Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
FINITE STRAIN CALCULATIONS OF CONTINENTAL DEFORMATION .2. COMPARISON WITH THE INDIA-ASIA COLLISION ZONE

Numerical experiments on a thin viscous sheet model for deformation of continental lithosphere subjected to an indenting boundary condition yield distributions of crustal thickness, of stress and strain rate, and of latitudinal displacements that may be compared with observations in the India-Asia collision zone. A simple indenting boundary condition applied to initially laterally homogeneous sheets obeying a power law rheology produces results that are in broad agreement with the observations, provided that the power law exponent is three or greater and the sheet can support vertically integrated stress differences of 2×1013 (±5 × 1012) N m−1 in regions in front of the indenter. Under these conditions, the calculated deformation shows accommodation of convergence primarily by crustal thickening, to produce a plateau in front of the indenter. Palaeomagnetic data from India and Tibet, and the observed distribution of topography, suggest that much of the post-Eocene convergence of India with Asia has been taken up by deformation within Asia that involved crustal thickening. The principal difference between calculation and observation is the absence from the calculated strain rate fields of east-west extension of the plateau in front of the indenting boundary. The calculations show that once such a plateau is formed, the buoyancy force associated with the crustal thickness contrast inhibits further thickening and the plateau strains at less than half the rate of its immediate surroundings. Seismically determined regional strain rates exhibit a similar distribution, with the Tibetan plateau straining at about one quarter the rate of the Tien Shan and Ningxia-Gansu regions. Calculated principal compressive stress orientations and regional strain rates agree with the seismically determined quantities in the Mongolia-Baikal, Tien Shan, Tibet, and Ningxia-Gansu regions of Asia, to within the uncertainty of the latter. The vertically integrated stresses that are calculated for the viscous sheet are comparable with those that can be supported by a Theologically stratified continental lithosphere obeying laboratory-determined flow laws. We suggest that the thin viscous sheet model, described in this paper and its companion, gives a simple and physically plausible description of the observed deformation in central Asia; in this description the predominant mechanism of accommodation of continental convergence is diffuse crustal thickening, with shear on vertical planes playing a subsidiary role once large crustal thickness contrasts have been established.
A Comparison and Evaluation of Three Different Pose Estimation Algorithms In Detecting Low Texture Manufactured Objects

This thesis examines the problem of pose estimation, which is the problem of determining the pose of an object in some coordinate system. Pose refers to the object’s position and orientation in the coordinate system. In particular, this thesis examines pose estimation techniques using either monocular or binocular vision systems. Generally, when trying to find the pose of an object the objective is to generate a set of matching features, which may be points or lines, between a model of the object and the current image of the object. These matches can then be used to determine the pose of the object which was imaged. The algorithms presented in this thesis all generate possible matches and then use these matches to generate poses. The two monocular pose estimation techniques examined are two versions of SoftPOSIT: the traditional approach using point features, and a more recent approach using line features. The algorithms function in very much the same way with the only difference being the features used by the algorithms. Both algorithms are started with a random initial guess of the object’s pose. Using this pose a set of possible point matches is generated, and then using these matches the pose is refined so that the distances between matched points are reduced. Once the pose is refined, a new set of matches is generated. The process is then repeated until convergence, i.e., minimal or no change in the pose. The matched features depend on the initial pose, thus
Can Water Quality Affect the Lift Dynamics of Cavitating Hydrofoils

The effect of water quality on sheet/cloud cavitation on a NACA 0015 hydrofoil is explored. A surprising finding is that water quality can affect lift oscillations even when the hydrofoil is fully cavitating. The reason for the observed water quality effect is not completely understood. However, high-speed video observations have shed light on the problem. Video and lift data were recorded at gas contents of 16.2% and 27% of saturation. Cavity length, leading edge fully wetted time, as well as lift oscillations were measured. It is noted that even for fully cavitating flows the leading edge of the foil becomes fully wetted for a fraction of each oscillation cycle. Thus inception must begin anew every cycle with the same water quality effects noted for other types of inception. This is seen not only in our experimental data, but in our numerical simulations as well. When scaling by the cavitation number divided by twice the angle of attack (σ/2α), certain cavity shedding characteristics were noticed. Even for the relatively small changes in gas content in this study, fully wetted times appear dependent on gas content for values between 3 and 6 of σ/2α. Near values of 4, water with the higher gas content had a slightly shorter fully wetted time. Shedding behavior in this region is very irregular as suggested by cavitating flat plate theory [1], and verified by Kjeldsen et al [2]. At the lower gas content, fully wetted time exceeded 20% of the shedding period for certain values of σ/2α. Even though the differences in gas content are small, we observed differences in percent of fully wetted time of the shedding period that varied by as much as 10%. Our hypothesis is that the cavitation is delayed in strong water resulting in a longer fully wetted time, and a lower magnitude lift oscillation. This is confirmed by our data.
Carbon Pricing Induces Innovation: Evidence from China's Regional Carbon Market Pilots

