Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Prevalence of Hypertension and Diastolic Dysfunction in Patients

ackground: left ventricular diastolic dysfunction is common in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus, but their prognostic importance in these patients remains unknown. Aim of this study is to detect the association of hypertension and diastolic dysfunction (LVDD) with normal ejection fraction in type-2 diabetes mellitus. Method: A cross-sectional study of 164 diabetic patients visit diabetic clinic in marjan teaching hospital (76 females and 88 males) from January 2007 to February 2008 were enrolled in this study. Their ages ranged from 35 to 65 years with mean age of 55 years. The inclusion criteria were: diabetes mellitus type 2, hypertension (BP ≥ 140/90 mmHg) with or without medication, body mass index 30, and waist-hip ratio > 0.90. In those patients we do blood sugar, HbA1C, lipid profile, ECG, CXR & ECHO to detect Left Ventricular Diastolic Dysfunction (LVDD). Result: Out of 164 patients, 80(48.7%) were found to be hypertensive (both systolic and diastolic) and 9 patients (5.3%) were found to be suffering from isolated systolic hypertension. Hence, total number of hypertensive patients was 89 (54%). Twenty five out of 164 patients were found to be suffering from diastolic dysfunction with normal ejection fraction. Conclusion: Hypertension and Diabetes are interlinked and show how micro and macrovascular complications of diabetes are increased when two conditions occur together. The LVDD is much more prevalent than previously suggested in patients with type-2 diabetes mellitus. Hence, LVDD is an early marker of diabetic cardiomyopathy. ةصلاخلا ةلضعل يطاسبنلاا لطعلا و مدلا طغض عافترا نيب ةقلاعلا ديدحتل يه ةساردلا هذه نم ةيمهلأا نإ يركسلا ءاد عم ىرسيلا بلقلا يناثلا عونلا نم . ةسارد تمت ثيح 164 يناثلا نوناآ رهش نم لباب يف يركسلا زآرم نم ضيرم 2007 طابش ىلإ 2008 ، مدلا طغض يف عافترا مهيدل نمم يناثلا عونلاب نيباصملا ىضرملا ءلاؤه رايتخا مت ثيح ، مسجلا ةلتآ رشؤم ةدايز ) نم رثآأ 30 ( ةبسن و كرولا ىلإ رصخلا ) نم رثآأ 0,9 . ( ىضرملا صحف للاخ نم ىرسيلا بلقلا ةلضعل يطاسبنلاا لطعلا ةسارد تمت وكي لااب . نم 164 يطاسبنلاا عم يضابقنلاا مدلا طغض عافتراب باصم ضيرم نونامث دجو ضيرم ، نيباصم ىضرم ةعست و طقف يطاسبنلاا طغضلا عافتراب . لصا نم ضيرم نورشع و ةسمخ 164 آ ةبسنب و يطاسبنلاا بلقلا ةلضع لطعب نيباصم اونا 15,2 % ىضرملا عومجم نم . رطاخم ةدايز ىلإ يدؤت ضيرملا سفن يف مدلا طغض عافترا عم يناثلا عونلا نم يركسلا ءاد عامتجا نإ ةساردلا هذه نم جتنتست نييارشلا بلصت عم تاطلاتخلااب ةباصلإا . ا بلقلا ةلضع لطع نأ ىلإ ةفاضلإاب اذه ةملاع وه يركسلا ءادل قفارملا يطاسبنلا يركسلا ءاد ببسب بلقلا ةلضع للاتعلا ةركبم و ةمهم .
DDDT_A_218606 4215..4223

