Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Underlying mechanism of portal hypertensive gastropathy in cirrhosis: A hemodynamic and morphological approach

Background and Aim: Portal hypertensive gastropathy (PHG) is an important cause of bleeding in patients with cirrhosis associated with portal hypertension. Histologically, the condition is characterized by dilation of the mucosal and submucosal vessels of the stomach; however, its mechanisms remain unclear. The aim of the present cross‐sectional study was to evaluate the role of portal and systemic hemodynamic features, humoral factors and hepatocellular function in the development and severity of PHG in patients with cirrhosis.
Intelligent Algorithm-Based Reactive Power Compensation at Distribution Network for Three-Phase Imbalance

In the three-phase power supply system, the power factor and unbalanced three-phase power supply can affect the quality of important factors, but the existing compensation is difficult in the reactive power compensation with changing the original three-phase unbalanced load into three-phase symmetrical load of the power supply system. Thus, in the case of three-phase imbalance, this paper proposes an intelligent algorithm, firstly, based on prediction of the improved artificial neural network, the predicting parameters of the compensation can be obtained. Secondly, using the particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithm to seeking for compensated reactance value of global optimization, optimal switching value can be found. Finally, after obtaining the optimal value of integrated control, the power should be gotten Adjustment, in order to controlling the power of comprehensive compensation purposes. The results show that under the case serious imbalance in the three-phase case, we should some factors(including the reactive power, voltage ,and so on) should be considered in the phase of looking for the optimized reactance values to improving the system's power factor, reducing system losses and other issues.
Postoperative Propionibacterium endophthalmitis. Treatment strategies and long-term results.

PURPOSE Postoperative Propionibacterium endophthalmitis is a condition characterized by exacerbations and remissions that has often been accompanied by recurrence after treatment. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the efficacy of initial therapies in preventing recurrent endophthalmitis and to assess the safety of intraocular lens (IOL) exchange performed during treatment of active endophthalmitis. METHODS The records of 22 patients with culture-proven Propionibacterium endophthalmitis treated at one facility were retrospectively reviewed. RESULTS Two patients presented acutely, were treated with intraocular antibiotic injection alone, and experienced no recurrent inflammation. Twenty patients presented with chronic, delayed-onset pseudophakic endophthalmitis. Eight of these were treated initially with intraocular antibiotic injection alone, and recurrent endophthalmitis developed in seven. Twelve patients with chronic endophthalmitis were initially managed surgically with either pars plana vitrectomy or IOL exchange. Four of the 12 experienced recurrent endophthalmitis. Patients undergoing capsulectomy as part of initial management experienced the lowest rate of recurrent endophthalmitis. Eight patients eventually underwent total capsulectomy and IOL explantation, seven of whom had IOL exchange. None of these eight patients had recurrent endophthalmitis. In seven of the eight, persistent bacterial colonization of the lens capsular remnants was demonstrated. CONCLUSIONS These data suggest that recurrent Propionibacterium endophthalmitis is due to persistence of viable organisms sequestered within lens capsular remnants, and that initial therapy directed toward surgical removal of these sequestered organisms results in a reduced frequency of recurrent endophthalmitis. Intraocular lens exchange with complete capsular removal during active endophthalmitis was not associated with recurrent or persistent endophthalmitis.
Finite Schematic Eye Model with Maxwell Fish-Eye Spherical Lens

In this paper, the finite schematic eye model with Maxwell fish-eye spherical lens is proposed. Spherical aberration, sagittal and tangential power errors, astigmatism, field curvature and internal and external angles of the pupil ray are compared with four existing model eyes and real eye. The finite schematic eye model with Maxwell fish-eye spherical lens provides excellent estimation of spherical aberration and field curvature and has reasonable estimations of sagittal and tangential power errors and astigmatism.
Synthetic lethality in DNA repair network: A novel avenue in targeted cancer therapy and combination therapeutics

