Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Innate Immunity and HIV-1 Infection

HIV-1 is predominantly transmitted through mucosal tissues, targeting CD4+CCR5+ T cells, 50% of which are destroyed within 2 weeks of infection. Conventional vaccination strategies have so far failed to prevent HIV-1 infection. Neither antibodies nor cytotoxic lymphocytes are capable of mounting a sufficiently rapid immune response to prevent early destruction of these cells. However, innate immunity is an early-response system, largely independent of prior encounter with a pathogen. Innate immunity can be classified into cellular, extracellular, and intracellular components, each of which is exemplified in this review by γδ T cells, CC chemokines, and APOBEC3G, respectively. First, γδ T cells are found predominantly in mucosal tissues and produce cytokines, CC chemokines, and antiviral factors. Second, the CC chemokines CCL-3, CCL-4, and CCL-5 can be upregulated by immunization of macaques with SIVgp120 and gag p27, and these can bind and downmodulate CCR5, thereby inhibiting HIV-1 entry into the host cells. Third, APOBEC3G is generated and maintained following rectal mucosal immunization in rhesus macaques for over 17 weeks, and the innate anti-SIV factor is generated by CD4+CD95+CCR7− effector memory T cells. Thus, innate anti-HIV-1 or SIV immunity can be linked with immune memory, mediated by CD4+ T cells generating APOBEC3G. The multiple innate functions may mount an early anti-HIV-1 response and either prevent viral transmission or contain the virus until an effective adaptive immune response develops.
Older community residents with depression: long-term treatment with sertraline. Randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled study.

BACKGROUND Despite a growing use of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors in older people, only one trial has examined their prophylactic efficacy in people aged 65 years and over. AIMS To examine the efficacy of sertraline in preventing the recurrence of depression in older people living in the community. METHOD Participants were openly treated with sertraline and then randomised into a double-blind, placebo-controlled continuation/maintenance study of about 2 years duration. Drug dosage was maintained at levels that achieved remission. RESULTS No significant difference between the sertraline and placebo groups was found in the proportion of recurrences (-7.9%; 95% CI -28.06 to 12.23). Increased age and minor residual symptoms during the continuation phase were associated with recurrence. CONCLUSIONS Sertraline at therapeutic dosage does not provide significant protection against recurrence.
Intégration et confrontation des points de vue dans le cadre de la conception en ingénierie concourante

Aujourd'hui, dans les entreprises, la conception est souvent le travail d'equipes multi-metiers, multi-localisees ayant, suivant le moment, un meme but (co-conception) ou des buts differents (conception distribuee). Ce travail de recherche a ete realise dans le cadre de la mise en place du processus d'ingenierie concourante dans une industrie aeronautique. Deux mecanismes cles de l'ingenierie concourante ont ete etudies : (i) la coordination en conception distribuee dans une etude preliminaire et (ii) la confrontation et l'integration des points de vue en co-conception. Lors des phases de co-conception, les metiers evaluent des solutions en mettant en uvre des modes evaluatifs simples et combines, qui sont utilises selon un ordre precis, quels que soient les metiers presents a la reunion. Lors de ces evaluations, les concepteurs argumentent en utilisant des contraintes qui peuvent etre combinees et ponderees. Les differentes combinaisons des contraintes caracterisent des points de vue particuliers. Trois types de points de vue ont ete mis en evidence : point de vue partage, point de vue specifique et point de vue integre. Nous avons egalement montre d'une part, l'existence d'une dynamique de confrontation et d'integration des points de vue, et d'autre part, l'existence de mecanismes d'integration des points de vue et les limites de ces mecanismes.
Jakość siewna nasion łubinu wąskolistnego w zależności od deszczowania i zaprawiania nasion

Synopsis. W badaniach laboratoryjnych, ktore przeprowadzono w Katedrze Agronomii Uniwersytetu Przyrodniczego w Poznaniu, analizowano wplyw nastepczy deszczowania roślin lubinu wąskolistnego i zaprawiania zebranych nasion na ich wartośc siewną i wigor. Deszczowanie roślin obnizylo energie i zdolnośc kielkowania zebranych nasion oraz zwiekszylo udzial nasion zdrowych niekielkujących. Testy wigorowe potwierdzily obnizenie wartości siewnej nasion pod wplywem deszczowania roślin. Zastosowanie zaprawy (karboksyna + tiuram) zmniejszylo udzial nasion pleśniejących i gnijących, ale istotnie zwiekszylo odsetek nasion zdrowych niekielkujących.
Differences in cholesterol and metabolic syndrome between bipolar disorder men with and without suicide attempts

