Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Bisphenol-A-diglycidyl ether (BADGE) in edible-oil-containing canned foods: Determination by LC-LC-fluorescence detection

Le BADGE est une matiere premiere utilisee dans la fabrication de revetements a base de resines epoxydiques et d'organosol pour boites. Il est mutagene in vitro, mais une telle activite n'a pas pu etre demontree in vivo. BADGE a ete analyse dans la phase huileuse de conserves p. ex. de thon, de sardines ou d'anchois a l'huile, par LC-LC en phase normale avec heart cutting et detection fluorimetrique. Extrapolees sur le contenu total de la boite, les concentrations mesurees depassaient la limite legale suisse (non-detectable, avec une limite de detection de 0,02 mg/kg) dans plus de 60% des l'echantillons, jusqu'a exceder mille fois cette limite. Le traitement avec une solution a 3% d'acide chlorhydrique pendant 3 h a 40 °C n'hydrolysait qu'environ 25% du BADGE, ce qui semble indiquer que BADGE dans les aliments a base d'huile est peu degrade lors du passage dans l'estomac.
Physically based simulation of passive polarimetric IR mine signatures

A numerical model for polarimetric signatures of surface-laid land mines is presented. The model simulates high-resolution images formed from Stokes parameters that describe thermal emission and reflection of sunlight and skylight. The temperature of the mine and its surroundings is computed as a function of time using a finite element solution of the heat transport equation. The effects of surface roughness are included via a two-scale model, in which the gross shape of the mine is represented by triangular facets (the surface facets of the finite element tetrahedra). Theoretical solutions for rough surface scattering are used to describe small-scale roughness on a facet. Multiply reflected contributions are neglected in the current implementation. An example is presented in which the role of each component is described and related to the observed image.
Variants in CCR6 are associated with susceptibility to lupus nephritis in Chinese

Variants in CCR6 are associated with susceptibility to lupus nephritis in Chinese Authors: Xu-jie Zhou 1 , MD & PhD;Rong Mu, MD & PhD;Chun Li, MD;Swapan K Nath 3 , PhD;Yue-miao Zhang, MD;Yuan-yuan Qi, MD;Zhan-guo Li, MD & PhD;Ming-hui Zhao, MD & PhD;Hong Zhang, MD & PhD Author affiliations: 1, Renal Division, Peking University First Hospital; Peking University Institute of Nephrology; Key Laboratory of Renal Disease, Ministry of Health of China; and Key Laboratory of Chronic Kidney Disease Prevention and Treatment (Peking University), Ministry of Education; Beijing, 100034, People's Republic of China 2, Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, 100044, China. 3, Arthritis and Clinical Immunology Research Program, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City, OK, USA Correspondence to: Prof. Hong Zhang, MD, PhD Renal Division, Peking University First Hospital, Peking University Institute of Nephrology No.8 Xi Shi Ku Street, Xi Cheng District, Beijing 100034 (China) Tel: +86-10-83572388, Fax: +86-10-66551055, E-Mail: hongzh@bjmu.edu. cn Funding:
Test Driven: Practical TDD and Acceptance TDD for Java Developers

In test driven development, you first write an executable test of what your application code must do. Only then do you write the code itself and, with the test spurring you on, you improve your design. In acceptance test driven development (ATDD), you use the same technique to implement product features, benefiting from iterative development, rapid feedback cycles, and better-defined requirements. TDD and its supporting tools and techniques lead to better software faster. Test Driven brings under one cover practical TDD techniques distilled from several years of community experience. With examples in Java and the Java EE environment, it explores both the techniques and the mindset of TDD and ATDD. It uses carefully chosen examples to illustrate TDD tools and design patterns, not in the abstract but concretely in the context of the technologies you face at work. It is accessible to TDD beginners, and it offers effective and less well known techniques to older TDD hands.What's Inside Learn hands-on to test drive Java code How to avoid common TDD adoption pitfalls Acceptance test driven development and the Fit framework How to test Java EE components-Servlets, JSPs, and Spring Controllers Tough issues like multithreaded programs and data access code
Accessibility and Utilization: Geographical Perspectives on Health Care Delivery

