Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Density Profiles of 51 Galaxies from Parameter-Free Inverse Models of their Measured Differential Rotation

Spiral galaxies and their rotation curves have key characteristics of differentially spinning objects. Oblate spheroid shapes are a consequence of spin and reasonably describe galaxies, indicating that their matter is distributed in gravitationally interacting homeoidal shells. Previously published equations describing differentially spinning oblate spheroids with radially varying density are here applied to 51 galaxies, mostly spirals. A constant volumetric density (, kg m-3) is assumed for each thin homeoid in these formulae, after Newton, which is consistent with RC being reported simply as a function of equatorial radius r. We construct parameter-free inverse models that uniquely specify mass inside any given r, and thus directly constrain  vs. r solely from velocity v(r) and galactic aspect ratios (assumed as 1:10 when data are unavailable). Except for their innermost zones,  is proven to be closely proportional to rn, where n for all 36 spirals studied equals -1.80±0.40. Our values for interior densities compare closely with independently measured baryon density in appropriate astronomical environments: for example, calculated  at galactic edges agrees with estimated  of intergalactic media (IGM). Our finding that central densities increase with galaxy size is consistent with behavior exhibited by diverse self-gravitating entities. Our calculated mass distributions are consistent with visible luminosity and require no non-baryonic component. Empirical luminosity-velocity relationships for galaxies, such as the Tully-Fisher rule, originate in Newtonian physics.
Tuberculosis Treatment Outcomes at a University Hospital in Senegal: A Retrospective Study of 1030 Cases

Introduction: Determining treatment outcomes is a key component of the fight against tuberculosis. This has become even more important with the emergence of multidrug resistant TB. The objective of this study was to determine the outcomes of patients treated for tuberculosis within the National Program for the Fight Against Tuberculosis (NTP) in Senegal. Methods: We conducted a retrospective cohort study involving all patients treated for tuberculosis in the Department of Infectious Diseases at the Fann University Hospital in Senegal from January 1, 2011 to December 31, 2014. Data were entered and analysed using the software Epi-Info 3.7. 1. The Chi-square test was used to compare treatment outcomes in 2011 versus 2014. Results: Data were collected for 1030 cases of tuberculosis. Pulmonary (49%), lymphatic (15.9%) and neuromeningeal tuberculosis (11.7%) were the main sites of involvement. The mean weight gain was 5.3 ± 4 kg. TB treatment outcomes were distributed as follows: 504 (49%) treatment success, 278 (27%) deaths, 103 (10%) lost to follow-up, 143 (13.9%) transferred out and 1 (0.1%) failed. The therapeutic success rate fluctuated from 45.4% to 59.5% between 2011 and 2014 (p=0.07). The proportion of patients lost to follow-up decreased significantly from 15.3% to 3.5% (p<0.001). However, mortality increased from 22% to 31% (p=0.001). Conclusion: Tuberculosis treatment success rate within this hospital population remains low. Early detection of tuberculosis and HIV is the key point to improve outcome treatment. *Corresponding author: Louise Fortes Déguénonvo, Department of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, University Hospital Center of Fann, Dakar, Senegal Tel: +00221775595333; E-mail: louisefortes@yahoo.fr Received: June 20, 2019; Accepted: July 16, 2019; Published: July 22, 2019 Citation: Déguénonvo LF, Diallo VMPC, Lakhe NA , Mbaye KD , Ka D, et al. (2019) Tuberculosis Treatment Outcomes at a University Hospital in Senegal: A Retrospective Study of 1030 Cases. J Infect Dis Med 4: 135. Copyright: © 2019 Deguenonvo LF, et al. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. (AFB) highlighting bacilli in specimen smears using Ziehl Nielsen staining, the presence of Mycobacterium tuberculosis in pathological material following culture on Löwenstein-Jensen, or by GenXpert. In the absence of confirmation, the diagnosis was made by the physician based on a set of standardized clinical criteria suggestive of tuberculosis.
Validation and Application of Reliability Analysis of Soil Slopes Using a Global Optimization Method

