Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
GIS‐based Analysis of Vienna's Material Stock in Buildings

The building stock is not only a huge consumer of resources (for its construction and operation), but also represents a significant source for the future supply of metallic and mineral resources. This article describes how material stocks in buildings and their spatial distribution can be analyzed on a city level. In particular, the building structure (buildings differentiated by construction period and utilization) of Vienna is analyzed by joining available geographical information systems (GIS) data from various municipal authorities. Specific material intensities for different building categories (differentiated by construction period and utilization) are generated based on multiple data sources on the material composition of different building types and combined with the data on the building structure. Utilizing these methods, the overall material stock in buildings in Vienna was calculated to be 380 million metric tonnes (t), which equals 210 t per capita (t/cap). The bulk of the material (>96%) is mineral, whereas organic materials (wood, plastics, bitumen, and so on) and metals (iron/steel, copper, aluminum, and so on) constitute a very small share, of which wood (4.0 t/cap) and steel (3.2 t/cap) are the major contributors. Besides the overall material stock, the spatial distribution of materials within the municipal area can be assessed. This research forms the basis for a resource cadaster, which provides information about gross volume, construction period, utilization, and material composition for each building in Vienna.
Analysis and design of a compact circularly polarized microstrip antenna with cross-shape shorting strips

In this paper, a detailed research on the shorting probe loaded patch antenna with the help of transmission line model loaded by an equivalent circuit model of shorting probe is done and a compact circularly polarized microstrip antenna (CPMA) with an extraordinarily small electrical size of 0. 16λ(length) × 0. 16λ(width) × 0. 08λ(height) at 1.268GHz (λ is the wavelength in free space) is designed. Instructed by the research on the shorting probe, the bandwidth enhancement of the proposed antenna is achieved. In order to obtain the best circularly polarized(CP) radiation performance, several types of perturbations on the shorting probe are studied and a novel perturbation structure, unequal length cross-shape shorting strips, is proposed. The simulated and measured results show that the 3dB axial ratio(AR) bandwidth of 1.6%(20MHz) is realized, which means that the proposed antenna can be used for the applications of BD3 band(1.268GHz ± 10MHz) of Beidou (COMPASS) Navigation System.
Inhibition of adipocyte differentiation by phytoestrogen genistein through a potential downregulation of extracellular signal‐regulated kinases 1/2 activity

In the current study, we investigated the effects of genistein on adipogenic differentiation of mouse bone marrow‐derived mesenchymal stem cell (BMSC) cultures and its potential signaling pathway. The terminal adipogenic differentiation was assessed by western‐blotting analysis of adipogenic‐specific proteins such as PPARγ, C/EBPα, and aP2 and the formation of adipocytes. Treatment of mouse BMSC cultures with adipogenic cocktail resulted in sustained activation of extracellular signal‐regulated kinases 1 and 2 (ERK1/2), which are members of the mitogen‐activated protein kinase (MAPK) family, at the early phase of adipogenesis (from days 3 to 9). Inhibition of ERK1/2 activation by PD98059, a specific MEK inhibitor, reversed the induced adipogenic differentiation. Genistein dose‐dependently decreased the phosphorylation of ERK1/2 in mouse BMSC cultures. Genistein incubation for the entire culture period, as well as that applied during the early phase of the culture period, significantly inhibited the adipogenic differentiation of mouse BMSC cultures. While genistein was incubated at the late stage (after day 9), no inhibitory effect on adipogenic differentiation was observed. BMSC cultures treated with genistein in the presence of fibroblast growth factor‐2 (FGF‐2), an activator of the ERK1/2 signaling pathway, expressed normal levels of ERK1/2 activity, and, in so doing, are capable of undergoing adipogenesis. Our results suggest that activation of the ERK1/2 signaling pathway during the early phase of adipogenesis (from days 3 to 9) is essential to adipogenic differentiation of BMSC cultures, and that genistein inhibits the adipogenic differentiation through a potential downregulation of ERK1/2 activity at this early phase of adipogenesis. J. Cell. Biochem. 104: 1853–1864, 2008. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Comparative analysis of bacterial community structure in the rhizosphere of maize by high-throughput pyrosequencing

