Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Colorectal Cancer Risk and Prevention Knowledge among Adults Attending Public Health Facilities in Obudu, Cross River State, Nigeria

Background: Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the 5th most frequent cause of cancer-related deaths in Nigeria. As with other cancers, CRC risk is multifactorial, including issues such as poor diet, obesity, alcohol abuse, physical inactivity, age above 50 years, history of adenomatous polyps, inflammatory bowel disease, and family history of CRCs or polyps. Aim: The study aimed to ascertain the level of knowledge of risk factors and preventive measures against CRC among adults attending health facilities in Obudu Local Government area Cross River State, Nigeria. Study Design: A descriptive survey research design was used. Place and Duration of Study: Urban health facilities in Obudu Local government area, Cross River state between 2017 and 2019. Methodology: The sample of the study comprised 310 attendees of health facilities. A structured questionnaire was the main instrument used for data collection. Face validity was employed. The split-half method was used to establish the reliability of the instrument with thirty adults in a neighboring town. Original Research Article Ugbe et al.; AJMAH, 18(10): 131-143, 2020; Article no.AJMAH. 62553 132 Results: Findings showed that males had better knowledge of risk factors (75.3%) than females (45.8%); and males had better knowledge of prevention of CRC (82.1%) than females (57.2%), hence showing a significant association (P=.002, P=.003) between gender with knowledge of risk factors and prevention of CRC respectively. There were also significant associations between age (P=.007, .001) and educational level (P=.002, .006) with knowledge of risk factors and prevention of CRC respectively. This showed that younger ages and higher education were associated with better knowledge of CRC. Conclusions: Less knowledgeable women and persons with low educational level should be targeted with messages on CRC. Health educators should intensify their health education campaign on the importance of screening as the major preventive measure against CRC at the household level. Government and non-governmental organizations (NGOs) should sponsor the provision of resources and screening facilities.
A WSN Clustering Multi-Hop Routing Protocol Using Cellular Virtual Grid in IoT Environment

By dividing the grid and clustering multi-hop algorithm, the lifetime of WSN can be prolonged effectively, and the reliability of the system can be improved. In order to prolong network lifetime and balance network energy consumption, a WSN clustering multi-hop routing protocol for electric vehicles using cellular virtual grid is proposed. The routing mechanism divides cells into regular hexagons. In the cluster head selection stage, the node angle ratio, distance ratio, and throughput optimization threshold function are introduced to select cluster heads independently. In data transmission, single hop in cluster and mixed hop between clusters are used to optimize the path and reduce energy consumption when transmitting data among cluster head nodes. In the routing protocol, the path cost from the intermediate node to the target node is calculated according to the distance and residual energy. The simulation results show that the protocol has obvious advantages in reducing network energy consumption compared with several traditional algorithms when the running time reaches 1200 s and the network coverage is high.
Knowledge Management Practices and Project Performance in Tharaka Nithi County, Kenya

Public infrastructure projects have taken a moderate pace since freedom. The records from the Kenya government 2014 on vision 2030 towards an internationally serious and prosperous Kenya demonstrate that the moderate pace in execution of open foundation ventures has prompted unsatisfactory street systems; under normalized open pleasantries; non network of the national matrix line to mechanical expected regions; inadequate relief measures in agrarian territories; and ruined motorization of the once serious enterprises that are going under. A major problem facing county governments is how to maximize on knowledge management in project management. The main objective of this study is to determine the effect of knowledge management practices on project performance in Tharaka Nithi County, Kenya. The study sets out to determine the effect of knowledge creation, knowledge sharing, knowledge acquisition and knowledge storage on project performance in Tharaka Nithi County, Kenya. The study was anchored on Knowledge-Based View Theory the Resource-Based Theory and the Organization Learning Theory. The study adopted cross sectional, explanatory and descriptive research designs targeting 120 management staff and employees of Tharaka Nithi County. A census study of all the targeted staff was carried out. Primary data was collected using structured questionnaire. The questionnaires were piloted with 12 staff from the neighboring Embu County to determine their return rate. The study used multiple regression analysis, frequencies, bar graphs, means and standard deviation measures. The study established that knowledge sharing influence project performance in Tharaka Nithi County. The study found that knowledge acquisition influences project performance in Tharaka Nithi County to a great extent. The study found that knowledge acquisition influences project performance in Tharaka Nithi County to a great. The study concludes that knowledge creation has a positive and significant influence on project performance in Tharaka Nithi County.The study will be used by project management team in other counties as it will help in formulation of proper knowledge management practices that promote effective project delivery.
PRODUCCIÓN Y CARACTERIZACIÓN DE ZEOLITA OBTENIDA A PARTIR DE CENIZA VOLANTE MEDIANTE DRX

