Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Design and Implementation of Sensorless Electronic Water Pump for Automobile

The electronic water pump will be used more and more widely in the new energy vehicles and other special vehicles. A sensorless electronic water pump for automobile is designed and implemented with the brushless direct current motor (BLDCM) as the driving motor. A sensorless magnetic field oriented control (FOC) scheme using sliding mode observer (SMO) is applied for the motor control. A novel SMO and the phase-locked loop (PLL) for reducing the chattering phenomenon are used to estimate rotor velocity/position from the back electromotive force (EMF), in which a continuous saturation function is applied instead of the sign function. A robust I-f startup strategy is introduced. The hardware circuit design and software algorithm design are presented. The experimental system is set up and some experimental results are demonstrated. The effectiveness and correctness of the proposed hardware design and the software scheme are validated. Experimental results show that the developed electronic water pump is reasonable and feasible with a high cost performance.
Self-quotient Referential Bilateral Filter and Its Application to Real-Time Face Beautification System

In this paper, self-quotient referential bilateral filter is introduced. Although bilateral filter is a well-known edge-preserving smoothing filter, it is difficult to handle with light variation. The proposed filter combines bilateral filter and self-quotient filter, and can handle the image with light variation. In our method, we utilize self-quotient image as a reference filter for bilateral filter. Some experimental results are shown to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method. As an application, we also developed a real-time face beautification system combining face detector and the proposed filter. Throughout the experiments, our method has a potential to be used for real-time face beautification system.
Motion Capture of Character Interactions with a Rope

Motion Capture of Character Interactions with a Rope Bryce Z. Porter Department of Computer Science, BYU Master of Science We present a solution to animating interactions between characters and thin, non-rigid bodies using a passive optical motion capture system. Prior work in human body motion capture can accurately recreate human motion but this work is not adequate because it does not allow for interactions with a non-rigid body. Prior work in face and cloth motion capture handles non-rigid planes but rope is better handled with a curved spline rather than a curved plane. The segmented motion is in the form of un-indexed motion capture data. After segmenting the motion of the thin, non-rigid body and the human character the separated motion capture data can be recreated individually. The recreated motion streams are then recombined using 3D modeling and animation software. The presented solution also improves techniques for recreating thin, non-rigid body motion from un-indexed motion capture data. Using the linear combination of two predicted marker positions our solution can accurately track motion capture markers through each frame of the motion capture data. This also allows our solution to invent marker positions when gaps are present in the motion capture data. Our improvements allow users to reconstruct the motion of both a human character and a thin, non-rigid body simultaneously from motion capture data gathered in a mixed motion capture session.
School and University Partnerships: The Role of Teacher Education Institutions and Primary Schools in the Development of Preservice Teachers’ Science Teaching Efficacy

Science in the Australian primary school context is in a state of renewal with the recent implementation of the Australian Curriculum: Science. Despite this curriculum renewal, the results of primary students in science have remained static. Science in Australia has been identified as one of the least taught subjects in the primary school curriculum, and therefore, the role of the teacher is paramount. Research has explored the significant impact that tertiary education and practical experience, including the role of the science teacher educator and mentor teacher, can have on preservice teachers, in relation to either increasing or calibrating science teaching efficacy beliefs. Such research is significant due to the correlation between teaching self-efficacy and performance. Following a commentary on literature in this field, this article will present recommendations for the development of science partnerships between tertiary institutions and primary schools in Australia.
Hedgerows enhance beneficial insects on farms in California’s Central Valley

Hedgerows of native California shrubs and perennial grasses bordering field crops were examined for the abundance of beneficial and pest insects compared with adjacent weedy areas. During 2 years of sampling in the Sacramento Valley, hedgerows attracted more beneficial than pest insects, while weedy areas showed the opposite trend, attracting significantly more pest than beneficial insects. We conclude that replacing weedy areas at field crop edges with managed hedgerow plantings will sustain or increase beneficial rather than pest insects on farms.
3D Data Products and Web-GIS for Mars Rover Mission for Seamless Visualisation from Orbit to Ground-level

This paper presents a wide range of research and processing results in the area of multi-resolution orbital data co-registration, multiresolution ground 3D reconstruction, and orbit-to-ground data fusion, achieved within the EU-FP7 PRoVisG and PRoViDE project. We focus on three NASA rover missions, MER-A, MER-B, and MSL, to provide examples of automated methods for producing coregistered, multi-resolution 3D products. We highlight the mis-registration discovered between current HiRISE to HRSC datasets, CTX to HRSC and HiRISE to CTX co- results, wide baseline stereo reconstruction results of rover imagery, ground-to-orbit coregistration, i.e. reconstructed wide baseline ground ORI and HiRISE ORI co-registration, and extensive exploitation of the coregistered datasets in visualisation and interactive web-GIS.
Teaching our children when to eat

