Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Induction of FoxP 3 and acquisition of T regulatory activity by stimulated human CD 4 + CD 25 – T cells

CD4+CD25+ regulatory T (TR) cells have been described in both humans and mice. In mice, TR are thymically derived, and lack of TR leads to organ-specific autoimmunity. Recently, the forkhead/winged helix transcription factor, FoxP3, has been shown to be important for the function of TR cells in mice. In this study, human TR cells were examined and, in results similar to those of studies done in mice, expression of FoxP3 was found exclusively in CD4+CD25+ T cells and correlated with the suppressive activity of these cells. In contrast to the mouse studies, activation of human CD4+CD25– T cells led to expression of FoxP3. Expression of FoxP3 in activated human CD4+CD25+ cells also correlated with suppression of proliferation by these cells in freshly isolated CD4+CD25– T cells from the same donor. This suppression was cell-contact dependent and cytokine independent. Thus, in humans, during activation of CD4+CD25– T cells in an immune response, two populations of cells may arise, effector CD4+CD25+ and regulatory CD4+CD25+ T cells, with expression of FoxP3 correlated with regulatory activity. These data also raise the possibility that a failure to generate peripheral TR cells properly may contribute to autoimmune disease and suggest a possible therapeutic role for FoxP3 in the treatment of such diseases. Article Immunology
Numerical discretization of Hamilton-Jacobi equations on networks

We discuss a numerical discretization of Hamilton--Jacobi equations on networks. The latter arise for example as reformulation of the Lighthill--Whitham--Richards traffic flow model. We present coupling conditions for the Hamilton--Jacobi equations and derive a suitable numerical algorithm. Numerical computations of travel times in a round-about are given.
Bilateral Congenital Anorchia in Three Siblings

ered at home by spontaneous vaginal delivery. At birth, all were noted to have small penises, with the urethral opening at the tip. The scrotum was small and empty in all of them. They were reared as males, and all had apparently normal growth and development. The two older brothers had male psychosexual orientation. At 13 years of age, the oldest child developed progressive enlargement of the breasts, but failed to develop secondary sexual characteristics (i.e., facial hair, voice change, acne, or genital growth.) Family histories of both father and mother were noncontributory. The patient’s only sister is an 18year-old, normal female; in addition, there is one brother, age 6 years, who has normal testes and normal penile length. The relevant physical findings of the three children are listed in
A 15-nW per Sensor Interference-Immune Readout IC for Capacitive Touch Sensors

This paper presents a readout IC that uses an asynchronous capacitance-to-digital-converter (CDC) to digitize the capacitance of a touch sensor. A power-efficient tracking algorithm ensures that the CDC consumes negligible power consumption in the absence of touch events. To facilitate its use in wake-on-touch applications, the CDC can be periodically triggered by a co-integrated ultra-low-power relaxation oscillator. At a 38-Hz scan rate, the readout IC consumes 15 nW per touch sensor, which is the lowest reported to date.
VoIP call admission control for last mile Wireless Mesh Networks

IEEE 802.11 wireless mesh networks emerge as an alternative to provide an infrastructure for last mile access networks in remote areas. The meshed topology provides good reliability, low cost, market coverage and scalability. However due to the shared nature of wireless medium, which limits the available network bandwidth, it is necessary to implement an effective load control scheme that enable the use of wireless mesh networks for real-time applications. This work proposes a centralized admission control scheme to provide acceptable QoS for real-time applications. We demonstrate the usability of our admission control scheme to provide VoIP access for existing remotes areas connected via satellite link.
Ultraviolet radiation, toxic chemicals and amphibian population declines