Geographical Perspectives on Health Care Health Care Delivery Systems Some International Comparisons Access to Health Care Physician Organization, Location and Access to Health Care Measuring the Potential Physical Accessibility of General Practitioner Services Utilization of Health Care Facilities Revealed Accessibility? Jarvis' Law and the Utilization of Mental Health Care Spatial Aspects of Health Care Planning
Instruments and Players: Some Thoughts on Digital Lutherie

Musical instruments are used to play and to produce music, transforming the actions of one or more performers into sound. This article explores some instrument design issues, structured into three distinct parts. The first section attempts to define what musical instruments are, how traditional instruments function and what they can do, and what future instruments could be, trying to figure out how we could better exploit their unlimited potential. The second section gives a quick review of the current know-how and the technical and conceptual frameworks in which new instrument designers and researchers are currently working. It is not an actual survey of new instruments and controllers, but more a survey of thoughts and knowledge about them. The third and last section studies the dynamic relationship that builds between the player and the instrument, introducing such concepts as efficiency, apprenticeship, and the learning curve. It explores generic properties of some musical instruments such as the diversity, variability or reproducibility of their musical output, the linearity or non-linearity of their behaviour, and tries to figure out how these aspects can bias the relationship between the instrument and the player, and how they may relate to more commonly studied concepts such as expressivity or virtuosity. The aim of this paper is the foundation of a theoretical framework in which the possibilities and the diversity of musical instruments, as well as the possibilities and expressive freedom of human performers, could all be evaluated.
Subjective evaluation of the Optimal Source Distribution system for virtual acoustic imaging.

When binaural sound signals are presented with loudspeakers, the system inversion involved gives rise to a number of problems such as, for example, loss of dynamic range and a lack of robustness to small errors of control performance. These problems for such systems are investigated and this has resulted in the proposal of a new system, the Optimal Source Distribution ("OSD") system, which overcomes these problems by means of variable transducer span. A practical solution to realize a variable transducer span by discretization is also described. Several examples of the "OSD" system are demonstrated which in practice produce a very robust system over the whole audible frequency range. The relationship to the "Stereo Dipole" system is also described.
A violation of order: IP-QoS for tactical traffic

Network centric warfare is the foundation for Joint Vision 2010/2020, under which new levels of operational effectiveness in warfighting will be achieved. The Expeditionary Command Control Communications Computer and Combat system Grid (EC5G) is a near-term enabler of JV2010/2020. The fundamental objective of EC5G is the enhancement of naval network architecture. A major problem in the development of the EC5G is to merge joint data network and joint planning network while retaining certain levels of application service guarantees through utilization of quality of service (QoS) mechanisms between source and destination of network traffic. The objective of this paper is to identify potential vulnerabilities and pitfalls that may be encountered in sending tactical digital information link (TADIL) data from the JDN over an IP-QoS advanced data network system (ADNS) communications devices and links, which commonly service the JPN. The analysis that was performed during this effort highlights two conditions wherein message sequence errors may occur. Both of these conditions suggest careful planning and additional consideration before a concrete TADIL-over-ADNS implementation is proposed.
Adaptive algorithm of automatic implementing fillet operations with loop subdivision surfaces

Surfaces can be generated easily by subdividing polyhedral networks recursively, but over simple or rough polyhedral network, it is difficult to get the surfaces which designers want to model. To solve this problem, complex or precise polyhedral networks have to be defined. In this paper, a set of rules and an automatic adaptive algorithm for making fillet operations with Loop subdivision are presented. The fillet operations are implemented by subdividing a polyhedral network one step with the given sharpness of edges of the polyhedral network. Generally, the number of edges that meet at one vertex is no restriction and the sharpness of every edge can be different. The fillet operations proposed here will strengthen the functions of Computer Graphics system which use subdivision surfaces to model surfaces.
Risks Associated with Laparoscopic Surgery

