Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Epidemiology of antibiotic resistant Neisseria gonorrhoeae in industrialized and developing countries.

The in vitro susceptibility of Neisseria gonorrhoeae to antimicrobial drugs has been studied currently for around fifty years, and it has been convincingly demonstrated that the results of the in vitro determinations can be used as a guideline for choice of an efficient standard treatment regimen as well as for the choice of therapeutic agent in individual cases. During these past 50 years, the susceptibility of gonococci to antimicrobial drugs has undergone dramatic changes. The genetic background is chromosomal mutations as well as the acquisition of R plasmids. The selective pressure has been exerted both by use (and misuse) of antibiotics in treatment of patients and by factors in the micro-environment of the gonococcus. Review of the current spectrum of antimicrobial susceptibility patterns of N. gonorrhoeae in industrialized and developing countries and a comparison with the changing epidemiology of gonorrhoea, rises the question as to what extent antimicrobial resistance and the choice of treatment regimen influence the spread of gonorrhoea (and other sexually transmitted diseases). In the developed countries, in spite of the access to an optimal antibiotic treatment, the prevalence of gonorrhoea increased significantly in the beginning of the 1970s and remained at a high level until around 1985. Then--within the following subsequent few years--the gonorrhoea rate fell dramatically e.g. in Scandinavia. This fall coincides with the establishment of comprehensive educational programmes for the promotion of changes in sexual lifestyle. It is therefore tempting to conclude that the impact of increasing antimicrobial resistance on the changing epidemiology of gonorrhoea is minor.
Modulation of in vitro rumen biohydrogenation by Cistus ladanifer tannins compared with other tannin sources.

BACKGROUND Tannins are polyphenolic compounds able to modify the ruminal biohydrogenation (BH) of unsaturated fatty acids, but their activity may vary among different tannin sources. The effect of rockrose (Cistus ladanifer) on BH has never been compared with other more common tannin sources. Tannin extracts (100 g kg-1 substrate dry matter) from chestnut (CH), quebracho (QB), grape seed (GS) and rockrose (CL) were incubated in vitro for 6 h with ruminal fluid using as substrate a feed containing 60 g kg-1 of sunflower oil. A control treatment with no added tannins was also included. RESULTS Compared with the control, GS and CL, but not CH and QB, increased (P < 0.05) the disappearance of c9,c12-18:2 with a consequent larger production of c9,t11-18:2 and t11-18:1. However, no differences among treatments (P > 0.05) were observed for the disappearance of c9-18:1 and c9,c12,c15-18:3. The production of 18:0 was not different (P > 0.05) among treatments, although its proportion in the total BH products was lower (P < 0.05) for GS than for the other treatments. CONCLUSION Condensed tannins from GS and, to a lesser extent, from CL stimulate the first steps of BH, without a clear inhibition of 18:0 production. © 2016 Society of Chemical Industry.
Suradnja s roditeljima u predškolskoj ustanovi: analiza pojedinih aspekata

1 Nataša Vlah je diplomirala, magistrirala i doktorirala na Edukacijsko-rehabilitacijskom fakultetu Sveuèilišta u Zagrebu. U svom se trinaestogodišnjem znanstvenom i struènom radu bavila socijalnom integracijom djece i adolescenata s posebnim potrebama. 2 Sanja Tataloviæ Vorkapiæ nositelj je kolegija: Razvojna psihologija, Emocionalna inteligencija, Psihologija ranog uèenja i pouèavanja, Razvojna psihopatologija i Pozitivna psihologija
Robust nonovershooting tracking control for linear multivariable systems

This paper presents a multivariable state feedback tracking control with integral sliding mode which can achieve the output tracking of a reference step signal without any overshoot by rejecting the disturbances. The control designed is able to completely reject the matched-bounded disturbances by using the integral sliding mode technique. The multivariable feedback controller is capable of achieving arbitrarily small rise time without any overshoot for square multivariable system under some mild assumptions. The proposed control is verified using a numerical example of quadruple-tank setup.
Aberrant Methylation and Histone Deacetylation Associated with Silencing of SLC5A8 in Gastric Cancer

