Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Ekstrak Teh Putih (Camellia sinensis) Oral Mencegah Dislipidemia pada Tikus (Rattus novergicus) Jantan Galur Wistar yang Diberi Diet Tinggi Lemak

Dislipidemia adalah kelainan metabolisme lipid yang ditandai terjadinya peningkatan kolesterol total, trigliserida, kolesterol LDL dan penurunan kolesterol HDL. Pada saat ini banyak penelitian untuk mencegah dan mengobati dislipidemia dengan bahan alami. Teh putih merupakan teh tanpa proses fermentasi yang berasal dari daun teh (camellia sinensis) yang sangat muda dan masih menggulung serta terlindung dari sinar matahari sehingga mencegah degradasi polifenol. Ekstrak teh putih mengandung derivat katekin tertinggi dibanding teh lainnya , ECGC (Epigalocathecin 3-Gallate) dan kafein ini dapat memperbaiki profil lipid darah dan memiliki efek vasoprotektif, juga memiliki kemampuan untuk menginhibisi (Cholesteryl ester transfer protein) CETP, yang bisa meningkatkan kadar kolesterol HDL dan menurunkan kadar kolesterol total ,trigliserida dan kolesterol LDL. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kegunaan Ekstrak Teh Putih (camellia sinensis) sebagai alternatif untuk mencegah dislipidemia dan mengetahui dosis pemberian ekstrak teh putih untuk mencegah dislipidemia pada tikus jantan galur wistar. Penelitian ini adalah penelitian eksperimental murni dengan randomized posttest only control group design. Tikus putih jantan dipilih secara random dan dibagi menjadi 3 kelompok, masing-masing berjumlah 10 ekor tikus, yaitu kelompok kontrol diberikan diet tinggi lemak dan plasebo yang berupa akuades , kelompok perlakuan I diberi diet tinggi lemak dan ekstrak teh putih 14,4 mg, dan kelompok perlakuan II diberi diet tinggi lemak dan ekstrak teh putih 28,8 mg masing-masing 1 kali sehari. Setelah perlakuan selama 28 hari sampel darah diambil dari medial kantus sinus orbitalis, untuk pemeriksaan kadar kolesterol total, trigliserida, kolesterol LDL dan kolesterol HDL. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pada kelompok pemberian ekstrak teh putih 14,4 mg dan pemberian ekstrak teh putih 28,8 mg terdapat penurunan kolesterol total secara bermakna masing-masing 137,31% dan 156,65% (p < 0,05), penurunan trigliserida secara bermakna masing-masing 77,29% dan 101,01%(p < 0.05) dan penurunan kolesterol LDL masing-masing 53,58 % dan 75,12%(p < 0,05), serta peningkatan kolesterol HDL secara bermakna masing-masing 44,31% dan 66,39% (p < 0,05). Penelitian ini menyimpulkan ekstrak teh putih mencegah peningkatan kolesterol total, trigliserida, kolesterol LDL dan mencegah penurunan kolesterol HDL, jadi ekstrak teh putih mencegah dislipidemia.
Responses of Grapevines to Timing and Method of Leaf Removal

Several winegrapes grown in cool climates, including Vitis vinifera Cabernet Franc and Vitis sp. Chambourcin, benefit from crop reduction. The practice promotes timely fruit maturation and can improve fruit quality. Balanced pruning and cluster thinning are the cultural practices used to attain the desired crop load. However, crop reduction by cluster thinning is labor intensive, costly and typically not mechanized for winegrapes. In this study, the practice of early season leaf removal by hand and with a mechanized leaf remover is proposed as an alternate tool to reduce crop level, thereby optimizing crop load and fruit quality. The objectives were to determine the effects of the timing of leaf removal (pre-bloom, bloom, or fruitset) on yield components, crop load, fruit quality, and cold hardiness in Chambourcin and to 2) determine the effects of manual versus mechanical leaf removal at different phenological stages on yield components, growth, crop load, and fruit quality in Cabernet Franc. In Chambourcin, leaf removal at pre-bloom in 2010 and bloom in 2010 and 2011 reduced yield as compared to defoliation at fruitset and control (no removal). Early season leaf removal reduced crop load (Ravaz index) in both years. Defoliation at bloom increased bud lignification in both years and reduced bud injury in fall of 2010. Defoliation at pre-bloom reduced bud injury in winter in one of two years. In Cabernet Franc, manual leaf removal at pre-bloom and mechanical leaf removal at bloom reduced yield. Leaf removal had no negative effects on ii pH, titratable acidity, soluble solids, or total phenolics in either cultivar in either year. Early season leaf removal can be used to control yield without negatively impacting growth, cluster compactness, disease incidence, fruit composition, or lignification. It is concluded that early season leaf removal is a viable alternative to cluster thinning as a method of yield reduction in Chambourcin. Early season mechanical leaf removal is a viable alternative to manual leaf removal.
Synthesis of new fatty acid derivatives of oleanane and ursane triterpenoids and investigation of their in vitro cytotoxic effects on 3T3 fibroblast and PC3 prostate cancer cell linesLines

