Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Activités antimicrobiennes et antioxydantes des extraits aqueux totaux des fruits de Dialium corbisieri et Dialium gossweilerii (Fabaceae- Caesalpinioideae), consommés par les bonobos, Bolobo, République Démocratique du Congo

L’ecologie alimentaire de certains animaux suggererait une possible utilisation de plantes a des fins therapeutiques. Les observations comportementales du bonobo (Pan paniscus) menees in situ, ont revele la similitude d’utilisation de ces plantes par les populations locales Teke de Bolobo en Republique Democratique du Congo. L’analyse phytochimique qualitative des extraits totaux aqueux des fruits de Dialium corbisieri Staner et Dialium gossweilerii Bak. a revele la presence d’alcaloides, d’anthocyanes, de flavonoides, de saponosides, des sucres reducteurs et de tanins catechiques. La meilleure activite antimicrobienne de disque de diffusion sur milieu Mueller-Hinton agar a ete observee avec les extraits de D. gossweilerii a la dose de 100 μg avec des diametres de zones d’inhibition pour Escherichia coli (11 mm), Klebsiella pneumoniae (10 mm), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (9 mm), Staphylococcus aureus (10 mm) et Candida albicans (10 mm) comparativement aux extraits de D. corbisieri qui n’ont presente aucun effet inhibiteur sur ces germes. Lesquels extraits ont releve aussi un fort potentiel antioxydant par le radical DPPH de l’ordre de 14,44 μg. ml -1 et plus faibles pour D. gossweilerii (CI >500 μg.ml -1 ). Certains fruits que consomment les bonobos contiendraient des principes actifs susceptibles d’occuper une place de choix dans la medecine moderne contre nombreuses pathologies. Mots cles : Panpaniscus, Dialium spp. ,a biologiques, zoopharmacognosie.
The Geochemical Distribution and Assessment of Heavy metals Pollutions in Soil Sediment of Chamchamal City-Sulaimanya Governorate / NortherEastern Iraq.

The current study aims at the geochemical distribution of heavy elements in soil sediments.It assesses environmental pollution using pollution index and potential health hazards in the city of Chamchamal northeastern Iraq. Twenty-one samples of soil sediments were collected in the area of residential, commercial and industrial areas in mid-July 2017. Heavy metals (As, Cu, Cr, Cd, Co, Fe, Mn, Mo, Ni, Pb, Zn) were analyzed using ICP-MS. The results showed that arsenic, chromium, cadmium, cobalt, manganese and nickel were the highest concentration in residential areas.While molybdenum and lead were higher in commercial areas, wheras copper, iron and zinc recorded the highest concentration in industrial areas. The results of pollution indicators (Igeo) showed that the arsenic was the (Moderately contaminated), The values of the (EF) index of the arsenic are (Significant enrichment), the cadmium and nickel were (moderate enrichment), and the values of Cdeg showed that some of samples are (Contamination Moderate) wheras the rest of the sites are considered (Contaminated) by heavy metals studied. The PRI values indicated that some models were of (Riskable) and others (Very High Risk). key words : chemchmal area, heavy metal, pollution , health risk
The food web of a severely contaminated site following reclamation with warm season grasses

We used the stable isotope 13C to distinguish between food web components that depended on warm season grasses with the C4 photosynthetic pathway and those that depended on plants with the C3 pathway. The study site was contaminated by heavy metals from a zinc smelter that operated near Palmerton, Pennsylvania, U.S.A. C3 plants only contributed 1.16% of aboveground primary productivity, whereas recently seeded (5–7 year old) warm season C4 grasses contributed the remaining 98.84%. Analyses of tissue samples revealed that the carbon content of invertebrates and vertebrates did not reflect the composition of the vegetation. Of 135 samples, 48 (36%) had greater than 75% of their carbon from C4‐derived sources, while 32 (24%) of the samples had less than 25%. However, carbon from C4 grasses passed through to higher trophic levels, as shown by the abundance of predators with a high proportion of C4‐derived carbon. We document three channels of carbon flux through the food web, one based on warm season grasses, now supporting a functioning ecosystem at all key trophic levels, one based on C3 plants, and a third based on detritus. Theoretical and empirical studies have shown that relative configurations of such channels are important to ecosystem stability. Our results suggest that functional groupings of plants based on photosynthetic pathway or other plant traits likely form the basis for food web compartments. By using diverse functional groups of plants for reclamation or restoration, practitioners may be able to aid the development of channels and thereby promote desired ecosystem states.
UJI AKTIVITAS SITOTOKSIK FRAKSI ETIL ASETAT HERBA KEMANGI (Ocimum basilicum L.) TERHADAP KULTUR SEL HELA

