Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
¿Somos todos iguales ante una inundación? Análisis de la vulnerabilidad social en el litoral mediterráneo español

In Spain, floods represent the danger originated in nature that causes greatest loss to both human life and economy. Understanding the risk as a social construction, evaluation of the modification results proves to be crucial in order to improve the exposed population's adaptation. The use of indices is one of the several methods used to carry carry through those evaluations. In the present research we used a replica of the SOVI® (Social Vulnerability Index), one of the most used worldwide indices and its adaptation has been implemented in an area of special sensitivity for floods: the Mediterranean coast in the Region of Murcia and the Valencian Community (Spain). The results obtained show a greater social vulnerability in non-floodable census sections than in those that can be flooded and reveal a pattern of social inequality in areas where the hydrographic network presents an ephemeral and sudden runoff such as the ramblas.
Image Embedding and Model Ensembling for Automated Chest X-Ray Interpretation

Chest X-ray (CXR) is perhaps the most frequently-performed radiological investigation globally. In this work, we present and study several machine learning approaches to develop automated CXR diagnostic models. In particular, we trained several Convolutional Neural Networks (CNN) on the CheXpert dataset, a large collection of more than 200k CXR labeled images. Then, we used the trained CNNs to compute embeddings of the CXR images, in order to train two sets of tree-based classifiers from them. Finally, wed escribed and compared three ensembling strategies to combine together the classifiers trained. Rather than expecting some performance-wise benefits, o ur goal i n this work iss howing that t he above two methodologies, i.e., the extraction of image embeddings and models ensembling, can be effective and viable to solve tasks that require medical imaging understanding. Our results in that perspective are encouraging and worthy of further investigation.
Measuring the Effects of Automatic Replenishment on Product Availability in Retail Stores

Maintaining product availability is one of the biggest challenges in retail business because it directly relates to lost sale and decrease in customer loyalty. A solution that ensures a more accurate prediction and eliminates costly stock-outs and wasteful overstocks is an automatic replenishment system. The goal of this paper is to measure the impact that the automatic replenishment system can have on product availability in retail business, especially when it comes to specific product and store related risk factors. A large quantitative study measured the performance of manual and automatic replenishment processes in a sample of 85 stores and 95 products of a major retail chain in Serbia. The study concluded that utilization of an automatic replenishment system can reduce stock-outs for the retail chains up to 60%. Specifically, when ordered through an automatic replenishment system, fast-selling products recorded 40% greater availability, products on promotion 48% higher availability, and products in a high-density retail stores 59% higher availability. The findings extend current understanding of automatic replenishment systems, and especially their performance related to high-risk retail conditions.
Childhood in the age of digital culture

ABSTRACT For many, childhood is a time when they have a certain capacity to make independent choices and decisions. If socialized in communal spaces, children begin to create their own peer cultures. A lesser-discussed peer culture is the one that exists in the digital space. This paper investigates how the increased use of technology among youth impacts the creation of peer cultures online. Ideas and construction of the self will be explored through the mapping of youth identity formation online, an analysis of existing media literacy courses through the lens of Dewey’s educational theories, and the discussion of social media in Theatre for Youth productions supported by Nellie McCaslin’s writings on technology and children.
Stability Analysis of Multispan Pipeline Embedded in Temperature-Dependent Matrix

In this paper, dynamic stiffness method is used to study the stability of multispan pipelines in temperature-dependent matrix. The effects of temperature changes and different span combinations on the natural frequency, critical velocity, and critical pressure of pipelines are discussed. The main conclusions are obtained and shown as follows. The increase of temperature will lead to the decrease of the first three order natural frequencies. The first two order critical velocities and critical pressure of the system will also decrease with increasing temperature. The change of span combination has no influence on the first-order critical velocity and first-order critical pressure of the system, but it has influence on the second order. The influence of the change of span combination on the first-order natural frequency is regular, but that on the second-order and third-order is not. The increase of the velocity will change the instability form of systems with different span combinations, while the change of the pressure inside the tube will not change the instability form of the system.
Kernel MMD Two-Sample Tests for Manifold Data

