Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Setting standards for preventative services to reduce child health inequalities in Greater Manchester

Recent policy documents such as Every Child Matters and the National Service Framework for Children, Young People and Maternity Services have indicated a fundamental shift in ways of thinking about child health, emphasising the crucial role of preventative action as well as treatment for ensuring that children have the best possible chance to reach their full potential. This is paramount in deprived areas, where child poverty translates itself into social disadvantage that affects the life chances of children from birth onwards. Whilst the NHS cannot tackle the fundamental drivers of child poverty, it can make a substantial contribution to improving the health and life chances of children living in deprived areas through making sure that parents have access to the services they need and have the information and support to make the best choices about the health and development of their children. The World Health Organisation (WHO) in its strategy on equity in health states that disparities in health status between different groups in the population should be reduced by improving the health of the disadvantaged. Hence, the National Service Framework for Children, Young People and Maternity Services set down 11 standards that define, in general terms, the aims and objectives of services for all children (standards 1-5), services for particular groups of children and young people (standards 6-10) and maternity services (standard 11). These standards underpin a more generic health inequalities target that sets the goal of a reduction of at least 10% in the gap in infant mortality between manual groups and the population as a whole in 2010.
Engine of Change or One Force Among Many? Section 1115 Demonstration Projects and Trends in Medicaid Expenditures

Describes trends in expenditures on medical benefits and on program administration in the five study states and compares them to those in the nation as a whole. Notes that there is no clear evidence that the demonstrations had a dramatic impact on expenditures in any of the states. Expenditures on medical benefits are more closely linked to changes in enrollment. State-specific program factors appear to have had a greater influence than the general introduction of managed care on administrative expenditures.
Construction et évaluation pour la TA d'un corpus journalistique bilingue: application au français-somali. (Building and evaluating for MT a bilingual corpus: Application ton French-Somali)

Dans le cadre des travaux en cours pour informatiser un grand nombre de langues « peu dotees », en particulier celles de l’espace francophone, nous avons cree un systeme de traduction automatique francais-somali dedie a un sous-langage journalistique, permettant d’obtenir des traductions de qualite, a partir d’un corpus bilingue construit par post-edition des resultats de Google Translate (GT), a destination des populations somalophones et non francophones de la Corne de l’Afrique. Pour cela, nous avons constitue le tout premier corpus parallele francais-somali de qualite, comprenant a ce jour 98 912 mots (environ 400 pages standard) et 10 669 segments. Ce dernier constitue’est un corpus aligne, et de tres bonne qualite, car nous l’avons construit en post-editant les pre-traductions de GT, qui combine pour cela avec une combinaison de lason systeme de TA francais-anglais et systeme de TA anglais-somali. Il Ce corpus a egalement fait l’objet d’une evaluation de la part depar 9 annotateurs bilingues qui ont donne une note score de qualite a chaque segment du corpus, et corrige eventuellement notre post-edition. A partir de ce corpus, en croissance, nous avons construit plusieurs versions successives d’un systeme de Traduction Automatique a base de fragments (PBMT), MosesLIG-fr-so, qui s’est revele meilleur que GoogleTranslate GT sur ce couple de langues et ce sous-langage, en termes de mesure BLEU et du temps de post-edition. Nous avons fait egalement une premiere experience de traduction automatique neuronale francais-somali en utilisant OpenNMT, de facon a ameliorer les resultats de la TA sans aboutir a des temps de calcul prohibitifs, tant durant l’entrainement que durant le decodage.D’autre part, nous avons mis en place une iMAG (passerelle interactive d’acces multilingue) qui permet a des internautes somaliens non francophones du continent d’acceder en somali a l’edition en ligne du journal « La Nation de Djibouti ». Les segments (phrases ou titres) pretraduits automatiquement par notre un systeme de TA fr-so en ligne disponible peuvent etre post-edites et notes (sur sur une echelle de 1 a 20) par les lecteurs eux-memes, de facon a ameliorer le systeme par apprentissage incremental, de la meme facon que ce qui a ete fait pour le systeme francais-chinois (PBMT) cree par [Wang, 2015].
Les nodules pulmonaires de types verre dépoli et mixte : une nouvelle sémiologie tomodensitométrique de l'adénocarcinome pulmonaire

