Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Relation between creeping waves and normal modes of vibration of a curved body

The natural way for a disturbance to propagate over the surface of a smoothly curved, fluid‐loaded elastic body is in the form of a series of damped circumferential (creeping) waves. Mathematically, the process is most conveniently described by a sum of normal modes, each characterized by a wavelength that fits the body’s circumference an integer number of times. We demonstrate that any given mode will resonate at a multiplicity of ’’eigenfrequencies,’’ determined by the speed of any one of the creeping waves matching the mode velocity. For an elastic cylinder, the 180° sound‐scattering amplitude is seen to possess marked minima at many of the eigenfrequencies, which are shown to be generated successively by a single circumferential wave, and whose spacing in this sequence determines the group velocities of circumferential pulsed signals.
NEUTRON REFLECTION FROM WET INTERFACES

Neutron reflection is one of the few newly developed techniques capable of probing structure at wet surfaces, i.e. air/liquid, solid/liquid and liquid/liquid interfaces. Although neutron scattering is not intrinsically sensitive to surfaces, the grazing incidence geometry of neutron reflection and the possibility of varying neutron refractive indices by isotopic substitution, particularly H/D substitution, make reflection extremely sensitive to selected parts of many interfacial layers. The technique is able to probe the average structure along the surface normal in a number of situations where the layer is too disordered or complex to be investigated by other methods. The application of neutron reflection to small molecules, surfactants, polymers and polymer–surfactant mixtures at the air/water interface, and examples of the behaviour of surfactants, proteins and polymers at the buried solid/liquid interface are described. Where appropriate the scope of neutron reflection relative to other new techniques is assessed.
BiOCl/BiVO4 p–n Heterojunction with Enhanced Photocatalytic Activity under Visible-Light Irradiation

A novel visible-light-active BiOCl/BiVO4 photocatalyst with a p–n heterojunction structure was prepared using a hydrothermal method. The photocatalytic activity of the heterojunction was investigated by monitoring the change in methyl orange (MO) concentration under visible-light irradiation. The results reveal that the composite exhibited markedly improved efficiency for MO photodegradation in comparison with pure BiVO4, BiOCl, and Degussa P25. This is ascribed to the B-type heterojunction structure with a strong oxidative ability and efficient charge separation and transfer across the BiOCl/BiVO4 p–n junction. The highest activity was obtained in the BiOCl/BiVO4 heterojunction using a composite of 13 mol % BiOCl and 87 mol % BiVO4. The removal of MO was mainly initiated by valence-band holes, but dissolved oxygen also played a crucial role in consuming the conduction-band electrons. This was verified by the effects of scavengers and N2 purging.
Synthesis of Novel Heterocyclic 4-Thiazolidinone Derivatives and their Antibacterial Activity

4-Thiazolidinones have been prepared by the reaction of various substituted Schiff bases 3 with Thioglycolic acid and Thiolactic acid. The intermediate Schiff bases 3 were synthesized by the condensation of various substituted 2-amino benzothiazole 1 with 1-(4'-methyl Phenyl)-3-methyl-5-pyrazolone 2. The starting compound substituted 2-amino benzothiazoles were prepared from various substituted amines via substituted phenyl thiourea. The structures of the compounds have been confirmed by elemental analysis and spectral analysis. The antibacterial activity of the compounds has also been screened against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli.
Review on decolorisation of aqueous dye solutions by low cost adsorbents

Textile wastewater presents a challenge to conventional physico-chemical and biological treatment methods. Liquid-phase adsorption has been shown to be highly efficient for the removal of dyes and other organic matters from process or waste effluent. Many different types of adsorbent are used to remove colour from wastewater among which the most widely used material is activated carbon. Since activated carbon is expensive and necessitates regeneration, attempts have been made to substitute alternatives that are biodegradable, low cost and/or waste materials. This article presents the investigations carried out by numerous researchers on the use of different kinds of adsorbents and their adsorption capacities for the removal of specific dyes from textile wastewater.
Evaluation of Venison Color by an Objective Method using CIELAB Values

