Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Flight range of gravid and newly emerged Anopheles.

It has been reported 2 that in the flat country of Calauan, Laguna, Anopheles minimus var.flavirostris was recovered only 0.5 km, A. mangyanus 0.9 km, and A. filipinae 1 km, from the liberating point during the SW monsoons in August 1933, with light variable winds with an average velocity between 18.00 and 6.00 hours of 2.6 miles (1 mile equals 1.6 km) per hour but not exceeding 12 miles per hour. However, during the NE monsoons, when the wind velocity varied from 6 to 8.6 miles per hour but never exceeded 17 miles per hour, A. minimus var. flavirostris was recaptured 2-2.2 km south of the liberating point, apparently owing to prevailing wind velocity.3 It was reported 1 that A. minimus var. flavirostris was trapped about 8 km away from its nearest breeding habitat in Malaking Patag, Culion. In Novaliches, Rizal, and Tungkong Manga, San Jose del Monte, Bulacan,4 this species prefers to harbour near human habitations when environmental conditions are suitable and its number decreases as the harbourages are located farther and farther from their human hosts. In Parang, Cotabato,5 heavy harbourages occurred only about 30-50 m from the barracks in dikes covered with tall grass in an abandoned ricefield, but were relatively scanty on the banks of streams. The present paper is an account of our studies on the range' of ffight of A. minimus var. flavirostris and other species in a hilly region, and of observations on the ffight behaviour of gravid and fed females compared with newly emerged anophelines.
Renal haemodynamics in the elderly.

According to a number of reports in the literature, several renal functions, particularly renal haemodynamic parameters, decline in the elderly subject even in the absence of renal disease [1-5]. The causes of age-related changes in renal haemodynamics are multifactorial. It is thought that renal attrition predisposes to an increased risk of progression of chronic renal disease in the elderly patient [6]. Since terminal renal failure in the elderly has become increasingly prevalent in Western societies [7,8], understanding the changes in renal haemodynamics at advanced age is of obvious importance. The present review attempts to summarize the state of knowledge concerning renal haemodynamics in the elderly. In addition, a description of structural changes in the ageing kidney is given in order to provide the reader with relevant information not only about the functional but also the morphological features of the renal ageing process. For this purpose we shall mainly focus on studies in humans. Information obtained in animals is taken into consideration only if it contributes to the understanding of the problem in humans.
Injury prediction in veteran football players using the Functional Movement Screen™

ABSTRACT The Functional Movement Screen™ (FMS™) is aimed at assessing fundamental movements and is often used to identify players’ injury risk. The purpose of this study was to determine whether the FMS™ can be used to predict injuries in veteran footballers (aged > 32 years). Eighteen veteran football teams (n = 238) were recruited and prospectively followed for 9 months. The players (44 ± 7 years; 178 ± 7 cm, 84 ± 11 kg) performed the FMS™ at the start of the study period. Players’ exposure hours and injuries were recorded. The difference of FMS™ overall score between injured and uninjured players was not significant (11.7 ± 2.9 vs 12.2 ± 2.8 points; Mann-Whitney U-test P = 0.17). Players scoring <10 (score < 1 standard deviation [SD]) below the mean) had a significantly higher injury incidence (z-statistics P < 0.05) compared to an intermediate reference group (mean ± 1 SD; scores of 10–14). No lower injury incidence for players with scores of >14 (score > 1 SD above the mean) was found. Further analyses of potential risk factors suggest higher age, lower body mass and a longer football career to be risk factors for injuries. The findings of this study suggest that the suitability of the FMS™ for injury prediction in veteran footballers is limited.
EFFECTS OF IRON AND FOLIC ACID ANTENATAL SUPPLEMENTS ON MATERNAL HAEMATOLOGY AND FETAL WELLBEING

