Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The Multinational Undergraduate Teamwork Project

Societies are experiencing changes in work organization, in part due to the growing ease with which people can collaborate. People with common interests are interacting within heterogeneous teams composed of members from different cultural groups and with distinct skills and backgrounds. Modern economies require professionals to excel in collaboration and communication skills in an international setting. However, these competences are not usually addressed in curricula. In the diverse environment of the current labour markets, it is essential to promote teamwork and communication skills at an international level. In the Multinational Undergraduate Teamwork course, students develop a major project as members of an international team while working at their home institutions. Team members are geographically spread to ensure that the teams are heterogeneous and to promote international cooperation. It is argued that this paradigm can be applied to any project or internship course unit. The results from the pilot programmes support the authors' initial hypothesis that this innovative paradigm significantly promotes the development of soft skills in students.
Diversity of NTFPs and Their Utilization in Adilabad District of Andhra Pradesh, India

Adilabad in Andhra Pradesh is a backward district, with 37.72% of geographic area under forest cover and inhabited by 17.08% ethnic people who use the local tropical dry deciduous forests to extract Non-Timber Forest Products (NTFPs) for self-consumption and economic subsistence. The analysis of NTFPs in six forest divisions of Adilabad district, viz. Adilabad, Bellampalli, Jannaram, Kagaznagar, Mancherial and Nirmal reveals the use of consumptive category of goods like wild food plants, honey, oils, fodder, etc. on one hand and the non-consumptive items like gums, resins, gum-resins, dyes, wax, lac, fibers, fuel wood, charcoal, fencing material, brooms, wildlife products, raw materials like bamboo and cane for handicrafts, etc. besides the medicinal plants. The NTFP diversity shows the cognitive ability of the people while the products extracted belong to 183 flowering plant species which represent 149 genera of 64 families (164 Magnoliopsida; 19 Liliopsida). The Legumes dominate the list with 31 taxa, followed by Rubiaceae (11) and Euphorbiaceae (7). Most of the NTFP species are phanerophytes (61% trees) and indigenous. The government of Andhra Pradesh has a procurement policy and price index for select NTFPs by which the stakeholders get reasonable seasonal income through the collection and sale of beedi leaf, gums (karaya, thiruman, konda gogu), stem bark (narra mamidi), fleshy corolla (ippa), fruits (karakkaya, kunkudu), seeds (chilla, mushti, morli), etc.
Smartphones, mobile social space, and new sociality in Korea

As mobile phones evolve into smartphones equipped with mobile operating systems, the modes of mobile communication are changing. When smartphones incorporate the Internet into their multimedia functions, they enable people to access various mobile social communication spaces in which existing forms of mobile communication, such as calls and text messages, coexist with forms of Internet communication such as instant messengers, emails, and social networking sites (SNSs) on the move. This study attempts to focus on the newly emerging mobile communication practices that have resulted from smartphones allowing people to access their SNSs anytime and anywhere. To understand how the mobility and immediate accessibility of smartphones have affected the communication practices of SNS, the study will pay particular attention to the use of Twitter via smartphones. This study will explore this through 49 Korean Twitter users’ everyday practices of communication and social interaction via their smartphones. Based on qualitative interview data, this study discusses how mobile social media forms a pseudo-aural space for volatile but self-expediential social networks and how it shapes a new sociality. It suggests that this sociality strays from existing social practices and has a new cultural significance.
Precise assessment of induction motor performance based on NEMA definition

In this paper, the shortcoming of NEMA definition for performance analysis of induction motor under supply voltage unbalance is presented. It gives a large range of performance variation. In order to make it suitable for the purpose the index is proposed, which along with NEMA definition can be utilized for the reduction of voltage variation and exact assessment of performance of induction motor. The performance of this index along with the NEMA definition is tested for various motor performance indices such as peak stator current, derating factor. The variations in the performance of the motor can be reduced with suggested voltage unbalance index. These facts are investigated by conducting various experiments on MATLAB Simulink software package.
Adverse and Protective Influences of Adenosine on the Newborn and Embryo: Implications for Preterm White Matter Injury and Embryo Protection

