Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Fast Mapping of Novel Words in Oral Story Context.

A study examined acquisition of new vocabulary through oral stories in first-, third-, and fifth-grade children. Each subject heard four stories, each including four nonsense words repeated three times. These novel words represented common nouns whose meanings could be derived from propositional information associated with their occurrence. The two factors of particular interest were the proximity of the novel word recurrences and the specificity of the propositional information surrounding them. The subjects' phonological production of the novel words, cued production with sentence context provided, and comprehension of word meaning by propositional recall, were analyzed. Producing the phonological word form and associating it with the correct proposition was difficult or all subjects, especially the younger ones. Comprehension and phonological production task results revealed that specificity and proximity had differential effects on novel word acquisition dependent on the type of information to be acquired and recalled; these results support the idea that the listener processes various aspects of the novel word and its meaning differently, depending on the propositional context available. This method of fast mapping of novel words in story context was found to be a flexible and useful paradigm for examining fast mapping skills across a wide developmental range. (MSE) **********************************************t************************ Reproductions sui.plied by EDRS are the best that can be made from the original document. ***********************************************************************
Cell Biological Function of Secretome of Adipose-Derived Stem Cells on Human Dermal Fibroblasts and Keratinocytes

피부재생에 대한 지방줄기세포 배양상등액(ADSC-CM)의 효능에 대한 연구를 진행하였다. ADSC-CM이 피부재생에 기여하는 기작은 명확하지 못하지만, ADSC-CM은 다양한 분비물을 포함하고 있고 따라서 피부트러블 처리를 위한 훌륭한 재료이다. 저 산소 상태에서 생산된 ADSC-CM, 즉 advanced adipose-derived stem cell protein extract (AAPE)는 피부재생에 보다 좋은 재료이다. 본 연구는 피부 재생에 결정적 역할을 하는 인체 primary 세포인 섬유아세포(HDF)와 케라티노사이트(HK)를 이용하여 AAPE의 효능을 검증하였다. 0.32 ${\mu}g/ml$ AAPE에서 콜라겐 합성이 관찰 되었으며 AAPE는 stress fiber 형성을 강화하였다. DNA microarray 결과에서는 세포증식, 세포이동, 세포부착, 상처반응에 관여하는 133개의 유전자 발현이 조절되는 것을 알았다. Antibody array를 통해 CD54, FGF-2, GM-CSF, IL-4, IL-6, VEGF, TGF- ${\beta}2$ , TGF- ${\beta}3$ , MMP-1, MMP-10, 그리고 MMP-19와 같은 MMP, 성장인자, 사이토카인등 25개의 알려진 단백질이 포함되어 있다는 것을 알았다. 따라서, AAPE는 HK의 세포생물학적 기능을 활성화 할 수 있다고 사료되며 HDF에서는 콜라겐 합성을 유도하였다. 이러한 결과는 AAPE가 피부재생에 임상적 적용이 가능하리라는 것을 의미한다. 【The beneficial effects of adipose-derived stem cell conditioned media (ADSC-CM) for skin regeneration have previously been reported, despite the precise mechanism of how ADSC-CM promotes skin regeneration remaining unclear. ADSC-CM contains various secretomes and this may be a factor in it being a good resource for the treatment of skin conditions. It is also known that ADSC-CM produced in hypoxia conditions, in other words Advanced Adipose-Derived Stem cell Protein Extract (AAPE), has excellent skin regenerative properties. In this study, a human primary skin cell was devised to examine how AAPE affects human dermal fibroblast (HDF) and human keratinocyte (HK), which both play fundamental roles in skin regeneration. The promotion of collagen formation by HDFs was observed at 0.32 mg/ml of AAPE. AAPE treatment significantly stimulated stress fiber formation. DNA gene chips demonstrated that AAPE in HKs (p ${\beta}2$ , TGF- ${\beta}3$ , MMP-1, MMP-10, and MMP-19, were contained in AAPE via antibody arrays. Thus, AAPE might activate the HK biological function and induce the collagen synthesis of HDF. These results demonstrate that AAPE has the potential to be used for clinic applications aimed at skin regeneration. 】
Caring Model: Putting Research into Practice

