Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A Critical Overview on Development- Welfare, Power or Domination

Development is quite a mixture approach as well as a continuous process. It serves as a mirror of changing economic and social capacities, and choices to make development more democratic and sustainable. The post-development paradigm sees all modern concept of development has been failed. Nepal cannot be exceptional from it, as it is struggling towards modernization and development, although some human development indexes seem to be improved. However, the discourse on development has frequently been questioned in Nepal due to its slow pace. Meanwhile, East Asia or China, Asia-Pacific countries changed such assumptions making huge economic progress. Therefore, it will be wrong to blame that the development has completely been failed. It is true that the globalization and advancement in technology have also created complexities worldwide and traditional approach of development may not work effectively because many new social, economic and environmental issues and problems have been raised over decades. The proper approach must consider the existing global context for sustainability and humanity, but not only domination of elites. Presently, good governance and people-centric issues have become a crucial part for the development. To make development more acceptance and sustainable, genuine and rational issues which are relating to human and environment must be considered. This paper aims to analyze the development approaches based on historical approach analyzing the past developments and reviewing development theories and make some suggestions for its suitability.
Practice integrity: advocacy, ethics and legal issues

Reading this chapter will help you to: Explore the role of advocacy in nursing children, young people and their families. Understand the obligation to advocate for children, young people and their families. Consider the relationship between advocacy, ethics, and lawful practice. Analyse ethical frameworks for nursing practice. Recognise the relevance of the United Nation’s Declaration of the Rights of the Child to nursing practice. Analyse clinical cases to integrate knowledge of advocacy for children, young people and their families. Critically analyse the nursing responsibilities and priorities within practice relating to families at risk, children’s rights and child protection legislation. Introduction Nurses working in paediatric, child, and youth health settings operate within a framework that is informed by lawful scope of practice, and ethical standards. This chapter presents a review of the nurse’s role as advocate for children, young people and families, and examines this role across the landscape of children’s and youth health services. While nursing shares the role of patient advocate with a number of other health professions, it is notable that nursing has included advocacy in its scope of practice as a fundamental role since the mid 1990’s (Mallik & Rafferty 2000). The International Council of Nurses (ICN 2006) lists advocacy as a ‘key nursing role’ and commitment is expressed through professional codes of conduct set at the domestic level (ANMC 2002, NZNA 1995). The ICN code of ethics for nurses is relevant to nursing practice in both Australia and New Zealand (2006). There are four primary components guiding standards of conduct for nurses: Nurses and People Nurses and Practice Nurses and the Profession Nurses and co-workers (ICN 2006) That is, nurses are responsible for acting as advocates for the needs and welfare of patients, for the profession of nursing, and for the interests of colleagues in nursing. Nevertheless, ambiguous interpretations of the concept of patient advocacy continue to pose a number of problems for nurses in practice. Hence, an overview of what advocacy means for nurses working specifically with children, young people and their families is necessary.
Tiered mentoring: Benefits for first year students, upper level students, and professionals.

This paper presents an overview of a Tiered Mentoring Program (TMP) introduced across three schools at Griffith University. The TMP linked students with peers and professionals via a tiered structure whereby first year students were mentored by upper level students who in turn were mentored by professionals in the students’ field of study. Quantitative and qualitative data collection and analysis revealed a wide range of benefits for students and professionals. Practical issues and strategies are outlined for individuals, academic elements, or institutions interested in implementing a similar program.
Sentiment Analysis of German Emails: A Comparison of Two Approaches

The increasing number of emails sent daily to the customer service of companies confronts them with new challenges. In particular, a lack of resources to deal with critical concerns, such as complaints, poses a threat to customer relations and the public perception of companies. Therefore, it is necessary to prioritize these concerns in order to avoid negative effects. Sentiment analysis, i.e. the automated recognition of the mood in texts, makes such prioritisation possible. The sentiment analysis of German-language emails is still an open research problem. Moreover, there is no evidence of a dominant approach in this context. Therefore two approaches are compared, which are applicable in the context of the problem definition mentioned. The first approach is based on the combination of sentiment lexicons and machine learning methods. This is to be extended by the second approach in such a way that in addition to the lexicons further features are used. These features are to be generated by the use of feature extraction methods. The methods used in both approaches are investigated in a systematic literature search. A Gold Standard corpus is generated as basis for the comparison of these approaches. Systematic experiments are carried out in which the different method combinations for the approaches are examined. The results of the experiments show that the combination of feature extracting methods with Sentiment lexicons and machine learning approaches generates the best classification results.
Holding pattern: an exploratory study of the lived experiences of those on methadone maintenance in Dublin North East.

