Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Providing an e-learning model on teachers' satisfaction of learning in Ardabil Islamic Azad University

The purpose of this study was to provide an e-learning model on teachers' satisfaction of learning in branches of Ardabil Islamic Azad University. The study was conducted on the basis of Delphi and survey models of research. In the first stage, the participants of this study were the lecturers and faculty members, and in the second stage, they were the faculty members of Management in all branches of Ardabil Islamic Azad University. Samples of the first stage were 136 subjects and in the second stage 20 subjects. The sampling method in the first stage was random-stratified and in the second stage it was purposive sampling. Data collection instrument was an e-learning researcher-made questionnaire. For data analysis Structural Measurement Model (Confirmatory Factor Analysis) was used and for specifiying e-learning, Delphi three-staged method was used. Findings included 77 concrete variables and 8 basic concepts (IT infrastructures, quality of educational system, self-learning, learners' support, identifying and recording educational needs, management of values, educational materials, society-based learning). In the first stage, the appropriacy of the model was approved and showed that the structures were in a satisfactory level of validity, and in the second stage, the quality of educational system, IT infrastructures, self-learning and learners' support, were identified as the dimensions of e-learning.
S-MATRIX APPROACH TO PION GAS ∗

The fact that pions occupy the ground state of the theory of strong interaction follows from a combination of two phenomena: confinement and the spontaneous breaking of chiral symmetry. The former dictates that hadrons, instead of quarks and gluons, fill the physical spectrum of QCD while the latter makes pions exceptionally light due to their role as (pseudo-) Goldstone bosons. We thus expect at low temperatures the partition function is dominated by the contribution of pions and other low-lying resonances. One well-known approach for describing the system of thermal hadrons is the hadron resonance gas (HRG) model [1–3]. This model assumes that resonance formation dominates the behavior of the confined phase and as first approximation treats the resonances as an ideal gas. On the other hand, driven by the practical need to interpret the evergrowing precision data from heavy-ion collisions and the theoretical interest in better understanding the QCD phase structure [4], there is a strong incentive to construct a more accurate description of real hadron gas. A very detailed picture of hadronic interactions has emerged from the impressive volume of experimental data [5], carefully analyzed by theories such as chiral perturbation theory [6, 7], lattice QCD [8], effective hadron models [9] and time-honored potential models [10,11]. Consequently, we acquire very precise information on particle spectra, production mechanisms
Validating flood inundation map for hydrodynamic modelling of an ungauged catchment

Flood mapping for an ungauged catchment is an extremely difficult task due to the lack of information and hydrological data of which the map can be produced from. More often than not, many flood-prone urban catchments in Malaysia still remained ungauged. Advances in digital photography in recent years have enabled photographs to be used for capturing important information of flood. These photographs can be used to establish information that describes the variation of flood through time and space. This study will attempt to produce reliable flood inundation map for the town of Tanah Merah, Kelantan, which is affected by tropical monsoon flood. A small ungauged catchment, i.e. Sungai Maka was used as the subject of study. 1D hydrodynamic model (InfoWorks) coupled with high resolution Digital Elevation Model (DEM) from Light Detection and Ranging (LiDAR) was used. First, a simple calibration was carried out by adjusting modelling parameters to suit estimated flood depth at various points along the river from flood photographs. The flood extent will then be verified by comparing against satellite image. At the same time, flood records would be retrieved and used as the final verification of the model’s accuracy. Preliminary calibration showed that the method used could accurately represent the fluctuation of flood level to an accurate of R2 = 0.98. It is hoped that further results from the study could successfully demonstrate that flood photographs, records and satellite images are highly informative and valuable tools for calibrate and validate flood inundation maps for the many ungauged catchment in Malaysia.
Investigation of the development of streamwise vortices from vortex generators in APG separation control using PIV by

The goal of the present study is to investigate the vortex dynamics and the physical mechanisms involved in the process of separation control by means of fixed vortex generators (VG) in a separating turbulent boundary layer with a closed reverse-flow region. The wall shear-stress in spanwise and downstream directions was measured using wall pulsed-wires. The 3dimensionality in the wall shear-stress introduced by the VGs is persistent to approximately 30 VG-heights downstream of the VGs. The downstream development in terms of turbulent statistics and the instantaneous behaviour of the streamwise vortices were investigated in both the cross-stream (yz-) and the wall-normal (xy-) plane using Particle Image Velocimetry (PIV). It is shown that VGs reorganise the velocity field. High momentum is brought down to the wall in the wake of a VG. This can be seen in the streamwise velocity distribution (U) which is fuller, the wall normal (V) component has a large component towards the wall (Figure 1) and the Reynolds shear stress has a large negative peak, preventing separation. The instantaneous spanwise position, zp of the vortex center is fluctuating within a distance of about one VG height (h) whereas the instantaneous wall-normal position, yp is fluctuating within h/2 due to the damping of the wall (Figure 2). The downstream development of the vortical structure in terms of maximum vorticity ωx max, maximum spanwise velocity Wmax and wall-normal velocity Vmax shows that the strong 3-dimensionality is decreased. Figure 1: Velocity profiles at the centerline of a vortex generator at x/h = 5. Figure 2: Histograms of vortex center position at x/h = 5.
IMES DISCUSSION PAPER SERIES Dynamic Model of Credit Risk in Relationship Lending : A Game-theoretic Real Options Approach

