Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Haematological and Biochemical Responses of Juvenile Malabar Blood Snapper (Lutjanus malabaricus Bloch & Schneider, 1801) Exposed to Different Rearing Temperatures and Diets

This study is conducted to examine the impacts of different rearing temperature and diet variation on haematological and serum biochemical parameters on the juvenile Lutjanus malabaricus, a commercially important fish species in Malaysia. Fish (16-18 cm) were divided into eight treatments (4 temperatures × 2 diets) each with three replicates of five juveniles each. Fish were subjected to four different rearing temperatures (22, 26, 30 and 34°C) and fed with a commercial pellet and a natural shrimp diet. After 30 days of experimental period, blood samples were collected and transferred into two different tubes from each sample: One containing EDTA as an anticoagulant agent and the other without EDTA for serum collection. All the haematological and biochemical parameters in all the treatments were within the normal range. Changing temperature and diet led to a significant change (p<0.05) in the total length (TL), body weight (BW), red blood cell (RBC), haemoglobin (HB), haematocrit (HC), thrombocyte (TC) and white blood cell (WBC) but the change in mean corpuscular volume (MCV), mean cell haemoglobin (MCH) while mean cell haemoglobin concentration (MCHC) were not significant (p>0.05). The fish reared at 26°C and 30°C had significantly higher values than those reared at 22°C and 34°C (p<0.05). Total protein (TP), albumin (ALB), albumin/globin ration (A/G ratio), alkaline phosphatase (AP), aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alanine transaminase (ALT) level were also significantly increased at 30°C and 26°C compared to that of 34°C and 22°C. Globulin (GLB) level showed the opposite trend. In all the cases the performances were higher in shrimp diet than pellet diet. It is suggested that these physiological parameters can be conveniently employed as health monitoring tools in fish culture practices.
Prospecting technologies for photovoltaic solar energy: Overview of its technical‐commercial viability

There are many technologies that may emerge and eventually disappear over the years. This fact makes the monitoring of technological trends as well as the anticipation of the direction of technological change paramount. This article aims to carry out the prospection of technologies, focusing on its technical‐commercial viability, for solar photovoltaic energy. The research method had a qualititative‐quantitative approach with application of the Delphi technique. In the conduction of the Delphi technique, seven steps were followed, ranging from the selection of the specialists to the considerations of their opinions regarding the future of nine photovoltaic technologies. The results of the research indicate that in 2020, the cells monocrystalline, multicrystalline, and amorphous silicon; cadmium telluride; indium/copper selenide, indium, and gallium diselenide; and multicompound III‐V cells will have technical and commercial viability and that dye‐sensitized silicon nanowire and carbon nanostructure‐based cells will not be viable. For the year 2025, monocrystalline and multicrystalline silicon cells and those of multicompounds III‐V will still be technically and commercially viable. Silicon nanowire; amorphous silicon; cadmium telluride; indium/copper, selenium, and gallium diselenide dye‐sensitized cells; and organic photovoltaic cells, including those based on carbon nanostructure, may be viable. This study is important, because the technological prospecting of the photovoltaic cells determines the possible trajectories of these cells, in a way that helps the companies of the sector to anticipate the strategic scenarios, thus facilitating the decision making process.
Hyperuricemia and Gout