The validation and application of a new method for analyzing slope stability problems, which simultaneously locates the critical slip surface and the reliability index of a slope, is presented in this paper. The method allows both circular and non-circular slip surfaces to be analysed. The soil properties are considered as random variables and translated into polar coordinates, with which the reliability index of the slope can be formulated as a function of soil properties and the slip surface. The determination of the reliability index of a slope is solved using a global optimization technique. The validation proves the method to be computationally more efficient than a Monte Carlo simulation. When applied to the back-analysis of a railway embankment slope failure, where traditional deterministic approaches return factors of safety greater than unity, it successfully predicted the shape of the failure surface, and indicated poor overall reliability.
Endozoochory by the Guatemalan Black Iguana, Ctenosaura palearis (Iguanidae), as a germination trigger for the Organ Pipe Cactus Stenocereus pruinosus (Cactaceae)

Ctenosaura palearis is an endangered iguana endemic to dry forest in the Motagua Valley in Guatemala. In this study we assess the effect of consumption by C. palearis on the seed germination rate of the Pitayo Organ Pipe Cactus (Stenocereus pruinosus). We conducted in vitro germination experiments involving three different treatments and a control. The differences in germination percentage were extremely significant among all the treatments (P < 0.0001). The iguana-ingested seeds had the highest germination percentage (26.1%). Considering that seed germination in S. pruinosus is positively affected by ingestion by C. palearis, we suggest that C. palearis might be an effective seed disperser for S. pruinosus, and thus would play a fundamental role on the seed dispersal ecosystem service in the dry forest of the Motagua Valley, Guatemala.
Effects of Nitrogen Levels on Striga Infestation and Grain Yield of Extra-early Maize (Zea mays L.) in a Nigerian Northern Guinea Savanna

Low soil N and Striga hermonthica parasitism limit maize production in the northern Guinea savanna Zone of Nigeria. Field experiments were conducted during 2005 and 2006 rainy seasons to determine the influence of N fertilization on Striga infestation and grain yield of an extra-early maize variety (95 TZEE-W). The site was naturally infested with S. hermonthica due to sorghum seed multiplication at the site over the years. A randomized complete block design (RCBD) was used with 4 nitrogen levels: 0, 30, 60 and 90 kg ha, replicated 4 times. The maize variety 95 TZEE-W was sown at 75 × 50 cm with two plants per stand. The N status of the soil was moderate, but organic matter content and basic cations ranged from moderate to very low. Increase in N levels increased plant height, number of leaves plant, leaf area, leaf area index, cob weight and grain yield ha, while Striga counts ha were reduced by the application of 60 and 90kg N ha. Striga count ha was higher in 2005, which recorded lower rainfall than in 2006, while the photosynthetic parameters and grain yield ha were higher in 2006 than in 2005. Grain yield ha was positively correlated with plant height, number of leaves, leaf area, leaf area index, and cob weight, and negatively correlated with Striga count ha. Striga count ha was also negatively correlated with plant height and the leaf parameters. Although the N status of the soil was moderate, application of 60 and 90 kg N ha suppressed Striga emergence, increased the photosynthetic parameters, and increased grain yield of maize. However, increasing the N level beyond 90 kg N ha may further reduce Striga infestation and increase grain yield beyond the 5.4 tons ha realized in the present study. _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________
National Culture and Organizational Learning

The paper studies the influence of national culture on organizations' preferences regarding selection amongst forms of organizational knowledge and character of organizational learning processes. The goal of the paper is to generate some new hypothesis about the possible influence of national culture on organizational learning based on Hofstede's concept of cultural dimensions and Nonaka's concept of forms and processes of organizational learning. Previous studies have shown that it is reasonable to assume that individualism and masculine values within national culture imply preference in favour of explicit knowledge and externalization and combination as forms of organizational learning. Collectivism and feminine values in national culture imply preference toward tacit knowledge along with socialization and internalization as forms of organizational learning.
Increased risk of acute pancreatitis occurrence in smokers with rs5751901 polymorphisms in GGT1 gene

