Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Inhibition of nucleation and crystallisation of kidney stone (calcium oxalate monohydrate) using Ammi Visnaga (khella) plant extract

Calcium oxalate monohydrate (COM) is the major constituent of kidney stones; it represents about 70% to 80% of all types of human urinary stones. Kidney stone patients are often given aqueous therapy of Ammi Visnaga plant in many Middle and Near Eastern countries. Ammi Visnaga is known in Egypt as (khella). The mode of action of khella as a kidney stone therapy is not well understood. Induction time was determined under different super saturations ranging from 1.63 to 4.51 ratios at 37°C using conductivity method. The results showed that, the induction time decreased exponentially with increasing super saturation ratio whereas the induction time was increased with addition of an aqueous Egyptian khella extract compared to without additive. The surface energy of COM was increased from 7.77 mJ/m2 to 9.14 mJ/m2 without and with extract addition, respectively. The nucleation rates at a super saturation ratio of 2.79 were 3.14 × 1029 nuclei/cm3.s and 1.54 × 1029 nuclei/cm3.s without and with additive, respectively. The number of molecules required for formation of stable nucleus was calculated depending on the super saturation ratios and the presence of khella extract. The crystallite sizes of the formed crystals without and with additive are 93 nm and 25 nm, respectively.
Physiological and molecular studies during the acquisition of longevity in soybean (Glycine max L. Merril) seeds

Soybean is one of the most important oil crop species usedfor food and feed as well as a range of industrial applications.However, producing highly vigorous seeds is a key leverto increase crop production effi ciency. Low physiologicalseed quality, which is more prone to occur under tropicalenvironment, leads to poor stand establishment and decreasedin yields. Seed longevity is the ability to survive the dry statefor prolonged periods of time and represents an importanttrait for seed quality. Here, the objective was to obtain insightsinto the mechanisms regulating the progressive acquisitionof longevity. Using Illumina high-throughput sequencing,RNA was sequenced from seven different stages duringthe acquisition of longevity, generating between 14 and 38million of reads.These reads were aligned to the Glycine maxWm82.a2. v1 gene model. Differentially expressed transcripts(DET) were correlated with the increase in seed longevity.Transcriptome and GO enrichment analyses of these DETrevealed a signifi cant over-representation of terms associatedwith response to stress and RNA processing and modifi cation.Photosynthesis biological process was related to low seedlongevity. HSF and several TF associated with biotic defense(WRKY3 and NLFX1) are candidate genes whose putative rolein seed longevity deserve further characterization. We alsoperformed the determination of the content of non-reducingsoluble sugars, and we observed that the accumulation ofnon-reducing soluble sugars are related to acquisition oflongevity but only the a
Variation in fruitfulness in a Douglas-fir seed orchard and its effect on crop-management decisions

Les variations phenotypiques et genetiques de la production de cones a graines sont etudiees pour 34 familles issues de pollinisation libre et 63 clones d'un verger a graines cotier de Pseudotsuga menziesii en Colombie britannique. La production de cones de chaque arbre a ete analysee sur une periode de 8 ans, avec comparaison entre les clones et les semis. Les effets de la production de cones par arbre ou classe genetique sur la recolte et les options d'amenagement sont etudies
Increased adipocyte differentiation may be mediated by extracellular calcium levels through effects on calreticulin and peroxisome proliferator activated receptor gamma expression in intramuscular stromal vascular cells isolated from Hanwoo beef cattle

