Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Local control of brain metastases after stereotactic radiosurgery: the impact of whole brain radiotherapy and treatment paradigm.

Purpose We investigate clinical, pathologic, and treatment paradigm-related factors affecting local control of brain metastases after stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS) with or without whole brain radiotherapy (WBRT). Methods and materials Patients with brain metastases treated with SRS alone, before or after WBRT were considered to determine predictors of local failure (LF), time to failure and survival. Results Among 137 patients, 411 brain metastases were analyzed. 23% of patients received SRS alone, 51% received WBRT prior to SRS, and 26% received SRS followed by WBRT. LF occurred in 125 metastases: 63% after SRS alone, 20% after WBRT then SRS, and 22% after SRS then WBRT. Median time to local failure was significantly less after SRS alone compared to WBRT then SRS (12.1 v. 22.7 months, p=0.003). Tumor volume was significantly associated with LF (HR:5.2, p<0.001, 95% CI:3.4-7.8). Conclusions WBRT+SRS results in reduced LF. Local control was not significantly different after SRS as salvage therapy versus upfront SRS.
Flux Field Formulation and Back-Iron Analysis of Tubular Linear Machines

In electromagnetic machines, ferromagnetic material is one of the key components that affect the magnetic field and thus the output performance significantly. The objective of this paper is to study the influence of ferromagnetic material on magnetic field distribution of tubular electromagnetic linear machines. Generic magnetic field models are obtained for linear machines with various structure designs based on magnetic vector potential and Bessel functions. The magnetic field model is validated with numerical results from finite element calculations. The comparison between them shows that the flux model fits closely with the numerical computation. The obtained analytical model can be employed to study the flux density distribution of machine designs with single-sided, double-sided, and non back irons. It shows that the use of back iron, especially for the internal side, helps to greatly enhance the radial component of magnetic field. This component contributes to the axial force generation of tubular linear machines. The study could be useful for the design optimization of permanent-magnet linear machines.
Pulse to Pulse Stability of Solid State Transmitter Module for Radars Application

Pulse to pulse stability, an important characteristic of transmitter radar is characterized by the level of phase and amplitude variation between successive pulses of a burst of microwave signal. This variation of phase and amplitude determines directly detection limit of targets with very low RCS in presence of sub-clutter. Pulse to pulse instability can be related to external or intrinsic causes. This characteristic has to be quantified for all radar transmitter. For that, several methods can be used : Two temporal methods (standard deviation and rms method), and a spectral method. In order to characterize solid state module pulse to pulse stability, we have designed a specific test bench. This article describes the capabilities and gives a lot of significant results and performance of solid state module we have produced in our microwave laboratory of THOMSON-CSF AIRSYS and of this test bench.
Deployment efficiency vs energy efficiency in dense wireless environment using massive MIMO

Today's wireless environment is very dense to support enhanced performance, which is become heterogeneous in cell, applications, services, standards and technologies. This dense deployment of heterogeneous cells has a large impact on the power consumption of network. Thus, issue of energy efficiency need to be considered in perspective of deploy of several base station (BS) in the area. In 5G standard, massive MIMO architecture has been proposed to enhance energy efficiency (EE) of network. In this paper, we have considered the heterogeneous network (HetNet), where microcell, picocell and femtocell are coexist within macrocell. The macrocell BSs (MBS) are equipped with large array of antennas and all other BSs are supported with limited number of antennas. This work assumes users are supported by massive MIMO architecture, where MBS and few nearest BSs are participated. In this paper, we mainly investigate the impact of deployment efficiency of heterogeneous small cells BSs and, user association in a HetNet with massive MIMO to maximize the system energy efficiency (EE). Our results show that involvement of nearest BSs is greatly enhance the system energy efficiency (EE) and the deployment efficiency of small cells in macrocell environment also have impact on system EE.
ASSESSMENT OF SUCCESS RATE AND ONSET TIME OF TWO DIFFERENT MANDIBULAR ANAESTHESIA TECHNIQUES : A COMPARATIVE STUDY

