Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Stochastic model of short-term prediction of stock prices and its profitability in the czech stock market

This paper deals with stochastic modelling and short time prediction of share price development in Czech stock market. The aim of this research is to create such models which can be used for creating automatic trading strategies that will beat the market. Reliability of these models is being checked in three highly liquid shares from Prague Stock O2, CEZ and KB in seven years long period in years 2006–2012. We used Markov chain analysis for modelling. In our models a state space is defined on the basis of cumulative daily changes of share price and a state space with eight states is used. The state space is defined parametrically as a multiple of standard deviation of daily yields for each share. There were 14 parameters calculated in total and for each parameter nine trading strategies for all shares were applied. It means that 378 trading strategies were calculated. We succeeded in finding a set of compact state space models and in applying a compact group of trading strategies on these models which always beat the market when invested in portfolio. The average annual market yield was 3.6%. The average yield of our portfolios oscillates between 4.7% and 14.8%. Strategies overcame the market also even after including transaction costs. After including transaction costs in amount of 0.1% from the trade volume a decrease of average annual yields would occur in the range from 0.45 to 2.1 percentage points. We reached the best results in the sideway trend and in shares with less changing volatility. Conclusions of this research are in contradiction to the Efficient Market Hypothesis. Results indicate that Czech stock market is not effective in any of its form.
Evolution of lactation: nutrition v. protection with special reference to five mammalian species

The evolutionary origin of the mammary gland has been difficult to establish because little knowledge can be gained on the origin of soft tissue organs from fossil evidence. One approach to resolve the origin of lactation has compared the anatomy of existing primitive mammals to skin glands, whilst another has examined the metabolic and molecular synergy between mammary gland development and the innate immune system. We have reviewed the physiology of lactation in five mammalian species with special reference to these theories. In all species, milk fulfils dual functions of providing protection and nutrition to the young and, furthermore, within species the quality and quantity of milk are highly conserved despite maternal malnutrition or illness. There are vast differences in birth weight, milk production, feeding frequency, macronutrient concentration, growth rate and length of lactation between rabbits, quokkas (Setonix brachyurus), pigs, cattle and humans. The components that protect the neonate against infection do so without causing inflammation. Many protective components are not unique to the mammary gland and are shared with the innate immune system. In contrast, many of the macronutrients in milk are unique to the mammary gland, have evolved from components of the innate immune system, and have either retained or developed multiple functions including the provision of nourishment and protection of the hatchling/neonate. Thus, there is a strong argument to suggest that the mammary gland evolved from the inflammatory response; however, the extensive protection that has developed in milk to actively avoid triggering inflammation seems to be a contradiction.
Ultrasound monitoring of ovarian follicular development: A comparison of real‐time and static scanning techniques

Follicular growth was monitored in 19 patients during 20 spontaneous and induced cycles by different examiners in a blind trial using a real‐time linear array, a mechanical sector scanner, and a gray scale compound scanner. This was done to compare the efficacy of different ultrasound equipment in the study of ovarian cycle. The mean maximum follicular diameter was calculated with each equipment and the quality of follicular images was classified as poor, sufficient, and good as defined in the study. The overall best results in ovary and follicle visualization were achieved with the real‐time sector scanner. Measurements of the same dominant follicle using real‐time and compound scanners were highly correlated (linear array/compound scanner: r = 0.894, p < 0.001; sector/compound scanner: r = 0.928, p < 0.001). Following ovulation, some unexpected differences in the distribution of the postovulatory patterns were noted with each instrument. Except in difficult patients, real‐time examination, preferably performed using a sector scanner, appears to be the optimal first ultrasonic approach for monitoring follicular growth.
An algorithm for accurate needle orientation

For the early diagnosis and treatment, a needle insertion for biopsy and treatment is a common and important means. To solve the low accuracy and high probability of repeat surgery in traditional surgical procedures, a computer-assisted system is an effective solution. In such a system, how to acquire the accurate orientation of the surgical needle is one of the most important factors. This paper proposes a “Center Point Method” for needle axis extraction with high accuracy. The method makes full use of edge points from two sides of the needle in image and creates center points through which an accurate axis is extracted. Experiments show that the proposed method improves needle orientation accuracy by approximately 70% compared to related work in binocular stereovision system.
Effective Image Block Compressed Sensing

