Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Polyphasic taxonomy for species delineation of genus Penicillium

Penicillium is an important fungus which is known to produce enzymes, antibiotics organic acids and mycotoxins. The Penicillium species mostly cause post harvest diseases and are able to grow on seeds at low humidity and also cause the devastating rots in food crops as preand postharvest pathogens. Penicillium is an ascomycetous fungus belongs to the family Trichomaceae which currently contains 354 accepted species. Penicillium species are very common and the taxonomic structure of the genus is well defined but the species identification is problematic due to overlapping morphological characters. Therefore, it is necessary to find an alternative method for accurate species identification. An attempt was made for authentic identification of different species of Penicillium using polyphasic approach of morphology, molecular and chemo-profiling data. Fifteen isolates of Penicillium were collected from the soil samples taken from the experimental field of ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute (IARI), New Delhi. Another twenty six isolates were procured from Indian Type Culture Collection, Division of Plant Pathology, ICAR-IARI, New Delhi. All 41 isolates were characterized based on the distinct macroscopic (colony colour and texture; exudate production; soluble pigmentation; reverse colouration and mycelial growth) and microscopic observations (type of penicillus; shape of phialides; conidial shape, size and pigmentation). Molecular characterization was done using partial β-tubulin gene which is an excellent marker for species resolution of genus Penicillium. The morphological characterization was matched with the β-tubulin gene based identification and the nine different species viz., P. aethiopicum, P. chrysogenum, P. crustosum, P. janthinellum, P. mononematosum, P. oxalicum, P. polonicum, P. singorense and Talaromyces pinophilus were confirmed. All these 41 isolates were inspected for the production of secondary metabolites. Thin Layer Chromatography (TLC) was carried out from crude ethyl acetate extracts and on the basis of banding pattern, the isolates were clustered into different groups. Gas chromatography mass spectrometry (GC-MS) of 19 representative isolates selected from the above groups were analyzed. These isolates were segregated into seven groups based on volatiles compounds produced. Based on the combined data of morphology, molecular and chemo-profiling of 19 isolates of Penicillium, seven species viz. P. aethiopicum, P. chrysogenum, P. crustosum, P. janthinellum, P. mononematosum, P. polonicum and Talaromyces pinophilus were established.
Modeling Fluid Reinjection Into an Enhanced Geothermal System

The manuscript analyzes the stimulation for an Enhanced Geothermal System development in Acoculco, Mexico. Using an analytical penny‐shaped hydraulic fracture model covering different propagation regimes, we computed the final fracture length and width by varying fluid properties with temperature. Our analysis indicates that for the given scenario, the fluid viscosity plays a minor role and instead flow rate and time of the stimulation are the controlling variables. We computed the fracture reopening as a consequence of water reinjection in the second stage of the stimulation through numerical computations based on the enriched discontinuity method. The computation shows that a single isolated fracture will not provide sufficient permeability, as the continuous injection will quickly fill and pressurize the crack. We demonstrate that the fracture needs to be connected to a permeable network to avoid excessive pressurization and achieve a commercially exploitable reservoir for Enhanced Geothermal System.
Rodent Assemblages in the Mosaic of Habitat Types in the Zambezian Bioregion

Rodent assemblages have ecological importance in ecosystem functioning and protected area management. Our study examines the patterns of assemblages of rodents across four habitat types (i.e., Miombo woodland, Acacia woodland, grasslands and farmlands) in the savanna environment. Capture-mark-recapture (CMR) methods were applied for data collection across the Chembe Bird Sanctuary (CBS) landscape. The Non-metric Multi-Dimensional Scaling (NMDS) was used for exploratory data analysis, followed by Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) and Tukey–Kramer’s Honestly Significant Difference (HSD) post-hoc tests. The rodent assemblages in CBS significantly differed between the non-farmlands (i.e., Miombo woodland, Acacia woodland and grasslands) and farmlands. There were: (1) zero rodent diversity in farmlands, dominated completely by a pest species, M. natalensis; and (2) different rodent assemblages in three non-farmland habitat types. We suggest that rodent assemblages should be mediated by conservation planning and multi-stakeholder collaboration beyond the protected area boundaries to contribute to a working CBS landscape positively.
Dehydrins: an overview of current approaches and advancement