We develop a dynamic credit risk model for the case that banks compete to collect their loans from a firm falling in danger of bankruptcy. We apply a game-theoretic real options approach to investigate bank’s optimal strategies. Our model reveals that the bank with the larger loan amount, namely the main bank, provides an additional loan to support the deteriorating firm when the other bank collects its loan. This suggests that there exists rational forbearance lending by the main bank. Comparative statics show that as the liquidation value is lower, the optimal exit timing for the non-main bank comes at an earlier stage of business downturn and the optimal liquidation timing by the main bank is delayed further. As the interest rate of the loan is lower, the optimal exit timing for the non-main bank comes earlier. These analyses are consistent with the forbearance lending and exposure concentration of main banks observed in Japan.
Correlation and Path Coefficient Analysis in Ash Gourd [ Benincasa Hispida ( Thunb ) Cogn . ] for Yield and Yield Attributing Traits

Ash gourd [Benincasa hispida (Thunb.) Cogn. ] is an important sub-tropical and tropical cucurbitaceous vegetable which is extensively grown in India for its nutritional, medicinal as well as curative properties. The fruits are consumed in various ways, as fresh vegetables, candied, dried, pickled, and also used in ayurvedic medicine preparation. Ash gourd is considered good for people suffering from nervousness and debility [1]. It has also great demand in processing industries for preparation of various products, the juice of ripe fruit is used for curing insanity and epilepsy [2], urinary infection and biliousness [3], possesses anti-ulcer activity [4] and as a tonic for heart [3]. It is candied with sugar and used to prepare a popular sweet called „petha‟. Ash gourd is much priced for its medicinal properties, but comparatively little attention had been paid for the improvement of this crop. One disadvantage of this crop is its trailing habit and big sized fruit which makes the plant rather difficult to handle. Besides, due to this growth habit, the plant occupies considerably larger area thus makesit less profitable than many other cucurbitaceous vegetables. Naturally, therefore, any improvement of this crop should aim at producing more compact plant with sturdy fruits. There are many hybrids and varieties of ash gourd having different traits prevailing in India, especially southern parts of India. A study of correlation between yield and its components and their relative contribution to the yield have a great importance in planning effective breeding programmes and selection of hybrids and parents. Path coefficient analysis is also an important tool for the better understanding of the crop inheritance in respect of yield. It gives specific measures on the direct and indirect effect of each component character on yield. Considering the above factors, the present study was undertaken to improve fruit yield of ash gourd using correlation and path analysis of yield and yield contributing characters of 30 hybrids and 6 parents of ash gourd.
Chapter 14 Can an Android Persuade You ?

The first robotic copies of real humans have become available. They enable their users to be physically present in multiple locations simultaneously. This study investigates the influence that the embodiment of an agent has on its persuasiveness and its perceived personality. Is a robotic copy as persuasive as its human counterpart? Does it have the same personality? We performed an experiment in which the embodiment of the agent was the independent variable and the persuasiveness and perceived personality were the dependent measurements. The persuasive agent advertised a Bluetooth headset. The results show that an android is perceived as being as persuasive as a real human or a video recording of a real human. The personality of the participant had a considerable influence on the measurements. Participants who were more open to new experiences rated the persuasive agent lower on agreeableness and extroversion. They were also more willing to spend money on the advertised product.
THE ANALYSIS OF GRAMMATICAL PROBLEMS AND GENERIC STRUCTURE OF NARRATIVE TEXT WRITTEN BY THE ELEVENTH GRADUATE STUDENTS OF LANGUAGE PROGRAM AT SMAK ST

The Analysis of Grammatical Problems And Generic Structure of Narrative Text Wrtten By The Eleventh Graduate Students Of Language Program At SMAK St.Klaus Werang-West Flores. The study was intended to analyze grammatical problem and generic structures of narrative text written by the eleventh grade students of Language program at SMAK St. Klaus–West Flores in the academic year 2016/2017. The data were mainly collected through assigment on narrative written text and itervies and were analyzed descriptively using Dulay’lingistics taxonomy (1982) and Fink’ category (2005). The result of data analysis revealed that the students committed errors in their narrrative writing, namely article, possessive case, omission of – ed, regularization by adding –ed, simple present tense used in place of simple past tense, omission of –be, pluralization, pronoun, preposition, omission of main verb, subject verb agreement, word order, diction, spelling, passive form, adverb, conjunction, double marking, and modals. The cause of error was interference, lack of vocabularies, and motivation, and teacher’ ability/qualification.
Chapter 2 Divers Models of Divalent Cation Interaction to Calcium-Binding Proteins : Techniques and Anthology

