Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Activity of superoxide dismutase and catalase in erythrocytes and malondialdehyde concentration in the liver of rats exposed to Bi 58 Nowy and pyrantel

The effect of an administration of Bi 58 Nowy (38% dimethoate) and/or pyrantel embonate on the activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) in erythrocytes and on malondialdehyde (MDA) concentration in rat liver homogenates was investigated. Bi 58 Nowy was administered for 4 weeks with drinking water at a dose of 15.48 mg/kg b.w. (1/25 LD50). Pyrantel embonate was given with a stomach probe at a dose of 1 000 mg/kg b.w. , twice at two-week interval, i.e. on days 14 and 28. It was found that a 4-week exposure of rats to Bi 58 Nowy resulted, especially during the first hours after exposure, in an increase in SOD and CAT activity in erythrocytes and MDA content in rat liver homogenates, as compared to the control group. This may indicate that oxidative stress has appeared. The profile of changes in the examined parameters in combined intoxication was similar to those that were observed after the administration of only Bi 58 Nowy, but the changes were more pronounced.
Altered white-matter architecture in treatment-naive adolescents with clinical depression

Background Depressive disorders are highly prevalent in adolescence and confer a heightened risk of recurrence in adulthood. Insight into the developmental neurocircuitry of depression could advance our understanding of depression and aid the development of effective treatment strategies. Whereas white-matter (WM) abnormalities are strongly implicated in adult depression, we still lack a firm understanding of WM architecture in adolescent depression. Using diffusion tensor imaging (DTI), we set out to investigate WM microstructure in a sample of clinically depressed adolescents relative to matched controls. Method We employed tract-based spatial statistics (TBSS) to examine WM microstructure in 25 treatment-naive adolescents with clinical depression relative to 21 matched controls. Using TBSS, we examined fractional anisotropy (FA), axial diffusivity (AD), radial diffusivity (RD) and mean diffusivity (MD). Threshold-free cluster enhancement (TFCE) with family-wise error (FWE) correction was used to control for multiple comparisons. Results Our analysis revealed abnormal WM microstructure in clinically depressed adolescents. More specifically, whole-brain analysis revealed that patients had lower FA values in the body of the corpus callosum (CC), coupled with elevated RD and MD, and preserved AD. Conversely, region-of-interest analysis revealed that patients had higher FA values in the uncinate fasciculus (UF), coupled with elevated AD, reduced RD and preserved MD. Conclusions In line with neurocircuitry models of depression, our findings suggest that WM abnormalities within pathways facilitating cognitive and emotional functioning are involved in the pathophysiology of depression. Importantly, our findings show that these WM abnormalities are already present early in the course of the disorder.
Effect of metoclopramide on renal vascular resistance index and renal function in patients receiving a low-dose infusion of dopamine.

Metoclopramide is a dopamine receptor antagonist and, in large doses, has been shown to reverse the increase in renal blood flow, the diuresis and the natriuresis produced by a low-dose infusion of dopamine. We gave a single i.v. dose of metoclopramide 10 mg to 21 patients on an intensive care unit who were haemodynamically stable and receiving dopamine 3 micrograms kg-1 min-1. Renal vascular resistance index, measured by duplex Doppler ultrasonography, did not change after metoclopramide. Renal function, measured by creatinine and osmolar clearance, natriuresis, kaliuresis and excretion fractions of sodium and potassium did not change after metoclopramide. We conclude that normal doses of metoclopramide (< 0.2 mg kg-1) do not antagonize the renal effects of a low-dose infusion of dopamine in critically ill patients.
Non‐cholinergic Toxicity of Organophosphates in Mammals: Interaction of Ethaphos with Mitochondrial Functions

