Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Managerial Ability and Value Relevance of Earnings

We examine how management ability affects the extent to which capital markets rely on earnings to value equity. Using a measure of ability that captures a management team’s capacity of generating revenues with a given level of resources compared to other industry-peers, we find a strong positive association between managerial ability and the value relevance of earnings. Additional tests show that our results are robust to controlling for earnings attributes and investment efficiency. We use propensity score matching and 2-SLS instrumental variable approaches to deal with the issue of endogeneity. For further identification, we examine CEO turnover and find that newly hired CEOs with better managerial abilities than the replaced CEOs increase value relevance of earnings. We identify weak corporate governance and product market power as the two important channels through which superior management practices play important role in the corporate decision-making process that positively influence the value relevance of earnings. Overall, our findings suggest that better managers make accounting information significantly more relevant in the market valuation of equity.
Sleep Patterns among US Latinos by Nativity and Country of Origin: Results from the National Health Interview Survey.

Background Sparse data exist to describe national population-level trends in short sleep duration among Latinos. Because short sleep duration is associated with several health conditions that are common in Latinos, such as obesity, diabetes, and hypertension, understanding sleep trends among this population may be key to reducing their disease burden. This study aimed to document Latino subgroup differences in self-reported sleep duration by nativity and country of origin relative to Whites. Design and Setting Pooled cross-sectional analysis of self-reported data from the National Health and Interview Survey (NHIS), 2004-2017. Participants 303,244 respondents, aged 18 to 84 years, who self-identified as non-Latino US-born White, US-born Mexican, foreign-born Mexican, US-born Puerto Rican, island-born Puerto Rican, US-born Cuban, foreign-born Cuban, US-born Dominican, foreign-born Dominican, US-born Central/South American, foreign-born Central/South American, US-born "other" Latino, and foreign-born "other" Latino. Methods Multinomial logistic regression models were used to predict sleep duration controlling for demographics, acculturation, socioeconomic, and health-related factors. Results We found that all Latino subgroups (except US-born Cubans) were more likely to report poor sleep duration relative to non-Latino Whites, net of demographic, acculturation, socioeconomic, and health-related characteristics. However, the magnitude of disadvantage varies by Latino subgroup. We also found that poor sleep duration is concentrated among certain age groups for the various Latino subpopulations. Conclusions Given that Latinos in the United States are at higher risk for obesity, diabetes, and hypertension, understanding the patterns of sleep among this population can help identify strategies to improve sleep habits in order to reduce disease burden.
Performance of FRAX in Predicting Fractures in US Postmenopausal Women with Varied Race and Genetic Profiles

Background: Whether the Fracture Risk Assessment Tool (FRAX) performed differently in estimating the 10-year fracture probability in women of different genetic profiling and race remained unclear. Methods: The genomic data in the Women’s Health Initiative (WHI) study was analyzed (n = 23,981). The genetic risk score (GRS) was calculated from 14 fracture-associated single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) for each participant. FRAX without bone mineral density (BMD) was used to estimate fracture probability. Results: FRAX significantly overestimated the risk of major osteoporotic fracture (MOF) in the WHI study. The most significant overestimation was observed in women with low GRS (predicted/observed ratio (POR): 1.61, 95% CI: 1.45–1.79) specifically Asian women (POR: 3.5, 95% CI 2.48–4.81) and in African American women (POR: 2.59, 95% CI: 2.33–2.87). Compared to the low GRS group, the 10-year probability of MOF adjusted for the FRAX score was 21% and 30% higher in the median GRS group and high GRS group, respectively. Asian, African American, and Hispanic women respectively had a 78%, 76%, and 56% lower hazard than Caucasian women after the FRAX score was adjusted. The results were similar for hip fractures. Conclusions: Our study suggested the FRAX performance varies significantly by both genetic profile and race in postmenopausal women.
Civil disobedience movements such as School Strike for the Climate are raising public awareness of the climate change emergency

Abstract The IPCC (Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change) "Special Report on Global Warming of 1.5°C" presented the ambitious target of needing to achieve zero net emissions by 2050 in order to meet the goals of the Paris Agreement (IPCC, 2018). This report led some governments and jurisdictions to declare a climate emergency (Climate Emergency Declaration, 2019) and prompted the rise of movements of activism and civil disobedience such as the School Strike for the Climate and Extinction Rebellion. The reach of these civil actions extends beyond those directly involved, potentially increasing wider public awareness of climate change. Here, we examine trends in indicators of this wider public awareness and engagement and compare these with major global movements of civil disobedience focussed on climate, the release of substantive climate reports, and global governmental gatherings on climate change. We show that these global movements may be increasing public awareness of, and stimulating public engagement with, issues of climate change. Civil disobedience movements such as School Strike for the Climate are raising public awareness of the climate change emergency. Global Change Biology, Online First 1-3.
Tilburg University Which is in front of Chinese people : Past or Future ?

