Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Modélisation et identification de systèmes complexes : application à des véhicules routiers en vue de l'étude d'un nouveau système de freinage

Nous proposons une strategie generale de la recherche d'un modele. Elle consiste a analyser les objectifs, les moyens et le temps disponible, a faire le choix du type de modele, a construire le modele et a effectuer une comparaison iterative des resultats. Nous montrons que l'analyse du systeme gagne en rigueur, que le modele gagne en possibilites d'evolution et en confort d'utilisation, si l'on adopte certaines notions orientee objets. L'etude des elements qui conditionnent le comportement des vehicules illustre la complexite des vehicules et leurs caracteres hautement non - lineaires. L'analyse de la problematique du freinage et de la tenue de route demontre que des etudes monoaxiales du comportement des vehicules ne peuvent etre satisfaisantes pour l'etude de bon nombres de phenomenes. Un vehicule est un systeme complexe, non - lineaire ayant des comportements couples. Des modeles complets et precis des vehicules sont necessaires afin de parfaire la connaissance des phenomenes, d'elaborer, de tester et de valider des solutions modernes, novatrices et performantes. Les modeles elabores sont au nombre de six. Le plus simple d'entre eux represente un quart de vehicule bloque en ligne droite, tandis que le plus complexe est representatif d'un vehicule articule. Les modeles elabores, de type boite grise, maintiennent une correlation et une coherence avec la realite physique du comportement du vehicule d'un niveau eleve tout en offrant une precision importante de la description des phenomenes, offrent une tres bonne precision de calcul en rapport du temps de calcul, sont d'un emploi aise et peuvent etre facilement modifie et enrichi. Les possibilites de ces modeles sont illustrees par un panel de simulations representatives de differentes situations de conduite, par l'etude d'une regulation de freinage par une commande auto-adaptative et par l'analyse de l'influence de differentes politiques de freinage
Male cytogenetic evaluation prior to assisted reproduction procedures performed in Mar del Plata, Argentina.

OBJECTIVE This paper aimed to estimate the frequency of occurrence and the types of chromosomal abnormalities found in 141 infertile men with abnormal semen parameters. METHODS the frequency and type of chromosomal abnormalities were determined with male mitotic karyotype analysis from peripheral blood through chromosome banding techniques before assisted reproduction procedures. RESULTS In this series of 141 infertile men, 19 (13%) had chromosomal anomalies and 35 (25%) had polymorphic variants. The main chromosome abnormalities were reciprocal translocations and marker chromosomes in mosaic. CONCLUSIONS These results stress the relevance of cytogenetic studies for infertile males as a diagnostic tool and a valuable input in genetic counseling.
Denaturant m values and heat capacity changes: Relation to changes in accessible surface areas of protein unfolding

Denaturant m values, the dependence of the free energy of unfolding on denaturant concentration, have been collected for a large set of proteins. The m value correlates very strongly with the amount of protein surface exposed to solvent upon unfolding, with linear correlation coefficients of R = 0.84 for urea and R = 0.87 for guanidine hydrochloride. These correlations improve to R = 0.90 when the effect of disulfide bonds on the accessible area of the unfolded protein is included. A similar dependence on accessible surface area has been found previously for the heat capacity change (ΔCp), which is confirmed here for our set of proteins. Denaturant m values and heat capacity changes also correlate well with each other. For proteins that undergo a simple two‐state unfolding mechanism, the amount of surface exposed to solvent upon unfolding is a main structural determinant for both m values and ΔCp.
Down-regulation of UDP-glucuronic Acid Biosynthesis Leads to Swollen Plant Cell Walls and Severe Developmental Defects Associated with Changes in Pectic Polysaccharides*

