Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Ontology-Based user requirement analysis for banking application

Leaning toward user requirements and constructing a standard method to build up a high-quality application in limited developing time, and enhancing the model flexibility for user to change their requirements in time are main objectives of this research. In this study, we created ontology to represent user domain in a deposit system, including operation procedure, entity, interaction and action from deposit business process with classes and relationships in tree maps. It classifies and reorganizes these domains by using the ontology technology. Though ontology is created from user requirements, the results show it can construct a user-driven software for defending frequent requirement changes.
Brain injuries and neurological system failure are the most common proximate causes of death in children admitted to a pediatric intensive care unit*

Objective: Mortality rates from critical illness in children have declined over the past several decades, now averaging between 2% and 5% in most pediatric intensive care units. Although these rates, and mortality rates from specific disorders, are widely understood, the impact of acute neurologic injuries in such children who die and the role of these injuries in the cause of death are not well understood. We hypothesized that neurologic injuries are an important cause of death in children. Design: Retrospective review. Setting: Pediatric intensive care unit at Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, an academic tertiary care center. Patients: Seventy-eight children who died within the pediatric intensive care unit from April 2006 to February 2008. Interventions: None. Measurements and Main Results: Data regarding admission diagnosis, presence of chronic illness, diagnosis of brain injury, and cause of death were collected. Mortality was attributed to brain injury in 65.4% (51 of 78) of deaths. Ninety-six percent (28 of 29) of previously healthy children died with brain injuries compared with 46.9% (23 of 49) of chronically ill children (p < .05). The diagnosed brain injury was the proximate cause of death in 89.3% of previously healthy children and 91.3% with chronic illnesses. Pediatric intensive care unit and hospital length of stay was longer in those with chronic illnesses (38.8 ± 7.0 days vs. 8.9 ± 3.7 days and 49.2 ± 8.3 days vs. 9.0 ± 3.8 days, p < .05 and p < .001, respectively). Conclusion: Brain injury was exceedingly common in children who died in our pediatric intensive care unit and was the proximate cause of death in a large majority of cases. Neuroprotective measures for a wide variety of admission diagnoses and initiatives directed to prevention or treatment of brain injury are likely to attain further improvements in mortality in previously healthy children in the modern pediatric intensive care unit.
The -308 polymorphism in the tumour necrosis factor (TNF) gene promoter region and ex vivo lipopolysaccharide-induced TNF expression and cytotoxic activity in Chilean patients with rheumatoid arthritis.

OBJECTIVE To investigate the association of the -308 polymorphism in the promoter region of the tumour necrosis factor (TNF) gene with susceptibility to the development of RA. We also explored the expression and cytotoxicity of TNF in relation to the -308 polymorphism. METHODS We recruited 92 RA patients and 42 healthy control subjects. Genotyping for the TNF promoter was performed by polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis. To study the overexpression of TNF we used a whole-blood culture system. TNF cytotoxicity was assessed in the L929 cell line. RESULTS The TNF2 allele was found in 23% of RA patients and 10% of controls. Although both groups showed high variability in serum TNF concentration, in the lipopolysaccharide-induced TNF level and in the cytotoxicity of the cytokine in the L929 cell line, these differences were not associated with the -308 TNF polymorphism. CONCLUSION No associations were found between the -308 TNF promoter polymorphism, serum and ex vivo TNF levels and the cytotoxic activity of TNF in RA patients.
Panic Attacks and Agoraphobia: Low Dose Clomipramine Treatment

Seventeen outpatients with panic anxiety and agoraphobia were treated with a low, flexible dose of clomipramine in an 8-week open trial. Panic attacks ceased completely in 13 patients and markedly decreased in the other four without additional therapeutic measures. Avoidance behavior disappeared in five of the seven agoraphobic patients. Overall mean dosage was 45 mg/day, with eight patients receiving clomipramine 25 mg or less. Higher doses were needed when agoraphobia was present. These results are discussed in conjunction with previous findings and lend support to serotonergic involvement in panic anxiety. Further double-blind studies are needed to confirm these results.
Albumin localization in rat liver parenchymal cells.

