Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A Blind Phase Compensation Method for Direct Spectrum Division Transmission

This paper introduces Direct Spectrum Division Transmission combined with a novel phase compensation method that offers improve frequency utilization efficiency. The proposed method divides a single-carrier modulated signal into multiple sub-spectra in the transmitter (Tx) side and assigns each sub-spectrum to an unused frequency slot. It combines them in the receiver (RX) side without phase distortion. To prevent phase discontinuity after spectrum combination due to propagation delay, we propose a novel phase compensator that estimates the phase difference between sub-spectra to compensate Rx sub-spectra; no specific frame pattern is required. A simulation shows that the degradation in required C/N is negligible. The results confirm that the proposed method realizes highly accurate phase compensation.
Mesorhizobium acaciae sp. nov., isolated from root nodules of Acacia melanoxylon R. Br.

Three novel strains, RITF741T, RITF1220 and RITF909, isolated from root nodules of Acacia melanoxylon in Guangdong Province of China, have been previously identified as members of the genus Mesorhizobium, displaying the same 16S rRNA gene RFLP pattern. Phylogenetic analysis of 16S rRNA gene sequences indicated that the three strains belong to the genus Mesorhizobium and had highest similarity (100.0 %) to Mesorhizobium plurifarium LMG 11892T. Phylogenetic analyses of housekeeping genes recA, atpD and glnII revealed that these strains represented a distinct evolutionary lineage within the genus Mesorhizobium. Strain RITF741T showed >73 % DNA–DNA relatedness with strains RITF1220 and RITF909, but < 60 % DNA–DNA relatedness with the closest type strains of recognized species of the genus Mesorhizobium. They differed from each other and from their closest phylogenetic neighbours by presence/absence of several fatty acids, or by large differences in the relative amounts of particular fatty acids. While showing distinctive features, they were generally able to utilize a wide range of substrates as sole carbon sources based on API 50CH and API 20NE tests. The three strains were able to form nodules with the original host Acacia melanoxylon and other woody legumes such as Acacia aneura, Albizia falcataria and Leucaena leucocephala. In conclusion, these strains represent a novel species belonging to the genus Mesorhizobium based on the data obtained in the present and previous studies, for which the name Mesorhizobium acaciae sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is RITF741T ( = CCBAU 101090T = JCM 30534T), the DNA G+C content of which is 64.1 mol% (T m).
Properties of Lectins in the Root and Seed of Lotononis bainesii.

A lectin was purified from the root of Lotononis bainesii Baker by affinity chromatography on Sepharose-blood group substance A + H. The molecular weight of the lectin was estimated by gel filtration to be 118,000. Sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis indicated that the lectin was a tetramer composed of two slightly different subunits with respective molecular weights of 32,000 and 35,000. The lectin had a hexose content of 12% (w/w) and contained the sugars fucose, glucosamine, mannose, and xylose. Root lectin hemagglutination was preferentially inhibited by disaccharides with terminal nonreducing galactose residues. Antigens capable of cross-reaction with root lectin antibody were not detected in the seed of L. bainesii.A lectin from the seed of L. bainesii was partially purified by adsorption to pronase-treated rabbit erythrocytes. The lectin preparation had a molecular weight of approximately 200,000. Galactose and galactono-1,4-lactone inhibited seed lectin hemagglutination but lactose was ineffective. There was no evidence that the root of L. bainesii contained material antigenically related to the seed lectin.
Unprecedented Rates and Efficiencies Revealed for New Natural Split Inteins from Metagenomic Sources*

