Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Interaction of CD4:lck with the T cell receptor/CD3 complex induces early signaling events in the absence of CD45 tyrosine phosphatase

Antibody‐mediated ligation of the CD3/T cell antigen receptor (TcR) activates phospholipase C (PLC) via a tyrosine kinase signaling pathway that requires expression of the transmembrane tyrosine phosphatase CD45. In normal T cells, CD3‐mediated PLC activation is significantly augmented by co‐ligation of CD3 with the CD4 co‐receptor; however, unlike CD3‐associated tyrosine kinases, antibody‐induced activation of the CD4‐associated tyrosine kinase p56lck does not require CD45 expression. To explore the role of CD45 in the CD3 and CD4 activation pathways further, we examined the effect of CD3/CD4 cross‐linking on tyrosine phosphorylation and activation of phospholipase C in CD45− mutant cells of the T cell leukemia line HPB.ALL. In accord with previous observations, anti‐CD3 stimulation of the CD45‐deficient cells failed to activate tyrosine kinases, or PLC as measured by mobilization of intracellular calcium. However, we show here that ligation of CD3 with CD4 leads to tyrosine phosphorylation of PLCγ1 and elevation in the intracellular free Ca2+ concentration in CD45− cells that is in excess of that seen in CD45+ cells. Since CD4 stimulation alone did not activate PLC, a component of the CD3 signaling pathway must be independent of CD45. Anti‐CD4‐induced tyrosine phosphorylation and activation of CD4‐associated lck was also enhanced in CD45− cells, suggesting that increased lck activation compensates for the defect in CD3/TcR signaling, such that interaction of the CD3 signaling pathway with the CD4‐associated pathway activates PLC even in the absence of CD45. The data demonstrate that the requirement for CD45 in coupling CD3/TcR to the PI‐PLC activation cascade is not absolute, but rather substantiates a role for CD45 in modifying molecular interactions that control T cell activation.
Derivation of the Theis (1935) Equation by Substitution

Loaı̀ciga (2009) summarized the different methods that have been used to derive the Theis (1935) equation and ascertained that the most rigorous approaches are based on the Laplace transform method. This commentary supplements Loaı̀ciga’s review by presenting an alternative, simpler rigorous derivation of the Theis equation by substitution. This method is also called a similarity transformation and has been used, for example, to derive the error function solutions for the velocity profile in viscous fluid near a wall (e.g., Bird et al. 1960, 125) and for the one-dimensional problem of diffusion or heat conduction into a semi-infinite medium (e.g., Bird et al. 1960, 353–354). The basis of the method is in replacing the independent variables with a suitable dimensionless variable to reduce the governing partial differential equation to an integrable, ordinary differential equation. The substitution method is limited to solving homogeneous equations with simple boundary and initial conditions, and cannot be readily extended to more complicated cases; in comparison, solution methods based on the Laplace transform in time are applicable to pumping test problems with a wide range of boundary conditions (e.g., partial penetration, wellbore storage, unconfined aquifer). However, the substitution method does allow an easy-tofollow derivation of the Theis (1935) equation. The governing equation for the Theis problem is
CogSMART Compensatory Cognitive Training for Traumatic Brain Injury: Effects Over 1 Year

Objective:There are very few evidence-based treatments for individuals with mild to moderate traumatic brain injuries. We developed and tested a 12-week, manualized, compensatory cognitive training intervention, Cognitive Symptom Management and Rehabilitation Therapy (CogSMART), which targeted postconcussive symptom management, prospective memory, attention, learning/memory, and executive functioning. The intervention focused on psychoeducation and compensatory strategies such as calendar use, self-talk, note taking, and a 6-step problem-solving method. Setting:VA Healthcare System. Participants:A total of 50 Veterans with mild to moderate traumatic brain injuries receiving supported employment. Design:Twelve-month randomized controlled trial with participants assigned to receive CogSMART or additional supported employment sessions for the first 12 weeks. Outcome assessments were administered at baseline and 3, 6, and 12 months. Main Measures:Assessments measured postconcussive symptoms, neuropsychological performance, functional capacity, psychiatric symptom severity, quality of life, and weeks worked during the 12-month trial. Results:Hierarchical linear modeling analyses using all 4 time points demonstrated significant CogSMART-associated reductions in postconcussive symptoms (r = −0.28, P = .026, d = 0.64) and improvements in prospective memory (r = 0.35, P = .031, d = 0.55) and quality of life (r = 0.34, P = .009, d = 1.0). The groups did not differ on weeks worked during the trial. Conclusion:CogSMART has the potential to improve postconcussive symptoms, cognitive performance, and self-rated quality of life in individuals with mild to moderate traumatic brain injuries.
Crop Biophysical Properties Estimation Based on LiDAR Full-Waveform Inversion Using the DART RTM

