Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
On the Limits of Validity of the Low Magnetic Reynolds Number Approximation in MHD Natural-Convection Heat Transfer

In the majority of magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) natural-convection simulations, the Lorentz force due to the magnetic field is suppressed into a damping term resisting the fluid motion. The primary benefit of this hypothesis, commonly called the low-R m approximation, is a considerable reduction of the number of equations required to be solved. The limitations in predicting the flow and heat transfer characteristics and the related errors of this approximation are the subject of the present study. Results corresponding to numerical solutions of the full MHD equations, as the magnetic Reynolds number decreases to a value of 10−3, are compared with those of the low-R m approximation. The influence of the most important parameters of MHD natural-convection problems (such as the Grashof, Hartmann, and Prandtl numbers) are discussed according to the magnetic model used. The natural-convection heat transfer in a square enclosure heated laterally, and subject to a transverse uniform magnetic field, is chosen as a case study. The results show clearly an increasing difference between the solutions of the full MHD equations and low-R m approximation with increasing Hartmann number. This difference decreases for higher Grashof numbers, while for Prandtl numbers reaching lower values like those of liquid metals, the difference increases.
The loneliness of the unemployed: social and political participation in Germany in a European context

Nutzungsbedingungen: Dieser Text wird unter einer CC BY-NC Lizenz (NamensnennungNicht-kommerziell) zur Verfügung gestellt. Nähere Auskünfte zu den CC-Lizenzen finden Sie hier: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/deed.de Terms of use: This document is made available under a CC BY-NC Licence (Attribution-NonCommercial). For more Information see: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
Seasonal and daily changes in bacterivory in a coastal plankton community

Fluorescently labeled bacteria (FLB) were used to examine the long-term changes (monthly for 8 mo) and short-term changes (daily for 10 d) of bacterial grazing in a natural plankton community. Two preliminary experiments also were performed to evaluate the effect of sample volume, incubation time, and light regime on the results. Experimental results indicate a 'bottle effect' for the 3 smallest sample volumes employed (100, 200, 500 ml); lower grazing rates were always observed during 24 h incubations than during 48 h incubations. The light regime (continuous darkness, continuous light, 12L:12D) did not affect grazing rates during a 48 h experimental period. Bacterivory in the seasonal study in Vineyard Sound, Massachusetts (USA) was highly responsive to water temperature and was the primary factor determining grazing pressure over the winter-summer period. Samples incubated at 20°C during winter consistently exhibited higher rates of consumption of bacteria than a triplicate set of samples incubated at ambient water temperature or 5°C. Daily fluctuations in the rates of bacterivory during a 10 d period in May were significant, but were ca 1/10 the magnitude of the seasonal fluctuation. Maximal rates of bacterivory removed up to 60 % of the bacterial assemblage daily.
Motion Correction for Extracellular Volume Fraction Mapping in Cardiac MRI

Extracellular volume fraction mapping (ECV Map) can provide quantitative measurements of myocardial tissue with amyloid deposition and myocardial edema. ECV measurements have been shown to correlate well with myocardial brosis. Pixel-wise ECV Maps are calculated from acquired precontrast and postcontrast T1 Maps calibrated by blood hematocrit. The maps are acquired with ECG triggering and breath holding. However, ECV measurement is not accurate when heart motion occurs because of inconsistent and inadequate breath holding during image acquisition. We present an application of motion-correction algorithm for ECV Maps in cardiac MRI. Our proposed method is based on aligning the position of the heart between precontrast and postcontrast T1 Maps before calculating the ECV Map. The problem with this registration is spatial displacement of the myocardium because of different diaphragm positions. We have developed an automatic approach to detect the displacement before and after contrast injection, and the ECV Map is measured with correction of the myocardium position considering the displacement. We con rmed that our proposed method improves the accuracy of the ECV Map regardless of the size of displacement.
Comparative evaluation of the efficacy of various sanitizers in a poultry hatchery.

