Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Expression OF p16INK4a Gene in Premalignant and Malignant Lesions of Oral Cavity

Squamous cell carcinoma is the summits malignant neoplasm of the oral cavity. Tobacco and alcohol is identified as risk factors, but squamous cell carcinoma can occur in patients with no known risk factors. Oral cancer is the sixth most common malignancy and is one of the major causes of cancer morbidity and mortality worldwide. Cancer is caused due to a series of alteration in genetic and epigenetic factors that occur in multiple steps and is influenced by the genetic predisposition of the individual and by exogenous environmental factors. These factors result in a series of molecular alteration, including inactivation of tumor suppressor genes expression of p16 has been proposed as a marker for malignant transformation. The p16 staining was correlated between the control and study groups and p 16 was shown to be increasing expressed in premalignant and less expressed in malignant category and was found to be statistically significant by Fischer’s exact test. This study concluded that p16 was increasingly expressed in premalignant lesions and less expressed in malignant lesion. In the present study 9 of the control cases were p16 negative and one case showed sporadic staining. The study group I showed 1 case of sporadic staining, 6 cases of focal staining and 8 cases of diffuse staining. The study II showed 14 cases of sporadic staining, 6 cases of focal staining and 5 cases of diffuse staining. Hence variations cannot be accurately assessed, but it plays a crucial role in assessing pre-malignant lesions progressing to malignancy. To confirm this, a larger sample study is required. As advances in research have leads to greater understanding of potentially malignant lesions in the oral cavity. Original Research Article Raj and Marylilly; JPRI, 33(22A): 53-62, 2021; Article no.JPRI. 66767 54
The Importance of Interphases in Energy Storage Devices: Methods and Strategies to Investigate and Control Interfacial Processes

Extended interphases are playing an increasingly important role in electrochemical energy storage devices and, in particular, in lithium-ion and lithium metal batteries. With this in mind we initially address the differences between the concepts of interface and interphase. After that, we discuss in detail the mechanisms of solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) formation in Li-ion batteries. Then, we analyze the methods for interphase characterization, with emphasis put on in-situ and operando approaches. Finally, we look at the near future by addressing the issues underlying the lithium metal/electrolyte interface, and the emerging role played by the cathode electrolyte interphase when high voltage materials are employed.
Impact Study of FY-3B MWRI Data Assimilation in WRFDA

In the first attempt to configure the Fengyun-3B satellite’s Microwave Radiation Imager (MWRI) radiance data in the Weather Research Forecast (WRF) model’s Data Assimilation system (WRFDA), the impact of MWRI data assimilation on the analysis and forecast of Typhoon Son-Tinh in 2012 was evaluated with WRFDA’s three-dimensional variational (3DVAR) data-assimilation scheme. Compared to a benchmark experiment with no MWRI data, assimilating MWRI radiances improved the analyses of typhoon central sea level pressure (CSLP), warm core structure, and wind speed. Moreover, verified with European Center for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF) analysis data, significant improvements in model variable forecast, such as geopotential height and specific humidity, were produced. Substantial error reductions in track, CSLP, and maximum-wind-speed forecasts with MWRI assimilation was also obtained from analysis time to 48 h forecast.
Eye-Tracking in Immersive Virtual Reality for Education: A Review of the Current Progress and Applications

The concept of using eye-tracking in virtual reality for education has been researched in various fields over the past years. With this review, we aim to discuss the recent advancements and applications in this area, explain the technological aspects, highlight the advantages of this approach and inspire interest in the field. Eye-tracking has already been used in science for many decades and now has been substantially reinforced by the addition of virtual and augmented reality technologies. The first part of the review is a general overview of eye-tracking concepts, technical parts, and their applications. In the second part, the focus shifted toward the application of eye-tracking in virtual reality. The third part, first the description of the recently emerged concept of eye-tracking in virtual reality is given, followed by the current applications to education and studying, which has not been thoroughly described before. We describe the main findings, technological aspects, and advantages of this approach.
Understanding the Association Between Global Self-esteem and Internet Addiction in High School Students

