Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Foundational Studies 1-1-2013 Metamemory

Metamemory refers to people's beliefs about their memory and to how people monitor and control their learning and retrieval. In this chapter, we describe monitoring and control processes involved in learning and retrieval, how these processes have been measured, and key outcomes relevant to human metamemory. Based on these outcomes, general conclusions include the following: (a) people's judgments of their memory are based on a variety of cues; hence (b) judgment accuracy arises from the diagnosticity of the cues, so that above-chance accuracy of any metamemory judgment only arises when the available cues are predictive (or diagnostic) of criterion performance; and finally, (c) people use their memory judgments to guide their study and retrieval. Thus, people's memory monitoring plays a pivotal role in the effectiveness of their self-regulated learning and retrieval, so a major aim of metamemory research is to discover techniques that yield high levels of judgment accuracy and optimal regulation.
Effect of Perceived Leadership and Organizational Commitment on Turnover Intention of Semi-Skilled Workers in Small Scale Industries

Small scale industries are an important part of Indian economy. Most of the workers are semi-skilled and are prone to leave their organisations. The present study investigated the effect of perceived leadership and organisational commitment on turnover intention of 51 workers of small scale industries. Among leadership and organisational commitment, transformational leadership had the strongest negative correlation with turnover intention followed by normative commitment which had the second strongest negative correlation with turnover intention. Normative commitment correlated positively with transformational leadership. The study partially supports the model that leadership affects organisational commitment which then in an additive fashion along with transformational leadership behaviours affects turnover intention.
Cardiovascular Risk in Tunisian Diabetic Patients

Background: Diabetes and cardiovascular mortality in diabetic patients present a major public health problem worldwide. Methods: Framingham Risk Score and European Risk Score to evaluate the cardiovascular status of 100 Tunisian diabetic patients. Results: On the one hand, there was not a difference between the two types of diabetes. On the other hand, there is a difference between the two used scores. Conclusion: Using the score for assessment of cardiovascular risk in diabetic patients must be interpreted by many factors.
Time-dependent density-functional theory for extended systems

For the calculation of neutral excitations, time-dependent density functional theory (TDDFT) is an exact reformulation of the many-body time-dependent Schrödinger equation, based on knowledge of the density instead of the many-body wavefunction. The density can be determined in an efficient scheme by solving one-particle non-interacting Schrödinger equations—the Kohn–Sham equations. The complication of the problem is hidden in the—unknown—time-dependent exchange and correlation potential that appears in the Kohn–Sham equations and for which it is essential to find good approximations. Many approximations have been suggested and tested for finite systems, where even the very simple adiabatic local-density approximation (ALDA) has often proved to be successful. In the case of solids, ALDA fails to reproduce optical absorption spectra, which are instead well described by solving the Bethe–Salpeter equation of many-body perturbation theory (MBPT). On the other hand, ALDA can lead to excellent results for loss functions (at vanishing and finite momentum transfer). In view of this and thanks to recent successful developments of improved linear-response kernels derived from MBPT, TDDFT is today considered a promising alternative to MBPT for the calculation of electronic spectra, even for solids. After reviewing the fundamentals of TDDFT within linear response, we discuss different approaches and a variety of applications to extended systems.
Light charged Higgs at the beginning of the LHC era

The terascale will be explored with the start of the LHC. One of the most fundamental questions which we expect to be answered is the root of electroweak symmetry breaking and whether the Higgs mechanism is realized in nature or not. In this context we pose the question if existing experimental data still allow for a light non-minimal Higgs sector. We tackle this question first in the context of the two Higgs doublet model and then we concentrate in two supersymmetric models, the constrained MSSM and the MSSM with non-universal Higgs masses. In both supersymmetric scenarios, light pseudoscalar and light charged-Higgs bosons are still viable provided tan β is large. In this regime, we emphasize the importance of the constraints provided by the decay B → τν mediated by the charged-Higgs at tree-level. In addition we comment on generic predictions for hadronic colliders and indirect searches in such scenarios.
Gesture's Role in the Learning Process

When children explain their answers to a problem, they convey their thoughts not only in speech but also in the gestures that accompany that speech. Teachers, when explaining problems to a child, also convey information in both speech and gesture. Thus, there is an undercurrent of conversation that takes place in gesture alongside the acknowledged conversation in speech. This article shows that these gestures can play a crucial, although typically unacknowledged, role in teaching and learning.
Ethanol Extract of Cnidii Rhizoma Ameliorates Dextran Sulfate Sodium-Induced Ulcerative Colitis by Inhibiting JNK/NF-κB Signaling

