Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Organised interests in the media and policy congruence: The contingent impact of the status quo

While a multitude of studies have investigated the link between opinion and policy, we have little knowledge of how and when organised interests affect this linkage. We argue that the alignment of organised interests affects opinion–policy congruence by inﬂuencing the weight decision-makers attach to citizen preferences. Moreover, we propose that alignment between majorities of groups and the public matters the most when status quo bias must be overcome for the public to obtain its preferred policy. We test our theoretical claims drawing on a comprehensive media content analysis of 160 policy issues in Germany and Denmark. Our results present a more sceptical picture of the ability of groups to suppress the opinion–policy linkage than the one frequently presented in the academic literature and public debate. We ﬁnd that the capacity of groups to affect whether policy is congruent with the majority of the public is restricted to situations where the public supports a change in the status quo. In these cases, policy is less likely to end up reﬂecting public opinion if the majority of interest groups do not support the public position. In cases where the public is supportive of the policy status quo, the position of interest groups does not affect the likelihood that policy will eventually reﬂect the preferred position of the public. Our ﬁndings expand existing knowledge of organised interests in the study of policy representation and have important implications for understanding democratic governance.
CTrust‐RPL: A control layer‐based trust mechanism for supporting secure routing in routing protocol for low power and lossy networks‐based Internet of Things applications

Internet of Things (IoT) fostered a new epoch of innovation by interconnecting digital devices to make human life more convenient and attractive. These smart objects are largely deployed as low power and lossy networks (LLNs) and use routing protocol for LLNs (RPL) for routing. Unfortunately, it is extremely vulnerable to a large variety of external and internal attacks to cause devastating and calamitous effects. However, this article's scope revolves around internal attacks only, where nodes are already part of a legitimate network. Various trust‐based mechanisms have been proposed to secure the RPL protocol from insider attackers. Existing trust mechanisms cause high energy depletion due to complex computation on the node level, which consequently decreases the performance of LLNs. Therefore, this article presents a novel hierarchical trust‐based mechanism “CTrust‐RPL” by assessing the trust of nodes based on their forwarding behaviors. This study ships complex trust‐related computations to the higher layer, known as the controller, to save computational, storage, and energy resources at the node level. We also compare the proposed mechanism with a state‐of‐the‐art technique called Sec‐trust. Our mechanism demonstrates superior performance in detecting and isolating blackhole attacks. The results depict that CTrust‐RPL detects and isolates 10% more malicious nodes than Sec‐trust in the same time‐lapse. The average packet loss ratio difference is less for our proposed mechanism, with 35% more energy efficiency.
THE MEDIATING EFFECT OF LEADERS’ IDEALISED INFLUENCE ON THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN LEADERS’ EMOTIONAL INTELLIGENCE AND JOB PERFORMANCE AMONG ACADEMICS IN MALAYSIAN PUBLIC RESEARCH UNIVERSITIES

Academics exert themselves tremendously to advance in higher education institutions, and their leaders’ emotional intelligence and idealised influence are fundamental to responsiveness regarding performance. The effects of transformational leadership on job performance have been established, but a single component, idealised influence, has been neglected. Hence, this study aims to investigate the potential mediating effects of academic leaders’ idealised influence between academic leaders’ emotional intelligence and subordinates’ job performance. Approximately 386 questionnaires from five Malaysian public research universities were obtained. The partial least squares structural equation model was utilised in dichotomising the measurements. Drawing from attribution theory and social exchange theory, it was predicted that academic leaders’ idealised influence will mediate the relationship between academic leaders’ emotional intelligence and their subordinates’ job performance. However, the study reveals that the relationship between academic leaders’ emotional intelligence and their subordinates’ job performance was not mediated by academic leaders’ idealised influence. This study is useful for government and higher institutions in planning, developing, and implementing programs or policies in producing highly talented academic leaders in Malaysian research universities.
The Effect of Massively Multiplayer Online Game on Player Behaviour

Game developers compete to take advantage of digital technology development to make games that allow players to play massively and at the same time. Games, such as Mobile Legend, Fortnite, or Player Unknown Battle Ground (PUBG), are games that widely played by players around the world, including the current generation of young Indonesians. Consciously or not, these games have an influence on players both positively and negatively. The purpose of this study is to determine the effects of these games on player behaviour through 5 dimensions, including the number, content, context, structure, and mechanism of the game, especially in MMOG game. The research approach used mixed methods, with data collection techniques through surveys and interviews. The survey data was carried out using the cluster method with purposive sampling, the samples were university students in Telkom university specializing in multimedia communication design study programs. Data analysis used SEM with PLS approach. Structure modellingwas a multivariate analysis technique. The results of this study indicated that the influence of MMOG games significantly and positively influenced the behaviour of gamers by 0.42.
Modeling Plant Roots Spectral Induced Polarization Signature

