Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The Effectiveness of Blended Learning in Increasing Prospective Physics Teacher Students’ Learning Motivation and Problem-Solving Ability

Advances in information technology have led to innovative learning methods that combine traditional and online learning, known as blended learning. This pre-experimental study aims to analyze the effectiveness of blended learning in increasing prospective physics teacher students’ learning motivation and problem-solving ability. There were 14 students who participated in this study. They were involved in 70% of face-to-face learning and 30% in online learning. The data of learning motivation were collected by the questioner and the data of problem-solving ability were collected by test. The research hypotheses were tested by non-parametric statistics, namely the sign test. The results of the study indicate that the pre-test score mean of learning motivation was 67.21 (SD= 5.45), which was in the medium level and the post-test score mean was 74.98 (SD=5.93), which was at a high level. The pre-test score means of problem-solving was 33. 43 (SD = 4.90) which was at a low-level and the post-test score mean was 63.54 (SD =2.35), which was at a moderate level. The one side sign test shows the calculated ZC= 3.43, which was higher than standard Z at a 5% significance level. The mean score of prospective physics teacher students’ learning motivation and problem-solving ability between before and after learning was significantly different. From this finding can be concluded that blended learning effective in increasing prospective physics teacher students’ learning motivation and problem-solving ability.
A RANDOMIZED COMPARATIVE STUDY BETWEEN REMOTE ISCHEMIC PRECONDITIONING AND PHARMACOLOGICAL PRECONDITIONING IN MAJOR AORTIC SURGERIES

Background: Cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) remains an essential element of the surgical correction of most majorcardiovascular lesions. CPB is complicated by multisystem injury, the mechanisms of which include ischemia–reperfusion injury (IRI) and a detrimental systemic inflammatory response. Cardiac, pulmonary and neuronal injury and dysfunction remain important clinical problems after CPB. Aim of the study: The aim of this study was to compare and evaluate the effectiveness of remote ischemic preconditioning and pharmacological preconditioning in reducing cardiac injury inducedby cardiopulmonary bypass in adult patients undergoing major aortic surgeries. Patients and Methods: This study included (42) patients, divided into two groups 21 patients each, Group R: Remote Ischemic Preconditioning (cycles of ischemia and reperfusion of lower limb using blood pressure cuff) and Group P: pharmacological preconditioning (administration of sevoflurane and dexmedetomidine). Results: The current studyshowed postoperative lower elevation in CK total enzyme, CK MB enzyme and troponin I enzyme and decreased inotropic support(adrenaline infusion) requirements post-operatively along with shorter duration of postoperative intubation and postoperative ICU stay in group Pcompared to group R. Conclusion: Pharmacological preconditioning using sevoflurane and dexmedetomidine hasmyocardial protective effect after CPB in adult patients undergoing major aortic surgeries more than remote ischemic preconditioning as reflected by lower elevation in CK total enzyme, CK MB enzyme and troponin I enzyme and decreased inotropic support (adrenaline infusion) requirements postoperatively along with shorter duration of both postoperative intubation and postoperative ICU stay.
Preoperative Hypoalgesia After Cold Pressor Test and Aerobic Exercise is Associated With Pain Relief 6 Months After Total Knee Replacement

