Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Urological Survey INFECTION AND INFLAMMATION OF THE GENITOURINARY TRACT Bacteria of Preoperative Urinary Tract Infections Contaminate the Surgical Fields and Develop Surgical Site Infections in Urological Operations

BACKGROUND: The risk factors for surgical site infection (SSI) following urological operations have not been clearly identified, although the presence of a preoperative urinary tract infection (UTI) is thought to be one risk factor. We studied potential risk factors to clarify when and how bacteria contaminate wounds and SSI develop. METHODS: Objects of the present study were patients with SSI after open urological operations that were performed at the Department of Urology, Miyazaki Medical College Hospital, University of Miyazaki, Kiyotake, Miyazaki, Japan, during the period between June 1999 and December 2000. Endourological operations, operations on children and short operations of less than 2 h duration were excluded. Patients were screened for the presence of UTI before the operation and subcutaneous swabs for culture were collected at the end of the operation by brushing with a sterile cotton-swab just before skin closure. RESULTS: Surgical site infections occurred in 20 of 134 patients. Bacteria from the subcutaneous swabs were detected in 15 (75.0%) of the patients with SSI. All patients received antimicrobial prophylaxis (AMP), but bacteria from the subcutaneous swabs of patients with SSI were less susceptible to the agents (20.0%). Preoperative UTI were observed in 11 (55.0%) of the patients with SSI. In these patients, four had the same species of bacteria detected from urine, swab and wound, three had the same species from swab and wound and one had the same species from urine and wound. CONCLUSIONS: Preoperative UTI was the most important risk factor for SSI following urological operations. It is most likely that the bacteria in the urine contaminated the surgical fields and the AMP resistant strains produced SSI.
Notice of RetractionRecovery Changes of Antioxidant Defenses in Gill of Grass Carp (Ctenopharyngodon idellus) after Removing Short-Period Mercury Exposure

In this study, the activities of SOD, CAT and GPX, and the contents of GSH and MDA in gill of grass carp, Ctenopharyngodon idellus, were measured to be used to explore the recovery changes of antioxidant defenses after short-period mercury exposure was removed. The results showed that the activities of SOD, CAT and GPX were significantly higher than those of the control after mercury exposure was just removed (p<;0.01 or p<;0.05). Subsequently, the enzyme activity decreased gradually, which would be recovered to the level of the control after 12 d, and there was not significant difference between the recovery and the control (p>;0.05). However, GSH content, compared with the control, was obviously lower on day 0 (p<;0.05), and significantly higher on day 4 (p<;0.05). Subsequently, GSH contents on day 12 and 21 were close to the value of the control respectively. For MDA content, in contrast with the control, it was significantly higher in first 12 days after mercury exposure was removed (p<;0.01 or p<;0.05). On the 21st day, MDA content was shown to be recovered to the level of the control. In conclusion, the activities of antioxidant enzymes in gill of grass carp were higher at the beginning of recovery process, which were induced by oxidative stress to enhance the ability of antioxidant defense to cope with the damage of mercury stress. In addition, the indices of antioxidant defenses were sensitive and might be used as biomarkers to indicate recovery status of physiological metabolism after short-period mercury exposure was removed.
Consensus statement : Childhood obesity

In March 2004 a group of 65 physicians and other health professionals representing nine countries on four continents convened in Israel to discuss the widespread public health crisis in childhood obesity. Their aim was to explore the available evidence and develop a consensus on the way forward. The process was rigorous, although time and resources did not permit the development of formal evidence-based guidelines. In the months before meeting, participants were allocated to seven groups covering prevalence, causes, risks, prevention, diagnosis, treatment, and psychology. Through electronic communication each group selected the key issues for their area, searched the literature, and developed a draft document. Over the 3-d meeting, these papers were debated and finalized by each group before presenting to the full group for further discussion and agreement. In developing a consensus statement, this international group has presented the evidence, developed recommendations, and provided a platform aimed toward future corrective action and ongoing debate in the international community.
Concomitant diabetic ketoacidosis and rhinocerebral mucormycosis: report of a case.

Mucormycosis is generally an acute and rapidly developing fungal infection. There are at least six distinct clinical varieties, dependent upon the types of predisposing factors of the patient. 1 Rhinocerebral mucormycosis most commonly manifests itself in cases of poorly controlled diabetes, especially diabetes with ketoacidosis. 2 This clinical report describes a man with diabetic ketoacidosis who developed typical rhinocerebral mucormycosis.
The probability of having glaucoma at different IOP levels

Abstract The probability of having glaucoma is indicated by the quotient (number of eyes with glaucoma)/(number of eyes in the total population). This quotient was calculated for each value of IOP. The number of eyes at each IOP value was taken from IOP frequency distribution curves for glaucomatous and normal eyes, calculated from values obtained by a population survey. By plotting the probability of having glaucoma vs IOP, a sigmoid curve was obtained. The curve indicates that while the glaucoma probability is near zero at IOP = 18 mmHg, it is 0.5 at 27–28 mmHg, and the probability approaches 1, i.e. certainty, at an IOP around 35 mmHg. The frequency distribution of the tolerance limit of IOP was calculated by derivation of this curve. The distribution of IOP tolerance limit was close to a normal distribution with average = 27.9 mmHg and standard deviation = 3.2 mmHg.
Lipolysis and hydrogenation in the rumen.

