Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
An accurate current reference using temperature and process compensation current mirror

In this paper, an accurate current reference using temperature and process compensation current mirror (TPC-CM) is proposed. The temperature independent reference current is generated by summing a proportional to absolute temperature (PTAT) current and a complementary to absolute temperature (CTAT) current. The temperature coefficient and magnitude of the reference current are influenced by the process variation. To calibrate the process variation, the proposed TPC-CM uses two binary weighted current mirrors which control the temperature coefficient and magnitude of the reference current. After the PTAT and CTAT currents are measured, the switch codes of the TPC-CM are fixed in order that the magnitude of reference current is independent to temperature. And, the codes are stored in the non-volatile memory. In the simulation, the effect of the process variation is reduced to 0.52% from 19.7% after the calibration using a TPC-CM in chip-by-chip. A current reference chip is fabricated with a 3.3V 0.35um CMOS process. The measured calibrated reference current has 0.42% variation.
Microsatellite markers for Dayaoshania cotinifolia (Gesneriaceae), a critically endangered perennial herb.

UNLABELLED PREMISE OF THE STUDY Microsatellite primers were developed for the critically endangered species Dayaoshania cotinifolia (Gesneriaceae) to evaluate population genetic diversity and detect population history. • METHODS AND RESULTS In our study, 15 primer sets were developed using an enriched genomic library. These are the first microsatellite loci developed for this genus. Genetic diversity was measured using 40 individuals. The number of alleles per locus ranged from one to six, and the incidence of observed heterozygosities was 0.365 and 0.410 in two populations. • CONCLUSIONS The described markers will be useful in future population genetics studies of this critically endangered species.
Procesos léxicos y de comprensión lectora en alumnos de educación secundaria

La comprension lectora es un proceso complejo que requiere tanto la “construccion” como la “integracion” de la informacion, siendo por tanto un proceso interactivo en el que intervienen una gran cantidad de procesos mentales. Este hecho conlleva que exista una gran heterogeneidad de dificultades en la comprension. El objetivo del presente estudio consiste en analizar las posibles diferencias en cuanto al acceso al lexico y los procesos de comprension entre un grupo de alumnos con dificultades en la comprension (DCL) y otro grupo de alumnos sin DCL. Participaron 84 adolescentes (42 con DCL y 42 sin DCL) de 12 a 16 anos escolarizados en la etapa de Educacion Secundaria Obligatoria. Los resultados obtenidos evidencian que ambos grupos presentan un procesamiento de la informacion diferenciado. Las principales diferencias obtenidas se encuentran en los diferentes procesos lexicos, ademas de la captacion de ideas explicitas y la elaboracion de inferencias anaforicas. La finalidad de este trabajo consiste en poder disenar intervenciones que se ajusten a las necesidades de los alumnos con dificultades.
Full siblings impersonating parent/child prove most difficult to discredit with DNA profiling alone

DNA profiling is currently the most widely used method for parentage verification, although many forms of it have limitations of some sort. In this paper, a general formula is derived to depict a simple relationship between the probability that a random man and the probably that a male relative of the child, other than the child's father, is excluded from paternity, when the phenotype of the child's mother is unavailable. With this, the possible limitations of a finite set of STR loci in excluding close relatives of the child from paternity are illustrated. Genetically, among the commonly encountered biologic relationships, to exclude a full sibling of the child from paternity if they pose themselves as father and child remains the most difficult.
Cuticular Waxes of Arabidopsis thaliana Shoots: Cell-Type-Specific Composition and Biosynthesis

It is generally assumed that all plant epidermis cells are covered with cuticles, and the distinct surface geometries of pavement cells, guard cells, and trichomes imply functional differences and possibly different wax compositions. However, experiments probing cell-type-specific wax compositions and biosynthesis have been lacking until recently. This review summarizes new evidence showing that Arabidopsis trichomes have fewer wax compound classes than pavement cells, and higher amounts of especially long-chain hydrocarbons. The biosynthesis machinery generating this characteristic surface coating is discussed. Interestingly, wax compounds with similar, long hydrocarbon chains had been identified previously in some unrelated species, not all of them bearing trichomes.
Imaging of the turn space and path of movement of a wheelchair for remodeling houses of individuals with SCI