Recemment, une nouvelle semiologie tomodensitometrique des adenocarcinomes pulmonaires a ete mise au jour. L'etude des opacites nodulaires de type verre depoli et des nodules mixtes a etabli la relation entre ces images radiologiques et les differentes formes anatomopathologiques de l'adenocarcinome pulmonaire. Il en ressort que les lesions nodulaires de verre depoli peuvent correspondre a des lesions precancereuses et que certaines caracteristiques morphologiques des nodules sont en correlation avec leur pronostic. La presence de spiculation, de retraction pleurale et de bronchogramme aerique est significativement plus importante dans les lesions neoplasiques. D'autre part, l'existence ou l'apparition d'une composante solide au sein du nodule ou encore la presence d'indentation est fortement suspecte d'un adenocarcinome. Une lesion inferieure a 20 mm et persistant apres 1 mois doit, soit faire l'objet d'un suivi, soit etre enlevee par une resection chirurgicale limitee. Toutes les lesions superieures a 20 mm ou associees a une composante solide preponderante doivent etre traitees classiquement par chirurgie.
Supplementation strategy and its impact on hematological status in the control of anemia of pregnancy in Senegal

Title of Document: SUPPLEMENTATION STRATEGY AND ITS IMPACT ON HEMATOLOGICAL STATUS IN THE CONTROL OF ANEMIA OF PREGANCY IN SENEGAL Binetou Cheikh Seck Directed By: Dr. Robert T. Jackson Department of Nutrition and Food Science Anemia of pregnancy remains highly prevalent in Senegal despite the national iron/folic acid (IFA) supplementation program, which consists of providing prescriptions to purchase IFA to women during prenatal visits. The purpose of this study was to provide a framework for recommendations to improve the effectiveness of the program. We determined the prevalence and risk factors of anemia in a cohort of 480 pregnant women at 6 prenatal health centers in Dakar; we compared compliance after 20 weeks of supplementation between women who received prescriptions at 3 control centers and those who received free IFA at 3 intervention centers; and we assessed the factors that influenced high and low compliance in both groups. Overall, 39% of women were anemic and 71% were iron deficient (ID). Twelve percent were infected with P. falciparum; 21% had intestinal helminthes, and 6.5% had Hb AS. Women consumed foods containing iron absorption inhibitors at high frequency. ID > quadrupled the risk of anemia; malaria and Hb AS also significantly increased the risk for anemia. Compliance was 48% and 86% in the control and intervention groups, respectively (P<.001). Anemia prevalence was 62% among controls versus 31% among interventions (P<.01); ID prevalence was 84% and 57% in the control and intervention groups, respectively (P<.01). Women with high compliance were motivated by 1) the perception of improved health upon taking the tablets, 2) the insistence by midwives that they take them, and 3) the mention that the tablets would improve health. Women with low compliance indicated 1) experiencing side effects that they associated with the tablets, 2) misunderstanding that they needed to continue taking the tablets throughout pregnancy, and 3) forgetfulness. Our findings indicate that for effective control of anemia in Senegal, iron supplementation is needed in addition to educating women about better food choices. Antimalarial chemoprophylaxis and helminthes screening should be made available to all women. In addition, increasing access to IFA and educating women about the health benefits of the tablets can dramatically increase compliance and therefore improve iron status and decrease the incidence of anemia. SUPPLEMENTATION STRATEGY AND ITS IMPACT ON HEMATOLOGICAL STATUS IN THE CONTROL OF ANEMIA OF PREGANCY IN SENEGAL
El meu fill té autisme, i ara què? Anàlisi de les necessitats de les famílies amb nens amb autisme durant el procés d’avaluació diagnòstica a Catalunya. Disseny d’un programa d’acollida i suport per a famílies

