Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A Reinforcement Learning Approach to Optimize Energy Usage in RF-Charging Sensor Networks

We consider a Radio Frequency (RF)-charging network where sensor devices harvest energy from a solar-powered Hybrid Access Point (HAP) and transmit their data to the HAP. We aim to optimize the power allocation of both the HAP and devices to maximize their Energy Efficiency (EE), which is defined as the total received data (in bits) for each Joule of consumed energy. Unlike prior works, we consider the case where both the HAP and devices have causal knowledge of channel state information and their energy arrival process. We model the power allocation problem as a Two-layer Markov Decision Process (TMDP), where the first layer corresponds to the HAP and the second layer consists of devices. We then outline a novel, decentralized Q-Learning (QL) solution that employs linear function approximation to represent the large state space. The simulation results show that when the HAP and devices employ our solution, their EE is orders of magnitude higher than competing policies.
Theory of reversible diffusion‐influenced reactions

A unified theory of reversible diffusion‐influenced geminate and pseudo‐ first‐order reactions is developed. Explicit results are presented for the time dependence of the fraction of molecules that are dissociated at time t for a variety of initial conditions. To introduce the basic ideas of our approach, an elementary and rather complete treatment of the irreversible reaction between a pair of interacting, spherically symmetric particles is presented. The focus is on deriving relations among survival probabilities and bimolecular time‐dependent rate coefficients for the radiation and absorbing boundary conditions and the asymptotic behavior of these quantities. These relations are then generalized to reversible geminate reactions. For example, it is shown that the separation probability for an initially bound pair satisfies a simple convolution relation involving the survival probability of an irreversibly reacting geminate pair initially at contact. An analytic expression is obtained for this separation.
Research of algorithms for recognizing and determining the coordinates of apple fruits on the crown of a tree

This paper presents the results of a study of the Apple fruit recognition system on the crown of a tree based on the use of an artificial neural network (ANN). The article describes the process of conducting a multi-factor experiment to determine the relationship between the operating conditions of ANN: illumination, shooting distance, photo resolution, and determining their optimal parameters that allow obtaining the highest quality results. The obtained mathematical model reflects the relationship of such factors as illumination, distance to the object, shooting resolution and their influence on the reliability (accuracy) of object recognition in the photo. The optimal parameters of these factors are determined, at which the maximum value of recognition reliability of the desired objects is reached.
VARIOUS ASPECT OF MATERNAL MENTAL HEALTH ON THE BASIS OF MINI REVIEW

Mental health problems such as depression and anxiety are very common during pregnancy and after childbirth in all parts of the world. One in three to one in five women in developing countries, and about one in ten in developed countries, have a significant mental health problem during pregnancy and after childbirth. Social determinants are an important cause of mental health problems in pregnant women and mothers. Women, especially those living in developing countries are more exposed to risk factors, which increase their susceptibility to develop mental health problems. Some of these include poor socioeconomic status, less valued social roles and status, unintended pregnancy and gender-based violence (Prince M et al.,2007).
On the Structural Target Controllability of Undirected Networks

In this article, we study the target controllability problem of networked dynamical systems,in which we are tasked to steer a subset of network nodes toward a desired objective. More specifically, we derive necessary and sufficient conditions for the structural target controllability of linear time-invariant (LTI) systems with symmetric state matrices, such as those representing undirected dynamical networks with unknown link weights. To achieve our goal, we first characterize the generic rank of symmetrically structured matrices, as well as the modes of any numerical realization. Subsequently, we provide graph-theoretic necessary and sufficient conditions for the structural target controllability of undirected networks with multiple control nodes. In addition, we show that these results can be extended and lead to a necessary and sufficient condition of the structural output controllability. However, different from structural target controllability, we prove that verifying the proposed conditions on structural output controllability in undirected networks is NP-hard.
Is the right anterior superior temporal sulcus involved in speaker-identity recognition?: a study using transcranial direct current stimulation

