Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
An Immunohistochemical Analysis of Endometrial Stromal and Smooth Muscle Tumors of the gUterus: A Study of 54 Cases Emphasizing the Importance of Using a Panel Because of Overlap in Immunoreactivity for Individual Antibodies

The expression of desmin, h-caldesmon, calponin, CD10, CD34, CD99, inhibin, and keratin (AE1/3-Cam 5.2) was studied in 10 conventional leiomyomas, 9 highly cellular leiomyomas, 9 epithelioid smooth muscle tumors, 9 leiomyosarcomas, 10 endometrial stromal tumors (4 with smooth muscle metaplasia), and 7 uterine tumors resembling ovarian sex cord tumors (UTROSCTs). c-kit expression was tested in 10 endometrial stromal tumors, 7 UTROSCTs, and 9 leiomyosarcomas. Desmin was positive in almost all smooth muscle tumors except those of epithelioid type, which were positive in only about half of the cases. It also stained areas of smooth muscle differentiation in endometrial stromal tumors and five of seven UTROSCTs. h-caldesmon was positive in almost all nonepithelioid smooth muscle tumors and in areas of smooth muscle differentiation in endometrial stromal tumors; it was positive in only about half of the epithelioid smooth muscle tumors and negative in all UTROSCTs. Calponin was positive in most tumor types. CD10 was positive in nine of 10 endometrial stromal tumors and five of seven UTROSCTs, although very focally in the latter group. It was also expressed, however, in almost all leiomyosarcomas, almost 50% of highly cellular leiomyomas, and rarely in the other smooth muscle tumors. CD34 was negative in the tested tumors with rare exceptions. CD99 and inhibin were positive in four of seven and one of seven UTROSCTs. Keratin positivity was found in most (five of seven) UTROSCTs and occasionally in smooth muscle tumors (seven of 37). c-kit was negative in all endometrial stromal tumors, UTROSCTs, and leiomyosarcomas. The major conclusions of this study are as follows: 1) Pure endometrial stromal tumors are usually desmin negative. 2) In contrast to some previous studies, CD10 expression was often seen in smooth muscle tumors, including most leiomyosarcomas and almost half of highly cellular leiomyomas. As a result, a panel of CD10, h-caldesmon, and desmin should be used and will distinguish endometrial stromal tumors from highly cellular leiomyomas in most cases. 3) In contrast to a previous study, no significant differences in immunoreactivity were seen between h-caldesmon and desmin in tumors with smooth muscle differentiation. 4) The absence of h-caldesmon in UTROSCTs helps separate them from epithelioid smooth muscle tumors. 5) UTROSCTs may express epithelial, stromal, and smooth muscle markers, suggesting divergent differentiation. 6) Our study shows less frequent inhibin expression in the sex cord-like elements of the UTROSCTs than in other studies. 7) c-kit may help distinguish metastatic endometrial stromal tumors of the uterus (c-kit negative) from gastrointestinal stromal tumors (c-kit positive). 8) CD34, CD99, and keratin have no or minimal role in this area, but keratin positivity in smooth muscle tumors should not lead to their confusion with epithelial tumors.
Author Identification of E-mail Messages with OLMAM Trained Feedforward Neural Networks

The OLMAM algorithm (optimized Levenberg-Marquardt with adaptive momentum) is a variant of the Levenberg-Marquardt algorithm for training multilayer feedforward neural networks. OLMAM has been shown to obtain excellent solutions in difficult classification problems where other computational intelligence techniques usually achieve inferior performances. In this paper we apply OLMAM to the problem of author identification of e-mail messages which is a challenging classification problem due to the special characteristics of the data. We performed a number of experiments with a corpus of real-world e-mail messages (Enron corpus). The performance of the proposed method was compared with the performances achieved by Naive-Bayes and SVM classifiers. Author identification with OLMAM was found to be significantly better compared with the other methods even if the author wrote about different topics.
L'impact des aides au logement sur le secteur locatif privé