Monitoring the growth, architecture, and function of plant roots is of great interest. One promising noninvasive geoelectrical monitoring approach is spectral induced polarization (SIP). However, the roots' SIP signature is underexplored, not well understood, and a mechanistic model has not been proposed. Here, we developed a mechanistic model for SIP's response of roots, which is based on the Poisson‐Nernst‐Planck equation. The modeling results suggest that the magnitude of root polarization is linearly related to the root's external surface area and that the polarization length scale is the root's diameter. We suggest that injecting a current to the plant's stem results in higher polarization associated with the root‐cells' total surface area. In this case, the polarization length scale is the cell diameter. Overall, we quantified the link between the root's dimensions and their electrical signature, which may inspire SIP application for root phenotyping.
The Effect of Value Similarity on Trust in the Automation Systems: A Case of Transportation and Medical Care

ABSTRACT Trustworthy automation systems can be beneficial in transportation and medical care, thus resulting in broader acceptance of such systems. This study examines the determinants of trust, focusing on the salient value similarity model, which proposed that perceived value similarity increases trust in agents. We have adopted a scenario method and explored whether the automation systems would be trusted when their moral judgments are similar to a participants’ desired values. Experiment 1 (N = 270) showed that moral value similarity affected trust in autonomous cars. Experiment 2 (N = 605) aimed to generalize these findings to the medical domain, wherein trust in a medical system was promoted when the moral values of a system and participant were similar. Moreover, the automation systems were trusted less than human agents in both experiments. Finally, we discuss some theoretical and practical implications of the findings.
An Observational Study on HIV and Syphilis Rates and Associated Risk Factors among Elderly Men in Wuxi, China.

Background Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS) remains a nationwide health problem in China; there were a reported 1,045,000 people living with Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)/AIDS by the end of October 2020, and the proportion of individuals aged 50 years and older living with HIV has also increased from 8% to 24% over the past two decades. Methods A cross-sectional study and an 1:2 matched case-control study were conducted from July to August 2016, in Wuxi city, eastern China. A total of 1,000 men aged 50 years and older completed a face-to-face interview regarding their AIDS-related knowledge and attitudes, as well as risk behaviors. Results Prevalence was 0.1% for HIV and 2% for syphilis. The awareness rate of AIDS-related knowledge among elderly men was 48.9% (range 40.7%-63.9%). The 1꞉2 matched case-control study indicated that only the AIDS-related attitudes were different between the two groups (χ2=8.726, P=0.013), the conditional logistic regression analysis indicated that scores of AIDS health knowledge were the only significant prognostic factor for the infection (HR=0.754 (0.569-0.999), P=0.049). Conclusion It was crucial to prevent HIV/AIDS and syphilis infections by improving the awareness of AIDS-related knowledge and changing related attitudes among the elderly. Further research aimed at identifying how these factors impact their sexual decision-making can shed valuable insight into further prevention program in this population.
A counter based approach for reducer placement with augmented Hadoop rack awareness

: As the data-driven paradigm for intelligent systems design is gaining prominence, performance requirements have become very stringent, leading to numerous fine-tuned versions of Hadoop and its MapReduce programming model. However, very few researchers have investigated the effect of intelligent reducer placement on Hadoop’s performance. This paper delves into this much ignored reducer placement phase for improving Hadoop’s performance and proposes to spawn reduce phase of Hadoop tasks in an asynchronous fashion across nodes in a Hadoop cluster. The main contributions of this paper are: (i) to track when map phase of tasks are completed, (ii) to count the number of maps completed, and finally (iii) assign reducers to Hadoop nodes based on map counts such that run-time data copying is minimized. To this end, this paper presents a novel counter based reducer placement (CBRP) algorithm based on the counter values maintained by JobTracker at the rack and node levels. Experiments conducted demonstrate the merit of the proposed reducer placement with average improvements ranging between 5% and 17% experienced across different benchmarks with both late shuffle and early shuffle.
Organosolv pulping: acidic catalysis options and their effect on fiber quality and delignification

L'utilisation de faibles quantites de sels neutres de metaux alcalinoterreux comme catalyseurs et tampons dans les liqueurs de cuisson a forte teneur en methanol permet d'eviter les problemes causes par la condensation des produits de solvolyse de la lignine et de produire des pâtes de haute qualite avec un rendement eleve (55-60%). On presente un mecanisme possible pour ce processus catalytique
Beneficios del Voluntariado Corporativo para la gestión de los Recursos Humanos

