Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Exploration of amplified fragment length polymorphism analysis as an effective tool for discriminating pathogenic strains of bacteria

Correspondence: Kate Weinbrecht Department of Forensic Sciences, 1111 West 17th Street, Tulsa, OK 74107, USA Tel +1 503 701 3758 Email kateldw@okstate.edu Background: The detrimental effect pathogens used as bioweapons could have on the US is sufficient to warrant extensive efforts to establish preparedness to prevent, and, if necessary, respond to such an event. The objective of this research was to adapt and refine amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) analysis for DNA profiling of microbial strains for use in forensic and clinical case work. Methods: Included in this study were multiple strains of Pseudomonas syringae that were restricted in their respective host ranges (ie, the pathovars maculicola and tomato), Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Serratia marcescens, and Staphylococcus aureus. AFLP profiles were reduced to numeric haplotype codes that conveyed the size characteristics of the profiles. Results: The AFLP assay exhibited over 97% reproducibility and every analyzed strain produced a unique haplotype code. Conserved areas of similarity were identified in haplotype codes of closely related strains of the same species, indicating that AFLP may also be a useful species identification tool, a possibility supported by cluster analysis of AFLP codes Conclusion: The results of this study demonstrate that AFLP technology is sufficiently reproducible, powerful, and reliable for use as a broadly effective molecular screening tool in microbial forensics.
Comparison of Low Frequency Sound Insulation Field Measurement Methods

The reliable field measurement of airborne sound insulation between rooms in the very low frequency range (20 Hz – 100 Hz) presents a substantial challenge for several reasons. Sound source and microphone placement can have a strong effect on the transmission, and diffuse field conditions are usually not possible to establish in medium-sized rooms. In this study we compare three methods that have been proposed previously for transducer placement with each other, and with mass law theory. Our results show that substantially different values may be obtained from each method of measurement. Furthermore, we examine the influence of the test signal on the measurement, and find that non-linearities in the building fabric can also substantially affect the apparent sound reduction index in the very low frequency range. We discuss how measurement techniques might be refined to increase their reliability.
Enterovirus immunity and maternal enterovirus infections - connection to type 1 diabetes

7 TIIVISTELMÄ . 9 INTRODUCTION.11 REVIEW OF THE LITERATURE . 12 1. TYPE 1 DIABETES . 12 1.1 Epidemiology.12 1.2 Genetic susceptibility.13 1.3 Pathogenesis.13 2. ENVIROMENTAL FACTORS IN THE PATHOGENESIS OF TYPE 1 DIABETES . 14 2.1 Dietary factors.15 2.2 Virus infections.16 2.2.1. Enteroviruses.17 2.2.1.1. Epidemiology and clinical manifestations . 19 2.2.1.2. Immune response. 22 2.2.1.4. Connection to type 1 diabetes . 24 3. SOCIO-ECONOMIC AND POPULATION EFFECTS ON THE RISK OF TYPE 1 DIABETES . 27 4. POPULATION AND HOST DYNAMICS IN ENTEROVIRUS INFECTIONS . 29 OBJECTIVES OF THE PRESENT STUDY . 32 SUBJECTS AND METHODS . 33 1. SUBJECTS . 33 1.1 Intrauterine series (I,II) . 33 1.2. Subjects with aseptic meningitis (III) . 34 1.3. EPIVIR series (III-V). 35 1.3. 1. Cross-sectional series (IV, V) . 35 1.3. 2. Time-trend series (III, IV). 36 2. METHODS . 38 2.1 Infection induced immunity.38
Testing the extraction of past seawater Nd isotopic composition from North Atlantic deep sea sediments and foraminifera

