Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Processing Syntax and Morphology: A Neurocognitive Perspective

1. Introduction 2. Methodological Prerequisites PART I: SYNTAX AND MORPHOLOGY AT THE WORD LEVEL 3. Basic Categories: The Noun-Verb Distinction 4. Inflectional Morphology 5. Derivational Morphology 6. Syntax and Morphology at the Word Level: Summary and Critical Evaluation PART II: SYNTAX AND MORPHOLOGY IN SENTENCE PROCESSING 7. Mapping Form Onto Meaning: The Requirements for a Sentence Processor 8. Constituent Order 9. Relational Structure 10. The Processing of Complex Structures 11. The Processing of Modifiers 12. On The Functional Interpretation of late Positive ERP Effects in Language Processing PART III: PROCESSING SYNTAX AND MORPHOLOGY AT THE INTERFACES 13. The Influence of Prosody 14. Information Structure PART IV: NEUROCOGNITIVE MODELS OF SYNTACTIC AND MORPHOLOGICAL PROCESSING 15. Neurocognitive Models of Language Comprehension 16. Future Directions References Index of Subjects Index of Authors
A Kinetic Comparison between Laboratory and Industrial Scales in the Copper Blowing Process

An experimental investigation into the oxidation kinetics of molten sulfide has been conducted at laboratory scale to provide information concerning the influence of the gas feed (flow and oxygen pressure) and melt temperature on the desulfurization rate. Data showed that the reaction rate was strongly dependent on the gas flow rate and significantly from oxygen pressure, whereas the influence of temperature was negligible. The variation of the sulfur conversion with the operation time was similar to that found in industrial trials when “white metal” was blown to blister copper in a Peirce-Smith converter. A unique equation for both scales could be established. This correlation made it possible to calculate the operation time in the converter at different gas flow rates and oxygen enrichments.
Microsporogenesis and male gametogenesis in Musella (Musaceae), a monotypic genus from Yunnan, China

Microsporogenesis and male gametogenesis of Musella (Musaceae), a monotypic genus endemic to Yunnan, China, are described for the first time. The anthers are tetrasporangiate. The formation of the anther wall is of the basic type. The mature anther wall consists of an epidermis, an endothecium, many middle layers and a two-layered glandular tapetum with uninucleate cells. The old anther wall consists of an epidermis with annular and helical thickenings and reduced endothecium. Successive cytokinesis follows meiosis of the microspore mother cell thence forming a T-shaped or isobilateral tetrad of microspores. Pollen grains are 2-celled. The generative cell nucleus is clavate in shape. Some special features and relationships between anther structure and pollinator type are discussed.
Determination of the hydraulic properties of a multilayered aquifer from pumping test data using genetic algorithms

A new approach to parameter determination methodology is presented which estimates soil hydraulic properties and aquifer thickness from pumping test data with the aid of genetic algorithms (GA) incorporating finite element analysis. GA are search algorithms based on the mechanics of natural selection and natural genetics, which combine an artificial survival of the fittest with genetic operators abstracted from nature. The advantages of our proposed method are the possibility of identifying the optimal hydraulic properties and geological formations of aquifers. Pumping test data measured under multilayered conditions were used to evaluate our proposed method.
Luminescent and geometric concentrators for building integrated photovoltaics

In developed countries 60% of the electricity consumed is attributable to commercial and public buildings. Even in the UK, the solar energy incident on buildings is more than 7× the electrical energy they consume. This represents a problem (the management of solar heat gain and glare) but also an opportunity that may be taken advantage of using complementary concentrator technologies. We are investigating conventional geometric and luminescent concentrators that may be combined to optimally harvest the direct and diffuse components of sunlight within a double glazed window unit. Initial results suggest that the combined system can achieve power conversion efficiencies approaching 20% under standard AM1.5g illumination at normal incidence.
The Importance of Profitability in Determining Volatility Across Industries with Different Debt Levels

This paper seeks to investigate the relationship between debt and volatility. No consensus currently exists on the effects of financial leverage on stock volatility. With the increased use of complex financial derivatives in recent decades, the importance of understanding the factors that influence volatility has become extremely important. By looking at a cross-section of industries, this paper demonstrates how the importance of profitability for explaining volatility changes depending on industry debt levels, which are endogenous and depend on industry characteristics.
A robust lane geometry estimation and tracking approach for driver alert using color and texture segmentation.

