Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Reptile Envenomation 20-year Mortality as Reported by US Medical Examiners

Objectives: Accurate reptile envenomation mortality data for the United States is unavailable. Using data from the National Vital Statistics System (NVSS), deaths from 1979 through 1998 were analyzed. Methods: Records of deaths from reptile envenomation were selected using matches to code E905.0 of the International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision. Data for the US population was taken from the 2000 US census estimates. Results: The National Vital Statistics System identified 97 deaths from venomous reptile bites that occurred during the study period. Texas (n = 17), Florida (n = 14), and Georgia (n = 12) reported the most fatalities (44% of fatalities, 16% of 2000 US population). No deaths were reported from 24 states or the District of Columbia. Of the 97 decedents, 88 (91%) were white and 7 (7%) were black. One male and one female were categorized as “other” race. White males had the highest incidence of death by reptile envenomation, accounting for 76% of all fatalities, while comprising only 41% of the US population. Accounting for 19 of the 97 fatalities, males 25 to 34 years old had the most deaths (19.6% of deaths, but 7.1% of the 2000 US population). Conclusions: From 1979 through 1998, less than 100 deaths by venomous reptile bite were reported nationwide. White male Southerners appear to be at greatest risk. This finding of a specific high-risk population may require further investigation and public health intervention.
A Fourier State Space Model for Bayesian ODE Filters

Gaussian ODE filtering is a probabilistic numerical method to solve ordinary differential equations (ODEs). It computes a Bayesian posterior over the solution from evaluations of the vector field defining the ODE. Its most popular version, which employs an integrated Brownian motion prior, uses Taylor expansions of the mean to extrapolate forward and has the same convergence rates as classical numerical methods. As the solution of many important ODEs are periodic functions (oscillators), we raise the question whether Fourier expansions can also be brought to bear within the framework of Gaussian ODE filtering. To this end, we construct a Fourier state space model for ODEs and a `hybrid' model that combines a Taylor (Brownian motion) and Fourier state space model. We show by experiments how the hybrid model might become useful in cheaply predicting until the end of the time domain.
Use of propranolol for treatment of infantile haemangiomas in an outpatient setting

Introduction: Propranolol has recently emerged as an effective drug treatment for infantile haemangiomas. The side effect profile of the drug and the safety of administering propranolol in outpatient settings in this age group remain uncertain. We report our experience with 200 infants and children prescribed propranolol to treat infantile haemangiomas, including 37 patients considered to have a poor response to treatment.
Masked word repetition results in increased fMRI signal: a framework for understanding signal changes in priming

Evidence from multiple paradigms has converged on the finding that stimulus repetition most often results in decreases in neural activity. The mechanisms of these decreases, however, are not yet well understood. The current study attempted to determine, through the use of masked word repetition priming, whether decreases in activity levels occur in response to pre- or post-prime identification processes. fMRI was performed while participants engaged in a lexical decision task where words were primed with a briefly presented and masked word. Masked word priming resulted in increased fMRI signal in regions of cortex associated with the perceptual identification of the target words. This finding provides evidence suggesting that the impact of repetition priming on the fMRI signal may depend upon whether or not the prime is identified.
Robust control of decoupled 4-leg voltage inverters

This article proposed the robust control method for the decoupled four-leg voltage-source inverters in order to overcome the uncertainties of the system. Four-leg inverters are capable to deal with unbalanced load in a standalone photovoltaic power supply system and adopted in many applications such as UPS systems and satellite Erath stations. Most of the studies in four-leg inverters control neglected the coupling in the power stage of the system. However, in this study, the coupling is considered. And the goal is to design a robust controller based on the decouple model of the four-leg inverters. In order to regulate the transient response of the system in uncertain cases, a robust H-infinity controller is designed and applied to a four-leg inverter. The robust performance, robust stability and disturbance attenuation on process input are investigated. The proposed strategy is evaluated by simulation. Simulation results illustrate the effect of the H-infinity method in improving the time-domain performance of the four-leg inverter systems.
GABAergic Neurons of the Medial Septum Lead the Hippocampal Network during Theta Activity