Pregnant women received one of five supplement regimes throughout the second half of pregnancy: (i) placebo; (ii) ferrous sulphate, 60 mg of iron per day; (HI) folic acid, 0·5 mg per day; (iv) iron 60 mg and folic acid 0·5 mg per day; and (v) iron 60 mg and folic acid 5 mg per day. Fifteen out of 102 subjects developed moderate anaemia (haemoglobin (Hb) < 10·0 g/100 ml). Anaemia in 12 cases was due to iron deficiency, and 10 of these patients had not received iron supplements. Oral iron, 60 mg per day, raised the mean haemoglobin level progressively from after the 28th week of gestation, but was inadequate to prevent moderate anaemia In two subjects. Forty‐six per cent of patients receiving iron had no stainable intracellular stores at the end of pregnancy, compared with 67% of those not receiving iron. Folic acid 0·5 mg per day prevented completely folic deficiency and 5 mg per day gave no further advantage. Seven subjects (18%) not receiving folic acid had frankly megaloblastic erythropoiesis, but in only one was folate deficiency the sole cause of mild anaemia (Hb < 11·0 g/100 ml). Iron and folic acid acted on maternal haematology independently and cumulatively, but not through Interaction. Mean urinary oestrogen excretion, placental weight, birthweight and Apgar score were not significantly different in the various supplement groups, but even mild anaemia was associated with decreased oestrogen excretion and larger placentas. Neither folic acid excess nor folate deficiency affected oestrogen excretion in the absence of anaemia.
Interference between D30N and L90M in Selection and Development of Protease Inhibitor-Resistant Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1

ABSTRACT We studied the evolutionary relationships between the two protease inhibitor (PI) resistance mutations, D30N and L90M, of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1). The former is highly specific for nelfinavir resistance, while the latter is associated with resistance to several PIs, including nelfinavir. Among patients with nelfinavir treatment failure, we found that D30N acquisition was strongly suppressed when L90M preexisted. Thus, D30N/L90M double mutations not only were detected in a very limited number of patients but also accounted for a minor fraction within each patient. In the disease course, the D30N and L90M clones readily evolved independently of each other, and later the D30N/L90M double mutants emerged. The double mutants appeared to originate from the D30N lineage but not from the L90M lineage, or were strongly associated with the former. However, their evolutionary pathways appeared to be highly complex and to still have something in common, as they always contained several additional polymorphisms, including L63P and N88D, as common signatures. These results suggest that D30N and L90M are mutually exclusive during the evolutionary process. Supporting this notion, the D30N/L90M mutation was also quite rare in a large clinical database. Recombinant viruses with the relevant mutations were generated and compared for the ability to process p55gag and p160pol precursor proteins as well as for their infectivity. L90M caused little impairment of the cleavage activities, but D30N was detrimental, although significant residual activity was observed. In contrast, D30N/L90M demonstrated severe impairment. Thus, the concept of mutual antagonism of the two mutations was substantiated biochemically and functionally.
ABA signalling manipulation suppresses senescence of a leafy vegetable stored at room temperature

Summary Postharvest senescence and associated stresses limit the shelf life and nutritional value of vegetables. Improved understanding of these processes creates options for better management. After harvest, controlled exposure to abiotic stresses and/or exogenous phytohormones can enhance nutraceutical, organoleptic and commercial longevity traits. With leaf senescence, abscisic acid (ABA) contents progressively rise, but the actual biological functions of this hormone through senescence still need to be clarified. Postharvest senescence of detached green cabbage leaves (Brassica oleracea var. capitata) was characterized under cold (4 °C) and room temperature (25 °C) storage conditions. Hormonal profiling of regions of the leaf blade (apical, medial, basal) revealed a decrease in cytokinins contents during the first days under both conditions, while ABA only increased at 25 °C. Treatments with ABA and a partial agonist of ABA (pyrabactin) for 8 days did not lead to significant effects on water and pigment contents, but increased cell integrity and altered 1‐aminocyclopropane‐1‐carboxylic acid (ACC) and cytokinins contents. Transcriptome analysis showed transcriptional regulation of ABA, cytokinin and ethylene metabolism and signalling; proteasome components; senescence regulation; protection of chloroplast functionality and cell homeostasis; and suppression of defence responses (including glucosinolates and phenylpropanoids metabolism). It is concluded that increasing the concentration of ABA (or its partial agonist pyrabactin) from the start of postharvest suppresses senescence of stored leaves, changes the transcriptional regulation of glucosinolates metabolism and down‐regulates biotic stress defence mechanisms. These results suggest a potential for manipulating ABA signalling for improving postharvest quality of leafy vegetables stored at ambient temperature.
Multi-modular cascaded DC-DC converter for HVDC grid connection of large-scale photovoltaic power systems

