Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Modified MacConkey medium which allows simple and reliable identification of Providencia stuartii

This work describes a modified MacConkey medium (MCP medium) enabling the simple identification of Providencia stuartii, an emerging nosocomial pathogen. A total of 813 strains, belonging to the families Enterobacteriaceae and Pseudomonadaceae, were tested on MCP medium; all P. stuartii strains were phosphatase positive, as were 97.5% of Morganella morganii strains, in contrast with all other tested organisms. A simple discriminating test, such as the ornithine or citrate test, allowed identification of strains of these species. We have also compared the reliabilities of P. stuartii identification by commercial kits (API 20E system) by using a standard MacConkey or MCP medium. Sixteen and three-tenths percent of P. stuartii strains were misidentified by using the former procedure, while with the latter all strains were correctly identified. Finally, the MCP medium was used over a 6-month period in our routine clinical laboratory. Of a total of 1,278 seeded urine samples from elderly patients, we isolated 103 P. stuartii strains which were all correctly identified by coupling MCP medium and the API 20E system. Seventeen and one-half percent of these strains were misidentified when the API 20E system was used in combination with standard MacConkey medium.
The relationship between reduced functioning kidney mass and chronic rejection in rats

Abstract Interest has recently increased in the role of alloantigen‐independent factors in chronic rejection. In this context, we examined the long‐term effects of reduced functioning kidney mass in a F344 → LEW allograft (A) model. Animals were divided into three groups depending upon the amount of retained kidney. Renal arterial branches in the hilus were ligated so that one‐third or two‐thirds of the graft remained viable (1/3 and 2/3 groups, respectively); organs were left intact in the third (3/3) group. Urine protein concentrations were determined 4, 6, 8 and 10 weeks after engraftment and organs (five/group/time) were harvested and examined morphologically and immunohis‐tologically. Proteinuria increased progressively in all 1/3, 2/3 and 3/3 A animals, but faster in those with reduced kidney mass. This functional decline correlated well with increasing numbers of macrophages followed by interstitial fibrosis and glomerular sclerosis, which had become prominent by week 6 in group 1/3 A and by 8 weeks in groups 2/3A and 1/31 (I, isografted), with animals beginning to die. IL‐1, IL‐6 and TNF production correlated well with the location and number of macrophages in all groups. These results suggest that kidney mass exerts a significant alloantigen‐independent influence on chronic rejection. Allogenicity of the graft accelerates and amplifies the process.
Fibrinolysis shutdown is associated with a fivefold increase in mortality in trauma patients lacking hypersensitivity to tissue plasminogen activator

BACKGROUND Fibrinolysis shutdown (SD) is an independent risk factor for increased mortality in trauma. High levels of plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) directly binding tissue plasminogen activator (t-PA) is a proposed mechanism for SD; however, patients with low PAI-1 levels present to the hospital with a rapid TEG (r-TEG) LY30 suggestive SD. We therefore hypothesized that two distinct phenotypes of SD exist, one, which is driven by t-PA inhibition, whereas another is due to an inadequate t-PA release in response to injury. METHODS Trauma activations from our Level I center between 2014 and 2016 with blood collected within an hour of injury were analyzed with r-TEG and a modified TEG assay to quantify fibrinolysis sensitivity using exogenous t-PA (t-TEG). Using the existing r-TEG thresholds for SD (<0.9%), physiologic (LY30 0.9–2.9%), and hyperfibrinolysis (LY30 > 2.9%) patients were stratified into phenotypes. A t-TEG LY30 greater than 95th percentile of healthy volunteers (n = 140) was classified as t-PA hypersensitive and used to subdivide phenotypes. A nested cohort had t-PA and PAI-1 activity levels measured in addition to proteomic analysis of additional fibrinolytic regulators. RESULTS This study included 398 patients (median New Injury Severity Score, 18), t-PA-Sen was present in 27% of patients. Shutdown had the highest mortality rate (20%) followed by hyperfibinolysis (16%) and physiologic (9% p = 0.020). In the non–t-PA hypersensitive cohort, SD had a fivefold increase in mortality (15%) compared with non-SD patients (3%; p = 0.003) which remained significant after adjusting for Injury Severity Score and age (p = 0.033). Overall t-PA activity (p = 0.002), PAI-1 (p < 0.001), and t-PA/PAI-1 complex levels (p = 0.006) differed between the six phenotypes, and 54% of fibrinolytic regulator proteins analyzed (n = 19) were significantly different. CONCLUSION In conclusion, acute fibrinolysis SD is not caused by a single etiology, and is clearly associated with PAI-1 activity. The differential phenotypes require an ongoing investigation to identify the optimal resuscitation strategy for these patients. Level of Evidence Prognostic, level III.
Analysis for the Reflected Waves Transmitted on to the Channel by Tall Grounded Objects Using a Special Case

