Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
ESTIMATING SAMPLING ERRORS FOR MOVEMENTS IN THE UK INDEX OF PRODUCTION

Methodology for estimating the sampling error of the non-seasonally adjusted estimate of level of the Index of Production (IoP) has previously been developed using Taylor linearisation and parametric bootstrap methods with both producing comparable results. From the study it was considered that the parametric bootstrap would be more practical to implement. This paper describes the methodology that is being developed to estimate the sampling error of the non-seasonally adjusted IoP change using the parametric bootstrap, along with the data that is needed from the contributing surveys, the assumptions made and the practical problems met during development.
On the structure of dynamic bayesian networks for complex scene modelling

We introduce the idea of constructing Dynamic Bayesian Networks (DBNs) with hierarchical structures for modelling complex scenes at both the event level and the activity level simultaneously. Practical issues regarding the structure design of a DBN with multiple hidden processes and hierarchical structure are identified and discussed. Experiments are presented to compare a Multi-Observation Hidden Markov Model (MOHMM), a Hierarchical MOHMM, a Hierarchical Dynamically Multi-Linked Hidden Markov Model (DML-HMM), and a Hierarchical 2-layer DMLHMM (2L-DML-HMM) for complex scene modelling. It is demonstrated that only the Multi-Observation Hidden Markov Model is able to perform meaningful factorisation in the activity state space and to extract the deterministic temporal structure of activities occurred in a complex dynamic scene.
Extending the Capability of Attitude Control Systems to Assist Satellite Docking Missions

Docking an in-orbit satellite by another satellite is a challenging task, especially when the target satellite is not co-operative or not originally designed for docking operation. This paper discusses docking operation and proposes an attitude control method capable of assisting docking operation. Simulation study has demonstrated that the method can promisingly assist soft docking and therefore reduces the requirements for docking interface design.
Gesture and the Mathematics of Motion.

This paper investigates one high school student's use of gestures in an interview context in which he worked on the problem of understanding graphical representations of motion. The goal of the investigation was to contribute a detailed analysis of the process of learning as it occurred over a short time period in order to contribute to the broader understanding of the role of the body in the development of new knowledge in mathematics. In particular, the paper addresses the following questions: (1) How might students make the link between powerful understanding of visual attributes of graphs and the bodily experiences of creating graphs of their own motions? ; and (2) How can the dynamic nature of gestures help students understand the dynamic nature of graphs of motion? (SOE) Reproductions supplied by EDRS are the best that can be made from the original document.
The Boundaries of Speech and Song

A primary element in scientific investigation is the categorization or classification of the phenomena studied. We are concerned here with the development of a method of classification by which distinctions can be made between two forms of human sound communication, speech and song. This method should also make feasible the proper classification of any existing intermediate forms and should indicate their relations to each other and to speech and song as such. There are several thousand languages in the world and it can be assumed that there exist at least an equal number of fairly well differentiated cultures. No one scholar shall ever be competent to develop a valid classification system of the type envisaged on the basis of his own work only. Nor has the problem to be discussed here been much investigated in the past. All that can be done at this time, then, is to survey a few of the problems involved in carrying out such a project and to outline a tentative system of classification which may possibly be useful as a springboard for further development in this direction. There exist other types of human sound communication besides speech and song. Among these are various signalling devices as, for example, drum, horn, and xylophone speech, and whistled speech. In addition to these forms there is instrumental music, hummed melodies, and imitations of animal cries. The post-prandial courtesy belch of the Orient is also a form of human sound communication, although it may defy classification. Speech and song display certain characteristics which, taken as a group, set them apart from the other forms listed. Both speech and song are 1) vocally produced, 2) linguistically meaningful, and 3) melodic. None of the other forms of human sound communication that have been mentioned share all three of these traits. The first two characteristics of speech and song, vocal production and linguistic meaningfulness, could undoubtedly be utilized in developing a classification system. However, the problems involved are so complex that these traits have at this time been omitted from consideration. We shall therefore, in general, base our classification system upon the third characteristic only, that of being melodic. Nevertheless, some discussion of the second trait or characteristic, meaningfulness, is necessary in order to define our terms.
Concentraciones de colesterol, alfa -tocoferol y retinoides en aceite de silicona tras su utilizaciσn como sustitutivo vνtreo