This paper presents the results of a three-dimensional (3-D) model inversion in order to demonstrate the potential of small footprint light detection and ranging (LiDAR) waveforms for estimating crop biophysical properties. For such, we consider the height, leaf area index (LAI), and ground spectral reflectance of two maize and wheat fields. Crop structure spatial variability that is observed per measured waveform is a source of inaccuracy for the inversion of LiDAR small footprint waveforms. For example, in the maize field, standard deviation is 0.16 m for height and 0.6 for LAI. To mitigate this issue, all measured waveforms are first classified into maize and wheat clusters. Then, biophysical properties are assessed per cluster using a look-up table of waveforms that are simulated by the discrete anisotropic radiative transfer model that works with the LiDAR configuration and realistic crop 3-D mock-ups with varied properties. Results were tested against in situ measurements. Crop height is very well estimated, with root-mean-square error (RMSE) $\approx {0.07}$ and 0.04 m for maize and wheat, respectively. LAI estimate is also accurate (RMSE = 0.17) for maize except for wheat last growth stage (RMSE = 0.5), possibly due to the wheat low LAI value. Finally, the field spatial heterogeneity justifies the selection of many clusters to get accurate results.
Study about Influence Factor of Credibility Dissemination of Internet Mouth

Firstly, the article defined the concept of internet mouth in different research fields; on the base of realistic condition of Chinese electron commerce, the influencing factor model of internet mouth of dissemination credibility was built. In the analysis validated, website credit, information frame, the character of information disseminator, the specialty of information embracer, the connection intensity between information disseminator and embracer, and interaction factor were found, which infected the internet mouth of dissemination credibility. Through correlation analysis of six factors and the internet mouth of dissemination credibility, it was found that different factor show different correlation degree. In the same time, it was also pointed out that the forms of website and information had direct influence on the internet mouth of dissemination credibility by compare means. At the final, this research built credit measure equation across analytic hierarchy process, and provided some advices for internet mall.
A predictive and prognostic medical study for Primary Billiary Cirrhosis by using a Bayesian Neural Network

A predictive and prognostic benchmark medical study is realized for a Primary Billiary Cirrhosis (PBC) dataset by using two different versions of a Bayesian Neural Network (BNN) entitled Partial Logistic Artificial Neural Network for Competing Risks with Automatic Relevance Determination (PLANN-CR-ARD). The two BNN versions are based on two different compensation mechanisms which are designed to preserve the numerical stability of the PLANN-CR-ARD model. The predictions of the PLANN-CR-ARD models are comparable to the non-parametric estimates obtained through the survival analysis of the PBC dataset. A number of prognostic variables are obtained which can have a strong influence on the outcome of the PBC disease. The PLANN-CR-ARD models can be used to investigate the non-linear inter-dependencies between the predicted outputs and the input data which consist of the characteristics of the PBC patients.
CRITERIOS DE CALIDAD DE LOS MICROORGANISMOS PROBIÓTICOS Y EVIDENCIAS SOBRE EFECTOS HIPOCOLESTEROLÉMICOS