In this study, we re-investigated the localization of albumin in hepatocytes using immunocytochemistry (ICC) on ultrathin cryo-sections of rat livers, which were immersion or perfusion-fixed with paraformaldehyde or a mixture of paraformaldehyde and glutaraldehyde. The sections were indirectly labelled with rhodamine-conjugated IgG or with 8 nm protein A-colloidal gold particles. We demonstrate that perfusion-fixation is obligatory for a proper localization of albumin. After perfusion fixation, all hepatocytes of fed and fasted rats were uniformly labelled. At the subcellular level albumin was localized in hepatocytes in the membrane-bound compartments of the entire secretory pathway, i.e. the rough and smooth ER, peripheral Golgi vesicles, all Golgi cisternae and the secretory granules. Concentration of albumin appeared mainly to occur at the cis-Golgi side.
Identification of a fat cell enhancer: Analysis of requirements for adipose tissue‐specific gene expression

The molecular basis for adipose‐specific gene expression is not known. To approach the problem of adipocyte gene expression, we have analyzed in detail the capacity of the 5′‐flanking region of the adipocyte P2 (aP2) gene to direct cell‐type specific gene expression. Although the proximal promoter containing AP‐1 and C/EBP binding sites is capable of directing differentiation‐dependent gene expression in cultured adipocytes, these constructs are essentially inactive in the tissues of transgenic mice. We found that −5.4 kb of the 5‐flanking region were required to direct heterologous gene (chloramphenicol acetyl transferase; CAT) expression to the adipose tissue of transgenic mice. By deletion analysis, we identified a 520 bp enhancer at −5.4 kb of the aP2 gene. We show that this enhancer can direct high levels of gene expression specifically to the adipose tissue of transgenic mice. This enhancer also functions in a differentiation‐dependent manner in cultured adipocytes and cannot be transactivated in preadipocytes by C/EBP. Molecular analysis indicates that several cis‐ and transacting acting elements, though not C/EBP, contribute to the specificity and potency of this enhancer.
Predictors of driving assessment outcome in Parkinson's disease

This study evaluated selected clinical and functional tests as predictors of driving safety outcomes in Parkinson's disease (PD) patients. A total of 25 PD patients and 21 age‐matched controls, all regular drivers, underwent neurological evaluation and assessment of cognitive, visual, and motor function and a standardized, on‐road driving assessment. The capacity of the tests to predict pass/fail driving outcomes was determined by selecting a subset with the highest predictive value from each domain and then subjecting these subsets to discriminant function analysis. Accuracy, sensitivity, specificity, and positive and negative predictive values were determined. Three relatively simple tests from the larger battery predicted passes with relatively high sensitivity (PD, 72.7%; controls, 93.8%; both combined, 85.2%); and moderate specificity (PD, 64.3%; controls, 60.0%; both combined. 63.2%). These tests assessed motor performance (Purdue Pegboard test), contrast sensitivity (Pelli–Robson test), and cognitive function (verbal version of Symbol Digit Modalities test). Adding time since diagnosis for the PD group increased sensitivity to 90.9% and specificity to 71.4%. These simple tests confer more objectivity and predictive power to clinical recommendations for driving, they reflect distinct functions that are necessary for safe driving, and they may be especially useful when on‐road assessments are not feasible. © 2005 Movement Disorder Society
Discharge mechanism at hvdc polarity reversal in oil / pressboard composite insulation system

At the instant of polarity reversal of HVDC, very high electric field was generated in oil because the applied electric field was superimposed by the electric field of accumulated charges on pressboard (PB). When the total electric field exceeded the breakdown electric field strength, breakdown discharge in oil gap and surface discharge on the PB occurred. In this paper, by electric field measurement using Kerr electro-optic technique and optical observation, breakdown discharge characteristics and mechanisms in oil / PB composite insulation system were investigated at polarity reversal voltage. We revealed that the surface discharge neutralizes the accumulated charges on PB. The above experiments were carried out for different PB arrangements and discussed the discharge characteristics under HVDC polarity reversal conditions were discussed.
Devices based on semiconductor nanowires

