Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A comparative performance study of an interleaved boost converter using commercialized Si and SiC diodes for PV applications

A performance comparison of an interleaved boost converter (IBC) using Si and SiC diodes for PV energy conversion systems is presented in this paper. Performance attributes under investigation include the device behavior, thermal requirement, system efficiency and power density. The interleaved boost converter is designed for sustaining the dc link voltage in the energy conversion system. Due to the absence of reverse recovery current in SiC Schottky diodes, low switching loss is generated in the diodes and the switches. This benefit causes higher system efficiency and lower cooling system design requirement. As a benefit, the volume and weight of the heatsink can be further reduced. Furthermore, behaviors of semiconductors and steady-state characteristics of IBC are discussed in the paper. The validity of the analyses is confirmed experimentally by using a 2.5 kW IBC prototype with wide power and input voltage operating range.
Entrepreneurship Education and the Intention to Start a Business: The Moderating Role of Cognitive Biases

Entrepreneurship education has been introduced and promoted at many universities throughout the world with the aim of fostering economic growth and employment. However, research has shown only weak effects of entrepreneurship education programs on participants' intentions to start a business, which has given rise to a debate about the effectiveness of such programs. Accordingly, researchers have called for consideration of variables that might moderate this relationship. This study attempts to fill this gap by examining the effect of three cognitive biases as possible moderators of the relationship between entrepreneurship education and entrepreneurial intentions: overoptimism, overconfidence, and the planning fallacy. The results indicate that overoptimism and the planning fallacy moderate the effects of entrepreneurship education. The study also shows that entrepreneurship education has a significant, positive impact on entrepreneurial intentions. Our results have implications for entrepreneurship education scholars, university managers, and developers of entrepreneurship programs.
Virtual prototyping and optimization of mobile phone antennas with Genetic Algorithms

In this article, the virtual prototyping of mobile phone antennas is demonstrated with a FDTD-based electromagnetic simulation platform powered with GPU hardware acceleration. Through network parallelization and Generic Algorithms, antenna optimizations can be performed concurrently on multiple workstations. The simulation time required for an optimization task is reduced proportionally by the number of workstations utilized. The optimization features are demonstrated on a commercial mobile phone model, through the virtual prototyping process, different antenna designs can be optimized targeting multiple goals and operating scenarios. The numerical technique is proven to be efficient and effective for RF design optimization tasks.
Genetics of Essential Hypertension

Essential hypertension affects 1 billion people worldwide and its genetic basis is well established. For this review we surveyed the literature on the genetics of hypertension during the past 18 months and we now report the highlights. There has been publication of the two largest genome scans for blood pressure and new loci including signiﬁcant linkage to chromosome 6q have been reported. The molecular basis of Gordon’s syndrome has been partially unravelled with a dual function for WNK4 in ion transport regulation being discovered. There has also been progress in narrowing rodent quantitative trait loci using congenic approaches and several linkage peaks have now been demonstrated to have more than one loci. We also report some of the initial ﬁndings from pharmacogenetic studies.
Environment and Chlorsulfuron Phytotoxicity

Glasshouse and growth chamber experiments were conducted to determine chlorsulfuron {2-chloro-N-[[(4-methoxy-6-methyl-1,3,5-triazin-2-yl)amino] carbonyl] benzenesulfonamide} phytotoxicity to kochia [Kochia scoparia (L.) Schrad. ♯ KCHSC] and green foxtail [Setaria viridis (L.) Beauv. ♯ SETVI] as influenced by temperature and humidity for 1 week after treatment, and by soil moisture and nitrogen. Chlorsulfuron was more phytotoxic to both kochia and green foxtail at 95 to 100% than at 45 to 50% relative humidity for 1 week after treatment whether at 10, 20, or 30 C. Chlorsulfuron phytotoxicity was similar with all posttreatment temperatures at each humidity, except that phytotoxicity was lower at 30 C than at 10 or 20 C at 90 to 100% humidity. Surfactant added to chlorsulfuron exhanced control of kochia more than that of green foxtail and overcame temperature and humidity effects on chlorsulfuron phytotoxicity. A simulated rainfall of 2 mm after chlorsulfuron application reduced toxicity of chlorsulfuron to green foxtail more than to kochia. Chlorsulfuron was more phytotoxic to green foxtail growing with a high than a low soil nitrogen level. High soil moisture following chlorsulfuron application enhanced phytotoxicity to kochia and green foxtail compared to high soil moisture before treatment.
A Radar Power Supply Without A Voltage Droop

