Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Effect of Dietary Vitamin E Supplementation on Growth Performance and Oxidative Condition of Red Sea Bream Pagrus major

The study was conducted to investigate effect of supplementation of α-tocopherol for juvenile red sea bream Pagrus major in relation to growth performance, tissue fatty acid composition, tissue vitamin E content, thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) and oxidative condition. Four levels of diets (0, 100, 200, 400 mg α-tocopherol/ kg diet) were fed to triplicate groups of fish (mean 112.7 ± 1.7 g) for 30 days. Weight gain and specific growth rate of the fish showed no statistical difference among the treatments. Both liver and muscle vitamin E contents increased (P < 0.05) in fish fed 400 mg vitamin E/kg, followed by 200 mg and 100 mg vitamin E/ kg diet. Tissue TBARS values were inversely related (P < 0.05) by increasing the level of vitamin E. Docosahexaenoic acid and n-3 highly unsaturated fatty acids were increased relative to the dietary vitamin E levels (P < 0.05). Hemoglobin was increased but plasma triglyceride, total cholesterol and oxidative stress were decreased (P < 0.05) as dietary vitamin E increased. In conclusion, the requirement level of vitamin E for red sea bream was 200 mg/kg of diet to reduce the lipid peroxidation in fish tissues and improve the health condition of fish. However dietary Vitamin E level did not affect on the growth performances of fish.
OBSERVAÇÃO SOBRE OS ASPECTOS HEMATOLÓGICOS DE TILÁPIA, Oreochromis niloticus (OSTEICHTHYES: CICLIDAE), CAPTURADA EM CULTIVOS NA REGIÃO DE PIRAÍ, RIO DE JANEIRO, BRASIL

ABSTRACT. Barros R.C. do R. , Almosny N.R. P., de Mesquita E. de F.M. & Torres Filho R. de A. [Hematological aspects of tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus (Osteichthyes: Ciclidae), captured from cultivated areas of Pirai in the State of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil]. Observacao sobre os aspectos hematologicos de tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus (Osteichthyes: Ciclidae), capturada em cultivos na regiao de Pirai, Rio de Janeiro, Brasil. Revista Brasileira de Medicina Veterinaria, 34(3):183-187, 2012. Departamento de Zootecnia, Laboratorio de Aquicultura, Faculdade de Veterinaria, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Rua Dr. Vital Brazil Filho, 64, Niteroi, RJ 24230-340, Brasil. E-mail: renatoclapp@yahoo.com. br The hematological values give a diagnostic support to find out the type of disease that is spreading into the population or individual, and also the evolution of it. Studies in blood cells of several species are rare. This research has the objective of a comparative study on fishes’ hematology, in order to obtain patterns to be used in tilapias, Oreochromis niloticus, examinations commercialized and cultivated in Pirai region, Rio de Janeiro state. Fifty blood samples were analyzed and hematological determination was done. The hematocrit (Ht or HCT), hemoglobin, hematimetric reference values, VHCM and CHCM show variation among the samples. It was observed that thrombocytes, monocytes and lymphocytes were high. The hematocrit was the minor average variation index.
Novel description of aldosterone synthase CYP11B2 -344 T>C gene polymorphism related to hypertension in Mexican Amerindians: Teenek, Mixtec and Mayans

This is a report on population genetics of -344 T>C polymorphism in Amerindians for the first time. The aim was to establish the frequency of this polymorphism present in the 5’ promoter region of the CYP11B2 gene in Amerindian (Mayans, Mixtecos, and Teenek) and Mestizo populations from Mexico. It has been associated with an aldosterone increase and hypertension. Analyses were carried out by 5’ exonuclease TaqMan genotyping assays in a group of 608 unrelated individuals belonging to four different Mexican populations (301 Mexican Mestizos, 106 Mayans, 151 Mixtecos, and 50 Teenek). The frequencies in these populations were compared to those reported in other ethnic groups. Results showed significant highest frequencies of -344 T allele in Mexican populations (Mestizos and Amerindians) when compared to Europeans and Asians (p C polymorphism distinguishes the Mexican population form others, including Europeans and Asians. The knowledge of the distribution of this allele could be useful in Mexican Amerindians for hypertension prevention, epidemiology and anthropology. Keywords: Amerindians; Aldosterone; Renin; Angiotensin; Cytochrome P450; Mexican; Genetics; Teneek; Mixtec; Mayans; Hypertension; Obesity; Metabolic Syndrome; Diabetes
Composition and Antibacterial Activity of Essential Oils from Leaves of Etlingera species (Zingiberaceae)

