Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Different Conventional and Soft Computing MPPT Techniques for Solar PV Systems with High Step-Up Boost Converters: A Comprehensive Analysis

Solar photovoltaic (PV) systems are attracting a huge focus in the current energy scenario. Various maximum power point tracking (MPPT) methods are used in solar PV systems in order to achieve maximum power. In this article, a clear analysis of conventional MPPT techniques such as variable step size perturb and observe (VSS-P&O), modified incremental conductance (MIC), fractional open circuit voltage (FOCV) has been carried out. In addition, the soft computing MPPT techniques such as fixed step size radial basis functional algorithm (FSS-RBFA), variable step size radial basis functional algorithm (VSS-RBFA), adaptive fuzzy logic controller (AFLC), particle swarm optimization (PSO), and cuckoo search (CS) MPPT techniques are presented along with their comparative analysis. The comparative analysis is done under static and dynamic irradiation conditions by considering algorithm complexity, tracking speed, oscillations at MPP, and sensing parameters. The single-diode model PV panel and double-diode model PV panel are also compared in terms of fill factor (FF) and maximum power extraction. Clear insight is presented supporting the suitability of MPPT techniques for different types of converter configurations.
The Influence of Bedding Planes and Permeability Coefficient on Fracture Propagation of Horizontal Wells in Stratification Shale Reservoirs

The complexity of hydraulic fractures (HF) significantly affects the success of reservoir reconstruction. The existence of a bedding plane (BP) in shale impacts the extension of a fracture. For shale reservoirs, in order to investigate the interaction mechanisms of HF and BPs under the action of coupled stress-flow, we simulate the processes of hydraulic fracturing under different conditions, such as the stress difference, permeability coefficients, BP angles, BP spacing, and BP mechanical properties using the rock failure process analysis code (RFPA2D-Flow). Simulation results showed that HF spread outward around the borehole, while the permeability coefficient is uniformly distributed at the model without a BP or stress difference. The HF of the formation without a BP presented a pinnate distribution pattern, and the main direction of the extension is affected by both the ground stress and the permeability coefficient. When there is no stress difference in the model, the fracture extends along the direction of the larger permeability coefficient. In this study, the in situ stress has a greater influence on the extension direction of the main fracture when using the model with stress differences of 6 MPa. As the BP angle increases, the propagation of fractures gradually deviates from the BP direction. The initiation pressure and total breakdown pressure of the models at low permeability coefficients are higher than those under high permeability coefficients. In addition, the initiation pressure and total breakdown pressure of the models are also different. The larger the BP spacing, the higher the compressive strength of the BP, and a larger reduction ratio (the ratio of the strength parameters of the BP to the strength parameters of the matrix) leads to a smaller impact of the BP on fracture initiation and propagation. The elastic modulus has no effect on the failure mode of the model. When HF make contact with the BP, they tend to extend along the BP. Under the same in situ stress condition, the presence of a BP makes the morphology of HF more complex during the process of propagation, which makes it easier to achieve the purpose of stimulated reservoir volume (SRV) fracturing and increased production.
Toward “On‐Demand” Materials Synthesis and Scientific Discovery through Intelligent Robots

A Materials Acceleration Operation System (MAOS) is designed, with unique language and compiler architecture. MAOS integrates with virtual reality (VR), collaborative robots, and a reinforcement learning (RL) scheme for autonomous materials synthesis, properties investigations, and self‐optimized quality assurance. After training through VR, MAOS can work independently for labor and intensively reduces the time cost. Under the RL framework, MAOS also inspires the improved nucleation theory, and feedback for the optimal strategy, which can satisfy the demand on both of the CdSe quantum dots (QDs) emission wavelength and size distribution quality. Moreover, it can work well for extensive coverages of inorganic nanomaterials. MAOS frees the experimental researchers out of the tedious labor as well as the extensive exploration of optimal reaction conditions. This work provides a walking example for the “On‐Demand” materials synthesis system, and demonstrates how artificial intelligence technology can reshape traditional materials science research in the future.
Updates in Knee Joint Osteoarthritis

