Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
MULTI-OBJECTIVE REINFORCEMENT LEARNING FOR TRAFFIC SIGNAL COORDINATE CONTROL

In this paper, we propose a new multi-objective control algorithm based on reinforcement learning for urban traffic signal control, named multi-RL. A multi-agent structure is used to describe the traffic system where vehicles are regarded as agents. Reinforcement learning algorithm is adopted to predict the overall value of optimization objective given vehicles’ states. The policy which minimizes the cumulative value of optimization objective is regarded as the optimal one. In order to make the method suitable to various traffic conditions, we also introduce a multi-objective control scheme in which optimization objectives are selected according to the real-time traffic state. The Optimization objectives include the number of vehicle stops, the average waiting time and maximum queue length of the next intersection. In addition, we also introduce the priority control of buses and emergent vehicles into our model. The simulation results indicate that our algorithm could perform more efficiently than traditional traffic light control methods. Keyword: Traffic Signal Control, Multi-Agent System (MAS), Reinforcement Learning, Multiobjective Control
OPTIMIZED LARGE SCALE IMAGE RETRIEVAL APPROACH BASED COUPLED BINARY EMBEDDING

Advance development in Internet technologies result in generation of large-scale image data which help to decipher crisis in existing computer vision and numerous real-world applications. These large scale image dataset need competent large-scale processing techniques for efficient and effective image retrieval system. For browsing and searching image from large data, user necessitates compelling interfaces and functionalities for capturing visual attributes. Image retrieval is related to the fields of image processing, multimedia, digital libraries, remote sensing, astronomy, database applications and others related area. Visual matching could be a crucial step in image retrieval supported the bag-of-words (Bow) model. Within the baseline technique, 2 key points are thought of as an identical try if their SIFT descriptors are amount to identical visual word. However, the SIFT visual word has 2 limitations. First, it loses most of its discriminative power throughout division. Second, SIFT solely describes the native texture feature. Each drawbacks impair the discriminative power of the Bow model and result in false positive matches. To tackle this downside, multiple binary options are embedded at assortment level. To model correlation between options, a multi-IDF scheme is introduced, through that completely different binary options are coupled into the inverted file. Matching verification methods are supported binary options. The joint integration of the SIFT visual word and binary options greatly enhances the preciseness of visual matching, reducing the impact of false positive matches. The planned technique considerably improves the baseline approach. Additionally, massive scale experiments indicate that the planned technique needs acceptable memory usage and question time compared with alternative approaches.
Clinical Diagnosis of Bacterial Infection via FDG-PET Imaging

The key challenge in the treatment of bacterial infection is rapid identification of bacteremia at an early stage of the diseases. Currently available imaging systems such as computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) can only detect bacterial infection after they have become systemic or have caused significant anatomical tissue damage, and at this stage infection are challenging to treat due to the high bacterial burden. To this day positron emission tomography (PET) imaging has showed the great potential for improving the diagnosis of bacterial infection because of the high sensitivity of PET radionuclides, capability of detecting molecular biology in details (even prior to anatomic change). Fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) PET has been developed for bacterial imaging with incredible success. Whole body PET imaging with FDG for the diagnosis of bacterial infection and monitoring response to treatment has been well established. FDG-PET will not only help to accelerate the diagnosis of infection but improve the bacterial treatment. In this review, we focus on FDG-PET imaging for diagnosing bacterial infection in the clinic.
Affective Temperaments in Patients with Irritable Colons: A Suspicious Relationship

Objective: There is a growing literature about the relationship between irritable colon and psychiatric symptoms. 'However, to the best of our knowledge, research is limited regarding the relationship between irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) and affective temperaments that are precursors of mood disorders. The aim of this study was, therefore, to investigate whether there is a relationship between affective temperaments and IBS. Methods: This study included 57 patients with irritable colon and 57 healthy controls. Irritable colon was evaluated according to the ROME III criteria. All participants in both groups were given a structured interview for DSM-IV Axis I disorders, and those with any active psychiatric disorder were excluded. Results: Irritable colon patients had significantly higher scores of depressive, anxious and irritable temperaments than healthy controls with a student's t-test. Depressive temperament was related to age and lower education level (p<0.05). Anxious temperament was only related with occupational status of the participant. Belonging to an IBS group or control group did not have a significant effect on scores regarding affective temperaments, according to covariance analysis. Conclusion: There is relationship between affective temperaments and IBS. Lower education level, being unemployed and elder age is risky for higher scores of affective temperaments. A larger sample size may be helpful to define the detailed relationship between affective temperaments and IBS.
Interacting winds in massive binaries

