Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Vascular Tissue Reaction to Acute Malapposition in Human Coronary Arteries: Sequential Assessment With Optical Coherence Tomography

Background— The vascular tissue reaction to acute incomplete stent apposition (ISA) is not well known. The aim of this study was to characterize the vascular response to acute ISA in vivo and to look for predictors of incomplete healing. Methods and Results— Optical coherence tomography studies of 66 stents of different designs, implanted in 43 patients enrolled in 3 randomized trials, were analyzed sequentially after implantation and at 6 to 13 months. Seventy-eight segments with acute ISA were identified in 36 of the patients and matched with the follow-up study by use of fiduciary landmarks. The morphological pattern of healing in the ISA segments was categorized as homogeneous, layered, crenellated, bridged, partially bridged, or bare, depending on the persistence of ISA and on the coverage. After 6 months, acute ISA volume decreased significantly, and 71.5% of the ISA segments were completely integrated into the vessel wall. Segments with acute ISA had higher risk of delayed coverage than well-apposed segments (relative risk 2.37, 95% confidence interval 2.01–2.78). Acute ISA size (estimated as ISA volume or maximum ISA distance per strut) was an independent predictor of ISA persistence and of delayed healing at follow-up. Conclusions— Neointimal healing tends to reduce ISA, with the malapposed stent struts often integrated completely into the vessel wall, resulting in characteristic morphological patterns. Coverage of ISA segments is delayed with respect to well-apposed segments. The larger the acute ISA, the greater the likelihood of persistent malapposition at follow-up and delayed healing. Clinical Trial Registration— URL: http://www.clinicaltrials. gov. Unique identifier: NCT00617084 and NCT00934752.
The complete chloroplast genome sequence of Dendrobium officinale

Abstract The complete chloroplast sequence of Dendrobium officinale, an endangered and economically important traditional Chinese medicine, was reported and characterized. The genome size is 152,018 bp, with 37.5% GC content. A pair of inverted repeats (IRs) of 26,284 bp are separated by a large single-copy region (LSC, 84,944 bp) and a small single-copy region (SSC, 14,506 bp). The complete cp DNA contains 83 protein-coding genes, 39 tRNA genes and 8 rRNA genes. Fourteen genes contained one or two introns.
Preventing haemodialysis catheter-related bacteraemia with an antimicrobial lock solution: a meta-analysis of prospective randomized trials.

BACKGROUND Catheter-related bacteraemia (CRB) is a major cause of morbidity and mortality in haemodialysis patients. Interdialytic locking of catheters with antimicrobial agents has recently been investigated for the prevention of CRB. We performed a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCT) to determine the efficacy of antimicrobial lock solutions (ALS) in the prevention of CRB in haemodialysis patients. METHODS We collected from Medline, Web of Science, the Cochrane Library and major nephrology journals, all relevant references (January 1990-March 2007). We selected RCT comparing an ALS to a standard heparin lock in CRB prevention. We extracted data concerning study quality, patient characteristics and CRB incidence. The relative risk (RR) of CRB was calculated as Ln (CRB incidence control/CRB incidence experimental) using both a fixed- and a random-effects model. RESULTS Eight studies were included, involving 829 patients, 882 catheters and 90 191 catheter-days. The use of an ALS significantly decreased the risk of CRB (RR 0.32; 95% CI 0.10-0.42). Borderline heterogeneity was observed in the fixed-effects model (Q = 14.42; P = 0.071). Despite the under-representation of small negative studies, the high number of additional trials necessary to reverse the final effect strengthens the confidence in the overall results. Subgroup analyses stratified by the presence of diabetes, duration of follow-up, biochemical markers, proportion of tunnelled cuffed catheters, intranasal mupirocin use and citrate use in the ALS did not show significant differences, except a higher efficacy of gentamicin-containing lock solutions (P = 0.003). CONCLUSIONS The use of ALS reduces by about a factor 3 the risk of CRB in haemodialysis patients. The achieved absolute incidence is similar to the best-published figures (presumably related to stricter hygienic measures). The limited follow-up of the studies does not exclude the onset of adverse events or bacterial resistance with longer use of ALS.
Comparison of Radar-Based Human Detection Techniques

