Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Bilateral Todd's Paralysis After Focal Seizures

Summary: Transient postictal hemiparesis or monoparesis is not uncommon after partial (focal) seizures. We report 2 patients who complained of severe bilateral limb weakness after generalized tonic‐clonic seizures (GTCS) beginning focally. Bilateral Todd's paralysis was verified and documented in both patients. EEG and clinical evidence indicate the supplementary motor cortex as the most likely source of the seizures in both cases.
Modélisation du transport de particules dans un écoulement de Stokes à effet cliquet

Le travail presente dans cette these consiste a modeliser les transports de particules dans un ecoulement de Stokes en tenant compte des caracteristiques des particules, du regime d’ecoulement de fluide qui les transporte et de l’effet de confinement qui pourrait etre lie par exemple a la prise en compte d’une structure d’un milieu poreux. Le phenomene de transport que nous etudions est base sur le mecanisme d’effet cliquet qui apparait quand on soumet le systeme a un pompage alternatif dans le temps. L’etude de la dynamique de la particule est effectuee en utilisant la methode de continuation qui permet de suivre la solution periodique selon le parametre desire et d’identifier les types de bifurcation ainsi que les lieux de ces points critiques. Cette etude necessite la connaissance de la force de trainee exercee sur la particule et que nous calculons en utilisant la methode des equations integrales de frontieres.
Test of arbitrage pricing theory on the Tehran stock exchange: the case of a shariah-compliant close economy

This paper provides weak evidence in support for the application of Arbitrage Pricing Theory (APT) on the Iranian stock market in the Sharia (Sharia (Arabic ﺔﻌﻳﺮѧѧѧѧѧѧﺷ Sarī�a; (ʃariːʕa), "way" or "path") is the sacred law of Islam faith. ) based close economy. Tests conducted using the principal component analysis and canonical correlation model showed that at least one to three factors that can explain the cross-section of expected returns in this market. Financial and economical sanctions possibly explain the negative stock market returns which reflect the reaction of investors to the announcement of sanctions. Overall, the results suggest that there are four groups of macroeconomic variables in the test period that affect stock returns for the test period, 1991 to 2008, but the significance of these factors is not consistent over time. In general the findings document a weak applicability of APT in this market.
Regulation of Multidrug Resistance-associated Protein 2 (ABCC2) by the Nuclear Receptors Pregnane X Receptor, Farnesoid X-activated Receptor, and Constitutive Androstane Receptor*

The multidrug resistance-associated protein 2 (MRP2, ABCC2), mediates the efflux of several conjugated compounds across the apical membrane of the hepatocyte into the bile canaliculi. We identified MRP2 in a screen designed to isolate genes that are regulated by the farnesoid X-activated receptor (FXR, NR1H4). MRP2 mRNA levels were induced following treatment of human or rat hepatocytes with either naturally occurring (chenodeoxycholic acid) or synthetic (GW4064) FXR ligands. In addition, we have shown that MRP2 expression is regulated by the pregnane X receptor (PXR, NR1I2) and constitutive androstane receptor (CAR, NR1I3). Thus, treatment of rodent hepatocytes with PXR or CAR agonists results in a robust induction of MRP2 mRNA levels. The dexamethasone- and pregnenolone 16α-carbonitrile-dependent induction of MRP2expression was not evident in hepatocytes derived from PXR null mice. In contrast, induction of MRP2 by phenobarbital, an activator of CAR, was comparable in wild-type and PXR null mice. An unusual 26-bp sequence was identified 440 bp upstream of theMRP2 transcription initiation site that contains an everted repeat of the AGTTCA hexad separated by 8 nucleotides (ER-8). PXR, CAR, and FXR bound with high affinity to this element as heterodimers with the retinoid X receptor α (RXRα, NR2B1). Luciferase reporter gene constructs containing 1 kb of the rat MRP2 promoter were prepared and transiently transfected into HepG2 cells. Luciferase activity was induced in a PXR-, CAR-, or FXR-dependent manner. Furthermore, the isolated ER-8 element was capable of conferring PXR, CAR, and FXR responsiveness on a heterologous thymidine kinase promoter. Mutation of the ER-8 element abolished the nuclear receptor response. These studies demonstrate that MRP2 is regulated by three distinct nuclear receptor signaling pathways that converge on a common response element in the 5′-flanking region of this gene.
Synthesis, Biological Evaluation, and Molecular Docking of 8‐imino‐2‐oxo‐2H,8H‐pyrano[2,3‐f]chromene Analogs: New Dual AChE Inhibitors as Potential Drugs for the Treatment of Alzheimer's Disease

