Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Learning with Tensor Representation

Most of the existing learning algorithms take vectors as their input data. A function is then learned in such a vector space for classification, clustering, or dimensionality reduction. However, in some situations, there is reason to consider data as tensors. For example, an image can be considered as a second order tensor and a video can be considered as a third order tensor. In this paper, we propose two novel algorithms called Support Tensor Machines (STM) and Tensor Least Square (TLS). These two algorithms operate in the tesnor space. Specifically, we represent data as the second order tensors (or, matrices) in Rn1 ⊗Rn2 , where Rn1 and Rn2 are two vector spaces. STM aims at finding a maximum margin classifier in the tensor space, while TLS aims at finding a minimum residual sum-of-squares classifier. With tensor representation, the number of parameters estimated by STM (TLS) can be greatly reduced. Therefore, our algorithms are especially suitable for small sample cases. We compare our proposed algorithms with SVM and the ordinary Least Square method on six databases. Experimental results show the effectiveness of our algorithms.
Cord Blood Vitamin D Deficiency Is Associated With Respiratory Syncytial Virus Bronchiolitis

BACKGROUND: Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is the most important pathogen causing severe lower respiratory tract infection (LRTI) in infants. Epidemiologic and basic studies suggest that vitamin D may protect against RSV LRTI. OBJECTIVE: To determine the association between plasma vitamin D concentrations at birth and the subsequent risk of RSV LRTI. DESIGN: A prospective birth cohort study was performed in healthy term neonates. Concentrations of 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25-OHD) in cord blood plasma were related to RSV LRTI in the first year of life, defined as parent-reported LRTI symptoms in a daily log and simultaneous presence of RSV RNA in a nose-throat specimen. RESULTS: The study population included 156 neonates. Eighteen (12%) developed RSV LRTI. The mean plasma 25-OHD concentration was 82 nmol/L. Overall, 27% of neonates had 25-OHD concentrations <50 nmol/L, 27% had 50-74 nmol/L and only 46% had 25-OHD 75 nmol/L. Cord blood 25-OHD concentrations were strongly associated with maternal vitamin D3 supplementation during pregnancy. Concentrations of 25-OHD were lower in neonates who subsequently developed RSV LRTI compared with those who did not (65 nmol/L versus 84 nmol/L, P = .009). Neonates born with 25-OHD concentrations <50 nmol/L had a sixfold (95% confidence interval: 1.6-24.9; P = .01) increased risk of RSV LRTI in the first year of life compared with those with 25-OHD concentrations ≥75 nmol/L. CONCLUSIONS: Vitamin D deficiency in healthy neonates is associated with increased risk of RSV LRTI in the first year of life. Intensified routine vitamin D supplementation during pregnancy may be a useful strategy to prevent RSV LRTI during infancy.
Online reporting in Portugal: XBRL and other new financial reporting languages among the PSI20 index' of Portuguese companies

This paper focuses on a new way of financial reporting which is able to answer to market dynamics and the economic process of internationalization within the context of high technology. Recent online reporting has revealed its power to respond to organizational needs, exceeding some particular limitations present in traditional reporting. A theoretical framework for online reporting is presented. This approach leads to the development of new technologies, in particular computer languages and their contribution to company activity. XBRL (eXtensible Business Reporting Language) will also be addressed in this paper as the future of financial reporting. For a more precise interpretation we will present some studies that prove the rapid growth of online reporting practices in the organizational universe. Finally, an empirical study about the reality of Portuguese organization practices listed on PSI20 index is presented.
Effect of pre‐operative methylprednisolone on orthostatic hypotension during early mobilization after total hip arthroplasty

Orthostatic hypotension (OH) and intolerance (OI) are common after total hip arthroplasty (THA) and may delay early mobilization. The pathology of OH and OI includes a dysregulated post‐operative vasopressor response, by a hitherto unknown mechanism. We hypothesized that OI could be related to the inflammatory stress response which is inhibited by steroid administration. Consequently, this study evaluated the effect of a pre‐operative high‐dose methylprednisolone on OH and OI early after THA.
Regularized parametric system identification: a decision-theoretic formulation

