Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Biological and Phytochemical Screening of Tephrosia purpurea extract on Chemically Induced Hepatocellular Carcinoma with Reference to Biochemical Parameters

Tephrosia purpurea possesses hepatoprotective activity as evidenced by the significant and dose dependent restoring the activities of entire liver cancer marker enzymes, diminution in tumor incidence, decrease in lipid peroxidation (LPO) and increase in the level of antioxidant enzymes (GSH, CAT, SOD, GPx and GST) through scavenging of free radicals, or by enhancing the activity of antioxidant, which then detoxify free radicals. These factors protect cells from ROS damage in NDEA and CCl4-induced hepatocarcinogenesis. Histopathological observations of liver tissues too correlated with the biochemical observations. Thus, present investigation suggested that the Tephrosia purpurea would exert a chemoprotective effect by reversing the oxidant-antioxidant imbalance during hepatocarcinogenesis induced by NDEA and CCl4. Besides Tephrosia purpurea is very much effective in preventing NDEA-induced multistage hepatocarcinogenesis possibly through antioxidant and antigenotoxic nature, which was confirmed by various liver injury and biochemical tumour markers enzymes. The hepatoprotective activity of aTephrosia purpurea of 50 % ethanolic extract was studied using rats. The animals received a single intraperitoneal injection of N-nitrosodiethylamine 200mg/kg body wt followed by subcutaneous injection of CCl4 in a dose of 3 ml/kg body wt.Tephrosia purpureaextract dose dependently and significantly the increase in serum hepatic enzyme levels after NDEAand CCl4 treatment compared to the toxin control group. The results of this study confirmed the antioxidant and hepatoprotective activity of the Tephrosia purpurea extract against carbon tetrachlorideand N-nitrosodiethylamine induced hepatotoxicity in rats.
Repeated Hepatic Resection for Recurrent Hepatocellular Carcinoma - In 15 Cases.

肝細胞癌肝切除耐術例106例の肝再発61例中の15例に再切除を行った. 1か月ごとにα-fetoprotein (AFP), 3～4か月ごとに超音波ないしcomputed tomographyによる追跡を行い, AFP陰性で7例の再発を発見した. 術式は1区域1例, 亜区域2例, 部分切除12例と初回より少量肝切除が多かった. 腫瘍最大径は15例中7例が20mm以下の細小肝癌であった. 2例を開胸経横隔膜的に切除した. 大部分の症例に対して血行遮断をせず, マイクロ波メス, 超音波吸引破砕装置を用いて肝切除を行った. 術中出血量は平均1,160mlで, 術死はなかった. 再切除後累積生存率は1年83%, 3, 5年40%で, 初回肝切除後全経過でも3年87%, 5年58%, 7年46%と良好な予後を得た. 肝切除後のAFP値および線密な画像診断の追跡により早期に再発を発見し, 種々の工夫のもとで肝再切除を行って, 治療法として肝再発例の25%に肝再切除を行い, 良好な結果を得た.
The Antibacterial Activity of Barberry Root and Fennel Seed Extracts Individually and in Combination with Nisin and Sodium Diacetate Against Escherichia coli O157:H7

Background: One of the most important health challenges is to deal with infectious diseases due to their high prevalence. Since resistance of pathogens to antimicrobial compounds is rising, more studies are performed to develop new antimicrobial agents. Herbs are one of the best sources to achieve the goal. Objectives: The current study aimed at examining the possible antibacterial activity of the barberry root and fennel seed extracts individually and in combination with sodium diacetate and nisin against Escherichia coli O157:H7. Methods: Extract of the barberry root and fennel seed were prepared by soaking in ethanol 80% and analyzed by high-performance thin-layer chromatography and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry, respectively. Antimicrobial activity of the extracts was detected by disk diffusion and broth microdilution methods in triplicate. Results: Nisin showed the highest antibacterial activity against E. coli O157:H7 followed by the extracts of barberry root and fennel seed, and sodium diacetate. The data were consistent with the results of the disk diffusion test. Moreover, a significant difference was observed between antibacterial activity of nisin and sodium diacetate individually, and in combination with the extracts. Conclusions: The results of the current study showed that the inhibitory effects of sodium diacetate and nisin combined with barberry root and fennel seed extracts were higher compared to their individual effects; it leads to the application of lower amounts of sodium diacetate and nisin in combination with herbal extracts and highly prevents their individual side effects such as toxicity and organoleptic changes.
Investigating the Role of the Chromatin Factor SIRT6 in Metabolism of Squamous Cell Carcinoma

