Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Role of plasma lactate and arterial blood gas as prognostic marker in Acute respiratory distress syndrome patients receiving mechanical venti- lation

The present study was conducted to study the significance of lactate and arterial blood gas (ABG) as prognostic marker in patients admitted to intensive care unit receiving mechanical ventilation. This study was conducted on 50 critically ill patients between the age group of 20-60 years and 50 controls. Plasma lactate was determined among controls. Plasma lactate and ABG were determined among patients. Arterial blood gas analysis for pO2, pCO2 and pH was carried out among patients. Higher lactate, low pO2 and high pCO2 were observed among patients. Lactate was positively correlated with pCO2 and negatively with pO2 among patients. Patients developing hyperlactatemia during the course of intensive care unit treatment have poor prognosis. Lactate can be used as a prognostic tool in intensive care unit patients receiving mechanical ventilation.
GATA-1 forms distinct activating and repressive complexes in erythroid cells

GATA-1 is a key transcription factor essential for the differentiation of the erythroid, megakaryocytic and eosinophilic lineages. GATA-1 functions in erythropoiesis involve lineage-specific gene activation and repression of early hematopoietic transcription programs. GATA-1 is known to interact with other transcription factors, such as FOG-1, TAL-1 and Sp1 and also with CBP/p300 and the SWI/SNF chromatin remodeling complex in vitro. Despite this information the molecular basis of its essential functions in erythropoiesis remains unclear. We show here that GATA-1 is mostly present in a high (> 670kDa) molecular weight complex that appears to be dynamic during erythroid differentiation. In order to characterize the GATA-1 complex(es) from erythroid cells, we employed an in vivo biotinylation tagging approach in mouse erythroleukemic (MEL) cells[1][1]. Briefly, this involved the fusion of a small (23aa) peptide tag to GATA-1 and its specific, efficient biotinylation by the bacterial BirA biotin ligase which is co-expressed with tagged GATA-1 in MEL cells. Nuclear extracts expressing biotinylated tagged GATA-1 were bound directly to streptavidin beads and co-purifying proteins were identified by mass spectrometry. In addition to the known GATA-1-interacting transcription factors FOG-1, TAL-1 and Ldb-1, we describe novel interactions with the essential hematopoietic transcription factor Gfi-1b and the chromatin remodeling complexes MeCP1 and ACF/WCRF. Significantly, GATA-1 interaction with the repressive MeCP1 complex requires FOG-1. We also show in erythroid cells that GATA-1, FOG-1 and MeCP1 are stably bound to repressed genes representing early hematopoietic (e.g. GATA-2) or alternative lineage-specific (e.g. eosinophilic) transcription programs, whereas the GATA-1/Gfi1b complex is bound to repressed genes involved in cell proliferation. In contrast, GATA-1 and TAL-1 are bound to the active erythroid-specific EKLF gene. Our findings on GATA-1 complexes provide novel insight as to the critical roles that GATA-1 plays in many aspects of erythropoiesis by revealing the GATA-1 partners in the execution of specific functions. [1]: #ref-1
Seroepidemiology of Anti-HEV IgG in Healthy Men Blood Donors in Kerman, 2007-2008

epatitis E is an important public health problem in many developing countries. The disease generally affects young Adults. The causative agent of Hepatitis E, Hepatitis E virus (HEV), is a single-stranded positive-sense RNA virus without an envelope (1). HEV is generally transmitted by fecal-oral route. The genomic RNA of HEV is about 7.5 kb with three open reading frames (ORFs). ORF1 is predicted to encode viral nonstructural proteins, ORF2 encodes the putative capsid protein, and ORF3 encodes a cytoskeletonassociated phosphoprotein (2, 3). HEV was originally classified as a calicivirus, but recent data showed that HEV does not share some common important features with caliciviruses. It was recently declassified from the Caliciviridae family and remains unclassified (4). Iran is a part of developing Asia with high incidence and prevalence of type A hepatitis, therefore it is expected to have incidences of Hepatitis E. Unfortunately, there has been no documented study to explain the statistical characteristics of this infection in the general population. We studied the level of seropositivity of a group of blood donors in a cross-sectional study in Kerman during 20072008 (5). H
Nursing satisfaction in a magnet hospital

