Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Conductance plateaus and shot noise in fractional quantum Hall point contacts

Quantum point contact devices are indispensable tools for probing the edge structure of the fractional quantum Hall (FQH) states. Recent observations of quantized conductance plateaus accompanied by shot noise in such devices, as well as suppression of Mach-Zehnder interference, call for theoretical explanations. In this paper, we develop a theory of FQH edge state transport through quantum point contacts, which allows for a generic Abelian edge structure and assumes strong equilibration between edge modes (incoherent transport regime). We find that conductance plateaus are found whenever the quantum point contact locally depletes the Hall bar to a stable region with a filling factor lower than that of the bulk and the resulting edge states equilibrate. The shot noise generated on these plateaus can be classified according to 13 possible combinations of edge charge and heat transport in the device. We also comment on a relation between the the emergence of quantized plateaus and the suppression of Mach-Zehnder interference. Besides explaining recent experimental findings, our results provide novel insights and perspectives on quantum point contact devices in the FQH regime.
NorNE: Annotating Named Entities for Norwegian

This paper presents NorNE, a manually annotated corpus of named entities which extends the annotation of the existing Norwegian Dependency Treebank. Comprising both of the official standards of written Norwegian (Bokmål and Nynorsk), the corpus contains around 600,000 tokens and annotates a rich set of entity types including persons, organizations, locations, geo-political entities, products, and events, in addition to a class corresponding to nominals derived from names. We here present details on the annotation effort, guidelines, inter-annotator agreement and an experimental analysis of the corpus using a neural sequence labeling architecture.
Numerical identification and gapped boundaries of Abelian fermionic topological order

In this work we consider general fermion systems in two spatial dimensions, both with and without charge conservation symmetry, which realize a non-trivial fermionic topological order with only Abelian anyons. We address the question of precisely how these quantum phases differ from their bosonic counterparts, both in terms of their edge physics and in the way one would identify them in numerics. As in previous works, we answer these questions by studying the theory obtained after gauging the global fermion parity symmetry, which turns out to have a special and simple structure. Using this structure, a minimal scheme is outlined for how to numerically identify a general Abelian fermionic topological order, without making use of fermion number conservation. Along the way, some subtleties of the momentum polarization technique are discussed. Regarding the edge physics, it is shown that the gauged theory can have a (bosonic) gapped boundary to the vacuum if and only if the ungauged fermion theory has a gapped boundary as well.
Document Structure Extraction for Forms using Very High Resolution Semantic Segmentation

In this work, we look at the problem of structure extraction from document images with a specific focus on forms. Forms as a document class have not received much attention, even though they comprise a significant fraction of documents and enable several applications. Forms possess a rich, complex, hierarchical, and high-density semantic structure that poses several challenges to semantic segmentation methods. We propose a prior based deep CNN-RNN hierarchical network architecture that enables document structure extraction using very high resolution(1800 x 1000) images. We divide the document image into overlapping horizontal strips such that the network segments a strip and uses its prediction mask as prior while predicting the segmentation for the subsequent strip. We perform experiments establishing the effectiveness of our strip based network architecture through ablation methods and comparison with low-resolution variations. We introduce our new rich human-annotated forms dataset, and we show that our method significantly outperforms other segmentation baselines in extracting several hierarchical structures on this dataset. We also outperform other baselines in table detection task on the Marmot dataset. Our method is currently being used in a world-leading customer experience management software suite for automated conversion of paper and PDF forms to modern HTML based forms.
word2word: A Collection of Bilingual Lexicons for 3,564 Language Pairs

We present word2word, a publicly available dataset and an open-source Python package for cross-lingual word translations extracted from sentence-level parallel corpora. Our dataset provides top-k word translations in 3,564 (directed) language pairs across 62 languages in OpenSubtitles2018 (Lison et al., 2018). To obtain this dataset, we use a count-based bilingual lexicon extraction model based on the observation that not only source and target words but also source words themselves can be highly correlated. We illustrate that the resulting bilingual lexicons have high coverage and attain competitive translation quality for several language pairs. We wrap our dataset and model in an easy-to-use Python library, which supports downloading and retrieving top-k word translations in any of the supported language pairs as well as computing top-k word translations for custom parallel corpora.
Warning Signs in Communicating the Machine Learning Detection Results of Misinformation with Individuals

