Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Pursuing an occult carcinoma in a patient with subacute cerebellar degeneration and anticerebellar antibodies. Need for vigorous follow-up.

neuroleptic drug therapy, the most probable mechanism is presynaptic dopamine blockade. "7 Tics can be induced by carbamazepine,22 tricyclic antidepressants,23 and central nervous system stimulants. '" We were, however, unable to find a report in which treatment with haloperidol exacerbated chronic motor tics. Our patient had two complications of neuroleptic drug use. He suffered an acute exacerbation of his chronic motor tic disorder and the occurrence of a new motor tic. We propose that the pathophysiologic mechanism for both conditions was mediated by presynaptic dopamine blockade. Symptoms ofTourette's disorder-tics, coprolalia, obsessive behaviors-have been found to worsen with haloperidol treatment.20 Given the ample evidence associating chronic motor tics with Tourette's syndrome, it is logical to expect similar reactions to treatment with haloperidol. Haloperidol, however, has been shown to prevent the worsening of tics induced by central nervous system stimulants. 4 In our case, treatment with haloperidol exacerbated a preexisting motor tic and induced a new tic. Given the possible complications associated with haloperidol treatment, there are several options available for the treatment of chronic motor tics and Tourette's syndrome (Table 1). 24 For most patients who have an exacerbation of motor tics or the development of Tourette-like syndrome after neuroleptic drug therapy, these will resolve with the discontinuation ofthe drug.20 Treatment with an anticholinergic agent could be another available alternative. Physicians should know of the possible development of motor tics or exacerbation of preexisting motor tics during treatment with haloperidol. It is important to recognize them as neurologic rather than psychological manifestations2" so they may be appropriately managed.
Prevention research in eating disorders: theory and new directions

Background. Over the past two decades, scores of articles and several books have been published calling for more attention to the prevention of eating disorders, but less than two dozen prevention intervention studies have been conducted to date. Methods. This paper reports the results of a systematic review of 20 empirical intervention studies on eating disorders prevention, discussing the data accumulated on what has and has not been effective. Beyond a description of study design and findings, this paper devotes special attention to the theoretical orientations of the studies and their implied assumptions about preventive strategies. Results. Though there has been a compelling interest in social, political and economic factors influencing the incidence of disordered eating, little of this interest has been carried over into the prevention end of eating disorders research. Most studies reported thus far have been designed to target and measure change principally on the individual level, to the exclusion of considering leverage points for intervention in the larger social environment. Conclusions. This paper concludes with a recommendation for new attention to a model of proactive primary prevention targeted at environmental change and cross-disciplinary collaboration to achieve a reduction in the incidence of eating disorders.
The impact of underage drinking laws on alcohol-related fatal crashes of young drivers.

BACKGROUND This study used a pre- to post-design to evaluate the influence on drinking-and-driving fatal crashes of 6 laws directed at youth aged 20 and younger and 4 laws targeting all drivers. METHODS Data on the laws were drawn from the Alcohol Policy Information System data set (1998 to 2005), the Digests of State Alcohol Highway Safety Related Legislation (1983 to 2006), and the Westlaw database. The Fatality Analysis Reporting System data set (1982 to 2004) was used to assess the ratio of drinking to nondrinking drivers involved in fatal crashes [fatal crash incidence ratio (CIR)]. The data were analyzed using structural equation modeling techniques. RESULTS Significant decreases in the underage fatal CIR were associated with presence of 4 of the laws targeting youth (possession, purchase, use and lose, and zero tolerance) and 3 of the laws targeting all drivers (0.08 blood alcohol concentration illegal per se law, secondary or upgrade to a primary seat belt law, and an administrative license revocation law). Beer consumption was associated with a significant increase in the underage fatal CIR. The direct effects of laws targeting drivers of all ages on adult drinking drivers aged 26 and older were similar but of a smaller magnitude compared to the findings for those aged 20 and younger. It is estimated that the 2 core underage drinking laws (purchase and possession) and the zero tolerance law are currently saving an estimated 732 lives per year controlling for other exposure factors. If all states adopted use and lose laws, an additional 165 lives could be saved annually. CONCLUSIONS These results provide substantial support for the effectiveness of under age 21 drinking laws with 4 of the 6 laws examined having significant associations with reductions in underage drinking-and-driving fatal crashes. These findings point to the importance of key underage drinking and traffic safety laws in efforts to reduce underage drinking-driver crashes.
Effects of Intake of Oatmeal in Serum Cholesterol

