Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Business process modeling based on workflow model reuse

Workflow is a widespread technology and useful in business processes modeling. It can improve enterprises' competitiveness by increasing productivity and enhancing services for customers. A lot of workflow models have been accumulated in business application. These modeling experience are valuable and hard to acquire, and workflow models are similar in some degree if they are classified according to the business domain. If these models can be reused in practice, then it will improve the quality and efficiency of the modeling. For the goal, this paper proposes the system architecture to reuse the workflow models, and describe the modeling process.
Globalização e desenvolvimento rural no contexto de crise

Introducao Desde 2007 que o mundo vive uma situacao de crise generalizada. Crise que primeiro se manifestou pelo subito aumento de precos dos alimentos e a que se juntou a crise financeira que, rapidamente, se transformou numa crise social a escala mundial com uma importância e impacte que so nos anos 30 do seculo passado conheceu equivalente. A crise alimentar, que afectou e ainda afecta os pobres de todo o mundo, mas sobretudo os dos paises mais pobres, reverteu a tenue melhoria da situacao de fome no mundo verificada na decada anterior, levando a FAO a prever para 2009 cerca de 1020 milhoes de pessoas mal nutridas, um agravamento de cerca 20% em 4 anos! Por seu lado e como e conhecimento geral, a crise financeira rapidamente extravasou o mundo das financas e da economia virtual, atingindo fortemente a economia real: o colapso na actividade economica mundial pode medir-se pelo acrescimo de 61 milhoes de desempregados, pelas quebras no investimento e comercio, pela forte reducao das remessas de emigrantes (entre $25 e $66 bilioes, em notacao anglo saxonica) e pelo agravamento substancial da pobreza, com mais 100 milhoes de pessoas a entrar no pouco desejavel grupo dos que estao abaixo do limiar da pobreza (Alexander, 2010). Vivemos portanto num contexto de crise social generalizada a que se juntam outras ameacas como o fim previsivel do petroleo, recurso nao renovavel de que depende o grosso da economia e do crescimento economico mundial, os efeitos do aquecimento global e as cada vez mais frequentes catastrofes ambientais. Este encadeamento de factores de insustentabilidade interpela a sociedade como um todo sobre o futuro do sistema e da civilizacao que lhe esta associada. A resposta a crise e aos seus efeitos revelou estrategias distintas. A crise alimentar apesar da respectiva amplitude e dos muitos que dela sofreram foi olhada como mais uma das crises de mercado, caracteristicas do sistema capitalista, nao merecendo tratamento especial alem de declaracoes piedosas de responsaveis governamentais e das agencias internacionais sobre os problemas criados aos mais desfavorecidos. Ja a crise financeira que apanhou de surpresa o mainstream economico e os governos, pondo em evidencia a fragilidade das instituicoes financeiras a nivel
Control charts based on models derived from differential equations

The development of technical processes over time can often be adequately modelled by means of differential equations. In order to monitor such processes, control charts may be derived from stochastic models based on such differential equations. In this work, this is demonstrated for a deep‐hole drilling process used for producing holes with a high length‐to‐diameter ratio, good surface finish and straightness. The process is subject to dynamic disturbances classified as either chatter vibration or spiraling. For chatter, a differential equation for the drilling torque and a model known to well approximate processes with similar characteristics are used to set up monitoring procedures. For spiraling a control chart can be based on a statistical model for the spectrum of the structure‐born vibrations derived from a differential equation for the deflection of the boring bar. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
AP2-dependent signals from the ectoderm regulate craniofacial development in the zebrafish embryo

