Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The C-terminal fibrinogen-like domain of angiopoietin-like 4 stimulates adipose tissue lipolysis and promotes energy expenditure

Angptl4 (Angiopoietin-like 4) is a circulating protein secreted by white and brown adipose tissues and the liver. Structurally, Angptl4 contains an N-terminal coiled-coil domain (CCD) connected to a C-terminal fibrinogen-like domain (FLD) via a cleavable linker, and both full-length Angptl4 and its individual domains circulate in the bloodstream. Angptl4 inhibits extracellular lipoprotein lipase (LPL) activity and stimulates the lipolysis of triacylglycerol stored by adipocytes in the white adipose tissue (WAT). The former activity is furnished by the CCD, but the Angptl4 domain responsible for stimulating adipocyte lipolysis is unknown. We show here that the purified FLD of Angptl4 is sufficient to stimulate lipolysis in mouse primary adipocytes and that increasing circulating FLD levels in mice through adenovirus-mediated overexpression (Ad-FLD) not only induces WAT lipolysis in vivo but also reduces diet-induced obesity without affecting LPL activity. Intriguingly, reduced adiposity in Ad-FLD mice was associated with increased oxygen consumption, fat utilization, and the expression of thermogenic genes (Ucp1 and Ppargc1a) in subcutaneous WAT. Moreover, Ad-FLD mice exhibited increased glucose tolerance. Chronically enhancing WAT lipolysis could produce ectopic steatosis because of an overflow of lipids from the WAT to peripheral tissues; however, this did not occur when Ad-FLD mice were fed a high-fat diet. Rather, these mice had reductions in both circulating triacylglycerol levels and the mRNA levels of lipogenic genes in the liver and skeletal muscle. We conclude that separating the FLD from the CCD-mediated LPL-inhibitory activity of full-length Angptl4 reveals lipolytic and thermogenic properties with therapeutic relevance to obesity and diabetes.
What I have and what I do: The role of resource loss and gain throughout life

and communal coping on anger during pregnancy among women with multiple roles. Psychology of Women Quarterly, 21, 645±662. Wells, J., Hobfoll, S.E. , & Lavin, J. (1999). When it rains, it pours: The greater impact of resource loss compared to gain on psychological distress. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 25, 1172±1182. Westman, M. , & Eden, D. (1997). Effects of a respite from work on burnout: Vacation relief and fade-out. Journal of Applied Psychology, 82, 516±527. Westman, M. , & Etzion, D. (1995). Crossover of stress, strain, and resources from one spouse to another. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 16, 169±181. Wright, T.A. , & Cropanzano, R. (1998). Emotional exhaustion as a predictor of job performance and voluntary turnover. Journal of Applied Psychology, 83, 486±493.
Notes on the geographical distribution and host preferences in the order Siphonaptera. 1. Pulicidae.

This is the first of a series of papers in summation of our current knowledge of flea distribution relative to both land masses and hosts. Evaluation is carried to the species level and the organization of the paper permits its utilization as a check-list of the genera and species of fleas. All known members of the family Pulicidae are treated.
E-Business Developmental Issues in the Australian Food Industry

This paper discusses e-business developmental issues in the Australian Food industry that were identified from a research project funded by the Australian Research Council. Data was gathered from interviews with 11 food organisations in the year 2000, most of which can be classified as ‘bricks and clicks’. These 11 companies were traditional businesses that had adopted e-business as a new way of doing business. The findings of the paper highlight the fact that the B2B is the predominant e-business model in the Australian Food Industry, EDI is an important foundation technology platform for developing B2B e-business, e-procurement was an important reason for adopting B2B e-business and improved supply chain management was the most important achievement from E-Business for these organizations. It also highlighted the fact e-business developed in-house with an IT department managed e-business sites better than those that outsourced the development.
Intra-arterial infusion chemotherapy in the multimodality treatment for locally advanced buccal cancer in Taiwan

