Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Extraordinary Mobility in Semiconducting Carbon Nanotubes

Semiconducting carbon nanotube transistors with channel lengths exceeding 300 microns have been fabricated. In these long transistors, carrier transport is diffusive and the channel resistance dominates the transport. Transport characteristics are used to extract the field-effect mobility (79 000 cm2/Vs) and estimate the intrinsic mobility (>100 000 cm2/Vs) at room temperature. These values exceed those for all known semiconductors, which bodes well for application of nanotubes in high-speed transistors, single- and few-electron memories, and chemical/biochemical sensors.
The Operon Encoding SubAB, a Novel Cytotoxin, Is Present in Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli Isolates from the United States

Diarrhea-associated hemolytic uremic syndrome (D+HUS) is thought to result from endothelial cell damage following gastrointestinal infection with Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli (STEC) ([10][1]); Shiga toxin (Stx) is regarded as the main virulence factor causing these microangiopathic
Mechanisms of Pancreatic Fibrosis

Pancreatic fibrosis, a characteristic histopathological feature of chronic pancreatitis, is no longer considered an epiphenomenon of chronic injury, but an active process that may be reversible in the early stages. The identification and characterization of pancreatic stellate cells (PSCs) in recent years has had a significant impact on research into pancreatic fibrogenesis. Accumulating evidence from both in vivo studies (using human pancreatic sections and experimental models of pancreatic fibrosis) and in vitro studies (using cultured pancreatic stellate cells) indicates a key role for activated PSCs in the fibrotic process. These cells are now known to be activated by ethanol and its metabolites and by several factors that are upregulated during pancreatic injury including growth factors, cytokines and oxidant stress. Based on this knowledge, potential antifibrotic strategies such as antioxidants and cytokine inhibition have been assessed in experimental models. Studies are also underway to characterise the signaling pathways/molecules responsible for mediating PSC activation, in order to identify potential therapeutic targets for the inhibition of PSC activation, thereby preventing or reversing the development of pancreatic fibrosis.
A microchip-controlling wireless power transfer system for sensor network

This paper introduced a wireless power transfer system controlled by a microchip board. Recently, wireless sensor network for structure health monitoring has been developed. However, battery consumption became an important problem, especially in structure health monitoring system, since maintenance costs huge human resources. Therefore, a wireless power transfer system is developed to supply sensor networks. This system works at 950MHz band, and the transmission rate is about -8dBm (about 140μW) at 10m's distance. After boost converter, power efficiency became 33%, which means there is less than 50μW can be stored into batteries. Moreover, a microchip board is used in this system to control and coordinate the whole transmission system, including the wireless modules. Comparing with power consumption of current microchip, 50μW is not enough. Therefore, power consumption control method is developed in this system.
The Epidemiology and Associated Phenomenology of Formal Thought Disorder: A Systematic Review.

BACKGROUND Authors of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual, Fifth Edition (DSM-V) have recommended to "integrate dimensions into clinical practice. " The epidemiology and associated phenomenology of formal thought disorder (FTD) have been described but not reviewed. We aimed to carry out a systematic review of FTD to this end. METHODS A systematic review of FTD literature, from 1978 to 2013, using Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. RESULTS A total of 881 abstracts were reviewed and 120 articles met inclusion criteria; articles describing FTD factor structure (n = 15), prevalence and longitudinal course (n = 41), role in diagnosis (n = 22), associated clinical variables (n = 56), and influence on outcome (n = 35) were included. Prevalence estimates for FTD in psychosis range from 5% to 91%. Dividing FTD into domains, by factor analysis, can accurately identify 91% of psychotic diagnoses. FTD is associated with increased clinical severity. Poorer outcomes are predicted by negative thought disorder, more so than the typical construct of "disorganized speech. " CONCLUSION FTD is a common symptom of psychosis and may be considered a marker of illness severity. Detailed dimensional assessment of FTD can clarify diagnosis and may help predict prognosis.
Isolation of the amplified dihydrofolate reductase domain from methotrexate-resistant Chinese hamster ovary cells