A cross sectional descriptive study was conducted to examine the relationship between staff nurses’ self-perceptions of structural empowerment, self-perceptions of Magnet hospital characteristics and job satisfaction in a Magnet-designated community hospital in the Northeastern United States. Demographic variables of age, ethnicity, educational level, marital status and years of experience were also examined to determine the extent to which these variables can predict nurses’ job satisfaction in a sample of 97 registered staff nurses. Simple linear regression analysis was used to answer the two research questions: What is the relationship between nurses’ perception of structural empowerment level and job satisfaction? What is the relationship between nurses’ perception of Magnet hospital characteristics and job satisfaction? Multiple regression analysis was used to answer the third research question: To what extent and in what manner are nurses’ perceptions of structural empowerment level, Magnet hospital characteristics and demographic characteristics (age, education level, marital status, years of experience, and ethnicity) related to job satisfaction? Three null hypotheses were rejected. Two of the seven predictive variables were statistically significant at the . 05 level. The most significant predictor was Magnet hospital characteristics (p=.000) and followed by structural empowerment (p=.003). Magnet characteristics (β=0.552, p<.005) and structural empowerment (β=0.347p=.003) predicted overall nurses’ job satisfaction at R = 0.674, F (2, 96) = 69.157, p < . 005 level of significance. The adjusted R square value of 0.674 indicates that about 67.4% of the variation in predicting overall nurses’ job satisfaction score can be associated with these two variables. Findings of this study may increase our understanding of the strength of the association of staff nurses perceptions of structural empowerment and Magnet characteristics on job satisfaction. Results suggest that staff nurses job satisfaction may be increased by providing the access to structural empowerment and Magnet hospital characteristics (Nursing participation, nursing foundation for care, management ability, adequate staff and collaborative relationship).
Outcomes and Complications of Ahmed Glaucoma Valve Implantation at Dr. Yap Eye Hospital

Introduction and Objectives: Glaucoma drainage device is widely used in glaucoma surgery. Ahmed Glaucoma Valve (AGV) implant is one of the most used glaucoma drainages with a low incidence of complication. This study aimed to evaluate the outcomes and complication of Ahmed Glaucoma valve implantation in patients with refractory glaucoma at Dr Yap Eye Hospital Methods: Medical records of 30 patients (30 eyes) who had AGV implant surgery at Dr Yap Eye Hospital from January 2014 to October 2016 were reviewed. Pre-operative data include age, gender, eye laterality, type of glaucoma, visual acuity, and intraocular pressure and. The IOP, visual acuity (VA), and complications were measured at day 2, day 7, 1 month, 3 months, and 6 months. The postoperative complications were documented. Results: The mean IOP at baseline was 45.78 Â± 13.04 mmHg, decreased after the operation to 14.41 Â± 9.86 mmHg at day- 2 and 17.6 Â± 14.6 mmHg at 6 months follow up. The mean initial VA was 2.47 Â± 0.56 and unchanged 2.4 Â± 0.74, at last, follow up. Early postoperative complications (0-3mos) were flat anterior chamber (4 eyes, 13%), hyphema (4 eyes, 13%), and tube exposure (4 eyes, 13%). The late postoperative complication (after 3 mos) was tube exposure (1 eye, 3%), bullous keratopathy (1 eye, 3.3%), and dislocation of the implant (1 eye, 3.3%). The rang of tube exposure onset was 49-235 days (mean 99.5 Â± 90.54 days) after implantation. Flat anterior chamber and hyphema could be successfully managed conservatively while tube exposure needed surgical repair. Three cases of tube exposure required explantation. Endophthalmitis was detected in one case of tube exposure. Conclusion: AGV implantation appears to be a safe and effective surgical option in patients with refractory glaucoma.
Measuring morbidity following major surgery