Recent research shows that Chinese, when they gesture about time, tend to put the past “ahead” and the future “behind”. Do they think of time in the way as suggested by their gestures? In this study we investigate whether Chinese people explicitly have such past-in-front mappings. In experiment 1 we show that when time conceptions are constructed with neutral wording (without spatial metaphors), Chinese people are more likely to have a pastin-front-mapping than Spaniards. This could be due to cultural differences in temporal focus of attention, in that Chinese people are more past-oriented than Europeans. However, additional experiments (2 & 3) show that, independent of culture, Chinese people’s past-in-front mapping is sensitive to the wording of sagittal spatial metaphors. In comparison to a neutral condition, they have more past-in-front mappings when time conceptions are constructed with past-in-front spatial metaphors (“front day”, means the day before yesterday), whereas fewer pastin-front mappings are constructed with future-in-front metaphors. There thus appear to be both long-term effects of cultural attitudes on the spatialization of time, and also immediate effects of the space-time metaphors used to probe people’s mental representations.
NELL2RDF: Reading the Web, Tracking the Provenance, and Publishing it as Linked Data

NELL is a system that continuously reads the Web to extract knowledge in the form of entities and relations between them. It has been running since January 2010 and extracted over 450 million candidate statements, 28 million of which remain in iteration 1100. NELL’s generated data comprises all the candidate statements, together with detailed metadata information about how it was generated. This information includes how each component of the system contributed to the extraction of the statement, as well as when that happened and how confident the system is in the veracity of the statement. However, the data is only available in an ad hoc CSV format that makes it difficult to exploit out of the context of NELL. In order to make it more usable for other communities, we adopt Linked Data principles to publish a more standardized, self-describing dataset with rich provenance metadata.
The effectiveness of pre- and post-shadowing in improving listening comprehension skills

This study examines the effectiveness of preand post-shadowing for the improvement of listening comprehension skills. Two groups of Japanese university freshmen participated in the experiments (Pre-shadowing group: 27 males, 5 females; Post-shadowing group: 5 males, 19 females). The instructor gave 8 lessons, and both groups used the same textbook. The pre-shadowing group learned new vocabulary and content for the target passage, and then engaged in shadowing training; Post-shadowing group started with shadowing training, and then exclusively learned new vocabulary and content. The results show that the post-shadowing group improved their listening comprehension skills. The results are discussed in terms of learners’ anxiety and attention, difficulty of the target passages, and the activation of prior knowledge.
The Adoption of Internet Banking: Clients' Perspective in Oman

Internet Banking enables clients to manage their accounts or carrying out their work related to the bank via the Internet, whether at home, office or from any place and at any time he/she desires to do. Hence, the main objective of our paper is to identify the adoption level of internet banking among the clients of Omani banks. Therefore, the technology acceptance model (TAM) is utilized to examine effect of perceived usefulness (PU), and perceived ease of use (PEOU) on clients’ intention to adopt internet banking in sultanate of Oman. To accomplish this goal a manual questionnaire was administered to collect the requested data to test the clients’ intention to adopt internet banking. Multiple regression test was used to analyze the collected data and test the hypotheses of the paper. The findings show that the TAM model interpreted 56.3% of the variance in clients’ intention to adopt internet banking. Both constructs’ (PU, and PEOU) have a significant influence on clients’ acceptance of internet banking. The results of the study are discussed.
lemah. Sistem keamanan instant message yang sudah berjalan masih dinilai rawan terhadap beberapa serangan seperti brute-force dan sniffing, sedangkan AES dan kerberos memberikan jaminan otentikasi yang handal dan sistem enkripsi yang sangat kuat sehingga tahan terhadap berbagai serangan cyber sepert

In this study AES and Kerberos is used to optimize the security system on instant message so that a text message is sent securely through on goal. The addition and incorporation of AES with Kerberos is used to improve the efficiency of security primarily on user authentication and file encryption text message. The test results showed a AES and kerberos able to optimize the security system instant message. Percentage of instant message security system applications in the study reached 95 %, derived from the percentage of test data and the success rate error test results. AES 256 had 14 round keys with a key length of 256 bits, hence AES encrypted file has a powerful message.
Gradient Descent 2 1960 s 3 The First AI Winter

Artificial Intelligence performs gradient descent. The AI field discovers a path of success, and then travels that path until progress stops (when a local minimum is reached). Then, the field resets and chooses a new path, thus repeating the process. If this trend continues, AI should soon reach a local minimum, causing the next AI winter. However, recent methods provide an opportunity to escape the local minimum. To continue recent success, it is necessary to compare the current progress to all prior progress in AI.
: Privacy on Mobile Devices – It ’ s Complicated

