Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Kinetic studies of a-olefin polymerization

The kinetics of chain growth and chain transfer processes in the stereospecific polymerization of propylene, using catalytic systems such as TiCl 3 —A1(C 2 H 5 ) 3 and TiCl 3 —AlCl(C 2 H 5 ) 2 , has been examined. The number of active centers present on the catalyst surface has been determined radiochemically by kinetic and adsorption measurements, using 14 C labelled aluminum alkyls. The mean life of macromolecules was determined by radiochemical determination of terminal groups, and the relationships between intrinsic viscosity and number-average molecular weight were found. Kinetic research into ethylene-propylene copolymerization enabled us to determine the different reactivity ratios of the monomers.
The Peril and Promise of Pre-Tests in Informal Massive Open Online Courses

With more than 100,000,000 learners from around the world, massive open online courses (MOOCs) are a popular online learning resource. Because this type of online teaching and learning is relatively young, published MOOC research is not as voluminous as traditional educational research. This presents both a challenge and an opportunity. The challenge is that best practices are not always clear, and there is not much MOOC research upon which to draw for specific instructional design strategies. The opportunity is to harness the power of MOOC platforms themselves to conduct research that examines and identifies effective digital pedagogy. In this chapter, the authors describe some of these challenges and opportunities. Specifically, they draw upon a multivariate experimental research study that examined the effects of pre-tests and feedback on learning and persistence in a MOOC. They offer practical implications that are related to study findings.
A Natural Language Processing Approach to Social License Management

Dealing with the social and political impacts of large complex projects requires monitoring and responding to concerns from an ever-evolving network of stakeholders. This paper describes the use of text analysis algorithms to identify stakeholders’ concerns across the project life cycle. The social license (SL) concept has been used to monitor the level of social acceptance of a project. That acceptance can be assessed from the texts produced by stakeholders on sources ranging from social media to personal interviews. The same texts also contain information on the substance of stakeholders’ concerns. Until recently, extracting that information necessitated manual coding by humans, which is a method that takes too long to be useful in time-sensitive projects. Using natural language processing algorithms, we designed a program that assesses the SL level and identifies stakeholders’ concerns in a few hours. To validate the program, we compared it to human coding of interview texts from a Bolivian mining project from 2009 to 2018. The program’s estimation of the annual average SL was significantly correlated with rating scale measures. The topics of concern identified by the program matched the most mentioned categories defined by human coders and identified the same temporal trends.
Development of culture village through service quality analysis to customer satisfaction

Cities tend to be the focus of development, including the development of the tourism sector. This tendency is motivated by the social demographic factors of the population of the city is much easier to accept the latest issues related to modernization and economic empowerment. Denpasar, as the center of the city, still has green and beautiful land, which is Kertalangu Cultural Village. As a tourist destination, there are many facilities and infrastructures in Kertalangu Cultural Village needs to be improved. The purpose of this research is to find out and provide empirical evidence about the Development of Kertalangu Cultural Village Based on Analysis of Service Quality on Customer Satisfaction. The data collection method uses a questionnaire distributed to 100 respondents. Data analysis techniques used multiple regression analysis using mixed methods, both qualitatively and quantitatively. The results showed that service quality variables such as responsiveness, assurance, empathy, and reliability had a positive and significant effect on customer satisfaction. The service quality variable in the form of tangible (physical evidence) has a positive effect but not significant. The results of this study explain to be a reference for managers to evaluate the existing physical facilities so that visitors can be more satisfied with the existence of physical facilities that are maintained and also the development of facilities in the Kertalangu Cultural Village in the form of adding cultural-based facilities. 2017). 1.9%. The test results the of t 2.958 below The beta value shows 25.4%. Satisfaction reliability, effect
A 13-bit 0.005-mm2 40-MS/s SAR ADC With kT/C Noise Cancellation

