Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Out-of-Band Authenticated Group Key Exchange: From Strong Authentication to Immediate Key Delivery

Given the inherent ad-hoc nature of popular communication platforms, out-of-band authenticated key-exchange protocols are becoming widely deployed: Key exchange protocols that enable users to detect man-in-the-middle attacks by manually authenticating one short value. In this work we put forward the notion of immediate key delivery for such protocols, requiring that even if some users participate in the protocol but do not complete it (e.g., due to losing data connectivity or to other common synchronicity issues), then the remaining users should still agree on a shared secret. A property of a similar flavor was introduced by Alwen, Correti and Dodis (EUROCRYPT ’19) asking for immediate decryption of messages in user-to-user messaging while assuming that a shared secret has already been established – but the underlying issue is crucial already during the initial key exchange and goes far beyond the context of messaging. Equipped with our immediate key delivery property, we formalize strong notions of security for out-of-band authenticated group key exchange, and demonstrate that the existing protocols either do not satisfy our notions of security or are impractical (these include, in particular, the protocols deployed by Telegram, Signal and WhatsApp). Then, based on the existence of any passively-secure key-exchange protocol (e.g., the Diffie-Hellman protocol), we construct an out-of-band authenticated group key-exchange protocol satisfying our notions of security. Our protocol is inspired by techniques that have been developed in the context of fair string sampling in order to minimize the effect of adversarial aborts, and offers the optimal tradeoff between the length of its out-of-band value and its security. ∗Department of Computer Science and Applied Mathematics, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel. Email: moni.naor@weizmann.ac.il. †School of Computer Science and Engineering, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 91904, Israel. Email: {lior.rotem,segev}@cs.huji. ac.il.
Investigating Relationship Between Soil Moisture and Precipitation Globally Using Remote Sensing Observations

The complex relationship between precipitation and soil moisture plays a critical role in land surface hydrology. Traditionally, the analysis of this relationship is restricted by the spatial coverage of both soil moisture and precipitation data that are collected through in-situ observations at limited locations. In this study, we utilized the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA)’s remote sensing products of soil moisture (SMAP: Soil Moisture Active Passive) and precipitation (TRMM: Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission), which provide near-global coverage, to investigate the co-variation of precipitation and soil moisture regionally, as a function of ecosystem types and climate regimes. We apply information on land cover and climate regimes to provide insight about correlation strength of soil moisture and precipitation. The results indicate that most of the globe has a moderate to strong positive correlation of SMAP soil moisture and TRMM precipitation data during the study period. In relation to land cover, soil moisture and precipitation have the strongest correlations in regions of limited vegetation, whereas forests and densely vegetated regions have weaker correlations. As for climate regimes, they have the strongest correlations in arid or cold regions, and weaker correlations in humid, temperate locations. While remotely sensed soil moisture data are less reliable in dense vegetation, these results confirm that drier, less vegetated climates show a highly linear relationship between soil moisture and rainfall.
Image-to-Image Translation for Handwriting Generation using GANs

In this paper it is investigated whether machines are able to synthesize human-like handwriting through deep learning that can be used to augment datasets. For this purpose the relatively novel generative adversarial networks (GANs) are deployed and experimented with. GANs are generative neural networks, consisting of two competing networks, that adversarially learn through a loss function to generate new, non-existing samples. There exist several potentially useful loss functions such as L1 and L2. By feeding the network images with machine-print words and simultaneously feeding it images with handwritten words the system learns to mimic the handwriting. These synthesized handwritten words can be used to supplement datasets used to train Handwritten Text Recognition (HTR) systems. Several experiments demonstrate what the optimal settings are in terms of network architecture to achieve machine-print handwriting resembling human writing.
Gender differences within the German-language

