Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Mycofumigation for the Biological Control of Post- Harvest Diseases in Fruits and Vegetables: A Review

There are several causes of post-harvest losses in fruits and vegetables, and microbial infections are responsible for the greatest losses that occur during the transport, storage, and sale of these products. Chemical control is the most used method to control post-harvest diseases in fruits and vegetables by directly applying synthetic fungicides to the product to be consumed. However, the indiscriminate use of fungicides may be associated with serious toxicity problems in humans and environmental imbalance. Mycofumigation, which is the use of volatile antimicrobial organic compounds produced by fungi to inhibit microbial growth, has become a promising alternative for controlling phytopathogenic fungi associated with post-harvest diseases in fruits and vegetables. The technique has some advantages relative to traditional disease control methods, for example, it does not require direct contact between the antagonist and the plant product, the antimicrobial volatiles diffuse easily in closed environments, they do not leave residues on the plant product to be consumed, and most of the antimicrobial volatile mixtures exhibit bioactivity against a wide range of microorganisms, including many phytopathogens associated with post-harvest diseases. This review highlights mycofumigation as a method for controlling post-harvest diseases in fruits and vegetables, emphasizing the effects of volatile compounds on phytopathogenic fungi and their potential to be applied during the transport and storage of fresh fruits and vegetables.
Innovative Strategies for Tissue Engineering

Unmet need. It is beyond dispute that human population is ageing. For the first time in history, people age 65 and over will outnumber children under age 5. This trend is emerging around the globe, and will bring several challenges for health technologies. For instance, in a few decades, the loss of health and life worldwide will be greater from chronic diseases than from infectious diseases and accidents [4].
Comportamento das concentrações séricas e urinárias de creatinina e uréia ao longo de uma periodização desenvolvida em futebolistas profissionais: relações com a taxa de filtração glomerular

The creatinine and urea responses have been extensively used to evaluate the physical training impact. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to investigate the behavior of serum and urinary creatinine and urea concentrations during a soccer training program. Eighteen Brazilian soccer players were evaluated at the beginning (T1), in the middle (T2) and at the end (T3) of a soccer training program. The athletes had their anthropometric characteristics, aerobic capacity and alactic anaerobic metabolism efficiency assessed. Besides the measurement of serum and urinary creatinine and urea concentrations, the athletes had their creatinine clearance evaluated by three different methods. While the first method was independent from the urinary volume, the others were dependent. Anova one-way test followed by Newman-Keuls and Pearson product-moment coefficient were used to verify the responses and correlations of the data to the soccer training program. A significance level of 5% was chosen. The soccer training program led to an increase in aerobic (p < 0.01) and alactic anaerobic (p < 0.01) performances, however, the urinary volume diminished along the experiment (p < 0.05). The serum (p < 0.05) and urinary (p < 0.01) creatinine concentrations presented an opposite behavior during the soccer training program, in addition, there were not observed significant correlations between this parameters in any period of the study. The creatinine clearance assessed by the three different methods decreased in response to the training (p < 0.05). Significant correlations for all methods were observed only in T1. However, the urinary volume dependent methods were statistically correlated in T2 and T3. According to results, it can concluded that the serum and urinary creatinine concentrations were sensible to the training program developed, but presented opposite behaviour. This probably occurred due the limitations of the urinary method to assay creatinine and urea.
New rotation periods in the open cluster NGC 1039 (M 34), and a derivation of its gyrochronology age

