Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Multi-Agent Ergodic Coverage with Obstacle Avoidance

Autonomous exploration and search have important applications in robotics. One interesting application is cooperative control of mobile robotic/sensor networks to achieve uniform coverage of a domain. Ergodic coverage is one solution for this problem in which control laws for the agents are derived so that the agents uniformly cover a target area while maintaining coordination with each other. Prior approaches have assumed the target regions contain no obstacles. In this work, we tackle the problem of static and dynamic obstacle avoidance while maintaining an ergodic coverage goal. We pursue a vector-field-based obstacle avoidance approach and define control laws for idealized kinematic and dynamic systems that avoid static and dynamic obstacles while maintaining ergodicity. We demonstrate this obstacle avoidance methodology via numerical simulation and show how ergodicity is maintained.
Array Training in a Categorization Task

Two components of categorization, within-category commonalities and between-category distinctiveness, were investigated in a categorization task. Subjects learned three prototype categories composed of moderately high distortions, by observing arrays containing patterns that belonged either to a common prototype category or to three different categories; a third group learned patterns presented one at a time, mirroring the standard paradigm. Following 6 learning blocks, subjects transferred to old patterns and new patterns at low-, medium-, and high-level distortions of the category prototype. The results showed that array training facilitated learning, especially when patterns in the array belonged to the same category. Transfer results showed a strong gradient effect across pattern distortion level for all conditions, with the highest performance obtained following array training on different category patterns and worst in the control condition. Interestingly, the old training patterns were classified worse than new low and no better than medium distortions. Neither this ordering nor the steepness of the gradient across prototype similarity for each condition could be predicted by the generalized context model. A prototype model better captured the steep gradient and ordinal pattern of results, although the overall fits were only slightly better than the exemplar model. The crucial role played by category commonalities and distinctiveness on categorical representations is addressed.
Effect of Long-Term Heart Rate Reduction by If Current Inhibition on Pressure Overload-Induced Heart Failure in Rats

We investigated the effects of long-term heart rate reduction (HRR) on pressure overload-induced heart failure. Pressure overload of the left ventricle was induced in 21-day-old rats by banding the ascending aorta. HRR was induced for 3 months with ivabradine (n = 44), a selective If current inhibitor, at 10 mg/kg/day, starting 14 days after banding. Thirty-six control banded rats and 16 sham-operated rats received standard chow. Banding resulted in severe left ventricular (LV) hypertrophy (+55% versus shams; p < 0.001) and fibrosis, together with a 34% decrease (p < 0.01) in the LV shortening fraction. Heart rate decreased by 19% in ivabradine-treated rats (p < 0.005 versus controls). Stroke volume increased (by 17%; p < 0.01), whereas cardiac output did not change with HRR. In contrast, HRR resulted in 1) a marked increase in LV filling pressure (p < 0.01) and in atrial, lung, and right ventricular weights (38, 30, and 54%, respectively; p < 0.001); 2) a 50% increase in the incidence of pleural/abdominal effusion (p < 0.001); 3) 7 and 26% increases in LV hypertrophy and fibrosis, respectively (p < 0.05); and 4) a 53% increase in the atrial natriuretic peptide mRNA level compared with controls (p < 0.001). After 3 months of treatment, ivabradine withdrawal normalized the heart rate and reduced LV size and LV filling pressure (p < 0.05). In conclusion, pure longstanding HRR showed no beneficial effect on LV dysfunction in a rat model of pressure overload-induced LV hypertrophy, and it seemed to favor adverse LV remodeling and its congestive consequences.
Multiple intracranial tumors in Philadelphia chromosome positive acute lymphoblastic leukemia: Successful treatment following aggressive supportive care, early cranial radiation, high dose chemotherapy and imatinib

We report the first case of multiple intracranial tumors (“chloromas”) at diagnosis of Philadelphia chromosome positive acute lymphoblastic leukemia. The patient presented comatose with signs of cerebral herniation. Initial management of raised intracranial pressure and hyperleukocytosis followed by emergent whole brain radiation therapy reversed the life‐threatening neurological signs. High‐dose chemotherapy combined with daily imatinib mesylate induced a rapid and sustained bone marrow remission. Ongoing rehabilitation resulted in a near complete neurological recovery within 6 months of diagnosis. This outcome justifies aggressive early management of increased intracranial pressure and hyperleukocytosis in future similar presentations. Pediatr Blood Cancer 2008;51:135–137. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Extrathymic Pathways of T‐Cell Differentiation: A Primitive and Fundamental Immune System

