Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Social and economic factors influencing the age of menarche of female students at the Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences at the Jan Kochanowski University in Kielce compared to developmental norms

Introduction: The age of menarche is the beginning of the final puberty phase. It is used as an assessment criterion for girls’ sexual maturation. Despite much research in the area, the issue is still valid because, along with improvement of the quality of life and socio-economic conditions, a tendency has been observed for girls go through puberty earlier. Aim of the research: To analyse the menarche age of female students at the Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences Jan Kochanowski University (JKU) in Kielce with respect to socio-economic conditions and developmental norms. Material and methods: An anonymous retrospective questionnaire was applied and filled out by a total of 132 female students (70 from urban areas, 62 from rural areas). The questions concerned menarche age, socio-economic conditions, health, height, and weight. From the obtained data, mean values and standard deviations were calculated, and Student’s t-test analysis was performed. Results: Among the female students from urban areas, the majority of them, i.e. 18.57%, achieved sexual maturity at the age of 12.0 years. Among the girls from rural areas, the majority of them (19.37%) had their first menstruation at the age of 13.0. The mean menarche age of female students from cities is 12 years and 10 months, from the countryside – 13 years and 1 month. The mean puberty age of the JKU female students is similar to the corresponding age in other regions of Poland. Conclusions: It cannot be unequivocally stated that socio-economic conditions have a crucial impact on the age of menarche. The differences between urban and rural standard of living conditions are blurring.
Synthesis and preliminary hepatotoxicity evaluation of new caffeine-8-(2-thio)-propanoic hydrazid-hydrazone derivatives

New series of caffeine-8-(2-thio)-propanoic hydrazid-hydrazone derivatives were designed and synthesized. The targed compounds were obtained in yields of 51 to 96% and their structures were elucidated by FTIR,1H NMR,13C NMR, MS and microanalyses. All of the compounds were found to be “drug-like” as they fulfill the criteria of drug-likeness, which includes the MDDR-like rule. The tested compounds were subjected toin silicoprediction of substrate/metabolite specificity and Drug Induced Liver Injury (DILI). The prediction for indicated that the evaluated compounds would most probably act as CYP1A2 substrates. The performedin vitrostudies didn’t reveal statistically significant hepatotoxicity of the tested compounds, probably due to the pro-oxidant effects expressed on sub-cellular (isolated rat liver microsomes) level. The obtained experimental results confirmed the predicted low hepatotoxicity for the tested structures. Based on these results the compounds may be considered as promising structures for design of future molecules with low hepatotoxicity.
Adaptive Fixed-Time Non-singular Terminal Sliding Mode Attitude Stabilization Control for Rigid Spacecraft with Actuator Faults

Fixed-time convergence control strategies based on adaptive Non-Singular Terminal Sliding Mode are proposed for rigid spacecraft attitude stabilization subject to actuator faults. A novel fixed-time sliding mode surface is used. Then, a fixed-time controller with adaptive law is derived to guarantee that the closed-loop system is stable in the sense of the fixed-time concept. Finally, the Lyapunov stability analysis shows that the controller has a good fault-tolerant performance on actuator faults. Numerical simulation verified the good performance of the controller in the attitude stabilization control.
A Framework for Improving Business and Technical Operations within Timber Frame Self-Build Housing Sector by Applying an Integrated VR/AR and BIM Approach

Timber Frame Self-Build Housing Sector (TFSBS), accounts only to 7-10% of the UK’s housing construction market. This figure is significantly higher in some other contexts, e.g. 80% in Austria, 60% in Canada and 50% in the USA. With the government’s policies stepping in to encourage selfbuilding, it is essential for the companies to increase their competitiveness providing an efficient workflow and clear communication with the clients by using the latest digital technologies. End-users, who make buying decisions to self-build, often have little or no knowledge of the construction industry. Therefore, they face significant challenges in communication with professionals in terms of spatial awareness, ability to visualise technical drawings and understanding the construction process. For many architectural and construction practices in the UK’s TFSBS, the primary communication medium with clients is email. This results in an increased number of the iterations per each project lifecycle, leading to difficulties in interoperability among designers, manufacturers and builders. Virtual and Augmented Reality (VR and AR) technologies are widely acknowledged as aids for clients and professionals in a more productive interaction. Game technologies have also been recognised to be effective in resolving problems in science and business. However, designing data-rich Virtual Reality Environments (VREs) that would enhance clients’ spatial understanding from the solution spaces, simplify architect-client business/marketing communications, provide parametric customisation options, consolidate quantification, support interoperability, and leverage integration across the whole BIM process are still outstanding challenges. Business and technical key performance indicators, as well as conceptual and methodological frameworks, are developed for adopting BIM principles and emerging game-like VR and AR technologies to support TFSBS within the UK housing industry in Business and Technical Operations. This paper concludes with technical recommendations for the development of a proof of concept prototype to support the aim as mentioned above.
Efectos Metabólicos de los Antipsicóticos Atípicos

