Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Spectral analysis of the budget equation in turbulent channel flows at high Reynolds number

The transport equations for the variances of the velocity components are investigated using data from direct numerical simulations of incompressible channel flows at friction Reynolds number ( $Re_{\unicode[STIX]{x1D70F}}$ ) up to $Re_{\unicode[STIX]{x1D70F}}=5200$ . Each term in the transport equation has been spectrally decomposed to expose the contribution of turbulence at different length scales to the processes governing the flow of energy in the wall-normal direction, in scale and among components. The outer-layer turbulence is dominated by very large-scale streamwise elongated modes, which are consistent with the very large-scale motions (VLSM) that have been observed by many others. The presence of these VLSMs drives many of the characteristics of the turbulent energy flows. Away from the wall, production occurs primarily in these large-scale streamwise-elongated modes in the streamwise velocity, but dissipation occurs nearly isotropically in both velocity components and scale. For this to happen, the energy is transferred from the streamwise-elongated modes to modes with a range of orientations through nonlinear interactions, and then transferred to other velocity components. This allows energy to be transferred more-or-less isotropically from these large scales to the small scales at which dissipation occurs. The VLSMs also transfer energy to the wall region, resulting in a modulation of the autonomous near-wall dynamics and the observed Reynolds number dependence of the near-wall velocity variances. The near-wall energy flows are more complex, but are consistent with the well-known autonomous near-wall dynamics that gives rise to streaks and streamwise vortices. Through the overlap region between outer- and inner-layer turbulence, there is a self-similar structure to the energy flows. The VLSM production occurs at spanwise scales that grow with $y$ . There is transport of energy away from the wall over a range of scales that grows with $y$ . Moreover, there is transfer of energy to small dissipative scales which grows like $y^{1/4}$ , as expected from Kolmogorov scaling. Finally, the small-scale near-wall processes characterised by wavelengths less than 1000 wall units are largely Reynolds number independent, while the larger-scale outer-layer processes are strongly Reynolds number dependent. The interaction between them appears to be relatively simple.
SETORIZAÇÃO E FILTRAGEM DE MÉDIA MÓVEL NA ANÁLISE ESTATÍSTICA DO SINAL RÁDIO MÓVEL

This article compares the probability density functions (pdf's) obtained through clustering and moving average filtering techniques applied on the power samples of the mobile radio signal acquired in indoor environment on the 430 MHz range frequency. The distance between the pdf's was used to compare them, using the L 1 metrics. And then, conclusions about the number of samples used in the filters windows were outlined.
STIMULATED RABBIT FAST MUSCLES

Continuous stimulation of a rabbit fast muscle at 10 Hz changes its physiological and biochemical parameters to those of a slow muscle. These transformations include the replacement of myosin of one type by myosin of another type. Two hypotheses could explain the cellular basis of these changes. First, if fibers were permanently programmed to be fast or slow, but not both, a change from one muscle type to another would involve atrophy of one fiber type accompanied by de novo appearance of the other type. Alternatively, preexisting muscle fibers could be changing from the expression of one set of genes to the expression of another. Fluorescein-labeled antibodies against fast (AF) and slow (AS) muscle myosins of rabbits have been prepared by procedures originally applied to chicken muscle. In the unstimulated fast peroneus longus muscle, most fibers stained only with AF; a small percentage stained only with AS; and no fibers stained with both antibodies. In stimulated muscles, most fibers stained with both AF and AS; with increasing time of stimulation, there was a progressive decrease in staining intensity with AF and a progressive increase in staining intensity with AS within the same fibers. These results are consistent with a theory that individual preexisting muscle fibers can actually switch from the synthesis of fast myosin to the synthesis of slow myosin.
Utjecaj komercializacije na javne medije