En el presente trabajo se busco sintetizar zeolita a partir de un residuo de la industria de la energia electrica (Cenizas volantes). Las zeolitas son materiales constituidos por oxidos de aluminio y silicio, altamente usados en la industria quimica como adsorbentes, soportes de catalisis, tamices moleculares, entre otros. Las relaciones Si/Al necesarias para la preparacion de las zeolitas varian de acuerdo al material zeolitico que se quiere obtener, en este caso dicha relacion permite la sintesis de zeolitas mediante tratamiento hidrotermico usando como precursor para la cristalizacion NaOH. Se usan diferentes tecnicas de caracterizacion de materiales para la determinacion de la transformacion del residuo a zeolita, siendo la mas importante la difraccion de rayos X (DRX) ya que permite determinar las fases cristalinas que se han obtenido. Los resultados muestran la otencion de zeolita Na – P y Na – A, siendo esta ultima la de mayor interes debido a sus amplias aplicaciones industriales. Durante el proceso de sintesis de zeolita se han variado parametros de reaccion como: temperatura, tiempo de cristalizacion, concentracion de NaOH y relacion liquido solido, esto con el fin de aumentar la concentracion de zeolita Na – A.
Evaluation of microbiological, chemical, and sensory properties of cooked probiotic sausages containing different concentrations of astaxanthin, thymol, and nitrite

Abstract In this study, the effects of different concentrations of thymol and astaxanthin on control of Clostridium perfringenes and also microbial, chemical, and organoleptic properties of common and probiotic beef cooked sausages containing two levels of nitrite during storage at refrigerated condition during 45 days were evaluated. Based on findings, control group had significantly higher total volatile base nitrogen (TVB‐N) than nitrite‐, thymol‐, and astaxanthin‐treated samples. At the end of the storage time in control, thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) value reached 1.96 mg/kg, while the values for treated samples remained lower than 1.63 mg/kg. Final count of lactic acid bacteria decreased approximately 1.67–3.79 log CFU/g in treated samples compared with the control group (p < .05). A reduction between 1.46 and 2.46 log CFU/g in C. perfringenes count was recorded for the treated samples in comparison with control group after 45 days of storage.
Two-Phase Optimization Method for Determining Distribution Center Locations and Distribution Routes (Case Study: X Ltd.)

One of the main keys to establishing a company’s facilities is to determine the best location with consideration of proximity to customers. After determining the location using the P-Center method, the company aims to maximize its profit by minimizing the distribution costs. It can be minimized by finding the shortest route. The best route determination method used in this study is the Capacitated Vehicle Routing Problem. The initial solution was obtained from data processing with the Nearest Neighborhood algorithm. The routes obtained from this method are optimal local results so that they can still be optimized to obtain the optimal global results. The results will be reprocessed with improvement heuristics method, namely Simple Local Search to get the most optimal results. From this data processing, it will produce an output in the form of the location of the best facility and route construction by producing the minimum total of distribution cost. Keywords―CVRP, Logistics Facility Planning, P-Center, Simple Local Search.
A Novel Managing Programming Bug Triaging System by using Content based Predictor Algorithm

