Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Induction of Chemokine Secretion and Enhancement of Contact-Dependent Macrophage Cytotoxicity by Engineered Expression of Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor in Human Colon Cancer Cells1

We investigated the role of tumor cell-derived GM-CSF in recruitment and tumoricidal activation of tissue macrophages. Transfection of the murine GM-CSF gene into KM12SM human colon cancer cells decreased the tumorigenicity of transfected cells and nontransfected bystander colon cancer cells in nude mice. Sequential tissue sections from sites injected with high GM-CSF-producing tumor cells (but not from nontransfected or low GM-CSF-producing cells) demonstrated a dense infiltration of polymorphonuclear cells (PMN), followed by infiltration of macrophages, which correlated with expression of the macrophage-inflammatory protein-1α and the monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1) in mouse PMN and macrophages. GM-CSF-producing KM12SM cells were highly sensitive to lysis by mouse macrophages and also increased macrophage-mediated lysis of bystander nontransfected KM12SM cells. The incubation of macrophages with GM-CSF induced expression of the CD11b surface adhesion molecule, which was associated with increased attachment to tumor cells. All KM12SM cells were sensitive to macrophage-mediated lysis in the presence of rGM-CSF and recombinant MCP-1. Collectively, the results demonstrate that tumor cell-derived GM-CSF stimulates PMN and macrophages to secrete macrophage-inflammatory protein-1α and MCP-1, which triggers recruitment of mononuclear cells, induces expression of adhesion molecules on macrophages, and enhances contact-dependent cytolysis of tumor cells.
Effectiveness of early treatment of Class II malocclusion.

The purpose of this study was to examine and report the effectiveness of early treatment with the headgear/biteplate and the bionator in patients with Class II malocclusion regardless of the mechanism of correction and to compare early-treatment results with changes over a similar time period in an observation group. The role of factors such as compliance was examined to determine their contribution to effective treatment. The experimental design was a prospective, longitudinal, randomized controlled trial. At the end of the early-treatment period, all 3 groups differed significantly (overall, P = .001) in percentage of treatment goal achieved, with median values of 83% for the bionator group, 100% for the headgear group, and 14% for the observation group. In both treated and observation subjects, the percentages of goal achieved varied by initial molar class severity (treated, P =.0205; observation, P = .0040) and race (treated, P = .0314; observation, P = .0416). Significant correlations in the treated subjects were identified between percentage of goal achieved and bone age (13 bones) (r = 0.16; P = .037), bone age (20 bones) (r = 0.16; P = .043), compliance (r = 0.26; P = .0005), and initial overjet (r = -0.26; P = .0095). Significant correlations were not detected in the observation group. Sex, treatment group, age, mandibular plane angle, pretreatment, and retention did not significantly affect percentage of goal achieved among the treated and the observation subjects. Correlation between normalized compliance scores and percentage of goal achieved was high for both bionator (r = 0.50) and headgear subjects (r = 0.49) at the end of treatment. Multivariate analysis suggested that headgear may be superior to bionator/biteplane in achieving a Class II correction during early treatment.
[The history of periodontology].

What do you do to start reading history of periodontology? Searching the book that you love to read first or find an interesting book that will make you want to read? Everybody has difference with their reason of reading a book. Actuary, reading habit must be from earlier. Many people may be love to read, but not a book. It's not fault. Someone will be bored to open the thick book with small words to read. In more, this is the real condition. So do happen probably with this history of periodontology.
Essential Requirements for the Validity of Immunocytochemical Staining Procedures 1

