Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Accesibilidad a los recursos del programa de salud bucodental de la comunidad valenciana

La atencion a la salud bucodental de los ninos y ninas de la Comunidad Valenciana esta cubierta por el Programa de Salud Bucodental desde el ano 1986. Este programa se basa en un modelo de provision de servicios publico, desarrollando sus actividades a traves de las unidades de odontologia, situadas en los Centros de Atencion Primaria de la Agencia Valenciana de Salud. Los objetivos especificos desarrollados en el programa son: promover la adquisicion de habitos alimentarios e higienicos saludables, garantizar el uso correcto del fluor; garantizar la vigilancia y la atencion preventiva de la salud oral en ninos/as de 0 a 14 anos y; detectar precozmente los ninos con problemas para remitirlos a las unidades de odontologia preventiva y prestarles atencion especifica. Con el objetivo de estudiar la accesibilidad de la poblacion infantil de la Comunidad Valenciana a los recursos disponibles para el desarrollo del Plan de Salud Bucodental, se ha planteado un estudio de la poblacion diana por departamentos y municipios, de los recursos odontologicos publicos y privados y de las distancias desde cada municipio a los recursos publicos. Metodologia: La investigacion se ha estructurado en torno a tres bloques de objetivos: los referentes a la poblacion diana; a los recursos disponibles y; a la distancia y distribucion de los recursos. Para ello se han analizado los recursos web existentes y se han seleccionado aquellos cuya informacion y fiabilidad se ajusta mejor a los objetivos planteados. Con los datos obtenidos se han elaborado tablas comparativas para cada uno de los 24 departamentos y se han disenado los mapas de cada departamento con la distribucion de las unidades de odontologia publicas. Resultados: El 51% de la poblacion infantil de 0 a 14 anos de la Comunidad Valenciana reside en la provincia de Valencia, mientras que en Alicante habita el 37% y en Castellon el 12%. Alicante es la provincia que guarda una menor discrepancia demografica entre sus poblaciones, seguida de Castellon y a distancia Valencia. La distribucion de los recursos sanitarios publicos comparados con la poblacion a asistir, indicaban que Alicante era la mejor implementada con el 48% de los recursos, seguida por Valencia con el 38% y Castellon con el 14%. Sin embargo al analizar los recursos privados disponibles fue Valencia la que disfrutaba de un mayor grado de cobertura (71%) seguida por Alicante (23%) y Castellon (6%). Conclusiones: La distribucion geografica de las consultas de Odontologia Infantil en la CV es muy variada entre los 24 departamentos de salud, desde una unica consulta en uno de ellos hasta 10 en otro. Se observa que existe una gran variabilidad entre los kilometros que debe recorrer la poblacion diana tanto dentro de los mismos departamentos como entre ellos, encontrando departamentos de salud en los que los ninos no deben desplazarse de su ciudad para recibir tratamiento dental y departamentos en los que algunos ninos y ninas deben cubrir distancias de hasta 118 km para acceder a las prestaciones del programa de salud bucodental.
Neurorreparación mediada por células progenitoras endoteliales en el ictus isquémico: influencia de factores de proliferación y migración celular endógenos