: The present paper suggests about the programming association that is spent by excess 48% in management programming bugs that is having an unavoidable walk by explaining bugs to a bug triage, that has a viable consign hope to be fashioner to an added bug. Bug triaging recommends the way towards doling by bug that is the most rational originator to be fixed and is ended up by progressive troublesome and confounded degree programming amount of architect augment. Programming bugs that are predicted to be bug triaging that is troublesome, dreary, dull and luxurious errand for marvellous programming exploits of quantity to be touchingnear the bug report is common in triaging the broad amount of touching bug report that is worrying and dull errand. Approximately portion of bug triaging process is of behind inwards bug response to an designer to be effectively resolved bug. Now by deleting the bug answer that is relevant creator in an indispensable walk to be diminished by throwing bug that has a path toward reallocating the bug answer to addedauspicious architect that is to be essentially picked one cannot be resolved.
In Vitro - In Vivo Evaluation of Okra Gum: Guar Gum Compression Coated Diclofenac Sodium Tablets for Colonic Delivery: A Factorial Approach

ABSTRACT Colon targeting would be valuable when a delay in absorption is therapeutically desirable in treatment of chronic medical condition like rheumatoid arthritis (RA). The major objective was to modulate drug release of prepared matrices to target the peak symptoms of RA in early morning. The main interest in such dosage form was to target the drug to the colon by ensuring minimal amount of drug release in the physiological environment of the upper GI tract. Preparation of compressed coated tablets was done using okra gum and guar gum followed by optimization using 32 full factorial designs. Tablets were evaluated for in vitro characterizations including detailed dissolution study, in vivo pharmacokinetic study and stability study. Formulation (F9) of okra gum: guar gum in 75:25 % ratios with 450mg coat weight is most likely to provide colonic delivery Diclofenac sodium. In vivo ingestion in rabbits showed controlled release pharmacokinetic profile of prepared formulation (F9) with Cmax of 22.31 mcg/mL at 6h (Tmax) compare to marketed formulation (voveran) with Cmax of 23.64 mcg/mL at 2h (Tmax). The insignificant changes in the physical appearance, drug content and dissolution profile of F9 formulation after storage at 400 C/75% RH for 3 months indicate good stability.
UV and ozone treatment of polypropylene and poly(ethylene terephthalate)

The effects of exposure to ultraviolet (UV) light and ozone, separately and in combination, were investigated with respect to polypropylene (PP) and poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET) surfaces. Three combinations of UV light and ozone were studied: ozone only, UV light in air (producing ozone), and UV light in air (producing ozone) supplemented by additional ozone in the incoming air. The effect of the exposure time of the PP and PET to each treatment was studied. The samples were analyzed by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) to determine the surface composition, and by dynamic contact angle to determine the water wettability. The results showed that the effect of the treament was dependent on the properties of the exposed polymer, with PET being more sensitive to the UV light and PP being more sensitive to the reactive species in the gas. The exposure times studied ranged from 1 to 90 min. By monitoring the oxygen uptake levels, we were able to determine that surface modification occurred within min.
Improved synchronization of diesel generators in variable frequency conditions using predictive method

U radu je razmatrana sinhronizacija dizel generatora ostrvskog napajanja nominalne snage 2MW koji se često uključuju na mrežu. Efikasno korišćenje vetrogeneratora sa promenljivim generisanjem energije podrazumeva brzo i efikasno uključivanje i sinhronizaciju dizel agregata kako potrošači ne bi ostali bez napajanja. Razmatrana metoda prediktivne sinhronizacije ima znatnih prednosti nad konvencionalnih metoda sinhronizacije jer omogućuje sinhronizuaciju generatora za najkraće vreme. Primena adaptivnih neuro-fuzi sistema je metoda koja daje najbolje rezultate.
Effect of Soil Treatments and Amendments on the Nematode Community under Miscanthus Growing in a Lead Contaminated Military Site

