Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Ultrastructural heterogeneity of human layer 4 excitatory synaptic boutons in the adult temporal lobe neocortex

Synapses are fundamental building blocks that control and modulate the ‘behavior’ of brain networks. How their structural composition, most notably their quantitative morphology underlies their computational properties remains rather unclear, particularly in humans. Here, excitatory synaptic boutons (SBs) in layer 4 (L4) of the temporal lobe neocortex (TLN) were quantitatively investigated. Biopsies from epilepsy surgery were used for fine-scale and tomographic electron microscopy to generate 3D-reconstructions of SBs. Particularly, the size of active zones (AZs) and of the three functionally defined pools of synaptic vesicles (SVs) were quantified. SBs were comparably small (∼2.50 μm2), with a single AZ (∼0.13 µm2) and preferentially established on spines. SBs had a total pool of ∼1800SVs with strikingly large readily releasable (∼ 20), recycling (∼ 80) and resting pools (∼850). Thus, human L4 SBs may act as ‘amplifiers’ of signals from the sensory periphery and integrate, synchronize and modulate intra- and extra-cortical synaptic activity.
Operational antecedents and achieving preferred customership for improved information sharing and supplier involvement in new product introduction at Benchmark Electronics

The purpose of this research is twofold. First, it aims to identify relevant antecedents of information sharing and early supplier involvement for a case-company in The Netherlands. It uses the social exchange theory as a framework to explain how these antecedents relate to either information sharing and/or early supplier involvement. Second, it makes an attempt to contribute to an already established framework on preferred customer status, supplier satisfaction, and customer attractiveness. By including information sharing in this model further insights can be gathered on the relationship between supplier satisfaction or customer attractiveness contributes and information sharing. This study applies a mixed-methods approach: it starts with an extensive review of the literature in which antecedents for both information sharing and early supplier involvement were identified. Hereafter the processes of the purchasing department of the case-company were analysed based on which an initial advice was established. Lastly, a quantitative questionnaire was send to the suppliers of the case company including questions on preferred customer status, the SET variables, and information sharing. The results were analysed using a multivariate statistical method: SEM-PLS. The results of show shared norms have a positive direct effect on information sharing. Furthermore it shows information sharing has a positive effect on customer attractiveness. As a part of this research a previous model on supplier satisfaction is replicated wherein information is included as additional variable. In this model information sharing directly influences relational behaviour, and so, indirectly influences supplier satisfaction.
WATER AND LIGHT STRESSES DRIVE ACCLIMATION DURING THE ESTABLISHMENT OF A TIMBER TREE UNDER DIFFERENT INTENSITIES OF RAINFOREST CANOPY COVERAGE

The loss of structure, diversity and functions in the rainforests makes it necessary to develop active strategies to restore their economic and ecological values. Planting selected species can help to catalyze ecosystem restoration. The capacity of the plants to survive and grow in the rainforests, where the canopy coverage changes stochastically, is associated with the intrinsic requirements of the species and their phenotypic plasticity. We used a mid-succession subtropical tree (Cabralea canjerana) to describe the morphological and physiological changes in plant acclimation to full sun and under a closed canopy, and to evaluate the establishment of this species under different intensity of canopy coverage in the rainforest. Traits related with light and water use were analyzed to identify if plants were suffering light or water stresses. Plants changed several morphological and physiological traits related with water and light use, to acclimate to different coverings. Water deficit stress drove acclimation under full sun while the stress by excess of light was irrelevant. However low light availability limited growth under the closed forest canopy. Consistently, the better growth and physiological performance were observed in the center of the gaps. The capacity of this species to acclimate both to high and low coverage and to survive makes it appropriate for enrichment programs in tropical and subtropical rainforests. The evaluation of morpho-physiological traits, even in a pot experiment, is useful to know the capacity of the species to survive and grow in different environments in the rainforest. v.25 n.1 2019 WATER AND LIGHT STRESSES DRIVE ACCLIMATION DURING THE ESTABLISHMENT OF A TIMBER TREE UNDER DIFFERENT INTENSITIES OF RAINFOREST CANOPY COVERAGE
Development, Implementation, and Characterization of a 64-Element Dual-Polarized Phased-Array Antenna Module for 28-GHz High-Speed Data Communications

