Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Incidence and susceptibility to antimicrobial agents of Listeria spp. and Listeria monocytogenes isolated from poultry carcasses in Porto, Portugal.

The occurrence of Listeria spp. and Listeria monocytogenes in 63 samples of Portuguese poultry carcasses obtained from two local butcher shops and one canteen in the city of Porto, Portugal, and the susceptibility of these bacteria to antimicrobial agents allowed for use in human or animal therapeutics were evaluated. All poultry samples were contaminated with Listeria spp. , and L. monocytogenes was isolated from 41% (26 of 63) of the samples. Other Listeria species, including L. innocua, L. welshimeri, and L. seeligeri, were also isolated from poultry samples. A multiplex polymerase chain reaction method was used for the identification of all of the Listeria isolates; this method showed total conformity with the conventional method of biochemical identification and proved to be more reliable, faster, and less arduous. In addition, high percentages of Listeria spp. (84%) and L. monocytogenes (73%) isolates were found to be resistant to one or more antimicrobial agents of different groups, and 12 different resistance profiles were recorded. The frequency of the resistance of L. monocytogenes isolates to enrofloxacin and clindamycin is notable. The results of this study suggest a high incidence of L. monocytogenes on Portuguese poultry products available for consumers and indicate that poultry could be a potential vehicle of foodborne infections due to strains of L. monocytogenes that are resistant to antimicrobial agents.
Effects of Blood Flow and Left Atrial Pressure on Pulmonary Venous Resistance

Pulmonary venular pressure was measured in 11 thoracotomized dogs and in 8 isolated lung lobes by introducing a small catheter (O.D. 0.6 or 0.9 mm.) as far as possible retrograde into the pulmonary veins. In thoracotomized dogs, insufflated with a maximal air pressure of 6 mm. Hg, the mean pulmonary arterial, venular, and left atrial pressures averaged 18.4, 9.1, and 4.2 mm. Hg, respectively. An almost linear relationship was found between venular pressure and pulmonary blood flow, except in the low flow ranges; venular pressures exceeded left atrial pressure by one-fourth to one-half of the gradient from pulmonary artery to left atrium. The calculated pulmonary venous resistance decreased with increased blood flow. The fall in pulmonary vascular resistance resulting from elevation of the left atrial pressure was shown to reside primarily in the venous system, especially when left atrial pressure was low; arterial and capillary resistance also fell, but to a lesser extent. Pulmonary venular pressure is higher than left atrial pressure by a factor which varies with blood flow. The effect of such mechanical forces on the venous resistance is discussed.
Comparison of methods for extraction of nucleic acid from hemolytic serum for PCR amplification of hepatitis B virus DNA sequences

The sensitivity of PCR for the amplification of target nucleic acid sequences in clinical diagnostics may often be reduced due to the presence of inhibitory factors. Hemolytic serum contains a number of PCR inhibitors, one of which is hemin. In this study we have found that conventional methods of DNA extraction were not sufficient for the removal of PCR-inhibitory compounds in hemolytic serum. We have therefore compared the efficiency of several commercial and noncommercial methods of nucleic acid purification from hemolytic serum samples prior to PCR amplification. Separation with the QIAamp HCV kit, dialysis with Millipore filters, and bovine serum albumin absorption were all found to be suitable extraction methods for eliminating inhibitors from hemolytic serum for PCR amplification. Using these methods we were able to detect very low levels of hepatitis B virus DNA in hemolytic serum.
Application of deep neural network and generative adversarial network to industrial maintenance: A case study of induction motor fault detection

As data visibility in factories has increased with the deployment of sensors, data-driven maintenance has become popular in industries. Machine learning has been a promising tool for fault detection, but the problem is that the amount of fault data is much less than that of normal data which causes a data imbalance. In this study, we designed a deep neural network for fault detection and diagnosis, and compared the oversampling by a generative adversarial network to standard oversampling techniques. Simulation results indicate that oversampling by the generative adversarial network performs well under the given condition and the deep neural network designed is capable of classifying the faults of an induction motor with high accuracy.
Sexual dimorphism, reproductive strategy, and human activities determine resource use by brown bears.

