Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Mobile Photography and Social Networks： Production, Consumption, Socialization and Copyright Practices Among University Students

 The following study shall analyse results of an exploration into production, consumption, socialization, privacy and copyright practices among Mexican university students who take photography through mobile devices in social networks. This work focuses on an analysis of how digital natives carry out image capture, how much time is spent on this activity and what types of images are consumed in different types of social networks. It also examines what type of images are captured and what is done with these images in social networks. The study is applied to a specific sample of 93 university students who have full access to mobile devices, applications and social networks in their daily lives. It provides information as to their behavior within a changing techno-social scene which sees the emergence of new mobile devices, specialized applications and social networks dedicated to photography along with other nascent forms and styles of digital production and socialization. This shall be compared to a previous study carried out in 2010.
Biomechanisms of Comorbidity: Reviewing Integrative Analyses of Multi-omics Datasets and Electronic Health Records

Summary Objectives: Disease comorbidity is a pervasive phenomenon impacting patients’ health outcomes, disease management, and clinical decisions. This review presents past, current and future research directions leveraging both phenotypic and molecular information to uncover disease similarity underpinning the biology and etiology of disease comorbidity. Methods: We retrieved ~130 publications and retained 59, ranging from 2006 to 2015, that comprise a minimum number of five diseases and at least one type of biomolecule. We surveyed their methods, disease similarity metrics, and calculation of comorbidities in the electronic health records, if present. Results: Among the surveyed studies, 44% generated or validated disease similarity metrics in context of comorbidity, with 60% being published in the last two years. As inputs, 87% of studies utilized intragenic loci and proteins while 13% employed RNA (mRNA, LncRNA or miRNA). Network modeling was predominantly used (35%) followed by statistics (28%) to impute similarity between these biomolecules and diseases. Studies with large numbers of biomolecules and diseases used network models or naïve overlap of disease-molecule associations, while machine learning, statistics, and information retrieval were utilized in smaller and moderate sized studies. Multiscale computations comprising shared function, network topology, and phenotypes were performed exclusively on proteins. Conclusion: This review highlighted the growing methods for identifying the molecular mechanisms underpinning comorbidities that leverage multiscale molecular information and patterns from electronic health records. The survey unveiled that intergenic polymorphisms have been overlooked for similarity imputation compared to their intragenic counterparts, offering new opportunities to bridge the mechanistic and similarity gaps of comorbidity.
Adaptive array thinning for space-time beamforming

Space-time array processing (STAP) is a computationally intensive task because of the large matrices involved. One method, called array thinning, for reducing this computational burden is to not process certain space and/or time taps. We propose a technique for array thinning that accounts for the interference environment and thins the array optimally. The thinned elements are constraints in the linearly constrained minimum power (LCMP) method. We also propose a greedy version of the LCMP method that produces comparable results with lower computational burden. Performance comparisons are given in terms of interference suppression and the computational burden.
Therapeutic pipeline for soft-tissue sarcoma

Introduction: Soft-tissue sarcomas (STS) represent a heterogeneous group of malignant tumors originating from connective tissues. Over recent years, this heterogeneity has led to a molecular breakdown of STS and subsequent use of targeted agents in several molecularly defined subgroups. After the initial success of imatinib in gastrointestinal stromal tumors, several other compounds have shown promising activity in some but not all subgroups of sarcoma. Areas covered: This review discusses the rational and clinical results, when available, that support this subtype-directed approach. In the vast majority of cases, these agents have been tested only in patients with advanced disease; as chemotherapeutic agents are developed as non-histotype-specific therapies, they are not discussed here. The PubMed literature was searched using the terms ‘sarcoma’, ‘angiogenesis’, ‘mTOR’ and ‘targeted agents’. Proceedings of the annual meeting of the American Society of Clinical Oncology as well as those of the Connective Tissue Oncology Society were also searched for relevant information. Expert opinion: Many agents are currently developed in a subtype-specific manner in STS and this represents a significant leap forward. However, much remains to be done to improve our understanding of the molecular biology of this heterogeneous group of diseases.
The Principle of Reluctance Resolver and EMF Waveform Optimization Based on FEM

