Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Interactive comment on “CCN activation and cloud processing in simplified sectional aerosolmodels

This paper examines the relative merits of different approaches that represent the activation of cloud condensation nuclei and their effects on cloud drop number, distribution of sulfate among the cloud drops, and surface area of the aerosol size distribution. The authors determine that aerosols represented with a few aerosol size bins adequately characterizes cloud drop activation especially when the shape of the distribution within a size bin is accounted for.
Investigating the Use of Student Portfolios to Develop Students’ Metacognition in English as a Foreign Language Learning

In this research, it is proposed that student portfolios should be used as a mediated tool in English as a foreign language (EFL) education. It aimed to study to what extend student portfolios could assess and develop students’ metacognition in language learning. A total of 53 Thai secondary students of English were divided into a control and an experimental group. Their attitudes toward language learning were assessed through pre- and post-intervention questionnaires. The students in the experimental group were asked to participate in keeping reflective portfolios, and some of them were chosen to participate in an open-ended interview. The data reveal that the student’s metacognitive beliefs and strategies can be accessed through a written portfolio, though evidence of change in their beliefs and strategies is only limited. The results contribute to the understanding of metacognition development through a mediated tool in language learning, and suggest EFL teachers and language educators to be aware of the importance of metacognition and reflective skills training in order to reach the full potential of the portfolio approach in language learning to be realized.
Transductional Dominant-Set Clustering using Euler Kernels

This thesis is about a study of the behavior of the Dominant-Set clustering (DS) using a measure of similarity that derives from the Euler Kernel (EulerGauss DS), a Kernel which relies on a nonlinear and robust cosine metric that is less sensitive to outliers. Moreover, in order to create a partitional clustering we use graph tranduction to propagate the membership information from the dominant sets to unlabeled data. We perform an extensive experimental evaluation, using both synthetic and real-world datasets, in order to compare Euler-Gauss DS with the DS algorithm using the classic Gaussian Kernels. Furthermore, we compare Euler-Gauss DS with other clustering algorithms, among which another method that relies on the Euler Kernel (Euler k-means). Chapter 1 Introdution Machine learning is the part of Artificial Intelligence that concerns the costruction and the study of systems that are able to learn from data. Machine Learning methods can be divided into three main categories: supervised learning, unsupervised learning and semi-supervised learning methods. Supervised learning methods use a training set, i.e. a set of objects of a chosen domain espressed as a list of features and a label that indicates the membership of the objects to a particular subcategory of the domain, to create a model that can be used to predict the label of objects not in the training set by their features. Semi-supervised learning uses a training set of both labeled and unlabeled data to improve the model. Unsupervised learning studies how systems can extract information about the structure of data without any a priori knowledge about it: Unsupervised learning algorithms manage only unlabeled data. 1.1 The clustering problem Clustering is the most important unsupervised learning problem, and cluster analysis is used in a variety of scientific disciplines such as biology, psychology, medicine, marketing, computer vision and many others. Organizing data into coherent groupings is indeed one of the most fundamental modes of understanding and learning. Given a set of objects, clustering analysis is the task to find information of their structure by generating clusters from this set: a cluster is a subset di objects in which its members are more similar to each other (in a certain sense) than those outside it. Everitt [8] documents the following definitions of a cluster: 1. A cluster is a set of entities which are alike, and entities from different clusters are not alike. 2. A cluster is an aggregation of points in the test space such that the
Angiotensin I-converting enzyme gene plays a crucial role in the pathology of carcinomas in colorectal cancer

