Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Do children with aggressive behavior have temporal lobe changes

Aggressive behavior and mood disorders frequently appear in childhood. There is often lack of objective data to support a specific clinical diagnosis. Ultimately it is likely that alterations in production, concentration, storage, release, reuptake and degradation of neurotransmitters such as serotonin, dopamine, acetylcholine and gamma-aminobutyric acid play key roles in the manifestations of mood disorders. We sought to determine if more gross anatomic patterns of regional brain activation in a "baseline" state might also supply an objective means of verifying the presence of a mood disorder characterized by anger or aggressive behavior.
RECOGNIZING AND RANKING EFFECTIVE FACTORS TO SELECT THE MOST APPROPRIATE RFID SYSTEM IN PRODUCTIVE UNITS WITH AHP APPROACH (CASE STUDY: JAMCO CO)

Information technology is one of technologies that have greatly influenced supply chains’ management and logistics affairs. By rapid growth of the technology, collaboration and coordination between supply chains’ members have been changed, and has moved from traditional interactions to integrated information systems between members. Meanwhile, some specific technologies have been interested more than other information areas. Product tracking during the chain and registering its related information in a point only is one of the cases. Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) is a technology that is used in supply chains’ management in this direction. Although, the technology was emerged before supply chain and logistics’ issues, it has been considered more than before due to its great application on the chain in recent years.
Nutritional assessment of women in the reproductive age group (15-49 years) from a rural area, Kolar, Kerala, India

Background: Adults in India are affected by dual burden of malnutrition such as over nutrition and under nutrition. Literature suggests that only 52% of women and 57% of men are at a normal weight for their height. Objectives: To estimate the nutritional status of women in the reproductive age group in rural Kolar and to estimate various socio-demographic factors associated with the nutritional status of women. Methods: Community based Cross-sectional study was conducted in rural field practice areas of Medical College for 6 months. 180 women in the reproductive age group of 15-49 years residing at Devarayasamudra village were included. Statistical methods: Chi-square test and multiple logistic regression were used as test of significance. Results: It was observed that out of 180 women, 49 (27.2%) of the women were overweight and 26 (14.4%) women were underweight. 36.67% women had a waist hip ratio of more than 0.85. Multivariate logistic regression showed that Age and educational status were independent risk factors for increased Waist Hip Ratio among women in reproductive age group. Conclusions: Higher prevalence of overweight and abdominal obesity was observed among women of reproductive age group in rural area. Hence measures to improve the nutritional status of women in rural areas need to be addressed.
Geometric structures associated with a contact metric $(\kappa,\mu)$-space

We prove that any contact metric $(\kappa,\mu)$-space $(M,\xi,\phi,\eta,g)$ admits a canonical paracontact metric structure which is compatible with the contact form $\eta$. We study such canonical paracontact structure, proving that it verifies a nullity condition and induces on the underlying contact manifold $(M,\eta)$ a sequence of compatible contact and paracontact metric structures verifying nullity conditions. The behavior of that sequence, related to the Boeckx invariant $I_M$ and to the bi-Legendrian structure of $(M,\xi,\phi,\eta,g)$, is then studied. Finally we are able to define a canonical Sasakian structure on any contact metric $(\kappa,\mu)$-space whose Boexkx invariant satisfies $|I_M|>1$.
Automatic Prediction of CEFR Proficiency Levels Based on Linguistic Features of Learner Language

In this theses we present an approach to language proficiency assessment for German. We address language proficiency assessment as a classification problem. Our main focus lies on examining a wide range of features on the syntactic, lexical and morphological level. We combine features from previous work on proficiency assessment with proficiency measures from language acquisition research, and additional indicators from readability assessment. Our data set consists of 1027 German short essays that were produced during German as a second language examinations and rated on the CEFR scale by humans examiners. We experiment with different machine learning algorithms and techniques for model optimization, and conduct a number of experiments that mainly investigate the performance of different feature combinations.
Electrical Conductivity of the Stratosphere

Ionic conductivity of the stratosphere is one of the important parameters for understanding the electrical state of the region. This parameter is sensitive to the presence of aerosols and thus, aerosol loading on the stratosphere has a bearing on the conductivity. Preliminary efforts were made to study the behaviour of stratospheric ion conductivity and its variation under enhanced aerosol conditions by making use of an Ion-aerosol model. The aerosol ion-small ion recombination coefficient obtained from the model determines the extent to which aerosols can alter the conductivity of the stratosphere. This necessitates the requirement of experimental measurements of attachment and recombination coefficient along with simultaneously measured aerosol density to have the proper information on electrical conductivity of the region.
Impulsive Controllability/Observability for Interconnected Descriptor Systems with Two Subsystems

