Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Glycated Hemoglobin (HbA1c) Concentrations Among Children and Adolescents With Diabetes in Middle- and Low-Income Countries, 2010–2019: A Retrospective Chart Review and Systematic Review of Literature

Objectives To explore the glycemic control [represented by glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) concentrations] in children with diabetes mellitus (DM) in east China and middle- and low-income countries, from 2010 to 2019. Methods Retrospective data of children with DM from two hospital-based health records were reviewed. Data on HbA1c concentrations, hospitalization due to diabetic ketoacidosis, and patient demographics were collected and analyzed. A systematic review was subsequently performed to analyze publications that report HbA1c concentrations in patients aged <18 years. Patients’ characteristics extracted from each publication were used to generate simulated individual data for pooled analysis. HbA1c estimates were derived from steady-state iterations. Results Data of 843 diabetic children (aged 11.2 ± 3.9 years) with 2,658 HbA1c measures were retrieved from the two hospitals during the period 2010–2020. The duration of diabetes in the patients was 4.4 ± 2.8 years, and their HbA1c was 8.1 ± 2.2%. Patients who were internal migrants had significantly higher HbA1c concentration than resident patients (8.4 vs. 7.9%). The literature review yielded 1,164 publications, and the majority (74.1%) of patient data were published in high-income countries. The patient data extracted from these publications generated 486,416 HbA1c concentration estimates between 2005 and 2019. The average HbA1c concentration during the 15 years was 9.07 ± 2.15%. The mean HbA1c concentrations among children were 8.23, 8.73, 9.20, and 10.11% in high-income country (HIC), upper-middle income country (UMIC), lower-middle income country (LMIC), and low-income country (LIC) respectively. The mean rate of optimized glycemic control (HbA1c <7.5%) among children was 32.4, 27.5, 21.7, and 12.7% in HIC, UMIC, LMIC, and LIC, respectively. Conclusions The current study indicated that there is substantial room for improvement in glycemic control in children with DM worldwide, especially in middle- and low-income countries.
Copper‐Catalyzed Multicomponent Synthesis of Fluorescent 2′‐Phenyl‐1′H‐spiro[fluorene‐9,4′‐naphtho[2,3‐h]quinoline]‐7′,12′‐dione Derivatives

Copper-catalyzed multicomponent coupling reactions between ketones, alkynes, and amines (KA2 coupling) by using 9-fluorenones 1a–1e, aryl alkynes 2a–2g, and amino anthraquinones 3a and 3b afforded the highly conjugated, fluorescent spirofluorenonaphthoquinoline derivatives 4a–4r in very good yields. The products obtained from 1-aminoanthraquinone (3a) and 1,4-diaminoanthraquinone (3b) appear different in color but both series of products show emission in the red region. An analogous reaction with 1-aminopyrene (5) afforded the highly fluorescent hybrid pyrene-fluorenone spirocycle derivative 6, which shows emission in the deep blue region.
The Epidemiology of Alzheimer’s Disease Modifiable Risk Factors and Prevention

Mild Alzheimer’s disease is the leading cause of dementia, accounting for 50–70% of cases. Alzheimer’s disease is an irreversible neurodegenerative disease, which affects daily life activities and social functioning. As life expectancy increases and demographic ageing occurs, the global prevalence of Alzheimer’s disease is expected to continue to rise especially in developing countries, leading to a costly burden of disease. Alzheimer’s disease is a complex and multifactorial disorder that is determined by the interaction of genetic susceptibility and environmental factors across the life course. Epidemiological studies have identified potential modifiable risk and protective factors for Alzheimer’s disease prevention. Moreover, Alzheimer’s disease is considered to start decades earlier before clinical symptoms occur, thus interventions targeting several risk factors in non-demented elderly people even middle-aged population might prevent or delay Alzheimer’s disease onset. Here, we provide an overview of current epidemiological advances related to Alzheimer’s disease modifiable risk factors, highlighting the concept of early prevention.
Antimicrobial resistance profiles of Escherichia coli from swine farms using different antimicrobials and management systems

