Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The Effects of Group Discussion Based Education on the Promotion of Self-Management Behaviors in Hemodialysis Patients

Introduction: Improving self-management of the patients undergoing hemodialysis is an effective way to reduce complications and to improve the quality of life of them. The current study aims to assess the effects of group discussion on the promotion of self-management behaviors in hemodialysis patients. Methods: In this quasi -experimental clinical trial study (with experimental and control groups) 60 patients were arranged in two experimental and control groups through using convenience sampling with random allocation. Self-management interventions were conducted on the experimental group during 3 to 4 sessions of group discussion. The control group received routine interventions. The data were collected through Li and colleagues' self-management standard questionnaire before and 3 months after the intervention. The data were analyzed via SPSS software version 13 and chi-square, t-test, Mann-Whitney, and Wilcoxon test. Results: The results showed that the mean scores of four dimension of self-management including participation with the medical team, problem solving, self-care and emotional management after the implementation of group were significantly different between the experimental and control groups. Conclusion: Based on the findings, group discussion was an effective educational method to promote self-management of chronic hemodialysis patients. Therefore, holding group discussion to reinforce the self- management behaviors in patients undergoing hemodialysis is recommended.
Applications of Propolis in Dentistry: A Review

Background Propolis is a resinous substance obtained from the beehives that has antioxidant, anti-bacteria, anti-virus, anti-fungal, anti-tumor and anti-inflammatory activity. The aim of this study was to review the studies about the role of propolis in improving dental and oral health. Methods This study reviewed the published articles regarding the applications of propolis in dentistry. An electronic search of the literature was carried out in Farsi electronic databases including Google, Medlib.ir, SID, Iranmedex and Magiran as well as English electronic databases such as PubMed and ISI Web of Knowledge. These databases were searched for articles published between 1997 and October 20, 2017. Non-dental books and journals were also manually searched. Results This study reviewed published articles on the efficacy of propolis for surgical wound healing, caries prevention, treatment of dentin hypersensitivity, treatment of aphthous ulcers and propolis as a storage medium for avulsed teeth, root canal irrigating solution and mouthwash. Conclusion The result of the reviewed article showed that propolis is effective an agent that is used for multiple purpose in oral health.
Acute Myeloid Leukemia (AML) In Elderly: Cytogenetic Characteristics of Patients Treated At Hematology and Pediatric Oncology Center in Casablanca

AIM: The goals of this paper are: to report the incidence of AML in elderly, to describe cytogenetic characteristics of this population, to observe rare and novel cytogenetic abnormalities and lastly, to compare our finding with that previously reported in the literature. METHODS: We conducted a retrospective analysis of 283 patients with acute myeloid leukaemia (AML) treated in our unit, we will report the incidence of AML in elderly, describe cytogenetic characteristics of this population, observe rare and novel cytogenetic abnormalities and compare our finding with that previously reported in the literature. RESULTS: Among the 283 patients, 157 (54.4%) patients performed the karyotype, the cytogenetic analysis failed in 17 cases (11%). Prognostic group distribution was found to be favorable in 8 patients (6%) with 6 cases of t (8; 21) and 2 cases of inv (16), intermediate group in 94 patients (67%), including 58 cases (41,5%) with a normal karyotype, and an unfavorable group in 38 patients (27%) including complex karyotype (15%), -5 or del 5q (3%), -7 or del 7q (3.5%), t (9; 22) (2%). Some rare anomalies were observed. CONCLUSION: However, the occurrence of a complex karyotype was more frequent than younger patients. In our unit, elderly benefit from supportive care, our study shows that it is a heterogeneous group and our treatment approach have to change especially for the patient from favourable risk group who can benefit from intensive chemotherapy. We have to improve our diagnosis with including molecular genetics that provides a documented substrate for a thoughtfully considered treatment plan.
Fibroblastic and myofibroblastic tumors of children: new genetic entities and new ancillary testing

