Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Teacher expectations: effects on dyadic interactions and self-concept in elementary age children.

Abstract The purpose of this study was to describe the effects of teacher expectations on specific teacher-student behaviors occurring during physical education instruction. The study further described the effects of teacher expectations on the development of the student's self-concept. Five elementary school teachers were asked to rate their students according to how they expected each to perform in terms of physical achievement. A total of 100 students, the highest 10 and the lowest 10, in each of the five classes, comprised the sample. All five teachers used in the study were experienced physical education teachers who had previous instructional experience with the children under observation. A dyadic version of Cheffers Adaptation of Flanders Interaction Analysis System was the observational tool used to identify the teacher-student behaviors. The Martinek-Zaichkowsky Self-Concept Scale for Children was used to determine whether there were self-concept differences between the two groups. The results o.
Magnetic Resonance Imaging Fusion by 3D Compactly Supported Shearlet Transform

T2* and Quantitative Susceptibility Mapping (QSM) Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) volume provide different type inner structure information of scanned organs. If they can be properly fused into one volume, the details of the organ can be more clearly revealed. In this paper, a 3D MRI volume fusion method based on 3D Compactly Supported Shearlet Transform (3D-CSST) and 3D Dual Tree Compactly Supported Shearlet Transform (3D-DT-CSST), is proposed, which can overcome the limitation, loss of inter layer correlative information, of conventional 2D image fusion methods. 3D-DT-CSST is our modification of 3D-CSST, which is approximate shift invariant. It can improve the performance of fusion method. The proposed method is evaluated by 4 groups of MRI volumes of human brains. The experiment suggests the proposed method has a better performance than conventional 2D wavelet, 2D DT-CWT and 3D wavelet, 3D DT-CWT based fusion methods, and 3D-DT-CSST based method is better than 3D-CSST based method. DOI : http://dx.doi. org/10.11591/telkomnika.v12i6. 4268
Research on Customer Equity Promotion Based on Four-Dimensional Measurement Model: Application on the Mobile Communication Field

The ultimate goal of customer equity measurement and management is to promote the firm's customer equity. The measurement model we illustrate can be used to determine the weight coefficients which show the influence degree of each sub- driver to the firm's customer equity. We apply this approach on the mobile communications firms and discuss the customer equity promotion strategies guided by the influence degree of each sub-driver, which is different from qualitative approach used in the literature on promotion of customer equity.
A healthy old age: realistic or futile goal?

# Older people need to be encouraged to exercise {#article-title-2} EDITOR—Four out of 10 people older than 50 are totally inactive, yet over half of sedentary people in this age group believe that they take part in enough physical activity to keep fit.1 Further paradoxes help explain this stark picture of low awareness and lost opportunity are highlighted by McMurdo.2 For the frailest older people, being sedentary is a greater risk than being active,3 but carers and professionals may encourage individual people to be less active. The minister for public health has called exercise the best buy in public health (Y Cooper, Royal College of Physicians, London, June 2000), yet exercise services have a history of minimal funding in the NHS, and leisure spending by local authorities mainly supports those already committed to exercise. Physical activity for younger people is a greater health policy priority, although programmes focusing on older people may be more effective. …
Predicting the topology of transmembrane helical proteins using mean burial propensity and a hidden‐Markov‐model‐based method