Real time and accurate lane detection under a wide range of conditions is a critical task in autonomous vehicle guidance and warning driver assistance systems. Most vision-based approaches rely on the analysis of the spacial gradient of the road image. A disadvantage of the edge-based approaches is that if the road structure is not regular and well delimited edges may not be easy to extract and other features must be taken into account. In this work, we evaluate the use of color and textural features to improve the standard gradient-based lane detection and its application as a lane departure detection system. Textural features are obtained using a bank of Gabor Filters and Gauss Markov Random Fields (GMRF), color-based detection use the mean-shift algorithm to cluster large uniform areas. The results from testing the approaches on city roads show that the color and texture analysis can improve the accuracy of road segmentation and lane departure detection.
Adenocarcinoma de endométrio : epidemiologia, tratamento e sobrevida de pacientes atendidas no Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre

Introducao: Neste estudo, descreve-se o perfil clinico das pacientes e as caracteristicas histopatologicas dos carcinomas de endometrio tratados no setor de Oncologia Genital do Hospital de Clinicas de Porto Alegre (HCPA), assim como as formas de tratamento, fatores prognosticos e sobrevida. Metodos: Estudo de coorte historica incluindo todas as pacientes submetidas a tratamento cirurgico primario entre 1996 a 2012. Apos revisao de prontuarios medicos, foram analisadas as variaveis idade, status hormonal, tipo histologico e grau tumoral, invasao miometrial, estadiamento cirurgico, cirurgia realizada, tratamento complementar e sobrevida. Resultados: Cento e sessenta e quatro pacientes foram incluidas no estudo, com idade media de 64,2 anos (31-95 anos), sendo quase 90% delas pos-menopausicas. O tempo de seguimento variou de 4 dias a 14,6 anos. O tipo histologico endometrioide foi o mais encontrado (78% dos casos). A histerectomia com salpingo-ooforectomia bilateral com linfadenectomia pelvica foi a cirurgia mais realizada (77,5%). Tratamento complementar foi realizado em 57,9% das pacientes, sendo a radioterapia o tratamento de escolha em 87,4% deles. Ocorreram 36 obitos (22%) durante o seguimento, com uma sobrevida media global de 125 meses. Em analise bivariada, idade ≥ 65 anos, tipo histologico nao endometrioide, tumores pouco diferenciados (G3), invasao miometrial ≥ 50% e metastase linfonodal relacionaram-se significativamente a um menor tempo de sobrevida. Em analise multivariada, a histologia nao endometrioide estadio III e IV, e a presenca de comprometimento linfonodal foram significativamente associados ao obito. Conclusao: Os resultados encontrados sao compativeis com a literatura existente e vem em acrescimo a escassa estatistica nacional.
Readibility: Examining its Usefulness in the Field of Controlled Language

This article is based on a survey of text-user attitudes. The survey aimed to discover: whether the concept of readability has merit in the field of controlled language; and whether readability is increased by applying controlledlanguage rules to a sample of technical texts. The article attempts to provide much-needed empirical data to a neglected area of controlled-language research, and to examine the concept of readability that appears to be misunderstood, undervalued and misused. In particular, the paper examines issues concerning reader preference, the predictability of readability formulas, and the variables that impact on readability as a whole. Moreover, though the participant samples in the study were too small to be generalised to larger populations, the trends identified here indicate useful directions for future research.
Work, language and perspective: an empirical investigation of the interpretation of a computer-based information system