El ictus es el desarrollo clinico rapido de signos focales de alteracion de la funcion cerebral sin otra causa aparente que no sea el origen vascular. Constituye la segunda causa de muerte y la primera de morbilidad en Espana. La neuroproteccion farmacologica, ampliamente eficaz en modelos experimentales de isquemia cerebral, no se ha mostrado beneficiosa en la practica clinica a pesar del amplio numero de agentes estudiados en ensayos clinicos, debiendose abrir nuevos desarrollos terapeuticos. En este sentido, las Celulas Progenitoras Endoteliales (EPCs) son una estirpe de celulas madre adultas, derivadas de la medula osea, que median procesos de neovascularizacion, reendotelizacion y reparacion del endotelio vascular, en respuesta a una isquemia tisular o a un trauma vascular, promovidas por factores moleculares que activan su proliferacion tales como el VEGF, la SDF-1 alfa y la MMP-9 activa. Este trabajo de investigacion ha estudiado la influencia de las concentraciones de EPCs en sangre periferica sobre el pronostico funcional de pacientes que sufrieron un ictus isquemico agudo. De igual modo, se planteo confirmar que los niveles sericos de VEGF, SDF-1 alfa y MMP-9 activa se asocian con el incremento de las concentraciones de EPCs y con el pronostico funcional, asi como estudiar la influencia de los farmacos administrados en fase aguda (estatinas, citocolina y tPA) sobre la concentracion de EPCs cirulantes en sangre periferica. En el estudio se incluyeron 48 pacientes (24 hombres, edad media, 70.9 (10.1) anos) y con primer episodio de ictus isquemico no lacunar, de mayor 12 horas de evolucion. La evolucion clinica neurologica se valoro mediante la NIHSS a igual escala temporal (al ingreso, 24 y 72 hora, dia 7 y a los 3 meses) que las determinaciones bioquimicas (niveles sericos de VEGF, SDF-1 alfa y MMO-9 activa determinados por tecnicas ELISA). La evolucion funcional de los pacientes se valoro por la Escala Rankin
A common and functional gene variant in the vascular endothelial growth factor a predicts clinical outcome in early‐stage breast cancer

Angiogenesis and cell cycle control play critical roles in breast cancer susceptibility and clinical outcome and are mainly controlled by vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and cyclin‐dependent kinases, respectively. Functional germline polymorphisms in these genes alter the function, thereby causing inter‐individual differences in breast cancer risk and clinical outcome. In this study, we investigated the influence of the functional polymorphisms VEGF‐A rs3025039 C > T and CCND1 rs9344 G > A on risk and clinical outcome in early‐stage breast cancer. DNA of 539 female patients with histologically confirmed early‐stage breast cancer and 804 control subjects was genotyped for these polymorphisms. Genotypes were tested for associations with breast cancer risk and clinical outcome. There was no significant association between the polymorphisms and breast cancer risk. However, the minor allele of VEGF‐A rs3025039 C > T was significantly associated with decreased recurrence‐free survival (HR 1.845; 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.035–3.290; P = 0.038) and remained significant in multivariate analysis (HR 1.880; 95% CI 1.020–3.465; P = 0.043). Patients carrying at least one A‐allele in CCND1 rs9344 G > A showed a trend towards decreased recurrence‐free survival in univariate analysis (HR 2.379; 95% CI 0.841–6.728; P = 0.068). This study provides evidence that the functional VEGF‐A rs3025039 C > T polymorphism influences recurrence‐free survival in early‐stage breast cancer. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
High-Dose Dexmedetomidine for Sedation in the Intensive Care Unit: An Evaluation of Clinical Efficacy and Safety

BACKGROUND: Dexmedetomidine is an α2-receptor agonist used for sedation in the intensive care unit (ICU). Although dexmedetomidine is labeled for sedation in critically ill patients at doses up to 0.7 μg/kg/h, recent studies have used more liberal dosing regimens. However, to our knowledge, no study has assessed the clinical impact of doses greater than 0.7 μg/kg/h when compared to doses within the Food and Drug Administration-approved labeling. OBJECTIVE: To compare the clinical efficacy and safety of high (HD) and low (LD) dses of dexmedetomidine for sedation in the ICU. METHODS: This retrospective study included a sample of patients who received dexmedetomidine in medical, surgical, medical/surgical, and cardiothoracic ICUs between January 1, 2008, and December 1, 2009. Patients were included in the LD group if their maximum dose was less than 0.7 μg/kg/h or in the HD group if any dose was more than 0.7 μg/kg/h. Efficacy was determined by the percentage of Richmond Agitation and Sedation Scale (RASS) scores for each patient maintained at goal sedation (-1 to +1), and safety was determined by the incidence of hypotension and bradycardia. RESULTS: Forty-three of 133 patients received HD dexmedetomidine. Patients in the LD group had a significantly higher percentage of RASS scores at goal (60.0% vs 48.6%; p = 0.03), while those in the HD group experienced a higher percentage of RASS scores classified as undersedated (19.2% vs 4.9%; p = 0.001). There was no significant difference in the incidence of hypotension or bradycardia between groups. CONCLUSIONS: Patients treated with HD dexmedetomidine had fewer RASS scores at goal. Our data suggest that increasing the dose of dexmedetomidine may not enhance sedation efficacy or lead to an increased incidence of adverse effects. Patients who have not achieved goal sedation at doses of 0.7 μg/kg/h or less may not respond further to increased doses.
CIRCULACIÓN ATMOSFÉRICA SOBRE TERRITORIO BOLIVIANO DURANTE LA FASE ACTIVA Y PASIVA DEL MONZÓN SUDAMERICANO

