Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Intravenous platelet blockade with cangrelor during PCI.

BACKGROUND Intravenous cangrelor, a rapid-acting, reversible adenosine diphosphate (ADP) receptor antagonist, might reduce ischemic events during percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). METHODS In this double-blind, placebo-controlled study, we randomly assigned 5362 patients who had not been treated with clopidogrel to receive either cangrelor or placebo at the time of PCI, followed by 600 mg of clopidogrel. The primary end point was a composite of death, myocardial infarction, or ischemia-driven revascularization at 48 hours. Enrollment was stopped when an interim analysis concluded that the trial would be unlikely to show superiority for the primary end point. RESULTS The primary end point occurred in 185 of 2654 patients receiving cangrelor (7.0%) and in 210 of 2641 patients receiving placebo (8.0%) (odds ratio in the cangrelor group, 0.87; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.71 to 1.07; P=0.17) (modified intention-to-treat population adjusted for missing data). In the cangrelor group, as compared with the placebo group, two prespecified secondary end points were significantly reduced at 48 hours: the rate of stent thrombosis, from 0.6% to 0.2% (odds ratio, 0.31; 95% CI, 0.11 to 0.85; P=0.02), and the rate of death from any cause, from 0.7% to 0.2% (odds ratio, 0.33; 95% CI, 0.13 to 0.83; P=0.02). There was no significant difference in the rate of blood transfusion (1.0% in the cangrelor group and 0.6% in the placebo group, P=0.13), though major bleeding on one scale was increased in the cangrelor group, from 3.5% to 5.5% (P<0.001), because of more groin hematomas. CONCLUSIONS The use of periprocedural cangrelor during PCI was not superior to placebo in reducing the primary end point. The prespecified secondary end points of stent thrombosis and death were lower in the cangrelor group, with no significant increase in the rate of transfusion. Further study of intravenous ADP blockade with cangrelor may be warranted. (ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT00385138.)
Neuraminidase inhibitors for treatment of influenza A and B infections.

Influenza epidemics are responsible for an average of approximately 20,000 deaths per year in the United States. The main method for preventing influenza and its severe complications is influenza vaccination. Influenza-specific antiviral drugs are an important adjunct to vaccine but are not a substitute for vaccine. In the United States, four antiviral agents are approved for preventing or treating influenza: amantadine, rimantadine, zanamivir, and oseltamivir. Amantadine was approved for prophylaxis of influenza A(H2N2) infection in the United States in 1966 and was approved for prophylaxis and treatment of influenza A infection in 1976; rimantadine was approved for treatment and prophylaxis of influenza A infection in 1993 [corrected]. This report provides information on two neuraminidase inhibitors, zanamivir and oseltamivir, which were approved in 1999. Neuraminidase inhibitors are a new class of antiviral drugs that inhibit influenza A and B viruses. Zanamivir is approved for treatment of uncomplicated acute illness caused by influenza virus in persons aged > or =12 years who have been symptomatic for no more than 2 days. Oseltamivir is approved for treatment of uncomplicated illness caused by influenza infection in adults aged > or =18 years who have been symptomatic for no more than 2 days. Neither zanamivir nor oseltamivir is approved for influenza prophylaxis. This report and the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP) 1999 recommendations on influenza prevention and control (MMWR 1999;48[No.RR-4]:1-28) can be accessed at the website for the Influenza Branch, Division of Viral and Rickettsial Diseases, National Center for Infectious Diseases, CDC, at or at the MMWR website at .
Roles of MicroRNA-21 in Skin Wound Healing: A Comprehensive Review

