Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
PROPIEDADES PSICOMÉTRICAS DE LA PRUEBA BREVE DE FUNCIONAMIENTO (FAST) EN PACIENTES BIPOLARES MEXICANOS

El objetivo del presente estudio fue examinar las propiedades psicometricas de la Prueba Breve de Funcionamiento (FAST) en pacientes bipolares en Mexico. Participaron 44 pacientes y 43 sujetos sanos quienes respondieron un cuestionario de datos sociodemograficos, la FAST y la escala de evaluacion de la actividad global (GAF). Se analizo la estructura factorial, la consistencia interna, la validez concurrente y discriminante. Los resultados indican que la version mexicana de la FAST es un instrumento de facil aplicacion, que requiere poco tiempo de administracion y muestra propiedades psicometricas satisfactorias para evaluar la funcionalidad de pacientes bipolares eutimicos.
‘End of Theory’ in the Era of Big Data: Methodological Practices and Challenges in Social Media Studies

emerging digital data sources provide opportunities for explaining social processes, but also challenge knowledge production practices within social sciences. this article contributes to the ‘end of theory’ discussions, which have intensified in the social sciences since the widening practice of big data and computational methods. Adopting a systematic literature review of 120 empirical articles through a combined quantitative and qualitative approach, this article strives to contribute to the ongoing discussions on the epistemological shifts in social media big data (smBD) studies. This study offers an insight into the development of analytical methods and research practices in smBD studies during their rapid growth
Internet of Things: A Product Development Cycle for the Entrepreneurs

Internet of Things (IoT) is a current technology in the communication and computing field. With the help of this technology many application can be developed almost in every fields like health care, agriculture, education manufacturing, factories, automobile etc. In this fields the applications can be like smart home, smart office, smart farms, smart utilities, smart boards, smart vehicles, smart machines etc. To develop this kind of applications already many IOT startup companies are evolved. The current paper proposed a novel IOT product development cycle which will make easy for the developers in the IOT startup companies/individuals and in this paper few developed products based on the proposed development cycle were discussed.
Effect of Haemonchus contortus on productivity of ewes, lambs and weaners in a semi-arid environment

SUMMARY Lactating ewes, ewes that had lambed but subsequently lost their lambs (dry) and weaners were either artificially infested with 2000–3000 third-stage Haemonchus contortus larvae (parasitized) or drenched with levamisole (treated) and run under extensive grazing conditions in north-west Queensland. Worm egg counts in parasitized lactating, dry and weaner sheep ranged from 860–2830 eggs per gram of faeces. These levels of infestation significantly (P < 0·01) reduced liveweight gain of all three sheep classes, milk yield of ewes and wool growth of weaners compared to their treated counterparts. The lower milk yield of the parasitized ewes significantly (P < 0·01) reduced lamb growth rate. Survival of lambs to weaning was 26% higher in the treated group. The experiments showed that moderate levels of H. contortus, that did not produce clinical signs of infestation, reduce productivity of sheep in this semi-arid environment.
The Roles of Human-Inducible Nitric Oxide Synthase and Xanthine Oxidase in Regulating Chronic Inflammation in Radicular Cysts

