Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Lipid digestion in cystic fibrosis: comparison of conventional and high-lipase enzyme therapy using the mixed-triglyceride breath test.

BACKGROUND Fat maldigestion occurs in most patients with cystic fibrosis. Conventional pancreatic enzyme replacement therapy partially corrects this defect. In this study, the mixed-triglyceride breath test was used to evaluate whether high-lipase enzymes are equivalent to conventional enzymes in improving fat maldigestion in children with cystic fibrosis. METHODS Fat digestion was studied in 11 patients with a mean age of 10.5 years. The mean intake of conventional enzyme capsules a day was 19. Four 13C mixed-triglyceride tests were performed on separate days and in random order. One test was taken without enzyme substitution, one with three capsules of 8,000 FIP units Creon (pancreatinum, Kali-chemie Pharma, Hannover, Germany) and one with one capsule of 25,000 FIP units. The fourth test was made with 13C octanoic acid to study gastric emptying time. RESULTS Without enzyme intake, the mean cumulative percentage of 13C dose exhaled after 6 hours was 7.2+/-3.7%. This increased to 14.4+/-4% with intake of conventional pancreatinum and to 14.3+/-5.1% with intake of high-lipase pancreatinum (p = 0.0008 for both; paired t-test). There was no difference between both treatments. Also, the time course of 13C exhalation measured by percentage of 13CO2 exhaled per hour did not differ between enzyme treatments. CONCLUSIONS The 13C mixed-triglyceride test is noninvasive and documents improved lipid digestion with pancreatic enzyme replacement therapy. If the lipase dose is kept constant, results obtained with high-lipase preparations are equivalent to those obtained with conventional preparations.
Long-term oxygen therapy

Long-term oxygen therapy (LTOT) is the provision of oxygen therapy to a patient at home for at least 15 hours a day, usually for the duration of the remainder of the individual’s life. There are at least 85 000 people prescribed home oxygen in England alone, and many of these patients are assessed and monitored in primary care, with the aid of respiratory specialists from secondary care within a multi-disciplinary team. This article outlines the indications and assessments required for the prescription of LTOT, the cautions and contraindications to home oxygen use, and the practicalities of instigation, delivery and monitoring. The article does not cover nocturnal oxygen therapy, ambulatory oxygen therapy or short-burst oxygen therapy.
Impact of nutrition education on knowledge, attitude and practice of adolescent girls about dietary calcium according to health belief model (HBM).

Introduction: Adolescence is a state or process of growing up from puberty to maturity. Adequate dietary calcium is needed to permit optimal gains in bone mass and density in the prepubertal and adolescent years. These gains are especially critical for girls because the accumulated bone may provide additional protection against osteoporosis in the years after menopause. Dietary calcium knowledge of dietary calcium sources is a first step toward increasing the intake of calcium-rich foods. The present study has been elucidated to see the impact of nutrition education on knowledge, attitude and practice (KAP) of adolescent girls about dietary calcium. The theoretical bases for the research were the Health Belief Model (HBM). Materials and methods: In a Controlled trial, a total of 188 (95 cases and 93 controls) female junior high school students in the age group of 14-18 years were selected randomly from two schools of Ahvaz, Iran. Both two groups completed a KAP validated and reliable pre-questionnaire (40 questions) that was developed based on the following HBM domains: perceived susceptibility, perceived severity, perceived benefits, perceived barriers, cues to action, and health behavior action for dietary calcium intake. Case group participated in eight nutrition education sessions of half an hour for the period of three months through lecture cum discussion method based on components of the HBM using charts, leaflets, and demonstrations. After nutrition education, above questionnaire was again given to two groups for filling to adjudge the gain in level of nutrition KAP of each subject. Data were collected at two points: before the intervention and one month after the intervention and analyzed with paired and independent sample T-tests by SPSS # 17. Results: There were no significant differences between 2 groups in mean knowledge, attitude and practice scores before education. In case group, nutrition education improved their mean nutrition attitude scores significantly (P<0.049) from 29.7±3.9 to 32.6±4.1. Similarly, the case' practice increased significantly (P<0.005) from 24.3±5.2 to 25.5±4.8. In control group, the mean nutrition knowledge, attitude and practice scores did not significantly increased after education . After intervention, nutrition knowledge increased significantly (P<0.006) in case group from 29.7±3.9 to 32.6±4.1. But in comparison to control group, this difference was not significant. Discussion and conclusion: The findings of this study demonstrated that nutrition education program based on HBM is an effective measure to bring about the favorable and significant change in adolescent girls KAP about dietary calcium intake.
In Vitro Comparative Study on Antiherpetic Effect of Chlorhexidine and Persica Mouthwashes with Acyclovir