Radar offers unique advantages over other sensors in the human detection problem, such as remote operation during virtually all weather and lighting conditions. Many radar-based human detection systems today employ Fourier analysis, such as spectrograms. However, spectrograms perform poorly in high clutter environments. Also, an inherent SNR loss is caused by the implicit assumption of linear target phase. In this paper, human modeling is used to derive a more accurate non-linear approximation to the true non-linear target phase and the likelihood ratio is optimized over unknown parameters to enhance detection performance. Performance is compared both analytically and through MATLAB simulations.
Assessing the effects of race and ethnicity on use of complementary and alternative therapies in the USA

Objective To investigate the use of alternative therapies among different racial/ethnic groups in the USA. Specifically, we examined whether alternative medicine use differs for working aged whites, Asian Americans, African Americans, and Hispanics. Design Using the 1996 Medical Expenditure Panel Survey, racial differences in utilization were investigated at two levels: (1) the bivariate level with no controls for other factors and (2) at the multivariate level with controls for age, sex, region, marital status, education, income, health status, satisfaction with conventional healthcare, and access measures. Results Americans in this sample population used alternative and complementary therapies at a fairly low rate (6.5%). This 6.5%, however, was not consistent across all groups. African Americans and Hispanics were less likely than whites to utilize alternative therapies, whereas Asian Americans did not differ significantly from whites. Conclusions The use of alternative and complementary therapies varied across racial/ethnic groups. Evidence showed that individuals who were dissatisfied with the availability of conventional healthcare, who were in poor health, but very satisfied with their conventional provider were more likely to use complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) therapies. The addition of these variables to a logistic regression model did not change the findings for differential use by ethnicity, the relative ranking of groups, or the overall strength of the relationship.
Analisis Rating Sentimen pada Video di Media Sosial Youtube Menggunakan STRUCT-SVM

Analisis sentimen pada komentar dapat digunakan untuk menentukan rating sentimen. Komentar yang digunakan adalah komentar yang terdapat pada Youtube. Jenis video yang digunakan adalah video official trailer film Indonesia. Pada paper ini memuat tentang langkah-langkah dalam menentukkan rating sentimen dengan memperhatikan struktur komentar. Pengenalan struktur komentar diperlukan karena tidak semua komentar relevan dengan topik yang bersangkutan. Kelas pada komentar dibagi menjadi tujuh kelas diantaranya positif film, netral film, negatif film, positif bukan film, netral bukan film, negatif bukan film, dan spam / diluar topik. Komentar dengan hasil klasifikasi positif film dan negatif film yang digunakan dalam menentukan rating sentimen. Jumlah like pada komentar juga ikut menentukan rating sentimen. Klasifikasi komentar menggunakan STRUCT-SVM. Hasil dari STRUCT-SVM menunjukkan akurasi mencapai 69,68% untuk linear kernel dan 71,34% untuk RBF kernel.
Role of Androgen Excess on Metabolic Aberrations and Cardiovascular Risk in Women with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is associated with a clustering of metabolic and cardiovascular risk factors. Insulin resistance is implicated as the major player in the metabolic abnormalities and contributes to the increased cardiovascular risk associated with the syndrome. However, androgen excess appears to participate as an independent parameter, which further aggravates the cardiovascular and metabolic aberrations in affected women with PCOS. The resultant impact of hyperandrogenemia possibly acquires clinical significance for women's health in the context of PCOS, particularly since recent data support an increased incidence of coronary artery disease and of cardiovascular events directly related to androgen levels in women with the syndrome.
Predictors of Incretin Concentrations in Subjects With Normal, Impaired, and Diabetic Glucose Tolerance

