Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Effects of Water Temperature on Growth Performance in Juvenile Amur Sturgeon, Sterlet and Siberian Sturgeon

The effects of water temperature(15℃, 18℃, 21℃, 24℃ and 27℃) on growth performance of juvenile Amur sturgeon(Acipenser schrenckii), sterlet(A. ruthenus) and Siberian sturgeon(A.baerii) were studied in a recirculating system. The results showed that the specific growth rate in body length(SGRL) was found to be significantly higher in the juvenile Amur sturgeon in 24℃ group than in other groups(P0.05), without significant difference in specific growth rate in body weight(SGRW). Absolute growth rate in body length(AGRL) was found to be decreased with rising temperature within 18℃~27℃, significantly higher in Amur sturgeon juveniles in 15℃ group(P0.05). The absolute growth rate in body weight(AGRW) was higher in the juvenile Amur sturgeon within 18℃~24℃ than in 15℃ and 27℃ groups(P0.05). The relative growth rate in body length was found to be increased with increasing temperature within 18-24℃, significantly higher in Amur sturgeon juveniles in 15℃ and 27℃ groups(P0.05), with the optimum temperature range of 18~24℃, and the optimum growth temperature of 24℃. There was significantly higher SGRLin sterlets juveniles in18℃ group than in other temperature groups(P0.05), without significant difference in SGRW(P0.05). The AGRWwas found first increases,and then decrease from 15℃ to 24℃ in juvenile starlet, significantly higher in 18℃(0.61g/d) and 24℃(0.64g/d) groups than in other groups, the minimum AGRL(1.6mm/d) in 15℃ group, significantly lower than in other groups. The optimum growth temperature was changed from 18℃ to 24℃ for starlet juveniles, with the optimum growth temperature of 18℃. Siberian sturgeon fingerlings exposed to 21℃ showed significantly higher SGRL, AGRLand body length relative growth rate than the fish in the other groups(P0.05)within the temperature range of 15~27℃, with the minimal survival rate at 27℃. The optimum growth was observed in Siberian sturgeon fingerlings at water temperature from 15℃ to 24℃, with the optimum growth temperature of 21℃, Siberian sturgeon being a strong allometry growth model at different temperature, and different from Sterlet and Siberian sturgeons. The findings show that the 3species of sturgeon fingerlings are reared at different temperature ranges within the water temperature of 15~27℃, since the sturgeon fingerlings have various optimum growth temperature and condition factors in different temperature in early growth stage.
Immunization and antibody response in the newborn infant. I. Pertussis inoculation within twenty-four hours of birth.

THE pediatrician, general practitioner and public-health officer are concerned with early, safe, effective protection against diseases that can be prevented by the use of vaccines. The earliest time that adequate active immunization can be accomplished in infants is very difficult to determine, and in fact not finally decided for any of the immunizing agents commonly used in infancy,1 2 3 4 5 although the basic processes involved in immunology are being pursued. Previous studies6,7 showed that children at three weeks of age can be effectively immunized against pertussis, tetanus and diphtheria. These studies demonstrated that protective levels of antibody responses could be obtained .
FOOD HABITS OF SCELOPORUS UNDULATUS TRISTICHUS COPE (SOUAMATA: IGUANIDAE) IN ARIZONA

Stomach analyses of 86 Sceloporus undulatus tristichus from cen- tral Arizona indicate Isoptera are major food items, both numerically and volumet- rically in late July and August. Predation on the southwestern pine tip moth, Rhyacionia neomexicana, is apparently insignificant. Four families of insects and ten families of spiders are reported as prey of Sceloporus for the first time. While studying the ecology of the southwestern pine tip moth, Rhy- acionia neomexicana (Dyar) (Lepidoptera: Olethreutidae), in central Arizona, 86 eastern fence lizards, Sceloporus undulatus tristichus Cope, were collected to determine if they prey upon R. neomexicana. The tip moth infests ponderosa pine, Pinus ponderosa Lawson, especially young trees such as those reseeded naturally or planted in areas burned by forest fires. A knowledge of the predators and parasites of this insect is important for understanding its life history and planning pos- sible control methods. It is difficult to determine the importance of lizards as insect pred- ators without knowing the density of both prey and predator species. However, some idea of the relative importance of prey species, in terms of number of individuals eaten and volume occupied by each type, can be gained by stomach content analysis. Thus, stomach contents of the 86 lizards were analyzed to determine prey species and relative importance of R. neomexicana as prey. Previous authors have found that lizards of the genus Sceloporus
A Revision of the genus Chesneya from East Himalayas

