Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Human Resource Management in South Korea After the Asian Financial Crisis : Emerging Patterns from the Labyrinth

The 1997 Asian financial crisis impacted greatly on South Korean society generally and its human resources (HR) and HR management (HRM) specifically. This article examines the context and developments in HRM and locates the relative roles of several theoretical perspectives and the crisis in this situation. Several features of change are detailed. While the crisis undoubtedly had an influence on HRM, other forces were also at work. To allocate the crisis a primes inter pares role amongst these factors can be problematic. This perspective also has relevance for the literature on other factors seen as dramatically changing HRM, including convergence and, more recently, globalization.
Transition from a plasmid to a chromosomal mode of replication entails additional regulators

Plasmid origins of replication are rare in bacterial chromosomes, except in multichromosome bacteria. The replication origin of Vibrio cholerae chromosome II (chrII) closely resembles iteron-bearing plasmid origins. Iterons are repeated initiator binding sites in plasmid origins and participate both in replication initiation and its control. The control is mediated primarily by coupling of iterons via the bound initiators (“handcuffing”), which causes steric hindrance to the origin. The control in chrII must be different, since the timing of its replication is cell cycle-specific, whereas in plasmids it is random. Here we show that chrII uses, in addition to iterons, another kind of initiator binding site, named 39-mers. The 39-mers confer stringent control by increasing handcuffing of iterons, presumably via initiator remodeling. Iterons, although potential inhibitors of replication themselves, restrain the 39-mer–mediated inhibition, possibly by direct coupling (“heterohandcuffing”). We propose that the presumptive transition of a plasmid to a chromosomal mode of control requires additional regulators to increase the stringency of control, and as will be discussed, to gain the capacity to modulate the effectiveness of the regulators at different stages of the cell cycle.
A positive approach to parents with concerns about vaccination for the family physician.

BACKGROUND Vaccine hesitancy is becoming increasingly recognised as an issue in Australia and globally, as concerns about vaccines and their safety predominate over concerns about the risk of vaccine-preventable diseases. OBJECTIVE This review provides an approach for primary care physicians to enable effective communication with parents who have differ-ent levels of concerns about vaccinations and awareness of currently available resources that may be used to support discussions. DISCUSSION Clear and flexible communication strategies for healthcare providers to undertake effective discussions with vaccine-hesitant parents or clear referral pathways are the key to addressing concerns about vaccination in both primary and secondary care.
Zum gesellschafts- und integrationspolitischen Charakter des europäischen Krisenkonstitutionalismus

Den europäischen Entscheidungsträgern lässt sich nur schwerlich vorwerfen, dass sie der Krisendynamik der letzten Jahre tatenlos zusehen würden. Das Gegenteil scheint der Fall zu sein. Die Regierungschefs, Zentralbanker, EUKommissare, Finanzoder auch Außenminister eilen nicht nur von einem Krisentreffen zum nächsten, sie haben sich auch immer wieder – oft allerdings nur sehr mühsam – zu politischen Entscheidungen durchgerungen, also die gemeinschaftlichen Momente im Krisenmanagement sukzessive gestärkt (vgl. Bieling 2011). Nach dem Ausbruch der Finanzund Wirtschaftskrise, d.h. in den Jahren 2008 und 2009, hatte die gemeinschaftliche Politik zunächst nur darin bestanden, die nationalen Konjunkturprogramme, Rettungsschirme und Maßnahmen der Einlagensicherung zu koordinieren, Initiativen zur Stärkung der Finanzaufsicht zu starten und einen EU-Nothilfefonds für Länder außerhalb der Eurozone einzurichten. In dem Maße, wie sich die Krise anschließend in eine Staatsschuldenund Eurokrise transformierte, gewannen in der Krisenbearbeitung die gemeinschaftlich-supranationalen Elemente dann jedoch an Bedeutung: so etwa in Gestalt der European Financial Stability Facility (EFSF), die nun in den European Stability Mechanism (ESM) überführt wird, einer Politik der Europäischen Zentralbank (EZB), die mit Blick auf die Liquiditätssicherung und die Refinanzierung der Staaten zunehmend interventionistisch agiert, und vor allem einer wiederholten Reform der finanzpolitischen Koordination – die Einführung eines ‚Europäischen Zum gesellschaftsund integrationspolitischen Charakter des europäischen Krisenkonstitutionalismus
Challenges in balancing the amount of solution information in requirement specifications for embedded products

