Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Cervical Cancer Screening: Recommendations for Muslim Societies.

BACKGROUND The overall cervical cancer incidence rate is low in Iran; however, because of a higher risk of death for cervical cancer, a disease that kills women in middle age, a cervical cancer control program is needed. The aim of this study was to provide consensus recommendation for cervical cancer prevention in Iran and other Muslim societies with low incidences of cervical cancer. MATERIALS AND METHODS Through a practical guideline development cycle, we developed six questions that were relevant to produce the recommendation. We reviewed 190 full text records of cervical cancer in Iran (1971 to 2013) of which 13 articles were related to the data needed to answer the recommendation questions. We also reviewed World Health Organization, IARC, GLOBOCAN report, Iran Ministry of Health cancer registry report and 8 available foreign countries guidelines. Lastly, we also evaluated the Pap smear results of 825 women who participated in the Iranian HPV survey, of whom 328 were followed-up after a 5-year interval. RESULTS The obtained data highlighted the burden of HPV and cervical cancer situation in Iran. Experts emphasized the necessity of a cervical cancer screening program for Iranian women, and recommended an organized screening program with a cytological evaluation (Pap smear) that would start at the age of 30 years, repeated every 5 years, and end at the age of 69 years. Meanwhile, there is no need for screening among women with a hysterectomy, and screening should be postponed to post-partum among pregnant women. CONCLUSIONS An organized cervical cancer screening is a necessity for Iran as more than 500-900 women in middle age diagnosed with an invasive cervical cancer every year cannot be ignored. This recommendation should be taken into account by the National Health System of Iran and Muslim countries with shared culture and behavior patterns. CUBA HPV test could be consideration in countries Muslim country with appropriate budget, resources and facility.
User-driven Association Rule Mining using a Local Algorithm

One of the main issues in the process of Knowledge Discovery in Databases is the Mining of Association Rules. Although a great variety of pattern mining algorithms have been designed to this purpose, their main problems rely on in the large number of extracted rules, that need to be filtered in a post-processing step resulting in fewer but more interesting results. In this paper we suggest a new algorithm, that allows the user to explore the rules space locally and incrementally. The user interests and preferences are represented by means of the new proposed formalism - the Rule Schemas. The method has been successfully tested on the database provided by Nantes Habitat.
Health promotion for women with human immunodeficiency virus or acquired immunodeficiency syndrome

Purpose: The purpose of this pilot study was twofold: first, to modify Stuifbergen’s health promotion intervention initially developed for women with multiple sclerosis for use among women with human immunodeficiency virus or acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (HIV/AIDS) and to evaluate the feasibility of the newly modified health promotion intervention named “Put Health Into Living” (PHIL). The pilot study was completed in two phases. Data sources: In phase I, data were derived from a literature review, a focus group of women with HIV/AIDS (n= 7), a panel of experts who reviewed the intervention for content, and three female community workers who evaluated the intervention for the context of living with HIV/AIDS, cultural relevancy, and literacy. During phase II, a pretest/posttest one‐group design was used to determine the feasibility of the study methods, content, and format of the health promotion intervention among 10 women with HIV/AIDS. Conclusions: The pilot study demonstrated the importance of a health promotion intervention for a vulnerable population. Participants verbalized the benefits of attending a health promotion program to gain knowledge and skills to promote their health. One woman said, “I have been positive for 20 years now and no one has talked to me just about my overall health. ” Participants indicated the PHIL intervention offered a supportive group environment, an overall health focus, and an acceptable format. Implications for practice: Health promotion is a desirable goal for persons living with a chronic disease, and the PHIL intervention has the potential to benefit persons living with HIV/AIDS if subsequent evidence is found in further testing of the intervention.
Frequent Homologous Recombination Events in Mycobacterium tuberculosis PE/PPE Multigene Families: Potential Role in Antigenic Variability

ABSTRACT The PE and PPE (PE/PPE) multigene families of Mycobacterium tuberculosis are particularly GC-rich and share extensive homologous repetitive sequences. We hypothesized that they may undergo homologous recombination events, a mechanism rarely described in the natural evolution of mycobacteria. To test our hypothesis, we developed a specific oligonucleotide-based microarray targeting nearly all of the PE/PPE genes, aimed at detecting signals for homologous recombination. Such a microarray has never before been reported due to the multiplicity and highly repetitive and homologous nature of these sequences. Application of the microarray to a collection of M. tuberculosis clinical isolates (n = 33) representing prevalent spoligotype strain families in Tunisia allowed successful detection of six deleted genomic regions involving a total of two PE and seven PPE genes. Some of these deleted genes are known to be immunodominant or involved in virulence. The four precisely determined deletions were flanked by 400- to 500-bp stretches of nearly identical sequences lying mainly at the conserved N-terminal region of the PE/PPE genes. These highly homologous sequences thus serve as substrates to mediate both intergenic and intragenic homologous recombination events, indicating an important function in generating strain variation. Importantly, all recombination events yielded a new in-frame fusion chimeric gene. Hence, homologous recombination within and between PE/PPE genes likely increased their antigenic variability, which may have profound implications in pathogenicity and/or host adaptation. The finding of high prevalence (∼45% and ∼58%) for at least two of the genomic deletions suggests that they likely confer advantageous biological attributes.
Transmission of a Gammabaculovirus within Cohorts of Balsam Fir Sawfly (Neodiprion abietis) Larvae