Objectives: Chronic pain after total knee replacement (TKR) is not uncommon. Preoperative impaired conditioning pain modulation (CPM) has been used to predict chronic postoperative pain. Interestingly, exercises reduce pain sensitivity in patients with knee osteoarthritis (KOA). This pilot study investigated the association between exercise-induced hypoalgesia (EIH) and CPM on post-TKR pain relief. Methods: Before and 6 months post-TKR, 14 patients with chronic KOA performed the cold pressor test on the nonaffected leg and 2 exercise conditions (bicycling and isometric knee extension), randomized and counterbalanced. Before and during the cold pressor test and after exercises test stimuli were applied to extract the pain sensitivity difference: computer-controlled cuff inflation on the affected lower leg until the participants detected the cuff pain threshold (cPPT) and subsequently the cuff pain tolerance (cPTT) and manual pressure pain thresholds (PPTs) at the legs, arm, and shoulder. Clinical pain intensity (numerical rating scale [NRS]) and psychological distress (questionnaires) were assessed. Results: Clinical pain intensity, psychological distress, cPPT, and PPT at the affected leg improved post-TKR compared with pre-TKR (P<0.05). Preoperatively, the CPM and bicycling EIH assessed by the increase in cPTT correlated with reduction in NRS pain scores post-TKR (P<0.05). Improved CPM and EIH responses after TKR were significantly correlated with reduction in NRS pain scores post-TKR (P<0.05). Discussion: In KOA patients, hypoalgesia after cold pressor stimulation and aerobic exercise assessed preoperatively by cuff algometry was associated with pain relief 6 months after TKR. EIH as a novel preoperative screening tool should be further investigated in larger studies.
Interactive comment on “Low CO2 evasion rate from the mangrove surrounding waters of Sundarban” by Anirban Akhand et al

The present study investigates water pCO2 at 8 different stations of mangrove surrounding waters (creek, island boundary, mid-river) at Dhanchi Island in the Sundarbans, India. The authors present an interesting high resolution data set (8 x 24h timeseries, diurnal, tidal) at 1 min interval of pCO2 and find mangrove surrounding waters to be a weak source or sink of atmospheric CO2. The authors aim to reveal and identify why the here studied mangrove waters act as a net sink compared to previous studies, that are commonly found to be a source of CO2. They conclude that the reduced river-
Botrytis Cinerea, One of the Most Destructive Plant Pathogens, as a Potent to Produce Silver Nanoparticles

Nanoparticles are synthesized using different physical and chemical methods. However, the development of an eco-friendly approach for the synthesis of nanoparticles is of critical importance to nanotechnology. Types of fungi which secrete a high amount of proteins are ideal candidates for the eco-friendly synthesis of nanoparticles. In this research, the extracellular biosynthesis of silver nanoparticles was implemented, using Botrytis cinerea. UV-vis spectroscopy illustrated a sharp peak at 420 nm, demonstrating the presence of silver nanoparticles in the fungal cell filtrate. Further analysis was accomplished through TEM and FTIR. Silver nanoparticles were spherical and 5.1-13.95 nm in diameter with an average size of 8.55 nm. NPs were stable three months after their formation, which is, quite likely, due to their capping with proteins which were secreted by the fungus.
Evaluating the Egyptian Official online channels for branding Egypt as a tourism destination

Websites, social media, and tourism mobile applications are now considered important online channels for promoting destinations' brand. The study employed content analysis technique to analyze the official Egyptian Tourism Website, social media tools and the mobile application linked to the website. The study used three analysis models to evaluate the features and the interactivity of the Egyptian online channels. Results show a strong need to develop the interactivity of the Egyptian website and its mobile application. The study demonstrated the need for more integrated social media tools to brand Egypt online as a tourism destination.
DECENTRALIZE ENERGY NETWORK SYSTEM(DEN) IN ASSIMILATION WITH BLOCKCHAIN

- There is a strong need to establish a chain of energy transfer mechanisms that can lead to a tamper-proof, scalable, and transparent solution. Energy Internet, being a futuristic approach can prevent data tampering and help recording of transactions in a more efficient and a secured way. The clean and direct energy transfer from origin to consumers and its tracking is important to make the transfer of renewable energy a digital and smooth experience. This paper proposes the model of decentralized energy network in assimilation with blockchain. Also, analyzing the applications of blockchain in the energy network, we deliver a novel application of blockchain in decentralized network systems. Further, the paper summarizes the present challenges and their potential future scopes.
Application of membrane filters in determination of the adsorption of tetracycline hydrochloride on graphene oxide

