Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Characterization of Gicerin/MUC18/CD146 in the rat nervous system

Gicerin is a cell adhesion molecule of an immunoglobulin (Ig) superfamily isolated from a chicken. It shows homophilic and heterophilic binding activities and has two isoforms. s‐Gicerin which has small cytoplasmic domain and the same extracellular domain as l‐gicerin shows stronger cell adhesion activity. In the chick nervous system, gicerin expression is only observed in the developmental stage when neurons extend neurites and migrate. In other tissues, gicerin participates in the tissue regeneration or oncogenesis. In this report, we identified two isoforms of rat gicerin corresponding to chicken and we concluded that gicerin is a homologue of human CD146/MUC18/MCAM. Next we generated antibody to characterize a rat gicerin in the nervous system. Gicerin is expressed in the hippocampal cells, Purkinje cells, and sensory neurons of a spinal chord of an adult rat, while expressed most abundantly in the lung. In addition to this, its expression in the hippocampus was increased by electroconvulsive shock, suggesting some role in the mature nervous system. And we also showed neurite promotion activity of gicerin from hippocampal neurons. J. Cell. Physiol. 198: 377–387, 2004© 2003 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Reciprocal Regulation of Mitochondrial Dynamics and Calcium Signaling in Astrocyte Processes

We recently showed that inhibition of neuronal activity, glutamate uptake, or reversed-Na+/Ca2+-exchange with TTX, TFB-TBOA, or YM-244769, respectively, increases mitochondrial mobility in astrocytic processes. In the present study, we examined the interrelationships between mitochondrial mobility and Ca2+ signaling in astrocyte processes in organotypic cultures of rat hippocampus. All of the treatments that increase mitochondrial mobility decreased basal Ca2+. As recently reported, we observed spontaneous Ca2+ spikes with half-lives of ∼1 s that spread ∼6 μm and are almost abolished by a TRPA1 channel antagonist. Virtually all of these Ca2+ spikes overlap mitochondria (98%), and 62% of mitochondria are overlapped by these spikes. Although tetrodotoxin, TFB-TBOA, or YM-244769 increased Ca2+ signaling, the specific effects on peak, decay time, and/or frequency were different. To more specifically manipulate mitochondrial mobility, we explored the effects of Miro motor adaptor proteins. We show that Miro1 and Miro2 are both expressed in astrocytes and that exogenous expression of Ca2+-insensitive Miro mutants (KK) nearly doubles the percentage of mobile mitochondria. Expression of Miro1KK had a modest effect on the frequency of these Ca2+ spikes but nearly doubled the decay half-life. The mitochondrial proton ionophore, FCCP, caused a large, prolonged increase in cytosolic Ca2+ followed by an increase in the decay time and the spread of the spontaneous Ca2+ spikes. Photo-ablation of mitochondria in individual astrocyte processes has similar effects on Ca2+. Together, these studies show that Ca2+ regulates mitochondrial mobility, and mitochondria in turn regulate Ca2+ signals in astrocyte processes. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT In neurons, the movement and positioning of mitochondria at sites of elevated activity are important for matching local energy and Ca2+ buffering capacity. Previously, we demonstrated that mitochondria are immobilized in astrocytes in response to neuronal activity and glutamate uptake. Here, we demonstrate a mechanism by which mitochondria are immobilized in astrocytes subsequent to increases in intracellular [Ca2+] and provide evidence that mitochondria contribute to the compartmentalization of spontaneous Ca2+ signals in astrocyte processes. Immobilization of mitochondria at sites of glutamate uptake in astrocyte processes provides a mechanism to coordinate increases in activity with increases in mitochondrial metabolism.
Hands on learning: the use of simulated clients in intervention cases.