Parametric prediction error methods constitute a classical approach to the identification of linear dynamic systems with excellent large-sample properties. A more recent regularized approach, inspired by machine learning and Bayesian methods, has also gained attention. Methods based on this approach estimate the system impulse response with excellent small-sample properties. In several applications, however, it is desirable to obtain a compact representation of the system in the form of a parametric model. By viewing the identification of such models as a decision, we develop a decision-theoretic formulation of the parametric system identification problem that bridges the gap between the classical and regularized approaches above. Using the output-error model class as an illustration, we show that this decision-theoretic approach leads to a regularized method that is robust to small sample-sizes as well as overparameterization.
Tag-Group Based User Profiling for Personalized Search in Folksonomies

With the development of the Internet, there are more and more shared resources on the Web. Personalized search becomes increasingly important as users demand higher retrieval quality. Personalized search needs to take users’ personalized profiles and information needs into consideration. Collaborative tagging (also known as folksonomy) systems allow users to annotate resources with their own tags (features) and thus provide a powerful way for organizing, retrieving and sharing different types of social resources. To capture and understand user preferences, a user is typically modeled as a vector of tag:value pairs (i.e., a tag-based user profile) in collaborative tagging systems. In such a tag-based user profile, a user’s preference degree on a group of tags (i.e., a combination of several tags) mainly depends on the preference degree on every individual tag in the group. However, the preference degree on a combination of tags (a tag-group) cannot simply be obtained from linearly combining the preference on each tag. The combination of a user’s two favorite tags may not be favorite for the user. In this article, we examine the limitations of previous tag-based personalized search. To overcome their problems, we model a user profile based on combinations of tags (tag-groups) and then apply it to the personalized search. By comparing it with the state-of-the-art methods, experimental results on a real data set shows the effectiveness of our proposed user profile method. key words: personalized search, user profiling, folksonomy, tag-group effect
Distributed MIMO for Cellular Networks with Multihop Transmission Protocols

We consider the downlink in a MIMO cellular network utilizing two-hop transmission protocols with fixed infrastructure relay stations to enhance coverage and data rates in a cell. We investigate the potential of relaying protocols in the case when a mobile station is in the communication range of two relays but not in the range of the base station. Since the relays are mounted at fixed positions we assume that the base station has knowledge about the channels to the relays which enables spatial preceding of the transmit data. We show that in the first hop the use of MIMO broadcast coding techniques, where the base station transmits only a subset of the data which is intended for the mobile station to each relay, has a superior performance compared to a MIMO multicast, where the whole data is transmitted to both relays.
Differential Role of N-Type Calcium Channel Splice Isoforms in Pain

N-type calcium channels are essential mediators of spinal nociceptive transmission. The core subunit of the N-type channel is encoded by a single gene, and multiple N-type channel isoforms can be generated by alternate splicing. In particular, cell-specific inclusion of an alternatively spliced exon 37a generates a novel form of the N-type channel that is highly enriched in nociceptive neurons and, as we show here, downregulated in a neuropathic pain model. Splice isoform-specific small interfering RNA silencing in vivo reveals that channels containing exon 37a are specifically required for mediating basal thermal nociception and for developing thermal and mechanical hyperalgesia during inflammatory and neuropathic pain. In contrast, both N-type channel isoforms (e37a- and e37b-containing) contribute to tactile neuropathic allodynia. Hence, exon 37a acts as a molecular switch that tailors the channels toward specific roles in pain.
Syntax and the Brain: Disentangling Grammar by Selective Anomalies

