Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Study of Horizontally Polarized Omnidirectional Microstrip Antenna Arrays

This paper presents two microstrip antenna arrays for horizontally polarized (HP) omnidirectional application, namely rectangular patch antenna array and H-shaped patch antenna array. There are eight patch elements placed with back-to-back structure, four patch elements on each side. Antenna arrays are fed by a split eight power divider. The H-shaped patch antenna array has better omnidirectional performance than rectangular patch antenna array. The H-shaped antenna array is fabricated and measured. Both simulated and measured results show that the bandwidth of the designed H-shaped antenna array is 36 MHz with a center frequency 2.35 GHz. Horizontally polarized gains are greater than 7 dBi over the resonant band (S11 < −10 dB), while the cross-polarization level is less than −25 dB. The proposed H-shaped antenna array has high directivity (half-power beam-width is only 20 deg) and good omnidirectional performance (gain variation less than 1.5 dBi) at the center frequency.
Demo Abstract : Service-Oriented Future Internet Architecture ( SOFIA )

In this demo, we introduce SOFIA, a Service-Oriented Future Internet Architecture. SOFIA introduces a service layer as the thin waist of the protocol stack and includes a series of new mechanisms such as service migration, service label/location separation, service authentication. Therefore, our new architecture can significantly improve the efficiency of the service transmission, better support terminal/network mobility and facilitate security at the service level. We implemented SOFIA on common PCs as well as on our programmable virtual router platform. Results show that SOFIA properly meets the developing trends of the future Internet, significantly improving the efficiency of services and quality of user experiences.
A revised model for lipid‐normalizing δ13C values from aquatic organisms, with implications for isotope mixing models

1. Stable isotope analyses coupled with mixing models are being used increasingly to evaluate ecological management issues and questions. Such applications of stable isotope analyses often require simultaneous carbon and nitrogen analyses from the same sample. Correction of the carbon isotope values to take account of the varying content of 13 C-depleted lipids is then frequently achieved by a lipid-normalization procedure using a model describing the relationship between change in δ 13 C following lipid removal and the original C:N ratio of a sample. 2. We evaluated the applicability of two widely used normalization models using empirical data for muscle tissue from a wide range of fish and for aquatic invertebrates. Neither normalization model proved satisfactory, and we present some modifications that greatly improve the fit of one of the models to the fish muscle data. For invertebrates we found no clear relationship between change in δ 13 C following lipid removal and the original C:N ratio. 3. We also examined the effect of lipid-normalization on the output of a mixing model designed to calculate the proportional contribution of prey items to the diet of a consumer. Mixing model output was greatly influenced by whether prey or consumer values alone or together were lipid-normalized and we urge caution in the interpretation of results from these models pending further experimental evidence. 4. Synthesis and applications . We describe a revised lipid-normalization model that should be applicable to a wide range of marine and freshwater fish species in studies applying stable isotope analyses to ecological management issues. However, we strongly advise against applying these kinds of lipid-normalization models to aquatic invertebrate data. The interpretation of outputs from mixing models is greatly influenced by whether the carbon isotope data have been lipid-normalized or not.
Brain Evolution Relevant to Language

The evolution of language obviously presupposes a brain that made language possible. At the same time, given the fundamental importance language has to the human condition, a critical driving force of the evolution of the human brain must have been language. Given that language is at least as much a cultural/behavioral phenomenon as it is a biological one, it is clear that language has adapted itself to the human brain as much as the human brain has adapted itself to language (Christiansen 1994). This view suggests a coevolutionary process in which both language and brain evolved to suit each other (Deacon 1992). One important window into language evolution therefore involves the study of how our brain changed over our evolutionary history. Our understanding of exactly what changes occurred is derived from research highlighting the ways in which our brains differ from those of our closest primate relatives. The details surrounding the evolutionary timing of most of these changes (what occurred when) are not known with a great degree of confidence, however, because brains do not directly fossilize, and we are left trying to infer neural structure of fossil hominids solely by studying the inside surface of the braincase (‘endocast’). The present article will focus instead on specific differences between our brains and those of other primates that appear to be most relevant to the evolution of language. An understanding of these changes provides an important
ERP Implementation Success Factors in Saudi Arabia

