Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Typing of Leukemic Cells with Monoclonal Antibodies. a

The immunofluorescence detection of surface-linked antigenic determinants by heteroantisera has greatly contributed to a better understanding of the heterogeneity of benign and malignant hemopoietic cells. The difficulties encountered in rendering these heteroantisera specific for a unique cell surface determinant have been a major drawback to a more rapid development of immunologic cell typing and, in particular, to a typing of non-lymphoid cells. The strategy ordinarily employed involved the extensive absorption of these heteroantisera with large numbers of cells of different cellular lineages. As a consequence, the resulting antibody titers were frequently low, thereby limiting the utility of these antisera for biological or clinical investigations. Finally, given the diversity of the immune response and the complexity of the absorption procedures, it has been difficult to reproduce antibodies with identical specificity, which frequently hindered the comparison of data obtained from different laboratories. With the introduction of the antibody-producing hybridoma technology by Kohler and M i l ~ t e i n , ~ most of these technical problems have been overcome. This technology provides for the first time uniform antibody reagents that are highly specific and of unlimited supply. The use of such antibodies should therefore considerably improve immunologic cell typing. Using this technology, we were able to raise a nkmber of monoclonal antibodies against cell type-specific differentiation antigens. These antibodies are of considerable help in the diagnosis and classification of human leukemia.
Characterization of a New Multigene Family Encoding Isomaltases in the Yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae, the IMA Family*

It has been known for a long time that the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae can assimilate α-methylglucopyranoside and isomaltose. We here report the identification of 5 genes (YGR287c, YIL172c, YJL216c, YJL221c and YOL157c), which, similar to the SUCx, MALx, or HXTx multigene families, are located in the subtelomeric regions of different chromosomes. They share high nucleotide sequence identities between themselves (66–100%) and with the MALx2 genes (63–74%). Comparison of their amino acid sequences underlined a substitution of threonine by valine in region II, one of the four highly conserved regions of the α-glucosidase family. This change was previously shown to be sufficient to discriminate α-1,4- to α-1,6-glucosidase activity in YGR287c (Yamamoto, K., Nakayama, A., Yamamoto, Y., and Tabata, S. (2004) Eur. J. Biochem. 271, 3414–3420). We showed that each of these five genes encodes a protein with α-glucosidase activity on isomaltose, and we therefore renamed these genes IMA1 to IMA5 for IsoMAltase. Our results also illustrated that sequence polymorphisms among this family led to interesting variability of gene expression patterns and of catalytic efficiencies on different substrates, which altogether should account for the absence of functional redundancy for growth on isomaltose. Indeed, deletion studies revealed that IMA1/YGR287c encodes the major isomaltase and that growth on isomaltose required the presence of AGT1, which encodes an α-glucoside transporter. Expressions of IMA1 and IMA5/YJL216c were strongly induced by maltose, isomaltose, and α-methylglucopyranoside, in accordance with their regulation by the Malx3p-transcription system. The physiological relevance of this IMAx multigene family in S. cerevisiae is discussed.
Involvement of ERK1/2 signalling and growth-related molecules’ expression in response to heat stress-induced damage in rat jejunum and IEC-6 cells

Our previous studies found small intestine epithelial tissues from several different animals (including rats, pigs and chickens) became significantly damaged following exposure to extreme heat. However, damaged tissue was rapidly repaired or regenerated in the following few days. Growth-related molecules are critical for cellular survival and promote endothelial cell proliferation and migration. The ERK1/2 signalling pathway is reported to regulate the growth and adaptation of endothelial cells to both physiological and pathological stimuli. However, little information is available concerning both growth-related molecules and ERK1/2 in response to heat stress. Herein, we employed both live rats and rat IEC-6 cells to investigate growth-related molecule expression and ERK1/2 activation in heat stress. Heat stress caused significant morphological damage to rat intestinal tissue and IEC-6 cells, reduced cell growth and proliferation, induced apoptosis, altered growth-related molecule mRNA expression and increased ERK1/2 phosphorylation. Addition of U0126 (a selective inhibitor of MEK kinase responsible for ERK phosphorylation) combined with heat stress exacerbated the morphological damage and apoptosis. With the addition of U0126, further up- or down-regulation of Egfr, Ctgf, Tgif, Vegfa, Okl38 and Gdf15 in response to heat stress was observed. In conclusion, extreme heat stress caused obvious damage to rat jejunum and IEC-6 cells. Both growth-related molecule expression and ERK1/2 phosphorylation were involved in response to heat stress. ERK1/2 inhibition exacerbated apoptosis and affected growth factor mRNA expression in heat stress.
HYPOMAGNESAEMIA IN ALCOHOL ENCEPHALOPATHIES

