Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Socio-economic and demographic variations in school lunch participation of French children aged 3–17 years

Abstract Objective To assess school canteen attendance in a French nationally representative sample of children and to analyse its association with the socio-economic and demographic characteristics of the children and their families. Design Data from the second French national cross-sectional food consumption survey (INCA2), performed in 2006–2007, were used. Information on usual weekly school canteen attendance was collected through a self-reported questionnaire, and demographic and socio-economic variables through a face-to-face questionnaire. The associations between school canteen attendance and the socio-economic and demographic variables were investigated by multivariate logistic regression analyses. Setting The INCA2 sample was representative of the children aged 3–17 years in France. Subject Analysis was performed on 1413 schoolchildren who completed the school canteen attendance questions. Results Some 65·6 % of schoolchildren aged 3–17 years had school lunch at least once weekly. This rate of attendance was positively correlated with age. Whatever the school level, school canteen attendance was positively associated with the educational level of the caregiver/parent. In pre- and elementary-school children, enrolment at the school canteen was also higher when the caregiver/parent worked, or in single-parent families. In secondary-school children, school lunch participation decreased with children living in more densely populated areas and increased with the level of the household’s living standards. Conclusions School canteen attendance was positively associated with children’s socio-economic background. This could reduce the effectiveness of the forthcoming school meal composition regulations designed to improve the diet of children from deprived backgrounds, who are more likely to have unhealthy food habits.
Intestinal Calcium Absorption: Nature of Defect in Chronic Renal Disease

When compared to that of normal animals, calcium-binding protein activity of duodenal mucosa obtained from uremic rats was decreased. There was no change in this activity after vitamin D3, therapy. In contrast, prior treatment with 25-hydroxycholecalcijerol resulted in increased transport of calcium-45 and calcium-binding protein activity in the intestine.
Proposal of coexistence technology of safety, reliability and flexibility in safety related real-time system and practical use to railway signalling system

Recently amount of construction about railway signalling system is steadily increasing to improve the transport services for the customer. But, at present efficiency of signal construction is very low. For example it is caused by that the period for the construction is limited to very short time at midnight or flexibility of the signalling system is low from its system architecture. To solve this problem we are now grappling the innovation of the railway signalling system. In this paper, coexistence technology of safety, reliability and flexibility in safety related real-time system and safety evaluation in practical system is discussed.
Foxp1 in Forebrain Pyramidal Neurons Controls Gene Expression Required for Spatial Learning and Synaptic Plasticity

Genetic perturbations of the transcription factor Forkhead Box P1 (FOXP1) are causative for severe forms of autism spectrum disorder that are often comorbid with intellectual disability. Recent work has begun to reveal an important role for FoxP1 in brain development, but the brain-region-specific contributions of Foxp1 to autism and intellectual disability phenotypes have yet to be determined fully. Here, we describe Foxp1 conditional knock-out (Foxp1cKO) male and female mice with loss of Foxp1 in the pyramidal neurons of the neocortex and the CA1/CA2 subfields of the hippocampus. Foxp1cKO mice exhibit behavioral phenotypes that are of potential relevance to autism spectrum disorder, including hyperactivity, increased anxiety, communication impairments, and decreased sociability. In addition, Foxp1cKO mice have gross deficits in learning and memory tasks of relevance to intellectual disability. Using a genome-wide approach, we identified differentially expressed genes in the hippocampus of Foxp1cKO mice associated with synaptic function and development. Furthermore, using magnetic resonance imaging, we uncovered a significant reduction in the volumes of both the entire hippocampus as well as individual hippocampal subfields of Foxp1cKO mice. Finally, we observed reduced maintenance of LTP in area CA1 of the hippocampus in these mutant mice. Together, these data suggest that proper expression of Foxp1 in the pyramidal neurons of the forebrain is important for regulating gene expression pathways that contribute to specific behaviors reminiscent of those seen in autism and intellectual disability. In particular, Foxp1 regulation of gene expression appears to be crucial for normal hippocampal development, CA1 plasticity, and spatial learning. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT Loss-of-function mutations in the transcription factor Forkhead Box P1 (FOXP1) lead to autism spectrum disorder and intellectual disability. Understanding the potential brain-region-specific contributions of FOXP1 to disease-relevant phenotypes could be a critical first step in the management of patients with these mutations. Here, we report that Foxp1 conditional knock-out (Foxp1cKO) mice with loss of Foxp1 in the neocortex and hippocampus display autism and intellectual-disability-relevant behaviors. We also show that these phenotypes correlate with changes in both the genomic and physiological profiles of the hippocampus in Foxp1cKO mice. Our work demonstrates that brain-region-specific FOXP1 expression may relate to distinct, clinically relevant phenotypes.
Oxygen therapies.