OBJECTIVE—Defects in glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1) secretion have been reported in some patients with type 2 diabetes after meal ingestion. We addressed the following questions: 1) Is the quantitative impairment in GLP-1 levels different after mixed meal or isolated glucose ingestion? 2) Which endogenous factors are associated with the concentrations of GLP-1? In particular, do elevated fasting glucose or glucagon levels diminish GLP-1 responses? RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS—Seventeen patients with mild type 2 diabetes, 17 subjects with impaired glucose tolerance, and 14 matched control subjects participated in an oral glucose tolerance test (75 g) and a mixed meal challenge (820 kcal), both carried out over 240 min on separate occasions. Plasma levels of glucose, insulin, C-peptide, glucagon, triglycerides, free fatty acids (FFAs), gastric inhibitory polypeptide (GIP), and GLP-1 were determined. RESULTS—GIP and GLP-1 levels increased significantly in both experiments (P < 0.0001). In patients with type 2 diabetes, the initial GIP response was exaggerated compared with control subjects after mixed meal (P < 0.001) but not after oral glucose ingestion (P = 0.98). GLP-1 levels were similar in all three groups in both experiments. GIP responses were 186 ± 17% higher after mixed meal ingestion than after the oral glucose load (P < 0.0001), whereas GLP-1 levels were similar in both experiments. There was a strong negative association between fasting glucagon and integrated FFA levels and subsequent GLP-1 concentrations. In contrast, fasting FFA and integrated glucagon levels after glucose or meal ingestion and female sex were positively related to GLP-1 concentrations. Incretin levels were unrelated to measures of glucose control or insulin secretion. CONCLUSIONS—Deteriorations in glucose homeostasis can develop in the absence of any impairment in GIP or GLP-1 levels. This suggests that the defects in GLP-1 concentrations previously described in patients with long-standing type 2 diabetes are likely secondary to other hormonal and metabolic alterations, such as hyperglucagonemia. GIP and GLP-1 concentrations appear to be regulated by different factors and are independent of each other.
Combination radiofrequency and light energies: electro-optical synergy technology in esthetic medicine.

BACKGROUND In the past decade, there has been an astonishing insurgence in the number and variety of commercially available nonablative resurfacing devices. This is related in part to a continually increasing market demand for noninvasive cosmetic procedures that are associated with minimal recovery time and fewer complications than the traditional carbon dioxide (CO2) laser. OBJECTIVE The goal of nonablative devices is to selectively heat the target tissues without injuring surrounding tissue. This article reviews the mechanism, results of clinical studies, and treatment parameters for a combination optical and radiofrequency (RF) energies system. METHODS AND MATERIALS To see modest clinical improvement, the patient often requires a series of treatments over the course of several months (sometimes up to 18 months). RESULTS Preliminary studies with combination optical and RF energies have shown promising results in different dermatologic applications, including skin rejuvenation, hair removal, and leg vein treatment. CONCLUSION A new technology that integrates bipolar RF and optical energies, ELOS (Syneron Medical Ltd, Yokneam, Israel), is based on the premise of a synergistic activity between the two forms of energy. The bipolar RF component enables the use of lower levels of the optical component, reducing the risk from optical energy and potentially improving its use across different skin types and hair colors. The optical component is believed to drive the bipolar RF energy to concentrate where the optical energy has selectively heated the target.
Cultural differences in software engineering

The effect of cultural differences is often overlooked or neglected when analysing attractive, cost-effective options for software development. This papers aims to highlight people issues that arise out of cultural differences between interacting software development teams, particularly between Indians and non-Indians. The author's intent is to merely bring out the differences and not to provide solutions or recommendations or to identify root causes for the behavior. This is an experience paper, mostly based on observations and sharing of personal experiences from various colleagues and coworkers.
International Journal of Computer Mathematics

In ‘multi-adjoint logic programming’, MALP in brief, each fuzzy logic program is associated with its own ‘ multi-adjoint lattice ’ for modelling truth degrees beyond the simpler case of true and false , where a large set of fuzzy connectives can be deﬁned. On this wide repertoire, it is crucial to connect each implication symbol with a proper conjunction thus conforming constructs of the form ( ← i ,& i ) called ‘ adjoint pairs ’, whose use directly affects both declarative and operational semantics of the MALP framework. In this work, we ﬁrstly show how the strong dependence of adjoint pairs can be largely weakened for an interesting ‘sub-class’ of MALP programs. Then, we reason in a similar way till conceiving a ‘super-class’ of fuzzy logic programs beyond MALP , which deﬁnitively drops out the need for using adjoint pairs, since the new semantics behaviour relies on much more relaxed lattices than multi-adjoint ones.
Guidelines on the use of colony‐stimulating factors in haematological malignancies