Summary Lyutskanov, M. , V. Urumova & G. Zhelev, 2010. Comparative evaluation of the efficacy of various sanitizers in a poultry hatchery. Bulg. J. Vet. Med. , 13, No 2, 111 −116. Disinfection procedures in hatcheries are an important part of the general set of anti-epidemic measures in poultry breeding and therefore justify the necessity of studies to evaluate the achieved disinfection effect. This study presents the results of a controlled trial with disinfectants from three chemical groups – the commercial preparations “Dezinfect-B,” “Sanifort,” and sodium hydroxide – on the efficacy of disinfection in a poultry hatchery. Control was performed through microbiological tests on samples from surfaces, obtained before and after their disinfection. The effect of the performed disinfection procedures was evaluated through the achieved microbial count reduction, residual microflora, and detection of the presence of indicator bacterial species. A higher efficacy was established for treatment with 2% solution of sodium hydroxide and 0.025% solution of Sanifort (99% sodium dichloroisocyanurate dihydrate) compared to disinfection with 3% solution of Dezinfect-B, containing 1.6% iodine with exposure times of 60 min.
Knowledge, action and reflection: A theoretically based model for use with high fidelity simulation in nursing education

The lack of direction and sound empirical evidence to support the use of high fidelity simulation in nursing education has been attributed to the lack theoretically based models that can be used to structure the use of educational simulation. This paper proposes a theoretically-based model called the Knowledge, Action and Reflection (KAR) model that can be used to structure high fidelity simulations. Theories from nursing, education and cognitive psychology were reviewed and synthesized into a comprehensive model that is designed to help educators design, implement, and evaluate high fidelity simulation scenarios for nursing education. The use of a theoretically defined model provides a testable framework to build evidence necessary to identify best practices for educational simulation.
Utilization of Smartphones in Science Teaching and Learning in Selected Universities in Ghana

This study was designed to examine the use of mobile phone, a widespread technology, and determined how this technology influences science students’ learning. The study intended to examine the use of smartphones in science teaching and learning and propose of model in the use of smartphones for teaching and learning. The research design employed was a descriptive survey. The target population for the study was science students and lecturers from three selected public universities in Ghana. Five hundred and three students and 71 lecturers were selected for the sample size. Purposive and convenience sampling techniques were used in selecting the sample size. The data was collected using questionnaires from lecturers and students. Data was analyzed using descriptive statistics. Qualitative analysis from open ended items from the questionnaires were considered and inferences drawn from the opinions of the respondents. The findings revealed that the mobile phone had great potential as a learning tool and it could positively be used for teaching and learning purposes in science areas. After analyses the results were presented in the form of tables and bar charts. Discussion and conclusions were drawn. The study generated some useful data for lecturers and students to use for recommendations for policy. Keywords: smartphone, science learning, science teaching, mobile learning
Role of potassium solublizing bacteria on nutrients uptake in red bean(Phaseolus vulgaris L. cv. Goli) under water deficit condition

This experiment was carried out to evaluate the effect of halt irrigation and bio fertilizer on plant yield, seed nutrients content, relative water content (RWC) and chlorophyll index (SPAD) of Goli genotype of red bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.), based on split plot design with three replications during two years of 2014-2015 at Arak, Iran. Halt irrigation was in main plots by four levels of control (full irrigation), halt irrigation in vegetative stage, at flowering stage and pod filling stage and four bio fertilizer were in sub plots, including: control (no bacteria), Phosphorus Solublizing bacteria (PSB), potassium solublizing bacteria (KSB) and concurrent use both of PSB and KSB. Analysis of variance showed that no significant effect of years but the effect of halt irrigation treatments was significant on plant yield, N, P, K and Zn percentage of seed, relative water content (RWC) and chlorophyll index (SPAD). Halt irrigation reduced plant yield by 67.81% in comparison to full irrigation during flowering stage. In the study, physiological characteristics such as RWC, N, P, K and Zn contents were also reduced significantly with halt irrigation at flowering stage than its effects on other stages of the crop. Also other characteristics was significantly reduced in this study with halt irrigation that this reduction in flowering stage was more than other stages.
Assessment of antifungal activity of Rumex vesicarius L. and Ziziphus spina-christi (L.) Willd. extracts against two phytopathogenic fungi

