Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
El agua en la agricultura del sureste español: productividad, precio y demanda

La especializacion agraria de las provincias de Almeria y Murcia es sobradamente conocida. En el grafico 1 ofrecemos informacion sobre la importancia relativa del sector primario en ambas provincias y en Espana. La cuota agraria en el output total de Murcia es el doble de la correspondiente a Espana, alcanzando en Almeria una cifra que, aproximandose a la cuarta parte del VAB provincial, supone un maximo dificilmente superable en la actual UE para cualquier zona con el mismo nivel de desagregacion territorial. Prueba adicional de lo anterior es que la participacion conjunta de las dos provincias en el VAB agrario espanol, 11,8%, no solo alcanza un relevante importe sino que, ademas, mas que triplica su aportacion al VAB generado por la economia espanola: 3,7%. De nuevo, es Almeria la provincia en la que la asimetria entre las dos cuotas anteriores registra una mayor intensidad.
Novel microwave devices using tunable negative index metamaterials and ferrites

Next generation microwave devices require to be multifunctional for efficient, cost effective operation in light weight, low volume structures. A miniature tunable negative index metamaterial phase shifter and an ultra wideband phased array antenna have been designed using ferrite materials. Negative permeability ferrite material in combination with negative permittivity of plasmonic wires produces a tunable negative refractive index metamaterial (TNIM). The TNIM shows a phase shift with a figure of merit of nearly 180° / kOe o of applied magnetic field. Investigation of loss in X- and Q-band TNIM reveals that high frequency loss is more due to ferrite quality rather that the design of the TNIM. The miniature, 10:1 bandwidth current sheet phased array antenna is designed using magnetic ferrite as absorber.
Genome Sequence of Bibersteinia trehalosi Strain Y31 Isolated from the Pneumonic Lung of a Bighorn Sheep

ABSTRACT Here, we report the genome sequence for Bibersteinia trehalosi strain Y31, isolated from the lungs of a bighorn sheep (Ovis canadensis) that had succumbed to pneumonia, which exhibits proximity-dependent inhibition (PDI) of Mannheimia haemolytica. The sequence will be used to understand the mechanism of PDI for these organisms.
Analysis of a Chebyshev-based backward differentiation formulae and relation with Runge–Kutta collocation methods

The construction of a class of backward differentiation formulae based on intra-step Chebyshev–Gauss–Lobatto nodal points, suitable for the approximate numerical integration of initial-value problems of first-order ordinary differential equations, is presented. Formulae of this new family are A 0-stable and L(α)-stable for any orders, and, particularly, for orders 1 and 2 they are L-stable. Regions of absolute stability and stability measures make this class very promising. We prove that this family of methods may be considered as Runge–Kutta collocation methods where the abscissae are obtained from the Chebyshev–Gauss–Lobatto points.
Accumulation of K‐Ras codon 12 mutations in the F344 rat distal colon following azoxymethane exposure

Azoxymethane (AOM) administration to F344 male rats is a widely used model of human colon carcinogenesis. The current study investigates quantitatively the accumulation of K‐Ras codon 12 mutations following AOM exposure. Male, 6‐week‐old F344 rats were treated subcutaneously with 30 mg/kg body weight of AOM, and colon tissue was collected at 1, 8, 24, and 32 weeks after treatment. The K‐Ras codon 12 GGT to GAT and GGT to GTT mutant fractions (MFs) were measured using allele‐specific competitive blocker polymerase chain reaction (ACB‐PCR). Between 1 and 32 weeks after AOM treatment, the K‐Ras codon 12 GGT to GAT geometric mean MF in the rat colon increased significantly from 12.9 × 10−5 to 145 × 10−5, and the GGT to GTT geometric mean MF increased significantly from 5.26 × 10−5 to 180 × 10−5. K‐Ras codon 12 GGT to GAT MF also increased significantly in AOM‐treated rat colon tissue at 1 week compared to controls (4.44 × 10−5). The accumulation of the GGT to GAT MF long after the DNA adduct repair phase suggests that a portion of cells containing this mutation have a proliferative advantage, allowing them to accumulate as nascent tumors progress. Also, the GGT to GAT background MF increased in untreated rats, indicating that there is accumulation with age. The ACB–PCR assay generates quantitative data of cancer‐related mutations and thus provides insight into pathological processes following carcinogen exposure. Environ. Mol. Mutagen. , 2011. © Published 2011 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Identificación y propuesta de criterios para mejorar la comunicación de contenidos ambientales en cartografía de planificación urbana: ejemplos andaluces

