Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Impact of Music on Human Brain Activity during Mental Stress

Because music is an integral part of our lives, every step towards a better understanding of its impact on humans is beneficial. This paper deals with the impact of several types of music on the human brain activity during mental stress. An experiment was designed, and electroencephalography data, heart rate data and data from questionnaires were collected, processed and analyzed. All these steps are described and a subset of the large collection of results is presented.
Restrictive dermopathy: Report of two cases

Restrictive dermopathy is a rare entity that is fatal in the neonatal period itself. The rigidity of the skin leads to erosions, contractures, and restriction of respiratory movements. Diagnosis is often made clinically with classical features such as low-set ears, micrognathia, small, and persistently open fixed “o”-shaped mouth, translucent, shiny, rigid skin with prominent superficial blood vessels, and pseudocontractures of limb joints. We report two cases of restrictive dermopathy observed in our center within 2 years period and suggest that this condition may not be as rare as believed.
Metastatic basal cell carcinoma: a review of six cases

Basal cell carcinomas (BCCs) are locally invasive skin neoplasms of cells in the epidermal basal layer. BCC metastasis remains a rare phenomenon, although such an event is associated with high morbidity and mortality. It has been suggested that certain features may be used to predict metastatic spread, including histological subtype, size, and perineural or lymphovascular invasion. We reviewed cases of metastatic BCC seen at Royal North Shore Hospital over a 16 year period. Pathology reports and specimens of both the primaries and metastatic lesions were obtained, and reviewed by an independent pathologist for second opinion on histopathology and confirmation of metastatic BCC. Six cases were found and reviewed (age 60±12, 17% F). Three of the six cases involved primaries located in the head and neck. The most common primary histological subtypes were morpheaform & infiltrative. This was accompanied by perineural and/or lymphovascular invasion in two cases. Three of the cases demonstrated large primaries of greater than 50 mm in diameter. One was found to have squamous differentiation in both the primaries and metastases. The most common site of metastases was the lungs, occurring in three of the cases, whilst other metastatic locations included bone and lymph nodes. We propose that primary BCCs with suspicious clinical/histopathological features be monitored closely, especially those from the head and neck region. We also propose further consideration of immunohistochemical markers as potential metastatic predictors.
Idiopathic endocardial fibroelastosis in a foal with biventricular heart failure

Summary : A six-month-old foal was initially presented with recurrent, progressive respiratory symptoms over a period of three months. During fixation for medical treatment of a suspected bacterial infection of the respiratory tract, the horse developed acute circulatory failure and was referred to an equine clinic. Cardiac auscultation revealed holosystolic murmur centered around the mitral valve, whilst thoracic auscultation and radiography revealed pulmonary edema and a highly enlarged cardiac silhouette. The foal collapsed during echocardiographic examination and was humanely euthanized. At necropsy, the heart was enlarged with severe dilation of all four chambers and the endocardium was markedly thickened and diffusely opacified. Histopathologically, the endocardium was also severely thickened to up to 601µm by a significantly increased amount of collagen fibers and discontinuous and irregularly arranged elastic fibers, consistent with severe endocardial fibroelastosis (EFE). In contrast, five control horses with a median age of six months lacking cardiac alterations had a mean left ventricular endocardial thickness of 29.8±17. 3µm with few, regularly arranged collagen and elastic fibers. Further pathological findings included pulmonary edema and fibrosis, detection of hemosiderin-laden macrophages in the alveoli, vascular and perivascular fibrosis, as well as ascites and were consistent with biventricular heart failure. Idiopathic EFE has very rarely been described in young horses and other animals and its intravital diagnosis is very difficult. However, EFE should be considered as a differential diagnosis in foals with acute or chronic congestive heart failure. As in the present case, therapeutic approaches have to date always been unrewarding in animals and therefore, prognosis is generally considered poor.
Which one is the first choice for rapid ventricular rate atrial fibrillation in emergency department: Metoprolol or Diltiazem? A randomized clinical trial