The effect of the organophosphorus insecticide O‐ethyl‐S‐propyl‐2, 4‐dichlorophenylphosphorothioate (ethaphos) on mitochondrial functions was studied. It was shown that ethaphos interacts with mitchondrial oxidative metabolism and inhibits oxidation of succinate, α‐glycerophosphate and pyruvate+malate at concentrations of 100, 75 and 50 μg mg−1 mitochondrial protein, respectively. Mitochondria treated with ethaphos show no changes in the inner membrane permeability and activity of cytochromes of the respiratory chain. Ethaphos has no inhibitory effect on the activity of mitochondrial ATPase. Addition of the electron donor pair (ascorbic acid + N,N,N′,N′‐tetramethyl‐p‐phenylenediamine) to ethaphos‐treated mitochondria restored the respiration and membrane potential. The membrane potential also can be re‐established in poisoned mitochondria by the addition of exogenous ATP. Based on the data obtained we show that mitochondrial dysfunctions induced by ethaphos can be partially eliminated and mitochondrial functions can be restored using artificial electron donors and/or through increasing the cytosolic ATP level.
PATTERNS AND TRENDS OF SOIL CLIMATE REGIMES AND DROUGHT EVENTS IN THE NORTHERN GREAT PLAINS

Drought is the dominant process of crop loss nationally and within Nebraska. Nearly twothirds of the 18.6 million harvested acres are covered by crop insurance (USDA/RMA, 2003; USDA/NASS, 2003). For the most part, Nebraska’s crop losses range from $50 to 75 million in non-drought years, but the losses approach nearly $200 million in drought years, such as 2000. The past growing season (2002) crop losses are projected to greatly exceed $375 million in Nebraska and more than $4 billion nationally (USDA/RMA, 2003). The analysis and understanding of drought processes in the Great Plains is an important component to developing drought mitigation strategies and reducing agricultural risks on the landscape. In building a drought decision support system for Nebraska, we have proposed a suite of drought indices linked to geospatial databases describing the agricultural statistics or infrastructure to identify drought regions and potential impacts. Most approaches to visualizing drought indices, such as the traditional Palmer Drought Severity Index (PDSI; Palmer, 1965), Standardized Precipitation Index (SPI; McKee et al., 1993; 1995), and the Drought Monitor (Svoboda et al., 2002) are small-scale maps that provide a regional (climate divisions) or national perspective, emphasizing current conditions. Most mapping approaches do not integrate thematic overlays of the agricultural infrastructure or provide the historical context, relative to agroecosystems, cropping systems, or the potential economic liabilities. In our research, we are describing the geography of agriculture, its vulnerabilities, and the drought characteristics at multiple temporal and spatial scales to enhance the understanding of drought risks.
Selective knockout of intramuscular interstitial cells reveals their role in the generation of slow waves in mouse stomach

1 Intracellular recording techniques were used to compare the patterns of electrical activity generated in the antral region of the stomachs of wild‐type and W/WV mutant mice. Immunohistochemical techniques were used to determine the distribution of c‐kit‐positive interstitial cells of Cajal (ICC) within the same region of the stomach. 2 In wild‐type mice interstitial cells were found at the level of the myenteric plexus (ICCMY) and distributed within the smooth muscle bundles (ICCIM). In these preparations slow waves, which consisted of initial and secondary components, were detected. 3 In W/WV mutant mice ICCMY could be identified at the level of the myenteric plexus but ICCIM were not detected within smooth muscle bundles. Intracellular recordings revealed that smooth muscle cells generated waves of depolarization; these lacked a secondary component. 4 These results indicate that the secondary regenerative component of a slow wave is generated by ICCIM. Thus the depolarization arising from the pacemaker cells, ICCMY, is augmented by ICCIM, so causing a substantial membrane depolarization in the circular muscle layer. Rather than contributing directly to rhythmical electrical activity, smooth muscle cells appear to depolarize at the command of the two subpopulations of ICC.
Influence of additives with low melting temperatures on structure, microstructure, phase transitions and dielectric properties of BiScO3-PbTiO3 ceramics

Ceramic solid solutions on base of 0.36BiScO<sub>3</sub> -0.64PbTiO<sub>3</sub> compositions doped by additives Bi<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>, Ni<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>, MnO<sub>2</sub>, and LiF with low melting temperatures were prepared by the solid state reaction method. Phase formation, microstructure and dielectric properties of modified ceramics were studied. Dense single phase samples characterized by the average grain size varied from submicron till tens mm were obtained at lower temperatures. Influence of additives on dielectric properties and on the effects of dielectric relaxation was revealed.
Cadaveric and MRI study of the musculotendinous contributions to the capsule of the symphysis pubis.

