Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Modeling of Carbonyl/Ammonium Sulfate Aqueous Brown Carbon Chemistry via UV/Vis Spectral Decomposition

The proper characterization of aqueous brown carbon (BrC) species, their formation, and their light absorbance properties is critical to understanding the aggregate effect that they have on overall atmospheric aerosol climate forcing. The contribution of dark chemistry secondary organic aerosol (SOA) products from carbonyl-containing organic compounds (CVOCs) to overall aqueous aerosol optical properties is expected to be significant. However, the multiple, parallel pathways that take place within CVOC reaction systems and the differing chromophoricity of individual products complicates the ability to reliably model the chemical kinetics taking place. Here, we proposed an alternative method of representing UV-visible absorbance spectra as a composite of Gaussian lineshape functions to infer kinetic information. Multiple numbers of curves and different CVOC/ammonium reaction systems were compared. A model using three fitted Gaussian curves with magnitudes following first-order kinetics achieved an accuracy within 65.5% in the 205–300-nm range across multiple organic types and solution aging times. Asymmetrical peaks that occurred in low-200-nm wavelengths were decomposed into two overlapping Gaussian curves, which may have been attributable to different functional groups or families of reaction products. Component curves within overall spectra exhibited different dynamics, implying that the utilization of absorbance at a single reference wavelength to infer reaction rate constants may result in misrepresentative kinetics for these systems.
EFEITO DA PREDAÇÃO POR Acanthoscelides schrankiae (COLEOPTERA:BRUCHIDAE) E DE ALTAS TEMPERATURAS NA GERMINAÇÃO DE SEMENTES DE Mimosa bimucronata (DC.) KUNTZE (FABACEAE: MIMOSOIDEAE)

The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship among the quality of M. bimucronata seeds and the following variables: (1) percentage of germination of viable seeds from infested and non-infested fruits; (2) dry weights of seedlings from infested and non-infested fruits; and (3) body dry weights of A. schrankiae. For comparisons, this study was carried out collecting seeds from two plant populations (Lageado and Rubião). Firtly, 25 plants were selected at random, with 15 from Lageado and 10 from Rubião, and four branches per plant were bagged. The other branches were exposed to predation by bruchids. Mature fruits were collected for extraction of viable seeds from infested and non-infested fruits in order to perform nitrogen and tannins analysis and germination tests. After germination, the dry weights of seedlings were recorded as well as the dry weights of bruchids that emerged from fruits. M. bimucronata seeds from non-infested fruits presented better germination (percentage of germination and the Germination Speed Index (GSI)) than seeds from infested fruits, showing that seed predation by A. schrankiae exerted an indirect effect on seed germination. However, this result was observed only in the Rubião area. Seeds from plants located in the Lageado presented higher levels of nitrogen and tannins than seeds from plants in the Rubião area, suggesting that there is a direct relationship between tannins and nitrogen. Individuals of A. schrankiae had higher body weights in plants from Lageado, population with the higher levels of tannins and nitrogen; therefore, nitrogen on M. bimucronata seeds is probably a limiting factor for A. schrankiae development. Seedling dry weights did not present significant differences among infested and non-infested fruits, demonstrating that although seed predation affects germination it did not affect seedling development. Key-words: Mimosa bimucronata, Acanthoscelides schrankiae, seed predation, trophic interactions, germination, population ecology.
Identification of a novel lipopolysaccharide genetic locus in bordetella bronchiseptica and its role in pathogenesis

