Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Changes in zircon chemistry during Archean UHT metamorphism in the Napier Complex, Antarctica

Zircons from two paragneisses (from Mount Sones and Dallwitz Nunatak) and one orthogneiss (from Gage Ridge) in the Tula Mountains, Napier Complex (East Antarctica) were analyzed for U-Pb age, oxygen isotopes, REEs and by scanning ion imaging. A large number of zircons from all samples are reversely discordant. Mount Sones zircons show an age range from 3.0 Ga to 2.5 Ga and underwent high-grade metamorphism at both ∼2.8 Ga and 2.5 Ga. Zircons from Dallwitz Nunatak record detrital ages between 3.5 Ga and 2.5 Ga. Zircons from Gage Ridge record multiple age groups, with concordant data between 3.6 Ga and 3.3 Ga and reversely discordant data that form a discrete ∼3.8 Ga population. All of the grains show evidence of Pb mobility during metamorphism. Ion imaging of zircons reveals Y and U zonation, characteristic of magmatic zircon, together with a micro-scale patchy distribution of 206Pb and 207Pb that does not correspond to either growth zonation or crystal imperfections. Some of these patches yield 207Pb/206Pb ages >4 Ga, whereas others yield ages younger than the magmatic crystallization age. Reversely discordant data are the result of ancient Pb mobilization, which is independent of the degree of metamictisation, oxygen isotope and REE content of the zircons. This mobilization can result in spurious ages and was most likely caused by polymetamorphism under anhydrous conditions; that is two high-grade events; one poorly defined at ∼2.8 Ga and the other ultra-high temperature (UHT) metamorphism at 2.5 Ga.
Tagging face in images

Digitized multimedia data do not have any structure in raw form and so is not amenable for information extraction by a machine. Consider the problem of creating structure over images by tagging it with labels which can easily be processed by machines and meaningful to humans. Faces are the most important part of images, we consider problem of tagging them. As an initial step, various face recognition methods including face detection,feature extraction and face recognition are studied and implemented. We are also studying the applicability of descriptive local features of person’s face for face tagging.
COMPARATIVE EFFICIENCY OF CALF STARTER AND CONVENTIONAL RATIONS IN BUFFALO SUCKLING CALVES

Twenty-four buffalo calves, having similar age and initial body weight, were divided into two groups with equal number of calves of both sexes in each group to study the effect of calf starter ration on feed intake and weight gain. Calf starter and conventional dairy rations with crude protein 18% and total digestible nutrients 75–80% along with green fodder were offered ad libitum to calves of respective groups for a period of 113 days. The average daily feed intakes were 0.95 and 0.57 kg, average daily weight gains were 0.47 and 0.34 kg and feed conversion ratio averaged 2.00 and 1.70 in calf starter and conventional groups respectively. On the overall performance, calf starter group was found better than the conventional ration.
Obstruction theory for algebras over an operad

The goal of this paper is to set up an obstruction theory in the context of algebras over an operad and in the framework of differential graded modules over a field. Precisely, the problem we consider is the following: Suppose given two algebras A and B over an operad P and an algebra morphism from the homology of A to the homology of B. Can we realize this morphism as a morphism of P-algebras from A to B in the homotopy category? Also, if the realization exists, is it unique in the homotopy category? We identify obstruction cocycles for this problem, and notice that they live in the first two groups of operadic Gamma-cohomology.
Transfusion-transmissible infection surveillance among blood donors in Southwest Ethiopia: A six years retrospective study

Wakjira Kebede, Zeleke Mekonnen, Asfaw Gerbi, Gemeda Abebe Department of Medical Laboratory Science and Pathology, Health Sciences College, Jimma University, Jimma, Ethiopia Department of Biomedical Science, Health Sciences College, Jimma University, Jimma, Ethiopia Mycobacteriology Research Centre, Institute of Biotechnology Research, Jimma University, Jimma, Ethiopia Asian Pac J Trop Dis 2017; 7(3): 156-161
Cryptosporidiosis among children in relation to toilet facilities and water sources in Ijebu and Remo areas southwestern Nigeria.

