Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Optimizing searches for electromagnetic counterparts of gravitational wave triggers

With the detection of a binary neutron star system and its corresponding electromagnetic counterparts, a new window of transient astronomy has opened. Due to the size of the sky localization regions, which can span hundreds to thousands of square degrees, there are significant benefits to optimizing tilings for these large sky areas. The rich science promised by gravitational wave astronomy has led to the proposal for a variety of proposed tiling and time allocation schemes, and for the first time, we make a systematic comparison of some of these methods. We find that differences of a factor of 2 or more in efficiency are possible, depending on the algorithm employed. For this reason, with future surveys searching for electromagnetic counterparts, care should be taken when selecting tiling, time allocation, and scheduling algorithms to optimize counterpart detection.
Postural control and fear of falling assessment in people with COPD: A systematic review of instruments, ICF linkage and measurement properties

/Structured Summary 1 Objectives : To systematically review the instruments used to assess postural control and 2 fear of falling in people with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD), and to synthesize 3 and evaluate their breadth of content and measurement properties. 4 Data Sources, Study Selection and Data Extraction : This systematic review comprised two 5 phases. Phase 1 aimed to identify the commonly used instruments to assess postural control and 6 fear of falling in the COPD literature. Searches were conducted in eight electronic databases in 7 September 2012. The breadth of content of each instrument was examined based on the 8 International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF). In phase 2, a 9 measurement property search filter was adopted and used in four electronic databases to retrieve 10 properties reported in the COPD population. The COSMIN checklist was used to assess the 11 methodological quality of each measurement property reported. Only quantitative studies were 12 included, irrespective of language or publication date. Two independent reviewers performed the 13 selection of articles, the ICF linking process and quality assessment. 14
Experiential Learning Builds Cybersecurity Self-Efficacy in K-12 Students

In recent years, there have been increased efforts to recruit talented K-12 students into cybersecurity fields. These efforts led to many K-12 extracurricular programs organized by higher education institutions. In this paper, we first introduce a weeklong K-12 program focusing on critical thinking, problem-solving, and igniting interest in information security through hands-on activities performed in a state-of-the-art virtual computer laboratory. Then, we present an inquiry-based approach to design hands-on activities to achieve these goals. We claim that hands-on activities designed based on this inquiry-based framework improve K-12 students’ self-efficacy in cybersecurity as well as their problem-solving skills. The evaluation of the program showed that the participants made significant progress towards achieving the learning outcomes of the program and developed self-efficacy in cybersecurity.
Local Rademacher Complexity for Multi-label Learning Local Rademacher Complexity for Multi-label Learning

We analyze the local Rademacher complexity of empirical risk minimization (ERM)-based multi-label learning algorithms, and in doing so propose a new algorithm for multi-label learning. Rather than using the trace norm to regularize the multi-label predictor, we instead minimize the tail sum of the singular values of the predictor in multi-label learning. Benefiting from the use of the local Rademacher complexity, our algorithm, therefore, has a sharper generalization error bound and a faster convergence rate. Compared to methods that minimize over all singular values, concentrating on the tail singular values results in better recovery of the low-rank structure of the multi-label predictor, which plays an import role in exploiting label correlations. We propose a new conditional singular value thresholding algorithm to solve the resulting objective function. Empirical studies on realworld datasets validate our theoretical results and demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm.
Investigating an optimum suppression rate of steady‐state portions of speech that improves intelligibility the most as a pre‐processing approach in reverberant environments

Steady‐state suppression has been proposed as a pre‐processing approach to improve speech intelligibility in reverberant environments [Arai et al., Acoust. Sci. Technol. 23, 229–232 (2002)]. The goal of this work is to find the suppression rate that improves intelligibility the most. This is done by exploring the relationship between the suppression rates of steady‐state portions of speech signals in a reverberant environment and syllable identification. This needs to be investigated because the optimum suppression rate might depend on the amount of overlap‐masking, which in turn is determined by the reverberation. A syllable identification test was conducted with 21 normal‐hearing listeners in two reverberant environments and six suppression rates. Results show a significant improvement in intelligibility for a 40% and a 50% suppression rate for a reverberation time of 1.1 s and a 60% suppression rate for a reverberation time of 1.3 s. Findings confirm that intelligibility is affected by both suppression.
Behavior of forced asymmetric oscillators at resonance

