Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Variations axiomatiques pour la recherche d'information personnalisée

Cet article s'interesse a l'exploitation du profil des utilisateurs pour la recherche d'in-formation dans un reseau social d'annotation (tagging). Nous faisons l'hypothese que le profil doit etre filtre de maniere adequate pour permettre une personnalisation efficace de la requete. Afin d'etudier cette personnalisation d'un point de vue axiomatique, la contrainte d'expansion de requete basee sur le profil est alors definie. Elle decrit le comportement attendu des termes du profil utilisateur qui permettront de personnaliser la requete. Nous fixons un exemple d'in-tegration de cette contrainte dans le cadre d'un modele probabiliste, avant d'etudier l'impact de la requete dans le filtrage du profil d'un utilisateur. Les experimentations effectuees sur le corpus Bibsonomy montrent que meme une mise en oeuvre simple de la contrainte donne de bons resultats pour la personnalisation. ABSTRACT. This paper focuses on difficulty of finding relevant information in a social network. We start from the premise that user profiles must be filtered to have a positive impact on the retrieval. The Profile Query Expansion Constraint is then defined: it defines the expected behavior of the terms that are used to personalize a user query. We define, then, one integration of the constraint in a probabilistic matching framework, before studying when the query may be used to help focusing the social profile of a user asking a query. Experiments are processed on the Bibsonomy corpus. Our findings show that even simple profile adaptations are effective for social personalized information retrieval. MOTS-CLES : reseau social, modeles probabilistes, selection de profil, axiomatique.
Atrophy of cortical bone caused by rigid internal fixation plates. An experimental study in the dog.

The cortical atrophy induced by a rigid internal fixation plate on diaphyseal bone was studied on the femora of seven dogs. When the plate, which had been in position for 7 months without previous osteotomy, was removed, a pronounced reduction of the cortical bone was observed in the previously plated section of the diaphyseal bone. The atrophy took the form of loss of cortical bone mainly caused by endosteal resorption with enlargement of the medullary cavity. Neither periosteal resorption nor formation of woven bone under the site of the plate were observed. The process of adaption to the changed stress and strain conditions, caused by the mechanical joint, i.e., implants and bone, was studied by means of a histological technique, and was still in progress after a period of seven months.
THE FITNESS EFFECT OF MUTATIONS ACROSS ENVIRONMENTS: A SURVEY IN LIGHT OF FITNESS LANDSCAPE MODELS

Abstract The fitness effects of mutations on a given genotype are rarely constant across environments to which this genotype is more or less adapted, that is, between more or less stressful conditions. This can have important implications, especially on the evolution of ecological specialization. Stress is thought to increase the variance of mutations' fitness effects, their average, or the number of expressed mutations. Although empirical evidence is available for these three mechanisms, their relative magnitude is poorly understood. In this paper, we propose a simple approach to discriminate between these mechanisms, using a survey of empirical measures of mutation effects in contrasted environments. This survey, across various species and environments, shows that stress mainly increases the variance of mutations' effects on fitness, with a much more limited impact on their average effect or on the number of expressed mutations. This pattern is consistent with a simple model in which fitness is a Gaussian function of phenotypes around an environmentally determined optimum. These results suggest that a simple, mathematically tractable landscape model may not be quantitatively as unrealistic as previously suggested. They also suggest that mutation parameter estimates may be strongly biased when measured in stressful environments.
Classification Method Based on Multilayer Tree-Structured Neural Network for Remote Sensing Images of Tianjin Development Area

Classification has been widely applied in images information mining. In this paper, the classification methods based on multilayer tree-structured neural network for remote sensing images of Tianjin development area is presented as an extended version of the classification algorithms in neural network, which has a dynamic tree-structure generated during the training process and its' growth speed can be controlled through the weight of network, and the user can get the hierarchical results through changing the weight of network in different steps.
Efficacy of New Generation Antidepressants: Meta-Analysis of Imipramine-Controlled Studies

When assessing the efficacy of a new antidepressant in comparison with a standard treatment, most clinical trials have come to the conclusion that the nullhypothesis (equal efficacy) cannot be rejected, and have not been reformulated with respect to (at least) equivalent studies. However, it cannot be concluded from this that the compared treatments have the same (or similar) efficacy, because in many of the studies the statistical power is not sufficient. Using the effect-size formula described by Glass et al. (1981), a meta-analysis were performed combining the results of comparative trials of maprotiline, mianserin, viloxazine, trazodone, nomifensine, fluvoxamine, and fluoxetine, performed according to similar objectives and designs (similar patient selection, double-blind, randomized, etc.) and with imipramine as reference compound. Together with the results of a former meta-analysis of amitriptyline-controlled studies (Möller and Haug, 1988) the present investigation indicates differences in efficacy, which in the case of most of the new generation antidepressants is similar to the reference compounds imipramine and amitriptyline.
Circadian Variation in Stroke Onset: Identical Temporal Pattern in Ischemic and Hemorrhagic Events

