Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Title Coherent risk measures for derivatives under Black-ScholesEconomy

This paper proposes a risk measure for a portfolio of European-style derivative securities over a fixed time horizon under the Black-Scholes economy. The proposed risk measure is scenario-based along the same line as Artzner et al. (1999). The risk measure is constructed by using the risk-neutral probability (Q-measure), the physical probability (P-measure) and a family of subjective probability measures. The subjective probabilities are introduced by using Girsanov’s theorem. In this way, we provide risk managers or regulators with the flexibility of adjusting the risk measure according to their risk preferences and subjective beliefs. The advantages of the proposed measure are that it is easy to implement and that it satisfies the four desirable properties introduced in Artzner et al. (1999), which make it a coherent risk measure. Finally, we incorporate the presence of transaction costs into our framework.
NOMINAL EXCHANGE RATE MISALIGNMENT: IS IT PARTICULARLY IMPORTANT TO AGRICULTURAL TRADE?

This paper examines whether exchange rate misalignment negatively affects agricultural trade, compared to other industry sectors. Nominal exchange rate misalignment is obtained from the percentage deviation of real exchange rates from their long-run equilibrium based on the theory of purchasing power parity. In order to explore this issue, a bilateral trade matrix involving trade flows between 10 developed countries is constructed. Using panel data analysis, a gravity model is estimated for 4 industry sectors over the period 1974-1999. The study finds that over-valuation (under-valuation) of the nominal exchange rate negatively (positively) affects export performance of the agricultural sector in particular. In the large-scale manufacturing sectors considered in this paper, exports are not significantly affected by exchange rate misalignment.
Emotion Detection of Tweets in Indonesian Language using Non-Negative Matrix Factorization

Emotion detection is an application that is widely used in social media for industrial environment, health, and security problems. Twitter is ashort text messageknown as tweet. Based on content and purposes, the tweet can describes as information about a user"s emotion. Emotion detection by means oftweet, is a challenging problem because only a few features can be extracted. Getting features related to emotion is important at the first phase of extraction, so the appropriate features such as a hashtag, emoji, emoticon, and adjective terms are needed. We propose a new method for analyzing the linkages among features and reducedsemantically using Non- Negative Matrix Factorization (NMF). The dataset is taken from a Twitter application using Indonesian language with normalization of informal terms in advance. There are 764 tweets in corpus which have five emotions, i.e. happy (senang), angry (marah), fear (takut), sad (sedih), and surprise(terkejut). Then, the percentage of user"s emotion is computed by k- Nearest Neighbor(kNN) approach. Our proposed model achieves the problem of emotion detectionwhich is proved by the result near ground truth.
Ecological resources within Advaita Vedanta

vii CHAPTER PAGE INTRODUCTION. 1 I. ADVAITA VEDANTA: A BRIEF INTRODUCTION.5 Creation in Advaita Vedanta.5 The Status of the World and God in Advaita Vedanta. 7 Liberation in Advaita Vedanta. 8 The Status of Ethics in Advaita Vedanta.9 II. NATURE AND THE QUESTION OF VALUE. 11 The Concept of Brahman as a Foundation for Reverence. 13 The Upanishads and Deep Ecology.13 The Bhagavad Gita and Deep Ecology.16 The Brahma Sutras and Deep Ecology.19 The Writings of Sankara and Deep Ecology.19 Karma Theory as a Foundation for Interconnection and Moral Responsibility. 21 Emanationism as a Foundation for Moral Egalitarianism. 23 Deep Ecology Today and Its Origins. 24
Transient Cherenkov radiation from an inhomogeneous string excited by an ultrashort laser pulse at superluminal velocity

The optical response of a one-dimensional string made of dipoles with a periodically varying density excited by a spot of light moving along the string at superluminal (subluminal) velocity is studied theoretically. The Cherenkov radiation in such a system is rather unusual, possessing both transient and resonant character. We show that, under certain conditions, in addition to the resonant Cherenkov peak, another Doppler-like frequency appears in the radiation spectrum. Both linear (small-signal) and nonlinear regimes as well as different string topologies are considered.
Platelet Count In Preeclampsia