Background: Arabidopsis plants with a knock-out in UDP-glucose dehydrogenase provide less nucleotide sugars for cell wall biosynthesis. Results: Mutants with reduced UDP-glucuronic acid show developmental defects and changes in the pectic network. Conclusion: Pectins are important for plant cell walls. Alternative pathways to UDP-glucuronic acid are unable to compensate the mutation and limited by the inositol supply. Significance: Pectic polymers are more important for cell wall integrity and development than previously thought. UDP-glucose dehydrogenase (UGD) plays a key role in the nucleotide sugar biosynthetic pathway, as its product UDP-glucuronic acid is the common precursor for arabinose, xylose, galacturonic acid, and apiose residues found in the cell wall. In this study we characterize an Arabidopsis thaliana double mutant ugd2,3 that lacks two of the four UGD isoforms. This mutant was obtained from a cross of ugd2 and ugd3 single mutants, which do not show phenotypical differences compared with the WT. In contrast, ugd2,3 has a strong dwarfed phenotype and often develops seedlings with severe root defects suggesting that the UGD2 and UGD3 isoforms act in concert. Differences in its cell wall composition in comparison to the WT were determined using biochemical methods indicating a significant reduction in arabinose, xylose, apiose, and galacturonic acid residues. Xyloglucan is less substituted with xylose, and pectins have a reduced amount of arabinan side chains. In particular, the amount of the apiose containing side chains A and B of rhamnogalacturonan II is strongly reduced, resulting in a swollen cell wall. The alternative pathway to UDP-glucuronic acid with the key enzyme myo-inositol oxygenase is not up-regulated in ugd2,3. The pathway also does not complement the ugd2,3 mutation, likely because the supply of myo-inositol is limited. Taken together, the presented data underline the importance of UDP GlcA for plant primary cell wall formation.
Epidemiology, Genetics and Sociology

In his paper (1984), Sir Harold Himsworth states (p. 173) that 'it is impossible for an outsider to read the writings of professional sociologists without receiving the impression that, to most, any suggestion that inherent differences in individual capability might be relevant to their considerations, is unwelcome'. In support of this assertion, Sir Harold then quotes two passages from my work (Goldthorpe, Llewelyn & Payne, 1980, p. 30, p. 2). The first passage he takes as implying that I am reluctant in principle to consider the possibility that genetic influences contribute to differences in individual attainment; the second he sees as revealing the reason for this—namely, that, like other sociologists, I am ready to reject data or analyses thereof if they come into conflict with my ideological commitments. In both cases, Sir Harold's interpretation of what I have written is mistaken and unwarranted. As regards the passage quoted by Sir Harold from p. 2 of my book, a paragraph immediately follows which makes it clear that while I believe that the choice of research problems in the social sciences is typically guided by extra-scientific interests, I do not see this as giving licence for partisanship in the way in which such problems are treated, nor as being in any way incompatible with 'a due respect for rules of evidence and argument'. As regards the passage taken frofn p. 30, Sir Harold here makes at least four errors of quotation in a dozen lines (including omitting a 'not' and substituting 'should' for 'would') and further leaves out a rather important sentence (see below) from the middle of the passage. The reason why there is relatively little discussion in my book of the part played in mobility processes by 'inherent differences' among individuals—or, for that matter, by non-inherent ones—is straightforward. The primary concern of the book is, quite explicitly, with describing, analysing, and examining the consequences of recent changes in rates and patterns of mobility understood as macro-sociological phenomena, and not with accounting for mobility or immobility at the individual level. This focus is one which does indeed reflect my own socio-political interests, as I fully acknowledge. But do such interests not influence the choice of problems among practitioners of the 'established science' of epidemiology? However, what is also reflected is my judgment, at the time when I was planning my study, of where
Millimeter-wave high-Q CMOS active inductor

This paper presents a novel low-power high-Q active inductor, which exploits only an integrated transformer and a MOSFET in common drain configuration. The operating principle is explained and the equivalent input impedance is derived. The case study for millimeter-waves low-power applications has been implemented by using a standard 90-nm CMOS process. The active inductor provides an equivalent inductance close to 1.3 nH with an associated quality factor (Q) close to 250 at 34.6 GHz, with a power consumption of 354 µW and 500-mV supply voltage.
Fracture of the neck of the femur after surface arthroplasty of the hip.