: Back ground: Soluble fibre has a cholesterol lowering effect. It is found in various grains especially barley and oats, as well as in pulses, fruits and vegetables. Oats contain a form of soluble fibre called oat beta-glucan which is particularly concentrated in the outer layers of the grain. Much of the research into the cholesterol lowering effects of soluble fibre has centered around oat beta glucan. Aim: The aim of the present study is to check the effect of intake of oat meal on serum cholesterol level Method: The study group included healthy adult men and women aged 30–65 years.The participants received a daily serving of 100g oats for 4 weeks. Blood samples were analyzed for total cholesterol before and after the study. Result: The results show a significant decrease in the level of total cholesterol in subjects after intake of oatmeal both for normal subjects and for hyperlipidemic patients.
Dual regulation of adenylate cyclase.

Feel lonely? What about reading books? Book is one of the greatest friends to accompany while in your lonely time. When you have no friends and activities somewhere and sometimes, reading book can be a great choice. This is not only for spending the time, it will increase the knowledge. Of course the b=benefits to take will relate to what kind of book that you are reading. And now, we will concern you to try reading dual regulation of adenylate cyclase as one of the reading material to finish quickly.
Msx2 controls ameloblast terminal differentiation

Late tooth morphogenesis is characterized by a series of events that determine cusp morphogenesis and the histodifferentiation of epithelial cells into enamel‐secreting ameloblasts. Mice lacking the homeobox gene Msx2 exhibit defects in cusp morphogenesis and in the process of amelogenesis. To better understand the basis of the Msx2 mutant tooth defects, we have investigated the function of Msx2 during late stages of tooth morphogenesis. Cusp formation is thought to be under the control of the enamel knot, which has been proposed to act as an organizing center during this process (Vaahtokari et al. [ 1996 ] Mech. Dev. 54:39–43). Bone morphogenetic protein‐4 (BMP4) has been suggested to mediate termination of enamel knot signaling by means of regulation of programmed cell death (Jernvall et al. [ 1998 ] Development 125:161–169). Here, we show that Bmp4 expression in the enamel knot is Msx2‐dependent. We further show that during amelogenesis Msx2 is required for the expression of the extracellular matrix gene Laminin 5 alpha 3, which is known to play an essential role during ameloblast differentiation. This result thus provides a paradigm for understanding how transcription factors and extracellular matrix can be integrated into a developmental pathway controlling cell differentiation. Developmental Dynamics 231:758–765, 2004. © 2004 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
p21 Protects “Super p53” Mice from the Radiation-Induced Gastrointestinal Syndrome

Exposure of the gastrointestinal (GI) tract to high doses of radiation can lead to lethality from the GI syndrome. Although the molecular mechanism regulating the GI syndrome remains to be fully defined, we have recently demonstrated that p53 within the GI epithelial cells controls the radiation-induced GI syndrome. Mice lacking p53 in the GI epithelium were sensitized to the GI syndrome, while transgenic mice with one additional copy of p53 called “Super p53” mice were protected from the GI syndrome. Here, we crossed Super p53 mice to p21–/– mice that lack the cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor p21. Super p53; p21–/– mice were sensitized to the GI syndrome compared to Super p53 mice that retain one p21 allele. In addition, mice lacking p21 were not protected from the GI syndrome with one extra copy of p53. These results suggest that p21 protects Super p53 mice from the GI syndrome.
OPPORTUNITIES, PRECIPITATORS AND CRIMINAL DECISIONS: A REPLY TO WORTLEY'S CRITIQUE OF SITUATIONAL CRIME PREVENTION

Clarke's classification of situational crime prevention tech- niques is designed to provide a conceptual analysis of situational strategies, and to offer practical guidance on their use in reducing criminal opportunities. It has developed in parallel with a long program of empirical research, conducted by many researchers, on the situ- ational determinants and the prevention of a wide variety of crimes. For this reason the classification has been subject to constant revision and updating, of which Clarke's (1997) version, which lists 16 such techniques, is the latest. Recently, Wortley (2001) has suggested the need to augment the existing classification, which deals with the analysis of situational opportunities, with a complementary analysis of situational precipitators. These are factors within the crime setting it- self that may prompt, provoke, pressure, or permit an individual to of- fend. The present chapter examines the assumptions underlying the development of situational crime prevention, and offers some views about the theoretical and practical significance of Wortley's suggested additions and revisions. It concludes by proposing a revised classifica-
Recognition and uptake of free and nanoparticle-bound betalactoglobulin--a food allergen--by human monocytes.

