Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Plant connectivity underlies plant‐pollinator‐exploiter distributions in Ficus petiolaris and associated pollinating and non‐pollinating fig wasps

Mutualism is ubiquitous in nature, and nursery pollination mutualisms provide a system well suited to quantifying the benefits and costs of symbiotic interactions. In nursery pollination mutualisms, pollinators reproduce within the inflorescence they pollinate, with benefits and costs being measured in the numbers of pollinator offspring and seeds produced. This type of mutualism is also typically exploited by seed-consuming non-pollinators that obtain resources from plants without providing pollination services. Theory predicts that the rate at which pollen-bearing ‘foundresses’ visit a plant will strongly affect the plant's production of pollinator offspring, non-pollinator offspring, and seeds. Spatially aggregated plants are predicted to have high rates of foundress visitation, increasing pollinator and seed production, and decreasing non-pollinator production; very high foundress visitation may also decrease seed production indirectly through the production of pollinators. Working with a nursery mutualism comprised of the Sonoran Desert rock fig, Ficus petiolaris, and host-specific pollinating and non-pollinating fig wasps, we use linear models to evaluate four hypotheses linking species interactions to benefits and costs: 1) foundress density increases with host-tree connectivity, 2) pollinator production increases with foundress density, and 3) non-pollinator production and 4) seed production decrease with pollinator production. We also directly test how tree connectivity affects non-pollinator production. We find strong support for our four hypotheses, and we conclude that tree connectivity is a key driver of foundress visitation, thereby strongly affecting spatial distributions in the F. petiolaris community. We also find that foundress visitation decreases at the northernmost edge of the F. petiolaris range. Finally, we find species-specific effects of tree connectivity on non-pollinators to be strongly correlated with previously estimated non-pollinator dispersal abilities. We conclude that plant connectivity is highly important for predicting plant-pollinator-exploiter dynamics, and discuss the implications of our results for species coexistence and adaptation.
Primary Structure and Effect of pH on the Expression of the Plasma Membrane H +-ATPase from Dunaliela acidophila and Dunaliela salina ’

l h e plasma membrane H+-ATPase gene was cloned and sequenced from the extremely acidophilic green alga Dunaliella acidophila and from the extremely halotolerant Dunaliella salina. A special feature of the Dunaliella H+-ATPases is an extended C-terminal domain. l h e deduced amino acid sequences of the two proteins are 75% identical but differ in their C terminus. A hydrophilic loop within this domain in D. salina, which presumably faces the cell exterior, has a high ratio of acidic over basic amino acids, typical of halophilic proteins. l h e amount of the ATPase protein in plasma membranes and the level of its mRNA transcript in D. acidophila are far higher than in D. salina, suggesting that D. acidophila overexpresses the enzyme. A pH shift from 9.0 to 7.0 induces in D. salina a large increase in the level of the H+-ATPase mRNA and in the amount of the H+-ATPase protein. This suggests that the expression of the H+-ATPase in D. salina is pH-regulated at the transcriptional level. l h e implications of these findings are discussed with respect to the adaptive pressures imposed on these algal species by their exceptional environmental conditions.
COLONIZAÇÃO E ATRAÇÃO DE PEIXES RECIFAIS EM PLATAFORMAS DE PERFURAÇÃO NO LITORAL BAIANO

A exploração de petróleo e gás em águas rasas da plataforma continental é há décadas uma realidade no Brasil, implementada nos estados da Bahia, Sergipe e Rio Grande do Norte. Considerando ainda que a indústria petrolífera no litoral do Brasil apresenta claros sinais de expansão, especialmente a partir das recentes prospecções sísmicas que indicaram novas e promissoras áreas de óleo e gás em águas relativamente rasas, crescem as apreensões relacionadas às questões ambientais, especialmente sobre as plataformas localizadas em águas rasas, próximas a tradicionais áreas de pesca e ecossistemas sensíveis, uma vez que essas estruturas desempenham funções ecológicas pouco conhecidas no Brasil.
Conceptual Coordination: How the Mind Orders Experience in Time