This article collects recent results concerning the behavior at resonance of forced oscillators driven by an asymmetric restoring force, with or without damping. This synthesis emphasizes the key role played by a functiondenotedby;;p,whichis,uptoasignreversalofitsargument, a correlation product of the forcing term pand of a function representing a free oscillation for theundamped equation. The theoretical results are accompanied by graphical representations illustrating the behavior of the dampedandundampedoscillators. Inparticular, thedampedoscillator is considered, with a forcing term whose frequency is close to the frequency of the free oscillations. For that problem, frequency-response curves are studied, both theoretically and through numerical computations, revealing a hysteresis phenomenon, when;;pis of constant sign.
Using the unemployed as temporary employment counsellors: Evaluation of an initiative to combat long-term unemployment

This study investigates empirically the effects of a pilot project in which unemployed persons were used as temporary employment counsellors. Economic theory clearly points in the direction of a positive relation between search intensity and exit from unemployment. The fundamental concept of the project was the use of unemployed, who underwent customised training, to assist other unemployed in their job search. The project was carried out during a period in which the caseload was very high at public employment offices, which resulted in a drastic reduction in individual placement services available to the unemployed. It was based on a collaboration agreement between trade union confederations and the Swedish Labour Market Administration. Based on individual records drawn from administrative data, this paper examines the impact of the project on the probability of being removed from the live register of the Employment Service (various reasons for being removed are analysed separately) or being placed in a labour market policy programme. For job seekers placed in such programmes, the evaluation also examines effects on the probability of gaining employment within a given time period subsequent to programme participation. The impact on the period of time from the start of the project until a job seeker is removed from the register or placed in a labour market policy programme is also examined. The estimated effects indicate that the project had a positive impact on job search effectiveness and, thereby, in its efforts to reduce long periods out of work.
Optical aberrations caused by coherent structures in a subsonic, compressible, turbulent boundary layer

by Jacob Allen Cress The relationship between optical aberrations and coherent structures in the turbulent boundary layer is investigated in a series of experiments. A statistical model is derived using the “extended” Strong Reynolds Analogy that allows the total temperature to vary and also presumes pressure fluctuations in the boundary layer are negligible compared to temperature fluctuations. This model is compared to experimental results taken of a moderately heated and cooled boundary layer. The effect of elevation angle on the amount of optical aberration is also investigated and discussed in relation to coherent structures. Two-dimensional wavefronts through a single boundary layer are presented along with average correlation length results. The distribution in time of the optical aberrations is analyzed and considered in terms of communication applications. This work concludes with a discussion of coherent vortical structures and how they are related to optical aberrations, and the relative contribution of pressure and temperature fluctuations to wavefront distortions.
Models to Evaluate the Prebiotic Potential of Foods

The interest in studying the prebiotic effect of foods is increasing due to the way in which the consumption of these foods influences the gut microbiota and how the metabolic activity of the microbiota affects the health and well‐being of the host. Several in vitro and in vivo studies have been developed to elucidate the prebiotic effect of foods, and particularly in in vivo studies, the physiological dynamics of this effect has been studied in healthy or diseased individuals. In this chapter, the main in vitro and in vivo models developed for the study of the prebiotic potential of foods will be approached, which can be used by those planning to advance in this field of research. administrated to healthy rats or in trinitrobenzenesulphonic acid (TNBS) colitic rats. Treatment groups (n = 20) received FOS (2 g/rat/day), RS (2 g/rat/day), or the mixture of both (37.5 FOS and 62.5% RS) (2 g/rat/day) incorporated in drinking water during 2 weeks. In healthy rats, the administration of the combination of FOS and RS induced changes in the intestinal microbiota and increased lac‐ tobacilli and bifidobacteria in caecum and colonic contents. In addition, treatment increased the moisture content and decreased the pH of caecum and colon. Furthermore, its administra‐ tion upregulated the expression of trefoil factor‐3 and mucin 2 (MUC‐2) in comparison with untreated rats, thus improving the intestinal barrier function and increasing the propionate, butyrate, and total SCFA colonic contents. The beneficial effects observed with this combina‐ tion were confirmed in the healthy or colitis rats.
Designing a Secure Epidemic based Update Protocol for P2P Systems