Abstract Marbling is the intramuscular deposition of adipose tissue and is said to be directly associated with beef quality. Nutritional manipulations are a common practice among beef cattle producers in order to achieve better quality meat. The objective of the current study was to investigate the effects of increasing extracellular calcium on the differentiation of intramuscular stromal vascular cells (IM SVCs) isolated from Hanwoo beef cattle. Primary cell isolates of SVCs were differentiated for 14 days while exposed to increasing concentrations (1.8, 3.6, 7.2, 10.8 mM) of calcium in the media. The correlation between adipogenesis and calcium concentrations was determined through SVC differentiation monitored by RT-PCR, Western blot analysis for PPARγ, C/EBPα, calreticulin, FABP4 and GLUT4 expression. In addition, expression of both phospholipase C gamma (PLC-γ) and protein kinase C (PKC) were investigated since both have possible links to intracellular calcium increase and the expression of several adipogenic genes including FABP4 and GLUT4. Results of the current study provide evidence that stromal vascular cells exposed to the lower concentrations of extracellular calcium have higher rates of adipogenesis possibly due to a decrease in the expression of calreticulin, a known inhibitor of PPARγ expression, and PKC activation followed by PLC-γ activation, leading to the expression of adipogenic genes. Data derived from this study shows that in vitro, decreasing calcium levels present in the microenvironment of fat precursor cells lead to a higher percentage of adipogenesis.
IMPROVING THE BACTERIOLOGICAL QUALITY OF CHICKEN FRYERS1,2

Two commercial fryer processing operations were investigated to determine the bacteriological quality of the fryers during and after evisceration. Alterations of washing, rinsing, and chilling methods were made to reduce bacterial numbers on skin surfaces of fryers. Swab samples were collected from fryer skin surfaces at various points in the processes and from table surfaces. Total plate counts, psychrophile counts, and coliform counts were determined. Total plate counts provided the greatest amount of useful information. Coliform counts were not suitable indicators of bacteriological conditions in the evisceration process. The major sources of bacteria on the skin surface of chilled fryers were the skin of freshly picked fryers and contamination added during the transfer of carcasses from the picker to the evisceration line. Evisceration of the fryers did not add significant numbers of bacteria to the skin surface. Bacteria on the skin of freshly picked fryers were firmly affixed to the surface. They co.
Comparative effects of various organic acids on glucose flattening activity in rats fed a glucose solution

La capacite d'acides organiques varies a diminuer la reponse glycemique apres une #est etudiee chez le rat. Les animaux recevaient une solution glucosee additionnee ou non d'un des sept acides testes: acides acetique, lactique, succinique, malique, tartrique, ascorbique et citrique. On mesure le glucose ainsi que l'insuline plasmatique, le remplissage gastrique et le pH du contenu gastrique
Identification of probiotic lactic acid bacteria strains

: The identification of 5 probiotic strains of lactic acid bacteria has been conducted by the method of analysis of physiological properties, API-testing as well as by molecular-genetic methods. It has been confirmed that 4 strains belong to Lactobacillus plantarum, Enterococcus faecium and Streptococcus thermophilus species. S. thermophilus strain has been reidentified as E. durans. The importance of clear identification of microorganism species which is used in probiotics has been demonstrated.
Modelling immune reconstitution following paediatric haematopoietic stem cell transplantation and in HIV-infected children

Mechanistic mathematical modelling can be used to understand the fundamental drivers of the immune system and how the system is affected by medical interventions. Key to this understanding in children is the interplay between age and treatment-related effects. This thesis focusses on immune reconstitution following paediatric haematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) and following the start of antiretroviral therapy (ART) in children infected with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Since quantitative reconstitution is only one aspect of immune function, in the final chapter I develop a model to explore the dynamics of T cell receptor diversity. Following HSCT, reconstitution of neutrophils and platelets was modelled using a previous mechanistic model. For CD4 T cell reconstitution, a novel mechanistic model was constructed that included age-related changes in T cell dynamics, the delay to thymic output after HSCT and competition for resources. In HIV-infected children starting ART, a simplified previous model for CD4 T cell and HIV dynamics was adapted to include mechanistic elements for multi-phasic viral load decline, age-related changes in T cell dynamics and competition for resources. Using nonlinear mixed-effects modelling with these deterministic models allowed parameters to be estimated with the uneven and often sparse data available. The models were then used to find factors that affect reconstitution. The model for CD4 reconstitution following HSCT was then used to make verifiable predictions of reconstitution in a new cohort of paediatric patients. T cell receptor diversity dynamics were investigated with a stochastic model in which all T cells compete equally for a global resource. The model was simple enough that numerical simulations could be performed with large numbers of cells and clonotypes, and the model could be characterised analytically. Equations were obtained for long-term mean T cell numbers, clonotype numbers, clonotype size distributions and the Gini coefficient as a measure of dispersion. The model was then extended to model host-donor CD8 memory T cell dynamics in bone marrow transplanted mice, showing that biologically simple assumptions could explain the observed dynamics.
Effects of root, shoot, leaf and seed extracts of seven Artemisia species on HIV-1 replication and CD4 expression