Uspješnost u izdavanju novina danas, više no ikada ranije, ovisna je o strategijama stalnih inovacija i spremnosti da se primijeni široka ljestvica novih mogućnosti. Novine su izvrgnute mnogim novim pritiscima: novi formati, novi cjenovni modeli, novi čitatelji i, konačno, nova tržišta. Istodobno internet i bežične komunikacije postaju profitabilni sastavni dijelovi uspješnih i inovativnih kompanija. U tom složenom kolopletu, novinski izdavači traže svoje mjesto pod suncem. Često se koristi podatak da je 50 posto svih materijala koji se objavljuju u dnevnim novinama ili emisijama radija i televizije, generirano vijestima koje isporučuju novinske agencije. Sama ta činjenica govori o važnosti agencija za cjelokupni informativni prostor i medijsku raznolikost. No, upozorava i na veliku odgovornost agencije da se prilagodi novim odnosima i novoj paradigmi medijskih potreba. Sve to treba rezultirati potpuno novim pristupom. Hina ima veliku konkurenciju u protoku informacija najvećih svjetskih news agencija poput AFP, AP, Reutersa, UPI, Blomberga, ali i regionalnih poput DPA ili APA. Zanimljivo je analizirati kako te agencije stječu prihode. Na području medija sve je podložno brzim i sve češćim promjenama. Hina, da bi mogla obavljati profesionalnu i društvenu zadaću i ulogu, mora se tim promjenama stalno prilagođavati. To pretpostavlja i jasan poslovni i profesionalni odnos prema korisnicima, te međusobno poštivanje prava i (financijskih) obveza, što kod nas vrlo često nije slučaj.
Title : Dynamics of the Cytotoxic T Cell Response to a Model of Acute Viral 1 Infection

word count: 249 (Abstract) + 150 (Importance) 17 Text word count: 5,493 18 $ This work was funded in part by grant R56 AI0181860 from the NIH to HR. JVI Accepted Manuscript Posted Online 4 February 2015 J. Virol. doi:10.1128/JVI.03474-14 Copyright © 2015, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved. on D ecem er 6, 2017 by gest http/jvi.asm . rg/ D ow nladed fom
Calmodulin as a versatile calcium signal transducer in plants.

The complexity of Ca2+ patterns observed in eukaryotic cells, including plants, has led to the hypothesis that specific patterns of Ca2+ propagation, termed Ca2+ signatures, encode information and relay it to downstream elements (effectors) for translation into appropriate cellular responses. Ca2+ -binding proteins (sensors) play a key role in decoding Ca2+ signatures and transducing signals by activating specific targets and pathways. Calmodulin is a Ca2+ sensor known to modulate the activity of many mammalian proteins, whose targets in plants are now being actively characterized. Plants possess an interesting and rapidly growing list of calmodulin targets with a variety of cellular roles. Nevertheless, many targets appear to be unique to plants and remain uncharacterized, calling for a concerted effort to elucidate their functions. Moreover, the extended family of calmodulin-related proteins in plants consists of evolutionarily divergent members, mostly of unknown function, although some have recently been implicated in stress responses. It is hoped that advances in functional genomics, and the research tools it generates, will help to explain themultiplicity of calmodulin genes in plants, and to identify their downstream effectors. This review summarizes current knowledge of the Ca2+ -calmodulin messenger system in plants and presents suggestions for future areas of research. Contents I. Introduction 36 II. CaM isoforms and CaM-like proteins 37 III. CaM-target proteins 42 IV. CaM and nuclear functions 46 V. Regulation of ion transport 49 VI. CaM and plant responses to environmental stimuli 52 VII. Conclusions and future studies 58 Acknowledgements 59 References 59.
Interacting fermions : a holographic approach/

Most materials are either metals or insulators. When they are metals, their electronic properties are usually described by Landau's Fermi liquid theory. That is, they behave more or less like a free Fermi gas, with a few modifications due to electron-electron interactions. However, there exist a few metallic materials whose phenomenology does not fit within Fermi liquid theory. These are quasi-2D metals on the verge of becoming insulators, and they happen to become superconducting at low temperature, by a mechanism different than BCS superconductivity. The physics of these materials calls for a new strongly coupled universality class of interacting electrons, yet to be understood. This work looks at the problem from the novel point of view of gauge/gravity, or holographic, duality. Thesis Supervisor: John McGreevy Title: Associate Professor
Increased Gene Expression for VEGF and the VEGF Receptors KDRIFIk and Fit in Lungs Exposed to Acute or to Chronic Hypoxia

