Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Association of single nucleotide polymorphisms in CAPN1 and CAST genes with beef tenderness from Spanish commercial feedlots

Frequencies of two SNPs in the μ-calpain ( CAPN1) and calpastatin ( CAST) genes in local and foreign commercial cross-breeds used in south-western Spain (Charolais, Limousin, and Retinta) were evalu - ated and the association of these markers with texture analysis in animals fattened under different feedlot conditions was assessed. Marker frequencies were estimated in a 286 bull crossbred population and the longi- simus dorsi muscles from subsequently selected 161 animals were used to measure Warner-Bratzler shear force in raw and cooked samples at three different ageing days (1, 7, and 21). Significant differences ( P ≤ 0.05) were found for shear force in raw and cooked meat samples for the three ageing days for the three crossbreeds analyzed. Significant associations were observed for raw meat for the Charolais between shear force and the CAPN1 marker ( P = 0.019), as well as between the CAST polymorphism and shear force ( P = 0.027) in the Limousin. No associations were found between the markers and shear force in the Retinta ( P > 0.05). In con - trast, although these markers might be useful in particular selected populations due to their effect on objective texture parameters, no significant association ( P > 0.05) was found for cooked meat in the sample of Spanish commercial crossbreeds used in this study. Further studies with a higher number of animals will be necessary to confirm these results.
Impact of Firm’s Characteristics on Gender Discrimination: Evidence from Vietnamese Firm-level Data

Received October 13, 2019 Revised from October 30, 2019 Accepted November 23, 2019 Available online March 15, 2020 We use firm-level data from the World Bank Enterprise Surveys data to examine the gender discrimination within the Vietnamese labour market. In this study, we extended the works of Becker (1971), Arrow (1973) and Goldberg (1982) to derive an equation that identifies the firm’s profit ratio at a function of the proportion of female employees and other control variables. To deal with possible endogeneity issues caused by unobservable demand or productivity shocks, we applied the proxy variables methods proposed by Olley and Pakes (1996) and Levinsohn and Petrin (2003), respectively. We find that there is a significant negative association between proportion of female employees and firm’s profit in 2005, however, we could not find any evidence of this effect in 2009 and 2015. Moreover, our results suggest that gender discrimination depends on firms’ characteristics such as ownership, market orientation and top manager’s gender. This study’s main contribution is to provide an approach that differs from previous research on gender discrimination in Vietnam. JEL classification: J16, J71, L25, C31 DOI: 10.14254/1800-5845/2020.16-1.2
Examining the difference between striatal neurons of the direct and indirect pathway of the basal ganglia that is responsible for their differential growth direction in rodents

The neurons of the striatum are part of the neural network known as the basal ganglia, projecting either directly to the substantia nigra, or indirectly via the globus pallidus. Despite their different roles, direct and indirect neurons lie unsorted throughout the striatum, showing many similarities. We aim to elucidate the differences between direct and indirect striatal projection neurons by giving an overview of current knowledge of their development, axon guidance, target recognition, and synaptic plasticity. Additionally, for future research we point to genes that might also be important to striatal neurons in these various aspects.
Neogene and Quaternary climate changes shaped the lineage differentiation and demographic history of Fokienia hodginsii (Cupressaceae s.l.), a Tertiary relict in East Asia

Historical climate oscillations and tectonic events have influenced the speciation and evolutionary history of many organisms. In this study, we chose Fokienia hodginsii (Dunn) A. Henry & H. H. Thomas (Cupressaceae s.l.), a Tertiary relict conifer, for the inference of the demographic history since the Neogene. Five chloroplast regions and two single‐copy nuclear genes were amplified and sequenced in 497 individuals from 28 populations. The chloroplast data showed that F. hodginsii presented a high level of genetic diversity (H T = 0.860 ± 0.0279) and significant phylogeographic structure (N ST > G ST , P < 0.05). According tobeast analysis, the divergence time of the two major lineages indicated by the phylogenetic construction produced from chloroplast and nuclear data could be dated to the early Miocene (ca. 19.34–19.95 Ma), which coincided with the onset and intensification of the Asian monsoon. During this time, environmental adaption under the different climatic conditions on either side of the Tanaka Line could have played important roles in maintaining and/or reinforcing the divergence of the two major lineages. The ecological niche modeling results showed that F. hodginsii experienced habitat fragmentation and strengthening of genetic barriers during the Last Glacial Maximum, followed by local expansion during postglacial periods. Our findings show that paleoclimate changes since the Neogene might have triggered the extinction of all but one Fokienia species and its intraspecific lineage differentiation. This study also suggests that Tertiary relicts in subtropical and tropical areas might have had a complex evolutionary history and their intraspecific differentiation time might have been earlier than expected.
About boundary conditions for kinetic equations in metal

