Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Generation of Nondiffracting Bessel Beams Using a Spatial Light Modulator

A laser beam with phase singularities is an interesting object to study in optics and may have important applications in guiding atoms and molecules. Here we explore the characteristics of a singularity in a nondiffracting Bessel beam experimentally, using a programmable spatial light modulator with 64 level phase holograms. The diffraction efficiency using 64 level phase holograms is greatly improved over that obtained using a binary grating. The experiments show that the size and deflection angle of the beam can be controlled in real time. The observations are in agreement with scalar diffraction theory.
DISSOCIATION OF THE EYES IN SACCADIC MOVEMENT

In horizontal saccades, abduction and adduction are not conjugate. Abduction starts shortly before adduction and reaches the turning point shortly after abduction. The duration in binocular recording is much shorter than in monocular recordings. The abducting eye has a tendency to move gradually on the new target. The adducting eye has, on the contrary, a tendency to overshoot. The characteristics of quick phases of horizontal optokinetic nystagmus, in which both eyes jump disconjugately to the new target, are similar to those of horizontal saccades. The main cause of this disparity may be a difference in neural mechanisms between abduction and adduction. Vertical saccades are not disconjugate.
Fuzzy adaptive robust fault-tolerant control for uncertain nonlinear systems based on small-gain approach

In this paper, fuzzy adaptive robust control approaches and fault-tolerant algorithms are proposed for single-input-single-output (SISO) nonlinear systems with the nonlinear uncertainties, actuators faults, unmodeled dynamics and dynamic uncertainties. The unknown nonlinear functions are not linearly parameterized and have no prior knowledge of the bounding. Fuzzy logic systems are used to approximate the nonlinear uncertainties and the unknown fault function and by combining backstepping technique with a small-gain approach, a stable fuzzy adaptive backstepping robust fault-tolerant control has been proposed. It is proven that the proposed fuzzy adaptive control approach can guarantee that all the solutions of the closed-loop systems are semi-globally uniformly ultimately bounded. The effectiveness of the proposed approach is illustrated form simulation results.
Spécificité identitaire, usage du vécu partagé et exercice contemporain de la psychoéducation

À propos de l’identité professionnelle, Vilbrod (2003) soutient que toute spécificité ne peut se révéler intemporelle et résulte de compromis rendus nécessaires par l’évolution des contextes sociétal et communautaire. Dans ce texte, les auteurs montrent que le vécu partagé, tel que conçu initialement, ne constitue plus le socle de l’intervention psychoéducative. Ils affirment que la spécificité de la psychoéducation reposerait actuellement sur un ensemble de concepts fondamentaux, au lieu du seul vécu partagé. Or, l’Ordre des psychoéducateurs et psychoéducatrices du Québec (OPPQ 2010, 2011a), définit la profession du psychoéducateur sur la base d’un accompagnement effectué dans un contexte de vécu partagé, au moyen d’activités quotidiennes ou d’activités spécifiquement planifiées, ce qui correspond à la définition initiale (traditionnelle) du vécu partagé (Gendreau, 2001; Renou, 2005, 2014). La question à l’étude est la suivante : dans quelle mesure le vécu partagé est-il encore de nos jours le fondement de la spécificité identitaire des psychoéducateurs? Deux objectifs sont poursuivis : 1) Faire état de l’usage que les psychoéducateurs font du vécu partagé dans le cadre de leurs activités professionnelles. 2) Établir dans quelle mesure la définition de la profession statuée par l’OPPQ demeure représentative de la pratique contemporaine de ses membres. Les résultats révèlent que le psychoéducateur fait très peu usage du vécu partagé. Il considère qu’il est en vécu partagé tout autant avec un intervenant qu’avec un usager. Définir la profession du psychoéducateur dans son rapport à la notion de vécu partagé, tel que défini traditionnellement, est en discordance avec l’exercice contemporain de la psychoéducation.
Combined loss of PTEN and p27 expression is associated with tumor cell proliferation by Ki-67 and increased risk of recurrent disease in localized prostate cancer.

