Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Self-adaptive Wind Speed Forecasting Method for New Wind Farm

As a green and renewable energy resource, wind energy has been growing rapidly all over the world. However, the stochastic and uncontrollable characteristics of wind would affect the safety and stability of power grid. Therefore, wind speed has to be accurately forecasted, for optimizing the schedule of wind farm maintenance and electricity reserves. Many approaches have been proposed, most of which need several months’ local historical data for model training, which is a major obstacle for newly built wind farms: there is no or little historical operational data collected yet. To solve this problem, a self-adaptive method based on Gaussian Processes is proposed, which could operate without any local historical wind data for new wind farm. The proposed method, named as O-GP (on-line training GP) model, includes several parts: 1) Appropriate method for choosing dataset from other long-term run wind farms is designed, to provide proper data for initial model training; 2) Gaussian processes is adopted to build wind prediction model; 3) New operational data of measured wind speed and NWP (Numerical Weather Prediction) data from new wind farm is obtained each day, and the training set is updated by new data under certain rules to update the forecasting model accordingly. Three years field data from a commercial wind farm is used to validate the model, and the experimental results proved that the proposed method can achieve higher accuracy for wind forecasting, with about 20% improvement comparing to the persistent method, and 15% improvement comparing to normal GP method.
The influence of oestrous swellings on the grooming behaviour of chimpanzees of the Budongo Forest, Uganda

Allogrooming among primates has been suggested as a strategy for enhancing reproductive success, by allowing males to enhance their proximity to oestrous females, or by influencing female choice through the development of affiliative relationships with males. Female chimpanzees have swollen anogenital regions signalling receptivity and by adapting their grooming investment accordingly, males could increase their copulatory success whilst females may increase chances of copulations with preferred males. Five and a half years of data from chimpanzees in the Budongo Forest, Uganda, were examined to investigate how sexual swellings influence grooming behaviour between males and females of different age classes. Based on the availability of oestrous females, significantly less grooming than expected occurred between anoestrous females and adult males, as well as between adult (anoestrous and oestrous) females and subadult males, but significantly more grooming than expected occurred between oestrous females and adult males or subadult males. Both oestrous adult and subadult females devoted more time to grooming interactions with adult males than did anoestrous females. Grooming interactions between adult males and oestrous adult females were initiated and terminated significantly more often by males, but those between anoestrous subadult females and adult males were initiated significantly more frequently by females.
The zone of proximal development during assessment of intellectual development in pre-school children

The zone of proximal development is a well-known and frequently referenced term within cultural historical psychology. Nevertheless, it is rarely used in the concrete practice of assessing intellectual development. The majority of proposals for such assessment are based on a behavioral and psychometric conception of development. This study presents a Scheme for Evaluation of Intellectual Development based on the concept of the zone of proximal development and on gradual intellectual development. The Scheme was applied to 160 Mexican pre-school children from rural, suburban, official, and private kindergartens. The Scheme permitted us to determine the zone of proximal development by evaluating the children’s level of external orientation during the solution of new intellectual tasks. Three levels of orientation through external help were established. The results showed that the majority of children from all groups managed to fulfil new tasks after receiving external help, which indicated the existence of their zone of proximal development. Differences were detected in the use of the level of help in all groups. Statistical analysis showed a significant correlation between the level of helping received, the degree of fulfilment of the task, and the children’s socio-cultural group. The results permitted us to establish more precisely the zone of proximal development at pre-school age. We discuss how the concept of the zone of proximal development might be used in concrete psychological practice and research, instead of being only a well-known term at a declarative level.
Consequences of the Patient's Mis-centering on the Radiation Dose and Image Quality in CT Imaging - Phantom and Clinical Study