Fibroblastic and myofibroblastic tumors comprise a morphologically diverse and biologically variable group of neoplasms that affect a wide age range. Specific entities tend to occur most frequently in infants and young children. Recent years have witnessed a proliferation of information concerning the unique biology of these tumors. In this report, I will review recent findings that serve to further characterize this group of neoplasms. Included will be newer information on fibrous hamartoma of infancy, infantile myofibromatosis, lipofibromatosis, and infantile fibrosarcoma and tumors resembling it, including primitive myxoid mesenchymal tumor of infancy and new genetic entities. I will also discuss the differential diagnosis, which includes spindle cell rhabdomyosarcoma, dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans, and calcifying aponeurotic fibroma.
What’s new in dry eye disease diagnosis? Current advances and challenges

Dry eye disease (DED) is a commonly encountered condition in general ophthalmology practice and imparts a significant socioeconomic burden. Despite its prevalence, there remain challenges regarding its diagnosis and management. A major reason behind these challenges is the fact that DED represents an umbrella term that encompasses many different underlying conditions and pathophysiological mechanisms. The purpose of this article is to highlight aspects of DED pathophysiology and focus on targeted diagnostic and therapeutic approaches to this multifactorial, chronic condition.
PIK3CA Mutations and Neoadjuvant Therapy Outcome in Patients with Human Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor 2-Positive Breast Cancer: A Sequential Analysis

Purpose PIK3CA mutation is considered to be a possible cause for resistance to neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) in human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2)-positive breast cancer. We investigated the association between PIK3CA mutations and the outcome of NAC in HER2-positive breast cancers. Methods A total of 100 HER2-positive breast cancer patients who had undergone NAC and surgery between 2004 and 2016 were examined. Mutation status was sequentially assessed in pre-NAC, post-NAC, and recurrent specimens taken from these patients. Results PIK3CA mutations were identified in the sequential specimens of 17 patients (17.0%). These 17 patients experienced shorter disease-free survival (DFS) than the rest of the patients (58.3 months vs. 119.3 months, p=0.020); however, there was no significant difference in pathologic complete response (pCR) and overall survival (OS) (pCR, 17.6% vs. 33.7%, p=0.191; OS, 84.5 months vs. 118.0 months, p=0.984). While there was no difference in pCR between the wild-type and mutant PIK3CA groups in pre-NAC specimens (25.0% vs. 31.8%, p=0.199), PIK3CA mutations correlated with lower pCR in post-NAC specimens (0.0% vs. 24.3%, p<0.001). Multivariate analysis revealed significantly worse DFS in the mutant PIK3CA group than in the wild-type group (hazard ratio, 3.540; 95% confidence interval, 1.001–12.589; p=0.050). Moreover, the DFS curves of the change of PIK3CA mutation status in sequential specimens were significantly different (p=0.016). Conclusion PIK3CA mutation in HER2-positive breast cancer was correlated with a lower pCR rate and shorter DFS. These results suggest that PIK3CA mutation is a prognostic marker for NAC in HER2-positive breast cancer, especially in post-NAC specimens.
Artificial Intelligence and Digital Pathology: Challenges and Opportunities

In light of the recent success of artificial intelligence (AI) in computer vision applications, many researchers and physicians expect that AI would be able to assist in many tasks in digital pathology. Although opportunities are both manifest and tangible, there are clearly many challenges that need to be overcome in order to exploit the AI potentials in computational pathology. In this paper, we strive to provide a realistic account of all challenges and opportunities of adopting AI algorithms in digital pathology from both engineering and pathology perspectives.
Barriers of Drug Adherence among Patients with Epilepsy: in Tertiary Care Hospital, South India

