Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
모티프 자원에

Motif which is a recurrent feature shared by a significant segments from the proteins belonging to different families can be used to predict functional or structural properties of the protein, or to describe features common to biologically related proteins. Although there are many existed motif databases, they are unstandardized and built up by different methods. So it is difficult to get enough motif information when researches use motif databases for classification, prediction, etc. Using logical integration of biological based on cross-references between these databases is the common solution for information tracking through www. However, the problem such as the motif resource tracking method for making a united motif information page emerges from cross-reference. In this paper we propose the motif resource tracking method based on the existed motif databases for easy and comfortable interface better than in the case of using each motif database. The result which is given by this method is the review of necessary information about any motif in PROSITE database.
Concept2Robot: Learning manipulation concepts from instructions and human demonstrations

We aim to endow a robot with the ability to learn manipulation concepts that link natural language instructions to motor skills. Our goal is to learn a single multi-task policy that takes as input a natural language instruction and an image of the initial scene and outputs a robot motion trajectory to achieve the specified task. This policy has to generalize over different instructions and environments. Our insight is that we can approach this problem through learning from demonstration by leveraging large-scale video datasets of humans performing manipulation actions. Thereby, we avoid more time-consuming processes such as teleoperation or kinesthetic teaching. We also avoid having to manually design task-specific rewards. We propose a two-stage learning process where we first learn single-task policies through reinforcement learning. The reward is provided by scoring how well the robot visually appears to perform the task. This score is given by a video-based action classifier trained on a large-scale human activity dataset. In the second stage, we train a multi-task policy through imitation learning to imitate all the single-task policies. In extensive simulation experiments, we show that the multi-task policy learns to perform a large percentage of the 78 different manipulation tasks on which it was trained. The tasks are of greater variety and complexity than previously considered robot manipulation tasks. We show that the policy generalizes over variations of the environment. We also show examples of successful generalization over novel but similar instructions.
The Olive in the Mediterranean: Its Culture and Use [and Discussion]

The physical evidence offered by the palaeobotanist can, in some ancient cultures, be supplemented by other information - literary, iconographic and archaeological - about plants and trees, the use of their products, and their importance in the life, trade and even religion of the people who cultivated them. This paper reviews some of the sources available for the study of the olive tree and its products, principally in Greek lands where the tree seems first to have been cultivated on any scale and where its importance is well attested from the Early Bronze Age throughout antiquity.
Investigating Students’ Motivation Toward Small-group Learning

Small-group work has often been considered a useful active learning instructional strategy. However, small-group learning involves many obstacles and challenges that may weaken student motivation. Motivation in small-group learning is an internal state that arouses, directs, and maintains behaviors for successful collaborative learning. This study developed and validated a new instrument called the Motivation for Small Group Learning (MSGL) scale based on expectancy-value theory, which was used to investigate junior high school students’ motivation for participating in small-group learning. The study sample included junior high school students from Greater Taipei, Taiwan. A random sample of 30 schools was used, and 1950 students completed the survey. The study revealed the following results: (1) The MSGL scale is valid and reliable, and it includes 32 items loaded onto six factors, namely positively valuing, negatively valuing, self-efficacy, team efficacy, academic anxiety, and social anxiety. This scale has potential as an index for evaluating students’ internal states and desires in a smallgroup context. (2) Some aspects of student motivation exhibited gender differences. Boys had significantly higher levels of positive valuing and academic anxiety than girls. (3) Experience in small-group learning might affect student motivation. Students who perceived their teachers as using small groups more had significantly higher overall motivation toward small-group learning. (4) Students who had higher academic achievement scores exhibited higher levels of self-efficacy and team efficacy and lower levels of academic anxiety in small-group learning.
Running Head: Access to Social Capital by Parenthood Status, Gender, and Marital Status Raising Network Resources While Raising Children? Access to Social Capital by Parenthood Status, Gender, and Marital Status*

Does raising non-adult children facilitate or restrict access to social capital as network resources? Using data from a national sample of adults in the United States, I do not find evidence for the direct effect of parenthood on the three dimensions of social capital (diversity, extensity, and quality), but instead I find evidence for its interaction effects on the quality of social capital. There is marginal evidence that parenthood status is associated with the quality of social capital positively for men but negatively for women. There is evidence that parenthood status is associated with the quality of social capital positively for the married but negatively for the unmarried. Also parenthood status is associated with the quality of social capital negatively for unmarried women but positively for the other three gender-marital groups, in particular unmarried men. These findings suggest the structural interplay of parenthood status with gender and marital status, and indicate the motherhood penalty, the fatherhood premium, the singleparenthood penalty, the married-parenthood premium, and the single-motherhood penalty in reaching higher-quality, rather than more diverse and extensive, social capital.
Morphological differentiation following experimental bottlenecks in the butterfly Bicyclus anynana (Nymphalidae)