We present a study of kernel MMD two-sample test statistics in the manifold setting, assuming the high-dimensional observations are close to a low-dimensional manifold. We characterize the property of the test (level and power) in relation to the kernel bandwidth, the number of samples, and the intrinsic dimensionality of the manifold. Specifically, we show that when data densities are supported on a d-dimensional sub-manifold M embedded in an m-dimensional space, the kernel MMD two-sample test for data sampled from a pair of distributions (p, q) that are Hölder with order β is consistent and powerful when the number of samples n is greater than δ2(p, q) −2−d/β up to certain constant, where δ2 is the squared `2-divergence between two distributions on manifold. Moreover, to achieve testing consistency under this scaling of n, our theory suggests that the kernel bandwidth γ scales with n−1/(d+2β). These results indicate that the kernel MMD two-sample test does not have a curse-of-dimensionality when the data lie on the low-dimensional manifold. We demonstrate the validity of our theory and the property of the MMD test for manifold data using several numerical experiments.
Vitamin D levels in patients with bronchial asthma

Background: Bronchial asthma is one of the most common chronic diseases. In India, bronchial asthma has 66% frequency of reported exacerbations. Vitamin D has action on pro-inflammatory mediators and smooth muscle function and proliferation, which has direct relevance for lung function in asthma.Methods: The cross sectional observational study was conducted in the Department of Medicine, Government Medical College Jammu for 10 months from January 2018-August 2018. 50 Patients of 18-60 years with diagnosis of bronchial asthma on the basis of clinical and radiological signs were included, while age matched 50 controls years free from any disease and morbidity were included and assessed for vitamin D levels.Results: The mean serum vitamin D level was significantly low at 26.13±4.91 ng/ml in patients, while 39.67±4.03 ng/ml was the mean vitamin D level of controls. The vitamin D levels of mild and moderate (persistent) asthma patients was seen lower than those of the controls.Conclusions: Vitamin D deficiency is highly prevalent in patients during exacerbations of bronchial asthma. It is also associated with lower lung functions and increased number of exacerbations. Thus improving vitamin D status may be effective in the prevention and treatment of bronchial asthma and exacerbations.
Clinical measurement of intermalleolar distance in Western Indian population

Background: Angular deformities around the knee are one of the common basis of presentation at orthopaedic clinic and intermalleolar distance (IMD) is an essential anthropometric tool for evaluation of the angular status of the lower limb. Methods: 500 healthy (330 male and 170 female) subjects between 20 to 40 years of age were taken for IMD measurement in standing and supine position by digital vernier caliper. Results: The normal range of IMD in western Indian population in between 32-58 mm. IMD in standing position was 42.47 mm with (95% CI = 40.51 to 44.42 mm) and in supine position was 34.45 mm with (95% CI = 32.78 to 36.13 mm). Mean IMD in male in standing position was 40.01 mm while in female it was 43.74 mm observed. Statically significant difference was observed in posture change and according to age. Conclusions: Significantly higher value in female, in standing position and in higher age group were observed.
Cyberstalking Perpetration Among Young Adults: An Assessment of the Effects of Low Self-Control and Moral Disengagement

The current study sought to explain cyberstalking perpetration using low self-control and moral disengagement frameworks. Self-report survey data collected from a Mechanical Turk sample of 1,500 young adults aged 18 to 25 years old revealed that approximately 22% of the sample had engaged in cyberstalking perpetration during their lifetime. Findings also generally supported the self-control and moral disengagement frameworks. Respondents with higher levels of low self-control were more likely to engage in cyberstalking perpetration, as were those respondents who had a higher moral disengagement score. The interaction between low self-control and moral disengagement, however, did not yield a significant effect.
Lambek pregroups are Frobenius spiders in preorders

