Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Linear and nonlinear mechanisms within a forced plane wall jet

A forced plane wall jet (PWJ) is used as the model flow field to study the linear and nonlinear interactions within complex wall-bounded flows. Large-scale, large-amplitude forcing is used to isolate an energy-transfer pathway within the flow. The direction of this transfer is a forward or inverse cascade, depending on the streamwise location. It is also interpreted that the PWJ naturally transfers energy from the near-wall boundary-layer structures to the outer free-shear-layer structures.
Evaluation of functional and Radiological outcome of anterior spinal decompression and stabilisation in the thoracolumbar potts’s spine: A prospective study

Background: Spine is one of the intriguing regions in orthopaedics where the treatment of pathology has drawn much controversy. Common pathologies affecting spine are trauma, infection and malignancy. Among infections, tuberculosis is most common in vertebral body. The advent of effective combination chemotherapy and surgical intervention has drastically changed the management and the results of the disease. Methods and Materials: We prospectively analyzed 12 patients with thoracolumbar tuberculosis with neurological deficit treated with chemotherapy for 18 months and treated with anterior decompression and stabilization with mass Miami system with iliac crest bone graft. All patients were followed up for a minimum of 2 years and the outcome was analyzed using frankel’s grading for neurological assessment, Dennis pain and work scale for post-operative pain and ability to return to their previous work. Result: In this study we operated twelve patients. Mean age of the patient was 40 years, There were 9 paradiscal and 3 central presentations. Post operatively all the patients improved by at least one grade according to Frankel’s grading system. Post operatively 10 patients (83.4%) recovered to Frankel grade E and 2 patients (16.6%) recovered to Frankel grade D. As per Dennis pain Scale, Post operatively 8 patients (75%) had complete pain relief and 4 patients (25%) required occasional medication for pain relief. According to Dennis work scale, post operatively 83.4% patients were able to return to their previous employment (sedentary) and none of the patients were completely disabled. Conclusion: Following middle path regimen, and using anterior approach for spinal decompression and stabilization along with iliac graft when indicated aided in early neurological recovery and return to work with minimal or no residual pain.
Postoperative analgesia after arthroscopic anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction: A comparison between intra-articular ropivacaine injection and adductor canal block, A prospective cohort study

Background: Postoperative pain in arthroscopic acl reconstruction causing delay in rehabilitation protocol resulting in significant morbidity.opiod medications may have significant pain control but systemic adverse effects are of main concern. Delivering Ropivacaine either intraarticularly or by saphenous nerve block in adductor canal will reduce systemic adverse effects or are more effective in pain control.our study focuses on comparing effectiveness of adductor canal block versus intraarticular injection of ropivacaine in postoperative pain control. Materials and Methods: 60 patients undergoing arthroscopic acl reconstruction by same operating surgeon under spinal anaesthesia are divided into three groups. group A patients were given adductor canal block with 30 ml 0.2 % ropivaciane under ultrasound guidance postoperatively, group B patients were given intraarticular injection with 30 ml 0.2 % ropivaciane postoperatively, group c or control patients receiving routine analgesia. Visual Analogue Score (VAS), Amount of morphine consumption,post op knee range of movement achieved was recorded at intervals of 6, 12, 24, 48 hours after the procedure. Results: The intraatrticular group, adductor canal block had lower vas at 6,12,24 hours (p 0.05) compared to control group. The intraaticular group required 30mg less total morphine consumption compared to control group at 48 hours,required 10mg less total morphine consumption compared to adductor canal block at 48 hours.post op knee rom improved in both the groups compared to control group (p >0.05) but statistically not significant. Conclusion: Both Intraarticular ropivacaine injection & adductor canal block are equally efficacious in pain control during first 24 hours after arthroscopic acl reconstruction compared to control group. However intraarticular injection group requires less amount of morphine consumption than adductor canal block group Because intraarticular injection is easy and does not require technical expertise as in nerve blocks and also does not require special equipment like ultrasound, So we recommend intraarticular ropivacaine injection as an effective pain control solution for postoperative pain control in arthroscopic ACL reconstruction.
Practices of Housing Production in Albania in the 1990s and 2000s: Leading Social Integration Processes?

