Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Life problems and physical illness as risk factors for suicide in older people: a descriptive and case-control study

Background. The role of physical illness and life problems in contributing to suicide in older people is potentially important with regard to suicide prevention. Method. The aim of the study was to determine the life problems other than psychiatric illness contributing to suicide in older people. Semi-structured psychological autopsy interviews, covering life problems and physical illness prior to death, were conducted with informants for 100 people aged 60 years old and over who died through suicide in five English counties. Interviews were completed with informants for 54 age- and sex-matched control subjects who died through natural causes. Results. The three most frequent life problems associated with suicide were physical illness, interpersonal problems, and bereavement. Physical health problems were present in 82% and felt to be contributory to death in 62%. Pain, breathlessness and functional limitation were the most frequent symptoms. Interpersonal problems were present in 55% of the sample and contributory in 31%. The corresponding figures for bereavement-related problems were 47% and 25%. In the case-control analysis, the problems found to be risk factors for suicide were problems related to a bereavement over 1 year before death (OR 3·5, 95% CI 1·2–10·6), and problems with accommodation (OR 5·0, 95% CI 1·1–22·8), finances (p=0·01), and retirement (p=0·02). Conclusion. Physical illness, interpersonal problems and bereavement are commonly associated with suicide in older people, but financial, accommodation, retirement and long- term bereavement-related problems may be more specific risk factors.
Scytalidium dimidiatum fungal endophthalmitis.

Fungal endophthalmitis after surgery or trauma is uncommon. 1-7 We are not aware of any report in the literature ofScytalidium dimidiatum (under the name S synanamorph subspecies of Hendersonula toruloidea) causing eye infection. >" This paper reports a severe case of S dimidiatum -endopthalmitis following trauma. Despite intraocular amphotericin B, miconazole, topical natamycin, and extensive surgical debridement of the involved ocular tissues, the infection persisted and necessitated enucleation.
Validation of Near-Field Ground-Penetrating Radar Modeling Using Full-Wave Inversion for Soil Moisture Estimation

We present validation results of a new ground-penetrating radar (GPR) near-field model for determining the electrical properties and correlated water content of a sand using both frequency- and time-domain radars. The radar antennas are intrinsically characterized using an equivalent set of infinitesimal source/field points and characteristic functions of antennas, which were determined using measurements with the antenna at different distances from a copper plane. The antenna radiation was modeled using six source and field points, which was found to be a good compromise between high modeling accuracy and computing efficiency. We validated our model by inverting GPR data to predict the water content of a sand layer subject to seven levels of saturation. A soil dielectric mixing model was integrated into the full-wave GPR inverse modeling to directly estimate the water content and to account for the frequency dependence of the electrical properties. Although the quality of the fit slightly decreased as the antenna approached the sand surface, the results showed a close agreement between measured and modeled data, resulting in accurate estimation of the water content. The average errors of all water content estimates were 0.012 cm3/cm3 for the frequency domain and 0.016 cm3/cm3 for the time-domain GPR. However, the accuracy reduced when the sand became wet. By performing numerical simulations, we found that it is due to the vertical heterogeneity of soil moisture under the effect of the hydrostatic pressure. We also showed that the GPR inversion with the multilayered soil model could account for this heterogeneity and improved the agreement between the modeled and measured GPR data as well as the accuracy of soil moisture estimation. As for the frequency dependence of the electrical properties, in the frequency ranges of both GPR systems, while the dielectric permittivity was approximately constant, the apparent conductivity exponentially increased with increasing frequency. The success of the calibration and validation in laboratory conditions demonstrates a great potential for practical applications of the radar model, notably for the digital soil mapping and nondestructive testing of materials.
Forms of physiological aliasing within the heart rate fluctuations by higher frequent respiratory movements.

In adult conscious rabbits, the respiratory frequency (RF) is almost always higher than half the heart rate (HR) Thus, no "classical" respiratory sinus arrhythmia occurred. But now, slow HR fluctuations, which were not synchronous to the respiratory rhythm but effected by it, occurred systematically. By cholinergic blockade, these slow HR fluctuations could be essentially reduced but not completely abolished. Up to now, this phenomenon was not be taken into account in the analysis of HR fluctuations. Thus misinterpretations are inevitable. During general anaesthesia, the RF decrease up to 2 RF < HR, and now classical respiratory sinus arrhythmia occurred which also could be essentially reduced but not completely abolished by vagal blockade. The possibilities of calculation of such slow HR fluctuations were shown, as those during 1/2 HR < RF < 3/2 HR and RF > 3/2 HR.
Impaired mimicry response to angry faces following severe traumatic brain injury

