Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
THE EXTRA-INTESTINAL COMPLICATIONS OF CROHN'S DISEASE AND ULCERATIVE COLITIS: A STUDY OF 700 PATIENTS

The records of a series of 700 patients with inflammatory bowel disease, 498 with Crohn's disease and 202 with ulcerative colitis, have been analyzed to determine the relative incidence and characteristic features of their extra-intestinal manifestations. The group with Crohn's disease included 62 with colitis, 223 with ileocolitis, and 213 with regional enteritis. A consideration of the clinical patterns and an understanding of their pathophysiology suggested a subdivision into two main groups: one "colitis related" and one related to the pathophysiology of the small nonspecific third group. Group A, colitis related, comprises joint, skin, mouth, and eye disease. The complications might be immunologically determined, were closely associated with active inflammation, and often responded to medical or surgical treatment of the underlying bowel disease. They occurred in 36% of the entire series of patients: joints were involved in 23%, skin in 15%, and mouth and eye each in 4%. Pyoderma gangrenosum was observed most often in ulcerative colitis and erythema nodosum most often in granulomatous colitis. The incidence of Group A complications was higher in disease involving the colon (42%) than in disease restricted exclusively to the small bowel (23%). There were interrelationships among the various members of Group A, with multiple manifestations occurring in a third of affected patients. Group B, related to small bowel pathophysiology, includes malabsorption, gallstones, kidney stones, and non-calculous hydronephrosis and hydroureter. Disorders in this group were generally related to the severity of the disease in the small bowel and tended to persist even in the absence of active inflammation. In contrast to Group A, this group occurred most frequently in small bowel disease, and least in colonic disease. Malabsorption was virtually confined to the patients with small bowel disease (10% incidence), while gallstones and renal stones were also both more frequent in Crohn's disease (11% and 9% respectively), the latter usually in association with small bowel resection or ileostomy. Group C, found in a small percentage of patients, consists of nonspecific complications, including osteoporosis (3%), liver disease (5%), peptic ulcer (10%), and amyloidosis (1%).
Two Birds With One Stone: Application of Fundamental Cognitive Theory of Visual Perception Supporting Fratricide Prevention and Sensor Modeling Experimentation

Abstract : Effective prevention of direct fire fratricide and sensor modeling experimentation are both reliant on the understanding of cognitive processes associated with visual perception. Research conducted at the US Army Night Vision and Electronic Sensors Directorate (NVESD) from the mid 1990's to the present has applied the recognition-by-components cognitive theory to develop combat identification tools to prevent fratricide, misidentification and collateral damage, and to aid in the development of sensor models through the improvement of human perception testing.
Effect of Financial Crisis in Efficiency and Strategic Homogeneity of Indian Commercial Banks: An Empirical Investigation

The financial crisis has send shock waves cutting across boundaries and economies. Major economies are still struggling to recover. The cause of the crisis was primarily the inefficiency of the banking system to manage their sub -prime asset class. It reflected the importance of efficiency of the banking system irrespective of the credit rating which signifies its quality of asset class. In the contemporary world economy no economic system can remain isolated. Indian banking system also felt the shock but managed it efficiently. This motivates for a comprehensive analysis to discover whether the so called resilience was due to some policy stimulus or the Indian banking industry is intrinsically efficient. Also, the pattern of grouping of the banks plays an important role in providing stability in the inter-connected system. Thus technical analysis of the banks along with the dynamics of cluster formation after factoring the pre and post financial crisis time periods was studied , so that it can provide valuable inputs in designing strategic outlook regarding the Indian banking industry. Key words: Technical Efficiency, DEA, Indian Commercial Banks, Cluster Analysis
Una exploración de la transferencia interlingüística de la competencia metafórica en estudiantes bilingües (español/catalán) de inglés como lengua extranjera:: un caso de estudio