The position of the patient highly influences the functioning of the ATCM in CT imaging. The effect of different mis-centerings on the CTDIvol dose was determined during PMMA and water phantom simulations, which were also used for noise assessment. The results show that a 50 mm mis-centering (with the phantom placed above the isocenter) can cause an increase of the CTDIvol by 47 % associated with the lower standard deviation of the HU signal, whilst a -50 mm mis-centering (with the phantom placed below the isocenter) leads to a decrease of the CTDIvol by 35% and is associated with a noisier image. A mean value of the mis-centering determined for 473 patients was -43 mm. A total of 470 of 473 patients were mis-centered below the X-ray tube, which shows an inclination of radiographers to place patients below the isocenter. This inclination was more significant for smaller patients.
Learning to Run with Reward Shaping from Video Data

Learning to produce efficient movement behaviour for humanoid robots from scratch is a hard problem, as has been illustrated by the "Learning to run" competition at NIPS 2017. The goal of this competition was to train a two-legged model of a humanoid body to run in a simulated race course with maximum speed. All submissions took a tabula rasa approach to reinforcement learning (RL) and were able to produce relatively fast, but not optimal running behaviour. In this paper, we demonstrate how data from videos of human running (e.g. taken from YouTube) can be used to shape the reward of the humanoid learning agent to speed up the learning and produce a better result. Specifically, we are using the positions of key body parts at regular time intervals to define a potential function for potential-based reward shaping (PBRS). Since PBRS does not change the optimal policy, this approach allows the RL agent to overcome sub-optimalities in the human movements that are shown in the videos. We present experiments in which we combine selected techniques from the top ten approaches from the NIPS competition with further optimizations to create an high-performing agent as a baseline. We then demonstrate how video-based reward shaping improves the performance further, resulting in an RL agent that runs twice as fast as the baseline in 12 hours of training. We furthermore show that our approach can overcome sub-optimal running behaviour in videos, with the learned policy significantly outperforming that of the running agent from the video.
Effect of breed on some parameters of egg quality in laying hens

DOI: 10.15414/afz.2015. 18.01. 20–24 Received 24. September2014 ǀ Accepted 16. March 2015 ǀ Available online 31. March 2015 The objective of this study was to compare some internal and external quality parameters of eggs between Oravka and Rhode Island Red laying hens. The flocks kept in National Agriculture and Food Centre - Research Institute of Animal Production Nitra (RIAP Nitra) were involved in the experiment. The females of both breeds were of the same age (11 months, 5th month of lay). Eggs were collected during three days consecutively (10 eggs per breed and day) and were analysed in the laboratory of Department of Poultry Science and Small Animal Husbandry at the Faculty of Agrobiology and Food Resources of Slovak University of Agriculture in Nitra. There were 11 females in each group and a total of 30 eggs in each group were analysed. The females were housed in outdoor unheated roofed wooden chicken coop with free range available; fed standard feed ad libitum. The average egg weight was significantly (P≤0.01) affected by breed. Females of Oravka breed were of heavier eggs (60.96 ± 0.56 g) than females of Rhode Island Red (57.60 ±0.76 g). The significant differences were also found in egg width and egg length, however, no significant differences were found in egg shape index. The egg shell thickness significantly differed (P≤0.01) between Oravka and Rhode Island Red (367.78 ±3.12 μm vs. 379.33 ±2.49 μm). The albumen weight was significantly higher in Oravka breed (34.96 ±0.58 g) than in Rhode Island Red breed (32.78 ±0.73 g). No statistical differences were found in the remaining albumen characteristics. However, the slight difference (P≤0.10) was found in Haugh Unit (71.46 ± 1.64 HU for Oravka vs. 74.45 ±1.53 HU for Rhode Island Red). With yolk characteristics, yolk weight and yolk colour significantly differed (P ≤ 0.01) between Oravka breed (19.93 ±0.23 g and 10.60 ±0.09 o HLR) and Rhode Island Red breed (18.61 ±0.20 g and 11.10 ±0.20 o HLR). No statistical differences were found in the remaining yolk characteristics, except for a slight difference (P ≤ 0.10) in yolk index (42.14 ±0.50 % for Oravka and 40.31 ±1.00 % for Rhode Island Red). Keywords: females, Oravka, Rhode Island Red, egg
Vitamin K Antagonists Presenting With Major Bleeding : A Randomized , Efficacy and Safety of a 4-Factor Prothrombin Complex Concentrate in Patients on

