Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Determination of the Amount of Acrylamide Formation during Frying of Potato in Sesame Oil, Palm Olein and the Blend of Them

minutes. The amount of acrylamide in the samples of fried potatoes was determined by GC-ECD. The experiment was carried out in the completely randomized design in triplicates. The examined samples of fried potatoes in each oil were significantly (p< 0.05) different with each other for the amount of acrylamide formation. The maximum amount of acrylamide was 1140 ppb in the samples for Palm olein and the minimum amount of it was 860 ppb in the samples for Sesame oil. The amount of acrylamide in fried samples in the blended oil was also 952ppb.This is due to the higher thermo oxidative stability of Sesame oil in comparison with Palm olein and the blended oil. According to the obtained results, the type of frying oil is an effective factor on acrylamide formation in fried potatoes products and the choice of suitable frying oil that has naturally high thermo oxidative stability can reduce the amount of acrylamide in fried potatoes products. And also blending of Sesame oil with Palm olein is suggested as a suitable strategy for improving thermo oxidative stability of Palm olein and consequently for reducing the amount of acrylamide formation in fried potatoes.
Storing magnetic information in IrMn/MgO/Ta tunnel junctions via field-cooling

In this paper, we demonstrate that in Ta/MgO/IrMn tunneling junctions, containing no ferromagnetic elements, distinct metastable resistance states can be set by field cooling the devices from above the Neel temperature (TN) along different orientations. Variations of the resistance up to 10% are found upon field cooling in applied fields, in-plane or out-of-plane. Well below TN, these metastable states are insensitive to magnetic fields up to 2 T, thus constituting robust memory states. Our work provides the demonstration of an electrically readable magnetic memory device, which contains no ferromagnetic elements and stores the information in an antiferromagnetic active layer.
IMPROVING QOS PERFORMANCE IN THEGATEWAY NODE

Various gateway selection schemes have been proposed to select gateway node based on single QOS and multiple non-Qos path parameters. The single QOS parameter includes path availability period, link capacity and end to end delay. Similarly multiple non-Qos parameters consist of gateway node speed, residual energy and number of hop for MANET. The entire above mentioned scheme will improve only a single network performance such as network throughput, packet delivery ratio, end to end delay or packet drop ratio but none of these schemes improves the overall performance. So to improve the overall network performance it is necessary to select a gateway with stable path. So a gateway selection scheme has been proposed that has all QOS and multiple non-QoS parameters present in a single gateway node connecting two network. Toenhance the gateway node, it is connected to more networks that are two or three.
Seasonal Studies of an Isolated Red Imported Fire Ant (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) Population in Eastern Tennessee

Abstract Seasonal studies on a 1,200-ha isolated infestation of Solenopsis invicta Buren located in McMinn County, TN, were initiated in 1993 and continued through 1997. Winter survivability was evaluated and compared with a southern Mississippi site. The impact of S. invicta on local myrmecofauna was compared with a Tennessee non-infested site. Data collected over four winters indicate that consecutive days at a low ambient air maximum temperature is more indicative of S. invicta winter survivability than minimum temperature. After significant S. invicta mortality the first winter (1993–1994), we did not find significant differences in ant species diversity between the S. invicta infested Tennessee site and a similar, but non-infested site, 32 km away. Species commonly collected in the S. invicta infested site included Forelius pruinosus Roger, an unnamed Forelius sp. , Paratrechina terricola (Buckley) and Pheidole vinelandica Forel.
The Role of Spasticity in Functional Neurorehabilitation- Part I: The Pathophysiology of Spasticity, the Relationship with the Neuroplasticity, Spinal Shock and Clinical Signs

