Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
ABDOMINAL TRAUMA AND BRAIN INJURY – DIFFICULT CONDIT ION , FREQUENT ASSOCIATION , SPECIFIC CONSEQUENCES FOR EMERGENCY MEDICAL PREHOSPITAL TEAM

Background: Brain injury provides a significant percentage of, preventable deaths '' in trauma, makes threaten in the highest degree the survival c h nce leads to definitive impairment of the brain functions, generates traumatic disability and concomitant lesion associations. Purpose of the paper is to highlight specific diagnosis but also manage ment and evolution medical issues that each of the two lesion types ge nerates and which can lead to misdiagnosis symptoms and signs. We focused on the specific ways trough abdominal an d brain injury interacts each other to produce a traumatic complex evolving and adding sec ondary traumatic effects In the same time we aimed to distinguish very parti cular emergency approach standards to minimize the risks of worsening evolution The method of study: We analyzed 398 patients assisted by the prehospita l teams related to ED County Hospital Craiova (2009 – 2012) with differen t association of multiple trauma lesions but significant abdominal and brain trauma association Conclusions: 1. Clinical examination data are difficult to anal yze in the presence of altered mental status and paraclinically resources must be widespread or syst ema ic used. 2. Cervical spine lesions or spinal shock hide most significantly clinical abdominal signs. 3. Neurogenic shock can create confusion in the hem orrhagic shock interpretation. 4. Secondary brain injury is maintained or worsenin g by the presence of shock, but overcorrection of those to. 5. General anesthesia should be early considered in tactics, techniques and means custom, which has undeniable benefits in combating shock and brai n protection 6. Temperature control should be considered
The Australian joint inquiry into the Protection of Human Genetic Information

The Australian Law Reform Commission (ALRC) and the Australian Health Ethics Committee are currently engaged in an inquiry into the Protection of Human Genetic Information. In particular, the Attorney-General and the Minister for Health and Ageing have asked us to focus, in relation to human genetic information and tissue samples, on how best to ensure world's best practice in relation to: privacy protection; protection against unlawful discrimination; and the maintenance of high ethical standards in medical research and clinical practice. While initial concerns and controversies have related mainly to aspects of medical research (e.g. consent; re-use of samples) and access to private insurance coverage, relevant issues arise in a wide variety of contexts, including: employment; medical practice; tissue banks and genetic databases; health administration; superannuation; access to government services (e.g. schools, nursing homes); law enforcement; and use by government authorities (e.g. for immigration purposes) or other bodies (e.g. by sports associations). Under the Australian federal system, it is also the case that laws and practices may vary across states and territories. For example, neonatal genetic testing is standard, but storage and retention policies for the resulting 'Guthrie cards' differ markedly. Similarly, some states have developed highly linked health information systems (e.g. incorporating hospitals, doctors' offices and public records), while others discourage such linkages owing to concerns about privacy. The challenge for Australia is to develop policies, standards and practices that promote the intelligent use of genetic information, while providing a level of security with which the community feels comfortable. The inquiry is presently reviewing the adequacy of existing laws and regulatory mechanisms, but recognizes that it will be even more important to develop a broad mix of strategies, such as community and professional education, and the development of official standards and industry codes that reflect emerging international best practice in this area.
Molecular effects of paclitaxel: Myths and reality (a critical review)

