Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Robust visual tracking based on kernelized correlation filters

Recently, kernelized correlation Filter-based trackers have aroused the interest of many researchers and achieved good results in the field of tracking. However, the current tracking model based on kernelized correlation filters can not deal with the changes of the target appearance and scale effectively. Therefore, in this paper, we intend to solve these two problems and improve the robustness of the tracking method. Two robust loss functions are offered to address the problem of overfitting in the training process. In addition, a separate scale filter is learned for scale estimation during the tracking process. A large number of experimental results in a variety of complex environments demonstrate that the robustness of visual tracking based on kernelized correlation filters has been greatly improved by our robust collaborative regularization correlation model.
Cell‐autonomous stress responses in innate immunity

The innate immune response of phagocytes to microbes has long been known to depend on the core signaling cascades downstream of pattern recognition receptors (PRRs), which lead to expression and production of inflammatory cytokines that counteract infection and induce adaptive immunity. Cell‐autonomous responses have recently emerged as important mechanisms of innate immunity. Either IFN‐inducible or constitutive, these processes aim to guarantee cell homeostasis but have also been shown to modulate innate immune response to microbes and production of inflammatory cytokines. Among these constitutive cell‐autonomous responses, autophagy is prominent and its role in innate immunity has been well characterized. Other stress responses, such as metabolic stress, the ER stress/unfolded protein response, mitochondrial stress, or the DNA damage response, seem to also be involved in innate immunity, although the precise mechanisms by which they regulate the innate immune response are not yet defined. Of importance, these distinct constitutive cell‐autonomous responses appear to be interconnected and can also be modulated by microbes and PRRs, which add further complexity to the interplay between innate immune signaling and cell‐autonomous responses in the mediation of an efficient innate immune response.
A Cluster Based Query Protocol for Wireless Sensor Networks

Due to many resource constraints of wireless sensor networks and characteristics of sensor data stream, some of the data management techniques that work well for traditional databases are insufficient for managing and processing sensor network data. In this paper we present a cluster based query protocol for wireless sensor networks which uses self-organized sensor clusters to register queries, process queries and disseminate data within the sensor network. This protocol can provide an integrated solution to address some of the challenge problems of wireless sensor networks, including locating sensors, energy efficient data query processing, and fault tolerant network operations
Detection and Viability of Campylobacter Species Isolates from Different Species of Poultry and Humans in Sokoto State, Nigeria

Aim : The study was conducted to determine the prevalence and viability of Campylobacter species isolates from different species of poultry and humans in Sokoto State, Nigeria. Materials and Methods : A cross-sectional study was performed in the live birds markets, humans on admission and at outpatient clinics in the randomly selected hospitals in Sokoto State. Isolation and characterization of Campylobacter species were performed using standard culture isolation techniques and biochemical characterization. A total of 798 (506 cloacal and 292 fecal) swabs from poultry and humans, respectively, were collected and analyzed. The viability of 307 isolates stored in 15% glycerol and 85% tryptone broth at −20°C was determined after 7-13 months. Results : A total of 312 (39%) were positive for Campylobacter species which comprises 119 (30%), 20 (30%), 3 (14%), 9 (56%), 1 (50%), and 160 (55%) in chicken, guinea fowls, pigeons, ducks, turkey, and humans, respectively. The total of 38 (24%), 63 (39%), and 59 (37%) humans and 29 (19%), 79 (52%), and 44 (29%) poultry isolates were positive for Campylobacter jejuni , Campylobacter Coli , and Campylobacter Lari, respectively. A total of 261 (85%) of the stored isolates were still viable on re-isolation with the viability rates of 41 (95%), 67 (85%), and 17 (59%) at 7, 9, and 13 months of storage, respectively. There was a negative correlation between months of storage and viability rates. However, there was no significant statistical association (p>0.05) between prevalence rate and species of poultry. Conclusion : Campylobacter species have been detected with varying degree of prevalence in both poultry and humans and their ability to survive freezing at −20°C (95%) for up to 7 months has been revealed in the study. This is not only a concern to food and livestock industries but also a concern to the public health at large, especially, in view of the study area being considered one of the largest livestock producers in Nigeria. Campylobacteriosis is known to be associated with the cost of gastroenteritis management, antimicrobial resistance, food contamination, and complications such as a paralytic condition called Guillain-Barre syndrome.
Identification of Trueperella (Arcanobacterium) bernardiae by matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry analysis and by species-specific PCR.

