Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
An alert correlation platform for memory‐supported techniques

Intrusion Detection Systems (IDS) have been widely deployed in practice for detecting malicious behavior on network communication and hosts. False‐positive alerts are a popular problem for most IDS approaches. The solution to address this problem is to enhance the detection process by correlation and clustering of alerts. To meet the practical requirements, this process needs to be finished fast, which is a challenging task as the amount of alerts in large‐scale IDS deployments is significantly high. We identifytextitdata storage and processing algorithms to be the most important factors influencing the performance of clustering and correlation. We propose and implement a highly efficient alert correlation platform. For storage, a column‐based database, an In‐Memory alert storage, and memory‐based index tables lead to significant improvements of the performance. For processing, algorithms are designed and implemented which are optimized for In‐Memory databases, e.g. an attack graph‐based correlation algorithm. The platform can be distributed over multiple processing units to share memory and processing power. A standardized interface is designed to provide a unified view of result reports for end users. The efficiency of the platform is tested by practical experiments with several alert storage approaches, multiple algorithms, as well as a local and a distributed deployment. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Diaphragm fatigue during exercise at high altitude: the role of hypoxia and workload.

The effect of high altitude (HA) on exercise-induced diaphragm fatigue in normal subjects was examined. Eight normal subjects completed an incremental exercise test at sea level (SL) and at 3,325 m. Before (baseline), during, and after exercise (recovery), maximal transdiaphragm pressure (Pdi,sniff), breathing pattern, and diaphragmatic effort (PTPdi) were measured. Arterialized blood lactate was measured at baseline and during recovery. At maximal exercise (WRmax) Pdi,sniff fell to 72% and 61% of baseline at SL and HA respectively, recovering to baseline in 60 min at SL, and >60 min at HA. At the 5th min of recovery, circulating lactate was six-fold and seven-fold baseline at SL and HA, respectively. The time course of circulating lactate recovery was as for Pdi,sniff. At WRmax PTPdi was 80.74+/-9.87 kPa.s(-1) at SL and 64.13+/-8.21 kPa.s(-1) at HA. HA WRmax compared to isowork rate, SL data showed a lower Pdi,sniff (8.90+/-0.68 versus 11.24+/-0.59 kPa) and higher minute ventilation (117+/-11 versus 91+/-13 L.min(-1)), PTPdi being equal. To conclude, in normal subjects hypoxia-related effects, and not an increase in diaphragm work, hastens exercise-induced diaphragm fatigue and delays its recovery at high altitude compared to sea level.
Plant-Thinking: A Philosophy of Vegetal Life

Foreword by Gianni Vattimo and Santiago ZabalaAcknowledgmentsIntroduction: To Encounter the Plants . Part I. Vegetal Anti-Metaphysics1. The Soul of the Plant2. The Body of the PlantPart II. Vegetal Existentiality3. The Time of Plants4. The Freedom of Plants5. The Wisdom of PlantsEpilogue: The Ethical Offshoots of Plant-ThinkingNotesWorks CitedIndex
Short and sweet: the perinatal origins of type 2 diabetes mellitus

