Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Increased treatment requirements of patients with cystic fibrosis who harbour a highly transmissible strain of Pseudomonas aeruginosa

Background: A group of patients who harbour the same highly transmissible strain of Pseudomonas aeruginosa were identified at a cystic fibrosis (CF) centre. Isolates of this strain display a number of unusual phenotypic features including resistance to most typical antipseudomonal antibiotics. A study was undertaken to see if there was a difference in treatment requirements between CF patients with chronic infection with their own unique P aeruginosa strains (group 1) and those who harbour a highly transmissible strain (group 2). Methods: Data on treatment requirements for the year 2000 were collected from the case records of CF patients with chronic P aeruginosa infection who had received inpatient treatment. Patients co-infected with Burkholderia cepacia or other highly transmissible strains of P aeruginosa were excluded. Results: There were 2/56 and 3/22 deaths in groups 1 and 2, respectively; these patients were excluded from the analysis. No difference was found between the two groups for mean age, % predicted forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV1), % predicted forced vital capacity (FVC), and body mass index. Patients in group 2 had a greater median (range) number of intravenous antibiotic days (60 (17–216) v 33 (4–237) days; p=0.01), inpatient days (39 (7–183) v 16 (1–172) days; p<0.01), and inpatient episodes (3 (1–9) v 2 (1–6); p<0.01), and more respiratory exacerbations (mean (SD) 8.2 (3.4) v 6.1 (3.2); p=0.01). Conclusions: Patients who harbour the highly transmissible P aeruginosa strain have a greater treatment burden than patients with CF who harbour their own unique strains. These findings support the need for microbiological surveillance for highly transmissible P aeruginosa and the implementation of infection control measures to prevent cross infection.
How to Decrease Employee Turnover Rates Within Public Accounting Firms

All over the country, future college graduates are getting recruited to come work for Big 4 public accounting firms. The allure of a healthy salary post-graduation, the challenge of a demanding career, and the enticing perks that accompany a career in public accounting are a few of the reasons why young people ambitiously choose to join a profession that they know will comprise of long work hours, demanding clients, and a lack of work-life balance. Often, college graduates will enter the workforce excited about the future possibilities, only to find out that public accounting is not what they had in mind for a long term career. Or, they already have a predetermined mindset to work for a few years in order to obtain valuable experience before leaving for another accounting firm or company. The purpose of this research and analyzation is to explore explanations for why individuals starting out in public accounting typically only make it for a few years. I will be exploring why the turnover rates are so high and the best ways for firms to adjust their organization in order to retain their employees. I will explore the history of public accounting, including specific legislation that has impacted the rigor of work performed. Additionally, I will delve into surveys previously conducted and research written on the opinions regarding the accounting profession. I aim to narrow it down to a few specific reasons that turnover rates are so alarmingly high in public accounting firms, and give suggestions to those firms wishing to reduce high turnover rates within their organization. Like mentioned above, there are many factors that draw potential employees into a public accounting firm. However, it seems there are multiple influences that encourage public
Developing Disease Activity and Response Criteria in Connective Tissue Disease-related Interstitial Lung Disease

The interstitial lung diseases (ILD) are a group of heterogeneous diseases that exert significant morbidity and mortality in connective tissue diseases (CTD). There is no consensus on measures of disease activity or therapeutic responsiveness, which hampers effective drug development and regulatory evaluation of candidate therapies. The CTD-ILD Special Interest Group represents an international multidisciplinary effort to identify consensus on criteria to measure disease activity and therapeutic response in CTD-ILD. We summarize the design of the studies we are conducting and progress leading to the OMERACT 10 and 2010 EULAR meetings.
Liquid Boar Sperm Quality during Storage and In vitro Fertilization and Culture of Pig Oocytes

