Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
LA FLEXIBILIZACIÓN LABORAL: FORMAS Y REFORMAS EN LA EDUCACIÓN PÚBLICA

Articulo de investigacion de caracter socio juridico en el que se analizan los procesos de reforma legal al regimen laboral docente en el contexto de las poli-ticas neoliberales y procesos de estabilizacion y ajuste estructural desarrolla-dos en la actualidad en Colombia. Se pretendio darle respuesta a un problema de investigacion: ? Que aspectos han caracterizado la politica laboral docente en la educacion publica colombiana en el marco de las reformas neoliberales vigentes? Desde el analisis documental y de texto se logro elaborar el trabajo de sintesis que registra este documento. Se concluye que la politica laboral docente impulsada en Colombia en el periodo actual, restringe derechos, garantias y libertades de los educadores en materia de remuneracion, estabilidad, derecho de asociacion sindical y libertad de catedra, entre otros. La flexibilizacion de las relaciones laborales constituye un objetivo principal de la politica laboral docente en Colombia, motivada en propositos de austeridad fiscal y la necesi-dad de diezmar la capacidad de movilizacion del magisterio y sus organiza-ciones sindicales.
The ‘Policultivo Ganadero’, or the Secondary Products Revolution in Spanish Agriculture, 5000–1000 bc

In the Secondary Products Revolution model advanced by Sherratt it was predicted that increased use of animals for labour and dairy products would be visible archaeologically in animal bone collections. Published faunal data from Spain and Portugal for the period 5000–1000 bc show that horses, traction animals and dairy products all became more important after 2000 bc. An historical-geographical analogy from pre-industrial Spain suggests that by 1500 bc there was a degree of specialization in stockraising which could be understood best if sites were integrated economically over a wide region. This is the ‘policultivo ganadero’ of Spanish geographers, and the title is selected deliberately to compare with the Mediterranean polyculture based on plants.
A Ridge Gap Waveguide fed apperture-coupled microstrip antenna array for 60 GHz applications

This paper deals with the design of patch antenna arrays with Ridge Gap Waveguides (RGW) feed networks at 60-GHz band. An array of 64 radiating elements are designed and simulated to demonstrate the good performance of the proposed array. The proposed antenna shows the gain up to 22.6 dBi, efficiency higher than 80% and an impedance bandwidth of 13% covering 59–67 GHz. The results are valuable for the design and evaluation of wideband planar antenna arrays at millimeter-wave frequencies.
Atherosclerosis risk factors in children of high risk families.

UNLABELLED The Objective of this study was to determine the frequency of care reactive atherosclerosis risk factors in children of parents with premature coronary heart disease observed before their 45 years of age for the promotion of the effectivity of the preventive work started in childhood and adolescent ages. METHODS Height and weight was measured. Body mass index (BMI) was calculated. Fat analysis was performed in children with overweight. Blood pressure was measured and both 24 hour monitoring and fundoscopy were performed in cases with a blood pressure higher than 90 centile values. Fasting blood sugar (BS) level was measured. Oral glucose tolerance test was made in cases with a fasting BS level higher than 5 mmol/l. Serum total cholesterol (TC), HDL-cholesterol (HDLC) and total triglyceride (TT) levels were measured and LDL-cholesterol (LDLC) level was calculated. The plasma thiobarbituric acid reactive system (TBARS) was investigated. Statistical analyses were performed by chi2 and Student t-probes. Data of 1140 offsprings and 457 referents without any high atherosclerotic risk family history were analyzed. RESULTS BMI of 87 offsprings was higher than the 90 centile value. The fat percent of the body of these children was higher than 40. The blood pressure of 311 children and adolescents was higher than the 90 centile value. Fasting BS level was higher than 5 mmol/l in 47 cases 17 of them showed a pathologic oral glucose tolerance test. High serum TC level was observed in 67 cases, high serum TT level was found in 8 cases. 245 offsprings had a low serum HDLC level. The plasma TBARS level was high in 241 cases. Data of referents differed significantly from those of offsprings. Their serum TC, LDLC levels and plasma TBARS level were lower, serum HDLC level was higher than that of children and adolescents with high risk atherosclerotic family history. CONCLUSION Risk factors of atherosclerosis are detectable in children and adolescents of high risk families. The measurement of these factors may help the efficacy of the preventive work.
Infertility, recurrent pregnancy loss and sperm DNA fragmentation, have we found the missing link?

