Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Effectiveness of Bulk Modification Method for Rice Breeding to Develop Lines Adapted to Suboptimum Soil P Condition

Phosphorus deficiency is common in rice cultivated soils and particularly acting as a limiting factor in the acid sulfate and acid upland soils. Improved variety adapted to low soil-P condition is needed to reduce the need of P fertilizer and to increase rice yield. A study was conducted on the application of modified bulk selection method in rice breeding to develop lines adapted to low soil-P condition. The materials used in the study were two populations of F3 generation derived from crosses of IR6008023/Bernas Prima and Gampai/Progol. The materials were planted on P sub-optimum condition at Muara Experiment Station, Bogor, West Java, to obtain F4 and F5 population, selected using modified bulk method. The F5 population were planted on two environment conditions, namely on P optimum (36 kg/ha P2O5) and on P sub-optimum (without P fertilizer) to obtain F6 population. A total of 40 lines from each population were selected, so that 160 F6 lines were obtained. The F6 lines were evaluated on P+ and Pconditions, using augmented design. Result showed that selection for lines adapted to Pshould be done on Pcondition, whereas for those adapted to P+ could be done on either P+ or Pcondition. Lines selected for Pwere different from those selected for P+, and some lines selected for both Pand P+ felt at different yield ranks. It was concluded that modified bulk method followed by line selection was effective to develop breeding lines adapted to Por P+. For P-, the modified bulk and line selection should be conducted in P-, whereas for P+, the modified bulk could be planted on P+ or P-, but the line selection should be conducted on P+ condition.
Improvement of The Angle Measurement Accuracy for Indoor UWB Localization

As the demand for indoor localization increases, several ultrawideband (UWB) localization systems are proposed and evaluated. The most difficult challenge for positioning is to find the simplest and most accurate indoor localization method. In this paper, a method of a 2D UWB indoor localization system is presented, allowing to improve the accuracy of angular measurement using a sliding window correlation method. The proposed architecture is simple, and the position of a tag is determined by the relative range and angle from the dedicated localization base station. The experimental results show that the proposed method can achieve high accuracy in estimating position and angle.
Deep Hierarchical Machine: a Flexible Divide-and-Conquer Architecture

We propose Deep Hierarchical Machine (DHM), a model inspired from the divide-and-conquer strategy while emphasizing representation learning ability and flexibility. A stochastic routing framework as used by recent deep neural decision/regression forests is incorporated, but we remove the need to evaluate unnecessary computation paths by utilizing a different topology and introducing a probabilistic pruning technique. We also show a specified version of DHM (DSHM) for efficiency, which inherits the sparse feature extraction process as in traditional decision tree with pixel-difference feature. To achieve sparse feature extraction, we propose to utilize sparse convolution operation in DSHM and show one possibility of introducing sparse convolution kernels by using local binary convolution layer. DHM can be applied to both classification and regression problems, and we validate it on standard image classification and face alignment tasks to show its advantages over past architectures.
A CAR PRODUCTION LINE ADJUSTMENTS BY USING CASE-BASED REASONING

 Abstract: As a test bed for the Case-Based Reasoning (CBR) approach for automating processes adjustments, the Volvo Car manufacturing process for parts known as crossmembers is chosen. To test the CBR based system, a subset of solved cases is selected and fed as simulated new cases, to developed prototype CBR system. The results show that the CBR is a valuable and promising methodology that can be used for improving this, and other similar industrial processes.
Hypoglycemic activity of Berg-e-Arusa and Shoneez.

