Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Brown spider monkeys (Ateles hybridus): a model for differentiating the role of social networks and physical contact on parasite transmission dynamics

Elevated risk of disease transmission is considered a major cost of sociality, although empirical evidence supporting this idea remains scant. Variation in spatial cohesion and the occurrence of social interactions may have profound implications for patterns of interindividual parasite transmission. We used a social network approach to shed light on the importance of different aspects of group-living (i.e. within-group associations versus physical contact) on patterns of parasitism in a neotropical primate, the brown spider monkey (Ateles hybridus), which exhibits a high degree of fission–fusion subgrouping. We used daily subgroup composition records to create a ‘proximity’ network, and built a separate ‘contact’ network using social interactions involving physical contact. In the proximity network, connectivity between individuals was homogeneous, whereas the contact network highlighted high between-individual variation in the extent to which animals had physical contact with others, which correlated with an individual's age and sex. The gastrointestinal parasite species richness of highly connected individuals was greater than that of less connected individuals in the contact network, but not in the proximity network. Our findings suggest that among brown spider monkeys, physical contact impacts the spread of several common parasites and supports the idea that pathogen transmission is one cost associated with social contact.
Bipolar disorder comorbid with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder in adult inpatients with acute relapse.

OBJECTIVE The aim of this prospective, observational study was to detect the rate of comorbid attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in a sample of inpatients diagnosed with bipolar disorder, and to identify differences between patients with bipolar disorder with concomitant ADHD and those without concomitant ADHD. METHOD Fifty subjects with bipolar disorder (DSM-IV-TR criteria) aged 18 to 65 years were enrolled in the study in Kingston, Ontario, from October 2008 to April 2010, following their admission to an adult inpatient psychiatric unit during an acute relapse. The Mini-International Neuropsychiatric Interview (MINI) and the ADHD Rating Scale were used to screen the subjects for ADHD and bipolar disorder, while the Hamilton Depression Rating Scale, the Young Mania Rating Scale, and the Global Assessment of Function were used to assess clinical severity at baseline and at 8 weeks. RESULTS Thirteen (26%) of the enrolled patients rated positive for ADHD on both the MINI and the ADHD Rating Scale. At baseline, no differences were found between the patients with ADHD and those without ADHD with regard to gender, age, length of hospitalization, and severity of clinical and functional deterioration. At 8 weeks, patients with ADHD had lower general scores for depression (P = .025) than those without ADHD. CONCLUSIONS In a psychiatric inpatient sample, patients with bipolar disorder and ADHD were not more severely ill in the acute phase and did not have a poorer outcome at 8 weeks.
PERFIL DOS PACIENTES COM NÓDULOS TIREOIDIANOS SUBMETIDOS À PUNÇÃO ASPIRATIVA POR AGULHA FINA

O nodulo tireoidiano e a forma de apresentacao de varias doencas desta glândula. E uma condicao clinica muito frequente, sobretudo quando se empregam metodos sensiveis de imagem. Nesse contexto, a puncao aspirativa por agulha fina (PAAF) e o principal exame utilizado para diagnostico diferencial e o de melhor relacao custo-beneficio na avaliacao da doenca nodular da tireoide. O presente estudo se propoe a avaliar o perfil dos pacientes com nodulos tireoidianos que sao submetidos a PAAF. A amostra consistiu em 77 pacientes que apresentavam nodulo tireoidiano a ser puncionado. Os dados foram coletados por um periodo de 5 meses, no Centro de Medicina Integrada de Sergipe (CEMISE), localizado em Aracaju/SE. A amostra totalizou 77 pacientes. Dentro da amostra havia 73 pacientes do sexo feminino (94,8%) e 4 do sexo masculino (5,2%), com faixa etaria predominante entre 50 e 59 anos. Quanto ao numero de nodulos, 57,1% dos pacientes (44 pacientes) tinham apenas um nodulo para ser puncionado, enquanto que 42,9% (33 pacientes) tinham mais de um. A maioria (58,3%) dos nodulos estudados apresentou tamanho ≥ 1,0 cm. O relato de historia familiar de doenca tireoidiana foi encontrado em 42 pacientes (54,5%) e a historia pessoal de hipotireoidismo correspondeu a 16,9% da amostra. A avaliacao ultrassonografica evidenciou 42 casos de tireoidite. Os resultados apresentados confirmam a prevalencia maior de nodulos de tireoide na populacao feminina com idade avancada. Entretanto, o achado de uma maior quantidade de nodulos de pequeno diâmetro com indicacao de puncao difere da literatura vigente.
Autonomous explorative mobile robot navigation and construction