Some 10—15 yr ago, David Barker and colleagues of the Southampton Epidemiology Unit made a sequence of landmark, but controversial, epidemiological observations linking reduction in birth weight with a range of diseases in late adult life, including type 2 diabetes mellitus, Syndrome X, hypertension, cerebrovascular disease, coronary heart disease, and chronic bronchitis (1—6). These observations were enabled by meticulous neonatal and infancy records maintained across several counties in England, from 1911 onward. The findings led Barker to propose his hypothesis regarding the fetal origins of adult disease, now known as the Barker hypothesis. This hypothesis proposes that the origins of adult disease begin in utero. The importance of this simple, fundamental hypothesis has led to unprecedented growth into this new research field with in excess of 1000 publications and a recently incorporated international society, the Society for the Developmental Origins of Health and Disease. Studies linking reduction in birth weight and type 2 diabetes mellitus, or Syndrome X, led Hales et al. to propose the thrifty phenotype hypothesis, a refinement of the Barker hypothesis (7). According to the refined hypothesis, insulin resistance and deficiency (because of b-cell hypoplasia) are the outcome of the undernourished fetus and infant having to be ‘nutritionally thrifty’. For as long as an infant remains undernourished during postnatal life, glucose—insulin metabolism is adequate. A sudden shift to overnutrition, as occurs in modern diets, however, exposes the deficiencies in b-cell function and tissue sensitivity resulting in type 2 diabetes mellitus. In this issue of Pediatric Diabetes, LevyMarchal and Jaquet found, as others, that small for gestational age (SGA) children and adolescents displayed reduced insulin sensitivity with appropriate compensatory hyperinsulinemia, as determined by Bergman’s minimal model (8, 9). Levy-Marchal and Jaquet conclude that those born SGA have normal insulin-secretory capacity, rather than reduced insulinsecretory capacity, as proposed by Hales and Barker. While it is clear that younger SGA people do not have marked impairment in insulin secretion, it is not proven that older people born SGA do not have impaired insulin secretion. To exclude an evolving defect in insulin secretion that would become evident in later adult life would require repeated, formal assessment of maximal insulin-secretory capacity, such as with a hyperglycemic clamp. A second component, insulin resistance, also contributes to long-term outcome. The influence of adverse fetal events on insulin sensitivity in childhood can, now, be extended to adverse perinatal events. We have Pediatric Diabetes 2004: 5: 113—116 Copyright # Blackwell Munksgaard 2004 Printed in Denmark. All rights reserved Pediatric Diabetes
A three-dimensional framework for multi-tier sustainable supply chain management

Purpose This study aims to investigate the under-researched role of the sub-supplier’s direct environment in achieving compliance with multi-tier sustainable supply chain management (MT-SSCM) objectives. Design/methodology/approach Building on conceptual research, this study aims to generalize the characteristics of multi-tier supply chains in light of institutional theory and supply chain (SC) uncertainty to enhance the understanding of their complex interrelationship. Findings A three-dimensional framework is built around the supply and demand uncertainty as well as the pressures for sustainability exerted by the supplier’s direct environment to propose ideal constellations for the application of MT-SSCM. Moreover, research directions and implications for the alteration of suboptimal constellations are developed. Practical implications Incorporating the supplier’s environment in the choice of MT-SSCM practices couples the sustainability priorities of the focal firm and the supplier. This enables a more complete picture of the sustainability objectives and sustainable development aims of the SC partners. Originality/value On the basis of institutional theory, the study extends current MT-SSCM concepts by including the supplier’s direct environment in the choice of ideal management practices in a particular SC setup. It provides a definition of a multi-tier SC as an institutional field and a number of research implications regarding MT-SSCM as well as generic SSCM. Moreover, the proposed framework helps SC managers to understand the complex interplay of the SC partners’ sustainability aims and provides implications for choosing the most suitable MT-SSCM practices.
La gestion du trafic dans les réseaux orientés contenus. (Traffic management in content centric networks)

Content Centric Network (CCN) architecture has been designed to optimize network resources and ensure greater security. The design and the implementation of this architecture are only in its beginning. This work has made some proposals in traffic management related to the internet of the future. We argue that it is necessary to supplement CCN with mechanisms enabling controlled sharing of network bandwidth by competitive flows. Traffic control is necessary to ensure low latency for conversational and streaming flows, and to realize satisfactory bandwidth sharing between elastic flows. These objectives can be realized using ”per-flow bandwidth sharing”. As the bandwidth sharing algorithms in the IP architecture are not completely satisfactory, we proposed the Interest Discard as a new technique for CCN. We tested some of the mechanisms using CCNx prototype software and simulations. In evaluating the performance of multi-paths we noted the role of cache performance in the choice of selected paths. In the second part, we evaluate the performance of caches using a simple approximation for LRU cache performance that proves highly accurate. As caches performance heavily depends on populations and catalogs sizes, we evaluate their performance using popularity and catalogs representing the current Internet exchanges. Considering alpha values, we observe that the cache size should be very large ; which can be restrictive for caches implementation in routers. We believe that the distribution of caches on an architecture creates an excessive bandwidth consumption. Then, it is important to determine a tradeoff bandwidth/memory to determine how we should size caches and where we should place them ; this amounts to evaluate differences, in cost, between architectures.
Relationships between Physical Working Environment Employee Well-being, and Employee Commitment in Hospital Management

