Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Le mélanome et les polymorphismes associés au dysfonctionnement du système immunitaire

La recherche biomedicale profite de plus en plus au developpement des techniques de sequencage et d'analyse de l'ADN. Les couts du sequencage ont drastiquement baisses au cours de ces dernieres annees et les genomes-wides associations studies (GWAS) ont revolutionne l'approche de la recherche genetique en mettant en evidence associations et single-nucleotide-polymorphisms (SNPs) qui pourraient etre importantes pour la susceptibilite a developper des maladies dites communes. La majorite des cancers appartiennent a cette definition de maladie commune, ils sont generalement causes par une accumulation de lesions/mutations de l'ADN aboutissant a une perte de controle de la proliferation et du cycle cellulaire. Ces mutations peuvent etre hereditaires, acquises ou une combinaison des deux. Dans la plupart des cancers communs (cancers qui n'ont pas une heredite familiale importante) les mutations de l'ADN sont souvent amenees par des facteurs tels que inflammation chronique, tabac, virus, exposition aux radiations, aux agents chimiques. Ceci est le cas pour le melanome egalement, un cancer de la peau qui est correle a l'exposition des rayons UV solaires ou artificiels. Une hypothese largement acceptee aujourd'hui est que les tumeurs, a travers leur accumulation progressive de mutations somatiques et d'anomalies chromosomiques, finissent par echapper au controle exerce par le systeme immunitaire. Il est par consequence imaginable que des polymorphismes naturels puissent renforcer ou affaiblir la capacite du systeme immunitaire a freiner voir arreter la progression tumorale.
Establishment of a core collection of Cynodon based on morphological data

In a field plot study conducted in Danzhou, Hainan province, China, a total of 537 wild Cynodon accessions from 22 countries and classified into 11 groups according to taxonomy and origin, were characterized in terms of 11 phenotypic traits in order to construct a core collection. For this, the optimal strategy was developed by screening within the following method levels: (i) 7 sampling proportions (5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30 and 35%); (ii) 3 sampling methods (preferential sampling, deviation sampling and random sampling); (iii) 5 clustering methods [single linkage, completed linkage, median linkage, unweighted pair-group average (UPGMA) and Ward’s method]; (iv) 3 genetic distances (Euclidean distance, Mahalanobis distance and principal component distance); and (v) 3 sampling proportions within groups (simple, logarithmic and square root proportions). Mean difference percentage, variance difference percentage, coincidence rate of range and variation coefficient changing rate were the criteria adopted for evaluating how well the core collection represented the original collection. The correlation between the original and core collections was determined for comparison. The core collections were validated with the sample distribution diagram of the main components. Results showed that the optimal sampling method for constructing a Cynodon core collection was preferential sampling, the optimal sampling proportion being 20%. The optimal sampling proportion within groups was the square root proportion, the optimal genetic distance was Mahalanobis distance and the optimal clustering method was UPGMA. The proposed core collection of Cynodon is composed of 108 accessions; it was constructed following the optimal sampling strategy identified and retained the original collection ́s phenotypic diversity, phenotypic trait correlations and phenotypic group structure. Thus, this collection could be considered a representative sample of the entire resource.
RESPONSABILIDAD SOCIAL CORPORATIVA EN EL ECUADOR

La Responsabilidad Social Corporativa otorga una gran oportunidad de incrementar el valor agregado convirtiendo todas sus propuestas en acciones que permitan una real convergencia con las necesidades de la sociedad. Las organizaciones que la aplican no solo ven el desarrollo de la empresa sino tambien el desarrollo de la comunidad donde desempena sus operaciones, uno de los principales referentes es la vinculacion con la etica empresarial. Esta postura permite conocer las necesidades del interior y dandole tambien informacion que permita crear nuevos productos y politicas de desempeno y mejora de eficiencia operativa. A traves de esta investigacion, se puede comprobar que en el Ecuador ya se estan realizando acciones de Responsabilidad social y las empresas estan comprometidas con la sociedad y su entorno
Apathetic hyperthyroidism with recurrent pre- syncope: An apathetic diagnostic challenge