performance and availability in peer-to-peer (P2P) systems, but it will also raise consistency issues. Epidemic based update protocol can be used to address the consistency issue while maintaining high concurrency, but is also exposed to great threats when it is operated in the untrustworthy P2P environment. In this research, security protection and detection protocols are designed into the epidemic based update protocol to protect systems against possible compromised malicious peers who can generate arbitrary timestamps to introduce inconsistency into the system. Our analysis shows that the security protocol can detect manipulated updates and the compromised peers in the system. Replication can improve both data access
Reputational Spillovers 1 REPUTATIONAL SPILLOVERS: EVIDENCE FROM FRENCH ARCHI TECTURE

While the notion of reputation has attracted much s cholarly interest, few studies have addressed the strategic issue of reputational multi plici y and managing the interactions among different types of reputations. We suggest that an organization can have several stakeholderspecific reputations – peer, market, and expert – a nd that reputational spillover effects (the continued influence of one reputation on another) m atter at the organizational level. We test reputational spillovers on 42 French architecture c ompanies over a period of 30 years. Our results show that over time, the three reputations interact with each other, generating positive spillovers, with the exception of market and expert r putations. We contribute by explaining how interconnected organizational reputations among different stakeholders can interact over time, how companies can strategically manage reputa tional spillovers, and how such spillovers influence organizations in creative and professional industries.
Long-term, multiwavelength light curves of ultra-cool dwarfs: I. An interplay of starspots & clouds likely drive the variability of the L3. 5 dwarf 2MASS 0036+ 18

We present multi-telescope, ground-based, multiwavelength optical and near-infrared photometry of the variable L3.5 ultra-cool dwarf 2MASSW J0036159+182110. We present 22 nights of photometry of 2MASSW J0036159+182110, including 7 nights of simultaneous, multiwavelength photometry, spread over ~120 days allowing us to determine the rotation period of this ultra-cool dwarf to be 3.080 +/- 0.001 hr. Our many nights of multiwavelength photometry allow us to observe the evolution, or more specifically the lack thereof, of the light curve over a great many rotation periods. The lack of discernible phase shifts in our multiwavelength photometry, and that the amplitude of variability generally decreases as one moves to longer wavelengths for 2MASSW J0036159+182110, is generally consistent with starspots driving the variability on this ultra-cool dwarf, with starspots that are ~100 degrees K hotter or cooler than the ~1700 K photosphere. Also, reasonably thick clouds are required to fit the spectra of 2MASSW J0036159+182110, suggesting there likely exists some complex interplay between the starspots driving the variability of this ultra-cool dwarf and the clouds that appear to envelope this ultra-cool dwarf.
SPATIAL RESOLUTION AND REYNOLDS NUMBER EFFECTS

In this paper we consider the contributions to the streamwise broadband turbulence intensity from large and small scale motions in turbulent boundary layers, where here small-scale refers to motions with wavelengths less than one boundary layer thickness long. How these contributions change with increasing Reynolds number is discussed together with the attenuation effects due to insufficient spatial resolution, particularly in the near-wall region. These considerations are combined with the attached eddy hypothesis to guide a new correction formula that accounts for spatial filtering effects at all wall-normal positions. The new formulation is validated against existing data and is shown to work very well.
Tailoring the Structural, Morphological, Electrochemical, and Dielectric Properties of Solid Polymer Electrolyte

