Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
DiFFEREnTiaL anD anTaGOnisTiC EFFECTs OF PaLM TOCOTRiEnOLs anD OTHER PHYTOnUTRiEnTs ( carotenoids , squalene and coenzyme Q 10 ) On BREasT CanCER CELLs in vitro

Palm vitamin E, tocotrienols in particular, are known to exert great anti-cancer effects on a variety of cell types. In this study, the effects of palm vitamin E, carotenoids, squalene and coenzyme Q10 were studied on two human breast cancer cell lines. All compounds caused anti-proliferative effect in vitro but tocotrienols (compounds and isomers) were generally more potent. The results show that the anticancer effects of palm vitamin E were more pronounced when these were used on their own rather than in combination with other phytonutrients (carotenoids, squalene and coenzyme Q10). The palm phytonutrient complex, which contains all the tested phytonutrients did not appear to exert better antiproliferative effects compared to the individual compounds. Our results show that tocotrienols, as well as other phytonutrients (carotenoids, squalene and coenzyme Q10), have anti-proliferative effects on breast cancer cells but different and antagonistic mechanisms may be employed in combination.
Effect of ethanol extract of boiled breadfruit (Treculia Africana) seed on the oral glucose tolerance, lipid profile, and body weight of normoglycemic albino rats

Abstract The effect of ethanol extracts of boiled Treculia africana seed on the oral glucose tolerance (OGTT), lipid profile, and body weight of normoglycemic albino rats was determined. Fifteen male albino rats were used and were divided into three groups of five rats each. Groups 1 and 2 received 100 and 200 mg/kg of the extract, while group 3 (control group) received 1 ml/kg of normal saline. The experiment lasted for 28 days. The body weights of the rats were determined daily. OGTT was determined at week zero (before extract administration) and at weeks 2 and 4, respectively, following extract administration. Glycemic index (GI) of the extracts was calculated from the incremental area under the OGTT curve. The total cholesterol, high‐density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol, low‐density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol, and very‐low‐density lipoprotein (VLDL) cholesterol levels in the sera of the rats were determined using standard techniques. Atherogenic index (AI) and coronary risk index (CRI) of the rats were expressed as ratios of LDL cholesterol to HDL cholesterol and total cholesterol to HDL cholesterol, respectively. Following 2 weeks of the extract administration, the blood glucose for groups 1 and 2 rats declined to values ≤100 mg/dl after oral glucose loading. GI for the standard rat feeds and the extracts at 100 and 200 mg/kg by the second week of experimentation were 100, 114, and 96.09, respectively. GI for the extract at 100 mg/kg decreased to 103.63 at the 4th week, while that for the extract at 200 mg/kg increased to 98.07. The extract at 100 mg/kg increased the LDL cholesterol, AI, and CRI of the rats, suggesting that consumption of boiled African breadfruit may expose an individual to the risk of development of cardiovascular diseases. Finally, the study suggested that consumption of T. africana seed by a nondiabetic subject may have no effect on the glucose tolerance of the individual, while it will negatively impact on the glycemic status of a diabetic subject.
Energy Conservation via Hydrogen Cycling in the Methanogenic Archaeon Methanosarcina barkeri

