Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Advance Technique for Website Navigation Improvement Using Machine Learning

: Web searching and information retrieval in a website is a extremely recurrent activity in web browsing. When a customer again finding a website particularly after a long time, he comes across some problems between which beings ignorant regarding the information structure of the site is extremely prominent a different problem is that in a website, customer have no technique to systematize the information space or the navigational structure of the website. Our aim is to improve Web navigation efficiency by reorganizing Web structure. To avoid customer to lose their orientation, structure stability is taken into consideration. We are proposing a technique to progress the navigation effectiveness of a website while minimizing changes to its existing structure we present a survey of the use of Web mining for Web transformation approaches.
A method for characterizing communities in dynamic attributed complex networks

Many methods have been proposed to detect communities in complex networks, but very little work has been done regarding their interpretation. In this work, we propose an efficient method to tackle this problem. We first define a sequence-based representation of networks, combining temporal information, topological measures and nodal attributes. We then describe how to identify the most emerging sequential patterns of this dataset and use them to characterize the communities. We also show how to highlight outliers. Finally, as an illustration, we apply our method to a network of scientific collaborations.
Radiofrequency Management of Trigeminal Neuralgia

Background: Trigeminal neuralgia (TN) is a unique disease. The first line of management in TN is medical treatment using antiepileptic drugs, when drugs failed to control the pain or when there is intolerability to them, surgical interventions are then indicated. Percutaneous Trigeminal rhizotomy (PTR) is recommended for elderly patients with higher operative risk factors. Objective: The aim of this work is to review the literature regarding the pathology, methods of investigations, operative techniques, complications of management of trigeminal neuralgia and eventually prognosis, also evaluation of the effectiveness of the radiofrequency percutaneous radiofrequency rhizotomy - for management of trigeminal neuralgia. Patients and Methods: This study included a total of 15 patients with trigeminal neuralgia presented predominantly in females. Female: male 1.7:1 and the mean age was 53 years. They were admitted and managed at the Neurosurgical Department of at Al-Azhar University Hospitals and other private centers between June 2017 and October 2018. Clinical follow-up was obtained in 15 (100%) patients. Results: follow up revealed that 11 patient (73.4 %) had favorable outcome and 4 patient (26.6%) had unfavorable outcome. The mean preoperative visual analogue scale(VAS) was 7.83 (range 7-10). It dropped immediately postoperative to 2.33 (range 1- 4). ), intraoperative complication was noted in 3 cases (18%). Conclusion: Radiofrequency rhizotomy is the procedure of choice for most patients undergoing first surgical treatments and patients at high risk from general anesthesia (although not necessarily the elderly).
The Use of IS900 PCR and ELISA for the Detection of Mycobacterium a

Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (MAP) is the causative agent of Johne’s disease in cattle and it has been suggested that this organism may be associated with Crohn’s disease in humans. Diseased cows shed this organism into both milk and feces. The objective of this study was to use IS900 PCR and ELISA kit to detect MAP in raw cow milk in Egypt. IS900 PCR revealed that 9 milk samples out of 13(69.2%) raw cow milk samples collected from a dairy farm at El Monefeia governorate,Egypt, were positive to IS900 PCR. Results indicated that animals have shed the Map in their milk or the milk had been contaminated with the feaces of the diseased animal, which can play as a source of infection to other animals and humans if this milk was drunk. ELISA test was also applied on these collected milk samples and it was found that all samples were negative to ELISA. These results reflected that these clinically diseased animals were shedding the MAP in milk without developing antibodies in their sera which mainly appear in the late stage of the disease. Egyptian national programme is needed to decrease the risk of exposure to MAP in both humans and animals.
The BioSTAR device versus the CardioSEAL device in patent foramen ovale closure: comparison of mid-term efficacy and safety

Aims: To compare the mid-term efficacy and safety of the bioabsorbable BioSTAR device with the nonbioabsorbable CardioSEAL device for percutaneous patent foramen ovale (PFO) closure. Methods and results: All 81 consecutive patients who underwent PFO closure with the CardioSEAL or BioSTAR device between June 2003 and July 2008 were included. The presence of a residual shunt (minimal, moderate or large) was measured in both groups at six months follow-up, using contrast transthoracic echocardiography. Forty-four patients (48.4±11.4 years) received the CardioSEAL device and 37 patients the BioSTAR device (47.9±10.7 years). There were no significant differences in shortterm complications. Two patients who received the BioSTAR device developed a recurrent transient cerebral ischaemic event. Overall, atrial arrhythmias occurred in 19%, with no difference between both groups. At six months, a residual shunt was present in 29% (27% minimal, 2% moderate) using the CardioSEAL device compared to 28% (17% minimal, 11% moderate) using the BioSTAR device (p=0.18). A predictor for residual shunt could not be found. Conclusions: There is no difference in safety and efficacy at six months between the CardioSEAL and BioSTAR device used for PFO closure. However, using the BioSTAR device tends to be associated with a higher percentage of moderate shunting.
Determine gap between verbal and work ethic and institutional- management factors in strengthening of work ethic

