Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Parallelization of the FFT on SO(3)

In this paper, a work-optimal parallelization of Kostelec and Rockmore's well-known fast Fourier transform and its inverse on the three-dimensional rotation group SO(3) is designed, implemented, and tested. To this end, the sequential algorithms are reviewed briefly first. In the subsequent design and implementation of the parallel algorithms, we use the well-known Forster (PCAM) method and the OpenMP standard. The parallelization itself is based on symmetries of the underlying basis functions and a geometric approach in which the resulting index range is transformed in such a way that distinct work packages can be distributed efficiently to the computation nodes. The benefit of the parallel algorithms in practice is demonstrated in a speedup- and efficiency-assessing benchmark test on a system with 64 cores. Here, for the first time, we present positive results for the full transforms for the both accuracy- and memory-critical bandwidth 512. Using all 64 available cores, the speedup for the largest considered bandwidths 128, 256, and 512 amounted to 29.57, 36.86, and 34.36 in the forward, and 24.57, 26.69, and 24.25 in the inverse transform, respectively.
The Migraine Premonitory Phase

PURPOSE OF REVIEW The premonitory phase of migraine is defined as the presence of nonpainful symptomatology occurring hours to days before the onset of headache. Symptoms can include neck stiffness, yawning, thirst, and increased frequency of micturition. Clinical recognition of these symptoms is important to ensure early and effective attack management. Further understanding of the clinical phenotype and neurobiological mediation of these symptoms is important in the advancement of therapeutics research in both acute and preventive treatments of migraine. RECENT FINDINGS Since 2014, functional imaging studies have been conducted during the premonitory stage of migraine and have provided novel insights into the early neurobiology and anatomy of the earliest stage of the migraine attack. These studies have shown early involvement of subcortical brain areas including the hypothalamus, substantia nigra, dorsal pons, and various limbic cortical areas, including the anterior cingulate cortex during the premonitory phase. More recent work has revealed altered hypothalamic-brainstem functional connectivity during migraine, which starts before the onset of pain. These exciting findings have provided functional correlation of the symptoms experienced by patients and changes seen on functional brain imaging. SUMMARY This article focuses on the prevalence, phenotype, and proposed neurobiology of premonitory symptomatology in migraineurs as well as the scope of future research.
Associations of Suicide Prevention Trainings with Practices and Confidence among Clinicians at Community Mental Health Centers.

OBJECTIVE This study examined whether (1) behavioral health providers were more likely to implement best practices when they were more confident in their abilities, (2) number of suicide prevention trainings was positively associated with perceived confidence in abilities and implementation of evidence-based practices, and (3) specific trainings were more impactful than others on increasing providers' level of confidence and/or practices. METHOD Providers (N = 137) at three rural community behavioral health centers who had opportunities to attend multiple suicide prevention trainings completed the Zero Suicide Workforce Survey, a measure to evaluate staff knowledge, practices, and confidence in caring for patients at risk of suicide. RESULTS There was a moderate association between provider's practice and confidence. The number of attended trainings had a significant correlation with both practice and confidence. Particular trainings demonstrated differential effects on provider's practice and confidence. CONCLUSION These results suggest that behavioral health providers who are confident in their skills in assessing and treating suicide risk are more likely incorporate best practices into their clinical work. Also, it appears there is a small but significant benefit to multiple trainings for increasing both practice and confidence among providers.
Der Einfluss von intravitrealem Aflibercept auf das retinale Gefäßkaliber bei Patienten mit diabetischem Makulaödem

Zusammenfassung Fragestellung Die diabetische Retinopathie ist durch eine gestörte retinale Gefäßautoregulation gekennzeichnet mit retinaler Hyperperfusion im Frühstadium und Kapillarausfall mit peripherer Ischämie im Spätstadium. Die initiale retinale Gefäßdilatation deutet auf eine Progression der Erkrankung hin und die anschließende Vasokonstriktion signalisiert einen proliferativen Zustand. In dieser Pilotstudie untersuchen wir den Einfluss des intravitrealen Aflibercepts auf den Durchmesser der retinalen Gefäße bei Patienten mit diabetischem Makulaödem. Methoden Zwölf Augen von 9 Patienten mit diabetischem Makulaödem wurden während der ersten 3 Monate der Behandlung mit Aflibercept untersucht. Es wurden das Kaliber der Netzhautarterien und -venen sowie das zentrale Netzhautarterien- und -venenäquivalent registriert. Das diabetische Makulaödem wurde im Verlauf der Behandlung mit dem Netzhautgefäßkaliber korreliert. Ergebnisse Die Behandlung mit Aflibercept führt zur signifikanten Reduktion des Durchmessers der Netzhautarterien sowie des zentralen Netzhautarterienäquivalents. Die Netzhautvenen zeigten zwar eine Vasokonstriktion, die aber keine Signifikanz erreichte. Es kam zudem zur signifikanten Reduktion des Makulaödems. Diese korrelierte aber nicht mit dem vaskulären Kaliber der Netzhaut. Schlussfolgerung Diese Pilotstudie zeigt zum ersten Mal, dass Aflibercept möglicherweise zur signifikanten Reduktion des retinalen arteriellen Gefäßkalibers führt. Ob diese Reaktion auf die intravitreale Anti-VEGF-Behandlung auch eine Verbesserung der retinalen Gefäßhomöostase widerspiegelt, muss in weiteren Studien verifiziert werden.
A 6-bit 1.3-GS/s Ping-Pong Domino-SAR ADC in 55-nm CMOS