The composition of essential oils from leaves of four Etlingera species in Peninsular Malaysia were analysed using GC and GC-MS. Antibacterial activity was screened using the wet disc diffusion method and expressed as minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC). Oil from leaves of Etlingera rubrostriata was the most diverse with 23 compounds identified. Oils of Etlingera elatior and Etlingera fulgens were different in composition despite having similar aroma. Leaves of Etlingera maingayi had the highest yield of oil (1317 mg/100 g) comprising mainly dodecanoic acid (44.6%) and decanoic acid (42.6%). Oils of all four species inhibited Gram-positive bacteria with no activity against Gram-negative bacteria. Oil of E. maingayi had the strongest activity with MIC of 6.3 mg/ml against Bacillus cereus and Micrococcus luteus , and 12.5 mg/ml against Staphylococcus aureus. Based on MIC, ranking was of the order: E. maingayi > E. rubrostriata > E. elatior > E. fulgens . Variability in antibacterial activity of the leaf oils can be attributed to qualitative and quantitative differences in the constituents of individual oils.
Sur l'identité de Zephronia hainani Gressitt, 1941, à propos de la description d'un nouveau Prionobelum (Diplopoda, Sphaerotheriida, Shaeropoeidae) de Haïnan, Chine

Une nouvelle espece de Spherotherien, Prionobelum joliveti n. sp. , de Hainan (Chine) est decrite. Elle est comparee a Zephronia hainani Gressitt, 1941 dont les caracteres essentiels, qui restaient encore inconnus, sont decrits sur le mâle holotype. Cet examen montre que les deux especes sont congeneriques et appartiennent au genre Prionobelum Verhoeff, 1924 (sept ou huit especes de Chine et du Vietnam). La nouvelle espece se distingue par sa plus petite taille, sa coloration vert fonce et la plus grande longueur de la dent femorale des paratelopodes du mâle. La synonymie entre Prionobelum et Chinosphaera Attems, 1935 a pu etre etablie par l'examen de materiels-types des deux especes-types de chaque genre : Prionobelum durum Verhoeff, 1924 et Chinosphaera maculosa Attems, 1935. Une classification des Sphaeropoeinae est presentee ici, avec breves diagnoses des tribus; elle ne differe que sur un seul point (annulation de la tribu des Prionobelini) de celle d'Hoffman 1980.
Reporter Assay for Semen-mediated Enhancement of HIV-1 Infection

[Abstract] Semen contains amyloid fibrils that enhance HIV-1 infection (Münch et al., 2007; Kim et al., 2010; Roan et al., 2011; Arnold et al., 2012; Usmani et al., 2014; Roan et al., 2014). Positively charged semen amyloids capture negatively charged viral particles and increase their attachment rates to the cell surface resulting in enhanced fusion and infection (Roan et al., 2009). Since semen is highly cytotoxic, we developed an assay that allows quantification of the infection enhancing activity of semen while minimizing its cell damaging activity. Here, we describe two protocols that allow the quantification of the infectivity enhancing activity of semen using a reporter cell line (TZM-bl cells) or peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs).
SUCCESSFUL TREATMENT OF LEUKODERMA IN A BUFFALO HEIFER WITH PROLONGED ADMINISTRATION OF COPPER SULPHATE

On 22.8. 97, a two years old Nili-Ravi buffalo heifer attended the outdoor clinics of Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery for the treatment of white patches on the body. History revealed that the condition had started a month ago. Depigmented white patches appeared first on dorsal aspects of the body along the vertebral column, spreading later to involve much of the lateral and ventral thorax� abdomen, prescapular region and hind legs. Ab�ut 40% of the body surface was depigmented. The hair in the affected area had blanchekl to whitish color. A fresh green fodder of sorghum plus maize constituted the major component of the diet of the animal till late November. Subsequently the animal was maintained on berseem (Trifolium alexandrinum) plus wheat straw. Pretreatment haematological profiles were as follows: ESR 20/lst hour; haemoglobin 13 g/dl; PCV 27%; RBC count 4. 75 millions/cmm; and WBC count 5800/cmm. A diagnosis of leukoderma was reached on the basis of typical clinical signs (Radostits et al., 1994; Smith, 1990).
Displays and Postures of the Rainbow Pitta and other Australian Pittas

The Rainbow Pitta Pitta i ris was observed near Darwin, N.T . , from July 1992 to March 1995 . Territorial display, defensive display and several postures were witnessed. Comparisons were made with the Noisy Pitta P. versicolor and the Red-bellied Pitta P. erythrogaster, in northern Queensland.
Food Supply and the Annual Timing of Avian Reproduction

