Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Chinese firms’ export dynamics: experimental but promising

Abstract We study China’s trade dynamics at the firm, firm–product, firm–destination and firm–product–destination levels. Using a very rich panel data on firms’ export transaction from 2000 to 2006, we decompose China’s export growth at the intensive and extensive margins, emphasising the roles of firms, products and destinations. We group firms, firms’ products and firms’ destinations into three categories as new (successful or one-time), continuing (continued) and exiting (dropped). We capture China’s export annual growth from the perspectives of trade relationships being created, survived, or destructed. We find that exporters maintain very active strategies in their export product mix and destination portfolios. They routinely introduce new products and drop some old products in order to have a product mix for their destination markets, while also maintaining a core product strategy. A similar pattern is observed for firms’ destination strategy. Our results suggest that some of the newly introduced products and/or destinations become firms’ continued products and destinations, which are the driving forces for firms’ year-to-year success. China’s annual trade growth is primarily driven by the intensive margin, though new births always contributed a very large share to its annual export changes. In the 7-year period, it is the extensive margin that drives China’s export growth.
Imagining the Future of Social and Environmental Accounting Research for Pacific Small Island Developing States

ABSTRACT In this paper, I contribute to the conversation of imagining the future of Social and Environmental Accounting (SEA) research for Pacific Small Island Developing States (PSIDS). I focus on PSIDS as this region is arguably the most disadvantaged region given its low economic base, geographic isolation and environmental precarity. Initially, I conduct a literature review of accounting-related papers based on PSIDS and provide some suggestions for a research agenda of SEA for PSIDS. The literature review highlights that SEA research in the Pacific is an under-researched area and the few studies on SEA in the Pacific have largely been based on Fiji. For many countries in the Pacific, there is a vacuum of academic literature, however, there is a need to better understand the role of SEA in assisting these island nations address pertinent social and environmental issues, and no issue is as important as climate change. I make some inter-related suggestions for the future of SEA research for PSIDS. These suggestions emphasise the production of knowledge that draws on a diversity of perspectives from other disciplines and focuses on developing solutions based on the context of PSIDS and the lived realities of Pacific Island peoples.
Determinants of Green Innovations: Firm-Level Evidence

This paper examines determinants of firms’ innovations with environmental benefits. Using micro-data from Ireland, we identify and quantify the impact of environmental regulations, innovation-inputs, firm-specific characteristics, spillovers from other green innovators, public funding and innovation co-operations on the propensity of firms to introduce innovations with environmental benefits. In addition, the analysis distinguishes innovations with environmental benefits within the enterprise and innovations with environmental benefits for the final consumer as well as different innovations by type of environmental impact within these two broad categories of green innovations. The results indicate that environmental regulations, in-house R&amp;D and acquisition of capital assets are crucially important as drivers of green innovations.
Three-Dimensional Tomography of Pulsar Magnetospheres

Pulsars are nature’s premier laboratories for high-energy physics. They were discovered in the late 1960’s via the detection of bright, strongly pulsed radio emission, caused by the intersection of the line of sight with highly collimated beams of radiation, rotating with the central neutron star. Since that time, the mechanism by which the radio emission beams are produced has remained one of the most tantalising mysteries in astrophysics. This thesis attempts to shed light on the emission physics by following a program of mapping out the quasi-stable subbeams (i.e. discrete components of the total emission beam) that are hypothesised to give rise to the phenomenon of subpulse drifting. If the subbeams are arranged in a circular pattern about the magnetic axis, and rotate steadily around it, as conjectured by the carousel model (Ruderman and Sutherland, 1975), then the mapping can be achieved by means of the Cartographic Transform (Deshpande and Rankin, 2001). The application of the Cartographic Transform to obtain the average polar pattern of the carousel depends on steady, uninterrupted rotation of the subbeam carousel. However, in practice, in some pulsars, the pattern of subpulse drifting is quite irregular, thereby presenting a natural challenge to the assumptions underlying the carousel model. This thesis focuses on one such pulsar, PSR B0031−07, whose drifting pattern is shown to exhibit both sudden changes (due to multiple drift modes and nulling) and gradual changes (accelerations of the drift rate). The characterisation of the gradual changes reveals that, unlike other pulsars showing similar behaviour, the acceleration period is not confined to the period of time following a null sequence, but is ubiquitous, occurring throughout the entire duration of the drift sequences. B0031−07’s subpulses are also shown to appear at slightly different rotation phases when viewed at different frequencies, a feature that cannot be straightforwardly explained with the carousel model alone. In general, asymmetric phase shifts of integrated pulse profile features can be explained by the well-established
An update on the progress of preclinical models for guiding therapeutic management of neuronal ceroid lipofuscinosis