Diversos estudios demuestran que la prevalencia de los Trastornos del Espectro Autista (TEA) aumenta de manera preocupante, llegando en la actualidad a 1 de cada 68 personas. El enfoque mas eficaz para mejorar la vida de estas personas es el apoyo y empoderamiento de la familia des del primer momento, cuando se descubre el trastorno. El investigador ha reunido y comparado los pocos modelos de apoyo postdiagnosticos publicos existentes y ha entrevistado a 30 familias de ninos con TEA para entender sus necesidades, tanto durante como despues del diagnostico en Catalunya. Como resultado del analisis de estos programas ya existentes en otros paises y conociendo las necesidades especificas de las familias en Catalunya, el autor ha creado un programa de acogida e intervencion para afrontar el reto del autismo con mas eficacia.
Chromosome Abnormalities in Neonates with Congenital Heart Defects

Congenital heart disease (CHD) contributes to the rate of birth defects in the population with an incidence of nearly 1% of all live births (1). CHD has significant Public Health importance due to its high incidence, clinical severity, and complexity of medical management. In some cases, efficiently diagnosing the underlying cause of CHD is essential to providing optimal clinical care. The etiology of CHD is hypothesized to be largely multifactorial in nature, but chromosome abnormalities account for 8-13% of all CHD (2, 3). It has recently been recognized that submicroscopic chromosome abnormalities known as copy number variants (CNVs) may also play a role in causing CHD. Array comparative genomic hybridization (array CGH) has recently been added as a first-tier test for neonates with CHD at our institution, due to its ability to detect CNVs which were previously undetectable by classical cytogenetic analysis. Our study is a prospective chart review of data from neonates with CHD admitted to the Cardiac Intensive Care Unit at Children’s Hospital of Pittsburgh of UPMC. The purpose of this study was to assess the clinical efficacy of array CGH as a first-tier test in this population. Our results show that array CGH increases the detection rate of chromosome aberrations by 20% above classical cytogenetic analysis alone. However, the majority of CNVs detected in our study had unclear clinical significance. For this reason, collaboration between Cardiology and Medical Genetics is essential to interpreting the clinical relevance of array CGH results in order to provide an accurate, timely genetic diagnosis and ultimately improve the clinical care of neonates with CHD.
Raffinement de la localisation d’images provenant de sites participatifs pour la mise à jour de SIG urbain

Les villes sont des zones actives : tous les jours de nouvelles constructions ont lieu, des immeubles sont demolis ou des locaux commerciaux changent d'enseigne. Les gestionnaires des Systemes d'information geographique de la ville ont pour but de mettre le plus a jour possible leurs modeles numeriques de la ville. Ces modeles peuvent se composer de cartes en 2D mais aussi de modeles en 3D qui peuvent provenir d'une reconstruction a partir d'images. Ces dernieres peuvent avoir ete prises depuis le ciel comme depuis le sol. La cartographie participative, comme le permet la plateforme "OpenStreetMap.org", a emerge pour mettre a disposition de tous l'information geographique et maintenir les cartes 2D a jour par les utilisateurs de la plateforme. Dans le but d'ameliorer le processus de mise a jour et suivant le meme esprit que les approches participatives, nous proposons d'utiliser les plateformes de partage de photos comme "Flickr", "Twitter", etc. Les images telechargees sur ces plates-formes possedent une localisation imprecise de l'image sans information sur l'orientation de la photographie. Nous proposons alors un systeme qui aide a trouver une meilleure localisation et retrouve une information d'orientation de la photographie. Le systeme utilise les informations visuelles de l'image ainsi que les informations semantiques. Pour cela nous presentons une chaine de traitement automatisee composee de trois couches : la couche d'extraction et de pre-traitement des donnees, la couche d'extraction et de traitement des primitives, la couche de prise de decision. Nous presentons ensuite les resultats de l'ensemble de ce systeme que nous appelons "Data Gathering system for image Pose Estimation"(DGPE). Nous presentons aussi dans cette these une methode que nous avons appelee "Segments Based Building Detection"(SBBD) pour la detection d'immeubles simples. Nous avons aussi teste cette methode sous diverses conditions de prise de vue (occultations, variations climatiques, etc.). Nous comparons cette methode de detection a une autre methode de l'etat de l'art en utilisant plusieurs bases d'images.
The Study of Professional Nurses’Competence and Aattitude toward NANDA Nursing Diagnosis in Hospital, Bangkok Metropolitan Administration

