Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Postnatal growth in VLBW infants: significant association with neurodevelopmental outcome.

OBJECTIVE To study the significance of growth status at birth and postnatal growth on neurodevelopmental outcome in very low birth weight (VLBW) infants. STUDY DESIGN Growth and neurodevelopment were examined in 219 VLBW (<1250 g) children, 94 small for gestational age (SGA) (<10th percentile) and 125 appropriate for gestational age (AGA) (>10th percentile). Outcome at age 2 was assessed with the Bayley Scales of Infant Development (Mental Developmental Index [MDI], Psychomotor Developmental Index [PDI]) and a standardized neurologic examination. RESULTS SGA status was not associated with poor neurodevelopmental outcome. However, after adjustment for covariables including cerebral palsy (CP), SGA children with weight <10th percentile at age 2 had lower mean PDI than SGA children with catch-up growth to weight >10th percentile (mean [SD], 89.9 [17.4] versus 101.8 [14.5]; P<.001). AGA children with catch-down growth (weight <10th percentile at age 2) were, independent of CP, more likely to have lower mean MDI (94.9 vs 101.7, P=.05) and PDI (81.9 vs 95.1; P<.001) than AGA children remaining >10th percentile at age 2. They also more frequently had severe CP (22.9% vs 1.2%; P=.008). CONCLUSIONS In VLBW children, the course of postnatal growth rather than the appropriateness of weight for gestational age at birth determines later neurodevelopmental outcome.
Creativity: Reported Family Patterns and Scoring Methodology

Two predictions about family patterns associated with creativity were made and supported, with 75 Ss from three randomly selected undergraduate classes: (a) college students having spent most of their lives with both parents will be more creative than students spending most of their life with one or none and (b) living at home while attending college will be negatively associated with creativity. Other findings about family patterns and creativity are also presented. In addition, data are presented suggesting the value of the regular as opposed to a more liberal scoring of the Unusual Uses test; and, the superiority of using Ss' three most preferred shapes as an indicator of complexity preference rather than using a complexity score based on most minus least preferred shapes. A second study with 63 Ss supported some of the findings in Study I and suggested that the context in which Ss were tested did not influence the correlations between brick-use fluency and preference for complexity.
Report olved in Outer-Membrane Protein Biogenesis : Implications for Barth Syndrome

Natalia Gebert,1,2,3,8 Amit S. Joshi,4,8 Stephan Kutik,1,2,8,9 Thomas Becker,1 Matthew McKenzie,5 Xue Li Guan,6 Ved P. Mooga,5 David A. Stroud,1,3 Gnanada Kulkarni,4 Markus R. Wenk,6 Peter Rehling,7 Chris Meisinger,1,2 Michael T. Ryan,5 Nils Wiedemann,1 Miriam L. Greenberg,4 and Nikolaus Pfanner1,2,* 1Institut für Biochemie und Molekularbiologie, ZBMZ 2Centre for Biological Signalling Studies (bioss) 3Fakultät für Biologie Universität Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany 4Department of Biological Sciences, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI 48202, USA 5Department of Biochemistry, La Trobe University, Melbourne 3086, Australia 6Department of Biochemistry and Department of Biological Sciences, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117456, Singapore 7Abteilung für Biochemie II, Universität Göttingen, 37073 Göttingen, Germany
Wireless networks: from the physical layer to communication, computing, sensing and control [Book Review]

This book is a mixture of lectures held on the island on Capri in Italy in 2004 in which not only the currently important but also possible future characteristics of wireless communications are presented. This book should be treated as a helpful reference on the most important aspects of wireless networking. It is geared to everyone interested in taking advantage of its usefulness. Organized in seven chapters, the book's biggest advantage is its multidisciplinary approach, which provides a good review of the most recent advancements in the industry.
In Vitro Species Comparisons and Metabolite Identification

