Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Effects of CO2 on H2O band profiles and band strengths in mixed H2O:CO2 ices

Context. H2O is the most abundant component of astrophysical ices. In most lines of sight it is not possible to fit both the H 2O 3 µm stretching, the 6 µm bending and the 13 µm libration band intensities with a single pure H2O spectrum. Recent Spitzer observations have revealed CO2 ice in high abundances and it has been suggested that CO2 mixed into H2O ice can affect the positions, shapes and relative strengths of the 3 µm and 6 µm bands. Aims. We investigate whether the discrepancy in intensity between H2O bands in interstellar clouds and star forming regions can be explained by CO2 mixed into the observed H2O ice affecting the bands differently. Methods. Laboratory infrared transmission spectroscopy is used to record spectra of H2O:CO2 ice mixtures at astrophysically relevant temperatures and composition ratios. Results. The H2O peak profiles and band strengths are significantly di fferent in H2O:CO2 ice mixtures compared to pure H2O ice. The ratio between the strengths of the 3 µm and 6 µm bands drops linearly with CO2 concentration such that it is 50% lower in a 1:1 mixture compared to pure H2O ice. In all H2O:CO2 mixtures, a strong free-OH stretching band appears around 2.73 µm, which can be used to put an upper limit on the CO2 concentration in the H2O ice. The H2O bending mode profile also changes drastically with CO 2 concentration; the broad pure H2O band gives way to two narrow bands as the CO2 concentration is increased. This makes it crucial to constr ain the environment of H2O ice to enable correct assignments of other species contributing t o the interstellar 6 µm absorption band. The amount of CO2 present in the H2O ice of B5:IRS1 is estimated by simultaneously comparing the H2O stretching and bending regions and the CO2 bending mode to laboratory spectra of H2O, CO2, H2O:CO2 and HCOOH.
Biometric Methods for Applications in Biomedicine

Objectives: The aim of this paper is to analyze current state of use of biometrics in computer security. Methods: This paper provides an overview of the most commonly used anatomical-physiological and behavioral biometric identification methods. Results: The result of the work will be a new set of methods, which allows reliable identification of the user in the most comfortable way. Conclusions: These new principles of data security will be used to enhance the protection of specialized health record. This will contribute to expansion of generally conceived EHR MUDR concept to other application areas.
Recruitment, Job Choice, and Post-Hire Consequences: A Call For New Research Directions

Excerpt] "Technology in employee selection is more highly developed than in recruiting or placement; therefore, the major emphasis is on selection Recruiting or placement are not less important processes; to the contrary, they probably are more vital and more profitable to the organization. An organization's success in recruiting defines the applicant population with which it will work; selection is more pleasant, if not easier, when any restriction of range or skewness of distribution is attributable to an overabundance of well-qualified applicants. Unfortunately,the contributions and confusions of the literature, the central social pressures, and the facts of contemporary practice conspire to place the emphasis on selection" (pp. 777779)
Relationships of daily mortality and hospital admissions to air pollution in Castilla-León, Spain

We examined the possible relationships between pollutant concentrations and mortality at seven different locations of Castilla-Leon, Spain, and the relationships between such concentration levels and emergency admissions (morbidity) at four hospitals in the region, taking into account the possible masking effect of other atmospheric variables. The study was based on daily mortality and morbidity data from 1995 to 1997 (ICD-9 codes: 390-459 cardiovascular; 460-519 respiratory; 520-579 digestive causes); moreover, data for meteorological variables (air temperature, relative humidity, solar radiation, atmospheric pressure and wind velocity) and air pollution data (SO 2 , O 3 , NO, NO 2 and CO) were used. A minimum set of weather and pollutant predictors was selected using forward inclusion stepwise linear regression methods and these were used to produce a multivariate model of the different causes of mortality and morbidity. For the whole period, the mortality attributable to cardiovascular causes had an incidence higher than the mortality due to respiratory and digestive causes. The frequency distributions corresponding to the different diseases as classified by ages revealed that the population older than 69 is the most affected, the proportion of cardiovascular diseaserelated deaths in this age sector being 7-fold higher than for the rest of the groups. Mortality and morbidity due to respiratory and cardiovascular-related diseases showed a high correlation coefficient with temperature, solar radiation and ozone, and in general significant correlations were also seen with SO 2 .
Suplemen antioksidan dari bahan alam dan sintetis dapat digunakan untuk mengobati atau mencegah kelainan yang disebabkan oleh radikal bebas. Tumbuhan engkuduk talun (Fagraea racemosa) banyak terdapat di hutan Kalimantan Timur, masyarakat setempat menggunakan kayu pohon tersebut untuk kayu bakar dan 