The reluctance changing principle of resolver is divided into two kinds: one is varying reluctance through coupling area and the other is the air gap. The mechanical eccentricity makes much more influence on the precision of the one pair pole reluctance resolver. In this article, one pair pole axial flux reluctance resolver with new magnetic structure is put forward, which has the compensating character inside its two side air gap. The prototype has both the exciting windings and signal windings in its stator, which are vertical to each other. There is no winding in its rotor and one inclined ring is set in it. The character of the EMF in signal windings is got using FEM. At the same time, one 4-pole reluctance resolver's zero error analysis is put forward by using FEM. The result of the FEM analysis is coinciding with supposing of the analytical method well and this will offer us the basic parameters for the further analysis in the future.
Tyrosine Phosphorylation and Activation of Mitogen‐ Activated Protein Kinase in the Rat Brain Following Transient Cerebral Ischemia

Abstract: Activation of trophic factor receptors stimulates tyrosine phosphorylation on proteins and supports neuronal survival. We report that in the recovery phase following reversible cerebral ischemia, tyrosine phosphorylation increases in the membrane fraction of the resistant hippocampal CA3/dentate gyrus (DG) region, whereas in the sensitive CA1 region or striatum, tyrosine phosphorylation is less marked or decreases. In the cytosolic fractions, a 42‐kDa protein, identified as mitogen‐activated protein (MAP) kinase, is markedly phosphorylated and activated immediately following ischemia, in particular in CA3/DG, but not in striatum. In the CA1 region, phosphorylation of MAP kinase is less intense and decreases later during re‐ perfusion, which could explain the delay of neuronal degeneration in this structure. The data suggest that in ischemia‐resistant neurons the growth factor receptor‐coupled signaling cascade is stimulated and, through its effects on DNA transcription and mRNA translation, supports neuronal survival.
Miniaturization of patch antennas with new artificial magnetic layers

A new type of high-impedance surface (HIS) has recently been introduced (Simovski, C.R. et al., 2004 IEEE Antennas and Propag. Soc. Int. Symp., vol.1, p.297-300, 2004). We propose to use such layers, with some modification, as artificial magnetic materials in the design of patch antennas. The new HIS is simulated and patch antennas partially filled by these composite layers are measured in order to test how much the antenna dimensions can be reduced. In order to investigate the frequency behavior of the material experimentally, different sizes of the patches are designed and tested with the same material layers. Also, the height of the patch is changed in order to find the best possible position for minimizing the antenna size. This composite layer of an artificial magnetic material has made the antenna smaller while keeping the bandwidth characteristics of the antenna about the same. About 40% size reduction has been achieved.
Cognitive effects of hormone therapy in men with prostate cancer

Men who receive androgen‐deprivation therapy (ADT) for prostate cancer experience several side effects from this treatment. A few recent studies have examined the cognitive implications of ADT and how they impact a patient's treatment decision‐making, occupational pursuits, and quality of life. For this report, the authors explored possible mechanisms for this association, reviewed research in animal studies and aging men, and examined the growing literature focused on the relation between ADT and cognitive functioning in patients with prostate cancer.
Distributed cooperative optimal control of Energy Storage Systems in a microgrid

Due to the supply-demand imbalance in the microgrid, Energy Storage Systems (ESS) is often proposed to alleviate power imbalance fluctuation in a microgrid. To avoid the issues of single-point-failure and sophisticated communication network with centralized methods, this paper proposes a distributed cooperative optimal control of multiple ESSs in a microgrid. Based on the multi-agent framework, each agent only utilizes the local information and its neighbors' information. The proposed distributed method is based on a two-layer procedure. The outer layer is State of Charge (SOC) management of the ESS, which designs the SOC reference based on the time-of-use pricing. The internal layer is used to track the SOC reference values in an optimal way. The simulation results verify the effectiveness of the proposed distributed method.
Complementary and Alternative Approaches to the Treatment of Persistent Musculoskeletal Pain