Cryptosporidium is an important cause of diarrhoea in humans which causes significant morbidity and mortality in immunocompromised individuals young children and old persons. We studied childhood cryptosporidiosis in relation to toilet types and water sources in Ijebu and Remo areas of Ogun State Nigeria. Fresh faeces from 420 children aged 0-8 years attending three referral hospitals were examined using a modified Ziehl-Neelsen method between February and June 2009. The parent/guardian of each child was interviewed on toilet type and water source. Overall 90 (21.4%) of the children were infected with Cryptosporidium species which was significantly more prevalent among those with diarrhoeic faeces (P 0.05) but 3-5 years age group were most infected (36.2%). The infection was commonest among children from households using nearby bush as toilet (46.3%) and those using stream/pond as water source (47.6%). The study showed that childhood cryptosporidiosis is common among children in close relation with lack of sanitation and potable water in Ijebu and Remo areas of Ogun State Nigeria. There is need to enforce existing laws on provision of functional household toilets and environmental sanitation.
Aggregate evidence of nominal price rigidities and the inflation-output trade-off: the relationship between the income share of labor and the rate of inflation

In order for an inflation-output trade-off to arise due to nominal rigidities such as menu costs, negotiation costs, monetary misperceptions or imperfect information, the income share of labor must increase with inflation. However, we find it falls with inflation, in a statistically significant manner in the U.S. and the other OECD countries for which at least 25 years of data is available, after controlling for changes in competition, the only variable that affects the factor payments in the absence of nominal rigidities. Explaining the observed relationship between inflation and the income share of labor without nominal rigidities is difficult, since the income share is not likely to impact inflation or monetary policy, and is independent of most variables and shocks, including those to productivity. Hence, the relationship is evidence of the relevance of nominal rigidities at the aggregate level, but the fact that it is negative refutes that the rigidities give rise to a trade-off between inflation and output, since it implies that inflation has a negative impact on output. The reason is that contrary to what models of nominal rigidities propose, the average mark-up paid by households increases with inflation. ∗Department of Economics; Moore School of Business; 1705 College Street; Columbia, SC 29208; cjensen@alumni.cmu. edu.
A comparison of techniques for tone compensation in payphone-based speech recognition

This paper compares two noise compensation techniques for increasing recognition performance on tone corrupted speech from payphones. An analysis of payphone speech is made which identifies two harmful processes signalling tones and increased background noise. The techniques of spectral subtraction and parallel model combination are compared on this task and are shown to give some improvement. Further robustness is demonstrated using RASTA-CTM speech features.
Expert Group on Disparities in a National Accounts Framework: Results from the 2015 Exercise

In 2011, an Expert Group was launched to carry out a feasibility study on the compilation of distributional measures of income, consumption and wealth across household groups consistent with national accounts data. This group developed a methodology on the basis of which first experimental results on income, consumption and savings according to income quintiles were compiled and published in 2013. In 2015, the expert group engaged in a second exercise focusing on a more recent year and taking into account a number of adjustments to the methodology used in the previous exercise. This paper describes the sources, methods and results of this second exercise.The results of the exercise show that in general all countries are able to comply with the methodology. Furthermore, countries have micro data available for most of the national accounts items and in case of lacking data, imputations lead to comparable results. However, the results also show that in some cases gaps between the micro aggregates and the national accounts totals are quite substantial, possibly affecting the overall distributional results. Furthermore, more information is needed on how countries link data across various data sources. The experimental results show that Mexico records the highest income and consumption disparities, followed by the United States and Portugal, and that Slovenia records the lowest. The paper also shows that breakdowns into other household groups, such as age group and labour market status reveal very interesting information.
Burnout syndrome among caregivers of children suffering from epilepsy

Adres do korespondencji: lek. Mariusz Siemiński Klinika Neurologii Dorosłych, Akademia Medyczna w Gdańsku ul. Dębinki 7, 80–952 Gdańsk tel. : (0 58) 349 23 00, faks: (0 58) 349 23 20 Abstract Burnout syndrome is a condition of physical and mental exhaustion resulting from chronic exposure to negative emotions. Subjects involved in helping others for a long time (e.g. doctors, nurses, caregivers etc.)are at risk of developing burnout syndrome. The aim of this study was to assess the intensity of the burnout syndrome among caregivers of children suffering from epilepsy. We assessed 99 caregivers of children. They were asked to fill in the Maslach Burnout Inventory and Beck’s Depresion Index. We have found no symptoms of depression in any of the caregivers. There is a positive correlation between time passed from the diagnosis, age of the child , age of the caregiver and the level of emotional exhaustion. Subjects taking care of a child lonely, without any familial support had higher results in subscales of emotional exhaustion and depersonalisation. They were also characterised by lower self-esteem as well.
Factors Affecting The Success of Incubators and The Moderating Role of Information and Communication Technologies

Business incubators can help young firms to survive during their first years. They are considered to be an entrepreneurial and economic development instrument that can increase the creativity of new firms including small and mid-sized enterprises and that can support them in the early stage of development which is the most vulnerable stage of their existence. Small and mid-sized enterprises are crucial for enhancing innovation, productivity, competitiveness, social cohesion, and economic development in developed and developing countries. They are also crucial in minimizing unemployment; they create a lot of jobs and significant output in many countries. The economy in many developing countries, especially Arab countries, is in a critical state. The unemployment rate is very high and gross domestic product is very low compared to developed countries. Many types of success models have been proposed and used to measure the success and performance of business incubators in developed countries. However, a limited number of studies and success models have been published on this topic in the case of the developing world. Therefore, the main objective of this paper is to propose a model using a combination of well-known and new success factors for business incubator success in developing countries.
Wood Composite Warping: Modeling and Simulation

