Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Programmed cell death ligand-1 expression in gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine tumors.

PURPOSE Gastroenteropancreatic tumors (GEPNETs) is a heterogeneous disease with variable clinical course. While promising therapeutic options exist for other adult cancers, there are no new molecular-based treatments developed for GEPNETs. One of the main targets of cancer immunotherapy is the Programmed Cell Death Ligand-1 (PD-L1) pathway. Our purpose was to investigate the profile of PD-L1 expression in different organs of GEPNETs and compare the conventional immunohistochemistry (IHC) with the RNA expression analysis via real time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) in order to determine which patients might be appropriate for immune check point-targeted therapy. METHODS A total of 59 surgically or endoscopically resected GEPNET tissues were retrospectively collected. The expression of PD-L1 and mRNA was evaluated with IHC. RESULTS The expression of PD-L1 was significantly associated with the high-grade classification (p=0.012). PD-L1 mRNA expression in tumor samples appeared to be higher compared to the corresponding normal tissues. In appendix, stomach and small intestine, the expression of PD-L1 mRNA was higher in the tumor tissues compared to the respective controls. In pancreas and colon, control tissues tend to have a higher PD-L1 mRNA expression compared to tumor tissues. PD-L1 mRNA expression was higher in GEP carcinomas (p=0.0031). CONCLUSION RT-PCR was found to be more sensitive in detecting PD-L1 expression than conventional IHC. This study may provide an important starting point and useful background information for future research about immunotherapy for appendix, stomach and small intestine neuroendocrine carcinomas.
Principle Elaboration and System Structure Validation of Wireless Power Transfer via Strongly Coupled Magnetic Resonances

Theoretical analysis of wireless power transfer (WPT) via strongly coupled magnetic resonances (SCMR) is given on the coupled-mode theory (CMT) and circuit theory (CT). Furthermore, differences and similarities between these two theories are described. Some kinds of practical system structures are analyzed by CT, and the limitation of SCMR's application is elaborated. Aiming at different practical system structures, the matching methods are explored and the conclusions are validated by simulation.
Assessing Protective Factors Against Drug Abuse Among High School Students: Self‐Control and the Extended Parallel Process Model

&NA; The aim of this study was to assess determinant behavioral factors for drug abuse among high school students based on the Extended Parallel Process Model (EPPM). Self‐control components were also assessed. A sample of 176 governmental high school students participated in this survey. Information was collected individually through completion of a researcher‐designed questionnaire. The results suggested that the EPPM theoretical variables of perceived severity and perceived self‐efficacy and an additional variable, self‐control, were related to behavior intentions against substance abuse (r squared = 0. 35; F = 17.99; p = 0. 000). Self‐control, perceived self‐efficacy, and perceived susceptibility were related to attitudes against substance abuse (r squared = 0.27; F = 9.09; p = 0. 000). This study showed that self‐control; attitudes against drug abuse, and peer resistance skills were related to adapting the protection motivation process (X2 = 21.15; P < 0. 001). Including self‐control as a complementary factor within the EPPM could be effective for designing primary drug abuse prevention programs and predicting pre drug abuse related behaviors. More work is needed to determine whether designs for drug abuse resistance education might be improved if measures of self‐control were integrated into EPPM.
Investigating the Effect of Remote Limb Ischemic Preconditioning in Preventing Delirium in Patients Candidate for Coronary Artery Cardiopulmonary Bypass in Bushehr Heart Hospital

