Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A Pathologic and Toxicologic Evaluation of Veal Calves Fed Large Amounts of Zinc

Tissues were examined from 26 male Holstein veal calves given large amounts of dietary zinc. All calves had been fed 706 μg zinc/g of milk replacer for 28 days before the first death occurred. Calves died naturally (14, group A) or were euthanatized (12, group B) after 23 days of feeding a lower concentration of zinc (150 μg/g). Average amounts of zinc in liver (wet weight) were 345.72 μg/g (group A) and 344.84 μg/g (group B). Mean kidney zinc concentrations were 219.0 μg/g (group A) and 252.38 μg/g (group B). Tissue manganese, copper, and iron levels were normal. Changes at necropsy included pneumonia, fluid digesta, and petechiae and infarcts in liver, kidney, and heart (as a result of bacterial infections). Histological changes that were directly attributed to dietary zinc intake were: marked atrophy and necrosis of pancreatic acinar tissue (group A); multifocal fibrosis of pancreatic acini (group B); multifocal renal cortical fibrosis with necrosis in convoluted tubules and loops of Henle, and with intratubular mineralization (groups A and B). Hepatic midzonal mineralization and fibrosis of the adrenal zona glomerulosa were seen in group B calves.
Adhésion des médecins généralistes de Haute-Garonne au test immunologique dans le dépistage du cancer colorectal

Introduction : le cancer colo-rectal (CCR) est le deuxieme cancer le plus mortel en France. Le taux de participation au depistage reste inferieur aux recommandations europeennes fixees a 45%. En 2015, un nouveau test de depistage immunologique, plus sensible a ete introduit, afin d'augmenter le taux de participation. Le medecin generaliste (MG) est un acteur incontournable de ce depistage. L'objectif principal etait de determiner si les MG de Haute-Garonne prescrivaient plus frequemment le test immunologique que le test Hemoccult II(r) et de comparer leur perception de prescription a leur prescription reelle. Methode : Il s'agit d'une etude retrospective, menee en deux parties, en Haute-Garonne. Une partie des donnees est issue d'un questionnaire envoye aux MG installes du departement. L'autre partie des donnees est extraite de la base de donnee de la structure de gestion du depistage organise du cancer en Haute-Garonne (DOC 31) pour les medecins repondant au questionnaire. Resultats : le taux de participation etait de 33,2 %, et 554 MG ont ete inclus. Pres de 78 % des MG declarent avoir plus de facilite a convaincre les patients a participer au depistage depuis l'arrivee du test immunologique. Plus de 95,6 % des medecins de notre etude ont reellement prescrit plus de tests immunologiques que de tests Hemoccult II(r). En moyenne 29 tests immunologiques de plus sont prescrits par medecin par rapport a l'Hemoccult II(r). Conclusion : les MG declarent et prescrivent effectivement plus le test immunologique que le test Hemoccult II(r). Le test immunologique permet une meilleure adhesion du MG au depistage.
Effect of malnutrition after acute stroke on clinical outcome.

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Malnutrition has received little attention in acute stroke, although it represents a risk of decreased immunity and nosocomial infections. Our objectives were to determine the prevalence of malnutrition after 1 week of hospitalization in acute stroke and to establish its relation to the stress response and neurological outcome. METHODS The study included 104 patients with an acute stroke of less than 24 hours' duration. Nutritional parameters (triceps skinfold thickness, midarm muscle circumference, serum albumin, and calorimetry) were evaluated at admission and after 1 week. Stress response (free urinary cortisol) was measured daily during the first week. Neurological deficit was evaluated by the Canadian Stroke Scale. Clinical outcome was estimated by the Barthel Index 1 month after the acute stroke. Patients received an oral standard diet or polymeric enteral nutrition when they had swallowing difficulties. RESULTS Protein-energy malnutrition was observed in 16.3% of patients at inclusion and in 26.4% after the first week, with a significant decrease in fat (P = .002) and visceral protein compartments (P = .049). Malnourished patients showed higher stress reaction and increased frequency of infections and bedsores in comparison with the appropriately nourished group. Multiple logistic regression analysis showed that malnutrition after 1 week (odds ratio, 3.5; 95% confidence interval, 1.2 to 10.2) and elevated free urinary cortisol (odds ratio, 3.3; confidence interval, 1.05 to 10.2) increased the risk of poor outcome (death or Barthel Index < or = 50 on the 30th day of follow-up) independently of age and nutritional status at admission. CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggest that protein-energy malnutrition after acute stroke is a risk factor for poor outcome. Early appropriate enteral caloric feeding did not prevent malnutrition during the first week of hospitalization.
Optimal disturbance rejection via integral sliding mode control for uncertain systems in regular form