Large-scale grid-connected photovoltaic (PV) energy conversion systems operate at low voltage and are interfaced to medium-voltage and high-voltage ac utility grids through one or two step-up voltage transformer stages. In addition, the power conversion is performed with either a single stage dc-ac converter (central inverter) or a two stage dc-dc/dc-ac (string or multi-string inverter). However, prime solar irradiation regions in the world are not always located close to available utility lines, and in some cases are far away from main consumption areas. Furthermore, long overhead transmissions lines (>400km) and underwater transmission lines above 70kM, HVDC has become the most cost-effective solution. Among HVDC technologies, voltage source converter based HVDC system, mainly based on the modular multilevel converter (MMC), have become popular due to smaller filters, multi-network connection and decoupling of active and reactive power. This paper explores a new large-scale PV plant configuration based on a dc-dc stage interfaced directly to an MMC based HVDC system. Since PV systems are dc by nature, the proposed solution has several advantages, particularly if combined directly with the HVDC power station. Some power circuit topologies are presented, including their corresponding control schemes. Simulation results are presented to provide a preliminary evaluation on the operation and performance of the proposed system.
An estimate of maintenance efficiency in Brown-Proschan imperfect repair model with bathtub failure intensity

Purpose: Estimate the maintenance efficiency in the Brown-Proschan model with the bathtub failure intensity. Design/methodology/approach: Empirical research through which we propose a framework to establish the characteristics of failure process and its influence on maintenance process. Findings: The main contribution of the present study is the reformulation of the Brown and Proschan model using the bathtub failure intensity Practical implications: Our model is defined by BP reformulation one using bathtub failure intensity. This form of intensity is presented like superposition of two NHPP and Homogeneous Poisson one. Originality/value: This is the follow on research on the study that employed the power-law-process type of failure intensity.
Road surface condition detection using 24 GHz automotive radar technology

Traffic safety can be improved by detecting the road surface condition using automotive radar. This paper describes two 24 GHz measurement systems for investigating the backscattering properties of different asphalt surfaces e.g. dry, wet and icy surfaces. The first system is used for measurements in a controlled environment and the second one is installed into a test vehicle. Measurement results from dry, wet and icy asphalt are presented together with results obtained from asphalt covered with tree leaves. The ultimate objective of the road condition detection radar is to estimate the road surface friction.
Integrating Biosignals into Information Systems: A NeuroIS Tool for Improving Emotion Regulation

Traders and investors are aware that emotional processes can have material consequences on their financial decision performance. However, typical learning approaches for debiasing fail to overcome emotionally driven financial dispositions, mostly because of subjects' limited capacity for self-monitoring. Our research aims at improving decision makers' performance by (1) boosting their awareness to their emotional state and (2) improving their skills for effective emotion regulation. To that end, we designed and implemented a serious game-based NeuroIS tool that continuously displays the player's individual emotional state, via biofeedback, and adapts the difficulty of the decision environment to this emotional state. The design artifact was then evaluated in two laboratory experiments. Taken together, our study demonstrates how information systems design science research can contribute to improving financial decision making by integrating physiological data into information technology artifacts. Moreover, we provide specific design guidelines for how biofeedback can be integrated into information systems.
Exploration and Description of Faith-Based Health Resources: Findings Inform Advancing Holistic Health Care

It is important to use all holistic resource opportunities in communities, such as integrative healing centers, and mind-body-spirit approaches to health. These holistic approaches may be realized through nontraditional avenues, such as faith-based resources. This article reports on an exploratory study that describes faith-based resources supporting holistic health in a southeastern region of the United States. A working definition for “faith-based health resources” was “ecumenical and interfaith community-based, open-access health resources that include in mission for service a reference to faith. ” Excluded from the definition were institutional services from hospitals, focused social services from area agencies, and federally funded services.
Requirement for Uracil-DNA Glycosylase during the Transition to Late-Phase Cytomegalovirus DNA Replication