Requirements are traditionally viewed as being free of the details of an envisioned solution and specified using purely problem domain entities. Preventing premature design in the requirements permits the available design space not to be restricted too early which might inhibit innovative designs. In practice, on many industrial projects, separating the problem and solution domain entities can be difficult, and arguably there are benefits for not doing so. Many customers feel more confident describing their requirements, often as the difference between the existing products and their needs, some customers have such intimate knowledge of their products that their requirements tend to be very specific, and if the customer knows the exact solution needed that naturally will reduce the cost of the requirements elicitation as well as design activities. Practitioners are challenged to understand when having solution information in requirements is sensible and when it should be avoided. In this research challenge paper, we advocate that researchers should identify different contexts and corresponding criteria that practitioners can use to evaluate when requirements specifications may include design information. To understand the research challenge we present experiences from real projects and suggest possible factors that affect when design information may be viable in requirements specifications.
The cytoplasmic/transmembrane domain of dipeptidyl peptidase IV, a type II glycoprotein, contains an apical targeting signal that does not specifically interact with lipid rafts.

We investigated the signals involved in the apical targeting of dipeptidyl peptidase IV (DPP IV/CD26), an archetypal type II transmembrane glycoprotein. A secretory construct, corresponding to the DPP IV ectodomain, was first stably expressed in both the enterocytic-like cell line Caco-2 and the epithelial kidney MDCK cells. Most of the secretory form of the protein was delivered apically in MDCK cells, whereas secretion was 60% basolateral in Caco-2 cells, indicating that DPP IV ectodomain targeting is cell-type-dependent. A chimera (CTM-GFP) containing only the cytoplasmic and transmembrane domains of mouse DPP IV plus the green fluorescent protein was then studied. In both cell lines, this chimera was preferentially expressed at the apical membrane. By contrast, a secretory form of GFP was randomly secreted, indicating that GFP by itself does not contain cryptic targeting information. Comparison of the sequence of the transmembrane domain of DPP IV and several other apically targeted proteins does not show any consensus, suggesting that the apical targeting signal may be conformational. Neither the DPP IV nor the CTM-GFP chimera was enriched in lipid rafts. Together these results indicate that, besides the well-known raft-dependent apical targeting pathway, the fate of the CTM domain of DPP IV may reveal a new raft-independent apical pathway.
The Brotherhood of the Swedish Sphere: A Third Institutional Form for Economic Exchange

The impact of transaction-cost theory on the knowledge of organizations has been growing ever since Ouchi's (1977) introductory review of Williamson's Markets and Hierarchies (1975). However, there are at least two reasons why the theory does not yet represent a theory of organizations: the theory is pure and it is poor pure because it uses an ideal-type reasoning, and poor because it uses only two ideal types, the market and the hierarchy. The shortcomings of the theory become apparent in analyzing the Swedish manner of controlling large corporations. So-called financial groups in Sweden consist of autonomous corporations linked together through crossownership, loans, interlocking boards of directors, and management transfers. Control of these corporations cannot be analyzed satisfactorily in terms of the
Getting a Sporting Chance: Title IX and the Intergenerational Transmission of Health

We know that healthier mothers tend to have healthier infants, but we do not know how much of that relationship reflects the intergenerational transmission of genetic attributes versus environmental influences. From a policy perspective, it is crucial to understand which environmental influences are important and whether investments in one generation affect outcomes for the next. I use variation in the implementation of Title IX to measure the effects of increased athletic opportunities on the health of infants. Babies born to women with greater athletic opportunities as teenagers have babies that are healthier at birth. They are less likely to be born of low or very low birthweight and have higher Apgar scores. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Innovative Retention Strategies for Nursing Staff

The creation of innovative retention strategies will be a major focus for nursing administration as a shortage of nurses recurs and turnover of staff becomes a problem. A recent study provides information on which to formulate retention strategies. The findings suggest that retention strategies, to be effective, need to be targeted specifically to particular conditions of the nursing staff, e.g., educational preparation and the clinical service on which staff are functioning. The authors outline their research findings and the innovative strategies that have been constructed.
What types of colorectal cancer overexpress the MAGE protein?

