Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
An Engineer’s View of Hair Cell Function: A Theory of Capacitive Transduction

Using an engineering perspective which is looking at the hair cells cilia as a total entity interacting with its neighboring cilia along their entire length, a theory of capacitive transduction is developed. This larger scaled view of cilia interaction suggests that transduction may be achieved through a mechanically controlled variable capacitor in the cilia bundle. A brief review of some seldom considered facts about electrical capacitors supports the hypothesis presented. Experimental measurements of hair cell reversal potential and ionic conditions surrounding the cilia during transduction, long reported in the biophysical literature, also support a capacitive hypothesis of transduction.
An Enhanced Approach for Using Data Visualization for Sentiment Analysis and Auto Summarization Data

With the rapid increase in the size of the data over the internet there is a need for new studies for text data summarization and representation; rather than storing the full text or reading the full text we can store and read a summary that represent the original text. Furthermore, there is a need also to represent the summarized text with visual representation; one picture worth ten thousandwords. In this paper we propose an approach for visual representation of the summarized text;visual resources give creative control over how message is perceived andprovide a faster way to know what where the text about.This approach were implemented and tested on a sample of two datasets one of 50 texts and the other dataset of 80 positive and negative movie comments, the evaluation has been done visually and the percent of success cases has been reported, the precision and recall has been calculated.
THE SCIENTIST, THE SOCIAL ACTIVIST, THE PRACTITIONER AND THE CLERIC: PEDAGOGICAL EXPLORATION TOWARDS A PEDAGOGY OF PRACTICE

This paper is an initial effort to address two pressing issues facing architectural education: 1) the scarcity of critical engagement of the pedagogical approaches employed in architectural education; and 2) the rift between the academic community and the practice of architecture as discussed in the Carnegie Report (Boyer and Mitgang, 1996). Although the views of specific individuals may change over time, underlying personal pedagogues are implicit world views which shape and affect how human activity is conceived, the definition of what construes knowledge, and how that knowledge is learned. All of these, in turn, affect how one teaches, researches, and practices. The paper illustrates that there is a range of pedagogues within architectural education but that the approach that is most espoused but least utilized and therefore least well-developed is that which tries to adopt the epistemological assumptions of architectural practice. The paper suggests that practice operates within a systemic world of social meaning, where the line between ontology and epistemology are blurred and that at the core of practice is human agency. The opportunities and difficulties with such a pedagogy are briefly outlined. Journal of Architectural and Planning Research 18:1 (Spring, 2001) 59
Insight into contractors’ competitiveness at Most Economically Advantageous Tenders in the Dutch construction sector

Increased application of Most Economically Advantageous Tenders (MEAT) in the Dutch construction sector changes contractors’ tender processes. They are no longer requested to execute fully specified projects for the lowest price, but contractors are asked to come up with solutions themselves. This offers new opportunities to compete at tenders. Therefore the applicability of insights from three theories has been researched to increase the understanding of competitiveness at MEAT tenders: two generic theories related to firms´ competitiveness - Porter’s positioning theory and Barney’s resource-based view - and the construction specific emphasizes on the process of organizational learning. The applicability has been researched by means of semi structured interviews within a major Dutch construction firm. The generic theories become more relevant due to new differentiation opportunities. Construction specific characteristics remain nevertheless intact, causing the importance of organizational learning to remain just as relevant.
Examining the impact of microfinance services - increasing income or reducing poverty?

When examining the income impacts of microfinance programmes, it is important to recognize that there is a significant difference between increasing income and reducing poverty. Despite the prevailing emphasis on raising incomes as the central objective of development programmes, the two are not synonymous. Clearly, the use to which income is put is as important in determining poverty and welfare as the level of income itself - increased income can be (and often is) gambled away. It is also important to recognize that poverty is neither linear nor static, and that today's not-so-poor may well be tomorrow's poorest- and vice versa. It is for this reason that the poor place so much emphasis on diversifying their sources of income, since this reduces their exposure to catastrophic income loss. Finally, in the context of the drive to create businesses that provide jobs, the differences between the quality of formal and informal sector employment must be noted. These differences also explain why, for many, hav.
Weather on Other Worlds. IV. Hα Emission and Photometric Variability Are Not Correlated in L0–T8 Dwarfs