China has launched seven regional pilots of emission trading scheme (ETS) to limit its carbon emissions. Taking advantage of the variations in the regional ETS pilots across regions and sectors and over time, we employ a difference-in-difference-in-differences (DDD) approach to evaluate the effect of ETS on low-carbon innovation at the firm level. Using patent application data of publicly-listed firms in China between 2003 and 2015, we find that the ETS pilots induced innovation in low-carbon technologies. The more active pilots—measured by carbon price and turnover rate of allowance trading—are associated with more intense low-carbon innovation.
A Study on Role Behaviors in Virtual Environment

With the constant development of the study on intelligent virtual environment, it has become a hot research topic of the current virtual environment field that researches and analyses on initiative perception of role behaviors in virtual environment are carried out through computer technology. In this paper, the author classifies features of role behaviors in virtual environment through SOM algorithm and trains the computer to carry out automatic behavior identification so as to establish a role behaviors cognition model in virtual environment based on SOM algorithm, providing a new method and a reference for the automatic identification of role behaviors in virtual environment.
ANÁLISIS DEL MANTENIMIENTO CORRECTIVO EN UN SISTEMA PRODUCTIVO DE ETIQUETAS TERMO-ENCOGIBLES, POR MEDIO DE CADENAS DE MARKOV

La aplicacion de Cadenas de Markov surte especial importancia a la hora de controlar procesos como de gestion de inventarios en el campo de la Ingenieria Industrial. Esta investigacion ilustra la aplicacion de esta tecnica de Investigacion de Operaciones, con el fin de analizar el comportamiento del mantenimiento correctivo alrededor de un sistema productivo que se dedica a la fabricacion de etiquetas termo-encogibles. Con el estudio de las probabilidades de estado estable del sistema, y el analisis de los tiempos medios de recurrencia y de primer paso, se evidencio que la politica de inventario actual para estos repuestos no suple la demanda para los fallos de estas bombas, y asi se pudo determinar una propuesta para replantear esta politica. DOI:http://dx.doi. org/10.21017/rimci.2016. v3.n6. a11
ON-LINE NETWORK SCHEDULING IN EMERGENCY OPERATION FOR MEDICAL RESOURCES WITH SINGLE-PROCESSOR SINGLE-DESTINATION

Emergency Management has received more and more attention in the recent years. Most research in this field focused on evacuation of victims from dangerous places to safe places, but little on allocation of medical resources to safe places and/or transportation tools to the dangerous places. This thesis studies the problem of delivering medical resources from medical centers to the temporary aid site in a disaster-affected area to help the wounded victims. In particular, this thesis describes a new algorithm for solving this problem. As requirements of medical resources for a disaster affected area are not known in advance, the problem is in the so-called on-line environment. The algorithm for such a problem is also called on-line algorithm. The evaluation criterion for such an on-line algorithm is the so-called competitive ratio. This thesis considers four cases of such a problem: (1) the capacity of vehicles for transporting medical resources and the number of vehicles are both infinite, (2) the capacity of vehicles is infinite but the number of vehicles is one, (3) the capacity of vehicles is finite and the number of vehicles is infinite, (4) the capacity of vehicles is finite and the number of vehicles is one. Algorithms for the four cases are called H1, H2, H3, and H4, ii
Mediterranean Sea climatic indices: monitoring long-term variability and climate changes

Abstract. We present a new product composed of a set of thermohaline climatic indices from 1950 to 2015 for the Mediterranean Sea such as decadal temperature and salinity anomalies, their mean values over selected depths, decadal ocean heat and salt content anomalies at selected depth layers as well as their long time series. It is produced from a new high-resolution climatology of temperature and salinity on a 1∕8∘ regular grid based on historical high-quality in situ observations. Ocean heat and salt content differences between 1980–2015 and 1950–1979 are compared for evaluation of the climate shift in the Mediterranean Sea. The two successive periods are chosen according to the standard WMO climate normals. The spatial patterns of heat and salt content shifts demonstrate that the climate changes differently in the several regions of the basin. Long time series of heat and salt content for the period 1950 to 2015 are also provided which indicate that in the Mediterranean Sea there is a net mean volume warming and salinification since 1950 that has accelerated during the last two decades. The time series also show that the ocean heat content seems to fluctuate on a cycle of about 40 years and seems to follow the Atlantic Multidecadal Oscillation climate cycle, indicating that the natural large-scale atmospheric variability could be superimposed onto the warming trend. This product is an observation-based estimation of the Mediterranean climatic indices. It relies solely on spatially interpolated data produced from in situ observations averaged over decades in order to smooth the decadal variability and reveal the long-term trends. It can provide a valuable contribution to the modellers' community, next to the satellite-based products, and serve as a baseline for the evaluation of climate-change model simulations, thus contributing to a better understanding of the complex response of the Mediterranean Sea to the ongoing global climate change. The product is available in netCDF at the following sources: annual and seasonal T∕S anomalies (https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.1408832), annual and seasonal T∕S vertical averaged anomalies (https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.1408929), annual and seasonal areal density of OHC/OSC anomalies (https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.1408877), annual and seasonal linear trends of T∕S, OHC/OSC anomalies (https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.1408917), annual and seasonal time series of T∕S, OHC/OSC anomalies (https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.1411398), and differences of two 30-year averages of annual and seasonal T∕S, OHC/OSC anomalies (https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.1408903).
Provider-Initiated HIV Counselling and Testing (PICT) in the Mentally Ill