The purpose of this study was to determine the gap between verbal and work ethic and institutionalmanagement factors in strengthening of personnel's work ethic. The research method is Survey-descriptive.The research groups is employees and patrons of the city, water and sanitation, and agriculture that total number of employees was equal 1580 and total number of clients in terms of the average for the month was 12,000. The sample size of employees 255 and sample size of patrons 350 was calculated. The questionnaire was distributed to 250 employees and 320 clients were returned. Samples were randomly selected stratified by size. Measuring instruments, two questionnaires, and one for the evaluation of practical work ethic was answered by the clients and the work ethic to measure verbal response was given by staff. The questionnaire consisted of 23 questions was closed. Oral questionnaire included an additional section on institutional factors in promoting ethical practice management staff. Reliability verbal formula 0/84 and 0/95 functional questionnaire by Cronbach's alpha was calculated and to assess the validity was used from content validity. To analyze the results of univariatet test, Fisher exact test, t test and binomial tests were used. Results show, Oral ethics more than the mean average was practical ethics, between Oral and practical ethics is a significant difference. Staff assessed factors ten in strengthening the work ethic more than the average.
Efikasnost dekongestivne i presoterapije kod pacijentkinja sa limfedemom ruke nakon operacije karcinoma dojke

AB BACKGROUND. Secondary lymphedema of the arm is a relatively common complication after breast cancer surgery. Although complex decongestive therapy is considered the “golden standard”, there is still a controversy as to whether adding pressotherapy is of any value. Thus, the aim of this study was to compare the efficacy of complex decongestive therapy (CDT) against complex decongestive therapy combined with a pressotherapy on functional status, pain, and quality of life in patients with secondary lymphedema of the arm after breast cancer treatment. METHODS. In this prospective, randomized, parallel, nonblind study, we recruited 108 women, mean age 56.8±8.5 years, with secondary arm lymphedema who completed breast cancer surgery 57.4±46.2 months earlier. They were randomly assigned to a CDT group (control) or CDT+pressotherapy group (experimental). The CDT protocol consisted of skin care, manual lymphatic drainage, short stretch multi-layer compression bandages, and exercises provided by therapists. In addition to that, the experimental group received pressotherapy (intermittent pneumatic compression) for 30 minutes per day at a pressure of 40 mmHg. The treatments were administered once a day, five days a week, for 3 weeks. The subjects were instructed to continue administering the skin care, manual lymphatic drainage, compression sleeve and exercises on their own for 3 months after the end of treatment.
Oxidative damage in Alzheimer’s disease

Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is the most common age-related neurodegenerative disease characterized by progressive loss of cognitive and intellectual functions, especially memory. The major neuropathologic hallmarks of AD consist of the presence of amyloid plaques and neurofibrillary tangles, and neuronal cell death. Convincing evidence demonstrates that oxidative stress is an early event in AD, and therefore may play a key pathogenic role in the disease. Indeed, the oxidative damage is evidenced by the large number of metabolic signs of oxidative stress as well as by biomarkers of oxidative damage to lipids, proteins, DNA and RNA, which are present in AD patients. Altered gene expression, heavy metals and the excessive production of nitric oxide are also implicated in AD pathogenesis. But the associations between these markers of free radical damage and the pathogenic cascades involved in AD are complex. The aim of this review is to focus on the involvement of oxidative stress in AD and to discuss its role in the progression of the disease.
MARITIME SAFETY IN THE GULF OF FINLAND

Growing traffic is believed to increase the risk of an accident in the Gulf of Finland. As the consequences of a large oil accident would be devastating in the vulnerable sea area, accident prevention is performed at the international, regional and national levels. Activities of shipping companies are governed with maritime safety policy instruments, which can be categorised into regulatory, economic and information instruments. The maritime regulatory system has been criticised for being inefficient because it has not been able to eliminate the violations that enable accidents. This report aims to discover how maritime governance systems or maritime safety policy instruments could be made more efficient in the future, in order to improve the maritime safety level. The results of the research are based on a literature review and nine expert interviews, with participants from shipping companies, interest groups and authorities. Based on the literature and the interviews, a suggestion can be made that in the future, instead of implementing new policy instruments, maritime safety risks should be eliminated by making the existing system more efficient and by influencing shipping companies’ safety culture and seafarers’ safety related attitudes. Based on this research, it can be stated that the development of maritime safety policy instruments should concentrate on harmonisation, automation and increasing national and cross-border cooperation. These three tasks could be primarily accomplished by developing the existing technology. Human error plays a role in a significant number of maritime accidents. Because of this, improving companies’ safety culture and voluntary activities that go beyond laws are acknowledged as potential ways of improving maritime safety. In the future, maritime regulatory system should be developed into a direction where the private sector has better possibilities to take part in decision-making.
Artificial Intelligence and Online Extremism: Challenges and Opportunities

