Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Computerized Physician Order Entry System: A Review on Reduction of Medication Errors

The advancement of computerized physician order entry system has delivered a fast social move in the realm of medication, introducing both new difficulties just as open doors for improving medicinal services. As clinicians work to adjust to the progressions forced by the CPOE, identification of best practices are required for CPOE’s effective implementation. Using the references of published articles on CPOE’s effective implementation and obstacles in its adherence in hospitals, this article aims to identify best practices and useful tools in effective implementation of CPOE. This review is based on a search of Medline, the Cochrane Database of Systemic Reviews, and citation lists of relevant publications. Subject heading and key words used include construction and working of CPOE, CPOE related errors, impact of CPOE on medication errors and obstacles in CPOE effective implementation. Only articles in English were included.
TENT: FULLY TEST-TIME ADAPTATION

A model must adapt itself to generalize to new and different data during testing. This is the setting of fully test-time adaptation given only unlabeled test data and the model parameters. We propose test-time entropy minimization (tent): we optimize for model confidence as measured by the entropy of its predictions. During testing, we adapt the model features by estimating normalization statistics and optimizing channel-wise affine transformations. Tent improves robustness to corruptions for image classification on ImageNet and CIFAR-10/100 and achieves state-of-the-art error on ImageNet-C for ResNet-50. Tent shows the feasibility of target-only domain adaptation for digit classification from SVHN to MNIST/MNIST-M/USPS and semantic segmentation from GTA to Cityscapes.
Inter-Patient Electrocardiogram Heartbeat Classification with 2-D Convolutional Neural Network

Advanced computer technologies can transform the traditional electrocardiogram (ECG) monitoring system for better efficiency and accuracy. ECG records a heart’s electrical activity using electrodes placed on the skin, and it has become an essential tool for arrhythmia detection. The complexity comes from the variety of patients’ heartbeats and massive amounts of information for humans to process correctly. The first part of the thesis presents an image based two-dimensional convolution neural network (CNN) to classify the arrhythmia heartbeats with inter-patient paradigm. It includes a new data pre-processing method. The inter-patient paradigm simulates the practical use case of an ECG heartbeat classifier. Compared to the reported work in the literature, the proposed solution achieves superior experiment results. The rest of the thesis introduces the remote ECG monitoring system. The RESTful API design concepts of the system are described. The proposed API supports an efficient and secure way of interaction between each module in this remote monitoring system.
TITLE: Synchrony and So Much More: Diverse Roles for Electrical Synapses in Neural Circuits RUNNING TITLE: Diverse Roles for Electrical Synapses

Electrical synapses are gap junctions between neurons that are ubiquitous across brain regions and species. The biophysical properties of most electrical synapses are relatively simple— transcellular channels allow nearly ohmic, bidirectional flow of ionic current. Yet these connections can play remarkably diverse roles when placed into different neural circuit contexts. Here I review recent findings illustrating how electrical synapses may excite or inhibit, synchronize or desynchronize, augment or diminish rhythms, phase-shift, detect coincidences, enhance signals relative to noise, adapt, and interact with nonlinear membrane and transmitter-release mechanisms. Most of these functions are likely to be widespread in central nervous systems.
Prediction of Bread Crumb Density by Digital Image Analysis

ABSTRACT The cellular structure of bread crumb (crumb grain) is an important factor that contributes to the textural properties of fresh bread. The accuracy of a digital image analysis (DIA) system for crumb grain measurement was evaluated based on its capability to predict bread crumb density from directly computed structural parameters. Bread was prepared from representative flour samples of two different wheat classes, Canada Western Red Spring (CWRS) and Canada Prairie Spring (CPS). Dough mixing and proofing conditions were varied to manipulate loaf volume and crumb density. Sliced bread was subjected to DIA immediately after physical density measurement. Experiments were repeated for the same bread samples after drying to three different moisture contents. Five computed crumb grain parameters were assessed: crumb brightness, cell wall thickness (CWT), void fraction (VF), mean cell area, and crumb fineness (measured as number of cells/cm2). Crumb density ranged from 0.088 to 0.252 g/cm3 depending on p.
Epigenetic mechanisms in hepatitis B virus-associated hepatocellular carcinoma