Intracellular Ca 2+ -binding proteins (CaBPs) are sensors of the calcium signal and several of them even shape the signal. Most of them are equipped with at least two EF-hand motifs designed to bind Ca 2+ . Their af fi nities are very variable, can display cooperative effects, and can be modulated by physiological Mg 2+ concentrations. These binding phenomena are monitored by four major techniques: equilibrium dialysis, fl uorimetry with fl uorescent Ca 2+ indicators, fl ow dialysis, and isothermal titration calorimetry. In the last quarter of the twentieth century reports on the ion-binding characteristics of several abundant wild-type CaBPs were published. With the advent of recombinant CaBPs it became possible to determine these properties on previously inaccessible proteins. Here I report on studies by our group carried out in the last decade on eight families of recombinant CaBPs, their mutants, or truncated domains. Moreover this chapter deals with the currently used methods for quantifying the binding of Ca 2+ and Mg 2+ to CaBPs.
Fermions on Lifshitz Background

We study a non-relativistic fermionic retarded Green’s function by making use of a fermion on the Lifshitz geometry with critical exponent z = 2. With a natural boundary condition, respecting the symmetries of the model, the resultant retarded Green’s function exhibits a number of interesting features including a at band. We also study the
Smoking Ban Implementation in Psychiatric Inpatient Hospitals: Update and Opportunity for Performance Improvement

Objectives: To determine the incidence and prevalence of smoking bans in psychiatric inpatient hospitals. To evaluate the differences between hospitals that prohibit and those that allow smoking on the identification of smoking risks, availability of educational resources, treatments offered, and documentation of the patients’ smoking status in the continuing care plan. To identify opportunities for performance improvement for the psychiatric care provided to patients. Methods: A survey on smoking policies and practices was completed by 165 hospital directors and quality assurance managers. Cross-tabulation and frequency determined the incidence and prevalence of smoking bans. Chi- square analysis tested for differences between hospitals that prohibit and hospitals that allow smoking and the characteristics under study. Results: The incidence and prevalence rates of smoking bans were 70% and 79%, respectively. Significant differences between hospitals prohibiting and allowing smoking were found in the identification of smoking risks during formal screenings. Conclusion: The incidence and prevalence rates of smoking bans continue at an increased rate, as evidenced by more psychiatric hospitals enacting smoking bans and removing barriers to policy implementation. Psychiatric hospitals that have not adopted smoking bans may not be aware of their readiness to enact a formal tobacco-free policy, given their similarity to hospitals that prohibit smoking. However, hospitals included the patients’ smoking status in the continuing care plan at a very similar low rate. Hospitals could maximize the reporting of the Hospital Based Inpatient Psychiatric Services (HBIPS) performance measure including patients’ smoking status at discharge and treatments into the next level of care recommendations to heighten awareness of the risks for smoking and promote continuation of tobacco cessation treatments. the consequences of smoking are more challenging for individuals with psychiatric illness [16], and that individuals with mental illness have substantial quit rates [17]. A study comparing data from 2008 and 2011, found a significant movement in adopting smoking bans in psychiatric inpatient hospitals and examined the penetration of the critical components of smoking cessation care (such as assessment of smoking at admission, provision of smoking cessation treatments, availability of smoking cessation resources, and follow-up after discharge) [18]. However, the study did not compare the penetration of the critical components of the smoking cessation care by hospital type (prohibiting versus allowing smoking). This comparison is critical as hospitals that still permit smoking could compare their own delivery of the critical components
PINPOINT KEV X-RAY IMAGING FOR X-RAY DRUG DELIVERY SYSTEM

In X-ray Drug Delivery System, anticancer drugs containing Pt, such as cisplatin and dachplatin, and Au colloid contrast agent are surrounded by polymers (micelle, PEG (polyethylene glycol), etc.). Their sizes are controlled to be 20-100 nm. Since holes of capillary to organ are as large as 100 nm in only cancer, those large particles can be accumulated in cancer effectively. That is called as EPR (Extended Penetration and Retention effect). We have observed the distribution of Pt of dachplatin-micelle in cancer of mouse’s pancreas by Xray fluorescence analysis using 10 μm pinpoint 15 keV X-ray by SPring8. Further, in-vitroand in-vivoexperiments of Au colloid and Au-PEG are under way. It is expected to be used as contrast agent for dynamic tracking treatment for moving cancer. Imaging properties for polychromatic X-rays from X-ray tube and monochromatic Compton source are numerically analyzed and discussed. We continue to analyze radiation enhancement by Auger electrons and successive characteristic X-rays and its toxic effect to cancer.
The role of clusters in determining innovativeness of the economy – theoretical foundations for empirical analysis in China and Poland