From 1945 until 1989, housing production in Albania was under state control (Aliaj, 2003). Private property was abolished, land was nationalized, while the right to use land assets was subject to strict conditions. State managed the existing housing stock, regulated access to housing and implemented largescale housing programs in order to meet the needs emerging from the various destructions caused during World War II and the post-war urbanization. Just like other East European and Balkan countries (Andrusz, 1996; Tosics et al., 2001; Lowe and Tsenkova, 2003; Hamilton et al., 2005) the end of state socialism in 1989 and the transition to a free-market economy have fostered wide changes in housing in Albania (UNECE, 2002; Aliaj, 2003; Vatavali, 2017); these changes are directly related to the significance urban land and housing have acquired during the last decades in global economy and to the recent redefinition of the social role of housing (Harvey, 2010; Hodkinson, 2012; Madden and Marcuse, 2016; Rolnik, 2019). The collapse of agricultural and industrial production, rapid urbanization and massive emigration (King et al., 2005) in combination with reforms in land property and spatial planning (World Bank, 2006) made the ground instable for economic and social development and led to construction boom and to an intensive activity on the housing market. Apart from sheltering, housing became the main asset of households and high homeownership rates (93% according to the National Census in 2011) providing security to large segments of the population (Aliaj, Centre for Research on Settlements and Urbanism
Iterative Learning Control for Singular Network Control System with Time-Delay and Data Dropout

Since the object becomes more and more complicated and the existed data dropout and network-introduced time-delay are random and varying in network control system (NCS), the traditional control method is more and more difficult to obtain a good control effect. In this paper, the iterative learning control (ILC) issue for a class of linear continuous singular network control system (SNCS) with time-delay and data dropout is investigated. According to the λ norm and expectation algorithm, the convergence condition of the system is derived. At last, simulation example shows the effectiveness and superiority of the presented method.
Travel with Your Mobile Data Plan: A Location-Flexible Data Service

Mobile Network Operators (MNOs) provide wireless data services based on a tariff data plan with a month data cap. Traditionally, the data cap is only valid for domestic data consumption and users have to pay extra roaming fees for overseas data consumption. A recent location-flexible service allows the user to access the domestic data cap in overseas locations (by configuring location-flexibility with a daily fee). This paper studies the economic effect of the location-flexibility on the overseas market. The overseas market comprises users who travel overseas within the month, thus is monthly variant. Each user decides his joint flexibility configuration and data consumption (J-FCDC) every day. The user’s J-FCDC problem is an on-line payoff maximization. We analyze its off-line problem (which is NP-hard) and design an on-line strategy with provable performance. Moreover, we propose a pricing policy for the location-flexible service without relying on the market statistic information. We find that the location-flexibility induces users to consume more data in low-valuation days, and the MNO benefits from stimulating users’ data consumption through an appropriate pricing. Numerical results based on empirical data show that the location-flexibility improves the MNO’s revenue by 18% and the users’ payoffs by 12% on average.
Design and development of innovative FBG-based fiber optic sensors for aerospace applications

In recent years aeronautical systems are becoming increasingly complex, as they are often required to perform various functions. New intelligent systems are required capable of self-monitoring their operation parameters, able to estimate their health status, and possibly perform diagnostic or prognostic functions. For these purposes, these systems frequently need to acquire several different signal types; although it is sometimes possible to implement virtual sensor techniques, it is usually necessary to implement dedicated sensing hardware. On the other hand, the installation of the required sensors can, however, significantly increase the complexity, the weight, the costs and the failure rate of the entire system. To overcome these drawbacks, new types of optical sensors, minimally invasive for measuring the system parameters and having a high spatial resolution and a minimum added complexity are now available. Fiber Bragg Gratings (FBGs) sensors are suitable for measuring various technical parameters in static and dynamic mode and meet all these requirements. In aerospace, they can replace several traditional sensors, both in structural monitoring and in other system applications, including mechatronic systems diagnostics and prognostics. This work reports the results of our experimental research aimed at evaluating and validating different FBG installation solutions such as deformation, bending, vibration, and temperature sensors. These were compared with numerical simulations results and measurements performed with traditional strain gauges and accelerometers.
Faktor Keputusan Pembelian Konsumen Online Marketplace Indonesia

Studi tentang faktor yang mempengaruhi keputusan pembelian konsumen online di online marketplace dilakukan untuk mengukur bagaimana dampak faktor tersebut terhadap keputusan pembelian konsumen. Tujuan dari studi ini adalah untuk mengetahui signifikansi dari elemen-elemen pembentuk keputusan pembelian konsumen yang mencakup logistik digital, integritas online, desain website, pemasaran digital, dan alternatif kontak merek/vendor. Penelitian ini akan menggunakan metode kuantitatif dikarenakan penelitian ini berupaya untuk menguji hipotesis terkait suatu fenomena dengan mengetahui hubungan dari faktor-faktor online marketplace apa saja yang memengaruhi keputusan pembelian konsumen online. Teknik yang digunakan dalam studi ini adalah regresi berganda. Analisis Regresi Berganda digunakan untuk mengetahui seberapa besar pengaruh variabel bebas yaitu: Logistik Digital (X1), Pemasaran Digital (X2), Integritas Online (X3), Alternatif Kontak Vendor/Merek (X4), dan Desain Website (X5) terhadap variabel terikat yaitu, keputusan pembelian konsumen online (Y). Hasil pengolahan data menunjukkan dari lima variabel bebas yang diteliti, hanya variabel Integritas Online yang memiliki pengaruh signifikan terhadap variabel terikat Keputusan Pembelian Konsumen Online. Faktor yang paling dominan di dalam penelitian ini terkait Integritas Online adalah jaminan keamanan dalam transaksi dan pilihan alternatif pembayaran yang beragam, dimana >90% responden mengatakan setuju dan sangat setuju bahwa kedua faktor tersebut merupakan faktor yang penting dalam mempengaruhi keputusan pembelian konsumen secara online.
Application Analysis of 5G Communication in Power System