Avian breeding generally coincides with seasonal peaks in food supply, but detailed studies suggest that birds may breed on either the rising or the declining slopes of food availability. Nonetheless, a seasonal decline in clutch size appears general in single-brooded altricial species, except those laying only one or two eggs. Surplus-feeding experiments suggest that food in spring affects laying date and thereby clutch size in those species in which there is a decline. Survival indices for offspring, both in the nest and after fledging, generally decline with the progress of season. These effects of date of birth can be summarized in the reproductive value of eggs as a function of date of laying. It is shown that with constraints on parental investment, optimal clutch sizes should decline with season when egg reproductive value declines, independent on the nature of the constraining and proximate control mechanisms. Experimental approaches outlined to evaluate the theory, include brood-size reduction, selection experiments, and release of birds reared in captivity on different dates.
BIOECOLOGIA DE PECES DE IMPORTANCIA ECONOMICA DE LA PARTE INFERIOR DE LOS RIOS UCAYALI Y MARANON - PERU

Se estudiaron ejemplares procedentes del area ubicada entre los 73o 25’-75o 25’ de longitud Oeste y los 4o 30’ 10’ de latitud Sur, durante los anos 1982-87. Se determina madurez sexual, epoca de desove, proporcion sexual, estrategias reproductivas, engrasanciento viscerales, grado de llanura, habito e items alimenticios de las especies de consumo mas importantes. ComoProchilodus nigricans, Arapaima gigas, Colossoma macropomum, Osteoglossum bicirrhosum, Serrasalmus sp. etc.
Mechanisms of glucose absorption at a high carbohydrate level in the rat small intestine in vivo

At low maltose concentations, the rates of maltose hydrolysis and glucose absorption increased with increasing substrate concentration in the infusate. A significant fluid secretion occurred in the isolated intestinal loop perfused with hypertonic maltose solution, but water fluxes were close to zero in case of almost isotonic perfusion solutions. The findings suggest that the active transport remains a main mechanism of glucose absorption at super-high maltose concentration as well. The rates of maltose hydrolysis and released glucose absorption in the isolated intestinal loops perfused with super-high maltose concentration, enhance mainly due to an increase of effective digestive-absorptive surface of the villi and, in part, to substrate diffusion across the intestinal epithelium rather than paracellular solvent drag.
Fiebre amarilla, dos formas clínicas diferentes de una misma enfermedad. A propósito de 2 casos

La fiebre amarilla es una enfermedad infecciosa viral hemorragica transmitida por la picadura de mosquitos y con un espectro clinico variado. En el Peru se presentan en brotes, en diferentes partes de la selva alta y baja. A pesar de tener elevada mortalidad, es una enfermedad inmunoprevenible con la vacunacion que no siempre es seguida por los viajeros. Reportamos dos casos clinicos, con dos espectros clinicos distintos de una misma enfermedad en una pareja de jovenes previamente sanos, que viajaron por turismo a la selva central del Peru, en la provincia de Chanchamayo, Junin. Se debe recordar a todo viajero a la selva peruana a vacunarse previamente contra la fiebre amarilla.
Capillaries of pectoralis and biceps femoris muscles in turkeys

In the metabolism of avian and mammalian muscles microcirculation is of great importance which is related to different muscle fiber types. The skeletal muscles of birds are characterized by structural and enzymatic variety of muscle fibers. The muscle fiber types are distinguished by specific microstructure and different enzymatic activity (ROMANUL 1965; KLOSOWSKA et al. 1979; HOPPELER et al. 1981; EDDINGER et al. 1985; EDGERTON and ROY 1991). The anatomic and physiological profiles of the skeletal muscle are determined by a share of differentiated muscle fiber types. The white fibers (αW) with big diameter and low capillaries content around the fibers are fast-contracting fibers which derive energy from the process of glycolysis. The red fibers (βR) with small diameter and high capillaries content are slow contracting fibers, and are characterized by oxidative metabolism. Pectoralis muscle of turkey is composed of 90 % to 97 % of white fibers and of 3 to 10 % of red fibers, while the biceps muscle contains 50-65% of white fibers and 35-50 % of red fibers (ASHMORE 1972; KLOSOWSKA et al. 2000). The skeletal muscles increase their weight mainly by means of hypertrophy of the fibers already existing at birth (GOLDSPINK 1970; SWATLAND 1979a, b; SNYDER 1995; KLOSOWSKA et al. 1999). Lengthening of the muscle fibers and increasing of their diameters is accompanied by the increase of the number of capillary vessels (SILLAU and BANCHERO 1979; AQUIN et. al. 1980). In 88 % of all cases capillaries run in parallel to axis of muscle fibers (KROMPECHER et al. 1970; HOPPELER et al. 1984), what enables to carrying out the morphometric analysis of capillary vessels on cross-section of muscles. During the normal development of skeletal muscles in rats and turkeys the number of capillaries supplying the blood to single muscle fibers increases in a linear way according to the transverse section of muscle fiber (RIPOLLI et al. 1979; TAMAKI 1985; KURNOTH et al. 1994). However, in turkeys selected for increased body weight this phenomenon is not observed. During the period of intensive growth the increase of capillary number “does not keep up” with hypertrophy of muscle fibers. This can very often lead to ischemic and degenerative muscle changes. SOSNICKI et al. (1991) and SOSNICKI and WILSON (1991) presented for 18 weeks old turkeys the ischemic features in pectoralis and biceps femoris muscles on the basic of four morphometric parameters. These parameters contained: lower capillary density, smaller number of capillaries surrounding a single fiber, lower ratio of capillaries number
Histological and histochemical studies on the oviduct of the buffalo (Bubalus bubalis) at different reproductive stages