On the basis of empirical material, this paper will demonstrate how different perspectives on work can be pointed out and described, and how concept spheres can change when different work languages are brought together. In a process of systems development, various professions take part. Some professions have the purpose of describing and organizing the work, other professions have the purpose of performing the work. There is an important linguistic difference in perspective between those two purposes. The language of instructors and coordinators is general and normative, the language of workers is specific and descriptive. When a computer system is introduced, terms and concepts from different work languages are introduced and it is difficult to predict what the linguistic changes will be. It inevitably leads to the alteration of old concept spheres and the emergence of new ones, but the result is not always what was expected by the designers. A well intended linguistic design is sometimes accepted and sometimes rejected by the users. This fact might be explained as a result of merging or contradicting perspectives.
Coherent manipulation of atoms using partially overlapping laser pulses-Final report

The goal of the project was to consider the application of partially overlapping pulses for the coherent manipulation of atoms in various settings. An interesting class of results were discovered recently, where it was shown that a pair of overlapping laser pulses, one member of which arrives with a distinct time delay, can induce multiphoton adiabatic passage processes [1, 2, 3]. In these processes changes in the internal state of the atoms are accompanied by multiple photon exchanges between the driving fields. This makes it possible for the atoms to, for example, receive 2Nh̄k mechanical momentum from the fields in a single interaction and be returned to the ground state at the end. (N is the order of the process, N = 1 is the usual interaction with separated pulses where a single photon is absorbed from one field and emitted into the other.) The primary aim of the project was to explore the possibility of realizing and applying such multiphoton processes under various circumstances.
TiO 2 Nanoparticles Induced Genotoxicity in Cultured Cells Using Atmospheric Scanning Electron Microscopy (ASEM)

Nano-sized titanium oxide nanoparticles (TiO2 NPs) are widely used as a dye in food and cosmetics. TiO2 NPs are known to induce DNA damage when incorporated into cells. However, no bioassay is currently available to easily determine the cell incorporation of TiO2 NPs or related DNA damage, and to date, few studies have examined the different degrees of incorporation into cells according to the size of the TiO2 NPs particles and the presence or absence of cell specificity regarding DNA damage. This present study was therefore designed to examine COS7 cells that had incorporated TiO2 NPs using atmospheric scanning electron microscopy (ASEM). The results indicated that absorption of TiO2 NPs into cells and nuclear abnormalities had occurred. ASEM is a rapid and simple technique that enables the observation of samples immediately after fixation with glutaraldehyde and staining with phosphotungstic acid, and this method was suggested to be useful in screening for DNA damage.
Hepatoprotective Effect of Ethanolic Leaf Extract of Vernonia amygdalina and Azadirachta indica against Acetaminophen-Induced Hepatotoxicity inSprague-Dawley Male Albino Rats

Acetaminophen (paracetamol) is a commonly and widely used analgesic and antipyretic agent, but at high dose it leads to undesirable side effects, such as hepatotoxicity. The study investigate the hepatoprotective effect of ethanolic leaf extract of Vernonia amygdalina and ethanolic leaf extract of Azadirachta indica against acetaminophen-induced hepatotoxicity in Sprague -Dawley male albino rats. Male albino rats were randomly divided into six groups each consisting of five albino rats. Group A rats served as the normal control and were given water daily for a period of 14 days. Hepatotoxicity was induced in-vivo to all animals of Groups B, C, D, E, and F orally by administering 2g /kg body weight of paracetamol once a day for a period of 14 days. Group C, D, E and F were orally administered silymarin (100 mg/kg B.W), Vitamin C (100 mg/kg B.W), ethanolic leaf extract of V. amygdalina (300 mg/kg B.W) and A. indica (300 mg/kg B.W) respectively daily for a period of 14 days. Group B animals served as the paracetamol control and they were not treated. The result of this study shows that animals treated with silymarin, V. amygdalina and A. indica extracts significantly (P<0.05) have reduced WBC count compared to paracetamol control group. HGB, RBC and HCT values in all the groups administered with silymarin, Vitamin C, V. amygdalina and A. indica extracts were significantly (P<0.05) increased when compared to the paracetamol- intoxicated animals without treatment. Oral administration of acetaminophen caused marked liver damage as noted by the significant increased (P<0.05) in activities of plasma AST, ALT, ALP and GGT as well as the level of cholesterol, triglyceride and a reduction in plasma total protein. The drug also resulted to a significant increase (P<0.05) in liver MDA content, decrease in liver GSH content, decrease in SOD and CAT activities. Treatment with silymarin, Vitamin C, V. amygdalina and A. indica extracts showed effective hepatoprotective effect as evidence in the decrease in the plasma levels of liver biomarker enzymes and reduction in oxidative stress parameters. Histopathological evaluation of the liver architecture also revealed that all the treated animals have reduced the incidence of paracetamol- induced liver lesions.
Accompagnement en fin de vie et solidarité

