Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Antifungal Activity of Essential Oils Extracted From Clove, Cumin and Cinnamon Against Blue Mold Disease on Citrus Fruit

Essential oils obtained from Cumin seeds, Clove buds and Cinnamon bark was checked for their antifungal potentials against Penicillium italicum, causal agent of blue mold disease in citrus fruit. Selected essential oils were checked in different concentrations of 3, 6, 12, 24 and 48µl/ml for their ability to inhibit the mycelial growth of the test fungi. The in vitro study revealed that the essential oils of cumin and clove have the potential to inhibit mycelial growth of test fungi completely at concentrations of 12 and 48µl/ml, respectively. Essential oil of cinnamon, however failed to completely inhibit the mycelial growth even at maximum used concentration of 48µl/ml. In vivo assays also supported these results. Clove and cumin oils showed complete fungal inhibition at concentration of 24 and 48µl/ml, respectively when applied on citrus fruits. Whereas, cinnamon essential oil could not stop fungal infection even at its highest tested concentration. The study was extended to chemical identification of tested essential oils through GC-MS.
Code-switching in computer-mediated communication

This chapter discusses how processes known as code-switching and codemixing manifest in computer-mediated communication (CMC). Code-switching is generally defined as “juxtaposition within the same speech exchange of passages of speech belonging to two different grammatical systems or subsystems” (Gumperz 1982: 59) or as “the use of more than one linguistic variety, by a single speaker in the course of a single conversation” (Heller and Pfaff 1996: 594). Depending on approach, code-mixing is defined as the juxtaposition of linguistic codes within a single sentence or as an alternation of codes that lacks a specific pragmatic function. Code-switching and code-mixing are common linguistic practices among bilingual and multilingual people and therefore easily find their way into communication via digital media. The research literature discussed in this chapter offers examples of code-switching in a wide range of CMC modes and social settings, including texting among South African young people, chatting among second-generation Indians, emails among Egyptian professionals, forum discussions among Persian expatriates, and fan fiction by Finnish bloggers.
Punishment sensitivity and tension reduction: Exploring the potential influence of genetics on South Korean alcohol consumption

Abstract Aldehyde dehydrogenase 2*2 (ALDH2*2) is a genetically mutated enzyme that affects the liver’s ability to break down acetaldehyde, resulting in immediate negative physical effects following alcohol consumption. This usually leads to reduced lifetime alcohol dependence rates among those with ALDH2*2. Paradoxically, while around 30% of South Koreans have ALDH2*2, they still maintain both high levels of alcohol consumption and dependence. Therefore, how the negative reactions to alcohol experienced by those with ALDH2*2 interact with the expected effects of alcohol and sensitivity to punishment is of interest. Four hundred and sixty South Korean university students were tested for the ALDH2 gene type and completed alcohol expectancy and sensitivity to reward/punishment measures. The results indicated that there are different predictors of alcohol consumption depending on gene type, with ALDH2*2 heavy drinkers exhibiting lower levels of SP and higher levels of tension reduction expectancy. These findings suggest that ALDH2*2 plays a central role in differences in motivation for alcohol consumption among South Koreans.
Internationalisation of the Curriculum: Designing inclusive education for a small world

Responding to the globalisation of commerce and communication and driven by competition in the multi-billion dollar international market for higher education, many universities are seeking to market their educational provision internationally. Feedback from some disappointed 'customers' has created pressure for change in the way that instruction is designed and delivered. This pressure is beginning to affect teachers in subjects perceived as international in perspective. This paper reviews the strategies suggested by Western universities to achieve internationalisation of the curriculum. Internationalisation is a major project that affects all aspects of a university's provision, including its priorities for staff development and career rewards. The challenge for course developers is to design a curriculum that serves global rather than national priorities, which does not rely on prior knowledge of local provenance, where students from all sources share equal opportunities for advancement in an inclusive learning environment, and which serves to introduce stay-at-home students to the demands of an increasingly multinational world of work.
Health Information and the Choice of Fish Species: An Experiment Measuring the Impact of Risk and Benefit Information

