Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
NL in NL: Neoliberalism in development cooperation of the Netherlands in the sphere of water

The following paper is a theoretical research of the Dutch development cooperation and the way world-wide tendency for neoliberalism is manifested in the foreign policy of the Netherlands. The interest for this topic was sparked by the Aid for Trade agenda adopted by the Dutch government, which reveals the tensions between the self-interest and moral motivations of the country. Selection of water as the case is not random – the Dutch are famous for their water governance model and water management skills and expertise. The paper discusses how the instalment of water as a key development spearhead in the Dutch development policy, the heritage of water and the fact that it is perceived as a part of the Dutch national identity is affecting the direction the current development policy is heading. It problematises neoliberalisation of the Dutch development cooperation, which uses market logic in providing global public goods such as water in accordance with the issues posed by climate change. Adopting a qualitative methodological perspective, the author analyses key documents in the Dutch development and water policies and conducts a series of interviews with government officials, practitioners, consultants and academics in the sphere of Dutch water governance. The findings reveal that the foreign policy in the Netherlands, in particular in the field of water, is heavily affected by the “deep marketisation”, which has had impact on how the country’s relationship with the recipient countries is forming and the way the private and public sectors operate. In addition, the findings reveal that water has become something much bigger than just water management for the Dutch, they are using it as a strategic tool to solve issues like economic crisis, immigration and climate change while trying to capitalise on their knowledge at the same time.
DI-CINEPLEX: ENTERTAINMENT AND CINEMA COMPLEX

Humans need entertainment to balance their stressful lifestyle. Normal life can be stressful, thus people need to relax to achieve a healthy lifestyle. Reducing stress with a good distraction such as entertainment or sports can drain the negative emotions. After some relax activities, humans will feel more relaxed and passive. This study aims to facilitate the balance lifestyle among the Arabian, thus proposed a project of entertainment and cinema complex in Beirut, Saudi Arabia. Several similar case studies were covered as the fundamental for the design idea. The space program of the project consists of twelve zones namely main entrance and reception halls, administration, maintenances, labour area, main cores and emergency exists, cinemas, facilities, warehouses, multi-storey parking, bike parking, outdoor stage and marina. The site located is selected based on the site evaluation criteria of accessibility, views, climatic, surrounding, visibility, supporting amenities, security, noise and distractions. The design concept of the complex is inspired by the concept of motion.
Two New Rupicolous Species of Chresta (Asteraceae, Vernonieae) from the Brazilian Caatinga

Abstract Two new rupicolous and endangered species from the Caatinga are described and illustrated. Chresta heteropappa is restricted to the brejos de altitude (montane forests) from Northeastern Ceará, growing on granite inselbergs. Chresta subverticillata occurs in Northern Bahia, inhabiting quartzitic outcrops on the Chapada Diamantina mountain range. Relationships of the two new taxa to other Chresta species are discussed, and a key for all species occurring in the Caatinga domain is presented, as well as maps and illustrations, including field pictures.
An ANOVA-Based Fault Diagnosis Approach for Variable Frequency Drive-Fed Induction Motors

In this article, an analysis of variance (ANOVA)-based fault diagnosis approach using experimental data is proposed for variable frequency drive (VFD)-fed induction motors. Line-to-neutral voltages at the motor terminal and the stator currents, measured from two identical 0.25 HP three-phase squirrel-cage induction motors fed by a voltage source inverter-based low-voltage VFD under healthy and faulty cases, are evaluated. Harmonic spectra of the measured voltage and current are obtained by Discrete Fast Fourier Transform (DFFT). Through the coherence and magnitude consistency analysis, the fundamental and 5th harmonic of the stator current are chosen as “signature frequency components. ” ANOVA along with the multiway analysis are then applied to signature frequency components, their mean and standard deviation are identified as “fault signatures”; and the p-value from the inter-group analysis of the mean and standard deviation is used to classify faults. To facilitate fault diagnosis for untested motor operating conditions, formulas to calculate fault signatures are derived by surface fitting using tested data.
RNA polymerases display collaborative and antagonistic group behaviors over long distances through DNA supercoiling