A new principle of fine regulation applied on a high-voltage line supplying a pulsed load (radar tube) is presented. The high-voltage power-supply system is a combination of a single-series resonant converter and an efficient capacitor multiplier in the output stages. The electronic power-conversion system uses a Schwarz converter employing a series resonant circuit for the transfer and control of power. An internal frequency of 35 kHz enhances the power density of the converter model. This model provides 16 kV for the helix-cathode circuit of a klystron with an accuracy of 0.50/00 (per mille) and 11 kV for the collector-cathode circuit with an accuracy of 5 percent. The presentation is supported by experimentally acquired data. The improved high-voltage power supply should lessen the problems associated with high-voltage transformers and the high accuracy required for the voltage control for the helix-cathode circuit to avoid distortion in the returning signal of a space-borne radar system.
Threesomes, with and without blame

How to integrate static and dynamic types? Recent work focuses on casts to mediate between the two. However, adding casts may degrade tail calls into a non-tail calls, increasing space consumption from constant to linear in the depth of calls. We present a new solution to this old problem, based on the notion of a threesome. A cast is specified by a source and a target type--a twosome. Any twosome factors into a downcast from the source to an intermediate type, followed by an upcast from the intermediate to the target---a threesome. Any chain of threesomes collapses to a single threesome, calculated by taking the greatest lower bound of the intermediate types. We augment this solution with blame labels to map any failure of a threesome back to the offending twosome in the source program. Herman, Tomb, and Flanagan (2007) solve the space problem by representing casts with the coercion calculus of Henglein (1994). While they provide a theoretical limit on the space overhead, there remains the practical question of how best to implement coercion reduction. The threesomes presented in this paper provide a streamlined data structure and algorithm for representing and normalizing coercions. Furthermore, threesomes provide a typed-based explanation of coercion reduction.
Voltage Distributed Cooperative Control Considering Communication Security in Photovoltaic Power System

A voltage regulation scheme considering communication security is proposed for photovoltaic (PV) power system. The scheme is a two-level regulation to, respectively, reduce overall voltage deviation (VDE) and voltages difference (VDI). First, the evaluation indexes of VDE and VDI are built. Then, primary regulation through a powers compensation scheme is used. Considering communication topology change and delay under upper bound, secondary regulation through consensus protocol is developed. In addition, communication packet-loss and large delay are solved by predictive compensation. Finally, effectiveness of the proposed method is verified by simulation in MATLAB.
Data Mining on Patient Data

In this paper, we use machine learning schemes IR, FOIL, InductH and C5.0 to generate decision trees and rules from the examples in the medical dataset. The aim of our study is to infer the patterns that can help doctors to identify, recognize and predict the effect of the risk factors on the long term subjective cure rates of patients who undergo colposuspension. High test classification was sometimes achieved. Our best results came when one learning method suggested the preprocessing steps to be used for another method.
Designing socio-cultural Learning Games: Challenges and lessons learned

A considerable number of Learning Games have been published over the last years. Since there are no clear guidelines for developers, they may not always meet the learner's expectations. Games are a powerful mediator for learning, but flaws in planning and design can have a negative effect on their potential. This paper describes the design of two Serious Games in a socio-cultural context. Special interest is given to the challenges that appeared during the design process. The lessons we have learned are summarized in a list of guidelines that may also help other developers to design successful Learning Games.
Real-time parameter identification and integration on deadbeat-direct torque and flux control (DB-DTFC) without inducing additional torque ripple

