Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Salmonella enteritidis colonization of the reproductive tract and forming and freshly laid eggs of chickens

Salmonella enteritidis colonizes the tissues of the chicken ovary and oviduct, presumably contaminating eggs and thereby contributing to human outbreaks of salmonellosis. In this study, commercial adult laying hens were given an oral inoculation of 10(8) S. enteritidis organisms. Tissues from various organs, the intestines, and the reproductive tract, including freshly laid eggs, were collected daily for up to 40 days postinoculation (p.i.). Within 2 days p.i. S. enteritidis was detected by culture in pools of the spleen, liver, heart, and gallbladder tissues, in intestinal tissues of all infected birds, and in various sections of the ovary and oviduct. Detection of organisms by immunohistochemical staining was rare for most tissues in spite of their culture-positive status, suggesting a low level of tissue colonization. However, S. enteritidis could be detected by immunohistochemical staining in oviduct tissues associated with four forming eggs, indicating the possibility of a heavier colonization in the egg during its development. In two subsequent experiments, forming eggs taken from the oviduct with their associated tissue, were found to be culture positive for S. enteritidis at a rate of 27.1 and 31.4%, while freshly laid eggs in these experiments were culture positive at the rate of 0 and 0.6%. These observations suggest that while forming eggs are significantly colonized in the reproductive tract, factors within the eggs may control the pathogen before the eggs are laid. The data show that prior to egg deposition, forming eggs are subject to descending infections from colonized ovarian tissue, ascending infections from colonized vaginal and cloacal tissues, and lateral infections from colonized upper oviduct tissues. The data are consistent with an ascending infection of freshly laid eggs from the cloaca, as the incidence of positive eggs in experiments 1 and 3 coincided with heavily contaminated cloacal tissues (50.7 and 80%, respectively), while no positive eggs were detected in experiment 2 when cloacal colonization was low (8.3%). The data do not support the possibility of egg invasion by bacterial translocation from the peritoneal cavity.
New results on convoy tracking by airborne radar. Part II: Tracking performance

This paper deals with tracking of convoys by airborne radar. In [1, 2] a technique was presented to estimate the lateral length component of a convoy. In combination with the conventional range measurement, the full length information can be obtained in case of a linear convoy. The BAYES tracking algorithm presented in [1], which incorporates the length information, is now extended to multiple targets and also handles Doppler measurements. Here we present first numerical results.
Enhancing the effectiveness of Payments for Ecosystem Services (PES)

Given these losses, there is an urgent need for firstly, greater application of policies and incentives to promote the conservation and sustainable use of biodiversity and ecosystem services, and secondly, a more efficient use of available finance in existing biodiversity programmes. PES is a flexible, incentivebased mechanism that has potential to deliver in both of these areas. This Thematic Issue of Science for Environment Policy explores research which can help guide effective PES schemes. Under PES agreements, a user or beneficiary of an ecosystem service provides payments to individuals or communities whose management decisions and practices influence the provision of ecosystem services.
Salt stress and hyperosmotic stress regulate the expression of different sets of genes in Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803.

Acclimation of microorganisms to environmental stress is closely related to the expression of various genes. We report here that salt stress and hyperosmotic stress have different effects on the cytoplasmic volume and gene expression in Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803. DNA microarray analysis indicated that salt stress strongly induced the genes for some ribosomal proteins. Hyperosmotic stress strongly induced the genes for 3-ketoacyl-acyl carrier protein reductase and rare lipoprotein A. Genes whose expression was induced both by salt stress and by hyperosmotic stress included those for heat-shock proteins and the enzymes for the synthesis of glucosylglycerol. We also found that each kind of stress induced a number of genes for proteins of unknown function. Our findings suggest that Synechocystis recognizes salt stress and hyperosmotic stress as different stimuli, although mechanisms common to the responses to each form of stress might also contribute to gene expression.
Multi-attribute decision making approach for strategic planning of DGs

