Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Chronic repeated predatory stress induces resistance to quinine adulteration of ethanol in male mice

Background Trauma related psychiatric disorders, such as posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), and alcohol use disorder (AUD) are highly comorbid illnesses that separately present an opposing, sex-specific pattern, with increased prevalence of PTSD in females and increased prevalence of AUD diagnoses in males. Likewise, PTSD is a risk factor in the development of AUD, with conflicting data on the impact of sex in the comorbid development of both disorders. Because the likelihood of experiencing more than one traumatic event is high, we aim to utilize chronic repeated predatory stress (CRPS) to query the extent to which sex interacts with CRPS to influence alcohol consumption, or cessation of consumption. Methods Male (n=16) and female (n=15) C57BL/6J mice underwent CRPS or daily handling for two weeks during adolescence (P35-P49) and two weeks during adulthood (P65-P79). Following the conclusion of two rounds of repeated stress, behavior was assessed in the open field. Mice subsequently underwent a two-bottle choice intermittent ethanol access (IEA) assessment (P90-131) with the options of 20% ethanol or water. After establishing drinking behavior, increasing concentrations of quinine were added to the ethanol to assess the drinking response to adulteration of the alcohol. Results CRPS increased fecal corticosterone concentrations and anxiety-like behaviors in the open field in both male and female mice as compared to control mice that had not been exposed to CRPS. Consistent with previous reports, we observed a sex difference in alcohol consumption such that females consumed more ethanol per gram of body mass than males. In addition, CRPS reduced alcohol aversion in male mice such that higher concentrations of quinine were necessary to reduce alcohol intake as compared to control mice. CRPS did not alter alcohol-related behaviors in female mice. Conclusion Collectively, we demonstrate that repeated CRPS can induce anxiety-like behavior in both sexes but selectively influences the response to ethanol adulteration in males.
INFLUENCE OF THE HEAT EXCHANGERS THERMAL CONDUCTANCE ON THE THERMODYNAMIC PERFORMANCE OF A MAGNETIC REFRIGERATOR

In the majority of the magnetic refrigeration devices developed so far, the thermal load is provided by an electrical heater in direct contact with the working fluid in the cold heat exchanger. This is acceptable in laboratory devices, but does not represent the real thermal interactions taking place in the heat exchanger in contact with the refrigerated environment (e.g., the air inside the cabinet of the refrigerator). In this work, the influence of the thermal conductances of the heat exchangers on the thermodynamic performance of a magnetic refrigerator has been analyzed. A mathematical model based on the ε-NTU method was developed and implemented in an AMR numerical model. The results reveal a significant deterioration of the system performance as the thermal conductances are decreased. The system performance is more sensitive to the overall thermal conductance of the hot-side heat exchanger. This should be considered in the design of actual AMR operating with real heat exchangers.
Cloud Annealing: A Novel Simulated Annealing Algorithm Based on Cloud Model

As one of the most popular intelligent optimization algorithms, Simulated Annealing (SA) faces two key problems, the generation of perturbation solutions and the control strategy of the outer loop (cooling schedule). In this paper, we introduce the Gaussian Cloud model to solve both problems and propose a novel cloud annealing algorithm. Its basic idea is to use the Gaussian Cloud model with decreasing numerical character He (Hyper-entropy) to generate new solutions in the inner loop, while He essentially indicates a heuristic control strategy to combine global random search of the outer loop and local tuning search of the inner loop. Experimental results in function optimization problems (i.e. single-peak, multi-peak and high dimensional functions) show that, compared with the simple SA algorithm, the proposed cloud annealing algorithm will lead to significant improvement on convergence and the average value of obtained solutions is usually closer to the optimal solution. key words: simulated annealing, Gaussian Cloud model, cooling schedule, solution perturbation, optimization algorithm
Chapter 4 Objective 1 : Exploring the psychological behavior of the investors in predicting the equity risk premium expectations

