Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The Supply Chain's Risk Evasion Strategy Considering the Forward Contracts with Structure of Floating Rate

The forward contracts have recently emerged for a broad range of commodities and many companies have started to utilize them in addition to their traditional procurement via spot market. This kind of procurement makes the most of the convenience of spot market and risk evasion function of risk evasion via forward contracts. We develop and solve mathematical models that determine the optimal order quantity to purchase via forward contracts and the optimal quantity to purchase via spot markets in different spot market distribution. Considering the time value of the fund, this paper analyzes the pricing of the forward contract in the floating interest rate. Based on the research on pricing of the forward contracts, we can make further study on the decision model of the enterprises' procurement strategy. Keywords-Supply chain; Procurement strategy; Forward contracts ⅠINTRODUCTION Supply chain means a functional netlike and chainlike structural model, surrounding the core enterprises, connecting suppliers, distributors, retailers and end users by means of information flow, logistics and capital flow. In modern society the enterprise as the main body of the market has more and more factors to be considered for their regular operation. And the relationship between them has become more and more complex. The traditional profit maximization from the enterprise's internal condition has occurred serious problems. And since 1970's the idea of supply chain has become more and more popular in management. It needs the manager to think the operation issue in a more broaden viewpoint in stead of the enterprises itself. Especially the spot market's price fluctuates seriously because of the demand and supply causes and other uncertainty factors. The intermediate goods transacted in the marketplace has also brought tremendous risk to supply chains' participants and the intermediate goods may have uncertainty demand while also exhibiting substantial price uncertainty. So the fluctuation of the price and the demand quantity may both lead the unpredictable lost and risk. The forward contracts or the similar optional contracts then become the available means to decrease the risk.
Synthesis of bacterial cellulose by Acetobacter Xylinum sp. using watermelon rind waste for biocomposite application

Cellulose was the most abundant polymer or polysaccharide that presents as the structural component of the primary cell wall of green plants but also signify for microbial extracellular polymer. The production of cellulose by microorganism such as Acetobacter xylinum sp. was most favored by researchers because the cellulose that produced was extremely pure and had a higher degree of polymerization and crystallinity than plant cellulose. The production of bacterial cellulose was expected to fulfill the high demand of cellulose in the industry. This study was focusing more on the effect of temperature and pH in the synthesis of bacterial cellulose by Acetobacter xylinum sp. using watermelon rind juice. The value of temperature and pH that being investigated was varied from 28 °C to 32 °C and from pH 4 to pH 8 respectively. The concentration for the watermelon rind juice was fixed at 7 g/L and the culture medium was incubated at fixed condition of 120 rpm. Differ from previous studies, this study use watermelon rind waste as the high potential carbon source replacing the pure carbon sources as the substrate for the synthesis of bacterial cellulose. The results data obtained shows that the optimum condition for the Acetobacter xylinum to produce the highest yield was at temperature 30 °C and pH 6 where the amount was 8.3439 g. The FT-IR analysis proves that the gelatinous membrane that produced from the experiment is cellulose. It can be shown by the appearance of absorbance peak for the C-C bonding, C-O bonding, C-OH bonding and C-O-C bonding after FT-IR analysis. In conclusion, from the data presented in this paper shows that watermelon rind waste has a high potential as the carbon source for the synthesis of bacterial cellulose and it is possible to carry out a mass production of bacterial cellulose.
Epidemiology and control of Schistosomiasis and other intestinal parasitic infections among school children in three rural villages of south Saint Lucia.

OBJECTIVE The purpose of this study was to determine the epidemiology of parasitic infections and the efficacy of treatment among school children in rural villages of south Saint Lucia. METHOD A total of 554 school children participated in this study. Parasitic infections were confirmed by using Kato- Katz method. RESULTS & CONCLUSION Overall, 61.6% of the school children were infected by any parasitic infection. The helminths identified were Ascaris lumbricoides (15.7%), Hookworm (11.9%), Strongyloides (9.7%), Trichuris trichiura (4.7%), Schistosoma mansoni (0.6%), Taenia solium (0.8%) and Enterobius vermicularis (2.1%), Entamoeba coli (9.7%), Iodameba butschlii (5%), Entamoeba histolytica (1.1%), Giardia lamblia (1.8%) and Endolimax nana (2.1%). The control intervention included treatment with albendazole 400 mg and praziquantel 40 mg/kg as well as awareness campaigns. Post-interventional assessment showed the total prevalence of intestinal parasitic infection reduced from 61.6 to 3.6% with a cure rate of 94.2%, following the control methods.
The Combined Effect of Hypertension and Smoking on Arterial Stiffness