The genus Chesneya from Eastern Himalayas has been studied according to morphological characters, we have discovered that the cylindrical or oblong pod and spongy pericarp are not its characteristic features; but the cushion-shaped habit is the ecotype of adapting its to alpine and desert belt, so the genus Spongiocarpella is untenable, the species S. yunnanensis, S. paucifoliolata, S. intermedia transfered in the genus Chesneya .
A Relay Mechanism for Phloem Translocation

Miinch's pressure-flow mechanism is the most popular hypothesis for phloem translocation; however, difficulties with it are not resolved. The metabolic pumping hypotheses on the other hand often run into complications with the high flux-density requirement of translocation. A 4 relay* mechanism is proposed for solute translocation in plants, which is a hybrid between pressure flow and one or another of the, at present, alternative candidates for the task of driving phloem translocation. Such a compromise may make sense of the confusing experimental and ultrastructural evidence.
Impacts of environmental degradation on wild vertebrates in the Qinghai Lake drainage,China

The planet is experiencing a global climate changing,global warming affects distribution,penology and breeding of wildlife.Metrological records indicate that the Qinghai Lake drainage area is also experiencing such a climate change.Land-cover in the region is also changed.From 2003 to 2005,we investigated wild vertebrate fauna in the Qinghai Lake region under the environment change.With reference to literature,using remote sensing images,GIS methods and field surveys,we found that climate and environment changes in the Qinghai Lake region are profound.Annual average temperature in the Qinghai Lake region increased,especially those in autumn and winter.Compare with that of the 1980s,the average temperature in this region increased 1.26℃,whereas precipitation in the Qinghai Lake region decreased and aridity increased slowly at the end of the 20~(th) century.Water table level in the Qinghai Lake descended 3.7m and the area of Qinghai Lake decreased 313.3 km~2 since 1959.Since 1976,the desert area around the lake has increased from 356.4 km~2 to 735.9 km~2,while the swamp area has decreased from 25.08km~2 to 4.73 km~2.From 1949,human population has increased about ten times in Qinghai Lake region.A transportation system of road,provincial high,national highway and railway has been established.A large area of grassland was fenced.In a word,living environment for wild vertebrates in Qinghai Lake deteriorated under the influence of global change.Suitable habitats for frogs,toads and waterfowls decreased and the swamps disappeared.Deserts on the lakeshore expanded as the water table level in the lake decreased;the habitat area of hamphead lizard increased.We recorded 46 birds and 10 mammals in wetlands,3 birds and 19 mammals in deserts,63 birds and 36 mammals in alpine meadow habitat,16 birds and 6 mammals in the human settlements.Different habitats are inhabited by different rodents.Alpine meadow ecosystem has the most abundant rodent species whereas the desert ecosystem has the least.Some birds and mammals such as the Tibetan antelope,Tibetan wild ass and wild yak have disappeared from the Qinghai Lake region while the density of Przewalski's gazelle,Tibetan gazelle,musk deer and red deer decreased remarkably.
Food habits of the Whiskered Auklets at Buldir Island, Alaska

