Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A STUDY OF THE SHAPE, HEIGHT AND LOCATION OF THE LINGULA IN DRY HUMAN MANDIBLES

Corresponding Author: Dr. Vaishali Sarve, Dental Surgeon, Department of Orthodontics, Government Dental College, Nagpur, Maharashtra State, India. E-Mail: vaishali.sarve@yahoo.in Aim: The present study aims to analyze the shapes of the lingula, its height and relationship with the mandibular ramal landmarks. Material and Methods: Dried mandibles were included in the study without sex differentiation. The shape of the lingula was studied in 60 mandibles. In each mandible, the lingula was scored using the classification proposed by Tuli et al (2000) i.e., triangular, truncated, nodular and assimilated. 120 sides of mandibles were studied for various measurements, using sliding caliper. Results: The most common shape of the lingula was found to be ‘triangular’ and the least common was ‘assimilated’. The mean height of the lingula was 7.77 +1.8 mm. The mean distance of the lingula from anterior border, posterior border and notch of the mandibular ramus was 17.38 +2.52 mm, 15.96 +1.91 mm and 16.26 +2.36 mm respectively. Conclusion: This study provides information regarding shape, height, and location of the lingula. Thus, the study will assist surgeons to locate the lingula and avoid intraoperative complications.
KETERAMPILAN RISET MAHASISWA BIOLOGI DAN PENDIDIKAN BIOLOGI; ANALISIS BERDASARKAN REFLEKSI PERSONAL

Trough undergraduate research implementation, undegraduate students were practice planning, conducting, and reporting their research in order to complete their study. At all stages of the research, students are usually guided by two lecturer who act as research mentors. The problem that often arise related to the implementation of this research is the length of the completion time of research that exceeds the standards set by the departement. The problem it self potentially critical becouse it’s one of the indicators that determine the value of department accreditation . Considering that, students difficulties identification which was faced in their research needed. Descriptive approach was chosen to conduct this research. Student teacher of biology (n:50) and biology student (n:35) are the subject of this research. Skill questionnaire was developed in order to collect research skills information based on student personal reflection. It is known that dominantly all the research subject have difficulties in every research stages, and respectively from the highest is conducting stage, reporting stage, and finnaly planning stage. Certainly this results should be considered by the mentors and earlier attention should be given in the planning stage of the research, because if mentors can be ensure that student understand about what they design in the planning stage, difficulties in the following research stages can be avoided.
The Survey of Affecting Factors on Employees' Creativity and Innovation from the perspective of Personnel of the Hashemi nejad Hospital in Tehran: 2011

Background & Objectives: Hospital is one of the most important public organizations which similar to other community organizations, for its survival and development requires creative and innovative managers and employees. So, this study aimed to identify the most important affecting factors on employee's creativity and innovation from the perspective of Hashemi nejad Hospital's personals. Material & Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted in 2011. The study population was composed of Hashemi nejad hospital staff in Tehran city. By using of stratification and randomized sampling method, 200 employees of hospital were selected. Data also was collected by a standard questionnaire (including of affecting factors on creativity and innovation and demographic factors). The data was analyzed using statistical tests by software SPSS16 . Result: Results Showed that the most important influencing individual and organizational factors on creativity were having an adequate perception to the subject (Mean=1.60) and stimulating the rewards (Mean=1.54) respectively. On the other hand, the most important individual and organizational affecting factors on innovation were patience in implementing new ideas (Mean=1.35) and providing sufficient budget for doing research projects (Mean=1.49), correspondingly. Conclusion: To enhance creativity, payment systems need to be modified and personnel should be trained in a creative thinking way. Furthermore, to promote innovation, the necessary resources for implementing ideas should be provided and people with innovative ideas be supported.
A Broadband E-band Driver Amplifier in 0.1 μm GaAs pHEMT Technology