: Since plants are exposed to diverse environmental stresses in their natural area, numerous reviews have demonstrated many aspects of dehydrins (DHNs), including structural and functional dynamics, and multiple roles such as membrane protection, cryoprotection of enzymes, chaperone feature, and protection from reactive oxygen species. In this review, we have focused on new information, and other promising and emerging topics of DHNs in plants. This review outlines particularly the potential regulatory mechanisms of DHNs associated with stress tolerance and the role of DHNs in morphological responses of the plants exposed to environmental stresses. Besides the discussion of the signaling pathways involved in DHN expression under abiotic stress, novel aspects about the effect of DHN transcript or the protein accumulation on the tolerance to the stress factors are also presented in transgenic and non-transgenic plants. We hope that this review will help us better understand the role of these impressive proteins in plant stress response mechanisms.
Global patterns in phytoplankton biomass and community size structure in relation to macronutrients in the open ocean

Owing to the dynamic nature of nutrient‐phytoplankton interactions, ambient macronutrient concentrations reveal little about the impact of nutrient availability on phytoplankton biomass and community composition at any given point in time or space. Here, however, we examine a global dataset (n = 262) where phytoplankton community structure and biomass are related to ambient concentrations of dissolved inorganic nitrogen (DIN), phosphate (P), and silicate. The macroecological patterns emerging from the analysis suggests plausible causal relationships between nutrient availability and global phytoplankton community responses: When DIN and P are below ca. 5 μM and 0.5 μM, respectively, increases in the concentration of either nutrient correlate with increases in both biomass and the contribution of large cells to the total phytoplankton biomass. At higher concentrations, increasing DIN or P concentrations do not correlate with increases in biomass. However, the fraction of large phytoplankton continues to increase with increasing concentrations suggesting DIN and P availability to be important factors in controlling phytoplankton community composition over the entire spectrum of potential macronutrient availability in the open ocean. Ambient silicate concentrations were not strongly associated with phytoplankton community structure or biomass. Nor did the DIN/P ratio correlate with community structure indicating that this ratio is a poor descriptor of phytoplankton limitation at the community scale. No empirical evidence was found for commonly referred threshold values for nutrient limitation (i.e., 2 μM, 0.2 μM, and 2 μM for DIN, P, and silicate, respectively) suggesting that these threshold values may not contain any practical information.
Effect of adding TiO2 nanoparticles on the impact toughness for welding joints of mild steel

ABSTRACT The application of nanotechnology in the welding process has great importance in developing the mechanical properties of welding joints. The aim of this paper was to investigated the effect of addition titanium dioxide nanoparticles(TiO2) to welding joints by using cold spary technique and study the possibility of improving the impact toughness of the welding joint and increase its operation life. Three weight fraction are used of TiO2 (0.75%, 1.5%, and 2%). The results showed there are improvements in the Impact toughness of welded joints with an increase of TiO2 concentrations. The average Impact toughness for the welded sample without TiO2 was (162.4 J), while the average Impact toughness for the welded sample with (1.5) % TiO2 NPs. was (231.2 J) at increasing ratio of (42.36 %) due to the good toughness properties of TiO2 that increase the toughness of welding zone. The Microstructure image by SEM showed that the addition of TiO2 decreases the grain size in the welding zone and makes it more homogeneous, which gives it more toughness. The EDS analysis shows that increase TiO2 NPs leads to increase the amount of Ti and decrease the amount of Mn, and Si.
Investigation on critical property of Pongamia pinnata oil as liquid dielectrics for Distribution Transformers.