The symptom/clinical sign of spasticity is extremely important in functional neurorehabilitation, since it reduces the functional independence both in the quadruped animal as in the human biped. This clinical sign/symptom manifests itself alonside with pain, muscle weakness, impaired coordination and poor motor planning, leading to a spastic movement disorder. To perform a correct FNR protocol an understanding of its pathophysiology is required. In addition FNR often stimulates the property of the central nervous system, which is neuroplasticity, which may potentiate the spastic movement disorder. In this regard, especially in the human biped, we must take into account the appearance of spinal shock and its development into spastic movement disorder, and therefore, a tight and constant monitoring of clinical signs is essential in order to choose the adequate methods and modalities of FNR.
Field test of wake steering at an offshore wind farm

Abstract. In this paper, a field test of wake-steering control is presented. The field test is the result of a collaboration between the National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL) and Envision Energy, a smart energy management company and turbine manufacturer. In the campaign, an array of turbines within an operating commercial offshore wind farm in China have the normal yaw controller modified to implement wake steering according to a yaw control strategy. The strategy was designed using NREL wind farm models, including a computational fluid dynamics model, Simulator fOr Wind Farm Applications (SOWFA), for understanding wake dynamics and an engineering model, FLOw Redirection and Induction in Steady State (FLORIS), for yaw control optimization. Results indicate that, within the certainty afforded by the data, the wake-steering controller was successful in increasing power capture, by amounts similar to those predicted from the models.
Fora for Distance Education : Another Way for Analysis of Discussions

This paper refers to fora for distance education. The present research focuses on content analysis, a technique frequently used to approach issues concerning asynchronous computer mediated discussion groups. There is a variety of approaches, varying on the level of detail and on the type of categories of analysis they use. The content category is presented as a unit of analysis for the decodification of messages in the asynchronous distance education fora in which the modelling is incorporated in a formal language and the development of a respective system created by Hellenic Open University for this purpose. The creation of this system makes an important contribution to the decoding of discussions in fora, and aims at summary identification of discussions which do not develop in the desired way. Keywords-E-Learning; Asynchronous distance education fora; Content analysis; Formal language; Modelling; AdaBoost; aive Bayes; 1earest eighnor; WI OW.
Collecting the Seminal Scientific Abstracts with Topic Modelling, Snowball Sampling and Citation Analysis

This paper presents a complete information technology for collecting and analysis of a citation network of scientific publications aimed at detecting of seminal papers in a selected domain of research. The technology consists of the seed paper selection, plain snowball sampling, probabilistic topic modeling, greedy restricted snowball sampling, and analysis of the collected citation network. The topic model is built on the base of word-word co-occurrence probability with combination of sparse symmetric nonnegative matrix factorization and principal component approximation. Experiments with the collection of High Energy Physics abstracts show that the number of topics in the model is determined in natural way and the KullbackLeibler divergence correlates with cosine similarity calculated from keywords provided by publication authors. The citation networks on “critical thinking” and “automatic pronunciation assessment” domains are collected and analyzed. The analysis shows that both networks are “small worlds” and therefore the observed saturation of the restricted snowball sampling can provide the complete set of publications in domains of interest. Multiple runs of the sampling confirm the hypothesis that the set of seminal publications is stable with respect to variations of the seed papers. The modified main path analysis allows to distinguish the seminal papers including new publications following main stream of research.
Health Impact Of Air Pollution On Dhaka City By Different Technologies Brick Kilns

The main source of air pollution in Dhaka City is emissions from brick kilns. This study assessed the main factors that affect the city's air pollution levels, as well as the contribution of the different types of brick kilns located in different zones in Dhaka. The significance of air pollution variable and the health impact were examined and policy analysis with respect to kiln type was done. The specific variables analyzed were PM10, PM2.5, SOx, NOx, NO2, CO, and O3; of these only PM10 and PM2.5 exceeded the Bangladesh air quality standards and those prescribed under the World Health Organization air quality guidelines. The study found that vertical shaft brick kilns (VSBK) had the lowest PM10 and PM2.5 emissions, whereas the zigzag types were the second lowest emitters. But in terms of SOx and CO emission, zigzag, gave the lowest values. For CO2, the hybrid hoffman kiln (HHK) had the lowest emission. The PM10 and PM2.5 data from the brick kilns were used in the health effect model and it was shown that zigzag kilns' emissions can be reduced by 60%; VSBK, by 83%; and HHK, by 57%. These results can be used to avoid harmful health effects and to determine the disability- adjusted life year, as well as save on health care cost.
Effect of thermal acclimation on thermal preference, resistance and locomotor performance of hatchling soft-shelled turtle