Stroke is the culmination of a heterogeneous group of cerebrovascular diseases that is manifested as ischemia or hemorrhage of one or more blood vessels of the brain. The occurrence of many acute cardiovascular events—such as myocardial infarction, sudden cardiac death, pulmonary embolism, critical limb ischemia, and aortic aneurysm rupture—exhibits prominent 24 h patterning, with a major morning peak and secondary early evening peak. The incidence of stroke exhibits the same 24 h pattern. Although ischemic and hemorrhagic strokes are different entities and are characterized by different pathophysiological mechanisms, they share an identical double‐peak 24 h pattern. A constellation of endogenous circadian rhythms and exogenous cyclic factors are involved. The staging of the circadian rhythms in vascular tone, coagulative balance, and blood pressure plus temporal patterns in posture, physical activity, emotional stress, and medication effects play central and/or triggering roles. Features of the circadian rhythm of blood pressure, in terms of their chronic and acute effects on cerebral vessels, and of coagulation are especially important. Clinical medicine has been most concerned with the prevention of stroke in the morning, when population‐based studies show it is of greatest risk during the 24 h; however, improved protection of at‐risk patients against stroke in the early evening, the second most vulnerable time of cerebrovascular accidents, has received relatively little attention thus far.
Reduced-Order Small-Signal Model of Microgrid Systems

The objective of this study was to develop a reduce-dorder small-signal model of a microgrid system capable of operating in both the grid-tied and the islanded conditions. The nonlinear equations of the proposed system were derived in the dq reference frame and then linearized around stable operating points to construct a small-signal model. The high-order state matrix was then reduced using the singular perturbation technique. The dynamic equations were divided into two groups based on the small-signal model parameters ε. The “slow” states, which dominated the system's dynamics, were preserved, whereas the “fast” states were eliminated. Step responses of the model were compared to the experimental results from a hardware test to assess their accuracy and similarity to the full-order system. The proposed reduced-order model was applied to a modified IEEE-37 bus grid-tied microgrid system to evaluate system's dynamic response in grid-tied mode, islanded mode, and transition from grid-tied to islanded mode.
The Unique Experiences of Women and Their Families After the Death of a Baby

This study sought to discover the ways in which the woman's experience of a baby's death affects her as an individual and within the family system. More specifically, this study asked: Does a woman's experience of stillbirth appear to have long-lasting effects, and what variables influence such changes? Expressed through their own narratives, it appears that a baby's death has long-lasting effects for a woman. Variables that affect her perceptual experience include social support, legitimization of her loss, opportunities for rituals, and existential emotions such as shame and guilt. Results revealed that enhanced understanding of the experience and psychosocial support may help some women and their family systems cope with the long-term effects of this loss.
Escherichia coli RNA polymerase core and holoenzyme structures

Multisubunit RNA polymerase is an essential enzyme for regulated gene expression. Here we report two Escherichia coli RNA polymerase structures: an 11.0 Å structure of the core RNA polymerase and a 9.5 Å structure of the σ70 holoenzyme. Both structures were obtained by cryo‐electron microscopy and angular reconstitution. Core RNA polymerase exists in an open conformation. Extensive conformational changes occur between the core and the holoenzyme forms of the RNA polymerase, which are largely associated with movements in β′. All common RNA polymerase subunits (α2, β, β′) could be localized in both structures, thus suggesting the position of σ70 in the holoenzyme.
MODEL SELECTION IN PHYLOGENETICS

Abstract Investigation into model selection has a long history in the statistical literature. As model-based approaches begin dominating systematic biology, increased attention has focused on how models should be selected for distance-based, likelihood, and Bayesian phylogenetics. Here, we review issues that render model-based approaches necessary, briefly review nucleotide-based models that attempt to capture relevant features of evolutionary processes, and review methods that have been applied to model selection in phylogenetics: likelihood-ratio tests, AIC, BIC, and performancebased approaches.
Performance characterization of ad hoc routing protocols with mobility awareness

In modern warfare, informational and situational awareness is vital to superiority on the battle field. In our previous work, we have shown that communication planning based on mission plans can greatly improve the performance of the tactical communication networks. In the Mobility Aware Routing Protocol (MARP) /Mobility Dissemination Protocol (MDP), this mission information is utilized to route traffic based on the knowledge of the Airborne Network topology with respect to time and make preemptive decisions to minimize packet losses due to link failures. However, it is always difficult for the wide body aircrafts to follow the prescribed trajectories accurately, leading to imperfections in the predicted topologies. In this paper, we extend the idea of mobility aware routing for situations where the mission information is inaccurate. We simulate different scenarios to introduce these imperfections and through stress tests and simulation studies, we have compared the performance of MARP/MDP with other standard Proactive Ad Hoc routing protocol like OLSR. Based on the scenarios of study, we have empirically observed that MARP/MDP always performs better than OLSR. In this paper, we also discuss and report performance parameters collected from an emulated Linux based testbed. We developed MARP/MDP routers using Zebra/Quagga routing protocol suite and used a real time Network Emulator to set up the experiments.
Frequency of serum creatinine changes in the absence of iodinated contrast material: implications for studies of contrast nephrotoxicity.

