Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Recent advances in the molecular genetics of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy.

The recent evolution of molecular genetic techniques and their application in deciphering the molecular genetic basis of inherited diseases have facilitated the dawning of molecular medicine. A complete genetic map of the human genome, based on easily identifiable highly polymorphic DNA markers, has been developed.1 2 3 This achievement is a milestone in that it provides the foundation for genetic linkage analysis, a technique essential to the mapping of the chromosomal locus responsible for a disease. Before the development of multiple informative markers, identification of a disease-related gene required a priori knowledge of the defective protein, which was known for only a few diseases. The previous approach of “from a defective protein to a defective gene” has been replaced with the approach of “from a defective gene to a defective protein. ” The recent availability of the highly informative STRP markers compared with previous markers based on RFLP has greatly accelerated chromosomal mapping by linkage analysis.4 Furthermore, the RFLP markers detected by Southern blotting required 5 to 7 days, whereas STRP markers are detected by PCR and require as few as 1 to 2 days.4 5 The loci for more than 400 disease-related genes have been mapped, and the responsible genes have been identified for more than 40 of these diseases.1 Theoretically, it is possible to map the chromosomal locus of any disease-related gene if a family with 10 or more living affected individuals spanning two or more generations is available.4 5 Subsequent to the chromosomal mapping of the locus by genetic linkage analysis, several techniques, such as positional cloning, are used to identify the responsible gene.6 7 Positional cloning refers to cloning of a segment of DNA with only its chromosomal position in relation to a marker known. This process of identifying the genes, …
The influence of surface properties of plasma-etched polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) on cell growth and morphology

Polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) or silicone rubber is a widely used implant material. Approaches to promote tissue integration to PDMS are desirable to avoid clinical problems associated with sliding and friction between tissue and implant. Plasma-etching is a useful way to control cell behavior on PDMS without additional coatings. In this work, different plasma processing conditions were used to modify the surface properties of PDMS substrates. Surface nanotopography and wettability were measured to study their effect on in vitro growth and morphology of fibroblasts. While fluorinated plasma treatments produced nanorough hydrophobic and superhydrophobic surfaces that had negative or little influences on cellular behavior, water vapor/oxygen plasma produced smooth hydrophillic surfaces that enhanced cell growth.
Caracterización Wavelet de Interacciones Solitónicas

En el presente trabajo se emplea la solucion numerica de la ecuacion de Korterweg DeVries (KdV) para estudiar la interaccion de soluciones tipo soliton bajo la perspectiva del analisis de onditas o wavelets. Entre las principales caracteristicas de los solitones se encuentra su posibilidad de propagarse como ondas de gran amplitud sin dispersion e interactuar entre ellas de forma tal que luego de la interaccion cada onda recupera totalmente sus caracteristicas previas a la interaccion tal como si se hubiera tratado de particulas. La ecuacion KdV se resolvio numericamente empleando un metodo pseudoespectral en el espacio y un esquema de Runge y Kutta en el tiempo, para estudiar la propagacion de ondas no lineales. Los solitones son incorporados a la integracion numerica de la ecuacion KdV a traves de las condiciones iniciales de forma tal de garantizar la propagacion de tales ondas desde el inicio del estudio. Los resultados de la integracion numerica se validaron mediante la comparacion con parametros analiticos de tal manera de asegurar de que se dispuso de un buen laboratorio computacional para el estudio de la propagacion de estas ondas. Ademas se realizaron estudios numericos accesorios para ajustar al maximo la performance de la integracion de la ecuacion KdV con referencia a la parte espectral. La interaccion entre dichos solitones fue caracterizada en base a un analisis wavelet de los mismos que resulta ser una metodologia que no ha sido hallada en la literatura disponible. Como uno de los resultados mas destacados del trabajo se puede mencionar el hecho de que las ondas solitonicas presentaron una estructura multiescala, que caracteriza matematicamente a los conjuntos fractales, que acompano al proceso de interaccion de los solitones durante todo el lapso de integracion computacional. Los resultados obtenidos han mostrado ser independientes del numero de solitones como asi tambien de su amplitud o su secuencia de interaccion. Con esta propuesta se espera contribuir de una forma novedosa a lograr un entendimiento mas profundo de las soluciones de la ecuacion KdV en si misma y en la naturaleza de los mecanismos que se desarrollan durante la interaccion de los solitones.
Language style and domain adaptation for cross-language SLU porting

