Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Fiberoptic Array Spectroscopy of NH2 in Comet Hale-Bopp: Nature of the Rotational Energy Distributions

Moderate-resolution spectra of the 030 band of NH2 near 6300 Å were recorded in Comet Hale-Bopp near 2.6 and 1.0 AU with the HYDRA array spectrometer on the WIYN telescope. The spectra from beyond the collision sphere were examined with respect to the relative rotational energy distributions in NH2. The relative rotational profiles could be consistently fitted at both heliocentric positions by a photostationary state model that follows optical pumping and fluorescence in the 2A1(Πu)- 2B1 band and radiative rotational relaxation in the ground state. The behavior of the spectra with regard to the relative weakness of lines from K = even states at large heliocentric distances is explained by this model, where only the solar flux changes. The general heliocentric dependence of the rotational excitation temperature of collision-free NH2, and, to a first-order approximation, polar diatomic radicals are predicted. The form of the heliocentric dependence is coincidentally similar to that of CO in the collision sphere as observed by others. Species that can undergo optical pumping will show a heliocentric dependence of the rotational excitation temperature of the form Texc(rh) = T1 AU/r. The NH2 radical and diatomic hydrides will have flatter rh dependence than the polar first row diatomics. The rh dependence is largely controlled by the ratio of the fluorescence excitation rate and the rate of radiative rotational relaxation.
Particle size of bone graft and method of impaction affect initial stability of cemented cupsHuman cadaveric and synthetic pelvic specimen studies

We determined the effect of bone graft particle size and impaction technique on the initial stability of cemented acetabular cups. First, acetabular reconstructions were performed in human cadaveric pelvic bones in which type 2 AAOS cavitary defects were created. Reconstructions were made with small bone grafts (average 2 mm) produced by a bone mill or large bone grafts (average 9 mm) produced by hand with a rongeur. All chips were made from freshly-frozen femoral heads. Impaction was done using acetabular impactors and a hammer. We did a loading experiment with a gradually increasing dynamic load up to 3000 N. We used radiostereometric analysis (RSA) to determine cup stability. The cups were more stable when large bone grafts were used. Because of limitations of the cadaver model, we developed a synthetic acetabular model. For validation of this model, we repeated the experiments using small and large bone grafts. The results with both models were similar. In the synthetic model, we compared impaction with hammer and impactors with the reversed reaming technique using manual compression on the reamer. The latter method resulted in more migration. We recommend firm impaction with a hammer of large bone grafts for optimal stability of the cup.
Pioglitazone Rapidly Increases Serum Adiponectin Levels in Men With Normal Glucose Tolerance

The thiazolidinedione class of antidiabetes drugs has various pleiotropic effects on cardiovascular diseases and lipid metabolism (1). Thiazolidinediones including pioglitazone have been shown to increase circulating adiponectin in diabetic subjects, although the mechanism is not well understood (2,3). Since, in previous studies, adiponectin levels in diabetic patients were evaluated after ≥3 weeks of pioglitazone treatment, elevated adiponectin may be, in part, secondary to improved lipid and glucose handling in these studies. In this study, we examined short-term effects of pioglitazone on serum adiponectin in nondiabetic subjects to assess the effect of pioglitazone independently of glycolipid …
Inhibitory effects of different barbiturates on lipid peroxidation in brain tissue in vitro: comparison with the effects of promethazine and chlorpromazine.