This paper presents an autonomous device with the ability to reach a destination position, detect its environment and to multifunction. During recent years, rises in natural disasters and armed conflicts have increased the demand for autonomous devices. We propose a concept of two such devices with the ability to comfortably and remotely control such devices and even with an autonomous control in remote areas inside or outside the buildings. The localization by WiFi is used to locate a position where the GPS signal is not strong enough. The ability to locate a mobile device by a wireless network is a well known possibility. The WiFi signal is not strong enough everywhere. The combination of the odometer method with other sensors is used in those places.
Isolated Wind–Hydro Hybrid System Using Cage Generators and Battery Storage

This paper deals with a new isolated wind-hydro hybrid generation system employing one squirrel-cage induction generator (SCIG) driven by a variable-speed wind turbine and another SCIG driven by a constant-power hydro turbine feeding three-phase four-wire local loads. The proposed system utilizes two back-to-back-connected pulsewidth modulationcontrolled insulated-gate-bipolar-transistor-based voltage-source converters (VSCs) with a battery energy storage system at their dc link. The main objectives of the control algorithm for the VSCs are to achieve maximum power tracking (MPT) through rotor speed control of a wind-turbine-driven SCIG under varying wind speeds and control of the magnitude and the frequency of the load voltage. The proposed wind-hydro hybrid system has a capability of bidirectional active- and reactive-power flow, by which it controls the magnitude and the frequency of the load voltage. The proposed electromechanical system using SCIGs, an MPT controller, and a voltage and frequency controller are modeled and simulated in MATLAB using Simulink and Sim Power System set toolboxes, and different aspects of the proposed system are studied for various types of linear, nonlinear, and dynamic loads, and under varying wind-speed conditions. The performance of the proposed system is presented to demonstrate its capability of MPT, voltage and frequency control (VFC), harmonic elimination, and load balancing.
Whole-Genome Sequence of Borrelia garinii Strain 935T Isolated from Ixodes persulcatus in South Korea

ABSTRACT We report here the genome sequence of Borrelia garinii strain 935T isolated from Ixodes persulcatus in South Korea. The 1,176,739 bp (G+C content, 27.73%) genome consists of 1,194 coding regions, 4 rRNA genes, and 33 aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase genes. This is the first whole-genome report of a Korean Borrelia species isolate.
Transcutaneous PCO2 monitoring during initiation of noninvasive ventilation.

