Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Cirugía del desprendimiento de retina regmatógeno mediante vitrectomía transescleral sin sutura con sistema 25-G

espanolObjetivo: Evaluar la utilidad de la vitrectomia transescleral sin sutura (VTS) con sistema 25G como alternativa en la cirugia del desprendimiento de retina regmatogeno (DRR). Material y metodos: Se han revisado las historias clinicas de los pacientes intervenidos de DRR mediante VTS con sistema 25G y se han recogido los siguientes datos: edad, estado del cristalino, localizacion y extension del desprendimiento, tecnica quirurgica empleada y evolucion postoperatoria. Resultados: Se han intervenido 22 ojos de 22 pacientes mediante VTS con sistema 25G. La edad media de los pacientes fue de 54,3 anos. El 50% del los ojos eran faquicos. 8 ojos presentaban la macula desprendida en el momento del diagnostico. Se realizo taponamiento con SF6 en 5 y en el resto con aire. La retinopexia del desgarro se realizo con criocoagulacion transescleral en 13, mediante endofotocoagulacion con laser argon en 6, y se utilizaron ambos metodos en 3. El periodo de seguimiento medio fue de 6,8 meses y las principales complicaciones que ocurrieron fueron la aparicion de cataratas en 7 de los 11 ojos faquicos (63,6%) y un nuevo desprendimiento en 4 (18,2%). La PIO al final del periodo de seguimiento fue similar a la previa en todos los casos y la agudeza visual final mejoro en 18 (81,8%). Conclusion: La VTS con sistema 25G es un metodo eficaz en la resolucion de DRR pero que presenta limitaciones como son la necesidad de un periodo de aprendizaje y la alta incidencia de aparicion de cataratas. EnglishPurpose: The evaluation of the trans-scleral sutureless vitrectomy (TSV) efficiency using a 25G system as an alternative in rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RRD) treatment. Methods: Patients treated for RRD with TSV have been reviewed taking into account their age, phakic or pseudophakic state, RRD localization and extension, surgical technique and post-operative resolution. Results: Twenty two eyes of 22 patients have been treated for RRD with TSV. The average age was 54.3 years. 50% of the eyes were phakic. Eight of the detachments were «macula-off» at the time of diagnosis. SF6 was used in 5 cases and air in the remainder. Retinopexia of the breaks was done with trans-scleral cryocoagulation in 13 cases, with laser endophotocoagulation in 6 cases, and with both methods in 3 cases. The average follow-up time was 6.8 months, and the main complications were cataracts in 7 of 11 phakic eyes (63.6%) and a new retinal detachment in 4 eyes (18.2%). The intraocular pressures were similar to those before surgery and in 18 cases (81.8%) the visual acuity was better. Conclusion: TSV is effective in the treatment of RRD but with some limitations like the need for a learning period and a high incidence of cataracts.
Fingerprint Enhancement Using Wavelet Transform Combined With Gabor Filter

The performance of automatic fingerprint identification system (AFIS) is heavily determined by the quality of the input image, thus an effective method to enhance the fingerprint image is essential in such a system. In this paper, we combine the filter-based method, which is mostly used nowadays with wavelet transform to achieve a more reliable and effective approach to fingerprint enhancement. This novel approach consists of five main steps, namely: (1) normalization, (2) decomposition, (3) wavelet coefficient adjustment, (4) Gabor filtering, and (5) reconstruction. Using this new method, a more clear fingerprint image can be obtained, which can distinctly improve the accuracy of the minutiae extraction module and finally achieve a better performance of the entire system. Experiments have been conducted in our study and positive experimental results have been received, which show that the proposed combined method is more effective and robust than other existing methods such as the filter-based and direct gray-level approaches.
Teaching NeuroImages: Huge carotid artery aneurysm in TSC2/PKD1 contiguous gene syndrome

A 1-day-old infant developed heart murmur with tachypnea. Echocardiography showed multiple biventricular cardiac rhabdomyomas (figure, A). Brain sonography showed multiple cerebral cortical tubers (figure, B) and subependymal nodules (figure, D and E), confirming tuberous sclerosis. Bilateral renal cysts were present (figure, C).
A Hybrid and Hierarchical Approach to Aerial Image Registration

