Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Pressure ulcers risk assessment: Clinical practice in Spain and a meta-analysis of scales effectiveness

RESUMEN Objetivos: 1) Actualizar el conocimiento sobre las escalas de valoración del riesgo de úlceras por presión (EVRUPP): validación, eficacia y predicción del riesgo. 2) Identificar los métodos usados para valorar el riesgo de desarrollar úlceras por presión en la práctica clínica real en España. Métodos: Para el primer objetivo, se ha realizado una revisión sistemática de la literatura con metaanálisis de los estudios de validación. La búsqueda se hizo sobre 14 bases de datos bibliográficas con los descriptores “úlceras por presión”, “úlceras por decúbito “, “valoración del riesgo” y sus combinaciones. Se realizó una valoración crítica de los estudios encontrados mediante la guía CASP. Se extrajeron los datos de validación de cada escala y se realizó un metaanálisis para las escalas con 2 ó más estudios publicados. Para el segundo objetivo, se realizó una encuesta entre enfermeras de comisiones de úlceras por presión. Resultados: Se han seleccionado 44 estudios con datos de validación de 17 escalas de valoración de riesgo de UPP. Sólo 5 escalas tienen 2 ó más estudios de validación: Braden, Cubbin-Jackson, EMINA, Norton y Waterlow. Las escalas con mayor capacidad predictiva son las de Braden (OR = 5,1) y EMINA (OR = 7,14). El juicio clínico de las enfermeras, por sí sólo, no tiene suficiente capacidad de predicción de riesgo de UPP. En pacientes de cuidados intensivos, las escalas con mejor capacidad predictiva son: Cubbin-Jackson (OR = 6,63) y Braden (OR = 3,02). Una gran mayoría (67,3%) de las enfermeras encuestadas afirmaron valorar siempre el riesgo de UPP; el procedimiento más frecuente fue el uso de una EVRUPP (46,2%). Las EVRUPP usadas con mayor frecuencia en España son, en este orden: Braden, Norton, Norton modificado, Cubbin-Jackson y EMINA. El número y tipo de medidas preventivas utilizadas se asocia con el nivel de riesgo de UPP de los pacientes. Conclusiones: Las EVRUPP que tienen mejores indicadores de validación y capacidad INTRODUCCIÓN Las úlceras por presión (UPP) constituyen un importante problema de salud que afecta a todos los sistemas sanitarios desarrollados (1). En España, tienen un considerable impacto epidemiológico, tanto por su prevalencia -que los datos del año 2005 estiman en 8,91% en hospitales y 9,11% en centros de Atención Primaria (2)-, como por su mortalidad (3). La valoración del riesgo que tiene un paciente para desarrollar UPP es un aspecto clave en la prevención. Las guías de práctica clínica recomiendan realizar una valoración del riesgo en todas las personas en su primer contacto con el sistema sanitario, tanto en hospitales, en centros geriátricos o en pacientes atendidos en sus domicilios (4). La identificación de riesgo va a permitir la aplicación precoz de medidas de prevención. Sin embargo, no existe un claro consenso entre los expertos y los profesionales sobre la mejor forma de realizar esta valoración del riesgo de UPP. Algunas de las guías 40
Environmental, grain ultrastructural and biochemical properties influencing rice milling quality

High daytime temperatures (33°C and above) during the grain-filling stage in rice have negative impacts on milling quality traits. An increased number of chalky and fissured grains as a result of high temperatures during the grain-filling stage, leads to a reduction in head rice yield (HRY). In this study, we evaluated the influence of high temperature (33°C) during grain filling, together with grain moisture content (GMC) at harvest (26%, 18% and 15%), on milling quality traits, especially grain fissure formation. The sensitivity of different stages of grain filling to fissure formation was also evaluated by exposing grains to high temperature (33°C) at the following stages: milky (14 days after heading: DAH), dough (21 DAH) and maturing (28 DAH) . Two varieties known to be resistant to cracking: Cypress (long-grain) and Reiziq (medium-grain) and two susceptible varieties: YC53-00-7 (long-grain) and Baru (medium-grain) were compared. Two controlled-temperature
Gebietsfremde Gefäßpflanzen in Naturwaldreservaten von Rheinland-Pfalz