During the 1970s the discipline of nursing deliberately blended with the field of anthropology to create the field of transcultural nursing. The major goal of this blending was to transform anthropological concepts into the nursing process in order to render culturally congruent nursing care. This article suggests a further blending of transcultural nursing with transcultural medicine, cross-cultural psychology, theology, social workl/child welfare, and hospital administration to create a culturally conscious practice model of healthcare delivery.
Capital Structure and Market Values of Companies

The topic for the research has been selected with special interest to reveal the effect or benefit of capital structure and market value of companies. An appropriate capital structure is a critical decision for any business organization and this decision is very important not just because of its need to maximized Shareholder’s wealth or increase the market value of companies but also because of the impact such decision has on the company ability to deal with the competitive environment. Furthermore, the institutional composition of the market was reviewed and it was revealed that the Nigeria stock exchange amongst all other participants is the live wire of the medium for the mobilisation of long funds for long term investment. Also the listing requirement of small and medium scale enterprises in the second tier securities market of the NSE equally highlighted. This project encompasses a comprehensive survey of companies, however, the prospect of the market appears to be bright considering the current position of the government and players in the industry in the area of formulation and implementation of favourable policies. The market could assume the expected role of providing long-term financing for the development of small and medium scale enterprises in Nigeria if the institutional frameworks guiding the effectiveness of the operators are strengthened and the profound recommendation by the researcher are religiously implemented.
Women, Tax and Social Programs: The Gendered Impact of Funding Social Programs Through the Tax System

This study examines the impact on women of funding social programs through the tax system. It does so using the framework of tax expenditure analysis, which allows one to view any departure from the normative tax system (i.e., those basic rules, such as the tax rate and the tax unit, that comprise the revenue-raising part of the system) as a spending measure. The analysis also takes into account the socio-economic realities of women’s lives and concludes that many tax measures that are subsidies in respect of social programs do not benefit women to the same extent that they benefit men. Tax measures explored include the child care expense deduction, the Canada Child Tax Benefit, tax subsidies for retirement saving, the disability tax credit and tax relief for caregivers. The conclusion is that in many instances women have less access to these tax subsidies and, often, the amount they receive is less than the amount that men receive. The study concludes with a list of issues that should be considered by those involved in the tax policy process in order to ensure that women are not disadvantaged in comparison to men when tax subsidies are used to fund social programs.
A strategy for resolving evolutionary performance coupling at the early stages of complex engineering design

In the performance-driven complex engineering design process, at an early design stage, some required design parameters or equations cannot be determined precisely, which can have significant impact on the chain of design decisions and have to be validated with the outcome of design results from the later stages requiring redesign effort to resolve inconsistencies. So it is imminent to evaluate the extent of, and systematically manage, the couplings of design models and develop an appropriate resolving strategy in order to obtain more accurate design results in the shortest time period. This paper presents the research work carried out via the analyses of performance evolution and potential performance coupling at the early stage of complex engineering design. Four strategies based on performance model transformation for resolving evolutionary performance coupling are studied (i.e. decoupling, coupling, first-decoupling-then-coupling and first-coupling-then-decoupling). A selection method for resolving performance coupling based on the synthetic analysis of sensitivity of uncertainty propagation, solvability of coupled models, coupling strength and performance interface and availability of design information is proposed. To demonstrate the related concepts and method, the solving process of a complex design problem related to a suspension system design for tracked vehicle is given.
Synthesis and optical properties of lanthanides doped ultrasmall NaYF4 markers for bio-medical applications