The protective effect of barbiturates in cerebral ischemia has been proposed to be related to inhibition of lipid peroxidation. The present in-vitro study was undertaken to test the efficiencies of different barbiturates to inhibit peroxidative reactions in brain tissue, and to compare their effects with established free radical scavengers (chlorpromazine and promethazine). Cortical homogenates, prepared from decapitated rats, were incubated at 37 C with 5 per cent O2 (in N2) in the presence of ferrous sulfate (0.01 mM) and ascorbic acid (0.25 mM). During incubation there was extensive lipid peroxidation in the tissue, as evidenced by appreciable production of thiobarbituric acid-reactive material (TBAR), 1.2 μmol malondialdehyde g−1 cortex in one hour. Thiopental (1.0 mM) caused a 96 per cent inhibition of TBAR production, while other barbiturates (in the same concentrations) had only small (methohexital) or no (pentobarbital and phenobarbital) inhibitory effect. The inhibition of TBAR production by 1.0 mM thiopental was similar to that found with 1.0 mM chlorpromazine or 0.1 mM promethazine. The inhibitory effect of thiopental on lipid peroxidation was confirmed by analysis of fatty acids and phospholipids. Thiopental prevented the peroxidative degradation of polyenoic (20:4, 22:6) fatty acids and of ethanolamine phosphoglyceride that otherwise occurred during incubation. The marked differences between the tested barbiturates with respect to their abilities to inhibit lipid peroxidation in vitro are at variance with the fact that all of these barbiturates have been reported to protect the ischemic brain in various situations in vivo. The results imply that the protective effect of barbiturates under such conditions is unrelated to inhibition of lipid peroxidation, and suggest that instead they may act by other mechanisms.
Telemedicine behind bars: a cost-effective and secure trend.

An inmate in a Texas prison injures his knee. The onsite primary care physician suspects that surgery will be required. In the past, such a diagnosis almost always meant transporting a prisoner—under armed guard—easily hundreds of miles roundtrip to see a specialist for consultation. Today, thanks to advances in telemedicine, that consultation takes place within prison walls. “In many cases like this, we’ve seen an orthopedic specialist prescribe physical therapy or exercise that avoids the need for surgery altogether,” says Don McBeath, director of telemedicine and rural health at Texas Tech University Health Science Center in Lubbock. Texas Tech is one of two university-affiliated groups responsible for providing health care to the state’s prison population. With more than 200,000 inmates in more than 100 facilities spread across 267,000 square miles, the state of Texas has turned increasingly to telemedicine to contain costs, maintain security, and provide timely health care to its correctional patients. “We do about 2,500 correctional consults a year,” explains McBeath. “In about 50% of the cases where a telemedicine consult occurs, the inmate is never transferred outside the prison for additional care. In other words, via telemedicine, the outside specialist is able to direct the onsite caregiver to deliver whatever health care services are necessary. ”
INTERACTIONS BETWEEN HYDRALAZINE, PROPILDAZINE AND PURINES ON ARTERIAL SMOOTH MUSCLE

1 The interaction of hydralazine (Hyd) and propildazine (Pyd) with purine compounds was studied in the isolated tail artery from normotensive Wistar (NW) rats. 2 Exogenously added purines inhibit non competitively the antispasmogenic response to Hyd in denervated NW segments. The order of potency is 2‐Cl‐adenosine > adenosine > adenosine 5′‐triphosphate (ATP)> inosine. Pyd action is modified only by the most active purine 2‐C1‐> adenosine, which displaces the dose‐response curves to the right. Hyd and Pyd seem to act on the same site, since their maximal effects are not additive. 3 Theophylline (Theo) 50μm induces the appearance of the antispasmogenic effect of Hyd in the usually poorly responsive innervated proximal NW arterial segments. The potentiating action of Theo is identical to the enhancement of the Hyd response observed after 6‐hydroxydopamine denervation. This result suggests that the release of endogenous purines from sympathetic nerves is sufficient to block the smooth muscle responses to Hyd, under our experimental conditions. A similar potentiating effect is obtained with propranolol (5 μm). 4 The spontaneous release of 3H, after loading with [3H]‐noradrenaline, was considered as an indirect indication of purine leakage from nerve terminals. There is an inverse relationship between the rate of 3H release, under these conditions, and the magnitude of the relaxant response to Hyd, i.e., 3H leakage is higher in proximal NW segments. 5 The most satisfactory explanation for the interaction of Hyd and Pyd with exogenous purines, and for the modulating actions of sympathetic nerve terminals, is that both antihypertensives act on a common receptor, sensitive to endogenous ATP and adenosine.
Renal Doppler resistance indices are associated with systemic atherosclerosis in kidney transplant recipients.