ABSTRACT Cytomegalovirus gene UL114, a homolog of mammalian uracil-DNA glycosylase (UNG), is required for efficient viral DNA replication. In quiescent fibroblasts, UNG mutant virus replication is delayed for 48 h and follows the virus-induced expression of cellular UNG. In contrast, mutant virus replication proceeds without delay in actively growing fibroblasts that express host cell UNG. In the absence of viral or host cell UNG expression, mutant virus fails to proceed to late-phase DNA replication, characterized by rapid DNA amplification. The data suggest that uracil incorporated early during wild-type viral DNA replication must be removed by virus or host UNG prior to late-phase amplification and encapsidation into progeny virions. The process of uracil incorporation and excision may introduce strand breaks to facilitate the transition from early-phase replication to late-phase amplification.
Hardness of evasion of multiple classifier system with non-linear classifiers

Many studies have shown that Multiple Classifier Systems (MCSs) are more robust than single classifiers to evasion attacks for linear classifiers. However, to the best of our knowledge, the robustness of MCSs for non-linear classifiers has not been inves-tigated. This paper attempts to discuss two issues experimentally including a MCS is still more robust than a single classifier for non-linear classifiers, and also a non-linear classifier is more robust than a linear classifier. Besides the accuracy, we adopt the hardness of evasion as the evaluation criterion to measure the robustness of a classifier. The results show that MCSs and non-linear classifiers are more robust to the evasion attack generally.
MYB3Rs, plant homologs of Myb oncoproteins, control cell cycle-regulated transcription and form DREAM-like complexes

Plant MYB3R transcription factors, homologous to Myb oncoproteins, regulate the genes expressed at G2 and M phases in the cell cycle. Recent studies showed that MYB3Rs constitute multiprotein complexes that may correspond to animal complexes known as DREAM or dREAM. Discovery of the putative homologous complex in plants uncovered their significant varieties in structure, function, dynamics, and heterogeneity, providing insight into conserved and diversified aspects of cell cycle-regulated gene transcription.
Emergence of H7N9 Influenza A Virus Resistant to Neuraminidase Inhibitors in Nonhuman Primates

ABSTRACT The number of patients infected with H7N9 influenza virus has been increasing since 2013. We examined the efficacy of neuraminidase (NA) inhibitors and the efficacy of a vaccine against an H7N9 influenza virus, A/Anhui/1/2013 (H7N9), isolated from a patient in a cynomolgus macaque model. NA inhibitors (oseltamivir and peramivir) barely reduced the total virus amount because of the emergence of resistant variants with R289K or I219T in NA [residues 289 and 219 in N9 of A/Anhui/1/2013 (H7N9) correspond to 292 and 222 in N2, respectively] in three of the six treated macaques, whereas subcutaneous immunization of an inactivated vaccine derived from A/duck/Mongolia/119/2008 (H7N9) prevented propagation of A/Anhui/1/2013 (H7N9) in all vaccinated macaques. The percentage of macaques in which variant H7N9 viruses with low sensitivity to the NA inhibitors were detected was much higher than that of macaques in which variant H5N1 highly pathogenic influenza virus was detected after treatment with one of the NA inhibitors in our previous study. The virus with R289K in NA was reported in samples from human patients, whereas that with I219T in NA was identified for the first time in this study using macaques, though no variant H7N9 virus was reported in previous studies using mice. Therefore, the macaque model enables prediction of the frequency of emerging H7N9 virus resistant to NA inhibitors in vivo. Since H7N9 strains resistant to NA inhibitors might easily emerge compared to other influenza viruses, monitoring of the emergence of variants is required during treatment of H7N9 influenza virus infection with NA inhibitors.
A novel SPRAM (SPin-transfer torque RAM) with a synthetic ferrimagnetic free layer for higher immunity to read disturbance and reducing write-current dispersion