We isolated overlapping recombinant cosmids that represent the equivalent of two complete dihydrofolate reductase amplicon types from the methotrexate-resistant CHO cell line CHOC400. The type I amplicons are 260 kilobases long, are arranged in head-to-tail fashion, and represent 10 to 15% of the amplicons in the CHOC400 genome. The type II amplicons are 220 kilobases long, are arranged in head-to-head and tail-to-tail configurations, and constituted the majority of the remaining amplicons in CHOC400 cells. The type II amplicon sequences are represented entirely within the type I unit. These are the first complete amplicons to be cloned from a mammalian cell line.
Hypertension alters the function of nitrergic and sensory innervation in mesenteric arteries from female rats

Objectives To investigate whether hypertension could modify the function of adrenergic, nitrergic, and sensory innervations involved in the electrical field stimulation-induced response in mesenteric arteries from female rats. Methods Vascular reactivity experiments were performed in endothelium-denuded mesenteric arteries from normotensive, Wistar–Kyoto and spontaneously hypertensive female rats; protein expression was measured by western blot; nitric oxide release was measured by fluorometry; calcitonin gene-related peptide and noradrenaline release were determined by enzyme immunoassay. Results The electrical field stimulation-induced contractions were significantly lower in segments from spontaneously hypertensive rats than those of Wistar–Kyoto rats. Hypertension did not modify either the response or release of noradrenaline. Preincubation with the nitric oxide synthase inhibitor NG-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester increased the electrical field stimulation-induced contractions only in segments from Wistar–Kyoto rats. The relaxation induced by the nitric oxide donor sodium nitroprusside was similar in segments from both strains. The electrical field stimulation-induced nitric oxide release was decreased in segments from spontaneously hypertensive rats. The calcitonin gene-related peptide receptor antagonist CGRP(8–37) did not alter the electrical field stimulation-induced contractions in segments from Wistar–Kyoto rats but increased them in segments from spontaneously hypertensive rats. The calcitonin gene-related peptide-induced relaxation was increased in segments from spontaneously hypertensive rats. The expression of the 15-kDa active form of RAMP1 was increased in segments from spontaneously hypertensive rats. Conclusion In contrast to male rats, electrical field stimulation-induced contractions are decreased in hypertensive female rats. Nitrergic innervation plays a role in the development and/or maintenance of hypertension, whereas sensory innervation is a counteracting mechanism through the increased calcitonin gene-related peptide response.
Exploring Online Synthesis for CGRAs with Specialized Operator Sets

The design of energy-efficient systems has become a major challenge for engineers over the last decade. One way to save energy is to spread out computations in space rather than in time (as traditional processors do). Unfortunately, this requires to design specialized hardware for each application. Also, the nonrecurring expenses for the manufacturing of chips continuously grow. Implementing the computations on FPGAs and CGRAs solves this dilemma, as the non recurring expenses are shared between many different applications. We believe that online synthesis that takes place during the execution of an application is one way to broaden the applicability of reconfigurable architectures as no expert knowledge of synthesis and technologies is required. In this paper, we give a detailed analysis of the amount and specialization of resources in a CGRA that are required to grant a significant speedup of Java bytecode. In fact, we show that even a relatively small number of specialized reconfigurable resources is sufficient to speed up applications considerably. Particularly, we look at the number of dedicated multipliers and dividers. Also, we discuss the required number of concurrent memory access operations inside the CGRA. Again, it shows that two concurrent memory access operations are sufficient for almost all applications.
Individual Optimal Choice and Social Consensual Actions ∗-- On Logic Connotation and Practice Characteristics of fair distribution