With the prevalence of misinformation online, researchers have focused on developing various machine learning algorithms to detect fake news. However, users' perception of machine learning outcomes and related behaviors have been widely ignored. Hence, this paper proposed to bridge this gap by studying how to pass the detection results of machine learning to the users, and aid their decisions in handling misinformation. An online experiment was conducted, to evaluate the effect of the proposed machine learning warning sign against a control condition. We examined participants' detection and sharing of news. The data showed that warning sign's effects on participants' trust toward the fake news were not significant. However, we found that people's uncertainty about the authenticity of the news dropped with the presence of the machine learning warning sign. We also found that social media experience had effects on users' trust toward the fake news, and age and social media experience had effects on users' sharing decision. Therefore, the results indicate that there are many factors worth studying that affect people's trust in the news. Moreover, the warning sign in communicating machine learning detection results is different from ordinary warnings and needs more detailed research and design. These findings hold important implications for the design of machine learning warnings.
Extending qubit coherence by adaptive quantum environment learning

Decoherence, resulting from unwanted interaction between a qubit and its environment, poses a serious challenge towards the development of quantum technologies. Recently, researchers have started analysing how real-time Hamiltonian learning approaches, based on estimating the qubit state faster than the environmental fluctuations, can be used to counteract decoherence. In this work, we investigate how the back-action of the quantum measurements used in the learning process can be harnessed to extend qubit coherence. We propose an adaptive protocol that, by learning the qubit environment, narrows down the distribution of possible environment states. While the outcomes of quantum measurements are random, we show that real-time adaptation of measurement settings (based on previous outcomes) allows a deterministic decrease of the width of the bath distribution, and hence an increase of the qubit coherence. We numerically simulate the performance of the protocol for the electronic spin of a nitrogen-vacancy centre in diamond subject to a dilute bath of 13C nuclear spin, finding a considerable improvement over the performance of non-adaptive strategies.
Functional dendritic cells are required for transfusion-induced sensitization in canine marrow graft recipients

Untransfused dogs given 9.2 Gy total-body irradiation and hematopoietic grafts from DLA-identical littermate donors uniformly achieve sustained engraftment, whereas dogs given three transfusions (Tx) of whole blood from the intended marrow donor 24, 17 and 10 days pretransplant uniformly reject their graft. Sensitization appears to be mediated by peripheral blood mononuclear cells and can be prevented by prior irradiation of the Tx product with UV light, known to inactivate leukocytes, in particular, cells with accessory function. In the present study we investigated which leukocyte population was responsible for Tx-induced sensitization and subsequent marrow graft rejection. Surprisingly, neither monocytes nor macrophages or dendritic cells induced sensitization, and all dogs so treated achieved engraftment; however, all four evaluable dogs transfused with UV- exposed blood to which small numbers of normal dendritic cells (12.5 x 10(3)/kg) were added rejected their marrow graft. Among five dogs given UV-exposed blood and normal monocytes (12.5 x 10(3)/kg) only one rejected its graft, and four achieved sustained engraftment. We conclude that donor dendritic cells are necessary, albeit not sufficient for in vivo sensitization. Sensitization is prevented by elimination or inactivation of dendritic cell.
Behandling med etanercept ved kronisk polyartritt