Massive stars feature highly energetic stellar winds that interact whenever two such stars are bound in a binary system. The signatures of these interactions are nowadays found over a wide range of wavelengths, including the radio domain, the optical band, as well as X-rays and even γ-rays. A proper understanding of these effects is thus important to derive the fundamental parameters of the components of massive binaries from spectroscopic and photometric observations.
Cancer Mortality Risk among Workers at the Mayak Nuclear Complex

Abstract Shilnikova, N. S. , Preston, D. L. , Ron, E. , Gilbert, E. S. , Vassilenko, E. K. , Romanov, S. A. , Kuznetsova, I. S. , Sokolnikov, M. E. , Okatenko, P. V. , Kreslov, V. V. and Koshurnikova, N. A. Cancer Mortality Risk among Workers at the Mayak Nuclear Complex. Radiat. Res. 159, 787–798 (2003). At present, direct data on risk from protracted or fractionated radiation exposure at low dose rates have been limited largely to studies of populations exposed to low cumulative doses with resulting low statistical power. We evaluated the cancer risks associated with protracted exposure to external whole-body γ radiation at high cumulative doses (the average dose is 0.8 Gy and the highest doses exceed 10 Gy) in Russian nuclear workers. Cancer deaths in a cohort of about 21,500 nuclear workers who began working at the Mayak complex between 1948 and 1972 were ascertained from death certificates and autopsy reports with follow-up through December 1997. Excess relative risk models were used to estimate solid cancer and leukemia risks associated with external γ-radiation dose with adjustment for effects of plutonium exposures. Both solid cancer and leukemia death rates increased significantly with increasing γ-ray dose (P < 0.001). Under a linear dose–response model, the excess relative risk for lung, liver and skeletal cancers as a group (668 deaths) adjusted for plutonium exposure is 0.30 per gray (P < 0.001) and 0.08 per gray (P < 0.001) for all other solid cancers (1062 deaths). The solid cancer dose–response functions appear to be nonlinear, with the excess risk estimates at doses of less than 3 Gy being about twice those predicted by the linear model. Plutonium exposure was associated with increased risks both for lung, liver and skeletal cancers (the sites of primary plutonium deposition) and for other solid cancers as a group. A significant dose response, with no indication of plutonium exposure effects, was found for leukemia. Excess risks for leukemia exhibited a significant dependence on the time since the dose was received. For doses received within 3 to 5 years of death the excess relative risk per gray was estimated to be about 7 (P < 0.001), but this risk was only 0.45 (P = 0.02) for doses received 5 to 45 years prior to death. External γ-ray exposures significantly increased risks of both solid cancers and leukemia in this large cohort of men and women with occupational radiation exposures. Risks at doses of less than 1 Gy may be slightly lower than those seen for doses arising from acute exposures in the atomic bomb survivors. As dose estimates for the Mayak workers are improved, it should be possible to obtain more precise estimates of solid cancer and leukemia risks from protracted external radiation exposure in this cohort.
The first conference on mechanical translation

THE FOLLOWING is a report on the proceedings of the first MT Conference, held at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Mass. , June 17-20, 1952, and my own reactions. At the Conference individuals working on MT in this country and in England met for the first time and presented their different approaches. A detailed list of participants appears on the next page. The important point is that at this Conference linguists and electronic engineers joined for the first time to survey the linguistic and engineering problems presented by MT. At the end of the Conference it was the general impression of the participants that, for certain types of source material, a mechanization of the translation process is now a distinct possibility. Thus Dr. Warren Weaver's ideas about the possibility of MT in our time ceased to be a dream and moved into the realm of reality. As a matter of fact, the engineers envisaged the creation of pilot machines within the next few years; that is, machines with limited storage for the translation of a limited quantity of scientific material from a foreign language into intelligible English, built for the purpose of convincing the general public and, especially, foundations and other organizations able to support new ventures, of the feasibility of MT, in order to obtain the funds necessary for further research and improvements. The Conference was ably organized by Dr. Y. Bar-Hillel of the Research Laboratory of Electronics at M.I. T. Half a year earlier Dr. BarHillel had visited the different groups working on MT in this country and published an excellent REPORT ON THE PRESENT STATE OF RESEARCH ON MECHANICAL TRANSLATION. There can be no doubt that much of the success of the Conference was due to Dr. Bar-Hillel's efforts, and it is, I believe, no overstatement to say that MT, if and when it materializes, will
Computational Modelling of Schizophrenic Symptoms: Basic Issues