Helices in membrane spanning regions are more tightly packed than the helices in soluble proteins. Thus, we introduce a method that uses a simple scale of burial propensity and a new algorithm to predict transmembrane helical (TMH) segments and a positive‐inside rule to predict amino‐terminal orientation. The method (the topology predictor of transmembrane helical proteins using mean burial propensity [THUMBUP]) correctly predicted the topology of 55 of 73 proteins (or 75%) with known three‐dimensional structures (the 3D helix database). This level of accuracy can be reached by MEMSAT 1.8 (a 200‐parameter model‐recognition method) and a new HMM‐based method (a 111‐parameter hidden Markov model, UMDHMMTMHP) if they were retrained with the 73‐protein database. Thus, a method based on a physiochemical property can provide topology prediction as accurate as those methods based on more complicated statistical models and learning algorithms for the proteins with accurately known structures. Commonly used HMM‐based methods and MEMSAT 1.8 were trained with a combination of the partial 3D helix database and a 1D helix database of TMH proteins in which topology information were obtained by gene fusion and other experimental techniques. These methods provide a significantly poorer prediction for the topology of TMH proteins in the 3D helix database. This suggests that the 1D helix database, because of its inaccuracy, should be avoided as either a training or testing database. A Web server of THUMBUP and UMDHMMTMHP is established for academic users at http://www.smbs. buffalo.edu/phys_bio/service.htm. The 3D helix database is also available from the same Web site.
Mechanisms of chromosome number reduction in Arabidopsis thaliana and related Brassicaceae species.

Evolution of chromosome complements can be resolved by genome sequencing, comparative genetic mapping, and comparative chromosome painting. Previously, comparison of genetic maps and gene-based phylogenies suggested that the karyotypes of Arabidopsis thaliana (n = 5) and of related species with six or seven chromosome pairs were derived from an ancestral karyotype with eight chromosome pairs. To test this hypothesis, we applied multicolor chromosome painting using contiguous bacterial artificial chromosome pools of A. thaliana arranged according to the genetic maps of Arabidopsis lyrata and Capsella rubella (both n = 8) to A. thaliana, A. lyrata, Neslia paniculata, Turritis glabra, and Hornungia alpina. This approach allowed us to map the A. lyrata centromeres as a prerequisite to defining a putative ancestral karyotype (n = 8) and to elucidate the evolutionary mechanisms that shaped the karyotype of A. thaliana and its relatives. We conclude that chromosome "fusions" in A. thaliana resulted from (i) generation of acrocentric chromosomes by pericentric inversions, (ii) reciprocal translocation between two chromosomes (one or both acrocentric), and (iii) elimination of a minichromosome that arose in addition to the "fusion chromosome. " Comparative chromosome painting applied to N. paniculata (n = 7), T. glabra (n = 6), and H. alpina (n = 6), for which genetic maps are not available, revealed chromosomal colinearity between all species tested and allowed us to reconstruct the evolution of their chromosomes from a putative ancestral karyotype (n = 8). Although involving different ancestral chromosomes, chromosome number reduction followed similar routes as found within the genus Arabidopsis.
Does removal of aids/devices and help make a difference in the Childhood Health Assessment Questionnaire disability index?

Objective: To assess whether the removal of aids/devices and/or help from another person in the Childhood Health Assessment Questionnaire (C-HAQ) leads to a significant change in the disability index (DI) score and responsiveness in juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA). Methods: Changes in the C-HAQ DI score in a cross-sectional sample of 2663 children with JIA and in 530 active patients with JIA in a trial of methotrexate (MTX) were compared. Results: Patients in the MTX trial had higher disease activity and disability than the cross-sectional sample. The frequency of aids/devices (range 1.2–10.2%) was similar between the two samples, while help (range 5.3–38.1%) was more frequently used in the MTX group. Correlation between disease severity variables and the two different C-HAQ DI scoring methods did not change substantially. There was a decrease in the C-HAQ DI score for both the cross-sectional (mean score from 0.64 with the original method to 0.54 without aids/devices and help, p<0.0001) and the MTX sample (mean score from 1.23 to 1.07, p<0.0001). A linear regression analysis of the original C-HAQ DI score versus the score without aids/devices and help demonstrated the substantial overlap of the different scoring methods. Responsiveness in the responders to MTX treatment did not change with the different C-HAQ DI scoring methods (range 0.86–0.82). Conclusion: The removal of aids/devices and help from the C-HAQ does not alter the interpretation of disability at a group level. The simplified C-HAQ is a more feasible and valid alternative for the evaluation of disability in patients with JIA.
Endogenous Monetary Policy Regime Change [with Comments]

