Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Flail Chest Management in ARDS (Heru Koesbijanto)

Flail chest complicates about 10% to 20% of patients with blunt chest trauma and is associated with a mortality rate ranging from 10% to 35%. The management of severe flail chest has gradually changed over years, as a consequence of improved ventilatory techniques and better understanding of the pathophysiology of the complex traumatic acute respiratory failure syndrome. At present, it is widely accepted that respiratory impairment in flail chest patients is only partially due to inefficient ventilation related to the paradoxical movement of the chest wall, but is significantly influenced by other associated thoracic injuries, in particular pulmonary contusion and atelectasis. In the last decade, the mainstay of treatment of severe flail chest has shifted from the treatment of the flail segment to the management of associated thoracic injuries with particular attention to pulmonary contusion. Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is a serious reaction to various forms of injuries to the lung. This is the most important disorder resulting in increased permeability pulmonary oedema ARDS is a severe lung disease caused by a variety of direct and indirect insults. It is characterized by inflammation of the lung parenchyma leading to impaired gas exchange with concomitant systemic release of inflammatory mediators causing inflammation, hypoxemia and frequently resulting in multiple organ failure. This condition is life threatening and often lethal, usually requiring mechanical ventilation and admission to an intensive care unit. A less severe form is called acute lung injury (ALI).
NONPARAMETRIC METHODS FOR THE CHARACTERISTICS MODEL Laura Blow

Characteristics models have been found to be useful in many areas of economics. However, their empirical implementation tends to rely heavily on functional form assumptions. In this paper we develop a revealed preference-based nonparametric approach to characteristics models. We derive the minimal necessary and sufficient empirical conditions under which data on the market behaviour of individual, heterogeneous, pricetaking consumers are nonparametrically consistent with the consumer characteristics model. Where these conditions hold, we show how information may be recovered on individual consumer’s marginal valuations of product attributes. In some cases marginal valuations are point identified and in other cases we can only recover bounds. Where the conditions fail we highlight the role which the introduction of unobserved product attributes can play in rationalising the data. We implement these ideas using consumer panel data on the Danish milk market.
Comparative Analysis of Distance Metrics for Designing an Effective Content-based Image Retrieval System Using Colour and Texture Features

An enormous amount of information in the form of image and video are dispersed all over the world like any other data therefore, retrieval of a query image from a large database of images is an important undertaking in the area of computer vision and image processing. The traditional text-based approaches for searching images are slow and inefficient. Content-based image retrieval (CBIR) provides the solution for efficient retrieval of the image from these image databases. In this paper, an efficient CBIR system is proposed using various colour and texture features. Colour features such as Colour Moments and HSV Histogram and Texture Features like Local Binary Patterns (LBP) are used. Various distance metrics are analysed for retrieval and their performance is compared to get the best distance metric for better retrieval performance. From the experimental analyses on benchmark (WANG) database, it is observed that the City block distance performs consistently encouraging from other measures. Also this paper has introduced the combination of HSV and LBP histogram and evaluated the retrieval performance. The obtained results are very promising than other variants of colour and texture features.
Stoneflies of Unusual Size: Population Genetics and Systematics Within Pteronarcyidae (Plecoptera)

Stoneflies of Unusual Size: Population Genetics and Systematics Within Pteronarcyidae (Plecoptera) John S. Sproul Department of Biology, BYU Master of Science Chapter 1. The family Pteronarcyidae (Plecoptera) is a highly studied group of stoneflies and very important to a wide variety of aquatic studies. Several phylogenies have been proposed for this group recent decades, however there is little congruence between the various topologies. The present study revises the phylogeny of the group by combining molecular data from mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase subunit II, ribosomal subunit 12S, ribosomal subunit 16S, and nuclear loci ribosomal subinit 18S and Histone H3, with published morphological data in a parsimony-based total evidence analysis. The analysis produced a well-supported phylogeny with novel relationships within the genus Pteronarcys. Maximum Likelihood and Bayesian analyses produced topologies congruent with parsimony analysis. Character mapping revealed several homoplasious morphological characters that were previously thought to be homologous. Chapter 2. Phylogeographic studies in aquatic insects provide valuable insights into mechanisms that shape the genetic structure of aquatic communities. Yet studies that include broad geographic areas are uncommon for this group. We conducted a broad scale phylogeographic analysis of P. badia across western North America. In order to allow us to generate a larger mitochondrial data set, we used 454 seqeuncing to reconstruct the complete mitochondrial genome in the early stages of the project. Our analysis reveals what appears to be a complex history of isolation and multiple invasions among some lineages. The study provides evidence of multiple glacial refugia and suggests that historical climactic isolations have been important mechanisms in determining genetic structure of insects in western North America. Our ability to generate a large mitochondrial data set through mitochondrial genome reconstruction greatly improved nodal support of our mitochondrial gene tree, and allowed us to make stronger inference of relationships between lineages and timing of divergence events.
Real Versus Nominal Adjustment Mechanism in the Malaysian Demand for Money Function

