Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
An amplifier with AGC for the 80 Mbit/s optical receiver of the CMS digital optical link

An 80 Mbit/s amplifier has been developed for the optical receiver of the CMS tracker control link. Four channels of the circuit have been integrated in a 0.25 ∝ m commercial CMOS process using radiation tolerant layout practices to achieve the required radiation tolerance. An Automatic Gain Control (AGC) loop allows for detection of wide dynamic range input signals (10 ∝ A to 500 ∝ A photocurrent) with minimum noise, compatible with the maximum expected radiationinduced drop in quantum efficiency of the PIN photodiode. A second feedback loop compensate a photodiode leakage current up to 100 ∝ A.
Apoptosis Induction by Menadione in Human Promyelocytic Leukemia HL-60 Cells

Cell death induced by menadione (vitamin K-3,2-methyl-1,4-naphthoquinone) has been investigated in human promyelocytic leukemia HL-60 cells. Menadione was found to induce both apoptosis and necrosis in HL-60 cells. Low concentration (1~50 µM) of menadione induced apoptotic cell death, which was demonstrated by typical DNA ladder patterns on agarose gel electrophoresis and flow cytometry analysis. In contrast, a high concentration of menadione (100 µM) induced necrotic cell death, which was demonstrated by DNA smear pattern in agarose gel electrophoresis. Necrotic cell death was accompanied with a great reduction of cell viability. Menadione activated caspase-3, as evidenced by both increased protease activity and proteolytic cleavage of 116 kDa poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) into 85 kDa cleavage product. Caspase-3 activity was maximum at 50 µM of menadione, and very low at 100 µM of menadione. Taken together, our results showed that menadi-one induced mixed types of cell death, apoptosis at low concentrations and necrosis at high concentrations in HL-60 cells.
A NOVEL HPTLC METHOD FOR SIMULTANEOUS DETERMINATION OF CO-ENZYME Q10 AND α-TOCOPHEROL IN BULK AND PHARMACEUTICAL FORMULATION

Objective: HPTLC Method for Simultaneous quantification of co-enzyme Q10 and α-tocopherol in bulk and capsule dosage form was developed and validated as per International Conference on Harmonization [(ICH) Q2 (R1)] guideline.Methods: The chromatograms were developed using a mobile phase of Toluene: ethyl acetate: chloroform (10:1:2 v/v/v) on Pre-coated silica 60F 254 plates and quantified by densitometric absorbance mode at 280 nm.Results: The Rf values were 0.77 and 0.87 for co-enzyme Q10 and α-tocopherol, respectively. The linearity of the method was found to be in the concentration range of 0. 6µg-1.8 µg/band for α-tocopherol and 2 µg-6 µg/band for co-enzyme Q10. The limits of detection and quantification were 0.3154 and 0.9559 µg/band for α-tocopherol and 3.441 and 10.42 µg/band for co-enzyme Q10.Conclusion: Developed densitometric method was found to be robust, precise, accurate, and rapid and can be used to analyse fixed-dose capsule samples of co-enzyme Q10 and α-tocopherol.
DISPLACEMENT MODELLING OF INTRAPLATE EARTHQUAKES

This paper presents the case for a displacement-based approach for the seismic design and performance assessment of structures in intraplate regions. A newly established model for predicting seismic displacement demand is introduced. The presented material is based on outcomes from research which integrates expertise in the fields of engineering seismology, soil dynamics, structural dynamics and structural engineering. The analysis of a theoretical fault-slip function predicts peak displacement demand (in millimeters) equal to 5 10 M − at 30 km hypocentral distance in “hard rock” conditions, where M is the moment magnitude of the earthquake. Significantly, the theoretical predictions have been shown to be highly consistent with predictions by both stochastic and empirical models which were developed from recorded ground motions. The effects of crustal modifications, attenuation, and site amplification are taken into account by component factors. Expressions for each of these factors are summarised in the table at the end of the paper and illustrated with a worked example in Appendix A to facilitate their practical applications.
Impact of late glacial climate variations on stratification and trophic state of the meromictic lake Längsee (Austria): validation of a conceptual model by multi proxy studies

