Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Maternal effects alter progeny ’ s response to disturbance and nutrients in two Plantago species 1700

V. Latzel (vit.latzel@ibot.cas.cz), Inst. of Botany, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Z á mek 1, CZ – 252 43 Pr ů honice, Czech Republic. – J. Klime š ov á and T. H á jek, Inst. of Botany, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Dukelsk á 135, CZ – 379 82 T ř ebo ň , Czech Republic. – S. G ó mez, Biology Dept, Tufts Univ., 120 Dana Building, Medford, MA 02155, USA. – P. Š milauer, Univ. of South Bohemia, Faculty of Science, Brani š ovsk á 31, CZ – 370 05 Č esk é Bud ě jovice, Czech Republic.
Sustainability-Related Decision Making in Industrial Buildings: An AHP Analysis

Few other sectors have such a great impact on sustainability as the construction industry, in which concerns over the environmental dimension have been growing for some time. The sustainability assessment methodology presented in this paper is an AHP (Analytic Hierarchy Process) based on Multicriteria Decision Making (MCDM) and includes the main sustainability factors for consideration in the construction of an industrial building (environmental, economic, and social), as well as other factors that greatly influence the conceptual design of the building (employee safety, corporate image). Its simplicity is well adapted to its main objective, to serve as a sustainability-related decision making tool in industrial building projects, during the design stage. Accompanied by an economic valuation of the actions to be undertaken, this tool means that the most cost-effective solution may be selected from among the various options.
Objects with Multiple Sonic Affordances to Explore Gestural Interactions

We present a family of sonic interactive objects called Stonic. They are designed to provide users with different affordances, i.e. action possibilities, associated to specific sound feedback. These objects are used in experimental studies to explore how augmented auditory feedback influences the object manipulation.We selected a set of basic interactions based on studies on the auditory perception of physical interactions producing sound, These interactions correspond to different ways of manipulating the objects, leading to a set of design. requirements. Twenty initial objects were made with acrylic resin and/or polystyrene. Each different shapes were tested in order to select a smaller number of objects affording a wide variety of actions. The selected shape were finalized using 3D printing and equipped with several sensors: Force-Sensing resistor (FSR), Piezos and an Inertial Measurement Unit. Specific software was made to enable real-time recognition of the different interactions and for the mapping of each actions to specific sound processes.
Restricted graphical log-linear models

We introduce a new type of graphical log-linear model called restricted graphical log-linear model. This model is obtained by imposing equality restrictions on subsets of main effects and of first-order interactions. These restrictions are obtained through partitions of the variable and first-order interaction sets. The vertices or variables in the same class have the same main effects in all their categories and the first-order interactions in the same class are equal. We study its properties and derive its associated likelihood equations and give some applications. A graphical representation is possible through a coloured graph.
Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory Recent Work Title Cosmological moduli problem in a supersymmetric model with direct gauge mediation Permalink

Recently, an interesting class of the direct gauge mediation supersymmetry (SUSY) breaking models are proposed, in which the minimum of the potential of the SUSY breaking field is determined by the inverted hierarchy mechanism. We consider their cosmological implications. In this class of models, SUSY breaking field has a very flat potential, which may have a cosmological importance. Assuming the initial amplitude of the SUSY breaking field to be of the order of the Planck scale, it can be a source of a large entropy production. A special attention is paid to the cosmological moduli problem, and we will see the cosmological mass density of the moduli field can be significantly reduced. This work was supported by the Director, Office of Energy Research, Office of Basic Energy Services, of the U.S. Department of Energy under Contract DE-AC03-76SF00098.
Improving productive efficiency of lactating buffaloes fed whole corn silage.

