Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The Effect of Crude Extract of Pandanus conoideus Lamb. var. Yellow Fruit on Apoptotic Expression of the Breast Cancer Cell Line (T47D)

A mechanism controlling a growing cancer cells is by a programmed cell death (apoptosis). The wildtype-p53 enable to stop cleaves that follow DNA repair or cell death (apoptosis). The mutation of wt-p53 caused loosing its ability to inhibit cancer cells proliferation. Healing methods like surgery, radiation, immunotherapy and chemotherapy still have some weaknesses, and clinical medicine to cancer is also still has any dissatisfactory. Much of chemotherapy was not given optimal result yet, because no specific action to cancer cells only, but also to the normal cells. These problems encourage important effort to find specific and sensitive anticancer. Empirical evidence indicates that the crude extract of Pandanus conoideus Lamb var. yellow fruit has potential effect as an anticancer. Method of Freshney was used in growing T47D cell line, counting cells was done by direct counting, and apoptotic evaluation was done by TUNEL enzymatic labeling assay. The results of the research demonstrated that the LC50 of yellow fruit extract are 0.25 μL/mL. The percentage of apoptotic of 0.125 μL/mL, 0.0625 μL/mL, and 0.03125 μL/mL are 34.38±2.26, 30.03±3.87 and 21.07±1.14 respectively. © 2009 Biodiversitas, Journal of Biological Diversity
The conservation status of the Galápagos marine iguanas, Amblyrhynchus cristatus : a molecular perspective

Traditionally, conservation management focuses efforts on taxonomic units. However, when the taxa used do not reflect biologically meaningful units, such methods should be reconsidered to avoid the loss of irreplaceable biodiversity. The Galapagos marine iguana ( Amblyrhynchus cristatus ) is listed as Vulnerable on the IUCN Red List of Threatened Species and is facing growing anthropogenic threats. Currently, management is based on a taxonomy which is questionable in the light of recent molecular data. As such, there is a danger that evolutionarily significant populations may be left vulnerable to extirpation. Herein, we apply molecular data to elucidate the population structure of this species across the Galapagos archipelago, and thus advise conservation management in the absence of a revised taxonomy. Applying a wealth of molecular data including 12 microsatellite loci and 1181 bp of the mitochondrial control region in over 1200 individuals, we delineate distinct populations and prioritize their management. Bayesian population structure analysis revealed 10 distinct population clusters, which we propose as management units (MUs). All MUs are significantly differentiated, with one unit on San Cristobal Island being particularly distinct in terms of both microsatellite loci and mitochondrial data. Based on estimates of the genetic effective population size (N e ), we find the MUs comprised of populations occurring on Floreana, Espanola, Marchena, and San Cristobal to be alarmingly small. In consideration of both N e and anthropogenic threats, we recommend that conservation practitioners focus efforts on Floreana and San Cristobal islands, and argue that better census size estimates of populations are urgently needed.
Grasses of the Tribe Hordeae as Hosts of the Hessian Fly

The possibility that grasses other than the grains may serve as alternate hosts of the hessian fly, Phytophaga destructor (Say), has been the subject of speculation for many years. Early investigators found infestations of puparia believed to be those of the hessian fly on species of Agropyron, Elymus, Phleum (timothy), Agrostis and Bromus (Tyler 1797, Fletcher 1898, Webster 1915). Noble (1931) was the first to prove that the true hessian fly could complete its development on Agropyron repens and Elymus canadensis although not so readily as on wheat. It has been shown also that many species of Hordeum and Aegilops may serve as hosts of the hessian fly (Jones 1936, 1938).
Traders’ Perceptions and Acceptability on Use of Linings for Improving Tomato Packaging in Wooden Crates

