Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
E‐selectin expression and function in a unique placental trophoblast population at the fetal‐maternal interface: Regulation by a trophoblast‐restricted transcriptional mechanism conserved between humans and mice

Trophoblast are the earliest differentiated cells to emerge during mammalian ontogeny. Proper differentiation and maturation of trophoblast contributes to the fetal‐maternal vascular interface of the mature placenta and is required for all subsequent stages of embryogenesis. Although lineage commitment and early differentiation of trophoblast have been investigated experimentally, molecular markers and regulatory mechanisms operating later in trophoblast development remain uncertain. We now report that E‐selectin is expressed in a unique pattern in secondary trophoblast giant cells, trophoblast lining the central artery, and a subpopulation of labyrinthine trophoblast all located at the fetal‐maternal interface of the murine placenta. These cells line vascular channels but express a unique profile of gene products not displayed by vascular endothelium. Placentae lacking E‐selectin show increased trophoblast glycogen cells and fewer labyrinthine neutrophils compared with normal placentae, suggesting that recognition of E‐selectin on trophoblast by counter‐receptors on other cells contributes to placental development. Novel, distant first exons direct E‐selectin expression in both murine and human placentae, suggesting that evolutionarily conserved and lineage‐restricted transcriptional mechanisms regulate expression in homologous trophoblast populations in both species. These results define, at molecular and anatomic levels, a unique population of trophoblast located at the physiologically critical fetal‐maternal vascular interface in mice. We also present initial functional characterization of E‐selectin in placenta. These results support the general hypothesis that endothelial‐leukocyte adhesion molecules performing specialized functions in adults may also function in development of human and murine hemochorial placentae. © 2000 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Facts and issues: Response to the commentaries

Thanks are due to the twenty scholars who commented on my essay. Each commentary merits a more detailed response than limitations on space permit. Out of necessity, I will restrict my remarks here to what I take to be the most urgent matters raised by the commentators; a more comprehensive response is available at my web site. I will begin by focusing on questions relating to the particular type of processor that I envision, and then turn to issues involving scope and language acquisition. I conclude with a general remark about the relationship between grammar and processing.
Learning through playing

Diese Arbeit beschaftigt sich mit den Moglichkeiten des Lernens mit und durch Computerspiele. Im theoretischen Teil der Arbeit werden Lern- und Spieltheorien beleuchtet und Definitionen, mit denen gearbeitet wird, erstellt. Mit Blick auf den praktischen Teil der Arbeit wird Game Design und die Problematik von Serious Games diskutiert. Des weiteren wird die verwendete Methode, ein online Fragebogen, vorgestellt. Mit der diskutierten Lerntheorie von Gregory Bateson als Basis wird ein Computer Spiel designed. Der Design Prozess und die Implementation von Lernaskpekten wird beschrieben um danach im Fragebogen anhand von Fragen nach den Lernebenen feststellen zu konnen inwieweit diese Lernaspekte von den Spielern und Spielerinnen gelernt oder auch nicht gelernt wurden. Es folgen eine deskriptive Analyse und mehrere Analysen mit speziellem Fokus auf zum Beispiel Geschlecht und Kaufverhalten sowie eine Reflexion der Arbeit.
Antibodies to Cag A protein are not predictive of serious gastroduodenal disease in Indian patients.

OBJECTIVE The present study was aimed at assessing the predictive utility of anti-Cag A antibodies in differentiating patients of duodenal ulcer (DU) and non ulcer dyspepsia (NUD) from asymptomatic controls in a developing country. METHODS Sera from 120 subjects were tested for antibodies to Cag A using the immunodominant portion of a recombinant 37.5 kDa fusion protein by ELISA, in endoscopically proven cases of DU and NUD and healthy controls. RESULTS The observed optical density (OD) in DU and NUD patients was 1,947 and 1,960 respectively, which was higher than that observed in controls (p < 0.01), but there was no difference in the anti-Cag A antibody titers between DU and NUD patients. CONCLUSION Anti-Cag A antibodies do not seem to discriminate duodenal ulcer patients from non ulcer dyspepsia in the Indian population.
Design of 60 GHz microstrip antenna array composed through annular feeding line

