Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
AN ANALYSIS OF THE THIRD YEAR STUDENTS ABILITY IN TRANSLATING MANUALS OF MEDICAL EQUIPMENT FROM ENGLISH INTO INDONESIAN AT THE ENGLISH DEPARTMENT OF BUNG HATTA UNIVERSITY

Translation is one aspect of language component, and translation is one of learning subjects at the English Department of Bung Hatta University. The importance of translation subject for English students is to have the acknowledgments abouttransfering the meaning, so that they can absorb all of the information that written in English. They will be understood with each aspect. In translating manuals medical equipment, students should consider three aspects; they are adjust the meaning, lexical equivalence, and grammatical adjustment. The purpose of this study was to describe the third year students ability of English Department of Bung Hatta University in translating manuals medical equipment from English into Indonesian. The population of this research was the third year students of English Department of Bung Hatta University, and the researcher used one class as the sample. The data were collected through translation test by asking them to translate manuals medical equipment from English into Indonesian. To calculate the data, the researcher count the average score, then calculated Mean and standard deviation, after that classified the ability of students, finally calculated the percentage of students ability. The result of this study showed that in general the ability of the third year students of English Department of Bung Hatta University to translate manual medical equipment from English into Indonesian was moderate. It was proved that 72% students had moderate ability. Key words : Ability, translation, English Indonesian translation.
Enhanced Growth Rates of the Mediterranean Mussel in a Coastal Lagoon Driven by Groundwater Inflow

Groundwater discharge is today recognized as an important pathway for freshwater, nutrients and other dissolved chemical substances to coastal systems. While its effect on supporting primary production in coastal ecosystems is increasingly recognized, its impact on growth of animals at higher trophic level (primary and secondary consumers) is less well documented. Here, we investigate the impact of groundwater discharge on the growth of the Mediterranean mussel (Mytilus galloprovincialis) in a coastal lagoon. Growth rates and condition index (tissue weight/shell weight) of mussels growing at groundwater-exposed sites and at a control site in Salses-Leucate lagoon (France) were measured. The mussels in this lagoon produce circadian (daily rhythm) growth increments in their shell, as opposed to semi-diurnal increments in tidally influenced systems. Mussels from groundwater-influenced sites have higher growth rate and condition index compared to those from a control site. Importantly, growth rates from groundwater-influenced sites are amongst the highest rates reported for the Mediterranean region (41 ± 9 µm d −1). The higher growth rates at groundwater-influenced sites are likely a consequence of both the higher winter temperatures of lagoon water as a result of groundwater discharging with relatively constant temperatures, and the groundwater-driven nutrient supply that increase the food availability to support mussel growth. Overall, this study demonstrates that groundwater discharge to Mediterranean lagoons provides favorable environmental conditions for fast growth of mussels of high commercial-quality.
An unusual cause of lacunar infarcts: Lambl’s excrescences on aortic valve shown in detail by 3D transesophageal echocardiography

Abstract Lambl’s excrescences (LE) are rare cardiac structures. They are associated with catastrophic thromboembolic and coronary events. Despite resulting in such important events, 2D echocardiographic imaging modalities may overlook LE owing to very thin cardiac structures. So, 3D echocardiographic imaging modalities may fully offer this cardiac mass and provide us to more accurately guess the complication rate related to LE due to the fact that 3D echocardiographic imaging techniques have higher spatial resolution and are not based on the geometric assumption. Indeed, another benefit of 3D echocardiographic imaging modalities in this population is that these imaging modalities clearly provide the relationship to adjacent structures of LE and its movement over a cardiac cycle in 3D space. In our case report, we aim to present the usefulness of 3D echocardiography as a modality to clearly offer all features of LE, furthermore to give valuable information about management in patients with thromboembolic events leading to LE.
Design, synthesis and evaluation of biological activities of some novel anti-TB agents with bio-reducible functional group

