Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
EFL Teachers‟ Attitudes toward Using Computer Technology in English Language Teaching

Computers have become commonplace in our personal as well as our professional lives. Computers have made many of our everyday tasks easier and faster and made our society more productive. A very important set of variables such as the classroom teacher and the teacher’s attitudes towards the effective uses of computers in the classroom have been overlooked in EFL classrooms. This study investigates how teachers perceive the use of computer technology resources in English Language Teaching. The first aim of the study is to define the teachers’ attitudes. The second aim is to discuss the aspects of attitude. The third aim is to explain teachers’ attitudes and computer technology training. The fourth aim is to elaborate teachers’ attitudes and computer technology integration. The fifth aim is to define teachers’ attitudes and computer experience. The sixth aim is to discuss teachers’ attitudes and computer anxiety and interest. The last aim is to review teachers’ attitudes and computer literacy. The review of the related literature shows that simply introducing computer technology resources does not guarantee teachers’ use of these in practice. Knowledge of EFL teachers’ attitudes about teaching, learning, and computers, affords them the opportunity to design and implement EFL instruction.
Field evaluation of different insecticides against spotted bollworm (Earias spp.) and comparative yield assessment for BT and non-Bt cotton

Cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) is an important cash crop of Indo-Pak region. Spotted bollworm (Earias spp. Fab.) is one of the serious lepidopterous pests of cotton. This study evaluated the comparative efficacy of Triazophos (Trizone 40 EC), Thiamethoxam+Chlorantraniliprole (Voliam-flexi 300 SE), Flubendiamide (Belt 480 SC), Emmamectin benzoate (Sajan 1.9 EC) and Gamma-Cyhalothrin (Proaxis 60 CS) against spotted bollworms on three Bt (Bt-703, Bt-3701, Tarzan) and three non-Bt (Anmol, C-26, FH-942) cotton cultivars. Apart from infestation, comparative cotton yield was also assessed. Insecticides were applied at their label-recommended doses upon reaching ETL of spotted bollworm infestation. Experiment was conducted in RCBD with three replications. Pest infestation was recorded 24 h pre- and 1, 2, 3 and 7 days post-treatment. Results revealed that Triazophos 40 EC gave the best control of spotted bollworms concomitantly with maximum cotton yield and, hence, should be incorporated with other pest control strategies in an integrated way.
Influence of the Precipitation of Secondary Phase on the Thermal Diffusivity Change of Al-Mg2Si Alloys

Al-Si-Mg alloys are investigated to determine the relationship between changes in the thermal diffusivity and precipitation behavior of the Mg2Si phase with various contents of Mg2Si and aging treatment conditions. The samples were solid solution-treated and then quenched with water (80 °C). Aging treatments were implemented at temperatures ranging from 180 to 240 °C for 5 h. The precipitation behavior of Mg2Si was observed using a heat flow curve using differential scanning calorimetry analysis. The thermal diffusivity of Al-Mg2Si alloy was affected by the precipitation of the Mg2Si phase, particularly in the meta-stable β phase. In the temperature range of precipitation occurrence, the thermal diffusivity of the alloy increased with the temperature when the precipitation of the meta-stable β phase of the sample was incomplete. However, at the same temperature, the samples in which precipitation had completed did not have any increased thermal diffusivity. The thermal diffusivity of the samples decreased when the meta-stable Mg2Si phase had dissolved in the matrix. The precipitation and dissolution of Mg2Si mainly affected the variation of thermal diffusivity in Al-Si-Mg. In contrast, the stable Mg2Si phase was not affected by changes in thermal diffusivity at a high temperature.
Ultrasound guided fluorescence tomography

In this study, a hybrid-model imaging system combining fluorescence and ultrasound (US) was investigated with the motivation of providing structural priors towards improvement of fluorescence reconstruction. A single element transducer was scanned over the sample for anatomy. In the fluorescence part, a laser source was scanned over the sample with the emission received by an EMCCD camera. Synchronization was achieved by a pair of motorized linear stages. Structural information was derived from the US images and a profilometry and used to constrain reconstruction. In the reconstruction, we employed a GPU-based Monte Carlo simulation for forward modeling and a pattern-based method to take advantage of the huge dataset for the inverse problem. Performance of this system was validated with two phantoms with fluorophore inclusions. The results indicated that the fluorophore distribution could be accurately reconstructed. And the system has a potential for the future in-vivo study.
Valence Bonds in Random Quantum Magnets: Theory and Application to 
YbMgGaO4