A broadband E-band driver amplifier fabricated in 0.1 μm GaAs pHEMT technology is proposed in this paper. The amplifier is composed of three common-source stages. To realize the wide bandwidth, high order matching networks are utilized, and the center frequency of each stage is separated. Measure-ments show a peak small-signal gain of 18.3 dB at 66 GHz with a relative 3-dB bandwidth of 42.5% (61–94 GHz). The saturated output power is greater than 15 dBm in the 3-dB bandwidth frequency range with a peak of 18.7 dBm at 75 GHz. The amplifier draws a 152 mA current with a supply voltage of 4 V and the size is 1.1x0. 8 mm2 including pads. The results show that the pro-posed driver amplifier achieves competitive gain and remarkable bandwidth in E-band.
Role of ErbB2 and ErbB4 in Cancer Growth, Prognosis and as Targets for Immunotherapy

ErbB receptors (EGFR, ErbB2, ErbB3 and ErbB4) are growth factor receptors that regulate signals of cell differentiation, proliferation, migration and survival. Inappropriate activation of these receptors is associated with the development and severity of many cancers and has prognostic and predictive value in cancer therapy. Drugs, such as therapeutic antibodies, targeted against EGFR and ErbB2, are currently used in therapy of breast, colorectal and head and neck cancers. The role of ErbB4 in tumorigenesis has remained relatively poorly understood. Alternative splicing produces four different isoforms of one ErbB4 gene. These isoforms (JM-a, JM-b, CYT-1 and CYT-2) are functionally dissimilar and proposed to have different roles in carcinogenesis. The juxtamembrane form JM-a undergoes regulated intramembrane proteolysis producing a soluble receptor ectodomain and an intracellular domain that translocates into the nucleus and regulates transcription. Nuclear signaling via JM-a isoform stimulates cancer cell proliferation. This study aimed to develop antibodies targeting the proposed oncogenic ErbB4 JM-a isoform that show potential in inhibiting ErbB4 dependent tumorigenesis. Also, the clinical relevance of ErbB4 shedding in cancer was studied. The currently used monoclonal antibody trastuzumab, targeting ErbB2, has shown efficacy in breast cancer therapy. In this study novel tissues with ErbB2 amplification and trastuzumab sensitivity were analyzed. The results of this study indicated that a subpopulation of breast cancer patients demonstrate increased shedding and cleavage of ErbB4. A JM-a isoform-specific antibody that inhibited ErbB4 shedding and consequent activation of ErbB4 had anti-tumor activity both in vitro and in vivo. Thus, ErbB4 shedding associates with tumor growth and specific targeting of the cleavable JM-a isoform could be considered as a strategy for developing novel ErbB-based cancer drugs. In addition, it was demonstrated that ErbB2 amplification is common in intestinal type gastric cancers with poor clinical outcome. Trastuzumab inhibited growth of gastric and breast cancer cells with equal efficacy. Thus, ErbB2 may be a useful target in gastric cancer.
Multi-Cultural Perspective In The Teaching Of Islamic Education In Malaysia

Cultural diversity in the education system can be seen through the various dimensions including intellectual intelligence, gender, race, ethnicity, values and family background. These varieties have implications for teaching and student learning culture. In the teaching of Islamic education, teacher's perspective on the concept of cultural diversity will give a clearer picture of the actions, decisions and practices in the classroom. Thus, this qualitative study will explore teachers' understanding of cultural diversity among the students. Semi-structured interviews were used to obtain the excellent teachers' understanding of the concept of multiculturalism, which involves seven outstanding teacher of Islamic education as study participants. The study found that teachers have given four main themes in discussing the concept of cultural diversity in the teaching of Islam that encompasses various religious practices, various values, diversity of peoples and nations and languages. Understanding of different cultures help Islamic Education teachers to understand the way people live and everyday practice of student life, thus can provide an equitable education to meet the needs of different students. It is hoped that this study will open the minds of Islamic Education teachers who had only used examples involving Malay Muslim students regardless of students with different cultural backgrounds. Besides, it also can eliminate prejudices and racial stereotypes in order to foster positive attitudes and respect for differences on ethnicity, race, and culture
Size-Segregated Particulate Matter in a Selected Sports Facility in Poland

