Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Supply-side effects of monetary policy and the central bank’s objective function

This paper considers a new Keynesian model with the cost channel and evaluates the supply-side effects of monetary policy on macroeconomic volatility and welfare, taking into account the endogenous nature of the objective function of monetary authorities. When the cost channel matters, supply-side effects of monetary policy depend on the degree of interest rate pass-through and the degree of price rigidity. Numerical results show that the welfare consequences of an increase in the degree of interest rate pass-through are independent of how the central bank specifies its loss function. By contrast, the welfare consequences of an increase in price rigidity depend critically on the nature of the loss function considered. Macroeconomic volatility as a function of the pass-through is almost independent of the central bank's loss function. In contrast, this volatility as a function of the degree of price rigidity depends more on the nature of the loss function.
Using ACT-R to Model Collective Sensemaking in Military Coalition Environments

Cognitive social simulations, enabled by cognitive architectures (such as ACT-R), are particularly well-suited for advancing our understanding of socially-distributed and socially-situated cognition. As a result, multi-agent simulations featuring the use of ACT-R agents may be important in improving our understanding of the factors that influence collective sensemaking. While previous studies demonstrate the feasibility of using ACT-R to model collective cognition, as well as sensemaking processes at the individual level, the development of an ACT-R model of collective sensemaking in a coalition environment presents a range of relatively novel methodological, technological and modeling challenges. Such challenges include the need to equip ACT-R agents with communication capabilities, the need to deal with highly dynamic information environments, the need to support intelligent information retrieval capabilities, and the need to represent inter-agent cognitive differences. These challenges shape the nature of research and development efforts to create a multi-agent simulation capability that can be used to explore the impact of different sociotechnical interventions on collective sensemaking processes. In this paper, we discuss the research efforts being undertaken to address these challenges in the context of the International Technology Alliance (ITA) research program. We also discuss the motivations for using ACT-R to model collective sensemaking processes and outline some opportunities for model application and empirical evaluation.
Management of Sugar Industrial Wastes through Vermitechnology

The present paper discusses the role of earthworms in recycling of sugar industrial wastes. The wastes generated from sugar industry are pressmud, bagasse, bagasse fly ash, sugar cane trash, sugar beet mud, sugar beet pulp, molasses etc. These wastes when mixed with other organic substrates become ideal mixtures for growth of earthworms. These wastes if stored in open field’s causes contamination in the environment and may cause several diseases in public health. But the governments have been unable to tackle the menace of solid waste pollution due to dearth of appropriate technologies, finance and space. Therefore, environment friendly and cost effective technologies for nutrient recycling or remediation of wastes are being advocated as an alternative means for conserving and replenishing natural resources of the ecosystems. Vermicomposting is one such technology that synergises microbial degradation with earthworm’s activity for reducing, reusing and recycling waste materials in a shorter span of time. Earthworm technology can convert sugar industrial wastes into valuable fertilizing material. The final product (vermicompost) produced during the process of vermicomposting is nutrient rich organic fertilizer with plant available nutrients such as nitrogen, potassium, calcium and phosphorus. In the present study an attempt has been made to document the role of earthworms in reuse of sugar industry waste.
Percutaneous transcatheter patent foramen ovale closure with a GORE® CARDIOFORM Septal Occluder device via the right internal jugular venous approach

In patients suffering from paradoxical embolism and cryptogenic stroke, percutaneous transcatheter closure of a patent foramen ovale (PFO) has been utilized as a means of therapy. The most frequently used approach to this procedure has been via entrance from the right or left femoral vein. However, this approach is not feasible in instances where there is an occlusion of the inferior vena cava (IVC), and thus a right internal jugular approach was used as an alternative in this case. Herein, we discuss the percutaneous transcatheter PFO closure using a GORE ® CARDIOFORM Septal Occluder device via the right internal jugular approach.
Property investor behaviour : Qualitative analysis of a very large transaction

Purpose – This explorative case study focuses on property investment decision making from a behavioural perspective at the very microlevel. The study contributes to an understanding of how property investors manage the decision-making process, including organizational aspects, property valuation, and financial management.Design/methodology/approach – Applying a qualitative approach, the authors analyse a very large transaction that occurred in the Swedish property market in 2008. In an open bid transaction, properties of Vasakronan Corporation were sold for SEK41.1 billion (€4.3 billion). Managers in both the purchasing company and the consortium making the second highest bid were interviewed. The authors were encouraged to speak freely, but also used an interview guide with a number of themes as well as specific questions.Findings – The findings reveal the characteristics of two types of property investment decision-making behaviour with respect to how actors organize the work, use external consultants, value the properties, and secure the financing necessary for a final bid.Practical implications – Creditors, analysts, and appraisers may benefit from the insight that property investment decision makers can use different approaches in determining their final bids.Originality/value – The authors use a qualitative empirical approach in analysing an extraordinarily large property transaction from a buyer's point of view and presents detailed information about this transaction as well as general insights into actual behaviour rarely examined in the property investment literature.
Hepatoprotective Activity of Fruit Pulp Extract of Litchi chinensis Sonner on Carbon tetrachloride Induced Hepatotoxicity in albino Rats