In this study, 12 new oleanane and ursane derivative triterpene compounds, having fatty acids in the form of esters with carbon numbers of 12, 13, 18, 19, 24 and 25, were synthesized starting from natural products oleanolic and ursolic acids. Initially, 3-methylerythrodiol (3β-methoxyolean-12-en-28-ol) and 3-methyluvaol (3β-methoxyurs12-en-28-ol) were synthesized from oleanolic acid and ursolic acid, respectively. For this purpose, secondary OH group at C-3 of oleanolic and ursolic acids were protected as methyl ether and, then, their carboxylic acid moieties were reduced by aluminum hydride. New fatty acid derivatives 5a-f and 8a-f were synthesized through the reaction of 3-methylerythrodiol/3-methyluvaol and corresponding fatty acid halides. In vitro cytotoxic activities of the all synthesized compounds were investigated on 3T3 fibroblast cells and PC3 prostate cancer cell lines. While all the compounds showed at least 70% inhibition on PC3 prostate cancer cells at a concentration of 25 μM, they had average of 50% inhibition on 3T3 fibroblast human healthy cells at the same concentration. Compounds 5c and 8c demonstrated the least toxic effect on 3T3 fibroblast human healthy cells and the highest toxic effect on PC3 prostate cancer cells at a concentration of 12.5 μM. Moreover, compounds 8c and 8e had the least toxic effect on 3T3 fibroblast human healthy cells and the highest toxic effect on PC3 prostate cancer cells at the same concentration.
Selection of Summer-to-autumn-flowering Small-flowered Spray-type Chrysanthemums for Fine Control of Flowering Using Light Culture

We developed a method to select summer-to-autumn-flowering small-flowered chrysanthemum cultivars suitable for the fine control of flowering using light culture. Budding under non-inductive night-break conditions was investigated from March to May. ‘Subaru’ and ‘Sei-chigusa’ showed no budding under night-break conditions during experimental periods. However, ‘Sei-shimanami’ showed a seasonal change in budding under night-break conditions, being late in March and very early in May. This indicated that premature budding under night-break conditions may occur more in late summer to autumn than in early summer. Therefore, we selected summer-to-autumn-flowering small-flowered chrysanthemum cultivars whose flower initiation is inhibited by night-break until cropping on the day of the autumn equinox in September in Okayama Prefecture. Several cultivars that showed later budding than the summer-to-autumn-flowering standard-type chrysanthemum cultivar ‘Sei-un’ used in light culture were selected for the fine control of flowering using light culture. We confirmed and evaluated the utility of these selected cultivars for flowering control using light culture in Fukushima, Akita and Ibaraki Prefectures. Although the flowering time of the selected cultivars varied among prefectures under natural daylength conditions, fine control of the flowering time was established using light culture. These results show that the method developed in this study is useful for selecting summer-toautumn-flowering small-flowered chrysanthemum cultivars suitable for the fine control of flowering by using light culture.
Nanolaser arrays: toward application-driven dense integration

