Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A gene‐alteration profile of human lung cancer cell lines

Aberrant proteins encoded from genes altered in tumors drive cancer development and may also be therapeutic targets. Here we derived a comprehensive gene‐alteration profile of lung cancer cell lines. We tested 17 genes in a panel of 88 lung cancer cell lines and found the rates of alteration to be higher than previously thought. Nearly all cells feature inactivation at TP53 and CDKN2A or RB1, whereas BRAF, MET, ERBB2, and NRAS alterations were infrequent. A preferential accumulation of alterations among histopathological types and a mutually exclusive occurrence of alterations of CDKN2A and RB1 as well as of KRAS, epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), NRAS, and ERBB2 were seen. Moreover, in non‐small‐cell lung cancer (NSCLC), concomitant activation of signal transduction pathways known to converge in mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) was common. Cells with single activation of ERBB2, PTEN, or MET signaling showed greater sensitivity to cell‐growth inhibition induced by erlotinib, LY294002, and PHA665752, respectively, than did cells featuring simultaneous activation of these pathways, underlining the need for combined therapeutic strategies in targeted cancer treatments. In conclusion, our gene‐alteration landscape of lung cancer cell lines provides insights into how gene alterations accumulate and biological pathways interact in cancer. Hum Mutat 30,1–8, 2009. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Control of Crane Payloads That Bounce During Hoisting

Crane payloads exhibit unwanted motions such as swings, twists, and bounces that cause safety hazards and decrease performance. Numerous controllers have been developed to reduce payload swing. However, much less consideration has been given to bouncing in the vertical direction, which in some cases can also excite pitching of the payload. This dynamic effect most often arises when the payload is heavy and the suspension cables are long. This brief presents a mathematical model of a bouncing crane payload. Then, a method for generating commands to suppress the oscillations is developed and evaluated. Experiments on a tower crane demonstrate the improved performance provided by the proposed control method.
Pre-sleep cognitive activity: a comparison of sleep-onset insomniacs and good sleepers.

OBJECTIVE Pre-sleep cognitive activity has been implicated in the maintenance of sleep-onset insomnia. The present study aimed to investigate the focus of attention, content and characteristics of cognition during the pre-sleep period. METHOD A semi-structured clinician-administered interview designed to index the content of pre-sleep cognition was completed by individuals diagnosed with sleep-onset insomnia (N = 30) and good sleepers (N = 30). RESULT The pre-sleep cognitive activity of insomniacs could be distinguished from that of good sleepers by being more focused on worries, problems and noises in the environment, and less focused on 'nothing in particular'. In terms of content, the insomnia group were more likely to think about not sleeping or about something that had happened during the day. Insomniacs experienced their pre-sleep cognitive activity as more occupying, less intentional, for a longer duration, and as causing more difficulty with sleep onset compared to good sleepers. Pre-sleep imagery was reported at similar rates across diagnosis, but was more distressing and more likely to be associated with strong physical sensations for the insomniac group compared with the good sleeper group. CONCLUSION The present study provides a comprehensive investigation of pre-sleep cognitive activity and raises a number of areas for future research including monitoring of bodily sensations, imagery, problem-solving and non-active strategies in facilitating sleep onset.
The Prevalence of Migraine and Tension-Type Headache Among Schoolchildren in Kayseri, Turkey

This study aimed to determine the prevalence as well as psychosocial and demographic features of migraine and tension-type headache among school children between the ages of 7 and 17, and using the International Classification of Headache Disorders II. The study was conducted during the questionnaire phase and the interview phase. The prevalence of recurrent headache was 47.5%, whereas that of primary recurrent headache was 21%. The estimated prevalence rates of migraine and tension-type headache were 7.2% and 7.8%, respectively. Unilateral headache, throbbing-type headache, severe headache, and the severity of the headache with physical activity were specific for migraine. Headache was significantly higher in first-degree relatives of the children with migraine compared to the children with tension-type headache (P < .0001). We determined the prevalence rates of migraine and tension-type headache and revealed the characteristics as well as the psychosocial and demographic features of migraine and tension-type headache. Sensitivity, specificity, and multivariate analysis were also evaluated.
Reduced hardware architecture for energy-efficient IoT healthcare sensor nodes