Floristische und vegetationskundliche Daten aus 21 Naturwaldreservaten (NWR) in Rheinland-Pfalz wurden hinsichtlich ihres Anteils an gebietsfremden Gefaspflanzenarten (Neophyten i. w. S.) ausgewertet und uberregional verglichen, um generelle Trends in der Naturnahe und der naturlichen Waldentwicklung - unabhangig von lokal wirkenden Faktoren – aufzuzeigen. Neben uberwiegend zonalen, naturnahen Buchenwaldern bodensaurer Standorte umfasst der Datensatz auch drei Auenwald-Standorte und zwei Moorbirken-Bruchwalder. Als Besonderheit im Ver-gleich zu anderen Bundeslandern hat Rheinland-Pfalz zwei NWR mit hohen Douglasien-Anteilen ausgewiesen, um deren Entwicklung ohne forstliche Nutzung zu dokumentieren. Von diesen beiden NWR und zwei NWR mit besonderer Dynamik nach Windwurf sowie einem weitgehend ungestortem NWR im Biospharenreservat Pfalzer Wald liegen auch Wiederholungsinventuren vor, die erste Hinweise auf die langfristige Entwicklung des Neophyten-Anteils in NWR liefern. Durch einen Vergleich gezaunter und ungezaunter Flachen in NWR konnte der Schalenwildein-fluss, durch den Vergleich mit angrenzenden, weiterhin bewirtschafteten Bestanden der Einfluss der forstlichen Nutzung auf den Anteil gebietsfremder Arten an der Vegetation analysiert wer-den. Gebietsfremde Arten spielen in den naturnahen, nicht mehr bewirtschafteten NWR in Rhein-land-Pfalz insgesamt eine untergeordnete Rolle. Vor allem krautige Neophyten sind ausgespro-chen gering vertreten, insbesondere in den naturnahen Buchenwald-NWR. Auch von Impatiens glandulifera, die in allen Auen-NWR am Rhein vorkommt, geht bisher weder ein Verdrangen ein-heimischer Arten noch ein Verlust an Diversitat und Naturnahe aus. Den grosten Anteil unter den gebietsfremden Arten bilden die nicht-autochthonen Geholze, die in der Vergangenheit 142 forstlich angebaut wurden und von denen sich vor allem Picea abies, Larix decidua und Pseudotsuga menziesii in den NWR vielfach spontan verjungen. Wiederholungsinventuren zeigen unterschied-liche Entwicklungen im Anteil gebietsfremder Arten, wobei vorangegangene Storungen (z. B. Windwurf) einen wesentlichen Einfluss ausuben. Im Vergleich der Aufnahmen von zwei Dougla-sien-reichen NWR kam es innerhalb eines Jahrzehnts zu einem starken Ruckgang der Douglasie. Sie ist dort vor allem in der Konkurrenz zur Buche unterlegen, so dass sich ohne waldbauliche Unterstutzung hier der Naturnahegrad wieder erhoht hat. Ohne Schalenwildeinfluss (hauptsach-lich Reh- und Rotwild) sind gebietsfremde Arten tendenziell erfolgreicher. Insbesondere Picea abies und Pseudotsuga menziesii waren im Zaun in Strauchschichthohe starker vertreten als auser-halb. Im Vergleich mit bewirtschafteten Waldern ist der Anteil gebietsfremder Arten in unbewirt-schafteten NWR absolut gesehen niedriger. Durch den geringen Artenreichtum an Gefas-pflanzen und einem geringeren Deckungsgrad der Bodenvegetation im NWR gleichen sich die Unterschiede zwischen (naturnah) bewirtschafteten und nicht bewirtschafteten Waldern jedoch weitgehend aus.
E-procurement in the hospital industry : a feasibility study

vi, 40 p. A THESIS Presented to the Department of Decision Sciences and the Clark Honors College of the University of Oregon in partial fulfillment of the requirements for degree of Bachelor of Arts, June 2002. A print copy of this title is available through the UO Libraries under the call number: SCA Archiv Andries 2002
Performance of activated carbon derived from Cymbopogon winterianus distillation waste for scavenging of aqueous toxic anionic dye Congo red: Comparison with commercial activated carbon

ABSTRACT Activated carbon derived from distillation waste of java citronella (Cymbopogon winterianus) by phosphoric acid activation along with commercial activated carbon was evaluated for their scavenging potential toward toxic anionic dye Congo red. Prepared activated carbon was characterized with Fourier transformation infrared spectroscopy, scanning electron microscope, and points zero charge (pHzp). Commercial activated carbon scavenged higher quantity of dye than prepared activated carbon; however, dye uptake rate was faster onto latter. Adsorption behavior is best represented by Freundlich equilibrium and pseudo-second-order kinetic model. Thermodynamics parameters indicate the exothermic nature of reaction. Desorption study allows the superior recycle performance of prepared activated carbon.
Collective behaviours in living systems : from bacteria to molecular motors