Aim. To synthesise NaYF4 nanocrytstals doped or co-doped with different lanthanide ions (Eu, Tb, Gd) and to investigate them optically to achieve efficient optical markers. Methods. Samples have been synthesized by using co-thermolizys method and optical properties have been investigated by using photoluminescence (PL), PL excitation and PL decay spectroscopies. Results. Efficient emission in visible spectra range has been observed for all investigated samples. The excitation mechanism of the main emission centre has been explained. Conclusions. It has been shown that the main excitation mechanism of Eu ions is through energy transfer from Tb or Gd ions. Moreover, it has been shown that obtained by us nanocrystals characterize by strong emission which make them potential as efficient optical markers in biology or medicine.
Diversity and distribution of amoA-type nitrifying and nirS-type denitrifying microbial communities in the Yangtze River estuary

973 program [2013CB955700]; NSFC [41176095, 91028001, 41121091, 41023007]; OPWSR [201105021]; [GASI-03-01-02-03]; [GASI-03-01-02-05]
Causes of Regionalism. How ASEAN-China FTA Fits the (New) Wave of Regionalism?

Abstract The main aim of this paper is to discuss standard explanations of the causes respective to each wave of economic regionalism and to introduce an alternative approach suggesting the existence of a common mechanism driving all three periods of intensified economic integration. This study argues for the general logic to economic regionalism based on the balance mechanism. Proposed mechanism embraces standard theoretical explanations and places them into a broader context of general encompassing logic common to all three occurrences of economic regionalism. For acquiring empirical evidence of this mechanism, all three waves of regionalism and their causes are analysed as well as on one particular case of the third wave of regionalism - ASEAN-China FTA. Central motivation is the existence of plethora of factors leading to the preference of the regional trade strategies in particular time periods without offering explanation common to all three main occurrences of regionalism. However, this study argues that every instance of economic turmoil leads to protectionist tendencies in the form of economic regionalism followed by the multilateral trade liberalisation mitigating negative effects of protectionist tendencies.
Nonlinear response of cantilever beams to combination and subcombination resonances

The nonlinear planar response of cantilever metallic beams to combination parametric and external subcombination resonances is investigated, taking into account the effects of cubic geometric and inertia nonlinearities. The beams considered here are assumed to have large length-to-width aspect ratios and thin rectangular cross sections. Hence, the effects of shear deformations and rotatory inertia are neglected. For the case of combination parametric resonance, a two-mode Galerkin discretization along with Hamilton’s extended principle is used to obtain two second-order nonlinear ordinary-differential equations of motion and associated boundary conditions. Then, the method of multiple scales is applied to obtain a set of four first-order nonlinear ordinarydifferential equations governing the modulation of the amplitudes and phases of the two excited modes. For the case of subcombination resonance, the method of multiple scales is applied directly to the Lagrangian and virtual-work term. Then using Hamilton’s extended principle, we obtain a set of four first-order nonlinear ordinary-differential equations governing the amplitudes and phases of the two excited modes. In both cases, the modulation equations are used to generate frequency- and force-response curves. We found that the trivial solution exhibits a jump as it undergoes a subcritical pitchfork bifurcation. Similarly, the nontrivial solutions also exhibit jumps as they undergo saddle-node bifurcations.
Phytase Characterization and Production from Lactobacillus plantarum Strain on Corn Steep Liquor

In this study, effect of corn steep liquor on phytase enzyme production from Lactobacillus plantarum strain isolated from fermented food products was investigated and produced phytase was characterized. The enzyme produced in MRS broth containing %30 corn steep liquor and %0,2 glucose for 24 hours at 30°C.The intracellular enzyme isolated from Lactobacillus plantarum strain used in this study. The optimum activity of enzyme was emerged at 40°C and pH 5. This enzyme was 92% stable for 30 minutes at 100°C. Enzyme activity decreased with 1mM concetration of MgCI2 (3.6%), CoCI2 (13.5%) HgCl2 (14%), NiCI2 (20%), MnCl2 (15%), CaCI2 (15%), ZnCl2 (9%), CuCl2 (24%), FeCl2 (15%) and EDTA (13%) but activity increased with 5mM concentration of MgCI2 (5%), CoCI2 (13.5%) HgCl2 (22%), NiCI2 (16%), MnCl2 (18%), CaCI2 (20%), ZnCl2 (39%), CuCl2 (10%), FeCl2 (10%) and EDTA (12%). As a result, it is seen that due to the characteristic features of the produced pytase enzyme can be proposed that it is convenient to be used in Industrial area
Embedded Policing and Policy Enforcement Approach for Future Secure IoT Technologies

