Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Natural history and treatment of fibrous dysplasia of bone: a multicenter clinicopathologic study promoted by the European Pediatric Orthopaedic Society

A multicenter study on fibrous dysplasia of bone (FD) was promoted by the European Pediatric Orthopaedic Society in 1999 in order to gain insight into the natural history of the disease and to evaluate current diagnostic and therapeutic approaches. We collected and reviewed clinical, radiographic, pathological, and molecular genetic data when possible, from a total of 64 cases diagnosed as either monostotic FD (MFD), polyostotic FD (PFD), or McCune–Albright syndrome (MAS), evaluated or treated in 11 participating centers. Results from the initial analysis of the series indicate five main points: (1) Significant diagnostic pitfalls affect the diagnosis of MFD and, to a lesser extent, PFD in orthopedic centers and allied radiology and pathology facilities, which may be circumvented by the adoption of stringent diagnostic criteria, and in some cases by the analysis of FD-associated GNAS1 mutations. (2) MFD carries a significant risk for fracture in the face of limited disease in the proximal femur, whereas its tendency to progress is restricted to a minority of cases, and long-term outcome is usually satisfactory, regardless of treatment, in non-progressive cases. (3) The profile of tibial disease, both in MFD and in PFD, is markedly different from that of femoral disease. (4) As expected, MAS patients have the most extensive disease and the most complicated course, regularly experience multiple fractures, and require adequate surgical treatment. It appears that conservative treatment of femoral fracture, or curettage and cancellous bone grafting, or fixation with screws and plates are not indicated for the treatment of femoral fractures in these patients and should all be discouraged. Internal fixation with intramedullary nails provides stabilization of extensively affected bones, and prevents further fractures and major deformities, and thus providing a better option both for acute and elective surgery in patients with extensive involvement of the femur or of other limb long bones. (5) Evaluation of patients with FD at orthopedic centers should include, but rarely does, a thorough evaluation of endocrine profile and phosphate metabolism, and proper pathological and radiographic assessment.
New insights into the epidemiology of non-Hodgkin lymphoma and implications for therapy

Non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) comprises numerous biologically and clinically heterogeneous subtypes, with limited data examining the risk factors for these distinct disease entities. Many limitations exist when studying lymphoma epidemiology; therefore, until recently, little was known regarding the etiology of NHL subtypes. This review highlights the results of recent pooled analyses examining the risk factors for NHL subtypes. We outline the heterogeneity and commonality among the risk factors for NHL subtypes, with proposed subtype-specific as well as shared etiologic mechanisms. In addition, we describe how the study of lymphoma epidemiology may translate into prevention or therapeutic targeting as we continue to explore the complexities of lifestyle and genetic factors that impact lymphomagenesis.
Synchronization of amniotic fluid cells for high resolution cytogenetics

A high resolution technique was applied to amniotic fluid cells by synchronization. After inoculation, the cells were incubated for 30 h in the presence of either thymidine or 5‐bromodeoxyuridine (BrdU). After removal of the blocking agent and addition of a low concentration of thymidine, the cells were incubated for another 6 1/2–7 h, then harvested in prometaphase without colcemid. This technique gives a mitotic index of 3·7 per cent after thymidine synchronization and of 3·2 per cent after BrdU synchronization, and more than half of the mitoses were in the earlier phases with the chromosomes showing more than 550 bands per haploid set. GBG, GTG, and RHG prometaphases are presented. Precise high‐resolution banding of chromosomes of amniotic fluid cells can increase diagnostic accuracy.
Mortality Trends Associated with Acute Renal Failure Requiring Dialysis after CABG Surgery in the United States