The Wikipedia project constitutes the currently most-used and most comprehensive online encyclopedia in the world (Schneider, 2008, p. 35) and is advertising itself as free and open for everyone, and in terms of an encyclopedia as diverse and balanced at all levels. But from a gender perspective there is a huge discrepancy in sex ratio within Wikipedia’s community. In 2005, researchers at University of Würzburg found that women constitute only 10 % of German-language Wikipedia authors (Schroer&Hertel, 2009, p. 104). This fact leads to the presumption, that Wikipedia’s reflection of the world mediates and interprets a mainly male conception of the world and thus displays an inequality with reference to modern society. Proceeding from the assumption that women and men have different communication behaviours as well as different perceptions and interpretations of communication in almost all aspects of social interaction including e.g. conversational strategies, conflict management and negotiation skills, we hypothesize that these different ways of communication significantly affect the motivation of female Wikipedia contributors.
PS-Cache: Un diseño energéticamente eficiente para caches en CMPs

Resumen—El consumo de energı́a es una de las mayores preocupaciones en los diseños actuales de multiprocesadores en chip de altas prestaciones. Esta problemática se acrecenta conforme aumenta el número de núcleos. Una fracción importante del consumo total es consumido por las estructuras cache en el chip, ası́ pues, se ha hecho mucho enfásis en la investigación para reducir el consumo de energı́a en las mismas. Para incrementar las prestaciones, las caches en el chip disponen de un grado de asociatividad elevado. Consecuentemente, acceder concurrentemente a todas las vı́as de un conjunto es costoso en concepto de energı́a. Este paper presenta la arquitectura PS-Cache, un diseño de cache energéticamente eficiente que reduce el número de vı́as accedidas sin perjudicar las prestaciones. La PS-Cache utiliza la información de estado privadocompartido del bloque referenciado para acceder exclusivamente a aquellas vı́as que contengan bloques en ese mismo estado. Los resultados experimentales muestran que, de media, la arquitectura PS-Cache puede reducir el consumo dinámico en las caches L1 y L2 en un 22 % y 40 %, respectivamente. Palabras clave— Multiprocesadores en chip; Memorias cache; Consumo de energı́a; Aplicaciones multihilo
Spatial evolution of small wavelength fluctuations in a Hall Thruster

The spatial evolution of small wavelength (<1 cm) fluctuations in the Hall direction of a 9-kW class magnetically shielded Hall effect thruster is experimentally characterized. High-speed electrostatic probes are used to measure plasma density perturbations in the acceleration region and near field plume of this cross field device. Two types of waves are observed: broadband turbulence in the low hundreds of kilohertz and megahertz oscillations characterized by distinct peaks in the measured power spectrum. The lower frequency content is shown to be commensurate with linear ion acousticlike waves, while the higher frequency oscillations are indicative of cyclotron resonances. It is found that the higher frequency content dominates the power spectrum in the upstream acceleration zone and saturates at a fraction (<0.002) of the thermal energy. Downstream of this region, the lower frequency content becomes dominant, growing until the total wave energy again saturates. It is proposed that both the upstream and downstream modes are the same oscillation, the electron drift instability, but in different limits. The transition from upstream to downstream dispersion may be explained by the electron drift instability undergoing an inverse energy cascade as it forms and propagates with the ion drift in the discharge.The spatial evolution of small wavelength (<1 cm) fluctuations in the Hall direction of a 9-kW class magnetically shielded Hall effect thruster is experimentally characterized. High-speed electrostatic probes are used to measure plasma density perturbations in the acceleration region and near field plume of this cross field device. Two types of waves are observed: broadband turbulence in the low hundreds of kilohertz and megahertz oscillations characterized by distinct peaks in the measured power spectrum. The lower frequency content is shown to be commensurate with linear ion acousticlike waves, while the higher frequency oscillations are indicative of cyclotron resonances. It is found that the higher frequency content dominates the power spectrum in the upstream acceleration zone and saturates at a fraction (<0.002) of the thermal energy. Downstream of this region, the lower frequency content becomes dominant, growing until the total wave energy again saturates. It is proposed that both the upstream and.
Integrin-Linked Kinase Is Involved In the Proliferation and Invasion of Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma

Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) is an aggressive type of cancer with high mortality rate in China, largely due to its high invasive and metastatic potential. The purposes of this study are to investigate the potential molecular mechanisms behind the aggressive nature of ESCC and search for new prognostic biomarkers. By employing the quantitative proteomic based strategy, we compared the proteomic profile between three ESCC samples and paired adjacent tissues. After bioinformatics analysis, four candidate proteins were validated in thirteen paired patient samples. Further validation of the key candidate, integrin-linked kinase (ILK), was carried out in one hundred patient samples. The specific inhibitor compound 22 (cpd22) was used to assess the influence of ILK to ESCC cell motility and invasiveness by applying wound-healing and transwell assay. Western blot analysis was performed to elucidate the signaling pathways involved in ILK-mediated ESCC invasion. Total 236 proteins were identified by proteomic analysis. Bioinformatics analysis suggested a key role of the collagen/integrin/ILK signaling pathway during ESCC progression. Further validation indicated that ILK is overexpressed in ESCC tissues and is correlated with poor patient prognosis. Inhibition of ILK kinase activity suppresses proliferation and blocks invasion and migration of ESCC cells. Signaling pathway analysis revealed that ILK regulates AKT phosphorylation on Ser473 but not GSK-3β on Ser9 to promote proliferation and motility of ESCC cells. In conclusion, our results indicated that ILK may play a crucial role in ESCC invasion and metastasis and may serve as a prognostic biomarker and therapeutic target for ESCC.
Roles of Achieved Levels of Low-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol and High-Sensitivity C-Reactive Protein on Cardiovascular Outcome in Statin Therapy

In statin therapy, the prognostic role of achieved low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP) in cardiovascular outcomes has not been fully elucidated. A total of 4,803 percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI)-naïve patients who prescribed moderate intensity of statin therapy were followed up. Total and each component of major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) according to LDL-C and hsCRP quartiles were compared. The incidence of 5-year total MACEs in the highest quartile group according to the followed-up hsCRP was higher than that in the lowest quartile (hazard ratio (HR) = 2.16, p < 0.001). However, there was no difference between the highest and lowest quartiles of the achieved LDL-C (HR = 0.95, p = 0.743). After adjustment of potential confounders, the incidence of total death, de novo PCI, atrial fibrillation, and heart failure in the highest quartile of followed-up hsCRP, was higher than that in the lowest quartile (all p < 0.05). However, other components except for de novo PCI in the highest quartile by achieved LDL-C was not different to that in the lowest quartile. These results suggest that followed-up hsCRP can be more useful for predicting future cardiovascular outcome than achieved LDL-C in PCI-naïve patients with statin therapy.
S 2 Text . Sources of data and side results of model fitting Organisation of this document

Results of fitting the NiSP model to data from four publications for strains of a single pathogen, that may plausibly be assumed epidemiologically-interchangeable (López-Villavicencio et al., 2007; Seabloom et al., 2009b; Chaturvedi et al., 2011; Koepfli et al., 2011), are presented in Fig. 3 of the main text. Results for three further data sets concerning different pathogens of a single host (Andersson et al., 2013; Moutailler et al., 2016; Nickbakhsh et al., 2016) are in S4 Fig. For convenience the raw data as used in model fitting for these additional datasets are re-tabulated in S1 Table. Results of model fitting are summarized in S2 Table. Ambiguities needed to be resolved in collating these data from what is reported in the original publications. The data presented in Moutailler et al. (2016) are inconsistent, in as much as it is reported that a total of 267 ticks were tested, but the percentage data in the section “Co-infections and associations between pathogens” of the paper instead indicate 262 is the correct total. We have used the value 262 here. Misreporting of the number of uninfected hosts in reference Seabloom et al. (2009b) has been corrected by reference to the original data (Seabloom et al., 2009a) after personal communication with the authors.
Circulating Hsp90 Isoform Levels in Overweight and Obese Children and the Relation to Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease: Results from a Cross-Sectional Study

