Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Prognostic importance of c-erbB-2 expression in breast cancer. International (Ludwig) Breast Cancer Study Group.

PURPOSE To evaluate the prognostic importance of immunocytochemically determined c-erbB-2 overexpression in the primary tumors of patients with breast cancer. PATIENTS AND METHODS Primary tumors from 1,506 breast cancer patients (760 node-negative and 746 node-positive) who were treated in the International (Ludwig) Breast Cancer Study Group Trial V were studied. Node-negative patients were allocated randomly to either a single cycle of perioperative chemotherapy (PeCT) or no adjuvant treatment, and node-positive patients received either a prolonged chemotherapy (with tamoxifen for postmenopausal patients) or a single perioperative cycle. RESULTS Tumors from 16% of the node-negative patients and 19% of the node-positive patients were found to be c-erbB-2-positive. In both groups c-erbB-2 positivity correlated with negative progesterone receptors (PR), negative estrogen receptors (ER), and high tumor grade. Lobular carcinomas were all negative, and, thus support the view that such tumors represent a defined subtype of breast carcinoma. The expression of c-erbB-2 was prognostically significant for node-positive but not for node-negative patients. However, in both subgroups, the prognostic significance was greater for patients who had received more adjuvant therapy. For node-positive patients, the effect of prolonged-duration therapy on disease-free survival (DFS) was greater for patients without c-erbB-2 overexpression (hazards ratio [HR], = 0.57; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.46 to 0.72) than for those with c-erbB-2 overexpression (HR, 0.77; 95% CI, 0.51 to 1.16). Similarly, for node-negative patients, the effect of PeCT on DFS was greater for those without c-erbB-2 overexpression (HR, 0.82; 95% CI, 0.61 to 1.09) than for those with c-erbB-2 overexpression (HR, 1.22; 95% CI, 0.66 to 2.25). CONCLUSION We conclude that tumors with overexpression of the c-erbB-2 oncogene are less responsive to cyclophosphamide, methotrexate, and fluorouracil (CMF)-containing adjuvant therapy regimens than those with a normal amount of gene product.
Smoking, alcohol drinking and cancer risk for various sites of the larynx and hypopharynx. A case–control study in France

The aim of this work was to study the effects of alcohol and tobacco consumption on laryngeal and hypopharyngeal cancer and to compare these across subsites (glottis, supraglottis, epilarynx, hypopharynx). Data from a hospital-based case–control study including 504 male cases (105 glottic cancers, 80 supraglottic cancers, 97 epilaryngeal cancers and 201 hypopharyngeal cancers) and 242 male controls with non-respiratory cancers were used for this analysis. Information about sociodemographic characteristics, detailed alcohol and tobacco consumption was collected through face-to-face interviews. Statistical analysis used logistic regression, and subsites were compared with polytomous logistic regressions. The risk of laryngeal and hypopharyngeal cancer increased with tobacco (duration and amount) and alcohol consumption; the effect of both agents was multiplicative. From the lowest to the highest consumption level, odds ratios ranged from 1.4 to 5.9 among regular drinkers and from 3 to 44 among current smokers. Risks among ex-smokers were approximately one-third of those for current smokers. Slightly elevated odds ratios were associated with consumption of black tobacco (OR=1.2) and hand-rolled cigarettes (OR=1.2). The risk of cancer was not clearly associated with the type of alcoholic beverage. Subsites did not differ significantly according to tobacco smoking, but differed according to alcohol consumption, with a significantly higher increased risk for hypopharyngeal than for glottic and supraglottic cancers.
The Nucleosome Binding Protein HMGN1 Interacts with PCNA and Facilitates Its Binding to Chromatin

ABSTRACT Proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) is a ubiquitous protein that interacts with multiple partners and regulates nuclear activities, including chromatin assembly, histone modifications, replication, and DNA damage repair. The role of specific partners in regulating PCNA activities is not fully understood. Here we identify the nucleosome binding protein HMGN1 as a new PCNA-interacting protein that enhances the binding of PCNA to chromatin but not to purified DNA. Two tetrapeptides in the conservative domain of HMGN1 contain amino acids necessary for the binding of HMGN1 to PCNA. Deletion of both tetrapeptides abolishes the HMGN1-PCNA interaction. PCNA preferentially binds to the linker DNA adjacent to an HMGN-containing nucleosome. In living cells, loss of HMGN1 decreases the rate of PCNA recruitment to damaged DNA sites. Our study identifies a new factor that facilitates the interaction of PCNA with chromatin and provides insights into mechanisms whereby nucleosome binding architectural proteins affect the cellular phenotype.
Endogenously Subsisting Return Structures, Fund Alphas, and Ability of Funds Managers

