Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Nucleotide sequence of a yeast Ty element: evidence for an unusual mechanism of gene expression.

We have determined the DNA sequence of the transposable element Ty912 of yeast. The 5918-base-pair element encodes two genes, tya912 and tyb912, which specify proteins similar to sequence-specific DNA-binding proteins of Escherichia coli and retroviral reverse transcriptases, respectively. The tyb912 gene is atypical of eukaryotic genes since (i) it begins 1336 nucleotides into the Ty912 mRNA (i.e., downstream of the tya912 gene) and (ii) the first in-frame AUG is 921 nucleotides into the coding frame. Protein blot analysis of Ty-lacZ fusions shows that the tyb912 gene is translated starting at the 5' end of the tya912 gene and that the primary translational product is a tya912::tyb912 fusion protein. We have shown that synthesis of this fusion protein probably does not occur by RNA splicing. The data are consistent with a mechanism of translational frameshifting occurring within the region of overlap between the 3' end of tya912 and the 5' end of tyb912.
Colon Cancer: Nutritional Strategies for Prevention

M any of us have known, or will know, someone who suffers with colon cancer. In its Facts and Figures for 2000, the American Cancer Society estimates that there were 93,800 new cases of colon cancer in the United States in 2000 and 47,700 deaths from the cancer. Commonly recognized risk factors for colon cancer include obesity and low consumption of vegetables, fish, and whole-grain cereals.1 Additional risk factors include a genetic predisposition, as in the case of familial polyposis, and other conditions, such as chronic ulcerative colitis. This article reviews a portion of the growing evidence that nutrition and supplementation may have very significant roles to play in maintaining a healthy, cancer-free colon.
Opciones terapéuticas frente a especies de Candida resistentes a las equinocandinas

Introduccion: La infeccion por levaduras del genero Candida representa la causa mas comun de infecciones fungicas invasivas. Su alta incidencia y la creciente resistencia frente a los azoles y, recientemente, a las equinocandinas ha generado la necesidad de buscar nuevas alternativas farmacologicas. Esta revision presenta las principales alternativas farmacologicas en estudio frente a Candida resistente a equinocandinas. Metodos: Se busco literatura referente al tema en las bases de datos Bireme, Clinical Key, Embase, Cochrane, Lilacs, Pubmed y Scopus. Se incluyeron 15 articulos en esta revision. Resultados: Se exploran diferentes alternativas, incluyendo el aumento de dosis de las equinocandinas, su combinacion con otros medicamentos y nuevos compuestos en estudio. Conclusion: A pesar de que las infecciones por Candida resistente a equinocandinas aun representan un desafio, dos alternativas farmacologicas se presentan como promisorias: la combinacion con medicamentos existentes como el diclofenaco y nuevos compuestos que se encuentran actualmente en fase II de estudios clinicos.
Ergodic Capacity Analysis for Interference-Limited AF Multi-Hop Relaying Channels in Nakagami-m Fading

An analytical characterization of the ergodic capacity of interference-limited multihop wireless networks with amplify-and forward (AF) relaying is presented. In our analysis, we consider that transmissions are performed over Nakagami-m fading where channel state information is only known at the receiving terminals. We derive an exact expression for the ergodic capacity by exploiting the moment generating function (MGF) of the inverse signal-to-interference ratio (SIR). The result is applicable for arbitrary numbers of interfering signals at the receiving terminals and can be efficiently evaluated. Furthermore, considering the special case of dual-hop transmission, we propose a more refined characterization where the high-SIR capacity is expanded as an affine function. The zero-order term or the power offset for which we find insightful closed-form expressions, is shown to play a chief role in understanding the impact of interference and power on the system's capacity. Finally, some simulation results sustaining our analysis are provided.
ANÁLISE QUANTITATIVA DO RISCO TÉCNICO-ECONÔMICO DE UM TRATOR FLORESTAL SKIDDER

