Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A qualitative exploration of women's work aspirations and beliefs on meritocracy.

Meritocratic beliefs continue to be widely accepted in the United States; nonetheless, upward mobility is out of reach for many American women due to pervasive barriers to accessing decent work. The present study aims to explore American women's work aspirations and beliefs in the American Dream (the premise that no matter where people come from, with hard work, they can achieve prosperity) in light of the gap between this notion and the social inequalities in their working lives. We conducted semistructured interviews with 17 American women from diverse racial, educational, and work backgrounds to examine these women's work aspirations and beliefs on the American Dream. Qualitative content analysis yielded 3 domains: (a) aspiring for work that fulfills essential human needs, (b) multilayered influences on women's work aspirations, and (c) making sense of work aspirations in relation to beliefs on the American Dream. Our findings highlight the importance of relationships and systemic factors in shaping women's work aspirations. In addition, women's beliefs on the American Dream reflect complex interactions between endorsing meritocratic beliefs and their personal experiences. Implications for counseling psychology theory, research, and practice are discussed. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2019 APA, all rights reserved).
IgG4-related disease: How to place it in the spectrum of immune-mediated and rheumatologic disorders?

Abstract IgG4-related disease (IgG4-RD) is an immune-mediated fibroinflammatory disorder that results from massive expansion of polyclonal IgG4-switched B and/or plasma cells. It can virtually affect all organs and its diagnosis relies on clinical, serological and histopathological criteria. The role of autoimmunity and adaptive immune system in IgG4-RD is reflected in plasmablast differentiation, germinal center formation and IgG4 production induced by CD4+ cells expressing CD40 ligand. IgG4-RD has been considered to be a Th2/Treg-driven disorder, but follicular helper T cells are important in driving the IgG subclass switch. Prompt clinical responses to rituximab, human leukocyte antigen (HLA) associations and the presence of autoantibodies also point to the importance of adaptive immune system. However, innate immunity may induce storiform fibrosis through T-cell independent responses as a consequence of toll-like receptors activation by microbe-and damage-associated molecular patterns, while macrophages and basophils also appear to have a significant role in IgG4-RD pathogenesis. Allergic mechanisms may drive IgG4-RD, but only a subgroup has elevated IgE serum levels and peripheral eosinophilia. Finally, the 2012 revised Chapel Hill Consensus Conference nomenclature pointed IgG4-RD as a cause of large-vessel vasculitis. This review aims to discuss how to place IgG4-RD in the spectrum of immune-mediated and rheumatologic disorders.
The Pathology of Pathogenic Theileriosis in African Wild Artiodactyls

The published literature on schizont-“transforming,” or pathogenic theileriosis, in African wild artiodactyls is dated and based on limited information. Here the authors review the taxonomy, diagnosis, epidemiology, hematology, pathology, and aspects of control in various species. Molecular studies based on 18S and 16S rRNA gene sequences have shown that African wild artiodactyls are commonly infected with diverse Theileria spp. , as well as nontheilerial hemoprotozoa and rickettsia-like bacteria, and coinfections with pathogenic and nonpathogenic Theileria species are often recorded. Although theileriosis is still confusingly referred to as cytauxzoonosis in many species, the validity of a separate Cytauxzoon genus in artiodactyls is debated. The epidemiology of theileriosis is complex; the likelihood of fatal disease depends on the interplay of parasite, vertebrate host, tick vector, and environmental factors. Roan calves (Hippotragus equinus) and stressed animals of all host species are more susceptible to fatal theileriosis. Even though regenerative anemia is common, peripheral blood piroplasm parasitemia does not correlate with disease severity. Other than anemia, common macroscopic lesions include icterus, hemorrhages (mucosal, serosal, and tissue), fluid effusions into body cavities, lung edema, and variably sized raised cream-colored foci of leukocyte infiltration in multiple organs. Histopathologic findings include vasocentric hyperproliferation and lysis of atypical leukocytes with associated intracellular schizonts, parenchymal necrosis, hemorrhage, thromboembolism, and edema. Immunophenotyping is required to establish the identity of the schizont-transformed leukocytes in wild ungulates. Throughout the review, we propose avenues for future research by comparing existing knowledge on selected aspects of theileriosis in domestic livestock with that in African wild artiodactyls.
PS-117 Data quality analysis of adverse drug events in a voluntary reporting system