The Paper focuses on the concept of clusters, which have become an important element of innovation systems at the regional and national level. This is connected with an observation on the special role of of cooperation in innovation processes, regarded as one of the key sources of innovation in the light of the concept of open innovation (OI). The rationale to undertake the research is related to recognized importance of proximity in stimulating innovation processes, and an observed strong geographical polarization of innovation activity at specific regions, the trend which is visible not only in developed countries, but also in emerging economies, like China. It results with innovative clusters emerging very rapidly in both number and scale, for example in better developed provincial economies of coastal China. This signs into wider observation on the structural changes taking place in the world economy, especially the shift of manufacturing activity, including high and medium-high technology industries, to emerging countries. Whereas traditionally, research and development (R&D)-led technological progress was concentrated in the developed countries, which generated most of the innovation, nowadays we witness the emergence of innovation hubs in developing economies, out of which China is making a considerable progress in innovation performance. A significant change in the geography of innovation poses challenges also for Poland, which is trying to build knowledge-based economy and catch-up with innovation leaders. The objective of this Paper is to conduct critical analysis of the theoretical foundations in the area of clusters and their role in determining innovativeness of the economy, as the conceptual background for empirical research on innovation clusters in China and Poland. This research is also related to the scientific problem of convergence in innovation performance between China, Poland, and technological leaders (like USA or Western Europe), with special focus on clusters as one of the factors determining this process.
Inverse boundary value problem for the dynamical heterogeneous Maxwell system

We consider the inverse problem of determining the isotropic inhomogeneous electromagnetic coefficients of the non-stationary Maxwell equations in a bounded domain of R, from a finite number of boundary measurements. Our main result is a Hölder stability estimate for the inverse problem, where the measurements are exerted only in some boundary components. For it, we prove a global Carleman estimate for the heterogeneous Maxwell system with boundary conditions.
Dynamics of gabion weirs and its comparison to reinforced concrete weirs

Weirs are important water divergence structures. Different types of weirs have different hydraulics on upstream as well as downstream flows, resulting in varying construction costs and different safe operation procedures. This study presents the hydraulic comparison of two different types of weirs: reinforced concrete and gabion. These weirs were compared using different hydraulic parameters, including downstream scouring, upstream sedimentation, discharge coefficient, water surface profile, and seepage along the weir and its foundation. Experimental analysis was carried out to estimate scouring, discharge coefficient, and sedimentation. Similarly, seepage analysis was performed using the SEEP/w software, while the water surface profile was drawn using HEC-RAS. Results show that upstream sedimentation and downstream scouring were higher for concrete weirs as compared to gabion weirs due to the fact that some sediment is able to pass through the latter type. In addition, foundation and body seepage of a gabion weir can be reduced by almost 95% when replaced with a reinforced concrete weir. The HEC-RAS results showed that the water surface elevation for a concrete weir is much higher than the gabion. A low discharge coefficient was observed for the concrete weir, as compared to the gabion. To conclude, concrete weirs are more efficient in raising water level and reducing seepage. They are also durable but need better arrangement to control scouring and sedimentation.
Draft for Comment July 10 , 2018 1 The Certification Paradox

It is commonly observed that certification intermediaries mitigate informational asymmetries by “lending” reputational capital to support transacting parties’ quality commitments. However, this proposition is challenged by cases in which wellestablished intermediaries have failed to detect fraud, misrepresentation and other misbehavior. The “certification paradox” provides a more nuanced account that anticipates both the general success, and periodic failure, of certification intermediaries. Transacting parties minimize search and evaluation costs by using a small number of certification intermediaries with large stocks of reputational capital. Incumbent certifiers are substantially protected by entrants’ high costs of accumulating sufficient reputational capital and users’ high costs of switching to new certifiers. Incumbent certifiers have incentives to preserve reputational capital by generally maintaining investments in informational accuracy but, given the limited threats of competitive entry and user defection, to periodically save on costs by reducing certification effort. At least historically, certifiers have sought to commit against opportunistic reductions in informational accuracy by adopting non-profit, partnership and other “constrained” organizational forms that cap the gains from shirking on certification effort. This organizational prophylactic against certification failure may outperform direct regulatory interventions, which are liable to overestimate the demand for informational accuracy or erode the market rents that support certifiers’ incentives generally to maintain informational accuracy. Draft for Comment July 10, 2018 1 The Certification Paradox