Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Circuit Training with Interval Ratio at a Different Altitude Enhanced the Maxymum Oxygen Volume Basket Ball Athletes

The purposes of this study was analyzed: 1) Effect of circuit training with interval ratio to increase in VO2 Max 2) Effect of elevation of exercise site to increase VO2 Max. 3) The effect of interaction between the circuit training with the interval ratio and the height of the training site on the increase in VO2 Max. The research method used is experimental method. Population in this research was atlet Regency of Bangli and Buleleng Regency. The sample in this study was a Basketball athlete. Data collection techniques using MFT. Technique of data analysis using Analysis of Two Path Variant. Results of data analysis at significance level α = 0.05 as follows: (1) VO2 Max athletes trained with circuit training with 1: 1 interval ratio (mean = 42.34) better than athletes trained by circuit training with ratio interval 1: 3 (mean = 39,13) obtained statistical value 10,395 with significance 0,002. (2) VO2 High-trained maxs (mean = 42.12) better than low-trained athletes (mean = 39,30) obtained statistical value of 7,784 with significance 0.007. (3) There is interaction influence between circuit training with interval ratio with altitude of exercise place obtained statistical value 49,785 with significance 0,000. The conclusion of the results of this study is that the hypothesis has been proved to be true, that circuit training with a 1: 1 interval ratio is better than circuit training with a 1: 3 interval ratio, and upland exercise is better than lowland exercise and interaction effects between the circuit training with the interval ratio and the height of the training ground. Circuit training with 1:1 interval ratio in the highlands is more appropriate.
Several projection algorithms for solving the split equality problem

The split equality problem (SEP) has extraordinary utility and broad applicability in many areas of applied mathematics. Many researchers studied the SEP and proposed algorithms to solve it. However, there are only convergence results of the algorithms in their results and is no estimate on the rate of the convergence. In this paper, we introduce three projection algorithms for solving the split equality problem (SEP), two of which are self-adaptive. The global rate of convergence is firstly investigated. One algorithm is proved to have a global convergence rate O(1/k) and two other algorithms have a global convergence rate O(1/k2). Key–Words: Split equality problem; Split feasibility problem; Self-adaptive algorithm; Global rate of convergence; Fast algorithm.
Clinical Reasoning: Implications and Strategies for Postgraduate Medical Education

Corresponding Author: Asela Olupeliyawa, E-mail asela@medarc.cmb. ac.lk https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7665-6458 Competing Interests: Author has declared that no competing interests exist This is an open-access article distributed under a Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 4.0 International License (CC BY-SA 4.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are attributed and materials are shared under the same license.
Soybean Oil in Horses’ Diets

There is interest in the use of oils and fat in horses’ diets aiming to increase energy consumption by animals with high energy requirements, provide essential fatty acids, increase the absorption of fat-soluble vitamins, reduction of the caloric increment, increase energy efficiency and reduce dust from ration avoiding upper respiratory tract diseases (Palmiquist, 1988). High-performance athletic horses are usually fed diets with high inclusion levels of grain to reach energy requirements, which can cause intestinal acidosis, gastrointestinal mucosal injury and disorders in the microbial ecosystem, causing colic and laminitis. According to Holland et al. (1996), horses fed diets with oil reduced the activity and excitability. Horses use non-structural carbohydrates such starch, maltose and sucrose as a primary source of energy, being hydrolyzed and absorbed as glucose in the small intestine. However, intestinal amylase activity is limited in the equine species and, because of the low stomach capacity, providing large amounts of starch in the diet compromises digestion in the small intestine, increasing intake of rapidly fermentable carbohydrate in the coloncecum, which may contribute to metabolic complications such as endotoxemy, colic and laminitis (NRC, 2007). Critical capacity for overload of hydrolysable carbohydrate digestion is approximately 0.4% of horse body weight (Potter et al., 1992). It is known that the intake of concentrate containing high levels of fats presents some advantages in metabolic point of view and this kind of diet can reduce the risk of gastrointestinal disturbances, because the intake of fat stimulates the flow of digesta in the jejunum and ileum (Meyer et al., 1997). Oils and fats are used in horse diets to replace the hydrolysable and rapidly fermentable carbohydrates that are present in grains and cereals (Frape, 2004). Oils and fats addition in the diets of high activities sport horses aim to reach the high energy requirements and, according to NRC (2007), the increase on performance of athletic horses fed diets containing oils is due to better the energy / weight relation, with a reduction in dry matter intake and gastrointestinal tract weight; lower metabolic heat production associated to digestion and exercise; greater physical performance resulting from a lower muscle glycogen use, best performance in short distance running energy from anaerobic glycolysis and acidemia reduction during high intensity exercise. High fat level diets reduce the activity of lipase in adipose tissue and increase their activity in muscle, increase muscle glycogen stores, increasing the energy of the glycolytic pathway,
A TV-Gaussian prior for infinite-dimensional Bayesian inverse problems and its numerical implementations