Automatic cross-language Spoken Language Understanding porting is plagued by two limitations. First, SLU are usually trained on limited domain corpora. Second, language pair resources (e.g. aligned corpora) are scarce or unmatched in style (e.g. news vs. conversation). We present experiments on automatic style adaptation of the input for the translation systems and their output for SLU. We approach the problem of scarce aligned data by adapting the available parallel data to the target domain using limited in-domain and larger web crawled close-to-domain corpora. SLU performance is optimized by reranking its output with Recurrent Neural Network-based joint language model. We evaluate end-to-end SLU porting on close and distant language pairs: Spanish - Italian and Turkish - Italian; and achieve significant improvements both in translation quality and SLU performance.
Rehabilitation: identification of needs, priorities and expectations, and the evaluation of benefit

Audiology services evolved from technical disciplines with emphasis on assessment of hearing impairments rather than the experiences of disabilities and handicaps. This article argues for a comprehensive, though structured, framework for the assessment of listening needs (disabilities) which, via sets of personal and societal contexts, lead to handicaps. Rehabilitative and instrumental interventions should be selected on the basis of disabilities and handicaps as modulated by individuals' expectations and attitudes, and configured as part of an overall management plan aimed at alleviating the consequences of impaired hearing. An evaluation structure to assess success and identify residual deficits as a guide to further intervention should map onto the original structure of disabilities and handicaps: all of this should take account of the social and personal contexts within which hearing-impaired listeners are required to function.
Generation of radio beams carrying OAM basing on coaxial waveguide

This paper presents a kind of circular loop antenna (CLA) constructed by coaxial waveguide, which is able to generate radio beams carrying orbital angular momentum (OAM) under the condition of dual port excited. The proposed CLA can reconfigure OAM modes with opposite sign by retrieving the alternative ports. Method induced in this work to design CLA based OAM generator could be extended to other types of transmission line structure, which makes the discussions presented in our porotypes be significant for the research and application of the OAM beams in low frequency.
TRRD: Technology for extraction, storage, and use of knowledge about the structural-functional organization of the transcriptional regulatory regions in the eukaryotic genes

We have developed the Transcription Regulatory Regions Database (TRRD, http://www.bionet.nsc.ru/trrd/) designed for storage of data on the structural-functional organization of transcriptional regulatory regions of the eukaryotic genes and their expression patterns. TRRD contains experimentally supported data only. Knowledge extraction from scientific literature, storage and further application of the results are all stepwise, conforming to the Data Mining technology: i) knowledge extraction from scientific publications; ii) preprocessing (data cleaning, syntactic and semantic analysis; iii) data transformation; iv) application for prediction; v) interpretation of the obtained knowledge to resolve the timely issues in bioinformatics. TRRD contains a compilation of data on 2 344 genes, their 14 407 expression patterns, 3 490 regulatory units, and 10 135 transcription factor binding sites. TRRD is filled in by manual annotation of scientific publications. The information incorporated into TRRD is the result of annotations of 7 609 scientific papers. Sequence Retrieval System (SRS) is the main tool for search and navigation in TRRD. A large number of indexed fields in its SRS version allow the user to generate queries both within and between libraries. TRRD has thesauruses and search systems that provide additional options for data access. TRRD is currently linked to 20 worldwide information resources, including EMBL/GeneBank, Ensembl, EPD, SWISS-PROT, TRANSFAC, GDB, GeneCards, MGD, RGD, GO. The links serve as a framework for integration in a distributed network environment.
Invariant NKT cells sustain specific B cell responses and memory