In this study, dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced in vivo model and LPS-stimulated in vitro model were used to confirm whether ethanol extract of Cnidii Rhizoma (EtCR) could ameliorate UC. EtCR improved symptoms of UC, including body weight loss, colon length shortening, disease activity index (DAI), and colon mucosal damage. In addition, EtCR decreased inflammatory mediators, including cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), in colon tissue. To further confirm the UC improving mechanism, RAW 264.7 cells and HT29 human epithelial cells were used. EtCR reduced expression of inflammatory cytokines (IL-1β, TNF-α, and IL-6) and inflammatory mediators (nitric oxide and prostaglandin E2) via JNK and NF-κB signaling pathway in RAW 264.7 cells. In addition, EtCR increased expression of trefoil factor 3 (TFF3), which is an epithelial cell protective factor, in HT29 cells. Taken together, our study suggests that EtCR has treatment effect on UC and can be a therapeutic agent.
Analysis of the characteristics of the synchronous clusters in the adaptive Kuramoto network and neural network of the epileptic brain

In the paper we study the mechanisms of phase synchronization in the adaptive model network of Kuramoto oscillators and the neural network of brain by consideration of the integral characteristics of the observed networks signals. As the integral characteristics of the model network we consider the summary signal produced by the oscillators. Similar to the model situation we study the ECoG signal as the integral characteristic of neural network of the brain. We show that the establishment of the phase synchronization results in the increase of the peak, corresponding to synchronized oscillators, on the wavelet energy spectrum of the integral signals. The observed correlation between the phase relations of the elements and the integral characteristics of the whole network open the way to detect the size of synchronous clusters in the neural networks of the epileptic brain before and during seizure.
Deep Learning-based Inpainting for Virtual DSA

D IGITAL subtraction angiography (DSA) is a wellestablished imaging technique for background removal [1] in interventional X-ray-based angiography. For DSA, projections of the scene without contrast agent (mask scan) are digitally subtracted from projections acquired during contrast injection (fill scan), yielding images of the contrasted lumen only. Unfortunately, DSA can only be applied successfully to invariant anatomies as motion between the acquisition of mask and fill scan introduces misalignment artifacts that deteriorate diagnostic value. For cardiac imaging, this requirement is particularly problematic as the coronary arteries are subject to constant cardiac and respiratory motion [2]. Popular methods seek to avoid the problems induced by inter scan motion as a whole by estimating mask images from fill scans [2], [3], a technique that we will refer to as virtual DSA (vDSA). These methods require vessel segmentation to identify regions for image inpainting, i. e. background estimation. While the methods employed for vessel segmentation differ, the variation in inpainting algorithms is rather limited. Blondel et al. and Unberath et al. use morphological closure and spectral deconvolution, respectively, to estimate the background image [2], [3]. These methods work well for small regions of interest (ROIs) but usually perform poorly when large areas need to be estimated. Recently, methods from machine learning based on denoising autoencoderes and convolutional neural networks (CNNs) have received increasing attention, and were applied successfully to image inpainting [4], [5]. State-of-the-art results on natural images are impressive, however, the applicability to medical images, particularly to vDSA has yet to be demonstrated. In this paper, we adapt the U-net CNN architecture [6] to allow for regression, and apply it to image inpainting for background estimation in vDSA imaging.
' s personal copy Evaluation of microsatellites of Catha edulis ( qat ; Celastraceae ) identi fi ed using pyrosequencing

The use of Next Generation Sequencing (NGS) techniques to identify microsatellite markers has replaced more time intensive methods such as molecular cloning. The main advantage of NGS over traditional methods of identifying microsatellite markers is the generation of many more sequences with less effort. It is possible to design primers from unenriched DNA, thereby further reducing the workload and also allowing the use of SSRs that are difficult to enrich (e.g., TA/AT and TAA/ATT). We present microsatellite primer pairs that may be used for phylogeographic analysis as well as to infer the geographical origin of traded material of Catha edulis, which contains two amphetamines that are controlled substances in many counties. We used data from two partial 454 pyrosequencing runs that generated about 2000 sequences containing microsatellites (3% of all sequences) as well as flanking regions sufficient for primer design. Using 23 samples of C. edulis we identified 27 single-copy markers that were broadly amplified across the sampled individuals; 18 showed polymorphism information content (PIC) higher than 0.5. The genetic structure in wild individuals is concordant with their geographic origins; wild samples from northern Kenya are more closely related to Ethiopian samples than are other wild samples from Kenya. The geographic differences in allele frequencies indicate that microsatellite analysis can be used to determine the geographic source of cultivated and wild collected material. 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
Experimental Performance Evaluation of ATP (Ad-hoc Transport Protocol) in a Wireless Mesh Network

