Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Manixonomics, or the Grand Unified Inter-Galactic Theory of Economic History

In this paper, we introduce the Grand Unified Inter-Galactic Theory of Economics. A Grand Unified Theory is the Holy Grail of a number of fields. (The search for a Grand Unified Theory of Physics still continues.) In this paper, we present a grand unified theory of economics that makes the following claims. One, it claims that one answer to the question of what will be the End of History is that the world – in fact, any world in the Universe that has sentient beings and meets certain criteria – with a certain likelihood will move inexorably towards a state of Mass Unemployment. There is a certain likelihood that this situation cannot be avoided and is the ultimate Fate of Human Societies . Two, the paper claims that one of the likely explanations for the Fermi Paradox is that since it is the most likely fate of all (human and alien) societies to end up in a situation of mass unemployment, it is politically impossible for this planet – and any planet in the Universe which has sentient beings – to expend too many resources in searching for alien life – given the situation of Mass Unemployment that is (with some probability) the End of History. Third, this paper presents an economic model that addresses the problem in Samuelsonian Economic Methods in that it introduces the dimension of time in the analysis of equilibria . Further to proving and exploring these results and theories, we juxtapose this Theory of Economic History with sample theories of organization behavior to show how the Theory is, in fact, making an altogether novel set of claims , including in the area of Inter-Galactic History. The chief claim in the area of Inter-galactic History is that the answer to the Fermi Paradox lies in the slope of a curve in P-Q space being nearly zero.
Enhanced thermoelectric performance of n‐type Bi2O2Se by Cl‐doping at Se site

The n-type polycrystalline Bi2O2Se1−xClx (0≤x≤0.04) samples were fabricated through solid-state reaction followed by spark plasma sintering. The carrier concentration was markedly increased to 1.38×1020 cm−3 by 1.5% Cl doping. The maximum electrical conductivity is 213.0 S/cm for x=0.015 at 823 K, which is much larger than 6.2 S/cm for pristine Bi2O2Se. Furthermore, the considerable enhancement of the electrical conductivity outweighs the moderate reduction of the Seebeck coefficient by Cl doping, thus contributing to a high power factor of 244.40 μ·WK−2·m−1 at 823 K. Coupled with the intrinsically suppressed thermal conductivity originating from the low velocity of sound and Young's modulus, a ZT of 0.23 at 823 K for Bi2O2Se0.985Cl0.015 was achieved, which is almost threefold the value attained in pristine Bi2O2Se. It reveals that Se-site doping can be an effective strategy for improving the thermoelectric performance of the layered Bi2O2Se bulks.
The Perspectives of Institutional and Resources Dependence in the Strategic Process of Organizational Adaptation: An Empirical Study in a Family-Run Business

The text offers a review of the perspectives of Institutional and Resource Dependence, and shows a practical application based on the analysis of organizational strategic adaptation in the case study of a family-run furniture manufacturer and retailer. While the institutional perspective emphasizes environmental determinism as an influencer of the organization's strategic responses, the Resource Dependence perspective emphasizes voluntarism as a key aspect in the response of organizational decision makers. The key factors for the study of strategies proposed in the adaptation process range from the degree of organizational compliance, dictated by the former, to resistance to institutional pressures, explained by the latter. This article aimed to show that in the process of organizational adaptation, both are important aspects of the decision making of organizational leaders. This research is of the exploratory type, with a qualitative approach. This type of approach involves interviews and observations, resulting in descriptions of the results and impressions of the events. The results of the interviews show that the transformations of the environment are partly due to the actions of managers, who seek to bring the characteristics of the environment more in line with the specific interests of their organizations.
Diversification, Efficiency and Risk of Banks: New Consolidating Evidence From Emerging Economies

