia afferents of n. gastrocnemius ad their increase in the Ia afferents of n. peroneus profundus were observed together with the reduction of the amplitude of both monosynaptic extensor and flexor responses. It is suggested that there exists a separate background control from the anterior lobe of the cerebellum over the spinal motoneurons and interneurons mediating presynaptic inhibition.
Utilization of Outpatient Social Work Services Among Veterans with Combat-Related Polytrauma: A Review and Case Analysis

Abstract We examined outpatient social work service utilization and associated costs among patients with combat-related polytrauma who received services at a veterans’ hospital in the southeast United States between 2007 and June 2011. This is a retrospective cohort study of a purposive sample of 265 service recipients using secondary data extracted from the Veterans Health Administration Medical SAS Outpatient and CPRS databases. Combat-related veterans (n = 265) with polytrauma had a total of 10,437 outpatient social work service encounters and received 91 different outpatient social work service procedures, providing a total number of 8,564 outpatient social work service procedures. The highest frequencies for procedural and diagnostic coding are “unspecified. ” The provision of social work services needs to be studied to maximize efficiency, cost-effectiveness, and the quality of care being provided to veterans with combat-related polytrauma. Research studying the role of social work case management in the continuum of care is limited and warranted expansion.
Lean Healthcare Simulation: aliando Lean e Simulação para identificar oportunidades de melhoria em um pronto atendimento hospitalar

Muitos países têm enfrentado o desafio de melhorar os serviços de saúde oferecidos aos cidadãos em um cenário de austeridade. Para enfrentar esse desafio, a Engenharia de Produção pode oferecer respostas, como o Lean, a Simulação a Eventos Discretos e sua integração: o Lean Healthcare Simulation (LHS). Entretanto, apesar dos benefícios da integração, há ainda poucos estudos de LHS publicados. Uma das explicações para tal fato pode ser a dificuldade de realização dos projetos de LHS devido à complexidade e à multidisciplinaridade originadas da junção de três diferentes áreas: Lean, simulação e serviços de saúde. Por essa razão, o presente estudo tem como objetivo desenvolver um projeto de LHS que atenda às principais recomendações das três áreas e que sirva de exemplo à comunidade de serviços de saúde. Para tanto, foi desenvolvido um projeto de LHS no pronto atendimento de um hospital filantrópico localizado em Minas Gerais. O projeto apresentou resultados positivos que foram aceitos pela equipe, identificando a possibilidade de redução de cerca de 30% no tempo até o atendimento médico e de 33,7 pontos percentuais na taxa de não conformidades. O estudo contribui ao se contrapor a outros projetos de LHS identificados que não focam na melhoria dos resultados por meio da eliminação de desperdícios, não avaliam a variabilidade do processo e não utilizam testes estatísticos adequados para avaliar os resultados dos experimentos.
Interferon gamma induces leucine-rich repeat kinase LRRK2 via extracellular signal-regulated kinase ERK5

Datum Unterschrift Für Susanne " Lerne alt zu werden mit einem jungen Herzen " (JWG) I Abstract I I Abstract The gene encoding leucine-rich repeat kinase 2 (LRRK2) is associated with familial and sporadic Parkinson's disease (PD), the second most common neurodegenerative disease. However, the role of LRRK2 in PD pathophysiology remains elusive. Recently, it has emerged that LRRK2 is highly expressed in the immune system including monocytes and macrophages and plays important roles in the immune system. LRRK2 has been reported to be induced by interferon-γ (IFN-γ) in macrophages, but the signaling pathway is not known. In this work, it was shown that LRRK2 is indeed induced upon IFN-γ stimulation. Importantly, IFN-γ-mediated induction of LRRK2 was suppressed by both pharmacological inhibition and RNA interference of the extracellular signal-regulated kinase 5 (ERK5). This was confirmed by LRRK2 immunocytochemistry, which also revealed that the morphological responses to IFN-γ were suppressed by ERK5 inhibitor treatment. Both human acute monocytic leukemia THP-1 cells and primary human peripheral blood monocytes stimulated the ERK5-LRRK2 pathway after differentiation into macrophages. Moreover, a transcriptome analysis of IFN-γ stimulated THP-1 cells co-treated with ERK5 inhibitors identified several targets putative downstream targets of LRRK2, which have to be further verified. In conclusion, this works establishes that LRRK2 is induced via a novel, ERK5-dependent IFN-γ signal transduction pathway. Moreover, it adds evidence that LRRK2 is involved in morphological alterations upon macrophage activation. The trancriptome analysis provides a list of candidate genes that may provide leads for future investigations to unravel LRRK2 immune cell function. In total, this is pointing to new functions of ERK5 and LRRK2 in human macrophages.
Are there preferred coping and communication strategies while undergoing IVF, and do cognitive behavioral interventions help?

Purpose Coping and communication strategies affect how one perceives potentially stressful life events, such as infertility. Cognitive behavioral interventions (CBI) can reduce the distress related to undergoing in vitro fertilization (IVF). The purpose of this paper is to examine the effect of CBI on the coping and communication skills as well as perceived stress and depressive symptoms of women undergoing IVF treatment. The authors also explored the relationship between coping strategies and pregnancy rates. Design/methodology/approach The authors conducted a randomized controlled trial of CBI in 50 women undergoing IVF (NCT00685282). Findings The authors found that CBI was associated with reductions in active-confrontive coping among over 50 percent of participants, which was also found to be positively related to depressive symptoms. Furthermore, high meaning-based coping at baseline and high-avoidant coping at the end of IVF treatment were associated with increased pregnancy rates. Research limitations/implications CBI can be helpful in reducing the perceived stress of women undergoing IVF; however, the adaptiveness of individual coping skills and communication skills vary. Since different coping strategies seem to be of benefit at different time points, further studies might benefit from the examination of engaging in context-dependent coping strategies. Practical implications Integrating mental health care on infertility units may assist in reducing the stress and thus quality of care in women undergoing IVF. Mental health care can be tailored to meet the individual needs of infertility patients based on their preferred coping strategies and communication style. Further research is needed to examine the cost benefit of reducing perceived stress in fertility patients. Social implications Infertility is a social and medical problem that has vast implications on the mental health of individuals. Providing support along with practical tools for stress reduction and improved coping and communication can result in reduced stress and improved coping. Originality/value This paper examined the effect of a cognitive behavioral intervention on the coping strategies and communication skills of women undergoing IVF and can contribute to our understanding of the value of integrating mental health and medical care.