Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Mutation of Zebrafish caf-1b Results in S Phase Arrest, Defective Differentiation, and p53-Mediated Apoptosis During Organogenesis

The cell cycle of multicellular organisms must be tightly coordinated with organogenesis and differentiation. Experiments done in vitro have identified chromatin assembly factor 1 (CAF-1) as a protein complex promoting chromatin assembly during DNA replication, but the in vivo role of CAF-1 in multicellular animals is still poorly understood. Here we describe the characterization of a zebrafish mutant disrupting CAF-1b activity, and show that it leads to defective cell cycle progression and differentiation in several organs, including the retina, optic tectum, pectoral fins, and head skeleton. Retinal precursor cells mutant for caf-1b arrest in S phase and undergo p53-mediated apoptosis. While p53 deficiency is able to rescue apoptosis in caf-1b mutants, it fails to rescue differentiation, indicating that CAF-1 activity is essential for differentiation in these organs. In addition, we also show that regulation of caf-1b expression in the retina depends on a group of genes that regulate the switch from proliferation to differentiation.
[Actual situation and characteristics of clients judged to need home-visiting nurse services by certified care managers and comparison of users and non-users of such services].

OBJECTIVES To investigate the actual situation and characteristics of clients judged to need home-visit nurse services (HN) by certified care managers and to compare the characteristics of users of HN to those of non-users of HN, so that appropriate use of HN can be encouraged. METHODS The participants were all certified care managers working at 57 care management offices in 4 cities in prefecture A. They were asked to fill out questionnaires for each of their clients whose degree of care was 2 or greater between November 2005 and February 2006. The items in the questionnaire included client's age, sex, degree of care, level of activity of daily living (ADL), dementia level, presence of a caregiver, necessity of HN, the actual use of HN. The dependent variables for analysis (univariate analysis and logistic regression) were the necessity of HN, and the actual use of HN among the clients needing HN. RESULTS Forty care management offices (70.2%) responded to our survey and the number of filled questionnaires was 1,288, providing a final sample of 1,224 clients. Care managers judged 537 clients as needing HN, and 328 actually used HN. The clients who needed HN were younger and more dependent for ADL, and had more severe care degree, higher rates of medical treatment, neurological disease, hospitalization during the previous 6 months, no cohabiter, no caregiver, and a caregiver aged 75 years or more, than the clients who did not need HN. Among the clients who were judged as needing HN by the care managers, the actual users were only 59.0% and these had higher rates of medical treatment and a dementia level of 1 or no dementia than non-users. CONCLUSION Of the clients who were judged as needing HN by the care managers, only 59.0% used HN. The necessity of HN was related to many variables such as medical condition and status of the caregiver. The actual users tended to be dependent for ADL and to need medical treatment, and moderately or severely demented clients were not likely to use HN. The reasons why some clients did not use HN despite necessity might be the lack of knowledge or cognition, and competition with other services. Strategies for encouraging use of HN should be developed.
Effects of platelet-activating factor, tumor necrosis factor, and interleukin-1alpha on the expression of apolipoprotein M in HepG2 cells.

Apolipoprotein M (apoM) is a recently discovered human apolipoprotein predominantly present in high-density lipoprotein (HDL) in plasma, exclusively expressed in liver and in kidney. The function of apoM is yet unknown. The human apoM gene is located in the major histocompatibility complex class III region on chromosome 6. Because many genes located in this region are related to the immune response, we have investigated whether apoM might also be involved in the host inflammatory response. In this study we examined effects of the platelet-activating factor (PAF), tumor necrosis factor (TNF-alpha), and interleukin-1alpha (IL-1alpha) on apoM expression in a hepatoblastoma cell line, HepG2 cells. PAF significantly enhanced the apoM mRNA levels and the secretion of apoM in HepG2 cell cultures. The enhancement of apoM secretion is seen at a low concentration of PAF (2 ng/ml), whereas a high concentration of PAF increases both the apoM mRNA levels and apoM secretion. Neither TNF-alpha nor IL-1alpha influenced apoM mRNA level and secretion. Furthermore, Lexipafant, a PAF-receptor (PAF-R) antagonist significantly suppressed the mRNA level and the secretion of apoM in HepG2 cells in a dose-dependent manner. Neither PAF nor Lexipafant influenced the mRNA levels and the secretion of apoA-I, apoB and apoE in HepG2 cells, indicating that the effects of PAF or Lexipafant on the apoM production on hepatic cells are selective for apoM. The cellular mechanism of the effects of PAF or Lexipafant on apoM metabolism requires further investigations.
Institutions and Entrepreneurship in Central and Eastern Europe: A Four-Country Comparison of University Students' Perceptions