Information processing in the hippocampus critically relies on its reciprocal interaction with the medial septum (MS). Synchronization of the septo-hippocampal system was demonstrated during both major hippocampal activity states, the regular theta rhythm and the large amplitude irregular activity. Previous experimental and modeling data suggest that the MS provides rhythmic drive to the hippocampus, and hippocampo-septal feedback synchronizes septal pacemaker units. However, this view has recently been questioned based on the possibility of intrahippocampal theta genesis. Previously, we identified putative pacemaker neurons expressing parvalbumin (PV) and/or the pacemaker hyperpolarization-activated and cyclic nucleotide-gated nonselective cation channel (HCN) in the MS. In this study, by analyzing the temporal relationship of activity between the PV/HCN-containing medial septal neurons and hippocampal local field potential, we aimed to uncover whether the sequence of events during theta formation supports the classic view of septal drive or the challenging theory of hippocampal pacing of theta. Importantly, by implementing a circular statistical method, a temporal lead of these septal neurons over the hippocampus was observed on the course of theta synchronization. Moreover, the activity of putative hippocampal interneurons also preceded hippocampal local field theta, but by a shorter time period compared with PV/HCN-containing septal neurons. Using the concept of mutual information, the action potential series of PV/HCN-containing neurons shared higher amount of information with hippocampal field oscillation than PV/HCN-immunonegative cells. Thus, a pacemaker neuron population of the MS leads hippocampal activity, presumably via the synchronization of hippocampal interneurons.
Modelo Hoss de Avaliação de Ativos Intangíveis

O tema do presente artigo sao os Ativos Intangiveis. Apresenta-se o Modelo Hoss de Avaliacao de Ativos Intangiveis que basea-se em quatro quadrantes: humano, processos, estrutural e ambiental, com recomendacao de observacao destes, sob o foco passado-presente e presente-futuro. Recomendou-se tambem que fossem avaliados, levandose em conta duas perspectivas: interna e externa. As conclusoes apontaram que algumas metodologias e modelos internacionais sao falhas pelo fato de basearem-se em duas premissas falsas: que o valor contabil reflete o valor economico da empresa e que o valor de mercado esteja correto. Constatou-se que o ponto fundamental em processos de avaliacao de empresas e o da avaliacao do ativos intangiveis.
Giant and illusionary giant Goodstein principles.

We analyze several natural Goodstein principles which themselves are defined with respect to the Ackermann function and the extended Ackermann function. These Ackermann functions are well established canonical fast growing functions labeled by ordinals not exceeding $\varepsilon_0$. Among the Goodsteinprinciples under consideration, the giant ones, will be proof-theoretically strong (being unprovable in $\mathrm{PA}$ in the Ackermannian case and being unprovable in $\mathrm{ID}_1$ in the extended Ackermannian case) whereas others, the illusionary giant ones, will turn out to be comparatively much much weaker although they look strong at first sight.
Evidence that the apolipoprotein E-genotype effects on lipid levels can change with age in males: a longitudinal analysis.

We previously reported that change, with age, in plasma levels of total cholesterol (TC) and LDL cholesterol (LDL-C) differed between apolipoprotein E (APOE) genotypes epsilon 3 epsilon 3 and epsilon 3 epsilon 4, in a sample of 77 older, unrelated males. By use of a larger sample from that cohort, followed longitudinally during 1969-87, the change in TC and in LDL-C, between the epsilon 3 epsilon 3 and epsilon 3 epsilon 4 APOE genotypes, over three exams, was reanalyzed. Additionally, the change in triglycerides (TG) and in HDL-cholesterol (HDL-C), between the epsilon 3 epsilon 3 and epsilon 3 epsilon 4 APOE genotypes-as well as the differences between the epsilon 3 epsilon 3 and epsilon 3 epsilon 2 genotypes, for TC, LDL-C, TG, and HDL-C-were contrasted over the three exams. At exam 1 TG was higher in the epsilon 3 epsilon 4 group than in the epsilon 3 epsilon 3 group (mean age 48 years), and at exams 2 and exam 3 (mean ages 58 and 63 years, respectively) it was similar (P = .009 for the exam-by-genotype-interaction effect in the repeated-measures analysis). A similar trend was seen for TC (P = .03), yet previously detected LDL-C effects were not apparent (P = .46). Those with the epsilon 3 epsilon 2 genotype had higher TG and lower LDL-C and TC at each exam than were seen in those with the epsilon 3 epsilon 3 genotype, although the differences in the values were not always statistically significant. Differences in TC, LDL-C, and TG, between the epsilon 3 epsilon 2-genotype and epsilon 3 epsilon 3-genotype groups, did not significantly change over the three exams. HDL-C levels were relatively stable over the exams; however, the exam-by-genotype interaction was significant for the epsilon 3 epsilon 2 genotype versus the epsilon 3 epsilon 3 genotype (P = .02). The epsilon 4 allele effects on TG and TC changed between longitudinal exams and may be age dependent. Changes, with age, in the effect of the epsilon 3 epsilon 4 genotype on lipids may impact the risk of developing atherosclerotic disease.
Renal nerves and experimental hypertension: evidence and controversy.

