Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Origin of the hot gas in low-mass protostars: Herschel-PACS spectroscopy of HH 46

Aims. "Water In Star-forming regions with Herschel" (WISH) is a Herschel key programme aimed at understanding the physical and chemical structure of young stellar objects (YSOs) with a focus on water and related species. Methods. The low-mass protostar HH 46 was observed with the Photodetector Array Camera and Spectrometer (PACS) on the Herschel Space Observatory to measure emission in H2O, CO, OH, [O I], and [C II] lines located between 63 and 186 mu m. The excitation and spatial distribution of emission can disentangle the different heating mechanisms of YSOs, with better spatial resolution and sensitivity than previously possible. Results. Far-IR line emission is detected at the position of the protostar and along the outflow axis. The OH emission is concentrated at the central position, CO emission is bright at the central position and along the outflow, and H2O emission is concentrated in the outflow. In addition, [O I] emission is seen in low-velocity gas, assumed to be related to the envelope, and is also seen shifted up to 170 km s(-1) in both the red-and blue-shifted jets. Envelope models are constructed based on previous observational constraints. They indicate that passive heating of a spherical envelope by the protostellar luminosity cannot explain the high-excitation molecular gas detected with PACS, including CO lines with upper levels at >2500 K above the ground state. Instead, warm CO and H2O emission is probably produced in the walls of an outflow-carved cavity in the envelope, which are heated by UV photons and non-dissociative C-type shocks. The bright OH and [O I] emission is attributed to J-type shocks in dense gas close to the protostar. In the scenario described here, the combined cooling by far-IR lines within the central spatial pixel is estimated to be 2 x 10(-2) L-circle dot, with 60-80% attributed to J- and C-type shocks produced by interactions between the jet and the envelope.
Lipoprotein Multigene Families in Mycoplasma pneumoniae

ABSTRACT In this study, reverse transcriptase PCR was employed to construct a transcriptional profile of Mycoplasma pneumoniae lipoprotein genes contained in six multigene families. Most genes were found to be expressed. Many truncated lipoprotein genes were expressed, often polycistronically with other truncated genes, indicating that these genes may still be functional.
A Novel Direct Inverse Modeling Approach for Hysteresis Compensation of Piezoelectric Actuator in Feedforward Applications

The Prandtl-Ishlinskii (PI) model is widely utilized in hysteresis modeling and compensation of piezoelectric actuators. For systems with rate-independent hysteresis, the inverse PI model is analytically feasible and it can be adopted as a feedforward compensator for the hysteretic nonlinearity of piezoelectric actuators. However, for the rate-dependent PI model, the applicable valid inversion methodology is not yet available. Although simply replacing all the rate-independent terms in the conventional inversion law with the rate-dependent terms can achieve acceptable results at very slow trajectories. However, a large theoretical modeling error is inevitable at fast trajectories, which is investigated through simulations. This paper proposes a new direct approach to derive the inverse PI model directly from experimental data. As no inversion calculation is involved, the proposed direct approach is efficient and the theoretical modeling error can be avoided. In order to validate the accuracy of the direct approach, a number of experiments have been implemented on a piezo-driven compliant mechanism by utilizing the inverse PI model as a feedforward controller. The tracking performance of the mechanism is significantly improved by the direct approach.
Comparison of Computer Tomography and Magnetic Resonance Imaging Scans on the Third Day of Life in Term Newborns With Neonatal Encephalopathy