Os custos da colheita florestal, de forma abrangente, podem ser definidos como a quantificacao economica dos fatores produtivos, determinados em sua maioria pelo modal utilizado. Todavia, um elemento presente no conhecimento dos custos desses modais e a incerteza nas estimativas, devido ao conjunto de fatores envolvidos ou da insuficiencia de informacoes. A vista disso, objetivou-se neste estudo construir um modelo estocastico, a partir da produtividade operacional de um trator florestal skidder empregado na extracao de Eucalyptus sp. , para quantificar os riscos tecnico-economicos por meio da simulacao de Monte Carlo. A analise tecnico-economica teve como premissa o estudo de tempos e metodos, seguida da estimativa do custo horario do trator florestal skidder e do custo da extracao de madeira. Os resultados permitiram quantificar os riscos do custo da extracao de madeira, alem de determinar que o dispendio com combustivel e o que mais onera essa operacao florestal.
Research on the viewing behaviors of cable television users based on long-term interest

Along with the changing interest of Cable Television users, it is difficult to make personalized recommendation and put advertisement intelligently for users. This research is aimed at the viewing behaving of Cable Television users based on long-term interest. The users' interest attenuation model and the interest enhancement model are constructed to precisely describe the users' viewing behaviors in multi-aspect. The interest attenuation model was used to deal with the forgetting rule of interest by the Ebbinghaus forgetting attenuation function. The interest enhancement model solved the problem of increased interest through repetitive learning function. Finally combining the above two functions, the research of Cable Television users' behaviors based on long-term interest was proposed in this paper. This method could be used to quantify the users' interest to yield long-term interest indicators, and ultimately it can be used for Cable Television users' personalized program recommendation.
Examining the Motivations for E-Government from an Institutional Theory Perspective: Evidence from Turkey

The objective of this study is to understand why e-government projects are initiated at the first place. I define an e-government project as an effort by a government agency by itself or by partnership with other government agencies, private firms and/or civil societal organizations to use information and communication technologies (hereafter ICTs; they are technologies that capture, transmit and display data and information electronically) to provide government information or services to citizens, businesses, other government agencies or civil societal organizations.
Beyond funding: Acknowledgement patterns in biomedical, natural and social sciences

For the past 50 years, acknowledgments have been studied as important paratextual traces of research practices, collaboration, and infrastructure in science. Since 2008, funding acknowledgments have been indexed by Web of Science, supporting large-scale analyses of research funding. Applying advanced linguistic methods as well as Correspondence Analysis to more than one million acknowledgments from research articles and reviews published in 2015, this paper aims to go beyond funding disclosure and study the main types of contributions found in acknowledgments on a large scale and through disciplinary comparisons. Our analysis shows that technical support is more frequently acknowledged by scholars in Chemistry, Physics and Engineering. Earth and Space, Professional Fields, and Social Sciences are more likely to acknowledge contributions from colleagues, editors, and reviewers, while Biology acknowledgments put more emphasis on logistics and fieldwork-related tasks. Conflicts of interest disclosures (or lack of thereof) are more frequently found in acknowledgments from Clinical Medicine, Health and, to a lesser extent, Psychology. These results demonstrate that acknowledgment practices truly do vary across disciplines and that this can lead to important further research beyond the sole interest in funding.
Agreements About Extra-Dyadic Sex in Gay Men's Relationships: Exploring Differences in Relationship Quality by Agreement Type and Rule-Breaking Behavior

Research comparing the quality of monogamous and non-monogamous (“open”) relationships among gay men has produced mixed findings. In addition, little is known about the consequences of breaking the rules of relationship agreements about extra-dyadic sex. Results from a survey of 229 gay men in romantic relationships showed that open relationships were less passionate, but no less intimate or committed, than monogamous or “threesome-only” relationships. However, men who broke rules reported lower relationship quality overall, regardless of the relationship agreement. Thus, it is less the nature of the agreement itself than adhering to the conditions of it that influences relationship quality.
The Political Economy of Immigration Restrictions