Internet addiction has become very prevalent among the students of high schools in 2020, especially during the isolation phase, caused by the COVID-19 outbreak. Millions of Indian high school students have been forced to stay at home and attend their classes through the online mode. It may become a serious problem until proper protocols and access to outside resources become a norm. This study was constructed using a cross-sectional design with 71 high school students consented to participate from Delhi, NCR using Purposive sampling methods. It is a reality, that people have been prone to psychological problems, when in isolation and feelings of sadness and low self-worth have been observed. It is possible for high school students to feel this disconnect, become lonely and resort to excessive internet usage. The survey consisted of two scales, which are Internet Disorder Scale 15, commonly known as IDS-15 and the Contingencies of Self-worth scale. The results indicate a significant & positive correlation between the IDS-15 and the CSW dimension “Approval from others”. The results from this study can help understand important problems faced during internet addiction research during COVID-19 outbreak and how new studies can be conducted by keeping them in mind.
A bionic soft robotic glove mimicking finger actions based on sEMG recognition

Compared with rigid robots, soft robotics is more suitable to develop anthropomorphic digits that mimics the biological structures and dexterous motions of human finger. This study proposed a surface electromyogram (sEMG) sensors-based soft robotic glove system which was able to recognize the finger activities and execute the same operation via the bionic glove. Finger activities can be recognized by using electrodes sensors to monitor the electric potential variations on specific surface of the forearm muscle regions. A hybrid robotic digit was designed that utilizes pneumatic bellow actuators to satisfy the anatomical range of the finger motion in order to mimic finger action according to sEMG information. The moving trajectory of digit tip and the range motion of each joint of the robotic digit were measured in experiments under the pressure from 0kPa to 70kPa. The bionic soft robotic glove successfully demonstrated the finger action recognition and robotic digits controlling for a variety of manipulation tasks. The feasible results provided a novel technique for controlling the soft robotic glove through sEMG signals holistically and practically, and also give inspiration and guidance for multiple fingers remote operational applications.
Graphene for Thermoelectric Applications: Prospects and Challenges

ABSTRACT Thermoelectric power generators require high-efficiency thermoelectric materials to transform waste heat into usable electrical energy. An efficient thermoelectric material should have high Seebeck coefficient and excellent electrical conductivity as well as low thermal conductivity. Graphene, the first truly 2D nanomaterial, exhibits unique properties which suit it for use in thermoelectric power generators, but its application in thermoelectrics is limited by the high thermal conductivity and low Seebeck coefficient resulting from its gapless spectrum. However, with the possibility of modification of graphene's band structure to enhance Seebeck coefficient and the reduction of its thermal conductivity, it is an exciting prospect for application in thermoelectric power generation. This article examines the electronic, optical, thermal, and thermoelectric properties of graphene systems. The factors that contribute to these material properties in graphene systems like charge carriers scattering mechanisms are discussed. A salient aspect of this article is a synergistic perspective on the reduction of thermal conductivity and improvement of Seebeck coefficient of graphene for a higher thermoelectric energy conversion efficiency. In this regard, the effect of graphene nanostructuring and doping, forming of structural defects, as well as graphene integration into a polymer matrix on its thermal conductivity and Seebeck coefficient is elucidated.
Cocaine and Cardiotoxicity: A Literature Review

Long-term cocaine use, as well as acute cocaine use, is associated with adverse cardiovascular consequences, including arrhythmias, angina, myocardial infarction, heart failure, and other conditions. Over the long term, cocaine can result in structural changes to the heart such as increased left-ventricular mass and decreased left-ventricular end-diastolic volume. Patients arriving with cocaine-associated cardiovascular complaints may not be forthcoming about their cocaine or polysubstance abuse or may be unresponsive. The role of beta-blockers, a first-line treatment for many forms of heart disease, is controversial in this population. Cocaine is a powerful sympathomimetic agent, and it was thought that beta-blockade would result in unopposed alpha-adrenergic stimulation and adverse consequences. A number of small, single-center, retrospective and observational studies suggest that beta-blockers may be safe, effective, and beneficial in this population. Further study is needed to clarify the role of beta-blockers in this population.
Hand–Eye Calibration Algorithm Based on an Optimized Neural Network

