Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
ntingency research in operations management practices

As operations management (OM) best practices have become mature, research on practices has begun to shift its interest from the justification of the value of those practices to the understanding of the contextual conditions under which they are effective—OM practice contingency research (OM PCR). This article sets out to examine and critique the current state of OM PCR. We review OM PCR studies through the lens of the major theoretical view on contingencies, contingency theory, along a number of relevant dimensions: contingency variables, performance variables, measurement, research design and employed form of fit. In this process, we put forward a number of tasks that need to be accomplished in order to move OM PCR forward and develop more solid conceptual foundations in which to anchor rigorous research in this area. Finally, we reflect on the theoretical arguments that underlie OM PCR (which are based on the contingency approach) and identify its limitations in fully explaining the currently observed patterns of use of OM practices and associated performance outcomes. As a result, we propose that in order to increase our understanding of these patterns, OM scholars need to study in more depth the process of selection of OM best practices by organizations. Accordingly, we put forward a framework to underpin such research integrating contingency theory and other theoretical perspectives. 2008 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
Seasonal Patterns of Root Growth in Relation to Shoot Phenology in Grape and Apple

Growers plan many of their horticultural activities around certain shoot phenological stages such as bloom and veraison. Timing of root growth in relation to these stages of the shoot is of interest in fertilization scheduling and understanding carbon allocation demands of the root system. With the recent use of minirhizotron root observation tubes, a much greater understanding of patterns of root growth has been made possible. In this paper some published work and present data from ongoing studies on timing of root production are reviewed. Studies discussed include ongoing work in grape vineyards in Fredonia, New York, USA (Vitis lambruscana), and Oakville, California, USA (V. vinifera), and in apple orchards (Malus × domestica) in Summerland, British Columbia, Canada. Root production mainly occurs in the summer, but the specific timing varies widely between bloom and harvest from year to year. Usually there is little root growth in the few weeks prior to harvest and when the vines are dormant. Cultural practices may affect root production, usually from a combination of changes in the soil environment (moisture, temperature) and changes in photosynthetic capacity.
Regulation of Seasonal Mating Behavior in Thamnophis sirtalis parietalis

At latitudes of about 50? -55? N in Manitoba, Canada, the red-sided garter snake (Thamnophis sirtalis parietalis) hibernates in concentrated aggregations of several thousand individuals and mates shortly following emergence in late April or early May. Mating is most intense when air temperatures are above 15 C, and lasts about 4 weeks. Mating activity of about 10 days duration can be induced in the laboratory by: 1) collecting snakes at the hibernaculum site in September, subjecting them to 5 C, OL24D for at least 4 months and then transferring them to 25 C, 12L12D; and 2) collecting snakes at the hibernaculum site in late April or early May, holding them at 5 C, OL24D, and transferring them to 25 C, 12L12D at any time until August. Food intake is completely inhibited for 3 days following the transfer, and then increases progressively in an inverse relationship to declining mating activity. A transfer from 5 C, OL24D to 5 C, 12L12D does not result in mating. On the basis of these experiments we hypothesize that the increase in body temperature experienced by the red-sided garter snake during emergence from hibernation induces the intense mating activity observed shortly following emergence.
Minor Isolates and Minor Geographical Barriers in Avian Speciation in Continental Australia

Ornithologists generally believe that speciation in birds proceeds by geographical splitting of populations into isolates and subsequent divergence. This allopatric mode has been subdivided into the dumbbell or classical mechanism and the peripheral or peripatric mechanism. Speciation theory predicts that peripatric divergence should proceed more rapidly than classical allopatric differentiation. This was examined in the Australian mainland avifauna by comparing the ratios of differentiates to isolates in major and minor geographical refuges on the assumption that populations isolated in minor areas were smaller than those in major ones. An array of distinctive avian species and subspecies was found to have evolved in peripheral refuge areas of mainland Australia. However, minor regions have produced considerably fewer new forms and, moreover, at the same rate. Therefore, the prediction of speciation theory was not confirmed. Differentiates on offshore islands around Australia were also considered and found not to have contributed to species enrichment on the mainland. Birds with patchy distributions were examined and discontinuities in habitat, especially substrate and dependency on specific resources, were the main causes in the semiarid and arid parts of the Australian continent. Another active pathway of adaptation from humid to arid habitat in eastern Bassian elements was revealed: the Grey Range Divide separates some avian populations in the Lake Eyre Basin from parental populations in more coastal regions.
Characterisation of human salivary proteins inhibiting the acid demineralisation of powdered hydroxyapatite substrates and natural enamel surfaces

