Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Performance evaluation of COFDM for digital audio broadcasting. I. Parametric study

This paper describes the performance of COFDM (coded orthogonal frequency division multiplexing) for digital audio broadcasting (DAB) over various multipath mobile radio channels. COFDM is a channel coding and modulation scheme which mitigates the adverse effects of fading by using wideband multicarrier modulation combined with time interleaving and a convolutional error correcting code. A guard interval is inserted at the transition between successive symbols to absorb the intersymbol interference created by the time domain spread of the mobile radio channel. The decoding process is performed using differential demodulation in conjunction with a soft decision Viterbi decoder. The COFDM evaluation is done by means of computer simulations. A parametric study of the proposed COFDM system is done in this first of a series of papers to determine the optimal system parameter values for operation at a radio frequency of 1.5 GHz. The results show that the parameter values proposed in the standard are indeed well suited for operation at 1.5 GHz. Using the set of optimal parameter values found, the COFDM performance is then evaluated in mobile radio channels typical of different geographical environments. Simulation results confirm the benefit that the system gains from frequency diversity found in the urban and hilly terrain areas.
IDEAL: an IntegrateD REsource MAnagement Language

As the size and complexity of managed networks grows, it is increasingly important that administrators have help managing them. The SNMP standard which has become widespread in use is a first reply to their needs. However SNMP is a basic language and leads to centralized management which is not acceptable for the management of enterprise-wide networks. To overcome these deficiencies, this paper proposes an integrated resource management language (IDEAL) which offers a high level syntax for the quick development of network, system and service management applications. Delegation which is an application of mobile code technology, is introduced to minimize both the use of resources at the network level and processing time at the manager level.
Aprendizaje Activo en Simulaciones Interactivas

Las simulaciones por ordenador en entornos inmersivos se han utilizado tradicionalmente como herramientas de ensenanza sobre todo en dominios donde el entrenamiento en el mundo real resulta demasiado costoso o peligro-so. El trabajo que aqui presentamos se enmarca dentro de una linea emergente en la aplicacion de los entornos inmersivos de ensenanza que no busca replicar en el entorno virtual las sensaciones del mundo real sino favorecer la motivacion del estudiante y el aprendizaje en el contexto de una actividad de resolucion de problemas. En este articulo presentamos el sistema JV2M, un entorno de aprendizaje para ensenar la maquina virtual de Java y la compilacion de lenguajes orientados a objetos a traves de una metafora que utiliza el lenguaje de los video-juegos. En JV2M la actividad del estudiante se centra en la resolucion de ejercicios con la colaboracion de un agente virtual pedagogico, cuyo comportamiento viene dado por una representacion explicita de conocimiento del dominio. Ademas del funcionamiento y arquitectura del sistema, se describen aqui las herramientas de autoria que soportan su uso.
Datapath error detection with no detection latency for high-performance microprocessors

Error detection plays an important role in fault-tolerant computer systems. Two primary parameters concerned for error detection are the coverage and latency. In this paper, a new, hybrid error-detection approach offering a very high coverage with zero detection latency is proposed to protect the data paths of high-performance microprocessors. The feature of zero detection latency is essential to real-time error recovery. The hybrid error-detection approach is to combine the duplication with comparison, tripcle modular redundancy (TMR) and self-checking mechanisms to construct a formal framework, which allows the error-detection schemes of varying hardware complexity, performance and error-detection coverage to be incorporated. An experimental 32-bit VLIW core was employed to demonstrate the concept of hybrid detection approach. The hardware implementations in VHDL and simulated fault injection experiments were conducted to measure the interesting design metrics, such as hardware overhead, performance degradation and error-detection coverage.
Computer Localization of Brain Lesions

Medical decisions regarding diagnosis, testing, and therapy often rely on anatomical knowledge. Although the need for anatomical reasoning in medical expert systems was later recognized, medical expert systems such as Mycin [1] and Internist [2] lacked this facility. In clinical neurology anatomical localization pennits the preliminary narro wing of the diagnostic possibilities [3]. This project investigated a method of representing neuroanatomy for the spatial localization of brain injuries by computer.
The Variables Which Affect the Success in English Teaching in Schools.