An experiment was conducted in France to evaluate the impact of health information on consumers' choice between two different types of fish. Successive messages revealing risks (methylmercury) and benefits (omega-3s) of consuming the fish, along with consumption recommendations, were delivered. Results show a significant difference of reaction according to the order and type of information. The information about risks had a larger marginal impact on change in willingness to pay (WTP) than did the information about benefits. While the results show that detailed messages on risks/benefits, including recommendations for nutrition behavior, matter in the modification of WTP, 40% of respondents did not change their initial choices after the revelation of health information.
Detection of a Spectral Break in the Extra Hard Component of GRB 090926A

We report on the observation of the bright, long gamma-ray burst, GRB 090926A, by the Gamma-ray Burst Monitor and Large Area Telescope (LAT) instruments on board the Fermi Gamma-ray Space Telescope. GRB 090926A shares several features with other bright LAT bursts. In particular, it clearly shows a short spike in the light curve that is present in all detectors that see the burst, and this in turn suggests that there is a common region of emission across the entire Fermi energy range. In addition, while a separate high-energy power-law component has already been observed in other gamma-ray bursts, here we report for the first time the detection with good significance of a high-energy spectral break (or cutoff) in this power-law component around 1.4 GeV in the time-integrated spectrum. If the spectral break is caused by opacity to electron-positron pair production within the source, then this observation allows us to compute the bulk Lorentz factor for the outflow, rather than a lower limit.
Pythium induced phenolic compounds in the resistance of Vitis vinifera to Botrytis cinerea

Grey mold rot in grapevine is caused by a necrotrophic pathogen, Botrytis cinerea. There is an enormous loss in the quality and quantity of grapes in the Burgundian vineyards due to Botrytis infection. Our studies demonstrate that some species of Pythium are capable of inducing disease resistance in grapevine against the grey mold pathogen by accumulating phenolic compounds notably, ellagic, caffeic, gallic, caffeic, o-anisic, 3,4-dihydroxy benzoic and salicyclic acid. This is the first report on Pythium induced accumulation of phenolic compounds in the grapevine challenged by B. cinerea. Phenolic compounds produced in grapevine at different time periods after exposure to Pythium and B. cinerea were quantified and their significant increase in quantity was evaluated by statistical analyses.
Augmentation of Thermotolerance in Primary Skin Fibroblasts from a Transgenic Pig Overexpressing the Porcine HSP70.2

A high environmental temperature affects the economic performance of pigs. Heat shock protein 70 (HSP70) has been reported to participate importantly in thermotolerance. This study aims to produce transgenic pigs overexpressing porcine HSP70.2, the highly inducible one of HSP70 members, and to prove the cellular thermotolerance in the primary fibroblasts from the transgenics. A recombinant plasmid in which the sequence that encodes the porcine HSP70.2 gene is fused to green fluorescence protein (GFP) was constructed under the control of cytomegalovirus (CMV) enhancer and promoter. Two transgenic pigs were produced by microinjecting pCMV-HSP70-GFP DNA into the pronucleus of fertilized eggs. Immunoblot assay revealed the varied overexpression level (6.4% and 1.4%) of HSP70-GFP in transgenic pigs. After heating at 45°C for 3 h, the survival rate (78.1%) of the primary fibroblast cells from the highly expressing transgenic pig exceeded that from the non-transgenic pig (62.9%). This result showed that primary fibroblasts overexpressing HSP70-GFP confer cell thermotolerance. We suggest that transgenic pigs overexpressing HSP70 might improve their thermotolerance in summer and therefore reduce the economic loss in animal production. (Asian-Aust. J. Anim. Sci. 2005. Vol 18, No. 1 : 107-112)
Detection of Taste Change of Bovine and Goat Milk in Room Ambient Using Electronic Tongue

