Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Point mutations of the N‐ras gene in the blood plasma DNA of patients with myelodysplastic syndrome or acute myelogenous leukaemia

Summary. Oncogene mutations are frequently found in several tumour types and, among these, point mutations of the ras gene are particularly significant. A predominance of N‐ras mutations has been found in the bone marrow DNA of patients with myelodysplatic syndrome (MDS) or acute myelogenous leukaemia (AML). On the other hand, increased levels of plasma DNA have previously been observed in patients suffering from various malignant diseases. In the present work we have investigated, by polymerase chain reaction (PCR), point mutations of the N‐ras gene in the DNA of plasma, blood cells and bone marrow of 10 patients suffering from AML or MDS. The different ras mutations detected in five cases were always present in the plasma DNA while sometimes absent in the DNA of peripheral blood cells or bone marrow. This indicates that a bone marrow biopsy or aspiration does not necessarily contain all the malignant clones involved in the disease. Plasma could thus prove to be an easily accessible and useful material for detection and monitoring of myeloid disorders.
Energy Based Mode Tracking of Hybrid Systems

Hybrid systems consist of continuous and discrete dynamics. These systems can be described with a set of modes, where in each mode the system is governed by a continuous dynamics, and different modes correspond to different continuous models. For hybrid systems, model-based fault detection and isolation (FDI) is a challenging task, since system's prevailing dynamical model and the system's current mode (discrete state) are mutual dependent and intertwined. This paper introduces a new energy based approach for mode tracking of physical systems with hybrid dynamics. A Hybrid Bond Graph systematic analysis is utilized to characterize each system's mode with compact energy relations. To track system's modes, we monitor these energy relations in real time. The result is an energy based mode tracker that is more efficient in terms of computational resources than existing techniques.
Abnormal Optokinetic and Perceptual Span Parameters in Cerebellar-Vestibular Dysfunction and Related Anxiety Disorders

As prior studies indicated abnormal cerebellar-vestibular-based sensorimotor mechanisms and neurological and ENG diagnostic parameters in anxiety disorders and because ocular fixation and sequential scanning are cerebellar-vestibular-modulated, it appeared reasonable to measure these and related ocular functions in matched samples of anxiety-disordered and control subjects. In this study, the optokinetically-determined fixation, sequential scanning, and perceptual span capacities obtained by means of a newly revised blurring-speed method were significantly lower or impaired in 70 anxiety-disordered patients vs 70 controls. Such data supported further the hypothesis that there may be cerebellar-vestibular predispositions to anxiety disorders and the optokinetically-based tracking method may prove useful in separating a diverse array of CV-determined or related anxiety symptoms from those of other origins. However, independent validation as well as additional studies of anxiety disorders using larger samples vs random or “normal” controls are required before conclusions are justified.
Frequency of genetic mutations associated with thromboembolism in the Western Black Sea Region.

OBJECTIVE We aimed to determine the prevalences of important genetic causes of thromboembolism for the first time in the western Black Sea Region of Turkey. PATIENTS AND METHODS One hundred and eighty-eight patients diagnosed early with thrombophilia were included in the study. The samples were genotyped using real-time LightCycler. RESULTS Of the 188 patients, 179 (95.2%) had one or more mutations. The frequencies of Factor V (FV) Leiden (FVL, G1691A), FV H1299R (A1299G), Factor II (FII G20210A), methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) C677T and A1298C were 11.7%, 5.6%, 2.5%, 30.4% and 39.1%, respectively. FV1691A was commonly represented in deep venous thrombosis (34.2%). The highest frequencies of FV1299G and FII20210A were in the vascular headache and deep venous thrombosis groups (10% and 10.5%, respectively). MTHFR677T was common in the pulmonary embolism (37%). MTHFR1298C frequency was 55.9% in recurrent abortus. Within-group comparisons yielded significant differences in the distributions of the FVL and FV H1299R mutations (p=0.002 and p=0.039, respectively). CONCLUSION There were significant positive associations between venous thromboembolism and FVL and FV H1299R. FVL mutation in DVT may be an important predisposing factor that needs to be tested routinely in this population.
A circle disturbance observer based on spatial periodicity for circle systems

In motion control systems, disturbance suppression control is necessary to realize high precision control. Conventionally, control methods are designed on the basis of temporal dynamics. However, most disturbances are generated and related to moving conditions and actuator structures. In this paper, circle systems such as circle movements and structures are modeled, and a circle disturbance observer is proposed to suppress circle disturbances generated by the circle systems. The proposed method is designed by considering the spatial periodicity of the circle systems. It can reduce necessary estimated disturbances to memorize on the basis of the spatial periodicity. In order to compare the proposed method with a disturbance observer, simulations were conducted. The validity of the proposed method was confirmed by the experiments.
A Butterfly-Based Direct Integral-Equation Solver Using Hierarchical LU Factorization for Analyzing Scattering From Electrically Large Conducting Objects