BACKGROUND To assess the efficacy of transcutaneous Pco2 (Ptcco2) measurements for monitoring alveolar ventilation in patients requiring noninvasive positive-pressure ventilation (NPPV). METHODS In a prospective study on method agreement pairs of Paco2 and Ptcco2 (SenTec Digital Monitor; SenTec AG; Therwil, Switzerland), measurements were performed every 10 min during the establishment of NPPV over a 4-h period in 10 patients (8 patients with COPD) presenting with acute-on-chronic hypercapnic respiratory failure, thus providing 250 pairs of measurement. RESULTS Mean (+/- SD) Paco2 decreased from 67.2 +/- 11.9 mm Hg (Ptcco2, 65.5 +/- 13.9 mm Hg) to 54.6 +/- 8.8 mm Hg (Ptcco2, 47.8 +/- 8.8 mm Hg), and mean pH increased from 7.36 +/- 0.03 to 7.44 +/- 0.04. Following Ptcco2 assessment, Ptcco2 in the ensuing 2-min period was the strongest predictor for Paco2 compared to Ptcco2 in the ensuing 5-min period and to real-time measurements. Ptcco2 was highly correlated with Paco2 (r = 0.916; p < 0.001), as determined by linear regression analysis. The mean difference between Paco2 and Ptcco2 was 4.6 mm Hg, and the limits of agreement (bias +/- 1.96 SDs) ranged from -3.9 to 13.2 mm Hg, following the Bland and Altman analysis. Retrospective drift correction produced an even higher correlation (r = 0.956; p < 0.001) with lower limits of agreement (-1.7 to 7.5 mm Hg). CONCLUSIONS Ptcco2 measurements provide a sensitive, continuous, and noninvasive method for monitoring alveolar ventilation in patients who are receiving short-term NPPV therapy. Drift correction of Ptcco2 measurements improves the accuracy of Ptcco2 monitoring compared to the "gold standard" Paco2 assessment. A lag time of approximately 2 min is present for reliable Ptcco2 values compared to Paco2 values. However, individual variance between Paco2 and Ptcco2 cannot be excluded. TRIAL REGISTRATION www.uniklinik-freiburg.de/zks/live/uklregister/Oeffentlich.html Identifier:UKF001271.
An integrated vendor-buyer inventory model with perfect and monopolistic competitions: an educational note

Customers encountering shortages will respond differently according to the type of commodity and the market environment. Complete backordering is only likely to occur in a monopolistic competition, whereas a complete lost sale is only likely to occur in a perfect competition. In reality, neither market environment exists. Therefore, in an environment with perfect and monopolistic markets, the consideration of partial backordering is a practical approach. In this study, we develop an integrated vendor–buyer inventory model with perfect and monopolistic competitions. Significant cost reduction can be achieved when partial backordering is considered. The inventory model can therefore be used to study the effect of partial backordering in a competitive market.
Approche neurocognitivede la mémoire

La memoire n’est pas une structure unitaire, elle correspond aune serie de processus modulaires. Trois processus se succedent :apprendre des informations nouvelles, les conserver, lesrecuperer au moment desire. La memorisation ou la recuperationd’une information peuvent se faire aussi bien consciemmentqu’inconsciemment. Le rappel est spontane ou facilite (aumoyen d’indices ou par reconnaissance). Ces informationsmemorisees concernent des episodes de notre propre vie, dessavoirs sur le monde, des gestes specialises, des formes auditivesou visuelles. Au-dela de cette organisation modulaire, il reste adeterminer comment se deroule, en temps reel, le fonctionnementharmonieux du « systeme memoire ».
HERPESVIRUS-ASSOCIATED GENITAL LESIONS IN A STRANDED STRIPED DOLPHIN (STENELLA COERULEOALBA) IN THE CANARY ISLANDS, SPAIN

Abstract An adult male striped dolphin (Stenella coeruleoalba) stranded alive at Arico, Tenerife, Canary Islands, Spain. The dolphin died shortly after stranding, and a complete postmortem examination was performed. The most remarkable gross findings were two fleshy masses of approximately 1 cm diameter, near the tip of the penis. These masses were composed of hyperplastic epithelial cells with pigmentary incontinence. Ballooning degeneration and margination of chromatin was observed within the stratum corneum of the epidermis. A universal nested PCR assay that amplifies a conserved region within the polymerase gene of Herpesviridae was positive. The sequenced product was most closely related to a gammaherpesvirus that shared nucleotide identities of 93% with penile lesions from Atlantic and Mediterranean bottlenose dolphins (Tursiops truncatus). This similarity supports the hypothesis of sexual transmission between species.
Comparison Multinomial Logistic Regression and Discriminant Analysis in predicting the stage of Breast Cancer