Healthcare solutions through the introduction of wearable healthcare devices are benefitting from Internet of Things technology. Though these small form-factor wearable devices promise great benefits, guaranteeing long device operating lifetime is yet the biggest challenge due to high-energy consumption. In this paper, a reduced hardware architecture system-on-chip targeting digital block design was proposed higher energy efficiency. The design has been verified by synthesizing into FPGA and implemented in silicon based on Silterra 180nm process. Results show that the proposed design achieved reduction up to 24% of leakage power and 15% of dynamic power reduction over reference design. In addition, 24.3% of excessive area was reduced by using the proposed reduced hardware architecture technique.
VLSI architectures for the implementation of the Wigner distribution

The Wigner distribution is a valuable tool for time-frequency signal analysis. Two different VLSI architectures for the real-time implementation of the Wigner distribution algorithm are proposed in this paper, with the objective of pointing out various computational issues that are involved. Reduction of the computational load of the algorithm, as well as reduction of the memory requirements has been achieved mostly by applying simple trigonometric properties to the original expression of the algorithm. The addressing schemes to access the memory blocks are also proposed.
AmpC β-Lactamases

SUMMARY AmpC β-lactamases are clinically important cephalosporinases encoded on the chromosomes of many of the Enterobacteriaceae and a few other organisms, where they mediate resistance to cephalothin, cefazolin, cefoxitin, most penicillins, and β-lactamase inhibitor-β-lactam combinations. In many bacteria, AmpC enzymes are inducible and can be expressed at high levels by mutation. Overexpression confers resistance to broad-spectrum cephalosporins including cefotaxime, ceftazidime, and ceftriaxone and is a problem especially in infections due to Enterobacter aerogenes and Enterobacter cloacae, where an isolate initially susceptible to these agents may become resistant upon therapy. Transmissible plasmids have acquired genes for AmpC enzymes, which consequently can now appear in bacteria lacking or poorly expressing a chromosomal blaAmpC gene, such as Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, and Proteus mirabilis. Resistance due to plasmid-mediated AmpC enzymes is less common than extended-spectrum β-lactamase production in most parts of the world but may be both harder to detect and broader in spectrum. AmpC enzymes encoded by both chromosomal and plasmid genes are also evolving to hydrolyze broad-spectrum cephalosporins more efficiently. Techniques to identify AmpC β-lactamase-producing isolates are available but are still evolving and are not yet optimized for the clinical laboratory, which probably now underestimates this resistance mechanism. Carbapenems can usually be used to treat infections due to AmpC-producing bacteria, but carbapenem resistance can arise in some organisms by mutations that reduce influx (outer membrane porin loss) or enhance efflux (efflux pump activation).
The Emerging Roles of BNP and Accelerated Cardiac Protocols in Emergency Laboratory Medicine

BACKGROUND: The role of the clinical laboratory in emergency cardiac medicine is rapidly evolving; with recent redefinitions of acute myocardial infarction (AMI) and unstable angina (UA) based on troponin levels, recommended acceleration of cardiac testing protocols, and increased clinical measurement of B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP). We briefly review the background pathophysiology of acute coronary syndromes (ACS) and congestive heart failure (CHF), along with an overview of the biochemistry and physiology of the natriuretic peptides. METHODS: The assay principles and performance characteristics of the rapid BNP assays are discussed. The performance characteristics of troponin assays are at the center of controversy regarding the redefinition of AMI and UA, and will be discussed. RESULTS: We review the rapidly expanding evidence regarding the clinical utility of BNP for CHF patients. While BNP has gained wide acceptance as a rapid diagnostic tool, considerable controversy remains concerning its potential for prognosis, screening, and therapeutic monitoring. Although a thorough discussion of the use of cardiac markers is well beyond the scope of this review, overviews of the redefinitions of AMI and UA, and the trend toward accelerated testing protocols to obtain a quicker diagnosis or ruling-out of AMI are included. In addition to accelerating the retesting of existing markers, a recent test for ischemia modified albumin (IMA) promises another quantum leap in cardiac diagnoses. CONCLUSIONS: The positive impact of these developments on the healthcare costs and overall improvement in the quality of healthcare delivery will be discussed. A brief analysis of the downstream costs of BNP testing is also offered. ABBREVIATIONS: ACS = acute coronary syndromes; AMI = acute myocardial infarction; BNP = B-type natriuretic peptide; CHF = congestive heart failure; COPD = chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; ECG = electrocardiogram; ED = emergency department; hsCRP = high sensitivity C-reactive protein; IMA = ischemia modified albumin; LV = left ventricular; MI = myocardial infarction; NCAB = National Academy of Clinical Biochemists; NPV = negative predictive value; NYHA = New York Heart Association; PE = pulmonary embolism; RAAS = renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system; RV = right ventricular; UIA = unstable I angina.
Management and clinical outcomes in patients treated with apixaban vs warfarin undergoing procedures.

