Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Implant complications: scope of the problem

The introduction of endosseous dental implants as an option for restoring partially and fully edentulous patients has revolutionized dental treatment. High survival rates reported for single and multiple missing tooth replacements have validated the use of implantsupported restorations as a predictable method for oral rehabilitation (1–9). In fact, owing to the improved function provided by implants, the Toronto Consensus Conference concluded that a two-implant-supported overdenture should be considered the standard of care (replacing the full denture) for mandibular edentulous patients (10). Implants enable a single missing tooth to be replaced without restoring adjacent teeth. In addition, implants allow fixed restorations to be fabricated in patients who are fully or partially edentulous. Thus, the National Institutes of Health, Consensus Development Conference Statement in 1978 on Dental Implant: Benefits and Risk concluded that, “clinically, thousands of patients have been treated with dental implants for years and there is no question that many received long-term benefits”. However, the report further stated that, “some implants, fail in patients within six months; and some have resulted in extensive bone loss and produced irreversible defects and complications” (11). Although this report is more than 30 years old, and refers to different types of implant systems than those that are currently being used, problems with implant complications have grown in number and complexity. This is reflected in the increased number of articles, journals, and continuing education conferences that have recently been devoted to the topic of implant complications (4, 12–28). Two recent literature reviews reported that when implant success was defined as an implant-retained restoration free of complications, only 61% of patients after 5 years with implant support fixed partial dentures (FPDs) (27) and 50% of patients after 10 years with combined tooth/implant FPDs (28) reported no complications. Moreover, the prevalence of complications increased dramatically in some categories. In the latter study, for example, in terms of technical complications, the incidence of connection-related complications (screw loosen ing or fracture) rose from 4.3% after 5 years to 26.4% after 10 years. Of the 9% of restorations that were cemented, loss of retention of the restorations occurred in 6.2% within 5 years and 24.9% within 10 years (19). Obviously, implant complications increase with the length of time an implant-supported restoration is in place. This book addresses the various complications with respect to their etiology, prevention, and treatment. Following a similar “Etiology, Prevention, and Treatment” format, this chapter addresses the scope of the problem regarding implant complications.
EVALUATING OR SELECTING A SUITABLE INFORMATION SYSTEM DEVELOPMENT METHODOLOGY: A CASE STUDY

Information system development methodologies have been applied by numerous organisations since the mid-1980s in an attempt to improve the efficiency and effectiveness of designing and developing new information systems. Despite advances in methodologies, tools and techniques, productivity is still low. High quality products are seldom produced and at high cost. The advantages and disadvantages of using a methodological approach is discussed. The author identifies the key drivers for applying an information system development methodology successfully and provides a method for selecting or evaluating a methodology tailored to an organisation’s unique set of organisational, cultural and environmental variables. The framework has been applied to Waymark Infotech, a South African information technology organisation. OPSOMMING Ontwikkelingsmetodologiee vir inligtingstelsels word sedert die middel van die 1980’s deur vele organisasies aangewend in hul poging om die effektiwiteit en doeltreffendheid van die ontwikkelingsproses van inligtingstelsels te verbeter. Ten spyte daarvan dat vooruitgang en ontwikkeling plaasgevind het ten opsigte van metodologiee, hulpmiddels en tegnieke, is produktiwiteit steeds laag. Duur en lae-gehalte inligtingstelselprodukte word gelewer. Die voor- en nadele van ‘n metodologiese benadering word beredeneer. Die outeur identifiseer die kernaspekte nodig vir die suksesvolle aanwending van ‘n ontwikkelingsmedodologie vir inligtingstelsels. ‘n Metode word aangebied aan die hand waarvan ’n bepaalde metodologie gekies of ontwikkel kan word. Die metode neem verskeie veranderlikes (organisatories, kultureel en omgewingsverwant) in ag.
Livrable D2.2 of the PERSEE project : Analyse/Synthese de Texture

