Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Small Cell Lung Cancer: Current and Future Strategies

Small cell lung cancer (SCLC) represents approximately 15% of all lung cancer diagnoses and over the last 20 years, in the Western world, the proportion of patients with SCLC has decreased to 13% due to world campaign for smoking cessation. Due to high growth fraction of the disease, to early dissemination with widespread metastases and also to early development of drug resistance, the treatment of SCLC remains discouraging. The median survival time without treatment is 2-4 months and with treatment the 5-year survival rate remains low at <7% overall and the most of the patients relapse within one year after first-line treatment. Chemotherapy with a platinum regimen and etoposide is the gold of standard of treatment for limited (LD) and extensive disease (ED), by adding radical thoracic radiotherapy for patients with good performance status, with LD. The new TNM classification should be used also for SCLC. For the patients who have any response is indicated the prophylactic cranial irradiation (PCI) due to high risk of brain metastases. The benefit from second-line therapy is limited and maintenance therapy did not appear to improve overall survival (OS) or progression free survival (PFS) for patients with SCLC. Many targeted agents have been investigated in LD and ED, almost all of them in unselected populations, but also with pessimistic results. Due to unchanged therapeutic options for almost four decades, is required desperately to understand better the molecular basis of SCLC and to proceed in to clinical trials for new drugs and targeted agents.
Analysis of Competitiveness and Factors Affecting Indonesia's Selected Commodity Exports to Developing Eight Countries (D-8)

Indonesia's exports to major trading partners show a declining trend in recent years. So that market diversification is important so that exports do not fully depend on the main trading partners. Looking at the development of Indonesia's exports to the Developing Eight Countries (D-8), this region can become a potential market to increase exports. This study aimed to analyze the competitiveness of commodities, and the factors that affect Indonesia's commodity exports to (D-8). The analysis period from 2009 to 2018 uses Revealed Comparative Advantage (RCA), Intra Industry Trade (IIT), Export Dynamic Product (EPD), and Gravity Model using panel data regression. Based on the results of RCA and EPD analysis, Indonesian commodities are able to compete and occupy a variety of positions, namely the Rising Star, Falling Star, Lost Oportunity, and Retreat positions. The IIT results show that most of Indonesia's trade relations with D-8 member countries are one-way (No Integration). Factors that influence exports are, GDP, real exchange rates, commodity prices, economic distances with different results for each commodity.
FIRST PRINCIPLE SIMULATIONS OF FE/MGO/FE MAGNETIC TUNNEL JUNCTIONS FOR APPLICATIONS IN MAGNETORESISTIVE RANDOM ACCESS MEMORY BASED CELL PHONE ARCHITECTURES

Fe/MgO/Fe magnetic tunnel junctions (MTJs) have been reported to have very high tunnel magnetoresistance (TMR) ratios. In this work, we present the results of First Principle simulations of Fe/ MgO/Fe MTJs with LSDA as the exchange correlation. The I-V characteristics in the antiparallel magnetization state exhibit strong features. The bias dependence of the TMR ratio shows nearly 100% TMR ratios for bias voltages up to 1.5 Volts. The MgO thickness dependence of the tunnel resistance shows the expected exponential increase in the tunnel resistance. The write energy per bit and power consumption have been computed for a bias voltage of 0.5 Volts. The Fe/MgO/Fe MTJs are the most widely used MTJs, integrated with NMOS transistors, in the form of MTJ based Magnetoresistive Random Access Memory (MRAM) which is an advanced memory technology operating at the nano scale. MRAMs are spintronic devices.
CHARACTERIZATION AND IN VITRO EFFICACY STUDIES OF WIDE HOST RANGE LYTIC BACTERIOPHAGE ΦDMEC-1 INFECTING ESCHERICHIA COLI ISOLATED FROM PYOGENIC SKIN INFECTIONS

