Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Psychiatric disorders in adult‐onset focal dystonia: A case‐control study

In a single‐center, case–control study, we investigated the frequency and types of psychiatric disturbances in 89 consecutive patients with various primary focal dystonias (34 had cervical dystonia (CD), 28 blepharospasm (BPS), 16 laryngeal dystonia (LD), and 11 arm dystonia), 62 healthy control subjects and as controls for BPS, 26 patients with hemifacial spasm (HFS). Patients and controls underwent a full psychiatric evaluation. Diagnosis was based on the structured clinical interview for DSM‐IV, obsessive‐compulsive disorder (OCD) was assessed with the Yale‐Brown Obsessive‐Compulsive scale, anxiety with the Hamilton Rating Scale for Anxiety, the severity of depression with the Beck Depression Inventory. Of the 89 patients with focal dystonias studied, 51 patients (57.3%) had a diagnosis of psychiatric disorders compared with only 15 of 62 healthy subjects (24.1%) and 9 of the patients with HFS (34.6%). Depressive disorders were more frequent in the CD and BPS groups than in healthy controls, whereas the frequency of anxiety disorders, OCDs or adjustment disorders approached that of healthy subjects. No difference was found in the frequency of any specific psychiatric disorder in patients with LD and arm dystonia and healthy controls. In 35 of 51 patients who had psychiatric disorders, these started before and in 16 patients after the onset of dystonia. No differences were found in age, dystonia severity, and duration of botulinum toxin treatment between patients with and without psychiatric disturbances. The most common psychiatric features in patients with CD and BPS are depressive disorders. © 2010 Movement Disorder Society
Mitochondrial Distribution and Adenosine Triphosphate Content of Bovine Oocytes Before and After In Vitro Maturation: Correlation with Morphological Criteria and Developmental Capacity After In Vitro Fertilization and Culture1

Abstract In this study, we evaluated mitochondrial distribution and ATP content of individual bovine oocytes before and after in vitro maturation (IVM). Cumulus-oocyte complexes were classified according to morphological criteria: category 1, homogeneous oocyte cytoplasm, compact multilayered cumulus oophorus; category 2, cytoplasm with small inhomogeneous areas, more than five layers of compact cumulus; category 3, heterogeneous/vacuolated cytoplasm, three to five layers of cumulus including small areas of denuded zona pellucida; category 4, heterogeneous cytoplasm, completely or in great part denuded. In immature oocytes, staining with MitoTracker green revealed mitochondrial clumps in the periphery of the cytoplasm, with a strong homogenous signal in category 1 oocytes, a weaker staining in category 2 oocytes, allocation of mitochondria around vacuoles in category 3 oocytes, and poor staining of mitochondria in category 4 oocytes. After IVM, mitochondrial clumps were allocated more toward the center, became larger, and stained more intensive in category 1 and 2 oocytes. This was also true for category 3 oocytes; however, mitochondria maintained their perivacuolar distribution. No mitochondrial reorganization was seen for category 4 oocytes. Before IVM, the average ATP content of category 1 oocytes (1.8 pmol) tended to be higher than that of category 2 oocytes (1.6 pmol) and was significantly (P < 0.01) higher than in category 3 (1.4 pmol) and 4 oocytes (0.9 pmol). The IVM resulted in a significant (P < 0.01) increase in the average ATP content of all oocyte categories, with no difference between oocytes extruding versus nonextruding a polar body. After in vitro fertilization (IVF) and culture, significantly (P < 0.05) more category 1 and 2 than category 3 and 4 oocytes developed to the morula or blastocyst stage (determined 168 h after IVF). Total cell numbers of expanded blastocysts derived from category 1 and 2 oocytes were significantly (P < 0.05) higher than of those originating from category 3 and 4 oocytes. These data indicate that mitochondrial reorganization and ATP levels are different between morphologically good and poor oocytes and may be responsible for their different developmental capacity after IVF.
Using a Current Loop and Homogeneous Primary Winding for Calibrating a Current Transformer