Summary This research is a prediction stage of breast cancer group model, the probability that a patient is detected at any stage of breast cancer or non-breast cancer based on the tumor cells with abnormal growth of breast cancer. The independent variable is the tumor cells to grow abnormally: Clump Thickness (X1), Uniformity of Cell Size (X2), Uniformity of Cell Shape (X3), Marginal Adhesion (X4), Single Epithelial Cell Size (X5), Bare Nuclei (X6), Bland Chromatin (X7), Normal Nucleoli (X8), and Mitoses (X9). The dependent variable is the probability that the patient is detected at any stage of breast cancer or non-breast cancer based on the tumor cells with abnormal growth of breast cancer by using Ordinal Logistic Regression Model and Discriminant Model. Conclude that Ordinal Logistic Regression Model can use few variables in a prediction stage of breast cancer and Ordinal Logistic Regression Model has classification 55.50% higher than Discriminant Model has classification 54.10%. Ordinal Logistic Regression Model has classification for non-breast cancer patient is 73.60%, breast cancer stage 1 patient is 5%, breast cancer stage 2 patient is 43.6%, breast cancer stage 3 patient is 61.4%. The study results reveal that the Discriminant Analysis can use predicted variables 9 variables. Discriminant Model has classification for non-breast cancer patient is 56%, breast cancer stage 1 patient is 49.10%, breast cancer stage 2 patient is 35.6%, breast cancer stage 3 patient is 72.6% and breast cancer stage 4 patient is 60%.
La divulgación de información en el mercado español: un análisis empírico

El objetivo de esta Tesis es analizar los efectos de la divulgacion de informacion, en tres aspectos concretos relacionados con la actividad de la empresa, tomando como referencia un mercado que ha sufrido un reciente proceso de crecimiento y modernizacion, como es el espanol.La medida de "calidad" de los informes anuales de las empresas espanolas, es precisamente el nexo de union de los tres capitulos en que se estructura la presente Tesis Doctoral. El proposito de la misma, una vez se ha puesto de manifiesto la vital importancia que la informacion tiene en los mercados de capitales, es analizar los efectos que la estrategia de comunicacion financiera puede tener en determinados aspectos de la empresa.En concreto, el primer capitulo se centra en las consecuencias que la mayor o menor calidad de la divulgacion puede tener en la reputacion de la empresa. El concepto multidimensional de reputacion, es un valioso activo intangible estrechamente vinculado al conocimiento que el mercado tiene de una empresa, y por tanto a su valoracion. Ello nos llevo a plantearnos que la estrategia de comunicacion que la empresa lleve a cabo, puede de alguna manera intervenir en la reputacion asignada a la misma por el mercado.En el segundo capitulo, nos planteamos de nuevo el efecto que la politica de divulgacion de la empresa podria ejercer sobre una no menos importante variable como es el coste de capital. El mejor conocimiento de la empresa que podria venir asociado a informes anuales clasificados como de "buena calidad", implicaria un menor riesgo para los potenciales inversores que se puedan estar planteando invertir en la empresa. Si este fuera el caso, la rentabilidad requerida por los inversores deberia ser menor para aquellas companias de las cuales disponen de informacion considerada de calidad.
Noise Reduction of Swing Compressors with Concentrated Winding Motors

The authors have developed a high efficiency, low noise swing compressor with a concentrated winding motor in order to meet energy saving and noise reduction demands for refrigeration and air conditioning equipment. In order to reduce the noise, the authors conducted a magnetic field analysis and a modal analysis. The results of those analyses showed that the noise was caused by the resonance between the magnetic force of the radial direction components of a concentrated winding motor and the natural frequency of first bending mode of the rotor-crankshaft. Furthermore, it was found that inhibiting the eccentricity between the rotor rotation axis and the stator core is effective in reducing the magnetic force. An experiment was conducted to verify the results of the analyses and a reduction in the noise of the compressor was confirmed.
Approximation of Geodesics in Metabelian Groups

It is known that the bounded Geodesic Length Problem in free metabelian groups is NP-complete [A. Myasnikov, V. Roman'kov, A. Ushakov and A. Vershik, The word and geodesic problems in free solvable groups, Trans. Amer. Math. Soc.362(9) (2010) 4655–4682] (in particular, the Geodesic Problem is NP-hard). We construct a 2-approximation polynomial time deterministic algorithm for the Geodesic Problem. We show that the Geodesic Problem in the restricted wreath product of a finitely generated non-trivial group with a finitely generated abelian group containing ℤ2 is NP-hard and there exists a Polynomial Time Approximation Scheme for this problem. We also show that the Geodesic Problem in the restricted wreath product of two finitely generated non-trivial abelian groups is NP-hard if and only if the second abelian group contains ℤ2.
The principle of ‘maximum energy dissipation’: a novel thermodynamic perspective on rapid water flow in connected soil structures