Diabetic problem has become more common in last few decades due to pressure of growing population, ecological disturbances and fast changing life styles. Presently, two main groups of substances are recognized as oral hypoglycemic agents but they are not risk free. In Tibb-e-Unani, many medicinal plants and mineral origin drugs have been mentioned to control diabetes but scientific validation of their antidiabetic properties is the need of the day. Therefore, in the study, the combination of two Unani drugs, i.e. Arusa (leaves of Adhatoda vasica Nees.) and Shoneez (seeds of Nigella sativa Linn.) was selected for the assessment of hypoglycemic activity. The hypoglycemic effect of the individual drug was studied and found to be effective (p<0.05) in the same model. Therefore, the study was designed to find out any synergistic effect of the combination of two drugs. The test combination was studied both in acute and one week models in healthy adult albino rabbits of either sex. Diabetes was observed in the rabbits (fasting blood glucose level ranged from 200-250 mg/100 ml) within 24 hrs after injection of alloxan and divided into 4 groups i.e. diabetic control (distilled water), diabetic standard (glibenclamide), diabetic test A (Arusa & Shoneez) and diabetic test B (Arusa & Shoneez) . Each group consisted of 5 rabbits. Blood samples were obtained from the marginal ear veins at 0 hr (initial) and 2 hrs, 3 hrs and 6 hrs after drug administration. Blood glucose was estimated by the end point Otoluidine. The study revealed that the aqueous extract of test combination given orally reduced the blood glucose level in alloxan induced diabetic rabbits. The significant reduction (p<0.05) in blood glucose level started after 3 hrs which continued for 6 hrs in both the groups.
In)efficiency of auctions with the asymmetry of rights

The private entrepreneurs are not forced to limit themselves to the standard auction rules, and in case of the procurement auctions one can observe many hybrid or quasi-auction rules spontaneously introduced. The paper analyzes two of them, that are based on the common assumption: the second-best bidder is given an additional right to improve her initial bid, and therefore win the auction. The focus of the paper is on the analysis of price and allocative efficiency of such modifications, to determine whether they can serve as an alternative to the standard auction rules. Theoretical analyses, followed by the laboratory experiments, provide no proof for that conclusion though, as none of the rules under study beats the classical first-price sealed-bid auction.
Citizenship without community: Time, design and the city1

This article engages with the concept of design as a way of re-working the standard understanding of citizenship as what takes place within a political community. In doing so, the paper draws on recent attempts to rethink citizenship as ‘acts’ rather than status and seeks to bring that work together with attempts at re-imagining community as ‘encounters’ and ‘confrontations’ rather than that which is contained within a bounded space. Specifically, the paper argues for an approach that is attentive to ideas of time and seeks to open up an idea of community that avoids the requirement of commonality. Using a focus on citizenship as a temporal phenomenon, the article suggests that designers have engaged with ideas of time as multiple, fragmented and splintered, and that these form useful material for reworking ideas of community beyond something that can be calculated. The article offers a study of two sites of memory drawn from the city of Berlin, Daniel Libeskind's Jewish Museum and Peter Eisenmann's Memorial to the Murdered Jews of Europe, and an art installation by the artist Gustav Metzger called Flailing Trees exhibited at the Manchester International Festival of 2009. Gathering material offered by these designs, and a tradition of writing the city as a splintered social space, the article explores the different forms of community that circulate and are instantiated at these ‘sites of memory’ and argues for an understanding of community without unity.
Spinning particles in vacuum space-times of different curvature types -- I