Radicalisation is a process that historically used to be triggered mainly through social interactions in places of worship, religious schools, prisons, meeting venues, etc. Today, this process is often initiated on the Internet, where radicalisation content is easily shared, and potential candidates are reached more easily, rapidly, and at an unprecedented scale (Edwards and Gribbon, 2013; Von Behr et al., 2013). In recent years, some terrorist organisations succeeded in leveraging the power of social media to recruit individuals to their cause and ideology (Farwell, 2014). It is often the case that such recruitment attempts are initiated on open social media platforms (e.g., Twitter, Facebook, Tumblr, YouTube) but then move onto private messages and/or encrypted platforms (e.g., WhatsApp, Telegram). Such encrypted communication channels have also been used by terrorist cells and networks to plan their operations (Gartenstein-Ross and Barr). To counteract the activities of such organisations, and to halt the spread of radicalisation content, some governments, social media platforms, and counter-extremism agencies are investing in the creation of advanced information technologies to identify and counter extremism through the development of Artificial Intelligent (AI) solutions (Correa and Sureka, 2013; Agarwal and Sureka 2015a; Scrivens and Davies, 2018). These solutions have three main objectives: (i) understanding the phenomena behind online extremism (the communication flow, the use of propaganda, the different stages of the radicalisation process, the variety of radicalisation channels, etc.), (ii) automatically detecting radical users and content, and (iii) predicting the adoption and spreading of extremist ideas. Despite current advancements in the area, multiple challenges still exist, including: (i) the lack of a common definition of prohibited radical and extremist internet activity, (ii) the lack of solid verification of the datasets collected to develop detection and prediction models, (iii) the lack of cooperation across research fields, since most of the developed technological solutions are neither based on, nor do they take advantage of, existing social theories and studies of radicalisation, (iv) the constant evolution of behaviours associated with online extremism in order to avoid being detected by the developed algorithms (changes in terminology, creation of new accounts, etc.) and, (v) the development of ethical guidelines and legislation to regulate the design and development of AI technology to counter radicalisation. In this book chapter we provide an overview of the current technological advancements towards addressing the problem of online extremism (with a particular focus on Jihadism). We identify some of the limitations of current technologies, and highlight some of the potential opportunities. Our aim is to reflect on the current state of the art and to stimulate discussions on the future design and development of AI technology to target the problem of online extremism.
1 Smart Grid Capabilities, Infrastructure, Impact on Power Suppliers/Consumers and Concerns

his paper dwells on the need to integrate existing traditional sources of supply and the renewable sources in order to establish a new energy system which is energy efficient, reliable, controllable, secure, compatible, economical and sustainable. Smart grid can overcome existing and future challenges in a cost effective manner. In this paper, the main focus is on the smart grid infrastructure, its capabilities, communication scenarios, technologies and energy management. The implementation of the vision of modernized intelligent smart grid can overcome problems and challenges of traditional electricity grids and utilities. The paper also focuses on the services and factors that attract the consumers and utilities to change the way they operate in order to improve the current services. Various measures are proposed to help in implementation and adoption of smart grid vision in Pakistan. Finally, paper presents smart grid research programs, deployments, issues and concerns.
Sculpting Mountains: Interactive Terrain Modeling Based on Subsurface Geology

Most mountain ranges are formed by the compression and folding of colliding tectonic plates. Subduction of one plate causes large-scale asymmetry while their layered composition (or stratigraphy) explains the multi-scale folded strata observed on real terrains. We introduce a novel interactive modeling technique to generate visually plausible, large scale terrains that capture these phenomena. Our method draws on both geological knowledge for consistency and on sculpting systems for user interaction. The user is provided hands-on control on the shape and motion of tectonic plates, represented using a new geologically-inspired model for the Earth crust. The model captures their volume preserving and complex folding behaviors under collision, causing mountains to grow. It generates a volumetric uplift map representing the growth rate of subsurface layers. Erosion and uplift movement are jointly simulated to generate the terrain. The stratigraphy allows us to render folded strata on eroded cliffs. We validated the usability of our sculpting interface through a user study, and compare the visual consistency of the earth crust model with geological simulation results and real terrains.
Post Milennium Development Goal Strategies to Improve Newborn and Child Health in Uganda

In this communication brief, the author proposes new, country specific, Post-Millennium Development Goal (MDG) strategy to reduce under-five mortality in Uganda by 2030. This reflection is intendedto reduce inequities, guide implementation of interventions and measure success with regard to newborn and child health, particularly focussing on country demographics, leading causes of child mortality and the specific evidence-based interventions that exist to address these problems, the challenges to implementing such interventions and how they may be overcome. The author proposes means on howthe success of such interventions can be monitored while drawing attention to key indicators and targets based on existing country specific statistics. Findings show there is still high neonatal and postnatal mortality in Uganda attributed to poor peripartum and postpartum care. Adaptingthe aforementioned multisectoral approach can be fundamental in achieving the proposed post MDG targets for newborn and child health by 2030.
STANDARDNÍ KLASIFIKACE KOLOREKTÁLNÍCH KARCINOMÒ – REALITA, NEBO ILUZE? CORRECT STAGING OF COLORECTAL CANCER – REALITY OR ILLUSION?

