Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Impact analysis of factors influencing bank capital management

Issues of bank capital management have always been topical for each commercial bank and for bank supervisory institutions. After-effects of the financial crises have encouraged strengthening of capital adequacy requirements and therefore supporting the reasonable risk level. Basel Committee on Banking Supervision adopted a range of guidelines, which promote raising of bank stability and safety, stressing the importance of capital as risk coverage. The aim of the research is the determination of factors influencing bank capital adequacy and assessment of financial strength of capital and especially equity in commercial banks. The subject of this research is focusses on commercial banks of Eastern Europe. Methodologically, research methods as comparison, factors analysis, ratio analysis, charts showing statistic information and others have been used by authors. As the result of the investigation, factors influencing bank capital adequacy have been identified. The most important of these factors is credit risk, which is specially analysed in this research. The obtained results allowed the authors to make a range of conclusions, of which some are: in the period of financial crises most of European commercial banks were operating on the verge of capital adequacy, banks did not have sufficient buffer capital, due to substantial losses during the period of crises capital adequacy was maintained only by the inflow of new share capital and subordinated capital. The authors have provided several suggestions concerning the management of bank capital adequacy to commercial banks.
Cloning and expression of fusion (F) and haemagglutinin-neuraminidase (HN) genes of Newcastle disease virus in insect host (Sf9cells)

The lentogenic strain of Newcastle disease virus (NDV) was propagated in 9–11 day-old specific pathogen free (SPF) embryonated chicken eggs. Allantoic fluid was collected after the death of embryo, the obtained allantoic fluid showed virus titre (HA) of 1:256. Viral RNA was extracted from allantoic fluid by Trizol method, complementary RNA was synthesized by reverse transcriptase enzyme (superscript-III) and full length recombinant fusion and recombinant haemagglutinin- neuraminidase gene was amplified by PCR using gene specific primers. Gel purified PCR products were cloned into pTriEx neo 1.1 expression vector and transformed into E. coli BL-21 DE3 cells. The presence of insert in recombinant colonies was confirmed by colony PCR, restriction digestion and sequencing of insert released products. Cloned recombinant plasmids of fusion and haemagglutinin neuraminidase genes were expressed in Sf9 cells using baculovirus expression vector system. After 72 h of transfection plaque assay was done to confirm the presence of recombinant virus and then positive recombinant viruses were transfected to insect cells. The expression of recombinant proteins in Sf9 cells was confirmed by sodium dodecyl sulphate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS- PAGE), immunoblotting and immunofluorescent assays (IFA).
Corollary and Commentary for "Climate and Evolution"

In its principal outlines, the history of th-e st-udy of animal geography has been a simple one. The mass of geographic data on the distribution of animals, accumulating from the time of Linnaeus and before, could not be integrated or interpreted while the doctrine of special creation was current. Once a belief in evolution gained acceptance, animal and plant geography became of great interest in any broad review of biological problems, in the description of the host of new forms being discovered, and in any general account of the life of the world as a whole.
Some Notes on the Insect Fauna of an Iowa Prairie.

The original prairie of Iowa has nearly disappeared. The few remaining tracts will be preserved for many years because of general interest in the native conditions of the state. A large number of prairie insects have been described, and reported. Since the life histories, habits, and hosts of only a few have been recorded, it was thought that a study of the insect fauna of a prairie area would be of general interest, and value.
Nomenclature of Tahitian Bridal Veil

Tahitian bridal veil traditionally has been assigned the scientific name of Tradescentia multiflora (or Tradescentia multifoila in the floricultural industry. Hortus Third lacks the name Tahitian bridal veil. Other references also lack this vernacular name or assign this plant either to Tripogandra or Gibasis as G . geniculata or G. pellucida. Thus, modern literature references suggest three potential scientific names. Plants of Tahitian bridal veil were examined morphologically. A description was prepared and compared to literature descriptions of the taxa involved. Results indicated that Tahitian bridal veil was misidentified at least twice by earlier authors and that the correct name for Tahitian bridal veil is G. pellucida.
Impact of Cone-Picking on Seed Banks and Animals