This paper makes changes in monetary policy rules (or regimes) endogenous. Changes are triggered when certain endogenous variables cross specified thresholds. Rational expectations equilibria are examined in three models of threshold switching to illustrate that (i) expectations formation effects generated by the possibility of regime change can be quantitatively important; (ii) symmetric shocks can have asymmetric effects; (iii) endogenous switching is a natural way to formally model preemptive policy actions. In a conventional calibrated model, preemptive policy shifts agents' expectations, enhancing the ability of policy to offset demand shocks; this yields a quantitatively significant "preemption dividend. "
The Cytokine Interleukin-1β Reduces the Docking and Fusion of Insulin Granules in Pancreatic β-Cells, Preferentially Decreasing the First Phase of Exocytosis*

The prediabetic period in type I diabetes mellitus is characterized by the loss of first phase insulin release. This might be due to islet infiltration mediated by mononuclear cells and local release of cytokines, but the mechanisms involved are unknown. To determine the role of cytokines in insulin exocytosis, we have presently utilized total internal reflection fluorescence microscopy (TIRFM) to image and analyze the dynamic motion of single insulin secretory granules near the plasma membrane in live β-cells exposed for 24 h to interleukin (IL)-1β or interferon (IFN)-γ. Immunohistochemistry observed via TIRFM showed that the number of docked insulin granules was decreased by 60% in β-cells treated with IL-1β, while it was not affected by exposure to IFN-γ. This effect of IL-1β was paralleled by a 50% reduction in the mRNA and the number of clusters of SNAP-25 in the plasma membrane. TIRF images of single insulin granule motion during a 15-min stimulation by 22 mm glucose in IL-1β-treated β-cells showed a marked reduction in the fusion events from previously docked granules during the first phase insulin release. Fusion from newcomers, however, was well preserved during the second phase of insulin release of IL-1β-treated β-cells. The present observations indicate that IL-1β, but not IFN-γ, has a preferential inhibitory effect on the first phase of glucose-induced insulin release, mostly via an action on previously docked granules. This suggests that β-cell exposure to immune mediators during the course of insulitis might be responsible for the loss of first phase insulin release.
Image Segmentation By Combining Wavelet Textural Analysis and Neural Networks

To develop a good evaluation of the classes present on a scene is one of the difficulties in pattern recognition. To suitably describe those classes it is necessary to find feature spaces, which allow distinguishing between them. In this work, we propose an unsupervised segmentation/classification technique based on wavelet textural analysis and self-organizing maps clustering.
Channel capacity estimation for MIMO systems with correlated noise

In this paper we determine the MIMO channel capacity in the presence of correlated noise. We employ a normalized noise correlation matrix in the channel capacity formula, in order to identify the noise correlation contribution to the MIMO subchannel decorrelation. Then, we analyze the thermal noise correlation due to mutual coupling. We calculate thermal noise correlation matrix in the multi-antenna system with closely spaced antenna by applying the Nyquist's thermal noise theorem. Simulation results shows that mean and outage MIMO channel capacity is underestimated if the noise correlation due to mutual coupling is not accounted for. We present results for cases when the transmitter does and does not know the channel realization
BLPA: Bayesian learn-predict-adjust method for online detection of recurrent changepoints

Online changepoint detection is an important task for machine learning in changing environments, as it signals when the learning model needs to be updated. Presence of noise that can be mistaken for real changes makes it difficult to develop an effective approach that would have a low false alarm rate and being able to detect all the changes with a minimal delay. In this paper we study how performance of popular Bayesian online detectors can be improved in case of recurrent changes. Modelling recurrence allows us to anticipate future changepoints and predict their locations in time. We propose an approach for inducing and integrating recurrence information in the streaming settings, and demonstrate its effectiveness on synthetic and real-world human activity datasets.
Spiralin polymorphism in strains of Spiroplasma citri is not due to differences in posttranslational palmitoylation

