Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Seismic and gravity surveys of Naval Petroleum Reserve No. 4 and adjoining areas, Alaska, Exploration of Naval petroleum reserve No. 4 and adjacent areas, northern Alaska, 1944-53

________________________________ ntroduction _____________________________ >perations_ ______________________________ Instruments. _--------_-______________ Gravity instruments ______________ Seismic instruments. ______________ Equipment__ _ ______________________ Gravity surveys __________________ Seismic surveys___________________ reophysical problems and experimental work. Effect of permafrost_________________ Poulter method of air shooting _________ Water seismic work ___________________ Multiple-geophone experiments. _ __-__-_ Correlation __________________________ Gravity surveys__________________________ Gravity and magnetic results----. -. -. -eismic surveys_________________________ Techniques and procedures___-__-. ___ Velocity determinations _______________ Test-well velocity determinations ___ Page
Importance of snow to global precipitation

Precipitation controls the availability of drinking water and viability of the land to support agriculture. Failure to accurately predict the location, magnitude, and frequency of precipitation impacts not only numerical weather forecasting but also climate modeling. It has been proposed that most rainfall events originate from ice that has melted to form rain. Here we use remote sensing from spaceborne cloud radar to quantify that idea. A new metric is constructed to quantify the fraction of rain events at the surface that are linked to snow melting at a higher altitude. CloudSat is used to show the global variation of the importance of snow in the precipitation process. In the tropics, subtropics, midlatitude and polar regions 0.3, 0.4, 0.8, and >0.9, respectively, of all precipitation events (>1 mm/d) are linked to the production of snow in clouds.
Customized Knowledge Discovery in Databases methodology for the Control of Assembly Systems

The advent of Industry 4.0 has brought to extremely powerful data collection possibilities. Despite this, the potential contained in databases is often partially exploited, especially focusing on the manufacturing field. There are several root causes of this paradox, but the crucial one is the absence of a well-established and standardized Industrial Big Data Analytics procedure, in particular for the application within the assembly systems. This work aims to develop a customized Knowledge Discovery in Databases (KDD) procedure for its application within the assembly department of Bosch VHIT S.p.A. , active in the automotive industry. The work is focused on the data mining phase of the KDD process, where ARIMA method is used. Various applications to different lines of the assembly systems show the effectiveness of the customized KDD for the exploitation of production databases for the company, and for the spread of such a methodology to other companies too.
Visual Comfort Evaluation in Residential Buildings: a Simulation-Based Study

— Despite desirability of direct sunlight access in residential buildings, visual discomfort risks for these building types are less known. A simulation-based study was performed on a typical residential building with heritage value in central Copenhagen in order to evaluate its visual comfort characteristics using existing methods. Our results show that, although high relative contrast exist for view-directions not only towards window, these situations are not captured by the existing methods. A new method for quantification of a relative contrast over the 360 ° span of the space was thus introduced.
Complex photonics: Dynamics and applications of delay-coupled semiconductors lasers

Furthermore, we acknowledge the following organizations and projects: Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovacion, Comunitat Autonoma de les Illes Balears and FEDER (Spain) under Contracts No. TEC2009-14101 (DeCoDicA), No. TEC2012-36335 (TRIPHOP), No. FIS2009-13360, No. FIS2007-60327 (FISICOS), and No. FIS2012-30634 (Intense@cosyp), Grups Competitius, the European Commission for EC FP7 Project PHOCUS under Grant No. 240763, and Institucio Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avancats (ICREA) under its Academia program.
A NOVEL IMAGE PROCESSING TECHNIQUE TO EXTRACT FACIAL EXPRESSIONS FROM MOUTH REGIONS

Emotion recognition is the process of identifying a human emotion, most typically from facial expressions. Different types of facial expressions are Joy, Sadness, Fear, Disgust, Surprise, and Anger. In this paper, an image processing technique to recognize various facial expressions from mouth regions is proposed. The mouth regions are initially located by means of Viola-Jones algorithm and cropped. Then Region Based Segmentation is applied to segment the mouth region. Morphological area filling and boundary extraction methods are applied to extract the boundary of the mouth region. Since morphological operations are used the shape and size features are retained. Then the area of the mouth region is calculated from the number of white pixels extracted and the range of values for each emotion is identified. The proposed technique is executed on various emotional images (natural, joy, angry, surprise) of two different persons. The results are analyzed and their performances are evaluated.
Podstawowe parametry oceny angiogenezy w złośliwych guzach germinalnych o lokalizacji pozaczaszkowej u dzieci