BACKGROUND There are two main modes of failure of the femur following surface arthroplasty of the hip: femoral neck fracture and aseptic loosening. The purpose of the present study was to present our experience with femoral neck fractures that occurred after metal-on-metal hybrid surface arthroplasty and to assess their cause. METHODS A series of 600 metal-on-metal surface arthroplasties was performed between late 1996 and early 2003. Failures that occurred during this period were assessed radiographically and with implant retrieval analysis to determine their cause. RESULTS Five femoral neck fractures occurred in this series (prevalence, 0.83%). Four of the five fractures occurred at the component-neck junction within the first five months (average, three months) after surgery. All five fractures were associated with a traumatic episode, but all five also were associated with structural and/or technical risk factors, which we believe weakened the femoral neck. The most important technical deficiency that contributed to three of the five fractures was the failure to cover all of the reamed bone with the component. CONCLUSIONS It is important to avoid or at least minimize notching of the femoral neck by performing the cylindrical reaming at the recommended angle of 140 degrees and to stop reaming before the reamer touches the lateral cortex. Osteophytes should be removed judiciously only if there is notable impingement when the hip is flexed to 90 degrees and internally rotated. We believe that understanding the factors that contribute to femoral neck fracture after surface arthroplasty may reduce the prevalence of this mode of failure.
Patterns of translational regulation in the mammalian testis

The translational activity of more than 40 different mRNAs in rodent testes has been analyzed by determining the proportions of inactive free‐mRNPs and active polysomal mRNAs in sucrose gradients. These mRNAs can be sorted into several groups comprising mRNAs with similar patterns of translational activity in particular cell types. mRNAs in testicular somatic cells sediment primarily with polysomes, indicating that they are translated efficiently, whereas the vast majority of mRNAs in late meiotic and haploid spermatogenic cells display high levels of free‐mRNPs, indicative of a block to the initiation of translation. Protamine mRNAs exemplify a group of mRNAs that is transcribed in round spermatids, stored as free‐mRNPs for several days, and translated in elongated spermatids after the cessation of transcription. The extent to which the free‐mRNPs in primary spermatocytes and round spermatids are due to developmental changes in translational activity is unclear. mRNAs at these stages can often be detected earlier than the corresponding protein, implicating either a delay in translational activation or difficulties in detecting the protein. In contrast, sucrose gradients consistently indicate little difference in the proportions of various mRNAs in free‐mRNPs in primary spermatocytes and round spermatids, implying that the proportions of translationally active mRNAs remain essentially constant. Since the levels of some mRNAs appear to greatly exceed the amount that is translated, the biological significance of some free‐mRNPs in meiotic and early haploid cells in unclear. There are numerous examples of controls over the translation of individual mRNAs in meiotic and haploid cells; the proportions of various mRNAs in free‐mRNPs range from virtually none to virtually all, and individual mRNAs are activated at specific stages in elongated spermatids. Existing evidence is contradictory whether the mRNAs in the protamine/transition protein gene family are repressed by mRNP proteins of sequestration. © 1996 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Ku 70 Alleviates Neurodegeneration in Drosophila Models of Huntington ’ s Disease

