Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
DETERMINANTS OF EMPLOYEE JOB SATISFACTION: EVIDENCE FROM THE UNIVERSITY OF KARACHI, PAKISTAN

The study identified factors affecting employee job satisfaction in the University of Karachi. The research collected data using survey questionnaire consisting of twenty-nine questions. The study found that a generous rewards and compensation packages lead to job satisfaction and are affected by promotion and job security. Good working relationship with co-workers also contributes to employee job satisfaction. Also, it is found that good working environment also contributes to employee motivation, and is influenced by better facilities, and training and development. Finally, good supervision provides motivation that enhances the quality of output and employee performance. The findings are important, because it is well-established in the literature that job satisfaction and employee motivation play a major role in increasing productivity of employees and profitability of the organization.
GENERATION OF MCHERRYBODY: AN ANTI-TRANSFERRIN RECEPTOR ANTIBODY VARIABLE FRAGMENT LINKED BY THE MCHERRY FLUORESCENT PROTEIN

A facile generation of a recombinant antibody fragment with intrinsic fluorescent properties of the monomeric mCherry fluorescent protein is described. The so-called mCherryBody was designed based on the structure model of the variable fragment of anti-transferrin receptor antibody LUCA31 and the X-ray crystallographic structure of the mCherry protein. mCherryBody was constructed to retain optimal spatial geometry between the Cand Ntermini of the antibody light-chain (VL) and heavy-chain (VH) by mimicking the domains interface pairing in antibody Fab fragments and incorporation of the mCherry fluorescent protein as a bridging scaffold. The gene encoding the chimeric protein was cloned into the pJExpress414 expression vector, expressed and secreted into the periplasm of Escherichia coli NiCo21(DE3) for assembly and disulphide bond formation. Based on its amino acid sequence, mCherryBody was predicted to have a molecular weight of 51.46 kDa. The modular assembly used in the generation of mCherryBody may permit the interchange of binding sites and of fluorescent proteins to create robust panels of coloured antibody fragments. Thus, the mCherryBody platform facilitates rapid generation of colored single-chain variable fragment (scFv) chimeras that could be used for screening of antibodies against cell surface markers or receptors.
Amazon Rain Forest Succession: Stochasticity or Land-Use Legacy?

Land-use practices can dramatically shift the trajectories of rain forest recovery. In a 25-year study, Amazon rain forest regenerated following deforestation as long as seed availability and seedling recruitment were not interrupted. In contrast, rain forest converted to cattle pastures via cutting and burning prior to abandonment diverted succession, leading to highly simplified stands dominated by a single genus. Annual fires eliminated seedlings, saplings, coppice, and seeds in the soil, except for several Vismia species. Once established, Vismia regenerated by continual resprouting and resisted the establishment of other rain forest species, especially the normal suite of pioneers. Through time, succession both in abandoned clearcuts and pastures increased in stem density and biomass; however, species accumulation and ecosystem services were limited in pastures when compared with those in abandoned clearcuts. Therefore, prescribed burning to maintain pastureland leaves a legacy that is not readily extinguished, whereas abandoning clearcuts engenders an accelerated rain forest regeneration.
Antifungal activity of five different essential oils in vapour phase for the control of Colletotrichum gloeosporioides and Lasiodiplodia theobromae in vitro and on mango

Summary Mango fruit has high commercial value; however, major postharvest losses are encountered throughout the supply chain due to postharvest diseases. These results lead to the search for natural fungicide for postharvest diseases control. The antifungal effects of five essential oils (thyme, clove, cinnamon, anise and vitex) were assessed by disc volatilisation method. Thyme oil vapours at 5 μL per Petriplate, and clove and cinnamon oil at 8 μL per Petriplate showed 100% growth inhibition of mango pathogens in vitro. GC/MS analysis of essential oil showed thymol (23.88), o-cymol (23.88) and terpinolene (23.88) as the major constituents of thyme oil. Clove and cinnamon oils contain 3-allyl-2-methoxyphenol (37.42%) and benzofuran 3-methyl (17.97%), respectively. Thyme oil as a fumigant at 66.7 μL L−1 showed a significant (P < 0.05) inhibition on postharvest pathogens of mango fruits stored at 25 °C for 6 days. Results of our study suggest the possibility of using thyme oil as an alternate natural fungicide to manage postharvest diseases in mango.
Effects of topdressing with nitrogen fertilizer on wheat yield, and nitrogen uptake and utilization efficiency on the Loess Plateau

