Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
ORGANIC MATTER DECOMPOSITION , NITROGEN RECYCLING , AND OXYGEN CONSUMPTION IN THE MISSISSIPPI RIVER PLUME / GULF SHELF REGION

Introduction The Mississippi River is one of the largest rivers in the world, ranking sixth in terms of discharge and seventh in terms of sediment load (Milliman and Meade 1983). The Mississippi drains an extensive area covering 41% of the contiguous continental USA (Turner and Rabalais 1991) that includes agricultural lands and major metropolitan centers. An understanding of the dynamics of materials introduced by the Mississippi into the Gulf of Mexico is necessary to quantify the impact of the River on the coastal ecosystem. The outflow of the River contributes more than 70% of the freshwater input into the Gulf of Mexico (Deegan et al. 1986) and is a major source of organic (Malcolm and Durum 1976) and inorganic materials (Fox et al. 1987; Turner and Rabalais 1991). The discharge of these materials into the Gulf is likely to significantly affect the productivity and trophic dynamics of coastal ecosystems. Riverbome inorganic nutrients appear to support the high rates of primary production measured on the Louisiana continental shelf (Sklar and Turner 1981; Lohrenz et al. 1990), and the subsequent decomposition of this freshly produced organic matter in addition to organic matter introduced by the river contributes to the observed hypoxic conditions during the summer in bottom waters near the Mississippi River delta (Rabalais et al. 1991). Decomposition of organic matter, mediated by bacteria and other heterotrophic organisms, is critical to both nutrient supply and oxygen depletion in the Gulf of Mexico. Organic matter decomposition resupplies mineralized nutrients to primary producers and also exerts an oxygen demand that contributes to the development of hypoxia during the summer in bottom waters near the Mississippi River delta. Heterotrophic bacteria are the major consumers of dissolved organic matter (DOM) (Wright 1984) and dissolved oxygen (Williams 1984) whereas animals also contribute to the breakdown and mineralization of particulate organic matter (POM). Estimates of
A review of structural health monitoring literature 1996-2001

Staff members at Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL) produced a summary of the structural health monitoring literature in 1995. This presentation will summarize the outcome of an updated review covering the years 1996 2001. The updated review follows the LANL statistical pattern recognition paradigm for SHM, which addresses four topics: 1. Operational Evaluation; 2. Data Acquisition and Cleansing; 3. Feature Extraction; and 4. Statistical Modeling for Feature Discrimination. The literature has been reviewed based on how a particular study addresses these four topics. A significant observation from this review is that although there are many more SHM studies being reported, the investigators, in general, have not yet fully embraced the well-developed tools from statistical pattern recognition. As such, the discrimination procedures employed are often lacking the appropriate rigor necessary for this technology to evolve beyond demonstration problems carried out in laboratory setting.
Estimação Bayesiana em Modelos de Regressão Complemento Log-Log

Resumo: Este trabalho utiliza os métodos de estimação Bayesiana em Modelos de Regressão Complemento Log-Log, também conhecidos como regressão extremito. O processo de estimação baseia-se nos trabalhos de [1] e [5], que utilizam variáveis latentes no processo de estimação dos parâmetros dos modelos de Regressão Probito e Loǵıstico, respectivamente, a partir do Amostrador de Gibbs([3]). São feitas aplicações em dados categorizados já utilizados na literatura em ajustes com outros modelos, para comparação das metodologias.
Exploring Association between Neighbourhood Green Space and Physical Activity of Elderly in High Density Cities A Case Study of Hong Kong