An electronic tongue (e-tongue) based on an array of lipid/polymer membranes has been successfully developed for measuring the taste evolution of natural milk. The e-tongue consisted of 16 different lipid/polymer membranes combined with or without a pH sensor. The natural milk of bovine and goat were purchased from the local farming store in Malang-Indonesia. The taste measurement was carried out, from fresh (0 h) to stale (12 h), every two hours under room ambient without any treatment. The responses of the e-tongue were evaluated using a Principal Component Analysis (PCA) and a Linear Discriminant Analysis (LDA). From PCA results, the taste of both milk samples tends to change by time although some groups show a partial overlapping. LDA results show the high precision of the e-tongue in clustering taste evolution. The correctly classified groups after the cross-validation procedure were achieved 95.7 and 87.1% for bovine and goat milk, respectively. The improvement of the classification using LDA was obtained by adding data from a pH sensor of each measurement as 100 and 98.6% for bovine and goat milk, respectively. This work indicates that the lab-made e-tongue may be useful to predict the quality of natural milk for the food industry.
Cougar Exploitation Levels in Utah: Implications for Demographic Structure, Population Recovery, and Metapopulation Dynamics

Abstract Currently, 11 western states and 2 Canadian provinces use sport hunting as the primary mechanism for managing cougar (Puma concolor) populations. Yet the impacts of sustained harvest on cougar population dynamics and demographic structure are not well understood. We evaluated the effects of hunting on cougar populations by comparing the dynamics and demographic composition of 2 populations exposed to different levels of harvest. We monitored the cougar populations on Monroe Mountain in south-central Utah, USA, and in the Oquirrh Mountains of north-central Utah from 1996 to 2004. Over this interval the Monroe population was subjected to annual removals ranging from 17.6–51.5% (mean ± SE = 35.4 ± 4.3%) of the population, resulting in a >60% decline in cougar population density. Concurrently, the Oquirrh study area was closed to hunting and the population remained stationary. Mean age in the hunted population was lower than in the protected population (F = 9.0; df = 1, 60.3; P = 0.004), and in a pooled sample of all study animals, females were older than males (F = 13.8; df = 1, 60.3; P < 0.001). Females from the hunted population were significantly younger than those from the protected population (3.7 vs. 5.9 yr), whereas male ages did not differ between sites (3.1 vs. 3.4 yr), suggesting that male spatial requirements may put a lower limit on the area necessary to protect a subpopulation. Survival tracked trends in density on both sites. Levels of human-caused mortality were significantly different between sites (χ2 = 7.5; P = 0.006). Fecundity rates were highly variable in the protected population but appeared to track density trends with a 1-year lag on the hunted site. Results indicate that harvest exceeding 40% of the population, sustained for ≥4 years, can have significant impacts on cougar population dynamics and demographic composition. Patterns of recruitment resembled a source–sink population structure due in part to spatially variable management strategies. Based on these observations, the temporal scale of population recovery will most likely be a function of local harvest levels, the productivity of potential source populations, and the degree of landscape connectivity among demes. Under these conditions the metapopulation perspective holds promise for broad-scale management of this species.
Comparison of protein, total fat, and omega-3 fatty acids content in yellowtail catfish (Pangasius pangasius) and long tail shad (Hilsa (clupea) macrura) in raw and pressurized fish.

Omega-3 fatty acids have been shown to reduce the risk of chronic diseases like cardiovascular disease and cancer as well as promote brain development among infants and children. This study was carried out to compare total protein, fat and omega-3 fatty acids content of raw and pressurized fish of P. pangasius (yellowtail catfish) and H. macrura (long tail shad). The fish was cooked using pressure cooker for six minute to be pressurized. The protein content was determined by using Kjedahl method while total fat was determined using solvent extraction using chloroform and methanol. Fatty acid methyl esters (FAME) were prepared by a direct transesterification method, and quantified by gas chromatography using external standard. Results showed that marine fish H. macrura (long tail shad) had higher content (p < 0.05) of protein (18.30 ± 0.040 g/100 g), fat (10.965 ± 1.610 g/100 g), EPA (11.83 ± 0.02 g/100 g) and DHA (5.96 ± 0.31 g/100 g) compared to freshwater fish P. pangasius (yellowtail catfish). The protein content of pressurized fish was higher compare to raw fish, but there was no difference in total fat and omega-3 fatty acids content between raw and pressurized of freshwater fish P. pangasius and marine fish, H. macrura. In conclusion, marine fish are better source of protein, fat and omega-3 content, while pressurized fish shown to have comparable amount of protein, fat and omega-3 fatty acids content with raw fish. The result obtained assist the consumers to prepare a healthy menu in order to retain the protein and omega-3 fatty acids content of fish through healthy way of cooking.
Carotid Stenosis and Anaesthesia