En este documento se identifican los beneficios del Voluntariado Corporativo para la gestión de Recursos Humanos presentes en la literatura científica, se los organiza en tres categorías (desarrollo de habilidades en los empleados, fortalecimiento del vínculo entre ellos y la empresa, creación de condiciones que mejoran su desempeño) y se presentan los resultados de una investigación que tuvo como objetivos: a) comprobar la ocurrencia de esos beneficios; b) determinar si la misma depende de factores estructurales de las empresas (tamaño, sector de actividad y origen del capital) y de factores relacionados con la gestión del voluntariado. Se trabajó con una muestra no probabilística de empresas que aplican el voluntariado en Uruguay, a las que se aplicó un cuestionario estructurado que incluyó ocho indicadores sobre beneficios. Se encontró, mediante test estadísticos, que los ocho beneficios están presentes en la experiencia de las empresas estudiadas y que su ocurrencia es independiente del perfil de las empresas, de la forma como se gestiona en ellas el voluntariado y del alineamiento de las actividades de voluntariado con las políticas de Recursos Humanos.
Building Urban Public Traffic Dynamic Network Based on CPSS: An Integrated Approach of Big Data and AI

The extensive proliferation of urban transit cards and smartphones has witnessed the feasibility of the collection of citywide travel behaviors and the estimation of traffic status in real-time. In this paper, an urban public traffic dynamic network based on the cyber-physical-social system (CPSS-UPTDN) is proposed as a universal framework for advanced public transportation systems, which can optimize the urban public transportation based on big data and AI methods. Firstly, we introduce three modules and two loops which composes of the novel framework. Then, the key technologies in CPSS-UPTDN are studied, especially collecting and analyzing traffic information by big data and AI methods, and a particular implementation of CPSS-UPTDN is discussed, namely the artificial system, computational experiments, and parallel execution (ACP) method. Finally, a case study is performed. The data sources include both traffic congestion data from physical space and cellular data from social space, which can improve the prediction performance for traffic status. Furthermore, the service quality of urban public transportation can be promoted by optimizing the bus dispatching based on the parallel execution in our framework.
Computation Offloading for Smart Devices in Fog-Cloud Queuing System

ABSTRACT Advancements in sensor and hardware technology have surged the growth of smart devices (SDs), including smartphones, and wearable devices. The data generated by the built-in sensors are utilized by different applications such as health-care, smart-city, and connected-vehicles. However, due to the computation and energy limitations of the SDs, they often need to offload the computation-intensive tasks for processing to the remote server. The cloud-based offloading can meet various applications’ demands, but due to high network latency, it is inefficient for real-time applications. Fog computing provides an alternative for the same, as it aggregates the fog nodes’ resources at the edge of the network to meet the computational requirements of the real-time applications. In this paper, we consider a Fog-Cloud architecture consisting of multiple SDs, fog nodes, and the cloud. We use appropriate queuing models to simulate the traffic delay at different network elements and formulate a non-linear multi-objective optimization problem to minimize the energy consumption, execution delay, and cost of remote execution. Finally, the Stochastic Gradient descent (SGD) algorithm based solution approach is proposed that jointly optimizes offloading probability and transmission power to find the optimal trade-off between the offloading objectives. Simulation results show the effectiveness and the efficiency of the proposed system validated by the results.
Comparative in vitro Antioxidant Studies of Ethanolic Extracts of Psidium guajava Stem Bark and Telfairia occidentalis Leaf

This study is aimed at investigating and comparing the in vitro antioxidant effects of ethanolic extracts of Psidium guajava stem bark and Telfairia occidentalis leaf using 2, 2-diphenyl 1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) free ra dical scavenging assay. Ascorbic acid and α-tocopherol were used as standards in this study. T he results obtained showed that Telfairia occidentalis leaf contained a significantly high amount of vita min C, total flavonoids and phenolics than Psidium guajava stem bark, which were 0.17 ± 0.05%, 0.05 ± 0.01%; 0.84 ± 0.32 g/100 g, 0.43 ± 0.05 g/100 g; 8.21 ± 0.20 g/100 g, 1.15 ± 0.12 g/100 g, respectively. Telfairia occidentalis leaf inhibited more free radicals than Psidium guajava stem bark, with maximum inhibition at 0.5 mg/mL, which were 81% and 75%, respectively. This study showed that Telfairia occidentalis leaf had higher antioxidant activity compared to Psidium guajava stem bark, which were both lower than those of ascorbic acid and α-tocopherol which were used as standard antioxidant s.
Polyacrylamide-based phantoms of human skin for hyperspectral fluorescence imaging and spectroscopy

Based on the combined use of polymerisable polyacrylamide, collagen and an aqueous solution of Flavin adenine dinucleotide (FAD), we have developed a new technique for fabrication of composite phantoms mimicking fluorescence properties of human skin. A comparative analysis of the absorption and scattering coefficients, refractive indices, as well as fluorescence spectra of phantoms with different concentrations of FAD measured with the combined use of a CCD spectrometer and a hyperspectral camera is presented. To obtain values of scattering coefficients close to those for human skin, zinc oxide (ZnO) nanoparticles are added to the polyacrylamide polymer structure. Variations both in the shape of the spectrum and in the intensity of the fluorescence signal in the phantoms are provided by the changes in the volume fraction of FAD and collagen. It is shown that the model fluorescence spectra are in good agreement with the results of direct human skin measurements in vivo.
LOW-WASTE ION EXCHANGE TECHNOLOGY OF EXTRACTION OF NITROGEN COMPOUNDS FROM WATER