Abstract Angiotensin I-Converting Enzyme (ACE, CD143) Gene plays a crucial role in the pathology of carcinomas in many cancers including colorectal cancer (CRC). However, the methylation of ACE was rarely reported. In this study, our purpose was to investigate the methylation status of ACE and explored its prognostic value in CRC. The expression of ACE was detected by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) analysis while the methylation status of ACE was measured via methylation-specific polymerase chain reaction (MSP). The result demonstrated that ACE expression was up-regulated in tumour tissues and HT-29 cells compared with the controls. ACE was also confirmed to be hypomethylated in CRC. Next, we evaluated the influence of ACE hypomethylation on cell growth. It was proved to be a favourable factor for the cell proliferation, cell colony forming, but an inhibitor for the cell apoptosis of CRC cells according to MST assay, colony forming assay and flow cytometry assay. ACE hypomethylation was also considered to be related to the prognosis of CRC through Cox regression analysis. Taken together, the over-expression of ACE was regulated by its hypomethylation and the ACE hypomethylation might be an independent prognostic indicator in CRC.
L\'evy Processes and L\'evy White Noise as Tempered Distributions

We identify a necessary and sufficient condition for a L\'evy white noise to be a tempered distribution. More precisely, we show that if the L\'evy measure associated with this noise has a positive absolute moment, then the L\'evy white noise almost surely takes values in the space of tempered distributions. If the L\'evy measure does not have a positive absolute moment of any order, then the event on which the L\'evy white noise is a tempered distribution has probability zero.
Parliamentary web presence: a comparative review

Parliamentary web presence is seen as a tool designed to buttress a range of key parliamentary functions operating within an overarching democratic framework. Many governments have embarked upon ambitious e-government programmes in the hope of increasing participation. However, there is now a growing realisation that e-government strategies have not achieved the hoped-for success and there is an increasing body of research concerned with analysing these problems. This paper seeks to add to this body of research and draws upon insights provided by usability studies developed to provide an analysis of various parliament websites. It also compares how parliaments of several countries use ICT to increase transparency and to facilitate participation of citizens. As such it is the first of its kind to undertake work of this nature. The paper concludes by arguing for a usability framework for analysing the effectiveness of e-parliaments. This could be used by e-government web designers and architects alike to identify weaknesses, within a specific area, of both the form and content of their parliament and other e-government websites.
Cold water immersion settings for reducing muscle tissue temperature: a linear dose-response relationship.

BACKGROUND Although cold water immersion (CWI) is widely accepted and integrated as a recovery modality in sports practice, questions regarding its proposed working mechanisms remain. This study systematically reviews the existing literature on one the proposed mechanisms of CWI, its effect on muscle tissue temperature, and subsequently tries to identify a dose- response relationship in order to describe an optimal dose. METHODS A systematic literature search (PubMed and Sport Discus) was conducted in October 2017. Dose-response relationships were analysed using linear regression while controlling for possible confounders (muscle measurement depth and immersion position). RESULTS A total of 10 studies, with a total of 104 participants, were included utilizing 26 different CWI protocols. Muscle tissue temperatures were reduced significantly by 24 CWI protocols. A significant, relationship with a medium effect size (r=0.51) was identified between muscle tissue temperature and CWI. The most optimal dose-response relationship, with a large effect size, (r=0.87) was described for CWI protocols using full-body immersion at a measurement depth of 30mm (y=4.051*x+0.535). CONCLUSIONS CWI can decrease muscle tissue temperature significantly if a minimum CWI dose of 1.1 is applied, corresponding with an immersion of 11 minutes with a water temperature of 10°C.
A Systematic Review of Effective Intercultural Communication in Mental Health

Purpose of the Research: Effective intercultural communication between patients and clinicians is essential for the delivery of high quality health care. To date, there has been no systematic assessment of empirical literature on effective communication within a mental health context, despite theoretical models purporting certain criteria make health communications more effective. The current research aims to determine factors which aid or hinder communication effectiveness in such a context, and to see whether the literature supports Teal and Street’s (2009) theoretical model specifically. Additionally, the review considered the role of language disparity between patients and clinicians within the mental health context. Method: Electronic databases Medline, Psych Info and Web of Science were searched using an optomised search strategy in June 2014. Studies were considered where intercultural communication between a clinician and patient was a primary focus. To meet inclusion the papers needed to be empirical in nature, written in English, peerreviewed and of sound quality. Data relating to the study type and analysis used, characteristics of participants (both patients and clinicians), cultural and communication information were extracted. Results: Eight papers were included in the final review. The results largely support Teal and Street’s model and highlight that nonverbal and verbal behaviour skills, recognition of cultural differences, incorporating cultural knowledge, alongside negotiation and collaboration with patients and family members, all aid in effective communication. Additionally, language barriers were found to pose a significant barrier to communication. The quantity of current literature investigating the effectiveness of intercultural communication specifically within a mental health setting is limited, highlighting the need for further investigation.
The Influence of Reference Groups on Alcohol Consumption : A Tri-Country , Social Marketing Study of Young Women