During lightning strike to a tall grounded object (TGO), reflected current waves from TGO are transmitted on to the channel. With regard to these transmitted waves, there seems to be some uncertainties like: 1) will they get reflected at the main wavefront; and 2) if so, what would be their final status. This study makes an attempt to address these issues considering a special case of strike to a TGO involving equal channel core and TGO radii. A macroscopic physical model for the lightning return stroke is adopted for the intended work. Analysis showed that the waves transmitted on to the channel merges with the main wavefront without any sign of reflection. Investigation revealed that: 1) the nonlinear spatio-temporal resistance profile of the channel at the wavefront is mainly responsible for the same; and 2) the distributed source provides additional support. The earlier findings are not limited to the special case of TGO considered. In spite of considering equal TGO and channel core radii, salient features of the model predicted remote electromagnetic fields agree well with the measured data reported in literature.
Magnification of Secondary Production by Kelp Detritus in Coastal Marine Ecosystems

Kelps are highly productive seaweeds found along most temperate latitude coastlines, but the fate and importance of kelp production to nearshore ecosystems are largely unknown. The trophic role of kelp-derived carbon in a wide range of marine organisms was assessed by a natural experiment. Growth rates of benthic suspension feeders were greatly increased in the presence of organic detritus (particulate and dissolved) originating from large benthic seaweeds (kelps). Stable carbon isotope analysis confirmed that kelp-derived carbon is found throughout the nearshore food web.
The Power Mean and the Logarithmic Mean

In a very interesting and recent note, Tung-Po Lin [I] obtained the least value q and the greatest value p such that M <L<M P q is valid for all distinct positive numbers x and y where M (x +.y.)s and L s 2 In x-ln Y The object of this paper is to give a simpler proof than Lin’s of a more general result. More precisely, the author obtained the classes of functions f and ha, agR such that In f (t) a (t) [tl/ + I] > O, t > I.
Factors Affecting Mobile Health Application for Chronic Diseases

—M-health has changed the conventional delivery system of health-care, permitting continuous, pervasive Health-care anywhere, anytime. Chronic disease apps are increasing, as many health workers, patients and clinicians already embracing smartphones in their comprehensive and diverse practices. This paper also mentions the current high end and open challenges in emerging field of smartphone-based healthcare applications. One of the M-health’s biggest fears and technical barriers is the security and privacy of the personal information. While the usability testing and evaluations of chronic disease apps have not yet touched the accuracy level of other web-based applications. This study is being conducted to learn about challenges of m-health apps and to identify the factors that affect the usability of such applications.
Multimodality Imaging of Pancreatic Cancer—Computed Tomography, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, and Positron Emission Tomography

Abstract Pancreatic adenocarcinoma continues to have a dismal prognosis, with curative surgery (resection with negative margins) possible in only a small percentage of patients. Not only does radiological imaging play a major role in diagnosing the primary lesion at presentation, but it is also crucial for staging of locoregional disease and distant metastases, both of which are critical for selecting appropriate candidates for surgery. Over the last 2 decades, computed tomography has become the dominant imaging modality for both the diagnosis and staging of pancreatic cancer, with advances in multidetector computed tomography technology improving the ability to identify small tumors and demonstrate subtle degrees of vascular involvement by tumor. However, magnetic resonance imaging and positron emission tomography are now playing an increasing role in pancreatic cancer imaging. These 3 imaging modalities each have specific strengths and benefits and should be used in a complementary fashion.
Noise Tolerant Heart Rate Extraction Algorithm Using Short-Term Autocorrelation for Wearable Healthcare Systems

