Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The Effect of Vermicompost and PGPR on Physiological Traits of Lemon Balm (Melissa officinalis L.) Plant under Drought Stress

In this research, effect of vermicompost and plant growth promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) on physiological traits of lemon balm under drought stress condition was investigated in year 2012 at Karaj Research Institute of Forest and Rangelands. Experiment was conducted as split-split plot in a randomized complete block design with three replications. irrigation (normal: irrigated to field capacity; drought stress: watered to 60% of field capacity) was considered as main plot, vermicompost fertilizer (consuming 0, 5 and 10 t ha-1) as split plot and biofertilizers (Pseudomonas fluorescent, Azotobacter chrococum+Azospirillm brasilense, Azotobacter+ Azospirillum + Pseudomonas and no fertilizer) as split-split plot. Results showed that water stress significantly increased essential oil content, while decreased essential oil yield, total chlorophyll, cell membrane stability, relative water content and proline. Only relative water content and total chlorophyll were positively affected by biofertilizer application. Essential oil content, essential oil yield, total chlorophyll, cell membrane stability, relative water content and proline were significantly increased by vermicompost application, especially, relative water content increased with an increase in amount of vermicompost application, but there were strong interactions with irrigation. These interactions are important in practical use of vermicompost and biofertilizers.
HBV Vaccination in the Patient with Chronic Renal Disease

Patients undergoing hemodialysis often present with a reduced response to anti-hepatitis B virus (anti-HBV) vaccination. The soluble form of CD40 (sCD40) is elevated in hemodialysis patients and this has been shown to correlate with lack of response to anti-HBV vaccination. Due to its high molecular weight, conventional dialyzers cannot clear sCD40. Dialysis membranes in polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) can reduce the levels of sCD40. We have used PMMA membranes in patients who were non-responders to anti-HBV vaccination (anti-HB antibody level<10 UI/L after 2 vaccinations circles). Interestingly, we found that significantly more patients in the PMMA group were able to mount a response to vaccination, compared to the control group.
Right Ventricular Perforation after Pacemaker Implantation in an Elderly Woman: A Case Report

Background: Cardiac pacing is a proven and effective treatment used worldwide with a low incidence of complications depending on the patient group. Late lead perforation is a rare complication without a standard treatment. Case summary: We report a case of a 98-year old woman submitted to pacemaker implantation due to symptomatic second-degree atrio-ventricular block. After two days she returned to the hospital with thoracic pain and was diagnosed with RV (right ventricular) lead perforation. She was submitted to cardiac surgery with lead extraction and RV repair. Discussion: There are two major types of complications after pacemaker implantation, mechanical and infection. Reported perforation rates after pacemaker implantation range from 0.1%-0.8%. While acute lead perforation is very well described, late lead perforation is only described in case reports with a low rate of tamponade or death. Management of subacute or delayed RV lead perforation is not well defined due to very limited data. Question remains on whether to extract the lead or not.
The Relation between Visceral and Subcutaneous Fat to Bone Mass among Egyptian Children and Adolescents

Abstract BACKGROUND: The relation between fat distribution and bone mass is still being debated in children and adolescents. AIM: To verify the influence of both visceral and subcutaneous fat on bone mass among Egyptian children and adolescents. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: The study involved 78 (38 boys and 40 girls) individuals from children (42) and adolescents (36), aged 8-17 years. They were divided into 2 age groups: children group (20 boys and 22 girls) aged 8-12 years and adolescent group (18 boys and 18 girls) aged 13- 17 years. Anthropometric measurements, visceral and subcutaneous fat (measured by ultrasound), body composition, BMD and BMC (Measured by DXA), were attempted. RESULTS: Among children, significant positive correlations between visceral fat; in males; and subcutaneous fat; in females; with total BMC, BMD and its Z-score were revealed. After exclusion of age effect, the association between visceral fat in females with total BMD and its Z-score and lumbar BMD-Z-score became significant. For adolescents, no correlation was observed between either visceral or subcutaneous fat with any parameter of bone mass. CONCLUSIONS: Visceral and subcutaneous fat had significant positive association with bone mass in children; males and females respectively. On the contrary such association disappeared during adolescence.
Utilisation of Water Purification “Tablets” at Household Level in Namibia and Tanzania