In this objective, it has been seen that if other than the market returns, there are other factors including the behavior and the other financial factors have any effect in estimating the equity risk premium expectations of the investors. For achieving the same, the validity of one of the most popular financial model in predicting the stock returns that is CAPM (Capital Asset Pricing Model) is checked, and on the basis of its validity, inferences would be drawn if the investors behavior or psychological factors play a role in estimating the ERP.
Majority Bargaining and Reputation: The Symmetric Case

This paper analyzes the interaction between non-unanimity and reputation in a simple environment. Three agents bargain over the division of one dollar with majority rule and a Baron-Ferejohn protocol with uniform recognition probabilities. Each agent could be of a semi-rational type committed to claim a certain share of the dollar. Assuming common conflicting claims and a common discount factor, I show that when rational types are suffi ciently patient or when bargaining interaction is suffi ciently frequent, there is a perfect Bayesian equilibrium in which the bargaining process is asymptotically effi cient in the sense that it reaches a potential agreement in finitely many periods with probability one. Moreover, in this equilibrium, when the prior probability of semi-rationality is small, the rational type with the weakest reputation of commitment in the sense of the lowest positive prior probability of being semirational, obtains the largest share of the dollar. These two features stand in sharp contrast to bilateral bargaining.
Portfolio turnover and performance of equity investment funds in Brazil

The purpose of this paper was to analyze the relationships between the portfolio turnover and performance of equity investment funds in Brazil. There are few published studies on the subject, but the previously identified Brazilian studies that have examined making changes to portfolios have been limited to very restricted data samples and have only worked with an ordinary least squares (OLS) model without taking into account the indications of international studies and economic theory itself of the possible endogeneity of turnover, which would make OLS estimation inadequate. The expressive growth of the fund industry in the Brazilian market shows the relevance of the object of research. Two portfolio turnover metrics were analyzed: one based on changes in the monetary values of the assets and another based on changing the weights of the assets in the portfolio. The estimations were performed for fixed effects panel data and then for a two-stage least squares model, using instrumental variables. The funds that make up the sample are those classified as “free shares” in the period from January of 2012 to January of 2018. The results showed that there is a positive relationship between the portfolio turnover and performance of the equity investment funds, showing that managers have been able to take advantage of moments of mispricing in the market and that they carry out more trades in search of higher returns. This research extends the results in the literature as it shows that there is a positive relationship between the turnover and performance of equity investment funds that is independent of the way turnover or performance are measured, which has shown inconclusive results in previous studies. Furthermore, it presents evidence for a more representative and current sample in an emerging market.
Clinical and virologic outcomes after changing first antiretroviral regimen at 7 sites in the Caribbean, Central, and South America Network (CCASAnet)

1 1 Clinical and virologic outcomes after changes in first antiretroviral regimen at 7 2 sites in the Caribbean, Central and South America Network (CCASAnet) 3 4 Marcelo Wolff, M.D., Bryan E. Shepherd, Ph.D., Claudia Cortés, M.D., Peter Rebeiro, 5 M.H. S. , Ph.D., Carina Cesar, M.D., Sandra Wagner Cardoso, M.D., Ph.D., Jean W. 6 Pape, M.D., Denis Padgett, M.D., Juan Sierra-Madero, M.D., Juan Echevarria, M.D., 7 Catherine C. McGowan, M.D., for The Caribbean, Central and South America Network 8 for HIV Epidemiology (CCASAnet) 9 10 Fundación Arriarán/Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile; 11 Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, U.S.A. ; Fundación Huésped, Buenos Aires, 12 Argentina; Instituto de Pesquisa Clinica Evandro Chagas-Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio 13 de Janeiro, Brazil; Le Groupe Haïtien d'Etude du Sarcome de Kaposi et des Infections 14 Opportunistes, Port-au-Prince, Haiti; Instituto Hondureño de Seguridad Social and 15 Hospital Escuela, Tegucigalpa, Honduras; Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y 16 Nutrición, Mexico City, México; Instituto de Medicina Tropical Alexander von Humboldt, 17 Lima, Peru. 18 19 20 Corresponding author: 21 22 Catherine C. McGowan, M.D. 23 A2200 Medical Center North 24 Division of Infectious Diseases 25 Vanderbilt University Medical Center 26 Nashville, TN 37232 27 Tel: (615) 322-2035 28 Fax: (615) 343-6160 29 Email: c.mcgowan@vanderbilt.edu 30 31 32 Some of the data herein were presented as an oral abstract at the HIV Drug Therapy in 33 the Americas conference, held June 13-15, 2013 in Sao Paulo, Brazil. 34 35 36 This work was supported by the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases 37 (NIAID) as part of the International Epidemiologic Databases to Evaluate AIDS (IeDEA): 38 U01 AI069923. 39 40 The authors report no conflicts of interest related to this work. 41 42 Running head: Outcomes after changes in first antiretroviral regimen in Latin America 43 AC CE PT ED
How CERN’s Documents Contradict the Bases of its own Public Safety Assurances: Plans for ‘Strangelet’ Detection at the LHC

