Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
HIGH-SPEED QUECHING OF HIGH CARBONSTEEL

Medium and high carbon steels are usually quenched in polymer and oil in order to avoid cracking and distortion; however, recent studies have proved that it is possible to minimize cracking using water as a coolant of these steels by promoting extremely high cooling rates. By great agitation and velocity of quench ant, the vapour blanket is reduced or prevented during water quench, allowing uniform hardening of the surface. In this study, the cooling severity of a spray quenching system and a high-speed quenching chamber are studied. Cylindrical samples of AISI 304 stainless steel (20mm in diameter and 100mm length) were employed to characterize the cooling severity. Thermal data was acquired through K-type thermocouples placed in the sample at three positions, 1mm below surface, mid-radius and at centre of the specimen, connected to a data acquisition system. High thermal gradients were observed in both systems, being the high-speed chamber the severest cooling. The maximum cooling rate obtained at the surface was 470 and 300C/s for the high-speed chamber and the spray system, respectively. In addition, 5160 spring steel samples were quenched for short times in both systems; the cooling was interrupted to avoid through transformation and to produce a case-core type microstructure. Different cooling times were used for the interrupted quenching to modify the marten site case thickness. No cracks.
Market Volatility Puzzle with Regard to the Systematic Risk of Bubble in the Securities Market of Iran

CCAPM زیدنس فرص زشر ناسون قیرط زا ، اوش ه ین راگزاهس زش راکشآ قیاقح اب یروئت نیا یع او را . رای ب رامس رازاب ا ا میلا رای ب فرص زشر اریز رهاظ ناسون رپ اوش هب وهعو نهیا ک رامهس رازاهب ناهسون یاه ع ،ا سار نیا را . سا فورع فای کیتا ه یس ک یر ل اع اب نس ارکیور قیفلت اب سا نآ زا اح زیزج یاه یارح . ار ری فت ،لر زا ر مب ار رازاب ناسون یا ع ناوت ون یاه ع ریه فت تهین شهوژپ نیا لصا فزه رازاهب ناهس ا یس ک یر ب جوت اب رامس روا هط نارهیا رااامب قاروا رازاب را یارح کیت 06 / 1395 07 / 1387 نهیا را . هسا نو زآ رو یرپوهسم رور زا ااف هسا اهب راااهمب قاروا رازاب را یارح کیتا یس ک یر از با ،ا سار ر وهف هکیا یاهه نا سا می عت اراز سا اب بپس کزش سررب » فای سون یا ع لیلحت ب ،نآ جیا ن زا ااف رازاهب نا . زهش ه خاارپ ناهنن جیاه ن رامب زا بارح روا کی رااامب قاروا رازاب ااا 1392 رامب ات 1393 ه فای نینچ ه . سا ار بردت ار شهوژهپ یاه نس ارکیور ااا نانن ( یارح ک یر ل اع ب جوت نوزب ) ناهسون یاه ع یجوت ب راا ه و ه ین رامهس رازاهب ب ن ر یژو وز زا یر مب ری فت یارح ک یر ر ئارا رامس رازاب ناسون . زن قرط یزنب JEL : G10 ، C22
Optical Properties of the Atmosphere (Third Edition)

Abstract : A series of tables and charts is presented from which the atmospheric transmittance between any two points in the terrestrial atmosphere can be determined. This material is based on a set of five atmospheric models ranging from tropical to arctic and two aerosol models. A selected set of laser frequencies has been defined for which monochromatic transmittance values have been given. For low resolution transmittance predcition, a series of charts has been drawn providing the capability for predicting transmittance at a resolution of 20 wave-numbers. Separate sections are included on scattered solar radiation, infrared emission, refractive effects, and attenuation by cloud and fog. This third edition differs from the others in that the low resolution spectral curves for the uniformly mixed gases and in the short wavelength region for water vapor have been revised, providing some overall improvement in accuracy; and more importantly, an appendix has been added providing model data and equivalent sea level path data for the U.S. Standard Atmosphere, 1962.
Assessment of Measurement Uncertainty in Optical Marker Tracking of High-Speed Motion