We analyze the effect of quenched disorder on spin-1/2 quantum magnets in which magnetic frustration promotes the formation of local singlets. Our results include a theory for 2D valence-bond solids subject to weak bond randomness, as well as extensions to stronger disorder regimes where we make connections with quantum spin liquids. We find, on various lattices, that the destruction of a valence-bond solid phase by weak quenched disorder leads inevitably to the nucleation of topological defects carrying spin-1/2 moments. This renormalizes the lattice into a strongly random spin network with interesting low-energy excitations. Similarly, when short-ranged valence bonds would be pinned by stronger disorder, we find that this putative glass is unstable to defects that carry spin-1/2 magnetic moments, and whose residual interactions decide the ultimate low-energy fate. Motivated by these results we conjecture Lieb-Schultz-Mattis-like restrictions on ground states for disordered magnets with spin 1/2 per statistical unit cell. These conjectures are supported by an argument for 1D spin chains. We apply insights from this study to the phenomenology of YbMgGaO4, a recently discovered triangular lattice spin-1/2 insulator which was proposed to be a quantum spin liquid. We instead explore a description based on the present theory. Experimental signatures, including unusual specific heat, thermal conductivity, and dynamical structure factor, and their behavior in a magnetic field, are predicted from the theory, and compare favorably with existing measurements on YbMgGaO4 and related materials.
An Algorithm on Direct Tunneling Current Model Based on DIBL Effect

With the scaling of NMOS devices, gate tunneling current increases significantly under Drain Induced Barrier Lowering (DIBL), and static characteristics of devices and circuit are severely affected by the presence of gate tunneling currents. In this paper, a novel theory on direct tunneling current predicting model under DIBL is presented in ultrathin gate oxide NMOS devices that tunneling current changes with gate-oxide thickness. To analyze quantitatively the behaviors of scaled MOS devices in the effects of gate tunneling current and predict the trends, the characteristics of NMOS devices are studied in detail using HSPICE simulator. The simulation results in BSIM4 model well agree with the model proposed. The theory and experiment data are contributed to the VLSI circuit design in the future. KeywordsScaled Device; Ultra-Thin Gate Oxide; DIBL; Direct Tunneling Current Model; Static Charateristics
Solar energy harvesting using graphene rectennas : a proof-of-concept study

Presented in this work is the research performed as part of a Masters assignment at the Optical Sciences group at the University of Twente. In this research, a new technique for harvesting energy from sunlight, called solar rectification, is investigated. Using graphene patterned in specific geometric shapes, it is hoped that sunlight can be converted into AC electricity by use of antennas, and then converted into usable DC electricity using so-called geometric diodes made from graphene. The hope is that graphene can be patterned in such a way that it serves both purposes simultaneously. Simulations have been done to investigate the ideal shape of geometric diodes. Graphene from different sources was characterized and several devices were fabricated. Research was done to see if these graphene devices could be used as geometric diodes, in a first step toward realizing solar rectification using geometrically patterned graphene. A successful fabrication process was established, and it was found that devices could be fabricated that showed nonlinear behavior. It could not be concluded that these devices worked as diodes, but the knowledge and experience gained during this project are expected to help future research into this topic.
THE EFFECT OF FINANCIAL DEVELOPMENT ON DOMESTIC SAVING IN IRAN

This study has been dealt with the study of the role of financial development on domestic saving in Iran. For this purpose, it is used two indexes of shares and credits to Gross Domestic Production (GDP) as financial development index. Other independent variables in this research are such as: the ratio of investment to GDP, the ratio of domestic credit to GDP, the ratio of total exports and imports to GDP, the ratio of working population to total population, and inflation rate which has been dealt with to study the short term and long term effects and ECM for period of the years 1982 to 2012 with using of ARDL method and the results are as follow: the ratio of investment to GDP on the ratio of domestic saving to GDP have been positive and it shows with increase investment and consequently production, the income population will be increased and as a result, saving ratio will increase. Also, the results indicate that the ratio of domestic credit to GDP on the ratio of domestic saving to GDP are positive and it shows with increase in domestic credit, production and income will be increased and on the other hand, with increase in income, a part of the money will be spent on increasing the saving ratio. The results show that shares index as an index for financial development also increases the saving. Shares index as an index for financial development is formed a part of income for population and its increase will be coincided with the increase in revenue and consequently saving. The ratio of total exports and imports to GDP causes to increase the demand in society and therefore, national income will increase and consequently leads to increase the saving in society. The increase in ratio of working population to total population also causes to increase production and national income in society which finally increase the saving ratio in society. The effect of inflation rate variable on
Quantum states of muons in fluorides.

