Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Modeling and Analysis of Frictional Damper Effect on Chatter Suppression in a Slender Endmill Tool

In this paper, a frictional damper is proposed for suppression of chatter in slender endmill tool. This damper is made up of a core and a multi fingered hollow cylinder. The core is press fitted into the hollow cylinder, and they both are press fitted into an axial hole inside the tool. This combination produces a resisting frictional stress against bending vibration. An analytical model including accurate modeling of friction in sliding and pre-sliding regions is developed for this damper. Based on the simulation of the analytical model a parameter study is done to achieve optimum parameters of damper that increases the stability limit as much as possible. Finally, the optimal damped tool with damper inside is fabricated and experimentally tested in compare with traditional tool. The results show a considerable improvement in tool performance. An acceptable agreement between analytical and experimental results is obtained which show the effectiveness of damped tool in improvement of tool performance.
Bees and plants in a transition area between Atlantic rain forest and Araucaria forest in Southern Brazil

La communaute d'abeilles indigenes d'une zone de transition entre la foret pluviale atlantique et la foret a Araucaria, a Joinville, etat de Santa Catarina, Bresil, a ete etudiee en ce qui concerne la richesse en especes, l'abondance relative, les ressources florales et les interactions avec les plantes. Les observations ont ete effectuees mensuellement de 2008 a 2009, en utilisant des filets entomologiques. Ont ete echantillonnes 710 individus de 88 especes des cinq sous-familles d'abeilles existant au Bresil. Les abeilles ont ete prelevees sur 62 especes de plantes de 29 familles. Les familles vegetales les plus visitees ont ete les Asteraceae (48 %), Lamiaceae (10 %), Saxifragaceae (9 %) et Rosaceae (8 %). La sous-famille d'abeilles presentant la plus grande diversite d'especes a ete celle des Halictinae (44 %), suivie par les Apinae (38 %), Andreninae (11 %), Megachilinae (8 %) et Colletinae (1 %). La sequence en abondance d'individus, par sous-familles, a ete: Apinae (81 %), Halictinae (12 %), Andreninae et Megachilinae (les deux 3 %) et Colletinae (moins de 1 %). Apis mellifera L. est l'espece la plus abondante (42 %), suivie par Trigona spinipes (Fabricius) (14 %) et Plebeia sp. L'etude depeint un systeme avec des interactions asymetriques, demontre par le groupement des especes, avec une predominance de relations generales, revelant l'importance relative de l'abondance pour l'imbrication des reseaux mutuels. Les mensurations de reseau evaluees devoilent un lacis robuste et diversifie, un trait recurrent dans la structuration de la biodiversite.
The Demand for Currency Approach and the Size of the Shadow Economy: A Critical Assessment

A commonly used approach to measure the size of the shadow economy, known as "the monetary method", is based on econometric estimates of the demand for currency. These estimates are used to get the currency held by economic agents in excess of the amount they need to finance registered transactions. This excess of currency multiplied by the income-velocity of circulation (assumed to be equal in the registered and shadow economies) gives a measure of the hidden GDP. This paper shows that the monetary method only produces coherent estimates if the income-elasticity of the demand for currency is one and suggests a way to correct the estimated size of the shadow economy when such elasticity is not one. The correction is applied to existent measures for different countries.
Dielectric Strength of Waste Tyre Dust-Polypropylene (WTD-PP) for High Voltage Application

This paper examines the performance of Waste Tyre Dust-Polypropelene (WTD-PP) composite with Alumina Trihydrate (ATH) as the main reinforcement filler for high voltage outdoor insulation material. Compounds of WTD-PP without and with ATH were prepared with different compositions of WTD-PP content (20/80, 40/60,60/40,80/20wt%) and different amount of ATH filler (0,50,100,150pph). The parameter studied is dielectric strength of WTD-PP composite and BS EN 60243-1 was complied. It was found that the performance of these compounds as outdoor high voltage insulation application. The volume resistivity as well as dielectric strength of the compounds was reduced due to high content of carbon black into the waste tyre. It also shows the effects of ATH into the compounds and the optimum value the ATH is 100pph.
Lead Levels in the Primary Teeth of Children in Tehran, Iran

