Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Spatial variations in zooplankton community structure along the Japanese coastline in the Japan Sea : influence of the coastal current

This study evaluates spatial variations in zooplankton community structure and potential controlling factors along 10 the Japanese coast under the influence of the coastal branch of the Tsushima Warm Current (CBTWC). Variations in the density of morphologically-identified zooplankton in the surface layer in May were investigated for a 15-year period. The density of zooplankton (individuals per cubic meter) varied between sampling stations, but there was no consistent west–east trend. Instead, there were different zooplankton community structures in the west and east, with that in Toyama Bay particularly distinct: Corycaeus affinis and Calanus sinicus were dominant in the west and Oithona atlantica was dominant in 15 Toyama Bay. Distance-based redundancy analysis (db-RDA) was used to characterize the variation in zooplankton community structure, and four axes (RD1–4) provided significant explanation. RD2–4 only explained <4.8% of variation in the zooplankton community and did not show significant spatial difference; however, RD1, which explained 89.9% of variation, did vary spatially. Positive and negative species scores on RD1 represent warmand cold-water species, respectively, and their variation was mainly explained by water column mean temperature, and it is considered to vary spatially with the CBTWC. 20 The CBTWC intrusion to cold Toyama Bay is weak and occasional due to the submarine canyon structure of the bay. Therefore, the varying bathymetric characteristics along the Japanese coast of the Japan Sea generate the spatial variation in zooplankton community structure, and dominance of warm-water species can be considered an indicator of the CBTWC.
Sex-determining mechanisms in squamate reptiles

Two modes of sex determination occur in squamates: genotypic sex determination (GSD) and temperature-dependent sex determination (TSD). Within each of these two major modes, there are many different variants, or mechanisms. Male heterogamety, female heterogamety, mul- tiple sex chromosome systems, and homomorphic sex chromosome systems are all types of GSD found in squamates. Two patterns of TSD have been reported. Only three snakes have been investigated for their sex-determining mechanisms, each having GSD, although incubation temperature does cause differential mortality and affects post-hatching physiolom. Less than 50 lizard species have been investigated, but there is considerable diversity in the sex-determining mechanisms reported thus far. Apparently, TSD (and/or GSD) has evolved multiple times within a given taxon. Presently, both GSD and TSD are found in the Agamidae, Eublepharidae, and Gekkonidae, and possibly in the Iguanidae, Lacertidae, and Varanidae as well. Only GSD has been reported for the Scincidae and Teiidae. Correlations within the Eublepharidae suggest an adaptive explanation for the evolution of sex- determining mechanisms; a shift from male-larger dimorphism to female-larger (or no sexual size dimorphism) is accompanied by a shift in sex-determining mode. These shifts are in agreement with similar correlations observed in turtles. b 1994 WiIey-Liss, Inc. The sex-determining mechanisms of squamate reptiles are poorly known, relative to the large number of species in the group (2,267 snakes, 3,307 lizards (Duellman, '791). Only 16% of these species have been karyotyped (Olmo, '861, and the effects of multi-temperature incubations have been examined in only a few species. Even so, there is considerable diversity in the sex-deter- mining mechanisms reported thus far (note: here we use sex-determining mechanism as defined by Bull "831).
AWARENESS TOWARDS THE ORGANIZATION MANAGEMENT STRUCTURE

Employee’s awareness towards the organization management structure is crucial to establish rapid and optimized decision making processes. As a result, this would significantly reinforce and accelerate the organization’s overall business management. In this case study, company ABC has conducted a survey to measure the employee’s awareness of the organization new business structure. The participants consist of 709 employees currently working in the organization. The survey questionnaire was using 5-point Likert scales and was conducted in September 2013. The data analysis was conducted by comparing the results of the survey with another company branch, the corporation as a whole and a research company national norm. Some improvement areas were identified and therefore salary and remuneration packages and employee development programs were strengthened. This would enable the managers to monitor the organization’s top management message awareness over the years and how the essence of the message is lived in everyday work environment.
Cassini plasma spectrometer thermal ion measurements in Saturn's inner magnetosphere

represented by two anisotropic Maxwellian distributed species, H + and a water group ion, W + . Saturn’s magnetospheric plasma is shown to subcorotate by 15–30% below rigid corotation within this region, with a minimum in fractional lag between 7 and 9 RS. There is a suggestion of a small radial outflow, but the selection of data for this study precluded the inclusion of interchange injection events. Ion densities are in excellent agreement with the Cassini plasma wave instrument, giving confidence in the forward modeling technique. Plasma moments including density, temperatures, and velocities are presented, along with empirical models for density and azimuthal velocity. Water group temperature anisotropies T? /Tk have values between 3 and 8 near 5.5 RS, becoming less anisotropic as distance increases, but are still not isotropic by 10 RS. The implications of these results for mass loading in the Saturnian magnetosphere are discussed, with the conclusion that an important fraction of the plasma source is located inside of the 5.5 RS boundary of this study.
Co-Design of a Compact Dual-Band Filter-Antenna for WLAN Application