The adsorption of salivary proteins to enamel is critical for the protection against acid demineralisation but it is unclear which proteins are involved in protection or the mechanism by which they act. The aim was to investigate salivary protein adsorption and protection using powdered synthetic hydroxyapatite, powdered enamel and natural enamel as substrates and to characterise the specific salivary proteins providing protection. Human whole salivary proteins and its purified fractions were adsorbed to the various substrates and challenged with acid. Adsorbed proteins were characterised by SDS-PAGE and their protective efficacy determined by spectrophotometric assay of phosphate released into the acid during dissolution. A significantly higher degree of protection was provided by salivary proteins when adsorbed to natural enamel surfaces. It was found that the protective species in saliva reside in a small subset comprising 15% of the total protein and efficacy is dependent on conformation. The desorption of salivary proteins during an acid challenge correlated with loss of protection and it was hypothesised that the proteins desorbed during the challenge may be the protective species. Protein S100-A8 and S100 were identified as members of these putative protective proteins. Many proteins (including protein S100-A8 and S100) remained adsorbed to enamel even after 19 acid challenges but they were not protective. Size exclusion chromatography under non-denaturing conditions resulted in co-elution of two proteins identified as α-amylase and cystatin. Their adsorption behaviour was dependent on the actual substrate used. This thesis demonstrates that the use of powdered substrates may not be ideal substitutes for natural enamel surfaces when investigating salivary protein adsorption and the effect of salivary proteins on enamel demineralisation. This is an important consideration as correctly identifying the protective species and understanding the mechanism of protection will inform the development of prophylactic/therapeutic peptides for clinical use in dry mouth cases.
Genetic associations between Johne's disease and susceptibility to Mycobacterium bovis and Mycobacterium avium subsp avium in Irish Holstein Friesian dairy cows

Friesian data on Johne's disease occurrence is not collected routinely on Irish dairy farms. The shared evolutionary history of, and similar immunopathological response post-infection to, Mycobacterium bovis and Mycobacterium avium subsp avium may allow them to be used as indicators of susceptibility to M. a. paratuberculosis infection in cattle. National single intradermal comparative tuberculin test data collected routinely as part of the Irish bovine tuberculosis eradication programme may therefore provide a means of indirect selection for Johne's disease resistance in Irish dairy cattle. The objective of this study was to estimate the genetic associations between resistance to M. a. paratuberculosis infection and measures of susceptibility to M. bovis and M. a. avium infection. and methods Serological response to M. a. paratuberculosis was used as a measure of cow susceptibility to Johne’s disease. Data on animal serological response to M. a. paratuberculosis were obtained from 44 Irish herds from the Irish Department of Agriculture, Fisheries and Food between June 2004 and November 2005. Blood samples were collected from all lactating and non-lactating animals older than 12 months, and M. a. paratuberculosis specific enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was conducted. Serological response to M. a. paratuberculosis was dichotomised as seropositive (sample to positive control optical density ratio greater or equal to 70) or seronegative (sample to positive control optical density ratio less than 70). Only cows with a known sire, and herds with at least two ELISA positive cows (one of which was home bred) and 10 or more tested cows were retained. The final dataset included in the analysis of serological response to M. a. paratuberculosis consisted of 4,581 cows from 38 herds. The single intradermal comparative tuberculin test (SICTT) was used as a measure of susceptibility of cows to M. bovis and M. a. avium infection. The test involves injecting M. bovis -purified protein derivative (PPD) into the neck of each animal, and comparing the reaction induced to that produced by M. avium -PPD (a measure of sensitisation to environmental mycobacteria). Susceptibility to M. bovis -PPD responsiveness was dichotomised as standard reactor (a M. bovis -PPD reaction 4 mm or greater than the M. avium -PPD reaction) or nonreactor (a M. bovis -PPD reaction equal to the M. avium -PPD reaction). Susceptibility to M. avium -PPD responsiveness was dichotomised as standard reactor (a M. avium -PPD reaction 4 mm or greater than the M. bovis -PPD reaction) or nonreactor. National SICTT records between November 2000 and December 2007 were available for inclusion in the analysis. An episode was defined as a herd restriction initiated by two or more standard reactors (with at least one of the animals being home bred),
Notes on Atriplex, Oxybasis and Dysphania (Chenopodiaceae) in west-central tropical Africa.

