Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
White Paper: Designing Medical Informatics Research and Library-Resource Projects to Increase What Is Learned

Careful study of medical informatics research and library-resource projects is necessary to increase the productivity of the research and development enterprise. Medical informatics research projects can present unique problems with respect to evaluation. It is not always possible to adapt directly the evaluation methods that are commonly employed in the natural and social sciences. Problems in evaluating medical informatics projects may be overcome by formulating system development work in terms of a testable hypothesis; subdividing complex projects into modules, each of which can be developed, tested and evaluated rigorously; and utilizing qualitative studies in situations where more definitive quantitative studies are impractical.
Power flow analysis for interconnected T&D networks with meshed topology

This paper proposes an extension for the conventional power flow formulation in order to enable it to process interconnected transmission and distribution (T&D) networks with meshed topologies. The proposed extension applies a complex per unit normalization to adequate X/R ratios of Distribution Feeders (DF) to the same levels of Transmission Systems (TS). Additionally, active and reactive power compensations are included at each T&D boundary bus and treated as new state variables, so that the power flow solution of the normalized system is the same as in the original network. Appropriate equivalence between power flows through branches connected to boundary buses are included as new equations, resulting in a solvable non-redundant set of algebraic equations. The impact of these modifications on the power flow solution via Newton-Raphson's method is also discussed. The proposed approach provides an efficient tool to perform power flow analysis on T&D systems, where DFs are explicitly represented, allowing an accurate determination of their impact onto the transmission operation. In addition, meshed topologies can be easily handled by means of the proposed approach, and simulation results conducted on an illustrative test-system are shown in the paper. Distinct operational conditions between T&D parts of the test-system allow both the evaluation of the features and the performance of the proposed approach.
PRESERVATION OF STORED BLOOD WITH SULFANILAMIDE

Blood transfusion in recent years has become an increasingly important and simplified procedure in most well organized hospitals. The establishment of blood banks and the storing of blood have facilitated the use of this valuable therapeutic agent. The usual technic employed in the United States is that of the Cook County Hospital, 1 consisting of the addition of 0.35 Gm. of chemically pure sodium citrate in physiologic solution of sodium chloride to each hundred cubic centimeters of blood. This gives an adequate amount of sodium citrate for the prevention of coagulation, and after sterility and typing tests and serologic tests for syphilis the blood is available for transfusion forabout ten days or more. Standardized serologic tests for typing and for the detection of syphilis give satisfactory results when carefully done. However, sterility tests on stored blood not only are technically hazardous to carry out but also give results difficult to
Letter: Performance of support-vector-machine-based classification on 15 systematic review topics evaluated with the WSS@95 measure

In the July 2010 issue of JAMIA, Matwin et al published an article entitled ‘A new algorithm for reducing the workload of experts in performing systematic reviews. ’1 Briefly, the work proposes a factorized variant of the complement Naive Bayes classifier as an improvement, using weight engineering on the features (FCNB/WE). The prior work of Cohen et al in this area is cited, and the data set made public along with this prior work is used for the evaluation.2 The Matwin et al article compares the authors' proposed system against the early Cohen et al published voting perceptron (VP) classifier results, using the ‘work saved over sampling at 95% recall’ (WSS@95) measure proposed in that paper. However, the article notes that WSS@95 …
Hereditary thrombophilia in an unselected cohort of venous thrombosis patients in Singapore