HAL is a multi-disciplinary open access archive for the deposit and dissemination of scientific research documents, whether they are published or not. The documents may come from teaching and research institutions in France or abroad, or from public or private research centers. L’archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire HAL, est destinée au dépôt et à la diffusion de documents scientifiques de niveau recherche, publiés ou non, émanant des établissements d’enseignement et de recherche français ou étrangers, des laboratoires publics ou privés. Livrable D2.2 of the PERSEE project : Analyse/Synthese de Texture Josselin Gautier, Christine Guillemot, Vincent Jantet, Olivier Le Meur, Luce Morin, Mehmet Turkan
Chasing the Kony story

On June 28, 2006, The Times of London ran a frontpage photograph of a rather puzzled looking Joseph Kony, rebel leader of the Lord‘s Resistance Army (LRA). Advertised as the first ever interview the LRA leader had given, the headline read: ―I will use the Ten Commandments to liberate Uganda‖. The writer of the article, a reporter named Sam Farmar, described his dramatic entry into the world of the LRA: ―As we walk into the dark, airless jungle clearing after 12 days of increasingly arduous travel, I understand how Stanley must have felt when he finally tracked down Livingstone‖ (Farmar 28 June 2006). The person Farmar had found was of course very unlike the Victorian missionary. At last, a fearless reporter had ventured into the heart of darkness and found the elusive, Kurtz-like figure perpetrator of appalling acts for twenty years, creator of a community of brainwashed followers, inculcated with his bizarre bible interpretations. It was a great scoop.
Towards Security Solutions in IoT Sensor Network and Middleware

— Internet of Things (IoT) is present in several environments, from houses to large health care institutions. Data flows from small sensors and actuators to large data centers and cloud computer services. Small sensors and actuators need to guarantee data confidentiality, availability and integrity, even with limited resources. This paper presents a systematic mapping outlining problems and solutions studied in the last three years about middleware and sensors network security. The process used to select, filter and analyze articles is described and the results indicate efforts to certify integrity, availability and, especially, confidentiality.
LOGGING IMPACTS IN TROPICAL LOWLAND HUMID FOREST ON TREE SPECIES DIVERSITY AND ENVIRONMENTAL CONSERVATION

This study assessed the effects of exploitations i n natural forest ecosystem on tree species diversity and environmental conservation. This was achieved by comparing tree species diversity and yield in an unlogged forest (inviolate/strict natur e reserve) and part of the forest reserve where act ive logging is in progress. Both forest types are locat ed in Akure Forest reserve, Ondo State, Nigeria. Ei ght plots (20 × 20m) were located in each site using sy stematic sampling technique. All living trees with dbh > 10cm were identified in each plot and categorized into families. Ddiameter at breast height was measured from each of the trees in each plot. This was used to compute basal area and volume. Relative frequency, relative density and habitat occupancy w ere obtained and compared. Shannon-Weiner and species evenness indices were used to assess and co mpare tree species diversity and abundance. The result shows that the tropical humid forest is very rich in tree species diversity as a total of 54 di fferent tropical hardwood species from 24 families were enc ou tered in both forest types. There are 46 species distributed among 21 families in the inviolate fore st while 24 species in 14 families were in the logg ed forest. Higher values of Shannon-Weiner (3.16 and 3 .03 for inviolate and logged respectively) and evenness index (0.83 and 0.81) are also obtained fo r the inviolate and logged forest respectively. The stand density in the inviolate is 555 stems/ha and that of the logged forest is 132 stems/ha. A mean d bh of 39.35 cm and 14.24 cm, basal area of 10.34 m /ha and 2.14 m/ha and volume of 1235.04 m 3 and 14.81 m were obtained for the inviolate and logged forests respectively. In the inviolate forest, the species with the highest number of occurrence is Mansonia altissima (80stems/ha) and Caesalpinoidae and Sterculiaceae families have the highest number of s pecies (6). In the logged forest, Triplochiton scleroxylon (18 stems/ha) has the highest frequency and Caesal pinoidae family has the highest number of species (4). There are significant differences in a ll the variables estimated (P < 0.5) with result fr om the inviolate forest having the highest value. The stud y concluded that exploitation has affected species diversity in the ecosystem and subsequently, the ro les f trees in environmental conservation are affe cted.
METABOLITES ACTIVITY OF ENDOPHYTIC STREPTOMYCES SP. IPBCC. B.15.1539 FROM TINOSPORA CRISPA L. MIERS: ALPHA-GLUCOSIDASE INHIBITOR AND ANTI-HYPERGLYCEMIC IN MICE