The immunohistochemical activities of nitric oxide synthase (NOS), xanthine oxidase(XO) and nitrotyrosine(NT) in human radicular cysts were measured. The molecular interactions of nitric oxide (NO) or peroxynitrate(ONOO-) and superoxide(O2- •) generated in the xanthine/XO system were kinetically investigated in vitro to clarify the mechanism of tissue injury. To investigate the interaction between NO • and O2- • generated in radicular cysts, the localization of NOS and XO was evaluated by an immunohistochemical staining method. Furthermore, the presence of ONOO- was immunohistochemically estimated. The molecular interactions of O2- •, NO • and ONOO- were analyzed by using the electron spin resonance spin-trapping method. In an area of inflammatory reaction, human-inducible NOS (iNOS), XO and NT were positive compared with a normal area, although only iNOS production was confirmed an area of fibrous reaction. Kinetic studies showed that 1-hydroxy-2-oxo-3 (N-methyl-3-aminopropyl)-3-methyl-1-triazene (NOC-7) reacted directly with O2- •, whereas ONOO- did not react with O2- • but inhibited XO directly. The close involvement of iNOS production in the inflammatory region and the influence of the inflammatory reaction with both NO • production from iNOS and O2- • production from XO were suggested. The presence of iNOS in cysts suggests that NO • produced in periapical lesions plays an important role in the regulation of chronic lesions via the reaction with O2- • produced catalyzed by XO. From the reaction with O2- •, and NO • generated by the iNOS system, the formation of ONOO- and its direct inhibition of XO activity decreased the amount of O2- • produced and as a result inhibited the continued formation of ONOO-.
Massive Collapse and Rapid Rebound: Population Dynamics of Eared Grebes (Podiceps nigricollis) During an ENSO Event

Abstract In autumn, >99% of North American Eared Grebes (Podiceps nigricollis) stage at Mono Lake, California, and Great Salt Lake, Utah, creating an exceptional opportunity to measure population trends in a common and otherwise widely distributed species. Aerial photocounts showed that numbers at both lakes fluctuated in parallel, from a total of ∼3.56 million in 1997, then crashing to 1.60 million in 1998. The decline was coincident with a major El Niño, during which hundreds of thousands starved in the Gulf of California. The population rebounded to 3.27 million by 2000, illustrating the species' potentially high survivorship throughout the year. Catastrophic events are evidently the major factors affecting proximate changes in population size. Factors that set the ultimate limit to the population can be clarified through long-term studies at staging areas.
Responses of invertebrate trophic level, feeding guild and body size to the management of improved grassland field margins

Summary 1. Management of lowland mesotrophic grasslands in north-west Europe often makes use of inorganic fertilizers, high stocking densities and silage-based forage systems to maximize productivity. The impact of these practices has resulted in a simplification of the plant community combined with wide-scale declines in the species richness of grassland invertebrates. We aim to identify how field margin management can be used to promote invertebrate diversity across a suite of functionally diverse taxa (beetles, planthoppers, true bugs, butterflies, bumblebees and spiders). 2. Using an information theoretic approach we identify the impacts of management (cattle grazing, cutting and inorganic fertilizer) and plant community composition (forb species richness, grass species richness and sward architecture) on invertebrate species richness and body size. As many of these management practices are common to grassland systems throughout the world, understanding invertebrate responses to them is important for the maintenance of biodiversity. 3. Sward architecture was identified as the primary factor promoting increased species richness of both predatory and phytophagous trophic levels, as well as being positively correlated with mean body size. In all cases phytophagous invertebrate species richness was positively correlated with measures of plant species richness. 4. The direct effects of management practices appear to be comparatively weak, suggesting that their impacts are indirect and mediated though the continuous measures of plant community structure, such as sward architecture or plant species richness. 5. Synthesis and applications. By partitioning field margins from the remainder of the field, economically viable intensive grassland management can be combined with extensive management aimed at promoting native biodiversity. The absence of inorganic fertilizer, combined with a reduction in the intensity of both cutting and grazing regimes, promotes floral species richness and sward architectural complexity. By increasing sward architecture the total biomass of invertebrates also increased (by c. 60% across the range of sward architectural measures seen in this study), increasing food available for higher trophic levels, such as birds and mammals.
Nonlethal Effects of a Predator on Competitive Interactions Between Two Anuran Larvae