Background: Delirium is one of the common complications following open-heart surgery. Delirium is a fluctuating cognitive impairment and consciousness disorder and a common as well as acute problem for patients hospitalized in hospitals, complicating the course of patient improvement. Ischemic preconditioning can be a method to mitigate delirium of patients. The aim of the study is to investigate the effect of remote limb ischemic preconditioning in preventing delirium in patients undergoing coronary artery bypass graft surgery. Methods: The present study is a randomized clinical control trial performed as interventional before and after intervention and control groups. The research population consisted of patients hospitalized in the ICU ward of Heart Center hospital of Bushehr city (Iran) to undergo CBAG or referred electively. In this plan, 80 patients participated chosen through convenient sampling, and then randomly assigned into intervention and control groups. The research instrument was demographics information form and Neecham scale to investigate the incidence of delirium. The data were analyzed by SPSS 22, whereby chi-do, Mann-Whitney, and Friedman nonparametric analysis of variance were used. Findings: The mean delirium score before the intervention in the test group was 27.9 with standard deviation of 0.35, and in the control group it was 29.8 with standard deviation of 0.48 (p=0.399), which was the same in the two groups before the intervention and had no significant difference. The mean score of delirium after the intervention in the test group was 27.9 with standard deviation of 0.89 and in the control group it was 27.8 with a standard deviation of 0.96, suggesting insignificant difference between intervention and control groups. Conclusion: The results of this research indicated that remote limb ischemic preconditioning cannot result in mitigation of delirium in CABG patients.
Approche plurielle à l'étude de la structure tertiaire de l'ARN chez les virus

The study of RNA macromolecule structure is essential to understand genetic expression and to explore the plural role of RNA. b give some dues on the virus’s ability to recruit the cellular rnachinery of the host, we investigated the 3D structure of some elements of their genome. Their genomic and structural analysis is crucial for the identification of novel drug target and for the eradication of the corresponding disease. In this thesis, the focus is made on RNA motifs, that are recurrent building block of the RNA 3D structure, and their use in viral RNA. Our hypothesis of work is that RNA motifs confer the function to the RNA molecule. Therefore, their identification and localization is useful for the understanding of how viruses work. We present three approaches in this thesis: (j) viral element building using 3D RNA homology modeling; (ii) the characterization of an ubiquitous viral RNA motif; (iii) the annotation of numerous viral elernents given their RNA motif composition. The number of available 3D strncture has increased in databases since the ribosomal RNA subunit crystal structure was solved in 2000. We used more than 3000 RNA structures during our research. b achieve our goals, we developed many processi combined with bioinformatics tools allowing RNA structure analysis (annotation, molecular modeling, motif searcli.). The first aspect of this work concems the property of tridimensional structure conservation between different viruses. To predict the tertiary structure of the RNA, a homology modeling pipeline was developed and gave four new 3D structural models of the viral stem-loop D, a highly conserved element wihin picomaviridae. The second aspect reveals the peculiar organization of an RNA motif: the GC quartet. It was characterized and searched in the PDB database (Protein DataBank) leading to its description as a ubiquitous stabilizing structural motif. The third aspect concems the redundancy of the RNA motif. A broad study characterizing the viral elements was realized, highlighting the unique feature ofbulge motifs and providing the first catalogue of viral RNA elements annotated with their intrinsic motifs. During this study, it appears clearly that viral elernents constitute an excellent model choice to analyze the RNA structure as they possessed numerous interesting motifs. In addition, we could observe the redundancy of some motifs and, in the contrary, the specificity of others.
THE SUSTAINABLE GROWTH RATE OF FIRM IN MALAYSIA: A PANEL DATA ANALYSIS