espanolEste caso de estudio describe el desarrollo y los resultados de una investigacion disenada con el objeto de explorar si el fenomeno de la transferencia interlinguistica, que normalmente se conceptualiza en terminos de las hipotesis de interdependencia y del umbral linguistico, puede tambien identificarse en relacion a la competencia metaforica en un contexto de ensenanza del ingles como lengua extranjera. Para este fin, se realizo un taller experimental de poesia con un grupo de estudiantes universitarios, bilingues (espanol/catalan) y alumnos de ingles como lengua extranjera. El taller se organizo teniendo en cuenta la lectura pedagogica que Jim Cummins (2007) sobre el fenomeno de transferencia interlinguistica y su sugerencia de que puede ensenarse para la transferencia. La investigacion tambien incluyo la realizacion de entrevistas semi estructuradas con participantes, con el objeto de recopilar datos acerca de su bagaje multilingue (espanol, catalan e ingles) y sobre su nivel de implicacion y motivacion con el taller de poesia. A pesar de la muestra reducida, los datos indicaron que, si la orientacion pedagogica de la ensenanza de la lengua extranjera facilita la implicacion del estudiantado, entonces la transferencia inter-linguistica tambien se activa en relacion a la competencia metaforica. EnglishThis case study aims to describe the development and findings of a research project designed to explore whether the phenomenon of cross-language transfer, regularly conceptualized in terms of the Linguistic Interdependence and Linguistic Threshold hypotheses (LIH and LTH), could also be identified vis-a-vis metaphorical language skills in an EFL educational context. An experimental English poetry workshop was developed in a university setting with a group of bilingual Spanish/Catalan EFL learners, and was designed in accordance with Jim Cummins’ (2007) pedagogical reading of cross-language transfer and his suggestion that teachers can actually teach for transfer. The research also included semi-structured interviews with the participants to inquire about their multilingual literacy background (Spanish, Catalan and EFL) and their level of engagement with the EFL poetry workshop. Despite the limited sample, data indicated that, provided the pedagogical orientation leads to learner engagement, cross-language transfer to English also applies to metaphorical language skills in an EFL educational context.
Opioids Are They Regulators of Feeding? a

By now most persons conducting research in the area of food intake believe that opioids have something to do with feeding. This is based on findings that opioids stimulate short-term feeding, and that antagonists of the opioid receptor decrease the amount of food ingested by an Also there are a variety of studies that indicate that levels of opioid peptides change during periods of feeding or food deprivation. In spite of an overwhelming amount of data supporting a role for opioids in the regulation of food intake, there is still a great deal of confusion on the specific mechanisms. It is the purpose of this review to briefly summarize the data concerning the effect of opioids on food intake in animals and humans, emphasizing some of the inconsistencies and problems that are present in the literature. The most consistent data indicating the involvement of opioids in feeding behavior comes from those studies using opioid antagonists. There is a relatively long history demonstrating that antagonism of the opioid receptor(s) results in decreased feeding. In 1974 Holtzman demonstrated that naloxone, an opioid antagonist, decreased food and water intake in rats. ' Since this initial study, investigators have shown that naloxone decreases short-term food intake in chicks, cockroaches, mice, monkeys, sheep, guinea pigs, cats, rabbits, tigers, wolves, ground squirrels, woodchucks, deer, dogs, and h ~ m a n s . ~ . ~ ' ~ Naloxone decreases feeding in rats and/or mice following injection of norepinephrine, muscimol, 2-deoxyglucose, neuropeptide Y, benzodiazepines, and after food deprivation, stress, electrical stimulation of the brain, and social conflict. 1.6 Other opioid antagonists, such as naltrexone, diprenorphine, WIN-44,441-3, nalmefene, ICI 154,129, ICI 174,864, P-chlornaltrexamine (P-CNA), MR2266, and naloxonazine, also decrease feeding, though they have not been studied as extensively as naloxone.1,6,11 Most of these studies examined meal feeding and few have asked whether blockade of the opioid receptor chronically results in the continued decrease in eating, with a resultant alteration in body weight. Anytime one observes a decrease in feeding, the question of specificity comes to mind. Does naloxone or any other antagonist of the opioid receptor decrease feeding due to illness, change in motor activity, lack of motivation, or other events that seem to be unrelated to consummatory behavior? It is difficult to ask a rat whether it feels
Becoming a peer reviewer to medical education journals

Background: Peer reviewing for medical education journals is an art, a privilege, a responsibility and a service to the profession. Writing a review report requires skills and commitment and takes time. Novice reviewers may be interested in participating in this service, but they might lack sufficient knowledge of their role as peer reviewers and the skills needed to conduct a comprehensive and fair review. Aims: The aims of this article are to help novice reviewers in their preparation of manuscript review reports and improve their confidence and skills in their role as reviewers. Methods: We reviewed the literature in this area and applied lessons learned from our experience as peer reviewers. In addition, one of the authors has presented several training workshops for faculty reviewers. Results: Incorporating all the methods described, we have developed a series of simple strategies that medical educators can utilise to perform high-quality reviews of manuscripts. Conclusions: Though the development of skills in reviewing medical education papers is the outcome of continuous practice and experience; the strategies described in this article will be of value to those starting their professional contribution as reviewers and enhance their skills in this area.
[Development of allergic airway disease model in mice].