Nucleopolyhedroviruses (NPV: Gammabaculovirus: Baculoviridae) of diprionid sawflies (Diprionidae: Hymenoptera) are highly host specific and only infect the midgut epithelium. While still alive, infected sawfly larvae excrete NPV-laden diarrhea that contaminates food sources. The diarrhea can then be consumed by conspecific larvae, resulting in rapid horizontal transmission of the virus. To better understand the efficacy of Gammabaculovirus-based biological control products, the horizontal spread of such a virus (NeabNPV) within cohorts of balsam fir sawfly (Neodiprion abietis) larvae was studied by introducing NeabNPV-treated larvae into single-cohort groups at densities similar to those observed during the increasing (field study) and peak (laboratory study) phases of an outbreak. In field studies (~200 N. abietis larvae/m2 of balsam fir (Abies balsamea) foliage), NeabNPV-induced mortality increased positively in a density-dependent manner, from 23% (in control groups) to 51% with the addition of one first-instar NeabNPV-treated larva, to 84% with 10 first–instar-treated larvae. Mortality was 60% and 63% when one or 10 NeabNPV-treated third-instar larva(e), respectively, were introduced into groups. Slightly higher levels of NeabNPV-induced mortality occurring when NeabNPV-treated larvae were introduced into first- rather than third-instar cohorts suggests that early instars are more susceptible to the virus. In the laboratory (~1330 N. abietis larvae/ m2 of foliage), NeabNPV-caused mortality increased from 20% in control groups to over 80% with the introduction of one, five or 10 NeabNPV-treated larvae into treatment groups of first-instar larvae.
Design of antipodal vivaldi antennas using kernel regression optimization

This paper proposes the design of antipodal Vivaldi antennas using the kernel regression method. The kernel regression is applied for training a cost function model to predict the next sample with improved cost values, and the information of the predicted sample is employed to re-train the model. This process is repeated until the cost value converges to our design goal. The shapes of the tapered slot line and the extended ground are determined by adjusting coefficients of multi-Gaussian functions. The optimized antenna has an overall dimensions of 88.1 × 120 mm2 and shows an average reflection coefficient of −11.1 dB in the frequency band.
Engaging for success: enhancing performance through employee engagement, a report to Government

Printed in the UK on recycled paper containing a minimum of 75% post consumer waste. The text in this document may be reproduced free of charge in any format or medium providing it is reproduced accurately and not used in a misleading context. The material must be acknowledged as Crown copyright and the title of the document specified. Where we have identified any third party material you will need to obtain permission from the parties concerned. The views expressed in this report are the authors' and do not necessarily reflect those of the Department or the Government. The authors are not responsible for any third party material. Original material for the case studies has been supplied by the organisations themselves and were chosen to reflect a range of sectors of the UK economy, but do not constitute a representative sample. This timely Report sets out for the first time the evidence that underpins what we all know intuitively, which is that only organisations that truly engage and inspire their employees produce world class levels of innovation, productivity and performance. The lessons that flow from that evidence can and should shape the way leaders and managers in both the private and public sectors think about the people who work for them. They should also shape the way employees approach their jobs and careers. A recession might seem an unusual time for such reflection – in fact, the opposite is the case. Because Britain's economic recovery and its competitive strengths in a global economy will be built on strong, innovative companies and confident employees, there has never been a more important time to think about employee engagement in Britain. This report helps take forward that debate. It sets out what government can do to help promote an understanding of just how much greater employee engagement can help improve innovation, performance and productivity across the economy. It launches a challenge that my department will take forward in the months ahead. 1 Introduction 1 We were asked by the then Secretary of State for Business in the autumn of 2008 to take an in-depth look at employee engagement and to report on its potential benefits for companies, organisations and individual employees. When the new Secretary of State, Lord Mandelson, met us in the spring, as the recession was biting, he encouraged us to examine in particular whether a wider take up of engagement approaches …
Promoting Efficient Use of Spectrum Through Elimination of Barriers to the Development of Secondary Markets