Bordetella bronchiseptica is a Gram-negative respiratory pathogen of a wide range of mammals. B. bronchiseptica infections are of key interest to the veterinary and agricultural industries. Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) is the major component of the outer cellular membrane and is hence integral to the implementation of many cellular processes throughout the life cycle. A genetic locus responsible for LPS core and Oantigen biosynthesis in B. bronchiseptica has been recently identified. However discovery of all the genes responsible for the production of the LPS inner core has thusfar evaded researchers. A novel genetic locus, encoding phosphoglucomutase (PGM) is described here. The pgm gene of B. bronchiseptica is required for the biosynthesis of the LPS inner core molecule. Genetic analysis of pgm identified the gene as approximately 1.2 kb in length that shares high amino acid identity with the PGM of various other bacterial species. The pgm gene forms part of an operon which also encompasses the gene encoding phosphoglucose isomerase. B. pertussis was also found to contain a homologous gene sharing 97% identity with that of B. bronchiseptica. PGM is an enzyme responsible for the conversion of glucose to the high energy nucleotide sugar, UDP-glucose, which is subsequently incorporated into the LPS inner core, being only the second residue following the lipid Aketodeoxyoctulosonic acid (KDO) moiety. Insertion mutations of the wild type B. bronchiseptica strain BB7865 and the bvg strain BB7866, which disrupted LPS biosynthesis was created and characterised (BB7S65pgm and BB7S66pgm). Functional assays for PGM revealed that enzyme activity is expressed in both bvgpositive and frvg-negative strains of B. bronchiseptica and is substantially reduced in BB7S65pgm and BB7866pgm. Silver stained tricine SDS PAGE analysis of purified
High-Resolution Attention Network with Acoustic Segment Model for Acoustic Scene Classification

The spectral information of acoustic scenes is diverse and complex, which poses challenges for acoustic scene tasks. To improve the classification performance, a variety of convolutional neural networks (CNNs) are proposed to extract richer semantic information of scene utterances. However, the different regions of the features extracted from CNN-based encoder have different importance. In this paper, we propose a novel strategy for acoustic scene classification, namely high-resolution attention network with acoustic segment model (HRAN-ASM). In this approach, we utilize fully CNN to obtain high-level semantic information and then adopt two-stage attention strategy to select the relevant acoustic scene segments. Besides, the acoustic segment model (ASM) proposed in our recent work provides embedding vectors for this attention mechanism. The performance is evaluated on DCASE 2018 Task 1a, showing 70.5% good classification accuracy under single system and no data expansion, which is superior to CNN-based self-attention mechanism and highly competitive.
Histomorphometric and Radiographic Analysis of Biological Responses Following the Use of Pure Hydroxyapatite and Hydroxyapatite with Collagen

Background and Objectives: The objective of this study was to evaluate in vivo two new biomaterials for bone substitution aiming to determining their ability to enable bone neoformation in critical-size defects in rats’ calvaria. Methods: Synthetic hydroxyapatite were developed – Pure hydroxyapatite (HaP) and Hydroxyapatite with collagen (HCol). The third synthetic hydroxyapatite used as a comparing element was the commercial hydroxyapatite Alobone® (HaAl). Sixty Wistar rats divided randomly into four groups (Group 1, HaP; Group 2, HaCol; Group 3, HaAl and Group 4, Control). Critical size defects of 8mm were performed in the calvaria, and the three biomaterials were implanted. All groups also received a collagen membrane. Results: On day 30, the inflammatory response on the defect was practically absent in all groups, mainly when compared to the period of 7 days. Some areas of bone neoformation were seen. There was predominance of osteoblasts, osteocytes, and macrophages in lower amounts. Regarding the radiographic aspect, after 30 days, a marked biodegradation of the hydroxyapatite and signs of bone neoformation were observed. Conclusions: It was concluded that the results of our study in vivo can be used as a preliminary source of information about biocompatibility, biodegradability, and bone neoformation from the implant of new biomaterials in vivo.
Concentration of Heavy Metal Hg, Au and Fe in Sediments, Water, and Tissue Damage of Golden Sea Cucumber Stichopus herrmanni (Semper, 1868) (Holothuroidea; Stichopodidae) in Kayeli Bay, Indonesia

Heavy metals concentrated in waters can also accumulate in sediments and various biota. This research was conducted to examine the concentration of heavy metals in seawater, sediment, intestine and meat of golden sea cucumber Stichopus herrmanni in Kayeli bay, Buru Island, Indonesia. The concentrations of heavy metals Hg, Au, and Fe were analyzed using the AAS, and the tissue damage of S. herrmanni used the HE staining method. Correlation analysis and multiple linear regression were used to examine the correlation and the effect of the independent variables (heavy metals Hg, Au, and Fe) partially on the dependent variable (damage on intestinal villi of S. herrmanni) with a statistically significant at α= 0.05. The results showed that the highest to lowest heavy metal concentrations in water was Hg>Fe>Au, while the concentration of heavy metals in water, intestine and meat was of sea cucumber was Fe>Hg>Au. There was a correlation between heavy metals in sediments, intestines, and meat which caused damage to intestinal villi, while the multiple linear regression tests showed a probability of 0.012 0.05 for Au on the damage of intestinal villi of S. herrmanni. This shows that Fe has a significant potential to cause damage to the intestinal villi of S. herrmanni. Fe is highly concentrated in sediments, intestines and meat showed a positive correlation to the damage of intestinal villi of S. herrmanni.
Study of the physicochemical properties of highbush blueberry and wild bilberry fruit in central Bosnia

