Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
WiMAX, WLAN, and X-Band Filtering Mechanism: Simple-Structured Triple-Band Frequency Selective Surface

A single-substrate-layer frequency selective surface (FSS) with a 1.6 mm thick FR4 substrate is proposed for triple-band-stop filtering applications. The proposed design includes simple conductive elements on both sides of the substrate. A square loop is located on the top side, while on the backside, another square loop being combined with two folded arms is embedded. Wise inclusion of the conductive elements with proper dimensions stimulated a three-band operation in 3.2–3.7, 4.1–6, and 8–12.1 GHz. WiMAX, WLAN, and X-band are covered within the mentioned frequency bands, respectively. As a figure of merit, for the presented band-stop FSS structure, stable frequency response is obtained against different angles of TE and TM polarizations. Moreover, experimental results obtained from the fabricated prototype are in close agreement with simulation studies confirming the FSS outperformance in real-world applications. Single substrate layer structure, small size, simple conductive elements, and coverage of in-service frequency bands are some of the advantages of the proposed FSS.
Alteration in Mean Platelet Volume and Platicrit Values in Patients With Cancer That Developed Thrombosis

Mean platelet volume (MPV) is an indicator of thrombocyte volume and tendency to thrombosis can be mentioned in case of MPV elevation. Cancers are one of the important groups of thrombotic diseases. In the present study, MPV value was scrutinized in patients with cancer that developed thrombosis. Totally 43 patients followed in Kayseri Training and Research Hospital, in who thromboembolus has been developed, were prospectively recruited in the study. Thrombocyte, MPV, and platicrit (PCT) values were recorded at the time of cancer diagnosis and thrombosis development. Frequency analysis, crosstabs, and paired samples t test were used. Analyses showed that MPV values at the time of thrombosis development were significantly low as compared to those at the time of cancer diagnosis (P = .041). Thrombocyte count and PCT values were also low but not significant. The result of the present study is likely to show that thrombocytes have ignorable effect on thrombosis development in patients with cancer.
Studies on sex-organ development. The hormonal regulation of steroidogenesis and adenosine 3':5'-cyclic monophosphate in embryonic-chick ovary.

1. We investigated the production of steroid hormones by the ovaries of the developing embryonic chick under conditions of organ culture. Radioimmunoassay techniques were used to measure the amount of steroid hormone released into the culture medium. Stimulation of the production of steroid hormones by choriogonadotropin from the urine of pregnant human was dose-dependent. Oestradio and testosterone production was optimal when 20 i.u. of gonadotropic hormone was present in the culture medium 2. During development, both left and right ovaries responded to gonadotropic hormone stimulation with a 2.5-3-fold increase in oestrogen production. However, the right ovary was twice as efficient in testosterone production as the left one. The presence of dibutyryl cyclic AMP in the culture medium of the embryonic ovaries mimicked the effect of the gonadotropic hormone. 3. The human choriogonadotropic hormone stimulated cyclic AMP production in the embryonic ovarian tissue. Thyrotropin, growth hormone and insulin had no stimulating effect. 3-Isobutyl-1-methylxanthine potentiated the gonadotropic hormone effect by increasing the concentration of cyclic AMP in the ovarian tissue. 4. The amount of cyclic AMP synthesized in the embryonic ovary was gradually increased (from 1.2 to 6.5 pmol/mg of tissue) when incubated with increasing doses of human choriogonadotropic hormone in vitro. The newly synthesized cyclic AMP reached the maximum concnentration after 30 min of incubation, then decreased at 2 h of incubation. A portion of the newly synthesized cyclic AMP was released into the culture medium. 5. At various developmental stages, both left and right embryonic-chick ovaries responded to stimulation by gonadotropic hormone with an increase in cyclic AMP production. The cyclic AMP concentration in the right ovary was 80% higher than that in the corresponding left ovary.
Activated T-lymphocytes and macrophages in bronchial mucosa of subjects with chronic bronchitis.