Suppose funds managers are di¤erentiated by intrinsic or innate ability at some origin point in time. Using formal theoretical propositions, and with risk continuously increasing, the continuum of assets available to funds managers is endogenously segmented into continuums of safe, and innovativeassets. This endogenous rigid segmentation is formally shown to induce a U shaped return generator (topology), equivalently a U shaped return generating function for either of native or expected returns, with outcome the universe of fund returns is characterized by a U shaped return distribution. A game theoretic model validates the U shaped return distribution to be outcome of a Pareto optimal Pure Strategy Nash Equilibrium. Totality of the theoretical evidence, supporting distributional evidence from historical stock returns, and evidence from prior literature, such as comparisons of returns to either of index or actively traded funds, or studies of microstructure of stock returns validate presence of U shaped return distributions within stock markets. Formal theoretical predictions provide evidence that a This paper is a condensed and retitled version of a now defunct paper titled, Funds ManagersRisk Tolerance vis-a-vis Ability: Market Structure Implications. Member, PhD Class of 2005, RH Smith School of Business, University of Maryland, College Park USA. E-mail: oobrimah@gmail.com. Tel: +1 (404) 940-4990. Electronic copy available at: https://ssrn.com/abstract=3018617 negatively skewed U shaped return distribution, which is evidence for superior performance of safe stocks in relation to innovative stocks, is outcome of deviations from equilibrium, is outcome of risk premiums within stock markets that are determined by demand, as opposed to inherent riskiness of assets. This prediction indicates that under certain conditions stock markets can be prone to manipulation of stock prices. Positively skewed U shaped return distributions are shown to be evidence for stock markets that are well behaved. JEL Classi cation: G11, G24
The novel sarcomeric protein telethonin exhibits developmental and functional regulation.

We have isolated a cDNA clone from a mouse skeletal muscle library which is preferentially expressed in striated muscle and exhibits a high homology to human telethonin, a sarcomeric protein. The mouse telethonin transcript is developmentally regulated in both cardiac and skeletal muscle in vivo and is down-regulated in response to denervation. In the C2C12 muscle cell-line the mouse telethonin transcript exhibited a pattern of accumulation similar to that observed for a contractile protein and suggests a role in myofibrillar assembly.
Learning to solve complex problems through between‐group collaboration in project‐based online courses

Online courses have been criticized for their focus on knowledge acquisition rather than on how to solve authentic complex problems, a skill that is increasingly being recognized as critical to meeting the challenges in the real world. The purpose of this study was to explore whether between‐group collaboration in project‐based online courses can promote student learning of complex problem solving. Eleven graduate students in an educational technology class participated in this study. Each group of three to four members designed and developed a 2‐week online mini‐course that was later implemented with classmates across groups. During the semester, students were encouraged to visit other group areas, discuss challenges, and share strategies in the online course environment. The results indicate that between‐group collaboration was effective in improving group processes, group project performance, individual student achievement, and confidence in complex problem solving in designing online courses.
Sexuality and the Internet: Surfing into the New Millennium

This paper highlights a few of the ways that the Internet is having a profound effect on sexuality. For the sake of simplicity, and to better elucidate the points, the Internet's effect on sexuality is divided into the three broad categories: negative patterns, positive connections, and commercial aspects. In addition, three of the key factors that combine to give the Internet its power are delineated. They include Access, Affordability, and Anonymity or as they are called here the "Triple A". Finally, suggestions for how the field should deal with this phenomena are offered.
Acinetobacter Infections and Treatment

Ozet Acinetobacter baumannii suslari ile olusan hastane enfeksiyonlari son yillarda morbidite ve mortalitenin onemli bir sebebi haline gelmistir. Klinik orneklerden en sik olarak izole edilen Acinetobacter turu olan A. baumannii virulansi dusuk bir bakteridir ve genellikle hastane kaynakli firsatci enfeksiyonlara neden olmaktadir. A. baumannii’nin hastane ortamlarinda uzun sure canliligini surdurebilmesi ve artan antibiyotik direnci en onemli ozellikleridir ve bu durum tedavide gucluge neden olmaktadir. Son yillarda coklu antibiyotik direnci olan A. baumannii salginlari bildirilmektedir. (J Pediatr Inf 2013; 7: 000-000) Anahtar kelimeler: Acinetobacter baumannii, nozokomiyal enfeksiyonlar, antibiyotik direnci, tedavi Abstract Acinetobacter baumannii have been a leading cause of nosocomial infections, causing significant morbidity and mortality. It is the most commonly isolated microorganism from clinical specimens. A. baumannii has low virulance and causes opportunistic nosocomial infections. The most important features of A. baumannii are the ability to persist in the hospital environment and the increased multidrug antibiotic resistance it may present, which compromises the treatment of infections caused by this microorganism. In recent years, there have been reports of multidrug resistant A. baumannii outbreaks. (J Pediatr Inf 2013; 7: 000-000)
How reliable are enteric‐coated aspirin preparations?

