Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Suivi des ressources en eau par télédétection multi-capteur: désagrégation de données spatiales et modélisation descendante des processus hydrologiques

Certaines variables extraites par teledetection sont potentiellement tres utiles en hydrologie. C'est le cas de l'humidite du sol en surface qui controle la partition des precipitations en evaporation du sol, infiltration et ruissellement de surface. C'est aussi le cas de la temperature de surface qui lorsque l’energie n’est pas limitante est une signature de l’evapotranspiration. Pourtant la resolution spatiale a laquelle ces donnees sont disponibles depuis l’espace n'est pas toujours compatible avec les echelles d'application. Dans ce contexte, la desagregation de donnees apparait comme un moyen d'ameliorer la resolution spatiale des observations disponibles et de spatialiser les processus hydrologiques a des echelles multiples a l’aide de modeles descendants, c’est-a-dire bases sur les donnees spatiales. Au cours de cet expose, je presenterai 1) des methodes de desagregation des donnees d’humidite du sol et de temperature de surface, 2) des modeles descendants de l’evaporation du sol et de l’evapotranspiration des surfaces et 3) une generalisation de ces approches permettant a long terme une spatialisation d’autres donnees spatiales et des processus hydrologiques associes.
Radiation Hardness of 4H-SiC JFETs in MGy Dose Ranges

Silicon carbide junction field effect transistors (SiC JFETs) were irradiated with gamma-rays up to 9 MGy (H2O). With increasing dose, apparent shift of drain current-gate voltage (ID-VG) curves to negative voltage side as observed for SiC metal oxide semiconductor (MOS) FETs did not take place. No significant difference is observed between drain and gate leakage currents of irradiated JFETs. This strongly indicates that defects as leakage paths were introduced into not bulk region but the interface between bulk and the passivation layer of SiO2. While, the transfer characteristics including threshold voltage and transconductance were slightly changed compared with the pristine sample. After drain voltage (VD) was abruptly applied to 6 V, ID at VG= 0 V increased slowly as a function of time. This indicates that variation of transfer characteristics is attributed to capture and emission process at defects generated in channel region.
Experimental research on recombinant human endostatin-induced cardiomyocyte apoptosis in rats

Objective To explore the recombinant human endostatin (rh-ES)-induced cardiotoxicity in rats and its mechanism. Methods Twenty four female Wistar rats were randomly divided into four groups (6 each). Rats in low, moderate and high dose group received rh-ES with a dosage of 3, 6 and 12mg/(kg·d), respectively, by intraperitoneal injection, and rats in control group received the same amount of normal saline alone. Half of rats in each group were sacrificed by spinal dislocation after 4 weeks and 8 weeks of the treatment. Pathomorphologic and ultrastructural changes in rat's myocardial tissue were evaluated by light microscopy and transmission electron microscopy. Cardiomyocyte apoptosis was detected with TdT-mediated dUTP nick end labeling (TUNEL) assay. Microvessel density (MVD) in myocardial tissue was measured by immunohistochemically marking endothelial cell with CD34. Results No pathomorphologic and ultrastrucural changes were found under light microscope and transmission electron microscope in the low dose and moderate dose groups, but cardiomyocyte damage were found in the high dose group. TUNEL assay revealed more apoptotic cells in high and moderate (only 8 weeks) dose groups than in control group (P=0.033, P=0.000), and the apoptosis index was highest in the high dose group at 8 weeks. In addition, compared with the control group, MVD significantly increased in high dose groups at 4 weeks and 8 weeks (P<0.05). Conclusions rh-ES induces the cardiotoxicity in rats, and cardiomyocyte apoptosis is involved in the pathological course of cardiac toxicity. DOI: 10.11855/j.issn. 0577-7402.2014. 01.02
Supporting improvised games for young people in public spaces

Researchers looking at technologically mediated play and games have explored how games can be taken away from the computer screen and played in outdoor spaces. This has resulted in new pervasive games that benefit from the opportunities for rich social and physical interaction in new mobile contexts. However, we have only just begun to explore these opportunities; game designs should bring young people together in these new contexts in play that is appropriate, meaningful, and can be enjoyed on their own mobile devices. The research in this thesis explores how game designers and interaction designers can design more playful mobile games for young people that can be played together in public spaces. This work draws upon a research through design approach that has been informed by the researcher’s own practice of game design and working co-creatively with custodians of public spaces. The contributions are based on the analysis of empirical data collected from two case studies in a community library and a country house, while additionally drawing upon three further game designs made in collaborations with other partners. This work contributes a game design framework that provides an approach, a step by step method, guidelines and a software library for making mobile games with more open, spontaneous, and improvised styles of play. The mobile games are designed with and based on a simplistic game system that presents digital playing cards to provide the game structure and bound play, while the mobile device is also used to configure the play space and sustain play. The intention is to provide designers with a practical and evidence-based approach to designing digital games for new mobile contexts. This work will appeal to game designers who are motivated by an interest in play and playfulness that will resonate with our childhood
Macroinvertebrates’ Pollution Tolerance Index in Calabar River, Cross River State, Nigeria

