Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Modelos de madurez digital en pymes – Caso de estudio de una pyme de telecomunicaciones de Colombia

La economia digital obliga a las empresas establecidas a repensar los modelos de negocio usados y llevar la Transformacion Digital a un nivel sostenible para ser competitivas y enfocarse en el cliente. La literatura revisada, permitio establecer que los Modelos de Madurez Digital son una herramienta poderosa para alcanzar este proceso y se encuentran disponibles varios de ellos para grandes organizaciones, sin embargo, tambien se determino que las pequenas y medianas empresas (pymes) tienen caracteristicas especiales, por sus limitantes en tamano y recursos, y existen pocos modelos que puedan ser usados en estas empresas. El proposito de este estudio es explorar los modelos de madurez digital existentes y disenar un modelo que se ajuste a las condiciones de las pymes de telecomunicaciones del pais. Para alcanzar este proposito, se utilizo un enfoque de estudio de caso simple por conveniencia con metodos cualitativos para analizar una pyme de telecomunicaciones colombiana. Los hallazgos sugieren que deben desarrollarse dimensiones y capacidades digitales para lograr el proceso y que entender el nivel de madurez digital actual y la disposicion de la pyme, establecera el punto de partida y el estado esperado, de acuerdo con sus objetivos. Los resultados se integran en un modelo descriptivo de seis dimensiones y cinco niveles de madurez que apoya a la gerencia de las pymes de telecomunicaciones a desarrollar una hoja de ruta para enfrentar su transformacion de manera consciente y priorizada.
U.S. Withdrawal from the Paris Climate Agreement and Its Possible Consequences

Статья посвящена перспективам решения глобальной климатической проблемы в свете выхода США из Парижского соглашения по климату 2015 г. Автор анализирует основные этапы решения проблемы изменения климата на международном уровне (в рамках Организации Объединенных Наций), причины выхода Соединенных Штатов Америки из Парижского соглашения (озвученные президентом Д. Трампом в июне 2017 г.), последствия такого шага для самих США и для мирового сообщества в целом.
Keeping the beat: Form meets function in the Chlamydomonas flagellum

Recent studies in the green alga Chlamydomonas and other flagellated cells have revealed new insights into the relationships between the structure and function of the eukaryotic flagellum. These advances provide a basis from which a unified view can be constructed of how a flagellum operates. In addition, investigations of flagellar assembly offer new perspectives revealing the mechanisms used by cells to create these nanoscale structures. New developments in the molecular biology of Chlamydomonas provide powerful tools for the continued exploration of flagellar biology in this cell. These studies are of interest not only within the field of biology, but also in physics and materials science; the problems of fabrication, assembly, function and regulation of nanoscale machines have been elegantly solved during the evolution of biological systems, providing models from which much remains to be learned.
Chemical diversity - highlighting a species richness and ecosystem function disconnect

The lack of predictability in litter-mix studies may result from the low correlation between species number and the traits that drive the processes under observation. From the standpoint of litter-quality-dependent ecological processes, we propose that litter chemical qualities are functional traits and introduce a multivariate index of chemical diversity (CDq) based on Rao's quadratic entropy to describe the compositional heterogeneity of litter and foliar mixtures. Using published data from temperate and tropical forest systems to illustrate the relationship between species richness and chemical diversity, we show the variation of chemical diversity based on profiles of total nutrient concentrations (N, P, K, Ca and Mg) with species richness. We discuss how this behavior may explain the idiosyncratic responses exhibited in litter-mix experiments and how it may contribute to the observed dominance of species identity over species diversity. As a summary of resource heterogeneity relevant to detritivore and microbial processes, the chemical diversity index is potentially a better predictor of diversity effects on nutrient dynamics than species richness. Finally, we propose the use of infrared spectroscopy techniques for a rapid and more comprehensive determination of foliar and litter chemical composition to provide a more information-rich index.
Phenological Variation in Medicinal Traits of Dracocephalum moldavica L. (Lamiaceae) under Different Growing Conditions

