Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Geographic Labor Mobility of Floating Migrant Workers in China: The Impacts of Health Status and Education on Earnings

The geographic labor mobility has been ignored in the studies related to the impacts of health status or education on floating migrant workers’ earnings in China. Based on a dataset collected by the World Bank collaborated with the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences in 2010, we initiate the assessment of geographic mobility and explore the indirect impacts from health, education, and other factors on earnings through it. A relatively poor, single, educated migrant in good health with parent at home working in the manufacturing sector presents the strongest geographic mobility. The comparative results indicate that the total health impacts on earnings are generally underestimated for migrant workers at poor or fair health status and the education advancement has a greater impact on earnings for the majority of migrant workers who exhibit the “healthy migrant effect”. Our findings not only justify the ground of mixed results in the previous studies but also provide policy making implications. Given the concave relationship between health status and geographic labor mobility, the ongoing health care reform in China should provide local affordable services to attract returning migrants and enhance their earnings.
A cable-modem RF tuner

In monolithic integration of cable-modem RF tuners a double-conversion receiver architecture is used. In this paper we present a prototype design of an upconverter and a downconverter unit. The upconverter upconverts a channel from 47-862 MHz input band to around 1575 MHz intermediate frequency. The image-reject downconverter shifts the channel to 36.125 MHz (EU) or to 43.75 MHz (US). The upconverter includes a variable-gain low-noise amplifier, a double balanced mixer, a three-stage VCO bank for LO generation and a divide-by-two circuit for driving an external PLL. The downconverter includes a LNA, image-reject mixers in Hartley configuration, a 3-stage polyphase filter, an IF-amplifier and a SAW driver. For LO generation the circuit includes a 6-GHz on -chip VCO, a divide-by-four circuit quadrature LO and a divide-by-16 for feeding an external PLL. Signal reversal switching in the LO buffer can be used for the selection of LSB/USB injection. All building blocks are presented in this paper and experimental results are given from the upconverter, downconverter, and RF tuner demonstrator including SAW filters with center frequencies at 1575 MHz and 44 MHz. the circuits are fabricated in a 0.9-/spl mu/m SiGe bipolar process.
Modeling intratumor heterogeneity through CRISPR-barcodes

ABSTRACT We have devised a barcoding strategy to recapitulate cancer evolution through the emergence of subclonal mutations of interest, whose effects can be monitored in a dynamic manner. This approach can be easily adapted for a variety of applications, including combined modeling of multiple mechanisms of drug resistance or repair of oncogenic driver mutations in addicted cancer cells.
The joint impact of the European Union emissions trading system on carbon emissions and economic performance

This paper investigates the joint impact of the European Union Emissions Trading System (EU ETS), Europe’s main climate change policy, on carbon emissions and economic performance of regulated companies. The impact on emissions is analysed using installation-level carbon emissions from national Polluting Emissions Registries from France, Netherlands, Norway and the United Kingdom complemented with data from the European Pollutant Release and Transfer Register (E-PRTR). The impact on firm performance is analysed using firm-level data for all countries covered by the EU ETS. A matching methodology exploiting installation-level inclusion criteria combined with difference-in-differences is used to estimate the policy’s causal impact on installations’ emissions and on firms’ revenue, assets, profits and employment. We find that the EU ETS has induced carbon emission reductions in the order of -10% between 2005 and 2012, but had no negative impact on the economic performance of regulated firms. These results demonstrate that concerns that the EU ETS would come at a cost in terms of competitiveness have been vastly overplayed. In fact, we even find that the EU ETS led to an increase in regulated firms’ revenues and fixed assets. We explore various explanations for these findings.
Reliability and validity of the global physical activity questionnaire in Vietnam.