Few signaling molecules have the potential to influence the developing mammal as the nucleoside adenosine. Adenosine levels increase rapidly with tissue hypoxia and inflammation. Adenosine antagonists include the methylxanthines caffeine and theophylline. The receptors that transduce adenosine action are the A1, A2a, A2b, and A3 adenosine receptors (ARs). In the postnatal period, A1AR activation may contribute to white matter injury in the preterm infant by altering oligodendrocyte (OL) development. In models of perinatal brain injury, caffeine is neuroprotective against periventricular white matter injury (PWMI) and hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy (HIE). Supporting the notion that blockade of adenosine action is of benefit in the premature infant, caffeine reduces the incidence of bronchopulmonary dysplasia and CP in clinical studies. In comparison with the adverse effects on the postnatal brain, adenosine acts via A1ARs to play an essential role in protecting the embryo from hypoxia. Embryo protective effects are blocked by caffeine, and caffeine intake during early pregnancy increases the risk of miscarriage and fetal growth retardation. Adenosine and adenosine antagonists play important modulatory roles during mammalian development. The protective and deleterious effects of adenosine depend on the time of exposure and target sites of action.
Comparison of biotinylated DNA and RNA probes for rapid detection of varicella-zoster virus genome by in situ hybridization

We describe a general method for the production of nonisotopic DNA and RNA probes for the detection of the varicella-zoster virus (VZV) genome by in situ hybridization. VZV DNA was extracted from purified viral nucleocapsids, cleaved with restriction enzyme (RE) BamHI, and cloned into plasmid pBR322 by the standard vector insert procedure. We cloned over 85% of the VZV genome and obtained 18 recombinants. Plasmids containing the B, F, G, H, and J fragments of VZV DNA were labeled by the nick translation method with biotin-11-dUTP as the dTTP analog. Additionally, the B fragment was cleaved with RE AvaI, subcloned into the plasmid pGEM-4 transcription vector, and subsequently linearized with REs PstI and EcoRI. RNA was transcribed with T7 or SP6 polymerase, with a substitution of allylamine-UTP as the UTP analog, and labeled with epsilon-caproylamidobiotin-N-hydroxysuccinimide ester. The DNA and RNA probes were used under full-stringency conditions for in situ hybridization with alkaline phosphatase as the detector and 5-bromo-4-chloro-3-indolyl phosphate-Nitro Blue Tetrazolium as the substrate. When tested under comparable conditions, the RNA probe was slightly more sensitive than was the DNA probe: both probes showed homology only with VZV-infected cells and clinical tissues and not with the other herpesviruses. Probes prepared from variable regions of the genome (fragments F and J) performed as well as did those from conserved regions (fragments B. G. and H). Biotinylated probes have distinct advantages over isotopic probes and retain their full potency for more than 2 years when stored properly.
Complication Following Reconstruction of Orbital Floor With Temporalis-Coronoid Flap After Subtotal Maxillectomy

Abstract A 33-year-old lady was referred to the Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery of Taleghani hospital in 2008. She complained of firm swelling on the left side of her face with toothache, lacrimation, and nasal stiffness. There was a large mass in the left maxillary sinus with extension to the orbital floor, nasal bone, ethmoid sinus, and infratemporal fossa. The incisional biopsy revealed a neurofibroma of the maxilla. She underwent hemimaxillectomy and simultaneous reconstruction with temporalis-coronoid flap for orbital floor reconstruction. After 2 months’ follow-up with no complication, she complained of left globe upward movement during gum chewing. The orbital and visual examinations were otherwise normal. This unusual complication has continued for 4 years with no resolution, although the patient does not worry about it any more.
Polyneuropathy and IgM monoclonal gammopathy: Studies on the pathogenetic role of anti‐myelin‐associated glycoprotein antibody