A study was undertaken to determine the macroinvertebrates pollution tolerance index (PTI) in Calabar River, Cross River state, Nigeria. Five sampling stations were chosen along the river course: Ikot Okon Abasi, Tinapa, Unicem, Marina resort and Nsidung beach which were labeled stations 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5 respectively. Physico-chemical parameters; surface water temperature, pH, dissolved oxygen (DO), biochemical oxygen demand (BOD), total dissolved solids (TDS) and total suspended solids (TSS) were measured using their respective meters while macroinvertebrates were sampled using a Van Veen grab, stained with Rose Bengal solution and identified under microscope. Macroinvertebrates pollution tolerance index was obtained using online software designed by Northern Kentucky Univeristy and Leaf Pack Network Biotic and Water Quality Calculator. The results obtained for physicochemical parameters showed the highest temperature as 29.90C in station five while the lowest was 26.40C in station one. pH was highest (6.60) in station five and lowest (5.52) in station one. DO was highest (4.4mg/L) in station four and lowest (3.0 mg/L) in station five while BOD was highest (3.2 mg/L) in station three and lowest (0.3 mg/L) in station one. An average total of 5366 macroinvertebrate individuals were encountered belonging to nine families and eleven species. Tubificidae had the lowest occurrence with 18 individuals which made up 0.3% of the total macroinvertebrates while Penaeidae had the highest occurrence with 2,455 individuals constituting 45.8% of the total count. Pollution tolerance index was highest (21) in station five and lowest (9) in station four with the water quality being generally poor. Hence, it is suggested that anthropogenic activities should be regulated and continuous monitoring of the river course should be carried out.
Structural framework and its compartmentalisation within the associated uncertainties: A case study from the Statfjord Reservoir, Northern North Sea

The study to define the degree of compartmentalization along with the associated uncertainties has been done to aid the exploration sector to maximize its hidden potentials. Statfjord reservoir as the object of this study provides a robust clastic data which contains six different zones based upon petrophysical analysis. Seismic data interpretation is the core method to generate the structural and surface interpretation, followed by the structural framework modeling to define the juxtaposition along with the segmented fault system. The result shows moderate clay content (Effective Shale Gouge Ratio) ranging between 40% - 60% with 0.3 MD (millidarcy) permeability, which indicates moderately sealing faults. The compartments also considered having two different scenarios concerning its migration pathway. This is because of the limited well data at the reservoir system, therefore, two different Oil to Water Contact (OWC) value has been added (-2717m and -2617m).
Perspectivas para el desarrollo de la administración y retos para la dirección de las organizaciones.

Administration, as incipient science, presents a series of challenges to the organization’sdirector and for academy itself. The adaptation, the strategy, the communication skills andeven the ability to radiate in the organization in the organization a sense of accomplishment,are approaches that will shape the development of the organization and management as aset of knowledge that should facilitate the sustainability of the organization as a complexsystem.
ADVANCES IN INFORMATION SCIENCE Bias in Peer Review

Research on bias in peer review examines scholarly communication and funding processes to assess the epistemic and social legitimacy of the mechanisms by which knowledge communities vet and self-regulate their work. Despite vocal concerns, a closer look at the empirical and methodological limitations of research on bias raises questions about the existence and extent of many hypothesized forms of bias. In addition, the notion of bias is predicated on an implicit ideal that, once articulated, raises questions about the normative implications of research on bias in peer review. This review provides a brief description of the function, history, and scope of peer review; articulates and critiques the conception of bias unifying research on bias in peer review; characterizes and examines the empirical, methodological, and normative claims of bias in peer review research; and assesses possible alternatives to the status quo. We close by identifying ways to expand conceptions and studies of bias to contend with the complexity of social interactions among actors involved directly and indirectly in peer review. Nature and Purpose of Peer Review Peer review is an established component of professional practice, the academic reward system, and the scholarly publication process. The fundamental principle is straightforward: experts in a given domain appraise the professional performance, creativity, or quality of scientific work produced by others in their field or area of competence. In most cases, reviewer identity is hidden (single-blind review) to encourage frank commentary by protecting against possible reprisals by authors; and, in some cases, author identities
Synthesis composite starch-chitosan as biodegradable plastic for food packaging