Ravi Sarode, Truman J. Milling, Jr, Majed A. Refaai, Antoinette Mangione, Astrid Schneider, Plasma-Controlled, Phase IIIb Study Vitamin K Antagonists Presenting With Major Bleeding: A Randomized, Efficacy and Safety of a 4-Factor Prothrombin Complex Concentrate in Patients on Print ISSN: 0009-7322. Online ISSN: 1524-4539 Copyright © 2013 American Heart Association, Inc. All rights reserved. is published by the American Heart Association, 7272 Greenville Avenue, Dallas, TX 75231 Circulation doi: 10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.113. 002283 2013;128:1234-1243; originally published online August 9, 2013; Circulation. http://circ.ahajournals. org/content/128/11/1234 World Wide Web at: The online version of this article, along with updated information and services, is located on the http://circ.ahajournals. org/content/suppl/2013/08/09/CIRCULATIONAHA.113. 002283.DC1. html Data Supplement (unedited) at:
SURFACE‐WATER CONSTRAINTS ON HERBIVORE FORAGING IN THE KRUGER NATIONAL PARK, SOUTH AFRICA

At a landscape scale, the combined influence of biotic and abiotic factors may determine the distribution patterns of large herbivores in African savanna ecosystems. Herbivores foraging in these ecosystems may become nutritionally stressed during an annual dry season when both forage quality and quantity are reduced. Additionally, the locations of water sources may impose a landscape-scale constraint on dry-season herbivore distri- butions. We used logistic regression to analyze 13 years of aerial census data collected in the Kruger National Park (KNP), South Africa, and evaluated hypotheses regarding the relative influences that surface water, forage quality, and forage quantity exert on the dry- season, landscape-scale distribution patterns of eight herbivore species. Hypotheses re- garding the degree of correlation between species' distributions and distance to water were developed using previous observations of species' relative water dependence. We also developed hypotheses regarding species' responses to the trade-off that may occur between surface-water constraints and nutritional requirements when either forage quality or quantity is reduced. In general, we expect an increase in species' mean distance to water as a result of individuals mitigating limitations in nutritional requirements (i.e., intake quality or quantity) by foraging farther from water. Our analyses suggest that the trade-off between nutritional requirements and surface-water constraints that species face varies according to the species' water dependence, size, and gut morphology. Of the four grazers considered in our analyses, waterbuck distributions appear to be constrained primarily by surface- water availability. Distributions of buffalo, a large ruminant grazer, suggest that individuals face a trade-off between nutritional requirements and surface-water constraints when forage quantity is reduced. Alternatively, distributions of wildebeest, a smaller ruminant grazer, suggest that individuals face this trade-off when access to high-quality forage is limited. In comparison to buffalo and wildebeest, the strength of this trade-off is moderate for zebra, a nonruminant similar in size to wildebeest, when either forage quality or quantity is reduced. Distribution patterns for browsers are characterized by a weak relationship with distance to water, as expected for these relatively water-independent species. Population densities relative to forage quality confound exploration of this trade-off for mixed feeders.
Defining Access to Health Care: Evidence on the Importance of Quality and Distance in Rural Tanzania

We examine the implications of health seeking behavior on access to quality health care using a unique dataset that combines a household survey from rural Tanzania with the location and quality of all health facilities available to households. Patients do not always visit the nearest facility, but choose from among multiple facilities, improving the quality of care they receive by bypassing low quality facilities. Recognizing this behavior alters the projected benefits to health interventions, reducing the value of focusing on the staff qualifications and increasing the value of focusing on travel time and the motivation of current staff.
High Step-Up High-Frequency Zero-Voltage Switched GaN-Based Single-Stage Isolated DC-DC Converter for PV Integration and Future DC Grids

