Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Protein and Energy Maintenance and Maximum Growth Requirements for Sea Bass (Decentrarshus laborax) Larvae Using Different Feeding Rates

The effect of feeding rates(5, 10, 15, 20, 25 and 30%) was studied on growth performance body composition and feed utilization of sea bass fry in salt water 30 ppt and temperature 21.8oC±0.35 for 7 weeks. Protein and energy requirements for maintenance and maximum growth were also determined. Fish were fed on six basal diets containing 45% crude protein and 300kcal/ 100g diet. Sea bass fry of initial BW ± SE (0.08 g ± 0.00) were stocked at the rate of 30 fish per aquarium. Fish were fed 3 times daily 6 days per week; the amount was adjusted every two weeks. Weight gain and final body weight (FBW) of sea bass increased significantly with increasing dietary feeding rate up to 20% with no differences among 20, 25% and 30%. The best growth rate and specific growth rate was observed with 20% feeding rate and no significant differences were found among 20, 25 and 30% feeding rates. The body weight of sea bass increased by increasing protein and energy intake in the diet (22 – 90 mg protein / 1g BW daily and 150 – 600 cal grosses energy / 1g BW daily). The increase in body protein and energy with the increase in protein and energy intake could be expressed by the equation: Y = 6.21x – 22.8 and Y = 0.93x – 22.8 for protein and energy, respectively. From the regression analysis, maintenance requirements could be calculated at Y= zero. It could be calculated in the range of 3.67–3.83 mg protein/ and 24.49–31.79 cal gross energy /1g of the fish BW daily were the maintenance requirements of sea bass (0.08g IBW). The result indicates that the best feeding rate was found at 20% BW for sea bass 0.08g IBW. Thus, 90mg protein and 600cal gross energy / g BW daily could be recommended as the maximum growth requirements for sea bass larvae. Also, from the same data, it could be recommended that sea bass larvae (0.08g initial BW) require 3.75mg protein / g BW and 28.14 cal gross energy /g BW daily as maintenance requirements.
Saving shocks with antitachycardia pacing during charging : Treatment for fast ventricular tachycardias

It has been demonstrated that antitachycardia pacing (ATP) for fast ventricular tachycardias may terminate 3 out of 4 of episodes and compared with shocks is safe, equally effective and significantly improves the quality of life. A low incidence of acceleration and syncope was also found. This report describes a case in which the use of antitachycardia pacing therapy while charging capacitors prevented a patient from receiving shocks without any delay in delivering a shock if needed. This patient usually has fast ventricular tachyarrhythmias at 240 ms. Hence the possibility of painless treatment has a great psychological impact on the patient.
A self-stabilizing algorithm for two disjoint minimal dominating sets in an arbitrary graph

In this paper, we present a self-stabilizing algorithm that concurrently finds two disjoint minimal dominating sets in an arbitrary network graph without any isolated node. The worst case convergence time of the algorithm from any arbitrary initial state is <i>O(n</i><sup><i>4</i></sup><i>)</i> where <i>n</i> is the number of nodes in the network.
FAM40A alters the cytoskeleton of podocytes in familial focal and segmental glomerulosclerosis by regulating F-actin and nephrin

Introduction Familial focal and segmental glomerulosclerosis (FFSGS) was found in a large cohort of patients in our previous study. Under the sponsorship of the National Natural Science Foundation of China, we conducted linkage analysis and full exon sequencing on the genomes of 54 patients diagnosed with FFSGS. The results revealed a FAM40A gene signature in those patients. To determine whether FAM40A was associated with podocyte lesions and whether changes in the podocyte cytoskeleton could affect podocyte function, mouse podocytes (MPs) were used in this study. Material and methods FAM40A silencing, over-expression and mutant-type over-expression models of renal MPs were established, whereby roles of wild-type FAM40A and mutant FAM40A (c.1562T>C, p521M>T) in regulating the function of the MP cytoskeleton were explored by using cellular immunofluorescence, RT-qPCR and Western blot. Results FAM40A was expressed and localized in MPs and significantly enriched in the nucleus and perinuclear zone. Changes of FAM40A expression altered the morphology of the MPs and their cytoskeletal organization, which was characterized by disordered distribution of F-actin, loss of the foot process architecture and the functional protein of the slit diaphragm nephrin (p < 0.05 or p < 0.01). FAM40A mutation (p521M>T) led to the formation of round and blunt morphology of the MPs and loss of the foot-process structure. In addition, expression of the cytoskeletal protein F-actin was increased and concentrated in FAM40A mutated cells, whereas the expression of nephrin decreased in those cells (p < 0.01). Conclusions FAM40A played an important role in maintaining the normal morphology and function of MPs by stabilizing the cytoskeleton of MPs. Moreover, mutant FAM40A (p521M>T) was able to alter the morphology and cytoskeleton of the MPs, and to decrease the expression of nephrin, which may be the main factor contributing to FSGS.
Transverse permeability determination and influence in resin flow through an orthotropic medium in the RTM process