This paper shows the use of membrane filters in adsorption of solution of tetracycline hydrochloride on graphene materials. The adsorption process was monitored at different wavelengths, different pH values at certain time intervals. The absorbances of the solutions were measured by UV-Vis spectrophotometry at two wavelengths (275 nm and 356 nm), and three pH values (pH 4, pH 7 and pH 10) every 90 minutes for 6 hours of monitoring, with constant stirring in an ultrasonic bath. The results showed decrease in absorbance at both wavelength and in all three pH values which proved the adsorption of tetracycline hydrochloride on GO and rGO. The largest decrease in absorbance was 98.1%. The most suitable pH value for adsorption was pH 4. This paper used a unique approach to filtration through membrane filters, which in the future could lead to the development of membrane filters based on graphene materials.
The impacts of commissioning coal-fired power stations on air quality in South Africa: insights from ambient monitoring stations

Introduction Coal is the major source of electricity in South Africa, generating 85.7% of the country’s power in 2016 (StatsSA, 2018). Eskom Holdings SOC Ltd (hereafter referred to as Eskom) generates more than 90% of South Africa’s electricity and approximately 40% of Africa’s electricity (Eskom, 2019). Coal-fired power station emissions have been flagged for their impact on ambient air quality and associated health issues (Xue et al., 2005; Keen and Altieri, 2016a; Keen and Altieri, 2016b; Holland, 2017; Mannucci and Franchini, 2017; Wright et al., 2017; Langerman and Pauw, 2018; Gray, 2019).
The Relationship between Normal and Abnormal Audit Fees and Financial Restatements

The present study aims to analyze the relationship between normal and abnormal audit fees on financial restatements. This article benefits from an applied method, and the statistical method used includes a panel regression pattern. Five hypotheses are formulated and tested for this study. The study's statistical sample comprises 116 enlisted companies on the Tehran Stock Exchange from 2012-2016. The results obtained from hypothesis testing show that the audit fees and audit fees shortage sensitivity significantly affect the Tehran Stock Exchange's financial restatements. Furthermore, these results suggest that abnormal audit fees, high-standard audit fees, compared with low-standard audit fees, and excessive audit fees sensitivity could not influence the financial restatements.
The Role of Ganoderma Lucidum Polysaccharide Peptide in Endothelial Progenitor Cells and Circulating Endothelial Cells as anti Endothelial Dysfunction from Stable Angina Pectoris Patients

Received 07-11-2020 Accepted 25-11-2020 Available Online 25-11-2020 Published 30-11-2020 1 Universitas Brawijaya, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Cardiology and Vascular Medicine, Malang, Indonesia 2 Dr. Saiful Anwar General Hospital, Malang, Indonesia * Corresponding Author: Nizamuddin Ubaidillah E-mail: nizamuddin_ubaidillah@yahoo.com. au The Role of Ganoderma Lucidum Polysaccharide Peptide in
A Simulation Based Proactive Approach for Smart Capacity Estimation in the Context of Dynamic Positions and Events

A R T I C L E I N F O A B S T R A C T Article history: Received: 30 August, 2020 Accepted: 31 October, 2020 Online: 20 November, 2020 Technologies are growing with the passage of time and providing solutions for the existing problems. One of such problems is to manage the crowd according to available capacity. Especially when the crowd density is dynamic because of dynamic position of the persons (Pilgrims). Not only dynamic position of the pilgrims makes crowd capacity dynamic but also special events increase and decrease in number of pilgrims that affect the capacity in a specific place. Therefore, it is not an easy job to estimate the available capacity according to the dynamic position and event. To overcome such problems of dynamic position and event-based crowd management different techniques and approaches are adopted. To solve the above-mentioned problem, this paper proposes a proactive approach to estimate the space occupy by the pilgrims in different positions in a zone or level. Maximum capacity in each zone and level is define on the basis of each position. On the basis of maximum and occupy capacities, available (remaining) capacity has been estimated in a zone and level according to the events such as Pilgrimage, Ramadan, Jummah etc. The occupied and available capacities in a zone, level or in the whole building can be estimated with the help of technologies such as Wireless Sensor Network (WSN), cloud computing, Internet of Things (IoT) and sensor topologies according to position and event. Simulation shows different scenarios according to the zones and different levels of building to prove the proactive approach. According to the results, it is concluded that zones, levels and point of entrances should be allocated to the pilgrims to avoid the congestion problems. Further for massive crowd and large area multi sink solution is better than single sink solution to estimate available capacity.
Applying Factor Analysis for Studying the Most Important Factors Economic Affecting the number of employees within period 2000 till 2009 in Syria