Recently, nanoelectromechanical systems (NEMS) have attracted much attention due to their unique properties and possible applications that differ greatly from those of microelectromechanical systems. NEMS operating frequencies may achieve giga- and terahertz levels and their power consumption and heat capacity is extremely low. Moreover, integration levels may reach 1012 devices per cm−2. In this review, we present techniques for integrating semiconductor materials in NEMS. In particular, we examine fabrication, structure, properties and potential applications of two main classes of NEMS, namely, resonators and switches.
Immunotherapy with TCR-Redirected T Cells: Comparison of TCR-Transduced and TCR-Engineered Hematopoietic Stem Cell–Derived T Cells

Redirecting Ag specificity by transfer of TCR genes into PBLs is an attractive method to generate large numbers of cytotoxic T cells for immunotherapy of cancer and viral diseases. However, transferred TCR chains can pair with endogenous TCR chains, resulting in the formation of mispaired TCR dimers and decreased or unspecific reactivity. TCR gene transfer into hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) is an alternative to create T cells with desired Ag specificity, because in this case expression of endogenous TCR chains is then less likely owing to allelic exclusion. We generated TCR-transduced T cells from peripheral T cells using the lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus–specific P14 TCR. After transfer of the P14 TCR genes into HSCs and subsequent reconstitution of irradiated mice, TCR-engineered HSC-derived T cells were produced. We then compared the Ag-specific T cell populations with P14 TCR-transgenic T cells for their therapeutic efficiency in three in vivo models. In this study, we demonstrate that TCR-transduced T cells and TCR-engineered HSC-derived T cells are comparable in controlling lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus infection in mice and suppress growth of B16 tumor cells expressing the cognate Ag in a comparable manner.
NICOLAT: Un système informatIque communautaire et AdapTatif support d'une Communauté de Pratique pour un apprentissage basé sur la résolution de problèmes. (NICOLAT: An adaptive community computer system support of a Community of Practice based on learning by problem solving)

Dans ce travail de recherche, nous nous sommes interesses a la conception et au developpement d'un systeme iNformatIque COmmunautaire mobiLe et AdapTatif, appele NICOLAT. Ce dernier vise a supporter une CoP dans laquelle l'apprentissage s'effectue via la resolution communautaire de problemes en offrant des solutions qui permettent de limiter les facteurs qui peuvent aboutir a la demotivation des membres de la CoP.Pour experimenter et valider les solutions que nous proposons a travers ce systeme, nous ciblons la CoP des enseignants usagers de la methode pedagogique MAETIC, qui peuvent rencontrer, en classe, des problemes dans l'usage de celle-ci.Ainsi, nos principales contributions se resument dans les points suivants : 1) La mise en place du noyau communautaire du systeme NICOLAT. Ce dernier est sous forme d'un reseau social supportant la resolution communautaire de problemes, 2) La mise en place d'une couche de resolution de problemes ayant pour objectif d'aider le membre a resoudre son probleme par exploitation de l'historique des problemes resolus dans le passe. Ceci pour minimiser le nombre de demandes d'aide repetitives. Le cycle du raisonnement RaPC (Raisonnement a Partir de Cas) a ete utilise pour guider ce processus, 3) La mise en place de deux couches d'adaptation permettant de supporter les interactions des membres dans les outils d'interaction qu'ils preferent ou avec lesquels ils sont familiarises le plus. L'objectif vise par cette adaptation est, d'une part, de depasser les problemes de prise en main de nouveaux outils d'interaction. D'autre part, de permettre l'acces au systeme en cas de mobilite et minimiser ainsi le temps de reponse, 4) La mise en place d'une approche de selection des membres qui peuvent contribuer positivement a resoudre un probleme a qui faire aboutir la demande d'aide. L'objectif est de permettre a un membre cherchant a resoudre son probleme de recevoir une reponse pertinente
Community Referral Sources and Entry of Treatment-Naïve Clients into Outpatient Addiction Treatment