As any analog-to-digital converter (ADC) with a front-end sample-and-hold (S/H) circuit, successive approximation register (SAR) ADC suffers from a fundamental signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) challenge: its sampling kT/C noise. To satisfy the SNR requirement, the input capacitor size has to be sufficiently large, leading to a great burden for the design of the ADC input driver and reference buffer. This article presents an SAR ADC with a kT/C noise-cancellation technique. It enables the substantial reduction of ADC input capacitor size but without the large kT/C noise penalty. It greatly relaxes the requirement for ADC input driver and reference buffer. Built in 40-nm CMOS, a prototype 13-bit ADC has only 240-fF input capacitance and occupies a small area of 0.005 mm2. Operating at 40 MS/s, it achieves a 69-dB signal-to-noise-and-distortion ratio (SNDR) across the Nyquist frequency band while consuming 591 $\mu \text{W}$ of power.
High-Gain Millimeter-Wave Holographic Antenna in Package Using Glass Technology

A novel concept for a holographic antenna in package is presented, enabling the seamless integration of high-gain antennas at millimeter-wave frequencies. The antenna is based on a holographic impedance approach stimulating a leaky wave mode at 150 GHz. Since the antenna structure is placed on top of the glass package, a large antenna aperture with high angular beamwidth and efficiency was achieved. The surface wave launcher of the antenna connected to the integrated active circuitry is designed in a very compact fashion using a vertical through-glass-via and solder balls. The performance of the proposed holographic antenna package has been investigated by an analytic model and full-wave simulations. The measurement results of the antenna prototype on glass using anisotropic unit cells show excellent agreement to the simulated values. A maximum gain of 24.7 dBi, a sidelobe level of 15 dB, and a 3 dB beamwidth of 4.7$^\circ$ are achieved. The measured 3-D radiation pattern shows a highly directive pattern in all cuts.
PROKARYOTIC BIODIVERSITY IN MATURED OIL PALM PLANTATION COMPARED TO LOGGED-OVER AND PRIMARY FOREST IN DEEP PEAT, SARAWAK, MALAYSIA

Soil microbes are the unseen living organisms which are involved in various roles for oil palm productivity. Matured oil palm plantation peat soil may be inhabited by different bacterial populations compared to logged-over and primary forest. Thus, conversion of peat forests into oil palm plantations might cause changes in the prokaryotic population in soil. The differences in the prokaryotic population were analysed to assess the profile of the prokaryotic population in each ecosystem. In this study, Denaturing Gradient Gel Electrophoresis of the purified 16 rDNA amplicon (16S PCR-DGGE) was analysed. Berger-Parker and Shannon-Weaver Species Index indicated that Durafarm Plantation, DF (0.10, 8.05) had the most diverse soil population followed by Maludam primary forest, MD (0.11, 7.75) and Cermat Ceria loggedover forest, CC (0.19, 7.63). The 16S rDNA sequence analysis showed that all ecosystems were dominated by unclassified Bacteria (62%, 65%, 69%), followed by Acidobacteria (8%, 19%, 4%), Actinobacteria (8%, 6%, 12%), α-Proteobacteria (8%, 3%, 8%) and Firmicutes (5%, 2%, 2%), respectively for MD, CC and DF. Increased number of species was recorded in Durafarm Plantation with the emergence of the forest microbes such as Acidipila rosea, Acidimicrobium sp. , Actinomycete sp. , Mycobacterium sp. , Afipia sp. , Acetobacteraceae bacterium, Rhizobium sp. , Rhodoplanes sp. and Sphingomonadaceae bacterium. It is interesting to note that planting oil palm on deep peat can assist in rejuvenating some bacterial population that were missing during forest clearing and thus contributing to the improvement of soil bacterial biodiversity.
Investigation of acute effects of topical Alpinia officinarum (galangal) treatment in experimental contact type burns and comparison with topical silver sulfadiazine treatment

