Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A cross sectional study to assess the role of socio-economic factors in causing depression among the rural population

Context: Depression is considered to be the significant contributor to the global burden of disease and affects people in all communities across the world. A disorder of major public health importance which leads to decreased productivity and high suicide rates. Therefore, this study was done to know the factors contributing to depression especially among rural population. Aim: To assess the socio-economic factors and their role in causing depression among rural population. Materials and Methods: A cross sectional study was conducted among the rural population residing in the villages of Nelamangala taluk. Sample size was 570. Data was collected using pre-tested, semi-structured and self designed questionnaire. Level of depression was assessed using Centre for Epidemiological studies- Depression scale. Data analysis was done using descriptive statistics and appropriate statistical tests. Results: About 57.9% of the study participants were in the age group of 41-60 years. Majority were males. Almost 46.5% of the study subjects were illiterates. Most of them (47.9%) were from lower middle class family. Conclusion: In this study, we found that various factors such as advancing age, illiteracy, low socio-economic status and marital status, presence of various co-morbid conditions and substance use had a significant association in causing depression. Keywords: Socio-economic factors, Depression, Illiteracy, Co-morbid conditions.
Prognostic value of nitric oxide in pediatric septic shock

Background Nitric oxide (NO) play a key role in the pathogenesis of septic shock. Nitrit oxide metabolite is reported as a good predictor for shock although its role as mortality predictor in sepsis still controversial. Objective To assess the serum nitric oxide (NO) levels and outcomes in pediatric patients with septic shock. Methods We conducted a prospective cohort study from January 2013 to April 2014 in Pediatric Intensive Care Unit (PICU) Prof. Dr. R. D. Kandou Hospital, Manado. Subjects were patients aged 1 month-12 years diagnosed with septic shock. We measured initial serum NO and observed its outcomes in all subjects. Results A total of 37 patients with septic shock met the study criteria. Nineteen children were male (51.4%). Seventeen subjects died and 20 subjects survived. The mean age of subjects with septic shock was 37.3 (SD 14.2) months. The mean serum NO level was significantly higher in the group who died [33.2 μM; 95% CI 23.6 to 42.7] than in the group who survived [13.8 μM; 95%CI 11.6 to 15.9] (P<0.01). The serum NO cut-off point for predicting mortality was 16.15 µM. For NO levels of more than 16.15 µM, the positive predictive value was 72.2% and negative predictive value was 78.9% (OR 9.750; 95%CI 2.154 to 44.138). Conclusion In pediatric patients with septic shock, serum NO levels are significantly higher in those who died than in those who survived. Serum nitric oxide level can be used to predict outcomes of patients with septic shock.
Study on Countermeasures to Stimulate and Protect Entrepreneurship: Taking Fujian as an Example*

Outstanding entrepreneurs play an important role in economic and social development. As China's economic development has entered a new era, a high-quality development model calls for entrepreneurship. As a group with unique spiritual connotation among Chinese entrepreneurs, Fujian merchants with marine cultural genes are famous for their spirit of "only if you fight hard can you win". However, in recent years a series of famous enterprises in Fujian fell, which is worth reflecting. This paper summarizes the concept and connotation of entrepreneurship, argues the current spiritual deficiency of entrepreneurs in Fujian through specific case studies, and proposes countermeasures based on the policies of various regions in China, and hopes to further protect and stimulates the spirit of entrepreneurs in Fujian. Keywords—entrepreneurship; Fujian; countermeasures
Modulación de SOX2 mediante la inhibición de mTOR y su implicación en quimiorresistencia y células madre del cáncer en glioblastoma multiforme

SOX2 es un factor de transcripcion ampliamente expresado en el Glioblastoma Multiforme (GBM) y que regula la actividad de las celulas madre de glioma (GSC). Se desconoce exactamente cual es su papel en estas celulas, y su implicacion en el tratamiento del GBM. Tras el estudio de muestras humanas de este tipo de tumor y ensayos de modificacion genica de lineas celulares de glioma pudimos identificar que SOX2 presentaba una correlacion en su expresion con el factor SOX9, ademas de que modulaba las caracteristicas oncogenicas de las celulas de glioma. Adicionalmente, comprobamos tambien que altos niveles de SOX2 conferia a las celulas quimiorresistencia frente al tratamiento quimioterapico para el GBM, la temozolomida (TMZ), mientras que bajos niveles de este factor favorecian una mayor sensibilidad al tratamiento. Con la finalidad de reducir los niveles de SOX2 se testaron dos farmacos, de los cuales se comprobo que la rapamicina, cuya diana es mTOR, disminuia los niveles de SOX2. Este hecho correlacionaba con una mejor sensibilizacion de celulas con niveles altos de SOX2 al tratamiento.
Value of renal resistance index in detection of diabetes mellitus complications in Egyptian elderly

