Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Effect of Chromium(VI) on Serum Iron and Removal of its Toxicity by Combining Deferasirox and Deferiprone Chelators in Rats

The present research is aimed to characterize the potential efficiency of two chelators after chromium(VI) administration for 60 days following two doses of 15 and 30 mg kg-1 chromium(VI) per body weight daily to male rats. However, the hypothesis that the two chelators might be more efficient as combined therapy than as single therapy in removing chromium(VI) from bood serum was considered. In this way, two known chelators deferasirox and deferiprone were chosen and tested in the acute rat model. Two chelators were given orally as a single or combined therapy for a period of one week. Chromium(VI) and iron concentrations in blood were determined by flame atomic absorption spectroscopy method. Chromium is one of the most widely used industrial metals. Several million workers worldwide are estimated to be exposed to chromium compounds in an array of industries. Chromium(VI) is more readily absorbed by both inhalation and oral routes. Ingestion of large amounts of chromium(VI) can lead to severe respiratory, cardiovascular, gastrointestinal, hepatic and renal damage and potentially death. The combined chelation therapy results show that deferasirox and deferiprone are able to remove chromium(VI) ions from bood while iron concentration returned to the normal level and symptoms are also decreased.
Risk perception in nursing students

The objective of this study is to analyze the scientific production that exists about the relationship between the risk perception and the accidents during the clinical practice in nursing students. A systematic search was carried out in the data bases MEDLINE and CUIDEN, and also in the documentary heritage of the National Institute of Safety and Hygiene at Work, gathering publications from 1992 to 2010. A total of 89 articles were analyzed. Among the resulting thematic fields are: work setting, step measurements, psychosocial factors. As a conclusion, a lack of studies which prove in an explicit way the role that the real risk perception that the nursing students are exposed to exists. So, the necessity to go on in this line is set out, in order to improve the safety of nursing students.
Problem solving and seeking assistance in the domestic dog (Canis familiaris)

When investigating how the domestic dog (Canis familiaris) solves a physical problem we get an insight into the importance of human directed inter-species social behaviors. The aim for this project was to investigate the probability of dogs to “ask for help” from their owner in comparison to an unknown person when faced with an unsolvable problem. It was hypothesized that the dog would ask for help from their owner regardless of age, sex or breedA total of 50 pet dogs participated in the experiment, 29 males and 21 females from a total of 28 breeds. The dogs were divided into two age groups ( Nadolescent=14, Nadult=34). When comparing age group differences results showed that adult dogs looked significantly more and longer at the owner than adolescent dogs. Comparison of breed categories showed that companion dogs gazed more at the test leader than other breeds, although no significance was detected. This contradicts the hypothesis and could be due to the high social qualities the breed category of companion dogs hold. Only a tendency was detected when comparing the sexes. There were no significant differences between gazing at the test leader and the owner when comparing all the dogs with each other, regardless of age, breed or sex. It was concluded that most differences was due to individual variation. For future studies it would be favorable to have fewer breeds to compare and a larger sample of dogs to work with in order to get results not solely depending on high variance.
A worldwide review of purse seine fisheries on FADs

This paper develops a comparative overview of the development of Fish Aggregating Devices (or fads) by the tropical purse seine fisheries in various ocean areas (Atlantic, Indian, Western and Eastern Pacific Oceans). First, a comparative review of fishery statistics is developed. Recent catches on fads by purse seiners can be estimated at a level of one million tons yearly. This comparison allows to describe the fishing zones and catch trends over time, the species composition and size taken in the various fad fisheries. Skipjack tuna is the dominant species in most fad fisheries, but significant amounts of yellowfin and bigeye are also frequently taken under fads. The paper also presents an overview of various observer data concerning the by-catches of the various fisheries using fads. This comparison allows to estimate the total worldwide yearly by-catches at about 100,000 t, and their species composition in each ocean. The fad technology used in the various oceans by purse seiners is described. The recent use of fads by purse seiners has introduced major uncertainties in most stock assessments, because analyses are hampered by changes in the fishing effort in a fad fishery, by changes in fishing zones and in sizes caught. As a last point, the management of fads presently done or in view by the various tuna bodies are introduced. It appears that the present massive use of fads worldwide is perhaps an unsafe fishing mode, which could produce serious overfishing of many stocks. There is then a consensus that the use of fads needs to be controlled and limited to sustainable biological levels.
Theravada Buddhism Beliefs' Motives for Thai Luxury Fashion Consumption

