Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Fishing effects on elasmobranchs from the Pacific Coast of Colombia

During 1995, 2001, 2003, 2004 and 2007; we studied the temporal variation in the structure of the elasmobranch assemblage along the Colombian Pacific coast using: the community index of diversity, heterogeneity, equitability, species composition, average catch sizes, and mean trophic levels. A total of 1711 specimens from 19 species (7 sharks and 12 rays) were collected during the 90 trawling operations. The number of species captured varied between 7 (1995) and 12 (2007) demonstrating a trend towards an imbalance in the assemblage attributes. In 1995, the mean trophic level (TLm) of the assemblage was 3.60, but in 2007 it decreased to 3.55 when the functional level of large predators was absent (TL ≥ 4). These results suggest changes in species composition, structural attributes, and a reduction of the highest functional level. Alterations to the catch proportions were also found: i.e. a greater abundance of rays of lower trophic levels. This study suggests an effect of trawling on the stability of this tropical coastal ecosystem.
Non-abelian gerbes and some applications in string theory

We review a systematic construction of the 2-stack of bundle gerbes via descent, and extend it to non-abelian gerbes. We review the role of non-abelian gerbes in orientifold sigma models, for the anomaly cancellation in supersymmetric sigma models, and in a geometric description of so-called non-geometric T-duals.
Design and construction of a solid switchable phantom for diffuse optical imaging

We propose a simple and reliable solid phantom for mimicking realistic localized absorption changes within a diffusive medium. The phantom is based on a solid matrix holding a movable black inclusion embedded in a rod. Translating the rod parallel to the phantom surface, the inhomogeneity can be positioned beneath the source-detector pair (perturbed case) or far from it (unperturbed case). Examples of time-resolved transmittance measurements and time-resolved reflectance scans are shown to demonstrate the properties and the versatility of the phantom.
Construction of perfect space-time codes

In this work, we propose an innovative methodology to extend the construction of minimum and non-minimum delay perfect codes as a subset of cyclic division algebras over Q( 3), where the signal constellations are isomorphic to the hexagonal A n -rotated lattice, for any channel of any dimension n such thatgcd(n; 3) = 1.
Influence of an Asian Dust Storm and Southeast Asian Biomass Burning on the Characteristics of Seashore Atmospheric Aerosols in Southern Taiwan

This study explores the effects of an Asian dust storm (ADS) and Southeast Asian biomass burning on the composition of atmospheric aerosols in the coastal area of southern Taiwan in spring 2010. Coarse and fine particles were collected using two manual dichotomous samplers (Dichots) that were equipped with Teflon and Quartz filters. The results reveal that the concentrations of PM10 and PM2.5 in the ADS period were about twice those before and after this. More than half of water-soluble ions in coarse particles (PM2.5-10) were Cl^- and Na^+ (sea salt), while 70% of water-soluble ions of fine particles were SO4^(2-) and NH4^+ (secondary aerosols). The OC/EC ratios of PM2.5 and PM2.5-10 were all above 2.0. Over 98% of the metals in coarse and fine particles were crustal elements (98.1-99.1%), and over 60% of the metals in PM10 were in coarse particles (PM2.5-10). The water-soluble ion, EC, OC, and metal contents in PM2.5 all exceeded those in PM2.5-10. The ADS was associated with higher concentrations of water-soluble ions in PM2.5 and PM2.5-10 than was the non-ADS period, except for K^+ in PM2.5-10. ADS most increased the Ca^2+ content and concentration, causing a rise in the average concentrations of Ca^2+ in coarse and fine particles by factors of 3.0 and 3.2, respectively. In the ADS period, although the OC and EC concentrations of coarse and fine particles increased, the OC and EC contents in these particles decreased. The ADS period was associated with higher metal contents in coarse and fine particles than the non-ADS period, and the increase in PM2.5-10 (more than 2%) exceeded that in PM2.5. In PM2.5-10 and PM2.5, the Ca and Ni contents increased the most, respectively. In addition, the concentrations of the water-soluble ions, EC, OC, and metals in PM2.5-10 and PM2.5 increased, but their contents decreased, while the contents of the other constituents (= total - (water-soluble ions + EC + OC + metals)) in PM2.5-10 and PM2.5 increased. It is also found that Southeast Asian biomass burning is related to the deterioration of the air quality of southern Taiwan.
The Role of Morus Nigra Extract and Its Active Compounds as Drug Candidate on Human Colorectal Adenocarcinoma Cell Line HT-29