Haciendo uso de los datos climatologicos generado por modelo de acoplamiento oceano-atmosfera iROAM con una resolucion espacial de 0,5◦×0,5◦ en latitud y longitud para el peŕiodo comprendido entre los anos 1998 2003 y los aportados por NCEPReanalisis, se estudio la circulacion meridional del viento, vertical y perfiles verticales durante la fase activa y pasiva del monzon sudamericano. El caracter estacional de los vientos en los niveles bajos de la troposfera se hace evidente y la surgencia de una vorticidad anticiclonica o alta boliviana (20◦S−65W ) en los niveles altos se hace patente en el altiplano boliviano. Cortes transversales longitudinales centrados en 12,5◦S y 15,0◦S para el verano Austral evidencia la existencia de Corrientes en Chorro en los Niveles Bajos (CCBS) de la Troposfera situado en la ladera oriental de los Andes Centrales (800−900 hPa) y una intensidad de 5 [ m s ]
Virus associated adult t‐cell leukemia (ATL) in Japan: Clinical, histological and immunological studies

Virus associated adult T‐cell leukemia/lymphoma (ATLL), which includes both adult T‐cell leukemia (ATL) and its non‐leukemic counterpart (NLATL) was studied clinically, histologically, and immunologically. The disease usually occurred in the sixth decade in both sexes equally. The patients had a rapid clinical course with frequent leukemic changes, lymphadenopathy, hepatomegaly, and occasional skin rash. Bone marrow involvement with mild infiltration and hypercalcemia were more frequent in ATL than in NLATL. Histologically the disease was categorized as malignant lymphoma, diffuse pleomorphic type with cerebriform nuclear giant cells. The lymphoma was characterized by diffuse proliferation of tumor cells with irregular nuclear configurations, varying in size and shape, and the presence of giant cells with highly convoluted cerebriform nuclei. The giant cells seemed to be a diagnostic marker
Timing of metamorphosis and the onset of the negative feedback loop between the thyroid gland and the pituitary is controlled by type II iodothyronine deiodinase in Xenopus laevis

Two important features of amphibian metamorphosis are the sequential response of tissues to different concentrations of thyroid hormone (TH) and the development of the negative feedback loop between the pituitary and the thyroid gland that regulates TH synthesis by the thyroid gland. At the climax of metamorphosis in Xenopus laevis (when the TH level is highest), the ratio of the circulating precursor thyroxine (T4) to the active form 3,5,3′-triiodothyronine (T3) in the blood is many times higher than it is in tissues. This difference is because of the conversion of T4 to T3 in target cells of the tadpole catalyzed by the enzyme type II iodothyronine deiodinase (D2) and the local effect (cell autonomy) of this activity. Limb buds and tails express D2 early and late in metamorphosis, respectively, correlating with the time that these organs undergo TH-induced change. T3 is required to complete metamorphosis because the peak concentration of T4 that is reached at metamorphic climax cannot induce the final morphological changes. At the climax of metamorphosis, D2 expression is activated specifically in the anterior pituitary cells that express the genes for thyroid-stimulating hormone but not in the cells that express proopiomelanocortin. Physiological concentrations of T3 but not T4 can suppress thyrotropin subunit β gene expression. The timing and the remarkable specificity of D2 expression in the thyrotrophs of the anterior pituitary coupled with the requirement for locally synthesized T3 strongly support a role for D2 in the onset of the negative feedback loop at the climax of metamorphosis.
Crisis Intervention Teams in Chicago: Successes on the Ground