We studied the food habits of Whiskered Auklets (Aethia pygmaea) at Buldir Island, western Aleutian Islands, Alaska, during the summer of 1976. At Buldir, these birds fed primarily in and near convergent tidal fronts in the passes between three islets just offshore; feeding occurred throughout the day. Whiskered Auklets ate at least 10 different species of zooplanktonic prey, of which the copepod Neocalanus plumchrus was the most important. Next in importance were chaetognaths (probably Sagitta elegans), the amphipod Parathemisto pacifica, megalopae of the crab Erimacrus isenbeckii, and an unidentified amphipod. Pteropods (probably Limacina helicina), larval cephalopods, and a larval fish occurred in trace amounts. During most of the summer, Whiskered Auklets were nearly monophagous on N. plumchrus; we do not consider a difference in prey during late incubation/early chick rearing to represent a biologically-significant trend. We collected Least (A. pusilla), Crested (A. cristatella), and Parakeet (Cyclorrhynchus psittacula) auklets during late chick rearing, to compare their food habits with those of Whiskered Auklets. At this time, both Least and Whiskered auklets were monophagous on smaller N. plumchrus, whereas Crested and Parakeet auklets mainly ate larger N. cristatus and P. pacifica; Parakeet Auklets ate the widest diversity of zooplankton. Selection of prey by the four auklet species appeared to occur in relation to size, with the smaller auklets eating smaller zooplankters.
On the theory of linear noisy systems

• A submitted manuscript is the author's version of the article upon submission and before peer-review. There can be important differences between the submitted version and the official published version of record. People interested in the research are advised to contact the author for the final version of the publication, or visit the DOI to the publisher's website. • The final author version and the galley proof are versions of the publication after peer review. • The final published version features the final layout of the paper including the volume, issue and page numbers.
Prokaryotic Expression and In Vitro Antitumor Activity of TNF-related Apoptosis Inducing Ligand_(114～281)-IL-24 Fusion Protein

Objective To express TNF-related apoptosis inducing ligand(TRAIL)114~281-interleukin(IL)-24 fusion protein in prokaryotic cells and study its antitumor activity in vitro.Methods TRAIL114 ~ 281 gene was amplified by PCR using the total RNA of human PBMCs as a template and linked to IL-24 gene by T4 DNA ligase,and the fusion gene was cloned into vector pET-28a.The constructed recombinant plasmid pET-28a /TRAIL114~ 281-IL-24 was transformed to E.coli BL21(DE3)for expression under induction of IPTG.The expressed protein TI was purified by chromatography,identified by Western blot,then determined for the effect on proliferation of tumor cells by MTT method and for that on caspase 3 activities of various tumor cells by detection kit for caspase 3 activity.Results Both restriction analysis and sequencing proved that recombinant plasmid pET-28a /TRAIL114~281-IL-24 was constructed correctly.The expressed TI fusion protein,in a form of inclusion body,contained about 30% of total somatic protein.The purified recombinant protein reached a purity of 95%,and showed specific reaction with mouse anti-human IL-24 antibody.The re-naturalized fusion protein inhibited the proliferations and increased the caspase 3 activities of HeLa cells and human breast cancer MCF-7 cells significantly.Conclusion TRAIL114 ~ 281-IL-24 fusion protein,with activity in inducing the apoptosis of some tumor cells,was expressed in E.coli.
Priorities for management of chytridiomycosis in Australia: saving frogs from extinction