Alzheimer's disease onset and progression are associated with the dysregulation of multiple and complex physiological processes, and a successful therapeutic approach should therefore address more than one target. In line with this modern paradigm, a series of 8‐imino‐2‐oxo‐2H,8H‐pyrano[2,3‐f]chromene analogs (4a–q) were synthesized and evaluated for their multitarget‐directed activity on acetylcholinesterase, butyrylcholinesterase (BuChE), 2,2’‐azino‐bis(3‐ethylbenzthiazoline‐6‐sulfonic acid) (ABTS) radical, and amyloid‐β peptide (Aβ) specific targets for Alzheimer's disease therapy. Most of the synthesized compounds showed remarkable acetylcholinesterase inhibitory activities in low nm concentrations and good ABTS radical scavenging activity, however, no evidence of BuChE inhibitory activity. Among them, 3‐bromobenzylamide derivative 4m exhibited the best acetylcholinesterase inhibitory activity with IC50 value of 13 ± 1.4 nm which is 51‐fold superior to galantamine, a reference drug. Kinetic and molecular docking studies indicated 4m as mixed‐type inhibitor, binding simultaneously to catalytic active and peripheral anionic sites of acetylcholinesterase. Five compounds 4e, 4f, 4g, 4j, and 4k have shown 1.4‐ to 2.5‐fold of higher antioxidant activities than trolox. Interestingly, the most active compound 4m demonstrated dosage‐dependent acceleration of Aβ1−42 aggregation, which may reduce toxicity of oligomers. Overall, these results lead to discovery of fused tricyclic coumarins as promising dual binding site inhibitors of acetylcholinesterase and afford multifunctional compounds with potential impact for further pharmacological development in Alzheimer's therapy.
Broadening the scope of open innovation: past research, current state and future directions

In this first paper of the special issue, we identify some trends in open innovation research by analysing how the literature on this topics has evolved since the introduction of the concept in 2003. Research on open innovation has been mushrooming ever since and the scope has been broadened in different directions. Researchers also started to analyse open innovation at different level of analysis from the individual actors in organisations to ecosystems and national innovation systems. Despite the vast growth in research on open innovation, we identified several directions for further research: open innovation research should be linked to other management areas such as marketing, HRM, change management, etc. In addition, our understanding of open innovation could be improved if the recently developed insights could be related to the existing management theories.
Clines and adaptive evolution in the methuselah gene region in Drosophila melanogaster

In an effort to characterize further the patterns of selection and adaptive evolution at the methuselah locus in Drosophila species, we extended an analysis of geographical variation to include single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in adjacent genes on either side of the mth locus, and examined the molecular variation in a neighbouring methuselah paralogue (mth2). An analysis of 13 SNPs spanning a region of nearly 19 kilobases surrounding the mth locus demonstrated that a clinal pattern associated with the most common mth haplotype does not extend to adjacent gene loci, providing compelling evidence that the clinal pattern results from selection on as yet unidentified sites associated with the functional mth locus. mth2 exhibited a significant pattern of adaptive divergence among D. melanogaster, D. simulans and D. yakuba similar to that seen at mth. However, Ka : Ks ratios indicate a difference in levels of functional constraint at the two methuselah, loci with mth2 exhibiting a five‐ to six‐fold reduction in levels of amino acid divergence relative to mth.
Conception de matériel salutaire pour lutter contre la contrefaçon et le vol de circuits intégrés