1 Department of Radiation Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan 2 Department of Radiation Oncology, Kaohsiung Medical Univers ty Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan. 3 Cancer Center, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Ka ohsiung, Taiwan. 4 Department of Medical Research, Kaohsiung Medical Univer sity Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan 5 Department of Nursing, Min-Hwei College of Health Care Management, Ta i an, Taiwan 6 Department of Oral Maxillofacial Surgery, Kaohsiung Medical Uni versity Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan 7 Department of Oral Pathology, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
Application of the Haar wavelet to mura detection for polarizer

“Mura” is a local lightness variation without a clear contour on a uniform surface image, which imparts an unpleasant sensation to human vision. There exist three common types of mura including line mura, band mura, and area mura. In this study, the Haar wavelet transform method is applied to detect muras on the polarizer. Because of its capability of multi-resolution analysis for digital images, different sized muras at different locations can be segmented. Since the Haar wavelet transform cannot extract all high frequency components from an image at one time, the original image is decomposed into a main image and a sub-image at the beginning. Then the wavelet transform technique is implemented to extract all high frequency components from these two images. Experiments were extensively conducted on different frequencies and sizes of muras. Experimental results show that the presented approach is able to detect all line muras, as well as most band and area muras.
ANALYSIS OF DIAGNOSTIC METHODS AND THEIR SENSITIVITY TEST FOR MYCOBACTERIUM TUBERCULOSIS

Tuberculosis (TB) is one of the major causes of death in the world which is caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis. The rate of mortality is high if it is conjugated with HIV. The multiple drug resistant strains make it difficult to diagnose and treat the disease. It can be easily spread around the world so there is a need to evolve new diagnostic methods that are rapid, cost effective and easy to use. Many methods have been used since years for diagnosis of disease. Some of the conventional methods are smear microscopy, chest radiography, cultivation of mycobacterium. But, in recent years many new molecular and advanced techniques have been used that are more specific and sensitive. These techniques are less time consuming and gives very few false positive results thereby, making diagnosis cost effective. In this article, some of the conventional and new advanced molecular diagnosis methods have been reviewed and there sensitivity and specificity has been taken into consideration.
Solution structure and dynamics of yeast elongin C in complex with a von Hippel-Lindau peptide.

Elongin is a transcription elongation factor that stimulates the rate of elongation by suppressing transient pausing by RNA polymerase II at many sites along the DNA. It is heterotrimeric in mammals, consisting of elongins A, B and C subunits, and bears overall similarity to a class of E3 ubiquitin ligases known as SCF (Skp1-Cdc53 (cullin)-F-box) complexes. A subcomplex of elongins B and C is a target for negative regulation by the von Hippel-Lindau (VHL) tumor-suppressor protein. Elongin C from Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Elc1, exhibits high sequence similarity to mammalian elongin C. Using NMR spectroscopy we have determined the three-dimensional structure of Elc1 in complex with a human VHL peptide, VHL(157-171), representing the major Elc1 binding site. The bound VHL peptide is entirely helical. Elc1 utilizes two C-terminal helices and an intervening loop to form a binding groove that fits VHL(157-171). Chemical shift perturbation and dynamics analyses reveal that a global conformational change accompanies Elc1/VHL(157-171) complex formation. Moreover, the disappearance of conformational exchange phenomena on the microsecond to millisecond time scale within Elc1 upon VHL peptide binding suggests a role for slow internal motions in ligand recognition.
Computerized delineation of nuclei in liquid‐based Pap smears stained with immunohistochemical biomarkers

Infection with high‐risk human papillomaviruses (hrHPVs) is a frequent cause of cervical intraepithelial neoplasias and carcinomas. The recently developed p16/Ki67 dual stain of cytologic preparations possesses superior specificity over current HPV testing for detecting moderate‐ and high‐grade dysplasias and can potentially be applied in routine cytology screening. Image analysis can possibly improve the efficiency of evaluating Papanicolaou (Pap) smears, if dual‐stained nuclei are accurately localized and reliably distinguished from the background of other cells.
Radiation sensitivities of Acinetobacter strains isolated from clinical sources