Wstęp. Angiogeneza nowo tworowa stanowi przedmiot zainte resowania onkologów, ponieważ jest jedną z cech biologicznej złośliwości nowotworów oraz nieodzownym warunkiem ich progresji. Liczne badania dotyczące nowotworów u dorosłych i dzieci wykazują związek angiogenezy z klinicznymi i patologicznymi cechami złośliwości nowotworów, a także znaczenie stopnia angiogenezy jako czynnika rokowniczego. Złośliwe guzy germinalne stanowią rzadko spotykaną grupę nowotworów złośliwych u dzieci, charakteryzującą się dużym zróżnicowaniem histologicznym i różnorodnym obrazem klinicznym. W dostępnym piśmiennictwie brak doniesień na temat angiogenezy w złośliwych guzach germinalnych u dzieci. C e l p r a c y. Celem pracy była ocena stopnia angiogenezy w złośliwych guzach germinalnych u dzieci na podstawie średniej gęstości naczyń (MVD – microvessel density) i ekspresji VEGF (czynnik wzrostu śródbłonka naczyń) oraz poszukiwanie związków pomiędzy badanymi parametrami a podstawowymi cechami klinicznymi i morfologicznymi nowotworu. M a t e r i a ł i m e t o d y. Do badania zakwalifikowano 47 pacjentów (29 dziewczynek i 18 chłopców) leczonych w latach 1994-2004 w 9 ośrodkach klinicznych, współpracujących w ramach Polskiej Pediatrycznej Grupy ds. Leczenia Guzów Litych. Badane parametry oznaczano w materiale tkankowym guza przy użyciu metod immunohistochemicznych. Dla oceny ekspresji VEGF zastosowano poliklonalne przeciwciało przeciw VEGF, do wyznakowania naczyń użyto monoklonalne przeciwciało przeciw antygenowi CD34. Przy obliczaniu średniej gęstości naczyń w skrawkach (MVD) posłużono się metodą opracowaną przez Weidnera. Ekspresję VEGF wyrażano za pomocą odsetka komórek immunoreaktywnych w badanych skrawkach. W y n i k i. Średnia gęstość naczyniowa wynosiła 45,9±20,6 naczyń w polu widzenia (0,78 mm2). Zakres wartości MVD mieścił się w przedziale 6,8-81,0. Statystycznie znamienne różnice wykazano w grupach różniących się wiekiem – wartości wyższe obserwowano w grupie dzieci młodszych (poniżej 3 lat). Znamiennie wyższą gęstość naczyń stwierdzano w guzach zlokalizowanych w jądrze w porównaniu do guzów jajnika. U wszystkich chorych badanej grupy stwierdzano ekspresję VEGF wynoszącą 40-90% komórek immunoreaktywnych. Stwierdzono znamiennie wyższy stopień ekspresji VEGF u pacjentów z przerzutami w porównaniu do grupy dzieci z ZGG bez przerzutów. Wykazano dodatnią zależność pomiędzy badanymi parametrami: gęstością naczy niową i ekspresją VEGF. W n i o s k i. Stopień angiogenezy koreluje z niektórymi cechami klinicznymi złośliwych guzów germinalnych u dzieci.
DYNAMIC WEIGHT PARAMETER FOR THE RANDOM EARLY DETECTION (RED)IN TCP NETWORKS

This paper presents the Weighted Random Early Detection (WTRED) strategy for congestion handling in TCP networks. WTRED provides an adjustable weight parameter to increase the sensitivity of the average queue size in RED gateways to the changes in the actual queue size. This modification, over the original RED proposal, helps gateways minimize the mismatch between average and actual queue sizes in router buffers. WTRED is compared with RED and FRED strategies using the NS-2 simulator. The results suggest that WTRED outperforms RED and FRED. Network performance has been measured using throughput, link utilization, packet loss and delay.
Nutrient and Bioactive Composition of Five Gabonese Forest Fruits and Their Potential Contribution to Dietary Reference Intakes of Children Aged 1–3 Years and Women Aged 19–60 Years