In this paper, we propose an effective block compressed sensing algorithm using projected Land Weber based on bivariate shrinkage (BCS PL-BS) for natural images, and an improved noise variance estimation method is presented by using soft-thresholding bivariate shrinkage model for wavelet-based image denoising, which can more effectively remove noise and achieve better image reconstruction quality. Furthermore, the BCS PL-BS algorithm based on DPCM quantization is depthly studied. Experimental results demonstrate that the reconstruction performances of the proposed algorithm significantly outperform those of several state-of-the-art compressed sensing algorithms.
Trade liberalisation and domestic reforms in Indian oilseeds sector

Present study has tried to capture the changes took place in oilseed economy of the country during pre-(1970–71 to 1994–95) and post-WTO (1995–96 to 2012–13) periods. The expansion of acreage under oilseeds (from 16.6 in 1970–71 to 26.7 Mha in 2012–13), coupled with yield improvement from 519 to 1164 kg/ha, resulted in increased production by more than three and half times from 8.6 to 31.1 Mt in respective periods. The share of area and production of different oilseeds have changed in study period. The groundnut and other oilseeds viz.; safflower, sesamum, niger, castor, and linseed were the major oilseed crops in 1970’s, have been displaced by soyabean and rapeseed & mustard in the recent period. TMOP in 1986 results in higher growth in area and production in pre-WTO than that of post-WTO period in all the oilseeds. Higher instability in production than area and yield was observed in all the oilseeds, except sunflower because more than 70 per cent of oilseeds in the country are grown under rain fed and resource poor situations. In case of edible oils, production, availability and per capita consumption increased in study period. But the consumption pattern has drastically changed from domestically produced groundnut, rapeseed & mustard oils in pre-WTO period to mostly imported palm, sunflower and soya oils in post-WTO period. India attained almost self sufficiency in edible oils during early 90’s, but import dependence has increased then after which may further like to increase in future. Hence study suggests the need of policy reforms for development of oilseeds sector and to became self sufficient in edible oils.
Functional Dissection of Eyes absent Reveals New Modes of Regulation within the Retinal Determination Gene Network

ABSTRACT The retinal determination (RD) gene network encodes a group of transcription factors and cofactors necessary for eye development. Transcriptional and posttranslational regulation of RD family members is achieved through interactions within the network and with extracellular signaling pathways, including epidermal growth factor receptor/RAS/mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK), transforming growth factor β/DPP, Wingless, Hedgehog, and Notch. Here we present the results of structure-function analyses that reveal novel aspects of Eyes absent (EYA) function and regulation. We find that the conserved C-terminal EYA domain negatively regulates EYA transactivation potential, and that GROUCHO-SINE OCULIS (SO) interactions provide another mechanism for negative regulation of EYA-SO target genes. We have mapped the transactivation potential of EYA to an internal proline-, serine-, and threonine-rich region that includes the EYA domain 2 (ED2) and two MAPK phosphorylation consensus sites and demonstrate that activation of the RAS/MAPK pathway potentiates transcriptional output of EYA and the EYA-SO complex in certain contexts. Drosophila S2 cell two-hybrid assays were used to describe a novel homotypic interaction that is mediated by EYA's N terminus. Our data suggest that EYA requires homo- and heterotypic interactions and RAS/MAPK signaling responsiveness to ensure context-appropriate RD gene network activity.
Altered oxytocin and vasopressin levels in autistic children in Central Saudi Arabia.