Noradrenergic fibers innervate various parts of the nephron and can contribute to sodium and water homeostasis by influencing hemodynamic variables, tubular reabsorptive mechanisms, and renin release. As renal function is considered to be a primary determinant of arterial pressure, efferent renal nerves may be an important link between the central nervous system and the kidney in the development and maintenance of hypertension. Little is known about the relative importance of renal nerves and their interactions with other factors in influencing renal function chronically. There is disagreement about the evidence for enhanced noradrenergic drive to the kidney in hypertensive rats, as the renal nerve firing rate, neurotransmitter release and metabolism, and receptor properties are generally not studied in association with measurements of renal function. However, chronic renal denervation has been shown to significantly affect arterial pressure in diverse forms of experimental hypertension in rats, including genetic models, as well as renovascular, mineralocorticoid, neurogenic, and angiotensin II hypertension. The actual mechanisms responsible for this effect of renal denervation are not clear, but presumably reflect changes in the arterial pressure-urinary sodium output relationship. On the whole, there is reasonable correlation between neurophysiological, biochemical, and renal denervation studies in the spontaneously hypertensive rat, suggesting that renal nerves do play a role in the onset of hypertension in these animals. The effect of renal denervation in other models of hypertension seems less clear, with recent reports showing that renal denervation does not alter the hypertensive process in renovascular, mineralocorticoid, and salt-related hypertension. (ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Utility-based interference management for full-duplex multicell networks

This paper develops power allocation schemes to manage the signal interference in a multiuser multicell network, where full-duplex transceivers are implemented at all base stations (BSs) and user equipment units (UEs). Beside the acute intracell and intercell interferences, the significant residual self-interference at the full-duplex receivers is the limiting factor for any network performance enhancement. To help control such severe interferences, we propose to associate each bidirectional full-duplex link with a net utility function, which consists of a utility and a flexible price. While the utility corresponds to the link throughput, the proposed logarithmic cost function allows for a moderate penalty. Our aim is to maximize the sum network utility subject to the power constraints at the BSs and UEs. To solve the highly nonconvex problem formulation, we propose two successive convex approximation (SCA) algorithms based on the difference-of-convex-functions programming and the geometric programming. In each algorithm, we specifically tailor the generic SCA framework and transform our formulated nonconvex problem into a sequence of convex power allocation programs. We prove that the developed iterative algorithms converge to locally optimal solutions that satisfy the Karush-Kuhn-Tucker conditions of the original problem. Numerical results confirm that our utility-based solutions markedly improve the network throughput by effectively managing the interferences.
A bio-inspired authentication approach to colour image transmitted on open non-secure public network

With the increasingly use of open non-secure public network, digital images transmission on internet becomes more popular. Image authentication techniques have gained great attention due to its importance for data integrity of multimedia applications. A new digital signature approach to content-based colour image authentication based on a triple-channel spiking cortical model (TSCM) is introduced in the paper, which is inspired by the working principle of mammalian visual cortex neuron model. In this approach, we use digital signatures produced by TSCM as colour image authentication information. Some juggled images failed to authenticate by using local histogram method or local mean intensity method can be authenticate correctly by this approach, because the signature of TSCM includes not only the intensities or colour information but also the geometry structures or colour distributions of the colour images. Experiment results show that this approach can not only check the validity and the completeness of the colour image, but also locate the juggled areas in the tampered image.
Developmental impact of a familial GABAA receptor epilepsy mutation