Pursuant to section 801(a)(2)(A) of title 5, United States Code, this is our report on a major rule promulgated by the Federal Communications Commission (FCC), entitled “Promoting Efficient Use of Spectrum Through Elimination of Barriers to the Development of Secondary Markets” (FCC 03-113). We received the rule on December 4, 2003. It was published in the Federal Register as a final rule on November 25, 2003. 68 Fed. Reg. 66252.
Power Spectral Analysis of Heart Rate and Diastolic Blood Pressure Variability in Migraine with and Without Aura

Autonomic function in migraineurs during headache-free periods was studied by means of cardiovascular reflexes and power spectral analysis of heart rate and diastolic blood pressure variability. We examined 56 patients: 37 suffering from migraine without aura and 19 from migraine with aura. Cardiovascular responses to the tilt test and Valsalva manoeuvre showed a normal function of the overall baroreceptor reflex arc. Normal heart rate responses to valsalva manoeuvre and deep breathing suggested an intact parasympathetic function. Power spectral analysis of both heart rate and diastolic blood pressure variability in basal conditions and during orthostatic test showed similar sympathovagal interactions modulating cardiovascular control in migraine patients and in controls.
Movement Classification based on Acceleration Spectrogram with Dynamic Time Warping Method

In this paper, we propose a movement classification model using acceleration spectrogram combined with dynamic time warping method. First, the proposed system collects data sets from a mobile device embedded acceleration sensor, and filters only coordinate data, which has an effect on the states of movements. Then the data sets in the form of frequency are converted into spectrograms. The RGB color vectors in these spectrograms are used to classify the states of movements. In order to classify these changes, a DTW algorithm is used. Finally, we validate the feasibility and applicability of the proposed model by implementing and applying it to three typical human navigational movements, namely, plain walking, going upstairs and going downstairs.
EDUCING R ENDER T IME IN R AY T RACING BY P IXEL AVERAGING

Many computer graphics rendering algorithms and techniques use ray tracing for generating natural and photo-realistic images. Ray tracing is a method to convert 3D-modeles into 2D-high quality images by complex computation. The millions of rays must be simulated and traced to create realistic image. A method for reducing render time is acceleration structures. The kd-tree is the most commonly used in accelerating ray tracing algorithms. This paper has focused on reducing render time. We propose tow methods that are combined with ray tracing method for obtaining some pixel colour of image plane. Our methods are linear algorithm and are faster than ray tracing method. Our results show that our methods are at least 50% faster than spatial median approach for reasonably complex scenes with around 70k polygons and about 0.2% quality degradation. In this article, we show that these proposal methods can be combined with other ray tracing methods such as SAH to reduce render time.
Molecular Pathways Controlling Heart Development

Heart formation requires complex interactions among cells from multiple embryonic origins. Recent studies have begun to reveal the genetic pathways that control cardiac morphogenesis. Many of the genes within these pathways are conserved across vast phylogenetic distances, which has allowed cardiac development to be dissected in organisms ranging from flies to mammals. Studies of cardiac development have also revealed the molecular defects underlying several congenital cardiac malformations in humans and may ultimately provide opportunities for genetic testing and intervention.
Epidemiologic correlates of sporadic amyotrophic lateral sclerosis

We evaluated 74 selected patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) and 201 matched controls for risk factors for ALS by a case-control design and a sequential questionnaire/interview technique to quantitate biographic data. We analyzed occupational and recreational data only for 47 male patients and 47 corresponding patient controls; data for women were insufficient. We used nonparametric analyses to evaluate five primary comparisons of ALS patients with controls: (1) more hard physical labor, p not significant (NS); (2) greater frequency of neurodegenerative disease in family members, p NS; (3) greater exposure to lead, p <0.05; (4) more years lived in a rural community, p NS; and (5) more trauma or major surgery, p NS. Men with ALS had worked more frequently at blue-collar jobs (although not a statistically significant difference, p = 0.10) and at welding or soldering (p <0.01). These results suggest that there may be an association between ALS in men and exposure to lead vapor. The limited nature of the association favors a multifactorial etiologic mechanism of ALS.
Building Java program analysis tools using Javana

Javana is a tool for creating customized Java program analysis tools. It comes with an easy-to-use instrumentation framework that enables programmers to develop profiling tools that crosscut the Java application, the Java Virtual Machine (JVM) and the native execution layers. The goal of this poster is to demonstrate the power of Javana, using object lifetime computation as an example.Object lifetime has proven to be useful for analyzing and optimizing the behavior of Java applications. Computing object lifetime is conceptually simple, however, in practice it is often challenging. The JVM needs to be adjusted in numerous ways in order to track all possible accesses to all objects, including accesses that occur through the Java Native Interface (JNI), the standard class libraries, and the JVM implementation itself. Capturing all object accesses through manual instrumentation requires an in-depth understanding of the JVM and its libraries. We show that using Javana is both easier and more accurate than manual instrumentation.
A socio‐cognitive interpretation of the potential effects of downsizing on software quality performance