Recent studies on paclitaxel (Taxol), a microtubule‐stabilizing agent and effective anti‐cancer drug, have identified numerous cellular and molecular effects, such as induction of cytokines and tumor‐suppressor genes, indirect cytotoxicity due to secretion of tumor necrosis factor, vast activation of signal‐transduction pathways and selective activity against cells lacking functional p53. Some of these results, including the immediate activation of signaling pathways and gene expression, have been observed only with paclitaxel concentrations 1,000‐fold higher than those required for mitotic arrest and apoptosis. The effects of loss of p53 on paclitaxel cytotoxicity depend on cell type (normal murine fibroblasts vs. human cancer cells) and duration of exposure to paclitaxel; p53 status marginally affects paclitaxel sensitivity in human cancer. Although the biochemistry of mitosis and meiosis has been studied independently of research on the mechanism of action of anti‐cancer drugs, it eventually provided insight into the effects of paclitaxel. For example, serine protein phosphorylation, which occurs during mitotic arrest or meiosis, explains paclitaxel‐induced hyperphosphorylation of Bcl‐2 and Bcl‐xL. Although some observations are disputed, such mitotic arrest correlates with paclitaxel cytotoxicity, while there is currently no evidence that any paclitaxel effect at clinically relevant concentrations is independent of its tubulin‐binding properties. Thus, paclitaxel exerts two types of effect: mitotic arrest with coincidental serine protein phosphorylation and cytotoxicity at clinically relevant concentrations as well as immediate activation of tyrosine kinase pathways and activation of gene expression at much higher concentrations. Int. J. Cancer 83:151–156, 1999. © 1999 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Insight as a predictor of the outcome of first-episode nonaffective psychosis in a prospective cohort study in England.

OBJECTIVE To estimate the effect of insight on time to relapse and readmission and on social function and symptoms after following up a cohort of first-episodes of nonaffective psychosis for 18 months. METHOD Patients with first episodes of DSM-IV schizophreniform disorder, schizophrenia, schizoaffective disorder, delusional disorder, and psychosis not otherwise specified (excluding primary substance-induced or organic psychoses), aged 16 to 65 years, were recruited over the 26 months from July 1996 to September 1998 from consecutive admissions to day-patient and inpatient units in England with a catchment area population of 2.3 million. They were interviewed with the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale, Birchwood Insight Scale, and Social Functioning Scale at baseline and 18 months. RESULTS The hazard ratio for relapse, per unit increase in the insight score, was estimated in a Cox proportional hazards model to be 0.943 (95% CI = 0.892 to 0.996; p = .035). Those with the best insight scores had an estimated rate of relapse that was 39% of that of those with the worst scores (95% CI = 16% to 93%). Readmission was highly correlated with relapse, so poor insight also predicted readmission (hazard ratio 0.934; 95% CI = 0.876 to 0.996; p = .036). However, insight did not independently predict symptoms or social function after adjustment for other predictors of outcome. CONCLUSION Insight predicted both relapse and readmission. The details of the beliefs and assumptions determining outcome remain unclear, but intervening to alter them appears to be justified.
Determinants and Detection of Low Body Mass Index in Community-Dwelling Adults With Alzheimer's Disease

Objective: To determine the proportion of older adults with Alzheimer's disease presenting to a geriatric clinic with low body mass index (BMI), the proportion of these individuals recognized by clinicians as malnourished, and what patients' characteristics and caregivers' and clinicians' impressions are associated with low BMI. Design: Cross-sectional study. Setting: An outpatient geriatric clinic located in a university-affiliated teaching hospital. Participants: 340 patients with Alzheimer's disease, average age 75 years. Measurements: Individuals with a BMI below 21 were considered at risk of malnutrition. Physical examination and medical information were obtained from patients and caregivers by clinicians using a standardized assessment protocol. Clinicians' impression regarding evidence of malnutrition was obtained. Results: Forty-six patients (16%) had a BMI below 21. Clinicians reported evidence of potential malnutrition in 11 patients, 8 of whom had a BMI below 21. Using logistic regression, we found that women were five times more likely to have a BMI below 21 than men, and that individuals with low cognition were twice as likely to have a BMI below 21 than individuals with higher cognition. Conclusion: The proportion of patients with Alzheimer's disease with a BMI below 21 is similar to that encountered in the general population aged 65+. However, clinicians have difficulty identifying persons at risk of malnutrition according to BMI status. Women with low cognition were at increased risk of having a low BMI. Improvement in the detection of malnutrition is desirable. Further exploration of causal links between cognition and malnutrition is required.
Functional dyspepsia, upper gastrointestinal symptoms, and transit in children.

