Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Platelet glycoprotein IIIa polymorphism HPA 1b (PlA2): no association with platelet fibrinogen binding

The role of the platelet glycoprotein (GP) IIIa polymorphism HPA 1b (PlA2) in the risk of arterial thrombosis is controversial. We investigated the effect of the 1b allele on platelet fibrinogen binding by flow cytometry. Samples from 35 healthy platelet and plasma donors possessing the 1b allele were compared with 35 1a/1a donors. We found no allele‐dependent difference in percentage of platelets binding fibrinogen (P = 0.6), nor in mean cell fluorescence (P = 0.3) following stimulation with ADP. These results render it unlikely that any relationship between the 1b polymorphism and arterial thrombosis is mediated by a significant effect on fibrinogen binding.
Agenesis of the dorsal pancreas: systematic review of a clinical challenge.

BACKGROUND Agenesis of the dorsal pancreas is a rare malformation. Since 1911 and until 2008, 53 cases have been reported. Several authors have recently described the association of this anomaly with neoplasia of the ventral pancreas, thus we performed a systematic review of the literature from 2008 to 2015. METHODS A systematic review of the MedLine and ISI Web of Science Databases from 2008 until 2015 was carried out, and 30 articles which met the inclusion criteria were identified that included a total of 53 patients: 7 children and 46 adults. CONCLUSIONS Although dorsal pancreatic agenesis is a rare malformation, given its association with non-alcoholic pancreatitis and neoplasia of the residual pancreas, physicians should maintain an expectant attitude.
Management of urinary incontinence in Medicare managed care beneficiaries: results from the 2004 Medicare Health Outcomes Survey.

BACKGROUND Despite the high prevalence of urinary incontinence (UI) among older persons and the existence of effective treatments, UI remains underreported by patients and underdiagnosed by clinicians. We measured the occurrence of UI problems in Medicare managed care beneficiaries, frequency of physician-patient communication regarding UI, and frequency of UI treatment. METHODS We used cross-sectional data from the 2004 Medicare Health Outcomes Survey, which measured self-reported UI (accidental leakage of urine) and UI problems in the past 6 months, 36-Item Short-Form Health Survey health measures, discussions of UI with a health care provider, and receipt of UI treatment. RESULTS The overall incidence of UI within the past 6 months was 37.3%, consistent with previous estimates. Problems with UI were strongly associated with poorer self-reported health. Mean 36-Item Short-Form Health Survey physical and mental health scores were lower by more than 5 points (on a 100-point scale, P<.001) for respondents with major UI problems when controlling for age, sex, race, Hispanic ethnicity, and major comorbidities. These differences were among the largest of any condition measured. Only 55.5% of those with self-reported UI problems reported discussing these problems during their recent visit to a physician or other health care provider. The rate of patient-reported UI treatment was 56.5% and was lower (P<.001) for older individuals (eg, 46.3% for those aged 90-94 years) or those with poor self-reported health status (50.5%). CONCLUSIONS Among older persons, UI is common, underdiagnosed, and associated with substantial functional impairment. There appears to be considerable opportunity to mitigate the effects of UI on health and quality of life among community-dwelling older persons.
HPV-independent Differentiated Vulvar Intraepithelial Neoplasia (dVIN) is Associated With an Aggressive Clinical Course