Objectives: The study was aimed to assess γ‑glutamyltransferase (GGT) activity and concentration as a marker of oxidative stress induced by exposure to tobacco smoke in acute pancreatitis (AP) course. Examination of the relationship between GGT activity/concentration and single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP rs5751901 and rs2236626) in GGT1 gene was performed. Subjects and methods: We examined SNPs in 38 AP patients and 51 healthy subjects by PCR-RFLP methods. GGT concentration in blood was measured with the use of the ELISA method; GGT activity and GSH concentration were measured by the Szasz and Patterson methods, respectively. Results: In the non-AP smokers group with TC genotype for SNPrs5751901 an increased blood GGT activity compared to smokers with CC genotypes was shown. In the course of AP was observed an elevated GGT activity and the value of GGT activity/GGT concentration ratio in smokers compared to non-smokers, in AP patients with TC genotypes and CC genotypes, respectively, for both SNP: rs5751901 and rs2236626. In the group of smoking AP patients with the CC and TC genotypes in rs5751901 locus and CC and TT genotypes in rs2236626 locus a decreases in GSH concentration during hospitalization were noted. Conclusions: SNP rs5751901 and rs2236626 cause changes in GGT activity. Smoking in the AP course contributes to increased GGT activity and excessive GSH use up in patients with TC and CC genotypes for both SNPs. Exposure to smoke xenobiotics enhances (3-fold) the risk of AP occurrence in individuals with TC genotypes for SNP rs5751901.
Targeting Age-Dependent Functional and Metabolic Decline of Human Skeletal Muscle: The Geroprotective Role of Exercise, Myokine IL-6, and Vitamin D

In the elderly, whole-body health largely relies on healthy skeletal muscle, which controls body stability, locomotion, and metabolic homeostasis. Age-related skeletal muscle structural/functional deterioration is associated with a higher risk of severe comorbid conditions and poorer outcomes, demanding major socioeconomic costs. Thus, the need for efficient so-called geroprotective strategies to improve resilience and ensure a good quality of life in older subjects is urgent. Skeletal muscle senescence and metabolic dysregulation share common cellular/intracellular mechanisms, potentially representing targets for intervention to preserve muscle integrity. Many factors converge in aging, and multifaceted approaches have been proposed as interventions, although they have often been inconclusive. Physical exercise can counteract aging and metabolic deficits, not only in maintaining tissue mass, but also by preserving tissue secretory function. Indeed, skeletal muscle is currently considered a proper secretory organ controlling distant organ functions through immunoactive regulatory small peptides called myokines. This review provides a current perspective on the main biomolecular mechanisms underlying age-dependent and metabolic deterioration of skeletal muscle, herein discussed as a secretory organ, the functional integrity of which largely depends on exercise and myokine release. In particular, muscle-derived interleukin (IL)-6 is discussed as a nutrient-level biosensor. Overall, exercise and vitamin D are addressed as optimal geroprotective strategies in view of their multi-target effects.
A Review on Preparatory Processes of Bamboo Fibres for Textile Applications