The houses of individuals with SCI (spinal cord injury) are remodeled according to their wheelchair operation ability, the method of body transfer, and their use of welfare equipment before they return from the hospital. In our rehabilitation center, house remodeling is demonstrated for individuals and family members using three-dimensional computer graphic images before the house construction is started. In this study, the turning radius is calculated using image sequences of the wheelchair that are estimated using the speeds of the motion of both the wheelchair rear wheels as measured using rotary encoders. The two-dimensional remodeled house image on which the turn space of the wheelchair is displayed is created using the individual's calculated turn radius of the wheelchair. Moreover, to design the toilet room, the path of motion and the image sequences of the wheelchair approaching and leaving the toilet are displayed on an image of the toilet room.
In vitro effects of beta-casomorphins on ion transport in rabbit ileum.

beta-Casomorphins (beta-CM) represent opioid peptides derived from bovine beta-casein. As opiates are known to decrease short-circuit current (Isc) and stimulate intestinal electrolyte absorption, we tested the effects of natural beta-CM-4-OH, beta-CM-5-OH, and three related analogues on electrolyte transport in rabbit ileum in vitro. At concentrations of 10(-7) to 10(-3) M, the three analogues (beta-[D-Ala2]CM-4-NH2, beta-[D-Ala2,Met5]CM-5-NH2, and beta-[D-Ala2,4,Tyr5]CM-5-NH2) caused a dose-dependent, naloxone-reversible reduction in Isc after addition to the serosal side of the preparation. beta-[D-Ala2,4,Tyr5]CM-5-NH2 also decreased Isc after mucosal addition. Serosal addition of the same analogue stimulated absorption of sodium and chloride (+2.90 +/- 0.95 and +2.12 +/- 0.60 mu eq . h-1 . cm-2, respectively) and inhibited residual flux (-1.80 +/- 0.57 mu eq . h-1 . cm-2). The natural beta-CM tested did not decrease Isc. These results demonstrate that beta-CM analogues stimulate intestinal absorption of electrolytes by an opioid mechanism. The fact that beta-[D-Ala2,4,Tyr5]CM-5-NH2 was effective on the mucosal side favored the hypothesis that certain food-related opioid peptides might be absorbed by the intestine.
A bubble-based microfluidic gas sensor for gas chromatographs.

We report a new proof-of-concept bubble-based gas sensor for a gas chromatography system, which utilizes the unique relationship between the diameters of the produced bubbles with the gas types and mixture ratios as a sensing element. The bubble-based gas sensor consists of gas and liquid channels as well as a nozzle to produce gas bubbles through a micro-structure. It utilizes custom-developed software and an optical camera to statistically analyze the diameters of the produced bubbles in flow. The fabricated gas sensor showed that five types of gases (CO2, He, H2, N2, and CH4) produced (1) unique volumes of 0.44, 0.74, 1.03, 1.28, and 1.42 nL (0%, 68%, 134%, 191%, and 223% higher than that of CO2) and (2) characteristic linear expansion coefficients (slope) of 1.38, 2.93, 3.45, 5.06, and 5.44 nL/(kPa (μL s(-1))(-1)). The gas sensor also demonstrated that (3) different gas mixture ratios of CO2 : N2 (100 : 0, 80 : 20, 50 : 50, 20 : 80 and 0 : 100) generated characteristic bubble diameters of 48.95, 77.99, 71.00, 78.53 and 99.50 μm, resulting in a linear coefficient of 10.26 μm (μL s(-1))(-1). It (4) successfully identified an injection (0.01 μL) of pentane (C5) into a continuous carrier gas stream of helium (He) by monitoring bubble diameters and creating a chromatogram and demonstrated (5) the output stability within only 5.60% variation in 67 tests over a month.
Activator Protein-1 Contributes to High NaCl-induced Increase in Tonicity-responsive Enhancer/Osmotic Response Element-binding Protein Transactivating Activity*

