Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Communication between physicians and older women with localized breast cancer: implications for treatment and patient satisfaction.

PURPOSE To identify factors associated with patient-physician communication and to examine the impact of communication on patients' perception of having a treatment choice, actual treatment received, and satisfaction with care among older breast cancer patients. MATERIALS AND METHODS Data were collected from 613 pairs of surgeons and their older (greater-than-or-equal 67 years) patients diagnosed with localized breast cancer. Measures of patients' self-reported communication included physician- and patient-initiated communication and the number of treatment options discussed. Logistic regression analyses were conducted to examine the relationships between communication and outcomes. RESULTS Patients who reported that their surgeons mentioned more treatment options were 2.21 times (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.62 to 3.01) more likely to report being given a treatment choice, and 1.33 times (95% CI, 1.02 to 1.73) more likely to get breast-conserving surgery with radiation than other types of treatment. Surgeons who were trained in surgical oncology, or who treated a high volume of breast cancer patients (greater-than-or-equal 75% of practice), were more likely to initiate communication with patients (odds ratio [OR] = 1.62; 95% CI, 1.02 to 2.56; and OR = 1.68; 95% CI, 1.01 to 2.76, respectively). A high degree of physician-initiated communication, in turn, was associated with patients' perception of having a treatment choice (OR = 2.46; 95% CI, 1.29 to 4.70), and satisfaction with breast cancer care (OR = 2.13; 95% CI, 1.17 to 3.85) in the 3 to 6 months after surgery. CONCLUSION Greater patient-physician communication was associated with a sense of choice, actual treatment, and satisfaction with care. Technical information and caring components of communication impacted outcomes differently. Thus, the quality of cancer care for older breast cancer patients may be improved through interventions that improve communication within the physician-patient dyad.
Transplantation in Parkinson's disease: Two cases of adrenal medullary grafts to the putamen

Autologous adrenal medullary tissue was transplanted unilaterally to the putamen in two patients with severe Parkinson's disease. The first patient exhibited a transient, two‐day improvement of motor performance in the limbs contralateral to the implantation site. He also had significantly longer episodes of normal function for about two months. The second patient reported a minor improvement of balance and gait, again lasting for two months. Electrophysiological studies of the motor readiness and auditory evoked potentials were consistent with increased catecholaminergic activity in the basal ganglia after transplantation in both patients. Positron emission tomography showed no postoperative alteration of receptor density in the putamen. No significant adverse effects of the transplantation were observed in the patients' performance on neurological and psychological tests or in their quantitative electroencephalogram and cerebral blood flow recordings. Immediately after the grafting, one patient showed transient signs of sympathetic hyperactivity, probably caused by release of catecholamines from the implanted tissue into the peripheral circulation. We conclude that catecholamine‐rich cellular implants in the basal ganglia have transient beneficial effects in patients with severe Parkinson's disease.
Identification of a catabolic transposon, Tn4371, carrying biphenyl and 4-chlorobiphenyl degradation genes in Alcaligenes eutrophus A5

Alcaligenes eutrophus A5 catabolizes biphenyl to CO2 via benzoate and 4-chlorobiphenyl to 4-chlorobenzoate. In curing and conjugation experiments, the A5 endogenous 51-kb IncP1 plasmid pSS50 was found to be dispensable for biphenyl and 4-chlorobiphenyl catabolism. Transfer of the biphenyl- and 4-chlorobiphenyl-degrading phenotype by means of pSS50 was observed at a frequency of 10(-5) per transferred plasmid in matings of A5 with other A. eutrophus strains. Transconjugants harbor enlarged pSS50 derivatives which contain additional genetic information governing the oxidation of biphenyl and 4-chlorobiphenyl to benzoate and 4-chlorobenzoate and originating from the chromosome of strain A5. The following observations indicate that the catabolic genes reside on a 59-kb large transposon (Tn4371) for which a restriction map is presented. (i) Tn4371 transposes between different replicons and at different locations of the same replicon. (ii) Transposition was observed in a Rec- strain of A. eutrophus. (iii) Tn4371 transposes as a single, contiguous piece of DNA. Although an RP4::Tn4371 plasmid was stably maintained in different hosts, the plasmid conferred growth on biphenyl only when present in strains of A. eutrophus and in an Acinetobacter sp. strain.
PLASMA INSULIN RESPONSE TO ORAL AND INTRAVENOUS GLUCOSE ADMINISTRATION.