Introduction: With regard to the anti-mycobacterial activity of 2-pyrazinoic acid esters (POEs), recent studies have shown that both pyrazine core and alkyl part of POE interact with the fatty acid synthase type (I) (FAS (I)) precluding a complex formation between NADPH and FAS (I). Methods: Considering this interaction at the reductase site of FAS (I) responsible for reduction of β-ketoacyl-CoA to β-hydroxyacyl-CoA, we hypothesized that POE containing a bioreducible center in its alkyl part might show an increased anti-tubercular activity due to the involvement of FAS (I) in extra bio-reduction reaction. Thus, we synthesized novel POEs, confirmed their structures by spectral data, and subsequently evaluated their anti-mycobacterial activity against Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) (H37Rv) strain at 10 μg/mL concentration. Results: Compounds 3c, 3j, and 3m showed higher activity with regard to the inhibition of Mtb growth by 45.4, 45.7, and 51.2% respectively. Unexpectedly, the maltol derived POE 3l having the lowest log p value among the POEs indicated the highest anti-mycobacterial growth activity with 56% prevention. Compounds 3c and 3l showed no remarkable cytotoxicity on human macrophages at 10 μg/mL concentration as analyzed by xCELLigence real-time cell analysis. In further experiments, some of the tested POEs, unlike pyrazinamide (PZA), exhibited significant antibacterial and also anti-fungal activities. POEs showed an enhanced bactericidal activity on gram-positive bacteria as shown for Staphylococcus aureus , e.g. compound 3b with a MIC value of 125 μg/mL but not E. coli as a gram-negative bacteria, except for maltol derived POE (3l) that showed an inverse activity in the susceptibility test. In the anticancer activity test against the human leukemia K562 cell lines using MTT assay, compounds 3e and 3j showed the highest cytotoxic effect with IC50 values of 25±8.0 μΜ and 25±5.0 μΜ, respectively. Conclusion: It was found that the majority of POEs containing a bioreducible center showed higher inhibitory activities on Mtb growth when compared to the similar compounds without a bio-reducible functional group.
Fractures of the distal radius : controversies in treatment, rehabilitation and management of complications

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Welding defect detection based on local image enhancement

Welding defect detection in a radiographic image is an important topic in the field of industrial non-destructive testing. To improve the accuracy of welding defect segmentation, a local image enhancement approach is proposed. In this algorithm, the requirement of contrast enhancement is considered when extracting the weld seam and segmenting the weld defect. The whole defect detection is conducted by three procedures: image enhancement, welding seam extraction, and defect segmentation. Firstly, a method for determining the Localised Pixel Inhomogeneity Factor (LPIF) is proposed. Then, based on the results of LPIF, the Otsu method is applied to segment the welding seam and defects are, identified by region growing algorithm. The authors compared LPIF with histogram equalisation, adaptive histogram equalisation, and contrast-limited adaptive histogram equalisation algorithms and assessed its performance by using indicators such as image contrast, image definition, and edge intensity. Moreover, the authors compared the segmentation results of the enhanced defect images with the original image to further study the method's effect on weld defect segmentation. More than 70 images containing various types of defects are tested. The experimental results demonstrate that the quality of enhanced defect images is improved significantly, and has a high relative segmentation accuracy of more than 92%.
Non-coding RNA in drug resistance of gastric cancer

Gastric cancer (GC) is the third leading cause of cancer-related mortality worldwide. The poorly prognosis and survival of GC are due to diagnose in an advanced, non-curable stage and with a limited response to chemotherapy. The acquisition of drug resistance accounts for the majority of therapy failure of chemotherapy in GC patients. Although the mechanisms of anticancer drug resistance have been broadly studied, the regulation of these mechanisms has not been completely understood. Accumulating evidence has recently highlighted the role of non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs), including long non-coding RNAs and microRNAs, in the development and maintenance of drug resistance due to their regulatory features in specific genes involved in the chemoresistant phenotype of GC. We review the literature on ncRNAs in drug resistance of GC. This review summarizes the current knowledge about the ncRNAs’ characteristics, their regulation of the genes involved in chemoresistance and their potential as targeted therapies for personalized treatment in resistant GC.
Truth Discovery of Multi-Source Text Data