Tonicity-responsive enhancer/osmotic response element-binding protein (TonEBP/OREBP) is a Rel protein that activates transcription of osmoprotective genes at high extracellular NaCl. Other Rel proteins NFAT1–4 and NF-κB complex with activator protein-1 (AP-1) to transactivate target genes through interaction at composite NFAT/NF-κB·AP-1 sites. TonEBP/OREBP target genes commonly have one or more conserved AP-1 binding sites near TonEBP/OREBP cognate elements (OREs). Also, TonEBP/OREBP and the AP-1 proteins c-Fos and c-Jun are all activated by high NaCl. We now find, using an ORE·AP-1 reporter from the target aldose reductase gene or the same reporter with a mutated AP-1 site, that upon stimulation by high extracellular NaCl, 1) the presence of a wild type, but not a mutated, AP-1 site contributes to TonEBP/OREBP-dependent transcription and 2) AP-1 dominant negative constructs inhibit TonEBP/OREBP-dependent transcription provided the AP-1 site is not mutated. Using supershifts and an ORE·AP-1 probe, we find c-Fos and c-Jun present in combination with TonEBP/OREBP. Also, c-Fos and c-Jun coimmunoprecipitate with TonEBP/OREBP, indicating physical association. Small interfering RNA knockdown of either c-Fos or c-Jun inhibits high NaCl-induced increase of mRNA abundance of the TonEBP/OREBP target genes AR and BGT1. Furthermore, a dominant negative AP-1 also reduces high NaCl-induced increase of TonEBP/OREBP transactivating activity. Inhibition of p38, which is known to stimulate TonEBP/OREBP transcriptional activity, reduces high NaCl-dependent transcription of an ORE·AP-1 reporter only if the AP-1 site is intact. Thus, AP-1 is part of the TonEBP/OREBP enhanceosome, and its role in high NaCl-induced activation of TonEBP/OREBP may require p38 activity.
Complications and late sequelae following nasotracheal intubation

A total of 379 patients admitted to the ICU for mechanical ventilation were prospectively investigated for lesions on the nose, nasal cavity, ears and larynx during and after nasotracheal intubation. One to two years later, the surviving patients were questioned to investigate late persisting sequelae. During intubation and up to 5 days following extubation, inflammatory changes and ulceration of the nostrils or nasal septum were found in 76 (20%) and 110 patients (29%), respectively. There were bleedings from the nasal cavity in 67 (19%) and fractures of the conchae in 40 patients (11%). Hoarseness was noted in 135 patients (42%). Inflammatory changes and ulcerations of the nostril and nasal septum were correlated to the duration of intubation. Among the 281 patients included in the follow‐up study, 100 (35%) had symptoms from the nose and nasal cavity. Sixty‐five (24%) had symptoms related to the ears, 56 (20%) to the maxillary sinus, 81 (29%) to the voice and 90 (32%) to the throat. Increasing duration of intubation was found to be correlated to persisting symptoms from the larynx. Former ulcerations of the nose were associated with a tendency to nasal bleeding. To avoid as many complications as possible from the nose and nasal cavity, we recommend orotracheal intubation. As late sequelae from the larynx increase with the duration of intubation, perhaps tracheostomy should be performed earlier than is general practice today, but that has to be proven in forthcoming studies.
Relationship of the Rank of Information Systems Executive to the Organizational Role and Planning Dimensions of Information Systems

Abstract:The organizational rank of the senior Information Systems (is) officer has been suggested to influence the effectiveness of the organizational is effort. As is continues to gain increasing recognition as a key organizational system, a study of the various factors that contribute to its effectiveness should be particularly useful. This research explores the relationship between the reporting level of the senior is executive and two specific aspects of is, namely, is organizational role and is planning. The analysis is based on the responses of is executives to a survey instrument. Results support the existence of significant linkages between the rank of the is executive and the IS aspects addressed in the study. This suggests that the reporting level of the IS executive may be a key variable that management should focus on in efforts to increase the effectiveness of their information systems.
Group sparse beamforming for green cloud radio access networks