AP2 transcription factors regulate many aspects of embryonic development. Studies of AP2a (Tfap2a) function in mice and zebrafish have demonstrated a role in patterning mesenchymal cells of neural crest origin that form the craniofacial skeleton, while the mammalian Tfap2b is required in both the facial skeleton and kidney. Here, we show essential functions for zebrafish tfap2a and tfap2b in development of the facial ectoderm, and for signals from this epithelium that induce skeletogenesis in neural crest cells (NCCs). Zebrafish embryos deficient for both tfap2a and tfap2b show defects in epidermal cell survival and lack NCC-derived cartilages. We show that cartilage defects arise after NCC migration during skeletal differentiation, and that they can be rescued by transplantation of wild-type ectoderm. We propose a model in which AP2 proteins play two distinct roles in cranial NCCs: an early cell-autonomous function in cell specification and survival, and a later non-autonomous function regulating ectodermal signals that induce skeletogenesis
Efficacy of long‐term lamivudine monotherapy in patients with hepatitis B e antigen–negative chronic hepatitis B

We evaluated the safety and efficacy of long‐term lamivudine monotherapy in a group of 25 patients with hepatitis B e antigen (HBeAg)‐negative chronic hepatitis B. Lamivudine was administered in a daily dose of 150 mg for a mean of 26 ± 7 months and was well tolerated. No patient lost hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg). The rate of initial biochemical response increased from 88% at 6 months to 96% at 12 months of therapy, but it progressively decreased thereafter; the biochemical remission rate was 68% at 18 months, 59.5% at 24 months, and 42.5% at ≥30 months. Alanine transaminase (ALT) increased to higher than the baseline levels in 8 of the 11 patients with a biochemical breakthrough reaching acute hepatitis levels in 6 of them. Acute icteric hepatitis developed in one patient. The virologic remission rate assessed by a sensitive quantitative polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assay was 68% at both 6 and 12 months, decreasing thereafter to 52% at 18 months and to 41.6% at both 24 and ≥30 months. Virologic breakthroughs were always persistent and preceded ALT elevations by a median of 4 (3‐24) months. YMDD mutants were detected in all patients with a virologic breakthrough. In conclusion, in patients with HBeAg‐negative chronic hepatitis B, long‐term lamivudine therapy is safe and is associated with high biochemical and virologic response rates at the end of the first year. However, response rates tend to decrease with time and breakthroughs due to YMDD mutants accumulate. ALT activity during breakthroughs often exceeds the baseline and may reach even acute hepatitis levels.
Artemis: guarding small children and, now, the genome.

Through careful analysis of young patients exhibiting radiosensitivity and inherited SCID of B and T lymphocytes, Despina Moshous and colleagues discovered a new DNA repair gene two years ago and named it after the Greek goddess Artemis, a guardian of young children and small animals (1). The same group has recently analyzed several patients with hypomorphic Artemis mutations, and their results, published in this issue of the JCI (2), along with a recent report by the group of Fred Alt (3), have proven Artemis to be a guardian of the genome as well. To appreciate the significance of this finding, it is necessary first to review what is known about how our large repertoire of antigen receptors is generated.
Biomarkers in exhaled breath condensate: a review of collection, processing and analysis

Exhaled breath condensate (EBC) is a potential rich source for countless biomarkers that can provide valuable information about respiratory as well as systemic diseases. EBC has been studied in a variety of diseases including allergic rhinitis, asthma, chronic obstructive lung disease, cystic fibrosis, lung cancer, and obstructive sleep apnea syndrome. Although numerous biomarkers have been discovered and studied in EBC, the methods of collection and biomarker detection have not been fully standardized. While leaving standardization methods up to individual labs for the present time is optimal for the continued discovery of new biomarkers in EBC, this decreases the reproducibility and generalizability of the findings. In this review we will discuss specific biomarkers studied in specific diseases as well as some of the related technical issues including collection, processing and analysis.
Cytoplasmic fatty acid-binding protein facilitates fatty acid utilization by skeletal muscle.