In the Changbai Mountain Natural Reserve,there were more than 250 terrestrial vertebrate species,accounting for over 69% of animals in Changbai Mountain. Many of them were rare and endangered species. Every year there are Korean pine trees that can produce fruit cones in original Korean pine forests,providing a lot of food for animals,which depend on cones very much. However,because of continuously commercial cone-picking,these cones on Korean pine trees sharply became fewer in number in a short time and most of them were dropped during cone-picking. The density of Korean pine seeds on the floor was 1582～2640 hm -2 which accounted for 0.3%～0.5% of that in the 1970s.Furthermore,over 67.8% of those seeds were rotten in Korean pine forests. As a result,they would badly affect natural regeneration of Korean pines and the food source of animals. Therefore,the impacts of cone-picking on animals were discussed according to the principle of food chains and the relationships between animals and habitats. The result indicated that,on the one hand,Korean pine could not regenerate naturally without animals' help,which affected the normal succession of Korean pine forests thus destroying habitats. On the other hand,animals' number would change because of lack of Korean pine seeds in Korean pine forests,which would destroy food chains there so that distribution of animals will alter in Korean pine forests of Changbai Mountain Natural Reserve.
Neuro2013

Neuro2013, a joint conference of the 36th annual meeting of the Japan Neuroscience Society (Congress President: Professor Tadafumi Kato, RIKEN Brain Science Institute), the 56th annual meeting of the Japanese Society for Neurochemistry (Congress President: Professor Hiroshi Kiyama, Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya University) and the 23rd annual meeting of the Japanese Neural Network Society (Congress President: Dr Hiroaki Gomi, NTT Communication Science Laboratories), was held at the Kyoto International Conference Center from 20 June to 23 June 2013 (Fig. 1). The joint meeting was dedicated to promoting an interdisciplinary exchange of information on the latest progress in neuroscience and neurochemistry covering the vast areas of brain science among neuroscientists in Japan and overseas. Participation by neuroimmunologists was low; however, the research presentations were very impressive and could be extremely useful, even for neuroimmunologists. We would like to introduce some examples in the present report. Professor Hiroshi Kiyama, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine (Nagoya, Japan), gave an educational lecture on functional morphology of glial cells. Immunostaining for glial fibrillary acidic protein usually shows the major processes and bodies of astrocytes, whereas immunostaining for the astrocyte-specific glutamate transporter, GLAST, makes numerous astrocytic fine processes visible. Each astrocyte has its own territory, and they never overlap with the domains of adjacent astrocytes. Astrocytes are well-known to be an indispensable component of tripartite synapses. Here, presynaptic and postsynaptic boutons are covered by astrocytic processes. Neural transmission through excitatory neurotransmitters, such as glutamic acid, mainly occurs at these tripartite synapses. Glutamic acid released from the presynapse is taken up by astrocytes through glutamate transporter-1 and metabolized to glutamine by glutamate synthase before being recycled to the presynaptic bouton. Glutamic acid can also activate astrocytes through metabotropic glutamate receptors, whereas activated astrocytes release prostaglandin E2 that induces vasodilatation. This is one of the mechanisms underlying increased (a)
The Races, Places, and Molecular Faces

The classical experiments on synaptic vesicle recycling in the 1970s by Heuser and Reese, Ceccarelli, and their colleagues raised opposing theories regarding the speed, mechanisms, and locations of membrane retrieval at the synapse. The Heuser and Reese experiments supported a model in which synaptic vesicle recycling is mediated by the formation of coated vesicles, is relatively slow, and occurs distally from active zones, the sites of neurotransmitter release. Because heavy levels of stimulation were needed to visualize the coated vesicles, Ceccarelli’s experiments argued that synaptic vesicle recycling does not require the formation of coated vesicles, is relatively fast, and occurs directly at the active zone in a “kiss-and-run” reversal of exocytosis under more physiological conditions. For the next thirty years, these models have provided the foundation for studies of the rates, locations, and molecular elements involved in synaptic vesicle endocytosis. Here, we describe the evidence supporting each model and argue that the coated vesicle pathway is the most predominant physiological mechanism for recycling synaptic vesicles.
REASSESSING THE ONTOGENETIC CRITERION: A RESPONSE TO PATTERSON

