Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
How bulleted lists and enumerations in formatted paragraphs affect recall and evaluation of functional text

The influence of the bulleted list format on recall and evaluation of functional text (i.e., health flyers, direct mail letters, and recipes) is investigated in five studies in which the same series of components, formatted as enumerations in a paragraph, function as the control condition. In three studies, the bulleted list format has a positive effect on the reader’s ability to recall the content of the items of the series. This positive effect is mitigated if the components are heterogeneous. In two studies, bulleted lists have a negative effect on the recall of content presented in the surrounding text. In another two studies, bulleted lists have a (positive) effect on the reader’s evaluation of the text.
DEVELOPMENT PROJECT MANAGEMENT CAPABILITY OF THE INFRASTRUCTURE PROGRAM. CHERNOBYL CASE

The Project Management methodology became one of the bases for the development of the ChNPP. The subject of research is the process of development the project management capability for infrastructure program based on the Chernobyl case. Objective: to develop and apply a tool for development key competence as the organization capability for managing infrastructure program using Chernobyl NPP experience. Tasks: to analyze the historical facts, factors influencing the organizational competence and the possibility of introducing key competence in the organization ̳s activities, to obtain a general algorithm for the development project management capability. Research methods: historical analysis, logical generalization, analysis and synthesis, structural analysis. Results: The article considers the key competence of the organization as the main component of the management capability of the complex program the company implements. The facts given above say that the activity which is carried out on a platform of the Chernobyl NPP, in many aspects is innovative and at creation on the Chernobyl NPP of an effective Knowledge Management System of project implementation experience, this knowledge can be applied as the professional development of acting project managers of the ChNPP (for example, to development of target courses), and to transfer of the accumulated experience (through realization of the benchmarking mechanism) to external costumers. The weighed system approach to Knowledge management according to the Methodology of project management can not only render invaluable service to system of preparation of the personnel of the NPP, but also to promote definition of possible ways of collecting, storage and commercial realization of intangible assets of the Conclusions: The state-owned enterprise ChNPP stands at the border of a radical reorganization, when project-oriented business management is implemented alongside the existing standard organizational structure of business management. The activities at the Chernobyl NPP site are in many respects innovative and must be taken into account when organizing work. In order to create an effective project management system, the professional knowledge of the existing Chernobyl NPP project managers must be applied, and the accumulated experience (through the implementation of the benchmarking mechanism) to external customers must be transferred. A weighted systemic approach to knowledge management in accordance with the project management methodology can not only provide an invaluable service to the NPP personnel training system, but also help to identify possible ways of collecting, storing and selling intangible assets.
Stochastic motion planning for diffusions & fault detection and isolation for large scale nonlinear systems

The main theme of this thesis is twofold. First, we study a class of specifications, mainly the reachability type questions, in the context of controlled diffusion processes. The second part of the thesis is centered around the fault detection and isolation (FDI) problem for large scale nonlinear dynamical systems. Reachability is a fundamental concept in the study of dynamical systems, and in view of applications of this concept ranging from engineering, manufacturing, biology, and economics, to name but a few, has been studied extensively in the control theory literature. One particular problem that has turned out to be of fundamental importance in engineering is the so-called “reach-avoid” problem. In the deterministic setting this problem consists of determining the set of initial conditions for which one can find at least one control strategy to steer the system to a target set while avoiding certain obstacles. The focus of the first part in this thesis is on the stochastic counterpart of this problem with an extension to more sophisticated maneuvers which we call the “motion planning” problem. From the technical standpoint, this part can be viewed as a theoretical bridge between the desired class of specifications and the existing numerical tools (e.g., partial differential equation (PDE) solvers) that can be used for verification and control synthesis purposes. The second part of the thesis focuses on the FDI problem for large scale nonlinear systems. FDI comprises two stages: residual generation and decision making; the former is the subject addressed here. The thesis presents a novel perspective along with a scalable methodology to design an FDI filter for high dimensional nonlinear systems. Previous approaches on FDI problems are either confined to linear systems, or they are only applicable to low dimensional dynamics with specific structures. In contrast, we propose an optimization-based approach to robustify a linear residual generator given some statistical information about the disturbance signatures, shifting attention from the system dynamics to the disturbance inputs. The proposed scheme provides an alarm threshold whose performance is quantified in a probabilistic fashion. From the technical standpoint, the proposed FDI methodology is effectively a relaxation from a robust formulation to probabilistic constraints. In this light, the alarm threshold obtained via the optimization program has a probabilistic performance index. Intuitively speaking, one would expect to improve the false alarm rate by increasing the filter threshold. The goal of the last part of the thesis is to quantify this connection rigorously. Namely, in a more general setting including a class of non-convex problems, we establish a theoretical bridge between the optimum values of a robust program and its randomized counterpart. The theoretical results of this part are finally deployed to diagnose and mitigate a cyber-physical attack introduced by the interaction between IT infrastructure and power system.
A Modified Inverse Distance Weighting Method for Interpolation in Open Public Places Based on Wi-Fi Probe Data

