Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The role of biographies in determining recovery in Housing First

Abstract Housing First (HF) aims to overcome homelessness by offering immediate, independent accommodation in the community. In doing so, the model seeks to provide a foundation for client centred support that enables recovery from the ‘multiple and complex’ needs that multiply excluded homeless (MEH) adults experience. The majority of HF literature has focussed on the model’s very positive housing related outcomes. However, outcomes related to recovery and desistance have been less clear. This article draws on a qualitative, longitudinal evaluation of a HF service in a northern English city, following 18 MEH adults over 16 months in their HF tenancy. A situational approach was used to explore participants’ ability to utilize the foundation provided by HF achieve outcomes related to recovery and desistance. Findings demonstrated the importance of participants’ biographies in determining their ability to progress towards these outcomes. A key output of the article is a typology of participant’s biographies that was predictive of their trajectories in HF.
Impact Analysis of Seismic Events on Integrated Electricity and Natural Gas Systems

Seismic events can cause devastating impacts on both overground and underground energy system infrastructure. This paper proposes a methodology to evaluate the impact of seismic events on the security of integrated electricity and gas system, mainly focusing on pipelines leakage and connection loss of electricity transmission lines. A stochastic model is used to formulate the damage level based on earthquake severity. The seismic impact on the integrated system is classified according to the levels of pipe leak and electricity line failure. Load curtailment due to limited generation capacity and overloaded transmission lines is thereafter quantified. Seismic intensity is generated randomly based on Monte Carlo simulation so that a certain seismic intensity can be related to relevant load curtailment. An integrated energy system with a 30-busbar electricity system and a 6-node natural gas network is used to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method. The results clearly illustrate damage consequences under seismic events in terms of both probability and severity levels. This work can inform resilience enhancement scheme design based on the vulnerability performance and impact of both systems.
Future Chefs’ Beliefs on the Role of Nutrition, Diet, and Healthy Cooking Techniques in Culinary Arts Training for Foodservice: A Cross-Cultural and Gender Perspective

ABSTRACT This study examined the degree to which culinary students (n = 342) felt nutrition would be an important part of their professional lives using a pragmatic-contextualist approach. We examined differences in beliefs related to gender and diasporic perspectives. The majority felt that chefs should know more healthy cooking techniques and would consider a nutrition-focused job. Two-thirds felt nutrition would play a “very important” role in their future professions, particularly among females and international respondents. Only one-third felt that the restaurant industry viewed nutrition as important. Rethinking how foodservice training is delivered is essential given the renewed interest in international and culinary nutrition.
Incidence, Étiologie et Facteurs de Risque des Infections du Site Opératoire en Orthopédie-Traumatologie à Cotonou

