Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
On the Study of Magneto-Hydrodynamic Non-Newtonian Fluid Flow throughout Curvilinear Channel with Corrugated Walls

This article aims to numerically investigate the flow pattern for Newtonian and power law non-Newtonian fluid in a semi-half circular channel with corrugated walls under the influence of a magnetic field. The results indicate that, presence of a magnetic field affects the flow field in several aspects, especially in the vortex creation and dissipation. In addition, the analysis is carried out for different Reynolds numbers to ascertain the influence of magnetic field on each flow regime. Eventually, the analysis is carried out for a range of power indices including pseudo plastic (shear-thinning) to dilatants (shear-thickening) fluids. The results show that by increasing the power-index, the vortices begin to form and grow gradually so that in the shear-thickening fluid an extra vortex is formed and created nearby the corrugated part of the channel.
AERODYNAMICS OF HEADSAILS: A REVIEW OF MEASURED SURFACE PRESSURES AND EXPECTED FLOW FIELDS

The general flow features observed on yacht sails can be predicted with well-established fluid dynamic theory. Headsails are thin wings with a sharp leading edge and thin-airfoil theory can predict the general flow and pressure fields around these sails. However, a closer look shows viscous flow features, such as the leading edge bubble, that cannot be modelled with inviscid flow and, indeed, cannot be predicted accurately with analytical fluid dynamics. Moreover, the available literature lacks of quantitative flow measurements (e.g. particle imaging velocimetry) and high-fidelity numerical simulations (e.g. wall-resolved large eddy simulations) on yacht sails due to the difficulties related to the high Reynolds numbers and the complex sails' geometries. Therefore there is limited knowledge of the viscous flow field near sails. Here we provide a detailed description of the pressure distributions measured in a wind tunnel on model-scale headsails and we describe the expected flow field with analogies with other viscous fluid flows. We show that while the general pressure distribution trend is dominated by potential flow, the viscous flow features have a significant effect on the pressure distributions near the leading and trailing edges. In particular, we propose that a long-type laminar separation bubble occurs at the leading edge while trailing edge separation may occur at high angles of attack; we discuss how these features vary with the sail geometry, the angle of attack, the Reynolds number and the turbulence level of the onset flow. We think that the proposed description of these flow features will enhance the interpretation of sail pressure distributions and, in turn, of the aerodynamic forces experienced by a sailing yacht.
On the Use of Double Auctions in Resource Allocation Problems in Large-scale Distributed Systems

On the Use of Double Auctions in Resource Allocation Problems in Large-Scale Distributed Systems Yuan Feng Master of Applied Science Graduate Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Toronto 2011 In this thesis, we explore the use of double auction markets as a general approach to tackle resource allocation problems in large-scale distributed systems, which are traditionally solved using optimization techniques. Prevalently adopted in real-world markets, double auctions have the power of arbitrating mappings between participating players and trading commodities in a decentralized fashion, with every player trying to maximize her own utility selfishly. Through the design of prefetching strategies in peer-assisted video-on-demand systems, we show how the problem of minimizing server bandwidth costs by reallocating media contents can be solved by double auction markets gracefully. However, not every resource allocation problem satisfies requirements of double auctions. We illustrate the limitation of double auctions with an example of virtual machine migration in container-based datacenters, which is then modeled into a Nash bargaining game and solved by a Nash bargaining solution.
The Shifting Role of Large Livestock in Northeast Thailand

In 1976 large livestock populations overall began to decline along with other developmental changes in Northeast Thailand. The developmental trend greatly influences the livestock population. In the past, livestock played important roles in farming systems at household and community levels. The aim of this study is to re-examine the changes in roles of livestock. Households were selected according to household activities, including labor for livestock raising. Village leaders, village administrative committees or key informants, and households were interviewed by using a semi-structured interviewing technique. In order to confirm that the data collected was accurate, representatives of leaders involved in livestock raising or marketing from every province were interviewed in groups. The numbers of livestock raised by the villagers varied from one village to another and there are fewer buffaloes than cattle. Animal power utilization has been related to land preparation for paddy and for upland crops, weeding, and paddy threshing. However, these roles have greatly declined and been replaced by farm mechanization, such as hand tractors, herbicides, and mobile threshing machines. The contribution of livestock to the ecology through livestock manure in terms of soil fertility has declined. Strategic uses of livestock as a saving bank or as a commodity to be sold for immediately needed cash has declined. Therefore dependency of the farmers upon money, instead of natural resources, has become more pronounced to their livelihood. Uses of livestock in bartering systems, such as an exchange for land rights or other necessary goods, has been mostly replaced by a buy-and-sale system, especially in popular weekly livestock markets. Other roles of livestock, related to passing on of inheritance, rituals etc., have declined and been replaced mainly by consumer goods. Replacement of livestock by external inputs has produced an impact on community systems fostering dependency, a loss of indigenous knowledge, and, probably, increased consumptive behavior.
Surveying the Role of Positive and Negative Affection and Selective Processing of Information in Children with Conduct Disorder and Normal Kids

