Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Cross-Reactive and Lineage-Specific Single Domain Antibodies against Influenza B Hemagglutinin

Influenza B virus (IBV) circulates in the human population and causes considerable disease burden worldwide, each year. Current IBV vaccines can struggle to mount an effective cross-reactive immune response, as strains become mismatched, due to constant antigenic changes. Additional strategies which use monoclonal antibodies, with broad reactivity, are of considerable interest, both, as diagnostics and as immunotherapeutics. Alternatives to conventional monoclonal antibodies, such as single domain antibodies (NanobodiesTM) with well-documented advantages for applications in infectious disease, have been emerging. In this study we have isolated single domain antibodies (sdAbs), specific to IBV, using alpacas immunised with recombinant hemagglutinin (HA) from two representative viruses, B/Florida/04/2006 (B/Yamagata lineage) and B/Brisbane/60/2008 (B/Victoria lineage). Using phage display, we have isolated a panel of single domain antibodies (sdAbs), with both cross-reactive and lineage-specific binding. Several sdAbs recognise whole virus antigens, corresponding to influenza B strains included in vaccines spanning over 20 years, and were capable of neutralising IBV pseudotypes corresponding to prototype strains from both lineages. Lineage-specific sdAbs recognised the head domain, whereas, sdAbs identified as cross-reactive could be classified as either head binding or stem binding. Using yeast display, we were able to correlate lineage specificity with naturally occurring sequence divergence, at residue 122 in the highly variable 120 loop of the HA1 domain. The single domain antibodies described, might have applications in IBV diagnostics, vaccine potency testing and as immunotherapeutics.
Global Warming Will Stop, If Developed Countries Stop NOx And NP Eliminations

Carbon dioxide CO 2 increasing 2 ppm yearly, since developed countries started elimination of NO x and elimination of NP. Global warming is happening by the decrease of CO 2 assimilation from insufficient supply of NP fertilizer. Developed countries hated NO x and NP and are eliminating NO x and N, P. About 6 billion tone NO x in burned gas is eliminated by ammonia. About 2 billion tone NP in waste water is eliminated by activated sludge process using much electricity. CO 2 assimilation is retarded by insufficient supply of NP. Plankton growth is retarded. CO 2 fix is retarded. Developing coun tries do not eliminate NO x and NP. Then CO 2 assimilation is activated. These countries are keeping high GDP increase rate. If developed countries stop eliminations of NO x and NP, CO 2 assimilation will be activated. CO 2 increase will stop. Production of grain and fish will increase. DGP will increase and global warming will stop.
Kemampuan Aktivitas Dan Fungsi Kognitif Pasien Kanker Payudara Yang Mendapat Kemoterapi

Kemampuan aktivitas fisik dan fungsi kognitif pada kanker payudara sering dilaporkan berubah akibat kemoterapi. Tujuannya adalah untuk menilai korelasi antara kemampuan aktivitas fisik dan fungsi kognitif pada pasien kanker payudara yang menjalani kemoterapi. Metode studi cross-sectional di dilaksanakan pada Poliklinik Bedah Onkologi Rumah Sakit Umum Sanglah, Bali pada bulan September - Oktober 2019. Sebanyak 53 responden mengisi dua kuisioner, dengan kriteria inklusi kanker payudara tanpa tahap metastasis dan telah menjalani kemoterapi. Kriteria eksklusi tidak dapat membaca dan menulis, gangguan mental, keadaan sadar menurun, dan cacat motorik sejak awal. Penelitian ini menemukan korelasi yang tidak signifikan secara statistik antara kemampuan aktifitas fisik dan fungsi kognitif pada pasien kanker payudara yang mendapat kemoterapi dengan nilai korelasi (p> 0,005) antara lima komponen dalam aktivitas dan empat komponen fungsi kognitif yang terkait dengan kualitas hidup. Simpulan penelitian bahwa tidak terdapat korelasi antara kemampuan aktivitas fiisk dengan fungsi kognitif. Studi di masa depan perlu menggunakan pendekatan dan pertimbangan yang mungkin dikembangkan dengan sample lebih besar dan kombinasi menggunakan instrumen objektif pada penelitian.
Newcastle disease and its different applicable control options in poultry in Ethiopia