In the present study, the effect of different growing conditions (field and greenhouse) on medicinal traits of Dracocephalum moldavica L. including essential oil percentage (%, w/w), flavones and flavonols content, total content of flavonoids, carotenoids, anthocyanins, phenolics, and antioxidant activity at different phenological stages (vegetative, floral budding, full flowering, and fruiting set) was investigated. For this purpose, a factorial experiment in randomized complete block design with three replications was conducted. The results indicated that, different phenological stages and growing conditions had a significant effect on all traits. The essential oil content of plants grown under field conditions (0.37%–0.63%) was higher compared to greenhouse cultivation (0.17%–0.24%). Antioxidant activity of the plants in both growing conditions increased during phenological stages and reached to maximum activity at fruiting set stage. Antioxidant activity was also higher for plants grown under field condition than greenhouse.
A Rapid Method for the Determination of Egg Shell Permeability

Abstract ATTEMPTS have been made to determine egg shell permeability with air (Haines and Moran, 1939; and Romanoff, 1940), dyes (Almquist and Hoist, 1931), various gases (Romanoff, 1943), and water (Thunberg, 1902). The various methods known for determining egg shell permeability are either too time consuming, require a great deal of equipment or are largely dependent upon subjective evaluation of results. The purpose of this report is to present a rapid and relatively simple method to determine egg shell permeability utilizing a dye penetration technique. EXPERIMENTAL Procedure. The essential part of this technique involves the use of a colorimetric method to determine the degree of dye penetration into or through the shell of the egg. In these studies, methylene blue (Difco 83%) made up to a concentration of 0.1% in absolute methyl alcohol was used as the dye. This solution was found to have a maximum absorbance at 650–660 mμ… .
Day-Ahead Optimization of Prosumer Considering Battery Depreciation and Weather Prediction for Renewable Energy Sources

In recent years, taking advantage of renewable energy sources (RESs) has increased considerably due to their unique capabilities, such as a flexible nature and sustainable energy production. Prosumers, who are defined as proactive users of RESs and energy storage systems (ESSs), are deploying economic opportunities related to RESs in the electricity market. The prosumers are contracted to provide specific power for consumers in a neighborhood during daytime. This study presents optimal scheduling and operation of a prosumer owns RESs and two different types of ESSs, namely stationary battery (SB) and plugged-in electric vehicle (PHEV). Due to the intermittent nature of RESs and their dependency on weather conditions, this study introduces a weather prediction module in the energy management system (EMS) by the use of a feed-forward artificial neural network (FF-ANN). Linear regression results for predicted and real weather data have achieved 0.96, 0.988, and 0.230 for solar irradiance, temperature, and wind speed, respectively. Besides, this study considers the depreciation cost of ESSs in an objective function based on the depth of charge (DOD) reduction. To investigate the effectiveness of the proposed strategy, predicted output and the real power of RESs are deployed, and a mixed-integer linear programming (MILP) model is used to solve the presented day-ahead optimization problem. Based on the obtained results, the predicted output of RESs yields a desirable operation cost with a minor difference (US$0.031) compared to the operation cost of the system using real weather data, which shows the effectiveness of the proposed EMS in this study. Furthermore, optimum scheduling with regard to ESSs depreciation term has resulted in the reduction of operation cost of the prosumer and depreciation cost of ESS in the objective function has improved the daily operation cost of the prosumer by $0.8647.
FRESHWATER INPUT TO A GULF ESTUARY: LONG‐TERM CONTROL OF TROPHIC ORGANIZATION