Objective: Young children are very susceptible to the toxic effects of lead, one of the most common pollutants in the environment. Therefore, monitoring the level of lead in primary teeth to prevent its harmful effects might be necessary. The aim of this study was to investigate lead concentrations among all types of primary teeth and to determine if age could affect the lead levels in primary teeth. Method: In this cross-sectional study, 250 shed or nearing exfoliation caries-free primary teeth were collected from patients, aged 6-12 years old, in dental clinics of Tehran, Iran from 2009 to 2010. The lead concentrations in these teeth were measured using atomic absorption spectrophotometry. Result: Primary canines showed the highest mean concentration of lead [1.67 ± 0.75 μg/g dry weight (DW)], followed by incisors (1.15 ± 0.74 μg/g DW) and molars (0.78 ± 0.59 μg/g DW). Statistically significant differences were seen between canines and molars (P=0.000) and also between canines and incisors (P=0.036). The Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) test showed no significant differences between lead levels regarding age (P>0.05). Conclusion: The results of the present study showed that tooth type affected the tooth-lead level concentrations. Mean concentration of lead in primary canines was higher than that in incisors and molars in the studied society. Our results suggested that age was not related to the lead concentration in human
Self-perceived social status: its relation to aggression and personality traits in two Spanish speaking samples

Dominance and prestige are two strategies to achieve status in humans. Dominance is the use of threat and aggression, and prestige is the pursuit of cultural achievement. This research presents a study carried out through self-report measures with two native Spanish speaking samples from Madrid (Spain) and San Jose (Costa Rica). Self-perceived dominance and prestige were correlated with dimensions of aggression and the big five personality traits. Results showed that a component that grouped different aggression subscales and agreeableness was the best predictor of dominance in samples of men and women of both countries. Prestige was mainly predicted by conscientiousness and extraversion in both samples and by low hostility and neuroticism but only in Spanish men.
Chemical Shift Artifact Correction in MREIT

Magnetic resonance electrical impedance tomography (MREIT) enables us to perform high-resolution conductivity imaging of an electrically conducting object. Injecting low-frequency current through a pair of surface electrodes, we measure an induced magnetic flux density using an MRI scanner and this requires a sophisticated MR phase imaging method. Applying a conductivity image reconstruction algorithm to measured magnetic flux density data subject to multiple injection currents, we can produce multi-slice cross-sectional conductivity images. When there exists a local region of fat, the well-known chemical shift phenomenon produces misalignments of pixels in MR images. This may result in artifacts in magnetic flux density image and consequently in conductivity image. In this paper, we investigate chemical shift artifact correction in MREIT based on the well-known three-point Dixon technique. The major difference is in the fact that we must focus on the phase image in MREIT. Using three Dixon data sets, we explain how to calculate a magnetic flux density image without chemical shift artifact. We test the correction method through imaging experiments of a cheese phantom and postmortem canine head. Experimental results clearly show that the method effectively eliminates artifacts related with the chemical shift phenomenon in a reconstructed conductivity image.
THE IMPACT OF COACHING MODULE BASED ON TEACHING GAMES FOR UNDERSTANDING TOWARDS SCHOOL NETBALL PLAYERS' PERFORMANCE

The study aimed was to assess the effectiveness of coaching module based on Teaching Games for Understanding (TGfU) towards the performance of school netball players. Samples consisted of 14 netball players in selected Malaysian secondary schools. The players had gone through four-weeks of training using the coaching module. The results showed that the coaching module has a high impact on players' performance in the aspects of decision-making, chose and used attack and defense strategy at the right time and place during netball game. There was a strong and significant positive relationship between the uses of coaching module ith performance of the players in netball game. The implication of this study was to help school coaches to incorporate thinking culture of players on the ability in decision-making skills, choosing and using attack and defense strategy during playing netball. Keywords : TGfU; coaching module; decision-making; attack and defense strategy; netball.
A determinant fuzzy apparoach for intrusion detection system