A butterfly-based direct combined-field integral-equation (CFIE) solver for analyzing scattering from electrically large, perfect electrically conducting objects is presented. The proposed solver leverages the butterfly scheme to compress blocks of the hierarchical LU-factorized discretized CFIE operator and uses randomized butterfly reconstruction schemes to expedite the factorization. The memory requirement and computational cost of the direct butterfly-CFIE solver scale as <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$O(N\log ^{2}N)$ </tex-math></inline-formula> and <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$O(N^{1.5}\log N)$ </tex-math></inline-formula>, respectively. These scaling estimates permit significant memory and CPU savings when compared to those realized by low-rank decomposition-based solvers. The efficacy and accuracy of the proposed solver are demonstrated through its application to the analysis of scattering from canonical and realistic objects involving up to 14 million unknowns.
An empirical examination of the corporate social performance - the financial performance relationship in China based on the different measures perspective

Previous work has indicated that the empirical relationship between Corporate Social Performance (CSP) and financial performance has some contradictory results. Using a set of large-sample data on the surveyed questionnaire, this paper reports that CSP is partially found to be positively associated with Corporate Financial Performance (CFP) in China. The results also show that CSP consists of CSP disclosures, CSP reputation ratings and social audits measures, while the measures of CSP is associated with three broad strategies: market-based, accounting-based and perceptual (survey) measures. The study affirms that the different measures of CSP have a different effect on the different measures of CFP after controlling for industry type and firm size (with size measured in three ways).
Development of compact seeded terahertz free-electron laser amplifier system at Kyoto University

We are developing a compact seeded terahertz (THz) free-electron laser (FEL) amplifier at the Institute of Advanced Energy, Kyoto University. The system consists of a photocathode RF-gun, a focusing solenoid magnet, a magnetic bunch compressor, focusing quadrupoles, an undulator, a laser system for the RF-gun and a THz parametric generator for seeding. The seeded THz lasers are amplified by FEL interaction inside the undulator. The target radiation wavelength is 300 to 800 μm. As the first step of the development, we evaluate expected power of coherent synchrotron radiations (CSRs). As the result it is found that the bunch charge from 50 to 75 pC will be suitable operation condition.
Referral and counter-referral system between secondary and tertiary care facilities in a children's hospital network of Greater Buenos Aires.

INTRODUCTION Hospital El Cruce is a tertiary care facility which is part of a healthcare network that has been operating since July 2008 and includes health centers from five municipalities of the South of Greater Buenos Aires. The objective of the study was to describe the referral and counter-referral system at the pediatric intermediate medical care unit of the Hospital El Cruce, the tertiary level care of the network, and secondly to identify the critical points that could go against the consolidation of the network and to analyze the level of knowledge about it. POPULATION AND METHODS This was a cross-sectional, prospective study conducted at the pediatric intermediate medical care unit of Hospital El Cruce between July 2008 and December 2010. Indicators related to patient admission and discharge were analyzed. A survey was administered to all the heads of the network's pediatric departments in order to assess the level of knowledge they had about it. RESULTS A total of1677patients were hospitalized; 83.9% were referred from the network. Of all referrals made, 71.1% were accepted. There were 156 patients (9.4%) who were counter-referred to the referring facility. The survey results showed that 70% of heads of pediatric departments were unaware of the range of services provided by the network. CONCLUSIONS Health care exchange was predominantly based on accepting patients referred from secondary care facilities to Hospital El Cruce and a minimum number of counter-referrals to referring facilities, with a radial pattern dynamics. There was scarce knowledge about the availability of the network health service delivery.
GABAA receptor antagonists prevent abnormalities in leptin, insulin and amylin actions on paraventricular hypothalamic neurons of overweight rats