t Associate Professor of Economics and Research Associate, Center for Study of Public Choice, George Mason University. tfl Professor of Economics and Director, Center for Study of Public Choice, George Mason University. t Visiting Assistant Professor of Economics, Department of Economics and Finance, University of Mississippi. 1. The July, 1986 extravaganza lasted four days and climaxed in the largest fireworks display in history. It is estimated that six million people participated in the celebrations including a fleet of 20,000 boats in New York Harbor. On Ellis Island, in a naturalization ceremony linked to five different cities via satellite, Chief Justice Warren E. Burger led an estimated 16,000 immigrants in reciting the Oath of Allegiance. Stengel, The Lady's Party, TIME, July 14, 1986, at 10; The Spirit of '86, NEWSWEI.K, July 14, 1986, at 21. It would be difficult to overstate the importance of the Statue of Liberty and Ellis Island as symbols of the immigration experience. During the last 100 years, some 17 million people sailed past the Statue of Liberty before arriving at Ellis Island. Iacocca, What Liberty Means To Me, NEWSWEEK, July 7, 1986, at 18. 2. E. LAZARUS, THE, Nr:w Coi.osus (1883), reprinted in J. KENNErDY, A NATION OF IMMIGRANT 31 (1964). 3. See, e.g. J. KENNEDY, supra note 2, at 17-68 and 72-76. The cynical view of the American stance on immigration was aptly captured by an anonymous poem printed in 1952 in response to the passage of legislation which restricted immigration:
Mechanism of Resistance Acquisition and Potential Associated Fitness Costs in Amyelois transitella (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) Exposed to Pyrethroid Insecticides

ABSTRACT The polyphagous navel orangeworm, Amyelois transitella (Walker) (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae), is the most destructive pest of nut crops, including almonds and pistachios, in California orchards. Management of this insect has typically been a combination of cultural controls and insecticide use, with the latter increasing substantially along with the value of these commodities. Possibly associated with increased insecticide use, resistance has been observed recently in navel orangeworm populations in Kern County, California. In studies characterizing a putatively pyrethroid-resistant strain (R347) of navel orangeworm, susceptibility to bifenthrin and &bgr;-cyfluthrin was compared with that of an established colony of susceptible navel orangeworm. Administration of piperonyl butoxide and S,S,S-tributyl phosphorotrithioate in first-instar feeding bioassays with the pyrethroids bifenthrin and &bgr;-cyfluthrin produced synergistic effects and demonstrated that cytochrome P450 monooxygenases and carboxylesterases contribute to resistance in this population. Resistance is therefore primarily metabolic and likely the result of overexpression of specific cytochrome P450 monooxygenases and carboxylesterase genes. Resistance was assessed by median lethal concentration (LC50) assays and maintained across nine generations in the laboratory. Life history trait comparisons between the resistant strain and susceptible strain revealed significantly lower pupal weights in resistant individuals reared on the same wheat bran-based artificial diet across six generations. Time to second instar was greater in the resistant strain than the susceptible strain, although overall development time was not significantly different between strains. Resistance was heritable and may have an associated fitness cost, which could influence the dispersal and expansion of resistant populations in nut-growing areas in California.
Effects of graded reduction of brain blood flow on chemical control of breathing.

We measured ventilatory responses to CO2 (delta VI/delta PCO2) and transient hypoxia (delta VI/delta SaO2) during reductions of brain blood flow (BBF) to 70% and 50% of control in unanesthetized goats. Increase in inspiratory volume per change in CO2 tension (delta VI/delta PCO2) was measured during rebreathing with sampling of both arterial and cerebral venous blood; increase in inspiratory volume per fall in arterial oxygen saturation (delta VI/delta SaO2) was assessed by the transient N2 inhalation method. Delta VI/delta SaO2 did not significantly change at 70% BBF, but was depressed at 50% BBF. Delta VI/delta PCO2 increased (0.94 +/- 0.18 to 1.29 +/- 0.24 l . min-1 . Torr-1) at 70% BBF if arterial CO2 tension were used to represent the CO2 stimulus but was unchanged if venous CO2 tension were used. At 50% BBF, delta VI/delta PCO2 was depressed (0.38 +/- 0.13 l . min-1 . Torr-1) for both representations of the CO2 stimulus. Brain ischemia increased blood pressure and heart rate but blunted the increase in BBF caused by hypercapnia. We conclude that 1) moderate brain ischemia (70% BBF) does not affect chemosensitivity to hypoxia and CO2, 2) delta VI/delta PCO2 may not be accurately determined from PaCO2 during brain ischemia because cerebrovascular reactivity to CO2 is depressed, and 3) severe brain ischemia (50% BBF) blunts delta VI/delta SaO2 and delta VI/delta PCO2, probably as a consequence of hypoxic depression of the respiratory neurons.
Pharyngeal airway dimensions: a cephalometric, growth-study-based analysis of physiological variations in children aged 6-17.

