Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Analysis of Optic Disc and Vertical Cup Disc Ratio among Glaucoma Suspects in a Black Population

Aim: To analyze the optic discs and vertical cup disc ratio in a black population. Method: This is a retrospective study of glaucoma suspects who presented to the clinic. Medical history was recorded and comprehensive ocular examination done on each of the subjects. Ocular examination included visual acuity, visual field, tonometry and ophthalmoscopy. Instruments used during the research were Pen torch for examination of the external structures of the eyes, Keeler ophthalmoscopes for fundus examination, Snellen’s charts both literate and illiterate charts for visual acuity assessment, Reichert AT 555 Auto non-contact tonometer for measurementof the intra-ocular pressure. The optic discs were analyzed using Optical Coherence Tomography machine. Data was analyzed using the statistical package EPI info version 6.04d, a software package designed by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), USA in 2001. Results: This study included total of 240 optic discs of 120 participants comprising 60 males and 60 females were examined with a mean age of 42.8±13.79; the age range was 19 to 75 years. Very Small discs (<1.0mm) 3 accounted for1.3%, Small discs (1.0-1.3mm) 4 accounted for 1.7%, Medium (1.4-1.7mm) 67 accounted for 27.9%, Large (1.8-2.0mm) 58 accounted for 24.2% while Very Large (>2.0mm) 108 accounted for 45.0% in this study. VCDR was noticed to have increased with increasing disc diameter. Optic disc diameter increased with increasing RNFL thickness as well (p < 0.05; r = 0.18). All the very small as well as the small discs were cupped 3% (n = 7/240), 14.6% (n = 35/240) of the medium to very large are also cupped while the remaining 82.5% ( n = 198/240) are normal. Conclusion: There was no significant correlation between disc diameter and VCDR. There was also a weak positive correlation between the optic disc diameter and the retinal nerve fiber layer thickness of the subjects, such a correlation may be the result of either an increased number of nerve fibers in eyes with larger discs or a smaller distance between the circular scan and the true optic disc margin.
Taking matters into our own hands: influencing factors and concerning factors for libraries that developed Open Source Software

Libraries that develop Open Source library software are influenced by a number of factors. The insights from this group are useful for library staff who are considering adopting Open Source library software. The author surveyed and interviewed staff who developed Scriblio, SOPAC2, VUFind, Blacklight, Koha and Evergreen. She also interviewed librarians who specified the Open Library Environment. The interviews and questionnaires revealed a common attitude to the cost of Open Source Software; similar concerns about speed and process for enhancements to proprietary library software; and similar satisfaction with the control and community that Open Source software has brought to their library operations.
Risk factors for childhood refractory epilepsy in a tertiary care centre, Chennai, India

Background: Intractable epilepsy is the pragmatic problem during the treatment of active epilepsy in children. Several risk factors are associated with incidence of intractable/recurrent epilepsy. The current study was done to identify the risk and prognostic factors associated with recurrent epilepsy (RE). Methods: This descriptive study was conducted on 152 children with idiopathic or symptomatic epilepsy who are on two or more AEDs and who were in follow up in Neurology OPD and inpatients in medical ward at ICH&HC, Chennai. All patients underwent relevant investigations to identify the possible risk factors for incidence of RE in study population. Karyotyping was done for idiopathic cases.Results: Male preponderance was seen in the study (M:F-2:1). Risk factors such as male sex, age onset of seizures, type of seizures, developmental delay, CNS congenital anomalies, h/o perinatal injury, neuroabnormality, abnormal MRI and EEG was found to have statistically significant association with incidence of RE. No significant association was observed for the factors microcephaly, behavioural abnormalities, h/o febrile seizures and h/o status epilepticus with incidence of RE. No chromosomal abnormalities were detected in idiopathic cases.Conclusions: Early identification, risk factor analysis and understanding in the dynamics of the disease helps the physician in initiating the appropriate treatment, thereby avoiding the wrong therapy, low dose therapy and infrequent therapy. Above all identification of the risk factors helps in parental counseling and prepare them for expected outcome.
Is LVQ really good for classification?-an interesting alternative

