Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Study on Repeatability, Normalization and Feature Selection of Medical Electronic Nose for Lung Cancer Diagnosis

In this paper, we report a medical electronic nose for lung cancer diagnosis used for breath analysis. We use the designed alveolar gas collector to collect the alveolar gas of subjects for the electronic nose experiment. The electronic nose system has completed chemical and exhaled breath tests. The results of chemical tests show the good repeatability of the developed medical electronic nose for lung cancer diagnosis in this paper, and the relative standard deviation (RSD) values of five feature classes are calculated, respectively. In the exhaled breath test, the test data are processed with six normalization methods. It is found that the data classification effect of the data after the quantile normalization is better than that after the other five normalizations. Then, the five feature classes are classified separately, and it is found that the feature class with low RSD value obtained from chemical tests has better classification effect, which provides a new way for feature selection.
Self-Cleaning Micro-Windows for In-Tailpipe Optical Exhaust Gas Measurements

Exhaust gas measurement in the harsh environment of the tailpipe of a combustion engine by optical techniques is a highly robust technique, provided that optical access is maintained in the presence of particulate matter (PM). The considerations are presented for the systematic design of membranes with integrated heaters in SiC-on-Si technology for generating a well-defined lateral temperature profile with peak temperatures above 600 °C. Periodically raising the temperature of the membranes to such a level is demonstrated to keep the surface transparent by oxidation of soot deposits. This paper is about continuous heating of the membrane to a temperature slightly higher than that of the exhaust gas. At such temperatures thermophoretic repulsion of PM allows allows long-term optical measurement in the exhaust without the thermo-mechanical loading by repetitive thermal cycling.
WOx-Based Synapse Device With Excellent Conductance Uniformity for Hardware Neural Networks

Hardware neural networks (HNNs) which use synapse device (SD) arrays show promise as an approach to energy efficient parallel computation of massive vector-matrix multiplication. To maximize the inference accuracy of application-specific HNNs, we propose a highly reliable 2-terminal SD with fixed resistance based on WOx films. First, we investigate the device requirements of an array-based HNN through MATLAB and SPICE simulations taking into account the parasitic resistance effects in the array. On top of that, to fabricate the SD we utilize the intrinsic properties of the WOx film, which exhibits substantial changes in conductivity from 10−8 to 104 Ω−1cm−1 by varying the oxygen vacancy concentration. After the process optimization of oxide stoichiometry and electrode materials, we can form nanoscale WO×-based SDs with excellent conductance uniformity and I-V linearity. Our results show that inference accuracy is significantly improved by using WOx-based SD arrays even in advanced node scaling. Through experimental hardware implementation, 16 × 16 pixel images are correctly classified and we show the potential of WOx-based SD for future large-scale HNN applications.
Neural Networks to Increase Range Resolution of FMCW Radar

Deep learning offers interesting tools for radar data processing. This letter presents a signal processing method using a neural network to increase the range resolution of frequency-modulated continuous wave radar. The duration of the beat signal can be increased in the time domain for a better frequency resolution during conventional spectral estimation. This technique allows the radar bandwidth limitation to be exceeded and improves the sensing performance. A methodology is proposed as well as experimental results on real radar signal.
Accurate Reactive Power Sharing for Microgrid Using Distributed Adaptive Virtual Impedance

Distributed generators (DGs) are usually dispersed along with the microgrids, which may spread out in a wide area, the impedances of transmission lines between every two DGs may be different. Therefore, uneven distribution of reactive power among parallel DG inverters with fixed virtual impedance would be induced eventually, which not only results in decreased system efficiency, but also makes some DGs impossible to operate under their rated power conditions. To address this issue, a distributed adaptive virtual impedance control method, which depends on the reactive power deviation related to their capacity between previous DG inverter and current DG inverter and needs low-bandwidth wireless communication network, for the DG inverters is proposed. With the help of the proposed method, accurate reactive power sharing among DGs under various operating conditions can be obtained regardless of the changes of microgrid structure or the load condition. Furthermore, the proposed control strategy can be implemented directly without any knowledge of the detailed microgrid configuration or the required load power measurement, which decreases the complexity and cost of the system. Finally, the validity and feasibility of the proposed method is finally verified via simulations.
Adaptive Fuzzy Sliding Mode based Torque and Speed Compensator for DTC IM Drive