ABSTRACT In Tanzania, tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L) postharvest losses are high due to perishability, lack of awareness and knowledge of postharvest handling techniques, and use of poor packaging materials. Reduction of the current high postharvest losses of tomato can contribute to ensuring food security and improving livelihoods of smallholder producers. Wooden crates serve as a major means of packaging material for transporting tomatoes in most parts of sub-Saharan Africa, including Tanzania. Wooden crates are tightly packed without being properly secured. Crates are often constructed from poor quality timber with rough interiors, resulting in bruising damage to tomatoes during transport. An assessment of how traders perceive postharvest handling practices with wooden crates combined with lining material and how tomato quality losses are affected was carried out in March–April 2014. Use of wooden crates with brown paper lining was more cost-effective at wholesaler and retailer levels. Wholesalers were willing to adopt wooden crates with brown paper lining provided that the net benefits are positive. Wholesalers were overly concerned that retailers would not buy wooden crates with paper lining because they can not visually appraise and evaluate produce through sides of crates for their marketing decisions. This may not necessarily be the case because most retailers buy tomatoes in packed plastic basins. There is a knowledge gap between wholesalers and retailers on acceptance of appropriate packaging materials. Proposed interventions that tend to maximize net benefits of the supply chain actors could reduce postharvest losses and make produce more available and affordable to consumers.
P324Circadian genes in the regulation of lipids in coronary artery disease

Background/Aims. Cholesterol takes part in atherogenesis and is therefore a crucial risk factor of coronary artery disease (CAD). Lipid metabolism is regulated by a number of genes, including circadian ones. Circadian genes participate in the regulation of vessel function and are associated with CAD, although their exact role in CAD pathogenesis remains unknown. The study was aimed to reveal the connection of circadian genes with various lipids of blood plasma. Methods. The study included Russian patients with CAD (N=250) confirmed by coronary angiography, and healthy donors without such lesions (N=137). All patients underwent thorough cardiologic examination due to suspected CAD. Genotyping of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) was performed using MALDI-TOF minisequencing. We analyzed CLOCK (rs1801260), PER1 (rs2735611), PER2 (rs2304672), CRY1 (rs8192440), NPAS2 (rs11123857, AGT-3 (rs699), AGT-4 (rs4762), AGTR (rs5186), LIPC4 (rs1800588), MTHFR (rs1801133), PAI (rs1799889), CRP (rs1205) and some other genes. Pink software was used to analyze the associations. Results. We have found significant associations of atherosclerotic lesion of coronary arteries with polymorphisms of CRY1 (rs8192440), AGT-3 (rs699), AGT-4 (rs4762), LIPC4 (rs1800588), MTHFR (rs1801133), CRP (rs1205) with p-value <0.05, and strongest association of total plasma cholesterol level with CLOCK (rs1801260) gene polymorphism (p=0.003); low density lipoprotein (LDL) level with CLOCK (rs1801260, p=0.0006), PAI (rs1799889, p=0.01), CRP (rs1205, p=0.003); very low density lipoprotein (VLDL) level with AGTR (rs5186, p=0.006). We produced decision tree from variants associated with different cholesterol fractions using coronary defense as outcome, and area under ROC curve is 0.67±0.1. Conclusions. The obtained data suggest a complex role of circadian genes in CAD pathogenesis in respect of their involvement in lipid metabolism. CLOCK gene is associated with LDL and total cholesterol, but not with CAD, and may therefore indirectly influence the process of coronary atherosclerosis. Other noncircadian genes that connected with various lipid fractions also do not seem to have significant association with coronary atherosclerosis. The exception is CRP (rs1205), which is associated both with CAD and lipids. This finding requires further study.
Inhibition of fungi polysaccharide on cucumber mosaic virus

【Objective】 This study aimed to filter out the polysaccharide with good inhibition on cucumber mosaic virus(CMV). 【Method】 In this paper,the half leaf method and pot experiment were respectively used to measure the inhibition effect of 10 polysaccharides on CMV and tobacco growth.The change of CMV concentration in tobacco and the field efficacy trials of C.verscicolor polysaccharide on CMV were measured by indirect ELISA and disease index,respectively. 【Result】 Fungi polysaccharides of different concentrations all had certain inhibition on CMV.The inhibition effect was improved as the increase of concentration.In different treatments,the prevention effect was the best,followed by deactivating effect.The C.verscicolor polysaccharide of 1 000 mg/L had well preventing effect(79.83%) on CMV.It also promoted the growth of tobacco.Plant height,stem girth,fresh weight and leaf area were higher than CK by factors of 87.37%,48.28%,58.03% and 222.27%,respectively.After being treated by C.verscicolor polysaccharide,the CMV in the tobacco was decreased by 50.76%-89.96% compared to CK.The field efficacy trials indicated that the C.verscicolor polysaccharide had high control effect to CMV for a long time.The control effects at 7,14 and 21 d since spraying C.verscicolor polysaccharide were 74.30%,68.07% and 62.03%,respectively,which were better than ningnanmycin and virus A. 【Conclusion】 The C.verscicolor polysaccharide has well control efficiency on CMV and good application value.
Assessment of corneal optical quality following small incision lenticule extraction for myopia