Abstract Emerging “(computational) systems medicine” challenges neuropsychiatry regarding the development of heuristic computational brain models which help to explore symptoms and syndromes of mental disorders. This methodology of exploratory modelling of mental functions and processes and of their pathology requires a clear and operational definition of the target variable (explanandum). In the case of schizophrenia, a complex and heterogeneous disorder, single psychopathological key symptoms such as working memory deficiency, hallucination or delusion need to be defined first. Thereafter, measures of brain structures can be used in a multilevel view as biological correlates of these symptoms. Then, in order to formally “explain” the symptoms, a qualitative model can be constructed. In another step, numerical values have to be integrated into the model and exploratory computer simulations can be performed. Normal and pathological functioning is to be tested in computer experiments allowing the formulation of new hypotheses and questions for empirical research. However, the crucial challenge is to point out the appropriate degree of complexity (or simplicity) of these models, which is required in order to achieve an epistemic value that might lead to new hypothetical explanatory models and could stimulate new empirical and theoretical research. Some outlines of these methodological issues are discussed here, regarding the fact that measurements alone are not sufficient to build models.
L’immersion à l’Université d’Ottawa : une innovation héritée du passé

Le Regime d’immersion en francais (RIF) de l’Universite d’Ottawa est le fruit d’une longue tradition commencee en 1963 dans les ecoles primaires et secondaires du Canada. L’Universite d’Ottawa a ete la premiere au Canada a permettre aux etudiants d’immersion qui terminent l’ecole secondaire de poursuivre des etudes universitaires en francais avec des etudiants francophones de langue maternelle tout en beneficiant d’un soutien linguistique sur mesure. Cet article proposera un historique de l’immersion a l’Universite d’Ottawa, presentera le cadre theorique et methodologique du modele d’immersion retenu, et detaillera les aspects novateurs des composantes du RIF. Nous terminerons par un panorama des recherches en cours.
An improved fast marching method and its application in Alzheimer's disease

Magnetic resonance diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) provides a noninvasive approach to characterize the fiber pathways in the human brain. Among the fiber tractography algorithms in DTI analysis, the fast marching (FM) method has been widely used in quantitatively analyzing the structural connectivity of the fibers and their changes. However, standard FM only considers the similarity and the principal direction information conveyed by two neighboring voxels. It may have poor tracking performance when image noise and fiber crossing are present. To solve this problem, we introduced an improved FM method employing a memory factor (MFFM) to better characterize the directionality of fiber propagation. Simulation showed that MFFM yields higher tracking accuracy, lower computational load, and better antinoise/crossing performance compared with standard FM. Finally, we applied MFFM to Alzheimer's disease (AD) DTI data to explore the impaired regional connectivity of fiber structure. The results augment the knowledge of the pathological alteration of white matter in AD. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Int J Imaging Syst Technol, 23, 346–352, 2013
The Invisible Enclosure: How Community Supervision Inhibits Successful Reentry

ABSTRACT The use of community supervision in the United States has dramatically increased over the past 40 years. Today, there are 4.5 million individuals on community supervision in the United States, nearly double the incarcerated population. Utilizing data from a two-year exploratory study of reentry experiences, we posit that contrary to its stated purpose of rehabilitation and reintegration, community supervision operates under mechanisms that hinder one’s ability to reenter society. Supervision places the formerly incarcerated person within an invisible enclosure that mandates obedience to a system designed to ensure failure. Supervision requirements – reporting requirements, programming, and fees – force the parolee or probationer to decide between their own wellbeing and obedience to the rules. Although some scholars view community supervision as an alternative to incarceration, the reality is that community supervision often serves to delay incarceration rather than serve as an alternative. When situated within a Foucauldian framework, our data illustrates how community supervision is merely an evolution of the carceral apparatus that ignores rehabilitation and serves to perpetuate the carceral continuum.
Cooperative Control of Mobile Sensor Networks for Environmental Monitoring: An Event-Triggered Finite-Time Control Scheme

This paper deals with the problem of environmental monitoring by developing an event-triggered finite-time control scheme for mobile sensor networks. The proposed control scheme can be executed by each sensor node independently and consists of two parts: one part is a finite-time consensus algorithm while the other part is an event-triggered rule. The consensus algorithm is employed to enable the positions and velocities of sensor nodes to quickly track the position and velocity of a virtual leader in finite time. The event-triggered rule is used to reduce the updating frequency of controllers in order to save the computational resources of sensor nodes. Some stability conditions are derived for mobile sensor networks with the proposed control scheme under both a fixed communication topology and a switching communication topology. Finally, simulation results illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed control scheme for the problem of environmental monitoring.
Internal drainage of giant acute pseudocysts: the role of video-assisted pancreatic necrosectomy.