In addition to an intrathymic pathway of T‐cell differentiation, extrathymic pathways of T‐cell differentiation have recently been demonstrated to occur in multiple sites in mice. Such sites include the sinusoids of the liver, the intraepithelial region of the intestine, and the omentum of the peritoneal cavity. Although these extrathymic pathways are minimal at a young age, they become predominant with aging. Extrathymically differentiated T cells display many properties distinct from those of regular T cells of thymic origin. For instance, they consist of a considerably large proportion of γδT cells as well as αβT cells, contain double‐negative CD4–CD8– cells and self‐reactive oligoclones, constitutively express the II‐2 receptor β‐chain, and have an αα homodimer of CD8 if they carry it. Cumulative evidence reveals that the extrathymic pathways comprise a primitive and fundamental immune system in the body and play a pivotal role in immune reactions under conditions of aging, bacterial infections, malignancies, autoimmune diseases, and pregnancy.
Anharmonicity changes the solid solubility of a random alloy at high temperatures — supplementary information

Nina Shulumba, 2 Olle Hellman, 1 Zamaan Raza, Björn Alling, 4 Jenifer Barrirero, 1 Frank Mücklich, Igor A. Abrikosov, 5 and Magnus Odén Department of Physics, Chemistry, and Biology (IFM), Linköping University, SE-581 83, Linköping, Sweden. Functional Materials, Saarland University, Campus D3 3, D-66123 Saarbrücken, Germany. Division of Engineering and Applied Science, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125. Max-Planck-Institut für Eisenforschung GmbH, D-40237 Düsseldorf, Germany Materials Modeling and Development Laboratory, NUST ”MISIS”, 119049 Moscow, Russia. (Dated: September 29, 2016)
Direct Activation of Bmi 1 by Twist 1 : Implications in Cancer Stemness , Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition , and Clinical Significance

Cancer stemness is a concept used to describe a minor population of cells (cancer stem cells-CSCs) residing in a tumor, which possess self-renewal properties and are resistant to chemo/radiation therapy. Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), a major mechanism of cancer metastasis, is a process which generates cells with stem-like properties. The relationship between cancer stemness and EMT is well documented but without detailed mechanistic explanation. Bmi1 belongs to the polycomb repressive complex 1 (PRC1) which maintains self-renewal and stemness. Recent results showed that Twist1, an EMT regulator, directly activates Bmi1 and these two molecules function together to mediate cancer stemness and EMT. These results provide a molecular explanation of the relationship between cancer stemness and EMT. Bmi1 is frequently overexpressed in various types of human cancers and can confer drug resistance. Twist1 is also overexpressed in various human cancers with prognostic significance. The functional interdependence between Twist1 and Bmi1 provides a fresh insight into the molecular mechanism of EMT-induced cancer stemness. Further investigation of the mechanisms mediating EMT and cancer stemness will be helpful in the management and treatment of metastatic cancers. (Chang Gung Med J 2011;34:229-38)
Cardiotoxicidad por quimioterapia antineoplásica. Presentación de un caso