BACKGROUND In kidney transplant recipients, increased intrarenal resistance indices measured by duplex ultrasound are associated with poor subsequent allograft performance. It remains unclear whether high resistance indices rather reflect local renal damage or systemic vessel disease. We hypothesized that resistance indices are associated with cardiovascular risk factors and with subclinical systemic atherosclerosis in transplant recipients. METHODS In 105 renal transplant recipients, categories of risk for coronary heart disease were determined by Framingham risk scoring. Intrarenal resistive index (RI) and pulsatility index (PI) were measured in segmental arteries at five representative locations. For assessment of subclinical atherosclerosis, common carotid intima-media thickness, and ankle-brachial blood pressure index (ABI) were determined. RESULTS Transplant recipients with high coronary risk had higher intrarenal resistance indices than low-risk patients. Higher age, female gender, and lower body mass index were independently associated with increased resistance indices. Renal resistance indices were correlated with common carotid intima-media thickness [RI: r= 0.270 (P= 0.005); PI: r= 0.355 (P < 0.001)]. This association remained significant after adjusting for renal function. Renal resistance indices were increased in patients with pathologic ankle-brachial-indices compared to patients with physiologic ankle-brachial-indices [RI: 73.3 +/- 7.1 vs. 70.2 +/- 6.9 (P= 0.03); PI: 146.4 +/- 29.9 vs. 131.4 +/- 25.9 (P= 0.01)]. Renal resistance indices were neither significantly correlated with glomerular filtration rate (GFR), nor with donor age. CONCLUSION Intrarenal resistance indices are a complex integration of arterial compliance, pulsatility, and peripheral resistance. They are associated with traditional cardiovascular risk factors as well as with subclinical atherosclerotic vessel damage and should thus not be considered specific markers of renal damage.
Changes in the Antioxidant Systems as Part of the Signaling Pathway Responsible for the Programmed Cell Death Activated by Nitric Oxide and Reactive Oxygen Species in Tobacco Bright-Yellow 2 Cells1

Nitric oxide (NO) has been postulated to be required, together with reactive oxygen species (ROS), for the activation of the hypersensitive reaction, a defense response induced in the noncompatible plant-pathogen interaction. However, its involvement in activating programmed cell death (PCD) in plant cells has been questioned. In this paper, the involvement of the cellular antioxidant metabolism in the signal transduction triggered by these bioactive molecules has been investigated. NO and ROS levels were singularly or simultaneously increased in tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum cv Bright-Yellow 2) cells by the addition to the culture medium of NO and/or ROS generators. The individual increase in NO or ROS had different effects on the studied parameters than the simultaneous increase in the two reactive species. NO generation did not cause an increase in phenylalanine ammonia-lyase (PAL) activity or induction of cellular death. It only induced minor changes in ascorbate (ASC) and glutathione (GSH) metabolisms. An increase in ROS induced oxidative stress in the cells, causing an oxidation of the ASC and GSH redox pairs; however, it had no effect on PAL activity and did not induce cell death when it was generated at low concentrations. In contrast, the simultaneous increase of NO and ROS activated a process of death with the typical cytological and biochemical features of hypersensitive PCD and a remarkable rise in PAL activity. Under the simultaneous generation of NO and ROS, the cellular antioxidant capabilities were also suppressed. The involvement of ASC and GSH as part of the transduction pathway leading to PCD is discussed.
Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids Suppress Hepatic Sterol Regulatory Element-binding Protein-1 Expression by Accelerating Transcript Decay*

The reduction in hepatic abundance ofsterol regulatory element binding protein-1(SREBP-1) mRNA and protein associated with the ingestion of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) appears to be largely responsible for the PUFA-dependent inhibition of lipogenic gene transcription. Our initial studies indicated that the induction ofSREBP-1 expression by insulin and glucose was blocked by PUFA. Nuclear run-on assays suggested PUFA reduced SREBP-1mRNA by post-transcriptional mechanisms. In this report we demonstrate that PUFA enhance the decay of both SREBP-1aand -1c. When rat hepatocytes in monolayer culture were treated with albumin-bound 20:4(n-6) or 20:5(n-3) the half-life of total SREBP-1mRNA was reduced by 50%. Ribonuclease protection assays revealed that the decay of SREBP-1c mRNA was more sensitive to PUFA than was SREBP-1a, i.e. the half-life ofSREBP-1c and -1a was reduced from 10.0 to 4.6 h and 11.6 to 7.6 h, respectively. Interestingly, treating the hepatocytes with the translational inhibitor, cycloheximide, prevented the PUFA-dependent decay ofSREBP-1. This suggests that SREBP-1 mRNA may need to undergo translation to enter the decay process, or that the decay process requires the synthesis of a rapidly turning over protein. Although the mechanism by which PUFA accelerate SREBP-1mRNA decay remains to be determined, cloning and sequencing of the 3′-untranslated region for the rat SREBP-1 transcript revealed the presence of an A-U-rich region that is characteristic of a destablizing element.
The post-antibiotic effects of linezolid against Gram-positive pathogens.