Attentionl has recently been directed toward patients having a polyneuropathy IgM anti‐Myelin‐associated glycoprotein (anti‐MAG) antibody. The possibility of a pathogenetic role for the anti‐MAG antibody in the evolution of the polyneuropathy and in the development of central nervous system signs, including tremor and ataxia, remains unresolved. In 5 patients with this syndrome whose clinical courses were followed closely, in 1 of whom a complete postmortem examination of the nervous system was performed, we made the folowing obsercvations: (1) the anti‐MAG antibody did not localize to the compact layer of the myelin sheath in affected nerves, but did realize to areas of myelin splitting; (2) anti‐MAG antibody present in the sural nerve of an affected individual for 7 years was not associated with progressive pathology; (3) anti‐MAG antibody was not deposited in the central nervous system of an affected individual, although the antibody did bind to these same tissues in vitro; (4) deposition of anti‐MAG antibody observed at postmortem examination did not correlate with the degree of pathological change; and (5) study of the peripheral nervous system favored a primary axonal neuropathy with secondary demyelination.
An Investigation into Consumer Attitudes to Ecocertification. The Case Study of Lake Plastira in Karditsa, Greece.

Ecotourism is a sub-section of tourism which has the intent of being environmentally, economically and socio-culturally sustainable. Ecocertification, which is the process of defining tourism businesses that fulfil ecotourism criteria, is believed by many to be an effective tool in promoting ecotourism. However, a plethora of ecolabels and lack of a credible accreditation body have given rise to consumer confusion, to the extent that they ignore these labels. Adding to this consumer confusion, are the numerous tourism organisations that use the prefix “eco” solely as a veneer of ecotourism, with the purpose of increasing business, effectively result in “green-washing” of the public. Through extensive review of existing literature and by using questionnaire analysis of a case study of tourism consumers in the Lake Plastira area in Karditsa, Greece, an evaluation of consumer attitudes to ecocertification was carried out. Respondents’ attitudes regarding environmental awareness and methods of increasing consumer demand for ecocertification were thus extrapolated. Backed by interview analysis of experts in the field, recommendations were made for the formation of an effective eco-certification scheme on a local and international scale. Finally, suggestions for further studies that could enhance the representativeness of the results and recommendations towards the future of ecolabels’ certification are made.
HAWTHORN-INFESTING POPULATIONS OF RHAGOLETIS POMONELLA IN MEXICO AND SPECIATION MODE PLURALITY

Abstract Categorizing speciation into dichotomous allopatric versus nonallopatric modes may not always adequately describe the geographic context of divergence for taxa. If some of the genetic changes generating inherent barriers to gene flow between populations evolved in geographic isolation, whereas others arose in sympatry, then the mode of divergence would be mixed. The apple maggot fly, Rhagoletis pomonella, has contributed to this emerging concept of a mixed speciation mode “plurality. ” Genetic studies have implied that a source of diapause life-history variation associated with inversions and contributing to sympatric host race formation and speciation for R. pomonella in the United States may have introgressed from the Eje Volcanico Trans Mexicano (EVTM; a.k.a. the Altiplano) in the past. A critical unresolved issue concerning the introgression hypothesis is how past gene flow occurred given the current 1200-km disjunction in the ranges of hawthorn-infesting flies in the EVTM region of Mexico and the southern extreme of the U.S. population in Texas. Here, we report the discovery of a hawthorn-infesting population of R. pomonella in the Sierra Madre Oriental Mountains (SMO) of Mexico. Sequence data from 15 nuclear loci and mitochondrial DNA imply that the SMO flies are related to, but still different from, U.S. and EVTM flies. The host affiliations, diapause characteristics, and phylogeography of the SMO population are consistent with it having served as a conduit for gene flow between Mexico and the United States. We also present evidence suggesting greater permeability of collinear versus rearranged regions of the genome to introgression, in accord with recent models of chromosomal speciation. We discuss the implications of the results in the context of speciation mode plurality. We do not argue for abandoning the terms sympatry or allopatry, but caution that categorizing divergence into either/or geographic modes may not describe the genetic origins of all species. For R. pomonella in the United States, the proximate selection pressures triggering race formation and speciation stem from sympatric host shifts. However, some of the phenological variation contributing to host-related ecological adaptation and reproductive isolation in sympatry at the present time appears to have an older history, having originated and become packaged into inversion polymorphism in allopatry.
Consumer preference for product bundles: The role of reduced search costs