Objective:To review common complementary and alternative treatment modalities for the treatment of persistent musculoskeletal pain in older adults. Methods:A critical review of the literature on acupuncture and related modalities, herbal therapies, homeopathy, and spinal manipulation was carried out. Review included 678 cases within 21 randomized trials and 2 systematic reviews of herbal therapies: 798 cases within 2 systematic reviews of homeopathy; 1,059 cases within 1 systematic review of spinal manipulation for low back pain, and 419 cases within 4 randomized controlled trials for neck pain. The review of acupuncture and related modalities was based upon a paucity of well-controlled studies combined with our clinical experience. Results:Insufficient experimental evidence exists to recommend the use of traditional Chinese acupuncture over other madalities for older adults with persistent musculoskeletal pain. Promising preliminary evidence exists to support the use of percutaneous electrical nerve stimulation for persistent low back pain. While some herbals appear to have modest analgesic benefits, insufficient evidence exists to definitively recommend their use. Drug-herb interactions must also be considered. Some evidence exists to support the superiority of homeopathic remedies over placebo for treating osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis. The benefits of spinal manipulation for persistent low back and neck pain have not been convincingly shown to outweigh its risks. Discussion:While the use of complementary and alternative modalities for the treatment of persistent musculoskeletal pain continues to increase, rigorous clinical trials examining their efficacy are needed before definitive recommendations regarding the application of these modalities can be made.
Magnitude and impact of abnormal mineral metabolism in hemodialysis patients in the Dialysis Outcomes and Practice Patterns Study (DOPPS).

BACKGROUND Mineral metabolism has emerged as an important predictor of morbidity and mortality in dialysis patients, independent of bone and muscle concerns. Several expert panels have issued management guidelines for mineral metabolism. METHODS The state of mineral metabolism (serum parathyroid hormone [PTH], phosphorus, calcium, and calcium-phosphorus product) was described for representative samples of patients and facilities from 7 countries (France, Germany, Italy, Japan, Spain, United Kingdom, and United States) participating in the Dialysis Outcomes and Practice Patterns Study (DOPPS I, 1996-2001; DOPPS II, 2002-2004). RESULTS A relatively modest percentage of patients fell within the guideline range for PTH (21.4% in DOPPS I, 26.2% in DOPPS II), serum phosphorus (40.8%, 44.4%), albumin-corrected serum calcium (40.5%, 42.5%), and calcium-phosphorus product (56.6%, 61.4%). Results were not dramatically different across countries. The majority of patients not within guideline ranges had high serum levels of phosphorus (51.6% in DOPPS I, 46.7% in DOPPS II), calcium (50.1%, 48.6%), and calcium-phosphorus product (43.4%, 38.6%) and low (<150 pg/mL) concentrations of PTH (52.9%, 47.5%). It was rare for patients to fall within recommended ranges for all indicators of mineral metabolism; 23% to 28% fell within guideline for at least 3 measures and only 4.6% to 5.5% of patients were within range for all 4. The risks of all-cause and cardiovascular mortality were directly and independently associated with each of the 4 indicators. CONCLUSION The DOPPS provides a useful comparison benchmark for the state of mineral metabolism management of patients with kidney disease; it also affirms the association between mineral metabolism and important patient outcomes.
Human Saliva Proteome and Transcriptome

This paper tests the hypothesis that salivary proteins and their counterpart mRNAs co-exist in human whole saliva. Global profiling of human saliva proteomes and transcriptomes by mass spectrometry (MS) and expression microarray technologies, respectively, revealed many similarities between saliva proteins and mRNAs. Of the function-known proteins identified in saliva, from 61 to 70% were also found present as mRNA transcripts. For genes not detected at both protein and mRNA levels, we made further efforts to determine if the counterpart is present. Of 19 selected genes detected only at the protein level, the mRNAs of 13 (68%) genes were found in saliva by RT-PCR. In contrast, of many mRNAs detected only by microarrays, their protein products were found in saliva, as reported previously by other investigators. The saliva transcriptome may provide preliminary insights into the boundary of the saliva proteome.
Apoptosis: a mechanism of cell killing by influenza A and B viruses