Preferential flow in biological soil structures is of key importance for infiltration and soil water flow at a range of scales. In the present study, we treat soil water flow as a dissipative process in an open non-equilibrium thermodynamic system, to better understand this key process. We define the chemical potential and Helmholtz free energy based on soil physical quantities, parametrize a physically based hydrological model based on field data and simulate the evolution of Helmholtz free energy in a cohesive soil with different populations of worm burrows for a range of rainfall scenarios. The simulations suggest that flow in connected worm burrows allows a more efficient redistribution of water within the soil, which implies a more efficient dissipation of free energy/higher production of entropy. There is additional evidence that the spatial pattern of worm burrow density at the hillslope scale is a major control of energy dissipation. The pattern typically found in the study is more efficient in dissipating energy/producing entropy than other patterns. This is because upslope run-off accumulates and infiltrates via the worm burrows into the dry soil in the lower part of the hillslope, which results in an overall more efficient dissipation of free energy.
Justifications for caregiving in white, Asian American, and native Hawaiian grandparents raising grandchildren.

OBJECTIVES Race has been found to predict justifications for caregiving in family caregivers for older adults. However, little is known about this relationship in another type of family caregiver, Grandparents Raising Grandchildren (GRG). This study examined relationships between race and justifications for caregiving in Asian American, Native Hawaiian, and White GRG. METHOD A sample of 259 GRG registered as students' primary caregivers with a public school system completed a modified version of the 10-item Cultural Justifications for Caregiving (CJCG) scale. RESULTS CJCG items did not load onto a single analytic factor. Two factors, custom and responsibility, emerged. Race was predictive of custom, with Native Hawaiian GRG having significantly higher scores than White or Asian American GRG. Native Hawaiian GRG also scored higher than Asian American, but not White, GRG on responsibility. DISCUSSION Justifications for raising grandchildren appear to differ among groups based on racial identification. Findings elucidate cultural justification for caregiving in understudied GRG populations and suggest that justifications for caregiving are configured differently in GRG and family caregivers for older adults. Future studies should examine justifications for caregiving in GRG of other races.
Manejo actual de la estenosis de carótida: Tratamiento endovascular comparado con endarterectomía

En estenosis carotidea, la unica manera de prevenir nuevos eventos cerebrovasculares era mediante antiagregacion. Despues de los estudios NASCET y ECST se establecio que la endarterectomia conseguia mejores resultados. Ahora se ha establecido la terapia endovascular como alternativa. Nuestro objetivo es mostrar la evolucion de la terapia endovascular en estenosis carotidea, contrastar los resultados entre tratamiento endovascular, medico y quirurgico y exponer la situacion actual de la terapia endovascular. Algunos estudios se realizaron hace decadas y tanto la tecnica endovascular como los tratamientos medicos, no son comparables con los de hoy. Varios estudios coinciden en que el stenting beneficia a menores de 70 anos y presenta al menos iguales resultados que la endarterectomia a corto plazo, con mayor tasa de reestenosis a largo plazo. Quedan por resolver la indicacion de tratamiento en pacientes asintomaticos o la utilizacion de sistemas de proteccion. El tratamiento debe ser individualizado en un equipo multidisciplinar.
Nominal stabilization and admittance matching in networked bilateral teleoperation

This paper studies the problem of bilateral teleoperation control with networked communication. A generic stabilizing control architecture is derived without making restrictive assumptions on the device dynamics and/or control interface variables. This architecture may implement any legitimate control law and, thus, does not impose any conservatism. It guaranteeing nominal stability of the system and allows to characterize the set of all feasible admittance operators. The use of this characterization for controller synthesis via intuitive admittance matching procedure is demonstrated with a simple numerical example. The paper extends previous results for the cases of sampled communication, time-varying delays and not necessarily stable device dynamics.