Background/Aims: Acute renal failure is associated with a high risk of mortality when it complicates coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) surgery. We examined a large nationwide database from 1988 to 2003 and hypothesized that mortality in CABG-associated acute renal failure needing dialysis (ARF-D) had declined during this period. Methods: The Nationwide Inpatient Sample containing data on inpatient stays across 20% of US hospitals was used for our study. Multivariate logistic regression was used to determine an association between year and ARF-D mortality with standardized risk adjustment. Results: Incidence of ARF-D increased from 0.2 to 0.6% while mortality simultaneously decreased from 47.4% in 1988 to 29.7% in 2003. In the multivariable model, year was significantly associated with declining ARF-D mortality. Conclusions: The incidence of post-CABG ARF-D more than doubled from 1988 to 2003, while mortality simultaneously decreased by over one-third. Improved survival after ARF-D following CABG may be counterbalanced by increased morbidity and resource utilization.
An improved segmentation approach for planar surfaces from unstructured 3D point clouds

The extraction of object features from massive unstructured point clouds with different local densities, especially in the presence of random noisy points, is not a trivial task even if that feature is a planar surface. Segmentation is the most important step in the feature extraction process. In practice, most segmentation approaches use geometrical information to segment the 3D point cloud. The features generally include the position of each point (X, Y and Z), locally estimated surface normals and residuals of best fitting surfaces; however, these features could be affected by noisy points and in consequence directly affect the segmentation results. Therefore, massive unstructured and noisy point clouds also lead to bad segmentation (over‐segmentation, under‐segmentation or no segmentation). While the RANSAC (random sample consensus) algorithm is effective in the presence of noise and outliers, it has two significant disadvantages, namely, its efficiency and the fact that the plane detected by RANSAC may not necessarily belong to the same object surface; that is, spurious surfaces may appear, especially in the case of parallel‐gradual planar surfaces such as stairs. The innovative idea proposed in this paper is a modification for the RANSAC algorithm called Seq‐NV‐RANSAC. This algorithm checks the normal vector (NV) between the existing point clouds and the hypothesised RANSAC plane, which is created by three random points, under an intuitive threshold value. After extracting the first plane, this process is repeated sequentially (Seq) and automatically, until no planar surfaces can be extracted from the remaining points under the existing threshold value. This prevents the extraction of spurious surfaces, brings an improvement in quality to the computed attributes and increases the degree of automation of surface extraction. Thus the best fit is achieved for the real existing surfaces.
Medicinal Cupping Therapy in 30 Patients with Fibromyalgia: A Case Series Observation

Background: The aim of this study was to evaluate the therapeutic effect of traditional medicinal cupping for treatment of fibromyalgia. Methods: A prospective case series was conducted in 30 consecutive patients with fibromyalgia at an outpatient department in a hospital in Beijing. Patients were diagnosed according to the criteria set by the American College of Rheumatology (1990). A bamboo cup, boiled in herbal decoction for 5 min, was applied to Ashi points for 10 min once daily for 15 days. Pain, assessed via a 10-point visual analogue scale (VAS), and the number of tender points were recorded at baseline, 5, 10, 15 days, and 2 weeks following the final treatment. Results: At baseline, the average pain was 2.63 ± 0.73 on the VAS, and patients had an average of 13.5 ± 1.66 tender points. The pain scores decreased from baseline during treatment (2.22 ± 0.77 at 5 days, 1.78 ± 0.75 at 10 days, and 1.36 ± 0.76 at 15 days) as did the number of tender points (12.57 ± 2.25 at 5 days, 11.2 ± 2.50 at 10 days, 9.33 ± 2.89 at 15 days). A total of 29 patients completed follow-up 2 weeks after the final treatment, which suggested the reduction in pain and tender points was sustained (1.31 ± 0.76 for VAS; 9.07 ± 2.96 for pain points). There were no serious adverse effects as a result of cupping. Conclusions: Medicinal cupping therapy was associated with a reduction in fibromyalgia symptoms for both pain ratings and number of tender points. The findings from this case series should be tested in a controlled clinical trial.
Multi loop SEPIC Converter based Power factor correction with Hysteresis current control technique

In this paper, multiloop interleaved control (MISEPIC converter) in SEPIC converter is proposed, and it is combined with conventional multiloop control and the interleaved pulse width modulation scheme. The average behavior of the interleaved three-level switch-mode rectifier (SMR) behaves similar to the conventional boost-type SMR even though two capacitor voltages are imbalanced. It implies that conventional Multiloop control can be applied to the interleaved threelevel SMRs to achieve the desired power factor correction function and PI control is used to maintain the voltage to the load. The proposed MISEPIC converter is digitally implemented and verified in matlab simulation. KeywordsSEPIC Converter, hysteresis controller, PI controller, MISEPIC converter.
Evolution of Knowledge Encapsulated in Scientific Definitions