OBJECTIVE To investigate the post-antibiotic effect (PAE) of linezolid against methicillin-resistant and -susceptible staphylococci, vancomycin-resistant and -susceptible enterococci. METHODS Clinical strains of Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus), Staphylococcus epidermidis (S. epidermidis) and Enterococcus faecalis (E. faecalis) were isolated from hospitalized patients at Ege University Medical Faculty Hospital between June and September 2005. This study was made between September and December 2005. The PAE of linezolid was determined at the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and 4 times the MIC concentrations for 60 minutes in Mueller-Hinton Broth (MHB). The duration of the PAE was obtained by following the recovery of bacterial growth in antibiotic free MHB measured colony forming units on Mueller-Hinton agar. RESULTS All the straines were susceptible to linezolid. The PAE was greater at 4 times the MIC (0.5 - 2.4 hours) that at the MIC (0 - 1.7 hours) for linezolid against all organisms tested. The PAE for linezolid was slightly higher against E. faecalis strains than other organisms. CONCLUSION In this study, it was demonstrated that linezolid had a moderate in vitro PAE against S. aureus, S. epidermidis and E.faecalis strains.
Treatment of rheumatoid arthritis with total lymphoid irradiation: long-term survival.

OBJECTIVE Total lymphoid irradiation (TLI) has been used to treat rheumatoid arthritis (RA) since the 1970s. This study reviews long-term (15-20-year) mortality outcomes of patients treated with TLI for RA at Stanford University Medical Center and compares these outcomes with those in patients treated with disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (DMARDs). METHODS Fifty-three patients with RA were treated with full-dose TLI at Stanford University Medical Center. All had failed previous therapy with gold salts and penicillamine. One hundred six control patients were selected from the Arthritis, Rheumatism, and Aging Medical Information Systems database and were matched with the patients for age, sex, disease duration, and mean Health Assessment Questionnaire (HAQ) score. Survival was analyzed using Kaplan-Meier methods and Cox proportional hazards regression. RESULTS No significant difference in age and sex was found between TLI-treated patients and controls. TLI-treated patients had more education (mean 13.4 years versus 11.8 years; P = 0.016) and received more DMARDs prior to TLI (mean 2.1 versus 1.3; P = 0.0001). TLI-treated patients had lower mean HAQ scores at the time of TLI (2.0 versus 2.4; P = 0.0002). TLI had no significant overall effect on survival in treated patients compared with controls (P = 0.62). The survival curves appeared to cross over at approximately 11 years of followup, with better early survival in the TLI group and better late survival in the control group. There was a total of 25 deaths in the TLI group. There were 45 deaths in the control group, with causes of death available for 20 patients. There were 3 patients with lymphoma and 2 with myelodysplastic syndrome in the TLI group, and none in the control group. The most common cause of death in both groups was infection. CONCLUSION TLI had no significant effect on overall survival, with trends toward higher early mortality in controls and trends toward higher late mortality in TLI-treated patients. Overall, there was no difference in mortality, but it appears that there may have been more lymphoproliferative malignancies in the TLI cohort. We would recommend that TLI be used cautiously for patients with refractory RA in whom the benefits outweigh the risks.
Kardiovaskuläre Vorsorge im Breitensport, ambitionierten Freizeitsport und Wettkampfsport über das 35. Lebensjahr hinaus Cardiovascular screening for recreational, leisure, vigorous and competitive sport activities over 35 years