A co-designed compact dual-band fllter-antenna suitable to be embedded inside a wireless access point (AP) in the 2.45/5.2- GHz wireless local area network (WLAN) bands is presented. The proposed fllter-antenna comprises a loop-loaded dual-band monopole radiator and a microstrip dual-band pseudo-interdigital bandpass fllter. The monopole consists of a uniform width monopole, two identical capacitively loaded magnetic resonators and a top loaded loop. The two magnetic resonators are loaded at the center of the monopole for dual-band operation and the rectangular loop loaded at the top is involved for miniaturization. Instead of using the traditional 50› interfaces, the impedance between the fllter and antenna is optimized to improve the performance. The fllter-antenna and the system circuit board of an AP share the same substrate and ground plane. In this case, the design can fully integrate the circuit board of the AP into an internal fllter-antenna solution. The proposed fllter-antenna provides good selectivity and rejection in out of band regions and omni-directional radiation patterns within the two desired bands. The measured results show good agreement with the simulated ones.
Aerosol effects on the lifetime of shallow cumulus

We explore the effects of increases in aerosol concentration on cloud lifetime for warm convective clouds using a two‐dimensional single cloud model and three‐dimensional large eddy simulations (LES). The models include size‐resolved treatment of drop size distributions and warm microphysical processes. It is shown using a variety of soundings representing marine trade cumulus, and continental convective clouds that contrary to expectation, an increase in aerosol concentration from very clean to very polluted does not increase cloud lifetime, even though precipitation is suppressed. Cloud lifetimes are statistically similar although individual clouds may experience decreases in lifetime of 10–40%. An evaporation‐entrainment feedback that tends to dilute polluted clouds more than clean clouds is identified. It is proposed that the small changes in cloud lifetime are due to competing effects of precipitation suppression and enhanced evaporation, with the latter tending to dominate in these shallow clouds.
FATIGUE CRACKING POSSIBILITY ALONG GRAIN BOUNDARIES AND PERSISTENT SLIP BANDS IN COPPER BICRYSTALS

In this paper, the fatigue cracking possibility in different kinds of copper bicrystals with largeangle grain boundaries (GBs) and copper multicrystals containing some low-angle GBs are compared. The results showed that the fatigue cracks, in the copper bicrystals, always nucleated firstly along GBs no matter whether the GBs are perpendicular or parallel to the stress axis. Whereas, for the copper multicrystals containing low-angle GBs, the persistent slip bands (PSBs) are always the preferential sites to initiate fatigue cracks no matter whether low-angle GBs are perpendicular or parallel to the stress axis. Additionally, the fatigue lives of the GBs, and the [1:23] and [3:35] grains in the [1:23])[3:35] and [5:913])[5:79] bicrystals were measured at different cyclic stresses and strain amplitudes. The results show that intergranular fracture always occurred prior to transgranular fracture in those bicrystals. The fatigue lives increased in the order of the GB, the [1:23] and the [3:35] grains in the [1:23])[3:35] bicrystal under cyclic tension–tension loading. On the other hand, the fatigue life of the GB in the [5:913])[5:79] bicrystal is about two to three times higher than that in the [1:23])[3:35] bicrystal. Based on these experimental results from the copper bicrystals and multicrystals, it is indicated that the possibility of fatigue cracking increased in the order of low-angle GBs, PSBs and large-angle GBs. It is suggested that both the PSB–GB mechanism and the step mechanism required for GB fatigue cracking were questionable, and the interaction modes of PSBs with GBs may be more important for intergranular fatigue cracking. Keywords—Fatigue cracking; Fatigue lives; Large-angle GBs; Low-angle GBs; PSBs.
Kids, cash and sustainability: Economic knowledge and behaviors among preschool children

