Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Analysis of Fast Structured Dictionary Learning

Sparsity-based models and techniques have been exploited in many signal processing and imaging applications. Data-driven methods based on dictionary and sparsifying transform learning enable learning rich image features from data and can outperform analytical models. In particular, alternating optimization algorithms have been popular for learning such models. In this work, we focus on alternating minimization for a specific structured unitary sparsifying operator learning problem and provide a convergence analysis. While the algorithm converges to the critical points of the problem generally, our analysis establishes under mild assumptions, the local linear convergence of the algorithm to the underlying sparsifying model of the data. Analysis and numerical simulations show that our assumptions hold for standard probabilistic data models. In practice, the algorithm is robust to initialization.
Preparation of polystyrene/montmorillonite nanocomposites: optimization by response surface methodology (RSM)

Preparation of polystyrene (PS)-montmorillonite nanocomposites was carried out in 3 steps: purification and determination of the cation exchange capacity (CEC) of clay, synthesis of organoclay, and preparation of nanocomposites. In organoclay synthesis, 3 types of surfactants, long-chained (cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB)), short-chained (tetraethylammonium bromide (TEAB)), and ringed (benzyltriethylammonium bromide (BTEAB)), were used. Gallery distances of pure clay and organoclays (CTAB-O, TEAB-O, and BTEAB-O) were determined by X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis as 1.25, 2.09, 1.52, and 1.63 nm, respectively. Preparation of nanocomposites was carried out by in situ polymerization. Composites, containing 2%, 4%, and 6% organoclay by mass, were characterized by XRD, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), gel permeation chromatography (GPC), and transmission electron microscope (TEM). The synthesized nanocomposites showed an exfoliated structure and a higher decomposition temperature in comparison with pure PS. A new approach was tried in nanocomposite preparation using response surface methodology (RSM).
SJTU-NLP at SemEval-2018 Task 9: Neural Hypernym Discovery with Term Embeddings

This paper describes a hypernym discovery system for our participation in the SemEval-2018 Task 9, which aims to discover the best (set of) candidate hypernyms for input concepts or entities, given the search space of a pre-defined vocabulary. We introduce a neural network architecture for the concerned task and empirically study various neural network models to build the representations in latent space for words and phrases. The evaluated models include convolutional neural network, long-short term memory network, gated recurrent unit and recurrent convolutional neural network. We also explore different embedding methods, including word embedding and sense embedding for better performance.
Deposited in DRO : 02 May 2018 Version of attached le :

We have used the Submillimeter Array (SMA) at 860 μm to observe the brightest sources in the Submillimeter Common User Bolometer Array-2 (SCUBA-2) Cosmology Legacy Survey (S2CLS). The goal of this survey is to exploit the large field of the S2CLS along with the resolution and sensitivity of the SMA to construct a large sample of these rare sources and to study their statistical properties. We have targeted 70 of the brightest single-dish SCUBA-2 850 μm sources down to S850 ≈ 8 mJy, achieving an average synthesized beam of 2.4 arcsec and an average rms of σ 860 = 1.5 mJy beam−1 in our primary beam-corrected maps. We searched our SMA maps for 4σ peaks, corresponding to S860 6 mJy sources, and detected 62, galaxies, including three pairs. We include in our study 35 archival observations, bringing our sample size to 105 bright single-dish submillimetre sources with interferometric followup. We compute the cumulative and differential number counts, finding them to overlap with previous single-dish survey number counts within the uncertainties, although our cumulative number count is systematically lower than the parent S2CLS cumulative number count by 14 ± 6 per cent between 11 and 15 mJy. We estimate the probability that a 10 mJy singledish submillimetre source resolves into two or more galaxies with similar flux densities to be less than 15 per cent. Assuming the remaining 85 per cent of the targets are ultraluminous starburst galaxies between z = 2 and 3, we find a likely volume density of 400 M yr−1 sources to be ∼ 3+0.7 −0.6 × 10−7 Mpc−3. We show that the descendants of these galaxies could be 4 × 1011 M local quiescent galaxies, and that about 10 per cent of their total stellar mass would have formed during these short bursts of star formation.
Pioglitazone abolishes autistic-like behaviors via the IL-6 pathway

