Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Health Monitoring of Aerospace Bolted Lap Joints Using Nonlinear Ultrasonic Spectroscopy: Theory and Experiments

This paper presents theoretical and experimental study of nonlinear ultrasonic spectroscopy method for health monitoring of aerospace bolted lap joints. In this study, the interrogating waves generated by a transmitter piezoelectric wafer active sensor (T-PWAS) propagate along the structure, interact with the lap joint contact surfaces, carry the information of bolt preload and are picked up by a receiver PWAS (RPWAS). The contact acoustic nonlinearity (CAN) introduced by the interaction between guided waves and contact surfaces serves as an index for the assessment of bolt tight/loose status. Contact finite element models (FEM) are built to simulate the contact behavior of the lap joint surfaces under ultrasonic wave cyclic loading. The relationship between bolt preload and the CAN is investigated. Experiments on an aerospace bolted lap joint are carried out to verify the FEM predictions. The nonlinearity from the electronic equipment (function generator, amplifier, etc.) is addressed. Scanning Doppler laser vibrometer is used to visualize the wave propagation and interaction with the lap joint, and the results are compared with FEM simulation. Nonlinear effects such as higher harmonics are observed from the FEM predictions and the experimental results. The paper finishes with conclusions and suggestions for future work.
Transmission of Cryptosporidium Species Among Human and Animal Local Contact Networks in Sub-Saharan Africa: A Multicountry Study

Abstract Background Cryptosporidiosis has been identified as one of the major causes of diarrhea and diarrhea-associated deaths in young children in sub-Saharan Africa. This study traces back Cryptosporidium-positive children to their human and animal contacts to identify transmission networks. Methods Stool samples were collected from children < 5 years of age with diarrhea in Gabon, Ghana, Madagascar, and Tanzania. Cryptosporidium-positive and -negative initial cases (ICs) were followed to the community, where stool samples from households, neighbors, and animal contacts were obtained. Samples were screened for Cryptosporidium species by immunochromatographic tests and by sequencing the 18S ribosomal RNA gene and further subtyped at the 60 kDa glycoprotein gene (gp60). Transmission clusters were identified and risk ratios (RRs) calculated. Results Among 1363 pediatric ICs, 184 (13%) were diagnosed with Cryptosporidium species. One hundred eight contact networks were sampled from Cryptosporidium-positive and 68 from negative ICs. Identical gp60 subtypes were detected among 2 or more contacts in 39 (36%) of the networks from positive ICs and in 1 contact (1%) from negative ICs. In comparison to Cryptosporidium-negative ICs, positive ICs had an increased risk of having Cryptosporidium-positive household members (RR, 3.6 [95% confidence interval {CI}, 1.7–7.5]) or positive neighboring children (RR, 2.9 [95% CI, 1.6–5.1]), but no increased risk of having positive animals (RR, 1.2 [95% CI, .8–1.9]) in their contact network. Conclusions Cryptosporidiosis in rural sub-Saharan Africa is characterized by infection clusters among human contacts, to which zoonotic transmission appears to contribute only marginally.
Enhancing Interprofessional Communications Training in Internal Medicine. Lessons Drawn From a Systematic Scoping Review From 2000 to 2018.

INTRODUCTION Interprofessional communication (IPC) enhances patient experiences and outcomes and improves well-being and satisfaction among health care professionals. This scoping review seeks to guide design of IPC training in internal medicine. METHODS The framework of Arksey and O'Malley (2005) guided this systematic scoping review in internal medicine across PubMed, Embase, CINAHL, Scopus, PsycINFO, ERIC, JSTOR, and Google Scholar databases for publications from the years 2000 to 2018. RESULTS Twenty-two thousand eight hundred seventy-four abstracts were retrieved, 326 full-text articles were reviewed, and 32 articles were included. The themes identified using directed content analysis were indications for an IPC program, training stages, and obstacles. The rationale for IPC programs was to improve interprofessional teamwork and enhance patient care. IPC training occurs in five stages beginning with instilling the role, value, and skills behind IPC and gradually practicing these skills within the clinical setting. The challenges to IPC highlight the need to confront workplace hierarchies and the lack of resources. DISCUSSION The findings of this systematic scoping review also serve to underscore the importance of understanding, evaluating, and influencing the clinical environment and the work environment and the need for new assessment tools that will guide the individualized, longitudinal, competency-based learning process that underpins IPC training.
Immunology and ovarian cancers.