Infertility, defined as the inability to achieve pregnancy after 12 months of unprotected intercourse (1), affects approximately 15% of the couples at reproductive age (2,3). Globally, infertility rates are increasing (4) and as a consequence the use of fertility treatments for conceiving are growing. Since the birth of Louise Brown in 1978, more than 5 million children have been born by fertility treatments in the last 40 years worldwide (5). The etiology of infertility is multifactorial and may include female factors such as anovulation and mechanical issues as well as male factors, mainly abnormal sperm count or function. Yet, male infertility accounts for 30–55% of infertility among couples (6).
Theoretical Study of Bone Sialoprotein in Bone Biomineralization

Bone sialoprotein (BSP) is an acidic, non-collagenous protein specific to bone proposed previously to promote hydroxyapatite (HAP) nucleation and modulate HAP nanocrystal growth. Specifically, two phosphorylated acidic amino acid sequences in BSP, highly conserved across several vertebrates, are the proposed active sites. We selected one of these sites, i.e. (Sp)2E8, where Sp represents a phosphoserine as a model peptide to study the role of BSP. We used molecular dynamics simulations to determine whether an α-helix or a random coil peptide conformation promotes templated HAP nucleation. A bioinformatics method helps infer preferential crystal growth directions by predicting the likely peptide conformations adsorbed on the (001), (100), and (110) crystal faces of HAP. Results suggest that, independent of conformation, no stable nucleating template is formed and, thus, the ion distributions in the vicinity of the peptide that eventually lead to a stable nucleus start out with disordered arrangements of ions. When adsorbed on all three faces, the Sp residues bind strongly regardless of the peptide conformation, and the Glu residues show different propensities to form helical conformations. The lack of geometrical templating between the peptide residues and all HAP surface sites indicates that adsorption and subsequent crystal growth modulation may be structurally nonspecific.
Regional Trade and 19th-Century Mosul: Revising the Role of Europe in the Middle East Economy

During the past two decades, historians of the last Ottoman centuries have produced ground-breaking research documenting the increasing economic interaction between Europe and the Middle East. Relying on information about the empire's trade with Europe, scholars have concluded that the 19th century was a time of transformation–in culture, in politics, and in economics. By thus calling our attention to changing circumstances, these historians, economists, art historians, and sociologists have outlined a general landscape of upheaval and change.1 Monographs on Ottoman cities, focusing on the effects of international trade on coastal areas, have begun to sketch in the epicenters of massive economic dislocation.2
Proteoglycans in health and disease: the multiple roles of syndecan shedding

Proteolytic processes in the extracellular matrix are a major influence on cell adhesion, migration, survival, differentiation and proliferation. The syndecan cell‐surface proteoglycans are important mediators of cell spreading on extracellular matrix and respond to growth factors and other biologically active polypeptides. The ectodomain of each syndecan is constitutively shed from many cultured cells, but is accelerated in response to wound healing and diverse pathophysiological events. Ectodomain shedding is an important regulatory mechanism, because it rapidly changes surface receptor dynamics and generates soluble ectodomains that can function as paracrine or autocrine effectors, or competitive inhibitors. It is known that the family of syndecans can be shed by a variety of matrix proteinase, including many metzincins. Shedding is particularly active in proliferating and invasive cells, such as cancer cells, where cell‐surface components are continually released. Here, recent research into the shedding of syndecans and its physiological relevance are assessed.
Molecular analysis of genetic variation among large- and small-bodied sage grouse using mitochondrial control-region sequences