Aim: determination of the value of renal resistance index in detection of diabetic nephropathy in elderly Egyptian. Methods: This study was a case-control comparative study between non nephropathic patients, nonproteinuricnephropathics and proteinuric nephropathic diabetic patients. 130 elderly diabetic patients were serially selected from Ain Shams University hospital inpatient’s wards of geriatric and internal medicine departments; males/ females, 60 - 75 years old, with primary diabetes mellitus, diagnosed within the last 10 years. Any patient with known kidney disease, urinary tract infection, hepatitis C using drugs affecting kidney functions were excluded. All patients were subjected to clinical assessment and laboratory investigation, Estimation of glomerular filtration rate by Cockroft-Gault equation , Framingham 10 year coronary risk prediction by LDL tool, Renal duplex to estimate renal resistance index. Results: Results revealed that patients with nonproteinuric diabetic nephropathy were significantly younger than patients with proteinuria. After adjusting weight, age, SABP, type of antihypertensive used (ACEi/ARB) and comparing to participants with eGFR>60, there was a statistically significant inverse relationship between RRI and weight adjusted eGFR with p value <0.001. Conclusion: Renal resistance index was inversely correlated with glomerular filtration rate after adjusting ideal body weight.
Interactive Effects of Aerobic Exercise and Music on Electrical Activity of the Heart in Non-Athletic Men

Background: The effect of exercises on the heart has been widely studied. Music can stimulate emotions as well as changes in cardiac activity. Objectives: The present research aimed to investigate the effect of aerobic training and music on the electrical activity of the heart in non-athletic men. Methods: A total of 32 non-athletic men were selected and divided into four groups (n = 8) including; (1) aerobic exercises, (2) music without aerobic exercises, (3) aerobic exercise with music, and (4) control subjects. Groups 1 and 3 only performed aerobic exercises for eight weeks, groups 2 and 3 listened to music for eight weeks, and group 4 only had their daily activities during this period. At the beginning of the study and at the end of the eighth week, the subjects’ electrocardiogram (ECG) was measured. To analyze the findings, paired sample t-test and two-way ANOVA were used at a significance level of 0.05. Results: Aerobic training had a significant effect on QRS wave increase (P ≤ 0.05). Music had a significant effect on heart rate (HR) reduction and QRS wave enhancement (P≤0.05). Aerobic exercise along with music had significant interactive effects on HR reduction and QRS wave enhancement (P ≤ 0.05). However, aerobic training had no significant effect on HR (P ≥ 0.05). Aerobic exercise and music had a significant effect on PQ interval, QT interval, QTc, and P wave (P ≥ 0.05). Furthermore, aerobic exercise with music had no interactive effects on PQ interval, QT interval, QTc, and P wave (P ≥ 0.05). Conclusions: According to the results of the study, aerobic exercise with music can help improve some cardiac parameters of nonathletic men.
Reduced magnetization curves of Ising nanoparticles with high critical temperature

ABSTRACT The magnetic properties (phase diagram, the thermal variations of magnetization and the reduced magnetization curve) in graphene-like Ising nanoparticles are examined by the effective-field theory with correlations. The effects of surface exchange interaction JS on the magnetic properties are discussed. When JS is larger than the critical value JSC, a nanoparticle with high critical temperature is possible. The value of JSC depends on the shape and the degree of structural packing of the nanoparticle. It is found that there exist two types of reduced magnetization curves for a nanoparticle with JS > JSC.
Cascaded Channel Estimation Technique for Massive MIMO Relay System

This paper concerns with the cascaded channel estimation of massive multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) relay system. In order to meet the increasing demands for high-speed wireless communication networks, massive MIMO has been recognized as one of the key technologies for the future fifth generation (5G) cellular networks. It is an advanced MIMO technique consists of a very large number of antennas at the base station and serves a smaller number of single-antenna users simultaneously. Basically, the idea of massive MIMO technique is to harvest all the advantages of conventional MIMO system in a much larger scale. To reap the benefits of massive MIMO in practice, an accurate estimation of the channel state information (CSI) is needed. In this paper, the relaying technique has been incorporated with massive MIMO system in order to increase system throughput and improve the coverage in cell-edge users. A relay node is placed in between transmitter and receiver to reduce the path loss and improve the spectral efficiency of massive MIMO system. Cascaded channel estimation technique for massive MIMO relay system is developed in this paper. The mean squared error (MSE) of the cascaded channel estimation for massive MIMO relay sytem is optimized to obtain accurate CSI.
An Analysis of Injustice as Dimension of Poverty in the Pakistan’s Perspective