Oxygen therapies are unproven alternatives promoted as a cure for cancer, acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS), and other degenerative diseases. These "therapies" are offered at clinics in Mexico, the United States, and Europe. Proponents claim that many diseases, including cancer, are caused by oxygen deficiency and that oxygenation can restore health by destroying cancer cells, eliminating pathogens, stimulating metabolism, and by producing "oxidative detoxification. " There is no scientific evidence to support any of these claims. Oxygen therapies include: (1) hydrogen peroxide therapy involving intravenous infusion, ingestion, colonic administration, or soaking in hydrogen peroxide solution; (2) ozone colonies and ozone autohemotherapy, in which blood is withdrawn and treated with ozone before reinfusion, and (3) "oxygenated" water, pills, and solutions. The use of oxygen therapies has resulted in serious adverse events and several deaths. Oxygen therapies should not be confused with those commonly used in respiratory care.
Skull Fracture During Infancy: A Five-Year Follow-Up

A group of 19 children, who had received a skull fracture during infancy, were assessed at least 5 years following injury. The majority of the group (89%) had received a mild traumatic brain injury (TBI), with the remaining two (11%) having a moderate injury. The neuropsychological, academic, and psychosocial functioning of the TBI group was compared to that of 20 orthopedic subjects. The two groups were matched on the variables of gender, age, and socio-economic status. The TBI group was impaired on tests of visual attention and memory for faces. The two groups did not differ significantly on measures of language, sensorimotor functions, or visuospatial functioning. There were no statistically significant differences between the two groups on academic performance, or parent and teacher reports of psychosocial functioning. It is concluded that while there is an absence of deficits in the vast majority of functions, skull fracture in infancy can result in enduring impairment in specific cognitive skills related to the processing of complex nonverbal stimuli. The authors wish to thank Drs. Kris Fernando and Anne Kolbe for their support of this study.
Estimating Energy Expenditure for Different Assistive Devices in the School Setting

Purpose: This case report describes a simple means of estimating energy costs for a child with cerebral palsy using different assistive devices within a school setting. Key Points: A 9-year-old boy, Gross Motor Function Classification Scale level III, was assessed over 8 ambulation trials using a posterior walker and using forearm crutches. Each trial was followed by a fine motor accuracy task. An energy expenditure index (EEI) was calculated for each device. For the posterior walker, EEI was 47% higher overall compared with forearm crutches. Fine motor accuracy and task completion time were similar for both devices. Conclusion: EEI was a straightforward method of estimating the energy costs of different assistive devices. Measurement procedures described in this case were time efficient in the field and provided a reasonable estimation of energy expenditure to help decide objectively which assistive device would best fit the needs of the student. Video Abstract: For more insights from the authors, see Supplemental Digital Content 1, available at http://links.lww. com/PPT/A63.
CreatineKinaselsoenzymesin Extractsof VariousHumanSkeletalMuscles

Reported proportionsofcreatine kinase (CK; EC 2.7.3.2) MB isoenzyme (CK-MB) in skeletal muscles range from 0 to 28% (1-6). Recent observations of increased activities of CKMB in marathon runners have renewed the interest in studying the proportions of CK isoenzymes in skeletal muscle (7-9). Because previous studieswere limited to a few locations and a few types of muscles, we have carried out a systemic study to provide an enzymatic map of the human skeletal muscles from various anatomical locations.
Budesonide, a locally acting steroid, prevents graft rejection in a rat model of intestinal transplantation.

