Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Functional Syntax and Universal Grammar

List of tables List of figures Preface Abbreviations 1. Theoretical preliminaries 2. The semantic structure of the clause 3. Case marking 4. Intraclausal syntax 5. Juncture and operators 6. Nexus 7. Systems of discourse cohesion: reference-tracking mechanisms List of tables List of figures.
Update Semantics in Communicated Information System

An approach, which is called Communicated Information Systems, is introduced to describe the information available in a number of agents and specify the information communication among the agents. The systems are extensions of classical propositional logic in multi-agents context, providing with us a way by which not only the agent’s own information, but the information from other agents may be applied to agent’s reasoning as well. Communication rules, which are defined in the most essential form, can be regarded as the base to characterize some interesting cognitive proporties of agents. Since the corresponding communication rules can be chosen for different applications, the approach is general purpose one. The other main task is that the soundness and completeness of the Communicated Information Systems for the update semantics have been proved in the paper.
Proposal for a Semantic Hierarchy of Terminological Metaphors in Science and Technology

Cognitive linguistics is considered as one of the most appropriate approaches to the study of scientific and technical language formation and development, where metaphor is accepted to play an essential role. This paper, based on the Cognitive Theory of Metaphor, takes as the starting point the terminological metaphors established in the research project METACITEC (Note 1), which was developed with the purpose of unfolding constitutive metaphors and their function in the language of science and technology. After the analysis of metaphorical terms and using a mixed corpus from the fields of Agriculture, Geology, Mining, Metallurgy, and other related technical fields, this study presents a proposal for a hierarchy of the selected metaphors underlying the scientific conceptual system, based on the semantic distance found in the projection from the source domain to the target domain. We argue that this semantic distance can be considered as an important parameter to take into account in order to establish the metaphoricity of science and technology metaphorical terms. The findings contribute to expand on the CTM stance that metaphor is a matter of cognition by reviewing the abstract-concrete conceptual relationship between the target and source domains, and to determine the role of human creativity and imagination in the language of science and technology configuration.
Components in Early Second Language Reading and Spelling

The purpose of this study was to uncover any differences in the early reading and spelling processes of children learning to read in a first language (L1) and children learning to read in a second language (L2). The reading and spelling development of native Dutch-speaking children and minority children in the first two grades of elementary school were compared. The children were given a number of tasks to test their vocabulary knowledge and the efficiency of their word decoding (including grapheme knowledge and word blending), word spelling (including cipher knowledge and phonemic segmentation), and reading comprehension processes. Analyses of variance were used to test for differences between the L1 and L2 learners. LISREL analyses were used to explore the components underlying the reading and spelling processes in the 2 groups of children. The results showed that the minority children kept up with the native Dutch-speaking children on word blending and word decoding tasks. On word spelling and reading comprehension, however, the minority children were found to be less efficient than their monolingual Dutch peers. The structural models for word decoding and word spelling were highly comparable for the 2 groups. For reading comprehension, vocabulary knowledge was found to have more of an impact on the L2 learners than on the L1 learners. This finding suggests that children learning to read in an L2 should be helped to build their lexical knowledge and that reading instruction should be matched to this knowledge.
GPU-Accelerated Discrete Wavelet Transform for Images

Discrete Wavelet Transform (DWT) has been brought into wide use in image processing, but it cant fit the demand of the hugeimage data because the time of computing is vast. The GPU is an attractive platform for a broad fieldof applications,which remains asignificanthigharithmetic processingcapability. Therefore itcan beusedasa powerful accelerator without extra cost.CUDA(computeunifieddevicearchitecture) providesahardwareandsoftwareenvironment touse the GPU to accelerate the DWT for images. In this paper, we use the NVIDIA GeForce GT 650M that complies with the CUDA to improvethe execution time of theDiscrete Wavelet Transformfor images. TheresultofexperimentsindicatesthattheCUDAtechnology hastheadvantagesof parallel processingandtheefficiencyofimagetransform isimprovedgreatly. Whats more, it performs better on the larger size image (the max speedup is 15.9).
Turkish Primary Students' Perceptions about Scientist and What Factors Affecting the Image of the Scientists