We consider the motion of spinning test particles with non-zero rest mass in the "pole-dipole" approximation, as described by the Mathisson--Papapetrou--Dixon (MPD) equations, and examine its properties in dependence on the spin supplementary condition added to close the system and on algebraic type of curvature. The MPD equation of motion is first decomposed in the orthonormal tetrad whose time-like vector is given by the four-velocity $V^\mu$ fixing the spin condition (the "reference observer") and the first spatial vector by the corresponding spin $s^\mu$; such MPD-equation projections do not contain the Weyl scalars $\Psi_0$ and $\Psi_4$ obtained in the related Newman--Penrose null tetrad. One natural option how to choose the remaining two spatial basis vectors, is shown to follow "intrinsically" whenever the reference observer $V^\mu$ has been chosen; it is realizable if the particle's four-velocity and four-momentum are not parallel. In order to discuss the problem in dependence on space-time Petrov type, it is natural to align the real vectors of the Newman--Penrose tetrad with the Weyl-tensor principal null directions (and thus to set $V^\mu$ and $s^\mu$ accordingly). In space-times of any algebraic type but III, it is moreover possible to rotate the tetrad so as to become "transverse", namely so that $\Psi_1$ and $\Psi_3$ vanish; the spinning-particle motion is then fully determined by $\Psi_2$ and the cosmological constant. Besides focusing on specific Petrov types, we derive several sets of useful relations valid generally and check whether/how the exercise simplifies for some particular types of motion. The option of having four-velocity parallel to four-momentum is treated in some detail and a natural resolution of non-uniqueness of the corresponding reference observer $V^\mu$ is suggested.
Tasković Edge theorem for finite partially ordered sets

In this paper the fixed edge theorem is proved: Let P be a finite, connected partially ordered set and f an antitone map of P into itself. Then there exists a fixed edge of / or there exist connected subsets C, G of P of length one with I(C) = I(G) = 0 such that f(C) = G f(G) = C. Also, if P is dismantlable by irreducib.es then P has the fixed edge property.
Building a mosaic of values to support local water resources management

Water valuation is needed to enable sound and well-informed decisions on the allocation and management of water resources. The existing methods for water valuation have an important potential and need to be further developed. Practical tools are especially urgently needed to aid implementation on the ground. There is a need to expand the scope of existing water valuation methods beyond the focus on economic values to also include social and environmental values. Also, water valuation needs to fit the constraints of data availability and expertise that are typically found in practice and should be stakeholder driven, addressing values that are of relevance to local stakeholders. This paper proposes a stakeholder-driven approach to water valuation, based on the use of different indicators to produce a mosaic of values that support water resources management by local stakeholders. The use of this approach is illustrated by a case study in Tanzania.
Stochastic Thermal Dosimetry for the Three Compartment Head Model

This paper presents a stochastic approach to the assessment of the temperature elevation in human head tissues due to the exposure to high frequency electromagnetic field. The novelty in this work is based on the coupling of the heterogeneous human head model with the stochastic method. Namely, the thermal parameters of three head tissues are modeled as random variables in order to capture the influence of the input uncertainty on the temperature elevation. The volumetric perfusion blood rate and tissue thermal conductivity of scalp, skull and brain are modelled as random variables with uniform distributions. The chosen thermal parameters are selected according to the findings in the previous work of the authors for a simpler homogeneous human brain model. The chosen parameters are shown to be the most influential ones regarding the temperature elevation. The propagation of uncertainties from the input random parameters to the output of interest, i.e. temperature elevation is carried out by using the non-intrusive Lagrange stochastic collocation method. A sparse grid interpolation in the multidimensional random space is used which speeds up the calculation compared to traditional Monte Carlo sampling methods or full tensor stochastic collocation approach. The presented results provide an insight into the behavior of the model output with respect to parameter variations and allows the ranking of the input parameters from the most to the least influential ones.
Effects of hormonal growth promotants (HGP) on growth, carcass characteristics, the palatability of different muscles in the beef carcass and their interaction with aging