Purpose: To evaluate aqueous and alcoholic extract of fruit pulp of Litchi chinensis for hepatoprotective activity on carbon tetrachloride induced hepatotoxicity in rats Methodology: Fruit pulp of Litchi chinensis was pulverized, first batch was extracted with alcohol (90% v/v) and second batch was extracted with distilled water. Both the extracts were concentrated and dried separately under vacuum. Extracts were screened for hepatoprotective activity using albino rats (250-300gms) of either sex. Control group was treated with normal saline. Hepatotoxicity was induced by administering carbon tetrachloride, LIV-52 a marketed product was taken as standard and other groups were treated with alcoholic and aqueous extracts. After nine days the serum was analyzed for Serum Glutamate Pyruvate Transaminase (SGPT), Serum Glutamate Oxalate Transaminase (SGOT), Alkaline Phosphatase (ALP) and serum bilirubin. Livers were isolated, weighed and subjected for histopathological studies. Results: Carbon tetrachloride administration in rats elevated the level of SGPT, SGOT, ALP and bilirubin. Administration of LIV-52, alcoholic and aqueous extract significantly prevented this increase. Aqueous extract was found to be more effective than the alcoholic extract. Histopathological studies also confirmed the above investigation. Conclusion: Both alcoholic and aqueous extract of fruit pulp of Lichi chinensis has shown significant (p<0.05) hepatoprotective activity in carbon tetrachloride induced hepatotoxicity and aqueous extract is found to be more effective than the alcoholic extract.
Unchanged direction motion in general relativity: The problems of prescribing acceleration and the extensibility of trajectories

The notion of unchanged direction (UD) motion in general relativity is introduced, extending widely the concept of uniformly accelerated motion. An observer which obeys an UD motion is characterized as a pointing future unit timelike curve with all its curvatures identically zero up to the first one. The initial value problem when the acceleration of the motion is prescribed is analysed. It is also studied that the completeness of inextensible UD motions, that can be physically interpreted saying that the observers which obey an UD motion lives forever. For certain spacetimes with relevant symmetries that includes the generalized Robertson-Walker spacetimes, a geometric approach leads to the completeness. On the other hand, a more analytical approach permits to prove completeness of inextensible UD motions in a plane wave spacetime.
The Role of Metabolomics in Antiparasitic Drug Discovery

Protozoan parasites are a diverse group of eukaryotic pathogens that are responsiQ1 ble for a variety of life-threatening infections in humans, including malaria (Plasmodium spp.), African Trypanosomiasis (Trypanosoma brucei), Chagas disease (Trypanosoma cruzi), and Leishmaniasis (Leishmania spp.). These diseases primarily affect tropical and subtropical regions of the world and cause significant morbidity and mortality as well as exacerbate poverty and economic hardship in developing countries. More than 1million deaths occur annually as a result of protozoan-related diseases [1], and approximately 3.8 billion people are threatened by the risk of infection each year [2]. Control and prevention of these parasitic diseases are heavily reliant on antiprotozoal drug therapy, as there are currently no safe and highly effective vaccines. Unfortunately, the currently used antiprotozoals are severely limited by liabilities including poor efficacy, drug resistance, toxicity, high cost, and inadequate pharmacokinetic properties. Exacerbating this problem, the majority of antiprotozoal drugs currently in clinical use act by as-yet-unknownmodes of action.This impacts our ability to optimize treatment strategies, understand parasite resistance mechanisms, and monitor drug efficacy and toxicity. In the context of these liabilities and the unlikely prospect of effective vaccines for human protozoan parasites in the near future, there is an urgent need for the discovery of new drugs that are safe, effective, and act by novel mechanisms. Despite this necessity, there has been an ongoing failure to invest into basic research and development for these diseases [3, 4]. Consequently, there are significant gaps in our fundamental understanding of the biology of these pathogens [4] and a paucity of new therapeutic products and new chemical entities being approved for the treatment of these tropical diseases [5]. The successful development of tropical medicines faces unique challenges. The ideal drug should be cheap to manufacture and distribute, be orally active, require only once daily administration, or result in a single dose cure. Furthermore, complexities in parasite biology must also be considered, such as latent parasite
The effect of native oxide on epitaxial SiGe from deposited amorphous Ge on Si