I Strangelets and the LHC.1 II Strangelet Searches with the CASTOR Detector of CMS.3 III Strangelet Searches with the ALICE Detector.6 IV Seven Contradictions between CERN’s Safety Claims and the Statements of the CASTOR Team and ALICE Collaboration.8 V Published Physicists’ Doubts about CERN’s Remaining Safety Arguments.12 VI Overview.14 Notes.15 Acronyms.17 References.18 List of CASTOR Strangelet Publications.22 List of ALICE Strangelet Publications.24 Exhibits.25
Twitter as Source of Auxiliary Information in Small Area Estimation (A Case Study about Estimation Electability of The Candidate Pairs Of President and Vice-President Of The 2019 President Election)

When it comes to topic about electability people are become excited. People always wonder who has higher electability. During campaign of president election 2019, politics becomes one of the very interesting topic especially in social media. People talk about each pair candidate’s president of Indonesia in social media. Topics that people talk can contain whether it is positive topic or negative topic. And now, what about linking electability with topics that people talk about in social media. It would be very interesting if there are some information in social that related to electability. Information extracted from social media can come in handy as auxiliary information to help estimating electability in each province using small area estimation.
State and Process Tomography – In Spekkens ’ Toy Model

In 2004 Robert W. Spekkens introduced a toy theory designed to make a case for the epistemic view of quantum mechanics. But how does Spekkens’ toy model differ from quantum theory? While some differences are well-established, we attempt to approach this question from a tomographic point of view. More specifically, we provide experimentally viable procedures which enables us to completely characterize the states and gates that are available in the toy model. We show that, in contrast to quantum theory, decompositions of transformations in the toy model must be done in a non-linear fashion. Acknowledgments I would like to thank my supervisor Niklas Johansson, not only for enabling this project to happen, but also for the patient and fruitful discussions throughout the process. I would also like to express special gratitude to my beloved girlfriend and family for the invaluable support through every high and low point of the project.
A Cell-type Dependent Growth Defect in HSV-1 ICP27 Mutants A Thesis SUBMITTED TO THE FACULTY OF THE UNIVERSITY OF MINNESOTA BY Leon Sanders III IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE DEGREE OF MASTER OF SCIENCE

Herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) is a common human herpesvirus that has a seroprevalence between 70-80% in the adult population and can lead to oral/genital lesions and viral encephalitis. Infected cell protein (ICP) 27 (ICP27) is an essential, 512-residue HSV-1 protein that performs many different functions during infection including but not limited to the regulation of viral gene expression, participating in viral mRNA export and modulating the cellular interferon response pathway. The majority of previous studies of this viral protein have been conducted in Vero cells, a line of African green monkey kidney cells. Here we have examined the phenotype of viral ICP27 mutants in other cell lines and primary cultures. We identified one mutant, d1-2, which shows a striking cell type-dependent growth defect in that it can partially replicate in Vero cells and some other cells but cannot replicate at all in many human cells including primary fibroblasts. Analysis of d1-2 infections showed that its restricted replication is associated with markedly decreased expression of the viral ICP8 gene and aberrant formation of viral replication compartments. These data suggest that viral DNA replication is tightly blocked in restrictive cells. Using a plasmid transfection/virus complementation strategy, we demonstrate that the cell-type dependent replication phenotype of HSV-1 mutants maps to the N-terminus of ICP27, specifically to residues 12-20. Together, our data indicate that ICP27 function is dependent on host cell type and that HSV-1 studies in Vero cells may not fully model natural human infections.
Chapter 5 Industry 4 . 0 in ‘ factory economies ’

Although the disruptive technologies jointly referred to as ‘Industry 4.0’ (Brettel et al. 2014; Hermann et al. 2015; Kagermann et al. 2013; Váncza et al. 2011) have been nearly universally hailed1 as being set to improve the competitiveness of the manufacturing sector – also in high-wage countries –, scholars are far from unanimous in their assessment of their impact on selected economic subsystems such as the labour market, or on the geographical configuration of value-adding activities. Will these technologies lead to the reshoring of manufacturing and the related advanced support activities, erasing the results of FDI-driven modernisation in the host economies?
Comparison of Maximum Likelihood and Generalized Method of Moments in Spatial Autoregressive Model with Heteroskedasticity

Spatial dependence and spatial heteroskedasticity are problems in spatial regression. Spatial autoregressive regression (SAR) concerns only to the dependence on lag. The estimation of SAR parameters containingheteroskedasticityusing the maximum likelihood estimation (MLE) method provides biased and inconsistent. The alternative method is the generalized method of moments (GMM). GMM uses a combination of linear and quadratic moment functions simultaneously so that the computation is easier than MLE. The bias is used to evaluate the GMM in estimating parameters of SAR model with heteroskedasticity disturbances in simulation data. The results show that GMM provides the bias of parameter estimates relatively consistent and smaller compared to the MLE method.
Enhance antibacterial effects of combination sodium diacetate and surfactant agent on Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli and quality of fresh chilled ground pork

Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli are important foodborne pathogenic bacteria and serious intimidations to human health worldwide. This study was to reduce and control growth of S. aureus and E. coli and the spoilage bacteria in fresh ground pork stored at 5 and 15oC using sodium diacetate (SD) alone and in combination with polyethylene glycol (PEG). Microbial and physical qualities of ground pork (inoculated with S. aureus and E. coli 4log cfu/g) added 0.25%SD, 1.25%SD and 0.16%SD in combination with 0.16%PEG were investigated. The results showed that the adding 1.25%SD and 0.16%SD in combination with 0.16%PEG could significantly (p < 0.05) reduce S. aureus, E. coli, aerobic plate count (APC) and psychrotrophic bacteria population in ground pork. The both treatments could control growth of both pathogenic bacteria in ground pork stored at 5oC for 14 days. In addition, these treatments could control growth of S. aureus and E. coli stored at 15oC for 4 and 6 days, respectively. The adding both treatments could control growth of APC and extend shelf life of ground pork stored at 5 and 15OC for 12 and 8 days, respectively. However, the low pH of high concentration SD alone caused the highest weight loss and discoloration. No adverse effect of low concentration SD in combination with PEG in ground pork was observed. Its weight loss and color was not significantly different from those of non-treated at both storage temperatures (p > 0.05). Hence, this study suggests that 0.16%SD in combination with 0.16%PEG has great potential to be used as a good preservative for fresh chilled ground pork.
An Interventional Study to Improve Colorectal Cancer Screening Knowledge and Health Perceptions among Jordanians' Average Risk Population

