Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Influence of Drinking Water Containing Lemon Juice

In the subtropical regions, the high ambient temperature is a major concern that adversely influences the physiological status and hence reduces the performance of boiler chickens. It has been demonstrated that heat stress reduces feed intake (FI), body weight gain (BWG), feed efficiency and immunity of broiler chickens (Siegel, 1995; Borges et al. 2003; Lin et al. 2006). Furthermore, it has been found that the plasma concentration of antioxidant vitamins such as vitamin C and E reduced and oxidative damage increased in birds during heat stress condition (Sahin et al. 2002). Several studies have reported that administration of vitamin C alleviates the deleterious effects of heat stress on performance and metabolism of broiler chickens (Kutlu and Forbes, 1993; Sahin et al. 2002; Gursu et al. 2004). In fact, vitamin C is the first line of defense against reactive oxygen species in the body (McDowell, 1989). In birds, it is generally synthesized in kidneys, but its quantity is not enough during heat stress condition since the rate of its usage for scavenging of the free radicals is increased. The ascorbic acid content in lemon (Citrus limon) juice obtained by fruit squeezing is reported to be 54.74 mg/100 mL (Pisoschi et al. 2011). It is reported that addition of lemon juice to drinking This study was conducted to find out the effects of drinking water containing lemon juice and thyme supplemented diet on growth performance, serum concentration of cholesterol and triglycerides, heterophils (H), lymphocytes (L), H/L ratio and enzyme activity of glutathione peroxidase (GPX) in broilers under heat stress condition. The experiment was carried out as a 2 × 3 factorial arrangement with 2 levels of lemon juice (0 and 2 mL/L of drinking water) and 3 levels of thyme (0, 0.5 and 1 % of diet). Each dietary treatment consisted of 4 replicate pens (9 birds/pen). The birds were kept at 34 ̊C ± 2 (9.00 to 17.00) from 25 to 42 d of age. Feed intake (FI), body weight gain (BWG), feed conversion ratio (FCR), H/L ratio and GPX activity and serum cholesterol concentration were not affected (P>0.05) by individual addition of lemon juice or thyme; whereas, combination effect of the two additives improved performance and reduced H/L ratio and serum triglycerides concentration (P≤0.05). Concurrent usage of 0.5 thyme and 2 mL/L of lemon juice increased FI and BWG by 229 and 165 g, respectively. Addition of 0.5 and 1% thyme to the diet and 2 mL/L lemon juice to drinking water reduced the serum triglycerides concentration by 9.8, 11.1 and 8.5 mg/dL, respectively (P≤0.05). It is concluded that the concurrent administration of 0.5% of thyme to diet and 2 mL/L lemon juice to drinking water provides a potential protective management strategy in preventing heat-stress-related reduction in the performance of broiler chickens.
The Role of Exopolysaccharides in Adhesion of Freshwater Bacteria

SUMMARY: Cultures of two strains of freshwater bacterial isolates adhered readily to inert glass surfaces exposed in the growth medium. The process of microbial film formation could be followed by a new staining technique based on congo red, a dye specific for carbohydrate material. In conjunction with a chemical assay for total carbohydrate, the association of extracellular polysaccharides with attached cells was demonstrated. Under optimal growth conditions, the involvement of exopolysaccharide in the adhesion process appeared to follow the initial attachment of bacterial cells, leading to the formation of microcolonies enmeshed in polysaccharides. A non-polysaccharide-producing mutant attached to glass slides in numbers similar to the wild-type bacteria, but did not form microcolonies. Growth conditions such as glucose or Ca2+ limitation which affected polysaccharide synthesis in the wild-type prevented microcolony formation, but not cell attachment. It is proposed that exopolysaccharide production is involved in the development of the surface films, but possibly not in the initial adhesion-process. In those strains which do produce polysaccharide, the cells which attach develop into microcolonies.
Pipeline-Aware QC-IRA-LDPC Code and Efficient Decoder Architecture