Spiralin is defined as the major membrane protein of the helical mollicute Spiroplasma citri. According to the S. citri strain used, spiralin shows polymorphism in its electrophoretic mobility. The spiralin gene sequences of eight S. citri strains were determined by direct sequencing of the PCR-amplified genes. All spiralins were found to be 241 amino acids long, except for the spiralin of strain Palmyre, which is 242 amino acids long. The molecular masses calculated from these sequences did not explain the differences observed in the electrophoretic mobilities. In all of the spiralins examined, the first 24 N-terminal amino acids were conserved, including a cysteine at position 24, and had the features of typical signal peptides of procaryotic lipoproteins. When S. citri strains were grown in the presence of [3H]palmitic acid, at least 10 proteins, including spiralin, became labeled. In the presence of globomycin, a lipoprotein signal peptidase inhibitor in eubacteria, apparently unprocessed spiralin could be detected. Formic acid hydrolysis of the [3H]palmitic acid-labeled spiralins of four representative S. citri strains yielded two peptide fragments for each spiralin, as expected from the gene sequence. On fragment was [3H]palmitic acid labeled, and it had almost the same electrophoretic mobility irrespective of the spiralins used. Samples of the unlabeled peptide fragments from the four representative strains had slightly different electrophoretic mobilities (delta Da approximately equal to 800 Da); however, these were much smaller than those of the whole spiralins before formic acid hydrolysis (delta Da approximately equal to 8,000 Da). These results suggest that spiralin polymorphism in S. citri is not due to differences in posttranslational modification by palmitic acid and is certainly a structural property of the whole protein or could result from an unidentified posttranslational modification of spiralin.
Hybrid Data Fusion for Correction of Sensor Drift Faults

Many fault detection algorithms deal with fault signatures that are manifested as step changes. While detection of these step changes can be difficult due to noise and other complicating factors, detecting slowly developing faults is usually even more complicated. Trade-offs between early detection and false positive avoidance are more difficult to establish. Often times, slow drift faults go completely undetected because the monitoring systems assume that they are ordinary system changes. To address this class of problems, we introduce here a set of algorithms that is customized to respond to drift problems of one of two redundant sensors by avoiding the bad sensor, thus indirectly recognizing the aberrant sensor. We utilize hybrid techniques that harness the advantages of learning and sensor validation techniques. Specifically, we employ a data fusion algorithm that is inspired by fuzzy principles. The parameters of this algorithm are learned using competing optimization approaches. Specifically, we compare the results from a particle swarm optimization approach with those obtained from genetic algorithms. Results are shown for an application in the transportation industry
Molecular Characterization of a Putative Arabidopsis thaliana Copper Transporter and Its Yeast Homologue (*)

At the molecular level, little is known about the transport of copper across plant membranes. We have isolated an Arabidopsis thaliana cDNA by complementation of a mutant (ctr1-3) of Saccharomyces cerevisiae defective in high affinity copper uptake. This cDNA codes for a highly hydrophobic protein (COPT1) of 169 amino acid residues and with three putative transmembrane domains. Most noteworthy, the first 44 residues display significant homology to the methionine- and histidine-rich copper binding domain of three bacterial copper binding proteins, among these a copper transporting ATPase. Mutant yeast cells expressing COPT1 exhibit nearly wild type behavior with regard to growth on a nonfermentable carbon source and resistance to copper and iron starvation. Expression of COPT1 is also associated with an increased sensitivity to copper toxicity. Additionally, COPT1 shows significant homology to an open reading frame of 189 amino acid residues on yeast chromosome VIII. This gene (CTR2) may encode an additional yeast metal transporter able to mediate the uptake of copper. A mutation in CTR2 displays a higher level of resistance to toxic copper concentrations. Overexpression of CTR2 provides increased resistance to copper starvation and is also associated with an increased sensitivity to copper toxicity. The amino acid sequence of CTR2, like Arabidopsis COPT1, contains three potential transmembrane domains. Taken together, the data suggest that a plant metal transporter, which is most likely involved in the transport of copper, has been identified.
Camera-assisted calibration of SCARA arms

