Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
ANÁLISE NUMÉRICA DE RISERS UTILIZANDO UM MODELO DE CABO INEXTENSÍVEL

Resumo. Propoe-se um modelo simples e eficiente para a analise estatica de risers com o objetivo de determinar a geometria e os esforcos atuantes. O modelo proposto considera que o riser se comporta como um cabo inextensivel, de rigidez axial infinita e rigidez a flexao aula, submetido a cargas estaticas verticais (peso e empuxo) e de corrente, alem do movimento da unidade flutuante. As forcas de corrente sao calculadas utilizando as equacoes de Morison. As equacoes diferenciais que governam o comportamento do problema sao obtidas considerando o equilibrio de um segmento diferencial de riser. As condicoes de contorno do riser sao prescritas em dois pontos diferentes (conexao e âncora), resultando em um Problema de Valor de Contorno (PVC). Este PVC e resolvido utilizando o Metodo do Tiro Shooting Method), no qual o Problema de Valor Inicial (PVI) associado e resolvido utilizando o Metodo de Runge-Kutta de 4o a ordem. O sistema de equacoes nao lineares resultante e resolvido pelo Metodo de Newton-Raphson com busca linear, de maneira a garantir a convergencia global do metodo. O modelo foi implementado computacionalmente e utilizado na analise risers em diversas configuracoes e excelentes resultados foram obtidos quando comparados com elementos finitos. Palavras-chave: Risers, Analise numerica, Analise estrutural
Relevant components in critical random Boolean networks

Random Boolean networks (RBNs) were introduced in 1969 by Kauffman as a model for gene regulation. By combining analytical arguments and efficient numerical simulations, we evaluate the properties of relevant components of critical RBNs independently of update scheme. As known from previous study, the number of relevant components grows logarithmically with network size. We find that in most networks all relevant nodes with more than one relevant input sit in the same component, while all other relevant components are simple loops. As the proportion of nonfrozen nodes with two relevant inputs increases, the number of relevant components decreases and the size and complexity of the largest complex component grows. We evaluate the probability distribution of different types of complex components in an ensemble of networks and confirm that it becomes independent of network size in the limit of large network size. In this limit, we determine analytically the frequencies of occurrence of complex components with different topologies.
Symptoms and visceral perception in severe functional and organic dyspepsia

Background—Hypersensitivity of gastric afferent pathways may play an aetiological role in symptoms of functional dyspepsia. Aims—To determine whether patients with severe organic dyspepsia (associated with tissue irritation/injury) and those with functional dyspepsia (no detectable tissue irritation) differ in their perception of gastric distension and whether this difference is reflected in differences in their gastrointestinal and psychological symptoms. Methods—Perceptual thresholds, referral patterns, and gastrointestinal and psychological symptoms were compared in 23 patients with functional dyspepsia, 10 organic dyspeptics, and 15 healthy controls. Results—Fifteen (65%) functional dyspeptics and no organic dyspeptics had reduced perceptual thresholds for fullness, discomfort, or pain (odds ratio (OR) 19.56, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.95 to 476.09, p=0.0017). Either reduced perceptual thresholds or altered referral was found in 20 (87%) functional dyspeptics and four (20%) organic dyspeptics (OR 10.0, 95% CI 1.34 to 89.54, p=0.014). During sham distension fullness, discomfort and pain were reported by healthy controls, organic dyspeptics, and functional dyspeptics. A sham response of pain but no other sensation was more frequent among functional dyspeptics (43%) than healthy controls (7%) (OR 10.77, 95% CI 1.10 to 257.35, p=0.026). Gastrointestinal and psychological symptoms and gastric compliance were similar in the functional and organic groups. Conclusions—Alterations in the perception of gastric distension distinguishes between functional and organic dyspepsia, while symptoms do not. A total of 87% of functional dyspeptics studied had evidence of altered visceral afferent function. In this study population, psychological abnormalities or changes in compliance did not explain the findings.
Characteristics of Female Patients with Sexual Dysfunction Who Also Had A History of Blunt Perineal Trauma