The Chenopodiaceae is a large family within the order Caryo phyllales. It comprises ~ 1600 species and is divided into ~ 110 genera (Sukhorukov 2014, Hernández-Ledesma et al. 2015). It is mostly distributed in the arid regions of the World. The exact number of the family’s representatives in Africa is still unknown, but according to our investigations, the number of indigenous and alien species may reach at least 300, including the largest genera Caroxylon Thunb. (~ 60 spp.), Atriplex L. (40 spp.), Chenopodium L. s.str. (25 spp.), and Suaeda Forssk. (20 spp.). Only a few Chenopodiaceae species are found in West-Central Tropical Africa (Hauman 1951), in contrast to arid territories in the northern, eastern and southern parts of the continent with high taxonomic richness. The most common chenopodiaceous species distributed in West-Central Tropical Africa (Burundi, Central African Republic, Cameroon, D.R.Congo, Equatorial Guinea, Gabon, Republic of Congo, and Rwanda) is the American Dysphania ambrosioides (L.) Mosyakin & Clemants (Baker & Clarke 1909, Renier 1948, Hauman 1951, Cavaco 1963, Fernández-Casas 1994, Fernández-Casas & Morales-Valverde 1995), previously placed in the genus Chenopodium. Taxonomy of the indigenous representatives of the family in Africa is still insufficiently studied. In the past decade, taxonomic revisions were only prepared for the genera Sarcocornia A.J.Scott in Southern Africa (Steffen et al. 2009, 2010) and Atriplex in East Tropical Africa and the Mascarene Islands (Sukhorukov 2012, 2013). However, some genera, especially Atriplex and Dysphania (subfam. Chenopodio ideae), are difficult to diagnose and are often confused with other native or even alien taxa (Sukhorukov 2012). In the present article, the amendments to Chenopodiaceae in West-Central Tropical Africa concern both genera. A closer look at a single Atriplex species collected in D.R. Congo and previously identified as Atriplex hastata or ‘Atriplex sp. ’ (Hauman 1951) revealed that it is a new species from Atriplex sect. Teutliopsis described in the present article. Additionally, we have discovered new, previously misidentified, specimens of Dys-
Abundance of cell‐free mitochondrial DNA in spent culture medium associated with morphokinetics and blastocyst collapse of expanded blastocysts

This retrospective observational study investigated relationships between the abundance of cell‐free mitochondrial DNA (cf‐mtDNA) in spent culture medium (SCM) of human‐expanded blastocysts and their morphokinetics to address the question of whether the abundance of cf‐mtDNA in SCM could predict the quality of blastocysts.
Co-expression of GAD67 and Choline Acetyltransferase in Neurones in the Mouse Spinal Cord and Medulla Oblongata

