Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Regressions with Berkson errors in covariates - A nonparametric approach

This paper establishes that so-called instrumental variables enable the identification and the estimation of a fully nonparametric regression model with Berkson-type measurement error in the regressors. An estimator is proposed and proven to be consistent. Its practical performance and feasibility are investigated via Monte Carlo simulations as well as through an epidemiological application investigating the effect of particulate air pollution on respiratory health. These examples illustrate that Berkson errors can clearly not be neglected in nonlinear regression models and that the proposed method represents an effective remedy.
Economic evaluation of the MEDENOX trial: a Canadian perspective. Medical Patients with Enoxaparin.

OBJECTIVE To perform an economic evaluation of the Prophylaxis in Medical Patients with Enoxaparin (MEDENOX) trial from a Canadian perspective. METHOD Using a decision tree model, cost effectiveness analysis was carried out to compare the costs and consequences of thromboprophylaxis using enoxaparin 40 mg with placebo in tertiary and community settings. From a third party payer's perspective, the model calculated the expected rate of symptomatic venous thromboembolism (VTE), and the total expected cost of prophylaxis and VTE management, including inpatient and outpatient treatment, professional fees and long term therapy. Data were derived directly from the MEDENOX trial. Costs are direct medical costs in year 2000 Canadian dollars. RESULTS In a tertiary setting in which the estimated inpatient to outpatient deep vein thrombosis treatment ratio was 10%:90%, the total expected cost per patient was 64 dollars in the enoxaparin group and 62 dollars in the placebo group. The expected symptomatic VTE rates were 0.8% and 3.1% in the enoxaparin and placebo groups, respectively. The incremental cost effectiveness of enoxaparin 40 mg versus placebo was 87 dollars/VTE avoided. In a community hospital setting (with a 50%:50% inpatient to outpatient deep vein thrombosis treatment ratio), the total expected cost per patient was 68 dollars in the enoxaparin group compared with 72 dollars in the placebo group, indicating that prophylaxis with enoxaparin 40 mg was cost saving. The model was sensitive to the inpatient to outpatient ratio. However, within each setting, the results were not sensitive to changes in key variables. CONCLUSION For patients hospitalized for acute respiratory failure, congestive heart failure or acute infectious disease and who are at moderate risk of developing VTE, thromboprophylaxis with enoxaparin 40 mg daily is a cost effective strategy in both tertiary and community settings.
Renal phenotype is exacerbated in Os and lpr double mutant mice.

BACKGROUND ROP-Os/+ mice are born with oligosyndactyly and oligonephronia and develop renal dysfunction, which includes renal tubular epithelial cell (RTC) Fas-dependent apoptosis and tubular atrophy. MRL/lpr mice harbor a Fas-inactivating mutation and develop glomerulonephritis, whereas mice expressing lpr on a C3H background demonstrate no renal phenotype. We hypothesized that crossing ROP-Os/+ with CH3-lpr/lpr mice would rescue the Os/+ renal phenotype by reducing Fas-dependent RTC apoptosis. METHODS ROP-Os/+ mice were intercrossed with C3H-lpr/lpr mice and F(2) generation animals were phenotyped by kidney weight, serum creatinine, and albuminuria. Kidney sections were scored for histopathology and apoptosis. Univariate and multivariate analyses were used to examine additive effects of Os and lpr on renal phenotype. RESULTS By 16 weeks, F(2)Os/+ lpr/lpr mice developed significantly more albuminuria, glomerulosclerosis, and interstitial inflammation compared to Os/++/+ mice. Glomerular cell apoptosis was increased in Os/+ lpr/lpr compared to Os/++/+ mice, with no significant difference in RTC apoptosis. A statistically significant Os-lpr effect on renal phenotype was demonstrated by multivariate analysis, which exceeded the combined independent effects if Os and lpr, indicating a biologic interaction exists between Os and lpr. CONCLUSION Os/+ mice with a superimposed lpr mutation displayed a more severe renal phenotype, rather than phenotype rescue, suggesting that Fas pathway activation is necessary to delete cells resulting from Os-dependent injury. We further propose that an Os-lpr gene interaction and/or mixed ROP-C3H genetic background regulated the renal phenotype, consistent with the concept that chronic renal disease pathogenesis reflects effects of multiple nephropathy susceptibility alleles.
Prolonged Exposure to Levetiracetam Reveals a Presynaptic Effect on Neurotransmission