ABSTRAK Artikel ini mengkaji isu mengenai mekanisme penyesuaian 'benar' atau nominal di dalam jungsi permintaan wang di Malaysia. Ujian kestabilan dan kebolehan unjuran ex-post terhadap model tersebut juga dibuat. Keputusan empirikal menunjukkan bahawa bagi Ml, kedua-dua spesifikasi adalah model yang sebenar. Bagi M2 dan M3 pula, spesifikasi nominal adalah model yang sebenar. Ujian kestabilan menunjukkan bahawa cuma spesifikasi 'benar'stabil bagi M2 dan M3, dan keputusan unjuran ex-post menyatakan bahawa spesifikasi nominal memberi kebolehan unjuran yang lebih baik, dibandingkan dengan spesifikasi 'benar' bagifungsi permintaan wang di Malaysia.
NUMERICAL INVESTIGATION OF A CAPSULE-SHAPED PARTICLE SETTLING IN A VERTICAL CHANNEL

The previously developed lattice Boltzmann – direct forcing/fictitious domain method is improved by introducing a multiple-relaxation-time model, and a detailed investigation of sedimentation of a capsule-shaped particle settling in a channel is carried out. The effects of blockage ratio on the sedimentation pattern at low Reynolds numbers are studied. It concludes that for a narrow channel, besides vertical and horizontal pattern, there exists another sedimentation pattern named inclined pattern. Through a large amount of simulations, two critical lines are obtained, which divide the three patterns based on the critical values of density ratio.
METODOLOGIA PARA QUANTIFICAÇÃO DE LEUCÓCITOS TOTAIS EM PEIXE, OREOCHROMIS NILOTICUS

Haematological investigation is an important part of disease diagnosis. The techniques used for mammals are generally applicable for fishes with slight modification. The presence of nucleated erythrocytes and thrombocytes in fish may cause some confusion in the identification of blood cells, mainly in total leukocytes count. This work evaluated two different methods (direct and indirect) of leukocytes counting. Specimens of tilapia were divided randomly into four groups of 48 fish each. Each group was further randomized into three replicate experiments of 16 fish per replicate in 40 L aquarium and maintained for 10 days. Counting of leukocytes in peripheral blood was determined in six fishes per group at the times: 0, 3, 7 and 10 days. The direct method in Neubauer chamber showed a large dispersion of data in regard to the average, the opposite was observed in indirect method determined in blood smears that showed more homogeneity among groups. Due to this factor the indirect method can be considered more accurate than the direct method for counting leukocytes in fishes.
Computational Modelling and Optimal Control of Ebola Virus Disease with non-Linear Incidence Rate

The 2014 Ebola outbreak in West Africa has exposed the need to connect modellers and those with relevant data as pivotal to better understanding of how the disease spreads and quantifying the effects of possible interventions. In this paper, we model and analyse the Ebola virus disease with non-linear incidence rate. The epidemic model created is used to describe how the Ebola virus could potentially evolve in a population. We perform an uncertainty analysis of the basic reproductive number R0 to quantify its sensitivity to other disease-related parameters. We also analyse the sensitivity of the final epidemic size to the time control interventions (education, vaccination, quarantine and safe handling) and provide the cost effective combination of the interventions.
Interactive comment on “Evaluation of a new convective cloud field model: precipitation over the maritime continent” by H.-F. Graf and J. Yang

This paper reports an effort of evaluating the “convective cloud field model” (CCFM) developed by the authors in simulating precipitation over the western Pacific region. The simulations are done for a full year period using a limited-area climate model with 0.5 degree horizontal resolution coupled with either CCFM or a standard convection parameterization scheme (Tiedtke scheme). To assess the performance of CCFM, the modeled precipitation patterns have been compared to the GPCP precipitation estimation as well as the modeled results using the standard convection scheme.
Attachment as a predictor of friendship qualities in college youth

This study examined the relationship between adult attachment style and fiiendship qualities in a sample of 330 undergraduates using the Adult Attachment Measure (Hazan & Shaver, 1987) and the Friendship Qualities Scale (Bukowski, Hoza, & Boivin, 1994). Results indicated that securely attached individuals showed higher levels of transcending problems in their friendships and lower levels of conflict, while avoidant individuals showed higher levels of conflict and lower levels of companionship. Interactions between attachment style, sex of the participant, and the sex of the friend (same/opposite sex) suggested the combined impact of these variables on specific friendship qualities.
Maturity Models Development in IS Research: A Literature Review