The first part of my thesis is devoted to studying the self-organization of engineered strains of run-and-tumble bacteria Escherichia coli. This project, carried out in collaboration with synthetic biologists at Hong Kong University, has as its objective the exploration and decipherment of a novel self-organization mechanism in multi-species bacterial colonies. This was inspired by the fascinating question of how bacterial ecosystems comprising several species of bacteria can self-organize in space. By considering systems in which two strains of bacteria mutually regulate their motilities, I was able to show that reciprocal density control is a generic pattern-formation pathway: if two strains tend tomutually enhance their motility (strain A moves faster when strain B is present, and conversely),they undergo a pattern formation process leading to demixing between the two strains. Conversely, mutual inhibition of motility leads to pattern formation with colocalization. These results were validated experimentally by our biologist collaborators. Subsequently, I extended my study to systems composed of more than two interacting species, finding simple rules that can predict the spatial self-organization of an arbitrary number of species whose motility is under mutual control. This part of my thesis opens up a new route to understand the self-organization of bacterial colonies with competing strains, which is an important question to understand the dynamics of biofilms or bacterial ecosystems in soils.The second problem treated in my thesis is inspired by the collective behaviour ofmolecular motorsmoving along microtubules in the cytoplasm of eukaryotic cells. A relevant model for the molecularmotors’ motion is given by a paradigmatic non-equilibrium system called Asymmetric Simple Exclusion Process (ASEP). In this one-dimensional lattice- based model, particles hop on empty neighboring sites at constant rates, with a leftright bias that drives the systemout of equilibrium. When connected at its ends to particle reservoirs, the ASEP is a prototypical example of one-dimensional boundary driven phase transitions. Realistic examples, however, seldom involve only one lane: microtubules are made of several tubulin tracks to which the motors can attach. In my thesis, I explained how one can theoretically predict the phase behaviour of complex multilane systems, in which particles can also hop between parallel lanes. In particular, I showed that the onedimensional phase transition seen in the ASEP survives this additional complexity but involves new features such as non-zero steady transverse currents and shear localization.
Simulation study on comprehensive sensing enhancement of BlueP/MoS2- and BlueP/WS2-based fluoride fiber surface plasmon resonance sensors: analysis founded on damping, field, and optical power.

Two-dimensional (2D) heterostructure-based fluoride fiber surface plasmon resonance (SPR) sensor designs are simulated and analyzed while emphasizing figure of merit (FOM) enhancement in the near-infrared (NIR) spectral region. Through simultaneous optimization of NIR wavelength and Ag layer thickness, exceptionally large FOM values of 15,650.75 RIU-1 and 12,409.30 RIU-1 are achieved for BlueP/MoS2-based and BlueP/WS2-based fiber SPR sensors, respectively. The results are explained in terms of tunable radiation damping, power loss, and corresponding field enhancement. These FOM values are significantly greater than recently reported sensors. The BlueP/MoS2-based sensor with 48.8 nm Ag film and at 738.4 nm wavelength provides an all-round large FOM.
Signatures of adaptive divergence among populations of an avian species of conservation concern

Understanding the genetic underpinning of adaptive divergence among populations is a key goal of evolutionary biology and conservation. Gunnison sage‐grouse (Centrocercus minimus) is a sagebrush obligate species with a constricted range consisting of seven discrete populations, each with distinctly different habitat and climatic conditions. Though geographically close, populations have low levels of natural gene flow resulting in relatively high levels of differentiation. Here, we use 15,033 SNP loci in genomic outlier analyses, genotype–environment association analyses, and gene ontology enrichment tests to examine patterns of putatively adaptive genetic differentiation in an avian species of conservation concern. We found 411 loci within 5 kbp of 289 putative genes associated with biological functions or pathways that were overrepresented in the assemblage of outlier SNPs. The identified gene set was enriched for cytochrome P450 gene family members (CYP4V2, CYP2R1, CYP2C23B, CYP4B1) and could impact metabolism of plant secondary metabolites, a critical challenge for sagebrush obligates. Additionally, the gene set was also enriched with members potentially involved in antiviral response (DEAD box helicase gene family and SETX). Our results provide a first look at local adaption for isolated populations of a single species and suggest adaptive divergence in multiple metabolic and biochemical pathways may be occurring. This information can be useful in managing this species of conservation concern, for example, to identify unique populations to conserve, avoid translocation or release of individuals that may swamp locally adapted genetic diversity, or guide habitat restoration efforts.
The relation of pain with geographical location in Turkey in transrectal ultrasonography-guided prostate biopsy