A trained color panel was used to score both venison color and color acceptability for comparison with instrumental color measurements. Panel color scores were highly correlated with acceptability (r = 0.97) and could be predicted from CIE L*, a* and b* values by regression (R2 (adj) = 0.84). The use of a* alone explained the greatest amount of variation R2 (adj) = 0.78), and the inclusion of both L* and b* significantly improved the model. The use of hue angle and chroma either individually or in combination with L* did not provide better relationships. The use of L*, a* and b* is recommended for satisfactory prediction of panel color scores of venison with no less than three observations per sample.
Reoxidation of Biogenic Reduced Uranium: A Challenge Toward Bioremediation

Uraninite (UO2) is the most desirable end product of in situ bioreduction because of its low solubility under reducing conditions. For effective long-term immobilization of uranium (U), there should be no biotic or abiotic reoxidation of the insoluble biogenic U(IV). It is therefore critical to understand the long-term stability of U(IV) under oxic- and nutrient-limited conditions at U-contaminated subsurface sites. It has now been established that following in situ bioremediation of U(VI) via nutrient addition in the subsurface, a range of physical, chemical, and biological factors control the rate and extent of long-term stability of U(IV). Some of these factors are tied to site specific conditions including existence of oxidants such as Fe(III)(hydr)oxides, Mn(IV) oxides, oxygen, and nitrate; the presence of organic carbon and the reduced forms of U (e.g., mononuclear U(IV) or nanometer-sized uraninite particles); and the carbonate concentration and pH of groundwater. This review analyzes the contribution of these factors in controlling U(IV)-reoxidation, and highlights the competition among U(IV) and other electron acceptors and possible mechanisms of reoxidation of various forms of U(IV).
Modelling the flow within forests: the canopy-related terms in the Reynolds-averaged formulation

Abstract The canopy-related terms in the transport equations for momentum, Reynolds stresses, turbulent kinetic energy and its dissipation rate were described by a perturbative expansion around a velocity scale based on the mean total kinetic energy. The quality of the series and the relative magnitude of the first orders were analysed through comparison with the results of large-eddy simulation of three canopy flows representative of real-life applications. The flows in question were those over a horizontally homogeneous forest, a sequence of forest stands and clearings, and a forested hill. The analysis gave both the highest order required for an accurate evaluation of the canopy effects and a mathematical formulation for the canopy-related terms in a Reynolds-averaged Navier–Stokes formulation. This offers a sounder basis and assured consistency for the turbulence modelling of canopy flows between Reynolds-averaged Navier–Stokes and large-eddy simulation frameworks.
Setting up and operating a cryo-EM laboratory

Abstract Cryo-electron microscopy (cryo-EM) has become the technique of choice for structural biology of macromolecular assemblies, after the ‘resolution revolution’ that has occurred in this field since 2012. With a suitable instrument, an appropriate electron detector and, last but not least, a cooperative sample it is now possible to collect images from which macromolecular structures can be determined to better than 2 Å resolution, where reliable atomic models can be built. By electron tomography and sub-tomogram averaging of cryo-samples, it is also possible to reconstruct subcellular structures to sub-nanometre resolution. This review describes the infrastructure that is needed to achieve this goal. Ideally, a cryo-EM lab will have a dedicated 300 kV electron microscope for data recording and a 200 kV instrument for screening cryo-samples, both with direct electron detectors, and at least one 120 kV EM for negative-stain screening at room temperature. Added to this should be ancillary equipment for specimen preparation, including a light microscope, carbon coater, plasma cleaner, glow discharge unit, a device for fast, robotic sample freezing, liquid nitrogen storage Dewars and a ready supply of clean liquid nitrogen. In practice, of course, the available budget will determine the number and types of microscopes and how elaborate the lab can be. The cryo-EM lab should be designed with adequate space for the electron microscopes and ancillary equipment, and should allow for sufficient storage space. Each electron microscope room should be connected to the image-processing computers by fibre-optic cables for the rapid transfer of large datasets. The cryo-EM lab should be overseen by a facility manager whose responsibilities include the day-to-day tasks to ensure that all microscopes are operating perfectly, organising service and repairs to minimise downtime, and controlling the budget. Large facilities will require additional support staff who help to oversee the operation of the facility and instruct new users.
Draft Genome Sequences of Four Commensal Strains of Staphylococcus and Pseudomonas Isolated from Healthy Human Skin