This study assessed the association of sources of client referral with enrollment of treatment-naïve clients. Data from the 1995 (n=618) and 2000 (n=745) waves of the National Drug Abuse Treatment Survey (DATSS), a panel study of outpatient substance abuse treatment units (OSAT), were analyzed. Enrollment of treatment-naïve clients was defined as the percentage of OSAT clients who entered treatment in the past 30 days with no prior treatment for substance abuse. A generalized estimating equation model simultaneously assessed the association of each referral source with the dependent variable, while controlling for potential confounding and accounting for correlation of unit-level responses over time. In the multivariable model, OSAT units with a greater proportion of treatment-naïve clients had received more referrals from employee assistance programs and the criminal justice system, and fewer referrals from mental health agencies. No effect of referral from medical or social service agencies was observed. These results highlight the role of coercive community institutions in treatment outreach efforts to persons in earlier phases of the “addiction career. ”
RELAÇÃO ENTRE O PROCESSO DE MICROTRAUMA MUSCULAR E A ATIVIDADE ELETROMIOGRÁFICA DE SUPERFÍCIE

A eletromiografia de superficie (SEMG) e um exame diagnostico que possibilita interpretar a velocidade de conducao do potencial de acao da unidade motora da fibra muscular esqueletica. Ao executar um exercicio onde a estrutura do sarcomero nao suporta a tensao mecânica, gera-se microtrauma muscular e, fadiga muscular (FM). O objetivo do estudo e avaliar o sinal mioeletrico em condicoes de sobrecarga mecânica correlacionando a frequencia mediana (FMD) com o nivel serico de creatina kinase (CK). A investigacao obteve amostra de 9 voluntarios do genero masculino totalizando tres dias consecutivos (D1 [Pre-Exercicio e Pos-Exercicio] / D2 / D3) com 24 h de repouso entre eles. Em D1 os sujeitos foram submetidos ao teste de carga maxima (1 RM), ao exercicio extenuante e a coletas basais de CK e do sinal EMG. Em D2 e D3 realizou-se coletas de CK e do sinal EMG. O estudo caracterizou-se como ensaio clinico de corte transversal onde as variaveis de analise foram CK e FMD do sinal mioeletrico. No tratamento estatistico foi usado o Teste t (P < 0,05) e coeficiente parametrico de correlacao (R). Foi analisado a FMD do sinal mioeletrico dos musculos biceps femural, reto femural e vastos medial e lateral do MMII dominante nos tres dias de trabalho com objetivo de quantificar o nivel de FM. Em D3 (48 h pos- exercicio) constatou-se uma diminuicao significativa da FMD em relacao a D1 pre e pos-exercicio no musculo reto femural. Coletou-se niveis sericos de CK com objetivo de mensurar indiretamente o microtrauma muscular. Realizou-se analise sanguinea em D1 (pre e pos-exercicio), D2 e D3 com intervalo de 24 h. Observou-se um aumento significativo na concentracao serica de CK em D1 (pos-exercicio), D2 (24 h pos-exercicio) e D3 (48h pos-exercicio). O calculo estatistico atraves do Teste T Bicaudal demonstrou relevância ao comparar os niveis sericos de CK 24h pos-exercicio e 48 h pos-exercicio com a coleta basal (P < 0,05). Ao realizar a correlacao entre as variaveis, constatou-se um decrescimo da FMD em funcao do Δ serico de CK. A analise estatistica se fundamentou na variacao (Δ final - Δ inicial) serica de CK onde foi descartado o valor bruto. O coeficiente parametrico de correlacao (R) encontrado foi de 0,8. Diante dos resultados obtidos, conclui-se que existe uma forte correlacao entre o processo de microtrauma muscular e o sinal mioeletrico. Dessa maneira, acredita-se que e possivel quantificar as microlesoes musculares de forma indireta fazendo uso da SEMG e se faz necessario realizar estudos mais detalhados para tentar elucidar o processo de FM e suas interacoes perifericas neuromecânicas. Palavras – Chave: Eletromiografia de Superficie; Microtrauma Muscular; Creatina Kinase; Fadiga Muscular.
The impact of corrections for faking on the validity of noncognitive measures in selection settings.