Differentiated vulvar intrapeithelial neoplasia (dVIN) is an human papillomavirus (HPV)–independent precursor of squamous cell carcinoma (SCC), and the aim of this study was to better characterize its natural history. Cases of dVIN were identified from the pathology archives. Outcomes of patients with dVIN only, without associated invasive SCC, were compared with a cohort of patients with high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion [HSIL(VIN3)]. Eighteen patients diagnosed with dVIN with adjacent invasive SCC (SCC/dVIN) and 7 patients with dVIN only, without invasive carcinoma, were identified. Mean age in both cohorts was 75 yr. All lesions but 1 were unifocal. In 35% of SCC/dVIN cases the surgical resection margins were positive for SCC, with 75% and 60% having margins positive for dVIN in the SCC/dVIN and dVIN-only cohorts, respectively. In total, 23/25 women with dVIN only or dVIN/SCC, for whom there was follow-up information, experienced either progression to or recurrence of invasive SCC, respectively, at a median of 1.1 yr, including all but 1 case of dVIN only, where the median time of progression to invasive SCC was 1.9 yr. A total of 22/25 women died of disease with a median overall survival of 3.4 yr. The outcome (i.e. progression to invasive carcinoma) of patients with dVIN only was significantly worse than that of a comparison group of 18 patients with HSIL(VIN3) (progression-free survival log-rank, P<0.001; disease-specific survival, P=0.04; overall survival, P=0.01). Six of 7 patients with dVIN only developed invasive carcinoma on follow-up, compared with 0 of 18 patients with HSIL(VIN3). The diagnosis of dVIN indicates the presence of a high-risk human papillomavirus–negative precursor of invasive SCC. These patients are likely to progress to invasive carcinoma over a relatively short period, at which point their prognosis is guarded.
Novel Partitioned Stator Hybrid Excited Switched Flux Machines

A novel partitioned stator (PS) hybrid excited (HE) switched flux (SF) (PS-HESF) machine is proposed in this paper. In the PS-HESF machine, the permanent magnets (PMs) and field windings are allocated on one stator while the armature windings are placed on the other. The iron-piece-rotor is sandwiched between the two stators. Consequently, compared with the conventional HESF machine having PMs, field windings as well as armature windings all on one stator, the available space of the novel machine is greatly boosted and therefore the performance is enhanced. Based on 2-D finite-element analysis, the electromagnetic performance of the PS-HESF machine is evaluated and the results reveal that it can exhibit not only better flux regulation capability but also higher torque than the conventional HESF machine. Moreover, the influences of the key design parameters on the hybridization ratio in the PS-HESF machines are investigated. A prototype machine is manufactured and tested to validate the predictions.
Intelligent Estimation of Uncertainty Bounds of an Active Magnetic Bearings Using ANFIS

Active magnetic bearings is known to be inherently unstable systems that have a widespread applications and an increased potential research area in today's technology. So far many controllers including H¿¿ robust controller has been developed for the system. However, proper selection of the required weighting functions for robust and non-conservative controller synthesize is still a critical issue that needs more investigations. In this paper the selection of uncertainty weighting function for the robust controller synthesize is automated by intelligent estimation of uncertainty weighting functions using adaptive neuro fuzzy inference system (ANFIS). Then a robust H¿¿ controller for the magnetic bearings is designed based on the intelligent estimated uncertainty. v- gap metric is utilized to validate the estimated uncertainty bounds for improved robust stability. Comparison with another neural based estimation method of uncertainty proves the validity of the applied approach.
ISOLATION, CHARACTERIZATION AND ANTIMICROBIAL ACTIVITY OFCHARANTIN FROM MOMORDICA CHARANTIA LINN. FRUIT

Momordica Charantia (Cucurbitaceae) is commonly known as bitter guard in English and karela in Hindi. The fruit has claimed to contain charantin, steroidal saponin, momordicosides, carbohydrate, mineral matters, ascorbic acid, alkaloids, glucoside, etc. Earlier claim shows that the plant used as stomachic, carminative, tonic, antipyretic, antidiabetic, in rheumatoid arthritis and gout. The present investigation was carried out to isolate, purify and characterize Charantin from fruit of Momordica Charantia Linn. The isolated charantin was further characterized with the help of Ultraviolet Spectroscopy, Thin Layer Chromatography, Fourier Transform Infra Red Spectroscopy, Mass Spectroscopy, Proton- Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy confirmed the identification. The antibacterial activity of charantin was tested by using Agar Diffusion (Cup Plate) method. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of crude extracts were determined for various organism which was 0.2 mg/ml. The present studies confirm better antimicrobial activity of Charantin when compared with standard, against bacterial species such as gram positive (Bacillus subtilis), gram negative (Pseudomonas aeruginosa) and fungal strains (Saccharomyces cerevisiae).
Siphonophores and the Deep Scattering Layer