The current standard therapy of epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) is the combination of surgery and multi-agent chemotherapy with/without adding targeted therapy. After treatment, response rate is high and nearly all patients can achieve complete remission, even though they are advanced diseases; however, the majority of patients will relapse and subsequently die of diseases within several years after initial treatment. When treatment options are limited, there is the urgent need for new novel therapeutic approaches for precise cancer control. The development of chemo-resistance and evading of the anti-cancer immune response may be one of the important causes contributing to the therapeutic failure, and therefore, it represent a paradigm shift in cancer research. An individual's immune response and interaction with EOC cells might be one of key factors for cancer treatment. There are many interventions, including targeting certain-type immunogenic EOC-associated antigens, immune checkpoint blockade, and adoptive cellular therapy, which present a profound opportunity to revolutionize EOC treatment. This review will encompass the interaction between EOC and immune system and highlight recent data regarding the research of immunotherapy in EOC.
Nursing Barriers to Implementation of Daily Sedation Interruption

Summary: Daily interruption of sedation is recognized as best practice for patients receiving continuous sedation. This abstract reports the findings from a cross sectional research study that examined perceived barriers nurses experience in implementing this best practice in critical care settings. Learning Activity: LEARNING OBJECTIVES EXPANDED CONTENT OUTLINE The learner will be able to describe barriers that nurses in this sample reported in implementing DIS protocols. Research findings included in poster The learner will be able to discuss potential solutions to implementing best practice protocols. Recommendations will be included in the poster.
Evaluation of Diagnostic Performance of Computed Tomography in Diagnosis of Liver Diseases

This study was prospective study done in Sudan during the period from February 2014 to January 2017 at Alfaisal Specialized Hospital, Ibn alhaitham Diagnostic Centre, Antalya Medical Centre and Royal Care International Hospital. The data were collected by using data collection sheet for 100 patients who were suspected to have liver disease. They have abdominal ultrasound (US) and abdominal computed tomography (CT) exam using triphasic scan protocol. There was high frequency of diffused and focal liver lesions in Sudanese patient therefore, diagnosing and characterization of these lesions is essential. The objectives of this study to characterize and diagnosis liver disease using multidetector computed tomography (MDCT) and evaluated the diagnostic performance of computed tomography (CT) and ultrasound (US) in diagnosing liver diseases. All the data obtained in the study were documented and analyzed using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) program to test the significance of differences, p-value of less than 0.05 was considered to be statistically significant. The study results were liver lesions were detected. The nature of the lesions was characterized in all phases of contrast. Enhancement patterns of benign disease, malignant and metastases were also been analyzed.
SOLITARY FIBROUS TUMOUR OF KIDNEY : A RARE CASE REPORT

A solitary fibrous tumor (SFT) is an unusual spindle cell neoplasm that usually occurs in the pleura but has been described in diverse extrapleural sites. Herein we report a case of solitary fibrous tumor of kidney in a 60 year old female which was clinically suspected as renal cell carcinoma but proved to be solitary fibrous tumor histopathologically and was confirmed by immunohistochemistry. We report this case because of its rarity and to discuss the important differentials that has to be considered in a case of renal mass.
J an 2 01 2 Di ff raction-corrected neutrino flux and ν N total cross section

A neutrino produced in a particle decay maintains an unusual wave nature that reveals a di ffraction phenomenon in a large spatial region. Di ffraction gives a new component to a neutrino flux in this region and modifies determinations of physical quantities in neutrino experiments. A total cro ss section of neutrino nucleon scattering at high energies is studied in this paper. A cross section is proportional to a n energy in the quark-parton model and is modified with the energy-dependent neutrino flux induced by the di ffraction component. A total number of events devided by the energy is not constant but has a slight energy dependence. Th eoretical values agree well with the recent experiments.
Uninitialized Memory Disclosures in Web Applications

Since modern web applications ar implemented in memory-safe languages, vulnerabilities arising from erroneous memory handling are often overlooked during web application testing. Recent research however shows that some memory-unsafe parsers are still popular members of the software supply chain, reanimating old bug classes. Disclosure of uninitialized memory is one of these bug classes that poses unique challenges for blackand white-box testing and vulnerability research as well. This paper will give an overview on the bug class and public cases of such vulnerabilities affecting web applications. Challenges, and possible approaches of black-box detection will be discussed in detail. Since the processing model of the affected software has a determining effect on the impact of memory disclosures, the effect of the vulnerabilities will be assessed against multiple application platforms. © 2 02 0 T he SA NS In sti tut e, Au tho r R eta ins Fu ll R igh ts © 2020 The SANS Institute Author retains full rights. Uninitialized Memory Disclosures in Web Applications 2 Bálint Varga-Perke, vpbalint@silentsignal.hu
Counting and optimizing with unimodular networks

These short lecture notes are devoted to the Benjamini-Schramm graph topology with a special emphasis on its applications to counting and combinatorial optimization problems. Section 2 defines this topology and introduces the main related concepts. Section 3 illustrates on the simple example of the minimal spanning tree how it allows to define a minimal spanning forest of a possibly infinite graph. In Section 4, on the example of graph matchings, we will study the convergence of partition functions. The material of these notes is largely borrowed from Aldous and Steele [5], Aldous and Lyons [4] and Bordenave, Lelarge and Salez [16].
Clinician perspectives of behavioral health service delivery in patient-centered medical homes

