Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
SYMBIOSIS ECOLOGY OF TWO CARIBBEAN ACROPORID CORALS

The elkhorn coral Acropor-a palmata azd t he staghcrn coral A. cervicornis are two comnon species of Ca~iSbean reef-building coral. The typical depth distributicn of A . palmata is much narrower (0-6m or l e s s ) t cervicornis (C-2Gm or more). We examined the genetic diversity of zocxanthellae from these two species :sing restriction fragnlent length pol? morphisms ( R F L P s ) i n large subunit ribosomal RNA (rSNA) Genes. In s t e l l o w (<3m) waters in Panam6, the txo coral species host i n d i s t i ngil i s ha b 1 e in d E epe r h--aters (>lSm), iihere A . paimata does not occur, A . cervicornis hcsts different Zjmbiodini1:m that are only distaztly-related 1.0 thase f o u n d in shallow wzter. Similar patterns are found i n che Bahamas. The sta? lowand deep-water syirhiont pcpulations in A. cervicornis are closely-related to those previously documented in syrbiosis with Yontastraea a n n u l a r i s and M. i s v e o l e c a on the saxe reefs. Taken together, these data suggest that different a l g a l symbionts enable coral hosts to live competitively in different photic habitats, and that the photic requirements of different algal taxa are Fhylogeneticaily conserved features of their b i o l o f y . Symb i o d i n i u A I , H c wev e r ,
Ubc9 Is Required for Positive Selection and Late-Stage Maturation of Thymocytes

SUMOylation is an important posttranslational modification that regulates protein function in diverse biological processes. However, its role in early T cell development has not been genetically studied. UBC9 is the only E2 enzyme for all SUMOylation. In this study, by selectively deleting Ubc9 gene in T cells, we have investigated the functional roles of SUMOylation in T cell development. Loss of Ubc9 results in a significant reduction of CD4 and CD8 single-positive lymphocytes in both thymus and periphery. Ubc9-deficient cells exhibit defective late-stage maturation post the initial positive selection with increased apoptosis and impaired proliferation, among which attenuated IL-7 signaling was correlated with the decreased survival of Ubc9-deficent CD8 single-positive cells. Furthermore, NFAT nuclear retention induced by TCR signals was regulated by SUMOylation during thymocytes development. Our study thus reveals a novel posttranslational mechanism underlying T cell development.
Information Disclosure in Procurement Auctions with Horizontally Differentiated Suppliers

This work studies a model of multidimensional auction in which a buyer needs to procure a given good from either of two potential suppliers whose quality is the buyer's private information and whose production costs are heterogeneous. Costs asymmetries constitute a novelty in this framework and extend e.g. the model of Gal-Or et al. (2007). We compare the outcomes of different procurement policies from the viewpoint of both efficiency and the buyer's payoff. A trade-off between efficiency and rent-extraction emerges. The buyer will maximize her expected utility by selecting a first score auction and either concealing or privately revealing suppliers'quality - the optimal choice depending on the degree of heterogeneity in suppliers' costs and qualities. However, neither of these auction mechanisms will be efficient: efficiency calls for a second score auction or a first score auction with public disclosure of suppliersquality. The findings hinge on the equivalence between auction models and models of horizontal differentiation and take advantage of results for asymmetric auctions developed by Maskin & Riley (2000).
How Do Savers Think About and Respond to Risk? Evidence From a Population Survey and Lessons for the Investment Industry

We find that savers do not tend to think about risk in an integrated way, especially when it comes to long-term risk. Instead they appear to think in segmented boxes. This is very bad for long term planning, since it can lead to inconsistencies. To illustrate, it is possible for people facing a savings shortfall to also be reluctant to either save more or take more investment risk to increase the expected return on their savings. It is important therefore that savers recognize that they might be subject to inconsistencies and behavioral barriers when implementing their savings plans which means they might fail to achieve their savings goals. We propose ways to help savers deal with these issues. These also provide useful lessons for the investment industry, including both financial advisers and product providers.
Lovelock type gravity and small black holes in heterotic string theory

We analyze near horizon behavior of small D-dimensional 2-charge black holes by modifying tree level effective action of heterotic string with all extended Gauss-Bonnet densities. We show that there is a nontrivial and unique choice of parameters, independent of D, for which the black hole entropy in any dimension is given by 4? (nw)1/2, which is exactly the statistical entropy of 1/2-BPS states of heterotic string compactified on T9? D ? S1 with momentum n and winding w. This, in a sense, extends the results of Sen JHEP07(2005)073 to all dimensions. We also show that our Lovelock type action belongs to the more general class of actions sharing the simmilar behaviour on the AdS2 ? SD? 2 near horizon geometry.
INTERNATIONAL STRATEGIC ALLIANCES: JOINT VENTURES BETWEEN ASIAN AND US COMPANIES