Sage Grouse (Centrocercus urophasianus) are lek breeders whose numbers are in serious decline in some areas owing to fragmentation and loss of shrubsteppe habitat (Aldrich 1963, Johnsgard 1983, Braun 1993, 1995). Based on plumage differences (Aldrich and Duvall 1955), they have been divided taxonomically into two subspecies: C. u. urophasianus (Eastern Sage Grouse) and C. u. phaios (Western Sage Grouse), although the validity of these subspecies designations has been questioned (Johnsgard 1983). Differences in size, filoplume length, tail banding, strut display, and vocalizations (Barber 1991, Hupp and Braun 1991, Young 1994, Young et al. 1994, Braun and Young 1995) led Braun and Young (1995) to propose that the "large-bodied" and "small-bodied" forms of Sage Grouse constitute two distinct species. The largest population of the small-bodied Sage Grouse is in Gunnison County, Colorado (2,400 to 3,000 individuals; C. E. Braun unpubl. data), in a montane basin surrounded by tall mountains (3,100 to 4,200 m) to the north and east (Hupp and Braun 1989) and the Great Basin desert to the west (Young et al. 1994). Sage Grouse that were extirpated from New Mexico, Oklahoma, Arizona, and at least nine other counties in southwestern Colorado probably belonged to this small-bodied taxon as well (Young et al. 1994). The main goals of this study were to ascertain whether genetic differences exist between the largeand small-bodied forms of Sage Grouse and to estimate a crude time frame involved in the morphological and behavioral differences between the forms. We surveyed the rapidly evolving control region of the mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) genome because it is likely to be informative for resolving differences
Closed-Loop Discontinuous Modulation Technique for Capacitor Voltage Ripples and Switching Losses Reduction in Modular Multilevel Converters

In this paper, a new discontinuous modulation technique is presented for the operation of the modular multilevel converter (MMC). The modulation technique is based on adding a zero sequence to the original modulation signals so that the MMC arms are clamped to the upper or lower terminals of the dc-link bus. The clamping intervals are controlled according to the absolute value of the output current to minimize the switching losses of the MMC. A significant reduction in the capacitor voltage ripples is achieved, especially when operating with low modulation indices. Furthermore, a circulating current control strategy suitable for this modulation technique is also proposed. Simulation and experimental results under various operating points are reported along with evaluation and comparison results against a conventional carrier-based pulse width modulation method.
Reverse Voltage Multilevel Inverter for Photovoltaic System with Fuzzy logic based MPPT Controller

For high power equipments in Industry, application of multilevel inverter has become popular. So, multilevel inverter have been widely used for high-power high voltage distributed generation(DG) applications. In this paper Reverse voltage(RV) multilevel topology is proposed, which has reduced number of switches, electromagnetic interference & increased efficiency. This work focused on operation & integration of a single phase RV multilevel inverter with photovoltaic(PV) sources. PV system is made to operate with maximum power output at a point know as maximum power point(MPP). In this paper a fuzzy logic controller is used as MPPT controller. The proposed work is verified through simulation using MATLAB/SIMULINK
Statistical properties of chaotic sequences generated by Jacobian elliptic Chebyshev rational maps

Jacobian elliptic Chebyshev map is introduced as a rational version of Chebyshev polynomial, whose invariant measure is defined by homeomorphism of tent map. Such an elliptic function and its derivative, another elliptic function, induce Jacobian elliptic Chebyshev curve. Real-valued orbits on such a curve provide uniform distribution and give sequences of i.i. d. 2D binary random variables.
RNA Chaperone Function of a Universal Stress Protein in Arabidopsis Confers Enhanced Cold Stress Tolerance in Plants