Contents: Preface. Part I: Computational Models of Process Memory. Introduction: The Temporal Relations of Conceptualization. Computational Memory Architectures. Neural Architectures for Categorization and Sequential Learning. Part II: Serial Learning as Physical Coordination. Coupled Perceptual-Motor Conception. Extending a Felt Path. Slips and Composed Parallel Binding. The Paintbrush Inventors: Analogy and Theorizing. Part III: Speaking as Creating Knowledge. Bartlett's Reconstructive Memory. Transformational Processes, Grammars, and Self-Organizing Strings. Comprehension Difficulties Related to "Interference in Short-Term Memory. " Stored Descriptive-Schemas Revisited. Problem-Space Models Revisited. Conclusions: The Nature and Role of Consciousness.
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A porcine animal model, designed to simulate physiologic characteristics of the combat casualty, was used to assess the effects of moderate and severe blood loss on arterial blood gas and acid-base status in the absence of anesthesia or other interventions. Chronic catheters were placed surgically in the aorta, via the carotid artery, in three groups (n=6/group) of young, domestic pigs. Seven to ten days after surgery, each animal was brought into the laboratory and the catheter was connected to a three-way stopcock and pressure transducer for blood removal and hemodynamic recording. After 30 minutes of unrestrained and uninterrupted supine rest, control measurements were made every 10 minutes for the next 30 minutes. Thereafter, the pig was subjected to one of three 1-hour treatments: 30 percent loss of the estimated blood volume; 50 percent blood loss; or left undisturbed (control group). Subsequent to the hemorrhage or control period, all measurements were repeated at 0, 30, 60, 120, 180, 240 and 300 minutes of spontaneous recovery. Immediately after the hemorrhage episode, the blood gas and acid-base status of pigs subjected to 30 percent hemorrhage was unaltered relative to their own control values or the values recorded in the control group of pigs. Fifty percent blood loss led to a metabolic acidosis that was largely compensated. Accordingly, the group mean for blood pH decreased slightly, from 7.500 to 7.464, P CO from 41.0 to 28.4 torr, [HCO] from 31.0 to 21.0 mEq/l, and base exceis from 8.1 to -1.3 mEq/l, while arterial P 02 rose from 79.7 to 98.8 torr. During the 5-hour period of spontaneous recovery, all the foregoing changes reverted to and eventually exceeded values recorded in the initial control period or in the control group measured at the same time point of recovery. Except for arterial P 02, which remained at control levels, the acid-base values of pigs subjected to 30 percent hemorrhage also rose and eventually exceeded control levels as the period of spontaneous recovery progressed. On the basis of linear regression and correlation analysis, it appears that arterial chemoreceptor drive for ventilation became inoperative during and for five hours after hemorrhage. These analyses also indicate that baroreceptor drive of heart rate was eliminated during hemorrhage but returned during spontaneous recovery.
HERSCHEL MEASUREMENTS OF MOLECULAR OXYGEN IN ORION

We report observations of three rotational transitions of molecular oxygen (O2) in emission from the H2 Peak 1 position of vibrationally excited molecular hydrogen in Orion. We observed the 487 GHz, 774 GHz, and 1121 GHz lines using the Heterodyne Instrument for the Far Infrared on the Herschel Space Observatory, having velocities of 11 km s−1 to 12 km s−1 and widths of 3 km s−1. The beam-averaged column density is N(O2) = 6.5 × 1016 cm−2, and assuming that the source has an equal beam-filling factor for all transitions (beam widths 44, 28, and 19″), the relative line intensities imply a kinetic temperature between 65 K and 120 K. The fractional abundance of O2 relative to H2 is (0.3–7.3) × 10−6. The unusual velocity suggests an association with a ∼5″ diameter source, denoted Peak A, the Western Clump, or MF4. The mass of this source is ∼10 M☉ and the dust temperature is ⩾150 K. Our preferred explanation of the enhanced O2 abundance is that dust grains in this region are sufficiently warm (T ⩾ 100 K) to desorb water ice and thus keep a significant fraction of elemental oxygen in the gas phase, with a significant fraction as O2. For this small source, the line ratios require a temperature ⩾180 K. The inferred O2 column density ≃5 × 1018 cm−2 can be produced in Peak A, having N(H2) ≃ 4 × 1024 cm−2. An alternative mechanism is a low-velocity (10–15 km s−1) C-shock, which can produce N(O2) up to 1017 cm−2.
RIPC suppresses nitrite during IR 1 Remote ischaemic preconditioning suppresses endogenous plasma nitrite 1 during ischaemia-reperfusion : a randomised controlled crossover pilot study 2 3

