Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Comparative characteristics of nests of Vespula germanica (F.) and Vespula vulgaris (L.) (Hymenoptera: Vespinae) from Christchurch City, New Zealand

Abstract From July 1987 to June 1989, 141 nests and 365 nests, respectively, of the adventive social vespines the German wasp, Vespula germanica (F.), and the common wasp V. vulgaris (L.), from the City of Christchurch, New Zealand, were evaluated for seven major characteristics. There were few, if any, differences in nest sites, and from spring to early summer in nest traffic, nest size, and numbers of combs. However, Getman wasps showed no preference for direction of nest entrances, while common wasp nests were more numerous in areas most exposed to the morning sun. Some Getman wasp nests survived the winter and began producing new worker cells by late June, but all common wasp nests died by June. Because common wasp nests have been reported surviving the winter in beech forest, which produces honey dew, and honey dew is not available in Christchurch City, common wasp nest survival over winter may be more dependent upon carbohydrates and/or prey dependent upon carbohydrates than the survival of German w.
Diesel oil consumption, work duration, and crop production of corn and durum wheat under conventional and no-tillage in southeastern France

In no-tillage (NT) system, precedent crop residue retains on the soil surface to preserve soil water for crop growth. In response to the negative impact of soil degradation under conventional tillage (CT) system based on soil tillage, NT system without tillage practice and with protective cover of crop residue is being developed in many parts of the world. However, NT is a successful system especially in the South of America, but the impacts of this system on the Mediterranean climate especially in the southeast (SE) of France is less known; therefore, this study has been carried out within the scope of a European project. Durum wheat and corn were sown under CT and NT. Time requirement and fuel consumption in these two systems were measured. The results showed that durum wheat and corn yields were the same in both systems except of 2008, while work duration and energy requirement were 87% and 83% lower in NT system, respectively. Furthermore, NT could mitigate CO2 emission up to 50% as compared with CT. These results show that NT can be considered as a relevant alternative for CT regarding economical and environmental advantages.
PROSIDING SEMINAR PENELITIAN DAN PENGELOLAAN PERANGKAT NUKLIR

METHOD VALIDATION FOR URANIUM CONTENT ANALYSIS USING A POTENTIOMETER T-90. An experimental method validation has been conducted for uranium content analysis using Potentiometer T-90. The method validation experiment was performed in the quality control laboratory of Experiment Fuel Element Installation, PTBBN, BATAN. The objective is to determine the level of precision and accuracy of analytical results for uranium analysis referring to the latest American Standard Test Method (ASTM) of ASTM C1267-11, which is a modified reference method by reducing of reagent consumption by 10% of the amount used by the original method. The ASTM C 1267-11 reference is a new ASTM as a substitute for the older ASTM namely ASTM C799, Vol.12. 01, 2003. It is, therefore, necessary to validate the renewed method. The tool used for the analysis of uranium was potentiometer T-90 and the material used was standard uranium oxide powder CRM (Certificate Reference Material). Validation of the method was done by analyzing standard uranium powder by 7 times weighing and 7 times analysis. Analysis results were used to determine the level of accuracy, precision, Relative Standard Deviation (RSD) and Horwitz coefficient Variation and limit detection and quantitation. The average uranium obtained for this method validation is 84.36% with Standard Deviation (SD) of 0.12%, Relative Standard Deviation (RSD) 0.14% and 2/3 Horwitz coefficient Variation (CVHorwitz) 2.05 %. The results show that RSD value is smaller than the value of (2/3) CVHorwitz, which means that this method has a high precision. The accuracy value obtained is 0.48%, and since the acceptance limit of high level of accuracy is when the accuracy value is <2.00%, this method is regarded as having a high degree of accuracy [1]. The limit of detection (LOD) and and the limit of quantitation (LOQ) are 0.0145 g / L and 0.0446 g / L respectively. It is concluded that the ASTM C 1267-11 reference method is valid for use.
Evaluation of Genetic Diversity in the Subspecies of Aegilops tauschii Using Microsatellite Markers