Apathetic hyperthyroidism is a rare presentation of thyrotoxicosis which is commonly seen in elderly individuals. In this condition, the classical signs of hyperthyroidism are absent irrespective of the increased thyroid hormones level. The patient presents with signs and symptoms like lethargy, weakness, loss of weight, and depression. We present a case of apathetic hyperthyroidism in a 77-year-old male patient who presented to us with complaints of intermittent anxiety attacks because of paroxysmal atrial fibrillation, weakness, fatigability and chronic depression. The patient was diagnosed as a case of apathetic hyperthyroidism with paroxysmal atrial fibrillation. Keywords: Hyperthyroidism, Paroxysmal atrial fibrillation, Thyroid hormones.
Histopathological spectrum of upper gastrointestinal endoscopic biopsies

Background: Upper gastrointestinal tract disorders are one of the most commonly encountered problems in the clinical practice. A variety of disorders can affect the upper gastrointestinal tract. Endoscopy, in combination with biopsy, plays an important role in the exact diagnosis for further management.Objectives: To determine the spectrum of histopathological lesions of upper gastrointestinal tract.Methods: A prospective study was conducted in the Department of Pathology, Kathmandu Medical College and Teaching Hospital, Nepal from January 2015 to December 2016 (2 years). Results: A total 243 endoscopic biopsies were evaluated. Out of which, 219 cases were from gastric, 15 were from esophagus and 9 were from duodenum. Among the gastric biopsies, 77 cases (35.16%) were chronic active gastritis and 27 cases (12.33%) were malignant. The most common malignancy was adenocarcinoma. Among the 15 oesophageal biopsies, 12 cases (80%) were of non-neoplastic and 3 cases (20%) were of neoplastic nature. The most common malignancy was squamous cell carcinoma. Among 9 cases of duodenum biopsies, all were non-neoplastic, of which chronic non-specific duodenitis (66.66%) was the commonest.Conclusion: Endoscopy is incomplete without histopathological examination of biopsy and so, the combinations of methods play an important role in diagnosis and management of upper gastrointestinal tract disorders.Journal of BP Koirala Institute of Health Sciences, Vol. 1, No. 1, 2018, Page: 67-74
Bird–plant interactions and vulnerability to biological invasions

Aims Species interactions regulate the invasiveness of non-native species and as declines of native tree species escalate, exotic tree species that offer supplementary resources to animal seed-dispersers should expand their distributions as they fill ecological roles. Our primary objective was to forecast impacts from an imminent biological invasion (laurel wilt disease) by quantifying resources provided by native (threatened) and exotic fruits (disease-resistant) and associated bird foraging preferences. In the southeastern USA, we tested for redundancy among the resources provided by native and exotic fruits to overwintering birds. comparisons between abundant subcanopy species Persea borbonia (native) and Cinnamomum camphora (exotic) were paramount considering the widespread disease-induced decline of P. borbonia , and the biological and phylogenetic similarities between these species. Across two winter survey periods, we quantified fruit removal and documented bird species using motion-activated cameras in the field. Physical and chemical fruit characteristics were also quantified. no difference in selectivity between fruit types during Year 1 of our survey, but there was a significant preference for C. camphora fruit in Year 2; the change in preference was correlated with significantly lower temperatures in Year 2. While the pulp/seed ratio and moisture content differed, the nutritional content of fruit pulp (g/100 g) was similar between fruit types. Given the apparent redundancy among these native and exotic fruit resources, we forecast increases in the consumption and dispersal of exotic propagules following the widespread laurel wilt disease-induced decline of P . borbonia and other native fruit bearing members of Lauraceae. This empirically based prediction is among the first to document exotic forest pathogens as indirect threats to native bird– plant interactions and potential facilitators of exotic plant invasion.
Valor predictivo del ultrasonido renal doppler para el diagnóstico de falla renal en pacientes pediatricos con diagnóstico clínico de sepsis