Haematological malignancies are associated with a high rate of infectious morbidity and mortality due to neutropenia, particularly in elderly patients, either as a direct result of the disease itself or as a result of the intensive chemotherapy regimens now used to combat these diseases. In fact, neutropenia and infection are the major doselimiting side-effects of chemotherapy. The incidence of febrile neutropenia (FN) depends on a number of factors, including the dose intensity of the chemotherapy, the prior history of the patient and the presence or absence of any comorbid conditions. In the past decade, there have been many clinical trials investigating the potential benefits of adjunctive therapy with colony-stimulating factors (CSFs), both to ameliorate or prevent profound neutropenia and its potentially life-threatening consequences, and to enhance the outcome of peripheral blood progenitor cell (PBPC) grafting and bone marrow transplantation (BMT). The specific aims of such therapy have been: • to prevent neutropenia-associated infection, with a view to reducing morbidity, improving patient quality of life, decreasing antibiotic usage and duration of hospitalization, and increasing cost-effectiveness of treatment; • to avoid the necessity for chemotherapy dose reduction and ⁄ or delay due to neutropenia (i.e. to achieve ‘planned dose on time’); • to enhance outcome after consolidation chemotherapy in patients achieving complete remission on induction chemotherapy; • to ‘prime’ certain types of malignant cells such that they are more sensitive to some cytotoxic agents; • to mobilize PBPCs before collection; • to stimulate stem cell proliferation after PBPC infusion or BMT. Based on the minimal comparative data available and the results of clinical trials, there is no evidence of any difference between the available CSFs [granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) and granulocyte–macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF)] in terms of efficacy or outcome providing the growth factors are given at the recommended dose (Ozer et al, 2000). These guidelines therefore do not differentiate between the two types of agent, although specific agents may be referred to in the context of clinical trial results. The following guidelines present recommendations for primary versus secondary prophylaxis with CSFs, and specific evidence and recommendations for the use of CSFs in the various haematological malignancies and transplant procedures, including those from the most recent update of the American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO) guidelines, which are summarized in Appendix 1 (Ozer et al, 2000).
Giant-cell Granuloma of the Respiratory Tract (Wegener's Granulomatosis)

Kim, K. S. , Bollman, J. L. , and Odndlay, J. H. (1956). Amer. J. Phystol. 184. 445. King, S. E. (1949). Med. Clin. N. Amer. , 33, 883. Lowe. C. U. , Ellinger, A. J., Wright, W. S. , and Stauffer. H. M. (1950). J. PedYat. , 36, 1. McKenna, R. D. Bourne, R. H. , and Matzko, A. (1957). Gastroenterolosy. 32. 17. Marshak, R. H. , and Ellasoph. J. (1957). Med. Clin. N. Amer. 41, 1565. Meynell, M. J., Cooke, W. T. , Cox, E. V. , and Gaddie, R. (1957). Lancet, 1, 901. Qebaer, V. (1953). Gastroenterologta (Basel), 79, 257. Oxenhorn, S. , Estren, S. , and Adlersberg, D. (1957). J. Mt Sinai Hosp. 24. 232. *Plough, I. C. and Kyle, L. H. (1957). Ann. Intern. Med., 47. 590. Plummer, K. , Russi, S. , Harris, W. H. , and Caravati, C. M. (1950). A.M.A. Arch. Intern. Med. 86, 280. Ribeiro, E. , Sobrinho-Simoes, M. , and Mesqiuta, A. (1957). Metabolism, 6. 378. Salvesen, H. A. , and Bde, J. (1953). Acta med. scand. , 146, 290. Shiner, M. (1956). Lancet, 1, 17. (1957). J. Mt Sinai Hosp. , 24, 273. Sperry, W. M. , and Angevine, R. W. (1932). J. blot. Chem. 96, 769. Stericel, R. L. , and Kirmner, J. B. (1958). A.M.A. Arch. Intern. Med., 101. 114. Test, C. E. , Nichols, R. L. , Landau, R. L. , Ricketts, H. T. , and Loughhead. R. (1956). Amer. J. med. Sd. 231, 69. Thaysen. T. E. H. (1932). Non-tropical Sprue. Humphrey Milford, London. Tbomson, M. W. (1951). Amer. J. hum. Genet. , 3. 159. Wdeles H. A. and Kamer. J. H. van de (1953). Acia paedtat. (Uppsala), 42, 97. Wenger, J. Kirsner, J. B. , and Palmer. W. L. (1957). Amer. J. Med., 22, 373. WoHlaeger, B. E. , Comfort, M. W. , and Osterberg, A. E. (1947). Gastroenterology, 9. 272.
Some new results in extremal graph theory