Introduction: Recurrent intraoral herpes in one of the common oral diseases that causes painful ulcers and viral shedding. The question was if chlorhexidine and persica mouthwashes has antiviral effects comparing to acyclovir. Materials and Methods: In this experimental study, virucidal effects of both mouthwashes were examined, before and after HSV-1 infection of the vero cells, in the presence of various concentrations ( , , /8) of mouthwashes applied at different time intervals(0.5,1,5 minutes), by using quantal assays then were compared with acyclovir. The data were analyzed by one way and two way ANOVA. Results: Before inoculation, both mouthwashes showed virucidal effects on HSV-1, at all concentrations and persica showed more virucidal effect than chlorhexidine and acyclovir (p=0.0001,p= 0.04, respectively). After virus inoculation although persica and chlorhexidine indicated antiviral effect, this already were so far less than that of acyclovir which caused more significant reduction on virus titer (p=0.0001). Conclusion: Because of the better direct anti-HSV effect of the herbal mouthwash, persica, and its less side effects than chlorhexidine, it can be used for reduction of oral fluid contamination caused by viral shedding and also reduction of infectivity of oral ulcers. Keyword: Herbal mouthwash, chemical mouthwash, acyclovir, HSV1, ulcer oral.
Learning Filter-Based Motion Features for Dynamic Scene Analysis

[1] K. G. Derpanis and R. P. Wildes. Spacetime texture representation and recognition based on a spatiotemporal orientation analysis. PAMI, 2012. [2] D. J. Heeger. Model for the extraction of image flow. J. Opt. Soc. Am. A, 1987. [3] K. Simonyan and A. Zisserman. Two-stream convolutional networks for action recognition in videos. NIPS Spotlight, 2014. [4] F. Solari, M. Chessa, and P. Medathati, N. Kornprobst. What can we expect from a V1-MT feedforward architecture for optical flow estimation ? , Signal Processing: Image Communication, 2015. [5] D. Teney and M. Brown. Segmentation of dynamic scenes with distributions of spatiotemporally oriented energies. In BMVC, 2014. Time Vertical pattern moving at 0.5 px/fr.
EFFECTS OF OXIDATIVE STRESS CAUSED BY ACUTE AND REGULAR EXERCISE ON LEVELS OF SOME SERUM METABOLITES AND THE ACTIVITIES OF PARAOXONASE AND ARYLESTERASE