Students' views of science and scientists have been widely studied. The purpose of this study is to analyze image of scientist from drawn picture of scientists using The Draw-a- Scientist Test (DAST) by 5th grade students and to analyze where this image comes from students’ minds in changing Turkish educational perspective. Two hundred eighty seven students from sixteen different primary schools, located in the same city, participated in this study. Like previous studies, the findings generally showed that scientists are male, Caucasians, elderly-aged, working indoors with chemistry. On the contrary, the image of scientists, having glasses and facial hair and/or crazy hair, wearing lab coats, and doing dangerous and secrecy things decreased but smiling scientists and indicator of technology increased in young Turkish students’ drawings. Eventually, stereotypical images of the scientist are a slightly lesser than revealed in previous studies. The impact of science teachers and textbooks has shaped what a scientist is and what a scientist does to young students’ minds. Notwithstanding, the influence of media (movies, magazines, television, etc.) has been pointed to as not significant source of information by students.
TopSeer: A Novel Scholar Search Engine based on Community Detection in Citation Network

There has been considerable interest in development of scholar search engines. A disadvantage of current scholar search engines is that they have not explored the relationship among theses fully. A novel scholar search engine is proposed here to fill this gap, which can detect different topics hidden in a large volume of theses to help researchers find their interested theses easily. A new community detection algorithm in citation networks is proposed here to achieve detecting topics. This algorithm has time complexity O(c*n) in a sparse citation network, where n is the number of nodes, and c is related to the average degree of nodes and the initial number of communities. Initial experiments show that this algorithm produces effective result on a standard test dataset.
A 610-mW zero-overhead class-G full-rate ADSL CO line driver

With the drive to increase the number of ports that can be incorporated onto a single linecard in an ADSL Central Office (CO), and the consequent power consumption and thermal management issues that this increased density raises, power dissipation is a key parameter in the design of an ADSL modem. This paper presents a full-rate ADSL CO line driver, consuming 610 mW through active termination and a zero-overhead class-G technique. The supply switching scheme used features very low overhead voltage, logic control, and controlled supply rail ramp rate, and requires analog signal peak prediction be done on the digital data stream. The process used features dielectrically isolated silicon-on-insulator 0.7-/spl mu/m complementary BiCMOS with thin-film resistors. The MOSFET class-G transistors operate in two modes for power efficiency and distortion control. The power consumption is 610 mW and the downstream missing tone power ratio is 69 dBC with 16-dB peak-to-average ratio support.
Radiolabelling Measurements of Radicals Derived from Terpenoid Volatile Organic Conpounds (VOCs) Adsorbed in Porous Carbon

Radiolabelled free radicals were formed by the addition of muonium-a radioactive hydrogen atom with a positive muon as its nucleus-to α-pinene, β-pinene, dihydrocarvone, dihydrocarveol and dipentene, each as adsorbed in porous carbon. The radicals were identified using transverse-field muon spin rotation (TF-MuSR) and the activation parameters associated with their reorientational motion were measured using longitudinal-field muon spin relaxation (LF-MuSRx). Two distinct adsorbed fractions were detected in each sample, characterised by activation energies in the range 2-6 kJ/mol and 12-16 J/mol respectively.
Computational requirements for a discrete Kalman filter

How practical is a Kalman filter? One answer to this question is provided by the computational requirements for the filter. Computational requirements-computational time per cycle (iteration) and required storage-determine minimum sampling rates and computer memory size. These requirements are provided in this paper as functions of the dimensions of the important system matrices for a discrete Kalman filter. Two types of measurement processing are discussed: simultaneous and sequential. It is shown that it is often better to process statistically independent measurements in more than one batch and then to use sequential processing than to process them together via simultaneous processing.
A method for digitally simulating shorted input diode failures

Most existing digital fault simulators can simulate only a somewhat restrictive class of failures; namely, stuck at “1” and stuck at “0” faults. The problem seems to be the lack of techniques for properly treating the effects due to “backward propagation” of errors. This paper describes a method for illustrating how shorted input diode failures, which previously could not be simulated, can be handled by digital methods. The method is applicable to all other modes of failures describable by truth tables or Boolean expressions. Furthermore, we examine the problem of circuit oscillations caused by backward propagating errors. We conclude that failure induced oscillations can only occur under very restrictive conditions.
Effectiveness of MPEG-2 video transmission on ATM links: is statistical multiplexing really useful for bursty video transmission?

