Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Epicuticular Compounds of Protopiophila litigata (Diptera: Piophilidae): Identification and Sexual Selection Across Two Years in the Wild

Abstract The epicuticular compounds (ECs) of insects serve both to waterproof the cuticle and, in many taxa, as pheromones that are important for various social interactions, including mate choice within populations. However, ECs have not been individually identified in many species and most studies of their role in mate choice have been performed in a laboratory setting. Here we newly identify and quantify the ECs of the antler fly, Protopiophila litigata Bonduriansky, and use a cross-sectional selection analysis to quantify their association with male mating success in the wild across two years (2013 and 2017). The ECs of antler flies include straight-chain and methylated alkanes, alkenes, and a family of branched wax esters. We find all ECs to be shared between males and females but also demonstrate sexual dimorphism in the abundance of several. Male EC relative abundances were significantly associated with mating success in both years, although the multivariate direction of selection differed significantly between the years. Surprisingly, only two of the 18 compounds (or groups of compounds) we identified were similarly associated with mating success across the sampling years. In 2017, we further partitioned sexual selection into intra- and intersexual components, revealing selection on ECs to be significant via female choice but not male–male competition. Our study is one of few to investigate the potential role of ECs in mating success in the wild and adds to a growing body of evidence demonstrating significant temporal variability in selection in natural populations.
Port Channel Navigation Subjected to Environmental Conditions Using Reinforcement Learning

This paper proposes a machine learning agent for automatically navigating a vessel in a confined channel subject to environmental conditions. The agent is trained and tested using a Ship Maneuvering Simulator and is responsible for commanding the rudder, so as to keep the vessel inside the channel with minimum distance from the center line, and to reach the final part of the channel with a prescribed thruster rotation level. The algorithm is based on deep reinforcement learning method and uses an efficient state-space representation. The advantage of using reinforcement learning is that it does not require any expert to directly teach the agent how to behave under particular conditions. The novelty of this work is that: it does not require previous knowledge on the vessel dynamic model and the maneuvering scenario; it is robust against fluctuations of environmental forces such as wind and current; it considers discrete actions of rudder commands emulating the pilot actions in a real maneuver. The developed method is convenient for simulations in scenarios or areas that were never navigated before, in which no previous navigation data can be used to train a conventional supervised learning agent. One direct application for this work is the integration with a realistic fast-time maneuvering simulator for new ports or operations. Both training and validation experiments focused on the unsheltered approach channel of the Suape Port, in Brazil; these experiments were run in a SMH-USP maneuvering simulator (real environmental conditions measured on-site were employed in simulations).
The Influence of Employer Brand Asset and Herzberg’s Two-Factor on Job Satisfaction, Employee Engagement and Employee-based Brand Equity: The Case of Myanmar Millennial Employees Investment in the Online Financial Markets

This study examined the influence of employer brand asset and Herzberg’s two-factor model on job satisfaction, employee engagement, and employee-based brand equity from the 452 convenient respondents who are Millennial workers of international livestock company in Myanmar. The results revealed that employer brand asset positively impacts on job satisfaction and work itself and working conditions from Herzberg’s two-factor model have high influence on job satisfaction. Employee engagement is driven by job satisfaction and has positive impact on three dimensions of employee-based brand equity (brand endorsement, brand consistent behavior, and brand allegiance). These findings could be applied to the development of Herzberg two-factor related activities and promoting employer brand asset to engage Millennial employees with the company and to spread positive word of mouth on organizational brand equity.
How Does Environmental Regulation Affect Carbon Emissions? —Evidence from China

