Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Identification of a novel mitotic phosphorylation motif associated with protein localization to the mitotic apparatus

The chromosomal passenger complex (CPC) is a crucial regulator of chromosome, cytoskeleton and membrane dynamics during mitosis. Here, using liquid chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry (LC-MS), we identified phosphopeptides and phosphoprotein complexes recognized by a phosphorylation-specific antibody that labels the CPC. A mitotic phosphorylation motif {PX[G/T/S][L/M]S(P) P or WGLS(P) P} was identified by MS in 11 proteins, including FZR1 (Cdh1) and RIC8A–two proteins with potential links to the CPC. Phosphoprotein complexes contained the known CPC components INCENP, Aurora-B (Aurkb) and TD-60 (Rcc2, RCC1-like), as well as SMAD2, 14-3-3 proteins, PP2A and Cdk1 (Cdc2a), a probable kinase for this motif. Protein sequence analysis identified phosphorylation motifs in additional proteins, including SMAD2, PLK3 and INCENP. Mitotic SMAD2 and PLK3 phosphorylation was confirmed using phosphorylation-specific antibodies, and, in the case of Plk3, phosphorylation correlated with its localization to the mitotic apparatus and the midbody. A mutagenesis approach was used to show that INCENP phosphorylation is required for its localization to the midbody. These results provide evidence for a shared phosphorylation event that regulates localization of crucial proteins during mitosis.
Skeletal matrices, muci, and the origin of invertebrate calcification.

The sudden appearance of calcified skeletons among many different invertebrate taxa at the Precambrian-Cambrian transition may have required minor reorganization of preexisting secretory functions. In particular, features of the skeletal organic matrix responsible for regulating crystal growth by inhibition may be derived from mucous epithelial excretions. The latter would have prevented spontaneous calcium carbonate overcrusting of soft tissues exposed to the highly supersaturated Late Proterozoic ocean [Knoll, A. H. , Fairchild, I. J. & Swett, K. (1993) Palaios 8, 512-525], a putative function for which we propose the term "anticalcification. " We tested this hypothesis by comparing the serological properties of skeletal water-soluble matrices and mucous excretions of three invertebrates--the scleractinian coral Galaxea fascicularis and the bivalve molluscs Mytilus edulis and Mercenaria mercenaria. Crossreactivities recorded between muci and skeletal water-soluble matrices suggest that these different secretory products have a high degree of homology. Furthermore, freshly extracted muci of Mytilus were found to inhibit calcium carbonate precipitation in solution.
Cognitive Disorders in Acute Stroke: Prevalence and Clinical Determinants

Background: Although cognitive impairment early after stroke is a powerful predictor of long-term functional dependence and dementia, little is known about the characteristics and determinants of cognitive dysfunction in acute stroke. Methods: We administered a neuropsychological examination covering 7 cognitive domains to 190 patients within 3 weeks after a first stroke. We also assembled lesion characteristics, clinical factors at admission, demographic characteristics and vascular risk factors. Multivariate logistic regression adjusted for age, gender and education was performed to examine determinants of acute cognitive impairment. Results:Overall, 74% of patients with a cortical stroke, 46% with a subcortical stroke and 43% with an infratentorial stroke demonstrated acute cognitive impairment.Disorders in executive functioning (39%) and visual perception/construction (38%) were the most common. The prevalence and severity of deficits in executive functioning, language, verbal memory and abstract reasoning was more pronounced following left compared to right cortical stroke (all p < 0.05). Intracerebral haemorrhage (OR = 5.6; 95% CI = 1.2–25.4) and cortical involvement of the stroke (OR = 3.6; 95%, CI = 1.3–9.9) were independent determinants of acute cognitive impairment, whereas premorbid moderate alcohol consumption exerted a protective effect (OR = 0.4; 95% CI = 0.1–1.1). Conclusions:Cognitive impairment is common in the first weeks after stroke, with executive and perceptual disorders being the most frequent. Intracerebral haemorrhage, cortical involvement of the lesion and premorbid moderate alcohol consumption are independently associated with acute cognitive impairment.
Plasma pentraxin-3 levels in patients with Takayasu's arteritis during routine follow-up.