Background In 2009, SINEA, a voluntary reporting system for adverse events (AEs) in healthcare was implemented, designed for direct online reporting. It cannot ensure the consistency of the information, nor the quality of the reports. Purpose To determine the number and type of errors found in the SINEA database reports of drug adverse events (DAE); to propose improvements to reduce them and to note the differences in the results of the raw and refined databases, in order to skip the refining process if possible. Material and methods AEs reported between 1 January 2014 and 30 August 2014 were extracted and revised by a pharmacist to refine the database considering the field “describe_what_happened” as the gold standard. Percent of medicines errors (MEs), adverse drug reactions (ADRs), potential (PME) and real (RME) medicines errors, description of the effect on the patient, the impact on assistance and the most frequently reported drugs (MFD) were compared in both raw and refined databases. Cohen’s kappa (k) statistic defining concordance was calculated. Results 364 AEs were reported, of which 66.7% were classified as MEs, 2.7% as ADRs (2 wrongly classified as both, thus total percent > 100%) and 31% as other events. After refining, MEs totalled 69.5%; ADRs, 5.8% and events not related to medicines, 24.7% (k = 0.85 CI95% [0.80–0.90]). Before refining, 73.6% of MEs were considered PMEs versus 82.3% after refining (k = 0.65 CI95% [0.54–0.76]). With refined data, the MFD was trastuzumab (20.9%), due to exhaustive notification in oncology (all PMEs). The “active_ingredient” field was empty in 133 reports in the raw database. A mean of 1.8 ± 1.9 errors per report were detected. Conclusion Although concordance is good, the tough refining process cannot be skipped as it provides quality information so that improvements in pharmacotherapy can be implemented. Data quality could be improved by reducing the number of type-in text fields and using checkboxes or drop-down lists and by increasing the staff’s knowledge of DAEs. References and/or acknowledgements No conflict of interest.
Infection risk in patients undergoing treatment for inflammatory arthritis: non-biologics versus biologics

ABSTRACT Introduction: Despite the therapeutic effectiveness of biologics targeting immune cells or cytokines in patients with inflammatory arthritis, which reflects their pathogenic roles, an increased infection risk is observed in those undergoing biological treatment. However, there are limited data regarding the comparison of infection risks in inflammatory arthritis patients treated with non-biologics (csDMARDs), biologics (bDMARDs), including tumor necrosis factor (TNF) inhibitors and non-TNF inhibitors, or targeted synthetic (ts)DMARDs. Areas covered: Through a review of English-language literature as of 30 June 2019, we focus on the existing evidence on the risk of infections caused by bacteria, Mycobacterium tuberculosis, and hepatitis virus in inflammatory arthritis patients undergoing treatment with csDMARDs, bDMARDs, or tsDMARDs. Expert opinion: While the risks of bacterial and mycobacterial infection are increased in arthritis patients treated with csDMARDs, the risks are further higher in those receiving bDMARDs therapy, particularly TNF inhibitors. Regarding HBV infection, antiviral therapy may effectively prevent HBV reactivation in patients receiving bDMARDs, especially rituximab. However, more data are needed to establish effective preventive strategies for HBsAg-negative/HBcAb-positive patients. It seems safe to use cyclosporine and TNF inhibitors in patients with HCV infection, while those undergoing rituximab therapies should be frequently monitored for HCV activity. Abbreviations: ABT: abatacept; ADA: adalimumab; AS: ankylosing spondylitis; bDMARDs: biologic disease-modifying anti-rheumatic drugs; CKD: chronic kidney disease; COPD: chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; CS: corticosteroids; CsA: cyclosporine A; csDMARDs: conventional synthetic disease-modifying anti-rheumatic drugs; CZP: certolizumab; DAAs: direct-acting antiviral agents; DM: diabetes mellitus; DOT: directly observed therapy; EIN: Emerging Infections Network; ETN: etanercept; GOL: golimumab; GPRD: General Practice Research Database; HBV: hepatitis B virus; HBVr: HBV reactivation; HBsAg+: HBsAg-positive; HBsAg-/anti-HBc+: HBsAg-negative anti-HBc antibodies-positive; HCV: hepatitis C virus; HCQ: hydroxychloroquine: IFX: infliximab; IL-6: interleukin-6; JAK: Janus kinase; LEF: leflunomide; LTBI: latent tuberculosis infection; mAb: monoclonal antibody; MTX: methotrexate; OR: odds ratio; PsA: psoriatic arthritis; PMS: post-marketing surveillance; RA: rheumatoid arthritis; TNF: tumor necrosis factor; TNFi: tumor necrosis factor inhibitor; SCK: secukinumab; SSZ: sulfasalazine; TOZ: tocilizumab; RCT: randomized controlled trial; RR: relative risk; RTX: rituximab; 3HP: 3-month once-weekly isoniazid plus rifapentine; TB: tuberculosis; tsDMARDs: targeted synthetic disease-modifying anti-rheumatic drugs; UTK: ustekinumab; WHO: World Health Organization
Characteristics of a cohort of high-risk men who have sex with men on pre-exposure prophylaxis reporting transgender sexual partners

