Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Title : Recent advances in Langerhans Cell Histiocytosis 1 Running title : Recent advances in LCH

Akira Morimoto 1), MD. , PhD. , Yukiko Oh 1), MD. , Yoko Shioda 2), MD. , PhD, Kazuko Kudo MD. , PhD. , 3), Toshihiko Imamura 4), MD. , PhD. 1 Department of Pediatrics, Jichi Medical University of Medicine, Shimotsuke, Japan 2 Division of Hematology/Oncology, National Center for Child Health and Development, Tokyo, Japan. 3 Division of Hematology and Oncology, Shizuoka Children’s Hospital, Shizuoka, Japan. 4 Department of Pediatrics, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan.
A Lack of Cellular Senescence, Formation of Microenvironment, and Role of Soluble CD30 in Development of Adult T-Cell Leukemia/Lymphoma

Adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma (ATL) is a highly aggressive leukemia/lymphoma. The long clinical latency and low incidence of ATL indicate that ATL is an age-related disease with genetic changes that are involved in malignant transformation and monoclonal expansion of human T lymphotropic virus type 1 (HTLV-1) infected cells. The question remains as to how the ATL cells acquire monoclonal proliferation rather than undergo senescence. It was implied that aberrant cellular proteins such as p53, JAK-STAT and Bcl-xL were associated with the development of ATL. HTLV-1-infected cells and ATL cells (partial) express CD30. Soluble CD30 (sCD30) may impair the interaction of CD30 ligand+ cells with CD30+ ATL cells. Probably HTLV-1-infected T-cells migrate to the lung due to agerelated changes of pulmonary immune system. Thereafter monoclonal proliferation of infected cells following antigen presentation forms a local network between cytokines and cytokine receptors. During the remodeling of the pulmonary tissue, CD30+ ATL cells and matrix metalloproteinases can play an important role in forming tumor microenvironment. Furthermore, soluble cytokine receptors may support the clonal proliferation and invasion of ATL cells and tumor microenvironment is created in extra nodal lesions such as lung. Accordingly, sCD30 level could be applied to detection of microenvironment formation for tumor stem cells and their monitoring in ATL.
Actualités sur les thérapies ciblées dans les cancers bronchiques non à petites cellules , hors immunothérapie News about targeted therapies in non-small-cell lung cancer in 2015 ( except immunotherapy )

MOTS CLÉS Cancer bronchique non à petites cellules ; EGFR ; Mutation T790M ; ALK ; ACSé Résumé Ces dernières années, nous assistons chez les patients porteurs de carcinome bronchique non à petites cellules à un développement des thérapeutiques ciblant des voies de signalisations anormalement activées. Les mutations d’EGFR sont retrouvées dans environ 10 % des cancers bronchiques, particulièrement dans les adénocarcinomes, chez les femmes et les non-fumeurs. À ce jour, trois inhibiteurs de tyrosine kinase (ITK) d’EGFR, l’erlotinib, le gefitinib et l’afatinib ont une AMM européenne pour un traitement dès la 1re ligne dans le CBNPC muté EGFR avec une efficacité supérieure à celle de la chimiothérapie. Les ITK de 3e génération (rociletinib, AZD9291) sont efficaces chez les patients ayant développé une mutation de résistance secondaire de l’EGFR notamment la mutation T790M ; ils ont obtenu une ATU en 2015. La présence d’une translocation EML4-ALK est rare et retrouvée dans environ 5 % des CBNPC de type adénocarcinome et plus particulièrement chez les sujets jeunes non-fumeurs. Le crizotinib est un nouveau standard thérapeutique dans les CBNPC ALK+ en 2e ligne. Le ceritinib est un ITK d’ALK de 2e génération a l’AMM depuis 2015 pour les patients ALK+ ayant progressé sous crizotinib. L’INCa soutient le programme ACSé évaluant l’efficacité du crizotinib dans les
A Bellman approach for two-domains optimal control problems in R N

This article is the starting point of a series of works whose aim is the study of deterministic control problems where the dynamic and the running cost can be completely different in two (or more) complementary domains of the space $\R^N$. As a consequence, the dynamic and running cost present discontinuities at the boundary of these domains and this is the main difficulty of this type of problems. We address these questions by using a Bellman approach: our aim is to investigate how to define properly the value function(s), to deduce what is (are) the right Bellman Equation(s) associated to this problem (in particular what are the conditions on the set where the dynamic and running cost are discontinuous) and to study the uniqueness properties for this Bellman equation. In this work, we provide rather complete answers to these questions in the case of a simple geometry, namely when we only consider two different domains which are half spaces: we properly define the control problem, identify the different conditions on the hyperplane where the dynamic and the running cost are discontinuous and discuss the uniqueness properties of the Bellman problem by either providing explicitly the minimal and maximal solution or by giving explicit conditions to have uniqueness.
Genetic diversity and differentiation of Lepidoglyphus destructor(Acari: Glycyphagidae) inferred from inter-simple sequence repeat (ISSR) fingerprinting