This paper reviews the Thai national character according to Hofstede’s cultural dimension theory and Komin’s nine values cluster (Psychology of the Thai people), analyses the social hierarchy of Thai consumers according to the Luxury 4P Taxonomy (Han et al., 2010), integrates the Theory of Cultural Capital (Bourdieu, 1984), and expounds the features of social class. The global luxury fashion industry has grown significantly in recent years, but much of the research has been limited to conspicuous consumption and social identity. This paper involves religious beliefs that are argued to influence luxury purchasing motives. The purpose of the paper is to develop an analytical framework to aid in understanding luxury fashion consumption in a Buddhist country such as Thailand in order to inform luxury products vendors on how to improve their marketing strategies.
PerformanceEvaluation of I/O Traffic and Placementof I/O Nodeson a High PerformanceNetwork

A commontrendin the designof large-scaleclusters is to usea highperformancedatanetworkto integratetheprocessingnodesin a singleparallel computer . In thesesystemsthe performanceof the interconnectcan bea limiting factor for theinput/output(I/O), which is traditionally bottlenecked by the disk bandwidth. In this paperwe presentan experimental analysison a 64-nodeAlphaServerclusterbasedon theQuadricsnetwork (QsNET)of the behaviorof the interconnectunderI/O traffic, and the influenceof theplacementof theI/O servers on theoverall performance. The effectsof usingdedicatedI/O nodesor overlappingI/O and computation on the I/O nodesare also analyzed. In addition, we evaluatehow backgroundI/O traffic interfereswith other parallel applicationsrunning concurrently. Our experimentalresultsshowthat a correct placementof the I/O servers canprovideupto20%increasein theavailableI/O bandwidth. Moreover, someimportantguidelinesfor applicationsandI/O servers mappingon large-scaleclusters aregiven.
Interaction of Sulphur and Carbon Cycles in Microbial

Cyanobacterial mats are organosedimentary structures composed primarily of benthic cyanobacteria together with diverse communities of microorganisms which trap, bind and precipitate sediment particles. Often cyanobacterial mats produce laminated sediments-biogenic stromatolites due to seasonal changes in the environment of deposition. Cyanobacterial mats may serve as an ideal model for the study of basic mechanisms of the microbial sulphur cycle and the evolution of the sulphur cycle for several reasons:
Neoliberal Urbanization in Europe: Large–Scale Urban Development Projects and the New Urban Policy

This paper summarizes the theoretical insights drawn from a study of thirteen large–scale urban development projects (UDPs) in twelve European Union countries. The project focused on the way in which globalization and liberalization articulate with the emergence of new forms of governance, on the formation of a new scalar gestalt of governing and on the relationship between large–scale urban development and political, social and economic power relations in the city. Among the most important conclusions, we found that: •Large–scale UDPs have increasingly been used as a vehicle to establish exceptionality measures in planning and policy procedures. This is part of a neoliberal “New Urban Policy” approach and its selective “middle — and upper–class” democracy. It is associated with new forms of “governing” urban interventions, characterized by less democratic and more elite–driven priorities. •Local democratic participation mechanisms are not respected or are applied in a very “formalist” way, resulting in a new choreography of elite power. However, grassroots movements occasionally manage to turn the course of events in favor of local participation and of modest social returns for deprived social groups. •The UDPs are poorly integrated at best into the wider urban process and planning system. As a consequence, their impact on a city as a whole and on the areas where the projects are located remains ambiguous. •Most UDPs accentuate socioeconomic polarization through the working of real–estate markets (price rises and displacement of social or low–income housing), changes in the priorities of public budgets that are increasingly redirected from social objectives to investments in the built environment and the restructuring of the labor market. •The UDPs reflect and embody a series of processes that are associated with changing spatial scales of governance; these changes, in turn, reflect a shifting geometry of power in the governing of urbanization.
Breathers in nonlinear lattices: numerical calculation from the anticontinuous limit

