Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
ConvergenceAnalysis of IteratedBestResponse for aTrustedComputationGame ?

We introduce a novel game of trusted computation in which a sensor equipped with limited computing power leverages a central computer to carry out a specified data processing task on a large dataset collected over time. In normal circumstances, the sensor would be able to stream the data to the central computer, which would then perform the computation and provide the result. We assume, however, that the central computer can be under attack and we propose a strategy where the sensor retains a limited amount of the data to counteract the effect of attacks. We formulate the problem within a game theoretic framework where the sensor needs to decide an optimal fusion strategy using both the non-trusted output from the central computer and locally stored trusted data. The sensor generates an estimate of the true computation that is fused with the value from the third-party computation. We adopt an Iterated Best Response (IBR) scheme for each player to update its action based on the opponent’s announced computation. At each iteration, the central computer reveals its output to the sensor, who then computes its best response based on a linear combination of its private local estimate and the untrusted third-party output. We characterize equilibrium conditions along with necessary and sufficient conditions for convergence of the IBR. Numerical results are presented showing that the convergence conditions are relatively tight.
IoT Security: Authenticated Lightweight Key Exchange (ALIKE)

– IoT security is becoming more and more important as the world relies on computer-based devices. One of the most considerable challenges in today’s world is having security and privacy for the Internet of Things (IoT). As of today, there are approximately eight billion IoT devices connected and by the early 2020’s it is estimated that there will be 3 to 4 times more IoT devices connected, in which, 25% of cyber-attacks will be targeting IoT devices. Manufacturers are racing to keep up with demands, unfortunately, these devices are equipped with poor security protections creating vulnerabilities. As the power of processors grow and computers become more powerful and efficient the improper security that IoT devices come with will not withstand cyber-attacks. This paper introduces Alike algorithm as a solution to provide lightweight security for IoT devices. In this paper, we will examine the performance analysis of Alike algorithm on a raspberry pi zero. This analysis includes the execution time, memory consumption, CPU utilization, and power utilization.
Volatility Timing in CPF Investment Funds in Singapore: Do They Outperform Non-CPF Funds?

The purpose of this study is to examine the volatility-timing performance of Singapore-based funds under the Central Provident Fund (CPF) Investment Scheme and non-CPF linked funds by taking into account the currency risk effect on internationally managed funds. In particular, we empirically assess whether the funds under the CPF Investment Scheme outperform non-CPF funds by examining the volatility-timing performance associated with these funds. The volatility-timing ability of CPF funds will provide the CPF board with a new method for risk classification. We employ the GARCH models and modified factor models to capture the response of funds to market abnormal conditional volatility including the weekday effect. The SMB and HML factors for non-US based funds are constructed from stock market data to exclude the contribution of the size effect and the BE/ME effect. The results show that volatility timing is one of the factors contributing to the excess return of funds. However, funds’ volatility-timing seems to be country-specific. Most of the Japanese equity funds and global equity funds under the CPF Investment Scheme are found to have the ability of volatility timing. This finding contrasts with the existing studies on Asian, ex-Japan funds and Greater China funds. Moreover, there is no evidence that funds under the CPF Investment Scheme show a better group performance of volatility timing.
MODIFIED RSA IN THE DOMAIN OF GAUSSIAN INTEGERS

The purpose of this paper is to extend the RSA public key encryption scheme from its classical domain of natural integers to the domain of Gaussian integers. Arithmetic needed for this modification is presented. The modified RSA algorithms are given. Proofs for the new method are provided. The computational procedures are described and illustrated in numerical examples. The advantages of new scheme over the classical are pointed out.
Phanerozoic Chronostratigraphy: Top-Down Instead of Bottom-Up Boundary Definitions