Aims. Employing photometric rotation periods for solar-type stars in NGC 1039 [M 34], a young, nearby open cluster, we use its mass-dependent rotation period distribution to derive the cluster’s age in a distance independent way, i.e., the so-called gyrochronology method. Methods. We present an analysis of 55 new rotation periods, using light curves derived from differential photometry, for solar type stars in the open cluster NGC 1039 [M 34]. We also exploit the results of a recently-completed, standardized, homogeneous BVIc CCD survey of the cluster, performed by the Indiana Group of the WIYN open cluster survey, in order to establish photometric cluster membership and assign B − V colours to each photometric variable. We describe a methodology for establishing the gyrochronology age for an ensemble of solar-type stars. Empirical relations between rotation period, photometric colour and stellar age (gyrochronology) are used to determine the age of M 34. Based on its position in a colour-period diagram, each M 34 member is designated as being either a solid-body rotator (interface or I-star), a differentially rotating star (convective or C-star) or an object which is in some transitory state in between the two (gap or g-star). Fitting the period and photometric colour of each I-sequence star in the cluster, we derive the cluster’s mean gyrochronology age. Results. Of the photometric variable stars in the cluster field, for which we derive a period, 47 out of 55 of them lie along the loci of the cluster main sequence in V/B − V and V/V − I space. We are further able to confirm kinematic membership of the cluster for half of the periodic variables [21/55], employing results from an on-going radial velocity survey of the cluster. For each cluster member identified as an I-sequence object in the colour-period diagram, we derive its individual gyrochronology age, where the mean gyro age of M 34 is found to be 193 ± 9M yr. Conclusions. Using differential photometry, members of a young open cluster can be easily identified in a colour−magnitude diagram from their periodic photometric variability alone. Such periodicity can be used to establish a period-colour distribution for the cluster, which for M 34, we have used to derive its gyrochronology age of 193 ± 9 Myr. Formally, our gyro age of M 34 is consistent (within the errors) with that derived using several distance-dependent, photometric isochrone methods (250 ± 67 Myr).
Effects of Using Mnemonic Associations on Vocabulary Recall of Iranian EFL Learners over Time

Effects of using mnemonic associations on vocabulary recall of Iranian EFL learners were investigated in two separate experiments with adolescents and adults. In each experiment, the students were divided into two groups of experimental (mnemonic) and control (rote). Using a number of predesigned (the researcher-designed) associations as models, the students of the mnemonic groups were trained to generate mnemonic associations of their own for the new vocabulary words they had chosen to learn. Then, their use of the initial (previously student-designed) and the new self-designed associations was assessed by giving four recall tasks. The students of the rote groups, on the other hand, were instructed to learn the words through memorization and repetition. The data analyzed revealed that using mnemonic associations led to significantly better performance of the adult students when comparison was made with an external control group (rote group) and better performance of both adult and adolescent groups when comparison was made with an internal control group (when students used no association in mnemonic group). Furthermore, the higher performance of mnemonic groups who frequently reported using initial associations revealed that these had a significant role at vocabulary recall of students. Finally, mnemonic method significantly affected the vocabulary recall of adult students for both receptive and productive learning.
Holes in Hall Effect

Hall Effect can be used to determine the signs of current carriers in metals and semiconductors. It is well known that when electrons are current carriers, the Hall coefficient is negative, i.e. RH 0. However, puzzling arises regarding that in both scenarios; the essential moving particles are electrons. Therefore, there should not have any different effect in theory. We discuss the details about two situations and point out that both quantum and classical mechanics give same current direction under external electric field. However, under the influence of external magnetic field, because the mass of electrons is negative at valence band, electrons move to the opposite direction of its Lorentz force, which behave like a positive charge and give positive RH.
Inference-based LLC-side access pattern estimation for shared cache modeling on commercial processors

Cache contention modeling is necessary for good resource utilization on commercial multicore processors. Our goal is to build cache contention models that are sensitive to changes in, 1) the micro-architecture, 2) the co-runner set of each application, and, 3) the inputs to an application. There are two challenges in achieving this goal: 1) it is difficult to determine the LLC behavior for a given memory access pattern, and, 2) it is difficult to obtain the memory access pattern that reaches the LLC. We propose, 1) a methodology to generate the behavioral model of LLCs on protected-technology multicore processors, and, 2) an inferencebased approach to estimate the LLC-side memory access patterns. We build a cache contention model that uses the behavioral LLC models and the LLC-side memory access patterns. We evaluated the cache contention model on two commercial multicores with Sandy Bridge and Ivy Bridge micro-architectures respectively, using more than a thousand combinations of nine SPEC CPU2006 benchmarks. The average prediction error was 5.74% and 7.27% respectively.
Modelica stage separation dynamics modeling for End-to-End launch vehicle trajectory simulations