Background and Aim: The emerging of antimicrobial-resistant foodborne bacteria is a serious public health concern worldwide. This study was conducted to determine the association between farm management systems and antimicrobial resistance profiles of Escherichia coli isolated from conventional swine farms and natural farms. E. coli isolates were evaluated for the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of 17 antimicrobials, extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL)-producing enzymes, and plasmid-mediated colistin-resistant genes. Materials and Methods: Fecal swabs were longitudinally collected from healthy pigs at three stages comprising nursery pigs, fattening pigs, and finishers, in addition to their environments. High-generation antimicrobials, including carbapenem, were selected for the MIC test. DNA samples of colistin-resistant isolates were amplified for mcr-1 and mcr-2 genes. Farm management and antimicrobial applications were evaluated using questionnaires. Results: The detection rate of ESBL-producing E. coli was 17%. The highest resistance rates were observed with trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole (53.9%) and colistin (48.5%). All isolates were susceptible to carbapenem. Two large intensive farms that used colistin-supplemented feed showed the highest colistin resistance rates of 84.6% and 58.1%. Another intensive farm that did not use colistin showed a low colistin resistance rate of 14.3%. In contrast, a small natural farm that was free from antimicrobials showed a relatively high resistance rate of 41.8%. The majority of colistin-resistant isolates had MIC values of 8 mg/mL (49%) and ≥16 mg/mL (48%). The genes mcr-1 and mcr-2 were detected at rates of 64% and 38%, respectively, among the colistin-resistant E. coli. Conclusion: Commensal E. coli were relatively sensitive to the antimicrobials used for treating critical human infections. Colistin use was the primary driver for the occurrence of colistin resistance in swine farms having similar conventional management systems. In the natural farm, cross-contamination could just occur through the environment if farm biosecurity is not set up carefully, thus indicating the significance of farm biosecurity risk even in an antimicrobial-free farm.
Avalanche Platform 2020/06/30

This paper provides an architectural overview of the ﬁrst release of the Avalanche platform, codenamed Avalanche Borealis . For details on the economics of the native token, labeled $AVAX , we 5 guide the reader to the accompanying token dynamics paper [2]. Disclosure: The information described in this paper is preliminary and subject to change at any time. Furthermore, this paper may contain “forward-looking statements. ” 1
IN VITRO SCREENING FOR PHYTOCHEMICAL AND ANTIMICROBIAL ACTIVITY OF POISONOUS PLANT FICUS TSEILA ROXB

Leaves of Ficus tsiela were extracted with different solvents and evaluated the phytochemical analysis and antimicrobial activity. The presence of biological constituents namely terpenoids, tannins, steroids, anthraquinones, flavonoids, saponins, cardiac glycosides and phlobatannin were confirmed through preliminary phytochemical analysis. Alkaloid was absent in all the extracts treated with different solvents investigated. The presence of these bioactive constituents was associated with the antimicrobial activity of the plants. Agar well diffusion method revealed all the solvent extracts exhibited antimicrobial activity. Similarly, no antimicrobial activity was observed with the aqueous extracts, although high activity was exhibited with the ethanol, moderate activity with methanol and mild activity with chloroform extracts. The Gram! negative bacteria appeared to be more susceptible to the antimicrobial effect of the extracts than the Gram! positive organisms. The results confirmed that F. tsiela could be used as source of drugs to fight infections caused by susceptible bacteria. To the best of our knowledge, this may be the first report on antimicrobial activity that has not been previously reported and phytochemical screening is also observed for the first time from the extracts of F. tsiela.
An Introduction to Algebraic Multigrid

Algebraic multigrid (AMG) solves linear systems based on multigrid principles, but in a way that only depends on the coeﬃcients in the underlying matrix. The author begins with a basic introduction to AMG methods, and then describes some more recent advances and theoretical developments.
Inhibition of Sirtuin 3 prevents titanium particle-induced bone resorption and osteoclastsogenesis via suppressing ERK and JNK signaling