Despite significant sexual dimorphism and differing reproductive strategies in carnivores, sexual segregation is rarely studied and is often overlooked in the management of wild populations. Potential nutritional constraints imposed by sexual dimorphism and differing reproductive strategies between the sexes have important implications, particularly when combined with differential effects of human activities on sex and age classes. We examined the effects of sexual dimorphism, reproductive strategies, and human activities (bear-viewing and hunting) on resource use by different sex and age classes of brown bears (Ursus arctos). Sexual segregation of habitat use and effects of experimental bear-viewing were quantified at a single site in south-central Alaska, U.S.A. , by capturing, collaring, and observing brown bears at a salt marsh and salmon stream. Effects of salmon capture rate, availability of alternative salmon runs, harvest pressure, and numbers of annual visitors on sex and age class use were examined from data collected or previously published from 13 other sites. Bear-viewing sites on salmon streams where salmon capture rates were low (<4 salmon/hour) resulted in low use by adult males (<10% of all bears), except for sites with falls. However, maximum male use of viewing areas also depended on the availability of alternative salmon streams and harvest pressure. Use of habitats by females with dependent young was significantly related to the prevalence of adult males at the site. Thus, both sexual dimorphism and differing reproductive strategies led to sexual segregation in habitat use by bears. As a result of infanticide, females with young appear to prioritize avoidance of male bears over avoidance of humans when choosing habitats, in contrast to responses documented in herbivores. Because carnivores often exhibit both sexual dimorphism and infanticide, selection for sexual segregation is likely to be high. In these cases, the nutritional demands of large adult males, balanced with responses to human activity, drive dynamic temporal and spatial distributions of individuals in the population.
Investigating internet usage as innovation adoption: a quantitative study

Purpose – The purpose is to study Rogers' Diffusion of Innovations theory (2003) in a real‐life context, where it is exposed to the full range of complexities of people residing in a specific area and to briefly describe basically non‐work information needs and sources selected to access it.Design/methodology/approach – The relationships between personality and communication behaviour, socio‐economic characteristics and internet adoption, based on Rogers' theory are investigated.Findings – Results from 150 households suggest younger people and individuals with more formal education have increased information needs and are more familiar with computer and internet usage. A positive association between educational level and innovation adoption, and between the latter and attitude toward science and change, is indicated.Research limitations/implications – Research is limited to Xanthi's Old Town. The quantitative methodology utilised does not allow for in‐depth analysis of information behaviour and internet a.
Construction of Network for Protein Kinases That Play a Role in Acute Pancreatitis

Objectives This study aimed to search for protein kinases that play a role in acute pancreatitis and analyze their potential connection with each other. Methods Information of human protein kinases were collected in protein kinase database, and then a systematic search was performed using PubMed for studies addressing the association between these kinases and acute pancreatitis. Gene Ontology Annotations were used to build interactions network for acute pancreatitis–associated protein kinases. Results A total of 570 human protein kinases were found, in which 28 kinases play a role in acute pancreatitis. Among the 28 kinases, RIPK1, JAK2, SRC, EGFR, FYN, MET, JAK1, TYK2, and MTOR were annotated in Gene Ontology database. A gene ontology interactions network was built to visualize the common biological process these kinases participated in. Conclusions This study provides observations that protein kinases participate in all the sequential events in the exocrine pancreas in acute pancreatitis and that protein kinases are potential therapeutical target for acute pancreatitis.
Hardware Attack Mitigation Techniques Analysis

The goal of a hardware attack is to physically access a digital system to obtain secret information or modify the system behavior. These attacks can be classified as covert or overt based on the awareness of the attack. Each hardware attack has capabilities as well as objectives. Some employ hardware trojans, which are inserted during, manufacture, while others monitor system emissions. Once a hardware attack has been identified, mitigation techniques should be employed to protect the system. There are now a wide variety of techniques, which can be used against hardware attacks. In this paper, a comprehensive survey of hardware attack mitigation techniques is presented. These techniques are matched to the hardware attacks and attack criteria they can counter, which helps security personnel choose appropriate mitigation techniques to protect their systems against hardware attacks. An example is presented to illustrate the choice of appropriate countermeasures.
Arrested Protein Synthesis Increases Persister-Like Cell Formation