RESUME Objectif. Le but de cette etude etait de determiner l’incidence de l’infection du site operatoire (ISO), d’identifier les facteurs de risque et de preciser les etiologies. Materiel et methodes. Nous avons realise une etude de cohorte prospective descriptive de 18 mois a la Clinique Universitaire de Traumatologie Orthopedie et de Chirurgie Reparatrice (CUTOCR) de Cotonou incluant les patients operes sur une periode consecutive de six mois. Le suivi postoperatoire a ete fait sur au moins un an. Les criteres d’infection etaient ceux du Center for Disease Control (CDC) d’Atlanta. Resultats. Parmi 154 patients inclus d’âge moyen de 38 ans (103 hommes et 51 femmes), le taux d’ISO etait de 22.1%. Parmi les ISO, 19 (55.9 %) etaient superficielles, 11 (32.4%) profondes et 4 (11.7%) d’organe. L’incidence de l’ISO etait de 9.3% pour la chirurgie programmee et 43.8% pour la chirurgie d’urgence. La categorie d’hospitalisation, la presence d’une infection preoperatoire, l’anemie, le score ASA eleve, le type de chirurgie, la duree de l’intervention prolongee, le score de NNIS ont ete les principaux facteurs de risque de ces infections. Les germes retrouves etaient par ordre de frequence le Staphylococcus Aureus, le Pseudomonas aeruginosa et l’acinetobacter baumannii. Conclusion. Notre taux d’ISO est eleve. L’infection est le plus souvent precoce, superficielle due a un staphylocoque sensible a la methicilline. L’accent doit etre mis sur la prevention en appliquant des mesures sur ces facteurs de risque identifies. ABSTRACT Objective. The aim of our study was to establish the incidence of infection in the surgical site (ISS), identify risk factors and define the etiologies. Materials and methods. We performed a prospective cohort study extending over eighteen (18) months at the University Clinic of trauma, orthopedics and surgery restorative (CUTOCR) of Cotonou. We recruited patients operated on a consecutive period of six months. Postoperative follow-up was done on at least one (1) year. The criteria for infection were those of the CDC in Atlanta. Results. We included 154 patients (103 men and 51 women). Their average age was 38 years. The overall incidence of ISS was 22.1%. Among the ISS, 19 (55.9%) were superficial, 11 (32.4%) deep and 4 (11.7%) of an organ. The incidence of ISS was 9.3% for scheduled surgery and 43.8% for emergency surgery. Category of hospitalization, preoperative infection (bone, skin or urinary), anemia, ASA high score, type of surgery, prolonged intervention, score of NNISS were the main risk factors of ISS. Causative germs were, in decreasing order of frequency, Staphylococcus Aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and acinetobacter baumannii. Conclusion. The rate of ISS is high in our practice. The infection is most often precocious, superficial and caused by a methicillin-sensitive staphylococcus. We should reinforce prevention measures targeting the risk factors that were identified.
Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) species and abundance exhibit different effects on saline-alkaline tolerance in Leymus chinensis

ABSTRACT Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) was considered as a biotechnological tool for plant stress tolerance improvement and degraded ecosystem restoration. However, the variations in the effects of AMF species and abundance on plant performance under stress condition have to be still investigated. The study was conducted to evaluate the mechanisms of five AMF species, single or mixture, on Leymus chinensis stress tolerance along a saline-alkaline gradient. The results showed that AMF enhanced plant stress tolerance by promoting plant growth, enhancing nutrient absorption, maintaining ion balance, and improving photosynthetic efficiency. Funneliformis mosseae, Rhizophagus intraradices and the mixture treatments had more beneficial effects than Diversispora versiformis and Acaulospora scrobiculata inoculations. Plant grown under high stress level exhibited more benefits from AMF symbiosis. Our study suggests that not only presence of AMF, but also the species and abundance should be considered to reveal the exact effects of AMF on plant saline-alkaline tolerance and degraded grassland restoration.
Quality of chicken patties as influenced by microwave and conventional oven cooking

Chicken patties were prepared with addition of different levels of chicken fat as well as other ingredients and subjected to hot air and microwave oven cooking. The product yield, gain in height, pH, fat and protein content differed significantly (p <0.05). However, the shear force values, shrinkage in diameter, moisture and certain sensory attributes were not influenced by the cooking methods. Acceptability was better in hot air oven cooked than microwave oven cooked patties, the former having a significantly (p < 0.05) higher overall acceptability score.
Direct inference of the distribution of fitness effects of spontaneous mutations in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii

Spontaneous mutations are the source of new genetic variation and are thus central to the evolutionary process. In molecular evolution and quantitative genetics, the nature of genetic variation depends critically on the distribution of fitness effects (DFE) of mutations. Spontaneous mutation accumulation (MA) experiments have been the principal approach for investigating the overall rate of occurrence and cumulative effect of mutations, but have not allowed the effects of individual mutations to be studied directly. Here, we crossed MA lines of the green alga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii with its unmutated ancestral strain to create haploid recombinant lines, each carrying an average of 50% of the accumulated mutations in a variety of combinations. With the aid of the genome sequences of the MA lines, we inferred the genotypes of the mutations, assayed their growth rate as a measure of fitness, and inferred the DFE using a novel Bayesian mixture model that allows the effects of individual mutations to be estimated. We infer that the DFE is highly leptokurtic (L-shaped), and that a high proportion of mutations increase fitness in the laboratory environment. The inferred distribution of effects for deleterious mutations is consistent with a strong role for nearly neutral evolution. Specifically, such a distribution predicts that nucleotide variation and genetic variation for quantitative traits will be insensitive to change in the effective population size.
The Genomic Selfing Syndrome Accompanies the Evolutionary Breakdown of Heterostyly

