Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The Exploration of Operation and Maintenance Methods about Procuratorate's E-Government System

This is an important means to support the sustainable development for government to implement services out-sourcing of e-government. Based on the analysis of the status quo about the procuratorate's information system, combined with the procuratorate's information characteristics currently and three operation maintainance methods, the article focuses on the construction of services out-sourcing management system about procuratorate's information system, and points out that services out-sourcing is the appropriate choice for procuratorate's information construction at present.
Cigarette smoking, alcohol drinking, and oral and pharyngeal cancer mortality in Japan.

OBJECTIVES To prospectively examine the association of cigarette smoking and alcohol drinking with oral and pharyngeal carcinogenesis, we analyzed data from a nation-wide large-scale cohort study in Japan. METHODS A total of 34 136 men and 43 711 women aged 40-79 years were included in the study. The Cox proportional hazard model was used to estimate the relative risk (RR) and 95% confidence interval (95% CI) of oral and pharyngeal cancer for smoking and drinking by sex, while adjusting for age, consumption of green tea, preference for salty foods, and consumption of green yellow vegetables. RESULTS Current smokers were found to have a higher risk of death caused by oral and pharyngeal cancer compared with non-smokers in both sexes: the RR was 2.6 (95% CI: 1.0-6.7) in men and 8.2 (95% CI: 2.1-32.1) in women. Men who drank more than 46 g ethanol per day had an approximately threefold increased risk of oral and pharyngeal cancer. Simultaneous exposure to both factors was significantly associated with an elevated risk of oral and pharyngeal cancer (RR: 3.3, 95% CI: 1.1-9.6). CONCLUSIONS The result supports the carcinogenic effect of cigarette smoking and alcohol drinking on the oral cavity and pharynx.
Effects of intrapulmonary percussive ventilation on airway mucus clearance: A bench model

AIM To determine the ability of intrapulmonary percussive ventilation (IPV) to promote airway clearance in spontaneously breathing patients and those on mechanical ventilation. METHODS An artificial lung was used to simulate a spontaneously breathing patient (Group 1), and was then connected to a mechanical ventilator to simulate a patient on mechanical ventilation (Group 2). An 8.5 mm endotracheal tube (ETT) connected to the test lung, simulated the patient airway. Artificial mucus was instilled into the mid-portion of the ETT. A filter was attached at both ends of the ETT to collect the mucus displaced proximally (mouth-piece filter) and distally (lung filter). The IPV machine was attached to the proximal end of the ETT and was applied for 10-min each to Group 1 and 2. After each experiment, the weight of the various circuit components were determined and compared to their dry weights to calculate the weight of the displaced mucus. RESULTS In Group 1 (spontaneously breathing model), 26.8% ± 3.1% of the simulated mucus was displaced proximally, compared to 0% in Group 2 (the mechanically ventilated model) with a P-value of < 0.01. In fact, 17% ± 1.5% of the mucus in Group 2 remained in the mid-portion of the ETT where it was initially instilled and 80% ± 4.2% was displaced distally back towards the lung (P < 0.01). There was an overall statistically significant amount of mucus movement proximally towards the mouth-piece in the spontaneously breathing (SB) patient. There was also an overall statistically significant amount of mucus movement distally back towards the lung in the mechanically ventilated (MV) model. In the mechanically ventilated model, no mucus was observed to move towards the proximal/mouth piece section of the ETT. CONCLUSION This bench model suggests that IPV is associated with displacement of mucus towards the proximal mouthpiece in the SB patient, and distally in the MV model.
The effect of abiotic factors on the hatching of Moina micrura Kurz, 1874 (Crustacea: Cladocera) ephippial eggs.