ABSTRACT Introduction: The neuronal ceroid lipofuscinoses (NCLs) are a group of pediatric inherited neurodegenerative disorders affecting children and young adults. All forms of NCL are fatal and with no curative therapies available there is a pressing need to model their pathology in biological model systems to enable the systematic and rigorous testing of preclinical therapies. Areas covered: This article discusses and provides an update on the recent advances in modelling NCL disease pathology in various different model systems and their relevance to testing preclinical therapies so as to ensure optimal translation into human patients. The research articles discussed here were curated from PubMed (Last accessed-12.4.19) and Google Scholar (Last access-12.4.19) databases. Expert opinion: Both in vitro and in vivo biological model systems have been established for various forms of NCL. These have informed us about pathophysiology, revealed novel therapeutic targets, and provided landmarks of disease progression against which to test potential therapies. Studying NCL pathology across different species has been very informative regarding where therapies need to be delivered with an increasing focus on disease outside the brain. Testing such therapies in animal models of increasing complexity has allowed the translation of more efficacious therapies for clinical trials.
Recent Techniques of Open Educational Resources

The field of learning has a reasonable claim of being a specified example on the way it could be improved or sustained by technology. Operating with technology for the sake of learning, users are expected to be taking longer period of time facing issues, struggling through these issues and in nearly all cases the interaction with technology is one of several effects on the achievement of success. This doesn’t mean the fact that Internet and computing have had no sustainable impacts on how users learn and on the options that exist for learners. formal learning field has been experiencing a period of fast changes, and barriers between formal learning and informal one show falling away signs, partly because of changes in accessing information or alternate delivery modes. The impact technology has on pedagogy (structure or way of teaching) is complicated. There are rather few specified researches on how technological potentials and pedagogical responses to those operate to take advantage of life-long learners. In this paper a survey for last designed systems and platforms of e-learning based on open educational resource (OER) via combining evidence from research strands that are based on working in on-line and distant learning under formal settings, and in addition on open and free on-line learning that is typically of less formality. The presented study discusses numerous factors that are related to results of the instruction: the usually unpredictable learner motivations, the paths that those learners take during courses, and signs of success in formal learning and informal learning, based on each of technology and pedagogy. The results of practical activities are given for the sake of widening the access to education with using technology that indicates the fact that open education offers from alternate manners of supporting learners. Those propose an emphasis on design decisions which may be helpful in integrating learning process more thoroughly with how on-line systems are presently supporting learning and data which may be utilized for interpreting how well these designs work.
The effects of accounting conservatism on executive compensation