We compare and contrast the perceptions of the institutional environment for entrepreneurship among university students in four transition economies in Central and Eastern Europe: Bulgaria, Hungary, Latvia, and Russia, using a survey instrument developed by Busenitz et al. (2000) for industrialized countries and validated in the context of emerging markets by Manolova et al. (2008). Our results indicate that the institutional environments are perceived as overall unfavorable in all of the four countries. However, the underlying reasons vary, reflecting differences in regulatory regimes, cognitive structures, and normative traditions. Implications for future research, managerial practice, and public policy are discussed.
Subarachnoid Hemorrhage with a Cerebral Aneurysm not Recognized at Conventional Angiography: A Retrospective Study

To investigate the possible causes of a false-negative initial cerebral digital subtract ionangiography (DSA) of aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH). Six initially unrecognized ruptured aneurysms were reviewed from among approximately 160 aneurysmal SAH cases collected from the medical records. The standard angiographic procedure and findings on repeat DSA were used to identify the possible causes. The initial DSA was reviewed and the false-negative impression resulted from an initial overlooking with or without incomplete procedure (4/6), presumed thrombosis or vasospasm with no recognized aneurysm, even when reviewed retrospectively (3/6), and the presence of a blister aneurysm (1/6). Two of the six cases had multiple causes. Whenever the DSA is negative in a patient strongly suspected of an aneurysmal SAH, the three above-mentioned causes should be considered and repeat DSA in the proper clinical setting is recommended.
DESIGN AND IN-VITRO-IN-VIVO CHARACTERIZATION OF BUCCAL TABLETS OF SIMVASTATIN

The main objective of present study is to develop Bucco adhesive bilayer tablets of Simvastatin using mucoadhesive polymers. Simvastatin has short biological half-life (3h), high first-pass metabolism and poor oral bioavailability (5%), hence an ideal candidate for buccal delivery system. The tablets were prepared by direct compression technique using carbopol-934, sodium carboxy methyl cellulose (Na CMC), Poly vinyl pyrollidine (PVP) and hydroxyl propyl methyl cellulose (HPMC) as mucoadhesive polymers. Soyabean powder is mainly used as a diluent in this formulation as it contain less fats and more protein substances. Formulations were evaluated for weight variation, hardness, friability, drug content, swelling studies, surface pH, bioadhesion strength, invitro drug release, ex-vivo permeation studies, using sheep buccal mucosa, muco irritation test, in-vitro release studies, in-vivo studies, IVIVC and stability studies. Formulation S11 exhibited controlled drug release at (11h) containing polymers like HPMC K100M, carbopol934P and PVP K30. Formulation S11 selected as optimized formulation based on physicochemical parameters and ex-vivo permeation studies and follows zero order drug release. FTIR studies show no evidence on interaction between drug, polymers and other excipients. The results indicate that Simvastatin is a suitable candidate when given through the buccal drug delivery.
Regulation of katanin activity in the ciliate Tetrahymena thermophila

Katanin is a microtubule severing protein that functions as a heterodimer composed of an AAA domain catalytic subunit, p60, and a regulatory subunit, a WD40 repeat protein, p80. Katanin‐dependent severing of microtubules is important for proper execution of key cellular activities including cell division, migration, and differentiation. Published data obtained in Caenorhabditis elegans, Xenopus and mammals indicate that katanin is regulated at multiple levels including transcription, posttranslational modifications (of both katanin and microtubules) and degradation. Little is known about how katanin is regulated in unicellular organisms. Here we show that in the ciliated protist Tetrahymena thermophila, as in Metazoa, the localization and activity of katanin requires specific domains of both p60 and p80, and that the localization of p60, but not p80, is sensitive to the levels of microtubule glutamylation. A prolonged overexpression of either a full length, or a fragment of p80 containing WD40 repeats, partly phenocopies a knockout of p60, indicating that in addition to its activating role, p80 could also contribute to the inhibition of p60. We also show that the level of p80 depends on the 26S proteasome activity.
Low molecular weight heparin once versus twice for thromboprophylaxis following esophagectomy: a randomised, double-blind and placebo-controlled trial.