Experimental Performance Evaluation of ATP (Ad-hoc Transport Protocol) in a Wireless Mesh Network Xingang Zhang Department of Computer Science, BYU Master of Science It is well known that TCP performs poorly in wireless mesh networks. There has been intensive research in this area, but most work uses simulation as the only evaluation method; however, it is not clear whether the performance gains seen with simulation will translate into benefits on real networks. To explore this issue, we have implemented ATP (Ad-hoc Transport Protocol), a transport protocol designed specifically for wireless ad hoc networks. We have chosen ATP because it uses a radically different design from TCP and because reported results claim significant improvement over TCP. We show how ATP must be modified in order to be implemented in existing open-source wireless drivers, and we perform a comprehensive performance evaluation on mesh testbeds under different operating conditions. Our results show that the performance of ATP is highly sensitive to protocol parameters, especially the epoch timeout value. To improve its performance we design an adaptive version that utilizes a self-adjustable feedback mechanism instead of a fixed parameter. A comprehensive measurement study demonstrates the advantages of our adaptive ATP under various operating conditions. For networks with high bit-rate, low quality links, our adaptive version of ATP demonstrates an average of more than 50% gain in goodput over the default ATP for a single flow case. With respect to fairness, the adaptive ATP generally outperforms the default ATP by an order of magnitude in most results.
ASSOCIATION OF FUNGI, BACTERIA AND ACTINOMYCETES WITH DIFFERENT COMPOSTS

In the present study the agricultural and kitchen wastes viz., potato peels, sugar cane waste, tree bark, used microbiological media, news paper, saw dust, fruit peels, grass, leaves, guar, used tea, spinach twigs, wood chips, fruit and vegetable wastes were used alone and in combinations as compost feed-stocks. Microorganisms isolated and characterized from the above composts include the species of fungi viz., Aspergillus, Trichoderma, Mucor, Penicillium, Alternaria, Cladosporium, Monilia, Helminthosporium, Coccidioides, Scedosporium, actinomycete viz., Nocardia and bacteria viz., Bacillus, Lactobacilli, Micrococcus, Pseudomonas, Clostridium. Of these isolates, members of the genus Aspergillus were most prevalent (38%) followed by Bacillus comprising of 20% of the total microbial isolates. The study supports the idea that composting can be useful to treat wide range of organic materials such as yard trimmings, kitchen wastes and food processing discards. In addition, the knowledge regarding species composition of the microorganisms of different composts can help to optimize compost quality standards.
Developing a tempered HDP-HMM for Systems with State Persistence

Developing a tempered HDP-HMM for Systems with State Persistence Emily B. Fox∗, Erik B. Sudderth†, Michael I. Jordan† and Alan S. Willsky∗ Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science ∗Massachusetts Institute of Technology †University of California, Berkeley ebfox@mit.edu, sudderth@eecs.berkeley. edu, jordan@eecs.berkeley. edu, willsky@mit.edu MIT LABORATORY FOR INFORMATION & DECISION SYSTEMS TECHNICAL REPORT P-2777, NOVEMBER 2007
Are scale degree qualia a consequence of statistical learning

Ten musicians were asked to describe the quality or character evoked by different scale tones in the Western major scale. For example, the “mediant” pitch was variously described by participants as light, lifted, restful, peaceful, warm, bright, or calm. An informal semantic analysis of the descriptive terms resulted in seven categories, including the categories of surprise, tendency and completion . Independently, statistical data were collected on the probability of different scale tones in a large sample of Western melodies in major keys. There appears to be a notable association between the subjective qualia reported by musicians and the basic statistical properties of scale tones for Western melodies. Scale tones described by musicians as surprising or unexpected have objectively lower zerothorder probabilities of occurrence. Scale tones characterized as tending, leading, or pointing, are more likely to be those tones that are objectively most highly constrained in their first-order melodic probabilities. Scale tones described as stable or restful, are more likely to be those tones that exhibit a high probability of terminating a phrase or work. Most of the qualia categories, including certainty, tendency, completion, mobility and stability appear to be readily interpreted as relating to the statistical properties of tones and tone successions. These informal observations are consistent with the idea that the subjective experiential qualia evoked by tones may be attributable to statistical learning.
Sexual Dimorphism Using the Interstyloid Distances and Clinical Implication for Elongated Styloid Process in Northeastern Thailand

Skeletal remains are crucial in forensic identification of the sex, especially human skulls including the styloid process, a bony projection from the skull. Hence, the objectives of the present study were undertaken to assess the value of th e sty oid process for the sex identification of unknown skulls and also to investigate the prevalence of elongated styloid process in 102 huma dry skulls from the northeast Thai population. As a result, the interstyloid distances at both base and tip of the styloid processe s were found to be significantly different between male and female specimens, although no significant difference was found in the length of th styloid process between males and females. In addition, the occurrence of the elongated styloid process was not associated with the gen der, although its prevalent laterality on the left was recognized. It is suggested that the styloid process can be applied to the se x iden ification by measuring the interstyloid distance at the base or the tip of these processes.
HPV L1 capsid protein detection in high-risk human papillomavirus-positive cervical smears