In this study, we designed a microcosm experiment to explore the composition of the bacterial community in the rhizosphere of maize and bulk soil by sequencing the V3-V4 region of the 16S rRNA gene on the Illumina system. 978–1239 OTUs (cut off level of 3%) were found in rhizosphere and bulk soil samples. Rhizosphere shared features with the bulk soil, such as predominance of Acidobacteria, Proteobacteria, Actinobacteria, Bacteroidetes, Chloroflexi, Firmicutes, Gemmatimonadetes and TM7. At genus level, many of the dominant rhizosphere genera (Chitinophaga, Nitrospira, Flavobacterium, etc.) displayed different patterns of temporal changes in the rhizosphere as opposed to the bulk soil, showing rhizosphere has more impact on soil microorganisms. Besides, we found that significant growth-related dynamic changes in bacterial community structure were mainly associated with phylum Bacteroidetes, Proteobacteria and Actinobacteria (mainly genera Burkholderia, Flavisolibacter and Pseudomonas), indicating that different growth stages affected the bacterial community composition in maize soil. Furthermore, some unique genera in especial Plant-Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria (PGPR) such as Nonomuraea, Thiobacillus and Bradyrhizobium etc., which were beneficial for the plant growth appeared to be more abundant in the rhizosphere than bulk soil, indicating that the selectivity of root to rhizosphere microbial is an important mechanism leading to the differences in the bacteria community structure between rhizosphere and bulk soil.
Effects of Isoflurane on Coronary Arteries and Coronary Arterioles in the Intact Dog

To determine the site of isoflurane-associated coronary vasodilatation, the authors measured epicardial coronary artery diameter and examined the effects of isoflurane on coronary arteriolar tone. Angiograms of the left coronary system were obtained in seven fentanyl-pentobarbital anesthetized dogs and quantitated with a computerized analysis system. Cross-sectional areas of the proximal, mid, and distal left anterior descending and proximal circumflex coronary arteries were obtained at three arterial pressures, and then the measurement repeated following administration of 0.75%, 1.5%, and 2.25% end-tidal isoflurane. At the same time coronary blood flow was measured using a 123Xe washout technique. Isoflurane was found to have no effect on epicardial coronary artery dimensions. No dilatation was observed throughout the range of isoflurane concentrations and coronary perfusion pressures investigated. However, despite the absence of epicardial coronary effects, coronary arterioles were dilated by both 1.5% and 2.25% isoflurane. Coronary blood flow corresponding to a myocardial oxygen consumption of 7.5 ml oxygen.100 gm−1.min−1 was calculated as 99 ± 17 ml.100 gm−1.min−1 (mean ± SD) during control conditions, and it increased to 150 ± 26 ml.100 gm−1.min−1 at 1.5% isoflurane (P < .004) and to 197 ± 35 ml.100 gm−1.min−1 at 2.25% isoflurane (P < .001). Although higher concentrations of isoflurane dilated intramyocardial arterioles, isoflurane had no effect on epicardial coronary arteries.
Global cellular response to chemotherapy-induced apoptosis

How cancer cells globally struggle with a chemotherapeutic insult before succumbing to apoptosis is largely unknown. Here we use an integrated systems-level examination of transcription, translation, and proteolysis to understand these events central to cancer treatment. As a model we study myeloma cells exposed to the proteasome inhibitor bortezomib, a first-line therapy. Despite robust transcriptional changes, unbiased quantitative proteomics detects production of only a few critical anti-apoptotic proteins against a background of general translation inhibition. Simultaneous ribosome profiling further reveals potential translational regulation of stress response genes. Once the apoptotic machinery is engaged, degradation by caspases is largely independent of upstream bortezomib effects. Moreover, previously uncharacterized non-caspase proteolytic events also participate in cellular deconstruction. Our systems-level data also support co-targeting the anti-apoptotic regulator HSF1 to promote cell death by bortezomib. This integrated approach offers unique, in-depth insight into apoptotic dynamics that may prove important to preclinical evaluation of any anti-cancer compound. DOI: http://dx.doi. org/10.7554/eLife.01236. 001
Identification of matrix metalloproteinases in canine neoplastic tissue.