ABSTRACT Biofilms are associated with a wide variety of bacterial infections and pose a serious problem in clinical medicine due to their inherent resilience to antibiotic treatment. Within biofilms, persister cells comprise a small bacterial subpopulation that exhibits multidrug tolerance to antibiotics without undergoing genetic change. The low frequency of persister cell formation makes it difficult to isolate and study persisters, and bacterial persistence is often attributed to a quiescent metabolic state induced by toxins that are regulated through toxin-antitoxin systems. Here we mimic toxins via chemical pretreatments to induce high levels of persistence (10 to 100%) from an initial population of 0.01%. Pretreatment of Escherichia coli with (i) rifampin, which halts transcription, (ii) tetracycline, which halts translation, and (iii) carbonyl cyanide m-chlorophenylhydrazone, which halts ATP synthesis, all increased persistence dramatically. Using these compounds, we demonstrate that bacterial persistence results from halted protein synthesis and from environmental cues.
Handbook of Human Symbolic Evolution

Part I: Palaeoanthropology.1. Photogallery of Fossil Skulls.2. An Outline of Human Phylogeny. (Bernard Campbell)3. Evolutionary Trees of Apes and Humans From DNA Sequences. (Peter J. Waddell and David Penny)4. Evolution of The Human Brain. (Ralph Holloway)5. Evolution of The Hand and Bipedality. (Mary Marzke)Part II: Social and Socio-Cultural Systems.6. Primate Communication, Lies, and Ideas. (Alison Jolly)7. Social Relations, Human Ecology, and The Evolution of Culture: An Exploration of Concepts and Definitions. (Tim Ingold)8. Social Relations, Communication, and Cognition. (Andrew Lock and Kim Symes)9. On The Evolution of Human Socio-Cultural Patterns. (Randall White)10. The Evolution of Tools and Symbolic Behaviour. (Thomas Wynn)11. The Interpretation of European 'Palaeolithic Art': Magic, Mythogram, and Metaphors For Modernity. (Margaret Conkey)12. Photogallery of Contemporary Hunter-Gatherer Art: A. Australian Aboriginal Art. B. South African Bushman Art.Part III: Ontogeny and Symbolism.13. The Role of Ontogenesis in Human Evolution and Development. (Chris Sinha)14. The Ontogeny and Evolution of The Brain, Cognition, and Language. (Kathleen Gibson)15. Early Interaction and Cognitive Skills: Implications For The Acquisition of Culture. (David Messer and Glyn Collis)16. The Origins of Language and Thought in Early Childhood. (George Butterworth)17. Theories of Symbolization and Development. (Chris Sinha)18. Children's Drawings and The Evolution of Art. (J. Gavin Bremner)Part IV: Language Systems.19. Spoken Language and Sign Language. (Margaret Deuchar)20. A History of The Study of Language Origins and The Gestural Primacy Hypothesis. (Gordon W. Hewes)21. Cognitive Abilities in A Comparative Perspective. (Andrew Lock and Michael Colombo)22. Animal Language and Cognition Projects. (Carolyn Ristau)23. Symbols and Structures in Language Acquisition. (Carolyn Johnson, Henry Davis, and Marlys Macken)24. The Reconstruction of The Evolution of Human Spoken Language. (Mary Lecron Foster)25. Theoretical Stages in The Prehistory of Grammar. (Leonard Rolfe)26. Social and Cognitive Factors in The Historical Elaboration of Writing. (David Barton and Mary Hamilton)Part V: Epilogue.27. Tempo and Mode of Change in The Evolution of Symbolism (Charles Peters)Time Charts.Index.
Bioactivation of Glafenine by Human Liver Microsomes and Peroxidases: Identification of Electrophilic Iminoquinone Species and Glutathione Conjugates