Transcription by RNA polymerases (RNAPs) is essential for cellular life. Genes are often transcribed by multiple RNAPs. While the properties of individual RNAPs are well appreciated, it remains less explored whether group behaviors can emerge from co-transcribing RNAPs under most physiological levels of gene expression. Here, we provide evidence in Escherichia coli that well-separated RNAPs can exhibit collaborative and antagonistic group dynamics. Co-transcribing RNAPs translocate faster than a single RNAP, but the density of RNAPs has no significant effect on their average speed. When a promoter is inactivated, RNAPs that are far downstream from the promoter slow down and experience premature dissociation, but only in the presence of other co-transcribing RNAPs. These group behaviors depend on transcription-induced DNA supercoiling, which can also mediate inhibitory dynamics between RNAPs from neighboring divergent genes. Our findings suggest that transcription on topologically-constrained DNA, a norm across organisms, can provide an intrinsic mechanism for modulating the speed and processivity of RNAPs over long distances according to the promoter’s on/off state.
Fairness-Efficiency Scheduling for Cloud Computing With Soft Fairness Guarantees

Fairness and efficiency are two important metrics for users in modern data center computing system. Due to the heterogeneous resource demands of CPU, memory, and network I/O for users’ tasks, it cannot achieve the strict 100 percent fairness and the maximum efficiency at the same time. Existing fairness-efficiency schedulers (e.g., Tetris) can balance such a tradeoff elastically by relaxing fairness constraint for improved efficiency using the knob. However, their approaches are <italic>unaware</italic> of fairness degradation under different knob configurations, which makes several drawbacks. First, it cannot tell how much <italic>relaxed</italic> fairness can be guaranteed given a knob value. Second, it fails to meet several essential properties such as sharing incentive. To address these issues, we propose a new fairness-efficiency scheduler, <italic>QKnober</italic>, to balance the fairness and efficiency elastically and flexibly using a tunable fairness knob. QKnober is a <italic>fairness-sensitive</italic> scheduler that can maximize the system efficiency while guaranteeing the <inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\theta$</tex-math><alternatives><mml:math><mml:mi>θ</mml:mi></mml:math><inline-graphic xlink:href="tang-ieq1-3021084.gif"/></alternatives></inline-formula>-soft fairness by modeling the whole allocation as a combination of <italic>fairness-oriented</italic> allocation and <italic>efficiency-oriented</italic> allocation. Moreover, QKnober satisfies fairness properties of sharing incentive, envy-freeness and pareto efficiency given a proper knob value. We have implemented QKnober in YARN and evaluated it using both testbed and simulated experiments. The results show that QKnober outperforms its alternatives DRF and Tetris by 31.2 and 4.5 percent, respectively.
Detection of Efflux MexAB-associated Multidrug Resistant (MDR) Pseudomonas aeruginosa Isolated from Patients in Torbat Heydarie, Northeast Iran

Aims of the study : Pseudomonas aeruginosa ( P. aeruginosa ) is one of the leading causes of hospital acquired infections. Infections with P. aeruginosa are often hard to treat because of existence of different mechanisms of antibiotic resistance changes in permeability of drugs and activity multidrug efflux pumps . The aim of current study was to determine the antibiotic resistance pattern of P. aeruginosa and existence of efflux pump MexAB genes using PCR technique. Materials and Methods: 506 isolates cultured from different clinical specimens of patients hospitalized at Nohom Dey and Razi hospitals of Torbat Heydarie (northeast Iran) were collected and used in this study. Isolates were identified using conventional bacteriology and their susceptibility to different antibiotics were assessed using agar disk diffusion method. The PCR assay was used to detect efflux pump MexAB genes. Results: From 506 isolates, 50 were identified as P. aeruginosa and these were isolated from isolated from blood, tracheal, burn, and wound. Incidence of P. aeruginosa was greater in males than females , wound infections had the highest number of occurrence and patients between 30-50 years were the most infected age group. In total, 60.86% of strains were multidrug resistant (MDR). The PCR technique revealed that most of the P. aeruginosa isolates and all the MDR strains contained MexA and MexB genes. Conclusions: The emergence of MDR microorganisms poses serious therapeutic problems for patients. Determining bacterial resistance mechanisms is complex. In this way, efflux systems were responsible for antibiotic resistance and played an important role in the MDR phenotype among P. aeruginosa isolates.
Complex cell-state changes revealed by single cell RNA sequencing of 76,149 microglia throughout the mouse lifespan and in the injured brain