Silicon-based millimeter-wave (mm-wave) phased-array technologies are enabling directional wireless data communications at Gb/s speeds. In this paper, we review and discuss the challenges of implementing a multichip phased-array antenna module for mm-wave applications using organic buildup substrate technology. A prototype test vehicle has been fabricated and studied to evaluate the antenna and interconnect performance, dielectric properties, package substrate warpage conditions at different temperatures, chip- and board-level joint process reliability, and thermal management feasibility for cooling. Based on the learning from the test vehicle, an organic-based multilayered phased-array antenna package for 28-GHz mm-wave radio access applications is implemented. The package incorporates 64 dual-polarized antenna elements and features an air cavity common to all antennas. Direct probing measurements on a single-antenna element of the package show over 3 GHz of bandwidth and 3-dBi gain at 28 GHz. A phased-array transceiver module has been developed with the package; the module includes four SiGe BiCMOS ICs attached using flip-chip assembly. Module-level measurements in the TX mode show a 35-dB near-ideal output power increase for 64-element power combining; 64-element radiation pattern measurements are reported with a steering range of ± 50° without tapering in off-boresight directions, and 64-element radiation pattern measurements with tapering show achievement of a sidelobe level lower than −20 dB. The transceiver modules achieved 20.64-Gb/s throughput with 256 QAM and 800-MHz bandwidth in direct over-the-air link measurement results.
Advances in Image Segmentation: Variational Approaches and Deep Learning

In this paper, we will survey the advances in the field of image segmentation, an essential task for understanding images. Especially, we focus on the variational methods. Earlier methods were developed in the name of the edge-based approach with which we will begin our discussion. Then, we will look into models from the region-based approach that emerged to overcome disadvantages of the edgebased approach such as not working well with noisy image and image with multiple objects. The models belonging to each approach will be demonstrated with the implementation results. In recent years, machine learning with the development of deep learning has drawn incredible attention from the image processing community due to its superiority over the conventional methods. Since image segmentation is one of the applications that deep learning technique can perform better than conventional state-of-the-art models, a few important deep learning models will be introduced in detail in comparison with the previously discussed models from the edge-based and the region-based approaches. Then, we will show the practical results of the most recently developed model among the models we explained.
EFFORTS TO IMPROVE STUDENTS’ MATHEMATICAL PROBLEM SOLVING ABILITY THROUGH CONTEXTUAL TEACHING AND LEARNING AT SMP NEGERI 1 BINJAI

ABSTRACT The purpose of this research was to know whether contextual teaching and learning (CTL) approach could improve students’ mathematical problem solving ability (SMPSA) in eighth grade of SMP Negeri 1 Binjai. The type of this research was Classroom Action Research. The subject of this research was students in class VIII-9 which consisted of 20 students. The object was SMPSA on cube and cuboid topic in eighth grade of SMP Negeri 1 Binjai Academic Year 2015/2016.This study consisted of two cycles. Each cycle had two meetings. SMPSA was tested in the end of cycle. Instrument used to collect data in this research were test and observation sheet. After giving a treatment to students, in the first cycle, the average score of their mathematical problem solving ability was 2.30. Ten of 20 students (50%) obtained score ³ 2.67. The average score of teacher’s activities in observation sheet was 2.66, which classified as good category. The average score of students’ activities in observation sheet was 2.55, which classified as good category. In the second cycle, the average score of mathematical problem solving ability was increased became 3.05 with 18 students (90%) obtained score ³ 2.67. The average score of teacher’s activities in observation sheet was 3.44, which classified as very good category. The average score of students’ activities in observation sheet was 3.22, which classified as very good category. From the result of research, it can be concluded that the implementation of contextual teaching and learning (CTL) approach can improve students’ problem solving ability. The suggestion that given for teachers is to be able to implement contextual teaching and learning (CTL) approach as an alternative in learning process that can improve problem solving ability. Keywords : Contextual Learning, Mathematical Problem solving Ability
Implementação de políticas educacionais: elementos para o debate e contribuições para o campo