We have investigated the effect of native oxide on the epitaxial SiGe from deposited amorphous Ge on Si. Instead of epitaxial growth by molecular beam epitaxy or ultrahigh-vacuum chemical vapor deposition, the SiGe layer is formed by this simple process followed by an annealing step. As observed by transmission electron microscopy, the suppression of native oxide plays an important role to achieve epitaxial SiGe. The SiGe quality degrades with increasing native oxide thickness and becomes polycrystalline with a ∼20 A interfacial native oxide. On the other hand, single crystalline SiGe can be routinely formed from a HF-vapor treated Si surface.
TO CONNECT IS TO BE INFLUENCED 1 1 To Connect is to Be Influenced: What Determines a Third-party’s Forgiveness Attitudes to Conflicting Groups’ Violent Partisan Members ACCEPTED IN ASIAN JOURNAL OF SOCIAL PSYCHOLOGY

The present research sought to answer the question of what determines an uninvolved third party’s forgiveness attitudes to conflicting groups’ violent partisan members. Specifically, Bangladeshi participants read a fictitious interview with a radicalized Palestinian who declared his intention to avenge himself against Israelis for his personal and collective plight by carrying out a suicide bombing attack. Findings revealed that an empathy manipulation (high empathy = other focused or low empathy = objective focused) influenced participants’ forgiveness attitudes towards the radicalized Palestinian such that in the high empathy condition participants were more forgiving of the target than participants in the low empathy condition. Moreover, while the strength of their religious identification (Islam) played no significant role, participants’ tendency to attribute the target’s decision to situational factors fully mediated the effects of empathy on forgiveness.
Evaluation of mineral composition of forages for grazing ruminants in Pakistan.

The current research on the assessment of mineral composition of forages for grazing ruminants was carried out at the Government Livestock Experimental Station in Central Punjab, Pakistan. The aim of the study was to determine and collect data on the mineral contents of forages or feedstuffs that are harvested and used in animal nutrition in the region. The pastures of the station were visited twice, in summer and winter for sampling so as to determine the effect of seasonal changes on the mineral contents of forages. Forage samples were analyzed to determine some macrominerals (Na, K, Ca and Mg) and microminerals (Mn, Fe, Zn and Cu) levels. These results showed that pasture grasses/ forages have sufficient levels of K, Ca, Mg, Mn, Fe and Zn to meet the requirements of ruminants being reared there but the occurrence of marginal to deficient supplies of Na and Cu appears very likely in this area of investigation. Food supplements containing Na and Cu are recommended for maximizing the potential of livestock production in this particular ranch of animals.
Integrating Environmental Justice and Socioecological Models of Health to Understand Population-Level Physical Activity

The uneven geographical distribution of environmental pathogens and salutogens, as well as the political, social, and cultural antecedents leading to this sociospatial arrangement, have been posited as a partial explanation for the stark inequalities in health across many high-income nations. Whilst there is significant international evidence for the maldistribution of health-related environmental features, few studies have examined the material outcomes (including health) of this unequal environmental ‘exposure’. In this paper we utilise the theoretical stances offered by work in the fields of environmental justice and socioecological models of health to consider the pathway between physical environmental deprivation and health. We consider the influence of multiple aspects of the ‘natural’ physical environment on individual-level levels of physical activity—both utilitarian and physical activity for leisure. We found that, for physical activity conducted for recreational purposes, there is a strong relationship with the natural physical environment: those living in the least deprived physical environments are most likely to engage in physical activity. However, for utilitarian physical activity, physical activity whose primary purpose is not the activity itself, we observed increased levels in the most environmentally deprived areas. Finally, the important role that the environment may play in shaping capabilities, particularly during the current economic and political climate, is recognised. Our results show that the environment matters and that rhetoric regarding ‘lifestyle choice’ needs to be viewed in a broader environmental context.
A Computational Analysis of Novel Non-circular Nozzles

A Computational Analysis of Novel Non-circular Nozzles by Gokhan Baskici This thesis presents a computational analysis for determining the flow properties of novel non-circular nozzles. In last few decades, non-circular nozzles have been investigated intensively due to their remarkably superior capabilities in enhancing mass entrainment over circular nozzles. In this thesis, to increase the amount of ambient fluid entrained in the jet flow, three different geometrical modifications are applied to non-circular nozzles. These modifications include changing contraction profiles, the twist angles of transition, and nozzle lengths. The flow properties of air emanating from geometrically modified non-circular nozzles are studied by using computational fluid dynamics (CFD) in the Star CCM+ fluid solver. This computational analysis shows that suitably modified non-circular nozzles are very effective passive flow conditioning devices and can modify the flow field. Particularly, nozzle with a sharp exit and large twist angle entrains the ambient fluid at a higher rate than the circular and other modified non-circular nozzles.
A Churn Prediction Iterative Model in Social Network Based on Relationship Strength