The purpose of our tri-country, social marketing study was to compare and contrast the influence of reference groups on alcohol consumption among young women attending university. With risky alcohol consumption highly prevalent among young women, our study examined reference group influence on those that consume alcohol responsibly as well as those who do not. Our self-administered quantitative survey was administered in three countries – Australia (n=305); Germany (n=325) and Wales (n=354). Multinominal and binomial logistic regression found that both subjective and group norm influenced the consumption of alcohol by young women in Wales. In Germany, group norm was not a significant predictor of alcohol consumption in contrast to Australia, where group norm influenced low-risk, risky and high-risk alcohol consumption.
Brittle deformation in the inner NW Alps: from early orogen‐parallel extrusion to late orogen‐perpendicular collapse

Internal parts of the Alps have undergone widespread extensional deformation in the course of their Neogene exhumation history. Palaeostress inversion methods are used to map the prevailing stress fields and their evolution through time. Here we present new data from 100 sites with a total of about 2000 faults/striae couples, covering a large portion of the inner north‐western Alps. Palaeostress tensors are mostly extensional, although one‐third of them are transcurrent. The dominant direction of minimum horizontal stress axes (σ3) is in an orogen‐parallel (N30° to N70°) orientation around the bend of the north‐west alpine arc. A comparison between this older (Neogene, post‐metamorphic) stress field with the current stress and strain field determined from seismotectonics and geodesy indicates a change in deformation mode from early orogen‐parallel extrusion to a late and ongoing orogen‐perpendicular spreading.
Optimizing Yoghurt-Ice Cream Mix Blend in Soy Based Frozen Yoghurt

Yoghurt ice cream (YIC) or frozen yoghurt dessert can be regarded as a healthy alternative to plain ice cream. Also use of soy derived products in food formulations can lead to the development of products of improved nutritional and health promoting values. Yoghurt ice cream was prepared using full-fat soy flour to substitute 55% of non fat dry milk content. Product formulation comprised of 12% SNF, 10% fat, 18% sucrose, 0.4% stabilizer-emulsifier and 0.1% vanillin. The effect of incorporating yoghurt at the rate of 5.3%,15.9%, 26.5%, 37.1% and 47.7% of the total ice cream mix on the flow behavior, physico-chemical and sensory properties of Yoghurt Ice Cream was evaluated as compared with control, devoid of any yoghurt. The mixes all showed pseudoplastic flow behavior, with the viscosity increasing from 0.7 to 1.57 pa s when the yoghurt content increased from 0 to 47.7%. Higher contents of yoghurt in the mixes significantly improved the melting rate of the yoghurt ice cream where the minimum melting rate (16%) was obtained for the sample of 47.7% yoghurt content. The highest overrun value of 58% was obtained for the sample containing 15.9% yoghurt. However the specific gravity of the product decreased with increasing yoghurt content with the highest specific gravity of 1.108 being recorded for control. In the light of these findings, it can be concluded that yoghurt ice cream, containing full fat soy flour, can be successfully made by incorporating 25.6% yoghurt in the mix with the end product maintaining its acceptable sensory characteristics.
Influence of the Phase on the Entanglement between a Jaynes-Cummings Atom and an Isolated Atom