Summary: Purpose: The antiepileptic drug levetiracetam (LEV) is an enigma. Despite the fact that it specifically binds to the presynaptic vesicle protein, SV2A, no satisfactory mechanism of action has yet been identified. Using a combination of electrophysiological and cellular imaging techniques, we carefully tested the hypothesis that LEV directly interferes with neurotransmitter release.
Identifying key effective factors on the implementation process of business intelligence in the banking industry of Iran

Though many organizations have turned to developing and using business intelligence systems, not all have been successful in implementing such systems. These systems have social-technical dimensions with many elements and are very complicated. Numerous studies have been carried out on implementation and employment of business intelligence, but in the past studies only specific aspects and dimensions have been addressed. The aim of this study is to identify key factors in the implementation process of business intelligence in the Iranian banking industry. The present research is objectively applied as a survey study in implementation strategy. Also it is a descriptive study in terms of the research plan and data collection where two documentary and field study methods have been used for collecting data. The statistical population of this study comprises experts and professionals in information technology who are active in implementing solutions for business intelligence in the banking industry of Iran. In this study, 16 people were chosen based on non-random judgment sampling combined with targeted and snowball sampling as a statistical sample and their viewpoints were extracted and refined using the Fuzzy Delphi Technique. First through studying past research records and reviewing literature of effective factors in implementing business intelligence process, 37 factors were identified. Then by implementing five rounds of the Fuzzy Delphi Technique, 39 factors were confirmed as significant among 37 factors affecting the business intelligence implementation process in past studies and 10 factors proposed by experts. Also, these 39 factors were classified in nine main groups including organizational, human, data quality, environmental, system ability, strategic, service quality, technical infrastructure, and managerial factors. Managers and executives of business intelligence projects in Iran's banking industry can achieve the given objectives and results by considering such significant factors in planning and taking measures related to effective implementation of business intelligence.
Spin-orbit-induced longitudinal spin-polarized currents in nonmagnetic solids

For certain nonmagnetic solids with low symmetry the occurrence of spin-polarized longitudinal currents is predicted. These arise due to an interplay of spin-orbit interaction and the particular crystal symmetry. This result is derived using a group-theoretical scheme that allows investigating the symmetry properties of any linear response tensor relevant to the field of spintronics. For the spin conductivity tensor it is shown that only the magnetic Laue group has to be considered in this context.Within the introduced general scheme also the spin Hall and additional related transverse effects emerge without making reference to the two-current model. Numerical studies confirm these findings and demonstrate for (Au1−xPtx )4Sc that the longitudinal spin conductivity may be on the same order of magnitude as the conventional transverse one. The presented formalism only relies on the magnetic space group and therefore is universally applicable to any type of magnetic order.
Involvement of CCL18 in allergic asthma.

