Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The hypothesized visual system of Thrips tabaci (Lindeman) and Frankliniella occidentalis (Pergande) based on different coloured traps’ catches

Thrips tabaci Lindeman and Frankliniella occidentalis (Pergande) are the most studied members of Thysanoptera: Thripidae, since these thrips species have already become worldwide spread pests causing serious yield losses. Thrips damage host plants directly through the feeding process and indirectly by transmitting plant viruses. Biological characteristics of these species make them difficult to manage and prevent the damage they cause. This study is aimed to find the most attractive colour of the commonly used sticky traps for mass trapping of these two species, and generate information about the vision system of both specimens by investigating the reflectance spectrum of these traps. The attractiveness of white, yellow, blue and fluorescent yellow sticky traps for T. tabaci was investigated in a white cabbage field during summer production. The order of attractiveness of yellow, blue and fluorescent yellow traps was also investigated for F. occidentalis in a greenhouse during the pollination season of selected cauliflower plants. In this study number of captured thrips specimens was significantly affected by trap’s colour in open field for T.tabaci (χ2(3)=147,4; p<0,001) and also in the greenhouse for F.occidentalis (χ2(2)=457,8; p<0,001). No significant differences were found between the numbers of the specimens of T. tabaci caught by the yellow (average 36,03 specimens per trap) and white (average 33,25 specimens per trap) coloured traps (Mean dif. 2,06; SE 3,79; Bonferroni sig. p=1,000), while the blue colour (average 18,1 specimens per trap) proved to be the least attractive. Fluorescent yellow coloured traps caught the highest number of the specimens (average 82,88 specimens per trap) of T. tabaci. The highest numbers of F. occidentalis were also caught with fluorescent yellow sticky traps (average 47,88 specimens per trap), followed by blue (average 21,67 specimens per trap) and yellow (average 9,29 specimens per trap). Thereby, fluorescent yellow traps proved to be the most effective in this study for monitoring thrips species both in the field and in the greenhouse. The light reflectance of the coloured sticky traps used in this study and the petals of cauliflower flowers were also measured both in the UV and visible light ranges. The proportion of captured thrips specimens of the two species (T. tabaci and F. occidentalis) and the light reflectance spectrum of the most preferred coloured traps suggest that these thrips species might have different photoreceptor systems. Results of this study also suggest that light reflectance in the yellow region and in the UV range has the most important effect on host plant selection of T. tabaci and F. occidentalis.
Unpacking the Causes of Ethnic Segregation across Workplaces

Using a large sample of employees-within-workplaces, the author investigates the relative role of random and systematic sorting for ethnic segregation across workplaces. If employees, in a counterfactual world, were randomly allocated to workplaces, the level of ethnic segregation across workplaces would just be halved. The remainder of segregation - systematic segregation - is upheld because employees that are recruited to workplaces tend to be similar to those already employed there, not because underrepresented groups within workplaces are systematically screened out of them. This homosocial inflow of employees appears largely to be sustained by employers’ tendency to select new employees from a pool of workplaces where its employees have been employed previously.
Dutch Dealings with the Delta

This article shows how Dutch technological culture has historically dealt with and developed around vulnerability with respect to flooding and indicates recent developments in attitude towards the flood threat. The flooding of New Orleans in the wake of Hurricane Katrina temporarily made the Dutch public worry about the flood defense infrastructure in the Netherlands, exemplified by the Delta Works. Could this happen in the Netherlands? After the flooding disaster of 1953, a system of large dams was built to offer safety from flooding with—in theory at least—protection levels that are much higher than in New Orleans. In the public's perception the protection offered is absolute. In practice not all flood defense structures are as secure as they are supposed to be, but their upgrading takes time and money. Katrina has served as a reminder of what is at stake: Can the Dutch afford to take another 10 years to restore the protection level of their flood defenses? Calls for pride in clever engineering are the latest in a continuing debate on the best way to continue life below sea level.
Reducing fat deposition in poultry by immunising against adipocyte membranes: III. Attempts in using eggs for transmission and development of antibodies (Mengurangkan lemak melalui imunisasi terhadap membran adiposit pada poltri: III. Percubaan menggunakan telur untuk penyaluran dan penghasilan anti