Carotid stenosis is an issue of enormous clinical and social relevance, so the scientific literature about this subject is very large. The intent of this review is to make a brief review of this entity to subsequently address it from the point of view of the anaesthesiologist who meets her in the operating room, in order to provide some idea of the impact of this entity, the indication of intervention, the possibilities for them, monitoring during the process and the different plausible anaesthetic techniques.
School Psychologists' Ethical Strain and Rumination : Individual Profiles and Their Associations with Weekly Well-Being

We investigated school psychologists’ experiences of ethical strain (the frequency of ethical dilemmas at work and the stress caused by these dilemmas) and dilemma-related rumination outside working hours. Individual latent profiles were estimated at the study baseline based on these three dimensions. The psychologists’ weekly well-being (vigor, exhaustion, and sleep quality) was compared against their profile during the following three working weeks. The sample included 133 school psychologists, among whom four groups were identified: Low ruminators (39%), an Intermediate group (39%), High ruminators (20%), and Atypical outliers (2%). High ruminators fared least well in terms of weekly well-being. Of all the groups, they reported the lowest levels of vigor, the highest levels of exhaustion, and the lowest sleep quality. The study contributes to understanding how psychologists differ in their experiences of ethical strain, and highlights the role of ruminating: mental detachment from ethical demands is especially important for school psychologists’ well-being.
Estimating Compressive Strength of High Performance Concrete with Gaussian Process Regression Model

This research carries out a comparative study to investigate a machine learning solution that employs the Gaussian Process Regression (GPR) for modeling compressive strength of high-performance concrete (HPC). This machine learning approach is utilized to establish the nonlinear functional mapping between the compressive strength and HPC ingredients. To train and verify the aforementioned prediction model, a data set containing 239 HPC experimental tests, recorded from an overpass construction project in Danang City (Vietnam), has been collected for this study. Based on experimental outcomes, prediction results of the GPR model are superior to those of the Least Squares Support Vector Machine and the Artificial Neural Network. Furthermore, GPR model is strongly recommended for estimating HPC strength because this method demonstrates good learning performance and can inherently express prediction outputs coupled with prediction intervals.
Single step genomic evaluation of residual feed intake in growing Holstein heifers

Over the last two years, STgenetics has been collecting data on feed intake and weights on several thousand Holstein heifers at the Ohio Heifer Center. In this particular evaluation, only heifers between 200 and 400 days of age were considered. The final dataset included 1939 heifers with an average age of 301 days. Data collection was organized in trials of 70 days. The hardware comprised 80 GrowSafe bunks in 10 pens. On average, 8 animals were allowed to enter a pen per GrowSafe bunk. Daily feed intake was recorded using the GrowSafe bunks whereas body weight was recorded at entry and exit of the trial and, on average, 3 additional times during the trial. Average daily feed intake ranged from 11.48 to 64.40 with a mean of 40.78 pounds of fresh feed per day. Body weight ranged from 292.3 to 1087 with an average of 650.4 pounds. Average daily gain was estimated by a linear regression of body weight against days of age and averaged 2.153 pounds per day, ranging from 0.01 to 7.63. QC measures comprised minimum valid feed intake days (12), minimum valid weightings (2), minimum days on trial (30) and positive average daily gain.
Simulació numèrica d’assaigs de tracció indirecta pel formigó en massa

