Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Treatment with beta-blockers, ACE inhibitors, and calcium-channel blockers is associated with a reduced fracture risk: a nationwide case–control study

Background Cardiovascular diseases are associated with disturbances in calcium metabolism, including increased urinary calcium, vitamin D insufficiency, and decreased bone mineral density. Antihypertensive drugs may increase the risk of falling. However, risk of fracture in patients treated with non-diuretic cardiovascular drugs is largely unknown. Aim We investigated associations between fracture risk and treatment with commonly used cardiovascular drugs: beta-blockers, angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors, and calcium-channel blockers. Design A population-based pharmaco-epidemiological case–control study with fracture in year 2000 as outcome and drug use during the previous 5 years as exposure. We used nationwide computerized registers to assess individual use of drugs and related these data to individual fracture records and information on socio-economic and health-related confounders. Results We included 124 655 cases that sustained a fracture and 373 962 age and gender-matched controls. After adjustment for potential confounders, risk of any fracture was reduced by 9% [odds ratio (OR) 0.91; 95% confidence interval (CI), 0.88–0.93] in users of beta-blockers, by 6% (OR, 0.94; 95%CI, 0.91–0.96) in users of calcium-channel blockers, and by 7% (OR, 0.93; 95%CI, 0.90–0.96) in users of ACE inhibitors. Moreover, risk of hip fractures was reduced significantly by 7–14% in users of the three groups of drugs. No major differences were found between men and women or in subjects younger or older than 70 years of age. Sub-analyses indicated differences between groups of calcium-channel blockers, as use of non-dihydropyridine drugs was associated with a larger risk reduction than use of dihydropyridine drugs. Conclusion Treatment with beta-blockers, ACE inhibitors, and calcium-channel blockers is associated with a small but significantly reduced risk of fracture.
The Treatment of Rheumatoid Arthritis Including Gold Salts Therapy.

RHEUMAS~~S2.HEUMATOID arthritis is a common disorder of the joints, almost never causing death but frequently causing proLR E longed disability. Although it is considered to be an infectious disease, its exact cause is still unknown. Rarely does one see spontaneous recovery once the disease is well established. In the past, available treatment did not produce satisfactory results, but since the advent of gold salts therapy we may expect an inactivation of the disease in about so per cent of properly treated cases. Rheumatoid arthritis starts insidiously, or acutely with signs of active infection. Females between i8 and 4o are most commonly affected, although no age is exempt. There are soft fluctuant swellings of the joints, usually symmetrical. The erythrocyte sedimentation rate is usually elevated. There is apt to be considerable loss of weight, a hypochromic anemia and marked muscle wasting. The x-ray sooner or later shows erosions of cartilage and subchrondral bone, with generalized decalcification. While this paper deals exclusively with treatment, it is important to emphasize that the treatment outlined is designed only for bonafide rheumatoid arthritis. One is not justified in administering gold salts unless the diagnosis of rheumatoid arthritis is well established.
Effect of Immunological Unresponsiveness on Different Cell Populations

Specific immunological unresponsiveness is one of several possible states that is directed by contact of the host with antigen. The unresponsive state that the animal body enjoys to self constituents is probably the best example of antigen-directed immunological unresponsiveness. Similar unresponsive states, to a variety of heterologous antigens, have been induced in experimental animals. Since the injection of antigens usually induces an immune response, immunological unresponsiveness is induced only under selected conditions which determine the degree and duration of this unresfK>nsive state. Despite the diversified importance and practical potential of immunological unresponsiveness, little is known, of the mechanism involved in this state. However, the finding of Claman, Chaperon & Triplett (1966) and Miller & Mitchell (1967) that a collaboration between bone marrow and thymus-derived cells is required for an immune response and the observations that the macrophage may also participate in antibody production (Mosier 1967) permitted a cellular approach to elucidating the mechanism involved in several parameters of immunological unresponsiveness. For the most part, this chapter will be devoted to the role of various cell populations in the induction, maintenance, and termination of immunological unresponsiveness.
TransBank: Metadata as the Missing Link between NLP and Traditional Translation Studies

Despite the growing importance of data in translation, there is no data repository that equally meets the requirements of translation industry and academia alike. Therefore, we plan to develop a freely available, multilingual and expandable bank of translations and their source texts aligned at the sentence level. Special emphasis will be placed on the labelling of metadata that precisely describe the relations between translated texts and their originals. This metadata-centric approach gives users the opportunity to compile and download custom corpora on demand. Such a general-purpose data repository may help to bridge the gap between translation theory and the language industry, including translation technology providers and NLP.
Tumor infiltrating lymphocytes in ovarian cancer

