Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Attention-Based Memory Network for Text Sentiment Classification

In order to explore the impact of different memory modules under the framework of memory network for aspect level sentiment classification, we use convolutional neural networks (CNN) and bidirectional long short term memory (BiLSTM) to design four kinds of memory network models in this paper. The first model uses CNN for building a memory module, which is capable of capturing local information in documents. The second uses BiLSTM for building another memory module, which captures sequence information in documents. At the same time, the following two models use CNN and BiLSTM for building memory module——one builds a hierarchical neural network by using CNN and BiLSTM for building memory module, which combines both local and sequence information together. The other, respectively, uses CNN and BiLSTM for building two memory modules, respectively, which captures local information and sequence information through different modules. And then, we combine the final representations, which are generated from the different memory networks, for further sentiment classification. Experiments on laptop and restaurant datasets demonstrate that our four methods achieving better results than MemNet. In particular, the latter two models achieve better performance than the first two models and feature-based support vector machine approach.
The crisis as a wake-up call. Do banks increase screening and monitoring during a financial crisis?

We examine whether banks have systematically stepped up their screening and monitoring efforts during the current global financial crisis. To this end we analyze nearly 17,000 syndicated loans to private borrowers in 60 countries over the period 2005-2008. We find that during the crisis arranging banks started to retain larger loan portions and form more concentrated syndicates, reflecting an increased need to screen and monitor borrowers. During the crisis agency problems were attenuated – and lending standards hence tightened less – in syndicates that were composed by experienced arrangers and that were lending to repeat borrowers. In contrast, borrower credit ratings did little to alleviate agency problems during the crisis.
'Transforming' South African professional sport : some observations on recent developments

The issue of transformation of South African sport, with all the controversy it entails, again received public attention recently in three presentations to Parliament's Sport and Recreation Portfolio Committee. On 19 October 2004 the Department of Sport and Recreation briefed the Committee on a number of matters related to the gathering of information for a proposed Sports 'Transformation Charter'. On 22 October, the Committee received briefings from two of the major spans federations, Athletics South Africa and the United Cricket Board of South Africa, on progress in respect of transformation, challenges faced, and key strategic objectives.
Validation of a piezoelectric sensor array for a wrist-worn muscle-computer interface

The average adult spends more hours per day interacting with a computer than sleeping. Computer interfaces that require low physical effort offer users a heathy and efficient interaction method. The lowest physical effort device is the brain-computer interface, which uses electric signals on the scalp. However, since electroencephalography signals are difficult to detect and process, we are investigating the use of alternative biosignals suitable for wearable computer interfaces. Sensors worn over or near muscles can detect electromyographic or mechanomyographic signals, where the latter refer to vibrations and pressure changes caused by muscle activation. Previously, mechanomyographic signals have been measured using accelerometers, microphones and other vibration sensing equipment, and some wearable computer interfaces based on muscle activation have been investigated. We are instead using piezo-electric sensors to measure vibration and pressure, as they are inexpensive, small and highly sensitive. Using piezo-electric sensors, we developed a wrist wearable sensor array that allowed unrestricted movement of the fingers and produced a recordable signal. The movement generated signals were recorded during experiments involving small individual finger movements. Each isolated movement was associated with a single recording which was analysed for a variety of signal features, correlation with the movement, and repeatability between sessions. The correlation and repeatability results support the use of piezo-electric sensors as a viable wearable computer interface sensor. Such a device could be used for prosthetic control, robot assisted surgery, and mobile computer interaction.
Effect of Irrigation Intervals and Planting Patterns on Yield and Qualitative Traits of Forage Sorghum

In order to study the effect of irrigation intervals and planting pattern on the yield, yield components and qualitative traits of forage sorghum (Speedfeed variety) was conducted an experiment in Research Field of Islamic Azad University, Birjand, Iran in 2006. The experimental design was split plot in form RCBD with three replications and with 4 levels of irrigation interval (5, 10, 15 and 20 days) as main plots and 2 levels of planting pattern (one row above the furrow and two rows into the furrow) as sub plots. The irrigation intervals had a significant effect on the yield and yield components of forage sorghum but the planting pattern and the interaction of the irrigation intervals × planting pattern had no significant effect on these traits. The increase in irrigation interval from 5 to 20 days decreased the weight of the dry leaf, stem, ear and total fresh weight (sum of two cuttings) by 57.2, 72.1, 69 and 66.9 percent, respectively. The total dry forage in 5 days irrigation interval was 16.9 ton/ha which in comparison to 10, 15 and 20 days irrigation intervals advanced by 19.4, 44.3 and 66 percent, respectively. The irrigation intervals had a significant effect on the leaf to stem ratio and protein yield (sum of two cuttings). The comparison of mentioned traits averages in this experiment showed that with the increase of irrigation intervals, the leaf to stem ratio increased but protein yield decreased, significantly. The yield of crude protein with the increase of irrigation interval from 5 to 20 days decreased by 66.5 percent. The result of this research showed that water stress had negative effect on forage production and qualitative traits but planting pattern had not significant effect on these traits. Key word: forage sorghum, irrigation intervals, planting pattern, yield, qualitative traits.
A genetic approach for recovering vocal tract area functions from Spanish vowels