OBJECTIVE The purpose of this article is to define the relations of the symphysis pubis and capsular tissues to the adductor and rectus abdominis soft-tissue attachments on cadaver dissection and correlate with MRI of the anterior pelvis. SUBJECTS AND METHODS Seventeen cadavers (8 males and 9 females; mean age, 80 years) were dissected bilaterally. Rectus abdominis and adductor muscles were traced to the pubis and further attachments to the pubic symphysis were defined. Ten asymptomatic (mean age, 17; age range, 16.5-29 years) male athletes underwent 1.5-T MRI of the anterior pelvis with two surface microcoils (each 42 mm in diameter). An axial T2-weighted turbo spin-echo (TSE) sequence (TR/TE, 2,609/106; voxel size, 0.4 mm) was obtained. Axial and sagittal 3D T1-weighted fast-field echo (FFE) sequences (25/4.9; voxel size, 0.3 mm) were obtained. Sequences were repeated incorporating fat suppression and i.v. gadolinium. The relation of the symphysis pubis, disk, and capsular tissues to the insertions of the rectus abdominis, adductor muscles, and gracilis were independently evaluated by two experienced radiologists blinded to all clinical details. RESULTS In all 17 cadaver specimens, the adductor longus and rectus abdominis attached to the capsule and disk of the symphysis pubis, whereas the adductor brevis had an attachment to the capsule in seven specimens and the gracilis in one. All adductor tendons attached to the pubis. In all 10 athletes, the adductor longus and rectus abdominis bilaterally contributed to the capsular tissues and disk. This was only the case for the adductor brevis in four athletes. No other tendons involved the capsular tissues. CONCLUSION Cadaver and MRI findings show an intimate relationship between the adductor longus; rectus abdominis; and symphyseal cartilage, disk, and capsular tissues.
[A study of invasive factor in bladder cancer--elastase-like activity as a marker of bladder cancer invasiveness].

In the process of cancer invasion, the important role of proteolytic enzymes released from the cancer cells has been indicated. But there has been hitherto no report about proteolytic enzymes in bladder cancer. From this point of view, we investigated elastase-like activity in bladder cancer to predict the potential of bladder cancer invasion. Enzymatic assay was done by the use of succinyl trialanine paranitroanilide (Suc-Alai-NA), a synthetic substrate of elastase. Elastase hydrolyzes Suc-Alai-NA into Suc-Alai and NA. But recently, the production of NA by proteases other than elastase has been reported. The mechanism of liberating NA consists of two steps of enzymatic reactions, that is, Ala-Na and Ala2-NA are produced by endopeptidases and then NA is liberated from Ala-NA and Ala2-NA by aminopeptidases. In order to distinguish elastase-like activity from the liberation of NA in the process described above, we added amastatin, an inhibitor of aminopeptidases, in the enzymatic assay. And, by using the high performance liquid chromatographic system, we detected Suc-Alai-NA hydrolyzing activities in cancer tissues taken from 20 patients with bladder cancer and in 17 specimens of bladder epitheliums without cancer invasion. The results were as follows: 1) Elastase-like activity and endopeptidases activities in the bladder cancer tissues were significantly higher than those in the bladder epitheliums. 2) Elastase-like activity in the invasive bladder cancer with 'muscle invasion was significantly higher than that in the superficial bladder cancer. These results suggest that elastase-like activity might serve as a biochemical marker for the invasive potential of bladder cancer.
Leveraging software search and reuse with automated software adaptation

Research on software reuse over the last decade has removed a lot of obstacles to its practical adoption. However, despite the claims in the software reuse literature of 1990's there are still some fundamental research challenges to be addressed, especially the problem of delivering “good” (i.e. high quality) search results with high precision and semantic recall. In terms of precision, one of the most promising approach to have emerged in recent years is test-driven search which only includes components in the result set that actually match a developers behavioral requirements as defined by a test case. However, the test-driven search prototypes available today currently have a low semantic recall because they are unable to find semantically matching components which have the wrong syntactic interface. In this paper we describe an automatic adaptation engine that alleviates this problem by automatically creating adapters to allow semantically mismatching components to be tested by test-driven search engines, thus significantly enhancing their semantic recall.
A Cervicovaginal-Secretion Agglutination Test For The Diagnosis Of Vibriosis In Cattle.