In this paper, the increment of CO2 emissions from 285 prefecture-level cities in China from 2004 to 2013 is decomposed into scale effect, composition effect and technique effect. Based on the decomposition results, the effects of different environmental regulation on carbon emission increment and its decomposition effect were studied by using multiple regression methods. The results show that carbon emission environmental regulation, sulfur dioxide emission environmental regulation and electricity prices also significantly reduce the city’s carbon emissions, in which carbon emission reduction environmental regulation has the best effect, followed by sulfur dioxide emission reduction environmental regulation. Different environmental regulations do not significantly reduce urban carbon emissions in terms of composition effects, and even increase carbon emissions of cities. In addition, the impacts of different environmental regulations on the cities in the two control zones and the non-control zone were studied. Compared with non-control zone cities, environmental regulations for carbon emission and SO2 have a better effect on carbon emission reduction in cities of two control zones.
Oral vorinostat (suberoylanilide hydroxamic acid, SAHA) in relapsed diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL): Final results of a phase II trial

18511 Background: Vorinostat (Zolinza™) is a histone deacetylase inhibitor (HDACI) approved in the US for the treatment of cutaneous manifestations in patients (pts) with cutaneous T-cell lymphoma who have progressive, persistent or recurrent disease on or following 2 systemic therapies. Clinical responses with vorinostat have been reported in other lymphoma subtypes. Methods: Open-label, single-arm, nonrandomized Phase II trial of oral vorinostat 300 mg bid (initially 14 d/3 wks; amended to 3 d/wk) until disease progression or intolerable toxicity. Eligibility: measurable, relapsed/refractory DLBCL; = 2 prior systemic therapies; adequate hematologic, hepatic and renal function. Pts who had prior HDACI treatment, allogeneic transplant, or had failed > 3 prior therapies were excluded. Primary endpoint: objective response rate (ORR) measured by CT/PET. Secondary endpoints: assessment of response duration (DOR), time to progression (TTP), time to response (TTR) and safety. Results: Eighteen pts (median age, .
Interest groups in the European Union and their hiring of political consultancies

Interest groups do not only attempt to influence European legislation by devising and executing their own strategies, or relying on their allies. Almost 50% have also experience in hiring political consultants. Using novel survey data from the policy formulation stage, this study shows that business interest groups are more likely to hire consultancies than non-business interest groups. It suggests that business associations’ higher likelihood of hiring consultancies is linked to membership promotion. For firms, it likely relates to their need for specialised lobbying tools and trust-building measures when seeking private goods from policy-makers. Furthermore, the results indicate that consultancy hiring by business interest groups becomes less likely the more they focus on lobbying. This moderation effect highlights that business interest groups show awareness of principal–agent problems and take mitigating action.
Geodynamics of Anatolia: Lithosphere Thermal Structure and Thickness

We present the first thermal model for the lithosphere in Turkey, which shows a highly heterogeneous pattern associated with mosaics of the Tethyan and modern subduction systems. We calculate a regionally average crustal density of 2.90 g/cm3 consistent with the presence of large volumes of mafic material. The Moho temperature with a regionally average value of 650–850 °C shows strong short‐wavelength variations. Lithosphere thinning to 50–75 km in most of western Anatolia may have developed in response to the Hellenic slab rollback, while the Neoproterozoic block in the Menderes Massif preserves a 150 km deep lithosphere root. In central Anatolia, the lithosphere thickness decreases southward from 100–150 to 50–60 km along a linear belt of young basaltic volcanism, followed by a belt of a 150 km thick lithosphere. We interpret this characteristic pattern by a SE dipping paleoslab beneath the western Taurides, which may cause the Cyprus subduction melting zone to deviate toward NW and NE. The Eastern Pontides‐Lesser Caucasus have 150–200 km thick lithosphere roots caused by collisional tectonics. The East Anatolian Plateau is underlain by a 80–140 km thick lithosphere, which suggests the presence of significant continental fragments; the patchy pattern of its thermal heterogeneity may be explained by teared and fragmented Tethyan slabs. A poor correlation between the lithosphere thermal structure, heat flux, the Neogene volcanic regions, and mantle seismic velocities implies that seismic anomalies are essentially controlled by heterogeneous mantle hydration by subduction systems of different ages and cannot be explained by temperature variations alone.
Does social capital matter more when health status is poor? Labour market attachment among long-term recipients of social assistance in Norway