The significant influence of thermal acclimation on physiological and behavioral performance has been documented in many ectothermic animals, but such studies are still limited in turtle species. We acclimated hatchling soft-shelled turtles Pelodiscus sinensis under three thermal conditions (10, 20 and 30°C) for 4 weeks, and then measured selected body temperature (Tsel), critical thermal minimum (CTMin) and maximum (CTMax), and locomotor performance at different body temperatures. Thermal acclimation significantly affected thermal preference and resistance of P. sinensis hatchlings. Hatchling turtles accli- mated to 10°C selected relatively lower body temperatures and were less resistant to high temperatures than those acclimated to 20°C and 30°C. The turtles' resistance to low temperatures increased with a decreasing acclimation temperature. The thermal re- sistance range (i.e. the difference between CTMax and CTMin, TRR) was widest in turtles acclimated to 20C, and narrowest in those acclimated to 10C. The locomotor performance of turtles was affected by both body temperature and acclimation tem- perature. Hatchling turtles acclimated to relatively higher temperatures swam faster than did those acclimated to lower tempera- tures. Accordingly, hatchling turtles acclimated to a particular temperature may not enhance the performance at that temperature. Instead, hatchlings acclimated to relatively warm temperatures have a better performance, supporting the "hotter is better" hy- pothesis (Current Zoology 59 (6): 718-724, 2013). Keywords Pelodiscus sinensis, Thermal acclimation, Thermal resistance, Locomotor performance
Bulk Level to Individual Particle Level Chemical Composition of Atmospheric Dust Aerosols (PM5) over a Semi-Arid Urban Zone of Western India (Rajasthan)

Mineral dust particles in the lower atmosphere may significantly influence radiative and optical budgets, along with the net chemical balance, through their interactions with ambient chemicals. Their ability to absorb/scatter incoming radiation strongly depends on their chemical composition (i.e., distribution of major crustal elements), but as yet there is no adequate regional database with regard to this for the Indian region. To create a regional database of background mineral dust from a semi-arid zone of western India, we measured the chemical composition of ambient particles (with aerodynamic diameter ≤ 5 µm; PM_5), collected from seven locations of Jaipur city (in the vicinity of Thar Desert; Rajasthan) at varying altitudes, during late-winter of 2012. The chemical compositions of the sampled particles at both bulk and individual levels were measured using X-ray fluorescence (XRF) and Scanning Electron Microscope equipped with Energy Dispersive X-ray (SEM-EDX) techniques, respectively. Significant differences in chemical compositions were observed among the seven sites, yet the bulk chemical compositions of the particles were broadly consistent with those of individual particles. Average elemental ratios of Mg/Al, Si/Al, K/Al, Ca/Al, Mn/Al, Fe/Al were found to be 0.44 ± 0.22, 1.96 ± 0.90, 0.65 ± 0.22, 1.52 ± 0.40, 0.84 and 1.54 ± 1.67 respectively. We also estimated the complex refractive index (RIs at 550 nm wavelength) for the studied sites, yielding an average n and k (the real and imaginary parts of RI, respectively) of (1.56 ± 0.03) + (6.5 ± 4.6) × 10_(-3)i, with the aerosols collected from Kukas Hill area (27.02°N, 75.85°E) having the highest iron (Fe) mass fraction (~43%). Non-crustal elements e.g., Cu, S, C, Ag and Pb were found only in aerosols over the main city Birla Temple (Jaipur) at ground level (26.89°N, 75.81°E).
1 Fault-Tolerant Control for ROVs Using Control 2 Reallocation and Power Isolation 3