The objective of this research is applying Factor Analysis for Studying the most important economic factors affecting the number of employees within period 2000 till 2009 in Syria, to propose a methodological framework for constructing the integrated factor analysis model system (FAMS) that can be used as a decision support tool in employment year examination and supervision process for detection of years, which are experiencing serious problems. Sample and variable set of the study contains 17 economic variables. Study years (10 years during the period 2000–2009) and their economic variables. Well known multivariate statistical technique (principal component analysis), was used to explore the basic economic characteristics of the theses years, and discriminant models were estimated based on these characteristics to construct FAMS. The importance of factor analysis model system in employment year examination was evaluated with respect to defining the non-employment years for deciding the most important employment policy for reducing unemployment rates in future. Results of the study show that, if FAMS was effectively employed within studied years, It is possible in this case to identify weaknesses, according to the years that have the number of employees is less than the overall average calculated over the period.
Set-theoretic Kripke-style Semantics for Weakly Associative Substructural Fuzzy Logics *

】 This paper deals with Kripke-style semantics, which will be called set-theoretic Kripke-style semantics, for weakly associative substructural fuzzy logics. We first recall three weakly associative substructural fuzzy logic systems and then introduce their corresponding Kripke-style semantics. Next, we provide set-theoretic completeness results for them.
Coping with temperature extremes: thermal tolerance and behavioral plasticity in desert leaf-cutting ants (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) across an altitudinal gradient

Current approaches to assess and predict the impact of climate warming on ectotherms are largely based on their physiological sensitivity to temperature. However, these physiological studies provide little insight into the mechanisms by which particular species respond to increasing temperatures through behavior, phenotypic plasticity, or genetic adaptation. In this work, we focus on the potential of thermoregulatory behaviors of terrestrial ectotherms to buffer the impact of climate change. Using as models two sympatric species of leaf-cutting ants (Acromyrmex lobicornis and A. striatus), we attempt to investigate whether their altitudinal distribution across an arid-base mountain is predicted by their physiological critic thermal limits (CTmax and CTmin), temperature of foraging activity, and fungus garden depth. We found that both species differed in their critical thermal limits, but this difference did not explain their pattern of abundance along the altitudinal gradient. Both species showed plasticity in their behavioral responses to temperature changes across the elevational gradient. The onset and daily pattern of foraging activity changed with altitude, such that the range of temperatures at which both species foraged as well as the temperature of maximum foraging activity were maintained across all elevations. The depth of the fungus chamber changed as a function of the environmental temperature, being deeper during the summer compared with the winter, and at the base of the mountain compared with the highest elevation. Our results show that we need to go beyond thermal physiology to predict how some ectotherms species respond to climate change and that the plasticity in behavioral responses to extreme temperature could allow species to persist in warmer habitats despite increasing temperatures.
Improving the co-production of triacylglycerol and isoprenoids in Chlamydomonas

Biodiesel and natural products derived from microalgae require a smaller land area and have higher production rates compared to plants and animals and has recently attracted considerable interest. However, biodiesel production from microalgal triacylglycerol is still far from commercial realization due to its high production cost. One way to overcome this obstacle is to improve the triacylglycerol accumulation and couple its production with other high-value compounds. Of particular interest is the sterol biosynthetic pathway with squalene as an intermediate due to its close relationship with triacylglycerol and carotenoid biosynthetic pathways. Besides, both squalene and carotenoids are isoprenoid lipids that have health benefits. Perturbation of one pathway has been suggested to affect other pathways. Three terbinafine-sensitive mutants of the green microalga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii were isolated using terbinafine, a drug that inhibits squalene epoxidase, leading to squalene accumulation.One of the mutants, tfs2, accumulated twice the amount of wild-type triacylglycerol. As well as squalene accumulation, the presence of terbinafine further increased the triacylglycerol content. The level of prenyl lipid carotenoid and chlorophyll was also more significant than that of the wild type. Growth and photosynthesis were not compromised in this mutant. This is the first study that has demonstrated amutant screening method to improve the co-production of TAG and isoprenoid lipids in a green microalga.
A THESIS FOR THE DEGREE OF MASTER OF SCIENCE Identification and Inheritance of New Sources of Resistance against Cucumber mosaic virus Isolate P1 in Capsicum and Development of a Tomato yellow leaf curl Kanchanaburi virus Infectious Clone