The processes of sorption of nitrates on a low­base anionite Dowex Marathone from acidic and neutral solutions were researched. It is shown that the application of the anionite in the main form provides effective extraction of nitrates from acidic solutions in the presence of chlorides and sulfates at high values of exchanging dynamic capacity of anionite by nitrates. The use of solutions of ammonia for the regeneration of anionite provides a complete restoration of the capacity of anionite with non­significant remnants of ammonia. Exhausted solutions after the regeneration and neutralization contain mostly ammonium nitrate, therefore they are suitable for the production of liquid fertilizers. It was found that the extraction of the hardness ions from water on the cationites in acidic form increases the exchanging capacity of cationites on ammonium ions. During the process of water treatment it is advisable to use a two­stage cationization while applying sub­acid cationite in acidic form during the first stage and highly­acid cationite also in acidic form. This scheme is reasonable during the water purification with high hydro­carbonate alkalinity. In other case the application of a sub­acid cationite is not effective. It is shown that the cationite in the ammonium form is advisable to regenerate by the solutions of nitric acid, which provides the recycling of exhausted regenerative solutions with obtaining liquid fertilizers. The conceptual technological scheme of a low­waste technology of water purification from nitrogen compounds was designed, based on a two­stage cationization of water on the cationites in acidic form and extraction of anions on the low­base anionite in the main form, which provides an effective extraction of nitrogen compounds from the water.
Family-Friendly Policy and Work-Family Conflict Mitigation: The Role of Work-Family Boundary Negotiation

Family-friendly policy is impossible to fit all working individuals. The circumstance has been revealed in work-family literature which relationship between the policy use and the work-family conflict mitigation has been found inconsistent. Little focus is given in the past studies to ensure the human resource policy is truly useful in meeting individuals’ needs. Work, family or both work and family life could be important to individuals. The distinctive life centrality requires individuals to negotiate with the significant others who have influence on their work and family life arrangements to access and use the preferred and needed family-friendly policy. Boundary management practices seem to be useful for working individuals to reduce work-family conflict. This conceptual paper aims to propose work-family boundary negotiation to buffer the relationship of family-friendly policy use and work-family conflict. Boundary theory is the underlying theory embedded to explain the phenomena. Boundary negotiation style that could be employed for accessing the policy and managing work-family boundary effectively is identified. Future directions and implications for research on negotiation in dealing with work-family issue are discussed.
Studying the C–H Crystals and Mechanical Properties of Sustainable Concrete Containing Recycled Coarse Aggregate with Used Nano-Silica

The present study aims to replace 30%, 40%, and 50% of the natural coarse aggregate (NCA) of concrete with recycled coarse aggregate containing used nano-silica (RCA-UNS) to produce a new sustainable concrete. Three groups of concrete are made and their mechanical properties and microstructure are studied. In the first group, which was the control group, normal concrete was used. In the second group, 30%, 40%, and 50% of the NCA were replaced with coarse aggregate obtained from crushed concrete of the control samples and with 0.5% nano-silica as filler. In the third group, 30%, 40%, and 50% of the concrete samples’ NCA were replaced with aggregates obtained from 90-day crushed samples of the second group. Water absorption, fresh concrete slump, and compressive strength of the three groups were investigated and compared through scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) tests. The results show that the third group’s compressive strengths increased by 12.8%, 10.9%, and 10% with replacing 30%, 40%, and 50% of NAC with RCA-NS at 28 days compared to the control samples, respectively. This could be due to the secondary production of calcium silicate hydrate due to the presence of new cement paste. The third group’s microstructure was also improved due to the change in the C–H and the production of extra C–S–H. Therefore, the hydration of cement with water produces C–H crystals while reactions are induced by recycled aggregate containing used nano-silica.
On the origins and consequences of Simon’s modular approach to bounded rationality in economics

Abstract This paper discusses why in the 1950s Herbert Simon introduced bounded rationality as a modular notion—consisting of a “cognitive” and an “environmental” module—and explores the consequences of this choice. Originally, Simon emphasised cognition in economics and the environment in psychology to meet specific disciplinary interests. Continuing adaptively to emphasise cognition in economics has led, then, to significant unintended consequences: (i) the easier assimilation of Simon’s bounded rationality by neoclassical economics, and (ii) the persistent confusion between Simon’s and Kahneman and Tversky’s contribution. Seeing the recognition of his credit endangered, Simon reemphasised the environment when Gigerenzer introduced environment-based ecological rationality.