MicroRNA-21 (miR-21), one of the early mammalian miRNAs identified, has been detected to be upregulated in multiple biological processes. Increasing evidence has demonstrated the potential values of miR-21 in cutaneous damage and skin wound healing, but lack of a review article to summarize the current evidence on this issue. Based on this review, relevant studies demonstrated that miR-21 played an essential role in wound healing by constituting a complex network with its targeted genes (i.e., PTEN, RECK. SPRY1/2, NF-κB, and TIMP3) and the cascaded signaling pathways (i.e., MAPK/ERK, PI3K/Akt, Wnt/β-catenin/MMP-7, and TGF-β/Smad7-Smad2/3). The treatment effectiveness developed by miR-21 might be associated with the promotion of the fibroblast differentiation, the improvement of angiogenesis, anti-inflammatory, enhancement of the collagen synthesis, and the re-epithelialization of the wound. Currently, miRNA nanocarrier systems have been developed, supporting the feasibility clinical feasibility of such miR-21-based therapy. After further investigations, miR-21 may serve as a potential therapeutic target for wound healing.
The refolding, purification, and activity analysis of a rice Bowman-Birk inhibitor expressed in Escherichia coli.

A putative rice trypsin/chymotrypsin inhibitor of the Bowman-Birk family, RBBI-8 of about 20 kDa, was expressed in Escherichia coli as a fusion protein bearing an N-terminal (His)6 purification tag. The expressed recombinant protein, rRBBI-8, is insoluble and accumulates as inclusion bodies. The insoluble protein was solubilized in 8 M urea under reducing environment and then refolded into its active conformation under optimized redox conditions. Strategies used to optimize yield and efficiency include selecting the redox system, increasing protein concentration during refolding by adding the denatured protein in a stepwise way, utilizing additives to prevent aggregation, and selecting buffer-exchanging conditions. A Ni-chelate affinity column was then employed to purify the renatured protein. rRBBI-8 shows strong inhibitory activity against trypsin and it can slightly inhibit chymotrypsin. In this study, a refolding and purification system was set up for this cysteine-rich recombinant protein expressed in a prokaryotic system.
Etude de certaines proprietes algebriques et spectrales des codes correcteurs d'erreur

Cette these est consacree a l'etude de certaines proprietes des codes et codeurs correcteurs d'erreur. Les signaux que nous etudions sont issus de codeurs par blocs et de codeurs convolutifs. L'etude se deroule selon deux axes distincts : l'un theorique, l'autre algorithmique. Contrairement aux codes en blocs, la structure des codes convolutifs est mal connue. Nous presentons de nouvelles proprietes des codeurs convolutifs : caracterisation des codes catastrophiques, propriete de saut de rang ce qui permet finalement de reconstruire un codeur minimal permettant de generer un code donne. L'etude des proprietes se poursuit par le calcul de la correlation spectrale et de la densite spectrale de puissance (dsp) des codes convolutifs et des codes par blocs. Celui-ci montre que, sous certaines conditions, la dsp de ces signaux possede une partie discrete composee de raies harmoniques dont il faut s'affranchir car ces raies jouent le role de brouilleurs vis-a-vis des communications transitant sur les canaux adjacents. Nous nous interessons ensuite au calcul pratique de la distance minimale d'un code. On s'interesse a deux algorithmes de recherche pratique des vecteurs de poids faible dans un code a partir de sa matrice generatrice : l'algorithme de j. S. Leon et la variante de a. Canteaut et f. Chabaud. Leur complexite moyenne theorique est approchee ce qui permet d'en optimiser les parametres et de fixer le champ de leur application. Enfin nous developpons un algorithme a vocation purement traitement du signal : l'harmogramme. Ce recepteur permet de detecter une suite de raies harmoniques et d'en estimer le fondamental ; on en etablit differentes versions selon la connaissance a priori du signal a detecter.
Phonological disorders in children: changes in phonological process use during treatment.