En los ultimos anos se ha observado un desarrollo muy importante del mercado de los alimentos funcionales que portan microorganismos vivos. Estos productos soy muy interesantes desde el punto de vista economico, ya que en la mayoria de los casos son leches fermentadas, que al contener algun microorganismo adicional, se les puede incrementar el precio dejando un interesante margen al productor. Sin embargo en muchos casos estos nuevos microorganismos no cumplen unos minimos aspectos de calidad que aseguren su funcionalidad y efectos beneficiosos en el consumidor, por lo que este paga mas para obtener lo mismo. Esta revision pretende plantear cuales son, segun los conocimientos cientificos actuales, las pruebas de calidad que estos microorganismos deben superar antes de ser considerados como probioticos y por tanto incluidos en alimentos y publicitados como funcionales. Siempre partiendo de la base que han superado las pruebas previas de seguridad, basicamente las de inocuidad. A su vez en la presente revision se plantea la funcionalidad de estos microorganismos haciendo hincapie en la reduccion del colesterol plasmatico. Palabras clave: Probioticos, pruebas de calidad, colesterol. Probiotics, quality test, cholesterol
Suicides in Northern India: Causes, methods used and prevention

Suicide patterns and rates differ in various populations and cultures. It has been reported that developing countries have lower suicide rates, possibly because of a lower level of environmental stress but the Indians have a very high suicide rate (Elfawal, 1999). The choice of method used to commit suicide depends on availability of means, knowledge about lethal effectiveness, and the victim's motivation and intent. The present work was designed to investigate the different methods of self-destruction, the age and gender susceptibility to suicide, the groups particularly affected and the underlying motivating factor for such an extreme step among the North Indians. Various suggestions relating to decreasing the tensions of the modern mechanical life-style, educating the public in general and the availability, use and storage of agrochemicals have been put forward. Marriage counselling and the concept of family planning are also advocated.
An approach to Electronic Voting System using UIDAI

Casting a vote and counting votes both by electronic means constitutes Electronic Voting System. Creating an electronic voting system requires the use of robust voting mechanism that is relatively complex to design. In this paper we present a concept of electronic voting system which ensures authentication, authorization and accounting. Approach collects information from UIDAI and uses this information in validating electorate, casting electorate vote during electronic voting procedure. Only necessary information is collected from UIDAI that has some significance in AAA. Our approach addresses issues such as voter frauds, voting accuracy, reliable voting, time delays, increasing electorate participation providing user friendly interface etc., thus providing a framework for fair elections.
Cumulative Experience With Short- and Long-Term Toxicity to 6-Mercaptopurine in the Treatment of Crohn's Disease and Ulcerative Colitis

Background and Aims The efficacy of 6-mercaptopurine (6-MP) in the treatment and long-term maintenance of remission of inflammatory bowel disease and prevention of recurrence after resection in Crohn's disease have been established. Concern about 6-MP toxicity remains, especially the development of neoplasm. The aim of this study is to determine the incidence of all short- and long-term toxicity by follow-up of all patients with inflammatory bowel disease treated with 6-MP over a 20-year period. Materials and Methods We reviewed the office and hospital records and also determined the recent status of 410 patients with inflammatory bowel disease treated with 6-MP from 1980 to 1999. All toxicity was recorded. Results There was a low incidence of early drug-related allergic reactions (3.9%) and pancreatitis (1.2%). Desensitization to either 6-MP or azathioprine is often successful with the same or the other drug. Significant leukopenia (≤3,500) was observed in 11.5%. In some cases, this was caused purposefully. Infectious complications occurred at different times during treatment with 6-MP in 14%, including pneumonia in 3.9% and herpes zoster in 3%. We now establish diabetes as a 6-MP-related complication. No significant difference in the incidence of neoplasm was seen from our earlier study or from patients not treated with 6-MP. We have now seen three lymphomas and two leukemias, again not greater in incidence than the overall inflammatory bowel disease population. Conclusions Our data support the long-term safety of 6-MP in the management of patients with inflammatory bowel disease. Earlier development of a neoplasm in a patient predisposed, without a change in incidence, remains possible.
Macroeconomía y desarrollo económico

La via que asume el Estado define la suerte de la nacion, pero no esta predeterminada porque es una cuestion historica. Los acontecimientos politicos deciden el exito o el fracaso economico. Nadie sabe a priori sus resultados pero es importante conocer de que depende, en ultima instancia el proceso de desarrollo economico y social. Dentro de este marco, la hipotesis de la incertidumbre reivindicada por los neokeynesianos, que se expone en esta obra, constituye una alternativa teorica frente a la hipotesis de las expectativas racionales de la escuela clasica.
Association of Torulopsis glabrata infections with fluconazole prophylaxis in neutropenic bone marrow transplant patients