This report describes a robust method of instantaneous heart rate (IHR) extraction from noisy electrocardiogram (ECG) signals. Generally, R-waves are extracted from ECG using a threshold to calculate the IHR from the interval of R-waves. However, noise increases the incidence of misdetection and false detection in wearable healthcare systems because the power consumption and electrode distance are limited to reduce the size and weight. To prevent incorrect detection, we propose a short-time autocorrelation (STAC) technique. The proposed method extracts the IHR by determining the search window shift length which maximizes the correlation coefficient between the template window and the search window. It uses the similarity of the QRS complex waveform beat-by-beat. Therefore, it has no threshold calculation process. Furthermore, it is robust against noisy environments. The proposed method was evaluated using MIT-BIH arrhythmia and noise stress test databases. Simulation results show that the proposed method achieves a state-of-the-art success rate of IHR extraction in a noise stress test using a muscle artifact and a motion artifact. key words: autocorrelation, biomedical signal processing, electrocardiography, heart rate extraction, noise tolerance
Stem cell therapy for glomerular disease.

Stem cell therapy holds great promise for the repair of injured tissues and organs, including the kidney. Although still surrounded by uncertainties, such as the role of specific stem cell or progenitor populations, the relative contribution of local versus circulating cells or the modes of action, recent years have witnessed considerable progress in bringing stem cells closer to the bedside in nephrology. Concerning the kidney, most studies on repair have concentrated on the tubulointerstitial compartment, and less information is available for glomerular repair. In this issue of JASN, Kunter et al. demonstrate that intrarenal administration of bone marrow– derived mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) can be used as cell therapy in the anti-Thy1.1– mediated model of antibody-mediated mesangiolysis and glomerular capillary destruction. Importantly, recovery of the glomerular lesions is accelerated when MSC are instilled locally 2 d after the induction of disease. The study elegantly demonstrates that these beneficial effects are not mediated through replacement of damaged glomerular cells by differentiated MSC but rather are caused by paracrine effects. The authors convincingly show that these actions are specific for MSC and dependent on local delivery. MSC are a rare minority of cells in the bone marrow and are
Load-side snubbers for recovering leakage energy

Snubbers are circuits that rectify the parasitic energy trapped in circuit leakage inductances, and recycle this energy to a power node. Most published snubber circuits deliver this energy back to the input source. Since the purpose of a power converter is to deliver energy to the load, it makes sense that the snubber should couple this energy to the load, instead of to the source. This paper demonstrates snubber circuits that operate from the secondary (load-side), and decouple their energy to the load. Simulations and test measurements show that this methodology does work, and that conversion efficiency increases when these techniques are used.
A branch-and-bound algorithm for optimal protein threading with pairwise (contact potential) amino acid interactions

Presents a new branch-and-bound method of searching the space of possible "threadings" for the optimal match of a sequence to an adjacency matrix of environments in the "motif threading" version of the "inverse protein folding problem. " The method is guaranteed to find the optimal threading first, and thereafter will enumerate successive candidate threadings in order of decreasing optimality. We require minimal conditions on how environments are defined and the form of the score function, and the search method is sufficiently general to be used with many different score functions which model contact potentials or other interactions between explicit pairs of amino acids. This algorithm has been used in conjunction with a pairwise interaction score function to identify the optimal threading out of as many as 1.69/spl times/10/sup 24/ possibilities on a Sun Sparcstation IPC workstation in 40 minutes total elapsed time. <<ETX>>
Lipocalin 2 is a novel regulator of angiogenesis in human breast cancer