In recent years several classical results in extremal graph theory have been improved in a uniform way and their proofs have been simplified and streamlined. These results include a new Erd\H{o}s-Stone-Bollob\'as theorem, several stability theorems, several saturation results and bounds for the number of graphs with large forbidden subgraphs. Another recent trend is the expansion of spectral extremal graph theory, in which extremal properties of graphs are studied by means of eigenvalues of various matrices. One particular achievement in this area is the casting of the central results above in spectral terms, often with additional enhancement. In addition, new, specific spectral results were found that have no conventional analogs. All of the above material is scattered throughout various journals, and since it may be of some interest, the purpose of this survey is to present the best of these results in a uniform, structured setting, together with some discussions of the underpinning ideas.
Accidental head injury in childhood

Over a 2-year period 857 children were admitted to hospital with head injuries, representing 16% of all admissions—73% of all children with injury—and occupying 3727 bed-days. Operation was required in 6% of cases, 1·5% were left with residual neurological deficit, and 1·5% died. The epidemiology is presented in detail and it is noted that 66% of admissions occurred when medical and ancillary staff on immediate duty were limited. A more selective approach to the timing and taking of skull x-rays is urged. The retention of British Standard Time (one hour fast on G.M.T., darker mornings) through the winter did not increase the number of admissions due to head injury.
Superantigen and endotoxin synergize in the induction of lethal shock

Endotoxin (lipopolysaccharide; LPS) and superantigens (exotoxins) have been identified as potent inducers of lethal shock. While endotoxin primarily interacts with CD 14 receptors on macrophages, superantigens like the staphylococcal enterotoxin B (SEB) preferentially activate T cells. Both cell types are triggered to release pro‐inflammatory cytokines that in turn induce lethal shock. We analyzed whether endotoxin and superantigen interact during the induction phase of lethal shock. We report that LPS and SEB operate synergistically. Lethal doses of both inducers were reduced 100‐fold when given in combination. The induced serum levels of tumor necrosis factor, interleukin‐6, and interferon‐γ (IFN‐γ) were elevated and remained high for a prolonged period. Moreover, synergistic action of LPS and SEB induced lethal toxic shock even without presensitization of mice with D‐galactosamine (D‐GalN). Opposed to D‐GalN‐pretreated mice, mice injected with LPS and SEB showed less liver damage, but rather apoptosis of epithelial cells in the bowel. Cyclosporin A and treatment with anti‐IFN‐γ monoclonal antibody blocked the synergistic action of LPS and SEB, indicating that T cell‐derived IFN‐γ is the mediator of the observed synergism. Concomitant injection of LPS and SEB had no influence on SEB‐induced T cell deletion and anergy induction. Since Gram‐positive and Gram‐negative bacteria can be recovered from septic blood samples, the synergistic action of endotoxin and superantigens might be relevant during lethal septicemia.
Liraglutide – overview of the preclinical and clinical data and its role in the treatment of type 2 diabetes

Type 2 diabetes is characterized by a progressive decline in glycaemic control. Many standard diabetes treatments, however, fail to achieve or maintain glycaemic control, and are often associated with an increased risk of hypoglycaemia and weight gain. Recently developed incretin‐based therapies are a promising addition to the current armamentarium of diabetes treatments. Two types of incretin‐based therapies are currently available: glucagon‐like peptide (GLP)‐1 receptor agonists (liraglutide and exenatide) and dipeptidyl peptidase‐4 inhibitors (sitaglipin, vildagliptin and saxagliptin). This review aims to summarize the key efficacy and safety data of liraglutide, a once‐daily human GLP‐1 analogue. Extensive phase III clinical trials have shown liraglutide to improve glycaemic control with additional benefits on body weight, blood pressure and β‐cell function. Liraglutide is also generally well tolerated with a low risk of hypoglycaemia. Liraglutide has recently been approved for marketing in Europe, Japan and the USA.
Teenage smoking, attempts to quit, and school performance.

OBJECTIVES This study examined the relationship between school performance, smoking, and quitting attempts among teenagers. METHODS A logistic regression model was used to predict the probability of being a current smoker or a former smoker. Data were derived from the 1990 California Youth Tobacco Survey. RESULTS Students' school performance was a key factor in predicting smoking and quitting attempts when other sociodemographic and family income factors were controlled. CONCLUSIONS Developing academic or remedial classes designed to improve students' school performance may lead to a reduction in smoking rates among teenagers while simultaneously providing a human capital investment in their futures.