The percentages of sperm motility and normal acrosome on the liquid boar semen diluted and preserved at 4°C with lactose hydrate, egg yolk and N-acetyl-D-glucosamine (LEN) diluent were significant differences according to preservation day and incubation time, respectively. The sperm motility steadily declined from 96.9% at 0.5 h incubation to 78.8% at 6 h incubation at 1 day of preservation. However, the sperm motility rapidly declined after 4 day of preservation during incubation. The normal acrosome steadily declined from 93.3% at 0.5 h incubation to 73.8% at 6 h incubation at 1 day of preservation. However, the normal acrosome rapidly declined after 3 day of preservation during incubation. The rates of sperm penetration and polyspermy were higher in 5 and 10×10 6 sperm/ml than in 0.2 and 1×10 6 sperm/ml. Mean numbers of sperm in penetrated oocyte were highest in 10×10 6 sperm/ml compared with other sperm concentrations. The rates of blastocysts from the cleaved oocytes (2-4 cell stage) were highest in 1×10 6 sperm/ml compared with other sperm concentrations. In conclusion, we found out that liquid boar sperm stored at 4°C could be used for in vitro fertilization of pig oocytes matured in vitro. Also, we recommend 1×10 6 sperm/ml concentration for in vitro fertilization of pig oocytes. (Asian-Aust. J. Anim. Sci. 2004. Vol 17, No. 10 : 1369-1373)
HIV-1 pol gene variation is sufficient for reconstruction of transmissions in the era of antiretroviral therapy

Objectives: We wished to assess the potential of using HIV-1 pol gene for the identification of transmissions events by phylogenetic means in the era of antiretroviral drug selective pressure. Design: The relatedness of the viruses within a large database of pol sequences generated from HIV-1 infected individuals from the UK was reconstructed by phylogenetic analyses. Methods: A total of 140 pol sequences were selected out of the 2500 database entries, on the basis of a pairwise genetic distance higher than 95%. Neighbour Joining and Maximum Likelihood trees were implemented. Trees were reconstructed after exclusion of codon positions associated with drug resistance from the original pol alignment. Trees based on the corresponding env and gag genes were implemented to confirm the linkages. Results: Up to 23 transmission clusters were identified, supported by high bootstrap values (> 99), congruent epidemiological data and/or similar drug resistance motifs. The topology of the tree was consistent after exclusion of the drug resistance associated codons. Identical topologies were obtained in trees implemented from gag and env genes alignments. Conclusions: Despite its genetic conservation, the HIV-1 pol gene holds sufficient variability to permit the phylogenetic reconstruction of transmissions. Identical clusters were obtained whichever of the three principal genes is considered and no bias was induced by the presence of drug resistance mutations. These findings demonstrate the important epidemiological information inherent within routinely collected laboratory data, which can assist in estimating rates of recent HIV-1 transmission within a population.
Mechanical-electrical Optoisolator Transducers

Mechanical-electrical Optoisolator Transducers are Polaroid optocouplers whose main function is to convert a rotational and/or a translation movement into electrical signal. These devices combine transducers feature to connect two physical systems operating with signals of different nature, with optocouplers feature of galvanic separation of two different voltage modules. This is achieved by introducing a mechanically controlled system of Polaroid filters on the light beam path performing the optical coupling. These transducers are generally suitable for automation and mecatronics applications.
Research and design on household stand-alone photovoltaic power generation system

Based on solar radiation resources and annual total hours of sunshine for different latitudes in Henan,the household stand-alone photovoltaic power generation systems with various configuration were designed. The characteristics of power generation were analyzed. The results show that the generating capacity of PV modules is the largest in northern and northeastern regions of Henan and is minimum in south and southwest regions of Henan,The annual generating capacity difference is 10. 1%;Meanwhile,the generating capacity in winter is less than that in summer,the maximum power output occurs in May and August; The electricity generation in October is greater than that in September in most areas of Henan. The configuration of PV modules power 990 to 1 110 W and batteries capacity's400 to 480 Ah can better meet the basic living need of households in areas without electricity,and these PV systems are currently stable in operation.
Electrosensory systems in the mormyrid fish, Gnathonemus petersii : special emphasis on the fast conducting pathway.

