Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Mining the UKIDSS Galactic Plane Survey: star formation and embedded clusters

Context. Data mining techniques must be developed and applied to analyse the large public data bases containing hundreds to thousands of millions entries. Aims. To develop methods for locating previously unknown stellar clusters from the UKIDSS Galactic Plane Survey catalogue data. Methods. The cluster candidates are computationally searched from pre-filtered catalogue data using a method that fits a mixture model of Gaussian densities and background noise using the Expectation Maximization algorithm. The catalogue data contains a significant number of false sources clustered around bright stars. A large fraction of these artefacts were automatically filtered out before or during the cluster search. The UKIDSS data reduction pipeline tends to classify marginally resolved stellar pairs and objects seen against variable surface brightness as extended objects (or ”galaxies” in the archive parlance). 10% or 66 × 106 of the sources in the UKIDSS GPS catalogue brighter than 17m in the K band are classified as ”galaxies”. Young embedded clusters create variable NIR surface brightness because the gas/dust clouds in which they were formed scatters the light from the cluster members. Such clusters appear therefore as clusters of ”galaxies” in the catalogue and can be found using only a subset of the catalogue data. The detected ”galaxy clusters” were finally screened visually to eliminate the remaining false detections due to data artefacts. Besides the embedded clusters the search also located locations of non clustered embedded star formation. Results. The search covered an area of 1302 deg2 and 137 previously unknown cluster candidates and 30 previously unknown sites of star formation were found.
Autologous Osteochondral Transplantation for Osteochondral Lesions of the Talus

Background: Autologous osteochondral transplantation (AOT) is used to treat osteochondral lesions (OCLs) of the talus, typically reserved for lesions greater than 150 mm2. Few studies exist examining the functional and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) outcomes following this procedure. The purpose of this study was to investigate functional and MRI outcomes, including quantitative T2 mapping following AOT. Methods: Eighty-five consecutive patients who underwent AOT were identified. Functional outcomes were assessed pre- and postoperatively using the Foot and Ankle Outcome Score (FAOS). The Magnetic Resonance Observation of Cartilage Repair Tissue (MOCART) score was used to assess cartilage incorporation. Quantitative T2 MRI relaxation time of graft tissue and adjacent normal cartilage values were recorded in a subset of 61 patients. The mean clinical follow-up was 47.2 months, with mean MRI follow-up of 24.8 months. Results: Mean FAOS improved pre- to postoperatively from 50 to 81 (P < .001). The mean MOCART score was 85.8. Lesion size was negatively correlated with MOCART score (r = −0.36, P = .004). Superficial T2 values in graft tissue were higher than control tissue (42.0 vs 35.8, P < .001). Deep T2 values in graft tissue were similar to the control values (30.9 vs 30.0, P = .305). Functional outcomes were similar in patients irrespective of whether they had previous microfracture or concomitant procedures. Conclusion: AOT was an effective treatment for large OCLs of the talus in the current study. MOCART scoring indicated good structural integrity of the graft. Quantitative T2 mapping suggests that graft tissue may not always mirror native hyaline cartilage. The long-term implications of this are not yet known. Level of Evidence: Level IV, case series.
Macro-model Based SPICE Simulation of DC / DC Switching Regulators

A macro-model is a simplified model that emulates functional characteristics of a device or circuit, and widely used in system-level simulation. In this paper, macro-model based SPICE simulation of DC/DC switching regulators is presented. Macro-models of a power switch and Pulse Width Modulation (PWM) control circuit are described. Two simulation examples are given to demonstrate the capability of these macromodels in simulating switching regulator performances.
Clinical response to dietary fiber treatment of chronic constipation.