Although immunocytochemical results are rarely quantifiable today, it is well-recognized that the ultimate goal in many routine and research applications is quantitative measurement of tissue antigens. This trend is evident in several recent publications, even in the program of the present meeting. If immunocytochemistry is to be developed into a reliable quantitative method, it will be necessary to define and agree on criteria of reliability that could aid in both designing immunocytochemical experiments and interpreting the results. Criteria of reliability, based on long-established principles of quantitative biological assays, have been suggested a few years ago (Petrusz et al., 1980) and will be briefly summarized here. At the outset, it is important to realize (and accept the practical consequences of) the fact that there are definite limits to the exactness with which any observation can be made, whether quantitative or qualitative. In other words, all observations contain a certain component of error, and the magnitude and nature of this error is not always obvious from a single observation or even from repeated observations. Immunocytochemical staining in any form is a complex procedure, subject to many possible errors, and it is not always easy to obtain satisfactory results. Our goal must be to develop methods by which the errors can be evaluated and their influence on the final results can be determined. The criteria of reliability to be considered below (efficiency, accuracy, precision, sensitivity, and specificity) represent the first steps toward achieving this ultimate goal.
Current harmonic suppression in the flux-weakening control based on resonant-2DOF PID controllers for permanent magnet synchronous linear motor

In this paper, the current harmonic suppression problem of permanent magnet synchronous linear motor (PMSLM) in the flux-weakening control is studied by using the proposed resonant two degree of freedom (2DOF) current PID controllers. First, the principle of the flux-weakening is analyzed based on the mathematical model and the current voltage constraints of PMSLM in the rotating reference coordinate system. Then a current leading angle flux-weakening control method is designed, which provides a wide velocity operation of PMSLM over based velocity. Subsequently, the resonant-2DOF PID controllers are adopted to effectively suppress the current harmonics induced by the non-ideal factors in the flux-weakening control. At last, the simulation studies and experiments are performed for PMSLM based on the control platform in comparison with the traditional PID controller. The contrast results indicate that the proposed method suppresses the current harmonics effectively, and achieves optimal tracking ability and optimal antidisturbance performance simultaneously.
Source/Drain Resistance of UTB SOI MOSFET

The source/drain (S/D) series resistance of the ultra-thin-body (UTB) SOI MOSFETs with an elevated S/D and undoped channel is studied. The dependence of the series resistance components on the geometry/process parameters is quantitatively investigated. It is shown that the S/D contact resistivity, extension length, and doping profile are the major factors determining the series resistance. It is also suggested that with scaling into sub-20 nm technology nodes, the elevated S/D structure should be very difficult to provide UTB device with the acceptable series resistance specified by the Technology Roadmap.
Discover and Learn New Objects from Documentaries

Despite the remarkable progress in recent years, detecting objects in a new context remains a challenging task. Detectors learned from a public dataset can only work with a fixed list of categories, while training from scratch usually requires a large amount of training data with detailed annotations. This work aims to explore a novel approach &#x2013; learning object detectors from documentary films in a weakly supervised manner. This is inspired by the observation that documentaries often provide dedicated exposition of certain object categories, where visual presentations are aligned with subtitles. We believe that object detectors can be learned from such a rich source of information. Towards this goal, we develop a joint probabilistic framework, where individual pieces of information, including video frames and subtitles, are brought together via both visual and linguistic links. On top of this formulation, we further derive a weakly supervised learning algorithm, where object model learning and training set mining are unified in an optimization procedure. Experimental results on a real world dataset demonstrate that this is an effective approach to learning new object detectors.
Analyse genetique de la resistance du colza a la necrose du collet et a la cylindrosporiose a l'aide des marqueurs moleculaires