Many paradigms employed so far with functional imaging in language studies do not allow a clear differentiation of the semantic, morphological, and syntactic components, as traditionally defined within linguistic theory. In fact, many studies simply consider the brain's response to lists of unrelated words, rather than to syntactic structures, or do not neutralize the confounding effect of the semantic component. In the present PET experiment, we isolated the functional correlates of morphological and syntactic processing. The neutralization of the access to the lexical-semantic component was achieved by requiring the detection of anomalies in written sentences consisting of pseudowords. In both syntactic and morphosyntactic processing, the involvement of a selective deep component of Broca's area and of a right inferior frontal region was detected. In addition, within this system, the left caudate nucleus and insula were activated only during syntactic processing, indicating their role in syntactic computation. These findings provide original in vivo evidence that these brain structures, whose individual contribution has been highlighted by clinical studies, constitute a neural network selectively engaged in morphological and syntactic computation.
LINUS: A hierarchic procedure to predict the fold of a protein

We describe LINUS, a hierarchic procedure to predict the fold of a protein from its amino acid sequence alone. The algorithm, which has been implemented in a computer program, was applied to large, overlapping fragments from a diverse test set of 7 X‐ray‐elucidated proteins, with encouraging results. For all proteins but one, the overall fragment topology is well predicted, including both secondary and supersecondary structure. The algorithm was also applied to a molecule of unknown conformation, groES, inwhich X‐ray structure determination is presently ongoing. LINUS is an acronym for Local Independently Nucleated Units of Structure. The procedure ascends the folding hierarchy in discrete stages, with concomitant accretion of structure at each step. The chain is represented by simplified geometry and folds under the influence of a primitive energy function. The only accurately described energetic quantity in this work is hard sphere repulsion–the principal forceinvolved in organizing protein conformation [Richards, F. M. Ann. Rev. Biophys. Bioeng. 6:151–176, 1977]. Among other applications, the method is a natural tool for use in the human genome initiative. © 1995 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Fin width influence on analog performance of SOI and bulk FINFETs

This paper presents an experimental comparison of the analog performance between a triple-gate FinFET fabricated on Bulk (BFF) and on Silicon-On-Insulator - SOI (SFF) substrates. This comparison was performed based on the drain current, subthreshold swing, transconductance, output conductance and finally the intrinsic voltage gain. For narrow fin width, the SFF presents better performance than BFF, while for wider fins, the BFF showed to be more optimized than SFF, due to the existence of a parasitic back transistor in the SOI device.
Herpes Zoster Ophthalmicus: Report of Cases and a Review of the Literature.

Herpes zoster ophthalmicus presents an interesting problem. Although the disease was known to physicians of antiquity, their ideas concerning the affection were obscure. They described, in considerable detail, the characteristics of the disease, but their interpretations were brief. To the Greeks, the disease was known as zoster, and Pliny, a Roman, is said to have been the first to apply to the eruption the denomination of zona. From these ancient times to the early nineteenth century, the literature on the subject is scant. Mehlis, in 1818, suggested that the eruption followed the distribution of nerves, and Parrot, in 1856, noted that the eruption, like pain, developed along the course of branches of nerves most frequently superficial, and that it was here that the neuralgias ordinarily manifested themselves. This was proved in 1861 by von Barensprung. Hutchinson, in 1866, and Bowman, in 1867, were the first to describe herpes zoster ophthalmicus in detail, and each reported several cases. An enormous amount of work has been done in recent years in the investigation of the pathology and treatment, and upon various manifestations of zoster and other herpetic diseases. Although the affection is comparatively rare, the literature on this subject is large, a great many cases having been reported. In degree of frequency, herpes zoster has been noted to occur in the proportion of 1 to 2 per cent. of all skin diseases.
Oxidative Stress and Motor Neurone Disease