OBJECTIVE To identify matrix metalloproteinases (MMP) 2 and 9 in canine tumor tissue and to compare the amount of activity to that in unaffected stromal tissue. ANIMALS 30 dogs with spontaneously developing, high-grade osteosarcoma. PROCEDURE Tumor and nearby stromal tissue (muscle) were obtained at the time of surgery. Specimens were homogenized, and supernatants were assayed, using gelatin zymography. Human derived standards were run concurrently. Densitometry was done to obtain a semiquantitative arbitrary unit value for each specimen. The amount of activity in tumor tissue was compared with the amount in stromal tissue. RESULTS Gelatinolytic bands were observed from the analysis of all tumor tissues and in most stromal tissues. These bands migrated in the same molecular weight area as the human MMP 2 and 9 standards. Gelatinolytic activity could be quenched by the addition of 50 mM EDTA and 1 microg of synthetic tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase (TIMP) 2 per 100 ml. There was significantly more gelatinolytic activity in tumor tissue than in stromal tissue. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE MMP 2 and 9 are detectable in canine neoplastic tissue. Matrix metalloproteinases activity in tumor tissue is higher than in unaffected stromal tissue, indicating that canine MMP may be involved in the pathogenesis of tumor growth and metastasis.
Leader-follower formation control without information of heading angle

This paper presents a robust formation control method independent on noise of camps sensor. There are various formation control method for multi-robot system. These methods offer great way to keep the (d, φ)-formation. In real environment, however, heading angle of each robot is affected by noise of compass sensor. Because of this reason, follower can't keep exact formation. In this paper, we suggest formation control method that uses PID controller to resolve this problem. And we also prove that PID controller is effect to reduce position error.
How R&D management practice affects innovation performance: An investigation of the high-tech industry in Taiwan

Purpose – This paper seeks to identify the variables that affect the innovation performance of R&D teams, and to investigate the interactions between these variables.Design/methodology/approach – A research framework is first established through a literature review, and is then adjusted according to case studies of five high‐tech companies in Taiwan. The adjusted model is then tested through a survey of high‐tech companies in Taiwan.Findings – It is concluded that the style of the upper management team and the leadership of the R&D manager are the main forces that determine R&D management practice, but that the educational background, work experience, and expertise of R&D managers do not distinguish the level of discipline or the sophistication of R&D management practice. Some aspects of R&D management practice, for example, the generation and utilization of technical reports and the cultivation of professional knowledge, can be reinforced by office support and alliance. With adequate resource support, mo.
Capacitor Design Considering First Swing Stability of Distributed Generations

This paper proposes an algorithm for designing a fixed shunt capacitive compensator to improve first swing stability margin of a micro-grid including synchronous machine-based distributed generators (SMDGs). The notion of trajectory sensitivity analysis is used to determine the sensitivity of the SMDGs' relative rotor angles and velocities with respect to the compensator susceptance. For a given fault contingency, the minimum required susceptance and compensator location are determined to maintain the first swing stability of SMDGs. The proposed methodology can be used for a micro-grid with an arbitrary number of SMDGs, various fault scenarios, and both grid-connected and autonomous (islanded) modes of operation. The proposed algorithm is verified using time-domain simulation of a modified benchmark system of the IEEE standard 399-1997.
Relation of characteristics of metabolic syndrome to short-term prognosis and effects of intensive statin therapy after acute coronary syndrome: an analysis of the Myocardial Ischemia Reduction with Aggressive Cholesterol Lowering (MIRACL) trial.

