Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Seasonal Variation in Prevalence of Mycotoxins in Feed and Feedstuffs at Beni-Suef Governorate in Egypt

The prevalence of mycotoxins in animal and poultry feeds under different environmental variations in summer and winter seasons were investigated. One hundred and six samples of feeds were collected (58 samples during summer and 48 during winter seasons)for detection of aflatoxins(Afs) and ochratoxin (OA )contamination. The samples were collected from farms at Beni-Suef governorate in which the animal and poultry suffered from signs of toxicities as vomiting, diarrhea, diminished production of meat and milk and stunted growth. The results revealed that the incidence and levels of mycotoxins in feed during summer season were comparatively higher than in winter season. Where, the Afs residues were detected in all examined samples of (white corn, wheat bran, barseem hay, poultry feed, concentrated feeds and silage)(100%), during summer season . Whereas, in winter season comparatively lower incidence and levels of aflatoxins were detected in samples(yellow corn, white corn, soya bean, wheat bran, barseem hay, poultry feed, concentrated feeds and silage, cotton seed cake , dairy feed and broiler concentrates) at the rates of incidence of 16.6%, 50%, 33.3%, 70%, 80%, 60%, 75%,62.5%, 50%0% and 66,6%), respectively. Similarly, the detected incidence rates of OA in winter season were also comparatively lower than that detected in summer season, Where, the OA residues were detected in all examined samples of (white corn, concentrated feeds and silage)(100%), during summer season. Whereas, 83.3% , 50%, 33,3% and 72% of examined yellow corn, wheat bran, barseem hay and poultry feed samples were contaminated with OA, respectively. But, in winter season, the OA residues were not detected in all samples of (yellow corn, white corn, wheat bran, poultry feed and broiler concentrates), While, the rates of incidence of OA in samples of (soya bean, barseem hay, concentrated feeds silage, cotton seed cake and dairy feed) in winter season were (33.3%, 30%, 60%, 25%, 80% and 50%), respectively. Therefore, frequent testing program of the animal feeds and other environmental factors for mycotoxigenic fungi and mycotoxins contamination are a critical demand today to safe the animal and human health.
Tampering Detection Scheme for Speech Signals using Formant Enhancement based Watermarking

Unauthorized tampering in speech signals has brought serious problems when verifying their originality and integrity. Digital watermarking can eﬀectively check if the original speech signals have been tampered by embedding digital data into them. To be eﬀective, watermarking method should be implemented according to four requirements of (1) inaudibility to human auditory system, (2) blindness to extract watermarks without referring to the host signal, (3) robustness against speech processing, and (4) fragility against tampering. This paper proposes a tampering detection scheme for speech signals based on formant enhancement-based watermarking. Watermarks are embedded as slight enhancement of formant by symmetrically controlling a pair of linear spectral frequencies (LSFs) of corresponding formant. Such embedding concept not only enables the proposed scheme to be inaudible but also provides the possibilities of robustness against speech processing and fragility against tampering. The proposed scheme was evaluated with respect to inaudibility, robustness, and fragility compared with other two typical methods. The evaluation results showed that the proposed scheme could provide satisfactory performance for all the requirements, and had the ability to detect tampering in speech signals.
Nonlinear Control of Voltage Source Inverters in Microgrids

Microgrids represent a new and flexible form of electrical networks. This form is based on the use of Distributed Generators which are connected to a microgrid through Voltage Source Inverters (VSI). In this paper, we propose a nonlinear controller that allows the regulation of the output voltage and frequency of a VSI. The system consists of a VSI and an LC filter associated to a coupling inductor. The main objective is to enforce the system output voltage to track a given reference. After the system modeling, the controller is designed using the backstepping technique. Once the control law is elaborated, several simulations are carried out to evaluate the performance of the proposed controller. The simulation results and formal analysis show that the output voltage tracks perfectly the reference voltage with a global asymptotic stability. It is worth mentioning that the designed controller can operate in the both microgrid modes: grid connected mode and islanded mode. 1 Keywords— Microgrid, distributed Generation, backstepping, VSI, LC filter, coupling inductor, modeling, stability, tracking.
Thermal Shock and Cycling Behavior of Thermal Barrier Coatings (TBCs) Used in Gas Turbines

