Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Optimal Transport for Distribution Adaptation in Bayesian Hilbert Maps

Parameters are one of the most critical components of machine learning models. As datasets and learning domains change, it is often necessary and time-consuming to re-learn entire models. Rather than re-learning the parameters from scratch, replacing learning with optimization, we propose a framework building upon the theory of optimal transport to adapt model parameters by discovering correspondences between models and data, significantly amortizing the training cost. We demonstrate our idea on the challenging problem of creating probabilistic spatial representations for autonomous robots. Although recent mapping techniques have facilitated robust occupancy mapping, learning all spatiallydiverse parameters in such approximate Bayesian models demand considerable computational time, discouraging them to be used in real-world robotic mapping. Considering the fact that the geometric features a robot would observe with its sensors are similar across various environments, in this paper, we demonstrate how to re-use parameters and hyperparameters learned in different domains. This adaptation is computationally more efficient than variational inference and Monte Carlo techniques. A series of experiments conducted on realistic settings verified the possibility of transferring thousands of such parameters with a negligible time and memory cost, enabling large-scale mapping in urban environments.
Zero-Shot Policy Transfer with Disentangled Attention

Domain adaptation is an open problem in deep reinforcement learning (RL). Often, agents are asked to perform in environments where data is difficult to obtain. In such settings, agents are trained in similar environments, such as simulators, and are then transferred to the original environment. The gap between visual observations of the source and target environments often causes the agent to fail in the target environment. We present a new RL agent, SADALA (Soft Attention DisentAngled representation Learning Agent). SADALA first learns a compressed state representation. It then jointly learns to ignore distracting features and solve the task presented. SADALA’s separation of important and unimportant visual features leads to robust domain transfer. SADALA outperforms both prior disentangled-representation based RL and domain randomization approaches across RL environments (Visual Cartpole and DeepMind Lab).
Development and validation of a method for determining the amount of water required by natural and manufactured sand in concrete production

The goal of the thesis was to develop a fast, small-scale and easily reproducible method for determining the water requirement of sands in concrete. To enable this, 17 different sands were tested, of which 8 were manufactured, also called crushed, and 9 were natural. The developed method involved the measurement of differences in mortar spread induced by the sands, by utilizing a Hägermann cone. The attained spreads were compared to the amount of superplasticizer needed to produce concretes of similar workability with the different sands. The method was validated by confirming the existence of a linear correlation between the spreads and the amounts of superplasticizer required. The accuracy of the method was analysed with statistical analysis. Apart from testing the sands in concrete and mortar, they were also examined as such for physical properties with standardized tests. Based on the attained results, the method was deemed valid, and its accuracy is improved by comparing sands of the same size fractions, by keeping the mortar spread between 120 and 200 mm, and by using a mortar mixer that can incorporate the full range of particle sizes included in each sand. The manufactured sands generally portrayed a slightly higher water requirement than the natural sands, however there were exceptions to this.
Effect of the presence of CuOx on the catalytic behavior of bimetallic Au-Cu catalyst supported on Ce-Zr mixed oxide in CO preferential oxidation