Background Obesity prevalence is increasing in children. It is associated with various comorbidities including nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Hsp90 isoforms were identified in previous proteomic studies as potential biomarkers for NAFLD. The aim of the study was to analyze circulating levels of Hsp90α and Hsp90β in overweight and obese children. In addition, Hsp90α and Hsp90β were evaluated as biomarkers for NAFLD in overweight and obese children. Methods 68 overweight and obese children and ten age- and gender-matched controls were recruited. Hsp90α and Hsp90β levels were analyzed from serum in both controls and overweight and obese children by ELISA. Results Serum Hsp90β and total Hsp90 levels were statistically significantly higher in overweight and obese children compared to controls. On the contrary, there was no difference in Hsp90α levels between overweight and obese children and healthy controls. Hsp90 isoforms had different expression in NAFLD patients. Hsp90β levels were higher in overweight and obese NAFLD patients while Hsp90α levels were lower. Hsp90α to Hsp90β ratio had better accuracy for NAFLD diagnosis in obese and overweight patients compared to individual biomarkers. Conclusion Hsp90 isoforms were confirmed on an independent cohort as biomarkers for NAFLD in overweight and obese children. In these patients, it seems to be more useful to separately analyze Hsp90 isoforms rather than total Hsp90 as the isoforms have greater discriminative capacity.
THE INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BUSINESS & MANAGEMENT

Budgeting participation is very important to add information that can reduce the ambiguity of roles that support improvements in hospital performance. Management of hospital operating income and costs needs to be done with professional management. This research was a qualitative descriptive study with data collection techniques used interviews, observations, and supporting data. Data analysis consisted of 3 stages, those were data reduction, data presentation, and conclusion drawing / verification. The budget planning process at the At-Turots Al-Islamy Hospital Yogyakarta wasnot optimally yet, forecasting provided significant benefits in estimation accuracy in the form of savings on funds and provides an effective and efficient description of expenditure estimates. 2018 Proceeding Healthcare. All
Arbitrage-free interpolation of call option prices

Abstract In this paper, we introduce a new interpolation method for call option prices and implied volatilities with respect to the strike, which first generates, for fixed maturity, an implied volatility curve that is smooth and free of static arbitrage. Our interpolation method is based on a distortion of the call price function of an arbitrage-free financial “reference” model of one’s choice. It reproduces the call prices of the reference model if the market data is compatible with the model. Given a set of call prices for different strikes and maturities, we can construct a call price surface by using this one-dimensional interpolation method on every input maturity and interpolating the generated curves in the maturity dimension. We obtain the algorithm of N. Kahalé [An arbitrage-free interpolation of volatilities, Risk 17 2004, 5, 102–106] as a special case, when applying the Black–Scholes model as reference model.
New Trends and Issues Proceedings on Humanities and Social Sciences Determinants of venture capital performance in Indonesia

The growth of venture capital in Indonesia from year to year is smaller compared to other industries, both financial institutions and non-bank financial industry. Due to these weak performances, there is an urgency for venture capitals in Indonesia to improve their performances. For this purpose, we need to identify factors influencing venture capital performance in Indonesia as well as to determine their weighting scheme. The research was conducted to fill the gap. In this research, we combined qualitative and quantitative method through an in-depth interview and analytical hierarchy process method. We found that reputation was considered as the most important factor that contributes 37.4% to the overall score. Network broadness ranked second with weigh 13.7%, followed by syndication, macroeconomic condition, exit plan staging strategy, diversification funding scheme, respectively.
Decellularized Human Stromal Lenticules Combine with Corneal Epithelial-Like Cells: A New Resource for Corneal Tissue Engineering