A long-term (9.5 yr) study addressed the relationship of the trophic orga- nization of a river-dominated Gulf of Mexico estuary with interannual trends of freshwater input and biological controlling features. Alluvial river flow characteristics were evaluated with respect to seasonal and interannual changes in physical, chemical, and biological trends in the receiving estuary. Infaunal and epifaunal macroinvertebrates and fishes taken over the period of sampling in the Apalachicola Bay system were transformed into their trophic equivalents. The long-term trophic organization of the bay was then related to observed changes in the physical and chemical conditions in the receiving estuary with particular attention to long-term response to a 2-yr drought. Within limited natural bounds of fresh- water flow from the Apalachicola River, there was little change in the trophic organization of the receiving estuary over prolonged periods. The physical instability of the estuary was actually a major component in the continuation of a biologically stable estuarine system. However, when a specific threshold of freshwater reduction was reached during a prolonged natural drought, we suggest that the clarification of the normally turbid and highly colored river-estuarine system led to rapid changes in the pattern of primary production, which, in turn, were associated with major changes in the trophic structure of the system. Increased light penetration due to the cessation of river flow was an important factor in the temporal response of bay productivity and herbivore/omnivore abundance. There was a dichotomous response of the estuarine trophic organization, with herbivores and omnivores responsive to river-dominated physicochemical factors whereas the carnivores responded to biological factors. Trophic response time could be measured in months to years from the point of the initiation of low-flow conditions. The reduction of nutrient loading during the drought period was postulated as a major cause of the loss of productivity of the river-dominated estuary during and after the drought period. Recovery of such productivity with resumption of increased river flows was likewise a long-term event. Based on the observed trends in the bay, postulated permanent reductions of freshwater flows due to anthropogenous ac- tivities could lead to major reductions of biological productivity in the Apalachicola Bay system. The long-term data indicated that, with reduction of freshwater flow below a level specific for the receiving system, the physically controlled, highly productive river-estu- arine system would become a species-rich, biologically controlled bay with substantially reduced productivity.
Angling Success for Atlantic Salmon (Salmo salar) in the River Wye in Relation to Effort and River Flows

Salmon catch and effort data for 1977 from ten private fisheries on the River Wye are analysed and discussed. The 555 salmon caught represent 10.7% of the total Wye rod catch and the mean angling success rate of 0.045 ± 0.022 salmon per angler-hour, equivalent to about 22 h per salmon, compares favourably with that for other rivers in Britain and Canada. Over 75% of all salmon caught were 2 sea-winter fish, the age distribution of salmon caught in the sample being similar to those for the whole river. Angling success in the upper reaches during July and August may have been reduced by limited availability affected by water temperatures too high for migration, Flows most suitable for successful angling in each fishery are compared in relation to distance from the estuary and long-term average daily flows. Salmon appeared to be caught nearer the crest of a spate in the upper compared with the lower reaches of the river and this difference is discussed.
A modular framework for mobile security analysis

ABSTRACT This paper presents an innovative framework for the analysis of Mobile Applications, with specific emphasis on partial automation. Our methodology is based on a combination of static and dynamic analysis, allowing for increased overall accuracy. We adopted the OWASP “Mobile top 10” document as a guideline and a source for vulnerability relevance and statistics. The work has led to the development of a modular Framework, where each module aims at analyzing a specific vulnerability. The framework is multi-platform and allows to perform analyses on both Android and iOS devices. It also offers a graphical interface where the results of the analysis are reported. The implemented modules have focused, for the time being, on the analysis of Android applications, on the areas related to Data Storage and Network Communication, and on the Android Manifest. With the help of this framework, we have analyzed about 105 apps collected from the Google Play Store, for a number of different domains. In particular, we considered the apps that could collect and manage sensitive data, such as payment and banking data. The experimental results show that the framework is effective and accurate, and the set of discovered vulnerabilities suggest that it is necessary to increase security awareness not only for developers but also for users.
Expanding and diversifying the pool of undergraduates who study economics: Insights from a new introductory course at Harvard