ÚVOD Kolorektální karcinom není z molekulárnû-genetického a ani z klinického hlediska jednotn ̆m onemocnûním. Nezávisle na jeho heterogenitû je v‰ak hlavní a nezpochybÀovanou léãebnou metodou u nemetastatick ̆ch forem chirurgická resekce, alespoÀ podle dne‰ních poznatkÛ. Naproti tomu adjuvantní léãba ãi algoritmus dispenzarizaãních vy‰etfiení není u v‰ech pacientÛ stejn ̆. Klinická rozvaha vychází z individuálních charakteristik onemocnûní oznaãovan ̆ch jako prediktivní a prognostické faktory. Pod vlivem narÛstajícího mnoÏství informací o rozdíln ̆ch vlastnostech karcinomÛ na molekulární úrovni se zdá, Ïe není daleko doba, kdy budeme charakteristiku nádoru urãovat pfiedev‰ím molekulárnû-genetick ̆mi testy. V souãasné dobû je v‰ak klinická v ̆znamnost molekulárních parametrÛ stále ve fázi ovûfiování. A tak nám zatím nezb ̆vá, neÏ spoléhat se na základní, pfiedev‰ím klinickohistopatologické znaky, jejichÏ prognostická v ̆znamnost byla prokázána. V prvních dvou tabulkách jsou shrnuty dosavadní literární poznatky o v ̆znamnosti nejãastûji diskutovan ̆ch prognostick ̆ch a prediktivních faktorÛ (PF) po kurativní resekci kolorektálního karcinomu (tab. 1 [1] a tab. 2 [2]). STANDARDNÍ KLASIFIKACE KOLOREKTÁLNÍCH KARCINOMÒ – REALITA, NEBO ILUZE?
Gaussian Processes with Physiologically-Inspired Priors for Physical Arousal Recognition

While machine learning algorithms are able to detect subtle patterns of interest in data, expert knowledge may contain crucial information that is not easily extracted from a given dataset, especially when the latter is small or noisy. In this paper we investigate the suitability of Gaussian Process Classification (GPC) as an effective model to implement the domain knowledge in an algorithm’s training phase. Building on their Bayesian nature, we proceed by injecting problem- specific domain knowledge in the form of an a-priori distribution on the GPC latent function. We do this by extracting handcrafted features from the input data, and correlating them to the logits of the classification problem through fitting a prior function informed by the physiology of the problem. The physiologically-informed prior of the GPC is then updated through the Bayes formula using the available dataset. We apply the methods discussed here to a two-class classification problem associated to a dataset comprising Heart Rate Variability (HRV) and Electrodermal Activity (EDA) signals collected from 26 subjects who were exposed to a physical stressor aimed at altering their autonomic nervous systems dynamics. We provide comparative computational experiments on the selection of appropriate physiologically-inspired GPC prior functions. We find that the recognition of the presence of the physical stressor is significantly enhanced when the physiologically-inspired prior knowledge is injected into the GPC model.
Comparing is believing – The ease of comparison as a means to induce gullibility

First and foremost, it seems obvious that gullibility can be produced by heuristics (Tversky & Kahneman, 1974; s.a., Strack & Deutsch, 2002). As it is well known, heuristics describe ways in which judgments can be simplified. If judgments express beliefs, heuristics can be understood as promotors of gullibility. Indeed, at the beginning of this research program, heuristics had a pejorative flavor and were often described as judgmental fallacies resulting from deviations from normative rules. This was particularly reinforced by efforts to link psychological biases with judgmental heuristics (Nisbett & Ross, 1980).
Attractiveness and Confidence in Walking Style of Male and Female Virtual Characters

Animated virtual characters are essential to many applications. Little is known so far about biological and personality inferences made from a virtual character’s body shape and motion. Here, we investigated how sex-specific differences in walking style relate to the perceived attractiveness and confidence of male and female virtual characters. The characters were generated by reconstructing body shape and walking motion from optical motion capture data. The results suggest that sexual dimorphism in walking style plays a different role in attributing biological and personality traits to male and female virtual characters. This finding has important implications for virtual character animation.