The consequences of population bottlenecks for morphological differentiation were investigated experimentally in the Afrotropical butterfly Bicyclus anynana (Satyrinae). A genetically variable laboratory population was used to establish daughter populations differing in the severity of the founding bottleneck (two, six, 20 and c. 300 individuals), with four to six replicate lines per treatment. Nine quantitative traits of the hind wing were measured (wing area and eight wing pattern characters) in the founders, F1, F2 and F3 generations. A tenth character, egg weight, was measured in all lines in F3. The validity of the neutral additive model was tested by regressing the observed phenotypic variance among replicate lines (Vd) at F3 against the expected additive genetic variance among lines (2FtVA0, where Ft is the coefficient of inbreeding at generation t and VA0 is the additive genetic variance in the base population). This analysis was performed for the first six principal components of the wing character set, and using two series of Ft estimates, one obtained from demographic parameters, the other from molecular markers. Overall, Vd was slightly less than expected, perhaps as a result of some characters being subject to weak stabilizing selection, but the general picture was one of close concordance with the prediction of the neutral additive model. Plots of phenotypic line means, from the parental generation through to F3, illustrate that the observed differentiation was essentially entirely due to the initial sampling event. Egg weight showed a similar pattern of differentiation. © 2006 The Linnean Society of London, Biological Journal of the Linnean Society, 2006, 89, 107–115.
Lower bound computation for SecureRide: A cheat-proof ride-hailing service

—Ride-hailing services have become widely used. Such services, however, rise security issues such as the risk of drivers cheating on their trips to increase their fares. In this report, we propose a solution to partially tackle this issue by computing a lower bound on the traveled distance based on geometric algorithms and cryptographic techniques. Combining the lower bound with an upper bound will then provide a reliable way to detect cheating. Our system relies on existing Wi-Fi access point networks deployed in urban areas and we evaluate our solution by using real datasets from the FON community networks and a set of GPS updates from taxis in Rome. We report the accuracy of our solution along with a sensitivity analysis of the density of access points along trips.
Experience-dependent flexibility in collective decision making by house-hunting ants

When making a decision, solitary animals often adjust to local conditions by using flexible evaluation and decision criteria, even though these may occasionally lead to irrationality. By contrast, collective decision making in large animal groups--such as, nest choice by emigrating ant colonies--is usually considered to rely on robust, fixed preference rules and to be immune to irrationality. Here, we show that familiarization with available nest sites prior to emigration can lead to flexible collective decisions in the house-hunting ant Temnothorax albipennis. Colonies allowed to inspect a mediocre nest site while their home nest is still intact usually develop an aversion toward that nest. We found that aversion strength was not determined by the quality of the familiar nest only but was also influenced by the quality of the home nest. As a result, nest choice in later emigrations depended strongly on the quality of the previously experienced home nest, allowing colonies to adjust to the local quality of available sites. Additionally, we found that in a worst-case scenario where the only alternatives are of even lower quality, developing an aversion toward a mediocre nest can occasionally lead to poor collective decisions. We discuss whether the observed flexibility in collective choices necessarily requires experience-dependent changes in individual decision criteria and develop a new analytical model of nest choice in house-hunting ants showing that a fixed-threshold decision strategy at the individual level can lead to experience-dependent, flexible decisions at the colony level. Copyright 2011, Oxford University Press.
Spatio-temporal dynamics of plant invasions: Linking pattern to process

ABSTRACT Biological invasions are characterized by remarkable spatio-temporal dynamics, with many species having extended their distribution range from within a single region to much of the globe within the last century. The comparative analysis of the spatio-temporal dynamics of over 100 taxa from studies undertaken worldwide provides the basis of a critical assessment of current knowledge. At the scale of single habitats, simple reaction-diffusion models may be accurate enough to predict the spread of new invaders without recourse to complex life history parameterization. Average rates of local spread reported for invasive species in the literature range from 2 m · y−1 to a maximum of 370 m · y−1. Average rates of long-distance dispersal are at least two orders of magnitude greater than estimates of local dispersal, with a maximum of 167 km · y−1. While local-scale studies do pick up dispersal events of several kilometres, study sites are rarely sufficiently large or monitored for long enough to characterize these events accurately. Long-distance dispersal events may occur during periods of negligible population increase and appear to bear little relationship to population size. At regional scales, invasive species rarely move across the landscape as a continuous front and both local and long-distance dispersal determine spatial patterns. At these larger spatial scales, both local and long-distance dispersal require parameterization, and this has been achieved through spatially explicit individual-based simulation models using two or more dispersal functions. It is doubtful whether a single estimate of spread encapsulates the spatio-temporal dynamics of invasive species at this scale. Thus, estimates of spread drawn from successive distribution maps will tend to be biased towards long-distance dispersal events. The frequency and distribution of introduction events play a key role in invasion trajectories, and the stochastic nature of such events may explain why the longer a species has been introduced into a region the greater the likelihood that it becomes invasive. However, cumulative counts of localities or samples only provide one perspective on the invasion process and need to be associated with spatial information to depict spread more realistically. This review highlights that monitoring of invasive species must be approached from a hierarchical perspective with data gathered at more than one spatial scale. Such an approach will improve predictions and integrate landscape attributes into invasion dynamics.
Soils and vegetation of central Australian sandridges I. Introduction