Police officers encounter a sizable number of calls involving individuals who have mental illness. In response to the challenges that officers face with mental health calls, police departments nationally are implementing specialized response programs. In this article, we present findings from qualitative interviews with police regarding the implementation of a well-known specialized response model, Crisis Intervention Teams (CIT). Researchers employed a grounded dimensional analysis to examine how CIT is utilized in four Chicago police districts. Results indicate that police, irrespective of whether they received CIT training, perceive an array of benefits of CIT implementation in their district. Implications for practice and policy are discussed.
Dielectric Properties and Morphology in Polyethylene

Polyethylene consists of crystalline parts and amorphous parts. Trap sites for electrons or ions exist on a boundary between them. Mechanical drawing or isothermal crystallization of a bulk from its melt provides increased trap sites due to change of morphology in crystalline lamellae. The trap sites for electrons might be physical cavities, where the cavity probably is best pictured as an irregular space bounded by a particular local arrangement of molecular chains which would be changed by drawing or annealing. The TSC peak is enhanced by drawing, and also we observe particular SCL current characteristics modified by the increase of trap sites. 90% of the vinyl groups in polyethylene are reported to be located at the surface of the crystallite and are able to become trap sites. However, no increase of vinyl groups (910 cm-1 and 990 cm-1) in IR spectra could be detected in a film drawn twice. The morphology of crystalline lamellae is changed by drawing. Breakdown strength is controlled by the tilting of slip planes in crystalline lamellae due to an applied force. Crystalline blocks aligned along the tensile axis might be resistive for electrons attempting to accelerate across aligned chains. It is well known that homogeneous deformation of spherulites due to straining provides a direction for development of an electrical tree. In our experiment, the breakdown strength is higher in the case of a small difference in density between crystalline lamellae and amorphous parts.
Game Design in Virtual Reality Systems for Stroke Rehabilitation

We propose a model for the structured design of games for post-stroke rehabilitation. The model is based on experiences with game development for a haptic and stereo vision immersive workbench intended for daily use in stroke patients' homes. A central component of this rehabilitation system is a library of games that are simultaneously entertaining for the patient and beneficial for rehabilitation [1], and where each game is designed for specific training tasks through the use of the model.
Geldanamycins Trigger a Novel Ron Degradative Pathway, Hampering Oncogenic Signaling*

Ron, the tyrosine kinase receptor for macrophage-stimulating protein is responsible for proliferation and migration of cells from different tissues. Ron can acquire oncogenic potential by single point mutations in the kinase domain, and dysregulated Ron signaling has been involved in the development of different human cancers. We have previously shown that ligand-activated Ron recruits the negative regulator c-Cbl, which mediates its ubiquitylation and degradation. Here we report that Ron is ubiquitylated also by the U-box E3 ligase C-terminal Hsc70-interacting protein (CHIP), recruited via chaperone intermediates Hsp90 and Hsc70. Gene silencing shows that CHIP activity is necessary to mediate Ron degradation upon cell treatment with Hsp90 inhibitors geldanamycins. The oncogenic RonM1254T receptor escapes from c-Cbl negative regulation but retains a strong association with CHIP. This constitutively active mutant of Ron displays increased sensitivity to geldanamycins, enhanced physical interaction with Hsp90, and more rapid degradation rate. Cell growth and migration, as well as the transforming potential evoked by RonM1254T, are abrogated upon Hsp90 inhibition. These data highlight a novel mechanism for Ron degradation and propose Hsp90 antagonists like geldanamycins as suitable pharmacological agents for therapy of cancers where altered Ron signaling is involved.
Transcriptomic Analysis of the Host Response and Innate Resilience to Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli Infection in Humans.