BACKGROUND Venous thromboembolism (VTE) remained common complication following surgical resection of esophageal cancer. In this prospective randomized double-blind placebo-controlled trial (NCT01267305), we aim to compare the safety and efficacy between low molecular weight heparin (LMWH) once-daily (QD) and twice-daily (BID) for the prophylaxis of VTE following esophagectomy. METHODS During August 2012 to July 2013, patients underwent esophagectomy were randomly assigned to nadroparin calcium QD (4,100 AxaIU qd + placebo qd, group QD), or nadroparin calcium BID (4,100 AxaIU q12h, group BID) in the prophylaxis of VTE. All patients received thrombelastography (TEG) before and 0/24/48/72 hours after operation. Daily vascular ultrasound of lower extremities was followed during the first 7 postoperative days to confirm the suspected deep venous thrombosis (DVT). Cumulatively postoperative chest drainage at 72 hours after the surgery was collected to identify the difference in volume and red blood cell (RBC) counts between the two groups. Any bleeding events and thromboembolic events were also documented. RESULTS A total of 117 patients were enrolled in this study, and 111 eligible patients were randomly assigned (group QD: 55 patients; group BID: 56 patients). Patients' clinical features were close between the two groups. TEG analysis [R time, K time, alpha angel and maximum amplitude (MA)] before and instantly after operation showed nearly identical results. However, compared with group QD, all TEG measurements of 24/48/72 hours postoperatively showed significantly prolonged R time and K time, and decreased alpha angel in group BID. In ultrasound follow-ups, a total of four cases of DVT (four cases in group QD and no case in group BID) were found in this cohort (7.27% versus 0%, P=0.046), and one case of pulmonary embolism (PE) (in group QD) was observed. The incidence of VTE was lower in group BID (9.09% versus 0%, P=0.032). At 72 hours after surgery, the cumulative volume of chest drainage were close between these two groups (1,001.39±424.58 versus 1,133.61±513.93 mL, P=0.406). RBC counts in chest drainage were also identical between two groups [(2.56±1.98)×10(5) versus (2.71±4.67)×10(5), P=0.61]. No patient died due to VTE or bleeding events. CONCLUSIONS For the prophylaxis of VTE, BID LMWH provided more potent efficacy and equal safety when compared to QD LMWH in patients undergoing selective esophagectomy. Further study based on larger population is required to confirm these findings.
Risk factors for swallowing dysfunction in stroke patients.

CONTEXT Stroke is a frequent cause of dysphagia. OBJECTIVE To evaluate in a tertiary care hospital the prevalence of swallowing dysfunction in stroke patients, to analyze factors associated with the dysfunction and to relate swallowing dysfunction to mortality 3 months after the stroke. METHODS Clinical evaluation of deglutition was performed in 212 consecutive patients with a medical and radiologic diagnosis of stroke. The occurrence of death was determined 3 months after the stroke. RESULTS It was observed that 63% of the patients had swallowing dysfunction. The variables gender and specific location of the lesion were not associated with the presence or absence of swallowing dysfunction. The patients with swallowing dysfunction had more frequently a previous stroke, had a stroke in the left hemisphere, motor and/or sensitivity alterations, difficulty in oral comprehension, alteration of oral expression, alteration of the level of consciousness, complications such as fever and pneumonia, high indexes on the Rankin scale, and low indexes on the Barthel scale. These patients had a higher mortality rate. CONCLUSIONS Swallowing evaluation should be done in all patients with stroke, since swallowing dysfunction is associated with complications and an increased risk of death.
Stabilite des systemes dynamiques a evenements discrets application au controle de flux dans les reseaux de telecommunication