The roles of some abiotic factors in controlling the hatching rates of Moina micrura ephippial eggs were investigated. Determination of optimum hatching conditions would be important in developing the use of this species as a food for fish larvae in aquaculture. Ephippia were exposed to different treatments in the laboratory, and monitored for hatching over a period of seven days. Optimum hatching conditions were: pH 5-9, temperature 25 degrees C, photoperiod eight or more hours light per day and light intensity equal to or greater than 850 lux. Differences in water ionic concentrations (from deionized water to 880 mg.L-1 of selected salts) had no effect.
Short vs. Long Category Perception Affected by Vowel Quality

The paper studies the impact of intrinsic vowel duration on category perception in boundary conditions by examining the short vs. long category boundary perception in Estonian. Since the intrinsic duration of a close vowel /i/ is about 10-15 ms shorter than that of an open vowel /a/, we hypothesize that the short vs. long category boundary in /i/ occurs at a shorter duration than in the case of /a/. Twelve native Estonian subjects participated in the perception tests involving binary category decision in CV(:)CV stimuli where the duration of the primary stressed vowel was manipulated in a range from 100 ms to 190 ms embracing the short vs. long category boundary. The test results support our hypothesis and show that the differences in vowel quality, hence in intrinsic duration of vowels play a role in short vs. long category perception.
A frequency steerable Substrate-Integrated Waveguide slot antenna for 77 GHz radar application

For a low cost radar system a serially fed, linear and equidistant waveguide slot antenna has been developed. A meander shaped waveguide path allows a frequency steerable main lobe without additional mechanical or electrical components. The antenna design focused on a maximum steering angle of ±60°. In order to further reduce the costs and simplify fabrication of the antenna a Substrate-Integrated Waveguide (SIW) structure was used. A new concept to reduce the parasitic coupling of these structures has been investigated. To fulfill the requirements on the radiation characteristics and matching of the antenna, a new slot shape and a cavity based waveguide-SIW transition were designed. Simulations and measurement results show that the antenna could be realized successfully.
MHC Diversity and Selection

The major histocompatibility complex (Mhe) contaitis a family of genes whose products play crucial roles in self and nonself discrimination. Self is one's own peptides that bind to Mhc molecules and restrict the T-cell repertoire in the thymus. whereas nonself is processed peptides of foreign antigens that can be presented in the context of Mhc molecules and trigger the immune response. Since the immune system thus controlled by Mhc molecules affects the survival of individuals, the dual function of Mhc itself must be subjected to natural selection. The operation of natural selection calls for the necessity of studying Mhc genes from a viewpoint of evolutionary population genetics. This paper is concerned with convergence in sequence motifs in the peptide-binding region (PBR) and Tcell mediated evolutionary forces for Mhc molecules.
The Smithsonian Book of North American Mammals

Some of the largest and biologically richest tropical forests remaining in the world are found among the 600 islands of Papua New Guinea. These forests support a diverse bat fauna, with 91 native species ranging from the greater flying fox, with a wingspan of 1.6 metres, to the tiny, 2.5-gram lesser sheath-tailed bat. Nineteen of Papua New Guinea's bat species are found nowehere else on earth. "Bats of Papua New Guinea" is a handy, portable field guide to these fascinating flying mammals, which play crucial ecological roles as pollinators, seed dispersers and insect predators. Accessible to amateur naturalists and scientists alike, this guide contains more than 60 colour illustrations, line drawings and maps. Detailed descriptions for each species provide information on field identification, geographic range, natural history (ecology, behaviour, physiology) and conservation status. Each entry also gives a complete list of the places where the bat has been found in Papua New Guinea, as well as a list of the bats examined by the author and standard measurements recorded from them.
Blind nonuniform deblur under projection motion path

Abstract. We address how to recover a blurred image with nonuniform blur kernel when the camera moves with a constant velocity in front of a static scene. We modeled the blur kernel as a series of parameterized projective transform matrices and the blurred image as an integration of the distorted clear image sequences. By formulating the problem as a convex optimization algorithm, this problem using gradient descent algorithm can be solved. In particular, we show how to incorporate the camera’s constant movements into the projection model. By doing so, the previous nonblind nonuniform projective motion path model is changed into a blind nonuniform model. The effectiveness of our method is demonstrated by conducting experimental comparisons with other popular image deblur algorithms.
Relación entre el bruxismo del sueño auto-percibido y aspectos sociológicos, clínicos y psicológicos en pacientes con disfunción temporomandibular

