Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Dainis Ivanovs L-Phenylalanine Biosensor in Saccharomyces cerevisiae

In vivo biosensors can be used for the detection of intracellular and extracellular stimuli leading to a reporter molecule response. Biosensors are becoming increasingly popular in synthetic biology and metabolic engineering for implementation in synthetic pathways to control the expression of reporter genes in response to specific metabolites or external tors. In vivo biosensors are generally divided into three categories: transcription-based, translation-based and post-translational biosensors. L-phenylalanine is one of the most demanded amino acids and it faces an increasing commercial interest since it is a precursor metabolite for flavonoids and other chemicals including the artificial sweetener aspartame, vanillin, aromadedrin, rutin and many others. Therefore, it is of interest in various tries such as pharmaceutical, cosmetic and biotechnology. L-phenylalanine is one of the aromatic amino acids yielded from the Shikimate pathway, also including tyrosine and tryptophan. In this paper the author constructed a transcription factor-based Lphenylalanine biosensor in the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae. The newly constructed strain has two genetic constructs integrated into its genome. First construct uses tional regulatory protein TyrR which forms a dimer only in the presence of Lphenylalanine. The dimer later binds to a TYR strong box sequence in the CYC1p_T1 promoter region of the second construct initiating green fluorescent protein production resulting in a fluorescent signal.
ESSAYS ON TAXATION: POSITIVE AND NORMATIVE ASPECTS BY HARRY TSANG DISSERTATION

This dissertation consists of three essays on taxation. The first essay examines whether government policy, through the use of tax incentives, is able to encourage household savings. This essay analyzes the impact of the 1990 Education Savings Bond Program. This policy created an additional tax incentive for owners of existing government savings bonds, by allowing interest earnings to be exempt from income taxes in years where the household incurs a qualified education expense. Using the 1989 and 1992 Survey of Consumer Finance data sets, a difference-in-difference methodology is used to measure how household savings has changed over time for households with collegebound children as opposed to those without. Households without collegebound children do not need to save for education and thus are not affected by the program. The comparison of savings for the two groups, correcting for individual characteristics, reveals the impact of the Education Savings Bond Program. In addition, this procedure allows one to infer if there has been a crowding out effect due to the Education Savings Bond Program. The results indicate that the policy has not had an effect on household savings. The second essay uses two different estimation procedures to calculate the incidence of environmental taxes and compares the results. Both estimation procedures assume non-separability of leisure and so the labor response is incorporated into estimates of household behavior. The first method is the Almost Ideal Demand System (AIDS) model of Deaton and Muellbauer. The AIDS model assumes linear Engel curves and if this assumption is violated then welfare estimates are biased. The Quadratic Almost Ideal Demand System (QUAIDS) model of Banks, Blundell and Lewbel extends the AIDS model to allow for non-linear Engel curves. Households consume three goods – a composite clean good, a composite energy good and leisure. Data on household consumption is from the Interview Survey component of the Consumer Expenditure Survey. The AIDS model finds the energy good and
Response to comments on The global aerosol-climate model ECHAM6.3-HAM2.3 – Part 2: Cloud evaluation, aerosol radiative forcing and climate sensitivity, Geosci. Model Dev. Discuss., gmd-2018-307