This paper proposes a hybrid approach to image registration for inferring the affine transformation that best matches a pair of partially overlapping aerial images. The image registration is formulated as a two-stage hybrid approach combining both phase correlation method (PCME) and optical flow equation (OFE) based estimation algorithm in a coarse-to-fine manner. With PCME applied at the highest level of decomposition, the initial affine parameter model could be first estimated. Subsequently, the OFE-based estimation algorithm is incorporated into the proposed hybrid approach using a multi-resolution mechanism. PCME is characterized by its insensitivity to large geometric transform between images, which can effectively guide the OFE-based registration. For image pairs under salient brightness variations, we propose a nonlinear image representation that emphasizes common intensity information, suppresses the non-common information between an image pair, and is suitable for the proposed coarse-to-fine hierarchical iterative processing. Experimental results demonstrate the accuracy and efficiency of our proposed approach using different types of aerial images.
Validating and comparing stroke prognosis scales

Objective: To compare the prognostic accuracy of various acute stroke prognostic scales using a large, independent, clinical trials dataset. Methods: We directly compared 8 stroke prognostic scales, chosen based on focused literature review (Acute Stroke Registry and Analysis of Lausanne [ASTRAL]; iSCORE; iSCORE-revised; preadmission comorbidities, level of consciousness, age, and neurologic deficit [PLAN]; stroke subtype, Oxfordshire Community Stroke Project, age, and prestroke modified Rankin Scale [mRS] [SOAR]; modified SOAR; Stroke Prognosis Instrument 2 [SPI2]; and Totaled Health Risks in Vascular Events [THRIVE]) using individual patient-level data from a clinical trials archive (Virtual International Stroke Trials Archive [VISTA]). We calculated area under receiver operating characteristic curves (AUROC) for each scale against 90-day outcomes of mRS (dichotomized at mRS >2), Barthel Index (>85), and mortality. We performed 2 complementary analyses: the first limited to patients with complete data for all components of all scales (simultaneous) and the second using as many patients as possible for each individual scale (separate). We compared AUROCs and performed sensitivity analyses substituting extreme outcome values for missing data. Results: In total, 10,777 patients contributed to the analyses. Our simultaneous analyses suggested that ASTRAL had greatest prognostic accuracy for mRS, AUROC 0.78 (95% confidence interval [CI] 0.75–0.82), and SPI2 had poorest AUROC, 0.61 (95% CI 0.57–0.66). Our separate analyses confirmed these results: ASTRAL AUROC 0.79 (95% CI 0.78–0.80 and SPI2 AUROC 0.60 (95% CI 0.59–0.61). On formal comparative testing, there was a significant difference in modified Rankin Scale AUROC between ASTRAL and all other scales. Sensitivity analysis identified no evidence of systematic bias from missing data. Conclusions: Our comparative analyses confirm differences in the prognostic accuracy of stroke scales. However, even the best performing scale had prognostic accuracy that may not be sufficient as a basis for clinical decision-making.
Immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy

Cancer and autoimmunity can be viewed as differing consequences of deranged immune responses. The overexpression of certain molecules could result in development of cancer (failure of the immune system to control tumor cell growth), whereas oversuppression of the same molecules could lead to autoimmunity (failure of the immune system to regulate autoreactive responses). Hence, finely balanced immune surveillance against cancer and autoimmunity is critical.
A New Minimum Spanning Tree-Based Method for Shape Description and Matching Working in Discrete Cosine Space

In this article, a new minimum spanning tree-based method for shape description and matching is proposed. Its properties are checked through the problem of graphical symbols recognition. Recognition invariance in front shift and multi-oriented noisy objects was studied in the context of small and low resolution binary images. The approach seems to have many desirable properties, even if the construction of graphs induces an expensive algorithmic cost. In order to reduce time computing, an alternative solution based on image compression concepts is provided. The recognition is realized in a compact space, namely the Discrete Cosine space. The use of block discrete cosine transform is discussed and justified. The experimental results led on the GREC2003 database show that the proposed method is characterized by a good discrimination power, a real robustness to noise, with an acceptable time computing. The position with a reference approach like Zernike moments is also investigated to measure the relevance of the proposed technique.
Portion Size