Neuroimaging studies have revealed regions in the human brain that respond preferentially to human voices. These regions are mostly located along the superior temporal gyrus and sulcus (STG/S). It has been hypothesized that the right anterior STG/S is crucial for voice-identity recognition because the amplitudes of anterior STG/S neuroimaging responses correlate positively with voice-identity recognition performance. Here, my aim was to test this hypothesis by using non-invasive transcranial direct current stimulation (tdcs) in a randomized double-blind sham- controlled within-participants design. 24 neurotypical participants were familiarized with four unfamiliar speakers voices and were then tested on voice-identity and speech recognition. While performing the voice-identity and speech recognition test, participants received anodal, cathodal, and sham tdcs on three different days, respectively. As hypothesized, voice-identity recognition was improved when applying anodal tdcs to the right anterior STG/S as compared to cathodal and sham. However, this was only the case on day three. My results support the hypothesis that the right anterior STG/S is behaviourally relevant for identifying a speakers voice.
Re-Using Concrete Test Scenarios Generally Is a Bad Idea

Many approaches for testing automated and autonomous driving systems in dynamic traffic scenarios rely on the reuse of test cases, e.g., recording test scenarios during real test drives or creating “test catalogs. ” Both are widely used in industry and in literature. By counterexample, we show that the quality of test cases is system-dependent and that faulty system behavior may stay unrevealed during testing if test cases are naïvely re-used. We argue that, in general, system-specific “good” test cases need to be generated. Thus, recorded scenarios in general cannot simply be used for testing, and regression testing strategies needs to be rethought for automated and autonomous driving systems. The counterexample involves a system built according to state-of-the-art literature, which is tested in a traffic scenario using a high-fidelity physical simulation tool. Test scenarios are generated using standard techniques from the literature and state-of-the-art methodologies. By comparing the quality of test cases, we argue against a naïve re-use of test cases.
Controlling Domain Orientations in Thin Films of AB and ABA Block Copolymers

Domain orientations in thin films of lamellar copolymers are evaluated as a function of copolymer architecture, film thickness, and processing conditions. Two copolymer architectures are considered: An AB diblock of poly(styrene-b-methyl methacrylate) and an ABA triblock of poly(methyl methacrylate-b-styrene-b-methyl methacrylate). All films are cast on substrates that are energetically neutral with respect to the copolymer constituents. Film structures are evaluated with optical microscopy, atomic force microscopy, and grazing-incidence small-angle X-ray scattering. For AB diblock copolymers, the domain orientations are very sensitive to film thickness, annealing temperature, and imperfections in the “neutral” substrate coating: Diblock domains are oriented perpendicular to the substrate when annealing temperature is elevated (≥220 °C) and defects in the substrate coating are minimized; otherwise, parallel or mixed parallel/perpendicular domain orientations are detected for most film thicknesses. For ABA.
Electrochemical Preparation and Characterization of Surface-Fluorinated TiO2 Nanoporous Film and Its Enhanced Photoelectrochemical and Photocatalytic Properties

In recent years, surface fluorination of TiO2 has been demonstrated to be an efficient method for improving its photocatalytic (PC) reactivity toward some pollutants. In this paper, a new and simple method for surface fluorination and porosity-creating of TiO2 is presented. The sample was prepared by anodization of TiO2 in HF aqueous solutions formed by direct thermal oxidization of titanium sheet. The preparation conditions were optimized. The prepared samples were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Raman spectroscopy, UV–vis diffuse reflectance spectroscopy (DRS), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and photoluminescence (PL). The photoelectrochemical (PEC) and photocatalytic (PC) properties of the samples were also investigated. SEM and Raman showed that the anodization made the TiO2 nanoporous, which consequently increased markedly the specific surface area, but did not change the bulk crystal structure under a certain preparation condition. DRS analysis revealed that the light a.
Envelope Domain Formulation for the Analysis of the Nonlinear Transient Dynamics of Coupled Oscillators