A scheme is presented to generate an entangled atomic state, for which the quantum phase a ects the atom atom entanglement when the atom interacts with external light elds. The quantum phase enhances the entanglement and extends the time that the system stays in stronger entanglement state or the phase makes the system more robust. It is also shown that the quantum phase is able to delay the entanglement sudden death and hasten the entanglement revival.
Binary Clustering Problems: Symmetric, Asymmetric and Decomposition Formulations

In this paper, we generalize the Asymmetric Representatives Formulation, which was first introduced by Campêlo et al. (2008) for the Node Coloring Problem. The main idea from this formulation can be used to model a variety of Binary Clustering Problems. The new asymmetric decision variables indicate if an object belongs to a specific cluster, but the cluster is identified by the lowest indexed object. The advantage of this formulation is that it eliminates the symmetry between the clusters which exists in the classical formulation. We prove that the LP relaxation bound of the Asymmetric Representatives Formulation is at least as good as the one from the classical Symmetric Formulation. We further show that applying Dantzig-Wolfe decomposition to the classical Symmetric Formulation or to the Asymmetric Representatives Formulation leads to the same symmetry-breaking model, and hence the same LP bound that can be much stronger. Finally, we show that in specific cases, the LP relaxation bound of the Asymmetric Representatives Formulation depends on the order of the input data.
Consensus of best practice in intrauterine contraception in France

Abstract Objective: Our aim was to provide a consensus of best practice in intrauterine contraception (IUC) for French practitioners. Methods: A meeting of 38 gynaecologists was held to establish a consensus of best practice in IUC, using the validated nominal group (NG) method to reach consensus. Seventy questions were posed covering insertion, monitoring and removal of IUC devices. Two working groups were formed and all proposals were voted on, discussed and approved by the NG. Results: Of the 70 questions asked, answers to only four failed to reach NG consensus. While, in general, the IUC practices of French gynaecologists are in line with international guidelines, some notable differences were identified: for example, when to use the levonorgestrel-releasing intrauterine system versus the copper intrauterine device; practice recommendations in the event of upper genital tract infections; and immediate postpartum insertion. Clinicians are encouraged to inform women about IUC, irrespective of their age or parity. In general, the wishes and characteristics of the woman must be the main criteria informing the choice of IUC, once all potential contraindications have been excluded and information about IUC shared. Conclusions: This consensus paper is intended to update and standardise knowledge about IUC for health care professionals, to address any reticence about use of this contraceptive method.
Light acclimation and photosynthetic response of beech (Fagus sylvatica L.) saplings under artificial shading or natural Mediterranean conditions

L'acclimatation du hetre (Fagus sylvatica L.) a la lumiere a ete etudiee dans des regenerations naturelles sous couvert de pin noir d'Autriche (Pinus nigra ssp. nigricans) dans le Mont-Ventoux et chez des jeunes plants en pots - de meme origine - sous tunnels ombrages dans le sud de la France (Avignon, Vaucluse) et dans le nord-est de la France (Nancy, Meurthe-et-Moselle). La masse specifique foliaire et la teneur en carbone par unite de masse foliaire augmentent avec l'eclairement relatif (RI) alors que la teneur en azote par unite de masse foliaire (N m ) reste constante. La vitesse maximale de carboxylation (V cmax ) et le flux maximum d'electrons (J max ) augmentent avec RI et sont plus eleves dans les regenerations naturelles que chez les plants en pots. Ces deux parametres sont plus eleves pour les plants en pots du nord-est que ceux du sud de la France. L'allocation de l'azote foliaire aux processus de carboxylation (P r ) ou bioenergetiques (P b ) ne varie pas avec RI. P r et P b sont plus eleves pour les regenerations naturelles que pour les plants en pots alors que N m est plus basse pour les regenerations naturelles que pour les plants en pots qui ont ete fertilises. L'evolution saisonniere de ces parametres, pour les regenerations naturelles du Mont-Ventoux, depuis le debourrement jusqu'au debut de la secheresse estivale montre que, apres la phase d'expansion des feuilles, la composition foliaire et les parametres photosynthetiques restent globalement constants.
Mapping Spatiotemporal Microproteomics Landscape in Experimental Model of Traumatic Brain Injury Unveils a link to Parkinson's Disease*