Herein, we present preparation of solid polymer electrolyte (SPE) comprising of PEO, NaPF6 and varying fraction of Succinonitrile (SN) by standard solution cast technique. The morphological features and structural properties were studied by the FESEM, XRD, respectively. FTIR was performed to study the interactions between polymer host, salt, and SN. Impedance spectroscopy, Transference number measurements, LSV and CV were used to examine the electrochemical properties. The complex permittivity/conductivity & modulus were studied to understand the dielectric properties by evaluating the dielectric strength, relaxation time, hopping frequency and dc conductivity. Based on the experimental results an interaction mechanism is presented.
Die Feldstudien zur Internationalen statistischen Klassifikation der Krankheiten und verwandter Gesundheitsprobleme (ICD) – Version 11 und die zukünftige Klassifikation sexueller Störungen

Ein Ende des mehrjährigen Unterfangens, die Internationale Statistische Klassifikation der Krankheiten und verwandter Gesundheitsprobleme (ICD) zu revidieren, ist in Sicht: 2018 soll die 11. Version der ICD vorliegen und deren Einführung von den Mitgliedsstaaten der Weltgesundheitsorganisation ( World Health Organisation , WHO) bei der sogenannten World Health Assem-bly beschlossen werden
Cloud Computing for Citizen Science

My thesis describes the design and implementation of systems that empower individuals to help their communities respond to critical situations and to participate in research that helps them understand and improve their environments. People want to help their communities respond to threats such as earthquakes, wildfires, mudslides and hurricanes, and they want to participate in research that helps them understand and improve their environment. “Citizen Science” projects that facilitate this interaction include projects that monitor climate change, water quality and animal habitats. My thesis explores the design and analysis of community-based sense and response systems that enable individuals to participate in critical community activities and scientific research that monitors their environments.
The Association between STOP-BANG and Mallampati Scores in Commercial Drivers referred for health license

Background and Objective: Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is considered a common sleep disorder that increases the risk of traffic accidents among drivers. This study aimed to assess the association between Mallampati score and STOP-BANG (Snoring, Tiredness, Observed apnea, Blood Pressure, Body Mass Index, Age, Neck circumference, Gender) score in commercial drivers. Materials and Methods: 1743 male drivers referred for their health license were recruited in this cross-sectional study during September 2013 to December 2015 in Baharloo Hospital, Tehran, Iran. The Persian version of the STOP-BANG ques-tionnaire was used. STO symptoms were self-reported by drivers. Age, height (m), weight (kg), blood pressure (mmHg), neck circumference (cm), and Mallampati score were recorded by physician. STO and P-BANG scores were computed for all the participants. Data were analyzed using ANOVA test for comparing means among different classes of Mallampati score. Results : Among 1743 participated drivers, mean (SD) age was 41 (10.6) years. STOP-BANG score was < 3 in 90.0% of them. Mallampati class II was the most frequent (36.0%) following by I, III, and IV, respectively. STO score was more likely to be higher in classes III and IV with no significant association. P-BANG score had significant linear correlation with Mallampati score (df: 3, F: 34, P < 0.001). STOP-BANG score was associated with higher Mallampati score (df: 3, F: 31, P < 0.001). Conclusion: STOP-BANG and P-BANG scores were significantly associated with Mallampati score. Mallampati score may be used as a screening parameter for OSA in commercial drivers along with available tools such as STOP-BANG and Epworth Sleepiness Scale that is mainly based on self-reports of drivers.
THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN ATHEROSCLEROSIS AND PULMONARY EMPHYSEMA POVEZANOST ATEROSKLEROZE I EMFIZEMA PLUĆA