This brief presents a 6-bit domino successive approximation register (SAR) analog-to-digital converter (ADC). The proposed domino-SAR ADC architecture provides high-speed domino operation and the offset immunity of SAR ADCs. The ping-pong operation enacts a master clock sampling scheme to achieve a sampling rate of 1.3 GHz. A prototype ADC chip was fabricated using a 55-nm CMOS technology. The chip consumes a total power of 3.5 mW from a 1.2-V power supply. The measured peak SNDR and SFDR are 33 and 48 dB, respectively. The peak effective number of bits is 5.2 bits, equivalent to the figure of merit of 73 fJ/conversion step.
Spectral Mixture Kernels with Time and Phase Delay Dependencies

Spectral Mixture (SM) kernels form a powerful class of kernels for Gaussian processes, capable to discover patterns, extrapolate, and model negative co-variances. In SM kernels, spectral mixture components are linearly combined to construct a final flexible kernel. As a consequence SM kernels does not explicitly model correlations between components and dependencies related to time and phase delays between components, because only the auto-convolution of base components are used. To address these drawbacks we introduce Generalized Convolution Spectral Mixture (GCSM) kernels. We incorporate time and phase delay into the base spectral mixture and use cross-convolution between a base component and the complex conjugate of another base component to construct a complex-valued and positive definite kernel representing correlations between base components. In this way the total number of components in GCSM becomes quadratic. We perform a thorough comparative experimental analysis of GCSM on synthetic and real-life datasets. Results indicate the beneficial effect of the extra features of GCSM. This is illustrated in the problem of forecasting the long range trend of a river flow to monitor environment evolution, where GCSM is capable of discovering correlated patterns that SM cannot and improving patterns recognition ability of SM.
Phenotypic Expression and Stability in a Large-Scale Field Study of Genetically Engineered Poplars Containing Sexual Containment Transgenes

Genetic engineering (GE) has the potential to help meet demand for forest products and ecological services. However, high research and development costs, market restrictions, and regulatory obstacles to performing field tests have severely limited the extent and duration of field research. There is a notable paucity of field studies of flowering GE trees due to the time frame required and regulatory constraints. Here we summarize our findings from field testing over 3,300 GE poplar trees and 948 transformation events in a single, 3.6 hectare field trial for seven growing seasons; this trial appears to be the largest field-based scientific study of GE forest trees in the world. The goal was to assess a diversity of approaches for obtaining bisexual sterility by modifying RNA expression or protein function of floral regulatory genes, including LEAFY, AGAMOUS, APETALA1, SHORT VEGETATIVE PHASE, and FLOWERING LOCUS T. Two female and one male clone were transformed with up to 23 different genetic constructs designed to obtain sterile flowers or delay onset of flowering. To prevent gene flow by pollen and facilitate regulatory approval, the test genotypes chosen were incompatible with native poplars in the area. We monitored tree survival, growth, floral onset, floral abundance, pollen production, seed formation and seed viability. Tree survival was above 95%, and variation in site conditions generally had a larger impact on vegetative performance and onset of flowering than did genetic constructs. Floral traits, when modified, were stable over three to five flowering seasons, and we successfully identified RNAi or overexpression constructs that either postponed floral onset or led to sterile flowers. There was an absence of detectable somaclonal variation; no trees were identified that showed vegetative or floral modifications that did not appear to be related to the transgene added. Surveys for seedling and sucker establishment both within and around the plantation identified small numbers of vegetative shoots (root sprouts) but no seedlings, indicative of a lack of establishment of trees via seeds in the area. Overall, this long term study showed that GE containment traits can be obtained which are effective, stable, and not associated with vegetative abnormalities or somaclonal variation.
Feasibility study of using the dispersion of surface acoustic wave impulse for viscoelasticity characterization in tissue mimicking phantoms