Arterial stiffness plays a critical role in the function of the cardiovascular system as it represents the coupling of the left ventricle and arterial tree. Increased arterial stiffness is associated with a number of cardiovascular complications. Increased stiffness occurs with age and with the development of chronic conditions (e.g., hypertension) and the presence of vascular risk factors (e.g., smoking). Measuring arterial stiffness is increasingly gaining popularity as a method of assessing cardiovascular health and treatment efficacy. The purpose of this review was to assess the combined effect of hypertension and smoking on arterial stiffness. A systematic review of the literature revealed four relevant studies; hypertension and smoking were found to be independent detrimental factors for raising arterial stiffness, and combined they raise arterial stiffness more than either solitary factor. However, a need was identified for future studies to determine the extent to which smoking cessation therapy combined with the appropriate anti-hypertensive medication can lead to stabilization or even reversal of arterial stiffness.
Routing Algorithm and Kinematic Model of Mobile Robots in Wireless Sensors Networks

Mobile wireless sensors networks are a fast changing branch of the wireless networks. The mobility of the nodes, the trajectory plan and the routing algorithm determine the implementation of a new strategy that take into account their interdependency with the scope of minimizing the energy consumption and increasing the coverage grade. The trajectory planning scheme consists of a routing algorithm to maintain the connectivity and decentralized receding horizon planners that reside on each vehicle to achieve coordination among agents. The advantage of the proposed algorithm is that each vehicle only requires local knowledge of its neighboring vehicles.
PARADA DE SEGURIDAD: IMPACTO EN LA CULTURA DE SEGURIDAD DEL EQUIPO QUIRÚRGICO DE UNA INSTITUCIÓN DE ALTA COMPLEJIDAD

Introduccion: Las instituciones de Salud dentro de sus objetivos de servicio de alta calidad para los pacientes, deben considerar diversas estrategias que promuevan su Seguridad durante todo el proceso de atencion; herramientas como la “Parada de Seguridad” promueven la seguridad en el proceso de atencion quirurgica. El uso de esta estrategia por parte de los profesionales de salud, debe ser promovido y evaluado continuamente para reforzar la Cultura de Seguridad, lo cual impacta de manera transversal la atencion del usuario. Objetivo: Determinar el impacto de la implementacion de la Parada de Seguridad sobre la calificacion de Cultura de Seguridad en las salas de cirugia de una Institucion acreditada de IV nivel en Bogota. Metodologia: Se realizo un estudio de intervencion para la medicion y comparacion de la Calificacion de la Encuesta de Cultura de Seguridad, antes y despues de la aplicacion de la Parada de Seguridad en las salas de cirugia en la Institucion de estudio. Resultados: La encuesta obtuvo un puntaje global de 66.1% en la primera medicion y 64% despues de la intervencion (p<0.001), se encontro diferencia significativa entre la primera y segunda medicion. El analisis segun las dimensiones de la encuesta y especialidad/area de trabajo, no evidencio diferencias significativas. Conclusiones: La implementacion de estrategias orientadas a fortalecer la Seguridad del Paciente, modifican la percepcion de Seguridad de los profesionales de Salud en los procesos de atencion. Se deben realizar intervenciones y mediciones con mayor frecuencia para obtener resultados satisfactorios a largo plazo.
Perception, Awareness, and Acceptance of Human Papillomavirus Disease and Vaccine Among Parents of Boys Aged 9 to 18 Years