Abstract Background: The L1 capsid protein is a viral nuclear protein that encapsidates the human papillomavirus (HPV) DNA to build new infectious particles. Previous studies in immune-competent patients have shown that detectable L1 protein in lowgrade squamous intraepithelial lesion (LSIL) smears is associated with remission in 60–75% of cases. Thus, the test can reduce interventions by approximately 75%. Objective: This study was performed to evaluate the use of HPV L1 capsid protein detection on cytology samples in a population with relatively high human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) prevalence and with known high-risk HPV (hrHPV) DNA results. Setting: Samples were obtained during a cervical cancer screening study at primary healthcare clinics in the Tshwane district, Gauteng. The HIV prevalence of the target group was estimated to be between 20% and 30%. Method: Conventional cervical cytology smears of 575 women were microscopically assessed and diagnosed. In addition, women were tested for the presence of HPV DNA on a cervical or vaginal sample. Immunocytochemical analysis was performed on morphologically abnormal smears and on a 52 control group smears reported to be negative for HPV DNA and morphological abnormalities. The detection of L1 capsid protein was carried out with the Cytoactiv® HPV L1 screening set, an antibody-based immunocytochemical stain. Results: A cytological diagnosis of LSIL was made in 19 women (3.3%), high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions (HSILs) in 42 (7.5%) and malignancy in 1 (0.2%). Of the LSIL cases, 10 of 19 (52.6%) stained positive for the presence of the L1 protein, while only one of 42 HSIL (2.4%) cases stained positive. Three hundred and four cases (52.9%) tested positive for hrHPV DNA, including women with LSIL, HSIL and malignancy. All of the control cases stained negative for the L1 capsid protein. Conclusion: hrHPV was not a useful triage test for women with abnormal cellular morphology in this population. Promising results were reported for Cytoactiv® immunostaining as a triage test for patients with LSIL, but it added no value to samples known to be HPV-negative or reported to be morphologically negative. The immunostaining of smears reported to be HSIL or worse were almost universally negative, supporting the diagnostic accuracy of cytology and the expectation of persistence or progression of these lesions.
Two scenarios of advective washing-out of localized convective patterns under frozen parametric disorder

The effect of spatial localization of states in distributed parameter systems under frozen parametric disorder is well known as the Anderson localization and thoroughly studied for the Schrödinger equation and linear dissipation-free wave equations. Some similar (or mimicking) phenomena can occur in dissipative systems such as the thermal convection ones. Specifically, many of these dissipative systems are governed by a modified Kuramoto–Sivashinsky equation, where the frozen spatial disorder of parameters has been reported to lead to excitation of localized patterns. Imposed advection in the modified Kuramoto–Sivashinsky equation can affect the localized patterns in a non-trivial way; it changes the localization properties and suppresses the pattern. The latter effect is considered in this paper by means of both numerical simulation and model reduction, which turns out to be useful for a comprehensive understanding of the bifurcation scenarios in the system. Two possible bifurcation scenarios of advective suppression (‘washing-out’) of localized patterns are revealed and characterized.
Factors for Implementing Public-Private Partnership ( PPP ) in the Development Process : Stakeholders ’ Perspective from Ethiopia

This paper presents the findings of a study that assessed factors for adopting PPP in public service delivery and development projects in Ethiopia. A questionnaire survey was conducted considering professionals and practitioners from different institutions. The survey respondents were selected individuals with hands-on experience in PPP related issues and private sector development programs. They were asked to rate the relative importance of the identified six factors on the basis of Likert scale style. The data were analyzed using econometrics software Stata version 12 to calculate mean score ranking, and an independent sample t-test. The findings of the top three ranks were investigated. Ranked top by the survey respondents was the ‘existence of PPP specific legal framework (MS=4.8), followed by ‘Existence of PPP dedicated Public Agency’ (MS=4.6), and the third was ‘Government Guarantee’ (MS=4.4). The rankings show that in general the prevalence of legal and institutional framework and also governments’ willingness to provide ‘guarantee’ are the most important factors for the implementation of PPP in development projects and public service delivery activities. The mean comparison test result shows the presence of significant difference in three factors among the private and public sector respondents. These findings provide an idea of the factors that could attract potential partners to engage in PPP projects. The findings indicate that the stakeholders from different sectors and levels have more or less similar perception and opinion regarding how the government should attract partners to engage in PPP arrangements in the process of development and public service delivery.