Effects of hormonal growth promotant (HGP) implantation on liveweight, carcass and meat quality measurements were examined using 80 Angus yearling cattle. After entry to the feedlot, 40 steers and 40 heifers were implanted with Revalor-S (28mg oestradiol and 140mg trenbolone acetate) and Revalor-H (20mg oestradiol, 200mg trenbolone acetate), respectively. Cattle were slaughtered after 55 and 65 days on feed. Samples from the Mm. longissimus dorsi,bicepsfemoris(thecapandbodyportions),gluteusmedius(theeyeandDportions),infraspinatusandtricepsbrachii werepreparedforsensorytestingafteragingfor5and21daysafterslaughter.Atotalof854musclesampleswerecookedby grill (601) or roast (253) methods and served to consumers using the Meat Standards Australia taste panel protocols. Whenadjustedtothesameinitialliveweight,implantationwithRevalor-HandRevalor-Sresultedina4and7%increase in slaughter weight, respectively. Implantation resulted in an increased ossification score in steers (P <0.05), but not in heifers. Therewas asignificantinteraction(P <0.05) betweenHGPimplantation anddaysaged forshearforce.There wasa small effect of HGP implants on compression (P <0.05), but not on cook loss and intramuscular fat percentage. Muscles differed in their response to HGP implantation (P <0.05) for tenderness, overall liking and palatability scores. Muscles also differedintheiragingratesafterslaughter(P <0.05). ThegreatestresponseinsensoryscorestoHGPimplantationwasfound in those muscles that had the highest aging rates. Possible mechanisms by which muscles differed in their response to HGP implantation are discussed.
Heavy Metals Content in Classroom Dust of Some Public Primary Schools in Metropolitan Lagos, Nigeria

This aim of the study is to determine the levels of heavy metals (Pb, Cr, Cd and Mn) in 40 dust samples obtained from the classrooms of some public primary schools in Lagos State, Nigeria. Children are more susceptible to the adverse health effects of heavy metal pollution due to their small body size, developing nervous system, high absorption rate and behavioral pattern present during childhood. Exposure to heavy metalladen dustis considered to be a significant contributor. To assess the extent of pollution by heavy metals, classroom dust samples were obtained from 40 selected schools in Lagos, Nigeria. The samples were subjected to aqua regia microwave digestion and analysed using graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrophotometer.The results showed that the classroom dusts contained PbHD 23.89±16.39, PbLD 22.77±9.21; CrHD 10.53±5.08, CrLD6.17±2.47; CdHD0.09±0.12, CdLD0.09±0.10 :g/g, respectively. Interestingly, the highest concentration of lead (82.51 :g/g) was found in a classroom far removed from any commercial or industrial activites, Ajeromi-Ifelodun high density area while Ikeja, a more industrialized area has lower concentration of the metal. The values obtained in this study are lower than expected but it is still a source of concern since children are exposed to this environment daily and for appreciable period of time.
Low-Dosed X-Ray Computed Tomography Imaging by Regularized Fully Spatial Fractional-Order Perona-Malik Diffusion

Existing fractional-order Perona-Malik Diffusion (FOPMD) algorithms used in noise suppressing suffer from undesired artifacts and speckle effect, which hamper FOPMD used in low-dosed X-ray computed tomography (LDCT) imaging. In this paper, we propose a new FOPMD method for low-dose computed tomography (LDCT) imaging, which is called regularized fully spatial FOPMD (RFS-FOPMD), whose numerical scheme is also given based on Grunwald-Letnikov derivative (G-L derivative). Here, fully spatial FOPMD represents all the integer-order derivatives (IODs) in the right hand of Perona-Malik Diffusion (PMD) which are replaced by fractional-order derivatives (FODs). Since the new scheme has advantages of both regularization and FOPMD, it has good abilities in singularities preserving while suppressing noise. Some real sinogram of LDCT are used to compare the different performances not only for some classical but also for some state-of-art diffusion schemes. These schemes include PMD, regularized PMD (RPMD), and FOPMD in (Hu et al. 2012). Experimental results show that besides good ability in edge preserving, the new scheme also has good stability for iteration number and can avoid artifacts and speckle effect with suitable parameters.
The economic costs of alcohol misuse in Portugal