Gas turbine engines work as a power generating facility and are used in aviation industry to provide thrust by converting combustion products into kinetic energy [1-3]. Basic concerns regarding the improvements in modern gas turbine engines are higher efficiency and per‐ formance. Increase in power and efficiency of gas turbine engines can be achieved through increase in turbine inlet temperatures [1,4]. For this purpose, the materials used should have perfect mechanical strength and corrosion resistance and thus be able to work under aggressive environments and high temperatures [2]. The temperatures that turbine blades are exposed to can be close to the melting point of the superalloys. For this reason, internal cooling by cooling channels and insulation by thermal barrier coatings (TBCs) is used in order to lower the temperature of turbine blades and prevent the failure of superalloy substrates [1-4]. By utilizing TBCs in gas turbines, higher turbine inlet temperatures are allowed and as a result an increase in turbine efficiency is obtained [5]. TBCs are employed in a variety of areas such as power plants, advanced turbo engine combustion chambers, turbine blades, vanes and are often used under high thermal loads [6-11]. Various thermal shock tests are conducted by aerospace and land gas turbine manufacturers in order to develop TBCs and investigate the quality control characteristics. Despite that fact, a standardized method is still lacking. The reason lies behind the difficulty of finding a testing method that can simulate all the service and loading conditions. Present testing systems developed by the engine manufacturers for simulation of real thermal conditions in engines consist of; burner rig thermal shock testing units, jet engine thermal shock testing units and furnace cycle tests [16-20]. In this study, thermal cycle and thermal shock behavior of TBC systems under service conditions are examined, and a collection of testing methods used in evaluation of performance and endur‐
IL-13 Is a Susceptibility Factor for Leishmania major Infection

Leishmania major infection is useful as an experimental model to define factors responsible for the development and maintenance of Th cell immune responses. Studies using inbred mouse strains have identified that the Th1 response characteristic of C57BL/6 mice results in healing, whereas BALB/c mice fail to control the infection due to the generation of an inappropriate Th2 response. We now demonstrate that IL-13 is a key factor in determining susceptibility to L. major infection. Overexpression of IL-13 in transgenic mice makes the normally resistant C57BL/6 mouse strain susceptible to L. major infection even in the absence of IL-4 expression. This susceptibility correlates with a suppression of IL-12 and IFN-γ expression. Furthermore, using BALB/c mice deficient in the expression of IL-4, IL-13, or both IL-13 and IL-4, we demonstrate that IL-13-deficient mice are resistant to infection and that there is an additive effect of deleting both IL-4 and IL-13.
A randomized controlled trial of automated term composition