Synthetic lethality refers to a lethal phenotype that results from the simultaneous disruptions of two genes, while the disruption of either gene alone is viable. Many DNA double strand break repair (DSBR) genes have synthetic lethal relationships with oncogenes and tumor suppressor genes, which can be exploited for targeted cancer therapy, an approach referred to as combination therapy. DNA double‐strand breaks (DSBs) are one of the most toxic lesions to a cell and can be repaired by non‐homologous end joining (NHEJ) or homologous recombination (HR). HR and NHEJ genes are particularly attractive targets for cancer therapy because these genes have altered expression patterns in cancer cells when compared with normal cells and these genetic abnormalities can be targeted for selectively killing cancer cells. Here, we review recent advances in the development of small molecule inhibitors against HR and NHEJ genes to induce synthetic lethality and address the future directions and clinical relevance of this approach. © 2017 IUBMB Life, 69(12):929–937, 2017
Analysis and classification of human skin diseases

Most common skin diseases like skin cancers, leprosy etc are untreated and mostly causes death. Skin cancer has more cure rate if detected and treated early. The basic means of detecting these skin diseases is through visual inspection followed by biopsy and pathological examination. If the physician finds the appearance of lesion doubtful then normally visual inspection method is used for diagnosis but all malignant lesions are not identified through visual inspection. Now, there are no generally accepted tools that physician can use to immediately find the skin disease in the clinic. Most form of visual inspection could help to prevent misdiagnosis of BCC and other types of skin diseases. Previous work suggests that electrical impedance may distinguish skin cancer from other tissue. The electrical impedance of a tissue depends on its structural characteristics as well as its chemical composition. Studies have shown a wide degree of variation in the bio-electric properties between tissue and cells of body. The studies have shown differences in the electrical impedance of the skin as a result of irritation, allergic reaction, location, sex, age and hydration. A clinical study has also shown significant differences between affected skin and normal skin. Such clinical study is known as impedance measurement and based on a comparison of four indexes: magnitude, phase, real part and imaginary part index.
Intracellular pH regulation in cultured mouse oligodendrocytes.

1. Intracellular pH (pHi) and the mechanism of pHi regulation have been investigated in cultured oligodendrocytes from mouse spinal cord using double‐barrelled neutral‐carrier H+‐selective microelectrodes. The distribution of H+ was not in electrochemical equilibrium. The pHi was more alkaline than the pH of the bathing medium (pHo), namely 7.5 at pHo 7.2 at 7.6 at pHo 7.4. 2. Removal of HCO3‐ from the bathing medium reduced the steady‐state pHi by 0.4 units. An increase in extracellular K+ caused, with a delay, an increase in pHi. A decrease in pHo to 6.2 caused an acidification of pHi by 0.5 units. 3. The pHi regulation was studied by applying and subsequently removing NH4+ which resulted in an acidification of the cell. The subsequent recovery of pHi could then be analysed. The recovery from an acidification by 1 pH unit lasted 3‐10 min. In HCO3‐ ‐free solution pHi recovery was slowed. 4. In HCO3‐ ‐free solution pHi recovery was completely blocked when either Na+ was removed or when amiloride was applied indicating an exclusive activation of the Na+‐H+ exchanger. 5. In the presence of HCO3‐, removal of Na+ also completely blocked pHi recovery. When Na+ was readded, pHi recovered. In HCO3‐ ‐containing solution amiloride slightly slowed, but did not block pHi recovery. 6. Removal of Cl‐ or application of SITS, DIDS or furosemide, blockers of Cl‐ ‐coupled transport mechanisms, did not affect the pHi recovery in the presence of HCO3‐. 7. In conclusion, oligodendrocytes possess two mechanisms regulating pHi, a Na+‐H+ exchanger and a Na+‐HCO3‐ co‐transporter while the latter is clearly more potent. It follows that pHi regulation of oligodendrocytes is dependent on the transmembrane Na+ gradient and is strictly separated from regulation of internal Cl‐.
Musical obsession or pseudohallucination: Electrophysiological standpoint