The hypothalamic regulatory system of body weight which develops in rats during critical periods of early postnatal life seems to express plastic changes depending on nutrition at that time. Adult rats previously exposed to early postnatal overnutrition by raising them in small litters become persistently predisposed to overweight, hyperphagia and hyperleptinaemia. The hypothesis was raised that feeding‐related peptides could be involved through altered effects on neuronal activity of the regulatory systems of such rats. This was studied on brain slices of small‐litter rats and normal‐weight controls between days 60 and 120 of life. Neurons of the medial parvocellular part of the paraventricular nucleus were significantly activated by the adiposity signals leptin, insulin and amylin in controls. This is a kind of negative feedback, because activation of these neurons is known to be followed in vivo by increased energy expenditure. GABAergic mechanisms seem to affect these neuronal responses because the activating effects of insulin and amylin were reduced in the presence of a GABAA receptor antagonist. In overweight small‐litter rats, however, the neuronal responses to the adiposity signals were significantly changed; activating effects were reduced and inhibitory effects increased. By means of blockade of GABAA receptors, significant alterations in the neuronal responses to leptin, insulin and amylin in small‐litter rats were prevented. Responses to the peptides were reversed and now resembled those of controls. In conclusion, changes in neuronal wiring with GABAergic interneurons seem to contribute to a persistently reduced negative feedback of adiposity signals in early postnatally overfed rats.
Aurally Aided Visual Search in Three-Dimensional Space

We conducted an experiment to evaluate the effectiveness of spatial audio displays on target acquisition performance. Participants performed a visual search task with and without the aid of a spatial audio display. Potential target locations ranged between plus and minus 180° in azimuth and from -70° to +90° in elevation. Independent variables included the number of visual distractors present (1, 5, 10, 25, 50) and the spatial audio condition (no spatial audio, free-field spatial audio, virtual spatial audio). Results indicated that both free-field and virtual audio cues engendered a significant decrease in search times. Potential applications of this research include the design of spatial audio displays for aircraft cockpits and ground combat vehicles.
Tensile properties of the human femur-anterior cruciate ligament-tibia complex

The structural properties of 27 pairs of human cadaver knees were evaluated. Specimens were equally divided into three groups of nine pairs each based on age: younger (22 to 35 years), middle (40 to 50 years), and older (60 to 97 years). Anterior-posterior displacement tests with the intact knee at 30° and 90° of flexion revealed a significant effect of knee flexion angle, but not of specimen age. Tensile tests of the femur-ACL- tibia complex were performed at 30° of knee flexion with the ACL aligned vertically along the direction of applied tensile load. One knee from each pair was oriented anatomically (anatomical orientation), and the contralateral knee was oriented with the tibia aligned vertically (tibial orientation). Structural properties of the femur-ACL-tibia complex, as represented by the linear stiffness, ultimate load, and energy absorbed, were found to decrease significantly with specimen age and were also found to have higher values in specimens tested in the anatomical orientation. In the younger specimens, linear stiffness (242 ± 28 N/mm) and ulti mate load (2160 ± 157 N) values found when the femur- ACL-tibia complex was tested in the anatomical orien tation were higher than those reported previously in the literature. These values provide new baseline data for the design and selection of grafts for ACL replacement in an attempt to reproduce normal knee kinematics.
Current status of cerebral protection with mild-to-moderate hypothermia after traumatic brain injury

Purpose of reviewThe aim of this article is to review the current status of protective effects of mild-to-moderate hypothermia on traumatic brain injury. Recent findingsMore than 30 clinical studies have reported effects of therapeutic hypothermia on outcome of traumatic brain injury and cerebral ischemia. Only one clinical trial of short-term mild hypothermia did not show any effect in patients with severe traumatic brain injury. Long-term mild hypothermia may be useful for severe traumatic brain-injured patients. SummaryMild-to-moderate hypothermia plays a significant role in cerebral protection after traumatic brain injury.
A novel representation for search-based model-driven engineering

Model-Driven Engineering (MDE) and Search-Based Software Engineering (SBSE) are development approaches that focus on automation to increase productivity and throughput. MDE focuses on high-level domain models and the automatic management of models to perform development processes, such as model validation or code generation. SBSE on the other hand, treats software engineering problems as optimisation problems, and aims to automatically discover solutions rather than systematically construct them. SBSE techniques have been shown to be beneficial at all stages in the software development life-cycle. There has, however, been few attempts at applying SBSE techniques to the MDE domain and all are problem-specific. In this thesis we present a method of encoding MDE models that enables many robust SBSE techniques to be applied to a wide-range of MDE problems. We use the model representation to address three in-scope MDE problems: discovering an optimal domain model; extracting a model of runtime system behaviour; and applying sensitivity analysis to model management operations in order to analyse the uncertainty present in models. We perform an empirical analysis of two important properties of the representation, locality and redundancy, which have both been shown to affect the ability of SBSE techniques to discover solutions, and we propose a detailed plan for further analysis of the representation, or other representations of its kind.
The acute cardiac risk of strenuous exercise.