Perineal trauma can occur in both genders, however, data supporting the relationship between sexual dysfunction and blunt perineal trauma in women is lacking. This study reviewed the patient characteristics of women with sexual dysfunction who also had a history of blunt perineal trauma. A neurogenic form of sexual dysfunction has been implicated, with primary complaints of orgasm disorder and abnormalities noted on genital sensory testing. Further research in this area is needed.
El capital humano como factor determinante de la absorción de conocimiento en la industria farmacéutica mexicana

La capacidad de absorcion, entendida como la apropiacion de conocimiento externo para mejorar la innovacion de las empresas cuando los determinantes internos son favorables, ha cobrado interes en la ultima decada a nivel mundial. El objetivo de la investigacion cuantitativa no experimental, transversal, correlacional-causal es evaluar la relacion existente entre la capacidad de absorcion potencial del conocimiento externo en sus dos dimensiones: adquirida y asimilada, con el capital humano, que es un determinante que la empresa posee. Llegando a la conclusion de que existe una relacion positiva y significativa entre el determinante interno capital humano y la capacidad de absorcion potencial.
Health effects among workers in sewage treatment plants.

OBJECTIVES: To further assess the presence of fatigue, symptoms of diarrhoea, and inflammation of airways among people working in sewage plants and the relation to airborne bacterial endotoxin at the workplace. METHODS: 34 Employees in sewage treatment plants and 35 controls were selected. They underwent a questionnaire investigation, and spirometry and airway responsiveness were measured. Measurements were made of airborne endotoxin at different workplaces. RESULTS: The amount of airborne endotoxin varied between 3.8 and 32,170 ng/m3. Workers reported significantly higher nose irritation, tiredness, and diarrhoea. Airway responsiveness was increased among sewage workers, but no differences between the groups were found for spirometry. CONCLUSIONS: The results confirm previous studies on the presence of airways and intestinal inflammation among workers in sewage treatment plants. The most likely causative agent is endotoxin, and at 14 of 23 workplaces, concentrations exceeded recommended guidelines.
Cloud-Resolving Model Simulations with One- and Two-Way Couplings via the Weak Temperature Gradient Approximation

A cloud-resolving model is modified to implement the weak temperature gradient approximation in order to simulate the interactions between tropical convection and the large-scale tropical circulation. The instantaneous domain-mean potential temperature is relaxed toward a reference profile obtained from a radiative‐convective equilibrium simulation of the cloud-resolving model. For homogeneous surface conditions, the model state at equilibrium is a large-scale circulation with its descending branch in the simulated column. This is similar to the equilibrium state found in some other studies, but not all. For this model, the development of such a circulation is insensitive to the relaxation profile and the initial conditions. Two columns of the cloud-resolving model are fully coupled by relaxing the instantaneous domain-mean potential temperature in both columns toward each other. This configuration is energetically closed in contrast to the reference-column configuration. No mean large-scale circulation develops over homogeneous surface conditions, regardless of the relative area of the two columns. The sensitivity to nonuniform surface conditions is similar to that obtainedin the reference-column configuration if the twosimulated columnshave very different areas, but it is markedly weaker for columns of comparable area. The weaker sensitivity can be understood as being a consequence of a formulation for which the energy budget is closed. The referencecolumn configuration has been used to study the convection in a local region under the influence of a largescale circulation. The extension to a two-column configuration is proposed as a methodology for studying the influence on local convection of changes in remote convection.
The LYR protein subunit NB4M/NDUFA6 of mitochondrial complex I anchors an acyl carrier protein and is essential for catalytic activity