Aim Hereditary thrombophilic markers are commonly screened among patients diagnosed as having venous thromboembolism, but optimal patient selection and the goals of screening may differ between populations. Determining the patterns of hereditary thrombophilia may improve screening strategies. Method An unselected cohort of venous thromboembolism patients in three tertiary institutions in Singapore was prospectively tested for the prevalence of deficiencies of protein C, protein S, antithrombin III, factor V Leiden and prothrombin 20210 gene mutations. Results Among 384 patients screened, the prevalences of protein S, protein C and antithrombin III were 9.20%, 1.18% and 4.19% respectively. Only one patient was positive for the factor V Leiden mutation and none tested positive for the prothrombin 20210 gene mutation. At least 1 in 9 patients (11.52%, 95% CI 8.20 to 15.93) will test positive for one of the above markers in an unselected group of 269 patients who completed all tests. The exclusion of patients with clinical risk factors did not improve the detection rates, in comparison with those with obvious provoking clinical risk factors (11.72%, 95% CI 7.36 to 18.06 vs 11.29%, 95% CI 6.73 to 18.18). When upper age limits were set for thrombophilia screening by decades, a statistical difference in the likelihood of a positive thrombophilia screen between younger and older patient was seen for patients below 40 (p<0.001). Conclusion In Singapore and countries with similar demographics, hereditary thrombophilia screening should be confined to testing for protein C, protein S and antithrombin III.
Expression of cyclin-dependent kinase 2-associated protein 1 confers an independent prognosticator in nasopharyngeal carcinoma: a cohort study

Background and aim Low expression of cyclin-dependent kinase 2-associated protein (CDK2AP1) is associated with tumour progression in oral and oesophageal carcinomas, but is not well studied in patients with head and neck cancer and nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC). Methods A rabbit anti-human CDK2AP1 polyclonal antibody was prepared. Immunoblotting of CDK2AP1 was examined in three cell lines and immunoexpression was retrospectively assessed in biopsies of 124 consecutive NPC patients without initial distant metastasis and treated with consistent guidelines. Results Higher CDK2AP1 expression level was identified in dysplastic oral keratinocytes, compared with two NPC-derived HONE-1 and TW01 cell lines. Low expression of CDK2AP1 (50.8%) was correlated with advanced nodal status (p=0.002) and American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC) stage (p=0.004). In multivariate analyses, low CDK2AP1 expression emerged as an independent prognosticator for worse disease-specific survival (DSS; p=0.037) and local recurrence-free survival (LRFS; p=0.042), along with AJCC stage III–IV (p=0.034, DSS; p=0.029, LRFS). Conclusions Low CDK2AP1 expression is common and associated with adverse prognosticators, conferring tumour aggressiveness through cycle cycle, cell growth or apoptosis cellular processes.
Novel Changes in β2-Microglobulin in Dialysis Patients

The word dialysis (the separation of soluble substances from colloids and their removal through a semipermeable membrane down a concentration gradient) was coined by Thomas Graham in 1861, in Glasgow, Scotland. It was not, however, until the first success with dialysis in kidney failure, by Kolff in Kampen, Holland, in 1945, and the invention, in Seattle, WA, in 1960, of the Scribner shunt for access to the circulation that modern hemodialysis as we know it became practical. Both Kolff and Scribner received the Albert Lasker Award for Clinical Medical Research in 2002 for their breakthrough concepts. Currently, more than 1 million patients worldwide undergo either hemodialysis (the vast majority) or peritoneal dialysis to maintain life(1). During dialysis, small molecules are removed by the process of diffusion, but removal of larger molecules is dependent on convective transport, which necessitates ultrafiltration to improve “solvent drag” of larger substances along with the ultrafiltered fluid(2). Traditional uremic toxins, such as urea, creatinine, sodium, potassium, and water, were the early focus of nephrologists, but it became clear that other larger molecules, theoretically “middle molecules” around 1.5 kDa, were as important in promoting morbidity if the patient was not dialyzed for a protracted period(2). The middle molecule hypothesis was popular in the 1970s but has been largely superseded by the demonstration that even larger molecules, the low–molecular-mass proteins from 5 to …
Adenocarcinoma of gallbladder: an immunohistochemical profile and comparison with cholangiocarcinoma