The tunica mucosa of infundibulum of the buffalo was highly branched with primary, secondary and tertiary folds occupying greater part of lumen in follicular phase. During luteal phase, cytoplasmic protrusion and nuclear extrusion were distinct in ampulla. The lymphocytic infiltration was more in ampulla during luteal phase. In pregnancy the mucosal folds were less prominent. The muscle layer gradually increased in size towards uterotuhal junction. No cyclic variation was observed in epithelial cells of isthmus. The histological features of pregnant oviduct resembled features observed during luteal phase. The PAS --positive material revealed metachromasia and protein, suggesting carbohydrate-protein complex nature of secretion from epithelial cells of the oviduct.
Microclimate Observation at Hermann’s Tortoise (Testudo hermanni boettgeri) Habitat in the “Iron Gates” Natural Park. Case Study: Lower Eșelniţa Watershed (Banat, Romania)

Abstract “Iron Gates” Natural Park is located in the South-Western part of Romania and is recognized for its great diversity of ecosystems, wide variety of species and emblematic landscapes. Due to its Mediterranean climatic influences and vegetation structure, the area is a suitable habitat for the existence and development of Testudo hermanni boettgeri. Monitoring both, the evolution of the microclimatic features in the lower Eșelnița watershed and the species behaviour, represents a useful step in order to determine if the global climate change endangers the conservation management of the tortoise.
Immunogenetics of collagen-induced arthritis.

Abstract CIA is a unique experimental model of disease, which may be particularly relevant to the study of RA, since it represents a true autoimmune reaction against a major joint component. Since it represents a model of the association of MHC genes and disease, it has a broad relevance to the study of disease, particularly the contribution of class II MHC genes to autoimmunity. This disease model has been demonstrated in three species, and a marked influence of immunogenetic control is apparent. Native type II collagen is a large protein with a genetically conserved structure, giving rise to a number of cross-reactive antigen epitopes between species. Susceptibility to CIA correlates with an Ir directed against certain epitopes, and this autoimmune response appears to be controlled by MHC-linked genes. In the mouse, susceptibility has been specifically associated with variations in the I-A beta chain. The immunogenetic control may be effected through the T-cell recognition of the collagen molecule, resulting in antibodies and reactive cells with a specificity for native autologous type II collagen. Although the specificity of the anti-type II collagen response is the critical element in the generation of the autoimmune reaction, production of a high level of antibody is important, as well as a complement-fixing isotype. Cell-mediated immunity to type II collagen contributes to the disease chronicity, either through the generation of inappropriate T help, or a suppressor defect, and the production of factors. However, the precise sequence of events, from antigen recognition to joint damage, has yet to be elucidated fully. Some aspects of this experimental model bear a striking resemblence to RA. Hopefully, this experimental model will provide valuable insights into the significance of collagen autoimmunity and the contribution of class II genes to the pathology of arthritic disease.
An Evaluation of Attractants to Increase Catch Rates and Deplete Age-0 Common Carp in Shallow South Dakota Lakes

