Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Functional variation in the Spoken BNC2014 and the potential for register analysis

This article focuses on how register considerations informed and guided the design of the spoken component of the British National Corpus 2014 (Spoken BNC2014). It discusses why the compilers of the corpus sought to gather recordings from just one broad spoken register – ‘informal conversation’ – and how this and other design decisions afforded contributors to the corpus much freedom with regards to the selection of situational contexts for the recordings. This freedom resulted in a high level of diversity in the corpus for situational parameters such as recording location and activity type, each of which was captured in the corpus metadata. Focussing on these parameters, this article provides evidence for functional variation among the texts in the corpus and suggests that differences such as those observed presently could be analysable within the existing frameworks for analysis of register variation in spoken and written language, such as multidimensional analysis.
MILD Combustion: the Future for Lean and Clean Combustion Technology

The future of today's society is greatly depending on the energy development. Due to the depletion of fossil fuel and the gradual development of energy generation from renewable sources, energy security becomes an important intergovernmental issue. This paper discusses the energy needs and the new combustion technology that will aid in achieving lean and clean combustion. In 2001, British Petroleum estimated the total natural gas reserves to be 187.5 trillion cubic meters, which can supply up to 7x1015 MJ of energy. The total petroleum reserves can supply up to 1,383 billion barrels which amounts to 8.4x1015 MJ of energy. Due to the increasing population and economic development, these fuel reserves will not last long. Energy efficiency and greenhouse gas emissions are two important and critical issues. The new combustion technology, moderate and intense low oxygen dilution (MILD) combustion provides a feasible solution. MILD, also known as flameless oxidation (FLOX) and high temperature air combustion (HiTAC) was discovered by Wunning in 1989. The thermal efficiency of combustion can be increased by about 30% and NOx emission reduced by 50%. MILD also can be achieved using different types of fuel such as gas fuel, liquid fuel and industrial waste fuel (saw dust). MILD combustion will be an important future combustion technology due to it producing higher efficiency and very low emissions.
Rendimiento experto y percepción de las actividades de entrenamiento en lanzadores de martillo españoles del alto rendimiento

El proposito de este estudio fue investigar como los lanzadores de martillo de alto rendimiento espanoles percibian sus actividades de entrenamiento. Treinta y dos lanzadores de martillo espanoles considera-dos los mejores del ranking nacional participaron en este estudio. Sus edades estuvieron comprendidas entre los 14 y los 30 anos (M=19). Veinte fueron varones y once mujeres. Se les aplico el Cuestionario de Percepcion de Actividades de Entrenamiento desarrollado para tal efecto a partir de los postulados de Ericsson. Los datos fueron obtenidos en sus lugares de entrenamiento y los resultados mostraron que el entrenamiento de la tec-nica tanto solos como en compania del lanzamiento y charlar con el entre-nador fueron las actividades preferidas por estos deportistas. Se comprobo la percepcion de los deportistas varia en funcion del deporte analizado.
The Application of The Steepest Gradient Descent for Control Design of Dubins Car for Tracking a Desired Path

In this paper, we consider the control design of the Dubins car system to track a desired path. We design the control of the Dubins car system using optimal control approach. The control of the Dubins car system is designed for tracking the desired path. Instead of the usual quadratic cost function, a special type of cost functional which includes a tracking error term will be considered. By this special cost functional, the minimum tracking error of path of the Dubins car toward a desired path using Pontryagin Maximum Principle is obtained. The analytical solution of the Hamiltonian system is di±cult to obtain. So, a numerical solution with the steepest gradient descent method is proposed. The numerical results are given at the last section of this paper.
Land-use and resource conflicts in the Okavango Delta, Botswana.