La creciente demanda ciudadana por intervenir en las cuestiones que afectan a la planificacion de las ciudades y el territorio obliga a centrar la atencion sobre la cartografia como elemento clave y fundamental en los procesos de comunicacion. A este parecer, el objetivo principal de esta investigacion ha sido identificar y proponer un conjunto de criterios que incrementen la capacidad comunicativa de los mapas de planificacion urbana, de forma que se facilite su lectura y comprension. Para ello, en primer lugar se realizo una revision bibliografica para comprender el lenguaje cartografico e identificar que criterios podrian mejorar la comunicacion de la cartografia. Finalmente, esa sintaxis o lenguaje cartografico (dimensiones geometricas, variables visuales y propiedades perceptivas) fue aplicado a determinados contenidos ambientales de la cartografia de planificacion urbana con la intencion de proponer los mas idoneos en terminos comunicativos.
Interaction of the enantiomers of fluoxetine and norfluoxetine with human liver cytochromes P450.

(R)- and (S)-fluoxetine were found to be competitive inhibitors of P450 2D6-mediated bufuralol 1'-hydroxylation in vitro, yielding Ki values of 1.38 +/- 0.48 and 0.22 +/- 0.11 microM, respectively. Their N-demethylated metabolites were also found to be potent inhibitors (Ki, (R)-norfluoxetine, 1.48 +/- 0.27 microM; (S)-norfluoxetine, 0.31 +/- 0.04 microM). The microsomal (R)- and (S)-fluoxetine N-demethylase activities for 14 human liver samples were on average 29.6 +/- 13.5 and 19.4 +/- 11.8 pmol of product/min/mg of protein, respectively. The individual rates of N-demethylation correlated with microsomal immunodetectable P450 2D6 levels; (R)-fluoxetine, r = 0.64, P < . 05; (S)-fluoxetine, r = 0.63, P < . 05. However, this correlation was significantly weaker than the excellent correlation obtained for P450 2D6-marker bufuralol 1'-hydroxylase activity and P450 2D6 levels (r = 0.92, P < or = .01). Quinidine, a potent inhibitor of P450 2D6, inhibited the demethylation of each enantiomer by only approximately 20% at a concentration 300 times greater than the Ki determined for the quinidine inhibition of bufuralol 1'-hydroxylase. Furthermore, antiserum recognizing P450 2D6 inhibited 82% of microsomal bufuralol 1'-hydroxylase activity but only 27% of the (R)-fluoxetine N-demethylase activity in the same human liver sample. In summary, these data indicate that the enantiomers of fluoxetine and norfluoxetine are potent inhibitors of P450 2D6 and that P450 forms other than P450 2D6 appear to be responsible for the majority of microsomal fluoxetine N-demethylation.
[Dynamics of depression symptoms after myocardial infarction--the importance of changes in hope].

AIM The mechanism of dynamics of depression symptoms after myocardial infarction (MI) during six months was examined with reference to (a) whether the changes in coping strategies mediate the effect of changes in cognitive appraisal on changes in the level of depression, and (b) whether this mediation is moderated by the changes in hope. METHODS Cognitive appraisal (threat/harm, challenge), hope, coping strategies (problem-, emotion- and avoidance-focused) and depression were assessed two times among 173 cardiac patients: a few days after first MI and then six months later. RESULTS Only emotion-focused coping partly mediated the relationship between changes in threat/harm appraisal and changes in depression (both direct and indirect effects were positive). The effect of changes in challenge appraisal on depression was only direct and negative. Both direct effects were moderated by the level of changes in hope: the associations between changes in appraisal and depression were significant only when hope do not change or decreased in time. CONCLUSIONS Associations between dynamics of appraisal and depression during six months after MI were more direct and depended on changes in hope.
The Surgical Mortality Probability Model: Derivation and Validation of a Simple Risk Prediction Rule for Noncardiac Surgery