Artemisia species (Asteraceae family) are small herbs that grow in dry and semi-dry regions[1]. Five hundred species of this genus are widely distributed in Asia, Europe and North America. It has been reported that most species of this genus are found in Iran[2,3]. Researchers throughout the world have approved the great medicinal values of the genus Artemisia. Pharmacological investigations of Artemisia species have led to the detection of novel biologically active compounds such as monoterpenes, sesquiterpenes, lactones, flavonoids and coumarins from Artemisia annua[1,4,5]. This plant has been used in Iranian traditional medicine as anti-infectious and antibacterial agent[6]. The extract of some Artemisia species such as Artemisia absinthium (A. absinthium), Artemisia vulgaris (A. vulgaris), Artemisia incana, Artemisia fragrans (A. fragrans) and Artemisia spicigera have been reported to have potent cytotoxic effects on breast cancer cells[7-9]. Some studies reported that essential oils obtained from Artemisia species have strong inhibitory activities against the pathogenic bacteria[10,11]. However, there is no scientific study available about anti-HIV-1 activity of Iranian Artemisia species. Therefore, we became eager to assess Artemisia species with respect to their anti-HIV-1 activity. Several studies have been reported on anti-HIV-1 and antibacterial activity of natural products. However, current antiHIV-1 drugs have a lot of disadvantages including resistance and toxicity[12]. So the development of drugs that inhibit diverse steps of viral replication and improve immunologic parameters is essential. Screening anti-HIV compounds from natural products may be one of the effective ways to discover new drugs. The present study is focused to evaluate the effect of different part extracts of Iranian Artemisia species on HIV-1 replication and ARTICLE INFO ABSTRACT
Bud break and plantlet regeneration in vitro from mature trees of Pinus roxburghii Sarg.

Terminal and axillary buds of 30-year-old mature Pinus roxburghii Sarg. trees were collected to test their in vitro response. Five different types of shoots containing these buds were available in a year. Shoots collectedbetween February and May gave the best response. Bud sprouting could be obtained on solid half strength DCR basal medium (½ DCR), fortified with BA from 0.44 to 11.1 μm, 11.1 μm being the optimum concentration used. On taking these buds for elongation, however, only those transferred from 0.44 μm elongated on plain ½ DCR after three passages of 45 days each. The initial concentration of BA therefore had an influence on the elongation of shoots. Rooting was obtained in 5% of the shoots on the elongation medium. Optimum rooting (54%) was obtained after a 24 h treatment on 12.25 μm IBA and the plantlets survived upon transfer to polyhouse.
Fungal mycotoxins in foods: A review

Abstract This study aimed to review fungal mycotoxins in foods, their roles and significance in human nutrition and health. This paper provided comprehensive information on the mycological quality and mycotoxin safety of foods. The review showed that moulds are multicellular fungi that form thin thread like structures called hyphae. They are widely distributed and found wherever moisture is present with adequate nutrients that can sustain their growth. Fungi are major spoilage of foods and feedstuffs. The proliferation of various fungi in agricultural products leads to reduction in yield and quality with significant economic losses. Fungi produce secondary metabolites which are referred to as mycotoxins which have been found to be present in most food substances. The mycotoxins are low weight metabolites which cause harm known as mycotoxicoses, in livestock, domestic animals and humans and therefore of public health significance. The production of mycotoxins is stimulated by certain environmental factors: Therefore the extent of contamination will differ with geographic location, agricultural methods and the susceptibility of commodities to the penetration of fungi during storage and processing periods. Fungi that produce toxins in food are therefore classified into field fungi and storage fungi based on their ecological requirements for growth. Mycotoxins have been reported in several food products such as cereals, legumes, processed flour, and smoked-dried fish and in dried meats.
Protected Intra-Conversation Information Control In An Organization

