Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Local shopkeepers’ associations and ethnic minority entrepreneurs

This paper provides empirical evidence concerning the relationship between ethnic minority entrepreneurs and local shopkeepers’ associations in Amsterdam. Having more members means more support for the local shopkeepers’ association, which in turn may have a positive impact on the shopping area, and the surrounding neighbourhood. In this way, local shopkeepers’ associations exercise an important function of social entrepreneurship. Many Western cities faced a strong growth of ethnic minority entrepreneurship in recent years. However, ethnic entrepreneurs join these local shopkeepers’ associations less frequently compared to native entrepreneurs. To turn the tide for the decreasing support for the local shopkeepers’ associations, the reasons for (not) joining, both for ethnic minority entrepreneurs and for native entrepreneurs, were researched. After a thorough literature survey, 70 shopkeepers in Amsterdam were interviewed. The most important reasons why entrepreneurs do not join these associations are: insufficient benefits of the membership; costs of the membership too high; ignorance of the purpose of the local shopkeepers’ association in that area; and distrust of this association. For ethnic entrepreneurs, ignorance of the purpose of the local shopkeepers’ association in that area and ignorance of the purpose of these associations in general are
A Nanoparticle Sampler Incorporating Differential Mobility Analyzers and Its Application at a Road-Side near Heavy Traffic in Kawasaki, Japan

Diesel exhaust particles consist mainly of nanoparticles, the surfaces of which are covered with various organic chemicals such as polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), some of which are known to be mutagenic or carcinogenic. Because some of these chemicals are volatile or semi-volatile, the fact that a differential mobility analyzer (DMA) operates at normal ambient pressure represents an advantage over many impactor-type samplers, which operate at half atmospheric pressure or less. In this study, we used twin custom-made DMAs as a nanoparticle sampler, and increased the sampling flow rate for each DMA separately. The sampler was used to sample ambient aerosol particulate matter (PM) at the side of a road carrying heavy traffic over a 4-day period. The average sizes of the aerosol particles collected were 80 and 240 nm. The PAHs on these particles were collected on quartz fiber filters and measured by direct-injection thermal-desorption gas chromatography/mass spectrometry. Twelve PAHs (3- to 6-ring PAHs), including benzo (a) pyrene, were analyzed quantitatively. The nanoparticles collected by the DMA sampler were richer in 5- to 6-ring PAHs than PM2.5 particles sampled in parallel. Scanning electron microscopy of the nanoparticles deposited on the DMA electrodes showed that the 240-nm particles (as classified by the DMA) were agglomerates of soot particles with a unit size of around 50nm or less, whereas the 80-nm particles consisted of single nanoparticles or agglomerates of a few particles.
EXPERIMENTS SIMULATION AND DESIGN TO SET TRAFFIC LIGHTS’ OPERATION RULES

In this paper it is used the experimental design to minimize the travel time of motor vehicles, in one of the most important avenues of Celaya City in Guanajuato, Mexico, by means of optimal synchronization of existing traffic lights. In the optimization process three factors are considered: the traffic lights’ cycle times, the synchrony defined as stepped, parallel and actual, and speed limit, each one with 3 evaluation levels. The response variables to consider are: motor vehicles’ travel time, fuel consumption and greenhouse effect gas (CO2) emissions. The different experiments are performed using the simulation model developed in the PTV-VISSIM software, which represents the vehicle traffic system. The obtained results for the different proposed scenarios allow to find proper levels at which the vehicle traffic system must be operated in order to improve mobility, to reduce contamination rates and decrease the fuel consumption for the different motor vehicles that use the avenue. DOI: http://dx.doi. org/10.4995/CIT2016.2016. 4093
Critical Interculturality. A Path for Pre-service ELT Teachers