Chronic infection of the liver by the hepatitis B virus (HBV) is associated with increased risk for developing hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). A multitude of studies have investigated the mechanism of liver cancer pathogenesis due to chronic HBV infection. Chronic inflammation, expression of specific viral proteins such as HBx, the integration site of the viral genome into the host genome, and the viral genotype, are key players contributing to HCC pathogenesis. In addition, the genetic background of the host and exposure to environmental carcinogens are also predisposing parameters in hepatocarcinogenesis. Despite the plethora of studies, the molecular mechanism of HCC pathogenesis remains incompletely understood. In this review, the focus is on epigenetic mechanisms involved in the pathogenesis of HBV-associated HCC. Epigenetic mechanisms are dynamic molecular processes that regulate gene expression without altering the host DNA, acting by modifying the host chromatin structure via covalent post-translational histone modifications, changing the DNA methylation status, expression of non-coding RNAs such as microRNAs and long noncoding RNAs, and altering the spatial, 3-D organization of the chromatin of the virus-infected cell. Herein, studies are described that provide evidence in support of deregulation of epigenetic mechanisms in the HBV-infected/-replicating hepatocyte and their contribution to hepatocyte transformation. In contrast to genetic mutations which are permanent, epigenetic alterations are dynamic and reversible. Accordingly, the identification of essential molecular epigenetic targets involved in HBV-mediated HCC pathogenesis offers the opportunity for the design and development of novel epigenetic therapeutic approaches.
Starch gelatinization in the presence of emulsifiers. A morphological study of wheat starch

Wheat starch was heated in the presence of emulsifiers (sodium dodecyl sulphate, SDS, sodium stearoyl-lactylate, SSL, and glycerol-monostearate, GMS) and samples were viewed in the scanning electron microscope after heating at different temperatures. It was found that the typical morphological changes occurring when the large wheat starch granules are heated occurred at lower temperatures in the presence of SDS, and at higher temperatures in the presence of GMS or SSL compared to the control without any added emulsifier. Gel volumes changed in the same way, and the amount of amylose leached from the granules decreased in the presence of emulsifiers. Starke-Gelatinierung in Gegenwart von Emulgatoren. Eine morphologische Studie an Weizenstarke. Weizenstarke wurde in Gegenwart von Emulgatoren [Natriumdodecylsulfat (SDS), Natriumstearoyllactylat (SSL) und Glycerolmonostearat (GMS)] erhitzt, und nach dem Erwarmen auf verschiedene Temperaturen wurden die Proben im Rasterelektronenmikroskop betrachtet. Wie im Vergleich zur Kontrolle ohne Zusatz von Emulgatoren gefunden wurde, treten die typischen morphologischen Veranderungen ein, wenn die grosen Weizenstarkekorner in Gegenwart von SDS auf relativ niedrige Temperaturen erhitzt werden, wahrend dies bei hoheren Temperaturen in Gegenwart von GMS und SSL der Fall ist. Die Gelvolumina anderten sich in gleicher Weise, und die aus den Kornern ausgetretene Amylosemenge nahm in Gegenwart der Emulgatoren ab.
A Life-Cycle Model with Individual Volatility Dynamics

