Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A Procurement-distribution Coordination Model in Humanitarian Supply Chain Using the Information-sharing Mechanism

The coordination problem of relief items’ distribution operations is essential in humanitarian relief chains. If the coordination is proper, it will improve the response phase to the crisis. In order to improve the coordination in humanitarian relief chains, distribution and warehousing operations of relief items were outsourced to the third-party logistics. In this paper, the procurement-distribution coordination problem in a humanitarian relief chain was studied by the information-sharing mechanism. For this purpose, three decision-making modes, including decentralized, centralized, and coordinated, were formulated to minimize the total cost of the relief chain in the form of mathematical modeling under uncertainty. In a decentralized model, humanitarian relief chains are independent of one another and pursue their own goals. In a centralized model, a central agent manages all activities, and in a coordinated model, independent members are communicated using the information-sharing mechanism. To illustrate the validity of the proposed model, the problem was implemented in the form of a numerical example. The results showed that the chain cost is high in the decentralized mode, total chain costs were reduced in the coordinated mode, and relief items were sent to affected areas without any shortage.
Entropic Graph-based Posterior Regularization for Learning Probabilistic Models

The advent of high-throughput DNA sequencing methods has led to an explosion in the availability of genome-wide data and a corresponding opportunity to use computational methods to derive insights into cellular function. A predominant form of statistical model used for genomic data has been temporal, such as the hidden Markov model (HMM) (Rabiner, 1989) or dynamic Bayesian network (DBN) (Dean and Kanazawa, 1988). Temporal models consist of a chain of random variables exhibiting the temporal Markov property, which asserts that “future” and “past” variables are independent given some notion of the present. This property enables exact inference to be performed using temporal dynamic programming. Most often, inference takes the form of a forward and then a backward pass along the chain. In genomics, the “temporal” axis is generally position along the genome rather than actual time.
The Role of a 21-kDa Viral Membrane Protein in the Assembly of Vaccinia Virus from the Intermediate Compartment*

We have recently provided morphological evidence that a key event in the assembly of vaccinia virus is the formation of a novel cisternal domain of the intermediate compartment (IC) between the endoplasmic reticulum and the Golgi complex (Sodeik, B., Doms, R. W., Ericsson, M., Hiller, G., Machamer, C. E., van't Hof, W., van Meer, G., Moss, B., and Griffiths, G. (1993) J. Cell Biol. 121, 521–541). This tightly apposed cisternal domain incompletely surrounds the spherical immature virus that matures into the first of the two distinct infectious forms of vaccinia, the intracellular mature virus (IMV). In this study we describe the characterization of an abundant membrane protein of the IMV, the gene product of A17L, a 21-kDa protein that has recently been shown to be essential for the formation of the viral membranes (Rodriguez, D., Esteban, M., and Rodriguez, J. R. (1995) J. Virol. 69, 4640-4648). Upon translation in vitro, p21 associated with rough microsomal membranes in a co-translational manner. Using NH2- and COOH-terminal specific antibodies, we show that both in vitro as well as in vivo, p21 adopts a topology where the NH2 and COOH termini are cytoplasmically orientated. Immunocytochemical experiments demonstrated that p21 is a component of the inner of the two cisternal membranes of the immature virus as well as of membranes of the IC, identified using antibodies against Rab1. Taken together, these data provide the first molecular evidence in support of our assembly model; they show that an essential membrane protein of the IMV inserts into the rough endoplasmic reticulum, but gets efficiently targeted to the IC and membranes of the viral factory.
Nature, timing, frequency and type of augmented feedback; does it influence motor relearning of the hemiparetic arm after stroke? A systematic review