Abstract The evolutionary transition from outcrossing to selfing can have important genomic consequences. Decreased effective population size and the reduced efficacy of selection are predicted to play an important role in the molecular evolution of the genomes of selfing species. We investigated evidence for molecular signatures of the genomic selfing syndrome using 66 species of Primula including distylous (outcrossing) and derived homostylous (selfing) taxa. We complemented our comparative analysis with a microevolutionary study of P. chungensis, which is polymorphic for mating system and consists of both distylous and homostylous populations. We generated chloroplast and nuclear genomic data sets for distylous, homostylous, and distylous–homostylous species and identified patterns of nonsynonymous to synonymous divergence (dN/dS) and polymorphism (πN/πS) in species or lineages with contrasting mating systems. Our analysis of coding sequence divergence and polymorphism detected strongly reduced genetic diversity and heterozygosity, decreased efficacy of purifying selection, purging of large-effect deleterious mutations, and lower rates of adaptive evolution in samples from homostylous compared with distylous populations, consistent with theoretical expectations of the genomic selfing syndrome. Our results demonstrate that self-fertilization is a major driver of molecular evolutionary processes with genomic signatures of selfing evident in both old and relatively young homostylous populations.
Sex-specific population dynamics and demography of capercaillie (Tetrao urogallus L.) in a patchy environment

Modeling the population dynamics of patchily distributed species is a challenge, particularly when inference must be based on incomplete and small data sets such as those from most species of conservation concern. Open population spatial capture-recapture (SCR) models are ideally suited to quantify population trends, but have seen only limited use since their introduction. To investigate population trend and sex-specific population dynamics, we applied an open SCR model to a capercaillie (Tetrao urogallus) population in Switzerland living in eight distinct forest patches totalling 22 km2 within a region of 908 km2. The population was surveyed using genetic sampling of scat in 2009, 2012 and 2015. We fit an open SCR model with sex-specific detection and population dynamics parameters while accounting for the patchy distribution of habitat and the uncertainty introduced by observing the population in three years only. Between 2009 and 2015, a total of 143 males, 112 females and 4 individuals of uncertain sex were detected. The annual per capita recruitment rate was estimated at 0.115 (SE 0.0144) for males and 0.127 (0.0168) for females. The estimated annual survival probability for males was 0.758 (0.0241) and 0.707 (0.0356) for females. The population trajectory implied by these survival and recruitment estimates was a decline of 2% per year; however, the sex specificity of the model revealed a decline in the male population only, with no evidence of decline in the female population. Further, the population decline observed in males was explained by the demography of just two of the eight patches. Using a customized open population SCR model, we determined that the endangered capercaillie in our Swiss study area had a stable female population and a declining male population, with the male decline due to population dynamics in a subset of the study area. Our study highlights the flexibility of open population SCR models for assessing population trajectories through time and across space and emphasizes the desirability of estimating sex-stratified population trends especially in species of conservation concern.
Élaboration d'ensimages thermoplastiques thermostables : influence sur le comportement mécanique des composites PEEK / fibres de carbone