"Spider" is a nickname of special Frobenius algebras, a fundamental structure from mathematics, physics, and computer science. Pregroups are a fundamental structure from linguistics. Pregroups and spiders have been used together in natural language processing: one for syntax, the other for semantics. It turns out that pregroups themselves can be characterized as pointed spiders in the category of preordered relations, where they naturally arise from grammars. The other way around, preordered spider algebras in general can be characterized as unions of pregroups. This extends the characterization of relational spider algebras as disjoint unions of groups. The compositional framework that emerged with the results suggests new ways to understand and apply the basis structures in machine learning and data analysis.
Applying Model-based Requirements Engineering in Three Large European Collaborative Projects: An Experience Report

In this paper, we report on our 5-year’s practical experience of designing, developing and then deploying a Model-based Requirements Engineering (MBRE) approach and language in the context of three different large European collaborative projects providing complex software solutions. Based on data collected both during projects execution and via a survey realized afterwards, we intend to show that such an approach can bring interesting benefits in terms of scalability (e.g., large number of handled requirements), heterogeneity (e.g., partners with different types of RE background), traceability (e.g. from the requirements to the software components), automation (e.g., requirement documentation generation), usefulness or usability. To illustrate our contribution, we exemplify the application of our MBRE approach and language with concrete elements coming from one of these European research projects. We also discuss further the general benefits and current limitations of using this MBRE approach and corresponding language.
MACRO VERSUS MICRO THREAD DESIGN IMPLANT AND THEIR EFFECT ON THE STABILITY

INTRODUCTION: Dental implants are considered stable tools for replacing missing teeth, achieving long-term success rates above 90 percent, and their use in dental practice has become normal. One of the reasons to this success is the primary reliability of an implant. Implant design is one of the main factors that play a role in stability. OBJECTIVES: The purpose of this study was to compare the role of the Macro thread design and the Micro thread design on implant stability through the use of the Resonance Frequency Analysis (RFA). MATERIALS AND METHODS: The study was carried out on 6 patients, each of these patients has missing teeth on each side of posterior area in the lower jaw. All the right sides received Micro thread design implant (dentium implant,) and the left side received Macro thread design implant (Megagen AnyRidge). After dental implants were placed in their sites, the stability was measured by using the Resonance Frequency Analysis (RFA) to assess the stability of the two types of implants at three times periods: At the time of placing the implant, 3 months and 6 months. RESULTS: The mean implant Stability value for Group A was 70.57±5.74 immediately post-operatively, on the 3 month to 77.14±6.74 and reach 84.29±6.02 on the 6 month, for Group B was 63.29±6.58 immediately post-operatively, on the 3 month 70.57 ± 4.69 and on the 6 month 77.14±4.53. The mean bone density values for Group A at 3 months was 481.98± 51.78 and at 6th month was 504.28± 47.50, in Group B the 3 months was 439.54±70.49 and at 6th month was 463.83± 74.44. CONCLUSION: The Micro thread design implants shows higher stability than Macro thread design.
Preparation of molecularly imprinted polymers on the surface of optical fiber for HS-solid-phase microextraction of phenol

ABSTRACT Optical fiber was modified with 3-(methacryloxy)propyltrimethoxysilane and copolymerized with the vinyl end groups and methacrylic to graft a thin layer of molecular imprinted polymer on the surface of the fiber without surface controlling. The modified fiber with phenol-imprinted polymer was coupled with gas chromatograph for headspace solid-phase microextraction (HS-SPME) of phenol. The extraction properties were examined using the SPME device coupled with a gas chromatograph–flame ionization detector (FID). Effects of extraction parameters, namely pH, exposure time, sampling temperature, and salt concentration, on extraction efficiency were also studied.
Toward Code Generation: A Survey and Lessons from Semantic Parsing