In 2019, State Grid Corporation of China (SGCC) proposed the strategic goal of building and developing a strong smart power grid and ubiquitous power Internet of things. Smart power grid and ubiquitous power Internet of things involve massive information interaction in power system, which cannot be separated from the support of advanced communication technology. 5G communication system integrates advanced network technology, and has the advantages of high resource utilization, fast transmission rate and high spectrum utilization. Compared with existing 4G communication systems, it has a great improvement in user experience, transmission delay and coverage. In this paper, we take the application of 5G communication system in power system as the main research content, discuss various wireless communication application scenarios in power system, and analyze the feasibility of 5G communication to support the ubiquitous power Internet of things construction in terms of key technologies and application costs of 5G communication. However, the energy consumption and security of 5G communication system are still major factors that limit its application in the ubiquitous power Internet of things, and these problems need to be fully paid attention to by researchers.
The Predictive Role of New Markers in Early Diagnosis of Acute Kidney Injury in Patients with Acute Pancreatitis

Objective: Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) is a serious early complication that significantly increases the mortality rate in patients with acute pancreatitis (AP). AKI can improve with an early diagnosis and appropriate treatment protocols. We aimed to evaluate the role of IL-6, IL-18, NGAL, IL-1β, TNF-α, Cys-C and KIM-1 in serum and IL-18 in urine in the early detection of AKI in patients with AP. Materials and Methods: Fifty-six patients, who were diagnosed with AP and underwent standard treatment, between July 2011 and December 2013, were included in the study. Patients were sampled for markers at admission and discharge, or when the patients died. Patients were grouped by presence or absence of AKI. Results: The mean age of the cases was 56.41 ± 20.23 (17 - 91), of which 21 (37.5%) of the cases were male and 35 (62.5%) were female. AKI was detected in 13 (23.2%) patients. The Cys-C level was significantly higher in AKI patients (at hospitalization p < 0.01). Cys-C levels at hospitalization were significantly higher than discharge levels (p < 0.05). Serum KIM-1 level of patients with AKI was higher than the patients without AKI during admission (p < 0.05). There was a positive correlation between serum KIM-1 and creatinine, but a negative correation between GFR and spot urine amylase/creatinine ratio during AKI patients’ admission (respectively; p < 0.05, p < 0.05, p < 0.05). Conclusion: In this study, Cys-C and KIM-1 proved to be statistically significant to predict AKI in patients with AP. However further studies are required to support these conclusions.
Carsickness-based design and development of a controller for autonomous vehicles to improve the comfort of occupants

It is anticipated that passengers in autonomous vehicles will be more occupied with in-vehicle activities. Loss of the authority on driving and engaging in non-driving tasks could cause lower predictability of car motions. This decrease in predictability is expected to increase the sensitivity to carsickness. It appears that it is crucial to develop controllers for autonomous driving with the capability of improving passenger comfort by reducing carsickness. In this regard, it can be asked how the motion variables can be used for the minimization of a carsickness-related measure, while the vehicle is required to follow a given path. In this study, an optimal control approach is being proposed to minimize a quantitative measure of carsickness. In order to address carsickness during autonomous maneuvers, the well-known motion sickness dose value formulation in ISO 2631-1 is augmented with horizontal direction motion components to define a performance measure. The performance measure includes the motion sensed in vestibular system rather than the motion occurring in the vehicle itself. Therefore, mathematical model of the vestibular system is included in the design of controller. Effects of acceleration and jerk are included in performance measure simultaneously. Control oriented linear parameter varying vehicle model is developed to design the path following controller. By means of simulation studies in which path following control is implemented, motion sickness dose values of the controlled vehicle are examined. It is shown by a regular lane change test at various speeds that the proposed controller, which seeks the minimization of the motion sickness dose value, achieves a reduction of the acceleration and jerk felt by a passenger, while the vehicle follows the given path.
ROPminer: Learning-Based Static Detection of ROP Chain Considering Linkability of ROP Gadgets

