Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
What Drives the Immigration-Welfare Policy Link? Comparing Germany, France and the United Kingdom

Western European states have increasingly linked immigration and welfare policy. This trend has important implications for European welfare-state trajectories, but accounts of the policy reasoning behind it have diverged. Are policymakers attempting to delimit social citizenship to secure welfare-state legitimacy? Pursuing new, market-oriented welfare-state goals? Symbolically communicating immigration control intentions to voters? Or attempting to instrumentally steer immigration flows? These accounts have rarely been tested empirically against each other. Redressing this, we employ 83 elite interviews in a comparative process-tracing study of policies linking welfare provision and immigration status in Germany, France, and the UK during the 1990s. We find little evidence suggesting welfare-guided policy reasonings. Rather, this policy linkage appears “immigration-guided:” meant to control “unwanted” immigration or resonate symbolically in immigration politics. Differences in exclusions from welfare support for migrants grew from existing national differences in welfare-state design and politicizations of immigration, not from policy intentions, which were largely shared.
Impact of urbanization on variability of annual and flood season precipitation in a typical city of North China

Urbanization plays an important role in a global change, but there are few studies that combine land use with topography and precipitation. The urbanization in Jinan, a typical city of North China, between the 1980s and 2005 was analyzed by transition matrix analysis, and the topographic effects on land use changes were explored considering altitude, slope, and aspect. The temporal trends and abrupt changes of annual and flood season precipitation for the last 60 years were detected by multiple nonparametric detection methods, and the precipitation indices were adopted to characterize the frequency and intensity of precipitation. The relationship between urbanization and precipitation was finally investigated by grey correlation analysis. The results showed that land use structure in Jinan experienced a dramatic change during recent decades due to the urbanization process, the conversion of cropland to forest, and the protection of spring in Jinan. The land use types that closely related to mankind's activities and living behaviors were more concentrated in areas with lower altitude and slope, and detected more significant changes. The significant abrupt changes of precipitation generally occurred in 1989 and concentrated in urban areas and southern mountainous areas with high increment. The increase of flood season precipitation was more significant in the central urban region with a maximum increasing rate of 39.52%, and the increase in the number of storm and precipitation days was also obvious. The precipitation indices in the flood season were more closely related to changes in farmland and settlements affected by urbanization with a maximum correlation coefficient of 0.75. These findings illustrate the impact of urbanization on the variability of precipitation and support that the changes in the urban underlying surface have a certain effect on the surface energy balance.
Hydrodynamic simulations of AGN jets: the impact of Riemann solvers and spatial reconstruction schemes on jet evolution

Numerical simulations play an essential role in helping us to understand the physical processes behind relativistic jets in active galactic nuclei. The large number of hydrodynamic codes available today enables a variety of different numerical algorithms to be utilized when conducting the simulations. Since many of the simulations presented in the literature use different combinations of algorithms it is important to quantify the differences in jet evolution that can arise due to the precise numerical schemes used. We conduct a series of simulations using the flash (magneto-)hydrodynamics code in which we vary the Riemann solver and spatial reconstruction schemes to determine their impact on the evolution and dynamics of the jets. For highly refined grids the variation in the simulation results introduced by the different combinations of spatial reconstruction scheme and Riemann solver is typically small. A high level of convergence is found for simulations using third-order spatial reconstruction with the Harten–Lax–Van-Leer with contact and Hybrid Riemann solvers.
Molecular Characterization of Trefoil factor 1 in Gastric Carcinoma

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HAEMATOCOCCUS PLUVIALIS MODULATING EFFECT ON NEUROTRANSMITTERS, HORMONES AND OXIDATIVE DAMAGE-ASSOCIATED WITH ALZHEIMER´S DISEASE IN EXPERIMENTAL RAT´S MODEL