A spatiotemporal microproteomics analysis was applied to an experimental model of TBI within the first 10-day window post injury. Proteomics profiles linked to systems biology analysis revealed that the brain protein profile is restored to noninjured conditions at 10 days after injury. Analyzing the substantia nigra after 3 days of injury, the ipsilateral hemisphere substantia nigra revealed an upregulation of several proteins previously reported in Parkinson's disease, thus further suggesting a link between TBI and Parkinson's disease at 3 days. Graphical Abstract Highlights Spatiotemporal microproteomics analysis of TBI. Injury site microproteomics reveal distinct phases in 10-day frame post TBI. Uninjured proteomic profile is restored in TBI at 10 days post injury. Substantia nigra protein post 3 days suggest link to Parkinson's disease. Traumatic brain injury (TBI) represents a major health concerns with no clinically-approved FDA drug available for therapeutic intervention. Several genomics and neuroproteomics studies have been employed to decipher the underlying pathological mechanisms involved that can serve as potential neurotherapeutic targets and unveil a possible underlying relation of TBI to other secondary neurological disorders. In this work, we present a novel high throughput systems biology approach using a spatially resolved microproteomics platform conducted on different brain regions in an experimental rat model of moderate of controlled cortical injury (CCI) at a temporal pattern postinjury (1 day, 3 days, 7 days, and 10 days). Mapping the spatiotemporal landscape of signature markers in TBI revealed an overexpression of major protein families known to be implicated in Parkinson's disease (PD) such as GPR158, HGMB1, synaptotagmin and glutamate decarboxylase in the ipsilateral substantia nigra. In silico bioinformatics docking experiments indicated the potential correlation between TBI and PD through alpha-synuclein. In an in vitro model, stimulation with palmitoylcarnitine triggered an inflammatory response in macrophages and a regeneration processes in astrocytes which also further confirmed the in vivo TBI proteomics data. Taken together, this is the first study to assess the microproteomics landscape in TBI, mainly in the substantia nigra, thus revealing a potential predisposition for PD or Parkinsonism post-TBI.
Effectiveness of social-psychological interventions at promoting breastfeeding initiation, duration and exclusivity: a systematic review and meta-analysis

ABSTRACT Evidence for the health benefits of breastfeeding is well substantiated but breastfeeding uptake and duration remains low worldwide. Individual level breastfeeding promotion programmes are behavioural interventions, targeting malleable social-psychological processes to change behaviour. This systematic review aimed to investigate whether such interventions are effective at improving breastfeeding initiation, duration and exclusivity, and breastfeeding support. A three-stage search strategy identified eligible articles from six databases. Nine controlled-clinical trials and 11 quasi-experimental trials were included. Random-effects meta-analyses identified significant improvements in rates of breastfeeding initiation (N = 2,213; OR = 2.32, 95% CI [1.33, 4.03], p = .003; I 2 = 0%, p = .966) and suggested improved exclusive breastfeeding rates up to six months postpartum (N = 3,671; OR = 1.84, 95% CI [1.38, 2.45], p < .001; I 2 = 68.7%, p < .001). After considering small-sample effects, estimates for exclusive breastfeeding across the postpartum period were non-significant. There were no improvements in women maintaining any (i.e., non-exclusive) breastfeeding to one, two, three, four or six months postpartum (N = 4,153; OR = 0.88, 95% CI [0.72, 1.09], p = .253). Evidence for improvements in perceived and actual breastfeeding support was limited. Sub-group analyses suggest standalone postnatal interventions targeting first-time mothers may support breastfeeding uptake. Findings should be interpreted cautiously as the quality of evidence for each outcome was low with a high risk of bias. Future efforts to support women to breastfeed should assimilate behaviour change research, with process evaluation to identify effective processes to inform a high-quality evidence-base for implementation in practice.