A systematic review of the efficacy of a specific perioperative haemodynamic management strategy was performed to explore the balance between therapeutic benefit and adverse effects. Whilst mortality and length of hospital stay were reduced in the intervention group, pooling of morbidity data for between-group comparisons was limited by the heterogeneity of morbidity reporting between different studies. Classification, criteria and summation of morbidity outcome variables were inconsistent between studies, precluding analyses of pooled data for many types of morbidity. A similar pattern was observed in a second systematic review of randomised controlled trials of perioperative interventions published in high impact surgical journals. The Post-operative Morbidity Survey (POMS), a previously published method of describing short-term postoperative morbidity, lacked validation. The POMS was prospectively collected in 439 patients undergoing elective major surgery in a UK teaching hospital. The prevalence and pattern of morbidity was described and compared with data from a similar study using the POMS in a US institution. The type and severity of surgery was reflected in the frequency and pattern of POMS defined postoperative morbidity. In the UK institution, many patients remained in hospital without morbidity as defined by the POMS, in contrast to the US institution, where very few patients remained in hospital in the absence of POMS defined morbidity. The POMS may have utility as a tool for recording bed occupancy and for modelling bed utilization. Inter-rater reliability was adequate and a priori hypotheses that the POMS would discriminate between patients with known measures of morbidity risk, and predict length of stay were generally supported through observation of data trends. The POMS was a valid descriptor of short-term post-operative morbidity in major surgical patients.
Estudos Secundários: Compartilhando Experiências Práticas de Revisões da Literatura em IHC

A revisão da literatura é uma importante etapa na execução de uma pesquisa. Cada vez mais tais revisões estão sendo preparadas através de métodos sistemáticos, por meio de estudos secundários. A realização de estudos secundários permite: identificar publicações relevantes; identificar novas oportunidades de investigação; sumarizar as evidências existentes; e possibilidade de replicação futura, incluindo novas publicações. Este minicurso apresenta o processo para a realização de estudos secundários em IHC para ser aplicado por alunos, pesquisadores e/ou profissionais interessados em identificar o estado da arte de algum tópico de pesquisa na área. Na parte teórica, são apresentados os objetivos e fundamentos de estudos secundários, incluindo os conceitos e etapas necessários para sua execução. Na parte prática, ferramentas de apoio e exemplos de aplicação são explorados em atividades com os participantes.
Clinical Outcome of Supraglottic Laryngectomy in Supraglottic Cancer : Open vs Transoral Laser Supraglottic Laryngectomy

Background and Objectives：When treating the supraglottic cancer, we must consider functions such as respiration, phonation, swallowing, aspiration as well as the complete eradication of the disease. Open supraglottic laryngectomy is an oncologically safe procedure that can preserve the laryngeal function. However, in immediate perioperative time, supraglottic laryngectomy requires tracheostomy and L-tube insertion. On the other hand, transoral laser supraglottic laryngectomy, while it is debated whether or not it is oncologically safe, it doesn’t require tracheostomy and L-tube insertion. We compared and analyzed the outcomes and morbidity of both treatments. Subjects and Method：Patients who have been diagnosed as supraglottic cancer between January 1995 through December 2004 and who were treated with either open supraglottic laryngectomy or transoral laser supraglottic laryngectomy for the primary treatment were included in the study. We analyzed the overall survival and treatment results through retrospective chart review and the statistical analysis was carried out by the SPSS 10.0. Results：Five-year overall survival rate was 88.5% in open surgery and 78.2% in transoral surgery. But the p-value of 0.216 indicates that there is no statistically significant differences among two groups. Five-year disease free survival rates were 83.4% in open surgery and 68.0% in transoral surgery. The p-value of 0.221 again indicates that there is no statistically significant differences among two groups. Tracheostomy and L-tube insertion were conducted in all of the patients in open surgery but conducted in 20% and 6.7% of the patients, respectively, in transoral surgery. Conclusion：There are no differences between the 5-year overall survival rate and 5-year disease free survival rate between the two groups. However, morbidity is lower in the transoral group, so it would be preferable to conduct transoral laser supraglottic laryngectomy in supraglottic cancer patients in the future. Further studies using
Polyclonal Immunoglobulin Recovery after Autologous Stem Cell Transplantation Is an Independent Prognostic Factor for Survival Outcome in Patients with Multiple Myeloma