Optical marker tracking is used in research environments to understand the dynamics of moving objects of interest. Due to the complexity of the systems and the wide field of applications, there is no simple method to assess system accuracy. In this approach, a driver clubhead functioned as a rigid body and was tracked during the delivery phase of the golf swing. Marker tracking uncertainty was assessed by measures of inter-marker distance errors. The effect of swing speed on marker tracking uncertainty was tested in the range 0 m/s (static) to 50 m/s. Results demonstrated that the rigid body position in the capture volume has a large effect on marker tracking uncertainty. Positive correlations were found between marker tracking uncertainty and swing speed. Marker size and number of cameras used for marker reconstruction were optimised to provide mean marker tracking uncertainties around the tee position of below 0.13 mm.
THE EDUCATIONAL TRAJECTORY OF HIGH SCHOOL STUDENTS TO ENGINEERING PROGRAMS AT A COMPREHENSIVE CANADIAN UNIVERSITY

This paper reports an analysis of an integrated data set that longitudinally tracked over 14,000 students from Canada’s largest school board (the Toronto District School Board [TDSB]) into Canada’s largest university (the University of Toronto [UofT]). Our analysis showed that when controlling for high school academic records and other student demographics, immigrant students from TDSB were more likely to pursue engineering than other fields of study; math ability was a strong predictor for the TDSB-UofT Engineering pathway; and while engineering students had better academic outcomes than other students, they had lower CGPAs than would be predicted by their academic performance in high school. These findings reveal three characteristics of UofT Engineering: its selectivity and rigor, transnational character of its student population, and complex student diversity. The study also suggests UofT Engineering look into its grading practices.
Corporate culture, management commitment, and HRM effect on operation performance: The mediating role of just-in-time

Abstract The motivation of this study is to analyze the impact of corporate culture, management commitment, and Human resources management on operational performance and the mediating effect on those relationships from JIT implementation. A questionnaire-based survey was used to investigate the research questions. Data from a sample of 410 manufacturing plants were analyzed using a Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) procedure. Study findings unveil direct effect running from corporate culture, management commitment, HRM, and JIT to operational performance. Considering the indirect effect i.e. the mediating role of JIT, findings suggesting that there is partial mediation available in the estimation. On the other hand, the direct effects of corporate culture, management commitment, and HRM on JIT is positive and statistically significant. It is advocated that the effective implementation of JIT in manufacturing units can contribute to increasing operational performance side by side the presence of other key organizational attributes.
Complete plastome sequence of Wrightia laevis Hook. f. a dyestuff species

Abstract Wrightia laevis Hook. f. is a great tree of Apocynaceae. It is mainly distributed in Southeast provinces of China and Southeast Asian countries. It is a plant that combines dyestuff and economic value. There is no study on the genome of W. laevisso far. Here we report and characterize the complete plastid genome sequence of W. laevis in order to provide genomic resources useful for promoting its conservation. The complete chloroplast genome of W. laevis is 155,274 bp in length with a typical quadripartite structure, consisting of a large single-copy region (LSC, 85,463 bp), a single-copy region (SSC, 18,181 bp) and a pair of inverted repeats (IRs, 25,815 bp). There are 133 genes annotated, including 88 unique protein-coding genes, 8 unique ribosomal RNA genes, and 37 transfer RNA genes. The overall G/C content in the plastome of W. laevis is 38.05%. The complete plastome sequence of W. laevis will provide a useful resource for the conservation genetics of this species as well as for phylogenetic studies in Apocynaceae.
Deer browsing effects on temperate forest soil nitrogen cycling shift from positive to negative across fertility gradients