Recent photometric studies have revealed that surface spots that produce flux variations are present on virtually all L and T dwarfs. Their likely magnetic or dusty nature has been a much-debated problem, the resolution to which has been hindered by paucity of diagnostic multi-wavelength observations. To test for a correlation between magnetic activity and photometric variability, we searched for Hα emission among eight L3–T2 ultra-cool dwarfs with extensive previous photometric monitoring, some of which are known to be variable at 3.6 μm or 4.5 μm. We detected Hα only in the non-variable T2 dwarf 2MASS J12545393−0122474. The remaining seven objects do not show Hα emission, even though six of them are known to vary photometrically. Combining our results with those for 86 other L and T dwarfs from the literature show that the detection rate of Hα emission is very high (94%) for spectral types between L0 and L3.5 and much smaller (20%) for spectral types ≥L4, while the detection rate of photometric variability is approximately constant (30%–55%) from L0 to T8 dwarfs. We conclude that chromospheric activity, as evidenced by Hα emission, and large-amplitude photometric variability are not correlated. Consequently, dust clouds are the dominant driver of the observed variability of ultra-cool dwarfs at spectral types, at least as early as L0.
Drying Parameters of Half-Cut and Ground Figs (Ficus carica L.) var. Mission and the Effect on Their Functional Properties

Drying of ground and half-cut figs (Ficus carica L., var. Mission) was investigated at three temperatures (45, 55, and 65°C). Their effective moisture diffusivity () was estimated by using the slope method. values for ground figs were 5.15 × 10−10, 9.96 × 10−10, 1.07 × 10−9 m2 s−1 and for half cut figs 5.88 × 10−10, 1.66 × 10−9, and 2.08 × 10−9 m2 s−1 at 45, 55, and 65°C, respectively. Dehydrating fig samples showed a similar behavior: higher values at higher temperatures and activation energy () values in the range of other foodstuffs. Half-cut figs needed about twice more energy and time than ground figs to carry out the dehydration; values were 56.86 and 28.21 kJ mol−1, respectively. The drying process increased the total phenolic content and degraded the anthocyanin content of figs; however, it enhanced the dried figs antioxidant activity. Dehydrating ground figs was faster and maintained its functional properties better than half-cut figs.
Antioxidant activity of some promising wild edible fruits

Five species of promising wild edible fruits e.g. Gmelina arborea Roxb, Oroxylum indicum (L.) Vent, Bauhinia recemosa Lam. Caryota urens L and Zanthoxylum rhetsa (Roxb.) DC from Kolhapur district, M.S.(India) were analysed for their antioxidant activities using the DPPH (2,2-Diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl) free radical scavenging activity, ferric reducing antioxidant property(FRAP), reducing power ability, chelating activity on ferrous ion and total antioxidant capacity. The total phenol content varied from 0.061±0.29 (Zanthoxylum rhetsa ) to 0.500±0.012 g/100g FW(Caryota urens). All species tested except Z.rhesta showed antioxidant activity at least in one assay. The result indicates that could be utilized as potential source of natural antioxidant in the food or in pharmaceutical industry
MANUFACTURING AND CHARACTERIZATION OF CARBON NANOTUBE/POLYETHYLENE COMPOSITES

The present study describes a method to fabricate polymer matrix nanocomposites by reinforcing multi-walled carbon nanotubes through an extrusion process. Linear low density polyethylene (LLDPE) powder and multi-walled carbon nanotubes (CNTs) are first dry mixed and extruded in the form of filaments by a single screw extrusion process. After extrusion, the filament is partially cooled by chilled air, dried, and continuously wound in a spool. The filaments are then laid in roving, stacked in a unidirectional fashion, and consolidated in a compression molding machine to come up with laminated composites. Thermo gravimetric analysis (TGA) has been performed to compare the thermal stability of as-fabricated composites with the neat polymer. The TGA result shows that the extruded composites are thermally more stable than their neat counterparts. The crystalline nature of CNTs and of as-fabricated composites were identified by X-ray diffraction (XRD) studies. The XRD results indicate that the nanocomposite materials are more crystalline than the neat systems, and the differential scanning calorimetry studies also confirmed the same trend. The scanning electron microscopy result showed that the sizes of extruded neat and nanophased filaments were about 117 and 73 µm, respectively. Tensile coupons from the consolidated panels were then extracted both in longitudinal (0◦) and in transverse (90◦) directions and tested in a Minimat Tester. It was found that with the addition of 2% by weight of CNTs in LLDPE, the tensile strength and modulus of the composite has increased by about 34 and 38%, respectively. The (0◦ )a nd (90 ◦) coupons have also demonstrated that there are directional effects in the tensile response, which is believed to have been caused by the alignment of CNTs during the extrusion process. It is our understanding that such improvement in properties is because of the increase in crystallinity of the polymer due to CNT infusion, and also due to the alignment of CNTs in the extrusion direction in the nanocomposites.
Advancing the Transition to a High Performance Rural Health System

Advancing the Transition to a High Performance Rural Health System Charles Alfero MA Andrew F. Coburn PhD University of Southern Maine, Muskie School of Public Service, Maine Rural Health Research Center Jennifer P. Lundblad PhD, MBA Stratis Health A. Clinton MacKinney MD, MS University of Iowa, College of Public Health Timothy D. McBride PhD Washington University in St. Louis, Brown School of Social Work
Molecular corridors and parameterizations of volatility in the chemical evolution of organic aerosols