Background: Osteoarthritis (OA) of knee is one of the most common debilitating conditions associated with pain and limitation in daily living activities which negatively affect quality-of-life. It is a disease of the entire joint, involving not only the joint lining but also cartilage, ligaments, and bone. It is characterized by breakdown of the cartilage, bony changes of the joints, deterioration of tendons and ligaments, and various degrees of inflammation of the synovium. Aim of the Work: To discuss the incidence and updates in Pathophysiology of Osteoarthritis (OA) of knee and demonstrate updates in management to solve this problem. Study Design: Narrative review article. Conclusion: The current review revealed that Osteoarthritis (OA) of knee joint has multi mechanism and increases the risk of complications bed redden as such, accounts for burden on economics budget.
The Innovative Improvement through Strengthening Quality of Work Life, Situational Leadership, and Self-Efficacy by Using Scientific Identification Theory of Operation Research in Education Management (SITOREM)

Innovativeness is becoming increasingly important today because the innovation process is believed to be the engine driving the development and growth of educational institutions. However, innovation does not just emerge without the efforts of educational institutions. Educational institutions must adopt proactive behavior with innovation and the creation of new business, and employees must be encouraged to behave entrepreneurially as the foundation of the innovation process. Innovation needs to be based on several preconditions so that the results of innovation have positive implications on the performance of educational institutions (Abbas et al., 2018).
THE ROLE OF DYNAMIC CAPABILITY IN IMPROVING EXPORT COMPANIES’ COMPETITIVENESS AND PERFORMANCE

ABSTRACT Business competition at the international level is an important issue for companies, this is due to various different motives. This study aimed to identify and analyze the level of influence of dynamic capabilities on competitiveness and export performance. This research was conducted on export companies in South Sulawesi, Indonesia. The population in this study were the managers of each company, the sampling technique with sampling census so that the entire population was also a research sample. The main data collection was done by distributing questionnaires to the respondents. Secondary data in the form of export performance reports and other reports from BPS, the Department of Industry and Trade of the South Sulawesi Provincial Government, and PT Pelabuhan Indonesia IV (Persero). The analysis technique in this study deployed the Structural Equation Model. The results of the study shown that increasing dynamic capability had a positive and significant effect on increasing competitiveness in export companies, thus all dimensions in dynamic capability had a strategic contribution to the variable competitiveness. Competitiveness variables had a positive and significant effect on export performance in South Sulawesi. Increasing the competitiveness of export companies had an impact on increasing export performance. Dynamic capability variables had no significant effect on export performance. The originality in this study is the application of export performance models that establish dynamic capabilities as external factors, and then explain the role of dynamic capabilities on export performance through competitiveness. For practitioners, dynamic capability is an external factor which is very important in influencing competitiveness. Therefore export companies should be focus and maximize the role of dynamic capability as a macro factor that encourages increased export performance. Keywords: Dynamic Capability, competitiveness, performance, export, and strategy
A Prospective Follow up of Metabolic Changes among Obese Women using two Different Regimens of Ethinylestradiol/ Drospirenone Containing Contraceptive Pills

This prospective comparative study was conducted at departments of Obstetrics & Gynecology, in Menoufia University hospital, Menoufia governorate, Egypt; between the beginnings of August 2017 and September 2019. Before initiating the study, the local ethical review board approved the study protocol with all included participants signed the informed consent form, after thorough explanation of the study objectives.
Concepts of EFL Reading among Taiwanese College Students of Low Reading Proficiency