Male human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination rates remain very low. The study objective was to gain an understanding of the perceptions of HPV disease and acceptance/barriers to HPV vaccine by parents of boys aged 9 to 18 years. An anonymous, written survey was administered from January 1, 2011 to September 30, 2013 in private pediatric offices (PPOs) and public health clinics (PHCs) in Chicago, Illinois. A total of 230 PPO parents (PPOPs) and 286 PHC parents (PHCPs) completed the survey. Despite significant differences (P < .0001) in education level, socioeconomic status, and HPV disease and vaccine knowledge/awareness between the PPOP and PHCP, there was no difference between PPOP and PHCP who would vaccinate their sons with HPV vaccine. For both groups, health care provider recommendation was the primary influence for vaccination. The major barrier to vaccination was lack of information on HPV disease/vaccine. Health care providers need to proactively discuss and use HPV vaccine in male patients.
Relationship Between the Mini-Mental State Examination and the Repeatable Battery for the Assessment of Neuropsychological Status in Patients Referred for a Dementia Evaluation

The current study examined the relationship between the Repeatable Battery for the Assessment of Neuropsychological Status (RBANS) and the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) in a large, heterogeneous sample of patients referred for dementia assessment (N = 495; 37% males, 63% females; M age = 76.8 years, SD = 7.0). The MMSE showed a significant moderate correlation with the RBANS Total Scale score (r = .65). Moderate significant correlations were found between the MMSE and the RBANS indexes (r = .41 to .49). The MMSE demonstrated moderate correlations with RBANS factor scores of . 63 for Factor 1 (memory/learning) and . 58 for Factor 2 (visuospatial/attention). These correlations suggest that the MMSE is best considered a measure of global cognitive functioning with the strongest correlations between broader measures.
Análisis de los procesos centrados al paciente en el área de radiología: Un enfoque orientado al modelado de procesos de negocio

En los ultimos anos se han desarrollado herramientas para el modelado de procesos que fueron disenadas en un principio para el ambito industrial y que hoy en dia aun no han sido ampliamente aplicadas en el medio hospitalario. En este trabajo se presenta el analisis de los procesos de atencion a pacientes ambulatorios y hospitalizados atendidos en el servicio de radiologia del Instituto Nacional de Rehabilitacion de la Ciudad de Mexico, mediante la aplicacion del modelado de procesos de negocio BPMN el cual mostro a traves de indices de flujo de trabajo que la duracion de los procesos a los pacientes de urgencias (7.87±4.50 min/estudio) fue menor en comparacion a la atencion a los pacientes de estudios especiales (53.69±13.12 min/estudio); asi mismo se calcularon los tiempos de utilizacion de la tecnologia medica radiologica y se mostro la secuencia de actividades del personal involucrado en los procesos. Ademas, fue posible identificar las variables que influyen en la realizacion de estudios radiologicos (edad y condicion fisica) siendo la edad la mas estadisticamente significativa en la realizacion de estudios de urgencias (p = 0.004). La aplicacion de BPMN en los procesos de salud brinda una herramienta de apoyo a la mejora continua, a la optimizacion de los recursos e identificacion de los elementos limitadores en los procesos de atencion a los servicios medicos
Some Recent Advances on Importance Measures in Reliability

Many importance measures have been proposed with respect to the diverse considerations of system performance, reflecting different probabilistic interpretations and potential applications. This paper studies importance measures in reliability, including their definitions, probabilistic interpretations, properties, computations, and comparability. It categorizes importance measures into the structure, reliability, and lifetime types based on the knowledge for determining them. It covers importance measures of individual components, and ones of pairs and groups of components. It also investigates importance measures in consecutive-k-out-of-n systems.
Complete band gap in a pillar-based piezoelectric phononic crystal slab

In this paper we have shown that it is possible to obtain the complete phononic band gaps in a square lattice of pillar-based phononic crystal. Bigger phononic band gap width can be obtained by increasing the height of pillar and it filling fraction, f. It is shown that the gap-to-mid-gap ratio of pillar at h/a = 0.5 has increased by 21.2% when it height increased to 1.25 and the gap-to-mid-gap ratio has increased by 12% when the filling fraction is increased from r/a = 0.3 to 0.45. The study also shows bigger band gap width and higher central frequency can be obtained by increasing the filling fraction of pillar.
Classifying and predicting endurance outcomes of α2-adrenergic agonist intervention in spinal cord injury