Introduction: Epilepsy is a treatable and curable brain disorder. However major proportion of individuals with this disease in developing countries receives no treatment because of misunderstandings of the public. Other than that, poor adherence to ordered medication is considered the primary cause of drug therapy failure in epilepsy. This study conducted to assess the adherence pattern to antiepileptic regimen, among patients with epilepsy and to identify the clinical and patient-related factors contributing as barriers. Methods: A cross sectional survey design was used in 100 epilepsy patients in an Outpatient unit of tertiary care center. A Convenient sampling technique was used to enroll the patients who meet inclusion criteria. Structured interview with pre-tested questionnaire and eight item Morisky Medication Adherence Scale was used to collect the data. Descriptive and inferential statistics were used for analysis of data. Descriptive statistics (mean, standard deviation, frequency and percentages) were used to describe the clinical and demographic variables of study participants. The determinants of medication adherence were analyzed using Chi-Square test and independent student t- test. The analysis was done with SPSS 20th version. Results: Majority (71%) of patients were not adherent to antiepileptic treatment. Severity of seizure (indicated by the presence of seizure last year), medication frequency and complexity of treatment were found to have significant association with the Anti-Epileptic Drugs (AED) adherence status. Status of adherence is significantly associated with frequency of seizure/year and positive life style. Conclusion: As Medication adherence was observed to be low, services for adherence counseling and health educational interventions in the epilepsy clinics is recommended.
Clinical Differences in Triple-Positive Operable Breast Cancer Subtypes in Korean Patients: An Analysis of Korean Breast Cancer Registry Data

Purpose Triple-positive breast cancer is defined by estrogen receptor, progesterone receptor, and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) positivity. Several systemic breast cancer therapies target hormonal and HER2 responsiveness. We compared clinical outcomes of triple-positive disease with those of HER2-enriched and luminal HER2-negative disease and investigated the clinical efficacy of anti-HER2 therapy for triple-positive disease. Methods We retrospectively compared overall and recurrence-free survival among cases included in the Korean Breast Cancer Society (KBCS) and Seoul St. Mary's Hospital breast cancer registries and the therapeutic efficacy of trastuzumab for triple-positive and HER2-enriched cases. Results KBCS registry data (2006–2010; median follow-up, 76 months) indicated that patients with triple-positive breast cancer had intermediate survival between those with luminal A and HER2-enriched subtypes (p<0.001). Trastuzumab did not improve overall survival among patients with triple-positive breast cancer (p=0.899) in contrast to the HER2-enriched subtype (p=0.018). Seoul St. Mary's Hospital registry data indicated similar recurrence-free survival outcomes (p<0.001) and a lack of improvement with trastuzumab among patients with triple-positive breast cancer (median follow-up, 33 months; p=0.800). Multivariate analysis revealed that patients with triple-positive breast cancer had better overall survival than those with HER2-enriched disease and similar survival as those with the luminal A subtype (triple-positive: hazard ratio, 1.258, p=0.118; HER2-enriched: hazard ratio, 2.377, p<0.001). Conclusion Our findings showed that anti-HER2 therapy was less beneficial for treatment of triple-positive breast cancer than for HER2-enriched subtypes of breast cancer, and the triple-positive subtype had a distinct prognosis.
Premature Graying of Hair: Review with Updates

Premature graying of hair (PGH) is defined as graying of hair before the age of 20 years in Caucasians and before 30 years in African American population. It can severely affect the self-esteem of an individual. The exact etiopathogenesis remains unknown, although it has been associated with premature aging disorders, atopy, and autoimmune diseases. Patients, who present with PGH, should be assessed for syndromes and metabolism diseases. Hair dyes remain the main modality of the treatment for cosmetic concerns after nutritional supplementation.
200 Years of Psychosomatic Medicine—And Still More Timely Than Ever