Aberrant methylation of a sodium co-transporter, solute carrier family 5 member 8 gene (SLC5A8), has been detected in a subset of colorectal cancers, suggesting SLC5A8 may also serve as a tumor suppressor. To further investigate the role of epigenetic inactivation of SLC5A8 expression in gastric cancer, we determined the methylation status of the SLC5A8 5′ CpG island (CGI) in a panel of gastric cancer cell lines and primary gastric cancers. We detected methylation of the 5′CGI in ten of twelve gastric cancer cell lines, and five of those showed dense methylation, which correlated with the absence of SLC5A8 transcription. Aberrant methylation of SLC5A8 was also detected in 23 of 71 (30%) primary gastric cancers, indicating that epigenetic inactivation of SLC5A8 is not a cell-line-specific phenomenon. SLC5A8 expression was restored in methylated cell lines by treatment with 5-aza-2′-deoxycytidine, a methyltransferase inhibitor. In addition, chromatin immunoprecipitation assays showed that acetylation of histone H3 in the 5′ region of the gene correlated directly with SLC5A8 expression and inversely with DNA methylation. It thus appears that aberrant methylation of its 5′CGI and histone deacetylation play key roles in silencing SLC5A8 expression in gastric cancers.
Differences between women with anorexia nervosa and restrained eaters on shape and weight concerns, self-esteem, and depression.

OBJECTIVE The current study examined the relation among shape and weight concerns, domain-specific self-esteem, dietary restraint, and depression. METHOD Women with anorexia nervosa (AN; n = 19), restrained eaters (n = 20), and unrestrained eaters (n = 21) completed measures of shape and weight concerns, depression, and self-esteem. RESULTS Women with AN had significantly higher shape and weight concerns and lower self-esteem than restrained eaters. However, once depression was controlled, these significant differences disappeared on all but the morality self-esteem subscale. Unrestrained eaters had significantly lower shape and weight concerns and higher self-esteem than restrained participants both before and after depression was controlled. DISCUSSION Shape and weight concerns and low self-esteem are associated with dietary restriction. However, results from the current study suggest these two variables may not be the primary driving forces behind extreme dietary restriction.
Transient Performance Improvement of Microgrid by a Resistive Superconducting Fault Current Limiter

In this paper, a resistive-type superconducting fault current limiter (SFCL) is suggested to improve the transient performance of a microgrid system during a fault. The microgrid is connected to the main network at the point of common coupling, where the resistive-type SFCL is applied. When a short-circuit fault happens at the connecting line, the SFCL can mitigate the fault current, and its action signal will be sent to the master distributed generation (DG) included in the microgrid. Accordingly, the switching between the master DG's two control patterns can be flexibly performed; furthermore the microgrid system is expected to achieve a smooth transition between its grid-connected and islanded modes. Theoretical analysis and a technical discussion are conducted, and the simulation model of a typical microgrid with the SFCL is built in MATLAB. From the demonstrated results, employing the resistive-type SFCL can effectively limit the transient fault current to a lower level, help guarantee the microgrid system's power balance, and enhance its voltage and frequency stability.
Using decision tree and association rules to predict cross selling opportunities

In saturated markets cross selling offers a number of benefits to companies. While these benefits are recognized by mobile telecommunications companies, many have not fully embraced the concept in practice. This paper focuses on the prediction of cross selling opportunities and presents an innovative approach to forecast cross selling opportunities more effectively. The proposed approach combines decision tree and association rule to discover cross selling opportunity of a new service, WAP. The analysis is based on a sample of 969,228 customers selected at random from the data warehouse of a local mobile telecommunications vendor in China Mainland. The results showed that this approach can greatly improve the accuracy rate of forecasting and help telecommunications vendors make cross selling policies effectively.
Efficacy and Effectiveness of Community-Based Treatment of Severe Malnutrition