Because the use of fluconazole prophylaxis had been associated with an increased rate of Candida krusei infections at The John Hopkins Oncology Center, early empiric amphotericin B plus flucytosine were given to febrile neutropenic patients colonized by C. krusei. By this practice, the proportion of fungemias attributable to C. krusei was low (12.5%) in patients receiving fluconazole over a 6-month interval. However, Torulopsis (Candida) glabrata assumed a much higher proportion of fungemias (75%) among patients receiving fluconazole. In vitro susceptibility testing combined with this clinical experience suggests that some T. glabrata isolates are not susceptible to fluconazole and can cause breakthrough infections in patients receiving fluconazole.
Accessibility in metropolitan transportation planning : visualizing a GIS-based measure for collaborative planning

ACCESSIBILITY IN METROPOLITAN TRANSPORTATION PLANNING: VISUALIZING A GIS-BASED MEASURE FOR COLLABORATIVE PLANNING by Aditi Sarkar Passed by the US Congress in 1995, the Safe, Accountable, Flexible, Efficient Transportation Equity Act: A Legacy for Users (SAFETEA-LU), requires Metropolitan Planning Organizations (MPOs) to further the trend of collaboration by employing visualization techniques for Transportation Improvement Programs (TIPs). In the first part of this two-part research, three New Jersey MPOs are investigated to understand how accessibility is considered by their organizations, how TIPs are evaluated, and how collaborative planning and visualization techniques are used to evaluate TIPs. In the second part of this study, a small segment of a MPO's jurisdiction is selected to develop a visualization of the change in accessibility brought about by a TIP. Suitability analysis, a method commonly used for collaborative decision making in land use planning, is employed to develop the accessibility measure from service areas generated by ArcGIS Network Analyst. Service area values are calculated by a gravitytype model that decay inversely to network distance and network time and are dependent on the travel mode desires of the residents of the region. The resultant accessibility raster, a product of collaborative planning, is dependent on the physical characteristics of the region and the people residing there. This accessibility raster is used to visualize change in accessibility before and after a TIP. Zonal statistics may be applied on this raster to evaluate environmental justice concerns by MPOs. ACCESSIBILITY IN METROPOLITAN TRANSPORTATION PLANNING: VISUALIZING A GIS-BASED MEASURE FOR COLLABORATIVE PLANNING
INFLUENCE OF INSTRUCTIONAL SUPERVISION ON CURRICULUM IMPLEMENTATION IN SELECTED NORTH RIFT, KENYA COUNTIES PUBLIC SECONDARY SCHOOLS

The aim of this paper is to describe how instructional supervision activities influenced curriculum implementation in selected North Rift counties public secondary schools in Kenya. Key educational stakeholders in the region are concerned with deteriorating quality education and that is why the study determined how internal quality assurance and standards of instructional supervision was carried out in the schools. This study was conducted in three counties in Kenya; Elgeyo-Marakwet, West Pokot and Baringo Counties. The paper adopted a descriptive survey research design targeting teachers, principals and sub counties quality assurance and standards officers. The study used questionnaire and interview schedule as instruments of data collection. Data analysis was done using descriptive and inferential statistics. Qualitative data analysis was done using thematic method. Research findings showed that instructional supervision had a significant influence (β=0.203 and p=0.05) on curriculum implementation in schools. the paper recommends that there is need for principals to continuously work with teachers on how to improve and revolutionise their teaching and learning approaches to match with the current and global trends in the teaching profession. Article visualizations:
CumuloNimbo: Una plataforma como servicio con procesamiento transaccional altamente escalable.