ABSTRACT BACKGROUND: It was aimed to determine whether Alpinia officinarum (AO) (galangal), which has been regarded to be effective on wound healing, is healing on experimental contact type burns and compare its effects with silver sulfadiazine (SSD). METHODS: Thirty-five rats were divided into five groups of seven rats each group. Superficial second degree burns were formed by contacting a 1×1 cm copper tip which was kept at 100°C constant temperature to the three shaved areas on the back of rats without applying any pressure for 10 s. All groups were irrigated with a 100 cc saline solution for 2 min. Any procedure or treatment was not applied to Group I (Control). Group II (Burn Control) was only irrigated, Group III (SSD) was applied topical SSD 4 times, with 6-h intervals (at h 0, 6, 12 and 18), Group IV (Galangal) was applied topical AO 4 times, and Group V (Gel) was applied placebo topical material, used for the preparation of topical AO, 4 times. Wound healing findings were evaluated histopathologically. RESULTS: In the galangal group, it was found that collagen discoloration didn’t penetrate into deep dermis compared to other groups; epidermis, hair follicles, and sebaceous glands remained protected compared to the burn control group, and there was a thicker layer of epidermis. It was found that the galangal group was the closest group to the control group histologically. In the galangal group, it was determined that the number of vessels and total hair follicles were significantly higher in the 8th h and 4th h respectively (p<0.05), while epidermal thickness and number of degenerated hair follicles were significantly higher in all hours compared to other three groups (p<0.05). It was determined that galangal group had the lowest scores in the evaluation of edema, polymorphonuclear leukocytes infiltration, collagen discoloration, injury of vessels, hair follicles and sebaceous glands in comparisons between groups and within groups’ own processes. CONCLUSION: Administrating AO containing gel 4 times a day within the first 24 h is effective in the experimental contact type second degree burn model. It is significantly superior to SSD treatment, especially in the first 8 h of administration.
Regulation of egg formation in the oviduct of laying hen

In the adult hen, the oviduct receives the ovum from the ovary and provides the biological environment for the formation and potential fertilisation of the egg. During egg formation, albumin, from the magnum is deposited around the yolk, followed by the eggshell membranes from the isthmus, which subsequently surround the egg. As the yolk traverses through the oviduct, calcium is deposited on to it, from the uterus, forming a hardened eggshell. Ovalbumin, avidin and ovomucin secreted from magnum provides content and antimicrobial activity in the egg-white. Collagen X and fibrilin 1 from the isthmus make up the fibrous eggshell membranes. Calbindin 1, ovocleidin-116 and secreted phosphoprotein 1 secreted from the shell gland contribute in calcium ion remodelling for eggshell mineralisation. This review summarises the expression pattern and functional role of genes having a leading role in the egg formation.
Upregulation of Foxo3a protects neurons against hypoxia-ischaemia injury

A series of transcription factors have been profiled in ischaemic stroke. Forkhead box protein O 3a (FoxO3a), which belongs to the family of transcription factors, is characterised by a forkhead DNA-binding domain. However, the role of FoxO3a and circFoxO3, which is encoded from FOXO3 gene in stroke, remains unelucidated.A rat model of middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO)/reperfusion was applied, and rat neuroblastoma B35 cells were treated with cobalt chloride to mimic cellular hypoxia in vitro. FoxO3a (or circFoxO3a) was manipulated to assess the infarction volume and apoptotic proteins.Brain infarction was enlarged in ischaemia/reperfusion compared with simple ischaemia treatment. The protein level of FoxO3a increased significantly in MCAO and subsequently decreased following reperfusion. Increased FoxO3a expression was also found in CoCl­2 treatment at 24 h and 48 h. Downregulation of FoxO3a significantly promoted apoptosis, while upregulation of FoxO3a reduced apoptosis. Further biochemical analysis demonstrated that protein expression level of caspase-3, caspase-9, and Bax were upregulated following FoxO3a inhibition but downregulated following FoxO3a overexpression. Moreover, upregulated FoxO3a level was consistent with enhanced circFoxO3 expression both in vivo and in vitro.Both FoxO3a and circFoxO3 are upregulated in ischaemic stroke, which associates with the apoptosis pathway. Hence, FoxO3a and circFoxO3 might be protective factors against hypoxia/ischaemia-induced neuronal damage.
Acute toxicity of nickel to the Nile tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus (Linnaeus, 1758