The accumulation of tumor infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) in ovarian cancer is prognostic for increased survival while increases in immunosuppressive regulatory T-cells (Tregs) are associated with poor outcomes. Approaches that bolster tumor-reactive TILs may limit tumor progression. However, identifying tumor-reactive TILs in ovarian cancer has been challenging, though adoptive TIL therapy in patients has been encouraging. Other forms of TIL immunomodulation remain under investigation including Treg depletion, antibody-based checkpoint modification, activation and amplification using dendritic cells, antigen presenting cells or IL-2 cytokine culture, adjuvant cytokine injections, and gene-engineered T-cells. Many approaches to TIL manipulation inhibit ovarian cancer progression in preclinical or clinical studies as monotherapy. Here, we review the impact of TILs in ovarian cancer and attempts to mobilize TILs to halt tumor progression. We conclude that effective TIL therapy for ovarian cancer is at the brink of translation and optimal TIL activity may require combined methodologies to deliver clinically-relevant treatment.
Survey of swarm intelligence optimization algorithms

Unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) swarm technology has been a hot topic. The concept of swarm comes from nature, such as the cooperation of bee colony or ant colony, so the research of swarm intelligence (SI) optimization algorithm inspired by swarm activities in nature is beneficial to the development of swarm UAVs technology. The characteristics and principles of eleven SI algorithms are described and analyzed in the paper. The article also analyzed how to combine SI and multi-UAV task assignments. Furthermore, the prospects for development of the SI are discussed.
What Does a Doctor Do with Psychosocial Problems in Primary Care?

Though a lot has been published on the prevalence of psychosocial disorders in primary care, less is known about the actual treatment, given by primary care providers. This article describes treatment given to complaints which are considered by the physician as being psychosocial by nature. Treatment has been assessed by means of observation. A database of approximately 1500 videotaped consultations, sampled from thirty general practitioners has been used for this purpose. The possibilities and limitations of (generalist) psychosocial treatment in primary care are discussed.
Prediction of live lamb chemical composition utilizing electromagnetic scanning (ToBEC).

Electromagnetic scanning was investigated to determine its accuracy in predicting chemical composition in live lambs. Forty-seven Rambouillet wether lambs were scanned with an electromagnetic instrument (ToBEC Model HA-2). Lambs were serially scanned and slaughtered over the weight range of 29.5 to 63.5 kg. Each lamb was scanned twice: before and immediately after 24 h of food deprivation. Chemical composition was determined from whole-animal ground samples by AOAC methods for percentage of DM, CP, ether extract (EE), and Ash. Percentage of fat-free mass (FFM) was calculated from the percentage of moisture and CP. Correlation and stepwise regression procedures were used to identify the most reliable independent variables for predicting chemical composition. Independent variables included electromagnetic scan data and live animal measures for weight, body length, and chest girth circumference. Electromagnetic data included the average scan response curve (PH0) and Fourier transformations (P1T, P1R, P2T, and P2R). Repeatability of the HA-2 model was extremely high (r = .98). Reliable prediction equations were obtained for DM, CP, EE, and FFM (R2 > .66). The percentage of ash could not be predicted from the independent variables. Electromagnetic scan responses contributed little to the model sum of squares. Body weight accounted for the majority of the model sum of squares. Depriving lambs of food for 24 h slightly improved the R2 value and significantly decreased scan responses (P < .01). Body weight was a better predictor of chemical composition over a large weight range than any of the scan responses. Further investigation of the HA-2 is needed to determine whether it is effective in determining differences in live body composition between animals of equal weight.
Saturation and Ducting Effects in a Brushless Doubly-Fed Reluctance Machine

The brushless doubly-fed reluctance machine has two sets of stator windings of different pole number linked by a reluctance type of rotor. The rotor modulates the stator MMF from one winding so that flux links the other winding creating mutual coupling. This is still a research machine and the design methodology is under development. Past works indicates that a ducted rotor with radial laminations is best suited to be the reluctance rotor. In this paper the geometry of the rotor is investigated. If the ducts are too thin then the reluctance ratio is low and the coupling is affected. If they are too wide then the reluctance path for the coupling flux is high and the machine will saturate quickly. It is found, using finite element analysis, that the duct ratio should be about 38% from the results in the paper. This is in line with previous work on synchronous reluctance machines that can also use ducted rotors (although they use axial lamination which are inappropriate for this application).
Design and Performance Evaluation of Error Detection and Correction using Concatenated BCH and LDPC coding Scheme for Data Streams in Satellite Communication

— Continued Research & Development is of paramount importance in the area of error-revising code turns into a vital interest for the perseverance these days in DVB-S2 and flash memory. LDPC codes are proposed for their exceptional error rectifying capability. Then again, the error floor marvel of LDPC codes may not meet the substantial low error rate requirements of flash memory applications. Along these lines, concatenation of BCH and LDPC codes results in greater harmony between magnificent error remedying capability and low error rate turns into an option coding structure. In this work, concatenated coding scheme is proposed. By looking into the past concatenated coding scheme, our outline enhances the error reducing capability in the waterfall region while keeps low error floor.
Performance Analysis and Resource Allocation in CDMA Cellular Networks with Relay Stations