SCOPE To improve our understanding of the interaction of food allergens with cells of the immune system, the endocytosis by human monocytes of bovine β-lactoglobulin (BLG) and ovomucoid (OM)--two major food allergens--and human serum albumin (HSA) was studied. METHODS AND RESULTS BLG was covalently conjugated to dextran-coated magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) without affecting its structure and immunoreactivity. BLG-conjugated MNPs were taken up by human monocytes much more efficiently than non-conjugated MNPs, allowing easy magnetic separation of cells that had adsorbed the allergen. BLG, OM, and HSA were conjugated to MNPs also labeled with a fluorescent probe. The uptake of these materials by human monocytes was monitored through flow cytometry, and compared with fluorescent MNPs and the free fluorescently labeled proteins, confirming higher uptake of the BLG-conjugated MNPs versus non-conjugated MNPs. OM but not HSA conjugation to particles enhanced uptake of the MNPs. Confocal microscopy provided direct evidence of the actual internalization of BLG-MNP conjugates into the cytoplasm. CONCLUSIONS These results contribute to the current understanding of the interaction between food allergens and antigen-presenting cells, and demonstrate that the BLG is readily endocytosed by monocytes both as the single protein and as a conjugate.
The Newala epidemic: III. The virus: isolation, pathogenic properties and relationship to the epidemic

This report on a large outbreak of disease, known locally as ‘Chikungunya’, in the Newala district of Tanganyika concerns the circumstances of isolation of strains of virus, some of their properties, and their relation to the epidemic. The work, reported here, started in Newala from 18 February to 10 March, 1953, and continued thereafter in Entebbe.
Optimum Information Systems to Improve Physical Function After Carpal Tunnel Release

This study aimed to develop optimum information systems to improve physical function after carpal tunnel release. The t-test was done to compare the differences of physical function after carpal tunnel surgery before and after information system application. As a result, for carpal tunnel syndrome, the carpal status in subjects who have suffered from paresthesia decreased after the system application(t=1.73, p=.000). Therefore, this system will contribute to improve efficient operation strategies to apply the guidelines to improve physical function after carpal tunnel release in patients with carpal tunnel syndrome
DESEMPENHO REPRODUTIVO E PRODUTIVO DA RAÇA HOLANDESA EM ALGUNS ESTADOS BRASILEIROS / HOLSTEIN BREED REPRODUCTIVE AND PRODUCTIVE PERFORMANCE IN SOME BRAZILIAN STATES

Foram estudados os registros da idade ao primeiro pato (IPP), do intervalo de paitos (IDP), ca producio cis leite em ate 30S dias (PL305) e da periodo seco precedente (PSECO) de vacas da raca Holandesa, provenientes de seis estados brasileiros (ES, MG, PR, SC, SI' e RS). () arquivo original, cedido pela EMBRAPA/CNPGL, continha 118.639 informacoes dc vacas rica I holandesa, paridas entre 1980 e 1992. Agas as eliminacoes de inibrinucoes iiicornpletas e inconsistentes, foram criados tres conjuntos de dados. Ixcetuando-se o conjunto unto de infonnacoes pura o estudo do primeiro PSECO precedente, os outros dois continham somente infonnacoes da primeira 1actaco tis vacas. Pira melhor consistencia dui ciados, estabeleceu-se que cada touro tivesse, pelo menos, quatro filhas distribuidas cm tres rebanhos. Os modelos usados para a abtenVio das medias dos qUadrados minims ajustavam os efeitos fixos de estado, rebanho dentro de estado, ano e estacao cie nascimento (pari a caracteristica IPP) ou perto (para as caracterist zas IDP, PL3OS e PSECO) e idade ao parto, alem dos efeitos aleatorios de reprodutor e dto erro. Para a obtencao dos parâmetros geneticos pela metodologia REML, em analises de Unica caracteristica e de caracteristicas multiplas, furam utilizados modelos que ajustavam os efeitos fixos de rebanho-ono-estacafl e idade da vaca ao parto, alem dos efeitos aleatorios de animal e do env. As medias ajustadas uros-parlrao foram . 29,7 ± 0,02 meses para a IMP; 413,5 1 caias para o IDP; 5.I28 ± 1 kg, S.2o8 t 15, x.869 ± 17 kg para a PL305; e 98,0 ± 1 dias gora o PSECO. As herdabilidades foram 0,336 0,02; 0,03; e 0,04, respectivamente, para PL305, IPP, IDP e PSECO.
Antibiotic Resistance and Single-Nucleotide Polymorphism Cluster Grouping Type in a Multinational Sample of Resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis Isolates