Embora a produção acadêmica sobre implementação de políticas públicas ainda seja incipiente, se comparada à literatura sobre agenda, formulação e avaliação, esta etapa é tida como central neste trabalho, dado seu importante papel no alcance dos resultados esperados. Este artigo busca sistematizar referências sobre implementação de políticas públicas em geral com destaque para o campo educacional. Para tanto, a temática da implementação de políticas públicas é, situada no campo, de acordo com a literatura, enfocando o papel dos diferentes agentes de implementação. Em seguida, alguns modelos de análises são descritos, com destaque para o modelo que Michael Fullan desenvolve para a análise de implementação de políticas educacionais. A revisão da literatura evidenciou a necessidade de ampliação de estudos sobre esta fase da política pública, em especial no campo educacional.
Exploring Parents Satisfaction with Collaborative Services Offered by a County Human Service Agency and School District

EXPLORING PARENTS SATISF ACTION WITH COLLABORATIVE SERVICES OFFERED BY A COUNTY HUMAN SERVICE AGENCY AND SCHOOL DISTRICT TRACY SOPIWNIK May 15, 1997 Collaborative services provide a model of prevention and early intervention. These services are comprehensive, accessible and consumer driven. The purpose of this study was to obtain parents' perceptions of the experience with a collaborative program composed of a rural central Minnesota school district and a neighboring human service agency. This exploratory study uses both qualitative and quantitative information. A survey of a sample of parents asked them to rate how accessible were the services provided through the collaborative and how satisfied they were with these services. The questionnaire focused on the type of in-home counseling services received, the helpfulness of those services, the relationship with the county social worker and the inhome counselor. The anonymous questionnaire was be mailed to seventeen families, one copy for each parent/caregiver (total 24). These families participated in Collaborative services at one school district during the 1995-96 school year. The findings indicate that 92o/o of the respondents agreed that the collaborative services were accessible. Ninetytwo percent of the respondents said that the relationship with their child improved as a result of the in-home services. Eighty-four percent of respondents said they would feel comfortable accessing county services again. Implications for practice, policy and future research are discussed.
Complexity estimates for triangular hierarchical matrix algorithms

Triangular factorizations are an important tool for solving integral equations and partial differential equations with hierarchical matrices ($\mathcal{H}$-matrices). Experiments show that using an $\mathcal{H}$-matrix LR factorization to solve a system of linear questions is superior to direct inversion both with respect to accuracy and efficiency, but so far theoretical estimates quantifying these advantages were missing. Due to a lack of symmetry in $\mathcal{H}$-matrix algorithms, we cannot hope to prove that the LR factorization takes one third of the operations of the inversion or the matrix multiplication, as in standard linear algebra. We can, however, prove that the LR factorization together with two other operations of similar complexity, i.e., the inversion and multiplication of triangular matrices, requires not more operations than the matrix multiplication. We can complete the estimates by proving an improved upper bound for the complexity of the matrix multiplication, designed for recently introduced variants of classical $\mathcal{H}$-matrices.
Supermagnatic Iron Oxide Nanoparticles Toxicity to Mammalian Cells