The GSSP method defines stage bases, and, where proximate, equates them to the bases of larger chronostratigraphic units. The Phanerozoic and its subdivisions above the stage level thus are only successively larger “pigeonholes” within which to bin stages. This reductionism trivializes chronostratigraphic boundaries larger than stage boundaries. A single set of standard global stages is an unworkable abstraction that should be abandoned because no stage can be correlated globally because of facies changes, taphonomic biases, and/or provincialism. Stratigraphers should return to a top-down chronostratigraphy that defines chronostratigraphic units larger than stages by significant natural events that can be correlated globally.
The Impact of Equity Pledge on Investment from the Perspective of Financing Constraints

Taking the GEM listed companies in 2014-2018 as the research object; the investment of such enterprises is generally limited by internal cash flow. Then analyzing equity pledge of controlling shareholders in enterprises with financing constraints, there is a positive relationship between the degree of financing constraints and the proportion of equity pledge. Finally, from the perspective of financing constraints, the regression model of equity pledge and investment is constructed. The results find that the behavior of equity pledge triggers short-term market value management and agency problems, which inhibits corporate investment thereby. In small-scale enterprises, most of the pledged funds are used by the controlling shareholders, rather than meeting financing needs. Therefore, the equity pledge increases the financing constraint, resulting in more serious underinvestment. Keywords—equity pledge; corporate investment; financing constraints
Chronic Lymphocytic Leukaemia: Proposals for a Revised Prognostic Staging System

In the past the clinical course of chronic lymphocytic leukaemia (CLL) has been considered to be highly variable primarily due to a lack of understanding of prognostic factors. In the mid-1’370s Rai et al (1975) developed a simple staging system based on easily obtainable clinical and haematological data. The validity of the Rai clinical staging classification to predict the expected duration of survival of CLL patients has been confirmed by a number of subsequent publications (Phillips et al, 1977; Binet et al, 1977; Dighiero et al, 1979; Santoro et al, 1979; Rundles & Moore, 1978; Montserrat et al, 1977). This staging system brought a new perspective to clinical investigations in CLL by allowing the study of groups of patients of similar life expectancy in more comparable therapeutic trials. With use, certain limitations of the staging system have been recognized. The major inadequacies that have emerged requiring a revision of the system include: (1) the use of too many clinical groups (stages) making the design of useful therapeutic trials more difficult; and (2) a lack of consideration for the role of isolated organomegaly (e.g. splenomegaly or hepatomegaly) without lymphadenopathy in estimating the clinical prognosis of patients. An international workshop on CLL met in Paris in November 1979 and data on 295 patients were presented (Binet et al, 1981). In a second meeting in Montreal in August 1980 data on a larger number of patients were pooled. The outcome of a multivariatc analysis of more than 900 patients demonstrated three patterns of survival curves and the analysis resulted in a proposal for a new staging classification of CLL. Patients with anaemia (Hb < 10 g/dl) and/or thrombocytopenia ( < 100 x 10y/l) were found to have the poorest prognosis and were to be called group C. The prognosis of the remaining patients (approximately 80% of all the patients) was found to depend on the number of clinically relevant areas involved. Clinical enlargement of the spleen, the liver, and of lymph nodes in the cervical, axillary and inguinal regions constituted * Sponsored by the French National Cancer League and the National Leukemia Association, Inc. (U.S.A.). Participants: A. AUQUIER, Paris, France; J. BENNETT, Rochester, New York, U.S.A. ; J.-L. BINET, Paris, France; K. BREMER, Essen, Germany; D. CATOVSKY, London, England; P. CHANDRA, Upton, New York, U.S.A. ; C. CHASTANG, Paris, France; E. P. CRONKITE, Upton, New York, U.S.A. ; G. DIGHIERO, Paris, France; D. A. G. GALTON, London, England; M. M. HANSEN, Copenhagen, Denmark; A. HUANG, Durham, N. Carolina, U.S.A. ; C. JACQUILLAT, Paris, France; E. MONTSERRAT, Barcelona, Spain; H. PIGUET, Rouen, France; K. R . RAI, New Hyde Park, New York, U.S.A. ; C. ROZMAN, Barcelona, Spain; W. RUNDLES, Durham, N. Carolina, U.S.A. ; A. SAWITSKY, New Hyde Park, New York, U.S.A. ; P. STRYCKMANS, Brussells, Belgium; C. SULTAN, Paris, France; M. WEIL, Paris, France. Correspondence: Dr A. Sawitsky, Long Island Jewish-Hillside Medical Center,. New Hyde Park, New York 11042, U.S.A.
Dynamics in Relativity is the Way to Quantum Theory