I examine the nonlethal effects of a predator, an odonate larva (Anaxjunius), on competitive interactions between two species of anuran larvae (bullfrog, Rana cates- beiana, and green frog, R. clamitans). The anurans coexist in permanent ponds, which sometimes contain high densities of A. junius. Laboratory experiments indicated that in the absence of the predator, the two species were similar in competitive abilities and grew at virtually identical rates. In the presence of caged A. junius, however, the bullfrog grew to be larger and the green frog much smaller than when the predator was absent. Both species reacted to the presence of A. junius by reducing activity and altering space use. I argue that the reductions in activity in the presence of the predator affected the two species differently, which in turn changed competitive interactions. I discuss the relation between activity level and competitive ability, and the potential for predators to alter competitive relations by affecting activity levels of syntopic species (a higher order interaction). Vul- nerability to predators also increases with activity, and I discuss the implications of an activity-mediated trade-off between growth rate and predation risk to interactions among anuran larvae. Finally, I present a method for quantitatively evaluating the net balance of (negative) direct mortality effects and (sometimes positive) indirect effects that alter com- petitive ability.
5G Systems with Low Density Parity Check based Chanel Coding for Enhanced Mobile Broadband Scheme

The 5G mobile communication standard based radio access technology (RAT) is analysed for implementation of several candidate coding schemes in this paper. The third generation partnership project (3GPP) in the 5G scenario based on the Enhanced mobile broadband (eMBB) scheme is considered. Factors like flexibility, complexity of computation, bit error rate (BER), and block error rate (BLER) are considered for the purpose of evaluation of the coding schemes. In order to evaluate the performance various applications and services, a suitable set is of parameters are provided. The candidate schemes considered for this purpose are polar codes, low density parity check (LDPC) and turbo codes. Fair comparison is performed by investigation of block lengths and obtaining suitable rates by proper design. In an additive white Gaussian noise (AWGN) channel, the performance of BLER / BER is obtained for diverse block lengths and code rates based on simulation. The simulation results show that the performance of LDPC is relatively efficient for various code rates and block lengths despite the better performance of polar codes at short block lengths. As an added advantage, LDPC codes also offer relatively low complexity.
An Intelligent Transportation System: the Quito City Case Study

Managing traffic in a large city has become a topic of great interest in both politics and science. The costs of poor traffic management have been quantified as losses equal to millions of dollars, not counting the unquantifiable value of the time that a person loses in traffic jams. Intelligent transport systems (ITS) offer a set of innovative solutions specific to the management of different modes of transport. This article focuses on the development of an ITS for the city of Quito that allows smart decision-making to direct heavy haul transporters that want to enter the city via one of its main access routes. Technologies such as Sensor Web Enablement (SWE), in association with the Message Queuing Telemetry Transport (MQTT) communication protocol, facilitate the development of a vehicular management platform/system capable of sending notifications in real-time and issuing instructions to drivers regarding traffic delays along routes, average speeds, etc. The system supports a network of heterogeneous sensors accessible through the web. It can integrate any device that uses HTTP protocol. Time interval and location range testing have been undertaken to refine the accuracy of the system and make it adaptable to any geographic situation. The system allows communicate with the server through MQTT or through web services, using technologies such as: MongoDB and GeoJSON. One of the most relevant results is that the degree of accuracy of the system is within appropriate ranges when compared to commercial applications such as Google Maps and Waze.
Use of a new immunomarking method to assess movement by generalist predators between a cover crop and tree canopy in a pear orchard.

Poor understanding of natural enemy movement between cover crop and crop habitats has limited effective use of cover to enhance biological control of pest arthropods in agricultural systems. To address this problem, we used an egg-albumin immunomarker sprayed on a legume cover crop to monitor movement by generalist predators from the cover crop into the canopy of pear trees in a Central Washington State pear orchard. Generalist predators in four taxa (Heteroptera, Coccinellidae, Chrysopidae, Araneae) were collected from both cover crop and pear tree canopy, and tested using enzyme-linked immunonoassay (ELISA) methods to determine if the marker was present. In the three years of study, > 90% of arthropods collected from the cover crop had acquired the marker, indicating that we had excellent coverage and marking of arthropods with the solution. Between 17 and 29% (depending upon the year of study) of the approximately 2000 specimens collected from the tree canopy were also found to be marked, which is evidence that a percentage of the generalist predator community in the tree canopy had originated from or had visited the legume cover crop. These specimens included spiders and immature insects, which presumably colonized the tree either by walking up the tree trunk or (for spiders) by ballooning into the canopy. Some care must be taken in applying this technology or in interpreting results, due to unknown effects of the marker on arthropod behavior, and to questions of whether the marker might transfer from marked to unmarked insects as they interact in the field. Despite these caveats, the technology described here provides a new tool for assessing the effects of habitat management on movement of generalist predators in crop systems.
Comparison of Protozoal Populations and Digestion Rates Between Water Buffalo and Cattle Fed an All Forage Diet