OBJECTIVE To investigate the method of development of allergic airway disease model in mice. METHODS Ten BALB/c mice were devided into the model group and the control group. Each group contained 5 mice. Ovalbumin (OVA) was used as allergen. OVA was emulsified with aluminum hydroxide and injected intraperitoneally for sensitization. Afterwards the mice from model group were challenged with aerosolized 5% OVA and subsequently instilled with OVA intranasally. For the blank control group the mice were sensitized and challenged with phosphate buffer saline (PBS). After final challenge, the nasal symptoms were scored, and mice were sacrificed for evaluation of eosinophilia of nasal septum, peribronchial inflammation and goblet cell hyperplasia. Mice serum was collected for measurement of OVA-specific IgE concentration, and levels of IL-4 and IL-5 from bronchoalveolar fluids were also tested. RESULTS Compared with blank control mice, mice from model group displayed typical sneezing and nasal scratching symptoms. The histopathological changes, such as eosinophilia of nasal septum mucosa, infiltration of peribronchial inflammatory cells and hyperplasia of goblet cells were successfully induced by OVA sensitization and challenge. Moreover, mice in model group showed higher level of OVA-specific IgE in serum and IL-4 and IL-5 cytokines in bronchoalveolar fluids[mice from model group: IgE (1237.00 ± 153.20) pg/ml, IL-4 (46.50 ± 10.15) pg/ml, IL-5 (50.81 ± 11.41) pg/ml; mice from control group: IgE (191.90 ± 43.20) pg/ml, IL-4 (7.96 ± 1.80) pg/ml, IL-5 (7.53 ± 2.23) pg/ml;t value were 6.569, 3.738 and 3.724, respectively, all P < 0.05]. CONCLUSION The method using OVA as allergen could effectively develop a mouse model of allergic airway disease which could be used for pathogenesis study and drug effect evaluation.
Reflection of heart rate regulation on linear and nonlinear heart rate variability measures

The aim of this study was to examine the dependence of heart rate variability (HRV) measures on RR interval length and to find out relationships between linear and nonlinear measures. The spectral powers in very low (VLF), low (LF) and high (HF) frequency regions, short-term scaling exponent α1 and sample entropy (SampEn) were determined. All spectral powers increased with increasing RR interval length until they reached a plateau. Neighbouring spectral powers were strongly correlated. The largest fraction of the spectrum consisted of VLF (from about 40 to 95%) and the smallest of HF, although HF was most sensitive to changes in RR interval length. SampEn is also increased with increasing RR interval, reaching a plateau. The dependence of α1 on RR showed a deflection point at 0.5 s. Nonlinear measures can be expressed by spectral powers: α1 by a linear function of ln(LF/HF) and SampEn by a quadratic function of ln HF. We concluded that during the day an increase of HR up to 120 beats min−1 was reflected in a reduction in HF and LF and to a smaller extent in VLF and by decreased complexity and increased correlation in RR interval series. In sleep, HRV measures are at a plateau. We suggest that below intrinsic value, HR is regulated mainly by changes of parasympathetic activity, reflected in linear and nonlinear HRV measures.
The Role of Instability Rehabilitative Resistance Training for the Core Musculature

NEUROMUSCULAR TRAINING OF THE SPINAL STABILIZING MUSCULATURE IS RELEVANT FOR LOWER BACK PAIN PREVENTION AND TREATMENT. INSTABILITY RESISTANCE EXERCISES PROMOTE COCONTRACTIONS, INCREASING JOINT STABILITY. OF GREATEST IMPORTANCE TO JOINT STABILITY IS NOT NECESSARILY STRENGTH OR ENDURANCE BUT MOTOR CONTROL. DYNAMIC PROVOCATIVE CALISTHENIC EXERCISES MAY IMPROVE CORE STABILIZING FUNCTIONS. HIGHER CORE MUSCLE ACTIVATION IS POSSIBLE WITH STABLE GROUND-BASED EXERCISES. PERFORMING RESISTANCE EXERCISES ON UNSTABLE SURFACES MAY HAVE BENEFITS IN JOINT INJURY PREVENTION AND IMPROVING BALANCE; HOWEVER, STRENGTH GAINS COULD BE COMPROMISED. HIGHER LEVELS OF DYNAMIC STABILIZATION MAY BE RECOMMENDED WITH REHABILITATION BUT SHOULD ONLY BE ONE COMPONENT OF A PERIODIZED PLAN.
Tree structured data processing on GPUs