OBJECTIVE. Our goal was to compare the patterns of brain injury detected by computed tomography, conventional MRI (T1- and T2-weighted sequences), and diffusion-weighted MRI in a cohort of term newborns with neonatal encephalopathy studied uniformly with all 3 modalities on the third day of life. METHODS. Term newborns (≥36 weeks' gestation) admitted to our center with neonatal encephalopathy were scanned with computed tomography, MRI, and diffusion-weighted MRI at 72 (±12) hours of life (n = 48). Each modality was scored independently of the other with previously validated scoring systems. The predominant pattern of brain injury was classified as: normal, watershed, basal nuclei, total (maximal basal nuclei and watershed), and focal-multifocal (presence of strokes and/or white matter injury alone). RESULTS. The agreement for the predominant pattern of injury was excellent between MRI and diffusion-weighted MRI (77% agreement). The agreement for the pattern of injury was also good for computed tomography and diffusion-weighted MRI (67% agreement). The extent of cortical injury and focal-multifocal lesions, such as strokes and white matter injury, were less apparent on computed tomography than diffusion-weighted MRI. In 19 newborns with a repeat MRI in the second week of life, the predominant pattern seen on the day 3 diffusion-weighted MRI was confirmed. CONCLUSIONS. Diffusion-weighted MRI is the most sensitive technique with which to assess brain injury on day 3 of life in term newborns with neonatal encephalopathy, particularly for cortical injury and focal-multifocal lesions such as stroke and white matter injury. All 3 modalities identify the most serious patterns of brain injury similarly.
Enhancing usability using automated security interface adaptation (ASIA)

This paper investigates users’ understanding of security features and application and examines perceptions relating to usability. The study made use of an online survey consisting of five sections and recruited a total of 564 participants. Respondents were presented with a range of questions designed to measure their experience and knowledge of security. In addition, 2 scenarios were presented to respondents which examined their understanding of security warnings and potential threats, including email phishing and a potentially fraudulent attack through downloading an application. The survey results revealed that end-users are still experiencing significant difficulties with understanding and reacting to current state-of-the-art security applications, messages and potential threats. Furthermore, evidence suggests there is a corresponding need for a novel approach to improve perception and usability of information security.
An Efficient Scheme for Broadcast Authentication in Wireless Sensor Networks

Broadcast authentication is a fundamental security service in distributed sensor networks. This paper presents a new sensor broadcast authentication scheme based on muTESLA. muTESLA is a broadcast authentication protocol whose scalability is limited by its unicast-based initial parameter distribution. The proposed scheme use double key chains to solve the problem to distribute the muTESLA parameters to a large number of sensor nodes. The analysis shows that this scheme is efficient and practical, and can achieve better performance than the previous approaches
Person Identification Using Peg Free Hand Geometry Measurement

Hand geometry based biometric identification has most suitable and acceptable biometric trait for low security applications as it is less invasive and very user friendly. This Research proposes study of personal identification using hand geometry features. Hand geometry features consist of the length & width of fingers, length & width of palm, deviations, and angles. Image acquisition done without using pegs. In this research system total 28 features are extracted. The identification is done using Euclidian distance. Results are tested on real time database as well as standard database. The proposed method gives FAR= 0.48& FRR=1
Expression of Wee1 and Its Related Cell Cycle Components in Mouse Early Stage Follicles

Wee1 is a kinase regulator of the M-phase promoting factor (a complex of cdc2 and cyclin B1). The present study was performed to determine the role(s) of wee1 in the early stages of mouse ovarian follicles. Expression of wee1 and the correlated cell cycle components, namely cdc2, cyclin B1, and cdc25C, was evaluated by immunohistochemistry. In addition, expression of Tyr15-phosphorylated cdc2 (cdc2-p) was also examined to determine whether wee1 kinase phosphorylates cdc2. Each component except cdc25C was found in the oocyte cytoplasm at all follicular stages, while cdc25C was not detected in primordial follicles. It was found primarily in ovarian interstitial cells and to a small extent in granulosa cells of the developing secondary follicles. To further confirm the expression of cell cycle components in the primordial follicular oocytes, day 1 ovaries were enzymatically and mechanically dissociated, then oocytes were isolated from somatic cells including pre-granulosa cells, and we confirmed that cdc2-p was expressed in oocytes of primordial follicles. The results of the present study led to the conclusion that wee1, without the counteracting cdc25C, would cause meiotic arrest of oocytes by inhibitory phosphorylation of cdc2. Expression of all these proteins in the granulosa cells of growing follicles may regulate granulosa cell mitosis concurrently with the growth of oocytes and follicles.
A Study of Options for High-Speed TDM-PON Beyond 10G