BACKGROUND/AIMS Tumor-specific antigens such as Melanoma-associated antigens could be attractive targets for immunotherapy. It will be a great help for cancer immunotherapy to distinguish what types of tumor expresses tumor-specific antigen. METHODOLOGY We investigated the expression pattern of MAGE-A1 by immunohistochemical typing methods in human colorectal cancers obtained from consecutive patients undergoing surgical treatment at the hospital of the University of Tokyo. RESULTS In 35 of 89 cases (39%), MAGE-A1 positive immunoreactivity was detected in the malignant glands. MAGE-A1 positive immunoreactivity was significantly higher among the patients under the age of 70 than among those 70 years of age and older (p=0.04). Among the patients under the age of 70, the tumors located in the distal colon (descending colon, sigmoid colon and rectum) showed significantly more positive MAGE-A1 immunoreactivity than those in the proximal colon (cecum, ascending colon and transverse colon) (p=0.04). The expression pattern of MAGE-A1 was not associated with gender, size, depth, histological type, vessel invasion, lymphatic invasion, lymph nodal invasion or stage of disease. CONCLUSIONS Relatively better results can be expected with MAGE-A1 immunotherapy among patients with distal colon cancer under the age of 70.
Role of quinone-iron(III) interaction in NADPH-dependent enzymatic generation of hydroxyl radicals.

To study the effect of chelation of iron ions by quinones on the generation of OH radicals in biological redox systems, we have synthesized quinones that can form complexes with Fe(III) ions: 2-phenyl-4-(butylamino)naphtho[2,3-h]quinoline-7,12-dione (Qbc) and 2-phenyl-4-(octylamino)naphtho[2,3-h]quinoline-7,12-dione (Qoc). A quinone with a similar structure without chelating group was synthesized as a control sample: 2-phenyl-5-nitronaphtho[2,3-g]indole-6,11-dione (Qn). Using optical spectroscopy, we determined the stability constant of Qbc with Fe(III) [Ks = (7 +/- 1) x 10(18) M-3] and the stoichiometry of the complex Fe(Qbc)3 in chloroform solutions. One-electron reduction potentials of Qbc, Qn, and adriamycin in dimethyl sulfoxide were measured by cyclic voltammetry. In the presence of Fe(III) the one-electron reduction potentials shifted toward positive values by 0.16 and 0.1 V for Qbc and adriamycin, respectively. Using the spin trap 5,5'-dimethyl-1-pyroline N-oxide (DMPO) and EPR, it was found that Qbc in the Fe(III) complex stimulated the formation of OH radicals in the enzymatic system consisting of NADPH and NADPH-cytochrome P-450 reductase more efficiently than adriamycin and quinone Qn. This is indicated by the absence of a lag period in the spin adduct appearance for Qbc and by a significantly higher rate of the spin adduct production, as well as by a larger absolute concentration of the spin adduct obtained for Qbc in comparison with Qn in the presence of Fe(III). (ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Low serum adiponectin levels in children and adolescents with diabetic retinopathy.

OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to elucidate the role of adiponectin, leptin, TNF-α and IL-6 on the early detection of the microvascular complications of type I diabetes. MATERIALS AND METHODS A total of 88 children were included in the study. There were 60 type I diabetic patients and 28 healthy control children. RESULTS The gender, age, weight, height, BMI and puberty status characteristics were similar in the patient and control groups (p>0.05). The serum leptin, TNF-α and IL-6 levels were similar between the patient and control groups (p>0.05) and the only difference was in the serum adiponectin level which was higher in the patient group (p:0.042). We also found no association between the adiponectin, leptin, TNF-α and IL-6 levels and diabetes duration (p>0.05). Leptin was high in the pubertal period (p:0.016), while adiponectin TNF-α and IL-6 levels were similar in the prepubertal and pubertal periods (p>0.05). The serum leptin level was high in microalbuminuria patients (p<0.041). The serum adiponectin, TNF-α, and IL-6 levels were not different in patients with and without microalbuminuria (p>0.05). The serum adiponectin level was lower in diabetic retinopathy patients (p:0.003), while the serum leptin level was higher (p:0.003). The TNF-α and IL-6 levels were similar in patients with and without retinopathy (p>0.05). CONCLUSION We found increased serum adinopectin levels in children and adolescents with type I diabetes mellitus and low levels in diabetic retinopathy patients. Patients with low serum adiponectin levels and high leptin levels should be more closely monitored for chronic complication development and better metabolic control should be aimed for.
Measuring Alcohol Consumption in Population Surveys: A Review of International Guidelines and Comparison with Surveys in England.

AIMS To review the international guidelines and recommendations on survey instruments for measurement of alcohol consumption in population surveys and to examine how national surveys in England meet the core recommendations. METHODS A systematic search for international guidelines for measuring alcohol consumption in population surveys was undertaken. The common core recommendations for alcohol consumption measures and survey instruments were identified. Alcohol consumption questions in national surveys in England were compared with these recommendations for specific years and over time since 2000. RESULTS Four sets of international guidelines and three core alcohol consumption measures (alcohol consumption status, average volume of consumption, frequency and volume of heavy episodic drinking) with another optional measure (drinking context) were identified. English national surveys have been inconsistent over time in including questions that provide information on average volume of consumption but have not included questions on another essential alcohol consumption measure, frequency of heavy episodic drinking. Instead, they have used questions that focus only on maximum volume of alcohol consumed on any day in the previous week. CONCLUSIONS International guidelines provide consistent recommendations for measuring alcohol consumption in population surveys. These recommendations have not been consistently applied in English national surveys, and this has contributed to the inadequacy of survey measurements for monitoring vital aspects of alcohol consumption in England over recent years.
How are you really feeling? A prospective evaluation of cognitive function following trauma

BACKGROUND Mild traumatic brain injury is associated with persistent cognitive difficulties. However, these symptoms may not be specific to the head injury itself. We sought to evaluate the prevalence of these symptoms in patients following trauma. METHODS A prospective analysis of patients who were seen in the outpatient trauma clinic during a 20-month period and completed self-administered Rivermead Post-Concussion Symptoms Questionnaire was conducted. “Significant” difficulty with cognition was defined by two or more symptoms reported as severe or four or more symptoms reported as moderate. Head injury was defined as head Abbreviated Injury Scale (AIS) score greater than 0, including the diagnosis of concussion. Multivariable logistic regression was used to test associations between head injury, injury severity, sex, and age with significant cognitive difficulties, loss of work/school, and unmet physical, occupational, or psychological therapy needs. RESULTS A total of 587 completed questionnaires were matched to trauma registry admissions (382 early, 111 mid, 86 late). The incidence of significant cognitive difficulties was 37% at less than 1 month, 40% at 1 month to 3 months, and 45% of patients at more than 3 months following injury. Head injury was not associated with increased odds for significant cognitive difficulties (adjusted odds ratio, 1.21; 95% confidence interval, 0.82–1.77; p = 0.3) There was no significant difference in symptoms in patients who carried a head injury diagnosis and those who did not. CONCLUSION Cognitive problems occur frequently following injury even in the absence of a head injury diagnosis. Either mild traumatic brain injury is grossly underdiagnosed or these symptoms are not specific to postconcussive states and simply are the cognitive sequelae of traumatic injury. The reporting of moderate-to-severe symptoms suggests a need to better understand the effects of trauma on cognitive function and strongly suggests that services for these patients are badly needed to maximize cognitive function and return to preinjury quality of life. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE Prognostic/epidemiologic study, level II.
Normal range of motion of the cervical spine: an initial goniometric study.