Amac: Atriyal fibrilasyon (AF), acil hekimleri tarafindan yonetilen en yaygin kardiyak aritmidir. Tedavinin primer hedefleri hemodinamik stabilizasyon, ventrikuler hiz kontrolu ve embolik komplikasyonlarin onlenmesidir. Bu calismanin amaci, acil servise hizli ventrikul yanitli AF ile basvuran hastalarin hiz yanitlarini, ikinci doz ilac gerkesinimlerini ve ekokardiyografik bulgularini incelemektir. Yontemler: Bu prospektif, tek kor, randomize bir calismadir. Hizli ventrikul yanitli AF hastalari randomize edildi ve ilk gruba kalsiyum kanal blokeri olarak intravenoz 0.25 mg / kg diltiazem verildi; ikinci gruba intravenoz 5 mg metoprolol verildi. Her tedaviden sonra 0, 2, 5, 15 ve 30. dakikalardaki hastalarin vital bulgulari ve klinik verileri kaydedildi. Ilk dozlamadan sonra 30. dakikada kalp atis hizi <110 atim / dk olan hastalar ilk tedaviye yanit alinmis olarak kabul edildi. Cevap vermeyenler ayni ilacin ikinci dozunu aldi. Tum hastalara hiz kontrolunden sonra bir kardiyolog tarafindan transtorasik ekokardiyografi yapildi. Bulgular: Hastalarin 50'sine diltiazem, 50'sine metoprolol verildi. 45'inin (% 45) ilk doz cevabi yoktu; 55'inde ilk doz cevabi (% 55) vardi. Diltiazem alan hastalarda ilk doz cevap orani, metoprolol alanlara gore istatistiksel olarak yuksek bulundu. Her iki ilac icin cevap veren / cevapsiz gruplarda gorulen kapak kalp hastaligi oranlari arasinda istatistiksel olarak anlamli fark vardi. Ancak diltiazem, valvuler hastalik varliginda metoprololdan daha basarili bulundu. Sonuc: Calismamizda, acil serviste hizli ventrikul yanitli AF kontrolunde diltiazemin daha etkili oldugunu bulduk. Bu calismada atriyal fibrilasyon hastalarinin cogunun valvuler hastaligi oldugunu ve bu hastalarda diltiazemin metoprololden daha etkili oldugunu gostermistir. Ejeksiyon fraksiyonu, kardiyak caplar ilac yanitinda onemlidir.
Cancer and Tumor Review

Purpose: (1) To investigate the expression of CaSR in papillary thyroid carcinoma, thyroid benign lesion and normal thyroid cells by immunohistochemistry and to analyze the relationship between CaSR and papillary thyroid carcinoma. (2) To study the difference of the expression of thyroid papillary carcinoma between calcification group and thyroid papillary carcinoma without calcification and the difference of calcification between thyroid papillary carcinoma and benign thyroid lesions and to analyze its significance. (3) To investigate the expression characteristics of CaSR in blood stasis syndrome group and non-blood stasis syndrome group and to analyze the correlation between CaSR and TCM blood gall blood stasis syndrome. Methods: Thirty patients (thyroid papillary carcinoma and 40 cases of thyroid benign tumor) were treated with MaxvisionTM2 / HRP immunohistochemical two-step method to investigate the effect of CaSR on thyroid papillary carcinoma, thyroid benign lesion and normal thyroid tissue. All data were analyzed by SPSS 17.0 using nonparametric test, P <0.05 for the difference was statistically significant. Results: The expression of CaSR in thyroid papillary carcinoma and the positive expression of CaSR in thyroid benign lesion were statistically significant. (3) CaSR in thyroid papillary carcinoma was significantly higher than that in CaSR (P <0.05) and the positive expression of CaSR in the calcification group of thyroid papillary carcinoma was higher than that in benign thyroid calcification group, the difference was statistically significant. (3) The expression of CaSR in thyroid papillary carcinoma was significantly higher than that in thyroid papillary carcinoma. There was a significant difference in the positive expression of CaSR between blood stasis syndrome group and non - blood stasis syndrome group (P <0.05). Conclusion: (1) CaSR in normal thyroid tissue in a small amount or no expression in papillary thyroid carcinoma and thyroid benign lesions in the expression of thyroid papillary carcinoma in the high expression of: (2) CaSR in the thyroid papillary carcinoma of the calcification group (P <0.05) . In conclusion, CaSR may play a key role in the calcification of thyroid papillary carcinoma; (3) CaSR may play an important role in the calcification of thyroid papillary carcinoma. The positive expression of blood stasis syndrome group was higher than that of nonblood stasis syndrome group which indicated that CaSR might be correlated with Chinese medicine gall blood stasis syndrome.
All-fiber probing of aluminized RDX particle micro-explosion