The global aerosol-climate model ECHAM6.3-HAM2.3 (E63H23) and the previous model versions ECHAM5.5HAM2. 0 (E55H20) and ECHAM6.1-HAM2.2 (E61H22) are evaluated using global observational datasets for clouds and 15 precipitation. In E63H23 low cloud amount of low clouds, liquid and ice water path and cloud radiative effects are more realistic than in previous model versions. E63H23 has a more physically based aerosol activation scheme, improvements in the cloud cover scheme, changes in detrainment of convective clouds, changes in the sticking efficiency for accretion of ice crystals by snow, consistent ice crystal shapes throughout the model, changes in mixed phase freezing and an inconsistency in ice crystal number concentration (ICNC) in cirrus clouds was removed. Biases that were identifiedCommon biases in 20 ECHAM and in E63H23 (and in previous modelECHAM-HAM versions) are a too low cloud amount in stratocumulus regions, and that deep convective clouds inover the Atlantic and Pacific oceans form too close to the continents and there(while tropical land precipitation is underestimated). There are indications that ICNCs are overestimated in E63H23. Since clouds are important for effective radiative forcing due to aerosol-radiation and aerosol-cloud interactions (ERFari+aci) and equilibrium climate sensitivity (ECS), also differences in ERFari+aci and ECS between the model versions were analyzed. 25 ERFari+aci is weaker in E63H23 (-1.0 W m) than in E61H22 (-1.2 W m) (or E55H20; -1.1 W m). This is caused by the weaker shortwave ERFari+aci (new aerosol activation scheme and sea salt emission parameterization in E63H23, more realistic simulation of cloud water) overcompensating the weaker longwave ERFari+aci (removal of an inconsistency in ICNC in cirrus clouds in E61H22). The decrease in ECS in E63H23 (2.5 K) compared to E61H22 (2.8 K) is due to changes in the entrainment rate for shallow 30 convection (affecting the cloud amount feedback) and a stronger cloud phase feedback. Experiments with minimum cloud droplet number concentrations (CDNCmin) of 40 cm or 10 cm show that a higher value of CDNCmin reduces ERFari+aci as well as ECS in E63H23.
COMPOSTING OF BREWERY WASTES WITH AGRICULTURAL AND FOREST RESIDUES

Spain is the third beer producer of the European Union, together with Poland and behind United Kingdom and Germany (Food and Agriculture Organisation, 2009). Bagasse (BG) and yeast waste (YW) are the main organic residues produced by the brewery industry. In 2008, Spain produced 34,350x10 3 hectolitres of beer, which generated 688,546 tonnes of BG and 86,047 tonnes of YW (Food and Agriculture Organisation, 2009; Canales et al., 2005). Several methods have been proposed for BG disposal including feedstuff (Fillaudeau et al., 2006), bioplastic (Yu et al., 1999) production and treatment by anaerobic fermentation (Fillaudeau et al., 2006). Other studies have been focused on the YW disposal, such as livestock feed (Fillaudeau et al., 2006), heavy metal biosorbent production (Chen and Wang, 2008) and the recovery of high value-added compounds, used in food, cosmetic and pharmaceutical industries (Canales y col., 2005). However, relatively little research have been carried out on the composting of brewery wastes. Sanchez-Monedero et al. (2001) composted brewery sludge (sludge resulting from the depuration of brewery wastewater) with sorghum bagasse and pine bark and Garcia-Gomez et al. (2005) composted BG with others lignocellulosic materials. The aim of this work was to study the evolution of some parameters describing the stabilisation and maturity of brewery wastes when composted with agricultural and forest residues.
Breast Cancer Target of the JAG 1-Notch Receptor Signaling Pathway in Is a Direct Transcriptional uPA Plasminogen Activator

Aberrant activation of the Notch receptor signaling pathway and overexpression of the Notch ligand JAG1 are associated with poor outcome in breast cancer. The plasminogen activator system, which includes urokinasetype plasminogen activator (uPA), has been validated as a marker of recurrence, high metastasis risk and death in breast malignancy. By using microarray profiling of breast cancer cell lines that had undergone siRNAmediated abrogation of Notch signaling we uncovered a link between activated Notch signaling and uPA expression. An association between elevated expression of the Notch ligand JAG1, uPA, and the basal-like breast cancer subtype was confirmed in breast cancer cell lines. The association between JAG1 and uPA expression persisted in a survey of primary carcinomas of the breast. We found that Notch knockdown reduced transcription of uPA and phenocopied uPA knockdown in breast cancer cells. Through mutational analysis we identified a CBF-1 binding site in the uPA promoter that is required for direct transcriptional regulation by Notch. These data suggest that JAG1-induced Notch activation results in breast cancer progression through upregulation of the plasminogen activator system, directly linking these 2 important pathways of poor prognosis. Cancer Res; 71(1); 277–86. 2011 AACR.
IRON OXIDE NANOPARTICLES WITH DIFFERENT COATINGS

