Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Ethnicity-dependent effects of Zinc finger 804A variant on schizophrenia: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

OBJECTIVES Previous studies and meta-analysis indicated that rs1344706 was associated with schizophrenia in European population, whereas the conclusions in other populations were disputed. To further explore whether the allele A of rs1344706 would increase the risk of schizophrenia in different populations and update the original meta-analysis, we conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis worldwide. METHODS A literature search was performed in PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, PsycINFO and Web of Science (up to 10 July 2019) according to the inclusion criteria. RESULTS A total of 27 articles were included. Our meta-analysis showed an association between rs1344706 and schizophrenia in total populations [P = 0.000; odds ratio (OR) = 1.105; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.048-1.165], Europe population (P = 0.025; OR = 1.108; 95% CI, 1.013-1.222) and Asian population(P = 0.005; OR = 1.094; 95% CI, 1.027-1.164). CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggested that the risk of single nucleotide polymorphism rs1344706 A-allele may increase the risk of schizophrenia worldwide. Also, this ethnicity-dependent effects of ZNF804A variant on schizophrenia may be related to the opposite allele direction. But to elucidate the underlying biological mechanism, further studies with large participant populations are needed.
IDCS J1426.5+3508: DISCOVERY OF A MASSIVE, INFRARED-SELECTED GALAXY CLUSTER AT z = 1.75

We report the discovery of an IR-selected massive galaxy cluster in the IRAC Deep Cluster Survey (IDCS). We present new data from the Hubble Space Telescope and the W. M. Keck Observatory that spectroscopically confirm IDCS J1426.5+3508 at z = 1.75. Moreover, the cluster is detected in archival Chandra data as an extended X-ray source, comprising 53 counts after the removal of point sources. We calculate an X-ray luminosity of L0.5 − 2 keV = (5.4 ± 1.2) × 1044 erg s−1 within r = 60 arcsec (∼1 Mpc diameter), which implies M☉. IDCS J1426.5+3508 appears to be an exceptionally massive cluster for its redshift.
Overreaction Hypothesis or Volatility Spillover Hypothesis

Although price limits have been employed in many financial markets around the world, in the literature, the effectiveness of such price limits still gives rise to considerable debate. The main purpose behind the imposition of price limits is to reduce volatility; its rationale is referred to as the overreaction hypothesis. However, opponents of price limits have argued that price limits may have negative effects on financial markets so that volatility will spill over to the following days when asset prices reach the limits, i.e. volatility spillover hypothesis. Based on an agent-based framework in which traders are characterized by bounded rationality and are equipped with a genetic programming learning algorithm, the aim of this paper is to examine which hypothesis is supported in our simulated markets.
Effect of Parameter Selection on Fuzzy Clustering

Clustering is one of the most useful tasks in data mining process for discovering groups and identifying interesting distributions and patterns in the underlying data. Cluster analysis seeks to partition given data set into groups based on specified features so that the data points within a group are more similar to each other than the points in different groups. Clustering can be performed in hard or fuzzy mode. One of the important conditions in order to reach accurate results in clustering analysis is to determine the initial parameters. In many studies, researchers do not have prior information about the number of clusters. Clustering algorithms in general need the number of clusters as a prior, which is mostly hard for domain expert to estimate. In this work, in order to overcome this problem, cluster validity indices in literature were reviewed and these indices were used in genetic data set. The result was simply analyzed and according to the analysis, validity indices do not always discover the optimal number of clusters.
Money Illusion Matters for Consumption-Saving Decision-Making: An Experimental Investigation

By means of an economic experiment, this paper examines the effects of money illusion on consumption-saving decision-making. In the experiment, subjects make sequential consumption-saving decisions in economic situations where nominal values of economic variables are displayed differently but there is no difference in their real values in that an optimal real consumption path is the same. Nevertheless, the experimental results show that a nominal difference arising from a higher positive rate of inflation causes subjects to consume more in early periods of the experiment and less in later periods. Moreover, given the utility function assumed in the experiment and the estimated relationship between the slope of the consumption path and the inflation rate, such money illusion results in a higher level of utility for a subject who confronts a higher positive rate of inflation if the level of the inflation rate is modest. In deflationary situations, a nominal difference stemming from a lower negative rate of inflation generates a similar effect to that from a higher positive rate in terms of the consumption path. These findings suggest that in making consumption- saving decisions, subjects react to a rise of the inflation rate differently in inflationary situations and in deflationary situations, regardless of no change in the real interest rate.
International Conference on Diet , Nutrition , and Cancer Mechanisms Mediating the Effects of Prepubertal ( n-3 ) Polyunsaturated Fatty Acid Diet on Breast Cancer Risk in Rats 1 , 2