Abstract The past two decades have seen widespread efforts being directed toward the development of nanoscale lasers. A plethora of studies on single such emitters have helped demonstrate their advantageous characteristics such as ultrasmall footprints, low power consumption, and room-temperature operation. Leveraging knowledge about single nanolasers, the next phase of nanolaser technology will be geared toward scaling up design to form arrays for important applications. In this review, we discuss recent progress on the development of such array architectures of nanolasers. We focus on valuable attributes and phenomena realized due to unique array designs that may help enable real-world, practical applications. Arrays consisting of exactly two nanolasers are first introduced since they can serve as a building block toward comprehending the behavior of larger lattices. These larger-sized lattices can be distinguished depending on whether or not their constituent elements are coupled to one another in some form. While uncoupled arrays are suitable for applications such as imaging, biosensing, and even cryptography, coupling in arrays allows control over many aspects of the emission behavior such as beam directionality, mode switching, and orbital angular momentum. We conclude by discussing some important future directions involving nanolaser arrays.
Controlling the number of vortices and torque in Taylor–Couette flow

Abstract We present an experimental study on controlling the number of vortices and the torque in a Taylor–Couette flow of water for Reynolds numbers from 660 to 1320. Different flow states are achieved in the annulus of width $d$ between the inner rotating and outer stationary cylinders through manipulating the initial height of the water annulus. We show that the torque exerted on the inner cylinder of the Taylor–Couette system can be reduced by up to 20 % by controlling the flow at a state where fewer than the nominal number of vortices develop between the cylinders. This flow state is achieved by starting the system with an initial water annulus height $h_0$ (which nominally corresponds to $h_0/d$ vortices), then gradually adding water into the annulus while the inner cylinder keeps rotating. During this filling process the flow topology is so persistent that the number of vortices does not increase; instead, the vortices are greatly stretched in the axial (vertical) direction. We show that this state with stretched vortices is sustainable until the vortices are stretched to around 2.05 times their nominal size. Our experiments reveal that by manipulating the initial height of the liquid annulus we are able to generate different flow states and demonstrate how the different flow states manifest themselves in global momentum transport.
A Residual Dense Generative Adversarial Network For Pansharpening With Geometrical Constraints

The pansharpening problem consists in fusing a high resolution panchromatic image with a low resolution multispectral image in order to obtain a high resolution multispectral image. In this paper, we adapt a Residual Dense architecture for the generator in a Generative Adversarial Network framework. Indeed, this type of architecture avoids the vanishing gradient problem faced when training a network by re-injecting previous information thanks to dense and residual connections. Moreover, an important point for the pansharpening problem is to preserve the geometry of the image. Hence, we propose to add a regularization term in the loss function of the generator: it preserves the geometry of the target image so that a better solution is obtained. In addition, we propose geometrical measures that illustrate the advantages of this new method.
Pyrazolopyridine derivatives as nadph-oxidase inhibitors