According to laboratory-based in vitro researches, there are numerous medicinal plants and natural compounds that indicate potential as an anticancer agent. Morus nigra (M.nigra) (black mulberry) and its active components are strong candidates to be anticancer agents. The purpose of the present study was to investigate antiproliferative and antimigratory effects of M.nigra extract, its leptin Morniga G (MorG) and one of its component Chalcone 4 hydrate; and their synergistic effect in combination with cetuximab application on colorectal adenocarcinoma cell line HT-29. The antiproliferative effect was determined by impedance based proliferation assay following exposure to M.nigra extract (10%, 1%, 0.1%), MorG (0.5, 5, 50 µM) and Chalcone 4 hydrate (0.5, 5, 50 µM) for 48 hours. The antimigratory effect of M.nigra extract and its coponents, was investigated by a wound-healing assay for 48 h. According to results, Morus nigra extract and its leptin MorG reduced cell viability. After 48 hours of 200 µg/ml Cetuximab exposure with M.nigra extract and MorG at different concentrations, a significant decrease on the cell viability was detected when compared to Cetuximab application. MorG can be suggested as a potantial conjugate for targeted drug. However, futher studies are required to fully understand its mechanisms of action.
Holographic image processing of three-dimensional objects

We report on recent advances made in the area of holographic image processing of three-dimensional (3D) objects. In particular, we look at developments made in the areas of encryption, compression, noise removal, and 3D shape extraction. Results are provided using simulated objects and real-world 3D objects captured using phase- shift digital holography.
Advance in Swarm Robotics

The research progress of swarm robotics is reviewed in details. The swarm robotics inspired from nature is a combination of swarm intelligence and robotics, which shows a great potential in several aspects. First of all, the cooperation of nature swarm and swarm intelligence are briefly introduced, and the special features of the swarm robotics are summarized compared to a single robot and other multi-individual systems. Then the modeling methods for swarm robotics are described, followed by a list of several widely used swarm robotics entity projects and simulation platforms. Finally, as a main part of this paper, the current research on the swarm robotic algorithms are presented in detail, including cooperative control mechanisms in swarm robotics for flocking, navigating and searching applications. Copyright 2013, China Ordnance Society. Production and hosting by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
Climate of the Past Discussions Interactive comment on “ The importance of Northern Peatlands in global carbon systems during the Holocene ” by Y . Wang et al .

The origin of the ∼20-ppm or larger rise in atmospheric CO2 during the last 7000 years has remained elusive. A shift of that size, about one quarter of the typical glacialinterglacial range, indicates that an enormous amount of carbon (at least ∼42 billion tons) was added to the atmosphere, but that far more (several hundred billion tons) was moving among the rapidly exchanging reservoirs in the atmosphere, surface ocean, and continents. Yet Earth’s climate was not changing in any major way during this interval, so why was such an enormous amount of carbon on the move? The last scattered remnants of the North American sheet melted by 6000 years ago, and no major volumes of ice have grown or melted since then. Global temperature is thought to have changed by less than 1oC during this interval. This paper by Wang and colleagues
Developing a Model to Predict Success of Agricultural Production Enterprises Based on Their Capitals