During a 65-month period, 2,935 adults (mean age, 37 years) kept computer logs of amount and intensity of exercise performed. A total of 374,798 person-hours of exercise, including 2,726,272 km or running and walking, was recorded. Two cardiac events and no deaths occurred during this period. Considered in age-specific categories, the maximum risk estimates (MREs) consistent with these data (upper 95% confidence limits) range from 0.3 to 2.7 events per 10,000 person-hours of exercise for men and 0.6 to 6.0 events per 10,000 person-hours for women. The MREs for women were higher because there were fewer women in the study. If exercise were performed three time per week for 30 minutes per session for a year, these results would lead to MREs from . 002 to . 027 events per person-year for men and . 005 to . 05 events per person-year for women. Actual risks are likely to be lower.
A Centroid location algorithm based on Furthermost Beacon with application to wireless sensor networks

Simple and efficient location algorithms are of great research significance to Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) systems. In this paper, main factors of position error in the Centroid location algorithm are analysed, and then a Furthermost Beacon (FB) location algorithm is presented. In the range of the communication radius of the nodes to be located, the algorithm estimates four beacon nodes or more with highest distribution degree around the unknown nodes. A group of experiments have been conducted and the results of the experiments have demonstrated the superior performance of the proposed algorithm.
Definitions of Managed Objects for Extensible SNMP Agents

Status of this Memo This document specifies an Internet standards track protocol for the Internet community, and requests discussion and suggestions for improvements. Please refer to the current edition of the "Internet Official Protocol Standards" (STD 1) for the standardization state and status of this protocol. Distribution of this memo is unlimited. Abstract This memo defines a portion of the Management Information Base (MIB) for use with network management protocols in the Internet community. In particular, it describes objects managing SNMP agents that use the Agent Extensibility (AgentX) Protocol. This memo specifies a MIB module in a manner that is both compliant to the SMIv2, and semantically identical to the peer SMIv1 definitions.
MERLOT — A Reliable Framework for OER

Online learning, whether guided or independent, is of great important in a world of constant change. Open Educational Resources, which are offered to the public at no cost, allow life-long learning for all audiences. However, resources of high quality are not always easily discoverable. MERLOT (Multimedia Educational Resource for Learning and Online Teaching) is a meta-data repository of open educational resources, where teachers and learners can find resources suitable for their needs. MERLOT employs a peer review system in order to ensure their quality, ease of use, and potential effectiveness as a teaching tool.
Conformations Consistent with Charge Migration Observed in DNA and RNA X-ray Structures

Abstract Electron holes are known to migrate along the DNA or RNA duplexes and to localize preferentially on successive guanines. The stationary point conformations of Gua pairs that can trap or let pass these holes have been characterized by quantum chemistry calculations. Here we show their recurrent occurrence in DNA and RNA X-ray structures, often in quadruplex conformations or in interaction with proteins, ligands or metal ions. These findings give support to the biological, possibly regulatory, roles of charge migration in cell functioning.
Effects of Zeneca ZD7288 in Comparison with Alinidine and UL‐FS 49 on Guinea Pig Sinoatrial Node and Ventricular Action Potentials

Summary ZENECA ZD7288 (4-(N-ethyl-N-phenyl-amino)-l,2-dimethyl-6-(methylamino) pyrimidinium chloride) is a novel compound which we compared with alinidine and UL-FS 49 (zatebradine) in guinea pig sinoatrial node (SAN) and papillary muscle preparations, using conventional microelectrode techniques. At low concentrations (1 χ 10-8-1 χ 10-6M), ZD7288 caused slowing of the diastolic depolarisation rate of SAN pacemaker cells, thus prolonging the diastolic interval and slowing the beating rate. Alinidine and UL-FS 49 also had qualitatively similar effects on diastolic depolarisation rate, but ZD7288 caused least prolongation of the action potential duration (APD) of SAN cells at the concentrations that had “selective bradycardic actions. ” ZD7288 affected the APs of ventricular cells in guinea pig papillary muscle only at relatively high concentrations (3 χ 10-6M-1 χ 10-4M), which reduced plateau potential duration, although total APD was less affected. Reduced force of contraction (FOC) was also observed at these high concentrations; significant effects on AP Vmax were noted only at concentrations ≥3 χ 10-5M. Alinidine also had negative inotropic effects on papillary muscle, but its effects were noted at concentrations similar to those with bradycardic actions; in contrast, UL-FS 49 had marked positive inotropic actions and also increased ventricular APD within the bradycardic concentration range. These data provide a basis for the selective actions of ZD7288 on heart rate (HR).