Heinroth (1) introduced the term “psychosomatic” in his famous textbook of “Disturbances of Mental Life” into the medical literature. In addition Heinroth’s major importance to the field of Psychosomatic Medicine is also due to his early holistic and anthropological approach to Medicine and Psychiatry. To date psychosomatic medicine has developed rapidly over the last decades, combining its two traditions of integrated psychosomatics in internal medicine and focusing on psychotherapeutic/psychiatric methods in many clinical fields (2). Our section of “Psychosomatic Medicine” in Frontiers in Psychiatry gives this timely development a highly visible platform. Over the last year our Research Topic on “Nutritional Psychiatry” is an excellent example to demonstrate how cutting edge science help to understand how the brain-gut interactions work (3) and how the gut microbiome is linked to neurodevelopment and depression (4). Currently, a team of editors from very experienced placebo researchers gives us an insight into the fascinatingmechanisms of placebo response in experimental settings as well as in clinical applications. Psychosomatic medicine also has a social and political side—which is why we have also focussed on the challenge of refugee mental health, a highly challenging field. In a current Research Topic we have dedicated ourselves particularly to the special strains of extremely traumatized groups like the Yezidi people. Nadia Murad, a young woman of this ethnic group was awarded the Nobel Peace Prize this year for her courageous appearance. Questions also arise as to how high the burden is for the professional supporters (5) and also which new media approaches can be used to support the group of traumatized refugees (6). In a recent systematic review we demonstrated (7) that chronic pain in patients with posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a frequent symptom and a complicating factor in the treatment. Psychotherapy is the primary therapy method for patients with psychosomatic disorders. Therefore, our section also wants to be a place where studies on new and innovative psychotherapeutic procedures are reported. But our journal should also be a place where the various psychotherapeutic methods can be openly debated (8). And if we look into the year 2019, then we’re going to highlight together with an experienced international research team the central aspect of body image in biopsychosocial medicine in a further research topic. Clinically highly relevant fields such as psycho-oncology will also be given a broader focus in the upcoming year. Thus, psychosomatic medicine continues to grow and thrive in our journal and bears fruit for a better understanding of the interaction between mind and body.
Animal Models in the Pathophysiology of Cystic Fibrosis

Our understanding of the multiorgan pathology of cystic fibrosis (CF) has improved impressively during the last decades, but we still lack a full comprehension of the disease progression. Animal models have greatly contributed to the elucidation of specific mechanisms involved in CF pathophysiology and the development of new therapies. Soon after the cloning of the CF transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) gene in 1989, the first mouse model was generated and this model has dominated in vivo CF research ever since. Nonetheless, the failure of murine models to mirror human disease severity in the pancreas and lung has led to the generation of larger animal models such as pigs and ferrets. The following review presents and discusses data from the current animal models used in CF research.
The Prognostic Significance of Low-Frequency Somatic Mutations in Metastatic Cutaneous Melanoma

Background: Little is known about the prognostic significance of somatically mutated genes in metastatic melanoma (MM). We have employed a combined clinical and bioinformatics approach on tumor samples from cutaneous melanoma (SKCM) as part of The Cancer Genome Atlas project (TCGA) to identify mutated genes with potential clinical relevance. Methods: After limiting our DNA sequencing analysis to MM samples (n = 356) and to the CANCER CENSUS gene list, we filtered out mutations with low functional significance (snpEFF). We performed Cox analysis on 53 genes that were mutated in ≥3% of samples, and had ≥50% difference in incidence of mutations in deceased subjects versus alive subjects. Results: Four genes were potentially prognostic [RAC1, FGFR1, CARD11, CIITA; false discovery rate (FDR) < 0.2]. We identified 18 additional genes (e.g., SPEN, PDGFRB, GNAS, MAP2K1, EGFR, TSC2) that were less likely to have prognostic value (FDR < 0.4). Most somatic mutations in these 22 genes were infrequent (< 10%), associated with high somatic mutation burden, and were evenly distributed across all exons, except for RAC1 and MAP2K1. Mutations in only 9 of these 22 genes were also identified by RNA sequencing in >75% of the samples that exhibited corresponding DNA mutations. The low frequency, UV signature type and RNA expression of the 22 genes in MM samples were confirmed in a separate multi-institution validation cohort (n = 413). An underpowered analysis within a subset of this validation cohort with available patient follow-up (n = 224) showed that somatic mutations in SPEN and RAC1 reached borderline prognostic significance [log-rank favorable (p = 0.09) and adverse (p = 0.07), respectively]. Somatic mutations in SPEN, and to a lesser extent RAC1, were not associated with definite gene copy number or RNA expression alterations. High (>2+) nuclear plus cytoplasmic expression intensity for SPEN was associated with longer melanoma-specific overall survival (OS) compared to lower (≤ 2+) nuclear intensity (p = 0.048). We conclude that expressed somatic mutations in infrequently mutated genes beyond the well-characterized ones (e.g., BRAF, RAS, CDKN2A, PTEN, TP53), such as RAC1 and SPEN, may have prognostic significance in MM.
The Influence of Body Composition Effects on Male Facial Masculinity and Attractiveness