본 논문은 PIPELINE-AWARE QC-IRA-LDPC (PA-QC-IRA-LDPC) 코드 생성 방법과 Rate-1/2 (2016,1008) PA-QC-IRA-LDPC 코드에 대한 효율적인 고속 복호기 구조를 제안한다. 제안한 방법은 비트 오류율 (BER) 성능 저하 없이 파이프라인 기법을 사용하여 임계경로를 나눌 수 있다. 또한 제안한 복호기 구조는 데이터 처리량, 하드웨어 효율 및 에너지 효율을 크게 향상시킬 수 있다. 제안한 복호기 구조는 90-nm CMOS 기술을 사용하여 합성 및 레이아웃이 수행되었으며, 이전에 보고된 복호기 구조들에 비해서 하드웨어 효율성이 53%이상 향상되었고, 훨씬 좋은 에너지 효율성을 보여준다.
Factors of the development of international e-commerce under the conditions of globalization

The article discusses the theoretical foundations of the development of global e-commerce in the processes of globalization. The analysis of the definition of the concept of e-commerce, identified its varieties. The authors investigated the main trends that have developed in the e-commerce market, and provide statistical indicators. In addition, the factors that influence the process of development and distribution of e-commerce in the world are identified. Also highlighted the main problems that do not allow the process of distribution of e-commerce technology to develop the maximum rate.
Arabidopsis SYT 1 Maintains Stability of Cortical ER Networks and 1 VAP 27-1-Enriched ERPM Contact Sites

39 Arabidopsis synaptotagmin 1 (SYT1) is localized on the endoplasmic reticulum40 plasma membrane (ER-PM) contact sites in leaf and root cells. The ER-PM 41 localization of Arabidopsis SYT1 resembles that of the extended synaptotagmins (E42 SYTs) in animal cells. In mammals, E-SYTs have been shown to regulate calcium 43 signaling, lipid transfer, and endocytosis. Arabidopsis SYT1 was reported to be 44 essential for maintaining cell integrity and virus movement. This study provides 45 detailed insight into the subcellular localization of SYT1 and VAP27-1, another ER46 PM tethering protein. SYT1 and VAP27-1 were shown to be localized on distinct ER47 PM contact sites. The VAP27-1-enriched ER-PM contact sites (V-EPCSs) were 48 always in contact with the SYT1-enriched ER-PM contact sites (S-EPCSs). The V49 EPCSs still existed in the leaf epidermal cells of SYT1 null mutant; however, they 50 were less stable than that in the wild type. The polygonal networks of cortical ER 51 disassembled and the mobility of VAP27-1 protein on the ER-PM contact sites 52 increased in leaf cells of SYT1 null mutant. These results suggest that SYT1 is 53 responsible for stabilizing ER network and V-EPCSs. 54 55
Packet Features Extractor for Network Security Systems: Design and Implementation

—The Network Systems (NS) depend essentially on the packet features (header fields and payload) in their work that include packet analyses and filtering. Routers, bridges and network security systems need to extract the features of the packet to do their jobs for that the Packet Features Extractor (PFE) is one of the most important parts in the on-line NS and it is the absent step that through it the off-line NS can be developed to on-line systems. In this paper, a PFE is designed to develop an off-line Intrusion Detection System (IDS) to be an on-line system. The designing was based on extract 12 NSL-KDD features from the packet. The 12 features are the same features that the off-line IDS was designed based on it. The PFE drove the on-line IDS with same result that was the off-line IDS giving it with average detection rate 94.9%. The PFE with the new on-line IDS are implemented on Real Time Operation System (RTOS) that was created for this issue. The implementation of the system gave a high performance results and throughput reached 100Mbps that limited by the Network Interface Card (NIC) and it is thought that it can be over that if a gigabit NIC is used. It is surely that the throughput is limited by the NIC but not by the system performance. Four models are implemented and the results show that the average of the throughput saturated with convergence values for the four deferent models that simpler than the PFE and the values reach the end of the NIC limit which about 100Mbps. The system task (PFE over TCP communication) take about (0.65 micro sec) as average Task Execution Time (TET). In the rest of the paper, a study for the NSL-features reduction is produced.
APOGEE strings: a fossil record of the gas kinematic structure