Microglia, the resident immune cells of the brain, rapidly change states in response to their environment, but we lack molecular and functional signatures of different microglial populations. In this study, we analyzed the RNA expression patterns of more than 76,000 individual microglia during development, old age and after brain injury. Analysis uncovered at least nine transcriptionally distinct microglial states, which expressed unique sets of genes and were localized in the brain using specific markers. The greatest microglial heterogeneity was found at young ages; however, several states - including chemokine-enriched inflammatory microglia - persisted throughout the lifespan or increased in the aged brain. Multiple reactive microglial subtypes were also found following demyelinating injury in mice, at least one of which was also found in human MS lesions. These unique microglia signatures can be used to better understand microglia function and to identify and manipulate specific subpopulations in health and disease.
Breakfast habits, physical activities, and overweight in elementary school children

Background: Overweight occurs as a result of higher energy intake compared to energy expenditure. Many people often underestimate about factors that can lead to overweight, such as bad breakfast habits and low physical activity in elementary school children. Objectives: The purpose of this study is to determine a correlation between breakfast habits and physical activity of students in elementary school with overweight. Methods: This study was an observational study with a cross-sectional design with 130 of the students and tests of the significance level of 95% (α=0.05). Breakfast habits data obtained using a validated questionnaire, physical activity data collection using the PAQ-C (Physical Activity Questionnaire for Children) and nutritional status data were taken by weighing and measuring height then classified using BMI-for-age indicators. Results: The result of the analysis using a chi-square test showed that there was a correlation between breakfast habits and overweight (p=0.009) and there was a correlation between physical activity with overweight (p=0.000). Conclusions: The conclusion, there are correlations between breakfast habits and physical activity with overweight among primary school children.
In-Motion Initial Alignment Using State-Dependent Extended Kalman Filter for Strapdown Inertial Navigation System

The in-motion alignment of the strapdown inertial navigation system (SINS) is still a challenging problem due to the complex environmental changes that occur during carrier movement. This article proposes a novel initial alignment method by integrating the advantages of the Special Orthogonal Group of order 3 [<inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$SO\left ({{3} }\right)$ </tex-math></inline-formula>] representation and the optimal attitude estimation alignment idea. In this method, the <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">${SO}\left ({{3} }\right)$ </tex-math></inline-formula> is used to represent the initial attitude matrix, and the optimal attitude estimation alignment model is established by analyzing the influence of the sensor error during the calculation process. Next, state-dependent extended Kalman filter is investigated by mapping the <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$SO\left ({{3} }\right)$ </tex-math></inline-formula> equations to the Lie algebra space, and the Lagrange formula is used to separate the state-dependent errors in the Lie algebraic filtering equation. The simulation and experimental results indicate that the proposed initial alignment method can achieve better alignment accuracy and shorter alignment time than existing methods and can fulfill the in-motion alignment tasks for SINSs in various environments.
Regulation of C. elegans behavior and physiology by the hypoxia-response pathway