Standardized patients assist with the education of medical, physical therapy and nursing students. However, the literature does not discuss the use of these learning experiences with occupational therapy students. This article describes the use of standardized clients in a simulation learning experiences and the responses of occupational therapy students to the instructional modality. Qualitative data was analyzed and resulted in the following themes: "I felt like a therapist," "I integrated knowledge and applied my skills with the help of my partner," and "The experience could be enhanced. " On a survey, students rated the live simulated learning experience higher than all other instructional methods presented. Included are recommendations for structuring activities using simulated clients and future research.
Developmentally regulated expression of Netrin‐1 and ‐3 in the embryonic mouse molar tooth germ

The Netrins form a small, conserved family of laminin‐related signaling proteins regulating axon guidance in the developing nervous system. Here, we analyzed the roles of Netrin‐1 and ‐3 in trigeminal axon guidance to the first lower molar of the embryonic mouse. Netrin‐1 showed a restricted epithelial expression domain buccal to the tooth germ, toward which the pioneer tooth axons initially appear to navigate. Later, before birth, transcripts were colocalized with nerve fibers around the bell stage tooth germ. Analysis of Netrin‐1–deficient mice, however, did not reveal any obvious disturbances in the axon growth or pattern of tooth innervation. In contrast, Netrin‐3 showed a prominent, distinct expression in the axon pathway and target field mesenchyme around the tooth. Hence, it is possible that Netrin‐3 may regulate pioneer axon growth toward and within the embryonic tooth target field. Developmental Dynamics 227:573–577, 2003. © 2003 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Naturwissenschaftliche Kompetenz von PISA 2006 bis PISA 2009

Diesem Kapitel liegen im Wesentlichen drei Fragestellungen zugrunde: Zunachst wird die naturwissenschaftliche Kompetenz funfzehnjahriger Schulerinnen und Schuler in Deutschland international eingeordnet. Hierzu werden die Ergebnisse fur Deutschland mit denen anderer Staaten verglichen. Neben dem Vergleich von Mittelwerten und Streuungen liegt ein besonderes Augenmerk auf der Verteilung der Schulerinnen und Schuler auf die Stufen naturwissenschaftlicher Kompetenz sowie auf Kompetenzunterschieden zwischen Madchen und Jungen. Eine zweite Fragestellung beschaftigt sich vertiefend mit Unterschieden in der naturwissenschaftlichen Kompetenz zwischen den Bildungsgangen in Deutschland. Schlieslich wird in einer dritten Fragestellung untersucht, wie sich die naturwissenschaftliche Kompetenz der Schulerinnen und Schuler seit PISA 2000 und insbesondere seit PISA 2006 verandert hat. Nach einer Einfuhrung in den theoretischen Hintergrund wird zunachst die Testkonzeption beschrieben. Im anschliesenden Ergebnisteil werden die Befunde des internationalen Vergleichs sowie der vertiefenden Analysen fur Deutschland berichtet. Dabei wird die Verteilung der Schulerinnen und Schuler auf die Stufen der naturwissenschaftlichen Kompetenz dargestellt, es wird auf Geschlechterdifferenzen eingegangen sowie die naturwissenschaftliche Kompetenz in Abhangigkeit vom Bildungsgang besprochen. Mit den Veranderungen in der naturwissenschaftlichen Kompetenz der Schulerinnen und Schuler befasst sich Abschnitt 6.3. 3. Das Kapitel schliest mit einer Bilanz und Diskussion der Befunde. (DIPF/Orig.)
Oligosaccharides of Hyaluronan Are Potent Activators of Dendritic Cells1

The extracellular matrix component hyaluronan (HA) exists physiologically as a high m.w. polymer but is cleaved at sites of inflammation, where it will be contacted by dendritic cells (DC). To determine the effects of HA on DC, HA fragments of different size were established. Only small HA fragments of tetra- and hexasaccharide size (sHA), but not of intermediate size (m.w. 80,000–200,000) or high m.w. HA (m.w. 1,000,000–600,000) induced immunophenotypic maturation of human monocyte-derived DC (up-regulation of HLA-DR, B7-1/2, CD83, down-regulation of CD115). Likewise, only sHA increased DC production of the cytokines IL-1β, TNF-α, and IL-12 as well as their allostimulatory capacity. These effects were highly specific for sHA, because they were not induced by other glycosaminoglycans such as chondroitin sulfate or heparan sulfate or their fragmentation products. Interestingly, sHA-induced DC maturation does not involve the HA receptors CD44 or the receptor for hyaluronan-mediated motility, because DC from CD44-deficient mice and wild-type mice both responded similarly to sHA stimulation, whereas the receptor for hyaluronan-mediated motility is not detectable in DC. However, TNF-α is an essential mediator of sHA-induced DC maturation as shown by blocking studies with a soluble TNFR1. These findings suggest that during inflammation, interaction of DC with small HA fragments induce DC maturation.
Perfil Profissional Requerido dos Contadores na Região Metropolitana de Belo Horizonte