BACKGROUND In randomised trials, treatment with anti-tumour necrosis factor alpha drugs has been shown to be efficacious for patients with rheumatoid arthritis. We analysed the effectiveness and toxicity of etanercept treatment in our day-to-day rheumatology practice at the University Hospital of Northern Norway. MATERIAL AND METHODS Patients with active polyarthritis who had failed at least three different disease-modifying anti-rheumatic drugs including methotrexate and/or combination therapy were consecutively included in an open study when they started etanercept therapy (25 mg twice per week subcutaneously). During follow up we noted the number of swollen and tender joints, took visual analogue scores (0-100 millimetre) for pain and global well-being, administered the Modified Health Assessment Questionnaire, performed laboratory tests, and took note of side effects. RESULTS Between April 1999 and July 2001, etanercept treatment was initiated in 71 patients. An ACR-20 response (20% improvement according to American College of Radiology criteria) occurred in 57% of patients after one month of treatment and in 70 % after three months, ACR-50 response in 24% and 42%, and ACR-70 response in 6% and 20%. While half of all patients reported side effects, only five patients (7%) discontinued treatment because of them. INTERPRETATION Etanercept is effective therapy for many patients with severe chronic polyarthritis in clinical practice. Short-term side effects occur more frequently than reported and seem less frequent with concomitant methotrexate therapy. Long-term side effects are still unknown and require close monitoring.
Anaphylaxis; 10 Years' Experience at a University Hospital in Suwon

manifestations were dyspnea (70.3%), urticaria (57.6%), dizziness (48.1%) and hypotension (46.2%). There were 65 patients (41.1%) with moderate anaphylaxis and 93 patients (58.9%) with severe anaphylaxis. The patients with older age or underlying cardiovascular disease had more severe anaphylaxis (P ＜0.05, respectively). Although there were no significant correlation between the severity and etiology of anaphylaxis, some drugs such as antibiotics, NSAIDs, and radiocontrast media tended to develop severe anaphylaxis. Conclusion: We confirmed that drugs, insect stings, foods, and exercise are the major causes of anaphylaxis. In addition, the patients with older age or a cardiovascular disease had a tendency to develop severe anaphylaxis. (Korean J Asthma Allergy Clin Immunol 2008;28:298-304)
AB0470 Efficacy of Very low Dose (100MG) Rituximab in Active Rheumatoid Arthritis Despite Combinations Dmards

Background Rituximab is an anti-CD20 antibody that represents a therapeutic alternative for the patients with rheumatoid arthritis. It has been proven that Rituximab at a dose of 2 gm is very effective in patients with DMARD and antiTNF failures. But the cost of this therapy is high and increases the economic burden. Limited data has shown that B cell is possible even with lower dosage to what is recommended. Objectives 1) To assess B cell depletion with very low dose single dose of 100mg Rituximab 2) To assess improvement in disease activity (EULAR response) Methods In this open label, prospective, observational study at tertiary care center sero positive RA patients who responded inadequately to combination of DMARDs were given single dose of 100 mg of Rituximab. B cell numbers in the peripheral blood was assessed by Flow cytometry and B cell depletion was defined as B cell numbers <0.01%. Efficacy was evaluated using B cell depletion after 2 weeks and disease activity score in 28 joints (DAS28) on monthly bases. Those patients who did not achieve B cell depletion and/or EULAR moderate response were given second dose of rituximab 500mg. Results 15 patients (13 females and 2 males; mean age 47.7±13.95 years) were included in the study. Mean duration of the disease was 7.3±6.01 years. RF was positive in 14 out of 15 and Anti CCP antibody was positive in all patients. At baseline mean DAS score was 6.14±0.84 and mean CD 19% was 10.69±4.35%. After 2 weeks of Rituximab, B cell depletion was achieved in 12 patients (80%) and mean DAS28 was 2.72±0.57 at the end of 24 weeks. Two patients were given second dose of 500mg Rituximab after 8 weeks of first dose. All patients achieved EULAR good response at the end of 24 weeks. Conclusions Early results from this study are very promising and show that low dose Rituximab is effective in treating RA patients inadequately responding to DMARDS. References Edwards JC, Szczepanski L, Szechinski J et al. Efficacy of B-cell-targeted therapy with rituximab in patients with rheumatoid arthritis.N Engl J Med. 2004 Jun 17;350(25):2572-81; Mease PJ, Revicki DA, Szechinski J et al.;Improved health-related quality of life for patients with active rheumatoid arthritis receiving rituximab: Results of the Dose-Ranging Assessment: International Clinical Evaluation of Rituximab in Rheumatoid Arthritis (DANCER) Trial. J Rheumatol. 2008 Jan;35(1):20-30. Epub 2007 Nov 15. Anolik JH, Barnard J, Cappione A et al. Rituximab improves peripheral B cell abnormalities in human systemic lupus erythematosus;Arthritis Rheum. 2004 Nov;50(11):3580-90; Bruzzese V. et al. Therapeutic effectiveness of minimal doses of rituximab in a patient with rheumatoid arthritis; Int J Immunopathol Pharmacol. 2011 Jan-Mar;24(1):265-7 Acknowledgements We acknowledge flowcytometry lab incharge,chairman-ethics committee and medical director of institute. Disclosure of Interest None declared
Development and Effects' Analysis of Nutrition Education Program for Diabetes Mellitus at Community Health Center-Focused on Individual Daily Energy Requirements and Food Exchange Units-