A composite starch/chitosan that optimized by addition glycerin as plastizier has been synthesized. The effects of starch/chitosan are increasing the mechanical properties and decreasing the degradation time of bioplastics. The composite mixed with compositions of the starch (S)/chitosan (C) are 0/100, 35/65, 45/55, 50/50, 55/45, 65/35, and 100/0 respectively. The composites were characterized by using Fourier Transform Infra-Red (FTIR), tensile strength test and biodegradation test. The data shows that the mechanical properties of bioplastics increase to increasing composition of chitosan. The maximum value of tensile strength are 60.629 was obtained the composition of the starch (S)/chitosan (C) for 35/65. The biodegradation tested shows that mass of sample has decreased to 80% on 14 days. It means that composite from starch/chitosan very potential to become new material to produce eco- friendly food package.
Wetting behavior between fibre & resin in vacuum assisted resin transfer molding (VARTM)

T. Ohara, I. Ueno, S. Ogihara, K. Watanabe 1 Div. Mech. Eng. , Graduate School of Science & Technology, Tokyo University of Science 2 Dept. Mech. Eng. , Fac. Science & Technology, Tokyo University of Science 3 Materials Science & Analysis Research Center, Mitsubishi Rayon Co., Ltd. 1,2 2641 Yamazaki, Noda-shi, Chiba 278-8510 Japan 3 4-1-2 Ushikawa-dohri, Toyohashi, Aichi 440-8601, Japan * Email : ich@rs.noda. tus.ac. jp
Measles complications in a Nigerian hospital setting

In spite of active measles vaccination efforts in 2005 in southern Nigeria, re-emergence continues to occur. This study was carried out to ascertain the incidence of measles, severity, mortality and its complications, in order to enhance treatment and reduce under-five child mortality. Secondary data from the records in the measles ward of Oni Memorial Children’s Hospital, Ibadan was used. The period under investigation was 2005 to 2008, following the catch-up and follow-up measles vaccination exercise. Four hundred children between the ages of 5 months and 14 years were clinically diagnosed with measles from 2005 to 2008, of which 124 (31%) had complications. Among those with complications, 70 (56.5%) mortalities were observed, and as the children approached 14 years of age, incidence of measles reduced to 0%. Measles is still a major childhood problem in the southern part of Nigeria, even as the burden is more in northern Nigeria. This will invariably hamper global measles mortality reduction initiatives and the attainment of the fourth millennium development goal of reduction of under-five child mortality by 2015, hence the need for a coordinated and strategic mass vaccination effort to target unimmunized children. Key words: Measles in children, complications, clinical diagnosis, mortality, mass vaccination.
The cause of dropout and hospitalization in peritoneal dialysis patients.

Objective To find the cause of dropout and hospitalization in peritoneal dialysis (PD) patients. Methods Ninety PD patients were enrolled. Their dropout and hospitalization were reviewed. Dialysis adequacy, nutritional status and cardiac - cerebral vascular comorbidity were also evaluated. Results The PD patients 1 - year,2 -year and 5-year technique survival 94.4% , 79. 8% and 40. 1% respectively. The main causes of dropout were cardiac-cerebral vascular diseases and infectious disease. These patients had 0.99±1.04 hospitalizations per year and the hospitalization rate was 16.4 days per year. The main causes of hospitalization were cardiac - cerebral vascular diseases and PD related infections. Heart failure due to volume overload was an important cause of hospitalization. Nonactivity and serum CRP level were independent factors to predict the dropout of the PD patients, and hospitalization rate was related to nonactivity, serum CRP level and SGA independently. Conclusion Cardiac - cerebral vascular diseases and infectious diseases were the main cause for dropout and hospitalization in PD patients. Nutritional, Inflammation and cardiovascular status had a great effect on progression of PD patients. Peritonitis is still a cause of dropout and hospitalization in PD patients.
Transitioning from central venous catheter to arteriovenous fistula : the hemodialysis patient experience

An estimated 200,000 British Columbians are afflicted with some degree of chronic renal disease in which the kidneys can no longer remove toxins from the body and they need a machine to perform this function. Hemodialysis is the most common way to do this and involves the creation of an access directly into the patient’s blood stream that connects to the machine. Two types of vascular accesses are arteriovenous fistulas (AVF) and central venous catheters (CVC). There is limited research available that discusses why patients choose to dialyze with AVFs or CVCs and there is no research that could be found that addresses the transition experience of patients who have utilized both accesses. The purpose of this study was to explore the experiences of hemodialysis patients who had utilized and transitioned from a CVC to an AVF. An interpretive descriptive design was used. Eleven patients participated in semistructured interviews. Constant comparative analysis was used to analyze the data that uncovered three main themes: Impact, Coping, and Factors influencing impact and ability to cope. Participants experienced the impact of their vascular accesses within the larger context of living with end stage renal disease (ESRD). Regardless of the access, participants’ lifestyles were significantly affected and superimposed on physical and psychosocial impacts. They coped using a variety of strategies including exercising control, focusing on the positive, and struggling to accept. Participants described several factors that influenced the impact of their vascular accesses and their ability to cope including patient education, trust in health care providers, transportation, and family. Participants’ stories of vascular access transition revealed the sense of burden vascular accesses were for self and loved ones, the threat to body Image, the allconsuming fear of the unknown, and information challenges. This study elucidates the need for further exploration of issues related to improving the patient experience of vascular access with attention to body image, fear of cannulation, access to resources and trust in health care providers and the information they provide.
The dynamic research of establishing fatty liver rats induced by high-fat diet