O objetivo deste estudo foi identificar o perfil do profissional contabil requerido pelo mercado de trabalho da Regiao Metropolitana de Belo Horizonte, expresso nas ofertas publicas de anuncios de emprego. Para isso, foi realizada uma pesquisa descritiva e documental nas ofertas publicas de 736 vagas de emprego, divulgadas no site de recolocacao Indeed no segundo semestre de 2013 e nos tres primeiros meses de 2014. A analise dos dados revelou que a procura por profissionais da area contabil requer um conjunto amplo de competencias. Nao obstante, o estudo apontou que a demanda por individuos com perfil cujas caracteristicas sejam mais tecnicas e predominante para alguns niveis profissionais. Alem disso, observou-se que, na regiao estudada, a ideia do profissional com caracteristicas voltadas para o atendimento da legislacao e predominante ate o nivel tecnico. Ja para os niveis de chefia e gerencia, a demanda e por profissionais que apresentem habilidades gerenciais. Acredita-se que os resultados obtidos por esta pesquisa sejam uteis aos profissionais de Contabilidade, estudantes, Instituicoes de Ensino Superior e orgaos reguladores da profissao contabil. Para trabalhos futuros, sugere-se aplicar o mesmo procedimento deste estudo em outras regioes de igual importância economica nacional, para que seja possivel confrontar os diferentes perfis requeridos dos profissionais de Contabilidade no Brasil.
Inferring Approximated Models for Systems Engineering

Engineering safe and reliable systems demands rigorous approaches such as formal methods, using models. Since models are not always available, one needs to infer them from software artifacts. This paper defines a new inference approach for input-output systems that is based on FSM-based testing theory. Central to the approach is the notion of initial quotient of an FSM associated with a partial characterization set that controls the precision of this approximated model. The proposed method infers a model of a system under test by building increasingly precise quotients of it using counterexamples. Various experiments demonstrate its practical usability.
AGENDA SETTING EN EL PROCESO DE PAZ DE JUAN MANUEL SANTOS (OCTUBRE DE 2012 - MAYO DE 2014) EN ELTIEMPO.COM

Una vez iniciado el actual proceso de paz en Colombia, en octubre 18 de 2012, los medios de comunicacion desplegaron todo su equipo tecnologico y humano para el cubrimiento del mismo. A traves de los diferentes canales de informacion la audiencia accede a las noticias publicadas y establecidas por los medios, de tal forma que solo estan al tanto de los temas dados a conocer por los ultimos, especialmente de las publicaciones que se encuentran en el mundo virtual donde hay un flujo constante de contenidos. Este trabajo esta enfocado a analizar el tratamiento que eltiempo.com le ha dado a los diferentes acontecimientos y, por tanto, a las diferentes publicaciones que se han realizado sobre las negociaciones en La Habana, Cuba. Al revisar las publicaciones entre octubre de 2012 y mayo de 2014, se encontro que la mayoria de informacion sobre el proceso de paz se encuentra en la seccion politica, con un total de 80 textos publicados durante este periodo; esta cifra permitio realizar estadisticas de los generos periodisticos encontrados, la cantidad de informacion publicada por mes y de los autores, entre otros. Igualmente, se sacaron las tematicas de cada texto, encontrando que el proceso de paz ha sido presentado al publico como una agenda establecida por los medios (agenda setting), dando a conocer diferentes formas de ver la realidad por medio de marcos establecidos por los mismos medios (framing), evidenciados desde la ubicacion de las publicaciones en la seccion politica del medio, haciendo que los lectores categoricen el tema como algo netamente politico.
Aggressive flight of fixed-wing and quadrotor aircraft in dense indoor environments