Twenty four SSR primer pairs were used to determine the genetic diversity in the subspecies of Aegilops tauschii. All microsatellite markers showed a high level of polymorphism. The average number of alleles observed was relatively similar in subsp. tauschii (9.00) to that in strangulata (8.30). The tauschii group had also similar average PIC value (0.80) with the strangulata group (0.77). The range of similarity was higher in subsp. tauschii than subsp. strangulata, reflecting a higher level of genetic variation in the first subspecies. Cluster and PCO analyses revealed a relative pattern of differentiation between two taxonomic classified subspecies, but there were some exceptional accessions in each group, reflecting possible intermediate forms between these two subspecies. Wide distribution of alleles found in both subspecies can be used for wheat improvement.
Minimal cost-time strategies for mosquito population replacement

Vector control plays a central role in the fight against vector-borne diseases and, in particular, arboviruses. The use of the endosymbiotic bacterium \textit{Wolbachia} has proven effective in preventing the transmission of some of these viruses between mosquitoes and humans, making it a promising control tool. The population replacement technique we consider consists in replacing the wild population by a population carrying the aforementioned bacterium, thereby preventing outbreaks of the associated vector-borne diseases. In this work, we consider a two species model incorporating both Wolbachia infected and wild mosquitoes. Our system can be controlled thanks to a term representing an artificial introduction of Wolbachia-infected mosquitoes. Under the assumption that the birth rate of mosquitoes is high, we may reduce the model to a simpler one regarding the proportion of infected mosquitoes. We investigate minimal cost-time strategies to achieve a population replacement both analytically and numerically for the simplified 1D model and only numerically for the full 2D system.
Should Platforms Be Allowed to Sell on Their Own Marketplaces?

A growing number of intermediaries (e.g. Amazon, Apple's Appstore, and Walmart) act as resellers on their own marketplaces. We build a model of dual marketplace and reseller intermediation to explore the implications of this practice, and the call to ban it, taking into account an intermediary's optimal choice of mode. Our analysis shows that an outright ban tends to benefit third-party sellers at the expense of consumer surplus or welfare, even after allowing for innovation by third-party sellers. Rather than an outright ban, we show that policies that limit the imitation of highly innovative third-party products and prevent steering of buyers to the intermediary's own products would lead to preferable outcomes.
The Potential of Agroforestry to Reduce Energy Poverty and Environmental Degradation in Rural Zambia

Over the past decade, increased charcoal production in rural areas of southern Zambia has resulted in large-scale deforestation, which has contributed to a variety of environmental problems such as erosion, temperature volatility, and increased wind speeds. The increase in charcoal production is driven by several factors including urbanization, a nationwide energy deficit, and rural poverty. Previous studies have demonstrated the relationship between urban charcoal demand and increased levels of deforestation in other Sub-Saharan African nations. This paper extends these studies by examining how this dynamic impacts not only the environment, but also the livelihoods of rural farmers in southern Zambia. Environmental degradation leads to less productive farms, which in turn leads more farmers to begin producing charcoal to supplement their incomes. This is a vicious and self-perpetuating cycle that not only destroys the landscape but also exacerbates poverty. Based on interviews and field observations, this paper analyzes how agroforestry, as an entrepreneurial alternative to current agricultural practices, can be used to halt and even reverse some of the drivers of the vicious cycle. Agroforestry can also be used to mitigate some of the environmental problems associated with deforestation as well as help prevent increased rural charcoal production. Based on these findings, this paper recommends steps be taken to regulate charcoal production and promote entrepreneurial and sustainable agricultural practices that can diversify farmers’ outputs and increase incomes.
Does Early Access to Pension Wealth Improve Health?