With the growth of natural language processing techniques and demand for improved software engineering efficiency, there is an emerging interest in translating intention from human languages to programming languages. In this survey paper, we attempt to provide an overview of the growing body of research in this space. We begin by reviewing natural language semantic parsing techniques and draw parallels with program synthesis efforts. We then consider semantic parsing works from an evolutionary perspective, with specific analyses on neuro-symbolic methods, architecture, and supervision. We then analyze advancements in frameworks for semantic parsing for code generation. In closing, we present what we believe are some of the emerging open challenges in this domain.
Self-assembly generation, structural features, and oxidation catalytic properties of new aqua-soluble copper(II)-aminoalcohol derivatives

Self-assembly reactions of copper(II) nitrate with aminoalcohols {bis(2-hydroxyethyl)amino-tris(hydroxymethyl)methane (H5bis-tris) or 1,3-bis(tris(hydroxymethyl)methylamino)propane (H6bis-tris-propane)} as main N,O-building blocks, and isonicotinic acid (Hinic) or sodium azide (NaN3) as ancillary ligand sources resulted in two new copper(II) compounds [{Cu(H4.5bis-tris)(inic)}2](NO3)·2H2O (1) and [Cu(H5bis-tris-propane)(N3)]·2H2O (2). The obtained products were isolated as stable microcrystalline solids and fully characterized including by single-crystal X-ray diffraction, which disclosed the six-coordinate copper(II) centers with distorted octahedral {CuN2O4} or {CuN3O3} environments. The structures of 1 and 2 feature the formation of complex 3D H-bonded networks that were topologically classified as cbs-3,4-Cmmm-2 and sxd underlying nets, respectively. Both compounds 1 and 2 are soluble in water (S25 °C ≈ 6–12 mg mL−1) and act as efficient homogeneous catalysts for the mild and acid-promoter-free oxidation, by aqueous hydrogen peroxide, of C5–C8 cycloalkanes (cyclopentane, cyclohexane, cycloheptane, and cyclooctane) to give the corresponding cyclic alcohols and ketones. The influence of various reaction parameters (time, solvent composition, loading of substrate, oxidant, and catalyst, presence of a radical trap), bond- and regioselectivity features, and substrate scope were investigated and discussed in detail. A notable feature of the present catalysts concerns their high activity without the requirement for any promoter or co-catalyst, resulting in up to 46% total product yields based on cycloalkane.
Ethnomedical survey of plants used for the management of HIV and AIDS-related conditions in Mbulu District, Tanzania

The aim of this Study was to document medicinal plants used in the management of HIV and AIDS-related conditions in Mbulu District. An ethnomedical survey was conducted using a semi-structured questionnaire. The main HIV and AIDS-related conditions considered during this study were; cough, frequent fevers, diarrhea, weight loss, oral thrush, genital warts, candidiasis, abscesses, skin rashes, shingles and venereal diseases. Literature survey was also carried out to compile supplementary data on ethnomedical used and pharmacological activities of the respective plants. Thirty seven plant species from 23 families were reported. The plant families with the highest number of documented species were Acanthaceae, Caesalpiniaceae, Compositae and Verbanaceae with three species each. Literature information on the 37 reported plant species showed that, 23 plants could be linked to supporting data on ethnomedical uses, 23 were related to biological activity and 12 had been reported to display varying activities against HIV-1. Sixteen identified medicinal plants recorded new ethnomedical uses related to HIV and AIDS-related conditions, while 8 and 16% of the plant species did not have any previously reported ethnomedical uses or pharmacological activities, respectively. Key words: Medicinal plants, indigenous knowledge, HIV and AIDS-related conditions.
Mazes in Spanish-English dual language learners after language enrichment: a case study

