Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
INTERMEDIATE FILAMENT GENE EXPRESSION IN NORMAL AND RETROGRADE DEGENERATION OF RAT BRAINS AS VISUALIZED BY IN SITU HYBRIDIZATION

Intermediate filaments of the CNS, neurofilament and glial filament, vary in amount with cell types and locations and with normal and pathological conditions. In order to establish whether these differences depend on the amount of their cytoplasmic messenger RNA (mRNA), we tried to detect the mRNA of the peptides constituting these filaments by Northern blot analysis and by in situ hybridization. We found mRNAs of both peptides in the perinuclear zone of nerve cells or glial cells of the rat brain. Thus, intermediate filament peptides are synthesized in the perikaryal cytoplasm, and not in the processes where the filaments exist. The neurons with thicker and longer axons tended to have larger amounts of NF-L mRNA in the cytoplasm. In the retrograde degeneration of rat facial nucleus, the amount of NF-L mRNA decreased, indicating a decline of its synthesis in the stage of axon regeneration. GFAP mRNA increased in the area of the damaged facial nucleus. The GFAP gene of the protoplasmic astroglia located in these areas may be induced by the brain damage, and this may lead to the formation of gliosis in the gray matter.
Association of SPEF2 gene splices variant and functional SNP with semen quality traits in Chinese Holstein bulls

This paper preliminarily studied the post-transcription regulation mechanism of sperm flagella 2(SPEF2) gene through analyzing gene alternative splicing,and further single nucleotide polymorphism(SNP) was scanned and predicted whether it is the reason producing the SPEF2 gene splice variant or not. Meanwhile,the association between the SNP and semen quality traits was analysed. Using RT-PCR and clone sequencing,we investigated the potentiol splices variant of bovine SPEF2 gene. 50 Chinese Holstein bulls were genotyped by the PCR-RFLP(PCR-restriction fragment length polymorphism). The results showed that a novel bovine SPEF2 splice variant(SPEF2-SV) was identified in testis tissues using RT-PCR and cloning sequence which deleted a 459 bp sequence and encoded a putative shorten isoform(1 618 aa); RT-PCR results showed that SPEF2-SV presented lower expression in testis when compared with the reference SPEF2-complete transcript. A SNP(g. 11043CT) near the splice sites around 140 bp was found in intron 1 of the bovine SPEF2 gene,which was located within a putative exonic splice enhancer(ESE). Using ESEfinder 3. 0 software,we predicted that the SNP changed the SC35 combination with the target sequence and it might be the reason for the generation of the aberrant SPEF2-SV transcript. Association between the genotypes of the SNP and sperm quality traits showed that the SNP had a significant effect on the semen deformity rate(P0. 05). However,no significant differences were found for the ejaculate volume,sperm density and sperm motility,of which,the additive,dominance and allele substitution effects of mutant allele on sperm deformity rate were-1. 24%,-2. 99% and-0. 76%,respectively. The result indicated that SPEF2 gene was regulated by alternative splicing mechanism and the SNP(g. 11043CT) can be used as a potential novel molecular marker for the selection of fineness semen quality traits in Chinese Holstein bulls.
Pea leaf weevil (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) spatial distribution in peas

The effects of tillage, location within a plot, and date of sampling on the spatial distribution of adult Sitona lineatus (L.) in peas, Pisum sativum L. , were evaluated using geostatistical analyses. The geostatistics procedure uses spatial variation to determine the degree and type of spatial association and dependence of spatially related data. These analyses showed that 88% of the locations sampled had aggregated spatial distribution for adult S. lineatus. The variation that was spatially dependent was only 11.5%. Of the 2 types of aggregated spatial distributions, the spherical spatial distribution was most common on the 1st sampling date under conventional tillage, whereas the check-mark spatial distribution was most common on the 2nd sampling date in the outside edge locations of the pea plots. The smoother soil surface and reduced plant residue of the conventional tillage plot may have increased weevil movement and facilitated aggregation development. The spatial dynamics of this insect changed over time and was probably affected by the physical environment, as represented by the 2 tillage regimes and location within the pea plots. The geostatistical analyses provided insights into the spatial distribution of this insect and potential relationship with agronomic practices.
DEVELOPMENTAL RATES AND TOLERANCES OF THE RED RIVER PUPFISH, CYPRINODON RUBROFLUVIATILIS