The intracellular transport of long-chain fatty acids in muscle cells is facilitated to a great extent by heart-type cytoplasmic fatty acid-binding protein (H-FABP). By virtue of the marked affinity of this 14.5-kDa protein for fatty acids, H-FABP dramatically increases their concentration in the aqueous cytoplasm by non-covalent binding, thereby facilitating both the transition of fatty acids from membranes to the aqueous space and their diffusional transport from membranes (e.g. sarcolemma) to other cellular compartments (e.g. mitochondria). Striking features are the relative abundance of H-FABP in muscle, especially in oxidative muscle fibres, and the modulation of the muscular H-FABP content in concert with the modulation of other proteins and enzymes involved in fatty acid handling and utilization. Newer studies with mice carrying a homozygous or heterozygous deletion of the H-FABP gene show that, in comparison with wild-type mice, hindlimb muscles from heterozygous animals have a markedly lowered (-66%) H-FABP content but unaltered palmitate uptake rate, while in hindlimb muscles from homozygous animals (no H-FABP present) palmitate uptake was reduced by 45%. These findings indicate that H-FABP is present in relative excess and plays a substantial, but merely permissive role in fatty acid uptake by skeletal muscles.
A stochastic programming model for the optimal issuance of government bonds

Sovereign states issue fixed and floating securities to fund their public debt. The value of such portfolios strongly depends on the fluctuations of the term structure of interest rates. This is a typical example of planning under uncertainty, where decisions have to be taken on the base of the key stochastic economic factors underneath the model.We propose a multistage stochastic programming model to select portfolios of bonds, where the aim of the decision maker is to minimize the cost of the decision process. At the same time, we bound the conditional Value-at-Risk, a measure of risk which accounts for the losses of the tail distribution. We build an efficient frontier to trade-off the optimal cost versus the conditional Value-at-Risk and analyze the results obtained.
Mechanisms underlying induction of long-term potentiation in rat medial and lateral perforant paths in vitro.

1. The mechanisms underlying the induction of long-term potentiation (LTP) in the medial and lateral perforant paths were studied by recording excitatory postsynaptic potentials (EPSPs) from rat dentate granule cells in vitro using extracellular and whole-cell recording techniques. 2. Paired stimuli (interstimulus interval, 50-1,000 ms) resulted in facilitation of the lateral and depression of the medial perforant path-evoked EPSPs, respectively. This physiological difference was used to isolate responses evoked by stimulation of a single path. 3. Tetanic stimulation induced LTP in both pathways, although the magnitude of LTP in the lateral perforant path was significantly less than that in the medial perforant path. Both forms of LTP were blocked by the N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor antagonist D-2-amino-5-phosphonovaleric acid (D-APV). 4. Buffering intracellular calcium by loading granule cells with the calcium chelator bis (O-aminophenoxy) ethane-N,N,N',N'-tetraacetic acid prevented LTP in both pathways. 5. Pairing of low-frequency (0.25 Hz) afferent stimulation with postsynaptic depolarization induced LTP in the medial but not the lateral perforant path. However, pairing of higher-frequency stimulation (1-4 Hz) with postsynaptic depolarization did potentiate the lateral perforant path-evoked EPSP in some cells. 6. Both the medial and lateral perforant path-evoked EPSPs had two components; a fast component blocked by the non-NMDA receptor antagonist 6-cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione and a slower, voltage-dependent component blocked by D-APV. 7. The results indicate that the induction of LTP in both the medial and lateral perforant paths requires activation of postsynaptic NMDA receptors and a rise in intracellular calcium. (ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
SHADOW DETECTION IMPROVEMENT USING SPECTRAL INDICES AND MORPHOLOGICAL OPERATORS IN URBAN AREAS IN HIGH RESOLUTION IMAGES