Although around the globe numerous studies have been conducted on the nutritional composition of blueberry/bilberry and its effect on human health, very little is known about the fruit in Bosnia and Herzegovina. This is the first report regarding the physical and chemical characteristics of the cultivated highbush blueberry and bilberry harvested in the same climatic conditions in Bosnia and Herzegovina. In this paper we present the physical weight and chemical soluble solids content, total sugars, titratable acidity, pH, and total phenols properties of the wild bilberry Vaccinium myrtillus L. and cultivated highbush-'Earliblue', 'Bluegold', 'Bluecrop', 'Goldtraube'-blueberry Vaccinium corymbosum L. Among the highbush blueberry cultivars, 'Bluegold' 2.07-2.11 g and 'Bluecrop' 2.08-2.11 g had the highest weight. 'Bluecrop' had the highest soluble solids content 13.3-13.7 °Brix and total sugars 9.73%? 9.94% , but the lowest content of titratable acidity 0.70-0.72 g/100 g , which was highest in 'Goldtraube' 0.92-0.93 g/100 g . This cultivar also had the highest content of total phenols 289-309 mg gallic acid equivalent/100 g of fresh weight . In the case of wild bilberry, the following values were obtained: average weight 0.28-0.32 g, soluble solids content 11.1-11.3 °Brix, total sugars 7.23%-7.37%, titratable acidity 0.99%-1.02%, and total phenols 431-455 mg/100 g. Blueberry and wild bilberry also had a fairly uniform pH 3.2-3.6 . All samples had a valuable composition and so it is advisory to expand their production in Bosnia and Herzegovina in order to increase their consumption.
A study on Methods of Separating Soil Respiration by Source

We review three methods of separating soil respirat ion into root and soil microbial contribution: (1) component integration, (2) root exclusion, and (3) isotopic method. Among these methods, component integration and root exclusion are most commonly used. Root respiration contribution to soil respiration estimated by the root exclusion method is higher than those by other two methods. Trenching has little environmental disturbances in soil or on surface of site compared to other methods in root exclusion such as root removal and gap formation. Isotopic method has an advantage over other methods because of minimal soil and root disturbances, but this method is costly and requires techniques for the complex analysis. Trenching seems to be an appropriate in situ method for calculating component contributions to soil respiration with minimum disturbances in site. However, the method overestimates the contribution of microbial respiration because of root decay, and realistic results could be obtained by estimating root decay or avoiding large roots in trenched plots.
ANALYSIS OF MICROBIOME OF RECULTIVATED SOILS OF THE KINGISEPP AREA OF PHOSPHORITE MINING