Abstract Transgender people continue to be at high-risk for HIV acquisition, but little is known about the characteristics of their sexual partners. To address this gap, we examined sociodemographic and sexual characteristics of cisgender men who have sex with men (MSM) on pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) reporting transgender sexual partners. A cohort of 392 MSM in southern California in a randomized clinical trial for PrEP adherence were followed from 2013 to 2016. Multivariable generalized estimating equation and logistic models identified characteristics of MSM reporting transgender sexual partners and PrEP adherence. Only 14 (4%) MSM reported having transgender sexual partners. MSM were more likely to report transgender partners if they were African American, had incident chlamydia, reported injection drug-using sexual partners, or received items for sex. Most associations remained significant in the multivariable model: African American (adjusted odds ratio [AOR] 11.20, P = .01), incident chlamydia (AOR 3.71, P = .04), and receiving items for sex (AOR 5.29, P = .04). There were no significant differences in PrEP adherence between MSM reporting transgender partners and their counterpart. MSM who report transgender sexual partners share characteristics associated with individuals with high HIV prevalence. Identifying this group distinct from larger cohorts of MSM could offer new HIV prevention opportunities for this group of MSM and the transgender community.
Analysis of collagen fibers in keratocystic odontogenic tumor and ameloblastoma: A polarizing microscopic study

Introduction: Collagen forms an integral part of connective tissue and maintains its structural integrity. It has natural birefringence which is attributed to the arrangement of its fibers and is enhanced by special stains such as picrosirius red through polarizing microscopy. The polarization colors differ according to the fiber thickness and pattern of arrangement which in turn related to aggressiveness. Hence, the present study was conducted to evaluate collagen fibers in keratocystic odontogenic tumor (KCOT) and ameloblastoma using polarizing microscopy. Aim: This study aims to compare and correlate different types and patterns of collagen fibers in KCOT and ameloblastoma using picrosirius red stain under polarizing microscopy to delineate their aggressiveness. Materials and Methods: The color, thickness, and orientation of collagen fibers in the KCOTs (n = 15) and ameloblastomas (n = 15) were studied histochemically by staining the sections with picrosirius red and examined under polarizing microscope using image analyzer software. Results: When collagen fiber bundles in KCOT and ameloblastoma were compared, significant difference was noted between yellowish-orange collagen fiber bundles, but no significant difference was observed between greenish-yellow and orange-red collagen bundles. With respect to orientation and organization, the results are statistically significant (P < 0.05). Conclusion: The connective tissue stroma of KCOT could be regarded not just as a structural support but as a functional part of the lesion. In KCOT, the thin, parallel, and loosely arranged greenish-yellow collagen fibers may be attributed to its high recurrence rate and biological aggressiveness.
The number of stents was an independent risk of stent restenosis in patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention

Abstract Percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) is one of the most effective therapies for coronary artery disease, but stent restenosis remains an important clinical challenge. The studies about the independent effect of the number of stents on stent restenosis were limited. The purpose was to identify the independent effect of the number of stents on stent restenosis. A retrospective cohort study of data reuse. From July 2009 to August 2011, a total of 2338 cases met the inclusion and exclusion criteria. The univariate analysis showed that the number of stents was a risk of stent restenosis, the OR value was 1.30 (95% CI:1.15 to 1.47, P < .001). The multi-factor regression analysis also showed that the number of stents was an independent risk of stent restenosis, the adjusted OR value was 1.38 (95% CI: 1.15 to 1.66, P < .001). Compared with 1–2 stents, the adjusted OR values of 3–5 stents and more than 6 stents were respectively 2.20 (95% CI: 1.24 to 3.90, P = .007) and 5.33 (95% CI: 1.89 to 15.08, P = .002), and the trend adjusted OR values was 2.26 (95% CI: 1.43 to 3.59, P < .001). The subgroup analysis of multi-factor regression analysis showed that when patients with the following conditions: 50 < Age, female, non-DES or SES, the risk of stent restenosis increased obviously. The number of stents was an independent risk of stent restenosis in patients undergoing PCI, especially for patients with the following conditions: 2
Distributed representations of temporal stimulus associations across regular-firing and fast-spiking neurons in rat medial prefrontal cortex.

The prefrontal cortex has been implicated in various cognitive processes, including working memory, executive control, decision making, and relational learning. One core computational requirement underlying all these processes is the integration of information across time. When rodents and rabbits associate two temporally discontiguous stimuli, some neurons in the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) change firing rates in response to the preceding stimulus and sustain the firing rate during the subsequent temporal interval. These firing patterns are thought to serve as a mechanism to buffer the previously presented stimuli and signal the upcoming stimuli; however, how these critical properties are distributed across different neuron types remains unknown. Here, we investigated the firing selectivity of regular-firing, burst-firing, and fast-spiking neurons in the prelimbic region of the mPFC while rats associated two neutral conditioned stimuli (CS) with one aversive stimulus (US). Analyses of firing patterns of individual neurons and neuron ensembles revealed that regular-firing neurons maintained rich information about CS identity and CS-US contingency during intervals separating the CS and US. Moreover, they further strengthened the latter selectivity with repeated conditioning sessions over a month. The selectivity of burst-firing neurons for both stimulus features was weaker than regular-firing neurons, indicating the difference in task engagement between two subpopulations of putative excitatory neurons. In contrast, putative inhibitory, fast-spiking neurons showed a stronger selectivity for CS identity than CS-US contingency, suggesting their potential role in sensory discrimination. These results revealed a fine-scaled functional organization in the prefrontal network supporting the formation of temporal stimulus associations.
The effect of bone cement distribution on clinical efficacy after percutaneous kyphoplasty for osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures

Abstract To evaluate the influence of various distributions of bone cement on the clinical efficacy of percutaneous kyphoplasty (PKP) in treating osteoporotic vertebrae compression fractures. A total of 201 OVCF patients (30 males and 171 females) who received PKP treatment in our hospital were enrolled in this study. According to the characteristic of cement distribution, patients were divided into 2 groups: group A (“H” shaped group), the filling pattern in vertebral body were 2 briquettes and connected with / without cement bridge; and group B (“O” shaped group), the filling pattern in vertebral body was a complete crumb and without any separation. Bone mineral density, volume of injected cement, radiographic parameters, and VAS scores were recorded and analyzed between the 2 groups. All patients finished at least a 1-year follow-up and both groups had significant improvement in radiographic parameters and clinical results. No significant differences in BMD, operation time, bleeding volume, or leakage of cement were observed between the 2 groups. Compared with group B, group A had a larger use of bone cement, lower proportion of unipedicular approach, and better VAS scores at 1 year after surgery. Both “H” and “O” shaped distribution pattern can improve radiographic data and clinical outcomes effectively. However, “H” shaped distribution can achieve better clinical recovery at short-term follow-up.
A randomised clinical trial to compare octyl cyanoacrylate with absorbable monofilament sutures for the closure of laparoscopic cholecystectomy port incisions