El objetivo de la quimioterapia es la destruccion de celulas tumorales, se clasifica en: adyuvante, neoadyuvante o de induccion, concomitante con radioterapia, paliativa, monoterapia, poliquimioterapia, combinada y secuencial. Los principales farmacos son: agentes alquilantes, platinados, antimetabolitos, inhibidores de topoisomerasa, inhibidores de los microtubulos y miscelaneos. Los efectos secundarios a nivel cardiaco son: miocardiopatias quimioinducidas, cardiotoxicidad aguda, cardiotoxicidad cronica, cardiotoxicidad tardia, arritmias cardiacas y cardiopatia isquemica; asi como segundas neoplasias, principalmente hematologicas (leucemias, linfomas) y tumores solidos que evolucionan con mayores morbilidad y mortalidad. Caso clinico: mujer de 36 anos. Cancer en mama derecha. En 2005 recibio quimioterapia neoadyuvante (4 ciclos) y adyuvante (4 ciclos). Mastectomia radical y diseccion radical de axila, radioterapia, ciclo mamario completo. Posteriormente hormonoterapia hasta octubre de 2009. En diciembre 2009 tumor en gluteo izquierdo, exceresis en febrero de 2010 con reporte de malignidad. Glutectomia en agosto de 2010 con diagnostico de rabdomiosarcoma pleomorfo, tratamiento con radioterapia adyuvante (51.5 Gy) y quimioterapia adyuvante con cisplatino y doxorrubicina (3 ciclos). En marzo de 2011 acudio a cuarto ciclo con disnea de 4 dias de evolucion, de pequenos esfuerzos y paroxistica nocturna; dolor toracico, opresivo, de 6 horas, inicio posterior a deambulacion y tos productiva. E.f. t.a. 60/30, f.c. 130 L x min, no toleraba decubito, palidez, diaforetica, pulso filiforme, pletora yugular, f.c. 150 x min con ritmo de galope. Electrocardiograma qs en v1, r embrionaria v2–v3. ECOTT: FEVI de 28%, hipocinesia generalizada del VI, adelgazamiento de la pared septal. Se le diagnostico insuficiencia cardiaca (de acuerdo con los criterios de Framingham) e infarto antiguo septal. Esto es consecuencia de la mayor supervivencia de neoplasias y de los efectos secundarios del tratamiento, por lo cual debemos solicitar en estos pacientes de rutina: ECOTT Y ECG y asi poder iniciar manejo temprano y evitar o posponer estos estadios terminales. Palabras clave: antineoplasicos, cardiotoxicidad.
Impact of comorbidity on treatment response to paroxetine in pediatric obsessive-compulsive disorder: is the use of exclusion criteria empirically supported in randomized clinical trials?

OBJECTIVE To examine the influence of psychiatric comorbidity on response and relapse rates in children and adolescents treated with paroxetine for obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD). METHODS Patients responding following 16 weeks of treatment (phase I) were randomized to continued paroxetine or to placebo for 16 additional weeks (phase II). OCD response (phase I) and relapse (phase II) criteria were based on the Clinical Global Impression-Improvement Scale and the Children's Yale-Brown Obsessive Compulsive Scale. The presence of OCD and other psychiatric disorders was ascertained using the Kiddie Schedule for Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia for School-Age Children-Present and Lifetime Version interview. RESULTS At entry, 193 of 335 (57.6%) patients had at least one psychiatric disorder in addition to OCD, and 102 of 335 (30.4%) had multiple other disorders. Although the response rate to paroxetine in the overall population was high (71%), the response rates in patients with comorbid attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, tic disorder, or oppositional defiant disorder (56%, 53%, and 39%, respectively) were significantly less than in patients with OCD only (75%) (intent-to-treat population, last observation carried forward analysis, p < 0.05). Psychiatric comorbidity was associated with a greater rate of relapse in the total patient population (46% for one or more comorbid disorders [p = 0.04] and 56% for two or more comorbid disorders [p < 0.05] vs. 32% for no comorbidity). CONCLUSIONS The results of these post hoc analyses show that comorbid illness adversely impacted response to pharmacotherapy with paroxetine in pediatric OCD and significantly increased risk of relapse following withdrawal from treatment. Continued paroxetine treatment reduced the relapse rates in all groups compared with placebo, including those with comorbid illness. Because pediatric OCD is frequently comorbid with other psychiatric disorders, results of randomized, controlled pediatric OCD trials that use multiple exclusion criteria may not generalize to more naturalistic OCD samples.
Impaired spatial learning in the Morris water maze induced by serotonin reuptake inhibitors in rats

The effects of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors citalopram and fluoxetine on spatial learning were assessed in rats. Adult male rats were subjected to 4 days of training in the Morris water maze with the invisible platform. Animals received different doses of citalopram (1–8 mg/kg; i.p.) or fluoxetine (1–16 mg/kg; i.p.) or their vehicles (saline or distilled water respectively) 30 minutes before training each day. The results showed that citalopram at doses of 4 and 8 mg/kg and fluoxetine at doses of 8 and 16 mg/kg significantly increased latencies to find the platform and traveled distances compared to the control group. Therefore, it appears that selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors can cause learning deficits in complex spatial tasks such as Morris water maze.
Secure Communication with RFID tags in the Internet of Things