Selected pigments, diatoms and diatom-inferred phosphorus (Di-TP) concentrations of a late glacial sediment core section of the meromictic Langsee, Austria, were compared with tephra- and varve-dated pollen stratigraphic and geochemical results. A conceptual model was adopted for Langsee and evaluated using multi proxy data. During the unforested late Pleniglacial, a holomictic lake stage with low primary productivity prevailed. Subsequent to the Lateglacial Betula expansion, at about 14,300 cal. y BP, okenone and isorenieratene, pigments from purple and green sulphur bacteria, indicate the onset of anoxic conditions in the hypolimnion. The formation of laminae coincides with this anoxic, meromictic period with high, though fluctuating, amounts of okenone that persisted throughout the Lateglacial interstadial. The occurrence of unlaminated sediment sections of allochthonous origin, and concurrent low concentrations of okenone, were related to cool and wet climate fluctuations during this period, probably coupled with a complete mixing of the water column. Two of these oscillations of the Lateglacial interstadial have been correlated tentatively with the Aegelsee and Gerzensee oscillations in the Alps. The latter climate fluctuation divides a period of enhanced anoxia and primary productivity, correlated with the Allerod chronozone. Continental climate conditions were assumed to be the main driving forces for meromictic stability during Allerod times. In addition, calcite dissolution due to severe hypolimnetic anoxia, appear to have supported meromictic stability. Increased pigment concentrations, which are in contrast to low diatom-inferred total phosphorus (Di- TP), indicate the formation of a productive metalimnion during this period, probably due to a clear-water phase (low catchment erosion), increased temperatures, and a steep gradient between the phosphorus enriched hypolimnion and the oligotrophic epilimnion. Meltwater impacts from an extended snow-cover and a summer temperature decline, together with climate instability, are assumed to be the main reasons for the lowering of the anoxic level during the following, climatically heterogeneous, Younger Dryas. Meromictic stability was re-established with the termination of the Younger Dryas. The sequence of key pigments, Di-TP, calcite, siliciclastics, and organic carbon, seem to be in accordance with the assumptions of the conceptual model.
Does internal marketing improve service quality in call centres

Although internal marketing has been conceptually argued to improve service quality, empirical evidence in this respect has been limited. This research investigates the relationship between rewards, which are a key component of internal marketing paradigm, and service quality of frontline employees in banking call centres. In this context, the authors develop hypotheses with the help of literature review, and empirically examine the effects of various extrinsic and intrinsic rewards on service quality. The results indicate that intrinsic rewards have greater effect on service quality than extrinsic rewards, which offer managerial implications and directions for future research.
Effectiveness of Minimum Support Price Policy for Paddy in India with a Case Study of Punjab

The effectiveness of minimum support price (MSP) for paddy has been examined in different regions of India and its role and contribution towards production in surplus states like Punjab have been studied. Based on the secondary data spanning from 1980-81 to 2006-07, the deviations of farm harvest prices from the MSP have been used as a measure of ineffectiveness and the impact of prices and technology on rice productivity has been examined by using the simultaneous equation model. While the MSP policy has been very effective in surplus producing states like Punjab and Andhra Pradesh, it has not been so effective in the deficit states. In Punjab, the effective implementation of the price policy has helped in improving the production and productivity of rice. Non-price factors such as use of improved varieties, availability of assured irrigation at subsidized rates and high fertilizer-use have been found to be significant determinants of growth in rice production. The study has suggested that without losing sight of the environmental concerns, the Punjab model can be used for increasing the production of rice in other potential areas of the country.
Rectifying behavior of silicon–phthalocyanine junctions investigated with scanning tunneling microscopy/spectroscopy

