Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Lupus eritematoso sistémico juvenil: características clínicas e inmunológicas en una cohorte ecuatoriana de 71 pacientes, experiencia de un Centro

Introducción: el lupus eritematoso sistémico (LES) es una enfermedad autoinmune e inflamatoria multisistémica que afecta a todas las edades, el 20% de los casos comienzan en la infancia y adolescencia. Las manifestaciones clínicas van desde lesiones cutáneas, hasta compromiso renal, hematológico o neurológico. El curso clínico se caracteriza por brotes y remisiones, y el pronóstico es impredecible. Objetivo: describir las características clínicas e inmunológicas de los pacientes con LES atendidos en el Roberto Gilbert E. Metodología: se trata de un estudio monocéntrico y retrospectivo. Se revisaron 75 historias clínicas electrónicas de la base de datos del hospital Roberto Gilbert Elizalde, de julio 2014 a enero 2018. Se recolectaron datos clínicos, de laboratorio, y el SLEDAI 2K (Systemic Lupus Erytematous Disease Activity Index 2K) (inicial y final). Los datos se analizaron con STATA 12.0. Las variables categóricas fueron analizadas usando Chi cuadrado. Resultados: se analizaron 71 historias clínicas, se excluyeron 4, por tener historia incompleta o completar criterios para síndrome de superposición; las restantes completaron criterios SLICC 2012. Las manifestaciones clínicas más frecuentes fueron: cutáneas (66,2%), artritis (43,6%), compromiso renal (47,85), serositis (35%) y alopecia (32%). Los casos de LES familiar representaron el 11,9%. Conclusiones: el sexo femenino, el compromiso renal y la hipoalbuminemia se encontraron asociadas a SLEDAI alto inicial. Además el compromiso renal se asoció a SLEDAI alto final, y a mortalidad. A los 4 años la supervivencia fue de 95,7%. La remisión completa se logró en 28% de pacientes, y un 5% presentaba actividad grave.
Pregnancy and Infant Development (PRIDE)— a longitudinal study of at-risk mother-infant dyads to understand the impact of maternal stress, adversity, and resilience on offspring development.

Background Children from socioeconomically disadvantaged families have a markedly elevated risk for impaired cognitive and social-emotional development. Nearly 17.9% of children in poverty experience developmental delays relative to the 12.7% of other children. Poverty engenders disproportionate exposure to psychological adversity which may contribute to impaired offspring development; however the effect may be mitigated by social support and other aspects of resilience. Our objective was to determine the association between maternal stress, adversity and social support and early infant neurobehavior and child behavior at two and three years. Methods We conducted a longitudinal mother-infant cohort study nested within a regional home visiting program in Cincinnati, Ohio. Four home study visits were completed to collect measures of maternal stress, adversity and social support and infant and child behavior. A measure of infant neurobehavior (‘high-arousal’ infant) was derived from the NICU Network Neurobehavioral Scale (NNNS) at 1 month and externalizing and internalizing symptoms were measured by the Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL) at 24 and 36 months. Linear and logistic regression identified associations between maternal risk/protective factors and infant and child behavioral measures. We used stratification and multiplicative interaction terms to examine potential interactions. Results We enrolled n=55 pregnant mothers and follow 53 mother-offspring dyads at 1 month, 40 dyads at 24 months and 27 dyads at 36 months. Maternal adversity and protective factors were not associated with neurobehavior at one month. However, maternal depression and measures of distress in pregnancy were significantly associated with internalizing and externalizing symptoms and 24 and 36 months. Conclusions This pilot study established the feasibility of conducting longitudinal research within a community intervention program. In addition, although there were no statistically significant associations between maternal psychosocial factors in pregnancy and infant neurobehavior, there were several associations at 24 months, primarily internalizing symptoms, which persisted through 36 months. Future work will replicate findings within a larger study as well as explore mediators and modifiers of these associations. The goal of this research is to reduce developmental delays by informing home visiting programs as well as early intervention services more broadly.
Investigation of the formation of high molecular hydrocarbons and soot in premixed hydrocarbon-oxygen flames

Measurements of concentrations of high molecular hydrocarbons in laminar flat low pressure flames with various hydrocarbons under sooting conditions are reported. The results show that for all fuels investigated in that region of the flames where the bulk of soot is formed besides the main combustion products some characteristic groups of species are to be found. Within these groups of species only few fuel specific characteristics are stated. The main fuel specific influence lies in the relative concentration for the species. A reaction scheme for the qualitative explanation of the results found is discussed.
Auroral Arcs: The Fracture Theory Revisited