While high-resolution remote sensing images have increased application possibilities for urban studies, the large number of shadow areas has created challenges to processing and extracting information from these images. Furthermore, shadows can reduce or omit information from the surface as well as degrading the visual quality of images. The pixels of shadows tend to have lower radiance response within the spectrum and are often confused with low reflectance targets. In this work, a shadow detection method was proposed using a morphological operator for dark pattern identification combined with spectral indices. The aims are to avoid misclassification in shadow identification through properties provided by them on color models and, therefore, to improve shadow detection accuracy. Experimental results were tested applying the panchromatic and multispectral band of WorldView-2 image from São Paulo city in Brazil, which is a complex urban environment composed by high objects like tall buildings causing large shadow areas. Black top-hat with area injunction was applied in PAN image and shadow identification performance has improved with index as Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) and Normalized Saturation-Value Difference Index (NSDVI) ratio from HSV color space obtained from pansharpened multispectral WV-2 image. An increase in distinction between shadows and others objects was observed, which was tested for the completeness, correctness and quality measures computed, using a created manual shadow mask as reference. Therefore, this method can contribute to overcoming difficulties faced by other techniques that need shadow detection as a first necessary preprocessing step, like object recognition, image matching, 3D reconstruction, etc. * Corresponding author. This is useful to know for communication with the appropriate person in cases with more than one author.
Development of the embryo, larva and early juvenile of Nile tilapia Oreochromis niloticus (Pisces: Cichlidae). Developmental staging system

We described the developmental stages for the embryonic, larval and early juvenile periods of Nile tilapia Oreochromis niloticus to elucidate sequential events of craniofacial development. Craniofacial development of cichlids, especially differentiation and morphogenesis of the pharyngeal skeleton, progresses until about 30 days postfertilization (dpf). Because there is no comprehensive report describing the sequential processes of craniofacial development up to 30 dpf, we newly defined 32 stages using a numbered staging system. For embryonic development, we defined 18 stages (stages 1–18), which were grouped into seven periods named the zygote, cleavage, blastula, gastrula, segmentation, pharyngula and hatching periods. For larval development, we defined seven stages (stages 19–25), which were grouped into two periods, early larval and late larval. For juvenile development until 30 dpf, we defined seven stages (stages 26–32) in the early juvenile period. This developmental staging system for Nile tilapia O. niloticus will benefit researchers investigating skeletogenesis throughout tilapia ontogeny and will also facilitate comparative evolutionary developmental biology studies of haplochromine cichlids, which comprise the species flocks of Lakes Malawi and Victoria.
Antibodies against synthetic peptides of herpes simplex virus type 1 glycoprotein D and their capability to neutralize viral infectivity in vitro

Peptides corresponding to residues 1-13, 9-21, 18-30, 82-93, 137-150, 181-197, 232-243, 235-243, 267-281, 271-281 and 302-315 of glycoprotein D of herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) were chemically synthesized. These peptides were coupled to carrier proteins, and the resulting conjugates were used to immunize rabbits. An enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was used to determine antipeptide antibody titers in serum collected after immunization. All peptides appeared to be immunogenic in rabbits. Western immunoblot analysis with detergent extracts of HSV-1-infected Vero cells showed that antibodies against each of the peptides were able to react with the parent glycoprotein under denaturing conditions. Antisera against peptides 1-13, 9-21, and 18-30 neutralized HSV-1 infectivity in vitro, peptide 9-21 being the most successful in this respect. Immunization with a mixture of peptides 9-21 and 267-281 yielded antisera which reacted strongly with glycoprotein gD in Western blot analysis and showed a more solid virus-neutralizing activity in vitro.
A Flexible Approach to Information Systems Developmoent

The Information Systems Development Life Cycle (ISDLC) is usually treated as a rigid sequence of activities. This article asserts that differences in the nature of development projects should affect the planning of the ISDLC. Two classes of factors affecting the ISDLC are identified: factors relating to the environment and factors relating to the development effort (e.g. in-house development vs. canned software package). Each step along the ISDLC is decomposed into several dimensions relating to the activities that should be performed, the degree of control that should be exerted, to human resources, to other resources, and to the time factor. The relationship between the six dimensions and the two classes of factors are explained. Finally, a practical approach to ISDLC planning is suggested based on a structured procedure and a number of working forms. It assists in preliminary planning of the development process as well as in periodic reviews and revisions whenever the project reaches a certain milestone.
Cell Biology of Sarcomeric Protein Engineering: Disease Modeling and Therapeutic Potential