This paper is dedicated to exploring real-time parameter identification approaches and their integration with deadbeat-direct torque and flux control (DB-DTFC) without additional torque ripple. By using the voltage model, at medium and high speed ranges DB-DTFC is insensitive to parameters. Performance degrades at low speeds with the rotor time constant errors because the current model is utilized for flux linkage estimation. Two different real-time parameter estimation approaches are developed, including a flux observer-based model reference adaptive system (MRAS) and a pulsating flux injection-based method. Both are experimentally evaluated for how well they mitigate DB-DTFC performance degradation at low speed. For the MRAS-based method, the fundamental components are used for parameter convergence, which does not induce additional torque ripple. For the injection-based method, traditional d-axis pulsating voltage vector injection used in IFOC yields significant torque ripple, particularly at high speed. The proposed pulsating flux injection scheme used in DB-DTFC excites the same magnitude of current harmonics and induces no additional torque ripple over a wide speed range.
Experimental investigation of signal time misalignment in dynamic load modulation amplifiers

The effect of time misalignment between the RF input and tuneable matching network (TMN) control signal in load-modulated PAs is experimentally investigated. A reactively load-modulated low-power GaAs E-pHEMT amplifier is used, operating at 2.3GHz with 20dBm peak output power. The amplifier is first characterised under CW operation and the appropriate functions for maximising PAE are extracted. These are then used to enhance the efficiency of the amplifier under modulated signals. Using multi-tone, as well as, 1.4 and 3MHz LTE signals, the effects of time misalignment between the two paths on output power; PAE and spectral regrowth are explored. As expected, proper alignment of the signals is crucial, but it is shown especially important for minimising ACPR asymmetry, similar to supply modulation architectures. This highlights the underlying trade-off between synchronisation accuracy and linearisation effort requirement.
A 5-b 10-GSample/s a/D converter for 10-gb/s optical receivers

A 5-b flash A/D converter (ADC) is developed in an 0.18-/spl mu/m SiGe BiCMOS that supports sampling rates of 10 Gsample/s. The ADC is optimized to operate in digital equalizers for 10-Gb/s optical receivers, where the ADC has to deliver over three effective number of bits (ENOBs) at Nyquist. A fully differential flash ADC incorporating a wide-band track-and-hold amplifier (THA), a differential resistive ladder, an interpolation technique, and a high-speed comparator design is derived to resolve the aperture jitter and metastability error. The ADC achieves better than 4.1 effective bits for lower input frequencies and three effective bits for Nyquist input at 10 GS/s. The ADC dissipates about 3.6 W at the maximum clock rate of 10 GS/s while operating from dual -3.7/-3V supplies and occupies 3/spl times/3mm/sup 2/ of chip area.
Effects of Cannabinoid Exposure during Adolescence on the Conditioned Rewarding Effects of WIN 55212-2 and Cocaine in Mice: Influence of the Novelty-Seeking Trait

Adolescent exposure to cannabinoids enhances the behavioural effects of cocaine, and high novelty-seeking trait predicts greater sensitivity to the conditioned place preference (CPP) induced by this drug. Our aim was to evaluate the influence of novelty-seeking on the effects of adolescent cannabinoid exposure. Adolescent male mice were classified as high or low novelty seekers (HNS and LNS) in the hole-board test. First, we evaluated the CPP induced by the cannabinoid agonist WIN 55212-2 (0.05 and 0.075 mg/kg, i.p.) in HNS and LNS mice. Then, HNS and LNS mice were pretreated i.p. with vehicle, WIN 55212-2 (0.1 mg/kg), or cannabinoid antagonist rimonabant (1 mg/kg) and were subsequently conditioned with WIN 55212-2 (0.05 mg/kg, i.p.) or cocaine (1 or 6 mg/kg, i.p.). Only HNS mice conditioned with the 0.075 mg/kg dose acquired CPP with WIN 55212-2. Adolescent exposure to this cannabinoid agonist increased the rewarding effects of 1 mg/kg of cocaine in both HNS and LNS mice, and in HNS mice it also increased the reinstating effect of a low dose of cocaine. Our results endorse a role for individual differences such as a higher propensity for sensation-seeking in the development of addiction.
Marking mosquitoes in their natural larval sites using 2H‐enriched water: A promising approach for tracking over extended temporal and spatial scales