espanolObjetivo: Determinar si existen concentraciones de compuestos lipofilicos de origen organico en muestras de aceite de silicona extraidas de ojos humanos y comprobar si existe alguna relacion con el tiempo de permanencia intraocular del aceite. Metodos: Por cromatografia liquida de alta resolucion (HPLC) se han determinado las concentraciones de acido retinoico, retinol, retinal, colesterol y α-tocoferol en 23 muestras de aceite de silicona de 1.000 cs, extraνdas de pacientes con desprendimientos complejos de retina con tiempos de permanencia intraocular variables (3 a 50 meses). Resultados: Se han encontrado concentraciones de todos los compuestos, sobre todo de colesterol, y en menor medida de α-tocoferol. Se ha observado una correlaciσn inversa de la edad y las concentraciones de alfa cido retinoico (p=0,023). Y una correlaciσn directa entre el tiempo de permanencia intraocular del aceite y los niveles de colesterol (p=0,0008) que se mantiene hasta los 20 meses. Conclusiones: Se confirma que el aceite de silicona no es una sustancia tan inerte ya que es capaz de disolver compuestos lipidicos procedentes de tejidos intraoculares. Existe una elevacion linear de los niveles de colesterol que podria utilizarse como orientacion para decidir cuando extraer el aceite de silicona, aunque hacen falta estudios con series mas grandes. EnglishObjective: To verify the existence of organic lipophylic compounds in silicone oil extracted from human eyes following its use for previous retinal detachment, and to determine the intraocular permanence time of these substances in the oil. Methods: Concentrations of retinoic acid, retinol, retinal, cholesterol and α-tocopherol were detected by HPLC in 23 samples of silicone oil extracted from patients with complicated retinal detachments. The time interval between the time of injection of the silicone oil and the subsequent assessment varied from 3 to 50 months (the permanence time). Results: All tested compounds were found in the samples, but these were most commonly cholesterol and less frequently α-tocopherol. There was an inverse relationship between retinoic acid concentration and age (p=0.023), and a direct relationship between cholesterol concentration and permanence time (p=0.0008) at least up to 20 months. Conclusions: These findings confirm that silicone oil is not an inert substance but is capable of extracting lipophylic compounds from the intraocular tissues. There is a clear linear elevation of cholesterol levels with increased intraocular permanence time. This finding could be used to further establish a safe permanence time for intraocular silicone oil used in ophthalmologic surgery. More studies with larger samples are warranted to evaluate this further.
Towards a procedural understanding of semantics

The term "procedural semantics" has been used in a variety of ways, not all compatible, and not all comprehensible. In this paper, I have chosen to apply the term to a broad paradigm for studying semantics (and in fact, all of linguistics). This paradigm has developed in a context of writing computer programs which use natural language, but it is not a theory of computer programs or programming techniques. It is "procedural" because it looks at the underlying structure of language as fundamentally shaped by the nature of processes for language production and comprehension. It is based on the belief that there is a level of explanation at which there are significant similarities between the psychological processes of human language use and the computational processes in computer programs we can construct and study. Its goal is to develop a body of theory at this level. This approach necessitates abandoning or modifying several currently accepted doctrines, including the way in which distinctions have been drawn between "semantics" and "pragmatics" and between "performance" and "competence". The paper has three major sections. It first lays out the paradigm assumptions which guide the enterprise, and elaborates a model of cognitive processing and language use. It then illustrates how some specific semantic problems might be approached from a procedural perspective, and contrasts the procedural approach with formal structural and truth conditional approaches. Finally, it discusses the goals of linguistic theory and the nature of the linguistic explanation. Much of what is presented here is a speculation about the nature of a paradigm yet to be developed. This paper is an attempt to be evocative rather than definitive; to convey intuitions rather than to formulate crucial arguments which justify this approach over others. It will be successful if it suggests some ways of looking at language which lead to further understanding.
Mudflap: Pointer use checking for C/C

Mudflap is a pointer use checking technology based on compile-time instrumentation. It transparently adds protective code to a variety of potentially unsafe C/C++ constructs that detect actual erroneous uses at run time. The class of errors detected includes the most common and annoying types: NULL pointer dereferencing, running off the ends of buffers and strings, leaking memory. Mudflap has heuristics that allow some degree of checking even if only a subset of a program’s object modules are instrumented.
Towards Automatic Object Segmentation with Sequential Multiple Views

Object segmentation is one of the fundamental steps for a number of robotic applications such as manipulation, object detection, and obstacle avoidance. This paper proposes a visual method for incorporating colour and depth information from sequential multiview stereo images to segment objects of interest from complex and cluttered environments. Rather than segmenting objects using information from a single frame in the sequence, we incorporate information from neighbouring views to increase the reliability of the information and improve the overall segmentation result. Specifically, dense depth information of a scene is computed using multiple view stereo. Depths from neighbouring views are reprojected into the reference frame to be segmented compensating for imperfect depth computations for individual frames. The multiple depth layers are then combined with color information from the reference frame to create a Markov random field to model the segmentation problem. Finally, graphcut optimisation is employed to infer pixels belonging to the object to be segmented. The segmentation accuracy is evaluated over images from an outdoor video sequence demonstrating the viability for automatic object segmentation for mobile robots using monocular cameras as a primary sensor.
JSR-133: Java Memory Model and Thread Specification