Ali Nemati 1 Reza AlipanahMoghadam 1 Leila Molazadeh Abbas Naghizadeh Baghi 2 1Ardabil University of Medical Sciences, School of Medicine, Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Ardabil, Iran; 2University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, Department of Exercise and Physiology, Ardabil, Iran Background: Glutamine is the most abundant amino acid in plasma and skeletal muscles and an important fuel for immune system cells. It has beneficial anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties which may be considered as a potentially useful supplement for athletes. The present study was conducted to investigate the effect of glutamine supplementation on oxidative stress and matrix metalloproteinase 2 and 9 after exhaustive exercise in young healthy males. Materials and methods: In this study, 30 healthy males (supplement =15 and control=15) were randomly assigned into two groups. The supplement group received 0.3 g/kg BW of glutamine along with 25 gr of sugar dissolved in 250 cc water per day. The control group received 25 gr of sugar in 250 cc water per day. Fasting blood samples were taken at baseline and at the end of 14 days of intervention. The participants underwent exercise until experiencing fullbody exhaustive fatigue for 16 ± 2.84 mins, and then fasting blood samples were taken. Serum levels of TAC, MDA, MMP2, MMP9, glutathione, and hs-CRP were measured. Results: Serum levels of MDA and hs-CRP significantly decreased in the supplement group (p< 0.05). The serum level of TAC significantly increased in the supplement group (p< 0.05). Glutathione serum levels significantly increased after exhaustive exercise (p< 0.05). Serum levels of MMP2 and MMP9 remained unchanged. Conclusion: Results of this study showed that, some biochemical factors are timedependent and can increase or decrease over time, as well as, serum levels of hs-CRP and MDA decreased with glutamine supplementation along with the increase in the TAC serum levels, but this supplementation had no effect on serum levels of MMP2 and MMP9 in exhaustive exercise.
The influence of curcumin on the programme cell death in rat hippocampus after status epilepticus

Objective:To investigate the influence of curcumin on the programme cell death in rat hippocampus after status epilepticus(SE). Method:90 Sprague-Dawley(SD) rats were randomly enrolled into the control group(n=30), SE group(n=30) or curcumin treated group. The lithium-pilocarpine induced SE was used as the SE model. The programme death cells in CA1 and CA3 were detected dynamically by TUNEL.Result:No TUNEL positive cell was observed in the control group. The number of TUNEL positive cells, presenting mainly in CA1 and CA3, increased 6 hours after SE(P0.01)and reached a peak 24 hours after SE, then got a little degression(P0.01) for both SE group and curcumin treated group. However, the numbers of TUNEL positive cells in curcumin treated group were notably fewer than those in SE group at the time point of 6h? 24h? 72h after SE, respectively(P0.01). Conclusion:The curcumin can prevent hippocampal neurons from programme cell death after SE.
Studies on curriculum in higher education: a systematic review (0033)

The term ‘curriculum’ refers to many kinds of issues, from practical course planning to the global and ideological perspectives behind education. The concepts of syllabus, product, process and praxis are frequently used when the nature of curriculum is discussed in theoretical texts (e.g. Kelly, 2009; Grundy, 1987). In the syllabus approach to curriculum, the focus is placed on the content/body of knowledge that one wishes to transmit or the list of subjects to be taught, or both (Kelly, 2009). Curriculum as a product emphasizes education as a technical exercise: objectives are set, a plan is drawn up and applied, and the outcomes are measured (Tyler, 1949). More recently, curriculum has been approached as an interactive process. This includes the idea of the written curriculum as a negotiated artefact, its implementation in teaching-learning processes, and the student’s autobiographical experience and learning engagement (cf. Pinar et al., 1995; Stenhouse, 1975). Curriculum as praxis is a development of the process approach, with an emphasis on informed, committed and emancipatory action (Grundy, 1987). It requires a constant evaluation of what is valuable, what needs to be changed and why, and develops through a dynamic interaction between action and reflection. As such, the ways of understanding the idea of curriculum in relation to HE reflect the kinds of knowledge, dispositions, learning conceptions and qualities that are revered in this field. Besides this, curriculum is linked to the institutional or societal power relations that reflect a certain historical context.
Error Mitigation Techniques for Robust Memory Structures: From Device to Architecture

With technological scaling of CMOS logic circuits and increased usage of magnetic tunnel junction (MTJ) cells, mitigating errors caused by energetic particle radiation is a progressively important aspect of hardware design. Some techniques used to increase robustness include fault masking coverage techniques, ECC (error-correcting code), and a diverse array of hardware designs intended to increase fault tolerance. In this particular string-handling assembly project a hardcoded string within memory is searched for a number of occurrences of a second, user-entered string. This second string is stored within a memory buffer upon entry, and an integer value is returned post-search. The best–case energy consumption for this implementation is 0.302 nJ through the use of a rad-hard MRAM latch for a single bit-cell read operation, shown in Table II. Keywords—fault masking, particle radiation, spin-transfer torque random access memory (STT-RAM), spintronics, complementary metal-oxide semiconductor (CMOS), magnetic tunnel junction (MTJ), ECC (error-correcting code), fault-tolerant NV latch (FTNV-L), rad-hard MRAM latch, triple modular redundancy (TMR).
Determination of bioactive compounds from the hexane extract of ipomoea pes- caprae (l) r. Br by GC-MS analysis

