Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Akut Tonsillofarenjitte Etyolojik Tanıda Akılcı Laboratuvar

In the differential diagnosis of acute tonsillopharyngitis; streptococci, especially group A streptococci, nonspecific viral tonsillopharyngitis, infectious mononucleosis, herpes simplex virus (HSV), and enteroviruses, adenoviruses may be seen. In addition, many microorganisms (viral such as influenza and RSV, and other bacteria such as chlamydia, mycoplasma, diphtheria, pertussis) may present like tonsillopharyngitis as a part of their typical disease tables. This question will focus on laboratory approaches especially to group A Streptococcus (GAS) tonsillopharyngitis viral tonsillopharyngitis and Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) tonsillopharyngitis which constitute a very important part of cases practically. It is useful that the physician who examines the patient knows that the history and clinical findings are very important and that a significant part of the cases may not require laboratory examination.
A Case of Fusobacterium necrophorum without Lemierre's Syndrome Mimicking Acute Leptospirosis

Jaundice, conjunctival hyperemia, and acute kidney injury (AKI) are the characteristics of leptospirosis. However, it is not well known that Fusobacterium necrophorum infection can have a clinical picture similar to that of leptospirosis. A 38-year-old man was admitted with jaundice, conjunctival hyperemia, and AKI for 7 days. Chest CT scan showed multiple pulmonary nodules, atypical for leptospirosis. We started treatment with IV piperacillin-tazobactam and minocycline. He became anuric and was urgently started on hemodialysis on the second hospital day. Later on, blood cultures grew Fusobacterium necrophorum and other anaerobic bacteria. Antibody and PCR assays for Leptospira were negative. We narrowed the antibiotics to IV ceftriaxone and metronidazole. He responded well to the treatment and was discharged on the 18th hospital day. F. necrophorum infection is known to cause mixed infection with other anaerobic bacteria. The resistance of many anaerobic bacteria continues to progress, and F. necrophorum itself sometimes produces β-lactamase. This case highlights the potential risks of using penicillin before diagnosis of leptospirosis.
Lysophospholipid (LPA) receptors (version 2019.4) in the IUPHAR/BPS Guide to Pharmacology Database

Lysophosphatidic acid (LPA) receptors (nomenclature as agreed by the NC-IUPHAR Subcommittee on Lysophospholipid Receptors [50, 18]) are activated by the endogenous phospholipid LPA. The first receptor, LPA1, was identified as ventricular zone gene-1 (vzg-1) [38], leading to deorphanisation of members of the endothelial differentiation gene (edg) family as other LPA receptors along with sphingosine 1-phosphate (S1P) receptors. Additional LPA receptor GPCRs were later identified. Gene names have been codified as LPAR1, etc. to reflect the receptor function of proteins. The crystal structure of LPA1 was solved and demonstrates extracellular LPA access to the binding pocket, consistent with proposed delivery via autotaxin [12]. These studies have also implicated cross-talk with endocannabinoids via phosphorylated intermediates that can also activate these receptors. The identified receptors can account for most, although not all, LPA-induced phenomena in the literature, indicating that a majority of LPA-dependent phenomena are receptor-mediated. Binding affinities of unlabeled, natural LPA and AEAp to LPA1 were measured using backscattering interferometry (pKd = 9) [73]. Binding affinities were 77-fold lower than than values obtained using radioactivity [111]. Targeted deletion of LPA receptors has clarified signalling pathways and identified physiological and pathophysiological roles. Independent validation by multiple groups has been reported in the peer-reviewed literature for all six LPA receptors described in the tables, including further validation using a distinct read-out via a novel TGFα "shedding" assay [45]. LPA has also been described as an agonist for the transient receptor potential (Trp) ion channel TRPV1 [76] and TRPA1 [53]. LPA was originally proposed to be a ligand for GPCR35, but data show that in fact it is a receptor for CXCL17 [68]. All of these proposed non-GPCR receptor identities require confirmation and are not currently recognized as bona fide LPA receptors.
Team UMBC-FEVER : Claim verification using Semantic Lexical Resources