【The purpose of this study was to investigate effects of the developed nutrition education program focused on individual daily energy requirements and food exchange units using Food Exchange System for diabetes mellitus at a community health center. Developed the nutrition education program, four weeks' nutrition education including provided twice individual meal as diet therapy (2 hour/lesson/week, 4 week), was provided to 20 diabetic elderly (12 male, 8 female, 50-75 yrs): 1st lesson "Introduction: management of diabetes mellitus", 2nd lesson "6 Food groups and sources of 6 food groups", 3rd lesson "Individual daily energy requirements and food exchange units", and 4th lesson "Food choice for diabetes mellitus". For effects' analysis of the developed program, we assessed the changes in anthropometric characteristics; biochemical characteristics and nutrient intakes using 24 hr recall method. Effects of the developed nutrition education program were as follows: weight was significantly decreased, blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) were significantly decreased, and distribution of subjects in BUN and HbA1c was significantly changed. In protein : fat : carbohydrate (PFC) ratio, it was significantly changed from 15.98 : 16.30 : 66.69 to 17.51 : 18.94 : 64.10. In evaluation of nutrient intakes by Dietary Reference Intakes for Koreans (KDRI), protein, fiber, fat, vitamin E, niacin, folic acid, calcium and zinc were shown significantly positive changes in distribution of subjects according to intake level. The index of nutrition quality (INQ), nutrition adequacy ratio (NAR) and mean nutrition adequacy ratio (MAR) were significantly increased. In conclusion, the developed 4 weeks' nutrition education program focused on individual daily energy requirements and food exchange units using Food Exchange System for diabetes mellitus at community health center may improve the symptom of diabetes mellitus. 】
Evaluation of Medication Errors in Community Pharmacy Settings

Background. Drug-related errors can compromise patient care, increase health care costs, and, in worst case scenarios, result in patient deaths. Objective. To evaluate the incidence and contributing factors of medication dispensing errors in community pharmacy settings reported to the New Hampshire Board of Pharmacy (NHBOP). Methods. Medication errors reported to the NHBOP from February 1, 2007, to July 31, 2012, in a community pharmacy setting were reviewed. Quality Related Event Report (QRER), a standardized form developed by the NHBOP, was used to record the errors. The QRER allows collection of information related to the error, including time, date, type of error, and contributing environmental factors. Results. There were a total of 68 reported errors. The majority of errors (40%) involved dispensing an incorrect medication; 31% involved incorrect doses, and 12% involved incorrect directions. A majority of the errors involved new prescriptions (78%); 51% occurred during the pharmacist final check stage and 26% occurred during the data entry phase of the initial processing of the prescription. A greater percentage of errors (68%) occurred when only 1 pharmacist was on duty versus 29% with 2 pharmacists on duty. Conclusions. Contributing factors for errors included high prescription volumes and lack of adequate pharmacist coverage. Increasing pharmacist overlap hours in stores with high prescription volumes and implementing a formal technician certification program to ensure the consistency in training quality could assist in decreasing medication errors and improving patient safety.
Trillions and Trillions: Herpes Simplex Virus–1 Hepatitis in an Immunocompetent Adult