Studies from various countries show that topdressing with nitrogen fertilizer can effectively increase winter wheat grain yields. However, information on its effects on wheat yields on the Loess Plateau in China is scarce. Thus, we investigated yields, N concentration and uptake, nitrogen use efficiency (NUE), and partial factor productivity of nitrogen (PFPN) of winter wheat at a site on the Plateau in three consecutive years following four treatments: no N application; 150 kg N ha−1 and 46 kg P ha−1 applied as base dressing; 198 kg N ha−1 and 46 kg P ha−1 applied as base dressing; and 150 kg N ha−1 and 46 kg P ha−1 applied as base dressing + 48 kg N ha−1 applied as topdressing in the spring. Topdressing with N fertilizer resulted in significant increases in wheat yield, wheat biomass production, and N concentrations and uptake in wheat grain, straw, and chaff. PFPN was 6.9%, 15.2%, and 5.5% higher, and NUE 28.1%, 31.6%, and 12.5% higher, in the three years with top dressing than with base dressing alone. Topdressing N fertilizer for winter wheat is recommended on the Loess Plateau.
Earnings Announcement Premium and Information Ambiguity

In today's investment world there is emphasis on the role of accounting information. Behavioral factors always play an important role in financial markets. All investors are not rational and their demand for riskiness of assets is influenced by their beliefs and feelings. Optimism, pessimism, self-confidence, ambiguity-aversion, etc. help changing the manner of decision-making process over time. So, this study aimed at investigating the role of accounting information on investors’ ambiguity-aversion in economic environment of Iran. For this purpose, information about 120 companies listed in Tehran Stock Exchange during the period 2013 to 2017 was collected and analyzed. Multivariate regression models were used to analyze the data. The results show that earnings announcement premium for companies with high level of ambiguity, is more than for companies with low level of ambiguity. As a result, investors respond asymmetrically to good and bad news, and this asymmetry decreases with increasing of ambiguity level.
Some Practical Considerations in the Use of Rotenone in Fisheries Research

Although rotenone-containing compounds have been used in the eradication of fish populations since 1934 (Krumholz 1948a), it is only recently that research workers have been critical of the interpretation of the data on fish populations that stemmed from such studies. Ball (1948); Brown and Ball (1943a); Carbine and Applegate (1948); Carlander and Lewis (1948); Krumholz (1944); and others have shown that the entire fish population of a lake is seldom, if ever, completely recovered following the treatment of its waters with rotenone. Further, such terms as fish production, carrying capacity, standing crop, and others have been used synonymously in describing such populations. Clarke (1946) and Krumholz (1948b) have attempted to clarify such terminology for use in fishery work. There are many obstacles that confront the biologist who undertakes to annihilate and analyze the fish population of any body of water in nature. Some of the difficulties that are encountered are discussed below, based largely on our own personal experiences in the field over a period of years.
Developing a Conceptual Model of Learning Analytics in Serious Games for STEM Education

Utilizing serious games as teaching aid can stimulate students’ interest in learning and enhancing students’ understanding of STEM learning. The use of serious game on learning analytics for STEM learning provides assessment data to measure students’ performances and achievements of predefined learning outcomes. While numerous researches on learning analytic in serious games have been conducted, studies on their association with STEM learning are scarce. Past studies also indicate that teachers use serious games in teaching but yet to utilize serious games as assessment tools. This situation leads to the need of developing a conceptual model of learning analytics in serious games for STEM education (APPS-STEM). The conceptual model was initially developed through the focus group approach and literature review to examine the learning metrics of serious games, which is appropriate for STEM learning before being verified by experts. Based on the result from expert review, the conceptual model of APPS-STEM contains nine themes, namely effectiveness, problem-solving thinking and creativity, flexibility, key stakeholders, emotions, serious game design, curriculum profiles, learning profiles, and target user norms. This conceptual model is expected to serve as a guide for stakeholders to implement learning analytics in serious games design for STEM learning. Further study will be the development of serious game prototypes to determine the effectiveness of the APPS-STEM model in the STEM learning paradigm.
INFLUENCE OF FOOD ADEQUACY ON ENROLMENT IN ECE CENTRES IN TURKANA CENTRAL SUB COUNTY, TURKANA COUNTY, KENYA