The main objectives of the present study was to characterize the bacteria Escherichia coli isolated from patients infected with pyogenic skin infections and bacteriophage isolated from the cocktail of sewage samples. The study was also focussed to evaluate the stability and in vitro efficacy of bacteriophage lytic activity against multidrug resistant E. coli. A total of 83 bacteria among 114 samples were isolated from the patients of pyogenic skin infections of three major hospitals of Davangere city, examined over a period of twelve months. Escherichia coli were found to be one among four major causative agents including Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aerugeinosa and Proteus mirabilis. Four E. coli strains were isolated by following standard conventional microbiological methods and screened for multidrug resistance by disc diffusion method. The taxonomical identification by conventional microbiological studies of E. coli was confirmed by 16S rRNA gene sequencing and phylogenetic analysis. Among the tested E. coli isolates 3 were resistant to most of the antibiotics and one against all the antibiotics tested. The mixture of sewage originated from hospital, municipal and domestic waste was used as source for the isolation of potent bacteriophage ΦDMEC-1 having lytic activity against multidrug resistant E. coli. The phage was identified as belonging to the family Siphoviridae and characterized for host range and stability in terms of lytic after different time intervals of storage. The phage retained lytic activity against the host for 3 months period. The present study reveals that E. coli strains are one among the major bacterial causative agents of pyogenic skin infections which are multidrug resistant. Highly potent and stable Bacteriophage ΦDMEC-1 isolated from the sewage cocktail showing good lytic activity on multi drug resistant DMEC-1 and has a broad host range on E. coli strains isolated. The study shows the prevalence of multidrug resistant E. coli in pyogenic skin infections and further insists to study on other multidrug resistant bacteria. The study also has an impact on isolation of bacteriophages as an alternative to antibiotics, to fight on the threatening act of various multidrug resistant bacteria.
Prevalence of Pre-hypertension and Hypertension in Rural Tamil Nadu Populations – A Pilot Study Report from Pandithamedu of Paiyanoor Village of Kancheepuram, Tamil Nadu, India

Community based cohort studies from different parts of the world for a period of three to six decades showed an increase in the prevalence of hypertension about 30 times among the urban dwellers and by about 10 times among the rural inhabitants. Prevalence of hypertension in India as cited in literatures has been on an increasing trend. However most of the studies are from urban population. More studies are needed based on rural Indian scenario. The high frequency of pre-hypertension and hypertension are very closely associated with the epidemic of cardiovascular and renal diseases. Evidences suggest that control of hypertension not only reduces the risk of cardiovascular diseases, but also slows down the progression of chronic kidney diseases. With this background, the present study was conducted from a rural population of Tamil Nadu to study the prevalence of hypertension as well as to increase the awareness on the importance of life style modifications. Such studies in the nearby villages of our institution indicate a high prevalence of pre-hypertension and hypertension among the rural populations.
Pathology ( IJFP ) ISSN 2332-287 X Langerhans Cell-The Destination of Migration

LCs are antigen-presenting cells (APCs) in the skin that compose about 3-5% of the epidermis [1]. LCs are originated from bone marrow, and LCs have some granules possessing abilities of migration [2, 3]. LCs seems to play a redundant function in contact hypersensitivity [4]. In chronic contact hypersensitivity, presenting applied hapten to T cells require LCs [5]. When irritant substances go into the skin, LCs capture the irritant substances and migrate to the draining lymph nodes as they mature, and then LCs present the irritant peptide to T cells [6-9]. Now, CXCR4 [10], CCR7 [10] MDR-1 [11], IL-1β [12, 13] and TNF-α [13] are known as related factors for migration and maturation of LCs.
Charge Injection & Clock Feed through Reduction Technique in Switched Capacitor Circuit

Switched capacitor circuits fill a critical role in analog/digital interfaces particularly highly integrated applications. The switched capacitor circuits are introduced for better performance and reduced area in CMOS technology for both analog and digital functions. Basically switched capacitor circuits are combination of switches and capacitor. And this combination of switches and capacitor replaces the resistor by passes charge into and out of capacitors by controlling the switches. This chapter describes the basic building blocks and non-ideal effects of switched capacitor circuits. Channel charge injection and clock feed-through are two major non-ideal effects existing in switched capacitor circuit. This paper analysis the charge injection and clock feed through error in CMOS switched capacitor circuits. For this reason, the basic S/H topology is used.
Victimizing Researchers by Phishing