Citing this paper Please note that where the full-text provided on King's Research Portal is the Author Accepted Manuscript or Post-Print version this may differ from the final Published version. If citing, it is advised that you check and use the publisher's definitive version for pagination, volume/issue, and date of publication details. And where the final published version is provided on the Research Portal, if citing you are again advised to check the publisher's website for any subsequent corrections.
Women and jobs

As a member of the Institute I wish to plead with other members on interviewing committees and in administrations to try to overcome built in prejudices and to at least allow well qualified women an equal chance of interesting, gainful employment. I have now applied for many positions in answer to advertisements in the national press (and Physics Bulletin).
Characterizing the Use of Browser-Based Blocking Extensions To Prevent Online Tracking

Browser-based blocking extensions such as Ad blockers and Tracker blockers have provisions that allow users to counter online tracking. While prior research has shown that these extensions suﬀer from several usability issues, we know little about real world blocking extension use, why users choose to adopt these extensions, and how eﬀectively these extensions protect users against online tracking. To study these questions, we conducted two online surveys examining both users and non-users of blocking extensions. We have three main ﬁndings. First, we show both users and non-users of these extensions only possess a basic understanding of online tracking, and that participants’ mental models only weakly correlate with their behavior to adopt these extensions. Second, we ﬁnd that that each type of blocking extension has a speciﬁc primary use associated with it. Finally, we ﬁnd that users report that extensions only rarely break websites. However when websites break, users only disable their extensions if they trust and are familiar with the website. Based on our ﬁndings, we make recommendations for designing better protections against online tracking and outline directions for future work.
O Ontology-Based Data Access and Integration

An ontology-based data integration (OBDI) system is an information management system consisting of three components: an ontology, a set of data sources, and the mapping between the two. The ontology is a conceptual, formal description of the domain of interest to a given organization (or a community of users), expressed in terms of relevant concepts, attributes of concepts, relationships between concepts, and logical assertions characterizing the domain knowledge. The data sources are the repositories accessible by the organization where data concerning the domain are stored. In the general case, such repositories are numerous, heterogeneous, each one managed and maintained independently from the others. The mapping is a precise specification of the correspondence between the data contained in the data sources and the elements of the ontology. The main purpose of an OBDI system is to allow information consumers to query the data using the elements in the ontology as predicates. In the special case where the organization manages a single data source, the term ontologybased data access (ODBA) system is used.
Realizando grupos focais como estratégia de reflexão no desenvolvimento profissional de professores de Matemática na EJA

Public policies (PP) focused on the professional development of teachers for Basic Education has been occurring frequently in Brazilian context. However, the evaluation of PP, especially those involving emerging themes is still scarce. In this article we focus on New EJA, a state policy of Rio de Janeiro focused on in service teacher program for Youth and Adults Education (YAE). Our main source of data collection and data analysis consists of video-recorded focus groups and through descriptive analysis elucidated categories that may be useful in the formation of PP professional development in mathematics for EJA. The study highlights that a PP in-service training consider at least three realms in the professional development of educators: his conceptions regarding the specificity of YAE, the attention for the elaboration of didactic materials articulated with the purposes of the YAE, and a formative program that provides face to face and online continuously reflections.
Hands-Popie Hands Popie using coin size wireless sensor

Human gestures are typical examples of non-verbal communication, and help people communicate smoothly [1]. However, using camera to recognizing gesture needs high processing power and suffer from delays in recognition [2]. Popie [3] is a pen-based menu interface that facilitate the entering of Japanese text, but the user must be attached to screen in order to use this interface. So our main motivation is how we should design a user interface that use cookie wireless sensor [4] as an input device. In this paper we describe the interface setting, method of recognizing full hand gestures and direction from 3D-accelerometer data.
Improvements in intensive care units