We describe our system used in the 2018 FEVER shared task. The system employed a frame-based information retrieval approach to select Wikipedia sentences providing evidence and used a two-layer multilayer perceptron to classify a claim as correct or not. Our submission achieved a score of 0.3966 on the Evidence F1 metric with accuracy of 44.79%, and FEVER score of 0.2628 F1 points.
Nonsyndromic Split-Hand/Foot Malformation: Recent Classification

Split-hand/foot malformation (SHFM) is a genetic limb anomaly disturbing the central rays of the autopod. SHFM is a genetically heterogeneous disorder with variable expressivity inherited as syndromic and nonsyndromic forms. We provide an update of the clinical and molecular aspects of nonsyndromic SHFM. This rare condition is highly complex due to the clinical variability and irregular genetic inheritance observed in the affected individuals. Nonsyndromic SHFM types have been reviewed in terms of major molecular genetic alterations reported to date. This updated overview will assist researchers, scientists, and clinicians in making an appropriate molecular diagnosis, providing an accurate recurrence risk assessment, and developing a management plan.
A quantitative test of computational models of multialternative context effects.

When people choose between multiple alternatives it has been observed that the probability of choosing one option over another often depends on the additional options available. For instance, one’s preference for a high-end notebook computer over a cheaper midrange model can reverse when a third, low price, but bulkier, computer is also considered. Importantly, such context effects violate fundamental choice axioms of most standard economic choice theories. To account for these effects various computational models have been proposed. The present work examines two prominent models that have been proposed to simultaneously account for the similarity , compromise , and attraction effects: multialternative decision ﬁeld theory (MDFT; Roe, Busemeyer, & Townsend, 2001) and the multiattribute linear ballistic accumulator (MLBA; True-blood, Brown, & Heathcote, 2014). Because the models imply quite different psychological processes, we focus our comparison on the various mechanisms the models use to produce each effect. We test the models using data from a large within-subjects consumer choice experiment in which all three effects occurred. Overall, we ﬁnd that both MLBA and MDFT have valuable mechanisms for understanding multialternative context effects. When considering each context effect in isolation MDFT gave the better account of the similarity and attraction effects, while MLBA better described the compromise effect. We conclude that three mechanisms— attention switching and distance-dependent inhibition from MDFT and extremeness aversion from MLBA— appear crucial. These results provide insights into the psychological mechanisms underlying human decision making and should be considered in further development of decision theories.
A Predictive model for liver disease progression based on logistic regression algorithm

Liver disease counts to be one of the most prevalent diseases in the worldwide. Therefore, this paper is aim to address the problem of predicting liver disease progression. As the existing predictive models focus on predicting the label of disease; the probability of developing the disease is still obscure. This paper, therefore, has proposed a model to predict the probability occurrence of liver diseases. The proposed predictive model used logistic regression abilities to predict the probability of liver disease occurrence. ILPD dataset was used to analyze the performance of the model. The predictive model has shown outstanding performance with a prediction accuracy rate of 72.4%, the sensitivity of 90.3%, the specificity of 78.3 %, Type I Error of 9.7 %, Type II Error of 21.7 %, and ROC of 0.758%. The model has furthermore confirmed the feasibility of the laboratory tests such as as (Age; Direct Bilirubin (DB), Alamine_Aminotransferase (SGPT), Total_Protiens (TP), Albumin (ALB)) to predict the disease progression. The predictive model will be helpful to patients and doctors to realize the progression of the disease and make a suitable timely intervention.
How to improve disease management of chronically ill patients? Perception of telemetric ECG recording and a novel software application

Background and Objective: During the last years, mobile applications and telemetry have been discussed to become an attractive tool to support and monitor patients with chronic diseases. This study aimed to evaluate the usability and perception of both telemetry and a novel app in MS patients scheduled for an ECG due to medication adjustment or follow-up. Methods: In 211 neurological centers throughout Germany, telemetric 2-channel ECG was applied in 1082 patients with fingolimod prescriptions, who have to be subjected to ECG recording as a mandatory monitoring step. In a second approach, patients were offered to use the PatientConcept app, an application designed to ease patient-physician contact and to support patients in their daily life. Patients as well as physicians from the participating centers were surveyed to evaluate handling, acceptance and utility of both devices. Results: The majority of patients perceived telemetric ECG recording as an interesting tool and appreciated shorter waiting times. 95%, 95% and 98% of the centers believed that using telemetric ECG recording eliminates waiting times, accelerates medical reporting and provides a relief for test persons, respectively. Both, patients and physicians perceived the use of PatientConcept app as useful. Conclusion: Being both well accepted, telemetric ECG recording and the use of a mobile app might provide new concepts to improve patient care. The positive results gained in this study may help to develop new perspectives for using these tools in the future, which may constitute a relief for the complex management of chronic diseases. *Correspondence to: Michael Lang, Nervenfachärztliche Gemeinschaftspraxis Ulm Pfauengasse 8, 89073 Ulm, Germany, Tel: 0049 731 65 66 5; Fax 0049 731 65 42 0; E-mail: lang@neurologie-ulm.de
Epithelial sodium channel (ENaC) (version 2019.4) in the IUPHAR/BPS Guide to Pharmacology Database