with the fast development of cloud services , huge volume of data is shared via cloud computing. Although cryptographic techniques have been utilized to provide data confidentiality in cloud , current mechanisms cannot enforce privacy issues related to multiple users in a public cloud. An Organization is an entity comprising of multiple people, such as an institution or an association ,that includes an explicit purpose and group related functions into a manageable unit to attain the objectives of the enterprise in the most significant and effective manner. Daily report enables the team manager to have an overview of how the team’s project is progressing in terms of each team member’s individual tasks without having to interact with one another on a daily basis. In proposed system, private cloud is used in which whatever the employee work as a task is automatically created as a PDF file in a secure way and it won’t be rewritten by anyone and daily updation has been updated to the particular file using AES algorithm to encrypt the sensitive data . For accessing the PDF file by team leader , the captcha has been generated to avoid the automatically harvesting of details. If HR manager wants to percive the daily update of the team leader, then the QR code has been generated and scanned by them to get access to the file. The private cloud is secured to solve the privacy conflict problems caused by different access policies within the organization.
Multiple phenotype modeling in pleiotropic effect studies of quantitative trait loci

Pleiotropy refers to the shared effects of a gene or genes on multiple phenotypes, a major reason for genetic correlation between phenotypes. For example, for osteoporosis, bone mineral densities at different skeletal sites may share common genetic factors; thus, examining the shared effects of genes may enable more effective fracture treatments. To date, methods are not available for estimating and testing the pleiotropic effects of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in genetic association studies. In this dissertation, we explore two types of methods to evaluate the SNP-specific pleiotropic effect based on multivariate techniques. First, we propose two approaches based on variance components (VC) analysis for family-based studies, which quantify and test the pleiotropic effect by examining the contribution of specific genetic marker(s) to polygenic correlation or covariance of traits. Second, we propose a multivariate linear regression approach for population-based studies with samples of families or unrelated subjects. This method partitions the specific effect of the marker(s) from phenotypic covariance. We evaluate the performance of our proposed methods in simulation studies, compare them to existing vi multivariate analysis methods and illustrate their application using real data to assess candidate SNPs for osteoporosis-related phenotypes in the Framingham Osteoporosis Study. In contrast to existing methods, our newly proposed approaches allow the quantification of pleiotropic effects. The bootstrap resampling percentile method is used to construct confidence intervals for statistical hypothesis testing. Simulation results suggest that the VC-based approaches are affected by the polygenic correlation level. The covariance analysis approach outperforms the VC-based approaches, with unbiased estimates and better power, which remain consistent regardless of the polygenic correlation. In addition, the covariance analysis approach is simple to implement and can be applied to both family data and genetically unrelated data. Using simulation, we also show that existing methods, such as MANOVA, can have high rejection rates when a SNP has a large effect on a single trait, which prevent us from using them for pleiotropic effect analysis. In summary, this dissertation introduces promising new approaches in multiple phenotypic models for SNP-specific pleiotropic effect.
Isolation and characterization of a moderately thermophilic sulphur-oxidizing bacterium

A moderately thermophilic sulphur-oxidizing bacterium was isolated from water of the Goshiki hot spring in Hokkaido, Japan, and designated strain GO-1. It was a Gram-negative, nonspore-forming, nonmotile, and rod-shaped bacterium, which had an optimum temperature and pH for growth at 45°C and pH 2, respectively. The mean G + C content of the DNA was 64.8 mol%, and the strain utilized sulphur and tetrathionate as a sole energy source. Strain GO-1 did not utilize Fe 2+ as a sole energy source, and fixed carbon dioxide in sulphur medium, indicating that strain GO-1 was an obligately chemolithoautotrophic bacterium. The 16S rRNA analysis indicated that strain GO-1 manifested a close relationship with Thiobacillus caldus KU. Some characteristics of strain GO-1 were different from those of T. caldus KU, and consequently it is suggested that strain GO-1 belongs to a new strain of Thiobacillus caldus.
INTRAPOPULATION GENETIC VARIATION FOR SEED DORMANCY IN INDIAN RICEGRASS