Bathyscaphe dives in the San Diego Trough have revealed a close spatial relation between siphonophores and the deep scattering layer as recorded by precision depth recording echo-sounders. Measurements of gas bubbles within the flotation structures of Nanomia bijuga captured in a closing net in an ascended scattering layer indicate that these are very close to the resonant size for 12-kcy/sec sound. Because such organisms are capable of making prolonged vertical migrations, and are widespread geographically, they are very probably the major cause of stratified zones of scattering throughout the oceans of the world.
A scale for measuring the occurrence of positive states of mind: a preliminary report.

&NA; It may be as important to measure a failure to achieve desirable states of mind as it is to measure negative moods. The proposed measure of positive states of mind was found to be internally consistent, sensitive to degrees of life stress, well accepted, quick to administer, and amenable to use as a repeated measure in longitudinal studies. Data from 187 men and women in a college student sample are reported.
Retrograde Colonic Spread of Enemata in Ulcerative Colitis

Intrarectally introduced solutions are being increasingly used in the treatment of ulcerative colitis. Small amounts (100-120 ml.) of therapeutic solutions are being introduced into the rectum by the slow-drip method of Truelove (1956, 1957) and by the single-dose retention enema (Matts 1960a). In addition, smallvolume evacuant enemata are being widely employed in nursing practice, using disposable plastic bags. Although these techniques are widely used, many people are unaware of the degree of penetration of the solutions so introduced. It therefore seemed important to demonstrate the extent of retrograde spread of these solutions. A simple and fairly convincing way of doing this is by introducing a radio-opaque solution into the rectum.
Diabetes is associated with a slower rate of cognitive decline in Alzheimer disease

Background: Previous epidemiologic studies indicate that diabetes mellitus (DM) is associated with cognitive decline and an increased risk of developing Alzheimer disease (AD) in people who do not have dementia. However, little is known about the effect of DM on the rate of cognitive decline in established AD. Our objective was to determine whether DM influences the rate of cognitive decline in patients with AD. Methods: A total of 608 patients with a probable diagnosis of AD and a Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) score between 10 and 26 were enrolled in a prospective multicenter study. Participants were followed up to 52 (mean 26) months. DM was assessed at baseline (history of DM or antidiabetic medication use). Cognitive function was assessed twice yearly with the MMSE. Results: Sixty-three participants (10.4%) had DM at baseline. In a mixed model adjusted for sex, age, educational level, dementia severity, cholinesterase inhibitor use, and vascular factors (hypertension, atrial fibrillation, coronary heart disease, and hypercholesterolemia), there were no differences between the groups in MMSE baseline scores (−0.75, p = 0.20), but cognitive decline was slower in the group with DM (0.38, p = 0.01). Conclusions: In a cohort of community-dwelling patients with Alzheimer disease (AD), the presence of diabetes mellitus (DM) was associated with a lower rate of cognitive decline. Future studies will need to address the potential impact of DM in the cerebral aging process and to assess the neuropathologic variations in patients with AD with DM.
Neonatal resuscitation simulation: improving safety while enhancing confidence and competence.