The prevalence of HIV infection is substantially higher in mentally ill individuals than in the general population. Despite this, HIV testing is not yet standard practice among the mentally ill population, and many mental health settings do not encourage HIV testing. This paper discusses provider-initiated HIV counselling and testing (PICT) and some of the ethical dilemmas associated with it, on the basis that PICT may be used to increase the number of mentally ill persons tested for HIV. The authors conclude that PICT should be promoted to all psychiatric admissions and mentally ill individuals receiving outpatient services, and that this is within the parameters of existing policies and legislations in South Africa.
Aesthetic characteristics of the orthodontic wire with silver plating

Introduction: The aesthetics of orthodontic appliances represents one of the main concerns of patients receiving orthodontic treatment. A large number of orthodontic appliances have been composed of silver and have a metallic color. The aim of this study is to prepare esthetic orthodontic wires using silver electroplating. The color of the aesthetic wires was assessed using a devised colorimetric measurement method as described later. Materials and Methods: A silver-plated wire that we have developed and six brands of esthetic arch wires were assessed. These wires were measured three times using a colorimeter color system 1. Lightness (L*), 2. Hue (a* • b*), 3. Chroma (C*), were evaluated. The colors of these wires need to be compared with the natural tooth color. VITA shade A1 (VA1) as evaluation criteria was measured. Result: 1. In the L* value, the silver-plated wire was the closest to VA1 at 70.5 than (p<0.01). 2. Among the a* values, epoxy coating wire was the closest to VA1 at -1.3. 3. Among the b* and C* values, the silver-plated wire was the most approximate at 8.4 to VA1 (p<0.01). Discussion: The silver-plated wire was closest to the natural tooth color, lightness, chroma, hue. In the future, we are working on development of a more aesthetic wire.
Bargaining in the Shadow of the Law: A Testable Model of Strategic Behavior

PRETRIAL bargaining may be described as a game played in the shadow of the law. There are two possible outcomes: settlement out of court through bargaining, and trial, which represents a bargaining breakdown. The courts encourage private bargaining but stand ready to step from the shadows and resolve the dispute by coercion if the parties cannot agree. Bargaining is successful from an economic viewpoint if an efficient solution to the dispute is found at little cost. In technical language, a dispute is resolved successfully if a solution is found on the contract curve with little expenditure on search. The usual approach to bargaining in the legal setting assumes that trial is caused by excessive optimism on the part of plaintiff and defendant. ' If both parties are optimistic, then there is no way to split the stakes so that each receives as much as he or she expects to gain from trial. In these circumstances, trial is inevitable.
The impact of character branding through media: A case study of TV al-Hijrah’s Ustaz celebrity programme

This study was conducted to see how character branding of religious individual whose known as Ustaz Celebrity relates to the programs aired on TVAlhijrah, in accordance with its concept as an Islamic station which broadcast one hundred percent Islamic-oriented content. This study was conducted based on qualitative findings involving in-depth "face to face” interview and also through telephone conversations, used as a research instrument. The researcher also conducted a survey in which the questionnaires are distributed to tor TVAlhijrah’s viewers. Respondents are divided into several categories such as age, gender and education level. Data from respondents, used to measure the characteristics of an ustaz which suits the title of ustaz celebrity and how their celebrities characteristic be able to used helping TVAlhijrah broadcasting their Islamic content. Transcripts, coding and data analysis was conducted using qualitative analysis. The results of this study can be used in helping TV Alhijrah to find more people to become Ustaz Celebrity in the future. It can also be used as a guideline for all TV station to choose Ustaz Celebrity to be anchoring their programmes. Character branding strategy through Ustaz Celebrity will attract more viewers to tune into TV stations as an alternative electronic medium that is capable of providing Islamic content in accordance with the requirements of syariah (Syariah Compliance)
A Low Resolution Hydrogen-line Survey of the Magellanic System. II. Interpretation of Results

