Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Submission Track B : exact algorithm for Minimum Fill-In ( aka Chordal Completion )

Our implementation follows the exact algorithm of Fomin et al. [3] which is based on listing the minimal separators, the potential maximal cliques, and then performing dynamic programming based on those structures [1, 2]. The algorithm by Fomin et al. refines the approach of Bouchitté and Todinca on some minor aspects (only considering inclusion-minimal minimal separators, trying only the so-called full blocks associated to a minimal separator) and also lists the potential maximal cliques in a different way. We realized that this theoretically better enumeration of potential maximal cliques was in practice slower, so for this part we follow Bouchitté and Todinca’s algorithm. This algorithm can be seen as FPT parameterized by the number of potential maximal cliques. Its dependency in the parameter is polynomial (even linear) which does not imply that the problem is polytime solvable since the number of potential maximal cliques (and minimal separators) can be as big as exponential in the number of vertices of the graph. It is noteworthy that this nice and deep theory (of potential maximal cliques) initiated by Bouchitté and Todinca seems to perform, as is, better than more straightforward approaches (such as the naive branching on all chordalizations of a long induced cycle). This is not always the case and more often than not the intricate and theoretically best algorithms perform quite poorly in practice. This sets Bouchitté and Todinca’s algorithm is the regarded class of theoretical work with a direct practical value.
Modeling of microstrip filter with defected ground structures using ANN

In this paper, artificial neural network (ANN) method is used for modeling of microstrip Alter with various defected ground structures (DGS). Modeling of DGS is the difficult part in designing of microstrip filter. By using ANN, the circuit modeling of microstrip filter becomes simple. This paper presents the modeling of five DGS geometries from simple to complex. These five DGS geometries (Square, C-shaped, L-shaped, U-shaped and complementary ring resonator) are used frequently in size reduction and performance enhancement of microstrip filter. For all design configurations 50Ω, λ/4 microstrip line is used.
Stability of intelligence: a 40-year follow-up.

The Revised Examination "M," a measure of intelligence, was re- administered to 260 men approximately 40 years after they had received this test as World War II army recruits. Their average age and educational level was 64.7 years and Grade 8.7, respectively. Three sets of scores were compared: those obtained at the time of army enlistment; current scores obtained within the regular time limits of the test; and current scores obtained within double the test's regular time limits. The results indicated a reliable but minor decline in total score in the regular speeded condition and a reliable improvement over wartime total scores in the double-time condition. Slower performance did not account for the decline observed on the nonverbal cognitive tasks, particularly spatial problem-solving, but was associated with the decrements recorded for mathematical and verbal reasoning skills. Significant gains in score were observed on the measures of vocabulary and mechanical knowledge in the speeded condition, with further gains noted in the double-time extension. Test-retest correlation coefficients, in general, attested to the long-term stability of individual differences among members of the sample, irrespective of the direction of cognitive performance changes. Gains in the double- time extension were associated with educational status but not with current age. Both age and educational level, in addition to early adult intellectual status, predicted current intellectual functioning. Finally, self-reported current activity level, as an indicator of personal lifestyle, was related both to early and to late adult intellectual ability.
Hedonic Value As Mediating Affects On Store Atmosphere And References Groups On Impulse Buying At Department Stores

This research aims to the hedonic value as mediating influences of store atmosphere and the reference group to impulse buying. Respondents are visitors who are making impulse buying at local department stores that have branches in various provinces in Indonesia, approximately 150 respondents were involved. Data were analyzed using Structural Equation Model (SEM). The results showed that the hedonic value mediates the store atmosphere and the reference group against impulse buying.
Understanding the Phenotypic Structure of Adult Retrospective ADHD Symptoms During Childhood in the United States

Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a highly heterogeneous disorder, and the phenotypic structure comprising inattentive and hyperactive-impulsive type symptoms has been the focus of a growing body of recent research. Methodological studies are needed to better characterize phenotypes to advance research as well as clinical practice. A large U.S. population-based sample of young adults (N = 14,307, aged 17–28 years, 52.8% female) retrospectively reported their experiences of childhood ADHD symptoms. Factor analysis, latent class analysis, and factor mixture modeling of ADHD symptoms were compared to determine which underlying structure best fit the data. Fit statistics as well as substantive criteria compared models within and across model subtypes. Analyses supported a two-factor two-class structure for both male and female subjects. The two latent factors represented inattentive and hyperactive-impulsive symptom dimensions. The two latent classes divided people into a smaller affected class and a larger unaffected class. Individuals who reported having been diagnosed with ADHD were more likely to be in the affected class (OR male subjects = 4.03, 95% CI [2.65, 6.13]; OR female subjects = 5.65, 95% CI [3.15, 10.10]). This work aids in the understanding of ADHD symptomatology within the population; a majority of people experience very low symptom severity, whereas a minority of people experience high symptom severity. Within this high symptom group, however, variability in symptom experiences exists. Empirical models can be helpful in clarifying ADHD phenotypic structure that has the potential to advance research on the etiology and consequences of ADHD symptoms.
Cumulative Effects of Growing Up in Separate and Unequal Neighborhoods on Racial Disparities in Self-rated Health in Early Adulthood

Evidence suggests that living in a socioeconomically deprived neighborhood is associated with worse health. Yet most research relies on cross-sectional data, which implicitly ignore variation in longer-term exposure that may be more consequential for health. Using data from the 1970 to 2011 waves of the Panel Study of Income Dynamics merged with census data on respondents’ neighborhoods (N = 1,757), this study estimates a marginal structural model with inverse probability of treatment and censoring weights to examine: (1) whether cumulative exposure to neighborhood disadvantage from birth through age 17 affects self-rated health in early adulthood, and (2) the extent to which variation in such exposure helps to explain racial disparities therein. Findings reveal that prolonged exposure to neighborhood disadvantage throughout childhood and adolescence is strikingly more common among nonwhite versus white respondents and is associated with significantly greater odds of experiencing an incidence of fair or poor health in early adulthood.
The circuit value problem is log space complete for P

Cook [1], Jones and Laaser [4] have discovered several interesting problem s that are log space complete for P. We add another to the list and use it t o obtain a result of Galil [3]. The set P is the set of problems computable in polynomial_ time. If L an d M are problems then we say L is log space reducible to M (L `log M) if ther e is a function f, which is computable in log space, such that x e L iff f(x) e M. A set C is log space complete for P if C e P and for all A e P, A <_log C. Defin e LoG k to be the class of sets computable in space bounded by log k (n). Fact : If C is log space complete for P then P c LOG k iff C e LOG k. A circuit 6 is a sequence (6 1 ,. . .,6) where each 8. is either a variabl e (xi,x2,. . .) or S i = A(j,k) with j,k < i, or 8i = 7(j) where j < 1. A n assignment for S is a mapping from a set of variables including those tha t occur in 8 to {T,F}. Giver a circuit (3 = 0 1 , • • • ,5m) and an assignment a fo r 5 define fa(8 i) if 6 i is a variable , v(5 i ,a) = v(6 i ,a) A v(5 k ,a) if 6. = A (j ,k) , 7v(S i ,a) if 6 i = 7 (j) • (where A and 7 are the usual " an d " and " no t " logical operators on {T,F}). The value of S at a is defined b y v(6,a) = v(8m,a). The circuit value problem is CV = {(5,a) : v(,,a) = T}. It is well known that a T(n) time bounded Turing machine can be simulate d on n bits by a combinational circuit with 0(T-(n)) gates. [In fact M. Fische r and N. Pippinger [2] have improved the simulation to C(T(n) log (T(n))1]. Al l
An automated instrument for the measurement of mechanical properties of thin materials