Herbivores impact soil biogeochemical processes, often increasing nutrient cycling rates under high nutrient availability and decreasing nutrient cycling rates under low nutrient availability. These patterns are far from universal, and interactions between habitat fertility and herbivore effects are under continuing investigation. By sampling inside and outside a network of deer exclosures, we determined deer browsing effects on temperate forest soil nitrogen (N) and carbon (C) cycling along a gradient of soil and litter C–N ratios across our network of sites. Deer browsing increased net N mineralization rates in high nutrient environments and decreased N mineralization rates in low nutrient environments, whereas browsing decreased CO2 respiration rates in high nutrient environments and increased CO2 respiration rates in low nutrient environments. Differences in deer browsing effects on soil processes could be explained by plant responses to herbivory across gradients of resource availability. To our knowledge, our study is one of the first to show that deer browsing can have significant effects on net N mineralization and C respiration in temperate forest soils and that the direction and magnitude of deer browsing effects on soil N and C cycling vary across fertility gradients.
Principles of Operation of Grids of DC and AC Subgrids Interconnected by Power Converters

The concept of segmented AC power systems interconnected by means of HVDC is becoming more and more significant for many cases worldwide. Such systems already exist and will become more complex with the increasing emergence of HVDC links and grids. The concept of a grid composed of multiple subgrids motivates the need to define the governing roles of Interconnecting Power Converters (IPC) which connect the different subgrids. Such IPC can have various operation modes which are presented and analyzed in this paper. In addition, the principles of operation needed for each individual subgrid and for the overall system are introduced and discussed. The resulting fundamental equations are outlined and combined in a power flow formulation of the overall system. A simple case study is presented to illustrate the power flow formulation in a grid of multiple subgrids, also introducing example dynamic simulations of transitions between different operating points.
Learning From Vulnerable Populations: Methodological Implications of Interviewing Individuals With Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorder

Scholars face methodological challenges when conducting research about vulnerable populations, such as individuals living with fetal alcohol spectrum disorder (FASD). They often struggle to identify, sample, and interview individuals in order to learn about their life experiences and perspectives. Although some scholarship provides methodological guidance on researching vulnerable populations, scant literature addresses accessing and collecting perceptions from individuals with FASD. Based on work with adults with FASD, we offer procedures for sampling and interviewing. Our suggestions include working with agencies and gatekeepers involved with the population; ensuring voluntary and informed consent throughout the interview process; establishing rapport with interviewees and providing a comfortable interview environment for them; and adjusting interview questions according to individuals’ cognitive abilities. By following these procedures, researchers can learn from these individuals while reducing the risk of harm to them.
Rapid Urbanization Impact on the Hydrological Processes in Zhengzhou, China

Changes in the hydrological process caused by urbanization lead to frequent flooding in cities. For fast-growing urban areas, the impact of urbanization on the hydrological process needs to be systematically analyzed. This study takes Zhengzhou as an example to analyze the impact of urbanization on the hydrological process based on 1971–2012 hourly rainfall-runoff data, combining Geographic Information Systems with traditional hydrological methods. Our study indicates that the rain island effect in different districts of city became stronger with the increase of its built-up. The uneven land use resulted in the difference of runoff process. The flood peak lag was 25–30% earlier with the change of land use. The change of flood peak increased by 10–30% with the change of built-up. The runoff coefficient increases by 20–35% with the increase of built-up, and its change increased with the change of land use. Affected by the rain island effect, precipitation tends to occur in areas where built-up is dominant, which overall magnifies the impact of urbanization on the hydrological process. This provides new ideas for urban flood control. Refine flood control standards according to regional land use changes to cope with the hydrological process after urbanization.
The Effect of Working Capital, Liquidity and Solvency on Profitability at PT Nippon Indosari Corpindo, Tbk