Preeclampsia is one of the most leading causes of maternal mortality in developing countries like Bangladesh. Several studies have demonstrated the relationship between platelets count and preeclampsia. The aim of the study was to assess the association of platelets count with preeclampsia. A case control study was conducted in the Department of Biochemistry, Dhaka Medical College, Dhaka from July 2010 to June 2011. A total number of 100 pregnant women in third trimester of pregnancy attending in Obstetrics & Gynaecology Department of Dhaka Medical Hospital were selected as study subjects. Among them 50 diagnosed cases of preeclampsia were selected as cases and 50 normal healthy pregnant women as controls. Platelet count was measured in all study subjects. The mean platelet count in cases and controls were 1,44,260±96,472 and 1,98,100±51,219 respectively. The present study showed significant difference of mean platelet count between cases and controls. The study revealed that low platelets count is associated with preeclampsias. DOI: http://dx.doi. org/10.3329/jdnmch.v18i2. 16018 J. Dhaka National Med. Coll. Hos. 2012; 18 (02): 24-26
Impacts of the variability of Second-year ice types on the decline of the Arctic perennial Sea-ice cover

Abstract The observed rapid decline in the Arctic perennial ice cover is one of the most remarkable Signals of change in the Arctic region. Updated data now Show an even higher rate of decline of 9.8% decade–1 (1978–2005) than the previous report of 8.9% decade–1 (1978–2000). To gain insights into this decline, the variability of the Second-year ice, which is the relatively thin component of the perennial ice cover, is Studied. The perennial ice cover in the 1990s was observed to be highly variable, leading to relatively high production of Second-year ice that may in part explain the observed ice thinning during the period and have triggered further decline. The microwave Signature of Second-year ice is Shown to be different from that of the older multi-year ice types and, Surprisingly, more Similar to that of first-year ice. This in part explains why previous estimates of the area of multi-year ice during the winter period are considerably lower than the area of the perennial ice cover during the preceding Summer. Analysis of multichannel cluster maps in conjunction with Submarine ice-draft data indicates ability to detect regions covered primarily by Second-year ice and hence to infer ice-thickness information from the microwave data. The periodic increase of Second-year ice in the 1990s was apparently followed by continuous decline due in part to anomolously warm temperatures during the latter period that Shortened the ice Season and kept first-year ice from getting thick enough to Survive the Summer and become Second year ice.
GENETIC AND IMMUNOLOGICAL MARKERS OF SENSITIVITY AND EFFECT IN WORKERS OF POTASSIUM INDUSTRIES EXPOSED TO PRODUCTION RISK FACTORS

An assessment of the immunological and genetic markers in the employees of the potassium industry showed that combined exposure to hazardous production factors (sylvinite dust, noise) can result in higher production of the markers of immune cytokine regulation: tumor necrosis factor (TNFalpha) and vascular epithelial growth factor (VEGF) as well as modified polymorphism of the encoding gene segments in the form of a higher prevalence of variant gene alleles due to minor homozygous (VEGF) and heterozygous (TNFalpha) genotypes. The polymorphism of detoxification genes CYP1A1, CPOX is characterized by specific differences with the comparison group. The TNFаalpha, VEGF, CYP1A1, and CPOX genes were recommended as sensitivity markers, and the encoded cytokine (tumor necrosis factor and endothelial growth factor) – as the effect markers for a health assessment study among the employees of the potassium industry.
Cropping Systems Rsearch: Reconsidering Agricultural Experimental Approaches