The present study investigates developing superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPION) as controlled release anticancer agents. SPIONs were synthesized (NP1, NP2, NP3) and large crystal growth particles (NP3, 50 nm) were loaded with anticancer drug, doxorubicin (NP4). Drug release assay from NP4 revealed 44% drug release in 24 h with no further release up to 96 h. The nanoparticles were tested for their toxicity to human cells, HEp-2 using MTT assay. HEp-2 cells, showed 90% viability upto 250 µg/ml nanoparticles concentration. Both bare and drug loaded nanoparticles were then tested for their efficacy to kill mouse mammary tumor 4T1 cells. NP4 were able to kill 50% 4T1 cells at 75 µg /ml whereas NP3 caused 50% cell death at 150 µg/ml concentration. Our results indicate SPIONs to be a good drug delivery agent against cancer cells with low toxicity towards normal healthy cells.
Potassium Synergize the Positive Effect of Ascorbic Acid on some Morpho-physiological Parameters of Salt Stressed Faba Bean Cultivars

THIS WORK was undertaken to evaluate the effect of ascorbic acid (AsA) and potassium (K) on some morpho-physiological parameters of two Vicia faba L cultivars (Giza 843 and Giza 716) grown in nutrient solutions containing different concentrations of NaCl (50, 100 and 150mM NaCl) and K (5, 10 and 15mM) for two weeks. In general, under saline conditions, significant reduction in plant biomass and chlorophylls was detected. Seed presoaking in AsA solution resulted in massive increase in growth parameters and chlorophyll contents in both genotypes of stressed and non-stressed plants, but it depended on K concentration, 15mM K was the best. The positive effect of AsA on growth of salt stressed plants was not manifested when K concentration was low (5mM). In both genotypes, carbohydrate and protein contents increased as NaCl increased. Further significant-increase in their contents was detected when seeds were soaked in AsA and plants were cultured under salt stress; it depended on K concentration in the nutrient solution, 15mM K was the best. This type of synergizing between AsA and K on carbohydrate and protein contents was absent under low concentration of K. Sodium increased but K, Mg and Ca contents decreased in both cultivars under salt stress especially when K concentration was low (5mM). Under stressed or unstressed conditions, significant decrease in Na but significant increase in K, Ca and Mg contents due to AsA was detected and it was proportional to K concentration, 15mM K was the best.
Pregledni Članci Reviews Trijas Sportašica the Female Athlete Triad

Prepoznajući pozitivne strane redovite tjelesne aktivnosti, Američko društvo za sportsku medicinu (ACSM) potiče djevojke i žene da se uključe u razne sportske aktivnosti radi očuvanja i unaprjeđenja zdravlja. No, 1992. godine u sportovima koje naglašavaju vitku građu tijela prepoznat je skup međusobno povezanih kliničkih entiteta uključujući amenoreju, poremećaj hranjenja i osteoporozu koji je kasnije definiran kao trijas sportašica. Iako postoji puno radova na temu trijasa sportašica, relativno je malen broj članaka koji donose rezultate u svjetlu novih stajališta o pojedinim dijelovima trijasa sportašica. Upravo je zato cilj ovog rada iznijeti nove smjerniceAmeričkog društva za sportsku medicinu i Međunarodnog društva za kliničku denzitometriju (ISCD) kojima je revidiran pojam trijasa sportašica. Trenutno poimanje trijasa sportašica predstavlja međusobno povezane pojmove raspoložive energije, menstruacijskog ciklusa i mineralne gustoće kostiju koji se klinički manifestiraju od blažih poremećaja do izrazito teških stanja kao što su poremećaji hranjenja, amenoreja i osteoporoza. Kao glavni pokretač Trijasa smatra se nepravilna prilagodba prehrambenih navika u ovisnosti o trajanju i intenzitetu tjelesne aktivnosti ne samo kod sportašica nego i kod osoba koje se rekreativno bave sportom. U ovom članku donosimo pregled epidemiologije, kliničke slike te metoda dijagnosticiranja i mogućnosti liječenja trijasa sportašica kao i njegovih pojedinih komponenti. Posebno se razmatra i mogućnost postojanja sličnih poremećaja kod muškaraca.
The Urgency of Global Economic Reform