Much research have been devoted to the study on the statistical multiplexing gain of the bursty real-time traffic such as MPEG-2 video, and have shown that two to several times multiplexing gain can be obtained. However we still have many difficulties in the implementation of such a service. We investigate the statistical multiplexing gain of MPEG-2 coded video traffic in ATM networks by considering deterministic bit rate (DBR) and statistical bit rate (SBR) service classes. Through examples, we show that the achievable statistical multiplexing gain in the SBR service class is not as high as expected in spite of its difficult and complicated traffic control mechanisms. We also point out the effectiveness of MPEG-2 Test Model 5, which is suitable for the DBR service class of ATM and also applicable to other networks such as RSVP-based Internet.
Adaptive beamforming with near-instantaneous convergence for matched filter processing

We have investigated the implementation of relatively new broadband adaptive processing schemes in line array sonar systems with passive and active capabilities. We provide details of the investigation of adaptive beamforming schemes with and instantaneous convergence for matched filter processing. These schemes include a so-called memoryless generalised sidelobe canceller (GSC) beamformer and a coherent broadband adaptive algorithm that is based on a space-time statistic called the steered covariance matrix. Application results from synthetic and real experimental data show that the adaptive processing schemes provide continuous beam time series at the input of a matched filter. In addition, the adaptive beam time series have sufficient temporal coherence and correlate with the reference FM signals of active sonars, which indicates that the algorithms have achieved near-instantaneous convergence.
Exploitation of the Fiber Capacity in Optically Amplified Transmission Systems

Abstract As is well known, single-mode optical fibers have a huge optical bandwidth but the exploitation of this optical ether for optical transmission systems is limited by several degrading effects that are present both in the fiber and in other devices composing the link. However, in recent years several techniques have been proposed and tested to show how the system capacity can approach total exploitation of the fiber bandwidth. In this work we survey the main optically amplified communication systems that have been proposed to achieve very-high-capacity transmission and analyze their performances by means of numerical simulations. Numerical simulation is a fundamental tool for the study of optical communication because analytical theories are not able to take into consideration all the effects that are simultaneously present in a real link. The study reports a comparison among the performance of digital intensity modulation systems with direct detection considering both the non-return-to-zero and the return-to-zero (soliton) format, as well as the time and wavelength division multiplexing techniques. The results show how exploitation of the Kerr nonlinearity, use of the in-line filtering process, and introduction of dispersion management are the best means to limit the degrading effects of chromatic dispersion and ASE noise.
A Task Scheduling Method for Data Intensive Jobs in Multicore Distributed System

On task scheduling methods for a work-flow type job with precedence constraint among tasks over heterogeneous distributed environment, methods based on list scheduling are well known. These are considered to not effective as expected about the response time in data intensive jobs. We propose a task scheduling method for data intensive jobs in Multicore Distributed System, which can reduce the response time with keeping parallelism in execution. We show advantage of proposed method against existing methods with experimental simulations. Key word: task scheduling, multicore, heterogeneous, data intensive
An algorithm for generalized transmit diversity

In this paper an algorithm for generalized transmit diversity is proposed. Depending on the signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratio maximization criterion full diversity (all available transmit antennas) or partial diversity (only subset of all available transmit antennas) is used and phase adjustment is applied between selected antennas. It is shown that the proposed algorithm offers a considerable gains in transmit signal-to-noise ratio per bit compared to all-antenna transmission and one-antenna selection transmit diversity. The gain is present for both uncorrelated fading and for correlated fading between transmit antennas. Furthermore, it has been shown that the proposed algorithm is more robust to the channel estimation errors.
Reception of PSK Signals Over Fading Channels Via Quadrature Amplitude Estimation

We consider here a new approach to PSK signal detection over a slow nonselective Rayleigh fading channel which does not require a carrier recovery loop. The receiver achieves coherent demodulation by making use of estimates of the quadrature amplitudes of the received PSK signals in its likelihood ratio test. The receiver is assumed to have a memory containing information on the past received signals which enables it to generate the estimates. The error rate of the receiver can be evaluated analytically and computer simulation results are presented to verify the predicted performance.
Automated high throughput image analysis of the ND10 complex of KSHV cells

For a better understanding of inter- and intracellular events, in modern microbiology and virology analysis of huge amounts of data is required. In order to assist biologists with the evaluation of such data, automated image analysis software can be applied. In the following, methods based on Difference of Gaussian filters, k-means clustering, locally adaptive thresholds and the watershed transform are described and applied for segmentation of intra-nuclear dots as well as cell nuclei. Using the described methods, activity of proteins from the ND10 domain can be automatically determined based on image analysis. Evaluating performance for splitting of touching cells shows that only 20 out of 3,267 cells require manual correction of the segmentation results. Analysing a subset of 1,000 intranuclear spots resulted in 971 true positive, 29 false negative and 14 false positive detections.
Human-face extraction using modified HSV color system and personal identification through facial image based on isodensity maps