This paper presents two methods for determining the ratio error and the phase displacement of a protective current transformer (PCT) with a transformation ratio of 10 kA/1 A and a measuring current transformer (MCT) with a transformation ratio of 20 kA/5 A. The primary conductor passed by a current (10 or 20 kA) placed in the center of the toroid is replaced by a current loop with ten turns placed in the center of the toroid. In the second case, the conductor is replaced by ten turns uniformly distributed along the circumference of the toroid. The primary current (2 or 1 kA) is measured in both cases using a toroidal current comparator, and the secondary current difference is evaluated by means of a current transformer (CT) error measurement system. The errors were also measured using a CT analyzer.
Graph embedded analysis for head pose estimation

Head pose is an important vision cue for scene interpretation and human computer interaction. To determine the head pose, one may consider the low-dimensional manifold structure of the face view points in image space. In this paper, we present an appearance-based strategy for head pose estimation using supervised graph embedding (GE) analysis. Thinking globally and fitting locally, we first construct the neighborhood weighted graph in the sense of supervised LLE. The unified projection is calculated in a closed-form solution based on the GE linearization. We then project new data (face view images) into the embedded low-dimensional subspace with the identical projection. The head pose is finally estimated by the K-nearest neighbor classification. We test the proposed method on 18,100 USF face view images. Experimental results show that, even using a very small training set (e.g. 10 subjects), GE achieves higher head pose estimation accuracy with more efficient dimensionality reduction than the existing methods
Characterization of the recognition specificity of autoreactive, polyspecific monoclonal antibodies obtained from spleen cells of parasite‐infected BALB/c mice

We examined the specificity of four monoclonal antibodies (MoAbs) obtained from Schistosoma japonicum (1D, GAO3), Trypanosoma cruzi (TSLO), and Trichinella spiralis (TSY2) infected BALB/c mice. All four MoAbs reacted not only with autologous parasite antigens but also with various heterologous parasite antigens and normal tissues. The antigen recognition pattern seen on Western blots was almost identical in 1D and GAO3, and in TSLO and TSY2. Furthermore, certain bands were identical among all four MoAbs. The mechanisms responsible for these phenomena are discussed.
Sleep Habits and Patterns of College Students: A Preliminary Study

Abstract The negative effects of sleep difficulties have been well documented. However, the prevalence of such problems among US college students has not been well studied. Design difficulties are common in the limited number of existing investigations, making it difficult to estimates the prevalence and types of disturbance studied. The authors describe the use of a quantitative-based assessment instrument to provide an initial indication of students' sleep problems and to serve as a means of addressing some of the deficiencies in the literature. In their sample of 191 undergraduates at a rural southern university, they found that most of the students exhibited some form of sleep disturbance and that women, in general, reported more sleep disturbances than men did. They suggest how colleges and university officials can alter procedures to minimize students” sleep disturbances and reduce the deleterious effects of sleep problems on academic performance.
Temperature control of shell and tube heat exchanger system using internal model controllers

In many industrial processes and operations heat exchangers are one of the simplest and important unit for the transfer of thermal energy. There are different types of heat exchangers used in industries; the Shell and Tube heat exchanger system being the most common since it can sustain wide range of temperature and pressure. The main purpose of heat exchanger is to maintain specific temperature conditions, which is achieved by controlling the exit temperature of the process fluid in response to variations of the operating conditions. In this paper, Model based control technique is employed; Internal Model Controller (IMC) combined with disturbance rejection function and Internal Model based Proportional-Integral-Derivative(PID) controller combined with feed-forward controllers are used to regulate the temperature of outlet fluid of Shell and Tube heat exchanger system to overcome the disturbance occurred due to deviation in the input fluid flow. Simulations are done in the MatLab/Simulink environment.
Target-oriented opinion mining from tweets