OBJECTIVE To assess the prevalence of abnormal gastric emptying and small bowel transit in children with functional dyspepsia at a tertiary care center, and the relationship between abnormal gastric and small bowel transit and symptoms in pediatric patients with functional gastrointestinal disorders. STUDY DESIGN Patients were selected by a cross-sectional chart review based on the following inclusion criteria: (1) completion of scintigraphic study of the gastric emptying of solids at 2 hours (GE2), 4 hours (GE4), and small bowel transit at 6 hours (SBT) using a standardized egg meal labeled with 99mTechnetium sulfur colloid, and (2) gastrointestinal (GI) complaints without mucosal or organic disease. Logistic regression analysis was used to assess the association between the presence of upper GI symptoms, and each parameter of gastric and small bowel transit. RESULTS Children with upper GI symptoms (n=96) were identified. Among 57 children with functional dyspepsia, 40% had slow SBT. Fast GE at 4 hours, and slow SBT were independently associated with bloating. Children with fast SBT were less likely to report abdominal pain. CONCLUSION Incorporating assessments of gastric and small bowel transit may be useful in the evaluation of pediatric patients with upper GI symptoms and functional dyspepsia.
Photovoltaic single-stage grid tied inverter with One-Cycle Control

Single-stage Single-phase grid tied inverter (GTI) is one among types of inverters widely used in photovoltaic (PV) generation system due to the advantages such as ruggedness, reliability, and cost effectiveness they offer. In this paper a modified One-Cycle Control (OCC)-based GTI single-stage PV system is proposed which do not require the service of a phase-locked loop for interfacing the inverter to the grid. To ensure minimum total harmonic distortion (THD) level of injected current, parameters of the OCC and single-stage inverter are obtained using differential evolution (DE) optimization algorithm. The proposed strategy is simple, easily implementable, and robust against variations of sun irradiance. The viability of the proposed methodology is confirmed by performing MATLAB™ Software simulation and experimental validation.
Crossing Frontiers in Tackling Pathways of Biological Invasions

Substantial progress has been made in understanding how pathways underlie and mediate biological invasions. However, key features of their role in invasions remain poorly understood, available knowledge is widely scattered, and major frontiers in research and management are insufficiently characterized. We review the state of the art, highlight recent advances, identify pitfalls and constraints, and discuss major challenges in four broad fields of pathway research and management: pathway classification, application of pathway information, management response, and management impact. We present approaches to describe and quantify pathway attributes (e.g., spatiotemporal changes, proxies of
APLIKASI PENGELOLAAN HONOR KORESPONDENSI DAERAH BERBASIS WEB (Studi Kasus: PT. Surya Citra Televisi)

PT.Surya Citra Televisi merupakan perusahaan yang bergerak dalam bidang jasa yaitu media peliputan berita baik dalam maupun luar negeri. PT.Surya Citra Televisi memiliki Departemen Pemberitaan. Departemen Pemberitaan belum memiliki aplikasi yang dapat membantu korespondensi dalam menerima data keuangan seperti honor dengan tepat waktu, dalam mengelola data korespondensi daerah, berita, melakukan proses evaluasi dan membantu dalam proses hitung honor karena terkadang terjadi kesalahan dalam pencatatan honor. Pada penelitian ini metode pengerjaan menggunakan model waterfall. Desain aplikasi yang dibuat ini akan menampilkan list honor untuk melihat honor yang belum dibayarkan, laporan honor untuk melihat honor yang telah dibayarkan, jurnal, dan buku besar. Kata Kunci: PT.Surya Citra Televisi, berita, honor
Situations matrimoniales et ménages des personnes âgées : quelles évolutions ? : Les nouvelles données démographiques