The distributed energy sources technology has progressed from isolated operation to hybrid and now to microgrid operation. The planning strategies initially considered cost-benefit analysis of distributed generation (DG). Later supporting advantages of the hybrid system including improvement of the efficiency were also considered for decision making. With increased complexities in DGs planning options along with multiple attributes to be accounted, more sophisticated techniques are needed to arrive at the correct decisions by decision makers. The analytical hierarchy process (AHP) is proposed to identify the relative significance of the chosen attributes. Proper integration of different attributes can be achieved by linear additive utility function. Further, the uncertainties are accounted by statistical method like interval based multi-attribute decision making (MADM). MADM technique is applied to three cases: conventional grid, hybrid DG operation and micro-grid. The attributes considered are incremental losses, capital costs and percentage time for which demand is not served for ail cases. It is assumed that attributes are not related with each other. The proposed method is demonstrated on a sample system which is derived from a practical system. The effect of loading condition is also considered in the formulation. The results indicate that the proposed decision making technique has an ability to quantify the merits and justify new technology. It is demonstrated that DGs in micro-grid as well as hybrid system are acceptable strategies for low load conditions since they have very small variance of composite distance.
Population magnitudes and distribution of the major modal classes of cat retinal ganglion cell as estimated from HRP filling and a systematic survey of the soma diameter spectra for classical neurones

A survey of diameter spectra in presented for classic neurones of the cat retinal ganglion cell layer. From these, with the aid of retrograde HRP filling for central retina, a set of density distribution maps has been prepared for each of the major modes of the neuronal diameter spectrum. The total population of classical neurones, the presumed ganglion cells of Hughes ('75), confirms published values with a minimum of some 207,000 comprised 5,600 cells in the γ mode, 80,700 cells in the β mode, and 120,700 cells in the γ mode.
A Tetrahydrofolate-Dependent O-Demethylase, LigM, Is Crucial for Catabolism of Vanillate and Syringate in Sphingomonas paucimobilis SYK-6

ABSTRACT Vanillate and syringate are converted into protocatechuate (PCA) and 3-O-methylgallate (3MGA), respectively, by O-demethylases in Sphingomonas paucimobilis SYK-6. PCA is further degraded via the PCA 4,5-cleavage pathway, while 3MGA is degraded through multiple pathways in which PCA 4,5-dioxygenase (LigAB), 3MGA 3,4-dioxygenase (DesZ), and an unidentified 3MGA O-demethylase and gallate dioxygenase are participants. For this study, we isolated a 4.7-kb SmaI fragment that conferred on Escherichia coli the activity required for the conversion of vanillate to PCA. The nucleotide sequence of this fragment revealed an open reading frame of 1,413 bp (ligM), the deduced amino acid sequence of which showed 49% identity with that of the tetrahydrofolate (H4folate)-dependent syringate O-demethylase gene (desA). The metF and ligH genes, which are thought to be involved in H4folate-mediated C1 metabolism, were located just downstream of ligM. The crude LigM enzyme expressed in E. coli converted vanillate and 3MGA to PCA and gallate, respectively, with similar specific activities, and only in the presence of H4folate; however, syringate was not a substrate for LigM. The disruption of ligM led to significant growth retardation on both vanillate and syringate, indicating that ligM is involved in the catabolism of these substrates. The ability of the ligM mutant to transform vanillate was markedly decreased, and this mutant completely lost the 3MGA O-demethylase activity. A ligM desA double mutant completely lost the ability to transform vanillate, thus indicating that desA also contributes to vanillate degradation. All of these results indicate that ligM encodes vanillate/3MGA O-demethylase and plays an important role in the O demethylation of vanillate and 3MGA, respectively.
[Grape seed proanthocyanidins inhibits the invasion and migration of A549 lung cancer cells].