The transcriptional response controlling adaptation to internal and environmental hypoxia is broadly conserved in animals. The key mediator of this response is the transcription factor HIF (hypoxiainducible factor), which is active only in hypoxia due to the function of its negative regulators, the prolyl hydroxylase EGLN and the E3 ubiquitin ligase complex recognition subunit pVHL. HIF drives transcription of hundreds of targets that promote hypoxia adaptation. Recent work has also described important and broad roles for HIF outside of the traditional hypoxia response, including functions in immunity, oxidative and other stress responses, and behavior; how HIF targets drive these aspects of animal physiology is poorly understood. In this dissertation, I describe genetic analyses of the nematode C. elegans that have provided insight into the function of HIF targets in regulating animal physiology and behavior. The EGLN family was defined by the C. elegans homolog, EGL-9. Prior to the identification of EGL-9 as a HIF hydroxylase, our laboratory discovered the egl-9 gene from studies of egg-laying behavior. egl-9 loss-of-function mutants, in which HIF is constitutively active, are egg-laying defective; the mechanism regulating egg laying downstream of HIF has been unknown. From a screen for suppressors of the egl-9(lf) egg-laying defect, we identified the gene cyp-36A1, which encodes a cytochrome P450 enzyme and is likely a direct transcriptional target of HIF. In addition to modulating egg-laying behavior downstream of HIF, CYP-36A1 controls expression of more than a third of HIFupregulated genes and regulates multiple stress responses. A screen for suppressors of cyp-36A1(lf) identified the nuclear hormone receptor NHR-46. We propose that CYP-36A1 functions as a hormone biosynthetic enzyme for the ligand of this receptor, thus mediating gene expression changes that alter stress physiology and behavior. We also found site-of-action and genetic evidence for at least one additional pathway acting downstream of EGL-9 and HIF-1 to regulate egg-laying behavior. These studies have identified novel HIF effectors that broadly affect physiology and behavior in C. elegans, and reveal new avenues for future work on regulation of HIF-controlled biology. Thesis Supervisor: Dr. H. Robert Horvitz Title: Professor of Biology
Joint Flight Cruise Control and Data Collection in UAV-Aided Internet of Things: An Onboard Deep Reinforcement Learning Approach

Employing unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) as aerial data collectors in Internet-of-Things (IoT) networks is a promising technology for large-scale environment sensing. A key challenge in UAV-aided data collection is that UAV maneuvering gives rise to buffer overflow at the IoT node and unsuccessful transmission due to lossy airborne channels. This article formulates a joint optimization of flight cruise control and data collection schedule to minimize network data loss as a partially observable Markov decision process (POMDP), where the states of individual IoT nodes can be obscure to the UAV. The problem can be optimally solvable by reinforcement learning, but suffers from the curse of dimensionality and becomes rapidly intractable with the growth in the number of IoT nodes. In practice, a UAV-aided IoT network contains a large number of network states and actions in POMDP while the up-to-date knowledge is not available at the UAV. We propose an onboard deep $Q$ -network-based flight resource allocation scheme (DQN-FRAS) to optimize the online flight cruise control of the UAV and data scheduling given outdated knowledge on the network states. Numerical results demonstrate that DQN-FRAS reduces the packet loss by over 51%, as compared to existing nonlearning heuristics.
A Robust Weld Seam Tracking Method by Using Intensity-Modulated Structured Light

The seam tracking method by using structured light is widely used in the automatic welding process. Most of the noise can be filtered out by a narrow-band optical filter whose center wavelength is the same as the structured light. However, it still suffers from light noise caused by sparks and fumes when the structured light is getting close to the welding pool. This limitation of the structured-light based method is inherent because light noise caused by the welding process has a wide spectrum and couldn’t filter out by the optical filter. To circumvent this problem, we proposed a seam tracking method that can modulate the intensity of the structured light at a high frequency by an acoustic-optic modulator (AOM) and extract the modulated frequency from multiple seam images by Fourier transformation. As the frequency of noises such as sparks is random and different from the modulated frequency, the proposed method can remove these noises in the frequency domain directly. We demonstrated the robustness of this method by detecting seam in noisy welding conditions.
Parametric resonance as a possible cause of spontaneous transition from metastable states