In selection research and practice, there have been many attempts to correct scores on noncognitive measures for applicants who may have faked their responses somehow. A related approach with more impact would be identifying and removing faking applicants from consideration for employment entirely, replacing them with high-scoring alternatives. The current study demonstrates that under typical conditions found in selection, even this latter approach has minimal impact on mean performance levels. Results indicate about . 1 SD change in mean performance across a range of typical correlations between a faking measure and the criterion. Where trait scores were corrected only for suspected faking, and applicants not removed or replaced, the minimal impact the authors found on mean performance was reduced even further. By comparison, the impact of selection ratio and test validity is much larger across a range of realistic levels of selection ratios and validities. If selection researchers are interested only in maximizing predicted performance or validity, the use of faking measures to correct scores or remove applicants from further employment consideration will produce minimal effects.
The Development of Lexical Pitch Accent Systems: An Autosegmental Analysis

Abstract This article presents an autosegmental analysis of the development of pitch phonology in Swedish and Japanese, which mark both lexical accent and phrasing through movements in fundamental frequency (F0). Predictions that follow from the autosegmental model are tested against spontaneous production data from child Japanese. In support of the analysis that lexical pitch accent and phrasal intonation are acquired as separate sequences of tonal features, the falling and rising slopes of F0 contours are shown to develop independently. The late emergence of the phrase-initial rise is attributable to the allophonic surface realisation of the low boundary tone. Moreover, developments in contour shapes are characterised by demarcated emergence of F0 turning points that are aligned with specific segments, providing further support for the view that pitch phonology is acquired as strings of tonal units associated with segments and prosodic constituents.
Cell Proliferation and STAT6 Pathways Are Negatively Regulated in T Cells by STAT1 and Suppressors of Cytokine Signaling

Suppressor of cytokine signaling (SOCS) proteins have emerged as important regulators of cytokine signals in lymphocytes. In this study, we have investigated regulation of SOCS expression and their role in Th cell growth and differentiation. We show that SOCS genes are constitutively expressed in naive Th cells, albeit at low levels, and are differentially induced by Ag and Th-polarizing cytokines. Whereas cytokines up-regulate expression of SOCS1, SOCS2, SOCS3, and cytokine-induced Src homology 2 protein, Ags induce down-regulation of SOCS3 within 48 h of Th cell activation and concomitantly up-regulate SOCS1, SOCS2, and cytokine-induced Src homology 2 protein expression. We further show that STAT1 signals play major roles in inducing SOCS expression in Th cells and that induction of SOCS expression by IL-4, IL-12, or IFN-γ is compromised in STAT1-deficient primary Th cells. Surprisingly, IL-4 is a potent inducer of STAT1 activation in Th2 but not Th1 cells, and SOCS1 or SOCS3 expression is dramatically reduced in STAT1−/− Th2 cells. To our knowledge, this is the first report of IL-4-induced STAT1 activation in Th cells, and suggests that its induction of SOCS, may in part, regulate IL-4 functions in Th2 cells. In fact, overexpression of SOCS1 in Th2 cells represses STAT6 activation and profoundly inhibits IL-4-induced proliferation, while depletion of SOCS1 by an anti-sense SOCS1 cDNA construct enhances cell proliferation and induces constitutive activation of STAT6 in Th2 cells. These results are consistent with a model where IL-4 has dual effects on differentiating T cells: it simulates proliferation/differentiation through STAT6 and autoregulates its effects on Th2 growth and effector functions via STAT1-dependent up-regulation of SOCS proteins.
Subject-auxiliary inversion: A natural category

Abstract This article argues that subject auxiliary inversion in English (SAI) provides an example of a syntactic generalization that is strongly motivated by a family of closely related functions. Recognition of the functional properties of each subconstruction associated with SAI allows us to predict many seemingly arbitrary properties of SAI: e.g., its (partial) restriction to appear in main clauses, the fact that the inversion only involves the first auxiliary, and the fact that its use in comparatives is more limited. The dominant feature of SAI, being nonpositive, is also argued to motivate the syntactic form of SAI. It is suggested that attention to the rich data inherent in language and to findings in categorization research simultaneously serves to reinforce and benefit our understanding of both language and categorization more generally.