Purpose: This study sought to establish the influence of SFP on children enrolment in early childhood education centers in Turkana Central Sub-County, Kenya. Specific objective was to establish the influence of food adequacy on enrolment in ECE centres in Turkana Central Sub County, Turkana County, Kenya. Methodology: The study was based on Maslow hierarchy of needs, the program theory and liberal egalitarian theory. The study used a mixed research method. The study adopted the cross-sectional research design. The target population was 250 schools, 78 teachers and head teachers and 5,000 parents in pre-schools in Turkana Central Sub County. The study used purposive sampling to select respondents. The sample size of the study was 150 schools, 60 teachers and head teachers and 357 parents. Primary data was gathered by use of questionnaires and interviews guides. Secondary data consisted of report forms of preschoolers. Quantitative information was analyzed using descriptive statistics which was computed using SPSS version 21. Qualitative data was analyzed using content analysis. Multiple regressions were done to analyze the influence of SFPs on children enrolment in ECDE centres in Turkana Central Sub County. Findings: The study found that food adequacy significantly and positively relate with children enrolment in ECE centres in Turkana Central Sub County, Turkana County, Kenya. Food adequacy had statistically significant effect of school enrolment in ECD (β = 0.415, P = 0.005). It implies that food adequacy significantly and positively relate with children enrolment in ECE centres in Turkana Central Sub County, Turkana County, Kenya. This implies that increasing food adequacy will lead to increase in children enrolment in ECE centres in Turkana Central Sub County, Turkana County, Kenya. Unique contribution to theory, practice and policy: The study therefore recommends the government to increase food supply to ensure adequacy. There is need to continue supply of balanced diet to children because it improves their growth and learning. Some of the children are from very poor families and during school holidays they suffer because of lack of food; the study therefore recommends orphans, poor and disabled to be fed even during holidays.
Suitable Combination Between Beauveria bassiana (Balsamo) Vuillemin and Four Plant Leaf Extracts to Control Spodoptera litura (Fabricius)

Lepidopteran pests such as S. litura might cause yield losses in many crops especially during pest outbreak. The combinations of microbial and botanical insecticides were expected to increase the effectivity in controlling the respected insect pest. This research aimed to evaluate the combination of plant extracts and B. bassiana to control S. litura. The compatibility of B. bassiana with different plant extracts such as Neem, Chinaberry, Mexican Sunflower and Lantana leaves was studied in the laboratory. The compatibility was evaluated based on B. bassiana colony growth, conidia density, conidia viability, and mortality of S. litura larvae. After 12 days after application (DAA), colony growth of B. bassiana was reduced by all plant extract treatments. For the mortality of S. litura, the combined mixture of B. bassiana and 0.25% Chinaberry extract resulted the maximum mortality rate (44%). After 12 and 15 DAA, the 0.25% Chinaberry showed the highest colony growth (3.93 and 4.37 cm). The most suitable treatment was B. bassiana with 0.25% Chinaberry that had the conidial density at 1.77 x 108 conidia/ml and conidial viability of 75.63% and can enhanced the mortality of S. litura larvae.
Organic vs Stimulant-Induced Psychosis in the Peripartum Period

This is the case of a 30-year-old pregnant female who presented to the medical emergency department with signs and symptoms consistent with a psychotic episode. At the time of presentation, the patient was noted to have paranoia and delusions focused on her current pregnancy. On further evaluation in the emergency department, the patient’s urine toxicology was found to be positive for methamphetamines. Following medical clearance, the patient was admitted for acute inpatient psychiatric stabilization. During hospitalization, her psychosis rapidly resolved with only the use of two emergency treatment injections containing antipsychotic medication. This case presents an interesting differential diagnosis between a brief psychotic disorder with peripartum onset and a substance-induced psychosis, and allows for further discussion in the differentiation and clinical treatment of these diagnoses.
Modificazioni anatomiche indotte da Xiphinema index e Meloidogyne incognita in radici di un ibrido di Vitis vinifera x V. rotundifolia