Objective: This research work aimed to assess the capability of endophytic Streptomyces sp. IPBCC. b.15. 1539 isolated from Tinospora crispa inproducing α-glucosidase inhibitor compound and examined the effect of its ethyl acetate extract containing α glucosidase inhibitor in lowering blood glucose in streptozotozin mice. Methods: Streptomyces sp. IPBCC. b.15. 1539 was grown in a bioreactor filled with International Streptomyces Project 2 medium, for 5, 10, 15, and 20 days, and assayed for its in vitro α-glucosidase inhibitory activity. The ethyl acetate extract was examined for its IC50 Results: The crude extract produced value. An in vivo experiment was set up using thirty mice, which were divided into five treatment groups: (a) acarbose (0.03 mg/30 g body weight) used as a positive control, (b) placebo used as a negative control, (c-e) treatment groups were treated with ethyl acetate extract at 0.036 mg/30 g body weight (P1), 0.36 mg/30 gbody weight (P2), 0.036 mg/30 g body weight (P3). 98.5% α-glucosidase inhibitory activity, with 15,6 biomass after 10 days of production. The ethyl acetateextract at a concentration of 1000 µg/ml produced 96.08% α-glucosidase inhibitory activity, while acarbose at the same concentration gave 97.46% inhibition. The IC50 for the ethyl acetate extract Conclusions: The was 0.047 µg/ml, while for acarbose was 0.003 µg/ml. The ethyl acetate extract applied as the P1 treatment group lowered blood glucose levels in streptozotozin mice by 26%. α-glucosidase inhibitor of Streptomyces sp. IPBCC. b.15. 1539 of T. crispa has the potency as an antidiabetic agent for type 2 DM therapy.
Result Analysis of Edge Detection of Brighter Satellite Images: A Comparative Study of New and Existing Techniques

Edge detection is a very important as well as essential method in digital image processing and computer vision.It is a widely used technique in image processing for edge detection of different Gray-scale and color image. There are various methods for edge detection. The goal of edge detection is to mark the points in a digital image at which the luminous intensity changes sharply. Sharp changes in image properties usually reflect important events and changes in properties of the world. These include discontinuities in depth, discontinuities in surface orientation, changes in material properties and Variations in scene illumination. In this paper, a new method for edge detection of images is presented. Here, an improved method for edge detection (Upper constructor with LOG operator) has compared with morphological operator, specifically for the edge detection of brighter satellite images.
Three-dimensional turbulence structure of rectangular side-cavity zone in open-channel streams

Open-ended side-cavity zones are often observed in natural rivers. They appear in embayment and aligned spur-dike fields. Many pollutant clouds and suspended sediments are conveyed and trapped in the cavities, and it is thus very important in environmental hydraulics and river management to accurately predict mass and momentum exchanges through mainstream/side-cavity interface. It is well known that small-scale shedding vortices are generated due to shear instability induced by velocity differences between high-speed mainstream and low-speed embayment flows. A large momentum in the main-channel causes large-scale horizontal gyre in the cavity zone. The coherent turbulence structure in the mainstream/embayment boundary and the horizontal large-scale gyre structure play a key role in the mass/momentum exchanges. In particular, previous studies have pointed out that a rectangular-shaped cavity zone with an aspect ratio of 3.0 produces two kinds of gyres and shows a more effective exchange property in comparison with a square-shaped cavity. However, much uncertainty remains regarding the detailed hydrodynamics accompanied by three-dimensional turbulence motions. Using large eddy simulation, which is also compared with particle image velocimetry measurements, we predict three-dimensional current properties and turbulence structure. Based on these results, a significant relation between instantaneous vertical flows and the spanwise momentum transfer is shown. Furthermore, a phenomenological flow model is proposed for the side-cavity zone in the open-channel field.
Skill Dispersion and International Trade Patterns

