Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Systematic Mn d-configuration change in the La 1 − x Ca x MnO 3 system: A Mn K-edge XAS study

Systematic Mn K-edge x-ray-absorption spectroscopy (XAS) measurements on samples of ${\mathrm{La}}_{1\mathrm{\ensuremath{-}}\mathrm{x}}$${\mathrm{Ca}}_{\mathrm{x}}$${\mathrm{MnO}}_{3}$ are reported. Detailed results on the chemical shift and pre-edge feature spectral strength (both indicators of the Mn d-hole count) are discussed. The overall chemical shift across the series is compared to standard materials and is consistent with the identification of the endpoint perovskites with the ${\mathrm{Mn}}^{3+}$ and ${\mathrm{Mn}}^{4+}$ states. The detailed compositional dependence of the chemical shift and the strength of the pre-edge feature both indicate a uniform Ca-induced increase in the Mn d-hole count for xg0.2 and an anomalous break from this behavior for x values less than x\ensuremath{\approx}0.2. Careful x-ray-diffraction measurements of the lattice parameter variation are also found to manifest changes near x\ensuremath{\approx}0.2 and the chemical shift results are shown to scale with the lattice parameter results. Additional XAS results on air prepared and oxygen annealed samples reveal a variation in the chemical shift response to excess oxygen across this series. These XAS results are discussed in terms of the important Mn d-hole count variation across this system.
ENDOVASCULAR EMBOLIZATION OF CEREBRAL ARTERIOVENOUS MALFORMATIONS

Background: An arteriovenous malformation is a collection of dysplsatic plexiform vessels that is supplied by one or more arterial feeders and drained by one or more venous channels. Arteriovenous malformations may have a pure plexiform nidus or contain a mixed plexiform fistulous nidus. Objective: This work was carried out to evaluate the clinical outcome and effectiveness of the endovascular treatment of cerebral arteriovenous malformations with ethylene vinyl alcohol copolymer (Onyx). Methods: Twenty five patients (14 males and 11 females) with cerebral arteriovenous malformations were treated by embolization with Onyx at the Neurointervention Unit in Al-Azhar University. All patients with intracranial AVMs were subjected to preprocedural, procedural and postprocedural assessments. Result(s): There was significant difference in nidus diameter in all patients after embolization in comparison to before embolization. There was significant difference in Spetzler and Martin grading system before and after embolization. Conclusion(s): Onyx as a new embolic material, with its non-adherent properties has significantly facilitated this development.
Assimilation of passive microwave AMSR-2 satellite observations in a snowpack evolution model over northeastern Canada

Abstract. Over northeastern Canada, the amount of water stored in a snowpack, estimated by its snow water equivalent (SWE) amount, is a key variable for hydrological applications. The limited number of weather stations driving snowpack models over large and remote northern areas generates great uncertainty in SWE evolution. A data assimilation (DA) scheme was developed to improve SWE estimates by updating meteorological forcing data and snowpack states with passive microwave (PMW) satellite observations and without using any surface-based data. In this DA experiment, a particle filter with a Sequential Importance Resampling algorithm (SIR) was applied and an inflation technique of the observation error matrix was developed to avoid ensemble degeneracy. Advanced Microwave Scanning Radiometer 2 (AMSR-2) brightness temperature (TB) observations were assimilated into a chain of models composed of the Crocus multilayer snowpack model and radiative transfer models. The microwave snow emission model (Dense Media Radiative Transfer – Multi-Layer model, DMRT-ML), the vegetation transmissivity model (ω-τopt), and atmospheric and soil radiative transfer models were calibrated to simulate the contributions from the snowpack, the vegetation, and the soil, respectively, at the top of the atmosphere. DA experiments were performed for 12 stations where daily continuous SWE measurements were acquired over 4 winters (2012–2016). Best SWE estimates are obtained with the assimilation of the TBs at 11, 19, and 37 GHz in vertical polarizations. The overall SWE bias is reduced by 68 % compared to the original SWE simulations, from 23.7 kg m−2 without assimilation to 7.5 kg m−2 with the assimilation of the three frequencies. The overall SWE relative percentage of error (RPE) is 14.1 % (19 % without assimilation) for sites with a fraction of forest cover below 75 %, which is in the range of accuracy needed for hydrological applications. This research opens the way for global applications to improve SWE estimates over large and remote areas, even when vegetation contributions are up to 50 % of the PMW signal.
Reading of online reviews across different product types by Generation Y consumers