Some millimeter wavebands, such as 60 GHz, would probably be selected as the main operating frequencies of the next 5th generation wireless/mobile communication systems, for their obvious advantages of wider available transmission bandwidth and higher achievable transmission rate. In this paper, a novel structural design of microstrip antenna array working at the 60 GHz frequency band has been proposed. This new kind of the whole microstrip antenna array is formed by two “Y” shaped branches, which are connected through an outside annular feeding line. In each “Y” shaped branch, there are two lines of three rectangular patches linearly composed together. The radius of annular feeding line has been optimized based on half-wavelength impedance repetitiveness. The result has been shown that the presented new microstrip antenna array can achieve the high gain value of nearly 9.65 dBi at around 60 GHz.
Etude de la normalisation du calcul des sequents classique a travers la logique lineaire

Il s'agit d'une contribution a l'etude des problemes calculatoires de la logique classique, avec pour objet central la normalisation des calculs des sequents intuitionniste et, surtout, classique, pour outil principal la logique lineaire. La premiere partie presente des resultats sur la correction et la normalisation des reseaux de preuves. La seconde partie expose l'engendrement de deux systemes constructifs de calcul des sequents classique, a partir de plongements uniformes du calcul classique dans la logique lineaire. Elle s'acheve par la construction de plongements (preuve a preuve) minima de la logique classique dans la logique lineaire
RESPONSE TO ADLER

In a recent National Education Policy Center (NEPC) report, Moshe Adler (2014) raises several potential concerns about the validity of Chetty, Friedman, and Rockoff’s two papers (forthcoming in the American Economic Review) on measuring the impacts of teachers. After considering Adler’s critiques carefully, our interpretation of the results is entirely unchanged. All of the concerns reflect a misunderstanding of statistical methods and the data we analyze, and we respond to each of them below.
Scalable Security Verification of Software at Compile Time

Automated verification tools are required to detect coding errors that may lead to severe software vulnerabilities. However, the usage of these tools is still not well integrated into software development life cycle. In this paper, we present our approach that brings the software compilation process and security verification to a meeting point where both can be applied simultaneously in a user-friendly manner. Our security verification engine is implemented as a new GCC pass that can be enabled via flag-fsecurity-check=checks.xml where the input XML file contains a set of user-defined security checks. The verification operates on the GIMPLE intermediate representation of source code that is language and platform independent. The conducted experiments demonstrate the scalability, efficiency and performance of our engine used to verify large scale software, especially the entire Linux kernel source code.
Reputation-based partner choice among mobile players

We study the effects of mobility on the evolution of cooperation among mobile players, which play prisoner's dilemma games with neighbors within a prescribed radius. We define the reputation as the times one cooperates in past times. We show that reputation-based partner choice promotes cooperation, when compared with the case that partners are chosen at random. And for large values of the velocity, the radius and the temptation to defect, reputation-based partner choice makes cooperators survive. When adopting the latest strategy record as the reputation, we find that the cooperation level among mobile players can be promoted most effectively.
Performance analysis of ATM Banyan networks with shared queueing—part II: correlated/unbalanced offered traffic

For pt.I see ibid., vol.2, no.4, p.398-410 (1994). The paper develops the analysis of multistage banyan interconnection networks in which the switching elements are provided with a buffer shared among all the inlets and outlets of the element. Two different internal protocols are considered for the transfer of packets from stage to stage based on the presence or absence of interstage backpressure to signal the occurrence of buffer saturation conditions. The analytical model is based on the representation of the switching element state by means of only two variables. Two kinds of offered traffic patterns are considered, a bursty balanced pattern and an unbalanced uncorrelated pattern. In this latter case, the load above the average is supposed to be addressed either to a single network outlet, or to a given group of network outlets. >
Kinetic analysis of 2-[11C]thymidine PET imaging studies of malignant brain tumors: preliminary patient results.