There are a lot of studies on International trade, in which the aggregate factor endowments of a country and the effect on trade is investigated. Comparative advantage, whether driven by technology or aggregate factor endowments, is the key determinant of international trade. However, only a few empirical studies have investigated the distribution of these endowments and the influence on the trade pattern between countries. However, the distribution of factor endowments can be a source for comparative advantage as well. Thus, not only aggregate factor endowments make a difference in the determination of trade patterns, also the dispersion of these factors matters for trade. In this thesis the factor labor will be considered. The dispersion of skills in a country can raise incentives to trade. It is observed that countries can trade even if the technology in the two countries and the aggregated endowments are the same. In this study, the following hypothesis will be investigated: Countries with relatively greater skill dispersion will specialize in industries characterized by high-technology products and will eventually export these products. In order to do this, an empirical framework is set up. 17 different industries of 18 different countries are taken into account. The two most important variables, which are constructed for this study, are skill dispersion and the R&D intensity of export. The technology of a country is visible due to the variable R&D intensity of export. The R&D intensity of export will be regressed on skill dispersion. This study shows that a significantly positive influence of skill dispersion on the R&D intensity of export occurs, which supports the hypothesis that countries with relatively greater skill dispersion will export high-technology products
D Head Pose Estimation Using Adaptive Face Template

3D Head Pose Estimation Using Adaptive Face Template Woo Won Kim Department of Biometrics The Graduate School Yonsei University The estimation of human head pose has become an important issue in human-computer interaction field. Several real-world applications of head pose estimation have been employed, such as a virtual avatar control and car driver assistance system, and the usage and demand keeps growing in the field. In the last decade, various approaches have been attempted to achieve head pose estimation in academical and industrial fields, but a truly efficient application of achieving low-cost and easy-to-use performance still remains a difficult task. Also, head pose estimation has fewer generic solutions or established systems despite the demand compared to other computer vision techiniques such as face
Livelihood Options for Rural Poor Households in Ghana: A Case Study of the Asutifi District

About 87 percent to 89 percent of rural households in Ghana engage in small scale farming. However, rural poverty in Ghana is deepest among food crop farmers due to the vulnerable nature of their livelihood. Food crop farmers depend on single weather oriented agriculture and find it difficult to avoid or withstand livelihood stress and shocks such as drought, crop failure, pests and disease infestation among others. This study therefore focused on the need for rural households to develop additional livelihood options to provide vital income diversification, spread risk and provide means to cope when farming and other sources of income fail. Data from 138 heads of household who have adopted either Grasscutter ( Thryonomys swinderianus ), edible Mushroom ( Pleurotus ostreatus) and edible Snail ( Achatina achatina) production as an additional livelihood activity to augment their livelihood options in the Asutifi District revealed that these supplementary livelihoods yields more income benefits than farming and other traditional livelihoods. The study concludes that rural households must be assisted to diversify their livelihoods if they are to overcome poverty. Keywords: Rural Livelihoods, Poverty, Ghana.
MICROBICIDAL EVALUATION OF PLANT EXTRACTS - IRON METAL IONS COMPLEX