This study is one of the semi-empirical and causative-comparative researches in order to compare the positive and negative affection and orientation of attention or selective processing in kids with conduct disorder and normal kids. Of the kids who referred to psychiatric clinics and psychiatric service centers in the city of Nishabur, 50 kids with conduct disorder(Based on the diagnostic interview based on DSM-IV and interviews with KSADS) by reachable convenience samplingand they have been selected voluntarily. Normal samples were selected from students of Nishabur city’s school by the multistage cluster. Positive and negative affection questionnaires, attention orientation, Stroop test and Recognition test in order of data collecting, was used. Data were analyzed using the T test in independent groups. Results was shown that between kids with conduct disorder and normal kids by positive and negative affection and attention orientation or selective processing of information it was a meaningful difference. (p DOI: 10.5901/mjss.2016. v7n3s3p111
A pilot study on sensitivity of outcome measures for treatments of generalized social phobia in Spanisg adolescents

The translation and adaptation into Spanish of the instruments developed in other countries, for the anxiety social measures, requires the verification of their psychometrics properties for the population on assigned to. The purpose of this instrumental study is to examine the treatment sensitivity of six instruments that they have been designed to measure social anxiety, to verificate the changes generated for this treatment in a sample of Spanish adolescents. The sample was consisting of 44 adolescents (aged 15-17 years), who met the criteria for generalized social anxiety, received the three experimental conditions each one of them received a different treatment. Adolescents completed the measures at pre-, post-treatment and 1-year follow-up. Scales were found to be sensitive to treatments over time, with high effect sizes. The results indicated that all of the measures reliably tapped treatment effects and supported utility of these scales as treatment-outcome measures for Spanish adolescents with generalized social phobia.
Using Semantic Web Technologies to Improve Accessibility to SDIs

In this paper we will focus on the use of semantic web technologies to support easy, user-oriented access to SDIs, and on the specific issues that occur because of the spatial nature of data. A key-register for the soil and subsurface domain is being set up to provide access to soil and subsurface data to users with a wide variety in background and an equal large variety in vocabularies. The data models the data is stored in are defined in professional terminology. An infrastructure was designed and developed, that provides a semantic shell on top of an OpenGIS based spatial data store for soil and subsurface information. A first version of a web application (BRON portal) has been developed to support (end) users to pose a query related to the soil and subsurface domain in the language of their own specific domain (e.g. environment, agriculture, hydrology) and to their level of expertise (e.g. professionals, policy-makers, inexperienced). The semantic shell translates user questions to the underlying datasets terminology with the use of a domain ontology and relevant information is retrieved from a catalogue. The relevance of the retrieved information can be evaluated by the users based on the metadata and by previewing the spatial dataset (available as a service) in a map viewer. In the future, the portal also needs to provide functionality for disclosing individual features of the datasets (as WFS). Querying these datasets by building an ontology guided query will be a challenge.
Pre-supernova outbursts via wave heating in massive stars – II. Hydrogen-poor stars

Pre-supernova (SN) outbursts from massive stars may be driven by hydrodynamical wave energy emerging from the core of the progenitor star during late nuclear-burning phases. Here, we examine the effects of wave heating in stars containing little or no hydrogen, i.e. progenitors of Type IIb/Ib SNe. Because there is no massive hydrogen envelope, wave energy is thermalized near the stellar surface where the overlying atmospheric mass is small but the optical depth is large. Wave energy can thus unbind this material, driving an optically thick, super-Eddington wind. Using 1D hydrodynamic MESAsimulations of ∼5 M⊙ He stars, we find that wave heating can drive pre-SN outbursts composed of a dense wind whose mass-loss rate can exceed ∼0.1 M⊙ yr^(−1). The wind terminal velocities are a few 100 km s^(−1), and outburst luminosities can reach ∼10^6 L⊙. Wave-driven outbursts may be linked with observed or inferred pre-SN outbursts of Type Ibn/transitional/transformational SNe, and pre-SN wave-driven mass loss is a good candidate to produce these types of SNe. However, we also show that non-linear wave breaking in the core of the star may prevent such outbursts in stars with thick convective helium-burning shells. Hence, only a limited subset of SN progenitors is likely to experience wave-driven pre-SN outbursts.
Relative effectiveness of biogas production using poultry wastes and cow dung