Epigenetic alterations and metabolic reprogramming are two critical emerging features of cancer. However, in Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma (HNSCC), how epigenetic changes or metabolic alterations may influence establishment and progression of squamous cell carcinomas remains basically unknown. Especially, lack of understanding of these alterations in a particular cell type or in a particular stage of SCC prompted us to investigate their roles in squamous cell carcinogenesis. In this PhD thesis, using a combination of human cell lines, a Genetically Engineered Mouse Model (GEMM) of SCC where I conditionally deleted SIRT6, and biochemical studies, I demonstrated that: 1) SIRT6, an histone H3K9 and H3K56 deacetylase, acts as a robust tumor suppressor in both human HNSCC and in an in vivo mouse model of cutaneous SCC. 2) Increased glycolysis by loss of SIRT6 is essential for tumor cell growth and maintenance 3) Using LC-MS metabolic profiling and C-labeled glucose, I uncovered a role for SIRT6 in regulating the oxidative Pentose Phosphate Pathway (PPP). The oxidative PPP is important for generation of antioxidant molecules such as NADPH and GSH and de novo nucleotide synthesis. 4) SIRT6 deficiency especially enriches for Tumor Propagating Cells (TPCs) by elevating gene expression involved in glucose metabolism, antioxidant responses, and stemness, contributing to a more
Comparison of Cardiopulmonary Function Changes during Wheelchair Propulsion : Backrest Angle

[Purpose] Changes in cardiopulmonary function during wheelchair propulsion on a treadmill were measured using wheelchairs according to backrest angle adjustment. [Methods] Twenty-two healthy male subjects were the subjects. Oxygen consumption (VO2, ml/min), heart rate (HR, beats/min), carbon dioxide emissions (VCO2, ml/ min), oxygen uptake per body weight (VO2, ml/kg/min), and respiration frequency (Rf) were used as the measurement variables for cardiopulmonary data. [Results] The peak value, average value and value at rest were compared. When resting, the value did not differ except for VO2, and the peak value, did not differ except for VCO2. However, the average value in all except VO2/kg (at 13 degrees) was significantly lower than 3 degrees (93°). [Conclusion] A 13° wheelchair backrest angle (103°) provides a lower cardiopulmonary workload than the base angle (3°). A training program for good seating and posture needs to be provided
Telmisartan - An effective antihypertensive for 24-hour blood pressure control

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Effects of Polygonatum sibiricum Polysaccharides (PSP) on Human Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma (ESCC) via NF-κB Signaling Pathway

Objective. To explore the effects of different concentrations of Polygonatum sibiricum polysaccharides (PSP) on human esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) cell line Eca109 and explore the new approach for the treatment of ESCC. Methods. Eca109 cells were divided into 5 groups, including one control group and 4 experimental groups where the concentrations of PSP used were 50, 100, 200, and 400 μg/mL. The proliferation rate of Eca109 cells in each group was measured with the CCK8 assay, and the apoptosis rate in each group was analyzed by flow cytometry; the in vitro scratch assay was used to determine the migration ability of Eca109 cells after PSP treatment; the expression levels of IL-1, IL-6, IL-10, TNF-α, and TGF-β were measured by RT-PCR, and the expression levels of TLR4 and proteins that are related to NF-κB signaling pathways were determined by Western blot. Results. PSP significantly inhibited the proliferation of Eca109 cells (p<0.05) on a time- and dose-dependent manner; the apoptosis rates of Eca109 cells in experimental groups were significantly increased after 48 h of culture (p<0.05); PSP significantly reduced the migration and invasion ability of Eca109 cells (p<0.05); RT-PCR results showed that the expression of IL-10 in Eca109 cells increased significantly after treatment with PSP (p<0.05), while the expression of IL-1, IL-6, TNF-α, and TGF-β decreased significantly (p<0.05). Compared with the control group, the expression level of TLR4, NF-κB/p50, and NF-κB/p65 protein in each experimental group was significantly lower than that in the control group (p<0.05). Conclusions. PSP significantly inhibited the proliferation, invasion, and migration of Eca109 cells and promoted cell apoptosis. These observed effects were probably due to the PSP’s inhibition on the NF-κB signaling pathway in Eca109 cells via the regulation of the TLR4 expression.
A COMPARATIVE STUDY OF INTRATHECAL HYPERBARIC BUPIVACAINE 0.5% & INTRATHECAL ISOBARIC ROPIVACAINE 0.5% FOR QUALITY AND DURATION OF ANAESTHESIA AND POST-OPERATIVE ANALGESIA IN PATIENTS UNDERGOING LOWER LIMB SURGERIES