ABSTRACT Long-term social assistance recipients are a disadvantaged group with loose labour market attachment, and they are therefore in dire need of an ‘alternative route’ into employment. Differing types of social capital (bonding, bridging, and trust) could improve job opportunities, and perhaps especially so for social assistance recipients with poor health. The current paper uses a linked survey-register data material on a cohort of Norwegian long-term social assistance recipients, which holds rich information on both health status and social capital at baseline (2005). Linear probability models are estimated, with differing operationalisations of wage income (2005–2013) as the outcome. Three main empirical findings appear. First, both mental and somatic health status is highly consequential for labour market attachment among social assistance recipients in Norway. Second, rather few social capital indicators are associated with employment probability, with three noticeable exceptions: loneliness, active organisational membership, and social trust all show a statistical relationship with employment. Third, there is some indication that people with ill health profit less from both bridging social capital and social trust, compared to people with good health status. In conclusion, health status matters a lot and social capital matters a little for labour market attachment among long-term social assistance recipients.
Political discussion begins at home. Household dynamics following the enfranchisement of adolescent children

Abstract Most studies on lowering the voting age to 16 exclusively focus on the effects on the adolescents concerned. In this paper we investigate the family dynamics of this extension of voting rights, by including the parents of adolescents in the study. The Ghent Study is based on a quasi-experiment of the city of Ghent (Belgium), where adolescents of 16 and 17 years old were invited by the local city government to take part in an election. The results of a regression discontinuity analysis indeed show that, in families that were targeted by the experiment, both parents and adolescents report more intensive political discussion. Our assumption therefore is that at this age, children still turn to their parents to discuss political matters. More discussions, however, did not lead to more political congruence within the family and it can be observed that ideological congruence is quite high in all families involved.
Advantages and disadvantages of direct radiography in the quantification of osteoarthritis progression

Uzm. Dr. Hamit Küçük. Gazi Üniversitesi T›p Fakültesi, ‹ç Hastal›klar› Anabilim Dal› Romatoloji Bilim Dal›, Ankara. e-posta: hk70@mynet.com Ç›kar çak›flmas› / Conflicts of interest: Ç›kar çak›flmas› bulunmad›¤› belirtilmifltir. / No conflicts declared. www.raeddergisi. org doi:10.2399/raed.16. 30602 Karekod / QR code: Osteoartrit (OA), en s›k görülen eklem a¤r›s› sebebidir. Genetik, metabolik ve biyokimyasal faktörlerin de¤iflik oranlarda etkileflimiyle oluflan k›k›rdak hasar› ile ortaya ç›kan ancak birçok olguda enflamasyon bulgular›n›n da efllik etti¤i bir dejeneratif süreç olarak tan›mlanabilir. Bu durum; k›k›rdak, kemik ve sinovyumun interaktif hasarlanmas› ve tamirini içeren patolojik bir süreçtir. S›kl›kla, diz, vertebralar ve kalça gibi yük tafl›yan eklemlerde ve el eklemlerinde görülmektedir. Diz, vücut a¤›rl›¤›n› tafl›yan eklem olmas›n›n yan› s›ra biyomekanik özellikleri nedeni ile OA’da en s›k etkilenen eklemlerdendir. Uzayan yaflam sürecinin bir sonucu olarak yafll› popülasyonun artmas› nedeniyle OA prevalans› giderek artmaktad›r. OA’da klinik, yavafl ve sinsi olarak geliflir. HastaOsteoartrit progresyonunun kantifikasyonunda direkt radyografinin avantajlar› ve dezavantajlar›
The protective impact of learning to juggle in a caring, task-involving climate versus an ego-involving climate on participants’ inflammation, cortisol, and psychological responses