Endothelial cells constitute an essential integrator of factors that affect blood vessel remodeling induced by chronic hypoxia. Wehypothesized that vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) may participate in the lung response to acute and to chronic hypoxia. Wefound that ex vivo perfusion of isolated lungs under hypoxic conditions (when compared with normoxia) caused an increase in lung tissue mRNAof VEGF and of the VEGF receptors KDR/Flk and Flt. Chronic hypobaric hypoxia also increased lung tissue mRNAlevels of VEGF, KDR/Flk, and Flt and the amount of VEGFprotein. In situ hybridization studies demonstrated increased VEGFand KDR/flk hybridization signals in lungs from chronically hypoxic rats. Since endotoxin treatment of rats decreased lung VEGFmRNA,we postulated that nitric oxide (NO) or an NO-related metabolite might be involved in lung VEGFgene expression. Indeed, sodium nitroprusside, a NOdonor, decreased and L-NAME (N-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester), an inhibitor of NO-synthesis, increased both VEGFand VEGFreceptor transcripts. Weconclude that VEGF in the isolated perfused lung acts as an early gene in response to hypoxia and that lung VEGFand VEGF receptor mRNAlevels are influenced by hypoxia and NOdependent mechanisms. (J. Clin. Invest. 1995. 95:17981807.)
FEDERAL RESERVE BANK of ATLANTA WORKING PAPER SERIES Confronting Model Misspecification in Macroeconomics

We estimate a Markov-switching mixture of two familiar macroeconomic models: a richly parameterized dynamic stochastic general equilibrium (DSGE) model and a corresponding Bayesian vector autoregression (BVAR) model. We show that the Markov-switching mixture model dominates both individual models and improves the fit considerably. Our estimation indicates that the DSGE model plays an important role only in the late 1970s and the early 1980s. We show how to use the mixture model as a data filter for estimation of the DSGE model when the BVAR model is not identified. Moreover, we show how to compute the impulse responses to the same type of shock shared by the DSGE and BVAR models when the shock is identified in the BVAR model. Our exercises demonstrate the importance of integrating model uncertainty and parameter uncertainty to address potential model misspecification in macroeconomics. JEL classification: C52, E2, E4
FPGA Architecture: Survey and Challenges

Field-Programmable Gate Arrays (FPGAs) have become one of the key digital circuit implementation media over the last decade. A crucial part of their creation lies in their architecture, which governs the nature of their programmable logic functionality and their programmable interconnect. FPGA architecture has a dramatic effect on the quality of the final device's speed performance, area efficiency, and power consumption. This survey reviews the historical development of programmable logic devices, the fundamental programming technologies that the programmability is built on, and then describes the basic understandings gleaned from research on architectures. We include a survey of the key elements of modern commercial FPGA architecture, and look toward future trends in the field.
Design e emoção na qualificação das experiências de educação: redução da ansiedade na busca de cursos de mestrado

A pesquisa em design tem revelado uma crescente preocupacao com a qualificacao das experiencias vividas pela sociedade em geral, a fim de promover melhorias na vida cotidiana. Uma das areas em foco nos estudos sobre a experiencia do usuario e a educacao, e as experiencias projetadas podem ir desde a promocao de emocoes positivas, como a inspiracao, ate a reducao de reacoes negativas, como a ansiedade. A pesquisa relatada teve como objetivo discutir como a analise da experiencia do usuario pode contribuir para o processo de design de experiencias na area de educacao, a fim de reduzir a ansiedade na escolha de programas de mestrado. Foram realizadas vinte entrevistas em profundidade com pessoas em processo de busca de informacoes sobre programas de mestrado. Os resultados indicaram uma serie de gatilhos (causas) da experiencia de ansiedade. Foi possivel perceber que e possivel projetar com base na compreensao de tais gatilhos, a fim de evitar experiencias negativas na escolha de cursos em nivel de mestrado.
A REPRESENTATIVIDADE DA ORGANIZAÇÃO DAS NAÇÕES UNIDAS E DOS DIREITOS HUMANOS: DA QUESTÃO UNIVERSALISTA AO PROCESSO DE NÃO-EXCLUSÃO