Background: Emotional eating in children has been related to the consumption of energy-dense foods and obesity, but the development of emotional eating in young children is poorly understood. Objectives: We evaluated whether emotional eating can be induced in 5–7-y-old children in the laboratory and assessed whether parental use of overly controlling feeding practices at 3–5 y of age predicts a greater subsequent tendency for children to eat under conditions of mild stress at ages 5–7 y. Design: Forty-one parent-child dyads were recruited to participate in this longitudinal study, which involved parents and children being observed consuming a standard lunch, completing questionnaire measures of parental feeding practices, participating in a research procedure to induce child emotion (or a control procedure), and observing children’s consumption of snack foods. Results: Children at ages 5–7 y who were exposed to a mild emotional stressor consumed significantly more calories from snack foods in the absence of hunger than did children in a control group. Parents who reported the use of more food as a reward and restriction of food for health reasons with their children at ages 3–5 y were more likely to have children who ate more under conditions of negative emotion at ages 5–7 y. Conclusions: Parents who overly control children’s food intake may unintentionally teach children to rely on palatable foods to cope with negative emotions. Additional research is needed to evaluate the implications of these findings for children’s food intake and weight outside of the laboratory setting. This trial was registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT01122290. Am J Clin Nutr 2015;101:908–13.
Cougars, Puma concolor , in Ontario: Additional Evidence

Recent evidence suggests that the Cougar ( Puma concolor ) has returned to New Brunswick, Quebec, Manitoba, and Ontario. An abundance of sightings have been reported for many decades throughout south-central Ontario, but genetic confirmation has been confounded by a lack of carcasses or DNA. In this paper, we identify (1) genetic evidence of a single Cougar in the wild of Ontario, (2) a gene (cytochrome b) and methodology to distinguish the Cougar from other mammals in Ontario using scats, hair follicles, and soft and hard tissue, and (3) a gene that can distinguish individual Cougars from each other and would distinguish populations of subspecies if they exist in Ontario. Potential Cougar scats and other tissue samples were collected from across Ontario, and hair snares baited with catnip and carnivore lure were placed in locations where Cougar sightings were frequent, near Sudbury, Ontario. We analyzed samples for mtDNA, and one scat sample from the Wainfleet Bog Conservation Area, Port Colborne, Ontario, was positive for Cougar. Evidence from archeological data and Cougar sightings suggests that the historical range of Cougars extended in Ontario from the Great Lakes–St. Lawrence Ecotone south, primarily associated with the Eastern Deciduous Forest Biome and the primary prey of the Cougar, the White-tailed Deer ( Odocoileus virginianus ) and the North American Elk ( Cervus elaphus ). The data suggest that Cougar distribution has moved north in recent times due to clear-cutting, along with their primary prey. Further studies of Cougar presence in the province are warranted.
Physikalische Chemie

Das Buch Molecular Reaction Dynamics von Levine und Bernstein erschien erstmalig 1974. In den Jahren 1987 und 1989 wurde es neu unter dem Titel Molecular Reaction Dynamics and Chemical Reactivity vom Verlag Oxford University Press herausgegeben. Die vorliegende Übersetzung ins Deutsche von C. Schlier deckt eine Lücke im deutschsprachigen Raum und erleichtert so insbesondere Physikund Chemiestudenten der mittleren und höheren Semester den Zugang zu dem faszinierenden und stürmisch sich entwickelnden Gebiet der Erforschung elastischer, inelastischer und reaktiver Stöße
Towards an Understanding of the Complexity of Creative Efforts: A Conflict and Negotiation Perspective

This paper examines movie projects from the perspective of organizational complexity. Drawing on qualitative data collected from production efforts within Pakistan’s movie industry, this paper argues that there are causal relationships between the themes of quality, money, rework, malpractice, delays, and cancellations. Furthermore, feedback loops are present between the themes of ‘quality, money, and rework’ and ‘quality, money, and malpractices’. These loops are consequential in that they often lead to contract cancellation, although the cause of cancellation is different in each case. Whilst the importance of these loops cannot be overstated, we argue that these concepts emphasize the non-linear, emergent, and stable/unstable nature of creative efforts
After an Exhaustive Exercise the Most Prominent Muscle Damage Occurs a Day