SUMMARY Most existing truth discovery approaches are designed for structured data, and cannot meet the strong need to extract trustworthy information from raw text data for its unique characteristics such as multifactorial property of text answers (i.e., an answer may contain multiple key factors) and the diversity of word usages (i.e., di ﬀ erent words may have the same semantic meaning). As for text answers, there are no absolute correctness or errors, most answers may be partially correct, which is quite di ﬀ erent from the situation of traditional truth discovery. To solve these challenges, we propose an optimization-based text truth discovery model which jointly groups keywords extracted from the answers of the speciﬁc question into a set of multiple factors. Then, we select the subset of multiple factors as identiﬁed truth set for each question by parallel ant colony synchronization optimization algorithm. After that, the answers to each question can be ranked based on the similarities between factors answer provided and identiﬁed truth factors. The experiment results on real dataset show that though text data structures are complex, our model can still ﬁnd reliable answers compared with retrieval-based and state-of-the-art approaches.
Cytomegalovirus ventriculoencephalitis presenting with hydrocephalus in a patient with advanced HIV infection

Abstract A 38-year-old lady with advanced human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection presented to the emergency department with headache, vomiting and fluctuating alertness for 3 weeks. On examination, she had tachycardia, bilateral papilledema, restriction of upward gaze, gaze-evoked nystagmus and signs of meningeal irritation. Magnetic resonance imaging of the brain showed hydrocephalus and periventricular high T2-signal regions with restriction on diffusion-weighted imaging. Polymerase chain reaction done on the cerebrospinal fluid obtained after the insertion of an external ventricular drain was positive for cytomegalovirus (CMV). She was treated with intravenous ganciclovir followed by oral valganciclovir with which she made a dramatic recovery. CMV ventriculoencephalitis can present with hydrocephalus in HIV-infected individuals. A high index of suspicion must be maintained to diagnose this disease and start appropriate therapy on time.
Glycemia and Lipidemia in Term Newborns Correlate With Maternal Metabolism

The present study characterized the plasma glycemic and lipid profiles in full-term newborn babies at birth and correlated these variables with growth markers and maternal clinical and metabolic conditions, to observe if maternal pregnancy conditions can influence metabolic programming in these newborn babies. Anthropometric and biochemical data were collected from 162 mother/newborn binomials at birth and at 6 months at a public hospital in Western Paraná State, Brazil. Samples of blood tests for glucose, insulin, total cholesterol, and triglycerides were obtained. Two classes of mothers/babies were statistically defined. The glycemic profiles in Class 1, at birth, were 63.0 ± 19.6 mg/dL and at 6 months 80.4 ± 10.6 mg/dL; in Class 2, at birth, they were 66.1 ± 20.8 mg/dL and at 6 months 78.2 ± 9.4 mg/dL. The triglycerides levels in Class 1 and Class 2, at birth, were 124.5 ± 47.8 mg/dL and 132.6 ± 60.2 mg/dL, respectively, and at 6 months they were 139.0 ± 51.5 mg/dL and 115.2 ± 39.9 mg/dL, respectively. Even though most of the pregnant women were overweight at the end of the gestation period, the anthropometric patterns found for babies followed the desirable standards. Furthermore, the average glycemic profile values were between the cutoff standards at birth and at 6 months; however, the triglycerides were above the expected values.
Progressive Forwarding Disaster Backup among Cloud Datacenters

The periodic disaster backup activity among geographically distributed multiple datacenters consumes huge network resources and therefore imposes a heavy burden on datacenters and transmission links. Previous work aims at least completion time, maximum utility or minimal cost, without consideration of load balance for limited network resources, likely to result in unfair distribution of backup load or significant impact on daily network services. In this paper, we propose a new progressive forwarding disaster backup strategy in the Software Defined Network scenarios to mitigate forwarding burdens on source datacenters and balance backup loads on backup datacenters and transmission links. We construct a new redundancy-aware time-expanded network model to divide time slots according to redundancy requirement, and propose role-switching method over time to utilize forwarding capability of backup datacenters. In every time slot, we leverage two-step optimization algorithm to realize capacityconstrained backup datacenter selection and fair backup load distribution. Simulations results prove that our strategy achieves good performance in load balance under the condition of guaranteeing transmission completion and backup redundancy. key words: progressive forwarding disaster backup, load balance, progressive forwarding, redundancy-aware time-expanded network, role-switching
The role of feed and feed processing in development of gastric ulcers