Modern mobile devices place a wide variety of sensors and services within the personal space of their users. As a result, these devices are capable of transparently monitoring many sensitive aspects of these users’ lives (e.g., location, health, or correspondences). Users typically trade access to this data for convenient applications and features, in many cases without a full appreciation of the nature and extent of the information that they are exposing to a variety of third parties. Nevertheless, studies show that users remain concerned about their privacy and vendors have similarly been increasing their utilization of privacy-preserving technologies in these devices. Still, despite significant efforts, these technologies continue to fail in fundamental ways, leaving users’ private data exposed. In this work, we survey the numerous components of mobile devices, giving particular attention to those that collect, process, or protect users’ private data. Whereas the individual components have been generally well studied and understood, examining the entire mobile device ecosystem provides significant insights into its overwhelming complexity. The numerous components of this complex ecosystem are frequently built and controlled by different parties with varying interests and incentives. Moreover, most of these parties are unknown to the typical user. The technologies that are employed to protect the users’ privacy typically only do so within a small slice of this ecosystem, abstracting away the greater complexity of the system. Our analysis suggests that this abstracted complexity is the major cause of many privacy-related vulnerabilities, and that a fundamentally new, holistic, approach to privacy is needed going forward. We thus highlight various existing technology gaps and propose several promising research directions for addressing and reducing this complexity.
PAPR Reduction Based on Genetic Algorithm for PTS Wavelet-OFDM Systems

One of the most attractive candidate waveforms used in 5G systems is based the orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) technology for its robustness against frequency selective fading and its high spectral efficiency. However, it suffers from high peak-to-average power ratio (PAPR) drawback. The partial transmit sequence (PTS) approach is used for reducing the PAPR of the wavelet-OFDM (WOFDM) system without signal distortion. In this paper, a modified PAPR reduction approach using a PTS-WOFDM based on genetic algorithm (GA) is proposed. The simulation results show that the proposed system provides PAPR reduction gain of 0.11 dB and 0.46 dB compared to optimum PTS-OFDM and PTS-OFDM based GA systems respectively. Also, the search complexity of the proposed GA based PTS-WOFDM system is significantly reduced by 97.25% compared to the optimum PTS-OFDM.
The effectiveness of touchscreen-based attentional bias modification to thin body stimuli on state rumination

ABSTRACT Ruminative thinking is considered a vulnerability factor for eating disorder symptomatology. Research suggests that attentional bias to body shape stimuli may serve to underpin this maladaptive form of emotion regulation. The current study aimed to determine the direct effect of attentional bias to thin-ideal bodies on state depressive rumination. Additionally, this study sought to evaluate the efficacy of attentional bias modification (ABM) utilising a touchscreen device. A well-established ABM protocol, the modified dot probe task, was used for both attentional assessment and training. Female undergraduate students (N = 110) completed an ABM session where attention was trained either towards, or away from, thin-ideal body images. Pre- and post-attentional training, participants completed the dot probe task, as well as a state measure of depressive rumination. Results revealed that the ABM training induced a greater attentional bias to thin-ideal bodies in the attend-thin training condition than in the avoid-thin training condition. Furthermore, induced attentional avoidance of thin-ideal bodies led to a significant reduction in state depressive rumination. The current findings suggest that touchscreen-based ABM is effective in modifying patterns of attentional bias and state depressive rumination.
Minimally invasive multivessel coronary bypass surgery: Angiographic patency data

Minimally invasive multivessel coronary artery bypass grafting (MIM CABG) has demonstrated its safety, effectiveness and high rate of reproducibility. However, minithoracotomy CABG is still rarely performed. In this study, we retrospectively analyze the CT‐angiographic graft patency rates for the patients subjected to this operation.
Experimental Study on Shared Bike Use Behavior under Bounded Rational Theory and Credit Supervision Mechanism

As a new travel model, the bike-sharing system (BSS) solves the ‘last kilometer’ problem and has developed rapidly for its convenience. However, many accompanying problems have emerged. In China, parking violation problems—such as severe traffic congestion—are caused by dock-less shared bikes. Furthermore, a large number of shared bikes have to be scrapped early for vandalism. As a special form of public good, bike-sharing also faces the dilemma of negative externalities. Seeking a solution, Mobike has conducted a credit supervision mechanism, which transfers the users’ different behavior to credits for user behavior regulation, but with unsatisfactory results. The goal of the paper is to test the validity of credit supervision mechanism from user’s perspective to regulate the abuse of sharing bike by simulating the use scenario of BSS in real life in a lab experiment based on induced value theory. The behavioral and pre- and post-experiment survey data were thoroughly analyzed. The results show that, within a negative context, the credit supervision system has a more significant effect on inducing proper user behavior, which improves after adding a real-time feedback mechanism. Finally, we provide effective suggestions to policy makers and shared bike companies for inducing positive user behavior.
Spatiotemporal variability of inorganic nitrogen stocks and uptake fluxes in the scotia-weddell confluence area during november and december 1988