Over the past two decades food portion sizes have increased and parallels the increase in waist size of Americans. Because there is confusion of what a portion size is in relation to serving size, it is easy to understand why people consume larger size meals without knowing it. Multiple studies demonstrate individuals instinctively eat what is placed in front of them, even if portion sizes are larger than a normal serving. These study findings may be a contributory factor for the current obesity epidemic. One strategy to combat the battle of the bulge is to implement portion control.
Using a Variable Weighting k-Means Method to Build a Decision Cluster Classification Model

In this paper, a new classification method (ADCC) for high-dimensional data is proposed. In this method, a decision cluster classification (DCC) model consists of a set of disjoint decision clusters, each labeled with a dominant class that determines the class of new objects falling in the cluster. A cluster tree is first generated from a training data set by recursively calling a variable weighting k-means algorithm. Then, the DCC model is extracted from the tree. Various tests including Anderson–Darling test are used to determine the stopping condition of the tree growing. A series of experiments on both synthetic and real data sets have been conducted. Their results show that the new classification method (ADCC) performed better in accuracy and scalability than existing methods like k-NN, decision tree and SVM. ADCC is particularly suitable for large, high-dimensional data with many classes.
GEMC1 is a critical regulator of multiciliated cell differentiation

The generation of multiciliated cells (MCCs) is required for the proper function of many tissues, including the respiratory tract, brain, and germline. Defects in MCC development have been demonstrated to cause a subclass of mucociliary clearance disorders termed reduced generation of multiple motile cilia (RGMC). To date, only two genes, Multicilin (MCIDAS) and cyclin O (CCNO) have been identified in this disorder in humans. Here, we describe mice lacking GEMC1 (GMNC), a protein with a similar domain organization as Multicilin that has been implicated in DNA replication control. We have found that GEMC1‐deficient mice are growth impaired, develop hydrocephaly with a high penetrance, and are infertile, due to defects in the formation of MCCs in the brain, respiratory tract, and germline. Our data demonstrate that GEMC1 is a critical regulator of MCC differentiation and a candidate gene for human RGMC or related disorders.
High risk type human papillomavirus indicates increasing high grade intraepithelial lesion incidence in cytological low grade squamous intraepithelial lesion patients

Copyright © 2011. Korean Society of Obstetrics and Gynecology Human papillomavirus (HPV) is known as the causal agent of cervical cancer. The Papanicolaou smear is the most popular screening tool for cervical cancer. Some low grade squamous intraepithelial lesions (LSILs) are the metaphase of the course going to high grade squamous intraepithelial lesion (HSIL) and probably will be presented as HSIL or cancer in the future. Although screening methods have been improved in cytology, both conventional and liquid paps show relatively little difference in accuracy [1]. The sensitivity of cytology is 70-80% [2,3]. It is ORIGINAL ARTICLE
Inmunodetección por peroxidasa de células de ganglio sensorial infectadas por virus de rabia

An immunoperoxidase ABC technique was developed to detect rabies virus in dorsal root ganglion cells. This paper presents the standarization of the immunoperoxidase ABC technique which uses the antirabies conjugate produced by the Colombian lnstituto Nacional de Salud. Antibody dilution normally used in the fluorescence routine technique shows an excesive background in the ABC assay. We discuss the possible reasons and presenta protocol that minimizes the high background in the ABC immunoassay.
Perspective-Invariant Image Matching Framework with Binary Feature Descriptor and APSO

A novel perspective invariant image matching framework is proposed in this paper, noted as Perspective-Invariant Binary Robust Independent Elementary Features (PBRIEF). First, we use the homographic transformation to simulate the distortion between two corresponding patches around the feature points. Then, binary descriptors are constructed by comparing the intensity of sample points surrounding the feature location. We transform the location of the sample points with simulated homographic matrices. This operation is to ensure that the intensities which we compared are the realistic corresponding pixels between two image patches. Since the exact perspective transform matrix is unknown, an Adaptive Particle Swarm Optimization (APSO) algorithm-based iterative procedure is proposed to estimate the real transformation angles. Experimental results obtained on five different datasets show that PBRIEF outperforms significantly the existing methods on images with large viewpoint difference. Moreover, the efficien.
Imaging in diabetic cardiomyopathy