aDepartment of Medical Laboratory Technology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universiti Teknologi MARA, UiTM Puncak Alam, 42300 Selangor, Malaysia bDepartment of Medical Imaging, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universiti Teknologi MARA, UiTM Puncak Alam, 42300 Selangor, Malaysia cDepartment of Chemical Pathology, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Malaysia Article history Received 9 June 2015 Received in revised form 19 September 2015 Accepted 16 December 2015
0 What Explains the Union Wealth Gap ?

Wealth inequality has increased in the United States over the past three decades. At the same time, union membership has declined. The two trends may be related as union members may have more wealth than non-union members due to higher incomes, savings, benefits and job stability than is the case for non-union members. All of these factors could contribute to households saving more. We use data from the Federal Reserve’s Survey of Consumer Finances to study the link between union membership and household wealth. Union members have indeed more wealth than non-members. This additional wealth follows from higher incomes, more regular savings, more widespread access to key benefits and greater employment stability. The decline in union membership over the past three decades may have also contributed to the growth in wealth inequality as fewer households benefit from higher wages, more widespread benefits and greater job stability. Moreover, some factors associated with union membership, especially regular savings, increasingly contributed to the union wealth gap over time.
Obstacle Detection in Indoor Environment for Visually Impaired Using Mobile Camera

Obstacle detection can improve the mobility as well as the safety of visually impaired people. In this paper, we present a system using mobile camera for visually impaired people. The proposed algorithm works in indoor environment and it uses a very simple technique of using few pre-stored floor images. In indoor environment all unique floor types are considered and a single image is stored for each unique floor type. These floor images are considered as reference images. The algorithm acquires an input image frame and then a region of interest is selected and is scanned for obstacle using pre-stored floor images. The algorithm compares the present frame and the next frame and compute mean square error of the two frames. If mean square error is less than a threshold value α then it means that there is no obstacle in the next frame. If mean square error is greater than α then there are two possibilities; either there is an obstacle or the floor type is changed. In order to check if the floor is changed, the algorithm computes mean square error of next frame and all stored floor types. If minimum of mean square error is less than a threshold value α then flour is changed otherwise there exist an obstacle. The proposed algorithm works in real-time and 96% accuracy has been achieved.
Neutron Diffraction Study of Microstructure of Nanocrystalline Cubic Niobium Carbides from NbC 0 . 77 to NbC 0 . 96

The microstructure of nanocrystalline nonstoichiometric niobium carbides NbC0.77, NbC0.84, NbC0.96 powders produced by high-energy ball milling has been investigated by time-of-flight (TOF) high resolution neutron diffraction. The diffraction patterns have been collected with the high resolution Fourier diffractometer HRFD by using the TOF mode of data acquisition. The nanocrystalline ballmilled powders have a microinhomogeneous structure, in which two fractions with different particle size and composition can be identified. The average sizes of the coherent scattering regions and microstrains in nanocrystallites with allowance for the anisotropy of the deformation distortions have been estimated. It is shown that TOF neutron diffraction patterns can provide the very accurate data for microstructure analysis of nanocrystalline powders.
Yang-Mills connections on U(n)-bundles over compact Riemann surfaces