Generally disinfection of water at household level can be achieved using several soluble tablets or chemicals which have been proven to render water to be microbiologically safe. The use of disinfectants at household levels has been reported to contribute to the reduction of waterborne diseases in areas with limited supply of piped water. Water guard is produced and widely used in Tanzania especially in the rural and informal settlements; whilst in Namibia, water marker and Aqua tabs are imported and distributed to similar communities. Sodium Hypochlorite, a chlorine base chemical which is either in powder or tablet form is widely used in the two countries. Through informed consent community volunteers were used for the collection of water from shallow wells, which was subsequently treated and analysed in Tanzania. Volunteers were also asked about their methods of water treatment and storage. In Namibia, information on appropriate use of purification chemicals at household level was obtained through desktop review and key informants. The aim of this study was to investigate the effectiveness and proper utilisation of the water purification chemicals at household level in the two countries. The appropriate use of chemical doses provides 100% disinfection efficiency with chlorine residue of less than 0.3 mg/l which is within the recommended limits for WHO. The authors conclude that household water purification chemicals are effective against pathogens; however the chemicals’ effectiveness depends on appropriate use in terms of mixing, handling and hygiene of container used. A common problem experienced by Namibia and Tanzania is related to improper mixing, which affects the taste of water, and thus influences the user’s choice of prolonged use.
Investigation the Relationship among Mobile Value-added Services Quality, Customer Satisfaction and the Continuance Intention: Case Study, Hamrah Avval Operator

Understanding the antecedents and consequences of customer satisfaction in the mobile communications market is important. This study explores the effects of service quality, trust and perceived value on customer satisfaction, which, in turn, affects continuance intention of mobile services. Service quality and customer satisfaction were measured by multiple dimensions. A research model was developed based on this multidimensional approach and was empirically examined with data collected from about one 237 users of mobile value-added services in Tehran university. Results show that all two dimensions of service quality (interaction quality and outcome quality) and perceived value have significant and positive effects on customer satisfaction while only one dimension of service quality (environment quality) and trust have no effect on customer satisfaction.
Extending the supernova Hubble diagram to z ~ 1.5 with the Euclid space mission

We forecast dark energy constraints that could be obtained from a new large sample of Type Ia supernovae where those at high redshift are acquired with the Euclid space mission. We simulate a three-prong SN survey: a z < 0:35 nearby sample (8000 SNe), a 0:2 < z < 0:95 intermediate sample (8800 SNe), and a 0:75 < z < 1:55 high-z sample (1700 SNe). The nearby and intermediate surveys are assumed to be conducted from the ground, while the high-z is a joint ground- and space-based survey. This latter survey, the "Dark Energy Supernova Infra-Red Experiment" (DESIRE), is designed to fit within 6 months of Euclid observing time, with a dedicated observing programme. We simulate the SN events as they would be observed in rolling-search mode by the various instruments, and derive the quality of expected cosmological constraints. We account for known systematic uncertainties, in particular calibration uncertainties including their contribution through the training of the supernova model used to fit the supernovae light curves. Using conservative assumptions and a 1-D geometric Planck prior, we find that the ensemble of surveys would yield competitive constraints: a constant equation of state parameter can be constrained to (w) = 0:022, and a Dark Energy Task Force figure of merit of 203 is found for a two-parameter equation of state. Our simulations thus indicate that Euclid can bring a significant contribution to a purely geometrical cosmology constraint by extending a high-quality SN Ia Hubble diagram to z 1:5. We also present other science topics enabled by the DESIRE Euclid observations.
Sexual differentiation of the human and rodent forebrain

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Identification of Cow-related Health Disorders Affecting the Culling in Torbat-e Jam Dairy Farms

An experiment was conducted to assess characterization of cow-related health disorders affecting the culling in Torbat-e Jam dairy farms. In total, the data of 5874 lactating cows have been used in this study (1997 to 2017). The logistic regression was applied to investigate the associations between the response variable, the risk of culling, and predictor variables including the parity, calving ease, birth type, calving season, and age at the first calving. The risk of culling increased with parity and twinning (P< 0.001). The odds ratio (OR) of a cow leaving the herd were 1, 1.17, 1.35, 2.06, 2.95 and 3.55 for parities 1 to 6, respectively, 1 and 1.14 for twinning. The OR increased with increasing in calving difficulty score (P< 0.001). The OR were 1, 1.21, 1.26 and 2.30 for calving difficulty score 1 to 4, respectively. Calving in hot season increased the risk of culling (P< 0.001). The OR were 1, 1.59, 1.46 and 1.06 for spring, summer, fall and winter respectively. Cows that calved first at about 24 months of age had a lower risk of culling (P< 0.001). These findings help farmers reduce their involuntary culling rates in dairy herds by improving the management of dairy cows in Torbat-e Jam.
Primary School Teachers’ Views on 4th Grade Mathematics Curriculum

In this study, the opinions of elementary school teachers about the new mathematics curriculum and the learning environment that those teachers form are investigated. For this aim, qualitative data was collected via observations and interviews. The data gathered from classroom observations and 3 interviews with each of the 9 teachers working in the center and periphery of Trabzon in Turkey were analyzed and interpreted. It is shown that the teachers have positive ideas about the new curriculum. However, they have some problems in term of implementing new curriculum in their classrooms. Additionally, in spite of the fact that they are in favor of the new curriculum, it was observed that they could not create environment suitable for such student-centered approaches.
Asset Illiquidity and High-water Marks*