Eggs of Cyprinodon rubrofluviatilis can be successfully incubated at temperatures between 14.0 and 36.4" C. The upper limit slightly exceeds that previously reported in the literature. Cyprinodon is well known for its resistance to environmental stress (Martin, 1968). Many of the "world record" salt tolerances for fishes are held by Cyprinodon variegatus (Renfro, 1960-incubation at 110 ppt; Simpson and Gunter, 1956-adults at 142 ppt). The same species is known to inhabit fresh waters isolated from sea water by over 100 stream kilometers and an immense impoundment (Trevifio-Robinson, 1959). Cyprinodon can tolerate virtually the hottest natural waters (Miller, 1948) and C. macularius eggs have hatched at the highest incubation temperatures (Kinne and Kinne, 1962) that we know to have been recorded prior to the present study. Although the extremes may occur in Cyprinodon, most cyprinodonts are euryplastic, for example, at high temperatures (31.3-37.3'C) Crenichthys survived extremely low (0.5-1.6 ppm) oxygen concentrations (Hubbs and Hettler, 1964). Our major purpose was to determine the temperature tolerances of the eggs and larvae of a population of Cyprinodon rubrofluviatliis. MATERIALS AND METHODS. Stocks of C. rubrofluviatilis were taken from Oscar Creek, 1 km E of Oscar, Jefferson County, Oklahoma, and transported to the University of Oklahoma Biological Station in styrofoam coolers; they were main- tained in outside bathtubs. The maintainance temperatures were 25-30" C and the fish were fed dried aquarium food. Eggs were "stripped" into a petri dish and the anal fins of "stripped" males were gently rubbed across the eggs mass. Because males seldom produced visible quantities of milt, we could not be certain that sperm were available for fertilization; on occasion eggs were mixed with macerated testes resulting in high fertilization percentages and reduced male stocks. The fertilized eggs were then innoculated into the glass culture tubes of temperature
Dosimetry study of intensity modulated radiation therapy for left side breast cancer

目的 比较左侧乳腺癌保乳术后调强放疗与常规放疗靶区内剂量均匀性、心脏照射剂量和体积的差异. 方法对38例左侧乳腺癌保乳术后,应用逆向调强计划,实施全乳腺两野调强放疗. 处方剂量为靶区X线46Gy,瘤床应用常规电子线追加14Gy,总量为60Gy. 在同一病例CT片上设计常规全乳切线野照射46Gy. 在两种治疗方法剂量体积直方图上比较靶区和心脏受照剂量. 应用SPSS11.0软件进行配对T检验,以确定调强放疗是否可改善靶区内剂量均匀度并减少心脏受照剂量. 结果调强放疗、常规放疗计划中CTV的D95分别为(4541±34)、(4517±62)cGy,V105%分别为17. 5%±17.6%、29.4%±26.3%(P＜0.01);V110%分别为0. 3%±0.8%和3. 7%±8.2%(P=0.010). 心脏的V30分别为4. 6%±4.3%、18.8%±12.2%(P＜0.01);V40分别为1. 4%±2.3%、14.3%±11.0%(P＜0.01). 结论左侧乳腺癌保乳术后,调强放疗能改善靶区剂量分布、减少心脏受照剂量和体积。
Empirical study of bone marrow stem cells participating in the recovery of acute tubular necrosis in mice

Objective To observe whether bone marrow stem cells can differentiate into renal tubular epithelial cells in physiology and pathology conditions. Methods Transgenic C57BL/6 mice labelled with green flouresent protein (GFP) were bone marrow donors. C57BL/6 mice without fluorescence label were divided into normal group, total body irradiation group,ischemia/reperfusion (IR) group, bone marrow transplantation (BMT) group, BMT+IR group. Bone marrow reconstruction of the recipients was proved by blood routine and flow cytometry of bone marrow cells after transplantation, and the distribution and the amount of green fluorescence in kidneys of recipients were observed by fluorescence histochemistry and immunohistochemistry. Results Lethally total body irradiation made no significant change in renal histological structure and function. Green fluorescence was seen in renal tubular epithelium of the recipients on day 56 and 84 (positive cell,78.75%±5.99% ,79.54%±4.60% after bone marrow transplantation. These positive cells locating in tubular epithelium were further proved by laser scanning confocal microscope, and fluorescence histochemistry showed these cells expressed renal tubular epithelium specific protein megalin. Conclusion Bone marrow stem cells can differentiate into renal tubular epithelial cells and participate in regeneration of renal tubular epithelium in physiology and pathology conditions, and the number of epithelial cells derived from the bone marrow is associated with the degree of the injury in acute tubular necrosis.
Germination of Spores of Glomus Macrocarpus (Endogonaceae) After Passage Through a Rodent Digestive Tract