We examine the health impacts of early access to public pension wealth by exploiting a unique policy in Singapore allowing individuals to withdraw a proportion of their pension savings after their 55th birthday. For the identification, we employ a regression discontinuity design by comparing individuals before and after their 55th birthday. To address anticipated and lagged health impacts, we adopt the donut regression discontinuity approach. Using nationally representative monthly panel data, we find that early access to pension wealth improves self-reported overall health.
Chronotype effects on general well-being and psychopathology levels in healthy young adults

Variations in diurnal preferences for activity and sleep have long been classified as morning and evening chronotypes. Although morning and evening-types do not differ in sleep architecture, earlier studies have revealed the association between eveningness and psychopathology. However, most of these works had been conducted only with patient samples. Additionally, previous research has also discovered that morning-types have a healthier lifestyle than evening-types. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to assess the associations between chronotypes and general well-being and psychopathology levels in practically healthy young adults, whose physical and mental health were both examined precisely prior to the research, for the first time in the literature. We found that morning-type individuals have significantly better health conditions than evening-types. And, participants exhibiting a tendency to evening-type were more prone to develop psychological symptoms than subjects exhibiting morning-type chronobiological characteristics. Mental health professionals should be aware that eveningness may be a risk factor for mental and physical health even in currently well young adults.
The Synergy Between Neuroscience and Control Theory: The Nervous System as Inspiration for Hard Control Challenges

Here, we review the role of control theory in modeling neural control systems through a top-down analysis approach. Specifically, we examine the role of the brain and central nervous system as the controller in the organism, connected to but isolated from the rest of the animal through insulated interfaces. Though biological and engineering control systems operate on similar principles, they differ in several critical features, which makes drawing inspiration from biology for engineering controllers challenging but worthwhile. We also outline a procedure that the control theorist can use to draw inspiration from the biological controller: starting from the intact, behaving animal; designing experiments to deconstruct and model hierarchies of feedback; modifying feedback topologies; perturbing inputs and plant dynamics; using the resultant outputs to perform system identification; and tuning and validating the resultant control-theoretic model using specially engineered robophysical models.
European Economic Integration in Econometric Modeling –

Processes of regional economic integration have been shaping the economic relations between countries significantly during the last decades. In addition, an increasing integration of the national economies into the global economy has affected these economic relations, too. In an effort to operationalize these integration processes for the purpose of empirical analyses, this paper reviews and analyses concepts and actual measures of European integration and globalization. In particular, it discusses how to separate the effects of European integration from those of globalization. The paper searches for regional integration and globalization indices that reduce the endogeneity problem, and it discusses collinearity between them, and their workability in an illustrative gravity model.
Fault Detection and Isolation in the Non-Toxic Orbital Maneuvering System and the Reaction Control System

In this paper, we consider the problem of test design for real-time fault detection and diagnosis in the space shuttle’s non-toxic orbital maneuvering system and reaction control system (NT-OMS/RCS). For demonstration purposes, we restrict our attention to the aft section of the NT-OMS/RCS, which consists of 160 faults (each fault being either a leakage, blockage, igniter fault, or regulator fault) and 128 sensors. Using the proposed tests, we are able to uniquely isolate a large number of the faults of interest in the NT-OMS/RCS. Those that cannot be uniquely isolated can generally be resolved into small ambiguity groups and then uniquely isolated via manual/automated commands. Simulation of the NT-OMS/RCS under various fault conditions was conducted using the TRICK R © modeling software.
13.1 Leakage Current and Two-Tone-Linearity Investigations on 0.5μm AlGaN/GaN HEMTs

This paper presents the results of leakage current and two-tone-linearity measurements on 0. 5μm AlGaN/GaN HEMTs. For these investigations three different process and epitaxial variations have been characterized. The first was a variation of the epitaxy, the second was variation of the gate metallization and the third variation involved modification of pre-treatments before gate metallization. By using an epitaxial structure with an interlayer between barrier and buffer, an improvement of 5dB in linearity was obtained. Moreover, it was observed that the leakage current can vary up to a factor of 10 by changing the pre-treatment before gate metal deposition or by changing the barrier metal layer between Schottky and top gate metal.
Sexing by External Measurements of Adult Rhinoceros Auklets Breeding on Teuri Island