Significance Complex I is the largest membrane protein complex of the respiratory chain. In addition to 14 central subunits conserved from bacteria to man, the mitochondrial enzyme comprises some 30 so-called accessory subunits of largely unknown structure and function. We show that accessory subunit NB4M [human ortholog NDUFA6, LYR motif containing protein 6 (LYRM6)], a member of the LYR protein superfamily, anchors an acyl carrier protein to complex I, thus forming a structurally well-defined subdomain essential for complex I activity. Our study offers structural insights into the functional interplay of several central and accessory subunits that seem to be specifically involved in controlling the catalytic activity of mitochondrial complex I. This also provides the structural basis for human complex I inactivation in HIV-linked LYRM6 deficiency. Mitochondrial complex I is the largest and most complicated enzyme of the oxidative phosphorylation system. It comprises a number of so-called accessory subunits of largely unknown structure and function. Here we studied subunit NB4M [NDUFA6, LYR motif containing protein 6 (LYRM6)], a member of the LYRM family of proteins. Chromosomal deletion of the corresponding gene in the yeast Yarrowia lipolytica caused concomitant loss of the mitochondrial acyl carrier protein subunit ACPM1 from the enzyme complex and paralyzed ubiquinone reductase activity. Exchanging the LYR motif and an associated conserved phenylalanine by alanines in subunit NB4M also abolished the activity and binding of subunit ACPM1. We show, by single-particle electron microscopy and structural modeling, that subunits NB4M and ACPM1 form a subdomain that protrudes from the peripheral arm in the vicinity of central subunit domains known to be involved in controlling the catalytic activity of complex I.
Neurobehavioral Outcomes of Mild Traumatic Brain Injury: A Mini Review

Traumatic brain injury outcomes can be classified as acute or chronic. Acute outcomes refer to injuries that occur immediately at the time of the injury and subsequent short-term consequences. Chronic outcomes refer to adverse outcomes that are more long-term. In mild traumatic brain injury, recovery from acute outcomes typically occurs very rapidly, i.e., within 2 weeks, with full recovery expected by 90 days. However, some 10%–15% individuals can remain symptomatic for much longer with an outcome termed post-concussive syndrome. This outcome is difficult to predict since there are very few rigorous, prospective studies of this syndrome.
Optimal stator slot design of inverter-fed induction motor in consideration of harmonic losses

This paper proposes optimal design method of stator slot for three-phase cage induction motor fed by six-step inverter output voltage by using proposed analysis method. The finite-element method (FEM) on one phase band stator periodic condition is coupled with harmonic equivalent circuit. Using the FEM, the stator slot is optimally designed and the result is presented. Stator core loss and copper loss including harmonic loss are reduced by the proposed optimum slot design method. The analysis result is verified by experimental measurement.
Optical Coherence Tomographic Assessment of Diabetic Macular Edema: Comparison with Fluorescein Angiographic and Clinical Findings

Purpose: To compare the optical coherence tomographic (OCT) features with clinical and fluorescein angiographic (FA) findings in patients with diabetic retinopathy. Methods: In a retrospective study ophthalmologic examination together with FA and OCT images were obtained from 195 eyes of 110 patients with different stages of diabetic retinopathy and OCT images were obtained from 40 eyes of 20 control subjects. Fluorescein leakage characteristics were organized into five groups: no leakage (1), focal (2), diffuse (3), combined focal + diffuse leakage (4) and cystoid (5). The Pearson correlation test was used to test the correlation between visual acuity and central foveal thickness and ANOVA was used for the statistical comparison between the groups. Results: The OCT images demonstrated retinal swelling in 66.1% of eyes, cystoid macular edema (CME) in 11.8% of eyes, serous foveal detachment + swelling in 6.2% of eyes, serous foveal detachment + swelling + CME in 3.6% of eyes and normal foveal structure in 12.3% of eyes. The best-corrected visual acuity was significantly correlated with central foveal thickness (r: –0.528, p < 0.01). There was 77% agreement between clinical examination and OCT results. CME was detected with OCT in 15.4% of eyes in our study, 40% of which was not detected with slit-lamp biomicroscopy and 63.3% of which was not evident in FA. None of the serous foveal detachments could be detected during slit-lamp biomicroscopy or FA. Conclusions: OCT-3 provided objective documentation of foveal structural changes in eyes with diabetic retinopathy. Best-corrected visual acuity provided a significant correlation with the retinal thickness at the central fovea. These results indicate that OCT can facilitate deciding on the treatment protocol (surgical or medical) and follow-up of diabetic patients, which is especially important in the early stages of diabetic maculopathy when the structural changes are not yet evident with slit-lamp biomicroscopy or angiographically.
Effect of the calcium antagonist, nifedipine, on ischemic retinal dysfunction.