The effects of oxidative stress within post mitotic cells such as neurones may be cumulative, and injury by free radical species is a major potential cause of the age‐related deterioration in neuronal function seen in several neurodegenerative diseases. There is strong evidence that oxidative stress plays an important role in the pathogenesis of motor neurone disease (MND). Point mutations in the antioxidant enzyme Cu, Zn superoxide dismutase (SOD1) are found in some pedigrees with the familial form of MND. How mutations in this ubiquitous enzyme cause the relatively selective cell death of specific groups of motor neurones is not clear, although a number of hypotheses have been forwarded. These include (1) the formation of hydroxyl radicals, (2) the catalysis of reactions of the nitrogen centred oxidant species peroxynitrite, (3) toxicity of copper or zinc and (4) protein aggregation. Some experimental support for these different hypotheses has been produced by manipulating cells in culture to express the mutant SOD1 proteins and by generating transgenic mice which over‐express mutant SOD1. Observations in these model systems are, in some cases at least, supported by observations made on pathological material from patients with similar SOD1 mutations. Furthermore, there are reports of evidence of free radical mediated damage to neurones in the sporadic form of MND. Several lines of evidence suggest that alterations in the glutamatergic neurotransmitter system may also play a key role in the injury to motor neurones in sporadic MND. There are several important subcellular targets, which may be preferentially impaired within motor neurones, including neurofilament proteins and mitochondria. Future research will need to identify the aspects of the molecular and physiological phenotype of human motor neurones that makes them susceptible to degeneration in MND, and to identify those genetic and environmental factors which combine to cause this disease in individuals and in familial pedigrees.
Pattern-Based Detection and Utilization of Potential Parallelism in Software Systems

Due to the paradigm shift from single-core to multi-core pro- cessors within the last ten years, software engineers not only need to have technical and domain-specific knowledge to add new features and solve any bugs. They also need to have knowledge about concurrency issues, e.g., to meet performance requirements. Since introducing concurrency in existing software systems is often error- prone and difficult, we propose a semi-automatic, pattern-based approach to support the software engineer in the parallelization process and related concurrency tasks. We propose the use of patterns for both the detection of code regions with high potential of parallelism and for the corresponding parallel version utilizing information gathered by static and dynamic analysis. Besides describing the approach itself, we focus on our goals and research questions, and illustrate ideas on how to conduct a meaningful evaluation.
Identification and characterization of a transmissible linear plasmid from Rhodococcus erythropolis BD2 that encodes isopropylbenzene and trichloroethene catabolism

Rhodococcus erythropolis BD2, which is able to utilize isopropylbenzene as a sole carbon and energy source, was shown to contain a conjugative linear plasmid, pBD2. The estimated size of pBD2 is 208 to 212 kb. Linear plasmid-deficient strains had lost both the isopropylbenzene degradation and trichloroethene degradation characteristics, as well as the arsenite resistance and mercury resistance phenotypes. Reintroduction of pBD2 restored all four characteristics. Conjugational transfer of pBD2 to a plasmidless mutant of strain BD2 and other R. erythropolis strains occurred at frequencies between 3.5 x 10(-5) and 2.6 x 10(-3) transconjugants per recipient. R. erythropolis BD2 degrades isopropylbenzene via 3-isopropylcatechol and 2-hydroxy-6-oxo-7-methylocta-2,4-dienoate. Both isopropylbenzene-oxidizing and meta-cleavage activities were shown to correspond with the presence of pBD2. Southern hybridizations with DNA encoding the toluene dioxygenase structural genes (todC1C2BA) from Pseudomonas putida F1 revealed homology to linear plasmid DNA. These results indicate that the isopropylbenzene degradation pathway encoded by linear plasmid pBD2 is initiated by an isopropylbenzene dioxygenase analogous to toluene dioxygenase.
Movement of the Iron-Sulfur Subunit beyond the efLoop of Cytochrome b Is Required for Multiple Turnovers of the bc 1 Complex but Not for Single Turnover Qo Site Catalysis*

