Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Automatic Topic Modeling for Single Document Short Texts

This paper presents a novel approach to automate the process of extracting topic and main title from a single-document short text. The proposed approach uses online text mining and Natural Language Processing techniques. The title of any text provides an efficient way to concisely grasp the overview of the contents in the text by giving a glance on its main heading only, which is quicker than reading the summary. In this paper, three different mechanisms have been proposed, implemented and compared to find the best approach for automatic extraction of a topic that is more relevant to the overall event explained in the text. The proposed system is evaluated against fifteen news articles from New York Times. The significance of the paper is twofold: Firstly, these automatic topic extraction techniques can be used further for document classification, document relevancy and similarity, summarization, comprehensive grasp of any event and finding novelty in out sized and scattered text data by scanning titles. Secondly, it can be used as a road map for the new researchers by using this detailed analysis of various data mining techniques. The experimental results show that the Nouns are more related, reliable, and suitable words for finding the topic of the text.
Architectural level hypothesis testing through reverse engineering of object-oriented software

Comprehension of an object oriented (OO) system, its architecture and use of OO features such as aggregation, generalisation and other forms of association is a difficult task to undertake without the original design documentation for reference. A reverse engineering tool was used to reproduce the UML design documentation from code of three industrial sized systems. High level class metrics were then collected directly from the design documents. Three hypotheses were tested to establish relationships between these high level features and the low level class features of number of class methods and attributes. A further hypothesis was tested to determine features of key classes in a system. Results indicated that, whilst no clear patterns emerged for hypotheses relating to generalisation, there was a clear (positive) statistical significance for all three systems studied between aggregation, other types of association and the number of method and attributes in a class. The final hypothesis tested supported the view that key classes in each of the three systems tended to contain a large number of methods, attributes, and associations, significant amounts of aggregation but very little inheritance. An important factor in the comprehension of a systems' architecture is therefore an understanding of the systems' key classes and the coupling patterns (due to aggregation and association) of those classes.
A fast battery charger topology for charging of electric vehicles

A parallel power conversion based fast battery charger topology for electric vehicles is presented in this study. The proposed topology has high system efficiency as well as reduced converter size. The proposed topology also provides wider range of duty ratio compared to conventional topologies. The enhancements of the proposed topology are evaluated and the results are demonstrated through an example design.
A FEW SIMPLE GUIDELINES RELATED TO IMAGE CAPTCHAS

Human interactive proofs (HIPs) or CAPTCHAs are a common tool to prevent automated attacks on Web services. Their prime objective is to detect whether a human is controlling the actions of a specific client. Although vulnerable to various adversarial activities, HIPs are simply a necessity when minimizing costs of running a Web service. In this paper, we analyze the existing, widely adopted practice to assemble a HIP puzzle by warping an image that encapsulates a sequence of randomly selected, printed letters. We reach the following conclusions. First, on a large database of fonts, we showcase that various parameterization techniques such as font variability, are unlikely to maintain the efficacy of a specific HIP setting. Second, we point to the fact that it is suboptimal to use all letters of the alphabet as candidates for constructing HIPs; to that extent, we present an optimal procedure for letter selection that achieves minimal overall true positive detection rate. Finally, we point to the fact that under such circumstances humans are not necessarily always worse than computers in solving HIPs — a belief that has been promoted in related work.
A DEVELOPMENT OF FAULT-TOLERANT AND SCHEDULING SYSTEM FOR GRID COMPUTING

This paper addresses the scheduling of user jobs in grids so that failures can be avoided in the presence of resources faults. The proposed architecture employs job replication as an effective approach for achieving efficient fault-tolerant and scheduling system. Most of work done using the replication-based approach assumes using a fixed number of replications for each job which consumes more grid resources. We first propose an algorithm to determine adaptively the number of job replicas according to the grid failure history. Then we propose an algorithm to schedule these replicas. The proposed algorithms have been evaluated through simulation and have shown better performance in terms of grid load, throughput and failure tendency.
TRP Channels: Molecular Diversity and Physiological Function

