Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Silagem de colostro: dinâmica fermentativa, microbiológica e nutricional de colostro fermentado sob condições anaeróbias em diferentes temperaturas

The fermentative, microbiological and nutritional dynamics of bovine colostrum fermented under anaerobic conditions at different temperatures is provided. Colostrum was homogenized and stored in PET bottles in anaerobic conditions and incubated at controlled temperature (32.5 ± 1°C or 22.5 ± 1°C) or at room temperature (17.4 - 21.5oC) and opened after 0, 1, 7, 14, 21, 28 and 35 days to determine fermentative and nutritional parameters and bacteria, yeast and mold counts. Further, pH rates showed significant variations during the fermentation period (p < 0.0001), with colostrum stored at 32.5°C, exhibiting the lowest rates and significant reduction during the first days. Titratable acidity and lactic acid concentration showed increasing rates and LAB development was intense, especially at high temperatures. After 35 days, about 50% of total nitrogen became non-protein N and casein fraction was reduced to 0.66% of total nitrogen. Lactose decreased during fermentation and fat concentrations were not affected by temperature. Results suggested that the temperature at which the colostrum was fermented directly influenced the speed and intensity of microbial population development and degradation of the main nutritional parameters, such as casein and lactose.
Culturally Tailored Nutrition and Lifestyle Intervention Can Effectively Reduce the Cardio-metabolic Risk Factors in Korean Migrants Living in Australia

The risk levels of chronic diseases are increasing among Asian migrants in Western countries compared to their origin-country counterparts. This study evaluates the impact of an 8-week nutrition and lifestyle intervention on cardio-metabolic risk factors in Korean migrants living in Melbourne, Australia. Thirty participants aged 32-62 years completed the program. Self-reported food intake and physical activity, anthropometric and blood pressure measurements, and biomarkers of cardio-metabolic risk were assessed. An initial training session and four consequent nutrition advice sessions were provided for all participants. There was a significant reduction in the waist and hip circumferences. Positive changes were also observed in plasma lipid profiles, calcium intake and frequency of physical activities. These findings demonstrate that a culturally appropriate nutrition and lifestyle intervention can be successfully delivered to reduce the cardio-metabolic risk factors and improve the health and wellbeing of Korean adult migrants
Exchange Rate Regime , Exchange Rate Variability and Flows of Malaysia ’ s Foreign Trade ( Rejim

This article empirically evaluates Malaysian foreign trade effects through two types of exchange rate variability; misalignments and volatility across different exchange rate regimes from 1991:Q1 to 2003:Q4. The Natural Real Exchange Rate (NATREX) equilibrium model is employed to generate the real exchange rate misalignment while the GARCH (1, 1) model is used to measure the real exchange rate volatility, which is then tested in a model of Malaysian imports and exports. This paper differs from existing literature as the effects of exchange rate misalignment significantly hastened the level of Malaysian exports and imports for the periods, managed floating and pegged rate. On the other hand, the exchange rate volatility has merely promoted the Malaysian exports and imports during the implementation of pegged rate. This proposes that the variability of exchange rate and exchange rate regimes are important determinants in inspiring Malaysian foreign trade, especially during the 1997 financial crisis when the economic is distressed.
New species of Pythium and Phytophthora

In a phylogenetic study of the genera Pythium and Phytophthora we found isolates with unique ITS sequences, different enough from those of any described species to justify new species status. This paper describes and illustrates the morphology of two new species of Pythium and one new species of Phytophthora. Their taxonomic position and relationships with other related species in the same genus are presented and discussed.
Antibacterial, antifungal and insecticidal activities of the n-hexane and ethyl-acetate fractions of methanolic extract of the leaves of Calotropis gigantea Linn