To examine the nature and the degree of leukocyte infiltration and to determine the state of activation of cells in bronchial mucosa of subjects with chronic bronchitis, bronchoscopy was performed in 10 subjects with a history of cigarette smoking and chronic sputum production and in six normal nonsmoking control subjects. Lobar bronchial biopsies were examined using histochemical and immunohistochemical techniques. Subjects with chronic bronchitis had an increased number of total leukocytes (CD45 positive cells), both in the epithelium and in the lamina propria, than did the control subjects (p < 0.05), whereas the numbers of neutrophils, eosinophils, and mast cells were similar in the two groups. There was a significant increase in the numbers of macrophages (p < 0.01) and of T-lymphocytes (CD3 positive cells) (p < 0.05) in the lamina propria of chronic bronchitics, whereas the relative proportions of CD4 and CD8 positive cells were similar in the bronchitics and the control subjects. Subjects with chronic bronchitis also had an increased expression of markers of lymphocyte activation, i.e., an increased number of interleukin-2 receptor positive cells (CD25 positive cells) (p < 0.05) and an increased number of very late activation antigen (VLA-1) positive cells (p < 0.05). In conclusion, the present study provides evidence for mononuclear cell infiltration and for T-cell activation in bronchial mucosa of subjects with chronic bronchitis, supporting the involvement of these cells in the pathogenesis of the disease.
The International Investment Position of the United States

Scholl wrote the first part of the article; Mataloni and Bezirganian wrote the second part. Harlan W. King contributed to the preparation of estimates other than those of direct investment with assistance from Christopher A. Gohrband, Dena A. Holland, and Lori A. Trawinski. T HE NET international investment position of the United States at yearend 1991 was a negative $361.5 billion when direct investment is valued at the current cost of replacing plant, equipment, and other tangible assets, and it was a negative $381.8 billion when direct investment is valued at the current stock-market value of owners' equity. The negative position valued at current cost— or replacement cost—increased $66.7 billion from $294.8 billion at yearend 1990, and the negative position valued at market value—or current stock prices—increased $109.8 billion from $272.0 billion. The increase in both measures of the negative U.S. net position was mainly due to the stronger recovery in the stock and bond markets in the United States than in those markets abroad in 1991, resulting in large price appreciation in the market basis of foreign direct investment in the United States and foreign-held U.S. securities. Net capital inflows continued to decline and had little impact on the net position; at $4.8 billion, net capital inflows were well below their 1987 peak of $167.6 billion. Although there was a strong rebound in foreign demand for U.S. securities, the inflow was mostly offset by record U.S. purchases of foreign stocks. Bank and other capital flows for the year were subdued, in large part because of the retrenchment of U.S. banks from international markets and weak bank credit demand at home and abroad. In current cost, the 1991 change in position was mainly due to $58.6 billion in price appreciation, mostly in foreign-holdings of U.S. securities, and to $4.8 billion in net capital inflows, as foreign assets in the United States increased more rapidly than U.S. assets abroad. Exchange rate changes and other changes combined were $3.3 billion, mostly due to depreciation of U.S. assets payable in European currencies that declined against the dollar. In market value, the change in the position reflected price appreciation of $108.0 billion, capital inflows of $4.8 billion, and exchange rate and other changes of $2.9 billion.
Colorectal Cancer Risk and Dietary Intake of Calcium, Vitamin D, and Dairy Products: A Meta-Analysis of 26,335 Cases From 60 Observational Studies

In vivo and in vitro studies suggest that dairy products, calcium, and dietary vitamin D inhibits the development of colorectal cancer (CRC). A meta-analysis was performed to evaluate this relationship in observational studies. Data from 60 epidemiological studies enrolling 26,335 CRC cases were pooled using a general variance-based meta-analytic method. Summary relative risk (RR) estimates and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated for the highest vs. the lowest intake categories. Sensitivity analyses tested the robustness of these summary effect measures and the statistical heterogeneity. The summary RR for high milk and dairy product intake, respectively, on colon cancer risk was 0.78 (95% CI = 0.67–0.92) and 0.84 (95% CI = 0.75–0.95). Milk intake was unrelated to rectal cancer risk. High calcium intake had a greater protective effect against tumors of the distal colon and rectal cancer vs. proximal colon. The risk reduction associated with calcium was similar for dietary and supplemental sources. Vitamin D was associated with a nonsignificant 6% reduction in CRC risk. Higher consumption of milk/dairy products reduces the risk of colon cancer, and high calcium intake reduces the risk of CRC. Low vitamin D intake in the study populations may limit the ability to detect a protective effect if one exists.
Learning special relativity energy laws using visio-haptic illusion