Based on strategic integration among rational behavior of individuals, this paper proposes a definition of Social Consensual Actions in a sense of game equilibrium. One public player (with the objective function of social welfare function) is introduced, game theory and social choice theory are combined together to further propose the concept of socially optimal contract. As a tool, the paper respectively compares logical connotation and practice characteristics of several common fairness criteria, further discusses technique realization of the collective action calculation, and in an attempt to provide a new way of thinking for analyzing complex behavior relationships between individual and groups and solving real-world equitable distribution and other relative issues.
ADP-ribosylation of p21ras and related proteins by Pseudomonas aeruginosa exoenzyme S

Pseudomonas aeruginosa exoenzyme S ADP-ribosylates p21ras and several related proteins. ADP-ribosylation of p21ras does not alter interactions with guanine nucleotides. The ras-related GTP-binding proteins, including Rab3, Rab4, Ral, Rap1A, and Rap2, are also substrates; given these results, we propose a model for the role of exoenzyme S in pathogenesis.
Hepatitis B: encouraging the use of interferon

Purpose of review Hepatitis B is a major cause of hepatocellular carcinoma and liver cirrhosis. Interferon (IFN)-based therapies provide the highest likelihood of achieving off-treatment virological and serological control although their use is often avoided because of the side-effect profile. We review recent developments regarding the use of IFN in the treatment of chronic hepatitis B, including proposed strategies to enhance efficacy while limiting treatment exposure for patients who are unlikely to achieve acceptable treatment endpoints. Recent findings The utility of host genetics (human leukocyte antigen associations and interleukin 28B) is yet to be defined. In hepatitis B e antigen (HBeAg)-positive disease, add-on IFN therapy to patients on entecavir may allow curtailment of nucleos(t)ide analogue treatment. In HBeAg-negative disease, an on-treatment stopping rule that measures decline of hepatitis B surface antigen and hepatitis B virus DNA at 12 and 24 weeks may identify up to two-thirds of poor responders. Prolonging IFN therapy to 96 weeks in patients with HBeAg-negative disease may improve virological and serological response rates. The combination of telbivudine and IFN therapy is contraindicated because of high rates of peripheral neuropathy. Summary These findings need to be confirmed in larger trials before they can be instituted into routine clinical practice.
Role of radiotherapy, in particular intraluminal brachytherapy, in the treatment of proximal bile duct carcinoma.

PURPOSE To perform an analysis of the results obtained with radiotherapy in patients with either resectable or unresectable cholangiocarcinoma of the proximal bile ducts. Emphasis will be paid to analyse the role of radiotherapy, particularly brachytherapy. PATIENTS AND METHODS Between 1985 and 1997, 109 patients received radiotherapy. In 71 patients (group I) tumor resection was combined with postoperative irradiation in 52 patients and pre- plus post-operative irradiation in 19 patients. Among this group, 41 patients had a boost of 10 Gy to the biliodigestive anastomosis using intraluminal brachytherapy. Median total dose was between 50-55 Gy. The other 38 patients (group II) had an unresectable tumor at laparotomy (16 patients) or were considered primary unresectable because locoregional tumor extension (22 patients). Brachytherapy boost through a nasobiliary approach was given to 19 patients (22-25 Gy). The median total dose varied between 60 to 68 Gy. Mean follow-up was 25 +/- 23 months. RESULTS In group I, the survival rates at 1, 3, and 5 year were 84%, 37%, and 24%, respectively. Median survival was 24 months. Sixteen patients did live longer than 4 years. Analysis of prognostic factors among resected patients showed the tumor differentiation grade, microscopically involved margins other than the upper (hepatic) and lower (choledocus) resection parameters analysed, only the total dose had influence on margins, and elevated alkaline phosphatase as factors which significantly influence survival. From the different radiotherapy prognosis, patients receiving a total dose above 55 Gy had a shorter survival. It is important to note that patients receiving brachytherapy boost did not have a better survival than patients treated with external beam irradiation alone. Preoperative radiotherapy did not have impact on survival but recurrences in the surgical scars were not observed as compared to 15% recurrences if preoperative radiotherapy was not given. In group II the median survival was 10.4 months. Survival rates at 1 and 2 year were 43% and 10%, respectively. The only significant prognostic factor found was if unresectability was defined primarily or during laparotomy. As it was the case in group I, brachytherapy boost did not have influence on prognosis as compared to external beam irradiation alone. Observed late complications consisted of duodenal stenosis, upper digestive tract bleeding and cholangitis. Probably these complications were not only attributable to radiotherapy, as tumor relapse was also present in the majority of the cases. CONCLUSIONS The role of radiotherapy either as adjuvant or as primary treatment remains to be demonstrated in prospective randomised studies. From our results, it seems that high radiation doses could be dangerous and could detriment prognosis. Brachytherapy boost was not superior to treatment with external beam irradiation alone.
Government grants, private R&D funding and innovation efficiency in transition economy