OBJECTIVE We examined relations between characteristics of the metabolic syndrome, early cardiovascular risk, and effect of early, intensive statin therapy after acute coronary syndrome. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS A total of 3,038 patients in the Myocardial Ischemia Reduction with Aggressive Cholesterol Lowering (MIRACL) trial were characterized by the presence or absence of a history of diabetes, a history of hypertension and/or blood pressure > or = 130/> or = 85, BMI >30 kg/m2, HDL cholesterol <40 mg/dl (men) or <50 mg/dl (women), and triglycerides > or = 150 mg/dl. Patients with three or more of these characteristics were categorized as having metabolic syndrome. RESULTS A total of 38% of patients (n = 1,161) met criteria for metabolic syndrome as defined in this study and had a 19% incidence of a primary end point event (death, nonfatal myocardial infarction, cardiac arrest, or recurrent unstable myocardial ischemia) during the 16-week trial. Patients with two or fewer characteristics (n = 1,877) were classified as not having metabolic syndrome and had a 14% incidence of a primary end point event. In univariate analysis, the individual characteristics that bore a significant relation to risk were diabetes and low HDL cholesterol. In a multivariable model including age, sex, and randomized treatment assignment, presence of metabolic syndrome was associated with a hazard ratio of 1.49 (95% CI 1.24-1.79, P < 0.0001). Relative risk reduction with 80 mg atorvastatin daily compared with placebo was similar in patients with and without metabolic syndrome. CONCLUSIONS Metabolic syndrome, as defined in the context of this clinical trial, is a strong predictor of early recurrent ischemic events after acute coronary syndrome.
Regulation of Osteogenesis by Fetuin*

Osteoporosis is a common problem of aging and results from a failure of homeostatic mechanisms to regulate osteogenesis and mineralization. Bovine and human forms of fetuin glycoprotein bind to the transforming growth factor (TGF)-β/BMP (bone morphogenic protein) cytokines and block their osteogenic activity in cell culture assays (Demetriou, M., Binkert, C., Sukhu, B., Tenenbaum, H. C., and Dennis, J. W. (1996) J. Biol. Chem. 271, 12755–12761). Fetuin is a prominent serum glycoprotein and a major noncollagenous component of mineralized bone in mammals. In this study, we show that recombinant fetuin and native serum protein have similar potency as inhibitors of osteogenesis in dexamethasone-treated rat bone marrow cell cultures (dex-RBMC). Recombinant bovine fetuin also bound to TGF-β1 and BMP-2 in vitro with kinetics similar to native fetuin. Although TGF-β1 is required for osteogenesis in dex-RBMC, the cytokine also inhibited osteogenesis at concentrations ≥10 pm. Titration of fetuin or anti-TGF-β1 antibodies into the bone marrow cultures in the presence of 10 pm TGF-β1 restored osteogenesis, whereas titrations of the same reagents into cultures with 0.3 pmadded TGF-β1 were inhibitory, confirming the biphasic nature of the TGF-β1 response. Suppression of osteogenesis by both TGF-β1 and the antagonist proteins required their presence within the first 6 days of culture, well before mineralization at 10–12 days. Northern analysis showed that both fetuin and high dose TGF-β1 suppressed expression of the bone-associated transcripts alkaline phosphatase, osteopontin, collagen type I, and bone sialoprotein. The suppression of osteogenesis by fetuin and by high dose TGF-β1 was accompanied by the differentiation of an alternate cell lineage with adipocyte characteristics. In summary, the biphasic osteogenic response to TGF-β1 suggests that overlapping gradients of TGF-β/BMP cytokines and fetuin regulate osteogenesis in remodeling bone.
Genome‐wide copy number alterations detection in fresh frozen and matched FFPE samples using SNP 6.0 arrays