Most prior research on bundling from a consumer perspective has focused on how bundles are processed, particularly from a prospect theory or mental accounting perspective. In contrast, relatively little research has examined the factors that might drive consumer preference for bundles versus individual items. This article addresses one such factor: the potential to reduce search and assembly costs. Through exploratory interviews and two laboratory experiments, the authors show that preference for a bundle is greater when bundle choice will reduce search effort than when it will not, particularly among consumers who are less motivated to process information.
Measuring chain digitisation maturity: an assessment of Dutch retail branches

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to develop a validated measurement model and typology for chain digitisation maturity, defined as the degree of interorganisational collaboration through ICT.Design/methodology/approach – Through a literature (meta) study, 22 existing maturity models are found and analysed, on the basis of which an integrated framework is developed. This framework is subsequently applied to interorganisational collaboration within the Dutch retail sector (i.e. retailers and their wholesalers, manufacturers, customers, and trade organisations). The measurement model is tested by determining the chain digitisation level of 24 different retail sub‐sectors (branches) through desk research, interviews, and surveys. Data are collected at the level of the branch, mainly through representatives of trade organisations.Findings – The framework (i.e. measurement model) appears to be applicable to describing the Dutch retail sector and comparing its branches, providing both expected and new insi.
Effects of inorganic and organic arsenic compounds on growth and apoptosis of human T-lymphoblastoid leukemia cells.

BACKGROUND/AIM To investigate the effects of inorganic and organic arsenic compounds on human T-lymphoblastoid leukemia cells. MATERIALS AND METHODS Cell proliferation was analyzed by 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5¬diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay. Apoptotic cell morphology was examined by cell staining with Hoechst 33342. Cellular caspase-3/7 activities were measured after arsenic treatment. RESULTS The inhibitory concentration by 50% (IC(50)) values of As(2)O(3) towards MOLT-4 and daunorubicin- resistant MOLT-4/DNR cell proliferation were 0.87 and 0.92 μM, while the values for arsenic acid were 69.1 and 116.6 μM, respectively. These arsenic compounds also inhibited mitogen-induced proliferation of human peripheral blood mononuclear cells. Six organic arsenic compounds did not inhibit leukemia cell proliferation. As(2)O(3) and arsenic acid induced apoptotic cell morphology and increased caspase-3/7 activity in the leukemia cells. Ascorbic acid and buthionine sulfoxide enhanced, while N-acetyl-L-cysteine abated, the suppressive effects of inorganic arsenic compounds on leukemia cell proliferation. CONCLUSION As(2)O(3) and arsenic acid inhibit proliferation and induce apoptosis in MOLT-4 and daunorubicine-resistant MOLT-4/DNR cells via glutathione-depletion and subsequent caspase-3/7 activation. Organic arsenic compounds have no inhibitory activity on the leukemia cell proliferation. Inorganic arsenic compounds are suggested as useful agents for treatment of T-lymphoblastoid leukemia.
CSR BENEFITS AND COSTS IN A STRATEGIC APPROACH