A large literature has studied how the presence of uninsurable labor-income risk affects the patterns of savings and portfolio allocation over the life cycle. For example, workers in risky companies, occupations, or industries may have a larger incentive to accumulate wealth to insure against adverse events, such as unemployment, and to prepare for retirement. Moreover, they are likely to hold different investment portfolios, e.g., how much they invest in risky assets and how much of their investment is directed toward liquid versus illiquid accounts. In models with heterogeneous agents, income risk is usually represented by a probability distribution over income draws with a constant variance. Nonetheless, there is increasing evidence that labor-income risk is itself idiosyncratic. For example, Meghir and Pistaferri (2004) use income data from the Panel Study of Income Dynamics to show that there is strong support in favor of income dynamics with a time-varying volatility. Guvenen, Karahan, Ozkan, and Song (2015) show that an income process where variance switches stochastically between low and high regimes can match several higher-order of income moments including the high kurtosis of earnings in the U.S. data. Chang, Hong, Karabarbounis, Wang, and Zhang (2020) use administrative data from Statistics Norway to calibrate a life-cycle model with stochastic volatility in earnings and explore its implications for portfolio choice.
Research on Optim ization of Pm2.5 Exposure Risk Based on the Relationship between Exposure Risk and Age

Air pollution affects people’s health and daily life. In previous studies, mean exposure response coefficient was often used to study the impact of air pollution on health. However, using the mean exposure response coefficient weakens the impact of air pollution on children and the elderly. This paper optimized the use of exposure response coefficient, taking Beijing from 2014 to 2018 as an example, used Integrated Exposure-response (IER) model and life table to estimate the number of premature deaths and years of potential life lost (YPLL), and compared the results before and after optimization. Results show that with the reduction of PM2.5 concentration, the number of premature deaths of Beijing in 2018 decreased by about 2,000 compared with 2014, and YPLL decreased by 0.2 y. By comparing the results before and after optimization, it was found that previous studies had weakened the impact of PM2.5 on human health. Therefore, it is necessary to distinguish ages in air pollution studies. When the question involves the population of all ages, the result of mean exposure response coefficient could be used as the lower limit of the research results.
Enhancement of thermal stability associated with the chemical treatment of bacterial (Gluconacetobacter xylinus) cellulose

Bacterial cellulose produced by Gluconacetobacter xylinus was treated with sodium carbonate (Na2CO3) and sodium hydroxide (NaOH) to remove entrapped noncellulosic materials. Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy has been used to investigate the effect of alkali on the chemical structure of bacterial cellulose. The changes in the crystalline nature of these membranes were analyzed using X-ray diffraction (XRD) technique. The morphology and the removal of noncellulosic impurities followed by alkali treatment were studied using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy dispersive X-ray spectrometry (EDS). The enhanced thermal stability of bacterial cellulose was evident from thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). Further, the alkali treatments resulted in relatively pure form of cellulose, which finds application in various spheres. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2008
Measurements Comparing TCP Cubic and TCP BBR over a Satellite Network

Satellite connections are critical for continuous network connectivity when disasters strike and for remote hosts that cannot use traditional network connections. While satellite Internet bitrates have increased, satellite latencies can still degrade TCP performance. Assessment of TCP over satellite networks is lacking, typically done only by simulation or emulation only, if at all. This paper presents experiments over a commercial satellite network comparing two popular TCP congestion control algorithms: Cubic (the default for most Internet servers) and BBR (recently deployed by Google servers). Analysis of the results shows similar steady-state bitrates for both BBR and Cubic, but with BBR having significantly higher bitrates (and, subsequently, higher round-trip times) than Cubic during start-up.
Oral manifestations in pediatric HIV infection in developing countries based on published research between 2009-2019

Introduction: Despite the slogan “One World, One Hope”, which has been declared in 1996 as a symbol of global commitment to fight against human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)/acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS), the tragedy of HIV epidemic among children continue to expand in developing countries, due to combination of factors including, among others, poor socioeconomic conditions and limited access to health facilities. As a child's immune system is immature, HIV infection often worsens at a more progressive rate and presents with various clinical manifestations in the oral cavity. The aim of this study was to review recent findings on oral manifestations prevalent in pediatric HIV patients confined to developing countries. Material and methods: Literature search was done in accordance with PRISMA in PubMed databases and included cross-sectional observational research published within the last 10 years (2009-2019) on HIV-infected children living in developing countries, assessing intraoral soft tissue lesions. Data were tabulated and calculated for weighted average prevalence of each specific lesion. Results: A total of 186 articles related to “HIV”, “oral manifestation”, and “children” keywords were reviewed, yet only 12 articles were selected based on location and design of study, inclusion criteria, methodology used, parameters studied, and presentation of data. Majority of the studies were conducted in India (5 articles). Candidiasis was the most common oral manifestations found in HIVposi tive children, followed by angular cheilitis, ulcer, and hyperpigmentation, with a mean prevalence of 44.2%, 27.2%, 11.1%, and 6.5%, respectively. Conclusions: Candidiasis remains to be the most common opportunistic infection found in HIV-positive children. HIV AIDS Rev 2020; 19, 4: 222-226 DOI: https://doi.org/10.5114/hivar.2020. 101680
Size dependence of self-diffusion in a dense hard-disc liquid