Two groups of patients were examined for serum magnesium concentrations: 1) 18 male patients with acute delirium tremens (Material I ) ; 2) 14 male patients with the diagnosis of alcohol encephalopathy (four newly admitted and ten, hospitalized for 5 months to 3 years) (Material 11). The term alcohol encephalopathy (AE) is introduced in this paper as a common diagnostic denominator to designate 1) Korsakoff’s psychosis, 2) Wernicke’s encephalopathy, 3) dementia alcoholica and 4) intellectual reduction of a degree which makes social readjustment impossible. Out of ten patients admitted with the diagnosis of delirium tremens and normal serum magnesium concentration (Material I), none developed an AE as a sequel, whereas out of 11 patients admitted with acute delirium tremens (ten patients) or predelirium (one patient) and found to have hypomagnesaemia, six patients developed an AE as a sequel (Material I, 11). The difference is statistically significant (P < 0.05). The serum Mg concentration mean value of the AE group (Material 11) was significantly lower than that ofthe delirium tremens group (Material I P < 0.05), and also lower than that of the chronic alcoholic patients (P < 0.05) or that of the schizophrenics with no known alcoholic addiction serving as controls (P < 0.001). The lowest serum magnesium concentrations were found in the AE cases of a very recent onset. Four newly admitted AE patients were treated with mistura magnesii hydroxidi (Nordic Pharmacopoeia). A follow-up of the results was carried out 5 years later. AE was shown to be reversible in those cases in which adequate magnesium treatment was given at the onset of the illness. AE patients not treated with magnesium or treated for too short a period of time had low serum magnesium concentrations, independently of the length of hospitalization and the length of abstinence from alcohol. The combination of hypomagnesaemia with delirium/predelirium tremens appears to be of aetiological significance for the occurrence of AE, which develops as a sequel to deliriumlpredelirium tremens.
CAR-2-X and Pedestrian Safety

Traffic accidents involving pedestrians or cyclists cause thousands of fatalities and serious injuries every year. In this article, we present an innovative approach for a collision avoidance system that seeks to reduce these accidents. We also discuss the different architectural approaches utilizing ad hoc and/or cellular technologies and different processing setups and present a physical analysis of the system time available between detection, warning, and reaction to give an overview of the time constraint.
On Angular Sampling Methods for 3-D Spatial Channel Models

This letter discusses generating three-dimensional (3-D) spatial channel models with emphasis on the angular sampling methods. Three angular sampling methods-i.e., modified uniform power sampling, modified uniform angular sampling, and random pairing methods-are proposed and investigated in detail. The random pairing method, which uses only 20 sinusoids in the ray-based model for generating the channels, presents good results if the spatial channel cluster is with a small elevation angle spread. For spatial clusters with large elevation angle spreads, however, the random pairing method would fail, and the other two methods should be considered.
Human CD4+ T-cell recognition of influenza A virus hemagglutinin after subunit vaccination

We have examined human CD4+ T-cell recognition of influenza A/Beijing/32/92 (H3N2) virus hemagglutinin following influenza virus HANA subunit vaccination. CD4+ T-cell repertoires were dominated by recognition of epitopes located in conserved regions of the molecule, in a major histocompatibility complex class II haplotype-dependent manner, analogous to that observed following natural infection.
Influence of Optic Disc Size on Neuroretinal Rim Shape in Healthy Eyes

Purpose: To evaluate the influence of optic disc size on segmental neuroretinal rim area in healthy eyes. Patients and Methods: The study included 193 eyes of 193 healthy patients with physiologic disc cupping. On 15° color stereophotographic optic disc diapositives, optic disc area and neuroretinal rim area were morphometrically determined in 36 radial optic disc segments each measuring 10°. Results: The correlations of segmental rim area to disc area were significantly strongest (P < 0.01) and the regression lines were steepest in the inferior disc region, and the values were lowest in the temporal disc region. Complementary to the rim data, the correlations of segmental cup area to disc area were significantly strongest (P < 0.01) and the regression lines were steepest in the temporal disc region, and the values were lowest in the inferior disc region. In comparison with neuroretinal rim area, cup area was significantly (P < 0.01) more strongly correlated with disc area and the regression line was steeper in the whole optic disc and in each disc segment. The regional distribution of the widest rim part and smallest rim part was independent of disc size. Conclusions: The increase of rim area and cup area with increasing disc size differs between various disc regions. Because cup area increases more than rim area with increasing disc size, correction for disc size may be more important for segmental cup area than for segmental rim area. The rim shape with respect to the location of the smallest or broadest rim part is independent of disc size.
Dental Considerations for Cardiac Surgery