We retrospectively analyzed multiple myeloma (MM) patients who underwent autologous stem cell transplantation (ASCT) without maintenance therapy to assess the impact of recovery of normal immunoglobulin (Ig) on clinical outcomes. The recovery of polyclonal Ig was defined as normalization of all values of serum IgG, IgA, and IgM 1 year after ASCT. Among 50 patients, 26 patients showed polyclonal Ig recovery; 14 patients were in ≥complete response (CR) and 12 remained in non-CR after ASCT. The patients with Ig recovery exhibited a significantly better progression-free survival (PFS, median, 46.8 vs. 26.7 months, p = 0.0071) and overall survival (OS, median, not reached vs. 65.3 months, p < 0.00001) compared with those without Ig recovery. The survival benefits of Ig recovery were similarly observed in ≥CR patients (median OS, not reached vs. 80.5 months, p = 0.061) and non-CR patients (median OS, not reached vs. 53.2 months, p = 0.00016). Multivariate analysis revealed that non-CR and not all Ig recovery were independent prognostic factors for PFS (HR, 4.284, 95%CI (1.868–9.826), p = 0.00059; and HR, 2.804, 95%CI (1.334–5.896), p = 0.0065, respectively) and also for OS (HR, 8.245, 95%CI (1.528–44.47), p = 0.014; and HR, 36.55, 95%CI (3.942–338.8), p = 0.0015, respectively). Therefore, in addition to the depth of response, the recovery of polyclonal Ig after ASCT is a useful indicator especially for long-term outcome and might be considered to prevent overtreatment with maintenance therapy in transplanted patients with MM.
Urine Sediment Abnormalities with Sedimax® Contrust PRO in CKD

Background: Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) is an increasing global public health problem and usually occurs as a silent disease, often diagnosed in advanced stages of renal dysfunction. An estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) below 60 mL/min/1.73 m2 and/or markers of kidney damage for > 3 months are the criteria that define CKD. Among the markers of kidney damage, urine sediment abnormalities are a simple means to facilitate the diagnosis of CKD. Methods: Urine sediment images were obtained with SediMAX® conTRUST PRO. The images provided were both in phase contrast and bright field. Results and conclusions: SediMAX® conTrust PRO, a new automated sediment analyzer, with concomitant bright field and phase contrast microscopy enables the best interpretation of the CKD urine sediment abnormalities in terms of quality, detail, and definition of the urine elements.
Study of effect of acupressure methods on pain in primary dysmenorrhea

4یوبن ردص رتکد 3داژن فیطل بابر 2هژیو نسحم رتکد 1یریماقآ مگیب ارهز دهشم یکشزپ مولع هاگشناد تسیژولورون 4 ییامام یبرم 3 نارهت یکشزپ مولع هاگشناد راک بط یصصخت یرتکد 2 ییامام یبرم 1 ـــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــ 19-28 صص 1384 ناتسمز و زییاپ 3-4 هرامش 11 هرود نارهت ییامام و یراتسرپ هدکشناد هلجم تایح
Influência da prática do yoga no processo de metilação do DNA : um projeto piloto

According to the vision of Integrative Medicine, one can work in different levels of the sphere of the human body and with different therapeutic visions that help to select the levels of performance. Yoga is an example of an approach that is found in psychological and physical psychology and, consequently, can act at the epigenetic level. The cells of the human body respond to diverse environmental stimuli, causing epigenetic modifications and consequently obtain modifications in the expression and gene function. Studies show that changes in DNA methylation may occur in response to social experiments that do not involve exposure to chemicals, but a programmed interpretation of these experiments. Yoga is a mind-body practice and is believed to be beneficial in physical and mental health. This pilot study sought to verify if there is difference in the global DNA methylation pattern between Hatha Yoga practitioners and non-practitioners. The study enrolled 40 individuals, of which 20 were Hatha Yoga teachers and 20 control subjects. The overall DNA methylation analysis of all participants was performed using the enzyme immunoassay (ELISA) method. The result was a difference in the overall pattern of methylation between groups (p≤0.05), showing a high methylation value in the group of Yoga teachers. There were also significant differences between the groups in the variables stress, anxiety and quality of life. The study showed that Hatha Yoga other than something that has many therapeutic benefits may be acting in the epigenetic sphere of human body. These findings make it possible to target other lines of reasoning within Yoga and to extend them to research with more specific laboratory techniques, applying them to other mind-body practices as well.
Primäre Endoprothetik bei Kox- und Gonarthrose