Cervical cancer is one of leading cause of cancer death in women in developing countries including Indonesia. Basil (Ocimum basillicum L.) is reported had cytotoxic effect and caused cell death via apoptosis cervical cancer (HeLa). The aims of the study was to identify the cytotoxic activity of ethyl acetate fraction of basil herb on HeLa cancer cells and the selectivity to Vero (normal) cells. The cytotoxic activity test of ethyl acetate fraction of basil herb and cisplatin was tested by MTT method. The principle of the MTT method is to measure the activity of mitochondrial dehydrogenase in living cells that have the ability to convert MTT into formazan. The cytotoxic test of the ethyl acetate fraction performed at concentration 500; 250; 125; 62.5; 31.25; 15,625; 7.81 μg/mL and cisplatin at concentrations 100; 50; 25; 12.5; 6.25; 3,125; 1.56 μg/mL. The results of this study showed that ethyl acetate fraction of basil herb in HeLa cell with IC50 value 169,9144 μg/mL and IC50 cisplatin was 16,954 μg/mL. The cisplatin cytotoxic effect is greater than the cytotoxic effect of ethyl acetate fraction of basil herb. The ethyl acetate fraction of basil herb doesn’t have cytotoxic effect on Vero cell with selectivity index value of 4,07814. The ethyl acetate fraction of basil herb showed kemopreventive agent potency. The group compounds who have activity cytotocix in ethyl acetate fraction are flavonoids, phenolic and steroid / triterpenoid. Keywords: cervical cancer, HeLa cell, basil (Ocimum Basillicum L), ethyl acetate fraction of basil herb, cytotoxic
Breeding for female fertility - current status and future possibilities in Norway

Fertility is of great importance in milk production system and might be measured in many different ways. Estimates for heritabilities of female fertility traits are low but the additive genetic variation are large. In Norway, evaluation of Norwegian Cattle (NRF) sires for daughter fertility has been done since 1974. This evaluation is based on non-return rate at 60 days of heifers in a sire model and the progeny group size is about 300. Data from 1978 available to genetic studies of fertility traits, and it is important estimate the genetic gain for fertility traits in NRF.
1 Genome Structure and Organization in Saccharomyces cerevisiae

I. INTRODUCTION A relatively simple picture is emerging of the structure of the yeast genome. With the important exception of mating-type interconversion, the genome seems to be quite stable: Other DNA rearrangements appear to be infrequent and of peripheral significance to the yeast life cycle. Genes are tightly packed, with little “spacer” DNA and strikingly few pseudogenes. There is no extensive clustering of functionally related or coordinately regulated genes. Genetic distance is largely proportional to physical distance, at least when averaged over tens or hundreds of kilobase pairs. Finally, the cis -acting sequences required for chromosome function—telomeres, centromeres, and replication origins—are only a few hundred base pairs long and function in almost any context. This overview has emerged after 15 years of recombinant DNA work on yeast. Recombinant DNA techniques have favored a divide and conquer approach to the yeast genome; hence, the present perspective may overemphasize the trees at the expense of the forest. Nevertheless, the view of the yeast chromosomes as a series of nearly independent functional units (like “beads on a string”) has been a productive working model. Several recent reviews have covered aspects of the structural and functional organization of the yeast genome. Two articles by Newlon (1988 Newlon (1989) provide particularly broad coverage. II. THE YEAST GENOME: VITAL STATISTICS The basic features of the yeast genome are summarized in Table 1. The best estimate of the genome size comes from physical mapping of the chromosomes with restriction endonucleases that cleave yeast DNA infrequently (Link and.
Nutrition quality of different tomato cultivars.