Calcium ions (Ca2 +) are particularly important in cellular homeostasis and activity. To elicit physiologically relevant timing and spatial patterns of Ca2+ signaling, ion channels in the surface of each cell precisely control Ca2+ influx across the plasma membrane. A group of surface membrane ion channels called receptor‐activated cation/Ca2+ channels (RACCs) are activated by diverse cellular stimuli from the surrounding extracellular environment via receptors and other pathways such as heat, osmotic pressure, and mechanical and oxidative stress. An important clue to understanding the molecular mechanisms underlying the functional diversity of RACCs was first attained by molecular identification of the transient receptor potential (trp) protein (TRP), which mediates light‐induced depolarization in Drosophila photoreceptor cells, and its homologues from various biological species. Recent studies have revealed that respective TRP channels are indeed activated by characteristic cellular stimuli. Furthermore, the involvement of TRP channels has been demonstrated in the signaling pathways essential for tissue‐specific functions as well as ubiquitous biological responses, such as cell proliferation, differentiation, and death. These findings encourage the usage of TRP channels and their signalplexes as powerful tools for developing novel pharmaceutical targets.
The clinical significance of circulating soluble RAGE in patients with severe sepsis

BACKGROUND The receptor for advanced glycation end products (RAGE) is a pattern-recognition receptor involved in the pathogenesis of inflammatory diseases. However, the significance of the soluble isoform of RAGE (sRAGE) has not been clarified in critical illness. We investigated circulating sRAGE in blood samples from septic patients. METHODS In this cross-sectional study, criteria for inclusion were patients with severe sepsis and age older than 18 years. Samples were collected within 24 hours after the diagnosis of sepsis and also from healthy volunteers. The levels of sRAGE and RAGE signaling pathway-associated biologic parameters were measured with an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kit. Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation II (APACHE II) and Sequential Organ Failure Assessment (SOFA) scores were calculated at the time of patient enrollment. We used the International Society of Thrombosis and Haemostasis (ISTH) overt disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) diagnostic criteria algorithm to assess coagulopathy. RESULTS Included were 24 septic patients and 12 healthy volunteers. Serum sRAGE level was significantly increased in the patients compared with healthy controls. Significant correlations were found between sRAGE levels and APACHE II, SOFA, and ISTH DIC scores. The increase in sRAGE levels also correlated with the upregulation of interleukin-6, soluble vascular adhesion molecule 1, and plasminogen activator inhibitor 1 levels and a reduction in platelet count. The fraction of sRAGE other than the endogenous secreted form of RAGE (esRAGE) was augmented in the patients. CONCLUSION We demonstrated for the first time that the serum level of sRAGE increased with the progression of DIC and the severity of sepsis, suggesting that circulating sRAGE reflects RAGE signaling pathway activity, which induces the excessive inflammatory response involved in endothelial injury and coagulopathy and that its measurement may be useful as a biomarker for sepis. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE Prognostic study, level IV.
Interaction between acetylcholine and adenosine triphosphate in normal, curarised and denervated muscle.