PURPOSE Recent experimental work indicates a major role for PTEN and p27 in prostate cancer. The combined loss of PTEN and p27 was found to strongly increase the development of prostatic carcinomas in an animal model, and a prognostic value in human tumors was postulated. The purpose of our study was to examine the impact of PTEN and p27 on prognosis in a series of prostate cancer patients, using high-density tissue microarray technology for expression profile analysis of PTEN, p27, and tumor cell proliferation. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN The expression of PTEN and p27 was examined in primary prostatic carcinomas from 104 patients treated with radical prostatectomy and with complete follow-up available. Using high-throughput tissue microarrays, the expression of PTEN and p27 was examined by immunohistochemistry, and the results were related to clinicopathological variables, tumor cell proliferation (Ki-67), and time to disease progression. RESULTS PTEN was negative in 28 of 103 tumors (27.2%), and median p27 expression was 64%. Combined loss of PTEN and p27 expression defined a group of 18 tumors (17.5%) associated with increased tumor diameter, seminal vesicle invasion, increased pathological stage, and elevated tumor cell proliferation by Ki-67. Cox regression analysis revealed that loss of PTEN/p27 expression and histological grade were both independent predictors of time to biochemical failure and clinical recurrence. CONCLUSIONS Our findings strongly support the importance of PTEN and p27 for the progression of human prostate cancer because loss of PTEN/p27 expression was associated with adverse pathological parameters, tumor cell proliferation, and increased risk of recurrence.
Analysis of Sec22p in endoplasmic reticulum/Golgi transport reveals cellular redundancy in SNARE protein function.

Membrane-bound soluble N-ethylmaleimide-sensitive factor attachment protein receptor (SNARE) proteins form heteromeric complexes that are required for intracellular membrane fusion and are proposed to encode compartmental specificity. In yeast, the R-SNARE protein Sec22p acts in transport between the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and Golgi compartments but is not essential for cell growth. Other SNARE proteins that function in association with Sec22p (i.e., Sed5p, Bos1p, and Bet1p) are essential, leading us to question how transport through the early secretory pathway is sustained in the absence of Sec22p. In wild-type strains, we show that Sec22p is directly required for fusion of ER-derived vesicles with Golgi acceptor membranes. In sec22Delta strains, Ykt6p, a related R-SNARE protein that operates in later stages of the secretory pathway, is up-regulated and functionally substitutes for Sec22p. In vivo combination of the sec22Delta mutation with a conditional ykt6-1 allele results in lethality, consistent with a redundant mechanism. Our data indicate that the requirements for specific SNARE proteins in intracellular membrane fusion are less stringent than appreciated and suggest that combinatorial mechanisms using both upstream-targeting elements and SNARE proteins are required to maintain an essential level of compartmental organization.
Patterns and co morbidity of attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder among school children in Khartoum state-Sudan

Background: Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is a neurodevelopmental childhood disorder characterized by inappropriate poor attention span or age-inappropriate features of hyperactivity and impulsivity and/or both. The aim of this study is to estimate the prevalence of attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder among Sudanese schools children to explore the comorbid conditions with ADHD and to identify the associated factors. Methods: 1200 students (boys and girls) of the age range of 7-14 years were randomly selected out of 75003 total number of students enrolled in 190 general basic schools in Khartoum State. Using SNAP-IV-C teacher and parent rating scale, which is a revision of the Swanson Nalon and Pelham (SNAP) questionnaire. Screening for attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, which is a triad of inattention, hyperactivity and impulsivity. Results: The total (the overall) prevalence in this study for both parents and teachers scale for inattentive, impulsive and or both subtypes are 9.4 %. And the prevalence of (ODD) among students who had ADHD, both inattentive and impulsive symptoms in both settings is 2.3%. Conclusion: The study showed the prevalence of ADHD symptoms among school children in Sudan was high in both settings, teacher and parent. ADHD symptoms are more common among boys than girls and more prevalent among late childhood.
Dapsone in Allergic Vasculitis: Its Use in Henoch-Schönlein Disease following Vaccination 1