Background There is a long tradition of community-based rehabilitation for treatment of severe malnutrition: the question is whether it is effective and whether it should be advised for routine health systems. Objective To examine the effectiveness of rehabilitating severely malnourished children in the community in nonemergency situations. Methods A literature search was conducted of community-based rehabilitation programs delivered by day-care nutrition centers, residential nutrition centers, primary health clinics, and domiciliary care with or without provision of food, for the period 1980–2005. Effectiveness was defined as mortality of less than 5% and an average weight gain of at least 5 g/kg/day. Results Thirty-three studies of community-based rehabilitation were examined and summarized. Eleven (33%) programs were considered effective. Of the sub-sample of programs reported since 1995, 8 of 13 (62%) were effective. None of the programs operating within routine health systems without external assistance was effective. Conclusions With careful planning and resources, all four delivery systems can be effective. It is unlikely that a single delivery system would suit all situations worldwide. The choice of a system depends on local factors. High energy intakes (> 150 kcal/kg/day), high protein intakes (4–6 g/kg/day), and provision of micronutrients are essential for success. When done well, rehabilitation at home with family foods is more cost-effective than inpatient care, but the cost effectiveness of ready-to-use therapeutic foods (RUTF) versus family foods has not been studied. Where children have access to a functioning primary health-care system and can be monitored, the rehabilitation phase of treatment of severe malnutrition should take place in the community rather than in the hospital but only if caregivers can make energy- and protein-dense food mixtures or are given RUTF. For routine health services, the cost of RUTF, logistics of procurement and distribution, and sustainability need to be carefully considered.
Nuclear Export Signal and Immunodominant CD8+ T Cell Epitope in Influenza A Virus Matrix Protein 1

Shuai Cao et al. recently identified and characterized a nuclear export signal (NES) in influenza A virus matrix protein 1 (M1) (5). We noticed that the identified NES, ILGFVFTLTV, almost completely overlaps the HLA-A2-restricted CD8 T cell epitope, GILGFVFTL (6), which is considered immunodominant in individuals carrying the HLA-A2 allele (3, 15). Colocalization of the NES and the immunodominant HLAA2-restricted CD8 T cell epitope in M1 explains why escape mutation in this epitope was not found in nature. Escape mutation from CD8 T cell recognition are known for the nucleoprotein of influenza A virus in the context of HLA-B*08, -B*2705, and -B*3501 alleles (4, 11, 13). Considering that the HLA-A*0201 allele or alleles belonging to the HLA-A2 supertype are very common in the human population (more than 40%) (12), it is expected that escape mutation may emerge in the M1 CD8 T cell epitope. However, as Cao et al. pointed out in their paper, the NES in M1 is highly conserved among influenza A subtypes (5). Berkhoff et al. previously showed that mutation at the P2 anchor residue in the M1 epitope (the I residue at position 59) costs viral fitness (1, 2). Now we know that the fitness cost is due to the loss of functional NES in M1. Another implication of the colocalization is that there may be more cases of HLA-A2-restricted CD8 T cell epitopes overlapping with the NES in viral or cellular proteins. Key residues in the NES (ILGFVFTLTV) are also anchor or auxiliary anchor residues (in bold type) in the HLA-A2 binding motif (GILGFVFTL) (10) except for the V at position 68, which is outside of the CD8 T cell epitope. We searched for the HLA-A*0201 binding motif overlapping with the NES mentioned in the paper by Cao et al. (in Table 1 and the text of the article [5]) using the epitope prediction algorithms, HLA Peptide Binding Predictions at BIMAS (http://www -bimas.cit.nih.gov/molbio/hla_bind/) (8) and SYFPEITHI (http: //www.syfpeithi.de/) (9). Among them two NESs were found to overlap with the HLA-A*0201 binding motifs. The NES in the receptor-interacting protein 3 (RIP3), LLCRLLKEVVL (16) with LLCRLLKEV (the BIMAS score is 271.948 and the SYFPEITHI score is 28, while the scores for GILGFVFTL are 550.927 and 30, respectively), and the NES of Nipah virus matrix protein, LLEELCSLKV (14), with DLLEELCSL (the BIMAS score is 55.902, and the SYFPEITHI score is 29). Colocalization of the NES and the HLA-A*0201-restricted epitopes is consistent with recent bioinformatic analysis by Hertz et al. showing that human major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I molecules tend to target conserved regions of human and viral proteins (7).
Silymarin retards collagen accumulation in early and advanced biliary fibrosis secondary to complete bile duct obliteration in rats