ABSTRACT Energy conservation via hydrogen cycling, which generates proton motive force by intracellular H2 production coupled to extracellular consumption, has been controversial since it was first proposed in 1981. It was hypothesized that the methanogenic archaeon Methanosarcina barkeri is capable of energy conservation via H2 cycling, based on genetic data that suggest that H2 is a preferred, but nonessential, intermediate in the electron transport chain of this organism. Here, we characterize a series of hydrogenase mutants to provide direct evidence of H2 cycling. M. barkeri produces H2 during growth on methanol, a phenotype that is lost upon mutation of the cytoplasmic hydrogenase encoded by frhADGB, although low levels of H2, attributable to the Ech hydrogenase, accumulate during stationary phase. In contrast, mutations that conditionally inactivate the extracellular Vht hydrogenase are lethal when expression of the vhtGACD operon is repressed. Under these conditions, H2 accumulates, with concomitant cessation of methane production and subsequent cell lysis, suggesting that the inability to recapture extracellular H2 is responsible for the lethal phenotype. Consistent with this interpretation, double mutants that lack both Vht and Frh are viable. Thus, when intracellular hydrogen production is abrogated, loss of extracellular H2 consumption is no longer lethal. The common occurrence of both intracellular and extracellular hydrogenases in anaerobic microorganisms suggests that this unusual mechanism of energy conservation may be widespread in nature. IMPORTANCE ATP is required by all living organisms to facilitate essential endergonic reactions required for growth and maintenance. Although synthesis of ATP by substrate-level phosphorylation is widespread and significant, most ATP is made via the enzyme ATP synthase, which is energized by transmembrane chemiosmotic gradients. Therefore, establishing this gradient across the membrane is of central importance to sustaining life. Experimental validation of H2 cycling adds to a short list of mechanisms for generating a transmembrane electrochemical gradient that is likely to be widespread, especially among anaerobic microorganisms. IMPORTANCE ATP is required by all living organisms to facilitate essential endergonic reactions required for growth and maintenance. Although synthesis of ATP by substrate-level phosphorylation is widespread and significant, most ATP is made via the enzyme ATP synthase, which is energized by transmembrane chemiosmotic gradients. Therefore, establishing this gradient across the membrane is of central importance to sustaining life. Experimental validation of H2 cycling adds to a short list of mechanisms for generating a transmembrane electrochemical gradient that is likely to be widespread, especially among anaerobic microorganisms.
Lightweight Nanocomposite Sensor for in-situ Acquisition of Ultrasonic Waves and Its Application to Embeddable Structural Health Monitoring

Lightweight and resilient, a nano-engineered sensor was developed, coatable to engineering structures via a screen printing approach, for in-situ acquisition of ultrasonic waves for implementing guided ultrasonic wave (GUW)-based structural health monitoring (SHM). Carbon black (CB)/polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF)-based hybrid with various degrees of percolation were prepared, to fabricate the sensor. In an ultrasonic regime, GUW modulates the infrastructure of formed conductivity network of CB nanofillers with introduction of tunneling effect, and consequently changes the piezoresistivity manifested by the sensor. Morphological characterization, and static/dynamic electro-mechanical response tests were conducted to ascertain an optimal percolation threshold of the conductivity network. At the optimal threshold (~ 6.5 wt%), the sensor exhibits high-fidelity, fast-response, and highsensitivity to GUWs up to 400 kHz. Addressing an innovative sensing philosophy of “quasidispersed sensing”, the sensor presents a potential to strike a compromise between “sensing cost” and “sensing effectiveness”, well accommodating the needs from GUW-based SHM.
Disaggregating the Total Electrical Load in Residential Buildings : a Profile of the Required Solution

Renewed emphasis on the cost and environmental impacts of electricity are leading to a greater awareness for the need to measure and manage loads in buildings of all types. In this paper we focus on the residential buildings sector by looking at best available technologies for the commercial sector and discuss how they can be best applied to residences, by looking for effective solutions that can identify and track electricity use by the most important loads.
Developmental Processes in Peer Relations and Psychopathology