Abstract We describe a case of acute liver failure and myopericarditis due to herpes simplex virus–1 (HSV-1) in an immunocompetent adult. We estimate that, at the height of viremia, the patient contained a quantity of HSV-1 virions approaching that of human cells. The patient recovered with acyclovir that was dose-adjusted for neurotoxicity and developed a vigorous anti-HSV-1 T-cell response.
Postpartum Depression: A Case Report of Bedapu From Aceh Singkil

BACKGROUND: Postpartum depression is a commonly occurring psychiatric disorder. Prevalence of postpartum depression varies across cultures and countries. Many factors affect, trigger, or aggravate post-partum depression, including sociocultural factor. Bedapu is a unique tradition from Aceh Singkil on post-partum mothers. CASE REPORT: We reported a case of two women with postpartum depression who performed Bedapu tradition on themselves. Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS) was conducted for screening and DSM-5 as the determinant of diagnostic criteria. CONCLUSION: Postpartum depression has varying symptom spectrum, and Bedapu affected it by aggravating the symptoms of postpartum depression.
Relationship between Internet Gaming Disorder with Depressive Syndrome and Dopamine Transporter Condition in Online Games Player

BACKGROUND: Internet game playing is experiencing rapid growth in both youth and adult populations. The excess playing this game cause negative consequences, including game addiction. Internet Gaming Disorder is an increasingly prevalent disorder, which can have severe consequences in affected young people and their life. AIM: To observe the depressive syndrome and dopamine transporter condition (DAT) to find out the severity of internet gaming disorder. METHODS: To analyse the relationship between IGD and Depressive Syndrome and to analyse the relationship between IGD and DAT in online games player by using Spearman Rank Correlation Analysis. Depression testing is done by using the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 method (PHQ-9). The sample of the experiments of this research was 48 online games players in the internet cafe at Medan Area sub-district, which ages between 20 – 40 years old and have been playing games for at least 12 months RESULTS: It was found that there was strong one-way relation (0.625) between IGD and PHQ-9 significantly (p < 0.01), however, it was found that strong enough (-0.465) relation between IGD and DAT (p < 0.01) and strong opposite relation (-0.680) between PHQ-9 and DAT (p < 0.01). CONCLUSION: There was a relationship between Internet Gaming Disorder (IGD) with depressive symptoms and Dopamine Transporter (DAT) level. PHQ-9 score was higher in people with a higher score of IGDS9-SF. As well as DAT level, there was opposite strong enough correlation between IGD and DAT that indicating the higher IGD score, the lower DAT level.
Follow-Up Decision Support Tool for Public Healthcare: A Design Research Perspective

Objectives Mobile health (m-Health) technologies may provide an appropriate follow-up support service for patient groups with post-treatment conditions. While previous studies have introduced m-Health methods for patient care, a smart system that may provide follow-up communication and decision support remains limited to the management of a few specific types of diseases. This paper introduces an m-Health solution in the current climate of increased demand for electronic information exchange. Methods Adopting a novel design science research approach, we developed an innovative solution model for post-treatment follow-up decision support interaction for use by patients and physicians and then evaluated it by using convergent interviewing and focus group methods. Results The cloud-based solution was positively evaluated as supporting physicians and service providers in providing post-treatment follow-up services. Our framework provides a model as an artifact for extending care service systems to inform better follow-up interaction and decision-making. Conclusions The study confirmed the perceived value and utility of the proposed Clinical Decision Support artifact indicating that it is promising and has potential to contribute and facilitate appropriate interactions and support for healthcare professionals for future follow-up operationalization. While the prototype was developed and tested in a developing country context, where the availability of doctors is limited for public healthcare, it was anticipated that the prototype would be user-friendly, easy to use, and suitable for post-treatment follow-up through mobility in remote locations.