The need to reform health care in the U.S. is evidenced by exorbitant costs that for many patients, fails to produce better outcomes (McCarthy, How, Fryer, Radley, & Schoen, 2011). Provisions within the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act (PPACA) intend to decrease spending while enhancing the quality of care provided, thus improving patient satisfaction. Notably, the PPACA promotes the patient-centered medical home (PCMH), a model of health care in which a team of practitioners coordinate care for each patient as to ensure that all health needs are addressed (PPACA, 2009a, 2009b). The use of the PCMH model has major implications for many behavioral health providers who have historically provided care in isolation, without collaboration with medical providers (Kessler, Stafford, & Messier, 2009). To investigate the effects of behavioral health integration within this model, six master’s level behavioral health clinicians were interviewed about their experiences delivering services at a PCMH. Themes identified within the interviews included a major shift in practice characterized by intermittent behavioral health treatment. While the sample size of the current study greatly limits generalizability, the findings demand further exploration as to understand the future of behavioral health service delivery in the U.S. CLINICIAN PERSPECTIVES OF BEHAVIORAL HEALTH SERVICE DELIVERY IN PATIENT-CENTERED MEDICAL HOMES A project based upon an independent investigation, submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Social Work. Melanie Cox 2015 Smith College School for Social Work Northampton, Massachusetts 01063
Mechanism Design for Defense Coordination in Security Games

Recent work studied Stackelberg security games with multiple defenders, in which heterogeneous defenders allocate security resources to protect a set of targets against a strategic attacker. Equi-librium analysis was conducted to characterize outcomes of these games when defenders act independently. Our starting point is the observation that the use of resources in equilibria may be inefficient due to lack of coordination. We explore the possibility of reducing this inefficiency by coordinating the defenders—specifically, by pooling the defenders’ resources and allocating them jointly. The defenders’ heterogeneous preferences then give rise to a collective decision-making problem, which calls for a mechanism to generate joint allocation strategies. We seek a mechanism that encourages coordination, produces efficiency gains, and incentivizes the defenders to report their true preferences and to execute the recommended strategies. Our results show that, unfortunately, even these basic properties clash with each other and no mechanism can achieve them simultaneously, which reveals the intrinsic difficulty of achieving meaningful defense coordination in security games. On the positive side, we put forward mechanisms that fulfill some of these properties and we identify special cases of our setting where more of these properties are compatible.
ESTABLISHING RESTORATION SEED RESERVES IN NATIONAL FOREST SYSTEM SEED ORCHARDS

The role of the nine National Forest System seed orchards in the Southern Region is to support reforestation and restoration programs on the region’s national forests. Traditionally, the emphasis of the seed orchards has been with commercially important tree species. Recently, emphasis is shifting to gene conservation aspects of restoration of ecologically important imperilled tree species. The main threats facing these species are shrinking ranges and declining populations that result, in part, from global climate change. Many factors influence the ability of forest species to adapt to changing conditions, but our focus is on the genetic factors affecting adaptive traits. The challenge is to ensure that imperilled species in national forests are managed to maximize their genetic adaptability to changing environments. So how can National Forest System seed orchards best support the response to this challenge?
Diagnosis, Treatment, Follow-up, and Persistence of Trichomonas vaginalis in Women 45 Years and Older According to HIV Status: A 10-Year Retrospective Cohort

Persistent Trichomonas vaginalis infection is common among women 45 years and older. Human immunodeficiency virus status was not associated with persistent or recurrent infection. More effective treatment strategies are needed. Background Trichomonas vaginalis is a common treatable sexually transmitted infection among older women. Persistent T. vaginalis infection after treatment is common among women with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). We sought to determine if HIV-negative women were as likely as women with HIV to have persistent T. vaginalis infection. Methods We performed a retrospective cohort study of women 45 years or older with T. vaginalis infection. We evaluated differences in persistent T. vaginalis infection according to HIV status using χ2 analysis. We performed regression analyses to describe factors associated with persistent and recurrent infection in older women. Results Over a 10-year study period, we identified 282 women with T. vaginalis, 46 with HIV. Most women (240, 86%) were treated in accordance with 2015 Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Sexually Transmitted Diseases treatment guidelines. Half of the women (144, 53%) had a repeat T. vaginalis test 90 to 365 days after treatment, and one third had persistent infection (39/125, 31%). Persistent infection was similar between women with HIV and HIV-negative women treated according to Centers for Disease Control recommendations (17% vs 33%, P = 0.3). When adjusting for age and incidental diagnosis, tobacco use was associated with an increased risk of more than 1 or recurrent T. vaginalis infection during the study period (adjusted odds ratio, 2.8; 95% confidence interval, 1.5–4.9). Conclusions The HIV status did not affect persistent T. vaginalis infection in women 45 years or older. Given over one third of women have a positive test within a year after the recommended treatment, our data support repeat testing in women 45 years and older treated for T. vaginalis.
The ‘Stages towards Completion Model’: what helps and hinders children with overweight or obesity and their parents to be guided towards, adhere to and complete a group lifestyle intervention