Visual analysis of complex scientific simulation data often gain to be completed by an exploration with advanced Virtual Reality modalities as the haptic channel. But exploiting the haptic channel with a force-feedback device can be problematic when the profile of the forces to be conveyed to the user is inherently nonlinear. As application domain we are interested in learning relativity. Specifically, we focused our interest in studying the evolution of the kinetic energy of an object approaching the speed of the light. Indeed, the divergent value of momentum for a fast moving object is a difficult concept to understand for students in theoretical physics. In this didactic context, we propose to use a spring launcher based visuohaptic metaphor to allows a user to i) intuitively set the speed of objects in a relativistic framework and ii) access to the law beside the momentum value through this interactive experience. In this context, we imply that a user could interpret and remember an abstract mathematical concept by experiencing it in a VR simulation without having any knowledge and experience neither with haptic rendering nor with special relativity knowledge. In this paper, the contribution of visuo-haptic illusion and pseudo-haptic techniques is analysed with respect to a standard visual-haptic coupling. After formulating the laws of haptic control for this specific problem, a first evaluation is presented with preliminary results. These first results highlight the effectiveness of pseudo-haptic rendering technique used for the interaction design with a complex force profiles and its interpretation taking into account a didactic goal.
High-Performance Current-Mode-Controller Design of Buck LED Driver With Slope Compensation

A discrete time domain modeling and analysis for the current-mode-controlled (CMC) buck LED driver with slope compensation is presented in this paper. The discrete time domain equation representing the buck LED driver is derived and linearized about the equilibrium state. Also, the switching control law, the proportional-integral compensator is used here as an example of the error amplifier, is linearized about the equilibrium state. The linearized buck LED driver and the control law are then combined to arrive at a linearized CMC buck LED driver. The root-locus method is employed to analyze the closed-loop system. The design guidelines and experimental results for the CMC buck LED driver are presented.
Role of bronchial artery embolization in the management of hemoptysis.

OBJECTIVE To assess the modern morbidity of hemoptysis and the contribution of therapeutic bronchial artery embolization to its management. METHODS Medical record review of patients admitted for the treatment of hemoptysis from January 1991 to November 1995 and of patients who had therapeutic bronchial artery embolization from June 1986 to August 1995. Hemoptysis was labeled major or minor. RESULTS A total of 138 patients were admitted with hemoptysis, 31 with major and 107 with minor hemoptysis. No emergency pulmonary resections were required. Mean follow-up was 13.5 months. Mortality was 29.7% (41/138) but was caused by bronchial bleeding in only 4.3% (6/138). Twenty-six patients underwent therapeutic bronchial artery embolization (mean follow-up [range], 14 months [0.3-69.0 months]). The initial success rate (no further bleeding during the initial admission) was 85% (22/26). The long-term success rate (no further bleeding during follow-up) was 58% (15/26). Only 2 patients with therapeutic bronchial artery embolization died of further hemoptysis. CONCLUSIONS Hemoptysis signals life-threatening diseases. Therapeutic bronchial artery embolization is a good treatment adjunct to control bronchial bleeding and reduces the need for high-risk emergency lung resections.
Efficacy, Safety, and Survival Rates of IOP-lowering Effect of Phacoemulsification Alone or Combined With Canaloplasty in Glaucoma Patients