Neodymium isotopes provide a paleoceanographic proxy for past deep water circulation and local weathering changes and have been measured on various authigenic marine sediment components, including fish teeth, ferromanganese oxides extracted by acid‐reductive leaching, cleaned foraminifera, and foraminifera with Fe‐Mn oxide coatings. Here we compare Nd isotopic measurements obtained from ferromanganese oxides leached from bulk sediments and planktonic foraminifera, as well as from oxidatively‐reductively cleaned foraminiferal shells from sediment cores in the North Atlantic. Sedimentary volcanic ash contributes a significant fraction of the Nd when the ferro‐manganese (Fe‐Mn) oxide coatings are leached from bulk sediments. Reductive leachates of marine sediments from North Atlantic core tops near Iceland, or directly downstream from Iceland‐Scotland Overflow Waters, record ɛNd values that are significantly higher than seawater, indicating that volcanic material is easily leached by acid‐reductive methods. The ɛNd values from sites more distal to Iceland are similar to modern seawater values, showing little contamination from Iceland‐derived volcanogenic material. In all comparisons, core top planktonic foraminifera ɛNd values more closely approximate modern deep seawater than the bulk sediment reductive leached value suggesting that the foraminifera provide a route toward quantifying the Nd isotopic signature of deep North Atlantic water masses.
Meta Framing Terminology : A Process-Oriented Approach

The frame notion used in Frame Semantics can be traced to case frames, which were said to characterize a small abstract situation in such a way that if one wished to understand the semantic structure of a verb it was necessary to understand the properties of the entire scene that it activated. A frame has been more broadly defined as any system of concepts related in such a way that one concept evokes the entire system. In this sense, it bears an obvious affinity with terminology, which is also based on such conceptual organization. However, despite the fact that Frame Semantics has been usefully applied to lexicology and syntax, so far it has not been systematically applied to terminology. This paper argues for a frame-based organization of specialized fields in which a dynamic process-oriented frame provides the conceptual underpinnings for the location of sub-hierarchies of concepts within a specialized domain event, and the elaboration of a definition template, thus opening the door to a more adequate representation of specialized fields as well as supplying a better way of linking terms to concepts. The domain of coastal engineering is used as an example because the entities in play take part in processes that are difficult to describe only by means of conceptual trees. Through the use of corpus data we demonstrate how it is possible to represent such an event and create a dynamic frame which enriches and enhances the understanding of specialized field concepts. MOTS-CLÉS/
Flow Cytometric Analysis of Cell Size in B-Cell Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma: Reliability and Potential Diagnostic Significance

To explore if lymphoma cell size can be reliably evaluated by flow cytometry, we examined average cell size of 144 cases of B-NHL using the mean forward scatter (FSC). We found that the mean cell size of internal reactive T-cells (RTCs) was essentially the same among diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL), follicular lymphoma (FL), and small non-germinal center B-cell lymphoma (SNGCBL). In contrast, mean cell size of neoplastic B-cells (NBCs) of DLBCL (n=26, FSC=596) was significantly greater than FL grade3 (n=26, FSC=492), FL grade 1-2 (n=59, FSC=407) or SNGCBL (n= 33, FSC=412). Furthermore, the mean cell size of NBCs of FL grade 3 was significantly greater than that of FL grade 1-2, while the mean cell size of SLL and FL grade 1-2 were about the same. Therefore, evaluation of average size of NBCs by flow cytometry is a potentially useful diagnostic parameter in classification and grading of B-NHL.
Atomic and electronic structures of single-layer FeSe on SrTiO3(001): The role of oxygen deficiency

Using first-principles calculation, we propose an interface structure for single triple-layer FeSe on the SrTiO3(001) surface, a high-T-c superconductor found recently. The key component of this structure is the oxygen deficiency on the top layer of the SrTiO3 substrate, as a result of Se etching used in preparing the high-T-c samples. The O vacancies strongly bind the FeSe triple layer to the substrate giving rise to a (2 x 1) reconstruction, as observed by scanning tunneling microscopy. The enhanced binding correlates to the significant increase of T-c observed in experiment. The O vacancies also serve as the source of electron doping, which modifies the Fermi surface of the first FeSe layer by filling the hole pocket near the center of the surface Brillouin zone, as suggested from angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy measurement.
The taxonomic status of Carrion and Hooded Crows

The taxonomic status of Carrion Corvus corone and Hooded Crows C. cornix is reviewed. As well as the obvious differences in plumage between the two, there is good evidence for non-random mating and reduced fitness of hybrids between Carrion and Hooded Crows, which together provide sufficient evidence for them to be regarded as separate species under most species concepts. Differences in vocalisations and ecology support this distinction. It is therefore recommended that Carrion Crow and Hooded Crow be treated as separate species. wards, through the Middle East to northern, western and central Asia. These include cornix, capellanus, sharpii and pallescens.
GESTATIONAL IRON DEFICIENCY ANEMIA IS NOT SIMPLY A CONSEQUENCE OF IRON DEFICIENCY : AN OBSERVATIONAL STUDY FOR COFOUNDERS