In this study, the relationship of patient tolerance in transrectal ultrasonography (TRUS) guided prostate biopsies, with geographical location in Turkey was evaluated. One hundred sixty-two patients with a mean age of 67.9 years (range, 46-82 years) who underwent TRUS-guided prostate biopsies in our clinic were examined. The Visual Analog Scale (VAS) was used as the tolerance assessment criterion. The mean pain scores according to regions were as follows: Black Sea region, 4.9; East Anatolian region, 3.6; Central Anatolian region, 3.6; Marmara region, 2.2; Aegean region, 1.9; Mediterranean region, 1.5; and Southeast Anatolian region, 1.4. The mean pain score of patients from the Black Sea region was significantly higher than the other regions; whereas the mean pain scores of patients in the East and Central Anatolian regions were significantly higher than the other regions, except Black Sea region. The difference patient tolerance and age were not statistically significant. The geographical locations of the patients were shown to affect the pain levels significantly, in TRUSguided prostate biopsies. In case the results of the present study are confirmed in large-scale studies, it may be beneficial to consider this issue in counseling the patients undergoing prostate biopsies.
Scalable, Distributed Algorithms for Solving Linear Equations via Double-Layered Networks

This paper proposes scalable, distributed algorithms for solving linear equations by integrating two mechanisms, termed consensus and conservation, in double-layered multiagent networks. The multiagent network considered in this paper is composed of clusters and each cluster consists of an aggregator and a subnetwork of agents. By achieving consensus and conservation through agent–agent communications in the same cluster and aggregator–aggregator communications among different clusters, respectively, distributed algorithms are devised for agents to cooperatively achieve a solution to the overall linear equation. These algorithms outperform existing algorithms, including but not limited to the following aspects—first, each agent does not have to know as much as a complete row or column of the overall equation; second, each agent only needs to control as few as two scalar states when the number of clusters and the number of agents are sufficiently large; third, the dimensions of agents’ states in the proposed algorithms do not have to be the same (while in contrast, algorithms based on the idea of standard consensus inherently require all agents’ states to be of the same dimension). Both analytical proof and simulation results are provided to validate exponential convergence of the proposed distributed algorithms in solving linear equations.
Effect of the stirring speed on the struvite formation using the centrate from a WWTP

The formation of struvite (MgNH4PO4·6H2O) for nutrient recovery in wastewater treatment plants has been widely investigated; however, little attention has been paid to the effect of stirring speeds on the resulting particle size, which could affect its agronomic value as a slow-release fertilizer. In this study, struvite formation from the centrate of sewage digestate was performed under six stirring speeds (0, 100, 200, 300, 400, 500 rpm). The resulting struvite crystals were characterised using X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy with energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy. The average particle size of struvite crystals increased from 55 µm at 0 rpm to 127 µm at 100 rpm and 128 μm at 200 rpm. Further increments in stirring speeds resulted in smaller crystal sizes. These results indicated that the largest particle size can be obtained at stirring speeds ranging from 100 to 200 rpm, equivalent to a velocity gradient between 79 and 188 s-1, as there was no statistically significant difference between mean values (t-test, p<0.05). The optimum stirring speed range reported herein can be used to set operational conditions for struvite crystallisation with the benefit of producing large crystals and reducing energy consumption in stirring tanks.
A -94 dBc/Hz@100 kHz, fully-integrated, 5-GHz, CMOS VCO with 18% tuning range for Bluetooth applications

A 5-GHz, fully monolithic voltage-controlled oscillator (VCO) for Bluetooth wireless transceivers is demonstrated in a 0.25 /spl mu/m CMOS technology using accumulation mode varactors and spiral inductors. An 18% tuning range was measured for only 2.5 V tuning-voltage variation. The phase noise was -94 dBc/Hz at 100 kHz frequency offset with 40 kHz 1/f/sup 3/ corner frequency. These low values are limited by the up-conversion of flicker noise due to varactor amplitude-to-frequency conversion and to the modulation of the varactor bias point. This explanation is verified by simulations and measurements. The circuit draws 5.5 mA from a 2.5 V power supply.
Estudo da participação do PDGF nas células de Schwann humanas ST88-14: possível envolvimento na fibrose neural na hanseníase