In this paper, a modified HSV color system which is suitable for the extraction of the human face from general indoor backgrounds is proposed. Experimental results of a personal identification system based on isodensity maps is described. Computer simulation using 111 pictures with various backgrounds shows an 89% face extraction accuracy. For human face identification, experimental results using 3481 pairs of face images show a 99.9% accuracy.
Heartbeat-based error diagnosis framework for distributed embedded systems

Distributed Embedded Systems have significant applications in automobile industry as steer-by-wire, fly-by-wire and brake-by-wire systems. In this paper, we provide a general framework for fault detection in a distributed embedded real time system. We use heartbeat monitoring, check pointing and model based redundancy to design a scalable framework that takes care of task scheduling, temperature control and diagnosis of faulty nodes in a distributed embedded system. This helps in diagnosis and shutting down of faulty actuators before the system becomes unsafe. The framework is designed and tested using a new simulation model consisting of virtual nodes working on a message passing system.
FOUNDATION OF EVALUATION

The mathematical theory of measurement is used to construct a framework for the evaluation of information retrieval strategies. The model arrived at is based on precision and recall. After a detailed examination of the kind of conditions the model can be expected to satisfy a plausible measure of effectiveness is derived. Finally, a number of other measures are shown to be special cases of it.
GIS‐based regionalisation of radiation, temperature and coupling measures in complex terrain for low mountain ranges

In low mountain‐range areas with complex topography, climate elements show a high variability caused by manifold interactions between relief and land use. The lack of continuous measurements demands concepts for the transfer of regional climatic information to smaller scales. In this study, a radiation model and a coupled vegetation atmosphere model using GIS were combined to estimate radiation balances, temperature and evapotranspiration as well as coupling and feedback mechanisms between vegetation and atmosphere of small‐scale heterogeneous areas.
COMET: a set of global transformation algorithms for high-level pipeline synthesis

The authors present a new systematic approach toward global hardware synthesis of DSP ASICs from behavioral specifications. A VHDL behavioral description is the input language of the COMET system. Given the stage time, data initialization interval (DII), and area-time tradeoff weight, a VHDL structural description is generated. A set of global data flow graph transformations is performed to minimize execution time of arithmetic expressions and to maximize conditonal resource sharing. Moreover, cluster structures derived from repeated pattern identification are used to guide global scheduling and allocation. The system provides the designer with a weight parameter to control the tradeoffs between area and time. With these transformations, major improvements are achieved with fewer registers and multiplexors; leading to a production quality design. <<ETX>>
Big Data solutions on a small scale: Evaluating accessible high-performance computing for social research

Though full of promise, Big Data research success is often contingent on access to the newest, most advanced, and often expensive hardware systems and the expertise needed to build and implement such systems. As a result, the accessibility of the growing number of Big Data-capable technology solutions has often been the preserve of business analytics. Pay as you store/process services like Amazon Web Services have opened up possibilities for smaller scale Big Data projects. There is high demand for this type of research in the digital humanities and digital sociology, for example. However, scholars are increasingly finding themselves at a disadvantage as available data sets of interest continue to grow in size and complexity. Without a large amount of funding or the ability to form interdisciplinary partnerships, only a select few find themselves in the position to successfully engage Big Data. This article identifies several notable and popular Big Data technologies typically implemented using large and extremely powerful cloud-based systems and investigates the feasibility and utility of development of Big Data analytics systems implemented using low-cost commodity hardware in basic and easily maintainable configurations for use within academic social research. Through our investigation and experimental case study (in the growing field of social Twitter analytics), we found that not only are solutions like Cloudera’s Hadoop feasible, but that they can also enable robust, deep, and fruitful research outcomes in a variety of use-case scenarios across the disciplines.
Doing it for themselves: students creating a high quality peer-learning environment

To support our students during their study and exam preparation we have developed a novel synoptic revision exercise using the online PeerWise system. Academic staff involvement was passive after introducing the assignment to the cohort via scaffolding activities, thus generating an entirely student-led peer-learning environment for the task. Student engagement exceeded all expectations with high levels of activity and peer-learning occurring over a wide range of topics. We report on a detailed investigation of the quality of the student-generated content, involving two years of data with separate cohorts. The analysis includes classification of the student question type (revised Bloom's taxonomy), investigation of the utility of the feedback/model answers, along with time-resolved analysis of activity during the coursework window. The research seeks to reveal the nature of student behaviour in a peer-review environment and alleviate some of the common concerns held by academics considering moving to this type of activity.