Abstract Lepidoglyphus destructor (Schrank) is a prominent and world-wide pest of stored grain. Currently, genetic diversity of L. destructor is still little known due to the limited number of studies. The objective of this investigation was to assess genetic diversity and differentiation of four populations of L. destructor from four geographic locations in China using inter-simple sequence repeat (ISSR) fingerprinting. A total of 58 DNA bands were tested, 47 of which were polymorphic and the percentage of polymorphic bands (PPB) was 81.03%. Nei's gene diversity (He) and Shannon's Information index (I) revealed that the genetic diversity was high. Further, the value of Gst was 0.5680, indicating a median level of genetic differentiation in these populations. At the same time, analysis of molecular variation (AMOVA) showed that 45.93% of variation can be identified within populations. The level of gene flow (Nm) was moderate. Cluster analysis suggested that genotypes isolated from the same locations displayed a higher genetic similarity than those from different ones, forming a specific clade according to their geographic locations. Nevertheless, there was no significant correlation between the genetic distance and geographic distance.
The Effect of Temperature on Seed Quality and Quantity in Crosses Between European (Populus Tremula) and Hybrid Aspens (P. Tremula X P. Tremuloides)

Hybrid aspen (Populus tremula L. × Populus tremuloides Michx.) plantations are expanding in Fennoscandia and the Baltic countries; however, the possible effects of plantations on the native European aspen (P. tremula) and the level of gene flow between European and hybrid aspen have not been investigated. We studied seed quantity and quality in intraspecific and interspecific crosses of the European and hybrid aspens over a two year period. In order to study whether elevated temperatures due to climate change would benefit the species differently, we performed the crosses in different temperatures. In both years, interspecific crosses produced more seeds with higher quality than intraspecific crosses. This result was most distinct in crosses between female hybrid aspen and male European aspen. In higher temperatures, relative germination difference between hybrid aspen seeds and seeds from P. tremula × P. tremula crosses seems to increase. These results suggest that hybrid aspen may have a significant genetic impact on the European aspen, and this effect may be strengthened by climate warming.
Role of PPARγ in the nutritional and pharmacological actions of carotenoids

and incorporate the Creative Commons Attribution – Non Commercial (unported, v3.0) License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/). By accessing the work you hereby accept the Terms. Non-commercial uses of the work are permitted without any further permission from Dove Medical Press Limited, provided the work is properly attributed. For permission for commercial use of this work, please see paragraphs 4.2 and 5 of our Terms (https://www.dovepress.com/terms.php). Role of PPARγ in the nutritional and pharmacological actions of carotenoids
and Jeha Ryu Various Virtual Terrains A Novel Locomotion Interface with Two 6-DOF Parallel Manipulators That Allows Human Walking on

This paper proposes a novel locomotion interface that can generate an infinite floor with various surfaces and can provide a user with proprioceptive feedback about walking. The interface allows users to experience life-like walking in virtual environments with various terrains. The interface consists of two platforms, each consisting of a three-degrees-of-freedom (3-DOF; x, y and yaw) planar device on which a 3-DOF (pitch, roll and z) footpad is mounted. Alternating current servomotors drive the planar devices to generate rapid motions, while pneumatic actuators drive the footpad devices to generate the impedances required for various virtual terrains, in addition to supporting the user’s weight. To simulate natural human walking, the locomotion interface design specifications are based on gait analysis, and each mechanism is optimally designed and manufactured to satisfy these requirements. The locomotion interface allows natural walking (step, 0.8 m; height, 20 cm; load capability, 100 kg; slope, 55◦) on various terrains. In addition, a new walking control algorithm is proposed for generating continuous walking on an infinite floor involving various terrains. In this algorithm, each independent platform follows a human foot during the swing phase, while the other platform returns to the home position during the single-limb stance phase. During the double-limb stance phase, the two platforms assume neutral positions to compensate for the offset errors generated by velocity changes. Therefore, this algorithm can satisfy natural walking conditions in any direction. The transition phase between the swing and stance phases is detected using a simple switch sensor system, while human foot motions are sensed using a calibrated magnetic motion tracker attached to the shoe. The International Journal of Robotics Research Vol. 25, No. 7, July 2006, pp. 689-708 DOI: 10.1177/0278364906067373 ©2006 SAGE Publications Figures appear in color online: http://ijr.sagepub. com Actual walking simulations on level ground, slopes, and stairs show that the proposed locomotion interface allows an average person to walk naturally on various virtual terrains in safety, without marked disturbances. This interface has various applications, such as in virtual reality (VR) navigation, rehabilitation, and gait
Paget’s Disease of the Female Breast: Clinical Findings and Management in 53 Cases at a Single Institution