The effect of the presence of copper was evaluated on a bimetallic catalyst Au-Cu based on mixed oxide cerium-zirconium in the preferential oxidation of CO (CO-PROX). Six catalytic materials, based on mixed oxides, were prepared: (1) the support (CeZr); (2) the monometallic catalysts, i.e. gold (Au/CeZr), (3) impregnated copper oxide (CuOx/CeZr) and (4) incorporated copper (CuCeZr); and the bimetallic catalysts, i.e. (5) impregnated copper oxide and gold (Au-CuOx/CeZr), and (6) gold and incorporated copper (Au/CuCeZr). The catalysts were evaluated in the CO-PROX in the range 30-300°C and atmospheric pressure, where the Au-CuOx/CeZr showed the best catalytic behavior. The influence of CO2 and H2O in the feed stream was evaluated on the catalytic performance of the Au-CuOx/CeZr. An inhibitory effect for the CO2 was observed, while the presence of H2O enhanced the performance. Additionally, the catalytic stability was evaluated, reaching CO conversion of 93% and selectivity of 90% for 118 h. The catalytic materials were characterized by XRD, showing in all cases the fluorite cubic structure. The N2 adsorption-desorption analyses showed that synthesized materials were mesoporous and the TPR-H2 test reveals that the presence of the active phase increases the reducibility of Ce4+ to Ce3+. Reduction peaks of the gold catalyst were present at lower temperatures than those of the copper catalyst, which is related to a hydrogen spillover phenomenon. Finally, the samples were analyzed by SEM and TEM, which confirmed the formation of nano-particles with a diameter of about 4 nm.
Методы и модели автоматического извлечения ключевых слов

The paper presents an overview and classification of major approaches to the automatic extraction of keywords from text documents. The approaches can be divided into statistical and hybrid approaches. Both of these types can be further classified into corpora-based and documentbased. Advantages and shortcomings of particular approaches are analyzed. It is claimed that the use of statistical keyword extraction methods for inflecting languages, such as Russian, is problematic. Requirements to the efficient model of automatic keyword extraction from texts in Russian are formulated and particular recommendations to meet these requirements are given. It is emphasized that to create effective keyword extractors one should take into consideration the linguistic types of natural languages (analytical, inflecting, agglutinative, isolating), the domain (sublanguage) and the availability of linguistic and programming resources. The approach is illustrated by a case study of a keyword extractor for Russian texts on mathematical modeling.
Characterization and Evaluation of Variability from Local Watermelon Genotype

Characterization is one of the first phases watermelon plant breeding activities. The process will trigger the appeareance of genetical diversity of the plants. The information regarding the genetical diversity of the observed characteristics is worthwhile the next phases of the breeding process. The experiment intends to achieve information of genetical diversity and directs for future research of the relations between the genetic relationship between watermelon genotype based on the level dissimilarities. The experiments has been implemented at the University Farm Leuwikopo, Bogor Agricultural University from October 2014 until January 2015. The experiment was arranged in a randomized complete block design with 8 genotypes of the exploration result and 1 genotipe for comparison. The diverse result of the analysis concludes that the test genotypes have certain effects to the observed characteristics. The characteristics of the weight of the fruit, length of the fruit, thickness of the pericarp, the total soluble solid of flesh, the day of flowering, and the harvest day have a high broad sense heritability predictive value. The character of the length of petiole have medium broad sense heritability predictive value, and the heritability predictive value of the fruit diameter character is not predictive. Based on the hedonic test, genotype Bengkulu 3 was the only preferred by the panelist due to its color, scents, texture, and the taste of the fruit characteristics. The result of cluster analysis conclude that genotypes originated from same origin generally will be grouped to the group of same genetic relationship.
Design of Multifunctional Convolutional Neural Network Accelerator for IoT Endpoint SoC

Convolutional neural network (CNN) is a machine learning algorithm that plays an important role in image recognition and classification applications. In order to enable the IoT endpoint SoC with limited computing capability to support CNN algorithm, a multifunctional CNN accelerator is proposed which implements major computing components in CNN by hardware. Each computing module is arbitrarily combined by parameter configuration to complete the complex network calculation. In this paper, a SoC with Cortex-M3 kernel is implemented in FPGA as a test platform to verify the performance of the designed accelerator. Evaluation of design scheme is performed by comparing the execute time of the Lenet-5 network on the designed SoC, Intel 7500, Samsung S5P6818 and Allwinner H3. The comparison results show that the compact accelerator proposed in this paper makes the CNN computing power of the SoC based on the Cortex-M3 kernel exceeds the Cortex-A53 kernel, and its CNN computing power per unit frequency reaches 6 times that of the Intel 7500.
Evaluation of BRAF, RAS, RET/PTC, and PAX8/PPARg alterations in different Bethesda diagnostic categories: A multicentric prospective study on the validity of the 7‐gene panel test in 1172 thyroid FNAs deriving from different hospitals in South Italy