Since ten years fresh water bodies influencing by different contaminants, among all heavy metals are considered as the most important pollutant. Nickel metal is used in as a raw material various industries. As it toxic and alter the physiological and haematological parameters of fish. In the present study, acute toxicity test was used for determination lethal toxicity of Nickel Chloride in the fingerlings of Nile tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus as the test organism. Toxicity test is most reliable for accessing effect of toxicants on aquatic life. The Static bioassay test was conducted to estimate acute toxicity of Nickel to the fresh water fingerlings of Nile tilapia Oreochromis niloticus. Fish were exposed to selected concentration of Nickel and the mortality data were determined after 96 hours with 6 hrs interval of mortality observation.
Thrust Performance Improvement for PMSLM Through Double-Layer Reverse Skewed Coil and WRF-MKH Method

This article is dedicated to achieving the best thrust performance of high thrust and low thrust ripple of permanent magnet synchronous linear motors (PMSLMs), which are used in precision positioning system. To achieve this, a novel PMSLM with double-layer reverse skewed coil (DRSC) is designed and optimized. First, the topological structure of the DRSC-PMSLM is introduced, and the effectiveness of the DRSC is analyzed qualitatively according to the analytic model. Certain hypotheses that are more suited to qualitative analysis can lead to the low accuracy of the analytic model. Therefore, for the subsequent optimization, the weighted random forest (WRF), an enhanced random forest (RF) algorithm by assigning different weights to different regression trees, is proposed to fit the sample data generated by the finite element method to establish a high-precision proxy model. Accuracy test proves that the WRF model has higher accuracy than the standard RF model and the analytical model. Subsequently, a new global optimization algorithm, call the modified Krill Herd (MKH) algorithm is proposed to iteratively optimize the WRF model to obtain the optimal structure parameters. The MKH algorithm is a modified KH algorithm that two strategies are used to improve the convergence rate and avoid premature convergence. Comparative experiments are performed by using genetic algorithm, particle swarm optimization, and standard Krill herd, which prove that the MKH has faster convergence speed and stronger global search capability. The thrust performance of the optimized motor is improved considerably compared with that of the initial motor, which further proves the effectiveness of the MKH used in this article. Finally, the prototype experiment proves that the PMSLM with DRSC has the best thrust performance.
Effect of stage of mechanical inoculation on leaf crinkle disease development in urdbean (Vigna mungo L.) under controlled conditions

Vigna mungo (L.) Hepper, (chromosome no. 2n=24) commonly known as urdbean or blackgram, is a leguminous crop and belongs to family Fabaceae. Urdbean contribute about 11% of total pulse production in India. It is severely affected by various biotic and abiotic factors. Among biotic factors, urdbean leaf crinkle disease is major production constraint. The disease is characterized by crinkled and leathery leaves and floral malformation of plants. In case of severe infection, it caused yield loss up to 62 to 100%. Plant stage at time of infection is important factor, which determine severity of disease and yield loss. In present study, mechanical inoculation was done at different growth stage of urdbean plant. Lower disease incidence with reduced severity was observed for inoculation at later stage. Interestingly, 100% disease incidence with very high severity was observed when inoculation was done in germinated seed however; disease incidence was reduced to 28% in plants inoculated at first trifoliate stage at 50 days after inoculation. The outcome of this study would help in better understanding the host-pathogen interaction.
Why the Impact of COVID-19 Infection on Babies has, to Date, been Far Milder?

The current level of knowledge about the COVID-19 infection on babies and children is still uncertain. Regardless of the world health situation reports especially in developing countries, it remains crucial to maintain a future progress in understanding why babies are less infected than adults. This question is complex and quite speculative. Researchers should include the level of exposure to a confirmed case at which transmission is more likely to occur, taking into consideration the age factor and the immune system, since babies are not very affected by the virus. Sometimes, COVID-19 infection in babies is less commonly reported or absent. This review provides a proposed hypothesis focused on understanding COVID-19 infection on babies. General concepts of vaccination and CoV19 recombination are also outlined.
Methods for Reinforcement Learning in Clinical Decision Support