Physical activities provide an important way for elderly people to stay health. It is widely documented that the environment in which older people live plays an important role in promoting or inhibiting physical activity. In particular, green space has been recognized as an important behaviour setting for physical activity. The aim of this study is to explore the association between neighbourhood green space and elderly physical activity in Hong Kong, a typical high density and aging city in the world. In this study, (1) we analyse and assess the neighbourhood green space in Hong Kong using satellite-observed normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI), (2) we study the physical walking activity of elderly people from a prospective cohort study of 4,000 older people in Hong Kong between 2001 and 2009, and (3) we obtained the neighbourhood green space for each of the 4000 elderly by calculate the area ratio of trees using a buffer with radius ranging from 100m to 2000m. The correlation between neighbourhood green space and elderly walking activities are then investigated by conducting a regression analysis. In general, we find that (1) elderly living in neighbourhoods with more green space have higher levels of participation in regular physical walking activities, (2) significant correlation can be observed between neighbourhood green space with radius larger than 1200m and regular physical walking activity, indicating green space in large neighbourhoods plays a key role in encouraging elderly to walk more. These results illustrate the necessity for improving elderly health in high density and aging society via increasing neighbourhood green space in both near and far-away neighbourhoods. This provides a basis for urban planning policy to design and encourage the use of neighbourhood green space.
Combining Bipartite Matching and Exact Neighborhood Substructure Distance . Graph-Based Representation in Pattern Recognition

Graph edit distance corresponds to a flexible graph dissimilarity measure. Unfortunately, its computation requires an exponential complexity according to the number of nodes of both graphs being compared. Some heuristics based on bipartite assignment algorithms have been proposed in order to approximate the graph edit distance. However, these heuristics lack of accuracy since they are based either on small patterns providing a too local information or walks whose tottering induce some bias in the edit distance calculus. In this work, we propose to extend previous heuristics by considering both less local and more accurate patterns defined as subgraphs defined around each node.
Energy Awareness in Mobile Traffic Offloading

Mobile traffic offloading is a promising solution to relieve the pressure on cellular networks that are overloaded by data traffic from bandwidth-hungry mobile applications (e.g., HD mobile streaming). By offloading the data traffic away from the cellular access, cellular operators can avoid severe congestion that degrades the service quality for mobile users. The maturity of wireless technologies such as WiFi standards and hardware integration also supports this vision. However, by focusing mainly on the network perspective, i.e., traffic management, most of the existing solutions are lack of consideration for their energy impact [1–8, 10–13], especially for the resource constrained mobile devices. Since the battery life is crucial to the mobile user experience, energy awareness can play a key role to the successful adoption of offloading solutions [14–17]. This chapter illustrates the core issues in mobile traffic offloading from the energy perspective and discusses feasible approaches to improve the energy awareness in mobile traffic offloading.
Uso de Instagram como medio de comunicación política por parte de los diputados españoles: la estrategia de humanización en la "vieja" y la "nueva" política

Se analiza el uso de la red social Instagram por parte de los diputados espanoles en la legislatura iniciada en julio de 2016, prestando especial atencion a la gestion de sus posts y a las posibles estrategias de humanizacion usadas en ese medio eminentemente visual. Se lleva a cabo un analisis de contenido que, complementado con un analisis cualitativo, permite abordar aspectos como el grado de uso por parte de los diputados, la representacion del espacio y los grados de intimidad, o el estilo de la comunicacion. Se detecta un uso de Instagram que juega con la ilusion de cercania y acceso a aspectos privados e intimos de los diputados, que no solo se muestran como tales, sino ante todo como personas. Aun asi, parece existir un uso mas convencional de lo que cabria esperar en una red social con grandes posibilidades para la comunicacion politica.
REVISION 2 1 Developing vanadium valence state oxybarometers ( spinel-melt , olivine-melt , spinel-olivine ) 2 and V / ( Cr + Al ) partitioning ( spinel-melt ) for martian olivine-phyric basalts 3

12 A spiked (with REE, V, Sc) martian basalt Yamato 980459 (Y98) composition was used 13 to synthesize olivine, spinel, and pyroxene at 1200 ̊C at five oxygen fugacities: IW-1, IW, IW+1, 14 IW+2, and QFM. These run products were analyzed by electron microprobe, ion microprobe, 15 and x-ray absorption near-edge spectroscopy to establish four oxybarometers based on vanadium 16 partitioning behavior between the following pairs of phases: V spinel-melt, V/(Cr+Al) spinel17 melt, olivine-melt, and spinel-olivine. The results for the spinel-melt, olivine-melt, and 18 V/(Cr+Al) spinel-melt are applicable for the entire oxygen fugacity range while the spinel19 olivine oxybarometer is only applicable between IW-1 and IW+1. The oxybarometer based on V 20 partitioning between spinel-olivine is restricted to basalts that crystallized under low oxygen 21 fugacities, some martian, all lunar, as well as samples from 4 Vesta. The true potential and power 22 of the new spinel-olivine oxybarometer is that it does not require samples representative of a 23
2 Principles of THz Generation