A review of the literature on successful implementation of ERP reveals that there are many case studies undertaken by researches, but very few have empirically examined the success factors of ERP implementation. While most of those empirical studies were undertaken in Western countries, very few had examined the implementations in Middle Eastern countries and none in Saudi Arabia. Factors and challenges of ERP implementation in developing countries differ from those of Western countries. Hence a gap in the literature that examines Middle Eastern countries exists. This study is motivated to fill such gap by going beyond case study and boundaries of Western counties to empirically examine the determinants of successful ERP implementation in Saudi Arabia. The main purpose of this study is to examine the influence of some critical factors on successful implementation of ERP.
Quantifying the Effects of New Product Development: The Case of Low-Fat Ground Beef

Low-fat ground beef (LFGB) is a new product designed to be as palatable as beef products that contain significantly higher levels of fat. A hedonic model shows that each unitary increase in the leanness of ground beef products carries a price premium of $. 0206/lb. If LFGB garners a 10% share of the ground beef market, the retail price of all ground beef products will increase by $. 01 /lb. and consumption will increase by 39.75 million lbs. The price of commercial cows will increase by $. 56/cwt. Price, quantity, and welfare measures are magnified as the market share captured by LFGB increases.
Impact of Maternal Age on Oocyte and Embryo Competence

The overall success of human reproduction, either spontaneously or after IVF, is highly dependent upon maternal age. The main reasons for age-related infertility include reduced ovarian reserve and decreased oocyte/embryo competence due to aging insults, especially concerning an increased incidence of aneuploidies and possibly decreased mitochondrial activity. Age-related chromosomal abnormalities mainly arise because of meiotic impairments during oogenesis, following flawed chromosome segregation patterns such as non-disjunction, premature separation of sister chromatids, or the recent reverse segregation. In this review, we briefly discuss the main mechanisms putatively impaired by aging in the oocytes and the deriving embryos. We also report the main strategies proposed to improve the management of advanced maternal age women in IVF: fertility preservation through oocyte cryopreservation to prevent aging; optimization of the ovarian stimulation and enhancement of embryo selection to limit its effects; and oocyte donation to circumvent its consequences.
Mobile Signal Path Losses in Microcells behind Buildings

The paper presents measurement results of the GSM (900 MHz band), UMTS (2100 MHz band), and LTE (1800 MHz band) propagation path loss (PL) in the urban area behind the buildings of ten different heights. The results were compared with the 7 most popular models. It was found that the existing models approximate the experimental results with relatively large errors. The new model, which evaluates the path loss variation nature behind the buildings, is proposed. This new model shows good agreement with measurements for all three mobile technologies. The average relative error is less than 6.5 %.
DIETARY FIBER LEVEL AND XYLANASE AFFECT NUTRIENT DIGESTIBILITY AND EXCRETA CHARACTERISTICS IN GROWER PIGS

An experiment was conducted with twelve grower pigs to determine if lowering dietary fiber, through selection of commonly available feedstuffs or including a commercial xylanase, can provide an effective and practical approach for improving nutrient digestibility and reducing waste production in pigs. Data obtained in this study show that lowering dietary NDF level or dietary inclusion of xylanase to high fiber diets improves the total tract digestibility of most nutrients and as a result reduces waste excretion in pigs.
Introduction to molecular biology and bioinformatics-methods for functional genomics

Living organisms are governed by a set of inherited instructions encoded by the four letter alphabet A, G, C and T. The “letters” take physical shape in terms of four different nucleotides constituting the basic repeating unit of deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) molecules. Each nucleotide consists of a 5-carbon sugar with a nitrogen base covalently attached1 to carbon atom 1’ and a phosphate group covalently attached to carbon atom 3’ or 5’. A DNA molecule is a repeating chain of nucleotides where each phosphate group links carbon atom 3’ of the sugar in one nucleotide to carbon atom 5’ of the sugar in the neighboring nucleotide. There are four types of nitrogen bases determining the four different nucleotides in DNA (adenine (A), guanine (G), cytosine (C) and thymine (T)), and hence each DNA molecule represents a unique sequence of these four chemical “letters”. DNA molecules are furthermore structurally organized in duplexes consisting of two helical DNA molecules coiled around a common axis forming a double helix. The two strands of the double helix have opposite directions for linking 3’ carbon atoms to 5’ carbon atoms (i.e. they are anti-parallel) and are held together by hydrogen bonds2 between opposite bases in the two strands. An important property of the double helix is that hydrogen bonds only occur between two specific pairs of bases. A only binds to T and C only to G. This means that the two strands are complementary with respect to the sequence they encode, conveniently facilitating important processes such as replication and transcription (see below). In eukaryotes3, the DNA molecules (the genome) are systematically packed into a number of chromosomes residing in the nuclei of each cell (in animal cells a small fraction of the DNA is located
The Organizational Structure and Organizational Culture Interdependence Analysis with a Special Reference to Bosnian and Herzegovinian Enterprises