Backyard poultry production has been a long-established husbandry practice in Ethiopia. It is estimated that Ethiopia’s backyard poultry population is about 53.31 million. The productivity of backyard poultry is constrained by disease outbreak especially Newcastle disease. Newcastle disease is an endemic, highly contiguous, viral disease that affects birds in both intensive and extensive production system. Vaccination against Newcastle disease has been established as one of the many interventions’ strategies, geared towards the control of Newcastle disease outbreaks in these flock. Currently, in Ethiopia, four types of Newcastle disease vaccines (HB1, Lasota, IOENDV, and Thermo-stable–12 vaccine) are used for the control of Newcastle disease. The application of conventional vaccination strategy for the control of Newcastle disease has been effectively utilized in intensive poultry production system. However, these conventional vaccination strategies against Newcastle disease outbreaks have not been fully optimized in backyard poultry production. Consequently, the application of thermo-stable vaccine in the form of feed baits seems to be the most appropriate method for effective control of Newcastle disease in village backyard poultry. Many kinds of feed stuff have been tested as a carrier of the vaccine virus; some have been proved unsuitable, while others are relatively suitable. The proper application of vaccine and vaccination programs together with other measures like sanitation, good nutrition, high level of management in most of the commercial poultry farms in Ethiopia and avoiding of concurrent infections, the occurrence of Newcastle disease outbreaks is rarely reported.
Loss of TP73 function contributes to amyotrophic lateral sclerosis pathogenesis

Much remains unknown about the genetics and pathophysiology underlying the neurodegenerative disease amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). We analyzed exome sequences from a cohort of 87 sporadic ALS (SALS) patients and 324 healthy individuals. TP73, a homolog of the TP53 tumor suppressor gene, had five rare deleterious protein-coding variants; in a separate collection of >2,900 ALS patients we identified an additional 19 rare deleterious variants in TP73.An in vitro C2C12 myoblast growth assay confirmed that these variants impair or alter TP73 function. In vivo mutagenesis of zebrafish tp73 using CRISPR led to impaired motor neuron development and abnormal axonal morphology, concordant with ALS pathology. Together, these results demonstrate that TP73is a risk factor for ALS, and identifies a novel dysfunctional cellular process in the pathogenesis of ALS.
(Non)Parallel Evolution

Parallel evolution across replicate populations has provided evolutionary biologists with iconic examples of adaptation. When multiple populations colonize seemingly similar habitats, they may evolve similar genes, traits, or functions. Yet, replicated evolution in nature or in the laboratory often yields inconsistent outcomes: Some replicate populations evolve along highly similar trajectories, whereas other replicate populations evolve to different extents or in distinct directions. To understand these heterogeneous outcomes, biologists are increasingly treating parallel evolution not as a binary phenomenon but rather as a quantitative continuum ranging from parallel to nonparallel. By measuring replicate populations’ positions along this (non)parallel continuum, we can test hypotheses about evolutionary and ecological factors that influence the extent of repeatable evolution. We review evidence regarding the manifestation of (non)parallel evolution in the laboratory, in natural populations, and in applied contexts such as cancer. We enumerate the many genetic, ecological, and evolutionary processes that contribute to variation in the extent of parallel evolution.
Adsorption isotherms of H2 and mixtures of H2, CH4, CO and CO2 on copper plated stainless steel at 4.2 K and the large hadron collider vacuum system

Adsorption isotherms in the pressure range 10−11–10−6 Torr have been measured for H2 and mixtures of H2 and CH4, CO, and CO2 on copper plated stainless steel at 4.2 K. The measurements have been focused on the behavior of the isotherms at low surface coverage, up to a few monolayers of adsorbed gas on the cold surface. The isotherms were measured in a static situation with a small amount of gas injected for each point on the isotherm. Coadsorption measurements of H2 with CH4, CO, and CO2 as well as adsorption of H2 on condensates of CH4, CO, and CO2 have been made. A cryotrapping effect of H2 is seen when coadsorbing the gas mixtures, which is especially strong for the mixture of H2 and CO2. The measurements show that CO2 condensed at 4.2 K may have a porous structure that H2 can penetrate, while CO and CH4 have rather dense structures when adsorbed at 4.2 K. The measurements have been done within the framework of the Large Hadron Collider project [The Large Hadron Collider Accelerator Project, CERN/AC/95.
Generalized Method of Moments and Generalized Estimating Functions Based on Probability Generating Function for Count Models