The preliminary phytochemical screening of extracts of Rumex vesicarius L. and Ziziphus spina-christi (L.) Willd. showed the presence of compounds that are biologically active against the two root rot pathogens Drechslera biseptata and Fusarium solani in vitro. The relative efficacy of this action, however, differed according to the extracted plant, solvent used, extract concentration, the target fungus and phase of growth. Ethanolic extract ranked first, followed by the remaining aqueous layer fraction. Eight flavonoid subfractions (rutin, quercetin, myricetin, apigenin, quercetin-3-O-galactoside, luteolin, kaempherol and kaempherol-3-O-robinoside) and six flavonoid subfractions (apigenin-7-O-glucoide, quercitrin, quercetin, isovitexin, rutin and quercetin-3-O lucoside-7-O-rhamnoside) were isolated from the remaining aqueous layer fraction of R.vesicarius and Z. spina-christi, respectively. Generally, spore production and germination as well as cellulolytic and pectolytic activity of F. solani were affected by plant extracts more than that ofD. biseptata. F. solani failed completely to produce spores when treated with ethanolic extract ofZ. spina-christi at the concentration of 20%. However, growth of D. biseptata was more sensitive to plant extracts than that of F. solani. Maximum activity of plant extracts was observed against spore production. It was evident that plant extracts could provide potential source of antifungal compounds. Key words: Rumex vesicarius, Ziziphus spina-christi, antifungal activity, Drechslera biseptata,Fusarium solani.
Nonlinear Stress Analysis of SMA Beam Based on the Three-dimensional Boyd-Lagoudas Model Considering Large Deformations

In this study, a nonlinear superelastic bending of shape memory alloy (SMA) beam with consideration of the material and geometric nonlinearity effects which are coupled with each other, has been investigated. By using the Timoshenko beam theory and applying the principle of virtual work, the governing equations were extracted. In this regard, Von Karman strains were applied to take the large deflections into account. Via Boyd-Lagoudas 3D constitutive model, SMA was simulated, which was properly reduced to two dimensions. With the development of an iterative nonlinear finite elementmodel, and for the purpose of obtaining characteristic of finite element beam, the Galerkin weighted-residual method was applied. In this study, by considering the different force and support conditions for the SMA beam, their effects on the distribution of martensitic volume fraction (MVF) and stress distribution were investigated. The obtained results indicate that the magnitude of MVF and consequently the level of hysteresis increases, which leads to the reduction of the modulus of elasticity and the strength of the material and therefore the deflection of SMA beam increases consequently. To validate the proposed formulation, the results were compared with other experimental and numerical results and a good agreement was achieved between outcomes.
Aural/oral performance in children with bimodal stimulation or unilateral cochlear implant

Background and Aim: Sound processors in cochlear implant (CI) cannot encode low frequency information and discard much of the temporal fine structure required to perceive fundamental frequency. Hearing aids can transmit low frequency information, which is important for pitch perception and provides many advantages for the users. This study aimed to compare aural/oral performance of bimodal cochlear implants with unilateral ones in children using parents' evaluation of aural/oral performance of children (PEACH) questionnaire. Methods: Twenty children with unilateral cochlear implant and 20 ones with bimodal cochlear implants were selected for this study. Of them, 23 had cochlear devices, 10 possessed Med-El ones, and 7 wore advanced bionics ones. Bimodal group had at least 7 months of hearing experience with digital hearing aid in non-implanted ear. In order to compare the aural/oral performance in these groups, we used the PEACH questionnaire. Results: In unilateral and bimodal groups, age of implantation and age of testing and hearing experience before CI use were not significantly different. However, there was a significant difference in quiet score, noise score, and total score between unilateral and bimodal groups (p<0.05). Conclusion: In bimodal group, aural/oral performance was significantly improved in quiet and noise situations in comparison with unilateral group. This improvement is due to the advantage of binaural processing and low frequency information provided by the hearing aid.
Evolving structure in the implementation of healthcare information systems : an actor-network analysis