The metabolism and elimination of a drug has a direct bearing on its potential to cause toxicity in humans as well as to influence its clinical activity. The confidence with which data from preclinical safety studies, particularly toxicology studies, can be extrapolated to humans depends upon knowing whether humans are exposed to the same chemical entities (i.e., a parent drug and its metabolites) as the laboratory animals used to study toxicity and pharmacological responses. To address this issue, the FDA Guidance for Industry (1997) recommends the use of in vitro interspecies metabolic comparisons at an early stage in the drug development process. Knowledge about the metabolism of a compound is also important from a drug discovery perspective. In vitro studies provide a convenient and cost‐effective way to obtain this information. This unit presents protocols for comparing metabolite profiles across several species, as well as methods for identifying metabolites.
Primary care physicians and insulin initiation: multiple barriers, lack of knowledge or both?

S. Saha, G. P. Currie Aberdeen Royal Infirmary, Aberdeen, UK Chest Clinic C, Aberdeen Royal Infirmary, Aberdeen, UK Email: graeme.currie@nhs.net References 1 Gill JM, Fleischut P, Haas S, Pellini B, Crawford A, Nash DB. Use of antibiotics for adult upper respiratory infections in outpatient settings: a national ambulatory network study. Fam Med 2006; 38: 349–54. 2 Gonzales R, Bartlett JG, Besser RE et al. Principles of appropriate antibiotic use for treatment of acute respiratory tract infections in adults: background, specific aims, and methods. Ann Intern Med 2001; 134: 479–86. 3 Bergus GR, Weber CA, Ernst ME, Ernst EJ. Do antibiotics affect the quality of life of patients with upper respiratory tract illnesses? : it might depend on one’s luck. Int J Clin Pract 2008; 62: 855–9.
A 18F-MPPF PET normative database of 5-HT1A receptor binding in men and women over aging.

UNLABELLED Neurotransmission imaging studies require normative data for the statistical assessment of neurophysiologic dysfunctions. 2'-Methoxyphenyl-(N-2'-pyridinyl)-p-18F-fluoro-benzamidoethylpiperazine (18F-MPPF) is a specific serotonin 5-HT1A antagonist PET tracer recently characterized, modeled, and used for clinical research to explore abnormalities in the serotoninergic system. Our study reports, to our knowledge, the first large normative imaging database of 18F-MPPF binding potential (BP) over aging, for both males and females. METHODS Fifty-three healthy volunteers (27 females, 26 males; age, 20-70 y) were selected to undergo structural MRI and single-injection 18F-MPPF multiframe dynamic PET. 18F-MPPF BP values were computed using a nonlinear modeling method with tissue reference. The statistical assessment of the effect of age and sex was performed both at the anatomic structure level, using regions of interest drawn manually on individual MR images, and at the voxel level, using normalized BP parametric images in different statistical parametric mapping designs. RESULTS A negative linear correlation between age and 18F-MPPF binding (3.6% decrease by decade) was found in females but not in males and involved most of the limbic and paralimbic regions; on the other hand, males in their 30s showed decreased binding in most cerebral regions. CONCLUSION A comparison of males and females revealed higher BP values independent of age in females in the right hemisphere and a different evolution of BP over aging. These results confirm the necessity of a database for further statistical analysis in individuals or groups with pathology.
AD and cancer

The incidence of both Alzheimer disease (AD) and cancer increases with older adult age, and both are characterized by abnormal, but opposing, cellular behavior. In AD, cell death is increased, whereas excessive cell growth occurs in cancer. In this issue of Neurology® , Musicco et al.1 examined the incidence of AD and cancer as a function of each other within a population-based sample of adults aged 60 years and older in Northern Italy. They found that persons with incident AD (n = 2,832) were less likely to develop …
Atlantic Herring: Stock Discreteness and Abundance

The number of genetically distinct herring stocks is determined by the number of distinct, geographically stable larval retention areas. Spawning sites in these areas may be highly localized or dispersed. Absolute population size mostly depends on the retention area available to the density-dependent larval-postlarval stage. Although the extreme seasonal range of spawning time shown by Atlantic herring is not fully accounted for by a new hypothesis, current theory is not supported by the hypothesis or by empirical data. The management implications are discussed.
Testing ternary content addressable memories with active neighbourhood pattern-sensitive faults