Background: Hypothetical natural split inteins from environmental metagenomic sources were evaluated experimentally for the first time. Results: Four inteins showed the highest known reaction rates and efficiencies for protein trans-splicing and could be used efficiently for C-cleavage. Conclusion: These inteins pushed the catalytic limit of protein trans-splicing, although this was unpredictable from their primary sequence. Significance: These inteins hold great potential as versatile protein engineering tools. Inteins excise themselves out of precursor proteins by the protein splicing reaction and have emerged as valuable protein engineering tools in numerous and diverse biotechnological applications. Split inteins have recently attracted particular interest because of the opportunities associated with generating a protein from two separate polypeptides and with trans-cleavage applications made possible by split intein mutants. However, natural split inteins are rare and differ greatly in their usefulness with regard to the achievable rates and yields. Here we report the first functional characterization of new split inteins previously identified by bioinformatics from metagenomic sources. The N- and C-terminal fragments of the four inteins gp41-1, gp41-8, NrdJ-1, and IMPDH-1 were prepared as fusion constructs with model proteins. Upon incubation of complementary pairs, we observed trans-splicing reactions with unprecedented rates and yields for all four inteins. Furthermore, no side reactions were detectable, and the precursor constructs were consumed virtually quantitatively. The rate for the gp41-1 intein, the most active intein on all accounts, was k = 1.8 ± 0.5 × 10−1 s−1, which is ∼10-fold faster than the rate reported for the Npu DnaE intein and gives rise to completed reactions within 20–30 s. No cross-reactivity in exogenous combinations was observed. Using C1A mutants, all inteins were efficient in the C-terminal cleavage reaction, albeit at lower rates. C-terminal cleavage could be performed under a wide range of reaction conditions and also in the absence of native extein residues flanking the intein. Thus, these inteins hold great potential for splicing and cleavage applications.
Nonlinear optical response of low loss silicon germanium waveguides in the mid-infrared.

We have investigated the nonlinear optical response of low loss Si(0.6)Ge(0.4) / Si waveguides in the mid-infrared wavelength range from 3.25- 4. 75μm using picosecond optical pulses. We observed and measured the three and four-photon absorption coefficients as well as the Kerr nonlinear refractive index. The dynamics of the spectral broadening suggests that, in addition to multiphoton absorption, the corresponding higher order nonlinear refractive phenomena also needs to be included when high optical pulse intensities are used at mid-infrared wavelengths in this material.
Physician Office Visits for Low Back Pain: Frequency, Clinical Evaluation, and Treatment Patterns From a U.S. National Survey

Study Design. This study is an analysis of national survey data from 5 sample years. Objectives. The authors characterized the frequency of office visits for low back pain, the content of ambulatory care, and how these vary by physician specialty. Summary of Background Data. Few recent data are available regarding ambulatory care for low back pain or how case mix and patient management vary by physician specialty. Methods. Data from the National Ambulatory Medical Care Survey were grouped into three time periods (1980–81, 1985, 1989–90). Frequency of visits for low back pain, referral status, tests, and treatments were tabulated by physician speciatly. Results. There were almost 15 million office visity for “mechanical” low back pain in 1990, ranking this problem fifth as a reason for all physician visits. Low back pain accounted for 2.8 percent of office visity in all three time periods. Nonspecific diagnostic lables were most common, and 56 percent of visits were to primary care physicians. Specialty variations were observed in caseload, diagnostic mix, and management. Conclusion. Back pain remains a major reason for all physician office visity. This study describes visit, referral, and management patterns among specialties providing the most care.
Myristoyl-CoA:protein N-myristoyltransferase activity in cancer cells. Purification and characterization of a cytosolic isoform from the murine leukemia cell line L1210.

Myristoylation is a co-translational maturation process of proteins. It is extremely specific for the cosubstrate (myristoyl-CoA) and for the substrate protein that should bear a glycine at the N-terminus of the protein to be myristoylated. This acylation is catalyzed by the myristoyl-CoA:protein N-myristoyltransferase. Most of the molecular biochemistry and biology concerning this enzyme has been done on Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Because of the major importance of this pathway in several types of pathology, it is essential to study intensively the enzyme(s) isolated from mammalian tissue(s) to confirm that the enormous amount of work done on the yeast enzyme can be transposed to mammalian tissues. In earlier studies, we demonstrated the existence of a microsomal N-myristoyltransferase from the murine leukemia cell line L1210 [Boutin, J. A. , Clarenc, J.-P., Ferry, G. , Ernould, A. P., Remond, G. , Vincent, M. & Atassi, G. (1991) Eur. J. Biochem. 201, 257-263], a feature which is not shared by yeast, and examined the N-myristoyltransferase activities associated with L1210 cytosol. In the present work, we purified to homogeneity one of the isoforms (A) of the transferase from L1210 cytosol. The purified enzyme showed on SDS/PAGE an apparent molecular mass of 67.5 kDa, distinct from the 53-kDa yeast cytosolic enzyme. The purified enzyme from L1210 cytosol could be labeled with [14C]myristoyl-CoA. Rabbit antibodies were raised against the A isoform and used to immunoprecipitate the enzyme and immunoinhibit the activity from the same source. A survey of the specificity of the partially and completely purified isoforms was performed using peptides derived from the NH2-terminus of 42 proteins which are potential substrates for myristoylation, including oncogene products and virus structural proteins. We synthesized a series of compounds capable of inhibiting the cytosol activities of the enzyme. For example, a myristoyltetrahydroquinolein derivative showed an IC50 of about 0.1 microM. Based on both biophysical and biochemical evidence, the N-myristoyltransferases extracted from mammalian cell cytosols seem to be different from the extensively studied yeast enzyme.
Prospective des metamorphoses du systeme technique et management des ruptures technologiques