Small mammal mycophagy is an incontrovertible fact: the literature contains hundreds of convincing reports of behavioral observations, stomach content analyses, and feeding experiments on mycophagy with a wide variety of animals. The ecological implications of the phenomenon are less well documented. For example, most authors have assumed that small mammals which eat hypogeous fungi are spore vectors as has been demonstrated for coprophilous fungi (5, 7). Demoulin (2), in contrast, asserts that ". dispersal through rodents is certainly secondary, if there is any dispersal, since it is mostly unripe fruitbodies that are picked up. " Neither assumption has been demonstrated. Our examination of stomach contents of hundred of small mammal
Effects of PEG Stress and Recovery on Activities of Key Enzymes Involved in Proline Metabolism in Wheat Cultivars with Difference in Drought Tolerance

The contents of proline and activities of key enzymes involved in proline metabolism in the leaves and roots were investigated for two wheat cultivar seedlings(differing in drought tolerance)exposed to PEG-6000 stress and recovery.The results showed that:(1)The root length and the root dry weight of‘Pubing 143'(drought tolerant)were little affected little by PEG stress,whereas the root length and the root dry weight of‘Zhengyin 1'(drought sensitive)decreased significantly.Under PEG stress the increasing range(75.0%)of proline content in the roots of‘Pubing 143'was more than that in‘Zhengyin 1'(37.7%)at 36 hand the proline contents of both genotypes tended to be equal to their respective control after recovery from drought;(2)The activities of P5CS(synthesize proline from glutamate)andδ-OAT(synthesize proline from ornithine)increased significantly in the leaves of‘Pubing 143'under PEG stress,which indicated that two biosynthetic pathways were enhanced in the drought-tolerance cultivar‘Pubing143'under PEG stress.P5 CS activity increased while the change ofδ-OAT activity was not obvious in‘Zhengyin 1'at 36 h,which indicated that the leaves of drought-sensitive cultivar‘Zhengyin 1'synthesized proline from ornithine primarily under PEG stress.Under PEG stress the activities of P5 CS andδ-OAT were less affected in both wheat varieties roots;(3)PDH activity had a significant decrease at 36 hunder PEG stress and increased significantly after recovery in the leaves of‘Pubing 143'. PDH activity increased significantly compared with control in leaves of‘Zhengyin 1'under PEG stress.However,the activity of PDH decreased significantly in both wheat varieties roots.These results suggested that proline was mainly synthesized in the leaves of wheat and the accumulation of proline in the roots of‘Pubing 143'was associated with increased P5 CS activity in leaves and transport of proline.
[Participation of GABA--benzodiazepine receptor complex in the anxiolytic effect of piracetam].

: It is established that bicuculline, picrotoxin, and flumazenil (agents blocking different sites of GABA receptor) decrease the anxiolytic effect of piracetam as manifested in the conflict situation test. The most pronounced interaction was observed between piracetam and flumazenyl. On the background of antagonist action, piracetam inhibited the effects of flumazenil (but not those of bicuculline and picrotoxin). Based on these data, it is assumed that the anxiolytic effect of piracetam is mediated to some extent by benzodiazepine site of the GABA-benzodiazepine receptor complex.
Influence of Arsenate on Lipid Peroxidation Levels and Antioxidant Enzyme Activities in Bacillus cereus Strain XZM002 Isolated from High Arsenic Aquifer Sediments

Bacillus cereus strain XZM002 isolated from high arsenic aquifer sediments of Datong Basin was applied to examine the effects of arsenate stress on antioxidant enzyme activities, lipid peroxidation levels and cell growth inhibition rate. After 2 d exposure, the cell growth inhibition rate enhanced with an increase of As(V) concentrations (0, 800, 1600 μg/l). Reactive oxygen species and glutathione contents, lipid peroxidation levels, and antioxidant enzymes (glutathione peroxidase, and other three) activities of the treated cells were significantly higher than those of the controls during 3 d exposure (p < 0.05). Besides, the levels of nine parameters reached maximum after 2 d exposure and increased significantly with increasing arsenate stress (p < 0.05). However, they returned to levels similar to those of the control on the fourth day of exposure. The results suggested that the antioxidant defense system in B. cereus strain XZM002 could protect the cells from oxidative damage induced by arsenate.
A Robust Opinion Spam Detection Method Against Malicious Attackers in Social Media