Objective:To develop a 30-day mortality risk index for noncardiac surgery that can be used to communicate risk information to patients and guide clinical management at the “point-of-care,” and that can be used by surgeons and hospitals to internally audit their quality of care. Background:Clinicians rely on the Revised Cardiac Risk Index to quantify the risk of cardiac complications in patients undergoing noncardiac surgery. Because mortality from noncardiac causes accounts for many perioperative deaths, there is also a need for a simple bedside risk index to predict 30-day all-cause mortality after noncardiac surgery. Methods:Retrospective cohort study of 298,772 patients undergoing noncardiac surgery during 2005 to 2007 using the American College of Surgeons National Surgical Quality Improvement Program database. Results:The 9-point S-MPM (Surgical Mortality Probability Model) 30-day mortality risk index was derived empirically and includes three risk factors: ASA (American Society of Anesthesiologists) physical status, emergency status, and surgery risk class. Patients with ASA physical status I, II, III, IV or V were assigned either 0, 2, 4, 5, or 6 points, respectively; intermediate- or high-risk procedures were assigned 1 or 2 points, respectively; and emergency procedures were assigned 1 point. Patients with risk scores less than 5 had a predicted risk of mortality less than 0.50%, whereas patients with a risk score of 5 to 6 had a risk of mortality between 1.5% and 4.0%. Patients with a risk score greater than 6 had risk of mortality more than 10%. S-MPM exhibited excellent discrimination (C statistic, 0.897) and acceptable calibration (Hosmer-Lemeshow statistic 13.0, P = 0.023) in the validation data set. Conclusions:Thirty-day mortality after noncardiac surgery can be accurately predicted using a simple and accurate risk score based on information readily available at the bedside. This risk index may play a useful role in facilitating shared decision making, developing and implementing risk-reduction strategies, and guiding quality improvement efforts.
Eficiencia productiva y externalidades territoriales en la pyme industrial: Un análisis dinámico del efecto distrito

En anteriores trabajos han sido analizados los comportamientos diferenciales, en cuanto a la eficiencia en los procesos de produccion, entre las empresas ubicadas dentro de un hipotetico distrito industrial y las situadas fuera del mismo. A su vez, este objetivo ha sido abordado haciendo uso de medidas de eficiencia tecnica. Los resultados alcanzados aportan una valiosa informacion que permite cuantificar el llamado efecto distrito en un momento dado del tiempo. Sin embargo, los conocidos cambios en el mercado y en el propio comportamiento de las empresas aconsejan estudiar este efecto distrito desde un punto de vista dinamico. En este trabajo se aporta esta nueva vision mediante el uso de Indices Malmquist de productividad. Esta metodologia nos permite analizar como han evolucionado las diferencias de comportamiento en terminos de eficiencia productiva entre las empresas de dentro y las de fuera de un distrito a lo largo de un periodo de tiempo. Se lleva a cabo una aplicacion empirica para un conjunto de pymes industriales del sector ceramico ubicadas en Espana durante el periodo de expansion economica, 1996-2007.
Pre-Processing of BOLD FMRI Data

Pre-processing is necessary in fMRI analysis in order to tak e r w data from the scanner and prepare it for statistical analysis. This talk describes the various pre-processing s teps which occur prior to the the statistical analysis (which estimates where significant activation occurred, an is described in the following talk). The pre-processing steps take the raw MR data and apply various image and signal p rocessing techniques to it that reduce noise and artefacts. These steps are crucial in making the statistica l an lysis valid and greatly improve the power of the subsequent analyses.
Vaccinia Virus A56/K2 Fusion Regulatory Protein Interacts with the A16 and G9 Subunits of the Entry Fusion Complex

