Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
“Childhood Asthma in Bangladeshi Children: A Study in a Tertiary Care Level Hospital, Dhaka, Bangladesh”

Background: Asthma is the most common chronic disease in children and is the leading cause childhood morbidity. The risk for asthma is associated with exposure to several environmental & genetic factors. Aim and objective: Aim of the study was to determine the risk factors of childhood asthma Methods and Materials: This descriptive case control study was conducted in the Department of Pediatric Respiratory Medicine (Pulmonology), Dhaka Shishu (Children) Hospital, Dhaka, Bangladesh.During the period from January 2018 to December 2018, which included 350 children where 175 was cases and 175 was controls Group. This study was carried out among 350 subjects, out of which 175 were cases and 175 were controls, age ranging from 5 to 15 years. Cases were diagnosed asthmatic children as determined by a pediatric pulmonologist on the basis of history, physical examination and spirometry. Controls were175 hospitalized children suffering from diseases other than asthma.Each control was matched to each case by gender, age and residential area (urban or rural). For each study subject, parents were interviewed by means of a semi structured questionnaire included items concerning several risk factors. Results: Family history of asthma (motherOR= 46.2, 95%CI 32.37-68.63; sibling/ relativeOR= 28.42, 95% CI 1.99-50.29), bronchiolitis in early life (OR= 113.92, 95%CI 47.25-184.45), exposure to food like hilsa fish, beef, egg, brinjal, prawn (OR= 47.84, 95%CI 10.18-110.81) and dust both indoor (house dust mites) and outdoor (OR= 149.34, 95% CI 11.44-201.35) and presence of atopic condition like allergic rhinitis (OR= 40.35, 95% CI 1.82-69.09) were significant risk factors in logistic regression analysis. Besides, household dampness (P= 0.047, OR= 2.45, 95% CI 0.92-6.65), exposure to paternal smoking (P= 0.037, OR= 2.70, 95% CI 0.957.87) and atopic dermatitis (P= 0.002, OR= 5.06, 95% CI (1.55-17.54) were significantly associated with asthma (p<0.05) in univariate analysis in this study. Conclusion: In this study, family history of asthma, H/O bronchiolitis in early life, presence of atopic dermatitis and allergic rhinitis, dust and food allergy, household crowding, house dampness, and exposure to paternal smoking were found as risk factors of childhood asthma. Asthma in children can be prevented by raising awareness against these risk factors among generalpopulation. Key word: Asthma, Risk factors, Family history, Bronchiolitis, Allergic rhinitis. -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Date of Submission: 17-01-2020 Date of Acceptance: 05-02-2020 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Formulation and Evaluation of Maltodextrin based Proniosomal Drug Delivery System containing Anti-diabetic (Glipizide) drug

Glipizide loaded maltodextrin based proniosome were prepared by slurry method with different surfactant to cholesterol ratio. The proniosome formulations were evaluated for FT-IR study, angle of repose and scanning electron microscopy. The niosomal suspensions were further evaluated for entrapment efficiency, In-vitro release study, Kinetic data analysis, Stability study, In-vivo hypoglycemic Study. The result from SEM analyses has confirmed the coating of surfactant on the surface of carrier. The formulation F4 which showed higher entrapment efficiency of 84.25 ± 1.25 and in-vitro release of 99.23% at the end of 24hr was found to be best among the all 7 formulation. Release was best explained by the zero order kinetics. Kinetic analysis shows that the drug release follows super case II transport diffusion. Proniosome formulation has showed appropriate stability for 90 days when compared with reconstituted niosomes by storing the formulation at refrigerator condition.
HOMOGENEOUS NEURAL NETWORKS

In this paper, we study the implicit regularization of the gradient descent algorithm in homogeneous neural networks, including fully-connected and convolutional neural networks with ReLU or LeakyReLU activations. In particular, we study the gradient descent or gradient flow (i.e., gradient descent with infinitesimal step size) optimizing the logistic loss or cross-entropy loss of any homogeneous model (possibly non-smooth), and show that if the training loss decreases below a certain threshold, then we can define a smoothed version of the normalized margin which increases over time. We also formulate a natural constrained optimization problem related to margin maximization, and prove that both the normalized margin and its smoothed version converge to the objective value at a KKT point of the optimization problem. Our results generalize the previous results for logistic regression with one-layer or multi-layer linear networks, and provide more quantitative convergence results with weaker assumptions than previous results for homogeneous smooth neural networks. We conduct several experiments to justify our theoretical finding on MNIST and CIFAR-10 datasets. Finally, as margin is closely related to robustness, we discuss potential benefits of training longer for improving the robustness of the model.
A review on the monthly and seasonal forecast of the Indian summer monsoon