ABSTRACT A single-nucleotide polymorphism-based cluster grouping (SCG) classification system for Mycobacterium tuberculosis was used to examine antibiotic resistance type and resistance mutations in relationship to specific evolutionary lineages. Drug resistance and resistance mutations were seen across all SCGs. SCG-2 had higher proportions of katG codon 315 mutations and resistance to four drugs.
Advances in the treatment of pediatric brain tumors

Brain tumors are a heterogeneous group of neoplasms with different origins, pathobiologies, treatments and prognoses. The collective contributions from the fields of neuro-oncology, neurosurgery, radiation oncology, neurology, neuropathology, neuroradiology and molecular biology have all led to significant advances in the treatment of certain brain tumors. Ideas from these fields, under the cooperative umbrella of clinical cancer trial consortia, have been tested in large-scale studies. As a result, patient survivals have increased markedly for these tumor types. Unfortunately, there are certain brain tumors in childhood, such as the diffuse intrinsic pontine glioma and atypical teratoid rhabdoid tumor, for which survival advantages have not been found. This review will discuss the current and possible future therapies of the most common pediatric brain tumors and highlight some of the novel imaging modalities that are used pre- and intraoperatively.
A 256-channel multi-phase clock sampling-based time-to-digital converter implemented in a Kintex-7 FPGA

One of the advantages using a multi-phase clock embedded in field programmable gate arrays (FPGAs) to construct a time-to-digital converter (TDC) is its great multi-channel capability. However, many technical aspects limit the time resolution that can be achieved in the TDC architecture. In this paper, a series of solutions to these technical challenges are proposed and a 256-channel TDC with a reasonably high performance is implemented in a single chip of Xilinx Kintex-7 FPGA. The test results show that the time resolution of dualchannel measurements is in the range of 27.1 ps ~ 56.2 ps with a very low sensitivity to ambient temperature. The measurement dead time is three system clock cycles, namely 4.3 ns, which means the peak measurement throughput of the TDC can reach 233 M events per second. The improved performance will make TDCs with the architecture more applicable for varieties of applications.
Circulatory Cell-Free DNA as a New Prognostic Marker in Acute Stroke

Background: Prognostic value of blood markers in cerebral stroke is still a matter of controversies. Recently, much interest has developed in the potential use of plasma DNA as a prognostic tool in acute stroke. Objective: To assess the role of plasma DNA measured early after stroke for the correlation with clinical status of the patients at onset and for prediction of disease severity and mortality after 6 months. Methods: This study included 72 patients and 28 controls. On admission, all patients were subjected to; detailed history and examination; assessment of stroke severity at onset using Glasgow coma scale (GCS) and National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS); Plasma cell-free DNA levels were analyzed by real time quantitative PCR in patients in the first 24 hours after onset and in controls. 6 months later, patients were evaluated for detection of severity and mortality using modified Rankin scale (mRs). Results: The level of plasma cell-free DNA was higher in stroke patients compared to controls (mean±SD=7683.2±2326.8 Vs 432±254 GE/ml). Also, plasma DNA was hi was high and correlated significantly in patients with mRs=6 compared with survivors (P=0.001*). Using multiple logistic regression analysis, significant predictors of poor prognosis and high mortality were: NIHSS >8, lesion volume on CT and plasma DNA concentration. Conclusion: Plasma DNA increased after acute stroke and may be a potentially valuable prognostic marker for severity and mortality of these patients. (Egypt J Neurol Psychiat Neurosurg. 2010; 47(1): 155-162)
Internet addiction among professional courses students: A study from central India -