Background: Mammary Paget’s disease is an uncommon form of primary breast cancer. The aim of this study is to assess our institution’s experience in its management. Methods: We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of 53 female patients with histologically confirmed Paget’s disease, treated at the Salah Azaiz Institute between 2001 and 2010. Results: There were palpable masses in 71.7% of cases, of which 90% revealed invasive carcinoma. Approximately 48% of underlying malignancies were multifocal/multicentric. Overall, invasive carcinoma accounted for 69.8% with a median tumor size of 40 mm, high grade in 62.2%, and negative hormone receptor in 47.6% of cases. There was only one case with direct dermis invasion among those with no underlying invasive carcinoma. After a median follow-up of 45 months, 49% of patients presented with relapse/progression and 47.1% died from their disease. Median overall survival was 67 months, whereas disease-free survival was 65 months. Tumor and node advanced clinical stages correlated with poor survival, as well as the presence of invasive carcinoma with additional negative impacts of large tumor size and lymph node involvement. Tumor stage was the only independent indicator on multivariate analysis. Conclusion: The general trend for decreased incidence of Paget’s disease is noted parallel to earlier breast cancer diagnosis. Paget’s disease is at high risk of multifocal/multicentric underlying tumors. The presence of a palpable mass is almost pathognomonic of invasive neoplasm. The major challenge concerns aggressiveness of surgical procedures with breast and axilla preservation perspectives. Prognosis is mainly determined by that of an eventual underlying breast tumor.
Comparative Studies on Quality and Starch Digestibility of Hydrocolloid Fortified Sweet Potato Pasta Dried at Low and High Temperatures

Although sweet potato [Ipomoea batatas (L) Lam] has various nutritional advantages like low glycaemic index, high antioxidant potential and dietary fiber content, it is not extensively cultivated and utilized in most parts of the world. The present study aims at adding value to this root crop through the development of functional pasta fortified with gum sources such as guar gum, xanthan gum, locust bean gum and partially hydrolyzed guar gum. The pasta products were dried at low (55 °C) and high (70 oC) temperatures and it was found that high temperature drying reduced the cooking loss and raised the swelling index for all the fortified pastas. In vitro starch digestibility of cooked pasta indicated only a progressive glucose release from 20 to 120 min, with decreased digestibility for the 70 °C dried pastas than those dried at 55 °C. Rapidly digested and slowly digested starch fractions were lower for the pasta dried at 70oC than 55 °C, while the undigested or resistant starch was higher for samples dried at 70 oC. Increasing the level of fortification of gums from 1% to 3% reduced the starch digestibility further.Highest firmness on cooking was obtained for the xanthan fortified pasta (70 oC dried), while it had the lowest adhesiveness at 3% fortification. It was concluded from the study that fortification of sweet potato pasta with 1% gum and drying at 70 °C could produce pasta with low starch digestibility, good swelling index and textual characteristics, suggesting its use as food for the diabetic and obese people.
Tester ' s browser with SUT ConvertorConvertorWeb pages of SUT front-end user interface Tapir browser extension Tapir HQ Back – End service Tapir HQ front-end Tester ' s browser with Tapir HQ Tapir Analytics SUT Model Tapir

For a considerable number of software projects, the creation of effective test cases is hindered by design documentation that is either lacking, incomplete or obsolete. The exploratory testing approach can serve as a sound method in such situations. However, the efficiency of this testing approach strongly depends on the method, the documentation of explored parts of a system, the organization and distribution of work among individual testers on a team, and the minimization of potential (very probable) duplicities in performed tests. In this paper, we present a framework for replacing and automating a portion of these tasks. A screen-flow-based model of the tested system is incrementally reconstructed during the exploratory testing process by tracking testers’ activities. With additional metadata, the model serves for an automated navigation process for a tester. Compared with the exploratory testing approach, which is manually performed in two case studies, the proposed framework allows the testers to explore a greater extent of the tested system and enables greater detection of the defects present in the system. The results show that the time efficiency of the testing process improved with framework support. This efficiency can be increased by team-based navigational strategies that are implemented within the proposed framework, which is documented by another case study presented in this paper.
Structural Models and Default Probability: Application to the Spanish Stock Market