This study is an empirical and descriptive exploration of EFL reading concepts held by Taiwanese college students of low reading proficiency. Fifty subjects were selected according to their reading comprehension scores on the Secondary Level English Proficiency Test and were scheduled for interviews. Forty-five subjects took part in the interviews and their responses were tape-recorded, transcribed, and analyzed both qualitatively and quantitatively. The resu,lts indicate that there are certain concepts about EFL reading which are shared by the subjects. Generally they showed little awareness of independent, internally generated repair strategies, tended to process EFL reading at word level in a rather analytical fashion, and mainly viewed EFL reading as a language learning exercise. Several strategies reflecting this restricted view of reading are identified. The paper concludes with a discussion of pedagogical implications. *~~-rli, :9HRMtM~1~~c l~v)-a~A*~1:. iQt, *~RMtM~':--::>V)l c'O)J: -) ~:l! f~ ~1~-? lV) ~ iQ' ~, 'k~iEl¥JiQ'--::>~~:i15.1¥J f':1T-? t-:MJE ~ ffH5T ~ 0 SLEP TestO)~JCMT A Ha :~H. :£--:::iv)l50~0)11U~:1! f~~U-, ::"0)-) t;45~f. :itll-@5JIJ1"/-'7 ~. ;1. -~1T-? t-:o 1 "/ -'7 ~'. ;1. r*. J~IH~if l, {H. :~~:i15.l t-:7'-'7 ~, WB'-J . ::I:I¥JO)jIIJ]ITijiQ' £? 5J'i1f l t-: o ::. 0) *5'*, 1&:~1! fiQ{*~R~JCM f. : --::>V)l, ~~~I¥J~:l! f ~ 11 ~M=-? l v) ~ ::. C iQtsJ.j £? iQ'f': ~ -? t-:o -AXB'-Jf':Ii, 1&:~1! flifsUL lr*. JtE1~ ~ :hJ-:1miE . f~iEA ~ '7 T:;f':--::>V)lo)~~iQ{1W <, UcM~, ~mv«)vO)5J'*B'-J~1t~, ~~f':Hlt~§~R~~**~C~~lV)~o::"O) J: -) f. :, ~JtM ~ ~15E1¥J f':~ ~ ~ ~TiQ{ Je, lI&h~ A ~ '7 T :;'iQ{, v' < --::>iQ'~~ £? ht-:o m:1&f':, ::. O)*5,*~i'~i ~ l, MtM~~"",O)~P~U':--::>V)l:i15. -"Z~o
Epigenetics and Gene Silencing in Transgenic Plants

Gene silencing is defined as regulation of expression gene in a cell to prevent the exposed of a particular gene. Transgenes don’t always same as expected and changing in the expression of transgenes in individual that is not because of difference in copy number. Nowadays, silencing of gene has been a confounding area of research and development course and the mechanism of gene silencing is not yet fully understood. In gene silencing process, a lot of mutations chemistry has been shown in various plant species like Para mutation. Recently the mechanism has become so much apparent that associated with the transgene-mediated silencing.
Isolation and Characterization of Staphylococcus Species from Clinical Samples Obtained from some Hospitals in Kano Metropolis, Nigeria

Staphylococci are group of bacteria frequently isolated as etiologic agents of various infectious diseases with Staphylococcus aureus being the most important human pathogen [1]. S. aureus has long been recognized as one of the most important bacteria that cause disease in humans. It is the leading cause of skin and soft tissue infections such as abscesses (boils), furuncles and cellulitis. Although most Staphylococcal infections are not serious, S. aureus can cause serious infections such as blood stream infections, pneumonia, or bone and joint infections [2]. S. aureus can also cause serious infections such as pneumonia (infection of the lungs) or bacteremia (bloodstream infection), symptoms of these infections include: difficulty breathing, malaise, fever or chills [2]. In addition, two coagulase-negative staphylococcal species, S. epidermidis and S. saprophyticus, are also recognized as important agents of human infections. S. epidermidis is associated with infections of indwelling devices, osteomyelitis, wound infections, peritoneal dialysis catheterassociated peritonitis, and nosocomial bacteremia [3]. S. saprophyticus is recognized primarily as a cause of acute urinary tract infections in young women [4]. Together, these two coagulase-negative species comprise the greater majority of the clinically significant coagulase-negative staphylococci recovered from human specimens [5]. Staphylococcus epidermidis is isolated prevalently from human epithelia and colonizes predominantly the axillae, head, and nares [6]. S. epidermidis belongs to the group of coagulase-negative staphylococci (CoNS), which is discriminated from coagulase-positive Staphylococci, such as S. aureus by its lack of the enzyme coagulase [7].
Disruption of Intracellular Calcium Homeostasis as a Therapeutic Target Against Trypanosoma cruzi