A robot can identify the position of a target and complete a grasping based on the hand–eye calibration algorithm, through which the relationship between the robot coordinate system and the camera coordinate system can be established. The accuracy of the hand–eye calibration algorithm affects the real-time performance of the visual servo system and the robot manipulation. The traditional calibration technique is based on a perfect mathematical model AX = XB, in which the X represents the relationship of (A) the camera coordinate system and (B) the robot coordinate system. The traditional solution to the transformation matrix has a certain extent of limitation and instability. To solve this problem, an optimized neural-network-based hand–eye calibration method was developed to establish a non-linear relationship between robotic coordinates and pixel coordinates that can compensate for the nonlinear distortion of the camera lens. The learning process of the hand–eye calibration model can be interpreted as B=fA, which is the coordinate transformation relationship trained by the neural network. An accurate hand–eye calibration model can finally be obtained by continuously optimizing the network structure and parameters via training. Finally, the accuracy and stability of the method were verified by experiments on a robot grasping system.
Heart-Like Micro-Flow Mixer

Abstract Micromixers are the microfluidic devices able to rapidly mix more than two liquids, with low pressure drop and high mixing efficiency (εmixing). In this study, the effect of Reynolds number ratio (Rer) and aspect ratio (AR) of heart-like biometric micromixer applied would be investigated by a numerical simulation and experimental confirmation. Results show that the heart-like biometric micromixer resulting from the coupling effect of the split and recombination (SAR) and biometric design can produce a high mixing efficiency, low pressure drop and short mixing path under a case of low Reynolds number. Two dimensional results also find that a flow mixing efficiency of εmixing=0.89 and an optimal mixing index of Midx=115 could be achieved at a flow condition of Rer=0.75 and Re2=0.1 of the middle-inlet channel I2. In additional, the three dimensional results indicate that a high flow mixing efficiency of εmixing=0.84 and the lowest pressure drop of 164.2 Pa was obtained at the flow conditions of Rer=0.9 and AR=10 when the middle-inlet channel I2 was Re2=0.1. These findings will be useful to improvement the efficiency for micromixcers of biometric design in the future.
Research on 3D Object Detection Method Based on Convolutional Attention Mechanism

In 3D object detection, the illumination and occlusion of the input point cloud data lead to inaccurate feature extraction, and the maximum pooling method destroys the information structure of the point cloud, leading to the problem of weak local feature expression. This paper proposes a 3D object detection method based on Convolutional Attention Mechanism (CAM). CAM first adds an attention mechanism to the first and last layers of the traditional feature extraction network structure, then fuses the feature information of different layers, and finally performs normalization operations. Experimental results show that this method has achieved better results on the KITTI and SUN-RGB data sets compared with mainstream algorithms DoBEM, MV3D, DSS, COG, 2D-driven, and FPNet. The mAP index has increased by 0.6%-12.5%. While CAM realizes the fusion of local and global information, it significantly improves the accuracy of object detection in illuminated and occluded scenes.
Direct Fluconazole Disk Susceptibility Testing for Candida glabrata-Positive Blood Cultures