Dear Editor, We read the brief report by Khadem-Rezaiyan and Moghadam, “Hijacking by Email: A New Fraud Method” (1), and would like to present some details and correct some issues in their report. We applaud these authors for increasing awareness of the problem. It appears that the phenomenon is growing faster than attempts to expose it and eliminate it. In paragraph two, the authors used the word “highjack,” while the correct word is “hijack,” which according to the Oxford dictionary (2), includes three different meanings: 1. Illegally seize (an aircraft, ship, or vehicle) while in transit and force it to go to a different destination or use it for one’s own purposes. 2. Steal (goods) by seizing them in transit. 3. Takeover (something) and use it for a different purpose In the academic world, we usually use the term “hijack,” to reflect the third concept. For instance, we use it for exposing hijacked journals. These appear as websites produced under a slightly different name than the websites of the legitimate journals from which they were copied. Researchers are encouraged to submit papers that receive little or no review, have exorbitant page charges, are seldom read or cited, and disappear after the legitimate journals take legal action. This may seem like a mere quibble, but we suggest that this particular fraudulent practice involving scam emails, might better be designated by the term “phishing” instead of “Hijacking by Email. ” The authors presented two examples that they believe are a type of “Hijacking by Email. ” Actually, they really do not involve hijacking, as no papers are ever published. Indeed, they are clearly phishing attacks. In phishing attacks, hackers use fraudulent emails to lure responders to their fake websites (3). Any sensitive information entered at the fake websites becomes the property of the phishers, as mentioned in the example given by Khadem-Rezaiyan and Moghadam. Phishers then use such data in their subsequent attacks, which contain exact information about researchers once again directing them to a phishing website. Most of these phishing attacks have financial goals, with the gathered information being used for hacking credit cards. Nowadays, a new type of scam is appearing. Some sites and companies claim that they can share authors’ publications such as eBooks and papers between many researchers. They state that their main goal is to promote the books and papers. They list authors’ books as free ebooks, always say there have been more downloads already, and have one-word reviews that are always the same for each of them. They get the credit card numbers from authors and others who sign up, charge them monthly, but seldom have any eBooks. They do not stop the monthly charges after complaints, so applicants are forced have to close their credit card accounts. As mentioned in the report, there are many frauds affecting scholarly publication. Among these are: faked declarations, tempting impact factors, email spoofing, cheating publishers, fake editorial boards, and fake conferences (4). These frauds are proliferating, and researchers should be aware of all of them.
A Review of MEMS Based Piezoelectric Energy Harvester for Low Frequency Applications

This paper presents a review of MEMS based piezoelectric energy harvesting for low frequency and low power applications. An introduction to MEMS and its components along with the concept of energy harvesting is presented. The paper also presents a device configuration of cantilever based basic components of MEMS energy harvesters, i.e. unimorph, bimorph. Results of different designs for MEMS energy harvesters are reviewed and presented.
Performance Analysis of Adaptive Image Denoising Techniques for Different Levels of Wavelet Decomposition using Orthogonal and Compactly Supported Wavelet Families

 Abstract — This paper presents performance analysis of image denoising techniques using different orthogonal and compactly supported wavelets functions of various vanishing moments. The wavelet-based methods such as universal thresholding, level-adaptive and subband-adaptive thresholding are compared with the state-of-the-art Wiener filtering. The wavelet coefficients are modeled by the generalized Gaussian distribution random variables within the subbands. A minimal threshold is calculated from the noise standard deviation of the diagonal subband of the first decomposition level. Then the soft thresholding scheme is applied. The procedure of noise reduction is applied with Daubechies, Symlets and Coiflets wavelet functions of different vanishing moment upto forth decomposition levels. Then the efficiency and performance of these image denoising techniques are compared based on their Peak Signal to Noise Ratios and visual perception. The wavelet domain thresholding is evaluated and examines some improvements for different image complexities contaminated by Gaussian noise of various densities.
Adaptive fuzzy sliding mode control for gantry crane as varying rope length