This study aimed to develop a recognition model in order to classify success of agricultural enterprises. To this end, the study investigated the relationship between capitals owned by the enterprise and the success level by using "Neural Network" model. This study was conducted during 2013-2014 in Zanjan County, Islamic Republic of Iran. Data was obtained through a structured questionnaire and holding interviews with 92 enterprise owners, out of 125, involved in producing agrifood. According to the results of data analysis, Multilayer Perceptron Neural Network with Backpropagation algorithm was the appropriate algorithm to cope with the whole scope of the study. Empirical analysis by SPSS indicated that the Multilayer Perceptron consisting of one hidden layer with 6 nodes was an appropriate architecture. Classification Accuracy Rate (CAR) and "Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC)" curve were used to assess the model. Based on CAR of holdout data, the model was able to classify 86.4% of the samples correctly. Also, the study intended to reveal the relative importance of explanatory factors on enterprise success. Results indicated that human and social capitals were the more influential factors, followed by economic and environmental capitals. Therefore, to promote agricultural enterprises, policy makers and managers need to improve software and hardware assets, simultaneously.
Creativity Enhancement in Lithuanian Furniture Manufacturing Business According to International Business Development

This article analyzes Lithuanian furniture manufacturing business perceptions towards creativity, and creativityenhancement behavior according to its international development. Firstly article focuses on international business development,substantiate need of creativity for international business development, outline creativity influencing factors which operateat individual, team and organizational levels and recommendations how to enhance creativity in methodical way. Secondly,article describes a problem of empirical research, methodology of used methods and instruments, and presents results of surveyresearch.
Novel 4D Whole Body Scanning Solution and its Medical Application

One of the drawbacks of the traditional 3D whole body scanning is that it is capable of capturing only static models. In most of the cases it is impossible to properly analyze the way people move as they are not able to freeze their movement for a certain amount of time. In order to add a 4th dimension (time) to measurements, a system have to be built using stable ultra-fast 3D scanners. The presented solution meets industrial requirements for 4D measurements of dynamic objects. It is capable of acquiring up to 120 Hz sequences of high precision point clouds along with an information about its lightness and normal vectors. A spatial resolution of 1 mm is obtained with an inaccuracy below 0.5 mm. It was originally designed for a 4D human body shape measurement to support medical rehabilitation monitoring, however it is not restricted to this application. The system is composed of four directional measurement columns [1]. Sufficient body surface coverage is possible thanks to an even distribution of modules, each consisting of 1 projector and 2 detectors – on the upper and lower part of the head. Their working principle is based on a structured light projection, specifically a single frame pattern approach which enabled achievement of the declared frequency. For this particular case a problem of synchronization (highly erroneous overlapping of the projected patterns) was solved. A sine modulated patterns are colored and distinguished using a spectral separation via color filters. Information about fringe numbers is encoded using an additional transverse modulation of the patterns. Retrieval of a single multidirectional output cloud is done using a set of dedicated algorithms, including phase unwrapping on a single image per detector, scaling into XYZ coordinates and common calibration. The high precision 4D data is very heavy. A raw 1 minute of 120 Hz scan requires around 360 GB of a disk space. In order to handle such data, the specialized software called FRAMES (Framework and Robust Algorithms for Models of Extreme Size) was developed. It has built-in 4D RAM (Random Access Memory) manager which enables efficient visualization, advanced multithread processing and analysis of such data. The presented 4D scanning solution was tested in a real-life environment. The possibility of performing 3D body scanning in time enabled the rehabilitation progress monitoring after leg amputation.
Gluteal Compartment Syndrome Secondary to Traumatic Rupture of Gluteus Maximus Travmatik Gluteus Maksimus Yırtığına Ikincil Gluteal