Objective: This study was planned to assess the efficacy of Haematococcus pluvialis in the regression of Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Methods: Fifty rats were divided into five groups. Positive control group orally received aluminium chloride in a dose 100 mg/kg to induce AD: AD induced rats were orally treated with H. pluvialis extract (150 mg/kg) and rivastigmine standard drug (4.6 mg/kg/day) for 30 d. Brain acetylcholine esterase (AchE), acetylcholine (Ach), dopamine (DA), adrenaline (A), noradrenaline (NA), oxidative stress biomarkers and superoxide dismutase (SOD) were determined. Further, adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) and cortisol (CORT) levels were evaluated. Also, brain histopathological investigation was examined. Results: AD induced rats recorded a significant increase in the brain AchE, concomitant with a significant decrease in Ach, DA, NA, A and SOD levels. While, a significant increase in NO and H 2 O 2 , CORT and ACTH was recorded. Moreover, brain histopathological investigation in AD rats showed the formation of amyloid plaques and necrosis of neurons. Treatment of AD induced rats with extract of H. pluvialis or standard drug resulted in an improvement in the most of the all studied biochemical parameters. Also, AD groups treated with extract or standard drug showed great improvement in the brain morphological structure with normalisation of cerebral cortex and hippocampus, though, necrosis of some cerebral neurones was detected. Conclusion: This current study indicated that H. pluvialis extract and drug significantly ameliorates the neurotransmitters level, oxidative damage as well as pituitary function due to their anticholinesterase activity, antioxidant efficacy, beside the anti-inflammatory effect.
Biological Pacemaker: Science Fiction or a Feasible Project?

Artificial electronic pacemakers have been successfully driving the hearts and reliably saving the lives of millions by providing cardiac pacing for a variety of cardiac bradyarrhythmias. However, there are several caveats to this technology not merely limited to procedural and hardware complications associated with its usage. These hurdles have prompted research in the development of a biological counterpart which could replace or supplement its electronic version. The concept of the biological pacemaker is very appealing, albeit most challenging. If normal working myocytes or conduction system cells could be transformed to perform the pacemaker function, there would be no need to replace pulse generator, and no issues with circuit or lead failure, size mismatch or foreign body infection would ever arise. Two general approaches have been pursued in the development of biological pacemakers, gene transfer into cardiac myocytes to create or enhance the pacemaker function, and cell transplantation into the heart that can perform the pacemaker function on their own or in conjunction with native cardiac myocytes. There are always pros and cons of these different approaches. Importantly, in order to develop such a biologic pacemaker, two elements are deemed essential: to select a gene that can direct cells of non-automatic tissue to induce spontaneous phase 4 depolarization in a reliable and automatic manner, similar to the native sinus node cells or other conduction tissue with inherent automaticity; and subsequently to develop a technique to deliver this gene into the target tissue. Gene transfer methods may use injection of adenoviral vectors, of genetically engineered stem cells or use of gene-carrying mesenchymal stem cells. Thus, biologic pacing could be accomplished either by genetic engineering, cellular therapy or a combination of both. Over the past decade, gene therapy has been explored to upregulate β2-adrenergic receptors, to downregulate inward rectifier current, and to overexpress pacemaker current as potential sources of biological pacemakers. Cell therapy approaches have explored the ‘‘forcing’’ of embryonic stem cells to evolve along cardiac pacemaker cell lines and the use of adult mesenchymal stem cells as platforms for delivery of specific gene therapies. (excerpt)
Predictors of bleeding event among elderly patients with mechanical valve replacement using random forest model

Abstract Available classification tools and risk factors predicting bleeding events in elderly patients after mechanical valve replacement may not be suitable in Asian populations. Thus, we aimed to identify an accurate model for predicting bleeding in elderly patients receiving warfarin after mechanical valve replacement in a Korean population. In this retrospective cohort study, a random forest model was used to determine factors predicting bleeding events among 598 participants. Twenty-two descriptors were selected as predictors for bleeding. Steroid use was the most important predictor of bleeding events, followed by labile international normalized ratio, history of stroke, history of myocardial infarction, and cancer. The random forest model was sensitive (80.77%), specific (87.67%), and accurate (85.86%), with an area under the curve of 0.87, suggesting fair prediction. In the elderly, drug interactions with steroids and overall physical condition had a significant effect on bleeding. Elderly patients taking warfarin for life require lifelong management.
The mechanism of vitamin D mediated protection from experimental colitis