This paper describes a new method for evaluating glucose metabolism in man using an oral glucose load. The procedure permits the calculation of a blood glucose disappearance rate constant (K) and thereby makes it possible to compare quantitatively the response to oral and intravenous glucose administration in a given individual. Ten metabolically normal adult humans were studied under carefully controlled conditions. Each received similar amounts (20 g) of glucose both orally and intravenously (2–7 days apart) by constant infusion for 1 hr. The effects on blood glucose disappearance rate constants (K) and plasma insulin concentrations (immunoassay) during and for 1 hr following the infusion were compared. Blood glucose concentrations and K values with the 2 routes of glucose administration were similar. In contrast, plasma insulin responses showed a significant difference: oral glucose resulted in a significant and sustained rise, whereas intravenous glucose was associated with a smaller and transient inc.
Liver/kidney microsome antibody type 1 and hepatitis C virus infection

Recent studies have shown that hepatitis C virus antibodies are present in a large proportion of patients with autoimmune hepatitis type 2. We have studied 83 patients with liver/kidney microsome antibody‐positive type 1 hepatitis. Hepatitis C virus antibodies were sought in every case by second‐generation tests (hepatitis C virus enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay and recombinant immunoblot assay). Hepatitis C virus RNA sequences were sought in 22 patients (12 with recombinant immunoblot assay‐positive results and 10 with recombinant immunoblot assay‐negative results) by means of polymerase chain reaction and by use of primers located in the 5′ noncoding region. Sixty‐four patients (77%) had positive results for hepatitis C virus antibodies in the enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay test, and 41 (49.3%) were confirmed by recombinant immunoblot assay. Hepatitis C virus RNA sequences were found in all the recombinant immunoblot assaypositive patients but in none of the 10 who were recombinant immunoblot assay‐negative. The recombinant immunoblot assay‐negative patients were younger than those who were positive (13 ± 11 vs. 50 ± 11 years) and had higher γ‐globulin levels and liver/kidney microsome antibody‐positive type 1 titers (61% had a titer of 1:1,000 or more, vs. only 17% of the recombinant immunoblot assay‐positive patients). On the basis of these results, chronic hepatitis with liver/kidney microsome antibody‐positive type 1 can be divided into two subgroups: (a) true autoimmune hepatitis type 2 (mainly observed in young women), with high titers of liver/kidney microsome antibody‐positive type 1, and in which direct autoimmune mechanisms appear to be prominent; and (b) hepatitis C virus‐associated hepatitis with liver/kidney microsome antibody‐positive type 1 (generally affecting older patients, especially men), with low titers of liver/kidney microsome antibody‐positive type 1, and in which the autoimmune process could be a consequence of hepatitis C virus infection. (HEPATOLOGY 1992;16:630–636.)
The ancient economy : evidence and models

Table of Contents for The Ancient Economy List of Figures List of Tables List of Contributors 1. Introduction, by Ian Morris and J.G. Manning Part I: The Near East 2. The Near East: The Bronze Age, by Mario Liverani 3. The Economy of the Near East in the First Millennium BC, by Peter R. Bedford 4. Comment on Liverani and Bedford, by Mark Granovetter Part II: The Aegean 5. Archaeology, Standards of Living, and Greek Economic History, by Ian Morris 6. Linear and Nonlinear Flow Models for Ancient Economies, by John K. Davies 7. Comment on Davies, by Takeshi Amemiya Part III: Egypt 8. The Relationship of Evidence in the Ptolemaic Economy (332-30 BC), by J.G. Manning 9. Evidence and Models for the Economy of Roman Egypt, by Roger S. Bagnall Part IV: The Roman Mediterranean 10. "The Advantages of Wealth and Luxury": The Case for Economic Growth in the Roman Empire, by R. Bruce Hitchner 11. Framing the Debate Over Growth in the Ancient Economy, by Richard Saller 12. Comment on Hitchner and Saller, by Avner Greif Bibliography Index
Observations on the resting sites of Tabanidae in a Miombo woodland in the Republic of Zambia.