According to the European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction, there are between 1.2 and 1.5 million opiate dependent individuals in the European Union (EMCDDA, 2010) with an estimated 18,136 and 23,576 opiate users resident in Ireland (Kelly et al., 2009). Approximately 11,807 opiate users in Ireland are known to services and are predominantly aged between 25 and 34 years, male, early school leavers, unemployed (Kelly et al., 2009; Carew et al., 2009). In terms of treatment data, records show an increase in both prevalence and incidence rates among 15 to 64 year olds, with 11,538 cases treated in 2007 (Carew et al.2009). One quarter of treatment cases in 2007 had stabilised prior to treatment entry and were on methadone maintenance (Long and Lyons, 2009). However, the chronic relapsing nature of opiate dependency remains evident with more than half of these cases needing more than one treatment intervention (Carew et al., 2009). The researchers utilised a mixed method approach using focus groups with the Client forum representatives of the Special Community Employment schemes, and a series of in- depth interviews with individuals attending the Special Community Employment schemes in the Dublin North East Drug Task Force area.
Locating nation in a village: fusion of local and nation voices in Penglipuran Bali, Indonesia

The purposes of this study are to investigate: 1) how the local people in a cultural heritage village imagine the nation through the space of heritage in their community; 2) how the heritage village community preserves cultural identity and performs the idyllic concepts of village for the nation. An ethnographic approach was employed. Interviews with 24 local leaders and participant observations were conducted in the cultural heritage village of Penglipuran in Bali, one of the top models for village preservation in Indonesia. Penglipuran works as a state of remembrance for local people to imagine their own local identity, to interpret the nation's spirit, and to perform their local heritage. Three practices are used to imagine the nation: designing a landscape for the construction of social membership, performing the loyalty of imagined community practice, and implementing the Indonesian nation brand in the village. This study contributes to the exploration of the interpretation of landscape, local story, and cultural materials as the remembrances of the nation's symbols in the village and how those materials help to maintain the obedience of locals to the nation by fulfilling the idyllic construction of village.
Investigating potential factors affecting foot-and-mouth disease virus internalisation

Foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) is a highly contagious disease caused by the FMD virus (FMDV) belonging to the Picornaviridae family. The virus affects clovenhoofed animals and occurs as seven immunologically distinct serotypes where six of the seven serotypes occur in Africa. This fact, as well as the role of wildlife in virus maintenance, makes eradication and control of FMDV in Africa difficult. Thus, it is imperative to attain more information regarding the genetic diversity of FMD viruses prevalent on the African continent to further our knowledge of the virus as well as to enable better control strategies and the development of improved vaccines. Sufficient genetic information regarding the Leader (L) and complete capsid-coding, P1, region of serotype A and O viruses prevalent on the African continent is lacking, although the SAT isolates have been extensively characterised in the past.
Anatomy of a Paradox: Management Practices, Organizational Structure and Energy Efficiency

This paper provides new evidence on the relationship between management practices and firm performance. We interviewed managers of 190 randomly selected manufacturing plants in the UK and matched their responses with official business microdata. We find that climate friendly management practices are associated with lower energy intensity and higher productivity. Firms that adopt more such practices also conduct more climate friendly R&D which will sustain future growth in energy efficiency. Our findings are akin to the "energy efficiency paradox" and highlight the linkages between particular management practices and firm-level energy efficiency. We also find a strong empirical link between climate friendly management practices and organizational structure. Firms are more likely to adopt such practices if climate change issues are managed by the environmental or energy manager, and if this manager is close to the CEO. Adoption is less likely when the CEO is in charge of climate change issues.
The effect of morphology on the musculoskeletal system of the modern broiler

This study compared various morphometric features of two strains of broilers, selected and 'relaxed' (ie random-bred), raised under two feeding regimes, ad-libitum -fed and restricted-fed. We consider the possible consequences of the different body shapes on the musculoskeletal system. The ad-libitum -fed selected birds reached heavier liveweights at younger ages, had wider girths, and developed large amounts of breast muscle which probably displaced their centre of gravity cranially. At cull weight, they had shorter legs than birds in the other groups and greater thigh-muscle masses; therefore, greater forces would have to be exerted by shorter lever arms in order to move the body. The tarsometatarsi were broader, providing increased resistance to greater loads, but the bones had a lower calcium and phosphorus content, which would theoretically make them weaker. Many of these morphological changes are likely to have detrimental effects on the musculoskeletal system and therefore compromise the walking ability and welfare of the birds.
Gender Dimension of Economic Decision-Making: Women on Top Management