Warping, which is defined as the out-of-plane deformation of an initially flat panel, is a longstanding problem associated with secondary manufacturing processes in the wood panel industries. The mechanism of warping is still not fully understood. Unlike previous modeling, this study has developed a new twodimensionaal warping model based on mechanics of layered composites. Wood composite panel is regarded as a multilayered composite material in which each layer has different properties, especially when they experience moisture gradient through their thickness. Detailed model development and computer simulation results are presented. Panel parameters such as thickness. MOE, LE, Poisson's ratio, shear modulus, density, and orientation of layer were simulated; and quantitative relationships between these parameters and warp were presented. The results should provide a better understanding of wood composite warp.
Mortgage Lending Disparities in Metropolitan Buffalo: Implications for Community Reinvestment Policy

This article examines patterns of mortgage lending in metropolitan Buffalo, New York. The analysis is based on 1999-2002 HMDA data and 2000 Census data for metropolitan Buffa-lo. Mortgage lending patterns in census tracts are compared using descriptive statistics, GIS mapping, and multiple regression. The results from this analysis indicate that disparities in mortgage lending between census tracts are attributable to differences in: educational at-tainment, neighborhood socioeconomic distress, residential stability, and the age of neigh-borhood housing stock. It is noteworthy that after controlling for other variables, race and core city location did not significantly affect mortgage lending patterns. The findings from this analysis indicate that disinvestment is no longer confined to minority communities in core cities. Instead, it is becoming a more general phenomenon in metropolitan areas. Policy recommendations are forwarded in light of the findings from this research.
The Role of the EU Internal Market in the Adoption of Innovation

This paper aims at analysing the impact of the regulation of the European Union (EU) internal market (IM) in the adoption of innovation. After constructing an indicator of innovation adoption based on the information provided by the Community Innovation Survey, in the first stage, we define the impact of some major IM regulations on cooperation, competition and trade across EU countries. The results of this first stage show how different IM regulations are important determinants of these three macroeconomic variables that we consider afterwards having an impact on innovation adoption. Hence, in the second stage we address whether innovation adoption rates significantly depend on the degree of cooperation, trade and competition as well as some control variables such as national legal structures and IPR regulations. Estimations have been computed using an econometric model whose dependent variable is total innovation adoption as well as its possible disaggregation into sub-categories. Results show that cooperation and its main IM determinants positively impact innovation adoption, leaving trade and competition as apparently minor channels of innovation adoption (and especially depending on the type of innovation adoption under examination).
Fuzzy Watershed For Image Segmentation

The representation of the RGB color space points in spherical coordinates allows to retain the chromatic components of image pixel colors, pulling apart easily the intensity component. This representation allows the definition of a chromatic distance. Using this distance we define a fuzzy gradient with good properties of perceptual color constancy. In this paper we present a watershed based image segmentation method using using this fuzzy gradient. Oversegmentation is corrected applying a region merging strategy based on the chromatic distance defined on the spherical coordinate representation.
Second Degree Chance Constraints with Lognormal Random Variables - An Application to Fisher's Discriminant Function for Separation of Populations

In this paper, we have discussed a transformation procedure of the second-degree chance constraints to the deterministic constraints for mathemat ical programming problems having general second degree chance constraints with lognormal random variables. We have used geometric inequality fo r this transformat ion. The transformed deterministic problem having non-linear constraints and linear or non-linear objective function can be solved using non-linear programming algorith m. Also we have applied this model to Fisher's discriminant function for separation of populations. A numerical simulat ion have been considered along with a graphical representation of the reduced solution region.
Modeling the Dynamic Characteristics of Slack Wire Cables in STOCKBRIDGE Dampers

Damping due to internal friction in taut wire cables undergoing bending vibrations is negligible in many cases. Slack cables, however, exhibit significant flexural hysteresis resulting from interstrand friction. This type of static hysteresis is utilized in various applications where wire cables are used in damping of mechanical vibrations. Stockbridge dampers in overhead transmission lines are one example where short wire cables are used in damping wind-excited oscillations due to vortex shedding. The present work deals with the analysis of the dynamic behavior of such cables. The local mechanical properties of a wire cable are identified experimentally. In particular, the moment-curvature-relationship is determined experimentally at every location of the wire cable which is subjected to dynamic flexural deformations. A simple device for measuring the local curvatures of short wire cables was constructed specifically for this purpose. As expected, the effective bending stiffness, as well as the hysteretic properties, varies along the length of the cable. The experimental results are presented and the applicability of the local models is discussed. In addition, a mathematical description is given in terms of local MASING elements and the relevant parameters of these elements are identified. The local properties of a cable are used to determine the overall behavior of a short cable undergoing bending vibrations. It is shown that such an approach can be applied succesfully in the design of damping devices such as Stockbridge dampers.
Leading localities as if communities matter

