Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
High Inequality and Slow Services Improvement in Newborn and Child Health Interventions in Ethiopia

Background In the previous years, efforts have been made to reduce the inequality gap in newborn and child health interventions in Ethiopia. However, there is still limited evidence on the extent and trends of inequality on newborn and child health interventions. Thus, we aimed to assess newborn and child health interventions, inequality levels, and trends during four demographic and health survey periods based on inequality dimensions: economic status, education level, residency, and child’s sex in Ethiopia. Methods We conducted an inequality analysis on four periods (2000, 2005, 2011, and 2016) of the Ethiopian Demographic and Health Survey (EDHS) data. We estimated inequality related to economic and education status using percentage, relative concentration index, and slope index, while mean percentage difference and ratio were used to assess inequality due to residency and child’s sex. Results The coverage of services was concentrated in the richest quintile, highly educated families, and urban dwellers. Child and newborn health intervention service coverage improvement in the past four survey periods was less than 10.0% for all services, and there is high disparity between sub-national regions. Full immunization-related inequality was highest in Ethiopia compared to four east-central African countries. Conclusion Increasing service coverage and improving equitable access to routine immunizations could fill the existing inequality gap while focusing on the underserved group. In addition, strengthening regular monitoring processes is also vital to know those left behind.
Landsat near-infrared (NIR) band and ELM-FATES sensitivity to forest disturbances and regrowth in the Central Amazon

Abstract. Forest disturbance and regrowth are key processes in forest dynamics, but detailed information on these processes is difficult to obtain in remote forests such as the Amazon. We used chronosequences of Landsat satellite imagery (Landsat 5 Thematic Mapper and Landsat 7 Enhanced Thematic Mapper Plus) to determine the sensitivity of surface reflectance from all spectral bands to windthrow, clear-cut, and clear-cut and burned (cut + burn) and their successional pathways of forest regrowth in the Central Amazon. We also assessed whether the forest demography model Functionally Assembled Terrestrial Ecosystem Simulator (FATES) implemented in the Energy Exascale Earth System Model (E3SM) Land Model (ELM), ELM-FATES, accurately represents the changes for windthrow and clear-cut. The results show that all spectral bands from the Landsat satellites were sensitive to the disturbances but after 3 to 6 years only the near-infrared (NIR) band had significant changes associated with the successional pathways of forest regrowth for all the disturbances considered. In general, the NIR values decreased immediately after disturbance, increased to maximum values with the establishment of pioneers and early successional tree species, and then decreased slowly and almost linearly to pre-disturbance conditions with the dynamics of forest succession. Statistical methods predict that NIR values will return to pre-disturbance values in about 39, 36, and 56 years for windthrow, clear-cut, and cut + burn disturbances, respectively. The NIR band captured the observed, and different, successional pathways of forest regrowth after windthrow, clear-cut, and cut + burn. Consistent with inferences from the NIR observations, ELM-FATES predicted higher peaks of biomass and stem density after clear-cuts than after windthrows. ELM-FATES also predicted recovery of forest structure and canopy coverage back to pre-disturbance conditions in 38 years after windthrows and 41 years after clear-cut. The similarity of ELM-FATES predictions of regrowth patterns after windthrow and clear-cut to those of the NIR results suggests the NIR band can be used to benchmark forest regrowth in ecosystem models. Our results show the potential of Landsat imagery data for mapping forest regrowth from different types of disturbances, benchmarking, and the improvement of forest regrowth models.
ℱ3-Net: Feature Fusion and Filtration Network for Object Detection in Optical Remote Sensing Images

Object detection in remote sensing (RS) images is a challenging task due to the difficulties of small size, varied appearance, and complex background. Although a lot of methods have been developed to address this problem, many of them cannot fully exploit multilevel context information or handle cluttered background in RS images either. To this end, in this paper, we propose a feature fusion and filtration network (F3-Net) to improve object detection in RS images, which has higher capacity of combining the context information at multiple scales while suppressing the interference from the background. Specifically, F3-Net leverages a feature adaptation block with a residual structure to adjust the backbone network in an end-to-end manner, better considering the characteristics of RS images. Afterward, the network learns the context information of the object at multiple scales by hierarchically fusing the feature maps from different layers. In order to suppress the interference from cluttered background, the fused feature is then projected into a low-dimensional subspace by an additional feature filtration module. As a result, more relevant and accurate context information is extracted for further detection. Extensive experiments on DOTA, NWPU VHR-10, and UCAS AOD datasets demonstrate that the proposed detector achieves very promising detection performance.
Wild, Native, or Pure: Trout as Genetic Bodies