Purpose:To evaluate efficacy and survival rates of intraocular pressure (IOP)-lowering effect obtained with phacoemulsification (phaco) alone or in combination with canaloplasty (PCP) in patients with open-angle glaucoma (OAG). Methods:Retrospective chart review of consecutive cases at the Department of Ophthalmology, Indiana University. Visual acuity (VA), IOP, number of medications (Meds), failures, and survival rates of IOP-lowering effect were analyzed. Inclusion criteria were: patients older than 18 years with OAG and cataract. Exclusion criteria were: no light perception vision, prior glaucoma surgery, chronic uveitis, angle-closure glaucoma, and advanced-stage or end-stage OAG. Failure criteria were: IOP>21 mm Hg or <20% reduction, IOP<6 mm Hg, further glaucoma surgeries, and loss of light perception vision. Results:Thirty-seven patients underwent phaco and 32 patients had PCP. Follow-up was 21.8±10.1 versus 18.8±9.6 months for phaco and PCP, respectively (P=0.21). Age (y) (74.7±9.8 vs. 76.1±8.3, P=0.54), sex (P=81), and laser status (P=0.75) were similar between the groups. Preoperatively, mean±SD logMAR VA (0.5±0.7 vs. 0.5±0.5, P=0.77), IOP (16.2±4.6 vs. 18.2±5.1, P=0.13), and Meds (1.4±1.1 vs. 1.3±0.7, P=0.75) were similar for phaco and PCP, respectively. At 24-month phaco (n=17) and PCP (n=11), respectively, mean±SD were: logMAR VA 0.2±0.2 versus 0.4±0.7, P=0.29; IOP 14.1±4.0 versus 12.9±3.8, P=0.43; and Meds 1.5±1.2 versus 0.3±0.5, P=0.005. Rates of successful IOP lowering without medications for phaco versus PCP at 12 months were 34% versus 75%, respectively (P=0.003). Conclusions:A combination of canaloplasty with phaco results in a decreased number of glaucoma medications and increased survival rate of IOP-lowering effect compared with phaco alone.
On‐line monitoring of oxygen as a non‐destructive method to quantify cells in engineered 3D tissue constructs

Regulatory guidelines have established the importance of introducing quantitative quality controls during the production and/or at the time of release of cellular grafts for clinical applications. In this study we aimed to determine whether on‐line measurements of oxygen can be used as a non‐destructive method to estimate the number of chondrocytes within an engineered cartilage graft. Human chondrocytes were seeded and cultured in a perfusion bioreactor, and oxygen levels in the culture medium were continuously monitored at the inlet and outlet of the bioreactor chamber throughout the culture period. We found that the drop in oxygen across the perfused construct was linearly correlated with the number of cells per construct (R2 = 0.82, p < 0.0001). The method was valid for a wide range of cell numbers, including cell densities currently used in the manufacture of cartilage grafts for clinical applications. Given that few or no non‐destructive assays that quantitatively characterize an engineered construct currently exist, this non‐invasive method could represent a relevant instrument in regulatory compliant manufacturing of engineered grafts meeting specific quality criteria. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
EBNA-2 upregulation of Epstein-Barr virus latency promoters and the cellular CD23 promoter utilizes a common targeting intermediate, CBF1

The EBNA-2 protein is essential for the establishment of a latent Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) infection and for B-cell immortalization. EBNA-2 functions as a transcriptional activator that modulates viral latency gene expression as well as the expression of cellular genes, including CD23. We recently demonstrated that EBNA-2 transactivation of the EBV latency C promoter (Cp) is dependent on an interaction with a cellular DNA-binding protein, CBF1, for promoter targeting. To determine whether targeting via CBF1 is a common mechanism for EBNA-2-mediated transactivation, we have examined the requirements for activation of the cellular CD23 promoter. Binding of CBF1 to a 192-bp mapped EBNA-2-responsive region located at position -85 bp to -277 bp upstream of the CD23 promoter was detected in electrophoretic mobility shift assays. The identity of the bound protein as CBF1 was established by showing that the bound complex was competed for by the CBF1 binding site from the EBV Cp, that the bound protein could be supershifted with a bacterially expressed fusion protein' containing amino acids 252 to 425 of EBNA-2 but was unable to interact with a non-CBF1-binding EBNA-2 mutant (WW323SR), and that in UV cross-linking experiments, the Cp CBF1 binding site and the CD23 probe bound proteins of the same size. The requirement for interaction with CBF1 was demonstrated in a transient cotransfection assay in which the multimerized 192-bp CD23 response region was transactivated by wild-type EBNA-2 but not by the WW323SR mutant. Reporter constructions carrying multimerized copies of the 192-bp CD23 response region or multimers of the CBF1 binding site from the CD23 promoter were significantly less responsive to EBNA-2 transactivation than equivalent constructions carrying a multimerized region from the Cp or multimers of the CBF1 binding site from the Cp. Direct binding and competition assays using 30-mer oligonucleotide probes representing the individual CBF1 binding sites indicated that CBF1 bound less efficiently to the CD23 promoter and the EBV LMP-1 promoter sites than to the Cp site. To investigate the basis for this difference, we synthesized a series of oligonucleotides carrying mutations across the CBF1 binding site and used these as competitors in electrophoretic mobility shift assays. The competition experiments indicated that a central core sequence, GTGGGAA, common to all known EBNA-2-responsive elements, is crucial for CBF1 binding. Flanking sequences on either side of this core influence the affinity for CBF1. (ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)
Efficacy of anidulafungin in the treatment of experimental Candida parapsilosis catheter infection using an antifungal-lock technique.