Le vol et la contrefacon touchent toutes les spheres industrielles de nos societes. En particulier, les produits electroniques representent la deuxieme categorie de produits la plus concernee par ces problemes. Parmi les produits electroniques les plus touches, on retrouve les telephones mobiles, les tablettes, les ordinateurs mais aussi des elements bien plus basiques comme des circuits analogiques ou numeriques et les circuits integres. Ces derniers sont au coeur de la plupart des produits electroniques et un telephone mobile peut etre considere comme contrefait s’il possede ne serait-ce qu’un seul circuit integre contrefait. Le marche de la contrefacon de circuits integres represente entre 7 et 10% du marche total des semi-conducteurs, ce qui implique une perte d’au moins 24 milliards d’euros en 2015 pour les entreprises concevant des circuits integres. Ces pertes pourraient s’elever jusqu’a 36 milliards d’euros en 2016. Il est donc indispensable de trouver des solutions pratiques et efficaces pour lutter contre la contrefacon et le vol de circuits integres. Le projet SALWARE, finance par l’Agence Nationale de la Recherche et par la Fondation de Recherche pour l’Aeronautique et l’Espace, a pour but de lutter contre le probleme de la contrefacon et du vol de circuits integres et propose l’etude et la conception de materiels salutaires (ou salwares). En particulier, l’un des objectifs de ce projet est de combiner astucieusement plusieurs mecanismes de protection participant a la lutte contre la contrefacon et le vol de circuits integres, pour construire un systeme d’activation complet. L’activation des circuits integres apres leur fabrication permet de redonner leur controle au veritable proprietaire de la propriete intellectuelle. Dans ce manuscrit de these, nous proposons l’etude de trois mecanismes de protection participant a la lutte contre la contrefacon et le vol de circuits integres. Dans un premier temps, nous etudierons l’insertion et la detection de watermarks dans les machines a etats finies des systemes numeriques synchrones. Ce mecanisme de protection permet de detecter un vol ou une contrefacon. Ensuite, une fonction physique non-clonable basee sur des oscillateurs en anneaux dont les oscillations sont temporaires est implantee et caracterisee sur FPGA. Ce mecanisme de protection permet d’identifier un circuit grâce a un identifiant unique cree grâce aux variations du processus de fabrication des circuits integres. Enfin, nous aborderons l’implantation materielle d’algorithmes legers de chiffrement par bloc, qui permettent d’etablir une communication securisee au moment de l’activation d’un circuit integre
Path delay fault diagnosis and coverage-a metric and an estimationtechnique

Published research on path delay fault (PDF) testing has largely focused on the PDF classification and test-vector generation problems. Little attention has been paid to the diagnosis of delay faults and in defining realistic metrics for delay-fault coverage, We present a statistical diagnosis framework to detect which parts of the circuit are likely to have caused a chip failure for a set of delay-fault tests. Under a model where distributed fabrication-process perturbations contribute to the occurrence of delay faults, we also find the associated likely fabrication-process parameter deviations from their nominal values as part of the diagnosis framework. We present results of experiments performed on some International Symposium on Circuits and Systems 1989 (ISCAS'89) benchmark circuits and also relate the slack of a path segment to its probability of contributing to the circuit failure. We also quantify the diagnosability of a PDF for a test and develop a methodology based on our statistical diagnosis framework to determine the diagnosability of each PDF detected by a given test set. We apply this approach to find the diagnosability of robust PDFs for the ISCAS'89 benchmark circuits. Furthermore, we propose a new and realistic definition of delay-fault coverage based on the percentage of fabricated faulty chips that can be detected as faulty by a given test set. This metric takes into account the probability distribution of delay-fault sizes caused by the chip manufacturing process as opposed to previously defined metrics that have been based primarily on the percentage of faults tested. We present a computationally viable scheme for using this metric to estimate the coverage of any given test set for a class of PDFs caused by distributed fabrication-process variations. We use the results for the ISCAS'89 benchmark circuits to demonstrate wide discrepancies between PDF coverage estimates for robust test sets obtained using our realistic definition and the ones obtained by using the traditional notion of coverage as the percentage of paths tested.
Chiastic Structure of the Vessantara Jātaka: Textual Criticism and Interpretation Through Inverted Parallelism