Reported herein is a case of obsessive–compulsive disorder with persistent and distressing musical obsessions along with other symptoms. Advanced source analysis of electroencephalographic data indicated high spectral power over the bifrontal region. The musical symptoms were resistant to pharmacotherapy but there was some reduction in frequency and duration of musical obsessions with thought‐stopping technique.
Comparative evaluation of higher-order aberrations and corneal asphericity between wavefront-guided and aspheric LASIK for myopia.

PURPOSE To compare visual outcome, higher-order aberrations, and corneal asphericity (Q value) between wavefront-guided and aspheric LASIK for myopia and myopic astigmatism. METHODS Forty patients were randomly selected to receive wavefront-guided LASIK (wavefront-guided group) or aspheric LASIK (aspheric group) (40 eyes of 20 patients in each group) using the Technolas 217z excimer laser platform (Bausch & Lomb, Rochester, NY). Flaps were created using the Zyoptix XP microkeratome (Bausch & Lomb). Preoperative and postoperative evaluation included uncorrected distance visual acuity (UDVA), corneal topography, wavefront aberrometry, and contrast sensitivity. Minimum follow-up period was 6 months. RESULTS At 6 months postoperatively, the aspheric group had significantly better UDVA (logMAR 0.04 ± 0.04 [Snellen 20/16] [range: -0.079 to 0.000]) and lower mean residual spherical error (+0.10 ± 0.52 diopters [D] [range: -1.12 to 1.25 D]) than the wavefront-guided group (logMAR UDVA 0.00 ± 0.07 [range: -0.079 to 0.176]; MRSE -0.35 ± 0.47 D [range: -1.5 to 0.62 D]) (P = .003 and < .001, respectively). Mean change in higher-order aberration root mean square at 6 months postoperatively (6-mm pupil) was 0.16 ± 0.17 µm after aspheric LASIK and 0.27 ± 0.28 µm after wavefront-guided LASIK (P = .02). Aspheric LASIK induced minimal change in spherical aberrations postoperatively (0.03 ± 0.12 µm, P = .09), unlike wavefront-guided LASIK (0.23 ± 0.17 µm, P < .01). Change in Q value was significantly less in the aspheric group (0.53 ± 0.31) than the wavefront-guided group (0.91 ± 0.30) (P < .01). The aspheric group had significant improvement in contrast sensitivity at all spatial frequencies (P < .01), whereas the wavefront-guided group showed a slight decrease at higher spatial frequency (18 cycles per degree). CONCLUSIONS Aspheric LASIK induced significantly less change in higher-order aberrations and maintained corneal asphericity better than wavefront-guided LASIK. The visual outcome and contrast sensitivity was better in the aspheric group at 6 months postoperatively.
An adaptive waveform design method for OFDM cognitive radar

With fixed emitted waveforms, traditional radars could not achieve optimal performance when the target and environment change. Cognitive radar can apperceive changing information outside, feed back to the transmitter intelligently, and then adjust waveforms to achieve better performance. Therefore, cognitive radar can fit the fast changing environment of modern battlefield better than the traditional radar. The advantage of OFDM signals for cognitive radar is analyzed in this paper firstly. And then, a new architecture of OFDM cognitive radar is proposed. The crucial component - adaptive waveform design for the OFDM cognitive radar is addressed to solve the key problem of “learning” and “feedback” in cognitive radar. The main idea is to establish the “estimation-optimization” mechanism to handle the changing of the target and the surrounding environment. Simulation results demonstrate that the performance of OFDM cognitive radar is better than that of traditional radar.
Differential Expression of LIM Homeobox Genes among Motor Neuron Subpopulations in the Developing Chick Brain Stem