Tracking mosquitoes using current methods of mark–release–recapture are limited to small spatial and temporal scales exposing major gaps in understanding long‐range movements and extended survival. Novel approaches to track mosquitoes may yield fresh insights into their biology which improves intervention activities to reduce disease transmission. Stable isotope enrichment of natural mosquito breeding sites allows large‐scale marking of wild mosquitoes absent human handling. Mosquito larvae that develop in 2H‐enriched water are expected to be detectable for over 4 months using tissue mass fraction 2H measurements, providing opportunities for long‐term mark–capture studies on a large scale. A laboratory study followed by a field experiment of mosquito larval habitat 2H enrichment was conducted in Mali, to evaluate potential labelling of wild mosquitoes. Twelve natural larval sites were enriched using [2H] deuterium oxide (D2O, 99%). Enrichment level was maintained by supplementation following dilution by rains. Availability of 2H to mosquito larvae was enhanced by locally collected and cultured microorganisms (i.e. protozoa, algae and bacteria) reared in deuterated water, and provided as larval diet. Putative natural predators were removed from the larval sites and first instar larvae Anopheles gambiae s.l. larvae were added every other day. Emergence traps enabled collection of eclosing adults. Adult mosquitoes were kept at laboratory conditions for analysis of label attrition with age. Deuterium enrichment of wild mosquitoes above background levels (maximum = 143.1 ppm) became apparent 5–6 days after initial exposure, after which 2H values increased steadily until c. 24 days later (to a mean of c. 220 ppm). Anopheles and Culex mosquitoes showed significantly different 2H values (211 and 194.2 ppm, respectively). Both genera exhibited exponential label attrition (e(‐x)) amounting to 21.6% by day 30 post‐emergence, after which attrition rate continuously decreased. Males of both taxa exhibited a higher mean 2H value compared to females. Deuterium oxide proved useful in marking mosquitoes in their natural larval sites and although costly, may prove valuable for studies of mosquitoes and other aquatic insects. Based on our field study, we provide a protocol for marking mosquito larval sites using deuterium oxide.
A Fault-Tolerant Control Strategy for Six-Phase Transverse Flux Tubular PMLM Based on Synthetic Vector Method

The six-phase transverse flux tubular permanent magnet linear motor (PMLM) has many advantages compared with conventional linear motors. However, the reliability of its drive system can still be influenced by power converter or machine faults. This paper presents a fault-tolerant control strategy for six-phase transverse flux tubular PMLM based on synthetic vector method when the machine has a single-phase open-circuit fault. The operation of six-phase transverse flux tubular PMLM is described as well as its basic mathematical model. Then, the principles of synthetic vector method are introduced. Based on these theories, the fault-tolerant control strategy is derived in detail under the single-phase open-fault condition. In addition, a fault-tolerant dual three-phase four-leg inverter's drive topology that can be applied under this faulted condition is proposed. Moreover, to implement the control algorithms proposed, a modified space vector modulation is presented. Both the finite-element simulation and MATLAB/Simulink simulation results illustrate the validity of the proposed fault-tolerant control as well as the associated control topology and space vector modulation.
Investigation of Three-Phase AC–DC–AC Multilevel Nine-Leg Converter

In this paper, a reversible multilevel nine-leg converter for three-phase applications is investigated. This topology can be applied in line voltage regulators, power factor correction devices, and uninterrupted power supplies. It is composed of three single-phase three-leg converters with a leg shared by both load and grid sides. Suitable modeling, a pulse-width modulation (PWM) strategy based on a vector approach, and a control system are developed. The proposed PWM and control strategies are suitable to balance the dc-link voltages and to optimize the harmonic distortion, reducing switching stress and power losses. The investigated configuration is compared with two conventional topologies, including a neutral-point-clamped converter and has demonstrated that it presents some advantages in terms of voltage rating of the power switches, harmonic distortion, and semiconductor losses. Computer simulations and experimental results have been carried in the same operation conditions to verify the validity of theoretical considerations.
Very Compact High-gain Broadband Low-noise Amplifier in InP HEMT Technology