International Strategic Alliances is a practical guide that tackles major issues one might encounter when establishing a Chinese-based or US-based joint venture. It targets small and middle-market US companies that wish to establish strategic alliances based in China or other Asian countries, in order to expand their markets. Unlike other business management books, this book also caters to small, middle market and larger Asian companies (not limited to the Fortune 500 list), that wish to establish strategic alliances based in the US to grow their businesses. One of the chapters includes a detailed step-by-step guide to obtaining a US Green Card through an EB-5 visa for Asian entrepreneurs and their families. Contents: Cross-Border Strategic Alliances: Introduction Selecting the Right Partner Why Joint Ventures Fail Joint Ventures Based in China: The Chinese Economy Negotiating a Joint Venture Based in China Business and Legal Issues of Chinese-Based Joint Ventures Operating and Terminating the Joint Venture in China Joint Ventures Based in the US: Establishing a US-Based Cross-Border Alliance Business and Legal Issues of US-Based Joint Ventures Permanent US Residency for Asian Investors Appendices: Xerox and Fuji Xerox (Harvard Business School Case Study) 2012 Foreign Investment Industrial Guidance Catalogue of the People's Republic of China Joint Venture Agreement Between a US Company and a Chinese Company Readership: Accountants, attorneys, consultants, and other professionals who advise small or middle-market companies, Chinese and other Asian entrepreneurs and investors.
Multi-modal mapping and localization of unmanned aerial robots based on ultra-wideband and RGB-D sensing

This paper presents a methodology for mapping and localization of Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) based on the integration of sensors from different modalities. Particularly, we integrate distance estimations to Ultra-Wideband (UWB) sensors and 3D point-clouds from RGB-D sensors. First, a novel approach for environment mapping is introduced, exploiting the synergies between UWB sensors and point-clouds to produce a multi-modal 3D map that integrates the estimated UWB sensors position. This map is further integrated into a Monte Carlo Localization method to robustly estimate the UAV pose. Finally, the full approach is tested with real indoor flights and validated with a motion tracking system.
Evolution of Quaternary Tholeiitic Basalt Eruptive Centers on the Eastern Snake River Plain, Idaho

The tectonic and magmatic evolution of Quaternary olivine tholeiites in the eastern Snake River Plain (SRP) are evaluated by their spatial distribution and geochemical signatures. Individual lava-flow groups and their associated shield-building eruptive centers are either exposed at the surface or inferred to exist beneath overlying volcanic layers. Stratigraphy and dimensions of overlapping subsurface flow groups rely heavily on current well and core-hole correlations interpreted from natural gamma logs of numerous wells in conjunction with petrographic, paleomagnetic, geochemical, and radiometric age investigations. Magmatic sources inferred from vent distribution are dispersed over a wide expanse of the subcontinental mantle beneath the eastern SRP. Major and trace element variations depict at least four general types of sources, although each flow group has a distinct chemical signature representing a separate zone of melting. Basaltic shield dimensions, geochemical signatures, and Sr-Nd isotopic analyses support magma genesis characterized by low-volume batches of melt extracted from local reservoirs within EM2-like upper mantle. The source region was variably enriched in incompatible elements, and perhaps compositionally stratified, by previous subduction and within-plate processes. The wide variation of trace elements observed within some flow groups suggests that, for each monogenetic shield volcano, either (1) a heterogeneous batch of magma is derived by variable low degrees of partial melting and erupted with minimal fractionation, or (2) magma is generated as a homogeneous batch, which undergoes extensive fractionation during successive pulses of eruption. Other scenarios cannot be ruled out entirely. A comparison of the locations of inferred subsurface (buried) eruptive centers for the basaltic shields with the documented volcanic rift zones suggests that the zones must be either expanded to include the subsurface eruptive centers or broken into numerous smaller, inferred rift zones. This comparison requires that the zone in which strain is accommodated is more diffuse than inferred by previous studies. Extensional stress is not being mitigated within very narrow zones but rather is being distributed throughout a zone that may be as wide as 15 or 20 km. Rift systems probably occur over zones of partial melting that tend to migrate with time depending on ambient conditions and the availability of recently melted lithosphere. Regional tectonic extension allows a diminished component of compressive stress parallel to the eastern SRP axis, thus enabling rift zones to be oriented roughly parallel to Basin and Range faults.
The Mesh: Why the Future of Business Is Sharing

"Lisa Gansky is the ideal tour guide and provocateur for this big idea. "-Seth Godin, author of Linchpin and Poke the Box Traditional businesses follow a simple formula: create a product or service, sell it, collect money. But in the last few years a fundamentally different model has taken root-one in which consumers have more choices, more tools, more information, and more peer-to-peer power. Pioneering entrepreneur Lisa Gansky calls it the Mesh and reveals why it will dominate the future of business.Mesh companies use social media, wireless networks, and data crunched from every available source to provide people with goods and services at the exact moment they need them, without the burden and expense of owning them outright. Gansky reveals how there is real money to be made and trusted brands and strong communities to be built in helping your customers buy less but use more.
Gout and the risk of acute myocardial infarction.