Summary. 1Application of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) preceding the intra-arterial injection of acetylcholine increases the sensitivity of striated amphibian and mammalian muscle to acetylcholine. This sensitization is not specifically connected with the neuromuscular transmission, for there is also in curarised muscle an increase of the mechanical response produced by electrical stimulation after previous application of ATP. This increase is, however, restricted to the actual period of contraction. 2In denervated muscle intra-arterial injection of acetylcholine renders the muscle insensitive to subsequent application of ATP. When small amounts of acetylcholine are applied, the block is only present when ATP is administered through the artery, intramuscular application of this substance still being highly effective in the release of contraction. Larger amounts of acetylcholine also prevent intramuscularly applied ATP from being active. The electrical excitability remains unaltered. 3The threshold for intra-artefially injected acetylcholine was ound to be ten times higher in winterfrogs than in summer-frogs. In the former acetylcholine produces a contracture-like response. Previous application of ATP changes it to a contraction of short duration. When twitches are produced by electrical stimulation during the acetylcholine response, they are enhanced in summerfrogs and reduced in height in winterfrogs. 4Intra-arterial injection of acetylcholine decreases the electrical excitability and changes the strength-duration curve of muscle for a considerable time after its application. The effect is especially pronounced in denervated muscle. The electrical excitability of denervated muscle is considerably higher than that of curarised muscle, while strength-duration curves of denervated muscle are unaffected by curarisation. Previous application of ATP does not affect the strength-duration curve of a muscle.
Phase III trial of bevacizumab plus interferon alfa versus interferon alfa monotherapy in patients with metastatic renal cell carcinoma: final results of CALGB 90206.

PURPOSE Bevacizumab is an antibody that binds vascular endothelial growth factor and has activity in metastatic renal cell carcinoma (RCC). Interferon alfa (IFN-alpha) is the historic standard initial treatment for RCC. A prospective, randomized, phase III trial of bevacizumab plus IFN-alpha versus IFN-alpha monotherapy was conducted. PATIENTS AND METHODS Patients with previously untreated, metastatic clear cell RCC were randomly assigned to receive either bevacizumab (10 mg/kg intravenously every 2 weeks) plus IFN-alpha (9 million units subcutaneously three times weekly) or the same dose and schedule of IFN-alpha monotherapy in a multicenter phase III trial. The primary end point was overall survival (OS). Secondary end points were progression-free survival (PFS), objective response rate, and safety. RESULTS Seven hundred thirty-two patients were enrolled. The median OS time was 18.3 months (95% CI, 16.5 to 22.5 months) for bevacizumab plus IFN-alpha and 17.4 months (95% CI, 14.4 to 20.0 months) for IFN-alpha monotherapy (unstratified log-rank P = .097). Adjusting on stratification factors, the hazard ratio was 0.86 (95% CI, 0.73 to 1.01; stratified log-rank P = .069) favoring bevacizumab plus IFN-alpha. There was significantly more grade 3 to 4 hypertension (HTN), anorexia, fatigue, and proteinuria for bevacizumab plus IFN-alpha. Patients who developed HTN on bevacizumab plus IFN-alpha had a significantly improved PFS and OS versus patients without HTN. CONCLUSION OS favored the bevacizumab plus IFN-alpha arm but did not meet the predefined criteria for significance. HTN may be a biomarker of outcome with bevacizumab plus IFN-alpha.
Kollaboratives, leichtgewichtiges Erzeugen von Modellskizzen und zugehörigen Notationen im Rahmen von RE Workshops

1. Motivation und Problem Kollaboration im Requirements Engineering (RE) beinhaltet oft das Skizzieren von Diagrammen, um relevante Information festzuhalten und zu kommunizieren, vor allem in kreativen und frühen Phasen der Anforderungsermittlung. Physische Medien wie Papier und Wandtafeln eignen sich aufgrund ihrer Flexibilität perfekt dafür, da die Ingenieure frei in der Wahl der Notation für ihre Ideen sind [1]. Teilformale SoftwareModellierungswerkzeuge hingegen beschränken sich auf bestimmte Notationen. Sie erlauben präzise Aussagen, stehen gleichzeitig dadurch aber der Kreativität im Weg. Zwischen diesen beiden Werkzeug-Welten existiert ein Medienbruch: auf physischen Medien erstellte Diagramm-Skizzen können nicht von SoftwareWerkzeugen interpretiert werden. Soll die skizzierte Information in maschinenlesbarer Form weiterverwendet werden, sind in einem zusätzlichen Schritt neue (teil-)formale Modelle zu erstellen.
Grid-Refinement Direction of Arrival Tracking via Least Square Compressive Sensing