Abstract. As part of an overall ‘biodiversity crisis’, many amphibian populations are in decline throughout the world. Numerous factors have contributed to these declines, including habitat destruction, pathogens, increasing ultraviolet (UV) radiation, introduced non‐native species and contaminants. In this paper we review the contribution of increasing UV radiation and environmental contamination to the global decline of amphibian populations. Both UV radiation and environmental contaminants can affect amphibians at all life stages. Exposure to UV radiation and to certain contaminants can kill amphibians and induce sublethal affects in embryos, larvae and adults. Moreover, UV radiation and contaminants may interact with one another synergistically. Synergistic interactions of UV radiation with contaminants can enhance the detrimental effects of the contaminant and UV radiation.
Coordinate-guided U-Net for automated breast segmentation on MRI images

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) plays an important role in breast cancer detection and diagnosis. Breast region segmentation on MRI images is an essential step for many analysis tasks such as the assessment of background parenchymal enhancement (BPE), the analysis of non-mass enhancement (NME) and investigation of the tumor characteristics. However, automated breast segmentation remains a challenge because the noisy background and the blurred boundary between breast and pectoral muscle on MRI images. In this study, we developed a coordinate-guided U-Net (CU-Net) to identify the boundary of the breast on MRI images. The CU-Net applied the breast position information to the segmentation of breast by adding the X coordinate channel and Y coordinate channel to the input image. A dataset of 80 3D bilateral breast MRI scans including 64 cases in training/validation set and 16 cases in test set were collected. All the input images were resized to 256×256 pixels and the intensity are cropped and rescaled according to the percentile of cumulative histogram to normalize the image. To add X and Y coordinate channels, the middle point of the breast-air boundary was detected as the origin of coordinates. The position of each pixel in the coordinates was then encoded into the input of the network. The CU-Net was evaluated with three measures: the dice coefficient (Dice), the intersection over union (IoU) and the hausdorff distance (Hdist). The results of CU-Net were compared to those obtained with U-Net method. In the test set including 16 cases, the mean Dice, the mean IoU, and the mean Hdist of CUNet were 94.1±1.1%, 92.5±1.3%, and 6.17±1.4 mm, while the corresponding measures by U-Net were 91.4±2.4%, 89.7±1.7%, and 6.98±1.5 mm, respectively. The results showed that our CU-Net was able to segment breast on MRI images reliably and was more accurate comparing to the U-Net.
On the difference of two chi-square variates with application to outage probability computation

An expression for the cumulative distribution function evaluated at zero of the difference of two chi-square variates with different number of degrees of freedom is derived and applied to the outage probability computation of cellular mobile radio systems in fading channels. In particular, a generic result is developed for this probability which takes on several forms, the simplest of which, is a single integral with finite limits and an integrand composed of elementary (exponential and trigonometric) functions. The results are applicable to cellular systems that are subject to independent identically distributed (i.i.d.) interfering signals and that employ maximal-ratio combining reception over i.i. d. diversity paths. Various fading channel models are assumed for the desired signal and interferers. For each desired signal/interferer combination, the outage probability is expressed in closed form in terms of a set of parameters that characterize the particular scenario. A tabulation of these various scenarios and their associated parameters for channels of practical interest is included.
Impact of Neutral Point Current Control on Copper Loss Distribution of Five Phase PM Generators Used in Wind Power Plants

Efficiency improvement under faulty conditions is one of the main objectives of fault tolerant PM drives. This goal can be achieved by increasing the output power while reducing the losses. Stator copper loss not only directly affects the total efficiency, but also plays an important role in thermal stress generations of iron core. In this paper, the effect of having control on neutral point current is studied on the efficiency of five-phase permanent magnet machines. Open circuit fault is considered for both one and two phases, and the distribution of copper loss along the windings are evaluated in each case. It is shown that only by having access to neutral point, it is possible to generate less stator thermal stress and more mechanical power in five-phase permanent magnet generators. Wind power generation and their applications are kept in mind, and the results are verified via simulations and experimental tests on an outer-rotor type of five-phase PM machine.
Composite Behavioral Modeling for Identity Theft Detection in Online Social Networks