Allergic asthma is associated with a pulmonary recruitment of Th type 2 cells, basophils, and eosinophils, mainly linked to chemokine production. CCL18 is a chemokine preferentially expressed in the lung, secreted by APCs, induced by Th2-type cytokines, and only present in humans. Therefore, CCL18 may be involved in allergic asthma. PBMC from asthmatics allergic to house dust mite cultured in the presence of Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus 1 (Der p 1) allergen secreted CCL18, 48 and 72 h after stimulation, whereas those from healthy donors did not. Part of CCL18 was directly derived from Der p 1-stimulated plasmacytoid dendritic cells, whereas the other part was linked to monocyte activation by IL-4 and IL-13 produced by Der p 1-stimulated T cells. In bronchoalveolar lavages from untreated asthmatic allergic patients, CCL18 was highly increased compared with controls. Functionally, CCL18 preferentially attracted in vitro-polarized Th2 cells and basophils, but not eosinophils and Th1 cells, and induced basophil histamine and intracellular calcium release. These data show a new function for CCL18, i.e., the recruitment of Th2 cells and basophils, and suggest that CCL18 may play a predominant role in allergic asthma. The Journal of Immunology, 2006, 176: 6286–6293.
Optimizing the Locations and Sizes of Solar Assisted Electric Vehicle Charging Stations in an Urban Area

With the wide-spread adoption of electric vehicles (EVs), introducing solar energy in building EV charging stations is promising as it can reduce carbon emissions and improve air quality. The main challenges are how to decide where to build solar assisted charging stations in a city and how to size the charging stations, as the decision is affected by a broad range of factors, such as construction cost, solar energy fluctuation, and user requirements. This paper proposed an approach to efficiently decide the locations and sizes of solar energy assisted charging stations for an urban area. Experiments are conducted on real EV history data from 297 users of an EV leasing company. The results show that the proposed method can produce high quality decisions within reasonable computation time. The work of this paper will provide important information for decision makers to integrate solar energy into the EV charging infrastructure.
Factors That Affect the Decisions for Buying Goods and Service on the Internet, Kasem Bundit University

This paper is a research on factors that affect the student’s decisions for buying products and services on internet by using data analysis from 345 students as the sample group. The study is used descriptive statistic as basic statistic for describing characteristics of the sample group by using percentage calculation for analyzing sample’s personality, mean calculation for analyzing level of opinion, and standard deviation calculation for analyzing level of opinion. The study found that factor of product is the variety of goods and services. Factor of price is the specific explicitly price of goods and services. Factor of distribution channels are easy-to-use and beautiful website. Factors of boosting the market is guaranteed to deliver goods and services. The personnel factor is that employees are knowledgeable about our products and services. Factor of the process serving is a beautiful site that easy to use with clear detailed. Factor of service environment is booking or buying goods and services can be done all in one step.
Requirements for ATP binding and hydrolysis in RecA function in Escherichia coli

RecA is essential for recombination, DNA repair and SOS induction in Escherichia coli. ATP hydrolysis is known to be important for RecA's roles in recombination and DNA repair. In vitro reactions modelling SOS induction minimally require ssDNA and non‐hydrolyzable ATP analogues. This predicts that ATP hydrolysis will not be required for SOS induction in vivo. The requirement of ATP binding and hydrolysis for SOS induction in vivo is tested here through the study of recA4159 (K72A) and recA2201 (K72R). RecA4159 is thought to have reduced affinity for ATP. RecA2201 binds, but does not hydrolyse ATP. Neither mutant was able to induce SOS expression after UV irradiation. RecA2201, unlike RecA4159, could form filaments on DNA and storage structures as measured with RecA–GFP. RecA2201 was able to form hybrid filaments and storage structures and was either recessive or dominant to RecA+, depending on the ratio of the two proteins. RecA4159 was unable to enter RecA+ filaments on DNA or storage structures and was recessive to RecA+. It is concluded that ATP hydrolysis is essential for SOS induction. It is proposed that ATP binding is essential for storage structure formation and ability to interact with other RecA proteins in a filament.
The Practice of Management Accounting in Finland - a Change?