Using data from ARISTOTLE, we describe the periprocedural management of anticoagulation and rates of subsequent clinical outcomes among patients chronically anticoagulated with warfarin or apixaban. We recorded whether (and for how long) anticoagulant therapy was interrupted preprocedure, whether bridging therapy was used, and the proportion of patients who experienced important clinical outcomes during the 30 days postprocedure. Of 10 674 procedures performed during follow-up in 5924 patients, 9260 were included in this analysis. Anticoagulant treatment was not interrupted preprocedure 37.5% of the time. During the 30 days postprocedure, stroke or systemic embolism occurred after 16/4624 (0.35%) procedures among apixaban-treated patients and 26/4530 (0.57%) procedures among warfarin-treated patients (odds ratio [OR] 0.601; 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.322-1.120). Major bleeding occurred in 74/4560 (1.62%) procedures in the apixaban arm and 86/4454 (1.93%) in the warfarin arm (OR 0.846; 95% CI 0.614-1.166). The risk of death was similar with apixaban (54/4624 [1.17%]) and warfarin (49/4530 [1.08%]) (OR 1.082; 95% CI 0.733-1.598). Among patients in ARISTOTLE, the 30-day postprocedure stroke, death, and major bleeding rates were low and similar in apixaban- and warfarin-treated patients, regardless of whether anticoagulation was stopped beforehand. Our findings suggest that many patients on chronic anticoagulation can safely undergo procedures; some will not require a preprocedure interruption of anticoagulation. ARISTOTLE was registered at www.clinicaltrials. gov as #NCT00412984.
M viral RNA segment of bunyaviruses codes for two glycoproteins, G1 and G2

Tryptic peptide digests of the two viral glycoproteins (G1 and G2) of snowshow hare (SSH) virus, La Crosse, La Crosse (LAC) virus, and an SSH/LAC recombinant virus which has a large (L)/medium (M)/small (S) RNA segment genome composition of SSH/LAC/SSH were analyzed by ion-exchange column chromatography. The analyses prove that the M RNA species of bunyaviruses codes for the two viral glycoproteins.
Postsynaptic Receptors for Amyloid-β Oligomers as Mediators of Neuronal Damage in Alzheimer’s Disease