OBJECTIVE To determine if hyperuricemia and gouty arthritis are independent risk factors for acute myocardial infarction (MI) and, if so, whether they are independent of renal function, diuretic use, metabolic syndrome, and other established risk factors. METHODS We performed multivariable logistic and instrumental variable probit regressions on data from the Multiple Risk Factor Intervention Trial (MRFIT). RESULTS Overall, there were 12,866 men in the MRFIT who were followed up for a mean of 6.5 years. There were 118 events of acute MI in the group with gout (10.5%) and 990 events in the group without gout (8.43%; P = 0.018). Hyperuricemia was an independent risk factor for acute MI in the multivariable regression models, with an odds ratio (OR) of 1.11 (95% confidence interval [95% CI] 1.08-1.15, P < 0.001). In multivariable regressions in which the above risk factors were used as covariates, gout was found to be associated with a higher risk of acute MI (OR 1.26 [95% CI 1.14-1.40], P < 0.001). Subgroup analyses showed that a relationship between gout and the risk of acute MI was present among nonusers of alcohol, diuretics, or aspirin and among those who did not have metabolic syndrome, diabetes mellitus, or obesity. In separate analyses, a relationship between gout and the risk of acute MI was evident among those with and without those hyperuricemia. CONCLUSION The independent risk relationship between hyperuricemia and acute MI is confirmed. Gouty arthritis is associated with an excess risk of acute MI, and this is not explained by its well-known links with renal function, metabolic syndrome, diuretic use, and traditional cardiovascular risk factors.
High performance GaN HEMTs at 40 GHz with power density of 2.8W/mm

In this article we report record power densities in GaN HEMTs operating at 40 GHz. Devices fabricated with 0.18 /spl mu/m long e-beam gates showed a power density of 2.82 W/mm and a gain of 5.8 dB at 40 GHz. This record performance was obtained due to a combination of a high power gain, negligible RF dispersion, and a high breakdown voltage.
Designing tariffs in a competitive energymarket

Energy markets are undergoing major changes right now. The markets have been liberalized and Smart Grid elements are about to be implemented. The energy markets are complex markets, which are difficult to model using traditional economic models. Therefore agent-based models offer solutions. Power TAC attempts to model these energy markets. By using Power TAC new insights in future energy markets can be obtained. We focus on the tariff market of Power TAC. For this market we have created a simulation environment and a specific agent. This agent classifies tariffs and it can identify tariffs that are performing well. It is also capable of analyzing the tariffs of other brokers and the agent can copy and publish an adjusted version of a tariff of a competing agent. The actions taken by this agent depend on specific imbalance scenarios. We have used several scenarios to test our agent and our results indicate that our agent performs well in a competitive market.
Tourism Rejuvenation in Australia

The Travel Balance Approach (TBA) model is premised on the notion that the economic development of a country, in general, and tourism development, in particular, will stimulate four sequential stages (namely, Introductory, Growth, Maturity and Decline stages) of a country’s travel balance. This paper uses an extension of the TBA and longitudinal tourism statistics from Australia to identify the critical factors that propel a country from the Decline stage to a fifth stage of Rejuvenation. These factors include, but are not restricted to, concerted government action with support from the tourism industry to promote the country overseas (particularly with theme years), collaborative efforts from the direct providers and indirect providers of tourism services, competitive airfares, deregulation, and significant, unexpected currency devaluations.
An Efficient Spam Mail Detection by Counter Technique

— Spam mails are unwanted mails sent to large number of users. Spam mails not only consume the network resources, but cause security threats as well. This paper proposes an efficient technique to detect, and to prevent spam mail in the sender side rather than the receiver side. This technique is based on a counter set on the sender server. When a mail is transmitted to the server, the mail server checks the number of the recipients based on its counter policy. The counter policy performed by the mail server is based on some pre-defined criteria. When the number of recipients exceeds the counter policy, the mail server discontinues the rest of the process, and sends a failure mail to sender of the mail; otherwise the mail is transmitted through the network. By using this technique, the usage of network resources such as bandwidth, and memory is preserved. The simulation results in real network show that when the counter is set on the sender side, the time required for spam mail detection is 100 times faster than the time the counter is set on the receiver side, and the network resources are preserved largely compared with other anti-spam mail techniques in the receiver side.
Should we screen adults with osteoporotic fractures for coeliac disease?