OBJECTIVE The aim of the current study is to assess plasma levels of oxytocin and vasopressin in autistic children. Also, to correlate plasma levels of those neuropeptides to the degree of autism and age of the affected child. An additional aim is to investigate the role of Pitocin induction in the genesis of autism. METHODS The study was conducted in Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia between September 2003 and April 2004. Seventy-seven autistic child from Riyadh area participated in the study, with the confirmed diagnosis according to DSM-IV diagnostic criteria of autism. The parents/guardians filled a simple related questionnaire, then plasma oxytocin and vasopressin levels were measured in autistic and control children. RESULTS Results showed a statistically significant lower plasma level of oxytocin and vasopressin in autistic children as compared to controls. There was no significant correlation between the degree of autism, or the age of the affected child and plasma levels of oxytocin or vasopressin. There was a higher incidence of Pitocin-induced labor among autistics as compared to normal. CONCLUSION Data in this study prove that oxytocin and vasopressin plasma levels were reduced in autistic children which, might be related to abnormal social behavior in autistic children. Higher rates of Pitocin induction were found among the autistic group. The data supports an association between exogenous exposure to oxytocin and neurodevelopmental abnormalities. Further clinical studies are recommended to explore the possible therapeutic effects of oxytocin and vasopressin in autism.
Reviewing the evidence: can cognitive behavioral therapy improve outcomes for patients with chronic orofacial pain?

AIMS To review evidence for chronic orofacial pain management using cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT). METHODS Electronic databases were searched for randomized controlled trials in which CBT was compared either alone or in combination with other forms of therapy for management of chronic orofacial pain. The quality of trials was assessed blind by three authors using a validated scale that had been specifically designed to score the quality of randomized controlled trials for psychological interventions. Author agreement was assessed using interclass correlation co_efficients. RESULTS Fourteen potentially relevant randomized controlled trials were identified. Seven trials were excluded, leaving seven for analysis; two studies were merged as they included the same trial and therefore six trials were used in the final analysis. All but one of the randomized controlled trials identified were based on temporomandibular disorders (TMD). Scoring of the trials showed that the three raters were in close agreement, with four trials performing well (scores of 22-35) whilst the remaining two trials were poor (scores < 18). Of the four trials, one did not show any improvement with CBT prior to conservative treatment whilst the other three showed that CBT alone or in conjunction with conservative treatment improved both short-term and long-term outcomes in functional, dysfunctional, and chronic TMD patients. CONCLUSIONS CBT, either alone or in combination with biofeedback, conservative treatment and/or self-care, can improve outcomes for patients with TMD in secondary care. However, further research is needed to assess its effectiveness in primary care and in management of other chronic orofacial pain conditions. Further, the number of sessions needed, mode of delivery, and cost-effectiveness also remain unclear.
Risk factors of invasive cervical cancer in Mali.

BACKGROUND Cervical cancer is the most common cancer in women in Mali and the second commonest cause of cancer mortality. METHODS As part of an international effort to evaluate the role of human papillomavirus (HPV) in the aetiology of cervical cancer, we conducted a hospital-based case-control study in three medical centres in Bamako during 1994-1995. A total of 82 cases (invasive cervical cancer patients) and 97 controls matched to the cases for age were included. Information on risk factors was collected through personal interview. Serum antibodies to HPV 16, 18 and 31 virus like particles (VLP) were detected using ELISA assays. Polymerase chain reaction was used to detect HPV DNA in frozen biopsies of cases. RESULTS Human papillomavirus 6, 18, 31 VLP were detected in 60.4% of cases and 45.4% of controls (P = 0.03). Overall, HPV DNA was identified in 96.9% of the cervical cancer cases. Risk factors for cervical cancer were parity >10 versus <5 children ([odds ratio] OR = 4.8, 95% CI : 1.5-14.7), never having practised vaginal douching (OR = 17.6, 95% CI : 4.2-74.7), re-using home-made feminine napkins (OR = 45.9, 95% CI : 8.8-238.7) and having a husband with more than two wives (OR = 5.3, 95% CI : 1.3-21.3). CONCLUSIONS These data provide further evidence on the role of HPV in cervical cancer and show that high parity and poor genital hygiene conditions were the main co-factors for cervical cancer in this population with prevalent HPV infection.
FRONTAL LOBE WOUNDS CAUSING DISINHIBITION