Tra Ie specie ongmarie del Nord America, Vitis rotundifolia Michx. e, secondo Olmo (1954), quella maggiormente dotata di resistenza in senso lato (tolleranza 0 immunita) ad una serie di fitofagi e di parassiti fungini ai cui attacchi, invece, V. vinifera L. soggiace. Molte di queste resistenze sembrano trasferibili agli ibridi di prima generazione (ibridi VR) di V. vinifera x V. rotundifolia ottenuti presso l'Universita di California, Davis (Olmo, 1971), i quali oltre che come produttori diretti sono gia stati utilizzati con successo come portainnesti resistenti alla fillossera (Phylloxera vitifoliae Fitch) (Davidis e Olmo, 1964). Di uno di essi (VR-e2) se n'e voluto pertanto saggiare il comportamento nei riguardi di popolazioni italiane di X. index e di Meloidogyne incognita (Kofoid et White) Chitw. in paragone con V. rupestris Scheele, specie notoriamente suscettibile ad entrambi i parassiti.
Dry matter and N contributions to the formation of sink size in early- and late-maturing rice under various N rates in central China.

Sink size with spikelets number (m -2 ) is one of the critical factors determining grain yield in cereals including rice. Nitrogen and dry matter are regarded as the two main factors controlling the formation of sink size and the objectives of present study were to examine the potential mechanisms underlying the difference in sink size between the late maturing YLY6 and HY3 an early maturing and drought resistant variety. The difference in the contribution of N and dry matter to the formation of sink size between the two varieties was also investigated. Growth duration of YLY6 was 20 days longer than of HY3. YLY6 produced significantly larger sink size than HY3 due to more secondary branches and spikelets, which resulted in higher grain yield for YLY6. Application of N fertilizer increased spikelets number for both YLY6 and HY3. Sink size of HY3 significantly correlated with N accumulation from mid-tillering (MT) to panicle initiation stage (PI) (R 2 =0.68) and N concentration in stem at PI (R 2 =0.74). However, for the late-maturing variety-YLY6, formation of sink size was more associated with biomass accumulation from PI-FL (flowering, R 2 =0.82). Both N and biomass accumulation significantly contributed to the difference in sink size between HY3 and YLY6, with R 2 of 0.45 and 0.84, respectively. Taken together, this study indicated that contribution of N and dry matter to the formation of sink size was different in rice varieties with different growth duration. © 2016 Friends Science Publishers
Protein Dysregulation in Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis

Honeybees di erentiate themselves from other insects due to their ability to practice advanced cognition. Scientists have determined this by studying honeybees’ process of “foraging”. Worker bees are able to communicate to other bees in the hive the distance and angle at which a food source is found. By being able to communicate the location of the food source, honeybees have proven to have advanced memory skills relative to other insects. Honeybees, unlike humans, do not have a hippocampus or a prefrontal cortex, so scientists believe that honeybees exhibit these higher cognitive functions through their Mushroom Bodies, which are bilateral anatomical structures that are packed with neurons.
Wearable Life: Translating Medicinal Plant Properties in Jewelry

The fields of art and science have always been in a tempestuous relationship, sometimes inspiring one another, other times completely opposing the other. Botanical knowledge of native plant species is disappearing as human development expands, and how this knowledge is obtained is just as equally becoming scarce. With the combination of jewelry-making techniques and plant identification, the properties of native Virginia plants and what medicinal benefits those plants have on the human body are showcased through aesthetic pieces of jewelry and botanical imagery that correspond to specific points on the human form. These pieces include each plant’s anatomy that frames an image of the plant. These images are fused to enameled metal, which is achieved through a technique of decal application on the enameled glass. The decal application process highlights an underexplored technique in metalsmithing that combines photographic images embedded into enameled metal. Choosing the medium of metalsmithing elevates each piece to a higher caliber of traditional interaction between artwork and viewer. This project asks the viewer to engage with each piece beyond the typical veil of artisanship, for each piece binds to the wearer in a naturalistically, intimate quality unseen before and tells the viewer to consider it without the constrains of conventional expectations. This series of wearable pieces incorporates the aesthetic appeal of the arts and the biological knowledge of the sciences that creates a bridging space that explores both artistic vision and scientific curiosity. 1 White: Wearable Life Published by JHU Macksey Journal, 2020
Fertiliser application affects susceptibility of chrysanthemum to western flower thrips – abundance and influence on plant growth, photosynthesis and stomatal conductance