DOI: 10.4328/AEMED.73 Received: 19.01. 2016 Accepted: 29.01. 2016 Printed Online: 01.03. 2016 J Ann Eu Med 2016;1(suppl 1): 4-7 Corresponding Author: Şemmi Koyuncu, Ortopedi ve Travmatoloji Kliniği, Bayburt Devlet Hastanesi, Şingah Mh. , İbni Sina Cad. No:25, Merkez, Bayburt, Türkiye. T. : +90 4582119191 E-Mail: semmi2446@gmail.com Özet Kapalı osseofasyal alanlarda mikrovasküler bozukluğa neden olacak şekilde dokular arası basıncın yükselmesi olarak tanımlanan kompartman sendromu, en sık alt ekstremite ve ön kol yaralanmalarında görülmektedir. Gluteal bölge ise kompartman sendromu açısından oldukça nadir görülen bir bölgedir. Kas veya tendon yırtığına ikincil olarak gelişen kompartman sendromu nadiren bildirilmiştir. Bu çalışmada travmatik gluteus maksimus kas yırtığına ikincil olarak gelişen gluteal kompartman sendromlu bir olgu sunuldu.
‘Keeping Them in Their Place’: the ambivalent relationship between development and migration in Africa

Abstract While there has been an explosion of academic and practitioner interest in the relationship between migration and development in the past decade, this article poses the neglected question of what is meant by development in this literature. It focuses on the ideas of development underpinning development interventions across Africa and shows how they have sedentary roots which are focused on the control of mobility and tend to cast migration as a symptom of development failure. This can be seen in the ongoing ambivalence of many development actors towards migration across Africa. The article argues that the current initiatives to link migration and development will remain fundamentally flawed until the concept of development is reconceptualised for a mobile world. In particular, it calls for the reconsideration of the ideas of the good life envisaged in development initiatives, moving beyond models of development based on the nation-state and abandoning the paternalist paradigms that fail to recognise the agency of migrants from poor countries.
Magma compressibility and the missing source for some dike intrusions

Dike intrusions are often accompanied by localized deflation, interpreted as depressurizing magma chambers feeding the dike. In some cases the inferred volume decrease is a factor of 4 or 5 less than the volume increase of the dike. Here we explore whether this discrepancy can be explained by compressibility of the magma combined with the fact that cracks are much more compliant than equidimensional magma chambers. If pressure changes are small, the magma compressibility βm is constant, and the dike ends up in hydrostatic equilibrium with an ellipsoidal magma chamber at the same depth, the ratio rV of the volume of the crack to the volume lost by the chamber is rV = 1 + 4μβm/3 > 1, where μ is the host rock rigidity. For gas poor magmas, βm = 0.6–2 · 10−10 Pa−1 and μ = 3–25 GPa, we find 1.2 < rV < 7.7. Large changes in magma compressibility due to gas exsolution increase rV.
Experiences of Staying Healthy in Relationally Demanding Jobs: An Interpretative Phenomenological Study of Work-Engaged Nurses in the Hospital

Background: Based on the experience of hospital nurses, the aim of this study is to explore the phenomenon of how work-engaged nurses stay healthy in relationally demanding jobs involving very sick and/or dying patients. Method: In-depth interviews were conducted with ten work-engaged nurses employed at the main hospital in one region in Norway. The interviews were interpreted using the Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis method (IPA). Results: The results indicate the importance of using the personal resources: authenticity and a sense of humour for staying healthy. The nurses’ authenticity, in the sense of having a strong sense of ownership towards their personal life experiences, and a sense of having a meaningful life in line with their own values and interests, was an important element when they considered their own health to be good in spite of repetitive strain injuries and perceived stress. These personal resources seem to be positively related to their well-being and work engagement, which serves as an argument for including them among other personal resources, often conceptualized in terms of Psychological Capital (PsyCap). The results also showed that the nurses worked actively and intentionally with conditions that could contribute to safeguarding their own health. Conclusion: The results indicated the importance of stimulating the nurses’ area of knowledge about caring for themselves in order to enable them to maintain good physical and mental health. A focus on self-care should be part of the agenda as early as during nursing education.
The Climate of Early Mars