The therapeutic effectiveness of calcium channel antagonists (CCA) in hypertension and angina are well established. More recently, CCAs have also been demonstrated to ameliorate neurologic dysfunction that often accompanies ischemia associated with subarachnoid hemorrhage and stroke. We have hypothesized that retinal degeneration associated with ischemia may also result from the accumulation of calcium intracellularly, so-called "Ca++ overload". To test this hypothesis, a rat model of acute retinal ischemia, produced by direct occlusion of posterior ciliary and central retinal arteries, was developed. The extent of retinal dysfunction induced by ischemia was evaluated by electroretinograms (ERGs). Occlusion of the retinal arteries resulted in the disappearance of both a- and b-waves during the occlusion period (30 minutes) in vehicle-treated rats. Total retinal ischemia did not produce any significant change in magnitude of ERG a-wave amplitude during three-hours of reperfusion. However, ERG b-waves amplitudes were significantly reduced by more than 60%. In rats, pretreatment with nifedipine (0.33 to 3.3 mg/kg, i.p.) 30 minutes prior to the occlusion of the retinal vessels produced a significant dose-dependent increase in the recovery of b-wave amplitude when compared to vehicle-treated rats. These data support the idea that "Ca++ overload", resulting from the deregulation of intracellular Ca++ homeostasis, is a primary factor involved in ischemic retinal degeneration and that CCAs can protect the retina from ischemic damage.
Small aggregates can cause nitrite accumulation in one-stage partial nitritation and anammox

Aerobic and anoxic ammonium-oxidizing bacteria (AerAOB and AnAOB) cooperate in partial nitritation/anammox systems to remove ammonium from wastewater. In this process, nitrite accumulation is not desirable, since it decreases the nitrogen removal rate and since it can potentially inhibit the AnAOB. This study addressed several aspects of the microbial aggregate size for three independent types of suspended biomass, designated ‘A’, ‘B’ and ‘C’, for the first time including biomass from pilotand full-scale applications. Firstly, the AerAOB and AnAOB abundance and the activity balance were quantified for the different aggregate sizes, separated in up to six size classes. Secondly, aggregate morphology, size distribution and architecture were examined. In all systems, the AerAOB abundance was highest in small aggregates (25-80% AerAOB; 1-21% AnAOB), while the AnAOB abundance was highest in large aggregates (136% AerAOB; 22-85% AnAOB). A nitrite accumulation rate ratio (narr) was defined as the net aerobic nitrite production rate divided by the anoxic nitrite consumption rate. The smallest ‘A’, ‘B’ and ‘C’ aggregates were nitrite sources (narr > 1.7). Large ‘A’ and ‘C’ aggregates were granules capable of autonomous nitrogen removal (narr 0.61.1) with internal AnAOB zones surrounded by an AerAOB rim. Large ‘B’ aggregates were thin film-like nitrite sinks (narr < 0.5) in which AnAOB were not shielded by an AerAOB layer. Overall, no unique, optimal aggregate size distribution or aggregate architecture was required to obtain good nitrogen removal in the three independent partial nitritation/anammox systems. Yet, selecting for larger aggregates can be an effective measure to prevent nitrite accumulation.
A Preliminary Study on Connectivity and Perceived Values of Community Green Spaces

Green spaces in residential communities are important yet understudied features of the urban ecological system. While large urban parks and remnant wildlands in urban areas tend to receive public attention from conservation and management perspectives, less is known about the importance of spatial and ecological characteristics of the community-scale green space. This study investigates natural elements in four planned communities in the Phoenix metropolitan area, Arizona; two of which represent conventional types of neighborhoods and two which exemplify community development type with a proclaimed vision of sustainability. These distinct types of communities, which illustrate variations in age, location, open space type, and a cross-section of housing density, are compared with regard to landscape connectivity as a means of gauging the ecological condition for community sustainability. Using Geographical Information Systems and landscape connectivity indices, a community’s green space features were examined including size, physical connectedness, and ecological potential. Furthermore, a questionnaire survey was designed and implemented to examine the perceptional differences between the two types of community residents. The findings demonstrate that the green spaces in conventional communities are more physically connected than their counterparts, but the naturalness and ecological qualities manifested in the amount of the land that may serve as potential urban desert habitats were higher in the sustainable communities. The results of the survey indicated that the respondents inhabiting sustainable communities possess a higher level of satisfaction than the people in conventional types of communities. This is due mainly to the amount of easy access to, and the perceived ecological values of the green spaces in their neighborhoods and surrounding areas. The study concludes that careful community design with ecological consideration can help create sustainable communities which can benefit both site-scale ecosystems and perceived human well-being.
Accurate treatment of size distribution effects in polydisperse spray diffusion flames: multi-fluid modelling, computations and experiments