Engkuduk talun plant (Fagraea racemosa) grows in Ea st Kalimantan forest. Stages Extraction research of petroleum eter-cloroform-metanol from l eaves, root skin, root, stem skin and Fagraea racemosa’s stem toward radical 2,2-diphenyl -1-picrylhydrazil (DPPH) is proven that the extract of methanol leaves have the strongest s cavenger effect, this can be interpreted that the leaves have the strongest antioxidant potency f rom all plant parts that have been examined. The given single dose 1 gram/kg b.w of t he methanol extract from Fagraea racemosa leaves do not caused the death at the fema le Wistar rats. On the inhibitor test of forming MDA of rat’s liver the very high of absorba nce value has accurred on control by CCl 4 ( 0.508 ± 0.039 ), significant if compared to CCl 4 added with the vitamin E ( 0.224 ± 0.006 ) and CCl 4 added with three doses of methanol extract from the Fagraea racemosa’s leaves (
Traveling Transportation Problem Optimization by Adaptive Current Search Method

The adaptive current search (ACS) is one of the novel metaheuristic optimization search techniques proposed for solving the combinatorial optimization problems. This paper aimed to present the application of the ACS to optimize the real-world traveling transportation problems (TTP) of a specific car factory. The total distance of the selected TTP is performed as the objective function to be minimized in order to decrease the vehicle’s energy. To perform its effectiveness, four real-world TTP problems are conducted. Results obtained by the ACS are compared with those obtained by genetic algorithm (GA), tabu search (TS) and current search (CS). As results, the ACS can provide very satisfactory solutions superior to other algorithms. The minimum total distance and the minimum vehicle’s energy of all TTP problems can be achieved by the ACS with the distant error of no longer than 3.05%.
Interpreting experimental fracture toughness results of quasi-brittle natural materials through multi-parameter approaches

Natural stones like marbles are often employed as facade panels to externally cover buildings. These natural materials tend to exhibit a quasi-brittle nonlinear fracture behaviour which, conversely to concrete counterpart, has much less been studied in the literature. In the present paper, an experimental campaign on the so-called red Verona marble is carried out, and the results are discussed together with some previously published results on the white Carrara marble. The analysis of the two marbles as a whole allows us to discuss size effect and to point out the need for additional parameters in order to describe their fracture behaviour. The study focuses on a two-parameter model which accounts for a characteristic material length. A quantitative correlation between material microstructure features, obtained from thin sections technique, and the characteristic material length is proposed.
Fog-water harvesting along the West Coast of South Africa: a feasibility study

Many parts of the West Coast of South Africa experience severe water shortages throughout the year. Despite the meager rainfall, however, the region is subject to a high incidence of fog which might provide water for water-poor communities. This paper investigates the fog water potential of the area. Since fog water collection rates are to some extent dependent upon the spatial and temporal characteristics of fog, these aspects were investigated. Pilot fog collectors were erected at six West Coast sites and the water collection rates measured over a three to four year period. It was found that the incidence of fog is mostly confined to the coastal zone below the 200 m contour line with fog frequency decreasing with latitude within this zone. The highest water collection rates were recorded at Cape Columbine where volumes in excess of 2.5 /m 2 of collecting surface can be expected to be collected per day. Of this, approximately 90% is due to fog deposition alone, while rainfall contributes to the remaining 10%. The quality of the water is good and fit for human consumption.
Flexible employment and cross-regional adjustment