SNP arrays offer the opportunity to get a genome‐wide view on copy number alterations and are increasingly used in oncology. DNA from formalin‐fixed paraffin‐embedded material (FFPE) is partially degraded which limits the application of those technologies for retrospective studies. We present the use of Affymetrix GeneChip SNP6.0 for identification of copy number alterations in fresh frozen (FF) and matched FFPE samples. Fifteen pairs of adenocarcinomas with both frozen and FFPE embedded material were analyzed. We present an optimization of the sample preparation and show the importance of correcting the measured intensities for fragment length and GC‐content when using FFPE samples. The absence of GC content correction results in a chromosome specific “wave pattern” which may lead to the misclassification of genomic regions as being altered. The highest concordance between FFPE and matched FF were found in samples with the highest call rates. Nineteen of the 23 high level amplifications (83%) seen using FF samples were also detected in the corresponding FFPE material. For limiting the rate of “false positive” alterations, we have chosen a conservative False Discovery Rate (FDR). We observed better results using SNP probes than CNV probes for copy number analysis of FFPE material. This is the first report on the detection of copy number alterations in FFPE samples using Affymetrix GeneChip SNP6.0. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
IPPTGen-intelligent PPT generator

Presentation slides have always been the most effective tool to express a topic or theme. To present a particular topic, there is necessity for an individual to appropriately identify the relevant and important aspects that contribute to the related theme or topic. At present the tools for PowerPoint presentation generator like MSOffice, OpenOffice etc. carry out the task of generation of presentation slides but from representation perspective. They lack the aspect of content analysis that would be of interest to the user. This work aims to alleviate the problem of this content based PowerPoint presentation generator where a draft slides would be made available to the user based on content of the documents and the theme. In this work, an automated technique to generate presentation slides from a text document is proposed such that the original concepts in the inputted document are conveyed in the output slides.
Deflection flows ahead of ICMEs as an indicator of curvature and geoeffectiveness

We examine the upstream meridional deflection flows of interplanetary coronal mass ejections (ICMEs) in an effort to investigate their cross-sectional shape and the magnetic field orientation in their sheath regions. Eight out of 11 magnetic clouds (MCs) near solar minimum identified for the curvature study are concave outward as indicated by the elevation angle of the MC normal with respect to the solar equatorial plane; an inverse correlation is observed between the meridional deflection flow and the spacecraft latitude for these concave-outward MCs, which suggests that the upstream plasma is deflected toward the equatorial plane. MHD simulations, however, show that the meridional deflection flow moves poleward for a concave-outward CME. The poleward flow deflection is observed only ahead of convex-outward MCs. Possibilities leading to this discrepancy are discussed. The deflection flow speed in sheath regions of ICMEs increases with the ICME speed relative to the ambient solar wind, which together with the coupling between the meridional magnetic field and deflection flow yields a positive linear correlation between the sheath meridional field and the ICME relative speed. This empirical relationship could predict the sheath meridional field based on the observed CME speed, which may be useful for space weather forecasting as ICME sheaths are often geoeffective. Implications of the deflection flows and ICME curvature are also discussed in terms of magnetic reconnection and particle acceleration in ICME sheaths.
Deep History of East Asian Populations Revealed Through Genetic Analysis of the Ainu

Despite recent advances in population genomics, much remains to be elucidated with regard to East Asian population history. The Ainu, a hunter–gatherer population of northern Japan and Sakhalin island of Russia, are thought to be key to elucidating the prehistory of Japan and the peopling of East Asia. Here, we study the genetic relationship of the Ainu with other East Asian and Siberian populations outside the Japanese archipelago using genome-wide genotyping data. We find that the Ainu represent a deep branch of East Asian diversity more basal than all present-day East Asian farmers. However, we did not find a genetic connection between the Ainu and populations of the Tibetan plateau, rejecting their long-held hypothetical connection based on Y chromosome data. Unlike all other East Asian populations investigated, the Ainu have a closer genetic relationship with northeast Siberians than with central Siberians, suggesting ancient connections among populations around the Sea of Okhotsk. We also detect a recent genetic contribution of the Ainu to nearby populations, but no evidence for reciprocal recent gene flow is observed. Whole genome sequencing of contemporary and ancient Ainu individuals will be helpful to understand the details of the deep history of East Asians.