Muon-spin relaxation (${\ensuremath{\mu}}^{+}$SR) is a sensitive probe of magnetism, but its utility can be severely limited by the lack of knowledge of the muon implantation site and the extent to which the muon perturbs its host. We demonstrate systematically that these problems can be addressed accurately using electronic-structure calculations. We show that diamagnetic muons introduce significant short-ranged distortions in ionic insulators that would lead to systematic errors on magnetic moments determined by ${\ensuremath{\mu}}^{+}$SR, and quantify these. The F-$\ensuremath{\mu}$-F complex formed by muons in many fluorides can be understood as an exotic molecule-in-a-crystal defect with a zero-point energy larger than that of any naturally occurring triatomic molecule.
An Integrated Routing and Distributed Scheduling Approach for Hybrid IEEE 802.16E Mesh Networks For Vehicular Broadband Communications

An integrated routing and distributed scheduling approach for fast deployable IEEE 802.16e networks is presented where distributed base stations with dual radios form a mesh backhaul and subscriber stations communicate through these base stations. The mesh backhaul is formed via an IEEE 802.16e mesh mode radio on each base station, while the subscriber stations communicate with base stations via PMP mode radios. The proposed routing scheme divides the deployed network into several routing zones. Each routing zone contains several base stations that form the mesh backhaul with one base station equipped with either a fiber, satellite or any other point-to-point backhaul link to reach a gateway on the core network (for example, Internet or Enterprise Network). Traffic from the subscriber stations is routed by the serving base station through the mesh to the gateway-connected base station using min-hop routing metric. Mobile IP scheme is used to assign a care-of address to a subscriber station that moves from one routing zone to the other, thereby avoiding a change in IP address for network layer applications. The scheduling approach consists of two phases. In the first phase, a centralized mesh scheduling algorithm is applied with collected information on network topology, radio parameters, and initial QoS provisioning requirements. At the same time, each base station derives a PMP schedule for actual demands from associated subscriber stations constrained by the initial mesh schedule. In the second phase, each base station monitors its carried PMP traf-
Min/Max Inventory Planning for Military Logistics

Military logistics is concerned with the projection and sustainment of forces in accomplishing a mission. A critical part of force sustainment is supply chain planning (SCP), which involves determining the sources of supply and defining the distribution networks that will be used to meet the sustainment requirements of the force. Although supply chain planning is well-researched in the commercial sector, the military are driven by different criteria and use different planning processes on which there is limited research. In the military domain, supply chain planning involves determining the deliveries required to meet the expected demand of a particular mission by calculating suitable delivery times and supply quantities. This process is typically done using a system called Min/Max, which calculates the deliveries using minimum (Min) and maximum (Max) inventory levels and a number of other constraints. The basic idea is to resupply the inventory of a node (location) when the stock level approaches, but doesn't fall below, the Min inventory level and order enough supplies to bring the stock level up to the Max stock holding capacity. This is traditionally a manual process that can take a group of military planners several hours or days to complete, depending on the size of the problem, and the results are susceptible to human error. This paper presents the Min/Max Planning Algorithm (MPA) which can perform automated supply chain planning using the Min/Max system. Given an SCP problem with an expected profile of demand, the MPA uses the constraints defined for each node and the expected demand to calculate a suitable order profile for that node. Each node's order profile is combined with the profiles of its dependants, providing a complete picture of the supplies that a node will require to sustain itself and its dependants over the course of the mission. These combined order profiles are then converted into a list of deliveries which provides an overall solution to the SCP problem. The MPA has been evaluated using four SCP problems of increasing complexity, which are representative of typical planning problems encountered by the Australian Defence Force. The results show that the MPA is able to solve all of these problems and keep the expected minimum stock level above a defined threshold, which provides a suitable buffer against uncertainty when the calculated deliveries are actually executed. The algorithm is also computationally efficient, being able to solve large SCP problems in less than a second. This is a significant improvement on the hours or days that it could take a military planner to perform the same calculations by hand.
CSM: A Framework of Recommendation System Combining Network Structure and Messages

The evolving of Internet technology allows people to communicate even they are far away from each other. More and more people share information and exchange their thoughts via the communities on the websites and become friends. A larger community usually attracts more users. Therefore, how to enhance the development of a social network on the website is an important issue for the survival of a website. In this paper, we combine the social network features into the recommendation system. In addition to messages between nodes, the features of network structure are taken into consideration. Experimental results show that the recommendation accuracy of our method is higher than the existing method which is based on the message ratio.
Money Growth Bias and Output Variability in Nigeria: An Empirical Perspective