In this paper, we present and discuss options for increasing the serial bitrate of time-division-multiplexed passive optical network (TDM-PON) beyond 10 Gbps. The objective of this paper is to give an overview of the candidate technologies for increasing the serial bitrate beyond 10 Gbps and investigate which is the most suitable based on cost and technical performance. For PON-based systems, the main target is to increase the serial bitrate while decreasing the cost per bit. Challenges associated with increasing the serial bitrate beyond 10 Gbps are studied. Technologies that have the potential to enable the increase of the serial bitrate in a cost effective way are presented and discussed. Different modulation schemes are presented and the tradeoffs for each scheme are studied. An overview of experimental results on 25 and 40 Gbps TDM-PON reported in the literature is given as well.
Cloning and expression of a full-length cDNA encoding human inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate 3-kinase B.

Inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate (InsP(3)) 3-kinase catalyzes the phosphorylation of InsP(3) to inositol 1,3,4,5-tetrakisphosphate (InsP(4)). cDNAs encoding three isoenzymes of InsP(3) 3-kinase (3-kinases A, B, and C) have been previously reported; however, a demonstrably full-length cDNA encoding human InsP(3) 3-kinase B was still lacking. Here we report the cloning of a full-length 2841-bp cDNA encoding human InsP(3) 3-kinase B. Northern blot analysis shows the presence of an ubiquitous transcript of approximately 7.2 kb in a large number of human tissues. InsP(3) 3-kinase activity measured in COS-7 cells transfected with InsP(3) 3-kinase B shows an activity that was 8-fold increased upon the addition of Ca(2+)/calmodulin in the assay mixture.
Effects of Ivabradine on 6-Minute Walk Test and Quality of Life in Patients With Previously Implanted CRT-D

Background We aimed to evaluate clinical effects of additional heart rate control by ivabradine on life quality score and 6-minute walking test in patients with previously implanted biventricular cardiac resynchronization therapy defibrillator (CRT-D) with ischemic heart failure under regular treatment. Methods Fifteen men and 14 women with a median age of 63 years (range, 48–79 years) were studied. Twenty-one patients were in New York Heart Association class II (8 patients were in class III), CRT-D implanted previously, and with resting heart rates greater than 70 beats per minute with sinus rhythm despite conventional medication. Patients were given 2.5- to 7.5-mg ivabradine orally twice a day, and drug dosage was titrated to decrease the patients’ average heart rate to 70 beats per minute. Before and 3 months after ivabradine treatment, all patients underwent extensive clinical, echocardiographic, and laboratory evaluation. Results Ivabradine treatment produced dose-dependent reductions in heart rate at rest and at peak exercise (91.9 ± 6.3 to 71.7 ± 4.8 and 114.4 ± 7.6 to 96.8 ± 4.8; P = 0.001 and P = 0.001, respectively). There were also significant improvements in life quality score (52.4 ± 9.5 to 37.9±7.8; P = 0.001) and 6-minute walking distance (278.7 ± 85.8 to 373.3 ± 94.0; P = 0.001) of patients. All patients with New York Heart Association class III became class II after 3 months of ivabradine treatment. Conclusion Heart rate reduction in a short-term period by ivabradine produced significant improvements in exercise capacity and life quality in patients with CRT-D and conventional therapy.
Systemic lupus erythematosus in Hispanics

Systemic lupus erythematosus is a serious autoimmune disease that causes significant morbidity and mortality. It is also a disease for which several clinical differences among ethnic groups have been documented. Until recently, Hispanics, as separate patient cohort, had not been included in these studies. As a result, there is currently little information concerning its characteristics both at the clinical and at the molecular levels. With the currently available data, we can ascertain that this population exhibits considerable heterogeneity, in which some genetic mutations have been detected that may confer greater susceptibility and/or protection against the disease. The important differences in the clinical manifestations include a higher rate of renal complications as well as greater mortality. The latter may be due, at least in part, to lower socio-economic levels and inappropriate access to health care. However, given the limited data available that have focused on potential molecular mechanisms that may affect the Hispanic population affected with lupus, we cannot conclude that all the differences in disease outcome, complications, and severity that affect this patient population may be due to sociological factors. We conclude that more research is required to evaluate potential genetic and molecular factors that affect Hispanic lupus patients.
Isolation and characterization of psychrophiles producing cold-active beta-galactosidase.