Unintelligible speech in childhood is often characterised by the use of unusual or deviant (i.e. non-developmental) phonological processes, e.g. initial consonant deletion. These processes are reported to appear at speech onset and to undergo little spontaneous change during the preschool years. The study reported here documents the changes that occurred in the phonological systems of seven phonologically disordered children during remediation that targeted unusual phonological processes. Qualitative changes in phonological process use were observed for all children. Six of the children made quantitative improvement in terms of the percentage consonants produced correctly in spontaneous speech. Individual differences in phonological learning strategy use are described.
Dendritic Cells

Abstract: The immune system is controlled by dendritic cells (DCs). Just as lymphocytes comprise different subsets, DCs comprise several subsets that differentially control lymphocyte function. In humans, the myeloid pathway includes Langerhans cells (LCs) and interstitial DCs (intDCs). While both subsets produce IL‐12, only intDCs make IL‐10 and induce B cell differentiation. Another pathway includes plasmacytoid DCs, which promptly secrete large amounts of IFN‐α/β viral encounter. Thus, insights into in vivo DC functions are important to understand the launching and modulation of immunity.
Insulin stimulates endogenous angiotensin II production via a mitogen-activated protein kinase pathway in vascular smooth muscle cells

Objective The present study was designed to determine the effects of insulin on cytosolic angiotensin II production and proliferation in cultured rat vascular smooth muscle cells. Design and methods Vascular smooth muscle cells were incubated with insulin for 48 h. Cytosolic angiotensin I and II were determined by radioimmunoassays of purified cell homogenates. Angiotensin II was also detected by immunohistochemistry of intact cells. Cell proliferation was determined by pulse labeling with radiolabeled thymidine. Angiotensinogen mRNA expression was determined by slot-blot analysis. Results Insulin significantly increased cytosolic angiotensin II concentration in vascular smooth muscle cells. Lisinopril, omapatrilat and irbesartan inhibited this increase of angiotensin II, but had no effect on angiotensin I levels. Immunohistochemical staining confirmed the presence of angiotensin II in control and insulin-treated vascular smooth muscle cells. Insulin increased cell proliferation, and addition of lisinopril, omapatrilat or irbesartan inhibited this effect. Insulin also increased expression of angiotensinogen mRNA in cultured vascular smooth muscle cells, but PD98059, a mitogen-activated protein kinase inhibitor, prevented the rise in angiotensinogen expression. Conclusion These results support the concept that insulin stimulates angiotensin II production in cultured vascular smooth muscle cells through a mitogen-activated, protein kinase-dependent pathway that might be a factor in the progression of atherosclerosis. Agents that block the renin–angiotensin system have direct protective effects, reducing vascular angiotensin II and growth of vascular smooth muscle cells and are thus of cardiovascular benefit.
MONITORING CARDIO RESPIRATORY AND GESTURE RECOGNITION SYSTEM USING SENSOR PILLOW SYSTEM

In this paper, I have developed a system to diagnose sleep disorders for paralysed people by monitoring cardio respiratory and Gesture Recognition during sleep condition based on Polysomnography, then intimate doctor through Zigbee or GSM. Polysomnography will record the brain waves, oxygen level in the blood, heart rate in the human Gesture movements can be measured using Sensor Pillow which contains an arrangement of FSR sensors. When the force applied on the active surface of FSR sensor, which producing an anolog signal. The entire arrangement of FSR sensor, Respiratory sensor, Zigbee or GSM with Visual Basic (VB) software in our system is useful for monitoring the disorder of sleep, Heart rate, Blood Pressure. For small distances, we use Zigbee otherwise using GSM.
The complexity and the research area of AIS

Purpose – Aims to look into the fundamental purpose of accounting information systems (AIS). Design/methodology/approach – The paper is based on research and the authors' own knowledge and experience.Findings – Finds that, if AISs are to justify their function, they have to be re‐defined or “re‐engineered” in light of the new developments mentioned in this article.Originality/value – The paper indicates the complexity of accounting information systems and justifies the view that the field of research in accounting information systems is wide, multidisciplinary and promising. The results of a well‐conducted research, which is much needed, should benefit organisations and society as a whole.
The role of hormones in muscle hypertrophy