The administration of routine interventions, from breathing support to pain management, constitutes a major part of inpatient care. Thoughtful treatment is crucial to improving patient outcomes and minimizing costs, but these interventions are often poorly understood, and clinical opinion on best protocols can vary significantly. Through a series of case studies of key critical care interventions, this thesis develops a framework for clinician-in-loop decision support. The first of these explores the weaning of patients from mechanical ventilation: admissions are modelled as Markov decision processes (MDPs), and model-free batch reinforcement learning algorithms are employed to learn personalized regimes of sedation and ventilator support, that show promise in improving outcomes when assessed against current clinical practice. The second part of this thesis is directed towards effective reward design when formulating clinical decisions as a reinforcement learning task. In tackling the problem of redundant testing in critical care, methods for Pareto-optimal reinforcement learning are integrated with known procedural constraints in order to consolidate multiple, often conflicting, clinical goals and produce a flexible optimized ordering policy. The challenges here are probed further to examine how decisions by care providers, as observed in available data, can be used to restrict the possible convex combinations of objectives in the reward function, to those that yield policies reflecting what we implicitly know from the data about reasonable behaviour for a task, and that allow for high-confidence off-policy evaluation. The proposed approach to reward design is demonstrated through synthetic domains as well as in planning in critical care. The final case study considers the task of electrolyte repletion, describing how this task can be optimized using the MDP framework and analysing current clinical behaviour through the lens of reinforcement learning, before going on to outline the steps necessary in enabling the adoption of these tools in current healthcare systems.
Estimation of pectin content in jackfruit (Artocarpus heterophyllus).

A valuable byproduct that can be obtained from fruit wastes is pectin. Pectins are mixtures of polysaccharides that originate from plants and contain pectinic acids as major components and are watersoluble. Pectic substances are of interest to scientists of postharvest technology because of their important role in maintaining the texture of raw and processed fruits and vegetables. Pectins exist in varying amounts in fruit cell wall and have important nutritional and technological properties, mainly because of their ability to form gels (Westerlund et al., 1991). The fact that majority of pectin produced in the world is extracted from waste (Peels) materials of lime processing industries. It is essential to estimate the pectin from all parts of jackfruit. New source of pectin identified will be helpful to the Indian processing industries in the present context, when we are still importing about 160 tonnes of pectins valued at about ten crores of rupees for use by fruit and vegetable processing industries. Under the circumstances, the present investigation was undertaken on estimation of pectin content in jackfruit.
Static and Dynamic Pupil Characteristics in Myopic Anisometropic Amblyopia

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to compare static and dynamic pupillometry measurements in patients with myopic anisometropic amblyopia with those of age-matched, healthy subjects. Methods: This prospective, cross-sectional study consisted of 29 patients with myopic anisometropic amblyopia and 83 control subjects. While both the amblyopic eye and the fellow eye of patients with myopic anisometropic amblyopia were examined, data were only recorded for the right eye of the subjects in the control group. Static pupillometry measurements determined included the scotopic pupil diameter (PD), mesopic PD, low photopic PD, and high photopic PD. Subsequently, dynamic pupillometry measurements were obtained, including the resting diameter, amplitude of pupil contraction, latency of pupil contraction, duration of pupil contraction, velocity of pupil contraction, latency of pupil dilation, duration of pupil dilation, and velocity of pupil dilation. Results: In the myopic anisometropia patients, there was a statistically significant difference in the low photopic PD and high photopic PD values of the amblyopic eyes and the corresponding fellow eyes compared with the healthy subjects (p<0.05 for each). These parameters of low photopic PD and high photopic PD were similar between the highly myopic eyes and the fellow eyes. There was no statistically significant difference in the mesopic or scotopic PD values between any of the groups (p>0.05 for each). There were no significant differences in the dynamic pupillometric measurements between the study and control eyes. Conclusion: These results confirm that amblyopia is a binocular disorder. The dynamic pupillary responses were similar in the highly myopic and fellow eyes, indicating that evaluation of relative afferent pupillary defects may not be a useful test to differentiate amblyopic eyes from healthy corresponding eyes.