People express their opinion about many things like products, political parties, ideas using the facilities of social media. The analysis of these opinions is a gold mine for marketing experts and for humanities research as well. We introduce a system for opinion mining from the textual content of tweets and discuss the differences between tweet-level and target-oriented opinion mining.
The Global Distribution of Supersaturation in the Upper Troposphere from the Atmospheric Infrared Sounder

Abstract Satellite data from the Atmospheric Infrared Sounder (AIRS) is analyzed to examine regions of the upper troposphere that are supersaturated: where the relative humidity (RH) is greater than 100%. AIRS data compare well to other in situ and satellite observations of RH and provide daily global coverage up to 200 hPa, though satellite observations of supersaturation are highly uncertain. The climatology of supersaturation is analyzed statistically to understand where supersaturation occurs and how frequently. Supersaturation occurs in humid regions of the upper tropical tropopause near convection 10%–20% of the time at 200 hPa. Supersaturation is very frequent in the extratropical upper troposphere, occurring 20%–40% of the time, and over 50% of the time in storm track regions below the tropopause. The annual cycle of supersaturation is consistent for the ∼2.5 yr of data analyzed. More supersaturation is seen in the Southern Hemisphere midlatitudes, which may be attributed to higher temperature var.
Mapping Crime Hotspots in Akure, Nigeria: A GIS Perspective

African countries in recent times have witnessed an unprecedented level of insecurity. This has made national security threat to be a major issue for the government and has prompted huge allocation of the national budget to security. The objective of this paper is to mark out crime hotspot areas in the central area of Akure metropolis; and examine the rate at which crimes are committed, the surveillance method used and its effectiveness. The research made use of Google Earth imagery and Geographical Information System (GIS) technology to delineate crime hotspots in Akure. A 100m buffer was created around the identified crime hotspots to select houses that are susceptible to the impacts of crime activities in the study area. A structured questionnaire was also used to elicit information on crime, surveillance method, and effect of crime on the people and level of occurrence in the city among others. Findings identified six major crimes in eight hotspot areas; noise, loss of property and threat to life were some of the effects of hotspots on residents. The paper recommends construction/repair of roads in the core residential areas for effective surveillance of hotspots. The use of satellite images to combat crime in the city is also canvassed.
Financial Market Structure and Finance-Growth Relationships in the BRICS

This study examines financial market structure and the finance-growth relationship in the emerging markets of Brazil, Russia, India, China, and South Africa (BRICS). While causality runs from the stock market to economic growth in Brazil, credit drives economic growth in South Africa. On the other hand, our results show that causality runs from economic growth to financial development in Russia, India, and China. We explore the financial market structure and economic management arrangements of each country in order to explain the observed test results. In countries with extensive government controls over the financial sector, economic growth is more likely to drive to financial sector development. On the other hand, in open market economies with developed financial systems, causality is more likely to move from financial sector development to economic growth. JEL Classification: G21, G28, G32, E44 Keywords: Financial Sector; Economic Growth; BRICS.
A NapC/NirT‐type cytochrome c (NrfH) is the mediator between the quinone pool and the cytochrome c nitrite reductase of Wolinella succinogenes