Robot calibration is an effective and economical means for enhancing the accuracy performance of a robot manipulator through modification of its control software. This paper reports some research results by applying Lenz and Tsai's approach (1989) to calibrate a SCARA arm equipped with a hand-mounted camera. In order to measure robot poses, a new technique was employed to calibrate the camera at various robot configurations. The camera calibration technique is singularity free even when the image plane is nearly-parallel to the camera calibration board. Second, the modified complete and parametrically continuous (MCPC) model was used to describe the geometry of the SCARA arms because there is no model singularity in the MCPC model for this type of robots. Experimental studies were conducted to demonstrate the feasibility of the present approach for calibrating SCARA arms. Some practical recommendations are also made for robot users who need to calibrate SCARA arms.
Sex-related influences on the frequency and age of onset of primary dystonia

Article abstract We studied 957 cases of primary (idiopathic) dystonia and found a significant excess of female patients for segmental and focal dystonia. A novel observation was a significantly earlier age at onset in males as opposed to females for primary segmental (mean age, 44.6 versus 53.3) and focal dystonia (43.8 versus 47.8). This trend was also apparent in cervical dystonia, blepharospasm, and laryngeal dystonia. For writer’s cramp and focal limb dystonia, this trend was reversed with an earlier age at onset in females. These results suggest that focal dystonia should not be treated as an homogenous group, and sex-linked factors may play a role.
Clinical features of a new disease concept, IgG4-related thyroiditis

Objectives: Immunoglobulin (Ig)G4-related disease is a recently proposed systemic disorder that includes autoimmune pancreatitis (AIP), Mikulicz’s disease, and various other organ lesions. In the present retrospective study, we examined whether thyroid lesions should also be included in IgG4-related disease (Ig4-RD) under the new term IgG4-related thyroiditis. Method: We enrolled 114 patients with Ig4-RD, including 92 patients with AIP, 15 patients with Mikulicz’s disease, and seven patients with IgG4-related cholangitis, and analysed clinical findings, function, serum values of activity markers, computed tomography (CT) images, and histology of the thyroid gland. Results: Among the 22 patients (19%) in our cohort who were found to have hypothyroidism [thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) > 4 mIU/L], 11 patients had clinical hypothyroidism [free thyroxine (FT4) < 1 ng/dL] and 11 patients had subclinical hypothyroidism (FT4 ≥ 1 ng/dL). Serum concentrations of IgG, IgG4, circulating immune complex (CIC), and β2-microglobulin (β2-MG) were significantly higher in the hypothyroidism group compared with the remaining 92 euthyroid patients, and serum C3 concentration was significantly lower. After prednisolone treatment, TSH values had decreased significantly (p = 0.005) in this group and FT4 values had increased significantly (p = 0.047). CT images showed that the thyroid glands of patients with clinical hypothyroidism had a significantly greater volume than those of the euthyroid and other groups. Pathological analysis of one resected thyroid gland disclosed a focused lesion with infiltration of lymphocytes and IgG4-bearing plasma cells and loss of thyroid follicles. Conclusions: Thyroid lesions associated with hypothyroidism can be considered as a new disease termed IgG4-related thyroiditis. Awareness of this condition should lead to appropriate corticosteroid treatment that may prevent progression to a fibrous state.
Classification of normal and pathological aging processes based on brain MRI morphology measures

Reported studies describing normal and abnormal aging based on anatomical MRI analysis do not consider morphological brain changes, but only volumetric measures to distinguish among these processes. This work presents a classification scheme, based both on size and shape features extracted from brain volumes, to determine different aging stages: healthy control (HC) adults, mild cognitive impairment (MCI), and Alzheimer's disease (AD). Three support vector machines were optimized and validated for the pair-wise separation of these three classes, using selected features from a set of 3D discrete compactness measures and normalized volumes of several global and local anatomical structures. Our analysis show classification rates of up to 98.3% between HC and AD; of 85% between HC and MCI and of 93.3% for MCI and AD separation. These results outperform those reported in the literature and demonstrate the viability of the proposed morphological indexes to classify different aging stages.