In previous studies, we observed that the virulent avian influenza A virus A/Turkey/Ontario/7732/66 (Ty/Ont) induced severe lymphoid depletion in vivo and rapidly killed an avian lymphocyte cell line (RP9) in vitro. In examining the mechanism of cell killing by this virus, we found that Ty/Ont induced fragmentation of the RP9 cellular DNA into a 200-bp ladder and caused ultrastructural changes characteristic of apoptotic cell death by 5 h after infection. We next determined that the ability to induce apoptosis was not unique to Ty/Ont. In fact, a variety of influenza A viruses (avian, equine, swine, and human), as well as human influenza B viruses, induced DNA fragmentation in a permissive mammalian cell line, Madin-Darby canine kidney (MDCK), and this correlated with the development of a cytopathic effect during viral infection. Since the proto-oncogene bcl-2 is a known inhibitor of apoptosis, we transfected MDCK cells with the human bcl-2 gene; these stably transfected cells (MDCKbcl-2) did not undergo DNA fragmentation after virus infection. In addition, cytotoxicity assays at 48 to 72 h after virus infection showed a high level of cell viability for MDCKbcl-2 compared with a markedly lower level of viability for MDCK cells. These studies indicate that influenza A and B viruses induce apoptosis in cell cultures; thus, apoptosis may represent a general mechanism of cell death in hosts infected with influenza viruses.
Patterns of reactivity of human anti‐GM1 antibodies with spinal cord and motor neurons

Human anti‐GM1 antibodies from patients with lower motor neuron disease or predominantly motor neuropathy recognize carbohydrate determinants shared by GM1 and related glycolipids and glycoproteins, but the identity of the antigens to which they bind in tissue is unknown. We examined the binding of anit‐GM1 antibodies with differing fine specificities to spinal cord, isolated motor neurons, and dorsal root ganglia neurons in order to characterize the tissue antigens. All anti‐GM1 antibodies tested bound to the surface of bovine spinal motor neurons and immunostained the gray matter of unfixed sections of spinal cord. The staining was blocked by cholera toxin, which is specific for GM1, indicating that GM1 itself was the target antigen. Binding to white matter was more variable and depended on fixation and the fine specificities of the antibodies. The anti‐GM1 antibodies did not bind to dorsal root ganglia neurons in tissue sections or in culture. These studies suggest that the autoantibodies migh exert their effect, in part, by binding to GM1 on the surface of motor neurons, and that the absence of binding to dorsal root ganglia neurons might explain the lack of sensory abnormalities in affected patients.
Evaluation of a Levonorgestrel-Releasing Intrauterine System for Treating Endometrial Hyperplasia in Patients with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome

Objective: To evaluate the use of a levonorgestrel-releasing intrauterine system (LNG-IUS) for treating endometrial hyperplasia in patients with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). Methods: LNG-IUSs were inserted in 60 PCOS patients with simple (40 cases), irregular (12 cases), or complex (8 cases) endometrial hyperplasia. Follow-ups were performed at 3, 6, 12, and 24 months after insertion. At each time point, changes in menstruation, hemoglobin level, and endometrial thickness and pathology were recorded. Menstrual changes were assessed with the Pictorial Blood Assessment Chart. Hemoglobin levels were measured by the Blood Routine Test. Endometrial thickness was determined by transvaginal ultrasound. Endometrial pathology was defined as simple, irregular, or complex endometrial hyperplasia by a pathologist after curettage. Outcomes at each time point were compared to baseline (pre-insertion) measurements by Student's t test or ANOVA (for multiple comparisons) with the post hoc Dunnett's test. Differences with a p < 0.05 were considered statistically significant. Results: At all time points after LNG-IUS insertion and in all patients, menstrual blood loss was decreased and hemoglobin level was increased significantly compared to pre-insertion levels. The endometrial thickness was significantly reduced in all groups after 12 months. Most patients showed transformation of the endometrial pathology, with complete disappearance of simple and irregular cases of endometrial hyperplasia and a decreased number of complex endometrial hyperplasia cases. Conclusions: LNG-IUS is an effective, safe, nonsurgical, and atraumatic approach with few side effects for the treatment of endometrial hyperplasia in patients with PCOS.
Dopamine D3 Receptors Modulate the Ability of Win-Paired Cues to Increase Risky Choice in a Rat Gambling Task