This research analyzes the impact of financial indicators as a key factor on the sustainable growth rate with panel data for time period, 2005-2015. Sustainable growth rate as a dependent variable, regressed with four different independent variables such as debt to equity ratio, dividend payout ratio, profit margin, and asset turnover ratio. Three different models like Ordinary Least Squares (OLS), Random Effect Model (REM), and Fixed Effect Model (FEM) were used for the analysis. This research gathered for eight sectors of firm in Malaysia for eleven years that lead to use the panel data analysis, whereas panel data may have Breusch-Pagan LM test, and Hausman test. Heteroscedasticity, Modified Wald test for group wise heteroscedasticity, the Wooldridge serial correlation test will apply in this research. The results found that three models get same results which debt to equity ratio (DTER), dividend payout ratio (DPR), profit margin (PM), and sales to assets (STA) are positive impact of the sustainable growth rate. This research contributes to the literature by contributing understandings of the sustainable growth rate practice for companies. Keywords: random and fixed effect, sustainable growth rate, financial indicators, panel data analysis. Abstrak Kajian ini menganalisis kesan indikator kewangan sebagai faktor utama kadar pembangunan mampan dengan menggunakan data bagi tempoh 2005-2015. Kadar pembangunan mampan adalah pembolehubah bersandar, manakala empat pembolehubah tidak bersandar adalah nisbah hutang kepada ikuiti, nisbah pembayaran dividen, margin keuntungan dan nisbah perolehan aset. Tiga model berlainan iaitu Ordinary Least Squares (OLS), Random Effect Model (REM), dan Fixed Effect Model (FEM) telah digunakan bagi tujuan analisis. Kajian ini mengumpulkan data daripada 8 sektor organisasi di Malaysia selama 11 tahun menggunakan analisis panel data. Panel data seperti Breusch-Pagan LM test, and Hausman test. Heteroscedasticity, Modified Wald test for group wise heteroscedasticity, the Wooldridge serial correlation test akan digunakan di dalam kajian ini. Hasil kajian menunjukkan tiga model iaitu nisbah hutang kepada ikuiti (DTER), nisbah pembayaran dividen (DPR), margin keuntungan (PM), dan jualan kepada aset (STA) menunjukkan impak yang positif ke atas kadar pembangunan mampan. Kajian ini memberi sumbangan kepada kajian terdahulu dengan memberikan pengetahuan tentang amalan kadar pembangunan mampan di organisasi. Kata kunci: Kesan rawak dan tetap, kadar pembangunan mampan, indikator kewangan, analisis panel data.
Incidentally Discovered HCC (iHCC) in Explant Liver-Histopathologic Features and Clinical Outcome

Incidentally discovered hepatocellular carcinomas (iHCC) are tumors which are discovered on the explanted liver which were not present on imaging prior to transplant. The natural history, histopathologic characteristics and prognosis of iHCC are not clearly defined. Methods: A retrospective analysis was performed to compare the characteristics of iHCC and established HCC within Milan criteria (eHCC) in patients who underwent liver transplantation at our center between 2000 and 2010. Results: During the study period a total of 975 adult patients were transplanted in our center; 124 (12.7%) patients had eHCC and 26 (2.6%) patients had iHCC. A larger number of patients with iHCC (73.1%) had ascites when compared to eHCC (41.3%) (p = 0.035). Patients with iHCC had a higher mean bilirubin (p 0.001) and mean INR (p = 0.05) than patients with eHCC. Around 70% of patients with iHCC had a Model for End Stage Liver Disease (MELD) score greater than 15 at the time of listing while only 25% of patients with eHCC had a MELD greater than 15 at listing (p 0.001). The mean alphafetoprotein (AFP) in patients with iHCC was significantly lower (11.6 ± 16.5) than the patients with eHCC (564.9 ± 2180; p = 0.024). In patients with iHCC, 30.8% had a multiple tumors and 23% had bilobar involvement. The average number of tumors was 1.6 and the cumulative tumor size was 2.1 cm (SD 1.4). The cumulative tumor size in iHCC was significantly smaller than in eHCC (mean 3.9 cm) (p = 0.035). American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC) T1 tumor stage was found in 58% of patients with iHCC and 48.4% of patients with eHCC (p = 0.829). The median survival was 9.47 years for iHCC (95% CI 7.0 - 11.9) and 8.7 years (95% CI 6.1 - 11.4) for eHCC (p = 0.328). While none of the patients with iHCC had recurrence of HCC, the incidence of recurrence in patients with eHCC was 6.4%. Conclusion: iHCC occurred in patients with more advanced liver disease than eHCC. AFP was usually not elevated in patients with iHCC. The cumulative tumor size of iHCC was smaller than eHCC but around a third of iHCC were multifocal, supporting the theory of multicentric hepatic carcinogenesis. Survival of patients with iHCC was similar to patients with eHCC and recurrence was not noted in patients with iHCC.
Physical Functioning in Patients With Ankylosing Spondylitis: Comparing Approaches of Experienced Ability With Self-Reported and Objectively Measured Physical Activity