A low resolution (202) survey of the neutral hydrogen in the Magellanic Clouds has produced two important additions to our knowledge of the system. (1) A bridge of gas between the Small and Large Cloud has been mapped. (2) The Small Cloud profiles show double peaks over a wide area, suggesting the possibility of two substantially separate masses of gas.
A new method for a preliminary definition of a high–performance rudder for tuna purse seiners

ABSTRACT The aim of this paper is to provide a simple method for the definition of a rudder for tuna purse seiners. The model achieved by the application of this method ensures the manoeuvrability of initial turning, course keeping and yaw checking. For this, the results obtained by other authors, through rudder tests and manoeuvrability tests of fishing vessels have been integrated with the recommendations of the International Normative. Finally, in the paper the method is applied to the case of a tuna vessel, providing a rudder model which could be optimised with CFD (Computer Fluid Dynamics) in further tests. The method proposed can be applied to other vessels whose main dimensions are met.
Untoward obstetric outcome among Smokeless Tobacco (ST - Mishri) users in Western Maharashtra

Background: Use of tobacco and new products is increasing not only among men but also among children, teenagers, women of reproductive age group. Mishri (ST) is one among them. Smoking is an established cause of adverse pregnancy outcome. There are indications that using smokeless tobacco could be as detrimental to fetal health as cigarette smoking. Objective: To compare the outcome of pregnancy among women who were using Mishri during pregnancy and those not using it at Krishna hospital, Karad. Materials and Methods: Pregnant women using Mishri during pregnancy were selected for study from Krishna hospital, Karad and equal numbers of pregnant women not using tobacco were selected as comparison group after matching for age and parity. Observations: The proportion of pregnant women using Mishri during pregnancy was 12%. A significant number of users was found to be anemic (69.8%). Significantly higher number of Mishri users experienced complications like Oligohydramnios, fetal distress, delivery before EDD (91.9%) and birth of Low birth weight babies (81.7%) with short stature and increased Ponderal Index. Conclusion: Special attention should be given to avoid or at least reduce the use of Mishri during pregnancy as a part of routine antenatal care to reduce the adverse perinatal outcome. DOI: http://dx.doi. org/10.3329/bjms.v13i4. 15215 Bangladesh Journal of Medical Science Vol.13(4) 2014 p.401-405
Model of Customer Service, Belongingness and Satisfaction: A Multidisciplinary Analysis of Needs in Ghanaian Banking Sector

The study sought to conceptualise a model to predict the elements of customer service that affect customers' sense of belongingness and satisfaction. Using structured questionnaires, data collection was done from a sample of two hundred (200) customers of selected commercial banks in Ghana. The study identified customer service, personnel attitude and environment as the customer service elements as predictors of customers' sense of belongingness and satisfaction. The study also revealed a positive relationship between all the elements of customer service and customer sense of belongingness. In addition, a positive correlation between customer sense of belongingness and customer retention was identified. However, the environmental element was found to be the most important element both for customer sense of belongingness and satisfaction. In conclusion, the study result suggests that for firms in the banking sector to be able to increase their customer retention, they should focus on the customers' satisfaction and sense of belongingness to the organisation.
Gender in the jungle : a critical assessment of women and gender in current ( 2014 – 2016 ) forestry research

Fields and forests are gendered spaces. Women’s crucial contributions to productive and reproductive work within and beyond the household have been made visible since the 1970s. There has also been a persistent call for mainstreaming gender in sustainable development and environmental concerns. Prior work discusses the importance of women and gender for forests, and provides guidelines and methods to integrate them in forestry research. This paper assesses the uptake of women and gender issues in recent (2014–2016) forestry research. We found that women and gender concerns are still largely absent or inadequately addressed in forestry research published in scientific journals. Despite the call for greater gender integration in forestry, much needs to be done in quantitative and qualitative terms to meet this goal.
Prevalence of Intake of Dietary Supplements in the Population of Saudi Arabia– Jeddah

Background: Several studies have shown micro-nutrient deficiencies in the Middle East region. Prominent defects in vitamin D, folate, and iron were especially noted. There are not many studies currently that tell us about the prevalence of dietary supplement intake in Saudi Arabia. Aim: The aim was to observe the current prevalence of dietary supplement use in Saudi Arabia. We will also attempt to elicit the reason they take the supplements, and how it affects their overall quality of life. Method: Cross-sectional study among 489 Saudi patients was without any exclusion criteria using a standard questionnaire. The study was held at the endocrinology department of King Abdul Aziz Hospital & Oncology Center in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia. Results: The overall prevalence of multivitamin, mineral and supplement intake in the Saudi population was found to be 22%. Among them 16% were male and 24% were female. Conclusion: Healthcare providers must spread more awareness about the potential benefits of dietary supplements in preventing non-communicable diseases.