Two important activities of the rumen microorganisms are (1) lipolysis of the lipids containing esterified fatty acids that are ingested by the ruminant and (2) hydrogenation of unsaturated fatty acids (Garton, 1964). Comparisons of the fatty acid composition of the free fatty acids and the esterified lipids of rumen contents suggest that hydrogenation ofthe fatty acids does not occur until they are hydrolysed from glycerolipid (Garton, Lough & Vioque, 1961; Hawke & Robertson, 1964; Patton & Kesler, 1967). For example, Patton & Kesler (1967) found that the fatty acids of neutral lipids, polar lipids and free fatty acids isolated from the rumen contained 6-6, 7-1 and 70.0% of stearic acid respectively, whereas the same fractions contained 3-6, 1-3 and 0.0% of linolenic acid. This communication reports the use of 2[1-14C]linolenoyl-3-oleoyl-1-palmitoylglycerol as substrate in incubations with rumen fluid to investigate the relationship between lipolysis and hydrogenation. The synthetic triglyceride was prepared by the methods discussed by Mattson & Volperihein (1962), with 1-palmitoylglycerol as starting material (Hartman, 1960). Rumen fluid was obtained from a cow with a rumen fistula that had been grazing on fresh pasture. After the rumen fluid had been strained through two layers of cheesecloth to remove large food particles, 20ml. was incubated for 3hr. with the 14C-labelled triglyceride (001 g., 2.5luc) under an atmosphere of N2 at 380. The reaction mixture
Leaf blight of Syzygium cumini and its management in vitro

A Pestalotiopsis sp. identified as the major pathogen causing leaf blight disease of Syzygium cumini was isolated from naturally infected leaf samples of S. cumini collected from forest nurseries of the Mysore district, India. The fungus was pathogenic on 4-month-old seedlings, which exhibited leaf blight symptoms within 15 days of inoculation. The effects of five systemic and two contact fungicides were evaluated against the pathogen in vitro using the poison food technique. Among the seven fungicides studied in vitro only two systemic fungicides namely, Bavistin and Roko were proven to be effective against Pestalotiopsis sp. at concentrations of 50, 100 and 150 mg/L; these fungicides showed 100% growth inhibition and nil fungal growth. The effectiveness of systemic fungicides was higher than that of contact fungicides. Thus, the present study recommends the use of Bavistin and Roko at a minimal concentration of 50 mg/L for maximum inhibition of Pestalotiopsis sp.
The influence of match location, quality of opposition, and match status on technical performance in professional association football

Abstract The aim of this study was to examine the effects of match location, quality of opposition, and match status on the technical aspects of performance within a single professional British football team. Forty matches from the 2002–2003 and 2003–2004 domestic league seasons were notated post-event using a computerized notational analysis system with 13 on-the-ball behaviours and corresponding outcomes (successful or unsuccessful) assessed. Log-linear modelling procedures indicated that the incidences of all on-the-ball technical behaviours, with the exception of “set-pieces”, were influenced by at least one of the three situation variables, with both independent and interactive effects found. In contrast, logit modelling suggested that there was no general influence of the situation variables on the outcomes of the on-the-ball behaviours. The findings emphasize the need for notational analysts and coaches to consider the potential independent and interactive effects of match location, quality of opposition, and match status when assessing the technical components of football performance, particularly those relating to behaviour occurrence. Future research should consider the effects of additional situation variables purported to influence the mental, physical, technical, and tactical components of football performance.
Managing cutaneous reactions to imatinib therapy.

Cutaneous reactions to imatinib therapy are increasingly being recognized, with up to 21% of patients experiencing mild to moderate reactions at doses of 600 mg and higher. [1][1] A recent case report of Stevens-Johnson syndrome complicating the use of imatinib[2][2] expressed caution in the
The Further Evolution of Cooperation

Axelrod's model of the evolution of cooperation was based on the iterated Prisoner's Dilemma. Empirical work following this approach has helped establish the prevalence of cooperation based on reciprocity. Theoretical work has led to a deeper understanding of the role of other factors in the evolution of cooperation: the number of players, the range of possible choices, variation in the payoff structure, noise, the shadow of the future, population dynamics, and population structure.
Interagency collaboration in providing public services in Russia: a legal perspective