We have entered a new age of provocative domestic reforms proposed by Democatic presidential hopefuls. But this author argues it is not enough. The global economic system, he argues, must be reformed because it has imposed an austerity regime on the rich world, which will prevent bold new domestic social programs from being passed.
The Interplay of Inter- and Intraprofessional Boundary Work in Multidisciplinary Teams

The challenges of managing interprofessional boundaries within multidisciplinary teams are well known. However, the role of intraprofessional relations in influencing the dynamics of interprofessional collaboration remain underexplored. Our qualitative study offers a fine-grained analysis of the interplay between inter- and intraprofessional boundary work among three professional groups in a multidisciplinary team over a period of two years. Our contribution to the literature is threefold. First, we identify various forms of “competitive” and “collaborative” boundary work that may occur simultaneously at both inter- and intraprofessional levels. Second, we reveal the dynamic interplay between inter- and intraprofessional boundary negotiations over time. Third, we theorize relationships between the social position of professional groups, and the uses and consequences of competitive and collaborative boundary work tactics at intra- and interprofessional levels. Specifically, we show how intraprofessional conflict within high-status groups may affect interprofessional dynamics, we reveal how intraprofessional and interprofessional boundaries may be mobilized positively to support collaborative relations, and we show how mobilization within lower-status groups around interprofessional boundary grievances can paradoxically lead to further marginalization.
Internal surface condensation risk in façades of Spanish social dwellings

ABSTRACT The poor maintenance of social dwellings causes the possible building deficiencies to be significantly increased, especially when most of these dwellings have been built before any thermal standard and without considering the effect of climate change. Façades are one of the building elements which are most degraded by the contact with the exterior, and surface condensation is the most common cause. This study applies the calculation of surface condensation from ISO 13788 to a representative case of social dwelling in Spain for all climate zones, both in the current and 2050 scenarios. Risks of corrosion, mould formation, and surface condensation were studied in nine different points of the façade, which were validated by in-situ measurements. The results determined that there was a greater risk of condensation or mould depending on the climate zone, and thermal resistance significantly influenced data variation in future scenarios. The results also showed that an adequate ventilation generally decreased risks, removing the risk of mould and surface condensation by 2050. To predict the results obtained, a model based on artificial neural networks was generated, and it could also be used to estimate risks in the future.
Influence of timing of initiation of therapeutic hypothermia on brain MRI and neurodevelopment at 18 months in infants with HIE: a retrospective cohort study

Objective To examine the influence of timing of initiation of therapeutic hypothermia (TH) on brain injury on MRI and on neurodevelopmental outcomes at 18 months. Design Retrospective cohort study. Setting Tertiary neonatal intensive care unit in Ontario, Canada. Patients Ninety-one patients with hypoxic ischaemic encephalopathy (HIE) were included, 54 in the early TH group and 37 in the late TH group. Intervention Whole-body hypothermia administered for 72 hours, initiated either before 3 hours of life (early TH) or between 3 and 6 hours of life (late TH). Main outcome measures Brain injury on MRI after TH (assessed by two neuroradiologists), and neurodevelopmental outcomes at 18 months old. Results TH was initiated at a median time of 1.4 hours (early TH) and 4.4 hours (late TH). Sixty-four neonates (early TH=36, late TH=28) survived and completed neurodevelopmental assessment at 18 months. Neonates in the early TH group received more extensive resuscitation than neonates in the late TH group (p=0.0008). No difference was observed between the two groups in the pattern or severity of brain injury on MRI, or in the neurodevelopmental outcomes at 18 months. The non-survivors (n=16) had lower Apgar scores at 10 min, more extensive resuscitation, suffered from more severe HIE and had significantly more abnormal cerebral function monitoring. Conclusion In this retrospective cohort study, TH initiated early was associated neither with a difference in brain injury on MRI nor better neurodevelopmental outcomes at 18 months.