The physiological function of Arabidopsis thaliana universal stress protein (AtUSP) in plant has remained unclear. Thus, we report here the functional role of the Arabidopsis universal stress protein, AtUSP (At3g53990). To determine how AtUSP affects physiological responses towards cold stress, AtUSP overexpression (AtUSP OE) and T-DNA insertion knock-out (atusp, SALK_146059) mutant lines were used. The results indicated that AtUSP OE enhanced plant tolerance to cold stress, whereas atusp did not. AtUSP is localized in the nucleus and cytoplasm, and cold stress significantly affects RNA metabolism such as by misfolding and secondary structure changes of RNA. Therefore, we investigated the relationship of AtUSP with RNA metabolism. We found that AtUSP can bind nucleic acids, including single- and double-stranded DNA and luciferase mRNA. AtUSP also displayed strong nucleic acid-melting activity. We expressed AtUSP in RL211 Escherichia coli, which contains a hairpin-loop RNA structure upstream of chloramphenicol acetyltransferase (CAT), and observed that AtUSP exhibited anti-termination activity that enabled CAT gene expression. AtUSP expression in the cold-sensitive Escherichia coli (E. coli) mutant BX04 complemented the cold sensitivity of the mutant cells. As these properties are typical characteristics of RNA chaperones, we conclude that AtUSP functions as a RNA chaperone under cold-shock conditions. Thus, the enhanced tolerance of AtUSP OE lines to cold stress is mediated by the RNA chaperone function of AtUSP.
Modified Synchronous Pulsewidth Modulation of Current-Fed Five-Level Inverter for Solar Integration

Large-scale photovoltaic (LSPV) energy conversion systems have been installed at many places across the world. The essential component of the LSPV system is the dc–ac conversion stage. The usage of multilevel converters is one of the recent advances in the dc–ac conversion stage of the LSPV system to enable transformer-less inversion. Current-fed multilevel inverter has been chosen in this paper as it provides high power inversion with inherent voltage boosting, and thus, avoids the usage of transformer. High power conversion necessitates low device switching frequency operation in order to satisfy thermal constraint of semiconductor devices and also to improve efficiency. However, low device switching frequency operation leads to higher harmonic distortion of inverter output currents. Synchronous optimal pulsewidth modulation (SOP) technique is an emerging low device switching frequency modulation technique that has been successfully implemented for voltage-source multilevel inverters. However, the state-of-the-art SOP technique cannot be directly applied to modulate current-source multilevel inverter topologies due to additional constraints on the switching commutations. Therefore, the purpose of our study was to propose a modified SOP technique to achieve: low device switching frequency and minimal harmonic distortion of inverter output currents. The topology of current-fed five-level inverter was used for demonstrating the performance of proposed technique. A generalized conversion method was introduced in the modified SOP technique for including switching constraints of the current-fed inverter. In addition, a state-sequencing machine was developed by utilizing redundant inverter states to produce equal switching commutation among all semiconductor devices at minimal switching frequency of 350 Hz. The experimental results obtained from the five-level current-source inverter of 1.2 kW demonstrated the effectiveness of the proposed SOP technique.
Anticoagulants and antiplatelet drugs

T here are two major groups of anticoagulant drugs: the heparins (parenteral drugs which now include standard heparin; an increasing number of low molecular weight [LMW] heparins; and a range of heparin-like materials, or heparinoids)1.2 and the oral anticoaqulants.s These are very effective in the prevention and treatment of both venous and arterial thromboembolism. The value of antiplatelet drugs, on the other hand, is restricted to treatment of some forms of arterial thromboembolism and they have no place in the management of venous disease. Aspirin is the only widely used anti platelet agent, although newer drugs are under active evaluation.
ESPAR Antenna System for Dynamic Tracking of Active Targets

Paper encompasses formulation of mathematical model, simulation and later designing of ESPAR (Electronically Steerable Parasitic Array Radiator) antenna capable of dynamic tracking of active targets in 3D. Variable reactance set was loaded in array of elements surrounding center element. Reactance value for placement of maxima is specified direction in 3D axis is formulated using Quasi Newton Method. Using calculated values 3D beam steering is achieved. Around 8 dB gain is achieved in specified direction of Theta and Phi. Designed antenna is efficient in terms of size and cost as all the elements are placed at Lambda/4, thereby revolutionizing present day communication systems and replacing conventional Omni directional antennas in Radios, Laptops, Cell phones. Along with efficient beam forming designed antenna is a step forward towards green technology, operating at reduced powers without disrupting EIRP of antenna systems, thereby maintaining constant EIRP.
α1-Adrenergic Receptor Signaling via Gh Is Subtype Specific and Independent of Its Transglutaminase Activity*