UNLABELLED 2-[11C]Thymidine (TdR), a PET tracer for cellular proliferation, may be advantageous for monitoring brain tumor progression and response to therapy. Kinetic analysis of dynamic TdR images was performed to estimate the rate of thymidine transport (K1t) and thymidine flux (KTdR) into brain tumors and normal brain. These estimates were compared to MRI and pathologic results. METHODS Twenty patients underwent sequential [11C]CO2 (major TdR metabolite) and TdR PET studies with arterial blood sampling and metabolite analysis. The data were fitted using the five-compartment model described in the companion article. RESULTS Comparison of model estimates with clinical and pathologic data shows that K1t is higher for MRI contrast enhancing tumors (p < .001), and KTdR increases with tumor grade (p < .02). On average, TdR retention was lower after treatment in high-grade tumors. The model was able to distinguish between increased thymidine transport due to blood-brain barrier breakdown and increased tracer retention associated with tumor cell proliferation. CONCLUSION Initial analysis of model estimates of thymidine retention and transport show good agreement with the clinical and pathological features of a wide range of brain tumors. Ongoing studies will evaluate its role in measuring response to treatment and predicting outcome.
Uma solução de alta disponibilidade para o sistema de arquivos distribuidos do Hadoop

Projetistas de sistema geralmente optam por sistemas de arquivos baseados em cluster como solucao de armazenamento para ambientes de computacao de alto desempenho. A razao para isso e que eles provem dados com confiabilidade, consistencia e alta vazao. Porem a maioria desses sistemas de arquivos emprega uma arquitetura centralizada, o que compromete sua disponibilidade. Este trabalho foca especificamente em um exemplar de tais sistemas, o Hadoop Distributed File System (HDFS). O trabalho propoe um hot standby para o no mestre do HDFS a fim de conferir-lhe alta disponibilidade. O hot standby e implementado por meio da (i) extensao da replicacao de estado do mestre realizada por seu checkpoint helper, o Backup Node; e por meio da (ii) introducao de um mecanismo automatico de failover. O passo (i) aproveitou-se da tecnica de duplicacao de mensagens desenvolvida por outra tecnica de alta disponibilidade para o HDFS chamada Avatar Nodes. O passo (ii) empregou ZooKeeper, um servico distribuido de coordenacao. Essa estrategia resultou em mudancas de codigo pequenas, cerca de 0,18% do codigo original, o que faz a solucao ser de facil estudo e manutencao. Experimentos mostraram que o custo adicional imposto pela replicacao nao aumentou em mais de 11% o consumo medio de recursos pelos nos do sistema nem diminuiu a vazao de dados comparando-se com a versao original do HDFS. A transicao completa para o hot standby pode tomar ate 60 segundos quando sob cargas de trabalho dominadas por operacoes de E/S, mas menos de 0,4 segundos em cenarios com predominio de requisicoes de metadados. Estes resultados evidenciam que a solucao desenvolvida nesse trabalho alcancou seus objetivos de produzir uma solucao de alta disponibilidade para o HDFS com baixo custo e capaz de reagir a falhas em um breve espaco de tempo. Abstract
Contact Activation of Hageman Factor and the Interaction of Hageman Factor and Plasma Thromboplastin Antecedent

Summary Experiments with highly purified activated bovine Hageman factor revealed that surface activation of Hageman factor is effective only when PTA is present simultaneously. Surface activation of Hageman factor probably is not caused only by an alteration of the Hageman factor itself but by the catalyzing action of surface on the reaction between this factor and PTA, possibly by preferential adsorption of these factors. Arguments are given for the supposition that Hageman factor forms a complex with PTA which is unstable and probably identical with the so-called activation product. The instability of this activation product is caused by deterioration of PTA while Hageman factor remains. The process of contact activation stops because further Hageman factor activity is blocked by PTA which sticks to Hageman factor even after it is deteriorated. In normal circumstances not all Hageman factor molecules are adsorbed to a surface by the competing effect of other proteins in the plasma with glass affinity. Exposing plasma to a large surface such as provided by celite, causes complete adsorption of all Hageman factor molecules and in this way causes complete consumption of PTA.
Can Local Ecological Knowledge Contribute to Wildlife Management? Case Studies of Migratory Birds

Sound management of wildlife species, particularly those that are harvested, requires extensive information on their natural history and demography. For many global wildlife populations, however, insufficient scientific information exists, and alternative data sources may need to be considered in management decisions. In some circumstances, local ecological knowledge (LEK) can serve as a useful, complementary data source, and may be particularly valuable when managing wildlife populations that occur in remote locations inhabited by indigenous peoples. Although several published papers discuss the general benefits of LEK, few attempt to examine the reliability of information generated through this approach. We review four case studies of marine birds in which we gathered LEK for each species and then compared this information to empirical data derived from independent scientific studies of the same populations. We then discuss how we attempted to integrate LEK into our own conservation and management efforts of these bird species with variable success. Although LEK proved to be a useful source of information for three of four species, we conclude that management decisions based primarily on LEK, in the absence of scientific scrutiny, should be treated with caution.
Repeated CT-Guided Percutaneous Radiofrequency Thermocoagulation for Recurrent Trigeminal Neuralgia