The Internet of Things (IoT) holds great potential for productivity, quality control, supply chain efficiencies and overall business operations. However, with this broader connectivity, new vulnerabilities and attack vectors are being introduced, increasing opportunities for systems to be compromised by hackers and targeted attacks. These vulnerabilities pose severe threats to a myriad of IoT applications within areas such as manufacturing, healthcare, power and energy grids, transportation and commercial building management. While embedded OEMs offer technologies, such as hardware Trusted Platform Module (TPM), that deploy strong chain-of-trust and authentication mechanisms, still they struggle to protect against vulnerabilities introduced by vendors and end users, as well as additional threats posed by potential technical vulnerabilities and zero-day attacks. This paper proposes a pro-active policy-based approach, enforcing the principle of least privilege, through hardware Security Policy Engine (SPE) that actively monitors communication of applications and system resources on the system communication bus (ARM AMBA-AXI4). Upon detecting a policy violation, for example, a malicious application accessing protected storage, it counteracts with predefined mitigations to limit the attack. The proposed SPE approach widely complements existing embedded hardware and software security technologies, targeting the mitigation of risks imposed by unknown vulnerabilities of embedded applications and protocols.
Equatorial Deep Jets -Modelling and Observation

The equatorial deep jets (EDJs) are strong vertically alternating zonal flows extending over almost the full depth of the equatorial oceans. They are trapped in a narrow equatorial band of roughly 1◦ latitude about the equator, associated with a vertical scale of between 300 m and 700 m; in the Atlantic Ocean, they have a time scale of about 4.5 years. The crossequatorial width of the EDJs is found to be roughly 1.5 times larger than implied by the linear inviscid theory based on their vertical scale. In this work, EDJs are simulated using a forced, dissipative low-frequency equatorial basin mode in a shallow water model associated with a high-order baroclinic vertical normal mode. The lateral mixing of momentum is found to result in a widening of the simulated EDJs; the widening of the EDJs by the lateral mixing of momentum is considered as one of the explanations of the enhanced cross-equatorial width of the observed EDJs. The zonal velocities measured by the Argo floats are used for comparison of the meridional profiles and the flow strength with the simulations. A value of 300 m/s for the lateral mixing coefficient is found to be sufficient to account for the observed width of the EDJs; also, the implementation of the background barotropic mean flow leads to a better agreement with the observations at latitudes higher than 2.5◦ either side of the equator.
A Brief Overview on Students’ Mobility and its Impact on Second language Use

This article spotlights an important facet of internationalization of higher education, namely students and research career mobility. In addition to the various attempts that some countries worldwide established to build educational bridges in order to align with the global world, the Arab world seems to have become more aware of the importance of cross-border collaborative arrangements. In this regard, this overview builds on the new developments that were globally emerged to foster mobility and exchange programmes, casting more light on the Arab world, including Algeria. The foci of the discussion around this article is to address briefly second language use among students as an important linguistic element that crossing borders could impinge on.
Non-Keynesian Effects of Fiscal Policy Changes: International Evidence and the Swedish Experience