Stage separation dynamics modeling is a critical capability of future launchers preparatory studies. The development of stage separation frameworks integrable in end-to-end launch vehicle trajectory simulations have been presented in the relevant literature but none profiting from the object-oriented and equation-based acausal modeling properties of MODELICA. The objective of this paper is therefore to present such an approach to this problematic. Based on the Constraint Force Equation (CFE) methodology, two case studies to evaluate the proposed approach are considered. Results demonstrate that the approach corresponds very well with the physics behind separation. In addition, we found easiness of implementation of the method within a single environment such as DYMOLA, demonstrating the benefits of an integrated approach.
WDM TRANSMISSION IN L-BAND OVER CONVENTIONAL SINGLE MODE FIBER WITH 27.2-dB SPAN LOSS CONSIDERING NON- LINEARITIES AND ASE NOISE

We have report the transmission of twenty 10-Gb/s channels and twenty 20-Gb/s with 100GHz spacing over 80 km spans of Conventional single mode fiber in the lower wavelength region of L-band. Low error rates are achieved with 2.5 dBm input power per channel and a span loss of 27.2 dB. For large transmission distances it covers 320 km for 400-Gb/s and 720 km for 200-Gb/s with acceptable bit error rate using pre and post-dispersion compensation technique. It was also observed that post compensation provides better performance compare to pre-compensation method.
EFFECT ON IMMUNE RESPONSE AND VIRUS SHEDDING IN THE CHICKEN VACCINATED AGAINST INACTIVATED LOCAL STRAIN OF NEWCASTLE DISEASE VIRUS GENOTYPE VII

The effectiveness of the new inactivated vaccine develop from local velogenic strain of Newcastle disease virus (NDV) Genotype VII and commercial vaccines LaSota were compared by determining the immune response and virus shedding of vaccinated chickens. Ten different groups of chicken consists of ten each, were vaccinated with and without adjuvant of the inactivated vaccine via intramuscular and subcutaneous, respectively. Three different adjuvants were used which include Oil-emulsion Complete Freund’s, Oil-emulsion Squalene-based, and aluminium hydroxide gel (Alum). As a comparison, a group of chicken was vaccinated with commercial vaccine and control group was not vaccinated. With 100% survival rate and highest mean haemaglutination-inhibition (HI) titre of log2 6, the inactivated vaccine with adjuvant Alum and Oil-emulsion Complete Freund’s surpassed the LaSota. In addition, the virus shedding was significantly reduced and comparable to LaSota vaccinated chicken. Whereas, without adjuvant, the chicken HI antibody titre is below log2 4 after vaccination and only 20-30% were survived. Based on the post-mortem findings on the survived chicken from each vaccinated group, their internal organs appeared normal and no sign of haemorrhage or pathognomonic signs of Newcastle disease (ND). Conclusively, vaccinated chicken are effectively protected from morbidity and mortality against virulent genotype VII challenge with the addition of adjuvant into inactivated local strain of NDV genotype VII vaccine. Thus, the development of inactivated local NDV genotype VII vaccine is a promising candidate to control the current ND endemic in Malaysia.
CHARACTERISATION AND MONITORING OF TI6AL4V (ELI) POWDER USED IN DIFFERENT SELECTIVE LASER MELTING SYSTEMS

The characterisation and monitoring of Ti6Al4V (ELI) feedstock powder is an essential requirement for the full qualification of medical implants and aerospace components produced in selective laser melting systems. Virgin and reused samples of this powder were characterised by determining their physical and chemical properties through techniques complying with international standards. This paper presents the results obtained for Ti6Al4V (ELI) powder of two different particle size distributions received from the same supplier. The characteristics of these powders after several reuse cycles in two different selective laser melting systems are also presented and discussed.
Self-Assembly of Poly(diethylhexyloxy-p-phenylenevinylene)-b- poly(4-vinylpyridine) Rod−Coil Block Copolymer Systems