A cloud radio access network (C-RAN) is a promising network architecture to meet the explosive growth of the mobile data traffic. In this architecture, all the baseband signal processing is shifted to a single baseband unit (BBU) pool, which enables efficient resource allocation and interference management. Meanwhile, conventional powerful base stations can be replaced by low-cost low-power remote radio heads (RRHs), producing a green and low-cost network. However, as all the RRHs need to be connected to the BBU through backhaul links, the backhaul power consumption becomes significant and cannot be ignored. In this paper, we propose a new framework to design green C-RAN. Instead of only focusing on the RRH power consumption, we will minimize the network power consumption which includes the power consumed by both the RRHs and the backhaul links. The design problem is formulated as a joint RRH selection and power minimization beamforming problem, which turns out to be a convex-cardinality optimization problem and is NP-hard. We will first propose a global optimization algorithm based on the branch-and-bound method. By inducing the group-sparsity of the beamformers, we then propose two low-complexity algorithms, which essentially decouple the RRH selection and the power minimization beamforming. Simulation results demonstrate that the proposed algorithms can significantly reduce the network power consumption.
Reversed temporal artery island flap for forehead reconstruction.

In the majority of cases of frontal defect, it has been shown that the defect is caused by the wide excision of malignant cancers or by traumatic impact; a number of procedures have been proposed to resolve the issue of frontal defect treatment. Within the diverse range of proposals, Ozdemir et al.1 have produced numerous works on versions of superficial temporal artery island flaps designed specifically for facial reconstruction. Along with these, the current article brings to the fore an innovative flap, the purpose of which is to cover a frontal defect without a skin graft. The flap consists of a circle 5 cm in diameter that covers both non–hair-bearing and hair-bearing wounded areas.
oes access to medicines differ by gender ? Evidence from 15 ow and middle income countries

Objective: To examine gender differences in access to prescribed medicines in 15 lower and middle income countries. Methods: The proportion of consultations with at least one prescription for women in three age groups (<15, 15–59, 60+ years) with acute respiratory infections (ARI), depression and diabetes in routine audits was compared to the expected proportion calculated from WHO Global Burden of Disease estimates. Newer oral hypoglycaemic medication prescribing was also analysed. Differences reported by country, age group, and condition. Findings: 487,841 consultations examined between January 2007 and September 2010 in low (n = 1), lower middle (6), and upper middle income (8) countries. No country favoured one gender exclusively, but gender differences were common. Taking the 15 countries together, only diabetes treatment revealed a significant difference, with women being treated less often than expected (p = 0.02). No consistent differences found across countries grouped by World Bank income category, WHO region or Global Gender Gap Index. Overall, women had equal access to newer oral hypoglycaemics. Conclusion: Gender differences in access to prescribed medicines for three common conditions are common, but favour neither gender consistently. This challenges prevailing hypotheses of systematic disparities in access to care for women. Evidence about gender disparities should influence policy design.
Telemedicine in pediatric wound care.

BACKGROUND Telemedical wound care is one of the possible applications of teledermatology. The treatment of pediatric wounds needs frequent and periodic assessments of their local status and adjustment of dressings choice. MATERIALS AND METHODS We present our experience using telemedicine in the successful assessment and treatment of 19 pediatric patients at the OPBG, Rome . Photographs with a digital camera were taken and sent weekly by mail to a wound care specialist in Rome. This allowed the expert to diagnose and evaluate the wounds periodically. RESULTS In the shown cases, telemedicine allowed us to have an immediate evaluation and therapy adjustment. The quality of the images was good enough that the physician could regularly evaluate the status of the wound and immediately give his feedback to the parents. Of these 19, 13 patients (68%) experienced a wound resolution during the remote monitoring period. The satisfaction of the parents detected at 3, 6 and 12 months was found to be respectively 57%, 71%, 84%. CONCLUSION Reducing transportation to the hospital to obtain a specialist advice, wound teleconsultation lowers health care costs and improve the quality of life for pediatric patients and their family, while still maintaining a high quality of pediatric wound care.
Creating Conversational Characters Using Question Generation Tools