BACKGROUND The requirement for potent systemic immunosuppression to prevent intestinal graft rejection has resulted in high rates of infection and post-transplant lymphoproliferative disease. Budesonide (BUD) is a locally acting steroid that is almost completely metabolized during its first pass through the intestinal wall and liver. The present study examined whether BUD could prevent small bowel allograft rejection without causing the adverse systemic effects associated with prednisolone. METHODS Orthotopic Brown Norway to Lewis rat small bowel allotransplants were randomly assigned to treatment with low-dose BUD (0.1 mg/kg/day, p.o.) and high-dose BUD (1.0 mg/kg/day, p.o.) with and without cyclosporine (CsA; 2 mg/kg/day s.c.). The following parameters were assessed: allograft survival, recipient plasma adrenocorticotrophic hormone (ACTH) levels, recipient adrenal, splenic and thymic weights, recipient CsA levels, and graft histopathology. RESULTS Low- and high-dose BUD alone did not prolong graft survival compared with the untreated group (9.1+/-0.4 days vs. 11+/-0.8 days vs. 9.7+/-0.4 days, respectively). However, when low-dose BUD and high-dose BUD were given in combination with CsA, the mean graft survival times were prolonged to 27.6+/-5.3 and 36.6+/-8.0 days, respectively (P<0.01). ACTH levels, adrenal weights, and thymic weights were not significantly different in the treatment and control groups receiving intestinal transplants. CONCLUSIONS BUD enhances the immunosuppressive effects of CsA and prolongs small bowel allograft survival in rats without inhibiting normal ACTH release. These data suggest that BUD may be a useful immunosuppressive agent for clinical intestinal transplantation.
Robust facial expression recognition algorithm based on local metric learning

Abstract. In facial expression recognition tasks, different facial expressions are often confused with each other. Motivated by the fact that a learned metric can significantly improve the accuracy of classification, a facial expression recognition algorithm based on local metric learning is proposed. First, k-nearest neighbors of the given testing sample are determined from the total training data. Second, chunklets are selected from the k-nearest neighbors. Finally, the optimal transformation matrix is computed by maximizing the total variance between different chunklets and minimizing the total variance of instances in the same chunklet. The proposed algorithm can find the suitable distance metric for every testing sample and improve the performance on facial expression recognition. Furthermore, the proposed algorithm can be used for vector-based and matrix-based facial expression recognition. Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed algorithm could achieve higher recognition rates and be more robust than baseline algorithms on the JAFFE, CK, and RaFD databases.
Simulated and real pneumatic plant intelligent controlling via a low budget interface board

Pneumatic positioning systems, as rapid force enforcement systems, have always been popular to engineers due to their advantages like, low cost and clear environmental conditions of operation. Apart from that, the still unsolved problem of highly position accuracy requires intelligent control design schemes to achieve performance improvements. In this research work, an attempt to control a pneumatic actuator in a real rig simultaneously with a simulation model, is proposed. A modern control method was chosen for the task, which was implemented in both processes, the simulated and the real one. The mathematical model of the system will be provided and the comparison results of operation are illustrated in the paper supporting the efficiency of the proposed controller. Additionally, an embedded electronics board was designed and constructed to fulfill successfully the interface needs. On the board, a microcontroller was mounted and all its necessary peripherals in order to host the control algorithm, communicate with the pneumatic plant and at the same time operate as a data acquisition system. All electronic components were picked up from next corner's electronics store thus minimizing the cost of the research but without questioning the reliability of the system.
Effect of Supramalleolar Varus and Valgus Deformities on the Tibiotalar Joint: A Cadaveric Study