The importance seasonal rainfall associated with the Indian summer monsoon is very significant for an agricultural-dependent economy like India. An imbalance in the seasonal rainfall can create havocs in the form of droughts or flood. Other than agricultural sector, various other sectors are also widely associated with the monsoon rainfall and can have a direct impact on the economy of India. With large sectors at stake due to monsoon rainfall, the demand for a skillful prediction of Indian summer monsoon rainfall has been ever increasing. This review article focuses on the recent developments and success of the statistical and dynamical methods for the prediction of Indian summer monsoon rainfall. Statistical methods were widely used in the late 20 century, when the availability of computational power was limited. But, with advancements in computational technologies dynamical methods were developed and used with reasonable success. This review has provided a glimpse of the long history of India Meteorological Department (IMD) operational forecast system, including the recent efforts and the success by the Indian scientific community using advanced global climate models and multi-statistical approaches. Recent scientific studies have also been discussed for the creation of a hybrid-dynamical-statistical model where the results of dynamically downscaled products are statistically corrected using various statistical methods, thereby creating a robust method for a skillful prediction system.
Towards Expanding the Frontiers of Accounting Knowledge: Imperative for Practitioners Accommodation

This study explored the role of accounting professional practice in shaping the expansion of the frontiers of accounting knowledge. This was based on the reality and imminence of the threat posed by developments in artificial intelligence, premised on tech-developmental disruptions, the gap between accounting theoreticians and practitioners, and accounting’s back-lead in new knowledge development and application. As gleaned from the preponderance of theoretical evidence, which underscores practitioners’ continuing preference for normative, descriptive, and immediate problem-resolution research, the study concludes that expanding the frontiers of accounting knowledge has been budged down, by the limited scope of practice accommodation given to new knowledge deployment. Thus, for as long as practitioners foreclose new knowledge deployment, a consummate expansion of the accounting knowledge base cannot be actualised. Accounting would continue to blaze the backward-trail in new knowledge development, relative to other academic disciplines and professional practice. Therefore, accounting practitioners must be willing to accommodate knowledge expansion in light of society’s continued advancement. While, at the same time, researchers must indulge practitioners in a gradual shift to new research output indulgence, so as not to cause too much dislocation. Again, practitioners, for the sake of saving the accounting field, should be willing to fund futuristic research. Finally, accounting practitioners should be prepared to accommodate some degree of risk arising from new knowledge deployment.
The hybridization movement of business through B Corp certification

Based on a new reflection about the role of enterprises in current society, new organizational models seek to produce articulations capable of creating a bond between profit and socio-environmental interest. As an attempt to address the plurality of concepts and organizational formats to describe this new type of organization, the term “hybrid organizations” has been picking up as a broader concept in the academic setting. Hybrid organizations combine, in a challenging and unprecedented manner, different institutional logics, and social enterprises become emblematic examples by combining social welfare and market logic. Many authors also cite the B Corp Movement, originated in the United States, as one of the main examples and forerunners of the concept of hybrid organizations. It then becomes a rich object of study especially because they seek to differ from approaches of sustainability and corporate responsibility, standing up for redefining the notion of the success in business, also claiming to be a new type of organizational form. But, although it has got more and more attention in the academic and practitioner set, it is still new and there is room to investigate its meanings. The certification is not, admittedly, a classification for social enterprises, although the whole logic of its communication and positioning is linked to similar ideas. Therefore, understanding the whole picture of B Corps by studying the enterprises that join this initiative is the main contribution of this descriptive-exploratory and qualitative study that aims to better understand the B Corp Movement according to the concept of hybrid organizations and also exploring the perspective of an emerging country in Latin America. The study is based on secondary data about how certified enterprises present themselves in their profiles on the B Corp community, analyzing 45 Brazilian examples considering the hybrid spectrum proposed by Alter (2007). The results of this research suggest the heterogeneity of certified companies is one of the main characteristics of the movement, indicating a larger scope on organizational hybridity levels, not exactly an ideal type. The certification can be perceived as an evolution of social and environmental accountability mechanisms, placing more emphasis in the way businesses are conducted, but not necessarily their core business, main-activities or social mission as a guide for business models. By providing a panoramic and analytical overview of the movement, this study serves as a starting point for future researches related to the subject and for the development of the concept of hybrid organizations.
Fuzzy Assessment Model for Functional Impairments in Human Locomotion