This study examines the frequency and purposes of reading online reviews among Generation Y consumers across different product types. It analyses how the propensity of online review reading is affected by product relevance, perceived risk and brand commitment. Data were obtained using an internet-based questionnaire administered to 155 respondents recruited from the authors' social networks. We find that online reviews are very popular information sources, both prior to purchasing a product and as an ongoing activity motivated by fun and curiosity. It also emerges that online review reading is more widespread for experience products than for search and credence products, and more common for services compared to more tangible, physical products. The findings support the hypotheses that online review reading is positively affected by perceived product relevance and by perceived risk, and negatively affected by brand commitment. The paper closes with a discussion of the theoretical and managerial implications.
Gossip Has It! An In-Depth Investigation of Malaysian Employees on Gossip Activities at Workplace

This qualitative study aims at understanding the reasons for conception of gossiping phenomenon among private and public sector employees in Malaysia. Data for this research was gathered through in-depth interviews, which involved 15 informants that had been chosen through purposive sampling, aided by criterion-based selection and being conducted through theoretical sampling. In terms of gossip conception, data from informants have contributed to 8 themes that have been divided into two categories - pertain to content and pertain to functions. From these categories, the researchers conclude that gossip continues to be a firm feature of social and organisational landscapes, whereby without these social activities, interpersonal communication that harnesses the organisational communication would not be able to develop.
Demography, Clinico-Pathological Features and Outcome of Extrapulmonay Tuberculosis: 2 Years Prospective Study

Authors Dr Hilal Ahmad Wagay, Dr Aadil Bashir Rather, Dr Gh Nabi Dhobi, Dr Ajaz N Koul Infectious Disease Department, Division of General Medicine SKIMS soura Corresponding Author Dr Hilal Wagay Email: drwagayhilal@gmail.com Introduction Tuberculosis (TB) is an infectious disease that primarily affects lungs followed by other organs. Extrapulmonary TB can present with non-specific symptoms such as unintentional weight loss (more than 1.5 kg in a month), night sweats and fever for more than 2 weeks. Other symptoms depend on the site or organ affected. Aims and Objectives; To study the demographic, clinico-pathological features and outcome of extrapulmonary tuberculosis patients at a tertiary care hospital of Kashmir valley. Materials and Methods: A prospective study with regard to demography and clinic-pathological features and outcome, of extra-pulmonary tuberculosis patients above 18 years was conducted over two years which was recorded interpreted and analyzed. Results and Observation: In our study of 148 patients of extrapulmonary tuberculosis we found 106 of them below age of 45 years with mean age of 45 yrs±11.22. Males predominated being 91 (61.4%), labourers and students comprised 40 each (27%). 116(78.3%) were from rural areas. 2 patients were found to be HIV Positive. 36 (24.3%) were smokers and a total of 93 (62.8%) were married. Mean Hb was 10.8±2.30 g/dl, TLC count was 7.73±2.80 mm3, platelet count was 232.23±100 mm3. Erythrocyte sedimentation rate was 46.2±11.3mmhr. Fever, Weight loss and anorexia were most common symptoms. 144 (97.2%) gotcured, 4 patients died not because of tuberculosis, but of underlying diseases. 24 (16.2%) patients had ATT induced Hepatitis, 11 (7.4%) had Hyperurecemia, 9(6.08%) had Gastritis, 6(4.05%) had Nausea/Vomiting, 2 (1.35%) had Neuropsychiatric manifestation. Conclusion: Tuberculosis most commonly occurs in younger patients, especially from rural area. The disease is most often seen in those who work in overcrowded and unhygienic places. Due to low prevelance of HIV in Kashmir association with HIV was low. Most patients had good response to daily regimen and most common drug related side effect was hepatitis. Genetic aspect could be the possible factor for drug response and toxicity.
Evaluation of Windsond S1H2 performance in Kumasi during the 2016 DACCIWA field campaign