The impact of motivational climate on physiological responses to psychological stress remains largely unknown. The purpose of this experimental investigation was to examine the psychological and physiological stress and motivational responses of college students (N = 57, Mage = 20.34) during a 30-minute instructional juggling session that was either caring, task-involving (C/TI) or ego-involving (EI). Cortisol and inflammation were assessed at six time points over the 2-hr study, and participants completed pre- and post-questionnaires. As hypothesised, the EI climate elicited concerning responses including greater psychosocial and state cognitive stress, negative affect, and cortisol, while the C/TI climate yielded adaptive responses including what may be a multifaceted physiologically protective mechanism to performance-related stress. Specifically, the C/TI climate yielded greater sTNFαRII, performance and social self-esteem, positive affect, and coping appraisals. Results suggest C/TI climates procure psychological and physiological responses that facilitate performance and well-being and foster a greater interest in physical activity.
Searching the Web for Trivia Inducing Users' Interests by Starting with SNS Trends

Trivia are one kind of knowledge about trashy things and trivial things etc., and almost always we do not care whether or not they are useful for us. Contrary to such nature that trivia have, trivia can be utilized as knowledge as well as a communication tool. For example, they are often used as a topic of conversation by people, and moreover as a topic of TV programs etc. However, there is little opportunity for us to learn about trivia in our daily lives, and also there are few people who bother to search for trivia purposely. In addition, there is currently no clear way to search the Web for funny trivia due to the explosively-growing information volume of the Web, although there are countless trivia on the Web. Therefore, we propose a novel way to search the Web for funny trivia that more people are interested in, by using a trend word showing a trend of the world as a starting point of the searching. This paper examines a method to search the Web for various kinds of trivia inducing users’ interests, by focusing on SNS trends with high mobility of information.
World Population Trends and the Rise of homo sapiens literata

World population has increased remarkably from one billion around 1804, to two billion by 1927, to the current 7.7 billion. While growth in absolute terms is still at record high levels, the rate of increase has declined over the past decades and there is a credible prospect of world population peaking during the second half of the 21st century before reaching the 10 billion mark. This prospect will largely depend on whether female literacy continues to spread in Africa and Western Asia as it already has in other parts of the world. While throughout history literacy has been limited to tiny and mostly male elites, it was only over the course of the 20th century that mass education of both men and women rapidly spread on the global scale, leaving only limited pockets of female illiteracy concentrated in Africa. In this paper I argue that this phenomenal rise in global literacy – and in particular female literacy – has been a primary driver of human development through the cognitive changes associated with learning to assign abstract meaning to a combination of signs and thus discouraged fatalism in favor of more rational planning in one’s behavior. Because of this overriding importance of female literacy for demographic and socioeconomic development in this paper I coin the notion of “homo sapiens literata” to highlight the decisive role of female education and point to the fact that educated humans tend to behave in a qualitatively different way from their illiterate counterparts. The paper concludes with discussing alternative scenarios for population and education trends, up to 2100, following the SSP (Shared Socioeconomic Pathway) narratives. The dramatically divergent paths illustrate how investments in the near future, particularly in the universal education of girls, will be highly relevant for future resilience of the human species and the adaptive capacity to already unavoidable environmental change.
Dichotomies in Ontology-Mediated Querying with the Guarded Fragment

We study ontology-mediated querying in the case where ontologies are formulated in the guarded fragment of first-order logic (GF) or extensions thereof with counting and where the actual queries are (unions of) conjunctive queries. Our aim is to classify the data complexity and Datalog rewritability of query evaluation depending on the ontology O, where query evaluation w.r. t. O is in PTime (resp. Datalog rewritable) if all queries can be evaluated in PTime w.r. t. O (resp. rewritten into Datalog under O), and coNP-hard if at least one query is coNP-hard w.r. t. O. We identify several fragments of GF that enjoy a dichotomy between Datalog-rewritability (which implies PTime) and coNP-hardness as well as several other fragments that enjoy a dichotomy between PTime and coNP-hardness, but for which PTime does not imply Datalog-rewritability. For the latter, we establish and exploit a connection to constraint satisfaction problems. We also identify fragments for which there is no dichotomy between PTime and coNP. To prove this, we establish a non-trivial variation of Ladner’s theorem on the existence of NP-intermediate problems. Finally, we study the decidability of whether a given ontology enjoys PTime query evaluation, presenting both positive and negative results, depending on the fragment.
Rising incidence of glioblastoma and meningioma in the United States: Projections through 2050.