Notre incapacite a voir fenir les technologies nouvelles reside dans nos difficultes a comprendre la dynamique du systeme technique, a tenir compte de ses interdependances avec son environnement et a integrer, dans l'analyse, les motivations de ses acteurs. La prospective, telle qu'elle developpee jusqu'ici, bien qu'elle evite les erreurs de la prevision, en etant globale, qualitative et non deterministe, se limite quand elle prend la peine de faire appel a des experts (par le biais de la technique delphi), a accentuer leur objectivite et a gommer leurs divergences. Nous demontrons, dans cette these, grace a une etude portant sur un millier d'acteurs du systeme technique (que nous avons appeles "hommes de technologie") et sur une periode s'etalant sur les trois derniers siecles, que les comportements de ces hommes conditionnent les metamorphoses technologiques. Notre modele minest permet de canaliser l'information qualitative, tient compte des opinions, des rapports de force et des souhaits des acteurs du systeme. Il permet alors, en exploitant la richesse des divergences entre ces acteurs, d'ameliorer l'apprehension de l'evolution technologique et de generer dives scenarios de continuite et de rupture. Le decideur pourra alors favoriser l'avenement de son avenir souhaitable ou tout au moins se preparer a des avenirs qu'il aura pas choisis. Cette approche transforme la complexite et la turbulence du systeme technique en opportunites pour les inserer dans des strategies technologiques. L'application de minest porte sur la composante pharmaceutique des biotechnologies.
Intra-annual dynamics of non-structural carbohydrates in the cambium of mature conifer trees reflects radial growth demands.

The presence of soluble carbohydrates in the cambial zone, either from sugars recently produced during photosynthesis or from starch remobilized from storage organs, is necessary for radial tree growth. However, considerable uncertainties on carbohydrate dynamics and the consequences on tree productivity exist. This study aims to better understand the variation in different carbon pools at intra-annual resolution by quantifying how cambial zone sugar and starch concentrations fluctuate over the season and in relation to cambial phenology. A comparison between two physiologically different species growing at the same site, i.e., the evergreen Picea abies Karst. and the deciduous Larix decidua Mill. , and between L. decidua from two contrasting elevations, is presented to identify mechanisms of growth limitation. Results indicate that the annual cycle of sugar concentration within the cambial zone is coupled to the process of wood formation. The highest sugar concentration is observed when the number of cells in secondary wall formation and lignification stages is at a maximum, subsequent to most radial growth. Starch disappears in winter, while other freeze-resistant non-structural carbohydrates (NSCs) increase. Slight differences in NSC concentration between species are consistent with the differing climate sensitivity of the evergreen and deciduous species investigated. The general absence of differences between elevations suggests that the cambial activity of trees growing at the treeline was not limited by the availability of carbohydrates at the cambial zone but instead by environmental controls on the growing season duration.
High Power Density Design of 6-Slot–8-Pole Hybrid Excitation Flux Switching Machine for Hybrid Electric Vehicles