Distribution Transformers are one of the imperative equipment used in the power system. The insulation design of the transformer plays an important role, because it is continuously energized in a day. Due to the electro mechanical stresses, the operating temperature of the distribution transformer will be increased and it is also maintained within the limit using liquid dielectrics. Traditional mineral oil is the one which is used as the liquid dielectric in the Distribution Transformers. Due to its limited fire resistant characteristics, lesser biodegradability characteristics and also due to the lack of fossil fuels, the alternate liquid dielectrics are very important in an insulation design of the Distribution Transformers. This research work has been proposed on non edible Pongamia Pinnata Oil as an alternate liquid dielectric which can be used in Distribution Transformers. This paper Pongamia Pinnata Oil (PPO) Electrical, Physical and chemical properties has been estimated according to Indian standard to study the feasibility of alternating liquid dielectrics. The experiments results are compared with traditionally used mineral oil. It has been found that PPO has better Electrical, physicochemical characteristics than that of mineral oil.
Seasonal Variation of the Quasi‐Biennial Oscillation Descent

This study examines variations through the year in the rate of descent of the quasi‐biennial oscillation (QBO) wind in the tropical lower stratosphere. The work is based on the Modern‐Era Retrospective analysis for Research and Applications, Version 2 (MERRA‐2) multiyear global reanalysis. A 10‐member ensemble of free‐running atmospheric simulations using the Global Earth Observing System (GEOS) atmospheric general circulation model is also examined. The QBO winds are decomposed into two orthogonal modes that describe amplitude and phase propagation. This reveals a semiannual signal in descent rate, with slow descent at times of large middle‐latitude planetary wave activity, suggesting that this wave activity influences equatorial vertical velocity. This result also explains the suppression of QBO wind transitions during active wave times. Results also show a variation in descent speed when plotted against QBO phase. These results provide a baseline of QBO behavior for future QBO modeling.
Effect of impurity radiation and helium particle confinement on tokamak–reactor plasma performance

In this paper two important matters for assessments the D–T plasma performance of future tokamak–reactors such as ITER and EU–DEMO projects are discussed. The first issue is the heat removal via the radiation of intrinsic and seeded impurities. The second is the helium particle confinement and ash removal. To study these issues, a simple numerical 0.5D-model is proposed. The impurity radiation in the tokamak high–temperature plasma is described by the coronal model. Coronal radiative cooling used rates are based on the tabulated data published in the recent works. Helium particle confinement and ash exhaust efficiency are determined by the variable parameter ρ* characterizing the ratio between the global helium particle confinement time τHe∗ and the energy confinement time τ E . Such approach allows simultaneously obtaining solutions of the particle and energy balance equations in steady–state conditions, taking account of the effect of impurity radiation loss and ash poisoning. Using known energy confinement scaling τ E and design parameters of the ITER and EU–DEMO projects the particle and energy balance equations have been solved. For fixed values of impurities concentration and ratios ρ*, iso–curves of constant fusion power were obtained. These curves are similar to the well–known Plasma OPeration CONtours (POPCON). The POPCON curves are often used to study the operating points of tokamak–reactors. It is shown that for the ITER parameters there is a noticeable margin in the ratio ρ*. For the design parameters of the EU–DEMO project, the margin for ratio ρ* is very small, which casts doubt on the feasibility of the project in its current form (at least with regard to the EU–DEMO steady–state project). Further research in this area is required. The methods and results obtained in this paper can be used for further conceptual analysis of tokamak–reactors operating space.
Integrated Geothermal Energy Systems for Small-Scale Combined Heat and Power Production: Energy and Economic Investigation

In recent years, an increasing interest in geothermal energy has been registered in both the scientific community and industry. The present work aims to analyse the energy performance and the economic viability of an innovative high-efficiency geothermal-driven integrated system for a combined heat and power (CHP) application. The system consists of a heat exchanger (HEX) and a transcritical organic Rankine cycle (ORC) that work in parallel to exploit a high-temperature geothermal source (230 °C) and satisfy the energy demand of a commercial centre located in Southern Italy. The ORC and HEX sub-units can operate at partial load to increase the system flexibility and to properly react to continuous changes in energy request. A lumped model was developed to find the proper operating conditions and to evaluate the energy production on an hourly basis over the whole year. In particular, a multi-variable optimisation was implemented to find the most suitable configuration and a 101.4 kWel ORC was selected while the HEX nominal power was 249.5 kWth. The economic viability of the integrated system was evaluated in terms of net present value and payback period and different operating strategies were compared: thermal-driven, electric-driven, and a mixed strategy. The latter turned out to be the best solution according to both energy and economic criteria, with electric and thermal self-consumptions larger than 90%, with no heat dumping and a payback time close to five years.
Paradermal Studies on the Stomata of some Species of Asteraceae