The bioactive compounds of the hexane extracts of Ipomoea pes-caprae (L.) R. Br stem and leaf were investigated using Perkin-Elmer Gas Chromatography – Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS), while the mass spectra of the compounds found in the extract was matched with the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) library. Twenty compounds were identified from the stem and leaf of I. pes-caprae respectively. GC-MS analysis of hexane extract of stem of I. pes-caprae revealed the presence of β-sitosterol (21.28%), (6E, 10E)-3,7,11,15-Tetramethyl – 1,6,10,15,19,23-Hexamethyl-1,6,10,14,18,22-tetracosahexaen – 3 –ol (7.73%), Lanosterol (5.93), Stigmasterol (5.54%) and Geranylgeraniol (4.35%), while the leaf of I. pescaprae revealed the existence of γ-sitosterol (20.35%), 2, 6, 10, 15, 19, 23 – Hexamethyl-1, 6, 10,14,18,22tetracosahexaen-3-ol (12.84%), Hexatriacontane (6.71%), Lanosterol (6.12%), α-Amyrin (5.07%), Stigmasterol (5.05%), Vitamin E (4.86%) and Campesterol (3.72%). Index Terms Ipomoea Pes-caprae, GC-MS, Convolvulaceae, Medicinal plant.
S7 Airway Pathological Phenotypes and their Clinical Utility in Adult Asthma

Background Airway remodelling and cellular inflammation are well recognised pathological features of asthma. However the relationship between asthma phenotype, treatment intensity and pathology is poorly understood. Objectives We performed a study of common pathological features in adult asthmatic bronchial biopsies to identify (i) whether discrete ‘pathological phenotypes/subtypes’ exist and (ii) their clinical utility. Methods 202 patients (142 asthma and 60 healthy volunteers) were recruited. Patients underwent bronchoscopy and endobronchial biopsy. Bronchial biopsies were evaluated for eleven common features of asthma pathology. Standard biostatistical analyses including a range of cluster analyses and machine learning were applied to pathological features alone to evaluate our objectives. Results Three distinct immunopathological clusters were identified and characterised by distinct biopsy features of cellular inflammation and remodelling. Specifically, i) late onset severe eosinophilic asthma [cluster 1] with evidence of reticular basement membrane thickening, increased epithelial area and vascular remodelling, ii) milder late onset asthma [cluster 2] with few features of remodelling and iii), an early onset atopic eosinophilic asthma [cluster 3] with features of Th2 high asthma, increased airway smooth muscle (ASM) mass, increased mast cells within the ASM and a mixed granulocytic submucosal inflammation. Pre bronchodilator FEV1 and decline (in a subset) differed across the clusters. Pathological features did not add value to the clinical prediction of asthma. Conclusion We have identified three novel pathological clusters of asthma with differing features of airway remodelling, cellular inflammation and airway function. Asthma may be characterised by variable pathological phenotypes warranting further evaluation in larger population studies.
bisexual , and heterosexual siblings Discrepancies in income and education in three US samples

In his. recent bo~k. The Pecking Order: Which Siblings Succeed and Why, Conley (2004) examm~s how. slbh~gs . can start out on an equal footing in their family yet grow up to dIffer wIdely m mcome, occupational status, and education. VVe too have been interested in siblings, and our focus has been on the ways in which lesbians gay men, and bi:exu~ls. (LGBs)compare with heterosexuals. Whereas mostJewish pe~ple have}ewish slblmgs and most Asian Americans have siblings who are also ASIan Amencan, what is intriguing about LGBs is that they often have siblings who are h~terosexual. ~rue, some LGBs are only children or have siblings who are all lesbIan, gay, or bIsexual as well, but it is easy to find plenty of LGBs with heterosexual siblings. This provides a naturally-occurring comparison within families. Most people are the same general age as their siblings, and also the same :ace a~d et~nicity. They were raised in the same religious tradition. Despite the mcr.easmg dIvorce rate and concomitant "blended families," most siblings grew up m the same household and attended the same schools, at least for a while. The p~rent(s) or other adults who took care of them had a particular income, educa~o~allevel: and occupation, so that siblings, especially if close in age, came from slffil1ar soclOeconomic backgrounds. But now in adulthood one of those siblings identifies as LGB and one as heterosexual: How did thi; come about? W? at o~er factors are different (or similar) among siblings who differ in sexual onentatlOn? Our focus for the present volume will be on income, educational level, and, where possible, occupational status (for a review of other variables see Rothblum et al., 2? 05). This is an innovative and useful methodology. T~ our ~o.wledge, only DIbble and her colleagues (Dibble et al., in press) have used t~e slblmg method for studying LGB discrimination; in their case to examine dIfferences between lesbians and their heterosexual sisters on breast cancer. Some re~earc~ers have used identical twins to study familial aggregration of sexual onentatlOn (e.g. Bailey et al., 2000), but the prevalence of identical twins in the general population is so low that this method has some serious drawbacks. Income and education among LGBs 63
Effects of Nitrogen Atoms on Mechanical Properties of Graphene by Molecular Dynamics Simulations