OBJECTIVE The aim was to assess pharyngeal airway dimensions and physiological changes based on lateral cephalometric radiographs from healthy untreated children aged 6-17 years. MATERIALS/METHODS The sample consisted of 880 lateral cephalograms (412 females and 468 males) of the Zurich Craniofacial Growth Study. Statistical analyses on cephalometric measurements of airway dimensions (distances 'p': shortest distance between soft palate and posterior pharyngeal wall and 't': shortest distance between tongue and posterior pharyngeal wall) and craniofacial parameters were performed. To disclose differences between different age groups, a Kruskal-Wallis test was applied. The influence of gender on 'p' and 't' was analysed by a Mann-Whitney U-test for each age group separately. The Spearman correlation was computed in order to investigate associations between craniofacial parameters. Variables associated with 'p' and 't' were chosen for multiple regression model investigation. RESULTS The results demonstrated high interindividual variations. A slight influence of age on 'p' (P = 0.034) could be attested (+1.03 mm) but not on 't' (P = 0.208). With the exception of the 9-year age group, no significant differences between the genders were found. Correlation analysis revealed several statistically significant correlations between 't' or 'p' and antero-posterior cephalometric variables. All correlation coefficients were, however, very low and the adjusted coefficient of determination also revealed the regression model to be very weak. CONCLUSIONS The high interindividual variations of 'p' and 't' render the use of reference values problematic. Contrary to other craniofacial structures, neither age-related changes nor sexual dimorphism were found for 'p' and 't'. Any associations to antero-posterior cephalometric characteristics seem low.
Approches "problèmes inverses" régularisées pour l'imagerie sans lentille et la microscopie holographique en ligne. (Regularized inverse problems approaches for lensless imaging and in-line holographie microscopy)

En imagerie numerique, les approches «problemes inverses» regularisees reconstruisent une information d'interet a partir de mesures et d'un modele de formation d'image. Le probleme d'inversion etant mal pose, mal conditionne et le modele de formation d'image utilise peu contraint, il est necessaire d'introduire des a priori afin de restreindre l'ambiguite de l'inversion. Ceci permet de guider la reconstruction vers une solution satisfaisante. Les travaux de cette these ont porte sur le developpement d'algorithmes de reconstruction d'hologrammes numeriques, bases sur des methodes d'optimisation en grande dimension (lisse ou non-lisse). Ce cadre general a permis de proposer differentes approches adaptees aux problematiques posees par cette technique d'imagerie non conventionnelle : la super­-resolution, la reconstruction hors du champ du capteur, l'holographie «couleur» et enfin la reconstruction quantitative d'objets de phase (c.a.d. transparents). Dans ce dernier cas, le probleme de reconstruction consiste a estimer la transmittance complexe 2D des objets ayant absorbe et/ou dephase l'onde d'eclairement lors de l'enregistrement de l'hologramme. Les methodes proposees sont validees a l'aide de simulations numeriques puis appliquees sur des donnees experimentales issues de l'imagerie sans lentille ou de la microscopie holographique en ligne (imagerie coherente en transmission, avec un objectif de microscope). Les applications vont de la reconstruction de mires de resolution opaques a la reconstruction d'objets biologiques (bacteries), en passant par la reconstruction de gouttelettes d'ether en evaporation dans le cadre d'une etude de la turbulence en mecanique des fluides.
trans-Repression of Protein Expression Dependent on the Epstein-Barr Virus Promoter Wp during Latency

