Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Mining Sequential Patterns with Time Intervals by Fuzzy Sets

: Prearranged a sequence database and minimum sustain verge; the errand of sequential pattern mining is to determine the absolute combinations of sequential patterns in databases. Commencing the exposed sequential patterns, we can be acquainted with what items are recurrently bought in concert and in what sort they appear. Though, they cannot inform us the time gaps concerning consecutive items in patterns. Appropriately, Chen, Chiang and Ko have projected a generalization of sequential patterns, called time-interval sequential patterns, which discloses not only the order of items but also the time intervals between consecutive items (Chen et al. 2003). An instance of time-interval sequential pattern has a form like (X, t2, Y, t1, Z), significance that we buy X first, then after an interval of t2 we buy Y, and at last after an interval of t1 we buy Z, where t2 and t1 are prearranged time ranges. Even though this new category of pattern can improve the over disquiet, it reasons the pointed periphery problem. i.e, when a time interval is close to the margin of two prearranged time ranges, we more over disregard or exaggerate it. Consequently, this paper uses the concept of fuzzy sets to expand the original research so that fuzzy time-interval sequential patterns are exposed from databases. An efficient algorithm, the FTI-Apriori algorithm, is developed for mining fuzzy time-interval sequential patterns by modifying traditional Apriori algorithm. An experimental study is shown for the algorithm.
A Defensive Mechanism for Deterring Reactive Jamming Attacks in WSN

— Reactive Jamming Attacks had evolved as a major security threat during the last decade due to its massive destructions to genuine wireless sensor communications until a jammer node defending scheme was developed. This scheme deactivates reactive jammers by efficiently identifying all trigger nodes whose transmissions invoke jammer nodes. In this existing solution the jamming zone identification procedure is carried out only during the initial time of operation but an attacker can come into existence at any point of time during the operation and also certain jammers show their behavior during very late time. Hence the existing solution may fail to identify such jammers. To avoid the problem faced in this existing solution, in this paper we propose and develop an energy efficient detection mechanism which identify trigger nodes frequently and deter these jamming attacks. Simulation results are included to validate the performance of this framework.
Automatic Tag cloud Realization of web search results using Incremental Clustering By Directions Algorithm

This paper concerns a subject oriented clustering algorithm for clustering the web search results obtained from web search engines. The algorithm is designed to create a list of words which serve as suggestions for users of search engines to modify their current search query. When a user executes a query, the algorithm shows potential directions in which the search can be continued. In this algorithm, the computational complexity of selecting different subjects is reduced by interpreting the set of all web page representations and their distances between them as a complete weighted graph. An incremental clustering approach has been proposed which avoids the process of reclustering the web pages. A list of suggested words or the clusters is presented to the user in the form of a tag cloud in which terms are arranged in a radial manner to increase the relevancy of search process.
Prevalence of PTSD, Depression, and Anxiety Among Orphaned Children in the Gaza Strip

This study aimed to find the prevalence rate of PTSD, anxiety and depression among orphaned children in Gaza Strip. The study sample consisted of 81 orphaned children from Al-Amal Institute for Orphans. We used descriptive, analytical, and for data collection we used sociodemographic sheet; Revised Child Post Traumatic Disorder Index, The Revised Children’s Manifest Anxiety Scale, and Birleson Depression Self-Rating Scale for Children (BDSRS). The minimum age was 9 years and the maximum age was 18 years, Mean = 13.34 years. The mean post-traumatic stress disorder was 35.79, intrusion symptoms was 19.77, avoidance symptoms was 14.30 and mean arousal symptoms was 13.65, 55.6% of orphaned children showed moderate and 34.6% showed severe PTSD. Girls reported significantly more PTSD, avoidance, and arousal symptoms than boys. A child living in a city had more PTSD than those children live in a camp or a village. The study showed that 67.9% showed depression. Depression was more in children from north Gaza had more depression than those coming from the other four areas of the Gaza Strip. The results showed that 30.9% of children rated as anxiety cases. Children 13 15 years old had more anxiety than those younger and older age than them and children coming from north Gaza had more anxiety than those coming from the other four areas of the Gaza Strip. The result showed that there was positive correlation with statistical significance between depression and anxiety, intrusion, and avoidance. While total depression was negatively correlated with arousal symptoms of PTSD. Anxiety was negatively correlated with PTSD and avoidance symptoms of PTSD. Clinical Implications: The study concluded that orphaned children have a considerable level of PTSD, anxiety and depression, which raised the need for more attention from governmental and Non-governmental institutions towards finding therapeutic programs for the orphans to enable them to live and be functional and productive in the future.
Data Mining with Improved and Efficient Mechanism in Clustering Analysis and Decision Tree as a Hybrid Approach