Boundary conditions for kinetic equations describing the dynamics of electrons in the metal were analyzed. The boundary condition of the Fuchs and the boundary condition of Soffer were considered. The Andreev conditions for almost tangential moving electrons were taken into account. It is shown that the Soffer boundary condition does not satisfy this condition. The boundary condition was proposed that satisfies the Andreev condition. It is shown that this boundary condition passes in the limiting case into the mirror–diffuse Fuchs boundary condition.
Noise, Vibrations, and Hearing Loss in the Workplace

This is a review of papers accessed from the Google ScholarTMand MendeleyTMdatabases that deal with risk of hearing loss when mechanical vibrations are also applied to the bodies of noise-exposed workers. Those vibrations arise from a wide variety of processes and operations performed in industry, mining and construction, forestry and agriculture, and public utilities. The referenced papers appear to support the theory that the risk of hearing loss increases when vibrations are also present.
The fish oocyte : from basic studies to biotechnological applications

Ultrastructural aspects of the ontogeny and differentiation of ray-finned fish ovarian follicles. - Molecular aspects of oocyte vitellogenesis in fish. - Zebrafish ovarian follicle transcriptome. - Proteomics analysis of the developing fish oocyte. - Oocyte zona pellucida proteins. - Maternal factors in fish oogenesis and embryonic development. - Gonadotropic regulation of oocyte development. - Sex steroid hormone receptors in fish ovaries. - Hormonal regulation of follicular atresia in teleost fish. - Ecotoxicological effects of endocrine disrupting compounds on fish reproduction. - Regulatory mechanisms of oocyte maturation and ovulation. - Physiological and molecular basis of fish oocyte hydration. - Fertilization and egg activation in fishes. - Low-temperature preservation of fish gonad cells and oocytes. - Promoting oocyte maturation, ovulation and spawning in farmed fish.
A K/Ka‐band dielectric and metallic 3D printed aperture shared multibeam parabolic reflector antenna for satellite communication

A K/Ka‐band (22‐33 GHz) high‐gain aperture shared multibeam parabolic reflector antenna is proposed. It performs a two‐dimensional beam scanning from a shared single parabolic reflector by introducing off‐focal feeds. The feed array is placed on and off the focal of the parabolic reflector. Traditionally, the feed blockage has a great impact on the performance of the antenna, which reduces the gain and increases the sidelobe level. The purpose of this paper is to suppress the negative effects of feed blockage by using hybrid material processing method. Both dielectric and metallic 3D printing technologies are used for antenna fabrication. The parabolic reflector antenna is printed by selective laser melting using aluminum alloy. The feed array and the supporting structures are printed by stereolithography apparatus in resin to control the blockage. The method helps to suppress the sidelobe level from −10 to −15 dB and to enhance gain by up to 2.3 dBi. The reflection coefficient is less than −10 dB, while the coupling coefficient between the ports is less than −20 dB over the entire designed band. At 31.5 GHz, the simulated maximum gain of the antenna are 30.7, 29.1, and 29.7 dBi, when different port separately excites. Multiple beams at ±15° and 0° are observed on both E‐ and H‐planes. Besides, it also verifies the possibility to use dielectric and metallic 3D printing technologies in hybrid for microwave device fabrication.
Modeling of Atmospheric CO2 Concentrations as a Function of Carbon Dioxide Emissions with Implications for the Fossil-Fuel Atmospheric Fraction (AFFF)