Thyroid fine‐needle aspiration (FNA) is a reliable and cost‐effective diagnostic tool for establishing the nature of thyroid nodules, although up to 30% of FNAs are still classified as “indeterminate. ” Molecular testing of FNAs could improve preoperative diagnosis, thereby reducing unnecessary surgery. In this multicenter prospective study the authors investigated, using a 7‐gene assay, the distribution and diagnostic impact of BRAF, RAS, RET/PTC, and PAX8/PPARg, the most frequent genomic alterations occurring during thyroid oncogenesis.
Anthropomorphic left ventricular mesh phantom: a framework to investigate the accuracy of SQUEEZ using Coherent Point Drift for the detection of regional wall motion abnormalities

We present an anthropomorphically accurate left ventricular (LV) phantom derived from human CT data to serve as the ground truth for the optimization and the spatial resolution quantification of a CT-derived regional strain metric (SQUEEZ) for the detection of regional wall motion abnormalities. Displacements were applied to the mesh points of a clinically derived end-diastolic LV mesh to create analytical end-systolic poses with physiologically accurate endocardial strains. Normal function as well as regional dysfunction of four sizes (1, 2/3, 1/2, and 1/3 AHA (American Heart Association) segments as core diameter), each exhibiting hypokinesia (70% reduction in strain) and subtle hypokinesia (40% reduction in strain), were simulated. Regional shortening (RSCT) estimates were obtained by registering the end-diastolic mesh to each simulated end-systolic mesh condition using a non-rigid registration algorithm. Ground-truth models of normal function and of hypokinesia were used to identify the optimal parameters in the registration algorithm, and to measure the accuracy of detecting regional dysfunction of varying sizes and severities. For normal LV function, RSCT values in all 16 AHA segments were accurate to within ±5%. For cases with regional dysfunction, the errors in RSCT around the dysfunctional region increased with decreasing size of dysfunctional tissue.
Ear mite infection is associated with altered microbial communities in genetically depauperate Santa Catalina Island foxes (Urocyon littoralis catalinae)

The host‐associated microbiome is increasingly recognized as a critical player in health and immunity. Recent studies have shown that disruption of commensal microbial communities can contribute to disease pathogenesis and severity. Santa Catalina Island foxes (Urocyon littoralis catalinae) present a compelling system in which to examine microbial dynamics in wildlife due to their depauperate genomic structure and extremely high prevalence of ceruminous gland tumors. Although the precise cause is yet unknown, infection with ear mites (Otodectes cynotis) has been linked to chronic inflammation, which is associated with abnormal cell growth and tumor development. Given the paucity of genomic variation in these foxes, other dimensions of molecular diversity, such as commensal microbes, may be critical to host response and disease pathology. We characterized the host‐associated microbiome across six body sites of Santa Catalina Island foxes, and performed differential abundance testing between healthy and mite‐infected ear canals. We found that mite infection was significantly associated with reduced microbial diversity and evenness, with the opportunistic pathogen Staphylococcus pseudintermedius dominating the ear canal community. These results suggest that secondary bacterial infection may contribute to the sustained inflammation associated with tumor development. As the emergence of antibiotic resistant strains remains a concern of the medical, veterinary, and conservation communities, uncovering high relative abundance of S. pseudintermedius provides critical insight into the pathogenesis of this complex system. Through use of culture‐independent sequencing techniques, this study contributes to the broader effort of applying a more inclusive understanding of molecular diversity to questions within wildlife disease ecology.
Insights into the Mechanism of Nonadiabatic Photodissociation from Product Vibrational Distributions. The Remarkable Case of Phenol.