Objective: In this research, long-term exercise-trained and untrained rats underwent exhausting exercise. We compared muscle damage, interleukin-6 (IL-6) a product of the muscle cell myoblast and satellite cells in response to muscle injury -,free oxygen radicals that have been reported to be responsible for this damage and, antioxidant levels in both groups. Materials and Methods: After exhausting exercise, trained and untrained rats were sacrificed by taking blood intracardiacally, just after exhaustion, one day and three days following exhaustion. Muscle damage was examined by light microscopy; the immune reactivity of the muscles was examined by IL-6 immunohistochemical evaluation and malondialdehite. Glutathione peroxidase levels of the muscles were assessed spectrophotometrically. Results: After exhaustion, the muscle damage was found to be higher in the untrained group than in the trained group. Maximum muscle damage, IL-6 immunoreactivity and oxidant levels emerged one day after exhaustion in both trained and untrained groups. The drop of oxidants, increase in antioxidants and the visualized regeneration process in histological samples appeared more significantly on day three after the exhaustion in trained animals compared to untrained animals. Three days after exhaustion, IL-6 and oxidant levels were found to decrease, and especially in the trained group, it approached approximately to the level of controls. In the acutely running untrained group, although IL-6 involvement decreased, plasma oxidant levels were still found to be significantly higher and antioxidant levels were lower compared to that in controls. Conclusion: This experiment revealed that the muscles of the exercisetrained rats were more resistant to this type of destructive muscle contraction than untrained rats. The IL-6 levels did not prominently increase just after the exhaustion but one day after exhaustion which made us think that the pro-inflammatory factors might have been suppressed by another agent most probably by cortisol in the beginning of the muscle damage and increased after the diminishing effects of these agents. Turk J Phys Med Rehab 2013;59:229-35.
Knowledge of Medical Students about Pathological Reports

Background: Considering that the only way to transfer data between the pathologist and the medical staff, particularly the therapeutic physician, is a documented report that serves as a base for the physician to diagnose the type, stage and beginning indications of the disease, it stands to reason that the therapeutic physician must possess sufficient proficiency in the comprehension of the pathological report. We aimed is to measure the ability of a medical student to correctly understand a pathological report at the end of a course of study. Methods: This was a retrospective cross-sectional study. The subjects were 60 interns chosen randomly at different stages of internship. Each participant was given either a traditional or newspaper report format. Then, the questionnaires were handed out to assess the results. Results: Overall, 61% of the participants answered the questionnaire. Depending on the topic of the report, there was a highly significant 44-73% differential in the answers given. On the other hand, in comparing the actual formats (traditional and newspaperial), no significant difference was observed. Furthermore, no significant difference was observed in the reports of those interns with more experience. Conclusion: The study showed that possessing more proficiency in the topic had the most impact on the quality of the reports. Furthermore, the reports showed a more thorough understanding when the subject possessed better knowledge of a less complicated topic. Lastly, changing the format of the reports from traditional to newspaperial did not increase the level of comprehension. Keywords: PATHOLOGY, REPORT, MEDICAL STUDENT
Social Support as a Protective Factor for Mental Health

Objective: Th e study aims to determine the impact of social support as a protective factor for health on depression, anxiety, and life satisfaction in patients treated for the diagnoses of F10.2 Alcohol dependence and F32 Depressive episode at psychiatric hospital. Methods: A quantitative approach was selected for the research. To collect data, a questionnaire battery comprising four standardized questionnaires was used: PSSS (Perceived Social Support Scale) by JA Blumenthal, BDI-II (Beck Depression Inventory) by Beck et al., SAS (Self Rating Anxiety Scale) by Zung, and Life Satisfaction Questionnaire by Fahrenberg et al. Results: Th e results of the research indicated that there is a statistically signifi cant diff erence in the levels of social support between the control group and the focus group (patients diagnosed with depression and alcohol dependence). Th e research confi rmed the assumption of the existence of a signifi cant negative relationship between the levels of anxiety and social support in patients diagnosed with alcohol dependence. Furthermore, the results confi rm the protective impact of social support in relation to health. No evidence of the existence of a signifi cant relationship between the levels of depression and social support was found. Th e results of the research likewise indicate that there is a statistically signifi cant diff erence in life satisfaction between the control group and the focus group (patients with alcohol dependence). Finally, the research results suggest that there is a signifi cant positive correlation between the levels of social support and life satisfaction among people with alcohol dependence. Alcohol dependence results in lower life satisfaction. Conclusion: Th e research demonstrated the importance of social support as a protective factor of health. It was confi rmed that in people with alcohol dependence, increased social support decreases anxiety, and in contrast, enhances overall life satisfaction.
Nonspinning binary black hole merger scenario revisited

We present the results of 14 simulations of nonspinning black hole binaries with mass ratios $q=m_1/m_2$ in the range $1/100\leq q\leq1$. For each of these simulations we perform three runs at increasing resolution to assess the finite difference errors and to extrapolate the results to infinite resolution. For $q\geq 1/6$, we follow the evolution of the binary typically for the last ten orbits prior to merger. By fitting the results of these simulations, we accurately model the peak luminosity, peak waveform frequency and amplitude, and the recoil of the remnant hole for unequal mass nonspinning binaries. We verify the accuracy of these new models and compare them to previously existing empirical formulas. These new fits provide a basis for a hierarchical approach to produce more accurate remnant formulas in the generic precessing case. They also provide input to gravitational waveform modeling.
Destination branding identity from the stakeholders ’ perspective