A major goal of epilepsy research is to understand the molecular and functional basis of seizure genesis. A human GABAA γ2 gene mutation (R43Q) is associated with generalized epilepsy. Introduction of this mutation into a mouse by gene targeting recapitulates the human phenotype demonstrating a strong genotype to phenotype link. GABAA receptors play a role in the moment‐to‐moment control of brain function and also on the long‐term wiring of the brain by directing neuronal development. Our objective was to determine whether developmental expression of the mutation alters seizure susceptibility later in life.
Upregulated lncRNA-PCAT1 is closely related to clinical diagnosis of multiple myeloma as a predictive biomarker in serum.

OBJECTIVE The purpose of this study was to explore serum PCAT-1 expression in multiple myeloma (MM) and examine the potential usefulness of this molecule as a biomarker for diagnosis in MM. METHODS Serum samples were collected from 60 newly diagnosed untreated MM patients, and 48 healthy controls. Serum PCAT-1 expression levels were detected by RT-qPCR. In addition, correlations between the relative expression of serum PCAT-1 and the concentrations of lactic acid dehydrogenase (LDH), β2M, λ light chain and κ light chain were assessed. RESULTS It was found that the relative expression of serum PCAT-1 in MM patients (81.02 ± 136.9) was higher than that in healthy controls (3.17 ± 5.75) (U= 307.0, P< 0.0001) and was significantly correlated with β2M concentration (r= 0.461, P= 0.0002), but not with LDH, κ light and λ light chain concentration (r= 0.061, P= 0.641; r= 0.007, P= 0.956; r=-0.090, P= 0.499 respectively). Additionally, it was significantly correlated with different isotype of MM (H= 7.464, P= 0.024). The AUC of the ROC curve of serum PCAT-1 was 0.892 (95% CI 0.833-0.950), which was higher than other markers. Combining PCAT-1 and β2M together, the sensitivity was highest compared with other markers alone, or combined. CONCLUSION The expression levels of serum PCAT-1 in MM patients were significantly higher than that in healthy controls, suggesting that it may be useful in the auxiliary diagnosis of MM.
Cómo afrontar mejor las pérdidas en cuidados paliativos

espanolLas crisis son parte de la vida. Para afrontar una perdida es necesario crear un espacio para la renovacion realista que pase por el reconocimiento del problema y de nuestras propias fuerzas. Solo cuando las expectativas acerca de nosotros mismos y de los demas se acerquen a la realidad, nos desilusionaremos con menos facilidad y quedaremos mas satisfechos. Necesitamos aceptarnos tal como somos, sujetos perfectibles que podemos mejorar con la adquisicion de buenos habitos como el humor para tomarnos menos en serio algunas de nuestras cosas, la aceptacion de la ayuda de otros para evitar el aislamiento y el cultivo de una red social de apoyo, porque los indices de enfermedad aumentan cuando el hombre se ve privado de la compania de sus familiares y amigos. Los que han pasado por una crisis, particularmente por un duelo, ven la vida de otra forma, sienten que deben procurar vivir el presente de la mejor manera posible, cultivar la amistad y los afectos porque en la afliccion estos no solo previenen y amortiguan su impacto, sino que son su principal tratamiento. EnglishCrisis is a part of life. When facing the loss of a loved one, it is necessary to create time for a realistic renewal through the recognition of the problem and of our own strengths. We are not as easily disappointed and improve our satisfaction when our expectations of ourselves and others are ciose to reality. We need to accept ourselves as we are: individuais that may improve with the acquisition of good habits such as humour, avoiding isolation, accepting the help of others and cultivating a web of social support. The incidence of sickness increases when a person sees himself deprived of the company of his family and friends. All crisis survivors see life in another way and learn to live in the present as much as possible, and to improve their relationships and care for their relatives and loved ones, because in times of grief, not only are these ties the main way to prevention but also they reduce its impact and treat/cure the loss.
Impact of ambient light and window settings on the detectability of catheters on soft-copy display of chest radiographs at bedside.

OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to evaluate how ambient light and interactive adjustment of density and contrast affect the detection of catheter fragments when interpreting bedside chest radiographs on soft-copy displays. MATERIALS AND METHODS A total of 131 catheter fragments were superimposed over 10 bedside chest radiographs obtained with storage phosphor technology. Images were displayed on a clinical intensive care unit viewing station (color cathode-ray tube monitor, 21 inch [53 cm], 1280 x 1024 matrix) and were independently evaluated by five radiologists. The number of catheter fragments per image varied between 12 and 14, with an approximately equal distribution in high- and low-absorption areas. Detectability of catheter fragments was assessed under subdued and bright ambient light conditions with and without interactive adjustment of window width and level. RESULTS Under subdued light, the detection rate of catheter fragments was significantly higher than under bright light (51.8% vs 56.6%, p < 0.05). Interactive window setting adjustment significantly increased the detection rate from 52.5% to 60.8% (p < 0.05) under subdued light and from 47.9% to 55.6% (p < 0.05) under bright light. With adjustment of window settings, the difference between the detection rates under subdued light (60.8%) and under bright light (55.6%) did not reach statistical significance. CONCLUSION Detection of catheters on soft-copy display is significantly decreased by bright ambient light, an effect that can be largely compensated for by means of interactive adjustment of window settings.
Top-down versus bottom-up forcing: evidence from mountain lions and mule deer

Abstract We studied mountain lions (Puma concolor) and mule deer (Odocoileus hemionus) inhabiting a Great Basin ecosystem in Round Valley, California, to make inferences concerning predator–prey dynamics. Our purpose was to evaluate the relative role of top-down and bottom-up forcing on mule deer in this multiple-predator, multiple-prey system. We identified a period of decline (by 83%) of mule deer (1984–1990), and then a period of slow but steady increase (1991–1998). For mule deer, bitterbrush (Purshia tridentata) in diets, per capita availability of bitterbrush, kidney fat indexes, fetal rates (young per adult female), fetal weights, and survivorship of adults and young indicated that the period of decline was typical of a deer population near or above the carrying capacity (K) of its environment. Numbers of mountain lions also declined, but with a long time lag. The period of increase was typified by deer displaying life-history characteristics of a population below K, yet the finite rate of growth (λ = 1.10) remained below what would be expected for a population rebounding rapidly toward K (λ = 1.15–1.21) in the absence of limiting factors. Life-history characteristics were consistent with the mule deer population being regulated by bottom-up forcing through environmental effects on forage availability relative to population density; however, predation, mostly by mountain lions, was likely additive during the period of increase and thus, top-down forcing slowed but did not prevent population growth of mule deer. These outcomes indicate that resource availability (bottom-up processes) has an ever-present effect on dynamics of herbivore populations, but that the relationship can be altered by top-down effects. Indeed, top-down and bottom-up forces can act on populations simultaneously and, thus, should not be viewed as a stark dichotomy.
In Vitro and in Vivo Comparison of Single‐Donor Platelets and Multiple‐Donor Pooled Platelets Transfusions in Leukemic Patients

In vitro and in vivo studies were done to evaluate efficacy of fresh, single donor platelets (SDP) obtained by Latham‐bowl plateletpheresis and multiple donor, pooled platelets (MDPP) obtained by conventional centrifugation for transfusion of leukemic patients. Results indicate increased effectiveness, both in vitro and in vivo, of single donor platelets as compared to multiple donor pooled platelets.
Source location bias in the coherently focused high-resolution broad-band beamformer

A simple expression for the source located (angle of arrival) bias is developed for H. Wang and M. Kaveh's (ibid., vol.33, no.4, p. 823-31, 1985) focused broadband beamformer. It is shown to depend on the source temporal frequency spectrum only through its centroidal frequency. The bias is zero if the angle of arrival is aligned with the primary steering angle (i.e. focusing angle), or, more interestingly, if the source centroidal frequency equals the focusing frequency. >