-In this research, we are using clustering and decision tree methods to mine the data by using hybrid algorithms K-MEANS, SOM and HAC algorithms from clustering and CHAID and C4.5 algorithms from decision tree and it can produce the better results than the traditional algorithms. It also performs the comparative study of these algorithms to obtain high accuracy. Clustering method will use for make the clusters of similar groups to extract the easily features or properties and decision tree method will use for choose to decide the optimal decision to extract the valuable information.This comparison is able to find clusters in large high dimensional spaces efficiently. It is suitable for clustering in the full dimensional space as well as in subspaces. Experiments on both synthetic data and real-life data show that the technique is effective and also scales well for large high dimensional datasets.
Combining content based and collaborative filter in an online musical guide

— The explosive growth of web content makes obtaining useful data difficult, and hence demands effective filtering solutions. Collaborative filtering combines the informed opinions of humans to make personalized, accurate predictions. Content-based filtering uses the speed of computers to make complete, fast predictions. In this work, we present a recommendation approach that combines the coverage and speed of content-filters with the depth of collaborative filtering. We apply our research approach to an online musical guide an as yet untapped opportunity for filters, useful to the wide-spread music populace. We present the design of our filtering system and describe the results from preliminary experiments that suggest merits to our approach
Thermal and exergy analysis of the use of the lens in parabolic trough.: use of the lens in parabolic trough

The aim of current study, is looking for a new way to increase the efficiency of the solar collector parabolic trough analytical and experimentally. To do a collector through is produced and equiped with 23 lenses located above the absorber tube in a row. The use of the lens increase the efficiency of Parabolic trough collector up to 14 percent. The system analysed theorically and evaluates by first and second law of thermodynamics. For the estimation of solar radiation the two methods of maximum probability and Prescott's angstrom methods is used, and compared with the data of the pyrometer device (radiation gauge). By the statistical criteria, the Angstrom method is more accurate compared to the maximum probability. Various components of heat transfer is analyzed through the system evolution versus time. The results show that the maximum exergy efficiency of the system was about 52 percent. As well the use of lens enhance the exergy efficiency of the system.
A Systems View of Waddington’s Genetic Assimilation

Are environmentally induced or acquired traits passed on to future generations? Does inheritance of acquired traits play any role in shaping the evolution of organisms? Waddington’s work on genetic assimilation [1] provided one of the first experimental proofs for the theory of acquired inheritance. Since then, many have tried to explore the possible implications genetic assimilation might have as an alternate evolutionary theory.
Feel-good tourism: An ethical option for socially-conscious Westerners?

Public awareness on how tourism contributes to the economic, cultural, and environmental demise of the global South has increased in recent years. Consequently, many socially-conscious people from the “first world” or global North have come to regard conventional tourism as a gratuitous and crass form of exploitation and are opting for more socially responsible alternatives. This paper brings together critical studies on ethical tourism with critical race, postcolonial and feminist theories to examine one example of “alternative,” socially responsible tourism. Drawing upon narrative data collected through in-depth interviews conducted with five women who participated on a “Reality Tour”, this article considers some of the ways in which racialized relations of power might be disrupted or reproduced through this type of socially responsible tourism. Specifically, it focuses on some of the experiences and perspectives of people who have participated in it to examine its affective and meaning-making dimensions. With a focus on the North/South racialized relations of power that these tours give rise to, this article also raises some broad ethical questions related to socially responsible tourism with the objective of engaging a larger debate about the paradoxes of using tourism as a means toward social justice. 1 Creative Commons licence: Attribution-Noncommercial-No Derivative Works ACME: An International E-Journal for Critical Geographies, 2011, 10 (3), 372-391 373
Performance Analysis of 2  n MIMO Systems in Rayleigh Channels with Maximum Likelihood Equalization Scheme

— Channel equalizers are used to reduce the ISI arising from the delay spread or band limitation of the channel by adjusting the pulse shape so that it does not interfere with the neighbouring pulses. Equalization is a million intensive functions in cellular phone receivers. Channel equalization was first used in echo cancellation in telephone networks. The Maximum Likelihood equalizer achieves a much better performance where it determines the sequence of symbols that has most likely been transmitted and it is much similar to the decoding of Convolutional codes. In this paper the performance analysis of 2  n MIMO Systems in Rayleigh Fading Channels with Maximum Likelihood Equalization Scheme is carried out.
Performance Analysis and Simulation of AODV, DSR and TORA Routing Protocols in MANETs