Glafenine (Privadol; 2,3-dihydroxypropyl 2-[(7-chloro-4-quinolinyl)amino]benzoate) is a non-narcotic analgesic agent widely used for the treatment of pains of various origins. Severe liver toxicity and a high incidence of anaphylaxis were reported in patients treated with glafenine, eventually leading to its withdrawal from market in most countries. It is proposed that bioactivation of glafenine and subsequent binding of reactive metabolite(s) to critical cellular proteins play a causative role. The study described herein aimed at characterizing pathways of glafenine bioactivation and the metabolic enzymes involved. Two glutathione (GSH) conjugates of glafenine were detected in human liver microsomal incubations using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC/MS/MS). The structures of detected conjugates were determined as GSH adducts of 5-hydroxyglafenine (M3) and 5-hydroxy glafenic acid (M4), respectively. GSH conjugation took place with a strong preference at C-6 of the benzene ring of glafenine, ortho to the carbonyl moiety. These findings are consistent with a bioactivation sequence involving initial P450-catalyzed 5-hydroxylation of the benzene ring of glafenine, followed by two electron oxidations of M3 and M4 to form corresponding para -quinone imine intermediates that react with glutathione to form GSH adducts M1 and M2, respectively. Formation of M1 and M2 was primarily catalyzed by heterologously expressed recombinant CYP3A4, and to a less extent, CYP2C19 and CYP2D6. We demonstrated that M3 can also be bioactivated by peroxidases, such as horseradish peroxidase and myeloperoxidase. In summary, these findings are of significance in understanding of the bioactivation pathways of glafenine and their potential link to mechanisms of toxicity of glafenine
Draft Genome Sequence of Rifamycin Derivatives Producing Amycolatopsis mediterranei Strain DSM 46096/S955

ABSTRACT Amycolatopsis mediterranei DSM 46096 produces antibiotics of the rifamycin family, 27-demethoxy-27-hydroxyrifamycin B, 25-desacetyl-27-demethoxy-27-hydroxyrifamycin, and 27-demethoxy-27-hydroxyrifamycin SV, which are effective against Gram-negative bacteria. Here, we present the draft genome of A. mediterranei 46096 (approx. 10.2 Mbp) having 104 contigs with a GC content of 71.3% and 9,382 coding sequences.
Crystal Structure of Lyme Disease Antigen Outer Surface Protein C from Borrelia burgdorferi *

The outer surface protein C (OspC) is one of the major host-induced antigens of Borrelia burgdorferi, the causative agent of Lyme disease. We have solved the crystal structure of recombinant OspC to a resolution of 2.5 Å. OspC, a largely α-helical protein, is a dimer with a characteristic central four-helical bundle formed by association of the two longest helices from each subunit. OspC is very different from OspA and similar to the extracellular domain of the bacterial aspartate receptor and the variant surface glycoprotein from Trypanosoma brucei. Most of the surface-exposed residues of OspC are highly variable among different OspC isolates. The membrane proximal halves of the two long α-helices are the only conserved regions that are solvent accessible. As vaccination with recombinant OspC has been shown to elicit a protective immune response in mice, these regions are candidates for peptide-based vaccines.
Contribution of Liquefied Petroleum Gas to Air Pollution in the Metropolitan Area of Mexico City

ABSTRACT An estimation of hydrocarbon emissions caused by the consumption of liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) in the Metropolitan Area of Mexico City (MAMC) is presented. On the basis of experimental measurements at all points of handling, during the distribution process, and during the consumption of LPG in industrial devices and domestic appliances, an estimated 76,414 tons/year are released to the air. The most important contribution is found during the domestic consumption of LPG (70%); this makes the control initiatives available to the consumer. By developing a control program of LPG losses, a 77% reduction in emission is expected in a 5-yr period. The calculated amounts of LPG emissions when correlated with the consumption of LPG, combined with information from air samples from the MAMC, do not point to LPG emissions as the most important factor contributing to tropospheric ozone in the air in Mexico City.
Multiply deleted [E1, polymerase‐, and pTP‐] adenovirus vector persists despite deletion of the preterminal protein

The inherent limitations of [E1‐]Ad vectors as gene therapy vehicles suggest that further modifications may improve their overall performance profiles. However, Ad vector modifications can have untoward effects on their basic biology, e.g., some helper‐virus dependent Ad vectors have been found to be unstable without the presence of preterminal protein (pTP) activities. Despite this concern, we generated a new class of helper‐virus independent Ad vector that was multiply deleted for the E1, polymerase, and pTP genes, and investigated the ramifications of these deletions upon several vector performance parameters.
Older Than We Thought: Implications of Corrected Dates for Paleoindians

Radiocarbon dates for the terminal Pleistocene are about 2,000 years too young. Furthermore, because of significant carbon perturbations that are manifest as plateaus or abrupt jumps in age, radiocarbon dates of ca. 12,500 to 10,000 B.P. [14C] must be critically evaluated. The first successful human colonization of the Americas occurred not 11,500 but about 13,500 years ago. This basic chronological revision has important implications for models of Paleoindian colonization, population expansion, and genetic and linguistic divergence.
Post-stroke assistive rehabilitation robotic gloves

