Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Endometrial stromal sarcoma: Where only rarity prevails over obvious presentation

Introduction: Endometrial stromal sarcoma (Ess) is a rare malignancy arising from the endometrial stroma. the majority (90%) of patients present with abnormal uterine bleeding (AUb) followed by mass per abdomen and pelvic pain. However, rarity of this tumor limits the clinician to consider it even as a differential diagnosis despite of having its typical symptoms and only diagnosed by biopsy as a surprise. On analysis of age of presentation, clinical findings and various diagnostic modalities, endometrial stromal sarcoma (Ess) mimics other disorders such as leiomyoma, leiomyosarcoma and endometrial polyp. the diagnostic dilemma continues even on gross and microscopic features of Ess and above mentioned disorders. the role of immunomarkers like cD10, desmin, h-caldesmon, etc. has evolved for specific diagnosis. case report: A 60-year-old female was presented with a complaint of postmenopausal bleeding underwent hysterectomy with a provisional diagnosis of submucous myoma and histopathological examination revealed this as endometrial stromal sarcoma. conclusion: Endometrial stromal sarcoma is a rare
On the MMSE Criterion for Space-Time Coded Signaling in the Presence of Unknown Interference

The primary goal of this letter is to provide comparative assessments to the two cases where different criteria are used in joint over antenna minimum mean squared error (JA-MMSE) spatial filtering for space-time coded systems in the presence of unknown interference. It is shown that additional constraints to preserve the space-time coded signal structure in JA-MMSE spatial filtering place floor in bit error rate (BER) performance, while imposing no additional constraint places no error floor.
Non-motor symptoms in Parkinson's disease: An underdiagnosed problem

Parkinson's disease results from degeneration of the substantia nigra pars compacta and the consequent dysfunction of the dopaminergic nigrostriatal pathway. Serotonergic and noradrenergic pathways are also affected. However, It has been recognized that nondopaminergic and non-motor symptoms are sometimes present prior to diagnosis and these inevitably emerge with disease progression, impacting on morbidity, quality of life and mortality. The non-motor symptoms of Parkinson's disease continue to be poorly recognized and inadequately treated in contrast with motor symptoms, and a modern holistic approach to treatment of Parkinson's disease should therefore include recognition and assessment of non-motor symptoms. Certain aspects of the non-motor symptoms complex of Parkinson's disease can be improved with currently available treatments, but other features may be more refractory and require research into effective nondopaminergic drug therapies for the future.
Olfactory ensheathing glia and spinal cord injury: basic mechanisms to transplantation

The adult CNS, unlike its counterpart the peripheral nervous system (PNS), has little ability to repair itself after traumatic injury. Therefore, neurotrauma involving the brain or spinal cord has severe and long-lasting functional consequences for injured patients, as well as a massive financial and social impact on the affected families and the community at large. In particular, spinal cord injury (SCI) has provided scientists and clinicians with a challenging problem. In attempts to improve outcomes following SCI, numerous mammalian research models have been developed. Many of these models involve either transection or contusion injuries in rodents and experimental therapies include the transplantation of a range of cell types isolated from either the PNS or CNS. The authors focus on a cell type isolated from the olfactory system; olfactory ensheathing cells (OECs). Some basic tenets of olfactory cell biology, key preclinical results suggesting a role for OECs in stimulating spinal cord repair and the .
Evaluation of Abelmoschus moschatus seed extract in psychiatric and neurological disorders

Background: Abelmoschus moschatus is an aromatic and medicinal plant, used as traditional medicine in the Thirunelveli district and distributed in many parts of Asia, including India. The present study was aimed to evaluate central nervous system (CNS) activities of ethanolic seed extract of A. moschatus (AEAM). Methods: Oral administration of AEAM at doses of 200 and 400 mg/kg on various behavioral models forced swim, tail suspension, light-dark box, hole-board, elevated-plus-maze, locomotor, strychnine, maximal electroshock induced seizure, pentylenetetrazole (PTZ), rotarod, climbing an inclined screen models were utilized. Results: In the open field test, AEAM (200 and 400 mg/kg) increased the numbers of rearing. However, the number of central motor and ambulation were reduced. The number of entries and the time spent in the open arm were increased, whereas the number of locomotion was decreased (p<0.001) in elevated-plus-maze and actophotometer test, respectively. AEAM (200 and 400 mg/kg) protected the mice against the PTZ and strychnine-induced convulsions; it causes significant dose-dependent increase in latency of convulsion. Treatment with AEAM reduced the duration of the tonic hind limb extension, increased the hypnotics time and decreased motor co-ordination of experimental animals. Conclusion: This study concludes A. moschatus is an alternative source for CNS drug development.
Polymyalgia rheumatica – die häufigste Muskelerkrankung im Alter

