Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
On the role of entanglement in entangled two-photon absorption molecular spectroscopy

Entangled two-photon absorption (ETPA) is a process characterized by a linear dependence of the absorption rate of entangled pairs on their flux density, leading to tens of orders of magnitude lower flux densities required than in conventional two-photon absorption (TPA) schemes. However, the role of different entangled degrees of freedom in ETPA was unclear following recent experimental studies, when compared to earlier theoretical works. Here, we clarify this situation by investigating ETPA in Rhodamine 6G (Rh6G). We first demonstrate a linear dependence of the ETPA absorption rate with the photon-pair flux, a clear signature of ETPA, and estimate the first values for the concentration-dependent ETPA cross-section for Rh6G.We then investigate the signature of energy-time entanglement and polarization dependence in the ETPA fluorescence rate and demonstrate a strong dependence of the signal on the inter-photon delay that reflects the coherence time of the entangled two-photon wave-packet. In contrast, we show that there is no significant dependence on the polarization.
Deep Reinforcement Learning meets Graph Neural Networks: An optical network routing use case

Recent advances in Deep Reinforcement Learning (DRL) have shown a significant improvement in decision-making problems. The networking community has started to investigate how DRL can provide a new breed of solutions to relevant optimization problems, such as routing. However, most of the state-of-the-art DRL-based networking techniques fail to generalize, this means that they can only operate over network topologies seen during training, but not over new topologies. The reason behind this important limitation is that existing DRL networking solutions use standard neural networks (e.g., fully connected), which are unable to learn graph-structured information. In this paper we propose to use Graph Neural Networks (GNN) in combination with DRL. GNN have been recently proposed to model graphs, and our novel DRL+GNN architecture is able to learn, operate and generalize over arbitrary network topologies. To showcase its generalization capabilities, we evaluate it on an Optical Transport Network (OTN) scenario, where the agent needs to allocate traffic demands efficiently. Our results show that our DRL+GNN agent is able to achieve outstanding performance in topologies unseen during training.
Biomolecular NMR at 1.2 GHz

The development of new superconducting ceramic materials, which maintain the superconductivity at very intense magnetic fields, has prompted the development of a new generation of highly homogeneous high field magnets that has trespassed the magnetic field attainable with the previous generation of instruments. But how can biomolecular NMR benefit from this? In this work, we review a few of the notable applications that, we expect, will be blooming thanks to this newly available technology.
A method to obtain the all order quantum corrected Bose–Einstein distribution from the Wigner equation

A method has been introduced to derive the all order Bose–Einstein distribution as the solution of the Wigner equation. The process is a perturbative one where the Bose–Einstein distribution has been taken as the unperturbed solution. This solution has been applied to calculate the number density of the bosons at finite temperature. The study may be important to investigate the properties of bosons at finite temperature. This process can also be applied to obtain the all order Fermi distribution.
An experimental platform for gathering user behavioural data via browser APIs

Websites are capable of learning a wide range of information about the platform on which a browser is executing. One major source of such information is the set of standardised Application Programming Interfaces (APIs) provided within the browser, which can be accessed by JavaScript downloaded by a website; this information can then either be used by the JavaScript or sent back to the originating site. As has been widely discussed, much of this information can threaten user privacy. The main purpose of this paper is to document a publicly available platform designed to enable further investigation of one class of such threats, namely those based on analysing user behavioural data. The platform has two main components: a Chrome extension that gathers user keystroke and mouse data via browser APIs, and server software that collects and stores this data for subsequent experimentation.
Optimal convergence of a second order low-regularity integrator for the KdV equation

In this paper, we establish the optimal convergence for a second-order exponential-type integrator from Hofmanová & Schratz (2017, An exponential-type integrator for the KdV equation. Numer. Math., 136, 1117–1137) for solving the Korteweg–de Vries equation with rough initial data. The scheme is explicit and efficient to implement. By rigorous error analysis, we show that the scheme provides second-order accuracy in $H^\gamma $ for initial data in $H^{\gamma +4}$ for any $\gamma \geq 0$, where the regularity requirement is lower than for classical methods. The result is confirmed by numerical experiments, and comparisons are made with the Strang splitting scheme.
Constraints on Cosmological Parameters from the 500 deg2 SPTPOL Lensing Power Spectrum

