Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Beyond hides and bones – Animals , animal representations and therianthropic figurines in palaeolithic art

This contribution compares different aspects of human/animal relationship: animal bones and teeth as raw material in Palaeolithic art as well as animal representations and therianthropic creatures. It can be noticed that the chosen raw material for the production of animal representations changes chronologically as well as regionally. This choice can be different from one site to the other and seems to depend on the individual choice of a group of people and not only on the availability of certain materials. Animals in Palaeolithic art are not just a sort of catalogue of the hunted fauna. Studies demonstrate that the represented fauna is not identical with the economically most important fauna. Regional differences concerning the representation of selected animal species are not necessarily mirroring regional differences in the composition of the game.
Recent Developments in Ink Jet Printing of Textiles with Reactive Dyes

With the increased pressure from developing tex markets in the Far East Textile Printers in Europe, Ja and the USA must respond with both increased qua and shorter time of response. This means supplying new design concepts, sam and production printed fabrics in a wide range colourways in a timeframe unheard of a few years a One area that has seen development is in the printing area with increasing use of CAD/CAM syste and digital printing systems. The present paper will review the latest developm in the ink jet printing of textiles with fibre reactive dy and highlight the future direction this technology w take in textile printing.
Soft Patriarchs and New Men: How Christianity Shapes Fathers and Husbands (review)

have tried to find more systematic explanations. The author links the high divorce rates in Japan to the tradition of consensual divorces. When spouses or their families reached a settlement, the local authority or the government would not interfere. The author argues that in Japanese history there has never been a notion that divorce is evil, unlike European societies with Christian cultures, which generally allowed no-fault divorce only in the mid-20th century. Not surprisingly, Japanese officials drafting the Meiji Civil Code adopted the Napoleonic Code of divorce, which was exceptional in the European standard in that it embodied no-fault divorce. Only when the two parties could not reach agreement would the court resolve a case based on explicitly written grounds for divorce. Court cases, however, comprised a minimal proportion of total divorces, no more than five percent, until the early 20th century. One institutional setting that, the author argues, is relevant to the tradition of mutual consent divorce is the notion among peasants of testing spouses, as exemplified in the custom of “trial marriage” in the 1870s. In the Japanese family, a newly-wed young woman moved in with her husband’s family. If the husband’s family members, particularly the motherin-law, found her not adjusting well to the new family, then she would be sent back to her natal family. Popular media, thus, have described the divorced young wives as helpless victims of the traditional family system. However, the author argues, historical data suggest otherwise. Often the go-between who was involved in the marriage also played a role in negotiating the terms of divorce. The small dowry – smaller than in other societies –brought at the time of marriage was returned to the woman’s natal family unless she committed a serious sin, such as adultery. Remarriage after divorce was as frequent among women as among men. Further, a newly-wed wife might also choose to leave her husband’s family, even with the support of her natal parents, if she or her parents found the circumstances of the husband’s family were not satisfactory. Supporting the author’s argument, a majority of divorces occurred within two years after marriage through the Edo and Meiji periods. Spousal testing, however, only raises further questions about family and gender relations in historical Japan. Did people really perceive the actions of divorce as spousal testing? What does spousal testing really signify, individuals’ right to choose his or her family? Was it really symmetrical between genders? Does the custom imply that gender relations in the Edo and Meiji periods were more egalitarian than they were under the stricter marriage system of the Meiji Civil Code? Where did the custom originate? A related question is how could the high divorce rate suddenly drop so dramatically after the promulgation of the Meiji Civil Code? Using various sources of data, including official statistics, survey data and personal writings, this book provides important insights on a case of divorce history, but many questions remain.
Correspondence: Of Polarity and Polarization

Charles Kupchan and Peter Trubowitz argue that bipartisan support for liberal internationalism in U.S. foreign policy is gone for the foreseeable future, and that the United States should trim its grand strategic ambitions accordingly.1 Their article is timely and insightful, but has three major oaws: (1) claims that are unsupported by the evidence, (2) endogeneity issues that obscure causal relationships, and (3) pessimistic conclusions that do not follow from the analysis. First, Kupchan and Trubowitz’s claims exceed the evidence with respect to economic forces and gerrymandering. They contend that the rise of foreign policy moderates was caused by economic growth, which acted as a balm to ease tensions, and the economic downturn of the 1970s dealt a heavy blow to moderates (pp. 19, 23). 2 Contrary to their logic, however, the remarkable economic rallies in the 1980s and 1990s correlate with serious weakening of moderates. So, too, blaming partisan polarization on gerrymandering lacks support. Unaided by redistricting, the Senate has polarized just as the House of Representatives has. Although the number of competitive congressional districts declined in the mid-1960s and generally stayed low in the 1970s and 1980s, this number actually increased in the 1990s, an era of pronounced partisanship.3 Second, the independent variables in the article may be less independent than they Correspondence: Of Polarity and Polarization
Colonial Genocide and Reparations Claims in the 21st Century: The Socio-Legal Context of Claims under International Law by the Herero against Germany for Genocide in Namibia, 1904-1908 (review)