In the recently published debate in Gut regarding the utility of mass screening of European and North American populations for coeliac disease (CD), divergent conclusions were presented ( Gut 2003; 52 :168–9 and 170–1). In this context, the increased utility of screening adults for CD in those presenting with concomitant morbidity (for example, metabolic bone disease and fracture) was raised. To support such an hypothesis, evidence of either an increased fracture rate in those with CD or, alternatively, an increased incidence of CD in those presenting with fracture would be required. Thomason and colleagues,1 in a study of 244 patients with CD and 161 age and sex matched controls, addressed the first of these possibilities. They found that patients with …
Community-based management of multiple drug resistant tuberculosis in a tertiary hospital in Tanzania: a best practice implementation project

Background: The World Health Organization (WHO) has prioritized collaboration with communities in its 2016 “End TB” implementation strategy. Acknowledging the difficulties that some communities face in gaining access to health facilities due to barriers such as stigma, discrimination, healthcare expenditure, transport and income loss, partnering with communities in the roll-out of community–based TB management activities is vital. Aim: The aim of this project was to make a contribution to promoting evidence-based practice with regards to the community-based management of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) at Kibong’oto National Infectious Disease Hospital, Tanzania, and thereby supporting improvements in patient outcomes and resource utilization. Methods: The project utilized the Joanna Briggs Institute Practical Application of Clinical Evidence System (JBI PACES) program to facilitate the collection of pre- and post-audit data. The Getting Research into Practice (GRiP) module was also used to analyze the potential barriers and for designing the final action plan. This project was conducted in three phases over a three-month period at the MDR-TB unit in a referral hospital in Northern Tanzania. Results: The project showed that there were significant improvements in compliance rates in staff education and documentation of patients’ suitability and preferences in receiving community-based care for MDR-TB. The compliance rate of criterion 2, which was already 100% at baseline, was slightly lower at follow-up. Conclusions: The project achieved significant improvements in the delivery of evidence-based practice with regards to community-based management of MDR-TB.
A 10-bit 10 MS/s SAR ADC with the reduced capacitance DAC

This paper presents a 10-bit 10 MS/s successive approximation register (SAR) analog-to-digital converter (ADC) in 180 nm technology. We propose a new structure of the charge redistribution digital-to-analog converter (DAC) for the SAR ADC to reduce the area cost and power consumption and to promote the bandwidth. This structure does not only reduce the area of capacitors array and the capacitance of the DAC, but also guarantee the process variation of capacitors.
Consumer Information Services in Intercultural Tourism: An Ethnographic Study of Chinese Outbound Backpackers

This paper reports the findings of an ethnographic study of Chinese outbound backpackers’ use and adoption of consumer information services (CIS) in an intercultural tourism setting. We apply McKenna et al.’s research model of consumers’ adoption of information services as the analytical lens for the interpretive qualitative study. The data gathering was conducted in four different countries. The findings of the study confirm linkages between four information service types and the use and adoption of CIS. The study also found that service types are more diversely linked than the earlier studies have predicted and therefore we propose a revised research model, which can be used for studying different CIS usage behaviour/patterns, but also to design of CIS for specific contexts.
Activation of Proton Pumping in Human Neutrophils Occurs by Exocytosis of Vesicles Bearing Vacuolar-type H+-ATPases*

Proton pump activity is not measurable in the plasma membrane of unstimulated neutrophils but becomes readily detectable upon activation by soluble agonists. The mechanism of pump activation was investigated in this report. V-type H+ pump activity, estimated as a bafilomycin A1-sensitive elevation of the cytosolic pH, was stimulated in suspended neutrophils by chemotactic peptides and by phorbol esters. Stimulation of pump activity induced by the agonists was greatly enhanced by cytochalasin B, an agent known to potentiate granular secretion in neutrophils. We therefore compared the rate and extent of pump activation with the pattern of exocytosis of the four types of secretory organelles present in neutrophils, using flow cytometry and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The kinetics of exocytosis of secretory vesicles and secondary and tertiary granules but not primary granules paralleled the appearance of pump activity. The subcellular localization of the pump was defined by cellular fractionation and immunoblotting using an antibody to the C subunit of the V-type ATPase. The pump was abundant in tertiary granules, with significant amounts present also in primary granules and secretory vesicles. The pump was scarce in secondary granules and not detectable in the cytosol. Finally, the agonists failed to stimulate pump activity in neutrophil cytoplasts, which are intact cell fragments devoid of acidic granules. Together, our results suggest that the V-type H+-ATPase is not constitutively present in the plasma membrane of neutrophils but is delivered to the surface membrane by exocytosis during cellular activation. Tertiary granules and secretory vesicles are the most likely source of V-ATPases. Following insertion in the plasma membrane, the pump is poised to effectively extrude the excess metabolic acid that is generated during chemotaxis and bacterial killing.