Aim: This study estimates the total economic burden of alcohol misuse in Portugal. Specifically, it reports estimates of morbidity and co-morbidity treatment costs and assesses the value of lost productivity related to alcohol misuse, for the year 1995. Methods and Sources: The study examines health care costs focusing on the nine most frequent diseases associated with alcohol misuse. The societal perspective was adopted and the prevalence-based Cost-of-Illness studies used to evaluate annual costs. The study is based on data obtained from different appropriate sources. Medical records from 88 public short-stay hospitals, provided by the Financing Management Institute in the Portuguese Ministry of Health. Hospital discharges, death causes and consultations obtained from Health Statistics and Mortality Statistics, published by the National Statistical Institute. And data on crime and motor vehicle crashes reported in the Sixth United Nations Survey on Crime Trends (UNICRI) and in the General State Account, published by the Ministry of Finance. Results : Approximately 19 878 discharges from alcohol misuse, representing 2.3% of total discharges, were estimated to occur in public short-stay hospitals. In public and private psychiatric hospitals 2 613 alcoholic discharges were estimated (18% of total mental healthdischarges in that year). The annual costs of health care services amounted to €33 million. Of this, 63% was due to inpatient care and 24% to ambulatory care. The criminal justice system and prison administration were estimated to cost €19 million whilst property damages due to motor vehicle crashes amounted to €57 million. Indirect costs were estimated to be €325 million. Of this, €76 million was due to the human cost of premature mortality. Conclusions : It is concluded that, in 1995, alcohol misuse imposed a burden of €434 million on the Portuguese economy, representing 0.6 % of Gross Domestic Product and a per capita cost estimate of €52. In examining the share of each component in total costs, both criminal justice and hospital care systems appear to have similar burdens, imposed by alcohol misuse. However, the greatest burden arises from losses in productivity resulting from illness and premature death.
The Role of Warranty of Misinforming for New Product Adoption

This study considers the impact of warranty agreement during the process of a new product adoption, mainly its impact on the risk of misinforming, which naturally arises during this process. It addresses the risk of misinforming in the following two phases of the product adoption - acquiring and utilization of the product. In the first phase the warranty of misinforming acts as a promotional tool, while in the second phase it serves mostly as a risk sharing mechanism. The paper investigates the role of warranty of misinforming in an "ideal" case, when the consumer optimizes the purchase decision led by rational assessment of his needs, product's price and some supplementary costs.
Wireless Network Security Using Intrusion Detection System

A major problem for networked systems is hostile trespassers. These trespassers may be users or software used by users to trespass a network. Trespasses may be in the form of authorized logon to a machine or acquisition of privileges and performance of actions beyond that have been authorized when in the case of an authorized user. To protect these resources, we need to detect the intrusions or intended intrusions, as absolute security may not be possible. Automatic detection of attacks [1] requires some kind of machine learning approach for the detection purposes. For machine learning to be successful, the machines have to be trained for known types of attacks.
Cytotoxic Activity of Hexane Extracts of Psidium guajava L (Myrtaceae) and Cassia alata L (Caesalpineaceae) in Kasumi-1 and OV2008 Cancer Cell Lines

Purpose: The cytotoxic effects of hexane extracts of Cassia alata and Psidium guajava leaves were evaluated in OV2008 ovarian and Kasumi-1 leukemia cancer cell lines, respectively. Methods: The cancer cells were exposed to various concentrations of either C. alata (100 – 180 μg/ml) or P. guajava (100 – 500 μg/ml) leaf extract for 24 h. Following treatment, the cells were evaluated using the 3-(4,5-Dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay to determine the cytotoxic effect of the extracts. C. alata extract was also analyzed using high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Results: C. alata and P. guajava extracts produced significant (p < 0.05) cytotoxicity in OV2008 and Kasumi-1 cell lines, respectively. The IC50 values were 160 μg/ml for C. alata and 200 μg/ml for P guajava. Further, the cytotoxicity exhibited by C. alata might be attributable to the flavonoid, kaempferol, which was identified as a constituent of the extract. Conclusion: The results suggest that further chemical analysis and mechanistic investigations should be conducted on P. guajava and C. alata extracts to validate their potential uses for anticancer therapy. Keywords: P. guajava, C. alata , Cytotoxicity, Kasumi-1, Cancer cell, OV2008