For twelve clinical strains genetically grouped together with Acnetinobacter radioresistens FO‐1T, the radiation sensitivity was measured. Their D10 values in γ‐ray irradiation under N2‐equilibrium were 0.24 to 0.93 kGy and about 1/10 to 1/3 of that of the radiation‐resistant strain FO‐1. The results showed that the genospecies A. radioresistens contained some radiation‐sensitive strains.
Supporting hospital renewal through strategic environmental sustainability programs

Although the impact the environment can have on human health is well understood, the healthcare system’s impact on the environment is a topic that’s only been explored since the mid-1990s. More recent has been a realization of the risks that climate change poses to health and healthcare. Although there are numerous direct benefits for hospitals adapting environmental sustainability programs, this article examines how the systemic approach taken by the University Health Network’s (UHN) Energy & Environment program not only improves the hospital’s environmental performance and provides significant cost savings but also supports several areas of focus that are part of UHN’s current journey of renewal.
Opportunistic channel assignment for Multihop Cellular Network handoff QoS improvement

With the number of subscribers in cellular networks increasing at an enormous rate, the limited bandwidth resources are under high stress. To meet the ever increasing spectrum demand, the advent of a new generation in cellular technology is inevitable. Multihop Cellular Network (MCN) characteristics appear to shape the fifth generation (5G) cellular networks. These networks are capable of reusing the bandwidth within the cells, effectively providing more channels with the limited spectrum available. However, when the nodes are highly mobile, the MCNs are faced with the problem of high handoffs due to rapid changes in the topology resulting in degradation of the Quality of Service (QoS). In this paper, we propose an algorithm that opportunistically allocates multihop and singlehop channels to improve the handoff QoS for highly mobile users. The users moving faster than a dynamically determined threshold are allotted singlehop channels by the BTS so that the average handoffs per call are maintained at an acceptable level. We also conclude that instead of pre-dedicating the channels for single hop and multihop use, a dynamic assignment of multihop/singlehop status to channels improves the handoff QoS with minimal increase in the blocking.
Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Comorbidity and Clinical Implications in Patients With Severe Mental Illness

Abstract Traumatic experiences and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) are more frequent in patients with serious mental illness than in the general population. This study included 102 patients with schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, and schizoaffective disorder, according to Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fourth Edition (DSM-IV) criteria. Epidemiological and clinical data were collected using the Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale and Traumatic Life Events and Distressing Event questionnaires. We found a high number of traumatic experiences, and 15.1% of the patients met all criteria for PTSD. We found no differences based on diagnosis or sex, although there was a nonsignificant trend toward greater PTSD comorbidity in women. Among patients with serious mental illness and PTSD, 64.3% had made some attempt at suicide at some point in life, compared with 37.4% of patients without PTSD.
A new oxygen saturation images of iris tissue

Oxygen saturation is an indicator of oxygen transport in the body, and indicates if sufficient oxygen is being supplied to the body, especially to the skin and surface. Based on a new proposed algorithm of NIR image correction of the arterial oxygen saturation (SpO2), we have developed a two-dimensional oxyhemoglobin saturation measurement which is demonstrated by using the combination technique of multispectral imaging and a proposed calibration method. Dual-spectral images are acquired under the uniform illumination at the wavelengths for 633 and 940 nm to derive the images diffusely reflected light from the skin tissue. For calibrating the superficially reflected light from the skin, the skin tissue and a proposed diffusive material for reflection comparison are all illuminated by LED array light. After the 2D reflection images are taken, a new algorithm of oxygen saturation images are developed to calibrate and build two dimension information of oxygen saturation. The haemoglobin oxygen saturation levels corresponding to all image pixels are estimated by the parameters derived from the proposed calibration method with respect to calibration conditions of different oxygenated haemoglobin. We successfully develop a new calibration algorithm by using the charge-coupled device (CCD) camera to receive the images. The system adopts two proper red and near-infrared wavelengths to derive the iris tissue blood oxygen saturation and investigate their correlation for medical diagnosis.
A 194 GHz fundamental frequency oscillator with 1.85 mW differential output power in 65nm CMOS