Abstract Franzolin, R. and Dehority, B.A. 1999. Camparison of protozoal populations and digestion rates between water buffalo and cattle fed an all forage diet. J. Appl. Anim. Res., 16: 33–46. Water buffalo and cattle, with ad libitum access to chopped fresh tropical grass, had their rumen contents cross inoculated at three and five weeks after starting on the grass diet. Overall, eight samples of rumen contents were taken during a 17 week experimental period. Total protozoal concentrations and percentage of Diplodiniinae were higher in water buffalo, while percentage of Entodinium was lower. Rumen pH was not different between animal species; however, turnover rate was faster and rumen volume lower in water buffalo. The number of protozoal species in the family Isotrichidae and subfamilies Diplodiniiiiae and Ophryoscolecinae was much higher in water buffalo. Ten additional species of these protozoa became established in cattle after cross inoculation with water buffalo. Only two species from cattle were t.
Seasonal patterns of biomass, growth and reproduction in Dictyota cervicornis and Stoechospermum polypodioides (Dictyotales, Phaeophyta) on a shallow reef flat in the southern Red Sea (Eritrea)

Abstract Seasonal patterns in thallus length, biomass, reproduction, total biomass m-2 and size structure were monitored in populations of Dictyota cervicornis and Stoechospermum polypodioides on a shallow reef flat in the southern Red Sea. These tropical reef flats are exposed to extreme temperatures of about 34°C in summer and to temperatures of about 25°C in winter. Both species showed peaks in length, biomass and reproduction in winter; macrothalli were absent in summer. Thallus length, biomass and the proportion of reproductive thalli showed a strong negative correlation with seawater temperature. Young thalli first appeared in November, following a drop in seawater temperature from about 33 to 31°C. Macroscopic thalli had disappeared in May, when temperatures had reached the same values as those at the start of the growth season (33°C). When reef substrata collected in summer were kept at sub-ambient temperatures (29–31°C), macroscopic thalli of D. cervicornis developed. Size structure varied over time, probably because of non-synchronous development and tissue loss among thalli. Reproduction was size-dependent. We conclude that D. cervicornis and S. polypodioides have highly seasonal patterns of growth and reproduction related to the seasonal variation in the environment, especially temperature.
REPORT on the Fourth International Workshop on Chromosome 9: held at Williamsburg, Virginia, USA, April 23–25, 1995

The Fourth International Workshop on Chromosome 9 was a highly successful endeavor in terms of the growth of the map, both genetic and physical, the amount of data entered into GDB, and the continued comradeship in the sharing of data and resources that was exemplified. SIGMA remained a stable and valuable part of the chromosome 9 mapping effort. A new subsection outlining the morbid anatomy of chromosome 9 was included. Finally, specific goals were set for the community to aim for over the upcoming months. These included extending the information about the ease of use of genetic markers, and coordinating across numerous groups the meiotic breakpoint mapping of many microsatellite markers. Workshop files are available by anonymous ftp from ftp.gene. ucl.ac. uk (128.40.82.1) in the subdirectory /pub/c9workshop/1995, or by using a World Wide Web browser (such as Mosaic or Netscape) via the Chromosome 9 Home Page (at the URL http:www.gene.ucl.ac.ukchr9home.html).
Studies of fossil hyaenids: the genera Hyaenictis Gaudry and Chasmaporthetes Hay, with a reconsideration of the Hyaenidae of Langebaanweg, South Africa