Diabetic cardiomyopathy is recognized as a distinct disease entity characterized by left ventricular dysfunction in absence of hypertension or coronary artery disease, and independent of glucose control. Early detection may be particularly important for preventing cardiovascular morbidity and mortality, but prospective evidence for this approach is lacking. The pathophysiology of diabetic cardiomyopathy does not remain completely understood. Besides several animal models, contemporary imaging techniques have helped not only to define this clinical entity, but to also understand pathophysiologic mechanisms. This review aims to highlight the current understanding of the disease process and to discuss current imaging methods and their limitations.
Functional and structural insight into properdin control of complement alternative pathway amplification

Properdin (FP) is an essential positive regulator of the complement alternative pathway (AP) providing stabilization of the C3 and C5 convertases, but its oligomeric nature challenges structural analysis. We describe here a novel FP deficiency (E244K) caused by a single point mutation which results in a very low level of AP activity. Recombinant FP E244K is monomeric, fails to support bacteriolysis, and binds weakly to C3 products. We compare this to a monomeric unit excised from oligomeric FP, which is also dysfunctional in bacteriolysis but binds the AP proconvertase, C3 convertase, C3 products and partially stabilizes the convertase. The crystal structure of such a FP‐convertase complex suggests that the major contact between FP and the AP convertase is mediated by a single FP thrombospondin repeat and a small region in C3b. Small angle X‐ray scattering indicates that FP E244K is trapped in a compact conformation preventing its oligomerization. Our studies demonstrate an essential role of FP oligomerization in vivo while our monomers enable detailed structural insight paving the way for novel modulators of complement.
Sanctions and Rewards in Drug Court Programs: Implementation, Perceived Efficacy, and Decision Making

A key component of drug courts is the use of graduated sanctions and rewards to encourage compliance; however, little is known about how such systems are actually implemented. The current paper documents the specific behaviors that are sanctioned and rewarded and the sanctions and rewards used, perceptions of the efficacy of sanctions, the level of standardization in the application of sanctions and rewards, participants' understanding of the sanctioning system, and the decision-making process regarding sanctioning in five judicial circuits in Florida. Using qualitative data gathered from interviews with 86 key stakeholders and analyzed using NUD*IST software, we conducted comparisons between drug courts and traditional courts, as well as by respondent role (staff vs. offender). Our main findings are that (1) many more sanctions were used and more behaviors were identified as being likely to result in a sanction in drug courts compared to traditional courts, (2) the sanctions used in drug courts were more treatment oriented than in traditional courts, and (3) the drug courts appeared to emphasize tailoring the sanction to the individual participant rather than applying sanctions in a standardized manner.
A little hard to swallow?

Eating a ‘grey goo’ of nanoparticles may seem unpalatable, but the food industry believes that nanotechnology could deliver commercial benefits for the processing and preservation of food (Fig 1). However, as with all new technologies, the question arises as to whether ingesting such particles—some of which are being used to kill microorganisms in food—might also have potential negative effects on human health. Because of major food‐producers' increasing interest in nanotechnology, the question is becoming relevant to researchers as well as regulators. Figure 1. Potential benefits of using nanotechnology in the food industry > … the food industry believes that nanotechnology could deliver commercial benefits for the processing and preservation of food Nanotechnology involves the use of extremely small particles that range from a few nanometres in size—roughly half the diameter of a DNA strand—to 100s of nanometres—about the size of cell organelles and viruses. Nanoparticles per se are not man‐made, as they occur naturally in various forms such as oceanic spray and fine sand. Human‐engineered particles have been around for years in cosmetics, sunscreens and cleaning products. Now, however, the food industry wants to use nanotechnology to extend the freshness of products, detect spoilage and inhibit the growth of microorganisms. Given this, the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has issued a non‐regulatory ‘guidance’ asserting the critical need to better understand the reactivity of engineered nanoparticles. The agency is specifically concerned about the ‘deliberate manipulation and control of particle size’ as such materials might have an impact on public health and safety (http://www.fda.gov/regulatoryinformation/guidances/ucm257698.htm). Many critics of the food industry's use of nanotechnology think the guidance document is not sufficient and that the US government should take regulatory action. Among them is J. Clarence Davies, who chaired the US National Academy of Sciences' Committee on Decision Making for Regulating Chemicals in the Environment and who was involved in creating the US …
Effect of age and sex on the development of neoplasms in wistar rats receiving a single intragastric instillation of 7,12‐dimethylbenz(a)anthracene