Results: The mean knowledge scores were (6.51±1.60) and (6.91± 1.83) for females and males, respectively. The mean of the knowledge level in the intervention group subsequent to the intervention was significantly higher than that for the control group. More than half of the study participants (53.8%) did not believe they were susceptible to CRC, while about one third (37.4%) of the participants believed that CRC is a severe disease. 42.2% of study participants believed there were barriers preventing them from participating in CRC screening. The most frequently perceived barrier among them was the cost of screening tests. The means of the perceived susceptibility and severity subscales of the intervention group was significantly higher than that of the control group.
The Prevalence of Anxiety Disorders among Primary School Students in Riyadh District, Saudi Arabia

Background: Anxiety is a state of fear or subjective feeling of apprehension dread, or foreboding. A lot of risk factors aggravate anxiety disorders including age, depressed parents, parental loss, childhood adversities, economic factors, physical abuse and drug abuse. The anxiety disorders include Panic disorder, Obsessive-Compulsive disorder, Social Phobia, Specific Phobia, Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder, generalized anxiety disorder, and anxiety disorder due to a general medical condition. The prognosis varies on the severity of each case and utilization of treatment for each individual, If these children are left untreated, they face risks such as poor results at school, avoidance of important social activities, and substance abuse. Objectives: This study aims to determine the prevalence of anxiety disorders among primary school students in Riyadh district, Saudi Arabia 2019. Methodology: A cross sectional study was conducted among 280 students during April 2019. A multistage random sampling method was used and data was collected by SCARED score and self-administered questionnaires. Results: We found that 178 of the students met the criteria of anxiety by using screen of child anxiety disorder (SCARD); giving prevalence of 63.6%. The most frequent type which detected by SCARD score were panic disorder and separation anxiety disorder with same percentage (92.7%), The least common one is school avoidance (35.4%). Whereas 9% of all anxious participants had all types of anxiety. The result show there was statistical significant between anxiety and main risk factors show that the males participants had (76.2%) higher anxiety than females (56%). The participants who lost parents (92.2%) had suspected anxiety more comparing to who had living parents (62.2%). More than two third of child who expose to physical abuse, get afraid from wars and disasters and who said that their concentration had been decreased in classes when they feel anxious and uncomfortable had anxiety (70.7%, 68.1% and 71.2%) respectively. Conclusion: In our study we found that the anxiety disorders among children in our district had present with high percentage which more than half of our participants had at least one type of anxiety where panic attack and separation anxiety located in the top of the list. And the anxiety percentage affected by sex where more increased in males, loss one or both parents, exposure to physical abuse and seen the wars views and natural disasters. Also the anxious student had poor concentration on their classes. Through our study, we reached a number of points that may help solve this problem making cycling screening at the school level for early detection of cases of anxiety in children. Early Careful treatment of the affected children should be given and private sessions should be done with child psychiatric specialists. Activate roles of social specialist in governmental schools. Avoid the use of beatings as a means of education.
Optimization and consumer acceptability of carob powder as cocoa substitute in lactose-free cashew nut almonds-based beverage

Several benefits are associated with cocoa powder consumption as antioxidant properties and cardio protective effect. However, due to some disadvantages, such as the presence of stimulating and allergenic substances, products have been developed using carob powder as cocoa substitute. The product does not have the same disadvantages as the cocoa, besides been naturally sweetened and is a good source of fiber. The objective of this research was to develop a lactose-free cashew nut almond (CNA) beverage similar to a chocolate milk beverage and to optimize the beverage by estimating the feasible percentage of substitution of cocoa for carob powder and the ideal sucrose and carrageenan content. In the first phase, a 23 factorial planning type was carried out. As for the second phase, seven samples were subjected to acceptability tests carried out with 70 untrained panelists. By response surface methodology, the total substitution of cocoa for carob powder (2 g/100 mL) in lactose-free CNA-based beverage is feasible. The seven formulations achieved good sensory acceptance. The concentration of sucrose exerts a great influence on the sensory acceptance of the beverage. It is recommended the use of 18.8% sucrose.