Zusammenfassung Die Polymyalgia rheumatica (PMR) ist eine häufige, chronische, entzündlich rheumatische Erkrankung unklarer Ätiologie, die typischerweise Patienten ab dem 50. Lebensjahr betrifft. Neben der klinischen Diagnostik unterstützen moderne bildgebende Verfahren, wie die Sonografie und die Magnetresonanztomografie mit Nachweis einer bilateralen Bursitis subdeltoidea/-acromialis, Tenosynovitis der Bizepssehnen und/oder Synovitis der Schultergelenke die korrekte Diagnosestellung auch in klinisch schwierigen Fällen. Kortikosteroide sind die Medikamente der Wahl in der Behandlung der PMR, führen jedoch bei mehr als 50 Prozent der behandelten Patienten zu Nebenwirkungen. Ob Immunsuppressiva wie Methotrexat oder Biologika in der Behandlung der PMR effektiv sind, ist derzeit nicht geklärt.
HBOC-201, hemoglobin glutamer-250 (bovine), Hemopure® (Biopure Corporation)

Background: Producing an alternative to human erythrocytes has been one the most exciting dreams of medicine. Hemoglobin-based oxygen carriers (HBOCs) derived from purified human or bovine hemoglobin have been studied for clinical use and one product is currently available in the United States and European Union for veterinary use, and another in South Africa for human use. Objective: HBOC-201, bovine purified hemoglobin crosslinked and polymerized with glutaraldehyde, has been studied extensively in patients. We describe HBOC-201's potential market share, the history of HBOCs in general and of this compound, its pharmacology, published studies in patients and HBOCs that are currently being studied. Methods: A literature review using PubMed listed publications and official product websites. Conclusions: While HBOC-201 may not replace allogenic blood transfusions, it may serve to allow critically ill patients to be resuscitated in the field or hospital setting until either regeneration of red cell occurs or a transfusion is available.
Medical Applications: The Future of Regulation

we define 'apps' as discrete, independent pieces of software that run on mobile devices. The use of such software on mobile devices within a health environment is not a new phenomenon – there is academic research discussing the opportunities of this technology as early as 1996. however, the proposition has only really become mainstream with the introduction of the Apple iPhone® and supporting App Store, backed by a hugely successful 'There's an app for that' advertising campaign. opening in July 2008 with a mere 500 applications available for download, the App Store now stocks around 500,000 applications and recently surpassed a staggering milestone: 15 billion downloads. Latterly it has been joined by rival application markets from Blackberry®, Microsoft® and, most successfully, AndroidTM.
Assessing Mobile Technologies In Child Protective Services: An Extended Pilot in New York City's Administration for Children's Services

This project involved a large scale deployment of wireless laptops to CPS workers in New York City's ACS. The pilot ran from August – October 2007 and involved approximately 135 child protective services workers and supervisors in the Staten Island and Williams Street (Manhattan) offices. The report shows the complexity of deploying technology into a well established profession. The study focused on mobility, productivity, and satisfaction, and includes a set of recommendations and future considerations. Abstract
Food for Thought: A Strengths-Based Approach to Examining the Biomedical and Psychological Health of Latino Migrant and Seasonal Farm Workers in Georgia