Wistar rats of different age and sex received a single intragastric instillation of 7,12‐dimethylbenz(a)anthracene (DMBA). During the following 16 months, 136 of 284 rats developed 182 tumors, of which half were malignant. Among 98 untreated controls, 8 rats developed tumors, of which 4 were malignant. Among the youngest groups (8–15 days) exposed to DMBA, fibroadenoma of the breast in females and subcutaneous sarcoma in both sexes were the most frequent. Among young adult females (6–8 weeks), mammary carcinoma predominated; older females (26 weeks) had less breast tumors. Among adult males, epidermoid carcinoma and papilloma of the skin were most frequent. Castration suppressed development of breast cancer.
Low-Resolution Face Recognition of Multi-Scale Blocking CS-LBP and Weighted PCA

A novel method is proposed in this paper to improve the recognition accuracy of Local Binary Pattern (LBP) on low-resolution face recognition. More precise descriptors and effectively face features can be extracted by combining multi-scale blocking center symmetric local binary pattern (CS-LBP) based on Gaussian pyramids and weighted principal component analysis (PCA) on low-resolution condition. Firstly, the features statistical histograms of face images are calculated by multi-scale blocking CS-LBP operator. Secondly, the stronger classification and lower dimension features can be got by applying weighted PCA algorithm. Finally, the different classifiers are used to select the optimal classification categories of low-resolution face set and calculate the recognition rate. The results in the ORL human face databases show that recognition rate can get 89.38% when the resolution of face image drops to 12×10 pixel and basically satisfy the practical requirements of recognition. The further comparison of oth.
Phosphorylation of ubiquitin at Ser65 affects its polymerization, targets, and proteome‐wide turnover

Ubiquitylation is an essential post‐translational modification that regulates numerous cellular processes, most notably protein degradation. Ubiquitin can itself be phosphorylated at nearly every serine, threonine, and tyrosine residue. However, the effect of this modification on ubiquitin function is largely unknown. Here, we characterized the effects of phosphorylation of yeast ubiquitin at serine 65 in vivo and in vitro. We find this post‐translational modification to be regulated under oxidative stress, occurring concomitantly with the restructuring of the ubiquitin landscape into a highly polymeric state. Phosphomimetic mutation of S65 recapitulates the oxidative stress phenotype, causing a dramatic accumulation of ubiquitylated proteins and a proteome‐wide reduction of protein turnover rates. Importantly, this mutation impacts ubiquitin chain disassembly, chain linkage distribution, ubiquitin interactions, and substrate targeting. These results demonstrate that phosphorylation is an additional mode of ubiquitin regulation with broad implications in cellular physiology.
A Multi-Scale Cascaded Hierarchical Model for Image Labeling

Image labeling is an important and challenging task in the area of graphics and visual computing, where datasets with high quality labeling are critically needed. In this paper, based on the commonly accepted observation that the same semantic object in images with different resolutions may have different representations, we propose a novel multi-scale cascaded hierarchical model (MCHM) to enhance general image labeling methods. Our proposed approach first creates multi-resolution images from the original one to form an image pyramid and labels each image at different scale individually. Next, it constructs a cascaded hierarchical model and a feedback circle between image pyramid and labeling methods. The original image labeling result is used to adjust labeling parameters of those scaled images. Labeling results from the scaled images are then fed back to enhance the original image labeling results. These naturally form a global optimization problem under scale-space condition. We further propose a desir.