— Mobile ad hoc network (MANET) is an autonomous system of mobile nodes connected by wireless links. Each node operates as an end system and also as a router to forward packets. The nodes are free to move about and organize themselves into a network. These nodes change position frequently. They can be studied formally as graphs in which the set of edges varies in time. The main method for evaluating the performance of MANETs is simulation. In this paper work an attempt has been made to compare the performance of three on-demand routing protocols for MANETs:- Ad hoc On Demand Distance Vector (AODV), Dynamic Source Routing (DSR) protocols, and Temporally Ordered Routing Algorithm (TORA) with respect to the three performance metrics: average End-to-End delay, throughput and packet delivery ratio. The performance differentials are analyzed using varying number of nodes. These simulations are carried out using the ns-2 network simulator. The results presented in this work illustrate the importance in carefully evaluating and implementing routing protocols in an adhoc environment.
DIGITAL MODULATION AND ENCODING APPROACH USING TAPSK AND MULTILEVEL NON ‐ COHERENT BLOCK CODES

Non ‐ coherent detection provides simple receiver architecturethen coherent detectors becauseit does not require carrier phase tracking. Also since non ‐ coherent detectors works differently than coherent it facilitates the application of multilevel non ‐ coherent blockcoding which provides an effective error correcting capacity at higher coding efficiency. The further insight on Non ‐ coherent system shows that the coding efficiency can be further improved by increasing the minimum non ‐ coherent distance between the modulations symbols. This results the development of new modulation technique derived from MPSK and named as TAPSK (Twisted Amplitude Phase Shift Keying). The TAPSK may provide higher coding efficiency then traditional techniques for similar error correcting capacity when configured properly for specific block size and multilevel block codes. This paper presents the simulation and analysis of TAPSK with multilevel non ‐ coherent blockcodes (NBC) for development of efficient digital communication technique. Finally the simulation result shows that properly designed TAPSK configured with multilevel non ‐ coherent blockcodes (NBC) can achieve much better coding efficiency.
Power Quality Improvement in Electrical Distribution Network

The introduction of Distributed Generation (DG) in a distribution system offers several benefits to utilities, customers and society. However, the integration of these sources into the networks can cause some challenges regarding their expected impacts on the security and the dynamic behaviour of the entire network. This paper presents the Modified Particle Swarm Optimization algorithm (MPSOA) to determine the optimal location and size of Distributed Generation and Capacitor banks to maximizing the power quality by reducing the line losses and increasing the voltage stability of the various buses. The adaptive feature of Swarm particles in search space at each iteration is employed to determine the particles’ exploration and exploitation capacity at successive iterations. This guaranteed convergence at global optimum rather than the local minimum. The proposed algorithm was developed and implemented on Matlab software with performance analysis using standard IEEE 33-bus radial distribution system. The results show a better improvement when the network was reconfigured with both DG and capacitor banks.
Logo Detection and Recognition Using Artificial Neural Network

- Logo detection and recognition are important for brand advertising, and it discovers either improper or non-authorized use of logos. It is a difficult task to match because noise and unclear image greatly complicate the task. To solve this problem, Scale Invariant Feature Transform (SIFT) is used. In the proposed system, Artificial Neural Network (ANN) is used along with SIFT to provide both accuracy and performance. SIFT can robustly identify partial occlusion and illumination changes of the logo. The ANN is used in the training phase in order to classify the logo. In pre-processing stages, noise removal and image enhancement are applied to deliver an image with optimal quality and clarity. The image features are extracted from reference logo and input logo. Further Context extraction is done to get the logo parameter and transform the logo into binary representation. The genuine logo is identified by matching the input logo and trained logo.
Abstract—Willingness to communicate (WTC) is one of the affective factors influencing success in second and foreign language learning. This present study explores the possible relationship between WTC and English language learning motivation of secondary school students from National Secondary Schoo

Willingness to communicate (WTC) is one of the affective factors influencing success in second and foreign language learning. This present study explores the possible relationship between WTC and English language learning motivation of secondary school students from National Secondary Schools (NSS) and Chinese Independent Schools (CIS) in Malaysia. Cluster sampling method was used. A questionnaire containing Gardner’s Attitude/ Motivation Test Battery (AMTB) [1] and McCroskey and Richmond’s WTC scale [2] was distributed to 100 students in NSS and 170 students in CIS located in northern region of Malaysia. The findings indicated a significant relationship between WTC and motivation. There was no significant relationship between students from national and Chinese independent schools in terms of WTC but a significant relationship between students in both schools with regard to motivation was observed. To conclude, stakeholders and teachers can consider employing new or modifying old methods to ensure the teaching of English to secondary Malaysian Chinese students can be made more effective. Keywords—Willingness to communicate (WTC); motivation; Attitude/ Motivation Test Battery (AMTB); Chinese secondary school students; Generation Y or Z.
A Convergent Version of Maximum SINR Algorithm for MIMO Interference Channel