La necrose du collet, causee par leptosphaeria maculans, est la maladie la plus preoccupante dans la plupart des pays producteurs de colza (brassica napus l. ). La cylindrosporiose, due a pyrenopeziza brassicae, est devenue une maladie importante en europe de l'ouest. L'objectif de ce travail est d'identifier et de comparer les facteurs genetiques de resistance a l. Maculans et a p. Brassicae chez le colza. Au stade adulte, la resistance quantitative de darmor a ete analysee par recherche de qtl dans les croisements darmor-bzh x yudal (hd) et darmor x samourai (hd et f 2 : 3). La carte genetique darmor-bzh x yudal a ete transferee sur le croisement darmor x samourai , principalement avec des marqueurs rapd et rflp. Les 3 descendances ont ete evaluees au champ en 1995, 96 et 98 pour les resistances etudiees. Un total de 16 qtl de resistance a la necrose du collet a ete revele. Parmi ceux-ci, 4 etaient detectes sur 2 ou 3 annees et 3 dans les 2 croisements. Un total de 10 qtl de resistance a la cylindrosporiose a ete identifie dans la descendance darmor-bzh x yudal . Six d'entre eux etaient communs aux 2 annees. Seules 2 regions ont ete associees a la resistance aux 2 maladies, dont l'une correspond au gene de nanisme, bzh . Au stade cotyledonaire, le marquage moleculaire de resistances specifiques a l. Maculans a ete effectue, par bsa, chez quinta (gene rlm1), glacier (gene rlm2) et tapidor (genes rlm t a p 1 et rlm t a p 2). L'ensemble des genes, sauf rlm2, ont ete localises sur 2 groupes de la carte darmor-bzh x yudal . Une colocalisation entre rlm1, rlm t a p 1 et des qtl de resistance a la necrose du collet et a la cylindrosposiose a ete observee. A partir des qtl et genes identifies, une recherche de signification des facteurs de resistance a ete initiee, notamment par la strategie genes candidats. Deux schemas de selection assistee par marqueurs ont egalement ete elabores, utilisant 8 regions genomiques liees aux resistances etudiees.
The inhalational toxicity of oxygen difluoride.

Abstract The acute inhalational toxicity of oxygen difluoride in the albino rat has been determined at concentrations of 5 to 40 ppm for 5 to 15 minutes. A CT product (ppm-minutes) of about 100 results in 50% mortality. At the levels studied, gross and microscopic pulmonary damage develop 7 hours after termination of the exposure, and, if death does not intervene, repair begins after the third day. The extreme toxicity of oxygen difluoride and its insidious character make it imperative to exclude its inhalation by personnel.
Effort in acute traumatic brain injury: considering more than pass/fail.

PURPOSE/OBJECTIVE Performance validity is often conceptualized as a dichotomous process. Effort likely lies on a continuum, however, and psychologists' tendency to rely on pass/fail descriptors of one's effort may not be the only approach. The current study aims to show that when performance validity is considered on a continuum, it may provide clinical information related to cognitive functioning. RESEARCH METHOD/DESIGN Forty-four patients with moderate or severe traumatic brain injury were evaluated with the Repeatable Battery for the Assessment of Neuropsychological Status upon their emergence from posttraumatic amnesia. From this data, previously developed effort index scores and "other cognitive functions" index scores were calculated. RESULTS Performance on the effort index significantly accounted for the patients' performance on a cognitive composite score after considering education and severity of injury. CONCLUSIONS/IMPLICATIONS Findings suggest that more in-depth analysis of validity test performance is beneficial to gauge a patient's level of effort and is important to consider when interpreting results and in treatment planning.
Stress-Based and Path-Based Fault Injection

The objective of fault injection is to mimic the existence of faults and to force the exercise of the fault tolerance mechanisms of the target system. To maximize the efficacy of each injection, the locations, timing, and conditions for faults being injected must be carefully chosen. Faults should be injected with a high probability of being accessed. This paper presents two fault injection methodologies-stress-based injection and path-based injection; both are based on resource activity analysis to ensure that injections cause fault tolerance activity and, thus, the resulting exercise of fault tolerance mechanisms. The difference between these two methods is that stress-based injection validates the system dependability by monitoring the run-time workload activity at the system level to select faults that coincide with the locations and times of greatest workload activity, while path-based injection validates the system from the application perspective by using an analysis of the program flow and resource usage at the application program level to select faults during the program execution. These two injection methodologies focus separately on the system and process viewpoints to facilitate the testing of system dependability. Details of these two injection methodologies are discussed in this paper, along with their implementations, experimental results, and advantages and disadvantages.
Biliary tract cancers.