The repeated observation that measures of links between the peer system and the chilchildren's experiences with their agemates dren's current and subsequent level of adand measures of concurrent or subsequent justment. behavioral and/or affective maladjustment As a group, the papers are organized are interrelated has been a central motivator around the idea that the study of normal defor the extensive attention researchers have velopment and the study of risk and psychodirected toward the peer system during the pathology can be mutually enriching (Cicpast two decades. This literature regarding chetti & Cohen, 1995). This perspective peer relations and developmental outcome emphasizes the position that the links beand psychopathology is well known, having tween the study of normal developmental been reviewed and analyzed in two excellent processes and the study of risk and maladchapters written by Jeffrey Parker and his aptation are bidirectional (Cicchetti, 1984, colleagues (Parker & Asher, 1987; Parker, 1993; Sroufe, 1990). Indeed, the studies in Rubin, Price, & DeRosier, 1995). This prior this issue show that the origins of risk and research stands as the point of departure for resilience can be understood via a considerthe studies that comprise this Special Issue, ation of biological, psychological, and soThe goal of the studies included in this Issue cial phenomena that vary across a broadly was to take the research literature on peer defined normal range (Rutter & Garmezy, relations and maladjustment to a new level 1983). Specifically, in the current investigaof conceptual and empirical inquiry. In this tions, measures of peer relations based on regard, these studies represent the forefront theory and research regarding "normal" of current thinking and research on the processes within the peer domain are shown to be powerful antecedents, consequents, or modifiers of phenomena known to be indiThis work was supported by grants from the William cators of maladjustment and psychopatholT. Grant Foundation, the National Center on Child Q g y Qn t h e Q t h e r h a n d t h e s e s t u d j e s i m Abuse and Neglect, the National Institute of Mental . , „ . f ,. Health, the Social Sciences and Humanities Research t O t h e relevance of "nsk" research for the Council of Canada, the Spencer Foundation, and the understanding of normal developmental Spunk Fund, inc. processes. By identifying the processes and Address correspondence and reprint requests to: ciconstructs that underlie maladjustment, thcr Dante Cicchctti, Mt. Hope Family Center. 187 t h e s e s t u d i e s d i r e c t o u r a t t e n t i o n t 0 t h e s a_ Edinburgh Street, Rochester, NY 14608 or William M. , , , t . Bukowski.Concordia University. Department of Psyl i e n c e ° f Particular developmental prochology, 7141 rue Sherbrooke Ouest, Montreal, Quecesses from within the normal range. This bee H4B 1R6, Canada. concern with the bidirectional association
Abandoned Children Admitted to the Nursery of Lome (Togo): Place of HIV/AIDSInfection

The authors conducted a case-control study of 102 children with positive HIV serology out of 956 received and screened at admission at Sainte Claire Nursery (SCN) in Lome from 1st January 2000 to 31st December 2014 with the aim of to determine the social profile, the weight evolution and the fate of these children admitted in a difficult situation. The characteristics of this study are as follows: the seroprevalence rate was 10.7%; nearly three out of four children with positive serology (76.5%) on admission had been abandoned and admitted later than those with negative serology (79% vs. 57%); orphans accounted for only 17% and 5% were children of mothers who had a psychiatric illness. Among HIV-positive children followed up to 18 months (73.5%), their serology was negative between 7 and 14 months. Nineteen (19) remained HIV positive at 18 months were HIV positive. All children with negative serology and abandoned on admission were adopted before the age of 1 year against 25% of children with positive serology. Three-quarters (75%) of adoptions in the group of HIV positive children at admission and abandoned were done in Togo vs. 40% of children with negative serology. Children with positive serology arrived late at the SCN and significantly beyond one month (43% vs. 21%, p<0.001) and they were more often abandoned. This assumes that HIV status may be one of the reasons for the abandonment of these children by parents. Until there is sufficient evidence of the place of HIV in child abandonment, HIV/AIDS awareness campaigns should take into account data from this study especially in countries with high prevalence of HIV/AIDS.
Axial obliquity control on the greenhouse carbon budget through middle- to high-latitude reservoirs

Carbon sources and sinks are key components of the climate feedback system, yet their response to external forcing remains poorly constrained, particularly for past greenhouse climates. Carbon-isotope data indicate systematic, million-year-scale transfers of carbon between surface reservoirs during and immediately after the Late Cretaceous thermal maximum (peaking in the Cenomanian-Turonian, circa 97–91 million years, Myr, ago). Here we calibrate Albian to Campanian (108–72 Myr ago) high-resolution carbon isotope records with a refined chronology and demonstrate how net transfers between reservoirs are plausibly controlled by ~1 Myr changes in the amplitude of axial obliquity. The amplitude-modulating terms are absent from the frequency domain representation of insolation series and require a nonlinear, cumulative mechanism to become expressed in power spectra of isotope time series. Mass balance modeling suggests that the residence time of carbon in the ocean-atmosphere system is—by itself—insufficient to explain the Myr-scale variability. It is proposed that the astronomical control was imparted by a transient storage of organic matter or methane in quasi-stable reservoirs (wetlands, soils, marginal zones of marine euxinic strata, and potentially permafrost) that responded nonlinearly to obliquity-driven changes in high-latitude insolation and/or meridional insolation gradients. While these reservoirs are probably underrepresented in the geological record due to their quasi-stable character, they might have provided an important control on the dynamics and stability of the greenhouse climate.
Temporal variability of nutrients and chlorophyll a in the Boka Kotorska bay , eastern Adriatic Sea