Background: The inferior alveolar nerve block is the most common injection technique used in dentistry and many modifications of the conventional nerve block have been recently described in the literature. Hence; we planned the present study to compare the success rate of inferior alveolar nerve block (IANB) technique and Gow-Gates (GG) Technique for Mandibular Block in patients undergoing mandibular third molar surgical extraction. Materials & methods: The present study included assessment of efficacy of two different mandibular anaesthesia techniques in patients undergoing dental surgical procedure. A total of 60 subjects were included in the present study, out of which 32 were males and 28 were females. Two sets of tests, an electric pulp test (EPT) for evaluating pulpal anesthesia and a sharp explorer test (SET) for evaluating gingival anesthesia, were performed prior to either injection. All the patients were broadly divided into two study groups. Group 1 included subjects in which GG mandibular anaesthesia technique was used, and Group 2 in which IANB technique was used. The rating scale was recorded as A for good, B for fair, and C for poor effect. All the results were compiled and analysed by SPSS software. Results: While comparing pain on injection, it was seen that 18 and 17 patients in group 1 and group 2 had no pain on injection respectively. It was observed that similar percentage of patients in both the groups had ‘A’ score of satisfaction. Nonsignificant results were obtained while comparing the success rate in subjects of both the study groups. Conclusion: In terms of success, both the techniques are equally effective.
THE COST‐EFFECTIVENESS OF DOXAZOSIN FOR THE TREATMENT OF HYPERTENSION IN TYPE II DIABETIC PATIENTS IN THE UK AND ITALY

The objective of this analysis was to assess the cost‐effectiveness of achieving ‘tight control’ versus ‘less tight control’ of blood pressure, as defined in the UK Prospective Diabetics Study 38, in type II diabetic patients in the UK and Italy. The effect of including doxazosin in a ‘tight control’ combination therapy was analysed. Given doxazosin's positive impact on lipid levels in addition to its antihypertensive effect, it is hypothesised that treatment including doxazosin will reduce the incidence of macrovascular complications. For each country, a Markov model was constructed to simulate macrovascular outcomes of patients on various drug combinations. Transitional probabilities were based on the risk rates presented in UKPDS 38. Risk rates were adjusted for the ageing of the cohort and the lipid‐lowering properties of doxazosin using Framingham risk equations. Incremental cost‐effectiveness ratios ranged from £2224 to £4867 (US$3225–7057) per life‐year saved for the UK and from L1.8–9.3 million (US$818–4159) per life‐year saved for Italy. Doxazosin is a cost‐effective agent when included in a combination therapy in the treatment of hypertension in the diabetic populations of the UK and Italy.
Defense Against SSDF Attack in Cognitive Radio Networks: Attack-Aware Collaborative Spectrum Sensing Approach

The reliability of the collaborative spectrum sensing (CSS) can be severely decreased by spectrum sensing data falsification (SSDF) attacks. In an SSDF attack, some malicious users intentionally report incorrect local sensing results to the fusion center (FC) and disrupt the global decision-making process. The present study introduces a new defense scheme called attack-aware CSS (ACSS). The proposed method estimates attack strength and applies it in the k-out-N rule to obtain the optimum value of k that minimizes the Bayes risk. The attack strength is defined as the ratio of the number of malicious users to the total number of users, which is equal to the probability that a specific user is malicious.
Paired kidney donations to expand the living donor pool.