1. Rhombencephalic and mesencephalic structures involved in electroreception were investigated by electrophysiological methods in the weakly electric fish Gnathonemus petersii. 2. The existence of a synchronous response to electric field stimulation of the fish in the mesencephalic exterolateral nucleus (n.ext.-lat.mes) with 2.5-3 ms latency was confirmed. The lateral line lobe nucleus (nLLL) is identified as the rhombencephalic relay for the mesencephalic responses because of the short latency synchronous response in the nLLL obtained by threshold stimulation of the posterior lateral line nerve. Responses in both the nLLL and the n.ext. -lat.mes. appear and their amplitudes increase simultaneously with increasing stimulus intensity. 3. Comparison of latencies supports a three-neuron pathway hypothesis which also agrees well with the various functional properties described. 4. The nLLL-n.ext. -lat.mes. pathway is blocked sharply for a period of 1 ms occurring 3 ms after the electric organ discharge (EOD). This inhibitory period is phase-related to the Mesencephalic Command Associated Signal (MCAS) of Aljure (1946) ; The phase relation is such that no response is observed to the fish's own EOD. 5. Long-lasting responses of 10-12 ms duration to higher stimulation intensities were obtained in the ganglionic layer of the lateral line lobe (LLL). Intensities evoking maximal responses in the nLLL and n.ext. lat.mes. are still threshold stimulation for lateral line lobe responses. 6. Long-lasting responses (of the same order as in the LLL) to the fish' own EOD were observed in the mesencephalic lateral nucleus. Responses to artificial electric pulses were obtained only if delivered in a certain phase realtion to the MCAS. The MCAS displays a facilitating effect on the slow conducting electrosensory system. 7. Results indicate the existence in mormyrids of a double, fast and slow conducting, electrosensory system similar to that of gymnotid fish. The mormyrids can control both of these electrosensory systems by means of the MCAS, the effect of which is opposite for the same time period on the two systems.
Research on Quality Control of Agricultural Products Based on Cold Chain Logistics

Quality of cold chain logistics for agricultural product quality has an important impact on security, based on the analysis of the basic theory of cold chain logistics and cold chain logistics and quality control, cold chain logistics for agricultural hazard analyzes and critical control points were initially identified based on HACCP, and pay close attention on agricultural products cold chain logistics critical control points, ultimately to protect the ultimate quality and safety of agricultural products.
Learning and Teaching with Mobile Devices an Approach in Secondary Education in Ghana

While many developing nations find Internet-based e-learning unsuitable for their needs (lack of technology as well as of accessibility), mobile learning methods ‐ specifically those involving the use of mobile-phones for both formal and informal learning ‐ hold great promise for them (Grimus et al, 2013b). This article examines the chances and challenges of the use of mobile devices to support improvement and transformation of education in a Senior High School in Ghana. It draws attention to the local situation in a field-study looking at infrastructure, development of material and support. A model for teacher training was designed to facilitate teachers’ attitudes and abilities for implementation of mobile learning. The article figures out how mobile devices can be integrated in learning and teaching on the specific background of a school in Ghana. Based on our results we conclude that teachers and students want to use mobile devices in learning. Their perceptions are positive and they developed courses for specific subjects available for eReaders and mobile phones. The results and feedback from two workshops encourage us to propose this model as an example for integration of mobile devices for learning in other regions of Sub Sahara Africa. 뀀ഀȠ
National Institute of Child Health and Human Development

The National Institute of Child Health and Human Development conducts and supports research on all stages of human development from preconception to adulthood in order to better understand the health of children, youths, adults, families, and communities. Health and human development information is made easily available on the site with a simple A to Z list, along with clinical trials and health education campaign information. Links to clinical trials, news releases, publications, and related web sites are also available, as well as information on research being conducted at present and supported by the National Institute of Child Health and Human Development.
Primary Neuroendocrine Breast Carcinoma in a 13-Year-Old Girl: Ultrasonography and Pathology Findings