Dietary exposures during childhood may influence later breast cancer risk. We tested in an animal model the hypothesis that prepubertal intake of (n-3) PUFAs, present mainly in fish, reduces susceptibility to breast cancer. Between postnatal days 5 to 25, rat pups were fed (n-3) PUFA–containing diets at a 2:1 ratio of (n-6):(n-3) PUFAs (typical of prehistoric societies) or a control (n-6) PUFA diet at a 17:1 ratio of (n-6):(n-3) PUFAs (comparable with current Western societies). These fatty acids were given in a lowor high-fat context (16 or 39% energy from fat). The low–(n-3) PUFA diet reduced while the high–(n-3) PUFA diet increased carcinogen-induced mammary tumorigenesis. The low–(n-3) PUFA diet reduced mammary cell proliferation and increased apoptosis, particularly in the terminal end buds (the mammary source of malignant breast tumors). The high–(n-3) PUFA diet had opposite effects on these 2 key biomarkers and increased phospho-Akt levels, a survival factor. Microarray analyses identified genes that were permanently upregulated in the low–(n-3) PUFA–exposed glands and function in oxidative damage repair. Serum levels of 8-hydroxy-2 deoxyguanosine, a marker of DNA damage, were significantly reduced in these low–(n-3) PUFA–fed rats, and increased in the high–(n-3) PUFA–exposed group. The latter group exhibited reduced expression of BRCA1, a DNA repair gene. Our results indicate that the opposing susceptibilities to mammary tumorigenesis between the lowversus high-fat (n-3) PUFA–exposed groups were associated with altered DNA damage repair and gene expression linked to proliferation, survival, and differentiation. J. Nutr. 135: 2946S–2952S, 2005.
In vitro uniaxial stretch model for evaluating the effect of strain along axon on damage to neurons

Diffuse axonal injury (DAI), a major component of traumatic brain injury, is associated with rapid deformation of brain tissue resulting in the stretching of neuronal axons. Focal axonal beading, which is the morphological hallmark of DAI pathology, leads to the disconnection of neurons from tissues and results in cell death. Our goal is to achieve a better understanding of neuronal tolerance and help predict the pathogenesis of DAI from mechanical loading to the head. In the present study, we developed an experimental model that subjected cultured neurons to uniaxial stretch by controlling the direction of axonal elongation with a microfluidic culture technique and examined the effect of strains along the axon on cell damage. Neurites from PC 12 cells that differentiate into neurons with structurally axon-like cylindrical protrusions by nerve growth factor were extended at 0°, 45°, and 90° relative to the tensile direction by using a fabricated polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) piece with microgrooves in combination with a PDMS substrate. The morphology of the same neurites was observed before and after stretching with a strain of 0.22 at a strain rate of 27 s -1 . As a result, swellings along neurites oriented at 0° increased immediately following stretching and were sustained for 24 h. In contrast, swellings along neurites oriented at 45° and 90° transiently increased within 1 h following stretching. Although more ruptures were observed in neurites oriented at 0° and 90° than in those oriented at 45°, the number of neurites and cells did not differ among orientation conditions. These results suggest that the difference in strain along the axon induces axonal injuries differing in type and degree. They also suggest that the strain on the axon, rather than that on the cell-cultured substrate, is important for evaluating neuronal damage.
Évaluation des effets du dispositif CIFRE sur les entreprises et les doctorants participants