This review addresses the potential wet processing techniques for textile fibre extraction, mainly centering on bamboo, one of the most important and newly developed textile natural fibres. The literature survey revealed that although some reports are available on the use of these extracts on different textile substrates viz. cotton, wool, nylon, silk, polyester etc., but yet reports concerning the use on Bamboo fibre/fabric is scanty. Natural bamboo fibers have excellent properties suggesting that there is a good potential for them to be used in textiles; however, they have not received the attention that they deserve owing to their coarse and stiff quality. The high lignin content of the fibre is the major cause of its stiffness. A Review on Preparatory Processes of Bamboo Fibres for Textile Applications Varinder Kaur1*, Chattopadhyay DP2, Satindar Kaur3, Sachin Kumar Godara1, Sanyog Sharma1, Simran Kaur1, Amanjit kaur1 and Saurabh Garg4 1Department of Chemistry, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, India 2Department of Textile Chemistry, MS University of Baroda, India 3Department of Chemistry, Sri Guru Granth Sahib World University, Fatehgarh Sahib, India 4Department of Textile Design, National Institute of Fashion Technology, Kangra, India *Corresponding author: Varinder Kaur, Assistant Professor, Department of Chemistry, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, Punjab, India, Tel: +919888504121; E-mail: varinder_gndu@yahoo.com Received March 26, 2019; Accepted May 03, 2019; Published May 10, 2019 Citation: Kaur V, Chattopadhyay DP, Kaur S, Godara SK, Sharma S, et al. (2019) A Review on Preparatory Processes of Bamboo Fibres for Textile Applications. J Textile Sci Eng 9: 398. Copyright: © 2019 Kaur V, et al. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.
Assessment of the individual thyroid dose for children included in the cohort of the Belarusian-American study

A long-term cohort study of thyroid diseases among the exposed Belarusian population (who were children under 18 years old at the time of the Chernobyl accident of April 26, 1986) has been carried out in Belarus by Belarusian, American, and Russian scientists since the middle of 1990s. All cohort subjects, approximately 12,000, were randomly selected from about 40,000 children whose thyroids were monitored for gamma radiation within a few weeks after the accident. This measurement was the basis for an estimate of the thyroidal content of I at the time of the measurement. Thyroid dose due to I intake was then derived from the thyroidal content of I at that time, using personal information on residence history and dietary habits obtained during interviews, and models simulating the behaviour of I in the environment and in the body. Preliminary estimates of individual thyroid dose for all Belarusian people with thyroids monitored for gamma radiation were assessed by 1996 based on the processed results of the thyroid monitoring and the results of brief interviews conducted in contaminated Belarusian areas in 1988. At present, all cohort subjects have been reinterviewed using a specially developed questionnaire, which is more detailed. Current estimates of individual thyroid dose from I are calculated based on: revision of the estimates of the thyroidal content of I at the time of the measurement, after considering detector response and surface contamination of the subject in more detail; clarification of the kinetics of radioiodine intake to the individual using the data from the personal interviews. The current estimates of individual thyroid doses from I and the uncertainties in the dose estimates are presented. Results of analyses to explain discrepancies between preliminary and current estimates are reported.
Exploration of Visual Self-presentation and Friendship Networking on Facebook from the Perspective of Life History Theory

Life History Theory (LHT) is a mid-level theory derived from a general evolutionary theory. According to this theory, an individual’s life experiences influence individuals to adopt certain behavioural and relational strategies that govern the allocation of energy and resources. Those that invest in longevity and parenting are considered slow Life History (LH) strategists, while those that invest in obtaining many sexual partners are considered fast LH strategists. In order to test this theory in modern societies, LH theorists have relied on selfreports. Therefore, research into the relationship between LH strategy and human behaviour is limited. Facebook provides a new way to test real world behaviour. This study specifically looks at self-presentation through the use of profile pictures, and patterns of friendship networks. Profile pictures were analysed using a LH strategy variable. This variable, as well as mating effort, was used when analysing aspects of friendship networks. Findings suggest that LH strategy is a significant predictor of the content of a person’s profile picture, as well as the success of the picture. It was also found that an interaction between LH strategy and mating effort significantly predicts number of friends. By analysing two new phenomena, this study has added to previous knowledge on LH strategy.
The “Topic Time” in the Narrations of Chinese Learners of French Foreign Language: Extended or Not?