Learning vector quantization (LVQ), developed by T. Kohonen (1989), is a neural network based method to find a good set of reference vectors to be stored as a nearest neighbor classifier's reference set. An efficient method of finding reference vectors along class boundaries instead of finding vectors representing class distribution, as LQV does, is described. A quantitative comparison with LVQ is given. <<ETX>>
THU0486 PREGABALIN EFFICACY IN THE TREATMENT OF CHRONIC PAIN IN PATIENTS WITH RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS

Background Objectives To study the efficacy of Pregabalin in the treatment of chronic pain in patients with rheumatoid arthritis. Methods We enrolled 80 patients with rheumatoid arthritis. Screening with the DN4 neuropathic pain questionnaire showed that 31% of patients (n=25) had a neuropathic pain component (NPC+), DN4>4 points. Mean age was 57,0 ±7,49 years, disease duration - 9.87 ± 9.5 years, DAS28 disease activity - 5.5 ± 1.3, VAS pain intensity - 73.1 ± 17.4. All patients were randomized into two groups: group I received pregabalin in combination with DMARDs; group II received DMARDs only. All patients underwent a clinical and neurological examination, disease activity was assessed with the DAS28 index, the effect of treatment on neuropathic pain was assessed with the DN4 and Pain DETECT questionnaires, pain intensity at rest – with the VAS scale. Results There were no significant differences between groups before the start of the study (Table 1)Abstract THU0486 –Table 1 Group I Group II Р<0.05 Mean age (years) 58.2±9.15 56.2±6.69 0.6 Disease duration (years) 13.6±11.45 7.07±8.42 0.3 DAS28 5.3±0.6 4.8±1.6 0.4 DN4 (points) 5. ,2±1.1 5.0±0.6 0.7 Pain Detect (points) 17.0±3.2 18.2±2.9 0.4 HADS-Anxiety 6.8±3.2 12.0±4.8 0.7 HADS-Depression 8.4±2.2 8.0±2.6 0.7 VAS, mm 77.0±13.5 75.2±14.7 0.5 Positive dynamics of VAS pain intensity was observed in both groups [Fig. 1] (77.0 ± 13.5 vs 75.2 ± 14.7, at week 2 48.8 ± 14.2 vs 72.9 ± 16.9, at week 5 48.3 ± 34.2 vs 64.5 ± 20.2 p = 0.004). Neuropathic pain indices improved significantly according to the DN4 (5.2 ± 1.1 vs 5.0 ± 0.6, at week 5 2.3 ± 0.6 vs 4.5 ± 0.6) and Pain DETECT questionnaires (17.0 ± 3.2 vs 18.4 ± 2.2, at week 5 7.3 ± 3.06 vs 16.8 ± 3.8). Abstract THU0486 – Figure 1 Dynamics of VAS pain intensity with different treatments However, disease activity did not differ significantly in either group (group I 5.6 ± 0.6 vs 4.8 ± 1.6 p = 0.4; group II 4.9 ± 0.3 vs 5.2 ± 1.2 p = 0.8). Conclusion This preliminary data shows greater effectiveness of Pregabalin in comparison with NSAID and DMARD treatment, both in terms of pain intensity and the neuropathic pain component, which is of practical importance. Disclosure of Interests: Ekaterina Filatova: None declared, Shandor Erdes Consultant for: Development of studies concepts. , Speakers bureau: Educational meetings organized or supported by companies.
The relationship between serum NT-pro BNP and the severity of the COPD exacerbation