The purpose of this article is to analyze relationships between physical conditions of the working environment and employee well-being as well as to analyze relationships between employee well-being with employee commitment in a profession that deals intensively with high level of job stress. The study uses a quantitative approach and involves 72 respondents of medical employee in Brawijaya Women & Children Hospital at South Jakarta, taking into account its recent operational establishment and a business specialty in women and children healthcare. Data was collected through a survey in 2012 by using questionnaire as a research instrument. We adopt Likert scaling with data analysis technique uses Rank Spearman method. The hypothesis is tested using Z-test. Exploratory factor analysis confirms that the measurement scales used in this study met the acceptable standards of validity and reliability analysis. Furthermore, the Rank Spearman correlation analysis shows two important findings: first, physical condition of working environment is significantly correlated with employee well-being; second, employee well-being is significantly correlated with employee commitment.
A Comparative Study of Factors Influencing Purchasing Decisions at D-Mart and Metro in Vijayawada City.

Corporate retail stores are today the focal points for purchasing decisions of middle and high-income groups in urban India. However, each corporate retail store has its own model of retailing. Storing different varieties of products at same locality, location advantage, self-servicing outlets, window shopping, large scale discount, specialty stores are some of the models retailing stores have adopted. But all these retail models are not being popular among the consumers. Consumer’s preferences and choices are varying across different retail models. In this context the present study wants to explore significant difference among corporate retail stores in Vijayawada in consumer preference and choices.
Online privacy regulation in a decentralized, unbounded context: Internet Governance and multi-stake-holder initiatives as regulatory mechanisms

The present paper analyzes the right to privacy in the context of the Internet. The multi-stakeholder initiatives are an alternative that has already provided a regulatory structure on various aspects of the Internet, be it security, free flow of information or online privacy. Although there are elements that make it not a total solution, this paper analyzes some reasons why online privacy should be regulated by mechanisms of Internet Governance and by entities that do not respond only to governments or only to private firms. In this work, a general look at this alternative is given, without neglecting other approaches that should be applied to the topic of online privacy.
Novel Minimum Total-Model-Order Determination for the Inverse of Mixing-Phase Systems and Applications of Communications Equalization

The inverse system approximation using the finite impulse responses (FIR) and the corresponding model-order determination are important to a broad area of communications and signal processing applications. However, there exists no algorithm to determine the minimum total model-order of the appropriate truncated inverse filter to achieve a specified Li approximation error. In this paper, we design a novel model-order determination algorithm, which can be utilized for efficient dynamic memory allocation on cost-effective transceiver platforms since such a minimum total-model-order is proportional to the memory usage for implementing any inverse filter (equalizer).
Mapping the Moon: Using a lightweight AUV to survey the site of the 17th century ship ‘La Lune’

This paper describes the use of a research-driven, highly reconfigurable autonomous underwater vehicle for surveying the site of the historical shipwreck of La Lune. This wreck, from the XVII century, lies in 90m of water near the coast of Toulon in France. The goal of this survey was to create a fast but detailed map of the site, to serve as a base map for subsequent archaeological intervention. The paper overviews the survey setup and the methods used to generate a high resolution optical map. It also highlights some of the important advantages that lightweight AUVs present for archaeological survey missions in terms of operational costs, survey time, the quality of both the acquired data and the mapping outcome, and access to deep sites that are not reachable by traditional archaeological methods.
Using a Montessori method to increase eating ability for institutionalised residents with dementia: a crossover design.