BACKGROUND The Global Physical Activity Questionnaire (GPAQ) was developed as an improvement of the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ) for use in cross-cultural settings. This study compared the reliability and validity of GPAQ and IPAQ in Vietnam. METHODS 251 adults were randomly selected from a population-based survey (n = 1978) of noncommunicable disease risk factors. GPAQ and IPAQ were administered on 2 occasions. Participants wore pedometers and logged their physical activity (PA) for 7 consecutive days. RESULTS Test-retest correlations of GPAQ measurements differed for participants (n = 153) with stable work patterns (work PA r = .43, total PA r = .39) and those (n = 98) with unstable work patterns (work PA r = -0.02, total PA r = -0.05). IPAQ measurements did not differ in this way. GPAQ reliability was poorer for transport (GPAQ r = .25, IPAQ r = .60) and for leisure (GPAQ r = .21, IPAQ r = .45) PA. GPAQ estimates of total PA for participants with stable work patterns were moderately correlated with IPAQ total PA (r = .32), steps per day (r = .39), and PA log (r = .31). CONCLUSIONS The modifications made when designing GPAQ improved its reliability for persons with stable work patterns, but at the expense of poorer reliability for persons with more variable PA. GPAQ did not have superior validity to IPAQ.
Increasing Prevalence of Type 2 Diabetes in Chinese Adults in Shanghai

OBJECTIVE Our objective was to determine the secular trend in prevalence of type 2 diabetes in Shanghai, China. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS Two consecutive population-based surveys for type 2 diabetes were conducted in randomly selected adults aged 35–74 years in Shanghai in 2002–2003 (n = 12,329) and in 2009 (n = 7,423). Diagnosed type 2 diabetes was determined based on self-report, whereas those undiagnosed were identified by measured fasting and postload glucose according to 2009 American Diabetes Association criteria. RESULTS Age-standardized prevalence of diagnosed and undiagnosed type 2 diabetes increased from 5.1 and 4.6% in 2002–2003 to 7.4 and 5.2% in 2009. The prevalence of type 2 diabetes increased with age and was higher among men and in urban residents in both surveys (P < 0.001). Between the two surveys, the increase in the prevalence was more evident in the rural population (P < 0.001) and appeared more rapid in younger birth cohorts (P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS Our results suggest that Shanghai has experienced an increasing burden of type 2 diabetes.
Continuous Electrical Stimulation as a Helpful Adjunct During Intraoperative Facial Nerve Monitoring

Routine intraoperative monitoring of facial function has been used since 1985. An adaptor has been developed for continuous stimulation (SACS) to be used with the new WR-S8, Monitor/Stimulation The SACS allows the microsurgical instruments and air drills to be electrified and to function as probe tips during surgical dissection. The new WR-S8 Monitor/Stimulator has an ultrasensitive strain gauge that detects facial movement before it is palpable. The remote probe allows an assistant to adjust the current easily. The routine use of facial nerve monitoring with SACS has decreased surgical time, has helped prevent iatrogenic injuries, and has improved our ability to save the facial nerve during otologic and neuro-otologic surgery.
A comparative evaluation of bovine-derived xenograft (Bio-Oss Collagen) and type I collagen membrane (Bio-Gide) with bovine-derived xenograft (Bio-Oss Collagen) and fibrin fibronectin sealing system (TISSEEL) in the treatment of intrabony defects: A clinico-radiographic study

Background and Objectives: The purpose of this study was to compare the efficacy of bovine-derived xenograft (Bio-Oss Collagen) and Type I collagen membrane (Bio-Gide) with bovine-derived xenograft (Bio-Oss Collagen) and fibrin fibronectin sealing system (TISSEEL) in the treatment of periodontal infrabony defects. Materials and Methods: Fourteen healthy patients in the age range of 20 to 60 years, showing bilateral or contralateral infrabony defects were selected. The defects were assigned randomly to Site A (bovine-derived xenograft [Bio-Oss Collagen] with bioresorbable Type I collagen membrane [Bio-Gide]) and Site B (fibrin fibronectin sealing system [TISSEEL] with bovine-derived xenograft [Bio-Oss Collagen]). The radiographic parameters were recorded at baseline, 6 months, and 9 months postoperatively. Results: All fourteen patients returned for recall at regular intervals till the completion of the study. Both the experimental groups showed clinically and radiographically statistically significant reduction in probing pocket depth and gain in clinical attachment level. Conclusion: Both groups showed potential for enhancing the periodontal regeneration with no statistically significant between the two groups; however, on comparison the Bio-Oss Collagen and TISSEEL group were slightly better.
Taking the challenge: A protocolized approach to optimize Pneumocystis pneumonia prophylaxis in renal transplant recipients