Abstract. Sparv Embedded, Sweden (http://windsond.com, last access: 22 February 2019), has answered the call for less expensive but accurate reusable radiosondes by producing a reusable sonde primarily intended for boundary-layer observations collection: the Windsond S1H2. To evaluate the performance of the S1H2, in-flight comparisons between the Vaisala RS41-SG and Windsond S1H2 were performed during the Dynamics–Aerosol–Chemistry–Cloud Interactions in West Africa (DACCIWA) project (FP7/2007–2013) ground campaign at the Kumasi Agromet supersite (6∘40′45.76′′ N, 1∘33′36.50′′ W) inside the Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology (KNUST), Ghana, campus. The results suggest a good correlation between the RS41-SG and S1H2 data, the main difference lying in the GPS signal processing and the humidity response time at cloud top. Reproducibility tests show that there is no major performance degradation arising from S1H2 sonde reuse.
Verbal polysemy of hakka piong3 to put': Frames and constructions

Verbs describing putting, a prototypical exemplar of a caused-motion activity, have been found to be the first acquired and the most frequently used verbs in many languages. Their semantic compatibility with various syntactic structures reinforces the association between verbal meanings and the associated constructions, giving rise to a grouping of related but distinct senses (Goldberg et al. 2004). Hakka piong3( 放 ) ‘put’, similar to the English verb put, involves a caused-motion activity and can be decomposed as an animate entity exerting its manual force upon another inanimate entity and causing its movement in a particular direction, by the use of certain means, or in a particular manner. Likewise, Hakka piong3 (放) ‘to put’ demonstrates a case of verbal polysemy. To illustrate, consider the following examples.
AUTOMOVIE: Ideas towards a complete interactive movie scripting and rendering system

This technical report presents ideas for a system allowing a user to interac- tively and automatically generate full length movies. According to a set of user requirements, the system seeks a satisfying set of events that together build a story. The planner included in the system is based on a layered architecture that is able to handle the transition from story-scale and narrative goals, down to more concrete actions. Then, a rendering module takes care of the actual graphical creation of the movie. We first present our views on the system requirements and provide a model of its architecture. Our demonstration is backed up by a literature review on auto- mated storytelling and rendering. We then analyse the strengths and weaknesses of existing work and show that further efforts are needed in order to address the full system requirements.
Analyzing the Downside Risk of Exchange-Traded Funds: Do the Volatility Estimators Matter?

This paper aims to propose the augmented GJR-GARCH (GJR-GARCH M ) model that extends the GJR-GARCH model by comprising overnight returns volatility (ONV), daily high-low prices range (PK), and fear index (VIX) as explanatory variables for the GJR’s variance equation, respectively. The proposed models are used to estimate the daily value-at-risk values and evaluate their downside risk management performance for the SPDRs covering the period from 2009 to 2014. Empirical results show that the GJR-GARCH M model outperforms the GJR-GARCH model for most cases, suggesting that the GJR-GARCH-based VaR forecasts can be moderately improved with the additional information embodied in the ONV, PK and VIX volatility estimators. In addition, daily high-low prices range and VIX are far more informative than the overnight volatility estimator for improving the GJR-GARCH-based VaR forecasts. Risk managers can employ the proposed models for estimating and controling the potential loss of ETFs in the face of financial catastrophes.
PREDICTION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC INTERFERENCE BETWEEN ANTENNAS ON VEHICLES

A simple but efficient method is investigated for predicting electromagnetic interference between antennas on vehicles. By modeling the vehicle body with a conducting wedge, the geometrical optics and uniform theory of diffraction are used to predict the interference power. Comparisons show that the interference power can be accurately predicted with only four dominating rays taken into account. The presented method is validated by measurements in typical environments. A further investigation of various parameters considered in predictions is also presented. Based on the proposed method, the interference power can be easily predicted just in MATLAB instead of the time-consuming full-wave simulation of the entire large-scale structure.
Influence of Movement Expertise on Visual Perception of Objects, Events and Motor Action- A Modeling Approach.