We successfully developed an InP high electron mobility transistor (HEMT) low-noise amplifier (LNA) using multi-layer transmission lines. The fabricated five-stage LNA achieved a 43 dB gain with a noise figure (NF) of 1.9 dB at 23 GHz and a gain of more than 40 dB from 18 to 43 GHz. The maximum gain was 49.5 dB at 32 GHz and the chip size was only 1.8 times 0.9 mm2, resulting in a gain density of 30.5 dB/mm2. To the best of our knowledge, this gain density is the highest performance in any Ka-band LNA reported to date. In addition, the design accuracy of the LNA was also demonstrated
Terahertz Reconstructive Imaging: A novel technique to differentiate healthy and diseased human skin

and diseased human skin Radhika Srivastava1, Jennifer Cucalon2, Aunik K Rahman*3, Babar Rao4 and Anis Rahman3 1 Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, 675 Hoes Lane West, Piscataway, NJ, USA 2 American Skin and Cancer Center, 95 First Ave, Atlantic Highlands, NJ, USA 3 Applied Research & Photonics, 470 Friendship Road, Suite10, Harrisburg, PA 17111, USA 4 Department of Dermatology, Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, 1 Worlds Fair Drive, Somerset, NJ, USA
A new mesh simplification algorithm based on quadric error metric

This paper proposes an improved mesh simplification algorithm based on quadric error metrics (QEM) to efficiently processing the huge data in 3D image processing. This method fully uses geometric information around vertices to avoid model edge from being simplified and to keep details. Meanwhile, the differences between simplified triangular meshes and equilateral triangles are added as weights of errors to decrease the possibilities of narrow triangle and then to avoid the visual mutation. Experiments show that our algorithm has obvious advantages over the time cost, and can better save the visual characteristics of model, which is suitable for solving most image processing, that is, "Real-time interactive" problem.
‘From the core to beyond the margin’: a genomic picture of glioblastoma intratumor heterogeneity

Glioblastoma (GB) is a highly invasive primary brain tumor that almost systematically recurs despite aggressive therapies. One of the most challenging problems in therapy of GB is its extremely complex and heterogeneous molecular biology. To explore this heterogeneity, we performed a genome-wide integrative screening of three molecular levels: genome, transcriptome, and methylome. We analyzed tumor biopsies obtained by neuro-navigation in four distinct areas for 10 GB patients (necrotic zone, tumor zone, interface, and peripheral brain zone). We classified samples and deciphered a key genes signature of intratumor heterogeneity by Principal Component Analysis and Weighted Gene Co-expression Network Analysis. At the genome level, we identified common GB copy number alterations and but a strong interindividual molecular heterogeneity. Transcriptome analysis highlighted a pronounced intratumor architecture reflecting the surgical sampling plan of the study and identified gene modules associated with hallmarks of cancer. We provide a signature of key cancer-heterogeneity genes highly associated with the intratumor spatial gradient and show that it is enriched in genes with correlation between methylation and expression levels. Our study confirms that GBs are molecularly highly diverse and that a single tumor can harbor different transcriptional GB subtypes depending on its spatial architecture.
Beyond the low-hanging fruit : worker empowerment in Costa Rica-EU pineapple trade

2019 Worker empowerment in Costa Rica-EU pineapple trade The globalisation of agri-food systems has stimulated exports of nontraditional crops such as pineapple. In the past two decades, the pineapple boom in Costa Rica Europe’s largest provider of fresh pineapple has created new employment opportunities for low-skilled agricultural workers. However, concerns have been raised about the employment quality, in particular worker’s ability to freely join unions and collectively use their voice to negotiate improvements.
Overcapacity investment and supervision ﬂuctuation: an evolutionary game approach

ABSTRACT The production enterprise’s capacity overinvestment and governmental supervision failure often lead to overcapacity. The article builds an evolutionary game model between supervision agencies and production enterprises to explain the supervision ﬂuctuation of overcapacity problem. The analytical solutions are found. Numerical examples are provided to illustrate the evolutionary game process with Dynamo and Matlab. In the long-run, the initial condition and the payoffs are two main factors determine the probability of failed supervision. Apart from single punishment measure, more effective measures need to be taken to address overcapacity efficiently.