GOUT, OR GOUTY ARTHRITIS, IS A RELATIVELY COMMON METABOLIC disorder. It is characterized by a painful, inflammatory response to deposits of sodium urate crystals in the synovial fluid of the joints and surrounding tissue. This condition may also present as deposits of urate crystals in cartilage (i.e., tophi), interstitial renal disease, or kidney stones. Gout is a recognized complication of hyperuricemia. Hyperuricemia, or an excess of uric acid in the blood, is often asymptomatic and is 10 times more common than gout. It occurs when there is either reduced urate elimination or increased uric acid production. Uric acid is the end product of purine degradation in humans. Purines are found in all body tissues and originate from one of three sources: diet, nucleotide degradation, or de novo synthesis. At normal temperatures and pH, uric acid exists as urate ions in the blood and plasma and largely undergoes renal elimination. Less than one-third undergoes enzymatic degradation by bacteria in the colon. In the kidney, the glomerulus filters the uric acid before it passes to the proximal tubule and undergoes reabsorption and some secretion. Postsecretory reabsorption also occurs distal to the active secretion site. Most urate is reabsorbed, resulting in only 10% being excreted in the urine. The prevalence of gout varies but is thought to be approximately 0.28% in Europe and North America. Risk factors for gout include male gender, advanced age, obesity, regular consumption of alcohol or alcohol abuse, diabetes mellitus, hypertension, hyperlipidemia, atherosclerosis, and reduced kidney function. Estrogen is believed to promote uric acid excretion in the urine. This theory may explain why women rarely develop gout before menopause. More than 90% of patients with sustained hyperuricemia have defective renal clearance of uric acid. Urate excretion in gout patients may be reduced by as much as 40%. Notably, many diseases and conditions predispose patients to hyperuricemia and subsequently gout (Table 1). While treatment is not indicated for asymptomatic hyperuricemia, these patients are at risk of developing gout when uric acid levels continue to climb. Some medications can increase production or reduce elimination of uric acid (Table 2). Cytotoxic agents and glucocorticoids used to treat hematological malignancies (e.g., leukemia, lymphoma) can result in a high rate of cell death, purine degradation, and a higher than normal accuHyperuricemia and gout
Continuous preparation of flavour‐active acetate esters by direct biocatalytic esterification

Mycelium ‐ bound lipase(s) from Aspergillus oryzae catalysed direct esterification of isoamyl alcohol and cinnamyl alcohol with acetic acid in organic solvent, showing high stability towards substrates and products. Water produced during the esterification did not significantly affect the equilibrium of the reaction, allowing for high conversions. These features were exploited for preparing flavour ‐ active acetate esters (isoamyl and cinnamyl acetate) in batch and continuous systems. A continuous stirred tank membrane reactor (CST ‐ MR) was developed securing good reactor productivity and high biocatalyst stability.
Modulating interfacial charge distribution and compatibility boosts high energy density and discharge efficiency of polymer nanocomposites

Polymer nanocomposite dielectrics, composed of polymer matrices with high breakdown strength and nanofillers with high dielectric constant, can achieve outstanding energy density. However, the great difference of intrinsic surface properties between the polymer and nanofillers will lead to poor compatibility and thus damage the dielectric properties of the composites. Introducing a transition layer to the filler surface can effectively reduce the degree of mismatch. In this work, we use a “direct in situ polymerization” method to synthesize core–shell BaTiO3 nanoparticles (BTO_nps) with three types of stable and dense fluoro-polymer shells, e.g., poly(2,2,2-trifluoroethyl methacrylate) (PTFEMA), poly(2,2,3,4,4,4-hexafluorobutyl methacrylate) (PHFBMA), and poly(1H,1H,7H-dodecafluoroheptyl methacrylate) (PDFHMA), and individually disperse them into the poly(vinylidene fluoride-co-hexafluoro propylene) (P(VDF-HFP)) matrix. Benefitting from the good interaction between the fluorine-containing segments in the shell polymer and the matrix segments, the dispersion of core–shell BTO_nps and their compatibility with P(VDF-HFP) are improved, which leads to a significant improvement in the dielectric properties of the nanocomposites. The results show that BTO@PDFHMA/P(VDF-HFP) composite exhibits an ultrahigh energy density of 16.8 J cm−3 at 609 MV m−1 with particle loading amount of 15 wt%, compared to 11.5 J cm−3 at 492 MV m−1 for a conventional solution blended BTO/P(VDF-HFP) composite. Meanwhile, the discharge efficiency is enhanced from ∼62 to ∼78%. It is elucidated that the core–shell strategy can achieve improved particle dispersion and dielectric properties. We consider that this simple method can well achieve the preparation of core–shell structures in dielectric nanocomposites.
Influence of Movement Speed on Accuracy of Tracking Performance Following Stroke