OBJECTIVES To determine the clinical outcome of dietary fiber therapy in patients with chronic constipation. METHODS One hundred, forty-nine patients with chronic constipation (age 53 yr, range 18-81 yr, 84% women) at two gastroenterology departments in Munich, Germany, were treated with Plantago ovata seeds, 15-30 g/day, for a period of at least 6 wk. Repeated symptom evaluation, oroanal transit time measurement (radiopaque markers), and functional rectoanal evaluation (proctoscopy, manometry, defecography) were performed. Patients were classified on the basis of the result of dietary fiber treatment: no effect, n = 84; improved, n = 33; and symptom free, n = 32. RESULTS Eighty percent of patients with slow transit and 63% of patients with a disorder of defecation did not respond to dietary fiber treatment, whereas 85% of patients without a pathological finding improved or became symptom free. CONCLUSION Slow GI transit and/or a disorder of defecation may explain a poor outcome of dietary fiber therapy in patients with chronic constipation. A dietary fiber trial should be conducted before technical investigations, which are indicated only if the dietary fiber trial fails.
First-level tabu search approach for solving the multiple-choice multidimensional knapsack problem

We apply tabu search to the multiple-choice multidimensional knapsack problem. An initial solution involves a simple greedy heuristic. A neighbourhood is generated and a move is selected based on the best feasible neighbouring solution. The search continues for a fixed number of iterations and tabu search structures are used to improve the search process. We study the problem structure of available, benchmark, test problem instances and develop a new, more diverse set of test problem instances whose results better generalise to practice than do results obtained using existing test problems. We report the results of testing our tabu search approach versus existing solution approaches as applied to the available and our new test problem instances. The computational results show that our proposed approach performs comparably or better than the legacy heuristic approaches and clearly demonstrates that test problems affects how well results generalise to practice.
The Impact Of B2B Exchange Membership On Firm Value: An Event Study Analysis

Web-based B2B exchanges have experienced a significant growth in recent years. While some B2B exchanges have met with huge success, several others have failed to live up to expectations. There is hardly any systematic study to assess the value of B2B marketplaces for participating firms. Our research employs an event-study methodology to investigate the effect of various industry, firm, and exchange-related factors on the value-added to the firms joining a B2B exchange. We find that firm-type (manufacturing vs. non-manufacturing) significantly affects the gains to participating firms but the role of the firm in the marketplace (buyer, seller or both) is not significant. We also find that the exchange-governance mechanism (consortia-based vs. public) and its value-proposition (transactional, collaborative or both) significantly influence the valueadded to participating firms. These findings have significant implications for firms’ choices of online-marketplaces as well as for the design, and marketing strategies of online exchanges.
Clinical Electrophysiology in Quinine Induced Retinal Toxicity

A 43-year-old woman was evaluated 9 months after a deliberate overdose of quinine. The patient's visual acuity was 20/20, but she had lost all peripheral vision beyond approximately 30° eccentricity. The multifocal electroretinography (mfERG) and optical coherence tomography are described for the first time in this condition. The mfERG shows electronegative waveforms beyond 6°. The mfERG response density is reduced at all retinal locations. Optical coherence tomography shows thinning of the middle and inner retina by 25 to 35%, with preservation of the photoreceptor layer. Recent regulatory restrictions in off-label uses of quinine products should help to reduce the incidence of adverse toxic reactions.
Fidelity mechanisms in DNA replication.

BASE INSERTION SELECTIVITY BY DNA POL YMERASES . The Base 1''lSertion Pathway . Structural Aspects to Base Selection by DNA Polymerases . Polymerase Insertion Errors . Fidelity Assays and Major Conclusions . Error Avoidance in Base Insertion----General Conclusions .
System Development of Quantitative Ultrasonic Detection for Osteoporosis

Quantitative ultrasound diagnosis of osteoporosis has become one of the most potential methods for measuring Bone Mineral Density (BMD) because of its advantages of low-cost, no radiation and high precision. With the method of pulse transmission, we develop a detection system of quantitative ultrasound parameters taking TMS320F2810 as the core, so high-speed data acquisition and synchronization of ultrasonic signals which are transmitted and received by the transceiving circuit can be achieved. The studying has detection the speed called SOS that ultrasound transmit in the bone. We can use the message of the detection above to diagnose and forecast the bone mass loss, osteoporosis from a new angle. Respectively experiment to this people of different age, then validated the correctness of system.
Contribution of alveolar phagocytes to antibiotic efficacy in an experimental lung infection with Streptococcus pneumoniae.