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to identify means of better associating executive remuneration with managerial decision making and firm performance. Design/methodology/approach The authors evaluate the influence of conditional accounting conservatism on CEO compensation. The authors focus particularly on the ex ante pay-for-performance sensitivity (PPS) of CEO stock option grants. The empirical method used is panel data regression. Findings The authors find that accounting conservatism is positively related to the PPS of CEO option-based compensation. The effects of accounting conservatism on the PPS of options are more significant for firms with relatively weaker corporate governance and for the period before the introduction of FAS 123R. The findings suggest that directors reward CEOs for adopting accounting conservatism, both in general terms and incrementally, and that rewards are channelled through incentive-linked compensation. The results are also consistent with the view that accounting conservatism compliments other mechanisms, such as corporate governance, in reducing information asymmetry and agency problems between managers and shareholders and other stakeholders. Originality/value This paper provides a number of important contributions to the literature. It is the first to identify a relationship between accounting conservatism and option-based CEO compensation, which has important potential contracting and enforcement implications due to the incomplete nature of option contracts and the reward and risk attributes of CEOs. This paper is also the first to analyse the association between conditional accounting conservatism and CEO compensation at the firm–year level, by employing the firm–year conservatism score approach proposed by Khan and Watts (2009). This provides for greater insight regarding the interaction between accounting conservatism and other firm-specific elements than is otherwise obtainable from an overall firm or year interpretations derived from the traditional Basu (1997) asymmetric timeliness model approach. Furthermore, this paper also provides a comparison of the relative association of accounting conservatism on both explicit and implicit forms of CEO compensation for the same firm sample. This allows for the assessment of whether accounting conservatism relates differently to incentive-based CEO remuneration relative to ex post CEO compensation outcomes.
KAHOOT! AND QUIZIZZ: A COMPARATIVE STUDY ON THE IMPLEMENTATION OF E-LEARNING APPLICATION TOWARD STUDENTS’ MOTIVATION

E-learning is a based computer learning that is connected to internet where the users have an opportunity to learn anywhere and anytime. Quizizz and Kahoot! are kind of E-learning applications that may be used in boosting students’ motivation during the TLP. This research aims to know which and why that/this E-learning application is better to boost up the students’ motivation. The implemented research design was qualitative research design concerning to phenomenological studies of the use of Quizizz and Kahoot! in TLP toward the students’ motivation. The subject was the fourth semester students of English language education study program of STKIP PGRI Tulungagung. It used observation field note and close-ended questionnaire type to collect the data. The data analysis of the observation field note was done qualitatively and the questionnaire was analyzed quantitatively by implementing likert scale. The research findings proved that the use of Kahoot! and Quizizz in TLP had given good result in boosting up students’ motivation. The observation field note proved that nearly 90% students indicated more motivated performances during the implementation of Quizizz than Kahoot! The finding of the questionnaire toward the students’ perceptions of the Quizizz and Kahoot! implementation resulted total score 1448 (Quizizz) and 1214 (Kahoot! ). Mostly students stated that Quizizz was more attractive, challenging and motivating than Kahoot! Thus, this research has a conclusion that the implementation of Quizziz is better than Kahoot! to boost up students’ motivation in TLP.
Graphene nanoribbons and iron oxide nanoparticles composite as a potential candidate in DNA sensing applications

We report the synthesis and characterization of graphene nanoribbons (GNRs) decorated with iron oxide (Fe3O4) nanoparticles to obtain the GNR_Fe3O4 nanocomposite and its use as a DNA sensor. Characterization results confirm the successful synthesis of a nanocomposite based on reduced GNRs and mostly Fe3O4 nanoparticles distributed randomly and homogeneously on the ribbon's surface and whose specific surface area (766 m2 g−1) is higher compared to pure GNRs (588 m2 g−1). These characteristics make this nanocomposite suitable for effective DNA immobilization and hybridization in sensor applications. Taking advantage of the latter, the electrochemical analysis demonstrated that GNR_Fe3O4-based electrodes amplify the electrochemical signal by more than one order of magnitude compared to bare carbon electrodes, and 70% more compared to pristine GNRs-based electrodes. The capability of the GNR_Fe3O4 nanocomposite as a DNA sensor was evaluated in terms of the electrochemical response by monitoring the cathodic peak in DNA immobilization and hybridization through a redox process. The electrochemical current was measured in immobilized single-stranded DNA and double-stranded DNA to be 92 and 49 μA, respectively, for GNR_Fe3O4-based electrodes; these values are indicative of an effective discrimination between the immobilization and hybridization of DNA. The present work demonstrates the viability of a DNA sensor based on the facile synthesis of GNRs decorated with Fe3O4 nanoparticles.We report the synthesis and characterization of graphene nanoribbons (GNRs) decorated with iron oxide (Fe3O4) nanoparticles to obtain the GNR_Fe3O4 nanocomposite and its use as a DNA sensor. Characterization results confirm the successful synthesis of a nanocomposite based on reduced GNRs and mostly Fe3O4 nanoparticles distributed randomly and homogeneously on the ribbon's surface and whose specific surface area (766 m2 g−1) is higher compared to pure GNRs (588 m2 g−1). These characteristics make this nanocomposite suitable for effective DNA immobilization and hybridization in sensor applications. Taking advantage of the latter, the electrochemical analysis demonstrated that GNR_Fe3O4-based electrodes amplify the electrochemical signal by more than one order of magnitude compared to bare carbon electrodes, and 70% more compared to pristine GNRs-based electrodes. The capability of the GNR_Fe3O4 nanocomposite as a DNA sensor was evaluated in terms of the electrochemical response by monitoring the cathodic p.
FORMAÇÃO E APRENDIZAGENS DE MENTORAS INICIANTES EM UM PROGRAMA DE INDUÇÃO À DOCÊNCIA

