Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A Matching Multivalent Vaccine Candidate Combining Velogenic NDV Genotype VII and Variant IBV Protects Chicken from Virulent Challenge and Eliminates Virus Shedding

| Vaccination is the main preventive measure against infectious bronchitis virus (IBV) and Newcastle Disease virus (NDV) infections. Vaccination can partially protect against IBV because of the continuous emergence of variant strains. The aim of the current study is to evaluate the efficacy of multivalent inactivated vaccine candidate combining two IBV lineages (M41; GI-lineage) and (VarII; GI-23 lineage) along with NDV (genotype VII) using Montanide ISA-71 oil adjuvant against circulating variant IBV and velogenic NDV field strains. Our results revealed that the prepared vaccine candidate was sterile, safe, and potent due to its ability to stimulate the production of specific antibodies against IBV and NDV starting from 1-week post vaccination (WPV). The maximum levels of specific IBV ELISA antibody titers (2926) were observed at the sixth week post vaccination. HI antibodies against IBV reached its peak 5th WPV (9.2 log2) while HI antibodies against NDV reached its peak 4 WPV (9.5 log2). Vaccinated chickens showed 100% protection against challenge with virulent NDV, and variant IBV with complete absence of clinical signs and postmortem lesions compared to challenged non vaccinated groups. Our results revealed that the prepared vaccine candidate in this study is able to elicit good immune response, eliminate viral shedding, and provide complete protection against virulent challenge. Meanwhile, it is better to control both IBV and NDV outbreaks in a single shot consequently that will save time, effort and reduce stress during chicken vaccination.
Adaptive Sliding-Mode-Based Speed Control in Finite Control Set Model Predictive Torque Control for Induction Motors

The conventional model predictive torque control (MPTC) for induction motor drives evaluates the electromagnetic torque and stator flux linkage in the cost function. However, in the speed outer loop design, the torque reference in the cost function generally utilizes a classic proportional-integral (PI) controller, which is not only dependent on motor parameters but also sensitive to the change of the load torque. In this article, an adaptive sliding-mode-control-based MPTC (ASMC-MPTC) method is proposed to improve the robustness of the finite control set model predictive control (FCS-MPC). First, the influence of the mismatched parameters for FCS-MPTC is introduced and the shortcoming of the PI-based MPTC (PI-MPTC) is analyzed. Then, a sliding-mode-control-based MPTC (SMC-MPTC) is studied, in which the exponential reaching law is introduced to control the trajectories of the state variables. To further improve the control performance of SMC-MPTC, the exponential reaching law is optimized to adjust the switching gain adaptively, thus the ASMC-MPTC is proposed. The PI-MPTC, SMC-MPTC, and ASMC-MPTC are compared theoretically and experimentally, and the results show that the proposed ASMC-MPTC has the best disturbance rejection ability and robustness against motor parameters variation and load torque change.
Adaptive Supply Chain Management under Severe Supply Chain Disruption: Evidence from Indonesia

The recent Covid-19 outbreak has caused severe disruption of the global supply chain, which tests firms’ ability to survive and build resilience. The concept of adaptive supply chain management (A-SCM) has never been tested against a severe supply chain disruption, such as a pandemic. Purpose: The aim of this study is to examine how firms in Indonesia develop resilience through the implementation of components of adaptive supply chain management, namely risk management, resource reconfiguration and supply chain flexibility, in order to survive severe supply chain disruption. Research design, data and methodology: A qualitative method and PLS-SEM were used to analyze 120 data collected from Indonesian manufacturing firms in various industries. Results: The findings show that risk management, resource reconfiguration, and supply chain flexibility are important components that make up A-SCM. However, only risk management contributes to help build firm resilience in the presence of severe supply chain disruption. Conclusions: The components of A-SCM have been empirically tested. The implication is that managers should carefully use RM to prepare firms for different scenarios to develop contingency strategies. This research contributes to the supply chain management body of knowledge in the context of pandemic-level disruption and broadens the dynamic capabilities perspective.
On the Use of Permutation Tests in the Significance Testing of Response Surface Function Parameters