OBJECTIVES The effect of cyclophosphamide-induced leukocytopenia on the cellular defence and on the efficacy of penicillin treatment in a Streptococcus pneumoniae pneumonia model in mice was studied. METHODS The number of alveolar phagocytes was determined in broncho-alveolar lavage (BAL) fluid as well as the number of bacteria in both BAL fluid and homogenized lung tissue. RESULTS Eighteen and 21 h after infection, leukocytopenic animals had significantly lower numbers of alveolar phagocytes than controls, while the numbers of bacteria in both BAL fluid and lungs were significantly higher. The number of bacteria was inversely related to the dose of penicillin and the number of alveolar macrophages. The number of alveolar granulocytes was inversely related to the dose of penicillin. CONCLUSIONS Leukocytopenia due to cyclophosphamide impairs the cellular defence in the lung against Streptococcus pneumoniae and the dose of penicillin must be increased to compensate for the higher outgrowth of bacteria in these leukocytopenic mice, compared to normal animals.
A three-dimensional framework of pi-stacked hydrogen-bonded chains in benzyl 4-chloro-3-nitrobenzoate, and chains of hydrogen-bonded rings in benzyl 4-nitrobenzoate, redetermined at 120 K.

Benzyl 4-chloro-3-nitrobenzoate, C14H10ClNO4, crystallizes with Z' = 2 in the space group P-1. The molecules are linked by three independent C-H.O hydrogen bonds into chains of edge-fused R(4)4 (26) and R(4)4 (34) rings, and these chains are linked into a three-dimensional framework structure by aromatic pi-pi stacking interactions. In benzyl 4-nitrobenzoate, C14H11NO4, the molecules are linked by two independent C-H.O hydrogen bonds into chains containing two types of R(2)2 (10) ring.
Location of sequences within rotavirus SA11 glycoprotein VP7 which direct it to the endoplasmic reticulum

The Simian 11 rotavirus glycoprotein VP7 is directed to the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) of the cell and retained as an integral membrane protein. The gene coding for VP7 predicts two potential initiation codons, each of which precedes a hydrophobic region of amino acids (H1 and H2) with the characteristics of a signal peptide. Using the techniques of gene mutagenesis and expression, we have determined that either hydrophobic domain alone can direct VP7 to the ER. A protein lacking both hydrophobic regions was not transported to the ER. Some polypeptides were directed across the ER membrane and then into the secretory pathway of the cell. For a variant retaining only the H1 domain, secretion was cleavage dependent, since an amino acid change which prevented cleavage also stopped secretion. However, secretion of two other deletion mutants lacking H1 and expressing truncated H2 domains was unaffected by this mutation, suggesting that these proteins were secreted without cleavage of their NH2-terminal hydrophobic regions or secreted after cleavage at a site(s) not predicted by current knowledge.
Atteinte trachéo-bronchique ulcéro-nécrotique au cours d'une maladie de Crohn

Une jeune femme etait hospitalisee pour premiere poussee de maladie de Crohn colique. Une toux chronique invalidante faisait decouvrir des lesions tracheales et bronchiques, dont les biopsies trouvaient des lesions inflammatoires specifiques (granulomes epithelioides et gigantocellulaires) L'atteinte broncho-pulmonaire symptomatique est rare au cours des maladies inflammatoires chroniques intestinales; elle n'est d'ailleurs pas mentionnee dans la plupart des traites de gastroenterologie.
Instantaneous Active and Reactive Current Component Method for Active Filters under Balanced & Unbalanced mains Voltage Conditions for 3-ph 3-wire System

Power quality problem is the most sensitive problem in a power system. Most of the pollution issues created in power system is because of the nonlinear nature of loads. Due to large amount of non-linear equipment, impact and fluctuating loads (such as locomotive, arc-furnace, heavy merchant mill, welding equipment etc.), problems of power quality is becoming more and more serious problem with time. To overcome this problem APF (Active power filter) has gained more attention because of its excellent performance of harmonic mitigation and reactive power compensation. But still performance of the active filter depends upon different control strategies. This paper presents detailed analysis to compare and elevate the performance of two control strategies for extracting reference currents of shunt active power filter under balanced and un-balanced voltage condition by using PI controller . The instantaneous active and reactive current component (id-iq) method and instantaneous active and reactive power (p-q) method are two control strategies which are extensively used in active filters. A shunt active filter based on the instantaneous active and reactive current component (id-iq) method is proposed. This method aims to compensate harmonic and first harmonic unbalance. Both methods are completely frequency independent. Simulations are carried out with PI controller for the (Id-Iq) control strategies for different voltage condition. Under un-balanced voltage condition it is found that the instantaneous active and reactive current component (id-iq) has a better harmonic compensation performance. Index Terms—Shunt Active power filter, id-iq control method, p-q control method, PI controller
Power Diagrams: Properties, Algorithms and Applications

