Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Phase Curves from the Kuiper Belt: Photometric Properties of Distant Kuiper Belt Objects Observed by New Horizons

Prior to its close encounter with the Kuiper Belt object (KBO) (486958) 2014 MU69 on 2019 January 1, NASA’s New Horizons spacecraft observed other KBOs from distances greater than 0.1 au at solar phase angles far larger than those attainable from Earth. The expanded range in phase angle afforded by these distant KBO (DKBO) observations enables comparisons between their phase functions and those of other solar system objects. Here we present extended New Horizons phase angle coverage of plutino (15810) Arawn (1994 JR1) to 131°, resonant KBO 2012 HE85 to 64°, scattered disk KBO 2011 HK103 to 124°, hot classical (515977) 2012 HZ84 to 73°, and cold classical KBOs 2011 HJ103 and 2011 JY31 to 27° and 122°, respectively. In general, DKBO solar phase curves have slopes (i.e., phase coefficients) and shapes (with corresponding phase integrals q) similar to those of other dark, small solar system objects including comet nuclei, asteroids, and satellites. Until stellar occultations by these DKBOs provide information about their size, geometric albedos p (and Bond albedos A = pq) must be inferred from the median albedos measured by thermal radiometry for each dynamical class. Bond albedos for these DKBOs range from 0.01 to 0.04. Cold classical JY31 has a slightly lower slope and higher phase integral than the other DKBOs, and its slope and phase integral come closest to matching those of cold classical MU69, suggesting that cold classical KBOs share surface scattering characteristics that are distinct from those of other KBOs.
Dynamic Inspection of Latent Variables in State-Space Systems

The state-space models (SSMs) are widely used in a variety of areas where a set of observable variables are used to track some latent variables. While most existing works focus on the statistical modeling of the relationship between the latent variables and observable variables or statistical inferences of the latent variables based on the observable variables, it comes to our awareness that an important problem has been largely neglected. In many applications, although the latent variables cannot be routinely acquired, they can be occasionally acquired to enhance the monitoring of the state-space system. Therefore, in this paper, novel dynamic inspection (DI) methods under a general framework of SSMs are developed to identify and inspect the latent variables that are most uncertain. Extensive numeric studies are conducted to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed methods. Note to Practitioners—The SSM aims to estimate crucial latent variables that characterize the states of a system but cannot be measured routinely or directly. The conventional way has been solely based on a measurement capacity dedicated to observed variables. However, we realize there are situations that, although latent variables cannot be measured routinely, it is possible to inspect a small portion of latent variables at a given frequency. Thus, the problem is how to allocate the inspection resources to help monitor the latent variables of the state-space system optimally, conditioning on the established statistical machinery of the SSM for model estimation and inference. We propose a DI method to select and partially measure the latent variables and improve the estimation accuracy by combining the measured latent variables and observations.
Electro-rheological effects of polarizable nano spherical particles

A theoretical study is provided for determining the effective stress and viscosity of ideally conducting uncharged polarized freely spherical solid particles suspended in a Stokes fluid under a uniform DC electric field and constant shear. Due to polarization electric double layer (EDL) is formed in the symmetric electrolyte around the spherical (perfect conductor) particle. Assuming a dilute suspension (ignoring particle-particle interaction) we employ a generalized effective stress formulation which considers the case of applied pure shear (no electric field), the case of ambient electric field (no shear) and finally the coupling between both cases. Comparison between the current analysis and literature has shown commendable agreement. Our analytical predictions can be further simplified for the case of a thin EDL utilizing the Helmholtz–Smoluchowski (HS) slip-velocity model in accordance with the generalized cell- method.
Photon Storage in a Dynamic Two-Ring-Two-Bus System