Abstract: Patient with mental illnesses such as schizophrenia and bipolar disorder have an increased prevalence of metabolic syndrome (MetS) and its components compared to general population. Among psychiatric disorders, bipolar disorder ranks highest in suicidality with a relative risk ratio of completed suicide of about 25 compared to the general population. Regarding the biological hypotheses of suicidality, low blood cholesterol level has been extensively explored, although results are still conflicting. The aim of this study was to investigate whether there were differences in the serum cholesterol levels in hospitalized bipolar disorder men patients with history of suicide attempts (n= 20) and without suicide attempts (n= 20). Additionally, we investigated if there were differences in the prevalence of MetS according to NCEP ATP-III criteria in these two groups of patients. Results of the study indicated significantly lower serum cholesterol levels (P = 0.013) and triglyceride levels (P = 0.047), in the bipolar disorder men with suicide attempts in comparison to bipolar disorder men without suicide attempts. The overall prevalence of MetS was 11/40 (27.5%). On this particular sample it was higher in the non-attempters 8/20 (40.0%) than in attempters 3/20 (15.0%) bipolar men group, but without statistical significance. Lower concentrations of serum cholesterol might be useful biological markers of suicidality in men with bipolar disorder.
Extração automatica de palavras-chave na lingua portuguesa aplicada a dissertações e teses da area das engenharias

O objetivo desta dissertacao e adaptar um algoritmo de extracao automatica de palavraschave para a lingua portuguesa. Palavras-chave fornecem uma descricao adequada do conteudo de um documento. Tal descricao facilita aos futuros leitores decidirem se o documento e ou nao relevante para os mesmos. As palavras-chave tem tambem outras aplicacoes, ja que estas resumem documentos de forma sucinta. Portanto podem ser usadas como uma medida eficiente de similaridade entre documentos, tornando possivel organiza-los em grupos ao se medir a sobreposicao entre as palavras-chave que estao associadas. Esta adaptacao consiste na utilizacao de um algoritmo de radicalizacao de palavras na lingua portuguesa, o qual foi aperfeicoado neste estudo, e uma lista de stopwords da lingua portuguesa, apresentada neste trabalho Abstract
3D face pose discrimination using wavelets

This paper describes a robust method for discriminating 3D face pose (face orientation) from a video sequence featuring views of a human head under variable lighting and facial expression conditions. The wavelet transform is used to decompose the image into multiresolution face images containing both spatial and spatial-frequency information. Principal component analysis (PCA) is used to project a low-resolution sub-band face pose onto a pose eigen-space where the first 3 eigen coefficients are found most sensitive to pose and follow a trajectory as the pose changes. Any unknown pose of an query image can then be estimated by finding the Euclidean distance of the first 3 eigen coefficients of the query image from the estimated trajectory. The wavelet transform reduces the computational load on the PCA and makes the algorithm robust against illumination changes and facial expression. An accuracy of 84% was obtained for test images unseen during training under different environment conditions, facial expressions, and even different human subjects.
Effects of solder constitutive models and FE models on fatigue life of dual-row QFN package

In this study, the board level solder joint reliability analysis and fatigue life prediction of dual-row QFN package are carried out. The effects of solder constitutive model and finite element (FE) model on solder fatigue life are studied. Three different constitutive models of SnAgCu lead-free solder including viscoplastic Anand model, steady-state creep hyperbolic sine model and double power law model are implemented. In addition, three FE models including full 3D-Quarter model, 3D-Quarter/Octant model with constraint equation (CE) technique are used. The volume-averaged method is used for accumulated inelastic strain energy density calculation. Zhu's energy based fatigue model for QFN package is taken to predict fatigue life. The FE modeling results show that the critical solder joint is at the package corner and crack is likely to occur along lead and solder interface. The maximum accumulated inelastic strain energy are located at top layer elements of critical solder joint for all solder constitutive models and FE models. The predicted fatigue life of dual-row QFN package calculated from Anand model is slightly higher than that from the other two models. The predicted fatigue life obtained from different FE models have almost the same value, which indicating FE model with the CE technique can well be applied for fatigue life prediction.
La terapia dialéctico comportamental para el tratamiento del trastorno límite de la personalidad