Observations on the utilization of boles, branches, treetops, Aardvark (Antbear) holes, fallen logs and bushes (surface grass cover) as resting sites of tabanids were made by trapping them on Tanglefoot, a colorless, odorless, sticky substance applied to these sites. Collections were made durmg 2 rainy seasons (Nov. 1974–Apr. 1975, Nov. 1975–Apr. 1976). Largest numbers of tabanids were collected from treetops and bushes while the greatest variety of tabanids was from treetops and boles. No tabanids were found above 4 m on boles, branches and treetops. No resting tabanids were found in Aardvark holes.
Practical Implementation of Delayed Signal Cancellation Method for Phase-Sequence Separation

In this paper, the use of a method for online detection of positive- and negative-sequence components of three-phase quantities, named the delayed signal cancellation (DSC) method, is investigated. Problems that arise in practical implementation of the DSC method in computer-controlled systems are investigated. Expressions of the detection error due to nonideal discretization are derived and calculations are verified experimentally. Two methods for reducing the detection error are presented and verified. It is also shown that the given expressions and proposed methods for reducing the detection errors can also be applied to the case of grid frequency variations
Outcomes of anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction in patients older than 50 years of age.

BACKGROUND Anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR) has traditionally been reserved for young patients with functional instability. As the aging population continues to grow and embrace a more active lifestyle, it is important to determine if favorable outcomes of ACLR can be achieved in older adults. METHODS Patients greater than 50 years of age undergoing ACLR between January 2001 and September 2006 were identified. Charts were retrospectively reviewed for clinical, pathologic, and radiographic findings. Prospective data was collected at follow-up, including Lysholm Knee Score, Tegner Activity Level Score, International Knee Documentation Committee (IKDC) Subjective Knee Form Score, and Knee Injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS). Anteroposterior (AP) instability was assessed with use of a KT-2000 arthrometer (MEDmetric, San Diego, CA). RESULTS Forty-seven patients underwent ACLR with 32 (16 males and 16 females) available at a mean follow-up of 5.0 years (range: 2.2 to 9.0 years). The mean age at the time of operation was 58.4 years (range: 51 to 65 years). At time of final follow-up, the mean side-to-side difference measured by KT-2000 was 1.2 ± 1.3 mm (range: 0 to 4.5 mm). Mean postoperative subjective IKDC score was 80.1 (range: 33 to 100) and Lysholm score was 86.7 (range: 45 to 95). There was no change in Tegner score from pre-injury (range: 0 to 3) to postoperative (range: 0 to 3). Twelve patients (38%) underwent subsequent knee surgery. All patients were satisfied with the final outcome of their ACLR surgery. Only patellofemoral Outerbridge cartilage grade was associated with worse outcome. CONCLUSION ACLR provides symptomatic relief and restoration of function for patients greater than 50 years of age. ACLR should be considered in active older patients with subjective functional instability.
Food variety, socioeconomic status and nutritional status in urban and rural areas in Koutiala (Mali)

Abstract Objective: The purpose of this study was to analyse the associations between the food variety score (FVS), dietary diversity score (DDS) and nutritional status of children, and to assess the associations between FVS, DDS and socioeconomic status (SES) on a household level. The study also assessed urban and rural differences in FVS and DDS. Design: Cross-sectional studies in 1994/95, including a simplified food frequency questionnaire on food items used in the household the previous day. A socioeconomic score was generated, based on possessions in the households. Weight and height were measured for all children aged 6–59 months in the households, and anthropometric indices were generated. Subjects and setting: Three hundred and twenty-nine urban and 488 rural households with 526 urban and 1789 rural children aged 6–59 months in Koutiala County, Sikasso Region, Mali. Results: Children from urban households with a low FVS or DDS had a doubled risk (OR>2) for being stunted and underweight. Those relations were not found in the rural area. There was an association between SES and both FVS and DDS on the household level in both areas. The FVS and DDS in urban households with the lowest SES were higher than the FVS and DDS among the rural households with the highest SES. Conclusions: Food variety and dietary diversity seem to be associated with nutritional status (weight/age and height/age) of children in heterogeneous communities, as our data from urban areas showed. In rural areas, however, this association could not be shown. Socioeconomic factors seem to be important determinants for FVS and DDS both in urban and rural areas. FVS and DDS are useful variables in assessing the nutritional situation of households, particular in urban areas.
Structural and Volumetric Changes in the Aging Face