A comparative study of biogas production of different proportions of poultry wastes and cow dung was conducted under the same operating conditions. The study was based on Completely Randomsied Design replicated three times. Three different mix ratios of poultry wastes and cow dung were tested (namely 3:1, 1:1 and 1:3) and all of them were diluted with the same amount of water. Each treatment was replicated three times. Biogas production was measured for a period of seven days and volume of gas produced was determined by water displacement method at room temperature of 25 - 30 o C. Biogas production started on the second day, and reached apex on the sixth day for Digester A (cow dung:poultry wastes r = 1:3). Production reached its peak on the seventh day for Digester B (cow dung:poultry wastes r = 2:2). For Digester C (cow dung:poultry wastes r = 3:1), biogas production started on the second day and attained maximum on fifth day. The average gas production for Digesters A, B and C were 3.84, 3.55, and 3.19 mL respectively. The study shows that the largest volume of biogas production was obtained using the 3:1 mix ratio of poultry wastes to cow dung. Poultry wastes therefore are effective for production of biogas than cow dung. Statistical analysis reveals that wastes fed into the digester and days of experiment were significant at 99% confidence level. The volumes of wastes generated by the digesters were statistically different from each other. Digester A produced the highest mean biogas of 4.48 mL/day and this value was significantly higher than ones produced by Digesters B and C (4.26 and 3.72 mL/day respectively). Finaly, for a developing country like Nigeria, where wastes are not productively used, wastes generated from animal wastes can be effectively managed through conversion into biogas. Wastes are therefore turned to wealth, which increases the income of the society.
THE EFFECTIVENESS OF MEASUREMENT AND EVALUATION IN ZIMBABWEAN PRIMARY SCHOOLS: TEACHERS AND HEADS' PERCEPTIONS

Measurement and evaluation in education is very important on a wide spectrum across the board. They provide information needed in overall education planning. Decisions on instructional aims, units, grades or marks enable teachers and school administrators to determine the extent to which pupils are growing towards the desired goals. Through measurement and evaluation, a teacher can diagnose the strengths and weaknesses of pupils and takes a progress on remedial action. If effectively utilised, measurement and evaluation may lead to the improvement of both instruction and the learning situation. Without evaluation and measurement, it is impossible to know a student's needs and preferences. In the Zimbabwean primary school system, heads and teachers use measurement and evaluation to ascertain the abilities and levels of attainment by students in areas such as reading, writing, and in all subject areas. This research investigated the effectiveness of measurement and evaluation in Zimbabwean schools using the quantitative paradigm. The study adopted the descriptive survey design. The target population comprised all primary school teachers in Bulawayo's Mzilikazi district with a teacher establishment of 120 teachers. The sample consisted of 100 teachers and 10 heads of schools. Of the sample respondents, 85 were female and 25 were male. All the information was collected through a questionnaire which had both close-ended and open-ended questions. Descriptive statistical analysis was used to interpret data. The study revealed that heads predominantly used summative evaluation and teachers preferred tests, class work and oral work. The study also revealed that lack of resources hampered efforts by both heads and teachers to conduct effective measurement and evaluation sessions. The study recommends that schools should mobilise more resources towards measurement and evaluation.
Genetic diversity associated with agronomic traits using microsatellite markers in Pakistani rice landraces

Genetic diversity underlies the improvement of crops by plant breeding. Land races of rice (Oryza sativa L.) can contain some valuable alleles not common in modern germplasm. The aim here was to measure genetic diversity and its effect on agronomic traits among rice land-race genotypes grown in Pakistan. Diversity was measured using thirty-five microsatellite markers and seventy-five genotypes. Among the markers used a total of 142 alleles were detected at 32 polymorphic SSR loci, while three loci were monomorphic in Pakistani rice landraces. The number of alleles identified by each marker ranged from 2 to 13 with a mean of 4.4. Size differences between the smallest and largest alleles varied from 11bp to 71bp. Polymorphism information content ranged from 0.124 to 0.836, with an average of 0.569. At nine microsatellite loci, basmati-type landraces amplified more different alleles than those in the coarse-type. DNA markers RM70 and RM72 divided the rice landraces on the basis of days to flowering. A dendrogram based on total microsatellite polymorphism grouped 75 genotypes into four major clusters at 0.40 similarity coefficient, differentiating tall, late maturing and slender aromatic types from the short, early and bold non-aromatic ones. It inferred that Pakistani landraces have diverse genetic bases and can be utilized in future breeding programs. The DNA markers developed will assist in genotype identification, purity testing and plant variety protection.
Brand Positioning through Advertising in Asia, North America, and Europe: The Role of Global Consumer Culture

In this study, the authors examine the emergence of brand positioning strategies in advertising that parallel the growth of the global marketplace. A new construct, global consumer culture positioning (GCCP), is proposed, operationalized, and tested. This construct associates the brand with a widely understood and recognized set of symbols believed to constitute emerging global consumer culture. Study results support the validity of the new construct and indicate that meaningful percentages of advertisements employ GCCP, as opposed to positioning the brand as a member of a local consumer culture or a specific foreign consumer culture. Identification of GCCP as a positioning tool suggests one pathway through which certain brands come to be perceived by consumers as “global” and provides managers with strategic direction in the multinational marketplace.
Security and Privacy in E-Passport scheme using Authentication Protocols and Multiple Biometrics Technology