ANUMBER OF WRITERS HAVE OBSERVED that every Age of Man deludes itself in thinking it is the most enlightened in the history of the world.Although this no doubt applies to the biological scientific community in the first decade of the 21st century, confusion still abounds with respect to the definition of important scientific terms. An example: although one of the greatest scientific achievements of all time is said to be the much-heralded sequencing of the human genome, there is still no general agreement on the definition of a gene. This essay examines the changing history of two definitions of special importance in the biological sciences. It is reasonable to assume that as the essence of a scientific phenomenon or entity becomes elucidated over the course of many decades, its definition changes accordingly. Otherwise, we would hardly need new editions of diction-
Embodied inequality

A diverse group of scholars tackles the relationships between health care and social justice Inequality is core to virtually any Western conception of health justice. There is robust debate over which inequalities, if any, are unethical and over priority-setting among inequalities. Based on issues explored at a 2013 conference at the University of North Carolina Institute for Arts and Humanities, Understanding Health Inequalities and Justice represents one of the latest contributions to this conversation.
Piecing together the aggression puzzle: Testing the mediating variables linking early to later aggression

Results from several studies show that early aggression predicts later aggression; however, few studies have examined the mediating mechanisms in these relations. The paucity of research that has tested mediation found that aggressive motives and hostile attributions are important causal processes. This past work is limited by not measuring aggression multiple times throughout the study to test aggression change over time and the variables that mediate such change. The current study had participants (N = 90) interact with a same-sex confederate on a modified version of the Tangram Task-our measure of aggressive behavior-for three trials. At each trial, participants completed a measure of aggressive motivations, assigned tangram puzzles for their partner to solve, were provoked (or not) by their ostensible partner, and then completed an assessment of aggressive attributions regarding their partner's behavior. Results showed that, for provoked participants, the relation between Time 1 aggressive attributions predicted Time 3 aggressive behavior through the following temporal mediated pathway: Time 2 aggressive attributions, Time 2 aggressive behavior, and Time 3 aggressive motivations.
Androgens in men--uses and abuses.

The female steroid hormones, estrogen and progesterone, are prescribed widely by physicians, and their risks and benefits have been studied extensively. Although androgen preparations have been available for many years, most clinicians are less familiar with these hormones, and their risks and benefits have received less attention. The most common indication for androgen therapy is hypogonadism in men, but other potential uses of androgens are being explored. In addition, androgen abuse has become common among athletes and bodybuilders. It is therefore important that physicians be aware of the physiology, pharmacology, clinical indications, and adverse effects of androgens. Physiology The hypothalamus .
Potential of newly isolated wild Streptomyces strains as agents for the biodegradation of a recalcitrant pharmaceutical, carbamazepine

Carbamazepine (CBZ) is a recalcitrant xenobiotic pharmaceutical pollutant highly stable in soil and wastewater during treatment. The biodegradation of CBZ using streptomycetes has been few studied up to now. Sixteen newly filamentous bacteria belong to genus Streptomyces spp. isolated from different Romanian soil samples and three strains from a collection of microorganisms (MIUG) were morphologically characterized, tested based on their resistance against CBZ toxicity and then selected as agents for bioremediation. Five Streptomyces spp. strains coded MIUG 4.88, MIUG 4.89, SNA, LP1 and LP2 showed CBZ tolerance at all of the tested concentrations, i.e. 0.05, 0.2, 1, 5 and 8 mg L−1. Two of these (MIUG 4.89 and SNA strains) were selected based on their resistance to target compound and were then assessed for CBZ biodegradation. The strain Streptomyces MIUG 4.89 showed an interesting efficiency for CBZ removal, with a yield of 35% when it was cultivated in submerged conditions on a minimal medium supplemented with 5 g L−1 glucose. This ability was linked to extracellular laccase production. These results are promising for the use of these filamentous bacteria as bioremediation agents.
A history of research on yeasts 4: cytology part II, 1950–1990

Introduction . 745 Microscopy . 746 Cell wall . 748 Cell cycle and morphogenesis . 753 Nucleus . 757 Vacuole . 763 Mitochondria . 764 Conclusion . 766 Acknowledgements . 766 References . 766
Does Say-on-Pay (SoP) Affect CEO Compensation Following an M&A Deal?