The transmission and development of antibodies against adipocyte membranes in eggs were studied. This process overcomes the problem of delivery of the antigen and would be useful for the production of lean chickens. Laying chickens were used for both passive immunisation using turkey antibodies against adipocyte membranes and active immunisation with modified broiler adipocyte membranes.Egg production from immunised chicken was decreased in the early stages after passive immunisation only, but generally there was no significant difference between immunised and control chicken for both passive and active immunisations. There was no build up of antibodies in the eggs in the passive immunisation, even though the concentrations in the blood were high,. This was probably because the antibodies did not have enough time to enter the eggs. On the contrary, the active immunisation showed specific antibody build up at the second and third immunisations. The concentrations of the antibodies in active immunisation were also higher as compared to passive immunisation. Therefore, eggs from active immunisation could be easily selected for breeding purposes at the peak antibody production. There were also no significant differences (p > 0.05) between treatments in terms of weights of carcasses and various organs of layer hens. This is an indication that immunisations caused no side effects on the laying hens. Penyaluran dan penghasilan antibodi terhadap membran sel lemak ke dalam telur dapat mengatasi masalah penyaluran antigen dan sangat berguna untuk pengeluaran ayam yang kurang lemak. Kajian ini menggunakan kaedah imunisasi pasif dan aktif pada ibu ayam yang masih bertelur. Dalam imunisasi pasif, antibodi ayam turki terhadap sel lemak telah disuntik ke dalam ayam yang masih bertelur dan dalam imunisasi aktif pula hanya membran sel lemak sahaja yang disuntik ke jenis ayam yang sama. Pengeluaran telur tidak terjejas bagi ayam yang diimunisasikan sama ada secara pasif atau aktif, kecuali pada awal imunisasi pasif sahaja. Ini berkemungkinan bahawa antibodi tersebut tidak berkesempatan masuk ke dalam telur, walaupun kepekatan antibodi masih tinggi di dalam darah ayam berkenaan. Dari segi imunisasi aktif pula, pengeluaran antibodi ternyata pada peringkat imunisasi kedua dan ketiga. Kepekatan antibodi juga lebih tinggi berbanding dengan imunisasi pasif. Ini menunjukkan bahawa pemilihan telur untuk pembiakan boleh diambil pada takat ini. Kedua-dua bentuk imunisasi tidak nyata berbeza dari segi berat karkas dan beberapa organ di dalam ibu ayam. Ini menandakan yang proses imunisasi tidak meninggalkan apa-apa kesan sampingan pada ibu yang masih bertelur. Keywords: fat reduction; poultry; passive immunisation; active immunisation; adipocyte membrane antigen; egg antibodies (IgY)
Wolf-Rayet spin at low metallicity and its implication for Black Hole formation channels

We would like to thank the anonymous referee for their constructive comments. This research made use of the SIMBAD database, operated at CDS, Strasbourg, France. JSV is funded by the Northern Ireland Department of Communities (DfC). TJH was funded by ST/M0012174/1.
PARTICLE SWARM OPTIMIZATION FOR A METAMATERIAL SPIRAL RESONATOR

Soft computing techniques are emerging as highly efficient global optimization techniques in the field of electromagnetics and communication systems. These techniques have proved their efficiency in antenna engineering, wireless communication, absorber design and a few in the field of metamaterial structural analysis. Particle swarm optimization, although has been used recently in controls, is still new to the field of metamaterial science and technology. In this paper, particle swarm optimization (PSO) is used for design optimization of a spiral resonator (SR). Equivalent circuit analysis is used for the analytical model of the SR. The aim of particle swarm optimization is the estimation of structural parameters of the SR at a desired frequency range. A comparative study with other soft computing techniques w.r. t. accuracy and computational time is provided.
AN ANALYTICAL APPROACH FOR APPROXIMATION OF EXPERIMENTAL HYSTERETIC LOOPS BY BOUC -WEN MODEL