SUMMARY. Systems approaches to research can be used to study characteristics of agricultural systems that cannot be addressed using conventional factorial experiments. The goal of a factorial experiment is to break down a complex system in order to isolate and study specific components and identify cause‐effect relationships. In contrast, systems experiments aim to understand how a complex system functions as a whole and thus requires that intact systems be studied. Two approaches have been successfully applied to agricultural systems research: 1) field station experiments where simulated cropping systems are established in replicated plots and 2) studies of intact agroecosystems using commercial farms as study sites. These two approaches have complementary strengths and limitations and have made significant contributions to our understanding of ecological processes in agricultural systems. The development of sustainable agroecosystems will be best accomplished using an integrated research approach combining systems experiments with appropriately designed factorial experiments. he concept of an agroecosystem evolved through extension of the ecosystem paradigm, a central organizing principle in ecol ogy, to agriculture (Lowrance et al., 1984). A system is defined as a group of interrelated elements forming a functional entity that is more than the sum of its parts. Therefore, an ecosystem is an assemblage of organisms and their physical environment that is largely selfregulating and is shaped by species‐species and species‐environment interactions. An agroecosystem is a managed ecosystem in which crop production is the primary function. Ecosystems research aims to understand the role of structure (abiotic and biotic components) in determining function (net primary productivity, nutrient and energy flows). Studies of agroecosystems attempt to understand the role of structure and management in determining function. The central underlying assumption of a systems approach is that agroecosystems are complex, and interrelationships among environmental conditions, management, and biological processes are important in determining outcomes such as yield, pest pressure, and environmental impacts. Experiments are often designed to study processes at multiple spatial and temporal scales and usually require the involvement of a multidisciplinary research team (Table 1). Perhaps the most important defining characteristic of agroecosystem studies is that they offer the opportunity to test broad, integrated hypotheses.
Standardization of Modified Dosage Form of Lodhradi Kashaya Prepared by Two Different Techniques

Introduction: Time‑dependent advancement in dosage form has been required to stay in competitive market and to provide ease of administration to the patients. Standardization, a tool to ensure quality and safety among consumer is primary concern during the preparation of any drug. Lodhradi Kashaya (formulation mentioned in Basavarajiyam and Vaidya Chintamani for diabetes mellitus) is decoction dosage form, so the demand versus supply has been questioned against its stability period. Hence, modification in the dosage form was attempted to ensure stability period, and thus, powder dosage form has been prepared. Aim: Standardization of modified dosage form of Lodhradi Kashaya has been done to ensure quality of finished drug. Materials and Methods: Two sample were prepared, one is by following the traditional method of Ayurveda followed by drying and grinding to get fine powder (LKLB). In second sample decoction was prepared by following continuous aqueous extraction and dried with spray drier technology to get fine powder (LKSD). Both the samples were standardized over several physicochemical testing, organoleptic properties along with microbial load and heavy metal content. Results: The comparative result was interpreted in this paper, major highlight are color and fineness of both powder was found different. No much variation in the physicochemical parameter. Microbial load of LKLB was much higher than LKSD but found within limit. Heavy metal content was found within the limit prescribed in The Ayurvedic Pharmacopoeia of India. Conclusion: Both the samples were standardized and quality of the modified dosage form of Lodhradi Kashaya has been assured.
Using panel data for partial identification of human immunodeficiency virus prevalence when infection status is missing not at random

Population‐based surveys are often considered the ‘gold standard’ to estimate the prevalence of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) but typically suffer from serious missing data problems. This causes considerable uncertainty about HIV prevalence. Following the partial identification approach, we produce worst‐case bounds for HIV prevalence. We then exploit the availability of panel data and the absorbing nature of HIV infection to narrow the width of these bounds. Applied to panel data from rural Malawi, our approach considerably reduces the width of the worst‐case bounds. It also allows us to check the credibility of the additional assumptions that are imposed by methods that point‐identify HIV prevalence.
Buckling Analysis of a Rotationally Restrained Single Walled Carbon Nanotube

This paper presents an analytical formulation of nonlocal elasticity theory for the buckling analysis of simply supported carbon nanotubes with rotational springs at both ends. The lateral displacement function is represented by a Fourier sine series expansion. Stoke's transformation is applied to construct the coe cient matrix of the corresponding systems of linear equations. This matrix gives more exibility in boundary conditions. The accuracy of proposed method is validated for three well-known boundary conditions available in the literature. A very good agreement has been obtained. The present method permits to have more e cient stability matrix for calculating the buckling loads of carbon nanotubes with any desired boundary conditions.
ELECTRONIC AND MAGNETIC PROPERTIES OF 3D TRANSITION-METAL ATOM ADSORBED GRAPHENE AND GRAPHENE NANORIBBONS