This paper considers the problem of using an integral sliding mode strategy to reduce the disturbance terms acting on nonlinear systems in regular form. It is proved that the definition of a suitable sliding manifold and the generation of sliding modes upon it can guarantee the minimization of the disturbance terms. Simulation examples shows the effectiveness of the proposal.
Predicting Psychological Empowerment Among Service Workers: The Effect of Support-Based Relationships

Data from 292 service workers in 21 privateclubs show that supportive peer and customerrelationships are predictive of higher levels ofemployee experienced empowerment. Both organizationaland employee customer relationships accounted forsignificant variation in the dimensions of empowerment:meaningfulness, influence, and self-efficacy. Peerhelping and supportive customer relationships were thetwo most influential predictors of all threeempowerment dimensions. Implications for future researchand for management practice are discussed.
Neuroimaging of Developmental Psychopathologies: The Importance of Self‐Regulatory and Neuroplastic Processes in Adolescence

Abstract: Normal brain maturational and developmental processes, together with plastic reorganization of the brain in response to experiential demands, contribute to the acquisition of improved capacities for self‐regulation and impulse control during adolescence. The frontal lobe is a main focus for these developmental and plastic processes during the transition from adolescence into adulthood. Tourette syndrome (TS), defined as the chronic presence of motor and vocal tics, has been increasingly conceptualized as a disorder of impaired self‐regulatory control. This disordered control is thought to give rise to semicompulsory urges to perform the movements that constitute simple tics, complex tics, or compulsions. Neuroimaging studies suggest that the expression of the genetic diathesis to TS is influenced by genetic and nongenetic factors affecting activity‐dependent reorganization of neuroregulatory systems, thereby influencing the phenotype, illness severity, and adult outcome of tic disorders. Similar developmental processes during adolescence likely determine the phenotype and natural history of a broad range of other complex neuropsychiatric disorders of childhood onset, and they likely contribute to the acquisition of improved self‐regulatory capacities that characterize normal adolescent development.
Clinical program for screening and treatment of hypertension in veterans.

Hypertension clinics, in which primary care is provided by specially trained nonphysician therapists under physician supervision, can provide very effective and relatively inexpensive control of hypertension for large numbers of patients. Since 1972, 32 VA Hypertension Screening and Treatment Clinics have screened about 500,000 veterans, 29 percent of whom have had diastolic pressures of 90 mmHg or more and 13 percent of whom have had diastolic pressures of 105 mmHg or more. Of subjects who returned for a second visit, 77 percent continued to have diastolic pressures of 90 mmHg or more. Blacks had a higher percentage of severe hypertension than whites.Since treatment became available in these clinics in 1974, 25,000 veterans have been treated. Computerized data are available for 10,777 of them who began treatment during 1974, 1975, or 1976. Of those with at least five treatment visits during that period, half had diastolic pressures below 90 mmHg at their most recent visit, and 80 percent had diastolic pressures below 100 mmHg. Moreover visit adherence was high, with two thirds of those who began treatment in these clinics during their first six months of operation continuing that treatment for two and a half years.
Economic Evaluation of Telemedicine for Patients in ICUs*