For a binary liquid mixture of hard discs well above the freezing density of the one-component liquid the size dependence of the self-diffusion coefficients of small and large particles is calculated by molecular dynamics simulation. The observed size effect can be satisfactorily explained by the size-dependent cut-off of long-wavelength fluctuations of transverse collective flow and gives no indication of the importance of more `cooperative' processes at high densities.
Overload Control in a Token Player for a Fuzzy Workflow Management System

The underlying proposal of this work is to control overload of a Token Player in a Fuzzy Workflow Management System. In order to accomplish this, possibility theory is used to measure how much the Token Player can be overloaded. The model used in this work is built using Colored Petri net and the simulation is made using CPN Tools. Finally, is possible to control overload of the Token Player in a Fuzzy Workflow Management System, nevertheless more time is spent to achieve the end of activities.
The Predictive Power of Low T3 Levels among ICU Patients in a Tertiary Care Hospital of Kerala

Just a few studies recorded that low thyroid hormones are independent mortality predictors in ICU-admitted patients, indicating the use of thyroid proile in mortality prediction scoring systems. A spectrum of improvements occurs in ICU patients, beginning with low triiodothyronine (T3) accompanied by low thyroxine (T4) and low thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) levels. To evaluate whether low T3 levels were responsible for increased mortality among ICU patients in a tertiary care hospital. This is a prospective, observational and interventional study carried on 200 ICU admitted patients aged 30-70 years. The study subjects were categorized into two groupssurvivors and non-survivors. Our study results revealed that non-survivors had less T3, less T4, less TSH, more HbA1c indicating that low thyroid levels are playing one of the crucial roles in determining the mortality rate in critically ill patients. Further, we found that the treatment with T4 alone was ineffective while replacement therapy, including T3, proved effective leading to signi icant clinical improvement. Low T3 syndrome has a signi icant effect on the mortality rate of critically ill patients. However, a further larger sample of patients should be evaluated to draw more reliable conclusions on Low T3 levels among ICU patients.
A Survey Paper on Machine Learning Approaches to Intrusion Detection

—This electronic document is a “live” template and already defines the components of your paper [title, text, heads, etc.] in its style sheet. For any nation, government, or cities to compete favorably in today’s world, it must operate smart cities and e-government. As trendy as it may seem, it comes with its challenges, which is cyber-attacks. A lot of data is generated due to the communication of technologies involved and lots of data are produced from this interaction. Initial attacks aimed at cyber city were for destruction, this has changed dramatically into revenue generation and incentives. Cyber-attacks have become lucrative for criminals to attack financial institutions and cart away with billions of dollars, led to identity theft and many more cyber terror crimes. This puts an onus on government agencies to forestall the impact or this may eventually ground the economy. The dependence on cyber networked systems is impending and this has brought a rise in cyber threats, cyber criminals have become more inventive in their approach. This proposed dissertation discusses various security attacks classification and intrusion detection tools which can detect intrusion patterns and then forestall a break-in, thereby protecting the system from cyber criminals. This research seeks to discuss some Intrusion Detection Approaches to resolve challenges faced by cyber security and e-governments; it proffers some intrusion detection solutions to create cyber peace. It discusses how to leverage on big data analytics to curb security challenges emanating from internet of things. This survey paper discusses machine learning approaches to efficient intrusion detection model using big data analytic technology to enhance computer cyber security systems.
Mistify: Automating DNN Model Porting for On-Device Inference at the Edge