Abstract. The formation and aging of organic aerosols (OA) proceed through multiple steps of chemical reaction and mass transport in the gas and particle phases, which is challenging for the interpretation of field measurements and laboratory experiments as well as accurate representation of OA evolution in atmospheric aerosol models. Based on data from over 30 000 compounds, we show that organic compounds with a wide variety of functional groups fall into molecular corridors, characterized by a tight inverse correlation between molar mass and volatility. We developed parameterizations to predict the saturation mass concentration of organic compounds containing oxygen, nitrogen, and sulfur from the elemental composition that can be measured by soft-ionization high-resolution mass spectrometry. Field measurement data from new particle formation events, biomass burning, cloud/fog processing, and indoor environments were mapped into molecular corridors to characterize the chemical nature of the observed OA components. We found that less-oxidized indoor OA are constrained to a corridor of low molar mass and high volatility, whereas highly oxygenated compounds in atmospheric water extend to high molar mass and low volatility. Among the nitrogen- and sulfur-containing compounds identified in atmospheric aerosols, amines tend to exhibit low molar mass and high volatility, whereas organonitrates and organosulfates follow high O : C corridors extending to high molar mass and low volatility. We suggest that the consideration of molar mass and molecular corridors can help to constrain volatility and particle-phase state in the modeling of OA particularly for nitrogen- and sulfur-containing compounds.
Behavioral and physiological flexibility are used by birds to manage energy and support investment in the early stages of reproduction

Interest in phenotypic flexibility has increased dramatically over the last decade, but flexibility during reproduction has received relatively little attention from avian scientists, despite its possible impact on fitness. Because most avian species maintain atrophied reproductive organs when not active, reproduction in birds requires major tissue remodeling in preparation for breeding. Females undergo rapid (days) recrudescence and regression of their reproductive organs at each breeding attempt, while males grow their organs ahead of time at a much slower rate (weeks) and may maintain them at maximal size throughout the breeding season. Reproduction is associated with significant metabolic costs. Egg production leads to a 22%-27% increase in resting metabolic rate (RMR) over non-reproductive values. This is partly due to the activity of the oviduct, an organ that may allow females to adjust reproductive investment by modulating egg size and quality. In males, gonadal recrudescence may lead to a 30% increase in RMR, but the data are inconsistent and general conclusions regarding energetic costs of reproduction in males will require more research. Recent studies on captive female zebra finches describe the impacts of these costs on daily energy budgets and highlight the strategies used by birds to maintain their investment in reproduction when energy is limited. Whenever possible, birds use behav- ioral flexibility as a first means of saving energy. Decreasing locomotor activity saves energy during challenges such as egg pro- duction or exposure to cold temperatures and is an efficient way to buffer variation in individual daily energy budgets. However, when behavioral flexibility is not possible, birds must rely on flexibility at the physiological level to meet energy demands. In zebra finches breeding in the cold, this results in a reduced pace of laying, likely due to down-regulation of both reproductive and non-reproductive function, allowing females to defend minimal egg size and maintain reproductive success. More research involving a range of species in captive and free-living conditions is needed to determine how phenotypic flexibility during tissue remodeling and early reproductive investment translates to natural conditions and affects fitness (Current Zoology 56 (6): 767-792, 2010).
Indoor localisation based on fusing WLAN and image data

In this paper we address the automatic identification of indoor locations using a combination of WLAN and image sensing. We demonstrate the effectiveness of combining the strengths of these two complementary modalities for very chal- lenging data. We describe a fusion approach that allows localising to a specific office within a building to a high degree of precision or to a location within that office with reasonable precision. As it can be orientated towards the needs and capabilities of a user based on context the method becomes useful for ambient assisted living applications.
Mendelian segregation pattern and expression studies of insecticidal gene (cry1Ac) in insect resistant cotton progeny

The progenies of transgenic lines Bt-14 and Bt-17 developed as an independent transformation event from a local cotton variety CIM-482 harboring two insecticidal genes (cry1Ac & cry2a) were evaluated to determine resistance against lepidopterans, mainly Helicoverpa armigera L. under field conditions. The standard molecular techniques, i.e. polymerase chain reaction (PCR), enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and western dot blot were used to confirm gene presence and expression level of transformed Bt gene, and its transfer pattern to further progeny. PCR confirmed integration of insecticidal gene in most of the plants in transgenic progeny, while expression of Bt gene quantified by ELISA and western dot blot showed variation in cry1Ac expression levels but interestingly, it conferred full protection against targeted insect pests. The leaf bioassays were conducted to determine the effectiveness of Bt genes against Helicoverpa armigera by calculating the mortality percentage of larvae. Most of the transgenic lines showed 70-100% mortality % age of Helicoverpa armigera. The agronomic characteristics of the transgenic lines were also recorded along with non transgenic control variety CIM-482. Morphological, agronomic and fibre data of these transgenic lines was recorded and analyzed statistically. Our results show that these transgenic lines (especially Bt-17 line) are promising cotton germplasm to be used in an efficient breeding programme.
Capacity and Efficiency in Swedish Pelagic Fisheries