In this paper we provide a rationale for the use of high-water mark provisions to adjust the performance fees of investment managers. In our model, illiquid assets exhibit return reversals, where interim losses are followed by larger gains. Liquidation risk thus arises because investors may prematurely withdraw their capital and pursue outside opportunities. A high-water mark precludes existing investors from paying performance fees until past losses have been recovered, thereby increasing the marginal cost of leaving the fund following poor performance. Consequently, a high-water mark allows managers of illiquid assets to retain investors when liquidation is most costly, and induces investors to commit their long-term capital for the fund. Using a large data set on hedge funds, we find that highwater marks are more common among funds investing in illiquid assets, as proxied by self-reported style categories, redemption restrictions, and return reversals. JEL classifications: G2, D8, G1.
A Comparative Study of English and Spanish Vowel Systems: Theoretical and Practical Implications for Teaching Pronunciation.

A study examines two major types of vowel systems in languages, centripetal and centrifugal. English is assoniated with the centripetal system, in which vowel quality and quantity (rhythm) are heavily influenced by stress. In this system, vowels have a strong tendency to move toward the center of the vowel area. Spanish is associated with the centrifugal system, which has a syllable-timed rhythm. In Spanish, vowels are located near the periphery of the vowel area and resist any movement to the center. These diametrically opposed vowel systems are subject to dynamics that further differentiate them. However, analysis of these patterns in these two languages and in others suggests that the systems are not mutually exclusive but occur on a continuum from centripetal to centrifugal. It is argued that the constraints and dynamics operating in the different syste,as are often neglected in the teaching and learning of pronunciation. The findings have the following implications for classroom practice: (1) production of sounds should be preceded in instruction by training in sound perception and recognition; (2) dynamics of the sound system may need to be learned before phonological units are learned; and (3) pronunciation instruction should include visual and tactile elements along with aural stimuli. (Contains 25 references.) (MSE) *********************************************************************** Reproductions supplied by EDRS are the best that can be made from the original document. *********************************************************************** A Comparative Study of English and Spanish Vowel Systems: Theoretical and Practical Implications for Teaching Pronunciation
Role of HPV in Urothelial Carcinogenesis: Current State of the Problem

Human papillomaviruses (HPV) of the so-called high risk types (HR-HPV) cause cervical cancer (CC). Carcinomas in other organs such as vagina, vulva, penis, oropharynx and rectum are known to be aetiologically heterogeneous with respect to HPV (zur Hauzen, 2000, 2008; Gillison & Shah, 2003; International Agency for Research on Cancer [IARC], 2008). HPV-positive cancer in those organs including cervix uteri differs from HPV-negative one in molecular-genetic profile, morphology as well as in clinical peculiarities (Morrison et al., 2001; Gillison & Shah, 2003). Carcinogenicity of the HR-HPV is determined by two viral genes, E6 and E7. Their expression is recognized as a necessary condition for conversion of virus-infected cell from normal to malignant state. Viral oncoproteins E6 and E7 can interact with various cellular proteins and thus preclude their normal functioning. Among numerous activities of viral oncoproteins the following two are usually regarded as principal ones. E7 is capable of binding to retinoblastoma protein pRb, and E6 can interact with p53. Therefore both above mentioned tumor suppressors become inactivated and then degraded. Cellular functions such as proliferation, apoptosis, DNA repair etc., controlled by pRb and p53, become disturbed (zur Hauzen, 2000, 2008; IARC, 2008). Since CC is a frequent female malignancy many research groups were occupied in search of early diagnostic markers for this cancer type. Experience thus obtained extends usually to HPV-associated carcinomas of other organs after necessary validation. Attempts to detect HR-HPV DNA by PCR did not leads in those studies to designing of a reliable diagnostic test because cancer in situ and invasive CC developed in a small proportion of women with HR-HPV-positive dysplasia (zur Hauzen, 2000). So specificity of the given approach turned out to be low despite the known very high PCR sensitivity. Current attempts to improve early diagnostics of CC and some other HPV-associated cancers are mostly focused on search of genes in virus-infected host cell whose expression becomes unconvertably altered under the influence of viral oncoproteins (Santin et al., 2005). One of these genes is INK4a encoding p16INK4a protein, an inhibitor of cyclin D-dependent kinases Cdk 4/6 (Serrano et al., 1993). INK4a transcription in displastic and cancer cells becomes much more active in comparison with its level in normal epithelium being triggered by HR-HPV oncoprotein E7; the content of p16INK4a in a cell increases correspondingly (Li et al., 1994; Khleif et al., 1996; Sano et al., 1998; Kaneko et al., 1999; Klaes
The modal analysis of disc resonator gyroscope using isogeometric analysis