Online reviews are potent sources for industry owners and buyers, however opportunistic people may try to destruct or promote their desired product by publishing fake comments named spam opinion. So far, many models have been developed to detect spam opinions, but none have addressed the issue of spam attack. It is a way a smart spammer can deceive the system in a manner in which he can continue generating spams without the fear of being detected and blocked by the system. In this paper, the spam attacks are discussed. Moreover, a robust graph-based spam detection method is proposed. The method respectively estimates honesty, trust and reliability values of reviews, reviewers, and products considering possible deception scenarios. The paper also presents the efficiency of the proposed method as compared to other graph-based methods through some case studies.
An adaptive proximal point algorithm framework and application to large-scale optimization

We investigate the proximal point algorithm (PPA) and its inexact extensions under an error bound condition, which guarantees a global linear convergence if the proximal regularization parameter is larger than the error bound condition parameter. We propose an adaptive generalized proximal point algorithm (AGPPA), which adaptively updates the proximal regularization parameters based on some implementable criteria. We show that AGPPA achieves linear convergence without any knowledge of the error bound condition parameter, and the rate only differs from the optimal one by a logarithm term. We apply AGPPA on convex minimization problem and analyze the iteration complexity bound of the resulting algorithm. Our framework and the complexity results apply to arbitrary linearly convergent inner solver and allows a hybrid with any locally fast convergent method. We illustrate the performance of AGPPA by applying it to solve large-scale linear programming (LP) problem. The resulting complexity bound has a weaker dependence on the Hoffman constant and scales with the dimension better than linearized ADMM. In numerical experiments, our algorithm demonstrates improved performance in obtaining solution of medium accuracy on large-scale LP problem.
Reliable Traffic Monitoring Mechanisms Based on Blockchain in Vehicular Networks

Real-time traffic monitoring is a fundamental mission in a smart city to understand traffic conditions and avoid dangerous accidents. In this article, we propose a reliable and efficient traffic monitoring system that integrates blockchain and the Internet of Vehicles technologies effectively. It can crowdsource its tasks of traffic information collection to vehicles that run on the road instead of installing cameras in every corner. First, we design a lightweight blockchain-based information trading framework to model the interactions between traffic administration and vehicles. It guarantees reliability, efficiency, and security during executing trading. Second, we define the utility functions for the entities in this system and come up with a budgeted auction mechanism that motivates vehicles to undertake the collection tasks actively. In our algorithm, it not only ensures that the total payment to the selected vehicles does not exceed a given budget but also maintains the truthfulness of the auction process that prevents some vehicles from offering unreal bids for getting greater utilities. Finally, we conduct a group of numerical simulations to evaluate the reliability of our trading framework and performance of our algorithms, whose results demonstrate their correctness and efficiency perfectly.
Co-Design to Enable User-Friendly Tools to Assess the Impact of Future Mobility Solutions

The design of future mobility solutions and the design of the mobility systems they enable are closely coupled. Indeed, knowledge about the intended service of novel mobility solutions would impact their design and deployment process, whilst insights about their technological development could significantly affect transportation management policies. This requires tools to study such a coupling and co-design mobility systems in terms of different objectives. We present a framework to address such co-design problems, leveraging a mathematical theory of co-design to frame and solve the problem of designing and deploying an intermodal mobility system, whereby autonomous vehicles service travel demands jointly with micromobility solutions and public transit, in terms of fleets sizing, vehicle characteristics, and public transit service frequency. Our framework is modular and compositional, allowing one to describe the design as the interconnection of simple components and to tackle it from a systemic perspective. Moreover, it requires general monotonicity assumptions and naturally handles multiple objectives, delivering rational, actionable solutions for policy makers. We showcase our methodology in a case study of Washington D.C., USA. Our work suggests the possibility to create user-friendly optimization tools to systematically assess costs and benefits of interventions, and to inform policy-making in the future.
Clone of Amyrin Synthase Gene Conservative District from Eriobotrya japonica ‘Jie Fang Zhong’