Background: Rapid expansion and proliferation of the internet has provided better opportunities for communication, information and social interaction. The excessive undisciplined use by individuals has led to the emergence of the concept of internet addiction. Psychological and environmental factors in the lives of college students may leave them disproportionately vulnerable to Internet addiction. Aims & Objective: Present study was conducted with objectives to determine the level of Internet addiction and behavioural aspects among students of professional courses. Materials and Methods: This cross sectional study was carried out on the professional course students, 15 to 25 years of age group in Jabalpur city of Madhya Pradesh, India. A total of 400 students using internet for at least since last 6 months were selected by simple random sampling. Young’s Internet addiction scale, consisting of 20-item, based upon five-point Likert scale was used and subjects were classified into normal users (score 79) internet addiction. Results: A total of 391 out of 400 questionnaire forms were analyzed. Of the 391 students 55% were male. Mean age of students was 19.02(±1.450) years. Males were more addicted to the internet than female. The mean time spent on internet was 1.29(±1.251) hours per day. The internet addiction test scoring revealed that 57.3% as normal users, 35.0% as case of mild, 7.4% as moderate and 0.3% as severely addicted to Internet. Conclusion: Internet addiction is growing problem among students of professional courses, so it is necessary to develop strategies for prevention of internet addiction as well as therapeutic interventions, which is vital for promoting healthy and safe use of the Internet
Transitions in photoperiodic flowering are common and involve few loci in wild sunflowers (Helianthus; Asteraceae).

UNLABELLED • PREMISE OF THE STUDY Evolutionary changes in how flowering time responds to photoperiod cues have been instrumental in expanding the geographic range of agricultural production for many crop species. Locally adaptive natural variation in photoperiod response present in wild relatives of crop plants could be leveraged to further improve the present and future climatic ranges of cultivation or to increase region-specific yields. Previous work has demonstrated ample variability in photoperiod response among wild populations of the common sunflower, Helianthus annuus. Here, we characterize patterns of photoperiod response variation throughout the genus and examine the genetic architecture of intraspecific divergence. • METHODS The requirement of short day lengths for floral induction was characterized for a phylogenetically dispersed sample of Helianthus species. In addition, flowering time was assessed under short days and long days for a population of F3 individuals derived from crosses between day-neutral and short-day, wild H. annuus parents. • KEY RESULTS An obligate requirement for short-day induced flowering has evolved repeatedly in Helianthus, and this character was correlated with geographic ranges restricted to the southern United States. Parental flowering times under long days were recovered in high proportion in the F3 generation. • CONCLUSIONS Together, these findings (1) reveal that substantial variation in the nature of flowering time responses to photoperiod cues has arisen during the evolution of wild sunflowers and (2) suggest these transitions may be largely characterized by simple genetic architectures. Thus, introgression of wild alleles may be a tractable means of genetically tailoring sunflower cultivars for climate-specific production.
Multiple-Reason Decision Making 2 Evidence for Multiple-Reason Decision Making Under Time Limits

It has been repeatedly shown that in decisions unde r tim constraints, individuals predominantly use non-compensatory strategies rathe r than complex compensatory strategies. We argue that these findings might not be due to li mitations of cognitive capacity but to limitations of information search induced by the co mmonly used experimental procedure mouselab (Payne et al., 1988). We tested this assum ption in three experiments. In the first experiment, information was openly presented, where as in the second experiment the standard mouselab was used under different time limits. The results indicate that individuals are able to compute weighted additive decision strategies extre mely quickly if the information search is not restricted by the experimental procedure. In a third experiment, these results could be replicated using more complex decision tasks; the m ajor alternative explanations that individuals use more complex heuristics or encode t he constellation of cues only could be ruled out. In sum, the findings challenge the funda ments of bounded rationality and highlight the importance of automatic processes in decision m aking.