In this work, a semi-empirical relationship of carbon dioxide emissions with atmospheric CO2 concentrations has been developed that is capable of closely replicating observations from 1751 to 2018. The correlation consists of a superposition of a linear component that may be attributed to the net emission flux from land use changes coupled with a rapidly varying component of the terrestrial sink combined with a fossil-fuel combustion/cement production emissions-based calculation with a single, fixed, scaling parameter determined by the ocean sink coupled with the remaining slowly varying component of the land sink (the fossil-fuel combustion airborne fraction).
Ion channels and disease : channelopathies

Preface. Introduction. From Gene to Protein. How Channels Work. Methods for Studying Ion Channels. Voltage-Gated Na+ Channels. Voltage-Gated K+ Channels. Ca-Activated K+ Channels. Inward Rectifier K+ Channels. Voltage-Gated Ca2+ Channels. Voltage-Gated Cl- Channels. Cyclic Nucleotide-Gated Channels. CFTR. Epithelia Na+ Channels. Ligand-Gated Ca2+ Channels. ACh Receptor Channels. Glutamate Receptor Channels. Glycine Receptors. GABA Receptors. Water Channels. Gap Junction Channels. Antibodies to Ion Channels. Ion Channels in Viruses. Ion Channels as Lethal Agents. A Miscellany of Ion Channels. The Last Word. References. Subject Index.
Phytochemical analysis and antibacterial properties of Cassia Senna alata

Objective: To check the medicinal properties, biochemical parameters, nutritional profile, and antibacterial activity of Cassia Senna alata, which is grown in Sindh, Pakistan. Methodology: The biochemical, phytochemicals and antioxidant levels were checked and the antibacterial activity was measured by well diffusion method. Results: Cassia plants contained sufficient macromolecules and small molecules, antioxidative components and had antibacterial activity against different pathogens. Conclusion: Cassia senna alata contains phytochemicals and has medicinal properties such as antibacterial and anti-oxidants and it may be used by medical practitioners.
Expression of epidermal growth factor receptor in oral and esophageal squamous-cell carcinoma

Background: Squamous-cell carcinoma (SCC) represents the most common type of malignancies in the oral cavity (O) and esophagus (E). Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) plays a key role in numerous processes that affects tumor growth, progression, differentiation, invasion, metastasis, and inhibition of apoptosis. In this study, we wanted to investigate the EGFR expression in OSCC and ESCC cases. As well, another purpose was to observe if there exists any relation between its expression and clinicopathologic factors. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study which compares the EGFR protein expression between OSCC and ESCC. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study was performed on 46 paraffin blocks (23 OSCC and 23 ESCC). The expression of EGFR was evaluated with immunohistochemical technique. Data analyses were done using SPSS software by Fisher's exact test. Significance was assigned at P < 0.05. Results: Out of 46 patients, 25 cases (54.3%) were male and 21 (45.7%) were female. Seventy-eight percent of OSCCs and 73.9% of ESCCs showed high expression of EGFR. No statistically significant difference was observed between the two groups (P = 0.73). There were no statistically significant correlations between EGFR expression and clinicopathologic factors (age, gender, grade, and stage) of OSCCs (P > 0.05). A statistically significant correlation was found between EGFR expression and stage in ESCCs group (P = 0.006). Conclusion: No significant correlation was found between the expression of EGFR protein in OSCCs and ESCCs. High expression of EGFR was observed in ESCCs with Stages II, III.
Cellular patterns during leaf development