In order to reduce the computing time for processing large tree-structured data sets, parallel processing has been used. Recently, research has been done on parallel computing of tree-structured data on Graphics Processing Units (GPUs). GPU device cannot directly access the tree structured data on hard disks which is commonly stored as objects or linked-lists. So, it is required to copying this tree structured data from hard disk to device memory for the computation and copying tree structured data in its normal structure is very costly because of lots of pointers overhead. Existing tree data structures on GPUs are commonly applied to storing a particular kind of tree, and support limited types of tree traversals. In this work, a tree data structure is proposed to store different kind of trees as a linear data structure (fast in copying). The proposed data structure is applied on general trees and binary trees and supports four common types of tree traversals: pre-order, post-order, in-order and breadth-first traversals. Therefore, most of the tree algorithms can be implemented on GPUs by using this proposed data structure. The results show that the proposed data structure is successfully implemented for all the traversals for binary as well as general trees.
Sleep Disorders in Atypical Parkinsonism

Sleep disorders are commonly observed in atypical parkinsonism, with particular disorders occurring more frequently in specific parkinsonian disorders. Multiple system atrophy (MSA) is a synucleinopathy often associated with nocturnal stridor, which is a serious, but treatable, condition highly specific to MSA. In addition, this disorder is strongly associated with rapid eye movement sleep behavior disorder (RBD), which is also observed in dementia with Lewy bodies. RBD is far less prevalent in progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP), which is a tauopathy. Insomnia and impaired sleep architecture are the most common sleep abnormalities observed in PSP. Corticobasilar degeneration is also a tauopathy, but has far fewer sleep complaints associated with it than PSP. In this article, we review the spectrum of sleep dysfunction across the atypical parkinsonian disorders, emphasize the importance of evaluating for sleep disorders in patients with parkinsonian symptoms, and point to sleep characteristics that can provide diagnostic clues to the underlying parkinsonian disorder.
Comparative study of the quenching of core and core-shell CdSe quantum dots by binding and non-binding nitroxides

The quenching of core and core-shell CdSe quantum dots by TEMPO and 4-amino-TEMPO has been examined using steady state fluorescence spectroscopy. The efficiency of quenching is strongly dependant on the nanoparticle size, the binding properties of the nitroxide, and the presence or not of a protective shell, ZnS in our systems. The shell reduces the quenching efficiency significantly only in the case of binding nitroxides, such as 4-amino-TEMPO. Downward quenching plots revealing bimodal quenching characterize the Stern-Volmer plots obtained for 4-amino-TEMPO. The slope characteristic of the low concentrations regime depends strongly on the presence of a shell. For example, for particles with a 2.4 nm core, emitting at 525 nm the concentrations of 4-amino-TEMPO required to reduce the emission to one half are 0.65 μM and 0.08 mM for core and core-shell nanoparticles, respectively. Surprisingly, in the high concentration regime, a single Stern-Volmer slope of about 4000 M^-1 seems to accommodate all systems. We speculate that this value is characteristic of the exchange of TOPO ligands by 4-amino-TEMPO.
Comparative analysis of MPPT techniques for PV applications

This paper presents a careful evaluation among the most usual MPPT techniques, doing meaningful comparisons with respect to the amount of energy extracted from the photovoltaic (PV) panel, PV voltage ripple, dynamic response and use of sensors, considering that the models are first implemented via MatLab/Simulink®, and after a digitally controlled boost DC-DC converter was implemented and connected to an Agilent Solar Array simulator in order to verify the simulation results. The prototype was built, the algorithms are digitally developed and the main experimental results are also presented, including dynamic responses and the experimental tracking factor (TF) for the analyzed MPPT techniques.
Recherche de biomarqueurs sanguins de la plasticité lipidique chez le porc et le poulet