The purposes of this study were (1) to determine normal values for cervical active range of motion (AROM) obtained with a "cervical-range-of-motion" (CROM) instrument on healthy subjects whose ages spanned 9 decades, (2) to determine whether age and gender affect six cervical AROMs, and (3) to examine the intratester and intertester reliability of measurements obtained. Measurements were made on 337 subjects (171 females and 166 males) whose ages ranged from 11 to 97 years. Measurements were taken by five physical therapists with 7 to 30 years of clinical and teaching experience. Among male and female subjects of the same age, females had a greater AROM than did males for all AROMs except neck flexion. Among both males and females, each of the six cervical AROMs decreased significantly with age. From two pilot studies separate from the acquisition of the normal database, we determined our intratester and intertester reliabilities for making neck AROM measurements with the CROM instrument. We concluded that AROM measurements on the cervical spine with the CROM instrument demonstrated good intratester and intertester reliability, because the intraclass correlation coefficients were generally greater than . 80.
Has Sarbanes-Oxley standardized audit quality?

Purpose - The purpose of this paper is to examine whether the institutional changes accompanying the passage of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 (SOX) have standardized the audit’s role in the overall financial reporting process, thereby reducing the impact of auditor characteristics on financial reporting quality. Design/methodology/approach - To test this hypothesis, the association between audit quality characteristics (auditor size and industry expertise) and measures of financial reporting quality (analyst earning forecast dispersion and accuracy) are estimated using regression analysis. Results of this analysis are compared across the pre- and post-SOX periods. Findings - The results of the study document a significant relationship between auditor size (Big N vs non-Big N) and financial reporting quality (as proxied by analyst earnings forecast properties) during the pre-SOX period but not in the post-SOX period. Auditor industry expertise is significantly associated with financial reporting quality throughout the entire sample period. Thus, financial reporting quality continues to be dependent on the degree of specialization of an audit firm in both the pre- and post-SOX periods; however, the impact of auditor size as a surrogate for quality has diminished. Originality/value - The SOX Act of 2002 represented one of the most significant changes in the regulation of audits. This paper adds to the literature by examining the Act’s effects on financial professionals’ perception of the impact of audit firm characteristics on their client’s financial reporting quality.
Sudden Sensorineural Hearing Loss in the Elderly : Characteristics and Outcome

Idiopathic sudden sensorineural hearing loss (SSNHL) is defined as hearing loss of at least 30 dB in 3 sequential frequencies occurring within 72 hours . Its estimated incidence ranges from 5 to 20 cases per 100,000 population , lowest in individuals aged 2030 years (4.7 per 100,000), and highest in those aged 50-60 years (15.8 per 100,000) . Both sexes are equally affected and about 95% of the cases are unilateral . The elderly population is characterized by a high prevalence of presbycusis, with a 40% rate in individuals older than 65 years . Hearing impairment reduces the ability to understand speech and later to detect and localize sounds, thus affecting patients psychosocially and contributing to social isolation, depression, senile dementia and loss of self-esteem [6, . The higher rate of systemic diseases, such as diabetes mellitus, hypertension and dyslipidemia associated with microangiopathy, may negatively influence the course of SSNHL. Surprisingly, the data on idiopathic SSNHL in the elderly patients are very limited [8, .
A Distributed Delay-Efficient Data Aggregation Scheduling for Duty-Cycled WSNs

With the growing interest in wireless sensor networks (WSNs), minimizing network delay and maximizing sensor (node) lifetime are important challenges. Since the sensor battery is one of the most precious resources in a WSN, efficient utilization of the energy to prolong the network lifetime has been the focus of much of the research on WSNs. For that reason, many previous research efforts have tried to achieve tradeoffs in terms of network delay and energy cost for such data aggregation tasks. Recently, duty-cycling technique, i.e., periodically switching ON and OFF communication and sensing capabilities, has been considered to significantly reduce the active time of sensor nodes and thus extend network lifetime. However, this technique causes challenges for data aggregation. In this paper, we present a distributed approach, named distributed delay efficient data aggregation scheduling (DEDAS-D) to solve the aggregation-scheduling problem in duty-cycled WSNs. The analysis indicates that our solution is a better approach to solve this problem. We conduct extensive simulations to corroborate our analysis and show that DEDAS-D outperforms other distributed schemes and achieves an asymptotic performance compared with centralized scheme in terms of data aggregation delay.