Urban open places with a public service function (e.g., urban parks) are likely to be populated in peak hours and during public events. To mitigate the risk of overcrowding and even events of stampedes, it is of considerable significance to realize a real-time full coverage estimate of the population density. The main challenge has been the limited deployment of crowd surveillance detectors in open public spaces, leading to incomplete data coverage and thus impacting the quality and reliability of the density estimation. To remedy this issue, this paper proposes a modified inverse distance weighting (IDW) method, named the inverse distance weighting based on path selection behavior (IDWPSB) method. The proposed IDWPSB method adjusts the distance decay effect according to visitors’ path selection behavior, which better characterizes the human dynamics in open spaces. By implementing the model in a real-world road network in the Shichahai scenic area in Beijing, China, the study shows a decrease in the absolute deviation by 17.62% comparing the results between the new method and the traditional IDW method, justifying the effectiveness of the new method for spatial interpolation in open public places. By considering the behavioral factor, the proposed IDWPSB method can provide insights into public safety management with the increasing availability of data derived from location-based services.
A Novel Dual Integrated LLC Resonant Converter Using Various Switching Patterns for a Wide Output Voltage Range Battery Charger

This paper proposes a novel dual integrated LLC resonant converter (DI-LRC) with a wide output voltage range using various switching patterns. The primary side of the proposed DI-LLC converter consists of two resonant tanks and six switches, while the secondary side consists of a six-pulse diode rectifier. Depending on the switching pattern of the primary switch, the DI-LRC converter is performed by single full-bridge operation with a voltage gain of 1, series-connected full-bridge operation with a voltage gain of 0.5, series-connected half bridge operation with a voltage gain of 0.25, and parallel-connected full-bridge operation with a voltage gain of 2. Accordingly, the proposed DI-LRC converter has four voltage gain curves with different variations and achieves a wider output voltage range than the conventional single voltage gain curve in a given operating frequency range. In this paper, the equivalent circuits derived for each switching pattern are proposed to analyze the operating characteristics of the proposed converter according to each switching pattern, and each Q factor and voltage gain are calculated based on the analyzed equivalent circuit. The performance of the proposed converter and switching pattern is verified using the simulation and experimental results of the prototype battery charger, which is designed to be 4-kW class.
Phase stability investigation of light-weight alloys based on the FeMnAlC system

Due the necessity of further reducing vehicles weight in the automotive industry, the concept of lightweight steels based on the FeMnAlC system has recently gained a great deal of attention, since it offers a combination of outstanding mechanical properties and specific weight reduction. Such lightweight steels are complex materials with multiphase microstructure. The mechanical properties of the final product are greatly influenced by both the chemistry of the material and the thermo-mechanical processing route applied. Despite the existing body of research on literature, there are many challenges related with their processing and characterization preventing their commercialization. Therefore, the objective of the present work is to deepen into the microstructural development and phase stability at high temperatures of alloys based on the FeMnAlC system as the first step to help define proper hot rolling and annealing parameters and eventually facilitate production processes in such steel grades. A comparison of thermodynamic predictions, data from literature and experimental measurements is finally performed.
Importance of the Olphactory Environment inthe Laboratory Animal Science

The 3rd R, the refinement is receiving more and more attention. The optimazing of the auditory and olphactory environment of the laboratory animals is essential, because the environmental smells influence the behaviour and occasionally the epigenetics of mammals. According to the characteristics of the smell substances a chemical map is developed in the olphactory bulb. The vomeronasale organ (VNO) has an important role in the pheromonetransfered communication [1]. The VNO is expressing specific major histocompatibility genes, too. In horses and felidae a specific behaviour form, the Flehmen-reaction facilitates pheromone molecules to get the VNO. The intraspecific communication is attained by means of the pheromones, especially in the social and sexual relations. The kairomones are functioning in the communication between species. The interomones are smell compounds influencing the behaviour or physiology of other species, with or without a positive or negative effect for the releaser. Some interomes may decrese the stress of other species [2], having a significance of animal welfare.
Electrical Output Characteristics of Piezoelectric Ceramics Cymbal Transducer with Drop Weight Impact Techniques