FIELD: medicine, pharmaceutics. SUBSTANCE: invention refers to pyrazolopyridine derivatives of formula (I) , a based pharmaceutical composition, and using them for treating and/or preventing disorders or conditions related to nictonamide adenine dinucleotide phosphatoxidase (NADPH-oxidase), as well as to a method for preparing them and an intermediate of formula (VIII) . In general formula (I), G 1 is specified in H; and optionally substituted heteroaryl-C 1 -C 6 -alkyl; G 2 is specified in H; optionally substituted C 1 -C 6 -alkyl; optionally substituted C 2 -C 6 -alkenyl; optionally substituted C 2 -C 6 -alkinyl; optionally substituted aryl; optionally substituted C 1 -C 6 -alkylaryl; optionally substituted aryl-C 1 -C 6 -alkyl; optionally substituted heteroaryl; optionally substituted C 1 -C 6 -alkylheteroaryl; optionally substituted heteroaryl-C 1 -C 6 -alkyl; optionally substituted C 2 -C 6 -alkenylaryl; optionally substituted aryl-C 2 -C 6 -alkenyl; optionally substituted C 2 -C 6 -alkenylheteroaryl; optionally substituted heteroaryl-C 2 -C 6 -alkenyl; optionally substituted C 3 -C 8 -cycloalkyl; optionally substituted C 3 -C 8 -heterocycloalkyl; optionally substituted C 1 -C 6 -alkyl-C 3 -C 8 -cycloalkyl; optionally substituted C 3 -C 8 -cycloalkyl-C 1 -C 6 -alkyl; optionally substituted C 1 -C 6 -alkyl-C 3 -C 8 -heterocycloalkyl and optionally substituted C 3 -C 8 -heterocycloalkyl-C 1 -C 6 -alkyl; G 3 is specified in H; optionally substituted amino; optionally substituted aminoalkyl; optionally substituted aminocarbonyl; optionally substituted alkoxy, optionally substituted alkoxy-C 1 -C 6 -alkyl; optionally substituted carbonyl; optionally substituted C 1 -C 6 -alkyl; optionally substituted C 2 -C 6 -alkenyl; optionally substituted C 2 -C 6 -alkinyl; optionally substituted aryl; optionally substituted aryl-C 1 -C 6 -alkyl; optionally substituted C 1 -C 6 -alkylaryl: optionally substituted heteroaryl; optionally substituted C 1 -C 6 -alkylheteroaryl; optionally substituted heteroaryl-C 1 -C 6 -alkyl; optionally substituted C 2 -C 6 -alkenylaryl; optionally substituted aryl-C 2 -C 6 -alkenyl; optionally substituted C 2 -C 6 -alkenylheteroaryl; optionally substituted heteroaryl-C 2 -C 6 -alkenyl; optionally substituted C 3 -C 8 -cycloalkyl; optionally substituted C 3 -C 8 -heterocycloalkyl; optionally substituted C 1 -C 6 -alkyl-C 3 -C 8 -cycloalkyl; optionally substituted C 3 -C 8 -cycloalkyl-C 1 -C 6 -alkyl; optionally substituted C 1 -C 6 -alkyl-C 3 -C 8 -hterocycloalkyl and optionally substituted C 3 -C 8 -heterocycloalkyl-C 1 -C 6 -alkyl; G 4 is specified in -NR 2 -C(O)-R 1 and -(CHR 3 ) m -(CH 2 ) n -R 4 , G 5 represents H. EFFECT: preparing the pharmaceutical composition for treating and/or preventing the disorders and conditions related to nictonamide adenine dinucleotide phosphatoxidase. 16 cl, 3 tbl, 87 ex
Boosting the Optimization of Lithium Metal Batteries by Molecular Dynamics Simulations: A Perspective

The Li metal battery is attracting more and more attention in the field of electric vehicles because of its high theoretical capacity and low electrochemical potential. But its inherent disadvantages including uncontrolled lithium dendrites, high chemical activity, and large volume changes hold back the large‐scale application of stable Li metal anodes. Recently, various computational studies have been used to facilitate the rationalization of experimental observed phenomenon. In this review, the progress of molecular dynamics simulations in Li metal batteries is highlighted. Molecular dynamics simulations can predict how selected atoms in different systems of Li metal battery will move over time based on a general model of the physics governing interatomic interactions. The analysis of the transport structure of Li ions, the electrochemical process at electronic, atomic, or molecular level, the Li+ transport mechanism, and the Li deposition behavior are described in detail. Some suggestions are also made about the further potential of molecular dynamics simulations do in Li metal batteries are also made.
Five points to check when comparing visual perception in humans and machines

With the rise of machines to human-level performance in complex recognition tasks, a growing amount of work is directed toward comparing information processing in humans and machines. These studies are an exciting chance to learn about one system by studying the other. Here, we propose ideas on how to design, conduct, and interpret experiments such that they adequately support the investigation of mechanisms when comparing human and machine perception. We demonstrate and apply these ideas through three case studies. The first case study shows how human bias can affect the interpretation of results and that several analytic tools can help to overcome this human reference point. In the second case study, we highlight the difference between necessary and sufficient mechanisms in visual reasoning tasks. Thereby, we show that contrary to previous suggestions, feedback mechanisms might not be necessary for the tasks in question. The third case study highlights the importance of aligning experimental conditions. We find that a previously observed difference in object recognition does not hold when adapting the experiment to make conditions more equitable between humans and machines. In presenting a checklist for comparative studies of visual reasoning in humans and machines, we hope to highlight how to overcome potential pitfalls in design and inference.
Correlation between low-frequency noise and interface traps of fully-depleted silicon-on-insulator tunneling FETs induced by hot carrier stress