The study was conducted to evaluate the therapeutic potentials and insecticidal effects of Calotropis gigantea leaves against pathogenic bacteria, fungi, and insect by disc diffusion method. Five different species of Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria, six species of fungi, and Tribolium castaneum (Herbst) insect were used. No antibacterial and antifungal activities were observed for n-hexane fraction of the methanolic extract of Calotropis gigantea leaves but the ethyl-acetate fraction showed potential inhibitory effects on all tested bacteria and fungi except Trichophyton rubrum. The ethyl-acetate fraction showed significant inhibition of Escherichia coli, Shigella flexneri and Shigella sonnei. The best antifungal activity was recorded for the ethyl-acetate fraction against Candida albicans. In insecticidal activity assay, the ethyl-acetate fraction showed better activity with 80% mortality rate at a dose of 50 mg/ml in 48 hours whereas n-hexane fraction showed 40% mortality rate. Both fractions were almost nontoxic to tested insect up to 12 hours. The results established a good support for the use of Calotropis gigantea leaves in traditional medicine and insecticide.
The Effects of Credit Risk on Dynamic Portfolio Management: A New Computational Approach

The study investigates the role of credit risk in a continuous time stochastic asset allocation model, since the traditional dynamic framework does not provide credit risk flexibility. The general model of the study extends the traditional dynamic efficiency framework by explicitly deriving the optimal value function for the infinite horizon stochastic control problem via a weighted volatility measure of market and credit risk. The model's optimal strategy was then compared to that obtained from a benchmark Markowitz-type dynamic optimization framework to determine which specification adequately reflects the optimal terminal investment returns and strategy under credit and market risks. The paper shows that an investor's optimal terminal return is lower than typically indicated under the traditional mean-variance framework during periods of elevated credit risk. Hence I conclude that, while the traditional dynamic mean-variance approach may indicate the ideal, in the presence of credit-risk it does not accurately reflect the observed optimal returns, terminal wealth and portfolio selection strategies.
EU TRADE PREFERENCES FOR MOROCCAN TOMATO EXPORTS - WHO BENEFITS?

The EU applies a complex system of preferences for tomato imports from Morocco. Quantities are fixed and serve as entry price quotas and tariff rate quotas at the same time. This paper provides empirical evidence of i) the existence of an economic rent under the EU preferential scheme for tomato imports from Morocco of about 24-36.5 mill. per year, and ii) the distribution of that rent. Due to the structure of the Moroccan export sector as well as the EU method of allocating import licenses, it is likely that a large part of the quota rent ends up at the Moroccan side and that a dissipation of the rent in physical rent-seeking activities is limited.
Habit as automaticity, not frequency

Many health behaviours are enacted repeatedly, with little forethought. This has led researchers to question the utility of concepts and models based on conscious deliberation for understanding real-world health actions. There has been a resurgence of interest in the role of ‘habits’—i.e. automatic responses to everyday contexts, learned through repeated performance in those contexts—in determining health behaviour (for a review, see Gardner, de Bruijn & Lally, 2011). Empirical work has demonstrated that, because habits are triggered directly and immediately in associated contexts, they tend to override deliberative intentions in directing behaviour in those settings: where habits and intentions conflict, behaviour is more likely to proceed in line with habit than intention (Gardner et al., 2011). This has implications for behaviour change: boosting motivation may be insufficient to disrupt health-risk behaviours controlled by learned cue-response links (i.e. ‘bad’ habits). Conversely, intervention developers should treat habit formation for healthpromoting behaviours (‘good’ habits) as an outcome goal, because habitual behaviours are less likely to be disrupted by losses in motivation (for a review of habit formation and disruption techniques, see Lally & Gardner, in press).
Dietary strategies as one of the pillars to reduce antibiotic use in swine