The main attraction for owners of company shareholders lies in the profitability ratio that shows the results of the management of the company's management of the funds invested. This study aims to determine: The Effect of Working Capital, Liquidity and Solvency on the Profitability of PT. Nippon Indosari Corpindo Tbk, both partially and simultaneously. Descriptive quantitative research methods, the data used are secondary data in the form of financial statements of PT. Nippon Indosari Corpindo Tbk, for a period of 9 years from 20010 - 2018 obtained through the IDX (Indonesia Stock Exchange). The analytical method used is the classic assumption test, multiple linear regression analysis, coefficient of determination and hypothesis testing. Based on the analysis results obtained the coefficient of determination (R2) of 0.928 or equal to 92.8%, which means that the contribution made by working capital, liquidity and solvency to profitability reaches 92.8. 3% the remaining 7.2% is influenced by other variables which is not researched. Based on the t test partially working capital on profitability there is an effect where tcount -5.847> t table 2.575 and significance value 0.02 <0.05 and partially liquidity on profitability has no effect where tcount 1.846 0.05 and partially solvency to profitability there is the influence of tcount -3.386> ttable 2.575 and significance value 0.02 <0.05 based on the f test simultaneously working capital, liquidity and solvency affect the profitability where Fcount 21.477> Ftable 5.41 with a significant value of 0.003 <0.05
Meeting the Challenges of Twenty-First Century Civil Aviation: A Review of Nigeria’s Civil Aviation Policy Experience

An examination into Nigeria’s civil aviation policy has become necessary, considering the many challenges facing civil aviation in the country. This situation has questioned the capacity of the legal instruments on aviation to guide the industry. Using qualitative methodology, the study seeks to identify some of the challenges that plague civil aviation in Nigeria and determine whether the Nigerian civil aviation policy and legislation is comprehensive enough to manage these challenges. According to the study, the deregulation policy has done more harm than good by encouraging the sharp practices that exist in the industry. This situation is further exacerbated by many other challenges such as the lack of operational and financial autonomy for the Nigerian Civil Aviation Authority (NCAA), poor funding of the industry, the Nigerian factor of corruption and lack of maintenance culture, shortage of skilled technical manpower, human error, and poor emergency response system. A review of relevant subsisting civil aviation legislation and policy has shown that international standards and best practices have, been domesticated to an acceptable level. Hence, the Nigerian civil aviation policy and regulations are comprehensive enough to manage the aforementioned challenges. The study recommends that full autonomy should be granted the NCAA, not just on paper but in practice; that adequate sanctions should be meted out to any operator or personnel who flouts safety
The Interaction Effect of Independent Boards on Corporate Governance-Corporate Social Responsibility (CG-CSR) and Performance Nexus

The financial crises over the past two decades were identified as the main reason for the economic collapse. Malaysia suffered the same fate when many organisations crumpled from inappropriate compliance of governance mechanisms and corporate social responsibility (CSR) disclosure practices. Given this condition, this study intends to examine the effects of governance mechanisms and CSR practice on firm performance and the moderating effect of board independence is investigated on corporate governance-CSR (CG-CSR) and performance nexus of 588 Malaysian companies listed on Bursa Malaysia between 2006 and 2017. Both accounting-based (ROA) and market-based (Tobin’s Q) performance measures have been used for measuring performance. Dynamic model using Generalized Method of Moments (GMM) has been employed on the dataset to control for potential endogeneity, reverse causality, and dynamic heterogeneity. Findings indicate that ownership concentration negatively affects ROA; chief executive officer (CEO) duality positively affects ROA and negatively affects Tobin’s Q. Moreover, investment on CSR is negatively related to both performance measures. Finally, board independence negatively moderates the CG mechanisms, CSR practice, and performance relationship. Findings of the study have implications for Bursa Malaysia and Securities Commission Malaysia to reset the limit of independent directors on board so that their unnecessary interference in operations of management may be avoided. Furthermore, companies need to reassess their CSR strategies whether they are spending on CSR activities or hiding their financial malfeasance in the name of investment on CSR.
IRON DEFICIENCY ANEMIA AMONG SCHOOL AGE CHILDREN IN KSA