Employment flexibility is commonly associated to greater labour mobility and thus faster cross-regional adjustments. The literature however offers very little hard evidence on this and quite limited theoretical guidance. This paper examines empirically the relationship between employment flexibility and cross-regional adjustment (migration) at the regional and local levels in the UK. Employment flexibility is associated to higher labour mobility (but only at a rather localised scale) and at the same time seems to reduce the responsiveness of migration to unemployment. This suggest that rising flexibility may be linked to higher persistence in spatial disparities, as intra-regional adjustments are strengthened while extraregional adjustments weakened.
Power and coherence matters: How perceived group organization increases atheist prejudice

iii ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS . iv LIST OF TABLES.vii CHAPTER ONE: INTRODUCTION Prejudice Against Atheists . 1 Factors that Reduce Anti-Atheist Prejudice . 6 CHAPTER TWO: PILOT DATA . 10 CHAPTER THREE: METHOD Participants . 12 Measures . 13 Atheist Prevalence and Power/Coherence Manipulation.13 Atheist Distrust . 14 Atheists are the Cause of Moral Decline . 15 Religious Belief . 15 Political Orientation . 16 Alternative Explanations . 16 Manipulation Checks . 17 CHAPTER FOUR: RESULTS Data Screening . 18 Outliers . 18 Normality . 18 Manipulation Checks. 18 Tests of Hypotheses 1-3 . 19
Spectral representation of transition density of Fisher–Snedecor diffusion

We analyse spectral properties of an ergodic heavy-tailed diffusion with the Fisher–Snedecor invariant distribution and compute spectral representation of its transition density. The spectral representation is given in terms of a sum involving finitely many eigenvalues and eigenfunctions (Fisher–Snedecor orthogonal polynomials) and an integral over the absolutely continuous spectrum of the corresponding Sturm–Liouville operator. This result enables the computation of the two-dimensional density of the Fisher–Snedecor diffusion as well as calculation of moments of the form , where m and n are at most equal to the number of Fisher–Snedecor polynomials. This result is particularly important for explicit calculations associated with this process.
Contraception and Sexuality in Heterosexual Emerging Adult Women

iii LIST OF TABLES . v INTRODUCTION . 1 METHOD . 20 RESULTS . 25 DISCUSSION . 34 REFERENCES . 56 APPENDIX A. SEXUAL SELF-SCHEMA SCALE . 65 APPENDIX B. SEXUAL ATTITUDES SCALE . 67
Simulation of Opinion Mining in Hindi Language

Textual information in the world can be broadly classified into two main categories, facts and opinions. Facts are objective statements about entities and events in the world. Opinions are subjective statements that reflect people"s sentiments or perceptions about the entities and events. Sentiment analysis (also known as opinion mining) refers to the use of NLP, text analysis and computational linguistics to identify and extract subjective information in source materials. This information is unstructured, however, and because it"s produced for human consumption, it"s not something that"s machine process able. The opinions of users are helpful for the public and for stakeholders when making certain decisions. Opinion mining is a way to retrieve information through search engines, Web blogs and social networks. Because of the huge number of reviews in the form of unstructured text, it is impossible to summarize the information manually. Although commonly used interchangeably to denote the same field of study, opinion mining and sentiment analysis actually focus on polarity detection and emotion recognition, respectively Research in opinion mining mostly carried out in English language but it is very important to perform the opinion mining in Hindi language also as large amount of information in Hindi is also available on the Web.
Overcoming Positivism in Economics: Amartya Sen’s Project of Infusing Ethics into Economics