Mohandas et al. 1978). Robson et al. (1981) described two cases where Aspergillus involving the paranasal sinuses spread to the base of the skull. Rarely, aspergillosis may be limited to the brain (Linares et al. 1971, Bhalla et al. 1980). Where this is so, the granulomata are most commonly found in the frontal lobes, which suggests spread from the nose or paranasal sinuses. ' There are two main types of Aspergillus infection of the paranasal sinsuses (Young et al. 1970). One is most commonly found in hot, dry climates such as in the Sudan (Milosev et al. 1969, Mohandas et al. 1978). It is commonest in female subjects and A. flavus is the usual species. Invasion of surrounding structures is not uncommon. The second type is commonest in temperate climates and may be diagnosed accidentally when antral washings are cultured; in these cases A. fumigatus is the commonest species (Sandison et al. 1967). The infection is rarely invasive or progressive. The prognosis with surgery is unpredictable. Some subjects have died within hours of surgery, probably as a result of the release of endotoxins with resultant anaphylaxis. Others have died later from widespread aspergillosis presumably a consequence of the surgery itself. The appearance of a solitary aspergilloma. in this patient without evidence of unde~lym.g disease, immunodeficiency or aspergillosis elsewhere is remarkable.
Análisis Numérico De Diferentes Criterios De Similitud En Algoritmos De Clustering.

En el presente trabajo se analizan diferentes metodologias y criterios para realizar analisis de agrupamiento sobre datos multivariados. El analisis de agrupamiento tiene por objetivo formar grupos de elementos, de manera tal que los pertenecientes a un mismo grupo sean parecidos entre si y distintos a los miembros de los restantes grupos. Se describen consideraciones para los dos grandes tipos de metodos: jerarquicos y de particion. Los primeros proveen una estructura de grupos a diferentes niveles de granularidad segun su nivel de similitud, mientras que los segundos dividen el conjunto muestral en grupos internamente homogeneos. En el caso de los metodos jerarquicos, se analiza en detalle las diferentes medidas de asociacion y distancia utilizadas por el metodo, asi como tambien el ligamiento usado para recalcular las distancias. La eleccion del indice de distancia es de suma importancia, dado que esta medida define el criterio por el cual dos elementos son considerados semejantes. Para los metodos de particion, se analizan las medidas de homogeneidad que definen la seleccion de los elementos dentro de cada grupo. Nuestra propuesta tiene como objetivo, a mediano plazo, definir caracteristicas comunes en los elementos, que nos permitan trabajar con modelos de prediccion de propiedades fisicoquimicas, de manera que cada uno de los modelos difiera acorde al grupo sobre el cual fue clasificado. En particular para este trabajo nuestros experimentos se aplicaron sobre informacion multivariada de compuestos quimicos para prediccion de la propiedad logP (grado de hidrofobicidad de una sustancia). La tecnica empleada en la prediccion fueron redes neuronales y su validacion fue realizada con otro conjunto de datos sin entrenar. Finalmente, se analiza la importancia de la justificacion e interpretacion de la clasificacion seleccionada, asi como tambien del grado de similaridad que cada grupo presenta
Breastfeeding and the Risk of Malaria in Children Born to HIV-Infected and Uninfected Mothers in Rural Uganda

Background:Early cessation of breastfeeding increases morbidity and mortality of children born to HIV-infected mothers in resource-limited settings. However, data on whether breastfeeding reduces the risk of malaria in HIV-exposed and HIV-infected children is limited. Methods:We prospectively followed 99 HIV-unexposed children, 202 HIV-exposed children, and 45 HIV-infected children in a high malaria transmission area in Uganda. All children were given insecticide-treated bednets. HIV-exposed and HIV-infected children were given trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole prophylaxis. Malaria diagnosis was based on fever and a positive blood smear. Date of breastfeeding cessation was determined through monthly questionnaires. Associations between breastfeeding and the risk of malaria were modeled through binomial generalized estimating equations using multivariate analysis adjusting for repeated measures, age, and location of residence. Analyses were stratified according to mothers' and children's HIV status. Results:Breastfeeding was associated with a significantly lower risk of malaria in 6-15 months old HIV-exposed children (relative risk [RR] = 0.62; P = 0.008) and 6-15 months old HIV-infected children (RR = 0.31; P = 0.002). However, breastfeeding was not protective against malaria for >15-24 months old HIV-unexposed (RR = 1.14; P = 0.21) or >15-24 months old HIV-infected children (RR = 1.11; P = 0.75). Conclusions:HIV-infected mothers should be counseled about the importance of breastfeeding and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole prophylaxis to protect their young children and themselves against malaria.
A sharp form of the Virial theorem