ABSTRACT Purpose: Lifestyle interventions can be effective in the management of overweight and obesity in children. However, ineffective guidance towards interventions and high attrition rates affect health impacts and cost effectiveness. The aim of this study was to gain insight into the factors influencing participation, in particular guidance towards, adherence to and completion of an intervention. Methods: A narrative literature review was performed to identify factors related to participation, leading to the development of the “Stages towards Completion Model”. Semi-structured interviews (n = 33) and three focus group discussions (n = 25) were performed with children and parents who completed two different group lifestyle interventions, as well as with their coaches. Results: The main barrier to participating in a lifestyle intervention was the complex daily reality of the participants. The main facilitator to overcome these barriers was a personal approach by all professionals involved. Conclusions: Participation in a lifestyle intervention is not influenced by one specific factor, but by the interplay of facilitators and barriers. A promising way to stimulate participation and thereby increase the effectiveness of interventions would be an understanding of and respect for the complex circumstances of participants and to personalize guidance towards and execution of interventions.
Developing a Small Theory of Treatment of Yoga

Yoga is presently considered as a complementary and alternative medicine modality [1]. However, there is an emerging trend to medicalize it and use it as a part of integrative medicine [2,3]. This in turn is leading to recognition of yoga as a therapy rather than a mere spiritual or health promotional activity [4]. Naturally, discussions regarding licensure, regulation, and third party payment for its services have ensued [5]. The decisions regarding the best policies and practices related to these issues, which must be driven by evidence, require the support of a solid foundation of evaluation research. Yoga has been researched for almost a century now and a huge body of literature is available that has examined and elucidated its various facets from different perspectives [6]. As a part of that process, yoga’s mechanism of action has also been extensively investigated and many different explanatory models are being offered [7]. However despite all efforts in research, it is still not exactly known how yoga works [8]. There appears to be a missing link at the very core. This gap is subtly undermining the utility of yoga by precipitating problems at many levels related to its practical implementation. Knowledge about yoga’s mechanism of action has been uncovered primarily by empirical research, which in turn has been usually guided by theory, albeit sometimes the theory is tacit. This also implies that mechanism of action is not the same thing as theory.
The interplay between direct-acting antivirals and hepatocellular carcinoma in chronic hepatitis C

Direct-acting antivirals (DAAs) have been introduced for the treatment of hepatitis C virus, and the sustained virological response rate after DAAs was reported to be over 95%. Because of the high sustained virological response rate, the risk of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) was expected to be reduced. However, an unexpected high risk of HCC recurrence after DAA treatment was reported, and thus the dispute about the association of DAA and HCC arose. The present article reviews the interplay between DAAs and HCC.
Bone, intervertebral disc and subcutaneous adipose tissue pharmacokinetics of vancomycin obtained by microdialysis PhD thesis

The increasing incidence of orthopaedic methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) infections represents a significant therapeutic challenge. Being effective against MRSA, the role of vancomycin may become more important in the orthopaedic setting in the years to come. Nonetheless, vancomycin bone and soft tissue penetration during infection remains unclear. In eight pigs, implant-associated osteomyelitis was induced on day 0, using a Staphylococcus aureus strain. Following administration of 1,000 mg of vancomycin on day 5, vancomycin concentrations were obtained with microdialysis for 8 h in the implant bone cavity, in cancellous bone adjacent to the implant cavity, in subcutaneous adipose tissue (SCT) adjacent to the implant cavity, and in healthy cancellous bone and healthy SCT in the contralateral leg. Venous blood samples were also obtained. The extent of infection and inflammation was evaluated by post-mortem computed tomography scans, C-reactive protein serum levels and cultures of blood and swabs. In relation to all the implant cavities, bone destruction was found. Ranging from 0.20 to 0.74, tissue penetration, expressed as the ratio of the area under the concentration–time curve from 0 to the last measured value, was incomplete for all compartments except for healthy SCT. The lowest penetration was found in the implant cavity. In conclusion, Staphylococcus aureus implantassociated osteomyelitis was found to reduce vancomycin bone penetration, especially in the implant cavity. These findings suggest that it may be unsafe to rely solely on vancomycin therapy when treating acute osteomyelitis. Particularly when metaphyseal cavities are present, surgical debridement seems necessary. fl 2017 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res 9999:1–6, 2017.