The application of the Kydland-Prescott and Barro-Gordon framework on money growth bias and economic growth proxied with output growth focuses on monetary authorities’ desire to stimulate output above its natural growth rate. This paper shows that output stabilization target by the monetary authority often generates money growth bias in Nigeria. However, maintaining stable domestic price around the public expectation increases output above the full employment but at the cost of high output volatility. This is in line with Rogoff (1985) proposition on delegation approach as a solution to dynamic inconsistency problem. The paper adopts Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL), Autoregressive Moving Average (ARMA), Generalized Autoregressive Conditional Heteroscedasticity GARCH (1, 1) and the threshold GARCH (1, 1) modeling framework as well as Cointegration Analysis (Bound testing and Johansen-Juseluis procedure). The annual data used in the estimations were sourced from the Central Bank of Nigeria (1970 - 2010). Keywords: money growth bias, output growth, money growth expectation, co-integration, unit roots test, autoregressive distributed lag model, autoregressive moving average model and bound testing.
Monitoring of virtual network functions: Efficient transmission of performance metrics

ii Abstract (in Finnish) . iii Acknowledgements . iv
How Productivity Can Be Affected By Human Capital

In this article we will discuss about how human resources management will affect the productivity. This article will tell about the meaning of human resource management and the meaning of productivity. We also tell the component in the human resource management such as training, incentive and reward that can give impact towards productivity of a company or organization.
Understanding sex change in exploited fish populations: a review of East Coast fish stocks and assessment of selectivity and sex change in black sea bass (Centropristis striata) in New Jersey

Fishing operations are often biased toward certain individuals in the population, resulting in fishing mortality that varies by size and age. In protogynous hermaphrodite species (female to male sex change), the sex ratio varies with size and, consequently, indirectly causes fishing gear to be sex selective. Protogyny is also associated with complex social structures and patterns of sex-specific behavior that may directly result in sex selectivity. A tagging experiment was carried out in 2011 and 2012 in south central New Jersey on black sea bass (Centroprisitis striata), an economically important protogynous hermaphrodite. Tagging data were used to measure sex selectivity curves for commercial and recreational fishing gears, and to measure sex change as a function of size, age, and season to further understand black sea bass life history. Sex selectivity curves varied by sex and gear. Male black sea bass experienced increasing selectivity with greater body size, producing an asymptotic selectivity curve. Alternatively, males experienced dome-shaped selectivity by commercial traps, indicating traps were biased toward intermediate size males. Male black sea bass also experienced greater selectivity over a wider range of body sizes compared to female selectivity for both fishing gears. Commercial traps captured a higher proportion of males at length compared to hook-and-line fishing gear, especially at small to intermediate body sizes. Sex change was found in eight females, size at sex change was 365 mm and all sex changing females were 3-4 years old. In 2011 15 females were tagged and recaptured in 2012 to verify sex change, seven of these changed sex, giving an
Droplet clustering via droplet spacing measurements from RICO

The possibility of cm-scale structure in cumuluscloud droplet-concentrations has been investigated via observations both in-situ (Baker 1992, Chaumat and Brenguier 2001, Kostinski and Shaw 2001, Pinsky and Khain 2001) and remote (Baker and Brenguier 2006, Erkelens et al. 2001), and via models both laboratory (Lazaro and Lasheras 1989, Squires and Eaton 1991), and numerical (Fung and Perkins 1989, Crisanti et al. 1992, Vaillancourt and Yau 2000). The consequences of such small-scale structure may or may not have significant implications for the basic cloud physics of droplet growth by condensation and growth by collision and coalescence (Shaw et al. 1998, Brenguier and Chaumat 2001). However, the question of whether cm-scale structure really exists to a significant extent has been the subject of debate (Grabowski and Vaillancourt 1999) and at least one workshop (Shaw 2002) and has remained open for more than two decades. The question has remained open for several reasons. The experiments cannot model the high Reynolds number of cumulus clouds and are therefore suggestive but not conclusive. The in-situ measurements have never been substantiated with an independent measurement. The subject of this work is to address the later reason.
Key Legal and Ethnoecological Components of a Bioprospecting Agenda 1

Any bioprospecting endeavor has many important legal and ethnoecological ramifications. Frequently, however, these ramifications are subtle, and those involved in a bioprospecting project consequently lose sight of these ramifications amid more prominent scientific, industrial, and commercial objectives of the endeavor. The more that the legal and ethnoecological ramifications can be brought to the surface, placed in context, and thoroughly evaluated for any given bioprospecting project, though, the more likely that a bioprospecting undertaking will have a positive impact on the people and ecosystems affected, which should be an integral objective of any bioprospecting project.PRIVATE