Sexing without sacrificing or injuring birds is essential for field studies, though it is difficult to sex alcid species with no obvious sexual dimorphism or sex specific display. Rhinoceros Auklets Cerorhinca monocerata breeding on Teuri Island, Hokkaido, Japan had sexual difference in external measurements. A discriminant function was derived from external measurements of 34 male and 39 female breeding auklets. The sexes of the auklets could be separated by using the discriminate function D=114.223. 25BD-0.64HL, where BD is bill depth and HL is head length. D was negative for males and positive for females. The efficiency of this discriminant function was 91.2% for males and 100% for females.
Maintenance and ManageMent of wastewater systeM coMponents using the condition index systeM, prediction process and costs estiMation Konserwacja i zarządzanie systeMeM Kanalizacji ścieKowej za poMocą systeMu wsKaźniKa stanu, procesu przewidywania i szacowania Kosztów

large owner organization, the Iranian Society of Consulting Engineers (ISCE). Comprehensive survey was then performed between experienced personnel at the ISCE in order to understand the various problems of components and statistics related to the level of difficulty in replacing, repairing, cleaning, and inspecting among components and facilities. Assessments show that mismanagement in maintenance of wastewater plumbing systems affects increasing of the building cost and decreasing of the wastewater network’s service life [3]. From the other side, control and inspection of the whole pipeline is often very costly and time-consuming, and sometimes simply impossible [21]. Wastewater pipeline degradation results in uneconomical damages and high cost of replacement [9]. Therefore, condition assessment (CA) of plumbing in wastewater system is very essential and necessary for the prediction of proper repair time based on limited budget in relation to increasing the component service life and preventing early replacement, degradation and penalty costs [9, 21]. Due to the AmAni n, Ali nm, mohAmmed Ah, SAmAt RA. maintenance and management of wastewater system components using the condition index system, prediction processand costs estimation. eksploatacja i niezawodnosc – maintenance and Reliability 2013; 15 (2): 161–168.
Inflammation and venous thromboembolic disease

Recent evidence has been established that the inflammatory process is involved in the pathophysiology of VTE and may have a significant role in prediction of the disease. It is likely that classical and non-classical risk factors modulate thrombosis through inflammatory mediators. Inflammation of the venous wall promotes the release of tissue factor, whereas other coagulation factors inhibit the release of anticoagulant factors and hamper endogenous fibrinolysis. Inflammatory markers are also negatively related to thrombolysis and restoration of blood flow in the acute phase of the disease. Despite the growing evidence of the involvement of inflammation in pathogenesis of VTE, the importance of anti-inflammatory treatment of this disease was overlooked. Aspirin was shown to be effective in the prevention of recurrent venous thrombosis after treatment with anticoagulant drugs. Some anti-inflammatory drugs like NSID may have negative effect and increase risk of VTE. Therefore, the recent research was dedicated to searching new specific anti-inflammatory drug inhibitors of inflammatory markers, which were shown to be involved in the pathogenesis of VTE. As thrombus formation is based on the activation of coagulation system, provoked by inflammation prevention and treatment of VTE, should include both anticoagulant and anti-inflammatory agents. To reduce bleeding complications of combined treatment, sub-therapeutic doses of both drugs should be used to improve the efficacy of management of VTE without increasing risk of bleeding. *Correspondence to: Pavel Poredoš, University Clinical Centre, Department for vascular disease, Ljubljana, Slovenia, Tel. : +386 1 522 80 32; Fax: +386 1 522 80 70; E-mail: ikzil025@ukclj.si
Valuing non-market private amenity consumption in Mediterranean forests: a contingent valuation application in Andalucía, Spain Abstract We present a discrete choice contingent valuation application to the amenities consumed by non-industrial private forest owners in Andalucía (southern Spain). We