This document is the community review draft of the JSR-133 specification, the Java Memory Model (JMM) and Thread Specification. This specification is intended to be part of the JSR-176 umbrella for the Tiger (1.5) release of Java, and is intended to replace Chapter 17 of the Java Language Specification and Chapter 8 of the Java Virtual Machine Specification. The current draft has been written generically to apply to both, the final version will include two different versions, essentially identical in semantics but using the appropriate terminology for each. The discussion and development of this specification has been unusally detailed and technical , involving insights and advances in a number of academic topics. This discussion is archived (and continues) at the JMM web site The web site provides additional information that may help in understanding how this specification was arrived at. The core semantics (Sections 4 – 7) is intended to describe semantics allowed by existing JVMs. The existing chapters of the JLS and JVMS specify semantics that are at odds with optimizations performed by many existing JVMs. The proposed core semantics should not cause issues for existing JVM implementations, although they may limit potential future optimizations and implementations. The expert group seeks feedback on two technical issues: a choice of a weak or strong causality model (Section 7.4), and an issue regarding the semantics of notify and interrupt (Section 12.4). The JSR-133 expert group urges all readers to examine these issues and provide the expert group with feedback on them. The weak causality model could allow more compiler optimizations, the strong model could provide more safety guarantees. However, we have not found any compelling and realistic examples of optimizations or guarantees that would guide the choice between the strong and weak causality model. This document proposes the strong causality model, since any JVM that is compliant with the strong causality model will also be compliant with the weak causality model. JCP members are also urged to closely read the semantics on final fields (Sections 3.5 and 8). This is the one place most likely to require JVM implementors to change their implementation to be compliant with JSR-133. In particular, memory barriers or other techniques may be required to ensure that other threads see the correct values for final fields of immutable objects, even in the presence of data races.
Comparaison d'analyses phonétiques de parole dysarthrique basées sur un alignement manuel et un alignement automatique

Les performances d'une procedure d'alignement automatique permettant la description de la parole dysarthrique est evaluee dans cette etude. Les durees et valeurs spectrales extraites des enregistrements de 4 patients dysarthriques (differents niveaux de severite) obtenues a partir de l'alignement automatique sont comparees a celles obtenues partir d'un alignement manuel. Les resultats sur l'analyse spectrale des voyelles et des fricatives montrent que l'alignement automatique est performant. Toutefois, l'analyse des pauses et les mesures de durees manquent de precision et suggerent qu'une correction manuelle de l'alignement automatique est necessaire.
Clustering For Data Mining: A Data Recovery Approach (Chapman & Hall/Crc Computer Science)

INTRODUCTION: HISTORICAL REMARKS WHAT IS CLUSTERING Exemplary Problems Bird's Eye View WHAT IS DATA Feature Characteristics Bivariate Analysis Feature Space and Data Scatter Preprocessing and Standardizing Mixed Data K-MEANS CLUSTERING Conventional K-Means Initialization of K-Means Intelligent K-Means Interpretation Aids Overall Assessment WARD HIERARCHICAL CLUSTERING Agglomeration: Ward Algorithm Divisive Clustering with Ward Criterion Conceptual Clustering Extensions of Ward Clustering Overall Assessment DATA RECOVERY MODELS Statistics Modeling as Data Recovery Data Recovery Model for K-Means Data Recovery Models for Ward Criterion Extensions to Other Data Types One-by-One Clustering Overall Assessment DIFFERENT CLUSTERING APPROACHES Extensions of K-Means Clustering Graph-Theoretic Approaches Conceptual Description of Clusters Overall Assessment GENERAL ISSUES Feature Selection and Extraction Data Pre-Processing and Standardization Similarity on Subsets and Partitions Dealing with Missing Data Validity and Reliability Overall Assessment CONCLUSION: Data Recovery Approach in Clustering BIBLIOGRAPHY Each chapter also contains a section of Base Words
A hybrid approach to the automatic learning of linguistic categories

Symbolic and neural network architectures di(cid:11)er with respect to the representations they naturally handle. Typically, symbolic systems use trees, DAGs, lists and so on, whereas networks typically use high dimensional vector spaces. Network learning methods may therefore appear to be inappropriate in domains, such as natural language, which are naturally modelled using symbolic methods. One reaction is to argue that network methods are able to implicitly capture this symbolic structure, thus obviating the need for explicit symbolic representation. However, we argue that the explicit representation of symbolic structure is an important goal, and can be learned using a hybrid approach, in which statistical structure extracted by a network is transformed into a symbolic representation. We apply this approach at several levels of linguistic structure, using as input unlabelled orthographic, phonological and word-level strings.
Fair Multi-Party Computation