We present cosmological constraints based on the cosmic microwave background (CMB) lensing potential power spectrum measurement from the recent 500 deg2 SPTpol survey, the most precise CMB lensing measurement from the ground to date. We fit a flat ΛCDM model to the reconstructed lensing power spectrum alone and in addition with other data sets: baryon acoustic oscillations (BAO), as well as primary CMB spectra from Planck and SPTpol. The cosmological constraints based on SPTpol and Planck lensing band powers are in good agreement when analyzed alone and in combination with Planck full-sky primary CMB data. With weak priors on the baryon density and other parameters, the SPTpol CMB lensing data alone provide a 4% constraint on . Jointly fitting with BAO data, we find , , and , up to away from the central values preferred by Planck lensing + BAO. However, we recover good agreement between SPTpol and Planck when restricting the analysis to similar scales. We also consider single-parameter extensions to the flat ΛCDM model. The SPTpol lensing spectrum constrains the spatial curvature to be and the sum of the neutrino masses to be eV at 95% C.L. (with Planck primary CMB and BAO data), in good agreement with the Planck lensing results. With the differences in the signal-to-noise ratio of the lensing modes and the angular scales covered in the lensing spectra, this analysis represents an important independent check on the full-sky Planck lensing measurement.
SGP: Spotting Groups Polluting the Online Political Discourse

Social media sites are becoming a key factor in politics. These platforms are easy to manipulate for the purpose of distorting information space to confuse and distract voters. It is of paramount importance for social media platforms, users engaged with online political discussions, as well as government agencies to understand the dynamics on social media, and identify malicious groups engaging in misinformation campaigns and thus polluting the general discourse around a topic of interest. Past works to identify such disruptive patterns are mostly focused on analyzing user-generated content such as tweets. In this study, we take a holistic approach and propose SGP to provide an informative birds eye view of all the activities in these social media sites around a broad topic and detect coordinated groups suspicious of engaging in misinformation campaigns. To show the effectiveness of SGP, we deploy it to provide a concise overview of polluting activity on Twitter around the upcoming 2019 Canadian Federal Elections, by analyzing over 60 thousand user accounts connected through 3.4 million connections and 1.3 million hashtags. Users in the polluting groups detected by SGP-flag are over 4x more likely to become suspended while majority of these highly suspicious users detected by SGP-flag escaped Twitter's suspending algorithm. Moreover, while few of the polluting hashtags detected are linked to misinformation campaigns, SGP-sig also flags others that have not been picked up on. More importantly, we also show that a large coordinated set of right-winged conservative groups based in the US are heavily engaged in Canadian politics.
Global existence of strong solutions to the kinetic Cucker–Smale model coupled with the Stokes equations

In this paper, we investigate existence of global-in-time strong solutions to the kinetic Cucker--Smale model coupled with the Stokes equations in the whole space. By introducing a weighted Sobolev space and using space-time estimates for the linear non-stationary Stokes equations, we present a complete analysis on existence of global-in-time strong solutions to the coupled model, without any smallness requirements on initial data.
Nakajima quiver varieties, affine crystals and combinatorics of Auslander-Reiten quivers

We obtain an explicit crystal isomorphism between two realizations of crystal bases of finite dimensional irreducible representations of simple Lie algebras of type A and D. The first realization we consider is a geometric construction in terms of irreducible components of certain Nakajima quiver varieties established by Saito and the second is a realization in terms of isomorphism classes of quiver representations obtained by Reineke. We give a homological description of the irreducible components of Lusztig's quiver varieties which correspond to the crystal of a finite dimensional representation and describe the promotion operator in type A to obtain a geometric realization of Kirillov-Reshetikhin crystals.
On Harmonic Approximations of Inharmonic Signals

In this work, we present the misspecified Gaussian Cramér-Rao lower bound for the parameters of a harmonic signal, or pitch, when signal measurements are collected from an almost, but not quite, harmonic model. For the asymptotic case of large sample sizes, we present a closed-form expression for the bound corresponding to the pseduo-true fundamental frequency. Using simulation studies, it is shown that the bound is sharp and is attained by maximum likelihood estimators derived under the misspecified harmonic assumption. It is shown that misspecified harmonic models achieve a lower mean squared error than correctly specified unstructured models for moderately inharmonic signals. Examining voices from a speech database, we conclude that human speech belongs to this class of signals, verifying that the use of a harmonic model for voiced speech is preferable.
Topology Comparison of Superconducting AC Machines for Hybrid Electric Aircraft

Electric machines with very high power-to-weight ratios are inevitable for hybrid electric aircraft applications. One potential technology that is very promising to achieve the required power-to-weight ratio for short-range aircraft is using superconductors for high current densities in the stator or high magnetic fields in the rotor. In this work, an in-depth analysis of potential fully and partially superconducting machines is performed, taking into account all relevant physical domains such as electromagnetics, superconducting properties, thermal behavior as well as structural mechanics. For the requirements of the motors in the NASA N3-X concept aircraft, we find that fully superconducting machines could achieve 3.5 times higher power-to-weight ratio than partially superconducting machines. Furthermore, the model can be used to calculate the relevant key performance indicators such as mass, efficiency, and cryogenic cooling requirements for any other machine design.
Lurking Inferential Monsters? Quantifying bias in non-experimental evaluations of school programs