In MANETs, versatile hubs can impart transparently to each other without the need of predefined framework. Interruption location framework is a fundamental bit of security for MANETs. It is uncommonly convincing for identifying the Intrusions and for the most part used to supplement for other security segment. That is the reason Intrusion discovery framework (IDS) is known as the second mass of assurance for any survivable framework security. The proposed fluffy based IDSs for recognition of Intrusions in MANETs are not prepared to adjust up all sort of assaults. We have examined that all proposed fluffy based IDSs are seen as to a great degree obliged segments or qualities for data collection which is specific for a particular assault. So that these IDSs are simply recognize the particular assault in MANETs. The fluffy motor may perceive blockage from channel mistake conditions, and along these lines helps the TCP blunder discovery. Examination has been made on the issues for upgrading the steady quality and precision of the decisions in MANET. This approach offers a strategy for joining remote units' estimation comes to fruition with alliance information open or priori decided at conglomerating hubs. In our investigation work, the best need was to reduce the measure of information required for getting ready and the false alarm rate. We are chiefly endeavoring to improve the execution of a present framework rather than endeavoring to supplant current Intrusion recognition systems with an information mining approach. While current mark based Intrusion identification procedures have imperatives as communicated in the past region, they do even now give basic organizations and this normal us to choose how information mining could be used as a piece of a correlative way to deal with existing measures and improves it.
Carcass Fat-free Lean Gain of Chinese Growing-finishing Pigs Reared on Commercial Farms

Five regions and 258 pigs were selected for this study: North (Beijing), Central (Wuhan), South (Guangzhou), Southwest (Chongqing), Northeast (Harbin). Five typical genetics of growing-finishing pig were selected: Landrace×Large White×Beijing Black, Duroc×Landrace×Large White, Duroc×Large White×Landrace, Landrace×Rongchang, Landrace×Harbin White, respectively at each sites. The basal diet was a corn-soybean meal containing sufficient nutrients to meet requirements. Carcass fat-free lean gain was determined by dissecting and analyzing chemical composition of the carcass. Cubic function fitted lean moistures to live weights better than other functions. Exponential function fitted lean lipids to live weights equally to allometric function. Carcass fat-free lean gain of Duroc×Large White×Landrace, Landrace×Large White×Beijing Black, Duroc×Landrace×Large White, Landrace×Harbin White, Landrace×Rongchang from 20 to 100 kg of average body weight was 259 g/d, 261 g/d, 311 g/d, 220 g/d, 200 g/d, respectively. All are lower than intermediate fat-free lean gain in NRC (1998). (Asian-Aust. J. Anim. Sci. 2002. Vol 15, No. 10 : 1489-1495)
Modulation of Land-Use Change Impacts on Temperature Extremes via Land–Atmosphere Coupling over Australia

AbstractThe role of land–atmosphere coupling in modulating the impact of land-use change (LUC) on regional climate extremes remains uncertain. Using the Weather and Research Forecasting Model, this study combines the Global Land–Atmosphere Coupling Experiment with regional LUC to assess the combined impact of land–atmosphere coupling and LUC on simulated temperature extremes. The experiment is applied to an ensemble of planetary boundary layer (PBL) and cumulus parameterizations to determine the sensitivity of the results to model physics. Results show a consistent weakening in the soil moisture–maximum temperature coupling strength with LUC irrespective of the model physics. In contrast, temperature extremes show an asymmetric response to LUC dependent on the choice of PBL scheme, which is linked to differences in the parameterization of vertical transport. This influences convective precipitation, contributing a positive feedback on soil moisture and consequently on the partitioning of the surface turbu.
ABC for Climate: Dealing with Expensive Simulators