AIMS The present study was conducted to screen for psychrophilic micro-organisms that are able to hydrolyse lactose at low temperature, and to examine the cold-active beta-galactosidase produced by the isolated psychrophilic micro-organisms. METHODS AND RESULTS Psychrophilic bacteria, which grow on lactose as a sole carbon source, were isolated from soil from Hokkaido, Japan. The phenotype and sequence of 16S rDNA of the isolated strains indicated a taxonomic affiliation to Arthrobacter psychrolactophilus. The isolated A. psychrolactophilus strains were able to grow on lactose at below 5 degrees C, and showed cold-active beta-galactosidase activity, which was highly specific at even 0 degrees C. CONCLUSIONS Facts in this study may indicate the possibility that the isolated strains produce novel beta-galactosidases that are able to hydrolyse lactose at low temperature, although some strains have isozymes. SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY It may be possible that the cold active beta-galactosidases from the isolated strains can be applied to the food industry, e.g. processing of milk and whey below 5 degrees C.
Pedestrian intention estimation from egocentric data

The prediction of pedestrian movements, here referred as intention, is important to improve the autonomous vehicles' safety systems. Recognize it correctly helps to avoid traffic accidents, specially on low visibility areas, non-line-of-sight or hiding. This paper analyzes the use of movement information provided by an accelerometer carried by pedestrians. With real data extracted from a real experiment, It is proved that the use of simple classifiers can detect the crossing-or not-crossing intention over a street, before the pedestrian does action.
Purification and characterisation of the pyruvate decarboxylase from a haploid strain of Saccharomyces cerevisiae.

A novel purification procedure was developed for pyruvate decarboxylase (PDC, E.C. 1.1.1.4) from the haploid yeast strain YSH 4.127-1A expressing only one (PDC1) of the three structural genes for PDC. The purified enzyme is homotetrameric with a molecular mass of about 240,000 whereas PDC from brewer's yeast is a dimer of dimers composed of subunits of different size (alpha 2 beta 2) with the same molecular mass as the tetramer. Despite these structural variations there are no significant differences in the kinetic behaviour of the two enzyme species. PDC purified from the haploid yeast mutants shows a sigmoid dependence of the reaction rate from the substrate concentration due to the substrate activation. In the presence of the substrate surrogate pyruvamide the shape of the v/S plot is transformed into a hyperbolic one. As expected, polyclonal antibodies react with both the enzyme from haploid yeast strain mutants and that from brewer's yeast.
GONGED (Geometridae of New Guinea Electronic Database): a progress report on development of an online facility of images

Holloway, J. D. , Miller, S. E. , Pollock, D. M. , Helgen, L. & Darrow, K. (2009): GONGED (Geometridae of New Guinea Electronic Database): a progress report on development of an online facility of images. Pp. 122-123 in: Hausmann, A. (ed.): Proceedings of the fifth Forum Herbulot 2008. Global strategies for plotting geometrid biodiversity in web-based databases (Munich, ZSM, 24-28 June 2008). – Spixiana 32/1: 122-123
Factors influencing the intestinal infection of chickens with Salmonella typhimurium.