Over the last decade, many automotive companies have been commercializing hybrid electric vehicles (HEVs) as one of candidates for sustainable human life. Some of the recent HEVs employ electric propulsion systems using a combination of reduction gear and interior permanent magnet synchronous motors (IPMSM) operated by relatively high-speed more than 12 000 r/min, resulting in achieving high torque and power densities simultaneously. In the combination, since all rare-earth permanent magnets are embedded in its rotor core, a machine design of high-speed IPMSM tends to be difficult. This is due to a design confliction between keeping enough mechanical strength of the rotor core and bringing out better electromagnetic performances. To cope with this problem, this paper deals with a 6-slot-8-pole hybrid excitation flux switching machine, in which both permanent magnets and wound field excitation are employed as magnetomotive force sources. This machine has all active parts on the stator body and a rugged rotor structure similar to that of switched reluctance motor suitable for high-speed operation. Some design parameter refinements are conducted to the machine in order to elevate maximum torque capability and maximum power density as much as possible under given design requirements and constraints. As a result, it is demonstrated that the machine designed becomes a good candidate for the target HEV drive application.
Composite Tissue Allograft Extends a Helping Hand to Transplant Immunologists

The first successful human hand transplantation, performed on September 1998, has translated the scope of ‘composite tissue allotransplantation’ from research concepts into clinical practice. Beyond microsurgical problems that have been overcome several years ago, the main obstacle that still prevents the generalization of composite tissue allotransplantation is immunologic.
Trellis shaping based dirty paper coding scheme for the overlay cognitive radio channel

In this paper, we propose a dirty paper coding (DPC) scheme that uses trellis shaping for the overlay cognitive radio channel, where a cognitive user and a primary user transmit concurrently in the same spectrum. Interference of the primary user is assumed to be known at the cognitive transmitter non-causally. Based on this knowledge, the shaping code selection, as a key feature of the proposal, is introduced which enables the constellation to be self adaptively changed. The performance of our proposed scheme is compared using simulations with that based on the conventional trellis shaping and it achieves excellent tradeoff between performance and complexity.
Identification of L-plastin autoantibody in plasma of patients with non-Hodgkin's lymphoma using a proteomics-based analysis

Abstract Background The diagnosis of malignant lymphoma (ML) such as non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL) and Hodgkin's lymphoma (HL) was mainly performed by morphological examination and gene analysis. There are only a few serum/plasma biomarkers such as lactate dehydrogenase and soluble interleukin-2 receptor α to diagnose ML. The classifications are various, and therefore the cell surface markers using flow cytometry or lymph node biopsy have been examined. It is difficult, however, to distinguish the two diseases, NHL and HL, from each other. Methods In order to identify the haematological malignancy-associated autoimmunoreactivity (autoantibodies) in patients' plasma, a novel proteomics-based approach using electrophoresis/mass spectrometry was applied. Solubilized proteins from a Burkitt's lymphoma cell line (Raji) were separated by sodium dodecyl sulphate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and Western blotting analysis, in which the plasma of individual patients with haematological malignancies was tested for primary antibodies, followed by visualization with anti-IgG antibody conjugated with horseradish peroxidase. Results Two proteins, L-plastin and α-enolase, capable of reacting with the antibodies in plasma of patients with NHL, were detected using matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization/time-of-flight mass spectrometry and tandem mass spectrometry. The rates of the detections of an anti L-plastin autoantibody were significantly higher: 0.84 (21/25) in patients with NHL; 0.00 (0/4) in HL; 0.38 (5/13) in autoimmune diseases; 0.20 (2/10) in leukaemia; and 0.13 (1/8) in healthy controls. In contrast, those of anti α-enolase antibody were not specific to NHL. Conclusions We first identified autoantibody against L-plastin in plasma of patients with NHL, suggesting that the autoantibody can be a new diagnostic biomarker for NHL.
Design, Kinematics, and Control of a Multijoint Soft Inflatable Arm for Human-Safe Interaction