In its classical form the Virial Theorem concerns the behavior of a system S of n mass particles acting under Newtonian attraction in such a fashion that the center of mass 0 remains fixed and the potential energy V satisfies V> — <*> for all positive time t. The latter condition, which is not always stated explicitly, guarantees the analyticity of the coordinates of the particles in the independent variable t\ in particular, it excludes collisions [2, pp. 324 ff. ]. Let T denote the kinetic energy and h the (constant) total energy T+V. Let f denote the time average
Risks of common complications in deep brain stimulation surgery: management and avoidance.

OBJECT Deep brain stimulation (DBS) surgery is increasingly prominent in the treatment of various disorders refractory to medication. Despite the procedure's efficacy, the community at large continues to be hesitant about presumed associated risks. The main object of this study was to assess the incidence of various surgical complications occurring both during and after DBS device implantation in a large population of patients with movement disorders in an effort to better quantify patient risk, define management plans, and develop methods for risk avoidance. A second aim was to corroborate the low procedural complication risk of DBS reported by others, which in light of the procedure's efficacy is needed to promote its widespread acceptance. METHODS All patients who had undergone new DBS device implantation surgery between 2002 and 2010 by a single surgeon were entered into a database after being verified by cross-referencing manufacturer implantation records. All surgical records and charts were reviewed to identify intraoperative, perioperative, and long-term surgical complications, including any characteristics predictive of an adverse event. RESULTS Seven hundred twenty-eight patients received 1333 new DBS electrodes and 1218 new internal pulse generators (IPGs) in a total of 1356 stereotactic procedures for the treatment of movement disorders. Seventy-eight percent of the patients had staged lead and IPG implantations. Of the 728 patients, 452 suffered from medically refractory Parkinson disease; in the other patients, essential tremor (144), dystonia (64), mixed disease (30), and other hyperkinetic movement disorders (38) were diagnosed. Severe intraoperative adverse events included vasovagal response in 6 patients (0.8%), hypotension in 2 (0.3%), and seizure in 2 (0.3%). Postoperative imaging confirmed asymptomatic intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) in 4 patients (0.5%), asymptomatic intraventricular hemorrhage in 25 (3.4%), symptomatic ICH in 8 (1.1%), and ischemic infarction in 3 (0.4%), associated with hemiparesis and/or decreased consciousness in 13 (1.7%). Long-term complications of DBS device implantation not requiring additional surgery included hardware discomfort in 8 patients (1.1%) and loss of desired effect in 10 (1.4%). Hardware-related complications requiring surgical revision included wound infections in 13 patients (1.7%), lead malposition and/or migration in 13 (1.7%), component fracture in 10 (1.4%), component malfunction in 4 (0.5%), and loss of effect in 19 (2.6%). CONCLUSIONS The authors confirmed that the overall risk of both procedure- and hardware-related adverse events is acceptably low. They offer advice on how to avoid the most common complications.
Fully integrated PVT detection and impedance self-calibration system design

The paper presents a fully integrated PVT variation detection and on-die resistance calibration system for high-speed applications. The proposed system separately measures and compensates the MOS device resistance deviation due to process, voltage and temperature variation. Temperature detection is performed in a range of -40°C to 125°C independently from supply voltage variations. Logic block of mixed-signal system automatically starts MOS resistance calibration process when PVT variation is detected. The design is implemented in 28nm CMOS process. The presented compensation method can be used in the I/O circuits of such standards as DDR (Double Data Rate), USB (Universal Serial Bus), PCI (Peripheral Component Interconnect), etc.
PART OF A SPECIAL ISSUE ON PLANT NUTRITION A mechanistic model for understanding root-induced chemical changes controlling phosphorus availability