OBJECTIVE To compare the ability of an Automated Term Composition (ATC) algorithm with non-compositional mappings to provide coverage (exact mappings to a controlled vocabulary) for a randomly selected set of free text entries which were entered as headings to the Impression section of the clinical notes system at the Mayo Foundation. We also compare the results of four evaluators to determine the inter-observer variability and the variance between term sets, with respect to the accuracy of the mappings and the reliability of the failure analysis. METHODS From a corpus of approximately 1,000,000 unique terms entered into the Impression/Report/Plan section of the clinical notes system in the calendar year 1997, we randomly selected 1,000 terms. We then further randomized these 1,000 terms into two groups of 500 (Sets A and B). We constructed two copies of the same term matching interface, one without ATC (alpha) and one with ATC (beta). We took four expert Indexers and assigned them to one of the following tasks. The first reviewer (R1) compared set A using the alpha program and then set B using the beta program (R1(Aalpha + Bbeta)). The second compared set A using the alpha program and then set B using the alpha program (R2(A + B) alpha). The third compared set B using the beta program and then set A using the beta program (R3(B + A) beta). The fourth compared set A using the beta program and then set B using the alpha program (R4(Abeta + Balpha)). RESULTS The program with Automated Term Composition mapped 540 out of the 1,000 Concepts correctly (54.0%). The same program without ATC mapped only 276 out of the 1,000 Concepts correctly (27.6%). Therefore the program with ATC was significantly more effective at matching concepts in our problem lists than the same search engine without ATC (p < 0.0001; McNemar Method). These figures result from the comparison of the alpha program with the beta program by reviewers one and four. Failure analysis showed that with the alpha version 425 out of the 724 mismatches were because a base concept was missing from the retrieval set (58.7%) and 299 mismatches were from missing qualifiers or modifiers or both (41.3%). In the beta version of the program (with ATC) 340 out of the 460 mismatches were secondary to there being a missing base concept in the retrieval set (73.9%) and only 120 mismatches due to missing modifiers and or qualifiers (26.1%). CONCLUSIONS Automated term composition provided significantly better coverage of a randomly chosen set of patient problems, diagnosed at the Mayo Clinic during the 1997 calendar year, when compared with the same information retrieval system without ATC. We believe that these results speak further to the excellent content coverage provided by the UMLS metathesaurus. These authors believe that increased structure, normalization of UMLS content and semantics, and better tools to make use of the currently available content such as automated term composition, are what is needed to leverage the production of commercially viable tools that provide access to controlled vocabularies for medicine.
Simultaneous registration and tissue classification using clustering algorithms

We describe a novel approach for performing registration and tissue classification of multichannel medical images. Rather than perform a two-step process comprised of a registration step followed by a tissue classification step, the two objectives are accomplished simultaneously using a single algorithm. The new algorithm is based on minimizing a fuzzy C-means clustering energy functional with respect to not only the cluster centers and membership functions, but the transformation parameters as well. The advantage of this simultaneous approach is that both the registration and segmentation now optimize the same cost functional. This approach also allows the registration of more than two images to be easily accommodated. The method is evaluated using both real and simulated magnetic resonance images of the brain
Trichoscopy of scalp dysesthesia

Introduction Scalp dysesthesia is characterized by localized pruritus, burning sensations or even pain. Aim To describe characteristic trichoscopic features of scalp dysesthesia. Material and methods The study was a retrospective analysis (2010–2016) of 9 patients (8 females and 1 male; median age: 52 years; range: 38–66 years). A total of 61 trichoscopic images were analyzed by two independent evaluators. Results In all cases, oval or round areas covered with short hairs: broom hairs (77%; 7/9), block hairs (88%; 8/9), short hairs with trichorrhexis nodosa (78%; 7/9) were found. In 4 of 9 cases these areas were circumscribed by brownish linear discoloration. Background features included: areas lacking hair shafts (44%; 4/9) covered by wavy-shaped scaling, whitish areas with prominent perifollicular yellow discoloration and cloud vessels arranged around follicular openings and around empty follicles (33%, 3/9); focal brownish discoloration with darker wavy lines (78%; 7/9). Conclusions Trichoscopy can be helpful in establishing the diagnosis of scalp dysesthesia – broom hairs, block hairs and short hairs with trichorrhexis nodosa covering the alopecia patch, uniform in length, can be considered as characteristic for this condition.
Wireless sensors and mobile phones for human well-being

More and more people are using mobile phones for sensing and supporting their daily lives. With some signal and digital processing methods, every mobile phone could be used for sensing different activities or behaviors that people do every day. Increasingly, wireless sensor networks (WSNs) are being integrated with Mobile Phone Sensing (MPS) and this trend will be seen mainly in urban environments. This represents an opportunity, since both WSNs and mobile phones have the potential of being applied in the search for ”green solutions”. That is, people-centric and environment-centric ”green applications” can be developed to improve human life and the environment. It is interesting to relate these two types of applications in order to motivate people towards having a greener behavior. However, this leads to multiple challenges. This paper presents a vision about this integration and also an overview of these challenges. We will also show a case study and its implementation using the mobile phone as a sensing system, which aims to improve the people's quality of life.
Protein Nitration in a Mouse Model of Familial Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis

Multiple mechanisms have been proposed to contribute to amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) pathogenesis, including oxidative stress. Early evidence of a role for oxidative damage was based on the finding, in patients and murine models, of high levels of markers, such as free nitrotyrosine (NT). However, no comprehensive study on the protein targets of nitration in ALS has been reported. We found an increased level of NT immunoreactivity in spinal cord protein extracts of a transgenic mouse model of familial ALS (FALS) at a presymptomatic stage of the disease compared with age-matched controls. NT immunoreactivity is increased in the soluble fraction of spinal cord homogenates and is found as a punctate staining in motor neuron perikarya of presymptomatic FALS mice. Using a proteome-based strategy, we identified proteins nitrated in vivo, under physiological or pathological conditions, and compared their level of specific nitration. α- and γ-enolase, ATP synthase β chain, and heat shock cognate 71-kDa protein and actin were overnitrated in presymptomatic FALS mice. We identified by matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry 16 sites of nitration in proteins oxidized in vivo. In particular, α-enolase nitration at Tyr43, target also of phosphorylation, brings additional evidence on the possible interference of nitration with phosphorylation. In conclusion, we propose that protein nitration may have a role in ALS pathogenesis, acting directly by inhibiting the function of specific proteins and indirectly interfering with protein degradation pathways and phosphorylation cascades.
Negative Feedback Regulation of the Tumor Suppressor PTEN by Phosphoinositide-Induced Serine Phosphorylation1

The PTEN tumor suppressor phosphatase directly counteracts the multiple functions of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase by removing phosphate from the D3 position of inositol phospholipids. Like many lymphomas and leukemias, the Jurkat T cell line lacks PTEN protein due to frame-shift mutations in both PTEN alleles and therefore survives in long-term cell culture. We report that PTEN reintroduced into Jurkat was highly phosphorylated on serines 380 and 385 in its C terminus, particularly the former site. Phosphate was also detected at Ser380 in PTEN in untransformed human T cells. Treatments that reduced the levels of D3-phospholipids in the cells resulted in reduced phosphorylation and accelerated degradation of PTEN. In contrast, expression of inactive PTEN-C124G or coexpression of a constitutively active protein kinase B led to increased phosphorylation and slower degradation of PTEN. These results suggest that PTEN normally is subjected to a feedback mechanism of regulation aimed at maintaining homeostatic levels of D3-phosphoinositides, which are crucial for T cell survival and activation.
Management of venous leg ulcers: Clinical practice guidelines of the Society for Vascular Surgery and the American Venous Forum Endorsed by the American College of Phlebology and the Union Internationale de Phlébologie

Thomas F. O’Donnell Jr, MD, Marc A. Passman, MD, William A. Marston, MD, William J. Ennis, DO, Michael Dalsing, MD, Robert L. Kistner, MD, Fedor Lurie, MD, PhD, Peter K. Henke, MD, Monika L. Gloviczki, MD, PhD, Bo G. Eklöf, MD, PhD, Julianne Stoughton, MD, Sesadri Raju, MD, Cynthia K. Shortell, MD, Joseph D. Raffetto, MD, Hugo Partsch, MD, Lori C. Pounds, MD, Mary E. Cummings, MD, David L. Gillespie, MD, Robert B. McLafferty, MD, Mohammad Hassan Murad, MD, Thomas W. Wakefield, MD, and Peter Gloviczki, MD
A randomized trial to assess the effectiveness of an infant home safety programme