Abstract Traditional views on facial aging and associated therapies focused on soft tissue descent and skin texture changes. Recently, revolumization for age-related lipoatrophy has become increasingly popular. Researchers are now reporting objective studies examining processes of structural and volumetric changes with age in increasing frequency as well. To better understand and treat facial aging, the surgeon should review all available data. Presented here are current evidence-based studies regarding age-related changes in the facial skeleton and soft tissue envelope. By reviewing these changes by each anatomic subsite, the surgeon will be better equipped to develop an appropriate treatment plan, individualized for each patient.
Location Based Autonomous Power Control for ICIC in LTE-A Heterogeneous Networks

Small cells are regarded as a promising solution to achieve green communication and deal with the coverage holes within macrocells. However, close subscriber group femtocells with universal frequency reuse introduce strong cross-tier interference in both uplink and downlink and thus reducing the overall system capacity. Conventional LTE-A macrocells only apply power control in uplink while LTE-A femtocells need both downlink and uplink power control schemes to effectively deal with the new cross-tier interference scenarios. In this paper, location based autonomous downlink power setting and uplink fraction power control schemes are proposed specifically for femtocells in order to mitigate the cross-tier interference. It is demonstrated with extensive system simulations that the proposed power control schemes can significantly improve the Macro-UE outage probability in downlink and assure the Femto-UEs with increased capacity in uplink.
Active-site architecture and catalytic mechanism of the lipid A deacylase LpxR of Salmonella typhimurium

The lipid A portion of lipopolysaccharide, the major component of the outer leaflet of the outer membrane of Gram-negative bacteria, is toxic to humans. Modification of lipid A by enzymes often reduces its toxicity. The outer-membrane protein LpxR from Salmonella typhimurium is a lipid A-modifying enzyme. It removes the 3′-acyloxyacyl moiety of the lipid A portion of lipopolysaccharide in a Ca2+-dependent manner. Here, we present the crystal structure of S. typhimurium LpxR, crystallized in the presence of zinc ions. The structure, a 12-stranded β-barrel, reveals that the active site is located between the barrel wall and an α-helix formed by an extracellular loop. Based on site-directed mutagenesis and modeling of a substrate on the active site, we propose a catalytic mechanism similar to that of phospholipase A2, in which a Ca2+ forms the oxyanion hole and a histidine activates a water molecule (or a cascade of two water molecules) that subsequently attacks the carbonyl oxygen of the scissile bond.
Mitochondrial Mutagenesis in Aging and Disease

Shortly after DNA was discovered to be the carrier of hereditary information, a number of peculiar observations were made. It was found that some traits, like the ability of yeast cells to use non-fermentable sources of energy, were inherited through a cytoplasmic, and not a nuclear mechanism[1]. This observation was rather alarming at the time, since DNA was only known to be present in the nucleus. As a result, some researchers started to doubt whether DNA was truly the sole carrier of hereditary information. Could it be that the original hypothesis about DNA was incorrect? Or did the cytoplasm carry DNA molecules that were yet to be discovered? Ultimately, this conflict was resolved when clever mating experiments, biochemical tests and precise electron microscopy culminated in the discovery of a new DNA molecule, present inside mitochondria[2-4].
Generating Service Value Webs by Hierarchical Configuration: A Case in Intellectual Property Rights Clearing