Many scientific and engineering problems require to perform Bayesian inferences in function spaces, where the unknowns are of infinite dimension. In such problems, choosing an appropriate prior distribution is an important task. In particular, when the function to infer is subject to sharp jumps, the commonly used Gaussian measures become unsuitable. On the other hand, the so-called total variation (TV) prior can only be defined in a finite-dimensional setting, and does not lead to a well-defined posterior measure in function spaces. In this work we present a TV-Gaussian (TG) prior to address such problems, where the TV term is used to detect sharp jumps of the function, and the Gaussian distribution is used as a reference measure so that it results in a well-defined posterior measure in the function space. We also present an efficient Markov Chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) algorithm to draw samples from the posterior distribution of the TG prior. With numerical examples we demonstrate the performance of the TG prior and the efficiency of the proposed MCMC algorithm.
Optimization of Flapping Airfoils for Maximum Thrust and Propulsive Efficiency

A numerical optimization algorithm based on the steepest decent along the variation of the optimization function is implemented for maximizing the thrust and/or propulsive efficiency of a single flapping airfoil. Unsteady, low speed laminar flows are computed using a Navier-Stokes solver on moving overset grids. The flapping motion of the airfoil is described by a combined sinusoidal plunge and pitching motion. Optimization parameters are taken to be the amplitudes of the plunge and pitching motions, and the phase shift between them. Computations are performed in parallel in a work station cluster. The numerical simulations show that high thrust values may be obtained at the expense of reduced efficiency. For high efficiency in thrust generation, the induced angle of attack of the airfoil is reduced and large scale vortex formations at the leading edge are prevented.
Priority Programme 1962 On the Relation between MPECs and Optimization Problems in Abs-normal Form

We show that the problem of unconstrained minimization of a function in abs-normal form is equivalent to identifying a certain stationary point of a counterpart Mathematical Program with Equilibrium Constraints (MPEC). Hence, concepts introduced for the abs-normal forms turn out to be closely related to established concepts in the theory of MPECs. We give a number of proofs of equivalence or implication for the kink qualiﬁcations LIKQ and MFKQ. We also show that the counterpart MPEC always satisﬁes MPEC-ACQ. We then consider non-smooth nonlinear optimization problems (NLPs) where both the objective function and the constraints are presented in abs-normal form. We show that this extended problem class also has a counterpart MPEC problem.
1 Detecting attention through Telepresence