OBJECTIVES To date, no biomarker is universally accepted to be a surrogate for active disease being one of major difficulties in follow-up of Takayasu's arteritis (TAK). In this study, we aimed to investigate plasma pentraxin-3 (PTX-3) levels and its correlation with activity in patients with TAK. METHODS This cross-sectional study included 94 patients (age: 43.3±13.6 years, F/M: 80/14) with TAK, 40 age-sex matched control donors (age: 41.5±9.3 years, F/M: 28/12). TAK patients were evaluated by physician's global assessment (PGA; active/inactive), as well as with the activity definition by Kerr et al. and with a new composite index of ITAS2010 (Indian Takayasu Clinical Activity Score). Plasma PTX-3 levels are measured with an enzyme linked immunosorbent assay kit. RESULTS Thirty-three (35.5%) patients were clinically active with PGA, while 25 (31.6%) patients and 28 (31.8%) patients were accepted to have active disease according to Kerr activity criteria and ITAS2010, respectively. Plasma PTX-3 levels were significantly higher in TAK patients compared to healthy controls (3.5±2.5 ng/ml vs. 2.5±1.6 ng/ ml, p=0.029). However, PTX-3 levels were similar among active and inactive patients according to all three assessment tools. PTX-3 levels significantly correlated only with serum CRP levels. CONCLUSIONS Although plasma PTX- 3 levels were higher in patients with TAK compared to healthy controls, we observed no association with disease activity, limiting the role of PTX-3 level as a biomarker for active disease in TAK.
Good results for early treatment of clinically isolated syndrome prior to multiple sclerosis with interferon beta-1b and glatiramer group

The first sign of developing multiple sclerosis is a clinically isolated syndrome that resembles a multiple sclerosis relapse. Objective/methods: The objective was to review the clinical trials of two medicines in clinically isolated syndromes (interferon β and glatiramer acetate) to determine whether they prevent progression to definite multiple sclerosis. In the BENEFIT trial, after 2 years, 45% of subjects in the placebo group developed clinically definite multiple sclerosis; the rate was lower in the interferon β-1b group. All subjects were then offered interferon β-1b, and the original interferon β-1b group became the early-treatment group and the placebo group became the delayed-treatment group. After 5 years, the number of subjects with clinical definite multiple sclerosis remained lower in the early-treatment than in the late-treatment group. In the PreCISe trial, after 2 years, the time for 25% of the subjects to convert to definite multiple sclerosis was prolonged in the glatiramer group. Interferon β-1b and glatiramer acetate slow the progression of clinically isolated syndromes to definite multiple sclerosis. However, it is not known whether this early treatment slows the progression to the physical disabilities experienced in multiple sclerosis.
Insecticide Susceptible/Resistance Status in Aedes (Stegomyia) aegypti and Aedes (Stegomyia) albopictus (Diptera: Culicidae) in Thailand During 2003–2005

Abstract Susceptibility baselines and diagnostic doses of the technical grade insecticides deltamethrin, permethrin, fenitrothion, and propoxur were established based on Aedes aegypti (L.), Bora (French Polynesia), a reference susceptible strain. Field-collected Aedes mosquitoes from each part of Thailand were subjected to bioassay for their susceptibility to the diagnostic doses of each insecticide. Almost all Ae. aegypti collected were incipient resistant or resistant to deltamethrin and permethrin, except those from some areas of Songkhla (southern) and Phan district of Chiang Rai (northern) province. Susceptibility to fenitrothion was found in mosquitoes from Bangkok (central), Chonburi (eastern), Chiang Rai, Kanchanaburi (western), and Songkhla, whereas they were resistant in almost all areas of Nakhon Sawan (north central) and Nakhon Ratchasima (northeastern) provinces. Most of Ae. aegypti were susceptible to propoxur except those from Mae Wong, Nakhon Sawan province. Various levels of insecticide resistance and susceptibility in adjacent areas revealed a focal susceptible/resistance profile in the country. It could be noted that almost all of Ae. albopictus were susceptible to the insecticides tested at the same diagnostic doses. In conclusion, resistance to pyrethroids (permethrin and deltamethrin) has developed in Ae. aegypti in most of the collected areas, suggesting that an alternative choice of insecticide or other control measures should be applied.
Nanomechanotransduction and Interphase Nuclear Organization influence on genomic control