BACKGROUND: Spinal anaesthesia is the standard technique for lower limb surgeries. Ropivacaine, a long acting amide type of local anaesthetic reduces potential toxicity, improves relative sensory and motor blockade and has higher threshold for cardiotoxicity and neurotoxicity. AIM: To compare the efficacy and advantages of isobaric Ropivacaine over hyperbaric Bupivacaine. DESIGN: Randomized double-blinded trial. METHODS: Sixty patients were randomly allocated to receive intrathecally either 3ml of 0.5% hyperbaric bupivacaine (Group C) or 3ml of 0.5% isobaric ropivacaine (Group B). RESULTS: Both the groups were demographically statistically insignificant. Onset of sensory block at L1 (p=0.000) and the median time of onset of sensory block at T10 (p<0.01) was statistically significant. Group B achieved lower levels of peak sensory block compared to group C (p<0.0001). The time taken to achieve maximum motor blockade (group B 9±2.03 min and group C 5±1.55 min) and the time of onset of maximum motor block were delayed with group B compared to group C (p=0.000). The mean duration of analgesia (p<0.05) and the mean duration of motor blockade (p<0.05), return of Bromage to zero (P=0.000) with group B was less when compared to group C and was statistically significant. CONCLUSION: Isobaric Ropivacaine 0.5% (study group B) provides lesser grade of motor blockade and shorter duration of both sensory and motor blockade for short duration orthopaedic surgeries where prolonged motor blockade is quite undesirable and early mobilization can be planned.
TUKHME KHURFA (PORTULACA OLERACEAE LINN.) A PLANT ORIGIN DRUG OF UNANI MEDICINE: AN OVERVIEW

Unani system of medicine has a long therapeutic history for treatment of a variety of diseases. This system comprises of various plant, animal and mineral origin drugs. Tukhme Khurfa, seeds of Portulaca oleraceae Linn. is an important herbal drugs which have hypoglycemic activity, musakkin (sedative), munauwwim (hypnotic), mudirr-i-bawl (diuretic), antioxidant activity, hepatoprotective activity, anticonvulsant activity, anti-inflammatory activity; is recommended for the various disease like Dhayabitus (diabetes), hummiyate harra, sudae harra (headache), shiddate atash (excessive thirst), surfa harra (acute cough), sozish-i-mi’da (inflamation of stomach), sozish-i-jigar (inflammation of liver), sozish-i-bole (urinary tract infection), sarsam (meningitis) etc. The present article reviews the various classical information, chemicals and reported pharmacological activities of the drug and concluded that it is very promising drugs in respect to its traditional claim proven after contemporary research.
Evaluating Preference-Seeking and Aversive Qualities of Salvia divinorum and Mitragyna speciosa

ii DEDICATION . iii ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS . iv TABLE OF CONTENTS . v INTRODUCTION . 1 METHODS . 8 RESULTS . 12 DISCUSSION . 14 LIST OF REFERENCES . 18 LIST OF APPENDICES . 23 VITA . 28
Formulation and Evaluation of Betamethasone Sodium Phosphate Loaded Nanoparticles for Ophthalmic Delivery

Betamethasone sodium phosphate is a potent glucocorticoid with anti-inflammatory activity and can be used in treatment of macular edema. The aim of this work is to formulate and investigate mucoadhesive chitosan-sodium alginate nanoparticles as new vehicle for the prolonged topical ophthalmic delivery of betamethasone sodium phosphate. Ionotropic gelation method was used to produce betamethasone loaded chitosan alginate nanoreservoir system. The effect of changing different formulation parameters (pH of chitosan solution, sodium alginate concentration, calcium chloride concentration, chitosan concentration, drug concentration and the addition of tween 80) on the physicochemical properties and in vitro release of the drug loaded nanoparticles was studied. The mean particle size ranged from 16.8 to 692 nm and the zeta potential generally ranged from +18.49 to +29.83 mV depending on the formulation conditions. The highest encapsulating efficiency obtained was 64%. In vitro release studies showed an initial burst release of the drug followed by slow sustained release over 24, 48 or 72 hours depending on the formulation parameters. The in vivo studies carried out for two selected formulations showed the release of 84%, 59.5% of the drug over 12 hours for both F3C and F12 respectively. The results of physicochemical properties of F3C and F12 upon storage showed good stability at both 25°C and 40°C as the drug content was within the accepted range, the pH was (5–7) and the mean particle size for both formulations over the three months was still interesting for ophthalmic application. The results of this study suggest that chitosan alginate nanoparticles would be a promising system for the sustained release delivery of betamethasone sodium phosphate to the posterior segment of the eye.
Bio-Synthesis and Characterization of Titanium Dioxide Nanoparticles (TiO2) Using Azadirachta indica Leaf (Neem Leaf) Extract