Stomata are specialized structures responsible for exchange of gases i.e. CO 2 and O 2 between plants and the environment thereby performs two important physiological functions, viz., photosynthesis and respiration. The structure of stomata is considered as important taxonomic tool for identification of plants. The present paper deals with the paradermal studies on the stomata of 15 species of family Asteracece done through light microscope and scanning electron microscope. The study reveals a considerable difference in the structures and number of stomata found on the adaxial and abaxial surfaces of the leaf. Two types of stomatal types viz. anomocytic (irregular celled) and anisocytic (unequal celled) were observed in the present study. Stomatal density was found to be ranging from 41.519 mm -2 (Gillardia pulchella) to 276.166 mm -2 (Helianthus annuus) on the abaxial surface of leaves while 23.90 mm -2 (Gillardia pulchella) to 225.83 mm -2 (Wedelia trilobata) on the adaxial surface of leaves of selected species of Asteraceae. Stomata of 13 species were of medium size and only two species Gillardia pulchella and Zinnia multiflora showed stomata to be of large size.
Structural Dynamic Improvement for Petal-Type Deployable Solid-Surface Reflector Based on Numerical Parameter Study

Petal-type Deployable Solid-surface Reflector (PDSR) is a kind of important structure widely applied in deployable reflector antennas in aerospace engineering. The dynamic properties of this reflector structure in deployed state are significant to the reflector accuracy for antennas. However, the study of the dynamic evaluation of deployable structure with revolute joints is difficult and seldom concerned by researchers. In order to study dynamic properties of the PDSR, the Cable Replacement Method (CRM) was utilized to equivalently simulate the nonlinear structural stiffness of the revolute joint for numerical analyses. The Finite Element Model (FEM) of this reflector structure was established by commercial software ANSYS (ANSYS Inc., Canonsburg, PA, USA) and verified by the theoretical analysis and dynamic test of actual prototype model. The natural frequencies and mode shapes of deployed reflector were computed to study the influence of drag spring design parameters as stiffness, pre-tensioned force, and distance of two adjacent linkage butts. Finally, the analysis results were concluded that the drag springs between two adjacent petals can essentially improve the dynamic performance of reflector structure in deployed state. It can be a useful technical system for future engineering applications of PDSR antennas.
Does the changing world of professional work need a new approach to accounting education?

ABSTRACT The paper raises concerns about entry-level positions within large organisations as corporate accounting tasks are re-engineered, automated and relocated. Reduced opportunities for accounting graduates to start their careers are but one factor in a confluence of challenges to accounting education; not least, that in England and Wales study debt is around £50,000 for a typical degree programme. Drawing on discussions from an education/employer stakeholder group, the enquiry finds that longstanding tensions about the optimal mix of intellectual, technical and generic skills in accounting education might be better framed within a broader process of helping students to develop a social identity relevant to their work context. A key proposal is that educators should play a pivotal role in mentoring students so that they develop their own sense of preprofessional identity and thus, become work-ready on graduation.
Robust Transferable Subspace Learning for Cross-Corpus Facial Expression Recognition

SUMMARY In this letter, we propose a novel robust transferable sub-space learning (RTSL) method for cross-corpus facial expression recognition. In this method, on one hand, we present a novel distance metric algorithm, which jointly considers the local and global distance distribution measure, to reduce the cross-corpus mismatch. On the other hand, we design a label guidance strategy to improve the discriminate ability of sub-space. Thus, the RTSL is much more robust to the cross-corpus recognition problem than traditional transfer learning methods. We conduct extensive experiments on several facial expression corpora to evaluate the recognition performance of RTSL. The results demonstrate the superiority of the proposed method over some state-of-the-art methods.
Identifikasi Morfologi Aksesi Srikaya (Annona squamosa) di Gedangsari Gunungkidul