Uncoated aspirin and two brands of enteric‐coated aspirin were given to eight patients and two healthy volunteers in multiple‐dose experiments designed ,to achieve relatively “steady‐state” conditions with regard to the various preparations. Satisfactory and reasonably consistent blood concentrations of salicylate were obtained with ordinary aspirin and one enteric‐coated brand. Results with the second enteric‐coated brand indicated capricious and generally poor absorption. The findings are discussed in terms of the problem of devising satisfactory enteric‐coating and of reliance on in vitro studies for predicting biologic activity.
Computational Intelligence in Urban Traffic Signal Control: A Survey

Urban transportation system is a large complex nonlinear system. It consists of surface-way networks, freeway networks, and ramps with a mixed traffic flow of vehicles, bicycles, and pedestrians. Traffic congestions occur frequently, which affect daily life and pose all kinds of problems and challenges. Alleviation of traffic congestions not only improves travel safety and efficiencies but also reduces environmental pollution. Among all the solutions, traffic signal control (TSC) is commonly thought as the most important and effective method. TSC algorithms have evolved quickly, especially over the past several decades. As a result, several TSC systems have been widely implemented in the world, making TSC a major component of intelligent transportation system (ITS). In TSC and ITS, many new technologies can be adopted. Computational intelligence (CI), which mainly includes artificial neural networks, fuzzy systems, and evolutionary computation algorithms, brings flexibility, autonomy, and robustness to overcome nonlinearity and randomness of traffic systems. This paper surveys some commonly used CI paradigms, analyzes their applications in TSC systems for urban surface-way and freeway networks, and introduces current and potential issues of control and management of recurrent and nonrecurrent congestions in traffic networks, in order to provide valuable references for further research and development.
Financial distress of U.S. Banking industry viewed through web data

Building on previous studies on inlink and co-link research on commercial websites, the current study attempted to apply and combine both methods to investigate the recent financial crisis in the U.S. banking industry. The methods combine Web content mining and Web structure mining. Two sets of inlink and co-link data were collected, one with the keywords “crisis”, “bailout” and “subprime” and one without any keyword. The one with the keywords was meant to include only inlink webpages that are likely to be about the financial crisis. The number of inlink pages that contained the keywords correlates significantly with the degree of a bank’s crisis measured by the amount of government bailout money. Both sets of co-link data were analysed using multidimensional scaling to generate maps of business competition. The comparison between the maps with and without keywords shows that the map generated from the co-link data with keywords depicts a more accurate image of the industry by clustering banks with more financial problems together.
International competition with non-linear pricing

This paper models international competition between two upstream firms, one domestic and one foreign, which both serve a domestic downstream firm. The productivity of their inputs in downstream production is private information of the downstream firm. We scrutinize the optimal non-linear pricing schemes and compare them to linear pricing. In particular, we show that a reduction in trade costs does not reduce domestic input demand if upstream firms compete with non-linear pricing schemes, contrary to the effects of trade liberalization when pricing has to be linear. JEL-Classification: F12, D43
AUDITOR SWITCHING’S FACTORS: THE ANALYSIS ON AUDIT DELAY, CLIENT SIZE, AND AUDIT COMMITTEE CHANGES

Auditor switching is an event of changing public accounting firm. The purpose of this research is to analyze the effect of independent variables which are audit delay, client size, and audit committee changes toward the dependent variable which is auditor switching in all companies listed on Indonesia Stock Exchange from year 2012-2015. This research uses logistic regression technique and using all companies listed on Indonesia Stock Exchange as the population. For the sample, it is chosen with using purposive sampling. The sample chosen is 156 companies listed on Indonesia Stock Exchange with 4 years of time period from 2012-2015 with total observation 624 data. The result from the hypothesis testing showed that all the independent variables are simultaneously give significant effect the dependent variable. It was also found that client size partially has negative significant effect toward auditor switching, meanwhile audit delay and audit committee changes partially has positive but not significant effect the auditor switching. Keywords: Audit Committee Changes, Audit Delay, Auditor Switching, Client Size
Characteristics of Sexual Behavior in Spanish Adolescents

