Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Correlation of fine needle aspiration cytology and histopathology in the diagnosis of salivary gland lesions in a tertiary care hospital in the Southern part of Assam: a 2 year observational study

Background: Fine Needle Aspiration Cytology (FNAC) of the salivary gland is one of the most challenging in the field of cytopathology due to the wide spectrum of lesions. There is significant cytomorphologic diversity and overlap between many benign and malignant salivary gland tumours. Though FNAC is quite an effective tool for the diagnosis of salivary gland lesions, it has always been under scrutiny and histopathology continues to be the final method to establish a diagnosis. Methods: A total of 80 patients who presented with clinical diagnosis of salivary gland mass at the Department of Pathology, SMCH, Assam from August 2017 to August 2019 were included in the study. FNAC was performed in all the cases and the cytological findings were correlated with that of the histopathological findings (wherever possible). Results: The median age group of patients was in the range of 30-40 years (30%). 60 patients underwent surgical procedure and hence histopathological correlation could be done in these patients. Among the various diagnosis in FNAC, benign tumours constitute the majority with 36 cases (60%). The most commonly involved benign tumour was pleomorphic adenoma (27 cases). The overall sensitivity, specificity & diagnostic accuracy of FNAC were found to be 87.3%, 93.9% and 93.33% respectively. Conclusions: FNAC is a safe, reliable, time saving, cost-effective, convenient and accurate method and should be considered as one of the pivotal investigations in the evaluation of salivary gland lesions.
Predictors of Frequent Rehospitalisation in Psychiatric Facilities: Article Review

Psychiatric rehospitalisation is a public health problem that directly affects psychiatric interdisciplinary team and health care system due to health care overutilization. The World Health Organization (WHO) has already reported that mental illnesses are the leading causes of disability and depression alone accounts for one third of this disability. Author reviewed multiple articles to extract current available evidence for reasons of psychiatric rehospitalisation, found various reasons such as very short hospitalization, patients with an affective disorder, specific type of comorbidities such as substance use disorders, young age; female gender, personality disorders, unemployment, and various psychosocial stressors are also associated with psychiatric rehospitalisation. Author believes that extra measures during hospital course and addressing avoidable reasons for frequent rehospitalisation can prevent health care over utilization and benefit psychiatric patients, their families and support system. Objective: Review articles to extract common reasons for frequent rehospitalisation in psychiatric facilities.
Segmentation of Handwritten Tamil Character from Palm Script using Histogram Approach

Tamil Palm script character segmentation is one of the difficult phases in machine recognition. Tamil is the most popular script in India. Tamil palm script consist of vowels, consonants and various modifiers. Individual letter decides the accuracy of character recognition technique hence proper segmentation is needed. This paper presents an image segmentation of Tamil handwriting from palm leaf manuscripts. The process is includes of three steps: background elimination t o separate text by Otsu‘s algorithm, line segmentation and character segmentation. A simple histogram based approach to segment Tamil palm script character is proposed in this paper. Various challenges in segmentation of Tamil script are also discussed.
FORMULATION AND EVALUATION OF MALTODEXTRIN BASED PRONIOSOMES LOADED WITH INDOMETHACIN

This report describes the preparation of indomethacin loaded maltodextrin based proniosome by slurry method with different surfactant to cholesterol ratio. Preparation of proniosome was optimized for highest percentage drug entrapment. Microscopy confirms that all particles are uniform in size and shape. The entrapment efficiency was determined by separating the untrapped drug using dialysis. The in vitro release studies of drug from niosomes exhibited a prolonged release as studied over a period of 24 h. The positive values of zeta potential indicated that the indomethacin niosomes were stabilized by electrostatic repulsion forces. In the stability study it was observed that the drug leakage from the vesicles was least at 4° followed by 25° and 37°. On the basis of in vitro characterization, the niosome showing maximum entrapment and suitable release rate were selected for in vivo performance evaluation. In conclusion, the niosomal formulation could be a promising delivery system for indomethacin with improved bioavailability and prolonged drug release profile.
The Review of The Automatic Caption Generation for News Articles and Personal Photos

— Our project thinks about with the task of mechanically generating captions for pictures, which is vital for several image connected applications. Examples embrace video and image retrieval similarly because the development of tools that aid visually impaired people to access pictorial info. Their approach leverages the large resource of pictures available on the online and also the indisputable fact that several of them are captioned and collocated with thematically connected documents. Content choice identifies what the image and accompanying article are regarding, whereas surface realization determines the way to verbalize the chosen content. They approximate content choice with a probabilistic image annotation model that implies keywords for a picture. The model postulates that pictures and their matter descriptions are generated by a shared set of latent variables (topics) and is trained on a weekly labelled dataset (which treats the captions and associated news articles as image labels). Impressed by recent add account, they propose extractive and theoretical surface realization models. Experimental results show that it's viable to get captions that are pertinent to the specific content of a picture and its associated article, whereas allowing ability within the description.
BURDEN OF CHRONIC MALNUTRITION AND ASSOCIATED FACTORS AMONG UNDER FIVE CHILDREN IN EASTERN ZONE OF TIGRAY, NORTHERN ETHIOPIA; A COMMUNITY BASED CROSS SECTIONAL STUDY