2065 Background: In the absence of proven environmental or behavioral risk factors, patient age and sex remain the most important predictors of primary brain tumor risk. In coming years, an increasing incidence of brain tumors in the United States can be anticipated based on shifts in the demographic structure of the population. This study provides estimates of glioblastoma and meningioma incidence through 2050. Methods: Group-specific glioblastoma and meningioma incidence rates based on age (eleven categories) and sex were calculated from National Cancer Institute (NCI) Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) data for the period 2004-2008. United States Census projections based on data from the 2000 census were used to compute the size of the twenty-two demographic subpopulations of interest in 2010, 2020, 2030, 2040, and 2050. The estimated number of new glioblastoma and meningioma diagnoses for each of these years was calculated from the defined incidence rates and population size. Results: .
A state-of-the-art review of smart tourism research

ABSTRACT Using a mixed-method approach combining qualitative and quantitative review techniques, this study analyzed 86 articles to identify state-of-the-art thematic research trends and articulate knowledge domains in the smart tourism research. In particular, the thematic analysis identified 11 themes from the current smart tourism research. Results of the co-citation analysis identified and visualized four knowledge domains as the theoretical underpinning of existing smart tourism literature, thereby supplementing, and complementing the findings of the thematic analysis. The constituents of each theme and knowledge domain were discussed to reveal critical gaps and suggest future research directions.
Development of Helper-Dependent Adenoviral Vectors for Gene Therapy for Inherited Retinal Diseases

There have been significant advancements in the field of retinal gene therapy in the past decade. In particular, therapeutic efficacy has been achieved in three separate human clinical trials using adeno-associated viruses (AAV) to treat a type of Leber’s congenital amaurosis caused by RPE65 mutations. However, despite the success with AAV, challenges remain for delivering large therapeutic genes or genes requiring long DNA regulatory elements to the retina. For example, Stargardt’s disease, a form of juvenile macular degeneration, is caused by defects in ABCA4, a gene that is too large to be packaged in AAV. ABCA4 encodes an ATP dependent flipase and when its function is lost, its substrate undergoes chemical reactions that cause it to become toxic to the retinal pigment epithelium (RPE). This leads to the apoptosis of the RPE and the subsequent loss of the photoreceptor (PR) cells. Therefore, individuals born with mutations in both copies of ABCA4 eventually lose their vision. Stargardt’s disease represents an attractive target for gene therapy because it is an autosomal recessive disease, because PR cells are neuronal and thus do not exhibit cell turnover, and because it is a very slow progressing disease, thus early detection and treatment can abrogate much of the vision loss. Therefore, we investigated the ability of helper dependent adenovirus (HDAd) to deliver genes to the retina as it has a much larger transgene capacity.
A phase II, open-label, multicenter trial to investigate the clinical activity and safety of avelumab (MSB0010718C) in patients with metastatic Merkel cell carcinoma.

TPS9086 Background: The programmed death-1 receptor (PD-1) and its ligand (PD-L1) are key therapeutic targets in the reactivation of the immune response against multiple cancers. Avelumab* (MSB0010718C) is a fully human anti-PD-L1 IgG1 antibody currently being investigated in clinical trials. Merkel cell carcinoma (MCC) is a rare, aggressive, Merkel cell polyomavirus (MCPyV)-induced skin cancer with suboptimal therapeutic options. Cytotoxic chemotherapy is commonly used to treat metastatic MCC, although responses are seldom durable. There is a strong rationale for investigating PD-1/PD-L1 blockade in MCC. Despite their immunogenicity, MCC tumors are able to evade the host immune system through multiple mechanisms that include exhaustion of tumor virus-specific T cells via expression of PD-L1 on the tumor cells and adjacent immune-cell infiltrates. Methods: This is a multicenter, international, single-arm, open-label, phase II trial to evaluate the efficacy and safety of avelumab in patients (pts) with met.