While trimethoprim‐sulfamethoxazole is considered first‐line therapy for Pneumocystis pneumonia prevention in renal transplant recipients, reported adverse drug reactions may limit use and increase reliance on costly and less effective alternatives, often aerosolized pentamidine. We report our experience implementing a protocolized approach to trimethoprim‐sulfamethoxazole adverse drug reaction assessment and rechallenge to optimize prophylaxis in this patient cohort. We retrospectively reviewed 119 patients receiving Pneumocystis pneumonia prophylaxis prior to and after protocol implementation. Forty‐two patients (35%) had 48 trimethoprim‐sulfamethoxazole adverse drug reactions documented either at baseline or during the prophylaxis period, of which 83% were non‐immune‐mediated and 17% were immune‐mediated. Significantly more patients underwent trimethoprim‐sulfamethoxazole rechallenge after protocol implementation (4/22 vs 23/27; P = .0001), with no recurrence of adverse drug reactions in 74%. In those who experienced a new or recurrent reaction (26%), all were mild and self‐limiting with only 1 recurrence of an immune‐mediated reaction. After protocol implementation, aerosolized pentamidine‐associated costs were reduced. The introduction of a standard approach to trimethoprim‐sulfamethoxazole rechallenge in the context of both prior immune and non‐immune‐mediated reactions was safe and successful in improving the uptake of first‐line Pneumocystis pneumonia prophylaxis in renal transplant recipients.
On the simultaneous deployment of two single-particle mass spectrometers at an urban background and a roadside site during SAPUSS

Abstract. The aerosol time-of-flight mass spectrometer (ATOFMS) provides size-resolved information on the chemical composition of single particles with high time resolution. Within SAPUSS (Solving Aerosol Problems by Using Synergistic Strategies), continuous ATOFMS measurements of ambient particles were made simultaneously at two urban locations: urban background (UB) site and roadside (RS) site in the city of Barcelona (Spain) from 17 September to 18 October 2010. Two different instrumental configurations were used: ATOFMS (TSI 3800) with a converging nozzle inlet (high efficiency at about 800–2000 nm) at the UB site and ATOFMS (TSI 3800-100) with an aerodynamic lens inlet (high efficiency at about 300–700 nm) at the RS site. This is the first time, to our knowledge, that two ATOFMS instruments have been deployed in the same field study. The different instrument configurations had an impact on the observed particle types at the two sites. Nevertheless, 10 particle types were detected at both locations, including local and regional elemental carbon (22.7–58.9 % of total particles), fresh and aged sea salt (1.0–14.6 %), local and regional nitrate-containing aerosols (3–11.6 %), local lead-containing metallic particles (0.1–0.2 %), and transported Fe-nitrate particles (0.8–2.5 %). The ATOFMS at the UB also characterized four particle types: calcium-containing dust (0.9 %), Saharan dust (1.3 %), vanadium-containing particles (0.9 %), and vegetative debris (1.7 %). By contrast, the high statistical counts of fine particles detected at the RS allowed identification of eight particle types. Four of these contained organic nitrogen of primary and secondary origin, which highlights the complex nature of the sources and processes that contribute to this aerosol chemical component. Aminium salts were found related to coarse sulfate-rich particle types, suggesting heterogeneous reaction mechanisms for their formation. The other four particle types mainly containing organic carbon were found spiking at different types of the day, also showing a complex single-particle mixing state relationship between organic carbon and nitrate. This ATOFMS study clearly shows that the composition of atmospheric fine particles in Barcelona, and likely other Mediterranean urban areas, is complex, with a wide range of local and regional sources combining with chemical processing to produce at least 22 different particle types exhibiting different temporal behaviour. The advantage of using two ATOFMS instruments is also demonstrated, with the nozzle-skimmer configuration enabling detection of coarse dust particles and the aerodynamic lens configuration allowing better identification of particles rich in organic carbon and amines. Overall, we find that organic nitrogen is a considerable fraction of the single particles detected, especially at the traffic-dominated RS site. Further studies are needed, especially at high time resolution, to better understand the sources and properties of particulate organic nitrogen.
A conceptual framework for hybrid system dynamics and discrete event simulation for healthcare