Objective:Despite telemedicine’s potential to improve patients’ health outcomes and reduce costs in the ICU, hospitals have been slow to introduce telemedicine in the ICU due to high up-front costs and mixed evidence on effectiveness. This study’s first aim was to conduct a cost-effectiveness analysis to estimate the incremental cost-effectiveness ratio of telemedicine in the ICU, compared with ICU without telemedicine, from the healthcare system perspective. The second aim was to examine potential cost saving of telemedicine in the ICU through probabilistic analyses and break-even analyses. Design:Simulation analyses performed by standard decision models. Setting:Hypothetical ICU defined by the U.S. literature. Patients:Hypothetical adult patients in ICU defined by the U.S. literature. Interventions:The intervention was the introduction of telemedicine in the ICU, which was assumed to affect per-patient per-hospital-stay ICU cost and hospital mortality. Telemedicine in the ICU operation costs included the telemedicine equipment-installation (start-up) costs with 5-year depreciation, maintenance costs, and clinician staffing costs. Telemedicine in the ICU effectiveness was measured by cumulative quality-adjusted life years for 5 years after ICU discharge. Measurements and Main Results:The base case cost-effectiveness analysis estimated telemedicine in the ICU to extend 0.011 quality-adjusted life years with an incremental cost of $516 per patient compared with ICU without telemedicine, resulting in an incremental cost-effectiveness ratio of $45,320 per additional quality-adjusted life year (= $516/0.011). The probabilistic cost-effectiveness analysis estimated an incremental cost-effectiveness ratio of $50,265 with a wide 95% CI from a negative value (suggesting cost savings) to $375,870. These probabilistic analyses projected that cost saving is achieved 37% of 1,000 iterations. Cost saving is also feasible if the per-patient per-hospital-stay operational cost and physician cost were less than $422 and less than $155, respectively, based on break-even analyses. Conclusions:Our analyses suggest that telemedicine in the ICU is cost-effective in most cases and cost saving in some cases. The thresholds of cost and effectiveness, estimated by break-even analyses, help hospitals determine the impact of telemedicine in the ICU and potential cost saving.
Fast inter mode decision based on textural segmentation and correlations for multiview video coding

Multiview video coding (MVC) plays a critical role in reducing the ultra high data bandwidth of 3-D video. However, the heavy computational complexity of MVC slows down its applications. In this paper, a fast Inter mode decision based on textural segmentation and correlations is presented: Firstly, each frame is segmented into three textural regions based on the correlation between textural complexities and Intra mode Rate-Distortion (RD) costs, and the correlation of Intra mode RD costs between views. Then, by using textural region types and the correlation of Skip mode RD costs between views, an early decision of Skip mode is introduced. Thirdly, by utilizing Inter16×16 mode prediction results and textural region types, the disparity estimation of other Inter modes is selected. Finally, the estimation of Inter8×8 mode can be reduced according to textural region types and motion activity. As compared to the full mode decision in MVC reference software, experimental results show that the proposed algorithm can reduce 55~70% of the computational time, while maintaining high RD performance.
Pinpointing the Eye of the Hurricane — Creating A Gold-Standard Corpus for Situative GeoCoding of Crisis Tweets Based on Linked Open Data

Crisis management systems would benefit from exploiting human observations of disaster sites shared in near-real time via microblogs, however, utterly require location information in order to make use of these. Whereas the popularity of microblogging services, such as Twitter, is on the rise, the percentage of GPS-stamped Twitter microblog articles (i.e., tweets) is stagnating. Geo-coding techniques, which extract location information from text, represent a promising means to overcome this limitation. However, whereas geo-coding of news articles represents a well-studied area, the brevity, informal nature and lack of context encountered in tweets introduces novel challenges on their geo-coding. Few efforts so far have been devoted to analyzing the different types of geographical information users mention in tweets, and the challenges of geo-coding these in the light of omitted context by exploiting situative information. To overcome this limitation, we propose a gold-standard corpus building approach for evaluating such situative geo-coding, and contribute a human-curated, geo-referenced tweet corpus covering a real-world crisis event, suited for benchmarking of geo-coding tools. We demonstrate how incorporating a semantically rich Linked Open Data resource facilitates the analysis of types and prevalence of geospatial information encountered in crisis-related tweets, thereby highlighting directions for further research.
Patients' willingness to talk to others about living kidney donation.