Laparoscopic surgical (LS) procedures aim to achieve a satisfactory therapeutic result while minimizing the traumatic and metabolic stress of the intervention. Tissue trauma is significantly less than that with conventional open procedures, thus results in the additional benefit of reduced post-operative pain. Other advantages of LS procedures include smaller incisional sites, lower risks of wound complications, reduced postoperative pain and complications, shorter hospital stay, more rapid return to normal activities, and cost savings (Carther, 2011; Nicholsen, 2011; Leonard & Cunningham, 2002). Despite these advantages, laparoscopic surgery may result in serious complications due to the important physiologic changes which occur during the procedure. In complicated surgical cases of extended duration, the prolonged steep head-down position and carbon dioxide insufflation results in a pneumoperitoneum which often has adverse haemodynamic and respiratory consequences (Russoa et al., 2009). Negative aspects of laparoscopic surgery in terms of the surgical procedure itself include poor visualization and traumatic injuries to viscera and blood vessels associated with blind trocar insertion. The physiologic changes associated with laparoscopy include those associated with tilting the patient to facilitate instrumentation and surgical exposure, the pressure effects of instilled gas into a closed cavity, and the systemic effects of the gas, almost universally CO2, that is instilled (and absorbed or embolized). Initially performed in healthy patients, laparoscopy is now used for complicated gastrointestinal (eg. distal gastrectomy for gastric cancer patients with comorbid diseases, laparoscopic hepatic resection for colorectal cancer liver metastases, and laparoscopic resection or debulking of presacral and retrorectal space tumors) and genitourinary procedures. (Russoa et al., 2009).
Coordinating Collaborative Knowledge Building

Abstract This article presents an instructional assistant agent for FLE2, a distributed collaborative learning environment. The authors discuss the role of this agent and how it supports both the instructor and students in coordinating the distributed collaborative knowledge-building process. They emphasize the supplementary role of the instructional assistant agent, which, on the one hand, observes the distributed collaborative learning process and computes statistics for viewing, and on the other hand, detects possible problems and presents them to the instructor so that the instructor can give feedback to students in order that they themselves can regulate the collaboration. By providing advice and learning from feedback, the agent gradually improves its performance and builds up a trust relationship, until a point is reached where the agent is allowed to perform actions without confirmation from the instructor. With the lessons learned from designing and experimenting with the instructional assistant, the authors hope to move one step further towards a plug-in agent that would be able to fit in any distributed collaborative learning environments.
Efficient Query Processing and Data Integrity in Cloud using Column Oriented Database

Column oriented database system re-examines how and when data is compressed. Column oriented database has become quite popular among relational database system because of its performance benefits. Column oriented database stores its data as a adjacent records thus it has the advantage in the area where combination of many separated units of queries requires large amount of data. They are more efficient for read-only query which requires accessing only the memory. This paper provides a detail description of compressing large sized data and storing in cloud using different compression and query execution techniques. In this paper, we compare the performance of row store based on different configurations with column stores and shows that row oriented database performance is quite slower. This paper then analyzes the performance difference and shows that there is a significant difference in storage level. This paper will discuss about efficiently extracting data stored in cloud for improving the performance of query execution. Finally this paper conveys the performance benefits and utilization of column oriented database in accessing and storing large database in cloud. Keywords— column oriented database, data compression, runlength encoding technique, null suppression.
Real-time databases: issues and applications

Data in real-time databases has to be logically and temporally consistent. The latter arises from the need to preserve the temporal validity of data items that reeect the state of the environment that is being controlled by the system. Some of the timing constraints on the transactions that process real-time data come from this need. These constraints, in turn, necessitate time-cognizant transaction processing so that transactions can be processed to meet their deadlines. This chapter explores the issues in real-time database systems and studies two real-time database applications: Cooperative distributed navigation systems and network services database systems. The purpose of the chapter is to discuss the general characteristics of data and transactions in real-time database systems and further explore them in the context of these two applications. Cooperative distributed navigation systems appear in several complex applications, such as road following and robot navigation. Network services databases provide support for the services in an intelligent network (IN). These services include dialed number services (800 service), personal mobility service, virtual business group service, and televoting. 20.1 Introduction Many real-world applications involve time-constrained access to data as well as access to data that has temporal validity. For example, consider autonomous navigation systems, telephone switching systems, network management, program stock trading, managing automated factories, and command and control systems. More speciically, consider the following activities within these applications: obstacle detection and avoidance, looking up the \800 directory," radar tracking and recognition of objects, and determining the appropriate response, as well as the automatic 480
Neural Computation of Pattern Motion: Modeling Stages of Motion Analysis in the Primate Visual Cortex