This paper shows how a genetic algorithm is able to recover vocal tract area functions from natural utterances. The kind of data analyzed is a subset of Spanish speech signals, concretely vowels from Venezuelan SpeechDat database of utterances, increasing novelty of the study. The method evolves parametric and real-coded representations of speech articulators, with the goal set to minimizing acoustic distance respect to the target, natural SpeechDat utterances. This distance is based on signal's formants and a measure of continuity of the area function. Furthermore, the genetic algorithm is implemented by using the multipopulation approach, seeking to accelerate convergence to a solution while keeping genetic diversity. Subsequently, best learned functions are provided as input to an articulatory speech synthesizer, in order to generate artificial utterances, potentially and acoustically similar to the natural signals. Objective and subjective tests on these artificial signals have positively verified effectiveness of the genetic approach.
A Control Method of Grid Integration for Current Control Type Virtual Synchronous Generator

Aiming for the current control type virtual synchronous generator (VSG) battery energy storage system, the interaction between VSG and power grid is firstly demonstrated and the regulation principle of inertia and damping is also analyzed. Then, the calculation method of active/reactive circulating power under steady state is derived based on two fully independent converters and the mitigation method of circulating power is also proposed. The corresponding MATLAB/Simulation model is built and load step response, short circuit fault operation as well as parallel operation are performed. The simulation results show that the current control type VSG could increase system equivalent inertia and consequently improve the frequency regulation of power grid.
Multidimensional Food Insecurity Measurement

It is well established that household food security is a complex phenomenon with numerous indicators and outcomes, the measurement of which is yet to be adequately captured by a single measure. We propose the adoption of the methodology of multidimensional poverty measurement in calculating an index of multidimensional food insecurity. This framework has gained increasing popularity, particularly with the introduction of the Multidimensional Poverty Index (MPI). The assertion is that, like poverty, food insecurity is a multidimensional phenomenon, requiring the inclusion of multiple aspects of deprivation in its measurement. Nationally representative data from South Africa is used to construct a Multidimensional Food Insecurity Index (MFII), based on the methodology of the MPI. The MFII is used to develop a detailed profile of individual food insecurity in South Africa. Nationally, close to half of the population are considered multidimensionally food insecure, with the greatest contributors to food insecurity being dietary diversity and subjective food consumption adequacy. The Western Cape and Gauteng enjoy the lowest levels of multidimensional food insecurity, while Limpopo and KwaZulu-Natal suffer the highest levels. How food security is measured can have an important impact on how policies are developed and implemented in order to deal with the problem. As such, measurement methodologies can be very practically relevant to research.
Unramified -modular representations of GLn(F) and its inner forms

— Let F be a non-Archimedean locally compact ﬁeld of residue characteristic p and R be an algebraically closed ﬁeld of characteristic ℓ diﬀerent from p . Let G be the group GL n , n > 1, over F, or one of its inner forms. In this article, we classify the unramiﬁed irreducible smooth R-representations of G (F): more precisely we prove that they are those representations that are irreducibly induced from an unramiﬁed character of a Levi subgroup. We deduce that any smooth irreducible unramiﬁed F ℓ -representation of G (F) can be lifted to Q ℓ , which proves a conjecture by Vign´eras.
Multi-classification of Parkinson's Disease via Sparse Low-Rank Learning

Neuroimaging techniques have been widely applied to various neurodegenerative disease analysis to reveal the intricate brain structure. The high dimensional neuroimaging features and limited sample size are the main challenges for the diagnosis task due to the unbalanced input data. To handle it, a sparse low-rank learning framework is proposed, which unveils the underlying relationships between input data and output targets by building a matrix-regularized feature network. Then we obtain the feature weight from the network based on local clustering coefficients. By discarding the irrelevant features and preserving the discriminative structured features, our proposed method can select the most relevant features and identify different stages of Parkinson's disease (PD) from normal controls. Extensive experimental results evaluated on the Parkinson's progression markers initiative (PPMI) dataset demonstrate that the proposed method achieves promising classification performance and outperforms the conventional algorithms. Furthermore, it can detect potential brain regions related to PD for future medical analysis.
Dynamics of two resistively coupled electric circuits of 4th order