negotiation, and manipulation. Wells also shows that the colonists’ previous lives influenced their relationship to Dominican society. Although the author stresses the difficulty of recovering the voices of Dominican workers, one wishes that he had found some to interview, for that would have permitted not only an assessment of the attitudes of the locals to the refugees, but also a more accurate assessment of the attitudes of the latter. An open question remains whether the attitudes of the Sosúa settlers toward local society were atypical: comparing them with other Jewish immigrant communities in Latin America would have been illustrative.
The Spoon

You are a nice man, do you work here? she asks, taking the spoon into her mouth, the large signs above the bed warning coma patient, choking risk, deaf. I raise the spoon again filled with strained vegetables the color of carrots, or squash. She opens her mouth and I lift the spoon into it as I did nearly thirty years earlier. Signs and pictures tell her You are twenty-seven. You have a mother and father, a sister, a husband and baby, anything else we think will ease her back.
Music Instrument Classification Reprogrammed

The performance of approaches to Music Instrument Classification, a popular task in Music Information Retrieval, is often impacted and limited by the lack of availability of annotated data for training. We propose to address this issue with"reprogramming,"a technique that utilizes pre-trained deep and complex neural networks originally targeting a different task by modifying and mapping both the input and output of the pre-trained model. We demonstrate that reprogramming can effectively leverage the power of the representation learned for a different task and that the resulting reprogrammed system can perform on par or even outperform state-of-the-art systems at a fraction of training parameters. Our results, therefore, indicate that reprogramming is a promising technique potentially applicable to other tasks impeded by data scarcity.
The Medical Faculty of the University of Vienna 60 Years Following Austria's Annexation

On 13 March 1998, we commemorated the 60th anniversary of the Anschluss, the annexation of Austria by Nazi Germany and her integration into the Third Reich. Already the night of 11–12 March had marked the beginning of an unprecedented era of terror against the Jewish citizens of Austria—e.g., Nobel Laureate Otto Loewi was arrested during this first night [1]—which swiftly resulted in inconceivable acts of humiliation, in the deprivation of Jewish citizens’ basic civil rights, the dismissal from professional positions, forced expulsion from their homes, theft of their private property, and their eventual exile. Those unable to escape were incarcerated in concentration camps, and more than one third of the prewar Jewish population of Austria perished or was exterminated in the Holocaust. It is with shame 60 years later that we remember the brutal expulsion of a major part of the faculty members from their positions at the University of Vienna, a process which commenced immediately after the takeover by the Nazis. The medical faculty was particularly severely affected. More than 50 percent of the senior staff were dismissed, mainly for racial, but in some cases for political reasons, inflicting irreparable damage to the Viennese Medical School, which was one of the largest in Europe and held a leading place in the hierarchy of medical excellence. Not only four Nobel Laureates originated from within the faculty—namely Robert Baranyi, Karl Landsteiner, Julius Wagner-Jauregg, and Otto Loewi—but also a series of scientists and physicians of world-wide renown: among many others one might name Anton von Eiselsberg, Adolf Lorenz, Clemens von Pirquet, Sigmund Freud, and Alfred Adler. However, attention should not only be drawn to the famous names, but also to the innumerable nameless doctors,
Efficient Image Segmentation Algorithm for Mobile Devices

An efficient image segmentation algorithm utilized for mobile applications running on the iPhone’s iOS platform is presented. Mobile devices such as the iPhone have limited CPU and memory resources, thus presenting a more challenging task when implementing complex algorithms such as image segmentation. The image segmentation utilized in this work splits the image into real-world objects that are numbered for the user to either select for further processing. First, a color quantization algorithm is applied to the entire image thus simplifying the image to only 16 available colors. Next, a fast texture measurement utilizing the co-occurrence matrix is applied to entire image using a pre-selected neighborhood of interest. Multiple regions are then automatically merged based on a color comparison measurement extracted at each object’s boundary. The resulting regions are then displayed to the user for further analysis or selection. The primary usage of this algorithm is within other mobile apps that require the segmentation of images into realistic objects. Examples of these apps would be those that read bar codes, QVC codes, or OCR text regions. Results are shown for numerous standard image samples and compared with other image segmentation algorithms.
SPACES OF NONPOSITIVE CURVATURE