This paper tries to enhance the performance of torque, speed, and stator current of three-phase induction motor drive (IMD) using adaptive fuzzy sliding mode (AFSM) controllers. The direct torque control (DTC) of IMD is widely used in industry due to its simple operation, minimum response time, and robustness. Operation with Classical DTC using PI controller has difficulties with low operating speed and demerits like high noise level, high ripple in torque, and variable switching frequency. Therefore, to resolve these problems, space vector modulation (SVM) is implemented in classical DTC with PI controller. Further, PI controller is less effective to adapt the speed variations, load changes, and parameter variations that are established by using AFSM control. Therefore, fast speed response and good disturbance rejection are achieved. Much research has been done for AFSM speed controller based DTC IMD. But, in this paper, the DTC-SVM of IMD is developed using AFSM torque controller along with the speed controller and is simulated in MATLAB/Simulink platform. Further, the results are experimentally verified and are compared with that of PI controller based drive so as to show the superiority of the presented controller.
Analysis of Winding Loss and optimization of Inductive Power Transfer Coils

The power transfer efficiency of an Inductive PowerTransfer (IPT) system depends on the magnetic coupling k and the quality factor Q of coils. The product of these factors is often used as Figure of Merit of IPT systems. Usually, factors k and Q have been analyzed in order to maximize them separately. Considering litz-wire coils, in this work an analysis of the product k Q is carried out, which is focused on the dependencies with respect to several parameters as geometry, number of turns, skin and proximity effects, and number of strands. This analysis reveals that the product k Q depends on the copper volume of the coils. An analytical expression for calculating the copper volume which maximizes k Q is also derived. These expressions combine field magnitudes obtained from 3D-FEA simulations, and the formulas of skin and proximity losses of round strands. Several prototypes of coils for the range of 1.5 KW were designed in order to verify the precedent results.
A Matching Game With Discard Policy for Virtual Machines Placement in Hybrid Cloud-Edge Architecture for Industrial IoT Systems

Nowadays, industrial Internet of Things (IIoTs) has gained attention as an emerging application area of the Internet of Things paradigm to improve efficiency and reliability in a wide class of manufacture processes. This article focuses on a combined edge-cloud computing architecture for IIoT systems, and addresses the minimization of both the mean system response time and the number of requests dropping due to a response time greater than their time deadline. The problem is formulated as a matching game with externalities between the edge computing servers, and the applications themselves. The proposed strategy adopts a discard policy with the aim at favoring the IIoT-devices requests with a not-expired deadline. Moreover, a suitable discussion of the matching stability is proposed. Finally, the strategy's validity has been confirmed by the system performance expressed in terms of mean and worst system response time and outage probability, in comparison to methods recently proposed in the literature.
Comparison of Two Real-Time PCR Assays for Apolipoprotein E Genotyping

Yu Jung Jung, Rihwa Choi, Jae-Young Chung, Myoung-Keun Lee, Chang-Seok Ki, and Jong-Won Kim Department of Laboratory Medicine and Genetics, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea Apolipoprotein E (APOE) polymorphisms are used as biological markers to assess the risk of cardiovascular disease, dyslipidemia, and Alzheimer’s disease. Consequently, APOE genotyping is one of the most frequently conducted tests in clinical molecular laboratories. Although APOE genotyping may appear to be uncomplicated and a relatively easy test to perform, genotyping errors can still occur due to polymorphisms near codons 112 and 158 in the human APOE gene. Therefore, validation and verification of APOE genotyping assays before clinical use are essential. So far, we have been using the TaqMan SNP Genotyping Assay (Life Technologies, USA). However, recently, the Real-Q ApoE genotyping kit (BioSewoom, Korea) was approved by the Korean Ministry of Food and Drug Safety, which led us to compare the results obtained from this genotyping kit to those of the TaqMan SNP Genotyping Assay. The Real-Q ApoE genotyping kit yielded correct genotyping results for all six APOE genotypes and provided concordant results with the TaqMan SNP Genotyping Assay in a series of blinded comparison samples. Thus, we validated its use in clinical tests. (J Lab Med Qual Assur 2014;36:157-160)
Towards the Study of High-Frequency Phased Antenna Array Components

This paper presents several projects related to the problems arising when designing and implementing phased antenna array components.The first one is devoted to development of the paradigm framework for designing ends-fed dual-band dipole-like antennas, in which the radiating dipoles are placed parallel to each other and their central points are laid along a straight line like in the classical Yagi-Uda arrangement. The paradigm used is concerned in use of affine transformation study to analyze a multi-band double-dipole arrangement behavior.The second topic highlights the new results on the reentrant in-phase power splitter and band-pass filter. The study concerns in gaining the in-phase output signals by using characteristic impedance matrices analyses.The reentrant devices proposed in the second section can be used when designing active phased arrays. Their implementation by using printed-circuit-board (PCB) technique is out of any issues.The last topic describes the novel approach to design printed antenna arrays, which uses the integration of Butler matrix and ends-fed dipole-like radiators. The crucial element in this arrangement is the newly proposed modified phase shifter.
A rare morphological and immunophenotypic presentation of adult B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia with blasts in the monocytic zone on CD45 side scatter