This paper examines the impact of business diversification of banks on their risk, with efficiency taken into consideration as a conduit. Using bank-level data from more than 1400 commercial banks in 39 emerging economies during 2000-2016, we find that increased business diversification exerts two competing effects on bank risk, and overall reduces bank risk. The direct effect of increased diversification bolsters the stability of banks, but this is offset partially by the indirect effect of lowered efficiency, which increases the riskiness of banks. This provides a consolidating evidence on the competing arguments on the diversification-efficiency nexus in banking — the “diversification-premium” argument vs. the “diversification-discount” argument — with its extended implications on bank risk. In addition, we also present evidence that the diversification-bank risk nexus is heterogeneous on the bank size, market power and the ownership of banks, which provides useful policy implications for diversification strategies by bank managers as well as for the effective surveillance by bank regulators.
Brief Philosophy of Islamic Banks

This paper aims to motivate people to invest in the Islamic banks and improving Islamic economy in the country, and solve the problems that affect the ordinary financial and economic system, organizing our financial and economic activities through the Islamic bank. The researchers conclude many results, the main conclusion of this paper is that the Islamic economy appeared and developed with the emergence of Islam, and has past many steps to reach a level that in some countries it’s now a strong and reliable system along with the other contemporary traditional system. They also recommend using the Islamic banking system in all countries, especially in the developing countries due to it sustainability.
Pauses and Reversals of Infant Mortality Decline in India in 2017 and 2018

This note examines recent trends in infant mortality in India, based on summary reports from the Sample Registration System (SRS). We find evidence of slowdown, pauses, and reversals in infant mortality decline in large parts of India in 2017 and 2018, the last two years for which SRS data are available. In urban areas, the infant mortality rate stagnated at 23 deaths per 1,000 births between 2016 and 2018. Worse, overall infant mortality increased in the poorer states of Chhattisgarh, Jharkhand, Madhya Pradesh, and Uttar Pradesh in this period. This occurred despite sustained improvements in household access to sanitation and clean fuel. One possible interpretation of these findings is that, in addition to their impact on unemployment and poverty, the demonetization experiment in late 2016 and the subsequent economic slowdown had an adverse effect on child health. In any case, these trends reinforce earlier evidence of faltering human development in India in recent years.
Modelling Volatility of BSE Realty Index Using Conditional Heteroscedasticity Models

This study empirically examines the nature of volatility in BSE Realty Index using daily closing price of BSE Realty Index for five and half years period from January 2011 to June 2016. The study employs both conditional heteroscedasticity models, both symmetric and asymmetric, for the analysis. The results show that the volatility is persistent in the Index return indicating the presence of volatility clustering in the series. Further, the paper reports the presence of asymmetric or leverage effect in the series as the leverage coefficient γ is significant in EGARCH model indicating that negative shocks have significant effect on volatility. However, the study does not find significant risk-return trade-off in the series.
Employee Cash Profit-Sharing and Earnings Management

This paper examines how a firm’s employment policy, particularly employee cash profit-sharing plans, affects its financial reporting. We find that firms with employee cash profit-sharing programs are more likely to engage in downward earnings management to reduce labor costs, especially with decreasing performance. This effect is more evident in firms with higher labor costs and human-capital reliant firms. Our findings are robust to a variety of model specifications and endogeneity problems.
ADUBAÇÃO COM SILÍCIO: INFLUÊNCIA SOBRE AS PRINCIPAIS DOENÇAS E SOBRE PRODUTIVIDADE DO ARROZ IRRIGADO POR INUNDAÇÃO / SILICON FERTILIZATION: ITS INFLUENCE ON SOME OF THE MOST IMPORTANT DISEASES AND YIELD OF FLOODEDRICE CROP