The fate of a photo-excited molecule is often strongly influenced by electronic degeneracies, such as conical intersections, which break the Born-Oppenheimer separation of electronic and nuclear motion. Detailed information concerning internal energy redistribution in a nonadiabatic process can be extracted from the product state distribution of a photofragment in photodissociation. Here, we focus on the nonadiabatic photodissociation of phenol and discuss the internal excitation of the phenoxyl fragment using both symmetry analysis and wave packet dynamics. It is shown that unique and general selection rules exist, which can be attributed to the geometric phase in the adiabatic representation. Our results further provide a reinterpretation of the experimental data, shedding light on the impact of conical intersections on the product state distribution.
Subjective memory impairment, instrumental activities of daily living and longitudinal effect on mortality among older adults in a population-based cohort study: The HUNT Study

Background: Subjective impairment in memory and instrumental activities in daily living (IADL) are associated with future cognitive decline and poorer mental health in older adults, but their association with mortality is uncertain. Our aim was to examine the associations between subjective memory and IADL impairments and all-cause mortality, as well as the mortality risk for reporting both memory and IADL impairments. Methods: Data from the 70-year-old and older cohort in the third survey of a population-based study, the Nord-Trøndelag Health Study (HUNT3), were linked to the Norwegian Causes of Death Registry. A total of 5802 older adults had complete data from HUNT3 (70.8% of the 70+ cohort). The mean follow-up time was 8.0 years, and 1870 respondents had died. Associations between subjective memory and ADL impairments with mortality were analysed in Cox regression models adjusted for covariates with attained age as the timescale. Analyses were performed separately for two age groups – 70–79 and 80+ years – to fulfil the proportional hazards assumption. Results: Subjective impairments in short-term memory and IADL were significantly associated with mortality both separately and combined. These associations were strongest in the 70- to 79-year-old group, where reporting impairment on one short-term memory item increased the mortality risk by 51% (hazard ratio=1.51; 95% confidence interval 1.20–1.91). Long-term memory impairments were not associated with mortality in the adjusted models. Conclusions: Subjective short-term memory impairments and IADL impairments are associated with increased mortality risk. Neither of these symptoms should be regarded as benign aspects of ageing, and concerns should be properly addressed.
The autonomic nervous system and ventricular arrhythmias in myocardial infarction and heart failure

Ventricular arrhythmias (VA) can range in presentation from asymptomatic to cardiac arrest and sudden cardiac death (SCD). Sustained ventricular tachycardias/ventricular fibrillation (VT/VF) are a common cause of SCD in the setting of myocardial infarction (MI) and heart failure. A particularly arrhythmogenic cardiac syncytia in these conditions can be attributed to both sympathetic activation and parasympathetic dysfunction, while appropriate neuromodulation has the potential to reduce occurrence of VT/VF. In this review, we outline the components of the autonomic nervous system that play an important role in normal cardiac electrophysiology and function. In addition, we discuss changes that occur in the setting of cardiac disease including adverse neural remodeling and neurohormonal activation which significantly contribute to propensity for VT/VF. Finally, we review neuromodulation strategies to mitigate VT/VF which predominantly rely on increasing parasympathetic drive and blockade of sympathetic neurotransmission.
Fiber-Optic Temperature Sensors with Chalcogenide Glass and Crystalline Sensing Element

Fiber-optic temperature sensors (FOTSs) are competitive in cases where it is necessary to provide stable operation in harsh operating conditions — strong electromagnetic fields, elevated background radiation, and explosive environment — and at large distances between sensing element and receiving device. In addition to high reliability and stability when measurements are performed in extreme conditions, such sensors have good metrological characteristics. For FOTSs the main functional node is a temperature-sensitive element (TSE), which defines the main operational and metrological characteristics of these devices. Therefore, the search for new promising materials for innovative TSEs is relevant. From this point of view, chalcogenide amorphous materials of the As x Se 100-x system deserve special attention. They are characterized by a unique combination of high inertia under the influence of intensive external factors and the possibility of significant changes of their optical parameters with changing of their chemical composition within the range of glass formation. In this scientific work, a comparative analysis of opportu-nities for traditional GaAs crystals and As x Se 100-x chalcogenide glasses for TSEs of modern FOTSs is carried out.
PENGELOLAAN HUT AN KOTA BERKELANJUT AN: TINJAUAN ASPEK TEKNIS, ALAM DAN SOSIAL

