Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
On the robustness of cosmological axion mass limits

Eleonora Di Valentino, 2 Stefano Gariazzo, 4 Elena Giusarma, and Olga Mena CNRS, UMR 7095, Institut d’Astrophysique de Paris, F-75014, Paris, France Sorbonne Universites, Institut Lagrange de Paris (ILP), F-75014, Paris, France Department of Physics, University of Torino, Via P. Giuria 1, I–10125 Torino, Italy INFN, Sezione di Torino, Via P. Giuria 1, I–10125 Torino, Italy Physics Department and INFN, Universita di Roma “La Sapienza”, Ple Aldo Moro 2, 00185, Rome, Italy IFIC, Universidad de Valencia-CSIC, 46071, Valencia, Spain
Effects of friction between the ball and strings in tennis

When a tennis ball is incident at an oblique angle on a tennis racket, the ball slides or rolls along the strings before it rebounds. The dynamics of this interaction in a direction perpendicular to the string plane are determined by the coefficient of restitution (COR). In a direction parallel to the string plane, the dynamics depend on the coefficients of sliding (μS) and rolling (μR) friction, and also depend on the COR. For example, if μS=0, and if the ball impacts in the middle of the strings, then the ball will rebound with no change in its spin or parallel speed. Spaghetti strings, with a high value of μS, are banned from competitive tennis since they can be used to impart excessive spin to the ball. It is shown that the most useful strings are those with μS > 0.3 and that the performance of the strings deteriorates sharply if μS drops below about 0.3.
A Filtering Technique for Three-Phase Power Systems

A novel filter for use in three-phase power systems is introduced. When the input to the filter is a three-phase balanced set of signals, the filter suppresses noise and distortions and extracts a smooth version of the fundamental components. When the input signal to the filter is unbalanced, it extracts the positive-sequence components of the input signal. The filter also estimates the magnitude, phase-angle and frequency of the input signal while adaptively accommodates variations in all these three variables. Characteristics of the filter including its mathematical equations as well as steady-state and dynamic responses are discussed in this paper. Structural simplicity and robustness of the filter make it desirable for power system application. It can specifically be used as an adaptive anti-aliasing filter
Sparse 3 D Model Reconstruction from photographs

Nowaday, millions photos and videos are being shared and displayed on the internet everyday. Large photograph collections of buildings, statues and various touristattraction sites can be found easily on the internet. Ones no longer need to leave computers to ”visit” the Notre Dame Cathedral in Paris or the Great Wall in China and many other sites in the world. Simply searching via large collections of photo on Google or Flickr, one can see all these places in large-scale and in details. However, images of these large constructions still lack of visualization technology to give users immerse experiences in browsing through them. Therefore to effectively and efficiently utilize this visual information, more and more efforts are put into developing visualization and user-interfaces tools to help users browsing through it. In this project, I propose a system for interactively browsing and exploring photographs of sites using 3D-interface. The system will provide interactive users-interfaces to navigate the 3D point cloud. Therefore, the software will enable users to visualize sites through sparse, 3D reconstructed scene giving users more intuitive and creative ways to browse and view their photographs. Project Blog: cis-497-3dreconstruction.blogspot. com
The Study of MASPs Knockout Mice

Plasma proteases, e.g. thrombin, factor X, complement factor D and C1s are responsible for the physiological activities, such as coagulation and complement system. These proteases circulate as their zymogen in blood and are activated by various stimulations. In this chapter, we focus on a family of plasma serine proteases, called MASP (MBL/ficolinassociated serine protease) that can activate the complement. Three distinct MASP, MASP-1, MASP-2 and MASP-3 have been identified in many species of vertebrates. Although the contribution of MASP-2 in activation of complement was well defined, the substrates for MASP-1 and MASP-3 were still obscure. We have generated MASP-1and MASP-3-deficient mice (Masp1/3-/-) to verify roles of MASP-1 and MASP-3 proteases in vivo. One major finding is that MASP-1, considered being a lectin pathway component—also acts as a pro-factor D (Df) convertase, the initiator of the alternative pathway. Our results emphasize a unique feature of MASP-1, participating two complement pathways. We also generated MASP-2 deficient mice. In here, we would like to summarize the results obtained from these knockout mice.
Analytical Model for Cold-formed Steel Framed Shear Wall with Steel Sheet Sheathing