Introduction: COPD is a common preventable disease characterized by airflow limitation that is not completely reversible.Acute exacerbation is prominent and serious features of COPD. Acute Exacerbation of COPD leads to hospitalization and concomitant with morbidity and mortality . The ventricular dysfunction increases serum Brain Natriuretic Peptide(BNP) . This study was conducted to evaluate the relationship between serum N-terminal pro b-type natriuretic peptide (NT-pro BNP) level and the severity of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) exacerbation. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study was performed among 140 patients with COPD exacerbation referred to Imam Reza Hospital affiliated to Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran from March 2016 to December 2017 . The patients were asked about the number of exacerbations over the past year including the recent attack. The severity of COPD was determined by the measurement of forced expiratory volume in 1 second by spirometery and level of hypoxemia by pulse oximetery. Data analysis was performed using SPSS software, version 20. Results: Regarding the results, COPD was more prevalent in males. The mean age of the patients was 57.60±9.76years old. There was a significant direct correlation between mean serum level of NT-pro BNP and age (P=0.01). Although mean serum NT-pro BNP level was higher in females patients (5.70±0.96) than males (5.66±1.24), no significant correlation was observed between mean serum NT-pro BNP level and gender (P=0.8). The most common chief complaints of the patients were dyspnea (97.9%), cough (88.9%), and phlegm (81.9%). There was no significant relationship between serum NT-pro BNP levels and the length of stay in hospital (P=0.1). However, there was a significant relationship between mean serum level of NT-pro BNP and COPD exacerbation (P=0.004). The mean serum level of NT-pro BNP was higher in the patients with more than two exacerbations over the last year in comparison to the other patients. Additionally, there was a significant direct relationship between mean serum level of NT-pro BNP and the severity of COPD (P=0.009). Moreover, a significant direct relationship was found between serum NT-pro BNP level and hypoxemia ( SpO2<90%; P=0.01). Furthermore, there was a significant relationship between mean serum level of NT-pro BNP and blood pH, which means that the mean serum level of NT-pro BNP was higher in the patients with blood pH levels of 7.25 and 7.25-7.30 (P=0.001). Conclusion: The serum NT-pro BNP level was a prognostic factor in the patients with COPD exacerbation.
Diagnostic and prognostic markers in adult-onset asthma

In this thesis we investigated diagnostic and prognostic markers in adult-onset asthma. We were able to show that one single blood eosinophil measurement is adequate to diagnose persistent blood eosinophilia. Besides this, we found that several type 2 inflammatory markers had prognostic value, and could predict long function decline and asthma persistence. These markers provide new insight in asthma pathogenesis, have implication for daily practise, but also raise new research questions.
Spinal Fusion with Mesenchymal Stem Cell Bone Matrices: A Review on Product Comparison

The An estimated 488,000 spinal fusion surgeries are performed annually in the United States alone, representing a 70% growth rate since 2001. As this trend continues, the global market for spinal fusion devices is projected to exhibit dramatic growth from $7.1 billion in 2016 to $9 billion by 2023. This financial trend combined with the increased morbidity associated with the current gold standard for spinal fusion graft material (iliac crest autograft) is paving the way for novel products. As studies in regenerative medicine and stem cell biology evolve, the introduction of products containing mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) with an allogenic bone graft provides a distinct combination that is suggested to improve bone fusion without the morbidity of an autograft. First introduced in 2005, this class of products is collectively known as cellular bone matrices (CBMs). Skovrlj, published a similar study critically evaluating the CBMs on the market at that time.
The Effect of Continuous and Interval aerobic Trainings on Body Mass Index and Serum Levels of ICAM-1 and VCAM-1 in Men with Heart Failure

Introduction: Adhesive molecules of cellular markers have been applied to identify the process of formation of atherosclerotic plaque of vascular endothelial wall. The present research aimed to evaluate the effect of continuous and interval aerobic trainings on body mass index and serum levels of ICAM-1 and VCAM-1 in men with heart failure. Methods: In the present research, 42 middle-aged men with heart failure were purposefully and randomly divided to three equal groups (each 14 participants) including continuous, periodic, and control aerobic exercises. Continuous exercise (with the intensity of 45-70% maximum heart rate) and periodic exercises (with the intensity of 45-80% of MHR) were done for 3 days a week, with a total term of 8 weeks. Before and after the implementation of the exercise plan, blood samples were taken from three groups. Data were analyzed by one-way ANOVA (P≤0.05). Results: Comparison of mean of intra-group indicated a significant decrease in the level of cellular adhesion molecule-1 and vascular adhesion molecules-1 and body mass index in the exercise groups (P≤0.05). In Intragroup comparison, the two groups of exercise, VCAM-1(P=0.0001) and body mass index (P=0.002) were significantly decreased, but no significant change was observed in ICAM-1(P=0.107). Decrease in VCAM-1 levels and BMI between the two exercise groups were more significant than the control group, but there was no significant difference between the two groups of periodic and aerobic. Conclusion: With decreasing BMI and VCAM-1 levels, aerobic exercises may have a significant role in the prevention and control of cardiovascular disease in patients with heart failure.
Electronic cigarettes and cardiovascular health: what do we know so far?