Ce rapport vise a apprehender les caracteristiques du programme Cifre et celles de ses participants, ainsi qu’a evaluer les effets du programme sur les entreprises et les doctorants participants. Dans le cadre d’une convention Cifre, l’Etat apporte un soutien financier a toute structure socioeconomique etablie sur le territoire francais qui recrute un doctorant pour lui confier une mission de recherche qui constituera le sujet de sa these, pour une duree maximale de trois ans. Le doctorat est consacre entierement au projet de recherche, avec un partage des efforts et du temps entre l’employeur et le laboratoire academique.
The role of diet in hyperuricemia and gout

Purpose of review Although gout's cardinal feature is inflammatory arthritis, it is closely associated with insulin resistance and considered a manifestation of the metabolic syndrome. As such, both gout and hyperuricemia are often associated with major cardiometabolic and renal comorbidities that drive the persistently elevated premature mortality rates among gout patients. To that end, conventional low-purine (i.e., low-protein) dietary advice given to many patients with gout warrant reconsideration. Recent findings Recent research suggests that several healthy diets, such as the Mediterranean or Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) diets, in combination with weight loss for those who are overweight or obese, can drastically improve cardiometabolic risk factors and outcomes. By treating gout as a part of the metabolic syndrome and shifting our dietary recommendations to these healthy dietary patterns, the beneficial effects on gout endpoints should naturally follow for the majority of typical gout cases, mediated through changes in insulin resistance. Summary Dietary recommendations for the management of hyperuricemia and gout should be approached holistically, taking into consideration its associated cardiometabolic comorbidities. Several healthy dietary patterns, many with similar themes, can be tailored to suit comorbidity profiles and personal preferences.
Here, There, and Everywhere: The Wide Host Range and Geographic Distribution of Zoonotic Orthopoxviruses

The global emergence of zoonotic viruses, including poxviruses, poses one of the greatest threats to human and animal health. Forty years after the eradication of smallpox, emerging zoonotic orthopoxviruses, such as monkeypox, cowpox, and vaccinia viruses continue to infect humans as well as wild and domestic animals. Currently, the geographical distribution of poxviruses in a broad range of hosts worldwide raises concerns regarding the possibility of outbreaks or viral dissemination to new geographical regions. Here, we review the global host ranges and current epidemiological understanding of zoonotic orthopoxviruses while focusing on orthopoxviruses with epidemic potential, including monkeypox, cowpox, and vaccinia viruses.
Electric Stimulation Elicits Heterogeneous Responses in ON but Not OFF Retinal Ganglion Cells to Transmit Rich Neural Information

Retinal implants electrically stimulate surviving retinal neurons to restore vision in people blinded by outer retinal degeneration. Although the healthy retina is known to transmit a vast amount of visual information to the brain, it has not been studied whether prosthetic vision contains a similar amount of information. Here, we assessed the neural information transmitted by population responses arising in brisk transient (BT) and brisk sustained (BS) subtypes of ON and OFF retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) in the rabbit retina. To correlate the response heterogeneity and the information transmission, we first quantified the cell-to-cell heterogeneity by calculating the spike time tiling coefficient (STTC) across spiking patterns of RGCs in each type. Then, we computed the neural information encoded by the RGC population in a given type. In responses to light stimulation, spiking activities were more heterogeneous in OFF than ON RGCs (STTCAVG = 0.36, 0.45, 0.77 and 0.55 for OFF BT, OFF BS, ON BT, and ON BS, respectively). Interestingly, however, in responses to electric stimulation, both BT and BS subtypes of OFF RGCs showed remarkably homogeneous spiking patterns across cells (STTCAVG = 0.93 and 0.82 for BT and BS, respectively), whereas the two subtypes of ON RGCs showed slightly increased populational heterogeneity compared to light-evoked responses (STTCAVG = 0.71 and 0.63 for BT and BS, respectively). Consequently, the neural information encoded by the electrically-evoked responses of a population of 15 RGCs was substantially lower in the OFF than the ON pathway: OFF BT and BS cells transmit only ~23% and ~53% of the neural information transmitted by their ON counterparts. Together with previously-reported natural spiking activities in ON RGCs, the higher neural information may make ON responses more recognizable, eliciting the biased percepts of bright phosphenes.
Impact of biological sex on cryptococcal meningitis mortality in Uganda and South Africa.