Attention is the cognitive process of selectively concentrating on one aspect of the environment while ignoring other things. As such, attention is one of the most intensely studied topics within psychology and cognitive neuroscience. In this paper, we present a way to detect attention during a remote communication session. Our approach considers the difference between face-to-face and remote communication. In the first case, participants directly share the physical space, information, and emotional cues, while a remote communication scenario will be hampered by some limitations. To address these, we enhance awareness by adding a cognitive reaction to an event: the system is aware if the user is conscious about the discussion topic and individual/global performance. In our research, we consider attention as a particular feature of awareness. We measure the attention level, based on user activities and his facial expressions. Activities are performed by participants during a remote video conferencing, trough mouse clicks and keystrokes. Each user’s face is analyzed to find the values of seven basic emotional states: neutral, happy, sad, fear, disgust, surprise and angry, following the codification of “universal emotions” suggested in the psychology field.
Optical and X-ray rest-frame light curves of the BAT6 sample

Aims. We present the rest-frame light curves in the optical and X-ray bands of an unbiased and complete sample of the Swift long gamma-ray bursts (GRBs), namely, the BAT6 sample.Methods. The unbiased BAT6 sample (consisting of 58 events) has the highest level of completeness in redshift (~95%), allowing us to compute the rest-frame X-ray and optical light curves for 55 and 47 objects, respectively. We compute the X-ray and optical luminosities, which accounte for any possible source of absorption (Galactic and intrinsic) that could affect the observed fluxes in these two bands.Results. We compare the behaviour observed in the X-ray to that in the optical bands to assess the relative contribution of the emission during the prompt and afterglow phases. We unarguably demonstrate that rest-frame optical luminosity distribution of the GRBs is not bimodal and is clustered around the mean value Log(LR) = 29.9 ± 0.8 when estimated at a rest-frame time of 12 h. This is in contrast to what is found in previous works and confirms that the GRB population has an intrinsic unimodal luminosity distribution. For more than 70% of the events, the rest-frame light curves in the X-ray and optical bands have a different evolution, indicating distinct emitting regions and/or mechanisms. The X-ray light curves, which are normalised to the GRB isotropic energy (Eiso), provide evidence for X-ray emission that is still powered by the prompt emission until late times (~hours after the burst event). On the other hand, the same test performed for the Eiso-normalised optical light curves shows that the optical emission is a better proxy of the afterglow emission from early to late times.
CHARACTERIZING DOWNWARDS CLOSED, STRONGLY FIRST-ORDER, RELATIVIZABLE DEPENDENCIES

Abstract In Team Semantics, a dependency notion is strongly first order if every sentence of the logic obtained by adding the corresponding atoms to First-Order Logic is equivalent to some first-order sentence. In this work it is shown that all nontrivial dependency atoms that are strongly first order, downwards closed, and relativizable (in the sense that the relativizations of the corresponding atoms with respect to some unary predicate are expressible in terms of them) are definable in terms of constancy atoms. Additionally, it is shown that any strongly first-order dependency is safe for any family of downwards closed dependencies, in the sense that every sentence of the logic obtained by adding to First-Order Logic both the strongly first-order dependency and the downwards closed dependencies is equivalent to some sentence of the logic obtained by adding only the downwards closed dependencies.
Virtual Mirror With Virtual Human Using Kinect Sensor

This paper proposes a real time image processing approach and a virtual dressing room application to enable users to try virtual garments and shoes on in front of a virtual mirror. A virtual representation of the user appears in a virtual changing room. The user’s hand motions select the clothes from a list on the screen. Afterwards the selected virtual clothes appears on a humanoid model in the virtual mirror. For the purpose of aligning the 3D garments and shoes with the model, 3D locations of the joints are used for positioning, scaling and rotating. Then, we apply skin colour detection on video to handle the unwanted occlusions of the user and the model. To create a more realistic effect, the system takes into account different images of the clothes according to different human poses and movements. By using optional mirror selection buttons, it is possible to have multiple viewing angles on the model. Additionally, we developed an algorithm for matching up all motions between the virtual clothes and model. In this study, we benefit from the Microsoft Kinect SDK in order to follow the user’s movements, coordinate the suitable clothe try-ons and provide depth sort effect to the human body and clothes.
Measurement of the electron-antineutrino correlation in neutron beta decay: aCORN experiment