We present ultrahigh vacuum (UHV) scanning tunneling microscopy/spectroscopy (STM/STS) and ultraviolet photoemission spectroscopy (UPS) measurements on ultrathin films of nickel–phthalocyanine (Ni–PC) deposited onto clean Si(111)7×7 substrates. STS spectra refer to a sample with 5 A of Ni–PC nominal thickness. The current-voltage (I-V) measurements were taken at constant tip-sample separation showing high reproducibility at different nanometer size topographical features of the sample. In particular, three typical spectra have been repeatedly observed: (i) I-V curves with a slow increase of the current up to +1.9 eV (I 50 nA), (ii) highly noisy I-V curves symmetric with respect to the applied bias and, (iii) curves which show a marked rectifying behavior with negligible current (I 50 nA for V>0.5 V). We explain the different electronic behaviors in terms .
Lender of Last Resort and Bank Closure Policy

During the last decades a consensus has emerged that it is impossible to disentangle liquidity shocks from solvency shocks. As a consequence the classical lender of last resort rules, as defined by Thornton and Bagehot, based on lending to solvent illiquid institutions appear ill-suited to this environment. We summarize here the main contributions that have developed considering this new paradigm and discuss how institutional features relating to bank closure policy influences lender of last resort and other safety net issues. We devote particular emphasis to the analysis of systemic risk and contagion in banking and the role of the lender of last resort to prevent it.
Nitrous oxide anesthesia in children for MRI: a comparison with isoflurane and halothane

To compare the anesthetic effects of nitrous oxide, isoflurane, and halothane on hemodynamic stability and recovery characteristics in pediatric patients during magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Materials and methods: The present study includes 60 ASA I-II children aged 1-12 years undergoing MRI. After endotracheal intubation, patients were randomly assigned into 1 of 3 anesthetic groups. Group N (n = 20) received nitrous oxide and oxygen (N2O:O2 60:40), Group I (n = 20) received 0.5% isoflurane and oxygen, Group H (n = 20) received 0.5% halothane and oxygen to maintain anesthesia. At the completion of the procedure, inhalation anesthetic was discontinued. Extubation, emergence, recovery times, and adverse events were recorded throughout the duration of the procedure. Results: There was no significant difference in the demographic data among the groups. In the nitrous oxide group 5 children (25%), in the halothane group 2 children (10%), and in the isoflurane group 1 child (5%) moved during MRI and supplemental inhalation anesthesia was required for these patients. Emergence time after nitrous oxide anesthesia was slightly shorter than after isoflurane anesthesia (3.15 ± 2.56 min compared with 4.65 ± 2.64 min, P = 0.162) but significantly shorter than after halothane anesthesia (5.35 ± 2.47 min, P = 0.023). Early recovery time after nitrous oxide and isoflurane anesthesia was significantly more rapid than after halothane anesthesia (4.60 ± 2.58 min and 3.65 ± 1.63 min compared with 7.00 ± 2.15 min, P < 0.05). Conclusion: After induction with propofol, nitrous oxide may provide anesthesia for MRI in pre-medicated children. However, complete immobility was not achieved in all patients with nitrous oxide alone. Nitrous oxide and isoflurane resulted in faster emergence and recovery than halothane, but there was no significant difference between nitrous oxide and isoflurane. Discharge times from the hospital were similar for all 3 groups.
THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN SECONDARY SCHOOL PRINCIPALS ’ TRANSFORMATIONAL SKILLS AND TEACHERS ’ MOTIVATION

The purpose of this research is to identify relationship between transformational leadership skills of secondary school principals and teachers’ motivation. In this research, transformational leadership skill levels of school principals and teachers’ motivational levels were analyzed according to teachers’ perceptions. In this research, the relational survey model was used. The sample of this research consisted of 493 secondary schools teachers working in the centre of Samsun (Atakum, İlkadım, Tekkeköy, Canik districts) and selected with simple random sampling method. Data collection instrument used in this study has two parts. The first part consists Mottaz’s (1985) Work Motivation Scale and the second one consists Oran’s (2002) Transformational Leadership Scale. According to the findings of this study, teachers perception about their motivation and transformational leadership skills of school principals are found in high level. The study revelaed a weak positive relationship between transformational leadership skills and teachers’ motivation.
Foreign-Specific Agglomerations and the Location of Taiwanese Direct Investment in China

This study investigates the interactions between provincial characteristics and foreign-specific agglomerations on Taiwanese investors’ location choice in China. Using firm-level data, we find that nationality agglomeration and Asian agglomeration have non-negligible impacts on these investors. Furthermore, we find that their location choice follows a sequential selection process. These findings suggest that a region-wide development strategy is a more effective means of attracting these investors than province-specific fiscal concessions and preferential treatment.
Pulmonary arterial hypertension: are we close to the success?

Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is a rare, but deadly disease. Despite the expansion of the therapeutic avenues, the treatment options are very limited and the survival rate continues to be inadequately low [1,2]. Once initiated by some vasculature insulting stimuli such as bacterial, viral, drug, or environmental toxins on the background of genetic abnormalities, the disease transforms from the initial damage to a complex response. This includes metabolic reprogramming, activation of various pro-survival pathways, initiation of the innate and adaptive immune systems and recruitment of stem and progenitor cells to the site of the damage [3,4]. The events described above were proposed to drive the transition of normal pulmonary vascular cells to cells with a highly proliferative phenotype [5] similar to the malignant transformation, which could not be controlled by the regular growth inhibitory mechanisms [6].
Annual cycles of diving behavior and ecology of the Weddell seal

Annual diving patterns in pinnipeds are difficult to study because most seals and sea lions are at sea and inaccessible for a large portion of the year. Consequently, until recently, most studies of pinniped biology were concerned with the onshore behavior of species that breed in accessible sites. Of all the species studied, however, the Weddell seal (Leptonychotes weddellii) presents a remarkable exception to the generally incomplete view of the natural history of marine mammals. The south polar, fast ice environment of Weddell seals provides an unparalleled opportunity for diving studies. Because Weddell seals regularly haul out onto the sea ice surface, investigators can approach the seals whenever sea ice is present. As a result, it is possible to study adult males, females, and sub-adults at different times in their life cycles and examine their breeding success and population movements. We present information collected during six field seasons, including a full year study in 1981. The goal of this project was to examine how behavioral responses to diving in the Weddell seal vary with season and location. In order to correlate diving behavior with seasonal or geographical variations, it is necessary to discuss the seals' environment. This includes not only the physical environment above and below the sea surface, but also how the seals may navigate and hunt under those conditions and what prey would be available. The following sections describe the study sites and examine the navigation abilities and feeding habits of the seals. By reviewing this information first, the reader will have a better understanding of some of the factors that may influence the diving patterns that are reported later.
Management Recommendations for Soybean Aphid (Hemiptera: Aphididae) in the United States

Soybean aphid, Aphis glycines Matsumura (Hemiptera: Aphididae), is the primary pest of soybean, Glycine max L. , in the north central region. After more than a decade of research and extension efforts to manage this pest, several consensus management recommendations have been developed for sustainable and profitable soybean production. A summary of integrated pest management (IPM) tactics for soybean aphid are discussed, including cultural, genetic, economic, and chemical controls. To date, sampling and timely foliar insecticides are routinely recommended to protect yield and delay genetic resistance to insecticides. Host plant resistance is a new tool that can regulate populations and reduce the reliance of insecticides to control soybean aphid. A combination of these management tools also will reduce overall production costs and minimize negative environmental effects such as human exposure, and mortality of beneficial insects and other animals.
Efficient Multiplication Architectures for Truncated Polynomial Ring