The Basle Committee on Banking Supervision has recently published a new Capital Agreement (Basle II) that replaces the agreement of 1988 currently in force. The theoretical inspiration for this new Agreement, which is expected to come into force at the end of 2006, is the search for convergence between economic capital and regulatory capital. Thus, one of the most encouraging aspects of the new Agreement is that it decidedly favors new and better systems of measurement of credit risk, giving financial entities the freedom and incentive to develop their own models and to employ them in the determination of bank capital. In this article we analyze the so-called structural models, for which the model of Merton (1974) constitutes the theoretical inspiration; according to this model, the default in the obligations of a company is an endogenous variable related to the capital structure of the company, and such default occurs when the market value of the firm's assets falls below a certain critical level, related to the book value of the debt outstanding. With this approach, the default probabilities, as at December 31, 2003, are estimated for the companies that comprise the IBEX-35 index of the Spanish stock market at that date, by applying the model of Merton (1974). The study concludes that, although the option pricing theory provides a very interesting alternative framework for estimating the risk of default of a firm, its application to countries with relatively few quoted companies presents serious limitations.
oxidative stress in male mice Adult exposure to sasanguasaponin induces spermatogenic cell apoptosis in vivo through increased

Effects of sasanguasaponin (SGS), a compound from defatted seeds of Camellia oleifera, on abnormal spermatogenesis were studied in adult male mice using daily intragastric administration of 100, 200 and 400 mg/kg body weight (BW) for 6 weeks. The sperm counts decreased and the number of abnormal spermatozoa increased in mice treated with SGS at 400 mg/kg dose level. Testicular weight and seminiferous tubular area gradually decreased as dosage increased to 400 mg/kg SGS. Germ cells were rarefied and showed irregular distribution in seminiferous tubules (STs). Apoptosis was pronounced among spermatocytes and spermatids at the 400 mg/kg dose level. Antioxidant enzymes including superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) and total antioxide capacity (T-AOC) markedly decreased and malondialdehyde (MDA) concentration increased in the testes. These results suggest that adult exposure to SGS (400 mg/kg) induces spermatogenic apoptosis through increased oxidative stress in male mice.
Effects of Amazon and Central Brazil deforestation scenarios on the duration of the dry season in the arc of deforestation

Climate change predictions tied to Amazon deforestation scenarios are increasingly being used by government and non‐government organisations for near‐future planning applications. Despite incorporating a wide range of biophysical variables, these models neglect future scenarios of land use for adjoining regions, such as the Central Brazil Cerrado, which has been deforested by more than 50%. In this study, we investigate the impact of different Amazon and Central Brazil deforestation scenarios on the rainfall regime of the ‘arc‐of‐deforestation’ in Amazonia. We demonstrate that both Amazon and Cerrado deforestation contribute to an increase of the duration of the dry season in this region. Combining the effects of both scenarios, the dry season may increase from 5 months to 6 months, which may change the biosphere–atmosphere equilibrium in this region. This study demonstrates that the assessment of future Cerrado land use scenarios is also necessary to understand the future climate and ecosystem health of Amazonia. Copyright © 2009 Royal Meteorological Society
Proximate and ultimate causes for transatlantic variation in seaweed defenses

Previous tests of theories predicting tradeoffs between constitutive and inducible defenses are inconclusive. This may result from focusing on individual traits or using cultivated plants subjected to artificial selection. We examined this tradeoff in the seaweed Ascophyllum nodosum (hereafter Ascophyllum)—one of the best-studied seaweeds with inducible defenses. Although several European populations respond to grazing with induced resistance, a US population failed to express inducible defenses. This variation may be related to corresponding variation in constitutive resistance and consumer pressure. We compared the constitutive resistance of Ascophyllum from an inducing and a non-inducing population (Sweden and USA, respectively). We quantified constitutive resistance by conducting choice feeding assays on seaweed from both populations after inducible defenses had relaxed, rather than focusing on single traits. We measured constitutive phlorotannins to confirm that defenses had relaxed and to compare betweenpopulation levels. Periwinkles consistently preferred relaxed Swedish Ascophyllum, suggesting that US Ascophyllum without inducible resistance had higher constitutive resistance. Neither snail source nor experimental arena influenced this result. Phlorotannins were also higher in relaxed US Ascophyllum. To test the hypothesis that defense type may be related to current consumer pressure, we compared per capita grazing rates and average snail densities from both locations. US snails grazed more and were more abundant in the USA, suggesting that current consumer pressure may be higher on US Ascophyllum. Consistent with theory, constitutive and inducible resistance were negatively related between our sites. Inducible resistance may be absent from the US population because these individuals have high constitutive resistance, perhaps because they encounter greater consumer pressure.