In this paper, we theoretically studied the electronic and magnetic properties of graphene and graphene nanoribbons functionalized by 3d transition-metal TM atoms. The binding energies and electronic and magnetic properties were investigated for the cases where TM atoms adsorbed to a single side and double sides of graphene. We found that 3d TM atoms can be adsorbed on graphene with binding energies ranging between 0.10 and 1.95 eV depending on their species and coverage density. Upon TM atom adsorption, graphene becomes a magnetic metal. TM atoms can also be adsorbed on graphene nanoribbons with armchair edge shapes AGNR’s . Binding of TM atoms to the edge hexagons of AGNR yields the minimum energy state for all TM atom species examined in this work and in all ribbon widths under consideration. Depending on the ribbon width and adsorbed TM atom species, AGNR, which is a nonmagnetic semiconductor, can either be a metal or a semiconductor with ferromagnetic or antiferromagnetic spin alignment. Interestingly, Fe or Ti adsorption makes certain AGNR’s half-metallic with a 100% spin polarization at the Fermi level. Present results indicate that the properties of graphene and graphene nanoribbons can be strongly modified through the adsorption of 3d TM atoms.
Affinity Based Search Amount Control in Decomposition Based Evolutionary Multi-Objective Optimization

This work proposes a search amount control method on each search part of the Pareto front in decomposition based evolutionary multiobjective optimization. The conventional MOEA/DC decomposes the Pareto front with a set of weight vectors and pairs one solution with each weight vector to approximate the entire Pareto front with the set of solutions. Well-matched pairs of weight vector and solution contribute to uniformly approximating the Pareto front, and mismatched pairs having a long distance between weight vector and solution in the objective space deteriorate the approximation quality and the search. To eliminate mismatched pairs and improve the search performance, this work proposes affinity based search amount control method for MOEA/DC. Experimental results using continuous WFG4 test problems with 2-5 objectives show that the proposed method improves the well-matched pair ratio in all pairs of weight vector and solution and the search performance. CCS Concepts •Computing methodologies → Optimization algorithms; •Artificial intelligence → Search methodologies;
The older cluster replacement rule and the parallel replacement problem

The Parallel Replacement Problem (PRP) requires replacement schedules for situations where assets are economically interdependent and operate in parallel. Previous research has developed dynamic programming algorithms which have been shown to be efficient under two rules, including the Older Cluster Replacement Rule (OCRR) where older assets are replaced before newer assets. However, this rule requires strict assumptions concerning the lifetime operating costs and salvage values of assets. In this thesis, we show that the OCRR is valid in many situations under the assumptions of homogeneous assets and stationary costs. The results are dependent on the economic life of a cluster, or optimal time to replace a cluster given that the decision is independent of other clusters. We also investigate various aspects of economic life and its implications in the PRP.
A 70‐kyr sea surface temperature record off southern Chile (Ocean Drilling Program Site 1233)

[1] We present the first high-resolution alkenone-derived sea surface temperature (SST) reconstruction in the southeast Pacific (Ocean Drilling Program Site 1233) covering the major part of the last glacial period and the Holocene. The record shows a clear millennial-scale pattern that is very similar to climate fluctuations observed in Antarctic ice cores, suggesting that the Southern Hemisphere high-latitude climate changes extended into the midlatitudes, involving simultaneous changes in air temperatures over Antarctica, sea ice extent, extension of the Antarctic Circumpolar Current, and westerly atmospheric circulation. A comparison to other midlatitude surface ocean records suggests that this “Antarctic” millennial-scale pattern was probably a hemisphere-wide phenomenon. In addition, we performed SST gradient reconstructions over the complete latitudinal range of the Pacific Eastern Boundary Current System for different time intervals during the last 70 kyr. The main results suggest an equatorward displaced subtropical gyre circulation during marine isotope stages 2 and 4.
Construction of Extended Steiner Systems for Information Retrieval