Abstract Many patients requiring cardiac surgery possess poor oral health. The presence of decayed teeth, untreated dental abscesses, and periodontitis can all represent potentially potent causes of an odontogenic infection. Ultimately, such an infection can have catastrophic consequences if it occurs during or soon after certain cardiac procedures. Since an association exists between poor oral hygiene and various systemic diseases, many patients scheduled for cardiac procedures inherently possess poor oral hygiene and untreated dental infections. Inadequate patient education, financial constraints, and dental phobia all serve as barriers for patients receiving routine intraoral care. Consequently, patients may unknowingly present for cardiac surgery with undetected oral infections that can magnify the likelihood of an adverse outcome, leading to increased costs, morbidity, and possibly mortality. It is recommended to view oral health in the perspective of systemic health, specifically, recognizing the deleterious impact that an untreated odontogenic infection can have upon cardiac surgery. Therefore, considering scheduling constraints and the urgency of the operation, if time and resources permit, then it is suggested that patients who undergo elective cardiac surgery should be screened preoperatively to ensure that any oral infection is diagnosed and definitively treated. Such an investment can yield significant improvements in surgical outcome and overall patient health.
8-11-2009 Design and Analysis of E 2 RC Codes Using EXIT Chart

We present the design and analysis of a family of codes based on the efficiently-encodable rate-compatible irregular LDPC codes (ERC codes) introduced by Kim, Ramamoorthy and Mclaughlin ‘06. The basic idea is to utilize the structured parity part (of the parity check matrix) of ERC codes and design optimal degree distributions for the systematic part based on EXIT chart analysis. In this work, we propose a new technique for computing EXIT functions of the structured parity part without resorting to Monte Carlo simulations. Our method provides smoother EXIT functions in substantially lesser time. Furthermore, we pose and solve the problem of designing good codes using linear programming. Next, we consider the performance of rate-compatible codes under puncturing using EXIT charts. Finally, we propose joint optimization of our codes at any specified code rate(s) which has not been explored in previous design of rate-compatible punctured codes.
Comparing Two Kinematics Methods for Telerobotic Control Applications

Two inverse kinematics algorithms were implemented in a tele-operated robot system and evaluated with a user performance study. The kinematics algorithms were designed such that the point of resolution (POR) of the robot arm's wrist and the end-effector was controlled by joysticks, one each for rotation and translation. Operator performance was evaluated with “peg-in-the-hole” type tasks using both the wrist and end-effector POR modes. Wrist kinematics resulted in faster performance times, however, with longer average distances traveled while the opposite effect was observed with end-effector kinematics. Reversal errors were present equally in both modes, while the end-effector mode showed higher 1-axis use of the joysticks. Implications for remote robotic operation design and kinematics are discussed.
Increased knee muscle strength is associated with decreased activity limitations in established knee osteoarthritis: Two-year follow-up study in the Amsterdam osteoarthritis cohort.

OBJECTIVE To examine the association between changes in knee muscle strength (extensor and flexor muscles separately, and mean values) and changes in activity limitations in patients with established knee osteoarthritis at 2 years. METHODS Data from 186 patients with knee osteoarthritis, part of the Amsterdam Osteoarthritis cohort, were gathered at baseline and at 2-year follow-up. Strength of the knee extensor and flexor muscles were assessed using an isokinetic dynamometer. Activity limitations were assessed using the Western Ontario and McMaster University Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC) - Physical Function subscale, the Get Up and Go test (GUG), and the 12-steps stairs test. Univariate and multivariate linear regression analyses were used to assess the association between changes in muscle strength and changes in activity limitations, adjusting for relevant confounders and baseline activity limitations. RESULTS There was an overall 16% increase in mean knee muscle strength (p < 0.001), 19% increase in knee extensor muscle strength (p < 0.001), and 17% increase in knee flexor muscle strength (p < 0.001) at 2 years. Increased mean knee muscle strength and knee flexor muscle strength were associated with better self-reported physical function (WOMAC) (b = -5.7, p = 0.03 and b = -6.2, p = 0.05), decreased time on the GUG (b = -1.2, p = 0.003 and b = -1.4, p = 0.05) and decreased time on the stairs test (b = -4.4, p < 0.001 and b = -6.6, p < 0.001). Increased extensor muscle strength was associated only with decreased time on the stairs test (b = -2.7, p < 0.001). CONCLUSION Increased knee muscle strength, mainly in the knee flexors, was associated with decreased activity limitations in patients with knee osteoarthritis at 2 years. Thus, differences in muscle strength may partially explain the between-patients variability in activity limitations.
Linking Library Data for Quality Improvement and Data Enrichment