Ten cultivars (‛Viltis’, ‛Milžinai’, ‛Skariai’, ‛Laukiai’, ‛Vėža’, ‛Pažar’, ‛Vilina’, ‛Ruža’, ‛Ranij 310’, ‛Elbrus’) of edible tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) were investigated at the Lithuanian Institute of Horticulture in 2007–2008. The aim of this experiment was to evaluate and select tomato cultivars, which could be grown for raw material production and future breeding, taking into account their nutrition composition. The following fruit quality parameters were evaluated: the amount of lycopene, β-carotene, ascorbic acid, total sugar and nitrates in fresh tomato matter. The quality of tomato fruit at harvesting was evaluated at the Laboratory of Biochemistry and Technology of LIH applying chemical and physical methods of investigations. It was established that according to amount of lycopene and β-carotene in tomato cultivars ‛Ranij 310’ and ‛Elbrus’, they could be grown for raw material production. Tomato cultivar ‛Vilina’, as a source of ascorbic acid with low nitrate content and cultivar ‛Elbrus’ as a source of total sugar can be grown for raw material production and may be used in future breeding.
Aberrant crypt foci as microscopic precursors of colorectal cancer

Since the first detection of aberrant crypt foci (ACF) in carcinogen-treated mice, there have been numerous studies focusing on these microscopically visible lesions both in rodents and in humans. ACF have been generally accepted as precancerous lesions in regard to histopathological characteristics, biochemical and immunohistochemical alterations, and genetic and epigenetic alterations. ACF show variable histological features, ranging from hyperplasia to dysplasia. ACF in human colon are more frequently located in the distal parts than in the proximal parts, which is in accordance with those in colorectal cancer (CRC). The immunohistochemical expressions of carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), β-catenin, placental cadherin (P-cadherin),epithelial cadherin (E-cadherin), inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), cyclooxygenase (COX-2), and P16INK4a are found to be altered. Genetic mutations of K-ras, APC and p53, and the epigenetic alterations of CpG island methylation of ACF have also been demonstrated. Genomic instabilities due to the defect of mismatch repair (MMR) system are detectable in ACF Two hypotheses have been proposed.One is the "dysplasia ACF-adenoma-carcinoma sequence",the other is "heteroplastic ACF-adenoma-carcinoma sequence". The malignant potential of ACF, especially dyspiastic ACF, makes it necessary to reveal the nature of these lesions, and to prevent CRC from the earliest possible stage. The technique of magnifying chromoscope makes it possible to detect "in vivo' ACF, which is beneficial to colon cancer research, identifying high-risk populations for CRC,and developing preventive procedures.
Determination of Pinocembrin in Honey Using HPLC

SummaryHoney flavonoids were isolated by disposable C18 solid state extraction columns and determined by reversed phase HPLC. The main flavonoid in four samples of Swiss honeys (two of floral, and two of honeydew origin) was pinocembrin. Its concentration in honey varied between 2 and 3 ppm. The main flavonoid in two propolis samples of Swiss origin was pinocembrin and its average concentration was 10%.
SIGNIFICANCE OF PERSONNEL RECRUITMENT IN IMPLEMENTATION OF COMPUTER AIDED DESIGN CURRICULUM OF ARCHITECTURE SCHOOLS IN NIGERIA

The inclusion of relevant content in curricula of architecture schools is vital for the attainment of Computer Aided Design (CAD) proficiency by graduates. Implementing this content involves, among other variables, the availability of competent tutors. Consequently, this study sought to investigate the importance of personnel recruitment for inclusion of content vital to the implementation of CAD in the curriculum for architecture education. This was with a view to developing a framework for appropriate implementation of CAD curriculum. The study was focused on departments of architecture in universities in south-east Nigeria which have been accredited by the National Universities Commission. Survey research design was employed. Data were obtained from sources within the study area using questionnaire, personal interviews, physical observation/ enumeration and examination of institutional documents. A multi-stage stratified random sampling method was adopted. The first stage of stratification involved random sampling by balloting of the departments. The second stage involved obtaining respondents’ population from the number of staff and students of sample population. Chi Square analysis tool for nominal variables and Pearson’s product moment correlation test for interval variables were used for data analysis. With ρ<0.5, the study found significant correlation between the number of CAD literate academic staff and use of CAD in design studio/assignments; that increase in the overall number of teaching staff significantly affected total CAD credit units in the curriculum of the department. The implications of these findings were that for successful implementation leading to attainment of CAD proficiency to occur, CAD-literacy should be a factor in the recruitment of staff and that a policy of in-house training should be pursued.
Caractérisation de la sous-unité bêta du translocon chez la levure Schizosaccharomyces pombe