Purpose. To investigate the effect of different aspects and types of augmented feedback on motor functions and motor activities of the hemiparetic arm after stroke. Method. Systematic search of the scientific literature was performed in the Pubmed and Cochrane database from 1975 to March 2009. The augmented feedback used in the intervention was classified with respect to aspects (nature, timing and frequency) and types (auditory, sensory and visual). Results. The systematic literature search resulted in 299 citations. On the basis of inclusion and exclusion criteria, 23 full-text articles were included for analysis. There are some trends in favour of providing augmented knowledge of performance feedback, augmented auditory and combined sensory and visual feedback. No consistent effects on motor relearning were observed for summary or faded, terminal or concurrent, solely visual or solely sensory augmented feedback. Conclusions. On the basis of this study, it was not possible to determine which combinations of aspects and types of augmented feedback are most essential for a beneficial effect on motor activities and motor functions of the hemiparetic arm after stroke. This was due to the combination of multiple aspects and types of augmented feedback in the included studies. This systematic review indicates that augmented feedback in general has an added value for stroke rehabilitation.
VP5 of infectious bursal disease virus is not essential for viral replication in cell culture

Infectious bursal disease virus (IBDV), a member of the Birnaviridae family, encodes in its bisegmented double-stranded RNA genome four structural virion proteins, VP1, VP2, VP3, and VP4, as well as a nonstructural protein, VP5. Recently, the establishment of an infectious cRNA system for IBDV has been described (E. Mundt and V. N. Vakharia, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 93:11131-11136, 1996). Here, we report the isolation of a VP5- IBDV mutant constructed by site-directed mutagenesis of the methionine start codon of VP5, followed by cRNA transfection. The resulting virus mutant was replication competent in cell culture, which indicates that VP5 is not required for productive replication of IBDV. Absence of VP5 expression was verified by lack of reactivity with newly established anti-VP5 monoclonal antibodies and polyclonal sera. VP5- IBDV exhibited a delay in replication in chicken embryo cells compared to the VP5+ parental virus. However, final yields were similar. Our results thus show that VP5 is nonessential for IBDV replication, which makes it a prime candidate for the construction of deleted, marked vaccines.
Routage optique dans les réseaux WDM multifibres avec conversion partielle

Nous considerons le probleme du routage optique d'un ensemble donne de requetes de communications dans un reseau WDM multifibres avec conversion partielle. Etant donne un tel reseau disposant de w longueurs d'onde par ﬁbre, k ﬁbres par lien et c conversions possibles par nœud du reseau, le probleme revient a decider s'il est possible de trouver un chemin w-colore pour chaque requete, de sorte qu'au plus k chemins utilisent une meme longueur d'onde sur un meme lien du reseau et qu'aucun nœud n'opere plus de c conversions. Notre resultat principal reside dans l'ecriture de ce probleme sous la forme d'une instance particuliere de multiﬂot entier, integrant dans un meme modele le routage et l'affectation de longueurs d'onde. Nous fournissons ensuite trois heuristiques basees sur l'arrondi aleatoire de multi- ﬂots fractionnaires, qui sont trois reponses differentes au compromis efﬁcacite/precision des approximations. Nous les validons en comparant leur performances sur des instances theoriques ou issue du monde reel.
Bacteriophage Cocktail for the Prevention of Biofilm Formation by Pseudomonas aeruginosa on Catheters in an In Vitro Model System

ABSTRACT Microorganisms develop biofilms on indwelling medical devices and are associated with device-related infections, resulting in substantial morbidity and mortality. This study investigated the effect of pretreating hydrogel-coated catheters with Pseudomonas aeruginosa bacteriophages on biofilm formation by P. aeruginosa in an in vitro model. Hydrogel-coated catheters were exposed to a 10 log10 PFU ml−1 lysate of P. aeruginosa phage M4 for 2 h at 37°C prior to bacterial inoculation. The mean viable biofilm count on untreated catheters was 6.87 log10 CFU cm−2 after 24 h. The pretreatment of catheters with phage reduced this value to 4.03 log10 CFU cm−2 (P < 0.001). Phage treatment immediately following bacterial inoculation also reduced biofilm viable counts (4.37 log10 CFU cm−2 reduction; P < 0.001). The regrowth of biofilms on phage-treated catheters occurred between 24 and 48 h, but supplemental treatment with phage at 24 h significantly reduced biofilm regrowth (P < 0.001). Biofilm isolates resistant to phage M4 were recovered from catheters pretreated with phage. The phage susceptibility profiles of these isolates were used to guide the development of a five-phage cocktail from a larger library of P. aeruginosa phages. The pretreatment of catheters with this cocktail reduced the 48-h mean biofilm cell density by 99.9% (from 7.13 to 4.13 log10 CFU cm−2; P < 0.001), but fewer biofilm isolates were resistant to these phages. These results suggest the potential of applying phages, especially phage cocktails, to the surfaces of indwelling medical devices for mitigating biofilm formation by clinically relevant bacteria.
THE ROLE OF SOCIAL MEDIA IN GASTRONOMY INDUSTRY