In earlier work we documented two episodes in which a sharp fiscal consolidation was associated with a very large expansions in private domestic demand. In this paper we draw on further evidence to investigate if and when fiscal policy changes can have such non-Keynesian effects. In the first part of the paper, we analyze cross-country data for 19 OECD countries. In the second, we concentrate on the Swedish fiscal expansion of the early 1990s. The cross-country evidence on private consumption confirms that fiscal policy changes - both contractions and expansions - can have non-Keynesian effects if they are sufficiently large and persistent, and suggests that these effects can result not only from changes in public consumption but to some extent also from changes in taxes and transfers. The latter result is consistent with the Swedish experience where a decrease in net taxes (with almost no change in public consumption) was associated with a dramatic fall in private domestic demand. Our evidence and that from other studies agree that during the Swedish fiscal expansion of the early 1990s a large negative error appears in the consumption function. There is less consensus about how this error should be interpreted, but it is clear that the most obvious candidates (wealth effects and after-tax real interest rate effects) are not sufficient to explain it. This error may reflect a large downward revision of permanent disposable income, which affected the consumption of Swedish households over and beyond the negative effects of the drop in real asset prices. We suggest that this revision in permanent income may have been triggered, at least partly, by the fiscal expansion of the early 1990s.
Increased organic contamination found on mobile phones after touching it while using the toilet

Background: Mobile phones are considered as an indispensable handheld item in society today. Frequently used, these devices are a “high-touched” commodity. Previous research has demonstrated that E. coli and other environmental contamination are responsible for the contamination of mobile phones. This study will measure the level of contamination (or sanitation) of mobile phones at an educational institution. Method: The Hygiena MicroSnap Coliform and E. coli Enrichment Swab and the Coliform and E. coli Detection Swabs were used to detect the presence (or absence) of E. coli and total coliforms on subjects’ mobile phones. The Hygiena UltraSnap ATP Surface Test was used to detect levels of ATP. The SystemSURE Plus Luminometer generated readings in RLUs that determined the level of sanitation. In addition, each subject answered two questions regarding their gender and whether or not they have touched their phones while using the toilet within the past week. Results: No presence of E. coli or total coliforms were detected (0 RLUs). A one-tailed paired T-test confirmed that the ATP levels sampled from participants that touched their phones while using the toilet within the past week was statistically significant (P=0.008390). A two-tailed paired T-test confirmed that ATP levels was not statistically significantly different between males and females. Conclusions: Based on the results, touching mobile phones while using the toilet contributes to increased ATP levels found on mobile phones. There were no differences in ATP levels found between males and females. Future studies are required to confirm this.
Poor scaling between elastic energy release and eruption intensity at Tungurahua Volcano, Ecuador

An important objective in volcanology is the quantification of eruption intensity through the study of elastic energy propagated into the atmosphere and ground. To better understand the relation between elastic wave radiation and eruptive activity we deployed seismic, acoustic, and video instrumentation at the active Tungurahua Volcano (Ecuador) in Nov.–Dec. of 2004. Our data show that plume expansion scales very poorly with both seismic and acoustic trace energy and only the initial amplitude of the acoustic signal is perhaps correlated with initial plume rise speeds. In general, the eventual size of Tungurahua eruption plumes does not appear to be controlled by elevated material accelerations within the conduit, which are primary influences on elastic energy radiation. This result has vital implications for volcano observatories, which are interested in using seismic and acoustic trace amplitudes as proxies for eruption magnitudes.
Improvement of delayed detached-eddy simulation for LES with wall modelling

Adjustments are proposed of the Delayed Detached Eddy Simulation (DDES) approach to turbulence. They preserve the DDES capabilities particularly for natural DES uses, and resolve the mismatch of the logarithmic layers discovered earlier for the basic DES technique when used for Wall-Modelled Large-Eddy Simulation (WMLES) of attached flows. The adjustments are defined both for the Spalart-Allmaras and the Menter SST models. The first one concerns the definition of the LES length scale in general for anisotropic grids near a wall, and makes use of the wall distance along with the grid spacing; it clearly benefits even the Smagorinsky model. The second one manages the blending of RANS and LES behaviour within a WMLES to advantage, greatly increasing the resolved turbulence activity near the wall, and finely adjusting the resolved logarithmic layer. This is seen in channel flow over a wide Reynolds-number range, and through some grid variations. Tests show that the new method, although somewhat more complex, returns the desired behaviour not only in channel-flow LES, but also in channel-flow RANS, in a backward-facing-step case with side-by-side LES and RANS regions, and over an airfoil in deep stall.