This is the first of a series of papers describing catenary patterns in central Australian sand-ridge soils and vegetation, and observations and experiments designed to assess the interrelationships among them and the impact of fire. The aims and study area are described and previous literature reviewed briefly. Later papers will detail soil and vegetation patterns and discuss the relative importance of the dune-swale gradients in soil texture, mobility, fertility and moisture status as controls and constraints on the vegetation, with reference to rainfall fluctuations and to changes in plant cover and environment at various time scales. These embody experimental studies on plant regeneration to suggest an overall model for the maintenance of the present open-crested dune vegetation.
Variabilidade espacial da comunidade bacteriana intestinal de suínos suplementados com antibióticos ou extratos herbais

This trial was conducted to evaluate the effect of antimicrobial supplementation (association of 50 ppm of colistin, 50 ppm of zinc bacitracin and 50 ppm of olaquindox) or herbal extract (based on thyme, clove and oregano at levels of 0, 700, 1,400 and 2,100 ppm) on Bacteria population of duodenum, jejunum, ileum and cecum of swine at 56 days old. Denaturing gradient technique in polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (DGGE) of amplicons from 16S rDNA V3 region was used. The number of detected amplicons changed according to intestinal segment analyzed and supplementation with growth promoter. Antibiotic and herbal extract decreased diarrhea incidence. Performance of animals supplemented with increasing levels of herbal extract and antibiotic was similar. The highest level (2,100 ppm) of herbal extract showed greater values of weight gain. It was possible to determine relations among the number of amplicons observed in the four segments of intestinal tract, growth promoter, daily weight gain and diarrhea incidence. The structure of Bacteria population of the intestinal tract of swine showed higher similarity, due to the sampling site than the growth promoter.
Sequential Approach to Rumour Stance Classiﬁcation

Rumour stance classiﬁcation is a task that involves identifying the attitude of Twitter users towards the truthfulness of the rumour they are discussing. Stance clas-siﬁcation is considered to be an important step towards rumour veriﬁcation, therefore performing well in this task is expected to be useful in debunking false rumours. In this work we classify a set of Twitter posts discussing rumours into either supporting, denying, questioning or commenting on the underlying rumours. We propose an LSTM-based sequential model that, through modelling the conversational structure of tweets, obtains state-of-the-art accuracy on the SemEval-2017 Ru-mourEval dataset.
SERVICES COMPOSITION CHEACKING APPROACH BASED ON GRAPH TRANSFORMATION

The Dynamic services composition is a major challenge whose realisation will determine the success of the service-oriented architecture (SOA) approach. In this trend several approaches have been proposed, they are based either on semantic aspects or planning tools that include a formal mathematical basis. Inthis paper, we propose a new approach to service composition checking based on the uses of graph transformation (GT). Services are modelled by their Business Protocols, a special deterministic ﬁnite -state automata (DFA) that describe service’s external behaviour. The cheacking of service composition approach use the Double Pushout (DPO) an algebraic approach of graph transformation. The idea is to try to generate dynamically the transformation rule p whose application generates the composite service graph. We propose an algorithm for computing de rule p in a constant time.
Conference on International Research on Food Security, Natural Resource Management and Rural Development Conversion of abattoir wastes into livestock feed: Chemical composition of sun-dried rumen content blood meal and its effect on performance of broiler chickens