La production de viande a moindre cout necessite de disposer d’animaux robustes, efficaces, capables de s’adapter aux contraintes d’elevage. Ceci requiert l’evaluation de la capacite de l’animal a constituer et restituer ses reserves energetiques. Ce travail de these a donc pour objectif d’identifier de potentiels biomarqueurs sanguins en lien avec la composition corporelle. Pour cela, deux especes monogastriques sont etudiees, le porc et le poulet. Au sein de chaque espece, les animaux de deux lignees genetiques (selection divergente sur la Consommation Moyenne Journaliere Residuelle chez le porc et sur la proportion de gras abdominal chez le poulet) ont recu des regimes alimentaires contrastes (riches en lipides et en fibres vs. riches en amidon) mais isoproteiques et isoenergetiques. Les parametres plasmatiques et le transcriptome du sang ont ete etudies en reponse a ces regimes alimentaires.Les metabolites et hormones plasmatiques sont affectes par le regime chez le porc alors que ces parametres sont affectes par le regime et la lignee chez le poulet. L’analyse du metabolome associee aux mesures ciblees des concentrations en metabolites et hormones montre que l’association de plusieurs parametres sanguins explique entre 37 et 75% de la variabilite de la masse adipeuse chez le porc ou le poulet. Pour les deux especes, le transcriptome du sang est plus affecte par la lignee genetique que par le regime alimentaire. Les porcs et les poulets nourris avec un regime riche en lipides et en fibres, surexpriment le gene codant la forme hepatique d’une enzyme mitochondriale : CP
Adequacy of design and management of a new livestock watering source (Wanzogi, Uganda)

Durch das von der osterreichischen Entwicklungszusammenarbeit finanzierte WATERCAP Projekt wurde Anfang 2013 in Wanzogi in Zentraluganda ein Reservoir zur Trankung von Rindern neu ausgebaggert. Zusatzlich wurde auch ein Betontrog errichtet, sowie eine Pumpe und Leitungen zur Verfugung gestellt, um die Trankung der Rinder zu vereinfachen. Im Rahmen dieser Diplomarbeit wird die errichtete Infrastruktur in Wanzogi in Bezug auf Wasserverfugbarkeit, Design und Management untersucht. Der theoretische Kontext dieser Diplomarbeit ist community management, die lokale Gemeinde ist selbst Besitzer der Infrastruktur und gleichzeitig verantwortlich fur Betrieb und Instandhaltung. Die Analyse der Wasserbilanz hat ergeben, dass das Reservoir genug Wasser fur etwa 1500 Rinder wahrend besonders langen Trockenzeiten von 130 Tagen fasst. Gleichzeitig wurde aber festgestellt, dass die Reserven fur langere Trockenzeiten oder zusatzliche Rinder aus der Umgebung sehr gering sind und daher sichergestellt werden muss, dass die maximale Anzahl an Rindern nicht uberschritten wird. Standortwahl und Design des Reservoirs sind angemessen bezogen auf Empfehlungen aus der Literatur und verglichen mit anderen Reservoirs in der Region. Die Wasserqualitat in Wanzogi ist geeignet zur Trankung von Rindern. Eine Untersuchung des Bodenerosionspotentials hat ergeben, dass der ausschlaggebende Faktor fur zunehmende Bodenerosion und Verschlammen des Reservoirs die fortschreitende Abholzung der Walder in den letzten Jahrzehnten ist. Um dem entgegenzuwirken, mussen Alternativen zur Erzeugung von Holzkohle geschaffen werden, die fur die Menschen wirtschaftlich unerlasslich ist. Die Infrastruktur ist zur Trankung von Rindern technisch geeignet und die groste Herausforderung ist der Betrieb und die Instandhaltung des Systems. Das bedeutet, dass die organisatorischen Strukturen wesentlich sind um die Nachhaltigkeit des Projektes zu gewahrleisten. Ein erster Schritt wurde durch die Bildung eines Komitees getan wodurch die Verantwortlichkeiten klar definiert wurden. Die Vergangenheit hat aber gezeigt, dass die Existenz solcher Strukturen nicht notwendigerweise zu gut gemanagter Infrastruktur fuhrt. Ein Ergebnis dieser Diplomarbeit ist die Notwendigkeit der Einrichtung von Kontrollinstanzen, um sicherzustellen, dass alle Beteiligten ihren Pflichten nachkommen. Um den Erfolg des Projektes zu gewahrleisten, ist in jedem Fall eine Nachbereitung notwendig um das lokale Komitee zu unterstutzen und sicherzustellen, dass die Infrastruktur angemessen betrieben und gewartet wird