Silymarin (SIL), a standardized plant extract containing about 60% polyphenole silibinin, is used as a hepatoprotective agent. Its antifibrotic potential in chronic liver diseases has not been explored. Therefore, we applied SIL to adult Wistar rats that were subjected to complete bile duct occlusion (BDO) by injection of sodium amidotrizoate (Ethibloc). This treatment induces progressive portal fibrosis without significant inflammation. Rats with sham‐operation that received SIL at 50 mg/kg/d (n = 10) and rats with BDO alone (n = 20) served as controls, whereas groups of 20 animals were fed SIL at a dose of 25 and 50 mg/kg/d during weeks 1 through 6 or doses of 50 mg/kg/d during weeks 4 through 6 of BDO. Animals were sacrificed after 6 weeks for determination of blood chemistries, total and relative liver collagen (as hydroxyproline [HYP]), and the serum aminoterminal propeptide of procollagen type III (PIIINP). BDO in untreated rats caused an almost ninefold increase in total liver collagen (16.1 ± 3.1 vs. 1.8 ± 0.4 mg HYP, P < .001). SIL at 50 mg/kg/d reduced total HYP by 30% to 35%, either when given from week 1 through 6 or from week 4 through 6 after BDO (10.6 ± 2.7 and 10.2 ± 3.9 mg HYP, both P < .01 vs. BDO alone), whereas 25 mg/kg/d were ineffective. Because SIL at 50 mg/kg/d also reduced the collagen content per gram of liver tissue, it acted as a true antifibrotic agent. The single value of PIIINP at killing paralleled the antifibrotic activity of SIL with 11.6 ± 3.8 and 9.9 ± 3.7 vs. 15.3 ± 5.2 microg/L in both high‐dose groups (P < .05 and P < .01, respectively, vs. rats with BDO alone). Except for a decreased alkaline phosphatase and a lower histological fibrosis score in the groups that received SIL, clinical‐chemical parameters were not different among all groups with BDO. We therefore conclude that 1) BDO with Ethibloc is a suitable model to test for pure antifibrotic drugs because it induces progressive rat secondary biliary fibrosis without major inflammation; 2) oral SIL can ameliorate hepatic collagen accumulation even in advanced (biliary) fibrosis; and 3) PIIINP appears to be a suitable serum marker to monitor the inhibition of hepatic fibrogenesis in this model of biliary fibrosis.
Copper:caeruloplasmin ratio

Investigation of copper status can be a diagnostic challenge. The non-caeruloplasmin-bound copper (NCC) has deficiencies; accordingly, the copper:caeruloplasmin ratio has been suggested as an alternative index of copper status. A reference interval for this index was derived. In addition to making the interpretation of copper easier, the copper:caeruloplasmin ratio should also enable adjustment for relatively high caeruloplasmin concentrations without recourse to producing gender- and age-derived intervals. The copper:caeruloplasmin ratio has weaknesses similar to those identified for NCC in that immunological methods used for caeruloplasmin can cross react with apocaeruloplasmin and there is no standardised method for caeruloplasmin. Caeruloplasmin assays also have uncertainty from precision, bias and specificity and, accordingly, method-related differences may have a large effect on the copper:caeruloplasmin ratio in a manner similar to the NCC.
Estimating the number of people in crowded scenes

This paper presents a method to estimate the number of people in crowded scenes without using explicit object segmentation or tracking. The proposed method consists of three steps as follows: (1) extracting space-time interest points using eigenvalues of the local spatio-temporal gradient matrix, (2) generating crowd regions based on space-time interest points, and (3) estimating the crowd density based on the multiple regression. In experimental results, the efficiency and robustness of our proposed method are demonstrated by using PETS 2009 dataset.
Language Abilities, Reading Acquisition, and Developmental Dyslexia

The recent series on dyslexia edited by Diane Sawyer (JLD, Vol. 25 Nos. 1 and 2) makes a valuable contribution to the research and clinical literature on this subject. We particularly appreciated the paper/ discussant format of the series, because such discussion helps to both clarify and define the limits of various points of view. In the spirit of the discussion format, we would like to offer our own comments on Sawyer's article (JLD, February 1992), which reported the results of her longitudinal-correlational study of relations between various language skills and the development of reading ability. That study employed a relatively new and powerful methodology that has the potential to contribute important new insights into the development of reading skill (see also Bryant, MacLean, Bradley, & Crossland, 1990; Juel, Griffith, & Gough, 1986). Several characteristics differentiate Sawyer's study from the correlational studies that have characterized much of the past research in this area. First, Sawyer's study is richly theoretical. Although it is not a direct test of alternative theoretical models, her study is nicely embedded in a theoretand Richard K. Wagner
Amphetamine Abuse Related Acute Myocardial Infarction