Introduction: Malnutrition is insufficient, excessive or imbalance consumption of dietary energy and nutrients. Children that are malnourished tend to have increased risk of morbidity and mortality and often suffer delayed mental development, poor school performances and reduced intellectual achievement. Malnutrition is responsible, directly or indirectly, for 54% of the 10.8 million deaths per year in children under five. The objective of this study is to assess the burden of chronic malnutrition and associated factors among under five children in three randomly selected Districts of Easetrn zone of Tigray. Method: A community based cross sectional study was used and it was conducted between May 1/2014 and January 30/2015 in Eastern zone of Tigray, Northern Ethiopia. A total of three Districts from the zone and six Tabias from each district were selected by simple random sampling technique/lottery system. A total of 796 children were selected by simple random sampling method. Primary data was collected by a combination of structured questionnaire and collection of anthropometric data. The data was entered in to Epi-Info 3.5. 1; cleaned and all errors/outliers were corrected. Then the data was transported to SPSS 16.0 for final analysis and anthropometric data was analyzed using ENA for SMART software. Binomial and multinomial logistic regression analyses were performed to identify factors associated with chronic malnutrition (stunting). Result: data was collected from all of the 796 children indicating 100% response rate. The prevalence of stunting among the study participants was 57.03%. Age of children below 12 months and frequency of diarrhea per year were significantly associated with stunting with AOR of 1.74 and 3.14 respectively. Conclusion: Age of children below 12 months and frequency of diarrhea per year were significantly associated with stunting.
Performance Evaluation of Precoded-STBC over Rayleigh Fading Channel using BPSK & QPSK Modulation Schemes

— Alamouti code is a simple space-time code that can be used for transmit diversity systems. This is a class of easily decoded space-time codes that achieve full diversity order in Rayleigh fading channels. Alamouti exist only for certain numbers of transmit antennas and do not provide array gain like diversity techniques that exploit transmit channel information. When channel state information (CSI) is available at the transmitter, though, precoding the space-time codeword can be used to support different numbers of transmit antennas. The proposed work in this paper involves a transmitted signal consists of a precode followed by Alamouti code. A new design criterion and a corresponding design method of precoders are proposed which shows comparison of bit error rate (BER) performance of Alamouti STBC and Precoded Alamouti in Zero Forcing and MMSE equalization techniques. The Rayleigh fading channel is used as modulation channel.
Treatment of Irritable Bowel Syndrome

Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is a chronic and devastating functional gastrointestinal disorder that affects 9%-23% of the population across the world. The percentage of patients pursuing health care related to IBS approaches 12% in primary care practices and is by far the largest subgroup seen in gastroenterology clinics. It has been well recognized that these patients show a poorer quality of life and use the health care system more than patients without this diagnosis. The pathophysiology of IBS is not clear. Many concepts have been put forward, but the exact reason of IBS is still unclear. According to the updated ROME IV standards, IBS is a clinical diagnosis and presents as one of the four predominant subtypes: (1) IBS with constipation (IBS-C); (2) IBS with diarrhea (IBS-D); and (3) mixed IBS (IBS-M); former ROME definitions refer to IBS-M as alternating IBS (IBS-A); (4) unclassified IBS (IBS-U) . Through the IBS subtypes, the presentation of symptoms may differ between patients and change over time. Patients report the most stressful symptoms to be abdominal pain, straining, myalgias, urgency, bloating and feelings of severe disease. The difficulty and diversity of IBS presentation makes treatment difficult. Even though there are reviews and guidelines for treating IBS, they focus on the efficacy of medications for IBS symptoms using high-priority endpoints, leaving those of lower priority largely unreported. Accordingly, the purpose of this review is to provide a comprehensive evidence-based review of the diagnosis and treatment of IBS.
Vesicular drug delivery system used for liver diseases