L’intervention des benevoles en milieu palliatif est percue comme une realite familiere. Leur presence aupres des patients exprimerait ainsi une forme de solidarite. Quelle est toutefois la teneur de cette solidarite ? Sur quelles bases relationnelles repose-t-elle ? C’est a ces deux questions que tente de repondre cet article.
Enhancing tagging performance by combining knowledge sources

The topic of this paper is an ongoing effort to exploit combinations of existing natural language processing (NLP) resources in order to reach part-of-speech (POS) tagging performance in excess of that which any single resource is able to provide. The context of the effort is the ETAP project, a parallel translation corpus project funded by the Bank of Sweden Tercentenary Foundation. The aim of the project is to create an annotated and aligned multilingual translation corpus which will be used as the basis for the development of methods and tools for the automatic extraction of translation equivalents for applications such as machine translation systems. To this end, we are investigating to which extent it is possible to reuse existing – meaning either developed in our department in some other context, or freely available on the WWW – NLP resources for the task of tagging the languages of the project. As a general rule, we may say that the amount of such resources is growing quite fast at the present time. On the other hand, their availability is highly dependent on the language, from almost unlimited numbers for English,
Identification of Superior Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms (SNP) Combinations Related to Economic Traits by Genotype Matrix Mapping (GMM) in Hanwoo (Korean Cattle)

ABSTRACT : It is important to identify genetic interactions related to human diseases or animal traits. Many linear statistical modelshave been reported but they did not consider genetic interactions. Genotype matrix mapping (GMM) has been developed to identify genetic interactions. This study uses the GMM method to detect superior SNP combinations of the CCDC158 gene that influences average daily gain, marbling score, cold carcass weight and longissimus muscle dorsi area traits in Hanwoo. We evaluated the statistical significance of the major SNP combinations selected by implementing the permutation test of the F-measure. The effect of g.34425+102 A>T (AA), g.8778G>A (GG) and g.4102+36T>G (GT) SNP combinations produced higher performance of average daily gain, marbling score, cold carcass weight and the longissimus muscle dorsi area traits than the effect of a single SNP. GMM is a fast and reliable method for multiple SNP analysis with potential application in marker-assisted selection. GMM may prospectively be used for genetic assessment of quantitative traits after further development. (
Low-complexity Inverse Square Root Approximation for Baseband Matrix Operations

Baseband functions like channel estimation and symbol detection of sophisticated telecommunications systems require matrix operations, which apply highly nonlinear operations like division or square root. In this paper, a scalable low-complexity approximation method of the inverse square root is developed and applied in Cholesky and QR decompositions. Computation is derived by exploiting the binary representation of the fixedpoint numbers and by substituting the highly nonlinear inverse square root operation with a more implementation appropriate function. Low complexity is obtained since the proposed method does not use large multipliers or look-up tables (LUT). Due to the scalability, the approximation accuracy can be adjusted according to the targeted application. The method is applied also as an accelerating unit of an application-specific instruction-set processor (ASIP) and as a software routine of a conventional DSP. As a result, the method can accelerate any fixed-point system where cost-efficiency and low power consumption are of high importance, and coarse approximation of inverse square root operation is required.
Is Arthropod Biodiversity on the Rainforest Floor Threatened by Rubber and Palm-Oil Plantations?