This study examined whether severe traumatic brain injuries (TBIs) interfere with normal facial mimicry when observing facial expressions. A total of 21 adults with severe TBI and 20 control participants viewed angry and happy facial expressions taken from the Ekman and Friesen (1976) series while facial movement of the corrugator supercilii (brow) and zygomaticus major (cheek) was monitored. Faces were presented both statically and dynamically (gradually morphing from neutral to the final expression). The control group showed increased brow activity to angry expressions and increased cheek activity to happy expressions. This activity was evident as early as 500 ms, consistent with previous research suggesting that facial mimicry commences as an automatic process. The TBI group showed similar activity to happy expressions but no clear response to angry expressions, either early (500–1,000 ms) or over the entire 6-s duration of the displayed image. This was the case for both static and dynamic displays. There was no relationship between facial mimicry and accuracy in identifying (matching) facial expressions for either the TBI or control participants. These results are consistent with the view that ventral frontal structures mediate early responses to angry expressions and that these are frequently compromised as a result of severe TBI. The results did not support the view that simulation (mimicry) facilitates emotion recognition.
Comparaison de novo de données de séquençage issues de très grands échantillons métagénomiques : application sur le projet Tara Oceans. (De novo comparision of huge metagenomic experiments coming from NGS technologies : application on Tara Oceans project)

La metagenomique vise a etudier le contenu genetique et genomique d'un echantillon provenant d'un environnement naturel. Cette discipline recente s'attache a etudier les genomes de differents organismes provenant d'un meme milieu. La metagenomique pose de nouvelles questions, tant d'un point de vue biologique qu'informatique. Les masses de donnees generees par les etudes metagenomiques et la complexite des milieux etudies, necessitent de developper de nouvelles structures de donnees et de nouveaux algorithmes dedies. Parmi les differentes approches existantes en metagenomique, la metagenomique comparative consiste a comparer plusieurs metagenomes afin d'en connaitre les divers degres de similarite. Lorsque cette comparaison se base uniquement sur le contenu brut des echantillons, sans faire appel a des connaissances externes, on parle de metagenomique comparative de novo. L'objectif des travaux que nous proposons est de developper une methode permettant d'extraire les sequences similaires de deux jeux de donnees metagenomiques, ou chaque jeu peut etre compose de centaines de millions de courtes sequences. La comparaison proposee consiste a identifier les sequences d'un premier jeu similaires a au moins une sequence d'un second jeu. Afin d'etre rapide et econome en memoire, l'implementation de notre methode a necessite la conception d'une nouvelle structure d'indexation, basee sur le filtre de bloom. Le logiciel final, nomme Compareads, a une consommation memoire faible (de l'ordre de quelques go) et peut calculer l'intersection de deux echantillons de 100 millions de sequences chacun en une dizaine d'heures. Notre methode est une heuristique qui genere un faible taux de faux positifs. Le logiciel Compareads est dedie a l'analyse de grands jeux de donnees metagenomiques. A l'heure actuelle, il est le seul outil capable de comparer de tels jeux. Compareads a ete applique sur plusieurs projets metagenomiques. Notre outil produit des resultats robustes, biologiquement exploitables et en accord avec diverses methodes fondamentalement differentes. Il est actuellement utilise de maniere intensive sur les echantillons provenant de l'expedition tara oceans. Sur ce projet, notre methode a permis de mettre en evidence que les grands systemes oceaniques influent sur la repartition globale des micro-organismes marins.
Learning to Generate Understandable Animations of American Sign Language

Standardized testing has revealed that many deaf adults in the U.S. have lower levels of written English literacy; providing American Sign Language (ASL) on websites can make information and services more accessible. Unfortunately, video recordings of human signers are difficult to update when information changes, and there is no way to support just-in-time generation of web content from a query. Software is needed that can automatically synthesize understandable animations of a virtual human performing ASL, based on an easy-to-update script as input. The challenge is for this software to select the details of such animations so that they are linguistically accurate, understandable, and acceptable to users. Our research seeks models that underlie the accurate and natural movements of virtual human characters performing ASL, using the following methodology: experimental evaluation studies with native ASL signers, motion-capture data collection from signers, linguistic analysis of this data, statistical modeling techniques, and animation synthesis. Keywords—American Sign Language; animation; accessibility; technology for people who are deaf or hard-of-hearing
Is this patient dead, vegetative, or severely neurologically impaired? Assessing outcome for comatose survivors of cardiac arrest.