In this paper, a novel soft inflatable arm is proposed for telepresence robots. The new proposed structure of the arm is achieved by a very common and low-cost inflatable material and it is very light, weighing only about 50 g. However, it can realize agile movement by driving six tiny cables installed in the shoulder and elbow joints. The soft inflatable arm can work by pumping air at a very low pressure ($7.32 \pm 3.45$ kPa) and allows direct and soft human contact without any external force sensors. This paper proposes joint compressed models, joint kinematic models, and kinematic models for the whole inflatable robot arm. These models can be easily applied to multijoint arms. In addition, a new redundancy resolution method is also developed for the inflatable arm, which makes it easier to control resolution and is less complex than other traditional approaches. Numerous experiments have been conducted, including performances of accuracy, repeatability, motion trajectories, human-safe interaction, and remote interaction. Results are satisfactory and validate the expected performance of the proposed robotic arm.
Propofol Clearance and Distribution Volume Increase in Patients with Hyperthyroidism

We investigated propofol pharmacokinetics in seven hyperthyroid (Group H) and eight euthyroid (Group E) patients undergoing elective subtotal thyroidectomy.Anesthesia was induced with an IV injection of 2 mg/kg propofol and maintained with a continuous propofol infusion while ventilation was controlled with 60% nitrous oxide in oxygen. The propofol infusion rate was adjusted in the range of 4-10 mg [center dot] kg-1 [center dot] h-1 based on physiological signs such as heart rate and blood pressure. Arterial blood was sampled to measure the propofol concentration. The mean propofol infusion rates were higher in hyperthyroid than in patients with euthyroidism (median values Group H 10.0 mg [center dot] kg-1 [center dot] h-1, Group E 6.5 mg [center dot] kg-1 [center dot] h-1; P < 0.05), although the reverse was true for average propofol concentrations (Group H 1.8 [micro sign]g/mL, Group E 3.3 [micro sign]g/mL; P < 0.05). Group H also had higher values for propofol clearance (5.1 L/min versus 2.5 L/min; P < 0.05) and distribution volume at steady state (10.0 L/kg versus 2.8 L/kg; P < 0.05). Because distribution volume and clearance in patients with hyperthyroidism were increased, propofol concentrations could not reach anesthetic levels. Implications: Propofol decreases heart rate and blood pressure, which are desirable properties for anesthesia in patients with hyperthyroidism. However, because clearance and distribution volume of propofol are increased, propofol infusion rates had to be increased to reach anesthetic blood concentrations. (Anesth Analg 1998;87:195-9)
Analyse de la diversité bactérienne d'un sol contaminé de la zone d'exclusion de Tchernobyl et caractérisation de l'intéraction engagée par une souche de Microbactérium avec l'uranium

Les accidents nucleaires des centrales de Tchernobyl et de Fukushima rendent primordial la comprehension des transferts de la contamination radioactive dans l'environnement et de ses consequences ecologiques. Bien que certaines etudes aient ete realisees sur les organismes superieurs, trop peu ont etudie les communautes bacteriennes telluriques, qui jouent pourtant un role essentiel dans la mobilite des contaminants dans les sols en diminuant ou en ameliorant leur transfert vers d'autres compartiments (eau, vegetaux, animaux). Cependant, les radionucleides (RNs) peuvent avoir des effets toxiques sur les bacteries, entrainant une inhibition de leur role dans ce transfert. Les objectifs de cette etude etaient (1) d'evaluer l'impact d’une contamination radioactive sur les communautes bacteriennes d’un sol de la zone d’exclusion de Tchernobyl (sol de la tranchee n°22) et (2) d’etudier les interactions bacterie-uranium pour une souche resistante, isolee a partir de ce sol.
Membrane proteins specified by herpes simplex viruses. III. Role of glycoprotein VP7(B2) in virion infectivity

Experiments done with a temperature"sensitive mutant of herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) have revealed that one of the virisn glycoproteins, designated VP7(B2), is apparently not required for the production of enveloped virus particles, whereas it does play a critical role in virion infectivity. The mutant, designated HSV-1[HFEM]tsB5, fails to accumulate VP7(B2) at nonpermissive temperature and produces virions that lack detectable quantities of this glycoprotein and that have very low specific infectivity. The poor infectivity of the virions is most readily explained by failure of penetration into the host cell rather than by failure of adsorption to cells because it was shown that the VP7(B2)-deficient virions can bind to cells and that polyethylene glycol, an agent known to promote membrane fusion, can significantly enhance infectivity of the adsorbed virions.