There is no effective cure for Chagas disease, which is caused by infection with the arthropod-borne parasite, Trypanosoma cruzi. In the search for new drugs to treat Chagas disease, potential therapeutic targets have been identified by exploiting the differences between the mechanisms involved in intracellular Ca2+ homeostasis, both in humans and in trypanosomatids. In the trypanosomatid, intracellular Ca2+ regulation requires the concerted action of three intracellular organelles, the endoplasmic reticulum, the single unique mitochondrion, and the acidocalcisomes. The single unique mitochondrion and the acidocalcisomes also play central roles in parasite bioenergetics. At the parasite plasma membrane, a Ca2+-−ATPase (PMCA) with significant differences from its human counterpart is responsible for Ca2+ extrusion; a distinctive sphingosine-activated Ca2+ channel controls Ca2+ entrance to the parasite interior. Several potential anti-trypansosomatid drugs have been demonstrated to modulate one or more of these mechanisms for Ca2+ regulation. The antiarrhythmic agent amiodarone and its derivatives have been shown to exert trypanocidal effects through the disruption of parasite Ca2+ homeostasis. Similarly, the amiodarone-derivative dronedarone disrupts Ca2+ homeostasis in T. cruzi epimastigotes, collapsing the mitochondrial membrane potential (ΔΨm), and inducing a large increase in the intracellular Ca2+ concentration ([Ca2+]i) from this organelle and from the acidocalcisomes in the parasite cytoplasm. The same general mechanism has been demonstrated for SQ109, a new anti-tuberculosis drug with potent trypanocidal effect. Miltefosine similarly induces a large increase in the [Ca2+]i acting on the sphingosine-activated Ca2+ channel, the mitochondrion and acidocalcisomes. These examples, in conjunction with other evidence we review herein, strongly support targeting Ca2+ homeostasis as a strategy against Chagas disease.
A Tissue-Specific Rhythmic Recruitment Pattern of Leukocyte Subsets

The circulating of leukocytes in the vasculature to reach various organs is a crucial step that allows them to perform their function. With a sequence of interaction with the endothelial cells, the leukocytes emigrate from the circulation either by firm attachment to vascular beds or by trafficking into the tissues. Recent findings reveal that the leukocyte recruitment shows time as well as tissue specificity depending on the cell type and homing location. This spatiotemporal distribution of leukocyte subsets is driven by the circadian expression of pro-migratory molecules expressed on the leukocytes and the endothelium. Both the systemic circadian signals and the cell's intrinsic molecule clock contribute to the oscillatory expression of pro-migratory molecules. The rhythmic recruitment of leukocytes plays an important role in the time-dependency of immune responses. It also helps to update blood components and maintain the tissue circadian microenvironment. In this review, we discuss the current knowledge about the mechanisms of the circadian system regulating the leukocyte rhythmic migration, the recruitment pattern of leukocyte subsets into different tissue/organs, and the time-dependent effects behind this process.
Amazon tipping point: Last chance for action

Thomas E. Lovejoy Carlos Nobre Although 2019 was not the worst year for fire or deforestation in the Amazon, it was the year when the extent of fires and deforestation in the region garnered full global attention. This year, the winds brought smoke from the fires into Sao Paulo, so thick that—after encountering moist air blowing from the ocean—the afternoon skies were darkened and street lights had to be lit 3 hours early for the city to continue to function. The rampant winds awoke the Brazilian populace and indeed the world to the harsh reality that the precious Amazon is teetering on the edge of functional destruction and, with it, so are we. For more than 50 years, scientists and policy makers have known unequivocally ( 1 ) that the hydrological cycle of the Amazon depends squarely on the transpiration of the forest’s multitude of leaves and on the evaporation from the complex surfaces of the rain forest. When it rains on the Amazonian forest landscape, at least 75% of the moisture is returned to the westward-moving air mass. The rainforest recycles the moisture five to six times before it turns southward, feeling the proximity of the high wall of the Andes. Over the whole basin, the air rises, cools, and precipitates out close to 20% of the world’s river water in the Amazon river system. The moisture of the Amazon is not confined to the basin …
Treatment of Acute Proximal Anterior Cruciate Ligament Tears—Part 2: The Role of Internal Bracing on Gap Formation and Stabilization of Repair Techniques