The use of cervicovaginal-secretion agglutination test as an aid in the diagnosis of Vibrio foetus infection in the bovine species has been suggested by several workers (1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8). This paper concerns an agglutination test employing a technique whereby antibodies are extracted from cervicovaginal secretion (CVS). A description of the technique was forwarded by J. R. Lawson (9) to Chas. A. Mitchell, Chief, Animal Pathology Division, Canada Agri-culture.
Complications arising from cardiac implantable electrophysiological devices: review of epidemiology, pathogenesis and prevention for the clinician

ABSTRACT Cardiac implantable electronic devices (CIEDs) which include devices such as permanent pacemakers, implantable cardioverter-defibrillators and cardiac resynchronization therapy devices are well established therapies that have been shown to improve quality of life and prolong survival in appropriately selected patients, and are being increasing utilized across the world. However, CIED implantations are invasive procedures and a thorough understanding of the potential complications is required to prevent deleterious patient outcomes. In this review, we will discuss frequent complications (infection, hematoma or bleeding, and procedural mechanical complications) that may harm patients after CIED implantation, and the steps that can be taken to minimize their risk. This is particularly relevant to trainees/ clinicians who either perform these procedures or refer patients for CIED implantation.
Radiation and Fault Injection Testing of a Fine-Grained Error Detection Technique for FPGAs

We present the experimental evaluation of a fine-grained hardening approach that exploits underused and abundant resources found in state-of-the-art SRAM-based FPGAs to detect radiation-induced errors on configuration memories. The technique's main goal is to provide the benefits of fine-grained redundancy, namely improved diagnosis and reduced error latency, with a reduced area overhead. Neutron experiments, validated with fault injection campaigns, demonstrate the proposed technique's efficiency when compared to the traditional dual modular redundancy.
Primary bone lymphoma: radiographic-MR imaging correlation.

Primary bone lymphoma is an uncommon malignancy that accounts for less than 5% of all primary bone tumors. The radiographic appearances of primary bone lymphoma are variable, and, because the lesion can appear near normal on plain radiographs, a second modality such as bone scintigraphy or magnetic resonance (MR) imaging should be used. Despite this variability, the presence of a solitary, permeative, metadiaphyseal lesion with a layered periosteal reaction on plain radiographs and a soft-tissue mass on MR images, especially in a patient older than 30 years, is highly suggestive of lymphoma. The case for a diagnosis of primary bone lymphoma is further strengthened if the soft-tissue mass and marrow changes are associated with surprisingly little cortical destruction. Primary bone lymphoma has a better prognosis than many other malignant bone tumors; therefore, early identification allows for appropriate treatment. MR imaging not only permits early identification but also depicts the extent of soft-tissue involvement and can be used to assess the outcome of treatment.
Surfactant replacement reverse respiratory failure induced by intratracheal endotoxin in rats.

OBJECTIVE To evaluate the effect of surfactant replacement on respiratory failure induced by intratracheal injection of endotoxin in rats. DESIGN Prospective, randomized study. SETTING Laboratory at a large university. SUBJECTS Male Wistar rats, weighing 353 +/- 50 (SD) g. INTERVENTIONS Escherichia coli endotoxin (53 +/- 19 mg/kg) was injected into the trachea of 32 rats anesthetized with pentobarbital and mechanically ventilated with an FIO2 of 1.0. After PaO2 decreased to < 200 torr (< 26.7 kPa), the rats were assigned to three groups: a) a surfactant group (n = 16), given a modified natural surfactant suspension (100 mg/kg in 2.0 mL/kg of saline) by instillation into the airway; b) a saline control group (n = 8), given 2.0 mL/kg of saline; and c) an air control group (n = 8), given 2.0 mL/kg of air. An additional nine rats were ventilated in the same way but were not given endotoxin. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS Among the rats receiving endotoxin, the PaO2 of the saline and air control groups remained < 200 torr (< 26.7 kPa), while PaO2 of the surfactant group increased to 390 +/- 116 torr (52.0 +/- 15.5 kPa; p < .05 vs. the preassignment value) 15 mins after the assignment. These high levels were maintained throughout the experiment. Surfactant replacement also led to significant improvements in the PaCO2, the dynamic lung-thorax compliance, the pressure-volume recordings of the lung, and the chest roentgenograms. Histologic examination showed that the alveoli of the surfactant group were better aerated than the alveoli of the control groups. Findings in the rats not given endotoxin were almost normal, indicating that the influences of mechanical ventilation were negligible. CONCLUSION Surfactant replacement reversed respiratory failure induced by intratracheal injection of endotoxin in rats.
La regulación contable española y el modelo normativo IASC: Un debate sobre su adaptación