El modelo de computaci? on en la nube (cloud computing) ha ganado mucha popularidad en los ultimos anos, prueba de ello es la cantidad de productos que distintas empresas han lanzado para ofrecer software, capacidad de procesamiento y servicios en la nube. Para una empresa el mover sus aplicaciones a la nube, con el fin de garantizar disponibilidad y escalabilidad de las mismas y un ahorro de costes, no es una tarea facil. El principal problema es que las aplicaciones tienen que ser redisenadas porque las plataformas de computaci? on en la nube presentan restricciones que no tienen los entornos tradicionales. En este articulo presentamos CumuloNimbo, una plataforma para computacion en la nube que permite la ejecucion y migracion de manera transparente de aplicaciones multi-capa en la nube. Una de las principales caracteristicas de CumuloNimbo es la gestion de transacciones altamente escalable y coherente. El articulo describe la arquitectura del sistema, asi como una evaluaci? on de la escalabilidad del mismo.
A study of reinforcement learning for the robot with many degrees of freedom - acquisition of locomotion patterns for multi-legged robot

Reinforcement learning has recently been receiving much attention as a learning method for not only toy problems but also complicated systems such as robot systems. It does not need priori knowledge and has higher capability of reactive and adaptive behaviors. However, increasing of action-state space makes it difficult to accomplish the learning process. In most of the previous works, the application of the learning is restricted to simple tasks with a small action-state space. Considering this point, we present a new reinforcement learning algorithm: Q-learning with dynamic structuring of exploration space based on genetic algorithm. The algorithm is applicable to systems with high dimensional action and interior state spaces, for example, a robot with many redundant degrees of freedom. To demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm simulations of locomotion patterns for a 12-leged robot were carried out. As the result, an effective behavior was obtained by using our proposed algorithm.
Déviation de l’auto-immunité chez la souris NOD invalidée pour la voie ICOS/ICOSL

Le modele murin le plus utilise pour le diabete de type 1 est la souris NOD. L’activation des lymphocytes T autoreactifs vis a vis des cellules beta necessite la reconnaissance par le TCR de l’auto antigene presente par le CMH ainsi que des signaux de co stimulation. Nous apportons la preuve que la voie de costimulation ICOS/ICOSL est indispensable au developpement du diabete chez la souris NOD. En effet, les souris invalidees pour le gene Icos ou IcosL sont protegees du diabete. Nous avons demontre que cette protection est liee a un defaut d’activation des LT diabetogenes. De facon inattendue, nous avons observe chez ces souris ICOS-/- et ICOSL-/- une neuromyopathie. Cette pathologie se developpe parallelement au diabete chez la souris ICOSL+/+. Sur le plan histologique, le muscle strie peripherique et le nerf peripherique est envahi par un infiltrat lymphocytaire et par des cellules presentatrices d’antigene. Nous avons demontre par des experiences de transfert adoptif que la neuromyopathie est une maladie auto-immune donnees, nous avons etudie les souris NOD ICOSL-/- CIITA-/-. Ces souris sont depourvues de lymphocytes T -CD4+ et ne developpent pas de neuromyopathie ni de diabete. De meme, nous avons etudie les souris NOD ICOSL-/- beta2m-/-. Ces souris sont depourvues de lymphocytes T-CD8+ et developpent une neuromyopathie. Cette deviation de l’auto-immunite est liee a l’interaction entre les LT et les lymphocytes B via le signal ICOS/ICOSL. Nous avons prouve via des experiences de transfert et de chimeres que l’absence de signal ICOS/ICOSL entre les lymphocytes T et les lymphocytes B oriente l’auto-immunite vers le systeme nerveux peripherique et le muscle strie. Enfin, l’analyse du spectre de specificite des anticorps present chez la souris ICOSL-/- par western blot puis par spectrometrie de masse a precise les cibles antigeniques de la myopathie. L’invalidation de la voie ICOS/ICOSL conduit donc a une deviation de l’auto-immunite du pancreas vers le muscle et le systeme nerveux peripherique. Ces donnees prouvent que la voie ICOS/ICOSL est indispensable a l’initiation du diabete, mais aussi au controle de l’auto-immunite
PERFORMANCE ANALYSIS OF VoIP SERVICES IN LTE NETWORKS

Future telecommunications nodes will be predominantly mobile, bringing a new development of multimedia capabilities and performance service areas compared with the communications carried on fixed networks. In this paper there will be analyzed the performance of VoIP services in LTE networks, depending on the bandwidth of the channel, the method of modulation and coding schemes, by simulation of two techniques for programming packages: FD (Fully Dynamic) and SPP (Semi Persistent Packet).