Staphylococcus spp. and Pseudomonas spp. are widely distributed bacteria in the environment and are found in association with animals and humans. Here, we present the draft genome sequence data of the healthy human skin commensal strains Staphylococcus aureus MFP03, Staphylococcus epidermidis MFP04, Staphylococcus capitis MFP08, and Pseudomonas fluorescens MFP05. ABSTRACT Staphylococcus spp. and Pseudomonas spp. are widely distributed bacteria in the environment and are found in association with animals and humans. Here, we present the draft genome sequence data of the healthy human skin commensal strains Staphylococcus aureus MFP03, Staphylococcus epidermidis MFP04, Staphylococcus capitis MFP08, and Pseudomonas fluorescens MFP05.
Struvite Precipitation in the Sludge Stream at Slough Wastewater Treatment Plant and Opportunities for Phosphorus Recovery

Struvite precipitation has been a problem at Slough wastewater treatment works for a number of years. The plant has recently been extended with a 3-stage Bardenpho plant which has reduced the phosphorus concentration in the effluent and led to an increase in struvite precipitation in the digested sludge pipelines. These problems have been overcome in the short term by dissolving the struvite in 10% sulphuric acid. It is hoped to provide longer term protection against struvite precipitation by installing magnetic water softening devices at key locations. This form of protection is already providing some benefit at one point on the site. The phosphorus concentration and loads at a number of points on the site have been investigated. By combining two streams, the centrate from the sludge dewatering plant and the liquor from thickening the waste activated sludge, a relatively clean stream containing 160 mgl−1 of soluble phosphate, a load of 136 kgd−1 can be produced. In order to make best use of this stream i.
Between a hydrogen and a covalent bond

The bonds in aqueous FHF− are neither simple hydrogen nor covalent bonds The concept of a molecule as a unit of bound atoms can be traced to Robert Boyle's 1661 treatise “The Sceptical Chymist” (1). Chemists often depict the strong covalent bonds in molecules formed through electronic interactions of atoms by sticks or springs. By contrast, much weaker attractive forces between molecules in liquids and solids, such as van der Waals forces, are typically unspecific and nondirectional and cannot be represented by sticks or springs. An exception is the hydrogen bond (H-bond) (2), which can create relatively strong directional interactions between molecules when the atoms that carry opposite partial charges attract each other. Discrimination between very strong H-bonds and covalent bonds can become somewhat arbitrary. On page 160 of this issue, Dereka et al. (3) study what happens if the strength of an intramolecular hydrogen bond becomes comparable to the strength of the intermolecular covalent bonds, blurring the concept of what a “molecule” is.
Solubility of ZnO and hydrolysis of ZnCl2 in KCl melts

An oxide-ion specific electrode has been used to measure the solubility of ZnO in KCl by potentiometric titration of ZnCl2 in KCl with oxide. The solubility product of ZnO was found to be 2.3 × 10–8 mol2 kg–2 at 1073 K. On the addition of ZnCl2 to oxide ion solutions a zincate species was formed, ZnO2–2, with a formation constant of 3 × 10–12 mol3 kg–3. Attempts to isolate K2ZnO2 have been unsuccessful.The effect of HCl on dissolved oxide ion in ZnCl2(33.3 mol.%)–KCl has been studied over the temperature range 733–873 K. Treatment of this salt with HCl yields an oxide concentration of ca. 10–10 mol. kg–1, but this rapidly increases to ca. 10–3 mol kg–1 when the salt is held under argon, through reaction with trace amounts of water in the gas.The equilibrium reaction: H2O(g)+ 2Cl–⇌ 2HCl(g)+ O2– has been studied and the equilibrium constant is given by: log K= 2.514 – 8163/T
Biomanufacturing of Gene Therapy Vectors