Sepsis is a serious complication in an infection development, bringing high morbidity when it has multiorgan involvement. Acute renal failure is a clinical syndrome characterized by sudden decrease of glomerular filtration rate with retention of nitrogenated products, inability to maintain homeostasis of fluid, electrolyte and acid-base balance. In the context of sepsis, persistent acute renal failure is one that lasts more than three days and renal failure which is resolved in less than three days because of renal hypoperfusion is considered temporary. In this study, patients with clinical criteria of sepsis admitted at the PICU of the Children's Hospital "Dr. Robert Gilbert were evaluated. The main aim is to demonstrate the usefulness of early renal Doppler in septic pediatric patients in order to predict the risk of acute renal development failure and their poor prognosis. The study posed hypothesissuggests that Persistent Acute Renal Failure in pediatric patients with clinical diagnosis of sepsis can bepredicted through the measurement of Renal Resistance Index with Doppler, involving the clinical evolution. This prospective, observational, non-experimental study involved 41 patients of the PICU with inclusion criteria, between 2 and 14 years of age without comorbidities, whom underwent two clinical-ultrasound controls during hospitalization: diuresis / azoados / renal doppler at 48-72 hours and 3 days later. Methods of descriptive and inferential statistics were used as frequency analysis and logistic regression, respectively, finding that: (i) Sepsis is more common in older infants; (ii) The most common cause of sepsis was pneumonia in 70% of the cases; (iii) 30 out of 41 patients died (70%) and 11 out of 41 patients did not die (27%); (iv) The 100% of the 14 patients who presented Persistent renal failure died; (v) Persistent renal failure was not presented by 27 patients, from which 16 died (59%) and 11 did not die (41%) and (vi) The renal IR had a high positive predictive value for persistent acute renal failure and poor prognosis in patients with sepsis.
The Carbon Dioxide Theory of Climatic Change

The most recent calculations of the infra-red flux in the region of the 15 micron CO 2 band show that the average surface temperature of the earth increases 3.6° C if the CO 2 concentration in the atmosphere is doubled and decreases 3.8° C if the CO 2 amount is halved, provided that no other factors change which influence the radiation balance. Variations in CO 2 amount of this magnitude must have occurred during geological history; the resulting temperature changes were sufficiently large to influence the climate. The CO 2 balance is discussed. The CO 2 equilibrium between atmosphere and oceans is calculated with and without CaCO 3 equilibrium, assuming that the average temperature changes with the CO 2 concentration by the amount predicted by the CO 2 theory. When the total CO 2 is reduced below a critical value, it is found that the climate continuously oscillates between a glacial and an inter-glacial stage with a period of tens of thousands of years; there is no possible stable state for the climate. Simple explanations are provided by the CO 2 theory for the increased precipitation at the onset of a glacial period, the time lag of millions of years between periods of mountain building and the ensuing glaciation, and the severe glaciation at the end of the Carboniferous. The extra CO 2 released into the atmosphere by industrial processes and other human activities may have caused the temperature rise during the present century. In contrast with other theories of climate, the CO 2 theory predicts that this warming trend will continue, at least for several centuries. DOI: 10.1111/j.2153-3490.1956. tb01206.x
Investigating the feasibility and acceptability of real-time visual feedback in reducing compensatory motions during self-administered stroke rehabilitation exercises: A pilot study with chronic stroke survivors

Introduction Homework-based rehabilitation programs can help stroke survivors restore upper extremity function. However, compensatory motions can develop without therapist supervision, leading to sub-optimal recovery. We developed a visual feedback system using a live video feed or an avatar reflecting users' movements so users are aware of compensations. This pilot study aimed to evaluate validity (how well the avatar characterizes different types of compensations) and acceptability of the system. Methods Ten participants with chronic stroke performed upper-extremity exercises under three feedback conditions: none, video, and avatar. Validity was evaluated by comparing agreement on compensations annotated using video and avatar images. A usability survey was administered to participants after the experiment to obtain information on acceptability. Results There was substantial agreement between video and avatar images for shoulder elevation and hip extension (Cohen's κ: 0.6–0.8) and almost perfect agreement for trunk rotation and flexion (κ: 0.80–1). Acceptability was low due to lack of corrective prompts and occasional noise with the avatar display. Most participants suggested that an automatic compensation detection feature with visual and auditory cuing would improve the system. Conclusion The avatar characterized four types of compensations well. Future work will involve increasing sensitivity for shoulder elevation and implementing a method to detect compensations.
Apoptose: implicações na carcinogênese gástrica e sua associação com Helicobacter pylori