Sixteen lactating buffaloes weighed 600 kg in average and in mid-lactation period, were selected according to its lactation season (2 and 3 lactation seasons) and milk yield to study the effect of replacing nd rd whole clover and/or a part of concentrate feed mixture (CFM) with whole corn silage without or with some additives (yeast culture or chelated minerals) in dairy buffaloes rations on the performance of milk production. Animals were randomly assigned to four groups (four animals each) to evaluate the impact of feeding tested rations for three months on the milk production efficiency. Whole corn plants were chopped (1-1.5 cm) and ensiled in double-layer bags (150x75 cm) for 60 days. Chemical changes in silage during fermentation period were determined biweekly. The experimental rations were: G1 (control): 30 kg clover (5 % of live body weight) + CFM (1kg /1kg milk) + rice straw (ad lib.). G2: 15 kg whole corn silage (1 Kg silage = 2 Kg clover) + CFM (1kg /1kg milk) + rice straw (ad lib.). G3: 15 kg whole corn silage + CFM (0.75 kg /1 kg milk) + rice straw (ad lib.) + 15 g yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) /h. /d. G4: 15 kg whole corn silage + CFM (0.75 kg /1 kg milk) + rice straw (ad lib.) +10 cm biophos, (commercial 3 product as a source of chelated minerals) / 1L drinking water. Data indicated that silage reached pH 4 after 45 days fermentation period so, it could be suitable for practical feeding. The highest nutrient digestibilities were observed in animals fed G3 followed by those fed G4, G2 and then G1. The highest nutritive value as TDN was observed with G3 (70.91%) compared to 59.65, 65.21 and 67.95 for G1, G2 and G4, respectively. There was a significant increase in milk yield by 22.4 and 14.5% for G3 and G4 compared with G1, while, there was no significant difference between G1 and G2. The same trend was observed for fat, crude protein and solids not fat but these differences were not significant. So, it could be concluded that whole corn silage with either yeast or chleated minerals may replaced the all of clover and a part of concentrate feed mixture in dairy buffaloes rations.1
Wheelchair skill acquisition: motor learning effects of low-intensity handrim wheelchair practice

Rolstoelgebruikers zijn afhankelijk van hun bovenlichaam voor mobiliteit in het dagelijks leven. Maar, rolstoelrijden heeft een lage mechanische efficientie is belastend voor de schouder en overbelasting komt veel voor. Het doel van dit onderzoek is daarom bij te dragen aan kennis over en verbetering van het motorische leerproces en de rolstoelvaardigheden van rolstoelgebruikers, om zo mogelijk hun mobiliteit te vergroten en overbelasting te verminderen. De experimenten in dit proefschrift hebben laten zien dat personen door laag intensief zonder specifieke feedback te oefenen in staat zijn hun aandrijftechniek aan te passen en zo hun energieverbruik te verlagen. Extra aandacht is er hierbij voor de gevonden individuele verschillen tussen personen en het mogelijk belang van variabiliteit in de aandrijftechniek tijdens het oefenen. Bovendien blijkt uit verdere biomechanische analyse dat, in tegenstelling tot het verlaagde energieverbruik, de lokale belasting van het schoudergewricht tijdens het beginnende leerproces omhoog gaat. Deze ogenschijnlijke contradictie tussen systeem efficientie en lokale belasting behoeft toekomstig onderzoek, om te of naast het energieverbruik ook de schouderbelasting geminimaliseerd kan worden. Tot slot werd onderzocht hoe systematische evaluatie van aandrijftechniek in de praktijk zou kunnen worden gebruikt om tot meer ‘evidence-based practice’ te komen, om zo aanpassingen aan de rolstoel en trainingen voor de gebruiker beter te kunnen onderbouwen. Dit is van groot belang om de hele rolstoel/gebruiker combinatie beter te kunnen optimaliseren, zowel tijdens de klinische revalidatie als tijdens het dagelijks leven en aangepaste sport.
Herbal sensitivity of Pseudomonas bacteria isolated from cultured tilapia with useful applications in vaccine preparation.