Abstract: Gantry crane is used quite commonly in hazardous areas, which increasingly requires strict conrol of the gantry crane operation process to improve efficiency and ensure safe gantry crane opeartion. Automated the gantry crane operating process is being applied pupular currently. Gantry crane is often affected by large noise, having the varyingmodel parameters, so that proposed a apdaptive fuzzy combining sliding mode controller for the gantry crane in this article. This control method derived from combining the sliding surfaces of three subsystem of the gantry crane (trolley position, rope length, anti-swing) to draw out two system sliding surfaces: the trolley positon with the anti-swing and the rope length and the anti-swing. On the based of the sliding mode control principle,drawn out the equivalent controller and the switching controller for gantry crane. But due to the uncertain parameters nonlinear model of gantry crane with the bound disturbances, combining the fuzzy approximate method, defined the fuzzy controller (used to minic the equivalent controller) and the compensation controller for the difference between the equivalent controller and the fuzzy controller (used as the switching controller) for two system control inputs: trolley position and rope length The adaptive control laws for these controllers were deduced from Lyapunov’s stable criteria to asymptotically stabilize the sliding surfaces. Simulation results demonstrated the feasibility of the suggested method through grantry crane in the hazard areas. Keyword: gantry crane, adaptive controller, adaptive fuzzy controller, sliding mode control, varying rope length
A Study on Routing Components and Routing Approaches in Sensor Network

A sensor network is an adhoc network defined under the energy constraints. As the communication is performed over the network, some amount of energy is lost by each participating nodes. One of the effective network operations is routing. Route optimization in sensor network depends on different routing elements. In this paper, these routing elements are discussed and explored. The paper has also discussed various challenges associated with network routing. In this paper, different routing approaches under different network architectures is presented and explored.
SMART SAILING ROBOT FOR OCEANOGRAPHIC RESEARCH

Over the past decade there has been intense scientific work on autonomous sailing robots. As hardware gets smaller, cheaper and also better performing the possibilities increase for autonomous vessels. Recently there is a lot of research going on with the aim of reducing CO2 emissions. Smart sailing robot fit perfectly into these ambitions. A robotic sailboat is able to autonomously navigate towards any given target without human control or intervention. The optimal route is calculated dependent on strategic goals and weather parameters. Rudder and sails are autonomously controlled in order to keep course and to execute maneuvers like tack and jibe. As sailboats operate in a highly dynamic, environment an autonomous sailboat has to respond quickly to everchanging environmental conditions. Incoming data from sensors (GPS, compass, etc.) have to be analyzed permanently by intelligent control mechanisms. The best routing decision, perfect handling of ever changing wind conditions and perfect timing during tack and jibe are some of the skills an autonomous sailing vessel has to master.
Network-on-Chip: A New SoC Communication Infrastructure Paradigm

— As the feature size in deep-submicron domain is continuously shrinking and the bandwidth requirements is increasing, traditional shared-bus architecture will no longer be able to meet the requirements of System-on-Chip (SoC) implementations. Specially, inherently non-scalable nature of the shared-bus architecture as well as its power hungry nature will become the communication bottleneck in most practical applications.
Report and Opinion