Similar to other addiction disorders, the cues inherent in many gambling procedures are thought to play an important role in mediating their addictive nature. Animal models of gambling-related behavior, while capturing dimensions of economic decision making, have yet to address the impact that these salient cues may have in promoting maladaptive choice. Here, we determined whether adding win-associated audiovisual cues to a rat gambling task (rGT) would influence decision making. Thirty-two male Long–Evans rats were tested on either the cued or uncued rGT. In these tasks, animals chose between four options associated with different magnitudes and frequencies of reward and punishing time-out periods. As in the Iowa Gambling Task, favoring options associated with smaller per-trial rewards but smaller losses and avoiding the tempting “high-risk, high-reward” decks maximized profits. Although the reinforcement contingencies were identical in both task versions, rats' choice of the disadvantageous risky options was significantly greater on the cued task. Furthermore, a D3 receptor agonist increased choice of the disadvantageous options, whereas a D3 antagonist had the opposite effects, only on the cued task. These findings are consistent with the reported role of D3 receptors in mediating the facilitatory effects of cues in addiction. Collectively, these results indicate that the cued rGT is a valuable model with which to study the mechanism by which salient cues can invigorate maladaptive decision making, an important and understudied component of both gambling and substance use disorders. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT We used a rodent analog of the Iowa Gambling Task to determine whether the addition of audiovisual cues would affect choice preferences. Adding reward-concurrent cues significantly increased risky choice. This is the first clear demonstration that reward-paired cues can bias cost/benefit decision making against a subject's best interests in a manner concordant with elevated addiction susceptibility. Choice on the cued task was uniquely sensitive to modulation by D3 receptor ligands, yet these drugs did not alter decision making on the uncued task. The relatively unprecedented sensitivity of choice on the cued task to D3-receptor-mediated neurotransmission data suggest that similar neurobiological processes underlie the ability of cues to both bias animals toward risky options and facilitate drug addiction.
Omission of High-Alert Medications: A Hidden Danger.

The Pennsylvania Patient Safety Reporting System is a confidential, statewide Internet reporting system to which all Pennsylvania hospitals, outpatient-surgery facilities, birthing centers, and abortion facilities must file information on incidents and serious events.Safety Monitor is a column from Pennsylvania's Patient Safety Authority, the authority that informs nurses on issues that can affect patient safety and presents strategies they can easily integrate into practice. For more information on the authority, visit www.patientsafetyauthority. org. For the original article discussed in this column or for other articles on patient safety, click on "Patient Safety Advisories" and then "Advisory Library" in the left-hand navigation menu.
Miniaturized and highly parallel protein crystallization on a microfluidic disc

For the first time we present a new microfluidic system for miniaturized and highly parallel protein crystallization experiments by the free interface diffusion (FID) method. The novel system is based on a microfluidic disc fabricated by hot embossing which features 100 protein crystallization chambers enabling up to 100 different crystallization experiments in parallel. The mi- crostructures exhibit minimal feature sizes of 30mum and a maximum aspect ratio of 1. The fluidic design of the disc enables lamination of nanoliter volumes of protein and crystallization solution (precipitant) in a crystallization chamber of minimum volume of 5 nL. The protein sample is loaded to the disc by a non-contact nL-dispenser with a minimal dosage volume of 1 nL and dead volume of only 500 nL. All liquid processing steps on the disc are accomplished by centrifugal forces caused by rotation of the disc. Up to 80mum large crystals of catalase, lysozyme, proteinase K and insulin, have been produced on the disc to demonstrate the proper performance. Subsequently the crystals have been analyzed in situ in an X-ray experiment without removing them from the disc.