Taking the leaves of loquat as materials,the improved method SDS was used for the RNA isolation.Based on the extracted total RNA,the AS gene conservative district sequence was cloned by the method of homology cloning and nested PCR.The results demonstrated that the conserved sequence was 854 bp in length,coded 284 amino acids and was named ejAS(NCBI number: JX173279.1). Though sequence analysis by Blast in NCBI,the results showed that the ejAS gene had the highest homology and similarity(98%) to the Malus×domestica,and shared above 70% homology with the reported Aralia elata,Glycyrrhiza uralensis,Polygala tenuifolia,etc.
Simple and Efficient Cardinality Estimation in Data Streams

We study sketching schemes for the cardinality estimation problem in data streams, and advocate for measuring the efficiency of such a scheme in terms of its MVP: Memory-Variance Product, i.e., the product of its space, in bits, and the relative variance of its estimates. Under this natural metric, the celebrated HyperLogLog sketch of Flajolet et al. (2007) has an MVP approaching $6(3\ln 2-1)\approx 6.48$ for estimating cardinalities up to $2^{64}$. Applying the Cohen/Ting (2014) martingale transformation results in a sketch Martingale HyperLogLog with MVP $ \approx 4.16$, though it is not composable. Recently Pettie and Wang (2020) proved that it is possible to achieve MVP approaching $\approx 1.98$ with a composable sketch called Fishmonger, though the time required to update this sketch is not constant. Our aim in this paper is to strike a nice balance between extreme simplicity (exemplified by (Martingale) (Hyper)LogLog) and extreme information-theoretic efficiency exemplified by Fishmonger). We develop a new class of "curtain" sketches that are a bit more complex than Martingale LogLog but with substantially better $\MVP$s, e.g., Martingale Curtain has MVP $ \approx 2.31$. We also prove that Martingale Fishmonger has an MVP of around $1.63$, and conjecture this to be an information-theoretic lower bound on the problem, independent of update time.
Patient ADE Risk Prediction through Hierarchical Time-Aware Neural Network Using Claim Codes

Adverse drug events (ADEs) are a serious health problem that can be life-threatening. While a lot of work on detecting correlation between a drug and an ADE, limited studies have been conducted on personalized ADE risk prediction. Avoiding the drugs with high likelihood of causing severe ADEs helps physicians to provide safer treatments to patients. The goal of this study is to assess personalized ADE risks that a target drug may induce on a target patient, based on patient medical history recorded in claim codes, which provide information about diagnosis, drugs taken, related medical supplies besides billing information. We developed a HTNNR model (Hierarchical Time-aware Neural Network for ADE Risk) that captures characteristics of claim codes and their relationship. Eempirical evaluation shows that the proposed HTNNR model substantially outperforms the comparison methods.
A Review on Coexistence Issues of Broadband Millimeter-Wave Communications

With higher frequencies and broader spectrum than conventional frequency bands, the millimeter-wave (mmWave) band is suitable for next-generation wireless networks featuring short-distance high-rate communications. As a newcomer, mmWaves are expected to have the backward compatibility with existing services and collaborate with other technologies in order to enhance system performances. Therefore, the coexistence issues become an essential topic for next-generation wireless communications. In this paper, we systematically review the coexistence issues of broadband mmWave communications and their corresponding solutions proposed in the literature, helping shed light on the insights of the mmWave design. Particularly, the works surveyed in this paper can be classiﬁed into four categories: coexistence with microwave communications, coexistence with ﬁxed services, coexistence with non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA), and other coexistence issues. Results of numerical evaluations inspired by the literature are presented for a deeper analysis. We also point out some challenges and future directions for each category as a roadmap to further investigate the coexistence issues of broadband mmWave communications.
Joint Visual and Wireless Signal Feature based Approach for High-Precision Indoor Localization

The existing localization systems for indoor applications basically rely on wireless signal. With the massive deployment of low-cost cameras, the visual image based localization become attractive as well. However, in the existing literature, the hybrid visual and wireless approaches simply combine the above schemes in a straight forward manner, and fail to explore the interactions between them. In this paper, we propose a joint visual and wireless signal feature based approach for high-precision indoor localization system. In this joint scheme, WiFi signals are utilized to compute the coarse area with likelihood probability and visual images are used to fine-tune the localization result. Based on the numerical results, we show that the proposed scheme can achieve 0.62m localization accuracy with near real-time running time.