We compare APOGEE radial velocities (RVs) of young stars in the Orion A cloud with CO line gas emission and find a correlation between the two at large scales in agreement with previous studies. However, at smaller scales we find evidence for the presence of a substructure in the stellar velocity field. Using a friends-of-friends approach we identify 37 stellar groups with almost identical RVs. These groups are not randomly distributed, but form elongated chains or strings of stars with five or more members with low velocity dispersion across lengths of 1−1.5 pc. The similarity between the kinematic properties of the APOGEE strings and the internal velocity field of the chains of dense cores and fibers recently identified in the dense interstellar medium is striking and suggests that for most of the Orion A cloud, young stars keep memory of the parental gas substructure where they originated.
Winter measurements of oceanic biogeochemical parameters in the Rockall Trough (2009-2012)

Abstract. This paper describes the sampling and analysis of biogeochemical parameters collected in the Rockall Trough in January/February of 2009, 2010, 2011 and 2012. Sampling was carried out along two transects, one southern and one northern transect each year. Samples for dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC) and total alkalinity (TA) were taken alongside salinity, dissolved oxygen and dissolved inorganic nutrients (total-oxidized nitrogen, nitrite, phosphate and silicate) to describe the chemical signatures of the various water masses in the region. These were taken at regular intervals through the water column. The data are available on the CDIAC database, http://cdiac.ornl. gov/ftp/oceans/Rockall_Trough/ .
Managing a threatened savanna ecosystem (KwaZulu-Natal Sandstone Sourveld) in an urban biodiversity hotspot: Durban, South Africa

Background: The city of Durban in the province of KwaZulu-Natal (KZN), South Africa, falls within a global biodiversity hotspot. KwaZulu-Natal Sandstone Sourveld (KZNSS) is a savanna vegetation type endemic to KZN. KZNSS is endangered; about 90% has been totally modified and 0.1% of the original extent is adequately protected. In response, eThekwini Municipality, Durban’s local government authority, has developed approaches to improve the conservation status of KZNSS and other biodiversity. Objectives: To describe eThekwini Municipality’s work in contributing to securing and managing KZNSS and other biodiversity. This information will contribute to an increased understanding of local government’s role in biodiversity conservation and should be relevant to other local governments as well. Method: Statistics from the municipality’s GIS database and work done and insights gained over about 30 years are presented. Results: By 2012, about 54% of Durban’s original vegetation was transformed and a further 17% was highly degraded. Combined efforts have resulted in 3.06% of the eThekwini Municipal Area enjoying some form of legal protection for environmental purposes with proclaimed protected areas covering 0.6% of the municipal area. Nearly 8% of areas identified as environmentally significant by the municipality are managed as appropriate. Conclusion: Increased and coordinated implementation efforts with a focus on priorities are needed from all role players if biodiversity is to be adequately conserved in Durban. Local government in South Africa can be an important contributor in biodiversity conservation, especially with regard to tools available in terms of its local planning mandate.
Source Solutions for Building IaaS Clouds

Cloud Computing is not only a pool of resources and services offered through the internet, but also a technology solution that allows optimization of resources use, costs minimization and energy consumption reduction. Enterprises moving towards cloud technologies have to choose between public cloud services, such as: Amazon Web Services, Microsoft Cloud and Google Cloud services, or private self built clouds. While the firsts are offered with affordable fees, the others provide more privacy and control. In this context, many open source softwares approach the buiding of private, public or hybrid clouds depending on the users need and on the available capabilities. To choose among the different open source solutions, an analysis is necessary in order to select the most suitable according with the enterprise’s goals and requirements. In this paper, we present a depth study and comparison of five open source frameworks that are gaining more attention recently and growing fast: CloudStack, OpenStack, Eucalyptus, OpenNebula and Nimbus. We present their architectures and discuss different properties, features, useful information and our own insights on these frameworks.
Temporal variation in habitat use, co-occurrence, and risk among generalist predators and a shared prey