The neurotoxic effect of amyloid-β peptide (Aβ) over the central synapses has been described and is reflected in the decrease of some postsynaptic excitatory proteins, the alteration in the number and morphology of the dendritic spines, and a decrease in long-term potentiation. Many studies has been carried out to identify the putative Aβ receptors in neurons, and is still no clear why the Aβ oligomers only affect the excitatory synapses. Aβ oligomers bind to neurite and preferentially to the postsynaptic region, where the postsynaptic protein-95 (PSD-95) is present in the glutamatergic synapse, and interacts directly with the N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (NMDAR) and neuroligin (NL). NL is a postsynaptic protein which binds to the presynaptic protein, neurexin to form a heterophilic adhesion complex, the disruption of this interaction affects the integrity of the synaptic contact. Structurally, NL has an extracellular domain homolog to acetylcholinesterase, the first synaptic protein that was found to interact with Aβ. In the present review we will document the interaction between Aβ and the extracellular domain of NL-1 at the excitatory synapse, as well as the interaction with other postsynaptic components, including the glutamatergic receptors (NMDA and mGluR5), the prion protein, the neurotrophin receptor, and the α7-nicotinic acetylcholine receptor. We conclude that several Aβ oligomers receptors exist at the excitatory synapse, which could be the responsible for the neurotoxic effect described for the Aβ oligomers. The characterization of the interaction between Aβ receptors and Aβ oligomers could help to understand the source of the neurologic damage observed in the brain of the Alzheimer’s disease patients.
FSI Analysis of Microcantilevers Vibrating in Fluid Environment

Cantilever vibration in fluid environment is probably one of the most common Fluid Structure Interaction (FSI) problems in the field of Micro/Nano Electro Mechanical Systems (MEMS/NEMS). Usually the effect of fluid on cantilever oscillation is characterized in terms of mode resonance frequencies and quality factors (Qs), being those two physical quantities what is actually measured in the dynamic operation. In this work a new approach to the above FSI problem is proposed: modes Q factors and resonance frequencies in a viscous fluid environment are calculated through an eigenfrequency analysis thus avoiding time domain simulation as in all the previous works about a computational approach to the current problem. Besides a considerable reduction of the computational time, because of the frequency domain approach, our model demonstrates very high accuracy with respect both to analytical and experimental results.
A Fan Control System Base on Steady-State Visual Evoked Potential

Based on Steady State Visual Evoked Potential (SSVEP), a fan control system was designed and realized for the disabled to improve the rehabilitation environment. Four strategies were used in this system. Firstly, we used the visual stimuluses of different frequencies to produce the electroencephalogram (EEG), and the noises were removed from the EEG by wavelet reconstruction, and the control codes were extracted by fast Fourier transform. Secondly, the Android PAD was selected as the mobile control terminal and the developed APP was installed in the Android PAD. Thirdly, the EEG transmission from the acquision module to the mobile control terminal was realized by Bluetooth module. Finally, the start, end and rotation speeds of the fan leaves were controlled according to the EEG control codes from the SSVEP. The experimental results show that the system is stable and reliable. Compared with the similar system which used the LED or computer displayer graphics as their visual stimulus and used the personal computer as their control terminal, this SSVEP fan control system is more convenient and more portable.
Cloning and Characterization of A-kinase Anchor Protein 100 (AKAP100)

Differential localization of the type II cAMP-dependent protein kinase (PKA) is achieved by interaction of the regulatory subunit (RII) with A-kinase anchor proteins (AKAPs). Anchoring is a likely means to adapt PKA for regulation of cAMP-responsive events through colocalization of the kinase with preferred substrates. Using an interaction cloning strategy with an RIIα protein probe, we have identified a 655-amino acid protein (named AKAP100). Recombinant AKAP100, expressed in Escherichia coli, binds RIIα in a solid-phase overlay assay. The cellular and subcellular distribution of AKAP100 was analyzed by various methods. Northern blot analysis with the AKAP100 cDNA as a probe detected an 8-kilobase message in some human tissues including various brain regions; however, the message was predominately expressed in cardiac and skeletal muscle. Anti-AKAP100 antibodies confirmed expression in the rat cardiac and skeletal muscle cell lines, H9c2 and L6P, whereas immunohistochemical analysis revealed that AKAP100 was localized to the sarcoplasmic reticulum of both cell types. RII was also detected in these regions. AKAP100 was detected in preparations of RII purified from L6P cell extracts by cAMP-agarose affinity chromatography. Collectively, these results suggest that AKAP100 functions to maintain the type II PKA at the sarcoplasmic reticulum.
Early interim PET scan in Hodgkin lymphoma: Where do we stand?