This study assesses land-use conflicts in the Okavango wetland ecosystem. A survey of the livelihood activities of a sample of four villages has been carried out and a stakeholder approach used to identify and analyse the key actors involved in resource competition and conflicts in the area. Traditional and emerging stakeholders were identified and found to be in conflict not only with each other but within themselves. Institutional policies on land use in the area are not properly harmonized, and there has been a top-down approach to development planning and implementation of development programmes. As a result, land-use conflicts have escalated in the area. The Okavango Delta Management Plan adopted in 2007 should integrate and harmonize all the land-use policies, and land management in the area.
Rhombic Analysis Extension of a Plant-Surface Water Interaction-Diffusion Model for Hexagonal Pattern Formation in an Arid Flat Environment

An existing weakly nonlinear diffusive instability hexagonal planform analysis for an interaction-diffusion plant-surface water model system in an arid flat environment [11] is extended by performing a rhombic planform analysis as well. In addition a threshold-dependent paradigm that differs from the usually employed implicit zero-threshold methodology is introduced to interpret stable rhombic patterns. The results of that analysis are synthesized with those of the existing hexagonal planform analysis. In particular these synthesized results can be represented by closed-form plots in the rate of precipitation versus the specific rate of plant density loss parameter space. From those plots, regions corresponding to bare ground and vegetative Turing patterns consisting of tiger bush (parallel stripes and labyrinthine mazes), pearled bush (hexagonal gaps and rhombic pseudo-gaps), and homogeneous distributions of vegetation, respectively, may be identified in this parameter space. Then that predicted sequence of stable states along a rainfall gradient is both compared with observational evidence and used to motivate an aridity classification scheme. Finally this system is shown to be isomorphic to the chemical reaction-diffusion Gray-Scott model and that isomorphism is employed to draw some conclusions about sideband instabilities as applied to vegetative patterning.
Avaliação do Nível de Intensidade do Capital Intelectual das Redes de Atendimento Setoriais do SESI

A avaliacao do Capital Intelectual de Redes Organizacionais de Seguranca e Saude do Trabalho para o escalonamento das prioridades e essencial para o atendimento das demandas das industrias, pois alem de alinhar as expectativas dos diversos Stakeholders, contribui com a melhor forma de realizar futuros investimentos na rede. Para realizar a avaliacao do capital intelectual, esse trabalho propoe a utilizacao de multimetodologias, a partir da combinacao das metodologias InCaS para realizar a avaliacao do Capital Intelectual – CI de redes organizacionais de SST, e o Metodo de Multicriterio a AHP com Ratings visando realizar o escalonamento das prioridades para a tomada de decisao.
Determinants of innovation and productivity across manufacturing and services sectors: micro evidence from Mexico

ABSTRACT This paper presents an analysis of the determinants of innovation activities, and its effect on output and productivity across manufacturing and services firms in Mexico. We build on the theoretical framework of synthesis approach and contribute to identify the main differences of innovation intensity and its effects across four sectoral groups with different learning modes. Based on data from the 2010 Mexican innovation survey, our results show important differences across sectors and indicate that more dynamic services firms have similar innovation patterns to those in manufacturing. In terms of policy implications, this study highlights the importance of promoting innovation as the basis for improved productivity of firms in Mexico differentiating by sectors. More specifically, policy interventions need to enhance both the number of firms that perform innovation, and the intensity of those innovation activities.
HYPER-ACCUMULATION OF ZEAXANTHN AND PRODUCTS DERVED THEREFROM

3,539,686 A 1 1/1970 Rosenberg 3,989,757 A 11, 1976 Surmatis et al. 3,998,753. A 12/1976 Antoshkiw et al. 4,522,743 A 6, 1985 Hornet al. 4,952,716 A 8, 1990 Lukac et al. 5,107,065. A 4, 1992 Shewmaker et al. 5, 180,747 A 1/1993 Matsuda et al. 5,227,507 A 7, 1993 Lukac et al. 5,350,773 A 9, 1994 Schweikert et al. 5,356,636 A 10, 1994 Schneider et al. 5,506,353 A 4, 1996 Subramaniam 5,523,494 A 6, 1996 Torres-Cardona et al. 5,527,695 A 6/1996 Hodges et al. 5,648,564 A 7/1997 AuSich et al. 5,668,183 A 9/1997 Leuenberger 5,773,075 A 6, 1998 Todd 5,786,017 A 7/1998 Blake et al. 5,854,015 A 12/1998 Garnett et al. 5,959,138 A 9, 1999 Torres-Cardona et al. 5.997,922 A 12/1999 Torres-Cardona et al. 6,110,478 A 8/2000 Harang 6, 191,293 B1 2/2001 Levy 6,296,877 B1 10/2001 Auweter et al. 6,329,432 B2 12/2001 Howard et al. 6,329,557 B1 12/2001 Rodriguez et al. 6,376,722 B1 4/2002 Sanz et al. 6,504,067 B1 1/2003 Montoya-Olvera et al. 6,506,565 B1 1/2003 Conner et al. RE38,009 E 2/2003 Garnett et al. 6,607,771 B2 8, 2003 Benczedi et al. 6,635,293 B2 10/2003 Fullmer et al. 6,663,900 B2 12/2003 DeFreitas et al. 6,689,400 B2 2/2004 Majeed 6,784,351 B2 8/2004 Hauptmann et al. 2004/0010826 A1 1/2004 Hauptmann et al.
The report of a treatment of recurrent ovarian endometriotic cyst by using therapeutic methods of traditional Persian Medicine