This thesis focuses on eGovernance – the use of ICT as a means to improve public sector practice. Previous research has shown that there is a lack of long-term discussion on the purposes and directions of eGovernance development, often outlining it as unequivocally positive, while missing to consider the complexities and conflicts involved in this process. In order to understand the complexities of eGovernance a future-oriented perspective is needed. In other words a perspective that not only focuses on using ICT to be responsive to present needs but also making it possible to discuss which goals public sector ICT initiatives should strive for and how these correspond to goals and means in the public sector as a whole. In order to do this I employ a sustainability perspective.The aim of this thesis is to understand how eGovernance can be sustainable in such a complex organizational environment. This is approached in four papers; based on two case studies, situated in the public sector of Sweden, and a structured literature review of the use of the sustainability concept in eGovernance research.The findings of this thesis include a framework of sustainable eGovernance, including an outline of the different dimensions of sustainability: social, economic, environmental and technical. These dimensions are seen as carriers of different values and goals which are in a process of continuous dialogue and conflict. Cutting across these four dimensions are two themes: decision making and information infrastructure, which make up the backbone of how ICT can be used in order to improve public practice. The theoretical lens of sustainability widens our understanding and helps in the questioning of motivations, directions and implications of eGovernance initiatives. This thesis thus contributes with a theoretically and empirically founded framework, which is suitable as a foundation for sustainable eGovernance development and further research into that area.
Confidence bands for smoothness in nonparametric regression

The choice of the smoothing parameter in nonparametric regression is critical to the form of the estimated curve and any inference that follows. Many methods are available that will generate a single choice for this parameter. Here, we argue that the considerable uncertainty in this choice should be explicitly represented. The construction of standard simultaneous confidence bands in nonparametric regression often requires difficult mathematical arguments. We question their practical utility, presenting several deficiencies. We propose a new kind of confidence band that reflects the uncertainty regarding the smoothness of the estimate. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Short-term and long-term outlook after eventually successful albeit transiently complicated percutaneous coronary intervention for chronic total occlusion: The Rivoli chronic total occlusion registry

Aims: We aimed to appraise the outlook of successful albeit transiently complicated percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) for chronic total occlusion (CTO). Percutaneous coronary intervention of CTO may improve symptoms, systolic function and prognosis, but may be associated with short-term complications. Methods: Baseline, procedural and outcome details on patients in whom CTO PCI was attempted between 2003 and 2012 at our institution were retrieved. We compared those with failed PCI (F group) to those with successful and uncomplicated PCI (SU group) and those with eventually successful albeit transiently complicated PCI (SC group). Results: A total of 435 patients were included, with 25.7% failures and Andrea Gagnor1, Ferdinando Varbella1, Francesco Tomassini1, Sara Giolitto1, Cristina Rolfo1, Emanuele Tizzani1, Enrico Cerrato1, Alfonso Gambino1, Elisa Favro1, Rosario Tripodi1, Maria Cristina Rosa Brusin1, Paolo Gyai Pron1, Mariangela Peruzzi2, Giuseppe Biondi-Zoccai2,3 Affiliations: 1MD, Division of Cardiology, Rivoli Hospital, Rivoli, Italy; 2MD, Department of Medico-Surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies, Sapienza University of Rome, Latina, Italy; 3MD, Department of AngioCardioNeurology, IRCCS Neuromed, Pozzilli, Italy (GBZ). Corresponding Author: Giuseppe Biondi-Zoccai, MD, Department of Medico-Surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies, Sapienza University of Rome, Corso della Repubblica 79, 04100 Latina, Italy; Email: giuseppe.biondizoccai@uniroma1.it Received: 23 March 2016 Accepted: 23 August 2016 Published: 22 September 2016 PEER REVIEWED | OPEN A CE S 74.3% successes, including 67.8% in the SU group and 6.4% in the SC group. One-month major adverse cardiac events (MACE) occurred in 0.4% patients in the SU group, 7.1% in the SC group, and 2.7% in the F group (p=0.005). Risk of major adverse cardiac events (MACE) after one month was similar in patients in the SU and SC groups, with both groups faring better than those in the F group (respectively 23.7%, 17.9%, and 18.8%, p = 0.477). Similar trends for >1-month events were found for death and myocardial infarction (both p > 0.05), whereas repeat revascularization was more common after SU group (19.3% versus 14.3% and 6.3%, p = 0.005). Stent thrombosis was more common in SC group (0 versus 7.1% and 1.8%, p < 0.001). Conclusion: Patients with uncomplicated CTO recanalization are at higher risk of restenosis and revascularization, whereas those with final success despite complications are at higher risk of stent thrombosis.
The Impact of Networking on Access to Debt Finance and Performance of Small and Medium Enterprises in South Africa