ABSTRACT The number of Spanish-English dual language learners (DLLs) in the United States continues to increase every year. In the absence of developmental language norms for DLLs it is important to learn more about typical language production characteristics to distinguish typical from atypical language characteristics. An area of language production with conflicting results in the literature is the production of mazes. Mazes are interruptions in the forward flow of language in the form of interjections, repairs or revisions of words and phrases. At elevated rates, mazes may interrupt the communication process. A common practice in classroom settings is to provide support for DLLs through small group activities such as language enrichment. It is unknown if maze patterns may change as a result of structured language input meant to increase linguistic skills. This preliminary case study explored maze patterns in four Spanish-English DLLs between the ages of 5;4 and 6;1 before and after two structured language enrichment sessions in English. Pretest and posttest narratives in English and Spanish were analyzed for maze patterns and measures of language productivity using conventional language sample analysis metrics. Maze patterns yielded mixed results. Certain maze types increased from pre to posttest while some decreased. Participants exhibited increases in measures of language productivity in English and Spanish. Language productivity and maze patterns demonstrated changes after two structured language enrichment sessions. Implications for further study of maze patterns in Spanish-English DLLs are discussed.
Lifestyle Transition towards Sedentary Behavior among Children and Youth in Sub-Saharan Africa: A Narrative Review

Worldwide lifestyles are changing with the fastest transition being witnessed in lower-income countries, especially in developing countries like Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). An influx of easily acquired labor saving screen-based gadgets in many homes has affected many lives. This phenomenon is widespread affecting urban and rural affluent households with income deprived communities playing quick ‘catch up’ in the belief that this is a sign of prestige. This has led to prolonged sitting hours and excessive screen-based sedentary time especially among children. The high crime rate in urban settings has forced more parents to keep children indoors and “keep them busy” with screen gadgets. Children and youths are vulnerable and easily influenced and habits formed in childhood are seen to be carried forward into adulthood. This chapter highlights the increased sedentary lifestyle of the unique SSA population, whose unique cultural and socioeconomic factors gave them very active lifestyles previously. The plight of children and youth as vulnerable groups; and the resulting effects of sedentary screen-based activities have been discussed. Ongoing monitoring and surveillance of sedentary behavior and time among children and youth in SSA for policy development and strategic intervention is strongly advised.
Research on Rock Resistant Coefficient in Lining Tunnels Based on the Generalized Hoek-Brown Failure Criterion

Rock resistant coefficient is a key parameter in rock engineering and can reflect the resistance of surrounding rocks. According to the load-structure method, there are many different formulas in the determination of rock resistant coefficient using elasticity or plasticity theory. Based on the generalized Hoek-Brown failure criterion, this paper develops a closed-form formula for calculating the rock resistant coefficient. The sensibility of different parameters on the rock resistant coefficient is also analyzed. The fact shows that the formula is sensitive to a , σ c , and K d comparing with m b and s especially when they are in a low value, laying a foundation for the determination of rock resistant coefficient in similar lining tunnels.
Experiment DsTau (NA65) - study of tau neutrino production at CERN SPS

The goal of the DsTau (NA65) experiment at CERN SPS is the measurement of tau neutrino production. The dominant source of tau neutrinos is decay of B mesons, produced in protonnucleon interactions, to tau neutrino and tau lepton with further decay of tau lepton. Thus, the experiment aims to measure differential cross section of this reaction. This measurement will allow to re-evaluate DONuT results reducing the systematic error in tau neutrino interaction cross section caused by the tau neutrino flux uncertainty in beam dump experiments from 50% to 10%. Such accuracy of cross section measurement will allow testing the Lepton Flavour Universality for neutrinos. The experiment exploits nuclear emulsion detectors with `m space resolution allowing to recognize the peculiar B to g decay topology in a few mm range. In addition, about 105 charmed particle decays are expected in the experiment, which makes possible to study charm physics, in particular to search for intrinsic charm component in proton. About 10% of whole data were collected during 2018 pilot run and analysis of this sample is ongoing. Given the relevance of the study and encouraging results of the data analysis, CERN had approved the DsTau project as a new experiment NA65 in 2019. The main data sample will be collected in 2021-22 physics runs. In this paper, the status and prospects of NA65 as well as the results of the pilot run are presented.