Although the development of the high-tech industry is part of the national agenda of many countries, particularly transition economies, few studies have analysed innovation efficiency in countries with environments unfavourable to high-tech industry development. This study explores the relationships of government grants, private R&D funding and innovation efficiencies of the high-tech industry in China. We use a stochastic frontier analysis model to study the roles of government and market mechanisms in high-tech industry innovation from 1995 to 2008. Findings show that government grants do not crowd out private funding, but stimulate private R&D expenditure. Private R&D funding has positively influenced innovation in the Chinese high-tech industry, and efficiency potentials are widely under-exploited. Additionally, government grants are observed to negatively impact innovation by large firms in the Chinese high-tech industry. Furthermore, we reveal that human capital can promote the innovation performance of high-tech firms, excepting those of medium scale. The findings provide insightful perspectives on China's high-tech industry.
Structural basis for distinct functions of the naturally occurring Cys mutants of human apolipoprotein A-I[S]

HDL removes cell cholesterol and protects against atherosclerosis. ApoA-I provides a flexible structural scaffold and an important functional ligand on the HDL surface. We propose structural models for apoA-IMilano (R173C) and apoA-IParis (R151C) mutants that show high cardioprotection despite low HDL levels. Previous studies established that two apoA-I molecules encircle HDL in an antiparallel, helical double-belt conformation. Recently, we solved the atomic structure of lipid-free Δ(185–243)apoA-I and proposed a conformational ensemble for apoA-IWT on HDL. Here we modify this ensemble to understand how intermolecular disulfides involving C173 or C151 influence protein conformation. The double-belt conformations are modified by belt rotation, main-chain unhinging around Gly, and Pro-induced helical bending, and they are verified by comparison with previous experimental studies and by molecular dynamics simulations of apoA-IMilano homodimer. In our models, the molecular termini repack on various-sized HDL, while packing around helix-5 in apoA-IWT, helix-6 in apoA-IParis, or helix-7 in apoA-IMilano homodimer is largely conserved. We propose how the disulfide-induced constraints alter the protein conformation and facilitate dissociation of the C-terminal segment from HDL to recruit additional lipid. Our models unify previous studies of apoA-IMilano and demonstrate how the mutational effects propagate to the molecular termini, altering their conformations, dynamics, and function.
Effects of continuous positive airway pressure on nasal and pharyngeal symptoms in patients with obstructive sleep apnea *

*Study carried out in the Sleep Laboratory of the Department of Pulmonology, Instituto do Coração do Hospital das Clínicas, Faculade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo – FMUSP Correspondence to: Geraldo Lorenzi-Filho. Av. Dr. Enéas de Carvalho Aguiar, 44 – Laboratório do Sono – 70 andar – Bloco 1 – 05403-000 – São Paulo – S.P. Submitted: 22 September 2003. Accepted, after review: 18 August 2004. Background: Nasal and pharyngeal symptoms are common in patients with obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA) treated with nasal continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP). However, these symptoms are common in OSA patients even before the treatment.
A Genetic Screen for Nitrate Regulatory Mutants Captures the Nitrate Transporter Gene NRT1.11[W][OA]