Tropical rainforests are a particularly threatened type of ecosystem because humans are converting rainforests into farmland. On Sumatra, the world’s sixth largest island, most of the tropical rainforest that once covered the island has been turned into plantations for rubber trees and oil palms. Rubber and palm oil, the agricultural products produced from such plantations, are an important source of income for the local farmers. Unfortunately, replacing rainforests with plantations reduces the number of arthropods, like insects and spiders that would normally live in the rainforests. This can have negative effects on ecosystem functions that are normally carried out by these arthropods, such as the decomposition of dead organic matter or the control of crop pests. We went to Sumatra to find out what happens to communities of ground-living arthropods, a diverse and ubiquitous group of animals important for the functioning of ecosystems, when rainforest is turned into plantations. YOUNG REVIEWER:
Strategies for Enhancing and Preserving Anti-leukemia Effects Without Aggravating Graft-Versus-Host Disease

Allogeneic stem cell transplantation (allo-SCT) is a curable method for the treatment of hematological malignancies. In the past two decades, the establishment of haploidentical transplant modalities make “everyone has a donor” become a reality. However, graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) and relapse remain the major two causes of death either in the human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-matched transplant or haploidentical transplant settings, both of which restrict the improvement of transplant outcomes. Preclinical mice model showed that both donor-derived T cells and natural killer (NK) cells play important role in the pathogenesis of GVHD and the effects of graft-versus-leukemia (GVL). Hence, understanding the immune mechanisms of GVHD and GVL would provide potential strategies for the control of leukemia relapse without aggravating GVHD. The purpose of the current review is to summarize the biology of GVHD and GVL responses in preclinical models and to discuss potential novel therapeutic strategies to reduce the relapse rate after allo-SCT. We will also review the approaches, including optimal donor selection and, conditioning regimens, donor lymphocyte infusion, BCR/ABL-specific CTL, and chimeric antigen receptor-modified T cells, which have been successfully used in the clinic to enhance and preserve anti-leukemia activity, especially GVL effects, without aggravating GVHD or alleviate GVHD.
Computational Understanding of the Selectivities in Metalloenzymes

Metalloenzymes catalyze many different types of biological reactions with high efficiency and remarkable selectivity. The quantum chemical cluster approach and the combined quantum mechanics/molecular mechanics methods have proven very successful in the elucidation of the reaction mechanism and rationalization of selectivities in enzymes. In this review, recent progress in the computational understanding of various selectivities including chemoselectivity, regioselectivity, and stereoselectivity, in metalloenzymes, is discussed.
Secondary Wall Regulating NACs Differentially Bind at the Promoter at a CELLULOSE SYNTHASE A4 Cis-eQTL

Arabidopsis thaliana CELLULOSE SYNTHASE A4/7/8 (CESA4/7/8) are three non-redundant subunits of the secondary cell wall cellulose synthase complex. Transcript abundance of these genes can vary among genotypes and expression quantitative trait loci (eQTL) were identified in a recombinant population of the accessions Bay-0 and Shahdara. Genetic mapping and analysis of the transcript levels of CESAs between two distinct near isogenic lines (NILs) confirmed a change in CESA4 expression that segregates within that interval. We sequenced the promoters and identified 16 polymorphisms differentiating CESA4Sha and CESA4Bay. In order to determine which of these SNPs could be responsible for this eQTL, we screened for transcription factor protein affinity with promoter fragments of CESA4Bay, CESA4Sha, and the reference genome CESA4Col. The wall thickening activator proteins NAC SECONDARY WALL THICKENING PROMOTING FACTOR2 (NST2) and NST3 exhibited a decrease in binding with the CESA4Sha promoter with a tracheary element-regulating cis-element (TERE) polymorphism. While NILs harboring the TERE polymorphisms exhibited significantly different CESA4 expression, cellulose crystallinity and cell wall thickness were indistinguishable. These results suggest that the TERE polymorphism resulted in differential transcription factor binding and CESA4 expression; yet A. thaliana is able to tolerate this transcriptional variability without compromising the structural elements of the plant, providing insight into the elasticity of gene regulation as it pertains to cell wall biosynthesis and regulation. We also explored available DNA affinity purification sequencing data to resolve a core binding site, C(G/T)TNNNNNNNA(A/C)G, for secondary wall NACs referred to as the VNS element.