Recent kinetics experiments using mutants of thebc 1 complex (ubihydroquinone-cytochromec oxidoreductase) iron-sulfur subunit with modified hinge regions have revealed the crucial role played by the large scale movement of its [2Fe-2S] cluster domain during the activity of this enzyme. In particular, one of these mutants (+1Ala) with an insertion of one alanine residue in the hinge region is partially deficient in performing this movement. We found that this defect can be overcome by the appearance of a second mutation substituting the leucine at position 286 in the ef loop of cytochromeb with a phenylalanine. Detailed studies of these mutants and their derivatives revealed that the ef loop acts as a barrier that needs to be crossed for multiple turnovers of the enzyme but not for a single turnover ubihydroquinone oxidation site catalysis. These findings indicate that the movement of the iron-sulfur subunit is composed of two discrete parts: a “micro-movement” at the cytochrome b interface, during which the [2Fe-2S] cluster interacts with ubihydroquinone oxidation site occupants and catalyzes ubihydroquinone oxidation, and a “macro-movement,” during which the cluster domain swings away from cytochrome binterface, crosses the ef loop, and reaches a position close to cytochrome c 1 heme, to which it ultimately transfers an electron.
Coal Segregation Control for Meeting Homogeneity Standards

In earlier works [1], [3], [4], [5] procedures were developed to control coal segregation to meet ash targets over large coal batches (e. g., a unit train of coal) while realizing high yields and economic savings. We have extended this work to address the issue of homogeneity control. The control objective is identical as before except that quality targets are required to be met over much smaller batch sizes. Two approaches are developed. The first approach assumes that quality variations are a manifestation of a locally stationary Gaussian process. Time-series-based approaches from the earlier work are used to forecast future quality levels as a function of time. Given this information, a chance-constrained mathematical programming formulation is used for making coal segregation decisions, where yield is maximized subject to a predefined limit on the risk of violating the quality target for the batch. An efficient solution procedure has been developed suitable for real time execution in segregation control. The second approach is simpler and is based on the principle of compensation. Here the “slack” amount of ash that may be added to the current batch without violating the target quality specification is continuously monitored. The measured ash values are compared to a threshold level based on the available slack and a simple statistical characterization of the quality variation process. Both approaches have been implemented in software and preliminary tests suggest that the second approach performs better than the first one, whereas both outperform the approach of earlier work.
Pharmacotherapy of postpartum depression: current practice and future directions

Postpartum depression has well-documented consequences for the mother, child, family and society as a whole. Despite an increasing awareness of postpartum depression, it often remains unrecognised by clinicians and poorly understood by researchers. The current trend is undoubtedly a result of the complex nature of depressive disorders accentuated by difficulties with the current classification schemas. Systematic prospective data on the onset of depression during pregnancy and the postpartum period, as well as on the risk of relapse during these periods in women with previous histories of mood and anxiety disorders, are limited. This article reviews clinically relevant outcomes and current trends in the pharmacotherapy of postpartum depression from selected clinical trials. Critical issues of the neurobiology and phenomenology of postpartum depression are raised, and future directions of the pharmacological treatments of postpartum depression are examined.
Appraisals of Salient Visual Elements in Web Page Design

Visual elements in user interfaces elicit emotions in users and are, therefore, essential to users interacting with different software. Although there is research on the relationship between emotional experience and visual user interface design, the focus has been on the overall visual impression and not on visual elements. Additionally, often in a software development process, programming and general usability guidelines are considered as the most important parts of the process. Therefore, knowledge of programmers’ appraisals of visual elements can be utilized to understand the web page designs we interact with. In this study, appraisal theory of emotion is utilized to elaborate the relationship of emotional experience and visual elements from programmers’ perspective. Participants N=50 used 3E-templates to express their visual and emotional experiences of web page designs. Content analysis of textual data illustrates how emotional experiences are elicited by salient visual elements. Eight hierarchical visual element categories were found and connected to various emotions, such as frustration, boredom, and calmness, via relational emotion themes. The emotional emphasis was on centered, symmetrical, and balanced composition, which was experienced as pleasant and calming. The results benefit user-centered visual interface design and researchers of visual aesthetics in human-computer interaction.