INTRODUCTION The shortage of available deceased donors and the longer kidney transplant waiting lists in many countries around the world have placed greater emphasis on living donation (LD) as a means of meeting demand for transplantation in patients with end-stage kidney disease (ESKD). METHODS AND RESULTS Increased LD rates are also driven by less invasive approaches to donor nephrectomy and by the excellent long-term results. LD kidney transplant outcomes are equivalent, if not superior, to those from deceased donors, even when donor and recipient are not genetically related, as is the case with spousal donations, the most frequent cohort of LD. Approximately 30% of willing and otherwise appropriate kidney donor/recipient pairs are biologically incompatible and do not proceed to live donor transplantation. In recent years, a number of strategies have been introduced to expand living donation programs beyond the classical direct donation, to overcome immunological barriers of blood group or HLA sensitization of recipients. New strategies in LD include paired kidney exchange (PKE), altruistic donation, altruistic donor chains and list exchange programs. Other alternative programs are desensitization and transplantation across the blood-type barrier. Regular PKE programs operate nationally in The Netherlands and the United Kingdom, or regionally in South Korea, Romania, the United States and Australia. CONCLUSIONS If PKE were performed routinely using 2-way or 3-way PKE and altruistic donor chains, the rate of kidney transplants could increase by between 7% and 10%.
Regulation of magnitude of antibody response to bacterial polysaccharide antigens by thymus-derived lymphocytes

The magnitude of the antibody response to the capsular polysaccharide of type III Streptococcus pneumoniae (SSSIII) is regulated in a positive and negative manner by thymus-derived (T) lymphocytes (1, 10); however, only recently have such control mechanisms been implicated in the antibody response to other bacterial polysaccharide antigens, e.g., Neisseria meningitides group A and C capsular polysaccharides (29, 35), Pseudomonas aeruginosa lipopolysaccharide (LPS) (31, 35), Streptococcus mutans polysaccharide (4), Serratia marcescens LPS (16, 17), and Escherichia coli 055 LPS (16, 17). This suggests that T-cell regulation may be a general feature of these as well as other antibody responses. Many of the variables and cellular interactions associated with T-cell regulation of the antibody response to SSS-111 have been described in great detail. This represents the best defined experimental model system for examining T-cell influences on the magnitude of the antibody response. The purpose of this brief report is to review some of the main characteristics of this model system since they might provide insights into the results obtained with other microbial polysaccharide antigens of medical importance.
The Transcription Factor Foxg1 Promotes Optic Fissure Closure in the Mouse by Suppressing Wnt8b in the Nasal Optic Stalk

During vertebrate eye morphogenesis, a transient fissure forms at its inferior part, known as the optic fissure. This will gradually close, giving rise to a healthy, spherical optic cup. Failure of the optic fissure to close gives rise to an ocular disorder known as coloboma. During this developmental process, Foxg1 is expressed in the optic neuroepithelium, with highest levels of expression in the nasal optic stalk. Foxg1−/− mutant mice have microphthalmic eyes with a large ventral coloboma. We found Wnt8b expression upregulated in the Foxg1−/− optic stalk and hypothesized that, similar to what is observed in telencephalic development, Foxg1 directs development of the optic neuroepithelium through transcriptional suppression of Wnt8b. To test this, we generated Foxg1−/−;Wnt8b−/− double mutants of either sex and found that the morphology of the optic cup and stalk and the closure of the optic fissure were substantially rescued in these embryos. This rescue correlates with restored Pax2 expression in the anterior tip of the optic fissure. In addition, although we do not find evidence implicating altered proliferation in the rescue, we observe a significant increase in apoptotic cell density in Foxg1−/−;Wnt8b−/− double mutants compared with the Foxg1−/− single mutant. Upregulation of Wnt/β-catenin target molecules in the optic cup and stalk may underlie the molecular and morphological defects in the Foxg1−/− mutant. Our results show that proper optic fissure closure relies on Wnt8b suppression by Foxg1 in the nasal optic stalk to maintain balanced apoptosis and Pax2 expression in the nasal and temporal edges of the fissure. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT Coloboma is an ocular disorder that may result in a loss of visual acuity and accounts for ∼10% of childhood blindness. It results from errors in the sealing of the optic fissure (OF), a transient structure at the bottom of the eye. Here, we investigate the colobomatous phenotype of the Foxg1−/− mutant mouse. We identify upregulated expression of Wnt8b in the optic stalk of Foxg1−/− mutants before OF closure initiates. Foxg1−/−;Wnt8b−/− double mutants show a substantial rescue of the Foxg1−/− coloboma phenotype, which correlates with a rescue in molecular and cellular defects of Foxg1−/− mutants. Our results unravel a new role of Foxg1 in promoting OF closure providing additional knowledge about the molecules and cellular mechanisms underlying coloboma formation.
Phenolic Constituents from the Heartwood of Artocapus Altilis and their Tyrosinase Inhibitory Activity