Considering the rapidly changing business environment, staying competitive is a key issue and challenge for companies in the 21st century. The criteria of a company’s success and competitiveness is the changing behavior of the different economic actors and its influence. Through the information society came to the fore, the use of diverse information technology tools and methods has become a significant influence factor in terms of the entrepreneurs or company management and also the customers or other partners. Due to the rapid expansion of new technology developments, the role and importance of social media is continuously increasing. Also statistics show that one of the most regularly used IT tool is the social media and the different web 2.0 applications. The current study is intended to provide a better understanding how social media can emphasize the competitiveness of companies and format the consumer behavior in a special sector – the rapidly developing gastronomy industry. This paper presents an empirical research about the role of social media in the above mentioned industry based on the primary data which are gathered through a survey performed in Hungary. Beyond the empirical results presented, the paper also aims to provide some recommendations for research methodology – based on the international literature review and the Authors’ own experiences – both in gastronomy industry’s and customers’ point of view. Through the analysis the research hypotheses were examined and the most important correlations were identified between the survey results and the Authors’ initial supposition.
Effect of aluminum ions on chemical and immunological properties of meningococcal group B polysaccharide

Soluble salts of aluminum were examined for their capacity to complex with purified meningococcal group B polysaccharide. The formation of the complexes resulted, first, in a markedly reduced rate of internal esterification at acid pH and, consequently, prolonged stability of the antigen as measured by its reactivity with antibody at pH 4 and, second, in an increased resistance to neuraminidase. Al3+ complexes of B polysaccharides were tested for immunogenicity in mice and found to be no better than the purified polysaccharide in the Na+ or Ca2+ form. However, when Neisseria meningitidis type 6 protein (outer membrane) complexed to B polysaccharide was tested, a substantial increase in anti-B titers was detected, whereas antiprotein titers remained unchanged. The possibility of using combinations of metal-polysaccharide-outer membrane protein complexes as vaccines for humans is discussed.
Identifying Content Originator in Social Networks

Content originality detection is an interesting research topic in large-scale scenarios especially in social media where anyone has the ability to produce and disseminate content in different forms through their profiles and activities. What is missing in these communication sites is to be able to identify original content producers as some users spread information copied from other users without indicating its original producer, or where they found it. This paper provides a conceptualized approach for content originality detection and illustrates the efficiency of the model when applying it to a Twitter dataset. This approach amalgamates user's linguistic features and their online circadian behaviors to identify accurately the content originator for a given text. The proposed approach is evaluated using an F1-measure and the results indicate an accuracy of 95% or higher for all test scenarios. While achieving high accuracy in the test results, our approach, as a usecase, was applied in the context of news agencies popular worldwide to identify news producers and consumers by analyzing their Tweets. We investigated intra and inter news flows among several major news agencies considered in our dataset. Our results show that this proposed approach can distinguish News Story Tellers from News Propagators in the news agencies community as well as provide information that helps to understand the flow patterns between different news groups.
The MicroRNA 172 c-APETALA 2-1 Node as a Key Regulator of the Common Bean-Rhizobium etli Nitrogen Fixation Symbiosis 1 [ OPEN ]