El que preten aquest projecte, doncs, es fer la simulacio numerica de l’assaig de doble punxonament pel cas de formigo en massa. De la mateixa manera, tambe es fara la simulacio d’un altre assaig de traccio indirecta: l’assaig brasiler. Tots dos es caracteritzen per ser assajos de traccio indirecta de petites dimensions i que permeten caracteritzar el formigo en massa. Un cop feta la simulacio, es volen comparar els resultats numerics amb els que s’han obtingut experimentalment. Posant emfasis en les dues propietats del formigo que caracteritzen aquest tipus d’assaigs: la resistencia a traccio i la tenacitat d’aquest material. Es tracta d’una primera fase de modelitzacio d’assajos de traccio indirecta necessaria per poder fer, mes endavant, la simulacio de l’assaig Barcelona.
Using of Cause-Selecting Control Charts to Model and Improve Service Performance of a Utilities Company

Cause-selecting control chart is a managerial tool that monitors industrial performance indicators of cascaded operational processes. It is used whenever statistical analysis indicates a cross correlation between the service performance indicators of cascaded stages of processes. The aim of this study is to use the CSC charts that are basically a regression based charts used in conjunction with traditional control charts for monitoring service performance indicators in cascaded service operations. This tool was implemented in one of the major electric power service providers in Jordan that provided the statistical data and information. The output results were verified along with the validity of the adopted methodology. Also, the capability of this tool to detect the potential problems in order to analyze the causes of each problem and find the proposing remedies had been proved. Addition result of this study demonstrated the building of service utility's model which is useful for similar electric power service providers. The main conclusion of this study is that the networks and the electric meters installation departments are the prime-movers that have the main influence on the electric power company's revenues.
Evaluating the utility of gravity gradient tensor components

Gravity gradiometry offers multiple single components and possible combinations of components to be used in interpretation. Knowledge of the information content of components and their combinations is therefore crucial to their effectiveness and so a quantitative rating of information level is needed to guide the choice. To this end we use linear inverse theory to examine the relationship between the different tensor components and combinations thereof and the model parameters to be determined. The model used is a simple prism, characterized by seven parameters: the prism location, xc, yc, its width w and breadth b, the density ρ, the depth to top z, and thickness t. Varying these values allows a wide variety of body shapes, e.g. blocks, plates, dykes, rods, to be considered. The Jacobian matrix, which relates parameters and their associated gravity response, clarifies the importance and stability of model parameters in the presence of data errors. In general, for single tensor components and combinations, the progression from well- to poorly-determined parameters follows the trend of ρ, xc, yc, w, b, z to t. Ranking the estimated model errors from a range of models shows that data sets consisting of concatenated components produce the smallest parameter errors. For data sets comprising combined tensor components, the invariants I1 and I2 produce the smallest model errors. Of the single tensor components, Tzz gives the best performance overall, but those single components with strong directional sensitivity can produce some individual parameters with smaller estimated errors (e.g., w and xc estimated from Txz).
Effect of Therapeutic Listening® Quickshift on Bilateral Coordination in Healthy Adults

The purpose of this research study was to examine the influence of Therapeutic Listening® Quickshift on the bilateral coordination of healthy adults with no history of developmental or motor delays. Additional studies that demonstrate the effectiveness of the Therapeutic Listening® modality using measurable outcomes are necessary as many therapists currently use this program, even though few studies prove its effectiveness. This study recruited 14 freshman and sophomore students aged 18-21 years. Seven participants received Therapeutic Listening® Quickshift intervention one time for 20 minutes and seven received no intervention, but instead listened to white noise for the same duration. The participants received the Bruininks-Oseretsky Test of Motor Proficiency, Second Edition (BOT-2) bilateral coordination subsection before and after either the white noise or Therapeutic Listening® Quickshift protocol. Results demonstrated a slightly greater increase in scores for those who received the Therapeutic Listening® Quickshift intervention, however this difference was not statistically significant. Additionally, many participants received the maximum score on the pre-test and had no room for improvement on the post-test. This study was likely underpowered and the BOT-2 bilateral coordination subsection was not sensitive enough to measure change in a healthy, adult population. More sensitive assessment tools are needed to support future research in order to prove effectiveness of interventions through measurable outcomes that further evidence based practice in occupational therapy.