A major problem in developmental biology is to understand how the behaviour of individual cells creates reproducible biological shapes. Moreover, the reproducibility of form also happens at the cellular level and cellular patterns are evident in the temporal as well as the spatial scales. Understanding the principles underlying these cellular patterns will contribute to linking the individual cell dynamics to the collective phenomenon of morphogenesis. The relatively flat shape, the absence of cell migration and apoptosis makes the leaf of Arabidopsis thaliana an excellent system to study morphogenesis at the cellular level. However the information about the cellular dynamics that is available has only been inferred indirectly or restricted to few cells. In this thesis, I present some methods that permitted the characterisation of cellular dynamics over long time periods at the organ level. I present the Lobe Contribution Elliptical Fourier Analysis (LOCO-EFA), that enabled the quantification of complex cell geometries and provided a shape profile to evaluate populations of cells. In turn, the shape profile of individual cells was used to develop a tracking algorithm that, integrated with a segmentation algorithm, resulted in a powerful tool to recognize cells in a succession of images and extract cell shape, cell area, cell position and cell lineages. The synergy between in vivo imaging and computational tools permitted the study of cellular patterns at unprecedented resolution. Interestingly, the dynamics of cell growth and cell shape are highly influenced by the cell age and to a limited extend, by their position. Moreover, direct measurement of cell division shows that the division zone is restricted towards the base of the leaf, but is not constant in length and that the frequency of divisions decreases over time in a rather gradual fashion. At single cell level, new events of lobe formation were identified, suggesting that the intracellular patterning underlying the multi-polar pavement cell shape is dynamic and lobes are newly formed rather than being specified at a single time point. The cellular dynamics of growth, shape and divisions using long time-lapse and imaging enabled me to revisit previous hypothesis and propose new ones about the regulation of cellular behaviour during leaf morphogenesis. (The CD-ROM referred to in the thesis contains Movies in AVI format. However these were submitted as separate files which could not be uploaded to the repository. Please contact the author for more information.)
Terpenoids Commonly Found in Cannabis sativa Do Not Modulate the Actions of Phytocannabinoids or Endocannabinoids on TRPA1 and TRPV1 Channels

Introduction: Cannabis sativa produces hundreds of bioactive compounds, including cannabinoids and terpenoids. It has been proposed that cannabinoids act in synergy with terpenoids to produce the entourage effect, a concept used to explain the therapeutic benefits of medicinal cannabis. One molecular explanation for the entourage effect is that the terpenoids augment the actions of cannabinoids at their molecular drug targets in cells. We recently reported that terpenoids commonly found in cannabis do not influence the functional effects of Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol (Δ9-THC) on cannabinoid 1 and cannabinoid 2 receptors. The present study aimed to extend on this research by examining whether terpenoids influence the effects of phytocannabinoids and endocannabinoids on human transient receptor potential ankyrin 1 (hTRPA1) and human transient receptor potential vanilloid 1 (hTRPV1) channels heterologously expressed in mammalian cells. Materials and Methods: The activity of terpenoids, phytocannabinoids, and endocannabinoids was assessed in inducible HEK Flp-In T-Rex cells transfected with hTRPA1 and hTRPV1 channels, respectively. Real-time changes in intracellular calcium ([Ca]i) were measured using the Calcium 5 dye and a FlexStation 3 plate reader. Results: α-pinene, β-pinene, β-caryophyllene, linalool, limonene, β-myrcene or α-humulene did not affect [Ca]i in hTRPA1 and hTRPV1 overexpressing cells. Cinnamaldehyde (CA), Δ9-THC, and 2-arachidonoylglycerol (2-AG) activated TRPA1 receptors with high efficacy and similar potency (EC50s of ∼10 μM). Capsaicin and anandamide (AEA) activated TRPV1 receptors with an EC50 of 61 nM and 4.3 μM, respectively, but TRPV1 showed no response to Δ9-THC, cannabidiol, and other minor cannabinoids. Terpenoids did not significantly affect the responses of TRPA1 and TRPV1 receptors to submaximal and maximal concentrations of CA and Δ9-THC or the endocannabinoids AEA and 2-AG. Discussion: We could not find any evidence that the terpenoids tested here activate TRPA1 and TRPV1 channels or modulate their activation by Δ9-THC and other agonists, including endocannabinoids.
Optimisation of Biodiesel Synthesis from Waste Cooking Oil in the Reactive Distillation Column Using Taguchi Methodology