The existing research of churn prediction in social network mainly consider single individual behavior and adjacent relationship structure, we propose a churn prediction iterative model in social network based on relationship strength. First of all, according to the traditional model, we put forward a hierarchical structure approach to measure the strength of social relationship based on the traditional user relationships and the complexity of social theory. Secondly, from the two angles of the user’s activity and user’s influence, we apply iterative way to calculate the influence factor of the social environment. And based on conditional probability model, we put forward a churn prediction iterative model in social network (CIM). Experiments show that the model is suitable for the churn prediction in social network with a good effect, and improve the accuracy on churn prediction in social network.
A red tide alga grown under ocean acidification upregulates its tolerance to lower pH by increasing its photophysiological functions

Abstract. Phaeocystis globosa, a red tide alga, often forms blooms in or adjacent to coastal waters and experiences changes in pH and seawater carbonate chemistry caused by either diel/periodic fluctuation in biological activity, human activity or, in the longer term, ocean acidification due to atmospheric CO2 rise. We examined the photosynthetic physiology of this species while growing it under different pH levels induced by CO2 enrichment and investigated its acclimation to carbonate chemistry changes under different light levels. Short-term exposure to reduced pHnbs (7.70) decreased the alga's photosynthesis and light use efficiency. However, acclimation to the reduced pH level for 1–19 generations led to recovered photosynthetic activity, being equivalent to that of cells grown under pH 8.07 (control), though such acclimation required a different time span (number of generations) under different light regimes. The low-pH-grown cells increased their contents of chlorophyll and carotenoids with prolonged acclimation to the acidification, with increased photosynthetic quantum yield and decreased non-photochemical quenching. The specific growth rate of the low-pH-grown cells also increased to emulate that grown under the ambient pH level. This study clearly shows that \textit{Phaeocystis globosa} is able to acclimate to seawater acidification by increasing its energy capture and decreasing its non-photochemical energy loss.
Role of Rating Value of Words and Displaced Rehearsal in Semantic Rating Tasks

Two experiments were carried out to investigate the role of rating task, displaced rehearsal, and the value of words on the retention of items processed at the semantic level. In Experiment I, the subjects rated medium value words for either pleasantness or frequency under free rehearsal conditions. The results revealed no retention differences between words judged for pleasantness and those judged for frequency. In Experiment II, high and low pleasantness and high and low frequency values were factorially combined within a single list of words. In the free rehearsal condition, words were judged on either the pleasantness or frequency rating dimensions. In the forced rehearsal condition I, subjects compared the target words with a pair of intralist comparison words. In the forced rehearsal condition II, subjects compared the target words with a pair of extralist words. Recall was found to be significantly higher for words judged on the pleasantness than the frequency dimension in all three rehearsal conditions. This indicated the superiority of the pleasantness rating task over the frequency rating task when high and low value words were used. Existence of retention differences between the pleasantness and frequency tasks in the forced rehearsal conditions I and II also indicate that factors other than
Informatik On the Largest Comrnon Subgraph Problem

Given two graphs GI= \VI, EI) and G2 = \V2, E2), lVII = IV21 = n, to determine whether they have a size-k common subgraph is one of the earllest examples of an NP-complete problern (by a trivial reduction from the Maximum Clique problem). We show that this problern for equally sized GI and G2, i.e. when IEII = IE2I = m, remains NP-complete. Moreover, the restriction to the case k = m-\(ii, c > 1, is also NP-complete. In this result k and m can hardly be made tighter because the largest Common Subgraph problern for equally sized graphs is reducible to the Graph Isornorphisrn problern in time n°(m-k). Further, we consider the optirnization problern of cornputing the rnaximum common subgraph size. It is only known that this problern is not harder than computing the maximum clique size (V .Kann, STACS'92), and that it is approxirnable within factor 0( 1o~n) (M.Halld6rsson, 1994). For some E E ( 0, 1), we prove that the largest comrnon subgraph size is not approxirnable within addend n(. unless NP = P. The techniques used are reductions frorn the problern of distinguishing between graphs with large and small clique size. *Supported in part by grant No. MGT 000 from the International Science Foundation. Part of this work was done while visiting the Ulm university.
Agrochemicals and Personal Care Products: Occurrence, Effects, Analytical Determination and Treatment Processes

Pollution caused by agrochemicals and personal care products (PCPs) remains a severe problem worldwide. Runoff of agrochemicals from farms leads to contamination of the surface water and groundwater while PCPs are discharged through laundering, washing and bathing. PCPs enter the municipal wastewater treatment plants and are incompletely removed during wastewater treatment. To reduce or eliminate the negative impact of these pollutants to human beings, animals, organisms and the environment, water should be well treated and wastewater should be treated to zero release before discharge into the environment. In this study, the occurrence, toxic effects, analytical determination and treatment processes of agrochemicals and PCPs in water and wastewater will be presented. This review will serve as valuable literature for researchers, policy makers, and environmental pollution consultants. Moreover, it will open the door to significant discussion on agrochemicals and PCPs.