Squash leaf curl virus (SqLCV) was isolated from squash plants cultivated in Fayoum Governorate. Field inspection of squash leaf curl viral disease was determined according to visual symptoms. Squash plants naturally diseased with SqLCV showed systemic viral symptoms of leaf curling, leaf crinkle, vein banding, fruit malformation and stunting. Virus was confirmed using PCR. Bemisia tabaci insect was able to transmit SqLCV from infected to healthy squash seedlings. The resultant purified virus preparation gave a UV spectrum typical of nucleoprotein. Maximum and minimum absorbance was recorded at 257 and 245 nm, respectively. The purified virus yield obtained in this study was 1.1 mg/ml/100g leaf tissues using the extraction coefficient of 7.7. Light microscopy was used to recognize the effect of Squash leaf curl virus (SqLCV) on the anatomy structure of different organelles such as stem, leaf petiole and leaf blade. The results obtained showed that: Infection of squash plants by Squash leaf curl virus (SqLCV) led to a decrease in stem section diameter by (10.9%), this decrease was due to the decrease in average diameter of cavity by (33.3%). While, other stem components measurements were showed an increase in its measurements; infection of squash plants by SqLCV decreased the section diameter of leaf petiole by (24.4%), this decrease resulted from the decrease in average thickness of ground tissue by 25% and decrease of average diameter of cavity by 17.9%. While, the other leaf petiole components was less affected; squash leaves were greatly affected as a result of the infection Squash leaf curl virus (SqLCV). This infection was led to an increase in midvein dimension by (22.2% x 28.0%). This increase resulted from the increase in midvein vascular bundle dimension by (127.3 x 76.9%). Electron microscopy was used to recognize the internal changes on internal organelles due to infection of Squash leaf curl virus (SqLCV). The results obtained showed that, severe damage in chloroplasts including thylakoids in grana; uneven thickening in the cell walls resulted from developing the curly symptoms in squash leaves; severe damage in mitochondria; aggregates of cytoplasm; nucleus becomes swelled. [Mohamed E.F. , Azza G. Faragm, Osman T.A. M and Eman A.A. Histo-Pathological Changes in Leaves Cells of Squash Plants infected with Squash leaf curl begomovirus (SqLCV). Rep Opinion 2012;4(5):65-75]. (ISSN: 1553-9873). http://www.sciencepub. net/report. 11
An Efficient Data Locality Driven Task Scheduling Algorithm for Cloud Computing Vaishali W. Thawari

Large scale data processing is increasingly common in Cloud Computing systems like Hadoop, Mapreduce etc. In these systems, files are split into many small blocks and all blocks are replicated over several servers. To process files efficiently, each job is divided into many tasks and each task is allocated to a server to deal with a file block. Because network bandwidth is a scarce resource in these systems. Enhancing task data locality (placing tasks on servers that contain their input blocks) is crucial for the job completion time. Although there have been many approaches on improving data locality, most of them either are greedy and ignore global optimization, or suffer from high computation complexity. To address these problems, we propose a heuristic task scheduling algorithm in which an initial task allocation will be produced at first, and then the job completion time can be reduced gradually by tuning the initial task allocation. By taking a global view, the algorithm can adjust data locality dynamically according to network state and cluster workload.
Distance Based Advanced Energy Efficient Cluster Head Selection Techniques for Wireless Sensor Networks

 Abstract — Energy is the main constraint for nodes powered by batter, in Wireless Sensor Network (WSN), which can’t be replace latter once deployed. To extend the network lifetime, hierarchical routing is employed. In this paper we aim to improve network lifetime by using LEACH based protocol by considering residual energy and distance of nodes in WSN. We adopt dynamic clustering with dynamic selection of cluster heads in first round and static clustering with dynamic selection of cluster heads from second round. One more reason for network to die early is unbalance cluster size, to handle that number of nodes in the cluster is fixed to a predefined value. In this paper, based on Low Energy Adaptive Clustering Hierarchy (LEACH) protocols, distance-based energy aware (DBEA-LEACH) additionally selects a cluster head not only based on distance, but also by examining residual energy of the node greater than the average residual energy level of nodes in the network. We propose the improved LEACH protocol for first node die time (FDT) enhancement. The result’s reveal that changes made selection process of a cluster head improves the network efficiency. The approach is to vary the cluster head selection probability along with the threshold level. The protocol works to prolong the first node die time (FND).