Spinal cord injury (SCI) is a traumatic condition that can lead to both functional and neuromuscular impairments. Spasticity in the muscles surrounding the ankle joint caused by hypertonia is often reported as a complication. We investigated whether a pharmacological intervention using Tizanidine, an anti-spastic medication acting as an α2-adrenergic agonist, could lead to improvements in walking endurance. We placed subjects on a 4-week program and measured the change in clinical measures of walking speed, endurance, and mobility. We used growth mixture modeling (GMM) to class subjects into groups based on recovery patterns. Two classes of recovery were found by GMM: high and low functioning. Radom coefficient regression (RCR) was then used to identify significant changes over time. Statistically significant improvements in walking endurance were shown for the high functioning group. However, a small number of subjects in the high functioning group showed improvement greater than the smallest real difference (SRD), which indicates a clinical significance as well. We also investigated the extent to which these recovery patterns can be predicted using baseline measures. Baseline walking endurance was found to be a robust predictor of recovery in walking endurance. Subjects that began the intervention with already higher endurance showed a greater chance of improvement in endurance over time. This information could potentially be used as a fast and reliable assessment tool for clinicians to predict which patient can benefit the most from this intervention prior to prescribing the medication, and thus optimizing cost and resources. Our findings demonstrate that these techniques can be used to characterize and predict the progress of changes to functional impairments due to various types of intervention.
Effects of frequent oral hygiene instructions on microbial levels and salivary buffer capacity in orthodontic patients and their parents.

AIM To assess whether parental involvement can improve children's oral health as a strategiy to reduce caries risk in children undergoing orthodontic treatment. METHODS The study population consisted of 40 healthy children aged 7 to 15 years (mean 10.93 ± 2.78) and their accompanying parents (mother or father). Oral hygiene instructions were given simultaneously to all children and accompanying parents every 6 weeks at their regular orthodontic appointments. Levels of Streptococcus mutans and salivary buffer capacity were assessed for both children and parents before and 9 months into orthodontic treatment. RESULTS The majority of children (74%) and parents (92%) expressed unchanged levels of Streptococcus mutans and stable salivary buffer capacity throughout the study. When analyzing child-parent pairs with respect to Streptococcus mutans and salivary buffer capacity, no significant differences were found prior to treatment. Nine months into treatment, 57% of the children and parents still showed similar Streptococcus mutans counts and buffer capacity. CONCLUSION The child-parent approach succeeded in preventing deterioration of children's oral hygiene. Parental involvement has an essential part in maintaining children's oral health. Oral health care professionals should partner with parents when implementing any kind of health behavior.
L’entrepreneuriat au féminin

Depuis dix ans, les femmes entrepreneurs ont fait l’objet de nombreuses études. Axées pour la plupart sur l’accès des femmes aux capitaux, plusieurs de ces études ont montré les lacunes des femmes entrepreneurs du point de vue de l’expérience et du réseautage, d’autres encore ont mis en évidence la médiocrité de leurs cotes de crédit, ou enfin la rigidité, voire le sexisme, des politiques de prêt des institutions financières canadiennes. Dans cet article, rédigé en se fondant sur la base de données la plus exhaustive qui soit sur le financement des petites entreprises, à savoir celle du Programme de recherche sur le financement des PME, nous examinons les caractéristiques particulières des femmes entrepreneurs et tâchons de déterminer si ces caractéristiques influent sur le financement des entreprises appartenant à des femmes.
Mini‐review: Defense strategies and immunity‐related genes

The immune system is of crucial importance in defense against infection. It has to cope with a large number of different pathogens that relentlessly develop new ways to avoid recognition or elimination. Yet most infections are cleared. Immune‐system genes must evolve to keep pace with increasingly sophisticated evasion by pathogens. In this article we examine features of human defense genes that reflect the demands imposed by such intense selection. Key examples are MHC and KIR genes, where features such as polygeny and polymorphism facilitate the comprehensive logistics needed to counteract infection.
Chemotherapy Use of antibacterial consumer products containing quaternary ammonium compounds and drug resistance in the community