Les aides au logement sont versees aux locataires sous condition de ressources. Elles visent a limiter le taux d'effort, c'est-a-dire la part des ressources consacree aux depenses de logement par les menages locataires beneficiaires, ou a permettre a ces menages d'acceder a des logements de meilleure qualite, a taux d'effort donne. Dans ce dernier cas, les aides conduisent a accroitre la demande des locataires. Mais, si l'offre de logements ne s'adapte pas, alors ces aides, au lieu de beneficier aux menages allocataires, peuvent entrainer une hausse du prix des loyers. Le montant des aides depend de la zone geographique a laquelle appartient le logement. Le zonage des aides divise le territoire en trois types d'agglomerations. Les zones ont ete definies en 1978 et ont ete tres peu modifiees depuis. La zone I inclut l'agglomeration de Paris. La zone II regroupe essentiellement les agglomerations qui comprenaient plus de 100 000 habitants. La zone III correspond au reste du territoire. Le montant des aides etant plus eleve en zone II qu'en zone III, il est possible d'evaluer leur impact sur le niveau des loyers autour de ce seuil de 100 000 habitants.
ASYMPTOTIC BEHAVIOR OF SOLUTIONS OF SECOND ORDER NONLINEAR DIFFERENTIAL EQUATIONS

We study asymptotic properties of solutions for certain classes of sec- ond order nonlinear difierential equations. The main purpose is to investigate when all continuable solutions or just a part of them with initial data satisfying an additional con- dition behave at inflnity like nontrivial linear functions. Making use of Bihari's inequal- ity and its derivatives due to Dannan, we obtain results which extend and complement those known in the literature. Examples illustrating the relevance of the theorems are discussed.
Studies of N-hydroxy-N'-aminoguanidine derivatives by nitrogen-15 nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy and as ribonucleotide reductase inhibitors.

Hydroxyguanidine, with the imino group of guanidine and the hydroxyamino group of hydroxyurea, has functional groups believed to be important for both anticancer and antiviral activities (Adamson, R.H. Nature (London) 1972, 236, 400-401). Three new N-hydroxy-N'-aminoguanidine derivatives have been synthesized and found to be 20-30 times more active than the hydroxyguanidine itself as inhibitors of ribonucleotide reductase from rat Novikoff tumors (Tai, W.A.; Lai, M.M.; Lien, E.J. "Novel N-Hydroxyguanidine Derivatives as Antiviral Agents", North American Medicinal Chemistry Symposium, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada, June 20-24, 1982; Abstr, p 144). The character of the tautomeric equilibria, the pKa values, and the protonation sites of these hydroxyguanidine derivatives have been determined by 15N NMR spectroscopy.
CYP1A Induction and Blue Sac Disease in Early Life Stages of White Suckers (Catostomus commersoni) Exposed to Oil Sands