Abstract The study investigates the impact of networking on access to debt finance and on performance of SMEs in South Africa. Data was collected using self-administered questionnaires in a survey. Data analysis included univariate and bivariate analysis. Results indicate there is a significant positive relationship between networking and access to debt finance and performance of SMEs. Recommendations to improve networking by SMEs are suggested.
Stability studies of fucoxanthin from Sargassum binderi.

Fucoxanthin is an important carotenoid component available in all brown algae. In this study, Sargassum binderi was used as the source of fucoxanthin and the main purpose of the study was to evaluate the stability of fucoxanthin extract against the different storage conditions. Stabilities of the extracted fucoxanthin were tested with different pH and with supplementation of antioxidant (i.e., ascorbic acid) in light and dark condition over a storage period of 4 weeks. Colour changes of the fucoxanthin extract were monitored using colour software CIE LAB system. The results revealed that fucoxanthin pigment exhibited the greatest stability when stored in dark condition. The pigments were more stable at alkaline pH region as compared to neutral and acidic condition. In dark condition, the addition of ascorbic acid greatly delayed fucoxanthin degradation and concentration ascorbic acid at 1.0% w/v displayed greatest pigment retention. In conclusion, fucoxanthin pigments were sensitive to light exposure and acidic pH condition and could be stabilised by higher concentration of ascorbic acid.
Striving for Consistency Shapes Emotional Responses to Other’s Outcomes

Based on the balance theory (Heider, 1958), we hypothesized that emotions (i.e., schadenfreude, resentment, joy and sorrow) induced by other person’s outcomes function as responses restoring balance within cognitive units consisting of the perceiver, other persons and their outcomes. As a consequence, emotional reactions towards others’ outcomes depend on the perceiver’s attitudes in such a way that outcomes of a well-liked person rise congruous responses (sorrow after failure and joy after success), while outcomes of a disliked other lead to incongruous responses (schadenfreude after failure and resentment after success). Our participants recalled a situation from their past in which somebody they liked or disliked had succeed or failed. Additionally, we manipulated whether the outcome referred to a domain where participants’ self-interest was involved or not. We analyzed the participants’ average emotional state as well as specific emotions induced by the recalled events. Consistently with expectations we found that balancing principles played a major role in shaping emotional responses to successes and failures of person who were well-liked or disliked.
Public and private sector wage distributions controlling for endogenous sector choice

We apply the instrumental quantile regression estimator of Chernozhukov and Hansen (2004b and 2006) to examine the wage structure in the public and private sector in Germany. Assuming exogenous sector choice, we find a negative mean public sector wage premium and show that the wage distribution is more compressed in the public sector. Correcting for endogenous sector choice reverses the findings concerning the mean premium but preserves the more compressed structure of the public sector earnings distribution. Since the original estimator loses its good properties if we allow the public sector premium to vary with the covariates, we propose computationally convenient estimators that achieve good small-sample properties. Applying these estimators, we find that returns to experience and education are generally higher in the private sector.