Liver has an essential role in the regulation of physiological process. It is involved in several vital functions such as storage, secretion, metabolism and detoxification of a variety of drugs. Liver diseases are mainly caused by either toxic chemicals (certain antibiotics, peroxides oil, aflatoxin, carbon tetrachloride chlorinated hydrocarbons etc), excess consumption of alcohol. The application of vesicular system in drug delivery has changed the definitions of diagnosis and treatment in different aspects of biomedical field. The vesicular system as liposomes, niosomes, sphinosomes, transferosomes and pharmacosomes are used to improve the therapeutic index of both existing and new drug molecules by encapsulating an active medicament inside vesicular structure in one such system. It prolongs the existence of the drug in systemic circulation and finally reduces the toxicity. In this review we really focused on different aspects of vesicular system in used in treatment of liver disease. Kew words: Vesicular system, Liver diseases
User Behavior Analysis Based On Predictive Recommendation System for E-Learning Portal

Web page access prediction has increased its importance in the field of e-commerce, e-learning systems and e-businesses. And involves personalizing the Web users’ browsing experiences, helps in the improvement of the Web site structure and Web users in navigating the site and accessing the information they need. As the information grows on the Web, the need of recommendation systems to ease user navigations becomes important. In general term, if any system can predict what a user look for in web domain then this kind of system is known as Recommendation System. As we know that the Web is becoming a vast and preferred source of information retrieval. [1] It is required that the retrieved data is of users interest and should be related to what the user have queried. So there are many recommendation systems that suggest the items of their interest. Such kind of system design is known as collaborative filtering technique of recommendation system design. In order to implement the desired system a clustering technique and a predictive algorithm is required. Thus K-mean clustering algorithm and Hidden Markov Model is employed. Implementing this helps to predict the next page to be accessed by the Web user based on the user’s previous browsing patterns i.e. to know the users behaviour pattern to increase accuracy and decrease space complexity.
Real Time Monitoring of Daily Calorie Expenditure Using Smart Phone

— On a growing scale we use mobile phones for diverse activities in our daily life, such as entertainment, education or information purposes. The main objective of the project is to develop an android application to track the user physical activity and estimate his energy expenditure using 3axis accelerometer and GPS in a smart phone with android operating system. To implement this system, an android application was developed to collect accelerometer data, feature extraction, activity recognition and calorie estimation in android SDK. Here the users performed activities such as running, Cycling, walking etc by keeping the phone in the pants pocket and then are classified user activities on the basis of frequency component present in the acceleration data . The significance of this work is that, without any extra sensor this lets us to get useful information about the daily activity of users and their energy expenditure just by having them carry their smart phones in their pockets .
Improving Efficiency in WSN using Multihead Node Selection

: In this paper, a three-layer framework is proposed for mobile data collection in wireless sensor networks, which includes the sensor layer, cluster head layer, and mobile collector (called SenCar) layer. The framework employs distributed load balanced clustering and dual data uploading, which is referred to as LBC-DDU. The objective is to achieve good scalability, long network lifetime and low data collection latency. At the sensor layer, a distributed load balanced clustering (LBC) algorithm is proposed for sensors to self-organize themselves into clusters. In contrast to existing clustering methods, our scheme generates multiple cluster heads in each cluster to balance the work load and facilitate dual data uploading. At the cluster head layer, the inter-cluster transmission range is carefully chosen to guarantee the connectivity among the clusters. Multiple cluster heads within a cluster cooperate with each other to perform energy-saving inter-cluster communications. Through inter-cluster transmissions, cluster head information is forwarded to SenCar for its moving trajectory planning. At the mobile collector layer, SenCar is equipped with two antennas, which enables two cluster heads to simultaneously upload data to SenCar in each time by utilizing multi-user multiple-input and multiple-output (MU-MIMO) technique. The results show that when each cluster has at most two cluster heads, LBC-DDU achieves over 50 percent energy saving per node and 60 percent energy saving on cluster heads comparing with data collection through multi-hop relay to the static data sink, and 20 percent shorter data collection time compared to traditional mobile data gathering. This system provides much better efficiency as compared to SISO system.
PERFORMANCE TESTING: IMPROVISED WEB SERVICE TESTING TOOL

: With today’s changing trends and technology the web services technology is one of the most significant web technologies. Due to the rapid popularization of web application i.e. web is evolving and expanding continuously and so are its services, the web application performance testing is gaining wide attention. Users interact with web services by means of Internet and as a result web services are getting more complex but are also easily accessible and usable by user. Hence, it is considered as an important topic in the field of software testing. This has motivated the web experts to propose different methods and different tools to test the new web services efficiently. In this paper we present a tool supported approach to perform efficient performance testing of a web service. This paper investigated open source web service testing tool Httprider for the lack of parameter i
Methanolic Extract of Red Ginseng Marc Induces Apoptosis on Human Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma HSC-3