OBJECTIVE To explore the effect of grape seed proanthocyanidins (GSPs) on the invasion and migration of A549 lung cancer cells and the underlying mechanism. METHODS Trypan blue dye exclusion assay was used to determine the cytotoxic effect of varying doses of GSPs on the BEAS-2B normal human pulmonary epithelial cells. After treated with 0, 10, 20, 40, 80 μg/mL GSP, the proliferation of A549 cells was detected by MTT assay; the invasion and migration of A549 cells were determined by Transwell(TM) assay and scratch wound assay, respectively. The levels of epithelial growth factor receptor (EGFR), E-cadherin, N-cadherin in A549 cells treated with GSPs were detected by Western blotting. RESULTS (0-40) μg/mL GSPs had no significant toxic effect on BEAS-2B cells, while 80 μg/mL GSPs had significant cytotoxicity to BEAS-2B cells. The proliferation of A549 cells was significantly inhibited within limited dosage in a dose-dependent manner, and the abilities of invasion and migration of A549 cells were also inhibited. Western blotting showed that the expression of EGFR and N-cadherin decreased, while E-cadherin increased after GSPs treatment. CONCLUSION GSPs could inhibit the abilities of proliferation, invasion and migration of A549 cells, which might be related to the dow-regulation of EGFR and N-cadherin and the up-regulation of E-cadherin.
Haemophagocytic reticulosis. A state of chimerism?

Haemophagocytic reticulosis is characterized by pancytopenia and an increased mass of reticuloendothelial cells in various organs containing engulfed blood cells (see Buist, Jones, and Cavens, 1971; Oehmichen, Narita, and Roloff, 1972; Nezelof and Eliachar, 1973). The pathogenesis is obscure. Autoimmunity, primary histiocytic proliferation, and a graft versus host reaction have been suggested. A case diagnosed during life is described where cytological and immunological studies as well as experiments with erythrophagocytosis in vitro suggest an immune reaction rather than a neoplastic histiocytic proliferation as the pathogenetic mechanism.
Robust control invariant set of linear systems with disturbances

In this paper the schemes to compute robust control invariant sets for linear (uncertain) systems are collected, which are not necessary minimal robust control invariant sets. Firstly, the concept of logarithmic norm is resorted to a simply differential functional inequality. Feedback control laws are obtained for both of the two schemes. In the scheme based on the differential functional inequality, the obtained robust control invariant set is a level set of the storage function.
Investigating the Relationship between Process Management and Organizational Culture: Literature Review and Research Agenda

Managing the business processes of companies is a task which has emerged as a top priority across all industries.However, business process management (BPM) is not just a set of structured methods and technologies which cansimply be assigned to employees. On the contrary, the success of any process initiative is interwoven with the cultureof the respective company. Additionally, in most cases there is not only one organizational culture but a range ofsubcultures within the organization due to previous mergers, existing subsidiaries etc. Despite its importance, theinterrelation between BPM and organizational culture has been only sparsely explored. This paper analyzes the statusquo of academic literature with regard to the interrelation between BPM and organizational culture. The resultsreveal considerable differences in the perception of the interface between both fields. Furthermore, our analysisreveals that the organizational psychological perspective has been widely neglected in process management literature.To the best of our knowledge, this is the first literature review written from both a process management and anorganizational psychological perspective. As such, it strives to contribute to a comprehensive and thoroughunderstanding of this relationship. Based on the review we develop a framework, serving as a basis for a deeperunderstanding of the interdependency and providing avenues for further research.
Influenza-Specific Antibody-Dependent Phagocytosis

Background Immunity to human influenza A virus (IAV) infection is only partially understood. Broadly non-neutralizing antibodies may assist in reducing disease but have not been well characterized. Methods We measured internalization of opsonized, influenza protein-coated fluorescent beads and live IAV into a monocytic cell line to study antibody-dependent phagocytosis (ADP) against multiple influenza hemagglutinin (HA) subtypes. We analyzed influenza HA-specific ADP in healthy human donors, in preparations of intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG), and following IAV infection of humans and macaques. Results We found that both sera from healthy adults and IVIG preparations had broad ADP to multiple seasonal HA proteins and weak cross-reactive ADP to non-circulating HA proteins. The ADP in experimentally influenza-infected macaque plasma and naturally influenza-infected human sera mediated phagocytosis of both homologous and heterologous IAVs. Further, the IAV phagocytosed in an antibody-mediated manner had reduced infectivity in vitro. Conclusion We conclude that IAV infections in humans and macaques leads to the development of influenza-specific ADP that can clear IAV infection in vitro. Repeated exposure of humans to multiple IAV infections likely leads to the development of ADP that is cross-reactive to strains not previously encountered. Further analyses of the protective capacity of broadly reactive influenza-specific ADP is warranted.
Development of Articulatory Competence in Mentally Retarded Children