In my previous article [Ba2] I discussed the fundamental and characteristic properties of complete Riemannian manifolds of nonpositive sectional curvature. In the present article, I want to introduce the reader into the theory of metric spaces of nonpositive curvature and, more generally, spaces with upper curvature bounds. I will also discuss a few more recent results. The foundations of the theory of metric spaces with upper curvature bounds were laid in the work of A. D. Alexandrov [Ale1] and H. Busemann [Bus], some ideas can be traced back to the work of A. Wald [Wa]. More recent treatments are contained in [Gr2], [BriHa], [KlLe], and [Ba2]. The reader is refered to these for more details. An exhaustive treatment of the foundations and some interesting applications are contained in the monograph of Rinow [Ri]. Riemannian manifolds of nonpositive sectional curvature are discussed in [BaGrSr] and in the more recent monograph [Eb3] of Eberlein. The work of Gromov on geometric group theory, see e.g. [Gr2, Gr3], and of Gromov and Schoen on the rigidity and arithmeticity of lattices [GrSn] have renewed the interest in the theory of spaces with upper curvature bounds and led to new developments and further applications. The main idea is to axiomatize properties of Riemannian manifolds with upper curvature bounds on their sectional curvature, notably properties related to trigonometry. 1 In Riemannian geometry these properties constitute the contents of triangle comparison theory. Many results in global Riemannian geometry rely on triangle comparison, starting from the sphere theorem up to some of the most recent results. It follows from the setup that arguments and results from Riemannian geometry which, except for some very basic geometry of geodesics, depend only on triangle comparison, should have their counterpart in the theory of spaces with upper curvature bounds. One very important example, where this holds, concerns the theorem of Hadamard and Cartan on simply connected complete Riemannian manifolds of nonpositive sectional curvature, see Theorem 1.8. For this reason, the theory of spaces of nonpositive curvature is of particular importance. The range of applications includes
Chapter 12 Calcium Sulfate Precipitation Throughout Its Phase Diagram

Over the past decade, significant progress has been made in our understanding of crystallization phenomena. In particular, a number of precursor and intermediate species, both solutes and solids, and either stable or metastable (or even unstable), have been identified. Their existence extends the simplified picture of classical nucleation and growth theories toward much more complex pathways. These newly found species include various solute clusters, liquid-like phases, amorphous particles, and metastable (often nanosized) crystalline polymorphs, all of which may exist for different periods and may convert into one another depending on the chosen conditions (see, for instance, De Yoreo et al. 2017, Chap. 1; Wolf and Gower 2017, Chap. 3; Rodriguez-Blanco et al. 2017, Chap. 5; Birkedal 2017, Chap. 10; Reichel and Faivre 2017, Chap. 14, and references therein). Quite naturally, most
Students and Tutors Perception and Usage Influence of the World Wide Web and the Library : A Case of Dunkwa Nursing and Midwifery Training College

The proliferation of IT devices at lower prices but with high capabilities and the low cost or open access to scholarly materials has continually fueled the debate about the possible extinction of the library. Interestingly, despite these debates come higher standards set by educational accreditation institutions with regards to the high caliber of library infrastructure, library experts and resources required in order to operate as tertiary educational institutions. It is from this seemingly paradox that this study was conceived to identify the perception of students and tutors at Dunkwa Nursing and Midwifery Training College about the library and the World Wide Web (web/www) with regards to how the perception of the library influences and how the perception of the Web influences its usage.
1 M ay 2 01 9 ON-OFF Privacy with Correlated Requests

We introduce the ON-OFF privacy problem. At each time, the user is interested in the latest message of one of N online sources chosen at random, and his privacy status can be ON or OFF for each request. Only when privacy is ON the user wants to hide the source he is interested in. The problem is to design ONOFF privacy schemes with maximum download rate that allow the user to obtain privately his requested messages. In many realistic scenarios, the user’s requests are correlated since they depend on his personal attributes such as age, gender, political views, or geographical location. Hence, even when privacy is OFF, he cannot simply reveal his request since this will leak information about his requests when privacy was ON. We study the case when the users’s requests can be modeled by a Markov chain and N = 2 sources. In this case, we propose an ON-OFF privacy scheme and prove its optimality.
Tuberculosis and tobacco smoking

Tuberculosis and tobacco smoking are two major public health problems which are causing a heavy mortality worldwide. Tobacco smoke increases the risks of Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection, of severe TB and death from TB. In emerging countries, quitting smoking is a means of controlling the TB epidemic. Smokers with TB are less compliant with TB medications, justifying smoking cessation support. Helping to quit smoking increases adherence to treatment of tuberculosis and tobacco abstinence rates among patients treated. It requires the involvement of every healthcare professional. Journal of Tuberculosis
Overview of infections following hematopoietic cell transplantation

INTRODUCTION — Hematopoietic cell transplant (HCT) recipients, especially those who have received allogeneic transplants, are at substantial risk for a variety of infections depending upon the degree of immunodeficiency, exposure to pathogens, and the time elapsed since transplantation. HCT patients are at risk for infectious diseases resulting from bacteria, fungi, viruses, and/or parasites, all of which are associated with higher morbidity and mortality than in immunocompetent individuals.
Real-time corrective control of active distribution networks : validation in future scenarios of a real system