Logical Positivism, which arose in philosophy early in the twentieth century, proclaimed the sharp distinction between facts and values. Despite objections at the time, positivism was imported into economics in the 1930s. Over time, objections lessened; economics was transformed and ethical considerations were driven out of its core. In the 1950s, debates about positivism arose within the discipline which had exported it. According to the American philosopher Hilary Putnam, the fact/value distinction is now discredited in philosophy. If that is so, the methodological foundations of contemporary economics are also discredited. This paper examines Amartya Sen’s moral science of economics. First, it presents his historical account of the connections between economics and ethics. Sen claims that there was a close connection between the two until positivism was imported. Second, it sketches some of Sen’s ethical objections to modern economics, which is still suffering from positivism. Finally, it lays out some of his ideas on how economics can be returned to an ethical path. Once the ground has been cleared of positivism, ethics can re-emerge in economics in various ways. One path has been marked out by Sen.
Direct driven axial flux permanent magnet generator for small scale wind power applications

Small-scale wind power applications require a cost effective and mechanically simple generator in order to be a reliable energy source. The use of direct driven generators, instead of geared machines, reduces the number of drive components, which offers the opportunity to reduce costs and increases system reliability and efficiency. For such applications, characterized by low speed of rotation, the axial flux permanent magnet generator is particularly suited, since it can be designed with a large pole number and high torque density. This paper presents an axial flux permanent magnet synchronous generator, double sided with internal rotor and slotted stators. Such a structure gives a good compromise between performance characteristics and feasibility of construction. The design process of the machine is described and validated by test experiments.
Assessing the Trend in Rental Values of Commercial Properties in Commercial Hub of Akure, Nigeria

Commercial property investment which is now very evident along Oyemekun Road, Akure, Nigeria, a place characterized hither to with residential deve lopment leaves investors at dark with the choice of commercial property investment. The commercial properties evident in the study area are Purpose-built office space, Converted office space and Shopping Complex. In a bid to lead investors aright on the be st decision of the type of property to invest their ha rd earned income in, a study was conducted to asses s the trends in rental values of the properties between 2 006 and 2011 in order to discover the property with the highest trend. This study which is a cross-sectiona l research that entailed the survey of the entire 2 2 Estate Surveying Firms in the study area made use of quest ionnaires as the primary source of data. The use of both descriptive and inferential statistical techniques such as the frequency distribution table and the si mple linear regression, and Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) was adopted in analyzing data. From the study it w as discovered that the converted office space is mostl y predominant (53%) while the shopping complex is the most professionally managed property (46%) respectively. However, the purpose built office space with the highest R 2 of 0.9 and having the highest trend in rental valu es will result to the fastest recoup of investment. The use of (ANOVA) coupled with Tukey post-hoc test reveals that the rental values of three properties at the 95% confidence level are significantly differen t ( p=0.000). Based on the study findings, it is recommended that the purpose built office space wit h the highest rent and trend should be the focus of both investors and professional managing agents in order to maximize returns.
Temporal and Spatial Distribution of Trees in Subalpine Meadows of Mount Rainier National Park, Washington, U.S.A.

Tree establishment patterns vary considerably at different locations in the subalpine zone of Mount Rainier National Park, with substantial temporal variation in regeneration of subalpine fir (Abies lasiocarpa). Recruitment in subalpine meadows has been continuous on the west side of Mount Rainier since about 1930, but has occurred in short, discrete periods on the east side. Variation in snowpack from west to east on the mountain has a substantial impact on climatic factors that limit tree establishment. Warm, dry summer climate facilitates tree establishment on the west side where snowpacks are generally very high; cool, wet summer climate enhances tree establishment on the east side where snowpacks are lower. Density of tree establishment is significantly greater in heath-shrub (ericaceous) vegetation than in other vegetation types. Within heath-shrub vegetation types, tree establishment is highest at lower elevations, on topographic convexities, and in plant communities dominated by Phyllodoce empetriformis. Survival of subalpine fir seedlings during the first 3 yr after germination is significantly greater in heath-shrub vegetation than other vegetation types. If the climate becomes warmer and drier during the next century, continued rapid regeneration of trees can be expected in subalpine meadows on the west side of Mount Rainier National Park. This may result in displacement of wildflower meadows that are an attraction for park visitors. A better understanding of climatic and environmental limitations on tree establishment will assist resource managers in developing sound management strategies for subalpine ecosystems.
Implication of Cell Phone Usage on Study Patterns of Teens