The functional capabilities of radio-frequency identification (RFID) tags are rapidly increasing. Therefore, they can no longer be treated as pure bar-code substitute, but they should be considered as computing devices. Modern tags are able to store and compute data, or even hold sensors. To draw full advantage from the increased functionality of the tags, it will become important to integrate these tags into the Internet of Things (IoT), that is, enable two-way end-to-end communication over the Internet. Powerful application scenarios can be developed when communication with tags can be established via the network. We introduce the concept of Mobile-IPv6-enabled RFID tags to enable a two-way communication via IPv6. Mobile IPv6 allows integration of passive low-cost RFID tags into the IoT in a transparent and compatible way. Like the “traditional” Internet, many applications can only be built upon secure communication. Therefore, it is essential to provide securing mechanisms. For the Internet, Internet Protocol Security (IPsec) is used to secure the connection between two nodes. In this paper, we want to define security services analog to IPsec for communication with RFID tags. We analyze the cryptographic capabilities of current RFID tags and build a security layer to enable a secure end-to-end connection between tags and other nodes in the net. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Outbreak of Salmonella Newport Infections Linked to Cucumbers—United States, 2014

Background: Salmonella causes approximately 1 million foodborne infections and 400 deaths annually in the United States. In August 2014, PulseNet, the national molecular subtyping network for foodborne disease surveillance, detected a multistate cluster of Salmonella Newport (SN) infections with an indistinguishable pulse-field gel electrophoresis pattern. This strain has previously been linked to tomatoes from the Delmarva Peninsula of the Eastern US. We investigated to identify the source and prevent further illnesses. Methods: A case was defined as an illness with the outbreak strain with onset from 5/20/20149/30/2014. Information was collected on travel, restaurant, and food exposures in the 7 days before illness onset using a structured questionnaire. Reported food frequencies were compared to the 2006-2007 FoodNet Population Survey. A non-regulatory traceback was performed to identify the source of food items consumed in illness sub-clusters. Whole genome sequencing (WGS) was conducted to further characterize relatedness of Salmonella isolates. Results: A total of 275 cases from 29 states and DC were identified; 34% (48/141) were hospitalized and 1 death was reported. A significantly higher percentage of ill persons consumed cucumbers in the week before illness onset than expected, (62% vs. 46.9%, p=0.002). Traceback of 8 illness subclusters led to a common cucumber grower in the Delmarva region of Maryland. WGS analysis showed that genetic sequences of clinical isolates from MD and DE were highly related but distinct from a NY sub-cluster. Conclusions: Epidemiologic and traceback evidence suggest cucumbers were a major source of illness in this outbreak. This is the first multistate outbreak of SN infections linked to a produce item from the Delmarva Peninsula other than tomatoes, suggesting an environmental reservoir may be responsible for recurring outbreaks.
La eficacia de diferentes protocolos de ejercicios para prevenir la incidencia de lesión isquiotibial en atletas.