We describe the synthesis, the morphology, and self-assembly behavior of semiconducting poly(4-vinylpyridine-b-diethylhexyloxy-p-phenylenevinylene) (P4VP-b-PPV) rod−coil block copolymer systems. Three different block copolymers with 55%, 80%, and 88% coil volume fraction were synthesized by convergent anionic polymerization in THF using lithium α-methylstyrene as initiator. The morphology of the block copolymers was studied by transmission electron microscopy, small-angle X-ray scattering, and small-angle neutron scattering as a function of the volume fraction of the rod block as well as different annealing conditions. The microphase-separated morphologies in these block copolymers vary from lamellar, to hexagonal, and spherical, when the volume fraction of the rod is progressively reduced. By combining the lattice parameter measured by scattering techniques with the volume fraction of rod domains obtained by nuclear magnetic resonance, it was shown that the block copolymers in the lamellar structure are .
Analysis of AE characteristics of tool wear in drilling CFRP/Ti stacked material

Based on the signal data acquired in drilling process of carbon fiber reinforced polymer/titanium alloy (CFRP/Ti) stacked materials, the acoustic emission (AE) characteristic values were carefully studied, by using the method of statistical analysis, spectrum analysis and wavelet packet. The results show that the root mean square(RMS) value of the AE signals and the energy of the wavelet packet are closely related to the tool wear. Meanwhile, experiments indicate that different materials, chips and tool tipping will cause instantaneous signal mutation, which has different forms in time domain and in time-frequency domain. These mutations may increase the difficulty of identifying the tool wear. Fortunately, with repeated experiments and comparison, some identifiable mutations were recognized. When a tool is processed from CFRP to Ti, the signal intensity decreases generally, the high-frequency component of signal increases gradually, and the signal has a tendency to show in high frequencies.
Labor Supply, School Attendance, and Remittances from International Migration: The Case of El Salvador

The objective of this paper is to present microeconomic evidence on the economic effects of international remittances on households' spending decisions. Remittances can increase the household budget and reduce liquidity constraint problems, allowing more consumption and investment. In particular, remittances can afford investing in children's human capital, a key outcome for the discussion of the perspective of growth in a high recipient developing country. Robust estimates that take into account both selection and endogeneity problems in estimating an average impact of remittances are substantially different from least squares (OLS) estimates presented in previous studies, indicating the importance of dealing with these methodological concerns. After controlling for household wealth and using selection correction techniques such as propensity score matching as well as village and household networks as instruments for remittances receipts, average estimates suggest that girls and young boys (less than 14 years old) from recipient households seem to be more likely to be enrolled at school than those from nonrecipient households. Remittances are also negatively related to child labor and adult female labor supply, while adult male labor force participation remains unaffected on average. The results signaling that the additional income derived from migration increases girls' education and reduces women's labor supply, with no major impact on activity choice for males 14 years or older, suggest the presence of gender differences in the use of remittances across (and possibly, within) households.
Effects of ectomycorrhizal inoculation and the type of substrate on mycorrhization, growth and nutrition of containerised Pinus pinea L. seedlings produced in a commercial nursery