This study examines whether unobserved factors substantially bias education evaluations that rely on the Conditional Independence Assumption. We add 14 new within-study comparisons to the literature, all from primary schools in England. Across these 14 studies, we generate 42 estimates of selection bias using a simple matching approach. A meta-analysis of the estimates suggests that the distribution of underlying bias is centered around zero. The mean absolute value of estimated bias is 0.03{\sigma}, and none of the 42 estimates are larger than 0.11{\sigma}. Results are similar for math, reading and writing outcomes. Overall, we find no evidence of substantial selection bias due to unobserved characteristics. These findings may not generalise easily to other settings or to more radical educational interventions, but they do suggest that non-experimental approaches could play a greater role than they currently do in generating reliable causal evidence for school education.
The Levels of Some Biochemical Parameters in Anatolian Buffaloes With Trichophytosis

The aim of this study is to identify some biochemical parameters levels in Anatolian buffaloes with trichophytosis. The material occur forty Anatolian buffaloes divided in two groups, fifteen Anatolian buffaloes placed in control group and remaining twenty five Anatolian buffaloes served as experimental group, diagnosed as trichophytosis following clinical and microbiological examination. Serum produced from the blood taken out the vena jugularis of all the Anatolian buffaloes. Serum aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT), total protein (TP), albumin (ALB), blood urea nitrogen (BUN), total bilirubin (TBil) and creatine concentrations in the serum were measured by using commercial kits. While Anatolian buffaloes with trichophytosis serum ALT and AST levels were found higher (p<0.05) than the control group. BUN and creatine levels were found higher (p<0.05) in the control group. Besides, there were no difference found between the groups regarding the TP, ALB, TBil and GGT concentrations. As a result, while trichophytosis in Anatolian buffaloes causes ALT and AST concentrations to increase, it decreases the BUN and creatine concentrations. It is thought that this situation takes place as a result of the bad effect of trichophytosis on liver. Keyword: Anatolian buffalo, trichophytosis, ALT, AST, BUN Trikofitozisli Anadolu Mandalarında Bazı Biyokimyasal Parametrelerin Seviyeleri
Title Building Tobacco Cessation Capacity in Homeless Shelters : A Pilot Study Permalink

Tobacco use is common among homeless adults, yet few homeless shelters offer tobacco dependence treatment. Using a pre-intervention and post-intervention study design, we pilot tested the feasibility of a capacity building intervention that consisted of a 3.5-h training for shelter staff to provide cessation counseling. Staff (n = 12) and homeless clients (n = 46) completed questionnaires at pre-intervention, post-intervention (6 weeks), and at 12-weeks follow-up. Staff completed a questionnaire on tobacco-related knowledge, attitudes toward and practices around treating tobacco dependence, and self-efficacy in providing cessation counseling (score range 1–5). Clients completed a questionnaire on tobacco-related knowledge, attitudes toward tobacco dependence, and receipt of tobacco-related services from the program (score range 1–5). We used repeated measures linear regression analysis to examine change in scores over time. From pre-intervention to post-intervention, staff knowledge (b coefficient 0.4, 95 % CI 0.1–0.8) and efficacy (b coefficient 0.4, 95 % CI 0.2–0.7) in treating tobacco dependence increased. Client receipt of tobacco-related program services increased significantly from post-intervention to follow-up (b coefficient 0.3, 95 % CI 0.1–0.5). A brief capacity building intervention has the potential to increase tobaccorelated interventions among clients in homeless shelters.
Regulation of Heterochromatic Silencing and Histone H 3 Lysine-9 Methylation by RNAi

Eukaryotic heterochromatin is characterized by a high density of repeats and transposons, as well as by modified histones, and influences both gene expression and chromosome segregation. In the fission yeast Schizosaccharomyces pombe, we deleted the argonaute, dicer, and RNA-dependent RNA polymerase gene homologs, which encode part of the machinery responsible for RNA interference (RNAi). Deletion results in the aberrant accumulation of complementary transcripts from centromeric heterochromatic repeats. This is accompanied by transcriptional de-repression of transgenes integrated at the centromere, loss of histone H3 lysine-9 methylation, and impairment of centromere function. We propose that double-stranded RNA arising from centromeric repeats targets formation and maintenance of heterochromatin through RNAi.
Influence of hostplant sex and habitat on survivorship of insect galls within the geographical range of the hostplant