Cristina Peixoto Otto-Wilhelm Merten The progress from clinical development toward product licensure of several programs presents challengesmainly to gene therapy product manufacturing. These include challenges in viral vector-manufacturing capacity but also in process variability, difficulty characterizing complex materials, and lack of knowledge of critical process parameters and their effect on critical quality attributes of the viral vector products. In the viral vector production, scale-up is a critical task due to the limited scalability of traditional laboratory systems and the demand for high volumes of viral vector manufactured following current goodmanufacturing practice. Furthermore, the expanding potential commercial product pipeline in the last years and the continuously advancing development of viral vectors for gene therapy require that products are well characterized and consistently manufactured to rigorous tolerances of purity, potency, and safety. Finally, there is an increase in regulatory scrutiny that involves also the academic researchers and manufacturers of investigational drugs for early-phase clinical trials engaged in industry collaborations. This trend has led to a greater demand for both pre-clinical and clinical-grade viral vector-manufacturing capacity to support the increasing number of gene therapy clinical development programs. As these programs advance toward licensure, more rigorous product characterization using improved analytical methods and progressively higher regulatory compliance will be expected. The solution to increasing viral vector capacity involves both scientific and technical issues. The manufacturing should be robust, scalable, and more automated to fit GMP solutions for both small-scale and large-scale production. In clinical manufacturing, procedures must produce consistent results with a minimum lot to lot variability. For example, variability in transfection efficiency and the lack of scalability and consistency is therefore problematic and requires rigorous control. Ferreira et al.[1] review recent progress in stable cell line development to overcome this challenge in the manufacturing of lentiviral vectors (LV). Similar developments are performed for the production of AAV vectors (development of stable virus-free inducible AAV producer cell lines based on CAP cells[2] and in the future in the context of the baculovirus/insect cell system. [3] Alternatively, Lesch et al.[4] evaluate the use of single-use fixed-bed bioreactors for large-scale
Data Transcription for India's Supreme Court Documents Using Deep Learning Algorithms

The Indian legal system is one of the largest judiciary systems in the world and handles a huge number of legal cases which is increasing rapidly day by day. The computerized documentation of Indian law is highly voluminous and complex forms. This article proposes a model using deep learning techniques to split the judgment text into the issue, facts, arguments, reasoning, and decision. To evaluate the proposed model, the authors conducted experiments that revealed that the convolutional neural network and long short-term memory transcription technique could achieve better accuracy and obtain superior transcription performance. Comparison results indicate that the proposed algorithm gives the highest classification accuracy rate of 95.6%. The adaptation of splitting the judgment text into the issue, facts, arguments, reasoning, and decision helps to find specific portions of the judgment within a second, making the job of analyzing the case more effective, efficient, and faster.
A Revisit of Orbital Angular Momentum Multiplexing in Multipath Environment

— It is commonly believed that orbital angular momentum (OAM) multiplexing is only suitable for short-range communications in line-of-sight (LoS) scenario and multipath propagation would be detrimental for OAM communications. It has been demonstrated very recently that OAM multiplexing could work in rich isotropic multipath environment when the conventional spatial equalization is used for data detection. Moreover, the resulting channel capacity is comparable to that of a conventional multiple-input multiple-output system. Nevertheless, the rich isotropic multipath environment is an ideal multipath scenario. In this paper, we investigate the performance of OAM multiplexing in arbitrary multipath environment. Contrary to the common belief, it is shown that multipath can be beneﬁcial for OAM multiplexing in terms of channel capacity. Particularly, the OAM capacity increases with enlarged angular spread of the channel and reaches its maximum when the angular spread is comparable to the divergence angle of the OAM beam. Based on the study, the OAM multiplexing is further investigated for base station (BS) applications. It is shown that OAM based BS antennas are comparable to (or even outperform) the conventional BS antennas in terms of channel capacity.
Factors Influencing the Adoption Intention of Artificial Intelligence for Public Engagement in Singapore

