Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Distributed Cognitive Routing in Multi-channel Multi- hop Networks with Accessibility Consideration

Among Cognitive Radio Network (CRN) research topics, routing algorithms especially for multi-channel networks are in the early stages. In this paper, we design a novel cognitive routing scheme for multi-channel multi-hop wireless networks. The main contribution of the proposed routing scheme is the sub-optimal low computational complexity which makes it applicable for distributed network architecture with power constraints. Other important aspect of the proposed routing scheme is considering the objectives related to the network performance, accessibility and efficient spectrum utilization jointly. As the simulation results demonstrate the presented scheme provides a significant improvement in the spectral efficiency and adequate QoS in term of delay propagation and interference in CRN.
Är utländska psykologer inte välkomna i Sverige

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Origin and peripheral distribution of the thoracic and abdominal median nerves in the fifth instar larva of the silkworm, Bombyx mori (Lepidoptera: Bombycidae)

The origin and peripheral distribution of the median nerves of the prothoracic and sixth abdominal ganglia have been traced using methylene blue staining technique. Each median nerve (MN), after originating from the posterior part of the ganglion, bifurcates into two transverse nerves (TN) that extend laterally into the right and left halves of the hemi- segment. The TN of thoracic median nerve bears two motor branches that innervate spiracular muscles and dorsolateral muscles, while the TN of sixth abdominal ganglion bears five motor branches and two sensory branches. Its motor branches innervate three groups of muscles, namely, musculi laterales interni, musculi dorsales interni laterales and musculi dorsales interni mediales, while its sensory branches extend over the body wall in the ventrolateral and dorsolateral areas of the hemi-segment. The median nerves are connected to ganglionic nerves by median nerve connectives that facilitate intersegmental coordination. The functional role of median nerves in respiration, blood circulation and intersegmental coordination is discussed keeping in view their projections and innervations.
Harmonization of methodology of assessment of meat quality features.

Introduction The dramatic changes in the market forms for poultry in recent years, from a predominantly whole bird commodity to modern highly diversified industry focused on cut up, deboned meat, and ready-to-eat further processed products, has resulted in a change of quality expectation. The major poultry meat quality attributes are appearance, texture, juiciness, flavour, and functionality. With increasing trends in further processing, meat functionality has increased in relative importance, especially because of its key role in determining the sensory quality of complex ready-to-eat products (Fletcher, 2002). Many different methods measuring meat quality traits are available which are based on different principles, and instruments and/or probes. Particular attention should be taken also in order to standardize meat sample preparation and handling before and during analysis. In view of the complexity of meat processes during post-mortem time and quality trait determination, it is not surprising that the results obtained in different studies and laboratories are not always in agreement with. For comparison of results it is therefore necessary to keep strictly to the measuring specifications and that is why standardisation is indispensable. The Working Group 5 “Poultry Meat Quality” of the WPSA European Federation has been proposed to produce a document which would serve as a common base methodology that would permit comparison between researches carried out by different groups, based on international research programme. This paper represents the first step of this work including chemical and physical traits (Table 1), while sensory traits will be included in a second step.
Interleukin-12B gene polymorphism and visceral Leishmaniasis in Iraqi patients

The present study aimed to determine the role of IL12 -1188 genetic polymorphism in susceptibility or resistant to visceral Leishmaniasis (VL) by studying single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) in the gene of IL12B at position -1188 in 44 Iraqi VL patients and 40 healthy controls. IL-12 serum level showed no significant difference between patients and controls (5.33 ± 3.26 vs .2.17 ± 0.36 pg/ml). In addition, SNP analysis revealed that neither genotypes nor alleles of IL12B -1188 revealed a significant variation between VL patients and controls. To determine the impact of IL12B -1188 genotypes on IL-12 serum level, VL patients and controls were distributed according to their serum level in the three genotypes of this cytokine. It was found that IL12 -1188 CC genotype demonstrated a significant increased level of IL-12 (26.16 ±19.76 pg/ml) in patients compared to CA and AA genotype (1.35 ± 0.35 pg/ml and 1.48 ± 0.23 pg/ml respectively) of patients. Keywords: Visceral leishmaniasis, Interleukin-12, Single nucleotide polymorphism
Design and Fabrication of a DC Cylindrical Magnetron Sputtering Device

A dc cylindrical magnetron sputtering device is des igned and its characteristics are studied. The device consists of two copper cylinder s with 1.5 and 5 cm in radius and 20 cm in length. A magnetic coil mounted around the outer cylinder generates an axial magnetic field up to 550 G. The effect of different magnetic field on the ionization rate of the discharge is observed. It is shown that the ele ctrical behavior of the discharge strongly depends on the values of the magnetic fiel d and shows an optimum value at which the power absorbed by the plasma is maximum. The effect of different pressure on the ionization rate is also studied and the results are reported.
Using SALUS Model for Medium and Long Term Simulations of Energy Efficiency in Different Tillage Systems