Electronic passports (e-Passports) have known a wide and fast deployment all around the world since the International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO) the world has adopted standards whereby passports can store biometric identifiers. The purpose of biometric passports is to prevent the illegal entry of traveler into a specific country and limit the use of counterfeit documents by more accurate identification of an individual. The e-passport, as it is sometimes called, represents a bold initiative in the deployment of two new technologies: Cryptography security and multiple biometrics (face, fingerprints, palm prints and iris). A passport contains the important personal information of holder such as photo, name, date of birth and place, nationality, date of issue, date of expiry, authority and so on. The goal of the adoption of the electronic passport is not only to expedite processing at border crossings, but also to increase security. Important in their own right, e-passports are also the harbinger of a wave of next-generation e-passport: several national governments plan to deploy e-passport integrating cryptography algorithm and multiple biometrics. The paper consider only those passport scenarios whose passport protocols base on public-key cryptography, certificates, and a public key infrastructure without addressing the protocols itself detailed, but this is no strong constraint. Furthermore assume the potential passport applier to use ordinary PCs with Windows or Linux software and an arbitrary connection to the Internet. Technological securities issues are to be found in several dimension, but below paper focus on hardware, software, and infrastructure as some of the most critical issues.
VALIDATION OF SAFETY CLIMATE FACTORS: A FIRST LOOK AMONG NURSES IN NIGERIA

Purpose – The primary aim of this paper is to validate safety climate factors (management commitment to safety, safety training, safety rules and procedures, safety communication and workers’ involvement in safety) among nurses in select Nigerian healthcare facilities. Design/methodology/approach – A survey of 149 nurses of primary and secondary healthcare facilities in South-south Nigeria was carried out with the use of self-reported measures to obtain data on safety climate factors. The partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM) technique was used in ascertaining the validity of the factors in study. Findings – In the present study, it was found that the reliability and validity of the factors were significant notwithstanding that this is a first long among the respondents of the study. Research limitations/implications – Generalizing the findings of this study may be limited to the location from which the respondents are drawn. Also, the present study validated existing safety climate factors, hence did not permit a correlational, causal or longitudinal inferences. Practical Implications – The study highlights some of the most important safety climate factors needed that could determine attendant safety-related behaviours in the healthcare setting. Originality/value – Existing literature indicates the absence of safety climate research in the Nigerian healthcare industry and especially among nurses. Also, as nurses are routinely exposed to occupational hazards and attendant accidents and injuries, this study brings to light the most critical safety climate factors that should be worthy of note in possibly ensuring the safety and health of nurses in the Nigerian healthcare system. Keywords Nigeria, safety climate, nurses, healthcare Paper type Research paper
Trade Liberalization and the Environment: Carbon Dioxide for 1960-1999

This paper examines the empirical question of whether free trade is harmful or beneficial for the environment. Using a comprehensive panel data for 63 developed and developing countries over 1960-1999, the result for CO2 suggests further trade liberalization will increase the emissions with the elasticity of 0.579. In my best knowledge, this is the first study that estimates the overall effects of trade liberalization to the environment.
Utilization of trawl bycatch in Gujarat (India)

Bycatch from trawlers forms a signifi cant quantity of the total marine fi sh landings along the northwest coast of India, particularly in the state of Gujarat, which contributes about 23 percent of the total marine fi sh landings in the country. This paper discusses the composition of this bycatch, its signifi cance in terms of nutritional value, its present utilization pattern and the scope for improvement.
Inhibition Development: Comparison of Neuropsychological and Eye Tracking Measures

Inhibition is the ability to stop an automatic response when a stimulus is presented. It is one main component of executive function models. Few studies have evaluated the development of this ability’s in children between five and eight years of age using eye tracking measures. The first objective of this exploratory study is to evaluate the performance difference of younger compared to older children. The second objective is to evaluate if inhibition assessed via three different neuropsychological tests develops at a similar rate as inhibition assessed via two eye tracking tasks. Forty-six children aged 5.7 to 8.4 years completed both types of tests. Results show that one neuropsychological test was sensitive to the children’ increasing inhibition ability, while both eye tracking tests were. Additionally, scores from one eye tracking task correlated with scores from one neuropsychological test. Possible explanations of moderate relations between tasks are discussed.
On gender gaps and self-fulfilling expectations: An alternative approach based on paid-for training *

This paper presents a model of self-fulfilling expectations by firms and households which generates multiplicity of equilibria in pay and housework time allocation for ex-ante identical spouses. Multiplicity arises from statistical discrimination exerted by firms in the provision of paid-for training to workers, rather than from incentive problems in the labor market.