AIMS To investigate the efficacy of applying a Montessori intervention to improve the eating ability and nutritional status of residents with dementia in long-term care facilities. BACKGROUND An early intervention for eating difficulties in patients with dementia can give them a better chance of maintaining independence and reduce the risk of malnutrition. METHODS An experimental crossover design was employed. Twenty-nine residents were chosen from two dementia special care units in metropolitan Taipei. To avoid contamination between participants in units using both Montessori and control interventions, two dementia special care units were randomly assigned into Montessori intervention (I1) and routine activities (I2) sequence groups. A two-period crossover design was used, with 15 residents assigned to Montessori intervention sequence I (I1, I2) and 14 residents assigned to Montessori intervention sequence II (I2, I1). On each intervention day, residents were given their assigned intervention. Montessori intervention was provided in 30-min sessions once every day, three days per week, for eight weeks. There was a two-week washout period between each intervention. RESULTS There was a significant reduction in the Edinburgh Feeding Evaluation in Dementia score for the Montessori intervention period but not for the routine activities period, while the mean differences for the Eating Behavior Scale score, self-feeding frequency and self-feeding time were significantly higher than those of the routine activities period. Except for the Mini-Nutritional Assessment score post-test being significantly less than the pre-test for the routine activities period, no significant differences for any other variables were found for the routine activities period. CONCLUSION This study confirms the efficacy of a Montessori intervention protocol on eating ability of residents with dementia. Adopting Montessori intervention protocols to maintain residents' self-feeding ability in clinical practice is recommended. RELEVANCE TO CLINICAL PRACTICE Montessori-based activities could provide caregivers with an evidence-based nursing strategy to deal with eating difficulties of people with dementia.
Web-Based PHR (Personal Health Records) Systems Adoption

The purpose of this study is to find factors which explain patients' intention to use web-based personal health records (PHR). It is hypothesized that patients' perceived value of information, perceived worthwhileness of searching, concerns about privacy issues, trust in information, and perceived security on web-based PHR systems are related to patients' intention to use PHRs. Using data from health information national trends survey (HINTS), direct and indirect effects of these factors on patients' intention to use PHRs were analyzed. The results show that perceived value of information, privacy, information trust, and security have significant and direct associations to intention to use PHRs. Meanwhile, perceived value of information is a strong antecedent of perceived worthwhileness of searching; however, it has no direct association to intention to use PHRs. The findings suggest that the efforts should be targeted to increase perceived value of the information and trust in privacy and security as well as the information to increase patients' intention to use PHRs.
The rat NK cell receptors Ly49s4 and Ly49i4 recognize nonclassical MHC‐I molecules on Listeria monocytogenes‐infected macrophages

Ly49 receptors in rodents, like KIRs in humans, regulate NK cell activity. Although inhibitory Ly49 receptors clearly recognize MHC‐I molecules, ligands for the activating Ly49 receptors are less well defined. Here, we show that the activating Ly49s4 and the inhibitory Ly49i4 receptors recognize nonclassical MHC‐I molecules on the rat macrophage cell line R2 (RT1d). Listeria infection of R2 macrophages led to increased expression of classical and nonclassical MHC‐I molecules. Coincubation of these infected cells with reporter cells expressing Ly49i4 or Ly49s4 increased the reporter cell responses. These responses were blocked by mAb OX18 (anti‐MHC‐I) and AAS1 (anti‐nonclassical MHC‐I). IFN‐γ treatment of normal R2 cells also increased the MHC‐I expression and enhanced the reporter cell responses. These results suggest that activating and inhibitory Ly49 receptors monitor MHC‐I expression on Listeria‐infected cells.
Unethical conduct by the nurse