In this paper an analytical method is developed to identify the Bouc-Wen model parameters from the experimental data of periodic loading tests. The model parameters are determined by closed analytical relationships such as the predicted and experimental hysteresis loops to have exactly the same maximum force values and coordinates of loop- axes crossing points. Asymmetric hysteretic characteristics are modeled by sewing the solutions of two different Bouc-Wen equations, corresponding to negative and positive values of the imposed cyclic displacement. The method efficiency is illustrated by its application to portraying the asymmetric hysteretic behavior of two vibration control devices.
Crude oil volatility : hedgers or investors

We evaluate differential effects of the trading activity of two classes of traders: hedgers and general investors, on the volatility of the NYMEX crude oil futures returns. It appears that the rebalancing activity of oil hedgers has a significant and positive effect on the oil futures volatility. On the other hand, non-commercial players (investors) who take positions in the crude oil futures as well as stocks and bonds do not affect the crude oil volatility significantly by rebalancing their positions.
KERJAYA DAN EKONOMI SEBAGAI MOTIF EKSPATRIASI EKSPATRIAT AKADEMIK DI INSTITUSI PENGAJIAN TINGGI AWAM MALAYSIA

Fokus utama kajian ini adalah untuk mengetahui motif utama yang menyebabkan ekspatriat akademik dari serata dunia mengambil keputusan untuk berekspatriasi ke Malaysia seterusnya berkhidmat di Institusi Pengajian Tinggi Awam Malaysia (IPTA). Hasil daripada kajian yang dijalankan secara kualitatif melalui kaedah temubual secara mendalam bersama 30 orang responden yang dipilih dari tiga buah IPTA Malaysia, telah mendapati bahawa motif utama yang menyebabkan mereka mengambil keputusan untuk melakukan ekspatriasi ke Malaysia dan memilih IPTA Malaysia sebagai destinasi untukmeneruskan kerjaya sebagai ahli akademik adalah disebabkan oleh dua motif utama iaitu kerjaya dan ekonomi. Sejajar dengan peningkatan jumlah kehadiran ekspatriat akademik di negara ini dan kebergantungan IPTA Malaysia terhadapkomuniti ekspatriat akademik bagi mengisi perjawatan akademik, maka pemahaman mendalam mengenai motif ekspatriasi adalah relevan dalam membantu usaha pengambilan, pemilihan dan pengekalan kakitangan ekspatriatakademik pada masa hadapan.
Individual Animal Selection Has the Potential to Improve Uniformity of Grazing on Foothill Rangeland

Abstract Uneven grazing distribution is a concern in rugged topography, because resources may be adversely impacted if livestock concentrate in gentle terrain near water. A study was conducted to determine if removing cattle with undesirable distribution patterns has the potential to increase uniformity of grazing. Before the study, 2 herds of cattle were observed by horseback observers during early mornings to establish terrain use patterns of individual animals. Cows were ranked on slope use and observed vertical and horizontal distance to water. Based on these rankings, cows were assigned to 1 of 2 treatments, hill climbers (observed on steeper slopes and farther from water) or bottom dwellers (used gentler slopes near water). Hill climber and bottom dweller cows grazed similar, but separate, pastures at 2 ranches during the 3-year study for a total of 8 comparisons. Based on a normalized and integrated index of terrain use from visual observations, hill climber cows used steeper and more distant areas from water (P = 0.06) than bottom dwellers. Hill climber cows tracked by global positioning system collars used steeper and more distant areas from water than bottom dwellers (P ≤ 0.09) during the first 4 weeks of the 6 weeks that pastures were grazed based on a normalized index of terrain use. Forage utilization was more uniform (P < 0.05) across slopes and varying horizontal distances to water in pastures grazed by hill climbers than by bottom dwellers. Stubble heights in riparian and coulee bottom areas were higher (P = 0.01) when grazed by hill climber cows (13.3 cm) than by bottom dwellers (8.1 cm). This study demonstrates that cattle with divergent grazing patterns when observed in the same pasture continue to use different terrain when separated, and it suggests that individual animal selection has the potential to increase uniformity of grazing.
Retrieval of ozone profiles from OMPS limb scattering observations