The fracture theory for auroral arcs, developed by the author since 1980, compares the decoupling of the magnetic field from the ionosphere by the auroral acceleration region (AAR) with the breaking of a solid rod. In the latter elastic energy stored by the bending is converted into kinetic energy of the stress release motion. Similarly, magnetic energy stored in sheared magnetic fields is temporarily converted into stress release motions and finally transported as Poynting flux into the AAR. The fracture theory has been especially applied to arcs embedded in the convection of the evening auroral oval. The present study subjects the different steps in the fracture process to a critical analysis in the light of new physical insights. This boils down to a revision of the illustrating cartoon used in the earlier publications, without having affecting the quantitative evaluations. The first revision concerns the height extent of the AAR. It must be largely increased. The second revision introduces a nearly 2‐D magnetohydrodynamics (MHD) turbulence into the state of the AAR. This is supported by high‐altitude electric field data and leads to new view of auroral rays. The third revision describes the transition from the AAR to the ionosphere as structured by so‐called potential fingers, which contain substantial fractions of the total field‐parallel potential drop. The most important modification pertains to the average U‐shaped potential of a spontaneously propagating AAR. While the leading edge of the auroral current sheet is structured by stress release motions, the reverse flow in the rear section escapes simple interpretation. It is proposed that this flow is driven by a turbulent transport of reversed momentum from front to rear in response to the incompressibility of the magnetic field in the acceleration region. This leads to a revision of the field‐aligned currents and wavefield in the rear of the arc.
Cyanide bridged 2-D homometallic mixed-valence copper coordination polymer: synthesis, crystal architecture, Hirshfeld surface analysis and magnetic behavior

Abstract A 2-D homometallic mixed-valence copper coordination polymer, catena-poly[[tetrakis(μ-cyanido)-{(1-(N-acetopyridinine)-2-aminoethane)}-tri-copper] methanol monosolvate], {[Cu3(L)(CN)4]·CH3OH}n (1) [L = 1-(N-acetopyridinine)-2-aminoethane], has been isolated using a one-pot reaction of the building components and was characterized. The crystal structure consists of [CuIIL]2+ units and copper(I) ions bridged by μ-CN anions. The copper(II) center of the CuN5 chromophore displays a square pyramidal coordination geometry provided by three N atoms of the tridentate Schiff base and two N atoms of μ-NC ions, while the copper(I) centers adopt a trigonal-planar geometry. Three copper centers are interconnected through μ-CN/μ-NC via {-Cu1(L)(μ-NC)2Cu2(μ-CN)Cu3(μ-NC)-} units to form 2-D polymeric ribbons parallel to the b-axis. These 2-D polymeric ribbons in the crystalline state are further stabilized through π···π stacking interactions. Hirshfeld surface analysis was performed to gain additional insight into the interactions responsible for the packing of 1. Variable-temperature magnetic susceptibility studies showed a weak ferromagnetic interaction among the copper centers in 1 through cyanide bridges with J = 1.28 cm−1. Graphical abstract
Antibacterial and Anticancer Activity and Untargeted Secondary Metabolite Profiling of Crude Bacterial Endophyte Extracts from Crinum macowanii Baker Leaves

This study isolated and identified endophytic bacteria from the leaves of Crinum macowanii and investigated the potential of the bacterial endophyte extracts as antibacterial and anticancer agents and their subsequent secondary metabolites. Ethyl acetate extracts from the endophytes and the leaves (methanol: dichloromethane (1 : 1)) were used for antibacterial activity against selected pathogenic bacterial strains by using the broth microdilution method. The anticancer activity against the U87MG glioblastoma and A549 lung carcinoma cells was determined by the MTS (3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-5-(3-carboxymethoxy-phenyl)-2-(4-sulfophenyl)-2H-tetrazolium) assay. Bacterial endophytes that were successfully isolated from C. macowanii leaves include Raoultella ornithinolytica, Acinetobacter guillouiae, Pseudomonas sp. , Pseudomonas palleroniana, Pseudomonas putida, Bacillus safensis, Enterobacter asburiae, Pseudomonas cichorii, and Arthrobacter pascens. Pseudomonas cichorii exhibited broad antibacterial activity against both Gram-negative and Gram-positive pathogenic bacteria while Arthrobacter pascens displayed the least MIC of 0.0625 mg/mL. Bacillus safensis crude extracts were the only sample that showed notable cell reduction of 50% against A549 lung carcinoma cells at a concentration of 100 μg/mL. Metabolite profiling of Bacillus safensis, Pseudomonas cichorii, and Arthrobacter pascens crude extracts revealed the presence of known antibacterial and/or anticancer agents such as lycorine (1), angustine (2), crinamidine (3), vasicinol (4), and powelline. It can be concluded that the crude bacterial endophyte extracts obtained from C. macowanii leaves can biosynthesize bioactive compounds and can be bioprospected for medical application into antibacterial and anticancer agents.
Effects of Addition of Soybean Products on Dough Properties