Currently, national economies devote a great deal of attention to resource efficiency. In this regard, gender equality represents a key factor for unlocking the economic potential of nation states and for leveraging economic growth. Gender equality is not only about the protection of human rights, it is also about economic efficiency and economic development. Many economists and scientists do not pay any attention to these aspects, but still there are some of them who studied this problem and whose researches fairly proved crucial role of gender dimension for business development in the spheres where human resource and their efficiency do matter. The paper analyses data on women representation on top management and compares it with economic performance. The reasons and factors that impede or support women promotion are revealed and analysed. The paper concludes that other social factors - that are inseparable part of high level of human development level, and constitute social and cultural environment of the country, - are significantly influencing the gender equality in terms of economic performance. The paper emphasise the importance of relevant legislation to promote women, and by the desk review and data analysis methods comes to the conclusion that special laws if they do not contain some measures of penalties to improve gender balance (at any level) have limited results and just facilitate and promote but do not ensure equality of women and men representation at any level.
Internet Public Opinion Risk Grading under Emergency Event Based on AHPSort II-DEMATEL

The internet often serves as a communication platform for users to freely express opinions. However, as it supports the quick and wide spread of public opinions, it often results in great uncertainty and is very difficult to control. As a result, evaluating the risk levels of internet public opinion becomes very challenging. The safety of internet public opinion affects the sustainability and stability of society. In this paper, a novel conceptual model of internet public opinion governance is proposed. The model can be used to grade risk levels by combining the Analytic Hierarchy Process Sort II (AHPSort II) and Decision-Making Trial and Evaluation Laboratory (DEMATEL) under a fuzzy environment with triangular fuzzy sets. A numerical example is provided to verify the efficiency of the proposed method, and some managerial implications are also discussed.
Financial consumer protection and economic growth

The purpose of this paper is to examine the link between financial consumer protection (FCP) and economic growth. ,The authors use cross-country data on 114 countries surveyed in the World Bank Global Survey on FCP and Financial Literacy (2013) and endogenous treatment regressions for the estimation. ,The results indicate that FCP enhances economic growth through fair treatment, responsible lending, enforcement and dispute resolution and recourse regulations. The authors find no evidence to suggest that disclosure and compliance monitoring regulations have an effect on economic growth. ,This study provides rich insight into the important question faced by policy makers, as to which FCP regulatory mechanisms to put in place to enhance economic growth. ,This study provides current, cross-country empirical evidence on the debate as to whether FCP enhances economic growth.
The Determinants of Technical Efficiency of Hazelnut Production in Azerbaijan: An Analysis of the Role of NGOs

The role of non-government organizations (NGOs) has been commendable in promoting sustainable farming. Through mobilization of existing resources and provision of training to farmers on various agriculture subjects, NGOs could trigger increased productivity and agricultural sustainability. However, empirical evidence on this claim is limited and no study recognizes the supporting conditions required for NGO intervention to improve productivity. Cross-sectional data from hazelnut farmers in Azerbaijan are used to evaluate the role of NGO intervention in improving farmers’ technical efficiency. To this end, stochastic frontier analysis (SFA) is applied to study hazelnut farmers’ production efficiency. Three different measures are employed to estimate NGO intervention: Training, subsidy and, a combination of training and subsidy. The results indicate that NGO intervention is not significant in influencing technical efficiency. This is attributable to the absence of good organization, innovation orientation, accountability and stakeholder involvement and support which are the necessary supporting conditions facilitating an enabling environment for NGO intervention to improve farmers’ technical efficiency. Therefore, we recommend policy directed at addressing these issues in order to simultaneously enhance farmers’ productivity and improve the functioning of the NGOs. Beyond NGO intervention, encouraging farmers to specialize in hazelnut production and allocating more suitable land for hazelnut production will also improve farmers’ technical efficiency significantly.
Design and Analysis of Quadcopter Classical Controller

The objective of this work is to introduce the design, simulation and control of a quadcopter, as an example of unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV). To fulfill this objective, a mathematical model of the quadcopter has been developed. The simulation of the model and controller design is developed in MATLAB/Simulink environment. Although it remains a complete nonlinear system, this paper operates with mathematical representation of the quadcopter and modeling of the intended system. A linearization of the obtained mathematical model has been achieved. In order to design the attitude controller, the transfer function of the brushless DC motors (BLDCM) which are responsible of the quadcopter motion is obtained using system identification techniques. A complete test experiment is described here to achieve this goal. The designed controller is assessed and simulation results are discussed.
Measuring the Liquidity of ETFs: An Application to the European Market