The objectives of this study were to evaluate the influence of natural oil sands on the early developmental stages of white sucker (Catostomus commersoni) and to determine whether biochemical responses in this species were similar to native fish caught in the Athabasca Oil Sands area. Early life stage (ELS) sediment toxicity tests were conducted using controls, reference sediments, natural oil sands, and industrially contaminated (wastewater pond) sediments collected from sites along the Athabasca River, Alberta (Canada). Eggs and larvae were observed for mortality, hatching, deformities, growth, and cytochrome P-4501A (CYP1A) activity using immunohistochemistry. E-Nat-, S-Nat-, and wastewater pond sediment-exposed groups showed significant premature hatching, reduced growth, and exposure-dependent increases in ELS mortality and larval malformations relative to controls. The most common larval deformities included edemas (pericardial, yolk sac, and subepidermal), hemorrhages, and spinal defects. Juveniles exposed to oil sands and wastewater pond sediments (96 h) demonstrated significantly increased 7-ethoxyresorufin–O-deethylase (EROD) activity (30- to 50-fold) as compared to controls. Reference sediment-exposed groups and water controls demonstrated reliable embryo and larval survival, minimal malformations, and negligible CYP1A staining. These observed signs of blue sac disease (ELS mortality, malformations, growth reductions, CYP1A activity induction) may produce deleterious reproductive effects in natural fish populations exposed to oil sands mixtures. This research was funded by grants from the Toxic Substances Research Initiative (Project 187) through Health Canada, Panel on Energy Research and Development, and the Natural Sciences and Engineering Council of Canada (PVH). M. Colavecchia was supported by scholarships awarded by OGS, Canadian Network of Toxicology Centres, and Petro-Canada. The authors thank the following individuals for their technical assistance with the field sampling program: R. Neurtherander (NWRI), B. Crosley, M.Conly (CWS), Golder Associates (K. Allen and M. Ezekiel), Regional Aquatics Monitoring Program, Suncor Energy (A. Cummins), Syncrude Canada (T. VanMeer, N. Rutley), M. Bowerman, and A. Winchester (Queen's University). We thank G. Fodor (DFO), Dr. P. Akhtar (Queen's University), B. Blunt, M. Baker (NWRI), S. Cagampan, and S. Backus (NLET) for their enthusiastic laboratory assistance. Portions of this research were presented at the 2003 Annual Aquatic Toxicity Workshop (Thirtieth Annual Meeting Abstracts, p. 90). Useful comments by Dr. S. Kacew and two anonymous reviewers helped improve an earlier draft of this article.
Employees' Innovation Behavior - The Role of External Information Awareness and Proactiveness of Innovation Strategy

Employees’ innovation behavior (IB), which involves developing, promoting, judging, distributing and implementing new ideas, is the foundation for knowledge creation and diffusion in organizations. Therefore, it is important to encourage employees’ IB in knowledge management initiatives. To better understand IB, this study applies the theory of planned behavior (TPB). Employees’ attitude towards innovation, subjective norm about innovation, and perceived behavioral control to innovation are expected to influence employees’ IB. In addition, the effects of organizational factors are considered. Specifically, the influence of external information awareness (EIA) and proactiveness of innovation strategy (PIS) are examined. Results from a survey of employees in Japanese organizations show that employees’ attitude, subjective norm, and perceived behavioral control not only significantly influence their innovative behavior, they also mediate the effects of EIA and PIS. This study contributes to research by understanding what individual and organizational factors influence employees’ IB and extending TPB by considering the effects of EIA and PIS, using data collected from an understudied yet important context. The findings also suggest that managers should focus on improving perceived behavioral controls, EIA and PIS to encourage employees’ IB.
Association between circadian genes, bipolar disorders and chronotypes

Abnormalities in circadian rhythms play an important role in the pathogenesis of bipolar disorders (BD). Previous genetic studies have reported discrepant results regarding associations between circadian genes and susceptibility to BD. Furthermore, plausible behavioral consequences of at-risk variants remain unclear since there is a paucity of correlates with phenotypic biomarkers such as chronotypes. Here, we combined association studies with a genotype/phenotype correlation in order to determine which circadian genes variants may be associated with the circadian phenotypes observed in patients with BD. First, we compared the allele frequencies of 353 single nucleotide polymorphisms spanning 21 circadian genes in two independent samples of patients with BD and controls. The meta-analysis combining both samples showed a significant association between rs774045 in TIMELESS (OR = 1.49 95%CI[1.18–1.88]; p = 0.0008) and rs782931 in RORA (OR = 1.31 95%CI[1.12–1.54]; p = 0.0006) and BD. Then we used a “reverse phenotyping approach” to look for association between these two polymorphisms and circadian phenotypes in a subsample of patients and controls. We found that rs774045 was associated with eveningness (p = 0.04) and languid circadian type (p = 0.01), whereas rs782931 was associated with rigid circadian type (p = 0.01). Altogether, these findings suggest that these variants in the TIMELESS and RORA genes may confer susceptibility to BD and impact on circadian phenotypes in carriers who thus had lower ability to properly adapt to external cues.
Immunosuppressive treatment of patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis

Documented treatment for amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is not available. Several studies have suggested an immunological etiology and an effect on the course of disease, when ALS‐patients were treated with immunosuppressants. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effect of immunosuppressive therapy in ALS‐patients comparing the course of disease in treated patients and in historic controls with ALS; 21 patients were included in the study, 17 men and 4 women. Median age at admission was 54 years for men and 61 years for women. 5 had progressive bulbar palsy, 7 both upper and lower motor neuron affections and 9 progressive muscular atrophy. Patients were treated with prednisolone and azathioprine for 1 year and examined regularly; 12 were treated and followed for more than a year. No definite difference between survival in treated patients and their controls was found.
Protein machines and self assembly in muscle organization.