Regular exercise practice has a protective role on coronary heart disease and empowers antioxidant defense system, whereas acute exercise induces oxidative stress. The aims of this study were to investigate the effects of oxidative stress on the levels of serum paraoxonase (PON1) and arylesterase activities, HDL-cholesterol (HDL), malondialdehyde (MDA) and various lipid parameters in regular exercised individuals and to compare them with those of acute exercised and sedentary persons. The study was carried out on three groups called regular exercise group (REG), acute exercise group (AEG) and sedentary group (SG) that consisted of respectively 23 healthy individuals having 6.0±2.50 year sport age and regular physical and conditional sport activities 3 hours a day for last 6 months, 24 healthy subjects performing acute exercise 3 days a week for 3 months and 26 healthy men with no sport activity. The levels of PON1 and arylesterase activities and MDA in REG were 221.96±35.66 U·L -1 , 103.85±28.93 U·ml -1 and 1.836±0.31 nmol·ml -1 , respectively. The levels of serum creatine kinase (CK) (125.29±81.86 U·ml -1 ), MDA (1.215±0.32 nmol·ml -1 ) and PON1 activity (184.68±33.37 U·L -1 ) displayed statistically significant differences in AEG compared with REG (p 0.05). HDL levels in AEG and REG significantly increased (p<0.001) as compared to SG. Our results demonstrated that regular exercise caused an increase in PON1 activity, which shows that oxidative stress has a significant influence on this enzyme activity. (Biol.Sport 22: 375-383, 2005)
JANUARY 16, 2018 RESILIENCE AS A MEASURE OF HEALTH: IMPLICATIONS FOR HEALTH CLAIMS FOR FOODS

An old concept has new-found notoriety in the context of offering an approach for establishing health benefits for healthy people. It is the concept of resilience. In an ecological sense, resilience refers to the ability of an ecosystem to withstand perturbation and continue normal function, i.e. maintain homeostasis. In the context of human physiology, resilience enables a host to remain healthy even when exposed to a stress, or to recover from a stress faster. A variety of external challenges such as drugs, pathogens, emotional stress, poor diet among others, may perturb normal physiological function or disrupt the gut ecosystem. Individuals more able to maintain stability of physiological functions when exposed to such challenges would be healthier than those who cannot maintain stability. Thus, a food would be considered to have a beneficial effect if it could increase the resilience of the consumer to a challenge.
Marital Abuse and Suicide Ideation among Abused Women

The present investigation was conducted to gain insight into women going through abuse in marriage and suicide ideation amongst abused women from middle income group belonging to Chandigarh. The study was conducted on 100 abused women out of which 50 were with children and 50 were without children. Standardized tool namely, t-test was used to compare suicide ideation amongst abused women with children and abused women without children. Percentages were used to assess the number of women going through physical, emotional, sexual abuse and neglect. The objectives of the research were to examine the percentage of women going through physical, emotional, sexual abuse, and neglect and compare suicide ideation amongst abused women with children and abused women without children, The results showed that majority of the sample population was a victim of physical abuse and emotional abuse, it was also found that there were significant differences in suicide ideation among abused women with and without children. Abused women without children reported higher suicidal ideation.
Determination of the thickness of titanium films on glass substrate by nanoindentation tests

We reported a simple and convenient method to determine the film thickness by nanoindentation tests. This method starts from the analysis of the unloading portion of the measured nanoindentation loaddisplacement curves according to a quadratic polynomial, P 5 a(h hf) P0, where P is the indentation load, P0 is the virtual load used to consider the effect of the residual contact stress, h is the indenter displacement (penetration depth), hf is the final displacement after complete unloading which should be determined by curve fitting, and a is a constant. Then the best-fit value of the parameter P0 is plotted as a function of the maximum penetration depth, hmax. Such a P0 versus hmax curve may pass through aminimum, and hmax corresponding to this minimumwould be equal to the film thickness value.
1 A QT heoretic approach to distinctive subsegmental timing

This paper presents two case studies of segment-internal timing distinctions which motivate Q Theory, in which each segment (Q) is represented as a string of featurally uniform subsegments (q), e.g. (q1 q2 q3), corresponding to the informal concepts of onset, target, and offset (Inkelas & Shih 2013, 2016, 2017, Shih & Inkelas 2014). We argue, based on Panará and Hungarian, that this representational richness is motivated by the need to represent phonologically tripartite segments, as well as segment-internal timing distinctions that are phonologically contrastive. In addition to supporting existing Q Theory architecture, we also argue for expanding the repertoire of Q Theory further to include phonologically long segments, such as geminates.
Using optimised otolith sectioning to determine the age, growth and age at sexual maturity of the herbivorous fish Kyphosus bigibbus: with a comparison to using scales