In this work, we aim at building a bridge from coarse behavioral data to an effective, quick-response, and robust behavioral model for online identity theft detection. We concentrate on this issue in online social networks (OSNs) where users usually have composite behavioral records, consisting of multidimensional low-quality data, e.g., offline check-ins and online user-generated content (UGC). As an insightful result, we validate that there is a complementary effect among different dimensions of records for modeling users’ behavioral patterns. To deeply exploit such a complementary effect, we propose a joint (instead of fused) model to capture both online and offline features of a user’s composite behavior. We evaluate the proposed joint model by comparing it with typical models and their fused model on two real-world datasets: Foursquare and Yelp. The experimental results show that our model outperforms the existing ones, with the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) values 0.956 in Foursquare and 0.947 in Yelp, respectively. Particularly, the recall (true positive rate) can reach up to 65.3% in Foursquare and 72.2% in Yelp with the corresponding disturbance rate (false-positive rate) below 1%. It is worth mentioning that these performances can be achieved by examining only one composite behavior, which guarantees the low response latency of our method. This study would give the cybersecurity community new insights into whether and how real-time online identity authentication can be improved via modeling users’ composite behavioral patterns.
Computational Fluid Dynamics Modeling of a Lithium/Thionyl Chloride Battery with Electrolyte Flow

This paper is a continuation of the recent series of work to explore computational fluid dynamics (CFD) techniques in conjunction with experimentation for fundamental battery research. The application of interest in this work is a lithium/thionyl chloride primary battery. As a power source, this battery has many desirable characteristics such as high energy and power densities, high operating cell voltage, excellent voltage stability over 95% of the discharge, and a large operating temperature range. As such, there has been a number of one-dimensional modeling studies 1-6 in the literature. Modeling efforts by Szpak et al. 1 and Cho 2 focused on the battery’s high-rate discharge and the ensuing thermal behavior. Other modeling efforts employed concentrated solution theory and porous electrode theory in the various regions of the cell ( e.g., separator, porous cathode) to develop one-dimensional models of the battery. 3-6 These models examined utilization issues at low to moderate currents, but they differ in how the excess electrolyte was treated. In the lithium/thionyl chloride cell, the solvent is also the reactant, and the volume it occupies is more than that of the reaction products. Therefore, more electrolyte is placed in the cell than can occupy the initial void volume of the separator and porous cathode. The excess electrolyte resides in the head space volume above the active regions. Due to the one-dimensional nature of their models, Tsaur and Pollard 3 and Evans et al. 4 introduced a fictitious reservoir region between the separator and the porous cathode. In these models, the electrolyte fills uniformly from this reservoir region, through the separator, and into the cathode. In contrast, Jain et al. 5,6 modified the one-dimensional equations so that the electrolyte flows from the head space directly into the porous cathode, thus replicating flow in a second, perpendicular direction. An advantage of this latter approach is that the model can predict the drying of the cell due to insufficient electrolyte loading. While these one-dimensional models are simple and efficient at predicting the discharge of a Li/SOCl 2 battery, a multidimensional model fully accounting for the electrolyte flow without making ad hoc approximations is deemed valuable to gain a more fundamental understanding of the processes that occurr in this battery system. The present paper describes such a model and a finite-volume method of CFD to simulate a Li/SOCl 2 battery in the operating regime of low to intermediate discharge rates. The model uses the physical parameters estimated from experimental data 6 to predict discharge curves accurately at various temperatures.
Clearance of hepatitis B e antigen in patients with chronic hepatitis B and genotypes A, B, C, D, and F.