Investigating the thermal decomposition characteristics and mechanisms of nano- and submicron-aluminized 1,3,5-trinitro-1,3,5-triazine (RDX) is essential to optimize the formulations and improve combustion/detonation efficiencies. However, no research has focused on the microscopic scale of a single aluminized RDX particle. We demonstrate an all-fiber probing method for the violent thermal decomposition of a single nano-aluminized micron-RDX particle, which we address as micro-explosion in this paper. We believe studying micro-explosion will be beneficial to the research of thermal decomposition. In experiments, we first characterize the micro-explosion as a three-step process, i.e., melting, first decomposition, and second decomposition. Then, we measure micro-explosion properties, i.e., shockwave-like flow velocity, initiation energy threshold, and shockwave-like flow pressure. Among the aluminized RDX particles with 0%, 5%, 10%, 15%, 20%, 25%, and 30% surface coverage ratios (SCRs), the sample with 20% surface coverage ratio shows the highest flow velocity and force, which are about 69.9 mm/s and 39.4 μN, respectively. Moreover, the threshold decreases with rising surface coverage ratios, and the mean threshold of 30% surface coverage ratio is 75 μJ. The experimental results prove that the all-fiber micro-explosion probing method is feasible, safe, and robust.
Effects of intraoperative epidural anesthesia during hepatectomy on intraoperative and post-operative patient outcomes

Objective: The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of intraoperative epidural anesthesia combined with balanced general anesthesia on intraoperative hemodynamics and fl uid requirement, and on postoperative patient outcome. Design: The study design was a retrospective data analysis of patients undergoing open hepatectomy at a single tertiary care center from May, 2013 to June, 2016. Patients undergoing hepatectomies were separated into two groups: patients not receiving epidural local anesthetic intraoperatively (either no epidural or epidural catheter not used intraoperatively) were designated the control group and patients receiving epidural local anesthetic intraoperatively (bolus and/or continuously). Patients were excluded if they underwent laparoscopic or non-elective procedures. Results: 103 patients were included in the data analysis: Control n=14, Epidural = 89 patients. There were no major differences in demographics between groups. Epidural patients did not have higher requirements in intraoperative intravenous fl uid administration, blood loss, or vasopressor use compared to control patients. Patients who received epidurals required less intravenous opioids with better postoperative pain scores initially and also on post-operative day 2. There were no differences in length of time to ambulation, or post-operative acute kidney injury amongst groups. Conclusions: This study shows that patients undergoing hepatectomies using combined epidural and general anesthesia: 1) have no increased requirement for intraoperative crystalloid, colloid, or blood component therapy, 2) require lower total intravenous opioid dose, and 3) subjectively report better pain control. Therefore, intraoperative epidural anesthesia combined with general anesthesia may be advantageous for ERAS protocol based oncological procedures. Research Article Effects of intraoperative epidural anesthesia during hepatectomy on intraoperative and post-operative patient outcomes Christopher Mallard1, Brad Withers1, Brooke Bauer2, Paul A Sloan3, Sean Dineen4 and Annette Rebel5* 1Anesthesia Resident, University of Kentucky, USA 2Pain Management Fellow, Baylor Scott and White, USA 3Professor, Department of Anesthesiology, University of Kentucky, USA 4Assistant Professor, Department of Surgery, University of Kentucky, USA 5Professor, Department of Anesthesiology, University of Kentucky, USA *Address for Correspondence: Annette Rebel, Professor of Anesthesiology, University of Kentucky, Medical Center, 800 Rose St. Lexington, KY 40536, USA, Email: arebe2@uky.edu Submitted: 2 October 2018 Approved: 12 November 2018 Published: 13 November 2018 Copyright: © 2018 Mallard C, et al. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited
Complicated appendicitis: Risk factors and outcomes of laparoscopic appendectomy – Polish laparoscopic appendectomy results from a multicenter, large-cohort study Pol-LA Polish Laparoscopic Appendectomy