Maturity models are widespread in IS research and in particular, IT practitioner communities. However, theoretically sound, methodologically rigorous and empirically validated maturity models are quite rare. This literature review paper focuses on the challenges faced during the development of maturity models. Specifically, it explores maturity models literature in IS and standard guidelines, if any to develop maturity models, challenges identified and solutions proposed. Our systematic literature review of IS publications revealed over hundred and fifty articles on maturity models. Extant literature reveals that researchers have primarily focused on developing new maturity models pertaining to domain-specific problems and/or new enterprise technologies. We find rampant re-use of the design structure of widely adopted models such as Nolan’s Stage of Growth Model, Crosby’s Grid, and Capability Maturity Model (CMM). Only recently have there been some research efforts to standardize maturity model development. We also identify three dominant views of maturity models and provide guidelines for various approaches of constructing maturity models with a standard vocabulary. We finally propose using process theories and configurational approaches to address the main theoretical criticisms with regard to maturity models and conclude with some recommendations for maturity model developers.
Aerodynamic Drag Reduction of a Square-Back Car Model Using Linear Genetic Programming and Physic-Based Control

The thesis aims to develop effective active flow control strategies for aerodynamic drag reduction of road vehicles.We experimentally examine the effects of fluidic actuation on the wake past a simplified square-back car model.The actuation is performed with pulsed jets at trailing edges and the flow is monitored with 16 pressure sensors distributed at the rear side. We address the challenging nonlinear turbulence control---which is often beyond the capabilities of model-oriented approach---by developing a simple yet powerful model-free control strategy: the data-driven linear genetic programming control (LGPC). This method explores and exploits strongly nonlinear dynamics in an unsupervised manner with no or little prior knowledge about the system. The control problem is to find a control logic which optimizes a given cost function by employing linear genetic programming as an easy and simple regression solver in a high-dimensional control search space. In particular, the present work advances and generalizes the previous studies of genetic programming control by comprising multi-frequency forcing, sensor-based feedback including also time-history information feedback and combinations thereof in the control search space. The performance of LGPC is successfully demonstrated on the drag control experiments of the car model where the investigated turbulent wake exhibits a spanwise symmetry and a wall-normal asymmetry. Approximately 33% base pressure recovery associated with 22% drag reduction is achieved in all considered classes of control laws. The consumed actuation energy accounts for only 30% of the aerodynamic power saving. In this research, we also study the turbulent wakes having a lateral asymmetry: an intermittent bi-modal wake at zero yaw and an asymmetric wake at a moderate yaw angle of 5 degree. For the bimodal wake exhibiting are flectional symmetry-breaking, a physics-based opposition feedback control is inferred from the previous open loop control tests. The controller successfully suppresses the bi-modality of the wake and renders a symmetrized wake with a concomitant drag reduction. For the asymmetric wake at yaw, we infer from the single-frequency forcing results a bi-frequency control at the windward edge comprising two frequencies having one order of magnitude difference. This bi-frequency actuation combines the favorable effects of fluidic boat-tailing and balance control of the shear layers. Importantly, LGPC is also applied to this yawed situation and converges to the same bi-frequency actuation. The control strategies proposed in the present study open promising new paths for the control of drag reduction in more complex conditions such as the varying oncoming velocity and wind gust.
On a Finite Volume Discretization of the Three-dimensional Biot Poroelas-ticity System in Multilayered Domains Berichte

In this paper we propose a finite volume discretization for the threedimensional Biot poroelasticity system in multilayered domains. For the stability reasons, staggered grids are used. The discretization accounts for discontinuity of the coefficients across the interfaces between layers with different physical properties. Numerical experiments, based on the proposed discretization showed second order convergence in the maximum norm for the primary as well as flux unknowns of the system. A certain application example is presented as well. 2000 Mathematics Subject Classification: 65M06;74S10;74L10;76S05.
Body weight distributions of European Hymenoptera

Ulrich, W. 2006. Body weight distributions of European Hymenoptera. Oikos 114: 518528. Species numberbody weight distributions are generally thought to be skewed to the right. Hence it is assumed that the number of relatively small species is larger than the number of relatively large species. While this pattern is well documented in vertebrates, comparative studies on larger invertebrate taxa are still scarce. Here I show that the weight distributions of European Hymenoptera (based on 12 601 species body weight data compiled from major catalogues) do not exhibit a general trend towards right skewed speciesbody weight distributions. Skewness did not depend on the number of species per taxon. Species richness peaked at intermediate body weights irrespective of taxonomic level. Kernel density analysis revealed that hymenopteran taxa had between one and four peaks in their size distributions with larger taxa having fewer peaks. Within genus variability in body weight was allometrically related to mean body weight (s 2 /m 1.81 ) in line with a proportional rescaling pattern. These results call for a rethinking about the generality of current vertebrate centred models of body size evolution.
Gradual Information Diffusion and Contrarian Strategies