This paper takes inspiration from the influential critique of Western economics set out by E. F. Schumacher in his influential book „Small is beautiful. A study of economics as if people mattered‟ published in 1971. It argues that societies need to strengthen the power and influence of „place-based‟ leadership if city governments are to serve more effectively the needs of the communities who live in them. In a rapidly globalising world the demands placed on civic leaders have changed and this means that leaders need to develop new skills and approaches if they are to be successful. The paper examines these changes in the context of the shift from „government‟ to „governance‟ in modern public policy. The paper then considers two leadership themes: the changing nature of civic leadership, and the multiplicity of leadership roles in the modern city. The final section attempts to draw out the implications of the discussion for the future practice of leadership in the modern city. It is suggested that, provided it is handled with great sensitivity, there are considerable opportunities for cross-national exchange in relation to leadership development in cities and that planning academics can play an important role in this.
An Ecological and Engineering Approach to Optimizing Algal Biofuels

Algae are ubiquitous in natural ecosystems and have been studied extensively due to their versatility for biofuel production. Most of these studies have been conducted on the grounds of synthetic biology and process engineering with few industrial scale projects considering algal community interactions. Such interactions have often indicated the propensity of increasing overall productivity and reducing community invasability, both important characteristics for scalable projects. However, over 30,000 species of algae have currently been identified with another 20,000 estimated to exist. Within this context, elucidation of these relationships remains extremely resource and time intensive. This thesis outlines a strategy for rapid, high-throughput screening of algal community combinations using a microfluidic platform to synthesize millions of parallel, nanoliter-scale algal communities for analysis of biomass accumulation. Model communities were first studied in a bench scale flask experiment and then examined using microfluidic droplets. These experiments showed consistent results on both positively and negatively interacting algal bicultures. Specifically, these include better performance within bicultures of Ankistrodesmus falcatus and Chlorella sorokiniana as well as Chlorella sorokiniana and Selenastrum minutum with lower performance within the biculture of Selenastrum capricornutum and Scenedesmus ecornis. Biofuels provide a unique opportunity for market penetration in one dominated by petroleum based fossil fuels. They serve as renewable and significantly less carbon intensive alternatives. While the holistic success of algal biofuels will hinge on an amalgamation of these scientific fields, rapid screening of algal communities could prove imperative for discovering community interactions and ideally facilitating a mechanistic analysis of how such interactions arise in natural communities.
RNA‐seq: Applications and Best Practices

RNA‐sequencing (RNA‐seq) is the state‐of‐the‐art technique for transcriptome analysis that takes advantage of high‐throughput next‐generation sequencing. Although being a powerful approach, RNA‐seq imposes major challenges throughout its steps with numerous caveats. There are currently many experimental options available, and a com‐ plete comprehension of each step is critical to make right decisions and avoid getting into inconclusive results. A complete workflow consists of: (1) experimental design; (2) sample and library preparation; (3) sequencing; and (4) data analysis. RNA‐seq enables a wide range of applications such as the discovery of novel genes, gene/transcript quan‐ tification, and differential expression and functional analysis. This chapter will encom ‐ pass the main aspects from sample preparation to downstream data analysis. It will be discussed how to obtain high‐quality samples, replicates amount, library preparation, sequencing platforms and coverage, focusing on best recommended practices based on specialized literature. Basic techniques and well‐known algorithms are presented and discussed, guiding both beginners and experienced users in the implementation of reli‐ able experiments.
Pulse Density Modulation Applied to Series Resonant Inverter and Ac‐Ac Conversion

The PDM control joins together betweenthe concepts ofsoftswitching andhardswitching. Its application to the series resonant inverter cancels the switching losses and uses dc bus without storage capacity. Objectively, the PDM controls led to ac-ac converters with high efficiency(zeroswitching loss), smallsize (nostorage capacity)andwith thepossibilityof a self power factor correction. However, the operating analysis of these converters is very complex because the operation is done on two time scales and leaves questions unan-swered. The average modeling facilitates the analysis of the operation and leads to estab- lish: (i) an analytical expression of the power factor, (ii) the linearity conditions of the power characteristic, and (iii) a model of ac-ac series resonant multi-converter which is independent of the carriers. In the case of ac-ac series resonant multi-converter, the coordination of carriers allows to shape the power characteristic. Among the three types of coordination presented, there is an original coordinate that linearizes the power characteristic. The results are validated by simulations carried out in Matlab SimPower systems.