The ability of cells to alter their genomic regulation in response to mechanical conditioning or through changes in morphology and the organization of the interphase nuclei are key questions in cell biology. Here, two nanotopographies have been used as a model surfaces to change cell morphology in order to investigate spatial genomic changes within the nuclei of fibroblasts. Initially, centromeres for chromosome pairs were labeled and the average distance on different substrates calculated. Further to this, Affymetrix whole genome GeneChips® were used to rank genomic changes in response to topography and plot the whereabouts on the chromosomes these changes were occurring. It was seen that as cell spreading was changed, so were the positions along the chromosomes that gene regulations were being observed. We hypothesize that as changes in cell and thus nuclear morphology occur, that this may alter the probability of transcription through opening or closing areas of the chromosomes to transcription factors. J. Cell. Biochem. 102: 1234–1244, 2007. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
A Robust QRS Detection Method based on Adaptive Thresholding and Particle Swarm Optimization

Electrocardiogram (ECG) monitoring is developing fast and automatic analysis of ECG attracts increasing interest. This paper presents a novel QRS detection algorithm based on adaptive thresholding and particle swarm optimization. Two adaptive thresholds are used to check the amplitude and the RR interval respectively, and they are determined in a fully parameterized form where all parameters are automatically learned through particle swarm optimization, further reducing the manual intervention. A simple and effective preprocessing technique based on the slope information is also developed for the enhancement of QRS complexes. The method was evaluated on MITDB (MIT-BIH Arrhythmia Database), NSTDB (MIT-BIH Noise Stress Test Database) and TELE (Telehealth Database), and the sensitivity and positive predictivity are 99.62%/99.49%, 93.64%/87.66%, and 78.55%/91.17% respectively, suggesting the robustness and effectiveness of our method.
Preferred Exertion Across Three Common Modes of Exercise Training

The use of self-selected intensities of exercise may increase adherence to exercise programs by allowing the participant more freedom to choose activities that are enjoyable. However, self-selected intensities may vary across exercise modes, and participants may not choose an intensity that is adequate to produce health benefits. The purpose of this study was to determine influence of exercise mode on self-selected exercise intensities. Eighteen subjects (12 men and 6 women) between the ages of 18 and 25 participated in this study. Preferred intensity tests were performed for 3 modes of exercise (treadmill, cycle ergometer, and stairstepper). Vo2 values were obtained continuously and 1-minute averages were recorded at minutes 5, 10, 15, and 20 for each submaximal test. Comparisons were made using a repeated-measures analysis of variance (mode, time, mode χ time). Scheffe's F test was used to test simple effects. There was a significant increase in the relative Vo2 for all 3 modes of exercise across the 20-minute trials (p = 0.0001). Relative Vo2 (%Vo2peak) increased from 52.20 to 64.71% for cycle exercise, 43.27 to 63.25% for the treadmill, and 47.16 to 61.17% for stairstepping. The average relative Vo2 for the cycle ergometer (60.40 ± 15.55%) was significantly higher (p = 0.02) than both the treadmill (53.65 ± 18.36%) and stairstepper (54.66 ± 11.98%). Relative heart rate (HR) (%HRR) for the stairstepper (80.21 ± 9.67%) and the cycle ergometer (80.03 ± 10.59%) were significantly higher than the treadmill (74.77 ± 13.13%) (P = 0.0003). There were no significant differences in rating of perceived exertion (RPE) among the 3 modes of exercise. Similar RPE values were reported for the stairstepper (12.79 ± 2.97), cycle ergometer (12.57 ± 2.90), and the treadmill (12.50 ± 2.87). The results indicate that subjects allowed to choose exercise intensity by self-selection chose work rates that were within the moderate range of American College of Sports Medicine guidelines of 50–85% Vo2max for treadmill, cycle ergometer, and stairstepping xercise.
Sentimental Style Transfer in Text with Multigenerative Variational Auto-Encoder

Style transfer is an emerging trend in the fields of deep learning’s applications, especially in images and audio data this is proven very useful and sometimes the results are astonishing. Gradually styles of textual data are also being changed in many novel works. This paper focuses on the transfer of the sentimental vibe of a sentence. Given a positive clause, the negative version of that clause or sentence is generated keeping the context same. The opposite is also done with negative sentences. Previously this was a very tough job because the go-to techniques for such tasks such as Recurrent Neural Networks(RNNs) [1] and Long Short-Term Memories(LSTMs) [2] can’t perform well with it. But since newer technologies like Generative Adversarial Network(GAN) and Variational AutoEncoder(VAE) are emerging, this work seem to become more and more possible and effective. In this paper, Multi-Genarative Variational Auto-Encoder is employed to transfer sentiment values. Inspite of working with a small dataset, this model proves to be promising.
Hyaluronic acid modified pH-sensitive liposomes for targeted intracellular delivery of doxorubicin