[Purpose] The present study was designed to examine the effects of movement speed on tracking accuracy of patients with stroke. [Subjects] Thirty stroke patients (16 patients with right hemiparesis and 14 patients with left hemiparesis, mean age = 56.2 yrs, mean period after stroke = 19.2 months) volunteered to participate in the study. [Subjects and Methods] Participants were required to track a continuous sinusoidal signal with rhythmic 3rd metacarpophalangeal (MCP) joint flexion-extension movements. The oscillation frequency of the signal was set at 0.2 Hz or 0.4 Hz with a total of 12 cycles per trial. The sinusoidal tracking signal and the participant’s MCP motion signal were displayed overlapping together on a computer monitor. Participants performed 3 trials at each, 0.2 Hz and 0.4 Hz, frequency condition. [Result] Tracking accuracy was significantly less accurate under the slower 0.2 Hz condition when tracking the tracking signal with the paretic finger. [Conclusion] Participants were unable to efficiently track the external signal with the paretic side, suggesting that motor execution on the paretic side was significantly impaired. Moreover, the decline in the execution of the tracking movement with decreasing movement frequency might result from a failure of the feedback system to frequently update the impaired finger’s movements.
Modelling Drying Kinetics of Black Soldier Fly (Hermetia Illucens, L.) Larvae

Hermetia illucens (Black Soldier Fly) larvae (BSFL) have great potential as new protein source for either feed or food use due to the high content of protein and fat. BSFL may be used in different forms including dried with extended shelf life. Mathematical models describing dehydration kinetics are useful to optimize BSFL drying conditions. A non-stationary 3D diffusion model, given by Fick's Law was used to describe the moisture depletion inside BSFL during drying. The numerical solution of PDE was obtained with COMSOL Multiphysics assuming simple boundary conditions. Data were obtained in a drying experiment performed with fresh larvae uniformly laid on a metallic grid in a forced air oven at 80 °C. Five randomly larvae were periodically selected and removed for moisture content determination until equilibrium moisture was reached. A qualitative good agreement between predictions and data was observed corroborating that the main physical phenomena were considered in the mathematical description. A better quantitave description is expected with the improvement of the boundary condition at larvae surface in the model and the upgrading of the three-dimensional geometry used as domain for the numerical resolution.
Identification of Genuine and Adulterated Pinellia ternata by Mid-Infrared (MIR) and Near-Infrared (NIR) Spectroscopy with Partial Least Squares - Discriminant Analysis (PLS-DA)

Abstract Spectroscopy techniques are powerful tools for the rapid identification of traditional Chinese medicine because they provide chemical information with no sample preparation. In this study, a rapid and reliable approach was proposed to differentiate Pinellia ternata from adulterated P. ternata, processed P. ternata, and adulterated processed P. ternata by mid-infrared (MIR) and near-infrared (NIR) spectroscopy coupled with a partial least squares-discriminant analysis (PLS-DA) algorithm. One-hundred sixty-five batches of P. ternata, adulterated P. ternata, processed P. ternata, and adulterated processed P. ternata samples were collected and prepared. All of the samples were characterized by MIR and NIR spectra. The PLS-DA was first applied to build the discriminant model on the individual data matrices. Next, the data matrices coming from MIR and NIR spectra were fused at the low-level and mid-level, and PLS-DA models were built on the fused data. The classification accuracy, sensitivity, and specificity were calculated to evaluate the PLS-DA models. The results showed the use of mid-level fusion strategy, in particular, integrating latent variables from different spectral data matrices, allowed the correct discrimination of all samples in the training and testing sets. In the case of mid-level fusion with latent variables, the accuracy of the PLS-DA model was 100%, and the sensitivity and specificity of the PLS-DA model were all 1. The present discriminant model can be successful to differentiate P. ternata from adulterated P. ternata, processed P. ternata, and adulterated processed P. ternata. This study first provides a new path for the quality control of P. ternata.
Electrocatalytic reduction of N2 and nitrogen-incorporation process on dopant-free defect graphene

The electrochemical reduction of N2 to NH3 under ambient conditions is a promising N2 fixation method, which provides a new technical solution to remedy the limitations of the Haber–Bosch process. Defect engineering is considered an inspiring strategy for strong N2 activation. Herein, we demonstrate the reduction of N2 on dopant-free defect graphene, which was prepared via the molten salt method. Systematic experiments and density functional theory calculation revealed that the defect sites are the unique active sites for nitrogen adsorption and activation. The phenomenon of N incorporation into graphene using the product NH3 from the NRR as the N source has never been reported before. This was thoroughly studied in this study, and thus serves as a unique perspective to illustrate the significance of defect sites in activating N2.
Impact of Beverage Content on Health and the Kidneys