Endometriosis is a benign disease of women which is often displayed with chronic pelvic pains and sterility. Ovary endometrioma is one of common causes of pelvic pains and among the most common ovary cysts. Treatment of endometriosis is performed with different methods which classified in two major categories: medicinal and surgical treatments. Nowadays it is recognized that medicinal treatment alone is not enough and the necessity for surgical intervention in these patients is confirmed. A 37-year-old woman referred to Traditional Medicine Clinic of Tehran at Imam Khomeini Hospital about six months after endometriotic ovary cyst surgery with complaint of recurrent pain and heaviness in the pelvic area. According to symptoms and ultrasound report, squill oxymel, Vitex agnus - castus in the form of capsule, Habe cyst (a pill containing celery seed and rosa damascena) and astringent hydrotherapy (a sitz bath containing oak apple, myrtle and pomegranate) were prescribed. The patient was advised to continue the above treatment for two months. In third referral (two months after the second referral), feeling of pain and heaviness in pelvic area was completely disappeared and in performed ultrasound (Figure 2), ovary was reported without any cysts. Based on high effects of pharmacotherapy and surgery for patient, it seems that using effective herbal products declines effects arising from above treatments with less expenditure. By confirmation, these treatments are effective solutions, at lower cost and with much less side effects in treatment of endometriosis.
Distinguishing Degrees of Compositionality in Compound Splitting for Statistical Machine Translation

The paper presents an approach to morphological compound splitting that takes the degree of compositionality into account. We apply our approach to German noun compounds and particle verbs within a German‐English SMT system, and study the effect of only splitting compositional compounds as opposed to an aggressive splitting. A qualitative study explores the translational behaviour of non-compositional compounds.
Farmers’ managerial thinking and management process effectiveness as factors of financial success on Finnish dairy farms

The objective of the article was to analyze how farmers’ management capacity contributes to profitability of farming. A structural equation model of management capacity and financial performance was applied on survey data combined with book keeping data from 117 dairy farms. The model explained one fourth of the variation of profitability of sample farms. The results indicate that the managerial aspects of farmer are connected to farm profitability but the effectiveness of management process is not. It was concluded that essential for a relatively good performance is that the farmer has a clear vision of the development of farming with business and investment plans. Successful farmers also have a firm confidence on managerial skills, a strong emphasis on the instrumental and intrinsic values, and high appreciation of farming as an occupation. They also see the farm as an entrepreneurial business unit with the intention to follow the corresponding principles of management.
Metal/graphene sheets as p-type transparent conducting electrodes in GaN light emitting diodes

We demonstrate the use of graphene based transparent sheets as a p-type current spreading layer in GaN light emitting diodes (LEDs). Very thin Ni/Au was inserted between graphene and p-type GaN to reduce contact resistance, which reduced contact resistance from ∼5.5 to ∼0. 6Ω/cm2, with no critical optical loss. As a result, LEDs with metal-graphene provided current spreading and injection into the p-type GaN layer, enabling three times enhanced electroluminescent intensity compared with those with graphene alone. We confirmed very strong blue light emission in a large area of the metal-graphene layer by analyzing image brightness.
PSYCHOLOGICAL SKILLS, PLAYING POSITIONS AND PERFORMANCE OF AFRICAN YOUTH SOCCER TEAMS