The liquidity of exchange-traded funds (ETFs) is of utmost importance for regulators, investors, and providers. However, the study of liquidity is still in its infancy. This article shows some stylized facts of liquidity statistics (daily/intraday spread, trading volume, etc.). The authors propose a new liquidity measure combining these statistics. In this case, liquidity is a power function of the spread where the parameters are determined by actual trading volumes. They also study the relationship between the liquidity of ETFs and the liquidity of the underlying index and demonstrate that they are correlated on a daily basis, but not in terms of intraday frequency. Finally, the authors define a measure of liquidity improvement and apply it to the EURO STOXX 50 index.
Some theoretical notes on agrobiodiversity: spatial heterogeneity and population interactions

ABSTRACT Ecological interactions are fundamental in ecological pest management, and these interactions form networks. The properties of these networks, where interactions of all possible nature (positive, neutral, negative) coexist, are key for management, but little is known about them. The main reasons for this lack of knowledge are the difficulties in obtaining empirical evidence. These problems may be partially bypassed using a theoretical approach. Here, by means of mathematical models that represent networks of ecological interactions in agroecosystems, we characterize some architectural features that promote the self-regulation of population densities in these networks. The results show that the key features are: spatial heterogeneity and a high proportion of positive interactions.
Overvaluation and Goodwill Impairment

Based on the sample of mergers and acquisitions of A-share listed companies in China from 2004 to 2017, this paper studies the effect of the overvaluation of the stock price on goodwill impairment. We construct the overvaluation variable by following the decomposition of the market to book ratio in Rhodes-Krof, et al. (2005). We find that when the stock price is overvalued, the firm will face higher goodwill impairment in the future. Furthermore, we study the underlying micro-level mechanism between overvaluation and goodwill impairment. First, the firm tends to make more acquisitions during the overvaluation period of the stock price. Overvaluation leads to higher equity value, hence the firm can use overvalued stock to make more mergers and acquisitions. Second, managers tend to pay acquisition premium during the overvaluation period. It is beneficial for the firm as long as the premium is lower than the overvalued market value. Moreover, overvaluation sends the wrong signal to managers, which makes managers too optimistic about the prospects of acquisitions. Managers are willing to pay a higher premium in the optimistic mood. Finally, overvaluation leads to overinvestment, and hence reduces the acquisition efficiency. Overvaluation usually leads to higher agency costs. Mergers and acquisitions during the overvaluation period are often related to capital market operation, controlling shareholder tunneling and earnings management, which lead to managers’ irrational acquisition decisions which will damage the firm’s value. Therefore, the gains of the synergistic effect are lower than the overpaid premium during the overvaluation period, which leads to higher goodwill impairment in the future. Theoretically, the contributions of this paper are as follows: First, it reveals that stock mispricing in the capital market has an impact on the real economy. The evidence in this paper shows that overvaluation usually leads to irrational acquisition decisions, thus damaging the real economy. Second, it expands the research on the goodwill impairment. There are few cases of goodwill impairment in China and previous researches mainly focus on the case study on goodwill impairment of the representative firms. This paper conducts an empirical study on goodwill impairment of all the A-share listed companies in China, and finds that the overvaluation of the stock price leads to higher goodwill impairment. In addition, this paper has a strong practical significance. It shows that the firm usually makes irrational mergers and acquisitions and pay high acquisition premium when the stock price is overvalued, which leads to the goodwill impairment in the future and damages the company’s operating and management. We present the corresponding policy recommendations. Regulators should strictly review the acquisition schemes with high valuation and premium, especially during the overvaluation period of the stock price.
Spatial Modeling of Origin-Destination flows of farmers in Senegal

Migration is not limited to international migration and a complete picture of the movements of actors in the agricultural sector could be insightful. The paper identifies the different patterns of internal migration of farmers across the different locations using a conventional spatial autoregressive interaction model and the most recent household survey in Senegal. Findings highlight the existence of spatial dependencies between flows. Poverty, unemployment, education and water access appear to be among the pull and push factors explaining farmers migrations. Climate variability, specifically the succession of bad rain-fed cropping seasons, is likely to compound the livelihood problems faced by farmers and push them to migrate, in a country where many farmers depend largely upon rain-fed agriculture and cattle-raising. This paper provides empirical evidence to deepen our understanding of the internal and in-migration of farmers. A clearer picture of the driving force of farmerÂ´s migration would help policy makers to devise suitable strategies for sustainable national migration policies.