We have studied the case of chaotic synchronization of two identical nonlinear autonomous electric circuits, which are mutually (bidirectionally) coupled via a linear resistor RC. The two circuits can be either υC1-coupled or υC2-coupled. Both, experimental and simulation results, have shown that chaotic synchronization is possible only in the case of υC2-coupling.
The emergence of language consensus - Intensifying language interaction in information systems development

The delivery of IS services is very resource consuming in all organizations. In an era in which management optimization is one of the bases for competitive advantage, sourcing options must be judged carefully. Traditionally, the dilemma has been considered in terms of make (insourcing) or buy (outsourcing). But both of these options have shown a certain amount of problems. Although outsourcing has allowed firms to concentrate on their core competencies, it has also shown several issues that prove it is not a panacea. Insourcing, on the other hand, does not allow a great deal of flexibility and we also find that it is every time more frequent that firms do not want their amount of staff to grow. Between both options, the internal mechanism has arisen. Its use entitles the creation of an intermediate society between the organization and the market. This article shows two cases of organizations from different environments in which the sourcing process involved the creation of an intermediate organization to act as the described buffering mechanism. Both processes were related to the IS/ICT function, one in Spain and another one in Italy. The study of the two cases has helped us identify and confirm empirically a number of features achieved by this internal mechanism use.
Liquid-to-Solid Phase Transition of a 1,3-Dimethylimidazolium Chloride Ionic Liquid Monolayer Confined between Graphite Walls

Molecular dynamics simulations were performed to study the phase behavior of a monolayer of room temperature ionic liquid 1,3-dimethylimidazolium chloride ([Dmim][Cl]) confined between two graphite walls at 425 K. These simulations predict a first-order freezing transition from a liquid monolayer to a solid monolayer induced by varying the distance between the parallel graphite walls (H = similar to 0.65-0.95 nm). The resulting monolayer solid consisting of a hydrogen-bonded network structure is very different from bulk crystalline [Dmim][Cl]. The phase transition can be induced only at a molecular surface density of rho = 1.9/nM(2).
MULTITHERMAL REPRESENTATION OF THE KAPPA-DISTRIBUTION OF SOLAR FLARE ELECTRONS AND APPLICATION TO SIMULTANEOUS X-RAY AND EUV OBSERVATIONS

Acceleration of particles and plasma heating is one of the fundamental problems in solar flare physics. An accurate determination of the spectrum of flare-energized electrons over a broad energy range is crucial for our understanding of aspects such as the acceleration mechanism and the total flare energy. Recent years have seen a growing interest in the kappa-distribution as a representation of the total spectrum of flare-accelerated electrons. In this work we present the kappa-distribution as a differential emission measure. This allows for inferring the electron distribution from X-ray observations and EUV observations by simultaneously fitting the proposed function to RHESSI and SDO/AIA data. This yields the spatially integrated electron spectra of a coronal source from less than 0.1 keV up to several tens of keV. The method is applied to a single-loop GOES C4.1 flare. The results show that the total energy can only be determined accurately by combining RHESSI and AIA observations. Simultaneously fitting the proposed representation of the kappa-distribution reduces the electron number density in the analyzed flare by a factor of ∼30 and the total flare energy by a factor of ∼5 compared with the commonly used fitting of RHESSI spectra. The spatially integrated electron spectrum of the investigated flare between 0.043 and 24 keV is consistent with the combination of a low-temperature (∼2 MK) component and a hot (∼11 MK) kappa-like component with spectral index 4, reminiscent of solar wind distributions.
A Pneumatic Miniature Robotic Control System Based on Improved Single Neural Network PID Control

At present pneumatic miniature robotic control system usually adopts PID control strategy. The basic PID control strategy has its limitations. To cope with this problem, a lot of methods to optimize this strategy have been researched. In the paper an improved single neural network PID control strategy is put forward. The control strategy is a single neuron adaptive controller with adjusting weighting coefficient. Both simulation and experimental results indicate that this scheme is a feasible control method for the 3-dof pneumatic miniature robotic control system. KeywordsRubber actuator, Inchworm movement, single neural network, PID.
Motivation Factors in Dark Tourism