requires practice nNeonatal resuscitation is a standard of practice for all neonatal nurse practitioners, midwives, respiratory therapists, staff nurses and physicians who work in maternity and neonatal settings. However, many health care workers have experienced challenges in the delivery room trying to coordinate resuscitation efforts with team members. As with any specialized skill, neonatal resuscitation requires practice. Responders with limited experience may demonstrate difficulty following resuscitation guidelines. For example, they may move toward cardiac compressions without allowing adequate time for ventilation. Although requirements may vary per individual hospital, working in a labor and delivery unit, Level I well-baby nursery (WBN), or a Level II to III neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) usually requires that all medical, nursing and respiratory staff complete the Neonatal Resuscitation Program (NRP) within 6 months of employment. But completion of NRP is not the issue of concern. The issue is a more complex one, and it’s compounded by the challenge of our nation’s nursing shortage. Novice nurses are now being employed in critical care areas, such as the NICU. Additionally, they are spending limited time in unit orientation and training. These Jennifer B. Lemoine, APRN, MN, NNP-BC
Inverse Relationship Between Serum Bilirubin and Atherosclerosis in Men: A Meta-Analysis of Published Studies

Bilirubin, a major intravascular product of heme catabolism, is a potent antioxidant compound. Numerous studies have been published showing the relationship between serum bilirubin levels and atherosclerosis. In the present investigation all the epidemiological studies available on the effect of serum bilirubin levels and atherosclerotic disease were analyzed. Studies on the epidemiology of atherosclerotic diseases in relation to serum bilirubin levels were searched in the MEDLINE database. Selected studies were subdivided according to serum bilirubin levels and severity of atherosclerotic disease. Because of the limited number of females involved in the studies, only males were included into meta-analysis. Associations for ordered categorical variables (bilirubin and natural history of graded atherosclerosis) were assessed to find correlation and linear trend between analyzed variables. A stratified analysis was conducted to compare risks of clinical outcomes. Eleven relevant studies were used for analysis. A close negative relationship was found between serum bilirubin levels and severity of atherosclerosis (Spearman rank coefficient r = −0.31,P < 0.0001). The linear trend was confirmed in analysis of proportions with x2 values for both disease conditions to be very significant (P < 0.0001). Unambiguous inverse relationship between serum bilirubin levels and atherosclerosis was demonstrated in this preliminary meta-analytic study. These results indicate the importance of hem oxygenase-related products in the prevention of oxidative stress-mediated diseases.
Effects of ADH2 Overexpression in Saccharomyces bayanus during Alcoholic Fermentation

ABSTRACT The effect of overexpression of the gene ADH2 on metabolic and biological activity in Saccharomyces bayanus V5 during alcoholic fermentation has been evaluated. This gene is known to encode alcohol dehydrogenase II (ADH II). During the biological aging of sherry wines, where yeasts have to grow on ethanol owing to the absence of glucose, this isoenzyme plays a prominent role by converting the ethanol into acetaldehyde and producing NADH in the process. Overexpression of the gene ADH2 during alcoholic fermentation has no effect on the proteomic profile or the net production of some metabolites associated with glycolysis and alcoholic fermentation such as ethanol, acetaldehyde, and glycerol. However, it affects indirectly glucose and ammonium uptakes, cell growth, and intracellular redox potential, which lead to an altered metabolome. The increased contents in acetoin, acetic acid, and l-proline present in the fermentation medium under these conditions can be ascribed to detoxification by removal of excess acetaldehyde and the need to restore and maintain the intracellular redox potential balance.
Influence of Impurity Scattering on Spin Injection Efficiency at a Ferromagnet/Semiconductor Quantum Wire Interface

The influence of impurity scattering on the electrical spin injection efficiency from a non-ideal ferromagnet into a semiconductor quantum wire is investigated. We take into account the presence of an axial magnetic field along the direction of current flow and spin orbit interaction in the wire. If the wire contains a non-magnetic charged impurity, then the zero temperature interface conductance depends strongly on the exact location of this impurity. When calculated as a function of the applied gate bias, the spin injection efficiency is a much more sensitive function of the location and strength of the scattering potential for an attractive scatterer. However, at absolute zero temperature, an injection efficiency close to 100% can be obtained for both types of impurities if carriers are injected with energies that coincide with the Zeeman energy states in the wire. The temperature dependence of maximum spin injection efficiency is calculated for both attractive and repulsive impurity potentials.
Program/Erase Characteristics of Amorphous Gallium Indium Zinc Oxide Nonvolatile Memory