Nitrate regulatory mutants (nrg) of Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) were sought using a genetic screen that employed a nitrate-inducible promoter fused to the yellow fluorescent protein marker gene YFP. A mutation was identified that impaired nitrate induction, and it was localized to the nitrate regulatory gene NLP7, demonstrating the validity of this screen. A second, independent mutation (nrg1) mapped to a region containing the NRT1.1 (CHL1) nitrate transporter gene on chromosome 1. Sequence analysis of NRT1.1 in the mutant revealed a nonsense mutation that truncated the NRT1.1 protein at amino acid 301. The nrg1 mutation disrupted nitrate regulation of several endogenous genes as induction of three nitrate-responsive genes (NIA1, NiR, and NRT2.1) was dramatically reduced in roots of the mutant after 2-h treatment using nitrate concentrations from 0.25 to 20 mm. Another nrt1.1 mutant (deletion mutant chl1-5) showed a similar phenotype. The loss of nitrate induction in the two nrt1.1 mutants (nrg1 and chl1-5) was not explained by reduced nitrate uptake and was reversed by nitrogen deprivation. Microarray analysis showed that nitrate induction of 111 genes was reduced and of three genes increased 2-fold or more in the nrg1 mutant. Genes involved in nitrate assimilation, energy metabolism, and pentose-phosphate pathway were most affected. These results strongly support the model that NRT1.1 acts as a nitrate regulator or sensor in Arabidopsis.
Global service space for workflow as a service

Web service has been considered to have a tremendous impact on the web. However, despite the outstanding progress their uptake on a Web-scale has been significantly less prominent than initially anticipated. Isolated service islands without links to related services have hampered service discovery and composition. In this paper, we propose a methodology to connect isolated service islands into global social service network for service composition. First, we will give a definition of the Social Link for connecting isolated services. Then we propose global social service network for service composition. And then based on global social service network, we propose a method to provide users workflow as a service considering node-reduction for better performance. Finally, experiment result shows our approach can provide workflow as a service effectively.
MEMS Sensor Based Approach for Gesture Recognition to Control Media in Computer

Gesture Recognition is the method of identifying and understanding meaningful movements of the arms, hands, face, or sometimes head. It is one of the most important aspects in the field of Human-Computer interface. There has been a continuous research in this field because of its ability for application in user interfaces. Gesture Recognition is one of the important areas of research for engineers and scientists. Nowadays the industry is working on the different implementation for the trouble free, natural and easy product which can be easy to handle. This paper proposed a method to work with motion sensors and interpret the motion of hand into various applications in a virtual interface. The Micro-Electro-Mechanical Systems (MEMS) accelerometers are used to capture the dynamic hand gesture. these sensors information is transferred to the microcontroller from where these data are transferred wirelessly to the computer system for actual processing of the data with the use of various algorithms.
Robust stabilization of ship course by convex optimization

For ship course control, this paper presents a novel nonlinear controller design method using the sum of squares (SOS) technique combined with the dual of Lyapunov's stability theorem based on density function. Varying load condition and ship speed are seen as uncertainty, and then the robust nonlinear controller is also designed based on the suggested method. Simulations are performed by taking ocean-going ship model as an example.
Discrete Wavelet Transform based colon polyp detection using synthesize similarity measure

The most the most dangerous cancer is colon cancer. The premature version of this type of cancer is the colon polyp. The death ration for this type of cancer is almost 10:9.2 for men: women [1]. Only one prevention of this is the very early diagnosis. In this paper a robust and novel work is proposed for detecting this colon cancer using Discrete Wavelet Transform (DWT). For this detection two sets of videos are taken from American College of Gastroenterology [3], actually these two videos are fissure into number of image samples. A novel Wavelet Transform is applied on each image sample followed by edge detection technique using Otsu edge detection process. For extracting the features of those images Principle Component Analysis (PCA) is executed for reduction of the features. A potent classification, Synthesize Similarity Measure (SSM) algorithm is opted for the classifying the disease. This fast and ameliorated process (DWT_SSM) gives the best result (almost 99.1% best result, 98.82% average result) when comparing with other benchmark and conventional procedures.