Mentally retarded children participated in a verbal stimulation program developed at the Institute for Psychophysiological and Speech Disorders, Belgrade, Yugoslavia. Intensive home therapy was associated with an increase in articulatory competence in both moderately and profoundly retarded children. The development of articulation differed between retardate groups as well as with the sequence of normal phonological production. The results suggest that the order in which sounds are introduced into the therapeutic program may be a critical factor in the over-all development of competent articulation.
The Fibrinogen-like Globe of Tenascin-C Mediates Its Interactions with Neurocan and Phosphacan/Protein-tyrosine Phosphatase-ζ/β*

Two nervous tissue-specific chondroitin sulfate proteoglycans, neurocan and phosphacan (the extracellular domain of protein-tyrosine phosphatase-ζ/β), are high-affinity ligands of tenascin-C. Using portions of tenascin-C expressed as recombinant proteins in human fibrosarcoma cells, we have demonstrated both by direct radioligand binding assays and inhibition studies that phosphacan binding is retained in all deletion variants except those lacking the fibrinogen-like globe and that phosphacan binds to this single domain with nearly the same affinity (K d ∼12 nm) as to native or recombinant tenascin-C. However, maximum binding of neurocan requires both the fibrinogen globe and some of the adjacent fibronectin type III repeats. Binding of phosphacan and neurocan to intact tenascin-C, and of phosphacan to the fibrinogen globe, is significantly increased in the presence of calcium. Chondroitinase treatment of the proteoglycans did not affect their binding to either native tenascin-C or to any of the recombinant proteins, demonstrating that these interactions are mediated by the proteoglycan core proteins rather than through the glycosaminoglycan chains. These results are also consistent with rotary shadowing electron micrographs that show phosphacan as a rod terminated at one end by a globular domain that is frequently seen apposed to the fibrinogen globe in mixtures of phosphacan and tenascin-C. C6 glioma cells adhere to and spread on deletion variants of tenascin-C containing only the epidermal growth factor-like domains or the fibronectin type III repeats and the fibrinogen globe. In both cases cell adhesion was inhibited by similar concentrations of phosphacan, demonstrating that the fibrinogen globe is not necessary for this effect, which is apparently mediated by a direct action of phosphacan on the cells rather than by its interaction with the proteoglycan binding site on tenascin-C.
A Framework for SMS Spam and Phishing Detection in Malay Language: a Case Study

Short Message Service (SMS) spam and SMS phishing has been increase nowadays especially in Malay language which is the first language for Malaysia country. Currently, many SMS spam in others language has been proposed, however not yet for Malay language and we are the first to propose these. In addition, this paper also analyst on several frameworks of SMS spam filtering for our SMS spam and phishing detection framework. From the analysis, the chosen framework has been enhanced for Malay SMS spam and phishing. The enhancement has been done on classification phase where our framework proposed dual classification. The classification 1 will classify the SMS into ham and scam SMS. For classification 2, the scam SMS will be classified again into SMS spam and SMS phishing. After dual classifications phase completed, the Malay SMS has been examined using Naive Bayes and J48 unsupervised Machine Learning techniques. The result shows high accuracy in detecting Malay SMS ham, spam and phishing.
JNK inhibition sensitises hepatocellular carcinoma cells but not normal hepatocytes to the TNF-related apoptosis-inducing ligand