Background Physical functioning can be assessed by different approaches that are characterized by increasing levels of individual appraisal. There is insufficient insight into which approach is the most informative in patients with ankylosing spondylitis (AS) compared with control subjects. Objective The objective of this study was to compare patients with AS and control subjects regarding 3 approaches of functioning: experienced ability to perform activities (Bath Ankylosing Spondylitis Functional Index [BASFI]), self-reported amount of physical activity (PA) (Baecke questionnaire), and the objectively measured amount of PA (triaxial accelerometer). Methods This case-control study included 24 AS patients and 24 control subjects (matched for age, gender, and body mass index). Subjects completed the BASFI and Baecke questionnaire and wore a triaxial accelerometer. Subjects also completed other self-reported measures on disease activity (Bath AS Disease Activity Index), fatigue (Multidimensional Fatigue Inventory), and overall health (EuroQol visual analog scale). Results Both groups included 14 men (58%), and the mean age was 48 years. Patients scored significantly worse on the BASFI (3.9 vs 0.2) than their healthy peers, whereas PA assessed by Baecke and the accelerometer did not differ between groups. Correlations between approaches of physical functioning were low to moderate. Bath Ankylosing Spondylitis Functional Index was associated with disease activity (r = 0.49) and physical fatigue (0.73) and Baecke with physical and activity related fatigue (r = 0.54 and r = 0.54), but total PA assessed by accelerometer was not associated with any of these experience-based health outcomes. Conclusions Different approaches of the concept physical functioning in patients with AS provide different information. Compared with matched control subjects, patients with AS report more difficulties but report and objectively perform the same amount of PA.
The role of supervision in child injury risk: definition, conceptual and measurement issues

The purpose of this paper was to examine caregiver supervision and its role as an active strategy in childhood injury prevention. Through a review of the literature, the authors addressed conceptual and methodological issues related to supervision, such as the question of how to define ‘adequate supervision. ’ Three critical dimensions (attention, proximity and continuity) of caregiver supervisory behaviors are identified as important areas for measurement. Presented is a framework for understanding the role of passive and active supervisory behaviors within the social context. The framework includes family and community characteristics and policies/regulations that may be important in caregiver decisions to use active or passive injury prevention strategies. Future research directions are discussed.
Neuronal nitric oxide synthase control mechanisms in the cutaneous vasculature of humans in vivo

The physiological roles of constituitively expressed nitric oxide synthase (NOS) isoforms in humans, in vivo, are unknown. Cutaneous vasodilatation during both central nervous system‐mediated, thermoregulatory reflex responses to whole‐body heat stress and during peripheral axon reflex‐mediated, local responses to skin warming in humans depend on nitric oxide (NO) generation by constituitively expressed NOS of uncertain isoform. We hypothesized that neuronal NOS (nNOS, NOS I) effects cutaneous vasodilatation during whole‐body heat stress, but not during local skin warming. We examined the effects of the nNOS inhibitor 7‐nitroindazole (7‐NI) administered by intradermal microdialysis on vasodilatation induced by whole‐body heat stress or local skin warming. Skin blood flow (SkBF) was monitored by laser–Doppler flowmetry (LDF). Blood pressure (MAP) was monitored and cutaneous vascular conductance calculated (CVC = LDF/MAP). In protocol 1, whole‐body heat stress was induced with water‐perfused suits. In protocol 2, local skin warming was induced through local warming units at LDF sites. At the end of each protocol, 56 mm sodium nitroprusside was perfused at microdialysis sites to raise SkBF to maximal levels for data normalization. 7‐NI significantly attenuated CVC increases during whole‐body heat stress (P < 0.05), but had no effect on CVC increases induced by local skin warming (P > 0.05). These diametrically opposite effects of 7‐NI on two NO‐dependent processes verify selective nNOS antagonism, thus proving that the nNOS isoform affects NO increases and hence vasodilatation during centrally mediated, reflex responses to whole‐body heat stress, but not during locally mediated, axon reflex responses to local skin warming. We conclude that the constituitively expressed nNOS isoform has distinct physiological roles in cardiovascular control mechanisms in humans, in vivo.
Modeling and Electrical Measurement of Transport AC Loss in HTS-Based Superconducting Coils for Electric Machines