GABAergic and cholinergic interneurones play an important role in modulating activity of neuronal circuits within the spinal cord and medulla oblongata. This study investigates the spatial distribution of co-localisation of the synthesising enzymes for ACh/GABA in the spinal cord and medulla oblongata. Immunohistochemistry, retrograde neuronal tracing and juxtacellular labelling were employed in combination with mice in which a green fluorescent protein (GFP) is expressed under the control of the promoter of the GABA synthesising enzyme, glutamic acid decarboxylase 67 (GAD67-GFP mice). Within the cervical, thoracic and lumbar spinal cord the majority of GAD67-GFP neurones co-localising with the ACh synthesising enzyme choline acetyltransferase (ChAT) were observed in lamina X. Located primarily ventral to the central canal, they were neither motoneurones nor preganglionic neurones since they were negative for Fluorogold transported retrogradely following intraperitoneal injections. On application of juxtacellular labelling to neurones in spinal cord slices from young mice, the processes of the ChAT/GAD67-GFP neurone were located in lamina X. Investigations into synaptic inputs indicated that ChAT/GAD67-GFP neurones in lamina X received inputs from terminals immunoreactive for vesicular glutamate transporter 1, vesicular glutamate transporter 2, glycine transporter 2 and GAD67. Co-expression of ChAT/GAD67-GFP was also observed in the medulla oblongata in the nucleus of tractus solitarius, area postrema and reticular formation. Although the function of these ChAT/GAD67-GFP neurones is currently unknown, this study has furthered knowledge regarding their morphology, location, possible projections and inputs.
The Effects of Ragweed (Ambrosia artemisiifolia L.) on Nutrient Cycling in a 1st-year Old-field

The potential effects of common ragweed {Ambrosia artemisiifolia) on nutrient loss from a recently disturbed old-field in Indiana were assessed by measuring nitrogen and phosphorus uptake and by comparing soil nitrogen concentrations in bare and vegetated plots. Bare plots had soil nitrate concentrations, 4.6 times higher than those in plots with ragweed-dominated natural vegetation. A total of 2.49 g/m2 of nitrogen were taken up by ragweed in the 1 st-year field, and 12% of this total was stored in seeds. The remainder of the nitrogen taken up was in more readily decomposed vegetative tissues. Thus ragweed could reduce nitrogen losses very early in succession by taking up and storing nitrogen. Most of the nitrogen taken up is probably readily available to plants in subsequent years.
Parental Recognition of Juvenile Begging Calls in the Florida Scrub Jay

TATNER, P. 1990. Deuterieum and oxygen-18 abundance in birds: Implications for energetics studies. Am. J. Physiol. 258:R804-R812. TATNER, P., AND D. M. BRYANT. 1988. The doublylabelled water technique for measuring energy expenditure. Pages 77-i 12 in Techniques in comparative respiratory physiology--An experimental approach (C. R. Bridges and P. J. Butler, Eds.). Cambridge Univ. Press, Cambridge. UTTLEY, J. 1991. The influence of food supply on the reproductive effort of Arctic Terns Sterna paradisaea. Ph.D. thesis, Univ. Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom. UTTLEY, J. 1992. Food supply and the allocation of parental effort in Arctic Terns Sterna paradisaea. Ardea 80:83-91.
Learning to Set Waypoints for Audio-Visual Navigation

In audio-visual navigation, an agent intelligently travels through a complex, unmapped 3D environment using both sights and sounds to find a sound source (e.g., a phone ringing in another room). Existing models learn to act at a fixed granularity of agent motion and rely on simple recurrent aggregations of the audio observations. We introduce a reinforcement learning approach to audio-visual navigation with two key novel elements: 1) waypoints that are dynamically set and learned end-to-end within the navigation policy, and 2) an acoustic memory that provides a structured, spatially grounded record of what the agent has heard as it moves. Both new ideas capitalize on the synergy of audio and visual data for revealing the geometry of an unmapped space. We demonstrate our approach on two challenging datasets of real-world 3D scenes, Replica and Matterport3D. Our model improves the state of the art by a substantial margin, and our experiments reveal that learning the links between sights, sounds, and space is essential for audio-visual navigation.
Speech Act of Complaining in Hamlet

This study investigates the speech act of complaining in Shakespeare’s Hamlet. As a problem of the study, it attempts to purchase the strategies of this speech act that Shakespeare utilize in manufacturing tragedy in the play. It aims at figuring out the strategies of complaining in Hamlet, their frequency and their roles in the drama. The study hypothesizes that different strategies of complaining are used with various frequencies to develop the tragic event of the play. As a model of analysis, the study adopts Trosborg (1995) and, Olshtain and Weinbach (1993) to find out the strategies of the speech act under scrutiny. The data of the study consist of a sample of situations taken from the play under scrutiny. Finally, some conclusions are reached validating the hypotheses of the study.
Quality of life after lower extremity amputation due to diabetic foot ulcer: the role of prosthesis-related factors, body image, self-esteem, and coping styles