Atherosclerosis (AS) (a metabolic, chronic, inflammatory, immune-mediated disease of the arterial walls) is a global health problem. In developed countries, AS and its complications (thrombosis, bleeding, ulceration, rupture, calcification, and aneurysms) account for 50% of all deaths [1]. Huge amounts of data have been collected about this disease of civilization: experimental, clinical, functional and ultrastructural, including those that point to common pathogenic mechanisms in the development of AS and pulmonary emphysema (PE), which is also widespread [2-5]. Pulmonary emphysema (abnormal and permanent enlargement of the airspaces distal to the terminal bronchioles accompanied by destruction of the alveo-
Image analysis of 2-dimensional root system architecture

Root system architecture is essential for plant nutrient and water uptake and is therefore crucial for plant development. Root system responses to heterogeneous soil conditions are of highest interest in plant nutrition, plant hydrology as well as plant breeding. An entire quantication of these root responses i.e. phenotypical expressions calls for (a) elaborate experimental work (b) appropriate imaging techniques (c) advanced image analysis. In the last years there has been enormous progress in imaging techniques in terms of cost and image resolution, while there has been less progress in automated data evaluation. In this work we want to discuss existing as well as new ideas how to analyse 2-dimensional images of root system architecture, and how to extract relevant parameters describing it.
One-stage nitritation - anaerobic ammonium oxidation at low temperatures in a moving bed biofilm reactor

Bacteria capable of anaerobic ammonium oxidation (anammox) enable autotrophic nitrogen removal. Organic carbon in wastewater can instead be utilized for energy production. However, anammox-based processes are not yet used at any extent for treatment of the main stream at wastewater treatment plants. One of the reasons for this is the challenge for the slow growing autotrophic bacteria to work at low temperatures. Here we investigate one-stage nitritation-anammox at temperatures of 13-16°C in a pilot moving bed biofilm reactor (MBBR) receiving reject water from anaerobic sludge digestion. At a target nitrogen loading rate of 1 g NH4+-N m-2 d-1 the average nitrogen removal rate was 0.81 g NH4+-N m-2 d-1 and 0.55 g NH4+-N m-2 d-1 at 16°C and 13°C respectively. At low temperatures oxygen control is important to avoid oxygen penetration to the deeper parts of the biofilm, which causes inhibition of the anammox bacteria and as a result nitrite accumulation. Hence, the process was operated at conditions to limit the activity of the aerobic ammonium oxidizing bacteria (AOB) by oxygen availability. The biofilm biomass was dominated by anammox bacteria, with 1.0 × 1014 copies m-2 (16S rRNA), with considerably fewer AOB of 2.1 × 1012 copies m-2 (amoA), as measured by quantitative PCR. Cell specific conversion rates of anammox bacteria and AOB were estimated at 0.3-0.5 fmol N cell-1 d-1 and 7-9 fmol N cell-1 d-1, respectively. The study shows the applicability of one-stage nitritation-anammox in MBBRs at low temperatures and highlights the importance of quantification of AOB and anammox bacteria for understanding process performance.
SLOPE AT ZERO CROSSINGS (ZC) OF SPEECH SIGNAL FOR MULTI -SPEAKER ACTIVITY DETECTION

Multi-Speaker activity (MSA) detection helps in detecting the presence of whether the speech signals has a single speaker or multiple speaker speeches in the speech signal. It is easy to calculate the slope at ZCs (zero crossings) of the speech signal and makes a comparison with a suitable threshold (Th). Multi-speaker is declared as and when the zero crossing value exceeds the threshold. The impact of the proposed technique is compared to the existing technique by calculating the sample-by-sample ZCR (Zero crossing rate) value is demonstrated. Experimental results prove that the proposed ZCR technique achieves accurate results than the traditional techniques for MSA detection that uses the cepstrum resynthesis residual magnitude (CRRM) in the literature.
SEQUENCE MODELING WITH RECURRENT TENSOR NETWORKS

We introduce the recurrent tensor network, a recurrent neural network model that replaces the matrix-vector multiplications of a standard recurrent neural network with bilinear tensor products. We compare its performance against networks that employ long short-term memory (LSTM) networks. Our results demonstrate that using tensors to capture the interactions between network inputs and history can lead to substantial improvement in predictive performance on the language modeling task.