In this paper, we propose a novel DOA tracking algorithm based on Least Square Compressive Sensing. The algorithm comes from the observation that a compressive sensing problem turns into a least square problem once the support is known. Utilizing the support from former time instant, compressive sensing recovery is performed on residual when least square residual is bigger than a threshold. In order to improve the resolution and decrease computation complexity, grid refinement is performed before least square. Under the assumption that the sparsity pattern of signal changes slowly, the grid refinement step is sufficient to track the DOA and the compressive sensing recovery step can be omitted in most of the time. Numerical results demonstrate that the proposed DOA tracking algorithm possess better performance and requires less computational complexity.
Implementation of RSA 2048-bit and AES 128-bit for Secure e-learning web-based application

E-learning systems today focuses on wide accessibility which is relatively contradictive to security. But as the cyber landscape has changed, so is the cyber security threat that follows. Security is needed to prevent from cyber threat such as data theft, modification, and fabrication, especially in a web-based environment. In this research, RSA 2048-bit algorithm, AES 256-bit and SHA 256 will be implemented in PHP and Javascript programming. Secure Electronic Learning System (SELS) application is designed to accommodate security services, such as confidentiality, integrity, authentication, and non-repudiation. Encryption to provide confidentiality services in file exchange process. Digital signature used to provide integrity, authentication, and non-repudiation in the access control and file exchange processes. Moreover, application can give information about file modification with notification to users. We demonstrated the implementation of cryptography in SELS can prevent data theft, illegal access, data modification or fabrication and is proven on the test.
Projection-based modeling and simulation of nonsmooth Hamiltonian mechanics

This paper extends projection-based formulations of nonsmooth mechanics to the Hamiltonian setting, where projection mappings may be defined in terms of phase information. The projection-based approach embeds the presence of unilateral constraints into a projection mapping and yields models with greater smoothness properties relative to classical representations. Herein, we establish sufficient conditions by which a projection-based model will remain Hamiltonian as well as conditions by which solutions will be C1 smooth. In combination, these results identify a means to impart the geometric structure of unconstrained smooth mechanics to nonsmooth mechanical systems and enable the use of smooth simulation and control techniques.
The chemical mimicking of the mechanical stimulation, photoinhibition, and recovery from photoinihibition of bioluminescence in the marine dinoflagellate, Gonyaulax polyedra

Mechanically stimulable bioluminescence and photoinhibition of sensitivity to mechanical stimulation in the marine dinoflagellate Gonyaulax polyedra can be mimicked by a number of cations, proportional to the logarithm of their external concentrations. The data are consistent with mechanical stimulability as a membrane depolarization resulting in an increase in H+ions at bioluminescence sites and with photoinhibition as a hyperpolarization of the cell membrane.
Comments on “a reduced test suite for protocol conformance testing”

A previousACM TOSEM article of Ph. Bernhard (“A Reduced Test Suite of Protocol Conformance Testing,” ACM Transactions on Software Engineering and Methodology, Vol. 3, No. 3, July 1994, pages 201-220) describes three new versions of the so-called W-method for solving the protocol-testing problem, i.e., solving the Mealy machine equivalence problem. The author claims that these versions all have the same fault detection capability as the original W-method. In this correspondence we prove that the results of that article are incorrect.
Recanalization with Wingspan Stent for Acute Middle Cerebral Artery Occlusion in Failure or Contraindication to Intravenous Thrombolysis: A Feasibility Study