The cardiac sarcomere is the functional unit for myocyte contraction. Ordered arrays of sarcomeric proteins, held in stoichiometric balance with each other, respond to calcium to coordinate contraction and relaxation of the heart. Altered sarcomeric structure–function underlies the primary basis of disease in multiple acquired and inherited heart disease states. Hypertrophic and restrictive cardiomyopathies are caused by inherited mutations in sarcomeric genes and result in altered contractility. Ischemia‐mediated acidosis directly alters sarcomere function resulting in decreased contractility. In this review, we highlight the use of acute genetic engineering of adult cardiac myocytes through stoichiometric replacement of sarcomeric proteins in these disease states with particular focus on cardiac troponin I. Stoichiometric replacement of disease causing mutations has been instrumental in defining the molecular mechanisms of hypertrophic and restrictive cardiomyopathy in a cellular context. In addition, taking advantage of stoichiometric replacement through gene therapy is discussed, highlighting the ischemia‐resistant histidine‐button, A164H cTnI. Stoichiometric replacement of sarcomeric proteins offers a potential gene therapy avenue to replace mutant proteins, alter sarcomeric responses to pathophysiologic insults, or neutralize altered sarcomeric function in disease. Anat Rec, 297:1663–1669, 2014. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Mitochondrial Capture by a Transmissible Cancer

A clonal cancer in feral dogs has likely acquired mitochondria from its host by horizontal transfer. Canine transmissible venereal tumor (CTVT) is an infectious cell line circulating in many feral dog populations. It originated once, about 10,000 years ago. Phylogenetic analyses of mitochondrial sequences from dogs, wolves, and a geographically diverse collection of CTVT samples indicate that the cancer has periodically acquired mitochondria from its host. We suggest that this may be because the cancer’s own mitochondria have a tendency to degenerate, due to high mutation rates and relaxed selection, resulting in host mitochondria being more fit.
Recent Advances in Telemetry Monitoring and Analysis for Laboratory Animals

Measurement of physiological parameters in laboratory animals plays an important role in evaluating the biomedical applications. It has been widely known that a telemetry system is useful for these studies, because the telemetry system can obtain physiological measurements from conscious and unrestrained laboratory animals. Maurey was the first to report on a telemetry experiment in the scientific literature (see Mackay, 1970). Mackay wrote the experiment as follows: “A rubber bulb detects the shortening of the pectoral muscle of a pigeon by its thickening the pneumatic signal traveling a rubber tube to a bulb pushing a stylus on a smoked arum. A flapping vane at the wingtip opens and closes an electric contact to indicate the relative duration of the period of elevation and depression of the wing. ” One of the first telemetry experiments with the use of a radio signal is reported by Barr (1954). From the late 1950’s, several research groups have developed radio-telemetry devices for laboratory animals (Gold & Malcolm, 1957; Essler & Folk, 1961; Franklin, et al., 1964). Although telemetry technology for monitoring laboratory animals have already existed since the early 1950’s as described above, fully implantable and reliable telemetry devices for monitoring physiological functions in laboratory animals have been made commercially available since the late 1980’s. Advances and further miniaturization of the implantable devices in the beginning of 1990’s have provided to measure electrocardiogram (ECG), electromyogram (EMG), electroencephalogram (EEG), blood pressure (BP), body temperature (BT), and locomotor activity (LA). Therefore, the number of publications in which radio-telemetric results in laboratory animals has been tremendously increased for 2 decade. In these days, many companies commercially supply the radio-telemetry implants for monitoring physiological parameters. In this report, I would like to introduce a newly developed telemetry system in Japanese company and some useful software to analyze ECG data in the fields of cardiology and pathophysiology as well as pharmacology and toxicology. Further, I describe some experimental studies using a telemetry system and applications.