Neurological disorders affect the human locomotion system. The effect of neurological disorders can be decreased significantly by an efficient rehabilitation. In this paper, a new methodology has been proposed to analyze and classify joint angles of Ankle, Knee, and Hip in three dimensions (3D). Fuzzy assessment model has been developed based on fuzzy granulation and fuzzy similarity. Using joint angles data of healthy subjects and patients, experiments have been performed to show how effectively the developed system work. A physician on our team evaluated the experimental results. Kappa statistics has been used to evaluate the system results. The kappa coefficients show excellent agreement between the decision of the physician and the developed system. The proposed system serves as an assessment tool in the rehabilitation process to detect and evaluate abnormality in human movement. Physicians and clinicians benefit from this tool in the diagnosis and assessment of functional impairments in human locomotion system. As well as prescribe treatment and measure the outcome of therapy for patients with neurological disorders.
Efficacy Trial of Camouflage ProVector Nettys With Entobac D Against Aedes aegypti

Aedes aegypti is an important vector of several arboviruses having significant impact on human populations on several continents. Increasing prevalence of pesticide resistance is of great concern to public health officials as is concern of environmental impact of pesticide spraying. A preliminary trial of a new pesticide, composed of a mix of Bacillus thuringiensis israelensis and deltamethrin pesticides combined with an attractant bait are discussed. A camouflage system is discussed which may have military application in protecting military and sportsmen, such as campers and fisherman.
Anatomy of the Beginning of the Great Housing Boom∗

We provide a new framework to determine the timing of the start of housing booms that combines the implications of a spatial equilibrium model in urban economics with the estimation of multiple structural breaks in local market house price appreciation series. Using the universe of housing transactions from a large set of U.S. metropolitan areas between 1993 to 2009 we find that: (1) the great housing boom cannot be interpreted as a single, national event, as different markets began to boom across a decade-long period from the mid-1990s to the mid-2000s, some of them multiple times; the magnitude of the initial local price growth jump is nearly 11 percentage points on average unconditionally and 5 percentage points after controlling for time and market fixed effects; (2) there is a fundamental basis to the beginning of local housing market booms, as the income of prospective buyers jumps coincidentally with the jump in the rate of house price appreciation; our calculations indicate that this factor could account for around half of the initial jump in price growth; (3) the start of booms is not associated with an expansion of purchases by underrepresented minorities; the share of White purchases actually increases modestly in the year that house price growth initially escalates; (4) mortgage financing at the start of booms is conventional for the most part; only after a multiyear lag does the share of subprime loans rise sharply; other measures of risky loans exhibit a similar temporal pattern, indicating that financial risk is not high when booms begin, but builds over time; (5) no fundamental or financial market variable we examined leads the boom, so researchers and policy makers may have to rely on prices themselves and the methods introduced here to calibrate housing cycles going forward. ∗ We thank the Research Sponsors Program of the Zell/Lurie Real Estate Center at Wharton for financial support. Matthew Davis, Anthony DeFusco, Wenjie Ding, Hye Jin Lee, Gordon MacDonald, Xuequan Peng, and Cindy Soo provided outstanding research assistance. We thank Matthew Gentzkow, Ed Glaeser, Erik Hurst, Alvin Murphy, Emily Oster, Paul Willen, and the participants in seminars at the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System, the NBER Summer Institute, the University of Chicago, UC-Berkeley, and UCLA for comments on previous versions of the paper. A previous version of this work appeared as the NBER Working Paper #17374 titled “Anatomy of the Beginning of the Housing Boom: U.S. Neighborhoods and Metropolitan Areas, 1993-2009”.
A Study to Assess the Knowledge of Diabetes Mellitus among Diabetic Patients and Their Awareness about Diabetic Diet

Bingu ShivKiran Reddy,SuryaPrakash Srivastava ,Aishwarya Sharma, Tejal Waghe,Neha Jaiswal,Shivani P Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College ,DMIMS, Sawangi (meghe), Wardha , Maharashtra Pin code 442001 Corresponding Author: Bingu ShivKiran Reddy -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Date of Submission: 26-12-2019 Date of Acceptance: 10-01-2020 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Effects of Auditory Stimuli on Empathic Emotion

Individuals are exposed to a variety of stimuli that elicit empathy. However, it is unclear whether the sensory mode (i.e., auditory or visual) through which a stimulus is perceived influences empathic responses. The present study experimentally examined the differences between audiovisual communication channels in their ability to elicit empathic reactions from undergraduate students. Participants completed the Balanced Emotional Empathy Scale (BEES: Mehrabian, 2000) in order to determine one’s emotional empathy trait prior to visually, aurally, or audiovisually viewing a short video clip of an infant child in a state of distress. Subsequently, the participants rated their emotional reactions to the video clip based on subjective level of distress, how upset participants felt, and participants’ desire to help the infant. There were no statistically significant effects of the presentation style of the video on participants’ upset reactions or participants’ desire to help. However, the effect of the stimuli presentation on participants’ level of distress was statistically significant, particularly among participants with “very below average” or “below average” empathy traits. The findings of the present study suggest that empathic responses are greatest when an individual can see and hear another individual in distress, as he or she cannot misinterpret the incoming information.
Comparative Evaluation of Membrane-Organizing Extension Spike Protein in Gingival Crevicular Fluid in Individuals with and Without Severe Chronic Periodontitis