The aCORN experiment uses a novel asymmetry method to measure the electron-antineutrino correlation (a-coefficient) in free neutron decay that does not require precision proton spectroscopy. aCORN completed two physics runs at the NIST Center for Neutron Research. The first run on the NG-6 beam line in 2013--2014 obtained the result a = 0.1090 +/- 0.0030 (stat) +/- 0.0028 (sys), a total uncertainty of 3.8%. The second run on the new NG-C high flux beam line promises an improvement in precision to <2%.
Mining Performance Knowledge in User Logs

Software performance is a critical aspect for all software products. In terms of software operation data, it concerns knowledge about the software product's performance when it is used by the end-users. In this paper, we suggest data mining techniques that can be used to analyze software operation data, in order to extract knowledge about the performance of a software product when it operates in the field. Focusing on Software-as-a-Service application, we present the Performance Mining Method to guide the process of performance monitoring (in terms of device demands and responsiveness) and analysis (finding the causes of the identified performance anomalies). The method has been evaluated through a prototype, which was implemented for an online financial management application.
Immune thrombocytopenia in the newborn

The leading cause of moderate or severe thrombocytopenia in otherwise healthy appearing neonates is immune thrombocytopenia. Immune thrombocytopenia in the fetus or newborn may result from platelet alloantibodies against paternal antigens inherited by the fetus (alloimmune thrombocytopenia) or platelet autoantibodies in the mother with immune thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP). Only 10% of human platelet antigen (HPA)-1a negative mothers who are exposed to HPA-1a positive fetal platelets during pregnancy develop HPA-1a alloantibodies, and 30% of fetuses/neonates will develop thrombocytopenia and 20% of these cases being severe. The most serious complication of severe fetal and neonatal alloimmune thrombocytopenia (FNAIT) is intracranial hemorrhage (ICH), which is detected in 10-20% of affected fetuses/neonates, with most cases occurring antenatally. ICH leads to neurological sequelae in 20%, and deaths in 5-10% cases. There is no evidence-based optimal treatment strategy. Platelet antibody titration in maternal plasma is not helpful for decision-making. The best indicator for current pregnancy is the outcome of the previous pregnancy. The risk of recurrence among subsequent HPA-positive sibling is close to 100% where the previous sibling was affected with antenatal intracranial ICH. The risk of ICH becomes higher with more severe and earlier onset in each subsequent pregnancy. Serial platelet counts should be obtained for the first 5-7 days of delivery to keep the platelet counts higher than 30,000/µL without active bleeding and higher that 50,000-100,000/µL with active bleeding. Intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) is not alternative to platelet transfusions, since platelet counts don’t rise before 24-48 h. In platelet- transfused patients, IVIG can be given to potentially prolong the survival of the incompatible platelets. ITP during pregnancy is not considered a serious risk of perinatal bleeding, but may cause a moderate thrombocytopenia in neonate. In mothers with ITP, the risk of thrombocytopenia is only 10%, with no more than 1% risk of in utero ICH.
Gamma Knife Radiosurgery: An Overview of Physics, Chemistry, Biology and Neuro-medicine