The microbial composition of reclaimed disturbed soil covers may indicate the degree of their recovery and the processes occurring in them, as well as their suitability for further use in agriculture. Kingisepp phosphorite quarry was developed in the 1960s, and at the end of the 1970s reclamation was performed. This object is unique because its soil physical parameters were monitored for 29 years and the reclamation was performed with the planting of three plant cultures — spruce, larch and pine. In the area with spruce it was leveled with an addition of peaty-mineral mixture, and in areas with larch and pine only mineral substrate without peat was added. However, the analysis of the microbiome composition of the soil cover at the reclamation sites has not yet been carried out. Our study showed that the structure of the studied soil microbiome did not depend on the physicochemical parameters of the soil, the diversity of the soil microbiome did not correlate with the main mineral nutrients, and the dominant plant species did not significantly affect the structure of the microbiome. The aim of the work was to study the microbiome of these sites using high-throughput sequencing of amplicon libraries of the 16S rRNA gene, as well as to search for the connection between the microbiome composition and the type of remediation and physical and chemical parameters of the soil. For three plots, descriptions of vegetation cover and soil cuts were made, and soil samples were taken to determine their physical and chemical parameters and DNA extraction. The granulometric composition of the samples, pH levels, substrate induced and basal respiration, as well as the content of organic carbon, mobile compounds of phosphorus and potassium, exchangeable ammonium and nitrates were measured. Quantity of bacteria, archaea and fungi was determined using real-time PCR. For the analysis of microbial communities, the level of their alpha and beta diversity was measured, their taxonomic structure was determined, as well as their relationship with the soil biochemical parameters and vegetation cover. According to the results of the studies, the soil parameters were similar for all plots, and the levels of basal and substrate-induced respiration were very low (around 0.02-0.05 μg CO2/g per hour). The plot under the spruce showed a more acidic soil extract reaction (pH 6.5) than the plots under larch and pine (pH 7.6 and 7.1, respectively). The type of vegetation was not a sufficiently strong ecological factor and microbial communities turned out to be close in structure. The quantitative composition of microorganisms did not differ significantly between the three experimental plots, except for the lower content of archaea in the plot with spruce. The level of alpha-diversity of the prokaryotic community in all three plots was also
Ruthenium (Ru) Doped Titanium Dioxide (P25) Electrode for Dye Sensitized Solar Cells

In this study, P25-titanium dioxide (TiO 2 ) was doped with ruthenium (Ru) by systematically varying the Ru content at 0.15, 0.30, 0.45 and 0.6 mol%. The synthesized Ru-doped TiO 2 nanomaterials have been characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), Raman spectroscopy, energy-dispersive X-ray (EDX) analysis, UV-visible (UV–Vis) spectroscopy, and electrochemical impedance (EIS) spectroscopy. The XRD patterns of undoped and Ru-doped TiO 2 nanomaterials confirm the presence of mixed anatase and rutile phases of TiO 2 while EDX spectrum confirms the presence of Ti, O and Ru. Further, UV-visible absorption spectra of doped TiO 2 nanomaterial reveal a slight red shift on Ru-doping. The short circuit current density (J SC ) of the cells fabricated using the Ru-doped TiO 2 photoanode was found to be dependent on the amount of Ru present in TiO 2 . Optimized cells with 0.3 mol% Ru-doped TiO 2 electrodes showed efficiency which is 20% more than the efficiency of the control cell (η = 5.8%) under stimulated illumination (100 mWcm −2 , 1 sun) with AM 1.5 filter. The increase in J SC resulted from the reduced rate of recombination upon doping of Ru and this was confirmed by EIS analysis.
DIVULGAÇÃO DE INFORMAÇÕES VOLUNTÁRIAS EM MÍDIAS SOCIAIS: ISSO É SÉRIO? ESTUDO DE FATORES DETERMINANTES NO FACEBOOK

Este estudo tem o intuito de investigar quais os fatores determinantes que afetam a divulgação de informações voluntárias em mídias sociais, buscando analisar se a informação voluntária divulgada em plataformas de mídia possui os mesmos determinantes que os meios tradicionais. Nesse sentido, variáveis como tamanho, rentabilidade, assimetria de informação e estruturas de dívidas foram testadas. A mídia investigada foi o Facebook, a maior em número de usuários no Brasil na data da pesquisa. A amostra é composta de 64 empresas de Capital Aberto, pertencentes ao índice IBrX 100. Este estudo utilizou análise de painel desbalanceado, compreendendo um período trimestral entre os anos de 2010 a 2016. Utilizaram-se duas variáveis dependentes: a primeira relacionada ao quantitativo de postagens divulgado no Facebook; e a outra relativa ao alcance das divulgações. Os resultados apontam que variáveis como tamanho e estrutura de dívida foram significativas para explicar o modelo. Há evidências que empresas maiores e com maior estrutura de dívida, têm uma maior divulgação de informações no Facebook. Em termos de alcance, empresas maiores, menos rentáveis, com uma menor estrutura de dívida e com maior assimetria informacional tem uma maior propagação de suas informações, com seus usuários, gostando, compartilhando e comentando suas postagens.
Effectiveness of legume consumption for facilitating weight loss: a randomized trial