Background: Gingival Crevicular Fluid (GCF) is the principal target in the search for biomarkers of periodontal disease, because its protein composition may reflect disease pathophysiology. The objective of this study was to evaluate and compare the levels of membrane-organizing extension spike protein (Moesin) in GCF of individuals with and without severe chronic periodontitis. Materials and Methods: Forty systemically healthy subjects satisfying the required inclusion criteria were selected and equally divided into two groups: Group A – with no periodontitis and Group B – with severe chronic periodontitis. Periodontal parameters were recorded at baseline. GCF samples were collected and evaluated for Moesin levels in both the groups using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Scaling and root planing were performed in Group B patients whose GCF samples were collected and assessed again after 4 weeks. Results: At baseline, the mean GCF Moesin level in Group A was 525.30 ± 315.252 pg/ml, while in Group B, it was found to be 25335.40 ± 12251.53 pg/ml, which showed a highly significant statistical difference on comparison. The mean GCF Moesin level in patients with chronic severe periodontitis was 25335.40 ± 12251.53 pg/ml at baseline, and on review 1 month after SRP, it was found to have undergone a statistically significant reduction to 25061.28 ± 12233.33 pg/ml (P = 0.001). Conclusion: Moesin levels were found to be higher in subjects with severe chronic periodontitis as compared to those with no periodontitis. Also there was significant reduction in moesin levels after one month of performing non-surgical periodontal therapy. Thus Moesin can also serve as a potential biomarker for periodontitis.
Escaping the Big Brother: An empirical study on factors influencing identification and information leakage on the Web

This paper presents a study on factors that may increase the risks of personal information leakage, owing to the possibility of connecting user profiles that are not explicitly linked together. First, we introduce a technique for user identification based on cross-site checking and linking of user attributes. Then, we describe the experimental evaluation of the identification technique both in a real setting and on an online sample, showing its accuracy to discover unknown personal data. Finally, we combine the results on the accuracy of identification with the results of a questionnaire completed by the same subjects who performed the test in the real setting. The aim of the study was to discover possible factors that make users vulnerable to this kind of technique. We found that the number of social networks used, their features and especially the amount of profiles abandoned and forgotten by the user are factors that increase the likelihood of identification and the privacy risks.
A Review: Rose Plant Disease Detection Using Image Processing

: In this paper the identification of the rose plant diseases is the key for preventing the losses in the yield and quantity of the agricultural product. Diseases decrease the productivity of plant and it also restricts the growth of plant, and both quality and quantity of plant gets reduced. Disease detection on plant is very critical for sustainable agriculture.It is very hard to monitor the plant diseases done with the hands. It has need of very great amount of work, expertknowledge in the plant diseases, and also have need of the more than enough processing time. Hence, digital image processing is used for the detection of rose plant diseases. Disease detection involves the steps like image acquisition, image pre-processing, image segmentation, feature extraction and its classification. In this study it has been going to explore how save the rose plant from many diseases.
Acclimatization to cold in humans

This review focuses on the responses and mechanisms of both natural and artificial acclimatization to a cold environment in mammals, with specific reference to human beings. The purpose is to provide basic information for designers of thermal protection systems for astronauts during intra- and extravehicular activities. Hibernation, heat production, heat loss, vascular responses, body insulation, shivering thermogenesis, water immersion, exercise responses, and clinical symptoms and hypothermia in the elderly are discussed.
The Significance of Policy and Guidelines on Risk Management Implementation and Development in Malaysian and United Kingdom Public Sector

The purpose of this paper was to identify the significance of the policy and guidelines on risk management implementation and development in the public sector. Specifically, this paper compared the risk management implementation in the Malaysian and United Kingdom public sector by emphasizing the significance of policy and guidelines. Archival documents from government websites and relevant government agencies in Malaysia and United Kingdom were collected and critically analyzed. This study found that policy and guidelines are significant in risk management implementation and development in the public sector context. The central government policy is classified as the most powerful element as compliance with regulation is the dominant factor driving risk control systems in many organizations. In addition, suitable guidelines ensure organizations have good risk management practices and not just a one-off exercise, to facilitate the development of sustainable processes of risk management. The Malaysian government needs to decide to adopt a more formal and structured approach to risk management by incorporating the best practices from the private sector and benchmarks from a variety of public sector organizations around the world, such as the United Kingdom. The relevant guides and reports should be prepared by adopting various methods to contribute toward the development of risk management in Malaysian public sector.