With shrinking transistor sizes and growing transistor density, testing neighbourhood pattern-sensitive faults (NPSFs) is increasingly important for semiconductor memories. A test methodology for detecting active NPSFs (ANPSFs) and static NPSFs (SNPSFs) in ternary content addressable memories (TCAMs) is presented. March-like and two-group test methods are two commonly used testing techniques for NPSFs in random access memories. Because of the special TCAM cell structure, however, using a unique test algorithm with only either a March-like or a two-group test operations are not time-efficient. A test methodology that employs both March-based and two-group testing to cover 100% ANPSFs and SNPSFs in TCAMs is proposed. The total test complexity of the proposed test methodology is 156 N for an NtimesK-bit TCAM. No TCAM circuit modification is needed to support the proposed test methodology
A dilated LMI approach to robust performance analysis of linear time-invariant uncertain systems

This paper studies LMI-based robust performance analysis of linear time-invariant systems depending on uncertain parameters. In the case where the coefficient matrices of the system are affine with respect to the uncertain parameters, the standard LMIs are helpful in dealing with such analysis problems provided that we accept the notion of quadratic stability. On the other hand, in the case of rational parameter dependence, the standard LMIs carry some deficiency and thus we need another effort to derive numerically tractable conditions. This paper shows that recently developed dilated LMIs are effective in attacking such robust performance analysis problems. Indeed, applying dilated LMIs leads directly to numerically tractable conditions regardless of the form of the dependence on uncertain parameters. In addition, dilated LMIs enable us to employ parameter-dependent Lyapunov variables to test robust performance, which are known to be quite effective to alleviate the conservatism resulting from a quadratic (parameter-independent) Lyapunov variable.
Increased Prostaglandin E2 Release and Activated Akt/&bgr;-Catenin Signaling Pathway Occur after Opioid Withdrawal in Rat Spinal Cord

Background:Prostaglandin E2 is an important spinal modulator of nociception. However, the effects of chronic opioid administration and withdrawal on prostaglandin E2 release and associated signaling pathways in the spinal cord are generally unknown. Methods:This study sought to examine these effects using a spinal microdialysis technique in a model of chronic morphine administration and withdrawal in the rat. Results:The authors found that spinal prostaglandin E2 release was unaffected by chronic morphine treatment but was significantly increased during withdrawal. Recurrent withdrawal did not further enhance this release. The authors also found up-regulation of cyclooxygenase-2 expression and phosphorylation of protein kinase Akt at Ser-473 in response to opioid withdrawal. In addition, they demonstrated that &bgr;-catenin, a transcription factor downstream of Akt, was induced during morphine withdrawal, particularly during recurrent withdrawal. Conclusions:These results suggest that opioid withdrawal activates signaling pathways associated with neuronal survival and transcriptional control, two processes implicated in neuronal development and synaptic plasticity.
Rhinal cortex lesions and object recognition in rats.

Rats with bilateral lesions of lateral entorhinal cortex and perirhinal cortex were tested on a nonrecurring-items delayed nonmatching-to-sample (DNMS) task resembling the one that is commonly used to study object recognition in monkeys. The rats were tested at retention delays of 4 s, 15 s, 60 s, 120 s, and 600 s before and after surgery. After surgery, they displayed a delay-dependent deficit: They performed normally at the 4-s delay but were impaired at delays of 15 s or longer. The addition of bilateral amygdala lesions did not increase their DNMS deficits. The present finding of a severe DNMS deficit following rhinal cortex damage is consistent with the authors' previous finding that bilateral lesions of the hippocampus and amygdala cause only mild DNMS deficits in rats unless there is also damage to rhinal cortex (D.G. Mumby, E.R. Wood, & J.P.J. Pinel, 1992). These findings add to accumulating evidence that the rhinal cortex, but not the amygdala, plays a critical role in object recognition.
Prevalence of over-/misdiagnosis of asthma in patients referred to an allergy clinic