Lipocalin 2 (Lcn2), a member of the lipocalin family, is up‐regulated in a variety of epithelial cancers. We have previously reported that Lcn2 induces the epithelial to mesenchymal transition in breast cancer through the estrogen receptor α/Slug axis and that it is a potential noninvasive biomarker of this disease. Here, we report the novel finding that Lcn2 regulates breast cancer angiogenesis. Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), a key angiogenic activator, was significantly increased with Lcn2 expression in MCF‐7 human breast cancer cells as well as in an angiogenic line derived from MDA‐MB‐436 cells. Treatment with a VEGF‐neutralizing antibody demonstrates that VEGF is essential for the angiogenic activity of Lcn2. We further demonstrate that Lcn2‐induced VEGF is mediated through hypoxia‐inducible factor 1α (HIF‐1α) and that Lcn2 regulates HIF‐1α through extracellular signal‐regulated kinase (Erk). The regulation of HIF‐1α and VEGF by Lcn2 was also demonstrated in the aggressive MDA‐MB‐231 cell line. Using the mouse corneal pocket assay, we found that Lcn2 significantly enhanced the angiogenesis induced by VEGF. Taken together, these results are the first to demonstrate that Lcn2 promotes angiogenesis in vitro and in vivo and suggest a novel mechanism through which Lcn2 may promote tumor progression. —Yang, J., McNeish, B. , Butterfield, C. , Moses, M. A. Lipocalin 2 is a novel regulator of angiogenesis in human breast cancer. FASEB J. 27, 45–50 (2013). www.fasebj. org
Bail-in - Strategy to ease the systemic risk of financial crisis and its implementation in Korea

After the financial crisis in 2008, governments around the world faced the systemic risk of financial institution that had been grown into large scale. ̳Bail-out‘, which was pumped by tax payers, was implemented to temporarily mitigate the demolition of systemically important financial institutions (SIFI). However, bail-out strategy was costly and superficial to handle the risk posed by too-big-to-fail (TBTF). To touch the core of financial system and to buff the impact of potential crisis, various strategies have been undertaken by international governments and one most prevailing strategy is ̳Bail-in‘. Bail-in is a statutory power of a resolution authority to restructure the liabilities of a distressed financial institution by writing down its unsecured debt and converting it to equity. Unlike Bail-out that additionally supplies capital from external members to prevent bankruptcy, Bail-in restructures the participants (the financial institutions) to lower the risk of bankruptcy without additional capital supply. Bail-in strategy is intended to cut the systemic risk associated with disorderly liquidation and balance sheet recession by protecting the asset value that would be lost under the deleveraging pressure of price shock. This paper discusses about rationale of ̳Bail-in‘ and its effectiveness as a buffer of financial crisis. Furthermore, the necessity of bail-in in Korea will be rationalized by checking the present situation of Korea financial institutions and comparing other resolution tools, such as P&A and bridge bank. Also in implementing bail-in in Korea, instead of introducing the international standard itself, the paper suggests four design features based on Korea‘s unique position.
An Impending Crisis of Imagination : Data‐Driven Personalization in Public Service Broadcasters

This paper explores how the introduction of recommendation systems in public service broadcasting (PSB) poses a threat to its publicness. Relying among others on observations on how the European Broadcasting Union (EBU) and the Dutch Foundation for Public Broadcasting (NPO) are currently tackling ‘Big Data’, it identifies an impending crisis of imagination. Although public broadcasters acknowledge the need to do things differently from their commercial counterparts,their data‐driven approaches operate within commercial frameworks. Furthermore, the paper considers how the values of public broadcasters can be implemented into the design of recommendation systems. In conclusion, it proposes ‘real social analytics’ (Couldry et al., 2016) as an approach that can help them explore how they can use their digital presence to fulfill their social aims, and perhaps more fundamentally redefine the terms under which they are known.
The 2010 Mw 7.8 Mentawai earthquake: Very shallow source of a rare tsunami earthquake determined from tsunami field survey and near‐field GPS data