Summary We report the influence of plant fertility, principally nitrogen (N) levels, on plant growth, gas exchange and herbivore abundance in chrysanthemum (Dendranthema grandiflora Tzvelev 'Charm') infested with western flower thrips [WFT; Frankliniella occidentalis (Pergande)]. Four levels of a commercial, soluble fertiliser "15-16-17" (elemental analysis: 15N-6.7P-14.1K) were tested at: 0,38,75 and 375 mg l-1 N [0N, 35N, 75N, 375N], which represented 0%, 10%, 20% and 100% of the recommended N-fertilisation rate, respectively. Adult and immature WFT were most abundant at the highest fertility level (375N). At moderate (38N and 75N) to high fertility (375N), WFT infestation depressed plant vegetative and reproductive growth, and altered carbohydrate partitioning. WFT-infested plants had reduced flower bud dry mass (DM) and flower bud number compared to uninfested plants. While WFT infestation reduced leaf area and leaf mass, the specific leaf area (SLA; i.e., leaf thickness) was not affected. However, high fertility plants had greater reproductive and vegetative biomass, greater leaf elemental levels (N, P, Ca, Mg, B, Fe, Mn, Cu and Zn) and a higher SLA (i.e., thinner leaves) than low fertility (0N) plants. Leaf stomatal conductance (gs) was more sensitive to WFT damage than net photosynthesis (Pn). WFT damage caused a reduction in Pn in young and physiologically mature leaves at the highest fertility level, whereas gs was reduced in young, physiologically mature and older basal leaves of plants damaged by WFT at moderate to high fertility. WFT infestation had no effect on leaf macro- and micro-elements, ethylene production or chlorophyll levels. WFT damage reduced vegetative and reproductive growth primarily through reduced Pn and gs.
Why Make Fat?: The Impact of de novo Fatty Acid Synthesis on Fat Storage, Reproduction, and Longetivy in C. elegans

Metabolic flux analysis allows for the understanding of how multiple pathways are integrated onto the core metabolism of an animal as it encounters different environmental and physiological challenges. Here, we have developed and implemented a stable 13C isotope approach in C. e/egans that allows us to monitor how the animals are utilizing their diet. This "mixed isotope" strategy can specifically quantify various aspects of fatty acid metabolism and can accurately determine whether the fats of the animals are absorbed directly from the diet or synthesized de novo. We have used this mixed labeling strategy to define how known fat storage genes, such as the insulin receptor, impact lipid metabolism pathways. In doing so, we have been able to establish that elevated de novo fatty acid synthesis is the main driver of fat accumulation in daf-2 animals. Additionally, this type of analysis allowed us to determine that the longevity and fat storage phenotypes of the daf-2 animals are separable. In addition, we have used this strategy to identify several novel regulators of de novo fatty acid synthesis. These regulators include oxidative phosphorylation and peroxisomal ~oxidation, which have not been previously implicated in the regulation of lipogenesis. In addition, we found that reproduction is also a key driver of de novo fatty acid synthesis as adult animals have significantly more synthesized fatty acids than their larval counterparts. Because reproduction requires a large amount of resources, we hypothesize that a lipogenic shift is an important component for successful progeny production and continued somatic maintenance. Finally, we have also found that RNAi of the fatty acid synthase gene results in a reduction in the adult lifespan indicating an important function for lipogenesis in the adult.
Interaction of Verotoxins with Glycosphingolipids

出血性大腸炎や溶血性尿毒症の主な原因である、腸内出血性大腸菌のベロトキシンは、サブユニットから成る毒素である。 そのBサブユニットは、細胞表面のグロボ系糖脂質に結合し、その結果、菌の感染スペクトラムを決定する。 ベロトキシンの結合には、末端Galα1-4Gal残基が必要である。 その脂質部分の構造を変えることにより、ベロトキシンの結合性に変化が認められ、化学的に修飾することで、糖鎖内部のGalα1-4Galをも、ある種の条件下で認識可能となることが、実験的に示されている。 従って、その認識する糖鎖の立体配置には、一定の柔軟性が認められよう。 ベロトキシン遺伝子の特定部位に突然変異を誘発することによる構造研究、アミノ酸残基の化学修飾、及び結晶構造の解析により、その糖脂質性受容体への結合に必須のアミノ酸が同定されている。 それと同様のアミノ酸配列が、哺乳類の細胞の膜タンパク質にも見出されていることから、そのようなタンパク質は糖脂質結合性という機能を有することが示唆される。 このようにベロトキシンは、細胞生理学の研究の有用なプローブ足りうるであろう。