BACKGROUND Internal drainage of giant pancreatic pseudocysts secondary to acute pancreatitis is frequently complicated with postoperative retroperitoneal infection and hemorrhage. Recent data suggest that the risk factor is unrecognized pancreatic necrosis; presumably, pancreatic necrosis becomes infected with bacteria introduced by the cystoenteric anastomosis. HYPOTHESIS Video-assisted pancreatic necrosectomy, performed at the time of internal drainage, may prevent postoperative retroperitoneal complications in patients with giant acute pseudocysts. DESIGN A consecutive case-series. SETTING An urban, university-affiliated, tertiary referral center. PATIENTS Ten consecutive patients with acute pseudocysts measuring 10 cm or more in major diameter. The mean extent of pancreatic necrosis, as shown by contrast-enhanced computed tomography, was 50%. All patients were operated on electively, at an average time of 7.7 weeks from onset of the attack to surgical treatment. INTERVENTION Through a midline incision, a 4-cm opening is made at the base of the pseudocyst. Standard laparoscopic instruments are introduced into the pseudocyst and video-assisted pancreatic necrosectomy is performed. The opening is then anastomosed to a Roux-en-Y limb of the jejunum. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Feasibility and safety of video-assisted pancreatic necrosectomy, postoperative morbidity and mortality, hospital stay, and resolution of pseudocysts. RESULTS Complete necrosectomy was safely performed throughout. There were neither postoperative retroperitoneal complications nor mortality. Mean hospital stay was 8.2 days and all pseudocysts resolved at a mean follow-up of 6.9 months. CONCLUSIONS Video-assisted pancreatic necrosectomy at the time of internal drainage seems to prevent postoperative retroperitoneal complications in patients with giant acute pseudocysts. Depending on appropriate surgical timing, video-assisted necrosectomy is a feasible and safe procedure.
Cryptanalysis of the Smart-Vercauteren and Gentry-Halevi's Fully Homomorphic Encryption.

For the fully homomorphic encryption schemes in [3, 6], this paper presents attacks to solve an equivalent secret key and directly recover plaintext from ciphertext for lattice dimensions n=2048 with lattice reduction algorithm. Given the average-case behavior of LLL in [8] is true, then their schemes are also not secure for n=8192.
Application of Particle Filter for Identification of Structural Parameters in Elastic Solid Using Reflected Signal

Ultrasonic wave has been used to evaluate defects in structural materials as a nondestructive testing tool. The interior parameters, such as the wave velocity, density, and among others are fundamental information for the classification of the type of the defect. In this study, we propose an estimation method of the interior parameters using the particle filter (PF) and image-based finite integration technique (FIT). The PF is one of data assimilation techniques, and based on a sequential importance sampling algorithm. The key idea is to represent the probability density function by using a set of random samples (particles) with associated weights. In the PF, the likelihood computation is carried out using the FIT which can predict the ultrasonic signal from inclusions. Demonstration of the PF shows that assimilation result is close to the interior parameters.
Systematic correlation between spine plasticity and the anxiety/depression-like phenotype induced by corticosterone in mice

Unraveling the pathophysiological basis for the development of and recovery from depression is a unique challenge. Dendritic plasticity has been reported to be involved in the development of depression. We modeled an anxiety/depression-like phenotype by chronic corticosterone exposure in mice and reversed this anxiety/depression-like phenotype by long-term treatment with fluoxetine (FLX). Spine density in the hippocampus was detected by Golgi–Cox staining at five time points. The data showed that 35 days of corticosterone exposure led to a decrease in spine density in CA1, concomitant with the onset of depression. Following 25 days of treatment with FLX, the decrease in both the dendritic spine density in the hippocampus and the anxiety/depression-like phenotype induced by chronic corticosterone recovered to normal levels concomitantly. Interestingly, the total spine density changes are all mainly driven by changes in thin and stubby spines, not mushroom spines, following chronic corticosterone or FLX treatment. Our results suggest that the changes in dendritic spine density in the hippocampus may be one of the pathophysiological mechanisms underlying the development of and recovery from depression, and the neuronal plasticity of CA1 is first impaired during the development of depression.
Performance of thermal interface materials: Numerical analysis

In this work, we use the effective medium approximation (EMA) to numerically assess the thermal performance of thermal interface materials (TIMs). The performance is measured in terms of the effective thermal conductivity of the composite material subject to changes in the filler dimensions, volume fraction, aspect ratio, filler-matrix interface resistance and thermal conductivity of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) and spherical metallic fillers embedded in non-electrically conducting matrices. Our results indicate that the filler-matrix interface resistance and CNT aspect ratio play a dominant role in limiting the maximum effective thermal conductivity of the composite material. Guidelines for the formulation of these materials are presented as result of the analysis.