In this paper we address the deployment of cooper- ation in a cellular CDMA environment. In particular, we consider the use of Amplify and Forward to increase the maximum number of users that can be assigned to each base station. In our scenario, a certain number of fixed Relay Stations are positioned within the cell: each of them is assigned a group of Mobile Terminals, whose transmissions are received and retransmitted towards the Base Station. We study the rule for the assignment of Mobile Terminals to the fixed Relay Stations placed in the cell and we investigate the transmission power required by each user in order to reach a given average Signal to Interference plus Noise Ratio (SINR) level. We present numerical results quantifying the increased capability of a cell to accommodate users granted by cooperation in terms of coverage range and dropping probability.
Study on Validity and Reliability of A Turkish Version of the Parental Stress Scale: Neonatal Intensive Care Unit

Parents perceive stressful the hospitalization of their children to the Neonatal intensive care unit (NICU). It is important to measure the level of stress and their reactions to that stress in order to provide nursing interventions to help parents continue to function during this stressful time. This research is planned to translate the Parental Stressor Scale: Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (PSS:NICU) into Turkish and to determine psychometric measures for the Turkish version. The research sample included a total of 123 individuals who were the mothers and fathers (who could be reached) of premature infants receiving care in one of the 4 hospitals’ NICUs in Denizli who met the research criteria and agreed to participate in the research. The internal consistency Cronbach Alpha coefficient was found to be 0.89 for the total scale and 0.90 for the two metrics. Using a sample comprised of 19 mothers the test-retest reliability for the PSS: NICU scale’s subscales was between 0.44-0.60. According to the research results it was determined that the tool can be easily used to determine the level of stress of parents of premature infants in an NICU.
Conservative Linear Difference Scheme for Rosenau-KdV Equation

A conservative three-level linear finite difference scheme for the numerical solution of the initial-boundary value problem of Rosenau-KdV equation is proposed. The difference scheme simulates two conservative quantities of the problem well. The existence and uniqueness of the difference solution are proved. It is shown that the finite difference scheme is of second-order convergence and unconditionally stable. Numerical experiments verify the theoretical results.
Effect of influenza A infection on umbilical cord blood natural killer function regulation with interleukin-15.

BACKGROUND Influenza A is a major pathogen of humans and has the potential to cause worldwide pandemics. Natural killer (NK) cells are important effector cells in the innate immune response against viruses, including influenza A. Infants are more susceptible to severe influenza A viral infection, possibly attributed in part to their defective NK function. METHODS We compared the NK responses to influenza using umbilical cord blood (UCB) and adult peripheral blood (APB) mononuclear cells and purified NK cells. RESULTS Influenza A induced dose-dependent apoptosis of NK cells with down-regulation of NKp46 expression, which was more pronounced in UCB. Both UCB and APB NK cells responded to influenza infection by up-regulating CD69 and CD107a expression, a process further enhanced by interleukin (IL) 15. Influenza exposure also down-regulated perforin expression and K562 cytotoxicity in UCB NK cells, which was partially restored by IL-15. The production of interferon (IFN) γ and tumor necrosis factor (TNF) α by NK cells in responding to influenza was further enhanced by IL-15. CONCLUSIONS Our findings show differential NK responses between newborns and adults. IL-15 may be beneficial in combating influenza by enhancing cytotoxic function and IFN-γ production.
Comparison of the Behavior of Epiphytic Fitness Mutants of Pseudomonas syringae under Controlled and Field Conditions

The epiphytic fitness of four Tn5 mutants of Pseudomonas syringae that exhibited reduced epiphytic fitness in the laboratory was evaluated under field conditions. The mutants differed more from the parental strain under field conditions than under laboratory conditions in their survival immediately following inoculation onto bean leaves and in the size of the epiphytic populations that they established, demonstrating that their fitness was reduced more under field conditions than in the laboratory. Under both conditions, the four mutants exhibited distinctive behaviors. One mutant exhibited particularly large population decreases and short half-lives following inoculation but grew epiphytically at near-wild-type rates, while the others exhibited reduced survival only in the warmest, driest conditions tested and grew epiphytically at reduced rates or, in the case of one mutant, not at all. The presence of the parental strain, B728a, did not influence the survival or growth of three of the mutants under field conditions; however, one mutant, an auxotroph, established larger populations in the presence of B728a than in its absence, possibly because of cross-feeding by B728a in planta. Experiments with B728a demonstrated that established epiphytic populations survived exposure of leaves to dry conditions better than newly inoculated cells did and that epiphytic survival was not dependent on the cell density in the inoculum. Three of the mutants behaved similarly to two nonpathogenic strains of P. syringae, suggesting that the mutants may be altered in traits that are missing or poorly expressed in naturally occurring nonpathogenic epiphytes.
High‐resolution structures of scytalone dehydratase‐inhibitor complexes crystallized at physiological pH