Positron emission tomography using [18F]-fluoro-2-deoxy-d-glucose (FDG-PET) is an important tool for staging and treatment response assessment in malignant lymphomas. In Hodgkin lymphoma (HL), FDG-PET precisely predicts the therapy response when performed very early during standard ABVD chemotherapy. However, it is unclear whether FDG-PET retains this role if therapy is changed as a consequence of the scan, or if performed during a more intensive chemotherapy regimen such as BEACOPPesc, which is used for HL. This brief review presents the up-to-date evidence for the use and interpretation of early interim FDG-PET in HL, including recent preliminary results on early interim FDG-PET during BEACOPPesc therapy.
Classification of Chinese Herbal medicines based on SVM

Quantitative analysis of Chinese Herbal Medicines (CHMs) is important for quality consistency evaluation. However, due to various harvesting factors and plant processing it is a challenging task. This paper presents experimental-based evaluation of five kinds of herbs using an electronic tongue and support vector machine (SVM). It was found that the performance of SVM in classifying of these herbs was superior to other selected methods. The SVM was implemented by selecting a radial basis kernel function for data mapping and conducting a parameter optimization with the K-fold cross validation. The average accuracy of the final classification can reach to 96.67% and therefore, it is feasible to employ electronic tongue and SVM method for species identification of CHMs.
Intelligent disaster management system based on cloud-enabled vehicular networks

The importance of emergency response systems cannot be overemphasized today due to the many manmade and natural disasters in the recent years such as September 2001 and the recent Japan earthquake and tsunami disaster. The overall cost of the Japan disaster alone is estimated to have exceeded 300 billion USD. Transportation and telecommunications play a critical role in disaster response and management in order to minimize loss of human life, economic cost and disruptions. Our research is concerned with developing emergency response systems for disasters of various scales with a focus on transportation systems which exploit ICT developments. In this paper, we leverage Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITS) including VANETs (Vehicular Ad hoc Networks), mobile and Cloud computing technologies to propose an intelligent disaster management system. The system is intelligent because it is able to gather information from multiple sources and locations, including from the point of incident, and is able to make effective strategies and decisions, and propagate the information to vehicles and other nodes in real-time. The effectiveness of our system is demonstrated through modelling the impact of a disaster on a real city transport environment and comparing it with the case where our disaster management system was in place. We report great benefits derived from the adoption of our proposed system in terms of improved and balanced traffic flow and smooth evacuation.
Translational phases of evidence in a prognostic biomarker: a systematic review and meta-analysis of natriuretic peptides and the prognosis of stable coronary disease

Context Translational phases of study are important in evaluating whether a prognostic biomarker is likely to have impact on clinical practice but systematic evaluations of such evidence are lacking. Objective To systematically evaluate the clinical usefulness of the published literature on the association of natriuretic peptides (NP) and prognosis in stable coronary disease. Data sources MEDLINE and EMBASE until the end of July 2009, without restrictions. Study selection Prospective studies measuring NP in people with stable coronary disease who were followed-up for all cause mortality, coronary or cardiovascular events. Data extraction Two independent reviewers categorised studies according to the American Heart Association phase of study, and extracted data according to the study reporting guidelines from the American Heart Association and REMARK. Results Systematic review of 19 studies found 17 which were phase 2, reporting an association between NP and events, two phase 3 studies, statistically examining the incremental prognostic value of NP, but no studies assessing whether NP predicted risk sufficiently to change management (phase 4), improve clinical outcomes (phase 5) or cost effectiveness (phase 6). No study referred to a statistical analytic protocol. Meta-analysis of 14 studies, reporting 18 841 patients and 1655 outcome events, found an RR for events of 3.28 (95% CI 2.45 to 4.38) comparing top versus bottom third of NP. This effect was 26% lower among the five studies which adjusted for a priori confounders (age, sex, renal function and left ventricular function) and 38% lower when adjusting for publication bias (Egger's p=0.001). Conclusion The unbiased strength of association of NP with prognosis in stable coronary disease is unclear, and there is a lack of reports of clinically useful measures of prediction and discrimination or studies relating NP levels to clinical decision making. The available literature is confined to early phases and is of limited clinical usefulness.