An Eulerian multi-fluid model is validated by comparison with experimental measurements in the test case of laminar spray counterflow diffusion flames. Special attention is devoted, both from the modelling and experimental point of view, to the treatment of the droplet distribution tail, characterized by the rare occurrence of relatively large droplets carrying a non-negligible amount of mass. The Eulerian multi-fluid approach is shown to capture the dynamics, evaporation and heating of the droplets with a limited number of sections and, thus, at a modest cost. This simplification will be essential for the use of multi-fluid methods in multi-dimensional problems.
Contrôle non destructif, détection, courbes ROC

Ce texte expose les notions de detection dans le cadre du controle non destructif lorsqu'applique aux contextes industriels. Si le modele " Hit/Miss " permet de traiter les donnees d'inspections de types binaires " detections/non detections ", le modele " Signal/Reponse " s'applique quant a lui aux donnees composees directement de retours sur le signal. Dans chacun des cas, la procedure d'estimation se decompose en deux etapes : modelisation appropriee aux donnees puis derivation de la POD. Nous examinons les pieges a eviter dans le cadre de l'utilisation de ces modeles. Nous justifions la necessite d'introduire la notion de probabilite de fausse alarme (PFA). Les courbes ROC se presenteront des lors comme un outil de visualisation de la performance intrinseque du capteur a dissocier bruit et signal. Nous en etudions les principales caracteristiques ainsi que les diverses methodes d'estimation. Concernant ce dernier point, on s'attarde particulierement sur les procedures autorisant la prise en compte d'une ou plusieurs covariable(s). Ces methodes permettent par exemple de mesurer l'impact de la grandeur caracteristique du defaut sur la performance et de se replacer ainsi dans un cadre plus proche de la problematique originelle. Nous etudions enfin les concepts de droites d'isoperformance et d'enveloppe convexe des courbes ROC (ROCCH) et leurs applications. Ces notions ont ete introduites de facon a prendre en compte des facteurs venant moduler l'appreciation de la performance globale d'un capteur. Les couts associes aux erreurs de detection et la frequence des defauts dans la population generale des pieces (prevalence) en sont de bons exemples.
Génération d'impulsions attosecondes sur miroir plasma à très haute cadence

La focalisation d'un laser intense sur une surface solide entraine l'ionisation presque complete du milieu, donnant lieu a la formation d'un plasma de densite plusieurs centaines de fois superieure a la densite critique. La dynamique collective des electrons du plasma est alors dictee par l'action du champ laser, et peut donner lieu a l'emission d'un train d'impulsions XUV de duree attoseconde. Les motivations de ce travail de these sont les suivantes : demontrer que l'on peut, en controlant tir a tir la forme exacte du champ electrique du laser, guider de facon reproductible la dynamique des electrons du plasma avec une precision attoseconde, et par consequent la structure temporelle du train d'impulsions attosecondes genere. Pour realiser cette experience, nous avons tout d'abord mis en place un dispositif experimental d'interaction laser-solide au kHz, dimensionne pour assurer des conditions d'interaction parfaitement reproductible tir a tir. Une fois ce dispositif eprouve et les premieres harmoniques detectees, nous avons ensuite demontre, en observant le spectre de l'emission XUV, le controle attoseconde de la dynamique des electrons du plasma en utilisant la source laser de deux cycles optiques stabilisee en phase. Enfin, nous avons observe experimentalement, par la technique du phare attoseconde, le controle spatio-temporel par le champ laser du train d'impulsions attosecondes, donnant notamment lieu a la generation d'un groupe d'impulsions attosecondes isolees spatialement.