Our experiences at Kansas State University indicate that for each 100 microns decrease in average particle size of corn in swine diets there is approximately a 1.3% increase in efficiency of gain. However, the incidence of keratinization and(or) ulceration also tend to increase in nursery pigs (Healy et al., 1994), growing-finishing pigs (Cabrera et al., 1994; Wondra et al., 1999b,c), and lactating sows (Wondra et al., 1995d,e) as particle size of the diet is reduced. Reimann et al. (1968), Maxwell et al. (1970, 1972), and Regina et al. (1999) reported that smaller particle sizes of cereal grain increased fluidity of stomach contents. Those authors hypothesized that the increased fluidity allowed more mixing of stomach contents; thus, pepsin and digestive acids were continuously in contact with the ulcer-prone mucosa of the esophageal region of the stomach. So, in the decision of how finely to grind cereals for use in diets for pigs, the economic benefits from increased efficiency of growth versus the potential for increased incidence and(or) severity of stomach lesions will be major considerations.
Serum biomarkers for diagnosis and assessment of severity in psoriasis

Introduction: Psoriasis is a common inflammatory and proliferative disease of the skin. The current gold standard for assessment of extensive psoriasis has been Psoriasis Area and Severity Index (PASI). However the limitations of using PASI score in clinical practice and research necessitates for search of biomarkers. Aims & Objectives: To determine the role of serum high sensitivity C-Reactive Protein (hs-CRP), Ceruloplasmin and Malondialdehyde (MDA) as biomarkers in psoriasis and their significance in assessment of disease severity in patients with mild, moderate and severe psoriasis. Materials & Methods: The study group consisted of 120 subjects of age group 20-50 years and of both sexes. Of these 40 patients had active psoriasis with PASI score 10 (Group 3) and 50 were healthy age and sex matched controls (Group 1). Results & Observations: The serum levels of CRP, ceruloplasmin and MDA are elevated in both the groups of psoriasis patients when compared to controls. The increase is statistically highly significant (p < 0.001). Very large positive correlation was obtained for hs-CRP and MDA values with PASI score in both the groups, while moderate correlation was obtained for Ceruloplasmin with PASI score. Conclusion: Finally, it can be concluded that hs-CRP, MDA and Ceruloplasmin levels can be used as biomarkers and also to assess the disease severity in psoriasis.
II. Tonotopic organization and innervation pattern of the basilar papilla

Summary. We have labelled single physiologically-characterized primary auditory neurones in the bobtail lizard and traced them to their innervation sites within the basilar papilla. The distribution of stained fibre terminals shows that low frequencies (up to a characteristic frequency, CF, of about 0.8 kHz) are processed in the smaller apical segment of the papilla and medium to high frequencies in the much longer basal segment. It is possible that the frequency ranges of these segments partly overlap in individual animals. The tonotopic organization of the basal segment is well described by an exponential relationship; the CF increases towards the basal end. Systematic, peripheral recordings from the auditory nerve very close to the papilla confirm this tonotopicity for the basal segment. The apical segment of the papilla shows an unusual tonotopic organization in that the CF appears to increase across the epithelium, from abneural to neural. A tonotopicity in this direction has not previously been demonstrated in vertebrates. All stained neurones branched within the basilar papilla to innervate, typically, between 4 and 14 hair cells. The branching patterns of fibres innervating in the apical and basal papillar segment, respectively, show characteristic differences. Apical fibres tend to innervate hair cells with the same morphological polarity and often branch extensively along the segment. Basal fibres, in contrast, typically innervate about equal numbers of hair cells of opposing polarity and are more restricted in their longitudinal branching.
Interacciones entre ONG, gobierno municipal y usuarios reducen la sobreexplotación del bosque, pero no la frenan: Un análisis cualitativo sobre una comunidad en Los Andes bolivianos