Amino acid contents of glutamic acid leucine in red ginseng marc (RGM) were higher than in ginseng body and root, Red ginseng, but the amount of arginine in RGM contains high amount of fiber and polysaccharides. This study examined whether or not methanolic extract of red ginseng marc (RGME) induces apoptosis in the human oral squamous cell carcinoma (HSC-3) along with the possible mechanism (s) of the RGME-mediated cytotoxicity. Cytotoxicity and apoptosis induction of HSC-3 cells were evidenced by MTT assay, cell morphology alteration, apoptosis enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, flow cytometric analysis, caspase-3 activity, and protein expression by Western blotting after RGME treatment for 24 h. The RGME induced the cell death of HSC-3 cells via apoptosis, as evidenced by the increased cell population in the sub-G1 phase, the appearance of condensed and/or fragmented nuclei, and the generation of a cleaved PARP product and characterized by activation of caspase-3. The efficacious induction of apoptosis was observed as a dosedependent manner. The treatment of the cells with the RGME also induced changes in the mitochondrial level of the Bcl-2 family proteins such as Bcl-2 and Bax. Furthermore, the RGME increased the phosphorylation of ERK, and phospho-p38 MAPK at the same concentrations. The RGME inhibited the nuclear translocation of NF-κB by suppressing the degradation of IκB-α. Our findings clearly demonstrate that RGME induces G1 arrest, activates the MAPKs, inhibits NF-κB, and induces apoptosis of HSC-3 cells. These results strongly suggest that red ginseng marc might have cancer inhibition and therapeutic potential. Keywords— Apoptosis, Mitochondrial pathway, Caspases, MAPKs signal pathway, Cell cycles, NF-κB, Red ginseng marc
Design Robust Data Integrity Scheme in Cloud Computing Based on Image Histogram and Crypto-Hash Function

: Cloud technologies are revolution in computing world which support on demand access to several virtualized customers and servers which are existed outside of data owner's center. In this computing model, the databases and applications of data owners are arise to the unified large data centers and may be lead to many security issues in the management of data and services. Preserving the secrecy and reliability of the message communicated between the main elements of Cloud considers one of the significant aims of Message Authentication Code (MAC). In this paper, we propose a robust scheme based on image histogram and Crypto-hash function to check the integrity of data message between sender and receiver. This scheme is selected the pixels that located in top peak of histogram to generate more efficient message capacity. As well as, our proposed scheme includes many security features such as resisting the well-known attacks, user's message anonymity, session key agreement, and data integrity for user's message. The security analysis proves that the proposed scheme can resist the public security malicious attacks such as Insider attacks, key recovery attack. Finally, our scheme is efficient in terms of performance.
An Overview on Hepatitis and its Prevention

Hepatitis means inflammation of the liver. The liver is just one of several organs that the viruses affect. There are several hepatitis viruses; they have been named types A, B, C, D, E and G. The most common types of viral hepatitis are HAV, HBV and HCV. The different hepatitis are transmitted by various routes such as Parenteral transmission, Sexual transmission, sporadic cases, Transmission via blood transfusion. There are some non viral causes such as Parental transmission, Alcohol. The different sign and symptoms observed in the hepatitis are fatigue flu-like symptoms dark urine pale stool abdominal pain loss of appetite. Hepatitis can be diagnosed in different methods such as Physical Exam, Liver Biopsy, Liver Function Tests, Ultrasound, Blood Tests and Viral Antibody Testing. Hepatitis vaccines are generally used to control the hepatitis caused by different modes.
Solar Energy Harvesting Protocol for Wireless Sensor Networks

Renewable energy sources play a major role in energy saving, thus it becomes the actual hope to improve one of the major challenges for the Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs), which is network lifetime, especially when sensor nodes are placed in non-accessible human areas. Solar Energy Harvesting (SEH) is one of the most abundant and accessible types of renewable energy, which is produced by collecting sunlight and converting it into electricity. This paper proposes vaccinating the Low-Loss Low-Energy Adaptive Clustering Hierarchy Centralized Protocol (LLEACH-C), by SEH sensor nodes, to improve its lifetime, the protocol that proposed a Vice Cluster Head Mechanism (VCHM) for cluster head recovery during the round operation. That produced a new protocol called Solar Low-Loss Low-Energy Adaptive Clustering Hierarchy Centralized Protocol (SLLEACH-C). From simulation results; SLLEACH-C succeeded in increasing the network lifetime by on average 79%, and decreases the Packets Loss by on average 85%. It was observed that the VCHM needs to be improved to become more suitable for SEH environment, therefore the Enhanced SLLEACH-C (ESLLEACH-C) protocol was proposed, which uses Solar Cluster Head Recovery Mechanism (SCHRM), for recovering cluster head during round operation. From simulation results; ESLLEACH-C succeeded in increasing the network lifetime by on average 13.5%, and decreases the Packet Loss by on average 93% than SLLEACH-C. Also this paper cares about studying the effect of the average number of SEH nodes on the network performance.