Wolinella succinogenes can grow by anaerobic respiration with nitrate or nitrite using formate as electron donor. Two forms of nitrite reductase were isolated from the membrane fraction of W. succinogenes. One form consisted of a 58 kDa polypeptide (NrfA) that was identical to the periplasmic nitrite reductase. The other form consisted of NrfA and a 22 kDa polypeptide (NrfH). Both forms catalysed nitrite reduction by reduced benzyl viologen, but only the dimeric form catalysed nitrite reduction by dimethylnaphthoquinol. Liposomes containing heterodimeric nitrite reductase, formate dehydrogenase and menaquinone catalysed the electron transport from formate to nitrite; this was coupled to the generation of an electrochemical proton potential (positive outside) across the liposomal membrane. It is concluded that the electron transfer from menaquinol to the catalytic subunit (NrfA) of W. succinogenes nitrite reductase is mediated by NrfH. The structural genes nrfA and nrfH were identified in an apparent operon (nrfHAIJ) with two additional genes. The gene nrfA encodes the precursor of NrfA carrying an N‐terminal signal peptide (22 residues). NrfA (485 residues) is predicted to be a hydrophilic protein that is similar to the NrfA proteins of Sulfurospirillum deleyianum and of Escherichia coli. NrfH (177 residues) is predicted to be a membrane‐bound tetrahaem cytochrome c belonging to the NapC/NirT family. The products of nrfI and nrfJ resemble proteins involved in cytochrome c biogenesis. The C‐terminal third of NrfI (902 amino acid residues) is similar to CcsA proteins from Gram‐positive bacteria, cyanobacteria and chloroplasts. The residual N‐terminal part of NrfI resembles Ccs1 proteins. The deduced NrfJ protein resembles the thioredoxin‐like proteins (ResA) of Helicobacter pylori and of Bacillus subtilis, but lacks the common motif CxxC of ResA. The properties of three deletion mutants of W. succinogenes (ΔnrfJ,ΔnrfIJ and ΔnrfAIJ) were studied. Mutants ΔnrfAIJ and ΔnrfIJ did not grow with nitrite as terminal electron acceptor or with nitrate in the absence of NH4+ and lacked nitrite reductase activity, whereas mutant ΔnrfJ showed wild‐type properties. The NrfA protein formed by mutant ΔnrfIJ seemed to lack part of the haem C, suggesting that NrfI is involved in NrfA maturation.
Real‐time cell cycle imaging during melanoma growth, invasion, and drug response

Solid cancers are composed of heterogeneous zones containing proliferating and quiescent cells. Despite considerable insight into the molecular mechanisms underlying aberrant cell cycle progression, there is limited understanding of the relationship between the cell cycle on the one side, and melanoma cell motility, invasion, and drug sensitivity on the other side. Utilizing the fluorescent ubiquitination‐based cell cycle indicator (FUCCI) to longitudinally monitor proliferation and migration of melanoma cells in 3D culture and in vivo, we found that invading melanoma cells cycle actively, while G1‐arrested cells showed decreased invasion. Melanoma cells in a hypoxic environment or treated with mitogen‐activated protein kinase pathway inhibitors remained G1‐arrested for extended periods of time, with proliferation and invasion resuming after re‐exposure to a more favorable environment. We challenge the idea that the invasive and proliferative capacity of melanoma cells are mutually exclusive and further demonstrate that a reversibly G1‐arrested subpopulation survives in the presence of targeted therapies.
A woman with metastatic pancreatic neuroendocrine tumor.

an for benign cysts, an upper gastroesophageal endoscopy, and a hepatobiliary iminodiacetic acid (HIDA) scan. for magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the multiple cystic combination of pancreatic pancreatic malignancy differential for a pancreatic mass with liver lesions in pancreatic adenocarcinoma, neuroendocrine tumors (NETs), and, more acinar cancer and solid pseudopapillary malignancy of the pancreas. Well-deﬁned,
Meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials of prophylactic granulocyte colony-stimulating factor and granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor after autologous and allogeneic stem cell transplantation.

PURPOSE The primary objective of our meta-analysis was to determine whether prophylactic hematopoietic colony-stimulating factors (CSFs) after hematopoietic autologous and allogeneic stem-cell transplantation (SCT) reduced documented infections. Our secondary objectives were to determine whether prophylactic CSFs affected other outcomes including parenteral antibiotic therapy duration, infection-related mortality, graft-versus-host disease (GVHD), or treatment-related mortality. METHODS We included studies if there was random assignment between CSFs and placebo/no therapy and CSFs were given after SCT and before recovery of neutrophils. From 3,778 reviewed study articles, 34 were included based on predefined inclusion criteria. All analyses were conducted using a random effects model. RESULTS CSFs reduced the risk of documented infections (relative risk [RR] 0.87; 95% CI, 0.76 to 1.00; P = .05) and duration of parenteral antibiotics (weighted mean difference, -1.39 days, 95% CI, -2.56 to -0.22; P = .02) but did not reduce infection-related mortality (RR, 0.76; 95% CI, 0.41 to 1.44; P = .4). CSFs did not increase grade 2 to 4 acute GVHD (RR, 1.03; 95% CI, 0.81 to 1.31; P = .8) or treatment-related mortality (RR, 1.00; 95% CI, 0.78 to 1.29; P = .98). CONCLUSION CSFs were associated with a small reduction in the risk of documented infections but did not affect infection or treatment-related mortality.
El software convivencial: una perpectiva del usuario final sobre el software libre y el código abierto