Este estudo tem como cenário uma pesquisa-intervenção sobre um Programa Híbrido de Mentoria (PHM), financiada pela FAPESP-São Paulo, Brasil. Analisamos narrativas, escritas e orais – memorial de formação, diário reflexivo e entrevista – produzidas por professoras experientes em diferentes momentos, com o objetivo de compreender suas aprendizagens ao longo da formação como mentoras e no início do acompanhamento de professoras iniciantes. Para construir uma base de conhecimentos para ensinar professores iniciantes acerca dos conteúdos de ensino, das práticas pedagógicas e outros conhecimentos relacionados à escola, a análise de dados revelou a construção de diferentes aprendizagens. Foi aprendido a: olhar para a trajetória profissional; tomar consciência de seu papel profissional; olhar para a própria prática de mentoria; conhecer a realidade de outros níveis de ensino e desenvolver maior compreensão emocional do professor de outro nível de ensino; valorizar o papel da reflexão no desenvolvimento profissional docente; valorizar a atuação docente; avaliar as próprias práticas pedagógicas; rever práticas de sala de aula e transpor práticas adotadas no PHM para sua atuação na sala de aula, entre outras. Essa análise possibilitou a organização desses conhecimentos em torno de dois eixos: aprendizagens referentes à concepção de mentoria e aprendizagens para o exercício da mentoria.
CopyMix: Mixture Model Based Single-Cell Clustering and Copy Number Profiling using Variational Inference

Investigating tumor heterogeneity using single-cell sequencing technologies is imperative to understand how tumors evolve since each cell subpopulation harbors a unique set of genomic features that yields a unique phenotype, which is bound to have clinical relevance. Clustering of cells based on copy number data obtained from single-cell DNA sequencing provides an opportunity to identify different tumor cell subpopulations. Accordingly, computational methods have emerged for single-cell copy number profiling and clustering; however, these two tasks have been handled sequentially by applying various ad-hoc pre- and post-processing steps; hence, a procedure vulnerable to introducing clustering artifacts. Moreover, clonal copy number profiling has been missing except for one method, CONET, which unfortunately computes it by a post-processing tool. Finally, a common copy number profiling tool, HMMcopy, requires parameter tuning. We avoid the clustering artifact issues and provide clonal copy number profiles without the labor of parameter tuning in our method, CopyMix, a Variational Inference for a novel mixture model, by jointly inferring cell clusters and their underlying copy number profile. We evaluate CopyMix using simulated data and published biological data from ovarian cancer. The results reveal high clustering performance and low errors in copy number profiling. These favorable results indicate a considerable potential to obtain clinical impact by using CopyMix in studies of cancer tumor heterogeneity.
Inferring Models with Alternative Stable States from Independent Observations