Generalized method of moments based on probability generating function is considered. Estimation and model testing are unified using this approach which also leads to distribution free chi-square tests. The estimation methods developed are also related to estimation methods based on generalized estimating equations but with the advantage of having statistics for model testing. The methods proposed overcome numerical problems often encountered when the probability mass functions have no closed forms which prevent the use of maximum likelihood (ML) procedures and in general, ML procedures do not lead to distribution free model testing statistics.
UTILIZATION OF DATE PALM LEAVES TREATED WITH ENZYMES IN SMALL RUMINANTS FEEDING

Aim of the current study was to investigate the effects of feeding small ruminants on diets contained date palm tree leaves (DPL) incubated or not with enzymes. Biological treatments were used in laboratory experiment to determine the effect of using different enzymes (Cellulase, Taninnase, Fibrolytic and combinations of each with other) on chemical composition of date palm leaves. In vitro trail was conducted using diets contained 40% DPL incubated with enzymes to study in vitronutrients disappearance. A digestibility trails were carried out to study digestibility coefficients, nutritive values, nitrogen balance, rumen fermentations and microbes and some blood components as follow: D (1): 50 % concentrate feed mixture (CFM) + 50% berseem hay (BH) (control diet). D (2): 50 % CFM + 40% DPL +10% BH.D (3): 50 % CFM +40% DPL incubated with Cellulase enzyme +10% BH. D (4): 50 % CFM +40% DPL incubated with Fibrolytic enzyme +10% BH. D (5): 50 % CFM +40% DPL incubated with Cellulase and fibrolytic enzymes. Results showed that enzymes improved chemical composition of DPL, CP content was increased while CF and its fractions were decreased (P≤0.01). The incubation of DPL in diets with enzymes improved nutrients disappearance. Digestibility coefficients, nutritive values and nitrogen balance showed significant increase(P≤0.01) with diets contained enzymatic DPL. The highest improvement of rumen fermentations and microbes were reported with DPL contained enzymes compared to control and non- enzymatic DPL. Serum total proteins and albumin concentrations were increased significantly (P≤0.01), while urea concentration was decreased with diets contained enzymatic DPL.
Breeding density and landscape-level habitat selection of common buzzards (Buteo buteo) in a mountain area (Abruzzo Apennines, Italy)

ABST•ACT. --The breeding density and landscape-level habitat selection of Common Buzzards (Buteo buteo) was studied from 1989-93 in a mountain area of Abruzzo Apennines (central Italy). Analysis of landscape features was based on circular plots (2.5 km diameter) centered on occupied nest trees. A total of 32 Common Buzzard nesting territories were identified within a 387 km 2 area (8.3 pairs/100 km 2, mean nearest-neighbor distance 2.5 km). The average altitude of the nest sites was 1399 m above sea level and 73.1% were oriented NE. Stepwise discriminant function analysis howed significant differences between nesting (N = 17) and control sites (N = 15) based on four landscape variables: relief index, distance from forest edge, distance from paved road and distance from valley bottom. Results suggest hat Common Buzzards select nesting areas in the eastern portion of forests which are distant from roads but close to valley bottoms, in rugged areas of irregular morphology.
Extragenital primary cutaneous venereal granuloma in dogs: A review of three cases

Three intact male dogs of different breeds were presented to Veterinary Clinical Complex, Tirunelveli with a single cutaneous mass at different locations. Fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) smears obtained from the masses revealed the typical cytological features of transmissible venereal tumor (TVT) in all the three cases. None of the cases had lesion in the genitalia. Based on the anamnesis, clinical symptoms and cytological examinations the cases were diagnosed as primary cutaneous transmissible venereal tumors. The animals were treated successfully using Vincristine Sulphate intravenously at the rate of 0.6 mg/m². The response to chemotherapy with Vincristine Sulphate was excellent leading to complete regression of the neoplasm and no relapse.
ESTUDO DE CASO DE UM SISTEMA DE RECONHECIMENTO FACIAL UTILIZANDO O OPENFACE PARA IDENTIFICAÇÃO DE FACES EM BANCOS DE IMAGENS