The power pow $(x,s)$ of a point x with respect to a sphere s in Euclidean d-space $E^d $ is given by $d^2 (x,z) - r^2 $, where d denotes the Euclidean distance function, and z and r are the center and the radius of s. The power diagram of a finite set S of spheres in $E^d $ is a cell complex that associates each $s \in S$ with the convex domain $\{ x \in E^d | {\operatorname{pow}} (x,s) < {\operatorname{pow}} (x,t), {\text{ for all }} t \in S - \{ s\} \}$. The close relationship to convex hulls and arrangements of hyperplanes is investigated and exploited. Efficient algorithms that compute the power diagram and its order-k modifications are obtained. Among the applications of these results are algorithms for detecting k-sets, for union and intersection problems for cones and paraboloids, and for constructing weighted Voronoi diagrams and Voronoi diagrams for spheres. Upper space bounds for these geometric problems are derived.
Hexaaquacadmium(II) bis{[N-(2-oxidobenzylidene)glycyl-l-leucinato]cuprate(II)} dihydrate

The title compound, [Cd(H2O)6][Cu(C15H17N2O4)]2·2H2O, has a chiral structure. Copper has a square-planar coordination with two N and two O atoms of the quadridentate chiral Schiff base ligand. The Cd2+ ion is coordinated by six aqua ligands with a slightly distorted octahedral configuration. Ions are linked by O—H⋯O hydrogen bonds, and the [Cd(H2O)6]2+ cations and [CuL]− anions (L = Schiff base derived from glycyl-l-leucine and salicylaldehyde) occupy a stacking structure within well separated columns along the a axis. The two crystallographically independent copper–Schiff base anions each have a chiral carbon centre with an S configuration. They are related by a non-crystallographic twofold rotation axis parallel to the [010] direction.
Microvascular free flaps: a major advance in head and neck reconstruction.

ALESSANDRA RINALDO, ASHOK R. SHAHA, WILLIAM I. WEI, CARL E. SILVER and ALFIO FERLITO From the Department of Otolaryngology—Head and Neck Surgery, University of Udine, Udine, Italy, Head and Neck Service, Memorial Sloan–Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, USA, Division of Head and Neck Surgery, Otorhinolaryngology, Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Hong Kong Medical Center, Queen Mary Hospital, Hong Kong, People’s Republic of China and Department of Surgery, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Monte ore Medical Center, Bronx, New York, USA
Effect of Using Organic Acids to Substitute Antibiotic Growth Promoters on Performance and Intestinal Microflora of Broilers

A grower broiler experiment (from 14 to 35 days of age) was conducted to study the effect of using two commercial mixtures of organic acids (Galliacid ® and Biacid ® ) to substitute antibiotic growth promoter (Eneramycin ® ) on performance, carcass characteristics and intestinal microflora. 400 (Ross 308) broiler chicks were used. A basal corn-soybean meal diet were formulated and served as a control treatment. The control diet was supplemented with either 0.06% Galliacid, 0.1% Biacid or 0.02% Eneramycin. Birds fed the Galliacid-supplemented diet had 16% (p<0.001) more gain than the control, while those fed the Biacid- or Enramycin- supplemented diets recorded 3 and 5.5% more gain, respectively. Organic acids mixtures and Enramycin supplementation significantly (p<0.001) improved feed conversion ratio. These results indicated that birds fed either organic acid mixtures or Enramycin- supplemented diets utilized feed more efficiently than those fed the control diet. Galliacid significantly (p<0.01) increased dressing percentage and bursa weight (% body weight). No significant differences were detected on liver, spleen and thymus (% body weight) among treatments. Galliacid or Biacid significantly (p<0.001) decreased intestinal Escherichia coli and Salmonella compared to the control and Enramycin-supplemented diets. Dietary Enramycin significantly (p<0.001) decreased Escherichia coli, but had no effect on Salmonella counts. In conclusion, organic acid mixtures are more efficient than antibiotic growth promoter (Enramycin) in improving broiler performance and decreasing intestinal Escherichia coli and Salmonella spp. , and could be successfully used to substitute antibiotic growth promoters in broiler diets. However, not all of the organic acid mixtures gave the same effect either on performance or
Screening to Identify Patients at Risk: Profiles of Psychological Risk Factors for Early Intervention