Background The current evaluation of corneal optical quality after small incision lenticule extraction (SMILE) is based on the single factor, such as scattering, diffraction or aberration, and all of them are not comprehensive and objective methods.Modulation transfer function (MTF) and Strehl ratio (ST) are novel parameters of corneal optical quality, which can be used to assess the optical quality comprehensively. Objective This study was to evaluate the change of MTF and SR under the photopic and scotopic environment (3 mm and 6 mm pupil size, respectively) after SMILE procedure. Methods The study protocol was approved by Ethic Committee of Tianjin Eye Hospital, and written informed consent was obtained from each patient before any medical procedure.A series cases-observational study with self-control design was carried out.Sixty-three eyes of 32 myopia or myopic astigmatism patients who underwent SMILE surgery in Tianjin Eye Hospital were included from December 2013 to March 2014.The uncorrected visual acuity (UCVA), best corrected visual acuity (BCVA) (LogMAR), the effective index (postoperative UCVA/preoperative BCVA) and refractive diopter were examined, and the MTF, SR and root mean square (RMS) on the anterior corneal surface were measured under the 3 mm and 6 mm pupil size at different spatial frequencies (10, 20, 30, 40, 50 and 60 c/d) by Sirius anterior analyzer before surgery and 1 week, 1 month and 3 months after surgery, respectively. Results UCVA was ≥0.8 in 59, 62 and 63 eyes in 1 week, 1 month and 3 months after SMILE, with the percentage of 93.65%, 98.41% and 100%, and the effective index was 1.104±0.128, 1.126±0.145 and 1.158±0.208, respectively.The refractive diopter was normal in the eyes at postoperative 3 months.The MTFs of various spatial frequencies on the vertical and horizontal meridian under the 3 mm pupil size after SMILE were significantly higher than those before SMILE, while under the 6 mm pupil size, the MTFs were higher only on vertical meridian and 10, 20, 30 and 40 c/d, and there were not significant differences on the horizontal meridian (all at P<0.05). The SRs under the 3 mm and 6 mm pupil size showed increasing softly after surgery in comparison with before surgery, and the SRs were higher under the 3 mm pupil size than those under the 6 mm pupil size at various time points (all at P<0.05). There were not significant differences in RMS among different time points under both 3 mm pupil size and 6 mm pupil size (3 mm pupil size: F=1.348, P=0.184; 6 mm pupil size: F=1.990, P=0.137). Conclusions SMILE provides a great improvement in corneal optical quality for myopia or myopic astigmatism patients, which is more distinct in photopic condition than that in scotopic condition. Key words: Optical quality, corneal; Cornea surgery, laser; Lasers, excimer/therapeutic use; Myopia; Modulation transfer function; Strehl ratio; Small incision lenticule extraction
Identification of antioxidant peptides in cheddar cheese made with adjunct culture Lactobacillus casei ssp. casei 300

Cheddar cheese was prepared from cow milk with adjunct culture Lactobacillus casei ssp. casei 300 and antioxidant peptides (< 3kDa) were fractionated and purified on C 18 RP-HPLC column chromatography. The antioxidant activity of each RP-HPLC fraction was determined by ABTS (2,2'-azinobis-3-ethyl-benzothiazoline-6-sulphonic acid) radical assay method and expressed in terms of Trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity (TEAC) values (i.e. μmol of Trolox equivalence/ mg of the protein). The fraction exhibiting the highest antioxidant activity was rechromatographed on RP-HPLC to obtain a single peak, which was subjected to LC-MS/MS. Two milk protein derived peptides have been identified: VKEAMAPK (m/z 872.5048) matching f (98-105) of β-casein and HIQKEDVPSER (m/z 1336.7034) corresponding to α s1 -casein f (80-90). Synthetic peptides were prepared using these sequences. The DPPH (2, 2-Diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl) radical scavenging activity of synthetic peptide VKEAMAPK was comparable to commercial chemical antioxidants (BHA, t-BHQ, Ferulic acid), while it was slightly lower for synthetic peptide HIQKEDVPSER.
Role of MHC restriction in allogeneic immune responses to cancer