In the present paper, medium and long term yield simulation and energy estimation are carried out for conventional tillage and for no-tillage. Analyses were performed by means of forecasting model SALUS. Such software was fed with several data sets: climatological data summaries (since 1990), climate forecasts (from 2011 to 2025), soil characteristics, crops and management techniques for eight different farms involved in the study. For each farm, simulations provided yield in the case of both conventional and no-tillage. Technical input and yield were converted into energy in order to estimate efficiency. Medium and long term forecasts reveal how no-tillage can provide a better energy efficiency, with enhanced effects in the long term.
Multi-Fragmental Availability Models of Critical Infrastructures with Variable Parameters of System Dependability

Abstract: This paper presents the development of the MFMC-based methodology and technique for modelling and quantitative availability assessment of critical ITinfrastructure consisting of maintained and partially unmanned systems. It takes into consideration a variation of system and component parameters and, in particular, variation of failure rates caused by detection and elimination of design faults.
THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN PARENTAL DEFENSE INTENSITY AND NEST SITE CHARACTERISTICS IN EURASIAN MAGPIE (PICA PICA L.) - AN ASSESSMENT WITH THE CLASSIFICATION METHODS

Nest defense behavior varies among species and depends on different factors. However little is known of the influence of urbanization and nest characteristics on the nest defense intensity as parental investment of the bird species. We observe the Eurasian magpie Pica pica nests to evaluate their nest defense behavior among those factors including urbanization degree of habitat, and nest characteristics such as nest volume, presence/absence of roof, offspring size and the number of offspring reduction for each breeding stages (incubation, early brooding and post brooding stage). To investigate the relationship between the nest defense behavior of Eurasian magpie and a set of those factors we used classification trees, binary logistic regression and random forest. According to our results nest defense strategies can be temporally changed primarily according to the nest volume with the auxiliary agents mostly a reduction of offspring number, which indicates parental capacities and offspring conditions could shape strongly their own nest defense strategies. Besides, we recommend classification trees, binary logistic regression and random forest modeling approaches to be considered individually or together for predictive mapping for ecosystem scientists.
COMPUTATIONAL PROCESSES OF A HALL CAD MODELISATION FOR ACOUSTIC SIMULATION ACCORDING TO ACCEPTED GEOMETRY FORMAT VIA ACOUSTIC SOFTWARE

The acoustic computational simulation presents many advantages but at the same time there are some limits corresponding, among others, to the modelisation of the hall geometry. The integrated modelers of geometry of the halls in the acoustic simulation software are based especially on the programming code modelisation via text editors of coordinate points and not on the graphical modelisation, as the CAD software is. In cases of complex architectural shapes of halls, the majority of the acoustic simulation software imperatively needs to import a model from a CAD software. However, the modelisation of the geometry of the hall must take into account several criteria in order to run in an acoustic simulation software, and optimize the calculation results, such as the plane surfaces, the limited number of surfaces in some cases, the elimination of the unnecessary elements, the accepted geometry model format, etc. This paper explains the description and the particularities of three different modelisation processes of the Architectural School Amphitheater of Bordeaux in a CAD system in order to be adequate for acoustic simulation via acoustic software, such as ASCII, dxf and normals orientation model formats. It also presents computer automatization aspects of these processes integrated in a plate-form adaptable to a CAD system named â€œCAD-Acoustic. â€ These modelisation processes can also be a helpful tool during the architectural conception of the acoustic hall.
Tumor Microenvironment and Immune System: Sworn Enemies Living Together

Development of cancer in host either humans or other vertebrate animals has led to the establishment of statement by scientists and researchers involved in this field that it is a multi factorial disease (i.e. genetics, age, ethnic background, environmental factors, incidence of occurrence of specific bacterial and viral infections, exposure to certain drugs and chemicals and immunological status of the host etc.). Out of all these factors, immune system has the responsibility to take care of host against any external pathogen (i.e. bacteria, virus, parasites and fungi etc.) as well as xenobiotics including cancer causing agents (i.e. carcinogens). If anything foreign to the body enters into it, immune system comes in action within minutes via activation of innate immune response comprising of innate immune cells (i.e. Macrophages, Neutrophils, Dendritic Cells (DCs), Mast cells, Myeloid derived suppressor cells (MDSCs), Natural Killer (NK) cells) and its humoral component called complement system to clear it from the body using different fast and robust pathways. If innate immune system proves incapable to do that, then it sends signals (various effector molecules i.e. cytokines and chemokines) to activate adaptive immune response (comprised of T cell and B cell mediated immune response). If this adaptive immune response also fails then host is in danger as its defense system is not working against the invading agent or otherwise host’s own modified cells (i.e. cancer cells), which usually occurs during the development of cancer. Thus, immune system has responsibility for providing protection to host from external as well as internal danger causing the development of life threatening cancer.
The I 2 R ASR System for IWSLT 2015