– The aim of this paper is to point to the very nature of the relationship between the organizational structure and organizational culture as very important mechanisms by means of which enterprises set their employees ʹ behavior on the target course, or direct their efforts at accomplishing organizational goals, respectively. Besides the examination of the phenomenon of the organizational structure and organizational culture at the general level, the paper also includes the analysis of empirical study results entailing Bosnian enterprises. The research was made for two reasons. The first one was to identify the formalization and centralization level. The second one was to identify dominant organizational types of the structure and the culture (using the Charles Handy’s culture typology). The research analysis was made with respect to the interaction between organizational structure and organizational culture on one hand, and the point of view of the national culture and transitional processes characteristic of the area on the other hand.
Determining trophic niche width: an experimental test of the stable isotope approach

Determining the trophic niche width of an animal population and the relative degree to which a generalist population consists of dietary specialists are long-standing problems of ecology. It has been proposed that the variance of stable isotope values in consumer tissues could be used to quantify trophic niche width of consumer populations. However, this promising idea has not yet been rigorously tested. By conducting controlled laboratory experiments using model consumer populations (Daphnia sp., Crustacea) with controlled diets, we investigated the effect of individual- and population-level specialisation and generalism on consumer d13C mean and variance values. While our experimental data follow general expectations, we extend current qualitative models to quantitative predictions of the dependence of isotopic variance on dietary correlation time, a measure for the typical time over which a consumer changes its diet. This quantitative approach allows us to pinpoint possible procedural pitfalls and critical sources of measurement uncertainty. Our results show that the stable isotope approach represents a powerful method for estimating trophic niche widths, especially when taking the quantitative concept of dietary correlation time into account.
Elevated Expression of Serum Amyloid A 3 Protects Colon Epithelium Against Acute Injury Through TLR2-Dependent Induction of Neutrophil IL-22 Expression in a Mouse Model of Colitis

Induced expression of serum amyloid A (SAA) is a hallmark of many inflammatory diseases, but whether SAA exacerbates inflammation or protects tissues against injury remains unclear. In dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced colitis, SAA3 is the predominant isoform of inducible SAA proteins that also include SAA1 and SAA2, and mice with genetic deletion of Saa3 exhibits increased production of proinflammatory cytokines, decreased expression of IL-22 along with aggravated epithelium disruption, and reduced colon length compared with wild-type littermates. Colonic neutrophils have been identified as a major source of IL-22 in these mice. Administration of exogenous SAA3 as recombinant protein to Saa3−/− mice improves neutrophil IL-22 production, colonic epithelial integrity, and secretion of the antimicrobial peptides Reg3β and Reg3γ. Stimulation of mouse bone marrow neutrophils with mouse SAA3 or human SAA1 leads to expansion of IL-22-producing neutrophils. Unlike previously reported IL-22 induction through IL-23, the SAA3-induced neutrophil IL-22 expression utilizes a TLR2-dependent mechanism that does not depend on IL-23. Adoptive transfer of the SAA3-treated neutrophils to Saa3−/− mice ameliorates DSS-induced colitis and improves colonic epithelial integrity. These findings suggest that in the DSS-induced mouse colitis model, SAA isoforms are expressed to different extent in colon and deletion of Saa3 renders these mice more susceptible to DSS-induced injury. The presence of SAA3 in the inflamed colon mucosal serves to protect epithelial barrier in part through expansion of IL-22-producing neutrophils. It is speculated that SAA3 stimulation of autologous neutrophils may have therapeutic potential for inflammatory bowel disease.
Psychopathology among youths who were victims of documented childhood maltreatment.

BACKGROUND There is an established relationship between childhood maltreatment and later psychopathology, but most studies have used self-reports and only consider a small number of experiences. The main aim of this study was to examine predictors of psychopathology by comparing two sources (official records vs. self-reports) of ten different childhood adversities among youths who were identified by Child Protective Services (CPS). We also used a comparison group that was not identified by CPS. This study also compared, in terms of psychopathology, three groups of respondents (under-report; agreement; and over-report) based on the discrepancy between the two sources of childhood adversity. METHOD The sample included 136 youths, ages 14-23 years, identified by CPS prior to age 12 as being maltreated and who lived with their family for at least 5 years. The comparison group included 80 youths. RESULTS The identified youths were not different from the comparison group in global psychopathology. Psychopathology was associated only with the total amount of self-reported adverse experiences, with depressive symptoms being predicted by both documented and self-reported sexual abuse. Females reported and had more documented adversities, presenting an increased risk for psychopathology. The under-report group had a higher mean of documented experiences and a lower mean in psychopathology. CONCLUSIONS Despite the limitations of a self-report methodology, our findings attest to its contribution in predicting health outcomes. Professionals from CPS need to be thorough when assessing and documenting the multiple experiences that may co-occur in a household, paying particular attention when young girls are involved, as the experience of sexual abuse has been shown to be independently associated with later risk of developing depressive symptoms. This process may increase the appropriateness of the chosen interventions.
Mightier Than the Keyboard : Advantages of Longhand Over Laptop Note Taking-Jun