The role of biological sex on clinical outcomes and the pathogenesis of AIDS-related opportunistic infections is unknown. We assessed baseline biomarkers and outcomes between 577 men and 400 women in HIV-related cryptococcal meningitis cohorts in Uganda and South Africa from 2010 to 2017. We compared 10-week mortality by sex via Cox proportional hazards models. The 10-week mortality for women was 50% (198/400) and 43% (247/577) for men. Women had higher risk of death in an unadjusted model (Hazard Ratio (HR) = 1.20; 95%CI, 1.00-1.45; P = . 05). Women maintained a higher risk when adjusting for quantitative CSF culture, altered mental status, CSF pleocytosis, age, and antiretroviral status (HR = 1.31; 95%CI, 1.07-1.59; P < .01). However, after adjusting for hemoglobin, the risk of death did not differ between women and men (HR = 1.17; 95%CI, 0.94-1.45; P = .17). Moderate to severe anemia (hemoglobin < 8.5 g/dL) was present among 16% (55/355) of women and 10% (55/532) of men (P = .02). Of the 373 participants with CSF biomarkers, men had higher median pro- and anti-inflammatory, monocyte/macrophage differentiation, maturation, and migration, immune exhaustion, and cytotoxicity cytokines than women (P < .05). We identified biological sex as proxy for anemia, a potentially modifiable risk factor for cryptococcal meningitis mortality. Immune response may contribute to the multifaceted underlying mechanisms for the discrepancy in mortality based on sex. LAY SUMMARY We examined the role of biological sex in cryptococcal meningitis mortality in a large cohort. Our findings reveal significant differences in inflammatory markers by biological sex. Women have significantly higher mortality due to cryptococcal meningitis that is attributable to anemia at baseline.
The Learning Curve of Laparoendoscopic Single-Site Surgery in Benign Gynecological Diseases

Abstract Objective To analyze and draw the learning curve of laparoendoscopic single-site surgery (LESS) in various benign gynecological diseases, so as to provide a reference for applying this cutting-edge technique. Methods A retrospective analysis of LESS was conducted. Factors influencing the LESS learning process were assessed using Cox’s proportional hazards regression. The cumulative sum (CUSUM) value and the learning curve were calculated and visualized based on operation time (OT), blood loss (BL), conventional laparoscopic surgery (CLS), conversion rate (CV), and complications (CP). The CUSUM value was defined as the sum of CUSUMOT, CUSUMBL, CUSUMCV, and CUSUMCP. Results A total of 445 cases, including adnexectomies (n = 147), ovarian cystectomies (n = 175), and myomectomies (n = 123) were analyzed. Multivariate regression analysis indicated that adhesion grade (HR, 1.462; 95% CI, 1.016–1.994; p = .045), surgical type (HR, 1.283; 95% CI, 1.042–1.429; p = .024), and surgeon CLS experience (HR, 1.372; 95% CI, 1.097–2.246; p = .012) were independent factors predicting surgeons’ mastery of the LESS technique. Among gynecologists with CLS experience, the cutoff points were 17, 20, and 27 cases for adnexectomy, ovarian cystectomy, and myomectomy, respectively. For those without CLS experience, the corresponding cutoff values were 19, 27, and 35 cases. Conclusion The learning curve of LESS for benign gynecological diseases indicates a stepwise process, during which the surgeon’s CLS experience is the key, especially in ovarian cystectomy and myomectomy. For the training of young gynecologists, CLS should be emphasized in the early stage, and LESS should be introduced gradually.
COGNITIVE FUNCTIONAL THERAPY LEBIH BAIK DALAM MENURUNKAN DISABILITAS DARIPADA LATIHAN MCKENZIE PADA PENDERITA NON-SPECIFIC LOW BACK PAIN DI DESA SUNGAI TENDANG