Au dernier recensement de 1999, la quasi-totalite des personnes de 60 ans et plus avaient connu une union mariee et une seule (87 %). A ces âges, les divorces comme les nouvelles unions sont rares et l'evenement le plus frequent qui vient modifier la situation domestique est la mort du compagnon de toujours. Le plus souvent, l'itineraire des personnes âgees est le suivant: vie en couple apres le depart des enfants, puis deces du conjoint et par la meme vie en solitaire du survivant et, le grand âge venu, prise en charge par la famille ou entree en institution. Mais, hommes et femmes n'ayant pas le meme risque de perdre leur conjoint, le parcours decrit ci-dessus est beaucoup plus frequemment celui des femmes, les hommes vivant le plus souvent en couple jusqu'a leur deces. En outre, si environ 12 millions de personnes ont aujourd'hui, en France, plus de 60 ans, 40 % d'entre elles ne faisaient pas partie de ce groupe d'âges au recensement de 1990 et pres de 34 % des effectifs initiaux sont morts avant 1999. Ce renouvellement des effectifs, extremement rapide, transforme le vecu de la retraite: dans nombre de domaines, les aines d'aujourd'hui sont fort differents de ceux d'hier. L'objectif de cet article est de souligner les principaux changements survenus, durant les dernieres decennies, dans la vie conjugale et les types de menage des personnes âgees. L'accent est egalement mis sur certaines evolutions futures, des a present previsibles car liees aux specificites des generations qui constitueront la population âgee de demain.
Implementation—A Critical Step in Ensuring Housing Policy Success

We often talk about housing policy in the abstract, divorced from the reality of implementation. This is understandable—it can be complicated enough to debate the relative merits of different policy options without introducing the added complexity of variations in how policies are implemented by local and state actors. Although I continue to believe in the value of developing and evaluating more innovative policy approaches (see, e.g., Lubell, 2014, 2016), I focus in this essay on the more difficult issue of how to build the capacity of local government to implement stronger and more effective housing policies and programs. This is a matter of considerable urgency, since housing affordability is worsening in many of the nation’s large metro areas. This is also an area where bipartisan collaboration is not only possible but essential, since the policy tools that need to be implemented reflect ideas from both sides of the aisle, and the ultimate agent of implementation is local government, minimizing federalism concerns. Stronger implementation should also appeal to individuals across the political spectrum interested in increasing efficiency and return on investment. Although the nature and quality of implementation likely matter in many different areas of housing policy, I focus here on two areas that illustrate key implementation challenges:
Impact on poverty and income inequality in Malaysia’s economic growth

Poverty and income inequality are extreme issues that still exist in Malaysia. Any rise in poverty and income inequality definitely affect economic growth. There are many great efforts taken by the government of Malaysia to eradicate poverty and to reduce the gap of income inequality which occurs since 1970’s. The incidence of poverty and income inequality is higher in rural areas compared to urban areas. This paper is mainly to study the level of poverty and income inequality in Malaysia together with government intervention to develop Malaysia’s economic growth. The research is focused among the working people at Ipoh, Perak. In this paper, questionnaire forms are being distributed to get information regarding the issue of poverty and income inequality. It also looks into the strategies taken by the government of Malaysia to eradicate poverty and income inequality. Few recommendations are given in terms of education policy, financial aid and assistance from government and non-government organization (NGO) to upgrade the standard and quality of living among the poor and lower-income group of people.
Complex Endogenous Growth Model and Its Applications

In this paper, social complex systems are applied to the endogenous economic growth model. It is discussed that the economic growth put forward in Romerâ€™s endogenous growth model is not continuous, but is rather in the functional shape of the bifurcations known to the natural sciences. The author has proposed that the level of development (factor A in a classic growth model) should be the superposition of the structures of science and real economy in the observed country. The conclusion is drawn that closer correspondence between business and RD and (ii) a greater resilience to external shocks. This is especially important for small open economies with distinct cultures and languages (e.g. Estonia), that should simultaneously increase its citizens well-being, but must account for exogenous economic and technological factors. It is concluded that under the assumptions of complexity, a stateâ€™s economic growth model should (i) strive for horizontally and vertically diversified risks, as well as (ii) assume that none of its societyâ€™s members is left behind in terms of education, employment, and general wellbeing.
TERT Promoter Mutations in Familial and Sporadic Melanoma