BACKGROUND Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC) is a globally prevalent cause of diarrhea. Though usually self-limited, it can be severe and debilitating. Little is known about the host transcriptional response to infection. We report the first gene expression analysis of the human host response to experimental challenge with ETEC. METHODS We challenged 30 healthy adults with an unattenuated ETEC strain, and collected serial blood samples shortly after inoculation and daily for 8 days. We performed gene expression analysis on whole peripheral blood RNA samples from subjects in whom severe symptoms developed (n = 6) and a subset of those who remained asymptomatic (n = 6) despite shedding. RESULTS Compared with baseline, symptomatic subjects demonstrated significantly different expression of 406 genes highlighting increased immune response and decreased protein synthesis. Compared with asymptomatic subjects, symptomatic subjects differentially expressed 254 genes primarily associated with immune response. This comparison also revealed 29 genes differentially expressed between groups at baseline, suggesting innate resilience to infection. Drug repositioning analysis identified several drug classes with potential utility in augmenting immune response or mitigating symptoms. CONCLUSIONS There are statistically significant and biologically plausible differences in host gene expression induced by ETEC infection. Differential baseline expression of some genes may indicate resilience to infection.
Template Images for Nonhuman Primate Neuroimaging: 2. Macaque

Neuroimaging studies are increasingly performed in macaque species, including the pig-tailed macaque (Macaca nemestrina). At times experimental questions can be answered by analysis of functional images in individual subjects and reference to a structural image in that subject. However, coregistration of functional brain images across many subjects offers the experimental advantage of enabling voxel-based analysis over multiple subjects and is therefore widely used in human studies. Voxel-based coregistration methods require a high-quality 3D template image. We created such templates, derived from T1-weighted MRI and blood-flow PET images from 12 nemestrina monkeys. We designed the macaque templates to be maximally compatible with the baboon template images described in a companion paper, to facilitate cross-species comparison of functional imaging data. Here we present data showing the reliability and validity of automatic image registration to the template. Alignment of selected internal fiducial points was accurate to within 1.9 mm overall (mean) even across species. The template images, along with copies aligned to the UCLA nemestrina brain atlas, are available on the Internet (purl.org/net/kbmd/n2k) and can be used as targets with any image registration software.
Hhip haploinsufficiency sensitizes mice to age-related emphysema

Significance Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have been very successful in discovering genetic loci associated with complex traits. However, only few studies applied murine models to investigate how GWAS genes contribute to human lung diseases. Motivated by GWAS linking Hedgehog interacting protein (HHIP) to emphysema and impairments in lung function, this study demonstrated that Hhip+/− mice developed spontaneous emphysema and lung function impairment over time. Moreover, emphysema, associated with increased oxidative stress in Hhip+/− lungs, was prevented by treating the mice with the antioxidant, N-acetyl cysteine (NAC). This post-GWAS functional study connects aging-related diseases, molecular mechanisms, and potential therapy in a genetic haploinsufficient murine model, which may lead to improvements in understanding pathophysiologic concepts of alveolar loss related to aging. Genetic variants in Hedgehog interacting protein (HHIP) have consistently been associated with the susceptibility to develop chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and pulmonary function levels, including the forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1), in general population samples by genome-wide association studies. However, in vivo evidence connecting Hhip to age-related FEV1 decline and emphysema development is lacking. Herein, using Hhip heterozygous mice (Hhip+/−), we observed increased lung compliance and spontaneous emphysema in Hhip+/− mice starting at 10 mo of age. This increase was preceded by increases in oxidative stress levels in the lungs of Hhip+/− vs. Hhip+/+ mice. To our knowledge, these results provide the first line of evidence that HHIP is involved in maintaining normal lung function and alveolar structures. Interestingly, antioxidant N-acetyl cysteine treatment in mice starting at age of 5 mo improved lung function and prevented emphysema development in Hhip+/− mice, suggesting that N-acetyl cysteine treatment limits the progression of age-related emphysema in Hhip+/− mice. Therefore, reduced lung function and age-related spontaneous emphysema development in Hhip+/− mice may be caused by increased oxidative stress levels in murine lungs as a result of haploinsufficiency of Hhip.