This article aims to analyze the topic time (Klein, 1994) expressed by Chinese learners of French foreign language in narrations. Chinese and French belong to two different temporal-aspectual systems. Sun (2008) considers that Chinese learners of French conceptualize extended topic time with the influence of their mother language, in which the temporal mark is very flexible. In French, Chinese learners will also have an extended conception of topic time, so that they reorganize events by using simultaneous order. In this paper, the extended topic time is only found when the situation is 2-phase with the « DANG.DE SHIHOU » structure, and that is because of the characteristic of distinguish phase in Chinese. Other types of reorganization of temporal relations in Sun (2008)’s research are not confirmed in our paper.
High-fidelity time-Stepping for reverse-time migration

As a result of the numerical performance of finite-difference operators, reverse-time migration (RTM) images are typically low frequency. This occurs because finite-difference operators must be oversampled to control numerical dispersion. We consider a high-fidelity time-stepping equation based on the Fourier transform, which is exact if an aliasing condition is met. The technique is adapted to variable velocity using a localized Fourier transform (Gabor transform). The feasibility of using the time-stepping equation for RTM is demonstrated by studying its stability properties, its impulse response, and by migrating a synthetic example of a salt dome. We show that a high frequency wavefield can be time stepped with no loss and with a much larger time step than commonly used.
The Correlation between Intelligence and Competitive Activities of Elite Female Handball Players

Performing complex tactical routines in handball, in variable game situations, necessary displaying an understanding the actions and movements requires a great deal of athlete’s intellectual readiness. Aim: to investigate the influence of intellectual qualities on the efficiency of elite female handball players’ competitive activity. Materials and methods: the study was conducted on the basis of women team of Super League, bronze medalist of the Handball Championship of Ukraine. In accordance with the aim, using the Culture Free Intellect Test (CFIT) and INTEST computer test, the level of intellectual qualities of female handball players was investigated. Using developed by coaching staff of Handball Club (HC) “Dnipryanka” team methods for determining useful activities, the features and efficiency of handball players' playing functions were studied and the correlation between these indexes was determined. Experimental study was conducted during the 2018-2019 season. Results: it was found that according to CFIT method the highest result in intellectual qualities backs showed – 95 points, centres – 92 points, wings showed satisfactory level – 89 points, and average IQ of the team was within 92 points. According to the results of the INTEST there is substantial advantage in logical and operational thinking demonstration, namely the backs showed 100 %, pivots also showed 100 % and centres 95 %. The backs were slightly lower in efficiency. The effectiveness of competitive activity in the team was following: the most effective players are wings (9.5 points), virtually the same result was shown by pivots (9.4 points) (8,9 %) and centres (7,8 points). Goalkeepers’ efficiency ratio was 7,5 points. Conclusions: it was found that there is the correlation between level of intellectual qualities development and competitive activity efficiency of elite female handball players. Backs have the highest correlation between IQ indexes according to CFIT and efficiency of competitive activity (r=0,765), but centres have the highest correlation relations between indexes of competitive activity efficiency and associative (r=0,616) and operational (r=0,818) thinking. The goalkeepers to play effectively need high level of abstract thinking (r=0,702). The correlation between efficiency of the performing competitive activities and intellectual qualities display of the other positions is minor.
First order multi-lane traffic flow model – an incentive based macroscopic model to represent lane change dynamics

ABSTRACT Unbalanced lane usage on motorways might lead to the reduction in capacity of the motorway. Lane-level traffic management present new opportunities to balance the lane-flow distribution and help reduce congestion. In order to come up with efficient traffic management strategies on a lane-level, there is a need for accurate lane-specific traffic state estimation models. This paper presents a first-order lane-level traffic flow model. The proposed model differs from the existing models in the following areas: (i) incentive-based motivation for lane changes and consideration of downstream conditions (ii) transfer of lateral flows among cells. The model is tested against real-world data. It is observed that the model is able to capture the lane-level dynamics in terms of the lane flow distribution. The model results are compared to a linear regression model and results show that the developed model performs better than the regression model on the test sections.