1. Prince Mohamed Bin Abdul Aziz Hospital. 2. Alfarabi College. 3. King Faisal University. 4. Dar Al. Uloom. Manuscript Info Abstract . Manuscript History Received: 07 April 2020 Final Accepted: 10 May 2020 Published: June 2020 Background: Iron-deficiency anemia is the most common cause of anemia worldwide; it affects about half of school-age children around the world. Objectives: toidentify prevalence of iron deficiency and iron deficiency anemia in relation nutritional habits among school students and to identify common signs and symptoms of iron deficiency anemia. Methods: This is a cross sectional study conducted in a representative sample of schools in KSA during the period from 1 January to 31 July 2020.Data collected by filled a predesigned online questionnaire, included questions about socio-demographic characteristics of the children, nutritional habits and risk factors, causes and complications of anemia. Results: the study included 1558 school student, 89.8% were females, and 79.6% aged more than 15 years. 26.8% of the studied students had iron deficiency anemia. There was a significant correlation between iron deficiency anemia and age, sex, educational level (P< 0.05). It was most prevalent among females more than 15 years. The most common manifestations were easy fatigability 63.8%, drowsiness 52.5%, loss of concentration 45.6%, continuous headache 43.6%, fainting attacks 41.2%, tachycardia 34.3%, joint pain 33.8%, chest pain 19.7% and back pain in 18.9%. The majority (74.3%) takes oral treatment containing iron and 34.5% had vitamin C of cases. Improvement occurred in 53.5% of cases. Conclusion:in our study, the total prevalence of iron deficiency anemia was 26.8%. It was most prevalent among females more than 15 years. In spite of treatment, only 53.5% of cases were improved. So we recommend nutritional education to all levels of school children and their mothers. Schools must keep the mid-day school meal rich in iron and vitamin C sources. Copy Right, IJAR, 2020,. All rights reserved.
Identifying Electrocardiogram Pattern Changes and Their Association with Echocardiography among Malaysian Footballers Attending PreParticipation Evaluation

Introduction: Sudden cardiac death is the most common medical cause of death in athletes. The aim of this study was to identify the electrocardiogram (ECG) pattern changes and its association with echocardiography among Malaysian footballers during a pre-participation evaluation (PPE). Methods: A retrospective study was conducted on footballers attending a PPE at a primary care centre. Secondary data collection was conducted and the proforma included clinical history, physical examination, ECG, Echocardiogram and cardiovascular risk factors assessment such as heart rate, blood pressure, lipid profile, fasting blood sugar and creatinine. Data were extracted from the medical records, echocardiogram report and the original ECG. The ECG patterns were analysed according to the International consensus for ECG interpretation in athletes to determine physiological versus pathological changes. The data was analysed using SPSS v24. Results: This study included 85 male Malaysian footballers with a mean age of 20.1 ± 3.0 years. The mean resting heart rate was 55.2 ± 9.3 beats per minute. Abnormal ECG changes were found in 20% of the participants, which were higher compared to that reported in other studies (14% – 17.3%). The normal ECG findings in athletes were sinus bradycardia (76.5%), J-point elevation (68.2%), prolonged PR interval (3.5%) and incomplete right bundle branch block (4.7%). The abnormal ECG changes were multiple T wave inversions (5.9%), hypertrophy (2.4%), and deep Q-waves (8.2%). Four abnormal ECGs were consistent with abnormal echocardiography findings and out of these, two ECGs with hypertrophic changes were consistent with mild inter atrial septal bulging and apical hypertrophy. Conclusions: Malaysian footballers have ECG changes that are consistent with physiological changes in athlete’s heart. The positive association between ECG and Echocardiogram findings are useful in confirming pathological ECG changes. Physicians should be trained in PPE protocol and ECG interpretation in athletes in order to improve identification of those at risk of sudden cardiac death.