ABSTRACT Deletion of the A56R or K2L gene of vaccinia virus (VACV) results in the spontaneous fusion of infected cells to form large multinucleated syncytia. A56 and K2 polypeptides bind to one another (A56/K2) and together are required for interaction with the VACV entry fusion complex (EFC); this association has been proposed to prevent the fusion of infected cells. At least eight viral polypeptides comprise the EFC, but no information has been available regarding their interactions either with each other or with A56/K2. Utilizing a panel of recombinant VACVs designed to repress expression of individual EFC subunits, we demonstrated that A56/K2 interacted with two polypeptides: A16 and G9. Both A16 and G9 were required for the efficient binding of each to A56/K2, suggesting that the two polypeptides interact with each other within the EFC. Such an interaction was established by the copurification of A16 and G9 from infected cells under conditions in which a stable EFC complex failed to assemble and from detergent-treated lysates of uninfected cells that coexpressed A16 and G9. A recombinant VACV that expressed G9 modified with an N-terminal epitope tag induced the formation of syncytia, suggesting partial interference with the functional interaction of A56/K2 with the EFC during infection. These data suggest that A16 and G9 are physically associated within the EFC and that their interaction with A56/K2 suppresses spontaneous syncytium formation and possibly “fuse-back” superinfection of cells.
Switching from morphine to fentanyl attenuates the decline of &mgr;‐opioid receptor expression in periaqueductal gray of rats with morphine tolerance

Background Opioid switching is a therapeutic maneuver to improve analgesic response and/or reduce adverse side effects although the underlying mechanisms remain unknown. The &mgr;‐opioid receptor (MOR) has an important role in mediating the actions of morphine and other analgesic agents. This study is aimed at exploring the changes of MOR in the periaqueductal gray (PAG) in rats when morphine is substituted for equianalgesic fentanyl. Methods Forty rats were randomly assigned to five treatment groups: 7 days normal saline group (N group), 7 days fentanyl group (F group), 7 days morphine group (M group), 7 days morphine and 7 days fentanyl‐switching group (MF group), and 14 days morphine group (MM group). Rats repeatedly received subcutaneous injections of morphine sulfate (10 mg/kg) or equianalgesic fentanyl sulfate (0.1 mg/kg) twice daily. Rats' antinociceptive response to thermal pain was evaluated by the tail flick latency assay. MOR mRNA and protein expression in the PAG were measured using RT‐PCR and Western blotting analyses respectively. Results This study showed that after morphine was substituted with fentanyl on day 8, the tail flick latency (TFL) increased from (3.9±0.4) seconds to (11.4±0.4) seconds. The results also demonstrated that both MOR mRNA and protein expression in the PAG of rats in the MF group were less than that in the M group (P<0.05) but more than that in MM group (P<0.05). Conclusions Equianalgesic fentanyl was still antinociceptive effective in rats with morphine tolerance, which may be due to the switching from morphine to fentanyl attenuating the decline of MOR expression in the PAG of rats.
Mild Guillain-Barré syndrome.

BACKGROUND The unpredictability of the early course of Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS) makes it difficult to determine which patients' conditions will worsen under observation. Most large randomized treatment trials for GBS have used an inability to walk as the enrollment criterion. Consequently, little is known about the treatment of those patients with milder degrees of affection. OBJECTIVES To determine the approximate frequency of mild GBS with the persistent ability to walk and to see if there were features that predicted that the illness would remain mild. SETTING A registry of patients with GBS seen on the wards and in the neurology clinic from January 1,1992, to May 1, 2000, in a 400-bed community teaching hospital. PATIENTS Twelve (4.7%) of 254 patients in our case series were able to walk throughout their illness. Eight had been treated with plasmapheresis or intravenous immunoglobulin; the others were observed without treatment. RESULTS There was no age, sex, or seasonal preponderance in comparison with large case series that included cases of all severities. Nine of 12 patients had a preceding respiratory tract infection, 10 had paresthesias, 7 had prominent pain, and 9 had ataxia. Seven of 10 patients who were examined had normal cerebrospinal fluid protein levels. It took 8 days, on average, to reach the maximal degree of weakness. One additional treated patient, excluded from our case series, had mild weakness for the first 3 weeks and subsequently worsened with a relapsing course more typical of chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy. Eleven patients demonstrated proximal, intermediate, or distal conduction block, and only 3 had a mild degree of denervation. There were no distinguishing clinical or electrophysiologic features between treated and untreated patients with mild GBS and, except for the mild degree of affection and the absence of substantial electromyographic changes of axonal disruption, there were no important differences between these mild cases as a group and patients who developed more severe GBS. CONCLUSIONS Cases of mild GBS reach a clinical nadir in a similar time to those with more severe disease. Treatment may be unnecessary in patients who are able to walk during the second week of illness, but observation until approximately the eighth day seems appropriate to be certain that the illness does not progress. In all likelihood there are mild cases of GBS that never come to the attention of a neurologist.
The dominance-based rough set approach as a business analytical tool