: The main objective of this article is to demonstrate the difficulties of the action plans of the United Nations (UN) in political contexts arising from singularities of the international system. In this sense, it seeks to address the problem of how the UN, in a multipolar world, may be an international reference in a world with so diluted power cores. It starts from the hypothesis that the action of the international organization is possible insofar it prioritizes the plural dialogue between governments and cultures. The development of the hypothesis is carried out, a priori, through the analysis of the institution’s foundation, bringing to that debate the universalistic content of its predecessor, the League of Nations. Later, it approaches the new international situation, based on political realism between States and the bipolarity of the international system, i.e. the Cold War context. It is analyzed briefly the political difficulties faced by the organization, since the universalist enlightenment had been bypassed in order to favor security agendas. Noteworthy, also the paradigmatic changes incited the notion of external sovereignty by the advent of the Organization and international human rights standards are approached. Finally, it is understood that the non-exclusion of States from international debates is the way to proactive agendas worldwide. The method used in the research is the hypothetical-deductive, and its technique is the bibliographical research.
Aprendendo Características para Identificação de Golfinhos

Neste trabalho, descrevemos um sistema desenvolvido para identificação automática de golfinhos a partir de imagens digitais. Propomos técnicas para reduzir problemas causados por transformações afins (rotação e escala), geralmente presentes em fotos de golfinhos não submersos, tomadas de posições genéricas, seja a partir de um barco ou mesmo da praia. Descrevemos técnicas desenvolvidas especialmente para a extração de multi-caracterı́sticas usadas como entrada para classificadores que guardam uma assinatura para cada animal. Dois classificadores foram testados em experimentos visando identificação. O primeiro método, direto e simples, através de um casamento de padrões, obtém um escore para cada indivíduo. Em outro método, usamos uma rede do tipo perceptron em multi-camadas treinada com um algoritmo do tipo backpropagation (BPNN). Foi desenvolvido para este último um mecanismo de auto-crescimento visando encontrar e inserir de forma automática indivíduos novos, eventualmente não presentes em sua memória a um dado tempo. Ou seja, este mecanismo consegue lidar com representações para instâncias já conhecidas e eventualmente descobrir animais novos numa família de golfinhos. Mostramos resultados práticos incluindo a performance de cada algoritmo e uma comparação entre ambos.
Building Resilience in a Gendered Journey: A Study of Women's Paths to Science Teaching

Y es, I can. " These words reflect a common spirit of women science educators according to a recent survey investigating Colorado women's aspirations to teach science and their persistence in reaching that goal. The educators' collective experience echoes a resounding affirmation of these women's strength in the face of odds against advanced science learning or teaching. By their success in reaching careers in science, they were exceptions to the rule. Although the women surveyed had varying resources to support them and took diverse routes to reach their destination, their journeys shared strong common features. Women science educators indicated similar reasons for pursuing science, similar challenges, and similar resiliency in reaching their goal. Their shared passion about the field of science teaching makes it clear why the road is worth traveling. These women tell what was or would have been helpful to them, and suggest what might continue to be helpful to others.
Hypomethylating Agents in Oncohematology

The review describes epigenetic processes, including methylation of nuclear and mitochondrial DNA, as well as RNA. It dwells on mechanisms of demethylation and corresponding medicinal products. It presents detailed information on results of numerous large randomized studies intended to evaluate hypomethylating agents (azanucleosides). Special attention is paid to outcomes of azanucleoside therapy in patients with acute myeloid leukemias. The article describes several prognostic systems and treatment algorithms for myelodysplastic syndromes. Two azanucleosides have been approved in Russia to date: azacitidine (for SQ administration) and decitabine (for IV administration). International authors analyze the experience in oral and subcutaneous administration of decitabine. However, the problem of off-label use of hypomethylating agents is still open. The review gives a brief description of ongoing clinical trials with azanucleosides.
9 Protein-Primed Replication of Bacteriophage 29 DNA