CONTEXT Most survivors of cardiac arrest are comatose after resuscitation, and meaningful neurological recovery occurs in a small proportion of cases. Treatment can be lengthy, expensive, and often difficult for families and caregivers. Physical examination is potentially useful in this clinical scenario, and the information obtained may help physicians and families make accurate decisions about treatment and/or withdrawal of care. OBJECTIVE To determine the precision and accuracy of the clinical examination in predicting poor outcome in post-cardiac arrest coma. DATA SOURCES AND STUDY SELECTION We searched MEDLINE for English-language articles (1966-2003) using the terms coma, cardiac arrest, prognosis, physical examination, sensitivity and specificity, and observer variation. Other sources came from bibliographies of retrieved articles and physical examination textbooks. Studies were included if they assessed the precision and accuracy of the clinical examination in prognosis of post-cardiac arrest coma in adults. Eleven studies, involving 1914 patients, met our inclusion criteria. DATA EXTRACTION Two authors independently reviewed each study to determine eligibility, abstract data, and classify methodological quality using predetermined criteria. Disagreement was resolved by consensus. DATA SYNTHESIS Summary likelihood ratios (LRs) were calculated from random effects models. Five clinical signs were found to strongly predict death or poor neurological outcome: absent corneal reflexes at 24 hours (LR, 12.9; 95% confidence interval [CI], 2.0-68.7), absent pupillary response at 24 hours (LR, 10.2; 95% CI, 1.8-48.6), absent withdrawal response to pain at 24 hours (LR, 4.7; 95% CI, 2.2-9.8), no motor response at 24 hours (LR, 4.9; 95% CI, 1.6-13.0), and no motor response at 72 hours (LR, 9.2; 95% CI, 2.1-49.4). The proportion of individuals' dying or having a poor neurological outcome was calculated by pooling the outcome data from the 11 studies (n = 1914) and used as an estimate of the pretest probability of poor outcome. The random effects estimate of poor outcome was 77% (95% CI, 72%-80%). The highest LR increases the pretest probability of 77% to a posttest probability of 97% (95% CI, 87%-100%). No clinical findings were found to have LRs that strongly predicted good neurological outcome. CONCLUSIONS Simple physical examination maneuvers strongly predict death or poor outcome in comatose survivors of cardiac arrest. The most useful signs occur at 24 hours after cardiac arrest, and earlier prognosis should not be made by clinical examination alone. These data provide prognostic information, rather than treatment recommendations, which must be made on an individual basis incorporating many other variables.
Ventilation in homes infested by house‐dust mites

Thirty single‐family homes with either high (≥ 2000 ng/g) or low (≤ 1000 ng/g) house‐dust mite (HDM) allergen levels in mattress dust were examined for ventilation, thermal climate, and air quality (formaldehyde and total volatile organic compounds (TVOC). Elevated concentrations of HDM allergen in mattress and floor dust were associated with the difference in absolute humidity between indoor and outdoor air, as well as with low air‐change rates of the home, particularly the bedroom. No correlation was found between concentration of TVOC or formaldehyde in bedroom air and HDM allergen concentration. In regions with a cold winter climate, the air‐change rate of the home and the infiltration of outdoor air into the bedroom appear to be important for the infestation of HDM.
Ethnic origin and access to electronic health services

E-health holds the promise of changing the delivery of health care by extending and enhancing its reach, and democratizing and improving the access of disadvantaged groups to health care services. This study investigated ethnic inequalities in access to e-health information, communication and electronic services in Israel. Based on the diversification hypothesis, we expected that disadvantaged ethnic groups would be more likely to use e-health services to compensate for their lack of social capital. Data gathered from a representative sample of Internet users in Israel (n=1371) provided partial support for the hypothesis, indicating that in multicultural societies, disadvantaged groups are more motivated than the majority group to use the Internet to access medical information. However, despite expectations, minority groups were less likely to access e-health services. Implications of the findings are discussed.
Cloud‐aware power control for real‐time application offloading in mobile edge computing

Running computationally demanding real‐time applications at the mobile user equipment (UE) is complicated because of limited battery life time of the UEs. One solution is to offload demanding computing tasks to a centralized cloud. Nevertheless, this option introduces significant delay consisting in delivery of the offloaded tasks to the cloud and back. Such delay is inconvenient for real‐time applications. To cope with high delay, a concept of mobile edge computing has been introduced. The feasible way enabling mobile edge computing is to enhance the small cell base stations (SCeNBs) with computing capabilities. However, a high density of the SCeNBs together with even low mobility of users can result in often outage situation or handover when delay sensitive data cannot be delivered from the computing SCeNBs in time and become irrelevant. In this paper, we propose distributed cloud‐aware power control algorithm, which targets to increase the ratio of delivery of computation results to the UE within required delay. Then, we enhance cloud‐aware power control by adaptive algorithm. This algorithm exploits iterative process to find appropriate time when the power control is triggered in order to further improve the performance of the cloud‐aware power control. The simulations demonstrate notable increase in the ratio of delivered offloaded tasks from the computing SCeNBs comparing with competitive schemes. At the same time, the amount of served data to the users exploiting common, non‐cloud, services is increased. As the proposed solution is distributed, related signaling overhead is negligible. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Spatial Anisotropy in Intramodal and Cross-Modal Judgments of Stimulus Orientation: The Stability of the Oblique Effect