The epithelial sodium channels (ENaC) are located on the apical membrane of epithelial cells in the distal kidney tubules, lung, respiratory tract, male and female reproductive tracts, sweat and salivary glands, placenta, colon and some other organs [20, 11, 7]. In these epithelia, ENaC allows flow of Na+ ions from the extracellular fluid in the lumen into the epithelial cell. Na+ ions are then pumped out of the cytoplasm into the interstitial fluid by the Na+/K+ ATPase located on the basolateral membrane [39]. As Na+ is one of the major electrolytes in the extracellular fluid (ECF), osmolarity change initiated by the Na+ flow is accompanied by a flow of water accompanying Na+ ions [6]. Thus, ENaC has a central role in the regulation of ECF volume and blood pressure, especially via its function in the kidney [25, 30]. The expression of ENaC subunits, hence its activity, is regulated by the renin-angotensin-aldosterone system, and other factors that are involved in electrolyte homeostasis [30, 1, 29]. In the respiratory tract and female reproductive tract large segments of the tracts are covered by multi-ciliated cells. In these cells ENaC has been shown to be located along the entire length of the cilia [14]. Cilial location greatly increases ENaC density per cell surface and allows ENaC to serve as a sensitive regulator of osmolarity of the periciliary fluid throughout the whole depth of the fluid bathing the cilia [14]. In contrast to ENaC, CFTR that is defective in cystic fibrosis is not located on non-cilial cell-surface [14]. Thus, ENaC function is also essential for the clearance of respiratory airways, transport of germ cells, fertilization, implantation and cell migration [14, 33]. ENaC has been recently localized in the germinal epithelium of the testis, Sertoli cells, spermatozoa, along the epididymis ducts, and smooth muscle cells [35, 36]. Evidence has been provided that rare mutations in ENaC are associated with female infertility [5].
Usefulness of Mean Platelet Volume and Neutrophil-To-Lymphocyte Ratio for Development of Atrial Fibrillation After Acute Myocardial Infarction

Objective: Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most common supraventricular arrhythmia following ST elevated myocardial infarction (STEMI). Mean platelet volume (MPV) is an indicator of platelet activation and function. Mean platelet volume has been identified as an independent risk factor for future stroke and myocardial infarction. The neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), fast and easy method for detecting inflammatory status, have been recently explored as a predictor for cardiovascular risk and AF. The aim of the present study was to evaluate a possible relationship between NLR and MPV levels on development of AF after STEMI. Methods: This prospective study consisted of 743 patients with acute STEMI who were admitted to coronary care unit. Patients were divided into two groups, patients with and without AF. Predictors of AF were determined by multivariate regression analysis. Results: From a total of 743 patients presenting with STEMI, 82 (11%) developed AF. Mean platelet volume and NLR was significantly higher in patients with AF compared to without AF (p<0.001, respectively). Multivariate regression analysis results showed that, age [Odds Ratio (OR)=1.03; 95% Confidence Interval (CI)=1.01-1.05; p=0.001), ejection fraction (OR=0.95; 95% CI=0.93-0.98; p<0,001), MPV (OR=1.738; 95% CI=1.29-2.33; p<0.001), NLR (OR=1.08; 95% CI=1.01-1.15; p=0,025) and previous angiotensinogen converting enzyme blockers (OR=3.04; 95% CI=1.22-7.54; p=0,017) using were associated with development of AF in patients with acute STEMI. Conclusions: This study showed that, MPV and NLR were associated with the development of AF in patients presenting STEMI, other independent predictors of AF included age, and ejection fraction.
Rancang Bangun Aplikasi UMN Library Catalog Menggunakan Metode Rocchio Relevance Feedback