Autism is characterized by social deficits, communication abnormalities, and repetitive behaviors. The risk factors appear to include genetic and environmental conditions, such as prenatal infections and maternal dietary factors. Previous investigations by our group have demonstrated that prenatal exposure to lipopolysaccharide (LPS), which mimics infections by gram-negative bacteria, induces autistic-like behaviors. No effective treatment yet exists for autism. Therefore, we used our rat model to test a possible treatment for autism. We selected pioglitazone to block or ease the impairments induced by LPS because although this drug was designed as an anti-diabetic drug (it has an insulin effect), it also exerts anti-inflammatory effects. Juvenile offspring were treated daily with pioglitazone, and the main behaviors related to autism, namely, socialization (play behavior) and communication (50-kHz ultrasonic vocalizations), were studied. Biomarkers linked to autism and/or pioglitazone were also studied to attempt to understand the mechanisms involved, namely, IL-6, TNF-alpha, MCP-1, insulin, and leptin. Prenatal LPS exposure induced social deficits and communicational abnormalities in juvenile rat offspring as well as elevated plasma IL-6 levels. Daily postnatal pioglitazone treatment blocked the impairments found in terms of the time spent on social interaction, the number of vocalizations (i.e., autistic-like behaviors) and the elevated plasma IL-6 levels. Thus, pioglitazone appears to be a relevant candidate for the treatment of autism. The present findings may contribute to a better understanding and treatment of autism and associated diseases.
Integration of a Patient-Centered Medical Home Into Ambulatory Health Care Services Centers in Abu Dhabi

This study describes the transformation of Abu Dhabi Ambulatory Healthcare Services into patient-centered medical homes (PCMH) in 3 pilot sites by applying the National Commission for Quality Assurance (NCQA) PCMH standards. The intervention was system redesign, population management, team building, and optimizing electronic medical records toward patient-centered care. The pilot centers outperformed non–pilot centers in clinical key performance indicators. Based on the NCQA 2011 PCMH criteria, the pilot achieved 84% compared with 42% at the start of the project. In conclusion this study shed light on a firm path to operationalizing PCMH to enhance the quality and access to care.
Gender Differences in Elderly With Subjective Cognitive Decline

Objective: Subjective cognitive decline (SCD), also known as significant memory concern (SMC), has been suggested as a manifestation of Alzheimer’s Disease (AD) preceding mild cognitive impairment (MCI). This study assessed the impact of gender on cognition, amyloid accumulation, the volumes of hippocampus, entorhinal cortex (EC), fusiform and medial temporal lobe (MTA) and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) pathology biomarkers in patients reporting SMC. Methods: Twenty-nine males (mean age ± SD: 72.3 ± 5.7 years) and 40 females (mean age ± SD: 71.0 ± 5.1 years) with SMC from the AD Neuroimaging Initiative (ADNI) were included in the study. We explored the gender discrepancies in cognition, [18F] AV45 amyloid positivity, volumes of hippocampus, EC, fusiform and MTA and CSF biomarkers. Results: Compared with females, males showed significantly worse performance in Assessment Scale-cognitive subscale 13 (ADAS-13; P = 0.004) and lower amyloid deposition (P < 0.001). However, females showed greater advantage on the task of Rey Auditory Verbal Learning Test-5 (RAVLT-5) sum (P = 0.021), RAVLT-immediate recall (P = 0.010) and reduced volumes of the hippocampus, EC, fusiform and MTA (P = 0.001, P < 0.001, P < 0.001, P = 0.007) than males. No gender differences were found in CSF Aβ42, CSF Tau and CSF P-tau (P = 0.264, P = 0.454, P = 0.353). Conclusions: These findings highlight that gender discrepancies should be considered in the interpretation of cognitive measures when evaluating SMC.
TutorialBank: A Manually-Collected Corpus for Prerequisite Chains, Survey Extraction and Resource Recommendation