This study examines the effectiveness of Say on Pay (SoP) regulation as a corporate governance mechanism in the context of M&A deals. Using a large sample of U.S. firms over the 2005-2017 period, this study finds that, in the post-SoP period, overall CEO pay growth rate declines and CEO pay to acquisition performance sensitivity improves following M&A activities. This supports ‘SoP governance’ hypothesis, which proposes that SoP regulation will restrict CEOs self-fulfilling behaviour. In a macro-economic set-up, the introduction of SoP regulation was intended to discipline top managers by giving shareholders an opportunity to express their opinion on CEO compensation. It was therefore expected that, in the post SoP-era, CEOs will experience a lower growth in their pay package following M&A deals. On the other hand, the relation between SOP voting approval rates and CEO compensation following M&A activities is unidirectional. Irrespective of the performance of M&A deals, it is observed that CEOs with higher shareholder voting approval experience a significant positive change in their compensation level after an M&A deal. We term this as a ‘reliable CEO’ hypothesis. According to the ‘reliable CEO hypothesis, a very high voting percentage may legitimize CEOs action and embolden CEOs to carry out more risky ventures such as M&As. Since there is an established relation between risk and return, shareholders would like CEOs to take appropriate risks to increase firm value. A reliable CEO, who enjoys a high degree of shareholders’ support, should not be penalized for taking more risky ventures that are intended to increase shareholders’ wealth. Our results confirm this viewpoint.
Energy Dependence of Tungsten-Dominated SEL Cross Sections

The energy dependence of proton-induced Single Event Latchup (SEL) failures is investigated for different Static Random Access Memories (SRAMs) and an Analog-to-Digital Converter (ADC) through experimental measurements in the 30-230 MeV range. It is observed that for several of them, the measurements are not compatible with a saturation below the maximum energy tested. A Monte Carlo based model is proposed that explains the observed cross section increase through the presence of tungsten near the sensitive region and is used to extrapolate the SEL cross section to larger energies. The significant cross section increases expected by the model up to 3 GeV are quantified and discussed, potentially having a strong impact on the failure rate for energetic environments such as high-energy accelerators or the avionics contexts.
Got Phished! Role of Top Management Support in Creating Phishing Safe Organizations

In this research, we examine the role of top management involvement in creating phishing awareness in an organization. This study deploys field study experiment with phishing deception. The study was carried out in two phases – phase 1 involved training the employee-participants of a Midwestern US University randomly using two different phishing awareness training videos – one showcasing chancellor of a Midwestern University, and another one showcasing a newly hired IT officer. Phase 2 involved three phishing attacks with varying regarding the degree of sophistication (or social engineering). The results show that there is a significant positive impact of perceived top management involvement in creating phishing awareness and preventing employees from getting phished. The paper concludes by discussing theoretical and managerial implications.
Hodgkin's Lymphoma: From Tumor Microenvironment to Immunotherapeutic Approach - Body's Own Power Protection Challenges

Marylene Lejeune1, Luis de la Cruz-Merino2 and Tomas Alvaro3 1Molecular Biology and Research Section, Hospital de Tortosa Verge de la Cinta, IISPV, URV, 2Clinical Oncology Department, Hospital Universitario Virgen Macarena, Sevilla, Member of the Grupo Oncologico para el Tratamiento de las Enfermedades Linfoides (GOTEL), 3Pathology Department, Hospital de Tortosa Verge de la Cinta, IISPV, URV, Spain
Facial Nerve Hemangioma of the Middle Ear