Wang, Fa. Ph.D., Purdue University, August 2016. The Mechanism of Vitamin D Mediated Protection from Experimental Colitis. Major Professor: Dr. James Fleet. Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) describes chronic and relapsing digestive system inflammation and affects over 1.5 million people in the US. Current treatment strategies for IBD are expensive and often lead to unsatisfactory outcomes. Therefore it is essential to understand the mechanism of IBD progression and develop prevention strategies. Epidemiological evidence showed that IBD risk is negatively associated with vitamin D status. This is consistent with the clinical observation that people with vitamin D deficiency have increased IBD severity. To establish the causal link between vitamin D status and IBD development, our lab used dextran sulfate sodium (DSS) to induce experimental colitis in mice which were fed either a high or low vitamin D diet. We found that low vitamin D intake caused more severe body weight loss and spleen enlargement in mice. Since colitis development is regulated by both colon epithelial cells and infiltrating immune cells, our next research goal was to separate the vitamin D effect on the two cell compartments and investigate their independent roles in the development of experimental colitis. To test the role of vitamin D signaling in colon epithelial cells, we developed a DSS inducible, large intestine specific transgenic mouse model, which enabled the examination of vitamin D receptor (VDR) function in colon epithelial cells during DSS-colitis. We found that
Effect of Curcumin and Low Frequency Electromagnetic Field on the Hormones of Pituitary-Gonad Axis in Male Diabetic Rats

Article Type Original Research Authors Sadoughi S.D. * PhD How to cite this article Sadoughi S.D. Effect of Curcumin and Low Frequency Electromagnetic Field on the Hormones of Pituitary-Gonad Axis in Male Diabetic Rats. Horizon of Medical Sciences. 2017;23(1):27-33. Copyright© 2017 ASP Ins. This open-access article is published under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License which permits Share (copy and redistribute the material in any medium or format) and Adapt (remix, transform, and build upon the material) under the Attribution-NonCommercial terms. ٢٨ قودص نومادديس ی ـــــــ ـــــــ ــــــــــــــــــــــــــــ ـــــــــــــــ ــــــ ـــــــــــــــ ــ ــــــــــــ ـــــــــــــ ــ ــــــــــــــــــــــ ــــ ـــــ ـ ــــ ـــــــــــ ــــــــــــــــــــ ـــــــــ ــ ــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــ لصف همان یملع یشهوژپ شناد قفا هرود ٢٣ هرامش ، ١ ، ناتسمز ١٣٩٥ موکروک رثا ی م و ن ی طانغمورتکلا ناد ی دماسب اب س اپ یی ن نومروه رب اه ی روحم ه ی فوپ ی ز رد دانگ شوم اه ی ارحص یی د رن ی تبا ی س ی قودص نومادد ی * PhD هاگشناد ،دهشم دحاو ،ناگبخن و ناوج نارگشهوژپ هاگشاب ملاسا دازآ ی ،دهشم ، ا ی نار
Extended graphs based on KM-fuzzy metric spaces

This paper, applies the concept of KM-fuzzy metric spaces and introduces a novel concept of KM-fuzzy metric graphs based on KM-fuzzy metric spaces. This study, investigates the finite KM-fuzzy metric spaces with respect to metrics and KM-fuzzy metrics and constructs KM-fuzzy metric spaces on any given non-empty sets. It tries to extend the concept of KM-fuzzy metric spaces to a larger class of KM-fuzzy metric spaces such as union and product of KM-fuzzy metric spaces and in this regard investigates a class of products of KM-fuzzy metric graphs.
Diseño y construcción de un transformador electrónico 12Vrms 50W con control de frecuencia de conmutación programable