The antibacterial activity of certain commercial antibiotics and common herbs was evaluated against pathogenic Pseudomonas fluorescens, Pseudomonas putida and Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolated from Malaysian and Egyptian cultured fish, mainly tilapia. A suspension of freshly cultured isolates was prepared (with 0.5 OD) and 100 μL of this suspension was spread over the Muller’s Hinton agar plates. The antibiotic discs were inoculated on each cultured plate while the herbal extracts were soaked on Whatman filter paper (20 μL each) that have been cut into discs and later inserted on to bacteria-cultured plates to screen their sensitivity to both antibiotics and herbs. Double-fold dilution was used to determine the Minimal Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) for the effective herbs at 100, 50, 25, 12.5 and 6.25%. Results revealed high resistance of the tested bacteria against most of the screened antibiotics except Ciprofloxacin. With regard to herbal sensitivity, only Origanum vulgare showed effectiveness and inhibition zone against all isolates. The MIC ranged from 15-40% for both Egyptian and Malaysian isolates. Thus, Origanum vulgare is recommended as a feed additive for cultured fish and can also be applied for inactivated and live-attenuated Pseudomonas vaccines’ preparation.
Preparation and characterization of quantum size zinc oxide: a detailed spectroscopic study

We report the synthesis of transparent colloidal suspensions of small zinc oxide particles in water, 2-propano1, and acetonitrile. Quantum (Q)-size effects are observed during particle growth and qualitatively interpreted by using a simple molecular orbital (MO) picture. The particles at the final stage of growth are approximately spherical in shape and consist of 2000-3000 ZnO molecules. They exhibit many of the photophysical properties of bulk zinc oxide. However, pronounced shifts in the absorption spectrum during the illumination of anoxic suspensions of ZnO reveal a distinctively different behavior of these small particles. Fluorescence spectra of the ZnO sols suggest that adsorbed electron relays are necessary to shuttle electrons from the conduction band into lower lying traps. Two fluorescence maxima are observed at the final growth stage of the ZnO particles. The bandgap fluorescence at 365 nm has an extremely short lifetime (τ < 100 ps), while the visible luminescence at 520 nm exhibits a slower biexponential decay (i.e., τ = 14 and 190 ns). The latter fluorescence is attributed to photogenerated electrons tunneling to preexisting, trapped holes. The low overall fluorescence quantum yield of Ф = 0.03 measured in these zinc oxide suspensions is indicative of radiationless transitions accompanying the emissions. A pronounced pH dependence of the Stern-Volmer constants obtained with various ionic substances, that effectively quench the 520-nm emission, is explained by specific adsorption to the charged particle surface. The zero point of charge (pH_(zpc)) of the aqueous colloidal suspension was determined to be 9.3 ± 0.2 by several independent methods.
Access to antiretroviral treatment in South Africa, 2004 - 2011

Background. South Africa’s National Strategic Plan (NSP) for 2007 - 2011 aimed to achieve new antiretroviral treatment (ART) enrolment numbers equal to 80% of the number of newly eligible individuals in each year, by 2011. Objectives. To estimate ART coverage in South Africa and assess whether NSP targets have been met. Methods. ART data were collected from public and private providers of ART. Estimates of HIV incidence rates were obtained from independent demographic projection models. Adult ART data and incidence estimates were entered into a separate model that estimated rates of progression through CD4 stages, and the model was fitted to South African CD4 data and HIV prevalence data. Results. By the middle of 2011, the number of patients receiving ART in South Africa had increased to 1.79 million (95% CI 1.65 - 1.93 million). Adult ART coverage, at the previous ART eligibility criterion of CD4 <200/μl, was 79% (95% CI 70 - 85%), but reduced to 52% (95% CI 46 - 57%) when assessed according to the new South African ART eligibility criteria (CD4<350/μl). The number of adults starting ART in 2010/11 was 1.56 times (95% CI 1.08 - 1.97) the number of adults who became ART-eligible in 2010/11, well in excess of the 80% target. However, this ratio was substantially higher in women (1.96, 95% CI 1.33 - 2.51) than in men (1.23, 95% CI 0.83 - 1.58) and children (1.13, 95% CI 0.74 - 1.48). Conclusion. South Africa has exceeded the ART targets in its 2007 - 2011 NSP, but men and children appear to be accessing ART at a lower rate than women.
A stochastic second-order generalized estimating equations approach for estimating intraclass correlation coefficient in the presence of informative missing data