Widely consumed forest fruits in Gabon were analysed for nutrient and bioactive compositions and their potential contributions to meeting the nutrient requirements of consumers. Edible pulps of Panda oleosa Pierre, Gambeya lacourtiana (De Wild.) Aubrév. & Pellegr. and Poga oleosa Pierre contained substantial amounts of bioactive compounds; flavonoids (13.5–22.8 mg/100 g), proanthocyanins (2.4–7.6 mg/100 g), polyphenols (49.6–77.3 mg/100 g) and vitamin C (6.7–97.7 mg/100 g). The highest content of β-carotene (76.6 µg/100 g) was registered in fruits of Pseudospondias longifolia Engl. The fruits of P. oleosa had the highest essential minerals Fe, Zn and Se. If a child aged 1 to 3 years consumed about 200 g or if a non-lactating and non-pregnant woman consumed 300 g of Panda oleosa, Afrostyrax lepidophyllus Mildbr. , G. lacourtiana, P. longifolia and Poga oleosa, they could obtain substantial DRI ranging between 20–100% for energy, vitamins C and E, iron, magnesium, iron and zinc. Forest fruits can considerably contribute towards the human nutrient requirements. Based on the results of this study, forest foods should be considered in formulating policies governing food and nutrition security in Gabon.
Sex differences in limb and joint stiffnes in recreational

Purpose. Female runners are known to be at greater risk from chronic running injuries than age-matched males, although the exact mechanisms are often poorly understood. The aim of the current investigation was to determine if female recreational runners exhibit distinct limb and joint stiffness characteristics in relation to their male counterparts. Methods. Fourteen male and fourteen female runners ran over a force platform at 4.0 m · s. Lower limb kinematics were collected using an eight-camera optoelectric motion capture system operating at 250 Hz. Measures of limb and joint stiffness were calculated as a function of limb length and joint moments divided by the extent of limb and joint excursion. All stiffness and joint moment parameters were normalized to body mass. Sex differences in normalized limb and knee and ankle joint stiffness were examined statistically using independent samples t tests. Results. The results indicate that normalized limb (male = 0.18 ± 0.07, female = 0.37 ± 0.10 kN · kg · m) and knee stiffness (male = 5.59 ± 2.02, female = 7.34 ± 1.78 Nm · kg · rad) were significantly greater in female runners. Conclusions. On the basis that normalized knee and limb stiffness were shown to be significantly greater in female runners, the findings from the current investigation may provide further insight into the aetiology of the distinct injury patterns observed between sexes.
Analysis of the Correlation between Morphology and Kinematics of Anteriorly Displaced TMJ Discs Using Cine-MRI and ARCUSdigma Systems

Studies of mandibular movement trajectories have provided a good understanding of the motion of the condyle but little information on the geometric relationships of the disc because they have not related the movements to anatomic structures. This study investigated the morphology and kinematic characteristics of the Temporomandibular Joint (TMJ) using Cine-MRI and ARCUSdigma systems. For this study population, preliminary clinical diagnoses were asymptomatic in 15 cases, unilateral anterior disc displacement with reduction (ADDWR) in 17 cases, and unilateral Anterior Disc Displacement Without Reduction (ADDWoR) in 14 cases. Patients were investigated with Cine-MRI and ARCUSdigma systems during physiological opening and closing of the mouth. In these groups, there were 13 healthy subjects, 19 patients with unilateral ADDWR and 14 patients with unilateral ADDWoR classified by Cine-MRI. (1) To assess morphology by MRI, disc deformities were evaluated as follows: biplanar, rounded, thickening in the posterior band, lengthened and folded. (2) The opening trajectory for healthy subjects was close to the closing trajectory. Conversely, the incisal and condylar trajectories during opening and closing were obviously bounced, deviated or shortened in the ADDWR and ADDWoR groups. The pathway of the kinematic axis was not parallel, and the condylar trajectory had an inflexion. (3) The mean values of the incisal and condylar paths of the ADDWoR group were significantly different from those in the healthy group (P<0.05), whereas there were no significant differences between the ADDWR and the healthy group (P>0.05). This study combined analysis of the condylar pathways and disc-condylar relationship to provide good visualization of morphology and kinematics during jaw movement. This process helps improve our understanding of the complexity of disk-condylar movements in subjects with TMJ internal derangement and may also contribute to our knowledge of the etiology of TMJ internal derangement.
On the Acceptability of the Ambient Tax Mechanism: An Experimental Investigation