In the United States, an estimated 20,000 new cases of liver and biliary tract cancer are diagnosed annually.1 Biliary tract cancer is the second most common primary hepatobiliary cancer, after hepatocellular cancer. Approximately 7500 new cases of biliary tract cancer are diagnosed per year; about 5000 of these are gallbladder cancer, and between 2000 and 3000 are bile-duct cancers.1 Biliary tract cancers have traditionally been divided into cancers of the gallbladder, the extrahepatic bile ducts, and the ampulla of Vater, whereas intrahepatic bile-duct cancers have been classified as primary liver cancers.2 The term “cholangiocarcinoma” was originally intended to refer only .
Characterizing N+-perfect line graphs

The subject of this contribution is the study of the Lov\'asz-Schrijver PSD-operator N+ applied to the edge relaxation of the stable set polytope of a graph. We are particularly interested in the problem of characterizing graphs for which N+ generates the stable set polytope in one step, called N+-perfect graphs. It is conjectured that the only N+-perfect graphs are those whose stable set polytope is described by inequalities with near-bipartite support. So far, this conjecture has been proved for near-perfect graphs, fs-perfect graphs, and webs. Here, we verify it for line graphs, by proving that in an N+-perfect line graph the only facet-defining graphs are cliques and odd holes.
Return Migration: Theory and Empirical Evidence from the UK

In this paper we discuss forms of migration that are non-permanent. We focus on temporary migrations where the decision to return is taken by the immigrant. These migrations are likely to be frequent, and we provide some evidence for the UK. We then develop a simple model which rationalizes the decision of a migrant to return to his home country, despite a persistently higher wage in the host country. We consider three motives for a temporary migration: Differences in relative prices in host- and home country, complementarities between consumption and the location where consumption takes place, and the possibility of accumulating human capital abroad which enhances the immigrant's earnings potential back home. For the last return motive, we discuss extensions which allow for immigrant heterogeneity, and develop implications for selective in- and out- migration.
Dynamics of Threshold Voltage Instability in IGZO TFTs: Impact of High Pressurized Oxygen Treatment on the Activation Energy Barrier

The effect of oxygen high pressurized treatment (OHPT) on the gate-bias thermal stress (BTS) instability of amorphous indium-gallium-zinc-oxide (IGZO) TFTs was investigated. OHPT at 10 atm and 300 °C produces TFTs with better reliability under the positive/negative BTS conditions, which can be attributed to the reduction in the oxygen vacancy defect. However, OHPT at a higher pressure (15 atm) deteriorated the BTS-induced stability of the IGZO TFTs. The rationale for this strong OHPT dependence on the BTS instability of IGZO TFTs was discussed based on the single-frame oxygen-related defect model.
Pyrrolizidine alkaloids in honey: comparison of analytical methods

Pyrrolizidine alkaloids (PAs) are a structurally diverse group of toxicologically relevant secondary plant metabolites. Currently, two analytical methods are used to determine PA content in honey. To achieve reasonably high sensitivity and selectivity, mass spectrometry detection is demanded. One method is an HPLC-ESI-MS-MS approach, the other a sum parameter method utilising HRGC-EI-MS operated in the selected ion monitoring mode (SIM). To date, no fully validated or standardised method exists to measure the PA content in honey. To establish an LC-MS method, several hundred standard pollen analysis results of raw honey were analysed. Possible PA plants were identified and typical commercially available marker PA-N-oxides (PANOs). Three distinct honey sets were analysed with both methods. Set A consisted of pure Echium honey (61–80% Echium pollen). Echium is an attractive bee plant. It is quite common in all temperate zones worldwide and is one of the major reasons for PA contamination in honey. Although only echimidine/echimidine-N-oxide were available as reference for the LC-MS target approach, the results for both analytical techniques matched very well (n = 8; PA content ranging from 311 to 520 µg kg−1). The second batch (B) consisted of a set of randomly picked raw honeys, mostly originating from Eupatorium spp. (0–15%), another common PA plant, usually characterised by the occurrence of lycopsamine-type PA. Again, the results showed good consistency in terms of PA-positive samples and quantification results (n = 8; ranging from 0 to 625 µg kg−1 retronecine equivalents). The last set (C) was obtained by consciously placing beehives in areas with a high abundance of Jacobaea vulgaris (ragwort) from the Veluwe region (the Netherlands). J. vulgaris increasingly invades countrysides in Central Europe, especially areas with reduced farming or sites with natural restorations. Honey from two seasons (2007 and 2008) was sampled. While only trace amounts of ragwort pollen were detected (0–6.3%), in some cases extremely high PA values were detected (n = 31; ranging from 0 to 13019 µg kg−1, average = 1261 or 76 µg kg−1 for GC-MS and LC-MS, respectively). Here the results showed significantly different quantification results. The GC-MS sum parameter showed in average higher values (on average differing by a factor 17). The main reason for the discrepancy is most likely the incomplete coverage of the J. vulgaris PA pattern. Major J. vulgaris PAs like jacobine-type PAs or erucifoline/acetylerucifoline were not available as reference compounds for the LC-MS target approach. Based on the direct comparison, both methods are considered from various perspectives and the respective individual strengths and weaknesses for each method are presented in detail.
Partial Breast Irradiation or Whole Breast Radiotherapy for Early Breast Cancer: A Meta‐Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials

Abstract: The purpose of the study was to compare treatment outcomes in patients with breast cancer treated with partial breast irradiation (PBI) and of those treated with whole breast‐radiation therapy (WBRT). We conducted a systematic review and meta‐analysis of published randomized clinical trials comparing PBI versus WBRT. Primary outcome was overall survival and secondary outcomes were locally, axillary, supraclavicular, and distant recurrences. A search of the literature identified three trials with pooled total of 1,140 patients. We found no statistically significant difference between partial and whole breast radiation arms associated with death (OR 0.912, 95% CI 0.674–1.234, p = 0.550), distant metastasis (OR 0.740, 95% CI, 0.506–1.082, p = 0.120), or supraclavicular recurrences (pooled OR 1.415, 95% CI 0.278–7.202, p = 0.560). However, PBI was statistically significantly associated with an increased risk of both local (pooled OR 2.150, 95% CI, 1.396–3.312; p = 0.001) and axillary recurrences (pooled OR 3.430, 95% CI, 2.058–5.715; p < 0.0001) compared with whole breast‐radiation. Partial breast irradiation does not seem to jeopardize survival and may be used as an alternative to whole breast‐radiation. Nevertheless the issue of loco‐regional recurrence needs to be further addressed.
Objective assessment of aberrations induced by multifocal contact lenses in vivo.

PURPOSE This study examined the effects of a soft multifocal progressive contact lens on individual Zernike coefficients describing the aberrations of the eye. METHODS Ocular wavefront aberrations (OWA) of 10 subjects not wearing contact lenses were quantified using a Shack-Hartmann aberrometer and were repeated after lens insertion (two lenses,+2 diopters [D], and -2D distance power, order of insertion was randomized). All data were captured and stored on computer. Each coefficient of the Zernike polynomials representing, coma, spherical aberration (SA), and the fifth-order aberrations were evaluated for each OWA. Pupil size was monitored using an infrared device. RESULTS After subjecting the data to various permutations, the following relationships and chief findings were detected: (1) Comparing coefficients with and without lenses, significant correlations for coma (Z(1)3 [rho,theta], P=0.0056; -2D and P=0.0399, +2D); SA (Z(0)4 [rho,theta], P=0.0006; -2D; and P=0.0061,+2D). Fifth-order aberration (Z(-1)5 [rho,theta], P= 0.0029,+2D). (2) With the -2D lens, the average root-mean-square (RMS) value for the SA coefficient Z(4)4 (rho,theta) and fifth-order Z(-3)5 (rho,theta) increased (P=0.045 and 0.0392, respectively). (3) With the +2D lens, the average RMS value for fifth-order coefficient Z(1)5(rho,theta) increased (P=0.0278). (4) Coma (Z(1)3 [rho,theta] coefficient) correlated with pupil size (P<0.05). Initial mean (+/-SD) pupil size (mm) was 3.05 (0.499), and this did not change significantly. CONCLUSIONS Z(1)3(rho,theta) and Z(0)4(rho,theta) coefficients may be useful objective markers of success or failure for such contact lenses. The -2D lens had a more predictable effect on SA compared with the +2D lens design. The opposite occurs when considering the effects on the higher fifth-order order aberrations.