The generation of interface traps at the drain corner during hot-carrier-stress (HCS) in a fully-depleted silicon-on-insulator tunneling field-effect transistor (TFET) was invested and correlated to low-frequency noise performance. The hot carrier damage increases the number of the generated interface traps because hot carriers could gain high kinetic energy to reach the conduction band near the drain region in TFET. Unlike the results of channel-HCS characteristics in MOSFETs, the frequency exponent γ under the same stress voltage conditions in TFET decreased by 21.4%, which was attributed by the generation of interface traps as compared to deeper border traps.
Microenvironments and Signaling Pathways Regulating Early Dissemination, Dormancy, and Metastasis

Abstract : We devoted effort to both aims, to optimize methods and publish the first phase of efforts. SA1 is to understand the intrinsic mechanisms of dissemination by early-progressed cancer cells and how the microenvironment in these primary sites named P-TMEM (Primary Tumor Microenvironment of Metastases) contribute to early dissemination. We now have new data suggesting that a signature of early dissemination markers consisting on HER2HI/p-ATF2LO/E-cadhLO could identify motile early-progressed tumor cells and predict for dissemination. We further show that mammary tissue macrophages and HER2HI/p-ATF2LO/E-cadhLO tumor cells cooperate to disseminate early.
The exchange between citizens and elected officials: a social psychological framework for citizen climate activists

Abstract Citizen activists play a role in translating public concern about the climate crisis to policymakers and elevating it on the political agenda. We consider the dynamic between citizen activists and the decision-makers they seek to influence and we review psychological research relevant to advocating for climate legislation. We conducted a study with citizen activists who lobby the US Congress for a carbon pricing policy to address climate change. The study assessed how activists think about four social psychological approaches: affirmation, social norms, legacy and immediacy. The findings provide a window into activists’ intuitions about which strategies to use, whom to use them with and their perceived effectiveness. A strategy of establishing shared values and common ground (affirmation) was used most frequently overall. A strategy emphasizing the long-term costs and benefits of addressing climate change (legacy) was employed less frequently than affirmation and seen as less effective by activists but it was the only strategy that was associated with perceived increases in Congressional Representatives’ support of the policy. Citizen activists and their interactions with elected officials provide an opportunity for social-behavioral scientists to understand and potentially overcome barriers to enacting climate policy.
Comparison of the number of daily servings from different food groups in metabolic syndrome patients with the control groups.

Aims: This study aimed to compare the number of daily servings intake from different food groups in metabolic syndrome (MetS) patients with the control groups. Study Design: Case control, comparative cross-sectional study. Place and Duration of Study: Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center, Vali-Asr Hospital, Original Research Article Bitarafan et al.; BJMMR, 11(2): 1-11, 2016; Article no.BJMMR. 19832 2 and Clinical Nutrition Department, School of nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, from April 2014 to March 2015. Methodology: In this cross-sectional study the number of daily servings intake of seven major food groups including grain, meat, fruit, vegetable, fat and oils, milk and sweets was compared between 50 MetS patients (Group 1) and 50 obese or overweight participants without MetS (Group 2) and 48 normal weight participants without MetS (Group 3). The demographics, anthropometric and biochemical variables were assayed. Feeding and food frequency were collected using a modified food frequency questionnaire. USDA food pyramid was used to classify the food groups. Results: The total and per 1000 kcal daily servings intake from all the aforementioned food groups were significantly different among the study groups (p≤.01). The numbers of daily servings from meat, fruit, vegetable, and milk groups were significantly higher, while, quantity of daily servings by considering fat and oil, sweets and grain groups were significantly lower in the normal weight controls in comparison with the patients suffering from metabolic syndrome and overweight/obese controls, as well (P<.001). No significant difference was noticed by considering all food groups’ consumption between patients with metabolic syndrome and overweight/obese controls (P≥.09). In addition, meat group was categorized to its subgroups including red meat, poultry, fish, tuna, egg, and nuts. The numbers of total and per 1000 kcal of daily servings intake from meat subgroups were respectively higher with regards to nuts, egg, poultry, red meat and fish and tuna subgroup (P≤.07). To illustrate, the normal weight controls had the highest consumption of meat group, which was due to the high intake of nuts, eggs and poultry subgroups. Conclusion: In conclusion, the number of daily servings intake from meat, fruit, vegetable and milk groups were significantly higher, while, fat and oil, sweets and grain groups were significantly lower in the normal weight controls in comparison with the patients with metabolic syndrome and overweight/obese controls. No significant difference was observed among patients with metabolic syndrome and overweight/obese controls.