A high output power and high fundamental frequency CMOS oscillator is presented in this paper. To increase output power, the source inductor at the core transistor is coupled with the drain inductor at the buffer transistor through a transformer. A capacitive load reduction circuit (CLRC) is also used to increase the fundamental oscillation frequency. The proposed single-core fundamental oscillator is implemented using 65 nm CMOS technology. The measurement results show a fundamental frequency of 194 GHz and maximum differential output power of 1.85 mW.
The Complications of Tracheal Intubation: A New Classification With a Review of the Literature

The literature on complications of tracheal intubation is reviewed and a new classification is proposed for these complications. Incidents and accidents (early or immediate complications) are arranged in three etiopathogenic classes and in topographic subclasses, the status of endotracheal intubation being divided into three distinct periods: I: the act of intubation; II: the tube in place; III: extubation. Sequelae (late complications) are classified according to clinico-pathologic criteria.The etiologic factors of sequelae are divided into three groups: predisposing factors, adjuvant factors, and decisive or determinant factors.Possible prevention or remedy of many complications is presented.
Development of a Novel Microimpact-Fatigue Tester and Its Application to Impact Reliability of Lead-Free Solder Joints

Drop-impact forces cause portable electronic devices to fail. Assessment of resistance against drop-impact force is required to predict life of an electronic package. Several methods have been used to evaluate impact-fatigue life and other advanced methods have been proposed. However, such conventional impact tests require excessive time and cost. In this paper, a novel micro-impact-fatigue tester is developed to overcome such drawbacks of conventional methods. A newly developed impact-fatigue apparatus directly applies impact force to solder joints and measures deformation of the solder joints. The impact-fatigue test apparatus consists of an electromagnetic actuator, an impact-pin, a load-cell, a displacement sensor, and a main frame. Electromagnetic actuator produces a repeatable impact force with a changeable amplitude and pulse duration. Impact-fatigue apparatus was used to test reliability of a lead-free solder (96.5Sn4.0Ag0.5Cu). An evaluation of impact-fatigue life was performed over a wide range of 1-104 cycles with various applied forces ranging from 40 N to 110 N. Two failure modes were observed in a section inspection. First type of failure was a mixed mode failure, where a bulk solder failure and interface failure coincide and the relation between the impact load and fatigue life is almost linear. Stress-based life-prediction model is proposed for the mixed mode failure. The second type of failure, interface failure between the Ni(P) layer and the solder, occurs under a high-load condition. Fatigue life is shorter in the second type of failure than in the mixed mode failure. Brittleness of the interface reduces the impact-fatigue life.
Essential fatty acids as possible mediators of the actions of statins.

Statins and polyunsaturated fatty acids have similar actions: both enhance endothelial nitric oxide synthesis, inhibit the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines, lower cholesterol levels, prevent atherosclerosis and are of benefit in coronary heart disease, stroke and osteoporosis. Statins enhance the conversion of linoleic acid and eicosapentaenoic acid to their long chain derivatives. Animals with essential fatty acid deficiency show an increase in HMG-CoA reductase activity, which reverts to normalcy following topical application of linoleic acid. Similarly to statins, polyunsaturated fatty acids also inhibit HMG-CoA reductase activity. In view of the similarity in their actions and as statins influence essential fatty acid metabolism, it is suggested that essential fatty acids and their metabolites may serve as second messengers of the actions of statins.
The Effects of Parental Imprisonment on Children