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Comparing the Standard and Electronic Versions of the Alzheimer’s Disease Assessment Scale — Cognitive Subscale: A Validation Study

The Alzheimer’s Disease Assessment Scale (ADAS-Cog) has become the de facto gold-standard for assessing the efficacy of putative anti-dementia treatments. There has been an increasing interest in providing greater standardization, automation, and administration consistency to the scale. Recently, electronic versions of the ADAS-Cog (eADAS-Cog) have been utilized in clinical trials and demonstrated significant reductions in frequency of rater error as compared to paper. In order to establish validity of the electronic version (eADAS-Cog), 20 subjects who had received a diagnosis of probable Alzheimer’s disease (AD) at a private US Memory Clinic completed a single-center, randomized, counterbalanced, prospective trial comparing a version of the eADAS-Cog to the standard paper scale. Interclass Correlation Coefficient on total scores and Kappa analysis on domain scores yielded high agreement (0.88–0.99). Effects of order and mode of administration on ADAS-Cog total scores did not demonstrate a significant main effect. Overall, this study establishes adequate concurrent validity between the ADAS-Cog and eADAS-Cog among an adult population with diagnosed AD.
Feature selection with distinction sensitive learning vector quantisation and genetic algorithms

Two feature selection methods, a distinction-sensitive learning vector quantizer (DSLVQ) and a genetic algorithm (GA) approach, are applied to multichannel electroencephalogram (EEG) patterns. It is shown how DSLVQ adjusts the influence of different input features according to their relevance for classification. Using a weighted distance function DSLVQ thereby performs feature selection along with classification. The results are compared with those of a GA which minimizes the number of features taken for classification while maximizing classification performance. The multichannel EEG patterns used in this paper stem from a study for the construction of a brain-computer interface, which is a system designed for handicapped persons to help them use their EEG for control of their environment. For such a system, reliable EEG classification, i.e. differentiation of several distinctive EEG patterns, is vital. In practice the number of electrodes for EEG recordings can be high (up to 56 and more) and different frequency bands and time intervals for each electrode can be used for classification simultaneously. This shows the importance of methods automatically selecting the most distinctive out of a number of available features. <<ETX>>
Scenario Customization for Information Extraction

Information Extraction (IE) is an emerging NLP technology, whose function is to process unstructured, natural language text, to locate specific pieces of information, or facts, in the text, and to use these facts to fill a database. IE systems today are commonly based on pattern matching. The core IE engine uses a cascade of sets of patterns of increasing linguistic complexity. Each pattern consists of a regular expression and an associated mapping from syntactic to logical form. The pattern sets are customized for each new topic, as defined by the set of facts to be extracted. Construction of a pattern base for a new topic is recognized as a time-consuming and expensive process—a principal roadblock to wider use of IE technology in the large. An effective pattern base must be precise and have wide coverage. This thesis addresses the portability problem in two stages. First, we introduce a set of tools for building patterns manually from examples. To adapt the IE system to a new subject domain quickly, the user chooses a set of example sentences from a training text, and specifies how each example maps to the extracted event—its logical form. The system then applies meta-rules to transform the example automatically into a general set of patterns. This effectively shifts the portability bottleneck from building patterns to finding good examples. Second, we propose a novel methodology for discovering good examples automatically from a large un-annotated corpus of text. The system is initially seeded with a small set of good patterns given by the user. An incremental learning procedure then identifies new patterns and classes of related terms on successive iterations. We present experimental results, which confirm that the discovered patterns exhibit high quality, as measured in terms of precision and recall.
A wideband speech and audio codec at 16/24/32 kbit/s using hybrid ACELP/TCX techniques

A hybrid ACELP/TCX algorithm for coding speech and music signals at 16, 24, and 32 kbit/s is presented. The algorithm switches between algebraic code excited linear prediction (ACELP) and transform coded excitation (TCX) modes on a 20-ms frame basis. Applying TCX on 20 ms frames improved the quality for music signals. Special care was taken to alleviate the switching artifacts between the two modes resulting in a transparent switching process. Subjective test results showed that for speech signals, the performance at 16, 24, and 32 kbit/s, is equivalent to G.722 at 48, 56, and 64 kbit/s, respectively. For music signals, the quality at 24 kbit/s was found equivalent to G.722 at 56 kbit/s. However, at 16 kbit/s, the quality for music was slightly lower than G.722 at 48 kbit/s.
A software audio terminal for interactive communications in Web-based educational environments over the Internet

This paper describes the software architecture of a multimedia educational tool which is suitable for delivering educational material over the World Wide Web under the different forms of HTML slides, digitized video-taped lessons, interactive and adaptive exercises and quizzes to solve, and real time synchronized audio. Such one Web-based educational tool embodies a software audio terminal that allows its users to conduct full-duplex, real time interactive audio conversations across the Internet. The authors discuss the main design issues of that audio terminal and report on several real-world experiments carried out over Internet connections that confirm the efficacy of the strategies they have adopted.
Accelerating Network Coding on Graphics Processors