Implant-derived wear particles can be phagocytosed by local macrophages, triggering an inflammatory cascade that can drive the activation and recruitment of osteoclasts, thereby inducing peri-prosthetic osteolysis. Efforts to suppress pro-inflammatory cytokine release and osteoclastsogenesis thus represent primary approaches to treating and preventing such osteolysis. Sirtuin 3 (SIRT3) is a NAD+-dependent deacetylases that control diverse metabolic processes. However, whether SIRT3 could mitigate wear debris-induced osteolysis has not been reported. Herein we explored the impact of the SIRT3 on titanium particle-induced osteolysis. Tartrate resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP) staining revealed that the inhibition of SIRT3 suppressed nuclear factor-κB ligand (RANKL)-mediated osteoclasts activation in a dose-dependent fashion. Notably, inhibition of SIRT3 also suppressed matrix metallopeptidase 9 (MMP9) and nuclear factor of activated T‐cell cytoplasmic 1 (NFATc1) expression at the mRNA and protein levels, while also inhibiting the mRNA expression of dendritic cell-specific transmembrane protein (DC-STAMP), ATPase H+ Transporting V0 Subunit D2 (Atp6v0d2), TRAP and Cathepsin K (CTSK) . In addition, inhibition of SIRT3 suppressed titanium particle-induced tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), interleukin-1β (IL-1β) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) expression and prevented titanium particle-induced osteolysis and bone loss in vivo. This inhibition of osteoclasts differentiation was found to be linked to the downregulation and reduced phosphorylation of JNK and ERK. Taken together, inhibition of SIRT3 may be a potential target for titanium particle-induced bone loss.
MAYFIELD: Machine Learning Algorithm for Yearly Forecasting Indicators and Estimation of Long-Run Player Development

Accurate statistical prediction of American football player development and performance is an important issue in the sports industry. We propose and implement a novel, fast, approximate k-nearest neighbor regression model utilizing locality-sensitive hashing in highly dimensional spaces for prediction of yearly National Football League player statistics. MAYFIELD accepts quantitative and qualitative input data and can be calibrated according to a variety of parameters. Concurrently, we propose several new computational metrics for empirical player comparison and evaluation in American football, including a weighted inverse-distance similarity score, stadium and league factors, and NCAA-NFL statistical translations. We utilize a training set of comprehensive NFL statistics from 1970-2009, across all player positions and conduct cross-validation on the model with the subset of 2010-18 NFL statistics. Preliminary results indicate the model to significantly improve on current, publicly available predictive methods. Future training with advanced statistical datasets and integration with scouting-based methods could improve MAYFIELD's accuracy even further.
Tunable Negative Poisson's Ratio in Van der Waals Superlattice

Negative Poisson's ratio (NPR) materials are functional and mechanical metamaterials that shrink (expand) longitudinally after being compressed (stretched) laterally. By using first-principles calculations, we found that Poisson's ratio can be tuned from near zero to negative by different stacking modes in van der Waals (vdW) graphene/hexagonal boron nitride (G/h-BN) superlattice. We attribute the NPR effect to the interaction of pz orbitals between the interfacial layers. Furthermore, a parameter calculated by analyzing the electronic band structure, namely, distance-dependent hopping integral, is used to describe the intensity of this interaction. We believe that this mechanism is not only applicable to G/h-BN superlattice but can also explain and predict the NPR effect in other vdW layered superlattices. Therefore, the NPR phenomenon, which was relatively rare in 3D and 2D materials, can be realized in the vdW superlattices by different stacking orders. The combinations of tunable NPRs with the excellent electrical/optical properties of 2D vdW superlattices will pave a novel avenue to a wide range of multifunctional applications.
Bone Allograft and Locking Plate for Severe Proximal Humeral Fractures: Early and Late Outcomes