The cold-formed steel framed shear wall sheathed with steel sheet sheathing (CFS-SSSW) is a code approved lateral force resisting system for light framed construction. The AISI Steel Framing Standards – Lateral Design (AISI S21307) provides design provisions for CFS-SSSW. The development of the nominal strength of CFS-SSSW in AISI S213 was based on full-scale experiments which were subjected to limitations in both wall configurations and material properties. This paper presents an analytical model – the Effective Strip Model developed for predicting the nominal strength of CFS-SSSWs. The proposed analytical model and supporting design equations are further verified by experimental results. The proposed design approach shows good agreements with test results. The statistical assessment indicates that the new design method is reliable and providing designers an alternate tool to determine the capacity of CFS-SSSWs besides conducting full-scale physical shear wall testing. 1 Graduate Research Assistant, Department of Engineering Technology, University of North Texas, Denton, TX, 2 Associate Professor, Department of Engineering Technology, University of North Texas, Denton, TX, Twenty-First International Specialty Conference on Cold-Formed Steel Structures St. Louis, Missouri, USA, October 24 & 25, 2012
Typical and Atypical Stem Cell Niches of the Adult Nervous System in Health and Inflammatory Brain and Spinal Cord Diseases

The central nervous system (CNS) is inhabited by a heterogeneous population of cells (i.e. neurons and glia) and is marked by a highly complex anatomical structure [1]. In states of host homoeostasis the putative majority of cells in the CNS are long-lived and typically do not require replacement. Nonetheless, neurogenesis in the adult mammalian brain has been shown to occur in a myriad of locations, under a diverse set of physiologic/pathophysiologic condi‐ tions [2-10]. Neurogenesis is driven by stem cells which can be defined by their ability to produce both identical daughter cells (self-renewal) and progeny with more restricted fates (commitment and differentiation) [11]. To be classified as a neural stem cell (NSC), cells should be able to self-renew and give rise to a variety of mature progeny that make up the CNS, including neurons, astrocytes and oligodendrocytes [12-16]. However, fate-restricted precur‐ sor cells capable of self-renewal, but which concurrently display restricted differentiation potential, also reside in the CNS. These cells are often unipotent and are referred to as neural progenitor cells (NPC) [17, 18], for example, oligodendrocyte precursor cells (OPC) are able to self-renew, but typically produce only oligodendrocytes [18, 19].
Dense molecular cocoons in the massive protocluster W3 IRS5: a test case for models of massive star formation

Context. Two competing models describe the formation of massive stars in objects like the Orion Trapezium. In the turbulent core accretion model, the resulting stellar masses are directly related to the mass distribution of the cloud condensations. In the competitive accretion model, the gravitational potential of the protocluster captures gas from the surrounding cloud for which the individual cluster members compete. Aims. With high resolution submillimeter observations of the structure, kinematics, and chemistry of the proto-Trapezium cluster W3 IRS5, we aim to determine which mode of star formation dominates. Methods. We present 354 GHz Submillimeter Array observations at resolutions of 1 0 0 -3 0 0 (1800-5400 AU) of W3 IRS5. The dust continuum traces the compact source structure and masses of the individual cores, while molecular lines of CS, SO, SO2, HCN, H2CS, HNCO, and CH3OH (and isotopologues) reveal the gas kinematics, density, and temperature. Results. The observations show five emission peaks (SMM1-5). SMM1 and SMM2 contain massive embedded stars (similar to 20 M fi); SMM3-5 are starless or contain low-mass stars (<8 M fi). The inferred densities are high, similar to 107 cm 3, but the core masses are small, 0 : 2 0 : 6 M fi. The detected molecular emission reveals four di ff erent chemical zones. Abundant (X similar to few 10 7 to 10 6) SO and SO2 are associated with SMM1 and SMM2, indicating active sulfur chemistry. A low abundance (5 similar to 10 8) of CH3OH concentrated on SMM3 /4 suggest the presence of a hot core that is only just turning on, possibly by external feedback from SMM1 /2. The gas kinematics are complex with contributions from a near pole-on outflow traced by CS, SO, and HCN; rotation in SO2, and a jet in vibrationally excited HCN. Conclusions. The proto-Trapezium cluster W3 IRS5 is an ideal test case to discriminate between models of massive star formation. Either the massive stars accrete locally from their local cores; in this case the small core masses imply that W3 IRS5 is at the very end stages (1000 yr) of infall and accretion, or the stars are accreting from the global collapse of a massive, cluster forming core. We find that the observed masses, densities and line widths observed toward W3 IRS 5 and the surrounding cluster forming core are consistent with the competitive accretion of gas at rates of. M similar to 10 4 M fi yr 1 by the massive young forming stars. Future mapping of the gas kinematics from large to small scales will determine whether large-scale gas inflow occurs and how the cluster members compete to accrete this material.
A proper orthogonal decomposition approach to approximate balanced truncation of infinite dimensional linear systems