Aim Cholangiocarcinomas display intestinal and pyloric gland metaplasia-cell phenotypes. Those that arise in chronically inflamed (fluke infested) bile ducts more frequently express the intestinal metaplasia-cell phenotype and p53 than sporadic cholangiocarcinomas. We wished to determine if adenocarcinomas of the gallbladder display a similar profile. Methods Adenocarcinoma, adenoma, and dysplastic and metaplastic epithelia were studied in 55 gallbladders. Serial paraffin sections were stained for five foregut antigens characteristically present in pyloric gland metaplasia, three intestinal-specific antigens and p53. Antigen expression was compared with that shown by 65 fluke-associated and 47 sporadic cholangiocarcinomas. Results Pyloric gland metaplasia in gallbladders with chronic cholecystitis invariably displayed the five foregut antigens. The frequency of expression of these five antigens by the gallbladder cancers and cholangiocarcinomas did not differ significantly. An intestinal goblet-cell marker and p53 were more frequently expressed by gallbladder carcinoma (59% and 45%, respectively) and fluke-associated cholangiocarcinoma (45% and 46%) than by sporadic cholangiocarcinoma (17% and 23%). K20 was more frequently expressed by gallbladder carcinoma (52%) than either fluke-associated (21%) or sporadic (17%) cholangiocarcinoma. Dysplastic epithelium and adenomas also displayed the pyloric gland and intestinal metaplasia-cell phenotypes. Cells staining for pyloric gland metaplasia-cell phenotypes were distinct from the intestinal metaplasia-cell phenotypes when present together in a gallbladder carcinoma, cholangiocarcinoma, dysplastic epithelium or adenoma. Conclusions Adenocarcinomas of gallbladder generally arise from a foregut cell lineage via a metaplasia-dysplasia-carcinoma sequence. A background of chronic inflammation increases the frequency of expression of an intestinal goblet-cell phenotype and p53 in the cancers.
Tumor fibroso solitário do rim: descrição de caso

Apresentamos um caso de tumor renal num paciente de 27 anos de idade, que foi submetido a estudo de imagem por tomografia computadorizada e ressonância magnetica. As caracteristicas radiologicas da massa induziam para um diagnostico de tumor renal maligno de origem intraparanquimatosa. No entanto, o estudo histopatologico revelou tumor fibroso solitario benigno originario da pelve e porcao calicial do rim direito.
A low power injection-locked divider for body sensor network

This paper presents a low power 866 MHz injection-locked frequency divider (ILFD) based on UMC 0.18 μm CMOS process. Unlike high-cost off-chip inductor ILFD, on-chip spiral inductor and MOS varactor are used. The ILFD is based on dual cross-coupled LC voltage controlled oscillator (VCO) with direct injection for tail transistor. Compared to NMOS/PMOS-only oscillators, cross-coupled VCO enables low-power operation by doubling transconductance, the supply voltage of cross-coupled VCO can be also as low as 0.6 V. It is about 0.6 mW (without output buffers) under supply voltage of 0.8 V. When the injected input signal power is 0 dBm, direct ILFD features a wide locking range of 100 MHz. The ILFD still has a locking range of 10 MHz when the injected input signal power is -10 dBm. It can be used as the driver stage of power amplifier in transmitter systems for body sensor network.
Lasers and laser‐like devices: Part two

Part two of this review series evaluates the use of lasers and laser‐like devices in dermatology based on published evidence and the collective experience of the senior authors. Dermatologists can laser‐treat a wide range of dermatoses, including vascular, pigmentary, textural, benign proliferative and premalignant conditions. Some of these conditions include vascular malformation, haemangioma, facial telangiectases, café‐au‐lait macules, naevi of Ota, lentigines, acne scarring, rhytides, rhinophyma and miscellaneous skin lesions. Photodynamic therapy with lasers and intense pulsed light is addressed, with particular reference to actinic keratosis and actinic cheilitis. A treatment algorithm for acne scarring based on scar morphology and severity is comprehensively outlined. Following from part one, the various devices are matched to the corresponding dermatological conditions with representative pictorial case vignettes illustrating likely clinical outcomes as well as limitations and potential complications of the various laser and light therapies.
Serum free light chains in patients with HIV infection: their association with markers of disease severity and antiretroviral use