This study aims at examining the key factors influencing the adoption intention of artificial intelligence (AI)-enabled mobile application for public engagement. Digital technologies such as AI provide the opportunity for public agencies to be inclusive and invite citizens to participate in shaping and reshaping the future of public policies and methods of governance. The authors test the proposed research model and results highlight the significant roles of collaboration, hedonic motivation, reliability, and degree of app savviness in the adoption intention of AI application for public engagement. The article reports valuable insights and relevant implications for public agencies, service providers and researchers.
Semiorthogonal User Scheduling for Millimeter Wave Using Low-Resolution ADCs

—Low-resolution Analogue-to-Digital Converters (ADCs) is a promising solution to reduce power consumption for millimeter wave (mmWave) systems in which the number of antennas at base stations is very large. In this paper, we develop downlink user scheduling for mmWave systems using lowresolution ADCs. Although the sum-rate of Maximum Rate algorithm is very impressive in mmWave systems, it is difficult to use in practice, especially for a large number of users due to exhaustive search. Therefore, we proposed a novel scheduling, termed as NOUS, which selects users who are semi-orthogonal to each other in the beamspace. A closed-form expression for the scheduling criteria in the downlink channel over a mmWave system with low-resolution ADCs and Zero-forcing precoder is derived. The numerical results show that the NOUS algorithm almost achieves the performance of Maximum Rate with lower complexity and outperforms the performance of Proportional Fair in terms of the sum rate.
An Updated Framework of Factors Enabling Digital Transformation

Abstract Background: There is increasing pressure on organizations to undergo digital transformation. The literature provides substantial but unconsolidated knowledge of relevant factors that enable organizations to fully utilize the potential of digital technology transformations. This work revises, expands, and updates a previously published framework of factors that enable digital organizational transformation structured along traditional strategic, tactical, operational, and normative management perspectives. Method: Following a design science approach, this paper developed a framework in two steps. The starting point was an initial iteration of the framework developed from a structured literature review; that version of the framework was evaluated based on the results of qualitative interviews that were conducted with experts. A revised framework was generated to take advantage of a more recent literature review; the input of focus groups and qualitative interviews; and a second full design cycle was executed. The revised framework is presented in this paper. Results: The revised framework structures nine relevant factors along the traditional management perspectives of strategic, tactical, operational, and normative management, and it integrates feedback from the scientific community and experts from practice. Conclusions: The developed framework enables a structured overview of factors relevant for commencing digital transformation initiatives. This clear structure, as well as its close links to traditional operational, tactical, strategic, and normative aspects of management, can support practitioners in preparing their organizations for digital transformation. Recommended Citation Rueckel, David; Mühlburger, Manuel; and Koch, Stefan (2020) "An Updated Framework of Factors Enabling Digital Transformation," Pacific Asia Journal of the Association for Information Systems: Vol. 12: Iss. 4, Article 1. DOI: 10.17705/1pais.12401 Available at: https://aisel.aisnet. org/pajais/vol12/iss4/1 DOI
Graded channel architecture: the solution for misaligned DG FD SOI n-MOSFETs

A double-gate (DG) metal-oxide semiconductor field-effect transistor (MOSFET) is the leading contender for a deep submicron MOSFET to reduce gate oxide tunneling. One major issue of concern in a DG-MOSFET is the alignment between the top and bottom gates that influences the device performance, especially in a subthreshold regime. Use of graded channel (high–low, low–high and low–high–low doping) architecture somehow reduces this gate misalignment effect and hence has been analyzed in the present paper through intensive simulation and analytical analysis. The model uses the conformal mapping transformation approach to include the fringing field effect that arises at the bottom gate electrode in the ungated region and is used to predict the surface potential, electric field, threshold voltage, sub-threshold slope and drain-induced barrier lowering effects. The results so obtained have been verified with 3D numerical simulation using an ATLAS 3D device simulator.