OBJETIVOS: El objetivo de este estudio consistio en analizar la posible asociacion entre el bruxismo del sueno autopercibido con respecto a diversos factores sociologicos, clinicos y psicologicos presentes en una poblacion con disfuncion temporomandibular (DTM). METODOS: Para ello, 1220 pacientes del Servicio Andaluz de Salud fueron explorados mediante la utilizacion de la version en espanol de los cuestionarios Research Diagnostic Criteria for Temporomandibular Disorders (RDC/TMD). Los criterios de inclusion y exclusion fueron aquellos incluidos en los criterios RDC/TMD. El diagnostico del bruxismo se obtuvo de la pregunta ? Ha notado o le han advertido que aprieta o rechina los dientes por la noche o durante el sueno? , incluida en la anamnesis de dicho cuestionario. Se realizo un analisis bivariado, comparando esta actividad parafuncional con la edad (divida en mayores y menores de 60 anos), el genero, el estado civil, el estatus socioeconomico, el nivel de estudios, los distintos subtipos de DTM, el grado de desgaste dentario, la intensidad del dolor, el grado de dolor cronico, la presencia de bloqueos articulares autopercibidos por el paciente, y diversos factores psicologicos tales como la depresion y la somatizacion del dolor. RESULTADOS: La prevalencia de bruxismo fue de un 54,51%. Se obtuvo una asociacion estadisticamente significativa entre la presencia de BS y pacientes menores de 60 anos, mujeres, una mayor intensidad del dolor, mayor dolor cronico, y los grupos del Axis I que comprendian la presencia conjunta de patologia muscular y artropatia. Tambien se hallo una mayor prevalencia de esta actividad parafuncional en pacientes con mayor grado de depresion y/o somatizacion del dolor. Sin embargo el estado civil o el nivel academico no resultaron asociados con la presencia de este habito. CONCLUSIONES: Existe una clara asociacion la presencia de bruxismo del sueno autopercibido, y ser mujer, menor de 60 anos, padecer depresion y/o somatizacion, y sufrir sintomas dolorosos de disfuncion temporomandibular. Sin embargo son necesarios futuros estudios realizados mediante polisomnografia, con mayores muestras que los actuales, y diferenciando entre el bruxismo del sueno y el de vigilia.
The effect of Echis carinatus crude venom and purified protein fractions on carbohydrate metabolism in rats

Echis carinatus crude venom was fractionated into 11 protein fractions by preparative native polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (PAGE). All fractions except fractions 5 and 10 appeared as a single band on analytical native PAGE. Purified venom fractions 1, 4, 8, 10 and 11 appeared as single bands on SDS‐PAGE whereas fractions 2, 3 and 7 contained two bands and fraction 6 contained three bands. Fractions 1 and 3 exhibited basic pI (7.3 and 7.6) respectively, while fractions 2, 4, 6, 8, 10 and 11 showed an acidic pI. Amino acid analysis also showed that crude venom is rich in acidic amino acids. A significant hyperglycaemia was produced by i.p. injection of E. carinatus crude venom, after 15 min of envenomation which persisted even after 24 h. Along with hyperglycaemia there was a significant decrease of liver glycogen at 15 min and 1, 12 and 24 h. A significant decrease of plasma [pyr + lac] levels was found from 15 min to 24 h. The liver [pyr + lac] levels increased significantly after 24 h. Skeletal muscle [pyr + lac] level was significantly decreased after 24 h of envenomation. Fractions 2 and 6 produced the highest increase in plasma glucose after 12 h and fraction 7 after 24 h. The plasma insulin level was significantly decreased by these three fractions (2, 6 and 7). So it can be hypothesized that the hyperglycaemia may result from a direct effect of a venom component on plasma insulin. Fractions 7, 8 and 11 caused the highest decrease in plasma [pyr + lac] while fractions 1, 2, 3, 4 and 8 produced the most significant decrease in liver [pyr + lac]. The most significant increase in lactate dehydrogenase level was also produced by fractions 1, 2, 3, 4 and 8. Copyright © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Double-blind, randomized, clinical trial of metformin as add-on treatment with clozapine in treatment of schizophrenia disorder