Unlike circular genomes in which the conventional replication fork machinery can accomplish the copy of the complete molecule, the requirement of a DNA/RNA molecule to prime DNA synthesis imposes replication strategies to avoid the loss of genetic information contained at the very end of the lagging strand in linear chromosomes since DNA polymerases are unable to start de novo DNA synthesis. Thus, once the most terminal primer is removed, a short region of unreplicated single-stranded DNA (ssDNA) will remain at the end of the chromosome that would eventually lead to a continuous shortening of the daughter DNA molecule after successive rounds of DNA replication (the end-replication problem). Therefore, it is essential to guarantee replication of the chromosome ends, that otherwise would cause cell death. Organisms containing linear genomes have developed novel replication strategies to overcome such a problem by either yielding head–tail concatemers, most of them making use of terminal redundancies as phages T4, T7 and SPP1, or by the circularisation and further rolling circle replication of their chromosomes, as it occurs in phage  [reviewed in (Salas & de Vega, 2008)]. In higher eukaryotes telomerase extends directly the 3 ́ end, producing an overhanged ssDNA end (Kornberg & Baker, 1992) that finally can invade homologous double-stranded telomeric tracts, enlarging and protecting chromosome ends (Verdun & Karlseder, 2007). Other organisms, as bacteriophages, animal viruses as adenovirus and human hepatitis B virus, mitochondrial plasmids, linear chromosomes and plasmids of Streptomyces (Salas, 1999), as well as several virus infecting Archaea, as halovirus (Bamford et al., 2005; Bath et al., 2006), possess replication origins, constituted by inverted terminal repetitions (ITR) together with a terminal protein (TP), placed at both ends of their linear chromosomes (Salas, 1991). In these cases, the location of the two replication origins allows both strands to be replicated continuously, without requiring asymmetric complexes of the replicative DNA polymerase with other accessory proteins to control the different mechanics of continuous and discontinuous synthesis (Blanco et al., 1989). The TP provides the OHgroup of a specific serine, threonine or tyrosine to prime initiation of DNA replication from the ends of the linear chromosome, circumventing the end replication problem, the TP remaining covalently linked to such 5 ́-termini of the genome (TP-DNA) (Salas, 1991, 1999; Salas et al., 1996).
Ensino híbrido

Ensino Híbrido: personalização e tecnologia da educação apresenta-se como um livro feito por professores para professores. A proposta deste livro se assenta na experiência de um grupo de professores que refletiram a partir de experiências práticas de uso integrado das tecnologias digitais visando a personalização do ensino e buscaram apoio na literatura para embasar suas reflexões.
Dynamic earthquake rupture modelled with an unstructured 3-D spectral element method applied to the 2011 M9 Tohoku earthquake

An important goal of computational seismology is to simulate dynamic earthquake rupture and strong ground motion in realistic models that include crustal heterogeneities and complex fault geometries. To accomplish this, we incorporate dynamic rupture modelling capabilities in a spectral element solver on unstructured meshes, the 3-D open source code SPECFEM3D, and employ state-of-the-art software for the generation of unstructured meshes of hexahedral elements. These tools provide high flexibility in representing fault systems with complex geometries, including faults with branches and non-planar faults. The domain size is extended with progressive mesh coarsening to maintain an accurate resolution of the static field. Our implementation of dynamic rupture does not affect the parallel scalability of the code. We verify our implementation by comparing our results to those of two finite element codes on benchmark problems including branched faults. Finally, we present a preliminary dynamic rupture model of the 2011 M_w 9.0 Tohoku earthquake including a non-planar plate interface with heterogeneous frictional properties and initial stresses. Our simulation reproduces qualitatively the depth-dependent frequency content of the source and the large slip close to the trench observed for this earthquake.
Status of ATF2 IP-BPM Project

The efforts during the second half of 2014 towards nanometric beam position measurement and stabilization at the Interaction Point (IP) section of the Accelerator Test Facility (ATF) at KEK are presented. Recent improvements to the beam position monitor (BPM) data analysis and processing electronics, as well as the installation of a new set of C-Band BPMs, are reviewed.