We extend a method for approximate balanced reduced order model derivation for finite dimensional linear systems developed by Rowley (Int. J. Bifur. Chaos Appl. Sci. Eng. 15(3) (2005), pp. 997–1013) to infinite dimensional systems. The algorithm is related to standard balanced truncation, but includes aspects of the proper orthogonal decomposition in its computational approach. The method can be also applied to nonlinear systems. Numerical results are presented for a convection diffusion system.
Photocatalytic Water Splitting with the Cr‐Doped Ba2In2O5/In2O3 Composite Oxide Semiconductors.

The Cr-doped Ba2In2O5/In2O3 (C−BIO) oxide semiconductors synthesized by a solid-state reaction method were found to be a novel composite photocatalyst system with enhanced activity for water splitting. The C−BIO powder samples were characterized with X-ray diffraction (XRD), UV−vis diffuse reflectance spectrometry, energy dispersive spectrometry (EDS), and high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM). The photocatalytic activities of Pt- or NiO-loaded C−BIO and individual precursor materials were evaluated by H2 evolution from aqueous CH3OH solution under visible light and by pure water splitting under UV light irradiation, respectively. It was found that the composite C−BIO showed a higher H2 evolution rate in comparison with individual materials. The overall band structure, charge carrier excitation, separation, and transportation and the redox reactions for H2 and O2 evolution in the C−BIO system are discussed in relation to the photophysical and photocatalytic properties, and some guidelin.
Performance of Varying Genetic Algorithm Techniques in Online Auction

Genetic algorithm is one of the successful optimization algorithm used in computing to find exact or approximate solutions for certain complex problems. This novel algorithm was first introduced by John Holland in 1975 (Holland, 1975). Besides Holland, many other researchers have also contributed to genetic algorithm (Davis, 1987; Davis, 1991; Grefenstte, 1986; Goldberg, 1989; Michalewicz, 1992). This is an algorithm that imitates the evolutionary process concept based on the Darwinian Theory which emphasizes on the law of “the survival of the fittest”. This algorithm used techniques which are inspired from evolution biology such as inheritance, selection, crossover and mutation (Engelbrecht, 2002).
Laser Diode Optical Frequency Stabilization by Employing Modulated Sideband Light

あらまし 本論文では半導体レーザ (LD) 発振周波数の ITU-T(国際電気通信連合電気通信標準化部門)に よって規定された周波数グリッドへの変調サイドバンド光を用いた安定化方式について提案し,その原理と実験 的検証結果を述べている. 周波数安定化に従来使われてきた気体分子遷移吸収線周波数は,光ファイバ通信で用 いる 1.5 μm 波長帯にてアンカ周波数として規定された 193.1 THz とそのグリッド展開値とは一般に一致せず, 離れた周波数に位置している. この両者の離調周波数によって光位相変調器を変調し,その変調サイドバンド 光を気体分子吸収線周波数と一致させることによって ITU-T グリッド周波数に一致した LD 固有の発振周波数 を得る方式である. シアンガス同位体 H13C15N を用いて半導体レーザ光を 193.1 THz に安定化させたところ, 300 kHz 以内の安定化,積分時間 30000 秒(約 8 時間)の計測によるアラン分散で 10−11 が達成できた. キーワード 半導体レーザ,変調サイドバンド,周波数安定化
Game Theory and Microarray Data Analysis