This paper is due to appear as a chapter of the forthcoming Handbook of Approximate Bayesian Computation (ABC) by S. Sisson, L. Fan, and M. Beaumont. We describe the challenge of calibrating climate simulators, and discuss the differences in emphasis in climate science compared to many of the more traditional ABC application areas. The primary difficulty is how to do inference with a computationally expensive simulator which we can only afford to run a small number of times, and we describe how Gaussian process emulators are used as surrogate models in this case. We introduce the idea of history matching, which is a non-probabilistic calibration method, which divides the parameter space into (not im)plausible and implausible regions. History matching can be shown to be a special case of ABC, but with a greater emphasis on defining realistic simulator discrepancy bounds, and using these to define tolerances and metrics. We describe a design approach for choosing parameter values at which to run the simulator, and illustrate the approach on a toy climate model, showing that with careful design we can find the plausible region with a very small number of model evaluations. Finally, we describe how calibrated GENIE-1 (an earth system model of intermediate complexity) predictions have been used, and why it is important to accurately characterise parametric uncertainty.
Measurement and calculation of neutron leakage spectra from slab samples of beryllium, gallium and tungsten irradiated with 14.8 MeV neutrons

In order to make benchmark validation of the nuclear data for gallium (Ga), tungsten (W) and beryllium (Be) in existing modern evaluated nuclear data files, neutron leakage spectra in the range from 0.8 to 15 MeV from slab samples were measured by time-of-flight technique with a BC501 scintillation detector. The measurements were performed at China Institute of Atomic Energy (CIAE) using a D-T neutron source. The thicknesses of the slabs were 0.5 to 2.5 mean free path for 14.8 MeV neutrons, and the measured angles were chosen to be 60∘ and 120∘ . The measured spectra were compared with those calculated by the continuous energy Monte-Carlo transport code MCNP, using the data from the CENDL-3.1, ENDF/B-VII.1 and JENDL-4.0 nuclear data files, the comparison between the experimental and calculated results show that: The results from all three libraries significantly underestimate the cross section in energy range of 10–13 MeV for Ga; For W, the calculated spectra using data from CENDL-3.1 and JENDL-4.0 libraries show larger discrepancies with the measured ones, especially around 8.5–13.5 MeV; and for Be, all the libraries led to underestimation below 3 MeV at 120∘ .
Duality of Mathematical Thinking When Making Sense of Simple Word Problems: Theoretical Essay

This essay proposes a reflection on the learning difficulties and teaching approaches associated with word problem solving. We question the development of word problem solving skills in the early grades of elementary school. We are trying to revive the discussion for two reasons. First, the knowledge in question—reversibility of arithmetic operations and flexibility of mathematical thinking—is the key element in elementary mathematics. Second, we hope to create a shift in the understanding of this knowledge development in students. Using the folk tale “The Three Little Pigs” as a metaphor, we analyze difficulties students experience while learning to solve word problems involving addition and subtraction. We formulate a hypothesis about the cognitive duality of word problem solving. This hypothesis explains a number of well-known learning difficulties and suggests teaching principles that could help avoid developmental obstacles and pitfalls within the teaching/learning process.
A review-based conceptual analysis of auditory signs and their design

The research frames of auditory display have traditionally mainly focused on the evaluation of different applications and devices, whereas the theoretical development has had a minor role. In order to reach the goal of functional and intuitive auditory signs, the theoretical basis must be on a robust basis. User interface sound types have been traditionally divided into two exclusionary sound types: earcons and auditory icons. However, when approaching the issues from the viewpoints of for example human communication or semiotics, one can see that the current definitions and practices in auditory display as a scientific discipline are not pragmatic. It is recommended to define auditory signs to include different levels of meaning, as was originally proposed. Following current theoretical concepts leaves the full potential of auditory signs unexposed. In this paper, I introduce important viewpoints and approaches for more practical theoretical approaches for the design of auditory signs in order to develop a theoretical basis for usable syntax.
Inhibiting miR-155 protects against myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury via targeted regulation of HIF-1α in rats