Background Early failure of osteosyntheses is common even with use of locking plates. In patients with comminuted fractures and epiphyseal osseous defects, we performed a series of osteosyntheses by locking plate in combination with an allograft bone augmentation. Because of encouraging short-term results in the literature, we assumed that the method could be a potential alternative to a reverse shoulder prosthesis. Material/Methods Twenty-six patients with a dislocated proximal humeral fracture (Neer IV/V/VI) were studied. A lyophilized allogeneic bone graft was used to reinforce the humeral head fragments before locking plate osteosynthesis. The outcomes of fractures were assessed with Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder and Hand (DASH) and Constant-Murley (Constant) scores, range of motion, a visual analog scale, and with radiological testing. The Constant-Murley scores were the endpoint of our study. Results The Neer classification of the fractures was type IV in 4 patients, type V in 20 patients, and type VI in 2 patients. The mean DASH score was 52.85 (range, 4.17–79.3) and the mean Constant score was 39.26 (range, 17–88). We observed late necrosis of the humeral head in 15 of 24 patients (62.5%), although early radiological follow-up showed that the humeral head had been anatomically reconstructed. Conclusions Long-term follow-up demonstrated inferior functional results, as displayed by poor Constant scores. There was a high incidence of necrosis, in spite of initial anatomical reconstruction. Biointegration of the allogeneic bone graft and revascularization of the humeral head fragments could be impaired in geriatric patients who have gross dislocation. Therefore, augmentation of the humeral head with allogeneic bone grafts cannot be recommended in these patients.
Aflatoxicosis of crucians: experimental treatment and biological value of fish

The aim of this study was to investigate a possibility to decrease a toxic influence of aflatoxin on the fish organism and veterinary-sanitary evaluation of fish, fed by a pure fodder, aflatoxin and ketoconazole+aflatoxin. Fish aflatoxicoses cause essential losses at fish growing using industrial production technologies. It is characterized by decreasing weight gains and increasing kill of commodity fish, worsening fodder conversion. Farmers often use fodders of own production, without conducting laboratory studies, and don’t know about aflatoxins. At the same time because of different reasons, first of all economic ones, they don’t use adsorbents for decreasing the negative influence of aflatoxins on the fish organism. Their use doesn’t guarantee 100 % fish resistance to micotoxicoses and correspondingly product safety for a consumer. Fish, received aflatoxins with food, is dangerous as a food product for humans and animals. Aflatoxins are very stable in the environment, so even thermal processing doesn’t exceed risk of aflatoxin contamination. The article presents a possibility of effective treatment of fish at aflatoxicosis. It is known, that aflatoxin beyond cells is not dangerous. Its activation takes place within a cell by the enzyme system cytochrome Р-450, forming an epoxide, in which result the aflatoxin inclusion complex with DNA forms in the kernel. The veterinary preparation “Ketoconazole” inhibits cytochrome enzymes Р-450, so aflatoxin activation within a cell doesn’t take place, epoxides don’t form, DNA cells are not injured, aflatoxicosis doesn’t develop in fish that has been proved experimentally. The veterinary-sanitary mark of fish, treated for aflatoxicosis, is satisfactory. The importance of this study is in fact that for today there is no developed effective method of fish aflatoxicosis treatment. An influence of aflatoxin on the crucian organism has not been studied experimentally.
Developing Intercultural Competence: recognizing the minimization effect

Intercultural Communication studies help us to identify the unique cultural perspectives of others so that we do not misunderstand people in important situations such as in educational, health or business settings. To become a competent intercultural communicator, we first need to develop an awareness of our (lack of) cultural knowledge and not solely focus on the commonalities of two culturally diverse speakers because this neglects important value differences of the minority second or foreign language speaker. Intercultural Communication focuses on the study of differences because this is where we can best develop the sensitivity to speakers who have divergent cultural norms and values on our journey of becoming more interculturally competent. The goal of this paper is to define and discuss the concept of intercultural competence within the field of Intercultural Communication, and why it is needed as a critical component to developing intercultural sensitivity for those in contact with dissimilar cultures. Several intercultural competence models are discussed with the main focus on how we can become mindful of how our cultural biases affect the communication process. -65山形大学人文社会科学部研究年報 第17号(2020.3)59-69
Sparrow replaced the Black-faced Dioch in West