The field of Natural Language Processing (NLP) is growing rapidly, with new research published daily along with an abundance of tutorials, codebases and other online resources. In order to learn this dynamic field or stay up-to-date on the latest research, students as well as educators and researchers must constantly sift through multiple sources to find valuable, relevant information. To address this situation, we introduce TutorialBank, a new, publicly available dataset which aims to facilitate NLP education and research. We have manually collected and categorized over 5,600 resources on NLP as well as the related fields of Artificial Intelligence (AI), Machine Learning (ML) and Information Retrieval (IR). Our dataset is notably the largest manually-picked corpus of resources intended for NLP education which does not include only academic papers. Additionally, we have created both a search engine and a command-line tool for the resources and have annotated the corpus to include lists of research topics, relevant resources for each topic, prerequisite relations among topics, relevant sub-parts of individual resources, among other annotations. We are releasing the dataset and present several avenues for further research.
Development of an Ultra-High Performance Liquid Chromatography Method for Simultaneous Determination of Six Active Compounds in Fructus aurantii and Rat Plasma and Its Application to a Comparative Pharmacokinetic Study in Rats Administered with Different Doses

A rapid, accurate, and sensitive ultra-high performance liquid chromatography (UHPLC) method was established for simultaneously detecting naringin, hesperidin, neohesperidin, meranzin hydrate, naringenin, and hesperetin in Fructus aurantii (FA) decoction. Analysis was performed on Waters BEH (R) C18 (50 mm × 2.1 mm, 1.7 μm) at a flow rate of 0.2 mL/min by using (A) acetonitrile and (B) 0.5% acetic acid-water as the mobile phase. The method was well validated on linearity, precision, recoveries, and stability. Then, we used the same UHPLC conditions for quantitative analysis of meranzin hydrate, naringenin, and hesperetin in rat plasma. The method proved to be linear within the concentration ranges of 3.3–3300 ng/mL for meranzin hydrate, 6.95–3555 ng/mL for naringenin, and 1.8–236 ng/mL for hesperetin. The RSD of precision ranged from 1.22% to 9.08%, and the average extraction recovery ranged from 96.49 ± 1.42% to 102.01 ± 3.16%. Besides, we performed a comparative pharmacokinetic study after oral administration of FA decoction at a low dose of 15 g/kg and high dose of 30 g/kg body weight for seven days to rats. The AUC(0–t) and C max of meranzin hydrate, naringenin, and hesperetin were multiplied significantly with the increase of FA dosage, and the t 1/2 of meranzin hydrate was faster than naringenin and hesperetin in the two groups.
Rhino-Orbito-Cerebral Mucormycosis in Immunocompetent Young Patient: Case Report

Citation: Taha R, Almteri T, Bahabri N, Almoallim H (2018) Rhino-Orbito-Cerebral Mucormycosis in Immunocompetent Young Patient: Case Report. Clin Med Rev Case Rep 5:207. doi.org/10.23937/23783656/1410207 Received: March 25, 2018: Accepted: April 30, 2018: Published: May 02, 2018 Copyright: © 2018 Taha R, et al. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. ISSN: 2378-3656
Long term survival, health, social functioning, and education in patients with European Lyme neuroborreliosis: nationwide population based cohort study