A reduced-order envelope-domain formulation of coupled-oscillator systems based on realistic nonlinear models of the oscillator elements is presented for the first time to our knowledge. The formulation, based on numerical models of the transistor-based oscillators, enables an accurate prediction of the nonlinear dynamics of the coupled system, including the oscillation build-up, the locked and unlocked states, and the oscillator ON–OFF switching. To increase the applicability of the method, both admittance- and impedance-type models are extracted through harmonic balance simulations, under a voltage and current excitation, respectively, at the node/branch where the oscillator is connected to the coupled system. They are used to derive a nonlinear differential-equation system able to describe the transient dynamics of the entire structure. Because the oscillators are coupled through current injection, the impedance-based formulation is formally different from the admittance one, so it requires a dedicated derivation. For illustration, the method has been applied to exhaustively investigate the nonlinear dynamics of a system of three FET-based oscillators at 5 GHz. Very good agreement has been obtained with both circuit-level envelope transient (when applicable) and with measurements.
Determinação da glibenclamida por espectrofotometria derivada no ultravioleta para avaliação do teste ou perfil de dissolução de comprimidos

Glibenclamide (GLIB) or glyburide, a second-generation oral hypoglycemic drug, is used in the tablet form for the treatment of diabetes mellitus. Because of the low aqueous solubility of this sulfonylurea, a low drug release in the dissolution test may occur, hence, causing variabilility in the treatment. GLIB methanolic solution shows UV absorption maxima in l 210 nm, 227.5 nm and 300 nm. After released from tablets in the dissolution test, its spectrophotometric determination is difficult due to the low drug concentration in solution (5 mg GLIB tablets, medium volume 900 mL, 0.56 mg%). In addition, it presents a low absorption in the characteristic wavelength of l 300 nm. Up to date, there is no method recommendation for GLIB determination in tablet monographs in many of national or foreign official compendia. For this reason, the dissolution test performance lacks uniformity by official recommended procedures, to prove pharmaceutical equivalence to the reference drug, for generic candidates. GLIB spectrophotometric determination is investigated by first and second derivative orders (peaks at l 238 nm and 218 nm, respectively in 0.1 mol L-1 phosphate buffer solution) using reference and test tablets containing 5 mg of GLIB per unit dose.
Adaptace a vzdělávání pracovníků v prostředí výrobních podniků - nové trendy

Anotace: Příspěvek je výsledkem rešeršní činnosti v prvním ročníku studia doktorského studijního programu a jako takový představuje první dílčí podklad pro zpracování vlastní disertační práce. Zabývá se problematikou adaptace a vzdělávání zaměstnanců ve specifických podmínkách s využitím virtuální reality, přičemž především představuje případové studie se zdůrazněním nového využití virtuální reality pro zapracování, adaptaci, ukotvení a následný rozvoj zaměstnanců.
The crystal structure of ammonium hexaaquanickel(II) phosphate

The crystal structure of ammonium hexaaqua-nickel(II) phosphate [Ni(H 2 O) 6 ][NH 4 ][PO 4 ] was determined by single crystal X-ray methods. The compound crystallizes with orthorhombic symmetry in the space group Pmn2 1 with cell parameters of a = 692.40(14) pm, b = 610.40(12) pm, c=1116.6(2)pm, Z = 2. The cell contains two nickel(II) cations, octahedrally coordinated by six H 2 O molecules, two NH4 + cations and two phosphate anions, all connected by hydrogen bonds.
Iron Phosphine Catalyzed Cross-Coupling of Tetraorganoborates and Related Group 13 Nucleophiles with Alkyl Halides