Background: One of the major causes of death in schizophrenia is a metabolic syndrome. The clozapine has the highest rate of weight gain among antipsychotics. It has been shown that metformin can promote weight loss. We aimed to investigate the effect of metformin as an adjunctive therapy with clozapine to prevent metabolic syndrome in patients with schizophrenia. Materials and Methods: A total of 37 patients consisting metformin group (19 cases) and a group of placebo consisting of 18 cases were evaluated. A brief psychiatric rating scale score (BPRS) and metabolic profiles was determined for all patients. All of the variables were also determined at 2, 8, 16, and 20 weeks after the onset of the study. Results: The mean age of the group of metformin was 47.2 ± 10.4 compared with 45.8 ± 10.2 for the group of placebo. The difference in mean waist circumference and serum level of triglyceride at baseline compared with the end of study showed a statistically significant difference between two groups (P = 0. 000). A statistically significant difference was also observed in a comparison of mean difference of weight and body mass index at baseline compared with end of study (P = 0. 000). There was a statistically significant difference of fasting blood sugar (P = 0.011) and serum high-density lipoprotein (P = 0.000) between two groups but this difference was not significant for mean BPRS scores, mean systolic and diastolic blood pressure, serum level of triiodothyronine, thyroxin and thyroid stimulating hormone, serum low-density lipoprotein and serum cholesterol. Conclusion: Metformin could be considered an adjunctive therapy with clozapine to prevent metabolic syndrome in schizophrenic patients.
Leptin decreases food intake induced by melanin-concentrating hormone (MCH), galanin (GAL) and neuropeptide Y (NPY) in the rat.

Recent evidence suggests that leptin reduces food intake (FI) by acting at the hypothalamic level. Leptin decreases hypothalamic neuropeptide Y (NPY), melanin-concentrating hormone (MCH) and galanin (GAL) gene expression in rats. The purpose of the present study was to test the hypothesis that leptin decreases FI by additionally modulating the action of NPY, MCH or GAL in the hypothalamus. Intracerebroventricular (i.c.v.) administration of NPY, MCH or GAL induced FI in satiated rats. A prior i.c. v. injection of leptin (4 microg) completely prevented the increase of FI either by MCH, GAL or NPY. These results suggest that modulation of post-synaptic actions of MCH, GAL and NPY is one of the mechanisms of leptin signaling in the hypothalamus.
Planar‐Structure Perovskite Solar Cells with Efficiency beyond 21%

Low temperature solution processed planar‐structure perovskite solar cells gain great attention recently, while their power conversions are still lower than that of high temperature mesoporous counterpart. Previous reports are mainly focused on perovskite morphology control and interface engineering to improve performance. Here, this study systematically investigates the effect of precise stoichiometry, especially the PbI2 contents on device performance including efficiency, hysteresis and stability. This study finds that a moderate residual of PbI2 can deliver stable and high efficiency of solar cells without hysteresis, while too much residual PbI2 will lead to serious hysteresis and poor transit stability. Solar cells with the efficiencies of 21.6% in small size (0.0737 cm2) and 20.1% in large size (1 cm2) with moderate residual PbI2 in perovskite layer are obtained. The certificated efficiency for small size shows the efficiency of 20.9%, which is the highest efficiency ever recorded in planar‐structure perovskite solar cells, showing the planar‐structure perovskite solar cells are very promising.
A Comprehensive Cold Gas Performance Study of the Pocket Rocket Radiofrequency Electrothermal Microthruster

This paper presents computational fluid dynamics simulations of the cold gas operation of Pocket Rocket and Mini Pocket Rocket radiofrequency electrothermal microthrusters, replicating experiments performed in both sub-Torr and vacuum environments. This work takes advantage of flow velocity choking to circumvent the invalidity of modelling vacuum regions within a CFD simulation, while still preserving the accuracy of the desired results in the internal regions of the microthrusters. Simulated results of the plenum stagnation pressure is in precise agreement with experimental measurements when slip boundary conditions with the correct tangential momentum accommodation coefficients for each gas are used. Thrust and specific impulse is calculated by integrating the flow profiles at the exit of the microthrusters, and are in good agreement with experimental pendulum thrust balance measurements and theoretical expectations. For low thrust conditions where experimental instruments are not sufficiently sensitive, these cold gas simulations provide additional data points against which experimental results can be verified and extrapolated. The cold gas simulations presented in this paper will be used as a benchmark to compare with future plasma simulations of the Pocket Rocket microthruster.
Dynamin-dependent maintenance of epithelial integrity is essential for zebrafish epiboly