Se ha relacionado el uso de antipsicoticos atipicos con un incremento del riesgo cardiovascular de los pacientes que los reciben de forma habitual. Un aspecto importante a tener en cuenta es la mayor prevalencia de algunos factores de riesgo cardiovascular en la poblacion psiquiatrica. Sin embargo, varios estudios apuntan a un papel importante en la genesis o empeoramiento de dicho riesgo por parte de los farmacos antipsicoticos atipicos. Tambien parece claro que no todos estos farmacos son iguales en terminos de aumento del riesgo tanto desde el punto de vista del metabolismo hidrocarbonato como del lipidico. Asi, olanzapina y clozapina tienen un perfil de riesgo mayor que quetiapina y risperidona y en el lado opuesto se encuentran aripiprazol, sertindol y ziprasidona.
Failure Characteristics and Seismic Performance Based on Artificial Intelligence and Precast Concrete Shear Walls

In order to study the failure characteristics and seismic performance of precast concrete shear walls, the basic failure processes and phenomena of six shear walls were introduced. The length of the reinforcing bar of the prefabricated shear wall specimens with three confinement anchors was 1 times that of the anchorage length of the steel bar. Through analysis and observation, the failure forms of three prefabricated concrete shear walls of YZ12, YZ16 and YZ20 were bending shear composite failure. Because of the effect of the spiral stirrup, the collapse phenomenon was not found in the concrete core area of the compression zone. At the end of the test, the vertical steel bars were yielded. The results show that the most lateral longitudinal bar of YZ12 was broken at the connection between the ground beam and the prefabricated shear wall specimens. In the late test of three contrast cast-in-situ shear walls, the concrete compression zone was completely crushed and the edge longitudinal reinforcement exposed and showed obvious deformation. Therefore, the binding method of constrained pulp anchorage bar is safe and effective.
Evaluation of HER2/neu Expression in High-Grade Endometrial Carcinoma and Its Clinicopathological Correlation

Background & Objective: Endometrial carcinoma (EC) has been traditionally classified into two distinct categories of low-grade and high-grade. Type I (low grade) EC, which constitutes the majority of cases, is linked to estrogen-related molecular pathways. But type II (high-grade) EC accounts for 10-20% of cases and behaves in an aggressive way. Pathologic and biological features of type II EC have not been fully elucidated yet. Several investigations have demonstrated HER2/neu expression and amplification in type II EC, especially papillary serous carcinoma (PSC). This study assessed HER2/neu expression in high-grade EC as well as its association with other clinical and histopathological prognostic factors. Methods: In this cross-sectional study, we performed HER2/neu immunohistochemical (IHC) staining in 37 high-grade EC cases with histological diagnostic categories of PSC (n=23), clear cell carcinoma (CCC) (n=9), and carcinosarcoma with high-grade carcinomatous component (PSC, CCC, grade 3 endometrioid carcinoma, or unclassified high-grade adenocarcinoma) (n=5). All patients were followed for 2-9 years in order to evaluate their disease-free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS) during study period (2005-2014). Results: HER2/neu IHC staining was positive in 12 patients (32.4%) including 8/23 (34.8%) PSC, 2/9 (22.2%) CCC, and 2/5 (40%) carcinosarcoma cases. There was no statistically significant difference between HER2/neu expression and DFS or OS of the patients (P>0.05). Conclusion: We observed that HER2/neu is expressed in one-third of high-grade ECs. This ancillary test is supportive in follow-up of patients with high-grade ECs.
Microphysics of summer clouds in central West Antarctica simulated by the Polar Weather Research and Forecasting Model (WRF) and the Antarctic Mesoscale Prediction System (AMPS)

Abstract. The Atmospheric Radiation Measurement (ARM) West Antarctic Radiation Experiment (AWARE) provided a highly detailed set of remote-sensing and surface observations to study Antarctic clouds and surface energy balance, which have received much less attention than for the Arctic due to greater logistical challenges. Limited prior Antarctic cloud observations have slowed the progress of numerical weather prediction in this region. The AWARE observations from the West Antarctic Ice Sheet (WAIS) Divide during December 2015 and January 2016 are used to evaluate the operational forecasts of the Antarctic Mesoscale Prediction System (AMPS) and new simulations with the Polar Weather Research and Forecasting Model (WRF) 3.9. 1. The Polar WRF 3.9. 1 simulations are conducted with the WRF single-moment 5-class microphysics (WSM5C) used by the AMPS and with newer generation microphysics schemes. The AMPS simulates few liquid clouds during summer at the WAIS Divide, which is inconsistent with observations of frequent low-level liquid clouds. Polar WRF 3.9. 1 simulations show that this result is a consequence of WSM5C. More advanced microphysics schemes simulate more cloud liquid water and produce stronger cloud radiative forcing, resulting in downward longwave and shortwave radiation at the surface more in agreement with observations. Similarly, increased cloud fraction is simulated with the more advanced microphysics schemes. All of the simulations, however, produce smaller net cloud fractions than observed. Ice water paths vary less between the simulations than liquid water paths. The colder and drier atmosphere driven by the Global Forecast System (GFS) initial and boundary conditions for AMPS forecasts produces lesser cloud amounts than the Polar WRF 3.9. 1 simulations driven by ERA-Interim.
Association between Thyroid Autoimmunity and Serum Lipid Levels during Early Pregnancy