Direct susceptibility testing from blood cultures has been reported to reduce the time interval between a positive blood culture to preliminary reporting of susceptibility and can underpin timely appropriate treatment of candidemia. The aim of this study was to evaluate direct susceptibility testing of Candida glabrata to fluconazole using disk diffusion compared to the Sensititre YeastOne broth microdilution-based method. ABSTRACT Direct susceptibility testing from blood cultures has been reported to reduce the time interval between a positive blood culture to preliminary reporting of susceptibility and can underpin timely appropriate treatment of candidemia. The aim of this study was to evaluate direct susceptibility testing of Candida glabrata to fluconazole using disk diffusion compared to the Sensititre YeastOne broth microdilution-based method. We tested 83 isolates recovered from 93 spiked and prospective blood culture bottles. Comparison of the two methods showed excellent agreement, with no very major errors and only two major errors (2.4%). The accuracy of the fluconazole disk method was 97.6% (95% confidence interval [CI], 91.6 to 99.7), with a sensitivity of 100% (95% CI, 82.3 to 100) and a specificity of 96.9% (95% CI, 89.2 to 99.6). Direct antifungal disk susceptibility testing from blood cultures is a rapid and easy-to-perform method to determine fluconazole susceptibility of C. glabrata isolates and can be used safely to reduce susceptibility report time and improve clinical decision making regarding appropriate treatment.
Ring oscillators yield analysis: Improving Monte Carlo models with optimized clustering methods

The aim of this article is to demonstrate the interest of the optimized clustering method (OCM) when dealing with the yield analysis of ring oscillators, given uncertain assumptions over inputs. Indeed, the complementary metal–oxide semiconductor (CMOS) integrated circuit domain is facing a major challenge since these devices are subjected to noticeable fluctuations (mostly due to transistor constant scaling down at sub‐micron sizes), with utmost expectations regarding their performances (e.g., for digital circuits). Whether the classical approach requires use of Monte Carlo methods coupled with classical circuit solver (e.g., Spice and/or transistor model), the natural complexity of systems and varying inputs needs to provide alternative techniques, such as OCM. The foundations of the method and its efficiency will be presented and illustrated through ring oscillator applications.
Using Term Frequency - Inverse Document Frequency to find the Relevance of Words in Gujarati Language

: TF-IDF, term frequency-inverse document frequency, is used to evaluate the relevance of a word to a document in a collection. It is used in information retrieval and text mining field. In this technique, the weight of the word is calculated which signifies the importance of the word in the document. This paper discusses about the approach to determine TF-IDF for documents in Gujarati language, which is a morphologically rich Indo-Aryan language. The approach calculates TF-IDF, based on the method to find the frequency of the words in the document. The system shows significant results, which is discussed in detail.
Effect of particle injection on heat transfer in rotating Rayleigh-Bénard convection

The present study attempts to change the regime transitions and heat transfer properties in rotating Rayleigh-Benard convection by injecting 100 µm diameter particles in the flow. The particles start settling out of the fluid immediately after injection, and separate entirely from the fluid over a period of several hours. The particles deposit on the top and bottom surfaces, forming porous layers with non-ideal thermal properties, and, as expected, decrease the heat flux. The reduction in heat transfer is a result of the inability of the layers to respond rapidly enough to fluid temperature fluctuations. However, in the rotation-dominated geostrophic regime, the heat transfer normalized by its non-rotating value is higher in presence of the particle layers than without them. Direct numerical simulations with ideal heat transfer walls indicate that the temperature fluctuations in the bulk become slower under the damping effect of rotation, in contrast with those in the boundary layers which do not show any damping until the flow transitions to the geostrophic regime. In this regime, the dominant time scale of the near-wall fluid temperature fluctuations increases substantially as the rotation rate is increased. It is thus likely that the time response of the particle layers in relation to that of the nearby fluid improves only in the geostrophic regime, which is reflected in a relatively larger heat transfer.
Chinese image caption of Inceptionv4 and double-layer GRUs based on attention mechanism

In recent years, there has been a wave of research on English image caption at home and abroad. However, due to the particularity of Chinese image caption task, the research on Chinese image caption has not made good progress. In order to solve this problem, a new Chinese image caption model is implemented. Firstly, the AI challenge dataset is enhanced, and then the Chinese text data of the dataset is preprocessed by Chinese word segmentation tool word2vec. Secondly, based on the encoder-decoder framework, the image visual features are extracted by Inceptionv4 network, the attention mechanism is incorporated in the process of feature extraction and the Chinese sentences are generated by double-layer GRUs network. In the process of training, Adam is used to optimize the algorithm. Finally, A GUI interface is designed to better show the experimental effect. Experiments show that the new Chinese image caption model can automatically generate more fluent and more accurate Chinese caption sentences, and the trained model has excellent performance in many evaluation indexes.
Effect of ginger extract and papain powder incorporation on physico-chemical and microbial quality of buffalo male calf meat rolls during refrigeration (4±1 °C) storage studies