Equations of the critical curve are obtained by the nonzero energy integral variation in accordance with principles of the calculus of variations in mechanics. This method is compared with the Fermat’s principle and geodesics principle. The force vector acting on the photon in Schwarzschild space-time is found for the weak gravity and corresponds to photon’s gravitational mass equal to the twice mass of a material particle of the same energy. Compliance with the law of conservation of energy as a source of gravity leads to the presence of particles with negative gravitational mass and zero kinematic momentum in the results of the annihilation reaction. Accretion of matter onto compact stars results in their absorption of positive energy from the vacuum and the release negative energy in a free deep space. The particles with negative gravitational mass create there antigravitating vacuum with negative pressure. Extended Space Model (ESM) is a generalization of the special theory of relativity at a 5-dimensional space. Rotations in extended space correspond to the motion of a particle in gravity field in the embedded four-dimensional space-time. Within the framework of ESM the photons have a nonzero mass in a gravitational field. We study how a rotation in ESM agrees with photon dynamics in the Schwarzschild field. A non-conservation of energy in gravitational systems is interpreted by the ESM as the rotation of the energy-momentum vector in 5-dimensional space. The comparison bubble cosmic structures of a type gravastar with electron an estimate of its radius is made.
Prediction of Radiated EMI from Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor Based on Field-circuit Coupled Method

The Permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) has been widely applied in a pulse width modulation inverter-fed adjustable speed drive (ASD) system. However, the radiated electromagnetic interference (EMI) from PMSM are proved to be non-negligible by experiments in radiated emission test. Since numerical methods in time domain have advantages in calculation electromagnetic fields over those in frequency domain. To this end the field-circuit coupled finite integral method in time domain is highly suggested to evaluate the radiated EMI from PMSM. In this paper, a simplified 3D EMI model of PMSM is developed and the current of motor windings, as the supply sources of radiated fields, are obtained by measurement. Besides, the field-circuit coupled method is employed to estimate the radiated EMI from PMSM. The effectiveness of the developed methodology is verified by implementation of experiments and simulation results show acceptable agreement with the experimental results.
Hurricane Strikes Again! Forecasting Power Outages for Tropical Cyclones

Severe weather conditions such as hurricanes or tropical storms can damage critical infrastructure and power supplies. Power outages during natural disasters are a major concern to policy makers and responders, who make resource allocation decisions to alleviate the aftermath of such events. It is important when making informed real-time decisions before the storm that highly accurate forecasts of the severity and area of effect of power outages are available and updated as the storms move through regions. Real time forecasting at the county level will allow decision makers and emergency responders to focus their efforts in optimal locations. Forecasting one day ahead provides sufficient time while minimizing error. Many statistical methods have previously been applied to this problem including parametric (GLMs, GAMs) and nonparametric (BART, CARTs, Random Forest) using a wide range of predictors such as tree trimming practices and number of transformers per spatial element. Previous works have focused on a limited number of states and has often made use of proprietary information. Our approach expands on this by increasing the area of focus to include the entire eastern seaboard. In this article, we forecast one day ahead in near-real-time the number of tropical cyclone-induced county-level electrical outages in the Atlantic coast of the United States, using only publicly available data. We provide informative maps for predicting severity of a particular storm and conclude that the log ratio of average daily outages to historical median, as a response, provides the best predictive power among various output transformations.
Analysis of GSM Network for Different Transmission Powers