Neuroendocrine carcinoma (NEC) of the breast is a rare disease and has been scarcely reported by African authors. The authors report a case of breast NEC in a 13-year-old African girl initially diagnosed as an atypical adenofibroma by ultrasonography. Ultrasound-guided biopsy and conventional histological examination indicated two potential diagnoses: primary malignant non-Hodgkin's lymphoma and undifferentiated carcinoma. According to immunohistochemistry performed on paraffin blocks in France, infiltrating ductal carcinoma with a strong neuroendocrine component was confirmed by CD56, CD57, and chromogranin A markers.
Recognizing Face Identity from Natural and Morphed Smiles

It is easier to identify a degraded familiar face when it is shown moving (smiling, talking; nonrigid motion), than when it is displayed as a static image (Knight & Johnston, 1997; Lander, Christie, & Bruce, 1999). Here we explore the theoretical underpinnings of the moving face recognition advantage. In Experiment 1 we show that the identification of personally familiar faces when shown naturally smiling is significantly better than when the person is shown artificially smiling (morphed motion), as a single static neutral image or as a single static smiling image. In Experiment 2 we demonstrate that speeding up the motion significantly impairs the recognition of identity from natural smiles, but has little effect on morphed smiles. We conclude that the recognition advantage for face motion does not reflect a general benefit for motion, but suggests that, for familiar faces, information about their characteristic motion is stored in memory.
Comparison of netilmicin and gentamicin pharmacokinetics in humans

In a crossover study, single doses of netilmicin and gentamicin were administered intramuscularly, each at 1.0 and 2.5 mg/kg. The serum concentrations, analyzed by a two-compartment open model with a first-order absorption, indicated that the pharmacokinetics of the drugs are essentially the same. Both drugs were rapidly absorbed and distributed after administration. No significant differences were observed between the two drugs in disposition half-life, rate of distribution and elimination, area under the serum concentration-time curve, urinary excretion, total body clearance, and renal clearance. After 1.0 mg/kg, the maximum serum concentration of netilmicin (5.18 microgram/ml) was only slightly lower than that for gentamicin (5.76 microgram/ml), but no difference was found after the 2.5-mg/kg dose.
Oral health literacy and information sources among adults in Tehran, Iran.

OBJECTIVE To assess oral health literacy level and oral health information of Iranian adults in Tehran, and to determine the factors related to oral health literacy. BASIC RESEARCH DESIGN A cross-sectional population study. PARTICIPANTS A random sample of 1,031 adults in Tehran, Iran. METHODS Oral health literacy was measured using an oral health adult literacy questionnaire (OHL-AQ). Variation in use of information sources by socio-economic and demographic background was estimated by odds ratios. A multiple linear regression model served to determine predictor factors of OHL-AQ scores controlling for characteristics of the subjects and number of information sources. RESULTS The mean OHL-AQ score was 10.5 (sd 3.0). Women (p < 0.001), younger (p < 0.001), and better educated participants (p < 0.001) had higher OHL-AQ scores. The most common sources of oral health information were dentists (52.6%), and TV/Radio (49.5%). According to the regression model, females (p = 0.001), high educational level (p < 0.001), and use of multiple information sources (two sources p = 0.01, three sources or more p = 0.002) were the main predictor factors of OHL-AQ scores. CONCLUSIONS The average oral health literacy level of Iranian adults was low. Disseminating evidence-based oral health care information from multiple sources including TV/radio, dentists, and other health professionals in different settings should improve public oral health literacy.
Anterior cruciate ligament injury in female athletes: epidemiology.