Este trabalho teve por objetivo principal verificar o efeito de doses de silicio sobre s principais doencas e sobre a produtividade do arroz irrigado por inundacâo no Estado do Tocantins. Na safra 1999/2000, corn 30 digs de antecedencia do plantio, a silica foi incorporada ao solo. 0 ensaio foi instalado no Campo em delineamento de blows ao acaso corn cinco tratamentos e leis repetiOes. Os tratamentos consistiram em doses de metasilicato (42% Si}/ha, sendo: T1= Testemunha, T2= 1000 kg, T3= 2000 kg, T4= 4000 kg e T5= 60(3 kg. Major severidade de brusone foliar foi observada na area sem silica (testemunha) que diferiu estatisticamente da T5 clue proporcionou menor severidade da brusone nas folhas. 0 aumento na dose de silicio nao afetou a incidencia da brusone nas paniculas. Corn relayao a mancha-dos-graos, nao foram detectadas diferenCas estatisticas quarto a incidencia e severidade corn as diferentes doses de silicio. Makwes niveis de produtividadeforam verificados com a aplicactao de doses a partir de 4000 kg die silicato de calcioJha.
Factors Affecting the Acceptance of Internet and E-Business Technologies (IEBT): Case of Technology-based Spin-offs

Today, as firms become more competitive in their fields, the use of internet and e-business technologies is becoming an integral part of the firms' activities- especially in technology based spin-offs. Indeed, they cannot improve their performance if they do not take advantage of these initiatives. On the other hand, nascent spin-offs in new technologies are facing lots of problems due to the lack of appropriate use of internet based technologies. One of the main problems is the acceptance of Internet and E-Business Technologies (IEBT) in such companies. Then, in this paper, the authors try to investigate the elements which affect their acceptance. Authors use technology-organization-environment (TOE) framework to examine the hypotheses. Findings reveal that all the factors were influential other than complexity, IS vendors' support, firm size, and industry type.
Pricing Tactic Persuasion Knowledge in Retail Industry

Pricing Tactic Persuasion Knowledge refers to consumer’s awareness about the strategies and tactics that firms employ to convince them to buy a product and the motives behind the usage of such strategies. So, marketers leave no stone unturned to persuade the customers with various pricing tactics. If the customer infers pricing tactics used by a brand as manipulative, all the efforts put in by marketers go in vain and sometimes results might go negatively. Research shows that consumers having higher level of pricing tactic persuasion knowledge, tend to react negatively to persuasive pricing tactics. When customer perceives an action as attempt to persuade, they view the communication differently. It plays a major role in the retail segment when the managers decrease the price and decrease the quantity. With the persuasion knowledge the customer acquired from experience, the customer figures out that the price reduction is due to the reduction in the quantity.
Engineering Effect of Quality of Work Life and Employee Engagement Toward Turnover Intention

This research is conducted to know the effect of Quality of Work Life and Employee Engagement toward Turnover Intention on sales employees of PT. Telkom Indonesia in Home Service 1 Witel Bandung. The present research uses a quantitative method, which is research descriptive and causal. Sampling is conducted by using a non-probability sampling method with saturation sampling, and the number of respondents is 54 people. The data analysis technique used is descriptive analysis and multiple linear regression analysis. Based on questionnaire results, the response of respondents regarding the quality of work-life and employee engagement is in a good category, and the response of respondents regarding turnover intention is in the extremely low category. In the hypothesis testing result, it is concluded that the variable of quality of work-life (X1) partially does not give effect significantly on turnover intention, while employee engagement (X2) partially gives effect and significant on turnover intention. The result of determination coefficient test (R2) obtains a value of 0,28. It shows that the quality of work-life and employee engagement have an effect on turnover intention of 28,0%, and the remaining 72,0% is affected by other factors which are not examined in this research.
Inducing Perspective-Taking for Prosocial Behaviour in Natural Resource Management

Abstract Natural resource management often involves social dilemmas which other-regarding preferences and pro-social behaviour can help overcome. Interventions that induce resource users to consider a perspective broader than their own may help promote pro-social behaviour. Such interventions are often applied in participatory resource management approaches. To the best of our knowledge, nonetheless, no previous study has isolated and assessed the effect of inducing perspective-taking on natural resource users’ prosocial behaviour. In this study, we do so in the context of watershed management. We conducted a lab-in-the-field experiment with downstream farmers in a Peruvian watershed. In the experiment, participants were induced to imagine the perspective of upstream farmers before deciding on a donation that can help the latter improve their well-being without compromising the water supply downstream. We find that inducing perspective-taking increases unilateral prosocial behaviour. This effect cannot fully be explained by the additional information on the social and ecological characteristics of the watershed received during the perspective-taking experience. Rather the effect of the perspective-taking intervention is likely to work by inducing other-regarding preferences. Our results contribute to the study of pro-social behaviour in natural resource management and the ways in which it could be induced by interventions targeting other-regarding preferences. Jel D01, D64, D91, C93, Q25, Q57.
Understanding DevOps & Bridging the Gap from Continuous Integration to Continuous Delivery