Visual and haptic judgments of stimulus orientation were examined intramodally and cross-modally by having subjects reproduce standard stimulus orientations simultaneously with their inspection or after a delay. For all conditions, an oblique effect was obtained, i.e. vertical and horizontal orientations were reproduced reliably more accurately than oblique orientations. Although intramodal differences were large, with haptic errors being greater than visual errors, cross-model differences were small. Furthermore, while for intramodal conditions simultaneous visual reproductions were reliably more accurate than delayed reproductions but haptic reproductions were more accurate when delayed, cross-modal errors were reliably greater with simultaneous reproductions, regardless of whether the standard orientation was visual or haptic. The modality differences reflect basic differences in stimulus information processing and the stability of the oblique effect across the experimental conditions suggests that perceptual spatial anisotropic effects are strongly influenced by experiential factors.
Wave – mean interaction theory

This is an informal account of the fluid-dynamical theory describing nonlinear interactions between small-amplitude waves and mean flows. This kind of theory receives little attention in mainstream fluid dynamics, but it has been developed greatly in atmosphere and ocean fluid dynamics. This is because of the pressing need in numerical atmosphere–ocean models to approximate the effects of unresolved small-scale waves acting on the resolved large-scale flow, which can have very important dynamical implications. Several atmosphere ocean example are discussed in these notes (in particular, see §5), but generic wave–mean interaction theory should be useful in other areas of fluid dynamics as well. We will look at a number of examples relating to the basic problem of classical wave–mean interaction theory: finding the nonlinear O(a) mean-flow response to O(a) waves with small amplitude a 1 in simple geometry . Small wave amplitude a 1 means that the use of linear theory for O(a) waves propagating on an O(1) background flow is allowed. Simple geometry means that the flow is periodic in one spatial coordinate and that the O(1) background flow does not depend on this coordinate. This allows the use of averaging over the periodic coordinate, which greatly simplifies the problem. 1 Two-dimensional incompressible homogeneous flow This is our basic starting point. We first develop the mathematical equations for this kind of flow and then we consider waves and mean flows in it. 1.1 Mathematical equations We work in a flat, two-dimensional domain with Cartesian coordinates x = (x, y) and velocity field u = (u, v). In the y-direction the domain is bounded at y = 0 and y = D by solid impermeable walls such that v = 0 there. In the x-direction there are periodic boundary conditions such that u(x+ L, y, t) = u(x, y, t). In an atmospheric context we can think of x as the “zonal” (i.e. east–west) coordinate and of y as the “meridional” (i.e. south–north) coordinate. The period length L is then the Earth’s circumference. The flow is incompressible, which means that the velocity field is area-preserving and hence has zero divergence: ∇ · u = 0 ⇔ ux + vy = 0. (1.1)
A comparison of three practice schedules along the contextual interference continuum.

T he organization of practice sessions is recognized as one of the most important functions teachers and coaches perform (Silverman, 1990; Vickers, 1990). However, as noted by Newel1 and McDonald (1992), despite considerable interest among researchers and practitioners, clear guidelines for organizing practice sessions have yet to be formulated. Magill (1992) has argued that the practice schedule research provides a knowledge base from which guidelines can be developed. This research, ongoing for over a decade, has compared the effects of practice schedules, which represent levels of contextual interference, on the performance and learning of motor skills. Predominately laboratory based, this research has produced an impressive set of findings (for a review, see Magill & Hall, 1990). However, replication of these findings in applied settings has been difficult, and questions regarding the applicability of contextual interference have been raised (Newel1 & McDonald, 1992).
Trans fatty acids and cardiovascular risk markers: does the source matter?

There is no doubt that trans fatty acids (TFA) in the diet, derived from partially hydrogenated oils, have an unfavorable impact on the serum lipoprotein profile. This has been demonstrated many times in carefully controlled dietary human intervention trials. The earlier studies were criticized, because of the unrealistically high intakes of TFA, but later studies examining lower intakes of TFA supported the earlier findings. Nowadays, it is generally accepted that compared with oleic acid, industrial TFA increases concentrations of LDL cholesterol, lipoprotein(a) [Lp(a)] and triacylglycerol and decreases that of HDL cholesterol [1,2]. These adverse effects on lipids were highlighted in prospective epidemiological cohort studies, showing that TFA intake is positively related to cardiovascular risk [3]. These findings have led to the reformulation of dietary guidelines in many countries endorsing that the intake of TFA from partially hydrogenated oils should be as low as possible. Typically, the upper bound of the recommended intake was set at 1% of energy. Also, in some countries, the content of TFA in foods and supplements now has to be labeled. As a result, many food manufacturers have reformulated their products and ingredients to minimize the TFA content. This has resulted in a reduction in the intake of TFA.