Abstract. To protect Australian amphibian biodiversity, we have identified and prioritised frog species at an imminent risk of extinction from chytridiomycosis, and devised national management and research priorities for disease mitigation. Six Australian frogs have not been observed in the wild since the initial emergence of chytridiomycosis and may be extinct. Seven extant frog species were assessed as needing urgent conservation interventions because of (1) their small populations and/or ongoing declines throughout their ranges (southern corroboree frog (Pseudophryne corroboree, New South Wales), northern corroboree frog (Pseudophryne pengilleyi, Australian Capital Territory, New South Wales), Baw Baw frog (Philoria frosti, Victoria), Litoria spenceri (spotted tree frog, Victoria, New South Wales), Kroombit tinkerfrog (Taudactylus pleione, Queensland), armoured mist frog (Litoria lorica, Queensland)) or (2) predicted severe decline associated with the spread of chytridiomycosis in the case of Tasmanian tree frog (Litoria burrowsae, Tasmania). For these species, the risk of extinction is high, but can be mitigated. They require increased survey effort to define their distributional limits and to monitor and detect further population changes, as well as well-resourced management strategies that include captive assurance populations. A further 22 frog species were considered at a moderate to lower risk of extinction from chytridiomycosis. Management actions that identify and create or maintain habitat refugia from chytridiomycosis and target other threatening processes such as habitat loss and degradation may be effective in promoting their recovery. Our assessments for some of these species remain uncertain and further taxonomical clarification is needed to determine their conservation importance. Management actions are currently being developed and trialled to mitigate the threat posed by chytridiomycosis. However, proven solutions to facilitate population recovery in the wild are lacking; hence, we prioritise research topics to achieve this aim. Importantly, the effectiveness of novel management solutions will likely differ among species due to variation in disease ecology, highlighting the need for species-specific research. We call for an independent management and research fund of AU$15 million over 5 years to be allocated to recovery actions as determined by a National Chytridiomycosis Working Group of amphibian managers and scientists. Procrastination on this issue will likely result in additional extinction of Australia’s amphibians in the near future.
Behavior of Adult Peachtree Borer (Lepidoptera: Sesiidae)

Peachtree borer moth behavior was observed and documented with motion and still color photography. Behavioral acts most frequently observed were: (1) eclosion, (2) wing inflation, (3) evacuation, (4) female calling, (5) mating, and (6) oviposition. In light winds (0–8 km/h) males flew in an elongated sinusoid pattern directly to calling females before attempting copulation. In stronger winds (9–16 km/h) males did not fly directly to calling females, but approached the peach tree close to the female's location in a zig-zag pattern with many downwind retreats. Under these latter conditions, males appeared to locate females by visual search at a distance of 5 to 10 cm.
An efficient timing device to record activity patterns of small mammals in the field

Abstract We propose a simple, accurate, and inexpensive timing device to record the activity patterns of small mammals in the field using live traps. The present timing device can be used in cage-type live traps. It is built from commercially available components and does not require special skills to construct. The device is set outside the trap and does not need to be permanently affixed or require drill perforations, as others devices do. This device is easily incorporated into long-term monitoring studies to provide temporal information about small mammal populations without affecting their behavior.
Can memoir contribute to a more collaborative approach to treating eating disorders that respects and includes the family

Eating disorders are on the rise among adolescents in North America along with an increase in mortality rates due to complications associated with the disorder. Eating disorders also have a profound effect on families. Feelings of anxiety and depression, stress, and burnout are commonly associated with caring for an adolescent with an eating disorder. In addition to this, many families feel isolated and blamed by healthcare professionals and receive little support, collaboration, or education about the disorder. Simultaneously, health-care professionals also struggle with feelings of frustration, stress, burnout, and judgmental attitudes towards families due to the lack of knowledge and understanding of eating disorders. There are gaps in the knowledge of health-care professionals, both in terms of understanding the disorder, and supporting patients and families of adolescents with eating disorders. This dissertation endeavoured to fill this gap. My main research question was “what contributions arise from writing a memoir about the impact on a family of a female adolescent with an eating disorder and the family’s encounters with health-care professionals? ” My sub-questions were: a) “what is the outcome of sharing that memoir with health-care professionals? ” and b) “how can this memoir contribute to a collaborative approach to treating eating disorders that respects and includes the family? ” A qualitative study encompassing a two part design was used. Part one comprised the creation of a memoir of my journey through my daughter’s experience of an eating disorder from my perspectives as a mother, my interactions with health-care professionals, and my role as a health-care professional caring for adolescents with
Venetoclax in association with decitabine as effective bridge to transplant in a case of relapsed early T‐cell lymphoblastic leukemia