La these comporte une partie theorique sur la stabilite des systemes dynamiques a evenements discrets, et une partie plus appliquee sur le controle de flux dans les reseaux de telecommunication, qui a motive la premiere et en utilise les techniques. Dans la premiere partie, on s'interesse tout d'abord a l'approche markovienne ou approche en espace de la stabilite des systemes a evenements discrets. On applique notamment la methode dite des limites fluides a un reseau de files d'attente mixte, a la fois ouvert et ferme. On considere ensuite l'approche trajectorielle ou approche en temps de la stabilite. Dans un premier temps, on presente la regle de saturation pour les systemes monotones-homogenes et separables, qui s'applique par exemple aux reseaux de files d'attente a une seule classe de clients. On demontre ensuite la regle de saturation en boucle fermee pour les systemes monotones-invariants, qui s'applique a certains reseaux de files d'attente a plusieurs classes de clients. La deuxieme partie se consacre au controle de flux dans les reseaux de telecommunication. On presente tout d'abord les objectifs du controle de flux et les principaux mecanismes utilises. On etudie ensuite les performances du controle de flux a fenetre statique. On considere notamment l'influence des caracteristiques statistiques du trafic transverse sur l'efficacite du controle de flux. Enfin, on s'interesse au controle de flux a fenetre dynamique, utilise par le protocole tcp dans l'internet. On etudie l'allocation et l'utilisation des ressources du reseau realisees par les versions reno et vegas de tcp.
Efficient for RCS computation of long and complex dielectric objects

We propose a new method for RCS computation of long internally complex dielectric objects such as wind turbine blades. The method proposed here is an improved iterative algorithm whose convergence is proven. Thanks to the geometrical decomposition technique, three accelerating methods can be used efficiently in an iterative algorithm. The first accelerating method allows the elimination of the internal degrees of freedom with minimal cost. The second accelerating method (matrix compression QR) accelerates all the matrix vector products used in the preconditioning procedure as well as in the GMRES iterative resolution. The third accelerating method consists in using a "geometric neighboring" preconditioner adapted to the physical aspect of the problem
Differences between men and women in the regulation of adipose 11β‐HSD1 and in its association with adiposity and insulin resistance

This study explored sex differences in 11β‐hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 1 (11β‐HSD1) activity and gene expression in isolated adipocytes and adipose tissue (AT), obtained via subcutaneous biopsies from non‐diabetic subjects [58 M, 64 F; age 48.3 ± 15.3 years, body mass index (BMI) 27.2 ± 3.9 kg/m2]. Relationships with adiposity and insulin resistance (IR) were addressed. Males exhibited higher 11β‐HSD1 activity in adipocytes than females, but there was no such difference for AT. In both men and women, adipocyte 11β‐HSD1 activity correlated positively with BMI, waist circumference, % body fat, adipocyte size and with serum glucose, triglycerides and low‐density lipoprotein:high‐density lipoprotein (LDL:HDL) ratio. Positive correlations with insulin, HOMA‐IR and haemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) and a negative correlation with HDL‐cholesterol were significant only in males. Conversely, 11β‐HSD1 activity in AT correlated with several markers of IR and adiposity in females but not in males, but the opposite pattern was found with respect to 11β‐HSD1 mRNA expression. This study suggests that there are sex differences in 11β‐HSD1 regulation and in its associations with markers of obesity and IR.
by repetitive electrical stimulation Effect of a peripheral nerve block on torque produced

[PDF] [Full Text] [Abstract] 2009; 102 (3): 1890-1901. J Neurophysiol Marco A. Minetto, Ales Holobar, Alberto Botter and Dario Farina Contractions Discharge Properties of Motor Units of the Abductor Hallucis Muscle During Cramp [PDF] [Full Text] [Abstract] , March , 2011; 110 (3): 627-637. J Appl Physiol A. J. Bergquist, J. M. Clair and D. F. Collins trunk compared with a muscle belly: triceps surae Motor unit recruitment when neuromuscular electrical stimulation is applied over a nerve [PDF] [Full Text] [Abstract] , April 13, 2011; 31 (15): 5579-5588. J. Neurosci. and C. J. Heckman Alain Frigon, Christopher K. Thompson, Michael D. Johnson, Marin Manuel, T. George Hornby Humans and Cats Generated and Modulated by a Length-Dependent Intrinsic Property of Muscle in Extra Forces Evoked during Electrical Stimulation of the Muscle or Its Nerve Are
CYSTOID MACULAR EDEMA AND CYSTOID MACULAR DEGENERATION AS A RESULT OF MULTIPLE PATHOGENIC FACTORS IN THE SETTING OF CENTRAL SEROUS CHORIORETINOPATHY