Background: The latest biomechanical studies on some form of internal bracing have shown improved stabilization for anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) repair, but gap formation and load-sharing function have not yet been reported. Hypothesis: Internal bracing of an adjustable ACL repair construct provides improved stabilization with reduced gap formation and higher residual loading on the ACL. Study Design: Controlled laboratory study. Methods: Internally braced ACL repair constructs with single– and double–cinch loop (CL) cortical buttons, a knotless suture anchor, and a single-CL cortical button with adjustable loop fixation (CLS-ALD) were tested (n = 20 each) in a porcine model at 4 different loads (n = 5 each) over 4000 cycles at 0.75 Hz (n = 80 total). The CLS-ALD technique allowed for additional preconditioning (10 cycles at 0.5 Hz). Test results of the isolated internal brace groups served as a baseline for comparison. Lastly, specimens were pulled to failure (50 mm/min) with a cut internal brace. Final loading and gap formation on the ACL repair construct as well as ultimate strength were analyzed. Results: A statistical significance for peak loads over peak elongation was found between the CLS-ALD and all other reinforced groups (analysis of covariance, P < .001). Accordingly, the adjustable repair technique showed improved load-bearing capability with the internal brace compared with all other fixed repair groups and revealed significantly higher loads than the knotted single-CL group. Also, significantly reduced gap formation was found for the CLS-ALD compared with all other groups (P < .001), with no gap formation up to 150 N with a final gap of 0.85 ± 0.31 mm at 350 N. A significantly higher ultimate failure load (866.2 ± 104.0 N; P < .001) was found for the button-fixed internal brace group compared with all other groups. Conclusion: Internal bracing had a crucial role in improving the stabilization potential of ACL repair at loads occurring during normal daily activity. The added strength of the internal brace allowed for reducing peak loads on the ACL repair construct as well as restricting gap formation to below 3 mm at loads up to 350 N. Clinical Relevance: Improvements in the mechanical characteristics of current ACL repair techniques that enable reduced gap formation and allow for early range of motion and accelerated rehabilitation may strengthen the self-healing response with the formation of stable scar tissue.
Recent Advances in Applications of Voltammetric Sensors Modified with Ferrocene and Its Derivatives

This study is on current developments concerning ferrocene (FC) and its derivatives on the basis of electrochemical biosensors and sensors. The distinct physiochemical characteristics of FC have enabled the development of new sensor devices, specifically electrochemical sensors. Several articles have focused on the implementation of FC as an electrode constituent while discussing its electrochemical behavior. Furthermore, typical FC-design-based biosensors and sensors are considered as well as practical examples. The favorable design of FC-based biosensors and general sensors needs adequate control of their chemical and physical characteristics in addition to their surface immobilization and functionalization.
A case for a negative-strand coding sequence in a group of positive-sense RNA viruses

Abstract Positive-sense single-stranded RNA viruses form the largest and most diverse group of eukaryote-infecting viruses. Their genomes comprise one or more segments of coding-sense RNA that function directly as messenger RNAs upon release into the cytoplasm of infected cells. Positive-sense RNA viruses are generally accepted to encode proteins solely on the positive strand. However, we previously identified a surprisingly long (∼1,000-codon) open reading frame (ORF) on the negative strand of some members of the family Narnaviridae which, together with RNA bacteriophages of the family Leviviridae, form a sister group to all other positive-sense RNA viruses. Here, we completed the genomes of three mosquito-associated narnaviruses, all of which have the long reverse-frame ORF. We systematically identified narnaviral sequences in public data sets from a wide range of sources, including arthropod, fungal, and plant transcriptomic data sets. Long reverse-frame ORFs are widespread in one clade of narnaviruses, where they frequently occupy >95 per cent of the genome. The reverse-frame ORFs correspond to a specific avoidance of CUA, UUA, and UCA codons (i.e. stop codon reverse complements) in the forward-frame RNA-dependent RNA polymerase ORF. However, absence of these codons cannot be explained by other factors such as inability to decode these codons or GC3 bias. Together with other analyses, we provide the strongest evidence yet of coding capacity on the negative strand of a positive-sense RNA virus. As these ORFs comprise some of the longest known overlapping genes, their study may be of broad relevance to understanding overlapping gene evolution and de novo origin of genes.