This article elaborates a theoretical reflection upon critical interculturality as a tool for decolonial pedagogy, which needs to be explored in initial language teacher education programs as a means to counteract the increasing emphasis on the instrumental nature of the field caused by a limited view of the meaning of professional development. For this purpose, the text addresses, first, the theoretical developments of the decolonial turn; secondly, it discusses the notion of critical interculturality; and finally, it presents a reflection on the links between critical interculturality, decolonial pedagogy, and a vision of teacher education as a dynamics of personal development. The text concludes by explaining the potential of critical interculturality as a point of intersection for transgressive pedagogies, whose main feature is recognizing and making subjectivities visible. The article is part of an ongoing research on initial language teacher development programs currently being carried out within the framework of the Ph.D. in Education at Universidad Santo Tomas de Aquino in Bogota, Colombia.
THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN PHYSICAL ENDURANCE AND PHYSICALACTIVITY LEVEL OF A COMMUNITY IN KUALA

Methods: Inclusion criteria included subjects aged 45 to 84 years old and is ambulant without support whilst exclusion criteriae are subjects who cannot follow command and is dependent on walking aids or with disability. This cross sectional study uses International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ) to determine the physical activity level and the 6 Minute Walk Test (6MWT) to determine the physical endurance level. There were 33.3% (n= 15) male and 66.7% (n=30) female with mean age of 61.24 years old.
Psychosocial Mediators of a Group-based Physical Activity Intervention in Older Adults

Objective: Although progress has been made in developing effective interventions that change physical activity behaviors, much work remains in understanding how interventions exert their effects. The purpose of this study was to examine psychosocial mediators of change in physical activity resulting from a group-based, behavioral, physical activity intervention (Active Living Every Day) in older adults. Methods: This study was a randomized controlled trial carried out in 2015. Participants (n=47) completed a survey assessing demographic and psychosocial variables, and wore an Actigraph at baseline and 12 weeks (postintervention). A multiple mediator model, testing social support (family and friends separately), self-efficacy, and self-regulation as mediators of change in physical activity was conducted. Results: Results showed that the intervention was not successful in changing the targeted mediators, and changes in mediators were not associated with changes in physical activity. None of the variables examined were significant mediators of change in physical activity. Conclusion: Despite significant changes in physical activity, the mechanisms by which the changes occurred are unknown. Potential explanations and implications of the null findings are discussed. Continued efforts focused on understanding how behavioral interventions exert their effects on physical activity outcomes are needed in an effort to develop the most efficacious and costeffective interventions aimed at improving health.
A Rule of Thumb for Controlling Invasive Weeds: An Application to Hawkweed in Australia

We use a bang-bang optimal control model to derive a rule of thumb for an optimal management of invasive weeds, in terms of the marginal benefits and costs of various control actions. Instead of determining the size of infestation under an optimal surveillance measure, the rule specifies the types of land where an invasive weed should be first prevented from establishment, and under what conditions control should be initiated. The types of land are modeled via the heterogeneous vulnerability of land to the weed and likely infestation. This easy-to-use rule is applied to determine how hawkweed should be controlled in Australia, across three potential control strategies: containment, eradication and no action. We investigate this rule-of-thumb in both deterministic and stochastic settings. With uncertainty, when calculating the threshold of when and how to act, we take into account the fact that delaying a control action will incur not only larger damage and a potentially larger spread but also a higher cost from uncertainty in the spread of the weed itself. The land value threshold is thus given by the unit cost of keeping a weed off a parcel of land times the difference between the interest rate and the current weed spread rate plus the effect of uncertainty. An application to hawkweed in Australia is provided. The rule specifies that hawkweed should be immediately eradicated in all types of agricultural lands they currently occupy where the potential damage is larger than 15AUD/ha/year. This generates a full eradication strategy under broad parameter values. Though the cost of removing hawkweeds is significant, it is overwhelmed by the damage if Hawkweeds spread to higher value agricultural land.
Monitoring an invasive perennial at the landscape scale with remote sensing