In this paper, we describe trajectory planning and state estimation algorithms for aggressive flight of micro aerial vehicles in known, obstacle-dense environments. Finding aggressive but dynamically feasible and collision-free trajectories in cluttered environments requires trajectory optimization and state estimation in the full state space of the vehicle, which is usually computationally infeasible on realistic timescales for real vehicles and sensors. We first build on previous work of van Nieuwstadt and Murray and Mellinger and Kumar, to show how a search process can be coupled with optimization in the output space of a differentially flat vehicle model to find aggressive trajectories that utilize the full maneuvering capabilities of a quadrotor. We further extend this work to vehicles with complex, Dubins-type dynamics and present a novel trajectory representation called a “Dubins–Polynomial trajectory”, which allows us to optimize trajectories for fixed-wing vehicles. To provide accurate state estimation for aggressive flight, we show how the Gaussian particle filter can be extended to allow laser rangefinder localization to be combined with a Kalman filter. This formulation allows similar estimation accuracy to particle filtering in the full vehicle state but with an order of magnitude more efficiency. We conclude with experiments demonstrating the execution of quadrotor and fixed-wing trajectories in cluttered environments. We show results of aggressive flight at speeds of up to 8 m/s for the quadrotor and 11 m/s for the fixed-wing aircraft.
Impact de l’intoxication au Paraquat/Maneb et des déplétions sélectives des monoamines sur les systèmes moteur et circadien : Etude comportementale, biochimique et électrophysiologique dans le contexte de la maladie de Parkinson

La presente etude a investi les effets des lesions des systemes monoaminergiques surles fonctions motrices et non-motrices, y compris l’evaluation des comportements anxieux etdepressifs ainsi que les rythmes circadiens dans le contexte de la maladie de Parkinson (MP). D’abord, nous avons mis en place un modele animal approprie en utilisant une intoxication auParaquat/Maneb (PQ/MB) ou avec des lesions selectives des systemes monoaminergiques.Ensuite, nous avons caracterise les modeles en utilisant des approches comportementale,biochimique et electrophysiologique.Dans la premiere partie de cette etude, nous avons investi la validite du modele PQ/MB parevaluer les effets du PQ/MB sur : (1) l’activite locomotrice et la coordination motrice enutilisant les tests de l’Open Field et du Rotarod, (2) les comportements anxieux et depressif enutilisant les tests du labyrinthe en croix sureleve et de la nage forcee respectivement, (3)l’activite neuronale du noyau sous-thalamique en utilisant des enregistrements extracellulairesunitaires et (4) les concentrations tissulaires en dopamine, noradrenaline et serotonine dans lestriatum et le cortex frontal.Nos resultats montrent que les rats Sprague Dawley mâles ne sont pas sensibles de la memefacon au PQ/MB et que les deficits moteurs observes chez les animaux vulnerables ne sont passeulement le resultat d’une degenerescence des neurones dopaminergiques, mais pourraient etreaussi une consequence des problemes peripheriques. Neanmoins, les troubles non-moteursobserves chez les animaux de tous les groupes traites pourraient constituer une consequencedirecte de la depletion dopaminergique bilaterale.En se basant sur les resultats de la premiere partie, nous avons utilise le modele du rat 6-OHDApour investir les effets de degenerescence des cellules dopaminergique seule ou combinee avecles depletions noradrenergique et serotoninergique sur l’activite electrique des neurones dunoyau suprachiasmatique (SCN) en utilisant des enregistrements electrophysiologiquesextracellulaires. Le SCN est une structure cle impliquee dans le controle des rythmescircadiens. Nos resultats montrent pour la premiere fois que les depletions monoaminergiquessont a l’origine des changements dans l’activite electrique des neurones du SCN, apportant desresultats nouveaux qui suggerent que les changements dans la decharge electrique des SCN quiperturbent les rythmes circadiens font partie de la physiopathologie de la MP.
Matching and gain enhancement of leaky-wave dielectric horn antenna

By flaring a dielectric waveguide in the H-plane, an H-plane dielectric horn is formed, which could be directly excited by an SIW feed. However, matching and radiation performances are poor due to the thinness of the substrate. To improve these performances, some periodic parallel strips are printed both on the top and bottom planes of the dielectric horn. These strips guide and leak the electromagnetic waves gradually along the horn, finally enhancing the end-fire radiation both in H-plane and E-plane. Moreover, they increase the impedance bandwidth up to 40% in Ka-band, and improve the realized gain by more than 2 dB. Indeed, a gain of 14.9 dBi is achieved at the center frequency, with a front-to-back ratio of 33.8 dB, and a side-lobe level of -22.9 dB in the H-plane. With these quite impressive performances, the proposed leaky-wave dielectric horn antenna is very compact, low cost, and easily integrated.
Fully implantable Otologics MET Carina™ device for the treatment of sensorineural and mixed hearing loss: Audio-otological results