M row (Passer luteus) has been severely altered during the last 25 years in the Lake Chad area and in West Africa. While Quelea was formerly the most abundant pest species, ì? luteus is currently destroyed. Since it is claimed, especially in Nigeria, that Quelea has been reduced artificially, it has been suggested that the recent increase of P. futeus is the result of Quelea’s eradication, these two species being potential competitors. As an alternative explanation, it is proposed (JONES, 1976; COPR, 1977) that the cyclical fluctuations of these avian populations are a response to climatic variations. The purpose of this paper is to discuss the first hypothesis competition through a com-0 parison of both species.
Entity Event Knowledge Graphs for Data Centric Organizations

Let’s take a step back and consider the main focus of any given business or organization. In evaluating the business focus of most enterprises, there is usually one absolute core entity and perhaps one less critical secondary entity, around which all the business revolves. For example, a hospital’s core entity is the patient and a secondary entity would be providers. Banks have the customer as its core entity and a B2B call center is focused on the companies they are contacting to uncover sales opportunities. In nearly all cases, this core entity is found scattered in the numerous siloed databases that have been developed by different groups, departments, and divisions due to ever changing needs.
Journalism Students and Information Consumption in the Era of Fake News

Technological platforms, such as social media, are disrupting traditional journalism, as a result the access to high-quality information by citizens is facing important challenges, among which, disinformation and the spread of fake news are the most relevant one. This study approaches how journalism students perceive and assess this phenomenon. The descriptive and exploratory research is based on a hybrid methodology: Two matrix surveys of students and a focus group of professors (n = 6), experts in Multimedia Journalism. The first survey (n = 252), focused on students’ perception of fake news, the second (n = 300) aims at finding out the type of content they had received during the recent confinement caused by the Covid-19 pandemic. Results show that most of the students prefer online media as a primary source of information instead of social media. Students consider that politics is the main topic of fake news, which, according to the respondents, are mainly distributed by adult users through social networks. The vast majority believe that fake news are created for political interests and a quarter of the sample considers that there is a strong ideological component behind disinformation strategies. Nonetheless, the study also reveals that students do not trust in their ability to distinguish between truthful and false information. For this reason, this research concludes, among other aspects, that the promotion of initiatives and research to promote media literacy and news literacy are decisive in the training of university students.
Next-Generation Prosthetic Hand: from Biomimetic to Biorealistic

Integrating a prosthetic hand to amputees with seamless neural compatibility presents a grand challenge to neuroscientists and neural engineers for more than half century. Mimicking anatomical structure or appearance of human hand does not lead to improved neural connectivity to the sensorimotor system of amputees. The functions of modern prosthetic hands do not match the dexterity of human hand due primarily to lack of sensory awareness and compliant actuation. Lately, progress in restoring sensory feedback has marked a significant step forward in improving neural continuity of sensory information from prosthetic hands to amputees. However, little effort has been made to replicate the compliant property of biological muscle when actuating prosthetic hands. Furthermore, a full-fledged biorealistic approach to designing prosthetic hands has not been contemplated in neuroprosthetic research. In this perspective article, we advance a novel view that a prosthetic hand can be integrated harmoniously with amputees only if neural compatibility to the sensorimotor system is achieved. Our ongoing research supports that the next-generation prosthetic hand must incorporate biologically realistic actuation, sensing, and reflex functions in order to fully attain neural compatibility.
MANAGING MENU INNOVATION: MEDIATING EFFECTS OF MARKET ORIENTATIONS

The paper reports the mediating role of market orientation in the link between innovation orientation and the first-stage of product innovation process (PIP), called concept development. In this study, to yield an empirical theoretical parsimony, a simultaneous assessment was adopted, using a component-based structural equation modelling (PLS-SEM), in examining the structural theory. The results indicate that the direct path coefficient value of c found to be negative (B = -0.471) and significant at p < 0.01, thus confirmed support of radical orientations adoption. However, in the simultaneous assessment, the indirect path coefficient value of ci has dropped to 90 percent significance level, indicating a partial mediation of market orientation by 47.7%. Thus, pointing to managing menu innovation in the chain restaurant appears to adopt both radical and incremental orientations. This paper, apart from its contribution to the marketing research, has useful insights for restaurateurs to engage new ideas when managing new menu developments.