This study demonstrates how to extract essential information from a set of financial and non-financial business indicators, leading to a better understanding of company performance. The use of Rough Set Theory and the Dominance principle associated with the probabilistic relationship between conditions and decisions in decision algorithms, is justified by the possibility of there being uncertain data to yield an essential set of effectively consistent information. The analysis was based on the Brazilian publication Exame Melhores e Maiores 2013 which lists the 500 largest companies in various economic sectors ordered by net sales. The study reveals the importance of broadening the analysis of enterprise indicators, and shows a method of describing conclusions from data without referring to prior and posterior probabilities.
Development and validation of a primary care-based family health history and decision support program (MeTree).

INTRODUCTION Family health history is a strong predictor of disease risk. To reduce the morbidity and mortality of many chronic diseases, risk-stratified evidence-based guidelines strongly encourage the collection and synthesis of family health history to guide selection of primary prevention strategies. However, the collection and synthesis of such information is not well integrated into clinical practice. To address barriers to collection and use of family health histories, the Genomedical Connection developed and validated MeTree, a Web-based, patient-facing family health history collection and clinical decision support tool. MeTree is designed for integration into primary care practices as part of the genomic medicine model for primary care. METHODS We describe the guiding principles, operational characteristics, algorithm development, and coding used to develop MeTree. Validation was performed through stakeholder cognitive interviewing, a genetic counseling pilot program, and clinical practice pilot programs in 2 community-based primary care clinics. RESULTS Stakeholder feedback resulted in changes to MeTree's interface and changes to the phrasing of clinical decision support documents. The pilot studies resulted in the identification and correction of coding errors and the reformatting of clinical decision support documents. MeTree's strengths in comparison with other tools are its seamless integration into clinical practice and its provision of action-oriented recommendations guided by providers' needs. LIMITATIONS The tool was validated in a small cohort. CONCLUSION MeTree can be integrated into primary care practices to help providers collect and synthesize family health history information from patients with the goal of improving adherence to risk-stratified evidence-based guidelines.
Design of Low Power Pipelined RISC Processor

2 Abstract: This paper presents the design and implementation of a low power pipelined 32-bit RISC Processor. The various blocks include the Fetch, Decode, Execute and Memory Read / Write Back to implement 4 stage pipelining. In this paper, low power technique is proposed in front end process. Modified Harvard Architecture is used which has distinct program memory space and data memory space. Low power consumption helps to reduce the heat dissipation, lengthen battery life and increase device reliability. To minimize the power of RISC Core, clock gating technique is used which is an efficient low power technique. Verilog Language is used for coding purpose.7-SEG LEDs are connected to the RISC IO interface for testing purpose of all the instructions defined that is floating point numbers as well as integer values.The proposed architecture is then simulated using Modelsim. Dynamic power consumption is calculated using Altera powerplay analyser and then implementation is done using Altera Quartus II on Altera FPGA board.
Lipid phosphatases in the immune system.

In the last 10 years we have come to appreciate the central role that phosphatidylinositol (PI)-3,4,5-P(3)plays in regulating a vast array of biological responses to extracellular signals. The level of this phospholipid is low in resting cells but increases rapidly in response to growth factor/cytokine-stimulated plasma membrane recruitment and activation of PI-3-kinase. Within the last 3 years three enzymes, SHIP, SHIP2 and PTEN, that play key roles in regulating the level of PI-3,4,5-P(3)have been cloned. In this review I have attempted to summarize our current knowledge regarding these three intriguing phosphatases.