Indian ricegrass (Achnatherum hymenoides [Roem. &Schult.] Barkw. = Oryzopsis hymenoides [Roem. &Schult.] Ricker = Stipa hymenoides Roem. &Schult.) may buffer its seed banks over time via morphological (lemma and palea) and physiological (seed coat) seed dormancy. However, Indian ricegrass seed dormancy has usually not been examined from a genetic perspective. Because a positive relationship between seed dormancy and seed size has long been noted within Indian ricegrass populations we wanted to determine if genetic variation for seed dormancy was present among seed morphs. We also wanted to determine if genetic variation for seed dormancy was present in material without polymorphism. The T-593 population from McKinley Co., N.M. , has 3 seed morphs produced on genetically distinct plants, 'elongate' (2.24 mg/seed), 'globose' (3.00 mg/seed), and 'jumbo' (8.70 mg/seed). Following a 3-week prechill, elongate seed showed higher germination (66%) than globose seed (20%) over 6 tests (pairs of seed lots), while jumbo seed did not germinate without scarification. Jumbo seed had thicker (181 microgram) lemmas than globose (93 microgram) or elongate (52 microgram) seed. Individual plants of the nonpolymorphic cultivar, Rimrock, were selected for high or low germination following a 3-week prechill. The spring following seed harvest, germination with prechill was greater for progeny lines of the high-germination selections (45.5%) than low-germination selections (3.8%) with Rimrock intermediate (11.8%). This heritable difference in germination was accompanied by only small differences in lemma and palea thickness and no difference in seed mass. Genetic variation in seed dormancy may be found both between morphs (interpreted as variation for morphological dormancy) and within morphs (interpreted as variation for physiological dormancy). Genetic variation for seed dormancy can be as great within a population as between populations.
Drivers of the Duration of Grain Competitiveness in European Union Countries

This paper describes an evaluation of the drivers of the duration of grain competitiveness in the European Union (EU-27) member states on global markets from 2000 to 2011. Results indicate that most of the EU-27 member states were competitive with at least one segment of grain chain products. The long-term competitiveness of grain products differs between the EU-27 member states and across grain chain product groups. Trade costs reduce, while agricultural endowments, the level of economic development, export differentiation for final consumer grain products, EU enlargement and recent EU membership increase the duration of grain competitiveness. Competitiveness may be increased through sustainable grain trade specialization with a focus either on entering the market for diversified niche products, or on developing a competitive, global, integrated supply chain management system.
Modulation of carbohydrate and fat utilization by diet, exercise and environment

At rest and during exercise carbohydrate and fat are the predominant substrates. They are oxidized simultaneously but the relative contribution of these two substrates is dependent on a variety of factors including the exercise intensity and duration, diet, environmental conditions and training status. Changes in carbohydrate metabolism during the transition from rest to exercise and from low- to high-intensity exercise are mainly due to allosteric regulation. The factors that up-regulate fat metabolism in the transition to moderate-intensity exercise and the factors that result in a down-regulation of fat metabolism at higher intensities are incompletely understood. Substrate use is further modulated by the endocrine milieu (e.g. catecholamines, insulin, cortisol) and possibly cytokines (e.g. interleukin-6). With increasing duration of exercise there are marked increases in fat metabolism and decreases in carbohydrate metabolism and this has been ascribed mainly to substrate availability. Both acute food intake and chronic diets also have profound effects on substrate utilization. An increase in carbohydrate intake will rapidly suppress fat metabolism and increase carbohydrate metabolism whereas such an adaptation to a high-fat diet may take several days. The environmental conditions can also alter substrate use; high ambient temperatures can increase glycogen breakdown as a result of increased body core temperature and increased circulation catecholamines. Low temperatures can also increase carbohydrate metabolism, especially when shivering. In addition to these factors adaptation to training, in particular endurance training, will reduce the reliance on carbohydrate metabolism and increase fat oxidation, especially from intramuscular triacylglycerol stores.