Abstract Conclusion: Our results attest that the Otologics MET Carina™ is a viable treatment for moderate to severe sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL) and for cases of mixed hearing loss, and that in selected cases it could represent an alternative to conventional hearing aids. Objectives: To describe our experience with the fully implantable Carina™ in eight adult patients, seven with moderate to severe SNHL and one with mixed hearing loss. Methods: Eight implanted adult patients were submitted to a comprehensive audiological evaluation. Results: We did not record any surgical relevant complication in any of the patients, nor any significant postoperative variation in hearing thresholds, for air conduction or bone conduction, indicating the absence of surgical damage to the cochlea. All the patients demonstrated improvements in speech perception abilities with the device functioning and reported subjective benefits. With regard to the postoperative adverse effects, we had problems with feedback noise, which resolved with minor fitting adjustments in seven cases, while it required a second surgery to change the microphone position in the other patient. In one case a minimal extrusion of the microphone cable occurred requiring a revision surgery, a device failure occurred in one case, requiring substitution, and one patient decided on explantation of the device owing to psychological problems.
Optimization of electrochemical performance of a solid oxide fuel cell using Artificial Neural Network

A neural network model is developed for prediction of solid oxide fuel cell performance. The back propagation algorithm is used for the cell voltage and power prediction. As the model is developed, the neural network model's prediction is presented and compared with the physical non-linear model results. Hence, the neural network structure based on the Levenberg Marquardt back propagation algorithm has been concluded to be more appropriate for modeling the dependencies of the non-linearity on the performance of solid oxide fuel cell.
Population, Culture History, and the Dynamics of Culture Change1

If archaeology is to succeed in explaining culture change, it must view the archaeological record from the perspective of cultural “descent with modification,” in so doing returning to many of the issues addressed by the culture‐history agenda rejected 30–40 years ago. This involves a consideration of the processes affecting cultural transmission. Many of these are strongly affected by the history of the biological populations in which cultural transmission occurs. It can be shown that prehistoric populations fluctuated much more than used to be thought and that these fluctuations can be hard to detect archaeologically. They can often be associated with cultural changes, and, in fact, the size of populations affects the nature of cultural processes in a variety of ways. These general points are illustrated with reference to a case study from the circum‐Alpine Neolithic, where dendrochronology provides high‐resolution dating.
CzEng: Czech-English Parallel Corpus release version 0.5

We introduce CzEng 0.5, a new Czech-English sentence-aligned parallel corpus consisting of around 20 million tokens in either language. The corpus is available on the Internet and can be used under the terms of license agreement for non-commercial educational and research purposes. Besides the description of the corpus, also preliminary results concerning statistical machine translation experiments based on CzEng 0.5 are presented.
Cell Surface Structures Influence Lung Clearance Rate of Systemically Infused Mesenchymal Stromal Cells

The promising clinical effects of mesenchymal stromal/stem cells (MSCs) rely especially on paracrine and nonimmunogenic mechanisms. Delivery routes are essential for the efficacy of cell therapy and systemic delivery by infusion is the obvious goal for many forms of MSC therapy. Lung adhesion of MSCs might, however, be a major obstacle yet to overcome. Current knowledge does not allow us to make sound conclusions whether MSC lung entrapment is harmful or beneficial, and thus we wanted to explore MSC lung adhesion in greater detail. We found a striking difference in the lung clearance rate of systemically infused MSCs derived from two different clinical sources, namely bone marrow (BM‐MSCs) and umbilical cord blood (UCB‐MSCs). The BM‐MSCs and UCB‐MSCs used in this study differed in cell size, but our results also indicated other mechanisms behind the lung adherence. A detailed analysis of the cell surface profiles revealed differences in the expression of relevant adhesion molecules. The UCB‐MSCs had higher expression levels of α4 integrin (CD49d, VLA‐4), α6 integrin (CD49f, VLA‐6), and the hepatocyte growth factor receptor (c‐Met) and a higher general fucosylation level. Strikingly, the level of CD49d and CD49f expression could be functionally linked with the lung clearance rate. Additionally, we saw a possible link between MSC lung adherence and higher fibronectin expression and we show that the expression of fibronectin increases with MSC culture confluence. Future studies should aim at developing methods of transiently modifying the cell surface structures in order to improve the delivery of therapeutic cells. STEM CELLS2013;31:317–326