Abstract Economics does not attract as broad or diverse a pool of talent as it could. For example, women comprise less than one-third of economics bachelor’s degree recipients, significantly lower than in math or statistics. The authors present a case study of a new introductory economics course that enrolled 400 students, achieved nearly 50–50 gender balance, and was among the highest-rated courses at Harvard. They summarize the course’s content and pedagogy, illustrate how this approach differs from traditional courses, and identify elements of the approach that appear to underlie its success: personal connection, real-world exposure, scientific inquiry, career value, and social relevance. They conclude by discussing how these ideas for improving economics instruction could be applied in other courses and tested empirically in future research.
The colours of love: facial thermal reactions of people thinking about their lovers

ABSTRACT Romantic love involves peculiar psychological and neural processes that are closely connected with autonomic-visceral changes. The present study aimed at investigating the thermal response associated to the love induction task. The facial thermal imprints of forty-four people who were in love and in romantic relationships at the time of the experiment were recorded. Thermal signals were extracted from six regions of interest (ROIs), positioned on the tip of the nose, the upper nose and the perioral areas. The experimental protocol was composed of two conditions, randomised among the subjects: love and control conditions. In the first one, participants were initially asked to think about their partners, then to keep continuing this task while listening to a song related to their relationships; in the second one, they were asked to think about someone else’s relationship, then keep continuing this task while listening to positive-content song, unknown to the specific participant. The results showed that, when experiencing the love condition, the temperature of the nasal tip of the subjects increased, compared to the control condition. Moreover, the data showed that music induced a far more intense peripheral response. Thinking about their partners whilst listening to the love song caused higher peripheral (nose temperature) and subjective responses than with the unknown happy song, which suggests that love induction task activates peculiar patterns that go beyond mere positive feelings.
Pepila Weise: Taxonomic identity of the genus and revision of the megalopoides species-group, and description of two new species from Australia (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae: Alticinae)

In this paper some taxonomic observations on the Australian flea beetle genus Pepila Weise, 1923 are reported. The following species are transferred to the genus Pepila and lectotypes for them designated: Chaetocnema carinata Baly, 1877; Plectroscelis crassipennis Blackburn, 1896; Chaetocnema fuscomaculata Baly, 1877; Plectroscelis hypocrita Blackburn, 1896; Chaetocnema laticeps Baly, 1877; Plectroscelis meyricki Blackburn, 1896; Dibolia ochracea Waterhouse, 1838; Plectroscelis pallidior Blackburn, 1896; Dibolia pygmaea Waterhouse, 1838; Plectroscelis quadraticollis Blackburn, 1896; Chaetocnema submetallescens Baly, 1877; Plectroscelis tumbyensis Blackburn, 1896; Chaetocnema waterhousei Baly, 1877. The synonymy of Chaetocnema submetallescens Baly, 1877 with Plectroscelis longior Blackburn, 1896 is proposed. In addition, the megalopoides species-group, including P. megalopoides Weise, 1923, P. uptoni n.sp. , and P. longifallica n.sp. , is analyzed.
Microbiological quality of poultry meat: a review

Poultry meat can be contaminated with a variety of microorganisms, including those capable of spoiling the product during chill storage, and certain foodborne pathogens. Human illness may follow from handling of raw meat, undercooking or mishandling of the cooked product. While Salmonella and Campylobacter spp. remain the organisms of greatest global concern in this respect, others present include the more recently reported Arcobacter and Helicobacter spp. and, occasionally, verotoxigenic Escherichia coli. Also considered here is the growing problem of antimicrobial resistance among poultry-associated pathogens. Because of the need for a systematic and universally applicable approach to food safety control, the Hazard Analysis Critical Control Point (HACCP) concept is increasingly being introduced into the Poultry Industry, and Quantitative Risk Assessment (QRA) is being applied to microbial hazards. Among a number of completed and on-going studies on QRA are those undertaken by FAO/WHO on Salmonella and Campylobacter in broilers. In the case of Campylobacter, however, any QRA must assume at present that all strains have the same pathogenic potential for humans and comparable survival capabilities, even though this is unlikely to be the case. Implementation of the HACCP system in poultry processing plants addresses zoonotic agents that are not detectable by conventional meat inspection procedures and can help to control contamination of carcasses with spoilage organisms. The system brings obvious benefits in optimising plant hygiene, ensuring compliance with legislation and providing evidence of 'due diligence' on the part of the processor. It is now being applied globally in two different situations: in one, such as that occurring in the USA, carcass contamination is clearly reduced as carcasses pass through the process and are finally chilled in super-chlorinated water. There is also the option to use a chemical-rinse treatment for further reduction of microbial contamination. In the second scenario, processors in the EU are not allowed to super-chlorinate process water, and water chilling, which has an important washing effect, is confined to carcasses intended for freezing. Also, chemical decontamination is prohibited until 2006 at the earliest. Therefore, for fresh carcasses that are air chilled, there is presently no marked reduction in carcass contamination and no Critical Control Point at which a significant reduction in pathogen contamination can be guaranteed. Overall, effective control of the organisms is best realised through a farm-to-fork approach at all stages of the supply chain.
Infectivity and reproduction of Scutellonema bradys on weeds and cultivated plant species