Series Foreword Acknowledgements I Introduction 1.1 Background 1.2. The Approach 2 Computational , psychophysical, and Neurobiological Approaches to Motion Measurement 2.1 Introduction 2.2 computational Models 2.3 Psychophysics Review 2.4 Neurobiology Review 2.5 Summary 3 The Model 3.1 Theoretical Background 3.2 Structure 3.3 Linear Associator 3.4. Performance Measures 4 Simulation Results 4.1 Training Set and Network Structure 4.2 Weight Structures after Training 4.3 Performance as a Function of the Number of input Locations 4.4. Performance of Average/prototype Weight Matrices 4.5 Speed Psychophysics 4.6 Multiple Moving Objects 4.7 Motion Coherency 4.8 Plaid Angle Simulation 4.9 Plaid Angle Psychophysics 5 Psychophysical Demonstrations 5.1 Split-Herringbone Illusions for Rotation and Dilation 5.2 Nulling the Perceived Size Change of Rotating Spirals and the Perceived Nonrigidity of Rotating Ellipses 6 Summary and Conclusions 6.1 Structural Account of Model's Performance 6.2 Network Approach Contrasted with Other Approaches 6.3 Future Directions. Appendix Aperture Problem Linearity A.1 Analytic Solutions to the Aperture Problem A.2 Linear and Nonlinear Aspects of the Aperture Problem.
Epidemiologie der peripheren arteriellen Verschlusskrankheit in Deutschland

Zusammenfassung Die Prävalenz der peripheren arteriellen Verschlusskrankheit (pAVK) variiert mit der betrachteten Population und der angewandten Screening-Methode. Die Prävalenz der symptomatischen pAVK, die über einen Fragbogen erfasst wird, reicht von etwa 1% bei den 50-Jährigen bis zu 5% bei 80-Jährigen. Auf Grund der geringen Spezifität der Fragebögen hat diese Methode inzwischen keine Bedeutung mehr. In epidemiologischen Studien wird die Bestimmung des Knöchel/Arm-Indexes (ankle/brachial index, ABI) als Screening genutzt. Ein ABI <0,9 gilt als Nachweis einer pAVK. Basierend auf der ABI-Messung beträgt die Prävalenz der pAVK bei den 45- bis 49-jährigen Frauen bzw. Männern in Deutschland 2,3% bzw. 2,6%. Sie steigt bei den 70- bis 75-jährigen Frauen bereits auf 10,4% und bei den Männer dieser Altersgruppe auf 15,2% an. Da die ABIBestimmung mit einer Selektion von Menschen mit eher schlecht kompensierter pAVK einhergeht, liegt die wahre Prävalenz der pAVK vermutlich höher. Von den pAVK-Patienten haben die mit einer chronischen kritischen Ischämie (CKI) eine besonders schlechte Prognose hinsichtlich Extremitätenerhalt und Sterblichkeit. Exakte Prävalenzdaten zur CKI fehlen. Vermutlich sind von einer CKI mindestens 2% der pAVK-Patienten betroffen.
/spl gamma/-radiation dosimetry using screen printed nickel oxide thick films