Searching a bigger knowledge about facial recognition, the objective of this work is to evaluate the Support Vector Machines classifier used by the OpenFace library, in the classification of images through the Cross-Validation method. For this were used the Labeled Faces in the Wild image bank, and as image bases, the MS-CELEB-1M and the FEI DATABASE, where with the OpenFace ANN (Artificial Neural Nerwork) the characteristics of each image were extracted, to create a Support Vector Machines classifier. The evaluation was by the cross-validation method. The results confirmed that the use of artificial intelligence for the problems found in researched area is a valid option to be studied and used.
Efficacy of high-dose methylprednisolone and cyclophosphamide in childhood-onset systemic lupus erythematosus

Background Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a chronic, multisystem, autoimmune disease. Untreated SLE often become progressive and lead to increased risk of mortality. Corticosteroid and cyclophosphamide remain the treatment of choice for severe SLE. Disease activity assessed with SLE Daily Activity Index (SLEDAI). Objective To compare the disease activity of childhood-onset severe SLE at the time of diagnosis, after completion of high dose methylprednisolone, and after three month of cyclophosphamide by using SLEDAI. Methods This study was conducted in the Division of Pediatric Allergy and Immunology, Department of Child Health, Udayana University/Sanglah Hospital, Denpasar, Bali. Subjects were SLE patient aged 0-18 years who had severe clinical manifestations. Subject received therapy combination of high dose methylprednisolone and cyclophosphamide every 2 weeks for six doses. SLEDAI score was assessed at the time of diagnosis, after completion of high dose methylprednisolone, and after three month of cyclophosphamide. Results During the study period, 51 children were diagnosed as SLE. Twenty-one subjects were included for analysis. Median SLEDAI score at the time of diagnosis was 23 (range 13-39). SLEDAI score after three months of cyclophosphamide was decreased to 2 (range 0-14). Post hoc analysis with Wilcoxon signed-rank test showed the improvement of SLEDAI score at the time of diagnosis and after three months of cyclophosphamide was statistically significant (Z=-4.016, P<0.0001). Conclusion SLEDAI score reduced after completion of high-dose methylprednisolone and three month of cyclophosphamide therapy.
Antioxidant and antimicrobial activity of whole seed extracts of Perseaamericana Mill

Perseaamericana Mill used in traditional medicine for the treatment of various ailments and has antibacterial, antifungal, anti-viral and wound-healing properties. In the present study, antioxidant and antibacterial activity of different extracts of Perseaamericana Mill were investigated. Antioxidant potential of plant extracts was evaluated by means of total phenolic, total flavonoids content and DPPH radical scavenging activity. The highest phenolic and flanovoid content was observed in methanol extract while the lowest was achieved in aqueous extract. At concentration of 500 SOH g/mL, DPPH radical scavenging activity was found to be highest in methanol extract (70%) and lowest in aqueous extract (51%). Antibacterial activity of different extracts was evaluated by using the disk diffusion method. Highest antibacterial activity was observed with methanol extract against S. pyogenes, while minimum activity was observed with aqueous extract against E.coli.
Self-Examination of Scrotum- Need of the Hour to Create Awareness Regarding Testicular Pathologies- A Cross Sectional Study