Distributions of nitrate and ammonium and corresponding uptake fluxes were investigated in the Scotia-Weddell Confluence area during EPOS LEG 2 (November and December 1988) on board RV 'Polarstern'. In this area a central low-salinity and low-nitrate compartment extends southward from the Scotia Front over 1 to 1.5-degrees-latitude. High ammonium concentrations and marked nitrate depletions indicate an enhanced biological activity in this part of the ocean. By means of the uptake rates, obtained from N-15 incubations, and of nitrate depletion data it is proved that this marginal ice zone ecosystem shifts from predominantly new production based (highest f-ratio 0.83) to regenerated production based (lowest f-ratio 0.30) after some 3 wk. This transition corresponds with the change from a higher diatom presence to a higher flagellate presence in the phytoplankton community. Moreover, it is in agreement with the described sudden termination of export fluxes in the Weddell Sea.
Image Tag Core Generation

In this paper, we explore the task of tag aggregations or merge of tags meanings for the video and image. In our work, based on our previous research we try to merge tag meanings of video files. We present the result of our experiments using word2vec and clustering algorithms. For our experiments, we use the auto-tagging program from Imagga company as the generating program. As data, we use 5 videos which were split into shots for future processing. Our experiments showed that such clustering algorithms as k-means and Affinity propagation could not be used for aggregation tag meanings. We used word2vec model from spaCy software library and combined the similarity score with score from the auto-tagging program. Our results are not very excellent but better than for clustering algorithms. We received F mean - measure = 0.62. For a detailed analysis of this task, we need to create a dataset with human annotations. It will help to evaluate the F mean -measure of our approach more precision.
Retrieval and Timing Performance of Chewing-Based Eating Event Detection in Wearable Sensors

We present an eating detection algorithm for wearable sensors based on first detecting chewing cycles and subsequently estimating eating phases. We term the corresponding algorithm class as a bottom-up approach. We evaluated the algorithm using electromyographic (EMG) recordings from diet-monitoring eyeglasses in free-living and compared the bottom-up approach against two top-down algorithms. We show that the F1 score was no longer the primary relevant evaluation metric when retrieval rates exceeded approx. 90%. Instead, detection timing errors provided more important insight into detection performance. In 122 hours of free-living EMG data from 10 participants, a total of 44 eating occasions were detected, with a maximum F1 score of 99.2%. Average detection timing errors of the bottom-up algorithm were 2.4 ± 0.4 s and 4.3 ± 0.4 s for the start and end of eating occasions, respectively. Our bottom-up algorithm has the potential to work with different wearable sensors that provide chewing cycle data. We suggest that the research community report timing errors (e.g., using the metrics described in this work).
A new combination of 4-hydroxyisoleucine and small dose amlodipine against DOCA-induced hypertension in rats : A comparative and mechanistic study 1

Background: 4-Hydroxyisoleucine (4-OH-Ile) represents a new treatment of diabetes, dyslipidemia and subsequent complications. Amlodipine (AML) is an antihypertensive with many dose-related side effects. Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the effects of 4-OHIle and small dose amlodipine (s-AML) against DOCA-induced hypertension in rats, with comparison with high h-AML and the possible mechanisms. Methods: 48 adult male albino rats were divided into 6 groups (n = 8): control group: received vehicles: 0.3 mL olive oil/week subcutaneously and distilled water 1 ml/kg/day orally for 4 weeks (4w), DOCA group: received DOCA 50 mg/kg/week in vehicle subcutaneously and 1% NaCl drink for 4w, 4-OH-Ile/DOCA group: received 4-OH-Ile 50 mg/kg/day orally and DOCA/saline as above, sAML/DOCA group: received s-AML 2 mg/kg/day orally and DOCA/saline for 4w, h-AML/DOCA group: received h-AML 10 mg/kg/day orally and DOCA/saline, s-AML/4-OH-Ile/DOCA group: received s-AML, 4-OH-Ile and DOCA/saline for 4w. After 4-weeks, the parameters of blood pressures, lipids and oxidant/antioxidant status were estimated. Results: 4-OH-Ile/s-AML prevented DOCA-induced changes: it decreased SABP, DABP, serum CK-MB, LDH, cholesterol, triglycerides and LDL and cardiac tissue MDA, and increased cardiac TAC and serum HDL. These results had insignificant differences when compared to control and h-AML/DOCA rats. Conclusion: 4-OH-Ile/s-AML is an effective antihypertensive combination in rats, due to its ability to scavenge oxidants and improve cardiac function.