Abstract Context: Surface-modified pH-sensitive liposomal system may be useful for intracellular delivery of chemotherapeutics. Objective: Achieving site-specific targeting with over-expressed hyaluronic acid (HA) receptors along with using pH sensitive liposome carrier for intracellular drug delivery was the aim of this study. Materials and methods: Stealth HA-targeted pH-sensitive liposomes (SL-pH-HA) were developed and evaluated to achieve effective intracellular delivery of doxorubicin (DOX) vis–a-vis enhanced antitumor activity. Results: The in vitro release studies demonstrated that the release of DOX from SL-pH-HA was pH-dependent, i.e. faster at mildly acidic pH ∼5, compared to physiological pH ∼7.4. SLpH-HA was evaluated for their cytotoxicity potential on CD44 receptor expressing MCF-7 cells. The half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) of SL-pH-HA and SL-HA were about 1.9 and 2.5 μM, respectively, after 48 h of incubation. The quantitative uptake study revealed higher localization of targeted liposomes in the receptor positive cells, which was further confirmed by fluorescent microscopy. The antitumor efficacy of the DOX-loaded HA-targeted pH-sensitive liposomes was also verified in a tumor xenograft mouse model. Discussion: DOX was efficiently delivered to the tumor site by active targeting via HA and CD44 receptor interaction. The major side-effect of conventional DOX formulation, i.e. cardiotoxicity was also estimated by measuring serum enzyme levels of LDH and CPK and found to be minimized with developed formulation. Overall, HA targeted pH-sensitive liposomes were significantly more potent than the non-targeted liposomes in cells expressing high levels of CD44. Conclusion: Results strongly implies the promise of such liposomal system as an intracellular drug delivery carrier developed for potential anticancer treatment.
Prevalence of High and Low Level Mupirocin Resistance among Staphylococcal Isolates from Skin Infection in a Tertiary Care Hospital.

BACKGROUND Mupirocin has been used for the treatment of skin infections and for the eradication of the nasal carriage of Methicillin -resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). The increased use of this antibiotic has been accompanied by its resistance, resulting in treatment failures. OBJECTIVE This study was aimed at determining the prevalences of low and high level Mupirocin resistance among the clinical isolates of Staphylococcus species which were obtained from pyogenic infections. MATERIAL AND METHOD Clinical samples such as wound swabs, tissues and pus which were submitted to the microbiology laboratory during a period of six months were screened for the growth of Staphylococcus species, which were identified as Staphylococcus aureus and Coagulase negative Staphylococcus species by the routine microbiological procedures. All the isolates were tested for their Mupirocin susceptibilities by using 5 and 200 μg discs and their resistance was confirmed from their Minimum Inhibitory Concentrations (MICs). RESULT Out of 400 samples, 150 samples grew Staphylococcus species, of which 113 were Staphylococcus aureus and 37 were Coagulase negative Staphylococcus (CoNS). Only 5(3.3%) mupirocin resistant Staphylococcus species: three high level and two low level strains were detected. The MICs for the two low level and three high level Mupirocin resistant strains were 256 mg/L and ≥512mg/L each respectively. CONCLUSION We conclude that the screening for mupirocin resistance, in terms of high-level and low-level resistance among the Staphylococcus species from patients with skin and soft tissue infections is warranted and that it is important for the clinicians in selecting the appropriate, empirical, topical, antimicrobial therapy. It also provides useful information about the prevalence of these resistant pathogens.
Formulation and optimization of celecoxib-loaded PLGA nanoparticles by the Taguchi design and their in vitro cytotoxicity for lung cancer therapy