Dataset interlinking holds the potential for data quality improvement and data enrichment as demonstrated by the Linked Open Data project. This paper explores the library domain characterized by carefully curated datasets that require high quality standards. It presents the results of an experiment in dataset quality improvement and data enrichment conducted by linking library datasets and analysing the results. The experiment was performed using subject authority files from the National Library of Latvia and the Library of Congress. The paper concludes by discussing how Linked Data can be used for data enrichment.
Anaesthetic management of difficult intubation in the paediatric population when direct laryngoscopy initially has failed or is not possible: an audit of current practice at a tertiary paediatric ho- spital

Background Information regarding rates of difficult airway in the paediatric population is lacking, but available data suggests increased frequency in the young and those with congenital or acquired airway abnormalities. Although newer devices, such as the videolaryngoscope, have been developed, fibre-optic intubation (FOI) probably still remains the gold-standard technique for the management of the difficult paediatric airway. Objectives The aim of this audit was to determine what airway management techniques are being utilised in the difficult airway situation, by a group of experienced Consultant Anaesthetists, at a large paediatric centre. Methods
Elements controlling follicular expression of the s36 chorion gene during Drosophila oogenesis

An 84-bp proximal regulatory protein (PRR) of the Drosophila melanogaster s36 chorion gene is sufficient for directing proper temporal and spatial expression of a reporter gene in three domains of the follicle: anterior, posterior, and main body. Here we show that the fidelity of PRR-directed s36 expression is dependent on the proper dorsal-ventral differentiation of the follicular epithelium, which requires the Drosophila epidermal growth factor receptor homolog. Transgenic analysis of site-directed mutants of the PRR suggests that s36 expression is regulated by the concerted action of multiple positive activators. Several cis-acting transcriptional elements have been identified: some appear to function in a quantitative manner, while others either are essential or appear to regulate expression in particular spatial domains. The approximate locations of these regulatory elements have been defined; some map within sequences that are strongly conserved in widely divergent dipteran species. In fact, the PRR analog of the medfly Ceratitis capitata Ccs36 gene directs expression in a manner similar to the D. melanogaster s36 PRR. We propose a model for transcriptional regulation of s36 based on the prechoriogenic polarization of the follicular epithelium that surrounds the developing egg chamber.
A Study of Psychotropic Medication Given ‘As Required’ in a Regional Secure Unit

Within the setting of a regional secure unit, all doses of medication given p.r. n. over three months were ascertained and the details of each administration determined from prescription charts and a semistructured interview with the nursing staff involved. Thirty-two patients were resident for all or part of the study, all compulsorily detained. Only 15 were given medication p.r. n. ) compared with the other patients they were significantly younger and more likely to be detained under civil orders than under the criminal provisions of the Mental Health Act 1983. Rarely was the medication the sole intervention in a crisis. In terms of effects on the overall treatment programme of the patient, medication given p.r. n. seemed to have an impact in only one small subgroup.
Making and the Temporal Resolution of Uncertainty Author ( s ) :

Decision Making and the Temporal Resolution of Uncertainty Author(s): Larry G. Epstein Reviewed work(s): Source: International Economic Review, Vol. 21, No. 2 (Jun., 1980), pp. 269-283 Published by: Blackwell Publishing for the Economics Department of the University of Pennsylvania and Institute of Social and Economic Research -Osaka University Stable URL: http://www.jstor. org/stable/2526180 . Accessed: 18/06/2012 10:07
Neighbourhood street connectivity and injury in youth: a national study of built environments in Canada

Background The influence of the built environment on health is of contemporary societal interest. The design of streets in neighbourhood settings may contribute positively to the health of populations through increased physical activity, but it may also have injury consequences. Methods We conducted a national cross-sectional study to describe the injury experiences of 9021 students from 180 Canadian schools that participated in the 2006 Health Behaviour in School-Aged Children survey. Street designs surrounding each school (5 km circular buffer) were estimated via geographic information systems for three established measures of connectivity (intersection density, average block length and connected node ratio). A composite scale of connectivity was derived using factor analysis. Multilevel logistic regression analyses were used to examine the associations between the composite connectivity measure and students' reports of physical activity injuries occurring in the street (street injuries). Results Students living in neighbourhoods with low versus high street connectivity reported possible increases in the occurrence of street injuries (OR, 1.38; 95% CI, 0.84 to 2.26). This relationship was mainly attributable to the occurrence of bicycle injuries (52% of all street injuries; OR, 2.33; 95% CI, 1.28 to 4.25). The population attributable risk was 20% for street injuries potentially caused by living in an area with low connectivity. Conclusion The design of streets, as a measure of the built environment, is related to the occurrence of youth injury. Positive effects of poorly connected street designs that are likely in terms of physical activity were offset by negative injury outcomes, although the injuries observed were mostly minor in nature.