Tissue transglutaminase (TGase II) is a Ca2+- and thiol-dependent enzyme that catalyzes the post-translational modification of proteins via the formation of ε(γ-glutamyl) lysine bonds. We have shown previously that the GTP-binding protein, Gh, is a TGase II that mediates intracellular signaling by the α1B-adrenergic receptor (AR) (Nakaoka, H., Perez, D. M., Baek, K. J., Das, T., Husain, A., Mison, K., Im, M.-J., and Graham, R. M. (1994) Science 264, 1593-1596). Here, we evaluated the ability of Gh as compared with Gq to mediate receptor-stimulated inositol phosphate turnover by the three α1-subtypes (α1A, α1B, and α1D). In addition, we questioned if the transglutaminase function of Gh is involved in its receptor signaling activity. A mutant form of a human TGase II cDNA in which the codon for the active site cysteine (Cys277) was replaced by serine was cloned into the mammalian expression vector pMT2′. Compared with wild-type TGase II, no transglutaminase activity was observed with transient transfection of this Cys→Ser mutant in COS-1 cells. However, like wild-type TGase, the Cys→Ser mutant mediated receptor-stimulated inositol phosphate turnover when cotransfected with an α1B-AR cDNA. Gαq supported α1-AR-mediated inositol phosphate turnover by all three receptor subtypes. By contrast, although both the wild-type and Cys→Ser construct mediated receptor signaling by the α1B AR and α1D AR, the α1A-AR was unable to interact with Gh. However, a Gh-dependent signaling phenotype could be rescued by a chimeric α1A construct in which the third intracellular loop of the α1A-AR was replaced by that of the α1B-AR. Thus, the signaling function of Gh is independent of its transglutaminase activity and is α1-AR subtype specific. This subtype specificity of the interaction between α1 ARs and Gh involves important determinants in their third intracellular loops.
Ankle and Hindfoot Fusions: Comparison of Outcomes in Patients with and without Diabetes

Background: Patients with diabetes mellitus (DM) are believed to have higher complication rates when undergoing ankle and hindfoot fusions, but data is lacking. The purpose of this study was to compare the postoperative outcomes of major foot and ankle arthrodeses in patients with and without DM. Another goal was to evaluate what effect glycemic control had on the outcomes of patients with diabetes. Methods: A retrospective review of charts from operative years 2005 to 2010 was performed. Inclusion criteria encompassed patients requiring major hindfoot and/or ankle fusion. Exclusion criteria included any patient who did not have at least 6-month followup. Seventy four patients with DM were matched with 74 non-DM patients based on age, gender, and length of surgery. Significance was set at p < 0.05 with associated 95% confidence intervals. Results: The overall complication rate was found to be significantly higher in patients with DM, a history of tobacco use, and peripheral neuropathy. The postoperative infection rate was found to be significantly higher in patients with DM, poor long-term glucose control (Hgb A1c levels greater than or equal to 7%), a history of tobacco use, peripheral artery disease, and peripheral neuropathy. Our rate of noninfectious complications was found to be significantly higher in patients with DM, poor short-term glucose control (a preoperative glucose greater than 200 mg/dL), a history of tobacco use, and previous solid organ transplantation. Patients greater than or equal to 65 years of age were significantly associated with fewer overall complications and postoperative infections. Conclusion: This study confirmed our hypothesis that patients with DM were at increased risk for postoperative complications after foot and/or ankle arthrodesis when compared to patients without DM. A secondary finding of this study demonstrated patients with poor short- and long-term glucose control experienced more complications. Level of Evidence: III, Retrospective Comparative Study