The problem of decentralized impulse controllability/observability for large-scale interconnected descriptor systems with two subsystems by derivative feedback is studied. Necessary conditions for the existence of a derivative feedback controller for the first subsystem of the large-scale interconnected descriptor systems ensuring the second subsystem to be impulse controllable and impulse observable are derived, respectively. Based on the results, a derivative feedback controller for the first subsystem of the large-scale interconnected descriptor systems is constructed easily such that the second subsystem is impulse controllable or impulse observable. Finally, examples are given to illustrate the effectiveness of the results obtained in this paper.
The Psychology of Patent Protection

This Article offers the first comprehensive assessment of the major justifications for our patent system using a behavioral psychology framework. Applying insights from the behavioral literature that I argue more accurately account for the realities of human action than previous analytical tools, I critically evaluate each of the major justifications for patents — incentive theory, disclosure theory, prospect theory, commercialization theory, patent racing theory, and non-utilitarian theories. I ask whether our current patent system is an effective regime for meeting the stated goals of these accounts. When the answer to this question is no, I again turn to the behavioral literature to provide suggestions for how we might better achieve these goals. The results of this analysis suggest that our current patent system is best justified under the commercialization account. Surprisingly, my analysis also suggests that many of the behaviors and outcomes we hope to encourage through patents might more effectively be accomplished using less socially costly non-financial incentives.
Equal Citizens, Uneven Communities: Differentiated and Hierarchical Citizenship in Kosovo

Abstract This paper looks at the case of citizenship in Kosovo and argues that the mismatch between the idea of a ‘liberal’ state and the practice of group differentiation, on the one hand, and the socio-political reality that emerged in the post-war period, on the other, has resulted in a citizenship regime that is hierarchical. It aims to demonstrate how despite the legally enshrined promise of equality, differentiated citizenship, together with a political context defined by an ethnic divide and past structural inequalities, as well as uneven external citizenship opportunities, contributed to the emergence of hierarchical citizenship, in which some groups (communities), or ‘rights-and-duty-bearing units’, are more equal than the others.
SCALABLE PARALLEL ALGORITHMS AND SOFTWARE FOR LARGE SCALE PROTEOMICS

by Gaurav Ramesh Kulkarni, M.S. Washington State University December 2009 Chair: Ananth Kalyanaraman The problem of identifying the sequence that constitutes a peptide or a protein molecule is referred to as “peptide identification” and is of fundamental importance in proteomics research. The most popular approach to identify peptides is through database search, in which an experimental spectrum generated from fragments of an unknown peptide using mass spectrometry is compared with a database of known protein sequences. The goal is to identify the unknown peptide by comparing to database sequences. The exponential growth rates and overwhelming sizes of sequence databases make this an ideal application for parallel computing. However, the present generation of software tools is not expected to scale to the magnitudes of data that will be generated in the next few years, as they are either serial algorithms or parallel strategies that are inherently serial. In this thesis, we present an efficient parallel approach for peptide identification through database search. Three key factors distinguish our approach from that of existing solutions: i) (space) Given þ processors and a database with N residues, we provide the first space-optimal parallel algorithm (O(N/þ)); ii) (time) By masking communication with computation and by using MPI one-sided communication primitives, our algorithm minimizes parallel overhead and ensures efficient scaling of run-time; and iii) (quality) The performance gains achieved using parallel processing has allowed us to incorporate highly accurate, albeit compute-intensive statistical models. We present the design and
Mapping the temperature of the intra-cluster medium with the thermal Sunyaev-Zel'dovich effect

The hot electrons in the intra-cluster medium produce a spectral distorsion of the cosmic microwave background (CMB) black body emission, the thermal Sunyaev-Zel'dovich effect (tSZ). This characteristic spectral distorsion is now commonly used to detect and characterize the properties of galaxy clusters. The tSZ effect spectral distorsion does not depends on the redshift, and is only slightly affected by the galaxy cluster properties via the relativistic corrections, when the electrons reach relativistic velocities. The present work proposes a linear component separation approach to extract the tSZ effect Compton parameter and relativistic corrections for next-generation CMB experiments. We demonstrated that relativistic corrections, if neglected, would induce a significant bias on galaxy cluster Compton parameter, tSZ scaling relation slope, and tSZ angular power spectrum shape measurements. We showed that tSZ relativistic corrections mapping can be achieved at high signal-to-noise ratio with a low level of contamination up to $\ell=3000$ for next generation CMB experiments. At smaller angular scales the contamination produced by infra-red emission will be a significant source of bias. Such tSZ relativistic corrections mapping enables the study of galaxy cluster temperature profile via the tSZ effect only.
CONCEPTUAL MODEL SUITABILITY FOR REPRODUCING PREFERENTIAL FLOW IN WASTE ROCK