Inherent in their living and working conditions, Migrant and Seasonal Farm Workers (MSFWs) are exposed to a multitude of environmental and psychosocial stressors that make them susceptible to adverse health outcomes. Utilizing a resilience framework, the current study examined both the physical and psychological health functioning of MSFWs in Georgia, a state heavily reliant on farm worker labor where relatively few research studies with MSFWs have been conducted to date. Based on a sample of 120 Latino, male, MSFWs in South Georgia, results indicated that approximately 1 out of 3 farm workers were at risk for iron-deficiency anemia. Similar to other psychological health studies conducted with MSFWs located in the Eastern U.S., the prevalence rate of depression in the current sample was elevated. MSFW stress was found to be a risk factor for psychological health and positive well-being and accurate farm worker expectations were found to be assets associated with better psychological health outcomes. Farm worker expectations was also found to be a protective factor for physical health such that having accurate expectations buffered the relationship between MSFW stress and adverse biomedical health. Results show the usefulness of the resilience framework, and highlight the importance of establishing prevention, intervention, and policy efforts for MSFWs that aim to increase assets and minimize risk in this population. INDEX WORDS: Migrant farm worker, Latino/Hispanic, Health, Resilience FOOD FOR THOUGHT: A STRENGTHS-BASED APPROACH TO EXAMINING THE BIOMEDICAL AND PSYCHOLOGICAL HEALTH OF LATINO MIGRANT AND SEASONAL FARM WORKERS IN GEORGIA
Noninvasive Assessment of Oxygen Extraction Fraction in Chronic Ischemia Using Quantitative Susceptibility Mapping at 7 Tesla

Background and Purpose— The oxygen extraction fraction (OEF) is an effective metric to evaluate metabolic reserve in chronic ischemia. However, OEF is considered to be accurately measured only when using positron emission tomography (PET). Thus, we investigated whether OEF maps generated by magnetic resonance quantitative susceptibility mapping (QSM) at 7 Tesla enabled detection of OEF changes when compared with those obtained with PET. Methods— Forty-one patients with chronic stenosis/occlusion of the unilateral internal carotid artery or middle cerebral artery were examined using 7 Tesla-MRI and PET scanners. QSM images were obtained from 3-dimensional T2*-weighted images, using a multiple dipole-inversion algorithm. OEF maps were generated based on susceptibility differences between venous structures and brain tissues on QSM images. OEF ratios of the ipsilateral middle cerebral artery territory against the contralateral side were calculated on the QSM-OEF and PET-OEF images, using an anatomic template. Results— The OEF ratio in the middle cerebral artery territory showed significant correlations between QSM-OEF and PET-OEF maps (r=0.69; P<0.001), especially in patients with a substantial increase in the PET-OEF ratio of 1.09 (r=0.79; P=0.004), although showing significant systematic biases for the agreements. An increased QSM-OEF ratio of >1.09, as determined by receiver operating characteristic analysis, showed a sensitivity and specificity of 0.82 and 0.86, respectively, for the substantial increase in the PET-OEF ratio. Absolute QSM-OEF values were significantly correlated with PET-OEF values in the patients with increased PET-OEF. Conclusions— OEF ratios on QSM-OEF images at 7 Tesla showed a good correlation with those on PET-OEF images in patients with unilateral steno-occlusive internal carotid artery/middle cerebral artery lesions, suggesting that noninvasive OEF measurement by MRI can be a substitute for PET.
Association of seminal plasma cadmium levels with semen quality in non-occupationally exposed infertile Nigerian males -

Aim: Male infertility of unknown etiology may be attributed to various environmental exposures to toxic substances such as metals. Very few human studies have evaluated the relationship between male reproductive function and toxic metal concentrations in seminal plasma in Nigeria. The objective of this study was to evaluate the levels of cadmium in seminal plasma of non-occupationally exposed infertile Nigerian males and correlate their levels with semen quality. Materials and Methods: A total of 80 subjects were enrolled, which includes 60 infertile males on a routine visit to the University of Benin Teaching Hospital, Benin City and 20 fertile males (controls). The concentration of cadmium in seminal plasma was measured using atomic absorption spectrophotometer. Semen analyses were performed according to World Health Organization standard. Results: Mean seminal plasma cadmium level was significantly higher (P < 0.001) in infertile males compared with controls. The toxic metal correlated negatively (P
Downregulation of MicroRNA-644a Promotes Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma Aggressiveness and Stem Cell–like Phenotype via Dysregulation of PITX2