1. Livermore DM. Tigecycline: what is it, and where should it be used? J Antimicrob Chemother 2005; 56: 611–4. 2. Tenover FC, Arbeit RD, Goering RV et al. Interpreting chromosomal DNA restriction patterns produced by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis: criteria for bacterial strain typing. J Clin Microbiol 1995; 33: 2233–9. 3. Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute. Performance Standards for Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing: Fifteenth Informational Supplement M100-S15. CLSI, Wayne, PA, USA, 2005. 4. Milatovic D, Schmitz FJ, Verhoef J et al. Activities of the glycylcycline tigecycline (GAR-936) against 1924 recent European clinical bacterial isolates. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2003; 47: 400–4. 5. Hoban DJ, Bouchillon SK, Johnson BM et al. In vitro activity of tigecycline against 6792 Gram-negative and Gram-positive clinical isolates from the global Tigecycline Evaluation and Surveillance Trial (TEST Program, 2004). Diagn Microbiol Infect Dis 2005; 52: 215–27. 6. Werner G, Gfrörer S, Fleige C et al. Tigecycline-resistant Enterococcus faecalis strain isolated from a German intensive care unit patient. J Antimicrob Chemother 2008; 61: 1182–3.
México y Canadá ante la crisis financiera estadounidense: un estudio comparativo

El proposito de esta investigacion radica en estudiar la genesis y el desarrollo reciente de la crisis economica de Estados Unidos, asi como las repercusiones diferenciadas que esta ha tenido en el producto global de Mexico y Canada. No obstante que Canada es una economia mas abierta y mas estrechamente integrada con Estados Unidos, la crisis de esa nacion tuvo mucha mayor incidencia en Mexico. Para explicar este fenomeno, se analizan los efectos de la crisis estadounidense sobre diferentes sectores de actividad economica de Mexico y Canada, comparando asimismo las politicas anticiclicas instrumentadas por las autoridades fiscales y monetarias de ambas naciones. Una conclusion importante es que las medidas anticiclicas instrumentadas por el gobierno mexicano fueron limitadas y tardias
Crise de la zone euro: quelles conséquences pour les économies africaines ?

La zone euro joue un role clef dans l'integration du continent africain a l'economie mondiale. Bien que les relations economiques avec les nouveaux emergents se developpent rapidement, beaucoup de pays africains ont conserve des liens etroits avec les vieilles puissances europeennes qui absorbent une part significative de leurs exportations de matieres premieres et leur fournissent des investissements directs etrangers et de l'aide publique au developpement. C'est aussi de ces pays que sont envoyes la majorite des fonds issus des migrations a destination de l'Afrique. Nous examinons dans quelle mesure la crise de la zone euro est susceptible d'affecter les economies africaines. Les pays d'Afrique du Nord, fortement dependants des importations de la zone euro sont parmi les plus exposes. C'est le cas aussi des petits pays insulaires qui, de surcroit, devraient pâtir d'un flechissement du tourisme. Les pays d'Afrique sub-saharienne risquent, eux, d'etre victimes d'une baisse de l'aide publique au developpement. La crise met ainsi en lumiere la fragilite, pour les pays d'Afrique, du partenariat europeen et devrait les inciter a renforcer encore leurs liens avec les pays emergents et a developper les relations economiques intra-regionales.
Differential physiology and morphology of motor axons to ventral longitudinal muscles in larval Drosophila

Morphological and physiological characteristics of the two major motor axons supplying the commonly studied ventral longitudinal muscle fibers (6 and 7) of third‐instar Drosophila melanogaster larvae were investigated. The innervating terminals of the two motor axons differ in the size of their synapse‐bearing varicosities. The terminal with the larger varicosities also fluoresces more brightly when stained with the vital fluorescent dye 4‐(4‐diethylaminotyryl)‐N‐methylpyridinium iodide (4‐Di‐2‐Asp) and occupies a larger total contact area on the muscle fiber. Through selective simultaneous recording of synaptic currents from identified boutons in living preparations during elicitation of synaptic potentials, it was shown that the axon with the smaller varicosities generates a large excitatory junction potential (EJP) in muscle 6 and that the axon with the larger varicosities generates a smaller EJP. Short‐term facilitation is more pronounced for the smaller EJP. In preparations treated with 4‐Di‐2‐Asp, the fluorescence of smaller varicosities increases with stimulation that elicits the large EJPs, indicating an acitivity‐dependent entry of calcium that enhances mitochondrial fluorescence. The differences in morphology and physiology of the two axons are similar to, though less pronounced than, those observed in „phasic”︁ and „tonic”︁ motor axons of crustacens. © 1994 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.