How to cite this article: Kizilkurt OK, Kizilkurt T, Yazici Gulec M, Ergun Giynas F, Polat G, Kilicoglu OI, Gulec H. Quality of life after lower extremity amputation due to diabetic foot ulcer: the role of prosthesis-related factors, body image, self-esteem, and coping styles. Dusunen Adam The Journal of Psychiatry and Neurological Sciences 2020;33:109-119. Quality of life after lower extremity amputation due to diabetic foot ulcer: the role of prosthesis-related factors, body image, self-esteem, and coping styles
Sports gynaecology

While the physiological, psychosocial and obstetric health benefits of exercise are well established, there is less awareness of the health implications of long‐term intense exercise. Relative Energy Deficiency in Sport (RED‐S) represents a complex inter‐relationship of health consequences that arise as a result of low energy availability. The common presentations of elite sportswomen to gynaecologists include menstrual abnormalities, delayed menarche, subfertility and urinary incontinence. Gynaecology input, including screening, recognition and management, can minimise the risk of consequences and optimise health, fertility and performance.
Ecological Notes on West African Vegetation: II. Lowland Forest of the Southern Bakundu Forest Reserve

INTRODUCTION . 123 TOPOGRAPHY AND HUMAN INFLUENCES. 124 CLIMATE . 125 SOILS . 128 STRUCTURE AND PHYSIOGNOMY . 131 VEGETATION OF ROADSIDE BANKS. 136 FLORISTIC COMPOSITION . 136 COMPARISONS AND DISCUSSION . 146 ACKNOWLEDGMENTS . 147 SUMMARY . 147 REFERENCES . 148
Linkage between Panda Plumage and Albumin Loci in Japanese Quail

The Japanese quail has 39 pairs of chromosomes1). Therefore, the chance of detecting autosomal linkages is very small. HOMMA and JINNO2) found the first linkage between the two plumage color loci (al or alc and e) on the Z chromosome in the Japanese quail. Subsequently, ITO et al.3) discovered the first autosomal linkage between extended brown (E) and phosphoglucose isomerase (PGI) loci and revealed a highly significant sex difference in the recombination value. The present paper reports on the second linkage found on a different autosome in the Japanese quail.
Briefly noted

Studies suggesting that aspirin has an antistaphylococcal effect prompted a retrospective review of 439 episodes of catheter-associated bacteremia in hemodialysis patients and associated aspirin usage. Significantly fewer Staphylococcus aureus infections were seen in patients receiving aspirin compared with those not so treated (0.17 vs. 0.34 episodes per pt-cathyr); non-S. aureus infections did not differ (1). Multiple logistic regression analysis found a 60% decrease in the risk of a first episode of S. aureus bacteremia in patients receiving aspirin; a dose effect was also apparent with no benefit from low dose (81 mg) aspirin.
Biotic Invasion, Niche Stability, and the Assembly of Regional Biotas in Deep Time: Comparison between Faunal Provinces

Abstract. Biotic invasions in the fossil record provide natural experiments for testing hypotheses of niche stability, speciation, and the assembly and diversity of regional biotas. We compare ecological parameters (preferred environment, occupancy, median abundance, rank abundance) of genera shared between faunal provinces during the Richmondian Invasion in the Late Ordovician on the Laurentian continent. Genera that spread from one faunal province to the other during the invasion (invading shared genera) have high Spearman rank correlations (>0.5) in three of four ecological parameters, suggesting a high level of niche stability among invaders. Genera that existed in both regions prior to and following the invasion (noninvading shared genera) have low correlations (<0.3) and suggest niche shift between lineages that diverged at least 8 Myr earlier. Niche shift did not accumulate gradually over this time interval but appears to have occurred in a pulse associated with the onset of the Taconic orogeny and the switch from warm-water to cool-water carbonates in southern Laurentia.