This thesis was submitted as a part of a Masters by research degree in the School of Mathematical and Computer Sciences at the University of Adelaide during March 2002. Its aim is to provide a detailed dissertation on the solutions to the Yang-Mills equations over compact Riemann surfaces analysed in terms of algebro-topological and differential-geometric structures on vector bundles over such manifolds, in the spirit of the paper The Yang-Mills equat'ions ouer cornpact R'iernann surfaces l2]by Michael Ati,yah and Raoul Bott. The introduction gives a physical motivation for the subject of Yang-Mills connections which is aimed at familiarising the reader, at an informal level, with preliminary concepts in differential geometry needed in exploring this topic. Subsequent chapters will make specific the preliminary material and will also serve as the introduction of the main analytical and algebraic methods implemented in the study of Yang-Mills connections on Riemann surfaces. The project is structured as follows. Following a brief overview of connections, the Yang Mills functional and the associated equations are given. A subsequent section on equ,iuariant Morse theory sets the framework for the thesis, while the following sections on relations to stable bundles and certain rnoduli, spaces of semi-stable bundles serve as descriptive methods of solutions of the Yang Mills equations on compact Riemann surfaces. By restricting our attention to bundles with structure group U (n) we may apply Morse theory to the Yang-Mills functional and stratify the space of connections. With this we will deduce information about the Yang-Mills minima by computing the equivariant cohomology of the moduli spaces N(n,k) of stable bundles of rank n and degree k in the coprime case (n,k) : t. The level of complexity of this thesis is that understandable by honours graduate students of differential geometry and algebraic topology who have gone on to specialise in these fields. 1 STATEMENT OF SUBMISSIO]V 1 Statement of submission. This work contains no material which has been accepted for the award of any other degree or diploma in any university or other tertiary institution and, to the best of my knowledge and belief, contains no material previously published or written by another person, except where due reference has been made in the text. I consent to this copy of my thesis, when deposited in the University Library, being available for loan and photocopying. The principal aid given to me in the production of this thesis was by Dr. Nicholas Buchdahl acting as primary supervisor, and Dr. Michael Murray as outside consultant, both members of the Pure Mathematics department in the University of Adelaide. Mr. Peter Ernst Lawrence BSc(Ma & Comp Sc)(Hons) 1
Overweight , anemia , and academic achievement among elementary school children in Bogor )

The purpose of this study was to analyze the correlation between overweight, anemia, and academic achievement of elementary school students in Bogor District. The design of this study was a crosssectional and it was conducted between March to July 2014, at Polisi 1 and At Taufiq elementary school. Total subjects were 100 students, consisting of 62 students (62%) with normal nutritional status and 38 students (38%) overnutrition (overweight and obese). Mann Whitney test, Independent sample t test, Spearman and Pearson correlation test were applied to analyze the variables tested. The results showed that there were a significantly different intake of energy, protein, and fat (p<0.05), but not for anemic status and academic achievement among normal nutritional status and overnutrition of the subjects. A significant correlation was found between energy intake and nutritional status (p<0.05), anemic status and the mean scores of science and Indonesian language subjects (p<0.05). However, there were no significant correlation among nutritional status with anemic status and academic achievement (p>0.05).
Raised incidence of autoimmune thyroiditis among females in 2 nd , 3 rd and 4 th decades : a randomized study

Autoimmune thyroid disease (AITD), a mutual organ specific autoimmune disorder is seen mostly in women between 30-50 years of age. Thyroid autoimmunity can cause numerous forms of thyroiditis extending from hypothyroidism (Hashimoto’s thyroiditis) to hyperthyroidism (Graves’ disease). Prevalence rate of autoimmune facilitated hypothyroidism is around 0.8 per 100 and 95% among them are women. About 2 to 4 percent of women and up to 1% of men are affected worldwide, and the prevalence rate increases with advancing age. Graves’ disease is about one tenth as mutual as hypothyroidism and inclines to occur more in younger entities. Both these disorders segment many immunologic topographies and the disease may progress from one state to other as the autoimmune process changes. Genetic, environmental and endogenous factors are responsible for commencement of thyroid autoimmunity. Numerous studies show a higher frequency of AITD in family members of patients with autoimmune hypothyroidism and Graves’ disease.
Diversity of cellulase- and xylanase-producing filamentous fungi from termite mounds