It was debated that in order to establish strong destination branding, understanding the process of image perceived by demand-side and projection by the supply-side is crucial in positioning the destination and to be competitive. Image makingand the creation of brand identity is claim as the important destination branding components that emerge from various involvement and participation in branding process. Arguably, a brand identity for a destination that makes up the brand often is captured from the user point of view, namely the visitor or tourist. However, little was understood as to how the image making and later the branding of destination are projected by the stakeholders and their influence in doing so. This include a collective view of stakeholders such as host community and business operators in determining the projection of image in terms of existing values of social, cultural, historic and geographic.In this context, brand identity through projection of Destination Management Organizations (DMOs) (including host community and business operators), significantly contribute towards existing image. In other words, they are forcing a creation of branding using the vision of how a brand should be perceived by its target market and segmentation.The question that may rise is how this branding process truly acting as a catalyst of a creation towards desirable destination. Drawing on a previous literature of destination brand and destination image, this paper address thefollowing issues; (1) Stakeholders’ involvement particularly local community in tourism development and planning received significant attention butless mentioned in destination branding, even though the roles of stakeholders are very important in communicating the brand message and projecting positive images to the visitors, (2) previous studies in destination branding indicate that less empirical data to support the important of destination identity for branding strategy and therefore there is need for further studies; (3) the relationships between destination identity and destination brand as well as destination image are still unclear and there is confusion among the experts.This paper also highlights the existing gapsin understanding destination identity from the stakeholders’ perspectives to the branding strategy and it suggests future studies to be undertaken.
Performance of real-time scheduling on sensor nodes : comparing scheduling algorithms, resource policies and energy conservation methods in AmbientRT

Wireless sensor networks are used to monitor the environment. In the new era of ubiquitous computing such networks are employed at different locations, to provide functionality and support to the users. These networks are composed out of small sensor nodes, which contain a fast microcontroller and sensors and are typically fed by a battery. To achieve predictable behavior the sensor nodes are equipped with a real-time operating system and a resource policy. A resource is a functionality that is possibly available to the tasks on the sensor node, for example the radio, a sensor or specific data. Furthermore energy conserving policies can be applied to utilize the idle time of the sensor node, to extend its life time. This report compares the performance of three real-time scheduling algorithms on a sensor node, namely the Earliest Deadline First (EDF), the Deadline Monotonic (DM) and the Rate Monotonic (RM) algorithms. The report also compares the transaction and the Nested Critical Section (NCS) resource policies, that can extend the examined scheduling protocols to manage shared resources. Two new policies to conserve energy in combination with real-time scheduling are introduced and examined. The Earliest Deadline First with Inheritance and Scaling (EDFIS) policy lowers the frequency of the microcontroller, while the Temporal Shutdown Scheduling (TSS) policy disables it when there is idle time. Performed tests show that the behavior of the EDF algorithm is most desirable. The transaction resource policy is the best solution when there are a lot of shared resources in the system. When there is an average amount of resources in the system, the NCS resource policy performs best. When a task set has a low utilization, most energy is conserved with the TSS policy. Above an average utilization the EDFIS policy shows the best power savings.
Blackfoot Final Vowels: What Variation and its Absence can Tell us about Communicative Goals

This paper investigates variation in the production of word-final vowels in Blackfoot, an Algonquian language spoken by approximately 3350 people in Southern Alberta and Northern Montana. The Blackfoot community perceives the language as partitioning into varieties, based on the age of the speaker; ‘old Blackfoot’ is richly polysynthetic and spoken by people born in the 1930s and earlier, whereas ‘new Blackfoot’ is thought to be missing certain inflections, and is spoken by people born in the 1940s or later. Final vowels, which encode a morphosyntactic distinction referred to as obviation, are thought to be particularly susceptible to language loss. Gick et al. (2012) document the phonetic properties of one Blackfoot speaker’s final vowels, demonstrating that, for her, final vowels are not absent but instead soundless in some environments, in that there are distinct articulator positions for -a and -i vowels without any corresponding acoustic distinction. We investigate the articulatory, acoustic, and phonological properties of the final vowels of four additional speakers cross-cutting age, dialect, and gender. Using ultrasound, video, and audio recordings, we found that while there is phonetic variation across speakers in the realization of final vowels, not one speaker altogether omits them. In short, there is variation, but of a limited nature. The robustness of the final vowels reflects the fact that they serve an important communicative function in the grammar by encoding obviation. This working paper is available in University of Pennsylvania Working Papers in Linguistics: https://repository.upenn. edu/pwpl/vol23/iss2/6