With morphological data from centrarchid fishes, I quantitatively and empirically assessed the general utility of the ontogenetic criterion by comparing the ontogenetic changes that I observed, with the phylogenetic changes that were implied by three, carefully selected phylogenetic trees (Mabee, 1989a, 1993). Ideally, one would evaluate the ontogenetic criterion using the single, most parsimonious phylogeny for centrarchids that is constructed using data that is completely independent of ontogeny. Alternatively, in the absence of such a tree, all possible phylogenetic hypotheses for centrarchids might be examined (8.7×10 rooted trees possible). I circumvented the lack of a single most parsimonious tree, and the impossibility of character state interpretation on all possible trees, using the following approach. First, I conducted a phylogenetic analysis of centrarchids, using 56 morphological characters, excluding all ontogenetic information, and rooting using the outgroup criterion. This analysis resulted in over a hundred equally parsimonious trees, and I chose one as a working hypothesis that was consistent with other estimates of centrarchid relationships. On this tree, the ontogenetic criterion correctly polarized about one third (32.1%) of the phylogenetic change. Given the other equally parsimonious trees, however, as well as the enormous number of total possible trees for centrarchids (8.7×10), it seemed likely that there might be a tree or group of trees for which the ontogenetic criterion would correctly polarize much more of the character change. That is, if the ontogenetic criterion could be evaluated on the single true tree representing centrarchid evolution, one might discover that it predicted polarity correctly for 100% of the character state change. The question then became that of how to generate the single tree out of the 8.7×10 possible that is most consistent with the ontogenetic criterion, i.e. that tree for which the maximum amount of character state change is correctly interpreted by the ontogenetic criterion. I generated this “boundary condition” tree by polarizing all characters using the ontogenetic criterion (instead of outgroup) and ordering multistate characters according to the order in which they appeared during ontogeny. Interpreted in light of this tree (one that appears exceedingly improbable) the ontogenetic criterion correctly polarizes about half (51.9%) of the character state change. I also calculated the tree that implied the minimum amount of character state change that could be correctly polarized by the ontogen-
Erratum

In “Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG increases cyclooxygenase‐2 expression and prostaglandin E2 secretion in colonic myofibroblasts via a MyD88‐dependent mechanism during homeostasis”, which was published in issue 11, October 2018 (Uribe et al., 2018), the author would like to add the Acknowledgement below as the funding source for the paper. “This study was supported in part by a Clinical and Translational Science Award NRSA (TL1) Training grant (TL1TR001440) from the National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, National Institutes for Health. ”
Molecular evolution and phylogeny of the Laminariales : analysis of the nuclear coded ribosomal cistron

Molecular investigations were undertaken for a variety of representative Laminariales (kelp) to obtain insights into their evolution and phylogeny. These aspects of kelp biology are poorly understood owing to phenotypic plasticity and the paucity of a fossil record. For this reason I have undertaken restriction-enzyme mapping of the nuclear coded ribosomal cistron and dideoxy sequencing of the small-subunit (SSU) and internal transcribed spacers (ITS), including the 5.8s gene, of the cistron. Restriction-enzyme mapping was phylogenetically uninformative for these taxa. The rRNA gene coding regions were too conserved for meaningful comparisons. In contrast, the intergenic spacer (IGS) was too variable and homologous restriction sites could not be assigned with certainty. Sequencing revealed that the SSU genes for representatives of seven kelp genera were too highly conserved to resolve phylogenetic relationships. By applying SSU divergence estimates to a molecular clock, I proposed that the kelp employed in the current study diverged from a common ancestor as recently as 16-20 mya, rather than 200-300 mya suggested in interpretations of the fossil record. Reevaluation of kelp relationships to other heterokonts, using the first complete kelp SSU sequence, essentially supported earlier cytological and molecular derived phylogenies. The ITS regions of the ribosomal cistron, including the 5.8s gene, for representatives of the genera Alaria and Postelsia were compared to those of other eukaryotes. Features such as length, G+C balance, distribution of conserved and variable regions, and putative post-transcriptional processing sites are discussed. The 5.8s gene sequence of Alaria was compared to those of other eukaryotes adding the chromophyte lineage to a universal 5.8s phylogeny. Regions of the SSU (3' terminus), ITSI, 5.8s gene and ITS2 were sequenced for a variety of alariacean and lessoniacean taxa. These data supported the polyphyletic state proposed for the Lessoniaceae based on chloroplast-DNA data and additionally contrasted other aspects of traditional kelp taxonomy.
Parataxonomic classification of Late Cretaceous dinosaur eggshells from India