Summary Worldwide, invasive weeds threaten agricultural, natural and urban ecosystems. In Australia's agricultural and grazing regions, invasive species often establish across extensive areas where weed management is hampered by an inability to detect the location and timing of an outbreak. In these vast landscapes, an effective detection and monitoring system is required to delineate the extent of the invasion and identify spatial and temporal factors associated with weed establishment and thickening. In this study, we utilize a time series of remote sensing imagery to detect the spatial and temporal patterns of Prickly Acacia (Acacia nilotica) invasion in the Mitchell grass plains of North Queensland. We develop a spectral index from Landsat images which is applied to images from 1989 to 2004, in combination with a classification mask, to identify locations and monitor changes in Prickly Acacia density across 29 000 km2 of Mitchell grass plains. The approach identified spectral and temporal signatures consistent with Prickly Acacia infestation on 1.9% of this landscape. Field checking of results confirmed presence of the weed in previously unrecorded locations. The approach may be used to evaluate future spread, or outcomes of management strategies for Prickly Acacia in this landscape and could be employed to detect and monitor invasions in other extensive landscapes.
Effect of Dietary Wheat Screening Diet on Broiler Performance, Intestinal Viscosity and Ileal Protein Digestibility

Much more effort has been made to find out a new source of feed for domestic animal particularly in monogastric and in specific animal such as poultry for their competition by human. Wheat screening (W. S.) is one of best occasion in this respect. The experiment was conducted by 320 day old unsexed Ross 308 chicken, Four rations were used as a four treatments includes (0, 10, 20 and 30%) of wheat screening in broiler diets. Four replicates with 20 birds were arranged in each. Isoenergeytic and netrogenic have modulated in all rations. The experiment was started from 21 days of age to the slaughter weight. Experiment statistical was in complete random design (CRD), data analysed by SAS programme and means were examined by Dancan multiple test. No significant differences were found in body weight (BW), feed intake (FI) and feed conversion ratio (FCR) in 28, 35, 42 and 46 day old chicken by different levels of whea t screening. The similar trend were observed in organelles weight with exception in intestinal and gastrointestinal empty weight and intestinal length which were significantly higher (p<0.05) in 30% of wheat screening (48.09, 266.28 g and 199.12 cm) respectively compared with the control and 10% W.S. ration. In addition Ileal protein and fat digestibility significantly reduced (P<0.05) by 30% wheat screening (78.79 and 68.94%) respectively compared to other treatments. In contrast intestinal viscosity was in the highest significant rate (P<0.05) 1.61 Centipoise (cP) by 30% wheat screening compared with other treatments (1.51, 1.52 and 1.53 cP). The results of this study have shown that there is no any adversely effect of whea t screening on broiler performance. It would suggested that 20% of wheat screening in broiler ration could leads to decrease the ration price and approach more benefits for poultry industry.
Personal Past Experiences Seen Through the Panopticon

The relevance of longitudinal user experience (UX) studies has become increasingly acknowledged within the CHI community, however not without questioning the practical implications for design and facing the challenge to handle a huge amount of data, such as video content collected over a longer period of time. Within this paper we aim to discuss this challenges based on an ongoing long-term case study involving the exchange of video messages between family members (parents and daughter), which are physically separated from each other (living in Italy and UK) over one year. We introduce Panopticon, a visualization method we used to represent the collected video data of this study in a compact but still accessible way to researchers and users. The technique offers a novel approach for rapid video browsing and has the potential to be used as basis for new forms of interaction with video data and as reflection tool in experience research exploring UX over time. Author Keywords
The use of a hydrocolloid dressing in the facial wound healing process of a horse - case report