Hesham M. Abo Ragab MD 1 , Ehab Barakat MD 1 and Ommnia Abdulla MD 2 . Departments of Obstetrics & Gynecology 1 & Medical Biochemistry 2 , Faculty of Medicine, Benha University, Egypt. Manuscript Info Abstract . Manuscript History
Are We Getting Old? What Does Post Injury Mean Today?

Geriatric trauma patients have been identified as the fastest growing population at trauma centers across the country. By 2025, it is estimated that 40% of all trauma admits will be elderly [1]. Adults ages 65 years and older constitute the fastest-growing segment of the US population. This age group is projected to constitute 19.3% of the population by the year 2030 [2], and trauma systems are already seeing a disproportionate increase in geriatric trauma patients, as 23.7% of patients in the national trauma data bank of 2011 were 65 years and older
Motor Imagery ECoG Signal Classification Using Sparse Representation with Elastic Net Constraint

In recent years, the brain-computer interface (BCI) technology based on the motor imagery has provided a new method for people to communicate with the outside world. How to effectively extract features and improve the recognition rate of EEG signals is one of the hot problems in this field. This study is based on the motor imagery ECoG signals, in which the common spatial pattern (CSP) algorithm is used for feature extraction, and then the extracted energy features are classified by the classification algorithms. In order to improve the classification accuracy of the ECoG signals, this study introduces the sparse representation-based classification (SRC) algorithm with the elastic network constraint. Then the accelerated proximal gradient (APG) algorithm and the least angle regression (LARS) algorithm are respectively applied to sparse coding for the ECoG signals. The elastic network which combines the L1 norm and the L2 norm not only avoids the over-fitting problem, but also has a higher prediction ability than the Lasso algorithm. The experimental results demonstrate that the proposed method can achieve better classification performance than other algorithms, such as the sparse representation algorithms with L1 minimization, SVM, KNN, Adaboost, and Naive Bayes.
econstor Make Your Publications Visible . A Service of zbw

For more than 40 years, oil and gas companies have been able to choose between two competing methods for accounting for exploration activities. The implication is that two otherwise identical companies can report substantially different earnings depending on chosen method. This situation, where oil and gas company managers have discretion to choose between different accounting methods, has transpired because of intense lobbyism towards accounting standard setters by oil and gas companies in favour of one of the methods. The existence of two accounting methods is concerning since investors will struggle to uncover the true underlying performance of oil and gas companies. We conjecture that investors will resort to operating cash flows to evaluate oil company financial performance since cash flows are less affected by managers’ discretion than earnings are. In this study, we investigate the relevance to investors of earnings versus cash flow for oil and gas companies. Our results show that cash flow measures, but not earnings, are significantly associated with oil company returns. These findings suggest that the financial markets lack confidence in oil company earnings, irrespective of accounting method used, and investors therefore prefer cash flows as measures of underlying financial performance. *Corresponding author: Bård Misund, Business School, University of Stavanger, N-4036 Stavanger, Norway E-mail: bard.misund@uis.no Reviewing editor: David McMillan, University of Stirling, UK Additional information is available at the end of the article
Theoretical research without projects

We propose a funding scheme for theoretical research that does not rely on project proposals, but on recent past scientific productivity. Given a quantitative figure of merit on the latter and the total research budget, we introduce a number of policies to decide the allocation of funds in each grant call. Under some assumptions on scientific productivity, some of such policies are shown to converge, in the limit of many grant calls, to a funding configuration that is close to the maximum total productivity of the whole scientific community. We present numerical simulations showing evidence that these schemes would also perform well in the presence of statistical noise in the scientific productivity and/or its evaluation. Finally, we prove that one of our policies cannot be cheated by individual research units. Our work must be understood as a first step towards a mathematical theory of the research activity.
Increased Runoff from Melt from the Greenland Ice Sheet: A Response to Global Warming