Various computational models of visual attention rely on the extraction of salient points or proto-objects, i.e., discrete units of attention, computed from bottom-up image features. In recent years, different solutions integrating top-down mechanisms were implemented, as research has shown that although eye movements initially are solely influenced by bottom-up information, after some time goal driven (highlevel) processes dominate the guidance of visual attention towards regions of interest (Hwang, Higgins & Pomplun, 2009). However, even these improved modeling approaches are unlikely to generalize to a broader range of application contexts, because basic principles of visual attention, such as cognitive control, learning and expertise, have thus far not sufficiently been taken into account (Tatler, Hayhoe, Land & Ballard, 2011). In some recent work, the authors showed the functional role and representational nature of long-term memory structures for human perceptual skills and motor control. Based on these findings, the chapter extends a widely applied saliency-based model of visual attention (Walther & Koch, 2006) in two ways: first, it computes the saliency map using the cognitive visual attention approach (CVA) that shows a correspondence between regions of high saliency values and regions of visual interest indicated by participants’ eye movements (Oyekoya & Stentiford, 2004). Second, it adds an expertise-based component (Schack, 2012) to represent the influence of the quality of mental representation structures in long-term memory (LTM) and the roles of learning on the visual perception of objects, events, and motor actions.
Antidermatophyte Activity of the Essential oil of Hypericum perforatum of North of Iran

Background: Dermatophytes are the main cause of human superficial mycosis that is still a public health problem especially in tropical countries such as Iran. Objective: The aim of this study was determining the antifungal effect of Hypercom perforatum essential oil. Methods: The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum fungicidal concentration (MFC) for the essential oil of the plant Hypericum perforatum against various dermatophytes were determined. The essential oil of Hypericum perforatum was obtained by hydro distillation of the dried plant. Clinical isolates of dermatophytes (Epidermophyton floccosum, Microsporum canis, Microsporum gypseum, T. mentagrophytes var. interdigital, T. mentagrophytes var. mentagrophytes., T. rubrum and Trichophyton tonsurans) were used for determining antifungal activity of this essential oil by in vitro tube dilution technique. Results: MIC90 and MFC90 values were remarkable. T. mentagrophytes var. interdigital showed a>1 log10 difference in viable count between treatment and control within the first hour, whereas E. floccosum did not. The essential oil of H. perforatum sufficiently inhibited and killed all tested dermatophytes in all different dilutions. The changes in growth curve of the treated dermatophytes were significant compared with the untreated dermatophytes. Conclusion: Terpinen-4-ol is the main component of the essential oil of H. perforatum, and perhaps could play the important role in antidermatophyte activity among the other components. It is suggested trying the in-vivo effects of Hypericum perforatum ointment or its other medicinal forms in the treatment and controlling of dermatophytes infections.
The Translated Strategic Alignment Model: A Practice-Based Perspective

In this article, we propose to revisit the concept of strategic alignment in a practice-based perspective. We propose new insights on this concept which has mostly been studied in the literature through Henderson and Venkatraman’s strategic alignment model (1993). In a grounded approach, we study practitioners’ daily practices through the in-depth investigation of three corporate cases and interviews with six consultants specialized in the management of information systems (IS). We use actor-network theory as a theoretical framework to help us make sense of and interpret our data. We propose a new, conceptual, non-functionalist model, which integrates several streams of literature: the translated strategic alignment model (TSAM). This model may serve as a help to drive toward a critical level of alignment that appears as necessary to clear the path toward competitive advantage.
A closer look at the money multipliers for the Turkish economy: Is there a stable relationship?