The biomonitoring of aquatic life by traditional tools (qualitative indices) is more than 60 years old. These traditional tools are still developed and routinely used, particularly for the European WFD implementation which needs such cheap methodologies based on simple taxonomical identifications, and being likely shared by the greatest numbers of partners. More modern conceptual frameworks and functional methodologies were developed during the 1970s and 1980s, including production studies, but did not receive enough attention. The abuse of traditional concepts and methods leads to significant conceptual and methodological impoverishments in freshwater biomonitoring. A new multi-disciplinary ecohydrological approach, based on a functional conceptual framework (EASY concept, harmonization system), functional tools (functional traits, riverscape types), and a research management guidance, is proposed. Its development is discussed, demonstrating that it is possible to conciliate innovation and routine application, particularly when rehabilitation or restoration actions are planned.
Recent advances in understanding female gametophyte development

The haploid female gametophyte (embryo sac) is an essential reproductive unit of flowering plants, usually comprising four specialized cell types, including the female gametes (egg cell and central cell). The differentiation of these cells relies on spatial signals which pattern the gametophyte along a proximal-distal axis, but the molecular and genetic mechanisms by which cell identities are determined in the embryo sac have long been a mystery. Recent identification of key genes for cell fate specification and their relationship to hormonal signaling pathways that act on positional cues has provided new insights into these processes. A model for differentiation can be devised with egg cell fate as a default state of the female gametophyte and with other cell types specified by the action of spatially regulated factors. Cell-to-cell communication within the gametophyte is also important for maintaining cell identity as well as facilitating fertilization of the female gametes by the male gametes (sperm cells).
MODELING OF DIRECTIONAL OVERCURRENT RELAY IN DIGSILENT

Directional overcurrent relaying (67) refers to relaying that can use the phase relationship of voltage and current to determine direction to a fault. In this paper, directional overcurrent relay SPAS348C is introduced. At first structure of this relay is reviewed then with regard to characteristics of SPAS348C, this relay is modeled and this model is added to DigSILENT library. In this paper, one method was presented that in this method each relay can be modeled and applied in simulation project. Finally, we can apply this model to simulation of power system.
COMPARATIVE GEOMETRY OF CYTOMEMBRANES AND WATER-LIPID SYSTEMS

HAL is a multi-disciplinary open access archive for the deposit and dissemination of scientific research documents, whether they are published or not. The documents may come from teaching and research institutions in France or abroad, or from public or private research centers. L’archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire HAL, est destinée au dépôt et à la diffusion de documents scientifiques de niveau recherche, publiés ou non, émanant des établissements d’enseignement et de recherche français ou étrangers, des laboratoires publics ou privés. COMPARATIVE GEOMETRY OF CYTOMEMBRANES AND WATER-LIPID SYSTEMS Y. Bouligand
Determination of flow regimes for protection of in-river values in New Zealand : an overview

Waco Lake (Texas, U.S.A.) is a municipal water supply fed by largely agricultural watersheds and is characterized by poor water quality because of elevated nutrient concentrations. Watershed modeling is used to prioritize management options to reduce nutrient loading into the reservoir. A natural (pre-agricultural) system scenario of the dominant watershed resulted in 80% reduction of total phosphorus and 74% reduction of total nitrogen. Agricultural management, followed by dairy treatment fields (DTF), and then waste water treatment plants (WWTP) inflows are the largest contributors of nutrients into Waco Lake. Removing small flood control reservoirs (U.S. Soil Conservation Service PL-566 design) resulted in an 82% increase in total phosphorus and a 92% increase in total nitrogen, while the removal of other anthropogenic features resulted in decreased nutrient loading. PL-566 reservoirs store nutrients in the watershed, and are probably useful in pollution mitigation.
A Taylor Expansion Approach for Computing Structural Performance Variation From Population-Based Shape Data