The aim of this study is to estimate capacity utilization and efficiency for Swedish vessels fishing in the pelagic segment in the period 1995-2002. The Swedish pelagic fishery is the largest fishery in Sweden both in terms of total landings and the value of the landings. Capacity utilization is estimated to 74 % using Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA). The development of the fleet is towards larger vessels, which indicates that larger vessels are preferred in the fishery. In the efficiency analysis, large vessels were found to be more efficient than small vessels on average. Also, newer vessels were found to be more efficient than older ones. • Affiliation: The Swedish Institute for Food and Agricultural Economics (SLI), P.O. Box 730, S-220 07 Lund, Sweden, staffan.waldo@sli.lu. se. 3
Autism as a Minamata disease variant: analysis of a pernicious legacy

Minamata Disease is a myriad of neurological and neurodevelopmental symptoms stemming from the pollution of Minamata Bay, Japan with 27 tons of organic mercury by the Chisso Corporation. The corporation denied responsibility and continued to pollute waterways for three decades. While research findings showing mercury was the cause of Minamata disease were concealed by the corporation, a number of committees, of which Chisso Corporation employees were members, were formed to research the problem. The committees denied this information and refuted the direct link of mercury. Today, the causes of autism and several neurodevelopmental disorders may be linked to mercury. Genetic and environmental risk factors are involved, but the epidemic increase in autism parallels cumulative mercury exposure through Thimerosal containing vaccines. Children with autism have a decreased detoxification capacity with a higher mercury exposure during pregnancy due to maternal dental amalgam and Thimerosal containing immunoglobulin shots. In vitro, mercury and Thimerosal in levels found after vaccination inhibit methionine synthase (MS) by 50%. Normal function of MS is crucial in biochemical steps necessary for brain development, attention and production of glutathione, an important mercury-detoxifying agent. Autistic children have significantly decreased levels of reduced glutathione. Numerous committees from numerous agencies have met in response to the growing evidence in support of mercury as the etiology of a growing epidemic. Research papers were created and reports generated all apparently predetermined to exonerate Thimerosal and control vaccine policy, from both within and outside the United States. Today, Thimerosal has been reintroduced back into the routine vaccine schedule with pressure from the WHO and the CDC based on the strength of what appears to be flawed and/or fabricated data whose influence remains unchecked; meanwhile, mercury exposure continues to increase the number of learning disabled and dependent children.
AC 2008-2616: ENGINEERING EDUCATION IN BIOMIMETIC MICROELECTRONIC SYSTEMS: AN URBAN ENGINEERING RESEARCH CENTER'S RESPONSE

A housing for installation onto switching boards with cutout slots has a front-side rim designed to overlap a cutout slot. Attachment elements constructed as sheet metal parts are mounted laterally on the housing, and are arranged for support on the back side of the switching board. The attachment elements have lateral edge areas mounted at an incline and extending at an angle diagonal to the front side of the housing. These lateral edge areas underlay correspondingly inclined, undercut areas of the housing's side wall and are affixed thereon.
Cross-plane lattice and electronic thermal conductivities of ErAs:InGaAs∕InGaAlAs superlattices

We studied the cross-plane lattice and electronic thermal conductivities of superlattices made of InGaAlAs and InGaAs films, with the latter containing embedded ErAs nanoparticles (denoted as ErAs:InGaAs). Measurements of total thermal conductivity at four doping levels and a theoretical analysis were used to estimate the cross-plane electronic thermal conductivity of the superlattices. The results show that the lattice and electronic thermal conductivities have marginal dependence on doping levels. This suggests that there is lateral conservation of electronic momentum during thermionic emission in the superlattices, which limits the fraction of available electrons for thermionic emission, thereby affecting the performance of thermoelectric devices.
Nonparametric One-class Classification with Gaussian Processes

Detecting instances of unknown categories is an important task for a multitude of problems such as object recognition, event detection, and defect localization. This article investigates the use of Gaussian process (GP) priors for this area of research. Focusing on the task of one-class classification, we analyze di erent measures derived from GP regression and approximate GP classification. We also study important theoretical connections to other approaches and discuss their underlying assumptions. Experiments are performed using a large number of datasets and di erent image kernel functions. Our findings show that our approaches can outperform the well-known support vector data description approach indicating the high potential of Gaussian processes for one-class classification. Furthermore, we show the suitability of our methods in the area of attribute prediction, defect localization, bacteria recognition, and background subtraction. These applications and experiments highlight the easy applicability of our method as well as its state-of-the-art performance compared to established methods.