The Dutch government and various stakeholders in the industry set a joint target to reduce prophylactic and therapeutic antibiotic use by 70% in 2015 compared to the reference year 2009. The use of anti-microbial growth promoters was already banned in the European Union in 2006. Various biosecurity measures and specific vaccination programs were implemented in the last decade to reduce the risk of animals being exposed to pathogens and to raise the level of disease resistance. These strategies were complemented with dietary measures to improve hygiene of feed and water and to support homeostasis and stability in the gastrointestinal tract contributing to disease resistance and resilience. The Netherlands succeeded in reducing antibiotic use by 58% in swine production in 2015 compared to 2009. Although the target of 70% was not completely reached, it is encouraging that the reduced use of antibiotics resulted in a reduction in anti-microbial resistance (MARAN, 2015). A variety of learnings and best practices can be adopted in other markets and areas where programs to reduce antibiotics are being developed and implemented. It is important to emphasis that implementation of Hazard Analysis and Critical Control Points (HACCP) based quality assurance systems has contributed significantly to systematically work on improving animal health and performance. Suitable housing conditions, proper climate control, a well developed feeding and vaccination strategy, and strict biosecurity measures form the basis of a proper farm management. In case of disease occurrence, veterinarians should perform proper diagnostics and investigate risk factors for disease occurrence, before antibiotics are used. Subsequently reduction of risk factors for disease occurrence by improvement of farm management should lead to prevention of disease outbreaks instead of preventive use of antibiotics. The sow has a significant impact on growth and survival of piglets and development of disease resistance and resilience (Funkhouser
A Note for Bound of Euclidean Norm of Group

A method of treating a collagenous biomaterial, such as porcine aortic valve leaflets or bovine pericardium, by exposing the biomaterial to an alcohol to inhibit in vivo calcification. The biomaterial, preferably glutaraldehyde-pretreated, is subjected to an aqueous solution of 60% to 80% lower aliphatic alcohol, such as ethanol for a period of at least 20 minutes, and preferably, 24 to 72 hours. The biomaterial is rinsed, and then stored in either a glutaraldehyde-free environment or an ethanolic solution of glutaraldehyde. In some embodiments, the treatment solutions include an additional anticalcification agent which may be a soluble salt of a metallic cation, such as Al+3 or Fe+3.
Are Modular Products Larger Than Integral Products

Modularity, the use of structurally independent building blocks (modules), has become a common strategy in many companies due to its numerous economical benefits. One of the disadvantages mentioned with modularity is the possible larger size of the modular products compared to their integral counterparts. For example, modular products are claimed to be larger and heavier due to the space and weight taken by the additional interfaces not needed in integral products. There is, however, no quantitative investigation whether modular design leads to larger or heavier products. We will, in this paper, show the relationship of product size and the degree of modularity. We use two pre-existing modularity metrics to measure the modularity of the products and a packaging factor to measure the use of space in the product. We investigated the relationship of product’s degree of modularity and its Packaging Factor in a case study of four product pairs of similar function: cellular phone & desk phone, laptop computer & desktop computer, walkman & boom box cassette player, portable CD player & standalone CD player. We found that modular products use space less efficiently than their integral counterparts. In general, the modular products were also larger, but the larger size was not necessary for the functionality of the products. We therefore conclude that modular products do not have to be larger than integral products and thus the size should not be a reason not to pursue modularity if the other benefits of modularity are sought after.
Promotion of Copper Corrosion Inhibition by Application of a Square Wave Potential Regime to Copper Specimens in Polyvinylpyrrolidone Solutions

Enhancement of corrosion inhibition of copper by polyvinylpyr r olidone (PVP) upon application of a square wave potential regime to copper specimens was investigated. The results indicated a marked decrease of copper corrosion rate upon application of a square wave to copper specimens in PVP – containing solutions. The inhibition enhancement was found to incr ease when increasing PVP concentration, and with a larger time of exposure with application of the square wave potential regime. A 500 Hz frequency was the optimal frequency for promotion of inhibition by PVP. SEM micrographs revealed that application of t he square wave converted the dendritic coverage of PVP to a more uniform layer of PVP at copper surface. The enhancement of corrosion inhibition by application of the square wave might be explained on basis of the enhanced adsorption of PVP onto copper sur face by application of the square wave potential regime. Application of square wave potential regime apparently influences the PVP adsorption coverage at the copper surface .
The radio core structure of the luminous infrared galaxy NGC 4418. A young clustered starburst revealed