In this paper, we introduce the system developed at the Institute for Infocomm Research (I 2 R) for the English ASR task within the IWSLT 2015 evaluation campaign. The frontend module of our system includes a harmonic modelling based automatic segmentation and the conventional MFCC feature extraction. The back-end module consists of an auxiliary GMM-HMM training to provide the speaker adaptive transform (SAT) and the initial forced alignment, followed by a discriminative training DNN acoustic modelling. Multistage decoding strategy is employed with a semi-supervised DNN adaptation which uses weighted labels generated by the previous-pass decoding output to update the trained DNN models. Finally, Recurrent Neural network (RNN) is used to train and rescore the language modelling to further improve the performances. Our system achieved 8.4 % WER on the tst2013 development set, which is better than the official results on the same set reported from the previous evaluation. For this year’s tst2015 test set, we obtained 7.7% WER.
Dynamic analysis of the livestock inventory in Inner Mongolia

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to test hypotheses about the effects of economic and weather factors on the inventories of cattle, sheep and goats in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region (IMAR). Design/methodology/approach An equilibrium displacement model of livestock products is combined with an inventory relation proposed by Rucker et al. (1984) to deduce hypothesis about the effects of expected price and feed costs, weather, and supply and demand shifters on herd size. Dynamics are incorporated using the partial adjustment and adaptive expectations models originally proposed by Nerlove (1956). The hypotheses are tested using both the structural equations implied by the model, and the reduced form. Findings Results suggest livestock inventories in IMAR in general are more responsive to weather conditions than to economic conditions. This is especially true for cattle and sheep, where isolated 1 percent changes in weather variables, namely precipitation and radiation, were found to have a much larger effect on inventory than isolated 1 percent changes in expected price and forage costs. The effects of the weather variables, moreover, were found to be different for goats than for cattle and sheep, with goat numbers decreasing with improvements in weather, and cattle and sheep numbers increasing. This suggests herders respond to poor weather in part by substituting goats for cattle and/or sheep. Price was found to have a negative effect on cattle inventory, and no effect on sheep and goat inventory. Forage costs were found to have a positive effect on cattle and sheep inventories, and no effect on goat inventory. These results suggest policies to protect grassland by controlling inventory levels must be designed carefully if they are to be effective. Originality/value The paper makes a methodological contribution in that the livestock inventory relation proposed by Rucker et al. (1984) is extended to include supply and demand shifters for livestock products in a partial-equilibrium setting where the industry in question is a net exporter of livestock products. The paper makes an empirical contribution in that additional evidence is provided on the role that price plays in inventory behavior.
Residual stress measurement using the contour and the sectioning methods in a mig weld: Effects on the stress intensity factor

The longitudinal residual stress distribution in a 6082-T6 aluminum alloy MIG butt welded thin plate was determined using the contour method. Although several geometries have been successfully studied with the contour method before, the authors are not aware of previous attempts to use this method in a long narrow section as in the present case. Validation was done using literature data including the CEGB-R6 procedure as well as experimental plate surface measurements obtained using the established sectioning technique. The residual stress measurement was used in fatigue crack growth simulations in order to compare the fatigue behavior of the plate with and without residual stress.
Escape of the fiddler crab Uca rapax (Smith, 1870) (Crustacea: Ocypodidae) in the state of Minas Gerais, Brazil

A escape of the fiddler crab Uca rapax (Smith, 1870), in the state of Minas Gerais is reported for the first time. This record was made more than 200 km away from its original habitat, a mangrove area in the state of Rio de Janeiro. The species has been introduced in ponds in the study area, located in the largest ornamental pisciculture/aquaculture center of Brazil. Male individuals of U. rapax were observed engaged in territorial and courtship displays around their burrows. Despite this, there is no well-established population of the species in the area, due to the physiological dependence of the larvae on brackish water. Keywords: Escape of exotic organisms, Brazil, fiddler crab, Minas Gerais, Uca rapax.
Properties of time-dependent statistical solutions of the three-dimensional Navier-Stokes equations