A case of an early‐relapsed high‐risk T‐ALL with high BCL‐2 expression on leukemic blasts was successfully treated with decitabine and venetoclax, achieving a CR. We suggest decitabine and venetoclax should be synergistic in BCL2‐positive ALL.
Progress in Tree Fruit Improvement Through Molecular Genetics

can be significant, and, coupled with the need for multiple-year evaluation in different growing areas, make evaluation of transgenic tree fruits expensive and time-consuming. The requirements for evaluating the performance of new transgenic cultivars of tree fruits are the same as those required for conventional cultivar development; thus, the incorporation of molecular genetics within existing breeding programs is perhaps the most efficient approach to the development of improved transgenic tree fruit cultivars. Difficulties notwithstanding, there are several inherent advantages in the use of gene transfer for tree fruit improvement. Once a useful transformant is isolated, assuming stability of transgene expression (and this assumption has yet to be adequately tested for tree fruits), vegetative propagation—the normal route of multiplying tree fruits— provides for virtually unlimited production of the desired transgenic line. Fixation through the sexual cycle is not required. The dominance of a few major cultivars in many tree fruit crops such as pear, apple, sour cherry (Prunus cerasus L.), and citrus maximizes the impact that an improved transgenic cultivar can have. For example, over 90% of U.S. pear production can be accounted for by three cultivars, ‘Bartlett’, ‘Beurre Bosc’, and ‘Anjou’. An improvement in any of these three, particularly ‘Bartlett’, which accounts for ≈50% of the North American crop (O’Rourke, 1999), can have a significant impact on production. Currently, almost all of the sour cherry production in the United States is based on ‘Montmorency’. Over 50% of the world and U.S. apple crop is based on ‘Red Delicious’, ‘Golden Delicious’, ‘Granny Smith’, ‘Gala’, and ‘Fuji’ (O’Rourke, 1998). While this heavy reliance on a few major cultivars is not favorable in terms of genetic vulnerability, it is, in fact, the current situation, although breeding programs are releasing new cultivars that will broaden the genetic base. The current major cultivars, though, can potentially be improved in fruit quality and made less vulnerable to insects and diseases through transformation. Most work in transformation of perennial tree fruits is concentrated in apple, citrus, pear and Prunus. Research focuses on disease and insect resistance, manipulation of fruit ripening/softening, and alteration of tree architecture.
On the Detectability of Large-Scale Flows by Asteroseismology

Large-scale convective motions are an integral part of stellar interior dynamics and might play a relevant role in stellar dynamo processes. However, they are difficult to detect or characterize. Stellar oscillations are affected by convective flows due to advection. For the Sun, forward calculations of the advective effect of flows on oscillation modes have already been conducted, but the effect has not yet been examined for other types of stars. Suitable candidates are subgiant or red giant stars, since they possess extensive outer convection zones, which likely feature large-scale flow cells with strong flow velocities. We investigate the effects of large-scale flows on oscillation modes of subgiant stars by means of forward calculations based on an exemplary subgiant stellar model. We focus in particular on non-axisymmetric cell formations, also referred to as giant cells. The effects are described in the non-rotating and the rotating case. By solving the forward problem, we evaluate, if large-scale flow cells lead to signatures in asteroseismic data that are suitable for the detection of such flows. The influence of flows is calculated by employing perturbation theory as proposed by Lavely and Ritzwoller (1992), where the flow is treated as a perturbation of a 1D equilibrium stellar model. The presence of a flow leads to a coupling of the modes, which results in frequency shifts and a mixing of the mode eigenfunctions. For a non-rotating star, non-axisymmetric flows lead to degeneracies between coupling modes, which cause an asymmetry in the frequency shifts of modes of opposite azimuthal order. If rotation is included, the degeneracy is lifted in first order, but residual degenerate coupling and third order effects can still lead to asymmetries, depending on whether the modes are of p- or of g-type. For rotating stars, the mode mixing induced by non-axisymmetric flows causes the observational signal of a perturbed mode to be multiperiodic, which becomes visible in the power spectrum. An expression for the amplitudes of the signal's different components is derived.