Organizational downsizing research indicates that downsizing does not always realize its strategic intent and may, in fact, have a detrimental impact on organizational performance. In this paper, we extend the notion that downsizing negatively impacts performance and argue that organizational downsizing can potentially be detrimental to software quality performance. Using social cognitive theory (SCT), we primarily interpret the negative impacts of downsizing on software quality performance by arguing that downsizing results in a realignment of social networks (environmental factors), thereby affecting the self‐efficacy and outcome expectations of a software professional (personal factors), which, in turn, affect software quality performance (outcome of behaviour undertaken). We synthesize relevant literature from the software quality, SCT and downsizing research streams and develop a conceptual model. Two major impacts of downsizing are hypothesized in the conceptual model. First, downsizing destroys formal and informal social networks in organizations, which, in turn, negatively impacts software developers' self‐efficacy and outcome expectations through their antecedents, with consequent negative impacts on software development process efficiency and software product quality, the two major components of software quality performance. Second, downsizing negatively affects antecedents of software development process efficiency, namely top management leadership, management infrastructure sophistication, process management efficacy and stakeholder participation with consequent negative impacts on software quality performance. This theoretically grounded discourse can help demonstrate how organizational downsizing can potentially impact software quality performance through key intervening constructs. We also discuss how downsizing and other intervening constructs can be managed to mitigate the negative impacts of downsizing on software quality performance.
A parallel accelerated approach of HMM Forward Algorithm for IBM Roadrunner clusters

In this work we propose an efficient parallel approach of Hidden Markov Model classification based on Cell Broadband Engine (Cell/B.E.) architecture. The Cell/B.E. technology offers us the possibility of developing two level parallelization algorithms due to the hybrid architecture feature of this kind of processors. Based on this concept, we developed and analyzed two different techniques of parallelization of Forward Algorithm using the Message Passing Interface (MPI) model and the MPI combined with the Synergistic Processing Elements (SPEs) benefits on the Cell Broadband Engine processors. We evaluate the performance of our parallel approach for Markov models with long sequence length and large state spaces on an IBM Roadrunner cluster equipped with PowerXCell8i processors. We obtained encouraging results in terms of parallel efficiency gained on Cell/B.E. processors.
How can we prevent cardiovascular disease in diabetes

Evidence based goals for the treatment and prevention of atherosclerosis in diabetes are given in international and national guidelines. The importance of optimal control of lipids and blood pressure has been shown in several studies. With available drugs and behavioural modifications the treatment goals can be reached in most cases. However, only a few patients with diabetes are treated optimally today. A major possibility to reduce cardiovascular disease in diabetes is to treat patients according to guidelines.
A new assessment of the error budget of global mean sea level rate estimated by satellite altimetry over 1993–2008

Abstract. A new error budget assessment of the global Mean Sea Level (MSL) determined by TOPEX/Poseidon and Jason-1 altimeter satellites between January 1993 and June 2008 is presented using last altimeter standards. We discuss all potential errors affecting the calculation of the global MSL rate. We also compare altimetry-based sea level with tide gauge measurements over the altimetric period. Applying a statistical approach, this allows us to provide a realistic error budget of the MSL rise measured by satellite altimetry. These new calculations highlight a reduction in the rate of sea level rise since 2005, by ~2 mm/yr. This represents a 60% reduction compared to the 3.3 mm/yr sea level rise (glacial isostatic adjustment correction applied) measured between 1993 and 2005. Since November 2005, MSL is accurately measured by a single satellite, Jason-1. However the error analysis performed here indicates that the recent reduction in MSL rate is real.
Physics-based electromigration modeling and assessment for multi-segment interconnects in power grid networks

Electromigration (EM) is considered to be one of the most important reliability issues for current and future ICs in 10nm technology and below. In this paper we focus on the EM stress evaluation for one-dimensional multi-segment interconnect wires in which all the segments have the same direction, which is a common routing structure for power grid networks. The proposed method, which is based on integral transform technique, could efficiently calculate the hydrostatic stress evolution for multi-segment metal wires stressed with different current densities. The new method can also naturally consider the pre-existing residual stresses coming from thermal or other stress sources. Based on this new transient EM assessment method, a full-chip assessment algorithm for power grid networks is then proposed. The new algorithm is also based on the IR-drop metrics for failure assessment of the power grid networks. However, it finds the precise location and time of EM-induced void nucleation by directly checking the time-changing hydrostatic stresses of all the wires. The resulting EM assessment method can ensure sufficient accuracy of the EM verification for large scale power grid networks without sacrificing the efficiency. The accuracy of the proposed transient analysis approach is validated against the numerical analysis. Also the resulting EM-aware full-chip power grid reliability analysis has been demonstrated and compared with existing methods.