This paper analyzes the legal aspects of sharing interagency information in order to provide electronic public services in Russia. Normative acts describing the provision process for 644 federal public services were analyzed. The goals implemented in the research were twofold: first, to identify and second, to prioritize those services that require interagency collaboration. Recommendations based on Russian experience in developing an incremental legal framework for providing public services are formulated as well.
Retinopathy of Prematurity: Current Concepts in Molecular Pathogenesis

Retinopathy of prematurity is marked by the proliferative vascularization of the retina in preterm babies. An understanding of the molecular pathogenesis of ROP provides the basis for identifying novel therapeutic targets for treatment. Using the mouse model of oxygen-induced retinopathy, the roles of the hypoxia induced factors vascular endothelial growth factor and erythropoietin as well as the maternally derived factors insulin-like growth factor-1 and omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids have begun to be elucidated. Understanding the phase specific effects of these factors will serve to guide the development of non destructive treatments for ROP and for other ischemic retinopathies including diabetic retinopathy and neovascular age-related macular degeneration.
Capping and dynamic relation between domains 1 and 2 of gelsolin

Gelsolin is a protein that severs and caps actin filaments. The two activities are located in the N‐terminal half of the gelsolin molecules. Severing and subsequent capping requires the binding of domains 2 and 3 (S2–3) to the side of the filaments to position the N‐terminal domain 1 (S1) at the barbed end of actin (actin subdomains 1 and 3). The results provide a structural basis for the gelsolin capping mechanism. The effects of a synthetic peptide derived from the sequence of a binding site located in gelsolin S2 on actin properties have been studied. CD and IR spectra indicate that this peptide presented a secondary structure in solution which would be similar to that expected for the native full length gelsolin molecule. The binding of the synthetic peptide induces conformational changes in actin subdomain 1 and actin oligomerization. An increase in the polymerization rate was observed, which could be attributed to a nucleation kinetics effect. The combined effects of two gelsolin fragments, the synthetic peptide derived from an S2 sequence and the purified segment 1 (S1), were also investigated as a molecule model. The two fragments induced nucleation enhancement and inhibited actin depolymerization, two characteristic properties of capping. In conclusion, for the first time it is reported that the binding of a small synthetic fragment is sufficient to promote efficient capping by S1 at the barbed end of actin filaments. ©1998 European Peptide Society and John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Multifunctional nonlinear layered media by resonant scattering and generation of waves

Nonlinear dielectrics with controllable permittivity begin to find broad applications in device technology and are subject of intense studies in the range of both radio and optical frequencies. We focus on the development of a mathematical model, an effective algorithm and a self-consistent numerical analysis of the multifunctional properties of resonant scattering and generation of oscillations by nonlinear, cubically polarizable layered structures.
Preserving moral quality in research, audit, and quality improvement

The coming of age of “safety” indicators Can safer practices—especially pertaining to medication use—be measured and analyzed within the existing paradigm of performance assessment in health care? More than 20 years of experience in performance measurement and evaluation, primarily through indicators, have built a path upon which the more controversial, challenging, and yet similar concepts of safe practices can indeed proceed. Whether descriptive and qualitative (organizational culture towards punishment when errors are identified1–3) or quantitative (use of successive measurement methods to build a performance profile4–6), safer practice is affected by the same latent confounders of performance measurement. The latency of these confounders complicates identification of the explanatory factors regarding the safety of processes. Consequently, and with the recognition that many explanatory factors remain to be uncovered, the evaluation of safety faces at least the following challenges: These challenges are also considered by Paton and Lelliott in their paper on the quality of prescribing for psychiatric inpatients in this issue of QSHC . 7 They present critical first steps in addressing medication use and safety issues. Based on the findings of this paper, a few additional comments on the …
Contribution of Finance to the Low Carbon Economy

Given the advent and spread of carbon assets, as well as the rapid development of financial markets and transactions related with them, this paper intends to achieve the objective of categorizing these phenomena and describing their main characteristics, in such a way that it can be used as a reference by those professionals and scholars who are in-terested in the fighting climate change through the world of finance. In this line, this paper will review and analyse the main carbon assets on regulated and voluntary markets, Emission Reduction Purchase Agreements (ERPAs) and the various structures they may acquire, the role of carbon funds, futures and options over carbon assets, as well as adap-tation in financial markets, particularly in relation to climate derivatives and disaster bonds. The paper ends with a proposal of a reference framework that gathers and categorizes different carbon assets, carbon markets and financial operations traded on these markets.
Novel Process for Producing Cubic Liquid Crystalline Nanoparticles (Cubosomes)