Background: Distal tibia coronal plane malalignment predisposes the ankle joint to asymmetric load. The purpose of this cadaveric study was to quantify changes in pressure and force transfer in an ankle with a supramalleolar deformity. Materials and Methods: Seventeen cadaveric lower legs were loaded with 700 N after creating supramalleolar varus and valgus deformities. The fibula was left intact in 11 specimens and osteotomized in six. Tekscan© sensors were used to measure the tibiotalar pressure characteristics. Results: In isolated supramalleolar deformity, the center of force and peak pressure moved in an anteromedial direction for valgus and posterolateral direction for varus deformities. The change was in an anteromedial direction for varus and in a posterolateral direction for valgus deformities in specimens with an osteotomized fibula. Conclusion: Two essentially different groups of varus and valgus deformities of the ankle joint need to be distinguished. The first group is an isolated frontal plane deformity and the second group is a frontal plane deformity with associated incon-gruency of the ankle mortise. Clinical Relevance: Our findings underline the complexity of asymmetric osteoarthritis of the ankle joint. In addition, results from this study provide useful information for future basic research on coronal plane deformity of the hindfoot and for determining appropriate surgical approaches.
Robust Implementation of a Parsimonious Dynamic Factor Model to Nowcast GDP

Quarterly GDP figures usually are published with a delay of some weeks. A common way to generate GDP series of higher frequency, i.e. to nowcast GDP, is to use available indicators to calculate a single index by means of a common factor derived from a dynamic factor model (DFM). This paper deals with the implementation stage of this practice. We propose a two-tiered mechanism consisting in the identification of variables highly correlated with GDP as "core" indicators and a check of robustness of these variables in the sense of extreme bounds analysis. Accordingly selected indicators are used in an approximate DFM framework to exemplarily nowcast Spanish GDP growth. We show that our implementation produces more accurate nowcasts than both a benchmark stochastic process and the implementation based on the total set of core indicators.
Profilin interacts with the Gly-Pro-Pro-Pro-Pro-Pro sequences of vasodilator-stimulated phosphoprotein (VASP): implications for actin-based Listeria motility.

Intracellular actin-based motility of Listeria monocytogenes requires protein-protein interactions involving two different proline-rich sequences: first, the tightly bound bacterial surface protein ActA uses its multiple oligoproline registers [consensus sequence = FE(D)FPPPPTD(E)E(D)] to tether vasodilator-stimulated phosphoprotein (VASP) to the bacterial surface; and second, VASP then deploys its own multiple GPPPPP (or GP5) registers to localize the actin-regulatory protein profilin to promote actin polymerization. We now report that fluorescence titration showed that GP5GP5GP5 peptide binds to profilin (KD of 84 microM), and the peptide weakly inhibits exchange of actin-bound nucleotide in the absence or presence of profilin. Microinjection of synthetic GPPPPP triplet into Listeria-infected PtK2 cells promptly arrested motility at an intracellular concentration of 10 microM. This inhibition was completely neutralized when equimolar concentrations of profilin and GP5GP5GP5 were simultaneously microinjected. Fluorescence studies with [His-133-Ser]-profilin, a site-directed mutant previously shown to be defective in binding poly-l-proline [Bjorkegren, C. , Rozycki, M. , Schutt, C. E. , Lindberg, U. , & Karlsson, R. (1993) FEBS Lett. 333, 123-126], exhibits little or no evidence of saturable GP5GP5GP5 binding. When an equimolar concentration of this [His-133-Ser]-profilin mutant was co-injected with GP5GP5GP5, the peptide's inhibitory action remained completely unaffected, indicating that GP5GP5GP5 binding to wild-type profilin represents a key step in actin-based pathogen motility. We also present a model that shows how the focal binding of VASP with its GPPPPP registers can greatly increase the local concentration of profilin and/or profilin-actin-ATP complex at the bacteria/rocket-tail interface.
Psychosocial Factors Associated With Youth Involvement in Community Activities Promoting Heart Health