El trastorno limite de la personalidad se caracteriza por una inestabilidad persistente en areas de funcionamiento fundamentales: la cognicion, la afectividad, la actividad interpersonal y el control de los impulsos. Este patron se ve reflejado en una serie de caracteristicas entre las que se encuentran los esfuerzos por evitar un abandono real o imaginario; un patron de relaciones interpersonales intensas y disfuncionales; una alteracion de la identidad; una notable impulsividad que puede acarrear consecuencias potencialmente peligrosas; amenazas e intentos suicidas y conductas autolesivas recurrentes; inestabilidad afectiva relacionada con una elevada reactividad del estado de animo; ira inapropiada e intensa; y sentimientos cronicos de vacio. Este patron de funcionamiento es altamente disfuncional y causa un gran malestar. Pese a la gravedad de este trastorno, el desarrollo y puesta a prueba de estrategias de intervencion eficaces para el mismo es escaso. Los logros terapeuticos son lentos y se producen abandonos y recaidas con mucha frecuencia. En este articulo presentamos un programa de tratamiento para este trastorno. Se trata de la terapia dialectico comportamental desarrollada por la Dra. Marsha Linehan y su grupo de investigacion en la Universidad de Washington en Estados Unidos. El objetivo de este articulo es ofrecer una vision general de este programa de tratamiento. En primer lugar, describiremos brevemente la teoria dialectica que sustenta el tratamiento, para posteriormente adentrarnos en el programa de tratamiento describiendo sus estrategias esenciales y la estructuracion del mismo.
The role of superhydrophobicity in the adhesion of a floating cylinder

Horizontal cylinders floating on liquid surfaces are mundanely observed, whose examples include the legs of aquatic arthropods and floating larvae, twigs and hairs. We study the force and energy required to lift the cylinder clear from the water surface, to evaluate the role of wettability, especially superhydrophobicity, in the adhesion of floating cylinders. We find that a drastic degree of energy saving is achieved when lifting a superhydrophobic cylinder as compared with a cylinder with moderate wettability. This can serve as a starting point to understand how the superhydrophobicity of the legs of water-walking insects help to propel them efficiently.
Modelos de front end da inovação: similaridades, diferenças e perspectivas de pesquisa

O front end da inovacao e o primeiro subprocesso do processo da inovacao. Esse subprocesso reune as atividades realizadas antes da proposicao e aprovacao de um conceito a ser desenvolvido e implementado. Uma vez que as organizacoes podem se beneficiar substancialmente da otimizacao e melhoria do front end da inovacao, e que esse ainda tem recebido pouca atencao, tanto da academia quanto das organizacoes, justifica-se a importância de estudos que busquem a compreensao e a organizacao desse corpo da literatura, auxiliando assim na evolucao dos conceitos teoricos, bem como o preenchimento das lacunas de pesquisa ainda existentes. Nesse sentido, este artigo relata os resultados de um estudo cujo objetivo foi, a partir de levantamento e analise da literatura relativa ao front end da inovacao e, em especial, dos modelos desse subprocesso, propor um conjunto de pressupostos como base para o desenvolvimento teorico e empirico do tema. Com o levantamento, realizado em quatro bases de dados eletronicas, foram identificados 268 trabalhos, dos quais oito apresentam modelos de front end da inovacao considerados relevantes para analise. Esses modelos sao comparados com base em alguns criterios de analise de conteudo dos artigos. A partir dessa analise, tambem sao sugeridas perspectivas de pesquisa, bem como pontos que necessitam de aprofundamento teorico sao identificados.
A novel direct torque control system based on space vector PWM

A novel direct torque control method is presented in this paper. The flux error and torque error produce a decoupled stator voltage reference vector by means of the PI regulator. The reference vector is converted to a voltage vector, which is based on stator coordinates reference frame from coordinates transformation. The switch control signal of the inverter is finally produced through space vector pulse width modulation of the preceding voltage vector. The novel control method has been applied to the variable-speed system of an asynchronous motor. It was easily realized in the form of digitization with DSP of TMS320FL2407, and has got low torque pulsation, less current harmonic, constant switch frequency with this control method. The experimental results indicate that the variable-speed control system has got both fine dynamic performance and high accuracy of the entire speed region.
The large GTPase dynamin regulates actin comet formation and movement in living cells