Currently, both high-density 3-D stacking nonvolatile (NV) memory and embedded NV memory in advanced systems on panel (SOPs) urgently demand the assistance of new and functional transition metal-oxide materials. This is to overcome serious fabrication issues encountered in the use of conventional Si or poly-crystalline Si materials, as well as to increase storage density with lower process cost. This paper reports the fully functional NV memory structure operated by an ionic amorphous oxide semiconductor with a wide energy band gap (> 3.0 eV) in a Ga2O3-In2O3-ZnO (GIZO) system under low process temperature (< 400degC) while being combined with various metal-oxide materials of Al2O3, GIZO, and Al2O3 as the electron charge's tunneling, storage, and blocking layers, respectively. The different methods of memory programs and, especially, the unique erase characteristics caused by a much wider band gap than Si were intensively being investigated, and as a result, excellent electrical results of a large program/erase window over 3.8 V at a pulse time of 10 ms are achieved.
Fraud Detection by Stacking Cost-Sensitive Decision Trees

Worldwide, billions of euros are lost every year due to credit card fraud. Increasingly, fraud has diversified to different digital channels, including mobile and online payments, creating new challenges as innovative new fraud patterns emerge. Hence, it remains challenging to find effective methods of mitigating fraud. Existing solutions include simple if-then rules and classical machine learning algorithms. Credit card fraud is by definition an example-dependent and cost-sensitive classification problem, in which the costs due to misclassification vary between examples and not only within classes, i.e., misclassifying a fraudulent transaction may have a financial impact ranging from a few to thousands of euros. In this paper, we propose an extension to the cost-sensitive decision trees algorithm, by creating an ensemble of such trees, and combining them using a stacking approach with a cost-sensitive logistic regression. We compare our method with standard machine learning algorithms and state-of-the-art cost-sensitive classification methods using a real credit card fraud dataset provided by a large European card processing company. The results show that our method achieves savings of up to 73.3%, more than 2 percentage points more than a single cost-sensitive decision tree.
Galantamine: use in Alzheimer’s disease and related disorders

Galantamine (Reminyl®) has long been used as a traditional medicine and has an interesting pharmacology as it is both a reversible acetylcholinesterase inhibitor and an allosteric potentiator of nicotinic cholinergic receptors. The efficacy of galantamine has been studied in an extensive development program in Alzheimer’s disease, and mixed and vascular dementia. Randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trials of up to 6 months duration and subsequent open-label follow-up studies have produced a broad spectrum of beneficial effects on cognitive and noncognitive disease symptoms. Apparent benefits for caregivers paralleled these, with a potentially reduced burden and cost. It appears that early and continued treatment maximizes the observed effects, which translate into economic terms, when applied to cost-effectiveness models. Overall, galantamine has a broad ranging efficacy and tolerability across an increasing rangeof conditions.
Theta-burst microstimulation in the human entorhinal area improves memory specificity

The hippocampus is critical for episodic memory, and synaptic changes induced by long-term potentiation (LTP) are thought to underlie memory formation. In rodents, hippocampal LTP may be induced through electrical stimulation of the perforant path. To test whether similar techniques could improve episodic memory in humans, we implemented a microstimulation technique that allowed delivery of low-current electrical stimulation via 100 μm-diameter microelectrodes. As thirteen neurosurgical patients performed a person recognition task, microstimulation was applied in a theta-burst pattern, shown to optimally induce LTP. Microstimulation in the right entorhinal area during learning significantly improved subsequent memory specificity for novel portraits; participants were able both to recognize previously-viewed photos and reject similar lures. These results suggest that microstimulation with physiologic level currents—a radical departure from commonly used deep brain stimulation protocols—is sufficient to modulate human behavior and provides an avenue for refined interrogation of the circuits involved in human memory.