The study of disturbed function following injury or surgical intervention has yielded a large amount of information about the effects of such injury when it involves the frontal lobes in man, and certain patterns of reaction have become apparent after frontal lobe damage. The significance of these patterns as indicators of the part played by the frontal lobes in the general organization of thought and behaviour is, however, less assured, and their relation to anatomical site within the pre-frontal area is still a matter of conjecture. The type of change which appears from case to case shows much inconstancy, although cases can always be identified which show a similar constellation of symptoms. Of these changes the most impressive are those in which character and temperament are profoundly altered. Thus, the selfrespecting man becomes irreverent or inconsiderate of the feelings of others; uninhibited behaviour becomes apparent and may be of a degree to bring the individual into conflict with society and its laws. These striking changes in personality, which were first adequately described a hundred years ago by Harlow (1848, 1868) in the classic case of Phineas Gage, are rare but are of such a distinctive qualitative nature that they form perhaps the most characteristic feature of the " frontal lobe syndrome ". They can all on the whole be regarded as due to " disinhibition ", that is to say, to a disturbance of the mechanisms responsible for the control of behaviour in its social setting. When we come to study the phenomenon of disinhibition after frontal lobe injury two points of great significance emerge. First, changes in character and temperament due to disinhibition seem only to occur significantly in a minority of cases, and it is not generally possible to establish disinhibition in every case of frontal lobe damage. It may well be,
Bloodmeal size and nutritional status of Triatoma infestans under natural climatic conditions

7 ~ m m r i ; u irtjiwui;s (Klug) (Hemiptcra: Reduvidae) is an important domestic \'ector o f Trypartosoma c w z i (Chagas) in the seven southernmost countries of Latin America. It5 ability to transmit this posterior station parasite, causative agent of Chaga\ disease, depends largely on biting freyuency and bloodmeal size which, in turn. affect the host contact rate. rejection volunie and timing of defaecation (C'atali. 1991; Trumper & Gorla, 1991). Most data on these factors are based on laboratory studies. often with partially starved insects feeding on a restrained host o r artificial membrane, resulting in a high proportion of replete bloodmeals and defaecation occurring while the insect remains on the host (e.g. Cuba et ul., 1978: Piesman s( Sherlock, 1983; Szumlewics. 1976). In contrast. laboratory records o f feeding from an unrestrained host with the effect of host irritability on feeding success, o r when bloodmeals are offered daily, indicates that significantly less blood i \ ingested (Schofield. 1982: Asin. 1992: Lazzari. unpuhl. data). In studies of 7:~~If~sruiz.s maintained with access to chicken hosts tinder natural climatic conditions in the chaco region of i ' qxnt ina ( l o r details o f methods see Gorla. 1991: Ciorla CQ Schofielcl. 1989). we established that T.itz,#hm. \ ry 2 ~ 3 days during summer, but virtually no feeding ackivity occurs during the cold \\inter (Catald. 1091 ). Another study at optimal temperatures revealed a blood consumption rate of 9% per day (Catala et al. 1092), indicating that T.irzfestarzs rarely takes a complete Rloodmeal. The effects o f ingesting partial bloodmeals on clefaccation frequency could markedly affect the rate o f tranrmission of 7 ' . m t : i (Trumper & Gorla. 1991 ). this pattern o f activity. we measured the bloodmeiil \ire o f ' / ' , / t ! f c . \ t ~ 4 J l . S nymphs and adults among
VITAMIN E IN CRANES: REFERENCE RANGES AND NUTRIENT INTERACTIONS

Fat soluble vitamins E and A (quantified as α-tocopherol and all-trans retinol, respectively) were measured in plasma samples from 274 captive cranes from four institutions and five free-ranging birds. Ages ranged from 4 mo to 80 yr, and all 15 crane species were represented. Captive cranes had a mean ± standard error (SE) of 6.57 ± 0.82 μg/ml α-tocopherol; migrating greater sandhill cranes (Grus canadenis tabida) had a plasma concentration of 3.71 ± 0.22 μg/ml. Sex and age differences were not significant, but crane species that evolved in temperate habitats had higher circulating levels of α-tocopherol than tropical or subtropical species. Mean ± SE retinol values were 0.69 ± 0.05 μg/ml in captive cranes, and 0.66 ± 0.08 μg/ml in free-ranging cranes; values did not differ significantly by sex, age, or species. Dietary vitamin E concentrations were significantly correlated with plasma α-tocopherol levels in a logarithmic relationship. Dietary selenium at 0.5 mg/kg was associated with decreased circulating a-tocopherol concentrations.
Natural Killer Cells Mediate Long-term Kidney Allograft Injury