Cell phone usage has become worldwide commodity for every person regardless of their ages. Over the years, teenagers within the age bracket of thirteen to nineteen are more vulnerable towards the use of the technology in a negative way. The study approached the implication of cell phone usage on study patterns of teens in relation with searching useful information and irrelevant information while they are studying. The study sampled 100 students within the age of 13 to 19 year. The students were selected across different levels of education for proper representations of the population; t-test and crosstabulation together with graphical representation (3D bars charts) were used to analyse the data. Among others, the findings show that female students did use cell phone to source useful information than male. In contrary, ages of students do not imply use of cell phone for either useful or irrelevant information. Lastly, the higher the level of a student the more the student source for useful information via cell phones. It is recommended that proper monitoring should be applied in schools regarding the use of cell phone for other things except academic purposes because children of today are the leaders of tomorrow. Keywords— Cell Phone, Study Pattern, Teens, Teenagers
THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN FEAR OF FALLING AND BALANCE IN COMMUNITY-DWELLING OLDER PEOPLE

Girifl: Bu çal›flman›n amac›, toplum içinde yaflayan yafll›larda Uluslararas› Düflme Etkinlik Skalas›n›n Türkçe versiyonu ile de¤erlendirilen düflme korkusu ile denge aras›ndaki iliflkiyi araflt›rmakt›. Gereç ve Yöntem: Çal›flmaya 100 gönüllü dahil edildi. Kat›l›mc›larda; Uluslararas› Düflme Etkinlik Skalas› ile düflme korkusu, Kalk ve Yürü Testi ile denge ve yürüme, Berg Denge Skalas› ile denge, Modifiye Barthel ‹ndeksi ile dizabilite düzeyi de¤erlendirildi. Bulgular: Uluslararas› Düflme Etkinlik Skalas› skorlar› ve Kalk ve Yürü Testi, kad›nlarda ve 70 yafl üzerindekilerde anlaml› olarak yüksek, BDS skorlar› anlaml› olarak düflüktü (p<0.05). Uluslararas› Düflme Etkinlik Skalas› skorlar› Kalk ve Yürü Testi ile pozitif, Berg Denge Skalas› ile negatif yönde korele idi (p<0<001). Ayr›ca yafl ile BDS aras›nda negatif korelasyon (p<0.05) ve yafl ile Kalk ve Yürü Testi ve Uluslararas› Düflme Etkinlik Skalas› aras›nda pozitif korelasyon saptand› (p<0.001). Yafl, Modified Barthel Indeksi, Kalk ve Yürü Testi ve Berg Denge Skalas› skorlar›; Uluslararas› Düflme Etkinlik Skalas› skoru ? 24 olan kat›l›mc›larda skoru <24 olan kat›l›mc›lara göre anlaml› olarak yüksekti (p<0.05). Yap›lan regresyon analizinde, Uluslararas› Düflme Etkinlik Skalas› skorlar› ile en anlaml› iliflki Berg Denge Skalas› skorlar› ve Kalk ve Yürü Testi aras›ndayd› (p<0.001). Uluslararas› Düflme Etkinlik Skalas› skorlar› ile yafl (p=0.004) ve cinsiyet (p=0.017) de iliflkiliydi. Sonuç: Toplumda yaflayan yafll›larda düflme korkusu ile denge aras›nda olas› bir iliflki vard›r ve bu etkileflim geriatrik rehabilitasyonda özellikle de yafll› kad›nlarda göz önünde bulundurulmal›d›r. Anahtar Sözcükler: Yafll›; Düflme; Denge; Endifle. ABSTRACT