This study evaluated the influence of host-plant sex and habitat on the abundance and survivorship of the galling Psyllidae, Neopelma baccharidis Burckhardt 1987 (Homoptera) on several populations of the host-plant Baccharis dracunculifolia De Candole (Asteraceae) within its geographical range in Brazil. Three questions were addressed: (i) what is the effect of host-plant sex and the habitat occupied by Baccharis dracunculifolia on the abundance of galls induced by Neopelma baccharidis? Plant sex did not affect the ab.undance of gal1s per plant while host-plant habitat had a significant effect. Twice as many galls wer~ . found on plants in xeric habitats as on plants in mesic habitats; (ii) what is the influence of host-plant sex and habitat on the survivorship rates of Neopelma baccharidis? Populations occurring in mesic habitats suffered 3 times greater mortality than populations in xeric habitats; (iii) does the richness and abundance of inquilines of Neopelma baccharidis gal1s vary between habitats? Habitat type did not influence the pattern of inquiline richness. The abundance of inquilines was also very similar between xeric (51%) and mesic habitats (49%). This study suggests that host-plant sex did not affect the abundance of the psyllid gal1s on B. dracunculifolia, while the habitat occupied by the host-pla,nt had a strong influence on gal1 abundance, with more gal1s occurring in xeric habitats than in mesic habitats. Otherwise, no effect of habitat was found on gal1 inquilines. The mechanism generating the pattern of gal1 abundance was the differential mortality of gal1s between habitat"types.
Cumulative meta-analysis of interleukins 6 and 1 beta , tumour necrosis factor alpha and C-reactive protein in patients with major depressive disorder

Cumulative meta-analyses are used to evaluate the extent to which further studies are needed to confirm or refute a hypothesis. We used this approach to assess observational evidence on systemic inflammation in individuals with major depressive disorder. We identified 58 studies of four common inflammatory markers in a literature search of PubMed, Embase and PsychInfo databases in May 2014. Pooled data from the earliest eight studies already showed an association between interleukin-6 concentrations and major depression; 23 more recent studies confirmed this finding (d = 0.54, p < 0.0001). A significant association between C-reactive protein levels and major depression was noted after 14 studies and this did not change after addition of six more studies (d = 0.47, p < 0.0001). For these two inflammatory markers, there was moderate heterogeneity in study-specific estimates, subgroup differences were small, and publication bias appeared to be an unlikely explanation for the findings. Sensitivity analyses including only high-quality studies and subjects free of antidepressant medication further verified the associations. While there was a link between tumour necrosis factor-a levels and major depression (d = 0.40, p = 0.002), the cumulative effect remained uncertain due to the extensive heterogeneity in study-specific estimates and inconsistencies between subgroups. No evidence was found for the association between interleukin-1b levels and major depression (d = 0.05, p = 0.86). In conclusion, this cumulative meta-analysis confirmed higher mean levels of interleukin-6 and C-reactive protein in patients with major depression compared to non-depressed controls. No consistent association between tumour necrosis factor-a, interleukin-1b and major depression was observed. Future studies should clarify the specific immune mechanisms involved as well as continue testing anti-inflammatory therapies in patients suffering from major depression. 2015 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Inc. This is an open access article under the CC BY license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
Pass-Through in a Concentrated Industry : Empirical Evidence and Policy Implications ∗

We estimate pass-through with nearly 40 years of data from a concentrated industry. The empirical model accounts for oligopoly interactions and allows us to distinguish the effects of plant-specific and industry-wide cost changes, even though the available price data are aggregated to the regional level. Our results indicate that industry passthrough is complete, regardless of competitive conditions, but that the pass-through of firm-specific cost changes is incomplete and decreases in the degree of competition. The industry in question, portland cement, is a major focus of environmental and antitrust policy-makers. We use our pass-through estimates to (i) calculate that consumers would bear 80% of the burden of market-based CO2 regulation; (ii) corroborate the simulation-based analysis of the EPA regarding its impending regulation of local pollutants; and (iii) predict the magnitude and location of price effects that would arise due to a merger currently under review by antitrust authorities.
The Mars Exploration Rover ( MER ) missions of Spirit and Opportunity have now each spent over a full Martian year traversing and performing scientific observations in Gusev crater and Meridiani Planum

[1] We have derived quantitative color estimates of the Martian sky from data acquired by the Panoramic Cameras (Pancams) on the Mars Exploration Rovers Spirit and Opportunity. We calculate the perceptual color of the sky directly from the absolute radiometric calibration of the cameras, following similar approaches to those used in previous studies with Viking Lander and Mars Pathfinder data. We further use these measurements to study changes in sky color throughout the MER missions and to compare these to changes in atmospheric opacity determined from direct solar imaging by the Pancams. We have derived a functional relationship between sky color and optical depth and discuss its possible uses and limitations. Finally, we simulate changes in sky color as suspended dust is removed and present visual representations of these based on modeling results, past studies, and observed MER sky brightnesses. The color of the Martian sky as opacity decreases from 1.0 to 0.0 is estimated to change from ‘‘dark yellowish brown’’ at high opacity to ‘‘bluish-black’’ or ‘‘black’’ if dust-free.