Abstract While tobacco cigarette (TC) smoking has continued to drop to all-time lows, the use of electronic cigarettes (ECs), introduced in the US in 2007, has been rising dramatically, especially among youth. In EC emissions, nicotine is the major biologically active element, while levels of carcinogens and harmful combustion products that typify TC smoke are very low or even undetectable. TCs cause cardiovascular harm by activation of inflammatory pathways and oxidative damage, leading to atherogenesis and thrombosis, as well as through sympathetic activation triggering ischemia and arrhythmia. While ECs are generally believed to be safer than TCs, there remain many uncertainties regarding the overall cardiovascular health effects of EC usage. In this review, we discuss the various components of EC smoke and review the potential mechanisms of cardiovascular injury caused by EC use. We also discuss the controversy regarding the increasing epidemic of youth EC use weighed against the use of ECs as a smoking-cessation aid.
Research on Information Technology with Transformation Method of Activity from EPMM-Based Software Evolution Process Model to its Execution Model

Software evolution process model (EPM) is created in terms of a formal evolution process meta-model (EPMM) and semi-formal approach to modeling based on EPMM. EPM is still abstract at higher abstract level and is general while software process is concrete, so EPM must be instantiated before its enactment. The method to transform any EPM to its execution model based on logic programming is proposed. Since activity contains the imports resource, roles resource, exports resource and tasks, the rules to transform the four parts of activity level of any EPM to its execution model based logic programming are respectively proposed by analyzing the execution semantics of the activities and the tasks in EPM. The converter program is realized and the correct results have presented to prove the correctness of the method.
AN OVERVIEW OF THE MIT ATHENA LANGUAGE LEARNING PROJECT

This paper details the current status, the future plans, and the reasoning behind the MIT Athena Language Learning Project. The materials are meant to supplement regular class time and to be broad and rich in the area of linguistic resources. The lab itself is planned to accommodate the full range of peripherals including speech recognition devices, and interactive video devices.
Studying an Adaptive Evaluation Game using Ebbinghaus' Forgetting Theory and Leitner's Flashcard Mnemonic

It is important to memorize vocabulary in order to learn a language. Recently, learning games for smart appliances are emerging. If there is a learning game where the learner can actively engage in learning on mobile platform like smart appliances, an efficient learning can be achieved. This study seeks to create a game memorizing English vocabulary on a mobile platform. For efficient memorization, we examine how to apply Ebbinghaus' forgetting theory and Leitner's flashcard mnemonic to the learning game. In addition, we propose an adaptive evaluation game based on Bloom's mastery learning. We constructlearning models on smart appliances to conduct vocabulary memorization.
PERFORMING WAVELET BASED IMAGE FUSION THROUGH DIFFERENT INTEGRATION SCHEMES

This paper presents a wavelet based image fusion method that integrates the decomposed coefficients in a novel separate way during the fusion process. The method is developed by defining a new window-based fusion scheme that can effectively obtain the discrete wavelet transform (DWT) coefficients of the fused image from source images. In this scheme, the coefficients of the low frequency bands are performed by a maximal variance based strategy, while the coefficients of the high frequency bands are performed by a maximal energy of image gradient strategy. The performance of the proposed fusion method has been compared with three existing methods using a number of synthetic and real test images. Experimental results show that the performance of the proposed fusion method is better than that of other methods in terms of several objective evaluation metrics.
Penetran Tracheal Injury: A Rakshe Accident