During development of the chick brain stem, cranial motor neuron subpopulations differentiate at distinct axial levels and extend their axons along specific pathways into the periphery. Differences in phenotype and axonal trajectory of these neuronal populations might be governed by the expression of different repertoires of transcription factors. In 2- to 7-day chick embryos, we find that genes of the LIM homeobox family are expressed differentially among cranial motor nuclei. Whereas Islet-1 is expressed by motor neurons of all cranial nerves, Islet-2 is expressed only in nuclei that contain somatic motor neurons and transiently in a specialized population of contralateral vestibuloacoustic efferent neurons. Lim-3 is expressed in the hypoglossal and accessory abducens nuclei only, and Lim-1 and Lim-2 are not expressed by cranial motor neurons. Our findings are consistent with a role of these transcription factors in determining neuronal phenotype and axonal pathfinding.
Is there a role for continuation phase cognitive therapy for depressed outpatients?

Two pilot studies evaluated the rate of relapse or recurrence (i.e., major depressive disorder) after cognitive therapy (CT). Two sequential cohorts included outpatients who responded to acute phase CT (A-CT) and who agreed to monthly, treatment-free follow-up. In Study 1, the Kaplan-Meier technique estimated relapse and recurrence rates of 40% at 6 months, 45% at 8 months, 50% at 12 months, 67% at 18 months, and 74% at 24 months. In Study 2, responders to A-CT received 8 months (10 sessions) of continuation phase CT (C-CT). In Study 2, relapse or recurrence was 20% at 6 and 8 months, 27% at 12 months, and 36% at 18 and 24 months after A-CT. An exploratory log-rank test showed that relapse or recurrence-free survival was greater in Study 2 than in Study 1. If replicated, this result suggests that C-CT can reduce depressive relapse or recurrence. Alternative explanations are presented.
Facilitators and Barriers to Child Sexual Abuse (CSA) Disclosures: A Research Update (2000–2016)

Identifying and understanding factors that promote or inhibit child sexual abuse (CSA) disclosures has the potential to facilitate earlier disclosures, assist survivors to receive services without delay, and prevent further sexual victimization. Timely access to therapeutic services can mitigate risk to the mental health of survivors of all ages. This review of the research focuses on CSA disclosures with children, youth, and adults across the life course. Using Kiteley and Stogdon’s literature review framework, 33 studies since 2000 were identified and analyzed to extrapolate the most convincing findings to be considered for practice and future research. The centering question asked: What is the state of CSA disclosure research and what can be learned to apply to practice and future research? Using Braun and Clarke’s guidelines for thematic analysis, five themes emerged: (1) Disclosure is an iterative, interactive process rather than a discrete event best done within a relational context; (2) contemporary disclosure models reflect a social–ecological, person-in-environment orientation for understanding the complex interplay of individual, familial, contextual, and cultural factors involved in CSA disclosure; (3) age and gender significantly influence disclosure; (4) there is a lack of a life-course perspective; and (5) barriers to disclosure continue to outweigh facilitators. Although solid strides have been made in understanding CSA disclosures, the current state of knowledge does not fully capture a cohesive picture of disclosure processes and pathways over the life course. More research is needed on environmental, contextual, and cultural factors. Barriers continue to be identified more frequently than facilitators, although dialogical forums are emerging as important facilitators of CSA disclosure. Implications for practice in facilitating CSA disclosures are discussed with recommendations for future research.
Caste and ecology in the social insects.