This paper presents a free vibration analysis of the disc resonator gyroscope (DRG) based on the Isogeometric Analysis (IGA). The non-uniform rational B-splines (NURBS) basis functions are employed to represent both the exact geometry of DRG and displacement fields. It provides a unified process between the geometric design and analysis which significantly reduces the design cycle by eliminating the re-meshing process. Moreover, the modeling process of IGA and the numerical example of three-circle cascaded model with four different refinement schemes are presented and the computational accuracy and efficiency of the present numerical method are verified by comparing with the standard finite method (ABAQUS).
Assessment of transducer mass effects on measured FRFs in shaker modal testing

In modal testing, the force transducer and accelerometer mounted on the test structure will introduce extra mass effects to the system and then affect the measured Frequency Response Functions (FRFs). This paper proposed a method for assessing sensor mass effects on the measured FRFs in shaker modal testing. The assessment method offers some distinct advantages where very few FRFs measurements are required, and more importantly it does not require calculations involving several measured FRFs, hence avoiding further contaminations of the measured data. In view of two different ways of response measurements, two cases have been discussed: (1) shaker + laser Doppler vibrometer and (2) shaker + accelerometer. In case (1), only force transducer mass need be assessed. In case 2, however, both force transducer and accelerometer masses should be considered. Especially in Case 2, the overall as well as the individual mass effects of the two transducers were assessed. It is found that the assessment method is quite effective in the experimental validation for Case 1. A simple numerical example for Case 2 presented also illustrates the good theoretical performance of the method. The same example is extended to incorporate simulated noise, simulating an experimental situation, and it is shown that the accuracy of assessment results will be affected to some extent by the noise. It is suggested that the measured FRFs be preprocessed using the curve-fitting procedure before applying the proposed method.
Chemical interaction of H and D atoms with Ag/H:p-Si"111… thin film diodes

During exothermic reactions of atomic hydrogen or deuterium on a silver surface hot charge carriers are produced which have been observed by using Ag∕p-Si(111) Schottky diodes. Thin film devices provide a means to bring a charge detector as close to the reaction site as the mean free path of the charge carriers. In the case of a p-doped substrate the Schottky barrier works as a high-pass energy filter for hot holes. The authors have therefore produced large area Schottky diodes with film thicknesses of up to 30nm varying the thickness to rule out any influence of this device parameter. Those diodes were then exposed to beams of hydrogen atoms and deuterium atoms produced in a hot capillary source. Gas exposures do not affect the Schottky barrier height significantly. While exposing the samples to defined atom fluxes, the closed-loop current was monitored in real time. It shows that the current is proportional to the flux of atoms impinging on the surface. The authors have found hydrogen to generate 3.7 ti.
Propagation Mechanism Modeling in the Near-Region of Arbitrary Cross-Sectional Tunnels

Along with the increase of the use of working frequencies in advanced radio communication systems, the near-region inside tunnels lengthens considerably and even occupies the whole propagation cell or the entire length of some short tunnels. This paper analytically models the propagation mechanisms and their dividing point in the near-region of arbitrary cross-sectional tunnels for the first time. To begin with, the propagation losses owing to the free space mechanism and the multimode waveguide mechanism are modeled, respectively. Then, by conjunctively employing the propagation theory and the three-dimensional solid geometry, the paper presents a general model for the dividing point between two propagation mechanisms. It is worthy to mention that this model can be applied in arbitrary cross-sectional tunnels. Furthermore, the general dividing point model is specified in rectangular, circular, and arched tunnels, respectively. Five groups of measurements are used to justify the model in different tunnels at different frequencies. Finally, in order to facilitate the use of the model, simplified analytical solutions for the dividing point in five specific application situations are derived. The results in this paper could help deepen the insight into the propagation mechanisms in tunnels.
The role of biology in future pig breeding programs.

Swine breeders and producers have as their primary objective the efficient production of quality pork. Meeting this objective has required that both the breeder and producer manipulate the biology of the pig. In the past, the tools available to the swine producer to manipulate the biology of the pig were limited to good management practices and proper nutrition. The swine breeder was limited by the traits he could measure phenotypically and by the use of selection and mating systems. In many respects the primary limitations to further genetic improvement were the lack of sufficient biological knowledge about a specific t rai t and the means to more efficiently change i t . Today new biotechnological tools are becoming available. These tools include methods that allow gene identification, cloning and manipulation, embryo and semen sexing, production of transgenic animals and measurement, genetic evaluation and selection of traits previously not considered. These tools and the use of a variety of swine germplasms not only will increase the rate of genetic improvement but will increase the knowledge of the biology of the pig and will enhance our abil i ty to manipulate that biology to produce pigs more ef ficiently and humanely.