Facial nerve hemangioma accounts for 0.7% of all intratemporal tumors. ' It can arise from any segment of the facial nerve. Facial nerve hemangioma occurs at three sites; in decreasing order of frequency, they are the geniculate region, the distal internal auditory canal, and the mastoid segment at the departure of the chorda tympani nerve. ' We evaluated a 39-year-old woman who had presented with a 2-year history of progressive rightsided facial weakness (House-Brackmann grade V). Examination detected a reddish-blue vascular mass behind the tympanic membrane that filled the pos terosuperior part of the right tympanic cavity (figure 1). Audiometry documented a mild conductive hearing loss on the right. High-resolut ion computed tomography (CT) demonstrated an 18 x 5.6-mm lesion at the posterior genu of the facial nerve that obliterated the oval win dow (figure 2, A). Th is lesion featured discrete intratumoral bony spicules that had a honeycomb appearance. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) documented a bright enhancement with gadolinium on Tl -weighted imaging (figur e 2, B). The tumor was excised via a transmastoid/trans tympanic approach. Separation of the nerve from the tumor was not feasible, so the tumor was removed together with the facial nerve genu. Following tumor removal, the continuity of the facial nerve was restored with a sural nerve graft. Histopathologic studies confirmed the diagnosis of a hemangioma. At 14 months postoperatively, the patient's facial function had improved to House-Brackmann grade III. Despite the rarity of facial nerve hemangiomas, the presence of a facial ner ve function deficit-especially Figure 1. Otoscopy shows the reddish-blue vascular mass behind the tympanic membrane.
Survey Interleukin-17 family and IL-17 receptors

Interleukin-17 (IL-17) is a pro-inflammatory cytokine secreted by activated T-cells. Recently discovered related molecules are forming a family of cytokines, the IL-17 family. The prototype member of the family has been designated IL-17A. Due to recent advances in the human genome sequencing and proteomics five additional members have been identified and cloned: IL-17B, IL-17C, IL-17D, IL-17E and IL-17F. The cognate receptors for the IL-17 family identified thus far are: IL-17R, IL-17RH1, IL-17RL (receptor like), IL-17RD and IL-17RE. However, the ligand specificities of many of these receptors have not been established. The IL-17 signaling system is operative in disparate tissues such as articular cartilage, bone, meniscus, brain, hematopoietic tissue, kidney, lung, skin and intestine. Thus, the evolving IL-17 family of ligands and receptors may play an important role in the homeostasis of tissues in health and disease beyond the immune system. This survey reviews the biological actions of IL-17 signaling in cancers, musculoskeletal tissues, the immune system and other tissues. © 2003 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved.
Consid{é}rant la d{é}pendance dans la th{é}orie des fonctions de croyance

In this paper, we propose to learn sources independence in order to choose the appropriate type of combination rules when aggregating their beliefs. Some combination rules are used with the assumption of their sources independence whereas others combine beliefs of dependent sources. Therefore, the choice of the combination rule depends on the independence of sources involved in the combination. In this paper, we propose also a measure of independence, positive and negative dependence to integrate in mass functions before the combinaision with the independence assumption.
Birth order and sibship size as independent risk factors for asthma, allergy, and eczema

This study was carried out to disentangle the independent relations of birth order and sibship size with the presence of asthma, allergy and eczema. In a retrospective study, 700 families in the Netherlands were selected with index children born in 1988–90. Data were extracted from reports of health examinations at the age of 6 years of these children and their siblings. Birth order, and not sibship size, appeared to be a strong risk factor for allergy (excluding eczema). Children with higher birth order had a lower risk of allergy compared with first‐borns (adjusted odds ratios: 0.43, 0.26 and 0.05 for second‐, third‐ and fourth‐ or higher borns, respectively; p < 0.0001). Allergy including eczema also had a significant relation with birth order (p = 0.01). For asthma there appeared no clear relation with birth order. For asthma a non‐significant relationship with sibship size (adjusted for birth order) was found (p = 0.06): first‐born children in small sibships were more at risk than those in larger sibships. For allergy and eczema no such trend was observed. In conclusion, birth order is inversely related to the risk of allergy, independent of the size of the sibship.