This study was conducted at Srengseng Urban Forest and Universitas Indonesia Urban Forest, to indentify the structure of the urban forest, its effectiveness in lowering city temperatures, and to predict the people behavior towards urban forest using the thoery of planned behavior . The appr oach which is used in this study is aquantitative appr oach and is also supported by qualitative data. The method which is used is observasional field study and data collected by closed questionnaires and interview techniques. Our study observes a total of 24sample plots, consisting of 4 plots examples in SrengsengUrban Forest and 20 sample plotsin Universitas Indonesia Urban Forest. The number of respondents in total90 people, comprised of 47 respondents in Srengseng Urban Forest and 43 respondents in Universitas Indonesia Urban For est. Vegetation analysis implementedby obser ving the condition of the stands includes plant species,diameter , and height of plants ranging fr om seedling stotr ees. It’ s continued by an analysis of the diversity , distribution, and dominance of vegetation using theShannon diversity index, dominance index, and the important value index. The results of the vegetation analysis shows that Universitas Indonesia Urban Forest has a higher diversity of vegetation t han in Srengseng Urban Forest. The relationship between the technical aspects which is density and the natural aspects which are the temperatur e showed that temperatur e is related to density . The analysis of the social aspects describe that respondents have a good perception of the urban forest although the behavior seems inconsistent withhis perception. Statistical test results showed that the behavior of the r espondents ar e influenced by subjective norms that existin their community .
Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis infection in amphibians predates first known epizootic in Costa Rica

Emerging infectious diseases are a growing threat to biodiversity worldwide. Outbreaks of the infectious disease chytridiomycosis, caused by the fungal pathogen Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis (Bd), are implicated in the decline and extinction of numerous amphibian species. In Costa Rica, a major decline event occurred in 1987, more than two decades before this pathogen was discovered. The loss of many species in Costa Rica is assumed to be due to Bd-epizootics, but there are few studies that provide data from amphibians in the time leading up to the proposed epizootics. In this study, we provide new data on Bd infection rates of amphibians collected throughout Costa Rica, in the decades prior to the epizootics. We used a quantitative PCR assay to test for Bd presence in 1016 anuran museum specimens collected throughout Costa Rica. The earliest specimen that tested positive for Bd was collected in 1964. Across all time periods, we found an overall infection rate (defined as the proportion of Bd-positive individuals) of 4%. The number of infected individuals remained relatively low across all species tested and the range of Bd-positive specimens was shown to be geographically constrained up until the 1980s; when epizootics are hypothesized to have occurred. After that time, infection rate increased three-fold, and the range of specimens tested positive for Bd increased, with Bd-positive specimens collected across the entire country. Our results suggest that Bd dynamics in Costa Rica are more complicated than previously thought. The discovery of Bd’s presence in the country preceding massive declines leads to a number of different hypotheses: 1) Bd invaded Costa Rica earlier than previously known, and spread more slowly than previously reported; 2) Bd invaded multiple times and faded out; 3) an endemic Bd lineage existed; 4) an earlier Bd lineage evolved into the current Bd lineage or hybridized with an invasive lineage; or 5) an earlier Bd lineage went extinct and a new invasion event occurred causing epizootics. To help visualize areas where future studies should take place, we provide a Bd habitat suitability model trained with local data. Studies that provide information on genetic lineages of Bd are needed to determine the most plausible spatial-temporal, host-pathogen dynamics that could best explain the epizootics resulting in amphibian declines in Costa Rica and throughout Central America.