BACKGROUND Living donor kidney transplantation has several advantages for patients with end-stage renal disease. However, many patients are reluctant to pursue this treatment option, preferring instead to wait for a deceased donor organ. OBJECTIVE To examine predictors of patients' willingness to talk to others about living kidney donation. METHODS One hundred thirty-two adult patients awaiting kidney transplantation who were enrolled in a randomized trial examining the effectiveness of education on rates of live donor kidney transplantation completed a baseline rating of their willingness to talk to others about living kidney donation. Also, patients completed measures of knowledge and concerns about living donation and a rating of perceived health. RESULTS Slightly more than half the patients (56.1%) had low willingness to talk to others about living donation. The following variables were associated with higher willingness to talk to others: white race (odds ratio, 3.31; confidence interval, 1.7-7.4), college education (odds ratio, 3.43, confidence interval, 2.0-5.6), fewer concerns about living donor kidney transplantation (odds ratio, 0.31; confidence interval, 0.2-0.6), and less favorable perceptions of their current health status (odds ratio, 4.31; confidence interval, 2.6-7.6). CONCLUSION White race, more education, less concern about living donor kidney transplantation, and poorer perceived health are associated with greater willingness to talk to others about living kidney donation. These findings have important implications for educating patients about living donor kidney transplantation.
EEG and MEG Source Analysis of Single and Averaged Interictal Spikes Reveals Intrinsic Epileptogenicity in Focal Cortical Dysplasia

Summary: Purpose: Simultaneous interictal EEG and magnetoencephalography (MEG) recordings were used for noninvasive analysis of epileptogenicity in focal cortical dysplasia (FCD). The results of two different approach methods (multiple source analysis of averaged spikes and single dipole peak localization of single spikes) were compared with pre‐ and postoperative anatomic magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).
Estimating Contagion Rates in Kickstarter Twitter Cliques

In recent years, crowdfunding has emerged as a popular communitybased, micro-financing model for entrepreneurs, artists, and activists alike to bring their respective dreams into fruition. Successful campaigns, those which meet their financial goals, bring with them not only the financial utility for the creator, but also social utility for the backers. As such, much attention has been paid in recent years to predicting which campaigns will have the greatest likelihood of success. Rooted in this historical research, this project adapts the model of social media exposure curves of hashtags by Romero, Meeder and Kleinberg [11] to understand contagion spread in Kickstarter crowdfunding campaigns through its twitter network.
The perceived onset of dieting and loss of control eating behaviors in overweight children.

OBJECTIVE The current study investigated the self-reported temporal relationships of dieting, binge eating, and overweight in childhood. METHOD One hundred five non-treatment-seeking overweight children ages 6-13 years were interviewed with the children's Eating Disorder Examination (ChEDE) and queried regarding dieting, loss of control (LOC) eating, and overweight history. Questionnaires of depressive symptoms, trait anxiety, and parent-reported problems were completed. RESULTS Sixty percent of the children reported having attempted at least one diet. These children had higher ChEDE scores (global, p < .001), greater body mass index (BMI) and body fat mass (p < or = .001), and a trend towards an earlier reported age of overweight onset (p = .06) compared with children who had never dieted. The 29.5% of children who reported LOC eating had significantly higher ChEDE scores (global, p < .001), ineffectiveness, negative self-esteem, and externalizing scores (all ps < .05) compared with those who had never experienced LOC eating. Most children reported becoming overweight before either dieting (79.4%) or experiencing LOC eating (63.6%). Among the 25.7% reporting both dieting and LOC eating, two thirds reported LOC eating before dieting. Participants who reported dieting before overweight had higher negative mood scores (p < .01). Children reporting dieting before LOC eating had higher ChEDE Weight Concern (p < .01) and global (p < .05) scores. DISCUSSION For overweight, non-treatment-seeking children, both dieting and LOC eating are common. Dieting precedes the development of LOC eating only one third of the time, but is associated with greater disordered eating cognitions. The relationship between childhood-onset dieting and LOC eating in overweight children requires further investigation to determine the causal pathways for the subsequent development of eating disorders.
Denosumab and osteonecrosis of the jaw. A systematic analysis of events reported in clinical trials.