Sascha Preu1, Gottfried H. Döhler2, Stefan Malzer3, Andreas Stöhr4, Vitaly Rymanov4, Thorsten Göbel5, Elliott R. Brown6, Michael Feiginov7,∗, Ramón Gonzalo8, Miguel Beruete8, and Miguel Navarro-Cía9 1Technische Universität Darmstadt, Dept. of Electrical Engineering and Information Technology, Darmstadt, Germany 2Max Planck Institute for the Science of Light, Erlangen, Germany 3Friedrich-Alexander Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Applied Physics, Erlangen, Germany 4Universität Duisburg-Essen, ZHO/Optoelektronik, Duisburg, Germany 5 Fraunhofer Heinrich Hertz Institute, Terahertz Group/Photonic Components, Berlin, Germany 6Wright State University, Dayton, OH, USA 7 Tokyo Institute of Technology, Department of Electronics and Applied Physics, Japan 8Universidad Pública de Navarra, Departamento de Ingeniería Eléctrica y Electrónica, Pamplona, Navarra, Spain 9 Imperial College London, Dept. Electrical and Electronic Engineering, London, UK
Evidence-informed innovation in schools: aligning collaborative Research and Development with high quality professional learning for teachers

Innovation efforts in schools commonly wrestle with two challenges: how to secure ownership of change among teachers and how to ensure that improvements are based on evidence. This paper draws on findings from a two-year collaborative research and development (R&D) project in England which involved 66 school clusters (teaching school alliances (TSAs)) in implementing and evaluating school-based innovations and a separate umbrella review of evidence on effective continuous professional development and learning (CPDL) for teachers. We find that collaborative R&D can enhance the ownership of change among participating teachers and ensure that innovations are based on evidence. We define a framework for integrating R&D and CPDL which could enable evidence-informed improvement to be scaled up, impacting on all staff. Drawing on Winch et al.'s (2015) model of teachers' professional knowledge we argue that the proposed framework could enhance the potential for teaching to be accepted as an "evidence-informed professional endeavour".
Effect of Co-fermentation Duration onthe Nutritional Composition and Anti-nutritional Contents of Sorghum-Cowpea Flours and Sensory Properties ofTheir

The present study was aimed at assessing the effect of co-fermentation time on the nutrients and antinutrient contents in sorghum-cowpea flours and sensory attributes of gruels prepared from the flours. Five different portions of sorghum-cowpea mixture (70:30) were prepared and used for the experiment. Portion I was processed into flour without fermentation and served as control sample. Portions 2, 3, 4 and 5 were separately co-fermented for 24, 48, 72 and 96h respectively before processing into flours. The flours were analyzed for proximate composition, amino acid profile, mineral and anti-nutrient contents. Gruels were prepared from the different flours and used for sensory evaluation. The results showed that crude protein, fat, total amino acids and total essential amino acids progressively increased with co-fermentation time upto 72h of fermentation and then declined while the carbohydrate content decreased with co-fermentation time up to 72h and then increased slightly in the sample that was co-fermented for 96h. The ash, crude fibre, minerals (K, Ca, Mg and Zn) and anti-nutrients (phytate, tannin and trypsin inhibitor) progressively decreased with cofermentation time till the end of fermentation period (96h). Gruels prepared from 48h and 72h co-fermented samples were the most preferred by the panelists in terms of colour, flavour, texture and overall acceptability.
A compact physics-based model of the piano

In general the main purpose of modelling can be twofold. In the first case the main output of the system is a virtual instrument. This makes it possible to reserve or recreate the sound of historical instruments and create numerous new instruments for musical experimentation. In the other case the virtual instrument is only an intermediate step towards creating new instruments. This means that the model could also play an important role in improving and perfectionating the instruments.
14320 FISCAL DEFICITS AND MACROECONOMIC PERFORMANCE IN DEVELOPING COUNTRIES