Trueperella (Arcanobacterium) bernardiae was first described as a probable opportunistic pathogen in 1987. It was among isolates from a variety of clinical specimens in the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention described as group 2 coryneform bacteria (Na’Was et al., 1987). It was finally classified in the genus Arcanobacterium by Ramos et al. (1997). However, Yassin et al. (2011) proposed that Arcanobacterium bernardiae together with Arcanobacterium abortisuis, Arcanobacterium pyogenes, Arcanobacterium bialowiezense and Arcanobacterium bonasi should be reclassified into the newly described genus Trueperella. T. bernardiae has been reported as causative agent of urinary tract infections (Ieven et al., 1996; Lepargneur et al., 1998), from a patient suffering from septic arthritis (Adderson et al., 1998), from necrotizing fasciitis (Clarke et al., 2010), from coinfection with Staphylococcus aureus from chronic osteitis (Bemer et al., 2009) and more recently from bacteraemia of a patient with a deep soft tissue infection (Weitzel et al., 2011). However, the latter could be identified by partial sequencing of the 16S rRNA gene but not by classical biochemical tests, indicating that additional species characteristics would assist a future identification of this bacterial species.
A Distributed TDMA Scheduling Algorithm Based on Exponential Backoff Rule and Energy-Topology Factor in Internet of Things

In the Internet of Things scene, the wireless sensor network (WSN) is widely used to monitor and perceive various context environments. The efficient utilization of time division multiple access (TDMA) slot resource has attracted more and more attention, especially for applications with high network performance requirements, for example, vehicular networks. The characteristics of the WSN, which have limited battery volume and variable topology structure, restrict the development of the centralized time slot allocation algorithm. Moreover, the traditional distributed time slot allocation algorithm is helpless to reduce the energy consumption, even if the variable topology is solved to some extent. In this paper, we propose the distributed TDMA scheduling algorithm based on exponential backoff rule and energy-topology factor, namely EB-ET-distributed randomized (DRAND) algorithm. We analyze the typical DRAND time slot assignment algorithm and the distributed TDMA slot scheduling algorithm based on energy-topology factor, which is proposed in our another work. By introducing the idea of Lamport’s bakery algorithm, the priority control algorithm based on exponential backoff rules and energy-topology factor are presented to appropriately adjust the priority of time slot allocation and greatly reduce the probabilities of message collision and time slot allocation failure. Then, we introduce the implementation processes of the EB-ET-DRAND scheduling algorithm in various different states. The time slot structure and frame formats of algorithm are designed in detail. Finally, we implement a mesh network simulation system to evaluate the performance of proposed scheme. The experimental results indicate that the EB-ET-DRAND scheduling algorithm greatly improves the performance of time slot allocation and reduces the message complexity, time complexity, and energy consumption.
Megaoesophagus in a patient with autoimmune polyglandular syndrome Type II

Dysphagia and vomiting are frequently present in untreated Addison's disease. These non‐specific symptoms may be due either to the metabolic disorder and myopathy or to disorders associated with Addison's disease. We describe a patient with autoimmune adrenal failure as a feature of autoimmune polyglandular syndrome (APS) type II. This patient was referred initially because of megaoesophagus. The association of megaoesophagus with Addison's disease or any of the three types of APS has not previously been described in humans. The association of megaoesophagus and adrenal failure, however, is known to occur in Allgrove's syndrome, a disease with primary manifestation in childhood characterized by adrenal failure, achalasia and alacrimia. Moreover, there are several reports on the association of megaoesophagus with adrenocortical insufficiency and other autoimmune endocrine diseases in dogs.
RadViz Deluxe: An Attribute-Aware Display for Multivariate Data

Modern data, such as occurring in chemical engineering, typically entail large collections of samples with numerous dimensional components (or attributes). Visualizing the samples in relation of these components can bring valuable insight. For example, one may be able to see how a certain chemical property is expressed in the samples taken. This could reveal if there are clusters and outliers that have specific distinguishing properties. Current multivariate visualization methods lack the ability to reveal these types of information at a sufficient degree of fidelity since they are not optimized to simultaneously present the relations of the samples as well as the relations of the samples to their attributes. We propose a display that is designed to reveal these multiple relations. Our scheme is based on the concept of RadViz, but enhances the layout with three stages of iterative refinement. These refinements reduce the layout error in terms of three essential relationships—sample to sample, attribute to attribute, and sample to attribute. We demonstrate the effectiveness of our method via various real-world domain examples in the domain of chemical process engineering. In addition, we also formally derive the equivalence of RadViz to a popular multivariate interpolation method called generalized barycentric coordinates.
Tracking miRNAs' footprints in tumor–microenvironment interactions: Insights and implications for targeted cancer therapy