The gamma knife is a highly specialized treatment unit that provides an advanced sophisticated stereotactic approach to treatment of tumour and vascular malformations within the internal structure of the head. The gamma knife delivers a single high dose of radiation emanating from 201 cobalt- 60 unit sources. All 201 beam simultaneously intersect at the same time in a pre-defined location. The treatment planning system for gamma knife radiosurgery has been developed using nonlinear programming techniques. The system optimizes the shot sizes, location and weights for gamma knife treatments. Open stereotactic technique in the 1990’s was essential for the treatment of a number of functional conditions and cystic space occupying lesions. It has an important part to play in the investigation of tumours and can help to increase the number which are accessible to treatment. It can be employed to guide not only solid instruments but also ionizing irradiation to “masslesion – targets”. It is just this combination of stereotactic guidance and narrow beam, high energy radiation to precisely defined target, is the basis of gamma knife radiosurgery . The topic on radiological physics presents a broad field, which includes physics of radiation therapy, diagnosis and nuclear medicine. The emphasis is on the basic physical principles which form a common foundation for these areas. Consequently, the topic provides both basic radiation physics, physical aspects of treatment planning and use of radiation beams. Some knowledge of the effect of ionizing radiation on living tissues is necessary, for those who wish to understand the nature of any treatment using radiation and who also wish to inform patients about such treatment. The topic relates to the effects of radiation on visible structures, in other words, cells and tissues. The radiobiological knowledge described here has been developed in relation to standard radiotherapy. Moreover, the linear quadratic model of cell killing is also applicable for single dose irradiation. DOI: 10.3329/jbcps.v28i2. 5370 J Bangladesh Coll Phys Surg 2010; 28: 100-112
Mycotoxins in feeds and their fate in animals: a review

Mycotoxins are secondary metabolites secreted by moulds, mostly belonging to the three genera Aspergillus, Penicillium and Fusarium. They are produced in cereal grains as well as for- ages before, during and after harvest, in various environmental conditions. Due to the diversity of their toxic effects and their synergetic properties, mycotoxins are considered as risky to the consum- ers of contaminated foods. Mycotoxin metabolism is complex and involves pathways of bioactivation and detoxification in both humans and animals. Detoxification occurs via biotransformation mediated by enzymes in the host cells and in the digestive microbial flora. Some of the toxins or their metabolites may become fixed in animal or human tissues. However, most are elim- inated in the urine, faeces and milk. In animals, toxicity is generally revealed as chronic minor trou- bles and only rarely causes death. The presence of mycotoxins in feeds may decrease feed intake and affect animal performance. In addition, the possible presence of toxic residues in edible animal prod- ucts (milk, meat, offal), may have some detrimental effects on human health. Maximum acceptable doses in feeds and milk have been set for certain mycotoxins by international authorities. The poten- tial risks of mycotoxins may be controlled by checking plant material for fungal contamination, by improving methods of cultivation, harvest and storage, by eliminating or diluting toxins from the con- taminated food or feeds, and by using adsorbents to reduce the bioavailability of toxins in the diges- tive tracts of animals. These measures will be assessed in the present paper. mycotoxins / feeds / ruminants / detoxification / rumen microbes
A Novel Approach in Extraction of 3D Point using Scale Invariant Feature Transform for Underwater Objects

The objective of the present paper is to design “an autonomous system to build 3D model of underwater objects” The design of the present system is one of the most critical factors which affect the quality of the software and has a major impact on the later phases, in particular testing as well as maintenance. Further, system design aims to identify the modules that should be in the system, the specification of these modules and interaction with each other to produce the expected results. At the end of the system design all the major data structures, file formats, output formats as well as major modules in the system and their specifications decide the image enhancement.
The relation between stellar magnetic field geometry and chromospheric activity cycles - I. The highly variable field of Eps Eridani at activity minimum

The young and magnetically active K dwarf Epsilon Eridani exhibits a chromospheric activity cycle of about 3 years. Previous reconstructions of its large-scale magnetic field show strong variations at yearly epochs. To understand how Epsilon Eridani's large-scale magnetic field geometry evolves over its activity cycle we focus on high cadence observations spanning 5 months at its activity minimum. Over this timespan we reconstruct 3 maps of Epsilon Eridani's large-scale magnetic field using the tomographic technique of Zeeman Doppler Imaging. The results show that at the minimum of its cycle, Epsilon Eridani's large-scale field is more complex than the simple dipolar structure of the Sun and 61 Cyg A at minimum. Additionally we observe a surprisingly rapid regeneration of a strong axisymmetric toroidal field as Epsilon Eridani emerges from its S-index activity minimum. Our results show that all stars do not exhibit the same field geometry as the Sun and this will be an important constraint for the dynamo models of active solar-type stars.