DevOps is considered an emerging concept that is seen by various experts as a strong solution in eliminating the traditional division and barriers that exist between the operations and developers in many organizations today. As the adoption of Agile transition has occurred in the last few years, IT companies have begun to incorporate continuous integration concepts in their software development lifecycle, and therefore improving the efficiency and reliability of the overall development process. The biggest advantage of DevOps is its quick and regular product updates in continuous delivery of software. These features allow fast responses to customers' evolving needs. This is a huge benefit for businesses looking at gaining a competitive advantage over other market players. Continuous delivery is dependent on efficient teamwork and automation to respond to various customer needs faster. It is now known that the time spent on formalizing and integrating processes, alone, does not accelerate delivery speed or promote overall organizational performance. If the whole delivery chain functions smoothly, efficiency in an organization will be achieved. This paper will focus on the concept of DevOps as well as how the gaps from continuous integration to continuous delivery can be bridged. The information that will be covered will involve how the aspects of DevOps apply to different SDLC phases in terms of customer needs, how to switch from continuous integration to continuous delivery, including the various benefits. It briefly discusses different factors one must think about before implementing DevOps, including the advantages that one might expect.
IFRS Voluntary Adoption Effect on the Value Relevance of Accounting Information: Evidence from Japanese Listed Firms

This paper investigates whether accounting information of firms that voluntarily adopted IFRS provides incremental information to the capital market, using a sample of Japanese listed firms that disclosed reconciling items from Japanese Generally Accepted Accounting Principles (J-GAAP) to International Financial Reports Standards (IFRS) when they transfer from J-GAAP to IFRS for the first time. In details, applying level models, I tested the incremental content of reconciliation from J-GAAP to IFRS for investors interested in J-GAAP- and IFRS-based accounting numbers, respectively. The results show that the reconciliation items do have incremental information for IFRS-based other than J-GAAP-based accounting information users.
Uncertain Talking at Central Bank’s Press Conference: News or Noise?

We show that the uncertain talking at the European Central Bank’s press conference raises stock returns of the Eurozone. By decomposing the uncertain talking into two types, we find that the positive returns are driven by one type, the average meaning of which is represented by words "risk”, "uncertainty”, "volatility”, and "turbulence”. This type is related to uncertain and unfavorable environments, which is negative news that lowers returns. However, an increase in this type also signals expansionary monetary policies in the future, which is positive news that raises returns. We find further evidence to imply that the latter channel dominates.
Masking Real Unemployment: The Overall and Racial Impact of Survey Non-Response on Measured Labor Market Outcomes

A large and growing percentage of households are missed in the monthly Current Population Survey (CPS). For the survey as a whole, the rate of nonresponse is roughly 13 percent. This is higher for Blacks, with the share for young Black men being about 30 percent. The BLS’s current methodology effectively assumes that, with adjustment for various characteristics, people who are not included in a follow-up survey may not differ systematically from those who are included. The present paper, however, provides evidence that this may not be the case. With the rotation panel structure of the CPS data from 2003 to 2019, we investigate bias from nonresponse in CPS and its association with one’s prior labor market status, paying particular attention to how the relationship differs by race, ethnicity, and gender. Our analysis suggests that people are considerably more likely to be missing in a subsequent observation if they are unemployed or not in the labor force in the prior observation. We also estimate what the real labor market outcomes might have been when adjusting for nonresponse and undercoverage. Findings indicate that the current methodology may underestimate the national unemployment and labor force participation rates by about 0.7 and 0.5 percentage points, respectively. The gap between observed and adjusted unemployment rates tends to grow beginning in 2015. The unemployment rate is more understated for Blacks than for whites, particularly with a gap of about 3.3 percentage points for young Black men (age 16 to 34). The unemployment rate for Black women is understated by around 2.4 percentage points.
Telekom Malaysia Berhad: A Study of Relationship Between Performance (ROA) And Internal and External Factors