Aun se comprende poco sobre el rol de las interacciones de organizaciones locales sobre las instituciones de las comunidades para usar y evitar la sobreexplotacion del bosque. El objetivo del estudio fue analizar los cambios institucionales y de la estructura del bosque de uso comun de una comunidad boliviana andina, antes, durante y despues de estas interacciones. El analisis fue cualitativo de tipo inductivo y deductivo con el metodo de analisis de contenido tematico. Para el manejo de datos se utilizo el programa Weft QDA. La comunidad antes de la interaccion con organizaciones locales no tenia instituciones que regulen el uso del bosque y este fue sobreexplotado. Durante la interaccion, se crearon y ajustaron reglas de uso entre usuarios, se implementaron sistemas de control, monitoreo y sancion, y se llego a mantener atributos estructurales del bosque, pero aun se redujo la abundancia de arboles maduros de Podocarpus glomeratus. Despues de estas interacciones, la comunidad mantuvo reglas de uso del bosque y el sistema de autocontrol; sin embargo, la adaptacion de reglas, monitoreo y sanciones fueron mas dificultosas de sostener. Se debe disenar politicas para que organizaciones locales y comunidades puedan acercarse y estimular su accion colectiva para reforzar el manejo comunitario del bosque
Drugs and driving in Spain

Spanish legislation relating traffic drags and driving and applied nationwide is presented. Nevertheless, only legal limits of blood and breath in relation with ethyl alcohol are stipulated, and there is no stipulation concerning other drugs. The drugs involved in fatal road traffic accidents during the 3 year study period 1996-1998 carried out in our Forensic Toxicology Service, University of Santiago de Compostela, Spain, are presented. During this period biological samples from 338 cases of drivers involved in fatal road traffic accidents were analysed to detect alcohol, cannabis, amphetamines, opiates, cocaine and benzodiazepines. In all cases, the driver condition was confirmed by police and autopsy reports. Toxicological analyses revealed that cannabis was the most frequently encountered illegal drug, which was detected in 4% of all cases, and in the case of legal drugs it was benzodiazepines (19%). For comparison, the results of toxicological analyses of alcohol in the same cases is shown, and it was present in 50%. In our country, the prevalence of alcohol in road traffic accidents is higher in comparison with legal or illegal drugs.
PREVALENCE OF SLEEP DISTURBANCE AMONG NURSES IN A MALAYSIAN GOVERNMENT HOSPITAL AND ITS ASSOCIATIONWITH WORK CHARACTERISTICS

The objective of this study was to determine the prevalence of sleep disturbance with work characteristics among nurses in the Melaka Hospital, Malacca, Malaysia. This was a cross sectional study conducted in Melaka Hospital. Universal sampling was conducted and a Malay version of the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) questionnaire was used in data collection. Sociodemographic characteristics such as age, marital status, number of children and work characteristics such as type of work schedule and duration were also enquired. Factors associated with poor sleep quality were compared between those nurses with good sleep quality by using logistic regression. There were 607 nurses who completed the questionnaire with a response rate of 73.1. There was a moderate prevalence (57.8) of poor sleep quality (PSQI > 5) in all study subjects. The prevalence of sleep disturbance was more widespread among nurses who worked shifts (62.0) compared to non-shift working nurses (41.5) p<0.001. A logistic regression analysis showed that age, marital status and unit group were the major associating factors of poor sleep quality. Sleep disturbance decreased with increasing age (OR = 0.42, 95 CI 0.25, 0.73) while married nurses (OR = 2.3, 95 CI 1.42, 3.82) and those in the category of intensive group (OR = 2.1, 95 CI 1.1, 4.1) were more prone to have sleep disturbances. In conclusion, this study revealed moderate prevalence of sleep disturbance among nurses working in Melaka Hospital but it was not associated with the work shifts. Age, marital status and work environment especially in the intensive group unit seemed to be factors associated with reduced global sleep quality among nurses in this study. (JUMMEC 2008; 11 (2): 66-71).