We investigated the mechanical properties of nitrogen-containing graphene under tensile loading via molecular dynamics (MD) simulations. In the MD simulation, we used three types of potential functions: the second-generation reactive empirical bond order (REBO) potential for covalent C–C bonds, the Tersoff potential for covalent C–N bonds, and the Lennard–Jones potential for the interlayer interaction of graphite. We studied the effects of nitrogen content and different distributions of nitrogen atoms in graphene on its properties. It was found that nitrogen content of up to 4% had little effect on the mechanical properties of graphene, except when two nitrogen atoms contained in graphene adjoined each other.
Assessment Of Spanlastic Vesicles Of Zolmitriptan For Treating Migraine In Rats

Objective: To develop and evaluate zolmitriptan spanlastics (Zol SLs) as a brain-targeted antimigraine delivery system. Spanlastics (SLs) prepared using span 60: tween 80 (70:30%, respectively) gave the highest percentage of entrapment ef ﬁ ciency (EE%). Materials and methods: A total of 60 adult male Wistar albino rats were divided into six groups(n=10rats/group). Group1(Control)comprisedratsservingasanegativecontrol.Group2 was treatedwith glyceryl trinitrate (NTG) and served as thepositive control. Groups 3 (NTG+Zol com), Group 4 (NTG+Zol sol) and Group 5 (NTG+Zol SLs) received commercial zolmitriptan orally, zolmitriptan solution intranasally and Zol SLs F5 intranasally, respectively, 30 min before NTG. Group 6 (Zol SLs) comprised normal rats that received only Zol SLs intranasally. Results: We found decreased T max , increased C max , AUC 0 – 6 , AUC 0 – ∞ and ameliorated behaviour in rats (head scratching) treated with intranasal SLs compared to oral commercial zolmitriptan. Conclusion: Our study substantiates the enhanced ef ﬁ cacy of Zol SLs in brain targeting for migraine treatment.
Study of inventory decisions and coordination of supply chain with multiple risk preference retailers under stochastic demand

A supply chain with a risk neutral supplier and multiple risk preference retailers is studied. It is assumed that the market demand is random and each retailer’s demand is directly proportional to its ordering quantity. The mean CVaR criterion is used to describe the retailers’ attitudes towards risk. In the retailers symmetric, the monotonicity of the total balance order quantity of the system about retailers’ number and risk preference coefficient is obtained. It is proved that when the risk appetite coefficient meets certain conditions, the wholesale contract can coordinate the supply chain, and the larger stochastic demand leads to higher total balance order quantity of the system. The numerical example is given to illustrate the influence of demand variability on the total balance order quantity of the system.
Investigating changes in unintended pregnancies before and after the changes in the family planning policies in Iran: A multivariate decomposition analysis

Background: Unintended pregnancy is a global public health problem that has adverse health, economic, and social consequences for families and societies. This study aimed to measure levels of and analyze changes in unintended pregnancies before and after the changes in the family planning policies in Iran. Methods: Data were extracted from Iran's Demographic and Health Surveys in 2000, 2010, and 2015. The study population consisted of married pregnant women aged 15-49 years. In this study, the data of 112 400, 29 609, and 32 264 households and 4976, 1123, and 900 married pregnant women in 2000, 2010 and 2015, respectively, were used. Logistic regression model was applied to estimate effect of the study explanatory variables on unintended pregnancy in each year, and contribution of different factors to the changes in unintended pregnancies was investigated using multivariate decomposition method. All the study analyses were performed using the Stata software, with the statistical significance level of 0.05. Results: The rate of unintended pregnancies decreased by 13% in 2000-2010 and by 1.3% in 2010-2015. Changes in women's likelihood of experiencing unintended pregnancy positively contributed to unintended pregnancy reduction in 2000-2010 and 2010- 2015; however, the change patterns were different. Changes in the distribution of women's characteristics had positive and negative contributions in 2000-10 and 2010-15, respectively. An increase in pregnant women's parity was the main factor with counteracting effect on unintended pregnancy reduction in 2010-2015. Conclusion: Unintended pregnancies decreased among Iranian married women over the study years, but its reduction was slowed down after the changes in the family planning policies. Policy actions in health and other socioeconomic sectors aiming to encourage nulliparous women to become pregnant and help nulliparous women, women with the parity of more than 2, and women in the middle and late reproductive ages to reduce their risk of unintended pregnancy, can accelerate the trend of unintended pregnancy reduction in the future.
DEVELOPING A FRAMEWORK OF SUSTAINABLE RAIL PERFORMANCE MEASUREMENT: IN REFERENCE TO THE EGYPTIAN RAILWAYS