This study describes the first-time application of modelling approaches designed for groundwater flow in fractured massive rock aquifers to reproduce preferential flow triggered by macropores and fractures in waste rock material, using the 3D numerical HydroGeoSphere model. Besides the common equivalent porous media conceptual approach, the dual continuum and discrete random fracture approach were tested for reproducing distinct, predominantly macropore- and porous media-driven outflows observed at an intermediate laboratory scale experiment. Outflows obtained with the numerical model applying the basic equivalent porous media approach could not cover the macropore-driven drainage period. Increasing model complexity improved model accuracy in terms of reproducing onset of observed drainage periods and total cumulative volumes. However, observed distinct discharge periods and discharge pausing could not be depicted with the numerical model, independently of the conceptual model applied. A sensitivity analysis concludes this study, indicating the necessity of improving knowledge on principal model parameters, such as fracture aperture and location.
A research agenda on using conceptual models for user story development

Agile practitioners and researchers have identified many challenges related to the requirements in agile projects. Some of these challenges relate to documentation and more specifically the development, maintenance, and management of user stories. This research addresses some of the user stories challenges by proposing the use of conceptual models while developing user stories. Conceptual models are presentations used for domain understanding. The proposal considers development of such conceptual models automatically while user stories are developed. A detailed research plan has been developed to conduct this research.
The Effects of Codeswitching on Elementary Students in a Border Area of South Texas: A Teacher Perspective Part I

Cognitive theorists suggest that codeswitching occurs due to a series of cognitive processes such as automaticity and control. This paper is an attempt to provide an explanation about the effects of codeswitching in the learning process. This research targets four major areas: 1) Codeswitching interfering with learning; 2) Codeswitching in oral and written production; 3) Codeswitching and academic success; 4) Codeswitching and bilingual education programs. The study included 278 participants from 14 elementary schools in a South Texas border area. The data was collected through the use of questionnaires. According to the results, most teachers believed that codeswitching does not interfere with learning. They also observed more oral codeswitching than written codeswitching. Furthermore, teachers indicated that students who codeswitch are academically successful; they considered codeswitching as a result of bilingual education programs; and that codeswitching represents an advantage for bilingual children who are challenged by a second language.
A critical re-examination of the role of chromosome translocations in cancer

A chromosome translocation occurs at random in many hematological and solid malignancies and is considered the initiating event of carcinogenesis. However, the early events of carcinogenesis do not entirely align with this hypothesis. First, chromosome translocations are observed more frequently than expected if they were truly a random event. Second, chromosome translocations are often found in healthy individuals, and a specific rearrangement may be observed in up to half of the general population. Third, tissue proliferation is observed before chromosome translocation. Further, the at-random breakage–re-ligation–selection mechanism proposed to explain chromosome translocations in cancer is not well understood, particularly regarding how chromosomes come in contact with each other. These observations open the possibility that an alternative mechanism may contribute. Here, a model is proposed to describe how chromosome translocations, which are often observed in stressed tissue, could be produced in relation to transcription. Transcription–associated recombination may explain how over-expressed genes that are temporally in close proximity may become abnormally fused. This model offers a framework for the hypothesis that early carcinogenesis promotes chromosome translocation, rather than that cancer is initiated by chromosome translocation. Further, the hypothesis suggests that the role of genetic modifications observed early in malignancy is more complex and less determining than currently considered and implies that therapy targeting genetic modifications could miss the causal mechanism.
Epidemiology and geographical distribution of gastrointestinal parasitic infection in humans in Slovakia

Summary Examinations of the set of 2,760 samples of human stools revealed the current epidemiological situation in the occurrence of gastrointestinal parasitoses in Slovakia. Prevalence of gastrointestinal parasitic infection was P = 6.81 % out of which the protozoan infections was P = 2.64 % and helminthiases P = 4.17 %, in the representation of endoparasitic species Entamoeba coli, Giardia intestinalis, Blastocystis hominis, Endolimax nana, Ascaris lumbricoides, Trichuris trichiura and Enterobius vermicularis. The species with the highest proportion from the protozoa was Entamoeba coli (P = 0.79 %) and from the helminths Ascaris lumbricoides (P = 3.73 %). The highest prevalence of protozoan infections (P = 3.27 %) was found in the age group 8 – 18 yearly and helminthic infections (P = 5.84 %) in the lowest age group of children at the age of 1 month to 7 years. Almost regularly, there was most frequently infection with Endolimax nana, Giardia intestinalis and Ascaris lumbricoides. By comparison of all age categories, a high statistical significance of differences in the prevalence of helminthiases was found, which most frequently infected children aged from 1 month to 7 years (X2, p≤ 0.0001). The statistical significance of differences in the incidence of protozoan infections (X2, p≤ 0.01) and helminthiases (X2, p≤ 0.0001) was recorded between the compared regions of Slovakia (Western, Central and Eastern Slovakia) with the highest prevalence in the eastern region of Slovakia.
Design and simulation of a Mode converter for the excitation of Quasi-optical Amplifiers