Aim Serum free light chain measurements are used to follow-up and manage patients with monoclonal gammopathies, and abnormal ratios are associated with risk of progression in certain diseases. B cell dysfunction is well described in HIV and patients are at risk of developing B cell lymphomas. This study investigated whether HIV is associated with abnormal free light chain levels and the impact of antiretroviral treatment (ART) on these. Methods κ And λ free light chain concentrations and ratios, serum albumin and immunoglobulin G (IgG) were measured in 366 HIV positive subjects and correlated with CD4+ counts, viral loads, IgG, albumin and ART use. Results 66% were women and most were black Africans (66%), 26% were of mixed ethnicity and 8% were Caucasian or of unknown or other race. 89% were on ART. κ Free light chain values ranged from 5.59 to 357.0 mg/L (median 19.6 mg/L) and λ free light chain values ranged from 9.28 to 286 mg/L (median 22.3 mg/L). Both correlated positively with viral load and IgG and negatively with CD4+ counts and albumin concentrations. The ratio only correlated with IgG concentrations. Patients on ART had significantly lower free light chain concentrations, but the ratio was not significantly affected. Conclusions This study demonstrated that free light chain concentrations were significantly correlated with markers of HIV disease severity, suggesting ongoing B cell dysfunction despite ART use. Free light chain ratio was not significantly affected.
A Computable Visual Attention Model for Video Skimming

A novel computable visual attention model (VAM) for video skimming algorithm is proposed. Videos bear more motion features than images do. Objects in videos cause different attention effects, depending on various situations, positions, motions, and appearances. The static visual attention model is based on spatial distribution, visual object, or both, but fall short in solving temporal attention effects. The proposed VAM model adopts the alive-time(AT) of a visual object as a new descriptor to improve the accuracy of locating highlight in a video clip, then produces better video skimming results. The model is represented by a set of descriptors to be computable and provide a generic framework for video analysis. The temporal variations of attention value in a video clip are weighted by non-linear Chi-square distribution. Then the highlights of the frames in the video are represented by the attention window (AW) and the attention values of the visual objects (AOs) are tracked and used to generate the attention curve of the video. At last, a video skimming strategy is used to select the highlights of the video by analyzing the attention curve. The experiment result shows that the proposed model makes the skimming results 15%~25% shorter than previous methods.
The effectiveness of orthopaedic triage by extended scope physiotherapists

Improving the management of the orthopaedic patient has long been a top priority in healthcare provision in the UK. For the past two decades, successive governments have funded a plethora of “waiting list initiatives” in order to reduce waiting times for both in and outpatients. In recent years, extended scope physiotherapists (ESPs) have become increasingly involved in making clinical management decisions for all orthopaedic patients – a process known as “triaging”. Their effectiveness in this triaging role remains largely untested despite having far reaching implications in terms of service delivery, professional recognition and patient satisfaction. The study is cross‐sectional in design using a survey to retrieve archival outcome data from hospital case notes of patients referred by ESPs for consultant management. The time‐framed sample yielded 170 subjects with a wide range of disorders distributed across all anatomical regions. The data was categorised so that effectiveness could be measured by judging the specificity and appropriateness of referral. Results and the possibility of developing the ESP role to include access to additional investigations and surgical listing are discussed.
The contribution of Treatiseon Febrile Diseases and midcellaneous diseases(伤寒杂病论) to the theory of spleen and stomach

Objective : The main topic of this study is how the contribution of Treatiseon Febrile Diseases and midcellaneous diseases written by Zhang Zhongjing(张仲景) to the theory of spleen and stomach has been. Method : Analysis of formula in Treatiseon Febrile Diseases and midcellaneous diseases with theoretical and historical perspectives is the main method of the study. Result : The theory of spleen and stomach，which is formed in the long term medical practice, is the important component theory of traditional Chinese medicine. Zhang Zhongjing made a great contribution to the theory of spleen and stomach from disease prevention, the contraindication, drug usage, aftercare and so on in Treatiseon Febrile Diseases and midcellaneous diseases, which fully shows the academic ideals of strengthening spleen and stomach. Conclusion : Helping to study Treatiseon Febrile Diseases and midcellaneous diseases and understand the thought of Zhang Zhongjing, and gives reference to the theory of spleen and stomach` research in Treatiseon Febrile Diseases and midcellaneous diseases.
Personalized Music Emotion Recognition Using Electroencephalography (EEG)