The aim of this study was to test an intervention aimed at addressing the risk of injury in infants 2 – 12 months of age. A non-blinded, randomized controlled trial was conducted, whereby parents were randomly assigned to either a control or one of two intervention groups. Parents completed questionnaires regarding safety behaviours and injuries at the 2 (baseline), 6 and 12 month immunization visit at the community health unit. During the 2 month visit to the health unit, the two intervention groups received a home safety kit containing nine items, an instructional brochure and a risk assessment checklist. Subjects randomized to the safety kit plus home visit group also received a standardized home visit from a community health nurse. Two of the 14 parental safety behaviours showed a significant increase in use among parents in the intervention groups. Neither of the interventions was associated with a reduction in parent-reported injuries among children. It was concluded that home visitation may provide a beneficial adjunct to the provision of safety devices and may increase use by parents.
Prototipado Rápido de un Sistema de Normalización de Tuits: Una Aproximación Léxica

espanolEste trabajo describe el sistema de normalizacion de tuits en espanol desarrollado por el Grupo de Lengua Y Sociedad de la Informacion (LYS) de la Universidade da Coruna para el Tweet-Norm 2013. Se trata de un sistema conceptualmente sencillo y flexible que emplea pocos recursos y que aborda el problema desde un punto de vista lexico. EnglishThis work describes the system for the normalization of tweets in Spanish designed by the Language in the Information Society (LYS) Group of the University of A Coruna for Tweet-Norm 2013. It is a conceptually simple and flexible system, which uses few resources and that faces the problem from a lexical point of view.
Measuring thyroid gland volume: should we change the correction factor?

OBJECTIVE In the assessment of thyroid volume with sonography (formula of an ellipsoid), a correction factor is used. Whereas previously 0.524 was used, the World Health Organization has recently changed (after the first review) this correction factor to 0.479. We compare volume measurement of the thyroid using different correction factors to automated volume measurement using MDCT, and we define an optimal correction factor in thyroid volume assessment. CONCLUSION Acceptable correction factors are situated in the range of 0.494-0.554. We propose a correction factor of 0.529 when using the ellipsoid formula.
Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay compared with neutralization tests for evaluation of live mumps vaccines

Mumps-specific antibody levels before and after vaccination with live mumps vaccines were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and neutralization tests. A correlation was found between neutralization titers and optical density in ELISA. However, postvaccination sera from some vaccinees who failed to seroconvert by neutralization contained significant levels of mumps-specific antibody detectable by ELISA. In some of these serum specimens, the antibody directed to the F polypeptide of mumps virus was predominant. Most sera positive in ELISA neutralized mumps virus upon the addition of fresh guinea pig serum to the virus-serum mixture.
Effect of the Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services Policy About Deep Sedation on Use of Propofol

On 11 December 2009, the Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services issued a policy stating that deep sedation can only be administered by an anesthesiologist, a certified registered nurse anesthetist, or a trained medical doctor or a doctor of osteopathy not involved in the performance of a medical procedure. Propofol is a popular sedation agent that is usually administered by anesthesia specialists in a service termed monitored anesthesia care (MAC). Monitored anesthesia care adds substantial new fees to procedural sedation. However, available evidence shows that propofol can be used safely by non-anesthesiologists for procedural sedation. The American Society of Anesthesiologists considers that propofol implies deep sedation and should only be administered by anesthesia specialists. The Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services policy on deep sedation can be viewed as supporting an ongoing conversion to MAC to deliver propofol for procedural sedation. However, the absence of an evidence base supporting a need for MAC to deliver propofol, combined with its high cost, suggests that alternatives to MAC to deliver propofol deserve fair and balanced evaluation.
Contribution of proprioception for calibrating and updating the motor space.

The absence of muscular proprioception, whether at a segmental or at a central level, impairs performance in several ways. The contribution of proprioception to movement control and learning is not easily dissociated from that of other sources of sensory information (e.g., vision). Therefore, the rare clinical cases of extensive neuropathy, depriving the brain massively and permanently of its presumed main sources of dynamogenic information from skin and muscles, are of very special interest. Two such patients and controls were tested in experiments investigating (i) force production, (ii) amplitude coding, (iii) spatial reference frames in pointing, and (iv) prismatic adaptation. Overall, our results highlight the key role of proprioceptive afferents for calibrating the spatial motor frame of reference, and the powerful substitutive properties of the central nervous system.