Scytalone dehydratase is a molecular target of inhibitor design efforts aimed at preventing the fungal disease caused by Magnaporthe grisea. A method for cocrystallization of enzyme with inhibitors at neutral pH has produced several crystal structures of enzyme–inhibitor complexes at resolutions ranging from 1.5 to 2.2 Å. Four high resolution structures of different enzyme–inhibitor complexes are described. In contrast to the original X‐ray structure of the enzyme, the four new structures have well‐defined electron density for the loop region comprising residues 115–119 and a different conformation between residues 154 and 160. The structure of the enzyme complex with an aminoquinazoline inhibitor showed that the inhibitor is in a position to form a hydrogen bond with the amide of the Asn131 side chain and with two water molecules in a fashion similar to the salicylamide inhibitor in the original structure, thus confirming design principles. The aminoquinazoline structure also allows for a more confident assignment of donors and acceptors in the hydrogen bonding network. The structures of the enzyme complexes with two dichlorocyclopropane carboxamide inhibitors showed the two chlorine atoms nearly in plane with the amide side chain of Asn131. The positions of Phe53 and Phe158 are significantly altered in the new structures in comparison to the two structures obtained from crystals grown at acidic pH. The multiple structures help define the mobility of active site amino acids critical for catalysis and inhibitor binding. Proteins 1999;35:425–439. © 1999 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Materials that make robots smart

We posit that embodied artificial intelligence is not only a computational, but also a materials problem. While the importance of material and structural properties in the control loop are well understood, materials can take an active role during control by tight integration of sensors, actuators, computation, and communication. We envision such materials to abstract functionality, therefore making the construction of intelligent robots more straightforward and robust. For example, robots could be made of bones that measure load, muscles that move, skin that provides the robot with information about the kind and location of tactile sensations ranging from pressure to texture and damage, eyes that extract high-level information, and brain material that provides computation in a scalable manner. Such materials will not resemble any existing engineered materials, but rather the heterogeneous components out of which their natural counterparts are made. We describe the state-of-the-art in so-called “robotic materials,” their opportunities for revolutionizing applications ranging from manipulation to autonomous driving by describing two recent robotic materials, a smart skin and a smart tire in more depth, and conclude with open challenges that the robotics community needs to address in collaboration with allies, such as wireless sensor network researchers and polymer scientists.
Representation and recognition of the spatial organization of three-dimensional shapes

The human visual process can be studied by examining the computational problems associated with deriving useful information from retinal images. In this paper, we apply this approach to the problem of representing three-dimensional shapes for the purpose of recognition. 1. Three criteria, accessibility, scope and uniqueness, and stability and sensitivity, are presented for judging the usefulness of a representation for shape recognition. 2. Three aspects of a representation’s design are considered, (i) the representation’s coordinate system, (ii) its primitives, which are the primary units of shape information used in the representation, and (iii) the organization the representation imposes on the information in its descriptions. 3. In terms of these design issues and the criteria presented, a shape representation for recognition should: (i) use an object-centred coordinate system, (ii) include volumetric primitives of varied sizes, and (iii) have a modular organization. A representation based on a shape’s natural axes (for example the axes identified by a stick figure) follows directly from these choices. 4. The basic process for deriving a shape description in this representation must involve: (i) a means for identifying the natural axes of a shape in its image and (ii) a mechanism for transforming viewer-centred axis specifications to specifications in an object-centred coordinate system. 5. Shape recognition involves: (i) a collection of stored shape descriptions, and (ii) various indexes into the collection that allow a newly derived description to be associated with an appropriate stored description. The most important of these indexes allows shape recognition to proceed conservatively from the general to the specific based on the specificity of the information available from the image. 6. New constraints supplied by a conservative recognition process can be used to extract more information from the image. A relaxation process for carrying out this constraint analysis is described.
User Interactive and Assistive Fleet Management and Eco-Driving System

Today, in the era of Internet of Things, an enormous amount of research is going on in the direction of probing into vehicle's engine control units for collecting kinematic and diagnostic information, analyzing and integrating them with software platforms and providing valuable services to drivers and passengers. This is largely facilitated by the car's several sensors forming an in-vehicle network which communicates with cloud servers and acts as effective suppliers of massive data. With this objective of efficient data collection and analysis, in this paper, a framework for a low cost integrated web-based platform is proposed for On Board Diagnostic services, vehicle tracking, theft detection and evaluation of a vehicle's performance in terms of fuel efficient driving behavior. A hardware and software tool for communication with vehicle and analysis purpose has been developed.