The nature of the early martian climate is one of the major unanswered questions of planetary science. Key challenges remain, but a new wave of orbital and in situ observations and improvements in climate modeling have led to significant advances over the past decade. Multiple lines of geologic evidence now point to an episodically warm surface during the late Noachian and early Hesperian periods 3–4 Ga. The low solar flux received by Mars in its first billion years and inefficiency of plausible greenhouse gases such as CO2 mean that the steady-state early martian climate was likely cold. A denser CO2 atmosphere would have caused adiabatic cooling of the surface and hence migration of water ice to the higher-altitude equatorial and southern regions of the planet. Transient warming caused melting of snow and ice deposits and a temporarily active hydrological cycle, leading to erosion of the valley networks and other fluvial features. Precise details of the warming mechanisms remain unclear, but impacts, vo.
A Robust Nonlinear RLS Type Adaptive Filter for Second-Order-Intermodulation Distortion Cancellation in FDD LTE and 5G Direct Conversion Transceivers

Transceivers operating in frequency division duplex experience a transmitter leakage (TxL) signal into the receiver due to the limited duplexer stopband isolation. This TxL signal in combination with the second-order nonlinearity of the receive mixer may lead to a baseband (BB) second-order intermodulation distortion (IMD2) with twice the transmit signal bandwidth. In direct conversion receivers, this nonlinear IMD2 interference may cause a severe signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratio degradation of the wanted receive signal. This contribution presents a nonlinear Wiener model recursive-least-squares (RLS) type adaptive filter for the cancellation of the IMD2 interference in the digital BB. The included channel-select filter and dc-notch filter at the output of the proposed adaptive filter ensure that the provided IMD2 replica includes the receiver front-end filtering. A second, robust version of the nonlinear recursive-least-squares (RLS) algorithm is derived which provides numerical stability for highly correlated input signals that arise in, e.g., Long-Term Evolution (LTE)-Advanced intra-band multi-cluster transmission scenarios. The performance of the proposed algorithms is evaluated by numerical simulations and by measurement data.
Effects of Weed Control and Fertilization on Wood and Chemi-mechanical Pulp Properties of a Populus deltoides Clone

Weed control and fertilization usually lead to an increase in the growth rate of trees and, consequently, to a possible modification of the quality of the wood and its end products. The effect of weed control and fertilization practices were determined on tree growth parameters, wood density, fiber weight, fiber length, and chemical wood composition, as well as the chemi-mechanical pulp properties, for 8-year-old Populus deltoides `Delta Gold´ grown in Argentina. Four treatments belonging to a randomized complete block design trial were analysed: no weeding after planting (C), mechanical weed control (M), chemimechanical weed control (CHM), and fertilized + chemimechanical weed control (CHM-F). Soda-sulfite chemi-mechanical pulps were produced from said trees. Handsheets were prepared from the pulps, and their physical, mechanical, and optical properties were determined following international standards. Several wood and pulp properties were influenced by the studied silvicultural practices. In the context of this study, silvicultural treatments applied to Populus deltoides ‘Delta Gold’ (formerly ‘Stoneville 66’) trees can be applied to increase productivity (volume and fibrous output) without detrimental consequences to wood and pulp properties, except for a slight reduction in brightness.
Social Protection Discussion Paper Series Czech Pension System : Challenges and Reform Options

Social Protection Discussion Papers are not formal publications of the World Bank. They present preliminary and unpolished results of analysis that are circulated to encourage discussion and comment; citation and the use of such a paper should take account of its provisional character. The findings, interpretations, and conclusions expressed in this paper are entirely those of the author(s) and should not be attributed in any manner to the World Bank, to its affiliated organizations or to members of its Board of Executive Directors or the countries they represent.
Churn Prediction Retention Framework

-Churn prediction is considered a big issue in the Telecom market because customer acquisition costs five to eight times than retaining an existing one. Customer retention is the action that a service provider undertakes in order to reduce customer dissatisfaction and decrease the probability of leaving a service provider. This paper proposes a churn prediction retention framework based on data mining techniques. Deploying the proposed framework into a business intelligence system can help in enhancing the efficiency of customer relationship management. Moreover it can help customer churn management department to easily predict and retain the expected future churners in many business areas. The proposed framework mainly composed of seven phases and sub-phases. A case study is demonstrated to evaluate the framework throughout 5000 customers’ records in an anonymous telecom company.