Hydrocolloid dressing is a bioactive product used to improve the healing process of large open wounds. InMarch 2011, a horse was evaluated at the Veterinary Medical Teaching Hospital- UNICENTRO, Guarapuava,Brazil. The animal presented with epistaxis and inspiratory dyspnoea associated with fracture of the orbitalpart of the frontal bone with a comminuted fracture of the zygomatic process and bone loss of the articulartubercle of the temporal bone reaching the zygomatic process, tooth fracture and a partial laceration of theleft cheek with avulsion of the eyeball. After the reconstructive facial surgery and enucleation we used thehydrocolloid dressing during the repair phase. It helped re-establish the epithelial layer, avoided excessivegranulation tissue formation and decreased the healing time. Seven days after surgery and the use ofbiological membrane we verified the production of intense and controlled granulation tissue, beyond thatthe membrane was a viable and low cost alternative.
Investigation of substorms during geomagnetic storms using wavelet techniques

The variations in the geomagnetic field during intense geomagnetic storms can be reproduced by changes in the interplanetary magnetic field and the solar wind velocity. Both the solar wind velocity enhancement and the magnitude of the southward component of IMF are important in enhancing the ring current. During geomagnetic storm periods, variety of fluctuations exist in the IMF components and that in solar wind velocity which initiate the similar fluctuations in geomagnetic field. If solar wind pressure oscillations with periods comparable to the substorm cycle time are imposed on the magnetosphere, some magnetospheric resonant state may be excited, and substorms can be triggered. In this work, the evolution of short quasi-periods are investigated using wavelet cross spectral method and decomposition techniques to study the interlink between geomagnetic field fluctuation and the solar wind velocity and IMF using cross wavelet spectral method. In the wavelet decomposition process, these signals are broken down into many lower resolution components with successive approximations being decomposed in turn. Multi-resolution techniques (MRA) due to their time-frequency flexibility are particularly suited to the study of transient structures like those associated with geomagnetic storms. From the details, the transient nature of solar disturbances characterized by intermittent bursts during geomagnetic storm is seen. The fluctuations in IMF Bz and H are much similar during the main phase which are stable for many levels of decomposition, whereas those fluctuations in solar wind velocity are similar to H only during the initial phase. It is also seen that the high frequency fluctuations that are present during the progress of the storm are stable for many levels of decomposition in the reconstructed signal. So these fluctuations may be due to high frequency signals that are present in the parameters as a result of the disturbed conditions which play a leading role in the solar terrestrial energy coupling.
Some Extensions of Positive and Negative Rules for Discovering Basic Interesting Rules

Positive reasoning and negative reasoning have been applied to be very useful in practice as clear from the record of many real life applications, especially in medicine. These reasoning mechanisms play important role in cutting the search space, reflecting experts' decision, supporting decision by the cooperation of experts and computers. This paper proposes the concepts of extended negative rule, minimal rule and explores their properties. Furthermore, an algorithm for finding all minimal positive rule and minimal negative rule is given. This algorithm is effective to discover positive and negative rules which have not redundant formula. These rules support to deduce the other important positive and negative rules. Experiments are carried out on data sets of UCI machine learning repository to analyze the performance study.
Application of homomorphic methods of speech signal processing in speakers recognition system