The recent results in dynamics of the flrst-order phase transitions in non-dissipative nonlinear systems are reviewed. Some parallels with quantum-mechanical transitions are discussed. I am especially pleased to make a contribution to the issue of the An- nales dedicated to the jubilee of my friend and teacher Georges Lochak. Many years he supports with real interest my bustling activity in non- linear wave equations giving it a sense and physical content. I have been still remembering with pleasure that (now distant) time when we had succeeded in applying some methods of the soliton theory to the nonlin- ear spinor equation proposed by G. Lochak for the magnetic monopole (1). But today I would like to discuss the results of the recent investiga- tions in the flrst-order phase transitions pursued in collaboration with A. Shagalov from the Institute of Metal Physics (2). Also, I would like to share some new considerations which came into my mind in this connec- tion. For the sake of clarity I will try to explain the essence managing with a few simple formulas. Let us consider a closed physical system having the potential energy of the form depicted in Fig. 1. The variabledescribes the state of the system and is usually refered to as an order parameter. It may be, for example, density in the system gas-liquid or liquid-solid, displacement of atoms in a nonlinear cristal, distortion in some shape-memory alloys and others. The transition of the system from a metastable state `1 to the true vacuum state `2 , known as a flrst-order phase transition, proceeds through the formation of local inhomogeneities of a su-ciently large
Membrane-Bound Tumour Factors Limiting NK-Mediated Immune

Many evidences suggest that NK cells are effective in patrolling for and eliminating tumors in their onset phase, but hardly limit the progression of large established solid tumors. Beside the transition of tumor cells towards a more aggressive phenotype, the NK cell efficacy might be limited by a complex immunosuppressive milieu present in the tumor microenvironment. Indeed, different mechanisms damping NK cell function have been shown in these last years. These include a plethora of tumor-derived immunomodulatory soluble factors (TGF-β, MIF, adenosine, L-Kynurenin, PGE2) as well as soluble ligands (MICA, ULBP-2, PVR, B7-H6) that compete with membrane-bound tumor ligands for binding to activating NK receptors. During NK-tumor cell contact the NK cell function can also be inhibited by the engagement on NK cells of different inhibitory receptors. The specific ligands might be either constitutively expressed at the tumor cell surface (HLA-I, B7-H3, PVR) or de novo induced/up-regulated (PD-Ls) by immune stimulatory factors (IFN-γ, TNF-α). These are largely released during the active phases of the immune responses and exert an unwanted side effect called “ tumor adaptive immune resistance ” . This review aims to summarize the best-known molecular mechanisms that, at various times and in different ways, can limit the efficacy of the NK-mediated immune surveillance of tumors.
Adopting Information and Communication Technologies for Effective Inclusive Education

Education had been identified and used the world over, as the most dynamic tool to achieve societal change. Over the centuries, it has been consistently used to achieve behavioural change and make man useful to himself and his society. However, it has been observed that formal education tends to exclude children and adults who have physical, emotional, intellectual, psychological, locational, linguistic and other challenges. Whereas for education to maximally achieve its objectives, it has to be inclusive. Inclusive education implies an educational system which must include disabled and gifted children, children from remote and nomadic population, street and working children, children from linguistic, ethnic, or cultural minorities as well as children and adults who are disadvantaged or marginalized. To this end, there arise a need to meet the need of every learner and ensure that no one is left out during an instructional exercise. Based on the dynamism of Information and Communication Technologies (ICTs) in education, the writers believe strongly that, if educational ICTs are appropriately adopted and effectively utilized, the challenges of inclusive education could be mitigated. This paper therefore takes a look at the definition, coverage, benefits and challenges of inclusive education. It x-rays ICTs and points out the necessary ICT tools for inclusive education. It outlines the benefits and challenges associated with the effective use of ICTs in inclusive education. Finally, the paper makes replicable recommendations for effective engagement of ICTs in inclusive education for enhanced efficiency. Keywords : Inclusive education, Marginalized, Technological gadgets, Modern ICTs DOI: 10.7176/JEP/11-24-16 Publication date: August 31 st 2020