ABSTRACT Anabolic-androgenic steroids (AAS) and other hormones such as growth hormone (GH) and insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) have been shown to increase muscle mass in patients suffering from various diseases related to muscle atrophy. Despite known side-effects associated with supraphysiologic doses of such drugs, their anabolic effects have led to their widespread use and abuse by bodybuilders and athletes such as strength athletes seeking to improve performance and muscle mass. On the other hand, resistance training (RT) has also been shown to induce significant endogenous hormonal (testosterone (T), GH, IGF-1) elevations. Therefore, some bodybuilders employ RT protocols designed to elevate hormonal levels in order to maximize anabolic responses. In this article, we reviewed current RT protocol outcomes with and without performance enhancing drug usage. Acute RT-induced hormonal elevations seem not to be directly correlated with muscle growth. On the other hand, supplementation with AAS and other hormones might lead to supraphysiological muscle hypertrophy, especially when different compounds are combined.
WPaxos: Ruling the Archipelago with Fast Consensus

WPaxos is a multileader Paxos protocol that provides low-latency and high-throughput consensus across wide-area network (WAN) deployments. Unlike statically partitioned multiple Paxos deployments, WPaxos perpetually adapts to the changing access locality through object stealing. Multiple concurrent leaders coinciding in different zones steal ownership of objects from each other using phase-1 of Paxos, and then use phase-2 to commit update-requests on these objects locally until they are stolen by other leaders. To achieve fast phase-2 commits, WPaxos adopts the flexible quorums idea in a novel manner, and appoints phase-2 acceptors to be close to their respective leaders. We implemented WPaxos and evaluated it on WAN deployments across 5 AWS regions. The dynamic partitioning of the object-space and emphasis on zone-local commits allow WPaxos to significantly outperform both partitioned Paxos deployments and leaderless Paxos approaches, while providing the same consistency guarantees.
Etudes multi-longueurs d’onde de l’endommagement laser à la surface de composants optiques en silice en régime nanoseconde

Cette these porte sur l'endommagement laser a la surface de composants optiques en silice amorphe en regime nanoseconde. Ce phenomene est une modification irreversible du materiau. Dans le regime nanoseconde, l'endommagement laser de la silice est etroitement correle a la presence de defauts precurseurs qui sont une consequence de la synthese et du polissage des composants. Cette these propose des investigations sur l'endommagement laser par plusieurs longueurs d'onde simultanement. Afin de mieux apprehender ce phenomene dans ces conditions d'irradiation, trois etudes sont conduites. La premiere porte sur la phase d'amorcage des dommages. Les resultats experimentaux obtenus dans les cas mono-longueur d'onde permettent de mettre en avant un couplage dans le cas multi-longueurs d'onde. Une comparaison de ces resultats avec un modele theorique developpe au cours de cette these permet d'ameliorer la comprehension des processus fondamentaux lies a cette phase d'endommagement. Puis, des caracterisations morphologiques post mortem couplees a une metrologie precise des faisceaux laser permettent d'etablir la nature ainsi que la chronologie des mecanismes conduisant a la formation des dommages. Le scenario theorique propose est valide a travers differentes experiences. En dernier lieu, nous etudions la phase de croissance des dommages dans les cas mono et multi-longueurs d'onde. Une fois de plus, cette derniere configuration met en lumiere un couplage entre les longueurs d'onde. Nous montrons la necessite de prendre en compte les caracteristiques spatiales des faisceaux laser lors d'une session de croissance des dommages.
An essay on optimal size of government: a case study of Pakistan

Pakistan is a developing country and faces the problem of the fiscal deficit since government expenditures are higher than revenues. In this situation the government has to raise loans to cover this deficit and the burden of loans and debt service is increasing significantly. Additionally, most of the budget has gone to service the debt. Under these circumstances, this study is an attempt to find the optimal size of the government and compare it with the actual size of the government. To calculate the optimal threshold level of government spending, the methodology used by Heerden (2008) for Pakistan is adopted. Finally, this study provides a guide for policymakers, either to reduce or increase the size of governme.
Activated charcoal as the sole intervention for treatment after childhood poisoning