The aims of this study were to determine the concentration of particulate matter, analyze the percentage share of four particulate matter subfractions (PM 1 , PM 2.5 , PM 4 , PM 10 ) in TSP (total mass of particulate matter (PM)) in a typical Polish sports hall at different day periods during heating and non-heating seasons, and compare the average daily doses of respirable dust (PM 4 ) for three groups of the sports hall users (pupils, teachers, and athletes). Gravimetric measurements of PM 4 and TSP concentrations and optical measurements of the concentrations of five PM fractions (PM 1 , PM 2.5 , PM 4 , PM 10 , PM 100 ) were conducted for 8 h a day, simultaneously inside and outside the hall, for 20 days each in summer and winter. During training, PM mass was concentrated mainly in coarse particles (PM 2.5–100 ) (summer—55%, winter—35%). Without activity, the main part of PM mass was from fine particles (PM 2.5 , summer—59%, winter—75%). In summer, PM inside the hall originated mainly from internal sources. In winter, the fine PM concentration was affected by outdoor sources. The daily doses of PM 4 for different groups of sports hall users indicate that the health exposure of sports practitioners to PM may be greater than for non-practitioners staying in the same conditions.
Circumpolar Thin Arctic Sea Ice Thickness and Small-Scale Roughness Retrieval Using Soil Moisture and Ocean Salinity and Soil Moisture Active Passive Observations

The variations in the Arctic sea ice thickness (SIT) due to climate change have both positive and negative effects on commercial human activities, the ecosystem, and the Earth’s environment. Satellite microwave remote sensing based on microwave reflection signals reflected by the sea ice surface has been playing an essential role in monitoring and analyzing the Arctic SIT and sea ice concentration (SIC) during the past decades. Recently, passive microwave satellites incorporating an L-band radiometer, such as soil moisture and ocean salinity (SMOS) and soil moisture active passive (SMAP), have been used for analyzing sea ice characteristics, in addition to land and ocean research. In this study, we present a novel method to estimate thin SIT and sea ice roughness (SIR) using a conversion relationship between them, from the SMAP and SMOS data. Methodologically, the SMAP SIR is retrieved. The SMAP thin SIT and SMOS SIR are estimated using a conversion relationship between thin SIT data from SMOS data and SMAP-derived SIR, which is obtained from the spatial and temporal collocation of the SMOS thin SIT and the SIR retrieved from SMAP. Our results for the Arctic sea ice during December for four consecutive years from 2015 to 2018, show high accuracy (bias = −2.268 cm, root mean square error (RMSE) = 15.919 cm, and correlation coefficient (CC) = 0.414) between the SMOS-provided thin SIT and SMAP-derived SIT, and good agreement (bias = 0.03 cm, RMSE = 0.228 cm, and CC = 0.496) between the SMOS-estimated SIR and SMAP-retrieved SIR. Consequently, our study could be effectively used for monitoring and analyzing the variation in the Arctic sea ice.
Association between Serum Gamma-Glutamyl Transferase and Thyroid Cancer in an Ultrasonographically Screened Population

Copyright c 2015, the Korean Thyroid Association. All rights reserved. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http:// creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/), which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Association between Serum Gamma-Glutamyl Transferase and Thyroid Cancer in an Ultrasonographically Screened Population Ji Min Han, Tae Yong Kim, Won Gu Kim, Dong Eun Song, Suck Joon Hong, Sung Jin Bae, Hong-Kyu Kim, Young Kee Shong and Won Bae Kim Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, Samsung Changwon Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Changwon, Departments of Internal Medicine, Pathology, Surgery, and Health Screening & Promotion Center, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
Intracellular Background Estimation for Quantitative Fluorescence Microscopy

Fluorescently targeted proteins are widely used for studies of intracellular organelles dynamic. Peripheral proteins are transiently associated with organelles and a significant fraction of them are located at the cytosol. Image analysis of peripheral proteins poses a problem on properly discriminating membrane-associated signal from the cytosolic one. In most cases, signals from organelles are compact in comparison with diffuse signal from cytosol. Commonly used methods for background estimation depend on the assumption that background and foreground signals are separable by spatial frequency filters. However, large non-stained organelles (e.g., nuclei) result in abrupt changes in the cytosol intensity and lead to errors in the background estimation. Such mistakes result in artifacts in the reconstructed foreground signal. We developed a new algorithm that estimates background intensity in fluorescence microscopy images and does not produce artifacts on the borders of nuclei.
Cooling Technologies for High Power Density Electrical Machines for Aviation Applications