There is a serious need to provide effective early interventions that prevent the development of persistent pain and disability. Identifying patients at risk for this development is an important step. Our aim was to explore whether distinct subgroups of individuals with similar response patterns on a screening questionnaire exist. Moreover, the objective was to then relate these groups to future outcomes, for example, sick leave as an impetus for developing tailored interventions that might better prevent chronic problems. A total of 363 patients seeking primary care for acute or subacute spinal pain completed the Örebro Musculoskeletal Pain Screening Questionnaire and were then followed to determine outcome. Cluster analysis was used to identify subgroups. Validity was tested using 3 methods including the split-half technique. The subgroups were compared prospectively on outcome measures obtained 1 year later. Using pain intensity, fear-avoidance beliefs, function, and mood, we found 4 distinct profiles: Fear-Avoidant, Distressed Fear-Avoidant, Low Risk, and Low Risk-Depressed Mood. These 4 subgroups were also robust in all 3 of the validity procedures. The 4 subgroups were clearly related to outcome. Although the low risk profiles had virtually no one developing long-term sick leave, the Fear-Avoidant profile had 35% and the Distressed Fear-Avoidant profile 62% developing long-term sick leave. Our results suggest that fear-avoidance and distress are important factors in the development of pain-related disability and may serve as a key for early identification. Providing interventions specific to the factors isolated in the profiles should enhance the prevention of persistent pain and disability.
The intriguing biology of the tumour necrosis factor/tumour necrosis factor receptor superfamily: players, rules and the games

The members of the tumour necrosis factor (TNF)/tumour necrosis factor receptor (TNFR) superfamily are critically involved in the maintenance of homeostasis of the immune system. The biological functions of this system encompass beneficial and protective effects in inflammation and host defence as well as a crucial role in organogenesis. At the same time, members of this superfamily are responsible for host damaging effects in sepsis, cachexia, and autoimmune diseases. This review summarizes recent progress in the immunbiology of the TNF/TNFR superfamily focusing on results obtained from animal studies using gene targeted mice. The different modes of signalling pathways affecting cell proliferation, survival, differentiation, apoptosis, and immune organ development as well as host defence are reviewed. Molecular and cellular mechanisms that demonstrate a therapeutic potential by targeting individual receptors or ligands for the treatment of chronic inflammatory or autoimmune diseases are discussed.
Novel inhibitors of the bacterial de novo purine biosynthesis enzymes, N5-carboxyaminoimidazole ribonucleotide synthetase and mutase

NOVEL INHIBITORS OF THE BACTERIAL DE NOVO PURINE BIOSYNTHESIS ENZYMES, N-CARBOXYAMINOIMIDAZOLE RIBONUCLEOTIDE SYNTHETASE AND MUTASE by MARIA V FAWAZ August 2012 Advisor: Dr. Steven M. Firestine Major: Pharmaceutical Sciences Degree: Master of Science Antibiotic resistance has seen a significant increase during the past decade. The increasing frequency of the drug-resistant bacterial infections has amplified the need for novel antimicrobial agents. De novo purine biosynthesis is one area that has great potential for antibacterial drug development because this pathway is different in microorganisms versus humans. The difference in the pathway is centered on the synthesis and utilization of the purine intermediate N-carboxy-5-aminoimidazole ribonucleotide (N-CAIR). Previous studies have shown that N-CAIR is a key intermediate in purine biosynthesis in bacteria, yeast and fungi, but not in humans. N- CAIR is synthesized from 5-aminoimidazole ribonucleotide (AIR) by the enzyme N- CAIR synthetase and it is utilized by N-CAIR mutase to produce the intermediate 4- carboxy-5-aminoimidazole ribonucleotide (CAIR). In our laboratory we explored both enzymes as potential targets for the design of novel de novo purine biosynthesis inhibitors. Previous studies suggested that the isatin-based inhibitors were promising low micromolar inhibitors of N-CAIR synthetase. Here, the biological verification of the isatin compounds as potential “hits” and their kinetic analysis are presented. The second