In this study, the relationship between the generated voltages of piezoelectric ceramics Cymbal transducer to which impact mechanical energy was applied was studied. The generated voltages of the piezoelectric ceramics Cymbal transducer increased as the applied mechanical energy were increased. At a single impact mechanical energy, the generated voltages of the piezoelectric ceramics Cymbal transducer were much higher than the voltages of an uncapped piezoelectric ceramics disk. The generated voltages of the piezoelectric ceramics Cymbal transducer depended on the geometric parameters and the metal thickness of the end-cap. The generated voltage of piezoelectric ceramics Cymbal transducer with thick metal end-cap was lower than the voltage of transducers with thin metal end-cap.
Stepped Leader Progression and Speed Evolution in a Thunderstorm: Theoretical Model

This paper presents a theoretical model to describe the progression of leading (falling) lightnings in storms (stepped leaders). Stepped leaders move down from the thundercloud base to the encounter point with an upward streamer. First, the existing models, related to the advance of leading lightnings, are analyzed. Then, a novel theory is presented. The proposed model describes both the leader progression and speed. It aims at explaining the leader progression as a succession of several steps, or branches, that form the well-known tree-like shape. The speed of advance per step is described as a function of various parameters: the charge concentration surface diameter and the step length, among others. The derived formulas include two new parameter named ( χ ) and G. χ is the ratio between the guide beam length ( L ) and the diameter of the circle, inside the cloud, where the charges are concentrated ( D ) . G relates density of charges, as explained herein.
Combined analysis of distribution‐level PMU data with transmission‐level PMU for early detection of long‐term voltage instability

In the present study, a new method is proposed for early voltage instability detection based on the statistical analysis of the data obtained from PMUs and micro-PMUs. Although, the use of high sampling rate measurements helps operators to assess the dynamic behavior of the systems, but it may lead to processing a large volume of data, which is a main challenge in this regard. Here, K-Medoid partitioning method is used for clustering and reducing the computational burden. Clustering is done based on the analysis of the voltage magnitude variance in unstable scenarios. Based on the critical slowing down phenomenon, the voltage magnitude variance in the critical transmission-level busbars and in the power plant busbars are used as instability detection indices. The data measured by PMUs give information about severity of the events, and micro-PMUs data provide information on operating status of the over-excitation limiters as well as the resiliency of network to keep voltage. In different conditions of the Nordic test system, all contingencies are considered for data training. Efficiency of the proposed method for early detection of instability in online operation is evaluated by AdaBoost algorithm, and the obtained results are compared by those of other classifiers.
A Fully Integrated 25 Gb/s Low-Noise TIA+CDR Optical Receiver Designed in 40-nm-CMOS

A fully integrated 25 Gb/s low-noise optical receiver is presented which integrates transimpedance amplifier (TIA), continuous-time linear equalizer (CTLE), high-gain and high-bandwidth limiting amplifier (LA), and clock and data recovery (CDR) circuit into a single die. The TIA employs an inverter-based pseudo-differential TIA scheme with input series-inductor peaking, cross-coupled negative Gm pair and negative capacitance to improve the bandwidth, and noise performance, while a MOSFET corner compensation (MCC) circuit compensates for CMOS corner variations. A gain control (GC) scheme is proposed which solves the group delay issue caused by TIA input impedance variations from small input to overload current. Finally, a 2x-oversampling CDR using a bang-bang phase detector is included. The receiver is fabricated in 40-nm CMOS process, and the 850 nm VCSEL-based full-link measurement results show that the optical receiver achieves 44 <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\mu \text{A}_{\mathrm {pp}}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> (RSSI Current = 43 <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\mu \text{A}$ </tex-math></inline-formula>, ER = 4.94 dB) optical modulation amplitude (OMA) sensitivity (BER<1e−12) with 150 fF photodiode capacitance, from 3.3-V and 1.3-V supplies, respectively.
Signal Balancing in Unbalanced Transmission Lines