Invariant natural killer T (iNKT) cells are innate-like lymphocytes recognizing CD1d-restricted glycolipid antigens, such as α-galactosylceramide (αGC). We assessed whether iNKT cells help B lymphocyte responses and found that mice immunized with proteins and αGC develop antibody titers 1–2 logs higher than those induced by proteins alone. Activation of iNKT cells enhances protection against infections such as influenza and elicits higher frequencies of memory B cells and higher antibody responses to booster immunizations. Protein vaccination with αGC, but not with conventional adjuvants, elicits IgG responses in mice lacking MHC class II molecules, demonstrating that iNKT cells can substitute for CD4+ T cell help to B cells. Interestingly, the decay of circulating antibodies is faster in mice lacking iNKT cells. These findings point to a homeostatic role for iNKT cells on critical features of the antibody response such as immunity and B cell memory.
Rapid dissemination of SIV following oral inoculation

Objective: To assess the earliest events regarding transmission and dissemination of SIV following nontraumatic oral inoculation in macaques. Design: Juvenile and neonate rhesus macaques were orally inoculated with SIVmac251 and necropsied at 1, 2, 4, 7, or 14 days post-inoculation. Sites of transmission and the extent of viral spread were assessed by using molecular techniques and in situ hybridization to identify SIV nucleic acid in lymphoid and nonlymphoid tissues. Results: This study demonstrates that 1 day post-exposure, SIV nucleic acid was detected in the alimentary canal only in tissues proximal to the stomach, including the oral and esophageal mucosa as well as the tonsils. Following infection, virus was observed to spread rapidly to regional and peripheral lymph nodes by 1 and 2 days post-inoculation (dpi). Hundreds of copies of SIV-DNA were detected 4 dpi, increasing to > 10 000 copies/1 × 106 cells by 7 dpi. Identification of SIV positive T cells and macrophages implicates these cell types in viral spread, although dissemination of free virus is also likely. Conclusions: Here the oral and esophageal mucosa, as well as tonsils, are demonstrated to be potential sites for viral infection upon nontraumatic oral exposure to SIV in macaques. The rapid dissemination following oral transmission observed in this study is reflective of SIV transmission across other mucosal surfaces. The rapidity with which SIV, and probably HIV, spreads throughout the lymphatics indicates a major obstacle for a vaccine amnestic immune response to eliminate infected cells prior to dissemination.
An open‐label trial of enhanced brief interpersonal psychotherapy in depressed mothers whose children are receiving psychiatric treatment

Major depression affects one out of five women during her lifetime. Depressed mothers with psychiatrically ill children represent an especially vulnerable population. Challenged by the demands of caring for ill children, these mothers often put their own needs last; consequently, their depressions remain untreated. This population is especially difficult to engage in treatment. We have developed a nine‐session intervention, an engagement session followed by eight sessions of brief interpersonal psychotherapy designed to increase maternal participation in their own psychotherapy, resolve symptoms of maternal depression, and enhance relationships (IPT‐MOMS). This open‐label trial assesses the feasibility and acceptability of providing this treatment to depressed mothers. Thirteen mothers meeting DSM‐IV criteria for major depression were recruited from a pediatric mental health clinic where their school‐age children were receiving psychiatric treatment. Subjects (mothers) were treated openly with IPT‐MOMS. Eighty‐five percent (11/13) completed the study. Subjects were evaluated with the Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression, and completed self‐report measures of quality of life and functioning at three time points: baseline, after treatment completion, and 6‐months posttreatment. A signed rank test was used to compare measurement changes between assessment time points. Subjects showed significant improvement from baseline to posttreatment on measures of maternal symptoms and functioning. These gains were maintained at 6‐month follow‐up. Therapy was well tolerated and accepted by depressed mothers, who are typically difficult to engage in treatment. A high proportion of subjects completed treatment and experienced improvements in functioning. Future randomized clinical trials are needed to establish the efficacy of this approach. Depression and Anxiety 23:398–404, 2006. Published 2006 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Social neuroscience 1 Neuroscience Approaches in Social and Personality Psychology