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to develop a generic framework for hybrid (integrated deployment of system dynamics and discrete event simulation) simulation which can be applied in the healthcare domain.Design/methodology/approach – As hybrid simulation in an organisational context is a new topic with limited available data on deployment of hybrid simulation in organisational context, an inductive approach has been applied. On the basis of knowledge induced from literature, a generic conceptual framework for hybrid simulation has been developed. The proposed framework is demonstrated using an explanatory case study comprising an accident and emergency (AE as ag.
The Exploration of Engineering Hybrid Modeling Strategies Applied to World Cup Soccer

Given the challenges of modeling multi-scale social phenomena, hybrids may hold the key to unlocking social complexity dynamics. We introduce hybrid system modeling from engineering, as a means to capture complex dynamics within interacting, multi-scale, and global social systems. Whereby hybrid modeling is used in industrial processes and automated control systems, this research uses world cup soccer tournament simulations to demonstrate successful applications. Agent-based modeling for soccer games and cellular automatons for crowd and bettor emotional reactions are modeled on each side of a playing field. A predator-prey theoretical approach is applied with self-organizing soccer teams represented as predators and the soccer ball as prey. Simulations of multiple soccer tournaments of thirty-two teams were conducted with pregame betting and without betting as a pseudo-control measure. Tournaments conducted with pre-game betting resulted in the final tournament games having the wining team demonstrating strong defensive playing styles and scoring by a large margin. Divergence of playing styles did not develop in tournaments without pre-game betting. Hybrids offer a means to explore complexity with evolutionary learning by players, corresponding emotional reactions of spectators, and betting interacting, resulting in patterns of emergent behavior and unique evolutionary behavioral responses to complexity.
Vertical transmission of Mycobacterium tuberculosis in KwaZulu Natal: impact of HIV-1 co-infection.

BACKGROUND Increases in perinatal TB have paralleled the exacerbation of the TB epidemic in KwaZulu Natal. The exact risks for vertical transfer of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (VTRTB) to the baby are unknown, as is the impact of HIV-1 co-infection, which frequently accompanies maternal TB disease in the region. DESIGN Prospective case series study of 82 HIV-1-infected and 25 non-infected pregnant mothers, King Edward VIII Hospital, KwaZulu Natal, South Africa. RESULTS Perinatal mortality in HIV-1/TB diseased mothers was 85/1000 and associated with maternal anaemia (P = 0.02); 46% of newborns were premature, 66% low birth weight and 49% intrauterine growth restricted. These were significantly higher than overall hospital rates (P < 0.01, OR 4.8, 95%CI 3.2-7.0). Sites of detection of maternal TB, distribution of bacteriologically-proven TB, obstetric comorbidity and perinatal morbidity were similar in HIV-1-infected and non-infected mothers. VTRTB was detected in 16 newborns (16%), occurring similarly in bacteriologically-proven and suspected maternal TB disease, with no difference between HIV-1-infected and non-infected mothers. Eleven newborns with VTRTB were HIV-1 exposed; 64% acquired HIV-1 and died from rapidly progressive disease by 10 months of age. HIV-1-infected mothers and their exposed newborns had significantly lower CD4 counts. No association between perinatal maternal viral load, CD4 count or VTRTB was detected. CONCLUSION Mothers with TB disease in pregnancy are at risk for significant perinatal morbidity, mortality and VTRTB.
The contemporary use of β‐agonists

The available evidence, therefore, suggests that sweeping of the membranes is an effective method of induction of labour in women with prolonged pregnancy because approximately two-thirds will achieve labour within three days, avoiding potentially more hazardous and more uncomfortable methods of induction of labour, such as vaginal prostaglandins or intravenous oxytocin. The trials have been too small to comment on the effect of sweeping of the membranes on mode of delivery and perinatal outcome. Furthermore, there has been no assessment of the discomfort experienced by the women who underwent sweeping compared with simple vaginal examination, and there has been no formal comparison of the financial cost of a policy of sweeping of the membranes compared with controls. Finally, it should be emphasised that these results apply to sweeping of the membranes in prolonged pregnancy; there is no information about the effect of sweeping of the membranes before term as a method of induction of labour in complicated pregnancies. These should be the focus of future investigations. J. M. Grant Consultant Bellshill Hospital Lanarkshire References
The influence of physical habitat and land use on stream fish assemblages in southeastern Michigan