In this pathbreaking and far-reaching work George Oster and Edward Wilson provide the first fully developed theory of caste evolution among the social insects. Furthermore, in studying the effects of natural selection in generally increasing the insects' ergonomic efficiency, they go beyond the concentration of previous researchers on the physiological mechanisms of the insects and turn our attention instead to the scale and efficiency of the insects' division of labor.Recognizing that the efficiency of the insect colony is based on a complex fitting of the division of labor to many simultaneous needs, including those imposed by the distribution of resources and enemies around the nest, Professors Oster and Wilson are able to construct a series of mathematical models to characterize the agents of natural selection that promote particular caste systems.The social insects play a key role in the subject of sociobiology because their social organization is so rigid and can be related to genetic evolution. Because of this important consideration, the authors' work has consequences not only for entomology but also for general evolutionary theory.
Effect of mechanical stress on fast pulse-like conduction in XLPE based materials

The aim of this paper is to investigate the relationship between mechanical stress and a new conduction mechanism discovered recently, that is conduction through fast charge pulses in insulting polymers. Theories and experimental data suggested that such pulses constitute charge solitons moving in the insulation bulk thanks to the induced compressive force applied to the natural relaxation of the polymer chains. This paper supports such picture. Experimental tests carried out under mechanical stress, in fact, show that charge pulse transport is significantly affected by insulation compression. In particular, charge pulse amplitude decreases and positive pulses disappear as mechanical stress is increased. On the contrary, negative pulse mobility increases with the applied stress.
The influence of employee motivation on knowledge transfer

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to examine the effect of intrinsic and extrinsic motivation as determinants of the employees' knowledge transfer in the context of a Spanish non‐profit organization (named Asprona). Design/methodology/approach – A case study method was used to analyze a Spanish non‐profit organization (Asprona). In this context, a qualitative and quantitative analysis with a sample of 76 people was performed using the partial least squares approach (PLS), in order to test the research hypotheses.Findings – The research findings show that, in Asprona, knowledge transfer improves through intrinsic motivation, however extrinsic motivation is not significant on knowledge transfer. This result is interesting bearing in mind that people are involved with a non‐profit organization due to intrinsic reasons rather than for financial rewards.Research limitations/implications – This research is focused on one organization – Asprona's assistance area – and recommendations to other non‐profit orga.
Native Point Defects in ZnO

—Using ﬁrst-principles methods based on density functional theory and pseudopotentials, we have performed a details study of native defects in ZnO. Native point defects are unlikely to be cause of the unintentional n-type conductivity. Oxygen vacancies, which considered most often been invoked as shallow donors, have high formation energies in n-type ZnO, in edition are a deep donors. Zinc interstitials are shallow donors, with high formation energies in n-type ZnO, and thus unlikely to be responsible on their own for unintentional n-type conductivity under equilibrium conditions, as well as Zn antisites which have higher formation energies than zinc interstitials. Zinc vacancies are deep acceptors with low formation energies for n-type and in which case they will not play role in p-type coductivity of ZnO. Oxygen interstitials are stable in the form of electrically inactive split interstitials as well as deep acceptors at the octahedral interstitial site under n-type conditions. Our results may provide a guide to experimental studies of point defects in ZnO.
Results of hearing aids use dispensed by a publicly-funded health service

Hearing aid use and satisfaction can be used to analyze the effectiveness of hearing rehabilitation, an issue few explored in Brazilian users. Objective Evaluate hearing aid use dispensed in a publicly-funded health service after one year, the interventions needed and users' satisfaction. Method Prospective observational cross-sectional study. Hearing aid users were invited by telephone to participate in an evaluation of hearing aid use. Results 200 hearing aid users attended the evaluation (47% of sample loss); 76.5% of the subjects were using hearing aids bilaterally, 10.5% unilaterally and 13.0% none of them; 99.5% of users needed some kind of intervention. Users who kept wearing their hearing aids were considered “satisfied”. Conclusion Active search by telephone showed that hearing aid users who attend this publicly-funded health service have difficulties to attend follow-up appointments. Most of the users that came for evaluation kept using their hearing aids; non-use rate was 13%. Practically all hearing aid users needed some kind of intervention. Despite the high level of satisfaction, those findings did not include users who did not participate in evaluation, which could represent subjects less adhered to the treatment. Results highlighted the need of periodical follow-ups to ensure the effectiveness of auditory rehabilitation.