Identification, development, and utilisation of potential alternatives to conventional ingredients (such as soybean and fishmeal) are imperative for the sustainability of livestock production. One of such is from abattoir wastes comprising rumen content and blood (about 50,000 and 17,000 metric tonnes available/year, respectively), a potential alternative protein source. Therefore, this study was set up to evaluate the chemical composition of rumen content blood meal and its effect on performance of broiler chickens. Fresh blood prevented from coagulation, mixed with dewatered rumen content, was sun-dried, ground, mixed again with blood and ground into a meal. The crude protein, fat, fiber, ash, NDF, ADF and gross energy contents of sun-dried rumen content blood meal (SDRBM) were, 47.06, 6.55, 9.59, 11.6, 58.75, 19.84 %, and 17.6 kJg−1, respectively. It was adequate in all essential amino acids. In a feeding trial, starter (14–35 d) and finisher phases (35–49 d), eighty14-day-old commercial broiler chicks were randomly allocated to one of four dietary treatments in a completely randomised block design. The dietary treatments (isoproteic and isoenergetic, and fed ad libitum) consisted of the control diet, which contained fishmeal (starter diet only), groundnut cake and soybean meal as the main protein sources, and three other diets, which contained varying levels of SDRBM (5, 10 and 15 %). The starter dietary treatments did not have significant impact (p > 0.05) on body weight gain and feed conversion efficiency. However, birds fed SDRBM at 0, 5, and 10% had higher feed intake (p < 0.05) than birds fed 15% SDRBM and feed cost per unit weight gain lower (p < 0.05) for SDRBM diets than the SDRBM-free diet. Birds fed 15% SDRBM had the lowest (p < 0.05) feed intake while body weight gain, feed conversion efficiency, and feed cost per unit weight gain were superior (p < 0.05) for birds fed 10% SDRBM compared with other SDRBM diets in both the finisher phase and the whole period. Carcass yields were higher (p < 0.05) for SDRBM diets than the SDRBM-free diet. Mortality was unaffected by dietary treatments. The study demonstrated that dietary SDRBM up to 10% was beneficial for growth performance and that total replacement of fishmeal was possible in broiler diets.
Tool use by wild chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes) to obtain termites (Macrotermes herus) in the Mahale Mountains, Tanzania

Wild chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes) used probes made of vegetation to fish for termites (Macrotermes herus) in the Mahale Mountains of western Tanzania. Data on both the artefacts and behavior associated with their use were recorded over a 5‐month period. The chimpanzees of one unit group, B Group, were seen four times to use the tools to extract the insects from their mounds. A sample of 290 tools was collected and analyzed in terms of age, seasonality, length, width, class of raw materials, species, methods of making, extent of use, and damage incurred through use. There were differences across groups in tool use in feeding on termites; some could be related to biotic factors, but others appeared to be cultural differences.
Applying Bloom’s Taxonomy for Effective Learning

Contemporary higher education institutions place students at the centre of their thinking and emphasize on student centered approaches to help learners construct knowledge during their learning paths in higher education. The study was guided by Bloom’s taxonomy in designing learning outcomes, incorporating engaging learning activities and assessing learning outcomes. Bloom’s Taxonomy of Educational Objectives provides a hierarchical classification system that classifies thinking abilities from basic information acquisition to more complex processes. The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of using the hierarchical instructional set of cognitive processes delineated in Bloom’s taxonomy for boosting learners’ vocabulary competency in English language learning, in higher education. The sample for this study consisted of 39 students (nine males and thirty females) who were studying course entitled English for Business in Department of English Language & Literature, College of Arts, during the academic year 2018-19 at University of Bahrain. The course aims to enhance learners’ language skills to enable them to communicate constructively in various business contexts. The results revealed that Bloom’s learning approach was successful in augmenting learners ’retention and transfer of productive and receptive vocabulary in language learning and conducive for promoting proficiency in English vocabulary knowledge.
Variability of Carcass Traits of Local Poultry Populations of Gallus gallus Species of Benin

4 ULg-Gx ABT-Passage des Deportes, 2-5030, Gembloux, Belgium Abstract: The local poultry population of Benin is composed of various ecotypes including chickens Holli, Sahoue, Fulani, North and South. To better characterize them, our study aims to assess their carcass traits according to genetic type, breeding system and slaughter age. Thus, 260 chickens of which 52 chickens of each ecotype were divided in two lots and reared respectively under traditional and improved breeding system. For each breeding system, 26 cockerels of each ecotype were slaughtered at 20, 24 and 28 weeks old for carcass traits study. The results show that the live weight, the carcass weight, the weight of the cuts of thigh-drumsticks and wings of Holli chickens were the highest (p 0.05). The breast weight of Holli and Fulani were similar (p>0.05) but heavier (p<0.001) than the one of Sahoue, North and South ecotypes. The live weight and the carcass weight of chickens reared under improved breeding system were higher than those of traditional system (p<0.01). The carcass drip loss was more important in chickens bred under traditional system (p<0.001). The live weight and the carcass cuts value were significantly affected by slaughter age (p<0.001). The best carcass yields were recorded at 24 weeks (p<0.001) for both rearing systems. Therefore, the ideal slaughter age of indigenous chickens of Benin is 24 weeks.