Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Total Intravenous Anaesthesia 2017 : guidelines for safe practice

1. Consultant, Department of Anaesthesia, Royal Infirmary of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK. Society for Intravenous Anaesthesia. Co-chair of the guideline working party. 2. Professor, Department of Anesthesiology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, The Netherlands. Society for Intravenous Anaesthesia. 3. Consultant, Department of Anaesthesia, Birmingham Children's Hospital, Birmingham, UK. Association of Paediatric Anaesthetists of Great Britain and Ireland. 4. Consultant, Department of Anaesthesia, Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust, Nottingham. UK. Society for Intravenous Anaesthesia 5. Professor, Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care Medicine, Royal United Hospital NHS Trust, Bath, UK. Royal College of Anaesthetists. 6. Anaesthetic Registrar, Oxford School of Anaesthesia, UK. Group of Anaesthetists in Training. 7. Consultant, Department of Anaesthesia, Mid Western Regional Hospital, Dooradoyle, Limerick, Ireland. College of Anaesthetists of Ireland. 8. Consultant, Department of Anaesthesia, Derby Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Derby, UK; Society for Intravenous Anaesthesia. 9. Consultant, Department of Anaesthesia, North Bristol NHS Trust, Bristol, UK. Association of Anaesthetists of Great Britain and Ireland. Co-chair of the guideline working party. 10. Consultant, Department of Anaesthesia and Critical Care, University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham, UK. Intensive Care Society. 11. Consultant, Department of Anaesthesia, Sheffield Teaching Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, Sheffield, UK. Editor, Anaesthesia.
Sampling the uniform distribution

Most Monte Carlo sampling or integration techniques assume a “random number generator,” which generates uniform statistically independent values on the half open interval [0, 1); for reviews see, e.g., [1,2]. Uniform random number generators are available in software libraries such as CERNLIB [3], CLHEP [4], and ROOT [5]. For example, in addition to a basic congruential generator TRandom (see below), ROOT provides three more sophisticated routines: TRandom1 implements the RANLUX generator [6] based on the method by Lüscher, and allows the user to select different quality levels, trading off quality with speed; TRandom2 is based on the maximally equidistributed combined Tausworthe generator by L’Ecuyer [7]; the TRandom3 generator implements the Mersenne twister algorithm of Matsumoto and Nishimura [8]. All of the algorithms produce a periodic sequence of numbers, and to obtain effectively random values, one must not use more than a small subset of a single period. The Mersenne twister algorithm has an extremely long period of 2 − 1. The performance of the generators can be investigated with tests such as DIEHARD [9] or TestU01 [10]. Many commonly available congruential generators fail these tests and often have sequences (typically with periods less than 2), which can be easily exhausted on modern computers. A short period is a problem for the TRandom generator in ROOT, which, however, has the advantage that its state is stored in a single 32-bit word. The generators TRandom1, TRandom2, or TRandom3 have much longer periods, with TRandom3 being recommended by the ROOT authors as providing the best combination of speed and good random properties. For further information see, e.g., Ref. 11.
Winter greenhouse gas fluxes (CO 2 , CH 4 and N 2 O) from a subalpine grassland