In the past decades, cancer medicine studies have mainly focused on tumor cell biology as the main promoter of solid tumor progression. However, tumor biology does not explain the intertwinement and ambiguity of the tumors' territory. Recently, the approach of understanding cancer has shifted from investigating the biology of tumor cells to studying the microenvironment surrounding them. MicroRNAs (miRNAs), which play a role in exploiting indigenous stromal cells and are components that cooperate and produce a favorable microenvironment for progressive tumor formation, have been implicated in numerous processes essential for tumor initiation and growth. Understanding the mechanisms underlying interactions between tumor cells and their adjacent environment holds many promises for the future of cancer‐targeted therapies. Herein, we provide a step‐by‐step account of miRNA involvement in tumor–microenvironment interactions as the micromediators of tumor cell and stroma communications. We also focus on the clinical challenges in using miRNAs tof overcome therapy resistance mechanisms and tumor heterogeneity bias in cancer therapy. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Machine-learning pour la prédiction des prix dans le secteur du tourisme en ligne

Nous nous interessons au probleme de la prediction de l’occurrence d’une baisse de prix pour fournir un conseil a l’achat immediat ou reporte d’un voyage sur un site web de comparaison des prix. La methodologie proposee repose sur l’apprentissage statistique d’un modele d’evolution du prix a partir de l’information conjointe d’attributs du voyage considere et d’observations passees du prix et de la "popularite" celui-ci. L’originalite principale consiste a representer l’evolution des prix par le processus ponctuel inhomogene des sauts de celui-ci. A partir d’une base de donnees constituee par liligo.com, nous mettons en oeuvre une methode d’apprentissage d’un modele d’evolution des prix. Ce modele permet de fournir un predicteur de l’occurrence d’une baisse du prix sur une periode future donnee et donc de prodiguer un conseil d’achat ou d’attente au client.
Aromatization of androstenedione by human adipose tissue stromal cells in monolayer culture.

Stromal cells and adipocytes were separated after collagenase treatment of adipose tissue obtained from women undergoing elective surgery, and these cells were used to study aromatization of [3H]androstenedione in vitro. Aromatization activity was estimated either 1) by determining the incorporation of tritium from [1-3H]androstenedione into [3H]water or else 2) by determining the formation of [3H]estrone (E1) and [3H]estradiol (E2) from [1,2,6,7-3H]androstenedione. It was established that only 13% of the aromatase activity of adipose tissue resided in the adipocyte fraction, whereas 87% of the aromatase activity was in the stromal/vascular fraction. Subsequent studies of aromatization were conducted utilizing stromal/vascular cells grown to confluence in monolayer culture. In such cells, the formation of [3H]E2 was slower initially but increased with time, and after 48 h of incubation, the amount of [3H]E2 produced exceeded that of [3H]E1. The rate of [3H]E1 formation, as a function of [3H]androstenedione concentration, followed Michaelis-Menten kinetics. The Vmax ranged from 0.8-3.0 pmol and ranged from 0.16-0.67 pmol mg-1 cell protein 6 h-1 in cells from omental adipose tissue. The apparent Km for [3H]androstenedione in stromal cells derived from both omental and sc tissue was the same, i.e. about 25 nM. We conclude that the ability of human adipose tissue to form estrogen is not a function primarily of the adipocytes but rather resides principally in the cells of the stroma.
Cytokinetic astralogy

Division plane specification in animal cells has long been presumed to involve direct contact between microtubules of the anaphase mitotic spindle and the cell cortex. In this issue, von Dassow et al. (von Dassow et al. 2009. J. Cell. Biol. doi:10.1083/jcb.200907090) challenge this assumption by showing that spindle microtubules can effectively position the division plane at a distance from the cell cortex.
Sozialdemokraziaren eraberritzearen bideez

Artikulu honek Erretirorako Prestakuntza Programen errebisio teorikoa egitea du helburu. Erretiroaren ondorioz gizabanakoaren egunerokotasuna aldatu egiten da, besteak beste, lantokian igarotzen zen ordutegia denbora libre bilakatzen da, langilearen rola galtzen da eta egoera horren ondorioz, erretiratuak hainbat egoera paira ditzake, adibidez, egonezina, antsietatea, depresioa eta zentzua emango dioten jarduerak bilatu beharra. Hori kontuan izanik, erretiroaren gaia ikertu duten egile askok azpimarratu dutenez, erretirorako prestakuntza-programak oso garrantzitsuak dira. Izan ere, horien bidez, erretiroaren ondorioz gerta daitezkeen ondorio ezkorrak saihestu eta bizi-kalitatea hobetu daiteke.
Optical Biosensors for Monitoring Dynamic Mass Redistribution in Living Cells Mediated by Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor Activation

This paper reported the identification and mechanism of dynamic mass redistribution in living cells mediated by epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) activation using resonant waveguide grating (RWG) biosensors. In response to epidermal growth factor (EGF) stimulation, human epidermoid carcinoma A431 cells gave rise to a dynamic response due to dynamic mass redistribution (DMR) in the cells. The DMR response was strongly dependent on cell culture conditions and EGF concentrations. The DMR response of quiescent A431 cells was found to be saturable to the concentration of EGF, and was able to be fully suppressed by a specific and potent EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitor, AG1478. The effect of various known inhibitors/drugs on the DMR response of quiescent A431 cells clearly showed that the EGF-induced DMR involves the Ras/mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinase pathway, and mainly proceeds through MEK. The DMR signatures obtained here offer integrated quantitative and dynamic representation of EGFR activation and can be used to screen modulators that can regulate critical targets in both the upstream and the downstream EGFR signaling pathways
Dietary iron supplementation: a proinflammatory attack on the intestine?