Iron phosphine complexes prove to be good precatalysts for the cross-coupling of alkyl, benzyl, and allyl halides with not only aryl triorganoborate salts but also related aluminum-, gallium-, indium-, and thallium-based nucleophiles. Mechanistic studies revealed that while Fe(I) can be accessed on catalytically relevant time scales, lower average oxidation states are not formed fast enough to be relevant to catalysis. EPR spectroscopic studies reveal the presence of bis(diphosphine)iron(I) complexes in representative catalytic reactions and related processes with a range of group 13 nucleophiles. Isolated examples were studied by Mossbauer spectroscopy and single-crystal X-ray structural analysis, while the electronic structure was probed by dispersion-corrected B3LYP DFT calculations. An EPR study on an iron system with a bulky diphosphine ligand revealed the presence of an S = 1/2 species consistent with the formation of a mono(diphosphine)iron(I) species with inequivalent phosphine donor environments.
Effects of Annealing Parameters on Optical Properties of Thermochromic VO2 Films Prepared in Aqueous Solution

This work confirmed experimentally that the microstructure (grain boundaries, grain sizes, and size distributions) of VO2 films has significant effects on the features of the semiconductor−metal (S−M) transition. This feature enables us to wisely regulate the parameters of the phase transition, which is of great importance in achieving practical applications. Thermochromic VO2 films with various optical properties and phase transition parameters (for example: hysteresis widths ranging from 12 to 50 °C) have been synthesized on fused silica substrates via a simple solution process with inorganic precursors and polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP). The widths and slopes of the hysteresis loops (i.e., the temperature sensitivity of the transition) can be regulated by controlling grain sizes and grain boundary conditions, which are believed to dominate the generation of the elementary hysteresis loop of each grain and the propagation of the S−M transition, respectively. A film consisting of qusai-isolated small particl.
Impact of Employee Friendship for Productivity and Job Satisfaction

Background: Relentless rivalry among one another for advancement is a piece of the corporate culture today. The main objective of this research was to study how colleagues motivate each other while maintaining their friendship even while fighting each other for that one position while respecting the workplace they are in. This research doesn't just study an individual's growth but also the growth of the organization through their efforts. Methods: We tried to analyze the different results of having team bonding sessions and meetings by asking them certain questions in the survey. The study examines how workplace friendship, productivity, and job satisfaction are interrelated. The percentage was calculated according to the responses received.Conclusion:The research concludes that as the quality of the Atmosphere of the workplace is directly proportional to the productivity of the company.
Biological strategy to improve decomposition of organic matter in tilapia pond

Aim: The increment of decomposition of organic matter in sediment samples from Nile tilapia farms was evaluated with the introduction of Bacillus subtilis and B. licheniformis bacteria. Methods: Sediment samples placed in 18L plastic boxes received single dose inoculum with the following concentrations: 1.21 x 106 CFU g-1 (equivalent to 75 g ha-1), 2.41 x 106 CFU g-1 (equivalent to 150 g ha-1), 4.82 x 106 CFU g-1 (equivalent to 300 g ha-1) and 1.61 x 107 CFU g-1 (equivalent to 1000 g ha-1), in addition to a control treatment with saline solution only. Organic matter content, total organic carbon (TOC) and oxidizable (OOC), total nitrogen (TN), ratios (TOC: N and OOC: N), clay content, pH in water, Shoemaker, McLean, Pratt index (SMP Index), phosphorus (P), potassium (K), calcium (Ca) and magnesium (Mg) contents, potential acidity (H + Al), cation exchange capacity (CEC) at pH 7.0, base saturation (V) and sum of bases (S). Results: The values of OM showed significant difference, between the lowest values (treatments 75, 150 and 300 g ha-1) and the highest value, (control treatment). TOC, OOC, NT and their relationships (TOC: N and OOC: N) showed significant differences between the mean values of the control treatment and the other treatments. Conclusions: The addition of Bacillus subtilis and B. licheniformis bacteria increased the decomposition rate of organic matter in sediments samples from Nile tilapia farms.
Extraction of Aspect-Independent Parameters Using Spectrogram Method for Chipless Frequency-Coded RFID