Although greenhouse gas emissions during winter contribute significantly to annual balances, their quantification is still highly uncertain in snow-covered ecosystems. Here, carbon dioxide (CO 2 ), methane (CH 4 ) and nitrous oxide (N 2 O) fluxes were measured at a subalpine managed grassland in Switzerland using concentration gradients within the snowpack (CO 2 , CH 4 , N 2 O) and the eddy covariance method (CO 2 ) during the winter 2010/2011. Our objectives were (1) to identify the temporal and spatial variation of greenhouse gases (GHGs) and their drivers, and (2) to estimate the GHG budget of the site during this specific season (1 December–31 March, 121 days). Mean winter fluxes (December–March) based on the gradient method were 0.77 ± 0.54 μmol m −2 s −1 for CO 2 (1.19 ± 1.05 μmol m −2 s −1 measured by eddy covariance), −0.14 ± 0.09 nmol m −2 s −1 for CH 4 and 0.23 ± 0.23 nmol m −2 s −1 for N 2 O, respectively. In comparison with the CO 2 fluxes measured by eddy covariance, the gradient technique underestimated the effluxes by 50%. While CO 2 and CH 4 fluxes decreased with the progressing winter season, N 2 O fluxes did not follow a seasonal pattern. The major variables correlating with the fluxes of CO 2 and CH 4 were soil temperature and snow water equivalent, which is based on snow height and snow density. N 2 O fluxes were only explained poorly by any of the measured environmental variables. Spatial variability across the valley floor was smallest for CO 2 and largest for N 2 O. During the winter season 2010/2011, greenhouse gas fluxes ranged between 550 ± 540 g CO 2 m −2 estimated by the eddy covariance approach and 543 ± 247 g CO 2 m −2 , −0.4 ± 0.01 g CH 4 m −2 and 0.11 ± 0.1 g N 2 O m −2 derived by the gradient technique. Total seasonal greenhouse gas emissions from the grassland were between 574 ± 276 and 581 ± 569 g CO 2 eq. m −2 , with N 2 O contributing 5% to the overall budget and CH 4 reducing the budget by 0.1%. Cumulative budgets of CO 2 were smaller than emissions reported for other subalpine meadows in the Swiss Alps and the Rocky Mountains. Further investigations on the GHG exchange of grasslands in winter are needed in order to (1) deepen our currently limited knowledge on the environmental drivers of each GHG, (2) to thoroughly constrain annual balances, and (3) to project possible changes in GHG flux magnitude with expected shorter and warmer winter periods.
Untersuchungen zur diffusionsgewichteten MRT (DWI) in der Bestrahlungsplanung des nicht-kleinzelligen Bronchialkarzinoms

7 I. Einleitung . 9 Grundlagen und Entwicklung der Magnetresonanztomographie . 9 Signalentstehung . 13 Diffusionsbildgebung . 15 Apparent Diffusion Coefficient ADC 16 Diffusion Weighted Imaging – DWI . 17 Auswertung von Diffusionsbildern . 18 Diffusion in Tumoren . 19 Grundzüge der Therapie des NSCLC 20 Fragestellung . 22 II. Material und Methoden . 25 Das Patientengut . 25 Gewinnen des Bildmaterials . 26 Konturierung der Primärtumoren . 28 Methodik des Vergleichs der GTV . 29 Analyse der Datensätze mit 3D-Slicer 30 Vergleichsparameter . 33 Hausdorff-Distanz . 33 Dice-Koeffizient . 34 III. Ergebnisse . 36 Medizinische Parameter der Patienten 36 Tumorcharakteristika . 37 Übereinstimmung im Staging von PET-CT und DWI . 38 Volumetrische Analyse der Tumoren . 38 Räumliche Übereinstimmung: Hausdorff-Distanz, Dice Koeffizient . 42 Einzeldarstellungen der Fälle . 43 Diskussion . 62 Fazit . 66 Veröffentlichungen . 66 IV. Anhang . 67 Einteilung der Tumorstadien des NSCLC . 67 Literaturverzeichnis . 69 Danksagung . 75 Dissertation von Michael Jelden 5
Fe b 20 18 Investigating quantum wireless multihop teleportation under decoherence

Marlon David González Ramı́rez, Christian Nwachioma, 1 Adenike Grace Adepoju, and Babatunde James Falaye † CIDETEC, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, UPALM, CDMX 07700, Mexico Department of Physics, COMSATS Institute of Information Technology, Park Road, Islamabad 45550, Pakistan. Applied Theoretical Physics Division, Department of Physics, Federal University Lafia, P. M. B. 146, Lafia, Nigeria (Dated: February 27, 2018)
Managing treatment-related peripheral neuropathy in patients with multiple myeloma