In this work we demonstrate a high step-up singlestage DC-DC micro-converter for photovoltaic (PV) applications. To reduce the size of passive components and the overall system, the circuit was designed to work at a high switching frequency of 300 kHz, by relying on GaN power HEMTs. To reach the high step-up ratio required in this type of applications, we designed a high-frequency planar transformer with high turns ratio, which enabled a high boost of voltage in just a single-stage DC-DC converter with a phase-shifted full-bridge (PSFB) topology, reaching an efficiency of more than 93%.
On the importance of antiparallel reconnection when the dipole tilt and IMF By are nonzero

[1] Several parameters may influence reconnection at the dayside magnetopause. They include the relative orientation of the magnetic fields in the magnetosheath and magnetosphere, the relative perpendicular velocities of field lines both before and after reconnection, and the location of the minimum geomagnetic field. We have used a three-dimensional global MHD simulation of the magnetosphere to evaluate the relative importance of these parameters at the dayside magnetopause, when the interplanetary magnetic field (IMF) has a By component and the dipole tilt is nonzero. For a purely southward IMF and finite tilt, reconnection occurs near the magnetic equator. The reconnection rate at the magnetic equator is smaller than the case with zero tilt because of increased magnetosheath plasma flow. For finite IMF By the reconnection sites move away from the subsolar point. When we include a positive dipole tilt, the reconnection site in the summer hemisphere shifts sunward and equatorward while the one in the winter hemisphere moves tailward and away from the equator. Reconnection near the magnetic equator becomes less effective because IMF field lines move rapidly past the magnetic equator for the finite tilt. We have evaluated the importance of antiparallel reconnection by calculating the electric field at the magnetopause and found that antiparallel reconnection is more important than component reconnection for cases with finite dipole tilt and an IMF By component.
Meteorological and trace gas factors affecting the number concentration of atmospheric Aitken ( D p = 50 nm) particles in the continental boundary layer: parameterization using a multivariate mixed effects model

Abstract. Measurements of aerosol size distribution and different gas and meteorological parameters, made in three polluted sites in Central and Southern Europe: Po Valley, Italy, Melpitz and Hohenpeissenberg in Germany, were analysed for this study to examine which of the meteorological and trace gas variables affect the number concentration of Aitken (Dp= 50 nm) particles. The aim of our study was to predict the number concentration of 50 nm particles by a combination of in-situ meteorological and gas phase parameters. The statistical model needs to describe, amongst others, the factors affecting the growth of newly formed aerosol particles (below 10 nm) to 50 nm size, but also sources of direct particle emissions in that size range. As the analysis method we used multivariate nonlinear mixed effects model. Hourly averages of gas and meteorological parameters measured at the stations were used as predictor variables; the best predictive model was attained with a combination of relative humidity, new particle formation event probability, temperature, condensation sink and concentrations of SO2, NO2 and ozone. The seasonal variation was also taken into account in the mixed model structure. Model simulations with the Global Model of Aerosol Processes (GLOMAP) indicate that the parameterization can be used as a part of a larger atmospheric model to predict the concentration of climatically active particles. As an additional benefit, the introduced model framework is, in theory, applicable for any kind of measured aerosol parameter.
Skyrmion Lattice in a Chiral Magnet

Skyrmions represent topologically stable field configurations with particle-like properties. We used neutron scattering to observe the spontaneous formation of a two-dimensional lattice of skyrmion lines, a type of magnetic vortex, in the chiral itinerant-electron magnet MnSi. The skyrmion lattice stabilizes at the border between paramagnetism and long-range helimagnetic order perpendicular to a small applied magnetic field regardless of the direction of the magnetic field relative to the atomic lattice. Our study experimentally establishes magnetic materials lacking inversion symmetry as an arena for new forms of crystalline order composed of topologically stable spin states.
Detection of Key Organs in Tomato Based on Deep Migration Learning in a Complex Background