Purpose: We previously reported the oncogenic role of paired-like homeodomain 2 (PITX2) in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC). In this study, we aimed to identify the miRNA regulators of PITX2 and the mechanism underlying the pathogenesis of ESCC. Experimental Design: Using miRNA profiling and bioinformatics analyses, we identified miR-644a as a negative mediator of PITX2 in ESCC. A series of in vivo and in vitro assays were performed to confirm the effect of miR-644a on PITX2-mediated ESCC malignancy. Results: ESCC cells and tissues expressed less miR-644a than normal epithelial controls. In patient samples, lower expression of miR-644a in ESCC tissues was significantly correlated with tumor recurrence and/or metastasis, such that miR-644a, PITX2, and the combination of the two were independent prognostic indicators for ESCC patient's survival (P < 0.05). Gain- and loss-of-function studies demonstrated that miR-644a inhibited ESCC cell growth, migration, and invasion in vitro and suppressed tumor growth and metastasis in vivo. In addition, miR-644a dramatically suppressed self-renewal and stem cell–like traits in ESCC cells. Furthermore, the effect of upregulation of miR-644a was similar to that of PITX2 knockdown in ESCC cells. Mechanistic studies revealed that miR-644a attenuates ESCC cells' malignancy and stem cell–associated phenotype, at least partially, by inactivation of the Akt/GSK-3β/β-catenin signaling pathway through PITX2. Furthermore, promoter hypermethylation caused downregulation of miR-644a in ESCC. Conclusions: Downregulation of miR-644a plays an important role in promoting both aggressiveness and stem-like traits of ESCC cells, suggesting that miR-644a may be useful as a novel prognostic biomarker or therapeutic target for the disease. Clin Cancer Res; 23(1); 298–310. ©2016 AACR.
CELLULAR MECHANISMS MEDIATING THE ACTIONS OF NERVE GROWTH FACTOR IN SENSORY NEURONS

Kellie Adrienne Park CELLULAR MECHANISMS MEDIATING THE ACTIONS OF NERVE GROWTH FACTOR IN SENSORY NEURONS Nerve growth factor (NGF) is a neurotrophin upregulated with injury and inflammation. Peripheral administration of NGF causes hyperalgesia and allodynia in animals. Blocking NGF signaling reverses these effects. At the cellular level, chronic exposure of sensory neurons to NGF enhances expression the neurotransmitter, calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP). Acute exposure to NGF increases capsaicin-evoked CGRP release from sensory neurons in culture. Thus, NGF increases peptide release from neurons by: (1) increasing expression of peptides, and/or (2) altering their sensitivity. The increase in peptide outflow by either mechanism could contribute to development of hyperalgesia and allodynia. The signaling cascades mediating the actions of NGF in sensory neurons are unclear. Therefore, experiments were designed to determine which pathways regulate changes in iCGRP content and evoked release from primary sensory neurons in culture. The Ras/MEK/ERK cascade was identified as a possible regulator of iCGRP expression in response to NGF. To test this pathway, it was manipulated in neurons by (1) expression of dominant negative or constitutively active isoforms of Ras, (2) farnesyltransferase inhibition, (3) manipulation of the RasGAP, synGAP, and (4) blocking MEK activity. When the pathway was blocked, the NGF-induced increase in iCGRP expression was attenuated. When the Ras pathway was activated, iCGRP expression increased. These data
Grief in old age

Much of Parkes’ thorough review of bereavement in the elderly in a previous issue of this journal is still highly relevant. Advances in our understanding of bereavement are surprisingly slow for a condition which is ubiquitous, and there are still disappointing gaps in our knowledge. A common difficulty for researchers in this field, and for clinicians reading their papers, is the problem of selection bias. Participants in studies on bereavement are often white and middle class. More often than not, grief research focuses on bereaved spouses rather than blood relatives or friends of the deceased. In addition, much research on bereavement originates from the USA, so the findings may not be as relevant in other countries. Lastly, of particular relevance to this paper, although many studies of grief purport to be of ‘older’ samples, closer inspection of the paper will often reveal a surprisingly young mean age; people over 75 are often excluded from bereavement research. These biases must be borne in mind when interpreting the findings from the studies discussed in this review.
Therapeutic Drug Monitoring: Role for a Pharmacist in Multidisciplinary Antiretroviral Management