Objective: The aim of this study is to find out the prevalence of thyroid autoimmunity during the first trimester of pregnancy and correlated with serum lipid parameters. Â Materials and Methods: This study, conducted on 233 pregnant women of age between 18 and 35 years during the first trimester. Serum thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH), free thyroxine (FT4), thyroperoxidase antibodies (TPO-Ab), total cholesterol and triglycerides were analyzed. The significance of prevalence and relative risk of thyroid autoimmunity was calculated by using medcalc easy to use statistical software bvba, version 16.4. 3, Ostend. A p-value of â‰¤ 0.05 was taken as statistically significant. Â Â Results:Â The overall prevalence of autoimmunity was 12.4% with the mean of 198.2 IU/ml. The prevalence of subclinical hypothyroid was 30.9%; among them, 25% were thyroid autoantibody-positive pregnant women. The relative risk of autoimmunity was 3.66 times more in subclinical hypothyroid than euthyroid. The mean of TPO-Ab positive was significantly more in subclinical hypothyroid than euthyroid pregnant women with P=0.0003. The mean serum TSH values were significantly higher in TPO-Ab positive than TPO-Ab negative women with P=0.01. The prevalence of autoimmunity was more with TSH>2.5 ÂµIU/L and with moderate levels of cholesterol (154 â€“ 263 mg/dl). Conclusion: Subclinical hypothyroid is more prevalent and frequently remains undiagnosed during early pregnancy. The relative risk of thyroid autoimmunity was increased positively with TSH >2.5 ÂµIU/L and with moderate levels of cholesterol. Thus, all the pregnant women must be screened for TPO-Ab titers, TSH, FT4 and total cholesterol during early pregnancy to predict high- risk pregnancy during early gestation.
Synthesis, growth, structural, optical and electrical properties of novel organic single crystal: p-toluidinium salicylate

A novel organic single crystal of p-toluidinium salicylate (PTSA) was grown by slow evaporation solution growth technique. The structure of grown crystal was determined from the single crystal X-ray diffraction analysis. The functional groups existing in PTSA crystal were accomplished by using Fourier transform infrared analysis. The optical transparency and band gap energy were estimated by utilizing the UV-Visible spectrum. Photoluminescence spectral studies revealed the photon excitation. The dielectric behavior of PTSA was investigated for different frequencies in a room temperature (308 K) environment. Third-order nonlinear optical susceptibility (χ3) of PTSA crystal was elucidated by Z-scan measurements.
DETERMINANTS OF ORGANIC FOOD CONSUMPTION IN EGYPT

Purpose: the objective of this paper is to explore consumers' attitudes towards organic food in the capital of Egypt; moreover, there is a need to identify the motivations and barriers towards organic food consumption, as well as the willingness to pay for these products. Methodology: to achieve the purpose of this study, a field research interview approach was selected. Data was collected through a questionnaire that targeted three groups of people in Cairo city: students at the Faculty of Agriculture at Cairo University, staff of the Faculty of Agriculture at Cairo University, and consumers of Carrefour hypermarket. Respondents were asked to fill in the questionnaire during a face-to-face interview. Findings: health concern is the first motivation of organic food consumers in Egypt; moreover, it is the first motivation for which consumers are willing to pay an extra premium for organic food over the price of conventional food. High prices of organic products and distrust of organic products’ genuineness are the major barriers towards organic food consumption. Limitations: future studies in the field of organic food consumption will be more valuable if a broader survey takes place taking into consideration the population from all over the country. More places in Egypt need to be chosen, with other cities and people from all levels included (high class areas, people in popular areas, farmers in rural areas), in order to generalize the results. Originality: this paper is one of few researches focusing on organic food consumption in Egypt. KeywordsOrganic agriculture, Egypt, organic food consumption, willingness to pay.
The Detrimental Effect of Job Protection on Employment: Evidence from France