Fibrosis causes irreversible damage to the peripheral nerve of leprosy patients, as well as Schwann cells (CS), which may be directly involved with Mycobacterium leprae (ML), the etiological agent of the disease, presenting a tropism by these cells. Considering that leprosy presents different clinical forms and their patients present different degrees of inflammation and fibrosis, it becomes necessary to evaluate which pro-fibrotic mediators besides TGF-\03B21 could contribute to this process. PDGF (plateletderived growth factor) has been identified as one of the main mediators involved in the fibrogenesis of various organs, however, further studies are needed to investigate the relationship between this factor and infectious diseases, characterized by fibrosis, such as leprosy. Thus, this study had a possible contribution of the PDGF and its receptors in the leprosy neural lesion in the in vitro model with the human CS of the ST88-14 lineage, and ex vivo by the evaluation of serum levels of pure neural form patients with leprosy. Our data showed that the CS of the ST88-14 lineage produces constitutively PDGF-BB and this production is increased by ML + TGF\03B2-1 in 7 days We also observed that the ML stimuli, induces PDGFR-\03B1 expression. Furthermore, we have shown that the TGF\03B2-1 / TGF\03B2R signaling pathway is important for both the expression of PDGFR\03B1 and \03B2, as well as the functional change of CS, as it regulates the deposition / secretion of extracellular matrix (ECM) iduced in these cells. Additionally, we also observed that PDGF-BB induces the increase of the expression of TGF\03B2RI and II and the secretion of soluble TGF\03B2-1 by CS. Overall, ex vivo results have reinforced the hypothesis that PDGF is a potential inducer of neural fibrosis in leprosy along with the previously described effects exerted by TGF\03B2-1, since HNP patients have elevated serum levels of PDGF-BB and MCP -1 compared to non-Hansen patients. Since these factors act together in fibrosis, we can better understand the pathogenesis leading to fibrosis and prevent neural regeneration in patients with leprosy.
Circuit Oriented Electromagnetic Modeling Using the PEEC Techniques

This book provides intuitive solutions to electromagnetic problems by using the Partial Element Equivalent Circuit (PEEC) method. This book begins with an introduction to circuit analysis techniques, laws, and frequency and time domain analyses. The authors also treat Maxwell's equations, capacitance computations, and inductance computations through the lens of the PEEC method. Next, readers learn to build PEEC models in various forms: equivalent circuit models, non-orthogonal PEEC models, skin-effect models, PEEC models for dielectrics, incident and radiate field models, and scattering PEEC models. The book concludes by considering issues like stability and passivity, and includes five appendices some with formulas for partial elements.
Phytochemical Screening and In Vivo Antimalarial Activity of Two Traditionally Used Medicinal Plants of Afar Region, Ethiopia, against Plasmodium berghei in Swiss Albino Mice

The objective of the present study was to investigate phytochemical components, antiplasmodial activity (in vivo) and evaluate the toxicity of two local medicinal plants, namely, Salvadora persica L. and Balanites rotundifolia (Van Tiegh.) used in Afar ethnomedicine for the treatment of malaria. In this study, phytochemical screening has been done using standard methods and the existence of antiplasmodial compounds was detected in these plant extracts. Four-day Peter's test was used to determine parasite inhibition, PCV was determined by Wintrob's method, and effects against loss of body weight and improvements on survival time were determined. LD50s of the crude extracts have been also done. Acute toxicity studies of the extracts were carried out in Swiss albino mice prior to antimalarial activity test. All extracts revealed no obvious acute toxicities on mice up to the highest (5000mg/kg) dose given. The crude extract was estimated to have oral median lethal dose higher than 5,000 mg/kg. With the 4-day suppressive test, both plant extracts demonstrated dose-dependent significant reduction in parasitemia level at all test doses compared to the negative control: in the extract of B. rotundifolia 500 mg/kg extract (60.59±3.25%), 350 mg/kg extract (48.1±1.4), and 200 mg/kg extract (41.33±1.1%) were found. And in case of S. Persica 500 mg/kg extract (50.6±4.01%), 350 mg/kg extract (35.85±0.89), and 200 mg/kg extract (27.69±1.14%) were found. The results of this study provide support for the traditional therapeutic value and the reported antimalarial activity.