From the MeOH extract of the heartwood of Artocapus altilis, thirteen phenolic compounds have been isolated, namely curcumin (1), desmethoxycurcumin (2), retrodihydrochalcone (3), apigenin (4), tangeretin (5), nobiletin (6), O-methyldehydrodieugenol (7), dehydrodieugenol (8), β-hydroxypropiovanillone (9), p-coumaric acid (10), p-hydroxybenzaldehyde (11), vanillin (12), and vanillic acid (13). This is the first report on the presence of these compounds in the heartwood of A. altilis. Compounds 1, 2, and 10 showed more potent tyrosinase inhibitory activities, with IC50 values ranging from 2.3 to 42.0 μM, than the positive control kojic acid (IC50, 44.6 μM). The most active compound, p-coumaric acid (10) (IC50, 2.3 μM), was 22 times more active in tyrosinase inhibitory activity than kojic acid.
RGB-D sensor based human detection and tracking using an armed robotic system

This paper presents a prototype of a military robot which implements an application of real time detection and tracking of human beings. A depth sensing camera system by Microsoft Kinect is utilized on a physical robot for human detection and aiming in static mode of operation. Human detection is obtained by using APIs of Open Natural Interaction (OpenNI) framework and the aiming routine is carried out by two different methods, firstly by using Regression Analysis between image pixels and the gun control motors, and secondly, by using inverse kinematics. The aiming performance is evaluated for both the methods and a comparison is made based on the accuracy.
Screening for childhood trauma in adult primary care patients: a cross-sectional survey.

OBJECTIVE Compared to screening for partner violence, screening for childhood physical and sexual abuse among adult patients has received little attention, despite associated adverse health consequences. The objective of this exploratory study was to describe the practices, skills, attitudes, and perceived barriers of a large sample of family physicians in screening adult patients for childhood sexual or physical abuse. METHOD Surveys were mailed to the 833 members of the Massachusetts Academy of Family Physicians in 2007 eliciting information about screening practices. Factors associated with routine or targeted screening among adult primary care patients were evaluated. RESULTS Less than one-third of providers reported usually or always screening for childhood trauma and correctly estimated childhood abuse prevalence rates; 25% of providers reported that they rarely or never screen patients. Confidence in screening, perceived role, and knowledge of trauma prevalence were associated with routine and targeted screening. Women and physicians reporting fewer barriers were more likely to routinely screen adult patients. CONCLUSIONS Despite the 20%-50% prevalence of child abuse exposure among adult primary care patients, screening for childhood abuse is not routine practice for most physicians surveyed; a large subgroup of physicians never screen patients. Study findings draw attention to a largely unexplored experience associated with considerable health care costs and morbidity. Results highlight the need to develop training programs about when to suspect trauma histories and how to approach adult patients.
Database of genetic studies of bipolar disorder

This study describes the construction and preliminary analysis of a database of summary level genetic findings for bipolar disorder from the literature. The database is available for noncommercial use at http://bioprogramming.bsd. uchicago.edu/BDStudies/. This may be the first complete collection of published gene-specific linkage and association findings on bipolar disorder, including genome-wide association studies. Both the positive and negative findings have been incorporated so that the statistical and contextual significance of each finding may be compared semi-quantitatively and qualitatively across studies of mixed technologies. The database is appropriate for searching a literature populated by mainly underpowered studies, and if ‘hits’ are viewed as tentative knowledge for future hypothesis generation. It can serve as the basis for a mega-analysis of candidate genes. Herein, we discuss the most robust and best replicated gene findings to date in a contextual manner.
Effective palliation without normal tissue toxicity using low-dose ultrafractionated re-irradiation for tumor recurrence after radical or adjuvant radiotherapy