Acknowledgements When three years ago I started this PhD adventure I could not realize that I would be involved in a so exciting and fascinating experience. I got my degree in mathematics several years ago and after so long time spent as a teacher of mathematics and physics in high school, I certainly did not imagine I would be able to carry out a research work in an area completely new for me as game theory. Here I would like to to thank all people who supported me in this research adventure. First of all I want to thank my thesis advisor Roberto Lucchetti for his acute, precise and precious supervision and especially for his enthusiastic and driving approach to the main issues I had to face in my thesis work. I am also grateful to my coauthors Stefano Moretti and Fioravante Patrone for their precious collaboration. My thanks to my friend Carlo Angaroni for his support in the management of data base, to Emanuela Scacheri who introduced me to the microarray analysis explaining to me the whole process from the extraction of the DNA fragments to the final gene expression and to Luca Candiani and Stefano Bosia for their contribution in building the software to process the data. I am grateful to my parents for their warm encouragement and to my husband Paolo for his scientific support for molecular biology and for his constant encouragement especially in the most difficult moments. And thanks also to my sons, Tommaso and Andrea, who sometimes had to deal with a tired and a little nervous mom; thanks to them for their patience.
Electrochemotherapy

Electrochemotherapy is now in development for treatment of deep-seated tumors, like in bones and internal organs, such as liver. The technology is available with a newly developed electric pulse generator and long needle electrodes; however the procedures for the treatment are not standardized yet. In order to describe the treatment procedure, including treatment planning, within the ongoing clinical study, a case of successful treatment of a solitary metastasis in the liver of colorectal cancer is presented. The procedure was performed intraoperatively by inserting long needle electrodes, two in the center of the tumor and four around the tumor into the normal tissue. The insertion of electrodes proved to be feasible and was done according to the treatment plan, prepared by numerical modeling. After intravenous bolus injection of bleomycin the tumor was exposed to electric pulses. The delivery of the electric pulses did not interfere with functioning of the heart, since the pulses were synchronized with electrocardiogram in order to be delivered outside the vulnerable period of the ventricles. Also the post treatment period was uneventful without side effects. Re-operation of the treated metastasis demonstrated feasibility of the reoperation, without secondary effects of electrochemotherapy on normal tissue. Good antitumor effectiveness with complete tumor destruction was confirmed with histological analysis. The patient is disease-free 16 months after the procedure. In conclusion, treatment procedure for electrochemotherapy proved to be a feasible technological approach for treatment of liver metastasis. Due to the absence of the side effects and the first complete destruction of the treated tumor, treatment procedure for electrochemotherapy seems to be a safe method for treatment of liver metastases with good treatment effectiveness even in difficult-to-reach locations.
Ear-Related Issues in Patients with Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma

Nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) is the sixth most common cancer in Singapore amongst males. Each year, there are 300-400 new cases diagnosed (Singapore cancer registry 20052009). NPC is endemic in Southeast Asia, North Africa, and parts of the Mediterranean basin, with the highest prevalence in Southern China where an average of 80 cases per 100,000 populations is reported each year (Loong et al., 2008).
Assessing temporal couplings in social–ecological island systems: historical deforestation and soil loss on Mauritius (Indian Ocean)

Temporal couplings, such as historical interactions between deforestation and soil loss, are responsible for the current state of a wide range of ecosystem services of the social–ecological system on Mauritius. Islands are suitable study sites for understanding temporal couplings and telecouplings because of their: (1) clearly defined physical boundaries, (2) finite local resources, and (3) relatively short human history. Six well-documented historical deforestation maps, starting from the first colonization of Mauritius in 1638, were used as input parameters to model two scenarios of cumulative soil loss, with and without deforestation, using the revised universal soil loss equation in a geographic information system. The scenarios show that historical deforestation since 1638 has resulted in a cumulative soil loss that drastically exceeds soil loss under a natural baseline scenario without deforestation. The adopted method illustrates to what extent the current state of the soil of a social–ecological system is negatively affected by past human–environment interactions. We suggest that potential negative impacts on insular societies are mitigated by telecouplings such as food, fuel, and fertilizer imports.
Therapeutic Nanomedicine 19 CroSSlINkED mICEllES wITh TrANSIENTly lINkED DrugS – A vErSATIlE

Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is the most common cause of dementia and afflicts an estimated 16 million people worldwide. Clinical diagnosis can be made with only 65–90% accuracy, even when the disease progresses. Although there are some drugs that can slightly alleviate its symptoms, there is currently no treatment that can prevent this neurodegenerative disorder, delay its onset or slow its progress. In order to solve some of the AD challenges, nanotechnology may offer some promising techniques. Recently proposed applications of nanotechnology for the early diagnosis of AD include localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) spectroscopy, nanomaterial-based two-photon Rayleigh scattering (TPRS) assay for detecting proteins or nanofluidic biosensor using a controlled, reproducible surface enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS). Nanotechnological therapies of AD comprise neuroprotection against oxidative stress, lowering brain metal ions by the administration of chelator-nanoparticle systems, anti-amyloid therapeutics and drug delivery beyond the blood brain barrier using nanoparticle carriers. All of these applications may lead to an improvement of diagnosis and therapy of AD and thus are a step toward the cure of AD.
Root traits rather than functional diversity of soil microorganisms respond to drought and plant species composition in Mediterranean shrubland species

Belowground responses are critical in understanding how plants cope with the predicted increase in drought intensity and frequency in the Mediterranean region, because plant root systems compete with each other and interact with soil microbial communities under limiting water availability. However, the combined responses of plant roots and soil microorganisms to drought are not well understood. Using an experimental approach, we addressed the question of how recurrent drought and different combinations of two individuals from three common Mediterranean plant species (Quercus coccifera, Cistus albidus, and Brachypodium retusum) affect root characteristics and soil microbial activity. We hypothesized that drought effects on root characteristics and associated soil microbial communities are stronger when plant individuals of the same species compete for limiting water compared to inter-specific competition. Root morphological traits were more affected by the species identity of the neighbor individual than by recurrent severe drought, particularly in B. retusum, which may in part explain the higher survival previously observed for this species. On the other hand, drought and plant composition had little effect on root-associated soil microbes’ ability to use a wide range of different carbon substrates. Overall, our results did not confirm stronger effects of intra- compared to interspecific competition on the root and microbial responses, but showed strong species identity effects.
The relationship between daily positive future thinking and past-week suicidal ideation in youth: An experience sampling study

Reduced positive future thinking has been associated with suicidal ideation and behavior in adults, and appears to be exacerbated by negative affect. Yet, this has received little attention in youth. Prior research has also focused on longer-term future thinking, e.g., months and years, and relied on lab-based assessments. Using the experience sampling method (ESM), we investigated whether short-term future thinking in daily life was associated with suicidal ideation in youth and explored the role of affect in the future thinking–suicidal ideation relationship. A community sample of N = 722 adolescent twins and their non-twin siblings completed ESM as part of the TwinssCan study (n = 55 with, and n = 667 without, past-week suicidal ideation). Participants completed self-report questionnaires, including on past-week suicidal ideation as part of the SCL-90. Subsequently, daily future thinking was assessed each morning for six days with ESM. To investigate the relationship between daily positive future thinking and past-week suicidal ideation, we estimated a mixed-effects linear regression model with a random intercept for participant, including age and sex as covariates. The relationship between daily positive future thinking, past-week suicidal ideation, and average positive and negative affect from the previous day was investigated by estimating two separate mixed-effects linear regression models (one for negative affect, one for positive affect), with a random intercept for participant, and random slopes for average positive and negative affect. Our results showed that participants reporting higher past-week suicidal ideation also reported significantly less daily positive future thinking during the ESM period, and this association remained significant when controlling for previous-day average positive and negative affect. Higher average positive affect from the previous day was significantly associated with higher positive future thinking. Although average negative affect from the previous day was associated with lower positive future thinking, this association was not statistically significant. Our findings indicate that short-term future thinking relates to suicidal ideation among a non-clinical sample of adolescents. Future research should investigate the directionality of the future thinking–suicidal ideation relationship, in order to investigate whether impaired future thinking may be an early warning signal for escalating suicidal ideation in youth.