The study’s aim is an attempt to determine the altogether performance of Telekom Malaysia Berhad which involved two main factors of internal (firm-specific) and external (macroeconomics) factors of Telekom Malaysia. This data was interpreted and collected Telekom Malaysia annual reports of five year period from 2014 to 2018. There are four risks involved which are liquidity risk, credit risk, operational risk, and market risk. Measurement of current ratio, quick ratio, average-collection period, debt to income ratio, operational ratio, and operating margin are used to examine the overall five years performance of Telekom Malaysia. Hence, to determine the relationship of these risk factors to the company’s performance, this study used liquidity risk, credit risk, operational risk, market risk, gross domestic products (GDP), inflation, interest rate, exchange rate, BETA, and corporate governance index. SPSS system is used to do data analysis in which by implementing step-wise method which applies the descriptive statistics, correlation, and model summary. Based on the data analysis, we can conclude that operational risk is the most significant to ROA since it gives the highest impact on performance of the company. Nonetheless, the other variables give low impact on the ROA and there is no significant related with.
Định dạng hàm sản xuất CES bằng phương pháp hồi qui phi tuyến tính Bayes (Specifying a CES Production Function Using a Bayesian Non-linear Regression)

<b>Vietnamese Abstract:</b> Đa phần các nghiên cứu tại Việt Nam sử dụng hàm sản xuất Cobb-Douglas và các biến thể của nó như một công cụ trong phân tích và dự báo kinh tế. Dạng hàm này có nhược điểm là các tiền đề của nó quá cứng nhắc mà không phù hợp với hiện thực trong nhiều trường hợp, đặc biệt trong phân tích động thái tăng trưởng kinh tế. Hàm CES (constant elasticity of substitution) với tiền đề linh hoạt hơn, cụ thể là hệ số co giãn giữa vốn và lao động khác một, được sử dụng ngày càng phổ biến. Do vậy, nghiên cứu này được thực hiện nhằm định dạng hàm CES dựa trên dữ liệu của các doanh nghiệp phi tài chính niêm yết trên thị trường chứng khoán Việt Nam. Bằng việc sử dụng phương pháp hồi quy phi tuyến tính Bayes thông qua thuật toán lấy mẫu Random-walk Metropolis Hastings (MH), tác giả khám phá rằng, hàm sản xuất được ước lượng cho các doanh nghiệp phi tài chính Việt Nam là dạng hàm CES với hệ số co giãn thay thế giữa vốn và lao động nhỏ hơn một, tức là lao động và vốn bổ sung nhau. Phát hiện này cho thấy nền kinh tế Việt Nam có thế đối diện với đa trạng thái dừng (multiple steady-states) và các bẫy nghèo đói (poverty traps) nên chưa đạt được các khả năng cho tăng trưởng nội sinh (endogenous growth). <br><br><b>English Abstract:</b> Most studies in Vietnam use the Cobb-Douglas production function and its variants as a tool in economic analysis and forecasting. A great disadvantage of this functional form is that its propositions are extremely rigid, which is not in agreement with reality in many cases, especially in analyzing economic dynamics. The CES (constant elasticity of substitution)function with more flexible propositions, namely the elasticity of substitution between capital and labor different from unity, is used more and more popularly. Therefore, this study was conducted to specify a CES function based on data of non-financial businesses listed on Vietnam's stock market. By using a Bayesian non-linear regression through the Random-walk Metropolis Hastings (MH) sampling algorithm, the author finds that the estimated production function for Vietnamese non-financial enterprises is a CES one with the elasticity of substitution between capital and labor smaller than one. This finding shows that Vietnam's economy might face multiple steady-states and poverty traps, so it has not yet reached the possibilities of endogenous growth