Zusammenfassung Der primäre Hüft- und Kniegelenkersatz sind ein sehr häufig durchgeführtes und erfolgreiches Behandlungsverfahren bei fortgeschrittener Arthrose. Für moderne Hüft- und Knietotalendoprothesen wird über sehr gute Langzeitüberlebensraten berichtet. Vor dem Hintergrund steigender Aktivitätsansprüche und der zunehmend häufigeren Behandlung von Patienten mit schwererem Nebenerkrankungsprofil gewinnt die Analyse von patientenbezogenen Einflussfaktoren und Outcome-Kriterien weiterhin an Bedeutung. Mit der Etablierung interdisziplinärer Behandlungskonzepte zur rascheren Genesung und Komplikationsreduktion wird auf diese Entwicklung eingegangen. Bei einer Versorgung in zertifizierten Endoprothetikzentren (EndoCert©) sind standardisierte Behandlungspfade und die Vorhaltung spezialisierter Infrastruktur gewährleistet. In die Ergebnisbewertung gehen neben Routine-Indikatoren der externen Qualitätssicherung mittlerweile auch Daten aus dem Deutschen Endoprothesenregister (EPRD©) ein, das von der Deutschen Gesellschaft für Orthopädie und Orthopädische Chirurgie (DGOOC) etabliert wurde. Dieser Übersichtsbeitrag berichtet über die Versorgungssituation in der Hüft- und Knieendoprothetik bei Arthrose in Deutschland. Es wird auf Indikationsstellung, Prinzipien der Operationsmethodik, Implantatsysteme sowie aktuelle Entwicklungen und Behandlungskonzepte eingegangen.
How Do Tumor Cytogenetics Inform Cancer Treatments? Dynamic Risk Stratification and Precision Medicine Using Multi-armed Bandits

Multiple myeloma is an incurable cancer of bone marrow plasma cells with a median overall survival of 5 years. With newly approved drugs to treat this disease over the last decade, physicians are afforded more opportunities to tailor treatment to individual patients and thereby improve survival outcomes and quality of life. However, since the optimal sequence of therapy is unknown, selecting a treatment that will result in the most effective outcome for each individual patient is challenging. To understand patients’ treatment responses, we develop an econometric model – the Hidden Markov model, to systematically identify changes in patients’ risk levels. Based on a fine-grained clinical dataset from Seattle Cancer Care Alliance (Seattle, WA) that includes patient-level cytogenetic information, we find that, other than the manifestation of cytogenetic features, previous exposure to certain drugs also affect patients’ underlying risk levels. The effectiveness of different treatments varies significantly among patients, which calls for personalized treatment recommendations. We then formulate the treatment recommendation problem as a Bayesian contextual bandit, which sequentially selects treatments based on contextual information about patients and therapies, with the goal of maximizing overall survival outcomes. Facing the difficulty of evaluating the performance of the policy without field experiments in medical practice, we integrate the structural econometric model into bandit optimization and generate counterfactuals to support the theoretical exploration/exploitation framework with empirical evidence. Compared with clinical practices and benchmark strategies, our method suggests a rise in overall survival outcomes, with higher improvement for aging or high-risk patients with more complications.
Common mental disorders are not diagnosed commonly in community health centres

Background: Very limited published data exist on the spectrum of mental health disorders encountered at primary health care (PHC) facilities in South Africa. Methods: The original data from a recent study were analysed with regard to its useful set of data on patients with mental disorders in primary care clinics in Cape Town. Results: Schizophrenia and bipolar disorder accounted for the majority of visits, with common mental disorders (depression, anxiety disorders, substance use disorders) accounting for only a minority of visits. Furthermore, the mental health population in the study had significantly fewer chronic disease co-morbidities than the non-mental health patients. Conclusion: There is an urgent need to screen better for common mental disorders in primary care patients in South Africa, and to screen for chronic medical diseases in patients with serious mental illness.
Progression of tobacco control policies : lessons from the United States and implications for global action

This paper examines the historical experience of tobacco control in the last five decades and shares important lessons of public health interventions to inform current and future tobacco control programs in other countries. The paper is divided into four parts. The first part gives an overview of the political economy, principal influences and interventions in tobacco control in the United States. It stresses the importance of information shocks and the role played by grassroots organizations. The current situation of tobacco control in the United States is further discussed in the second part, with emphasis on the economic case that led to litigation, as well as the response of the industry and the States. The third part focuses on the present efforts of multilaterals like the World Bank, technical United Nation (UN) agencies such as the World Health Organization, in the context of the new global governance structure: the Framework Convention on Tobacco Control (FCTC). The last section discusses lessons learned and provides recommendations for comprehensive tobacco control programs.