Ce travail presente l'elaboration de nouveaux ensimages de fibres de carbone compatibles avec des matrices polymeres thermoplastiques thermostables, telles que le PEEK, dont la temperature de mise en œuvre est superieure a 300°C. Premierement, deux solutions ont ete envisagees, une a base d'oligomeres de PolyEtherKetoneKetone (PEKK) synthetises, et l'autre a base de PolyEtherImide (PEI). Ces deux composes etant solides, un travail de formulation a ete necessaire afin d'obtenir des dispersions aqueuses stables ideales pour un ensimage industriel. Dans une deuxieme partie, des composites modeles PEEK/FC ont ete elaborees avec des fibres ensimees et non ensimees. Dans la derniere partie, l'influence de l'ensimage sur les proprietes mecaniques des composites a ete mise en evidence par microscopie electronique a balayage et par une analyse mecanique dynamique en cisaillement avant et apres immersion dans le kerosene. L'etude comparative des resultats obtenus met en evidence que l'ensimage tend non seulement a ameliorer le transfert de contrainte entre la fibre et la matrice mais permet aussi d'eviter des infiltrations de solvant le long de la fibre.
Hand Gestures for Hearing Impaired and Inarticulate People using CNN

Gesture languages are an extremely important communication tool for many dumb and hard-of-hearing people. Sign languages are the native languages of the Deaf and Dumb community and provide full access to communication. Thanks to hearing ability we are able to perceive thoughts of every different. However, what if one fully cannot hear something and eventually cannot speak. So, the Gesture Language is that the main human action tool for hearing impaired and mute folks, associate degreed additionally to make sure a freelance life for them, the automated interpretation of linguistic communication is an in-depth analysis space. With the utilization of image process and artificial intelligence, several techniques and algorithms have been developed during this space. Each linguistic communication recognition system is trained for recognizing the gestures/signs and changing them into needed pattern. The projected system aims to produce speech to unarticulated, during this paper the double two-handed Indian linguistic communication is captured as a series of pictures and it's processed with the assistance of Python so it can produce speech and text as output.
Back to basics

The English major programme and related academic disciplines in Chinese universities are apparently experiencing growing pains as documented in the article entitled ‘The English Major Crisis in China’ published in this journal (Chen, 2019). In the article, Chen analysed the controversies surrounding the English major programme in Chinese universities and presented a somewhat gloomy prospect for the English major programme as an undergraduate subject in Chinese universities. Yet we found that the disheartening picture of the English major programme as portrayed by the article is open to question. We are also concerned that the article may misguide readers and negate the efforts that educators have undertaken to refine the English major programme in Chinese universities. For this reason, we would like to respond to the article with a different view, which has been made possible by our concerted efforts to bring the English major programme back to its basics over the last few years. We argue that the English major programme will play a critical role in promoting humanistic education in Chinese universities.
Analyzing open government policy adoption through the multiple streams framework: The roles of policy entrepreneurs in the case of Madrid

Open government is expected to promote important changes related to transparency, participation, and collaboration in the public sector. This article analyzes the open government policy-making process in Madrid. In order to explain the adoption process of open government as a public policy, this study uses the “multiple streams framework,” originally developed by Kingdon and recently elaborated on by Zahariadis and Herweg et al. Our empirical data, based on semi-structured interviews and qualitative and quantitative analysis provide evidence about the adoption of open government policy in the city of Madrid and help to illustrate some of the multiple roles that policy entrepreneurs play in the policy adoption process. Overall, this article offers insights on how and why open government is adopted into the public agenda of local governments. Also, this article highlights the importance of analyzing the roles of “policy entrepreneurs” and the duality of transparency and citizen participation in open government policies.
STUDY OF THE VIABILITY OF POLLEN GRAINS OF ELEVEN VARIETIES OF TOMATOES (Solanum lycopersicum L.) CULTIVATED IN KISANGANI (DR Congo)

As regards the study of in vitro pollinic fertility, the best conditions for germination and elongation of the pollinic tube are obtained at 20 g/l sucrose, 0.62 g/l of boracic. On the whole, foreign varieties (Carotina, Marmande, Makis, Opal, Roma) have a weak indicator of viability as compared to local varieties. Fertility of different flowers analyzed according to their position on the plant, is generally decreasing from bottom to top. These results could explain some cases of failure of fertilization when crossing-over different varieties of tomatoes. The results also show the importance of choice of the flower used when sampling pollen grains.
Dissection of acute stimulus-inducible nucleosome remodeling in mammalian cells