Network coding has recently been widely applied in various distributed systems for throughput improvement and/or resilience to network dynamics. However, the computational overhead introduced by network coding operations is not negligible and has become the obstacle for practical deployment of network coding. In this paper, I exploit the computing power of commodity many-core Graphic Processing Units (GPUs) and multi-core CPUs to accelerate the network coding computation. With the implementation of the algorithms, significant encoding and decoding throughput can be achieved.
PERFORMANCE ANALYSIS OF TRANSPORT LAYER BASED Hybrid Covert Channel Detection Engine

Computer network is unpredictable due to information warfareand is prone to various attacks. Such attacks on network compromiseson the most important attribute, the privacy. Most of such attacksare devised using special communication channel called Covert Channel". The word Covert" stands for hidden or nontransparent.Network Covert Channel is concealed communication paths within legitimatenetwork communication that clearly violates security policies laiddown. Non-transparency in covert channel is also referred to as trapdoor.A trapdoor is unintended design within legitimate communication whosemotto is leak information. Subliminal channel, a variant of covert channelworks similarly as network covert channel except that trapdoor is setin cryptographic algorithm. A composition of covert channel with subliminalchannel is the Hybrid Covert Channel". Hybrid covert channelis the homogeneous or heterogeneous mixture of two or more variantsof covert channel either active at same instance or at different instanceof time. Detecting such malicious channel activity plays a vital role inremoving threat to legitimate network.In this paper, we introduce new detection engine for hybrid covert channelin transport layer visualized in TCP and SSL. A setup made onexperimental test bed (DE-HCC9) in RD Lab of our department. Thepurpose of this study is to introduce few performance metrics to evaluatedetection engine and also to understand the multi-trapdoor natureof covert channel.
A methodology for evacuation route planning inside buildings using geospatial technology

Evacuation route planning is a fundamentaltask for building engineering projects. Safety regulations are established so that all occupants are driven on time out of a building to a secure place when faced with an emergencysituation. As an example, Spanish buildingcoderequiresthe planningof evacuationrouteson largeand, usually,publicbuildings.Engineersoftenplanthese routesonsinglebuildingprojects, repeatedly assigning clusters of rooms to each emergency exit in a trial-and-error process. But problems may arise for a building complex where distribution and use changes make visual analysis cumbersome and sometimes unfeasible. This problem could be solved by using well-known spatial analysis techniques, implemented as a specialized software able to partially emulate engineer reasoning. In this paper we propose and test an easily reproducible methodology that makes use of free and open source software components for solving a case study. We ran a complete test on a building floor at the University of Alicante (Spain). This institution offers a web service (WFS) that allows retrieval of 2D geometries from any building within its campus. We demonstratehowgeospatial technologiesand computational geometry algorithms can be used for automating the creation and optimization of evacuationroutes. In ourcase study,the engineers’task is to verifythat the load capacity of each emergency exit does not exceed the standards specified by Spain’s current regulations. Using Dijkstra’s algorithm, we obtain the shortest paths from every room to the most appropriate emergency exit. Once these paths are calculated, engineers can run simulations and validate, based on path statistics, different cluster configurations. Techniques and tools applied in this research
A real coded genetic algorithm for matrix inequality design approach of robust PID controller with two degrees of freedom

Presents a new, real-coded genetic algorithm and proposes a new design method for a robust PID controller with two degrees of freedom. This design method is based on the matrix inequality and on a real-coded genetic algorithm as an optimization technique. The 2-DOF PID controller designed by the proposed method satisfies the robust stability of a closed-loop system against parametric uncertainties of the plant and multiple design specifications for robust performance. This method is demonstrated by numerical simulations and shows good control performance.
UMA METODOLOGIA ANALÍTICO-DETERMINÍSTICA PARA A AVALIAÇÃO DE DESEMPENHO NO TEMPO DE PROCESSADORES DE REDE IMPLEMENTADOS COMO SISTEMAS-SOBRE-SILÍCIO

The great increase in terms of integration capacity of transistors on integrated circuits has demanded great and constant evolution in the design methodology and practical implementation of embedded electronic systems. Such capacity of integration resulted in the sprouting of systems-on-chips (SoCs). The design of such systems, more complex than their predecessors, significantly changes the traditional flow in the conception of systems, bringing up strategies such like reuse, platform based design, as well as modeling and simulation in different abstraction levels. One of the different abstraction levels under study is the analytical one, where the systems are shaped through abstract representations. The adoption of analytical models presents advantages, such as high speed of execution (allowing a great number of analyses of different models) and easiness for alteration. However, due to their distant representation models, in terms of abstraction, from real implementations, they cannot offer accurate prognostics on several design metrics. Therefore, it is necessary the investigation on methodologies aiming to the enhancement of such models in terms of accuracy and fidelity. The present work shows a methodology of analytical modeling for evaluation of system-on-chip performance guided to the application of network processors of packages. The methodology of Network Calculus, to be implemented in the initial steps of of system-on-chip s design cycle, contributes to reduce the design space exploration. It deals with the building of analytical equations for abstract representations of workloads and also the processing capacity of resources, aiming at to get most pessimistic and most optimistic prognostics of parameters such like latency, buffer requirements and the system utilization, described in abstract way through graphs.
Instantaneous Frequency Of Signals: Concepts, Estimation Techniques And Applications