Accounting education is argued to be in crisis and several changes to it have been recommended lately (Siegel & Sorensen, 1999; Russell et al., 2000). This study is motivated by the question of how accounting education should be developed to provide the knowledge, skills and capabilities required by contemporary organizations. The aim is to ascertain the main managerial accounting tasks of practicing accountants. The relative importance of various tasks is identified and the knowledge, skills and abilities necessary for the competent performance of those work activities are studied. Moreover, we aim to focus on whether there has been a change in activities, especially from bean counters to business partners, and how the work will change in the next three years. The study was conducted as a survey (the number of respondents was 300, response rate 30 %). The results suggest that the most common and important activities are fairly traditional accounting duties, such as financial reporting and budgeting. These are assumed to change somewhat in the near future, however. Although no TEEMU MALMI, Professor TOMI SEPPALA, Professor
Usefulness of Systematic Histological Examination in Routine Forensic Autopsy *

Abstract: The forensic community does not agree on the need to perform histological examination at forensic autopsy. The aim of our study was to determine the usefulness of systematic standard histology in forensic autopsies. A prospective study was carried out on 428 autopsy cases for which standard histological examination was systematic. Mechanism of death not shown by gross anatomic findings was discovered by histology in about 40% of the cases. Cause of death was established by only histology in 8.4% of the cases. Microscopic findings affected the manner of death in 13% of the cases. Histology provided complementary information about prior medical condition of the deceased in about 49% of the cases. Traumatic lesions were better documented by histology in about 22% of the cases. According to the results of our study, systematic standard histology for the main organs should be used in routine forensic autopsies.
What Influences Produce Growers' On-Farm Expenditures for Food Safety? A Colorado Investigation of Relationships among Farm Scale, Value of Sales, Market Channel, and Expenditure Levels

One in six Americans gets sick each year from largely preventable foodborne illnesses (CDC 2015; US FDA 2014), and the public health costs of such illnesses are estimated to exceed $93.2 billion a year, or $350 per resident (Scharf 2015). In an effort to address the public health costs of foodborne illnesses, the Food Safety Modernization Act (FSMA) was signed into law on February 4, 2011, marking the first major overhaul of the U.S. regulatory system for food safety since the 1930s, and requiring a major shift in regulatory focus from detection to prevention (Hassanein 2011). For the first time, farmers who grow fresh produce known to be susceptible to bacterial contamination must adhere to mandatory federal produce safety standards— standards designed to reduce or eliminate microbial contamination of fresh produce from the farm to the consumer—including standards for agricultural production and postharvest water, worker hygiene, food contact surfaces, temperature controls, and animals in the growing area. Yet there is concern that small and mid-scale producers, particularly those selling through locally-oriented and diverse market channels, will be adversely impacted by this regulation in terms of compliance and reporting costs (Holcomb et al. 2013).
Neural correlates of imaginal aggressive behavior assessed by positron emission tomography in healthy subjects.

OBJECTIVE Neurodegenerative or traumatic lesions of the frontal lobes often lead to abnormally aggressive behavior. The authors hypothesized that the imaginal evoking of scenarios involving aggressive behavior would be associated with a modulation of the functional activity in the human frontal cortex. METHOD Regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF) determinations by positron emission tomography and psychophysiological measures of emotional responsivity were obtained in a group of 15 young healthy volunteers with good visual imagery abilities and no history of abnormal behavior while they imagined the same scenario with four variations involving emotionally neutral behavior and aggressive behavior. RESULTS Compared to the imagined neutral scenario, the imagined scenarios involving aggressive behavior were associated with significant emotional reactivity and rCBF reductions in the ventromedial prefrontal cortex, suggesting that a functional deactivation of this cortical area occurs when individuals respond to the eliciting of imagined aggressive behavior. CONCLUSIONS These results in healthy subjects further expand previous findings from animal and human studies by providing an in vivo functional demonstration of the involvement of the orbitofrontal cortex in the expression of aggressive behavior. They are also consistent with the hypothesis that a functional alteration of this cortical region may be present in individuals with pathological aggressive behavior.
nflammatory Markers and the Metabolic Syndrome nsights From Therapeutic Interventions