A apoptose, um processo geneticamente regulado de morte celular programada, desempenha um papel importante na homeostase do tecido, com a eliminacao de celulas excedentes ou danificadas. A apoptose tem sidoinvestigada em diversas doencas, com a finalidade de compreender o envolvimento desse evento em patologiascomo AIDS, doencas autoimunes e neurodegenerativas e câncer. No processo de multiplos passos do câncer gastrico ha indicacoes de apoptose aumentada em lesoes pre-malignas como gastrite atrofica, ulcera gastrica e metaplasia intestinal induzidas pela Helicobacter pylori, que pode ser reduzida apos erradicacao da bacteria. Apesar da eliminacao de celulas epiteliais na mucosa gastrica, por apoptose, ser um processo fisiologiconormal, quando aumentada, pode levar a uma proliferacao excessiva compensatoria, aumentando a chance de danos no DNA e a carcinogenese gastrica. A regulacao da apoptose e, portanto, um alvo promissor para intervencao terapeutica. Esses aspectos sao discutidos nessa revisao, enfatizando os mecanismos de acao da Helicobacter pylori na inducao da apoptose. (AU)
Dietary Fat Intake and Cognitive Function among Older Populations: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

ObjectiveThe associations between dietary fat intake and cognitive function are inconsistent and inconclusive. This study aimed to provide a quantitative synthesis of prospective cohort studies on the relationship between dietary fat intake and cognitive function among older adults.MethodsPubMed, EMBASE, PsycINFO and Web of Science databases were searched for prospective cohort studies published in English before March 2018 reporting cognitive outcomes in relation to dietary fat intake. Four binary incident outcomes included were mild cognitive impairment (MCI), dementia, Alzheimer disease (AD) and cognitive impairment. The categories of dietary fat intake were based on fat consumption or the percentage of energy from fat consumption, including dichotomies, tertiles, quartiles and quintiles. The relative risk (RR) with the corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CIs) was pooled using a random effects model.ResultsNine studies covering a total of 23,402 participants were included. Compared with the lowest category of consumption, the highest category of saturated fat intake was associated with an increased risk of cognitive impairment (RR = 1.40; 95% CI: 1.02-1.91) and AD (RR: 1.87, 95% CI: 1.09-3.20). The total and unsaturated fat intake was not statistically associated with cognitive outcomes with significant betweenstudy heterogeneity.ConclusionThis study reported a detrimental association between saturated fat intake and cognitive impairment and mixed results between unsaturated fat intake and selected cognitive outcomes. Given the substantial heterogeneity in the sample size and methodology used across studies, the evidence presented here should be interpreted with caution.
ELECTROCHEMICAL CHARACTERIZATION OF AZ 31 MAGNESIUM ALLOY TREATED BY ULTRASONIC IMPACT

Despite of all the well-known convenient properties of magnesium and its alloys, such as low weight, highest specific strength of all metal materials, good damping capacity etc., their applications are still not widely spread due to the insufficient corrosion performance [1], [2], [3], [4], [5]. Generally it is proposed that this derogation is caused by synergic effect of negative standard potential value (-2.36 V vs. SHE), impurities (Fe, Ni, Cu,.), which leads to a micro galvanic effect and non-protective quasi-passive film based on magnesium oxide or hydroxide depending on the nature of environment [6], [7], [8]. This surface film is stable only in highly alkaline solutions [9], [10]. Magnesium and its alloys exhibit strange behaviour during the anodic polarisation called the negative difference effect (or according to the latest researches it is better to call it ‘‘anomalous hydrogen evolution’’), which is represented by the hydrogen evolution (HE) during the anodic reaction [11], [12], [13]. Normally, hydrogen evolution is an accompanying feature of cathodic reaction during the corrosion of metals so there is an intense effort to explain this strange behaviour [14], [15], [16]. Nowadays, researches are focused on increasing of corrosion resistance of Mg alloys by preparation of resistant barrier e.g. coatings, plating or by modification of surface characteristics [17], [18], [19]. Recent works, aimed at application of ultrasonic impact peeing (UIP), propose that this technique has a positive effect on mechanical properties of various materials (steels, Co and Ti alloys and welded materials, etc.), increase the fatigue characteristics and also enhance their corrosion resistance. Due to those pros, the UIP has become a common technology in automotive and civil engineering. Its main principle is represented by deformation of surface by impacts with ultrasonic frequency, which induce favourable compressive residual stresses and decrease harmful tensile stresses in a surface layer. The more detailed description of this method could be found elsewhere [20], [21], [22], [23], [24]. To our best knowledge, the extensive research on influence of the UIP application on corrosion properties (and also on mechanical properties) of magnesium alloys has not been done yet. Therefore, the aim of this contribution is to compare electrochemical characteristics of AZ31 magnesium alloy before and after the UIP by means of potentio-dynamic polarization tests and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy in sodium chloride solution and thus evaluate its effect on corrosion resistance of this alloy.
The effects of intensive exercise after one night's sleep deprivation on muscle damage indexes in the male runners