Epiboly, the thinning and spreading of one tissue over another, is a widely employed morphogenetic movement that is essential for the development of many organisms. In the zebrafish embryo, epiboly describes the coordinated vegetal movement of the deep cells, enveloping layer (EVL) and yolk syncytial layer (YSL) to engulf the yolk cell. Recently, we showed that the large GTPase Dynamin plays a fundamental role in epiboly in the early zebrafish embryo. Because Dynamin plays a well-described role in vesicle scission during endocytosis, we predicted that Dynamin might regulate epiboly through participating in bulk removal of the yolk cell membrane ahead of the advancing margin, a proposed part of the epiboly motor. Unexpectedly, we found that Dynamin function was dispensable in the yolk cell and instead, it was required to maintain the epithelial integrity of the EVL during epiboly. Here, we present a model describing the maintenance of EVL integrity, which is required for the proper generation and transmission of tension during epiboly. Furthermore, we discuss the role of Dynamin-mediated regulation of ezrin-radixin-moesin (ERM) family proteins in the maintenance of epithelial integrity.
Animal Models Used in Spinal Cord Regeneration Research

Study Design. A literature review was conducted. Objectives. To review animal models and injury paradigms used in the neurobiologic study of spinal cord regeneration, and to assist the spinal clinician in interpreting the many encouraging reports of potential therapies emerging from basic science laboratories. Summary of Background Data. An enormous amount of interest in spinal cord regeneration research has been generated within the past 20 years with the hope that experimental therapies will become available for individuals with spinal cord injuries. The use of various animal models in the laboratory setting has been critical to the development of such experimental therapies. Methods. A literature review was conducted. Results. Experimental interventions in animal models of spinal cord injury were evaluated both anatomically and functionally. Anatomic assessments use various histologic techniques and frequently include the use of anterograde and retrograde axonal tracers. Functional assessments can be performed neurophysiologically or by the observation of motor and sensory performance on a number of different tests. Sharp spinal cord injury paradigms in which the cord is completely or partially transected are useful for assessing axonal regeneration anatomically. In contrast, blunt injury models in which the cord is compressed or contused more accurately mimic the typical human injury and provide a good setting for the study of secondary pathophysiologic processes immediately after injury. Conclusions. Animal models will continue to play a critical role in the development of experimental therapies for spinal cord injuries. Both sharp and blunt spinal cord injury paradigms have unique characteristics that make them useful in addressing slightly different neurobiologic problems.
Specificity determinants of conjugative DNA processing in the Enterococcus faecalis plasmid pCF10 and the Lactococcus lactis plasmid pRS01

The DNA‐processing region of the Enterococcus faecalis pheromone‐responsive plasmid pCF10 is highly similar to that of the otherwise unrelated plasmid pRS01 from Lactococcus lactis. A transfer‐proficient pRS01 derivative was unable to mobilize plasmids containing the pCF10 origin of transfer, oriT. In contrast, pRS01 oriT‐containing plasmids could be mobilized by pCF10 at a low frequency. Relaxases PcfG and LtrB were both capable of binding to single‐stranded oriT DNAs; LtrB was highly specific for its cognate oriT, whereas PcfG could recognize both pCF10 and pRS01 oriT. However, pcfG was unable to complement an ltrB insertion mutation. Genetic analysis showed that pcfF of pCF10 and ltrF of pRS01 are also essential for plasmid transfer. Purified PcfF and LtrF possess double‐stranded DNA binding activities for the inverted repeat within either oriT sequence. PcfG and LtrB were recruited into their cognate F–oriT DNA complex through direct interactions with their cognate accessory protein. PcfG also could interact with LtrF when pCF10 oriT was present. In vivo cross‐complementation analysis showed that ltrF partially restored the pCF10ΔpcfF mutant transfer ability when provided in trans, whereas pcfF failed to complement an ltrF mutation. Specificity of conjugative DNA processing in these plasmids involves both DNA–protein and protein–protein interactions.
Magnetic Shape Memory Alloys as smart materials for micro-positioning devices

In the ﬁeld of microrobotics, actuators based on smart materials are predominant because of very good precision, integration capabilities and high compactness. This paper presents the main characteristics of Magnetic Shape Memory Alloys as new candidates for the design of micromechatronic devices. The thermo-magneto-mechanical energy conversion process is ﬁrst presented followed by the adequate modeling procedure required to design actuators. Finally, some actuators prototypes realized at the Femto-ST institute are presented, including a push-pull bidirectional actuator. Some results on the control and performances of these devices conclude the paper.