Although fiscal adjustment was urged on developing countries during the 1980s to lead them out of economic malaise, considerable uncertainty remains about the relations between fiscal policy and macroeconomic performance. To illustrate how financial markets, private spending, and the external sector react to fiscal policies, the behavior of holdings of money and public debt, private consumption and investment, the trade balance, and the real exchange rate is modeled for a sample of ten developing countries. The studies find strong evidence that over the medium term, money financing of the deficit leads to higher inflation, while debt financing leads to higher real interest rates or increased repression of financial markets, with the fiscal gains coming at increasingly unfavorable terms. Consumers respond differently to conventional taxes, unconventional taxes (through inflation or interest and credit controls), and debt financing, in ways that make fiscal adjustment the most effective means of increasing national saving. Private investment-but not private consumption-is sensitive to the real interest rate, which rises under domestic borrowing to finance the deficit. Contrary to the popular presumption, in some countries private investment increases when public investment decreases. There is strong evidence that fiscal deficits spill over into external deficits, leading to appreciation of the real exchange rate. Fiscal deficits and growth are self-reinforcing: good fiscal management preserves access to foreign lending and avoids the crowding out of private investment, while growth stabilizes the budget and improves the fiscal position. The virtuous circle of growth and good fiscal management is one of the strongest arguments for a policy of low and stable fiscal deficits.
An implementation of log visualization system combined SCADA Honeypot

Recently, the leading trend and the biggest issue in global security is cyber terror. In case of Korea, on December 2014, a nuclear power plants’ network was hacked into and its blueprint and manual was leaked. The case was a big threat not only to national security but also to the finance of Korea Hydro & Nuclear Power Co., LTD. However, despite this situation, there is not enough information about or detailed explanation on cyber terror. Identifying the cyber terrorists who commit a cyber terror is the best way to defend against the attack. So far, we thought that we successfully defended an attack by blocking the cyber terrorist’s IP in the network firewall. However, when a certain attack fails, the cyber terrorist usually tries to find another way to attack. Especially, in case of cyber terror, a cyber terrorist uses very technical ways to attack and hack into computer network exploiting the fact that human beings can easily make mistakes. To increase the security, we do a profiling on cyber terrorist’s attack techniques beforehand and set up concrete measures to deal with the attacks. This paper proposes a measure to implement a system to profile cyber terrorists, attack techniques on SCADA system, and discuss the practicality of such system by reviewing the result from actual implementation. Keywords-APT; Cyber Terror; APT; SCADA Security; SCADA Honeypot; SIEM
POSTBUCKLING PROBLEMS OF THIN PERIODIC PLATES

The objects under considerations are thin linear-elastic plates with periodic structure subjected to large deflections. The paper concerns the problem of periodic plates’ postbuckling behaviour. The applied mathematical model describing geometrically nonlinear problems of such plates, proposed by Domagalski and Jędrysiak (2012), is based on the tolerance averaging technique, cf. Woźniak et al. (eds.) (2010).
environmental consequences : The case of chromium release from dissolving 3 silicate minerals 4 5 6

26 Risk assessments that take into account the formation of environmentally dangerous hexavalent 27 chromium in Cr-containing mine tailings, and associated soils and sediments, require an 28 understanding of the occurrence and speciation of Cr in silicate minerals and glasses. Silicates 29 are more soluble and generally more susceptible to weathering than the refractory mineral 30 chromite, the principal ore mineral of Cr. Studies at the nanoscale using a combination of 31 advanced sample preparation via microtoming and focused ion beam techniques, in 32 combination with state-of-the art analytical transmission electron microscopy and electron 33 diffraction, reveal the occurrence of chromite nanoparticles held within clinochlore and lizardite 34 grains within chromitite ore (an igneous cumulate consisting primarily of chromite) from the 35 Black Thor Chromium deposit in Northern Ontario, Canada and the Mistake Mine, Fresno 36 County, California, USA, respectively. Nano-scale examinations of altered chromitite ore 37 samples from the Black Thor deposit after dissolution experiments in sulfuric acid-bearing 38 solutions of pH 2.5 show that clinochlore alters to amorphous silica depleted in chromite 39 nanoparticles. This observation suggests the release of chromite nanoparticles rather than Cr 40 aqueous species during the weathering of chromite-bearing silicate minerals. This will in turn 41 have an impact on the environmental behavior of Cr and its potential oxidation to Cr. The 42 formation of Craq species in this case will require either the initial dissolution of the 43 nanoparticles or the oxidation of Cr species on the surface of the nanoparticles, either process 44 being a rate limiting step in the formation of Craq species. 45
GROWTH OF Clarias gariepinus JUVENILES FED FIVE COMMERCIAL FEED