Abstract The fossil hyaenids from Langebaanweg in South Africa are revised taxonomically using both morphological comparisons and measurement data. Ictitherium preforfex is found to be a synonym of Ikelohyaena abronia . Other hyaenid taxa in this fauna are Hyaenictitherium namaquensis, Chasmaporthetes australis and a new taxon similar to Chasmaporthetes australis in the size and shape of the M 1 trigonid and other characters, but differing from this taxon in having short P 3 relative to P 2 , a smaller anterior accessory cusp on P 4 and M 2 present. This taxon has previously been referred to Euryboas sp. , but comparison with Eurasian hyaenids indicates that it shares diagnostic characters with Hyaenictis graeca , type species of the genus Hyaenictis . This genus is poorly known and its content is reviewed. We find that only the new species from Langebaanweg, formally described as Hyaenictis hendeyi sp. nov. , and the Spanish Hyaenictis almerai probably belong in this genus, while other taxa intermittently referred to Hyaenictis belong to other genera. Thus, neither Leecyaena bosei nor Chasmaporthetes silberbergi belong in Hyaenictis .
Distribution of Immunocompetent Cells in Immuno-Organs of Horses

The distribution of immunocompetent cells (CD4, CD5, CD8, and IgM positive cells) in the immuno-organs of healthy nulliparous mares was investigated by the immunohistological technique with monoclonal antibodies. Aggregated CD4+ or CD8+ T cells were observed in the thymic cortex, and a small number of CD4+ or CD8+ T cells were found in the thymic medulla. CD5+ T cells were observed widely in the thymus, they were detected at higher frequencies in the medulla than the cortex, but, a small number of IgM+ B cells were scattered only in the thymic medulla. T cell-dependent areas of the spleen, lymph nodes and ileum were identified by CD5+ T cells. In T cell-dependent areas of these organs, the number of CD4+ T cells was slightly greater than that of CD8+ T cells. In the center of the follicles of these organs, IgM+ B cells aggregated, and these follicles adjoined the T cell-dependent areas. These findings suggested that T and B cells differentiate and mature in thymic and peripheral lymphoid tissues, respectively, and also suggested that immunological actions of peripheral lymphoid tissues would be related to humoral immune responses.
A Primer of Ecology

With the aim of teaching students the essential models in population and community ecology, this book explains in detail the basic concepts of exponential and logistic population growth, age-structured demography, metapopulation dynamics, competition, predation and island biogeography. Each chapter is graded from simple material to advanced material, for both beginning undergraduates and upper-level undergraduates and postgraduates.
Food web changes in arctic ecosystems related to climate warming

Sedimentary records from three Canadian High Arctic ponds on Ellesmere Island, spanning the last several thousand years, show major shifts in pond communities within the last ∼200 years. These paleolimnological data indicate that aquatic insect (Diptera: Chironomidae) populations rapidly expanded and greatly increased in community diversity beginning in the 19th century. These invertebrate changes coincided with striking shifts in algal (diatom) populations, indicating strong food‐web effects because of climate warming and reduced ice‐cover in ponds. Predicted future warming in the Arctic may produce ecological changes that exceed the large shifts that have already occurred since the 19th century.
What is Fake News? A Foundational Question for Developing Effective Critical News Literacy Education

Since the 2016 U.S. Presidential election, policy makers, scholars, and critics have increasingly warned about the dangers associated with fake news. In response, they have proposed numerous solutions to fake news, media literacy being one frequently mentioned. However, there is currently no agreed upon definition of fake news or its origins and practices. Scholars cannot develop effective pedagogy to address fake news without a deepunderstanding and firm definition of fake news. As a result, this study employs a critical-historical lens of a media ecosystem framework to define fake news. The data for this study came from three areas; an extensive review of scholarship in the Communication, History, Media Studies, and Media Education disciplines; newspaper and congressional archives; and news stories. My methodology identified the producers of fake news; the purpose behind the production of false or misleading content; the themes found in fake news content; and the consequences associated with the consumption of false and misleading information. Thefindings of this study serve as a foundational basis for the development of a critical news literacy program.