BACKGROUND & AIMS Persistence of hepatitis B e antigen (HBeAg) in chronic hepatitis B has been associated with increased risk for development of cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. Five hepatitis B virus genotypes were identified in Alaska Native persons; we analyzed clearance of HBeAg by age and genotype. METHODS In this prospective cohort study, 1158 Alaska Native persons throughout Alaska were tested serially for HBeAg for a median of 20.5 years and were genotyped. Initial and final HBeAg-positive specimens, time to clearance, age at clearance, and subsequent HBeAg results were analyzed for persons initially HBeAg-positive. Subsequent HBeAg results were analyzed for persons initially negative. RESULTS Genotypes A, B, C, D, and F were identified. Genotype C persons initially HBeAg-positive were more likely than those with other genotypes to be positive on initial and final specimens (P < .001 for each) and time to HBeAg clearance was longer (P < .001). Age at which 50% of persons cleared HBeAg was <20 years for those infected with genotypes A, B, D, and F and 47.8 years in genotype C (P < .001). After losing HBeAg, those with genotypes C and F were more likely to revert to the HBeAg-positive state (P < .001). CONCLUSIONS Genotype may have a strong effect on mode of transmission and outcome. Genotype C may have been responsible for most perinatal transmission, given that seroconversion from HBeAg occurs decades later than in other genotypes.
Stability of the JP2 Clone of Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans

The JP2 clone of Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans is strongly associated with aggressive periodontitis. To obtain information about colonization dynamics of the JP2 clone, we used PCR to examine its presence in 365 Moroccan juveniles from whom periodontal plaque samples were collected at baseline and after one and two years. Periodontal attachment loss was measured at baseline and at the two-year follow-up. At baseline, 43 (12%) carriers of the JP2 clone were found. Nearly half (44 %) of these were persistently colonized with the clone. The relative risk for the development of aggressive periodontitis, adjusted for the concomitant presence of other genotypes of A. actinomycetemcomitans, was highest for individuals continuously infected by the JP2 clone (RR = 13.9; 95% CI, 9.0 to 21.4), indicating a relationship between infectious dose and disease, which further substantiates the evidence for the JP2 clone as a causal factor in aggressive periodontitis.
Vacancy encounter model for stochastically fluctuating electric field gradients in the Cu3Au crystal structure

ABSTRACT A class of experimental techniques known as hyperfine methods can be used to measure electric field gradients (EFGs) through the hyperfine interaction experienced by tracer nuclei. When EFGs fluctuate at rates comparable to the inverse characteristic timescale of the hyperfine method, there is a loss of signal coherence that can be used to determine EFG fluctuation rates. This has been used to measure, for example, EFG fluctuations accompanying atomic jumps of radiotracers using perturbed angular correlation spectroscopy (PAC). Nominally, there is a one-to-one correspondence between EFG fluctuation and tracer jump, but when tracer jumps are mediated by a vacancy diffusion mechanism, a subset of multiple tracer-vacancy exchanges will not affect spectra when they occur much faster than the hyperfine timescale, leading to an underestimate of underlying tracer jump rate if this correlated random-walk effect is not taken into consideration. The present work calculates the factor by which EFG fluctuation rate differs from tracer jump rate based on a time-dependent, random-walk analysis of tracer displacement probabilities in a vacancy encounter model for the special case of self-diffusion in the L12 crystal structure.
Adaptive background updating algorithm for traffic congestion detection based on Kalman filtering and inter-frame centroid distanc

As current video based vehicle detection algorithms can not detect the traffic congestion accurately, this paper presents a new adaptive background updating algorithm based on Kalman filtering and inter-frame centroid distance. Firstly, a Gauss mixture background model is set up to extract the moving vehicles. Then, with Kalman filtering method, the moving vehicles are tracked to identify their motion states. This method predicts the centroid position of the next frame vehicles. The Euclidean distance of the centroids of the adjacent frames vehicles are counted and the appropriate threshold is set up to realize the identification and the mark of stationary vehicles in the video. This improved background updating algorithms can better judge the traffic congestion, and it lays a foundation for improving the accuracy rate of the detection of traffic flow. The proposed algorithm has been tested for multiple traffic videos. The results show that the algorithm is of good real-time ability, environmental adaptability and accuracy.
Novel comment filtering approach based on outlier on streaming data