This paper is aimed at giving an overview of possible cooling technologies for electrical machines and their assessment for aviation applications, e.g., fan or propeller drives. The most important demand for aircraft is the minimization of the drive system weight comprising electrical machine, power electronics, and the cooling system. The potential of aluminum winding an overview about several cooling technologies with the Rankine or Brayton cycle or utilizing the phase change of the cooling fluid is given. As an alternative approach, the cooling structure inside the machine is studied. A very interesting potential was discovered with direct slot cooling (DSC) removing the heat where it is produced and, thus, simplifying the cooling system effort and its weight. Since it is one of the most promising approaches, this cooling method is studied in depth. Furthermore, it can also be combined with one of the cooling technologies discussed above.
Thai Named Entity Tagged Corpus Annotation Scheme and Self Verification

In this paper, we propose a method to clean up the existing named entity (NE) corpus and verify its consistency in creating a model for the named entity recognition (NER) task, especially for the low resource language such as Thai. To create a task specific Thai language corpus, we heavily rely on many fundamental language tools in morphological analysis pre-processing, which can propagate the errors affecting the preciseness of the acquire model. We adopted a collection for NE corpus prepared by THAI-NEST, verified its annotation consistency and iteratively re-annotated it with the created model. We found that most of the errors are caused by human errors in word segmentation and NE tag interpretation. Each cycle in applying our new model, the higher accuracy can be measured and resulted in a list of errors for correction. Moreover, the original THAI-NEST provides only one NE tag for a file. Therefore, only one model can be created at a time. We extensively conducted the cross annotation among the seven NE tagged files to increase the number of NE tags and to prepare for additional NE tag context capturing in NER model development. The revised NE tagged corpus is finally verified with the best BiLSTM-CNN-CRF model with word, part-of-speech and character embedding approach. The results of the experiment show the effectiveness of the self verification which increases the accuracy up to 12%.
Does Nut Consumption Reduce Mortality and/or Risk of Cardiometabolic Disease? An Updated Review Based on Meta-Analyses

Aim We aimed to determine if nut consumption decreases mortality and/or the risk of cardiometabolic diseases based on updated meta-analyses of epidemiological and intervention studies. Methods. An updated electronic search was conducted in PubMed/MEDLINE, Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL), and the Cochrane Library databases for original meta-analyses to investigate the effects of nut consumption on cardiometabolic disease in humans. Results. Seven new meta-analyses were included in this updated review. Findings similar to our previous review were observed, showing that nut consumption significantly decreased cardiovascular disease (CVD) mortality (−19% to −25%; n = 4), coronary heart disease (CHD) mortality (−24% to −30%; n = 3), stroke mortality (−17% to −18%; n = 3), CVD incidence (−15% to −19 %; n = 4), CHD [or coronary artery disease (CAD)] incidence (−17% to −34%; n = 8), and stroke incidence (−10% to −11%; n = 6) comparing high with low categories of nut consumption. Fasting glucose levels (0.08 to 0.15 mmol/L; n = 6), total cholesterol (TC; 0.021 to 0.30 mmol/L; n = 10), and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C; 0.017 to 0.26 mmol/L; n = 10) were significantly decreased with nut consumption compared with control diets. Body weight and blood pressure were not significantly affected by nut consumption. Conclusion. Nut consumption appears to exert a protective effect on cardiometabolic disease, possibly through improved concentrations of fasting glucose, total cholesterol, and LDL-C.
Control of Organic Superconducting Field-Effect Transistor by Cooling Rate

A new superconducting field-effect transistor (FET) in the vicinity of bandwidth-controlled Mott transition was developed using molecular strongly correlated system κ-(BEDT-TTF)2Cu[N(CN)2]Br [BEDT-TTF = bis(ethylenedithio)tetrathiafulvalene] laminated on CaF2 substrate. This device exhibited significant cooling-rate dependence of resistance below about 80 K, associated with glass transition of terminal ethylene group of BEDT-TTF molecule, where more rapid cooling through glass transition temperature leads to the decrease in bandwidth. We demonstrated that the FET properties such as ON/OFF ratio and polarity can be controlled by utilizing cooling rate. Our result may give a novel insight into the design of molecule-based functional devices.
Gelatinization of Intact Starch in Wheat Grains during the Cooking Process