This article describes a new tool for extracting question-answer pairs from text articles, and reports three experiments that investigate how suitable this technique is for supplying knowledge to conversational characters. Experiment 1 demonstrates the feasibility of our method by creating characters for 14 distinct topics and evaluating them using hand-authored questions. Experiment 2 evaluates three of these characters using questions collected from naive participants, showing that the generated characters provide full or partial answers to about half of the questions asked. Experiment 3 adds automatically extracted knowledge to an existing, hand-authored character, demonstrating that augmented characters can answer questions about new topics but with some degradation of the ability to answer questions about topics that the original character was trained to answer. Overall, the results show that question generation is a promising method for creating or augmenting a question answering conversational character using an existing text.
A Weighted Fuzzy Clustering Algorithm for Multicast Routing Optimization

To solve the topology cluster detection in the multicast routing optimization, this paper proposed a weighted fuzzy clustering algorithm for the mixed data set indicating two different routing metrics. The scheme first normalized the related routing metrics to comprise the feature vector, and then weighted the features in the fuzzy membership matrix corresponding to their related importance to the routing optimization for the better clustering performance. The experiments illustrated, compared with HCM, that the proposed scheme is effective in both the clustering performance and the routing performance with the different topology configuration.
Specific Fractionation of Immunocompetent Cells

Prominent progress in molecular biology was only made when it became possible to separate functionally distinct molecules by taking advantage of their biophysical properties. Likewise, the analysis of the functions of heter ogeneous populations of immunocompetent cells, as to the functional properties of their various subpopulations, can not be done until these can be isolated in reasonably pure form by selective fractionation. During the last few years significant advances have been made in this field, and cells have been separated according to size, density or charge (Miller et al., 1969; Shortman, 1968; Andersson, 1973c), or by taking advantage of more specific surface markers to allow selective depletion or enrichment of a given subpopulation of cells (Wigzell and Andersson, 1971). Although separation techniques have been used in a variety of cellular systems, they have been particularly useful in the study of reticuloendothelial cells and primarily in the study of cells participating in the immune responses.
Evaluación del rendimiento de un planificador de tareas sobre una plataforma heterogénea ARM+DSP de Texas Instruments

El presente trabajo estudia la viabilidad a la hora de aplicar un modelo de programacion basado en la extraccion de paralelismo a nivel de tareas sobre distintas arquitecturas heterogeneas basadas en un procesador multinucleo de proposito general acelerado con uno o mas aceleradores hardware. Se ha implementado una aplicacion completa cuyo objetivo es la deteccion de bordes en una imagen (implementando el Algoritmo de Canny), y se ha evaluado en detalle su rendimiento sobre distintos tipos de arquitecturas, incluyendo CPUs multinucleo de ultima generacion, sistemas multi-GPU y una arquitectura objetivo basada en procesadores ARM Cortex-A15 acelerados mediante un DSP C66x de la compania Texas Instruments. Los resultados experimentales demuestran la viabilidad de este tipo de implementacion tambien para arquitecturas heterogeneas novedosas como esta ultima, e ilustran la facilidad de programacion que introduce este tipo de modelos de programacion sobre arquitecturas de proposito especifico.
Ground-State Phase Diagram of the 1D t-J model

The t-J model constitutes together with the Hubbard model a paradigm for the theoretical description of high temperature superconductors (HTS) since its derivation by Zhang and Rice 1 from a three-band Hubbard (spin-fermion) model describing the copper-oxide planes present in HTS. It can also be derived in second order perturbation theory aroundU =1, where U is the strength of the interaction in the Hubbard model 2 . Its Hamiltonian is H = t X hi;ji f y i; f j; + h.c.