A survey of the baking behavior of commercially available soybean products was carried out to estimate their effects on dough properties by using farinograph. The parameters read on the farinogram are classified into two groups by the principal component analysis; one is concerned with dough stability and the other with water absorption.It was found that the addition of soybean products at level of 5% to wheat flour, in general, make the characteristics of flour stronger, i.e., increasing both stability and water absorption. The dough stability correlates positively with the amount of native protein of soybean product and, consequently, some native defatted soy flours perform the effective functions in this respect. The water absorption of dough has positive correlation both with the protein content and with the protein dispersibility of added soybean products, and negative correlation with the amount of native protein. The danatured but soluble soy protein isolate is, therefore, effective for increasing .
ROLE OF ION HYDRATION IN THE CHARGE REGULATION AT THE SURFACE OF POROUS SILICA GEL

By using potentiometric titration of a precisely characterised porous silica gel sample in solutions of different electrolytes, an attempt has been made to detect a possible manifestation of the spatial inhomogeneity caused by electrostatic saturation in the hydration potential of ions in the vicinity of a charged interface. Experimentally, an appreciable difference between the titration curves for different background electrolytes is observed. To determine whether this can be attributed to the difference in the hydration potentials of different ions and to obtain a theoretical estimate of the magnitude of the effect expected, the titration curves were simulated using a charge-regulation model based on the non-linear Poisson–Boltzmann equation with dielectric saturation being either neglected or allowed for. The distributions of surface charge density and surface potential over pore sizes for different pH and ion strengths have been calculated. It has been found that, although ‘switching on’ the dielectric saturation results in a noticeable reduction in the equilibrium surface charge density, the summed effect is hardly observable by potentiometric titration because of a concomitant increase in the amount of ion pairs. This suggests that the difference in titration curves may be attributed to a difference in the intrinsic association constants, characteristic of individual ion pairs.
Analysing the effect of climate policies on poverty through employment channels

The recently proposed Green Deals and ‘building back better’ plans have affirmed the importance to make green transitions inclusive. This is particularly related to the labour market, which may witness significant changes. Empirically, this issue has until now received limited attention. The links between poverty and climate change are explored mainly through the lenses of climate change adaptation, or via the effects of rising energy prices on the purchasing power of poor households. We aim to address this gap by using results from a simulation of the global energy transition required to meet the 2-degree target, and compare this to a 6-degree baseline scenario. The simulation with a multi-regional input–output model finds that, overall, this transition results in a small net job increase of 0.3% globally, with cross-country heterogeneity. We complement this macro-level analysis with cross-country household data to draw implications of the effects on poverty through labour market outcomes. The few job losses will be concentrated in specific industries, while new jobs will be created in industries that currently witness relatively high in-work poverty rates, such as construction. We show that high in-work poverty in the industries of interest, and especially in middle-income countries, is often associated with low skills and an insufficient reach of social protection mechanisms. We conclude that green transitions must ensure that the jobs created are indeed decent including fair wages, adequate working conditions, sufficient social protection measures, and accessible to the vulnerable and poorest households.
Recreation demand and pricing policy for international tourists in developing countries: evidence from South Africa

ABSTRACT National park agencies in Africa often lack incentives to maximize revenue, despite the decline in conservation subsidies from the State. We explore the potential of pricing policy to generate funds for extensive conservation. We estimate recreation demand by international tourists for a popular South African park, calculate the consumer surplus and find the revenue-maximizing entrance fee. Our results suggest substantial underpricing and therefore significant forgone income. By charging low fees at popular parks despite increasing conservation mandates and declining conservation subsidies, national parks in developing countries are forgoing substantial revenue crucial for combating widespread biodiversity losses.
The impact of intuition and deliberation on acquisition-retention ambidexterity and sales performance: comparing the Dual-Process and Uni-Process Models

Abstract According to the Dual-Process Model, salespeople might utilize intuitive and/or deliberate judgments to make sales decisions. These two systems are distinct and used in isolation by the decision-maker. On the contrary, the Uni-Process Model suggests an alignment between the two styles of thinking based on common rules and principles, meaning they are integrated into one decision-making process. The processes happen simultaneously, not independently. We subscribe to this logic and test these two judgments according to salespeople’s perception across three studies. First, we examine salespeople in the shoe industry, second salespeople working in the retail banking, and finally through a comprehensive meta-analysis. We investigate the effects of salespeople’s intuition, deliberation, and ‘intuition-deliberation alignment’ on sales performance through the mediating mechanism of acquisition-retention ambidexterity, finding effects across each context. While this does provide evidence that the two judgments may work well separately, it strongly supports the use of the Uni-Process Model to explain and predict sales outcomes. Specifically, while both intuitive and deliberate judgment isolate increase sales performance through salespeople’s ambidextrous behavior, the newly created intuitive-deliberative alignment construct suggests that sales performance is higher when salespeople’s intuitive and deliberative judgements are both high rather than when both are low, and this effect goes through A-R ambidexterity.
Products of the Gas-Phase Reactions of NO3 Radicals with Furan and Tetramethylfuran