The purpose of this study was to investigate the psychological skills of African youth soccer players in different playing positions. The role of psychological skills and overall team performance was also determined. The sample consisted of male soccer players (N=152) between the ages of 14 and 18 years from 10 African countries competing in the 2010 Copa Coca-Cola soccer tournament. A cross-sectional survey design was used to determine the players’ psychological skills by means of the Bull’s Mental Skills Questionnaire and the Athletic Coping Skills Inventory-28 (ACSI-28). Results yielded insignificant differences between the subscale scores of the players in different playing positions. Concentration was the only psychological variable associated with performance. The middle four-ranked teams outscored the most successful and least successful teams in relaxation. Findings from this study could not confirm the widely acclaimed research assumption that psychological skill demands differ among players in different playing positions, nor the positive correlation between psychological skills and team success. Future research should investigate the perceptions and extent of psychological skills training among African youth soccer players, as well as the efficiency of psychological skills interventions aimed at enhancing overall team performance.
Radio imaging of the Subaru/XMM-Newton Deep Field - I. The 100-μJy catalogue, optical identifications, and the nature of the faint radio source population

We describe deep radio imaging at 1.4 GHz of the 1.3-deg 2 Subaru/XMM-Newton Deep Field (SXDF), made with the Very Large Array in B and C configurations. We present a radio map of the entire field, and a catalogue of 505 sources covering 0.8 deg 2 to a peak flux density limit of 100 μJy. Robust optical identifications are provided for 90 per cent of the sources, and suggested identifications are presented for all but 14 (of which seven are optically blank, and seven are close to bright contaminating objects). We show that the optical properties of the radio sources do not change with flux density, suggesting that active galactic nuclei (AGN) continue to contribute significantly at faint flux densities. We test this assertion by cross-correlating our radio catalogue with the X-ray source catalogue and conclude that radio-quiet AGN become a significant population at flux densities below 300 μJy, and may dominate the population responsible for the flattening of the radio source counts if a significant fraction of them are Compton-thick.
Development of Robust Multiple Face Tracking Algorithm and Novel Performance Evaluation Metrics for Different Background Video Sequences

In computer vision, face tracking is having wider opportunities for research activities using different background video sequences because of various factors and constraints. Due to the challenges that are increasing day by day, old/existing algorithms are becoming obsolete. There are many powerful algorithms that are limited to certain set of video sequences. In this paper, we are proposing an algorithm that detect and track multiple faces in different background video sequences. Viola-Jones face detection algorithm is used in such a way that, new face/first face need not to be in the starting frame of the selected video sequence. The proposed algorithm successfully detect new face(s) along with existing face(s) by keeping track of the facial data using BRISK feature points. The mean of the old points and new points are calculated based on the area of the facial data. The detected face(s) in further frames undergoes similarity check with existing facial data. If detected facial data and existing facial data mismatches, then the detected facial data is entered into face tracks structure. By using point tracker method, the proposed algorithm track those points that has been set for each of the facial data.
Mahua ( Madhuca indica ) seed oil: A source of renewable energy in India

Mahua oil methyl, ethyl and butyl esters were prepared and studied in a four stroke, direct injection diesel engine for their performance and emissions. The engine test results showed high thermal efficiency in case of methyl ester compared to all other esters and diesel fuel. Different emissions such as carbon monoxide (CO), oxides of nitrogen (NO x ), hydrocarbons (HC) is low for alkyl esters compared to diesel. Among alkyl esters except NO, all tail pipe emissions are lower in case of methyl ester compared to other esters. The ethyl ester shows lower NO x emission compared to other esters. Based on this study mahua oil methyl ester performs well compared to other esters on the basis of performance and emissions.
Forensics Analysis of Privacy of Portable Web Browsers

Web browser vendors offer a portable web browser option which is considered as one of the features that provides user privacy. Portable web browser is a browser that can be launched from a USB flash drive without the need for its installation on the host machine. Most popular web browsers have portable versions of their browsers as well. Portable web browsing poses a great challenge to computer forensic investigators who try to reconstruct the past browsing history, in case of any computer incidence. This research examines various sources in the host machine such as physical memory, temporary, recent, event files, Windows Registry, and Cache.dll files for the evidential information regarding portable browsing session. The portable browsers under this study include Firefox, Chrome, Safari, and Opera. Results of this experiment show that portable web browsers do not provide user-privacy as they are expected to do.
A field trial to assess action thresholds for management of Bactericera cockerelli in main crop processing potatoes at Pukekohe