This study investigates the gelatinization of intact starch in wheat grains during the cooking process. Mixed varieties of Australian soft wheat samples were cooked in various cooking temperatures and times (110-140oC for 20-120 min). Gelatinized starches were investigated, without isolation from cooked wheat, using various techniques including a modulated temperature differential scanning calorimetry (MTDSC), light microscope (LM), scanning electron microscope (SEM), Rapid Visco-Analyzer (RVA) and X-ray diffraction (XRD). MTDSC detected that starches were completely gelatinized within 60-80 min for cooking temperatures at 110-120oC and within 20 min when cooking at 130-140oC. Both LM and SEM clearly showed the swelling and melting of starch granules as the cooking proceeded. Gelatinized starches in cooked wheat samples resulted in the decrease of viscosity in their RVA profiles. XRD showed a V-type superimposed pattern over an A-type in cooked wheat.
WST 49.10-T14 CORR

A new process configuration combining anaerobic digestion with ozonation, and operated at long SRT, was studied with the objective of on-site reduction in sludge quantity and improving biogas recovery. The process performance with respect to solid reduction efficiency and other important process parameters like accumulation of inorganic solids, changes in sludge viscosity and dewatering characteristics were evaluated from the data of long term pilot scale continuous experiments conducted using a mixture of primary and secondary municipal sewage sludge. Due to sludge ozonation and long SRT, high VSS degradation efficiency of approximately 80% was achieved at a reactor solid concentration of 6.5%. A high fraction of inorganic solid (>50%) consisting mainly of acid insoluble and iron compounds was found to accumulate in the reactor. The high inorganic content accumulated in the digested sludge did not, however, contribute to the observed increase in sludge viscosity at high solid concentration. The sludge viscosity was largely found to depend on the organic solid concentration rather than the total solid content. Moreover, higher inorganic content in the digested sludge resulted in better sludge dewaterability. For a quick assessment of the economic feasibility of the new process, an economic index based on the unit cost of digested sludge disposal to unit electric cost is proposed.
CT MORPHOMETRY OF TYPICAL CERVICAL VERTEBRAL PEDICLES FOR CLINICAL ACCURACY IN CERVICAL PEDICLE SCREW INSERTION

Corresponding Author: Dr. Wasim Hiroli, Assistant Professor Of Anatomy, Govt Medical College, Jalgaon , Maharashtra , India. E-Mail: jalanat33@gmail.com Background: Pedicle screw fixation for midand lower cervical spine reconstruction has a potential risk of injury to surrounding structures. To achieve optimal surgical outcomes, it is therefore necessary that pertinent anatomical data, especially with regard to pedicles and vertebral bodies be considered prior to surgery. Methods: 63 patients were scanned using axial CT parallel to the upper endplate of the vertebral body (C3–C6) with a helical CT scanner. Foramen width (FW), Foramen height (FH), Pedicle width (PW), Foramen angle (FA), Pedicle transverse angle (PTA), Lateral mass angle (LMA) were measured. Mean value and standard deviation of each parameter were calculated. Results: Mean FW ranged from 5.8 to 6.1 mm with non-significant difference from C3 to C6.The mean FH ranged from 4.9 to 5.1 mm, with non-significant differences between each vertebra. The mean PW ranged from 5.3 to 5.8 mm. There were significant differences between each vertebra, except for the PW between C3 and C4. The FA ranged from 17.5 to 18.5. There were significant differences between each vertebra, except for the FA between C3 and C6. The mean PTA ranged from 39.8 to 35.8. The mean LMA ranged from 0.9 to 3.1. There were significant differences between each vertebra, except for the LMA between C4 and C5. The FW and FH exhibited no correlations with PW, PTA or LMA. FA was found to be positively correlated with both PTA and LMA. There was also a positive correlation between PTA and LMA. Conclusion: Anatomical features of the cervical spine using CT to select safer screw insertion techniques are highly recommended. In cases in which insertion of pedicle screws is difficult, Lateral Mass Screw (LMS) can be inserted safely. Whereas when insertion of LMS is difficult, insertion of pedicle screws can be performed easily.