Inflammation in the vasculature might be an important pathogenic link between cardiovascular diseases and the metabolic syndrome. Inflammation can be reduced by a variety of approaches including diet, exercise, cardiovascular drugs, and insulin sensitizers. Importantly, these different measures improve vascular function and reduce inflammation by distinct mechanisms. Therefore, combination therapy including lifestyle modifications and multiple drugs from separate classes might produce additive beneficial outcomes. We review plausible mechanisms for effects of combination therapy to reduce inflammation, improve endothelial dysfunction, and decrease insulin resistance in atherosclerosis, coronary heart disease, and hypertension in the context of insulin-resistant states including diabetes, obesity, and the metabolic syndrome. (J Am Coll Cardiol 2005;46:1978–85) © 2005 by the American ublished by Elsevier Inc. doi:10.1016/j.jacc. 2005.06. 082
Coronary stent concertina in proximal left anterior descending artery: An unusual case

Since the emergence of stents, there has been persistent improvement in flexibility and deliverability of stents with modifications in its design and number of connectors. This has unfortunately created negative effect on longitudinal strength of stent resulting into a recently recognized and unaccustomed complication, longitudinal stent deformation (LSD). It is an abrupt shortening of the stent along its longitudinal axis, usually after deployment, due to various reasons. We present a case of LSD in Promus Element stent implanted at proximal left anterior descending artery. The stent shortening was about 25%–30% of its actual length. As this led to exposure of a part of lesion, it was successfully managed by overlapping another stent.
Device Design Guideline for HfO₂-Based Ferroelectric-Gated Nanoelectromechanical System

Previous studies have suggested that the operating voltage and energy-delay properties of a nanoelectromechanical (NEM) system can be improved using the negative capacitance (NC) effect of ferroelectric materials. However, the advantages of using the NC effects alone have been utilized for perovskite ferroelectric materials, which is incompatible in complementary metal–oxide–semiconductor (CMOS) fabrication processes. In this work, a CMOS-compatible HfO<sub>2</sub>-based ferroelectric material is used for the NC + NEM system. The effects of the ferroelectric properties [i.e., remnant polarization (<inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\text{P}_{\mathrm{ r}}$ </tex-math></inline-formula>) and coercive field (<inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\text{E}_{\mathrm{ c}}$ </tex-math></inline-formula>)] on the NC + NEM system performance are studied in detail. The results show that the NC + NEM system can operate as a relay or a memory device depending on the <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\text{P}_{\mathrm{ r}}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> and <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\text{E}_{\mathrm{ c}}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> values. Moreover, the pull-in/out voltages of the NC + NEM system are more sensitively affected by <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\text{E}_{\mathrm{ c}}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> rather than <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\text{P}_{\mathrm{ r}}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> and decrease as <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\text{E}_{\mathrm{ c}}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> increases. The device design guideline with appropriate <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\text{P}_{\mathrm{ r}}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> and <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\text{E}_{\mathrm{ c}}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> values of the HfO<sub>2</sub>-based ferroelectric material is thus developed and discussed to improve the electrical characteristics of NC + NEM relay/memory devices.
Signal transduction in the visual system of Drosophila.

GENES INVOLVED IN PHOTOTRANSDUCTION . 1 69 Rhodopsins . 169 G Proteins '" 172 norpA Encodes a Phospholipase C . 1 73 Second Messengers and Light-activated Channels 173
Visualization of perceptual qualities in Textural sounds

We describe a visualization strategy that is capable of efficiently representing relevant perceptual qualities of textural sounds. The general aim is to develop intuitive screenbased interfaces representing large collections of sounds, where sound retrieval shall be much facilitated by the exploitation of cross-modal mechanisms of human perception. We propose the use of metaphoric sensory properties that are shared between sounds and graphics, constructing a meaningful mapping of auditory to visual dimensions. For this purpose, we have implemented a visualization using tiled maps, essentially combining low-dimensional projection and iconic representation. To prove the suitability we show detailed results of experiments having been conducted in the form of an online survey. Potential future use in music creation is illustrated by a prototype sound browser application.