We present a case of B-acute lymphoblastic leukemia in an elderly patient who presented with severe weakness and pancytopenia. The patient was a 75 year old Female whose blasts had an unusual morphology in form of coarse azurophilic granules and cytoplasmic blebs and on flow cytometry the blasts were present in the bright CD45 zone with a high side scatter. Bone marrow aspirate sample was subjected to multicolour flow cytometry using Beckman Coulter Navios® which is an 8 colour flow cytometer. Flow cytometric analysis of the bone marrow aspirate showed blasts in the monocytic zone with a precursor B cell immunophenotype. Complete blood counts showed pancytopenia with peripheral blood film not showing any blasts. Bone marrow aspirate smears showed 20% blasts with coarse azurophilic granules and cytoplasmic blebs. The position of the blasts in this case which were in monocytic zone giving them a bright expression of CD45 and a high side scatter on the CD45 side scatter. This is not the usual position for blasts in B- acute lymphoblastic leukemia as these blasts are less complex. A bright expression of CD45 by blasts in B- acute lymphoblastic leukemia is known to be associated with a poor prognosis but the clinical significance of blasts being bright CD45 with a high side scatter is a very rare occurrence and more number of cases with a similar presentation are required to determine a prognostic significance.
Spirally Arrayed Electrode for Spatially Selective and Minimally Displacive Peripheral Nerve Interface

The peripheral neural interface (PNI) is a vital technology in robotic prosthesis due to its potential to provide bidirectional communication between the prosthesis and the brain. However, a more efficient trade-off between neural spatial selectivity and invasiveness is still needed. We propose a 32-channel spirally arrayed electrode (SPAE) that achieves high spatial selectivity for the axons in the nerve while minimizing the potential nerve damage. SPAE has an array of probes with multiple electrodes per probe, which reduces the amount of nerve tissue damaged per electrode. This array is spirally inserted into the peripheral nerve, which enables even electrtode distribution and may prevent the constriction of the nerve. The SPAE has an average electrode impedance of 296 $\text{k}\Omega $ with a standard deviation of 52 $\text{k}\Omega $ at 1000 Hz. The SPAE was acutely implanted into the rat sciatic nerve and was able to obtain spontaneous neural signals. The proposed SPAE design could lead to a PNI platform with low invasiveness while achieving high spatial selectivity with the nerve. We believe, with further experimentations and design optimizations, the SPAE could be a promising and beneficial platform to further the study into the peripheral nervous system and the development of robotic prosthesis and its control. [2020-0037]
Management of Blood in the Context of SupplyChain Network

Blood supply chain network design is an approach is a context for management of blood such that considers all of the main factors related to management of blood from donation to the final consumption. Uncertain nature of donation and demand for blood, perishability of blood products, blood collection centers, and the different echelons of blood supply chain are the properties and factors that have a straight effect on the management of blood. This study tries to review these main factors for suitable management of blood.
Stress Hyperglycemia and Mortality in Subjects With Diabetes and Sepsis

Objectives: Poor glycemic control is associated with mortality in critical patients with diabetes. The aim of the study was to assess the predicting value of stress hyperglycemia in patients with diabetes following hospital admission for sepsis. Design: Retrospective observational study. Setting: Adult, emergency department, and critical care in a district hospital. Patients: In a 10-year retrospective analysis of sepsis-related hospitalizations in the emergency department, we carried out a secondary analysis of 915 patients with diabetes (males, 54.0%) in whom both fasting glucose at entry and glycosylated hemoglobin were available. Interventions: None. Measurements and Main Results: Patients’ mean age was 79.0 (sd 11.0), glucose at admission was 174.0 mg/dL (74.3 mg/dL), and glycosylated hemoglobin was 7.7% (1.7%). Stress hyperglycemia was defined by the stress hyperglycemia ratio, that is, fasting glucose concentration at admission divided by the estimated average glucose derived from glycosylated hemoglobin. A total of 305 patients died (33.3%) in hospital. Factors associated with in-hospital case fatality rate were tested by multivariable logistic model. Ten variables predicting outcomes in the general population were confirmed in the presence of diabetes (male sex, older age, number of organ dysfunction diagnoses, in particular cardiovascular dysfunction, infection/parasitic, circulatory, respiratory, digestive diseases diagnosis, and Charlson Comorbidity Index). In addition, also glycemic control (glycosylated hemoglobin: odds ratio, 1.17; 95% CI, 1.15–1.40) and stress hyperglycemia (stress hyperglycemia ratio: 5.25; 3.62–7.63) were significant case fatality rate predictors. High stress hyperglycemia ratio (≥ 1.14) significantly increased the discriminant capacity (area under the receiver operating characteristic curve, 0.864; se, 0.013; p < 0.001). Conclusions: Stress hyperglycemia, even in the presence of diabetes, is predictive of mortality following admission for sepsis. Stress hyperglycemia ratio may be used to refine prediction of an unfavorable outcome.
Characterization of toughness of epoxy based molding compound and its implementation in FEM code