Context. The galaxy NGC4418 contains one of the most compact obscured nuclei within a luminous infrared galaxy (LIRG) in the nearby Universe. This nucleus contains a rich molecular gas environment and an unusually high ratio of infrared-to-radio luminosity (q-factor). The compact nucleus is powered by either a compact starburst or an active galactic nucleus (AGN). Aims. The aim of this study is to constrain the nature of the nuclear region (starburst or AGN) within NGC4418 via very-high-resolution radio imaging. Methods. Archival data from radio observations using the European Very Long Baseline Interferometry Network (EVN) and Multi-Element Radio Linked Interferometer Network (MERLIN) interferometers are imaged. Sizes and flux densities are obtained by fitting Gaussian intensity distributions to the image. The average spectral index of the compact radio emission is estimated from measurements at 1.4 GHz and 5.0 GHz. Results. The nuclear structure of NGC4418 visible with EVN and MERLIN consists of eight compact ( = 0.7 (S-nu proportional to nu(alpha)) for the compact radio emission. Conclusions. Brightness temperatures >10(4.8) K indicate that these compact features cannot be HII-regions. The complex morphology and inverted spectrum of the eight detected compact features is evidence against the hypothesis that an AGN alone is powering the nucleus of NGC4418. The compact features could be super star clusters with intense star formation, and their associated free-free absorption could then naturally explain both their inverted radio spectrum and the low radio-to-IR ratio of the nucleus. The required star formation area density is extreme, however, and close to the limit of what can be observed in a well-mixed thermal/non-thermal plasma produced by star formation, and is also close to the limit of what can be physically sustained.
The role of technology in the economic growth of South Africa: The case of frequency allocations to cellular operators

Economists associate long-term economic growth with technological progress. Earlier growth literature, as well as modern literature, states to sustain a positive growth rate of output per capita in the long run, there must be continual advances in technological knowledge. This fact is embedded in one of the main growth models, namely the Solow growth model. This article firstly discusses the connection between technology and growth in the various models. Any country needs a positive real growth to develop. To create a better scenario for all its inhabitants, it is therefore important that technological development must be employed in the system. Secondly the focus is on analyzing the role of technology and mobile phones from a growth perspective in developing countries. Various studies by independent annalists are referred to regarding studies about the impact of mobile phones in Africa. Various African countries experienced development by using more mobile phones. Finally, attention is given to frequency allocation to provide voice or data access services for mobile phone users by ICASA, as the controlling body in South Africa. This scarce resource is not effectively allocated for the following reasons: the allocation between government institutions and private sector companies is not economically equitable; and the allocation amongst private sector companies is also not economically equitable. Ineffective frequency allocation is then considered to be a waste of a scarce resource. This wastage, against the background of studies in Africa regarding mobile phones and GDP, will accordingly reduce the potential development of all the inhabitants of South Africa.
Adherence of Diabetic Patients to the Recommendations on Diabetes in Kayseri

ABS TRACT Ob jec ti ve: This study was per for med in or der to de ter mi ne the ad he ren ce of di a be tic pa ti ents to the di a be tic ca re ru les, fac tors af fec ting the ad he ren ce, and di a be tic ca re re sults in Kayse ri. Ma te ri al and Met hods: The study was per for med in Kay se ri. Eight of 99 pri mary he alth centers in the pro vin ce we re cho sen ran domly. A sur vey was per for med thro ugh a qu es ti on na i re among the po pu la ti on aged 30 and over. A to tal of 555 self-re por ted di a be tic pa ti ents we re inc lu ded in the study. A qu es ti on na i re con ta i ning 40 items was app li ed to each in di vi du al with di a be tes vi a fa ceto-fa ce in ter vi e w met hod. Re sults: It was de ter mi ned that 82.3% of the sub jects we re on an ti di a be tic drugs, 20.0% con sul ted the physi ci an pe ri o di cally, 71.4% me a su red the ir blo od glu co se le vel re gu larly, 59.5% con su med an ap prop ri a te di et, 16.8% did exer ci se re gu larly, and 25.2% performed fo od ca re. The re was a po si ti ve cor re la ti on bet we en ge ne ral he alth ra ting and di a be tic ca re sco res. Ac cor ding to mul tip le reg res si on analy sis, du ra ti on of di a be tes was ne ga ti vely cor re la ted, whi le he alth in su ran ce, du ra ti on of edu ca ti on, and edu ca ti on abo ut di a be tes was po si ti vely cor re la ted with di a be tic ca re sco res. Conc lu si on: When de ve lo ping cli ni cal ma na ge ment prog rams for pa ti ents with di a be tes, du ra ti on of di a be tes, he alth in su ran ce and edu ca ti o nal le vel sho uld be con si de red and the pa ti ents must be edu ca ted in di a be tes.
Geopedology Reports Historical Changes in Climate and Agroecology: A Case Study from Northwestern Iran