Peppers (Capsicum spp.) are important vegetable and spice crop worldwide. It possesses rich accumulations of secondary metabolites, colors and certain essential vitamins and minerals. Viral diseases are severe threat to both hot and sweet peppers resulting in significant yield loss. In the present study, two pepper viruses causing such excessive yield and quality loss of pepper were studied. In the first chapter, Capsicum germplasm collection was screened to identify resistance sources of CMVP1, a new variant of Cucumber mosaic virus (CMV) strain. No accumulation of the virus in resistant pepper accessions was verified by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Among the 4,197 accessions, seven accessions of C. annuum have been screened out as new resistant sources. Pepper accessions exhibiting strong
Integration of ICT in Teaching and Learning of Mathematics: Feature of Systematic Literature

The present study has been developed based on the adoption of ICT in the teaching process of mathematics. There are certain research questions and methods that have been identified in the present study to understand the background of ICT adoption. Review method of the study has been developed based on selection criteria, search strategy and critical appraisal. The review method has helped to identify essential articles based on adoption and challenges of ICT in the education sector. Besides, a critical appraisal has been added in the study which is developed based on ten different themes of ICT integration. Each of the themes has aimed to meet the research questions of the present study. Apart from this, data collection, data analysis has been included in the present study. Moreover, the study has included research findings, recommendations and conclusion.
A review and evaluation of the methodology for digitising 2D

Understanding the impact of fracture networks on rock mass properties is an essential part of 6 a wide range of applications in geosciences, from understanding permeability of groundwater aquifers 7 and hydrocarbon reservoirs to erodibility properties and slope stability of rock masses for geotechnical 8 engineering. However, gathering high quality, oriented-fracture datasets in the field can be difficult and 9 time consuming, for example due to constraints on time or access (e.g. cliffs). Therefore, a method for 10 obtaining accurate, quantitative fracture data from photographs is a significant benefit. In this paper we 11 describe and evaluate the method for generating a series of digital fracture traces in GIS-environment, 12 in which spatial analysis of a fracture network can be carried out. The method is not meant to replace 13 the gathering of data in the field, but to be used in conjunction, and is well suited where fieldwork time 14 is limited, or where the section cannot be accessed directly. The basis of the method is the generation 15 of the vector dataset (shapefile) of a fracture network from a georeferenced photograph of an outcrop 16 in a GIS environment. From that shapefile, key parameters such as fracture density and orientation can 17 be calculated. Furthermore, in the GIS-environment more complex spatial calculations and graphical 18 plots can be carried out such as heat maps of fracture density. There are a number of advantages to 19 using a digital method for gathering fracture data including: time efficiency, generating large fracture 20 network datasets, flexibility during data gathering and consistency of data. 21
OPTOELECTRONIC AND SENSING APPLICATIONS OF PLASMONIC SILVER NANOPARTICLES

In recent time, nanoparticles of noble metals like gold, silver have drawn a considerable interest of researchers due to their various applications such as in sensors, electronic devices, solar cell, semiconductors, biosensors etc. In the present review article, the main focus is on silver nanoparticles (Ag NPs) which are widely used due to their unique properties such as optical, electronic, catalytic properties which are shape & size dependent. The interaction of light with silver nanoparticles can give rise to collective oscillations of the free electrons commonly known as surface plasmons. The surface plasmon resonance band (SPR) for silver nanoparticles occurs in the visible region of electromagnetic spectrum and this property has been exploited in a number of applications. This paper highlights the various optoelectronic and sensing application of silver nanoparticles.