Tissue adhesives have gained increasing use as a possible method of wound closure. We compared the use of 2‐octyl cyanoacrylate (OCA) or subcuticular suture in incisions sutures for the closure of laparoscopic cholecystectomy port incisions. A prospective randomised controlled trial was performed. Patients were randomised to have closure of laparoscopic port sites using either OCA or sutures. Patients were reviewed at 24 hours and returned for follow‐up 1 week and 1 month after postoperatively. At these times, different wound characteristics were documented: Two tools were used to measure the cosmetic result using Hollander wound evaluation scale (HWES) and the patient and observer scar assessment scale (POSAS). A total of 70 patients, 35 in each group were enrolled. The wounds were closed significantly faster in the OCA group (mean 229.16 [±43.7] seconds versus 258.82 [±51.7] seconds, P = .01). Statistically significant difference in favour of using OCA was found for dehiscence (17.1% versus none in the suture group, P = .025) after 1 week. However, no difference was found for wound dehiscence after 1 month. OCA and suture groups did not differ significantly on patient satisfaction. There were no differences in the percentage of wounds achieving optimal scores on the HWES (suture 85.7% versus OCA 74.2%, P = .169). Nerveless, wound evolution was judged to be significantly better in the OCA group using POSAS. Patients' median POSAS was 9.45 (6–11) and 11.43 (10–13) in the OCA and suture groups, respectively (P = .005), and surgeon's median POSAS was 9.42 (6–11) and 11.48 (10–13) in the OCA and suture groups, respectively (P = .006). N‐butyl‐cyanoacrylate tissue adhesive is an acceptable technique for the closure of laparoscopic wounds with less operative time, and cosmetic results are comparable to suturing.
Topical combination of meldonium and N‐acetyl cysteine relieves allodynia in rat models of CRPS‐1 and peripheral neuropathic pain by enhancing NO‐mediated tissue oxygenation

Local microvascular dysfunction and consequent tissue ischemia/hypoxia contribute to the symptoms of complex regional pain syndrome (CRPS) and peripheral neuropathic pain. As nitric oxide (NO) is a key regulator of microvascular blood flow, compounds that increase it are potentially therapeutic for these pain conditions. This led us to hypothesize that the topical administration of drugs that modulate local tissue NO levels can alleviate the pain of CRPS and peripheral neuropathic pain. We investigated the anti‐allodynic effect of a combination of two NO‐modulating drugs: meldonium and N‐acetylcysteine (NAC). An equimolar topical formulation of the two drugs was tested on chronic post‐ischemic pain (CPIP), a rat model of CRPS, as well as chronic constriction injury (CCI) of the sciatic nerve and chemotherapy‐induced painful neuropathy (CIPN), rat models of peripheral neuropathic pain. Topical meldonium‐NAC produced significant anti‐allodynia in CPIP, CCI, and CIPN rats. Moreover repeated application of topical meldonium‐NAC produced an increase in the duration of anti‐allodynia in the CPIP and CCI rats. While pre‐treatment with an NO synthase inhibitor attenuated the anti‐allodynic effects of meldonium‐NAC, 30‐min hyperbaric oxygen treatment combined with a non‐effective dose of meldonium‐NAC produced significant anti‐allodynic effects in CPIP rats. Both experiments implicated NO in the drug combination's anti‐allodynic effects. To ascertain the role played by changes in local tissue NO, we performed a quantification of plantar muscle NO in CPIP rats after hind paw topical treatment with meldonium‐NAC and revealed significantly increased plantar muscle NO levels in drug‐treated rats. The drug combination also reversed the reduction in tissue oxygenation normally observed in CPIP hind paws. In addition to introducing a novel topical treatment for mechanical allodynia in CRPS and peripheral neuropathic pain, this work showcases the analgesic potential of locally targeting microvascular dysfunction and tissue ischemia/hypoxia in these conditions, with emphasis on the role of NO.
Molecular subtypes based on DNA methylation predict prognosis in colon adenocarcinoma patients

Tumor heterogeneity makes early diagnosis and effective treatment of colon adenocarcinoma difficult. As an important regulator of gene expression, DNA methylation can influence tumor heterogeneity. In this study, we explored the prognostic value of subtypes based on DNA methylation status in 424 colon adenocarcinoma samples from the Cancer Genome Atlas database. Differences in DNA methylation levels were associated with differences in T, N, and M category, age, stage, and prognosis. Seven subgroups were identified based on consensus clustering using 356 CpG sites that significantly influenced survival. Finally, a prognostic model was constructed and used to classify samples in a testing dataset into seven DNA methylation subgroups based on the classification results of a training dataset. These specific classifications based on DNA methylation may help account for heterogeneity within previously established molecular subgroups of colon adenocarcinoma and could potentially aid in the development of more effective personalized treatments.