Peripheral neuropathy is one of the most important complications of multiple myeloma treatment. Neurological damage can be observed at the onset of the disease, due to the effect of monoclonal protein or radicular compression, but more often is treatment related. Vinca alkaloids in the past era, and more recently, thalidomide and bortezomib are mainly responsible. Degeneration of dorsal root ganglion is common, prevalently related to angiogenesis inhibition and cytokine modulation in the case of thalidomide and inhibition of the ubiquitin proteasome system in the case of bortezomib. Sensory neuropathy and neuropathic pain are more common; motor neuropathy and autonomic damage are less frequently observed. Neurotoxicity often affects patient’s quality of life and requires dose modification or withdrawal of therapy, with a possible effect on the overall response. A prompt recognition of predisposing factors (such as diabetes mellitus, alcohol abuse, vitamin deficiencies, or viral infections) and appearance of signs and symptoms, through a periodic neurological assessment with appropriate scales, is extremely important. Effective management of treatment at the emergence of peripheral neuropathy can minimize the incidence and severity of this complication and preserve therapeutic efficacy. Dose adjustment could be necessary during treatment; moreover, gabapentin or pregabalin, tricyclic antidepressants, serotonin and norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors, carbamazepine, and opioid-type analgesics are suggested according to the pain severity. Some authors reported that patients who develop peripheral neuropathy during their multiple myeloma treatments presented a particular gene expression profile; therefore, future studies could be helpful for a better understanding of possible biological pathways underlying neurotoxicity.
Teachers' Level of Awareness of 21st Century Occupational Roles in Rivers State Secondary Schools.

This study investigated the teachers’ level of awareness of 21 st century occupational roles in Rivers state secondary schools. Three research questions and three hypotheses guided the study. The population of study comprised of 247 public secondary schools and 57 private secondary schools in Port Harcourt metropolis of Rivers state which gave a total number of 9413 participants. The sample size for the study was 860 teachers selected by using the stratified random sampling, simple random sampling and the purposive sampling techniques. Instrument used was the questionnaire titled Teachers’ level of awareness of 21 st century occupational roles questionnaire (TLATCORQ) and personally designed by the researcher using a modified Likert scale of four points. Face and content validities were carried out on the instrument. A reliability test using Cronbach alpha technique which gave an index of 0.80, was also conducted . Mean and rank order statistics were used to answer the research questions while the z-test was used to analyse the hypotheses at 0.05 alpha level. Findings revealed that teachers’ level of awareness of 21 st century occupational roles is just moderate and not very encouraging, teachers do not use technology in classroom instruction and the 21 st century environment has affected the areas of instructional materials, teaching strategies and others. Based on the findings, it was recommended that teachers be allowed to form self-development groups involving more technologically competent colleagues and that professional development programmes organized by the government for teachers should be more strategic and transformative in content and direction focusing more on 21 st century skills and ICT based teaching and learning strategies.
Impact of Neem Seed Cake on Soil Microflora and Some Soil Properties

Asereis of Laboratory experiments was conducted to evaluate the effects of Neem seed cake on the main groups of soil microflora and some soil properties. Soil samples were collected from El Rawakeeb Desertification Research Station Farm. Four treatments,replicated three times, were included with the application of 0, 2, 4 and 6 mg of Neem seed cake calculated as 0, 5, 10 and 15% of the basal dose of urea (40 mg/ bottle). A composition of 60 grams soil, Urea, Neem seed cake and a moisture level of 2/3 field capacity were incubated at room temperature. After 2, 4, 6 and 8 weeks from incubation soil samples were with drawn for determination of soil microflora. At the end of incubation , soil samples were taken for determination of exchangeable calcium, iron, manganese, copper and zinc. Another experiment was conducted with the same components and under the same conditions for the determination of electrical conductivity in 1:5 soil water ratio after 1,3,7,9,13 and 19 days. The results revealed that Neem seed cake positively affected the population of organic nitrogen users and actinomycetes and affected negetatively the population of fungi, Nocardia, Bactodermaand the whole population of inorganic nitrogen users which include nitrifying bacteria. On the other hand, it exerted fluctuating effects on Mycobacterium, Micromonosporaand Arthrobacter. Moreover, Neem seed cake significantly increased electrical conductivity, exchangeable calcium, iron, manganese, copper and zinc content.
’ s repository of research publications and other research outputs The Open University at TREC 2006 Enterprise Track ExpertSearch Task Conference or Workshop Item