The nematode Scutellonema bradys is the main phytosanitary problem of yam (Dioscorea rotundata) in the Brazilian State of Bahia. Little is known about the host range of this nematode in Brazil, especially on weeds and plant species cultivated together with yam. This study aimed at evaluating different plant species to determine their host status to S. bradys and to study the relative infectivity of different stages of the nematode on selected host plants. Among the 48 evaluated plant species, 12 were infected by S. bradys. Yam was considered to be the only good host of the nematode, while Luffa algyptiaca, Momordica charantia, Heliotropium indicum, Vigna unguiculata, Cucurbita pepo, Abelmoschus esculentus, Sicana odorifera, Solanum lycopersicum and Ipomoea batatas were classified as bad hosts because of the relatively low reproduction factor as compared to yam. Crotalaria juncea and Cajanus cajan behaved as trap plants because large numbers of S. bradys penetrated their roots but populations decreased over time. Our results showed that juveniles are more infective than females and these are more infective than males on roots of five host plants. We also demonstrated that S. bradys prefers certain host plants as inferred by their lower reproduction on roots of these hosts. Penetration of juveniles tended to be spread over 16 days after inoculation, whereas for adults it was more concentrated at 8 days after inoculation. These results may be important to plan crop rotation schemes to control the yam nematode.
Deletion of the NH2-terminal β-Hairpin of the Ribotoxin α-Sarcin Produces a Nontoxic but Active Ribonuclease*

Ribotoxins are a family of highly specific fungal ribonucleases that inactivate the ribosomes by hydrolysis of a single phosphodiester bond of the 28 S rRNA. α-Sarcin, the best characterized member of this family, is a potent cytotoxin that promotes apoptosis of human tumor cells after internalization via endocytosis. This latter ability is related to its interaction with phospholipid bilayers. These proteins share a common structural core with nontoxic ribonucleases of the RNase T1 family. However, significant structural differences between these two groups of proteins are related to the presence of a long amino-terminal β-hairpin in ribotoxins and to the different length of their unstructured loops. The amino-terminal deletion mutant Δ(7–22) of α-sarcin has been produced in Escherichia coli and purified to homogeneity. It retains the same conformation as the wild-type protein as ascertained by complete spectroscopic characterization based on circular dichroism, fluorescence, and NMR techniques. This mutant exhibits ribonuclease activity against naked rRNA and synthetic substrates but lacks the specific ability of the wild-type protein to degrade rRNA in intact ribosomes. The results indicate that α-sarcin interacts with the ribosome at two regions, i.e. the well known sarcin-ricin loop of the rRNA and a different region recognized by the β-hairpin of the protein. In addition, this latter protein portion is involved in interaction with cell membranes. The mutant displays decreased interaction with lipid vesicles and shows behavior compatible with the absence of one vesicle-interacting region. In agreement with this conclusion, the deletion mutant exhibits a very low cytotoxicity on human rhabdomyosarcoma cells.