Thick films of nickel oxide (NiO) were investigated for /spl gamma/-radiation dosimetry purposes. Samples were fabricated using the thick film screen printing technique. Absorption spectra for NiO films were recorded and the values of the optical band gap for as-printed, irradiated and annealed films were calculated. It was found that the optical band gap value decreased as the radiation dose was increased. Samples with an Ag-NiO-Ag sandwich structure were exposed to a /sup 60/Co /spl gamma/-radiation source at a dose rate of 6 Gy/min. The relative change in current increased linearly with increased dosage up to 720 Gy. The I-V characteristics indicated a Poole-Frenkel conduction mechanism. It was found that annealing restored both the electrical and the optical properties of the samples.
A novel non-human primate model of cigarette smoke-induced chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

Background:Commonly used small animal models have limitations for identifying new therapeutic targets or biomarkers for COPD. Herein, we assessed the utility of cigarette smoke(CS)-exposed non-human primates(NHPs) as a novel animal model of COPD. Methods:16 NHPs from the breeding colony at LRRI were exposed to air or CS for 12 weeks. Bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) and pulmonary function tests were performed at baseline and after 4 and 12 weeks. Lung samples were obtained at euthanasia. We quantified:1)inflammation by counting leukocytes in BAL samples and lung sections; 2)lung oxidative stress measuring thiobarbituric acid reactive substances(TBARS) in lungs; 3)alveolar septal cell apoptosis using TUNEL staining; 4)airspace enlargement using morphometry; 5)airway mucus metaplasia using PAS and MUC5AC stainings; and 6)deposition of extracellular matrix(ECM) using Trichrome staining. Results: Compared to controls, CS-exposed NHPs showed a 20% reduction in FVC0.1. Moreover, they developed: 1)lung inflammation with 2-4 fold increase in BAL macrophages and PMNs; 2)4-fold increases in TBARS levels; 3)alveolar septal cell apoptosis; 4)mucus metaplasia in large and small airways; 5)fibrosis around small airways and vessels and 6)T and B lymphocyte follicles in the lungs. 12 weeks of CS-exposure were not sufficient to develop significant emphysema. Conclusions:NHPs show reduced lung function and a progressive lung inflammatory response to CS, together with other pathological processes similar to those occurring in human cigarette smokers. This novel animal model of COPD can safely undergo longitudinal sampling, and could be useful for testing novel biomarkers or new therapeutics for COPD.
System-oriented evaluation of I/O subsystem performance

This dissertation demonstrates that the conventional approach for evaluating the performance of an I/O subsystem design, which is based on standalone subsystem models, is too narrow in scope. In particular, conventional methodology treats all I/O requests equally, ignoring differences in how individual request response times affect system behavior. As a result, it often leads to inaccurate performance predictions and can thereby lead to incorrect conclusions and poor design choices. A new methodology, which expands the model's scope to include other important system components (e.g., CPUs and system software), is proposed and shown to enable accurate predictions of both subsystem and overall system performance. This dissertation focuses on two specific problems with conventional methodology: (1) Benchmark workloads are often not representative of reality in that they do not accurately reflect feedback effects between I/O subsystem performance (in particular, individual request completion times) and the workload of requests (in particular, subsequent request arrivals). (2) Changes in I/O subsystem performance (e.g., as measured by mean request response times) do not always translate into similar changes in overall system performance (e.g., as measured by mean elapsed times for user tasks). These problems are fundamental to the subsystem-oriented approach and are independent of the model's accuracy. The first problem is illustrated with several examples where commonly-utilized workload generators trivialize feedback effects and produce unrealistic workloads. In each case, quantitative and/or qualitative errors result. The second problem is illustrated with a disk scheduling algorithm that gives priority to those requests that are most critical to overall system performance. This change increases overall system performance while decreasing storage subsystem performance (as indicated by subsystem metrics). In all of the experiments, the new methodology is shown to avoid the short-comings of conventional methodology.
Evaluation of 10 GbE links in Grid’5000

This report outline an evaluation of Ethernet links in Grid’5000, a French research grid built with 3000 processors on 9 sites. These sites are connected with dedicated 1 GbE or 10 GbE links. E(cid:14)cient TCP parameters on this kind of links are di(cid:11)erent from Internet links are di(cid:11)erent. We evaluate TCP problems in Grid’5000 links and highlight TCP tuning to obtain good performance in this context.