We propose a novel dynamic two-ring-two-bus system to achieve photon storage. We have demonstrated numerically that the photon can be stopped and released by tuning the ring coupled to two buses in a short time. The two-ring-two-bus system is fabricated on the silicon-on-insulator platform, with the Q factor changing significantly when shifting one resonance. Due to the flexibility and simplicity, it is a promising candidate for the future optical storage and buffering device.
Active vibration control using piezoelectric actuators employing practical components

Unwanted vibrations are a common occurrence within structures and systems, and often pose a threat to their integrity or functionality. This research aims to seek a solution to attenuate the vibrations experienced within a link of a system using active vibration control with piezoelectric patches as actuators, whilst avoiding the use of large and expensive equipment which would contravene with the common objective of maintaining the smallest mass possible of the system. Previous research has employed large and expensive equipment as the controller, with sensors often only being able to measure the vibrations of the structure along one axis; this research aims to address these issues. The choice of utilizing the small, lightweight, and low-cost Raspberry Pi 3 combined with petite, mountable sensors and actuators was made based upon the greater practicality that the controller, sensors, and actuators exhibit, allowing for their use in a wide variety of applications. An analytical model of the structure was created based on Euler–Bernoulli beam theory and validated through the modal parameters and the frequency response obtained from a finite element model and experimental data. A controller was then designed and applied to the analytical model to attenuate the vibrations along the link, and then the same design was implemented within the Raspberry Pi 3, and experimental studies were carried out. The introduction and effectiveness of a purposeful time delay within the controller was explored within the experimental and analytical studies, with the intention of counteracting unfavorable results produced by the control system. The results of the experiment proved the control design to be effective for a range of frequencies that included the first natural frequency of the link, and validated the analytical model including the control design.
Non-Classical Action of the Mineralocorticoid Receptor in Macrophages: At the Crossroads of Inflammation and Cardiovascular Disease.

Clinical studies demonstrate that pharmacologic inhibition of the mineralocorticoid receptor (MR) dramatically improves survival of heart failure patients[1, 2]. MR antagonists are also effective in inhibiting fibrosis and inflammation in diverse animal models of cardiovascular disease but the target cell type is unknown. We show that monocyte/macrophage MR is critical in controlling macrophage polarization and innate immunity, in vivo and in vitro, as well as the response to cardiac hypertrophy and cardiovascular damage. MR activation stimulates a pro-inflammatory and pro-fibrotic activation profile whereas macrophage MR knockout or pharmacologic inhibition of glucocorticoid occupied MR is anti-inflammatory and induces an alternatively activated macrophage (AMΦ) phenotype. This alternative activation overlaps with the phenotypes induced by PPAR-γ activation, IL-4, and glucocorticoid treatment. MΦMRKO synergizes with PPAR-γ agonists and corticosterone in macrophages to further enhance the overlapping AMΦ phenotypes. In vivo, MΦMRKO mimics MR antagonists and protects
Antenas compactas e miniaturizadas para sistemas de comunicações sem fio e nanossatélites do padrão cubesat

Ao longo dos ultimos anos, os sistemas de comunicacoes sem fio tem apresentando uma tendencia de reducao de tamanho e dimensoes, que implica em uma demanda crescente por miniaturizacao de dispositivos, equipamentos e sistemas de transmissao e recepcao de radiofrequencias. As modernas tecnologias dos nanossatelites tambem trazem essa tendencia para o setor espacial. Neste trabalho, e realizado um estudo da utilizacao combinada de tecnicas de miniaturizacao de antenas planares de microfita, com o objetivo de se alcancar uma reducao no tamanho e dimensoes superior a que se obtem quando sao aplicadas isoladamente. O objetivo especifico e a elaboracao de projetos e a construcao de prototipos de antenas miniaturizadas como proposta para serem aplicadas em nanossatelites. As tecnicas de miniaturizacao utilizadas de forma combinada sao as geometrias fractais, redesenho do patch radiante e shorting post. Nos projetos elaborados, foram alcancados resultados de miniaturizacao das antenas em 70% para aplicacoes de Wi-Fi e 60% para aplicacoes em nanossatelites do padrao CubeSat. O algoritmo Social Spider Optmization (SSO) foi utilizado para otimizacao de parâmetros especificos das estruturas estudadas. Prototipos das antenas projetadas foram construidos e os resultados medidos apresentaram um boa concordância com os resultados simulados. Um conjunto de prototipos de antenas miniaturizadas e proposto para serem aplicadas nos CubeSats do Projeto CONASAT do Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas Espaciais (INPE).
Potential-Induced Degradation Depends on Leakage Current and Light/Electrical Bias in Cu(In,Ga)Se2 Devices