Cancer is a disease of genes, with a myriad of them showing altered expression, either contributing to the cause of cancer, or consequence of it. These changes in gene expression make many alterations in cell physiology like: - 1) self-sufficiency in growth signals, 2) insensitivity to anti-growth signals, 3) evasion of apoptosis, 4) limitless replicative potential, 5) sustained angiogenesis, and 6) tissue invasion and metastasis [1]. Oncogenesis, as a result of overactivity of growth factor receptors, cytokine receptors and oncoproteins, coordinates immune evasion [2]. Tumor cells display different antigens coupled with MHC I than the normal cells. Ideally our immune system employs a defense mechanism called ‘immunological surveillance’ to detect and destroy these cancer cells, a concept proposed by Elrich in 1909 [1, 2]. There are several mechanisms of escape from the immune surveillance like immunoselection of tumor antigen-negative variants, the downregulation of MHC class I expression, suppressive T cells, and the elaboration of immunosuppressive cytokines and other factors [3]. Professional APCs are endowed with the ability of ‘cross presentation’ i.e., presentation of antigens on MHC class I molecules. Cross presentation can either lead to tolerance or to immunity. If antigens are obtained themselves alone, it leads to tolerance. If antigens are acquired with immunostimulatory signals, it leads to immunity. The phenomenon of cross presentation is essential for development of immunity to tumors [4]. Immunotherapy has long been viewed as an alternative to overcome the serious side effects of treatments like chemotherapy and radiotherapy. The immune system has the potential to either promote or delay tumor onset and progression, the effectiveness of immune surveillance and the efficacy of immunotherapy depend on the balance between these diametric opposites. In leukemia one treatment option is replacing the bone marrow. Often bone marrow infused from allogeneic donor to the patient induces a beneneficial graft vs leukaemia or to say in general graft vs tumor effect In this review we are exploring strategies, in context of MHC restriction to contain this graft vs host disease and at the same time retain a sustained anti- tumor[here mainly anti-leukemia] effect. Further the use of this principle in conjunction with immunobiotechnology approaches like siRNA and allogeneic therapeutic vaccines can be extended to solid tumors.
Identification of Eoreuma loftini (Dyar) (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) in Texas, 1980: Forerunner for Other Sugarcane Boring Pest Immigrants from Mexico?

Eoreuma loftini (Oyar) was intercepted from Mexico regularly at ports of entry in the Lower Rio Grande Valley of Texas (LRGV) about 10 years before its identification in LRGV plant hosts. E. loftini appears to have migrated from western Mexico to eastern Mexico before entering Texas. Interceptions were primarily from sugarcane during late fall and winter months when sugarcane is highest in sugar content. Corn, sorghum, and wild grasses were other intercepted hosts. Two other Pyralid sugarcane pests in Mexico, Diatraea considerata Heinrich and D. magnifactella Oyar, appear to be following a similar pattern. Both have been intercepted at LRGV ports of entry since 1980. Sites of origin of intercepted hosts suggest that both species have had the opportunity to establish in northern Tamaulipas, Mexico, bordering the LRGV. Intercepted host plants and seasonal interception patterns are similar to those of E loftini . Research on these species in Mexico is suggested.
The Research on the Preservation Effect of Peach Fruit by Clove Essential Oil Microcapsule

Packing peach with corrugated boxes combined with clove essential oil microcapsule and PE film,Test the good fruit rate,sensory evaluation,the decay rate,weight loss rate,hardness,the soluble solid content,vitamin C content,protein content,titratable acid content and other physical and chemical indicators of peaches during storage,evaluation the preservation effect of peach. The results showed that,The best freshkeeping effect on peach is by use 6. 5g clove essential oil microcapsule in corrugated box combined with PE film,on the thirteenth day,good fruit rate still reached 80%,the preservation period may be extended for 5 ~ 6days.
EFFECTS OF PAST AND FUTURE MOTOR EVENTS ON PRESENT MOTOR STABILITY, AND RELATIONSHIPS WITH MOTOR AND COGNITIVE FLEXIBILITY