Determining the population parameters of herbivorous fishes facilitates our understanding of their overall effects on ecosystems. However, this has not been successful with species such as Kyphosus bigibbus that are difficult to age using otoliths. In this study, we estimated the age, growth and age at sexual maturity of K. bigibbus off the west coast of Kyushu, Japan, using fish scales and otoliths. Scales were found unreliable because they caused underestimation of the age of fish older than 5 years, whereas otoliths were reliable when used with our improved otolith-sectioning methodology. The maximum age and fork length were 46 years and 574mm for females and 32 years and 506mm for males. According to the von Bertalanffy growth curves, females became slightly larger than males, and both sexes showed nearly asymptotic fork lengths after 10 years. The age at 50% sexual maturity for females and males was 3.2 and 1.9 years respectively, which is extremely early considering their maximum age. The year-class composition of K. bigibbus suggests that its recruitment may have increased rapidly since 1999, following noticeable losses of kelp forests in this region. Our findings will contribute to the understanding of algal forest ecosystems and advancement of fish ageing studies.
Is Effective Teacher Evaluation Sustainable? Evidence from District of Columbia Public Schools

Ten years ago, many policy makers viewed the reform of teacher evaluation as a highly promising mechanism to improve teacher effectiveness and student achievement. Recently, that enthusiasm has dimmed as the available evidence suggests the subsequent reforms had a mixed record of implementation and efficacy. Even in districts where there was evidence of efficacy, the early promise of teacher evaluation may not be sustainable as these systems mature and change. This study examines the evolving design of IMPACT, the teacher evaluation system in the District of Columbia Public Schools. We describe the recent changes to IMPACT, which include higher performance standards for lower-performing teachers and a reduced emphasis on value-added test scores. Descriptive evidence on the dynamics of teacher retention and performance under this redesigned system indicates that lower-performing teachers are particularly likely to either leave or improve. Corresponding causal evidence similarly indicates that imminent dismissal threats for persistently low-performing teachers increased both teacher attrition and the performance of returning teachers. These findings suggest that teacher evaluation can provide a sustained mechanism for improving the quality of teaching.
Persistent Axis Vessels of the Lower Limb: A Rare Anomaly

Introduction: The persistent axis artery is a rare embryological remnant of the axis artery which supplies the limb bud. It develops as a dorsal root of the umbilical artery and supplies the lower limb. It normally involutes when the femoral artery starts developing. Observation: We encountered a large, incomplete, persistent axis artery during routine dissection in a male cadaver which was aged approximately 70-years. The artery entered the gluteal region through the greater sciatic notch, below the pyriformis muscle. It gave off the inferior gluteal branches, the branches to the hip joint, the biceps femoris muscle, the sciatic nerve and the tibial nerve (high division of the sciatic nerve was noted). Throughout its course, it was accompanied by a vein which anastomosed with the tributaries of the femoral vein. Conclusion: Such a persistent axis artery is prone for aneurysm, thrombosis and embolism.
Joint Agricultural Input Adoption and Food Security in Tanzania

Since the late 2000s there has been a renewed focus on providing incentives for the joint adoption of hybrid seed and fertilizer to improve agricultural development and alleviate food insecurity in SubSaharan Africa. This study estimates treatment effects of joint input adoption on productivity, profitability and multi-dimensional indicators of food security using a nationally representative survey dataset. Rather than treating adoption as a single dichotomous choice, the methodology controls for potential self-selection behavior into multiple possible input combinations. The results of this study show that joint input use statistically significantly increases productivity by 83 percent which translates to a 17 percent net profit increase. It also shows that non-adoption of both inputs can be explained by lower impact on productivity and profitability. Further, impact of joint adoption on profit is statistically insignificant for farms located away from a market and with limited access to credit. The treatment effect of joint input use on food security leads to a 12 percent increase in annual food expenditure per capita but lower magnitude of impact on diet diversity and a subjective measure of food insecurity. The results highlight the need for a more balanced approach in policy design that focuses on research and development of locally suited inputs and investments in rural infrastructure. JEL-Classification: O12, O13, O15, O2, O55, Q12, Q18
High Coherent Microcavity Brillouin Laser