A main crop summer potato trial at Pukekohe assessed the damage caused by Bactericera cockerelli, tomato potato psyllid (TPP), and investigated the use of action spray thresholds. Five treatments were used: in-furrow insecticide and weekly blocks of foliar sprays; in-furrow insecticide and one of three different threshold-based foliar spray programmes; and no insecticides. The threshold-based spray programmes used either the number of TPP nymphs per middle leaf or the mean number of TPP adults per yellow sticky trap per week, plus different mode-of-action insecticide rotations. Three treatments resulted in acceptable yield and speciic gravity, and a low incidence of zebra chip disease (ZC). These were the weekly treatment and two spray programmes based on a threshold of >3 TPP adults per trap per week where insecticide applications were reduced by 50% compared to the weekly applications.
Ideology, Tactics and E ciency in Redistributive Politics

We model the electoral politics of redistribution. Taxation has efficiency and equity effects. Citizens and parties care about inequality in addition to their private concerns for consumption and votes respectively. In equilibrium, each party's strategy can be implemented by a proportional income tax at a rate common to all groups, and group-specific pork-barrel transfers proportionate to each group's political clout. The proportion coefficients chosen by each party reflect a compromise between its ideology and power hunger. Our results relate to "Director's Law", which says that redistributive politics favors middle classes at the expense of both rich and poor.
Analysis of Gasketed-plate Heat Exchanger Performance Using Nanofluid

A heat exchanger using nanofluid needs to operate at optimum mass concentration level to get the maximum heat transfer performance. A numerical analysis is performed on the heat transfer and pressure drop of water-based γ-Al2O3 nanofluid gasketed-plate heat exchanger to specify its optimum conditions. Cold water will be heated by γ-Al2O3/water nanofluid. The results showed that optimal volume concentration of γ-Al2O3/water nanofluid based on a maximum performance index is about 0.016. The heat transfer rate at the optimal concentration of nanofluid is approximately 12.3% higher than that of pure water (base fluid), while pumping power is increased by 1.15%. With regard to 1% enhancement in heat transfer rate with increasing ϕ values from ϕ=0.016 to ϕ=0.028 (optimum volume concentration for maximum heat transfer rate) and the pumping power required for nanofluid, the optimum concentration for maximum performance index is selected as the best level of particle volume fraction for γ-Al2O3/water nanofluid in this research.
Phosgene in the UTLS: seasonal and latitudinal variations from MIPAS observations

Abstract. The Michelson Interferometer for Passive Atmospheric Sounding (MIPAS) is a Fourier transform spectrometer that measured mid-infrared atmospheric limb emission spectra from July 2002 to April 2012 on board the polar-orbiting satellite ENVISAT. We have used MIPAS data to study the latitudinal variations of phosgene (COCl2 or carbonyl chloride) and, for the first time, its seasonal variation in the upper troposphere/lower stratosphere region (UTLS). Retrievals of phosgene were made using the 830–860 cm−1 region, corresponding to the ν5 bands of COCl2. Unfortunately, in that region, the ν4 band of CFC-11, which is much stronger than COCl2 ν5, hides the phosgene emission. In order to evaluate seasonality and latitudinal distribution of phosgene we have analysed all the measurements made by MIPAS on days 18 and 20 of each month of 2008 with the optimized retrieval model (ORM) recently upgraded with the multi-target retrieval technique and with the optimal estimation functionality to apply external constraints to the state vector. Average seasonal profiles of phosgene show an evident latitudinal variability with the largest values observed in the tropical regions (maximum ≈ 35 parts per trillion by volume (pptv) at about 300 hPa). In the midlatitude and polar regions, the volume mixing ratio (VMR) values do not exceed 30 pptv and the vertical distributions are less peaked. Our analysis highlights that COCl2 seasonal variability is fairly low, apart from the polar regions.