Distribution grids are hosting more and more dispersed generation units exploiting renewable energy sources. Their proliferation, and the intermittent nature of their production creates new operation problems such as overvoltage and/or thermal overload. Hence, the need for realtime corrective control goes increasing. This paper reports on comprehensive simulation tests of a centralized, coordinated control algorithm aimed at correcting abnormal voltages and/or branch overloads in an active distribution network. It relies on the model predictive control concept, for robustness with respect to model inaccuracies, noise, etc. The set-points of the dispersed generation units and the load tap changer are smoothly varied until the violation is cleared. The tests involve a real distribution network and plausible scenarios of future penetration of renewable energy sources. The dynamic evolution of the system has been simulated, with the controller in action, over full days where limit violations were taking place in its absence. Its capability to resolve the voltage and/or thermal issues is demonstrated. This corrective control allows postponing expensive network reinforcements and avoids to the largest possible extent curtailment of dispersed generation using renewable energy sources.
Use of analytical techniques for the identification of the morphology of geopolymers

The present study highlights the importance of the use of analytical techniques for the identification of the morphology and structure of geopolymers. As an example, geopolymers produced from ferronickel slag and the three main components of construction and demolition wastes (CDW), namely bricks, tiles and concrete, were used. Geopolymers were synthesized by alkali activation of the starting materials using NaOH and Na2SiO3 solutions. Slag, bricks and tiles were successfully geopolymerized reaching a compressive strength higher than 50 MPa, while limited geopolymerization potential was obtained for concrete-based geopolymers (strength 13 MPa). The use of analytical techniques, X-ray Diffraction (XRD), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) and Thermogravimetric analysis (TG) provided significant insights on the geopolymerization mechanisms, the mineralogy, the microstructure and indicate optimum synthesis conditions for each raw material used.
of the Potential Environmental Effects of Aquaculture in Aquatic Ecosystems Volume IV The Role of Genotype and Environment in Phenotypic Differentiation Among Wild and Cultured Salmonids (

Volume IV The Role of Genotype and Environment in Phenotypic Differentiation Among Wild and Cultured Salmonids (Wendy E. Tymchuk, Robert H. Devlin and Ruth E. Withler) Cultured and Wild Fish Disease Interactions in the Canadian Marine Environment (A.H. McVicar, G. Olivier, G.S. Traxler, S. Jones, D. Kieser and A.-M. MacKinnon) Trophic Interactions Between Finfish Aquaculture and Wild Marine Fish (Mark R.S. Johannes)
Slocum Gliders – A Component of Operational Oceanography

As defined by sustained data collection and real-time data distribution, Slocum Gliders are progressing into a component of operational oceanography. The long established collaboration between Webb Research Corporation (WRC) and the Rutgers University Coastal Ocean Observation Lab (RU COOL) provides an overview of the current capabilities of gliders, field data collected, and description of an adaptive command/control center allowing remote world-wide operation. From the humble beginning of the first sea trials of the Slocum Electric Glider at Rutgers LEO-15 New Jersey site in July 1998 to the present day Endurance Line at the same location, with gliders running repeated 250 km round trips to the shelf break each month for the past year and a half and carried forward to operations around the world, gliders have evolved into an operational oceanographic tool. Rutgers data sampling has moved from intensive shipboard sampling 12 hours/day during the month of July into a new era of continuous, year-round adaptive sampling. Highlighted are a number of physical and optical sensor suites that have been integrated into the modular payload bay of the vehicle and the data sets that have resulted. To facilitate vehicle operations, Rutgers and WRC, sponsored by the Office of Naval Research (ONR), have developed a command/control center entitled Dockserver that allows users to fly fleets of gliders simultaneously in multiple places around the world via the Internet. WRC continues to work on the backbone of this system while Rutgers is enhancing the agent oriented software to make Gliders fly adaptively, responding to a goal set. Details are presented on the architecture of this system and how the recognition text based system can be applied to other controllable components in the network. Webb Research Corporation’s Slocum Gliders have been successfully integrated by Rutgers into their Operations Center. They are the backbone to the 24/7/365 sampling program that Rutgers has established. Gliders have proven to be not only robust but also able to collect high quality data during adverse weather conditions that would not allow normal shipboard sampling to occur, flying successfully during a number of N’oreasters, and Hurricanes Ivan and Jeanne. To date, Rutgers and WRC have flown Gliders off of Martha’s Vineyard, just outside of NY Harbor, off of NJ, off of Norfolk, VA, on the West Florida Shelf near Sarasota, the Sargasso Sea and in the northwestern Mediterranean. Rutgers’ use of gliders is an example of an innovative instrument finding its path into operational oceanography.