Flexural rigidity and shear rigidity of sub-millimeter thin webs can be determined by analysis of the zero order antisymmetric (A0) Lamb wave in the MHz range, even when the web thickness is unknown. Using Laser Ultrasonics to excite and detect Lamb waves in webs is advantageous because it is a non- contact technique suitable to both on-line and off-line measurements. The authors have developed an interferometer using an undoped Gallium Arsenide photorefractive crystal. They employed a two-wave mixing technique that is sensitive to displacement amplitudes in the nanometer range. The interferometer is part of a laboratory instrument in which both the generation and the detection laser beams are carried through fiber optics. The instrument uses several motorized translation stages to manipulate the position and orientation of the web sample. The instrument is computer-controlled and fully automated using LabVIEW for routine testing of foil samples. The results of measurements demonstrating the wide bandwidth of the instrument and the dispersion of the waves are presented. The probed materials were as different as paper, paperboard, non-woven and brass foils.
Relationship between ‘Big Data’, ‘Internet of People &Thing’ and ‘Internet of Signs &Things’

This paper will try to determine the co-relationship exist in between ‘Big Data’, the ‘Internet of People and Things’ and the ‘Internet of Signs. ’ Specifically , we will find out various ways through which the ‘things’ present in the ‘Internet of Things’ makes ‘Big Data’, and the various ways through which both are combined in order to form semiotic ‘signs’. We will find out how context is important and also the various types of relations that exists in between ‘Big Data’, the ‘Internet of People & Things’, and the ‘Internet of Signs’.
Erythema‐multiforme‐like eruption following photoallergic contact dermatitis from oxybenzone

Many contact allergens can cause an erythema‐multifor‐me (EM)‐like or urticarial papular and plaque eruption (UPPE) (1–6). Although numerous topical medicaments have been reported as causing UPPE, oxybenzone (2‐hydroxy‐4‐methoxy benzophenone, benzophenone 3, Eusolex 4360) has not.
Evaluation clinique et biomécanique d'un implant de stabilisation dynamique du rachis lombaire

Les douleurs lombaires representent l'une des premieres causes d'intervention chirurgicale dans le monde, et requierent le recours a une instrumentation du rachis complementaire pour environ 1% des patients. La technique instrumentee standard est l'arthrodese ; elle consiste en l'immobilisation des vertebres adjacentes par un systeme compose de vis pediculaires et de tiges. Les resultats cliniques sont generalement satisfaisants. Cependant, des cas de complications subsistent, en particulier la degenerescence du segment adjacent pouvant entrainer une reprise chirurgicale. Pour repondre a ce probleme, les implants dits « stabilisation dynamique » ont ete concus avec pour objectif de maintenir une mobilite au niveau instrumente afin de ne pas sur-contraindre les structures environnantes. Cette etude consiste en l'evaluation clinique et biomecanique d'un de ces implants. Tout d'abord, nous avons mene une campagne d'essais de caracterisation mecanique de l'implant isole afin de connaitre precisement ses proprietes et de pouvoir le modeliser de facon fidele et validee. Un travail clinique retrospectif a ensuite ete realise pour quantifier les resultats obtenus et proposer un protocole d'etude prospective qui reponde aux contraintes cliniques et aux exigences scientifiques actuelles. Une campagne d'essais in-vitro sur segment lombaire a ensuite ete menee pour completer notre connaissance du comportement biomecanique du rachis instrumente. Ceci nous a permis de valider une modelisation en elements finis du rachis instrumente utilise notamment pour etudier l'influence du design de l'implant ainsi que des gestes realises lors de la chirurgie.
Lowering dietary n-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids: interaction with brain arachidonic and docosahexaenoic acids

Purpose of review Arachidonic (ARA) and docosahexaenoic (DHA) acids are the most abundant polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) in the brain, where they have many biological effects, including on inflammation, cell-signaling, appetite regulation, and blood flow. The Western diet contains a high ratio of n-6: n-3 PUFA. Although interest in lowering this ratio has largely focused on increasing intake of n-3 PUFA, few studies have examined lowering dietary n-6 PUFA. This review will evaluate the effect of lowering dietary n-6 PUFA on levels and metabolism of ARA and DHA in animal models and in humans, with a primary focus on the brain. Recent findings In animal models, lowering dietary ARA or linoleic acid generally lowers levels of brain ARA and raises DHA. Lowering dietary n-6 PUFA can also modulate the levels of ARA and DHA metabolizing enzymes, as well as their associated bioactive mediators. Human studies examining changes in plasma fatty acid composition following n-6 PUFA lowering demonstrate no changes in levels of ARA and DHA, though there is evidence of alterations in their respective bioactive mediators. Summary Lowering dietary n-6 PUFA, in animal models, can alter the levels and metabolism of ARA and DHA in the brain, but it remains to be determined whether these changes are clinically meaningful.
Interior-point methods for symmetric optimization based on a class of non-coercive kernel functions