Pakistan's Vision 2025 demonstrates to improve the economic growth and eradicate poverty. It is observed from literature that poverty has different dimensions, it cannot be limited to monetary deprivation but it should have extended to all its possible dimensions. In order to eradicate the poverty, it should be clearly defined in all aspects. In literature poverty is pronounced as multi-dimensional phenomenon, and also measured in different dimensions like health, education, living standard, and social and political aspects. In presence and discussion of these poverty dimensions, there is one important dimension of poverty which is commonly perceived but not yet discussed in literature. This missing aspect of poverty is lack of justice or injustice in society, this concept is so important that it is the root cause of all other problems. The objective of this research is highlight the judicial statistics in Pakistan, and to suggest that injustice also is dimension of poverty. For the comparison and elaborate the need of focusing on judicial problems, the secondary data obtained from the survey of more than 46000 people in 45 countries. It is observed that 80 to 89 percent of peoples involved in judicial process belong to top five countries; Pakistan is at second position among the selected 45 countries. Statistics show that 85% people in Pakistan involved in litigation process, this is alarming position in current scenario, and require much attention from policy makers and Government toward judicial sector. Public trust on Government institution shows the trust of people on their government, but this indicator is also poor in Pakistan, only 14 percent people use government institutes as 3 rd party in their disputes resolution. Justice should be quick in society, Pakistan is lowest in this ranking, and 67% of registered complaints are under litigation process. Here the underpinning question has been answered that either the injustice is the cause of poverty or poverty creates injustice. So it is concluded that to eliminate the poverty, it is prior condition to define the poverty in all its dimensions, access to justice is the fundamental right of people living in society, and is also the root cause of many other problems, so it should be included as the part of poverty when to define the poverty. A problem can only be solved, when it is defined in proper and complete essence. Keywords: Poverty, Multi-Dimensional, Access to Justice DOI : 10.7176/JPID/51-02 Publication date: November 30 th 2019
A Comparative Survey on Silicon Based and Surface Acoustic Wave (SAW)-Based RFID Tags: Potentials, Challenges, and Future Directions

Many Automatic Identification (Auto–ID) technologies such as bar codes, magnetic stripes, Optical Character Recognition (OCR) and Electronic Article Surveillance (EAS) security tags are in existence. However, they are limited by a variety of constraints on them such as limited object rate of scan, need for Line-of-Sight (LOS) operation, very small interrogation range and poor accuracy in complex environments. Research has accordingly grown rapidly in recent years into the development of robust identification or tracking mechanisms. Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) technology using readers and RFID tags, whether passive, semi-passive or active in nature, has been deemed to be a promising candidate. Silicon based IC tags are quite popular. However, some alternative RFID technologies have also been on the rise. In particular, another special type of tag based on Surface Acoustic Wave (SAW) design also has a great potential for deployment in future identification fields due to its ruggedness against harsh conditions, metallic environments, interference, small and low cost and is being thoroughly reviewed, which is ignored in other survey papers. While other chipless RFID systems based on conductive ink, ink-tattoo and others do exist, negative aspects such as inability to survive in extreme weather, larger tag size and limited data storage capacity have severely impacted the penetration of such tags in the RFID market. Therefore, the scope of this survey article does not include chipless RFID tags. This article instead provides a comparative survey of silicon based IC and SAW based tags, which has attracted much attention from both academia and industry. The underlying characteristics, principles, advantages, and limitations of such tags are thoroughly discussed, and relevant research work followed by frequency of operation and other parameters are elaborated. This article undertakes a thorough investigation into the evolution of RFID technology and comparison into the current trend in silicon based IC and SAW based RFID tags and provides a comparison across many metrics, such as read range, tag size, tag power, availability of tag power, lifespan and more importantly, cost and security. It discusses active and passive tags under silicon based IC and SAW technology. Finally, the article reviews recent advances and provides potentials, open challenges and future research directions in such RFID tags.
Design and testing of a monolithic compliant constant force mechanism

This paper reports the design of a monolithic long-stroke constant force compliant mechanism (CM). The device is suitable for applications requiring a predefined force magnitude at the contact interface, such as manipulation systems. Starting from a compliant slider-crank mechanism providing a constant force within a rather limited deflection range, the paper describes the shape optimization carried out with the aim of extending the CM available stroke. In the first design step, the pseudo-rigid body (PRB) method is used to synthesize a sub-optimal lumped compliance solution. Secondly, two improved beam-based alternatives are evaluated by means of an integrated software framework, comprising Matlab and ANSYS. These new embodiments make use of a variable thickness beam, whose shape and dimensions have been optimized so as to provide a constant reaction force in an extended range. In particular, straight and spline segments are respectively used for the first and second prototype. With reference to the lumped compliance configuration, the available stroke has been increased of amounts equalling to 467% in the straight segments version (namely, from 3 mm to 14 mm) and to 833% in the spline segments version (namely, from 3 mm to 25 mm). All the predicted behaviors have been validated via physical experiments on 3D printed specimens. The proposed multi-step design flow may also be applied to a large variety of CMs, starting from their PRB model.
Retrospective Network Imputation from Life History Data: The Impact of Designs