Emotion recognition of music objects is one of the promising research issues in the field of music information retrieval. Usually, music emotion recognition could be considered as a training/classification problem. However, even if we have a benchmark (a training data with ground truth) and employ effective classification algorithms, music emotion recognition remains a challenging problem. Based on our literature review, most of previous work only focuses on music acoustic content without considering the individual difference (i.e., Personalization issue). In addition, the assessment of emotions are usually self-reported. Such kind of self-reported assessment (e.g., Emotion tags) might be inaccurate, and even inconsistent. The electroencephalography (EEG) is a non-invasive brain-machine interface, which utilizes neurophysiological signals from the brain to external machines without surgery. The less-intrusive EEG signals, captured from the central nervous system, have been utilized for exploring emotions. In this paper, we would like to propose an evidence-based and personalized model for music emotion recognition. In the model construction and training phase, we construct two predictive and generic models (both models are trained by artificial neural network). With having the generic model and the corresponding individual difference, we construct the personalized model H by the projective transformation accordingly. In the testing phase, given a music object, we extract features from music audio content, calculate the vector in the arousal-valence emotion space, and apply the transformation matrix H to determine the personalized emotion vector. To show the effectiveness of our approach, we also perform experiments and obtain promising results.
Effects of Prosthetic Training on Upper‐Extremity Prosthesis Use

A study was conducted to determine the benefits of prosthetic training for a person using an upper-extremity prosthesis. Ten individuals without amputations were randomly assigned to either a training or nontraining/control group. Since these individuals were not amputees, they were fitted with bilateral training prostheses.The training group was involved in a training program administered by the researcher in which the participants took advantage of various tools (blocks, paper, pencils, clothes and hangers) to learn how to use upper-extremity prostheses. The control group received the same tools and performed the same activities as the training group, but members were not trained in the same manner as those in the first group.Subjects were involved in four sessions of approximately two hours each. Pre- and post-tests determined the progress of the subjects. In addition, all subjects were required to complete four additional tasks to determine if the groups would apply what was practiced in the sessions.The University of New Brunswick Test for Prosthetic Function was adapted for assessment of prosthesis use. Statistical analysis was accomplished through the use of the Mann-Whitney U Test (Wilcoxon Rank Sum Test). The individuals who received training performed tasks in a skillful, efficient manner, exceeding the performances of the untrained group.
Prevalence of Lactobacillus plantarum and Oenococcus oeni during spontaneous malolactic fermentation in Patagonian red wines revealed by polymerase chain reaction-denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis with two targeted genes

Background and Aims Information regarding the composition and dynamics of microbial communities throughout winemaking is always valuable to control the process and contributes to improving the quality of wine. The aims of this work were to analyse the diversity of lactic acid bacteria (LAB) species present during the spontaneous malolactic fermentation (MLF) of Patagonian red wines, and to isolate and identify native LAB species. Methods and Results Samples of Merlot and Pinot Noir wines were collected during three vintages at one commercial cellar. Through polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-rpoB/denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE), it was possible to identify 15 LAB species and through PCR-16S rRNA V3 region/DGGE, 11 LAB species, during spontaneous MLF of these wines, mostly, Oenococcus oeni and Lactobacillus plantarum. These two species were also largely recovered by culture and analysed by the random amplified polymorphic DNA–PCR technique. Isolates of these two LAB species exhibited considerable genotypic heterogeneity. Conclusions The prevalence of O. oeni and Lb. plantarum in all samples suggests that both species are involved in leading the spontaneous MLF of these Patagonian wines. The analysis of the LAB microbiota in wine by PCR-DGGE using two gene regions enabled addition to the number of species that can usually be detected during MLF. Significance of the Study The study offered a more complete knowledge of the LAB community present in wines in a cellar in the Argentine Patagonia during the spontaneous MLF. Our findings are particularly relevant, because they contribute to the possibility of designing an MLF starter composed of native strains of Lb. plantarum and O. oeni.