*Toshihisa Kamei, **Chun-Tung Cheung, ***James J. Rosenberg, **David B. Rutledge *Department of Electrical Engineering, National Defense Academy 1-10-20, Hashirimizu, Yokosuka-shi, Kanagawa, 239-8686,Japan **Department of Electrical Engineering, California Institute of Technology Pasadena, California 91125 USA *** Department of Engineering, Harvey Mudd College Claremont, California 91711, USA *E-mail:kamei@nda.ac. jp
Competitive Strategy and Performance in Mexico, Peru, and the United States

This paper compares competitive strategy-performance relationships in Mexico, Peru, and the USA. 334 managers in the USA, 398 in Mexico, and 314 in Peru completed surveys. An innovative strategy orientation was positively associated with performance satisfaction in all 3 nations. The link between low cost strategy orientation and performance was negative in Mexico and positive in the USA. Mexican firms were the most innovative and Peruvian the most cost-oriented. Top managers in Mexico considered their firms’ strategies less innovative and more cost-oriented than did middle and lower level managers. Top managers in Peru considered their firms’ strategies more cost-oriented than did middle and lower level managers. The U.S. sample showed no significant strategy differences across management levels.
Isolation and characterization of resistant gene analogs in cassava, wild Manihot species, and castor bean (Ricinus communis)

Cassava, Manihot esculenta , is one of the major food crops in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) providing the bulk of dietary calories to hundreds of millions of households. Two viral diseases, namely cassava mosaic disease (CMD) and cassava brown streak disease (CBSD) pose a serious threat to cassava production. The emergence of new virus species and strains that overcome the existing resistant/tolerant cultivars entails identification and pyramiding of new sources of resistance using marker-aided selection. The isolation of resistance gene analogues (RGAs) using a homology-based approach can provide useful resources towards this goal. Degenerate primers based on the conserved motif of the nucleotide binding site (NBS) domain from resistance (R) genes were used to isolate RGAs from genomic DNA and cDNA in cassava, wild Manihot species, and castor bean ( Ricinus communis ). A total of 552 RGAs sequences were identified and deposited in GenBank. Conserved motifs such as P-loop, Kinase-2a and GLPL were present in the NBS domain. This study sheds light on the nature of NBS- leucine-rich repeat (LRR) R genes in cassava and closely related taxa in the family Euphorbiaceae. These candidate sequences mapped to the draft cassava genome with high sequence similarity to predicted NBS-LRR genes. These novel sequences may serve as a stepping stone for further characterization and experimental validation of predicted R genes in the draft cassava genome, ultimately leading to the development of functional gene-targeted markers that can be used in molecular resistance breeding aimed at combating CBSD and CMD. Key words: Cassava, resistance, Manihot , castor bean, resistance gene analog, nucleotide binding site.
Stereotactic Body Radiotherapy for Pancreatic Cancer

Despite advances in surgical, radiation and systemic therapy, the prognosis of pancreatic cancer remains poor. Most patients are not amendable to curative surgical resection at presentation. Chemo-radiotherapy is the standard of care for locally advanced pancreatic cancer, but its local control is poor. Stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT) is a viable therapeutic option to maximise local control with a tolerable side-effect profile. It enables precise delivery of high-dose radiation over a short period (typically 1-5 days) and leads to better local control, disease outcome, and symptom palliation. SBRT can also be applied in neoadjuvant, adjuvant, or re-irradiation treatment. We review the technology, clinical application, and future direction of SBRT for treatment of pancreatic cancer.
Functional group diversity, resource preemption and the genesis of invasion resistance in a community of marine algae

Although many studies have investigated how community characteristics such as diversity and disturbance relate to invasibility, the mechanisms underlying biotic resistance to introduced species are not well understood. I manipulated the functional group composition of native algal communities and invaded them with the introduced, Japanese seaweed Sargassum muticum to understand how individual functional groups contributed to overall invasion resistance. The results suggested that space preemption by crustose and turfy algae inhibited S. muticum recruitment and that light preemption by canopy and understory algae reduced S. muticum survivorship. However, other mechanisms I did not investigate could have contributed to these two results. In this marine community the sequential preemption of key resources by different functional groups in different stages of the invasion generated resistance to invasion by S. muticum. Rather than acting collectively on a single resource the functional groups in this system were important for preempting either space or light, but not both resources. My experiment has important implications for diversity-invasibility studies, which typically look for an effect of diversity on individual resources. Overall invasion resistance will be due to the additive effects of individual functional groups (or species) summed over an invader's life cycle. Therefore, the cumulative effect of multiple functional groups (or species) acting on multiple resources is an alternative mechanism that could generate negative relationships between diversity and invasibility in a variety of biological systems.