Accessibility of the genomic regulatory information is largely controlled by the nucleosome-organizing activity of transcription factors (TFs). Whereas stimulus-induced TFs bind to genomic regions that are maintained accessible by lineage-determining TFs, they also increase accessibility of thousands of cis-regulatory elements. Nucleosome remodeling events underlying such changes and their interplay with basal positioning are unknown. Here, we devised a novel quantitative framework discriminating different types of nucleosome remodeling events in micrococcal nuclease ChIP-seq datasets and used it to analyze nucleosome dynamics at stimulus-regulated cis-regulatory elements. At enhancers, remodeling preferentially affected poorly positioned nucleosomes while sparing well-positioned nucleosomes flanking the enhancer core, indicating that inducible TFs do not suffice to overrule basal nucleosomal organization maintained by lineage-determining TFs. Remodeling events appeared to be combinatorially driven by multiple TFs, with distinct TFs showing however different remodeling efficiencies. Overall, these data provide a systematic view of the impact of stimulation on nucleosome organization and genome accessibility in mammalian cells.
GridAttackSim: A Cyber Attack Simulation Framework for Smart Grids

The smart grid system is one of the key infrastructures required to sustain our future society. It is a complex system that comprises two independent parts: power grids and communication networks. There have been several cyber attacks on smart grid systems in recent years that have caused significant consequences. Therefore, cybersecurity training specific to the smart grid system is essential in order to handle these security issues adequately. Unfortunately, concepts related to automation, ICT, smart grids, and other physical sectors are typically not covered by conventional training and education methods. These cybersecurity experiences can be achieved by conducting training using a smart grid co-simulation, which is the integration of at least two simulation models. However, there has been little effort to research attack simulation tools for smart grids. In this research, we first review the existing research in the field, and then propose a smart grid attack co-simulation framework called GridAttackSim based on the combination of GridLAB-D, ns-3, and FNCS. The proposed architecture allows us to simulate smart grid infrastructure features with various cybersecurity attacks and then visualize their consequences automatically. Furthermore, the simulator not only features a set of built-in attack profiles but also enables scientists and electric utilities interested in improving smart grid security to design new ones. Case studies were conducted to validate the key functionalities of the proposed framework. The simulation results are supported by relevant works in the field, and the system can potentially be deployed for cybersecurity training and research.
Does the ESG Index Affect Stock Return? Evidence from the Eurostoxx50

Recent findings provide evidence that companies highly rated in terms of Environmental, Social, and Governance (ESG) score report higher excess returns and lower volatility, this being supported by the assumption that ESG factors are considered, by market agents, as a good proxy for firms’ financial soundness. The aim of this paper is to investigate how ESG components affect stock returns. We use a two-step methodology to analyze the performance of companies included in the Eurostoxx50 index over the 2010–2018 period according to their ESG score. To classify companies in terms of ESG commitments, we combine several ESG indicators (quantitative ratings, scorings and qualitative-opinions) collected on a monthly basis. Our results do not support previous evidence; the Eurostoxx50 companies’ performance does not seem to be affected by their efforts in terms of ESG commitments.
“Bingo!” Do we have a winner?

This design case details my efforts as an instructor to combat the fact that my students were not completing assigned readings. The first step in addressing the issue was recognizing that my students had legitimate reasons for neglecting the assignments and that this was not a situation of me against them. The design solution was based upon the Buzzword Bingo game, a game designed to mock the catchphrases so common in the world of business, and some of the subversive nature of the gamecarried over into the classroom. This lead to students trying to game the system, resulting in tension for me, the instructor, who had to remember that he welcomed these challenges to his authority into the classroom. The increased engagement— which I wanted—required me to become comfortable with the reduced level of control.