espanolCon el fin de reducir tamano y peso, se han venido implementando alternativas para escalar niveles de tension de la red electrica, manteniendo alta eficiencia y baja distorsion. El proposito de este articulo es presentar los resultados del diseno y construccion de un transformador electronico controlado por un microcontrolador (μC). Se realizo la caracterizacion de un transformador resonante con nucleo de ferrita, y simulaciones con los modelos reales de los dispositivos electronicos para validar la etapa de diseno. Se construyo un prototipo que conmuta a diferentes frecuencias con tiempo muerto de 2µs, obteniendo como resultado, una senal a la salida de 12Vrms que opera para cargas resistivas que consuman de 0 a 50W con una eficiencia ( ) aproximada de 94%. Los resultados muestran la viabilidad de desarrollar transformadores electronicos programables que permiten, a diferencia de los transformadores electronicos resonantes, entregar cualquier valor de potencia sin depender de la carga. EnglishIn order to reduce size and weight, alternatives have been implemented to scale voltage levels of the electrical network, maintaining high efficiency and low distortion. The purpose of this article is to present the results of the design and construction of an electronic transformer controlled by a microcontroller (μC). The characterization of a resonant transformer with a ferrite core was carried out, and simulations were developed with the real models of the electronic elements to validate the design stage. The prototype that switches to different frequencies with dead time of 2μs was built, obtaining as a result, an output signal of 12Vrms that operates for resistive loads that consume from 0 to 50W with an efficiency ()approximately 94%. The results show the viability of developing programmable electronic transformers, which unlike resonant electronic transformers, allow to work at any power value designed without depending on a load.
A Novel Role for SCAMP3 as an Innate Immune Factor

Author(s): Radic, Vladimir | Advisor(s): Huang, I-Chueh; Hai, Rong | Abstract: Influenza A Viruses (IAV’s) pose a significant threat to public health. On average, Influenza infections account for 25,000 deaths and 250,000 hospitalizations every year in the United States. Despite having been discovered in the 1930’s, and despite decades of study influenza viruses continue to cause significant morbidity and mortality. Furthermore, with the emergence of Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza Viruses (HPAIV) in humans, IAV’s pose a greater threat than ever before. The innate immune response is critical to controlling these viral infections, but despite over half a century passing since the discovery of the first innate immune proteins, the full scope of innate immunity has yet to be elucidated. The Interferon-Induced Transmembrane (IFITM) family of proteins has been shown to strongly restrict a broad range of viruses, including IAV5,6,7. However, the exact mechanism of this inhibition as well as the mechanism of IFITM regulation and metabolism is poorly understood. Secretory Membrane Protein 3(SCAMP3) was first identified in 1997 and has since been implicated in EGFR recycling and Salmonella pathogenesis. Here we demonstrate a new function of SCAMP3 in the innate immune response. We show that SCAMP3 can function to stabilize IFITM3 by decreasing its lysosomal degradation. We show that SCAMP3 can alter the trafficking of IFITM, resulting in the protein being recycled from early endosomes back to the Golgi apparatus. Upon SCAMP3 depletion, this recycling is ablated and IFITM3 undergoes increased lysosomal degradation. We also show that SCAMP3 can directly restrict Influenza A Viruses. We show that SCAMP3 and interfere with cleavage of Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza (HPAIV) Hemagglutinin (HA) cleavage, resulting in viruses that are deficient in their ability to enter target cells. We also show that SCAMP3 expression, phosphorylation and localization is altered upon viral infection or stimulation with various innate immune proteins, suggesting that SCAMP3 is an innate immune effector. This research deepens our understanding of the innate immune response and presents a potential therapeutic strategy for treatment or prophylaxis of viral disease.
Processed fruit juice ready to drink: screening acute toxicity at the cellular level