The Multimedia and Information Systems group at the Knowledge Media Institute of the Open University participated in the Expert Search task of the Enterprise Track in TREC 2006. We have proposed to address three main innovative points in a two-stage language model, which consists of a document relevance model and a cooccurrence model, in order to improve the performance of expert search. The three innovative points are based on characteristics of documents. First, document authority in terms of their PageRanks is considered in the document relevance model. Second, document internal structure is taken into account in the co-occurrence model. Third, we consider multiple levels of associations between experts and query terms in the co-occurrence model. Our experiments on the TREC2006 Expert Search task show that addressing the above three points has led to improved effectiveness of expert search on the W3C dataset.
Strict Glycemic Control: The Demise of another Good Strategy?

It is beyond any dispute that diabetes/increased blood glucose levels in the hospitalized patients, especially in ICU/critically ill patients, is one of the most important cause of morbidity and mortality [1,2]. In fact that in itself maybe one of the major causes of hospital admissions (15% of 3.5 million total hospitalization), both for medical as well as surgical reasons. It also is the most common reason of maximum number of hospital days. (20% of all hospital days out of about 14 million hospital days).
COMPARING DENSE GALAXY CLUSTER REDSHIFT SURVEYS WITH WEAK-LENSING MAPS

We use dense redshift surveys of nine galaxy clusters at z ∼ 0.2 to compare the galaxy distribution in each system with the projected matter distribution from weak lensing. By combining 2087 new MMT/Hectospec redshifts and the data in the literature, we construct spectroscopic samples within the region of weak-lensing maps of high (70%–89%) and uniform completeness. With these dense redshift surveys, we construct galaxy number density maps using several galaxy subsamples. The shape of the main cluster concentration in the weak-lensing maps is similar to the global morphology of the number density maps based on cluster members alone, mainly dominated by red members. We cross-correlate the galaxy number density maps with the weak-lensing maps. The cross-correlation signal when we include foreground and background galaxies at 0.5zcl < z < 2zcl is 10%–23% larger than for cluster members alone at the cluster virial radius. The excess can be as high as 30% depending on the cluster. Cross-correlating the galaxy number density and weak-lensing maps suggests that superimposed structures close to the cluster in redshift space contribute more significantly to the excess cross-correlation signal than unrelated large-scale structure along the line of sight. Interestingly, the weak-lensing mass profiles are not well constrained for the clusters with the largest cross-correlation signal excesses (>20% for A383, A689, and A750). The fractional excess in the cross-correlation signal including foreground and background structures could be a useful proxy for assessing the reliability of weak-lensing cluster mass estimates.
Trend of bladder cancer mortality in Iran (2006 to 2010)

Background and aims: Bladder cancer is the most common tumor of the urinary tract and the ninth cancer in terms of incidence in both sexes in the world. Bladder cancer is the second most common cancer among men in Iran. The most important risk factors which attribute to the incidence of bladder cancer are tobacco usage, exposure to industrial materials, and chronic infection by Schistsoma. This study aimed to investigate the trend of death from bladder cancer in Iran. Methods: This study was conducted by the use of data on mortality in Iran during 2006-10. Data on mortality from cancer within the study period were collected and entered on a pre-designed form. Mortality rates per 105 persons were calculated by age group and sex, and the trend of mortality from this cancer was determined. Results: The results from the calculation of mortality rates per 105 persons indicated that the death rate from bladder cancer is reduced from 1.12 to 1.09. The mortality rates during all the years under the study showed that increasing age increases the bladder cancer in men. Conclusion: No particular change was observed in the analysis of the trend of tobacco using in Iran in the last two decades, which can be considered as one of the causes of constancy of mortality trend from bladder cancer. However, given the increase in the number of people over 65 and the observed growing trend in bladder cancer incidence in various regions of the country, it is recommended that health policies are adopted in order to prevent the risk factors behind this type of cancer such as tobacco and harmful industrial materials.
Unique Persuasion Equilibrium ∗