In the current natural environment, due to the complexity of the background and the high similarity of the color between immature green tomatoes and the plant, the occlusion of the key organs (flower and fruit) by the leaves and stems will lead to low recognition rates and poor generalizations of the detection model. Therefore, an improved tomato organ detection method based on convolutional neural network (CNN) has been proposed in this paper. Based on the original Faster R-CNN algorithm, Resnet-50 with residual blocks was used to replace the traditional vgg16 feature extraction network, and a K-means clustering method was used to adjust more appropriate anchor sizes than manual setting, to improve detection accuracy. The test results showed that the mean average precision (mAP) was significantly improved compared with the traditional Faster R-CNN model. The training model can be transplanted to the embedded system, which lays a theoretical foundation for the development of a precise targeting pesticide application system and an automatic picking device.
Impact of SPS Measures Imposed by Developed Countries on China¡¯s Tea Export-A Perspective of Differences in Standards

Sanitary and phytosanitary (SPS) measures have become the main obstacles to some Chinai¯s traditional export product like tea since Chinai¯s accession to WTO. Different from previous researches, this paper approaches the problem from the perspective of SPS gap between China and importing countries. Based on the panel data of China and its 10 developed trade partners during 1992 to 2013, it applies gravity model to quantify the effects of SPS gap both in quality (i.e use Maximum Residual Limits of fenvalerate and endosulfan as proxy) and in quantity (i.e regulated numbers of Maximum Residual Limits) between China and its partners on Chinai¯s tea export, the results attribute Chinai¯s tea restricted by SPS measures to the big gaps from developed countries in maximal residual limits of pesticides and numbers of regulated pesticides.
Adaptation of the Categories Johns-hopkins Acg Case-mix System in Primary Healthcare: A Longitudinal, Retrospective Claim Database Study

Abstract Background: To determine the adaptationcapacitating of categories case-mix adjustment(Adjusted Clinical Groups [ACG]) in Primaryhealthcare (PHC) in function of the cost of care inroutine clinical practice.Methods/design: Retrospective study based oncomputerized medical records. All patients attendedby 14 PHC teams in 2009 are included. The principlemeasurements were: demographic variables (age andsex), dependent variables (costs of care) andcase-mix or morbidity (Johns Hopkins UniversityAdjusted Clinical Groups Case-Mix System) variables.Episodes occurring in the study population will beaccounted for by the date of registration in the clinicalhistory for each episode/reason for consultation,whether acute or chronic, regardless of the date ofinitiation of the diagnostic process. ICPC-2 will beconverted (mapped) to ICD-9-MC. The costs model foreach patient will be established by differentiating thefix costs from the variable costs. Fix-costs: staff(wages and salaries), consumer goods, externalservices (structure and management); andvariable-costs (laboratory, conventional-radiology,diagnostic tests, referrals and prescriptions). In theanalysis, the ANOVA, chi-squared, Pearson’s linealcorrelation and Mann-Whitney-Wilcoxon tests will beused. The adaptation capacitating of each categorywas obtained: a) outliers (atypical observations), and b)variation of Pearson coefficient. Predictive model ofcost: coefficient of determination (R
COMPARISON OF THE LACTATE AND VENTILATORY THRESHOLDS

The purpose of this investigation was to compare the ventilatory threshold (T(vent)) with the lactate threshold (T(lact)) during 60 minutes of steady-state exercise at the calculated thresholds. Eight trained, male « cyclists (mean age=23.3 yrs, ht=176.4 cm, wt=70.7 kg, V0 2max=61.02 ml/kg-min-1) performed a 23 W/min progressive intensity cycling test for determination of T(lact) and T(vent). T(vent) was determined by the non-linear increase in excess C 0 2 (ExC0 2 ) while T(lact) was calculated by the 'individual anaerobic threshold' (IAT) method. Subsequently, subjects performed up to 60 minutes steady-state exercise at the threshold workloads. Results at T(vent) and T(lact) indicate significant differences (p<0.01; T(lact)>T(vent)) between V 0 2 , ExC0 2 , HR, [BLa] and workload as calculated by Hotelling's T2-test. During the steady state exercise at each specified workload, V0 2 , [BLa], heart rate and ExC0 2 were measured at 15 minute intervals. All subjects completed the steady-state exercise at T(vent) (VSS) while only 2 subjects completed the steady-state exercise at T(lact) (LSS) (avg time=48.4 min). Comparison of metabolic variables