Abstract. This study describes a retrieval algorithm developed at the University of Bremen to obtain vertical profiles of ozone from limb observations performed by the Ozone Mapper and Profiler Suite (OMPS). This algorithm is based on the technique originally developed for use with data from the SCanning Imaging Absorption spectroMeter for Atmospheric CHartographY (SCIAMACHY) instrument. As both instruments make limb measurements of the scattered solar radiation in the ultraviolet (UV) and visible (Vis) spectral ranges, an underlying objective of the study is to obtain consolidated and consistent ozone profiles from the two satellites and to produce a combined data set. The retrieval algorithm uses radiances in the UV and Vis wavelength ranges normalized to the radiance at an upper tangent height to obtain ozone concentrations in the altitude range of 12–60 km. Measurements at altitudes contaminated by clouds in the instrument field of view are identified and filtered out. An independent aerosol retrieval is performed beforehand and its results are used to account for the stratospheric aerosol load in the ozone inversion. The typical vertical resolution of the retrieved profiles varies from ∼ 2.5 km at lower altitudes (
Augmented Solow Model with Mincerian Education and Transport Infrastructure Externalities

According to Crescezni and Rodriguez-Pose (2008) backward European states and regions should follow balanced strategies in which infrastructure development is coordinated with policies aimed at developing human capital and the innovative potential of regions. In order to assess their postulates we extend the analysis of Carstensen et al. (2009) further augmenting the neoclassical Solow Model to incorporate Mincerian schooling externalities and infrastructure externalities in a single theoretical framework. Infrastructure is introduced into the model in a manner similar to exogenous Hicks-neutral technological change, raising the overall efficiency of an economy. The theoretical model has been empirically tested for a panel of European economies in the period 1999–2010. Econometric estimates for a balanced panel data model bring interesting results. The overall fit of the model is considerable. In accordance with our expectations, the macroeconomic returns to human capital accumulation and infrastru cture are positive and statistically significant for a full sample of countries. Externalities are stronger for CEE transition economies than for non-CEE countries. The infrastructure externality is positive and statistically significant for CEE states only when we control for the level of openness of an economy. Results obtained are robust when taken with the modifications of the baseline empirical model.
The Effect of Population Socio-Economic Characteristics on Tourism Demand in Serbia: A Survey

The synthesis of various theoretical concepts and empirical research confirms the significance of leisure time and leisure funds as fundamental factors of tourism demand. It also confirms the fact that the correlation between resources and needs shows that all the person's efforts are directed to coordination between their needs and means and that those tourist needs are manifested through the tourist consumption. Therefore, the study is based on the assumption that socio-economic characteristics of population have a great influence on the decision concerning where and how the vacation will be used. Thus, the aim of the research was to determine whether there is and how important is the influence of socio-economic characteristics of the population as independent variables on the scope and direction of movement of tourist demand in the particular case in practice. Based on the conducted research and analysed results, the authors strived to examine the initial hypotheses, that is to provide a statistical correlation between the dependent and independent variables. The results of research confirm the hypothesis that the socio-economic characteristics of working and living conditions of the population have a great impact on the dynamics and scope of tourism demand. According to the defined aim, the theoretical elaboration of the results dominates the study. During the research and results analysis, the following methods were used: T-test, One-Factor Analysis of Variance, Pearson Correlation Coefficient, Logistic Regression and Multiple Regression.
Organisational commitment and its relation to career anchors : research article

The changing and unstable workplace and its profoundly negative impact on employee loyalty, morale, motivation and job security have led to a renewed interest in the motives and values that determine individuals' psychological attachment to their organisations and occupations. The objective of the present study was to determine the relationship between individuals' organisational commitment as measured by the three-dimensional Organisational Commitment Questionnaire, and their career anchors, as measured by the Career Orientations Inventory. A convenience sample of 157 part-time honours students from a higher education institution was used. Results of a canonical correlation analysis indicated that the career anchors explain only 0.03% of the commitment variance, while the commitment variables explain only 0.4% of the career anchors variance. A number of significant relationships between the two variables are reported. The results also showed significant differences between the career anchors of males and females. The implications of the findings are discussed.
Serotinous cones of Cupressus sempervirens provide viable seeds in spite of high seed predation