The Vessantara Jātaka is not only the most popular of all the Buddhist Jātaka tales, but is important in the tradition as a whole, generally considered by the Theravādin tradition to display the epitome of the Bodhisatta’s perfection of giving (dānapāramī). While most studies have focused on philological approaches, numerous questions as to the text’s structure and how to interpret individual parts within that structure have remained unresolved (§1. The received tradition of the Vessantara Jātaka). My study shall employ the theory of ‘chiasmus’ (inverted parallelism) to shed new light on both the key message of the story and also the sub-themes within it (§2. Chiastic structures as textual approach). In terms of textual criticism, I shall first elucidate the chiastic structure of the text and discuss how this structure can provide insights on text-critical readings (§3. Textual criticism: Chiastic units and structure). In terms of interpretation, I shall then see how the structure clearly demarcates the text’s scope through its prologue and conclusion with surrounding framework, its paired parallel sub-themes, and its central climax point, all in the light of its chiastic structure (§4. Interpretation: A chiastic reading). Finally, considering broader implications, on comparison with other recently discovered Buddhist textual chiasmi I shall present a tentative hypothesis as to the origins of such structures in the ‘bodhisatt(v)a’ literary genre (§5. Conclusions: Critical and interpretive implications).
Suicidal attempt of a schoolgirl to demonstrate against the school teacher and try to make her quit the school.

UNLABELLED A case of a 16-year-old schoolgirl who had admitted a demonstrative suicide attempt against her school teacher thus trying to make the teacher leave the school has been presented. During the observation period in the Emergency Department the nurse taking care of the patient overheard that during her talks with the friends, the girl had been continuously urging them to swallow the same set of tablets, call the ambulance and get admitted to the hospital. The anamnesis revealed that three schoolmates decided to get rid of one of the teacher from their school by accusing her of mental cruelty which had led them to suicidal attempts. It was done mainly because of the bad marks they had got from the teacher. The idea was undertaken by our patient due to many news transmitted in the newspapers and television during last months in which the teachers were blamed for a lot of incidents which had taken place in different schools in Poland. Despite the fact that in many of these events the teachers were both physically and mentally tormented by the pupils the opinions presented by mass-medias were always against them. Our patient said that in such circumstances it was supposed to be an easy way to solve all the problems with unlike teacher. CONCLUSIONS The physicians should pay more attention on suicidal attempts causes specially in adolescents. Adolescents possess poor knowledge of the lethal potential of drugs, specially over-the-counter medications. The media have to take more responsibility for transmitting news concerning youth which should be more honest and verified.
Knowledge Management Practice at a Bulgarian Bank: A Case Study

This paper reports on knowledge management KM practices in the customer service and lending departments of one of Bulgaria's top retail banks and investigates how KM processes can be further improved. The Bank's KM activities have been studied using observations, interviews and informal discussions for data collection. Findings were compared and contrasted with existing literature in similar contexts. Although rudiments of knowledge sharing are evident from the KM activities in different departments of the bank, the limitations such as resistance to change of the implemented KM systems are impeding the effectiveness of the knowledge management process. More training and incentives are needed to increase knowledge creation and sharing. Moreover, a clearly articulated KM strategy along with success criteria and commitment and support from senior management is needed. There is a severe lack of knowledge management studies in Bulgarian context in general and Bulgarian banking sector in particular. The authors' findings will potentially help in improving knowledge sharing practice as well as provide a valuable insight into knowledge management related issues in the Bulgarian context. The findings from this research can be useful to companies from Eastern Europe and other regions in improving their knowledge sharing practice.
Compact Silicon Slot Waveguide Intersection Based on Mode Transformation and Multimode Interference

Silicon slot waveguide intersections are necessary for photonic-integrated circuits based on silicon slot waveguides. We theoretically investigate a compact silicon slot waveguide intersection, which consists of mode transformers and a multimode strip waveguide crossing. The mode transformer before the crossing converts the slot waveguide mode into strip waveguide modes with amplitudes and phases appropriate for efficient operation of the crossing, which is based on multimode interference. The reverse conversion happens in the mode transformer after the crossing. The investigated intersection has a throughput of −0.078 dB, a crosstalk of −41 dB, and a footprint of 79.2 μm2. Its properties are better than those of previous silicon slot waveguide intersections, and especially its footprint is less than 33% of the previous ones. The intersection may be used for matrix switches based on silicon slot waveguides.
Characterization of the interaction of the pneumococcal surface protein SpsA with the human polymeric immunoglobulin receptor (hpIgR).