Protein secretion is an essential biological process. In eukaryotes, secreted proteins transit into the endoplasmic reticulum through the translocon pore. The core of the translocation channel is composed of three subunits called Sec61α, βand γin mammals, or Sec61p, Sbh1p and Sss1p in yeasts. While the role of the αand γsubunit is well understood, the function of the βsubunit remains ill-defined. Although numerous speciesspecific phenotypes have been reported for this protein, the striking sequence conservation among species argue in favour of a universal role. Recently, Feng et al. (2007) reported the surprising finding that the transmembrane domain (TMD) of Sbh1p was sufficient to complement different functions of the entire protein in Saccharomyces cerevisiae, suggesting an important role for this region. The aim of my project was to explore the biological function of the translocon βsubunit and its TMD in Schizosaccharomyces pombe. In this yeast, we found that the sbh1 gene is unessential for viability at 30C, but is required for growth at low temperature. Knockout of sbh1 results in sensitivity to cellwall stress and reduced protein secretion at 23C. Overexpression of Sbh1p also diminishes protein secretion and results in an elongated cell shape. These phenotypes contrast with those observed S. cerevisiae, as deletion of both Sec61βparalogs in this yeast results in heat sensitivity instead of cold sensitivity. Nevertheless, Sec61βhomologs from both S. pombe and S. cerevisiae complement the respective temperature sensitivity of either yeast. This functional complementation can also be accomplished by the human homolog of the translocon βsubunit, indicating that a fundamental function of Sec61βis conserved from yeast to human. Remarkably, the TMD of Sec61β homologs from S. pombe, S. cerevisiae and human are sufficient to complement the gene knockout in both fission and budding yeasts. Together, these observations indicate that the TMD of Sec61βexerts a cellular function that is conserved across species.
Immune response and efficacy of pigeon pox virus vaccine and fowl pox virus vaccine in chickens

The humoral immune response of chicken vaccinated with fowl and pigeon pox virus vaccines was determined with the protective potentiality of the two vaccines in field condition of Bangladesh. Different aged Fayoumi chicks were subjected for the study. To assess the relationship with better immune response among experimental groups, the average percentage of ``take reaction`` was examined and recorded to 97.77% in group A, 93.33% in group B and 100.0% in group C. The level of immune status induced by different vaccinated group was measured by passive hemaggluti? nation(PHA) microplate test method. The mean PHA titer levels after primary vaccination were 33.06±14.13 in group A, 32.0±14.81 in group B, and 33.0±13.66 in group C. Following booster vaccination, the mean PHA titer levels in prior of challenge were increased to 55.46±14.64 in groups A and C, and 46.93±16.52 in group B. The recorded PHA titer levels of each group at two weeks after challenge were significantly increased to 106.66±31.22, 93.86±33.04 and 110.93±29.29, respectively. The PHA titer levels after vaccination and challenge were significantly increased compared to pre? vaccination titer levels(P<0.01). Although the PHA titer levels among three groups administrated different vaccine combinations in prior of challenge were significantly varied(P<0.01), it was observed that all of the vaccinated chicks were highly protected against challenge infection.
Freshwater Fishes of North-Eastern Australia

Freshwater Fishes of North-Eastern Australia provides details of the ecology, systematics, biogeography and management of 79 species of native fish present in the region. It includes detailed information on their identification, evolutionary history, breeding biology, feeding ecology, movement patterns, macro-, meso- and micro-habitat use, water quality tolerances, conservation status and current threats, as well as environmental flow and management needs. Based on the results of extensive field surveys and a comprehensive review of existing literature, it is designed to assist environmental practitioners and managers to make informed decisions about future management strategies. It will also encourage a greater research effort into the region’s aquatic fauna by providing a comprehensive resource that enables other researchers to adopt a more quantitative and strategic framework for their research. Joint winner of the 2005 Whitley Medal.
Suppression of adenoviral-induced host immune response by TGFβ1 expression

Yi Lu, Ying Wang, Guimin Chang Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine 2 Department of Urology, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN _________________________________________________________________________________________________ *Correspondence: Yi Lu, Ph.D. Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Cancer Research Building, Room 218, 19 South Manassas Street, Memphis, TN 38163, USA; Telephone: (901) 448-5436; Fax: (901) 448-5496; e-mail: ylu@utmem.edu
Molecular evidence for natural hybridization between Sonneratia alba and S. griffithii