In this paper, we generalize polynomial-time primal–dual interior-point methods for symmetric optimization based on a class of kernel functions, which is not coercive. The corresponding barrier functions have a finite value at the boundary of the feasible region. They are not exponentially convex and also not strongly convex like many usual barrier functions. Moreover, we analyse the accuracy of the algorithm for this class of functions and we obtain an upper bound for the accuracy which depends on a parameter of the class.
Trapping Effects at the Drain Edge in 600 V GaN-on-Si HEMTs

In this paper, we investigate the influence of the drain electrode on the dynamic switching behavior of AlGaN/GaN high-electron-mobility transistors on Si substrate. By adding a field plate to the drain electrode, a dramatic increase in the dynamic ON-resistance dynRON was identified. The dispersion effect is correlated with the high electric field below the drain field plate (DFP), the onset of which is caused by the full electron depletion from both the channel and the GaN cap layer. We show that the electron distribution is modified by the passivation method, backside bias, or surface charges and, hence, shifts the onset voltage of the trapping effect. Trapped electrons underneath the DFP are thought to be responsible for the measured rise of the dynRON. With the introduction of an extended ohmic drain contact, the influence of a metallization overhang at the drain edge can be suppressed. The detrapping energies associated with the surface defects were determined to 0.2, 0.3, and 0.7 eV, respectively. Simulations and measurements indicate that charges inside the passivation below the DFP worsen the switching behavior.
Rho-kinase inhibitors show promise in pulmonary hypertension

In pulmonary arterial hypertension, it is necessary to obtain a vasodilation that is selective for the pulmonary circulation. Ras human orthologue (Rho)/Rho-kinase-mediated Ca2+ sensitisation plays a central role in mediating the sustained vasoconstriction and increased vasoreactivity in the rat hypoxic model of pulmonary hypertension. Rho-kinase inhibitors (Y-27632 and/or fasudil) have been shown to reduce pulmonary arterial pressure in three rat models of pulmonary hypertension. The first clinical study to report the effects of a Rho-kinase inhibitor in pulmonary hypertension enrolled nine patients with severe pulmonary hypertension. Fasudil hydrochloride 30 mg for 30 min i.v. caused a slight decrease in the mean pulmonary artery pressure and increase in the cardiac index but neither of these responses was significant. However, fasudil caused a significant decrease in pulmonary vascular resistance. Rho-kinase inhibitors may be useful in pulmonary hypertension, and should undergo further development for this indication.
The effect of oil price on factor demands and total factor productivity: energy-intensive manufacturing industries in European countries importing Iranian oil

This study focuses on the effect of oil price on factor demands and total factor productivity of energy-intensive manufacturing industries in 10 European countries importing Iranian oil during 1980-2010. To do so, factor demand system and productivity growth equation is simultaneously estimated by a seemingly unrelated regression (SURE) method. Using Delta technique, significance level of converted parameters are investigated. It is expected that industries’ oil demand experiences a significant decrease in response to rising oil prices. Cross price elasticity estimates indicate that with rising oil prices, it would be replaced with raw materials in 9 countries, capital in 8 countries, and labor and other energies in 6 countries. Rising oil prices would result in increased total factors productivity as well as average oil productivity. Estimated rebound effects indicate that by implementing energy efficiency policies, consumption of oil and "other energies" will decrease in most countries, due to negative rebound effects, to more than what is expected of full realization of the policies.
Proactive backup scheme of routes in distributed computer networks

