Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The Effect of Age Onleptin Hormone and Some Biochemical Parameters in Patients Pre-Dialysis

To evaluate impact the difference in stages ofage and related incidence of hemodialysis patients.Two hundred and fifty patients undergoing hemodialysis were collected from general hospital in Baghdad city /Iraq. The samples with renal failure before hemodialysis were divided into (138) male,( 112)female. The sera were separated from samples to physiological investigation. We found that renal failure was more predominant among the patients ages group ranging from (51-70) years old. The results shows A significant increase in the levels of urea, creatinine, in younger patients (≤ 30 years) when compared with older patients (>70 years). Furthermore a significant decrease in serum levels of total protein in patients in older patients (>70 years) compared with younger group (≤ 30 years). While there are no significant differences in sera levels of albumin among aging group.While this study revealed a significant increase in the level of cholesterol when compared the aging group (>70 years) patients with younger group (≤ 30 years). This study also revealed significant increase in the level of fasting blood glucose (FBS) in the aging group (51-70)year when compared with aging group (31-50) year only. In additionleptin, CRP,Hb and PCV levels a significant increase in the age group (>70) years when compared with (≤ 30
FISH OIL-BASED OLEOGELS: PHYSICOCHEMICALS CHARACTERISATION AND IN VITRO RELEASE OF BETAMETHASONE DIPROPIONATE

Objective: The aim of this work was to develop and characterise a novel oleogel formulation using fish oil as the lipid phase for the topical delivery of BD. Methods: Fish oil oleogels containing 0.05 % w/w BD were prepared using two types of oleogelators, namely Beeswax and Span 60. The organoleptic properties, microscopic structures, textural analysis, rheological properties, drug uniformity, storage stability and in vitro drug release profile of each oleogel formulations was investigated. A commercial preparation, Beprosone ointment was used as a control. Results: Oleogel formulated with more than 10% w/w beeswax (FHB, FHC, FHD)displayed the most desirable properties compared to other oleogels. They showed pseudoplastic flow, smooth texture, physically stable during storage for up to six months and showed significantly higher BD flux compared to control. Conclusion: A novel oleogel formulation based on fish oil was successfully developed and the enhancement of BD release highlighted the potential of fish oil that can be exploited as a novel vehicle for topical formulations.
So as a focus marker in German

Abstract This paper discusses a hitherto undescribed usage of the particle so as a dedicated focus marker in contemporary German. I discuss grammatical and pragmatic characteristics of this focus marker, supporting my account with natural linguistic data and with controlled experimental evidence showing that so has a significant influence on speakers' understanding of what the focus expression in a sentence is. Against this background, I sketch a possible pragmaticalization path from referential usages of so via hedging to a semantically bleached focus marker, which, unlike particles such as auch ‘also’/‘too’ or nur ‘only’, does not contribute any additional meaning.
RANK AND GENUS OF 3-MANIFOLDS

We construct a counterexample to the Rank versus Genus Conjecture, i.e. a closed orientable hyperbolic 3-manifold with rank of its fundamental group smaller than its Heegaard genus. Moreover, we show that the discrepancy between rank and Heegaard genus can be arbitrarily large for hyperbolic 3-manifolds. We also construct toroidal such examples containing hyperbolic JSJ pieces.
A Compensating Differential Approach to Valuing the Social Benefit of Minor League Baseball

type="main" xml:id="coep12080-abs-0001"> This research utilizes a compensating differential framework to measure the social benefits of minor league baseball teams. Consistent with findings at the major league level, individual housing observations from 138 metropolitan areas between 1993 and 2005 show that affiliated teams are associated with a significant 6 to 8% increase in rents in mid-sized markets ranging from 0.4 to 1.4 million people. On the other hand, independent teams and stadiums are associated with insignificant effects on rents. The positive effect of affiliated minor league teams suggests they are a valuable urban amenity that can contribute to local quality of life. (JEL H23, H41, H71, R50, L83 )
A LAGRANGE MULTIPLIER METHOD FOR ELLIPTIC INTERFACE PROBLEMS USING NON-MATCHING MESHES

When considering multi-domain problems with non-matching meshes using Lagrange multiplier techniques, two basic problems occur. First and foremost, the discrete spaces for the discretization of the primal variable and the multipliers have to fulfill the inf-sup condition (see [7]) in order the resulting numerical scheme to be stable; it turns out that for many natural choices of approximations this is not the case. Fortunately, this problem can be alleviated by using stabilized multiplier methods (cf. [14, 17, 1, 4], for instance) or by using mesh-dependent penalty methods (see e.g. [2, 3]). The second problem is that products of traces of the primal variable and the multipliers have to be integrated on the interfaces. For methods known
Using radar‐derived parameters to forecast lightning cessation for nonisolated storms