Potential-induced degradation (PID) of encapsulated Cu(In,Ga)Se2 (CIGS) solar cells was studied for different substrates: soda-lime glass (SLG), SLG with an Al2O3 diffusion barrier, and borosilicate glass (BSG). The Al2O3 and BSG samples increased the time to PID failure by 5x and 30x, respectively. The relationship between PID and coulombs transferred from the substrate to the device through leakage current differed depending on the sample type. When the (unrepresentative) dark PID stress test was interrupted to characterize devices with light/electrical bias, PID was partially reversed. In addition, applying high voltage stress to open-circuit devices was less damaging, relative to forward-biased and short-circuited cells. Light/electrical bias may therefore reduce PID by driving alkali metal cations away from the p-n junction to diminish their degrading effects. These results show that device light/electrical bias should be carefully controlled during CIGS PID testing, as it affects PID in addition to leakage current.
Scaling Laws in Rayleigh‐Bénard Convection

The heat transfer scaling theories for Rayleigh‐Bénard convection (RBC) are reviewed and discussed for configurations with and without rotation and magnetic fields. Scaling laws are a useful tool in studying and characterizing geophysical flows as they provide a basis for extrapolation to extreme parameter regimes that remain unobtainable by current computational and experimental efforts. Specifically, power law scalings that relate the efficiency of the heat transport, as measured by the nondimensional Nusselt number Nu, to the thermal driving are pursued. Relations of the functional form Nu∝(Ra/Rac)α are considered. Given the strongly stabilizing influences of rotation and magnetic fields, thermal driving is considered in the context of the supercriticality of the system given by the ratio of the Rayleigh number Ra, measuring the thermal forcing, to the critical Rac, above which convection occurs. Analytical predictions for the exponent α are presented for the regimes of convection, rotating convection, and magnetoconvection, and the scalings are benchmarked against available numerical and experimental results in the accessible regimes. The exponents indicate that the thermal bottleneck to heat transport occurs within the thermal boundary layers for nonrotating RBC and the turbulent interior for rotating RBC. For magnetoconvection, a single exponent of α=1 is obtained for all theories and no bottleneck is identified.
Sensitization in renal transplantation.