This is the preliminary work for a project which will be filtering comments made on news and papers automatically. Our database has over 1 million news and comments. Due to the intensity of our data, 30.677 comments made on 15.064 articles on 44 different categories are used as experimental data. Proposed anomaly based method have been obtained fast and high accuracy results without the high storage requirement and high computational complexity with respect to other classification based methods on literature.
A comparison of 43-Gb/s POLMUX-RZ-DPSK and POLMUX-RZ-DQPSK modulation for long-haul transmission systems

We compare the suitability of 43-Gb/s POLMUX-RZ-DPSK and POLMUX-RZ-DQPSK modulation for long-haul optical transmission. We experimentally demonstrate that the higher robustness against nonlinear impairments of 43-Gb/s POLMUX-RZ-DPSK allows for a ~40% increase in feasible transmission distance.
UWB Configurable YRO

Ultrawideband (UWB) has drawn the interest among the research and wireless communication communities due to its configurability and adaptability, which enables it to coexist with many concurrent services. YIG (Yttrium-Iron- Garnet) based signal sources are renowned for their configurability, wideband tunability and ability to generate high spectral purity signal at microwave frequency. However, YIG based signal sources are costly, power hungry, and not suited for fabrication by current integrated circuit (IC) technology. Nor are they immune to electromagnetic interference (EMI), vibration effects, microphonics, phase hits, and frequency modulation. This paper discusses the technology of the YIG replacement oscillator (YRO) as a UWB configurable signal source, which is cost effective and easily amenable for integration in IC form.
Construcción de un corpus marcado con emociones para el análisis de sentimientos en Twitter en español

El analisis de sentimientos (AS) trata de manera computacional opiniones, sentimientos y subjetividad en textos, asi como crece exponencialmente en redes sociales y sobre varios problemas. Presentamos el desarrollo de un corpus emocional basado en tweets para el espanol analizado a mano con la finalidad de crear automaticamente recursos de mayor tamano y calidad. Se muestra que Twitter se usa tanto para expresar emociones positivas que negativas, al menos en espanol. Tambien nuestra investigacion explora los estudios mas relevantes del area en Twitter para brindar un panorama a investigaciones futuras exponiendo carencias y posibles direcciones.
Pitfalls in Pacemaker Implant for Hypersensitivity of the Carotid Sinus

mixed, when asystole and hypotension co-occur in the same patient [10,14]. European Society of Cardiology, ESC, Task Force on Syncope recommends CSM in individuals over 40 years in the investigation of unexplained syncope [15]. CSM requires massage performed for 10 seconds on both sides in both supine and upright positions [15]. There is little agreement among different authors on the relative prevalence of these mechanisms. Differences in methods of blood pressure assessment may explain some of these discrepancies. The following case illustrates how a misinterpretation of the hemodynamic response to carotid sinus massage may delay the correct diagnosis and perpetuate the occurrence of syncope.
Estimación de irradiancia solar aplicando el algoritmo HELIOSAT 1 con imágenes satelitales GOES en la Región Cundiboyacense para el Año 2011

Las diversas actividades que se relacionan con la captacion y analisis de la energia solar, trabajan con mediciones de irradiancia con porcentajes de incertidumbre que oscilan entre el 10% y 20 %. Sin embargo, en el pais, las estimaciones obtenidas a partir de mediciones terrestres,se sustentan en modelos de interpolacion que en las zonas lejanas a las estaciones de medicion, superan los niveles de confianza requeridos. Por lo tanto, la presente investigacion plantea estimar la componente de irradiancia solar con una resolucion espacial de 1 x 1 km2 para densifi car la cantidad de estas mediciones, tomando como zona de estudio la region Cundiboyacense para el ano 2011. Para llevar a cabo esto, se aplica el algoritmo HELIOSAT 1 en imagenes satelitales del sensor remoto GOES. Los resultados se contrastan con mediciones terrestres, alcanzando en la estimacion niveles de incertidumbre aceptables.