Design and analysis of cluster randomized trials must take into account correlation among outcomes from the same clusters. When applying standard generalized estimating equations (GEE), the first-order (e.g. treatment) effects can be estimated consistently even with a misspecified correlation structure. In settings for which the correlation is of interest, one could estimate this quantity via second-order generalized estimating equations (GEE2). We build upon GEE2 in the setting of missing data, for which we incorporate a "second-order" inverse-probability weighting (IPW) scheme and "second-order" doubly robust (DR) estimating equations that guard against partial model misspecification. We highlight the need to model correlation among missing indicators in such settings. In addition, the computational difficulties in solving these second-order equations have motivated our development of more computationally efficient algorithms for solving GEE2, which alleviates reliance on parameter starting values and provides substantially faster and higher convergence rates than the more widely used deterministic root-solving methods.
RoboCupRescue-Robot League Team Team RFC Uppsala ( Sweden )

Savior Sphere is a semi-autonomous robot system based on an innovative spherical design. During one semester, twelve students have developed a wireless robot system for solving rescue tasks. The robot operates in disaster areas as a reconnaissance unit to explore an unknown and unsafe environment. Thanks to its spherical polycarbonated shell, the robot is able to sustain impact and does not get tangled in loose objects. An operator views a live video feed from the robot. At the same time the operator is presented with an automatically generated map of the surrounding area with indications of possible victims. This is accomplished by automatic fusion of data from dead reckoning, infrared, ultrasonic, CO2 and pyro-electric sensors. The locomotion system uses a pendulum which changes the center of gravity. To make the movement smooth, an automatic control system and predefined advanced maneuvers developed by reinforcement learning are used.
Inversive localization in noetherian rings

Now the process of forming fractions has been generalized to non-commutative rings in a number of ways. The simplest is Ore’s method (see e.g. [ Z ] ) , but this is of limited applicability. Another method, much studied lately, depends on forming injective hulls; it is usually expressed within the framework of torsion theories (cf. [6], [7], [l I]). It leads to a generalized quotient ring which reduces to Ore’s construction whenever the latter is applicable, and like the latter it is not left-right symmetric. We shall call this the injective method. A second way of generalizing Ore’s method is to invert matrices rather than elements. This allows one to obtain an explicit form for the quotient ring produced; unlike the injective method it leads to actual inverses and is left-right symmetric, but in general it is more difficult to determine the kernel of the canonical mapping. This may be called the inversive method; it is described in [3]. If instead of inverting matrices, we merely make them right invertible, we obtain an intermediate method, which may be called semi-inversive. I t is natural to try to apply these methods to obtain a non-commutative localization process. For a Noetherian (semi)prime ring, Ore’s method can always be applied to yield a (semi)simple Artinian quotient ring (Goldie’s theorem), but this is no longer so when we try to localize a t a prime ideal of a Noetherian ring. A number of ways of performing such a localization have 679 IV).
Chromosomal assembly and comparative analysis of the red fox (Vulpes vulpes) genome

In the early days of genomics, the development of a reference genome was an expensive, collaborative undertaking reserved only for traditional and popular model organisms; however, in a theoretical shift highlighted most clearly by the goals of the Genome 10K Project, the advent of next-generation sequencing (NGS) technology has resulted in a shift of focus towards the development of reference genomes for a variety of species less commonly studied. One nontraditional model organism selected as a priority species for the Genome 10K Project is the red fox (Vulpes vulpes), and specifically a fox from an experimental breeding project in which silver foxes (a melanistic variant of the red fox) have been selected over the past several decades to exhibit extreme behavioral phenotypes. The population consists of a strain of hyper-aggressive foxes and a strain of hyper-docile foxes, offering a model system through which the genetic underpinnings of behavior, as well as the genetic correlates of domestication, can be investigated. The draft red fox genome, which was developed at BGI, has a sequence depth of 94x and is assembled into 676,878 scaffolds with an N50 of 11.80 Mbp. However, in order for the reference genome to be integrated with previous work in the model system, it is necessary to understand the relationship between the scaffolds and the chromosomes they comprise. Therefore, the primary goal of the present study was to assemble the fox chromosomes from the scaffolds of the draft red fox genome assembly. The draft genome was first analyzed to detect bioinformatic errors known to occur in NGS-assembled genomes that might influence the integrity of the chromosome assembly. Based on these findings, the 500 largest scaffolds were assembled into the 17 fox chromosomes (16 autosomes and the X) based both on nucleotide-level synteny among the fox, dog, and cat identified through pairwise alignment of the reference genomes and on interspecies synteny reported in previously developed comparative maps. The result of the current analysis is the development of a new version of the red fox reference genome that will serve as a valuable tool in ongoing research by increasing the resolution at which mapping studies can probe the genetic architecture of complex behavioral phenotypes in the domesticated fox system.
Interactive comment on “Calcium phosphate formation due to pH-induced adsorption/precipitation switching along salinity gradients” by J. F. Oxmann and L. Schwendenmann