Breather solutions are time-periodic and space-localized solutions of nonlinear dynamical systems. We show that the concept of anticontinuous limit, which was used before for proving an existence theorem on breathers and multibreather solutions in arrays of coupled nonlinear oscillators, can be used constructively as a high-precision numerical method for finding these solutions. The method is based on the continuation of breather solutions which trivially exist at the anticontinuous limit. It is quite universal and applicable to a wide class of nonlinear models which can be of arbitrary dimension, periodic or random, with or without a driving force plus damping, etc. The main advantage of our method compared with other available methods is that we can distinguish unambiguously the different breather (or multibreather) solutions by their coding sequence. Another advantage is that we can obtain the corresponding solutions whether they are linearly stable or not. These solutions can be calculated in their full domain of existence. We illustrate the techniques with examples of breather calculations in several models. We mostly consider arrays of coupled anharmonic oscillators in one dimension, but we also test the method in two dimensions. Our method allows us to show that the breather solution can be continued while its frequency enters the phonon band (it then superposes to a band edge phonon with a finite amplitude). We also test that our method works when introducing an extra time-periodic driving force plus damping. Our method is applied for the calculation of breathers in so-called Fermi - Pasta - Ulam (FPU) chains, that is, one-dimensional chains of atoms with anharmonic nearest-neighbour coupling without on-site potential. The breather and multibreather solutions are then obtained by continuation from the anticontinuous limit of an extended model containing an extra parameter. Finally, we show that we can also calculate `rotobreathers' in arrays of coupled rotators, which correspond to solutions with one or several rotators rotating while the remaining rotators are only oscillating. The linear stability analysis of the obtained time periodic solutions (Floquet analysis) of all these models will be done in a forthcoming paper.
Dynamics and wetting behavior of soft particles at a fluid-fluid interface

We investigate the conformation, position, and dynamics of core-shell nanoparticles (CSNPs) composed of a silica core encapsulated in a cross-linked poly-N-isopropylacrylamide shell at a water-oil interface for a systematic range of core sizes and shell thicknesses. We first present a free-energy model that we use to predict the CSNP wetting behavior at the interface as a function of its geometrical and compositional properties in the bulk phases, which gives good agreement with our experimental data. Remarkably, upon knowledge of the polymer shell deformability, the equilibrium particle position relative to the interface plane, an often elusive experimental quantity, can be extracted by measuring its radial dimensions after adsorption. For all the systems studied here, the interfacial dimensions are always larger than in bulk and the particle core resides in a configuration wherein it just touches the interface or is fully immersed in water. Moreover, the stretched shell induces a larger viscous drag at the interface, which appears to depend solely on the interfacial dimensions, irrespective of the portion of the CSNP surface exposed to the two fluids. Our findings indicate that tailoring the architecture of CSNPs can be used to control their properties at the interface, as of interest for applications including emulsion stabilization and nanopatterning.
Sensitivity of the radiative forcing by stratospheric sulfur geoengineering to the amount and strategy of the SO 2 injection studied with the LMDZ-S3A model