Enterprises increasingly jointly participate in service value webs. They do so because enterprises can then offer services they could not offer on their own. In earlier work, we have developed the e3value methodology to conceptually model such networks, as a design task. This paper proposes an approach to semi-automatically generate such service value networks based on service profiles and a stated consumer need. To this end, we apply skeleton design and hierarchical configuration techniques. The configuration process is illustrated by a case study in the field of intellectual property right clearing.
Infiltration of glioma cells in brain parenchyma stimulated by radiation in the F98/Fischer rat model

Abstract Purpose: In the months following radiotherapy, a rapid recurrence of glioblastoma multiforme occurs in the periphery of the resection cavity. The aim of this study was to assess the contribution of irradiation of the brain in the infiltration profile of glioma cells. Material and methods: Using the F98/Fischer rat glioma model, we either irradiated the brain, the F98 cancer cells, or both to separately investigate the effects of radiation. Inflammatory cytokines and pro-infiltration molecules were measured in irradiated brain. Results: A stimulation of interleukin-1β and transforming growth factor β1 expression 4 h after brain irradiation supported induction of inflammation. Early elevated expression of phospholipase A2 was also measured and was followed by a stimulation of cyclooxygenase-2 from day 5 to 20 after irradiation. This resulted in a biphasic increase of prostaglandins E2 and D2 biosynthesis with maximum at 4 h and 15 days post-irradiation. An important enhancement of F98 cells infiltration was observed when brain was irradiated, which took place at the expense of the growth of the primary tumour and resulted in a decreased median survival of the Fischer rats. This stimulation of F98 cells infiltration was associated with the pro-infiltration molecule, matrix metalloproteinase-2. Conclusion: In the animal model proposed, we demonstrated that irradiation of brain increased the infiltration capacity of F98 cells to the brain, resulting in a reduction of media survival of rats bearing this tumour. This animal model has also allowed identifying inflammatory cytokines and pro-infiltration molecules induced by radiation that can be targeted to prevent this adverse effect of radiation.
Application of slow-fast population dynamic models

The Beverton-Holt and Ricker functions are two distinct ecological descriptions of the link between a parental population size and subsequent offspring that may survive to become part of the fish stock. This report presents a model consisting of a system of ordinary differential equations (ODEs), which couples a pre-recruit stage with several adult stages. Elements of slow-fast dynamics capture the different time-scales of the population dynamics and lead to a singular perturbation problem. The novelty of the model presented here is its capability to replicate a broad spectrum of the stock-recruitment relationship (SRR), including the Beverton-Holt and Ricker dynamics. The results are explained using geometric singular perturbation theory and illustrated by numerical simulations.
Dynamic language model adaptation using keyword category classification

This paper describes a language model adaptation method for improving speech recognition of keywords in spoken queries occurring in information retrieval tasks. The method dynamically adapts language models to keyword categories within a single utterance; it ﬁrst estimates keyword categories and their positions in an input query utterance and then dynamically changes the weights for language models designed for individual keyword categories on the basis of the estimation results. The method has been evaluated in speech recognition experiments on television program retrieval tasks and has demonstrated a 22.0% reduction in keyword error rates.
Estruturas secretoras de Pavonia alnifolia (Malvaceae), uma espécie ameaçada de extinção

Malvaceae possui grande diversidade morfologica de estruturas secretoras, que por sua vez apresentam importância ecologica e taxonomica. Entretanto ate o momento nao foram encontrados registros de estudos sobre as estruturas secretoras em Pavonia alnifolia A.St.-Hil. , uma especie ameacada de extincao, endemica de restingas do Rio de Janeiro e Espirito Santo. No presente estudo sao apresentados dados anatomicos e histoquimicos das estruturas secretoras da referida especie. O material foi coletado na Restinga da Marambaia - Rio de Janeiro e processado de acordo com tecnicas usuais para estudos de anatomia e histoquimica. A analise dos resultados mostrou a presenca de canais, cavidades, idioblastos e tricomas secretores de mucilagem; idioblastos de substâncias fenolicas e lipidicas, alem de nectarios florais. As secrecoes produzidas por estas estruturas representam um papel potencialmente importante para adaptacao da especie ao ambiente de restinga, estando envolvidas na manutencao de interacoes com insetos visitantes, o que constitui relevante modelo para realizacao de estudos experimentais com abordagem ecologica.