This work is devoted to the concept of statistical solution of the Navier-Stokes equations, proposed as a rigorous mathematical object to address the fundamental concept of ensemble average used in the study of the conventional theory of fully developed turbulence. Two types of statistical solutions have been proposed in the 1970's, one by Foias and Prodi and the other one by Vishik and Fursikov. In this article, a new, intermediate type of statistical solution is introduced and studied. This solution is a particular type of a statistical solution in the sense of Foias and Prodi which is constructed in a way akin to the definition given by Vishik and Fursikov, in such a way that it possesses a number of useful analytical properties.
Two autosomal recessive neuromuscular disorders - FRDA and LGMD2A, in a single Bulgarian pedigree

Here we report a single pedigree affected by two different recessive neuromuscular disorders, namely Friedreich ataxia (FRDA) and Limb-Girdle Muscular Dystrophy Type 2A. The molecular genetic testing showed that in this family FRDA is caused by an expanded GAA repeat in compound heterozygous state with a novel point mutation c.442C>T, p.Gln148* on the second allele of the FXN gene. This case of two siblings (male and female) is the first report of Bulgarian FRDA case carrying a point mutation in the FXN gene. The LGMD2A affected individual was found to be compound heterozygous for the two most common CAPN3 mutations for the Bulgarian population (c.550delA, p.Thr184Argfs; c.967G>T, p.Glu323*). To the best of our knowledge we are reporting the first Bulgarian family with two neurological disorders caused by mutations in genes on different chromosomes and segregating independently in the family. This single pedigree with four different mutations is an example for the high genetic heterogeneity of the Bulgarian population.
Examining students' use of online annotation tools in support of argumentative reading

This study examined how students in a Hong Kong high school used Diigo, an online annotation tool, to support their argumentative reading activities. Two year 10 classes, a high-performance class (HPC) and an ordinary-performance class (OPC), highlighted passages of text and wrote and attached sticky notes to them to clarify argumentation structures and to represent and share argumentation processes. Analysis of annotations revealed that highlighting was the most frequently used online annotation feature. The HPC made significantly more sticky notes and used them more to annotate terms, claims and judgments than the OPC. The study suggests that Diigo is a promising tool for supporting reading-to-argue. The findings may be of value to teachers and researchers in designing online annotation tools that more effectively foster the process of reading-to-argue.
Mesoscale to Submesoscale Transition in the California Current System. Part II: Frontal Processes

Abstract This is the second of three papers investigating the regime transition that occurs in numerical simulations for an idealized, equilibrium, subtropical, eastern boundary, upwelling current system similar to the California Current. The emergent upper-ocean submesoscale fronts are analyzed from phenomenological and dynamical perspectives, using a combination of composite averaging and separation of distinctive subregions of the flow. The initiating dynamical process for the transition is near-surface frontogenesis. The frontal behavior is similar to both observed meteorological surface fronts and solutions of the approximate dynamical model called surface dynamics (i.e., uniform interior potential vorticity q and diagnostic force balance) in the intensification of surface density gradients and secondary circulations in response to a mesoscale strain field. However, there are significant behavioral differences compared to the surface-dynamics model. Wind stress acts on fronts through nonlinear Ekman .
A Comparative Study Of Nasal Final Prefixes In Malay And English

This paper compares nasal final prefixes in Malay and English. In many languages, nasal and voiceless obstruent clusters are not allowed to emerge in the surface representation. Therefore, the clusters undergo some repair strategies, e.g. nasal assimilation, nasal deletion, nasalisation, nasal substitution, denasalisation and post-nasal voicing. This paper thus intends to investigate how the occurrence of clusters in Malay and English is resolved. Based on the data from previous studies, this paper shows that nasal and voiceless obstruent clusters are not entirely prohibited in Malay, as in /məŋ-komersil/ → [məŋ-komersil] ACT.PRF-commercial ‘to commercialise’, and are allowed to emerge in English as in /un-traditional/ → [un-traditional]. The occurrence of nasal and voiceless obstruent clusters in those words is due to the phonological characteristics of English and Malay, i.e. Uniform Exponence and lexical strata respectively. The occurrence of such cases in Malay and English could be explained satisfactorily by adopting a constraint-based theory named Optimality Theory (Prince and Smolensky, 1993). In the analysis, I demonstrated how Uniform Exponence and lexical strata were used to explain the case in hand.
The Personalisation of Partisan Attachments in the Second Italian Republic

This paper investigates the individual-level determinants of partisan attachments in the Second Italian Republic. Based on the marked personalisation of the political supply in the last two decades, our hypothesis is that there has been a shift in the ground on which psychological feelings of closeness to parties are based from prior socio-ideological identities to individual attitudes towards party leaders. The hypothesis is tested through a number of statistical analyses of ITANES post-election survey data. Our findings highlight the constantly growing part played by leader evaluations in shaping individuals' feelings of closeness to parties, as compared to other potential determinants of partisan attachment.