Objective: The methods of experimental design were first used in agricultural experiments performed by R. A. Fisher. The development of experimental design methods took place along with their effective use in production companies. The most frequently used designs of experiments are the factorial designs. One of the stages in the factorial design of experiments is the estimation of the response surface function formula which describes the influence of factors on the response variable values. The aim of this article is to propose a method to indicate the factors which have a significant influence on the response variable. Research Design & Methods: In this case, in the classical approach, the t-test of the significance of particular parameters of the response surface function is used. The t-test requires fulfilment of the assumptions about the distribution and independence of the model errors. If the assumptions are not fulfilled, or the sample size is not sufficient, the use of the t-test is unjustified. An alternative approach to verify the significance of response surface parameters is a permutation test. Permutation tests use simulation methods and do not entail the fulfilment of strict assumptions relating to the distribution of errors and the sample size of experimental data. Findings: The paper deals with the use of a permutation test that allows us to assess the significance of response surface function parameters when the quantity of experimental data is small. These results were obtained using parametric tests and permutation tests. Implications/Recommendations: Based on the performed calculations, it was found that it is possible to use permutation tests to analyse the response surface function, Małgorzata Złotoś, University of Economics in Katowice, Department of Statistics, Econometrics and Mathematics, 1 Maja 50, 40-287 Katowice, Poland, e-mail: malgorzata.zlotos@ue.katowice. pl, ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8680-4848. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 License (CC BY-NC-ND 4.0); https://creativecommons.org/ licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/. Małgorzata Złotoś 22 especially when the assumptions about the residuals of the model are not fulfilled or the number of considered experimental trials is small. Contribution: A proper analysis of the response surface function is an important stage in the design of experiments. In the case of a small quantity of experimental data, assessment of the significance of the model and the parameters of the response surface function using parametric tests may lead to incorrect conclusions. Therefore, the use of permutation tests was indicated as an alternative approach in the analysis of the response surface function.
4-by-4 Integrated Waveguide Coupler Based on Bi-Directional Propagation in Two Single-Mode Waveguides

We propose and investigate theoretically the use of bi-directional propagation of light in silica integrated coupled waveguide structures for linear optical processing of fiber-coupled photons. We show that the class of linear operations that can be implemented in such a system is given by symmetric and unitary matrices. We present how an arbitrary <inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">$4\times 4$</tex-math></inline-formula> coupler of this form can be realized by a linear sequence of more fundamental <inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">$2\times 2$</tex-math></inline-formula> couplers and single-waveguide phase shifters and discuss in detail the implementation in a silica integrated platform utilizing direct UV-written waveguides and long- and short-period grating couplers with tilted gratings for optimized coupling efficiency.
Prediction of the Absolute Charge Mobility of Molecular Semiconductors: the Case of Rubrene

The absolute value of the hole mobility, computed for the case of rubrene without adjustable parameters (see figure), is in excellent agreement with experiments. The diffusion of the hole is limited by thermal fluctuations of the intermolecular coupling. The system parameters are computed using a combination of classical molecular-dynamics simulations and quantum chemical methods. The effect of intramolecular reorganization energy is included in the model.
IMPROVEMENT OF RETENTIVITY IN TiOx/HfOx BILAYER STRUCTURE FOR LOW POWER RESISTIVE SWITCHING MEMORY APPLICATIONS

This paper reports the bipolar resistive switching (BRS) characteristics in Al/Ti/TiOx/HfOx/Pt heterostructure during a DC sweep cycle with current compliance (CC) of 250 μA. The improvement in the switching performance in a CMOS compatible Al/Ti/TiOx/HfOx/Pt memory cell has been observed. The improvement is due to oxygen-rich HfOx layer insertion in simple metal-insulator-metal (MIM) sandwich structure. Analysis of current–voltage (I–V) characteristics revealed the trap-controlled space charge limited current (TC-SCLC) conduction mechanism is the most suitable mechanism signifying the dominant current conduction in all the bias regions and resistance states. Furthermore, this bilayer memory stack exhibits a tight distribution of switching parameters, good switching endurance up to 105 cycles, and good data retention of > 104 s at 85°C.
Evaluating Additional Aspects of Muscle Function with a Digital Handgrip Dynamometer and Accelerometer for Cognitive Functioning in Older Adults: A Pilot Study

Handgrip dynamometers are used to assess handgrip strength (HGS), and low HGS is linked to poor cognitive function. Although HGS is a reliable measure of muscle function, it is only measuring maximal grip force. Other aspects of muscle function such as force control, fatigability, and steadiness are unaccounted for in current HGS protocols. This pilot study sought to determine the role of maximal HGS, submaximal HGS force control, HGS fatigability, and HGS neuromuscular steadiness on cognitive function in older adults. Our findings indicate that these additional HGS measurements could factor into detecting poorer cognitive functioning, while also evolving HGS protocols.
Preparation and characterization of hyaluronan/chitosan scaffold cross‐ linked by 1‐ethyl‐3‐(3‐dimethylaminopropyl) carbodiimide

A novel biocompatible scaffold was prepared by cross-linking hyaluronan (HA) and chitosan (CS). The carboxyl groups of HA were activated by 1-ethyl-3-(3-dimethylaminopropyl)carbodiimide (EDC) and then cross-linked with amino groups of CS by forming amide bonds. The HA/CS scaffold thus prepared was characterized using Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and differential scanning calorimetry. FTIR spectra showed that the absorbance of the amide (1550 cm−1) and carbonyl (1633 cm−1) bond in the cross-linked scaffold was stronger than that in HA or CS. SEM micrographs showed that the cross-linked scaffold produced at low EDC concentration had an intertwisted ribbon-like microstructure, while the product prepared at higher EDC concentration had a porous structure. The concentration of EDC in the reaction system greatly affected the structure and properties of the HA/CS scaffold. The prepared scaffold could strongly resist degradation by hyaluronidase, free radicals in vitro and stress. Copyright © 2007 Society of Chemical Industry
Why Recover Phosphorus for Recycling, and How?