Traditional biodiesel methods have disadvantages of excessive alcohol demand, short catalyst life, high manufacturing cost. Reactive distillation (RD) simplifies operations by combining reaction and separation. In literature, there was a few experimental study on continuous–flow biodiesel in RD column with heterogeneous catalyst. So, it was aimed to develop economical continuous process for producing fatty acid methyl esters from low price waste cooking oil (WCO) in RD column packed with cheaper basic heterogeneous calcium oxide. Taguchi orthogonal arrays were used as experimental design to reduce number of experiments significantly. Conversions and steady state times were obtained in range of (72.99–99.52 )% and (1.67–6.25) hour, respectively. Effects of four parameters were analyzed by statistical analysis of variance (ANOVA) and numerical optimization was performed by programs embedded in Design–Expert 6.0. Optimum conditions at the maximum conversion of 99.48% and steady state time of 1.69 hour were determined as WCO flow rate of 2.90 ml/min, methanol/oil molar ratio of 8.19 and reboiler heat duty of 0.419 kW by numerical optimization. Considering results were quite compatible with literature, it was understood Taguchi, ANOVA and numerical optimization were carried out successfully. Consequently, it was deduced high conversion and economically feasible biodiesel could be probable by using this methodology.
人体の解剖生理学 = Human anatomy & physiology

Instructions This exam consists of 50 questions. You may write on the exam itself, but be sure to answer all your questions on a “Scantron” sheet with a #2 pencil. For each question there is one response that is the best response. You must select the one best response to receive credit for each question. If you select more than one response for a question, then you will receive no credit for that question.
Modelo 3C de Colaboração aplicado ao uso de um repositório para o desenvolvimento de interfaces para autistas

New applications are developed day by day with the aim of helping children with autism in their therapies. In order to contribute to the increase of the production of these applications, this article presents a tool as a collaborative repository to guide developers of this type of application, following the good practices referring to interfaces for autistic users. This tool follows the Collaboration Model 3C, highlighting the value of the elements in their aspects and characteristics of communication, coordination and cooperation, so that they are complementary and make collaboration more and more effective. Resumo. A cada dia novos aplicativos são desenvolvidos com o intuito de auxiliar crianças com autismo em suas terapias. De forma a contribuir com o aumento da produção desses aplicativos, este artigo apresenta uma ferramenta em forma de repositório colaborativo que possa servir de guia para os desenvolvedores desse tipo de aplicação, seguindo boas práticas relacionadas a interfaces destinadas a usuários autistas. Tal ferramenta, permite que o Modelo 3C de Colaboração seja aplicado, ressaltando a valorização dos elementos em seus aspectos e características de comunicação, coordenação e cooperação, de modo que sejam complementares e torne a colaboração cada vez mais efetiva.
Degree Subtraction Adjacency Polynomial and Energy of Graphs obtained from Complete Graph

The degree subtraction adjacency matrix of a graph G is a square matrix DSA(G) = [dij], in which dij = d(vi) - d(vj), if the vertices vi and vj are adjacent and dij = 0 otherwise, where d(u) is the degree of a vertex u. The DSA energy of a graph is the sum of the absolute values of the eigenvalues of DSA matrix. In this paper, we obtain the characteristic polynomial of the DSA matrix of graphs obtained from the complete graph. Further we study the DSA energy of these graphs.
Prediction of Precipitation Based on Recurrent Neural Networks in Jingdezhen, Jiangxi Province, China

Precipitation is a critical input for hydrologic simulation and prediction, and is widely used for agriculture, water resources management, and prediction of flood and drought, among other activities. Traditional precipitation prediction researches often established one or more probability models of historical data based on the statistical prediction methods and machine learning techniques. However, few studies have been attempted deep learning methods such as the state-of-the-art for Recurrent Neural Networks (RNNs) networks in meteorological sequence time series predictions. We deployed Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) network models for predicting the precipitation based on meteorological data from 2008 to 2018 in Jingdezhen City. After identifying the correlation between meteorological variables and the precipitation, nine significant input variables were selected to construct the LSTM model. Then, the selected meteorological variables were refined by the relative importance of input variables to reconstruct the LSTM model. Finally, the LSTM model with final selected input variables is used to predict the precipitation and the performance is compared with other classical statistical algorithms and the machine learning algorithms. The experimental results show that the LSTM is suitable for precipitation prediction. The RNN models, combined with meteorological variables, could predict the precipitation accurately in Jingdezhen City and provide sufficient time to prepare strategies against potential related disasters.