In this thesis, four efficient multiplication architectures, named as Multipliers I, II, III, and IV, respectively, for truncated polynomial ring are proposed. Their FPGA implementation results are presented. All of the four proposed multipliers can be used for implementation of NTRUEncrypt public key system. All new multiplication architectures are based on certain extensions to Linear Feedback Shift Register (LFSR). Multiplier I uses x-net structure for LFSR, which scans two consecutive coefficients in the control input polynomial r(x) during one clock cycle. In Multiplier II, three consecutive zeros in the control input polynomial r(x) can be processed during one clock cycle. Multiplier III takes advantage of consecutive zeros in the control input polynomial r(x). Multiplier IV is resistant to certain side-channel attacks through controlling the operations for each clock cycle. An FPGA complexity comparison among the proposed multipliers and the existing similar works is made, including number of adaptive logic modules (ALMs), number of registers, number of cycles, maximum operating frequency (FMax) and latency. The FPGA comparison results are given as follows. Multiplier I has smaller latency than any existing works when the first set of parameters from every security level is used (ees401ep1, ees449ep1, ees677ep1, ees1087ep2). Multiplier II is the second best in speed compared to existing works, but has better area-latency product compared to the fastest existing work for the first set of parameters at security level 112-bit, 128-bit and 192-bit. As an enhanced version of Multiplier II, Multiplier III is faster than any existing works in comparison for all IEEE recommended parameter sets. Multiplier IV, designed to be resistant to side channel attacks, also has high speed property that it outperforms all the existing works in terms of latency for all three parameter sets to which it is applicable.
Endüstri 4.0 ve akıllı fabrikalar

Modern sanayi gelisimi birkac yuz yildir surmus ve gunumuze gelinceye kadar uc buyuk sanayi devrimi ortaya cikmistir. Şu an ise Endustri 4.0 olarak adlandirilan dorduncu sanayi devrimine girilmistir. Endustri 4.0, birbirleriyle haberlesen, sensorlerle ortami algilayabilen ve veri analizi yaparak ihtiyaclari fark edebilen robotlarla uretimi devralip; daha kaliteli, daha ucuz, daha hizli ve daha az israf yapan bir uretim yapmayi amaclamaktadir. Ayrica, Endustri 4.0, moduler yapili akilli fabrikalarda siber fiziksel sistemler ile fiziksel islemleri izleyerek nesnelerin birbirleriyle ve insanlarla iletisime gecmesine izin verir ve bunun sonucu olarak merkezi olmayan isbirlikci kararlarin verilmesini saglar. Gunumuzdeki rekabet ortaminda isletmelerin varliklarini koruyabilmeleri ve surdurebilmeleri icin Endustri 4.0’i organizasyonlarina uygulamasi kacinilmaz olmustur. Bunun icin de Endustri 4.0 kavraminin ve temel olan paradigmalarinin cok iyi bilinmesi gerekmektedir. Bundan dolayi bu calismada, Endustri 4.0 ve temel paradigmalari aciklanmis, akilli fabrikalar hakkinda bilgi verilerek genel bir degerlendirme yapilmistir.
The Simulation of Diaphragm Deflection Actuated by Shear Mode Piezoelectric Actuator in Microdroplet Ejector

A shear mode piezoelectric actuator is applied to deflect the diaphragm of pressure chamber in the droplet ejector or inkjet printhead. The deflection of the bulge-diaphragm and resulting swept volume is analyzed by analytical and numerical method. With freebody treatment of the model, the analytical exact solutions for the two free bodies of bulge-diaphragm and piezoelectric beam were obtained. Also, the numerical solution by ANSYS is obtained to verify the analytical result. Besides, the whole-model solution coupling the bulge-diaphragm and piezoelectric beam together was obtained by ANSYS to compare with the result of freebody analysis. In order to estimate the maximum actuating force and deflection of the shear mode piezoelectric actuator, the piezoelectric characteristic curve is obtained in the free-body analysis, which presents the decreasing tendency of the central deflection with the increase of anti-deflection (or reaction) force under certain actuating voltage. Also, the diaphragm characteristic curve is obtained showing the central deflection in proportion to the action force. By combining both kinds of curves, the actuated central deflection of the bulgediaphragm can be obtained under certain actuating voltage. Finally, both linear relations including diaphragm central deflection in proportion to actuating voltage and volume displacement in proportion to diaphragm central deflection are obtained. keyword: piezoelectric actuator, shear mode, droplet ejector, simulation, inkjet printing.