Author: Tillman, Mitchell, A. MS Institution: Purdue University Degree Received: May 2019 Title: Effects of Past and Future Motor Events on Present Motor Stability, and Relationships with Motor and Cognitive Flexibility Committee Chair: Dr. Satyajit Ambike Stability of motor performance is important for voluntary movement control, but it should not be maximized to the exclusion of all else. To transition to a new task, the current task must be destabilized. When expecting to switch tasks, people are known to reduce their stability prior to initiating the change. Here, we determine if the observed stability modulation is influenced by the expectation of future movement, is a relic of the movements performed in the recent past or is a consequence of both those processes. Furthermore, this work explores the relation between stability modulation observed in isometric finger force production tasks to cognitive flexibility and clinical measures of manual dexterity. Stability modulation can be viewed as a motor response to the recognition of altered environmental demands or internally generated desires to change body movements or postures. Therefore, it is hypothesized that cognitive flexibility – the efficacy of cognitive processing – will relate to stability modulation. Finally, it is hypothesized that the motor adjustments in response to changing task/environment demands will correlate with clinical tests of manual dexterity that involve placing pegs into holes. Twenty-two young-adult participants (age 21.05 ± 0.44 years) completed tasks in the three domains. The Grooved Pegboard and NIH 9-Hole tests of manual dexterity measured their manual function by time to complete the tests. Cognitive flexibility was measured by a task-switching task which required adjusting to a changing set of rules, and the reaction time and accuracy costs of
Spatial Structure Relationship in a Forest Insect System: Simulation Models and Analysis

This paper analyses relationships among dispersal, spatial heterogeneity, and local ecological processes in the spruce budworm (Choristoneura fumiferana Clem.) - boreal forest system of eastern North America. A range of simulation and topological models are developed to reflect various hyotheses concerning those relationships. Model predictions are treated as guides to effective experimental design and efficient allocation of research priorities, rather than as ends in themselves. The analysis demonstrates the shortcomings of studies treating either dispersal or local processes alone, and argues instead for an integrated approach to spatial structure research in population ecology.
Functional and binding characterization of a single chain Fv antibody to abscisic acid and conjugated abscisic acid

ABSTRACT In the present research, we studied the binding characterization of a single chain fragment variable (scFv) antibody S12B8 with abscisic acid (ABA) and conjugated ABA by competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and in silico molecular docking. The nucleotide sequences of variable light (VL) and variable heavy (VH) were obtained from hybridoma cells (F12B8), which secrete monoclonal antibodies recognizing ABA and conjugated ABA. And then the genes of VL and VH were constructed to a scFvS12B8 with a nucleotide sequence of a flexible linker (G4S)3 by splicing overlap extension PCR (SOE-PCR). The fragment of S12B8 was cloned into pMAL-c2x with a maltose binding protein tag and expressed in Escherichia coli with a calculated molecular mass of 68 kDa. The results of ELISA showed dose-dependent inhibition of the purified recombinant protein S12B8 by ABA, (ABA-ME) and ABA glucose ester tetra acetyl (ABAGE tetra acetyl). The detection limits (10% inhibition) of ABA, ABA-ME and ABAGE tetra acetyl were 19.71, 8.06 and 3.95 μg/ml, respectively. On the other hand, we investigated the interactions between S12B8 and ligands by homology modeling using RosettaAntibody and molecular docking by Discovery studio 2.5 (DS 2.5). The binding energy of ABA, ABA-ME and ABAGE when fused to the S12B8 antibody was −37.1, −69.6 and −112.0 kcal/mol, respectively, which agreed well with our competitive ELSIA results.
Varietal evaluation of some important nutritional constituents in onion ( Allium cepa L.) genotypes

Total 44 onion genotypes were analysed for total soluble solids, dry matter content, pyruvic acid, calcium, fibre, magnesium and vitamin C. The TSS range observed was 8.36 o Brix (OG-42) to 22.60 o Brix (OG-3), dry matter content ranged from 14.61 percent (OG-23) to 22.50 per cent (OG-13), pyruvic acid was 4.15 μmoles/g (OG-24) to 6.10 μmoles/g (OG-3). The maximum calcium content was recorded in genotype OG-28 (20.86 mg/100 g), fibre ranged from 8.00 mg/100g (OG-17) to 28.33 mg/100 g (OG-44),Amount of magnesium is ranged from 0.46 mg/ 100g (OG-17) to 6.23 mg/ 100 g (OG-2) and vitamin. C content ranged from 57.00 mg/100g in OG5 to 95.93 mg/100g (OG-3).