The first chip-based stimulated Brillouin laser (SBL) is demonstrated. The efficiency is 90% and it exhibits record coherence for an on-chip device: Schawlow-Townes frequency noise of 60 milliHz2/Hz and low technical noise. Keywords-stimulated Brillouin; high coherence; Laser;
Scalar-tensor gravity and conformal continuations

Global properties of vacuum static, spherically symmetric configurations are studied in a general class of scalar-tensor theories ~STTs! of gravity in various dimensions. The conformal mapping between the Jordan and Einstein frames is used as a tool. Necessary and sufficient conditions are found for the existence of solutions admitting a conformal continuation ~CC! The latter means that a singularity in the Einstein-frame manifold maps to a regular surface Strans in the Jordan frame, and the solution is then continued beyond this surface. Stranscan be an ordinary regular sphere or a horizon. In the second case, Strans connect two epochs of a KantowskiSachs type cosmology. It is shown that the list of possible types of global causal structure of vacuum space–times in any STT, with any potential function U(f), is the same as in general relativity with a cosmological constant. This is even true for conformally continued solutions. A traversable wormhole is shown to be one of the generic structures created as a result of CC. Two explicit examples are presented: the known solution for a conformal field in general relativity, illustrating the emergence of singularities and wormholes due to CC, and a nonsingular threedimensional model with an infinite sequence of CCs. © 2002 American Institute of Physics. @DOI: 10.1063/1.1519667 #
Enflasyon ve Faiz Oranı Arasındaki Nedensellik İlişkisi: Türkiye Örneği

In this study the casualty relation between the interest rates and inflation has been examined. By using the data series of the inflation and interest rates between the 2003:01-2015:02 periods, it has been tried to be estimated the relation between the series with the Granger casual analysis method. As a result of analysis the series being subtracted from logarithm, have been stabilized by applying the ADF and PP unit root tests after correcting seasonal effects. After the application of Granger casualty analysis the casualty relation between the inflation and interest rates has been tried to be explained by practicing Johansen cointegration analysis. According the result, it is seen that although there is not a casualty relation through the interest rates to inflation, there is a casualty relation from inflation to interest rates.
Synergy of L-arginine and growth hormone (GH)-releasing peptide (GHRP-2) stimulation of GH in men and women: Modulation by exercise

We investigated the ability of exercise, a multipathway, potent, physiological stimulus for GH release, to alter the synergistic interaction of l-arginine (A) and GH-related peptide (GHRP)-2 (G) observed at rest and the ability of gender to further modulate this putative interaction. Subjects (9 men and 9 early follicular phase women) completed 30 min of constant load aerobic exercise in combination with intravenous infusions of saline (S), A (30 g over 30 min), G (1 µg/kg bolus), or both (AG) in separate study sessions in randomly assigned order. Measures of GH release were logarithmically transformed for statistical analysis. Similar to rest, exercise maintained the rank order (AG > G > A > S) of effective stimulation of GH release for the key response measures in men or women, a gender disparity in the time to reach the maximal serum GH concentration, the calculated endogenous GH half-life, and the observed effect of preinfusion (basal) serum GH concentrations on determining secretagogue responsiveness. Exercise potentiated the individual stimulatory actions of A and G, while blunting the relative magnitude of the synergistic (supra-additive) interaction observed at rest. We infer from the present data that 1) exercise is likely to induce release of both GHRH and somatostatin, 2)l-arginine may facilitate the effect of exercise by limiting somatostatin release, 3) GHRP-2 could further enhance the stimulatory impact of exercise by opposing central actions of somatostatin and/or heightening endogenous GHRH release, and4) gender strongly controls the relative but not absolute magnitude of A/G synergy both at rest and after exercise.