DNA damage accumulates in genome DNA during the long life of neurons, thus DNA damage repair is indispensable to keep normal functions of neurons. We previously reported that Ku70, a critical molecule for DNA double strand break (DSB) repair, is involved in the pathology of Huntington’s disease (HD). Mutant huntingtin (Htt) impaired Ku70 function via direct interaction, and Ku70 supplementation recovered phenotypes of a mouse HD model. In this study, we generate multiple Drosophila HD models that express mutant huntingtin (Htt) in eye or motor neuron by different drivers and show various phenotypes. In such fly models, Ku70 co-expression recovers lifespan, locomotive activity and eye degeneration. In contrast, Ku70 reduction by heterozygous null mutation or siRNA-mediated knock down accelerates lifespan shortening and locomotion disability. These results collectively support that Ku70 is a critical mediator of the HD pathology and a candidate therapeutic target in HD. Citation: Tamura T, Sone M, Iwatsubo T, Tagawa K, Wanker EE, et al. (2011) Ku70 Alleviates Neurodegeneration in Drosophila Models of Huntington’s Disease. PLoS ONE 6(11): e27408. doi:10.1371/journal.pone. 0027408 Editor: Patrick Callaerts, VIB & Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Belgium Received January 13, 2011; Accepted October 16, 2011; Published November 7, 2011 Copyright: 2011 Tamura et al. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. Funding: This work was supported by grants to H.O. from Japan Science Technology Agency (CREST, JST, Japan) and from Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology of Japan (16390249, 16650076, 18390254, 18650097, Research on Pathomechanisms of Brain Disorders: 17025017, 18023014, 20023011) and Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research on Innovative Areas (Foundation of Synapse and Neurocircuit Pathology). Financial support to E.E. W. was provided by National Genome Research Network (NGFN) grants and DFG Collaborative Research Centre grants (SFB577, SFB740, SFB618). The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. Competing Interests: The authors have declared that no competing interests exist. * E-mail: okazawa-tky@umin.ac. jp
Scaling properties of localization in random band matrices: A sigma -model approach.

We reduce a random-band-matrix (RBM) problem to a one-dimensional, nonlinear, supersymmetric, \ensuremath{\sigma} model. This reduction becomes exact in the limit b\ensuremath{\rightarrow}\ensuremath{\infty}, b being the effective bandwidth. We prove that ${\mathit{b}}^{2}$/N, N being the matrix size, is the relevant scaling parameter. When the mean value of diagonal elements increases linearly along the diagonal an extra scaling parameter arises. These conclusions are in agreement with recent numerical results.
Treatment of Distal Anterior Circulation Aneurysms With the Pipeline Embolization Device: A US Multicenter Experience.

BACKGROUND Utilization of the Pipeline embolization device (PED) to treat distal carotid circulation aneurysms has not been well studied. OBJECTIVE To report the collective experience of using PED to treat distal anterior circulation aneurysms. METHODS We retrospectively reviewed clinical and radiographic records of all patients who underwent Pipeline embolization of distal anterior circulation aneurysms at 10 US neurosurgical centers between 2011 and 2013. RESULTS Twenty-eight patients (mean age 51.7 years; 18 women) with 28 aneurysms were included in the analyses. Fifteen aneurysms were fusiform, 5 dissecting, and 8 saccular. Average aneurysm size was 12.3 mm; 7 were giant. Twenty aneurysms were located along the middle cerebral artery, 6 along the anterior cerebral artery, and 2 along the anterior communicating artery. PED deployment was successful in 27 patients, with coils utilized in 6 cases. Clinical follow-up was available for an average of 10.7 months (range 3-26). Twenty-seven patients had follow-up neurovascular imaging: 21 aneurysms had complete occlusion, 4 had residual neck filling, and 2 had residual dome filling. Periprocedural complications (<30 days) occurred in 3 patients (10.7%), including 1 case of device failure resulting in stroke. Outcomes were good (modified Rankin Scale score 0 to 2) in 27 patients (96.4%) and fair (modified Rankin Scale 3) in 1. CONCLUSION PED can be utilized in the treatment of distal anterior circulation aneurysms with difficult anatomy for conventional surgical or endovascular techniques. Larger-scale studies with long-term follow-up are needed to further elucidate the durability of PED treatment and its effect on perforator-rich vascular segments. ABBREVIATIONS ACA, anterior cerebral arteryAcomA, anterior communicating arteryDSA, digital subtraction angiographyMCA, middle cerebral arterymRS, modified Rankin scalePED, Pipeline embolization device.
Inapparent infection: relation of latent and dormant infections to microbial persistence.