Lightning impacts operations at the Kennedy Space Center (KSC) and other outdoor venues leading to injuries, inconvenience, and detrimental economic impacts. This research focuses on cases of “nonisolated” lightning which we define as one cell whose flashes have ceased although it is still embedded in weak composite reflectivity (Z ≥ 15 dBZ) with another cell that is still producing flashes. The objective is to determine if any radar‐derived parameters provide useful information about the occurrence of lightning cessation in remnant storms. The data set consists of 50 warm season (May–September) nonisolated storms near KSC during 2013. The research utilizes the National Lightning Detection Network, the second generation Lightning Detection and Ranging network, and polarized radar data. These data are merged and analyzed using the Warning Decision Support System‐Integrated Information at 1 min intervals. Our approach only considers 62 parameters, most of which are related to the noninductive charging mechanism. They included the presence of graupel at various thermal altitudes, maximum reflectivity of the decaying storm at thermal altitudes, maximum connecting composite reflectivity between the decaying cell and active cell, minutes since the previous flash, and several others. Results showed that none of the parameters reliably indicated lightning cessation for even our restrictive definition of nonisolated storms. Additional research is needed before cessation can be determined operationally with the high degree of accuracy required for safety.
Integrating case-based reasoning, knowledge-based approach and Dijkstra algorithm for route finding

Imagine you rent a car and plan to drive around an unfamiliar city. Before you go from one place to another, you need to know a good route. In network theory, this is the shortest path problem. Dijkstra's algorithm is often used for solving this problem. However, when the road network of the city is very complicated and dense, which is usually the case, it will take too long for the algorithm to find the shortest path. Furthermore, in reality, things are not as simple as those stated in network theory. For instance, the cost of travel for the same part of the city at different times may not be the same. In this project, we have integrated Dijkstra's algorithm with a knowledge-based approach and case-based reasoning in solving the problem. With this integration, knowledge about the geographical information and past cases are used to help Dijkstra's algorithm in finding a solution. This approach dramatically reduces the computation time required for route finding. A prototype system has been implemented for route finding in Singapore. <<ETX>>
Linking Corporate Entrepreneurship with Human Resources Management Practices

Within the growing body of literature on corporate entrepreneurship, there is a need to understand the relationship between human resource management and corporate entrepreneurship. This paper outlines the linkage between human resource management practices with corporate entrepreneurship. In response, we propose a review of the literature that is based on a conceptual reading of corporate entrepreneurship, human resource management practices and the relationship between them.
Adaptation of web pages and images for mobile applications

In this paper, we introduce our new visualization service which presents web pages and images on arbitrary devices with differing display resolutions. We analyze the layout of a web page and simplify its structure and formatting rules. The small screen of a mobile device is used much better this way. Our new image adaptation service combines several techniques. In a first step, border regions which do not contain relevant semantic content are identified. Cropping is used to remove these regions. Attention objects are identified in a second step. We use face detection, text detection and contrast based saliency maps to identify these objects and combine them into a region of interest. Optionally, the seam carving technique can be used to remove inner parts of an image. Additionally, we have developed a software tool to validate, add, delete, or modify all automatically extracted data. This tool also simulates different mobile devices, so that the user gets a feeling of how an adapted web page will look like. We have performed user studies to evaluate our web and image adaptation approach. Questions regarding software ergonomics, quality of the adapted content, and perceived benefit of the adaptation were asked.
Bloch Equations Revisited:New Analytical Solutions for the Generalized Bloch Equations

The generalized Bloch equations in the rotating frame are solved in Cartesian space by an approach that is different from the earlier Torrey solutions. The solutions are cast into a compact and convenient matrix notation, which paves the way for a direct physical insight and comprehension of the evolution of various magnetization components. The solutions are expressed as a sum of two terms: One describes the decay of the initial state; the other describes the growth of the steady state. The representative trajectories of each component of the above terms plotted separately describe the complete time evolution of each magnetization component.
Modelling the Development of a Regional Charging Infrastructure for Electric Vehicles in Time and Space