†Background and Aims Plant nutrition models do not properly account for the effects of root-induced chemical changes in the rhizosphere, e.g. pH changes, on the availability of nutrients such as phosphorus (P). As a result, they underestimate the actual P uptake, i.e. P bioavailability to the plant, in low-P soils. The present study aims at simulating root-induced chemical mechanisms controlling P nutrition in a P-limited soil. †Methods In this work a mechanistic description for the adsorption of cations and anions by soil constituents (1pK-Triple Plane Model, ion-exchange and Nica–Donnan) was used to simulate changes induced by durum wheat (Triticum durum turgidum) in the P availability of the soil, as measured by water and CaCl2 extraction. Calcium (Ca) availability was also measured and simulated. †Key Results The simulations were found to be in close agreement with experimental data. In the rhizosphere, the goodness-of-fit required to account for the measured uptake of Ca by plants, in addition to the measured uptake of P and root-induced alkalization, were satisfactory. Calcium uptake significantly increased P availability, as assessed through water extraction, by decreasing the promoting effect of Ca adsorption on P adsorption. The study thus enabled P and Ca availability to be related to their bioavailability for durum wheat under experimental conditions. It was also shown that P was primarily adsorbed onto Fe oxides and clay minerals (kaolinite and illite) depending on soil pH. The major source of P for durum wheat nutrition was P desorbed from goethite and kaolinite. †Conclusions In addition to confirming the validity of our approach to model P availability, the present investigation suggested that in the studied soil, a novel root-induced chemical process was controlling P nutrition under P-deficient conditions, namely the uptake of Ca.
Neoadiuvant Treatment With Intravesical Interleukin-2 for Recurrent Superficial Transitional Bladder Carcinoma Ta-T1/G1-2

The aim of this study was to evaluate the direct action of IL-2 on recurrent superficial transitional bladder carcinoma and the effect on recurrence rate. 27 patients were submitted to neoadjuvant treatment by intra-vesical instillation of recombinant IL-2 and to transurethral resection. We did not observe any effect on neoplasms but the recurrence rate was less than the expected one. It is possible that treatment of bladder carcinoma with intra-vesical instillation of IL-2 may promote immuno-prophilaxis.
Industrial Robot : An International Journal Research on a mobile manipulator for biochemical sampling tasks

Purpose The paper intends to present a tracked robot comprised of several biochemical sampling instruments and a universal control architecture. Meanwhile, a dynamic motion planning strategy and autonomous modules in sampling tasks are designed and illustrated at length. Design/methodology/approach Several sampling instruments with position tolerance and sealing property are specifically developed, and a ROS-based (Robotic Operation system) universal control architecture is established. Then based on the system, two typical problems in sampling tasks, i.e., arm motion planning in unknown environment and autonomous modules, are discussed, implemented and tested. Inspired by the idea of GPC (Gaussian Process Classification) and GP information entropy, 3D geometric modeling and arm obstacle avoidance strategy are implemented and proven successfully. Moreover, autonomous modules during sampling process are also discussed and realized. Findings Smooth implementations of the two experiments justify the validity and extensibility of the robot control scheme. Furthermore, the former experiment proves the efficiency of arm obstacle avoidance strategy, while the later one demonstrates the time reduction and accuracy improvement in sampling tasks as the autonomous actions. Practical/implications The proposed control architecture can be applied to more mobile and industrial robots for its feasible and extensible scheme, and the utility function in arm path planning strategy can also be utilized for other information-driven exploration tasks. Originality/value Several specific biochemical sampling instruments are presented detailedly, while ROS and Moveit! are integrated into the system scheme, making the robot extensible, achievable and real-time. Based on the control scheme, an information-driven path planning algorithm and automation in sampling tasks are conceived and implemented.
Capital and Value of Risk Transfer

Classical capital market theory gives little room for corporate insurance and reinsurance. Refinements to that theory are showing that there is a cost to bearing firm-specific risk, and a value to controlling such risk. This appears to be particularly the case for insurers. As part of an ongoing study of the market-value impact of insurer financial strength, we survey some of the literature in this area. Kenneth A. Froot, Andre R. Jakurski Professor of Business Administration, Harvard Business School, Boston, MA 02163 +1-617-495-6677 www.people. hbs.edu/kfroot/ Gary G. Venter, Guy Carpenter, One Madison Avenue, New York NY USA 10010 +1-917-937-3277 gary.g. venter@guycarp.com John A. Major, Guy Carpenter, One Madison Avenue, New York NY USA +1-860-658-4129 John.A. Major@guycarp.com