Various rational and behavioral models have been proposed to explain contrarian portfolio returns. In this article, I test the gradual information diffusion model of Hong and Stein [Hong, H. , & Stein J. C. (1999). A unified theory of underreaction, momentum trading, and overreaction in asset markets. Journal of Finance, 54, 2143-2184]. Specifically, I study contrarian strategies based on past long-term returns and fundamental value-to-price ratios. Using ex post returns as a proxy for expected returns and size-controlled analyst coverage as a proxy for the rate of information diffusion, I show that contrarian portfolio returns decline monotonically with increasing rates of information diffusion. These results are consistent with the predictions of the Hong and Stein model. In addition, I show that analyst coverage is more important among glamour than value stocks, supporting the view that investors are more prone to decision biases when it comes to pricing hard-to-value glamour stocks for which information is relatively more ambiguous.
Methods behaving differently: The effects of method of data analysis on understanding student satisfaction with their educational experience

This is a large-scale survey (138 modules, 2650 questionnaires) into student satisfaction at the School of Health and Social Care of a British University in the UK. We assessed the extent and influence of the statistical method employed in the analysis of satisfaction data on the actual understanding of student satisfaction. Satisfaction was computed by four commonly used statistical methods of analyses of satisfaction data selected through literature review. After scrutiny, one was chosen to act as the ‘preferred method’. Each method was used to individually analyse the dataset twice: once without controlling for the effects of variables and clusters that were under investigation; and again after controlling for such effects. Findings of the analyses were compared to those of the ‘preferred method’. After controlling, some initially observed effects of some variables on satisfaction were subsequently lost. Compared to the findings of the ‘preferred method’, different methods exhibited over- or underestimation of satisfaction. Satisfied students were post-qualifying students who attended term one, academic level 2 modules in smaller classes (in terms of student numbers) and whose assessments were 50/50 combinations of coursework/ exams.
HOST PLANT RESISTANCE TO STORED-PRODUCT INSECTS IN VARIETIES AND HYBRIDS OF RICE

Differential susceptibility to stored product insects was observed among commercial u.s. varieties of rice in 1972. Subsequently about 1,000 varieties of rice from the U.S.D.A. World Collection were assembled and screened for resistance to Sitotroga cerealella and about 30 varieties were selected as potential sources of resistance. Three of the most promising varieties were crossed with the susceptible cultivar 'Vista' for genetic studies. The inheritance of resistance to Sitotroga cereale1la was studied in segregating populations of Vista x CI 7097 and Vista x PI 1670849 through the F3 generation. Inheritance studies in the cross Vista x Mutica (CI 12273) have been conducted through five generations and are continuing. Resistance appears to be controlled po1ygenically, with some evidence of partial dominance. The correlation coefficient between the reaction to S. ce.eale1la of F2 plants and the means of F3 lines derived from them was ~7, and the coefficient of determination, i.e., r2, was 0.49. There was a strong tendency for lines that were resistant to S. cerealella to be also resistant to Rhyzopertha dominica and Sitophilus oryzae, the correlations between reactions to the different insects being greater than 0.9. The only resistance base that has been positively identified derives from the integrity of the rice hull. However, weak correlations between resistance and some physico-chemical characteristics suggest that chemical or nutritional factors might be involved in resistance. Mutica is the most promising source of resistance to stored-product insects yet discovered. It is being used in the breeding programs at Beaumont in an attempt to develop resistant rice cultivars.
EFFECT OF SOWING DATES OF THREE COWPEA CULTIVARS ON THEIR INFESTATION RATE WITH COWPEA POD BORER ETIELLA ZINCKENELLA [ 18 ]

Field trials were conducted during 2005 and 2006 seasons at Minofia governorate to evaluate the effect of planting date of three cowpea cultivars on their infestation rate with cowpea pod borer, Etiella zienckenella. For each cowpea cultivar planted at each tested date, the numbers of bores and larvae were counted in green and dry pods as well as in dry seeds and the means were obtained to estimate the degree of insect infestations. Results indicated that, regardless the planting date in both seasons, Kream7 was the highest resistant cultivar to insect infestation followed by Kaha1 and then Kafr El Shikh1. On the other hand, regardless the cowpea cultivar, the rate of insect infestation was greatly reduced at the early plantation. Thus, selection of Kream7 cultivar and early plantation could be involved in reducing E. zinckenella infestation and subsequently increase the cowpea yield. These studies clearly demonstrated that several non-insecticidal approaches have great potential for cowpea pod borer Etiella zinckenella management. These approaches include some of integrated pest management strategies which can effectively prevent or reduce infestation.