This paper examines whether the money multiplier processes in the Turkish economy is stable and can be forecasted. Research results using quarterly frequency data for the 1987Q1 – 2009Q4 investigation period show that the processes which convert the base money supply aggregates into the final monetary aggregates are unstable and tend to decrease the effectiveness of policies pursued by the monetary authorities. Such a result do not attribute credibility to the traditional Monetarist prescriptions for the conduct of the monetary economic policies in the Turkish economy.
Resource Index Construction based on Two-state Separating Model

The development of IOT(Internet of Things) make everything take into the internet. The query of these things in internet is different because they have different characters, including dynamic and static resources. In this paper, the method is proposed to enable an query of dynamic resources. Specifically, first a model of the trajectory of dynamic resources, called the trajectory two-state separating model(TTSM) is constructed. Experiment results show that the proposed algorithm is effective.
Assessing Social-Ecological System Resiliencein Mainland China

Rapid and extensive economic development in China has resulted in a dramatic increase in the consumption of energy and resources with negative ecological effects. This study sought to define the concept of social-ecological systems (SES) resilience to determine whether a given system can effectively withstand these adverse effects per its quantitative level of resilience. The information entropy method and set pair analysis were adopted to determine SES resilience indicators, including the vulnerability and response capacity of social, economic, and ecological subsystems. Thirty-one provincial regions in mainland China were taken as examples and their respective SES resilience levels were empirically measured. The driving mechanisms of resilience were identified based on the correlations of vulnerability and response capacity with resilience. Provinces with higher resilience were identified along the eastern coast of China, whereas provinces with lower resilience were located in the western and central parts of the country. The direction and rate of the factors differed and were uncertain, but a quadratic linear relationship between a driving factor and resilience was clearly identified. The results also confirmed that the set pair analysis method is suitable for SES resilience measurement.
Employment equity in Canada and South Africa: a comparative review

The South African Government has sought to redress the historical legacy of workplace discrimination by introducing the Employment Equity Act (1998), which was largely modeled on the Canadian Employment Equity Act. Although there is very little comparative information between South Africa and Canada, we fill this gap by reviewing the literature in both countries, highlighting common features of the legislation, discussing the effectiveness of legislation in both countries as well as the progress made by the designated groups covered by the legislation. This paper provides a background on the rationale for employment equity and associated human resource management policies in both Canada and South Africa. The analysis is largely based on institutional theories of organizations. Our evaluation provides overall conclusions for policy makers and organizational leaders, taking into consideration socio-historical, political, and demographic differences between the jurisdictions. Issues include top management commitment, organizational culture, Black economic empowerment, and diversity policies and practice.
Tear trough – Anatomy and treatment by autologous fat grafting

Tear trough is the main irregularity at midface, of which treatment is difficult. There is no agreement in literature about its anatomy and best treatment. The author presented an anatomical study and personal autologous fat grafting technique for tear trough treatment. Anatomical dissections were done on two fresh cadavers to examine the skin, subcutaneous, muscle and bone layers, spaces, and attachments. Safety and efficacy were evaluated via retrospective analysis of the last 200 consecutive procedures performed by the author. Tear trough is caused by the abrupt transition of the palpebral orbicular oculi muscle (OOM) ( i.e. , thin skin without subcutaneous fat compartment) to the orbital OOM ( i.e. , thicker skin with malar fat compartment). The tear trough region is located at the OOM bony origin at the medial canthus where no specific ligament was found. The grafted fat volume stabilized at two or three months after the procedure, instead of six months as stated in literature, with excellent results and no severe complications. Tear trough is a personal characteristic, a natural anatomical depression caused by subcutaneous irregularity and can worsen with age. The lack of volume is not effectively corrected by surgeries and thus it must be filled. Fat grafting has several advantages over alloplastic fillers, although it may be more difficult. Fat graft is autologous and abundant, and tissue transplantation could enhance skin quality. Fat grafting is a simple, safe, and effective solution for adding extra volume to correct the deflation phenomenon of the midface aging process. There is no specific anatomical plane for volume injection; the fat graft must be evenly distributed in the deep and superficial plane for uniformity.