AC loss can be a significant problem for any applications that utilize or produce an AC current or magnetic field, such as an electric machine. The authors are currently investigating the electromagnetic properties of high temperature superconductors with a particular focus on the AC loss in coils made from YBCO superconductors. In this paper, a 2D finite element model based on the H formulation is introduced. The model is then used to calculate the trans port AC loss using both a bulk approximation and modeling the individual turns in a racetrack-shaped coil. The coil model is based on the superconducting stator coils used in the University of Cam bridge EPEC Superconductivity Group's superconducting permanent magnet synchronous motor design. The transport AC loss of a stator coil is measured using an electrical method based on inductive compensation using a variable mutual inductance. The simulated results are compared with the experimental results, verifying the validity of the model, and ways to improve the accuracy of the model are discussed.
p16 inactivation in small‐sized lung adenocarcinoma: Its association with poor prognosis

p16, an inhibitor of cell cycle machinery, is frequently inactivated in non‐small cell carcinoma of the lung (NSCCL). To clarify the significance of p16 inactivation in the progression of lung adenocarcinoma, we immunohistochemically evaluated p16 protein status and Rb, p53 and cyclin D1 expression in 51 surgically resected adenocarcinomas that were less than 3 cm in diameter (median follow‐up period: 52.5 months). Twenty‐one of 51 adenocarcinomas showed negative immunostaining for p16. Twenty adenocarcinomas were also negative for Rb, while 31 and 13 were positive for p53 and cyclin D1, respectively. Loss of p16 expression was significantly correlated with scar grade, lymphatic permeation, lymph node metastasis and clinical stage. Rb protein expression was also inversely correlated with scar grade, pleural involvement and vascular invasion. When the cases were stratified according to the expression of both proteins, the Rb−/p16− subset (7/51) consisted of poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma with a higher grade of invasion. While Rb, p53 and cyclin D1 protein status showed no significant correlations with prognosis, p16 inactivation was significantly correlated with poor prognosis, and the prognosis of Rb−/p16− was the worst among the 4 subsets. Inactivation of p16 may play a role in accelerating scar formation and lymph node metastasis, and may contribute through these mechanisms to poor prognosis in patients with small‐sized lung adenocarcinoma. Int. J. Cancer (Pred. Oncol.) 84:49–53, 1999. © 1999 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Chronic cholestasis is associated with hypogonadism and premature ovarian failure in adult rats (cholestasis causes ovarian hypogonadism)

ABSTRACT Hypogonadism is a well-known complication in males with chronic liver diseases. However, the consequences of chronic hepatopathies on female reproductive capacities have received relatively little attention. The present study evaluates the effect of chronic obstructive jaundice on the ovary of adult cycling rats. Estrous cyclicity was monitored to check the functional status of the hypothalamic–pituitary–ovarian axis. Ovarian changes were assessed using histomorphometric, immunohistochemical, and ultrastructural techniques. Chronic cholestasis was associated with estrous cycle irregularities, diminished ovarian weight, primordial follicle loss, atretic follicle prevalence, marked stromal fibrosis, and diminished immunoexpression of proliferation marker and estrogen receptors, in addition to many ultrastructural alterations in theca, granulosa cells, and oocytes of antral follicles. The results establish that chronic cholestasis causes hypogonadism and premature ovarian insufficiency in adult cycling female rats.
Effective Information Security Requires a Balance of Social and Technology Factors

Industry experts have called for organizations to be more strategic in their approach to information security, yet it has not been clear what such an approach looks like in practice or how firms actually achieve this. To address this issue, we interviewed 21 information security executives from 11 organizations. Our results suggest that a strategically focused information security strategy encompasses not only IT products and solutions but also organizational integration and social alignment mechanisms. Together, these form a framework for a socio-technical approach to information security that achieves three objectives: balancing the need to secure information assets against the need to enable the business, maintaining compliance, and ensuring cultural fit. The article describes these objectives and the security alignment mechanisms needed to achieve them and concludes with guidelines that can be applied to ensure effective information security management in different organizational settings.