Aims: To investigate the long-term outcomes of repeated percutaneous radiofrequency thermocoagulation (PRT) for recurrent trigeminal neuralgia (TN) patients. Methods: Between 2002 and 2012, 33 patients with recurrent TN following an initial PRT procedure were retrospectively studied and underwent 43 repeated PRT procedures. Results: The mean length of follow-up after repeated PRT was 34 months. Pain relief was immediate in 30 patients (90.9%), and no pain relief occurred in 3 patients (9.1%) following a second PRT procedure. The percentage of patients who remained in an ‘excellent' and ‘good' pain relief condition (pain intensity ≤BIN grade III) after the second PRT procedure was 75% at 1 year, 68% at 2 years and 68% at 5 years, and 22 of these patients (54.5%) remained satisfied with their pain relief during the follow-up period. Nine patients underwent PRT three times and 1 patient four times. The total number of patients who benefited from repeated PRT was 28 (84.8%). Postprocedure complications including masseter weakness were present in 3 patients and limited mouth opening affected 1 patient. No mortalities were observed during or after repeated PRT procedures. Conclusion: Repeated PRT provides long-term pain relief benefits to patients with recurrent TN and should be considered as an alternative treatment for recurrent TN.
Vers l’identification des acteurs moléculaires responsables des propriétés mécaniques du bois de tension de peuplier

Cette these visait a caracteriser la composition en polysaccharides des fibres de bois de tension chez le peuplier et etablir de possibles correlations avec les mecanismes de creation de la tension. A cette fin, nous avons etudie le bois de jeunes peupliers qui ont pousse sous conditions controlees. Nous avons pu determiner la composition en polysaccharides des couches G isolees ainsi que la structure de ces polysaccharides. L’evolution de cette composition au long de la differentiation du bois de tension et du bois oppose a ete evaluee a l’aide de 178 anticorps diriges contre les principaux polysaccharides parietales. La fonction de deux proteines a arabinogalactanes avec domaine fascicline-like a ete egalement etudiee a l’aide des anticorps produits a cet effet. La genetique inverse a ete egalement utilisee pour completer l’etude de la fonction d’une de ces proteines dans la formation du bois de tension. Les resultats obtenus ont mis en evidence une evolution de la composition de la couche G au cours de la differenciation. Des differences entre la composition de la couche S2 des fibres du bois de tension et du bois oppose ont aussi ete detectees. Une grande quantite de pectines de type RG-I a ete decele dans la couche G, molecules qui pourraient participer a la formation d’un gel. Le gonflement de ce gel serait responsable de la mise en tension des microfibrilles de cellulose. Cependant, nos travaux ne montrent aucune evidence pour la presence de xyloglucanes dans la couche G. Des indices en faveur de l’implication des FLAs dans la construction de la couche G ont ete egalement trouves dans cette etude. Ce travail de these ouvre des perspectives pour l’identification du determinisme moleculaire a l’origine de la creation de la tension dans le bois de tension.
Avaliação da autenticidade de alheiras de caça por técnicas de biologia molecular