Introduction: Sleep is generally considered to be a restorative process, having beneficial effects on physiological functions. Evidence suggests athletes worry about the effects of inadequate sleep on performance. The aim of present study was to examine the effects of intensive exercise after one night's sleep deprivation on muscle damage indexes in the male runners. Material & Methods: Twenty four collegiate male runners in Tehran volunteered to participate in this study as the subject. All the subjects, 72h days before sleep deprivation and after about 8 hours of complete sleep were performed intensive exercise. Three days later, after a 30 hours' sleep deprivation, intensive exercise were performed again. Blood samples were taken before the complete sleep or sleep deprivation and before and after the intensive exercise to measure serum creatine kinase (CK), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and Aspartate transaminase (AST). Results: The results indicated that serum CK, LDH and AST were higher in response to intensive exercise after the sleep deprivation in compare to the intensive exercise after the complete sleep. Conclusions: In summary, our results suggest that the sleep deprivation may lead to high levels of muscle damage enzymes and is may be impairs athletic performances.
Bridging the gap between ornithology and fisheries science : use of seabird data in stock assessment models

Seabirds and marine fish share habitats and food webs, but there is too little contact between the disciplines that study them. Fish stock assessment models, designed for use on teleost fishes with high fecundity, high recruitment variability, and continued growth throughout life, may be strengthened by inclusion of seabird data. In some circumstances seabird-based indices of prey abundance could assist in calibration of sequential population analysis of fish stocks. Seabird energy acquisition rates, equivalent to fisheries catch per unit effort, are the most promising avian indicators of stock size. Seabird data may be useful in predicting recruitment of commercial fisheries and in improving estimates of natural fish mortality. The impact of seabird predation on fish stocks depends on the age of targeted fish and their subsequent growth and mortality. Yield-per-recruit analyses, derived from fisheries science, suggest that under plausible conditions the impact of seabird predation on fish stocks may be amplified by avian preference for small prey. Increased collaboration between seabird biology and fisheries science will benefit conservation of both birds and fish.
A review on the storage stability of edible vegetable oils

Now a day’s consumers are more concern toward storage stability of edible oils and fats. Edible oils are more susceptible to oxidation due to the multiple unsaturated bonds in the predominant unsaturated fatty acids such as oleic acid, linoleic acid and linolenic acid. Oxidation of oil leads to unpleasant flavours rancid odours and discoloration. Synthetic antioxidants such as Butylated Hydroxy Toluene (BHT), Butylated Hydroxy Anisole (BHA), Tertiary Butylated Hydroxy Quinone (TBHQ) and Propyl Gallate (PG) have been used against oil rancidity but they have many health issue. Recently attention has been directed towards bioactive plant extracts which offer a unique range of applications for holistic health and wellness and also safer than synthetic ones. Therefore, objective of present review is to provide a comprehensive summary on use of various natural antioxidants to increase the stability of edible oils and the methods available for the prediction of oxidation stability. The effect of antioxidants in preventing the oxidation of oils is also discussed.