Childhood poisonings account for approximately two thirds of all human toxic exposures reported annually to the American Association of Poison Control Centers. Activated charcoal (AC) is the mainstay of decontamination in the emergency department setting. This review focuses on six concepts: 1) description of AC and its method of action, 2) evolution of AC in the gastrointestinal decontamination process, 3) prehospital use of AC, 4) superactivated charcoal, 5) multiple-dose AC, and 6) complications of AC administration. The most recent evolving trends in decontamination of the pediatric patient include trends toward earlier decontamination, either in the home or by paramedics in the field. The newer, “super” activated charcoals, with their greater surface area, may improve compliance of oral administration of AC. Finally, guidelines have been set to limit use of multiple-dose activated charcoal regimens to certain pharmaceuticals only, as well as discouraging cathartic use with charcoal dosing.
Improved effectiveness from a real time LISP garbage collector

This paper describes a real-time garbage collection algorithm for list processing systems. We identify two efficiency problems inherent to real-time garbage collectors, and give some evidence that the proposed algorithm tends to reduce these problems. In a virtual memory implementation, the algorithm restructures the cell storage area more compactly, thus reducing working sets. The algorithm also may provide a more garbage-free storage area at the end of the collection cycle, although this claim really must await empirical verification.
Strategies and Steps for the Accomplishment of Bioequivalence Regulations in Chile

The process of bioequivalence policy implementation in Chile is presented. A chronological description of the regulatory bodies and tools to help fulfilling this legal requirement as well as the methodology to select drugs and their drug products subject to demonstrate bioequivalence is presented. Also, it is depicted the strategies used by health authorities to implement this new drug policy in order to not affecting drug product availability, increasing generics penetration in the pharmaceutical market and improving access to medicines both in the public and private healthcare system as well. Overall, it is expected that the implementation of the bioequivalence policy would contribute to health expenditure containment allowing redirecting the health budget to other sanitary needs as the most important challenge to come.
Does the Addition of Explicit Clarification of Auditor Independence Statement to the Auditor’s Report Matter to Equity Analysts?

The Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (PCAOB) adopted a new auditing standard to enhance the relevance and usefulness of the auditor’s report. One of the changes introduced in the new reporting model is the addition of a statement that explicitly clarifies the auditor’s independence (AS 3101.09.g). We administer a survey to investigate whether explicitly clarifying the auditor’s independence in the auditor’s report affects equity analysts’ perceptions of auditor independence, perceptions of financial reporting reliability, and their judgment when it comes to making stock recommendations to clients. A total of 123 equity analysts are recruited via Qualtrics for the study. The findings of the survey provide evidence that corroborates the position of the PCAOB that explicit clarification of auditor independence provides relevant information useful to public users such as equity analysts. Our study is the first to evaluate equity analysts’ perceptions about auditor independence using the new PCAOB auditor reporting model regarding the explicit clarification of auditor independence in the auditor’s report. Our study contributes to research, practice, and policy.
HLA class I distribution in Japanese patients with schizophrenia.

Several Caucasian studies and one Japanese study have observed associations between human leukocyte antigen (HLA) class I specificities, including A24 (9) and A26 (10) and schizophrenia. Most of those studies were conducted in 1970s and early 1980s, when the typing technique of HLA was not adequately reliable. Also, an operational diagnostic system was not employed in many of the studies. The present study investigated frequencies of HLA-A specificities in schizophrenia patients (ICD-10 and DSM-III-R, n=98) and sex-matched healthy controls (n=392) from population in the southwestern part of Japan. HLA-B and -C specificities were studied in addition. Frequencies of subjects possessing A24 and A26 were not different between the patients and controls (54% and 24% in the patients and 62% and 24% in the controls, respectively). No significant difference was found in frequencies of other class I (A, B, and C) specificities between the patients and the controls. Thus, the present study provided no evidence for an association between the HLA class I specificities, including A24, A26, and others, and schizophrenia in the Japanese population.