Epoxy based molding compounds are typically used as an encapsulation material. Their role is to protect integrated circuitry from harsh environment. Typically, in standard IC packages we have materials with different coefficient of thermal expansion (CTE). While thermal cycling, the mismatch between the CTE of different materials can lead to delamination at the interface or crack in the bulk. In this study, we investigated experimentally the toughness of an epoxy based molding compound using compact tension specimen. Afterwards we explored different ways of modelling crack initiation and propagation using the two commercially available FEM codes Ansys and Abaqus. We looked at the accuracy of the prediction as well as the performance of each code. This is done to demonstrate the different characteristics of the programs and to get an overview of the applicability of the methods. Our methodology presented in this paper is divided into three parts. First, we experimentally characterized the toughness of the bulk of the epoxy based molding compound in the temperature range between -30°C until 150°C. Only tensile loading condition has been considered (mode I). Afterwards we have characterized the material by using standard analysis techniques such as TMA and DMA. This is required to create a material model for our simulations. Finally, we have created a FEM model and conducted numerical simulations using a 2D model. We investigated different techniques such as virtual crack closure technique (VCCT) and the extended finite element method (XFEM). Numerical simulations are conducted in both Abaqus and Ansys. In both codes the exact same mesh, loading and boundary conditions were used. Element topology in both codes are similar. We looked at the accuracy of the prediction (force-displacement graph), calculated fracture parameters, stresses in the area of the crack-tip and finally calculation times.
The efficacy of vitamin D food fortification and biofortification in children and adults: a systematic review protocol.

OBJECTIVE To assess the effect of vitamin D food fortification and biofortification on serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) concentrations. INTRODUCTION Vitamin D deficiency is a global issue with considerable implications for public health. Many people do not receive sufficient sun exposure for adequate endogenous vitamin D synthesis, nor sufficient dietary vitamin D to meet their requirements. Increasing sun exposure may increase the risk of skin cancer and vitamin D supplementation is not favored as a population-wide solution. Previous systematic reviews have shown a dose-dependent effect of vitamin D-fortified foods on circulating 25(OH)D concentrations. However, previous reviews did not investigate the efficacy of vitamin D fortification and biofortification in children, and several new fortification and biofortification trials in adults have been published since these earlier systematic reviews were conducted. INCLUSION CRITERIA This review will consider randomized controlled trials that investigate the effect of vitamin D food fortification and biofortification on serum 25(OH)D concentrations in children and adults. METHODS CINAHL, MEDLINE, Embase, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials and PubMed will be searched for relevant studies published in English. Following a screening of titles and abstracts by a single author, relevant full-text articles will be independently reviewed by two authors. Two authors will independently assess methodological quality using the JBI System for the Unified Management, Assessment and Review of Information (JBI SUMARI) randomized controlled trials critical appraisal tool. Data will be independently extracted by two authors. A meta-analysis will be conducted in JBI SUMARI, and heterogeneity will be statistically tested.
Endemic plant species in a karstic canyon (Mediterranean region, Turkey) : relation to relief and vegetation diversity

Data collected from 85 sample plots in Yazili Canyon Nature Park (deep, limestone valley; length 6 km, area – 600 ha, height – 100–400 m) located in Mediterranean region (Turkey) yielded 24 endemic vascular plants. The endemic plant diversity and all vascular plant diversity indices were calculated for each sample plot using Simpson index. Regression analysis was performed between environmental factors, plant diversity and canopy closure. Endemic plant diversity showed a positive correlation with vascular plant diversity, and a negative correlation with slope position and altitude. A significant quadric relationship was observed between the endemic plant diversity and aspect variable. RDA (redundancy analysis) and CCA (canonical correspondence analysis) based on linear regressions were applied to determine the environmental factors affecting the distribution of endemic species, and the best model based on total variance explained was selected. According to RDA based on linear regression, habitat selection of endemics is strongly correlated with aspect, slope position and altitude. Lower altitude zone (300–500 m), the north aspect and lower slope including valley bottom of Yazili canyon were observed to be the most suitable areas for endemics.
Modular Data Acquisition Architecture for Thin-Film Sensors Surfaces

Thin-film sensors surfaces are becoming popular to collect data in several specific and complex processes, namely plastic injection or metal stamping, allowing the digitization of such processes through the use of Internet of Things technologies. A particular challenge in such thin-film sensors surfaces is the data acquisition and signal conditioning system, which implementation is complex due to the characteristics of these sensors (e.g., low amplitude and noisy signals), but even more complex when implemented in real industrial processes, which are subject to harsh conditions, namely noise, dirt and aggressive elements. This work describes a modular data acquisition and signals conditioning system for thin-film sensors surfaces, meeting the requirements of scalability, robustness and low-cost, meaning that it can be easily expanded according to the number of sensors required for the application scenario.