This article presents a dynamic spatial model of the development of a charging infrastructure for electric vehicles in the German metropolitan region of Stuttgart. The model consists of several sub-models whose functioning and interactions are explained in detail. The first sub-model simulates the time-spatial development of electric vehicle ownership. The output of this module is used by the second component that determines the resulting demand for charging stations. To quantify this demand, the necessary utilisation of charging stations to allow for the profitability of the infrastructure is calculated. A final processing step simulates the mobility of EVs throughout the Region Stuttgart, and thus allows allocating the need for charging stations in space. We used our model to generate several scenarios of the development of a charging infrastructure in the Region Stuttgart until 2020. The main finding of this work is that the number of public charging stations needed for the region in the long run is quite low. If too many charging stations are installed the infrastructure will be under-utilized and thus cannot be operated economically. The simulation runs show that the installation of public charging infrastructure should be focused on the few biggest urban centres of the region. The scenarios also show that publicly accessible charging stations form only a minor part of the overall number of charging stations. Additionally, it can be seen that the exponential growth of electric vehicle ownership, with very few vehicles at the beginning, but large gains after a few years, requires high flexibility from stakeholders involved in the implementation of charging infrastructure for electric vehicles.
Double-peak switching current in soft ferroelectric lead zirconate titanate

ceramic, following an approach similar to Merz’s, we observed that the switching current showed two peaks as a function of time instead of the commonly observed single one. In the present article a possible explanation for the appearance of the double peaked switching current is introduced. The explanation is based on the phenomenon of a field-induced internal stresses. 3‐6
Genes for transport and metabolism of spermidine in Ruegeria pomeroyi DSS-3 and other marine bacteria

Spermidine, putrescine, and other polyamines are sources of labile carbon and nitrogen in marine environments, yet a thorough analysis of the functional genes encoding their transport and metabolism by marine bacteria has not been conducted. To begin this endeavor, we first identified genes that mediate spermidine processing in the model marine bacterium Ruegeria pomeroyi and then surveyed their abundance in other cultured and uncultured marine bacteria. R. pomeroyi cells were grown on spermidine under continuous culture conditions. Microarray-based transcriptional profiling and reverse transcription-qPCR analysis were used to identify the operon responsible for spermidine transport. Homologs from 2 of 3 known pathways for bacterial polyamine degradation were also identified in the R. pomeroyi genome and shown to be upregulated by spermidine. In an analysis of genome sequences of 109 cultured marine bacteria, homologs to polyamine transport and degradation genes were found in 55% of surveyed genomes. Likewise, analysis of marine meta- genomic data indicated that up to 32% of surface ocean bacterioplankton contain homologs for trans- port or degradation of polyamines. The degradation pathway genes puuB (γ-glutamyl-putrescine oxi- dase) and spuC (putrescine aminotransferase), which are part of the spermidine degradation pathway in R. pomeroyi, emerged as suitable targets for molecular-based studies of polyamine pro- cessing by marine bacterial communities. The frequency of genes encoding transport and catabolism of spermidine and related polyamines suggests an important role for these compounds in carbon and nitrogen budgets of marine bacterioplankton.
Forecasting risk via realized GARCH, incorporating the realized range

The realized GARCH framework is extended to incorporate the realized range, and the intra-day range, as potentially more efficient series of information than re- alized variance or daily returns, for the purpose of volatility and tail risk forecasting in a financial time series. A Bayesian adaptive Markov chain Monte Carlo method is employed for estimation and forecasting. Compared to a range of well known parametric GARCH models, predictive log-likelihood results across six market in- dex return series favor the realized GARCH models incorporating the realized range. Further, these same models also compare favourably for tail risk forecasting, both during and after the global financial crisis.
The Wellness Assessment : Global Distress and Indicators of Clinical Severity

Research has shown that the integration of outcomes measurement into clinical practice is associated with better clinical outcomes (Herman, Chan, & Zazzoli, 2006; Lambert, 2007; Lambert, Whipple, & Hawkins, 2003; Nierenberg, Ostacher, & Borrelli, 2006). To help ensure appropriate treatment and improve patient outcomes, Optum invested in the development of an outcomes measurement system called ALERT (ALgorithms for Effective Reporting and Treatment). This program involves the use of self-report outcomes data that provide objective, patient-centered information.
Degree of Conversion and Antibacterial Activity of Total-Etch Versus Self- Etch Adhesive Systems