Background Chronic allograft injury remains the leading cause of late kidney graft loss despite improvements in immunosuppressive drugs and a reduction in acute T cell–mediated rejection. We have recently demonstrated that natural killer (NK) cells are cytotoxic to tubular epithelial cells and contribute to acute kidney ischemia-reperfusion injury. The role of NK cells in kidney allograft rejection has not been studied. Methods A “parent to F1” kidney transplant model was used to study NK cell–mediated transplant rejection. Results The C57BL/6 kidneys were transplanted into fully nephrectomized CB6F1 (C57BL/6 x BALB/c) mice. Serum creatinine levels increased from baseline (18.8 ± 5.0 &mgr;mol/L to 37.2 ± 5.9 &mgr;mol/L, P < 0.001) at 60 days after transplantation. B6Rag−/−-to-CB6F1Rag−/− (B6Rag−/−xBALB/cRag−/−) recipients, which lack T and B cells but retain NK cells, showed similar levels of kidney dysfunction 65 days after transplantation (creatinine, 33.8 ± 7.9 &mgr;mol/L vs 17.5 ± 5.1 &mgr;mol/L in nontransplant Rag−/− mice, P < 0.05). Importantly, depletion of NK cells in Rag1−/− recipients inhibited kidney injury (24.6 ± 5.5 &mgr;mol/L, P < 0.05). Osteopontin, which can activate NK cells to mediate tubular epithelial cell death in vitro, was highly expressed in 60 days kidney grafts. Osteopontin null kidney grafts had reduced injury after transplantation into CB6F1 mice (17.7 ± 3.1 &mgr;mol/L, P < 0.001). Conclusions Collectively, these data demonstrate for the first time that independent of T and B cells, NK cells have a critical role in mediating long-term transplant kidney injury. Specific therapeutic strategies that target NK cells in addition to conventional immunosuppression may be required to attenuate chronic kidney transplant injury.
Effect of cortical bone thickness and implant placement torque on stability of orthodontic mini-implants.

PURPOSE To examine the relationship between cortical bone thickness, inter-root distance (horizontal space), distance from alveolar crest to the bottom of maxillary sinus (vertical space) at the prepared site, and implant placement torque and the success rate of mini-implants placed for orthodontic anchorage. MATERIALS AND METHODS After computerized tomography examination, mini-implants 1.6 mm wide and 8 mm long were placed in the posterior alveolar bone. The mini-implant was judged a success when orthodontic force could be applied for at least 6 months without pain or clinically detectable mobility. The unpaired t test was performed to examine differences between the success and failure groups. The chi-square analysis or Fisher exact probability test was used to compare the implant success according to placement torque, location, and patient gender. P values less than . 05 were considered significant. RESULTS The subjects included 4 males (11 implants) and 28 females (76 implants) who ranged in age from 14.6 to 42.8 years. The success rate of the 87 implants was 87.4%. Cortical bone thickness was significantly greater in the success group (1.42 +/- 0.59 mm vs 0.97 +/- 0.31 mm, P = .015). The success rate was significantly higher in the group with an implant placement torque of 8 to 10 Ncm (100%) as compared to implants with higher or lower placement torques. The odds ratio for failure of the mini-implant was 6.93 (P = .047) when the cortical bone thickness was less than 1.0 mm relative to 1.0 mm or more. CONCLUSION A relationship between stability after implant placement and the width and height of the peri-implant bone was not demonstrated. The prepared site should have a cortical bone thickness of at least 1.0 mm, and the placement torque should be controlled up to 10 Ncm.