Library catalog is a documentation or list of all library collections. Unfortunately, there is a problem identified in the process of searching a book inside library catalog in Universitas Multimedia Nusantara’s library information system regarding the relevant result based on user query input. This research aims to design and build a library catalog application on Android platform in order to increase the relvancy of searching result in a database using calculated Rocchio Relevance Feedback method along with user experience measurement. User experience analysis result presented a good respond with 91.18% score based by all factor and relevance value present 71.43% precision, 100% recall, and 83.33% F-Measure. Differences of relevant results between the Senayan Library Information system (SLiMS) and the new Android application ranged at 36.11%. Therefore, this Android application proved to give relevant result based on relevance rank. Index Terms—Rocchio, Relevance, Feedback, Pencarian, Buku, Aplikasi, Android, Perpustakaan.
Evaluation of Our Neonatal Sepsis Cases in Terms of Causing Microorganism and Antibiotic Resistance

Results: A total of 721 patients were admitted to our hospital during the study period. 11,1% (n= 80) were diagnosed with proven sepsis, and 7.6% (n= 55) were diagnosed with clinical sepsis. Early sepsis (ES), late sepsis (LS), and very late sepsis (VLS) were found to be 37%, 54.8% and 8.15%, respectively. Coagulase-negative Staphylococcus (CNS) was the most common etiologic factor in all sepsis groups. The mortality rate of Klebsiella spp. (Klebsiella pneumoniae 50%, Klebsiella oxytoca 40%) were found to be the highest. A decrease in sepsis-related mortality rate from 21.5% to 12.5% and a decrease in rate of K. pneumoniae (25% to 8.3%) was found in 2014 compared with 2013. In general, sensitivity of ampicillin and gentamicin was very low (0-18%, 23-50%, respectively). An increase in vancomycin and teicoplanin resistance (3-11%, 3-5.5%) among gram-positive microorganisms and an increase in amikacin resistance (59-83%) among gram negative microorganisms in 2014 compared with 2013 were observed.
Kardiale kanalopatier – diagnostikk og behandling

Oppgitte interessekonflikter: Se til slutt i artikkelen Kardiale kanalopatier er et samlebegrep på dysfunksjon av kanalproteiner i myokard som kan føre til maligne ventrikulære arytmier og plutselig død. Kliniske tilstander forårsaket av ionekanaldysfunksjon er blant annet lang QT-tid-syndrom, kort QT-tidsyndrom, Brugadas syndrom og katekolaminerg polymorf ventrikkeltakykardi. Sistnevnte vil ikke bli omtalt videre i denne artikkel. Lang QT-tid-syndrom kan være ervervet eller medfødt. Det karakteriseres av forlenget QT-tid målt i EKG, og ventrikulære takykardier med risiko for dødelig utgang. Ventrikkeltakykardien er polymorf (akse og frekvens skifter) og kalles torsades de pointes-arytmi. Den medfødte typen ble først beskrevet av Anton Jervell og Fred Lange-Nielsen i 1957 (1). De presenterte en norsk familie der fire av ti barn var døve og hadde residiverende synkoper. Tre av barna døde plutselig henholdsvis fire, fem og ni år gamle. EKG hos disse barna viste betydelig QT-tid-forlengelse. Denne formen av lang QT-tid-syndrom er kjent som Jervell og Lange-Nielsens syndrom. Et liknende klinisk bilde, men uten døvhet, ble beskrevet i 1963 av Romano og medarbeidere (2), og i 1964 av Ward (3). Denne formen er kjent som Romano-Wards syndrom. Prevalensen for Romano-Wards syndrom er anslått til 1: 5 000 (4). Norske undersøkelser tyder på at prevalensen her kan være høyere (5). Diagnosen lang QT-tid-syndrom har til nå vært stilt på grunnlag av symptomer, EKG og familieanamnese. I 1991 påviste man første gang en av de genetiske defektene som fører til klinisk lang QT-tid-syndrom (6). Nå kjenner vi til sju gener som, hvis de er mutert, kan føre til sykdommen (7–9). Genetisk testing for kanalopatier har til nå vært lite tilgjengelig som rutineundersøkelse. Høsten 2003 ble det ved Rikshospitalet startet genteknologisk diagnostikk for pasienter med kardiale kanalopatier. Det fører til at vi ofte kan identifisere hvilket gen som er mutert. I en familie kan vi befri noen fra frykten for at de er disponert for et alvorlig problem både for seg og kommende generasjoner, mens andre kan bli identifisert som bærere med de konsekvenser det medfører. Vi ønsker med denne artikkelen å gi en oversikt over utredning, behandling og oppfølging av pasienter med kanalopati.
Enhanced Survival of Transplanted Human Induced Pluripotent Stem Cell–Derived Cardiomyocytes by the Combination of Cell Sheets With the Pedicled Omental Flap Technique in a Porcine Heart