Balanced lines operating as transmission line interconnects are subjected to differential-mode to common-mode conversion (and vice versa) in situations where symmetry imbalances (e.g., caused by line bends) are unavoidable. In this paper, a technique to compensate for such symmetry imbalances, providing pure differential-mode signals at the differential output port of the line, is presented. Such technique uses a rat-race balun (to generate the differential-mode signal) with the isolated port conveniently loaded, and it is based on the modification of the characteristic impedance of one of the unbalanced lines. A detailed analysis that justifies this compensation technique (valid for any arbitrary four-port network) and provides the design equations is presented. The approach is validated through simulation and experiment, by demonstrating that common-mode signals are not transmitted to the differential output port of a bended (i.e., unbalanced) line pair.
A study of thermoelastic damping in micromechanical resonators under unified generalized thermoelasticity formulation

In this article, a unified formulation for the generalized coupled thermoelasticity theories by employing an appropriate system of partial differential equations as the governing system is presented to investigate thermoelastic damping of a microbeam resonator. The generalized coupled thermoelasticity theories namely: the extended thermoelasticity proposed by Lord and Shulman, the thermoelasticity without energy dissipation (thermoelasticity type-II) and the thermoelasticity with energy dissipation (thermoelasticity type III) in a unified way by introducing the unified parameters. An explicit formula of thermoelastic damping has been derived in a unified way and numerical results for effects of the beam height, relaxation time parameter on thermoelastic damping of the microbeam resonator have been studied and compared.
Investigation of Temperature Effect on Start-Up Operation from Anaerobic Digestion of Acidified Palm Oil Mill Effluent

Malaysia is one of the largest palm oil producers worldwide and its most abundant waste, palm oil mill effluent (POME), can be used as a feedstock to produce methane. Anaerobic digestion is ideal for treating POME in methane production due to its tolerance to high-strength chemical oxygen demand (COD). In this work, we compared the culture conditions during the start-up of anaerobic digestion of acidified POME between thermophilic (55 °C) and mesophilic (37 °C) temperatures. The pH of the digester was maintained throughout the experiment at 7.30 ± 0.2 in a working volume of 1000 mL. This study revealed that the thermophilic temperature stabilized faster on the 44th day compared to the 52nd day for the mesophilic temperature. Furthermore, the thermophilic temperature indicated higher biogas production at 0.60 L- CH 4 /L·d compared to the mesophilic temperature at 0.26 L- CH 4 /L·d. Results from this study were consistent with the COD removal of thermophilic temperature which was also higher than the mesophilic temperature.
Methodology for Assessing the Impact of Workplace Ergonomic Factors on Airport Security Screener´s Reliability and Performance

The article deals with the questions of the connection of the working environment ergonomics to the effectiveness of security screening in air transport. The main objective of the research is to improve aviation safety by optimizing the working conditions for operators screening. Therefore the authors recommend methodological procedures for assessing the influence of ergonomic parameters of the working environment on the screening performance and reliability. In order to meet the stated goal, HODERG method and expert analysis were the most important managerial or scientific methods that have been used. The result is the proposed methodology that should serve as a managerial tool for assessing ergonomic risks in relation to the protection of air traffic against unlawful acts. A necessary prerequisite without which the main aim could not be fulfilled was the fulfilment of the objectives of the partial ones, which at the same time aimed at enriching the scientific knowledge in the related scientific disciplines such as an identification of the set of ninety measurable parameters of working environment that could potentially affect the performance or reliability of the security screener and their analysis. The possibilities of application of the methodology were experimentally verified at the Václav Havel Airport Prague.
Theoretical Foundation for Design of Friction-Tunable Soft Finger With Wrinkle's Morphology

We present a theoretical model for the design of a soft-fingered robotic hand/gripper with a friction-tunable function based on the idea of active wrinkles on its surface. Inspired by the formation of wrinkles on the human finger in a wet environment, our robotic finger is integrated with a pneumatic actuator inside a multilayer soft substrate. Under pressurization, wrinkles are formed on the finger's surface, changing the contact tribology between the finger and the grasped object. In this letter, the morphology of wrinkles (both geometrical and mechanical characteristics) is predicted by the radius basic function network with data collected from an analytical model and experiments. We also investigated the change of the friction coefficient under different wrinkle morphologies using our predicted model. Furthermore, based on our previously proposed beam bundle model, we present a dynamic contact model between a wrinkle and an object to investigate the effect of wrinkle morphological changes on friction's behavior during sliding motions. The theoretical model was validated by experiments. We expect this letter to pave the way for the design of a new type of soft-fingered hand that can actively change its surface morphology for different grasping tasks with tunable friction.