Advances in genetics and genomics have raised new questions in trout restoration and management, specifically about species identity and purity, which fish to value, and where these fish belong. This paper examines how this molecular turn in fisheries management is influencing wild and native trout policy in Colorado. Examples from two small Colorado watersheds, Bear Creek and Sand Creek, illustrate how framing trout as genetic bodies can guide managers to care for or kill trout populations in the interest of rectifying decades of genetic disruption caused by human activity. While trout management has typically relied on human intervention, the turn to genetic science is prompting new classifications of lineage and taxa, altering long-standing conservation priorities, and reorienting the manipulation of biological processes such as reproduction and dispersal. As a result, other social and ecological factors may be pushed to the margins of management decisions. These changes warrant greater conversation about the consequences of molecular analyses and the values embedded in trout science and conservation more broadly.
The Distinction between the Absolute and Relative Advantages of Cultural Capital: Different Conceptualizations, Different Consequences

Cultural capital has been increasingly understood as acquirable cultural resources that concern a plural class structure and localized relational symbolic struggles. Against this background, the advantages of cultural capital can be conceptualized not only as the gap between the upper and the lower classes (the absolute advantage), but also as the status relative to the peers of a substantively meaningful group (the relative advantage). The current study makes the distinction between the absolute and relative advantages of cultural capital, and illustrates it using the Programme for International Student Assessment (PISA) 2000. Both types of advantages are significantly stratified by family origin, but the absolute advantage has a significantly stronger positive correlation with test performances than the relative advantage while only the relative advantage reveals a significantly negative correlation with school misbehaviour.
Biological removal of nutrients (N & P) from urban wastewater with a modified integrated fixed‐film activated sludge‐oxic settling anoxic system using an anoxic sludge holding tank

In this research, the efficiency of the integrated fixed‐film activated sludge‐oxic settling anoxic (IFAS‐OSA) system in biological nutrient removal was studied. The oxic‐settling anoxic (OSA) process is known as a cost effective way to reduce the nutrients (nitrogen and Phosphorus). According to the results, the percentages of total nitrogen removal efficiency in the IFAS, IFAS‐OSA2h and IFAS‐OSA4h systems were 78.56 ± 2.46, 83.60 ± 0.92 and 85.03 ± 1.69, respectively, while the percentages of phosphorus removal efficiency in these systems were 32.69 ± 8.25, 36.35 ± 6.73 and 39.87 ± 3.61, respectively. The PCR‐RFLP method showed that C. albicans had the greatest prevalence (n = 36, 90%). Moreover, Vorticella convallaria was identified as the most abundant species of protozoa. The current research demonstrated that the efficiency of the modified IFAS‐OSA process was higher than that of IFAS in the removal of nutrients (TN and PO43 –P) and can be a suitable method for upgrading the wastewater treatment plants worldwide.
Tecnología, formación de habilidades e inestabilidad económica

The persisted throughout all these years is a universal tendency of capitalism to worldwide instability (and crisis) beyond a single country or region, engulfing the entire planet. This note tends to focus on a related subset of such instabilities that has to do with fast-paced, hyper-competitive technological change due to the transnationalization of capital and thus globalization of world economy. In consequence, this would have a devastating and indeed disrupting effect on the existing skills across the 1 Un borrador inicial de este artículo fue presentado en el Second Grenoble Post-Keynesian and Institutionalist Conference: Instability, Growth and Regulation held in Grenoble, France (December 79, 2017). Cyrus Bina es académicos de economía en la División de Ciencias Sociales de la Universidad de Minnesota (Morris Campus), USA. E-mail binac@umn.edu. Traducción del inglés al español por Maribel Núñez revisión de Jesús Sosa. http://dx.doi. org/10.22201/fe.18701442e. 2020.37. 77772 Cyrus Bina Análisis Técnología e inestabilidad económica 51 various sectors of the economy, and ultimately beyond the geography of production outside the boundary of nation-states
What ATS Scholar Looks for in an Educational Video

In the Spring of 2020, the global coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) massively disrupted both clinical care and medical education. Because of the need for physical distancing owing to COVID-19, there has been a dramatic rise in remote teaching and learning that has occurred throughout medical education, with an increased focus on developing high-quality online medical educational resources (1). Video-based educational resources were already a major component of medical education prior to SARS-CoV-2, but the need for developing synchronous and asynchronous web-based teaching materials has further increased the role of videos in teaching medical learners.
Stimuli-responsive polymer hydrogels containing partially exfoliated graphite