We consider the problem of constructing secure multi-party computation (MPC) protocols that are completely fair — meaning that either all the parties learn the output of the function, or nobody does — even when a majority of the parties are corrupted. We first propose a framework for fair multi-party computation (FMPC), within which we formulate a definition of secure and fair protocols. The definition follows the standard simulation paradigm, but is modified to allow the protocol to depend on the runing time of the adversary. In this way, we avoid a well-known impossibility result for fair MPC with corrupted majority; in particular, our definition admits constructions that tolerate up to (n− 1) corruptions, where n is the total number of parties. Next, we define a “commit-prove-fair-open” functionality and construct an efficient protocol that realizes it, using a new variant of a cryptographic primitive known as “time-lines. ” With this functionality, we show that some of the existing secure MPC protocols can be easily transformed into fair protocols while preserving their security. Furthermore, these protocols remain secure when arbitrarily composed with any protocols, which means, in particular, that they are concurrently composable and non-malleable. This is joint work with Phil MacKenzie and Ke Yang.
Supporting physics courses with an internet site

At the University of Twente several introductory physics courses (not the laboratory courses) have been supported with an internet site. The sites consist mainly of worked-out problems, in a format initially developed for use in secondary schools. Also study guides, timetables, additional texts and lecture notes were provided. In one course special interactive 'internet lectures' were included; an additional reason was the delivery of the course on a distant location. In all occasions the students were asked to give their opinions and their estimation of the effect of internet support. In some cases the way student worked with the materials was monitored and saved in a logfile. The paper discusses which kind of support is most favourable and how it depends on the characteristics of other materials and study activities.
Corpus Linguistics and the Description of English

1: Corpus linguistics 2: Counting, calculating and annotating 3: Looking for lexis 4: Checking colligations and collocations 5: Finding phrases 6: Metaphor and metonymy 7: Grammar 8: Male and female 9: Language change 10: Corpus linguistics in cyberspace Further reading
KLASIFIKASI DATA MENGGUNAKAN JST BACKPROPAGATIONMOMENTUM DENGAN ADAPTIVE LEARNING RATE

Data mining merupakan suatu proses pengekstrakan informasi penting pada data yang berukuran besar. Salah satu fungsionalitas yang sering digunakan pada data mining adalah klasifikasi, yang berfungsi menemukan sekumpulan model/fungsi sehingga dapat mambedakan kelas data untuk keperluan prediksi. Jaringan Syaraf Tiruan (JST), merupakan salah satu teknik klasifikasi yang cukup handal dikarenakan kemampuannya dalam memprediksi. JST mempunyai toleransi yang tinggi terhadap data yang mengandung noise serta bersifat adaptive, dimana jaringannya mampu belajar dari data yang dilatihkan kepadanya. Oleh karena itu penelitian ini menganalisis pengklasifikasian data dengan menggunakan JST Backpropagation Momentum dengan adaptive learning rate untuk mendapatkan hasil yang optimal. Sebelum memasuki tahap klasifikasi, proses yang dilakukan adalah feature selection. Feature selection merupakan tahap preprocessing yang bertujuan untuk mencari atribut yang relevan terhadap label kelas. Dengan kata lain, feature selection dapat dikatakan sebagai teknik mereduksi dimensi sebagai usaha untuk meningkatkan performansi dari sebuah classifier. Metode feature selection yang digunakan adalah information gain. Setelah dilakukan preprocessing data, kemudian dilakukan tahap klasifikasi menggunakan JST Backpropagation Momentum dengan adaptive learning rate. Hasil pengujian menunjukkan bahwa dengan adanya konstanta momentum dan adaptive learning rate mempercepat kecepatan belajar jaringan. Selain itu juga berpengaruh terhadap nilai keakuratan sehingga dapat mencapai tingkat akurasi sebesar 96%.
Redesigning a Course for Blended Learning Environment.

This article describes a collaborative study of the blended learning approach, designed to pave the way for higher education students to integrate online and face-to-face learning environments in an ―Instructional Technology and Material Development‖ course at the University of Yildiz Technic in Turkey. The purpose of this study is to investigate the students‘ perceptions of the blended learning environment and to trace the integration between online and face-to-face learning environments. For this purpose, 30 students were given statements on the redesigned course, which they rated on a 5-point Likert scale. To probe more deeply into their positive and negative responses, a focus group discussion was held to gather the students‘ views. The findings are reveal that the majority of the students (90%) enjoyed being in the blended learning environment. However, improvement in methods of application and online study materials are needed. Additionally, other factors that may be salient in blended learning environment are also discussed.