The removal of phosphorus from municipal waste waters prior to their discharge into the receiving waters is practised widely and a number of effective and reliable techniques can be employed. In almost all of these, the phosphorus is removed from the aqueous phase into the sludge phase (either as a precipitated metal salt or as a component of the sludge biomass) along with other solids. There are, however, a growing number of techniques, some at a laboratory stage, a few in full scale operation where the phosphorus is removed in the form of a simple inorganic phosphate salt which may have utility for recycling in industrial applications. The potential for recovery and recycling of phosphorus is reviewed from both a historical and a modern industrial perspective.
Preparation of block copolymer vesicles in solution

Block copolymer vesicles can be prepared in solution from a variety of different amphiphilic systems. Polystyrene-block-poly(acrylic acid), polystyrene-block-poly(ethylene oxide), and many other block copolymer systems can produce vesicles of a wide range of sizes; those in the range of 100–1000 nm have been explored extensively. Different factors, such as the absolute and relative block lengths, the presence of additives (ions, homopolymers, and surfactants), the water content in the solvent mixture, the nature and composition of the solvent, the temperature, and the polydispersity of the hydrophilic block, provide control over the types of vesicles produced. Their high stability, resistance to many external stimuli, and ability to package both hydrophilic and hydrophobic compounds make them excellent candidates for use in the medical, pharmaceutical, and environmental fields. © 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part B: Polym Phys 42: 923–938, 2004
Energy-Latency Tradeoff for Dynamic Computation Offloading in Vehicular Fog Computing

Vehicular Fog Computing (VFC) provides solutions to relieves overload cloudlet nodes, reduces service latency during peak times, and saves energy for battery-powered cloudlet nodes by offloading user tasks to a vehicle (vehicular node) by exploiting the under-utilized computation resources of nearby vehicular node. However, the wide deployment of VFC still confronts several critical challenges: lack of energy-latency tradeoff and efficient resource allocation mechanisms. In this paper, we address the challenges and provide an Energy-efficient dynamic Computation Offloading and resources allocation Scheme (ECOS) to minimize energy consumption and service latency. We first formulate the ECOS problem as a joint energy and latency cost minimization problem while satisfying vehicular node mobility and end-to-end latency deadline constraints. We then propose an ECOS scheme with three phases. In the first phase, we propose an overload cloudlet node detection policy based on resource utilization. In the second phase, we propose a computational offloading selection policy to select a task from an overloaded cloudlet node for offloading, which minimizes offloading cost and the risk of overload. Next, we propose a heuristic approach to solve the resource allocation problem between the vehicular node and selected user tasks for energy-latency tradeoff. Extensive simulations have been conducted under realistic highway and synthetic scenarios to examine the ECOS scheme's performance. In comparison, our proposed scheme outperforms the existing schemes in terms of energy-saving, service latency, and joint energy-latency cost.
Soil Air Permeability and Carbon Dioxide Flux Measurements from the Soil Surface

Abstract Air permeability has been recognized as an index of soil structure and used in attempts to characterize soil pore geometry. The importance of increased carbon dioxide in soil to agriculture comes from the direct effects of carbon dioxide (CO2) on root respiration of agricultural crops. In this study, the soil air permeability and CO2 flux values were obtained using two different apparatuses built and designed to measure air permeability and CO2 flux. Air permeability was obtained in clay soil using two different aggregate sizes. The average values obtained were 9.55×10−8 and 1.78×10−7 cm2 for the <2-mm and 2- to 5-mm fractions, respectively. Carbon dioxide flux from the soil surface of no‐till and bare plots under winter conditions was measured using another apparatus. The average CO2 flux for the no‐till plot was 2.88 g/m2‐day and for the bare plot was 1.31 g/m2‐day. These values were within the range of values obtained from other studies.
Place-based film for growing community engagement in local marine conservation

Awareness, knowledge and community identity can grow from local narratives about conservation and enhance our capacity for environmental stewardship. New media narrative approaches are also seeking to improve the terms of community engagement across a spectrum of stakeholders. For instance, film is increasingly being used by scientists and policymakers to situate science stories within a community in order to increase local ownership and enhance engagement, be it through active participation in conservation or to support/social license. Here, the use of placebased documentary film as a tool to affect these outcomes is explored in a community adjacent to a controversial marine reserve, and we focus in particular on the effect of film on local youth.
DETERMINATION OF ATMOSPHERIC ORGANIC AND ELEMENTAL CARBON PARTICLE IN ROME WITH A THERMAL METHOD