BACKGROUND & OBJECTIVES The polymeric immunoglobulin receptor (pIgR) is produced by mucosal epithelial cells and plays a crucial role in mucosal immunity. At the basolateral surface of mucosal cells, the pIgR binds predominantly polymeric immunoglobulins, such as dimeric IgA and polymeric IgA (pIgA) and mediates their transport across the polarized cells. This results in apical release of secretory component (SC), either free or bound covalently to IgA, forming secretory IgA (SIgA). The choline-binding protein (Cbp) SpsA, also called PspC and CbpA, has been shown to interact with the pIgR. A hexapeptide motif in SpsA was identified as the minimal binding motif required for binding specifically to pIgR and SC. The present study was carried out to show that the hexapeptide motif in SpsA is crucial for the interaction of pneumococci and pIgR-expressing cells. METHODS Streptococcus pneumoniae were cultured to mid-log phase. Calu-3 cells and MDCK epithelial cells, stably transfected with the hpIgR cDNA in pCB6 were used in in vitro infection experiments. Pneumococcal adherence to and invasion of epithelial cells were assayed. RESULTS By the use of the N-terminal domain of SpsA and SpsA(201), which exhibits a single amino acid substitution in the pIgR-binding motif, in vitro assays indicated the association of the identified hexapeptide motif, located between amino acid 198 and 203 in SpsA, with pneumococcal adherence to and invasion of hpIgR-expressing cells. INTERPRETATION & CONCLUSION The present findings demonstrated not only the crucial role of the hexapeptide of SpsA, not only for the SpsA-pIgR interaction, but also for adherence and invasion of hpIgR-expressing cells.
A switching gain scheduled approach for wafer transfer robots and its experimental evaluations

This paper considers the control of wafer transfer robots. The robots are used for transferring silicon wafers in semiconductors manufacturing. In order to advance the productivity of semiconductors, the control systems for wafer transfer robots are required to achieve high-speed transfer and highly accurate positioning. However, it is difficult to design the controllers which achieve such performance because the robots have nonlinear properties and physical constraints. In this paper, we present a simple gain scheduled control design method for robots. The gain scheduling is known as an effective control technique for nonlinear systems. Furthermore, in order to obtain good performance, we apply switching control technique. We evaluate the effectiveness through simulations and experiments
MEPT (Maximum Efficiency Point Tracking) pour une chaîne de traction d'un véhicule électrique

Les pertes jouent un role primordial dans le cas des machines electriques associees a un onduleur de tension, dans le cas ou elles sont utilisees dans une chaine de traction de vehicule electrique ou hybride. En effet, il n'est pas rare de demander un couple transitoire valant plus de six fois le couple nominal, qui est parfois le couple thermique, et d'avoir des vitesses de rotation, elles aussi, six fois plus elevees que la vitesse nominale, ce qui entraine des fonctionnements generant beaucoup de pertes. Dans le cas du fonctionnement du vehicule electrique, il n'est plus possible de parler de rendement [1]. Si la machine electrique est une machine synchrone a aimants permanents, il n'y a pas de possibilite de reglages minimisant les pertes pour un point de fonctionnement donne, car le courant dans l'axe en quadrature regle le couple et le courant dans l'axe direct sert pour le defluxage electronique. Dans le cas ou la machine electrique est une machine synchrone a double excitation, le courant continu du circuit inducteur ajoute un degre de liberte. Ainsi l'ensemble des valeurs des courants permettant d'obtenir le point de fonctionnement n'est plus un point unique. Toute la problematique, maintenant, est de trouver les trois valeurs des courants minimisant les pertes totales pour un couple et une vitesse donnes, en temps reel, en prenant en compte l'impact de l'environnement thermique, dans un systeme complet. Apres la presentation de la machine a double excitation utilisee (partie II), nous presenterons dans la partie III, une methode permettant de trouver le triplet des valeurs des courants minimisant les pertes intrinseques a la machine a couple et vitesse donnes. Et dans la partie IV, nous presentons la methode pour obtenir en permanence les valeurs des courants minimisant l'ensemble des pertes de la chaine de traction.