The Late Cretaceous eggs and eggshell fragments of India have been parataxonomally described and classified as follows: seven new oospecies (Megaloolithus cylindricus, M. jabalpurensis, M. mohaheyi, M. baghensis, M. dholryaensis, M. walpurensis and M. padiyalensis) are of rubospherulitic morphotype and have been assigned to the oogenus Megaloolithus of the oofamily Megaloolithidae. The eighth new oospecies {Subtiliolithus kachchhensis) of ornithoid-ratite morphotype has been assigned to the oogenus Subtiliolithus of the oofamily Subtiliolithidae. In the absence of identifiable embryonic remains in the Megaloolithus oospecies, these eggs have been correlated to the taxa of Sauropoda based mostly on the titanosaurid bones found in the associated strata. Subtiliolithus may represent an avian eggshell or eggshell of a small theropod dinosaur.
UNINFORMATIVE BOOTSTRAPPING

The effect of uninformative characters on the “significance levels” obtained by bootstrapping in cladistic analysis is investigated empirically. Twenty‐eight data sets from Platnick's benchmarks are analysed with Siddall's Random Cladistics bootstrapping module and Farris’Hennig86 program, using 1000 replicates and exact calculations. Contrary to the assurances of Harshman, inclusion of autapomorphies in a matrix commonly leads to a loss of “significance”.
Cognitive Architecture for Video Games

There has been an increasing interest in Frame-oriented reinforcement learning (FORL) in recent year. However, most of the works in the literature show little inspiration from human’s perception action reward cycle (PARC) and causation.Inspired by human’s vision system and learning strategy, we propose a novel architecture for FORL that understands the content of raw frames. The architecture achieves four objectives:1.Extracting information from the environment by exploiting only unsupervised learning and reinforcement learning.2. Understanding the content of a raw frame.3. Exploiting a Folvea vision strategy which is analogous to human’s vision system.4. Establishing self-awareness and collecting new training data subset automatically to learn new objects without forgetting previous ones.The architecture is developed in the Super Mario Brothers video game. At first, Mario is the only object recognized by the architecture. After automatic data subset collection and memory update, the architecture can recognize both Goomba and Mario and classify them using incremental training.We exemplify performance of each piece of the architecture with snippets obtained from the video game.
“ATS BREAKER”- A System for Comparing Candidate Resume and Company Requirements

— In current scenario, job searching is one of the major challenge faced by people after education. In the job search process, a well-written resume is essential. As the companies receives thousands of resumes, they uses several filtering techniques to identify the most eligible ones according to the company's requirements. This one of the major challenge faced by the candidate in selection process. This paper proposes a model that computes a comparison and based on the results, suggestions are provided to the candidates to modify their resume. The proposed procedure extract information related to technical as well soft skills from the CV’s submitted in text, pdf or docx format. The system also provides suggestions for correcting the grammatical errors. The proposed system is designed based on Natural Language Processing (NLP) techniques.
Erratum

150. Shellito PC, Clark JW, Willett CG, Caplan AP. Case records of the Massachusetts General Hospital. Weekly clinicopathological exercises. Case 18–2004. A 61-year-old man with rectal bleeding and a 2cm mass in the rectum. N Engl J Med 2004;350: 2500–2509. 151. Willett CG, Compton CC, Shellito PC, Efird JT. Selection factors for local excision or abdominoperineal resection of early stage rectal cancer. Cancer 1994;73:2716–2720.
Effects of in Ovo Injection and Inclusion a Blend of Essential Oils and Organic Acids in High NSPs Diets of Broiler Breeders on Performance of Them and Their Offspring