To set up the GSM mobile network the basic task is to analyze the effect of the transmission power on proposed network. This paper describes the GSM (Global System for Mobile Communications) network simulation for 4 users. The network is simulated in Qualnet Software. The paper shows the effect of transmission power on signal received, signal transmitted, channel assignment and location update. The frequency band of 900 MHz is used with two ray propagation model to simulate the network.
REEVALUATION ON AERODYNAMIC STABILITY OF STEEL BOX GIRDER

Since the serious corrosions on countermeasures for aerodynamic stability were found on the Tozaki viaduct, which was completed approximately 20 years ago, it is necessary to make the repair plan. In order to reduce the future maintenance cost, the reevaluation on aerodynamic stability of this bridge was conducted. As a result, it was clarified that the half of the original countermeasures have little effect on the aerodynamic stability of this bridge and those members were removed. Furthermore, it was also confirmed that there was no particular change of the dynamic characteristics of the girder before and after work the half removal of countermeasure.
Implementation of an immersed boundary method in spectral-element software

Implementation of moving and deforming boundaries within fluid solvers presents possibilities for the numerical analysis of fluid-structure interactions. This could lead to the optimization of many industrial phenomena, such as heat exchangers, tethered cylinders or many other applications where a moving body is present within a fluid. This paper focuses on the implementation of a numerical algorithm which will allow the simulation of moving boundaries and coupled fluid-solid interactions within a spectral element solver. To achieve this, a technique for the representation of a boundary in a fluid simulation that does not align with the computational grid, an immersed boundary method, has been applied. This allows the body the freedom to move without violating or requiring the adjustment of a traditional mesh. Details of the integration of the immersed boundary technique into a spectral-element fluid solver, which uses a backwards multistep method to evolve the solutions in time, is discussed. A two-dimensional test case, considering a cylinder in a cross flow which does not coincide with the mesh, was compared to a body fitted technique to ascertain the validity of the imposition of the immersed boundary condition of the current implementation. The technique produced good results, predicting the recirculation length behind the cylinder to 4.30% and 3.72% for the steady cases of Re = 25 and 30 respectively. Similarly, the prediction of the Strouhal numbers for the time-dependent cases of Re = 100 – 200 was computed to be within 2.2% of the body fitted case.
Rationale, baseline characteristics and methodology of the non-interventional VIVA study in postmenopausal osteoporosis

Summary Background It is important to understand compliance and persistence with medication use in the clinical practice of osteoporosis treatment. The purpose of this work is to describe the “intravenous ibandronate versus oral alendronate” (VIVA) study, a non-interventional trial to assess the compliance and persistence of osteopenic postmenopausal women with treatment via weekly oral alendronate or intravenous ibandronate (Bonviva®) every three months. Methods 4477 patients receiving ibandronate 3 mg i. v. quarterly and 1491 patients receiving alendronate 70 mg orally weekly were included in the study. Matched pairs of 901 subjects in each group were also generated. Matching was performed on the basis of age, body mass index, fracture history at study inclusion, prior treatment with bisphosphonates and the number of concomitant disorders. Secondary outcome measures of osteoporosis related fractures, mobility restriction and pain, analgesia, quality of life questionnaires as well as attitudes to medications were assessed. The primary outcome parameters of compliance and persistence will be tracked in these subjects. Results At baseline, the entire collectives differed significantly on body weight (less in ibandronate group), duration since osteo - porosis diagnosis (longer in ibandronate), and incidence of prior osteoporotic fracture (higher in ibandronate group). The matched-pairs differed only on mobility restriction and quality of life (both worse in ibandronate group). Conclusion The results from the VIVA study trial will provide scientific rationale for clinical recommendations in the pharmacological treatment of postmenopausal osteoporosis.
Magnetic Field Effects on Chemical Reaction of Power-Law Fluid over an Axisymmetric Stretched Sheet