Resin Transfer Molding (RTM) process is commonly used to produce high quality polymeric composites with simple or complex geometries in small to large sizes. In RTM process a preformed reinforcement is positioned inside the mold cavity. This dry reinforcement is actually a fibrous porous media whereby resin will flow. The mold is then closed and resin is injected. After complete impregnation of the reinforcement, resin cure process takes place. Numerical simulation is a very useful tool for mold design and process optimization, however resin and reinforced medium physical properties must be precisely determined. Medium permeability is probably the most important and most difficult parameter to be evaluated. In this work it is proposed a numerical/experimental methodology to determine transverse permeability in reinforcements used within RTM process. PAM–RTM software was chosen to simulate resin flow through the reinforced medium. Proposed methodology uses the inverse parameter estimation method to calculate the unknown permeability. Newton-Raphson method was used to solve the associated algebraic equation system, on which PAM–RTM software is used to calculate resin injection times. Results have shown that with previous knowledge (taken from literature or obtained experimentally) of the in-plane permeabilities (Kxx and Kyy), physical properties of the resin (ρ, μ), medium porosity (ε) and total filling time (t) it is possible to estimate transverse permeability in thick pieces. It was also performed a numerical study about the influence of transverse permeability in resin flow inside the mold. This study predicted several possible problems that may occur when transverse permeability is much smaller than in-plane permeabilities. Finally, it is possible to state that mold design and proper fibrous reinforcement choice can be optimized when numerical techniques are used.
The classification of heritage tourists: a case of Hue City, Vietnam

Heritage, especially with World Heritage status, is increasingly becoming the main attraction of many tourist destinations. Heritage tourism is also the major tourism product in Hue city, Vietnam. Hitherto, there are almost no official statistics and research pertaining to heritage tourism as well as heritage tourists in Hue. This study aims at providing a preliminary profile of heritage tourists to Hue city and identifying different categories of heritage tourists, with a special focus on package tourists. The international heritage tourists' profile seems to be similar to official statistics of international arrivals, indicating almost no difference in socio-demographic profile between heritage tourists and general tourists in the context of Hue. Various significant differences were found between international and domestic tourists in terms of tourist characteristics, trip profile and the perception of Hue. Adopting McKercher's [(2002) Towards a classification of cultural tourists. International Journal of Tourism Research, 4, 29–38] cultural tourist classification, five categories of heritage tourists were identified, including purposeful heritage tourists, sightseeing heritage tourists, casual heritage tourists, incidental heritage tourists and serendipitous heritage tourists. Among these, sightseeing heritage tourists and purposeful heritage tourists were dominant.
Anxiolytic activity of ethanolic extract of leaves of Ocimum sanctum in rats

Anxiety is a normal emotional behaviour. When it is severe and/or chronic, however, it becomes pathological and can precipitate or aggravate cardiovascular and psychiatric disorders. Although many drugs are available in allopathic medicine to treat anxiety disorders, they produce various systemic side effects or exhibit tolerance upon chronic use. Benzodiazepines (BZDs) are the major class of compounds used in anxiety and they remain the most commonly prescribed treatment for anxiety. However BZDs have many unwanted side effects that prompted many researchers to evaluate new compounds in the hope of identifying other anxiolytics with fewer side effects. In the present study, we have attempted to evaluate the anxiolytic-like activity of ethanolic extract of leaves of Ocimum sanctum(OS) in rats by employing the two pharmacologically validated models, elevated plus maze and bright and dark arena. The rats were divided into five groups, each group containing six animals. The effects of the test drug OS (at 1.75, 4.25 and 8.5 mg/kg doses), the standard anxiolytic, diazepam (1.0 mg/kg) and control group 1%gum acacia(10ml/kg) were assessed after single and repeated dose administration for ten days. The results suggest that, behavioural disinhibitory effects of OS exhibited anxiolytic like activity comparable to diazepam
Solitonlike pulses in perturbed and driven Hertzian chains and their possible applications in detecting buried impurities