—The influence of land use and instream physical habitat on biotic condition of fish assemblages was investigated for 48 stream reaches in the Huron and Raisin rivers. The amount of agriculture and wetland in the catchment and 100-m stream buffers had the strongest relationships with instream physical habitat, and these two categories of land use/cover were negatively correlated with each other (r = –0.70, p = <0.01). Agriculture was associated with high levels of sedimentation and reduced flow stability, while wetland was associated with low sedimentation and stable flows. The index of biotic integrity (IBI) was positively related to low sedimentation, stable flows, and the presence of fine gravel (2–8 mm). It was not significantly correlated with agricultural land use, but was positively related to natural land cover (forest + wetland combined) in the buffer. The best linear regression model using physical habitat and land-use variables from all sites adequately predicted IBI scores (adjusted R = 0.52). However, when the Huron and Raisin basins were treated separately, some of the included variables differed, and model fit increased (Huron adjusted R = 0.76, Raisin adj. R = 0.79), indicating that relations of fish assemblages to physical habitat and land use differed between basins. The Raisin model included land cover variables, while the Huron model included only variables related to physical habitat. Thus instream habitat and land cover may play different roles in these basins, suggesting the benefit of forming separate models for individual basins when sufficient data are available.
Multiscale Boundary Conditions for Non-Fickian Diffusion Applied to Drug-Eluting Stents

We propose a multiscale model for the study of blood flow, plasma filtration, and non-Fickian mass transport by a coronary drug-eluting stent. We derive an analytic solution of a one-dimensional model for non-Fickian diffusion and replace the problem of drug transport in the coating of the stent with suitable boundary conditions. In this way, the computational cost of numerical simulations in realistic three-dimensional stent geometries is reduced. Numerical experiments to show the effectiveness of the method are also presented.
Technical Perspective: Incremental Knowledge Base Construction Using DeepDive

Imagine the task of creating a database of all the highquality specialty cafes around the world so you never have to settle for an imperfect brew. There are plenty of online sources with content relevant to your envisioned database. Cafes may be featured in well-respected coffee publications such as sprudge.com or baristamagazine.com. Data of more fleeting nature may pop up when your coffee-savvy friends note their location by checking in on Facebook or tweeting. Naturally, there is a plethora of books that studied cafes around the world in even more detail.
Effects of halothane on membrane potentials and membrane ionic currents in single bullfrog atrial cells

Halothane exerts negative inotropic and negative chronotropic actions on the isolated heart in experimental animals. In order to assess directly the actions of halothane in myocardium, we studied the effects of halothane on membrane potentials and transmembrane ionic currents in single isolated frog atrial cells obtained by the enzymatic dissociation method. The results show: (a) that the action potential is prolonged and its plateau phase and overshoot are depressed, but the resting potential remains unchanged; (b) that there is a significant inhibition of a time– and voltage–dependent outward K+ current and a slow inward Ca2+ current, with a slight decrease of a fast inward Na+ current following halothane (1.0–4.0%) application; and that halothane has no effect on another K+ current, time–independent current.
[Modulating effects of thymopentin on the immune system of severely burned patients].

OBJECTIVE To explore the modulating effects of thymopentin (TP-5) on the immune system of severely burned patients. METHODS Sixty patients with severe burn were enrolled in this study and were randomly divided into treatment (T, n = 30) and control (C, n = 30) groups. The T lymphocytes and NK cells in peripheral blood in two groups were determined on the 2, 5, 8, 15 and 22 postburn days (PBDs). The patients in T group were treated with TP-5 in a dose of 1 mg/d for 20 days beginning on 2 PBD. RESULTS There was no difference of T lymphocytes and NK cells between the two groups on 2 PBD, and there was no difference of total number in T lymphocytes between the two groups on 5, 8, 15 and 22 PBDs. But the NK cell number and CD4/CD8 ratio in C group were much lower than those in T group. CONCLUSION The function of T lymphocytes and NK cells in severely burned patients could be obviously improved by TP-5, which played immune modulating roles.