This paper presents the research activities and results which have been obtained to develop robotic gloves and its control system to be used for post-stroke hand rehabilitation. The practical results for robotic gloves development are shown from a mechanical, sensorial and control point of view. This work is focused on developing a lightweight and low-cost robotic glove used by patients in order to regain their hand movements. Robotic glove tele-operation was implemented with a tele-operation glove, having attached blending sensors, or a mobile device (phone) with Android.
Ultrastructural features of goat oviductal secretory cells at follicular and luteal phases of the oestrous cycle

The aim of the present study was to investigate the ultrastructure of secretory cells in the various regions of the goat oviduct during the follicular and luteal phases of the oestrous cycle. During the follicular phase in the fimbriae, the secretory cells contained small secretory granules with electron‐dense matrices. In the luteal phase, the secretory granules disappeared and cytoplasmic protrusions, extending beyond the luminal border of the ciliated cells and often containing the nucleus, were predominant. During the follicular phase in ampullary secretory cells, numerous secretory granules with moderately electron‐dense matrices were present in the supranuclear cytoplasm and exocytosis of secretory granules was observed. The number of secretory granules was dramatically reduced in the ampullary secretory cells at the luteal phase. Conspicuous cytoplasmic protrusions of secretory cells were observed similar to those of the fimbrial epithelium. Isthmic cells were almost free of secretory granules and lysosome‐like bodies were found both at the follicular and luteal phases. In conclusion, our ultrastructural observations of goat oviduct revealed marked cyclic changes in the ultrastructural features of secretory cells and the ultrastructural features and the numbers of secretory granules were distinctive for each particular segment.
Allergen‐specific immunotherapy: from therapeutic vaccines to prophylactic approaches

Abstract. Valenta R, Campana R, Marth K, van Hage M (Division of Immunopathology, Department of Pathophysiology and Allergy Research, Center for Pathophysiology, Infectiology and Immunology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna; Christian Doppler Laboratory for Allergy Research, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria; and Department of Medicine, Clinical Immunology and Allergy Unit, Karolinska Institutet and University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden) Allergen‐specific immunotherapy: from therapeutic vaccines to prophylactic approaches (Review). J Intern Med 2012; 272: 144–157.
Electrostatic attraction governs the dimer assembly of human hemoglobin.

We have investigated the effect of surface charge on the rate of assembly of alpha beta dimers of human hemoglobin A: alpha + beta k a----alpha beta. Heme intact beta A subunits were compared with four mutant subunits which differ by integral units of charge: beta N(Lys-95----Glu) (2-); beta J(Gly-16----Asp) (1-); beta S(Glu-6----Val) (1+); beta C(Glu-6----Lys) (2+). Subunit competition experiments were performed as follows. Varying amounts of 3H-labeled alpha A subunits were added to a mixture containing equal amounts of beta A and beta X subunits so that alpha/(beta A + beta X) ranged from 0.05-1.0. The reconstituted 3H-labeled Hbs A and X were analyzed by ion-exchange high pressure liquid chromatography as well as by gel electrofocusing and fluorography. Under the solvent conditions employed (10 mM PO4(Na), pH 7.0, 0 degrees C) a predominant proportion of the beta subunits was monomeric. Therefore, the ratio of Hb X to Hb A formed from subunit reconstitution when alpha/(beta X + beta A) approached zero provides a direct measure of the relative rates of monomer combination: kXa/kAa. The experimental values of this ratio decreased monotonically with the overall charge of the variant beta subunit: beta N = 2.6; beta J = 1.5; beta S = 0.41; beta C = 0.13. In contrast surface charge had no significant effect on the rate of dissociation of the alpha beta dimer: alpha beta kd----alpha + beta. At pH 8.0, where the alpha chains lack a net surface charge, they combined equally well to beta A and beta C chains. These experiments are consistent with a two-step mechanism, alpha + beta in equilibrium (alpha.beta) in equilibrium alpha beta, where the oppositely charged monomers diffuse together under the influence of their mutual electrostatic interaction to form a nonspecifically bound encounter complex [alpha.beta] that undergoes a surface charge-independent rearrangement to form the stable dimer.