AbstractCommon Carp Cyprinus carpio is a highly invasive species that can alter shallow aquatic ecosystems from clear to turbid water. Although mechanical removals are commonly used to control abundance of adult Common Carp, harvest models suggest that removing age-0 Common Carp also reduces recruitment. Attractants often improve fisheries sampling and commercial harvest and may provide a tool to increase catch rates of age-0 Common Carp. However, techniques and attractants that target age-0 Common Carp have not been evaluated. Our objective was to compare catch rates and size distribution of age-0 Common Carp captured in cloverleaf traps with and without bait (fish meal or bloodworms) or light attractants. To assess whether trapping decreased the abundance of age-0 Common Carp, we also evaluated (1) the total number and proportion of age-0 Common Carp removed from the populations and (2) whether catch rates declined temporally as a result. Traps were fished in emergent vegetation for 5–6 nights in two sh.
Functional investigation of the potential therapeutic target gene DLG2 in an11q-deleted neuroblastoma cell line and effects of 1,25 vitamin D3 and retinoic acid combination treatments

Neuroblastoma as a pediatric tumor develops in the sympathetic nervous system. DLG2 is a gene that encodes a member of the membrane-associated guanylate kinase (MAGUK) family and it resides in the chromosome region 11q. SK-N-AS is a neuroblastoma cell line with 11q deletion and consequently only one copy of the potential tumor suppressor gene DLG2. This study investigated synergistic effect by a combination treatment with 1,25(OH)2D3 and the vitamin A metabolite, retinoic acid. Separately, SK-N-AS cells was transfected with expression vector pcDNA3.1+‐DYK that contained the DLG2-gene, followed by monitoring cell proliferation and qPCR, investigating the expression of the genes DLG2, DLG3, DLG4, VDR and PDIA3. Simultaneously, effects of knocked-down of DLG2, by siRNA transfection was monitored. Transfection of expression plasmid with the DLG2 gene increased significantly gene expression in SK-N-AS cells with significant inhibition of the proliferation rate. Furthermore, silencing of DLG2 gene had no effect on the cell growth as well. Slower cell growth showed in combination treatment with 1,25(OH)2D3 (1nM) and 9-cis RA after 48 hours of treatment. Down-regulated VDR and possible missing RARRES3 could be the reason why SK-N-AS cell line showed resistance to the combination treatment with vitamin metabolites. All these results raised the question if another vitamin D synthetic analog could be a better choice for the future study of SK-N-AS cells. Moreover, overexpression of NAIP, large amounts of IGF-II, or not responsive RXR-VDR heterodimer to 1,25(OH)2D3 could be a potential explanation for the SK-N-AS cell unresponsiveness to the treatment.
Transduction of E2F1 Tat fusion proteins into primary invasive ductal breast carcinoma cell lines and subsequent effects on gene transcription

108 Introduction . 109 Materials and Methods . 112 Results . 122 Discussion . 124 Literature Cited . 132 V. TRANSDUCTION OF E2F-1 TAT FUSION PROTEINS ACTIVATES THE P73 AND P21 WAF1/CIP1 TUMOR SUPPRESSOR PATHWAYS IN P53-MUTATED BREAST CARCINOMA CELLS Abstract . 135 Introduction . 136 Materials and Methods . 139 Results . 150 Discussion . 154 Literature Cited . 164. 135 Introduction . 136 Materials and Methods . 139 Results . 150 Discussion . 154 Literature Cited . 164 VI. GENERAL DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION . 168 LITERATURE CITED . 182
Surveying Changes in Sectional Tissue Nutrient Concentrations of Hibiscus acetosella ‘Panama Red’ during Adventitious Root Formation

A study was conducted to observe changes in mineral element concentrations within different sections of leafy stem cuttings of Hibiscus acetosella ‘Panama Red’ (PP20121) during a 21-day propagation period under standard industry propagation conditions. Concentrations of 13 mineral elements were analyzed in leaves, lower stems (below substrate), upper stems (above substrate), and roots at 3-day intervals. Before root emergence (day 0–6), P, K, Zn, Ca, and Mg concentrations decreased in the shoots (including upper stems and leaves), whereas Zn, Ca, and B concentrations decreased in the lower stems. Sulfur increase occurred in lower stems before root emergence. After rooting (day 9–21), N, P, Zn, Fe, Cu, and Ni concentrations decreased in the roots; K, S, B, and Mg concentrations increased. In the lower stems, N, P, K, S, and Zn concentrations decreased, whereas B increased. Potassium concentration decreased in the leaves; P, K, S, and Zn decreased in the upper stems. Calcium and Mg increased in leaves. This study indicates speciﬁc nutrients are important in adventi- tious rooting, and that it is important to analyze rooting as a function of ﬁne-scale temporal measurements and ﬁne-scale sectional measurements.