The paper presents the problem of automatic speaker recognition system. Automatic recognition of speaker is a process designed to determine, whether a particular statement belongs to the speaker. The speech signal is a carrier of both physiological and behavioral features. No two individuals sound identical, because their vocal tract shapes, larynx sizes, and other parts of their voice production organs are different. This paper contains a description of the speech signal analysis algorithms, designed based on normalized real cepstrum. The authors have attempted to select the optimal set of parameters describing the speaker. The study has primarily focused on assessing applicability of the cepstral analysis of speech signal. In addition results of experiments are presented using a PCA method. Streszczenie. W prezentowanym referacie poruszono problematyke systemu rozpoznawania mowcy. Automatyczne rozpoznawanie mowcy jest procesem mającym na celu określenie, czy dana wypowiedź nalezy do określonego mowcy. Sygnal mowy jest nośnikiem zarowno cech fizjologicznych, jak i behawioralnych. Nie ma dwoch identycznie brzmiących osob, ze wzgledu na fakt wystepujących roznic w budowie krtani, glośni, traktu wokalnego oraz innych organow artykulacyjnych u kazdego czlowieka. Praca zawiera opis algorytmow analizy sygnalu mowy opracowanych w oparciu o rzeczywiste cepstrum. Dzieki tej technice multiplikatywny związek pobudzenia i traktu glosowego zastąpiony zostaje związkiem addytywnym, co znacznie upraszcza separacje obu skladnikow. Autorzy podjeli sie proby wyboru optymalnego zestawu cech charakteryzujących danego mowce. Badania koncentrowaly sie przede wszystkim na ocenie uzyteczności analizy cepstralnej sygnalu mowy. Dodatkowo uzyskane wyniki eksperymentow przedstawiono przy pomocy metody PCA. (Zastosowanie homomorficznych metod przetwarzania sygnalu mowy w systemach rozpoznawania mowcy)
Semiclassical quantization of an N-particle Bose-Hubbard model

A semiclassical Bohr-Sommerfeld approximation is derived for an N-particle, two-mode Bose-Hubbard system modeling a Bose-Einstein condensate in a double-well potential. This semiclassical description is based on the 'classical' dynamics of the mean-field Gross-Pitaevskii equation and is expected to be valid for large N. We demonstrate the possibility to reconstruct quantum properties of the N-particle system from the mean-field dynamics. The resulting semiclassical eigenvalues and eigenstates are found to be in very good agreement with the exact ones, even for small values of N, both for subcritical and supercritical particle interaction strength where tunneling has to be taken into account.
Temporal dynamics and ecological significance of salinity stratification in an estuary (south San-Francisco Bay, USA)

Pendant la saison pluvieuse de l'hiver, la partie meridionale de la baie de San Francisco (Etats-Unis) est sujette a des variations periodiques de stratification de salinite coincidant avec le cycle des marees; en revanche, pendant l'ete et l'automne, les eaux restent bien melangees. La mise en evidence de la stratification hivernale et le deroulement des processus qui la caracterisent, peuvent etre prevus par une fonction simple et empirique entre la crue et la vitesse du courant de maree. Pendant les periodes prolongees de stratification de salinite, la biomasse phytoplanctonique et la productivite primaire sont elevees, la turbidite et la concentration de l'azote inorganique dissous sont peu elevees dans la couche superficielle, et les courants d'eau residuels par suite de la circulation gravitationnelle deviennent acceleres
Easy Volcanic Aerosol (EVA v1.0): an idealized forcing generator for climate simulations

Abstract. Stratospheric sulfate aerosols from volcanic eruptions have a significant impact on the Earth's climate. To include the effects of volcanic eruptions in climate model simulations, the Easy Volcanic Aerosol (EVA) forcing generator provides stratospheric aerosol optical properties as a function of time, latitude, height, and wavelength for a given input list of volcanic eruption attributes. EVA is based on a parameterized three-box model of stratospheric transport and simple scaling relationships used to derive mid-visible (550 nm) aerosol optical depth and aerosol effective radius from stratospheric sulfate mass. Precalculated look-up tables computed from Mie theory are used to produce wavelength-dependent aerosol extinction, single scattering albedo, and scattering asymmetry factor values. The structural form of EVA and the tuning of its parameters are chosen to produce best agreement with the satellite-based reconstruction of stratospheric aerosol properties following the 1991 Pinatubo eruption, and with prior millennial-timescale forcing reconstructions, including the 1815 eruption of Tambora. EVA can be used to produce volcanic forcing for climate models which is based on recent observations and physical understanding but internally self-consistent over any timescale of choice. In addition, EVA is constructed so as to allow for easy modification of different aspects of aerosol properties, in order to be used in model experiments to help advance understanding of what aspects of the volcanic aerosol are important for the climate system.