Einführung ▼ Die Inzidenz des plötzlichen Herztodes (PHT) in Verbindung mit Sport nimmt mit dem Alter zu [41]. PHT durch körperliche Anstrengung ist schon seit dem Altertum bekannt: Ein Soldat namens Pheidippides soll im Alter von etwa 35 Jahren nach der Schlacht bei Marathon nach Athen gelaufen und gestorben sein als er die Siegesnachricht überbrachte. Ob er Soldat war oder ein Bote, der vorher 240 km von Athen nach Sparta lief, dann über Marathon nach Athen zurück kam, und was letztendlich Wahrheit, was Dichtung ist, bleibt unklar [22]. Fakt ist, dass dieser Todesfall als der erste sportbezogene Tod in die Geschichte eingegangen ist.
A patient-centric framework for multisourced actionable health solution

Increasing cases of chronic diseases and a decrease of healthcare professionals are leading to time deficiencies in patient doctor communication on health issues during consultation hours. This has caused patients to suffer from a lack of understanding regarding their healthcare issues as well as raised actionability concerns for patients. Actionability is defined as the ability of patients to perform certain actions (taking drugs, going through treatments, etc.) that would benefit their healthcare problem. The deficiency of patients' actionability occurs when patients have little to no opinion regarding potential health care solutions, as caused by the unavailability of physicians. Because of this, a framework capable of capturing treatment options and related information from online sources (medical websites and reviewed biomedical articles) with the aid of several third party applications, such as MMTx (MetaMap Transfer), RapidMiner, and E-Utils package is proposed. It is hypothesized that the actionability gap can be filled by increasing patients' knowledge on their healthcare issues. This paper illustrates a conceptual level solution, with more comprehensive testing being carried out in future works to validate existing ideas. Moreover, the inclusion of clinical practice guidelines such as domain knowledge to sort out proper treatments options and a better output presentation in terms of user friendliness shall be applied to upcoming prototypes.
FAR-INFRARED PROPERTIES OF TYPE 1 QUASARS

We use the Spitzer Space Telescope Enhanced Imaging Products and the Spitzer Archival Far-InfraRed Extragalactic Survey to study the spectral energy distributions (SEDs) of spectroscopically confirmed type 1 quasars selected from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS). By combining the Spitzer and SDSS data with the Two Micron All Sky Survey, we are able to construct a statistically robust rest-frame 0.1–100 μm type 1 quasar template. We find that the quasar population is well-described by a single power-law SED at wavelengths less than 20 μm, in good agreement with previous work. However, at longer wavelengths, we find a significant excess in infrared luminosity above an extrapolated power-law, along with significant object-to-object dispersion in the SED. The mean excess reaches a maximum of 0.8 dex at rest-frame wavelengths near 100 μm.
Multi-label Text Classification of German Language Medical Documents

At nearly every patient visit, medical documents are produced and stored in a medical record, often in an unstructured form as free text. The growing amount of stored documents increases the need for effective and timely retrieval of information. We developed a multi-label text classification system to categorize free text medical documents (e.g. discharge letters, clinical findings, reports) written in German into predefined classes. A random sample of 1,500 free text medical documents was retrieved from a general hospital information system and was manually assigned to 1 to 8 categories by a domain expert. This sample was used to train and evaluate the performance of 4 classification schemes: Na ve Bayes, k-NN, SVM, and J48. Additional tests of the effect of text preprocessing were done. In our study, preprocessing improved the performance, and best results were obtained by J48 classification.
Role of Reduced Glutathione on Platelet Functions

Summary The role of reduced glutathione (GSH) on platelet functions was investigated utilizing thiol oxidizing agent, “diamide”. Diamide reacted rapidly with GSH in platelets, but not with protein thiols. Platelets treated with diamide showed inhibition of platelet aggregation induced by ADP, epinephrine and collagen in a concentration dependent manner. Clot retraction was grossly inhibited by diamide. Platelet interaction with polymerizing fibrin was examined by the method of Niewiarowski et al. (1972). There was no interaction observed between diamide-treated platelets and polymerizing fibrin. Ultrastructural observation of clots formed in the presence of diamide also showed no direct contact between platelets and fibrin strands. Platelets retained their granular contents, but showed loss of microtubules and dilatation of open canalicular system. Our findings may further support the idea that GSH plays an important role on platelet functions.