Rapid advancement of sensor technologies and computing power has led to wide availability of massive populationbased shape data. In this paper, we present a Taylor expansion based method for computing structural performance variation over its shape population. The proposed method takes four steps: 1) learning the shape parameters and their probabilistic distributions through the statistical shape modeling; 2) deriving analytical sensitivity of structural performance over shape parameter; 3) approximating the explicit function relationship between the FE solution and the shape parameters through Taylor expansion; 4) computing the performance variation by the explicit function relationship. To overcome the potential inaccuracy of Taylor expansion for highly nonlinear problems, a multi-point Taylor expansion technique is proposed, where the parameter space is partitioned into different regions and multiple Taylor expansions are locally conducted. It works especially well when combined with the dimensional reduction of the principal component analysis in the statistical shape modeling. Numerical studies illustrates the accuracy and efficiency of this method.
What Has Welfare Reform Accomplished? Impacts on Welfare Participation, Employment, Income, Poverty, and Family Structure

This paper evaluates the effectiveness of recent welfare reforms, investigating the effects of both state-specific waivers in the early 1990s and the 1996 federal reform legislation. Unlike earlier work, we analyze a wide array of indicators, including welfare participation, labor market involvement, earnings, income and poverty, and family formation. While no single methodology is entirely satisfying, the results in this paper are convincing in part because they are consistent across alternative approaches. We find strong evidence that these policy changes reduced public assistance participation and increased family earnings. The result was a rise in total family income and a decline in poverty. The gains from the 1996 reforms were not as broadly distributed across the distribution of less-skilled women as were the effects of waivers. Waivers also increased labor market involvement among the less-skilled, but the 1996 reforms had little additional impact on work behavior after controlling for economic forces. These policies also appeared to have an impact on family structure.
M 67: a constraint on Z_s and/or on diffusive processes in stellar interiors.

The mass of the lowest mass star that has a convective core throughout the main-sequence phase is predicted to be a fairly sensitive function of Z (especially the CNO abundances). The ∼ 4 Gyr open cluster M 67 thus provides a constraint on Z (and the solar metals mix) because (i) it has the same metallicity as the Sun according to highresolution spectroscopy, and (ii) its turnoff stars have masses just above this lower mass limit. While isochrones computed for Z = 0.0165, assuming the Grevesse & Sauval (1998) heavy-element mixture, are able to reproduce the M 67 color-magnitude diagram satisfactorily, those for the solar abundances derived by M. Asplund et al. (implying Z = 0.0125) do not predict a gap near the turnoff where one is observed. These results suggest either that there is a problem with the solar metal abundances derived by Asplund et al. or that the neglect of diffusive processes in the present models is responsible for this difficulty. If the latter is the correct explanation, then M 67 provides an important constraint on the rates of diffusive processes in the deep interiors of stars.
Potential and Challenges in Use of Thermal Imaging for Humid Region Irrigation System Management

Thermal imaging has shown potential to assist with many aspects of irrigation management that include scheduling application of water and detecting leaking irrigation canals and delivery systems. There are particular challenges for use of thermal imaging for scheduling irrigation in humid subtropical climates, which include the need for fine delineation of canopy temperatures under low vapor pressure deficits, proper accounting for micrometeorological conditions, and altitude effects on canopy temperature represented at the camera. A review of pertinent issues involved in using thermal methods for sensing canopy temperature is presented that can be applied to the imaging problem. Altitude effects were demonstrated in a new field experiment, and multiple regression was used to indicate and model weather and altitude effects. The use of spatial statistics was shown to enhance the value of thermal imagery using sensor fusion. Thermal imagery was also useful in detecting leakage from irrigation systems in the context of overall irrigation system management.