The aim of this study is to describe some characteristics of the sexual behavior of adolescents in Spain and to compare these characteristics according to gender, using a cross-sectional survey. Participants were 1.279 male and female adolescents who reported having had sexual intercourse. A questionnaire about sexual behavior was applied at their high schools and during school hours. Data were collected between 2006 and 2007. Mean age at the onset of sexual intercourse was 14.8 years in males and 15.0 years in females. Males and females were different according to the type of partner at the last sexual intercourse: 63.0% of males had a steady partner compared to 90.5% of females (p<0.01). The mean number of sexual partners during the last 12 months was higher in males than in females (M = 2.1 and M = 1.5 partners, for males and females, respectively, p<0.01). 50.0% of males had sexual intercourse under the effects of drugs versus 39.3% of females (p<0.01). STD and HIV prevention programs should be designed considering the differences according to adolescents’ sex. El objetivo de este estudio es describir algunas características de la conducta sexual de los adolescentes en España y comparar dichas características en función del sexo. Se trata de un estudio transversal descriptivo de poblaciones mediante encuestas con muestras probabilísticas. Participaron 1.279 adolescentes de ambos sexos que informaron haber mantenido contactos sexuales coitales. Se les aplicó un cuestionario sobre conducta sexual en sus centros de enseñanza. La recogida de datos tuvo lugar entre los años 2006 y 2007. La media de edad de inicio de las relaciones sexuales coitales era de 14.8 años en mujeres y de 15.0 años en varones. Los varones y las mujeres diferían en cuanto al tipo de pareja con la que mantuvieron la última relación sexual completa: el 63.0% de los varones tuvo una pareja fija comparado con el 90.5% de las chicas (p< 0.01). La media de parejas sexuales durante el último año era superior en los varones (M= 2.1 parejas) que en las mujeres (M= 1.5 parejas) (p<0.01). El 50.0% de los varones mantuvo relaciones sexuales bajo el efecto de drogas frente al 39.3% de las mujeres (p< 0.01). Los programas de prevención de las ETS y el VIH deben diseñarse considerando las diferencias existentes en función del sexo de los adolescentes.
Trusted Third Party Auditing to Improve the Cloud Storage Security

Introduction of cloud storage service has made the users to access their data anywhere anytime without any trouble. Available systems that provide support for the remote data integrity are useful for quality of service testing but do not deal with server failure or handling misbehaving servers. The security issues that prevail in the data storage at cloud cause lot of threats to the users and cloud service providers. Available systems that provide support for the remote data integrity are useful for quality of service testing but do not deal with server failures or handling misbehaving servers. The proposed system ensures storage integrity and achieves strong cloud storage security with fast data error localization through the results provided by the auditing mechanism that is carried out by the third party auditor. Third party auditor carries out the public auditing in-order to maintain the integrity for the outsourced data that is present in cloud storage. Data integrity in ensured with the help of verification key along with erasure coded data, it also allows in handling the storage correctness and identification of misbehaving cloud server. The Audit Protocol Blocker is introduced in order to monitor the correctness of the Third Party Auditor by preventing the TPA from misusing the privileges that are provided to them by the cloud server.
Adoption of robots and service automation by tourism and hospitality companies

This paper explores the current state and the potential adoption of service automation and robots by tourist, travel and hospitality companies. Despite the huge advancements in social robotics, the research on robots in tourism has been extremely limited – a gap that is partially filled by this paper. Specifically the paper looks at service automation in hotels, restaurants, events, theme and amusement parks, airports, car rental companies, travel agencies and tourist information centres, museums and art galleries. The paper elaborates on the challenges that companies will face when adopting service automation and robots to serve tourists.
Arabidopsis leucine-rich repeat receptor–like kinase NILR1 is required for induction of innate immunity to parasitic nematodes

Plant-parasitic nematodes are destructive pests causing losses of billions of dollars annually. An effective plant defence against pathogens relies on the recognition of pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) by surface-localised receptors leading to the activation of PAMP-triggered immunity (PTI). Extensive studies have been conducted to characterise the role of PTI in various models of plant-pathogen interactions. However, far less is known about the role of PTI in roots in general and in plant-nematode interactions in particular. Here we show that nematode-derived proteinaceous elicitor/s is/are capable of inducing PTI in Arabidopsis in a manner dependent on the common immune co-receptor BAK1. Consistent with the role played by BAK1, we identified a leucine-rich repeat receptor-like kinase, termed NILR1 that is specifically regulated upon infection by nematodes. We show that NILR1 is essential for PTI responses initiated by nematodes and nilr1 loss-of-function mutants are hypersusceptible to a broad category of nematodes. To our knowledge, NILR1 is the first example of an immune receptor that is involved in induction of basal immunity (PTI) in plants or in animals in response to nematodes. Manipulation of NILR1 will provide new options for nematode control in crop plants in future.
Value creation in e-business as a driver of financial performance: investigating business models of Polish internet companies

The article presents the findings of a survey of managers of Polish internet companies investigating links between e-business value creation and financial performance. The theoretical framework was developed by Amit and Zott that conceptualized the main sources of value in internet-enabled companies. The study included 150 businesses with the largest representation of internet retailers and service providers. The major outcome of the study was developing logistic regression model that allowed to establish which variables were statistically significant predictors of the operational return on sales ratio. It implied that out of the four elements comprising Amit and Zott’s framework only Complementarities were closely linked with improved financial performance. The other two elements – Lock-in and Novelty – were not viable predictors, while the forth component – Efficiency – was negatively related to the performance metric.