The aim of this study was to investigate the feasibility of utilizing the phase velocity dispersion of impulse surface acoustic wave (SAW) for viscoelasticity characterization of soft materials. The focused ultrasound transducer and the phase‐sensitive optical coherence tomography were applied as the impulse SAW inducer and tracker, respectively. Three types of liquid‐paraffin‐based cream‐in‐agar phantoms were tested. Phase velocity dispersion curve was extracted using a Fourier transform‐based phase velocity analysis algorithm. Viscoelastic parameters were obtained by fitting the dispersion curve of SAW into Rayleigh wave dispersion equation. The estimated viscoelasticity was compared with that from spherical indenter, ramp‐hold relaxation testing for validation. Both results show an increasing trend in the elasticity and decreasing trend in the viscosity with the concentration of liquid‐paraffin‐based cream increasing in the samples. The proposed method has the capability of evaluating the viscoelastic properties of homogeneous soft tissue. By combining viscoelastic parameters estimated from the proposed method, the dispersive SAW‐impulse‐based viscosity‐compensated elastography could be further developed.
Autologous haematopoietic stem cell transplantation (aHSCT) for severe resistant autoimmune and inflammatory diseases – a guide for the generalist

ABSTRACT Autologous haematopoietic stem cell transplantation (aHSCT) is commonly used for the treatment of haematological cancers, but is increasingly used in the treatment of patients severely affected by autoimmune diseases (ADs). In fact, ADs have become the fastest growing indication for aHSCT. A wide range of diseases have been treated, but the field has focused on three areas: multiple sclerosis, diffuse cutaneous systemic sclerosis and Crohn's disease, where there are populations of patients for whom disease control remains unsatisfactory despite the advent of biological and targeted small molecule therapies. Scientific studies of immune reconstitution have provided support for a ‘rebooting’ of the immune system through a re-diversification of naive and regulatory immune effector cells. In addition, there may be health economic benefits from a single one-off procedure. Even so, the treatment with aHSCT is intensive with a range of toxicities and risks which, despite being routine to transplant haematologists, are less familiar to disease specialists. Close collaboration between transplant haematologists and relevant disease specialists in patient selection, clinical management and follow-up is mandatory. Ideally, patients should be treated on a clinical trial if available.
Consensus Building Process in Group Decision Making—An Adaptive Procedure Based on Group Dynamics

In group decision making (GDM) problems, it is critical to arrive at an acceptable level of consensus in a group for a stable and implementable decision. This process is carried out by a moderator (either real or virtual) who advises the members to change their opinions in order to achieve higher consensus in the group. In this paper, we present an algorithm that maps the consensus evolution process of GDM based on interrelationships of members in the group. The members’ views are taken in linguistic form to incorporate qualitative aspects and vagueness, if any, in their judgment. The novelty of this work lies in the computation of shift in members’ opinions depending on their level of adoption of other ideas and support of their ideas in the group. The algorithm accounts for the relations among the members based on their earlier interactions in a network and support of their views contextual to a specific problem. The conditions governing the impact of level of adoption and support in the group are explicated using fuzzy if–then rules. The proposed algorithm converges after a finite number of iterations and maintains consistency in the members’ opinions throughout the process.
Elite male field hockey players have symmetric isokinetic glenohumeral strength profiles, but show asymmetry in scapular muscle strength

ABSTRACT Shoulders of elite field hockey players are loaded continuously during play. However, shoulder girdle muscle performance in this population has never been examined yet. This study aimed to compare isokinetic shoulder girdle performance in elite male field hockey players to matched controls, with respect to strength, endurance and muscle balance. The complete male national field hockey team of Belgium (n = 25) was included and matched to a gender- and age-matched control group of healthy participants (n = 25). A Biodex system-4 dynamometer was used to measure glenohumeral and scapular muscle strength at 2 velocities in a concentric/concentric mode. With the main outcome measures being isokinetic strength values, peak force (protraction-retraction), peak torque (rotations), fatigue index and agonist/antagonist ratio’s. Measurement results showed that elite male field hockey players were stronger than their matched controls, for both the rotational and the protraction-retraction movement. Concerning rotational strength, symmetrical findings were established, contrary to scapular strength, where side differences were noted. At low velocity, retraction peak force was higher on the dominant side. Protraction peak force was higher on the non-dominant side when measured at high velocity. In conclusion, elite field hockey players have a symmetrical rotational strength profile, in contrast to their scapular strength profile.
The Involvement of Aβ42 and Tau in Nucleolar and Protein Synthesis Machinery Dysfunction

Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is the most common form of dementia and is distinguished from other dementias by observation of extracellular Amyloid-β (Aβ) plaques and intracellular neurofibrillary tangles, comprised of fibrils of Aβ and tau protein, respectively. At early stages, AD is characterized by minimal neurodegeneration, oxidative stress, nucleolar stress, and altered protein synthesis machinery. It is generally believed that Aβ oligomers are the neurotoxic species and their levels in the AD brain correlate with the severity of dementia suggesting that they play a critical role in the pathogenesis of the disease. Here, we show that the incubation of differentiated human neuroblastoma cells (SHSY5Y) with freshly prepared Aβ42 oligomers initially resulted in oxidative stress and subtle nucleolar stress in the absence of DNA damage or cell death. The presence of exogenous Aβ oligomers resulted in altered nuclear tau levels as well as phosphorylation state, leading to altered distribution of nucleolar tau associated with nucleolar stress. These markers of cellular dysfunction worsen over time alongside a reduction in ribosomal RNA synthesis and processing, a decrease in global level of newly synthesized RNA and reduced protein synthesis. The interplay between Aβ and tau in AD remains intriguing and Aβ toxicity has been linked to tau phosphorylation and changes in localization. These findings provide evidence for the involvement of Aβ42 effects on nucleolar tau and protein synthesis machinery dysfunction in cultured cells. Protein synthesis dysfunction is observed in mild cognitive impairment and early AD in the absence of significant neuronal death.
Low-Sidelobe-Level Short Leaky-Wave Antenna Based on Single-Layer PCB-Based Substrate-Integrated Image Guide

A leaky-wave antenna array with a low sidelobe level (SLL) fed by the substrate-integrated image guide (SIIG) is proposed in this letter. First, the single-layer printed circuit board (PCB) technology is applied here to fabricate the SIIG. The technology not only reduces the fabrication complexity, but also avoids the air gap between the substrate and the metallic ground. A method is introduced here to reduce the additional loss of the single-layer PCB-based SIIG caused by the air holes on the metallic cladding in the perforated regions. As the waveguide wavelength of the SIIG is short, small element spacing can be realized by utilizing this kind of feeding line. Besides, metallic strips with an optimal length-to-width ratio placed on top of the SIIG are employed as radiation elements, which exhibit strong radiation abilities and large controllable range of the leakage constant. Considering these conditions, this type of antenna can realize a low-SLL characteristic within a short length and achieve high gain at the same time. An example antenna with the vertical polarization is designed and measured to validate the theory. A single-layer transition between a coaxial probe and the SIIG is also designed to excite the antenna. The measured gain of the antenna is 14.4 dBi at 13.6 GHz with −19.2 dB SLL, and the radiation efficiency is 84.5%, considering the insertion loss of the feeding line.
Changes in Within-Shoot Carbon Partitioning in Pinot Noir Grapevines Subjected to Early Basal Leaf Removal

Early leaf removal significantly alters the source-sink balance within grapevine shoots, leading to a reduction in fruit set. However, no research has previously examined the conditions controlling this process in terms of carbon allocation among major sink organs following defoliation. In this study, the impact of defoliation at bloom on the distribution dynamics of leaf assimilates among clusters and growing shoot apices was investigated on Vitis vinifera, cv. Pinot noir, grown in Michigan, a cool climate viticultural region. Three levels of defoliation: no leaves removed (LR-0); six leaves removed from six basal nodes (LR-6); and ten leaves removed from ten basal nodes (LR-10), were imposed at full bloom. A 13C pulsing was performed 1 week after the treatment application to the defoliated shoots. Single leaf gas exchange (Pn), diurnal changes of the leaf net CO2 assimilation rate, carbon distribution, fruit-set, yield, and fruit composition were measured. Higher Pn was recorded in diurnal measurements of gas exchange in leaf removal (LR) treatments compared to LR-0. The shoot apex of LR-10 experienced the highest 13C allocation (%) after 3 and 7 days following the carbon pulsing. LR-10 had lower percentage of 13C allocated to clusters, which decreased fruit set by 60%, compared to the control, and enhanced the concentration of phenolic compounds in fruit. Alteration of carbon portioning among shoot sink organs indicated that an increasing severity of leaf removal significantly reduced fruit set, and was linearly correlated to shoot apex sink strength, which occurred at the expense of the cluster.
Using the job demands-resources approach to assess employee well-being in healthcare

Purpose: The aim of this study is to advance a model to assess the overall level of well-being within healthcare organizations. Design/methodology/approach: The paper employs a job demands-resources approach by considering the multilevel model of employee well-being as theoretical framework, integrated with personal resources and health indicators. A specific case is built in the Italian context, with empirical data gathered from three Italian paediatric hospitals belonging to the same healthcare organizations. Findings: Results show that the job demand-resource model may well explain differences in the work environment, and that personality enables coping with negative effects of work environment settings. Originality/value. The paper contributes to extending the literature on well-being and the management of healthcare organizations, by providing interesting insights on the multilevel model of employee well-being. It also has interesting academic and practical implications, since it tries to put forward a model to assess employee well-being and provides an empirical application of a well-known theoretical model.