BACKGROUND Although nowadays people are very much concerned when it comes to cancer, still they are not aware about the process and advantages of early detection. Testicular cancer is the most common cancer among males in the age group 18-50 years. Still people are not aware of self-examination of scrotum and testicular self-examination (TSE). Knowledge deficits and sociocultural norms contribute towards increased incidence of testicular pathologies. This study was aimed to assess knowledge and attitude of young male medical students regarding self-examination of scrotum/testis and various testicular pathologies. A cross sectional study was conducted in a rural tertiary care hospital attached to medical college. After getting approval from institutional ethics committee, 149 medical students were included in the study. A self-administered validated online questionnaire was made for pre-test and post-test consisting of 10 questions. The students were educated after pre-test and intervention was done in post-test. The data was collected through Google forms and data analysis was done using chi square test. In pre-test it was revealed that 39.5% of subjects didn’t have knowledge about self-examination of scrotum or testicles. Amongst 60.5% who knew about it, only 26.5% knew the procedure for performing the self-examination, and 24% knew the frequency for self-examination. The main barrier for 22.4% people was social and mental hindrance. In post-test, it revealed that still 11.41% didn’t have clear idea about procedure of self-examination and still after knowing all the advantages 12.08% people had social or mental hindrance. This study concluded health care professionals lack the necessary knowledge about TSE. Still the main problem lies in their perspective and attitude towards TSE as even after educating them regarding TSE and various testicular pathologies and its early detection and its advantages, 12.08% of students had social or mental hindrance. This study highlighted the various hindrances the educated, young, health care students have, where the real problem lies, and brings out the most important hindrance which is mental and social inhibition.
Untersuchung der lokalen strukturellen und elektronischen Eigenschaften von Fe-GaAs Schottky-Kontakten mit atomar aufgelöster Raster-Tunnel-Mikroskopie in Querschnittsgeometrie

In this paper we present the first real space investigation of the Fe-GaAs{110} interface with Scanning Tunneling Microscopy and Spectroscopy across the interface. This new approach enables us to explore the structural as well as the electronic properties of metal-semiconductor interfaces with atomic resolution.XSTM topographies of the Fe-GaAs{110} interface demonstrate that a two-step growth process (deposition of the thin Fe-film at a substrate temperature of 130(5) K and subsequent annealing to room temperature) leads for the first time to an abrupt and defect-free interface. Spatially resolved IU-Spectroscopy acquired simultaneously with the constant current image of the heterointerface allows direct linking of the atomic structure to spatially varying electronic properties, e.g. the variation of the local electrostatic potential in the GaAs space charge layer due to the discrete distribution of dopant atoms. Maps of the differential conductivity in the energy range of the GaAs band-gap demonstrate a continuum of gap-states in the interface region. The characteristic Schottky barrier height can be determined by comparing experimental data to 3D FEM simulations including the effect of tip-induced band bending. In contrast to conventionally grown Fe-GaAs systems the ideal Fe-GaAs{110} Schottky contact exhibit a substantially higher barrier of 0,92(3) eV. This difference as well as the observed properties of the gap-states are discussed in terms of different theoretical models of the Schottky barrier formation.
Real Time Attendance System using One Shot Learning for Face Recognition

Attending lectures plays an important part in the intellectual development of a student. Hence, attendance is given such great value in our education system. It is a useful measure of evaluating the performance of a student. Thus, we propose a real time attendance system which identifies and then recognizes students using their facial features. This system will record and mark attendance of all the students present in the classroom with the help of advancements in machine learning. The various technologies used in face recognition include Convolution Neural Network (CNN), Recurrent Neural Network (RNN), Siamese Neural Network and many more. We will be working with the lattermost that is, Siamese neural network for One shot learning. The steps described in this paper include capturing video and converting it into a picture, face detection, face recognition using feature extraction and classification. Multiple cameras ensure accuracy and accountability of the system. This automated system can transform the manual and tedious work of taking attendance to a simpler and automated one.
A Corpus-Based Study of the Discourse Marker “Well” and Its Pragmatic Functions in L2 Learners’ Dialogues

This paper focuses on the pragmatic function of the discourse marker “well” in conversational interaction of second language learners. Based on the corpus, we divide the pragmatic functions of “well” into four levels: content level, structural level, interpersonal level, and without level (interlanguage marker). This will help us understand the use of markers, such as “well” in interlanguage and provide references for improving the pragmatic competence of second language learners.
Named Entity Recognition Method of Brazilian Legal Text based on pre-training model

Named entity recognition (NER) is a common task in Natural Language Processing (NLP). To this end, we propose a novel approach based on pre-training model to complete the sequence labeling tasks by learning the large-scale real-world data from Brazilian legal documents. Especially, combining iterated dilated convolution[1] (IDCNN) and Bi-LSTM, we develop the scalable sequence labeling model named Sequence Tagging Model (STM) and extensive experiments validate the effectiveness of STM for NER tasks. Furthermore, compared with the IDCNN-CRF model, the experimental results show that the STM is better and the F1 score is 93.23%, which provides an important basis for NER tasks.