This study examined factors that influence youth participation in heart disease prevention activities asmong 2,609 ninth graders in six inner-city public high schools. Constructs derived from social cognitive, empowerment, and community development theories informed the conceptual framework employed. Study participants were diverse with respect to gender, ethnicity, parent education, acculturation, and academic achievement. Perceived incentive value, self-efficacy, outcome expectancies, sense of community, and perceived policy control were all significantly associated with participation in community activities promoting heart health. In multivariate analyses, perceived incentive value, defined as the extent to which participants valued a heart-healthy environment, was most strongly associated with community participation, accounting for 11.9% of the total variance. These findings have implications for designing school curricula and after-school and community programs targeting adolescents' involvement in health advocacy activities.
Carcinomas with Micropapillary Morphology: Clinical Significance and Current Concepts

Invasive micropapillary carcinoma has been recently recognized as a rare but distinctive variant of carcinoma in various anatomic sites, including breast, urinary bladder, lung, and major salivary glands. Morphologically, it is characterized by small tight clusters of neoplastic cells floating in clear spaces resembling lymphatic channels. Most often this growth pattern is mixed with a variable component of conventional carcinoma or other variants. In addition to a unique morphology, tumors with invasive micropapillary growth share a high propensity for lymphovascular invasion and lymph node metastases. Patients have typically high-stage disease at presentation and a poor clinical outcome compared with that of patients with conventional carcinoma arising in the same organ site. In this article the author reviews the available literature on tumors displaying a micropapillary component.
An Evaluation of the Bioavailability and Aquatic Toxicity Attributed to Ambient Copper Concentrations in Surface Waters from Several Parts of the World

ABSTRACT Ambient concentrations of metals in surface waters have become an important consideration when establishing water quality criteria and conducting risk assessments. This study sought to estimate amounts of copper that may be released into fresh and estuarine waters considering ambient concentrations, toxicity thresholds, and bioavailability. Cumulative distribution functions of ambient copper concentrations were compared statistically for individual sites within 14 surface waters of North America and Europe to identify differences among mean distribution variables (e.g., slopes, intercepts, and inflection points). Results illustrated that the majority of distributions among sites differed significantly. These differences illustrate the variability in ambient copper concentrations in surface waters due to geographic location, regional geology, and anthropogenic influence. Additionally, surface water quality data were used for streams and lakes in Chile, Europe, and North America (including 1 saltwater estuary) to estimate bioavailable copper concentrations in ambient surface waters (based on predictions using biotic ligand models). The amount of dissolved metal that could be added to surface waters without exceeding toxicity thresholds was calculated by subtracting ambient surface water concentrations from chronic (reproduction) no-observable-effect concentrations (NOEC) for Daphnia magna using the freshwater data and 48-h median-effect (normal shell development) concentrations (EC50) for Mytilus edulis using that for saltwater. Because ambient dissolved copper concentrations were, on average, only a small fraction (18%) of predicted effects threshold, an average of 14 ± 17 μg/L (±SD) of copper could be added before exceeding the D. magna chronic NOEC or the M. edulis EC50. However, several sites were identified as having ambient copper concentrations in excess of these toxicity thresholds. The risks posed by copper to sensitive indicator species in surface waters can now be readily computed to facilitate site-specific consideration of point and nonpoint sources of metal.
Biomarkers and Targeted Therapy in Pancreatic Cancer

Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) constitutes 90% of pancreatic cancers. PDAC is a complex and devastating disease with only 1%–3% survival rate in five years after the second stage. Treatment of PDAC is complicated due to the tumor microenvironment, changing cell behaviors to the mesenchymal type, altered drug delivery, and drug resistance. Considering that pancreatic cancer shows early invasion and metastasis, critical research is needed to explore different aspects of the disease, such as elaboration of biomarkers, specific signaling pathways, and gene aberration. In this review, we highlight the biomarkers, the fundamental signaling pathways, and their importance in targeted drug delivery for pancreatic cancers.