Clarias gariepinus juvenile’s 6.35±0.22g weights were fed five different commercial diets for 105 days to determine growth rates. Diets were hand distributed in triplicate groups of 30 fish once daily. The diets used were Coppens, Multifeed, Eurogold, Vittal and Ajanla feed. At the end of the experiment, the final mean SL for Coppens, Multifeed and Eurogold were 181.54±0.63, 179.92±0.95g and 139.92±0.26g respectively, while final mean weight for Vittal and Ajanla were 110.11±0.23g and 119.03±0.35g respectively. The statistical analysis of the results showed that there were significant differences (P<0.05) in the mean final weights. Also there was no significant difference (P>0.05) in the mean final between Coppens and Multifeed. The specific growth rates (SGR) were 3.19day -1 3.18 day -1 and 2.94 day -1 for Coppens Multifeed and Eurogold respectively and 2.71 day -1 and 2.78 day -1 respectively for Ajanla and Vittal. There were significant differences (P<0.05) in SGR among treatments and no significant difference (P>0.05) between SGR of Coppens and Multifeed. Based on these findings, it was concluded that feed with macronutrient combinations of 45% CP, 12% crude fat, crude fiber, 1.5%, Ash 9.5% promoted better growth rates in C. gariepinus juveniles as compared with other combinations.
EVALUATION OF NEMATICIDAL PROPERTIES AND INHIBITION OF EGG HATCHING ACTIVITY OF SOME MEDICINAL PLANT EXTRACTS AGAINST MELOIDOGYNE INCOGNITA

Root-knot nematodes (Meloidogyne spp.) are among the most destructive nematodes in agriculture, causing great damage to agricultural and horticultural crops. Chemical nematicides, though effective in reducing root-knot nematode infection are not always cost effective and are economically viable only for high value crops and create a potential hazard to the environment and human health. Hence, biopesticides of plant origin have great importance for controlling plant parasitic nematodes in an eco-friendly manner. The in-vitro nematicidal activities of aqueous extracts derived from different parts of 10 medicinal plants on freshly hatched juvenile mortality after 24 hours and inhibition of egg hatching of Meloidogyne incognita after 72 hours were assayed. Maximum 94.6 percent of juvenile mortality and maximum inhibition of egg hatching was observed in Artemisia vulgaris. Among the ten plants tested Pandanus unguifer showed lowest percentage of juvenile mortality and Agave americana showed highest percentage of egg hatching.
Remote Consequences of Low Level Chronic Radiation Effects On Coeno-populations of Plantago major L

Investigations (Lysenco et al., 1999) were shown that elimination of a part of rare alleles and increase of the other partially allows change of the genetic structure in chronically irradiated populations. On the one hand it enables radioadaptation, on the other accumulation of genetic load appears. Researchers (Dinyova et al., 1994; Pozolotina, 2003) reveal interspecific differences in responses to irradiation. Widely distributed plants of Plantago genus are poorly investigated in the field of radioecology. So populations of ribwort growing in the zone of Chernobyl NNP accident were studied only (Popova et al., 1992). Plantago major L. from the Kyshtym accident (Urals, 1957 y.) zone has been studied for the first time.
Efficient Integration of ICT Tools in Learning

Slideware is becoming the major learning tool in many universities. It has been adopted in teaching classes and in stand-alone study. Our paper aims to examine the efficiency of this tool in learning by relying on both analytical and empirical models. Our major observation is that slideware should be used carefully in the learning process. This is necessary to avoid the risks of transforming the class to lethargic and non-interactive environment as well as the risks of achieving surface learning in the student’s stand-alone study. Thus, ICT tools should be integrated in learning in a more efficient way than using slides that just summarize the content presented in the book. The usage of ICT tools is important for improving the learning process when used for example to show dynamic model or explore the virtual reality. This could be done by relying on multimedia, computer animation, computer graphics, and computer simulation.