Abstract. The enhancement of the stratospheric sulfate aerosol layer has been proposed as a method of geoengineering to abate global warming. Previous modelling studies found that stratospheric aerosol geoengineering (SAG) could effectively compensate for the warming by greenhouse gases on the global scale, but also that the achievable cooling effect per sulfur mass unit, i.e. the forcing efficiency, decreases with increasing injection rate. In this study we use the atmospheric general circulation model LMDZ with the sectional aerosol module S3A to determine how the forcing efficiency depends on the injected amount of SO2 , the injection height, and the spatio-temporal pattern of injection. We find that the forcing efficiency may decrease more drastically for larger SO2 injections than previously estimated. As a result, the net instantaneous radiative forcing does not exceed the limit of –2 W m−2 for continuous equatorial SO2 injections and it decreases (in absolute value) for injection rates larger than 20 Tg S yr−1 . In contrast to other studies, the net radiative forcing in our experiments is fairly constant with injection height (in a range 17 to 23 km ) for a given amount of SO2 injected. Also, spreading the SO2 injections between 30 ∘ S and 30 ∘ N or injecting only seasonally from varying latitudes does not result in a significantly larger (i.e. more negative) radiative forcing. Other key characteristics of our simulations include a consequent stratospheric heating, caused by the absorption of solar and infrared radiation by the aerosol, and changes in stratospheric dynamics, with a collapse of the quasi-biennial oscillation at larger injection rates, which has impacts on the resulting spatial aerosol distribution, size, and optical properties. But it has to be noted that the complexity and uncertainty of stratospheric processes cause considerable disagreement among different modelling studies of stratospheric aerosol geoengineering. This may be addressed through detailed model intercomparison activities, as observations to constrain the simulations of stratospheric aerosol geoengineering are not available and analogues (such as volcanic eruptions) are imperfect.
Capability-Deprivation as Determinant of Underweight in Children: Perspectives from an Indian Case-Study

The Capability Approach argues individual advantage should be evaluated in the space of freedom of choice, that is in the space of capability. Yet, empirical applications are hampered by the lack of appropriate data and indicators. This paper aims at providing a reliable and valid indicator measuring deprivation of capability as lack of relative autonomy. Furthermore, it explores its usefulness through an ad hoc case study. Thus, it analyzes the role of women's relative autonomy for the underweight of infants and young children in a rural patriarchal community of India. Inspired by the extended model of care presented in Engle, Menon and Haddad (1999), we estimate regression coefficients in the model by Ordinary Least Square on a probabilistic random sample purposely collected. Results point out autonomy in mobility in a patriarchal society is negatively associated with the nutritional status of children. The norm-based economic framework suggests focusing on ‘external capabilities’ at the community level for policy interventions aimed at increasing freedom of choice of present and future generations.
Under-reporting of Income and Labor Market Performance

To examine the effects on labor market performance of government tax and enforcement policies, this paper develops an equilibrium model featuring tax evasion, matching frictions, and worker-firm wage bargains. In the wage bargains, workers and firms can agree on the amount of remuneration that should not be reported to the tax authorities. We find that increased taxation actually reduces unemployment, whereas more zealous enforcement has the opposite effect.
A Mixed-Method Design for Practical Purposes

This paper presents a mixed-method evaluation design which utilizes concept mapping along with questionnaire and interviews. Recent developments in mixed-method evaluation have helped identify five purposes which mixed-method evaluation designs tend to serve. These are triangulation, complementarity, development, initiation, and expansion. The present paper discusses how the inclusion of concept mapping in designing and implementing an evaluation project can effectively strengthen the findings in line with each of these purposes. The design is presented with the help of three illustrative examples of evaluation and planning studies. A critical analysis of the purposes served by each of the components in these studies is presented within the framework of mixed-method design. This includes discussions on the characteristics of the methods, the importance of the sequence in which they are employed, and the variation in characteristics of how the methods are juxtaposed for each study. Three tables and four figures are included. (Contains 12 references.) (Author) *********************************************************************** Reproductions supplied by EDRS are the best that can be made from the original document. *********************************************************************** U S DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION Other of Educational Researcn ano . rrtpruvernenl E DUCATIONAL RE SOURCES INFORMATION CENTER (ERICA 4 document nas been rewoOurea as .ecee, eel from the prise, Org3n,ZabO,, oog.nalsng C Minor changes nave been mane to .mprove rP,oduChon quality Po.nt^ of v.ea o oomtons staled. ins oa.0 meet do not necessardv represent oft,at OEM pos,Ion or policy "PERMISSION TO REPRODUCE THIS MATERIAL HAS BEEN GRANTED BY TO THE EDUCATIC NAL RESOURCES INFORMATION Cr.,4TER (ERIC). " A Mixed-Method Design for Practical Purposes Combination of Concept Mapping, Questionnaire and Interviews Saumitra SenGupta Department of Human Service Studies N132 MVR Cornell University Ithaca, NY 14853 Paper presented at the Annual Conference of the American Evaluation Association, Dallas, November 3-6, 1993
Molecular characterisaton of T cell co-receptors CD3, CD8 and CD4 in Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar)