Retrospective life history designs are among the few practical approaches for collecting longitudinal network information from large populations, particularly in the context of relationships like sexual partnerships that cannot be measured via digital traces or documentary evidence. While all such designs afford the ability to “peer into the past” vis-à-vis the point of data collection, little is known about the impact of the specific design parameters on the time horizon over which such information is useful. In this article, we investigate the effect of two different survey designs on retrospective network imputation: (1) intervalN, where subjects are asked to provide information on all partners within the past N time units; and (2) lastK, where subjects are asked to provide information about their K most recent partners. We simulate a “ground truth” sexual partnership network using a published model of Krivitsky (2012), and we then sample this data using the two retrospective designs under various choices of N and K . We examine the accumulation of missingness as a function of time prior to interview, and we investigate the impact of this missingness on model-based imputation of the state of the network at prior time points via conditional ERGM prediction. We quantitatively show that—even setting aside problems of alter identification and informant accuracy—choice of survey design and parameters used can drastically change the amount of missingness in the dataset. These differences in missingness have a large impact on the quality of retrospective parameter estimation and network imputation, including important effects on properties related to disease transmission.
Anchoring Free Indirect Discourse and Viewpoint Shifting

This paper reports the results of four experiments that investigated how readers determine the anchor for free reports in narratives, i.e. descriptions of someone’s perceptions (Viewpoint Shifting) or thoughts (Free Indirect Discourse) that can be ascribed to the narrator or to a character. Readers tended to ascribe free reports to the locally prominent character, i.e. the one that was mentioned as the experiencer in the preceding sentence. Additionally, readers chose that character more strongly in third-person narratives compared to first-person ones. In first-person stories with a locally prominent narrator, a strong preference for the narrator was found instead. In third-person stories with two experiencers, free thought reports were more likely to trigger nonspeaker-oriented readings, compared to perception reports. These results provide further empirical evidence about the environments that favour speaker- and non-speaker-oriented interpretations in narrative discourse.
Design Guidelines of Inductive Coils Using a Polymer Bonded Magnetic Composite for Inductive Power Transfer Systems in Electric Vehicles

This article studies design guidelines to optimize the inductive coils for electric vehicles by replacing the standard compact ferrite core with a compound of polymers, nanoparticles, and tile-links of ferrite and by reviewing different aspects of the winding to improve mechanical behavior and efficiency. A system composed of the studied vehicle assembly and ground assembly from the society of automotive engineers’ recommended practice is defined. Fast three-dimensional (3-D) finite element simulations are performed by evaluating different geometric aspects of the vehicle assembly. In doing so, the variation of coupling factor and inductance related to the geometry can be observed and compared in order to analyze the performance when the amount of compact ferrite is reduced. The polymer bonded magnetic is, then, incorporated to improve the decreased magnetic behavior due to the reduction in ferrite. In previous works, the modeling of the litz-wire and polymer bonded magnetic were developed to accelerate the simulations. In this article, we include the modeling of the compact ferrite tile-links to further reduce the time consumption of these simulations. Moreover, simple two-dimensional simulations are described to study the windings’ parasitic capacitances. The design guidelines, based on fast 3-D simulations, are detailed and validated with particular prototypes.
The Dilemma of Diagnosing Type-2 Diabetes Mellitus [T2DM] in Overweight Children and Adolescents

American Diabetes Association [ADA] has recommended that diabetes should be diagnosed when HbA 1c is ≥6.5%. Subjects with HbA 1c of 6.0 to < 6.5% were at the highest-risk for developing diabetes. Objectives: To determine the sensitivity and specificity of HbA 1c ≥ 6.5% to diagnose Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus [T2DM] in overweight children and the adolescents as compared to an oral glucose tolerance test. Retrospective chart review was done from January 2004-December 2008, and search criteria included overweight children who had OGTT and HbA 1c done. Based on OGGT we divided the data into normal, impaired and diabetic groups. The results shows that HbA 1c cut-off of ≥ 6.5% had a specificity of 96% and a sensitivity of 40% in accurately diagnosing patients with T2DM. Sixty percent of T2DM and 44.60% of impaired OGTT subjects would show a normal glycemic status if only HbA 1c is used to diagnose them. Homeostasis Model of Assessment - Insulin Resistance [HOMA-IR], Quantitative Insulin Sensitivity Check Index [QUICKI] and HbA 1c levels were statistically significant between normal versus diabetic and normal versus impaired groups [p<0.05]. Due to the low sensitivity of the HbA 1c test in diagnosing diabetes, it may result in missed or delayed diagnosis of T2DM if used exclusively to diagnose diabetes.