Nanotechnology is the branch of science which deals with matter having at least one dimension sized from 1-100 nm. Materials reduced to nano scale can show different properties compared to what they exhibit on macro scale. Generally, properties of nanoparticles depend on size, shape, composition morphology and crystalline International Journal of Current Microbiology and Applied Sciences ISSN: 2319-7706 Volume 8 Number 10 (2019) Journal homepage: http://www.ijcmas. com
Sorted Min-Max-Mean Filter for Removal of High Density Impulse Noise

This paper presents an improved Sorted-Min-Max-Mean Filter (SM3F) algorithm for detection and removal of impulse noise from highly corrupted image. This method uses a single algorithm for detection and removal of impulse noise. Identification of the corrupted pixels is performed by local extrema intensity in grayscale range and these corrupted pixels are removed from the image by applying SM3F operation. The uncorrupted pixels retain its value while corrupted pixel’s value will be changed by the mean value of noise-free pixels present within the selected window. Different images have been used to test the proposed method and it has been found better outcomes in terms of both quantitative measures and visual perception. For quantitative study of algorithm performance, Mean Square Error (MSE), Peak-Signal-to-Noise Ratio (PSNR) and image enhancement factor (IEF) have been used. Experimental observations show that the presented technique effectively removes high density impulse noise and also keeps the originality of pixel’s value. The performance of proposed filter is tested by varying noise density from 10% to 90% and it is observed that for impulse noise having 90% noise density, the maximum PSNR value of 30.03 dB has been achieved indicating better performance of the SM3F algorithm even at 90% noise level. The proposed filter is simple and can be used for grayscale as well as color images for image restoration.
Lactic Acid Bacteria in Shellfish: Possibilities and Challenges

Abstract Several investigations have investigated the gut microbiota in shellfish species, but less information is available on the favorable gut bacteria colonizing the GI tract, the lactic acid bacteria (LAB), and these studies have revealed the presence of Carnobacterium, Enterococcus, Lactobacillus, Lactococcus, Leuconostoc, Pediococcus, Streptococcus, Vagococcus, and Weissella. Identification of LAB in shellfish digestive tract are equally distributed between culture methods and culture-independent techniques. In the majority of the studies, the LAB are identified from the whole intestine or intestinal contents, while less studies have evaluated the autochthonous LAB. Some LAB isolated from shellfish are able to produce antibacterial substances towards different potential fish pathogenic bacteria. They also play an important role in improving the feed utilization and act as effective growth promoters in shellfish, and increase diseases resistance of shellfish culture against infectious bacteria and virus. In addition, enhancement of rearing water quality and increase the resistance against stressful condition have been recorded in shellfish fed LAB diets. LAB effects on the shellfish innate immune system are mostly studied in shrimp. In addition to LAB species studied in finfish or mammal systems, autochthonous strains of LAB are also used for studies. Generally, LAB-treated shellfish (crustaceans, mollusk, and Echinodermata) significantly improve innate immune parameters and display an increased survival rate from pathogen infections. Some of the studies indicate that the treatment of LAB mixture shows better immunomodulatory effects than that of a single strain of LAB. Studies of the underlying mechanisms of shellfish innate immune regulation are required for the identification of species-specific probiotics and the correct assessment of immunological effects. The present review paper focuses on recent findings in the field of isolation and detection of LAB in the GI tract of shellfish, some information on their presence in hepatopancreas and in muscle, their administration as probiotic, their mode of action, and their interaction with shellfish immune responses.
Case Report: Atypical Clinical and Radiological Presentation of Juvenile Nasopharyngeal Angiofibroma

Juvenile nasopharyngeal angiofibroma (JNA) constitutes less than 0.5% of all head and neck neoplasm. It is a histopathologically benign, yet locally aggressive, vascular tumor that occurs most frequently in males from 5 to 25 years. However, it could mimic the clinical course of antrochoanal polyp. The clinical and radiological evaluated with computer tomography and with endoscopic resection of the tumor (an antrochoanal polyp), a histopathological report was angiofibroma.
Direct Growth on Si(100) of Isolated Octahedral Mil-101(Fe) Crystals for the Separation of Aromatic Vapors