The authors attribute significantly increased Greenland summer warmth and Greenland Ice Sheet melt and runoff since 1990 to global warming. Southern Greenland coastal and Northern Hemisphere summer temperatures were uncorrelated between the 1960s and early 1990s but were significantly positively correlated thereafter. This relationship appears to have been modulated by the North Atlantic Oscillation, whose summer index was significantly (negatively) correlated with southern Greenland summer temperatures until the early 1990s but not thereafter. Significant warming in southern Greenland since 1990, as also evidenced from Swiss Camp on the west flank of the ice sheet, therefore reflects general Northern Hemisphere and global warming. Summer 2003 was the warmest since at least 1958 in coastal southern Greenland. The second warmest coastal summer 2005 had the most extensive anomalously warm conditions over the ablation zone of the ice sheet, which caused a record melt extent. The year 2006 was the third warmest in coastal southern Greenland and had the third-highest modeled runoff in the last 49 yr from the ice sheet; five of the nine highest runoff years occurred since 2001 inclusive. Significantly rising runoff since 1958 was largely compensated by increased precipitation and snow accumulation. Also, as observed since 1987 in a single composite record at Summit, summer temperatures near the top of the ice sheet have declined slightly but not significantly, suggesting the overall ice sheet is experiencing a dichotomous response to the recent general warming: possible reasons include the ice sheet’s high thermal inertia, higher atmospheric cooling, or changes in regional wind, cloud, and/or radiation patterns.
Location of a Single P-Tubulin Gene Product in Both Cytoskeletal and Mitotic-spindle Microtubules in Physavum polycephalum

In the mutant BEN210 of Physarumpolycephalum several P-tubulins are detectable. pl-tubulin is unique to the myxamoeba, P2-tubulin is unique to the plasmodium, and the mutant Pl-210 tubulin encoded by the benD210 allele is present in both cell types. In order to analyse the subcellular distribution of the Pl-2 10 polypeptide, we prepared cytoskeletons from myxamoebae and mitotic spindles from plasmodia, and examined the tubulin polypeptide composition of these microtubular organelles by two-dimensional gel electrophoresis and immunoblotting. The results show that the Pl-210 tubulin is present in microtubules of both the cytoskeleton and the intranuclear mitotic spindle. Thus a single P-tubulin gene product can participate in multiple microtubular organelles in distinct cellular compartments.
Norrishite , a new manganese mica , K ( Mnl + Li ) Si 4 Or 2 , from the Hoskins mine , New South Wales , Australia

s, 29, 7 8-347 8). Nambu, M. , Tanida, K. , and Kitamura, T. (1969) Kdzulite, a new alkali amphibole from Tanohata mine, Iwate Prefecture, Japan. Journal of the Japanese Association of Mineralogists, Petrologists and Economic Geologists, 62, 311-328. Reinecke, T. (1986a) Crystal chemistry and reaction relations of piemontites and thulites from highly oxidized low-grade metamorphic rocks at Vitali, Andros Islands, Greece. Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology, 93,5G76. -(1986b) Phase relations of surssasite and other higlly oxidized low-grade, high-pressure metamorphic rocks from Ewia and Andros Islands, Greece. Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology, 94,110-
CONFIANÇA EM EMPRESAS FAMILIARES: UM METAESTUDO EM TOP JOURNALS ENTRE 2000 E 2016

Este artigo busca verificar o que foi publicado sobre confianca em estudos de empresas familiares nos principais journals da Administracao no periodo entre 2000 e 2016, analisando as abordagens teoricas e metodologicas utilizadas. Para alcancar estes objetivos, foi realizado um metaestudo por meio da analise de 23 artigos sobre a tematica publicados em journals de alto fator de impacto na area da Administracao, indicados por pesquisadores especialistas. Observou-se que a confianca nao vem sendo analisada como principal objetivo em grande parte dos estudos em empresas familiares. Quanto as abordagens teoricas, identificou-se que a maioria dos estudos nao esta embasado em teorias e, aqueles que estao, utilizam predominantemente as Teorias da Agencia, Institucional e Stewardship. No que se refere as abordagens metodologicas, ha a predominância de estudos qualitativos, sendo a pesquisa documental a tecnica de coleta de dados mais utilizada. Destaca-se, tambem, a utilizacao de dados secundarios para realizacao das pesquisas em 73,91% dos estudos analisados. Por fim, com base nas lacunas apresentadas nos artigos, sao apresentadas 7 sugestoes de estudos, visando ao desenvolvimento das pesquisas sobre confianca em empresas familiares.
The Herschel Virgo Cluster Survey - XX. Dust and gas in the foreground Galactic cirrus