In this paper, a novel method for the extraction of aspect-independent parameters (that are analogous to complex natural resonances) of chipless radio frequency (RF) identification (RFID) tags is presented. This method is based on short-time Fourier transform (STFT). The concept is proved by utilizing classical depolarizing tags. Owing to the proposed spectrogram approach, the reading success rate of chipless RFID tag is improved by accurate extraction of identification (ID) based on the extraction of quality factors. With single tag measurement (i.e., without empty measurement) in a practical environment, the performance of the proposed spectrogram method is characterized: 1) at various misalignments of the reader and the tag. 2) at various distances for the tag mounted on numerous objects. 3) at various displacements within 3D zone of reader interrogation. The proposed technique is computationally fast due to the inherent nature of fast Fourier transform (FFT) based STFT.
A new model of the global biogeochemical cycle of carbonyl sulfide – Part 2: Use of carbonyl sulfide to constrain gross primary productivity in current vegetation models

Abstract. Clear analogies between carbonyl sulfide (OCS) and carbon dioxide (CO2) diffusion pathways through leaves have been revealed by experimental studies, with plant uptake playing an important role for the atmospheric budget of both species. Here we use atmospheric OCS to evaluate the gross primary production (GPP) of three dynamic global vegetation models (Lund–Potsdam–Jena, LPJ; National Center for Atmospheric Research – Community Land Model 4, NCAR-CLM4; and Organising Carbon and Hydrology In Dynamic Ecosystems, ORCHIDEE). Vegetation uptake of OCS is modeled as a linear function of GPP and leaf relative uptake (LRU), the ratio of OCS to CO2 deposition velocities of plants. New parameterizations for the non-photosynthetic sinks (oxic soils, atmospheric oxidation) and biogenic sources (oceans and anoxic soils) of OCS are also provided. Despite new large oceanic emissions, global OCS budgets created with each vegetation model show exceeding sinks by several hundred Gg S yr−1. An inversion of the surface fluxes (optimization of a global scalar which accounts for flux uncertainties) led to balanced OCS global budgets, as atmospheric measurements suggest, mainly by drastic reduction (up to −50 %) in soil and vegetation uptakes. The amplitude of variations in atmospheric OCS mixing ratios is mainly dictated by the vegetation sink over the Northern Hemisphere. This allows for bias recognition in the GPP representations of the three selected models. The main bias patterns are (i) the terrestrial GPP of ORCHIDEE at high northern latitudes is currently overestimated, (ii) the seasonal variations of the GPP are out of phase in the NCAR-CLM4 model, showing a maximum carbon uptake too early in spring in the northernmost ecosystems, (iii) the overall amplitude of the seasonal variations of GPP in NCAR-CLM4 is too small, and (iv) for the LPJ model, the GPP is slightly out of phase for the northernmost ecosystems and the respiration fluxes might be too large in summer in the Northern Hemisphere. These results rely on the robustness of the OCS modeling framework and, in particular, the choice of the LRU values (assumed constant in time) and the parameterization of soil OCS uptake with small seasonal variations. Refined optimization with regional-scale and seasonally varying coefficients might help to test some of these hypothesis.
Series-Winding Topology Converter for Active Magnetic Bearing Drive

Active magnetic bearing is a key technology of high-speed rotational machine. As the power amplifier, the performance of power electronics converter is critical to the active magnetic bearing system. This article introduces the topology development progress of active magnetic bearing drive and describes a novel converter with series-winding topology. Compared with the traditional topology, the series-winding topology needs less switches, makes fully use of devices, and reduces the volume and cost of the controller. Compared with the conventional active magnetic bearing drive topology, the series-winding topology provides higher voltage utilization, ensuring better current control capability. The basic properties and control strategies of the series-winding topology are analyzed. The topology can also be expanded to a N-windings system. Experimental work verify the availability of the topology. On test rig, the magnetic bearing has been levitated with position error about 10% of the airgap length in the rotation speed up to 5400 r/min.