Promoter Mutations and Cancer Cancer genome sequencing projects have highlighted the pathogenic role of recurrent mutations within the protein-coding regions of genes. Now, two studies suggest that the scope of mutations in human tumors extends to gene regulatory regions. In a study of 70 melanomas, Huang et al. (p. 957, published online 24 January) found that 71% harbored one of two specific mutations in the promoter region of TERT, the gene coding for the catalytic subunit of telomerase, the enzyme that caps chromosome ends. Independently, Horn et al. (p. 959, published online 24 January) identified a disease-segregating germline mutation in the TERT promoter in a family predisposed to melanoma and found additional TERT promoter mutations in a high percentage of sporadic melanomas and melanoma cell lines. The mutations in both studies generated new binding sites for specific transcription factors and, in reporter assays, caused an increase in transcription. A large fraction of human melanomas harbor mutations in sequences that regulate the expression of telomerase. Cutaneous melanoma occurs in both familial and sporadic forms. We investigated a melanoma-prone family through linkage analysis and high-throughput sequencing and identified a disease-segregating germline mutation in the promoter of the telomerase reverse transcriptase (TERT) gene, which encodes the catalytic subunit of telomerase. The mutation creates a new binding motif for Ets transcription factors and ternary complex factors (TCFs) near the transcription start and, in reporter gene assays, caused up to twofold increase in transcription. We then screened the TERT promoter in sporadic melanoma and observed recurrent ultraviolet signature somatic mutations in 125 of 168 (74%) of human cell lines derived from metastatic melanomas, 45 of 53 corresponding metastatic tumor tissues (85%), and 25 of 77 (33%) primary melanomas. The majority of those mutations occurred at two positions in the TERT promoter and also generated binding motifs for Ets/TCF transcription factors.
Power and Silence: Australian Media Portrayal of Israeli and Palestinian Casualties during the Gaza War of 2014

At one stage of the long-lasting Israeli–Palestinian conflict, Israel launched a military operation, Protective Edge, on the Gaza Strip in July–August of 2014. As a consequence, approximately 2,280 people died and over 11,000 people were injured, the majority of them Palestinian civilians (including children and women). These numerous casualties resulted in a pronounced interest in this particular event by international media such as CNN and the BBC, as well as other Western media including the Australian media. This paper investigates how Australian print and online media portrayed the Israeli and Palestinian casualties during the 2014 Israeli war on Gaza. Specifically, through using critical discourse analysis, it examines how the casualties were represented by four Australian news sources: The Australian, The Sydney Morning Herald, ABC and Crikey. Based on the concept of framing theory (a technique used to shape an event or issue, reflecting the power embedded in media texts), the paper analyses news items published in Australian mainstream media during the 2014 Israeli war on Gaza to identify the frames employed in reporting Israeli and Palestinian casualties. The conflict frame was dominant in the Australian print and online media coverage of casualties during the Gaza War of 2014. As a result, this coverage did not provide the contexts of news stories about casualties who were portrayed in a statistical frame. Officials and medics’ voices were dominant, while the voices of Israeli and Palestinian casualties themselves were largely excluded from the Australian media representations of Gaza War casualties.
Valuing lives and life years: anomalies, implications, and an alternative

Abstract Many government interventions seek to reduce the risk of death. The value of preventing a fatality (VPF) is the monetary amount associated with each statistical death that an intervention can be expected to prevent. The VPF has been estimated using a preference-based approach, either by observing market behaviour (revealed preferences) or by asking hypothetical questions that seek to replicate the market (stated preferences). The VPF has been shown to differ across and within these methods. In theory, the VPF should vary according to factors such as baseline and background risk, but, in practice, the estimates vary more by theoretically irrelevant factors, such as the starting point in stated preference studies. This variation makes it difficult to choose one unique VPF. The theoretically irrelevant factors also affect the estimates of the monetary value of a statistical life year and the value of a quality-adjusted life year. In light of such problems, it may be fruitful to focus more research efforts on generating the VPF using an approach based on the subjective well-being associated with different states of the world.