The lack of donor corneal tissue or the immunological rejection remains a challenge for individuals with limbal stem cell deficiency (LSCD) who are treated with keratoplasty. Numerous lenticules which were extracted by small incision lenticule extraction (SMILE) appear to be useful materials for keratoplasty. In order to reduce the incidence of allograft rejection, lenticules would be decellularized. Lenticules which were treated with liquid nitrogen and nucleases had no cellular and nuclear materials remained. Human induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) can be generated from the patient who requires keratoplasty, offering an autologous alternative and eliminating the risk of graft rejection. We found that BMP-4, RA, N-2 supplement, hEGF, B27, decellularized human stromal lenticules, conditioned medium, or induction medium promoted the differentiation of human iPSCs with high purity. The results showed that human iPSCs cultured for 4 days in differentiation medium A, 14 days in condition medium, and 1 week in induction medium on decellularized human stromal lenticules developed markedly higher expression of the markers P63, CK3, and CK12 than did those in the other methods. The level of gene expression of the epithelial and pluripotency markers and analysis by scanning electron microscopy and immunohistochemistry also showed successful differentiation. After inducing differentiation in vitro, corneal epithelial-like cells were induced. In the study, we investigated the possibility of a new resource for corneal tissue engineering.
An examination into the effects of speech rate on perceived stress in monolingual and bilingual populations

Stress is the body’s response to adverse or demanding circumstances and can cause physical changes such as increased respiratory rate and increased vocal cord muscle tension which can affect speech production and the acoustic properties of speech such as speech rate (duration). Acoustic properties such as duration and intensity act as cues in stress judgements, with duration proving to be the factor that provides the greatest fluctuation in these judgements. In the present study, 55 monolingual and bilingual (Spanish and English speaking) participants listened to 6 audio files spoken at 3 varying speeds in both English and Spanish and rated how stressed they perceived the speaker to be. Contrary to what was predicted, the results demonstrated high intra-cultural similarities in terms of perceptions of stress. As hypothesised, higher stress ratings were attributed to the faster spoken files, although they were also attributed to those files spoken in Spanish. There were interactions between the speed of audio and participant group, language spoken and participant group, speed of audio and language spoken and finally speed of audio, language being spoken and participant group. These results demonstrate that speech rate has significant effects on perceptions of stress and also suggest that the effect of speech rate on these perceptions varies between languages However, previous literature would suggest that the acoustic properties of speech are affected differently in real life scenarios compared to when speech is manipulated artificially. Suggesting that further research should endeavour to avoid electronically manipulated audios, instead capturing naturally occurring audio files.
S Link Prediction in Social Networks Using Fuzzy-based SVM

Link prediction can be used in many cases, for instance, detecting and identifying convicts and criminals, which requires high accuracy and fault cost in this context is very high Thus prediction might increase probability of detecting such groups. Researches in the context of link prediction in social networks have mostly focused on conventional methods which are based on indices. In this paper, link prediction using SVM and Fuzzy is proposed. In the proposed method, Fuzzy and support vector machine are used simultaneously. Main idea of the proposed method is to classify samples using SVM and fuzzy membership functions each sample which has the highest matching regarding membership functions of each class belongs to that class. Sample fracture curves are obtained from SVM algorithm and then this curve is used in membership functions of Fuzzy algorithm.
Technical recommendations for artificial insemination in sheep

Abstract Artificial insemination (AI) was the first important biotechnology applied to improve the genetics of farm animals. It allows the rapid and massive diffusion of desirable characteristics of males with high productive potential. We describe the different types of estrus induction and synchronization techniques and the use of the AI with fresh, chilled or frozen semen. Through the adequacy of the protocols of estrus synchronization and AI to the different production systems, the efficient use of reproductive techniques is possible, reaching acceptable pregnancy rates. Summary of reproductive results obtained using cervical and laparoscopic AI are presented.