Taking notes on laptops rather than in longhand is increasingly common. Many researchers have suggested that laptop note taking is less effective than longhand note taking for learning. Prior studies have primarily focused on students’ capacity for multitasking and distraction when using laptops. The present research suggests that even when laptops are used solely to take notes, they may still be impairing learning because their use results in shallower processing. In three studies, we found that students who took notes on laptops performed worse on conceptual questions than students who took notes longhand. We show that whereas taking more notes can be beneficial, laptop note takers’ tendency to transcribe lectures verbatim rather than processing information and reframing it in their own words is detrimental to learning.
Data Partitioning Technique to Enhance DBSCAN Clustering Algorithm

Among densitybased clustering techniques ,DBSCAN is a typical one because it can detect clusters with widely different shapes and sizes, but it fails to find clusters with different densities and for that we propose a new technique to enhance the performance of DBSCAN on data with different densities ,the new solution contains two novel techniques ,one is the separation (partitioning ) technique that separate data into sparse and dense regions, and the other is the sampling technique that produce data with only one density distribution. the experimental results on synthetic data show that the new technique has a clustering
Problematic Internet and cell phone use in Spanish teenagers and young students

Addiction to the Information and Communication Technologies (ICT) has become an important research topic. The aims of the present study were to determine the problematic uses of Internet and cell phones in Spanish teenagers and young students and analyze the predictive capacity of these problematic uses to explain scores on the CERI (Cuestionario de Experiencias Relacionadas con Internet) and CERM (Cuestionario de Ex- periencias Relacionadas con el Movil). Three questionnaires were applied to 1,879 students: a general questionnaire for Internet and cell phone use, one scale for problematic use of Internet (CERI) and one for cell phone (CERM). Cluster analysis yielded a solution involving three groups for both CERI and for CERM: no problems, occasional problems and frequent problems. There were no differences between males and females in Inter- net but there were more females showing frequent problematic use of cell phone. A comparison with nine previous Spanish studies suggests that: a) the amount of time spent connected is not a good indicator of problems deriving from its use; b) the factor that could explain problematic use is al- tered identity communication (AIC), which occurs when users hide or alter their true identity; and c) population survey data alone do not allow to con- firm the existence of a persistent addictive disorder related to ICT.
Vertical beaming of wavelength-scale photonic crystal resonators

We report that $g80%$ of the photons generated inside a photonic crystal slab resonator can be funneled within a small divergence angle of $\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}30\ifmmode^\circ\else\textdegree\fi{}$. The far-field radiation properties of a photonic crystal slab resonant mode are modified by tuning the cavity geometry and by placing a reflector below the cavity. The former method directly shapes the near-field distribution so as to achieve directional and linearly polarized far-field patterns. The latter modification takes advantage of the interference effect between the original waves and the reflected waves to enhance the energy directionality. We find that, regardless of the slab thickness, the optimum distance between the slab and the reflector closely equals one wavelength of the resonance under consideration. We have also discussed an efficient far-field simulation algorithm based on the finite-difference time-domain method and the near- to far-field transformation.
Tonal variability in lexical access

How do different types of tonal variability contribute to lexical access? We addressed this question by investigating a type of variability in Jinan tonal patterns, which is lexically non-contrastive but potentially contrastive in other words. This variability was tested against three levels of variability, namely, ‘acoustic identity’, ‘within-category variation’, and ‘lexically-contrastive variation’, in an auditory lexical decision task. The tonal pattern variation induced a similar but smaller facilitation effect compared with the acoustic identity and the within-category variation. In contrast, an inhibition effect was induced by the lexically contrastive condition. Additionally, we tested the participants' tonal awareness. The effect of tonal awareness was smaller on the targets than on the primes. We conclude that, in lexical access, tonal patterns may have representative status but can converge in a lexically specific way, and that the contribution of tonal awareness is reduced when the form is repeated.