The number of children experiencing parental imprisonment is increasing in Western industrialized countries. Parental imprisonment is a risk factor for child antisocial behavior, offending, mental health problems, drug abuse, school failure, and unemployment. However, very little is known about whether parental imprisonment causes these problems. Parental imprisonment might cause adverse child outcomes because of the trauma of parent‐child separation, stigma, or social and economic strain. Children may have worse reactions to parental imprisonment if their mother is imprisoned or if parents are imprisoned for longer periods of time or in more punitive social contexts. Children should be protected from harmful effects of parental imprisonment by using family‐friendly prison practices, financial assistance, parenting programs, and sentences that are less stigmatizing for offenders and their families.
simultaneous two-photon calcium imaging at different depths with spatiotemporal multiplexing

nature methods | ADVANCE ONLINE PUBLICATION | Optical probing of neuronal activity with fluorescent calcium indicators is a powerful approach to study information processing in the brain1. In particular, calcium imaging with two-photon laser scanning microscopy (2PLSM)2 is an ideal tool for recording network activity in vivo because it is less invasive than electrophysiology, more cells can be monitored simultaneously, and one can identify the cells being recorded3. Recently, several approaches have been introduced to overcome the traditionally slow raster scanning in two-photon calcium imaging (2PCI), including acoustooptic deflectors (AODs) or targeted path scanning with closedloop scanning mirrors4–7. Thus, as better fluorescent probes and methods for enhancing excitation and detection become available, temporal resolution in 2PCI will improve and reporting of action potential firing will be possible for large groups of neurons in volumes of tissue in vivo. Another way to improve temporal resolution in 2PCI is to scan the sample with multiple beams in parallel8,9. In fact, because time resolution, signal-to-noise ratio and field of view are closely related in 2PCI, multifocal scanning would lead to improvements in all of these areas. For instance, in cases for which nonlinear photodamage is a limitation10, scanning with multiple beams simultaneously and increasing the rate at which laser pulses are delivered to the sample will increase the signal-to-noise ratio11. Another potential simultaneous two-photon calcium imaging at different depths with spatiotemporal multiplexing Adrian Cheng1–3,5, J Tiago Gonçalves2,5, Peyman Golshani2, Katsushi Arisaka1,4 & Carlos Portera-Cailliau2,3
IDSA guidelines on group A streptococcal pharyngitis vis-a-vis tonsillectomy recommendations.

TO THE EDITOR—The clinical practice guideline for tonsillectomy in children recently published as a supplement by in Otolaryngology–Head and Neck Surgery by Baugh et al [1] was incorrectly referenced regarding the tonsillectomy recommendations in the streptococcal pharyngitis 2012 update in Clinical Infectious Diseases [2]. The scope of our tonsillectomy guideline does not include adults, nor do the other 3 references listed in the Infectious Diseases Society of America guideline [1, 3–5]. The criteria identified in the article, “the rare patient whose symptomatic episodes do not diminish in frequency over time” and “for whom no alternative explanation for recurrent GAS [group A Streptococcus] pharyngitis is evident” [2] do not reflect the criteria specified in our guideline [1], the best available medical evidence, or even the other references listed [3–5]. The surgical conclusions that “tonsillectomy has been demonstrated to be beneficial only for a relatively small group of these patients” and that “any benefit can be expected to be relatively short-lived” are ambiguous, potentially misleading statements [2]. It is disappointing that these unsupported, ill-defined summary assertions were not even identified as potentially controversial (ie, judged as controversial, limited, conflicting, or in need of additional research) [2]. Our guideline, which makes clear appropriate surgical recommendations based upon the best medical evidence, has been endorsed by the American Academy of Pediatrics and is listed in their approved pediatric clinical practice guidelines and policies [1]. The evidence that would permit extrapolation of the pediatric outcomes to adults is lacking and is insufficient to justify the statements made.