Abstract The objective of the present study was to develop, evaluate and optimize a polymeric nanoparticle (NP) system containing Cxb for pulmonary delivery of Cxb in the treatment of lung cancer. NPs were prepared by the emulsion solvent diffusion and evaporation method using poly(D, L lactideglycolide) (PLGA). The size of NPs ranged from 153 to 192 nm and was affected by PLGA content, surfactant concentration and organic phase volume. Zeta potential of NPs (−4.5 to −8.6 mV) was more affected by PLGA content and organic phase volume. PLGA content was also the most effective factor on the entrapment efficiency and release rate of Cxb from NPs. The optimum formulation which obtained with 5 mg Cxb, 25 mg PLGA, 0.5% surfactant, 2.5% organic volume and 15 000 rpm showed release of Cxb within 30 h. The optimized formulation co-spray dried with lactose (hybrid microparticles) displayed desirable fine particle fraction, mass medium aerodynamic diameter, geometric standard deviation of 70.3%, 1.46% and 3.38%, respectively. Our results provide evidence for the potential of PLGA NPs for delivery of Cxb through inhalation as means to alleviate the cardiovascular risk of Cxb administration.
White and gray matter damage in primary progressive MS

Objective: The temporal relationship between white matter (WM) and gray matter (GM) damage in vivo in early primary progressive multiple sclerosis (PPMS) was investigated testing 2 hypotheses: (1) WM tract abnormalities predict subsequent changes in the connected cortex (“primary WM damage model”); and (2) cortical abnormalities predict later changes in connected WM tracts (“primary GM damage model”). Methods: Forty-seven patients with early PPMS and 18 healthy controls had conventional and magnetization transfer imaging at baseline; a subgroup of 35 patients repeated the protocol after 2 years. Masks of the corticospinal tracts, genu of the corpus callosum and optic radiations, and of connected cortical regions, were used for extracting the mean magnetization transfer ratio (MTR). Multiple regressions within each of 5 tract-cortex pairs were performed, adjusting for the dependent variable's baseline MTR; tract lesion load and MTR, spinal cord area, age, and sex were examined for potential confounding. Results: The baseline MTR of most regions was lower in patients than in healthy controls. The tract-cortex pair relationships in the primary WM damage model were significant for the bilateral motor pair and right visual pair, while those in the primary GM damage model were only significant for the right motor pair. Lower lesion MTR at baseline was associated with lower MTR in the same tract normal-appearing WM at 2 years in 3 tracts. Conclusion: These results are consistent with the hypothesis that in early PPMS, cortical damage is for the most part a sequela of normal-appearing WM pathology, which, in turn, is predicted by abnormalities within WM lesions.
The Improvement of Copyright Registration System in China

Copyright registration system is the path of publicity which the obligee has the freedom to choose. The registration institution of copyright includes ow nership registration and transaction registration,both of w hich are based on the principle of public notification and public trust. There is,how ever, a great difference betw een the principle adaptation and the principle of public notification and public trust. By researching the drafts of the third amendment of Copyright Law,w e discover that the legislators pay attention to improving the registration system of copyright. The registration system of copyright should aim at five unifications,namely,the unification of the registration institution,the procedures, the serial number,the certificate and the query system.
Borna Disease Virus Accelerates Inflammation and Disease Associated with Transgenic Expression of Interleukin-12 in the Central Nervous System

ABSTRACT Targeted expression of biologically active interleukin-12 (IL-12) in astrocytes of the central nervous system (CNS) results in spontaneous neuroimmunological disease of aged mice. Borna disease virus (BDV) can readily multiply in the mouse CNS but does not trigger disease in most strains. Here we show that a large percentage of IL-12 transgenic mice developed severe ataxia within 5 to 10 weeks after infection with BDV. By contrast, no disease developed in mock-infected IL-12 transgenic and wild-type mice until 4 months of age. Neurological symptoms were rare in infected wild-type animals, and if they occurred, these were milder and appeared later. Histological analyses showed that the cerebellum of infected IL-12 transgenic mice, which is the brain region with strongest transgene expression, contained large numbers of CD4+ and CD8+ T cells as well as lower numbers of B cells, whereas other parts of the CNS showed only mild infiltration by lymphocytes. The cerebellum of diseased mice further showed severe astrogliosis, calcifications and signs of neurodegeneration. BDV antigen and nucleic acids were present in lower amounts in the inflamed cerebellum of infected transgenic mice than in the noninflamed cerebellum of infected wild-type littermates, suggesting that IL-12 or IL-12-induced cytokines exhibited antiviral activity. We propose that BDV infection accelerates the frequency by which immune cells such as lymphocytes and NK cells enter the CNS and then respond to IL-12 present in the local milieu causing disease. Our results illustrate that infection of the CNS with a virus that is benign in certain hosts can be harmful in such normally disease-resistant hosts if the tissue is unfavorably preconditioned by proinflammatory cytokines.