We present a discrete choice contingent valuation application to the amenities consumed by non-industrial private forest owners in Andalucía (southern Spain). We analyze the results of a survey made with 765 private owners in which they faced a single and a double-bounded question. Results show that, on average, landowners would be willing to pay (give up) annually €387 per hectare as an opportunity cost for keeping their land and consume the amenities from their properties versus an alternative (non-agroforestry) investment providing no land amenities. The analysis shows that the size of the property and the presence of exotic tree species have a negative and significant effect on the landowners’ willingness to pay, while the distance to urban centers have a positive and significant effect. In the context of non-market valuation and ecosystem accounting, the private consumption of non-market amenities by forest owners is important in our study area, and likely to be relevant in other similar ecosystems.
WHO Symposium Health Assets in a Global Context

One of the greatest threats to health and wellbeing are precarious living conditions and the experience of poverty. However not all individuals experiencing, or growing up in conditions of serious adversity, such as severe family disruption or persisting poverty develop adjustment or health problems later on. The recognition of individual differences in response to risk exposure is indicated by the notion of resilience, which describes the practices and processes by which some individuals – or communities – adapt to adversity and even thrive against the odds. The aim of this paper is to explore the notion of resilience, and its usefulness for the study of social inequalities in health and wellbeing. To gain a better understanding of the multiple, interlinked influences on health and well-being a developmental-contextual model of resilience is introduced, and the dynamic interactions between a developing individual in a changing context are conceptualised, taking into account causation, selection, and cumulative processes in life course development. Furthermore, findings from the ESRC Priority Network on human capability and resilience will be presented, identifying key factors that make it possible for individuals to do well in the face of adversity. Resilience as an asset for healthy development What enables young people to strive and to develop into well-balanced and healthy adults? This paper addresses the antecedents, pathways, and outcomes of transitions through childhood and into independent adulthood. The particular focus lies on children growing up in circumstances of relative social disadvantage, characterised by lack of material resources and poor housing conditions. There is now consistent evidence to suggest that serious harm to physical and mental health and well-being can be caused by the experience of poverty and adverse life events (Duncan & Brooks-Gunn, 1997; McLoyd, 1998). Socio-economic disadvantage and material hardship experienced early in life greatly increase the risk of developing adjustment problems later on, such as educational failure, behaviour problems, psychological distress, or poor health. On the other hand, there is also evidence that not everyone is affected in the same way. Some individuals seem to be able to ‘beat the odds’ and to do well despite the experience of adversity. This phenomenon of ‘beating the odds’, of striving in the face of adversity, has also become known by the concept of resilience (Garmezy, 1991; Luthar, 2003; Rutter, 1987; Werner & Smith, 1992). The observation of positive outcomes in the face of adversity has lead to a paradigm shift away from a pathogenic or deficit model towards a focus on adaptive functioning and developmental processes leading to health and well-being instead of adjustment problems or disease
Proglacial succession of biological soil crusts and vascular plants: biotic interactions in the High Arctic

To evaluate the hypothesis that biological soil crusts facilitate the establishment and maintenance of vascular plants during succession, we studied the distribution patterns of crusts and vascular plants along a High Arctic glacier foreland and compared the success of plants growing in and out of crusted substrate. Multivariate analyses determined that distance from the glacier and crust cover were the most important variables, explaining 11% and 9% of the variance in the vegetation data, respectively. Surfaces colonized by biological soil crusts generally supported higher plant densities and showed positive associations with the most dominant, long-lived plant species such as Saxifraga oppositifolia L. , Salix arctica Pall. , and Dryas integrifolia Vahl. Crusts facilitate plant establishment and growth in early and midsuccession but may compete for available resources further along the chronosequence. This study recognizes subtle direct influences of crust on vegetation density but also draws attention to.