Dark tourism is a multi-layered mixture of history and heritage, tourism and tragedies. Humanity has been interested in the end of life since the time of pilgrimages. In contemporary society the individual has been isolated from the end of life and even discussing it is considered taboo. Why do people travel to dark attractions associated with death and suffering if even talking about them is so hard? The House of Terror museum in Budapest, Hungary, is a good example of a dark tourism attraction. It stands as a monument to the memory of those held captive, tortured and killed in the building under the Nazi and the Communist reigns during and after the Second World War. Opened on February 24 in 2002, the museum reveals the horrors of the two cruellest systems of the 20 century with the purpose to draw people's attention to understanding the sacrifice for the freedom in Hungary – and giving the visitor a possibility to contemplate the balance of life and death. The core of this study is to find out which factors motivate tourists to travel to dark tourism attractions and, especially, to visit the House of Terror museum. The theoretical context will present the definitions of tourism with its subgroups and, more specifically, dark tourism. Motivation in tourism will be also discussed. The functional part of this thesis includes designing and implementing a customer questionnaire for the House of Terror museum. Dark tourism is a special type of tourism business which doesn't appeal to everyone but has an important role in delivering information and bringing the past to present. According to the quantitative survey in the House of Terror, the strongest motivating factor was educational: People visit the museum in order to get information about the Second World War and the site's background. Emotional and educational motives are strongly related to dark tourism as well as seeking one's heritage, indulging curiosity and searching for nostalgia. Visiting a dark attraction can cause not only strong emotions but also broader discussion and contemplation about the dark side of history and humanity.
Hepatitis C virus : risk factors and disease progression

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Examining the determinants of efficiency using a latent class stochastic frontier model

Abstract In this study, we combine the latent class stochastic frontier model with the complex time decay model to form a single-stage approach that accounts for unobserved technological differences to estimate efficiency and the determinants of efficiency. In this way, we contribute to the literature by estimating “pure” efficiency and determinants of productive units based on the class structure. An application of this proposed model is presented using data on the Ghanaian banking system. Our results show that inefficiency effects on the productive unit are specific to the class structure of the productive unit and therefore assuming a common technology for all productive units as is in the popular Battese and Coelli model used extensively in the literature may be misleading. The study therefore provides useful empirical evidence on the importance of accounting for unobserved technological differences across productive units. A policy based on the identified classes of the productive unit enables a more accurate and effectual measures to address efficiency challenges within the banking industry, thereby promoting financial sector development and economic growth.
Trace ideal criteria for Toeplitz and Hankel operators on the weighted Bergman spaces with exponential type weights.

Let dA denote the area measure for the unit disk D in the complex plane C. Let L(D) denote L(D, dA) and let L°°(D) denote L°°(O, dA). Let ψ : D -> IR be a subharmonic function. Let LTM(D) be the space of all measurable functions / on D such that e~f G L°°(D) and let HTM(B) denote the subspace of LTM(B) consisting of analytic functions. Let l£(O) be the Hubert space of all measurable functions / on D such that ||/||L2 =: (/D \f\ e' dA) < oo. The inner product of L2φ(β) is given by (/, g)Li = JΏfge~ dA for /, g G L2φ{β). Let AL 2 φ{p) denote the closed subspace of L (D) consisting of analytic functions. Let P be the orthogonal projection from L2φ(Ώ)) onto AL2φ(Ώ>), which is given by Pf(z) = JΌK(z,w)f(w)e^dA(w), where K(z,w) is the reproducing kernel of AL2φ(Ό). For b G L (Ό), the Hankel operator Hb on AL 2 φ (D) is defined on the dense set iϊ£°(D) of AL 2 φ (D) (for certain class of subharmonic ψ) by
Title The Number of Parvalbumin-Expressing Interneurons Is Decreased in the Medial Prefrontal Cortex in Autism Permalink

The cognitive phenotype of autismhas been correlatedwith an altered balance of excitation to inhibition in the cerebral cortex, which could result from a change in the number, function, or morphology of GABA-expressing interneurons. The number of GABAergic interneuron subtypes has not been quantified in the autistic cerebral cortex. We classified interneurons into 3 subpopulations based on expression of the calcium-binding proteins parvalbumin, calbindin, or calretinin. We quantified the number of each interneuron subtype in postmortem neocortical tissue from 11 autistic cases and 10 control cases. Prefrontal BrodmannAreas (BA) BA46, BA47, and BA9 in autismand age-matched controlswere analyzed by blinded researchers.We show that the number of parvalbumin+ interneurons in these 3 cortical areas—BA46, BA47, and BA9—is significantly reduced in autism compared with controls. The number of calbindin+ and calretinin+ interneurons did not differ in the cortical areas examined. Parvalbumin+ interneurons are fast-spiking cells that synchronize the activity of pyramidal cells through perisomatic and axo-axonic inhibition. The reduced number of parvalbumin+ interneurons could disrupt the balance of excitation/inhibition and alter gamma wave oscillations in the cerebral cortex of autistic subjects. These data will allow development of novel treatments specifically targeting parvalbumin interneurons.