This paper describes a novel thruster fault-tolerant control system (FTC) for 8 open-frame remotely operated vehicles (ROVs). The proposed FTC consists of two subsystems: a 9 model-free thruster fault detection and isolation subsystem (FDI) and a fault accommodation 10 subsystem (FA). The FDI subsystem employs fault detection units (FDUs), associated with each 11 thruster, to monitor their state. The robust, reliable and adaptive FDUs use a model-free pattern 12 recognition neural network (PRNN) to detect internal and external faulty states of the thrusters in 13 real time. The FA subsystem combines information provided by the FDI subsystem with predefined, 14 user-configurable actions to accommodate partial and total faults and to perform an appropriate 15 control reallocation. Software-level actions include penalisation of faulty thrusters in solution of 16 control allocation problem and reallocation of control energy among the operable thrusters. 17 Hardware-level actions include power isolation of faulty thrusters (total faults only) such that the 18 entire ROV power system is not compromised. The proposed FTC system is implemented as a 19 LabVIEW virtual instrument (VI) and evaluated in virtual (simulated) and real-world environments. 20 The proposed FTC module can be used for open frame ROVs with up to 12 thrusters: eight 21 horizontal thrusters configured in two horizontal layers of four thrusters each, and four vertical 22 thrusters configured in one vertical layer. Results from both environments show that the ROV 23 control system, enhanced with the FDI and FA subsystems, is capable of maintaining full 6 DOF 24 control of ROV in the presence of up to 6 simultaneous total faults in the thrusters. With the FDI and 25 FA subsystems in place the control energy distribution of the healthy thrusters is optimised so that 26 the ROV can still operate in difficult conditions under fault scenarios. 27
Image denoising with the dual-tree complex wavelet transform

The purpose of this study is to compare image denoising techniques based on real and complex wavelet-transforms. Possibilities provided by the classical discrete wavelet transform (DWT) with hard and soft thresholding are considered, and influences of the wavelet basis and image resizing are discussed. The quality of image denoising for the standard 2-D DWT and the dual-tree complex wavelet transform (DT-CWT) is studied. It is shown that DT-CWT outperforms 2-D DWT at the appropriate selection of the threshold level.
Evidence for persistent seed banks in dwarf eelgrass Zostera noltii in the German Wadden Sea

The intertidal dwarf eelgrass Zostera noltii is a dominant species in the Dutch and Ger- man Wadden Sea. Although numerous studies of its reproductive ecology have been conducted, few have examined the importance of seeds and seed banks for meadow maintenance. We investigated the contribution of a seed bank (size, genetic potential and persistence) to annual recruitment of dwarf eelgrass in the German Wadden Sea using temporal sampling of seeds from the sediment and genetic assignment tests of seedlings to populations of adult shoots from previous years. Annual sed- iment seed density (SD) was 487.5 m -2 (269.4) and 367.3 m -2 (95.5) in 2004 and 2005, respectively, and distribution of seeds in the sediment was highly aggregated. The proportion of over-wintering seeds that germinated under laboratory conditions was 16 to 25%, and field-germination revealed a 12% survival to the seedling stage. Nearly 20% of all shoots present in May 2004 were seedlings. Using 9 microsatellite loci, seedlings sampled in 2004, 2005 and 2006 were compared with adults sampled in 2002, 2003 and 2004; results revealed that 7 to 33% of seedlings could be assigned to the local adult population in current or previous years. Although new recruitment plays an important role in the maintenance of these meadows, considerable new recruitment comes from within the meadow itself. Seeds are viable for at least 3 yr, thereby forming a relatively short-term, but persistent, seed bank.
Atmospheric new particle formation in China

Abstract. New particle formation (NPF) studies in China were summarized comprehensively in this paper. NPF frequency, formation rate, and particle growth rate were closely compared among the observations carried out at different types of sites in different regions of China in different seasons, with the aim of exploring the nucleation and particle growth mechanisms. The interactions between air pollution and NPF are discussed, emphasizing the properties of NPF under heavy pollution conditions. The current understanding of NPF cannot fully explain the frequent occurrence of NPF at high aerosol loadings in China, and possible reasons for this phenomenon are proposed. The effects of NPF and some aspects of NPF research requiring further investigation are also summarized in this paper.
Indirect Treatment Comparison Without Network Meta-Analysis : Overview of Novel Techniques