Cellulases and xylanases are enzymes of industrial significance, particularly in the pulp, paper, textile, and animal feed industries. Moreover, their utilization in the food industry, among them, bakery, brewery, winery and fruit and vegetable juice production, cannot be underestimated. One of the potential sources of enzymes is the filamentous fungi, and hence bio-prospecting of this specific group of microorganisms with the highest levels of cellulase and xylanase secretions is being continuously undertaken. The specific aim of this study was to isolate and characterize cellulase- and xylanase-producing filamentous fungi from termite mounds. Termite mounds have long been established as very good sources of filamentous fungi with the ability to secrete high levels of lignocellulolytic enzymes, and hence an ideal target for the bio-prospecting of cellulases and xylanases. In this study, various groups of filamentous fungi were isolated through enrichment and repeated sub-culturing. This was followed by screening using the Congo red plate-based assay. Cellulase and xylanase activities during the solid-state fermentation of wheat bran were detected and analyzed through spectrophotometry via the 3,5-dinitrosalicylic acid detection system for reducing sugars. The obtained fungal isolates were then finally characterized through zymography, reaction kinetics and morphological studies. Overall, a total of eight different groups of fungi, capable of decomposing cellulose and hemicellulose, were isolated, and their tentative identities established as Fusarium, Didymostible, Penicillium, Phytophthora, Oedocephalum, Aspergillus, Monosporascus and Acremonium. Taken together, findings of this study conceivably showed that termite mounds are a good source of filamentous fungi that in turn are also a good source of cellulases and xylanases that arguably, can be recommended for use in industrial and commercial settings. Key words: Filamentous fungi, lignocellulosic substrates, lignocellulolytic enzymes, cellulases, xylanases, termite mounds, termite nests, fungal combs.
PRESUPPOSITION STRATEGIES IN DATA INTERPRETATION : MALAY CORPUS DATA ANALYSIS

This study aims to describe the proses of data interpretation using presupposition strategy. Generally, presupposition refers to what the speaker assumes to be the case before making an utterance (Yule, 1996: 42). This study applies the types of presupposition proposed by Levinson (1983). Levinson had underlined nine presupposition types, which are Existential Presupposition, Factive Presupposition, Lexical Presupposition, Nonfactive Presupposition, Structural Presupposition, Counter Factual Presupposition, Iterative Presupposition, Implicative Presupposition and Temporal Presupposition. In order to emphasize the presupposition types in Malay, this research used a data corpus developed by Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka (DBP). The results indicated that the nine presupposition types proposed by Levinson (1983) are being used in Malay sentences and speeches. Eventually, this research emphasized that the presuppositions used in communication are able to give a certain understanding to the reader or receiver especially when they get to comprehend the strategies underlined.
Based on Ability Realization Matrices

Ability realization matrices model of ability training goal, realization mode and learning output as coordinate is established, based on the educational accreditation standard of engineering education; The ability training-oriented curriculum teaching system is reconstructed, according to ability training requirements of Outstanding Engineers Plan; Quantitative evaluation of the learning output is completed by the closed-loop feedback control and analysis of teaching quality; At last, aiming at the practical problems in engineering education, the curriculum teaching reform and exploration based on the ability realization matrices model is implemented to improve the ability of engineering application and innovation.
Persistence in University-Industry Collaboration on Innovation

Promoting university-industry collaboration on innovation plays an important role in innovation policy. Several studies focus on characterising firms that collaborate with universities, but they tend to treat universities as a uniform entity and do not distinguish between factors that are associated with initiating and persistently collaborating with the same university on innovation. This paper addresses this gap in the innovation literature by studying firms’ collaboration with specific universities. The paper applies unique innovation survey data on firms’ collaboration on innovation with specific universities in Denmark combined with detailed register-based information on firms and their employees. The analysis draws on a balanced panel of 1797 firms in Denmark from two consecutive innovation surveys covering 2009-11 and 2012-14. Firms’ collaborations with two specific technically oriented universities located in a peripheral and metropolitan region, respectively, are explored. The study finds a partial overlap between factors associated with initiating a university-industry collaboration and collaborating persistently. However, differences are also detected, and these mainly appear to be related to the type of region the collaborating university is located in.