SUMMARY Seven-week-old birds inoculated orally with Salmonella typhimurium and deprived of water for various periods had comparable infection rates but marked differences in longevity of shed. Longevity of shed was influenced most when water deprivation was during the three days preceding inoculation. Infection rates and shed duration of 14-week-old chickens were greatest from S. typhimurium culture administered orally plus Escherichia coli given intramuscularly, less from S. typhimurium culture orally plus magnesium sulfate, and least from S. typhimurium given alone or from washed cells of S. typhimurium given orally. Infected birds were held on wire until only 1 of 42 continued to shed, and were then transferred to a litter floor. Twenty-eight days later, 60% of these birds had shed one or more times while on litter. Sixty-three days after transfer, however, all birds and all litter samples were negative, and no salmonellae were isolated at necropsy. Extensive sampling of litter failed to reveal salmonellae. Baby chicks brooded on this litter and sampled weekly for 5 weeks failed to become infected. Sampling of 39 sites over the entire intestinal tract revealed infection in 14 of 50 experimental birds at necropsy. The number of sites from which isolations were made in any one bird ranged from 1 to 29. Each of the 39 sites yielded salmonellae in at least one bird. Sampling of cecal contents and cecal tonsils was superior to sampling either cecal contents or, particularly, cecal tonsils alone.
LrhA as a new transcriptional key regulator of flagella, motility and chemotaxis genes in Escherichia coli

The function of the LysR‐type regulator LrhA of Escherichia coli was defined by comparing whole‐genome mRNA profiles from wild‐type E. coli and an isogenic lrhA mutant on a DNA microarray. In the lrhA mutant, a large number (48) of genes involved in flagellation, motility and chemotaxis showed relative mRNA abundances increased by factors between 3 and 80. When a representative set of five flagellar, motility and chemotaxis genes was tested in lacZ reporter gene fusions, similar factors for derepression were found in the lrhA mutant. In gel retardation experiments, the LrhA protein bound specifically to flhD and lrhA promoter DNA (apparent KD≈ 20 nM), whereas the promoters of fliC, fliA and trg were not bound by LrhA. The expression of flhDC (encoding FlhD2C2) was derepressed by a factor of 3.5 in the lrhA mutant. FlhD2C2 is known as the master regulator for the expression of flagellar and chemotaxis genes. By DNase I footprinting, LrhA binding sites at the flhDC and lrhA promoters were identified. The lrhA gene was under positive autoregulation by LrhA as shown by gel retardation and lrhA expression studies. It is suggested that LrhA is a key regulator controlling the transcription of flagellar, motility and chemotaxis genes by regulating the synthesis and concentration of FlhD2C2.
Comparison of auto-tuning methods of PID controllers based on models and closed-loop data

Due to changes of operating condition in industrial processes, it is necessary to tune the PID parameters to fulfill the requirement of production. The auto-tuning technology of PID controllers effectively overcomes the shortcomings of human tuning which is time consuming. In this paper several auto-tuning PID methods are discussed and compared, including Ziegler-Nichols tuning, Kappa-Tau method, IMC-PID auto-tuning, auto-tuning of fractional PID controller and data-based FRIT method. Furthermore, the illustrative examples and simulation results are also given. In this way this paper aims to provide useful references and suggestions for practical auto-tuning methods.
Lyn-Dependent Signaling Regulates the Innate Immune Response by Controlling Dendritic Cell Activation of NK Cells

The innate immune response is a first line of defense against invading pathogens; however, the magnitude of this response must be tightly regulated, as hyper- or suboptimal responses can be detrimental to the host. Systemic inflammation resulting from bacterial infection can lead to sepsis, which remains a serious problem with high mortality rates. Lyn tyrosine kinase plays a key role in adaptive immunity, although its role in innate immunity remains unclear. In this study, we show that Lyn gain-of-function (Lynup/up) mice display enhanced sensitivity to endotoxin and succumb to upregulated proinflammatory cytokine production at a dose well tolerated by control animals. Endotoxin sensitivity in Lynup/up mice depends on dendritic cells (DCs) and NK cells and occurs though a mechanism involving increased maturation and activation of the DC compartment, leading to elevated production of IFN-γ by NK cells. We further show that modulation of endotoxin-induced signal transduction in DCs by Lyn involves the phosphatases Src homology 2 domain-containing phosphatase-1 and SHIP-1. Collectively, we demonstrate that Lyn regulates DC physiology such that alterations in Lyn-dependent signaling have profound effects on the nature and magnitude of inflammatory responses. Our studies highlight how perturbations in signaling pathways controlling DC/NK cell-regulated responses to microbial products can profoundly affect the magnitude of innate immune responses.