Multiple attractors and alternative stable states are defining features of scientific theories in ecology and evolution, implying that abrupt regime shifts can occur and that outcomes can be hard to reverse. Here we describe a statistical inferential framework that uses independent, noisy observations with low temporal resolution to support or refute multiple attractor process models. The key is using initial conditions to choose among a finite number of expected outcomes using a nonstandard finite mixture methodology. We apply the framework to contemporary issues in social-ecological systems, coral ecosystems, and chaotic systems, showing that incorporating history allows us to statistically infer process models with alternative stable states while minimizing false positives. Further, in the presence of disturbances and oscillations, alternative stable states can help rather than hamper inference. The ability to infer models with alternative stable states across natural systems can help accelerate scientific discoveries, change how we manage ecosystems and societies, and place modern theories on firmer empirical ground.
Efficient Wireless Power Transfer System With a Miniaturized Quad-Band Implantable Antenna for Deep-Body Multitasking Implants

Passive operation and battery-charging of deep-body implants can be insured through wireless power transfer (WPT) technologies. However, the power transfer efficiency (PTE) is constrained by device miniaturization and implantation depth. This study proposes a complete WPT system consisting of a patterned WPT transmitter (Tx), an efficient rectifier, and an antenna integrated with the system. The WPT Tx had a size of 6 cm <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\times$ </tex-math></inline-formula> 6 cm and was optimized to focus the power on the deep-tissue implants at 1470 MHz. The voltage doubler was optimized at 1470 MHz, had a small size of 5 mm <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\times$ </tex-math></inline-formula> 10 mm, and exhibited a high radio frequency (RF)-to-direct current (dc) conversion efficiency of 90% at 2-dBm RF input power. Moreover, the implantable antenna occupies a small volume of 8.43 mm<sup>3</sup> and supports quad-band operations: telemetry at 403 and 915 MHz, WPT at the midfield band of 1470 MHz, and control signaling at 2.4 GHz. First, the fabricated prototypes were measured individually in minced pork, in the American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM) model, and in the saline-filled 3-D head phantom. While operating collectively as an integrated system, the PTE of the system was measured. Additionally, to enhance the PTE of the WPT system, a high-dielectric matching layer (<inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\varepsilon _{r} = 78$ </tex-math></inline-formula>) was used between the WPT Tx and the phantom. Furthermore, to demonstrate the PTE of the WPT system, the voltage doubler was integrated with the implantable antenna, encapsulated in a 3-D-printed capsule endoscope, and its PTE was measured in a saline solution and minced pork. Finally, the compliance of the WPT system with the human safety standards was analyzed and found that the system solely satisfied the safety limits. It is evident from the experimental results that the system can transfer 6.7-mW power to millimeter-sized implants located 5-cm deep in tissues.
Broadband graphene/hexagonal boron nitride modulators based on a Si3N4 waveguide

For exploring a strong electro-optic effect from a graphene/hexagonal boron nitride (hBN) structure, here a comprehensive study for investigating the integrated broadband graphene/hBN modulators has been presented. Two representative configurations with a ${{\rm Si}_3}{{\rm N}_4}$Si3N4 waveguide were compared, focusing on optimizing the hBN thickness, waveguide width and height, and graphene size to balance their performances. It was found that 200 µm long devices with 65 nm hBN thickness allow for $\sim{80}\;{\rm GHz}$∼80GHz modulation bandwidth, 35.4 dB extinction ratio, and over 700 nm operation spectral range. Compared to the ridge ${{\rm Si}_3}{{\rm N}_4}$Si3N4 waveguide, the buried ${{\rm Si}_3}{{\rm N}_4}$Si3N4 waveguide was more suitable as an optical waveguide for the graphene/hBN modulator to obtain a large modulation depth of $\sim 0.17\;{\rm dB}\,{\unicode{x00B5}{\rm m}}$∼0.17dBµm and a large operation spectral range from 750 to $\sim{1640}\;{\rm nm}$∼1640nm.