Abstract Objective To estimate long term survival, health, and educational/social functioning in patients with Lyme neuroborreliosis compared with the general population. Design Nationwide population based cohort study using national registers. Setting Denmark. Participants All Danish residents diagnosed during 1986-2016 as having Lyme neuroborreliosis (n=2067), defined as a positive Borrelia burgdorferi intrathecal antibody test and a clinical diagnosis of Lyme borreliosis, and a comparison cohort from the general population matched on sex and date of birth (n=20 670). Main outcome measures Mortality rate ratios, incidence rate ratios of comorbidities, and differences in educational and social outcomes. Results Mortality among patients with Lyme neuroborreliosis was not higher than in the general population (mortality rate ratio 0.90, 95% confidence interval 0.79 to 1.03). Lyme neuroborreliosis patients had increased risk of haematological (incidence rate ratio 3.07, 2.03 to 4.66) and non-melanoma skin cancers (1.49, 1.18 to 1.88). At diagnosis, Lyme neuroborreliosis patients had slightly higher employment and lower disability pension rates. After five years, patients and comparison cohort members had similar numbers of hospital contacts (difference −0.22, 95% confidence interval −0.45 to 0.02, in-hospital days/year; 0.37, −0.10 to 0.83, outpatient visits/year), employment rates (difference 1.5%, −2.1% to 5.1%), income (difference −1000, −20 000 to 18 000, Danish kroner), days of sick leave (difference −0.3, −3.5 to 3.0, per year), rates of receipt of a disability pension (difference −0.9%, −3.2% to 1.3%), and number of children (difference –0.10, −0.27 to 0.08). More patients were married (difference 4.8%, 2.2% to 7.4%) and had completed high school education (difference 7%, 1% to 12%). Conclusion A verified diagnosis of Lyme neuroborreliosis had no substantial effect on long term survival, health, or educational/social functioning. Nevertheless, the diagnosis decreased labour market involvement marginally and was associated with increased risk of haematological and non-melanoma skin cancers.
Evaluation of pan‐TRK immunohistochemistry in infantile fibrosarcoma, lipofibromatosis‐like neural tumour and histological mimics

Infantile fibrosarcoma is characterised by intersecting fascicles of spindle cells and ETV6–NTRK3 gene fusion in most cases. Given histological overlap with other spindle‐cell tumours, the diagnosis can be challenging and often requires molecular confirmation. A recently developed pan‐TRK antibody shows promise for identifying tumours with NTRK fusions. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the potential diagnostic utility of pan‐TRK immunohistochemistry for infantile fibrosarcoma.
Design of a Human-Like Range of Motion Hip Joint for Humanoid Robots

For a humanoid robot to have the versatility of humans, it needs to have similar motion capabilities. This paper presents the design of the hip joint of the Tactical Hazardous Operations Robot (THOR), which was created to perform disaster response duties in human-structured environments. The lower body of THOR was designed to have a similar range of motion to the average human. To accommodate the large range of motion requirements of the hip, it was divided into a parallel-actuated universal joint and a linkage-driven pin joint. The yaw and roll degrees of freedom are driven cooperatively by a pair of parallel series elastic linear actuators to provide high joint torques and low leg inertia. In yaw, the left hip can produce a peak of 115.02 [Nm] of torque with a range of motion of −20° to 45°. In roll, it can produce a peak of 174.72 [Nm] of torque with a range of motion of −30° to 45°. The pitch degree of freedom uses a Hoeken’s linkage mechanism to produce 100 [Nm] of torque with a range of motion of −120° to 30°. Copyright © 2014 by ASME
Evaluating the Impact WTO MFN on Zimbabwe Using Trade Reform Impact Simulation Tool

The study uses the Trade Reform Impact Simulation Tool for to evaluate the impact of WTO FTA on Zimbabwe. The findings of the study reveal that the domestic prices are expected to fall by a weighted average of 8.4 percent. Total imports are expected to increase by US$184.9 million if a WTO FTA is implemented. It emerged that Zimbabwe is giving a lot of tax exemptions as actual collected revenue was 51.8 percent of the expected statutory revenue. Zimbabwe is expected to lose US$467.5 million of import tariff revenue if it adopts WTO FTA. However, the country expects to get revenue from VAT and excise taxes to the tune of US$546 million and US$ 278.7 million, respectively. WTO FTA need to be accompanied by steps to improve revenue collection from other sources such as Value Added Tax and income tax.
Analysis of Jeffrey's Rule of Conditioning in an Imprecise Probabilistic Setting