Comment 1: This paper presented interesting data for P speciation along salinity gradient in the Firth of Thames estuary and discussed the mechanisms controlling the P transformation and the effects of anthropogenic P inputs on P transformation – formation of less stable Ca-P. However I found that the paper could be better structured: there is a lot of redundancy in the paper, for example, some parts in the Results section can be moved to discussion (see specific comments). The discussion part is difficult to follow as a lot of less relevant information is presented but not really serves the arguments of the paper. I suggest the author better streamline the manuscript and keep focus on the central theme (see also specific comments below).
Choice experiments for quality and sustainability in seafood products: empirical findings from United Kingdom

There has been a growing interest in recent years in the potential use of product differentiation (through eco-type labelling) as a means of promoting and rewarding the sustainable management and exploitation of fish stocks. This interest is marked by the growing literature on the topic, exploring both the concept and the key issues associated with it. It reflects a frustration among certain groups with the supply-side measures currently employed in fisheries management, which on their own have often proven insufficient to counter the negative incentive structures characterising open-access fisheries. The potential encapsulated by product differentiation has, however, yet to be tested in the market place. One of the debates that continues to accompany the concept is the nature and extent of the response of consumers to the introduction of labelled seafood products. Though differentiated seafood products are starting to come onto the market, we are still essentially dealing with a hypothetical market situation in terms of analysing consumer behaviour. Moving the debate from theoretical extrapolation to one of empirical evidence, this paper presents the empirical results of a study undertaken in the UK. The study aimed, amongst other things. to evaluate whether UK consumers are prepared to pay a premium for seafood products that are differentiated on the grounds that the fish is either of (a) high quality or (b) comes from a sustainably managed fishery. The results are presented in this paper.
Attentional Factors Involved in Learning in the First Grade

In the school population, attentional problems are one of the most frequent causes of failure in learning; sometimes these take the form of a specific deficit and in other cases an attention disorder occurs in comorbidity with a learning disorder. It seems crucial to focus on what peculiar characteristics of attention are involved in basic learning in order to contribute to the diagnostic order and to arrange paths of development. This research aims to verify the weight of the different components of attention involved in the outcomes of the first stages of learning. A total of 69 children (34 males and 35 females, aged 6.4Â±1.1 years and 7.3Â±1.2 years respectively) in first grade, participated in the study. The results of the correlational analysis carried out show that there are specific significant relationships between the various components of attention and performance in reading, writing and calculation. In particular, visual attention appears to be the aspect most involved in the initial development of the learning of these three abilities. Factorial analysis shows a single factor involved in the learning of reading, writing and calculation: â€œRapid Visual Attentionâ€. The processes identified in the factor are: Selective Attention, Visual Selective Attention, Shifting Focus, Focused Attention, Planning and Inhibition. This factor is characterised by speed in Selective/Sustained Visual Attention and this explains the role of attention in success in reading, writing and calculation in the early stages of school learning. The Rapid Visual Attention Factor contributes to rapidity in reading, speed in writing and numerical knowledge in first grade children, confirming the causal relationship between visual attention and initial learning in this age group. This â€œRapid Visual Attentionâ€ Factor may be crucial in accounting for the comorbidity between Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder and Learning Disabilities.