We study the correlation between far-infared/submm dust emission and atomic gas column density in order to derive the properties of the high Galactic latitude, low density, Milky Way cirrus in the foreground of the Virgo cluster of galaxies. Dust emission maps from 60 to 850 um are obtained from SPIRE observations carried out within the Herschel Virgo Cluster Survey, complemented by IRAS-IRIS and Planck-HFI maps. Data from the Arecibo legacy Fast ALFA Survey is used to derive atomic gas column densities for two broad velocity components, low and intermediate velocity clouds. Dust emissivities are derived for each gas component and each far-infared/submm band. For the low velocity clouds, we measure an average emissivity 0.79 +/- 0.08 times 1E-20 MJy sr^-1 cm^2 at 250 um. After fitting a modified blackbody to the available bands, we estimated a dust absorption cross-section 0.49 +/- 0.13 times 1E-25 cm^2 H^-1 at 250 um (with dust temperature T = 20.4 +/- 1.5 K and spectral index beta = 1.53 +/- 0.17). The results are in excellent agreement with those obtained by Planck over a much larger coverage of the high Galactic latitude cirrus (50% of the sky vs 0.2% in our work). For dust associated with intermediate velocity gas, we confirm earlier Planck results and find a higher temperature and lower emissivity and cross-section. After subtracting the modelled components, we find regions at scales smaller than 20' where the residuals deviate significantly from the average, cosmic-infrared-background dominated, scatter. These large residuals are most likely due to local variations in the cirrus dust properties (and/or the dust/atomic-gas correlation) or to high-latitude molecular clouds with average N_H2 \lt~ 1E20 cm^-2. We find no conclusive evidence for intracluster dust emission in Virgo.
Effects of initial conditions in decaying turbulence generated by passive grids

The effects of initial conditions on grid turbulence are investigated for low to moderate Reynolds numbers. Four grid geometries are used to yield variations in initial conditions and a secondary contraction is introduced to improve the isotropy of the turbulence. The hot-wire measurements, believed to be the most detailed to date for this flow, indicate that initial conditions have a persistent impact on the large-scale organization of the flow over the length of the tunnel. The power-law coefficients, determined via an improved method, also depend on the initial conditions. For example, the power-law exponent m is affected by the various levels of large-scale organization and anisotropy generated by the different grids and the shape of the energy spectrum at low wavenumbers. However, the results show that these effects are primarily related to deviations between the turbulence produced in the wind tunnel and true decaying homogenous isotropic turbulence (HIT). Indeed, when isotropy is improved and the intensity of the large-scale periodicity, which is primarily associated with round-rod grids, is decreased, the importance of initial conditions on both the character of the turbulence and m is diminished. However, even in the case where the turbulence is nearly perfectly isotropic, m is not equal to −1, nor does it show an asymptotic trend in x towards this value, as suggested by recent analysis. Furthermore, the evolution of the second- and third-order velocity structure functions satisfies equilibrium similarity only approximately.
Heat Transfer Coefficients in Concentric Annuli

The geometric shape of a passage's cross-section has an effect on its convective heat transfer capabilities. For concentric annuli, as cross section, the diameter ratio of the annular space plays an important role. The purpose of this investigation was to find a correlation that will accurately predict heat transfer coefficients at the inner wall of smooth concentric annuli for the flow of water. Experiments were conducted on water under turbulent flow conditions for a wide range of diameter ratios. The Wilson plot method was used to determine the heat transfer coefficients from which a correlation was developed that could be used to predict the heat transfer coefficients. It was found that the correlation predicted Nusselt numbers accurately within 3% of measured values for diameter ratios between a= 1.7 and a= 5.1 and a Reynolds numbers range of 4 000 to 30 000.