The instantaneous frequency (IF) of a signal is a parameter which is of significant practical importance, since in many situations it corresponds to some physical phenomenon. This paper considers the definition of the IF, describes a number of ways of estimating it (along with a consideration of how closely the estimates are likely to correspond to physical reality), and presents two applications where IF estimation is used.
The Development of Reading Skills in Children With English as a Second Language

One goal of this longitudinal study was to examine whether the predictors of reading skills in Grade 3 would differ between English as a second language (ESL) students and native English-speaking (L1) students. Phonological processing, syntactic awareness, memory, spelling, word reading, and lexical access skills were assessed in kindergarten and in Grade 3. The results indicated that in kindergarten, the ESL group had significantly lower scores on phonological processing, syntactic awareness, spelling, and memory for sentences tasks. However, in Grade 3, the ESL group performed in a similar way to the L1 group except on the syntactic awareness task. The combination of the two kindergarten measures, memory for sentences and Oral Cloze, and the combination of phonological processing and letter identification all contributed equally to predicting the L1 students' word-reading skills. However, for ESL students, letter identification and phonological processing made much larger contributions to predicting Grade 3 reading ability. Another goal of this study was to assess the procedures used to identify reading disability in the ESL and L1 student sample. Performance on two measures—letter identification and phonological awareness in kindergarten—predicted whether students would be classified in Grade 3 as at risk or having typical reading development for the ESL and L1 groups. The ESL children developed strong reading skills, and their status as ESL speakers did not put them at risk for reading difficulties in Grade 3. ESL students were not at any particular risk for reading difficulties after 4 years in Canadian schooling with an adequate balanced literacy program.
The Chromostereoscopic Process: A Novel Single Image Stereoscopic Process

A novel stereoscopic depth encoding/decoding process has been developed which considerably simplifies the creation and presentation of stereoscopic images in a wide range of display media. The patented chromostereoscopic process is unique because the encoding of depth information is accomplished in a single image. The depth encoded image can be viewed with the unaided eye as a normal two dimensional image. The image attains the appearance of depth, however, when viewed by means of the inexpensive and compact depth decoding passive optical system. The process is compatible with photographic, printed, video, slide projected, computer graphic, and laser generated color images. The range of perceived depth in a given image can be selected by the viewer through the use of "tunable depth" decoding optics, allowing infinite and smooth tuning from exaggerated normal depth through zero depth to exaggerated inverse depth. The process is insensitive to the head position of the viewer. Depth encoding is accomplished by mapping the desired perceived depth of an image component into spectral color. Depth decoding is performed by an optical system which shifts the spatial positions of the colors in the image to create left and right views. The process is particularly well suited to the creation of stereoscopic laser shows. Other applications are also being pursued.
Workflow resource patterns

Workflow systems seek to provide an implementation vehicle for complex, recurring business processes. Notwithstanding this common objective, there are a variety of distinct features offered by commercial workflow management systems. These differences result in significant variations in the ability of distinct tools to represent and implement the plethora of requirements that may arise in contemporary business processes. Many of these requirements recur quite frequently during the requirements analysis activity for workflow systems and abstractions of these requirements serve as a useful means of identifying the key components of workflow languages. Previous work has identified a number of Workflow Control Patterns and Workflow Data Patterns, which characterize the range of control flow and data constructs that might be encountered when modelling and analysing workflows. In this paper, we describe a series of Workflow Resource Patterns that aim to capture the various ways in which resources are represented and utilized in workflows. By delineating these Patterns in a form that is independent of specific workflow technologies and modelling languages, we are able to provide a comprehensive treatment of the resource perspective and we subsequently use these Patterns as the basis for a detailed comparison of a number of commercially available workflow management systems and business process modelling languages.
Forecasting country risk ratings using a neural network

The performance is examined of a neural network at predicting institutional investors' country risk ratings using eight economic indicators. The network is trained on the period of 1983-5 with the backpropagation-of-error algorithm. It is then tested on data for 1986 and the results are compared with a logistic regression model. The evidence confirms the potential of the method for economic applications. <<ETX>>