The large GTPase dynamin (Dyn2) has been demonstrated by us and others to interact with several different actin-binding proteins. To define how Dyn2 might participate in actin dynamics in livings cells we have expressed green fluorescent protein (GFP)-tagged Dyn2 in cultured cells and observed labeling of comet-like vesicles and macropinosomes. The comet structures progressed with a constant velocity and were reminiscent of actin comets associated with motile vesicles in cells expressing type I phosphatidylinositol phosphate 5-kinases. Based on these observations we sought to determine whether Dyn2 is an integral component of actin comets. Cells expressing type I phosphatidylinositol phosphate 5-kinase and Dyn2-GFP revealed a prominent colocalization of Dyn2 and actin in comet structures. Interestingly, comet formation and motility were normal in cells expressing wild-type Dyn2-GFP but altered markedly in Dyn2 mutant-expressing cells. Dyn2K44A-GFP mutant cells displayed a significant reduction in comet number, length, velocity, and efficiency of movement. In contrast, comets in cells expressing Dyn2ΔPRD-GFP appeared dark and did not incorporate the mutant Dyn2 protein, indicating that the proline-rich domain (PRD) is required for Dyn2 recruitment. Further, these comets were significantly longer and slower than those in control cells. These findings demonstrate a role for Dyn2 in actin-based vesicle motility.
Discovery of a Magnetar Associated with the Soft Gamma Repeater SGR 1900+14

The soft gamma repeater SGR 1900+14 became active again on 1998 June after a long period of quiescence; it remained at a low state of activity until 1998 August, when it emitted a series of extraordinarily intense outbursts. We have observed the source with the Rossi X-Ray Timing Explorer twice, during the onset of each active episode. We confirm the pulsations at the 5.16 s period reported earlier from SGR 1900+14. Here we report the detection of a secular spin-down of the pulse period at an average rate of 1.1 × 10-10 s s-1. In view of the strong similarities between SGRs, we attribute the spin-down of SGR 1900+14 to magnetic dipole radiation, possibly accelerated by a quiescent flux, as in the case of SGR 1806-20. This allows an estimate of the pulsar dipolar magnetic field, which is (2–8) × 1014 G. Our results confirm that SGRs are magnetars.
Hyperkinetic Disorder in Psychiatric Clinic Attenders

Sixty‐eight boys (age‐range five to 11 years), referred to a child psychiatric clinic, were studied in order to determine the validity of a broadly‐based concept of hyperkinetic syndrome, as generally employed in the USA. Hyperactivity was measured on the Conners' Teacher Questionnaire, the Conners' Parent Questionnaire and by systematic time‐sampled observations of each child's behaviour during psychological testing. There were low and statistically insignificant correlations between these different measures of hyperkinesis. On the other hand, overactivity correlated highly with conduct disturbance. Psychiatrically abnormal children with and without hyperkinesis were compared on cognitive functioning, perinatal history, neurological examination, congenital anomalies and psycho‐social circumstances. Few differences were found, and it was concluded that there was no evidence for the validity of a broad concept of hyperkinetic syndrome.
Estudo da composição química e ação inibitória dos extratos obitidos de Punica granatum L. (romã) sobre Candida spp