The purpose of this study to determine the morphological characteristics and variability of planting sugar apple Gedangsari, Gunungkidul, Yogyakarta. Identify the morphological characteristics conducted on 36 plant samples (36 accessions) based method on stratified sampling and purposive sampling. The data were analyzed descriptively and clustering analysis. The results of the research showed that sugar-apple had pyramida canopy shape, plant height of 264±525 cm, oblongus leaves type, integer leaves margins, acuminatus leaves tip form, base acutus leaves, petiole cylindrical shape, dark green petiole, dark green color of the upper surface leaves, faded green color of the lower surface, leaves length 16.06±8.23 cm, leaves width 3,73±6,9 cm, leaves area 24,28±85,71 cm2, round shaped of rod, patens branching pattern, stem circumference 17,5±38 cm, axillary flos of flower layout, having 3 petals, whitish green of flower color, is cordate and round shape of fruit, fruit weight of 83,03±180,3 g, fruit circumference 22,4±19,36 cm, flesh thick 1,73±3,66 mm, whitish green and green of fruit color, the total amount of fruit scales 70±104,66, and the value of PTT between 18-29 obrix, blunt shape of fruit scales, ellipsoid shape of seeds, number seeds 7±70,66 and total seed weight 2,3±19,86g. There were variability include leaves length, leaves width, leaves area, stem girth, fruit weight, fruit girth, fruit flesh thickness, number of fruit scales, PTT values and fruit shape and the fruit skin’s color. The result of clustering analysis showed that similarity coefficient between the accessions was 66%.
The largest dengue outbreak in Argentina and spatial analyses of dengue cases in relation to a control program in a district with sylvan and urban environments

Objective: To analyze the largest outbreak of dengue in Argentina in the municipality of Tigre during 2016, through detailed spatial analyses of the occurrence of cases in relation to demographic factors and vector control actions. Methods: Detailed and georreferenced data on dengue cases with laboratory results (NS1 or IgM) were analyzed. The occurrences of imported and autochthonous cases by census tract were modeled using demographic variables (population by age class, proportion of foreigners, proportion with university grade, proportion of males), dwelling variables (number of homes, proportion of dwellings with latrine, number of dwellings, proportion of houses, proportion of flats, proportion of slums) and census tract area as explanatory variables. The probability of occurrence of autochthonous and imported cases was modeled separately. The spatio-temporal occurrence of cases was studied in relation to focal and perifocal control actions (involving education campaigns, removal of Aedes aegypti breeding sites and exhaustive insecticide spraying) to assess the efficiency in stopping autochthonous cases spreading. Results: All autochthonous cases occurred in the urban environment with no sylvan cases. The majority of the imported cases registered came from Paraguay and Northeastern Argentina. The age structure of imported and autochthonous cases did not differ from the age structure of the municipality, while that of the negative cases did. When studied spatially, the occurrence of imported cases by census tract was mildly associated with a higher proportion of foreign population and more people at active age, while occurrence of autochthonous cases was not significantly associated with any of the studied variables. For census tracts with laboratory confirmed results, the models showed higher probability of autochthonous cases related to higher population density and population age structure. The clustering of autochthonous cases was generally mild, with prevailing isolated cases and a weak spread inside the municipality. The biggest outbreak focus was associated with a delay in the focal vector control. Conclusions: Results confirmed the virus pressure coming from neighboring countries and related to population movement by workers. All autochthonous cases occurred in the urban environment with no sylvan cases. The susceptibility of residents to dengue may be similar among age classes and the laboratory tests were performed more frequently in the younger. Autochthonous cases incidence was low and spatio-temporal clustering of cases weak, suggesting that control measures were effective when no delay occurred in their application.