Aim To establish the fatty liver animal model induced by high-fat diet.Observe the dynamic variety of the hepatic steatosis in the different time.Finding out the ideal animal model-making time of hyperlipidemia and nonalcoholic fatty liver.Methods 50 wistar rats were fed with high-fat diet.The serum TG,TC,HDL,LDL,AST,and ALT were detected from 2 to 6 weeks.At the same time,we analyzed the hepatic steatosis situation. Results The rats developed hyperlipidemia and slight fatty liver after two weeks.In the following weeks,the serum lipid level and liver index kept rising.So did the amount of steatosis cells in liver tissue.The 3～4 weeks animal model had developed moderate fatty liver and the 5～6 weeks animal model had developed serious fatty liver.Liver fibrosis was detected in the 6 weeks animal model.Conclusions Feeding with high-fat diet,different phases of fatty liver had been developed in six weeks,and could been used for correlative pharmacological test.
Anterior Cruciate Ligament Mechanoreceptors Regeneration Following Reconstruction Using Autografts

Copyright: © 2013 Angoules AG. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. Anterior Cruciate Ligament (ACL) reconstruction is a widespread surgical intervention conducting for a common knee injury which results in ligamentous rupture and deficiency [1,2]. With the increased number of people who participate in sports activities these surgical procedures are expected to increase in the upcoming years.
Computational analysis and design of the morphology of organic solar cells

Projected increases in energy demand and increasing global concern regarding climate change have focused research attention on renewable, clean energy sources, such as organic solar cells (OSCs). OSCs based on blend of electron donating conjugate polymers and electron accepting fullerene materials have potential to be a disruptive technology within the solar cell market. OSCs have several advantages over their inorganic counterparts. The materials used in most OSCs are flexible, allowing for easier transport and installation of such devices. However, because of OSCs main deficiency of significantly low photocurrent generation, they have not yet seen mass adoption in industry. The problem of low photocurrent generation of OSCs is examined in this thesis. In this thesis we focus on computational study and design of OSCs. We explore various strategies in order to increase photocurrent generation of OSCs through morphology improvement. We perform OSC simulation using both continuum and atomistic models. Our continuum model is based on excitonic drift-diffusion (XDD) equations. First, we develop an efficient and fast framework for simulation of OSC current generation. Second, we apply the morphology aware XDD model to the experimentally retrieved large domain morphology for the first time with an in-house parallel computing framework using the finite element method. Third, we couple, XDD model with CAD and optimization techniques to design new 2D and 3D microstructures whose performance is better than known microstructures (bilayer and bulk heterojunctions). Later we develop an atomistic model in order to investigate effect of different parameters on the performance of the organic solar cell. we utilize a directed graph representation to relate the microscopic properties of polymer systems and the consequent charge transfer.
Mechanical performance of FRP-confined geopolymer concrete under seawater attack

In the study, mechanical properties and durability performance of confined/unconfined geopolymer concrete and ordinary concrete specimens were investigated under ambient and seawater environments. Some of the specimens were confined by carbon fiber and basalt fiber–reinforced polymer fabric materials with one layer and three layers under chloride and ambient environments to observe mechanical strength contribution and durability performances of these hybrid types of materials. These fiber-reinforced polymer fabric materials were also evaluated in terms of retrofit purposes especially in the marine structures. In addition, microstructural evaluation is also conducted using scanning electron microscope on geopolymer concrete and ordinary concrete specimens to observe the amount of deterioration in microscale due to the chloride attacks. Results indicated that confined specimens exhibited enhanced strength, ductility, and durability properties than unconfined specimens, and the degree of the enhancement depended on the fiber-reinforced polymer confinement type and the number of fiber-reinforced polymer layer. Specimens confined by carbon fabrics with three layers showed superior mechanical properties and durability performance against chloride attack, while specimens confined by basalt fabrics with one layer exhibited low performance, and unconfined specimens showed the worst performance. Both fiber-reinforced polymer fabric materials can be utilized as retrofit materials in structural elements against chloride attacks. The results also pointed out that seawater attack reduced the ductility performance of the geopolymer concrete and ordinary concrete specimens. Furthermore, geopolymer concrete specimens were found more durable than the ordinary concrete specimens, and both types of concretes exhibited similar fracture properties, indicating that geopolymer concrete can be utilized for structural elements instead of ordinary concretes.