Global warming is claimed to be the cause of climate change, which is often held responsible for water shortage. Let geopedology represents the complex process of soil formation, out of which much can be learnt about paleoecology; soil formation being a dynamic interaction between the atmosphere, biosphere, lithosphere, and the hydrosphere. In a multidisciplinary sustainability-oriented study in northwestern Iran, geopedologic data were analyzed and crossreferenced with some historic and archaeological information to reconstruct paleoecologic conditions in several time periods, through which the changes both in climate since upper Pleistocene, and in landuse and their consequences in terms of land degradation could be concluded. The occurrence of a (sub-) surface layer of travertine, dated 27,000 y BP that is coated by a thin organic layer with traces of rancienite (mineral), dated 13,000 y BP, implies a humid environment, corresponding with the pluvial uppermost Wurm. The geopedologic survey, supported by soil micromorphology, revealed that between 6,000 and 2,600 years ago the area was subject to cycles of erosion and sedimentation that have led to glacis formation. A type of climate that is characterized by the alternation of wet and dry periods is also supported by the occurrence of Petrocalcic and Argillic horizons in the soils. Cultivating rice, tobacco and cotton, which was practiced until over a century ago, also implies relatively wetter conditions. The study concludes that aridification has never been as degrading as it is today, due to the over-exploiting of the nonrenewable fossil groundwater.
Interactive KDD System for Fast Mining Association Rules

Association rule mining finds interesting associations and/or correlation relationships among large sets of data items, this subject is very useful in analyzing and fixing the trends of many issues especially in business , In this research an interactive system have been built to offer interactivity dealing with data and information which is so useful in taking crucial decisions and also support the analysts with up to date information through the extracted association rules from the given issue, the system has been applied in this research for proposed case concerned with drugs used in hypertension management, the system gives anew combinations of joined drugs that reduces the number of tablets swallowed daily by the patient.
Conservation related insights into the behaviour of the olive ridley sea turtle Lepidochelys olivacea nesting in Oman

We followed the movements of 9 adult female olive ridley turtles Lepidochelys oli- vacea after nesting on Masirah Island, Oman, using satellite tracking. Their post-breeding migra- tions ranged from 85 to 796 km. Three individuals travelled north to foraging grounds in Pakistan, Iran and the United Arab Emirates. The other 6 turtles remained in Omani seas for extended peri- ods (mean ± SD = 171.3 ± 109.4 d; range = 40 to 310 d). These locally resident turtles experienced biannual cooling of sea temperatures due to the effect of the west Arabian Sea upwelling which was not experienced by those that migrated to the north. Indications of disparity in turtle size between foraging locations are identified for the first time in this species. The majority of turtles (8) settled in coastal areas of water depth 100 min) in water warmer than 21°C, which is a feature unique to olive ridleys amongst sea turtles. They dis- played a shift to shorter diving after breeding, indicating increased activity levels. The entire spa- tial footprint of olive ridley dispersal remained within a putative regional management unit (RMU) for this species in the western Indian Ocean, supporting its delineation. We reveal Oman's key role in conserving this demographic unit, with 6 turtles remaining within its national boundary. Our data add to the growing body of evidence that marine turtles show varied migration behav- iours within populations, thus complicating their management.