La production de cones, la serotinie et les degâts causes aux graines ont ete compares entre cinq familles de demi-freres au sein d'un test de familles de Cupressus sempervirens de 18 ans d'âge en Italie. Des differences significatives entre familles ont ete observees pour le nombre moyen de cones serotineux par arbre mais pas pour le nombre total de cones produits par l'arbre au cours de sa vie. Plus de 60 % des cones ont ete attaques par un chalcidien des graines, Megastigmus wachtli, ou par une punaise des graines, Orsillus maculatus, mais des champignons pathogenes (Seiridium cardinale, Pestalotiopsis funerea) n'ont ete observes que dans moins de 25 % de ces cones. La qualite et la quantite de graines a varie significativement entre familles et selon l'âge des cones. La perte de graines due aux predateurs et pathogenes a ete plus importante dans les cones serotineux, s'elevant de 75,3 % a 90,8 % du potentiel de depart. Cependant, les graines restees saines etaient susceptibles de germer a plus de 70 %. Il semble que la serotinie joue un role important dans la biologie reproductive du cypres.
Research Activities on FPGA Design, Cryptographic Hardware, and Security Services

This paper reports on the main research results achieved by the author, including activities carried out in the context of funded Research Projects, until year 2012. The report presents an overview of the findings involving cryptographic hardware, as well as the results related to the acceleration of cryptanalytical algorithms. Another major research line involved FPGA design automation and testing. The above results were complemented by works on security service provisioning in distributed environments. The report presents an exhaustive description of all the scientific works derived from the above activities, indicating the essential insights behind each of them and the main results collected from the experimental evaluation.
CSCW Systems on PvC Environments

CSCW is a well-suited discipline for appropriate communicating ideas inside a group and even in an inter-group cooperation. Though basic technology for communication annoy people with too many computer-related tasks to deliver at-the-time elaborated notes in the meanwhile of a group activity. An emerging trend that promises to bring a solution on this matter is that of ubiquitous, or pervasive computing. PvC is about computation becoming part of the environment with the ambition to accomplish accessing information anytime no matter the distance of user's location. This is not only related to largely distributed systems and applications, but about highly dynamic and mobile sets – clusters of participants, interacting with each other and storing data on mobile devices, as well as in remote facilities. PvC systems certainly come to facilitate CSCW making every kind of such systems to look as the simplest groupware option and providing a new and particular kind of such systems, what might be called as PvCE-SCW. This paper reports on current efforts on this type of systems describing their requirements and challenges with the intent to provide a summary of successful accomplishments on this matter.
Setting UK standards on the concept of control: An analysis of lobbying behaviour

Abstract The present study aims to contribute to an understanding of the complexity of lobbying activities within the accounting standard‐setting process in the UK. The paper reports detailed content analysis of submission letters to four related exposure drafts. These preceded two accounting standards that set out the concept of control used to determine the scope of consolidation in the UK, except for reporting under international standards. Regulation on the concept of control provides rich patterns of lobbying behaviour due to its controversial nature and its significance to financial reporting. Our examination is conducted by dividing lobbyists into two categories, corporate and non‐corporate, which are hypothesised (and demonstrated) to lobby differently. In order to test the significance of these differences we apply ANOVA techniques and univariate regression analysis. Corporate respondents are found to devote more attention to issues of specific applicability of the concept of control, whereas non‐corporate respondents tend to devote more attention to issues of general applicability of this concept. A strong association between the issues raised by corporate respondents and their line of business is revealed. Both categories of lobbyists are found to advance conceptually‐based arguments more often than economic consequences‐based or combined arguments. However, when economic consequences‐based arguments are used, they come exclusively from the corporate category of respondents.