Background: cJun terminal kinase (JNK) is constitutively activated in most hepatocellular carcinomas (HCCs), yet its exact role in carcinogenesis remains controversial. While tumour necrosis factor (TNF)-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL) is known as a major mediator of acquired immune tumour surveillance, and is currently being tested in clinical trials as a novel cancer therapy, the resistance of many tumours to TRAIL and concerns about its toxicity in vivo represent obstacles to its clinical application. In this study we investigated whether JNK activity in HCC could contribute to the resistance to apoptosis in these tumours. Methods: The effect of JNK/Jun inhibition on receptor-mediated apoptosis was analysed by pharmacological inhibition or RNA interference in cancer cells and non-tumour cells isolated from human liver or transgenic mice lacking a phosphorylation site for Jun. Results: JNK inhibition caused cell cycle arrest, enhanced caspase recruitment, and greatly sensitised HCC cells but not normal hepatocytes to TRAIL. TRAIL-induced activation of JNK could be effectively interrupted by administration of the JNK inhibitor SP600125. Conclusions: Expression and TRAIL-dependent feedback activation of JNK likely represent a mechanism by which cancer cells escape TRAIL-mediated tumour surveillance. JNK inhibition might represent a novel strategy for specifically sensitising HCC cells to TRAIL thus opening promising therapeutic perspectives for safe and effective use of TRAIL in cancer treatment.
Analyse cinématique de la marche de travailleurs exposés à une surcharge mécanique sur l’articulation fémoro-tibiale (AF-T)

De nombreuses etudes concluent que la charge mecanique supportee par le genou, qu’elle soit reliee a l’obesite, aux sports intenses, a une alteration biomecanique des structures de l’articulation ou a une exposition a des charges lourdes durant les activites occupationnelles, est consideree comme un facteur de risque important au developpement de la gonarthrose. La gonarthrose reliee au travail a ete le sujet de nombreuses etudes et plusieurs d’entre elles ont rapporte une prevalence accrue de la gonarthrose chez les travailleurs de certains domaines en particulier, comme la construction, la pose de plancher, la peinture, l’exploitation miniere, l’agriculture et le travail en atelier et en milieu de la sante. Les personnes qui travaillent dans ces metiers sont exposees a des positions ou des activites nuisibles, comme travailler a genoux ou accroupi, monter des escaliers ou des echelles, transporter des changes lourdes et marcher de facon prolongee. Ces gestes surchargent l’articulation du genou, ce qui cause des modifications aux structures de l’articulation du genou ou aux adaptations neuromusculaires de patron de mouvement du genou. Ces modifications structurelles et adaptations neuromusculaires peuvent apporter des changements cinematiques a la marche qui peuvent initier la gonarthrose ou contribuer a sa progression. L’objectif principal de la presente etude etait d’analyser l’effet d’une surcharge mecanique sur l’articulation femoro-tibiale (AF-T) subie au travail lors d’une tâche de marche et comparer le patron cinematique de l’articulation femoro-tibiale des travailleurs exposes a une surcharge mecanique a celui des travailleurs non exposes. Vingt-quatre travailleurs exposes a une surcharge mecanique et neuf travailleurs non exposes ont participe a l’etude. Les donnees cinematiques de la marche ont ete enregistrees au niveau du genou dans des conditions cliniques en utilisant un systeme de suivi du mouvement electromagnetique. Les parametres suivant ont ete extraits et utilises pour la comparaison des groupes : l’angle maximum lors du contact initial, l’angle ii maximum de flexion durant la reponse a la charge, l’angle minimum au moment de l’appui unipodal et l’etendue max-min du cycle. La comparaison des groupes pour les variables cliniques et cinematiques a ete effectue par l’utilisation de tests-t bilateraux (« Student-t tests ») et de tests ANCOVA utilisant le poids et la vitesse comme covariables. Les travailleurs exposes a une surcharge mecanique presentaient un plus grand angle de flexion de l’articulation femoro-tibiale au contact initial, durant la reponse au chargement et a la phase unipodale et ils ont demontre une etendue d’angle moindre que les travailleurs non exposes. Nous croyons que les donnees cinematiques de la marche peuvent donner des idees sur les facteurs biomecaniques qui pourraient predisposer les travailleurs au developpement ou a la progression de la gonarthrose. Une meilleure comprehension de ces facteurs pourrait etre un premier pas vers le…