CERRAHİ BİLİMLER / SURGICAL SCIENCES CASE REPORT / OLGU SUNUMU ©️Telif Hakkı 2019 Ankara Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi Ankara Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi Mecmuası, Galenos Yayınevi tarafından yayınlanmıştır. Yayınlanan tüm içerik CC BY-NC-ND lisansı altındadır.
A ray tracing approach to predicting indoor wireless transmission

Several models exist for the statistical characterization of microwave propagation within buildings. Statistical models do not provide site-specific information. A hybrid model is proposed, in which ray tracing is used to predict, at any given location, the local mean of the received power and the delay profile. Variations about the mean values can then be captured via a statistical description matched to the local environment. An efficient 3-D ray tracing algorithm is described which accounts for all (transmitted as well as reflected) rays reaching the receiver location after an arbitrary number of reflections. The effects of the angle of incidence, the material dielectric constant and the antenna patterns are included. The predicted values for the local means of the received power are then compared against measurements to establish the accuracy of this approach.
Performance comparison of queuing algorithms: a review

Denial of service attacks produce very large amount of packets by a large amount of agents, these packets can easily interfere with the original flow and communication source within very short duration of time. The low rate distributed denial of service attacks (LDDoS) is those which produce less amounts of packet to attack flows. They are a combination of a large number of LDoS flows. There are several techniques called queuing algorithms which are introduced to fight LDDoS attacks. In our research work we will compare some of these queuing management techniques to find the best among them. This review paper will be helpful in our
Study Evaluation of Image inpainting based on S-R algorithm

Image inpaiting is the process of reconstructing or modifying the deteriorated or damage part of the image, just like in world of museum or valuable paintings the process of the inpainting is done by skill expert conservator. This inpainting process is focuses on to reduce the computational complexity of image structures. In this paper we introduced two algorithms that is diffusion based and super resolution algorithm. By comparing two algorithms we concluded that the super resolution algorithm is more superior than the diffusion based algorithm in the cases of clarity and time. In one survey, the innovative Digital photography is changing the way we communicate, socialize, and document events around us but they face some problem like blur image or some damaged part in the valuable image so it is need some new application software that help to solve these problems hence in this paper we introduced SR algorithms. The given input image is first in painted by a non- parametric patch sampling. Compared to existing approaches, some improvements have been done. The in painted of a coarse version of the input image is focuses on to reduce the computational complexity, to be less close to noise and to work with the powerful calculation of image structures(1). From the low-resolution in painted image, a single- image super-resolution is applied to recover the details of missing areas. Experimental results on natural images and texture synthesis demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method (1).
Bio-AIMS Chemoinformatics Web Tools for Proteins

The peptide biological screening represents a difficult task due to the complexity of the amino-acid sequences. One solution is the encoding of the molecular information using complex networks or graphs of the peptides into QSAR-like models in Web tools. Bio-AIMS contains free Web tools on an Artificial Intelligence Model Server in Biosciences: http://bio- aims.udc. es/TargetPred.php. These in silico peptide screening tools are implementing models to predict different protein activities, drug - protein and protein - protein interactions. The inputs are using 3D protein structures or 1D peptide amino acid sequences and the SMILES formulas for drugs, and the classification models are based on Machine Learning techniques. The Web tools are implemented using Python, PHP and XHTML programming languages. SciForum
Enzymes in Food Processing

G. Reed, Introduction. K.L. Parkin, General Characteristics of Enzymes. K.L. Parkin, Environmental Effects in Enzyme Activity. J Wegstein, Modern Methods of Enzyme Expression and Design. P. Aldercreutz, Immobilization. R. Bigelis, Carbohydrates. J. Adler-Nissen, Proteases. S.E. Godtfredsen, Lipases and Esterases. F. Hammer, Oxidoreductoses. T. Szakucki, Application of Oxidoreductases. B. Sproessler, Milling and Baking. R.E. Hebeda, Starches, Sugars, And Syrup. R.J. Brown, Dairy Products. W. Pilmik, Pectic Enzymes in Fruit and Vegetable Juice Manufacture. T. Nagodawithana, Flavor Enhancers. J.-C. Villettaz, Wine. J. Power, Beer. D. Bernnachi, Enzymes for Meat Tenderization. G. Stafansson, Fish Processing.