SUMMARY Return-oriented programming (ROP) has been crucial for attackers to evade the security mechanisms of recent operating systems. Although existing ROP detection approaches mainly focus on host-based intrusion detection systems (HIDSes), network-based intrusion detection systems (NIDSes) are also desired to protect various hosts including IoT devices on the network. However, existing approaches are not enough for network-level protection due to two problems: (1) Dynamic approaches take the time with second-or minute-order on average for inspection. For applying to NIDSes, millisecond-order is required to achieve near real time detection. (2) Static approaches generate false positives because they use heuristic patterns. For applying to NIDSes, false positives should be minimized to suppress false alarms. In this paper, we propose a method for statically detecting ROP chains in malicious data by learning the target libraries (i.e., the libraries that are used for ROP gadgets). Our method accelerates its inspection by exhaustively collecting feasible ROP gadgets in the target libraries and learning them separated from the inspection step. In addition, we reduce false positives inevitable for existing static inspection by statically verifying whether a suspicious byte sequence can link properly when they are executed as a ROP chain. Experimental results showed that our method has achieved millisecond-order ROP chain detection with high precision. key words: return-oriented programming, static detection, machine learning
Plasma electrolytic oxidation of titanium

Plasma electrolytic oxidation is used to prepare corrosion- and wear-resistant coatings on light metals. The extensive literature reports on coatings formed under a wide range of different electrical regimes and in diverse electrolyte compositions. However, little work is available that investigates systematically PEO of titanium under a range of electrical variables in a particular electrolyte. In the present work, coatings are formed in a silicate electrolyte under a range of current densities, duty cycles and rates of positive to negative current density. The coatings were found to contain anatase, rutile and amorphous silicate-rich material, with comparatively minor influences of the PEO parameters. Further, coatings were limited in thickness to 40 ? m due to a decrease in voltage and intensity of sparks at longer treatment times. The coatings were relatively soft with poor wear- and corrosion- resistances, and a high coefficient of friction although the last could be reduced by incorporation of PTFE particles into the coating.The study also investigates coatings formed in aluminate-phosphate based electrolytes, which generated wear-resistant and corrosion-resistant coatings of increased hardness. A focus was on the use of high-resolution electron microscopy, which has not been reported previously, to determine the details of the coating composition and structure. The findings revealed the distribution of coating species, showing an aluminum-rich outer layer and a titanium-rich inner layer, with phosphorus enriched in a band near the base of the coating. However, the coatings also revealed highly localized variations in composition within their noanocrystalline structures, due to the melting and rapid solidification of the coating material. The study also examined the role of electrolyte purity on the formation and properties of the coatings, which has not been examined elsewhere. Importantly chlorine species from the lower purity electrolyte were shown to enrich near the substrate, resulting in a cracked interfacial layer and reduced adhesion of the coating. Such observations may account for reports of poor coating adhesion in the literature. Further, a reduced purity of the electrolyte results in an erratic voltage response, due to cycles of mechanical breakdown and healing of the coating, with high levels of chloride resulting in a highly porous coating. The distributions of phosphorus and chlorine species within the coatings suggest that these species migrate inwards, with chlorine species migrating faster than phosphorus species.
High-resolution spatial distribution of pCO2 in the coastal Southern Ocean in late spring

Abstract We present a high-resolution spatial study of ocean surface carbon dioxide partial pressure (pCO2), temperature and salinity coupled with a seismic survey performed in subpolar waters with a variable presence of glaciers along the coastal margins of Admiralty Bay and the Bransfield Strait, northern Antarctic Peninsula, during the late spring season. Three zones were identified in this bay. The shallow and relatively fresh SHALLOW GLACIER THAW zone in the inner portion of the bay had high freshwater inputs from active glacial meltwater channels, representing higher pCO2 levels (median ~438 μatm) than the shallow and relatively salty SHALLOW zone without glaciers along the margins and dominated by macroalgae communities at the bottom, which showed relatively low pCO2 levels (median ~371 μatm). The deep and relatively salty CENTRE zone was highly influenced by seawater intrusions from the Bransfield Strait, representing intermediate pCO2 levels (median ~397 μatm). The net sea-air CO2 fluxes in late spring obtained from the high-resolution surface survey in Admiralty Bay indicate a condition of near neutral air-sea CO2 flux, with a median (25–75% interquartile range) value of -0.07 mmol m-2 day-1 (ranging from -12.21 to +4.33 mmol m-2 day-1), contrasting with the slight source to the atmosphere estimated from measurements only in the CENTRE zone. This finding suggests that temperature-sensitive metabolic and physical-chemical processes may cause significant variability in the ocean surface distribution of CO2 over short shoreline distances in the northern Antarctic Peninsula.