While sets of probability measures and imprecise probabilities in general, are widely accepted as a powerful and unifying framework for handling uncertain and incomplete information, updating such belief sets with new uncertain inputs has not received enough attention. In this paper, we provide an analysis of Jeffrey’s rule of conditioning for updating sets of probability measures with new information, possibly uncertain and imprecise, also expressed as sets of probability measures. The paper first provides properties for updating sets of probability measures in the spirit of Jeffrey’s rule, then provides and analyses extensions of Jeffrey’s rule to three main imprecise probability representations: i) finite sets of probability measures and ii) convex set of probability measures specified by extreme points. The proposed extensions capture the proposed postulates and recover the standard Jeffrey’s rule in case where the updated set and the new input are single probability measures.
Decision Fusion With Multiple Spatial Supports by Conditional Random Fields

Classification of remotely sensed images into land cover or land use is highly dependent on geographical information at least at two levels. First, land cover classes are observed in a spatially smooth domain separated by sharp region boundaries. Second, land classes and observation scale are also tightly intertwined: they tend to be consistent within areas of homogeneous appearance, or regions, in the sense that all pixels within a roof should be classified as roof, independently on the spatial support used for the classification. In this paper, we follow these two observations and encode them as priors in an energy minimization framework based on conditional random fields (CRFs), where classification results obtained at pixel and region levels are probabilistically fused. The aim is to enforce the final maps to be consistent not only in their own spatial supports (pixel and region) but also across supports, i.e., by getting the predictions on the pixel lattice and on the set of regions to agree. To this end, we define an energy function with three terms: 1) a data term for the individual elements in each support (support-specific nodes); 2) spatial regularization terms in a neighborhood for each of the supports (support-specific edges); and 3) a regularization term between individual pixels and the region containing each of them (intersupports edges). We utilize these priors in a unified energy minimization problem that can be optimized by standard solvers. The proposed 2L↯CRF model consists of a CRF defined over a bipartite graph, i.e., two interconnected layers within a single graph accounting for interlattice connections. 2L↯CRF is tested on two very high-resolution data sets involving submetric satellite and subdecimeter aerial data. In all cases, 2L↯CRF improves the result obtained by the independent base model (either random forests or convolutional neural networks) and by standard CRF models enforcing smoothness in the spatial domain.
Dynamic Phone Warping - A Method to Measure the Distance Between Pronunciations

Human beings generate different speech waveforms while speaking the same word at different times. Also, different human beings have different accents and generate significantly varying speech waveforms for the same word. There is a need to measure the distances between various words which facilitate preparation of pronunciation dictionaries. A new algorithm called Dynamic Phone Warping (DPW) is presented in this paper. It uses dynamic programming technique for global alignment and shortest distance measurements. The DPW algorithm can be used to enhance the pronunciation dictionaries of the well-known languages like English or to build pronunciation dictionaries to the less known sparse languages. The precision measurement experiments show 88.9% accuracy.
Asymmetric inflation: Exact solutions

We provide exact solutions to the Einstein equations when the universe contains vacuum energy plus a uniform arrangement of magnetic fields, strings, or domain walls. Such a universe has planar symmetry; i.e., it is homogeneous but not isotropic. Further exact solutions are obtained when dust is included and approximate solutions are found for w{ne}0 matter. These cosmologies also have planar symmetry. These results may eventually be used to explain some features in the Wilkinson Microwave Anisotropy Probe data. The magnetic field case is the easiest to motivate and has the highest possibility of yielding reliable constraints on observational cosmology.
Ecosystem Services in Spatial Planning

Although the ecosystem services concept is very popular in recent years, its use in spatial planning is limited. The aim of this paper is to describe current problems of ecosystem services application in the spatial planning process. There are two aspects of research; the first is associated with the definitions and classifications of ecosystem services while the second is related to the use of the concept in supporting the decision-making processes in spatial planning. The first part of the paper discusses the definition and existing classifications system of ecosystem services and its usefulness for spatial planning. The second part is of more legal nature and is related to the spatial planning procedure. Proposals how to fit the ecosystem services concept into the planning process are presented in this part.