A thermal method is described to separate and determine the elemental carbon which has essentially primary origin, and the organic carbon which has both primary and secondary origin, in the atmospheric particulate of Rome during the period May 1999–February 2000. The temporal trends of particulate matter, total carbon, elemental carbon and organic carbon have been interpreted using the measurements of the concentrations of natural radioactivity as tracer of the dynamic properties of the atmospheric boundary layer. The good correlation between organic carbon and elemental carbon have confirmed that the traffic is the most intensive emission source in the urban area of Rome.
Tutorial: Design of High-Speed Nano-Scale CMOS Mixed-Voltage Digital I/O Buffer With High Reliability to PVTL Variations

Ever since the reliability issues caused by I/O (input/output) compatibility among chips fabricated using different processes were raised during mid-2000, on-silicon mixed-voltage I/O buffer with wide voltage tolerance has been considered a better solution than using signal level converters to shrink PCB size, number of discretes, and power consumption. However, various external voltages on I/O pad result in body effect, leakage, hot-carrier degradation, and gate-oxide overstress in stacked transistors of mixed-voltage I/O. What even worse is that slew rate (SR) was also found deteriorated by PVT (Process, Voltage, Temperature) variations. A complete mixed-voltage I/O buffer design flow using nano-scale CMOS processes will be introduced in this tutorial based on previously developed buffers. Besides circuit design methodology, the reliability design consideration for the buffers, including ESD, PVT detection, and slew rate auto-adjustment will be discussed as well.
A new anomalous text detection approach using unsupervised methods

Increasing size of text data in databases requires appropriate classiﬁcation and analysis in order to acquire knowledge and improve the quality of decision-making in organizations. The process of discovering the hidden patterns in the data set, called data mining, requires access to quality data in order to receive a valid response from the system. Detecting and removing anomalous data is one of the pre-processing steps and cleaning data in this process. Methods for anomalous data detection are generally classiﬁed into three groups including supervised, semi-supervised, and unsupervised. This research tried to oﬀer an unsupervised approach for spotting the anomalous data in text collections. In the proposed method, a combination of two approaches (i.e., clustering-based and distance-based) is used for detecting anomaly in the text data. In order to evaluate the eﬃciency of the proposed approach, this method is applied on four labeled data sets. The accuracy of Na¨ive Bayes classiﬁcation algorithms and decision tree are compared before and after removal of anomalous data with the proposed method and some other methods such as Density-based spatial clustering of applications with noise (DBSCAN). Our proposed method shows that accuracy of more than 92.39% can be achieved. In general, the results revealed that in most cases the proposed method has a good performance.
Cooperative Localization With Constraint Satisfaction Problem in 5G Vehicular Networks

5G new radio will provide a new paradigm in high accurate vehicle localization, reinforced by the use of large antenna arrays along with carefully designed broadband radio technology. However, a high computational load still remains unravelled in the context of cooperative localization, albeit with its advantages of high-precision localization. To alleviate such the computational burden, we develop a reliable technique of cooperative localization, addressed as a constraint satisfaction problem. A constraint satisfaction formalism for cooperative localization readily enables to recast a formulation of the decentralized optimization. Its efficient solution of the optimization is developed in a distributed manner. Simulation results demonstrate that the proposed approach saves the requested computational loads significantly while sustaining the satisfactory accuracy of cooperative localization.
Factory Calibration Fingerprinting of Sensors

Device fingerprinting aims to generate a distinctive signature, or fingerprint, that uniquely identifies individual computing devices. Fingerprints may be a privacy concern since apps and websites can use them to track user activity online. To protect user privacy, both Android and iOS have included a variety of measures to prevent such tracking. In this paper we present a new type of fingerprinting, factory calibration fingerprinting, that bypasses existing tracking protection. Our attack recovers embedded per-device factory calibration data from the accelerometer, gyroscope, and magnetometer sensors that are pervasive in modern smartphones by careful analysis of the sensor output alone. We discuss the factory calibration behaviour of each sensor and show that the calibration fingerprint is fast to generate, does not change over time or after a factory reset, and can be used to track users across apps and websites without any special permission from the user. We find the calibration fingerprint is very likely to be globally unique for iOS devices, with an estimated 67 bits of entropy for the iPhone 6S. In addition, we have analysed 146 Android device models from 11 vendors and found the attack also works on recent Google Pixel devices. For Pixel 4/4 XL, we estimate the calibration fingerprint provides about 57 bits of entropy. Following our disclosures, Apple deployed a mitigation in iOS 12.2 and Google in Android 11. We analyse Apple’s fix and show that the mitigation is imperfect although it is likely to be sufficient in most threat models.