The remarkable order of striated muscle is the result of a complex series of protein interactions at different levels of organization. Within muscle, the thick filament and its major protein myosin are classical examples of functioning protein machines. Our understanding of the structure and assembly of thick filaments and their organization into the regular arrays of the A-band has recently been enhanced by the application of biochemical, genetic, and structural approaches. Detailed studies of the thick filament backbone have shown that the myosins are organized into a tubular structure. Additional protein machines and specific myosin rod sequences have been identified that play significant roles in thick filament structure, assembly, and organization. These include intrinsic filament components, cross-linking molecules of the M-band and constituents of the membrane-cytoskeleton system. Muscle organization is directed by the multistep actions of protein machines that take advantage of well-established self-assembly relationships.
The Sexual Orientation Wage Gap: The Role of Occupational Sorting and Human Capital

Using data from the 2000 U.S. Census, the authors explore two alternative explanations for the sexual orientation wage gap: occupational sorting, and human capital differences. They find that lesbian women earned more than heterosexual women irrespective of marital status, while gay men earned less than their married heterosexual counterparts but more than their cohabitating heterosexual counterparts. Results of a Oaxaca-Blinder decomposition indicate that the relative wage advantages observed for some groups of lesbians and gay men were mainly owing to greater levels of human capital accumulation (particularly education), while occupational sorting had little or no influence. The relative wage penalties that were observed in other cases, however, cannot be attributed either to differences in occupational sorting or to human capital. An analysis employing a DiNardo, Fortin, and Lemieux decomposition, which allows for variation in the wage gap at different points along the wage distribution, broadly confirms these results.
Theoretical analysis of the combined effects of sulfur vacancies and analyte adsorption on the electronic properties of single-layer MoS2

We report a first-principles theoretical investigation on the electronic structure and electron transport of defective single-layer (SL) MoS2, as well as of corresponding structures adsorbed with benzyl viologen (BV), which was shown to provide improved performance of a field effect transistor. O2 adsorption was included to gain an understanding of the response upon air-exposure. Following analysis of the structure and stability of sulfur single vacancy and line defects in SL MoS2, we investigated the local transport at the adsorbed sites via a transport model that mimics a scanning tunneling spectroscopy experiment. Distinct current–voltage characteristics were indicated for adsorbed oxygen species at a sulfur vacancy. The electronic structures of defective MoS2 indicated the emergence of impurity states in the bandgap due to sulfur defects and oxygen adsorption. Electron transport calculations for the MoS2 surface with an extended defect in a device setting demonstrated that physisorption of BV enhances the output current, while facile chemisorption by O2 upon air-exposure causes degradation of electron transport.
Mitochondrial DNA under siege in avian phylogeography

Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) has been the workhorse of research in phylogeography for almost two decades. However, concerns with basing evolutionary interpretations on mtDNA results alone have been voiced since the inception of such studies. Recently, some authors have suggested that the potential problems with mtDNA are so great that inferences about population structure and species limits are unwarranted unless corroborated by other evidence, usually in the form of nuclear gene data. Here we review the relative merits of mitochondrial and nuclear phylogeographical studies, using birds as an exemplar class of organisms. A review of population demographic and genetic theory indicates that mitochondrial and nuclear phylogeographical results ought to concur for both geographically unstructured populations and for populations that have long histories of isolation. However, a relatively common occurrence will be shallow, but geographically structured mtDNA trees—without nuclear gene corroboration—for populations with relatively shorter periods of isolation. This is expected because of the longer coalescence times of nuclear genes (approximately four times that of mtDNA); such cases do not contradict the mtDNA inference of recent isolation and evolutionary divergence. Rather, the nuclear markers are more lagging indicators of changes in population structure. A review of the recent literature on birds reveals the existence of relatively few cases in which nuclear markers contradict mitochondrial markers in a fashion not consistent with coalescent theory. Preliminary information from nuclear genes suggests that mtDNA patterns will prove to be robust indicators of patterns of population history and species limits. At equilibrium, mitochondrial loci are generally a more sensitive indicator of population structure than are nuclear loci, and mitochondrial estimates of FST‐like statistics are generally expected to exceed nuclear ones. Hence, invoking behavioural or ecological explanations of such differences is not parsimonious. Nuclear genes will prove important for quantitative estimates of the depths of haplotype trees, rates of population growth and values of gene flow.
Hybrid AC/DC building microgrid for solar PV and battery storage integration

Dc power systems can integrate dc renewable generation, storage, and building electrical loads easier and more efficiently than conventional ac based systems. A key challenge for the successful market adoption of these systems is the integration with existing electrical loads and power grids in buildings. Hybrid ac/dc microgrids combine advantages of both ac and dc systems and may facilitate the integration process of dc power technologies into existing ac systems. In this work, the performance of a hybrid building microgrid coupling on-site PV generation with ac and dc loads of a residential building is investigated in simulation. An experimental dc network prototype, coupling PV electricity generation to LED lighting in a building, has been built and tested. Theoretical and experimental results are used for the design of a hybrid microgrid, planned to be implemented together with the PV system of a residential research building.
Transcriptional control mechanisms for the expression of type I collagen genes.

Fibrosis is a hallmark symptom in a number of human diseases, including scleroderma, lung fibrosis, liver cirrhosis, atherosclerosis, osteoarthritis, and keloids. The most prominent biochemical manifestation of fibrotic lesions is an abnormal accumulation of extracellular matrix components, including type I and III collagen in mesenchymal tissues. This abnormal accumulation often results in severe malfunction of the affected tissues. It is important to note that the formation of fibrous tissue can also be a normal physiological response as it occurs, for instance, in wound healing. This suggests that in fibrotic diseases regulation of this normal physiological process is altered. A study of the mechanisms regulating the normal response should help in understanding the abnormal control of this process.
Antiretroviral Concentrations in Small Hair Samples as a Feasible Marker of Adherence in Rural Kenya

Abstract:Antiretroviral hair levels objectively quantify drug exposure over time and predict virologic responses. We assessed the acceptability and feasibility of collecting small hair samples in a rural Kenyan cohort. Ninety-five percentage of participants (354/373) donated hair. Although median self-reported adherence was 100% (interquartile range, 96%–100%), a wide range of hair concentrations likely indicates overestimation of self-reported adherence and the advantages of a pharmacologic adherence measure. Higher nevirapine hair concentrations observed in women and older adults require further study to unravel behavioral versus pharmacokinetic contributors. In resource-limited settings, hair antiretroviral levels may serve as a low-cost quantitative biomarker of adherence.
Non linear dimensional reduction method based on supervised neighborhood graph

In this paper, we proposed a novel supervised method to construct ‘neighborhood graph’, which is often constructed in recent non-linear dimensional reduction techniques. The key ideas in our proposed method is introducing a new distance criterion based on weighted Euclidean distance between data points, which use class label information of data points. In order to evaluate, the proposed method was used as the primary stages of non-linear dimensional reduction techniques in LLE and Isomap. The proposed method was tested on four artificial data sets which are conventional in dimensional reduction research and the results were compared with the results of some unsupervised linear and non-linear dimensional techniques and some supervised linear dimensional reduction techniques. Although the tests are performed on artificial data sets in this paper, the proposed method could be applied to other problems such as face recognition and body pose for instance. Results of experiments illustrated that using the neighborhood graph obtained our proposed method improves the results of existing non-linear dimensional reduction techniques.