Legumes are rich in factors which help promote satiety, including fiber, resistant starch and protein. Observational and multi‐meal experimental studies suggest that consuming legumes may help support healthy weight; however, randomized trials are lacking. We are conducting a 6‐wk randomized trial with 6‐wk follow‐up to test whether consuming legumes facilitates weight loss and improves chronic disease risk. After baseline measurements, subjects are advised to reduce daily energy intake (EI) by 30%. About half of the target EI is provided and consumption required, while the remainder of EI is self‐selected. Subjects are randomly assigned to 1 of 3 groups: DG: the US Dietary Guideline recommendation of 3 c/wk of legumes (0.5 c/d, 6 d/wk); DRI: the amount of legumes needed to meet the Dietary Reference Intake for fiber (women 1.8 c/d, men 2.7 c/d, 6 d/wk); or control: minimal legumes. To date, 28 subjects have enrolled (goal n=66). Mean±SEM weight loss thus far was: wk 3 (−1.7±0.3 kg), wk 6 (−2.7±0.7 kg), and wk 12 (−2.5±0.8 kg) (p 0.01 for each)). At wk 3, weight loss was greater in the DG and DRI groups (−2.3±0.4 kg; −2.4±0.7 kg) vs the control group (−0.9±0.4 kg)(n=19; p=0.046). At wk 6, weight loss also differed among groups (DG: −3.4±0.9 kg; DRI: −3.9±1.4 kg; control: 1.0±1.1 kg (n=15; p=0.11–0.12 control vs DG/DRI). Consuming at least 0.5 c/d of legumes may assist with weight loss and maintenance. [Funding: Pulse Canada]
Analysis of Genetic Profiles of Heavy Metal Phytememediator Plants From Gold Mining Areas

The resistance and survival ability of phytoremediator plants in a polluted environment is thought to be a form of genetic adaptation. This research aimed: (1) to identify the dominant plant species in ex-gold mining area; (2) to analyze the genetic profile of phytoremediator plants from ex-gold mining area; and (3) to compare the genetic profile of heavy metal phytoremediator plants from ex-gold mining area with the same plant species from the non-mining area. The samples of this study were Cyperus sp. , Lycopodium sp. , and Melastoma sp. The research procedures carried out include sample collection, DNA isolation, DNA amplification with PCR, and DNA visualization with electrophoresis. The results show that the dominant plant species of ex-gold mining area are Cyperus sp. , Lycopodium sp. , and Melastoma sp. The genetic profile analysis of dominant plant species of ex-gold mining area shows that no DNA bands appeared from the target gene as the result of amplification using specific primers of Metallothionein gene. The result of RAPD analysis using OPA-04 universal primers show that at 500-750 bp there are differences in DNA bands that appeared between the samples. DNA bands that appeared in the genetic profile of phytoremediator plants are thought to be the representation of the gene that responsible for heavy metals tolerance.
MATERIAL SELECTION FOR MICROSTRIP ANTENNA USING CRITIC-MIACRA INTEGRATION AS A PRACTICAL APPROACH

Selection of suitable material is a critical step in design of microstrip antenna. Dielectric constant, thermal expansion coefficient, conductivity, mechanical properties, weight are leading material properties to select the proper material. Besides these factors, environmental factors, cost and size are among prominent design criteria. In this study to analyze material selection situation for microstrip antenna manufacturing a multi criteria decision making (MCDM) structure is proposed. In this context, CRITIC-MAIRCA integration which are the one of the MCDM approaches are performed to determine the best material for microstrip antenna. Dielectric constant, loss tangent and thermal expansion coefficient criteria are considered to select the best among eighteen different materials. The impact of each criterion on selection process is computed via using CRITIC. To rank alternative considering the weights of criteria, MAIRCA was utilized. As a result, BaSrTi 2 O 6 (bulk form) is determined as the best material for microstrip antenna manufacturing. This study provides an initial insight related to the suitable material in a practical manner.
Callus-induced explants selection of ‘Pyrus betulifolia’

Efficient and stable in vitro regeneration system is the basic condition and key factor for the genetic transformation of pear. In order to find the most suitable explants to induce callus, three different explants, including seeds, hypocotyls and young leaves, were selected to induce callus respectively, and the regeneration ability of the three explants was compared, and finally the best material was selected. The results showed that loose and plump callus could be induced by using hypocotyl as explant in a short time.