Abstract Objectives: This research was conducted to compare the degree of conversion and antibacterial activity of the total-etch (etch-and-rinse) versus self-etch adhesive systems. Materials and methods: Degree of conversion was done using Fourier Transformation Infrared Spectroscopy. Uncured and cured specimens were prepared from each adhesive system and tested using potassium bromide disks. The antibacterial activity of the adhesives was evaluated using agar disc-diffusion test against the following bacteria: Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus mutans and Lactobacillus salivarius obtained from soft carious dentin. Paper disks were coated with the tested adhesives and placed in the suitable growth media for each microorganism. The diameters of inhibition zones were measured at three different points. Sizes of inhibition zones were calculated by subtracting the diameter of the specimen from the average of the three measurements of the halo. Results: G-Bond showed higher degree of conversion than that of Stae and Adper Prompt L-Pop adhesives. Adper Prompt L-Pop exhibited the highest antibacterial activity against S. mutans and S. aureus, while Stae exhibited the lowest antibacterial activity against S. mutans and S. aureus. All adhesives failed to demonstrate antibacterial activity against L. salivarius. Conclusions: The tested adhesives showed degree of conversion with various percentages. All adhesives showed antibacterial action against S. aureus and S. mutans. On the other hand, they were failed to inhibit the growth of L. salivarius.
Do the Individuals Closest to Internet Firms Believe They are Overvalued?

Two explanations are commonly offered for the large number of recent IPOs by Internet firms: that they are rushing to go public when Internet stock prices are irrationally high, and that they are trying to grab market share in an industry with large economies of scale. We examine the actions of Internet firm managers, underwriters and venture capitalists to determine their motives for going public. Mergers and acquisitions provide strong evidence of a rush to grab market share. Evidence that they are trying to sell overpriced stock is much weaker.
Theoretical Issues in Modeling of Large-Scale Wireless Sensor Networks

In large-scale WSNs (wireless sensor networks), packets of a source node are often transmitted via multi-hop relays to reach their sink nodes. The hop-count, h, of a sink node is related to a particular hop-count originator (namely the source node) and it is defined as the least number of multi-hop relays required to send one packet from the source to the sink in this chapter. A source node can use a simple controlled flooding to set up the hop-counts relative to itself for all other nodes [1]. Let d denote the Euclidean distance between a source and its sink (the source-to-sink distance is denoted as SS-distance in the sequel), various statistical models that characterize the relationships between h and d are some of the fundamental problems in modeling large-scale WSNs. These results can be applied to address many other WSN research issues such as range-free localization, communication protocol design and evaluation, throughput optimization, transmission power control and etc. Given a WSN whose nodes are distributed randomly according to a two-dimensional homogeneous Poisson point process of density λ, we investigate two statistical relationships between hop-count h and SS-distance d in this chapter. First of all, we propose a method termed CSP (Convolution of Successive Progress) to compute the K-hop connection probability for a two-dimensional network. The K-hop connection probability is defined as the conditional probability that a sink has a hop-count h = K with respect to a source given that the SS-distance is d. Mathematically, the K-hop connection probability is defined as the conditional probability1 P(h = K|d). The CSP method is also extended into threedimensional networks. Secondly, based on the results of K-hop connection probability, we also present a method to compute the PDF (probability density function) of the SS-distance d conditioned on hopcount h = K, namely the PDF of SS-distance d of all nodes with a hop-count h = K. Mathematically, this conditional PDF2 is denoted as f(d|h = K). Simulation studies show that the proposed methods are able to achieve significant error reduction in computing these hop-distance statistics (i.e. the conditional probability/PDF) compared with existing methods.
MEASURED ANXIETY AND CHOICES IN EXPERIMENTAL TIMING GAMES

In asset price “clock” games, agents receive private signals at different times when an asset value is above its fundamental in a price bubble. The price crashes to the fundamental when K of N agents (3 of 6 in our experiments) have decided to sell. If selling decisions are private, bubbles can be sustained because agents rationally delay selling, even after receiving their bubble signals, as they correctly believe that others will delay as well (implementing “greater * Corresponding author: Colin F. Camerer, 1200 E. California Blvd. MC 228-77, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena CA, 91125; Fax: (626) 405-9841; Tel: (626) 395-4054; camerer@hss.caltech. edu. We thank the Lipper Family Foundation Fellowship, HFSP and Moore Foundation for financial support, and John Morgan for very generous help supplying original data and software, and responding to questions.
Alocação de zeros aplicada a sistemas de controle via LMI

A systematic procedure of zero placement to design control systems is proposed. A state feedback controller with vector gain K is used to perform the pole placement. An estimator with vector gain L is also designed for output feedback control. A new systematic method of zero assignment to reduce the effect of the undesirable poles of the plant and also to increase the velocity error constant is presented. The methodology places the zeros in a specific region and it is based on Linear Matrix Inequalities (LMIs) framework, which is a new approach to solve this problem. Three examples illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed method.