Background—Transplantation of cardiomyocytes that are derived from human induced pluripotent stem cell–derived cardiomyocytes (hiPS-CMs) shows promise in generating new functional myocardium in situ, whereas the survival and functionality of the transplanted cells are critical in considering this therapeutic impact. Cell-sheet method has been used to transplant many functional cells; however, potential ischemia might limit cell survival. The omentum, which is known to have rich vasculature, is expected to be a source of blood supply. We hypothesized that transplantation of hiPS-CM cell sheets combined with an omentum flap may deliver a large number of functional hiPS-CMs with enhanced blood supply. Methods and Results—Retrovirally established human iPS cells were treated with Wnt signaling molecules to induce cardiomyogenic differentiation, followed by superparamagnetic iron oxide labeling. Cell sheets were created from the magnetically labeled hiPS-CMs using temperature-responsive dishes and transplanted.
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Exacerbations: Current Controversies

Exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) are characterised by acute worsening of dyspnoea, sometimes accompanied by cough and sputum production and increased sputum purulence. Exacerbations carry with them important clinical and economic consequences including lost work productivity, increased utilisation of health care resources, temporary or permanent reductions in lung function and exercise capacity, hospitalisation, and sometimes death. Significant unresolved controversies surround COPD exacerbations. Controversies can be broadly grouped into the following categories: 1) definition of exacerbations; 2) pathogenesis of exacerbations; 3) prediction of exacerbations and early intervention in individual patients; 4) the role of patient self-management and COPD action plans in treatment of exacerbations; and 5) use of antibiotics to treat outpatient exacerbations. This paper will review the current state of the art with respect to how we define, predict, and treat COPD exacerbations, along with controversies and challenges associated with optimal management of exacerbations. (BRN Rev. 2019;5(4):263-76) Corresponding author: Dr. Shawn Aaron, saaron@ohri.ca
Comparison the effect of core stabilization training in water and on land on pain and dynamic postural stability in women with chronic non-specific low back pain

Aims and background: Low back pain is the most common musculoskeletal disorder. There are several ways to treat back pain, but to achieve a short, easy and compress way is needed in today’s industrial societies. The aim of this study was to compare the effect of core stabilization training in water and on land on pain and dynamic postural stability in women with chronic non-specific low back pain. Materials and methods: 36 women nonathletic with nonspecific chronic low back pain participated in this study. The subjects were randomly divided into three groups (control, n=12, experimental 1, n=12, experimental 2, n=12). there were no intervention for control group. The experimental group 1 performed core stability exercises in the water and the experimental group 2 performed core stability exercises on land carried out during 12 consecutive days. The Quebec test applied for assessing pain and star test (SEBT) was used to measure dynamic balance before and after treatment,. For assessing Normal distribution of data from ShapiroWilk test for homogeneity of group’s variance Levene test, changes within the group of t-test and ANOVA test and Tukey post hoc test was used for between groups changes. Findings: The results showed that pain in both experimental group 1 (training in water) (P=0/001) and experimental 2 (training on land) (P=0/001) than the control group significantly decreased, as well as the pain in the experimental group 1was significantly decreased than experimental group 2 (P=0/001). The dynamic balance in both experimental groups 1 and 2 compared to the control group significantly increased; as well as dynamic balance in the experimental group2 compared to the experimental group1 was significantly increased (P<0/05). Conclusion: In the short term, core stability exercises on land and water would reduce pain and improve balance in patients with chronic low back pain.