Abstract Although young children are often involved in economic transactions of various kinds in their daily activities, research on their knowledge and behaviors in relation to sustainable economics is limited. Sustainable economics deals with, among others, equity, corporate responsibility and poverty reduction. This study explored preschool children’s knowledge and behaviors concerning the use of money, their willingness to share resources with friends and the sources of knowledge about economic issues. A total of 53 final-year preschool children, aged five to six, from 12 preschools in Sweden were interviewed. The data were analyzed using content analysis and the Structure of the Observed Learning Outcomes (SOLO) Taxonomy. The results show that the children considered money to be used largely for the consumption of goods, while a few wanted to donate their money to the poor and to family members. With regards to sharing resources, most of the children wanted to share their candies with friends, and they viewed sharing as being a social responsibility or a moral obligation, or as being fair. Parents, teachers and the children themselves were reported as the main sources of knowledge. Further research is needed to enhance our knowledge about how to integrate economic sustainability issues in preschool.
Factors of Failure in Innovative Business Activities in Sanandaj

The aim of this study was to analyze the reasons affecting the failure of innovative business activities in Sanandaj. The population of this research consisted of 150 managers and experts who did not have innovation in their businesses or had some kind of unsuccessful experience in this field. Mostly, the activities of these businesses were in the field of metal industry, packaging, textile, wood and automotive downstream industries. Among this population a sample of 105 people were chosen by using simple random sampling method. The aim of this study is functional and the data collection was descriptive and correlational. The main tools for collecting data were library resources and standard innovation failure factors questionnaire Wyckoff, and innovation questionnaire, on the basis of Likert scale. Data obtained from the questionnaire were analyzed by using descriptive statistics (mean, percentage, and standard deviation), inferential statistics (Pearson correlation and Structural Equation Modeling (SEM)) and SPSS and AMOS software. Results of the conducted analysis showed that all six factors are effective in the failure of innovative business activities in the city of Sanandaj. The results of Structural Equation Modeling indicated that poor management is more effective than other factors in the failure of activities.
Do Public Income Transfer to the Poorest affect Internal Inter-Regional Migration? Evidence for the case of Brazilian Bolsa Família Program

Resumo O trabalho utiliza o suplemento dos micros dados da PNAD de 2004 e a estrutura da metodologia de avaliação de políticas públicas para fornecer evidências a respeito do impacto das transferências de renda do programa Bolsa Família (BF) sobre a migração interna inter-regional brasileira. Os resultados, obtidos a partir de matching via propensity score entre beneficiários e não beneficiários do BF baseado em estimativas de um modelo probit bivariado para a probabilidade dos indivíduos serem beneficiários e migrantes, indicam que o programa BF afeta negativamente o fluxo migratório interno brasileiro, embora o programa não pareça afetar a migração de retorno. Em outras palavras, as transferências de renda parecem atuar no sentido de reduzir a emigração de indivíduos das regiões mais pobres para as mais ricas, mas não o retorno dos já emigrados. Palavras-chave: migração interna, Bolsa Família, desigualdade regional.
How do Boards Influence Organisational Performance ?

As the effects of the global financial crisis upon organisational performance become increasingly evident and with some commentators implicating corporate governance in respect of corporate casualties, it is clear that a fresh approach is needed to understand the extent of influence that boards may have on their companies. This study proposes and confirms that a board's influence is facilitated through interactions with the executives in a relational space we have termed the “third team”. To address this proposition, a survey of board and executive members of for-profit and not-for-profit organisations was conducted, followed by semi-structured interviews with a selection of participants. In exploring the interactions between the board and the executive, the study focused on the mix of characteristics in order to uncover the extent of this combined “team's” influence on organisational performance. The paper draws support for this model and the concept of shared leadership an important element within the third team from various authors (e.g. Drucker, 1989, 1990, Kozlowski & Bell, 2003, Pearce & Conger, 2003, Trecker, 1971, Vandewaerde, Voordeckers, Lambrechts, & Bammens, 2011). Shared leadership does not equate with equality; it does, however, highlight the conceptualisation of the combined board-executive as a team with a degree of shared leadership and responsibility for organisational performance.
A deep Giant Metre-wave Radio Telescope 610-MHz survey of the 1HXMM–Newton/Chandra survey field

We present the results of a deep 610-MHz survey of the 1^HXMM–Newton/Chandra survey area with the Giant Metre-wave Radio Telescope. The resulting maps have a resolution of ~7 arcsec and an rms noise limit of 60 μJy. To a 5σ detection limit of 300 μJy, we detect 223 sources within a survey area of 64 arcmin in diameter. We compute the 610-MHz source counts and compare them to those measured at other radio wavelengths. The well-known flattening of the Euclidean-normalized 1.4-GHz source counts below ~2 mJy, usually explained by a population of starburst galaxies undergoing luminosity evolution, is seen at 610 MHz. The 610-MHz source counts can be modelled by the same populations that explain the 1.4-GHz source counts, assuming a spectral index of −0.7 for the starburst galaxies and the steep spectrum active galactic nucleus (AGN) population. We find a similar dependence of luminosity evolution on redshift for the starburst galaxies at 610 MHz as is found at 1.4 GHz (i.e. 'Q'= 2.45^(+0.3)_(−0.4)).
Pollinator Sharing in Specialized Bee Pollination Systems: a Test with the Synchronopatric Lip Flowers of Centrosema Benth (Fabaceae)