Octahedral crystals of Fe(III)-based Mil-101 and amino-functionalized Mil-101 are directly grown on Si(100) using easy solution routes under mild conditions. Images from microscopy analyses show that samples consist of a layer of isolated octahedral crystals in which the [111]-direction develops vertically with respect to the Si(100) substrate. Structural and chemical characterizations indicate that crystals consist of Mil-101(Fe) with the following stoichiometry: Fe3(O)Cl-(DMF)2(Terepht)3 (DMF = dimethylformamide and Terepht = terephthalate or aminoterephthalate). Both Si-grown Mil-101(Fe) and NH2-Mil-101(Fe) layers are capable of adsorbing two aromatic gases with different polarities, toluene and nitrobenzene. Their characteristic thermal desorption profiles depend on the amino-functionalization of the terephthalate ligand as well as on the mutual interactions between the two guests when adsorbed from a mixture. It is also shown that, by adapting suitable experimental conditions, Mil-101(Fe) layers are .
Spatio-temporal distributions of air-sea fluxes of CO2 in the Indian and Antarctic oceans: a first step

Sea surface and atmospheric measurements of carbon dioxide fugacity (fCO 2 ) made during 14 cruises in 1991, 1992 and 1993, are used to describe the seasonal and meridional variation of air-sea CO 2 flux into the antarctic, subantarctic, subtropical and tropical regions of the Indian Ocean. We first estimate seasonal (January to May and May to September) zonal averaged air-sea CO 2 fluxes from shipboard measured sea surface and atmospheric fCO 2 as well as observed ship winds. Depending of the gas transfer coefficient used, a sink of −0.22 or −0.43 Gt Carbon from January to September is calculated for the band 50°S-20°S. From June to September, the tropical region is a source between 0.04 and 0.08 GtC. From January to May, the southern ocean is a sink between −0.01 and −0.03 GtC. Next, we compare these observed air-sea fluxes CO 2 calculations with reconstructed sea surface fCO 2 distributions obtained from climatological data (SST and wind). By using the in-situ data obtained in 1991, large-scale seasonal relations between sea surface fCO 2 and sea surface temperature (SST) are extracted and applied to the 1992 monthly climatological SST fields in the 50°S-20°S region only. Compared to observations made in 1992, seasonal sea surface fCO 2 distribution is well reproduced. In the band 50°S-20°S, reconstructed sea surface fCO 2 and climatological gas transfert coefficient computed from derived climatological winds lead to an annual air-sea CO 2 exchange between −0.20 and −0.37 Gt Carbon/year
Anesthesia-centric Advanced Cardiac Life Support

Learning Objectives: As a result of completing this activity, the participant will be able to List the causes of perioperative cardiac arrest and contrast them with the causes envisioned in traditional Advanced Cardiac Life Support Describe the systematic assessment of the patient in crisis and discuss strategies for avoiding cardiac arrest Utilize annotated adaptations of the Advanced Cardiac Life Support algorithms for the perioperative setting
Molecular Dynamics Simulations of Antagonistic Salt at the Water/Oil Interface

Mixtures composed of water and organic solvents are very common. They are found inside our bodies and in many industries. A mixture composed of water and the organic solvent 2,6lutidine is a uniform mixture at higher and lower temperatures. In the mid region the mixture will separate into two phases, water and organic, and form a two-phase region. This thesis has studied the variation of tension between the two phases when an antagonistic salt is introduced. An antagonistic salt is a salt composed of a hydrophilic and a hydrophobic part. The hydrophilic part is attracted to water, and dissolves in the water phase. The hydrophobic part is not attracted to water, and ends up in the organic phase. Hence, the salt is located at the interface between the two phases. The aim of this master’s thesis was to find out how the interfacial tension and the size of the two-phased region were influenced by addition of antagonistic salt. The work was conducted by preparing seven mixtures composed of water and the organic solvent, with different concentrations of salt. The systems were constructed and simulated by means of molecular dynamics simulations. The simulated results showed that the interfacial tension decreases as concentration of salt increases. Further, the results showed that the size of the two-phased region is reduced as the concentrations of salt increases, and that the region completely disappears for higher concentrations. The system then consists exclusively of a homogeneous phase.