Our objective in this paper is to assess the acceptability of the ambient tax. Concretely, we ask subjects to choose between (A) an ambient tax and (B) an individual tax system. In case (A), they actually participate in a game in which their payoff depends on all participants' decisions and on natural variability as would be the case in the real world if an ambient tax was implemented. In case (B) they simply earn a sure payoff, which is supposed to reflect their maximal profit under the individual tax system. We take the percentage of agents preferring the ambient tax to a given sure payoff level as an indicator of the acceptability of the ambient tax given this sure payoff level. Our experimental results mitigate the common belief that ambient taxes are totally unacceptable. If the "sure" alternative to the ambient tax policy is very costly for the polluters, for example because it involves high inspection costs, polluters might eventually prefer being liable to an ambient tax.
Seasonal extension of the soldier instar as a route to increased defence investment in the social aphid Pemphigus spyrothecae

Abstract. 1. The possibility that the duration of the soldier instar could be extended over the course of the galling season was examined in Pemphigus spyrothecae Passerini (Hemiptera: Aphididae). In this species, the individuals of one morph of the dimorphic first instar are non‐sterile specialised defenders known as soldiers.
New analysis software for Viking Lander meteorological data

Abstract. We have developed a set of tools that enable us to process Viking Lander meteorological data beyond what has been previously publicly available. Besides providing data for new periods of time, the existing data periods have been augmented by enhancing the data resolution significantly. This was accomplished by first transferring the original Prime computer version of the data analysis software to a standard Linux platform, and then by modifying the software to be able to process the data despite irregularities in the original raw data and reverse engineering various parameter files. In addition to this, the processing pipeline has been streamlined, making processing the data faster and easier. As a case example of new data, freshly processed Viking Lander 1 and 2 temperature records are described and briefly analyzed in ways that have not been previously possible due to the lack of data.
Electronic HRM: From Implementation to Value Creation

The paper presents results of the quantitative study into enablers and value creation of e-HRM systems. The findings supported by the analysis of 210 questionnaires, have revealed that the most significant enabler of e-HRM implementation is HRM system strength, while characteristics of the IT functionality also played an important role. The main result of the e-HRM usage was observed as effectiveness of HR administerative processes, but not Re-structuring of the HR function as usually expected from the introduction of e-HRM in organizations.
Small cell neuroendocrine carcinoma of uterine cervix with expressions of KIT, PDGFRA and bcl-2 and with long survival

Primary small cell neuroendocrine carcinoma (SNEC) of uterine cervix is very rare; about 30 cases have been reported in literature. However, there have been no studies of KIT, PDGFRA, and bcl-2 in SNET of cervix. A 91-year-old woman presented vaginal bleeding which subsided by hemostatic drugs and balloon catheterization. Colposcopy showed a small tumor (6 mm) cervix and biopsy showed necrotic tissue and small atypical cells. They showed epithelioid features, small size, increased nucleo-cytoplasmic ratio, hyperchomatic nuclei, molded nuclei, scant cytoplasm, and absent nucleoli, thus fulfilling the criteria of SNEC of WHO. Immunohistochemically, tumor cells were positive for cytokeratin (CK) CAM5.2, CK AE1/3, CK7, CK8, CK18, CK19, NSE, synaptophysin, NCAM, KIT, PDGFRA, bcl-2, p53, and Ki-67 (labeling index = 100%). The tumor cells were negative for CK5, CK6, CK34BE12, CK14, CK20, EMA, chromogranin, CD45, CD138, CD20, CD3, CD99 (MIC-2), vimentin, S100 protein, α-smooth muscle actin, desmin, and myoglobin. Since neuroendocrine antigens (NSE, NCAM, synaptophysin, KIT and PDGFRA) were positive, a diagnosis of primary SNEC of cervix was made. Post-biopsy whole body studies revealed no other tumors. The patient rejected medical, surgical interventions because of very old age. She was followed-up, a mass of 5 cm was found in pelvic cavity. The patient is now alive 8 years after the diagnosis. The present case is the first of primary SNEC of cervix demonstrating positive KIT, PDGFRA, and bcl-2 proteins in a very old woman. The tumor was positive for many stem cells antigens, suggesting that the SNEC is a stem cell malignancy.
Hydrogen-dependent denitrification: preliminary assessment of two bio-electrochemical systems