AI applications powered by deep learning inference are increasingly run natively on edge devices to provide better interactive user experience. This often necessitates ﬁtting a model originally designed and trained in the cloud to edge devices with a range of hardware capabilities, which so far has relied on time-consuming manual effort. In this paper, we quantify the challenges of manually generating a large number of compressed models and then build a system framework, Mistify , to automatically port a cloud-based model to a suite of models for edge devices targeting various points in the design space. Mistify adds an intermediate “layer” that decouples the model design and deployment phases. By exposing conﬁguration APIs to obviate the need for code changes deeply embedded into the original model, Mistify hides run-time issues from model designers and hides the model internals from model users, hence reducing the expertise needed in either. For better scalability, Mistify consoli-dates multiple model tailoring requests to minimize repeated computation. Further, Mistify leverages locally available edge data in a privacy-aware manner, and performs run-time model adaptation to provide scalable edge support and accurate inference results. Extensive evaluation shows that Mistify reduces the DNN porting time needed by over 10 × to cater to a wide spectrum of edge deployment scenarios, incurring orders of magnitude less manual effort.
A 28 GHz 2x2 Antenna Array with 10 Beams Using Passive Beamforming Network

In this paper, a 2x2 series fed antenna array working at 28 GHz with beam switching capabilities is proposed. The presented antenna design is suitable for 5G user equipments and high data rates applications with low cost, complexity and size. The size of the antenna is 37.2x37. 2 including the ground plane and it produces 10 different switched beams by using only two simple 3dB/ couplers that create the required amplitudes and phase excitations for the antenna elements. The antenna design is implemented on 0.203 mm thick low-loss (tanδ = 0.0027) Rogers 4003C substrate and it has a measured impedance bandwidth of 0.48 GHz for one of the ports. The antenna has an average realized gain of 9 dBi and 10 dB side lobe level (SLL) for all beams. The antenna is designed and simulated using HFSS and fabricated using regular PCB processing.
Determination of Heavy Metals in Salt Water Periwinkle and Fresh Water Periwinkle in Port-Harcourt, Rivers-State

This study of the composition of heavy metal, lead, iron, zinc and mercury in periwinkle tissues (Tympanotonosfiiscatus) were determined from different sampling stations in Mgbuoshimini Port Harcourt, Rivers State, Nigeria, using Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer (AAS). The results obtained from the analysis of salt water and fresh water periwinkle tissues indicated lead 18.62%, iron 70.08%, mercury 11.20% and zinc 53.34% and that of fresh water periwinkle includes 17.48%, 71.79%, mercury 10.71% and zinc 48.28% by percentage conversion. This comparative analysis implies that the fresh water periwinkle tissues have higher concentrations of iron and zinc which can be attributed to the dissolved mineral resources available in both salt and fresh water bodies. However, the concentrations of lead and mercury in these water bodies are above threshold limit which is quite a potential hazard for sea foods. In conclusion, comparison between the two water bodies showed that tissue samples from fresh water had higher concentration of metals in relation to salt water indicating potentials for accumulation, mainly due to differences in anthropogenic activities. Hg, Zn, Fe and Pb concentrations in tissue had values higher than the recommended limits in seafood by FAO/WHO however, regular monitoring is required to observe perturbations. In addition, sea foods obtained from the salt and fresh water bodies are potential sources of heavy metal poisoning, due to industrialization and non-regulatory use of the water bodies, thus, calls for adequate legislation and proper orientation on the use and protection of water bodies from heavy metalpoisoning. Keyword: Periwinkle, Lead, Freshwater, Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer. Copyright © 2021 The Author(s): This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (CC BY-NC 4.0) which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium for non-commercial use provided the original author and source are credited.