The study was conducted with an objective to evaluate the effect of Ginger Extract and Papain Powder on shelf life of buffalo male calf meat rolls at refrigeration (4±1 °C) storage. The meat rolls were prepared with incorporation of 5% Ginger Extract (GE1) and 0.25% Papain Powder (PP1) and Combination of Ginger extract and Papin Powder in ration of 1:3 and compared with control (C) meat rolls. The products were assessed for their physico-chemical, sensory and microbiological quality at 0, 4, 8, 12, and 16 days. However, the sensory scores and moisture content decreased and microbial load, TBA value and free fatty acids (FFA) increased as the days of storage increased for control as well as treated products. The rate of decline in sensory score and moisture content and rate of increase in microbial load, TBA vale and FFA during storage were higher in control samples as compared to treated meat rolls. It was concluded that Ginger Extract (5%) and Papain Powder (0.25%) incorporation also showed their antioxidant and antimicrobial effects, by keeping the treated products organoleptically acceptable and microbiologically safe up to16 days of refrigeration storage.
A facile preparation method for nanosized MOFs as a multifunctional material for cellular imaging and drug delivery

Abstract Tb-based metal-organic framework nanoparticles (Tb-MOF NPs) with good colloidal stability and stable fluorescence properties in an aqueous solution were prepared by a simple mechanical grinding of Tb-MOF with a biocompatible polymer surfactant (F127). The characteristic fluorescence property of Tb-MOF NPs allowed us to use this nanomaterial as a cell imaging probe. Efficient cellular uptake of Tb-MOF NPs apparently via an energy-dependent endocytosis was observed by confocal laser scanning microscopy. By taking advantage of the porous nature of the Tb-MOF NPs an anticancer drug (doxorubicin) was successfully loaded and delivered to kill cancer cells to demonstrate their usage as a drug delivery vehicle. This simple grinding method afforded a nanosized, multifunctional biomaterial that was used for cell imaging and drug delivery, and it can be extended to other MOFs to widen their applications.
Morbidity of radical hysterectomy combined with caesarean section in pregnant patients with cervical cancer

Objectives: In pregnant patients with early stage cervical cancer, the preferred mode of delivery is a caesarean section (CS), which can be combinedwith a radical hysterectomy and pelvic lymphadenectomy (RHLD). The aim of this study was to compare this group of patients with non-pregnant cervical cancer patients treated by RHLD alone with regard to perioperative morbidity, oncological outcomes, and perinatal outcomes. Methods: We retrospectively reviewed all consecutive patients diagnosed with early stage cervical cancer during pregnancywhowere treatedbyCSandRHLDatour institution. Nonpregnant counterparts served as controls and were matched on a 1 : 2 ratio. Key outcomes were perioperative complications, cancer outcome and perinatal outcome. Results: Nineteen pregnant women treated with a CS and RHLD were matched with 38 non-pregnant control patients with cervical cancer who underwent a RHLD. The only di ference in morbidity was a higher estimated perioperative blood loss in the pregnant group (1600 mL) compared to the control group (800 mL; P = 0.001), resulting in seven (36.8%) and eight (21.1%) blood transfusions (P = 0.22; OR 2.19; 95% CI 0.65 to 7.38), respectively. Conclusion: Oncological outcomes were similar with 5year overall survival rates of 94% in the pregnant group and 95% in the non-pregnant group. The neonatal survival ratewas 100%. Complication rates and oncological outcomes a ter treatmentwith RHLD were comparable for pregnant and non-pregnant patientswith early stage cervical cancer. Thereforewe feel that it is safe to combine a CS with a RHLD in pregnant patients with early stage cervical cancer.