: 1. The 1-year graft survival rate for 2,615 broadly sensitized patients of first cadaver-donor transplants between 1985 and 1990 was 72%, 7% lower than 15,615 nonsensitized patients and 6% lower than 4,824 moderately sensitized patients. For retransplants, 1,752 broadly sensitized patients had 61% 1-year graft survival rates, 12% lower than 1,299 nonsensitized patients and 8% lower than 1,104 moderately sensitized patients. 2. Rejection of a previous transplant, pretransplant blood transfusions, sex, and a history of pregnancies were the dominant causes of sensitization. 3. The percentage of nontransfused recipients of first cadaver transplants has increased yearly from 10% in 1985 to more than 40% in 1990 in both the UCLA and UNOS Registries. Over the same period, the percentage of broadly sensitized recipients has declined from 15% to 8%. 4. The beneficial effect of pretransplant transfusions (a 4% improvement at 1 year) was limited in first transplants to males and nonsensitized females. No difference in survival rates of sensitized patients comparing transfused and nontransfused was observed. Patients retransplanted without ever being transfused had very poor outcomes. 5. Delayed graft function (DGF) occurred in approximately 20% of nonsensitized, 28% of moderately (1-50% peak PRA), and 37% of broadly sensitized first transplant recipients. Among retransplanted patients, 28% of nonsensitized, 37% of moderately, and 48% of broadly sensitized patients had DGF. 6. HLA-A,B, and DR matching overcame the deleterious effect of sensitization on graft survival. Sensitization had no effect on the outcome of transplants from HLA-identical siblings, but survival decreased by 7-10% in sensitized recipients of mismatched transplants from relatives. Sensitized first cadaver transplant recipients matched for HLA-A,B, or HLA-DR antigens had 1-year survival rates comparable to those of mismatched nonsensitized recipients. 7. First transplant recipients who were nonsensitized using their current serum but had been broadly sensitized in an historical sample had 73% 1-year graft survival, the same as that of patients who were broadly sensitized in their current serum and 6% less than patients who were never sensitized (p less than 0.001). 8. Assuming a random distribution of sensitized patients at UNOS transplant centers using different methods to measure preformed antibody, the antihuman globulin (AHG) method was more sensitive than the NIH or 1-Wash tests. With AHG, 31% of first and 58% of retransplanted patients were broadly sensitized, whereas with the NIH and 1-Wash methods, the corresponding figures were 18-21% and 41-44%. (ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)
DADOS DE EQUILÍBRIO LÍQUIDO-LÍQUIDO DE SISTEMAS AQUOSOS CONTENDO LÍQUIDOS IÔNICOS PRÓTICOS E ACETONA

RESUMO – Nos últimos anos, os Líquidos Iônicos Próticos (LIPs) tem sido utilizados em diferentes áreas para uma série de aplicações, sendo considerados solventes promissores e de fácil síntese. Entretanto, após a sua aplicação, geralmente há a necessidade de se recuperar os LIPs e outros compostos que estão presentes no sistema. Para isso, em geral, são utilizadas etapas que envolvem equilíbrio de fases. Em vista disto, a determinação e descrição de dados de equilíbrio líquido-líquido (ELL) é necessária para o correto dimensionamento dos equipamentos, assim como para utilizar as condições que garantam a maior eficiência do processo. Neste contexto, neste trabalho foram determinados dados de ELL de dois sistemas aquosos formados por acetona e LIPs: formato de 2hidroxietanolamônio e acetato de 2-hidroxietanolamônio, na temperatura de 293.15 K e pressão atmosférica. As curvas binodais foram determinadas pelo método do ponto de névoa, e as linhas de amarração a partir do método gravimétrico. Além disso, os parâmetros do modelo NRTL foram ajustados utilizando os dados experimentais.
Recursive identification for Wiener non‐linear systems with non‐stationary disturbances

This study investigates the robust recursive identification problem for Wiener non-linear systems with non-stationary disturbance and measurement white Gaussian noise. Non-stationary disturbances cannot be eliminated by conventional statistical strategy. To overcome such problem, the non-stationary disturbance signal is modelled as a dynamic parameter with a small change rate which is to be estimated step. Utilising the forgetting factor (FF) and the auxiliary model strategy, a discrete-time recursive least-squares algorithm is designed by augmenting the parameter vector and the information vector. To facilitate the steady asymptotic convergence of the time-invariant system parameters and the dynamic tracking ability of the disturbance, two adaptive FFs are proposed to construct a new matrix FF scheme that is used to update the covariance matrix. Moreover, several asymptotic convergence conditions are also derived based on the stochastic statistical theory under persistent excitation condition. Finally, one illustrative example with non-stationary disturbance is employed to show the effectiveness and advantages of the proposed algorithms.
On Integer Programming, Discrepancy, and Convolution

Integer programs with a fixed number of constraints are solvable in pseudo-polynomial time in the largest coefficient of any constraint. We give a new algorithm which improves the running time of the state of the art. Moreover, we show that improving on our algorithm for any number of constraints is equivalent to improving over the quadratic time algorithm for (min, +)-convolution. This is strong evidence that our algorithm’s running time is the best possible. We also present a specialized algorithm for testing the feasibility of an integer program and give a tight lower bound, which is based on the strong exponential time hypothesis in this case.
Hepp’s bound for Feynman graphs and matroids