Spore inocula of Melanogaster ambiguus (Vittad.) Tul. & C. Tul. , Pisolithus tinctorius (Pers.) Coker & Couch, Rhizopogon luteolus Fr. , Rhizopogon roseolus (Corda) Th. M. Fr. and Scleroderma verrucosum (Bull.) Pers. , and two substrates (a mixture of peat-vermiculite and a mixture of peat-composted pine bark) were evaluated for producing mycorrhizal Pinus pinea L. seedlings in a commercial nursery in NE Spain. Inocula of all fungi were effective to obtain containerised mycorrhizal P. pinea seedlings although seedling mycorrhization rates were reduced in the peat/pine-bark mixture. Neither inoculation nor the type of substrate modified the first-year growth of seedlings. Rhizopogon spp. increased the levels of N and P and, in general inoculation reduced the concentration of Mn in needles. Symptoms of chlorosis were detected in all seedlings growing in the peat/pine-bark mixture, probably due to nutritional deficiencies caused by the substrate high pH. Among the fungi tested, R. roseolus is proposed as the best candidate for its application in nursery inoculation programmes destined to produced containerised mycorrhizal P. pinea. Pinus pinea / substrate / mycorrhization / ectomycorrhizal fungi / seedling nursery production Resume - Effets d'une inoculation ectomycorhizienne et du type de substrat sur la mycorhization, la croissance et la nutrition de semis de Pinus pinea L. en containers produits en pepiniere commerciale. Des inoculums sporaux de Melanogaster ambiguus (Vittad.) Tul. & C. Tul. , Pisolithus tinctorius (Pers.) Coker & Couch, Rhizopogon luteolus Fr. , Rhizopogon roseolus (Corda) Th. M. Fr. et Scleroderma verrucosum (Bull.) Pers. , et deux substrats (un melange de tourbe-vermiculite et un melange de tourbe-ecorce compostee de pin) ont ete evalues pour produire des jeunes plants mycorhizes de Pinus pinea L. dans une pepiniere commerciale au Nord-Est de l'Espagne. Les inoculums de tous les champignons ont ete efficaces pour obtenir des semis mycorhizes de pin pignon en conteneur, bien que les taux de mycorhization ont diminue dans le substrat vermiculite-ecorce de pin. Ni l'inoculation ni le type de substrat n'ont modifie la croissance en premiere annee des jeunes plants. Les especes de Rhizopogon ont augmente les niveaux d'azote et de phosphore dans les aiguilles des plants et, en general, l'inoculation a reduit la teneur en manganese de ces feuilles. Des symptomes de chlorose ont ete detectes dans tous les plants croissant dans le substrat vermiculite- ecorce de pin, probablement en raison des carences nutritionnelles provoquees par le pH eleve du substrat. Parmi les champignons etudies, on propose R. roseolus comme le meilleur candidat pour son application dans des programmes d'inoculation en pepiniere destines a produire des plants de pin pignon mycorhizes en conteneur. Pinus pinea / substrat / mycorhization / champignons ectomycorhiziens / production des semis en pepiniere
DIFFERENCES IN PERCEPTIONS OF WEB SITE CHARACTERISTICS BY IT EXPERTS AND NON-EXPERTS

An important aspect of web site design involves anticipating and understanding consumer reactions to various web site attributes and using this information to make web sites more useful and satisfying for them. Unfortunately, IT professionals may not be well suited for this task. Through their training and employment experiences, IT professionals are likely to adopt perspectives and evaluation standards different from those used by consumers. As a result, they may lose touch with consumer wants and needs concerning web site design and content. This working paper examines differences in these two groups' perceptions of design features, website content, and convenience, and examines how their perceptions affect overall evaluations and satisfaction with web sites.
Investigation of Quasi-Optical Bessel-Gauss Resonator at MM- and Submm-Wavelengths

A research of a quasi-optical Bessel-Gauss resonator (QOBGR) at millimeter (MM) and submillimeter (SubMM) wave- bands is presented in this paper. The design is based on the quasi- optical theory and technique. The iterative Stratton-Chu formula (ISCF) algorithm is employed to analyze the output characteristics of the cavity, including the resonant modes, phases, power losses and phase shifts. Analysis of the results demonstrates that the present de- sign of the QOBGR can support zero order or any high order mode of the pseudo Bessel-Gauss beam. At the output plane the intensity distributions of these modes are modulated by a Gauss-shaped enve- lope, and their phase patterns have an approximate block-like proflle. Tolerance analysis for the designed QOBGR is also done. Lastly, a comparison of resonating modes is made between QOBR (quasi-optical Bessel resonator) and QOBGR when both are conflgured with the same geometric parameters.