Body mass index (BMI) and its facial correlates influence a range of perceptions including masculinity and attractiveness. BMI conflates body fat and muscle which are sexually dimorphic because men typically have more muscle but less fat than women. We therefore investigated the influence of facial correlates of body composition (fat mass and muscle mass) on the perception of masculinity in male faces. Women have been found to prefer more masculine looking men when considering short-term relationships compared with long-term relationships. We therefore conducted a second study of heterosexual women’s preferences for facial correlates of fat and muscle mass under long and short relationship contexts. We digitally transformed face shape simulating the effects of raised and lowered levels of body fat or muscle, controlling for each other, height and age. In Study 1, participants rated masculinity of shape-transformed male faces. The face shape correlates of muscle mass profoundly enhanced perceived masculinity but the face shape correlates of fat mass only affected the perception of masculinity in underweight to low normal weight men. In Study 2, we asked two groups of women to optimize male face images (by adjusting the shape correlates of fat and muscle) to most resemble someone they would prefer, either for a short-term sexual relationship or for a long-term relationship. The results were consistent across the two participant groups: women preferred the appearance of male faces associated with a higher muscle mass for short-term compared with long-term relationships. No difference was found in women’s preference for the face shape correlates of fat mass between the two relationship contexts. These findings suggest that the facial correlates of body fat and muscle have distinct impacts on the perception of male masculinity and on women’s preferences. The findings indicate that body composition needs to be taken into consideration in psychological studies involving body weight.
UBE3A: An E3 Ubiquitin Ligase With Genome-Wide Impact in Neurodevelopmental Disease

UBE3A is an E3 ubiquitin ligase encoded by an imprinted gene whose maternal deletion or duplication leads to distinct neurodevelopment disorders Angelman and Dup15q syndromes. Despite the known genetic basis of disease, how changes in copy number of a ubiquitin ligase gene can have widespread impact in early brain development is poorly understood. Previous studies have identified a wide array of UBE3A functions, interaction partners, and ubiquitin targets, but no central pathway fully explains its critical role in neurodevelopment. Here, we review recent UBE3A studies that have begun to investigate mechanistic, cellular pathways and the genome-wide impacts of alterations in UBE3A expression levels to gain broader insight into how UBE3A affects the developing brain. These studies have revealed that UBE3A is a multifunctional protein with important nuclear and cytoplasmic regulatory functions that impact proteasome function, Wnt signaling, circadian rhythms, imprinted gene networks, and chromatin. Synaptic functions of UBE3A interact with light exposures and mTOR signaling and are most critical in GABAergic neurons. Understanding the genome-wide influences of UBE3A will help uncover its role in early brain development and ultimately lead to identification of key therapeutic targets for UBE3A-related neurodevelopmental disorders.
Le RFC 5170 en pratique : conception et évaluation d'un codec AL-FEC LDPC-staircase hautes performances

Ce travail s'interesse a une brique capitale pour de nombreuses applications reseaux : les codes correcteurs pour des canaux a effacement de paquets, aussi appeles AL-FEC ("Application Level Forward Erasure Correction" codes) puisqu'ils operent au niveau applicatif. Nous nous focalisons plus precisement sur les codes LDPC-staircase tels que speciﬁes dans le RFC 5170. Nous en expliquons les principes (relativement simples) et nous analysons leurs performances, tres elevees, que ce soit en terme de capacite de corrections d'effacements ou de vitesse d'encodage/decodage. Nous expliquons en particulier ou se trouvent les points durs avant de pouvoir obtenir de tels resultats. Enﬁn nous positionnons ces codes face a d'autres solutions, en particuliers les codes proprietaires Raptor