Social neuroscience is an interdisciplinary approach to studying the social mind and behavior by considering their neural and biological underpinnings. In this chapter, we describe the methodological approach of social neuroscience and review research that has applied this approach to address the interplay of the person and situation in the domains of social cognition, attitudes, emotion and motivation, intergroup relations, and personality. We provide critical discussion of how neuroscience may contribute to classic questions in personality and social psychology, and we describe how the social neuroscience approach promotes the integration of dispositional and situational accounts of the mind and behavior.
Apprentissage automatique rapide et lent

L'ere du Big Data a revolutionne la maniere dont les donnees sont creees et traitees. Dans ce contexte, de nombreux defis se posent, compte tenu de la quantite enorme de donnees disponibles qui doivent etre efficacement gerees et traitees afin d’extraire des connaissances. Cette these explore la symbiose de l'apprentissage en mode batch et en flux, traditionnellement consideres dans la litterature comme antagonistes, sur le probleme de la classification a partir de flux de donnees en evolution. L'apprentissage en mode batch est une approche bien etablie basee sur une sequence finie: d'abord les donnees sont collectees, puis les modeles predictifs sont crees, finalement le modele est applique. Par contre, l’apprentissage par flux considere les donnees comme infinies, rendant le probleme d’apprentissage comme une tâche continue (sans fin). De plus, les flux de donnees peuvent evoluer dans le temps, ce qui signifie que la relation entre les caracteristiques et la reponse correspondante peut changer. Nous proposons un cadre systematique pour prevoir le surendettement, un probleme du monde reel ayant des implications importantes dans la societe moderne. Les deux versions du mecanisme d'alerte precoce (batch et flux) surpassent les performances de base de la solution mise en œuvre par le Groupe BPCE, la deuxieme institution bancaire en France. De plus, nous introduisons une methode d'imputation evolutive basee sur un modele pour les donnees manquantes dans la classification. Cette methode presente le probleme d'imputation sous la forme d'un ensemble de tâches de classification / regression resolues progressivement.Nous presentons un cadre unifie qui sert de plate-forme d'apprentissage commune ou les methodes de traitement par batch et par flux peuvent interagir de maniere positive. Nous montrons que les methodes batch peuvent etre efficacement formees sur le reglage du flux dans des conditions specifiques. Nous proposons egalement une adaptation de l'Extreme Gradient Boosting algorithme aux flux de donnees en evolution. La methode adaptative proposee genere et met a jour l'ensemble de maniere incrementielle a l'aide de mini-lots de donnees. Enfin, nous presentons scikit-multiflow, un framework open source en Python qui comble le vide en Python pour une plate-forme de developpement/recherche pour l'apprentissage a partir de flux de donnees en evolution.
Impaired visual processing in patients with insomnia disorder revealed by a dissociation in visual search

Insomnia disorder is associated with both subjective and objective daytime impairments. In particular, cognitive impairments are frequently reported. However, little is known about the effects of this pathology on perceptual processes. In this study we aim at evaluating the effect of insomnia disorder on visual processing by employing a visual search paradigm. Twenty‐three patients with insomnia disorder and 20 healthy age‐ and sex‐matched control subjects participated in the study. After a polysomnographic recording night patients performed a visual search task in which they had to respond to the presence/absence of a target (letter T) embedded into a set of distractors (letters Os, Xs or Ls). Target's salience and distractors’ numerosity were manipulated, while accuracy and reaction times were recorded as dependent variables. The results mainly confirmed the typical effects of a visual search task. An overall delay in performing the task was observed for patients with insomnia disorder. However, distinguishing the reaction times to stimuli containing the target from reaction times to stimuli in which the target was absent, the clinical group differed from controls solely in the condition of target absent. The performance (reaction times) of the subjects correlated with the age in the control group, whereas no correlation between reaction times and age, disease duration and quality of sleep was found in patients with insomnia disorder. These results experimentally demonstrate the presence of a daytime impairment in patients with insomnia disorder revealed by a dissociation in visual search, and are discussed in the light of the hyperarousal concept of insomnia.
Recommendations for the use of pacifiers.