: The problem of designing linear transmits signaling strategies for the multiple inputs, multiple output (MIMO) interference channel is considered. One of the first algorithms inspired by Interference alignment (IA) is Minimum Leakage Algorithm (Min Leakage Algorithm) for the MIMO Interference Channel. Iterative algorithm, Max SINR, was proposed in [5] that gives better sum rate performance. The Max SINR algorithm starts with arbitrary transmits beam forming vectors and then designs receivers to optimize the signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratio (SINR) at each receiver. Next, the algorithm alternates the direction of communication and repeatedly optimizes the SINR at each receiver. This algorithm outperforms the other algorithms mentioned before, but there is no proof that it actually converges. Modified Max SINR is the modified version of Max SINR in which the sum rate converges. Modified Max SINR follows the same basic principle as Max SINR with two key differences. First, Modified Max SINR uses the sum stream metric as a convergence criterion. Second, Modified Max SINR changes the powers for each stream when it reverses the direction of communication to achieve SINR duality. Computing Power Allocation to Achieve SINR Duality: In order to achieve SINR duality Algorithm need to compute the appropriate power allocation every time change the direction of communication using a distributed power control algorithm. This algorithm monotonically increases the sum stream and therefore converges.
Focal Myonecrosis Effects in Turkey Muscle Tissue

Modem turkeys, like swine, have been subjected to intense genetic selection for ‘rapid lean muscle growth. Because selection has been based on only a few traits that are primarily of economic importance, little attention has been paid to the functional muscle physiology. Selection to achieve maximal growth performance may partially be responsible for increased incidence of such conditions as leg weakness and edema, deep pactoral myopathy (DPM) and focal myopathy (FM) (Cherel et al., 1992; Siller, 1985; Sosnicki et al., 1989; Sosnicki and Wilson, 1991; Swatland; 1990). There is also evidence that the occurrence of pale, soft, exudative or PSE-like breast (Pectoralis major) muscle and alterations in the texture, cohesiveness and juiciness of processed turkey breast meat are related to size of the birds, stressful preslaughter handling conditions, and onset of rigor morris (Addis, 1986; Gray, 1989; Froning et al., 1978; Ma and Addis. 1973; Sante et al., 1991; Swatland. 1990; Van Hoof, 1979; Van Hoof and Dezeure-Wallays, 1980). PSE-like turkey breast meat was not considered a problem, even though many years ago it was noticed that pH decline in the pectoralis muscle is faster in most turkeys than in the most severely PSE porcine muscle (MaandAddis, 1973). Only recently, when processed turkey meat became one of the fastest growing products of the food industry, has PSE-like turkey breast meat become a concern. This paper focuses on abnormalities of skeletal muscle in domestic turkeys and their relationship to meat quality.
Enhancing Key Management Process in Wireless Sensor Network

—This paper shows the certificateless key management protocol for secure communication in wireless sensor network. This paper proposes a certificateless-effective key management (CL-EKM) protocol for secure communication in dynamic WSNs characterized by node mobility. The CL-EKM supports efficient key updates when a node leaves or joins a cluster and ensures forward and backward key secrecy. Many cluster-based wireless sensor network routing protocols have been proposed. However, most of them take little consideration on communication protection, which is important to ensure the network security. The CL-EKM supports efficient key updates when a node leaves or joins a cluster and ensures forward and backward key secrecy. wireless sensor systems (WSNs) have been conveyed for a wide assortment of utilizations, including military detecting and following, tolerant status observing, activity stream checking, where tactile gadgets regularly move between distinctive areas. Securing information and interchanges requires suitable encryption
Cuckoo Search Algorithm for Speech Recognition

: Cuckoo search is one of the recent optimization algorithms in the league of nature based algorithm whose results are better than the PSO and ACO optimization algorithms. This paper is based on Cuckoo Search or Cuckoo Algorithm. Cuckoo Search (CS) is heuristic search algorithm which is inspired by the reproduction strategy of cuckoos. Cuckoo search algorithm via Lévy flights by Xin-She Yang and Saush Deb for optimizing a nonlinear function uses generation of random numbers with symmetric Lévy distribution obtained by Mantegna’s algorithm. The applications of Cuckoo includes optimizing weights of neural networks, parameters of Support vector machines and Radial basis function, job scheduling, finding optimal cluster head in wireless sensor networks, finding shortest path and clustering and is aimed to understand the breeding behaviour of the cuckoo bird. In this research, it is applied in the field of Speaker Recognition systems and voice. Thus by applying this algorithm, the process of Speaker Recognition is optimized by a fitness function by matching of voices being done on only the extracted optimized features produced by the Cuckoo Search algorithm.