We present detailed numerical studies on the motion of an initial perturbation in a chain of spheres which are characterized by Hertzian contacts. We consider the propagation of the perturbation in the presence and in the absence of gravitational compaction in the chain [see R. S. Sinkovits and S. Sen, Phys. Rev. Lett. 74, 2686 (1995)]. Our results show that robust solitonlike pulses carry the initial perturbation from the surface to the depths of the Hertzian chains for various magnitudes of the initial perturbation at finite loadings of the column. In addition, we probe the structural characteristics of the solitonlike pulse as a function of the magnitude of the initial impact, of loading, and of the gravitational field. Our results suggest that the solitonlike features, while altered, persist at finite gravitational fields when the compaction of grains with increasing depth becomes important. In the presence of light mass impurities in the Hertzian chain, we present evidence of backscattering of the solitonlike pulse and suggest that acoustic backscattering can be a possible probe of buried light mass impurities in granular beds. In closing, we discuss the propagation of perturbations in finite Hertzian chains when the surface grain is coupled to a transducer which vibrates with very low amplitude and frequency, and we report the formation of metastable standing-wave-like patterns in finite Hertzian chains.
Incidence of Emerging and Innovative Climate Change Adaptation Practices for Smallholder Farmers' in Nachingwea District, Southern Tanzania

In view of the spatial hierarchical order of factors influencing farmers’ decision making on climate change adaptation we should note that adaptation occurs at two main levels; farm level that focuses on micro-level analysis of farmer decision making and national, or macro-level factors that are concerned about agricultural production at the national and regional scales. The purpose of this paper is to understand the factors determining smallholder farmers’ adaptation strategies to climate change, in Nachingwea district and toward sustainable management of their agricultural production and livelihood. Both primary and secondary data were used. Primary data were collected by use of structured questionnaires, key informant interviews and focus group discussions. Based on the research plan, a total of 250 individual households were randomly selected and interviewed. About 92% of smallholder farmers in the study area indicated climate change is really happening. To smallholder farmers the concept “climate change” was associated with variability in weather conditions such as rainfall inconsistency and unpredictability over years. At the community level the effects of climate change and variability were revealed through food shortages as reported by 52.8% of the respondents, infestation of uncommon pests (53.5%), too much rainfall (43.2%), diminishing rainfall/drought (64.6%) and human diseases (32.5%). The findings of this study have important policy implications for the promotion of climate change adaptation strategies at the farm level in semi‐arid regions, coastal area and elsewhere. To facilitate farmer's investment in long‐term adaptation options, government should ensure that tenure arrangements, even in communal smallholder farming system in the country, are secured.
Phases of the Waves Diffracted by Relief Gratings and the Energy Conservation in Wave Mixing Experiments

In this paper we analyze the wave mixing between the waves diffracted by a relief grating, in order to und erstand the relation b etween the phases of t he diffracted waves and the geometrical parameters of t he grating. Theoretical calculations of t hese phases as well as experimental measurements were presented demonstrating the validity of the analysis.
Fairness Norms Can Explain the Emergence of Specific Cooperation Norms in the Battle of the Prisoner's Dilemma

Cooperation norms often emerge in situations, where the long term collective benefits help to overcome short run individual interests, for instance in repeated Prisoner's Dilemma (PD) situations. Often, however, there are different paths to cooperation, benefiting different kinds of actors to different degrees. This leads to payoff asymmetries even in the state of cooperation, and consequently can give rise to normative conflicts about which norms should be in place. This norm coordination problem will be modeled as a Battle of the Sexes game (BoS) with different degrees of asymmetry in payoffs. I combine the PD and the BoS to the 3 × 3 Battle of the Prisoner's Dilemma (BOPD) with several asymmetric cooperative and 1 noncooperative equilibria. Game theoretical and “behavioral” predictions are derived about the kind of norms that are likely to emerge under different shadows of the future and degrees of asymmetry and tested in a lab experiment. The experimental data show that game theory fairly well predicts the basic main effects of the experimental manipulations but “behavioral” predictions perform better in describing the equilibrium selection process of emerging norms.
1 Shade of Grey:Simplify to Excel in Sketching for IndustrialDesign Engineers

Sketching is a fast way to explore or communicate ideas and can be done instantly with almost no planning. Sketches are quick, dynamic and iterative. They can be made in many ways but are traditionally created by using pen and paper. This is one of the most efficient tools to trigger the creative process and keep it going. In the educational context where sketching and artistic skills are a compromise between traditional engineering and traditional Design education some problems can be identified. At the Industrial Design engineering program at Lulea University of Technology (LTU) the students are accepted on their grades only, and students attending sketch classes at LTU come from a wide range of backgrounds. As a result of this the sketching education must be tailored for students ranging from experienced level to inexperienced. When there are a lot of students and time is limited, learning activities must be implemented according to this reality. A way to speed up the learning process is to reduce the cognitive load. Too many possibilities and factors confuse students that are inexperienced in the field. The activities should also help keeping the rate of practice up and eliminate things that are not part of the intended learning outcome. This paper shows how a simple change of tools in the sketching class makes huge impact on the progress and discusses the mechanisms behind the effect.
Diversity of butterflies in the agricultural landscape: the role of farming system and landscape heterogeneity.