Objective: The aim of this study is to screen and evaluate the antimicrobial or microbicidal effect of plant metabolites, conjugated with essential iron metal ions. Methods: First batch of study includes screening of antimicrobial activity of leaves of mint ( Mentha ), methi ( Trigonella foenum-graecum ), and neem ( Azadirachta indica ) against Bacillus, Aspergillus, and Rhizopus sp. , respectively. Inhibition of microbial growth and propagation was investigated using agar well diffusion method (minimum inhibitory concentration evaluation). Antibiotic agent, streptomycin sulfate, and antimycotic agent, and fluconazole was used as a positive control. The polar, non-polar, and aqueous extracts of plants leaves of abovementioned plant species were screened for their antibacterial activity against Bacillus sp. and antifungal activity against Aspergillus and Rhizopus sp . and their mix culture, respectively. Second batch of study includes evaluation of combinatorial effect of plant extracts of mint ( Mentha piperita ), methi ( T. foenum-graecum ), and neem ( A. indica ) complexed with ferric ions (Fe3+, Iron metal ions) in concentrations at acceptable dosage range. Results: The antibacterial and antifungal activity of the plants leaves extracts in different combinations was evaluated. The plant extracts from selected plant of neem, methi, and mint after conjugation with essential iron metal ions and at a concentration of 100 mg/ml show an enhanced microbicidal (2-3 fold) activity compared to only plant extracts used in the experiment. Conclusion: Based on the above investigation, it can be concluded that the plant extracts possessing antimicrobial property when conjugated with essential metal ions (iron metal ions) show enhanced antimicrobial efficacy compared to only plant extracts used. The result from this investigation could be very helpful in the food preservation and packaging industry.
ASSESSMENT OF NONIGNORALBE LOG-LINEAR MODELS FOR AN INCOMPLETE CONTINGENCY TABLE

A challenging problem in the analysis of an incomplete contingency table is that the use of nonignorable nonresponse models requires explicit specification of missing data mechanism. In this paper we propose a data analytic approach to aid in distinguishing between plausible nonignorable log-linear models for an incomplete contingency table. The proposed method involves the computation of a set of response odds and nonresponse odds that are directly connected with the magnitude of the parameters representing types of nonignorable mechanism assumed in the log-linear models. These odds can be easily estimated from observed counts. We illustrate the performance of the proposed method with simulation and data. We also discuss a generalizability of the proposed method in two directions, its applicability for a three-way incomplete contingency table and its applicability for nonignorable nonresponse models other than the log-linear
"Say lovely things about me so that I know I am like that!" The Role of Positive Photo Comments Posted on Social Networking Websites in the Development of the Self-Image

The usage of Social Networking Websites has become very popular in th e last few years. 'Talk to me! ', 'Tell your opinion about me! ', 'Wha t do you think about me? ', 'Comment', 'Like'… these are the most frequent messages of the virtual profile own ers. The present study investigates the effects of the positive photo comments on the self-image. We (Kopacz, Sass, Timar and Varga, 2009) compiled a questionnaire examining the self-image and sent it electronically to more than 1,000 Hungarian people from Roman ia (average age: 22.15) who owned a profile on the Hi5 Social Networking Website (www.hi5.com). Eventually we could process the data from 41 people. Our first hypothe sis was that positive comments have a positive effect on people's body image perception, it prove d to be false. The second hypothesis - women are more affected than men by the positive comments - proved to be valid. At last we compared men's and women's self-image, but we didn't find significant differences.
Cytotoxicity and antibiofilm activity of SiO2/cellulose derivative hybrid materials containing silver nanoparticles

Tsvetelina ANGELOVA, Nadezhda RANGELOVA, Veselina UZUNOVA, Nelly GEORGIEVA*, Tonya ANDREEVA, Albena MOMCHILOVA, Rumiana TZONEVA, Rudolf MÜLLER Department of Biotechnology, University of Chemical Technology and Metallurgy, Sofia, Bulgaria Department of Fundamentals of Chemical Technology, University of Chemical Technology and Metallurgy, Sofia, Bulgaria Institute of Biophysics and Biomedical Engineering, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Sofia, Bulgaria Institute of Technical Biocatalysis, Hamburg University of Technology, Hamburg, Germany