OBJECTIVES The effectiveness of anidulafungin versus liposomal amphotericin B (LAmB) for treating experimental Candida parapsilosis catheter-related infection by an antifungal-lock technique was assessed. METHODS Two clinical strains of C. parapsilosis (CP12 and CP54) were studied. In vitro studies were used to determine the biofilm MICs (MBIC50 and MBIC90) by XTT reduction assay and LIVE/DEAD biofilm viability for anidulafungin and LAmB on 96-well microtitre polystyrene plates and silicone discs. An intravenous catheter was implanted in New Zealand white rabbits. Infection was induced by locking the catheter for 48 h with the inoculum. The 48 h antifungal-lock treatment groups included control, 3.3 mg/mL anidulafungin and 5.5 mg/mL LAmB. RESULTS Anidulafungin showed better in vitro activity than LAmB against C. parapsilosis growing in biofilm on silicone discs. MBIC90 of LAmB: CP12, >1024 mg/L; CP54, >1024 mg/L. MBIC90 of anidulafungin: CP12, 1 mg/L; CP54, 1 mg/L (P ≤ 0.05). Moreover, only anidulafungin (1 mg/L) showed >90% non-viable cells in the LIVE/DEAD biofilm viability assay on silicone discs. No differences were observed between the in vitro susceptibility of anidulafungin or LAmB when 96-well plates were used. Anidulafungin achieved significant reductions relative to LAmB in log10 cfu recovered from the catheter tips for both strains (P ≤ 0.05). Only anidulafungin achieved negative catheter tip cultures (CP12 63%, CP54 73%, P ≤ 0.05). CONCLUSIONS Silicone discs may be a more reliable substrate for the study of in vitro biofilm susceptibility of C. parapsilosis. Anidulafungin-lock therapy showed the highest activity for experimental catheter-related infection with C. parapsilosis.
Quality of ‘glottal’ stops in tracheoesophageal speakers

Glottal stops are conveyed by an abrupt constriction at the level of the glottis. Tracheoesophageal (TE) speakers are known to have poor control over the new voice source (neoglottis), and this might influence the production of ‘glottal’ stops. This study investigated how TE speakers realized ‘glottal’ stops in abutting words that end and begin with the same vowel. Ten phoneticians rated seven TE speakers' attempts to convey ‘glottal’ stops less favourably than two laryngeal control speakers' ‘glottal’ stops. Acoustic analyses showed that TE speakers relied on more gradual changes, but in 25% of realizations, a constriction at the neoglottis, similar to the constriction found in normal speakers, was produced. It was concluded that control over the neoglottis might be greater than is generally assumed. It might be possible to improve TE speakers' awareness and control over the neoglottis through training, using such tools as digital high‐speed imaging.
Sentiment Analysis for Iraqis Dialect in Social Media

In this paper, we designed a system that extract citizens opinion about Iraqis government and Iraqis politicians through analyze their comments from Facebook (social media network). Since the data is random and contains noise, we cleaned the text and builds a stemmer to stem the words as much as possible, cleaning and stemming reduced the number of vocabulary from 28968 to 17083, these reductions caused reduction in memory size from 382858 bytes to 197102 bytes. Generally, there are two approaches to extract users opinion; namely, lexicon-based approach and machine learning approach. In our work, machine learning approach is applied with three machine learning algorithm which are; Naïve base, K-Nearest neighbor and AdaBoost ensemble machine learning algorithm. For Naïve base, we apply two models; Bernoulli and Multinomial models. We found that, Naïve base with Multinomial models give highest accuracy.