A diversidade de produtos naturais, por muitos anos, inspirou pesquisadores para identificar novos produtos que podem ser, eventualmente, desenvolvidos para novas terapias. Extratos obtidos Punica granatum L. (roma) tem demonstrado diversas atividades, dentre elas, efeito antimicrobiano. Nas ultimas duas decadas, infeccoes por leveduras do genero Candida cresceram significantemente pelo mundo inteiro, em decorrencia do uso prolongado de antifungicos, ligado ao aumento da resistencia a esses farmacos. Sendo assim, pesquisas por novos componentes com acao antifungica, os quais podem estar presentes nos compostos da P. granatum, justificam este estudo. Os extratos obtidos de diferentes partes do fruto da P. granatum foram testados atraves da metodologia da concentracao inibitoria minima (CIM) frente a dez especies de Candida spp. e analisados por espectrometria de massas. Foi observado, tambem, se os extratos produziam efeitos na morfologia e estrutura das leveduras atraves da microscopia eletronica de varredura e de transmissao, respectivamente. Os resultados obtidos revelaram-se promissores, pois as cepas testadas foram sensiveis aos extratos, com CIM de 125µg/mL, causando danos em sua morfologia, como irregularidades em sua superficie e em sua parede celular, e a espectrometria de massas revelou compostos de reconhecida acao antimicrobiana, dentre eles, taninos. Esses dados indicam que os compostos da Punica granatum possuem acao antifungica, sendo que as substâncias detectadas podem ser consideradas as principais responsaveis por essa atividade. Sendo assim, substâncias da Punica granatum apresentam capacidade antimicrobiana, sendo um campo promissor para descoberta de novos fitomedicamentos para o tratamento alternativo de doencas, abrindo caminhos para pesquisas que visem explorar de forma coerente essas substâncias, manipulando-as com seguranca, eficacia e qualidade padronizados Abstract
Differential Seizure-Induced and Developmental Changes of Neurexin Expression

Abstract The neurexins are differentially expressed neuronal surface proteins. Each neurexin gene (I, II, and III) has two promoters giving α and β major isoforms, and alternative splicing generates further extensive diversity. Following kainate- and pentylenetetrazole-induced seizures, there were no specific changes of expression of neurexins I and III in rat brains, whereas neurexin II expression increased in the dentate gyrus of the hippocampus. Both major isoforms were induced, particularly neurexin IIα. No significant alteration of neurexin II RNA splicing was observed. During postnatal development, neurexin II expression peaked in 6- to 10-day-old animals, in contrast with that of neurexins I and III; while neurexin IIα expression was elevated, neurexin IIβ expression was constant. The data suggest differential functions of the three neurexins and of their α- and β-isoforms and implicate neurexin IIα in the establishment of functional neuronal circuitry in postnatal brain and activity-dependent changes in adult brain.
Semaphorin 3A inhibits growth of adult sympathetic and parasympathetic neurones via distinct cyclic nucleotide signalling pathways

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Semaphorin 3A (Sema3A) is an important secreted repulsive guidance factor for many developing neurones. Sema3A continues to be expressed in adulthood, and expression of its receptor, neuropilin‐1 (Nrp‐1), can be altered by nerve injury. Autonomic neurones innervating the pelvic viscera are particularly susceptible to damage during pelvic surgical procedures, and failure to regenerate or aberrant growth of sympathetic and parasympathetic nerves lead to organ dysfunction. However, it is not known if adult pelvic neurones are potential targets for Sema3A.
A duplex polymerase chain reaction‐restriction fragment length polymorphism for rapid screening of methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase gene variants: Genotyping in acute leukemia

Methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR; NM_005957.4) is the key enzyme for folate metabolism which plays in DNA biosynthesis and the epigenetic process of DNA methylation. MTHFR gene polymorphisms, the c. 677C>T and c. 1298A>C have been implicated as risk factors for several types of cancers as the acute leukemia.
Recellularization of organs: what is the future for solid organ transplantation?

Purpose of reviewAllogeneic organ transplantation is burdened by donor shortage, graft rejection and adverse effects of lifelong immune suppression. Engineering bioartificial organs from acellular organ scaffolds and patient-derived cells are a new approach to potentially overcome these limitations. Recent findingsDecellularized organs yield a scaffold of extracellular matrix on which cells can adhere, integrate and ultimately form functional tissue. Various cell sources are currently used to repopulate acellular scaffolds, however, all have limitations. Patient-derived pluripotent stem cells hold great promise for tissue and organ engineering, when robust and mature cells can be directed in a reliable and safe manner. Finally, to produce mature organotypic tissue from a nonfunctional seeded scaffold, cellular scaffolds are cultured under biomimetic conditions in vitro. Alternatively, organs may be implanted at an immature stage to harness the recipient's body's regenerative capacity. In proof of principle experiments to date, bioengineered small animal organs have shown rudimentary function and maintained patency for limited time when transplanted in vivo. SummaryRecent advances in bioengineering organs raise the hope that we can overcome organ donor shortage and eliminate the need for livelong immunosuppression. However, significant challenges remain in generating mature large-scale donor-like bioartificial organs.