ABSTRAK Pendahuluan: Non-specific Low Back Pain (NLBP) merupakan nyeri punggung bawah yang tidak dihubungkan dengan patologi spesifik. Terjadinya disabilitas pada NLBP akibat adanya nyeri, imbalance muscle, spasme otot dan perubahan psikologis. Oleh karena itu, dengan adanya pemberian terapi fisik dapat menurunkan nyeri, peningkatan stabilitas dan koreksi postur pada tulang belakang, terapi latihan ini bisa berupa latihan McKenzie dan Cognitive Functional Therapy (CFT). Tujuan Penelitian: untuk mengetahui CFT dapat menurunkan disabilitas dibandingkan dengan latihan McKenzie pada NLBP. Metode: Penelitian ini menggunakan rancangan eksperimental melibatkan sejumlah 20 orang sampel yang merupakan warga Desa Sungai Tendang penderita NLBP berusia 30-60 tahun. Sampel terbagi menjadi 2 Kelompok secara acak sederhana, dimana Kelompok 1 (n = 10) diberikan CFT dan Kelompok 2 (n = 10) diberikan latihan McKenzie. Penelitian ini dilakukan 3 kali seminggu selama 4 minggu dengan menggunakan kuesioner penilaian Modified Oswestry Disability Index (MODI). Hasil: Hasil pengujian hipotesis menggunakan paired sample t-test sebelum dan setelah intervensi pada Kelompok 1 dengan nilai p <0,0001 yang berarti bahwa ada perbedaan yang bermakna dari nilai disabilitas sebelum dan setelah intervensi CFT pada NLBP. Pada Kelompok 2 didapatkan nilai p <0,0001 yang berarti bahwa ada perbedaan yang bermakna dari nilai disabilitas sebelum dan setelah intervensi McKenzie pada NLBP. Uji beda disabilitas setelah intervensi antara Kelompok 1 dan Kelompok 2 menggunakan Independent Samples t-test didapatkan nilai p = 0,001 dengan rerata setelah pada kelompok 1 sebesar 4,40±2,06 dan pada Kelompok 2 sebesar 10,80±4,63. Kesimpulan: CFT lebih daik dalam menurunkan disabilitas dibandingkan dengan MK pada penderita NLBP.
MEK inhibitors in RASopathies

Purpose of review An early understanding of the role of the Ras/Raf/MEK/ERK signalling pathway in regulating cell proliferation has set the stage for the development of several potent and selective MEK inhibitors (MEKi). MEKi represent promising therapies for RAS-driven neoplasias and RASopathies associated with increased Ras/MAPK activity. Recent findings Neurofibromatosis 1 (NF1) is a prototypic RASopathy in which early-phase clinical trials with MEKi have been successful in the treatment of plexiform neurofibromas (pNF) and low-grade gliomas (LGGs). The phase 2 trial (SPRINT) of selumetinib in pNF resulted in at least 20% reduction in the size of pNF from baseline in 71% of patients and was associated with clinically meaningful improvements. On the basis of this trial, selumetinib (Koselugo) received FDA approval for children 2 years of age and older with inoperable, symptomatic pNF. The phase 2 trial of selumetinib in LGG resulted in 40% partial response and 96% of patients had 2 years of progression-free survival. Summary Given the potential of MEK inhibition as an effective and overall well tolerated medical treatment, the use of targeted agents in the NF1 population is likely to increase considerably. Future work on non-NF1 RASopathies should focus on developing preclinical models and defining endpoints for measurement of efficacy in order to conduct clinical trials.
Automated control of fraction of inspired oxygen: is it time for widespread adoption?

PURPOSE OF REVIEW Over the past two decades, numerous algorithms for automated control of the fraction of inspired oxygen (FiO2) have been developed and incorporated into contemporary neonatal ventilators and high-flow devices in an attempt to optimize supplemental oxygen therapy in preterm infants. This review explores whether current evidence is sufficient to recommend widespread adoption of automated oxygen control in neonatal care. RECENT FINDINGS To date, 15 studies have compared automated versus manual control of FiO2 in preterm infants on respiratory support. This includes four new randomized cross-over trials published in the last 2 years. Available evidence consistently demonstrates a significant improvement in time spent within the target saturation range with automated FiO2 control. There are fewer episodes of severe hypoxemia and fewer manual FiO2 adjustments with automated oxygen control. Nursing workload may be reduced. However, no currently completed studies report on clinical outcomes, such as chronic lung disease or retinopathy of prematurity. SUMMARY Automated oxygen control appears to be a reasonable option for FiO2 titration in preterm infants on respiratory support, if resources are available, and might substantially reduce nursing workload. Further randomized clinical trials to explore its effects on clinical outcomes are required.