OBJECTIVE To present epidemiologic studies on anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injuries in female athletes. DATA SOURCES MEDLINE was searched from 1978 to 1998 with the terms "anterior cruciate ligament" and "female athlete" among others. Additional sources were knowledge base and oral, didactic, and video presentations. DATA SYNTHESIS Epidemiologic studies have focused on level of participation, specific sports, sex differences and contributing factors, injury mechanism, prevention programs, and outcomes studies. Female athletes have a significantly increased risk of noncontact ACL injuries over male athletes in soccer and basketball. CONCLUSIONS/RECOMMENDATIONS I believe that appropriate intervention programs can reduce these alarming rates of ACL injuries.
An SP1‐like transcription factor Spr2 acts downstream of Fgf signaling to mediate mesoderm induction

Fgf signaling, mediated in part by the transcription factor Brachyury/Xbra/Ntl, plays important roles in mesoderm formation during the early development of vertebrate embryos. We have identified a zebrafish gene, spr2, which encodes a member of the Sp1‐like transcription factor family. spr2 is expressed in both hypoblast and epiblast cells during late blastulation/early gastrulation, and in some mesodermal and neural tissues at later stages. Injection with spr2 mRNA enhances ntl expression and alleviates the inhibitory effect on ntl of XFD, a Xenopus dominant‐negative FGF receptor. In contrast, morpholino‐ mediated knockdown of Spr2 activity inhibits ntl expression and reduces the inductive effect of Fgfs on ntl. We also demonstrate that Fgf signaling relays mesoderm induction activity of Nodal signaling and Spr2 is involved in this signal relay process. Furthermore, the correct spatial expression of spr2 requires Nodal, Fgf and Wnt signals. We suggest that expression of spr2 is an immediate‐early response to mesoderm induction by Fgfs, which in turn regulates the expression of effector genes involved in the development of mesodermal tissues.
Towards Rack Utilization in Internet Datacenters: An Approach Based on Dynamic Programming

In the datacenter rented to Internet Service Providers (ISPs), the low utilization of racks can seriously affect ISPs’ benefit because the ISPs are charged by “rack per year” rather than servers. Based on our analysis about the utilization data from production systems, we find that the over-provisioning of power results in low power utilization, which potentially decreases rack utilization as well as the ISPs’ benefit. To improve the rack utilization, maximizing the number of servers in racks is an effective way. In this paper, we propose a server placement algorithm to minimize the power fragment in a rack. The experimental results show that it can save more than 50% leasing cost (rack utilization improvement) in evaluation.
Assessment and modification of pain on induction with propofol (Diprivan)

Assessment of pain on injection of the emulsified formulation of di‐isopropylphenol (propofol, ‘Diprivan’) was undertaken in 120 unpremedicated patients and comparison made with thiopentone. A high incidence of pain (37.5%) was found using dorsal hand veins, but use of forearm veins showed only a 2.5% incidence of pain. The use of intravenous lignocaine immediately before propofol injection only partially reduced the incidence of pain using dorsal hand veins (17.5%). A degree of cardiorespiratory depression accompanied induction but the incidence of other side effects was low.
Accurate modelling and optimization of inhomogeneous substrate related losses in SPDT switch IC design for WLAN applications

This paper teaches the way to achieve an optimum substrate isolation in RF switch design thanks to Deep Trenches Isolation (DTI). The role of Deep Trench Isolation in substrate coupling around active blocks is analysed in link to its ability to break the conductive buried layers in the substrate. Then, an accurate modelling approach based on quasi-static approach developed for inhomogeneous substrate is investigated. The efficiency of this methodology is first demonstrated thanks to a comparison with a standard numerical method based on FEM (Finite Element Method). Then, experiments data are provided to support this theoretical analysis. The methodology is fully integrated in a commercial design flow and offers a perfect trade-off between accuracy and run time simulation. From available test data on single device and a full SP3T, a correlation better than 0.1dB is obtained between simulation and measurement up to 8 GHz.