Objective(s): The aim of this study was to identify the role of miR-155 in the myocardial ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury through targeting hypoxia-inducible factor 1-alpha (HIF-1α). Materials and Methods: We constructed rat models with myocardial I/R injury and H9C2 cell models with hypoxia/reoxygenation (H/R) damage. Anti-miR-155 and HIF-1α short hairpin RNA (shRNA) were used to treat rats and H9C2 cells to measure infarct area (IA) by TTC staining, determine creatine kinase (CK) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) activities by automatic biochemical analyzer, cardiac troponin T (cTnT) and cardiac troponin I (cTnI) levels by ELISA, and detect apoptosis-related proteins by Western blotting. TUNEL staining and flowcytometry were employed to evaluate the apoptosis, JC-1 staining to detect mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP), and MTT assay to determine H9C2 cell viability. Results: After I/R and H/R, significant elevations were observed in IA, apoptosis, CK, LDH, cTnT, cTnI, and miR-155 levels with reduced HIF-1α. Besides, H/R-induced H9C2 cells presented decreases in MMP and Bcl-2/Bax, but increases in cytosolic/mitochondrial ratio of cytochrome C (Cyt-C) and expressions of cleaved caspase-3 and cleaved caspase-9. However, both rats and H9C2 cells showed an opposite tendency concerning the above after anti-miR-155 treatment. Nevertheless, HIF-1α shRNA effectively reversed protective effects of anti-miR-155 on alleviating I/R- and H/R- induced injury. Conclusion: Inhibiting miR-155 could reduce myocardial infarct size, suppress I/R-induced cardiomyocyte apoptosis, and maintain the MMP to alleviate I/R-induced injury via specific regulation of HIF-1α.
Gender quotas on boards of directors Gender quotas for women on boards of directors improve female share on boards but firm performance effects are mixed

From an economic efficiency perspective, ensuring that there are good female candidates for board positions requires widening the pipeline of women progressing to senior management and top executive positions. Policymakers may have to change their focus from requiring quotas for the top of an organization to the much broader task of getting a more balanced gender division of careers within the family, for instance by encouraging more fathers to take advantage of parental leave schemes. Proportion of women on boards of directors ELEVATOR PITCH
Bacterial translocation markers in type 2 diabetes mellitus: their association with glycemic control and diabetic kidney disease in Egyptian patients

Background. The involvement of bacterial translocation in the pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) has been highlighted in recent years. The objective of the current study was to evaluate the potential impact of lipopolysaccaride-binding protein (LBP) and DNA translocation on glycemic control and progression to diabetic kidney disease in T2DM patients. Material and methods. A total of 30 T2DM patients as well as 30 controls were included in a cross-sectional observational study. Plasma LBP levels were deter­mined using an enzyme linked immunoassay. DNA translocation was assessed using polymerase chain reaction targeting 16SrNA gene. Results. Plasma levels of LBP were significantly elevated in T2DM patients than in controls (p = 0.02). LBP level was significantly and positively correlated with fasting glucose level, glycated hemoglobin, C-reactive protein, albumin-creatinine ratio and negatively correlated with glomerular filtration rate. Receiver operating curve revealed that LBP with a cut off of 15.17 μg/mL succeeded to predict both glycemic control and dia­betic kidney disease in T2DM patients. The bacterial 16SrRNA was detected in almost all blood samples of T2DM patients (28/30) and in about half (16/30) of the control group (p < 0.001). Conclusion. Translocation products could trigger diabe­tes related complications. Future interventional work should target these products to reverse their effects.
Factors Affecting Resistance to Change among Hospital Staff using a Structural Equation Modeling Technique

Introduction: Hospitals are complex organizations faced with continuous fundamental changes complicated by expertise diversity. The aim of this study was to investigate the factors influencing hospital employees’ resistance to change.Methods: This cross-sectional study included 510 employees working in hospitals affiliated to Shiraz University of Medical Sciences; they were selected using stratified random sampling. Data were collected through a questionnaire. A structural equation modeling technique using LISREL Version 8.8 tested the hypotheses and conceptual model. Results: Results indicated that dispositional resistance to change and involvement with change directly affected the employees’ resistance to change. Perceived benefits of change to involvement in change were significant (T-values >1.96) and the hypotheses related to these paths were accepted. Perceived benefits of change indirectly affected the employees’ resistance to change by influencing involvement. Dispositional resistance to change and involvement in change (mediator variables) were estimated 0.89, 0.03, and 0.47, respectively. Conclusion: The study results indicated that hospital managers should encourage the employees to actively participate in their change program by strengthening perception of the benefits. This could help reduce the employees’ resistance. Keywords: Change, Resistance, Benefits, Involvement, Hospitals, Employees, Management