Generalist predators typically have broad diets, but their diets may become constrained when one species of prey becomes disproportionately available. Yet there is poor understanding regarding whether generalist predators exhibit stereotypic relationships with pulsed prey resources. We used telemetry data from 959 woodland caribou (Rangifer tarandus caribou (Gmelin, 1788); 146 adult females, 813 calves), 61 coyotes (Canis latrans Say, 1823), and 55 black bears (Ursus americanus Pallas, 1780) to investigate how two generalist predators interacted with caribou neonates on the island of Newfoundland. We examined the similarity of patterns of habitat use between caribou and their predators across time and related this similarity to interspecific spatiotemporal co-occurrence and mortality risk for caribou neonates. The similarity in habitat use between coyotes and caribou mirrored variation in juvenile hazard risk, but had weak association with actual co-occurrence with caribou. Bears and caribou exhibited les.
Mutual Legitimization of verbs and argument projection from lexicon to syntax

Projection of verbs and their arguments from the lexicon into the computational system has to be legitimized both semantically and syntactically. More exactly, we will argue that while verbs syntactically legitimize their arguments thanks to their head status by providing syntactic positions they subcategorize for, arguments semantically legitimize verbs because they refer to entities in the universe. Both arguments are base generated in complement positions of their respective verb copies. Moreover, no such extra positions as Spec positions are projected prior to feature checking ( Chomsky, 1995) at this derivational level. The arguments of the verb will subsequently move to spec positions for the sake of feature checking. As a result, morphological variations such as (morphological) case (nominative vs. accusative) as well as functional relations (subject vs. objects) will reflect the syntactic positions in which the arguments will be in relation with other functional categories such as V and TNS or INFL.
A New Technique for Measuring Human Stress Level

Various formerly implemented methods for stress measurement are initially discussed in the current paper. The most common ways of stress measurement are through checking speech, salivary amylase, oxygen saturation in arteries, skin temperature fluctuations, heartbeat rate, blood pressure, pressure at fingertips, and diversity of other methods. Taking into account the higher precision of diagnostic methods based on measurement of heart rate and fingertip pressure, the current research attempts to design a combined technique for improving the measurement and diagnosis accuracy. Variations in heart rate and fingertip pressure are considered here. As such, direct impact of stress is studied on automatic nervous system and parasympathetic nervous system of body, and subsequently, measurement of the two aforementioned fluctuations are taken into account. On this basis, stress fluctuations generally cause changes in heartbeat frequency per minute. Through examining fingertip pressure in the states of presence and absence of stress, it is revealed that rate of fingertip pressure follows a second-order partial differential equation based on Newton's second law. By recording the respective data and combining and analyzing the two abovementioned techniques, a higher precision in stress measurement was achieved compared to the already proposed methods. For this purpose, heart rate and force converters are merged and accuracy of stress measurement improves from 60% to 78%, which in turn offers a novel growth and transformation in the scope of stress level measurement. (Reza Alipour, Mohammad Reza Iranpour. A New Technique for Measuring Human Stress Level. Life Sci J 2012; 9(3):2639-2646). (ISSN: 1097-8135). http://www.lifesciencesite. com . 384
Authentication of paintings using hidden markov modelling of contourlet coefficients

In this paper we present a method for determining the authenticity of a painting by modelling the contourlet transform of digital photographs of the painting. Specifically, we model the contourlet transform by a hidden Markov model and use these models for classification by various means. We have tested our methods on different artists and the results are promising.
Effects of rotation, site, and clone on the chemical composition of Populus hybrids