Interspecific hybridization has been frequently observed in the mangrove genus Sonneratia. However, no natural hybridization has been reported between Sonneratia alba and S. griffithii to date, despite their overlap- ping distribution in the coast of Andaman Sea. In this study, cysteine proteinase inhibitor gene (cpi) from the nuclear genome, and two intergenic spacers (trnL-trnF and trnV-trnM) from the chloroplast genome, were se- quenced to determine whether natural hybridization took place between the two species. Our results revealed two distinct types of cpi sequences from the putative hybrid matching those acquired from S. griffithii and S. alba, respectively. Sequencing of the chloroplast trnL-trnF and trnV-trnM regions showed that S. alba differed from S. griffithii by one nucleotide in each region, and the putative hybrid had the identical sequences with S. griffithii. Molecular data demonstrated clearly that there indeed existed natural hybridization between S. alba and S. grif- fithii, and that S. griffithii was the maternal parent in this hybridization event.
An RNA Mapping Strategy to Identify Ribozyme-Accessible Sites on the Catalytic Subunit of Mouse Telomerase

Telomerase reverse transcriptase (TERT) is an enzymatic ribonucleoprotein that prolongs the replicative life span of cells by maintaining protective structures at the ends of eukaryotic chromosomes. Telomerase activity is highly up-regulated in 85-90% of human cancers, and is predominately regulated by hTERT expression. In contrast, most normal somatic tissues in humans express low or undetectable levels of telomerase activity. This expression profile identifies TERT as a potential anticancer target. By using an RNA mapping strategy based on a trans-splicing ribozyme library, we identified the regions of mouse TERT (mTERT) RNA that were accessible to ribozymes. We found that particularly accessible sites were present downstream of the AUG start codon. This mTERTspecific ribozyme will be useful for validation of the RNA replacement as cancer gene therapy approach in mouse model with syngeneic tumors.
Maderas fósiles de Lauraceae de la Formación Ituzaingó (Plioceno - Pleistoceno), cuenca del río Paraná, Argentina

Fossil woods of Lauraceae from the Ituzaingo Formation (Pliocene - Pleistocene), Parana river basin, Argentina. Six fossil woods with Lauraceae affinity from the fluvial sediments of the Ituzaingo Formation were described. The specimens were found in Hernandarias and Curtiembre fossiliferous localities, in Entre Rios, Argentina. Combination of characters present in the specimens allowed us to distinguish the Lauraceae from other dicotyledonous families and to assign them to two different fossil species: Laurinoxylon artabeae (Brea) Duperon-Laudoueneix & Duperon 2005 and a new genus. The Vulnerability Index (V) and Mesomorphy Ratio (M) were calculated, and they indicated that the two species were adapted to wet environments. Comparison with the nearest living relatives suggests the existence of a flora linked to a watercourse, with riparian components.
Decolorization and total nitrogen removal from batik effluent using alginate immobilized freshwater microalgae Chlorella sp.

In this study, batik effluent treatment was carried using immobilised Chlorella sp. in batch culture mode. This two-part study firstly determined the most suitable immobilised carrier matrix for Chlorella sp. immobilization process. In this study, three immobilised carrier namely, starch, carboxylmethylcellulose and alginate were evaluated. Higher decolourization of batik effluent of 77.9% was obtained from the treatment using alginate as a immobilised matrix. Further optimization on the effect of pH, light intensity and microalgae bead concentration on decolourization and total nitrogen (TN) removal by alginate-immobilised Chlorella sp. were determined using Box-Behnken Design (BBD) approach. The highest decolourization of batik effluent of 80% was achieved when the treatment was perfomed using 150 microalgal bead concentration, at pH 12, and 1000 lux. Whereas, the maximum TN removal of 71% with uptake rates of 4.9 mgL-1d-1 was observed for the cultivation at pH 7 with 150 microalgae bead concentration, and 1000 lux. The increase of pH value and microalgal bead concentration had a strong effect on decolourization and TN removal of batik eflluent. These results demonstrate that the alginate immobilised Chlorella sp. has a great potential to be used as an alternative approach to treat batik effluent before discharge.