Pacifiers, also known as soothers, dummies and artificial teats are as rooted in history as they are in controversy. Pacifiers made of clay, silver, pearl or coral, and sugar teats have been described, some dating back to over thousands of years [1][2]. Pacifier use is still widespread in today’s culture, and a recent Canadian trial reports up to 84% of infants use one at least some of the time [3].
of Nebraska Lincoln of Nebraska Lincoln Holographic capture of femtosecond pulse propagation Holographic capture of femtosecond pulse propagation

We have implemented a holographic system to study the propagation of femtosecond laser pulses with high temporal (cid:1) 150 fs (cid:2) and spatial resolutions (cid:1) 4 (cid:1) m (cid:2) . The phase information in the holograms allows us to reconstruct both positive and negative index changes due to the Kerr nonlinearity (cid:1) positive (cid:2) and plasma formation (cid:1) negative (cid:2) , and to reconstruct three-dimensional structure. Dramatic differences were observed in the interaction of focused femtosecond pulses with air, water, and carbon disulﬁde. The air becomes ionized in the focal region, while in water long plasma ﬁlaments appear before the light reaches a tight focus. In contrast, in carbon disulﬁde the optical beam breaks up into multiple ﬁlaments but no plasma is measured. We explain these different propagation regimes in terms of the different nonlinear material properties. © 2006 American Institute of Physics . (cid:3) DOI: 10.1063/1.2345469 (cid:4)
Oral administration of Aloe vera and honey reduces walker tumour growth by decreasing cell proliferation and increasing apoptosis in tumour tissue

Cancer is diagnosed in approximately 11 million people and is responsible for almost 8 million deaths worldwide every year. Research in cancer control has shown the importance of co‐adjuvant therapies. Aloe vera may reduce tumour mass and metastasis rates, while honey may inhibit tumour growth. This study verified the influence of Aloe vera and honey on tumour growth and in the apoptosis process by assessing tumour size, the cell proliferation rate (Ki67‐LI) and Bax/Bcl‐2 expression at 7, 14 and 20 days after Walker 256 carcinoma implant in Wistar rats distributed into two groups: the WA group – tumour‐bearing rats that received a gavage with a 670 µL/kg dose of Aloe vera and honey solution daily, and the CW group – tumour‐bearing rats which received only a 0.9% NaCl solution. The effect of Aloe vera and honey against tumour growth was observed through a decrease in relative weight (%) and Ki67‐LI in tumours from the WA group compared with those from the CW group. The Bax/Bcl‐2 ratio increased in tumours from the WA group at all tested timepoints. These data suggest Aloe vera and honey can modulate tumour growth by reducing cell proliferation and increasing apoptosis susceptibility. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Present Neuropsychological Status of Subjects Implanted with Auditory Prostheses

To assess the subject's cognitive and conceptual function, an extensive battery of neuropsychological tests were administered to each subject. Of the 13 subjects, 11 showed normal to superior cognitive and conceptual abilities; however, two of the subjects presented evidence of impaired cognitive and conceptual functioning. Subjects with right-ear implants showed asymmetry in the measures of peripheral flicker-fusion thresholds.
Observational paradoxes in extragalactic astronomy.

According to the present astronomical picture of the universe, all the galaxies condensed out of a diffuse medium about 1010 years ago. This picture arises out of the general belief that we live in an expanding universe. Extrapolating backward in time, it is inferred that the galaxies were all compressed at a beginning epoch into some sort of hot, gaseous medium.
The reliability of laryngoscope lights

The aim of this study is to compare the brightness of laryngoscope light between instruments, and the variability within the same instrument. A secondary aim is to compare the light from a reusable laryngoscope with a single use design. Testing equipment was constructed which provided a qualitative measure of light output from laryngoscopes. Anaesthetists assessed the minimum acceptable brightness for intubation using the intubating mannikin and a variable brightness laryngoscope. Laryngoscopes in anaesthetic rooms around the hospital were then tested repeatedly, and the results were compared to the anaesthetists' opinions. There was considerable intersubject and intrasubject variation in the reusable design, often failing to satisfy the minimum brightness. The single use blades were found to be brighter and more reliable than reusable blades.