This descriptive research aimed to study professional nurses’competence and attitude toward NANDA nursing diagnosis (NND). Professional nurses (registered nurses; RNs) who were under Medical Department, Bangkok Metropolitan Administration (MDBMA). Those were categorized according to trained programs and working experiences. Under quota-sampling, 350 RNs in 9 MDBMA’ hospitals were selected. Data were collected by using Likert’s scale questionnaires on attitude and open ended questionnaires on nursing competence under nursing situations. Obtained data were analyzed by using percentage, mean, standard deviation and t-test. These were the results:- RNs’ competence toward NND was at high level whereas their attitude was at moderate level. Trained RNs’competence toward NND was higher than untrained RNs with statistical significance (p .05). RNs with under-ten-year experience had more positive attitude on NND than RNs with over-ten-year experience with statistical significance (p< .05). These results indicated that there should be continuously training program on nursing diagnosis, especially for novice nurses and under ten year graduated nurses the outcomes of the program should be understand and communicate the best practice model on nursing diagnosis, build up positive attitude on NND toward nursing diagnosis and publish the nursing textbooks, NND guidline and database of nursing diagnosis.
Résection endoscopique de l'endomètre pour le traitement des hémorragies utérines fonctionnelles : Traitement des hémorragies fonctionnelles de la quarantaine

La Lettre du Gynécologue n° 281 avril 2003 impact des troubles hémorragiques fonctionnels du cycle menstruel sur le bien-être social, économique et psychologique est l’un des problèmes majeurs de la période périménopausique. On estime que la prévalence est proche de 25 % en période de reproduction. Cinq à 20 % des femmes entre 30 et 49 ans consultent pour un problème de pertes sanguines excessives et 10 % des consultations gynécologiques spécialisées sont liées à ce problème (1-3).
Impaired Myocardial Fatty Acid Oxidation and Reduced Protein Expression of Retinoid X Receptor-alpha in Pacing-Induced Heart Failure

Background —The nuclear receptors peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor- (cid:1) (PPAR (cid:1) ) and retinoid X receptor (cid:1) (RXR (cid:1) ) stimulate the expression of key enzymes of free fatty acid (FFA) oxidation. We tested the hypothesis that the altered metabolic phenotype of the failing heart involves changes in the protein expression of PPAR (cid:1) and RXR (cid:1) . Methods and Results —Cardiac substrate uptake and oxidation were measured in 8 conscious, chronically instrumented dogs with decompensated pacing-induced heart failure and in 8 normal dogs by infusing 3 isotopically labeled substrates: 3 H-oleate, 14 C-glucose, and 13 C-lactate. Although myocardial O 2 consumption was not different between the 2 groups, the rate of oxidation of FFA was lower (2.8 (cid:1) 0.6 versus 4.7 (cid:1) 0.3 (cid:2) mol · min (cid:2) 1 · 100g (cid:2) 1 ) and of glucose was higher (4.6 (cid:1) 1.0 versus 1.8 (cid:1) 0.5 (cid:2) mol · min (cid:2) 1 · 100g (cid:2) 1 ) in failing compared with normal hearts ( P (cid:3) 0.05). The rates of lactate uptake and lactate output were not significantly different between the 2 groups. In left ventricular tissue from failing hearts, the activity of 2 key enzymes of FFA oxidation was significantly reduced: carnitine palmitoyl transferase-I (0.54 (cid:1) 0.04 versus 0.66 (cid:1) 0.04 (cid:2) mol · min (cid:2) 1 · g (cid:2) 1 ) and medium chain acyl-coenzyme A dehydrogenase (MCAD; 1.8 (cid:1) 0.1 versus 2.9 (cid:1) 0.3 (cid:2) mol · min (cid:2) 1 · g (cid:2) 1 ). Consistently, the protein expression of MCAD and of RXR (cid:1) were significantly reduced by 38% in failing hearts, but the expression of PPAR (cid:1) was not different. Moreover, there were significant correlations between the expression of RXR (cid:1) and the expression and activity of MCAD. Conclusions —Our results provide the first evidence for a link between the reduced expression of RXR (cid:1) and the switch in metabolic phenotype in severe heart failure. ( Circulation . 2002;106:606-612.)
WHO classification of tumours of female reproductive organs