OBJECTIVES The aims of this meta-analysis were (i) to perform a systematic review of the relation between treatment with denosumab and the incidence of osteonecrosis of the jaw (ONJ) and (ii) to obtain information on dosage, first event apparition, and treatment approaches for patients with ONJ related to denosumab. MATERIALS AND METHODS A systematic review and meta-analysis of relevant literature was performed in the PubMed, MEDLINE, Embase, and Cochrane databases, identifying randomized clinical trials that evaluate the adverse effects of denosumab. The overall incidence rates and 95% confidence intervals (CI) for ONJ were calculated employing fixed- and random-effects models, according to the heterogeneity of the studies included. RESULTS A total of 8963 patients with a variety of solid tumors reported in seven randomized controlled trials (RCTs) were included in the systematic analysis. The overall incidence of ONJ in patients with cancer receiving denosumab was 1.7% [95% CI: 0.9-3.1%]. The use of denosumab was associated with a significantly increased risk of ONJ in comparison with bisphosphonates (BPs)/placebo treatment (RR 1.61, 95% CI: 1.05-2.48, P = 0.029). Subgroup analysis based on controlled therapies demonstrated an increased risk of ONJ in denosumab therapy, when compared with BPs (RR 1.48, 95% CI: 0.96-2.29, P = 0.078) or placebo (RR 16.28, 95% CI: 1.68-158.05, P = 0.017). Similar results were observed for prostate cancer (RR 3.358, 95% CI: 1.573-7.166, P = 0.002). CONCLUSIONS Denosumab combined with risk factors such as dental extraction, poor oral hygiene, use of removable apparatus, and chemotherapy may favor the development of ONJ.
Cytomorphology of notochordal and chondrocytic cells from the nucleus pulposus: a species comparison

The nuclei pulposi of the intervertebral discs (IVDs) contain a mixed population of cell types at various stages of maturation. This tissue is formed either by or with the help of cells from the embryonic notochord, which appear to be replaced during development by a population of chondrocyte‐like cells of uncertain origin. However, this transition occurs at widely varying times, depending upon the species – or even breed – of the animal being examined. There is considerable debate among spine researchers as to whether the presence of these residual notochordal cells has a significant impact upon IVD degeneration models, and thus which models may best represent the human condition. The present study examines several different species commonly used in lumbar spine investigations to explore the variability of notochordal cells in the IVD.
Análisis de metodologías activas con ABP, Transmedia y Gamificación para implementar las competencias en Ciencias Sociales y en Literatura

El proposito de este estudio es mostrar una reflexion rigurosa en torno a una detallada investigacion realizada en el contexto educativo de la docencia en el Master de Educacion Secundaria en la que abordamos las aportaciones innovadoras de la gamificacion y los transmedia para la implementacion de procesos didacticos en los que se combinen la labor cooperativa, la resolucion de problemas o ABP asi como la utilizacion de las Tecnologias de la Informacion y la Comunicacion como instrumentos para la consecucion de los contenidos de Geografia y Literatura desde una dimension interdisciplinar. El instrumento de analisis utilizado es el cuestionario de escala Likert asi como la observacion directa en el aula. Los resultados demuestran el valor de este tipo de intervenciones didactica para la mejora en los procesos de ensenanza y de aprendizaje en los niveles de ensenanza Superior (Master) asi como el incremento de la motivacion de los estudiantes que redundara en su futura labor docente en niveles inferiores (ensenanza Secundaria).
Selective ion-permeation through strained and charged graphene membranes

By means of molecular dynamics simulations and density functional theory calculations, we demonstrate that stretched and charged graphene can act as ion sieve membranes. It is observed that loading 30% strain on graphene can induce pores in the dense electron cloud to allow ions to pass through the aromatic rings. Meanwhile, a charged surface is helpful to peel the hydration layers from the ions and decrease the energy barrier for ion translocation through nanopores. Our results suggest that with a membrane charge density of 6.80 e nm−2, Li+ can be highly purified from the mixed solution including Li+, K+, Na+ and Cl− ions. Further increasing the charge density to 15.78 e nm−2 can obtain excellent Na+/K+ selectivity. The potential of mean force profiles of ion permeation reveal that the potential for each ion is quite different. By fine tuning membrane charge density, pristine monolayer graphene can act as ion sieves with both high permeability and high selectivity.