The last 50 years have witnessed an epidemic rise in obesity, diabetes, high blood pressure, and chronic kidney disease. Some animal research suggests the epidemic may in part be triggered by sugar. Sugar contains glucose and fructose, and studies suggest it is the fructose component that may have a role in chronic disease development. Animal studies indicate that fructose is distinct from other sugars by its ability to cause transient adenosine triphosphate (ATP) depletion in the cell with uric acid generation. The administration of fructose, or the raising of uric acid, can induce kidney disease and accelerate established kidney disease in animals. Therefore, we believe that the greatest risk from sugar is when it is given as a soft drink, as the rapidity of ingestion relates directly to the concentration of fructose that the cells are exposed to and hence govern the degree of ATP depletion and uric acid generation. Restricting sugar-sweetened beverages may be one strategy to combat obesity, diabetes, high blood pressure, and kidney disease, but human intervention studies are needed to support the theory.
Ammonia removal mechanism by the combination of air stripping and ultrasound as the function of pH

Ammonia removal mechanism by the combination of airstripping and ultrasound (AU) as the function of pH was investigated. The synergistic effects were observed for air stripping and ultrasound, which was obviously enhanced with the decrease in pH. Ammonia degradation and ammonia stripping were the ammonia removal pathways by AU. Ammonia degradation was the main ammonia removal pathway at the pH of lower than 8, but at a higher pH, ammonia stripping was the main pathway. Air stripping strengthens ammonia degradation by ultrasound in two ways of providing reactive radicals and more cavitation bubbles for pyrolysis. Ammonia degradation depended on the oxidation of radicals at a pH of lower than 8 and did on pyrolysis at a higher pH. Ultrasound also strengthens ammonia stripping by increasing mass transfer coefficient and accelerating the shift of the equilibrium of free ammonia and ammonium ions, which resulted in more strongly strengthening effect at a lower pH.
Thermomechanical, electronic and thermodynamic properties of ZnS cubic polymorphs: an ab initio investigation on the zinc-blende-rock-salt phase transition.

In the present work, an extensive and detailed theoretical investigation is reported on the thermomechanical, electronic and thermodynamic properties of zinc-blende (sphalerite, zb-ZnS) and rock-salt zinc sulfide (rs-ZnS) over a wide range of pressure, by means of ab initio Density Functional Theory, Gaussian type orbitals and the well known B3LYP functional. For the first time, vibrational frequencies, phonon dispersion relations, elasto-piezo-dielectric tensor, thermodynamic and thermomechanical properties of rs-ZnS were calculated with a consistent approach that allows a direct comparison with the low-pressure polymorph. Special attention was paid to the evaluation of the thermodynamic pressure-temperature stability of the mineral phases between 0-25 GPa and 0-800 K. The static (T = 0 K) bulk moduli of sphalerite and rock-salt ZnS were 72.63 (3) GPa and 84.39 (5) GPa, respectively. The phase transition in static conditions calculated from the equation of state was about 15.5 GPa, whereas the elastic constants data resulted in Ptrans = 14.6 GPa. At room temperature (300 K), the zb-rs transition occurs at 14.70 GPa and a negative Clapeyron slope (dP)/(dT) = 0.0023 was observed up to 800 K. The electronic band structure showed a direct band gap for zb-ZnS (Eg = 4.830 eV at equilibrium geometry), which became an indirect one by increasing pressure above 11 GPa. The results were found to be in good agreement with the available experimental and theoretical data, further extending the knowledge of important properties of zinc sulfide, in particular the thermomechanical ones of the rock-salt polymorph here extensively explored for the first time.
Expressions of Ki67 and CD44v6 in 62 Cases with Nasopharyngeal Cancer and its Significance

[Purpose] To investigate the expressions of Ki67 and CD44v6 in nasopharyngeal carcinoma(NPC) and their relationship. [Methods] The expressions of Ki67 and CD44v6 in 23 cases with chronic inflammatory nasopharyngeal mucosa and 62 cases with NPC(38 cases with lymph node metastasis) were detected by S-P immunohistochemistry. [Results] The positive rate of Ki67 in chronic inflammatory nasopharyngeal mucosa and NPC was 71.0% and 13.0% respectively(P0.05) . The positive rate of CD44v6 in chronic inflammatory nasopharyngeal mucosa and NPC was 77.4% and 17.4% respectively(P0.05) . The positive rate of Ki67 and CD44v6 in positive node group was higher than that in negative node group(84.2% vs 50.0%,89.4% vs 58.3%,P0.05) . There was a significant positive correlation between Ki67 and CD44v6(r=0.452,P0.05) . [Conclusion] The overexpressions of Ki67 and CD44v6 have synergistic effects on cell proliferation and metastasis in NPC.
OPEN INGUINAL HERNIA REPAIR BY MOSQUITO NET MESH: A FIVE YEARS RETROSPECTIVE STUDY