OBJECTIVE Most studies of contrast-induced nephropathy lack controls to distinguish it from nephropathy from other causes. We assessed the frequency and magnitude of serum creatinine changes in patients not receiving iodinated contrast material to compare with creatinine changes in publications regarding contrast nephropathy. MATERIALS AND METHODS From the electronic medical records of an academic medical center, adults with creatinine determinations on five consecutive days who had not received contrast material during the previous 10 days were identified. The first creatinine level was compared with those on subsequent days. We calculated the frequency with which these levels exceeded thresholds used to identify contrast nephropathy in previous publications. RESULTS Among 32,161 patients, more than half showed a change of at least 25% and more than two fifths, a change of at least 0.4 mg/dL. Among patients with baseline creatinine levels of 0.6-1.2 mg/dL, increases of at least 25%, 33%, and 50% occurred in 27%, 19%, and 11% of patients, respectively. Increases of 0.4, 0.6, and 1.0 mg/dL occurred in 13%, 7%, and 3% of patients. Among patients with baseline creatinine levels greater than 2.0 mg/dL, increases of at least 25%, 33%, and 50% occurred in 16%, 12%, and 7%. Increases of 0.4, 0.6, and 1.0 mg/dL occurred in 33%, 26%, and 18%. These increases were not different from the incidences of contrast nephropathy previously published. CONCLUSION The creatinine level increases in patients who are not receiving contrast material as often as it does in published series of patients who are receiving contrast material. The role of contrast material in nephropathy may have been overestimated.
Motivation to Hide Emotion and Children's Understanding of the Distinction Between Real and Apparent Emotions

Abstract The authors investigated the extent to which children's understanding of the distinction between real and apparent emotions varied according to the motivation to hide emotions. Children, aged 6-7 and 10-11 years, were read stories designed to elicit either prosocial or self-protective motivated display rules and were asked to predict the facial expressions the protagonists would make to hide felt emotions. Children were found to understand the distinction between real and apparent emotions very well, independently of the type of motivation. Contrary to predictions, boys understood this distinction better than did girls when the motivation to hide positive emotions was prosocial. Children perceived neutralization as the most appropriate strategy to hide felt emotions, followed by masking.
Psychiatric comorbidity and 12-step participation: a longitudinal investigation of treated young adults.

BACKGROUND Evidence indicates that 12-step mutual-help organizations (MHOs), such as Alcoholics Anonymous (AA) and Narcotics Anonymous (NA), can play an important role in extending and potentiating the recovery benefits of professionally delivered addiction treatment among young adults with substance use disorders (SUD). However, concerns have lingered regarding the suitability of 12-step organizations for certain clinical subgroups, such as those with dual diagnosis (DD). This study examined the influence of diagnostic status (DD vs. SUD-only) on both attendance and active involvement (e.g., having a sponsor, verbal participation during meetings) in, and derived benefits from, 12-step MHOs following residential treatment. METHODS Young adults (N = 296; 18 to 24 years old; 26% female; 95% Caucasian; 47% DD [based on structured diagnostic interview]), enrolled in a prospective naturalistic study of SUD treatment effectiveness, were assessed at intake and 3, 6, and 12 months posttreatment on 12-step attendance/active involvement and percent days abstinent (PDA). t-Tests and lagged, hierarchical linear models (HLM) examined the extent to which diagnostic status influenced 12-step participation and any derived benefits, respectively. RESULTS For DD and SUD-only patients, posttreatment attendance and active involvement in 12-step organizations were similarly high. Overall, DD patients had significantly lower PDA relative to SUD-only patients. All patients appeared to benefit significantly from attendance and active involvement on a combined 8-item index. Regarding the primary effects of interest, significant differences did not emerge in derived benefit between DD and SUD-only patients for either attendance (p = 0.436) or active involvement (p = 0.062). Subsidiary analyses showed, however, that DD patients experienced significantly greater abstinence-related benefit from having a 12-step sponsor. CONCLUSIONS Despite concerns regarding the clinical utility of 12-step MHOs for DD patients, findings indicate that DD young adults participate and benefit as much as SUD-only patients, and may benefit more from high levels of active involvement, particularly having a 12-step sponsor. Future work is needed to clarify how active 12-step involvement might offset the additional recovery burden of a comorbid mental illness on substance use outcomes.
ROLE OF OXIDANT STRESS IN THE ADULT RESPIRATORY DISTRESS SYNDROME: EVALUATION OF A NOVEL ANTIOXIDANT STRATEGY IN A PORCINE MODEL OF ENDOTOXIN‐INDUCED ACUTE LUNG INJURY