A novel process for producing cubic liquid crystalline nanoparticles (cubosomes) has been developed. The process entails simple mixing of two waterlike solutions with a minimal input of energy. The key to this process is the inclusion of hydrotrope. Most lipids, such as monoolein, used to form cubic liquid crystals are essentially insoluble in water. The hydrotrope dissolves the lipid to create a waterlike solution. Water is added to the hydrotrope solution, resulting in a precipitous decrease in lipid solubility. Provided that the dilution trajectory falls into a cubic phase−water miscibility gap, nanometer-scale cubic liquid crystalline particles form spontaneously, presumably from a homogeneous nucleation mechanism. The process is versatile enough to accommodate any lipid and hydrotrope combination that forms cubic liquid crystalline material upon dilution. Actives and stabilizers can be formulated into either of the two solutions, allowing the production of colloidally stabilized, controlled-release d.
Server-Based Intelligent Public Transportation System with NFC

Mass transit systems have existed for over a century. In the traditional payment structure, tickets, cards and tokens are used for public transportation. Discounts for specific type of riders and benefits coming with transfer fee are only available with cards specifically designed for each city. Balances are kept on fare media, and the cost of ride is calculated and deducted by the validators while getting on the vehicle. This paper proposes a novel serverbased fare calculation and user management system for providing personalized exclusive privileges to riders without getting the special card of the province and allows passengers to benefit from all the advantages of the cities' transport pricing. In addition, it removes the obstacles that prevent the use of new technologies such as contactless bank cards and Near Field Communication (NFC) standard like a traditional province card in public transport. The installation of the system with NFC usage was applied on five different cities in Turkey. By collecting and analyzing real-world data, the association rules were found for the proposed system using FP-Growth algorithm as a data mining technique. This paper also presents a comparison of the proposed system with the existing systems to show its advantages.
Sleep-related factors: associations with poor attention and depressive symptoms.

BACKGROUND Sleep duration is known to be associated with depression and attention deficits in children, though the majority of studies have focused on adolescents. Attention problems and depressive symptoms related to sleep factors have not been studied simultaneously in the non-clinical child population before. METHODS Sleep quantity, adverse bedtime behaviour, daytime sleepiness, poor attention and symptoms of depression were assessed using self-report measures. The participants were 11 years old (n = 439). RESULTS Short sleep duration during the school week is related to poor attention and high depression. It is not a significant predictor of low attention and high depression symptoms in logistic regression analyses. Instead, adverse bedtime behaviour and daytime sleepiness predict them highly significantly. CONCLUSIONS Short sleep duration is related to poor attention and depressive symptoms as suggested by previous work. However, the significant role of other sleep-related factors calls for further research.
Fiber-Reinforced Polymer Composites for Construction—State-of-the-Art Review

A concise state-of-the-art survey of fiber-reinforced polymer (also known as fiber-reinforced plastic) composites for construction applications in civil engineering is presented. The paper is organized into separate sections on structural shapes, bridge decks, internal reinforcements, externally bonded reinforcements, and standards and codes. Each section includes a historical review, the current state of the art, and future challenges.
Salicylic acid analogues as chemical exchange saturation transfer MRI contrast agents for the assessment of brain perfusion territory and blood–brain barrier opening after intra-arterial infusion

The blood–brain barrier (BBB) is a major obstacle for drug delivery to the brain. Predicted, focal opening of the BBB through intra-arterial infusion of hyperosmolar mannitol is feasible, but there is a need to facilitate imaging techniques (e.g. MRI) to guide interventional procedures and assess the outcomes. Here, we show that salicylic acid analogues (SAA) can depict the brain territory supplied by the catheter and detect the BBB opening, through chemical exchange saturation transfer (CEST) MRI. Hyperosmolar SAA solutions themselves are also capable of opening the BBB, and, when multiple SAA agents were co-injected, their locoregional perfusion could be differentiated.
Extensive allelic variation in Cryptococcus neoformans

The orotidine monophosphate pyrophosphorylase (OMPPase) gene locus of the DNA of 13 Cryptococcus neoformans var. neoformans strains, including 10 recent clinical isolates, was studied by using restriction fragment length polymorphisms and nucleotide sequence analysis. The OMPPase locus (URA5) is highly polymorphic, and at least six alleles were identified. The nucleotide sequences of some alleles differed by up to 5%. The majority of the nucleotide polymorphisms in the protein-coding region occurred at the third codon position and were silent. The low frequency of replacement nucleotide substitutions relative to silent nucleotide substitutions implied that there is strong selection against amino acid changes in OMPPase. The allelic variation suggested that there is extensive genomic diversity among C. neoformans clinical isolates from one geographic area. The various alleles are potentially useful markers in the study of the population structure, epidemiology, and pathogenesis of C. neoformans strains.
Use ontology in the diagnostic system

The goal of the paper is self-diagnostic system. The first part of the paper describes type of the maintenance and principle of management. The paper describes diagnostic system and his parts. We show elements of diagnostics system and definition of diagnostics. The second part of the paper shows the ontology as the decision-making model which is used as the part of self-diagnostic device.