La Comision Europea parece haber decidido orientar las normas contables de los paises de la Union hacia los estandares contables emitidos por el I. A. S. C. En el articulo se alerta sobre los cambios maximalistas, proponiendo en cambio reformar las normas espanolas susceptibles de mejora o incorporar aquellas que cubren lagunas existentes, pero manteniendo aquellos extremos en los que la practica contable de nuestro pais es superior. Se hace una exhaustiva revision de ejemplos comparando la normativa espanola con la del I. A. S. C. , senalando en cada uno de ellos una recomendacion para orientar la traslacion de normativa
A data mining driven approach to real-time classroom feedback through multimodal sensing

The communication of complex concepts is a challenge for teachers, not only in primary and secondary schools but in university classrooms. In order to adapt and maximize the impact of the lectures on the class, it is necessary that teachers receive frequent and reliable feedback from their students. Currently, such feedback is typically gathered through written quizzes or surveys, which cannot accurately measure levels of student engagement in real time over the course of a full lecture. In this paper, we present a novel data mining driven approach for gathering classroom feedback by digitally analyzing student body language. We use a multimodal sensor to precisely record students’ body language in real time, and use classification rule mining to compare the body language data with feedback obtained with written surveys. From the methodology proposed, insights will be gained into the feasibility of using digital body language analysis to accurately assess levels of student engagement.
Applicability of chromosome-specific SSR wheat markers for the introgression of Triticum urartu in durum wheat breeding programmes

Triticum urartu, the A-genome donor of tetraploid and hexaploid wheats, is a potential source of novel alleles for crop improvement. A fertile amphiploid between T. urartu (2n = 2x = 14; AuAu) and durum wheat cv ‘Yavaros’ (Triticum turgidum ssp. durum; 2n = 4x = 28, AABB) was obtained as a first step to making the genetic variability of the wild ancestor available to durum wheat breeding. The amphiploid was backcrossed with ‘Yavaros’ and the offspring from this cross was selfed. A plant from this progeny (founder line) with 28 chromosomes and active x and y subunits of the Glu-A1 locus of T. urartu was selfed, which resulted in the obtaining of 98 pre-introgression lines (pre-ILs). In this work, a set of 78 wheat chromosome-specific microsatellite markers (simple sequence repeats, SSR), uniformly distributed over the A genome, was used for marker-assisted selection of T. urartu in a durum wheat background. A total of 57 SSRs allowed a clear discrimination between T. urartu and ‘Yavaros’. This set of markers was further used for characterizing the pre-ILs, identifying and defining the T. urartu introgressed regions. The applicability of these markers is discussed.
Dopamine agonists reorient visual exploration away from the neglected hemispace

Objective: To study the effects of bromocriptine, a dopamine agonist, on visual search. Background: The anatomic substrate of spatial attention takes the form of a distributed network with interconnected cortical (frontal, parietal, and cingulate) and subcortical (striatal and thalamic) components. Dopamine appears to exert a modulatory effect on the function of this network. Methods: Seven consecutive right-handed subjects with right-sided cerebral lesions were studied using a computerized target search paradigm. Eye movements were recorded. Results: Bromocriptine caused the subjects to spend more time exploring the ipsilesional hemispace and therefore increased the relative neglect of the contralesional left hemispace. However, target detection accuracy did not change. Bromocriptine thus had a differential impact on the exploratory-motor versus sensory-perceptual components of directed attention. Conclusions: Our results show that bromocriptine may worsen some aspects of hemispatial neglect in patients with lesions that include the postsynaptic components of ascending dopaminergic pathways.