There is generally a paucity of evidence about the relative effectiveness of a new treatment and its competitors. And yet, this is a critical consideration in reimbursement decisions as well as in the planning of future research. In the absence of head-to-head studies, comparative evidence is derived through indirect comparisons, relying on common comparators to link data from trials of the various treatments of interest. That is, treatments A and B, which were compared to treatment C in their respective trials, can be indirectly compared to each other by contrasting effects of A vs. C to that of B vs. C. Network meta-analysis or mixed/indirect treatment comparison (MTC) is the standard technique used for this purpose. This approach is broadly used and accepted by the research community as well as health technology assessment agencies, in part because it can incorporate data from all competing treatments in a therapeutic area, thus reflecting the totality of evidence that is available.
Thermodynamic Analysis of a Gas Turbine Power Plant Modelled with an Evaporative Cooler

Performance of a gas turbine is mainly depends on the inlet air temperature. The power output of a gas turbine depends on the flow of mass through it. Inlet air cooling increases the power output by taking advantage of the gas turbine’s feature of higher mass flow rate when the compressor inlet temperature decreases. This is precisely the reason why on hot days, when air is less dense, power output falls off. A rise of 1°C temperature of inlet air decreases the power output by 1%. In this paper the performance enhancement of gas turbine power plants by cooling the compressor intake air with an evaporative cooler is studied. This study investigated the effect of inlet air cooling system on the performance of an existing gas turbine power plant in Nigeria. The results show that for each 5oC decrease of inlet air temperature, net output power increases around 5-10% and the thermal efficiency increases around 2-5%. It is shown that the amount of this increase is higher when the pressure ratio is high and turbine inlet temperature is low. The results of this study shows that retrofitting of the existing gas turbine plant with inlet air cooling system gives a better system performance and may prove to be an attractive investment opportunity to the Nigeria government and stakeholders of the plant.
Role of the contrast-enhanced ultrasoud in the diagnosis of HCC in cirrhotic liver

The development of second generation ultrasound (US) contrast-medium and specific imaging techniques with dedicated softwares, allows to observe the liver perfusion in real time, becoming an useful and less invasive method to describe precisely the vascularization of hepatic lesions. This significantly increased the ability of US to detect and characterize focal liver lesions. The aim of this review article is to evaluate the role of contrast enhancement US in the diagnosis of hepatocellular carcinoma in cirrhotic liver, with reference to the guidelines of American Association for the Study of Liver Diseases, European Association for the Study of the Liver and European Federation of Societies for Ultrasound in Medicine and Biology.
Global observation of off-great-circle propagation of long-period surface waves

In the current generation of global dispersion maps of surface waves, the longwavelength structure seems to be very well determined. There is general agreement in the patterns of global phase velocity anomalies up to harmonic degree 1-6. However, the shorter-wavelength structure varies significantly between published maps, and it appears that this part of the models depends strongly on the inversion technique and on the data set of surface-wave dispersion (usually phase measurements). Polarization data depend on the lateral gradient of phase velocity and hence are more sensitive to shorter-wavelength structure than phase data; thus, including these data should enhance resolution. In this paper, I demonstrate that polarization data of long-period surface waves (2 80 s), as a function of frequency, can be reliably measured using a multitaper technique. The resulting off-great-circle arrival angles of the surface-wave packets are relatively easy to interpret within a ray-theoretical framework. Our data base of threecomponent recordings is now large enough to provide useful constraints on global dispersion maps, particularly on the shorter-wavelength parts. Apart from the phase velocity model itself, a possible misorientation of the horizontal components at each station is included in a non-linear inversion as an additional independent model parameter. This gives a significant improvement in the fit to the data. Misorientations of more than 3" are probable for at least four of the 37 stations investigated.