v Abreviaturas vii 1. Objectivos e âmbito do trabalho 1 2. Abordagem teorica 3 2.1. Historia da alheira 3 2.2. A alheira 3 2.2.1. Importância economica 5 2.2.2. Qualidade microbiologica 6 2.3. Autenticidade de produtos carneos 6 2.4. Metodologias de avaliacao da autenticidade de produtos carneos 8 2.4.1. Metodos baseados na analise de proteinas 9 2.4.2. Metodos baseados em acidos nucleicos 10 2.4.2.1. Extraccao de ADN 11 2.4.2.2. A tecnica da PCR convencional 13 2.4.2.3. PCR em tempo real 16 2.4.2.4. Outros metodos baseados na tecnica de PCR 19 2.4.2.5. Sequencias alvo 22 2.5. Aplicacao das tecnicas de PCR na identificacao de especies em produtos carneos 23 3. Material e Metodos 29 3.1. Descricao das amostras 29 3.2. Reagentes e solucoes 31 3.2.1. Preparacao das solucoes 31 3.3. Extraccao de ADN 32 3.3.1. Avaliacao da qualidade do ADN extraido 33 3.4. Amplificacao por PCR 34 3.4.1. Oligonucleotidos 34 3.4.2. PCR qualitativa 38 3.4. 3. Electroforese em gel de agarose 38 3.4. 4. PCR em tempo real 38 3.5. Cuidados especiais 39 4. Resultados e Discussao 41 4.1. Avaliacao das amostras extraidas 41 4.2. Identificacao de especies animais por PCR 44 4.2.1. Identificacao de Gallus gallus (Galinha) 44
Seasonal variation of thermophilic campylobacters in lambs at slaughter

A survey of the isolation rate and population size of thermophilic campylobacters in lambs at slaughter was carried out to determine the seasonal variation of thermophilic campylobacters in ovine hosts. Isolation rates determined by enrichment methods were always higher than those using direct plating onto selective agar and showed that Campylobacter could be isolated from 91·7% (n = 360) of samples from the small intestine of the lambs. Enumerations (MPN), done monthly over a 2‐year period, averaged 4·00 log 10 (n = 1080, S.D. 0·16) campylobacters g−1 fresh weight (fw) intestinal contents with some samples giving values higher than 7 log MPN gfw−1. These results show that the prevalence of thermophilic campylobacters in sheep intended for slaughter is much higher than previously reported. Statistical analyses showed that there was a significant seasonal periodicity in the Campylobacter populations in the small intestines of lambs at slaughter (P = 0·004) but that there was no statistical relationship with environmental parameters such as minimum and maximum temperature, rainfall or hours of sunshine. In an analysis along the length of the intestinal tract of lambs, campylobacters were isolated from 80% of small intestine and 30% of rumen samples, but not from the true stomach, large intestine or caecal samples. A survey of sheep grazing on salt marsh, fell (upland) and farm pasture showed that the isolation rate of thermophilic campylobacters in fresh faeces was substantially lower (29·3% (n = 420)) than that from the small intestine of lambs at slaughter. No significant difference (>0·05) was found between the isolation rate of campylobacters from faeces sampled in late spring/early summer and autumn, nor between the different types of grazing.
Activation of cellulose-based carriers with pentaethylenehexamine 

A method for the activation of a cellulose-based matrix resulting in obtaining active primary amino groups via a long spacer arm was developed. The method is based on coupling pentaethylenehexamine (PEHA) to the polymeric matrix through epoxy groups. It was shown that modification of cellulose with PEHA is a straightforward and convenient procedure that has the advantages of high coupling efficiency. The primary amino group density on the carrier surf ace can be easily adjusted by changing the content of epoxy groups in the matrix or by altering the amount of PEHA in the reaction mixture. The lectins Concanavalin A and Wheat Germ Agglutinin were employed as ligands for the immobilization onto the PEHA-activated carrier using glutaraldehyde. It was shown that the spacer arm affected ligand coupling kinetics as well as the chromatographic behaviour of the adsorbents obtained. Covalent immobilization of enzyme glucoamylase on PEHA-activated cellulose was done. It was found that covalent binding via glutaraldehyde offers satisfactorily stable and active preparations.
A Performance Study of Parallel Programming via CPU and GPU on Swarm Intelligence Based Evolutionary Algorithm

Algorithm parallelization diversifies a complicated computing task into small parts, and thus it receives wide attention when it is implemented to evolutionary algorithms (EA). This works considers a recently developed EA called the Swarm Intelligence Based (SIB) method as a benchmark to compare the performance of two types of parallel computing approaches: a CPU-based approach via OpenMP and a GPU-based approach via CUDA. The experiments are conducted to solve an optimization problem in the search of supersaturated designs via the SIB method. Unlike conventional suggestions, we show that the CPU-based OpenMP outperforms CUDA at the execution time. At the end of this paper, we provide several potential problems in GPU parallel computing towards EA and suggest to use CPU-based OpenMP for parallel computing of EA.