El software es un tipo de invencion que nace en un contexto determinado. No toda innovacion acaba teniendo exito. En este sentido es posible analizar este contexto para valorar su viabilidad futura. Por otro lado, se puede entender que el software libre representa la emergencia de un nuevo paradigma etico y social en convivencia con otras formas de �libertad�. Se examina como el software libre es coherente con la tradicion etica de los diversos colegios ingenieriles y deontologias. Finalmente se propone la produccion de un �software convivencial� que atienda mas a los usuarios.
Intestinal Intraepithelial Lymphocytes Sustain the Epithelial Barrier Function against Eimeria vermiformis Infection

ABSTRACT Eimeria spp. are intracellular protozoa that infect intestinal epithelia of most vertebrates, causing coccidiosis. Intestinal intraepithelial lymphocytes (IEL) that reside at the basolateral site of epithelial cells (EC) have immunoregulatory and immunoprotective roles against Eimeria spp. infection. However, it remains unknown how IEL are involved in the regulation of epithelial barrier during Eimeria sp. infection. Here, we demonstrated two distinct roles of IEL against infection with Eimeria vermiformis, a murine pathogen: production of cytokines to induce protective immunity and expression of junctional molecules to preserve epithelial barrier. The number of IEL markedly increased when oocyst production reached a peak. During infection, IEL increased production of gamma interferon (IFN-γ) and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) and decreased transforming growth factor β (TGF-β) production. Addition of IFN-γ and TNF-α or supernatants obtained from cultured IEL from E. vermiformis-infected mice reduced transepithelial electrical resistance (TER) in a confluent CMT93 cell monolayer, a murine intestine-derived epithelial line, but antibodies against these cytokines suppressed the decline of TER. Moreover, TGF-β attenuated the damage of epithelial monolayer and changes in TER caused by IFN-γ and TNF-α. The expression of junctional molecules by EC was decreased when IEL produced a high level of IFN-γ and TNF-α and a low level of TGF-β in E. vermiformis-infected mice. Interestingly, IEL constantly expressed junctional molecules and a coculture of EC with IEL increased TER. These results suggest that IEL play important multifunctional roles not only in protection of the epithelium against E. vermiformis-induced change by cytokine production but also in direct interaction with the epithelial barrier when intra-EC junctions are down-regulated.
Diagnostic and therapeutic endoscopy

Within the gastrointestinal tract, there is no shorter segment with a higher cancer incidence than the gastro‐esophageal junction. Flexible endoscopy is the mainstay for diagnosis of early and advanced esophageal adenocarcinoma, for the treatment of early lesions, and also for the palliation of advanced cancer. New developments in endoscopy aim to improve the diagnosis and treatment of esophageal cancer. These include high resolution and magnification endoscopy in combination with chromendoscopy, and techniques based on modulation of the features of light bundles, such as narrow band imaging, fluorescence endoscopy, and elastic scattering spectroscopy. The value of these techniques for the surveillance of distal esophageal neoplasia needs further study. Furthermore, new methods of tissue sampling and evaluation are being studied to augment identification and staging of patients at risk for cancer. Finally, newer instruments may decrease patient burden during endoscopy, making screening and surveillance more acceptable from a patient's perspective. This review discusses the new developments in flexible endoscopy for diagnosis and therapy of early and advanced and advanced esophageal adenocarcinoma. J. Surg. Oncol. 2005;92:203–209. © 2005 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.