Over the years, different terms were developed such as multimodal transport, combined transport and co-modality. These terms refer to integration between different modes of transport. The target is to achieve a more efficient use of the transport system. In the transport sector, railways are recognised as an environmentally friendly transport mode with a significant potential for sustainable development. Hence, the railway industry is facing potential growth. Setting a sustainable strategy and identifying how a sustainable rail Programme can be developed are the main purposes in this paper. This paper aims to examine the current state of sustainability efforts within the Egyptian railways, to identify the opportunities for enhancing the sustainable operations and to develop a sustainable rail strategy. of the Egyptian railways need to be able to visualize and map out the rail industry sustainable strategy, and benchmark their sustainability efforts with other rail networks.
EFFECT OF E-PROCUREMENT PRACTICES ON EFFICIENCY FRONTIER OF KAKAMEGA COUNTY GOVERNMENT

Globally; e-procurement has gained popularity especially with the advent of technology. In Kenya, organizations are adopting e-procurement to efficiently obtain resources. Previous studies have not focused on eprocurement as a means to harnessing the available resources and, its relationship with efficiency frontier. It is for this reason that this study sought to establish effect of eordering on efficiency frontier of Kakamega County government in Kenya. The study was based on innovation diffusion theory and resource based view theory and adopted correlational survey design. The study population comprised all the 104 staff of the county government involved with the procurement function obtained through census and data collected using structured and semi structured questionnaire as well as interview schedule. Validity and reliability of questionnaire was tested on pilot data targeting 14 respondents where a Cronbach alpha of 0763 was obtained. Descriptive statistics was applied to analyze quantitative data. Major findings were that, the availability of websites to facilitate e-procurement within the County Government of Kakamega was low and this might affect their efficiency in procurement. In addition, placing orders for supplies online within the County Government of Kakamega was done to a low extent. There was also less availability and reduced application of e-procurement platform and practices in e-ordering within the County Government of Kakamega and this ultimately affects their efficiency in performance of the procurement function. The study recommends that procurement departments in county governments should adopt a user-friendly information system that all suppliers can use with ease be they tech savvy or the old suppliers. This will reduce the bias on the use of electronic procurement and all will embrace it on procurement staff competencies.
Viral Marketing Consumer Purchase Intentions: a Theoretical Review

The advent of electronic communication has transformed the nature of modern marketing communication and purchase intentions as a consequence of far reaching changes to society and lifestyles. Viral marketing has captured the attention of academics seeing to better understand its potential. A very competitive market, and demand for successful campaigning requires a strategy and expertise in persuasion. Some knowledge of unsolicited messaging is also necessary along with an awareness of the dangers of reduced purchase intentions. Sustainable marketing strategies require an understanding of new developments which to increasingly attract and retain consumers. Developments in email, online reviews, social media, blogs and online forums are relevant here. On the other hand, viral marketing is seen as an increasingly crucial method of influencing consumer purchasing to grow sales. Despite the best efforts of viral marketing to influence purchase intentions, a number of challenges make it a difficult proposition. Scholars have studied the influence of viral marketing on specific social media platforms, yet limited theoretical insights exists to gain a full appreciate of the factors which influence consumer purchase intentions. Therefore, this study aims to extend multidimensional elements of viral marketing’s insight to accentuate theoretical concepts with implications for the practical optimization of viral marketing as a strategy to influence consumer purchase intentions. The social constructivist philosophical position of this research makes it possible to better understood the influence of viral marketing on consumer purchase intentions in the context of fashion industry.