[1] The Mw 7.8 October 2010Mentawai, Indonesia, earthquake was a“tsunami earthquake,” a rare type of earthquake that generates a tsunami much larger than expected based on the seismicmagnitude.Itproducedalocallydevastatingtsunami,withrunupcommonlyinexcess of 6 m. We examine this event using a combination of high-rate GPS data, from instruments located on the nearby islands, and a tsunami field survey. The GPS displacement time series are deficient in high-frequency energy, and show small coseismic displacements ( 16 m. Our modeling results show that the combination of the small GPS displacements and large tsunami can only be explained by high fault slip at very shallow depths, far from the islands and close to the oceanic trench. Inelastic uplift of trench sediments likely contributed to the size of the tsunami. Recent results for the 2011 Mw 9.0 Tohoko-Oki earthquake have also shown shallow fault slip, but the results from our study, which involves a smaller earthquake, provide much stronger constraints on how shallow the rupture can be, with the majority of slip for the Mentawai earthquake occurring at depths of <6 km. This result challenges the conventional wisdom that the shallow tips of subduction megathrusts are aseismic, and therefore raises important questions both about the mechanical properties of the shallow fault zone and the potential seismic and tsunami hazard of this shallow region.
Product Information Diffusion in a Social Network and Marketing Implications: A Case Study of Huawei Mobile Phone

: There is a need to consider how to spread marketing information into the largest area in a social network. In this paper, Tweets of Huawei Mate 9 were collected to analyze users’ information behavior such as tweeting, forwarding, and commenting on tweets. First, the network topology is described as topology structure diagram; second, the Independent Cascade Model (ICM) is used for simulating information propagation; and finally, the article discusses how to identify the influential nodes to maximize the spread of business marketing information. The findings show us how to choose the influential nodes in an enterprise’s marketing campaign conducted in a social network. The result shows that enterprises must pay attention to official nodes but also accident nodes. We suggest that the enterprise should pay more attention to the individuals who are characterized by their occupation, interests and are influential in a friend circle or interests-oriented circles.
n assessment of domain-general metacognitive responding in rhesus onkeys mily

Metacognition is the ability to monitor and control one’s cognition. Monitoring may involve either public cues or introspection of private cognitive states. We tested rhesus monkeys (Macaca mulatta) in a series of generalization tests to determine which type of cues control metacognition. In Experiment 1, monkeys learned a perceptual discrimination in which a “decline-test” response allowed them to avoid tests and receive a guaranteed small reward. Monkeys declined more difficult than easy tests. In Experiments 2–4, we evaluated whether monkeys generalized this metacognitive responding to new perceptual tests. Monkeys showed a trend toward generalization in Experiments 2 & 3, and reliable generalization in Experiment 4. In Experiments 5 & 6, we presented the decline-test response in a delayed matchingto-sample task. Memory tests differed from perceptual tests in that the appearance of the test display ncertainty could not control metacognitive responding. In Experiment 6, monkeys made prospective metamemory judgments before seeing the tests. Generalization across perceptual tests with different visual properties and mixed generalization from perceptual to memory tests provide provisional evidence that domaingeneral, private cues controlled metacognition in some monkeys. We observed individual differences in generalization, suggesting that monkeys differ in use of public and private metacognitive cues. © 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
Impact de la nanostructuration des fibres dopées Erbium sur leurs performances : application aux contraintes du spatial

Ce travail de these porte sur l'etude de l'impact de la nanostructuration de la matiere sur le comportement des fibres dopees Erbium en environnement radiatif tel que l'Espace. Cette etude est motivee par le fait qu'il n'existe pas de fibre dopee Erbium qualifiee pour le spatial, rendant l'AOFD indisponible pour ces applications, reduisant fortement l'interet de l'ensemble de la technologie WDM pour les satellites. Ainsi nous avons teste plusieurs fibres basees sur des technologies differentes dans le but d'evaluer leurs comportements sous radiations gamma. Nous avons ainsi defini un critere objectif pour la selection des fibres dopees Erbium, et avons montre des elements permettant de durcir des fibres co-dopees Aluminium en se basant uniquement sur des parametres de conception. Ainsi, nous avons demontre une fibre durcie aux radiations a base de nanoparticules de silice dopees Erbium, montrant une perte de puissance de l'ordre de 1 dB en fin de mission typique d'un satellite. L'accent a egalement ete mis sur la modelisation de l'AOFD en proposant un modele evolue prenant en compte des effets non lineaires lies a la complexite de la spectroscopie de l'ion Erbium. Ce modele a ete complete par une prise en compte de l'effet des irradiations et de la guerison optique en utilisant un modele de proche de celui developpe par R. Chen. Nous avons pu noter la grande importance de l'effet de la guerison optique sur les performances de l'AOFD en fin de vie.