In this work, a new stimuli-responsive composite polymer hydrogel containing partially exfoliated graphite was prepared by frontal polymerization. The materials obtained were characterized by differential scanning calorimetry, RAMAN, scan electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, atomic force microscopy, and in terms of swelling behavior. It was found that the maximum temperature reached by the polymerization front and the lower critical solution temperature are affected by the graphite content.
Electrical and optical properties linked to laser damage behavior in conductive thin film materials

Epsilon-near-zero-materials (ENZ-materials) and their unique properties are key to the successful integration and miniaturization of optical components. Novel concepts, which promise significant progress in this field of research, such as optical switches and thin film electro-optical modulators, are possible when the electrical and optical properties of ENZ-materials are carefully exploited. To achieve a greater understanding of these properties, in this paper the electrical conductivity, optical transmittance, as well as absorption of thin indium tin oxide films, are investigated and linked to their laser-induced damage threshold in the ultra-short pulse regime. To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this is the first concise study linking the electrical properties of indium tin oxide to its properties regarding high-power laser applications.
Intellectual Capital: The Current Affluence of Organizations in Malaysian Banking Industry.

This article discusses on the importance of Intellectual Capital in organization. In this new millennium, the dependence on intellectual capital has an indispensable rise on the economy from industrialization into knowledge-based economy. The main motivation behind this study is to educate that intangible asset is recognized as the key driver of efficiency and economic growth. Moreover, the competitive business environment is compulsory for firm to apply an innovative method to conduct business. Therefore, Intellectual Capital is needed to protect the organizations against the demand of innovation and competitive business environment in today’s knowledge-oriented economy. Nowadays, sources of economic value and wealth encompasses not only the goods manufactured by organizations but also their intangible assets. Hence, intellectual capital will attribute to additional role in generating values. In the knowledge based socio-economic period where intellectual capital has become one of the production factors, performance measurements for organization may not be viable with traditional accounting practices any longer as many people value intellectual somewhat than physical resources. The main idea of exploring Intellectual Capital in banking industry is because of the nature of banking industry as a knowledge intensive industry. Moreover, countries economy and growth highly dependent on monetary and financial stability, thus banking industry plays a crucial role in the development of financial systems.
Algoritmos Genéticos para Determinação da Cinemática Inversa de um Robô de 6DoF

The inverse kinematics of a robotic manipulator consists on determining the robot’s joints positions so that its end-effector reaches a defined position and orientation. Depending on the robot’s architecture and the desired pose, the problem may have one, multiple or even no solution. This article presents the development and application of genetic algorithm techniques to determine the inverse kinematics of a robotic manipulator with six degrees of freedom. Focusing on the specific application, we investigate different genetic algorithms configurations, considering the effects of the initial population, number of generations, selection methods, crossover and mutation. The genetic algorithms are implemented in MatLab, which is integrated with RobotStudio software for controlling virtual and real robots from ABB. The proposed solution is validated through simulations with an IRB120 manipulator, controlling the robot’s joints in order to achieve the desired pose. Resumo: O cálculo da cinemática inversa de um manipulador robótico consiste em determinar a posição das juntas do robô de forma que seu efetuador alcance uma posição e orientação definida. Conforme a arquitetura do robô e a pose desejada, o problema pode possuir uma, múltiplas ou até mesmo nenhuma solução. Este artigo apresenta o desenvolvimento e aplicação de técnicas de algoritmos genéticos para determinação da cinemática inversa de um manipulador robótico de seis graus de liberdade. Buscando melhor desempenho para a aplicação espećıfica, são investigadas diferentes configurações de algoritmos genéticos, considerando os efeitos da população inicial, número de gerações, métodos de seleção, crossover e mutação. Os algoritmos genéticos são implementados no MatLab, que é integrado ao software RobotStudio para o comando de robôs virtuais e reais da ABB. A solução proposta é validada através de simulações com um manipulador IRB120, comandando as juntas do robô de forma a alcançar a pose desejada.
A new recognition algorithm for high-voltage lines based on improved LSD and convolutional neural networks

With the development of high-voltage transmission and artiﬁcial intelligence technology, unmanned line inspection has become the inevitable trend of current electric power inspection. A new recognition algorithm for high-voltage lines is proposed based on colour (Red, Green, Blue) RGB image to support the unmanned line inspection. Firstly, in order to solve the problem of missing weak edges in image edge detection, an improved Canny algorithm is proposed. Fourier transform Gaussian ﬁlter is introduced to enhance the high-frequency signal of the image, which makes the extracted edge information more complete. At the same time, an improved line segment detector (LSD) algorithm is developed to extract the high-voltage line. The complementary edge information of the three channels of the colour RGB image is analyzed, and the calculation formula of the horizontal line angle is improved, which greatly reduces the possibility of false detection and missed detection in the high-voltage line extraction. In addition, the convolution neural network (CNN) is used to accurately recognize the extracted high-voltage lines, which reduces the interference of non–high-voltage lines. Simulation results show that the proposed algorithm has high
From Ferrari to Citroneta. Sustaining student teachers’ stories