Centro de Ciencias Genómicas (B.N.-F., L.P.I., A.L., S.I.F., M.R., S.P., L.G., G.H.), Laboratorio Nacional de Microscopía Avanzada (X.A.-A.), and Departamento de Biología Molecular de Plantas (J.L.R.), Instituto de Biotecnología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Cuernavaca, Morelos 62210, Mexico; and Laboratorio de Genómica Funcional de Leguminosas, Facultad de Estudios Superiores Iztacala, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Tlalnepantla, Edo de Mexico 54090, Mexico (O.V.-L.)
Induction of Nitrate-Dependent Fe(II) Oxidation by Fe(II) in Dechloromonas sp. Strain UWNR4 and Acidovorax sp. Strain 2AN

ABSTRACT We evaluated the inducibility of nitrate-dependent Fe(II)-EDTA oxidation (NDFO) in non-growth, chloramphenicol-amended, resting-cell suspensions of Dechloromonas sp. strain UWNR4 and Acidovorax sp. strain 2AN. Cells previously incubated with Fe(II)-EDTA oxidized ca. 6-fold more Fe(II)-EDTA than cells previously incubated with Fe(III)-EDTA. This is the first report of induction of NDFO by Fe(II).
Is depression a disconnection syndrome? Meta-analysis of diffusion tensor imaging studies in patients with MDD.

BACKGROUND Many studies using diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) have demonstrated impaired white matter integrity in patients with major depressive disorder (MDD), with significant results found in diverse brain regions. We sought to identify whether there are consistent changes of regional white matter integrity in patients with MDD, as shown by decreased fractional anisotropy in DTI. METHOD A systematic search strategy was used to identify relevant whole brain voxel-based DTI studies of patients with MDD in relation to comparison groups. Relevant databases were searched for studies published between January 1994 and February 2011 using combinations of the terms "DTI" or "diffusion tensor;" "whole brain" or "voxel-based;" and "depress*. " Using the studies that met our inclusion criteria, we performed a meta-analysis of the coordinates of decreased fractional anisotropy using the activation likelihood estimation (ALE) method, which detects 3-dimensional conjunctions of coordinates from multiple studies, weighted by sample size. We then used DTIquery software for fibre tracking to locate the fascicles involved in each region. RESULTS We included 11 studies with a combined sample of 231 patients with MDD and 261 comparison participants, providing 50 coordinates of decreased fractional anisotropy. Our meta-analysis identified 4 consistent locations of decreased fractional anisotropy in patients with MDD: white matter in the right frontal lobe, right fusiform gyrus, left frontal lobe and right occipital lobe. Fibre tracking showed that the main fascicles involved were the right inferior longitudinal fasciculus, right inferior fronto-occipital fasciculus, right posterior thalamic radiation and interhemispheric fibres running through the genu and body of the corpus callosum. LIMITATIONS The number of studies included was relatively small, and the DTI data acquisition and analysis techniques were heterogeneous. The ALE method cannot handle studies with no significant group differences. CONCLUSION Voxel-based analysis of DTI studies of patients with MDD consistently identified decreased fractional anisotropy in the white matter fascicles connecting the prefrontal cortex within cortical (frontal, temporal and occipital lobes) and subcortical areas (amygdala and hippocampus). This isstrong evidence for the involvement of these neural circuits in the pathology of MDD.
CEO selection as risk‐taking: A new vantage on the debate about the consequences of insiders versus outsiders

Research Summary Our paper sheds new light on the performance implications associated with insider versus outsider CEOs. We frame CEO selection as risk‐taking, in which outsiders are relatively risky hires, with a greater tendency to generate extreme performance outcomes—either positive or negative—as compared to insiders. We base this expectation on two complementary theoretical perspectives: human capital and information asymmetry. We conduct multiple tests on large samples of CEO successions, with controls for endogeneity, and find that outsiders are indeed associated with more extreme performance outcomes than are insiders. Managerial Summary We shed new light on the performance implications associated with outsider CEOs. Instead of asking the customary question, “Do outsider CEOs, on average, perform better or worse than insider CEOs? ,” we frame CEO selection as risk‐taking. Under this view, outsiders are relatively risky hires, with a greater likelihood of generating extreme performance outcomes—either positive or negative—as compared to insiders. We conduct multiple tests on large samples of CEO successions and find that outsiders are indeed associated with more extreme performance outcomes than are insiders.
The influence and evaluation of commercial building indoor environment on customer satisfaction: Cases from supermarket of northeast China