Introduccion: La distension de los musculos isquiotibiales es la lesion, sin contacto, mas frecuente asociada a la participacion deportiva. Ademas de las caracteristicas anatomicas y funcionales de los isquiotibiales, tales como la organizacion biarticular, o la bi-inervacion de biceps femoral; un numero de factores modificables y no modificables, se han asociado con el riesgo de lesiones de los musculos isquiotibiales en atletas. Cada una de estas variables podria tener un impacto sobre el riesgo de lesion en un enfoque integral; por lo cual la posibilidad de sufrir una lesion puede variar dependiendo de las circunstancias particulares de cada atleta. El objetivo de esta revision critica, es examinar los efectos de los actuales protocolos de ejercicios preventivos y proporcionar directrices basicas para la prevencion de lesiones de los isquiotibiales en los atletas. Discusion: Las lesiones de los isquiotibiales se producen durante las acciones de alta velocidad, o de estiramiento extremo; por lo tanto, con el fin de prevenir la incidencia de este tipo de lesiones, el estiramiento activo especifico, los ejercicios de estiramiento, o ejercicios especificos del deporte, se han integrado en los programas regulares de entrenamiento. La respuesta a estos programas de intervencion ha mostrado resultados mixtos. Se presenta un marco conceptual, proponiendo que un programa eficaz de prevencion de lesiones debe incluir una combinacion de diferentes ejercicios especificos y no especificos. Ademas, debe tenerse una consideracion especial sobre los ejercicios excentricos realizados sobre los musculos estirados, y tambien hacer hincapie en las acciones de co-contraccion de los isquiotibiales, en la estabilidad de la rodilla. Conclusion: Los efectos protectores provocados por un programa de prevencion bien disenado, podrian ser obtenidos en cuatro semanas, con solo dos sesiones semanales , incluyendo tres series de seis a ocho repeticiones, con tres ejercicios de cadena cinetica abierta y cerrada. Las investigaciones futuras deberian analizar las modificaciones estructurales y funcionales especificas, provocadas por la aplicacion regular de los diferentes tipos de ejercicios y protocolos, destinados a reducir el riesgo de lesion en los musculos isquiotibiales.
Not ‘Just Another Brick in the Wall?’ The Symbolism of Groundstone Tools in Natufian and Early Neolithic Southern Levantine Constructions

A phenomenon noted in early sedentary and semi-sedentary settlements in the southern Levant is the use of groundstone tools as ‘building material’ incorporated into structure walls. It is argued in this article that these artefacts should not be perceived merely as construction material, but rather they should be seen as having a symbolic purpose owing to the social and economic significance that groundstone tools acquired during the transition to agriculture and the growing importance of food processing. This assumed symbolic purpose may also originate from ritual contexts in which these artefacts processed foodstuffs and other substances, thereby becoming ‘positive’ symbols of prosperity and success. Such symbolic content may result from their economic significance interlaced with their association with specific persona and familial and personal heritage. It is suggested that the qualities of the tools lent an element of potency to these artefacts and probably led to their inclusion in structure walls. The linkage between persona, space and positive potency may have granted status or protection to the structures and also may have assisted in marking ownership of the property.
Similar submodules and coincidence site modules

We consider connections between similar sublattices and coincidence site lattices (CSLs), and more generally between similar submodules and coincidence site modules of general (free) $\mathbb{Z}$-modules in $\mathbb{R}^d$. In particular, we generalise results obtained by S. Glied and M. Baake [1,2] on similarity and coincidence isometries of lattices and certain lattice-like modules called $\mathcal{S}$-modules. An important result is that the factor group $\mathrm{OS}(M)/\mathrm{OC}(M)$ is Abelian for arbitrary $\mathbb{Z}$-modules $M$, where $\mathrm{OS}(M)$ and $\mathrm{OC}(M)$ are the groups of similar and coincidence isometries, respectively. In addition, we derive various relations between the indices of CSLs and their corresponding similar sublattices. [1] S. Glied, M. Baake, Similarity versus coincidence rotations of lattices, Z. Krist. 223, 770--772 (2008). DOI: 10.1524/zkri.2008. 1054 [2] S. Glied, Similarity and coincidence isometries for modules, Can. Math. Bull. 55, 98--107 (2011). DOI: 10.4153/CMB-2011-076-x
Fetal raphe transplants reduce seizure severity in serotonin‐depleted GEPRs

THIS study investigated whether transplantation of fetal raphe tissue into genetically epilepsy-prone rats (GEPR- 3s) would reduce the severity of seizures previously exacerbated by depletion of brain serotonin. Mild-seizure GEPR-3s were depleted of brain serotonin by 5,7-dihy- droxytryptamine (DHT) and evaluated for seizure severity. Rats then received 15-day fetal raphe tissue, fetal neocortical tissue or were sham grafted. GEPR-3s treated with 5,7-DHT showed increased seizure severity following depletion of serotonin and subsequent reductions in severity as a result of fetal raphe transplantation. Sham- or neocortex-grafted rats maintained elevated seizure severity scores throughout the study. Prominent raphe or cortical grafts were observed within the third ventricle of GEPRs at autopsy. These findings show that transplantation of fetal raphe tissue promotes lasting reductions in increased seizure severity resulting from depletion of serotonin in the GEPR brain.