The aim of this study was to uncover and critically examine hidden assumptions that underpin the findings of nurses’ unethical conduct arising from inquiries conducted by the Nurses Tribunal in New South Wales. This was a qualitative study located within a post-structural theoretical framework. Transcripts of five inquiries conducted between 1998 and 2003 were analysed using critical discourse analysis. The findings revealed two dominant discourses that were drawn upon in the inquiries to construct nurses’ conduct as unethical. These were discourses of trust and accountability. The way the nurses were spoken about during the inquiries was shaped by normalising judgements that were used to discursively position the nurse through narrative.
Analysis of Factors Influencing Consumer Behavior of Mobile Commerce based on Factor Analysis

The research on the influencing factors of mobile commerce consumer behavior is beneficial for the mobile commerce platform to provide better services for consumers. This paper uses factor Analysis to analyze and correct the influencing factors of mobile commerce consumer behavior, and obtain the index system of influencing factors with weight. According to the analysis results, it concludes the high efficiency, risk and commodity characteristics of mobile commerce, which has important influences on the consumption behavior of mobile commerce. Based on the contribution of secondary indicators, the paper puts forward suggestions for the improvement and perfection of mobile commerce platform. Keywords—Mobile Commerce; Consumer Behavior; Factor Analysis; Influence Factors
The Inhibitory Effects of Ketamine and Pentobarbital on Substance P Receptors Expressed in Xenopus Oocytes

Substance P receptors (SPR) modulate nociceptive transmission within the spinal cord. The effects of IV anesthetics on SPR are not clear. In this study, we investigated the effects of IV anesthetics on SPR expressed in Xenopus oocytes. We examined the effects of ketamine, pentobarbital, propofol, and tramadol on SP-induced Ca2+-activated Cl− currents mediated by SPR expressed in Xenopus oocytes using a whole-cell voltage clamp. Ketamine and pentobarbital inhibited the SPR-induced currents at pharmacologically relevant concentrations, but propofol and tramadol had little effect on the currents. We also studied the effects of ketamine and pentobarbital on [3H]-SP to SPR. Ketamine and pentobarbital inhibited the specific binding of [3H]-SP to SPR expressed in Xenopus oocytes. Scatchard analysis of [3H]-SP binding revealed that ketamine and pentobarbital decreased the apparent dissociation constant for binding and maximal binding, indicating noncompetitive inhibition. The protein kinase C (PKC) inhibitor bisindolylmaleimide I did not abolish the inhibitory effects of ketamine and pentobarbital on SP-induced Ca2+-activated Cl− currents. The results suggest that ketamine and pentobarbital inhibit SPR function. The mechanism of their inhibition on SPR function could not be through activation of the PKC pathway and may be due to noncompetitive displacing the SP binding.
Genetically engineered crops: Consumers’ acceptance and farmers’ adoption

This dissertation consists of three essays broadly themed around understanding consumer acceptance and farmer’s use of genetically engineered crops. Genetic engineering (GE) has developed crops that improve food safety, such as the Innate Potato which produces low levels of acrylamide, known to be cancer-causing in humans. GE has also contributed to improved food security through yield improving crops such as herbicide tolerant crops. The first two essays of this dissertation examine consumer acceptance of the GE Innate Potato and the third essay evaluates adoption of farming practices associated with consequences from the over adopting of herbicide tolerant crops. The first two essays use data from lab auctions to examine how injected information affects consumer’s willingness-to-pay (WTP) for GE and conventional potato products. Consumers receiving information containing positive statements about genetic engineering to improve food safety and information containing the risks of acrylamide consumption had significantly higher WTP for GE potato products. The WTP was highest when these two types of information were paired. However, the injected information did not significantly impact a consumer’s WTP for conventional potato products, even after being informed of the cancer-causing potential of acrylamide. In the first essay I also find order of information is important when receiving both positive and negative information about GE products. Consumers had a significantly higher WTP when positive information follows negative information but not if the order is reversed. On the other hand, if neutral information precedes negative information consumers have a significantly higher WTP but not vice versa.