This paper discusses equilibrium selection in persuasion games. In particular, we provide formal justification for the convention in the literature that focusing on the fully revealing equilibrium when there exist multiple equilibria. As a selection criterion, we suggest the notion of prudent rationalizable equilibrium that is a perfect Bayesian equilibrium constructed by prudent rationalizable strategies, a version of extensive-form iterated admissibility proposed by Heifetz et al. (2011). First, we show that the prudent rationalizable equilibrium always exists. Furthermore, it uniquely selects the fully revealing equilibrium whenever it exists. Second, with providing a necessary and sufficient condition for the unique selection by the prudent rationalizable equilibrium, we show that this selection criterion could successfully work even in environments where the fully revealing equilibrium does not exist. Journal of Economic Literature Classification Numbers: C72, D82.
RF macro-cell prediction using fuzzy logic: case study in Bangkok city - Thailand

This paper proposes an simple method to predict macro cell design using fuzzy logic approximation. The concept of Fuzzy logic was applied to predict path loss at 1 km interception point. The input fuzzy sets were classified into three sets namely, percent of buildings, houses and tree within 1 km radius area. A inference engine was then applied via linguistic rules which were trained by conventional point to point model in realistic environment. To check the proposed model, we compared the fuzzy prediction with other areas. The results shown that the fuzzy logic approximation provided an accuracy prediction and a user friendly prediction.
Of Coastal Erosion And Adaptation To Sea Level Rise By :

This article provides a review and synthesis of geoeconomic models that are used to analyze coastal erosion management and shoreline change. We outline a generic framework for analyzing risk-mitigating and/or recreation-enhancing policy interventions within a dynamic framework, and we review literature that informs the nature and extent of net benefit flows associated with coastal management. Using stated preference analysis, we present new estimates on household preferences for shoreline erosion management, including costs associated with ecological impacts of management. Lastly, we offer some guidance on directions for future research. Gopalakrishnan, S. , et al. (2016). "Economics of Coastal Erosion and Adaptation to Sea Level Rise. " Annual Review of Resource Economics 8(1): 119-139. Publisher version of record available at: https://www.annualreviews. org/doi/ abs/10.1146/annurev-resource-100815-095416
University ’ s repository of research publications and other research outputs Topology aware adaptive security Conference or Workshop Item

Adaptive security systems aim to protect valuable assets in the face of changes in their operational environment. They do so by monitoring and analysing this environment, and deploying security functions that satisfy some protection (security, privacy, or forensic) requirements. In this paper, we suggest that a key characteristic for engineering adaptive security is the topology of the operational environment, which represents a physical and/or a digital space including its structural relationships, such as containment, proximity, and reachability. For adaptive security, topology expresses a rich representation of context that can provide a system with both structural and semantic awareness of important contextual characteristics. These include the location of assets being protected or the proximity of potentially threatening agents that might harm them. Security-related actions, such as the physical movement of an actor from a room to another in a building, may be viewed as topological changes. The detection of a possible undesired topological change (such as an actor possessing a safe’s key entering the room where the safe is located) may lead to the decision to deploy a particular security control to protect the relevant asset. This position paper advocates topology awareness for more effective engineering of adaptive security. By monitoring changes in topology at runtime one can identify new or changing threats and attacks, and deploy adequate security controls accordingly. The paper elaborates on the notion of topology and provides a vision and research agenda on its role for systematically engineering adaptive security systems.
Rapid Automatized Naming in 6 and 7 years old students

Mailing address: Gleici Fernanda dos Santos Araujo Alameda Guarujá, 869 Condomínio Jardim Paulista Jardim Paulista Vinhedo – SP – Brasil CEP:13280-000 E-mail: gleiceperez@hotmail.com ABSTRACT Purpose: to evaluate the speed of RAN in 6 to 7-yearschoolchildren (1st year of elementary school) and evaluate the difference in Rapid Automatized Naming subtests of colors, letters, numbers and objects. Methods: 30 children from the 1st year of public elementary schools were evaluated. Results: indicate significant differences for all tests of colors and letters between the ages. In other subtests there were no significant differences between digits and objects. We notice that the average performance among the four subtests indicated that the speed of RAN was better among 7 year-old children. Conclusion: the results point to the need of establishing the relationship between the language skills and reading and writing skills for the early identification of the direct impact of rapid automatized naming changes in the literacy process.