Reactive oxygen metabolites (ROMs) are thought to play a key role in the pathogenesis of the adult respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). Accordingly, the use of ROM scavengers, such as N-acetyl-cysteine or dimethylthiourea, as therapeutic adjuncts to prevent oxidant-mediated damage to the lung have been evaluated extensively in animal models of ARDS. Results with this approach have been quite variable among studies. Another strategy that has been examined in animal models of ARDS is the administration of various enzymes, particularly superoxide dismutase (SOD) or catalase (CAT), in an effort to promote the conversion of ROMs to inactive metabolites. In theory, this strategy should be more effective than the use of ROM scavengers since a single molecule of a catalytically active molecule can neutralize a large number of molecules of a reactive species, whereas most scavengers act in a stoichiometric fashion to neutralize radicals on a mole-for-mole basis. This notion is supported by studies showing that prophylactic treatment with CAT provides impressive protection against acute lung injury induced in experimental animals by the administration of lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Results with SOD have been more variable. Recently, we have utilized a porcine model of LPS-induced ARDS to investigate the therapeutic potential of EUK-8, a novel, synthetic, low molecular salen-manganese complex that exhibits both SOD-like and CAT-like activities in vitro. Using both pre- and post-treatment designs, we have documented that treatment with EUK-8 significantly attenuates many of the features of LPS-induced acute lung injury, including arterial hypoxemia, pulmonary hypertension, decreased dynamic pulmonary compliance, and pulmonary edema. These findings support the view that salen-manganese complexes warrant further evaluation as therapeutic agents for treatment or prevention of sepsis-related ARDS in humans.
The Human Factor: Designing Safety Into Oncology Practice.

Human factors is a discipline that incorporates principles of psychology and engineering to optimize interactions between people and the complex systems in which they live and work. Human factors aims to reduce the occurrence and impact of human error through an acceptance of humans’ physical, cognitive, and social capabilities and limitations. Rather than expecting humans to improve upon their innate abilities, the emphasis of human factors is on changing the system in which humans work. High-risk industries such as aviation, nuclearpowergeneration,andtransportation have employed human factors techniques to improve safety since the middle of the 20th century. Human factors concepts are relatively new to health care and have gained significant momentum only in the past decade. A Canadian sentinel event illustrates the role this discipline can play in oncology practice.
RoboCupRescue international research project

RoboCupRescue started as an international cooperative research project that aims at giving effective solutions from robotics and IT to the urban search and rescue problems in large-scale disasters. The  nal goal of this project is the proposition of desirable social infrastructure for the next generation that is empowered by robotics. The experience of Kobe Earthquake showed the following requirement of robotic systems: (1) adaptability to the environment, (2) portability or mobility, (3) cooperation with human, (4) human support function, (5) continuity from normal time to disaster, (6) large number and distribution of systems, (7) wide variety of system functions, (8) standardization for interoperability and cost reduction, (9) scalability and extendibility, and (10) optimal operation control. In order to give solutions to these problems, two projects are going forward now: RoboCupRescue Robot Project and RoboCupRescue Simulation Project.
Flow cytometric immunophenotyping of regulatory T cells in chronic lymphocytic leukemia: comparative assessment of various markers and use of novel antibody panel with CD127 as alternative to transcription factor FoxP3

Abstract This study analyzed the frequency of regulatory T cells (Tregs) in chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) by multiparameter flow cytometric immunophenotyping. Patients showed significantly increased frequencies of Tregs as compared to controls, a significantly higher percentage than that identified by previous studies, possibly indicating a different prognosis of CLL in different parts of the world and, more precisely, a worse prognosis of CLL in the Indian population. A higher frequency of Tregs was also seen in advanced stage of disease with significantly reduced frequencies of Tregs in patients with CLL after chemotherapy. A significant proportion of CD127low/−FoxP3+ Tregs expressed only low levels of CD25. Thus, CD127 appears to be a better marker than CD25 for the identification of CD4+FoxP3+ T cells as potential Tregs. Our results suggest that the specificity and sensitivity of CD4+CD127low/− cells are comparable to those of CD4+FoxP3+, which is the gold standard, and can be used as an alternative. This novel flow cytometric antibody panel with fewer number of antibodies is cost-effective and can be used to enumerate Tregs in resource-limited settings.