We have had some important improvements in the intensive care units (ICU) like high flow oxygen system (HFOS), therapeutic hypothermia, extra corporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO), extra corporeal carbon dioxide removal (ECCOR), echocardiography (ECHO) and ultrasonography (US). HFOS gives oxygen to the patients at rates of flow higher (up to 60 L/min) than that delivered traditionally in LFOS (up to 16L/ min). It is obtained 1 cmH2O PEEP for every 10L/min of flow delivered by HFOS. HFOS serves as an important alternative to noninvasive mechanical ventilation especially in the management of the patients with hypoxemic respiratory failure. Post-resuscitation care consists of optimization of oxygenation and ventilation, avoiding hypotension, treating immediate precipitants of cardiac arrest such as acute coronary ischemia and initiating therapeutic (induced) hypothermia. Therapeutic hypothermia decreases cerebral metabolic rate, blood volume, and intracranial pressure, prevents reperfusion injury. So hypotermia protects cerebral functions. ECMO, the type of cardiopulmonary support, has become an essential tool in critical care patients with severe respiratory and cardiac failure, refractory to conventional therapy methods. Critical care ultrasonography (CCUS) and echocardiography have utility for intensivist-performed, immediate diagnoses of life threatening diseases, with no need to transport patients to radiology or cardiology departments or wait for radiologist or cardiologist on a consultative basis. CCUS and echocardiography
The respiratory-dependent assembly of ANT 1 regulates cytochrome c release

INSERM U688, Universite Victor Segalen-Bordeaux 2, 146 rue Leo-Saignat, F-33076 Bordeaux Cedex, France, University of Versailles/St Quentin, PRES UniverSud Paris, CNRS UMR 8159, Bat Buffon, 45 avenue des Etats-Unis, F-78035 Versailles, France, Centre de genomique fonctionnelle, Universite Victor Segalen-Bordeaux 2, 146 rue Leo-Saignat, F-33076 Bordeaux Cedex, France, 4 Univ Paris-Sud, INSERM UMR-S 769, PRES UniverSud Paris, Châtenay-Malabry, 92290, France
Factors Influencing the Self‐Efficacy Beliefs of First‐Year Engineering Students

A survey incorporating qualitative measures of student self‐efficacy beliefs was administered to 1,387 first‐year engineering students enrolled in ENGR 106, Engineering Problem‐Solving and Computer Tools, at Purdue University. The survey was designed to identify factors related to students' self‐efficacy beliefs, their beliefs about their capabilities to perform the tasks necessary to achieve a desired outcome. Open‐ended questions prompted students to list factors affecting their confidence in their ability to succeed in the course. Students were then asked to rank these factors based on the degree to which their self‐efficacy beliefs were influenced. Gender trends emerged in student responses to factors that affect confidence in success. These trends are discussed in light of the categories identified by efficacy theorists as sources of self‐efficacy beliefs. The results presented here provide a useful look at the first‐year engineering experiences that influence students' efficacy beliefs, an important consideration in explaining student achievement, persistence, and interest.
Play at work: revisiting data focusing on chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes)

Summary - In this article I combine old and new data to provide an up to date contribution on social play in primates and, particularly, in chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes). Play behaviour is an ontogenetic trait in many mammalian species and is widely believed to have an important role in the assembly of adult behaviour. However, play may be at work also during some peculiar situations favouring cohesion and social manipulation. Here, I investigate some topics on social play. Firstly, I investigate the social mechanisms which are at the basis of the play-partner choice by exploring the “play intensity matching” hypothesis. Original data are used to examine how young chimpanzees modulate play sessions by using play signals (meta-communication). Secondly, I present data on the distribution of social play and grooming in the periods around feeding time and in a control condition, showing that play frequencies between adults and unrelated subjects are signifi cantly higher during pre-feeding. I discuss the possibility that play behaviour can be used to prevent confl ict escalation and to increase a peaceful co-feeding (pre-confl ict management). Finally, in a comparative approach, I contrast data collected on the two Pan species in order to evaluate whether, despite their phylogenetic closeness and similar social structure (fi ssion-fusion society), chimpanzees and bonobos (Pan paniscus) show diff erences in adult play behavior.
A note on the number of long runs