For some computer to find another in a network, there is a routing mechanism which describes how information is transferred between network nodes. The route is understood as sequence of network nodes through which it is possible to transmit information from source node to destination node. One of perspective methods of a computer network reliability increase is ensuring fast restoration of routes after failure of the network device. When the data can not be transferred on the main route due to its damage the source node switches to the backup route. In this case, it does not take time on the calculation of a new route. In this paper we propose proactive backup scheme of routes for dynamic changes in the structure and configuration of the network, which allows to reduce the recalculation time of optimal routes, thus increasing the efficiency of the routing mechanism.
Response of Muscle Protein Synthesis to the Infusion of Insulin-like Growth Factor-I and Fasting in Young Chickens

In order to elucidate the physiological function of circulating IGF-I on muscle protein synthesis in the chicken under malnutritional conditions, we administrated recombinant chicken IGF-I using a osmotic mini pump to fasted young chickens and measured the rate of muscle protein synthesis and plasma metabolite. The pumps delivered IGF-I at the rate of 22 µg/d {300 µg⋅(kg body weight⋅d) -1 }. Fractional rate of protein synthesis in the muscle was measured using a large dose injection of L-(2,6- 3 H)phenylalanine. Constant infusion of chicken IGF-I did not affect plasma glucose level. Significant interaction between dietary treatment and IGF-I infusion was observed in plasma NEFA and total cholesterol concentrations. When chicks were fasted, IGF-I infusion decreased plasma NEFA and total cholesterol concentrations. On the other hand, IGF-I administration did not affect plasma levels of both metabolites. Fasting reduced plasma triglyceride concentration significantly. IGF-I infusion also decreased the level of plasma triglyceride. Plasma IGF-I concentration of young chickens was halved by fasting for 1 d. IGF-I infusion using an osmotic minipump for 1 d increased plasma IGF-I concentration in fasted chicks to the level of fed chicks. Fasting decreased body weight and the loss of body weight was significantly ameliorated by IGF-I infusion. There was a significant interaction between dietary treatment and IGF-I infusion in the fractional rate of breast muscle protein synthesis. There was no effect of IGF-I infusion on muscle protein synthesis in fed chicks. Muscle protein synthesis reduced by fasting was ameliorated by IGF-I infusion, but did not reach to the level of fed control. Muscle weight of fasted chicks infused with IGF-I was similar to fasted birds without IGF-I infusion, which suggests that muscle protein degradation would be increased by IGF-I infusion as well as protein synthesis in fasted chicks. (Asian-Aust. J. Anim. Sci. 2002. Vol 15, No. 12 : 1760-1764)
Kinetics and Significance of Serum Hepatitis C Virus Core Antigen in Patients with Acute Hepatitis C

ABSTRACT An immunoassay detecting hepatitis C virus core antigen was evaluated for its ability to predict clinical outcome in a series of patients with acute hepatitis C. In subjects who cleared the virus, core antigen was no longer detectable within 16 weeks of onset, whereas considerable fluctuations were noted among patients progressing to chronic hepatitis, one of whom showed consistently negative values despite the intermittent presence of viral RNA.
FACTORS ASSOCIATED WITH PATHOGEN SEROPREVALENCE AND INFECTION IN ROCKY MOUNTAIN COUGARS

Serological and genetic material collected over 15 years (1990–2004) from 207 cougars (Puma concolor) in four populations in the Rocky Mountains were examined for evidence of current or prior exposure to feline immunodeficiency virus (FIV), feline parvovirus (FPV), feline coronavirus (FCoV), feline calicivirus (FCV), canine distemper virus (CDV), feline herpesvirus (FHV), and Yersinia pestis. Serologic data were analyzed for annual variation in seroconversions to assess whether these pathogens are epidemic or endemic in cougars, and to determine whether family membership, age, sex, or location influence risk of exposure. FIV and FPV were clearly endemic in the studied populations, whereas exposure to FCoV, FCV, CDV, and Y. pestis was more sporadic. No evidence was found for FHV. Age was the most consistent predictor of increased exposure risk, often with no other important factors emerging. Evidence for transmission within family groups was limited to FIV and FCoV, whereas some indication for host sex affecting exposure probability was found for FIV and Y. pestis. Overall, cougar populations exhibited few differences in terms of pathogen presence and prevalence, suggesting the presence of similar risk factors throughout the study region.