ABSTRACT An ordered silencing of Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) latency gene transcription is critical for establishment of persistent infection within B lymphocytes, yet the mechanisms responsible and the role that the virus itself may play are unclear. Here we describe two B-cell superinfection models with which to address these problems. In the first, Burkitt lymphoma (BL) cells that maintain latency I, when superinfected, initially supported transcription from the common EBNA promoters Wp and Cp (latency III) but ultimately transitioned to latency I (Cp/Wp silent), an essential requirement for establishment of EBV latency in vivo. We used this model to test whether the early lytic-cycle gene BHLF1, implicated in silencing of the Cp/Wp locus, is required to establish latency I. Upon superinfection with EBV deleted for the BHLF1 locus, however, we have demonstrated that BHLF1 is not essential for this aspect of EBV latency. In the second model, BL cells that maintain Wp-restricted latency, a variant program in which Cp is silent but Wp remains active, sustained the latency III program of transcription from the superinfecting-virus genomes, failing to transition to latency I. Importantly, there was substantial reduction in Wp-mediated protein expression from endogenous EBV genomes, in the absence of Cp reactivation, that could occur independent of a parallel decrease in mRNA. Thus, our data provide evidence of a novel, potentially posttranscriptional mechanism for trans-repression of Wp-dependent gene expression. We suggest that this may ensure against overexpression of the EBV nuclear antigens (EBNAs) prior to the transcriptional repression of Wp in cis that occurs upon activation of Cp.
Estudio y análisis técnico comparativo entre las tecnologías LTE y LTE Advanced

El proyecto consiste en un estudio y analisis de las tecnologias 4G, LTE (Long Term Evolution) y LTEAdvanced empleadas en telefonia movil celular, para lo cual se realiza una comparacion a nivel tecnologico, de bandas de frecuencia, de la arquitectura de red, de la capa fisica, de los esquemas de modulacion, de la velocidad de transmision, de las tecnicas de multiples antenas, de las categorias de equipos de usuario, de los servicios, aplicaciones, de redes desplegadas y lanzamientos comerciales. Cada tecnologia se estudia por separado, en el caso de LTE, se realiza un estudio de la arquitectura de red lo que involucra entidades y protocolos de red asociados. Tambien se analiza la interfaz radio en donde se describen los protocolos, canales logicos, de transporte y fisicos. Finalmente se realiza un analisis de las tecnologias de nivel fisico empleadas tanto para el uplink como para el downlink. De manera similar se desarrolla un estudio de LTE-Advanced, es decir, de la arquitectura del sistema, metodos de acceso y caracteristicas que definen a esta tecnologia como son: la agregacion de portadora, MIMO mejorado en el uplink y downlink, CoMP y Relaying. En base a este estudio se realiza posteriormente un analisis comparativo de los parametros mencionados de ambas tecnologias, luego de lo cual se llega a conclusiones importantes que permiten aseverar que: LTE advanced es una mejora de LTE, lo que le posibilita utilizar las mismas bandas de frecuencia y adicionar otras, compartir la misma arquitectura, el mismo plano de usuario; sin embargo gracias a las nuevas tecnicas y mejoras en varios aspectos que incorpora LTE-Advanced, es posible incrementar el rendimiento, mejorar la calidad de la senal, incrementar la cobertura, disminuir la latencia y alcanzar mayores velocidades de transmision como las propuestas por el IMTAdvanced para tecnologias 4G.
Design and Evaluation of a Risk-Aware Failure Identification Scheme for Improved RAS in Erasure-Coded Data Centers

Data reliability and availability, and serviceability (RAS) of erasure-coded data centers are highly affected by data repair induced by node failures. In a traditional failure identification scheme, all chunks share the same identification time threshold, thus losing opportunities to further improve the RAS. To solve this problem, we propose RAFI, a novel risk-aware failure identification scheme. In RAFI, chunk failures in stripes experiencing different numbers of failed chunks are identified using different time thresholds. For those chunks in a high-risk stripe, a shorter identification time is adopted, thus improving the overall data reliability and availability. For those chunks in a low-risk stripe, a longer identification time is adopted, thus reducing the repair network traffic. Therefore, RAS can be improved simultaneously. We also propose three optimization techniques to reduce the additional overhead that RAFI imposes on management nodes and to ensure that RAFI can work properly under large-scale clusters. We use simulation, emulation, and prototyping implementation to evaluate RAFI from multiple aspects. Simulation and prototype results prove the effectiveness and correctness of RAFI, and the performance improvement of the optimization techniques on RAFI is demonstrated by running the emulator.