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Recanalization with the Wingspan stent, which can be deployed rapidly and safely, is an option for treating acute ischemic stroke when intravenous thrombolysis has failed or is contraindicated. This study was performed to evaluate feasibility, efficacy, and safety of recanalization for acute middle cerebral artery occlusion using the Wingspan stent. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We collected 10 patients with acute MCA occlusion in whom recanalization was not achieved with a standard intravenous thrombolysis, or who were ineligible for intravenous thrombolysis, or who presented after 3 hours of symptom onset and in whom the stent placement could be completed within 8 hours from symptom onset. We analyzed angiographic and clinical results. RESULTS: Successful recanalization with the Wingspan stent was achieved in all patients. The mean NIHSS score on admission was 12.7 points (range 4–21). The occlusion sites were located in the 1st segment (n = 7; 2 left, 5 right) and 2nd segment (n = 3, all right) of the MCA. The mean time interval from stroke symptom onset to stent placement was 344.8 ± 76.3 minutes. No intracranial hemorrhage, vessel perforations, or dissections occurred in any patient. Nine patients improved on the NIHSS at 7 days. One patient did not have a change in the NIHSS score, even though the occluded artery was completely recanalized. At 7 days, the NIHSS score of all patients was 4.4 ± 4.7 (median 4, range 0–13). At discharge, an mRS of ≤3 was achieved in all patients and an mRS of ≤2 was achieved in 7 patients (70%). CONCLUSIONS: This small case series demonstrates the feasibility of using the Wingspan stent safely and effectively for MCA occlusions when standard treatments are ineffective or not available.
Internet Mail Architecture

Over its thirty-five year history Internet Mail has undergone significant changes in scale and complexity, as it has become a global infrastructure service. The first standardized architecture for networked email specified little more than a simple split between the user world and the transmission world. Core aspects of the service, such as the styles of mailbox address and basic message format, have remained remarkably constant. However today's Internet Mail is marked by many independent operators, many different components for providing service to users and many others for performing message transfer. Public discussion of the service often lacks common terminology and a common frame of reference for these components and their activities. Having a common reference model and terminology makes a basic difference when talking about problems with the service, changes in policy, or enhancement to the service's functionality. This document offers an enhanced Internet Mail architecture that targets description of the existing service, in order to facilitate clearer and more efficient technical, operations and policy discussions about email.
Leader-Following Consensus of Multi-agent in Switching Networks with Time-Delay

This paper is devoted to the study of multi-agent consensus with a time-varying reference state in directed networks with both switching topology and constant time delay. Stability analysis is performed based on a proposed Lyapunov–Krasovskii function. Sufficient conditions based on linear matrix inequalities (LMIs) are given to guarantee multi-agent consensus on a time-vary reference state under arbitrary switching of the network topology even if the network communication is affected by time delay. Finally, simulation examples are given to validate the theoretical results. DOI: http://dx.doi. org/10.11591/telkomnika.v11i6. 2603 Full Text: PDF
H∞ filter design for discrete-time system with lossy measurement: An LMI approach

This paper investigates the problem of H∞ full-order filter and reduced-order filter design for a class of discrete-time system with lossy measurement. The lossy measurement is described by a binary switching sequence satisfying Bernoulli distribution. By introducing slack variable, sufficient conditions are obtained for the existence of admissible filters. Moreover, in order to overcome the non-convex constraint for reduced-order H∞ filter design, by converting the structural constraints on the Lyapunov matrix to the constraints on the slack variables, the admissible filters can be obtained from the solution of convex optimization problems in terms of linear matrix inequalities(LMIs), which can be solved via efficient interior-point algorithms. Numerical example is presented to illustrate the feasibility and advantages of the proposed methodologies.
The concepts and terms of mechanics.

Mechanics can be understood in non-mathematical terms. Two important kinds of strength are ultimate or breaking strength, and yield strength--the stress which will cause a permanent deformity (e.g., bending a bone plate). Stress, like pressure, is measured in pounds per square inch. Strain is the percentage "gain in length. " The strength of bone is roughly comparable to oak wood. With hyperemia and resorption of bone substance, this strength can fall drastically in a matter of weeks. Bone cement is well named; like cement it has almost no useful tensile strength. Its compressive strength is roughly comparable to bone. Doubling the depth of a beam quadruples its strength