Amphetamine abuse is a global problem. The cardiotoxic manifestations like acute myocardial infarction (AMI), heart failure, or arrhythmia related to misuse of amphetamine and its synthetic derivatives have been documented but are rather rare. Amphetamine-related AMI is even rarer. We report two cases of men who came to emergency department (ED) with chest pain, palpitation, or seizure and were subsequently found to have myocardial infarction associated with the use of amphetamines. It is crucial that, with increase in amphetamine abuse, clinicians are aware of this potentially dire complication. Patients with low to intermediate risk for coronary artery disease with atypical presentation may benefit from obtaining detailed substance abuse history and urine drug screen if deemed necessary.
Estimate for Shielding-Enclosure Evaluation

A relatively simple, closed-form expression has been developed to estimate the EMI from shielding enclosures due to coupling from interior sources through slots and apertures at enclosure cavity modes. A power-balance method, Bethe’s small-hole theory, and empirically developed formulas for the relation between radiation, and slot length and number of slots, were employed to estimate an upper bound on the radiated EMI from shielding enclosures. Comparisons between measurements and estimated field strengths suitably agree within engineering accuracy.
A 3.2ppm/°C second-order temperature compensated CMOS on-chip oscillator using voltage ratio adjusting technique

A CMOS on-chip oscillator (OCO) for local interconnection network (LIN) bus is presented. The temperature dependence of the output frequency is compensated by the voltage ratio adjusting (VRA) technique. The frequency variation with supply voltage is reduced by a voltage regulator with a wide input range of 1.8 V to 5.0 V. The frequency shift caused by package stress is minimized by resistor placement. Over a temperature range of −40°C to 150°C, the measured temperature coefficients of the output frequency are 3.2ppm/°C without the effect of the package stress and 14.2ppm/°C with that, respectively. The measured frequency variation with supply voltage is within ±0.015%.
LPV State Feedback Control for Flexible Hypersonic Vehicle Longitudinal Dynamics

A nonlinear model for the air-breathing flexible hypersonic vehicle (HSV) is provided giving consideration to the complex interactions between the propulsion system, aerodynamics, and structural dynamics. This nonlinear HSV is then approximated by a set of linear models over a large operating envelop, and a controller is synthesized using Linear Parameter Varying (LPV) techniques. Velocity tracking is simulated using a digital switching algorithm. A least squares optimization is performed on the tracking error state when switching between controllers to minimize the control effort needed by the actuators. The result is that velocity can be successfully tracked for this model over a range from Mach 7 to Mach 9, and an altitude range from 80,000 feet to 90,000 feet.
Influence of the point mutation alpha-1-H101R on the assembly of gamma-aminobutyric acid type A receptors

The point mutation H101R in the &agr;1-subunit of &ggr;-aminobutyric acid type A receptors is known to abolish effects by benzodiazepine diazepam. This mutation and homologous mutations in other &agr;-subunits have been used to quantify receptor pentamers containing two different &agr;-subunit isoforms, and to study the role of &agr;-subunit isoforms in the response of mice to diazepam. Both types of study assumed implicitly or explicitly that this mutation strongly affects assembly with the &ggr;2-subunit. Here, we investigated the assembly properties of mutated in comparison with wild-type subunits, and demonstrate that &agr;1H101R has similar assembly properties as wild-type &agr;1.
Assessing the common authorship of a set of questioned signature images

This paper assesses the common authorship of a set of questioned signature images. Our proposal consists in generating as many models as available questioned signatures. Each model is trained with one questioned signature and artificial duplicates worked out from it. The duplication procedure is based on neurocognitive distortions which are inspired from human writing processes. Once the similarity of each signature is evaluated with each model, a similarity score matrix is calculated. The cohesion of this matrix is used to assess whether all specimens were produced either by the same or by more than one writer.