The current treatment guidelines for HIV pharmacotherapy recommend combinations of antiretrovirals (ARVs) to achieve optimal suppression of HIV replication. However, the initiation and long-term management of ARV therapy in a patient is often complicated by variable medication adherence, complex medication use with multiple drug interactions, the occurrence of drug toxicity, and drug therapy for comorbid conditions that require additional patient education and laboratory monitoring. For these reasons, the inclusion of a well-trained pharmacist in multidisciplinary health system management strategies has been increasing. Furthermore, the use of fixed-dose ARVs is accompanied by considerable interpatient variation in pharmacokinetics yielding a range of drug exposures from any given ARV dose. One approach to overcoming this variable drug exposure is to use plasma concentration monitoring (eg, therapeutic drug monitoring [TDM]) as a clinical tool to adjust doses to achieve targeted concentration ranges, often in conjunction with HIV resistance tests. While data in support of TDM are emerging, the development of programs that include an HIV pharmaceutical care specialist and an adherence program with an integrated clinical pharmacology resource that can provide reliable TDM assays has been reported and provides the rationale for including pharmacists in the implementation of ARV TDM programs.
Orthopaedic surgeons are highly satisfied with their careers: results from a nationwide cross-sectional study

Introduction: High job satisfaction has positive outcomes for patients, health institutions and surgeons. There has been no work into job satisfaction primarily among Australian orthopaedic surgeons and its driving and deterrent factors. The aim of this study was to assess job satisfaction and associated factors among Australian orthopaedic surgeons. Method: We conducted a nationwide survey using a 24-item questionnaire consisting of a self-developed item set of 14 questions and a 10-question modified version of Warr-Cook-Wall Job Satisfaction instrument to assess job satisfaction. The survey was emailed to 1393 orthopaedic surgeon members of the Australian Orthopaedic Association. Results: 217 surgeons completed the survey. 88% of responders were either very satisfied or moderately satisfied with their jobs. 20% of responders were dissatisfied with their hours of work and a further 15% of responders were dissatisfied with the lack of recognition they get for good work. Surgeons with higher job satisfaction were less likely to feel that workload severely compromises their personal/family life (p<0.001), have better perceived self-health (p=0.04) and were less likely to have considered leaving orthopaedic surgery in the last year (p<0.001). Discussion: Australian orthopaedic surgeons are highly satisfied with their jobs. There may be a role for active interventions aimed at improving hours of work and work-life balance.
Do Smoking Bans Reduce Heart Attacks

Recent newspaper articles have heralded studies concluding that smoking bans lead to dramatic decreases in the annual incidence of acute myocardial infarction (AMI). 1-3 Coupled with studies concluding that bans never harm businesses and that environmental tobacco smoke (ETS) significantly endangers health of nonsmokers, studies claiming AMI reduction have provided governments with additional evidence to support bans in the name of public health. 4,5
Effect of the Rehabilitation Setting on Motivation and Clinical Outcomes Post Stroke - a Pilot Study

Background Previous research suggests that the rehabilitation setting can influence both motivation for rehabilitation and adherence to the rehabilitation programme. These two factors are considered important determinants of rehabilitation outcomes. Community rehabilitation is delivered at home or in a clinic, with clinic-based rehabilitation being provided either individually or in a group. Although research has shown that group exercise programmes can positively influence mobility outcomes following stroke, no community-based study has directly compared group and individual rehabilitation programmes using a similar content, to determine the effect on motivation and mobility outcomes. Purpose The purpose of this non-experimental pilot study was to undertake the feasibility work for a future randomised controlled trial (RCT) that would investigate whether the rehabilitation setting influences motivation for rehabilitation and clinical outcomes in patients with stroke. The motivation levels of two groups of participants undergoing community-based rehabilitation following stroke (group clinic-based and individual home-based rehabilitation) were evaluated to provide information about the required sample size for a future RCT. In addition, walking ability and adherence to the rehabilitation programme were compared in the two rehabilitation settings. Methods Sixteen participants, with a primary diagnosis of stroke, and who were referred for rehabilitation to the Community Rehabilitation Team in Wellington, were recruited. Participants completed rehabilitation in either a group clinic-based or individual home-based setting for up to eight weeks. Two motivation questionnaires, the Apathy Evaluation Scale (AES) and the Intrinsic Motivation Inventory (IMI), were administered and the Six Minute Walk Test (6MWT) was measured. Participants completed an exercise adherence diary to measure adherence to the prescribed home exercise programme (HEP), and the treating physiotherapist documented adherence to the rehabilitation sessions.