Numerical investigation of the effects of magnetic field strength, thermal radiation, Joule heating, and viscous heating on a forced convective flow of a non-Newtonian, incompressible power-law fluid in an axisymmetric stretching sheet with variable temperature wall is accomplished. The power-law shear-thinning viscosity-shear rate model for the anisotropic solutions and the Rosseland approximation for the thermal radiation through a highly absorbing medium is considered. The temperature-dependent heat sources, Joule heating, and viscous heating are considered to be the source terms in the energy balance. The non-dimensional boundary-layer equations are solved numerically in terms of similarity variable. A parameter study on the boundary value of chemical reaction and Nusselt number is performed as a function of thermal radiation parameter, Brinkman number, Prandtl number, Hartmann number, power-law index, heat source coefficient, Brownian parameter, thermophoresis parameter, and the chemical reaction parameter. The results show that the chemical reaction parameter has an increasing effect on the chemical reaction boundary while the magnetic, thermophoresis, and Brownian effects decrease the rate of the chemical reaction at the boundary.
Author’s response to reviews Title: Co-mutations of TP53 and KRAS Serve as Potential Biomarkers for Immune Checkpoint Blockade in Squamous-Cell Non-small Cell Lung Cancer: A Case Report

Title: Co-mutations of TP53 and KRAS Serve as Potential Biomarkers for Immune Checkpoint Blockade in Squamous-Cell Non-small Cell Lung Cancer: A Case Report Authors: Cheng Fang (jsycqnfangcheng@126.com) Chu Zhang (zc.1988.ok@163.com) Wei-Qing Zhao (zwq7860@163.com) Wen-Wei Hu (huwenwei1979@163.com) Jun Wu (wujun68@sina.com) Mei Ji (jimei_90@126.com) Version: 1 Date: 29 Jul 2019 Author’s response to reviews:
A brief history of the Zapatista Army of National Liberation

November 17, 2013, marked the 30th anniversary of the formation of the Zapatista Army of National Liberation (EZLN), and on January 1, 2014 the EZLN celebrates 20 years since its first public appearance. As a form of tribute to the men and women who made that cry of ENOUGH (YA BASTA) echo worldwide, we want to present a series of installments which try to look at the history of the actors who linked together to give rise to the EZLN. To do this, various sources have been used, but especially the writings, interviews and communiqués that the neo-Zapatistas themselves have generated.
WordNet-based Document Summarization

This paper presents an improved and practical approach to automatically summarizing document by extracting the most relevant sentences from original document. This technique is proposed based upon Key Sentences using statistical method and WordNet. Experimental results show that our approach compares favourably to a commercial text summarizer, and some refinement techniques improves the summarization quality significantly. Key-Words: Document Summarization, Key Sentence, WordNet, POS, Semantic Similarity
ORDER PATTERNS RECURRENCE ANALYSIS OF ELECTROENCEPHALOGRAM DURING SEVOFLURANE ANESTHESIA

Characterizing the brain activity during anesthesia is considered a major challenge for researchers. The concentration-relevant effect of the sevoflurane is evaluated on EEG signals collected from 19 patients during a proscribed induction and recovery setup. Recurrence Quantification Analysis based on order patterns is employed to provide an index named order laminarity (OLAM) to evaluate changes in the neuronal system. This index computes the activity of a part of brain without considering the number or dynamical nature of the individual sources and signifies segments staying in the same phase space region for a short time. Pharmacokinetic-pharmacodynamic modeling and statistical features are used to assess the effectiveness of the OLAM index compared with response entropy index as implemented in the commercial Datex-Ohmeda Module. Both methods track the overall changes in EEG. However, the OLAM can be proficiently computed and is artifact resistant (standard deviation of 0.016 for OLAM relative to 0.02 for response entropy index). This measure as a neurophysiologic correlation of general anesthesia also reacts quicker to alternations in EEG signals during induction and correlates more powerfully with drug concentration (The prediction probability of 0.89 for OLAM is proportionate to 0.83 for response entropy). This examination exemplifies a crucial translational phase from the neuroscience of consciousness to more intricate monitoring of anesthetic effects in patients.