Furan and substituted furans were found to be atmospheric reaction products of the OH radical-initiated degradation of conjugated dienes, such as 1,3-butadiene, cis-1,3-pentadiene, and isoprene. They are also products of combustion processes. The purpose of this work is to identify the primary formed stable reaction products of the reaction of NO3 radicals toward furan and tetramethylfuran. Experiments were performed under flow conditions in the pressure range 5.5 < P (mbar) < 100 at 298 K. GC−MS/FID, direct MS, and long-path FT-IR served as detection techniques. cis-Butenedial and 3H-furan-2-one were found as main products of the reaction of NO3 radicals with furan in N2 with averaged formation yields of 0.77 and 0.19, respectively, independent of total pressure in the tube. In experiments with a maximum O2 concentration of 2.2 × 1018 molecule cm-3, an increase of the 3H-furan-2-one yield was observed up to 0.38. There were no indications for the formation of nitrates or peroxynitrates. In the reaction o.
Detection of diseased pine trees in unmanned aerial vehicle images by using deep convolutional neural networks

Abstract This study presents a method that uses high-resolution remote sensing images collected by an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) and combines MobileNet and Faster R-CNN for detecting diseased pine trees. MobileNet is used to remove backgrounds to reduce the interference of background information. Faster R-CNN is adopted to distinguish between diseased and healthy pine trees. The number of training samples is expanded due to the insufficient number of available UAV images. Experimental results show that the proposed method is better than traditional machine learning approaches, such as support vector machine and AdaBoost, and methods of DCNN, such as Alexnet, Inception and Faster R-CNN. Through sample expansion and background removal, the proposed method achieves effective detection of diseased pine trees in UAV images by using deep learning technology.
Enhancing inclusion through the collective activity of collaboration: a cultural historical activity theory perspective

ABSTRACT This research study focuses on how teachers experience, negotiate and resolve tensions through the collaboration with other teachers and members of staff and the factors which may influence, support or undermine their role as inclusive teachers. For the purposes of this study, we drew upon Cultural Historical Activity Theory framework to examine the interconnectedness of the factors that may influence teachers’ collaborative activities. We used Cyprus as our case study to explore the collective activity of collaboration (or lack of) between teachers and other members of staff in the school system. Research data revealed that teachers are increasingly aware of the value the collaboration with other teachers as a means to achieve inclusion more successfully. However, a number of factors including professional factors and contextual factors such as increased workload, lack of additional personnel in classrooms, curriculum demands and home-school relationship were found to create tensions in the activity of collaboration and consequently to affect the implementation of inclusion in the school system.
Consumption of Carnivores by Wolves: A Worldwide Analysis of Patterns and Drivers

The occurrence of carnivore species in wolf diet has been overlooked and poorly studied despite the potential implications for wolf ecology and wildlife management. We conducted an extensive literature review, focusing on 120 wolf diet studies worldwide to assess global patterns of carnivore consumption by wolves and their ecological and human-related determinants. We used a total of 143 sampling sites with data on the consumption of carnivores by wolves. In total, 35 carnivore species were reported to be consumed by wolves, comprising members of all taxonomic carnivore families represented within the gray wolf range. The carnivores were mostly limited to occasional consumption (<5% of wolf diet) but could account for as much as 25% in some study areas. The most frequently consumed carnivore species were those with reported scavenging behavior, belonging to medium-sized generalist canids. Generalized linear model (GLM) analysis revealed that higher magnitudes of carnivore consumption were related to nonprotected areas as well as lower occurrences of wild ungulates, domestic ungulates, and small mammals in wolf diet, while higher numbers of consumed carnivore species were related to nonprotected areas with low vegetation productivity and lower occurrences of domestic ungulates and small mammals in wolf diet. Our results suggest that carnivore consumption by wolves is driven by altered ecosystems and human-dominated landscapes, where mesopredator densities are often increased and prey densities decreased, which intensify competition and the need for alternative food sources.
NON-GOVERNMENTAL ORGANIZATIONS IN POLAND: THEIR ROLE AND SOURCES OF FINANCING

Non-governmental organizations (NGOs) are institutions that belong most often to the social service sector, whose goals are to meet the specific needs of people that are not being met, or not being met adequately, by commercial organizations or state administrations. Such NGOs work to help citizens develop and to improve themselves and their life situations. This article presents an overview of the role played by NGOs in Poland and how they are funded.