The present study evaluated the acute toxicity at the cellular level of processed juice ready for consumption Orange and Grape flavors, produced by five companies with significant influence on the food market of South American countries, especially in Brazil. This evaluation was performed in root meristem cells of Allium cepa L. , at the exposure times of 24 and 48 hours, directly with marketed liquid preparations. Based on the results, it was found that fruit juices, of all companies considered, promoted significant antiproliferative effect to root meristems at the exposure time of 24 hours and resulted in at both exposure times, statistically significant number of mitotic spindle changes and chromosomal breaks. Therefore, under the study conditions, all juice samples analyzed were cytotoxic, genotoxic and mutagenic to root meristem cells. These results indicate that such beverages have relevant potential to cause cellular disorders and, thus, need to be evaluated more fully in more complex test systems, as those in rodents, and then establish specific toxicity at the cellular level of these juices and ensure the well-being of those who consume them.
Power Standing-Wave Ratio [Enigmas, etc.]

where 2 t implies power standing-wave ratio. Since t ranges from unity to infinity and i ranges from 0 to , 2r both C and X move around within a unit circle centered at the origin of a complex plane, as in Figure 1. By analogy to C projecting a Smith chart, X projects another kind of impedance chart, called a Beltrami–Klein disk in hyperbolic geometry [2]. See Figure 2 for the inventor. Among various loci of impedance Z = R + jX, let us now focus on a constant-X contour. We know that this contour lies along a circular arc on the Smith chart. In turn, what curve does it lie along on the Beltrami– Klein disk? Find the correct answer from the following candidates. a) straight line b) parabola c) ellipse d) hyperbola. Power Standing-Wave Ratio
Campylobacter N-glycan presenting Salmonella Typhimurium: a new vaccine for broiler chickens?

Campylobacteriosis is an emerging foodborne enteric disease in humans worldwide. Poultry meat is an important source of infection. One strategy in the combat against Campylobacter at production level is the vaccination of broiler chickens. In this study, a Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar Typhimurium (S. Typhimurium) strain was modified and used as a vector to express the N-glycan from Campylobacter on its surface. The immunogenicity of this live vaccine was tested per os in 70 commercial broilers. The vaccine was able to colonize broilers without causing disease. No detectable humoral immune response and no reduction of colonization of C. jejuni in the caeca was observed due to vaccination, however the chickens produced antibodies against the Campylobacter N-glycan upon infection with the Campylobacter jejuni challenge strain.
Régulation de l’expression du brain-derived neurotrophic factor par le récepteur des glucocorticoïdes dans le neurone

In the central nervous system (CNS), the hippocampus is a structure of major importance for cognitive and behavioral functions. The brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), a key player in such neuronal functions is highly expressed in the hippocampus. Rodent Bdnf gene structure is relatively complex, composed of 8 noncoding exons (I to VIII), each one with a specific promoter (1 to 8), and one common coding exon IX. Glucocorticoids (GC) exert pleiotropic actions on neuronal processes by binding to and activating the glucocorticoid receptor (GR), as well as the mineralocorticoid receptor (MR). GR functions as a transcription factor, directly by interacting to glucocorticoid response elements or indirectly by interacting with other transcription factors, leading to the regulation of target gene transcription. It has been suggested that Bdnf expression is regulated by stress and high GC concentrations. However, it remains to define whether Bdnf is a GR target gene and what are the underlying molecular mechanisms. Herein, we demonstrate that high GC levels downregulate total Bdnf mRNA expression via GR in various in vitro neuron-like cellular models. In primary cultures of mouse hippocampal neurons and BZ cells, BDNF IV- and VI-containing transcripts are involved in this regulatory mechanism. Moreover, in transient transfections, promoter 4 activity was reduced by activated GR. Furthermore, ChIP analysis and mutagenesis experiments demonstrate that the GR-induced repression on Bdnf expression and transcriptional activities occurs through GR binding to a small 74 bp promoter sequence upstream of exon IV. The exact GR binding site on DNA and its putative transcription factor partners are currently under investigation. Altogether, these findings contribute to a better understanding of the mechanisms by which GR represses BDNF expression. Our study brings new insights into the molecular interactions between GC signaling and BDNF signaling in neurons, both important pathways in the pathophysiology of the CNS.