BACKGROUND: Preoperative classification of complicated and uncomplicated appendicitis (AA) is challenging. However, the differences in surgical outcomes necessitate the establishment of risk factors in developing, complicated AA. This study was an analysis of the clinical outcomes of laparoscopic appendectomies (LA), as well as preoperative risk factors for the development of complicated AA. METHODS: The data of 618 patients who underwent LA in 18 surgical units across Poland and Germany were collected in an online web-based database created by the Polish Videosurgery Society. The surgical outcomes of patients with complicated and uncomplicated appendicitis were compared. Uni- and multivariate logistic regression models were used to establish risk factors for the development of complicated appendicitis. RESULTS: In all, 1269 (27.5%) patients underwent LA for complicated appendicitis (Group 1) and 3349 (72.5%) for uncomplicated appendicitis (Group 2). The conversion rate, number of intra-operative adverse events, re-intervention rate, postoperative complications, and readmission rate was greater in Group 1. The preoperative risk factors associated with complicated appendicitis were: female sex (Odds ratio [OR]: 1.58), obesity (OR: 1.51), age >50 years (OR: 1.51), symptoms >48 hours (OR: 2.18), high Alvarado score (OR: 1.29 with every point), and C-reactive protein level >100 mg/L (OR: 3.92). CONCLUSION: Several demographic and clinical risk factors for complicated AA were identified. LA for complicated appendicitis was associated with poorer outcomes.
Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor-A–Induced Chemotaxis of Monocytes Is Attenuated in Patients With Diabetes Mellitus

Background—Vascular endothelial growth factor-A (VEGF-A) acts on endothelial cells and monocytes, 2 cell types that participate in the angiogenic and arteriogenic process in vivo. Thus far, it has not been possible to identify differences in individual responses to VEGF-A stimulation because of the lack of an ex vivo assay. Methods and Results—We report a chemotaxis assay using isolated monocytes from individual diabetic patients and from healthy, age-matched volunteers. The chemotactic response of individual monocyte preparations to VEGF-A, as mediated via Flt-1, was quantitatively assessed using a modified Boyden chamber. Although the migration of monocytes from healthy volunteers could be stimulated with VEGF-A (1 ng/mL) to a median of 148.4% of the control value (25th and 75th percentiles, 136% and 170%), monocytes from diabetic patients could not be stimulated with VEGF-A (median, 91.1% of unstimulated controls; 25th and 75th percentiles, 83% and 98%; P<0.0001). In contrast, the response of monocytes.
A Catheter-Related Bloodstream Infection Caused by the Yeast Kodamaea ohmeri

Catheter-related bloodstream infections caused by Kodamaea ohmeri are generally not considered due to the relative scarcity of reported cases. This is a case of an 85-year-old man with poorly controlled diabetes mellitus who was initially admitted to our hospital for diabetic ketoacidosis. An internal jugular catheter was inserted as part of the initial management. A week later the patient developed a temperature spike and a yeast identified as Kodamaea ohmeri by ID 32 C (bioMerieux, France) was isolated from both his central and peripheral blood cultures. The catheter was removed and the patient was treated with fluconazole despite the organism’s relatively high minimum inhibitory concentration (2 μg/mL) to this antifungal. The fungemia resolved following a 2-weeks course of fluconazole.
CORRELATION OF NON-HIGH-DENSITY LIPOPROTEIN CHOLESTEROL WITH LIPOPROTEIN(A) IN DIABETIC PATIENTS

Objective: The objective of this study is to estimate the level of lipoprotein(a) and lipid profile, especially non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (non-HDL-C) in diabetic patients, and to correlate the same with healthy controls (non-diabetics). Methods: A total of 30 non-diabetic subjects and 30 diabetic patients were included in the study. Lipoprotein(a) (Lp[a]) was estimated by immunoturbidimetry and the other parameters by their respective methods in biochemistry auto-analyzer.Result: From the study, it was found that both Lp(a) and non-HDLC were increased in diabetics when compared to the non-diabetic controls. It was also evident that there is a positive correlation of Lp(a) levels with non-HDL C.Conclusion: Lp(a) and non-HDL C are responsible for atherogenic events in uncontrolled diabetic patients, leading to risks such as coronary artery disease.
A review of current literature on the diagnosis, prophylaxis and treatment of HIV/AIDS

Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) is a spectrum of various diseases associated with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. AIDS is one of the most common infectious illness with 1.8 million of new cases and approximately 36.7 million living with HIV. AIDS becomes a worldwide problem and due to rising number of HIV-positive patients, the appropriate medical care is needed. This article takes into consideration the current information about pathogenesis of HIV infection, clinical and biochemical symptoms, diagnosis, prophylaxis and treatment the disease. Furthermore, the article describes the side effects of the treatment, the methods of their diagnosis and prevalence, and focuses on the psychological problems of HIV-positive people.
The outcomes of heart transplantation: A qualitative study

Background: Heart transplantation has heartened many patients who suffer from end-stage heart diseases. Nonetheless, it is associated with many different outcomes which vary according to the immediate context. Objectives: This study aimed to exploring the outcomes of heart transplantation in a sample of Iranian patients. Methods: This qualitative study was done in 2014–2016 by using Graneheim and Lundman's approach to qualitative content analysis. A purposeful sample of heart recipients was recruited with maximum variation from hospitals of Tehran, Iran. Data were collected by semi-structured interviews. Data collection was continued until the categories were saturated. In total, seventeen interviews were done with fifteen heart recipients. Results: The main theme of the study was “Living under the perfect storm of problems. ” The four main categories of this main theme were financial distress (with the subcategories of the shadow of financial strain on life, the inefficiency of financial support systems, struggle for managing the expenses), living with the consequences (with the subcategories of physical crisis, inability to perform roles, psychological problems), greater commitment to one's own health (with the subcategories of accepting responsibility for health, moving from ignorance to search for information), and tendency to spirituality (with the subcategories of reinforcement of religious beliefs and values, and gratefulness to the donors). Conclusion: During the posttransplantation period, heart recipients encounter difficult conditions, and so, they need to receive stronger support from healthcare organization and authorities. Besides, transplantation-associated financial problems make coping with transplantation more difficult, and hence, appropriate measures are needed to alleviate their financial problems.
ESTUDO PROSPECTIVO DE TRAUMATISMO CRANIOENCEFÁLICO EM 32 CÃES

ABSTRACT. Vianna C.G. & Bahr Arias M.V. [Prospective study of 32 dogs with traumatic brain injury. ] Estudo prospectivo de traumatismo cranioencefalico em 32 caes. Revista Brasileira de Medicina Veterinaria, 35(1):93-99, 2013. Departamento de Clinicas Veterinarias, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Rodovia Celso Garcia Cid, PR 445 Km 380, Campus Universitario, Londrina, PR 86051-990, Brasil. E-mail: vicky@uel.br Traumatic brain injury (TBI) in dogs and cats is a common cause of neurologic dysfunction in the veterinary clinic’s routine. The aim of this study was to access the head trauma cases in dogs treated from 2008 to 2010, focusing on the clinical and neurologic signs. We also evaluated the glucose blood levels immediately after the trauma and in the following days, the presence of concomitant injuries, the efficacy of treatment instituted, the evolution of the case and the utility of the Glasgow Coma Scale Modified (ECGM) on the prognosis of these patients. To accomplish that, 32 dogs with head trauma in several degrees were evaluated. The most common cause of brain injury was being hit by a car and most of affected animals weighted less than 5 kg. The factors as weight, time between the occurrence of trauma and treatment, presence of associated injuries in other systems, medication administered prior to treatment, location of the lesion in the central nervous system, the presence of hyperglycemia in the initial care and use of mannitol did not predict survival of patients. The Modified Glasgow Coma Scale score (MGCS) in the initial care significantly interfered with the patient outcome, because among the group of survivors most come with a good score in the initial care, and in the group of no survivors, half presented serious score in the initial care. However, survival and good final score in ECGM did not meant functional capacity as pets, since many patients had significant neurological sequelae.