In inguinal hernia tension free hernioplasty using polypropylene mesh by Lichenstein and Schulman’s method is accepted all over the world. But cost of the mesh is a major contributor to the cost of repair in rural India. A retrospective study of 105 Inguinal hernia operated patients from 1st March 2007 to 30th October 2011 was undertaken to evaluate efficacy and cost benefit of Mosquito Net Mesh (MNM) as against conventional mesh repair. All patients were operated under spinal anaesthesia. The ETO sterilized MNM of size 7.5cm by 13cm was used for repair. The incidence of complications, recurrence and cost benefit was investigated after a mean follow up of 37 months. The rate of seroma formation (n=0), hematoma formation (n=0), superficial infection in the form of erythema (n=3), serous discharge after stitch removal (n=7), chronic pain (n=4) and recurrence (n=2) were low. The cost benefit was 40% 50% of the total cost of the repair by using MNM. ETO sterilized MNM forms a cheap, safe and efficient alternative to the conventional and costly polypropylene mesh in open tension free repair of inguinal hernia in adults.
Efficient Near‐Infrared Light‐Emitting Diodes based on In(Zn)As–In(Zn)P–GaP–ZnS Quantum Dots

Near‐infrared (NIR) lighting plays an increasingly important role in new facial recognition technologies and eye‐tracking devices, where covert and nonvisible illumination is needed. In particular, mobile or wearable gadgets that employ these technologies require electronic lighting components with ultrathin and flexible form factors that are currently unfulfilled by conventional GaAs‐based diodes. Colloidal quantum dots (QDs) and emerging perovskite light‐emitting diodes (LEDs) may fill this gap, but generally employ restricted heavy metals such as cadmium or lead. Here, a new NIR‐emitting diode based on heavy‐metal‐free In(Zn)As–In(Zn)P–GaP–ZnS quantum dots is reported. The quantum dots are prepared with a giant shell structure, enabled by a continuous injection synthesis approach, and display intense photoluminescence at 850 nm with a high quantum efficiency of 75%. A postsynthetic ligand exchange to a shorter‐chain 1‐mercapto‐6‐hexanol (MCH) affords the QDs with processability in polar solvents as well as an enhanced charge‐transport performance in electronic devices. Using solution‐processing methods, an ITO/ZnO/PEIE/QD/Poly‐TPD/MoO3/Al electroluminescent device is fabricated and a high external quantum efficiency of 4.6% and a maximum radiance of 8.2 W sr−1 m−2 are achieved. This represents a significant leap in performance for NIR devices employing a colloidal III–V semiconductor QD system, and may find significant applications in emerging consumer electronic products.
Relation Between Myocardial Blood Flow and the Severity of Coronary-Artery Stenosis

Comment: At rest (the condition during this study) metabolic demands of the myocardium will be the major determinant of blood flow. Thus the finding that, up to the limits of the coronary artery disease in the patients studied, basal flow was independent of degree of coronary artery stenosis is not surprising. To anesthetists, the study indicates how, in a situation in which myocardial oxygen demand is raised–tachycardia for example, a degree of stenosis that was sufficient for basal oxygen supply needs may be unable to provide flow requirements under the new conditions of oxygen supply and demand, hence the need for careful evaluation of the limited clinical evidence that most of us have of myocardial function during management of our cases. Clearly, few of us have the sophisticated tools used in this study. Only in some parts of the world is intraoperative echocardiography available. Many of us must rely on the relatively insensitive electrocardiogram or else try to avoid situations in patients with known coronary artery disease that we know increase myocardial oxygen demands. Finally, note that this study had to be limited to patients with single-vessel coronary artery disease only. Where there is multiple vessel disease, the situation is likely to be even more critical. On the other side of the coin is the reassurance that a major degree of vessel stenosis is needed before all coronary vasodilator capacity is lost.