According to French law, employers have to pay at least six months salary to employees whose seniority exceeds two years in case of unfair dismissal. We show, relying on data, that this regulation entails a hike in severance payments at two-year seniority which induces a significant rise in the job separation rate before the two-year threshold and a drop just after. The layoff costs and its procedural component are evaluated thanks to the estimation of a search and matching model which reproduces the shape of the job separation rate. We find that total layoff costs increase with seniority and are about four times higher than the expected severance payments at two years of seniority. Counterfactual exercises show that the fragility of low-seniority jobs implies that layoff costs reduce the average job duration and increase unemployment for a wide set of empirically relevant parameters.
Physical activity parameters and Body Mass Index among Public Secondary School Teachers, Oyo State. Nigeria

Introduction: Physical inactivity is an important contributor to obesity epidemic. In Nigeria, public secondary school teachers are prone to sedentary lifestyle. This study determined physical activity parameters and Body mass index (BMI) among public secondary school teachers in Ibadan North Local Government Area of Oyo State. It also compared physical activity parameters and BMI between male and female teachers. Materials and methods: This study is a cross sectional survey and 101 (65 females and 36 males) public secondary school teachers participated. Physical activity parameters (number of steps, distance covered and energy expenditure) were assessed using pedometer while the Body Mass Index (BMI) was computed from participant’s height and weight. Data were analyzed using descriptive (percentage, mean, standard deviation) and inferential (Independent ‘t’ test and Pearson product moment correlation coefficient) statistics. Alpha level was set at p<0. 05. Results: Participants mean age, BMI, number of steps and energy expenditure were 43.67±9.49 years, 26.70±5.55 kg/m2, 7429.06±5469.6 steps per day and 185.26± 158.64 kcal/day respectively. There was a negative, non-significant correlation between number of steps and BMI (r = -0.004, p = 0.969), a significant positive correlation between Energy Expenditure and number of steps taken (r = 0.766, p = 0.001) and a positive, non-significant correlation between Energy Expenditure and BMI (r = 0.150, p = 0.135). Females had significantly higher body weight and BMI than male teachers. Conclusions: Body weight and BMI was significantly higher among female than male participants. Men were physically active more than women but not significantly.
Activation of p38/HSP27 pathway counters melatonin-induced inhibitory effect on proliferation of human gastric cancer cells

Overexpression of heat shock protein 27(HSP27) in gastric cancer is correlated with poor clinical prognosis. Melatonin, an endogenous hormone, shows promise in gastric cancer therapy. However, there is limited study on the biological activity of HSP27 in response to melatonin treatment. In this study, we show an anti-proliferative action of melatonin on human gastric cancer cell lines BGC-823 and MGC-803. Biochemically, the inhibitory effect of melatonin is accompanied by the upregulation of HSP27 phosphorylation level. Transfection of gastric cancer cells with HSP27-specific siRNA effectively reduces HSP27 phosphorylation and potentiated melatonin-induced inhibitory effect on cell proliferation. The reduction of cyclin D1 in melatonin-treated cells is also aggravated by HSP27 depletion. Moreover, melatonin stimulation increases p38 phosphorylation. Pretreatment with p38 inhibitor SB203580 not only remarkably suppresses melatonin-induced HSP27 phosphorylation, but also augment the inhibitory effect of melatonin on cyclin D1 expression as well as cell proliferation. Taken together, our study indicates the protective pathway of p38/HSP27 against melatonin-induced inhibitory effect on gastric cancer cell proliferation, suggesting that combined with p38/HSP27 pathway inhibitor, the therapeutic efficacy of melatonin on gastric cancer may be improved.
Establishing a Management Infrastructure to Facilitate Process Improvement at an Organisational Level

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Explaining Divergent Levels of Longevity in High-Income Countries

During the last 25 years, life expectancy at age 50 in the United States has been rising, but at a slower pace than in many other high-income countries, such as Japan and Australia. This difference is particularly notable given that the United States spends more on health care than any other nation. Concerned about this divergence, the National Institute on Aging asked the National Research Council to examine evidence on its possible causes. According to Explaining Divergent Levels of Longevity in High-Income Countries, the nation's history of heavy smoking is a major reason why lifespans in the United States fall short of those in many other high-income nations. Evidence suggests that current obesity levels play a substantial part as well. The book reports that lack of universal access to health care in the U.S. also has increased mortality and reduced life expectancy, though this is a less significant factor for those over age 65 because of Medicare access. For the main causes of death at older ages -- cancer and cardiovascular disease -- available indicators do not suggest that the U.S. health care system is failing to prevent deaths that would be averted elsewhere. In fact, cancer detection and survival appear to be better in the U.S. than in most other high-income nations, and survival rates following a heart attack also are favorable. Explaining Divergent Levels of Longevity in High-Income Countries identifies many gaps in research. For instance, while lung cancer deaths are a reliable marker of the damage from smoking, no clear-cut marker exists for obesity, physical inactivity, social integration, or other risks considered in this book. Moreover, evaluation of these risk factors is based on observational studies, which -- unlike randomized controlled trials -- are subject to many biases.