The purpose of this paper is to establish an analysis and evaluation model of customer satisfaction which is combined with the indoor environment actual characteristics of supermarkets in Northeast China. The author used a standardized questionnaire to gather data, which was conducted in 9 supermarkets in Northeast China. A set of evaluation index system of customer satisfaction was established through using factor analysis tool, and the weight of each index was calculated based on AHP, and Google SketchUp was used to analyse the effects of the design factor on the customer satisfaction. The results show that customers in this region are particularly concerned about the quality and price of the product itself. The two factors of design and background have greater weight because of their direct influence on customers’ shopping experiences. The condition of the product will directly affect the satisfaction evaluation. Customers prefer regularly arranged functional areas, sufficient space for traffic and a sufficient number of entrances/exits.
Role of Intracellular Na+ in Ca2+ Overload and Depressed Recovery of Ventricular Function of Reperfused Ischemic Rat Hearts Possible Involvement of H+-Na+ and Na+-Ca2+ Exchange

The roles of H+-Na+ and Na+-Ca2+ exchange in the depression of ventricular function were studied in the reperfused isolated ischemic rat heart. Zero-flow global ischemia was induced for either IS or 30 minutes and was followed by 30 minutes of aerobic reperfusion. Intracellular Na+ (Na+i) and 45Ca2+ uptake were measured during ischemia and reperfusion. Accumulation of Na+, was modified by prior grycogen depletion and by treatment with amiloride, a H+-Na+ exchange inhibitor, or monensin, a Na+ ionophore. Na+i rose continuously during ischemia and rapidly during the first two minutes of reperfusion. The larger inhibitory effect of amiloride and preischemic glycogen depletion was on Na+i accumulation during reperfusion; this finding suggests that the uptake occurs by H+-Na+ exchange. Reduction of Na+i accumulation by glycogen depletion was associated with less lactate and, presumably, H+ production and accumulation during ischemia. The rapid increase in Na+i during early reperfusion may reflect the readjustment of the low intracellular pH resulting from ischemia. The level of Na+i at the end of ischemia and especially after two minutes of reperfusion were linearly correlated with 45Ca2+ uptake and depression of ventricular function during subsequent reperfusion. This highly significant correlation between Na+i and 45Ca2+ uptake when Na+i was varied by several independent procedures, including monensin, strongly suggests that reperfiision 45Ca2+ uptake occurs at least in part by Na+-Ca2+ exchange. The rate of 45Ca2+ uptake during reperfusion was linearly and highly significantly correlated with elevation of diastolic pressure, reduced developed pressure, and decreased recovery of ventricular function. The data strongly support a mechanism of ischemic cell damage that involves excessive production and accumulation of H+ during Ischemia that exchanges for extracellular Na+ during ischemia and rapidly during the first few minutes of reperfusion. Increased Na+i then causes excessive 45Ca2+ uptake and depressed recovery of cellular functions with continued reperfusion. Increased levels of Na+i may be a major event that couples a decreased intracellular pH during ischemia to excessive 45Ca2+ uptake and depressed recovery of cellular function with reperfusion.
A 4×10-Gb/s Referenceless-and-Masterless Phase Rotator-Based Parallel Transceiver in 90-nm CMOS

A four-parallel 10-Gb/s referenceless-and-masterless phase rotator-based transceiver is presented. Entire lanes operate independently just like the conventional voltage-controlled-oscillator-based parallel referenceless designs while saving power and area. The measured recovered-clock jitter in each lane is 1.24 psrms and the transceiver surpasses the OC-192 jitter-tolerance specification. The power efficiency of the proposed parallel transceiver fabricated in a 90-nm CMOS process is 6.325 mW/(Gb/s).