It is well known that if a coin is tossed many times there is a reasonable probability of long consecutive runs. Feller [8] studied this problem as has many other mathematicians and physicists. Feller was mostly concerned with the recurrent nature of the phenomena and only visited the probabilities through the generating functions. However the problem of calculating the probabilities has a reputation of being hard and often the probabilities are calculated using Monte Carlo simulations, [1], [5], [7] and [9]. In this paper we establish a simple recursion that calculates the probabilities and from this we calculate the exact solution of the probabilities as a function of r and n. One can think of the recurrences as being high order difference equations and so we reduce them to first order systems and use system theoretic techniques to analyze the asymptotic behavior. Here the largest eigenvalue plays a major role in the behavior. We also construct the generating functions. Generating functions are not usually considered in system theory but since they are the major part of Feller’s analysis we calculate them here. We show that the radius of convergence of the McLaurin series is given by the reciprocal of the largest eigenvalue of the characteristic function.
Multivariate Probability

In the discrete case a joint probability mass function tells you the probability of any combination of events X = a and Y = b: pX ,Y (a,b) = P(X = a,Y = b) This function tells you the probability of all combinations of events (the “,” means “and”). If you want to back calculate the probability of an event only for one variable you can calculate a “marginal” from the joint probability mass function: pX (a) = P(X = a) = ∑ y PX ,Y (a,y) pY (b) = P(Y = b) = ∑ x PX ,Y (x,b)
Evolutionary Algorithms for Vehicle Routing

This paper is a survey of the literature on applications of evolutionary algorithms for vehicle routing problems. It reports about genetic algorithms, evolution strategies and particle swarm optimization, when applied to the classical capacitated vehicle routing problem and many of its variants. The performance of evolutionary algorithms is also compared with the best alternative problem-solving approaches on benchmark instances.
EVIDENCE OF WAVE DAMPING AT LOW HEIGHTS IN A POLAR CORONAL HOLE

We have measured the widths of spectral lines from a polar coronal hole using the Extreme Ultraviolet Imaging Spectrometer on board Hinode. Polar coronal holes are regions of open magnetic field and the source of the fast solar wind. We find that the line widths decrease at relatively low heights. Previous observations have attributed such decreases to systematic effects, but we find that such effects are too small to explain our results. We conclude that the line narrowing is real. The non-thermal line widths are believed to be proportional to the amplitude of Alfvén waves propagating along these open field lines. Our results suggest that Alfvén waves are damped at unexpectedly low heights in a polar coronal hole. We derive an estimate on the upper limit for the energy dissipated between 1.1 R☉ and 1.3 R☉ and find that it is enough to account for up to 70% of that required to heat the polar coronal hole and accelerate the solar wind.
Adopting patient-centered care in standard practice : PROMs moving toward disease-specific era

Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt, and Darent Valley Hospital, Kent, United Kingdom. Yasser El Miedany, MD, FRCP (UK) Please address correspondence to: Yasser El Miedany, Consultant Rheumatologist, Darent Valley Hospital, Darenth Wood Road, DA2 8DA Dartford, Kent, United Kingdom. E-mail: drelmiedany@rheumatology4u.com Received on August 1, 2014; accepted in revised form on September 10, 2014. Clin Exp Rheumatol 2014; 32 (Suppl. 85): S40-S46. © Copyright CliniCal and ExpErimEntal rhEumatology 2014.
Adaptation d'un système d'OCR Markovien à de nouvelles fontes

We create a polyfont OCR recognizer using HMMs (Hidden Markov models) models of characters trained on a dataset of various fonts. We compare this system to monofont recognizers showing its low performance when it is used to recognize unseen fonts. In order to fill this gap of performance, we adapt the parameters of the models of the polyfont recognizer to a new dataset of unseen fonts using four different adaptation algorithms. The results of our experiments show that the adapted system is far more accurate than the initial system although it does not reach the accuracy of a monofont recognizer.