Abstract Objective: Increasing asthma incidence may be due to an overall increase in asthma awareness by physicians, potentially resulting in overdiagnosis. One of the unique features of asthma is bronchial hyperresponsiveness, which can be assessed by methacholine bronchial challenge (MBC). Overdiagnosis may result in over- or mistreatment. The aims of this study were to describe the prevalence of the over-/misdiagnosis of asthma and the use of anti-asthmatic drugs in patients with asthma-like symptoms who had not yet undergone a respiratory function assessment to confirm the diagnosis of asthma. Methods: This was a retrospective study analyzing all MBCs performed by our Outpatient Allergy Clinic in a two-year period to confirm/exclude the diagnosis of asthma in patients referred by general practitioners and complaining of asthma-like symptoms. Anti-asthmatic medications used by the patients until the MBC date were recorded. Results: 43.8% of the reviewed MBCs were positive and 37.4% of the patients with a positive MBC were previously taking anti-asthmatic drugs (568.8 ± 76.4 mcg mean beclomethasone equivalents), compared to 51.2% of those patients with a negative MBC (464.8 ± 57.8 mcg). No differences were found in the daily doses of inhaled corticosteroids or other anti-asthmatic drugs, or in the duration of treatment before the assessment of bronchial hyperresponsiveness. Conclusions: A sizeable percentage of subjects who reported physician-diagnosed asthma had a negative MBC. Nevertheless, a greater proportion of negative MBC patients were taking anti-asthmatic drugs compared to those with a confirmed diagnosis of asthma, illustrating that the overdiagnosis of asthma may lead to over- and mistreatment of respiratory symptoms.
Mode-matching in vibrating microgyros using an extremum seeking controller with switching logic

In order to improve the sensitivity and to reduce the readout circuit complexity of any angular velocity microsensor (vibrating gyroscope), it is crucial to reduce the frequency mismatch of its resonant modes of vibrations. In this paper, we consider the problem of designing an adaptive controller capable of automatically matching the resonant frequencies of the two main modes of vibration of a single axis vibrating microgyroscope, under the provision that there is an underlying mechanism that allows to control the frequency-mismatch by adjusting a suitable parameter. Similarly to what we have done in a previous work, the proposed control scheme is based on an extremum seeking procedure: however, differently from what done before, we avoid the use of a perturbation signal in the seeking process, thus conceveing a mode-matching controller that theoretically guarantees an improved frequency-matching accuracy.
Sights of touching activates the somatosensory cortex in humans

We report our observations of cross-modal interactions between sight and touch using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). Experiments were devised to show that sight and touch are linked in a cross-modal arrangement, and two separate experiments were done in an MRI scanner. In the first, the subject's right hand was stimulated with a brush; in the second, a video sequence was presented to the subject inside the scanner through video goggles in visual three-dimensional stereo, showing one brushstroke every second on a hand in the same manner as the subject had just previously experienced. The result was that both the primary and the secondary somatosensory cortexes were activated in the participants when the hands were touched, and when the subjects saw only a hand being touched in the same manner. The results indicated cross-modal links between sight and touch of the hand in humans.
Exploring Learning Objectives for Digital Design in Architectural Education

What are the objectives of teaching digital design in architecture? While this seems a rather primitive inquiry it in fact is loaded with misunderstanding and disagreement. This paper aims to bring accepted educational research about learning objectives into the discussion of digital design’s relationship to architecture. In particular, Bloom’s Taxonomy is introduced and referenced as a tool for creating clarity, transparency, and accountability among educators. The purpose of reflecting upon learning objectives for digital design in architecture is not to produce a definitive list of what students ought to learn. Learning objectives are written for specific curricula, student needs, and faculty interests. They are useful because they provide a clear definition of expected outcomes and which becomes a point of dialogue. In order to evaluate something, it first must be named. Through evaluation and discussion, a discipline develops. When Bloom created the learning taxonomy, this was the goal. Not to explain or lay claim to how students must learn, but to provide a shared structure so educators could compare their approaches. In a similar manner, creating and sharing learning objectives for digital design instruction, using established tools like Bloom's Taxonomy, can produce a more organized dialogue about how to align the use of digital tools with the core values of architectural education and the development of the discipline itself. Disciplines Architecture | Art Education This conference proceeding is available at Iowa State University Digital Repository: http://lib.dr.iastate.edu/arch_conf/86
Dynamic properties of fast and slow skeletal muscles of the rat after nerve cross‐union