BOTH microbes and man have an extraor¬ dinary degree of adaptive plasticity with reference to their respective environments. For centuries, man has been constantly changing his external environment and using his adaptive capacity to survive therein. In recent decades, however, man has greatly increased his capacity to alter his internal environment. And, it is man's now frequently altered internal environ¬ ment to which the microbes that inhabit man
Thalamo‐cortical processing of vibrissal information in the rat. II. Spatiotemporal convergence in the thalamic ventroposterior medial nucleus (VPm) and its relevance to generation of receptive fields of S1 cortical “Barrel” neurones

One hundred and twenty‐six cells, sampled in the vicinity of the D1 barreloid in the ventroposterior medial nucleus of the thalamus, were tested for magnitude and latency of response to brief deflections (3 ms; 1.14°) of vibrissae in adult rats under controlled conditions of light urethane anaesthesia. Similar results were achieved for D1 and non‐D‐dominant cells. D1‐dominant cells (N = 76) responded to the centre‐receptive field (D1) vibrissa with a mean of 1.08 spikes per stimulus at modal latencies of 3–12 ms (inter‐quartile range 4–5 ms) and to surrounding vibrissae with a mean of 0.26 spikes per stimulus at latencies of 3–41 ms (inter‐quartile range 5–8 ms). Surround‐receptive fields showed extensive overlap but were reduced and finally eliminated by deepening anaesthesia. A cell‐by‐cell analysis showed no correlation between latency and response magnitude for responses to surround vibrissae. Response magnitudes to the surround‐ and centre‐receptive field inputs for D1‐dominant barrel cells were some 2.5‐ and 1.7‐fold greater, respectively, than for thalamic cells under identical experimental conditions. The latencies to centre‐ and surround‐receptive field inputs for D1‐dominant barrel cells were 2.5 and 10–20 ms later than for thalamus, respectively. These data on a mismatch of latencies for surround‐ and centre‐receptive fields in thalamus and cortex support the notion that surround‐receptive fields of cortical barrel cells are almost entirely constructed intracortically during light an anaesthesia (Armstrong‐James et al., '91), although it is argued that surround‐receptive fields of thalamic cells conceivably could be relayed in other cortical states or serve a role in plasticity.
Multilevel Haar Wavelet Transform and Histogram Usage in Content Based Image Retrieval System

In this paper the content based image retrieval system, using hybrid approach of features such as Texture and Color is presented. The color feature is extracted through Color Histogram and texture is extracted using Haar Wavelet Transformation. The combination of these features is robust to scaling and translation of objects in an image. The proposed system has demonstrated a promising and faster retrieval method on an image database containing general-purpose color images. The performance has been evaluated by comparing with the existing systems in the literature. The expansion of content based image retrieval technique can be found in a number of different domains. Content Based Image Retrieval is putting into practice for the image retrieval problem that is the problem of searching for digital images in large databases.
Fatigue in multiple sclerosis: associations with health‐related quality of life and physical performance

Background and purpose: Fatigue is a common, but still one of the least understood symptoms in multiple sclerosis (MS). We aimed to investigate whether fatigue was associated with demographic‐, clinical‐, health‐related quality of life (HRQoL)‐ and physical performance variables, and whether change in fatigue after treatment was associated with changes in HRQoL and physical performance.
Basics : Cell Parameters AC influence on Charge Chapter Heading for Encyclopedia of Electrochemical Power Sources

The influence of ac on the operations within a cell is a very broad area of interest. In fact, dc responses can be considered as being a special case of an ac response where the cycle has a very long period. The approach taken in this present ion is to provide an overview by addressing the ac influence as a collection of special interest areas. This article shall address the following issues: RMS Heating, the application of a battery as a static filter for an alternator output, Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopic (EIS) methodologies, pulsing of lead acid batteries during charge, and chaotic oscillatory behavior. This should give an indication of the scope of the ac influence.
Low power self-timed floating-point divider in 0.25um technology

This paper describes a low power self-timed radix-2 56-b floating-point divider based on redundant signed digit arithmetic. By introducting static circuits in the noncritical data path, power consumption can be decreased by 46% without performance degradation compared to a fully dynamic dual-rail implementation. The proposed divider was fabricated using a 5-metal 0. 25µm standard CMOS process. The measured results show 43.5ns worst-case delay and 35mA operating current with a 2.5V supply.