Chemical content values were determined for three Populus clones grown on two dissimilar sites by component (wood, bark, and wood/bark specimens), tissue age (1-, 2- and 4-years-old), and rotation. The chemical content values obtained included extractives, holocellulose, alpha-cellulose, and lignin. In general, analysis of the data for the wood, bark, and wood/bark specimens indicated that: 1) wood was high in holocellulose and alpha-cellulose content compared to bark, 2) bark was high in lignin and extractive content values compared to wood, and 3) wood/bark chemical content values were between the values for the wood and bark specimens. The chemical content data were analyzed to identify: 1) significant differences between rotations by component (wood, bark, and wood/bark) for a given age, clone, and site, and 2) significant differences between sites for four-year-old wood, bark and wood/bark specimens of a given rotation, and clone. Statistical analyses indicated that significant differences existed among clones, sites, ages, and rotations. Within the wood, bark and wood/bark specimens, tissue age, rotation, and site influenced the chemical content values more than the parentage. Potential chemical yields derived from the three Populus hybrid clones investigated will depend on component, age, rotation, and site with limited parentage effects.
Export Boom, Employment Bust? The Paradox of Indonesia’s Displaced Workers, 2000–2014

In Indonesia, an export boom and sustained, rapid GDP growth in the decade after 2000 was accompanied by real earnings that were flat on average, and even declining for many workers. Conventional models of growth and trade predict that labor productivity rises as an economy develops; that this should not be observed during a period of high GDP growth is a puzzle that merits careful investigation. In this paper we explore these seemingly paradoxical trends using several waves of a panel of individual employment data. Economic growth is rarely balanced in a sectoral sense, and the nature of the structural change experienced by Indonesia is also strongly associated with lower competitiveness in sectors where formal employment rates are high, causing some degree of involuntary labor movement from formal to informal modes of employment. We explore this econometrically and find that the earnings of workers displaced from formal to informal jobs are significantly lower relative to workers who remain in the formal market. The fact of this displacement, and its implications for individual earnings, undercuts conventional thinking about the welfare gains from a sustained growth experience. Our findings add, perhaps for the first time, a developing-country dimension to the existing job displacement literature. They also shed some light on the causes of Indonesia's unprecedented increase in inequality during the same growth epoch.
Portfolio separation with α-symmetric and psuedo-isotropic distributions Memorandum

The pseudo-isotropic multivariate distributions are shown to satisfy Ross’ stochastic dominance criterion for two-fund monetary separation. The classical case of separation under abence of risk-free investment opportunity, admits a few particular generalizations to k-fund separation for (1 + 1/k)-norm symmetric variables if k is odd.
a 1 b Introduction : Assessment as Mirror

When negotiation teachers assess students, we might casually think that is all we are doing; but of course it is not. In assessing students, we define for them – intentionally or not – what we think is valuable; we downplay what we distrust; we suppress, perhaps unconsciously, what we ourselves don’t understand; and most troubling, we suggest in a larger sense what the negotiation and conflict management field really is, or at least, what we think it will be by the time our students are beyond our control. Assessing students, for all of these reasons, is an act freighted on many levels. If we measure students’ achievements in ways that are uncreative, insufficient, illogical or inconsistent, we betray the aspirations which presumably led us to this field. We also set diminished expectations for the future. Meantime, the aspects of negotiation work that are measured are the aspects presented as worth measuring. The methods that are presented to students as valid are the methods students are implicitly being told to value. Say
Estimation of Genetic Parameter for Quantitative Characters of Pepper ( Capsicum annuum L.)

The research was conducted at Leuwikopo Experimental Field and Plant Breeding Laboratory of IPB, Dramaga, Bogor, West Java, Indonesia from October 2012 to April 2013. Crossing population between C15 and C2 genotype were used to study genetic parameters for quantitative characters in pepper. All the characters were not controlled by maternal effect, except fruit length. Broad-sense heritability were high for plant height, stem diameter, dichotomous height, days to flower, days to harvest; and medium for fruit length and diameter. Narrow-sense heritability was high for stem diameter, dichotomous height, days for flowering; medium for plant height, days to harvest; and low for fruit length and diameter. The ratio of additive variance was high for all the characters, except for fruit length and fruit diameter . Keywords: heritability, heterosis, heterobeltiosis, additive variance, dominant variance