A multiset batch code is a variation of information retrieval where a t-multiset of items can be retrieved by reading at most one bit from each server. We study a problem at the other end of the spectrum, namely that of retrieving a t-multiset of items by accessing exactly one server. Our solution to the problem is a combinatorial notion called an extended Steiner system, which was first studied by Johnson and Mendelsohn [11]. An extended Steiner system ES(t, k , v ) is a collection of k-multisets (thus, allowing repetition of elements in a block) of a v -set such that every t-multiset belongs to exactly one block. An extended triple system, with t = 2 and k = 3, has been investigated and constructed previously [3, 11]. We study extended systems over v elements with k = t + 1, denoted as ES(t, t + 1, v ). We show constructions of ES(t, t + 1, v ) for all t 3 and v t + 1.
ULTRABROADBAND DIODE-LIKE ASYMMETRIC TRANSMISSION AND HIGH-EFFICIENCY CROSS-POLARIZATION CONVERSION BASED ON COMPOSITE CHIRAL METAMATERIAL

In this paper, a three layer composite chiral metamaterial (CCMM) is proposed to achieve diode-like asymmetric transmission and high-efficiency cross-polarization conversion by 90◦ polarization rotation with ultrabroadband range in microwave region, which was verified by simulation and experiment. This CCMM is composed of a disk-split-ring (DSR) structure sandwiched between two twisted sub-wavelength metal grating structures. The simulation agrees well with experiment in principle. The simulation results indicate that the incident y(x)-polarized wave propagation along the −z(+z) direction through the CCMM slab is still linearly polarized wave with high purity, but the polarization direction is rotated by ±90◦, and the polarization conversion ratio (PCR) is greater than 90% in the frequency range of 4.36–14.91 GHz. In addition, in the above frequency range, the asymmetric transmission coefficient (Δlin) and the total transmittance (Tx) for x-polarized wave propagation along the −z axis direction are both over 0.8. Finally, the above experiment and simulation results were further verified by the electric field distribution characteristics of the CCMM unit-cell structure. Our design will provide an important reference for the practical applications of the CCMM for polarization manipulation.
SPIDER - VI. The central dark matter content of luminous early-type galaxies: benchmark correlations with mass, structural parameters and environment

We analyse the central dark-matter (DM) content of ∼4500 massive (M★ ≳ 1010 M⊙), low-redshift (z < 0.1), early-type galaxies (ETGs), with high-quality ugrizY JHK photometry and optical spectroscopy from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey and the UKIRT Infrared Deep Sky Survey (UKIDSS). We estimate the ‘central’ fraction of DM within the K-band effective radius, Reff, using spherically symmetric isotropic galaxy models. We discuss the role of systematics in stellar mass estimates, dynamical modelling, and velocity dispersion anisotropy. The main results of the present work are the following: (1) DM fractions increase systematically with both structural parameters (i.e. Reff and Sersic index, n) and mass proxies (central velocity dispersion, stellar and dynamical mass), as in previous studies, and decrease with central stellar density. (2) All correlations involving DM fractions are caused by two fundamental ones with galaxy effective radius and central velocity dispersion. These correlations are independent of each other, so that ETGs populate a central-DM plane (DMP), i.e. a correlation among fraction of total-to-stellar mass, effective radius, and velocity dispersion, whose scatter along the total-to-stellar mass axis amounts to ∼0.15 dex. (3) In general, under the assumption of an isothermal or a constant M/L profile for the total mass distribution, a Chabrier initial mass function (IMF) is favoured with respect to a bottom-heavier Salpeter IMF, as the latter produces negative (i.e. unphysical) DM fractions for more than 50 per cent of the galaxies in our sample. For a Chabrier IMF, the DM estimates agree with Λ cold dark matter toy-galaxy models based on contracted DM-halo density profiles. We also find agreement with predictions from hydrodynamical simulations. (4) The central DM content of ETGs does not depend significantly on the environment where galaxies reside, with group and field ETGs having similar DM trends.