Applying phytotechnologies with energy crops on lands contaminated with trace elements provides cellulosic biomass and improves soil health. The process can be reflected in changes in the soil nematode community structure. This study assessed the nematode community composition of soil with Miscanthus grown with different agronomic practices. The research was conducted at Fort Riley, Kansas, USA, in soil with aged contamination by Pb at 1000 to 1500 mg/kg. The experimental design was a randomized complete block composed of four replications of five treatments: Control-undisturbed mixed plant cover and four conditions of Miscanthus growth, which consisted of No-till, Till (immediately before planting), Till + P, and Till + biosolids. Analysis of abundance, diversity, and community functional status indicators showed differential sensitivity of nematode taxa to agronomic treatments. Significant transformations in the nematode trophic group structure occurred under Miscanthus cultivation compared with the undisturbed mixed plant cover. Shannon and Pielou index response to agronomic treatments illustrated decreasing nematode community diversity with all Miscanthus agronomic conditions. However, agronomic practices led to increasing nematode community maturity, but those effects varied between spring and fall seasons. Increasing herbivores and omnivore-predators were the primary drivers of the observed changes in the nematode community due to planting Miscanthus. The nematode ecological structure indicators suggested that growth in Pb-contaminated land using different agronomical practices likely affects essential soil processes. More study is needed to define the effects of pre-plant tillage and amendments to soil nematode communities and Miscanthus yield over multiple growing seasons of this perennial crop.
Influence of the Electrical Double Layer in Electrowetting

Electrowetting (wetting under the influence of an applied electric field) of three fluoropolymer surfaces (amorphous Teflon, DuPont) by electrolyte solutions was studied with the sessile drop method. The electrowetting curve (contact angle/potential) is analogous to the electrocapillary curve (surface tension/potential) and may be described by a combination of the Young and Lippmann equations. The influence of the electrical double layer at the polymer/solution interface has been neglected in the past because the overall interfacial capacitance is mainly determined by the capacitance of the insulating polymer layer. We demonstrate that for some surfaces a systematic deviation occurs at positive potentials. This departure from the constant capacitance regime is attributed to double layer effects, namely, the adsorption of hydroxide and halide anions. The pH, ionic strength, and polymer composition can all influence electrowetting behavior.
Proceso inflamatorio en la enfermedad de Alzheimer. Papel de las citoquinas

La enfermedad de Alzheimer (EA) es la enfermedad neurodegenerativa mas comun en la actualidad. Los marcadores neuropatologicos son las placas s-amiloides (As) y los ovillos neurofibrilares, pero el proceso inflamatorio desarrolla un papel fundamental en la patogenesis de la EA. Los componentes inflamatorios relacionados con la EA son celulas cerebrales como los astrocitos y celulas de la microglia, el sistema de complemento, las citoquinas y las quimioquinas. Sin embargo, no solo la glia, sino tambien las neuronas, secretan citoquinas en forma constitutiva. El peptido As es capaz de activar la microglia, ya sea para que se haga fagocitica y agreda las neuronas vecinas directamente, o las agreda indirectamente, liberando citoquinas inflamatorias. Las citoquinas desempenan un papel clave en el proceso inflamatorio y anti-inflamatorio relacionado con la EA. Un factor importante en el inicio del proceso inflamatorio es la sobreexpresion de la interleuquina 1 (IL-1), la cual induce a muchas reacciones en un circulo vicioso que causa disfuncion y muerte neuronal. Otras citoquinas importantes en la neuroinflamacion son la IL-6 y el factor de necrosis tumoral TNFα. Por el contrario, otras citoquinas como IL-1ra (citoquina antagonista del receptor de IL-1), IL-4, IL-10 y el factor de crecimiento transformante beta ((TGF) –β), pueden suprimir tanto la produccion de citoquinas proinflamatorias como su accion, protegiendo consecuentemente al cerebro. Durante el desarrollo de este capitulo se analiza de forma detallada cada una de las citoquinas proinflamaorias y antiinflamatorias y su implicacion en la EA. Las quimioquinas consisten en una familia con 50 moleculas diferentes que confieren quimiotaxis, extravasacion tisular y modulacion de la funcion leucocitaria durante el proceso de la inflamacion. La importancia de la generacion de quimioquinas en el cerebro de la EA es subrayada por el hecho que estas moleculas pueden ser los reguladores de la migracion microglial y del reclutamiento de astrocitos al area de neuroinflamacion. Ellas son por lo tanto responsables del grado de inflamacion local. Sin embargo, se ha encontrado que varios receptores de citoquinas y quimioquinas estan regulados en el cerebro de EA. Se ha observado en estudios epidemiologicos que el tratamiento con farmacos antiinflamatorios no esteroidicos (AINEs), disminuye el riesgo de desarrollar EA, pero desafortunadamente los ensayos clinicos con AINEs con enfermos de Alzheimer no han dado resultados esperanzadores. En la actualidad existen estudios en los que los antioxidantes polifenolicos parecen frenar las respuestas proinflamatorias en la EA, por lo que la suplementacion con estos compuestos naturales parece constituir una nueva linea terapeutica para los enfermos de Alzheimer, tanto en formas farmaceuticas como considerando su composicion dentro de los alimentos de la dieta de estos pacientes.
The Phase Behavior and Crystallization of 2-Chloromandelic Acid: The Crystal Structure of the Pure Enantiomer and the Behavior of Its Metastable Conglomerate