The commercial importance of Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) in aquaculture has fuelled much research into fish health since outbreaks of infectious disease cause major financial losses. All aspects of immunology are therefore currently of great interest. The aim of this study was to extend the characterisation of T cell markers to enable antibody production and design of expression assays, to study the immune system and immune responses of salmon. Therefore, the genes and cDNAs for the T cell coreceptors CD3, CD8 and CD4 were cloned using a combination of synteny analysis and homology cloning. CD3 in Atlantic salmon consists of three different molecules; a γδ chain, the forerunner of separate γ and δ chains in mammals, an e chain and a ζ chain (mammals also have an η chain, which is a splice variant of the ζ gene). The translated sequences have low identities to mammalian CD3 sequences (12-34%), but they exhibit similar characteristics with single immunoglobulin-like domains in the γδ and e genes and immunoreceptor tyrosine-based activation motifs in all cytoplasmic domains. Two copies of the CD3ζ gene were cloned, but these are considered to be alleles. The CD3e gene has a second copy, but it is a pseudogene containing frame-shifts and stop codons and was poorly expressed compared to the intact CD3e gene. The CD3γδ gene also appeared to be duplicated and the variants are named CD3γδ-A and CD3γδ -B. Further evidence for the homology of CD3γδ and CD3e genes was found in their genomic orientation where the pseudo-CD3e gene is located tail to tail with a CD3γδ gene, similar to the gene organisation in higher vertebrates. There are two CD8 genes in Atlantic salmon, CD8α and CD8β. The synteny of these genes in humans is conserved with the publically available fugu genome sequence, allowing the subsequent identification of the CD8β gene in Atlantic salmon. There are two main transcripts and two alternative transcripts which could result in a putative truncated cytoplasmic domain in CD8α and a severely truncated version of CD8β. The main CD8α and CD8β transcripts were also cloned and sequenced in brown trout (and
Declining Bat Populations , Increased Pesticides Use & Infant Mortality ∗

Pesticides are a form of environmental pollution yet there are no well identified estimates for their effects. Using a natural experiment I find the first causally interpretable results for the adverse health effects of pesticides. This paper uses mortality shocks to bats a major predator of insects that result from the unexpected emergence of a wildlife disease known as White Nose Syndrome (WNS). WNS first emerged in 2006 and started to gradually spread across counties. I use a Difference-In-Differences strategy and find that farmers increase their use of insecticides by 39.6% relative to their mean use. Because insects carry fungi between plants the use of fungicides increases as well by 20.1% relative to the mean. Using linked birth and death certificates I focus on infant mortality due to non-violent causes for births that were conceived during the pesticides application season of April through July. I find that the infant mortality rate increases by 1.01 deaths per 1,000 births in the counties exposed to WNS. This is driven mostly by female infant mortality and represents an increase of 14.5% relative to the mean. These results suggest that mixtures of pesticide compounds can affect health even if each compound is used below its regulatory threshold. JEL Codes: I10, Q53, Q57.
CJON BOOK EXCERPT SERIES

Digital Object Identifi er: 10.1188/07.CJON. 138-150 T he most common hematologic effects post-transplant include neutropenia, immunosuppression, thrombocytopenia, anemia, graft failure, and delayed engraftment. Although the most common cause of the complications is the transplant preparative regimen, other etiologic risk factors may occur. This chapter will discuss the pathophysiology, etiology, and management of each hematologic complication.