WHO Classification of Tumours of Female Reproductive Organs is the sixth volume in the 4th Edition of the WHO series on histological and genetic typing of human tumours. This authoritative, concise reference book provides an international standard for oncologists and pathologists and will serve as an indispensable guide for use in the design of studies monitoring response to therapy and clinical outcome.
Effect of a Blend of Protein Foods on the Nutritional Status of Pre-School Children in a Rural Balwadi

Childhood is a crucial period in terms of growth and development. Unfortunately in the developing countries, childhood is marred by malnutrition leading to high mortality and morbidity rates. According to Gopalan the high incidence of protein calorie malnutrition among weaned infants in India, cripples the growth of the nation. The ultimate solution to the problem of hunger and malnutrition lies in the proper utilisation of the existing resources, Sen.
Effects of Vitamin-E Supplementation on Cardiorespiratory Responses in Female Athletes during Endurance Exercise in Different Phases of Menstrual Cycle

Background: Ability to perform strenuous physical work is largely dependent on the efficiency of cardiorespiratory system to take up, transport and give off oxygen for its utilization by the working muscles. Cardiorepsiratory responses to exercise and alteration in physical work capacity of females during different phases of menstrual cycle have been reported. It is well established that Vitamin E (Vit-E) supplementation improves aerobic performance due to its antioxidant nature. Objectives: The present study was aimed to determine the effects of Vit-E supplementation on cardiorespiratory responses during endurance exercise in different phases of menstrual cycle in female athletes. Methods: Twenty five unmarried adult female athletes (21–25 years) were recruited in this placebocontrol double-blind randomized experimental trial. Their average duration of menstrual cycle was 28–32 days. Vit-E was supplemented at a dose of 400mg.day for 7 days. Results: The pre-exercise heart rate and peak heart rate were significantly higher in the flow phase than the follicular and luteal phases during pre and post-supplemental trials. The postsupplementation values of maximum oxygen uptake (VO2max), O2 pulse, maximum pulmonary ventilation and endurance capacity were significantly (P<0.001) higher than the pre-supplementation values in all the phases of menstrual cycle. As far as the comparison of these parameters between the different phases of menstrual cycle is concerned, all these parameters were significantly different in the flow phase than their corresponding values in the follicular and luteal phases. From the present investigation it is concluded that Vit-E supplementation at a dose of 400 mg.day for 7 days significantly improved the VO2max, maximum voluntary ventilation, O2 pulse and endurance capacity in female athletes during different phases of menstrual cycle. Conclusion: Therefore, such supplementation may be recommended to improve the endurance performance of female athletes.
Importancia de los factores clnicos y anatmicos en el intervencionismo coronario

El pronostico del intervencionismo coronario esta determinado por una serie de factores. Unos son factores clinicos inherentes al paciente, especialmente la diabetes y la insuficiencia renal, el grado de inestabilidad de la clinica, el numero de vasos enfermos y la situacion de la function ventricular izquierda. Otros son factores anatomicos intrinsecos de la lesion, como su localizacion en el tronco comun izquierdo, en una safena, en el ostium de una arteria principal, en lesiones bifurcadas o en arterias de pequeno diametro; o su morfologia, con la presencia de calcio o de una oclusion cronica. Desde un punto de vista tecnico, el stent intracoronario se ha convertido en el dispositivo de uso universal, con unos excelentes resultados angiograficos inmediatos pero con algunas lagunas a largo plazo. La disponibilidad reciente de los stents recubiertos de farmacos inhibidores de la proliferacion intimal ha supuesto un nuevo hito del intervencionismo, por cuanto supone una reduccion drastica de la reestenosis coronaria que modificara aun mas, si cabe, esta alternative terapeutica.
The effect of a workplace physical activity intervention program on musculoskeletal pain and related symptoms in different body regions in Portuguese workers

XIII List of abbreviations XV General introduction 17 Chapter 1 23 Background 25 Chapter 2 45 Experimental work 47 Paper I 53 Paper II 69 Paper III 79 Chapter 3 99 Overall discussion 101 Chapter 4 107 Conclusions 109 Perspectives for future research 109 References 110