A novel SPRAM (spin-transfer torque RAM) consisting of MgO-barrier-based magnetic tunnel junctions (MTJs) with a synthetic ferrimagnetic (SyF) structure in a free layer was demonstrated for both higher immunity to read disturbance and a sufficient margin between the read and write currents. Since magnetization of the free layer becomes stable against thermal fluctuation with increasing thermal-stability factor E/kBT, the SyF free layer of the MTJs realized a magnetic information retention of over 10 years due to its high E/kBT of 67. Furthermore, it was found that the SyF free layer has an advantage of reducing dispersion of write-current density Jc, which is necessary for securing an adequate margin between the read and write currents.
Semantic node embeddings of distributed graphs using apache spark

Graphs are widely used to model relationships between entities. Mining for information on large scale social network graphs poses a major challenge in terms of computation and performance due to the sheer size, scale and growth of the graphs involved. Therefore it is important to be able to work with graphs in a distributed setting. Recently, Natural language processing (NLP)-based graph representation algorithms have been developed. These algorithms obtain vector representation for the nodes of the graph in Rn while encoding information about each node's context. Such representational algorithms can be used to preprocess graph input for a variety of graph-based machine learning algorithms such as classification, link prediction etc. In our work, we introduce a distributed version of one such algorithm which can learn node representations from large scale distributed graphs using Apache Spark. Our algorithm is fast, scalable and supports online training for learning representations. We have also modeled the protein-protein interaction problem using graphs and obtained its semantic representation in Rn. The results we have obtained are quite interesting owing to the fact that even when we use just 1% of the data for training, we get an accuracy of close to 95% on prediction.
The transition from localized to homogeneous plasticity during nanoindentation of an amorphous metal

Using nanoindentation, we examine the fundamental nature of plasticity in a bulk amorphous metal. We find that the mechanics of plasticity depend strongly on the indentation loading rate, with low rates promoting discretization of plasticity into rapid bursts. For sufficiently slow indentations, we find that plastic deformation becomes completely discretized in a series of isolated yielding events. As the loading rate is increased, a transition from discrete to continuous yielding is observed. These results are fundamentally different from the classical expectations for metallic glasses, in which the transition from discrete to continuous yielding occurs upon a decrease in deformation rate. The present experimental results are analysed with reference to the theoretical ideal-plastic strain field beneath an indenter and rationalized on the basis of mechanistic models of glass plasticity.
Carpal tunnel syndrome: diagnostic usefulness of sonography.

PURPOSE To prospectively evaluate accuracy of sonography for diagnosis of carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS) in patients clinically suspected of having the disease in one or both hands. MATERIALS AND METHODS A prospective cohort of 133 patients suspected of having CTS were referred to a teaching hospital between October 2001 and June 2002 for electrodiagnostic study. One hundred twenty patients (98 women, 22 men; mean age, 49 years; range, 19-83 years) underwent sonography within 1 week after electrodiagnostic study. Radiologist was blinded to electrodiagnostic study results. Seventy-five patients had bilateral symptoms; 23 patients, right-hand symptoms; and 22 patients, left-hand symptoms (total, 195 symptomatic hands). Cross-sectional area of median nerve was measured at three levels: immediately proximal to carpal tunnel inlet, at carpal tunnel inlet, and at carpal tunnel outlet. Flexor retinaculum was used as a landmark to margins of carpal tunnel. Optimal threshold levels (determined with classification and regression tree analysis) for areas proximal to and at tunnel inlet and at tunnel outlet were used to discriminate between patients with and patients without disease. Sensitivity, specificity, and false-positive and false-negative rates were derived on the basis of final diagnosis, which was determined with clinical history and electrodiagnostic study results as reference standard. RESULTS For right hands, sonography had sensitivity of 94% (66 of 70); specificity, 65% (17 of 26); false-positive rate, 12% (nine of 75); and false-negative rate, 19% (four of 21) (cutoff, 0.09 cm(2) proximal to tunnel inlet and 0.12 cm(2) at tunnel outlet). For left hands, sensitivity was 83% (53 of 64); specificity, 73% (24 of 33); false-positive rate, 15% (nine of 62); and false-negative rate, 31% (11 of 35) (cutoff, 0.10 cm(2) proximal to tunnel inlet). CONCLUSION Sonography is comparable to electrodiagnostic study in diagnosis of CTS and should be considered as initial test of choice for patients suspected of having CTS.