ABSTRACT ‘Son, the only thing that I want is to tell you is that I need you to be aware that you are getting out of a Ferrari and into a Citroneta. ’ This is what David’s father said to him when he left engineering to enter physical education. In his new career, a teacher educator asked him, ‘Why didn’t you study something more difficult? ’ David’s intellectual curiosity increased, so three years later, he also started to study pedagogy in philosophy in parallel. When he told another teacher educator that he had begun this new pedagogical program, that teacher said, ‘You will be two times poor! ’ We think, write, and rewrite together these stories, analyzing the role of teacher educators in support of teacher education experiences. This research was conducted using the three-dimensional spaces of an autobiographical narrative inquiry. The narrative analysis was a thorough rereading of the final text and conversations between the participant/first author and the second author (teacher educator). Stories lead people to think about sustaining teachers to assist them in experiencing more desirable educational processes. We asked questions about helping teachers to preserve motivation and persistence across the difficulties associated with teaching tasks.
Foley's Catheter with or without Misoprostol in Induction of labor: (Randomised Double Blind Control Study)

Background: Labor induction is the initiation of labor at a viable pregnancy duration by artificial means, and occurs before the spontaneous onset of labor. The goal of labor induction is to achieve a timely and uncomplicated vaginal delivery with minimal adverse effects on the mother or newborn.Objective: To compare the efficacy of the use of foleys catheter with either misoprostol or placebo to improve induction to delivery interval in women with unfavorable cervix undergoing induction of labor. Patients and Methods: The present study is a randomized double blind controlled study that was conducted at Maternity hospital of Ain Shams university. The study included 100 candidates on 4 equal goups:50 nulliparas randomized into 2 groups and 50 multiparas randomized into 2 groups. Each group underwent labor induction by Foleys catheter and Misoprostol or placebo.Results: labor stages were significantly shorter in combined group than in Foley's group,but no significant difference in third stage. Oxytocin duration and total dose were significantly lower in combined group. No significant difference among studied groups regarding mode of delivery or fetal or maternal complications. Conclusion: Combined Foleys catheter and misoprostol provides a shorter duration of cervical ripening, less oxytocin required with no added complications compared to Foleys catheter alone.
A comparative analysis of different biofluids using Raman spectroscopy to determine disease activity in ANCA‐associated vasculitis

Identifying persistent or relapsing disease in anti‐neutrophil cytoplasmic autoantibody‐ associated vasculitis (AAV) remains a clinical challenge with an unmet need for a reliable biomarker of multisystem disease. In this study, we confirm for the first time that Raman spectroscopy offers a novel cost‐effective candidate biomarker to discriminate active disease from remission in AAV with excellent accuracy. Spectrochemical interrogation of plasma and serum samples demonstrated equal ability to discriminate disease activity with good group separation on PC1 direction and a high degree of accuracy on validation testing using blind predictive modelling: F‐score 80% for plasma (specificity 93.3%, sensitivity 70%, AUC 0.95) and 80% for serum (specificity 80%, sensitivity 80%, AUC 0.92). Similar findings were seen on analysis of paired remission samples following successful remission‐induction therapy. A larger study with longitudinal data is required to validate these findings with the potential to aid patient care.
Influence of additives on the crystallization kinetics of semicrystalline polymers. II: Selective polymer-additive interaction in poly(vinylidene difluoride)—poly(methylmethacrylate) blends

The influence of pigments and mineral fillers on the crystallization kinetics of poly(vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF) in its blends with poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) was studied by Differential Scanning Calorimetry and Optical Microscopy. The introduction of organic pigments or mineral fillers into PVDF results in a more or less significant increase in non-isothermal crystallization temperatures, depending on the additives used. In PVDF, the pigment nucleation activity is quite different from that previously found in poly(butylene terephthalate) (PBT). Attractive interactions between PVDF and additive surfaces are particularly important parameters. The competition between pigments and talc lead to the observation that some pigments are able to inhibit the nucleating power of this mineral in PVDF, probably through specific attractive interactions. In PVDF-PMMA blends, selective interactions between polymers and additives were observed, depending on their chemical structures. Highly chlorinated pigments present a strong attraction for PMMA and then lose an important part of their nucleating power towards PVDF. On the other hand, a pigment containing carbonyl groups becomes the most active nucleating agent, illustrating the presence of strong interactions between such compounds and the PVDF C-H bonds.