Bee-pollinated lip flowers of two synchronopatric species of Centrosema were used as models to examine the influence of specialized pollination systems on the ecological mechanisms of pollinator sharing. Regression analysis of bee abundances in the habitat on bee abundances on C. pubescens flowers was significant (r = 0.69; P = 0.001) and became very consistent and highly significant (r = 0.87; P = 0.00001) using a size threshold of bee pollinators longer than 15mm. These same relationships were not significant (P > 0.01), however, for C. brasilianum flowers. The structures of the two pollination systems also sustained the hypothesis of a size threshold for pollinators, although only the C. pubescens -bees interactions sustained the hypothesis of random interactions proportional to species abundances in the habitat. The flower visitor pools of the two plant species shared the same four main bee guilds: the pollinators Centridini, Xylocopa , and Euglossini and the primary nectar robber Oxaea . However, a significant divergence (P 0.05) and could not explain these divergences. Particularly, the concentrations of the largest pollinators Eulaema and Xylocopa on C. pubescens flowers and the behavior shift of Centridini bees that act as legitimate pollinators in C. pubescens and as nectar robbers in C. brasilianum are better understood as functional foraging responses triggered by the synchronopatry and by nectar volume differences (P = 0.001) between both lip flowers. Paradoxically, the robbery activity of Centridini bees arises as a supply side effect of smaller nectar volume in C. brasilianum flowers.
Total Quality Management in Manufacturing Industry of Pakistan: A Case of Cement Industry

In Asian countries, the principle of Total Quality Management (TQM) and the respective code of conduct to implement are still yet to be matured. The gap between philosophies, which have been there for the last three to four decades, and practically implanting it creates a lot of interest of researchers to develop and designed instruments for this. Especially, in Pakistan underlying principle of TQM is on initial level where awareness and a chunk of implementation is under process and specifically Pakistan's cement industry started exporting and increased their compatibility gradually with international standard. The point here is to discuss to validate the instrument which assures the TQM in the organization as well as industry. The main purpose of this research paper is to study the working methods of cement companies by considering TQM as important part in their organization. The data obtained from a survey is very useful in calculating total quality management of the cement companies. By references, the result of this research can also be applicable to other organizations with minor changes depending on culture and per requirement of organizations to be more professional in industry.
ASIS v1.0: an adaptive solver for the simulation of atmospheric chemistry

This article reports on the development and tests of the adaptive semi-implicit scheme (ASIS) solver for the simulation of atmospheric chemistry. To solve the ordinary differential equation systems associated with the time evolution of the species concentrations, ASIS adopts a one-step linearized implicit scheme with specific treatments of the Ja-cobian of the chemical fluxes. It conserves mass and has a time-stepping module to control the accuracy of the numerical solution. In idealized box-model simulations, ASIS gives results similar to the higher-order implicit schemes derived from the Rosenbrock's and Gear's methods and requires less computation and run time at the moderate precision required for atmospheric applications. When implemented in the MOCAGE chemical transport model and the Laboratoire de Meteorologie Dynamique Mars general circulation model, the ASIS solver performs well and reveals weaknesses and limitations of the original semi-implicit solvers used by these two models. ASIS can be easily adapted to various chemical schemes and further developments are foreseen to increase its computational efficiency, and to include the computation of the concentrations of the species in aqueous-phase in addition to gas-phase chemistry.
Modeling Volatility of the KLCI Daily Returns

Volatility is a central concept in financial engineering. It may be simply defined as the standard deviation of return values. A frequent modeling assumption is that volatility is constant. Unfortunately in many financial time series volatility appears to be anything but constant. This paper reports the results of an effort in modeling stock market volatility as a Generalized Autoregressive Conditional Heteroscedastic (GARCH) process. KeywordsGARCH, Stationarity, Heteroscedasticity, Volatility Clustering, Simulation.
OWNERSHIP STRUCTURE, EXECUTIVE STRUCTURE AND FIRM PERFORMANCE: EVIDENCE FROM TURKEY

This study investigates the relationship between corporate governance and company performance. I consider two measures of corporate governance during the period 2005–2011. Financial ratio, Return on Sales (ROS) was applied to measure organizational performance. A significant positive relationship between ownership structure and organizational performance and between executive structure and organizational performance was found. The data from businesses listed in Borsa Istanbul was used to understand the relation between corporate governance and organizational performance