1. The properties of self‐innervated (S‐EDL, S‐SOL) and cross‐innervated (X‐EDL, X‐SOL) extensor digitorum longus (EDL) and soleus (SOL) muscles have been determined at various times between 25 and 490 days after operations, and these are compared with the properties of normal muscles from unoperated animals of about the same age.
Blue-Extended Sub-Nanosecond Supercontinuum Generation in Simply Designed Nonlinear Microstructured Optical Fibers

We report experimentally observed extreme blue-enhanced supercontinuum (SC) generation down to 372 nm wavelength in simply designed and easily fabricated nonlinear microstructured optical fibers (MOFs). Three different MOFs of various core sizes and dispersion profiles are fabricated in order to optimize the parameters for achieving deeper blue components by group-index matching. The physical mechanism involved in the generation of extreme blue component is explained along with other nonlinear processes participating in the spectral broadening. We also explore the extent of applicability of the group-index matching technique for obtaining blue-enhanced SC and finally optimize the location of the zero dispersion wavelength (ZDW) with respect to the pump wavelength to achieve the maximum blue shift.
Needs and services at an in-patient psychotherapy unit.

OBJECTIVE To describe the impact of services provided, during an admission,on unmet needs and correlates of unmet needs. METHOD The study used a modified version of The Camberwell Assessment of Need (CAN) to assess the perceived needs of 100 patients on admission to a psychotherapy unit, Valkenberg Hospital, Cape Town. At discharge, the study documented the extent to which the patients had perceived services and interventions to be useful. RESULTS The mean number of needs on admission was 8.6. At discharge, help received was highest for psychiatric needs. The services most often regarded as useful were organised group activities and therapies. Regression analysis suggests that a lower level of education and the presence of borderline personality traits contribute significantly to unmet need on discharge. CONCLUSION The in-patient program is effective in meeting psychiatric needs, but less useful for addressing psycho-social needs. These needs may exacerbate psychiatric problems and should be managed more actively before, during and after an in-patient stay.
SPOT: Selecting occuPations frOm Trajectories

With the pervasive availability of smart devices, billions of users' trajectories are recorded and collected. The aggregated human behaviors reveal users' interests and characteristics, becoming invaluable to reflect their demographic preference, i.e., gender, age, marital status and even personality, occupation. Occupation profiling from trajectory data is an attractive option for advertisement targeting and other applications, without severe privacy concerns. However, it carries great difficulties in sparsity and vagueness. This paper proposes a novel approach, i.e., SPOT (Selecting occuPation frOm Trajectories). We first carefully analyze and report the trajectory pattern variance of different occupational categories in a large real dataset. And then we design novel ways to extract users content, location and transition preference, and finally illustrate a comprehensive occupation prediction method, Continuous Conditional Random Fields (C-CRF) based prediction model. Empirical studies confirm that the new approach works surprisingly well, and it shows the discriminative power of trajectory data to reveal occupational preference.
A low cost optical storage server for near video-on-demand systems

A near video-on-demand system is one of the most economic and practical applications to provide high quality digital video services through a network in terms of cost, storage and network capacity requirements. In this paper, an optical storage server with a novel data placement and retrieval schemes is proposed for a near video-on-demand system. The proposed data placement scheme on the optical discs fully exploits the periodical broadcast characteristic of an NVOD service to optimize the disc bandwidth utilization. By further applying our retrieval schedule strategy, the buffer requirement of a system can be significantly reduced. In that way, the maximal number of supported streams with the minimal buffer requirement can be easily achieved, The storage system can be applied not only to CD-ROMs storing MPEG-1, but also to Digital Video Disks (DVDs) storing MPEG-2 in the near future.