Two factorial completely randomized design trials 2×2 and 2×2×2 were conducted to evaluate the effect of a blend of essential oils and organic acids (Biacid™) in broiler breeder diets at two levels, two dietary non-starch polysaccharides (NSPs) levels and in ovo injection of Biacid™ on their progenies performance, respectively. 240 broiler breeders of Ross 308 strain were fed from the age of week 44th for 12 weeks in four groups. 120 produced eggs from each group were divided in two groups of 60 eggs for injecting by 0.5 ml of Biacid™ or distilled water. Injection was done during transferring from setter to hatcher in day 18th of incubation. Twenty-five cockerels from each of 8 treatments were housed into separate pens. Using Biacid™ and high NSPs in broiler breeders' ration affected hatchability, embryo mortality, weight of day old chicks and progenies' carcass yield significantly (p<0.05) whereas in ovo injection of Biacid™ did not show significant effects in this regards (p≥0.05). Offspring's abdominal fat was neither affected by broiler breeders' rations nor in ovo injection of Biacid™ (p≥0.05). Biacid™ and high NSPs content in broiler breeders' ration affected all primary and secondary humoral immune responses of progenies against sheep red blood cells (p<0.05). In ovo injection of Biacid™ increased the primary IgG, primary IgT and secondary IgG responses (p<0.05). The interaction of the effects of Biacid™ and high NSPs in broiler breeders' ration and also in ovo injection of Biacid™ affected progenies' weight gain, feed intake, feed conversion ratio and European production index significantly (p<0.05). It seems that using Biacid™ in broiler breeders' diet can modify the undesirable effects of high NSPs content of breeders' ration on performance of their offspring.
A SEQUENTIAL SYSTEM FOR SOUND EVENT DETECTION AND LOCALIZATION USING CRNN

In this technical report, we describe our method for DCASE2020 task 3: Sound Event Localization and Detection. We use a CRNN SELDnet-like single output models which run on the features extracted from audio files using log-mel spectrogram. Our model uses CNN layers followed by RNN layers followed by predicting sound event classes: Sound Event Detection (SED) and then giving the output of SED to estimate Direction Of Arrival (DOA) for those sound events and then the final output is given as a concatenation of SED and DOA. The proposed approach is evaluated on the development set of TAU Spatial Sound Events 2020 – First-Order Ambisonics (FOA).
Designing Synthetic Pathways for Several 2-Thio-Substituted-3H-Phenothiazin-3-ones in Preparation for Testing in Treatment of Central Nervous System Disorders

This paper investigates possible synthetic pathways for two 2-thiosubstituted-3H-phenothiazin-3-ones (7). A two step reaction in which 1,4-benzoquinone (1) is first reacted with an alkylthiol (2) in the presence of sodium periodate (NaIO4) and then treated with 2-aminothiophenol (5) followed by a second oxidation with sodium periodate was demonstrated to be effective in synthesizing 2-(phenylthio)-3Hphenothiazin-3-one (12). The same synthetic approach was shown to be ineffective in the synthesis of 2-(cyclopentylthio)-3H-phenothiazin-3-one (16) due to the fact that the first step was incapable of synthesizing 2-(cyclopentylthio)-1,4-benzoquinone (14). Several other synthetic routes were also proven to be ineffective. This investigation is part of a larger effort to create a vast library of 2-thio-substituted-3H-phenothiazin-3ones (7) for testing in leukotriene inhibition and treatment of neurodegenerative disorders.
CORONARY ARTERY DISEASE Core Curriculum Techniques and Best Practices for Optical Coherence Tomography : A Practical Manual for Interventional Cardiologists

Optical coherence tomography (OCT) is a novel intracoronary imaging modality that utilizes near-infrared light to provide information regarding lesion length and severity, vessel lumen diameter, plaque morphology, as well as the opportunity for stent procedure guidance and follow-up. While analogous to intravascular ultrasound (IVUS), the specific imaging properties, including significantly higher resolution, and technical specifications of OCT offer the ability for intracoronary diagnostic and interventional procedure guidance roles that require a thorough understanding of the technology. We provide coronary interventionalist’s a user’s guide to OCT, focusing on techniques and approaches to optimize imaging, with a focus on efficiency, safety and strategies for effective imaging. VC 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.