Re-irradiation of local tumor recurrence after previous radical or adjuvant radiotherapy is often problematic because of the risk of high grade toxicity in normal tissues and inherent or acquired radioresistance of tumors. Using standard fractionation, re-treatment total doses remain low and responses are limited [1 7]. Several tumor cell lines, many of them considered radioresistant, have shown excessive low-dose hyperradiosensitivity (LD HRS) at fraction doses 50.5 Gy, followed by increased radioresistance at doses 0.5 1 Gy. Beyond 1 Gy, there is the usual downward bending survival curve with increasing dose [8 10]. Recovery of LD HRS after 3 4 hour interval allows delivery of successive small doses 3 4 times daily [11,12]. DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs) are considered as the prime lesions for potential cell death after radiation exposure [8]. The integrity of DNA is tightly monitored at several checkpoints in the G1, S and G2 phases, and damages are effectively repaired by a number of mechanisms [13,14], which to a large extent are regulated by the ataxia teleangiectasia mutated (ATM) protein [15,16]. It seems that using low doses of ionizing radiation, the activation of ATM and the function of its downstream target histone H2AX [17,18] is limited allowing the tumor cells harboring DNA DSBs to pass the second G2/M checkpoint [14,19] and proceed into mitosis without being repaired [14,20 22]. However, recent data suggests that LD HRS is not a result from the failure of cells to recognize DNA DSBs due to the nonfunctional ATM [23]. Several other explanations, including local immune responses or tumor cell hypoxia, have also been proposed as possible mechanisms of LD HRS [24]. Based on the rationale of a high proportion of radiation-damaged G2 phase tumor cells entering mitosis, together with a low proportion of cells in the vulnerable G2 phase in normal tissues, we have used low-dose ultrafractionated radiotherapy (LDUF RT) in selected patients with a symptomatic tumor recurrence in the previously irradiated area to achieve effective palliation but minimal normal tissue toxicity.
Intraepithelial γδ T Cells May Bridge a Gap between Innate Immunity and Acquired Immunity to Herpes Simplex Virus Type 2

ABSTRACT Mice depleted of γδ T cells by in vivo administration of anti-TCRγδ monoclonal antibodies showed susceptibility against an intravaginal infection with herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV-2). The systemic Th1 response was impaired in the γδ T-cell-depleted mice. Mice deficient in the Vδ1 T subset were susceptible to an intravaginal infection with HSV-2. Intraepithelial γδ T cells bearing Vδ1 may help protect against intravaginal infection with HSV-2 through promoting the systemic Th1 response.
THE ORAL BLOODSTREAM AS A POWERFUL BIOMARKER OF DENTAL CARIES - AN OVERVIEW

Saliva is an oral biofluid which emulates body's general health. In the oral cavity it bathes and mimics the role of bloodstream as it contains serum constituents, measured in standard blood tests to 1 monitor health and diseases . It is nature's primary defense mechanism for the oral environment and particularly important for protecting exposed tooth surfaces. While internal protection for dentin comes from odontoblasts and the dental pulp, the body's external protection for enamel comes from 2 saliva.
StrataVis : une technique de visualisation graphique orientée modèle

Mastering system engineering means dealing with concepts, methods and tools in order to optimize interactions between multiple components/agents. Despite some focused software solutions (in the conceptual and methodological field), such mastery is not without its pitfalls. In this article, we will put particular emphasis on one of those difficulties: the lack of visual-graphical expressivity of models (referring here to the concrete syntax of modeling languages). Based on a case study, we will describe the features of a new graphical visualization technique called StrataVis that eases model-based system engineering (towards a clarification of inherent complexity of current systems) and requires fewer cognitive efforts from users/model engineers (better visualize and understand the interactions within the systems). MOTS-CLES : Modèle ; formalisme de graphe conceptuel ; technique de visualisation de l’information.