Iron deficiency is a global health problem affecting likewise two billion people, and this condition is more prevalent in developing than in industrialised countries. Specifically, in childhood, iron deficiency and subsequent iron deficiency anaemia are considered to negatively affect the development of children causing growth and mental retardation.1 This is due to the fact that iron is essential for oxygen transport as being the central molecule in haemoglobin and referred to the metal's function as an essential compound of many vital enzymes in mitochondrial respiration, metabolism, hormone synthesis and DNA replication. In order to prevent the negative consequences of iron deficiency on children's development, several controlled clinical trials were initiated to study the effects of dietary fortification with iron and other micronutrients on children's health mostly in rural sites of developing countries where such nutrients are scarce and where iron deficiency is highly prevalent. However, the results of these studies were staggering because iron supplementation resulted in a significant increase of infection related mortality, mostly related to malaria and invasive bacterial infections or increased morbidity due to diarrhoea.2 ,3 The mechanisms underlying these observations remained elusive thus far but may be linked to two major …
Survival and time interval from surgery to start of chemotherapy among colon cancer patients.

BACKGROUND Colon cancer is one of the most common cancers diagnosed within the United States. Survival with stage III colon cancer has improved with the addition of adjuvant chemotherapy as a component of treatment. Some patients with stage II colon cancer also receive chemotherapy. There has been a dearth of research about the effect of the timing of chemotherapy on survival. Recent studies have shown a possible link between the length of time between surgery and chemotherapy treatment and probability of survival. The present study investigated the association of chemotherapy with survival, and the association of initiating treatment within 45 days vs. more than 45 days after surgery with survival. METHODS We used Kaplan-Meier methods and multivariable Cox proportional hazards models to analyze the association of treatment and its timing with survival among patients who were listed as diagnosed with and having surgery for stage II or III colon cancer from 1997 to 1999 in the Massachusetts Cancer Registry. All tests were two-sided. RESULTS Of the 3,006 patients who met the eligibility criteria, 61% were still alive on December 31, 2003. Patients who received chemotherapy after surgery were more likely to survive than those who received surgery alone. However, those who received chemotherapy within 45 days did not have better survival than those who began treatment later (hazard ratio 1.16, 95% CI 0.92-1.47). Among stage II colon cancer patients alone, those who received chemotherapy after surgery had significantly lower mortality than those who received surgery alone (hazard ratio 0.75, 95% CI 0.58-0.96). CONCLUSIONS Adjuvant chemotherapy treatment after surgery for stage II and III colon cancer cases, but not the timing of its initiation, was associated with improved survival. Our study shows a benefit of chemotherapy for patients with stage II disease.
Demography and life history of wild red titi monkeys (Callicebus discolor) and equatorial sakis (Pithecia aequatorialis) in Amazonian Ecuador: A 12‐year study

We investigated demographic patterns and life history traits from several groups of red titi monkeys (Callicebus discolor) and equatorial sakis (Pithecia aequatorialis) monitored throughout the first 12 years (November 2003 through May 2015) of an ongoing research project in the Yasuní National Park and Biosphere Reserve, Ecuador. The saki groups ranged in size between two and six individuals, comprising either one adult male and one adult female or multiple adult‐sized males or females, plus immatures. Deviations from a pair‐living structure resulted when two different daughters of the resident female grew up and successfully reproduced in their natal group and when an adult‐sized male temporarily immigrated into the group when it already contained an adult male. The titi groups also ranged in size between two and six individuals, but almost exclusively lived in groups with one adult individual of each sex. No titi offspring were observed to breed in their natal groups, and both male and female offspring dispersed when they were between 2.1 and 5.0 years old. In both titi and saki groups, vacant breeding positions resulting from the disappearance of an adult group member were promptly occupied by immigrants of the same sex as the disappeared group member. We recorded nine saki and 28 titi births. Eighty‐three percent of the titi births occurred between September and January, suggesting reproductive seasonality. The mean interbirth interval after an infant survived its first 6 months was 21.3 ± SE 1.9 months (N = 3) for sakis and 14.5 ± SE 1.5 months (N = 14) for titis. Saki infant survival was 70%, and juvenile survival 57%. Titi infant survival was 88%, and juvenile survival was 53%. This 12‐year study provides important insights into the functioning and maintenance of pair‐living and social monogamy in two little‐known platyrrhine species. Am. J. Primatol. 78:204–215, 2016. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.