We study a rational matroid invariant, obtained as the tropicalization of the Feynman period integral. It equals the volume of the polar of the matroid polytope and we give efficient formulas for its computation. This invariant is proven to respect all known identities of Feynman integrals for graphs. We observe a strong correlation between the tropical and transcendental integrals, which yields a method to approximate unknown Feynman periods.
Two sensitivity orders applied to the comparison of ROC curves

Abstract The main aim of this article is to propose a conceptual support for ROC curves within the general field of inequalities by applying the theory of majorization of vectors. For our purpose, we will use the concept of sensitivity associated with a vector in which have been recently published in literature. Based on the sensitivity concept we first define an order between two vectors that we will call strong order sensitivity. Secondly, we will define a weak version of the previous order that enables us to expand the range of ROC curves that are comparable in absolute terms. Finally, we will apply the results to compare medical diagnostic procedures using ROC curves where we propose a new index of the reliability of diagnostic methods.
High-Sensitivity Fiber-Optic Strain Sensor Based on the Vernier Effect and Separated Fabry–Perot Interferometers

A high-sensitivity fiber-optic strain sensor, based on the Vernier effect and separated Fabry–Perot interferometers (FPIs), is proposed and experimentally demonstrated. One air-cavity FPI is used as a sensing FPI (SFPI) and another is used as a matched FPI (MFPI) to generate the Vernier effect. The two FPIs are connected by a fiber link but separated by a long section of single-mode fiber (SMF). The SFPI is fabricated by splicing a section of microfiber between two SMFs with a large lateral offset, and the MFPI is formed by a section of hollow-core fiber sandwiched between two SMFs. By using the Vernier effect, the strain sensitivity of the proposed sensor reaches $\text{1.15 nm/}\mu \varepsilon $, which is the highest strain sensitivity of an FPI-based sensor reported so far. Owing to the separated structure of the proposed sensor, the MFPI can be isolated from the SFPI and the detection environment. Therefore, the MFPI is not affected by external physical quantities (such as strain and temperature) and thus has a very low temperature cross-sensitivity. The experimental results show that a low-temperature cross-sensitivity of $\text{0.056 } \mu \varepsilon /^ {\circ }{\text{C}}$ can be obtained with the proposed sensor. With its advantages of simple fabrication, high strain sensitivity, and low-temperature cross-sensitivity, the proposed sensor has great application prospects in several fields.
Regression model and successive linearization approach to analyse stagnation point micropolar nanofluid flow over a stretching sheet in a porous medium with nonlinear thermal radiation

The key objective of this paper is to examine the effect of second order slip on MHD mixed convective stagnation point flow of a micropolar nanofluid with thermal radiation, viscous and Joule dissipations, Brownian and thermophoretic diffusions, etc. The numerical solution of governing equations is obtained by the successive linearization method (SLM) (Motsa and Sibanda 2012 Comput. Math. Appl. 63 1197). A comparative study is performed between our outcomes and past acquired outcomes in a limiting sense. Numerous critical outcomes are uncovered in the present examination including in the presence of second order slip; first order slip shows the opposing tendency for fluid velocity and angular velocity, but in the absence of second order slip and the presence of mixed convection parameters it acts as an assisting parameter for fluid velocity and angular velocity. Regression analysis is used in many fields including industries, prediction and forecasting. Keeping this in mind, quadratic multiple regression analysis is performed for the skin friction coefficient and local Nusselt number. It demonstrates that when a free stream is moving with less velocity than stretching velocity, then a small variation in microrotation prompts substantial perturbation in skin friction in comparison to the mixed convection parameter. However, in the reverse case, the buoyancy force turns out to be more dominant.