An autotrophic biological process for the treatment of nitrate-contaminated drinking water was studied in the laboratory, with the objective of developing a continuous system which would be simple, stable and amenable to upscaling. Hydrogen generated by electrolysis of the water to be treated was the source of energy for denitrifying microorganisms. Two main process configurations were compared: (1) a single reactor where both the generation of hydrogen and denitrification took place, and (2) a two-reactor system where water was first enriched with hydrogen in an electrolysis cell prior to entering a packed-bed bioreactor. The reactors were operated in a continuous mode and granulated activated carbon served as physical support for the biomass. Although the highest rates of denitrification (0.45 kg N m −3 d −1 ) and the shortest residence times (removal of 18 mg N l −1 in 17 min) were obtained in the single-reactor system, the two-reactor system was more stable and more suitable for upscaling.
Robustness of Complex Networks To Global Perturbations

This thesis studies the robustness of complex dynamical networks with non-trivial topologies against global perturbations, following Robert May’s seminal work on network stability, in order to find critical stability thresholds of global perturbations and to determine if their impact varies across different network topologies. Numerical analysis is used as the primary research method. Dynamical networks are randomly generated in the form of a coefficient matrix of stable linear differential equations. The networks are then inflicted with global perturbation (i.e., addition of another random matrix with varying magnitudes) and their stabilities are tested for each perturbation magnitude, to determine at what scale of global perturbation they are jarred to instability. The results show a monotonic decrease of the instability threshold over increasing link density for all network topologies. For a given link density, Erdos-Renyi random networks show highest robustness against global perturbation, closely followed by Watts-Strogatz small-world networks, and then Barabasi-Albert scale-free networks are least robust among the three topologies tested. Fully connected networks used in May’s original work are found to be consistently unstable in the presence of global perturbation of any magnitude. Implications for sustainability of real-world complex networks are discussed.
Intra-tree models of juvenile wood in Norway spruce as an input to simulation software

Juvenile wood found in the fi rst 5–25 growth rings of a conifer has a structure and properties that differ from mature wood. Juvenile wood is therefore said to infl uence processing and the end-use of sawn products. Consequently, models describing the juvenile wood content, within and between trees, could be useful in improving the utilisation and value of wood as an industrial raw material. The objective of the present study was to develop juvenile wood models, based on Norway spruce trees, which could be used within a model system for conversion simulation studies. Nineteen stands of Norway spruce (Picea abies [L.] Karst.) were selected throughout Sweden. Based on DBH, two small, two medium, and two large diameter timber trees were taken from each stand. DBH varied between 180–470 mm, tree height between 17–34 m, and total age between 51–152 years. Each selected tree was cross-cut into logs; discs were prepared from the large end of each log and from the top end of the top log. Image analysis was used to determine growth ring development on sampled discs. Using tree and growth variables, the juvenile core radius and the logarithmic value of juvenile wood percentage were modelled. The two models had an R2Adj of 0.71 and 0.88 respectively.
On the Radiation Characteristics of Full-Loop, Half-Loop, and Quasi-Half-Loop Bond Wire Antennas

The theory, modeling, measurement, and analysis of the radiation characteristics of bond wire antennas (BWAs) is presented in this paper. We commence with rigorous formulations and derivations of analytical models for calculating the vector potential, radiated electromagnetic fields, and directivity of full-loop BWAs (FL-BWAs), considering nonconstant current distribution along the BWAs. Based on the image theory, we derive an analytical model for calculating the directivity of half-loop BWAs (HL-BWAs) from that of FL-BWAs. Very good correlation is obtained between the directivities calculated analytically using the derived models, and numerically using commercial full-wave solvers, thus validating our analytical approach. We apply the verified models to thoroughly analyze the radiation characteristics of FL-BWAs and HL-BWAs. The radiation characteristics of an HL-BWA are based on the assumption that its reference plane is infinitely large and perfectly conducting. However, for the development of wireless systems, reference planes of finite sizes are required. Therefore, we investigate the impact of realistic planes sizes. Our results reveal that the radiation characteristics of BWAs referred to as “HL-BWAs” in published literature differ significantly from those of true HL-BWAs. Therefore, we introduce the term “quasi-half-loop BWA (QHL-BWA)” to describe BWAs with small reference planes. For experimental verification, QHL-BWAs which operate in the 60 GHz band were fabricated using the wedge–wedge bonding process. Both S-parameter and radiation pattern measurements were performed. Very good correlation was obtained between measurement and simulation results.