Crystallization of racemic 2-chloromandelic acid yields a metastable conglomerate in addition to a more stable racemic compound. The crystal structure of the pure enantiomer is reported and the relative stability of the racemic compound and conglomerate was determined at both room temperature and the melting point. Crystallizations from melt and solution are shown to offer potential crystallization pathways to the conglomerate, provided crystallization of the racemic compound can be avoided.
Postural Synergy-Based Exoskeleton Reproducing Natural Human Movements to Improve Upper Limb Motor Control after Stroke

Background: Upper limb exoskeletons have drawn significant attention in neurorehabilitation because of anthropomorphic mechanical structure analogous to human anatomy. Whereas, the training movements are typically underorganized because most exoskeletons only control the movement of the hand in space, without considering rehabilitation of joint motion, particularly inter-joint postural synergy. The purposes of this study were to explore the application of a postural synergy-based exoskeleton (Armule) reproducing natural human movements for robot-assisted neurorehabilitation and to preliminarily assess its effect on patients' upper limb motor control after stroke. Methods: We developed a novel upper limb exoskeleton based on the concept of postural synergy, which provided five degrees of freedom (DOF) , natural human movements of the upper limb. Eight participants with hemiplegia due to a first-ever, unilateral stroke were recruited and included. They participated in exoskeleton therapy sessions 45 minutes/day, 5 days/week for 4 weeks, with passive/active training under anthropomorphic trajectories and postures. The primary outcome was the Fugl-Meyer Assessment for Upper Extremities (FMA-UE). The secondary outcomes were the Action Research Arm Test(ARAT), modified Barthel Index (mBI) , and exoskeleton kinematic as well as interaction force metrics: motion smoothness in the joint space, postural synergy error, interaction force smoothness, and the intent response rate. Results: After the 4-weeks intervention, all subjects showed significant improvements in the following clinical measures: the FMA-UE ( p =0.02), the ARAT ( p =0.003), and the mBI score ( p <0.001). Besides, all subjects showed significant improvements in motion smoothness ( p =0.004), postural synergy error ( p =0.014), interaction force smoothness ( p =0.004), and the intent response rate ( p =0.008). Conclusions: The subjects were well adapted to our device that assisted in completing functional movements with natural human movement characteristics. The results of the preliminary clinical intervention indicate that the Armule exoskeleton improves individuals’ motor control and activities of daily living (ADL) function after stroke, which might be associated with kinematic and interaction force optimization and postural synergy modification during functional tasks. Clinical trial registration: ChiCTR, ChiCTR1900026656; Date of registration: October 17, 2019. http://www.chictr. org.cn/showproj.aspx? proj=44420
Impacto de falhas transientes em memórias SRAM em nanotecnologia

Esse trabalho avalia o impacto de falhas transientes induzidos por radiacao em cinco topologias de celulas SRAM: 6T, 8T, 9T, 8T-SER e DICE. A analise explora as caracteristicas temporais, de dissipacao de potencia e o limiar de LET durante a operacao de armazenamento. As celulas de memoria foram descritas utilizando o modelo preditivo na tecnologia de 16nm. Os resultados mostram o melhor desempenho da celula DICE como a opcao mais robusta quanto aos efeitos de radiacao. A celula 8T-SER obteve a melhor estabilidade considerando a tolerância ao ruido. Tambem sao apresentados os ganhos na utilizacao da celula 8T em relacao a 6T quando consideradas as metricas de atraso e consumo energetico.