In recent decades corporate social responsibility (CSR) has captured the interest of both practitioners and academics, being a concept extensively analyzed and discussed in terms of its many facets. But maybe due its complexity, still lacking a unified approach and a widely accepted definition, CSR is still often seen as having a peripheral role, auxiliary for a business organization, without even understanding its essence and having overlooked its extraordinary potential to determine multiple bivalent benefits for companies and local communities. Even if CSR benefits are identified, the analysis is often limited to an optimistic view, lacking a realistic approach that recognizes and takes into account also the costs and risks associated. With this paper we aim at identifying the most significant CSR benefits and costs in an attempt to offer a realistic pledging for the importance of CSR implementation in a strategic approach.
MANUFACTURER BRAND BENEFITS: MIXED METHODS SCALING

This paper focuses on the role of manufacturer brands for resellers within retail channels. This topic is important because of the strategic value of manufacturer brands and the increasing influence of resellers within channels of distribution. Much of the branding research emphasizes a customer-brand knowledge perspective; however, emerging perspectives suggest that brands are also relevant to other stakeholders including resellers. In contrast, channels research recognizes the manufacturer sources of market power, but does not consider the impact of manufacturer ‘‘push and pull’’ strategies within channels. Existing theoretical frameworks, therefore, do not address the reseller perspective of the brand. As a result, the research approach is a multi-method design, consisting of two phases. The first phase involves in-depth interviews, allowing the development of a conceptual framework. In the second phase, a survey of supermarket buyers on brands in several product categories tests this framework. Structural equation modeling analyzes the survey responses and tests the hypotheses. The structural model shows very good fit to the data with good construct validity, reliability, and stability. The findings show that manufacturer support, brand equity, and customer demand
Generalized overlapping digit patterns for multi-dimensional sub-expression sharing

Sub-expression sharing is a technique that can be applied to reduce the complexity of linear time-invariant non-recursive computations by identifying common patterns. It has recently been proposed that it is possible to improve the performance of single and multiple constant multiplication by identifying overlapping digit patterns. In this work we extend the concept of overlapping digit patterns to arbitrary shift dimensions, such as shift in time (FIR filters).
A Global View of the U.S. Investment Position

This paper analyzes various indicators of the U.S. international investment position from a portfolio perspective. The 1990s saw a decline in home bias, which, coupled with rapid financial deepening, led to a large increase in gross international investment holdings. The home bias of non-U.S. investors declined more rapidly than that of U.S. investors, allowing the United States to finance a rising stock of net liabilities, even as foreign portfolios remained marketweight or underweight U.S. assets in each investment category. However, a comparison to other countries reveals that the U.S. net international investment position (NIIP) is large given the size of the economy and is deteriorating, especially through a growing negative net debt securities position
A Call to Develop Evidence-based Interventions to Reduce Sexually Transmitted Infections in Juvenile Justice Populations

Sexually transmitted infections (STIs), including human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) risk, are a significant health issue for young women (ages 16–21), especially African Americans with a juvenile justice history. Studies have found that 44% of young African American women have had at least one STI compared to 24.1% for all young women. The rate of STIs among young women with juvenile justice histories, particularly African Americans, is likely much higher than their non-detained peers. Yet, there are few evidence-based interventions (EBIs) designed specifically for the detained population. In 2014, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention’s Compendium of Evidence-Based Interventions and Best Practices for HIV Prevention listed few programs that comprehensively included components related to mental health, intimate relationships and high risk sexual behaviors that would be salient for a detained population. Further, many EBIs have had limited or no long-term protective effect. We propose that interrelated factors (mental health, substance use, trauma and intimate relationships) can effectively decrease risk and increase protective behaviors for the detained population most at risk.
The Future for Fruit and Vegetable Distribution in Russia

The fruit and vegetable sector in Russia requires a completely remodelled distribution system. The traditional supply structure consists of a multi‐layered production base with large‐scale state farms and thousands of individuals growing crops on small plots. The greatest distribution problem exists at the storage, processing and retailing stage. A crisis now exists in most Russian cities where the command system has broken down but nothing has emerged to take its place. Requires aspects of the Western system including the concept of wholesale marketing and the presence of trading/distribution companies. Despite much discussion and consultancy advice progress remains modest and short‐ term problems of adaption are proving to be immense.