To examine the importance of management practices and landscape structure on diversity of butterflies 16 farms with organic or conventional management were censused during 1997 and 1998. On each farm a transect route was walked during July and the beginning of August, six times in 1997 and five times in 1998. The farms were located in the central part of Sweden in two adjacent regions with the same pool of species. The organic and conventional farms were paired with help of the Bray-Curtis dissimilarity index according to land use to control for landscape structure on the farm level. On each farm calculations were made of large- and small-scale landscape heterogeneity with the help of GIS. A grid with a mesh size of 400 m was placed over each farm and the small-scale heterogeneity was calculated as the mean habitat diversity of four squares. The large-scale landscape heterogeneity described the landscape in which the farms were imbedded, and covered an area of 5x5 km. No differences in butterfly diversity, number of species or number of observations were noted between organic and conventional farms. Butterfly diversity was positively correlated with small-scale landscape heterogeneity while butterfly abundance was positively correlated with large-scale heterogeneity. Both large-scale and small-scale heterogeneity were important for the composition of species. The landscape structure seemed to be more important for butterfly diversity and species composition than the farming system in itself.
Effect of Acacia angustissima leaf meal on performance, yield of carcass components and meat quality of broilers

The study determined the appropriate levels of including Acacia angustissima leaf meal in broiler diets for optimum performance, carcass part yield, and meat quality characteristics. One hundred and fifty broiler chicks were allocated to 0%, 5%, and 10% A. angustissima leaf meal-based diets in a completely randomized design, with five replicates per treatment. Weekly feed intake and live weights were measured. Weekly weight gains and feed conversion ratios were calculated. At six weeks, two birds per replicate were slaughtered and dressed. Carcass and portion yields were determined. Breast proximate components, CIELAB colour variations, cooking loss and shear force were estimated. Consumer preferences for colour, aroma, taste, flavour and tenderness were determined. Voluntary feed intake (VFI), weekly weight gain, weekly live weights and feed conversion ratios (FCR) were the same across treatments at two weeks. At weeks 4 and 6, the control and 5% groups outperformed the 10% group. Increasing dietary leaf meal had no effect on dressing out percentage, but decreased carcass weight from 1456 g to 1060 g, breast yield from 36.83% to 32.69%, breast meat to bone ratio from 4.77% to 2.94%, and proportion of drumstick skin from 11.57% to 7.92%. It also resulted in increased yield of thighs from 14.63% to 15.97%, proportion of thigh skin from 11.50% to 14.31% and breast skin proportion from 5.37% to 7.95%. The leaf meal had no effect on the proximate components of breast meat. The L* values decreased from 53.66 to 49.23; the b* values increased from 12.93 to 19.97; shear force increased from 14.14 N to 14.54 N; and cooking loss increased from 5.95% to 7.64% with increasing leaf meal levels. It was concluded that up to 5% A. angustissima leaf meal inclusion has no negative effect on performance, yield of carcass parts and meat quality characteristics of broilers. Keywords: Breast, colour, cooking loss, shear force, taste
Aflatoxicosis in Broilers: Efficacy of a Commercial Mycotoxin Binder on Performance and Immunity Parameters

Experimental mycotoxicosis was induced into broiler chickens by feeding 0.6ppm aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) and 0.2% commercial mycotoxin binder (BINDER) from 0 to 42 days of age using 240 day old chicks to evaluate the body weight, feed consumption, FCR and antibody response against ND, IB and AI. AF fed birds showed a clear indication of aflatoxicosis by reduces in body weight, feed consumption and increase in FCR almost at all weeks. The antibody titers are also affected by incorporation of AF into the diet at 42 days of age. The addition of binder could significantly alter the adverse effects of AF and in absence of AF, when binder alone was fed to chicks; the better performance was recorded, when compared with control group. The study revealed that AF and binder in combination could act cumulatively and adversely affect the health of broiler chicken.
The Financial Economics of White Precious Metals - A Survey

This article provides a review of the academic literature on the financial economics of silver, platinum and palladium. The survey covers the findings on a wide variety of topics relation to the White Precious Metals including Market Efficiency, Forecastability, Behavioral Findings, Diversification Benefits, Volatility Drivers, Macroeconomic Determinants, and their relationships with other assets.
The Consistency between Analysts’ Earnings Forecast Errors and Recommendations

2 INTRODUCTION 4 BACKGROUND AND HYPOTHESIS 4 DATA AND METHODOLOGY 5 I. SAMPLE SELECTION CRITERIA 5 II. COMPUTATION OF EXPLANATORY VARIABLES 6 RESULTS 9 I. TWO-BY-TWO MATRIX AND TWO-SAMPLE T-TESTS 9 II. REGRESSION ANALYSES 11 CONCLUSION 13 REFERENCES 15