Purpose: To report the pathogenic factors that account for cystoid macular edema and cystoid macular degeneration in chronic central serous chorioretinopathy (CSC). Methods: The clinical course and multimodal imaging findings, including fundus color photography, fundus autofluorescence, spectral-domain optical coherence tomography, and fluorescein angiography, of one eye with cystoid macular edema due to chronic CSC was documented. Results: A 44-year old woman with a history of chronic CSC presented with progressive visual decline in the right eye. Best-corrected visual acuity was 20/40. Funduscopic examination revealed diffuse retinal pigment epithelial changes and macular edema. Fluorescein angiography demonstrated perifoveal microaneurysms and leakage in a petaloid configuration. Spectral-domain optical coherence tomography demonstrated cysts at the level of the inner nuclear layer, an epiretinal membrane, vitreomacular traction, and an attenuated retinal pigment epithelial band. Central subfield thickness was 486 &mgr;m. Three intravitreal injections of aflibercept were administered over 16 weeks following which there was resolution of leakage, release of vitreomacular traction, and resolution of microaneurysms. Central subfield thickness reduced to 379 &mgr;m, but persistent intraretinal cysts were observed. There was subjective improvement in visual symptoms, but Snellen acuity remained at 20/40. Conclusion: Intraretinal cystic changes in chronic CSC may be the result of multifactorial pathogenic factors and may represent the coexistence of cystoid macular edema and cystoid macular degeneration. Anti–vascular endothelial growth factor may play an important role in the treatment of cystoid macular edema caused by CSC.
Autophagy induced by rapamycin and carbon‐starvation have distinct proteome profiles in Aspergillus nidulans

It is hypothesized that autophagy, a global catabolic pathway which is highly conserved from yeast to man, plays an important role in many bioprocesses. Though autophagy is known to be induced by either nutrient starvation or treatment with the drug rapamycin, it is not clear whether the two modes of induction have the same long‐term impact in the cell, particularly in the biotechnologically important filamentous fungi. Here, we compare the overall proteomes from the carbon‐starved (G−) and rapamycin treated (R+) model fungus Aspergillus nidulans. From about 1,100 visualized protein spots, we conservatively selected a total of 26 proteins with significant different expression. To highlight, increased levels of glucosidases and decreased levels of N‐acetylglucosamine pyrophosphorylase were observed, suggesting degradation of the fungal cell wall as an alternate carbon source for both modes of induction. Cdc37 was reduced in expression while 14‐3‐3 ArtA was increased, implying regulation of polar growth, while also potentially regulating autophagy negatively via PKA or Tor. Other proteins included aspartate transaminase, tryptophan synthase B (TrpB), glycylpeptide N‐tetradecanoyltransferase (Nmt1), and aldehyde dehydrogenase (aldA). More interestingly, the majority of the identified proteins (16 of 26) were uniquely expressed in elevated levels in G−. A novel predicted protein from AN8223 which has no sequence homology to other organisms is also implicated to be involved in carbon‐starvation. Thus, proteomic data here show that in A. nidulans, rapamycin‐induced autophagy and carbon‐starvation induced autophagy share some effectors for cell survival, but predominantly involve different long‐term effectors. Biotechnol. Bioeng. 2011;108: 2705–2715. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Complete Genome Sequence of Leuconostoc citreum KM20

ABSTRACT Leuconostoc citreum is one of the most prevalent lactic acid bacteria during the manufacturing process of kimchi, the best-known Korean traditional dish. We have determined the complete genome sequence of L. citreum KM20. It consists of a 1.80-Mb chromosome and four circular plasmids and reveals genes likely involved in kimchi fermentation and its probiotic effects.