Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Empathy, Compassion Fatigue, and Burnout in Police Officers Working With Rape Victims

Police officers who work with victims of rape and sexual assault are exposed to severely traumatic material. This study aimed to investigate whether these specialist officers had developed compassion fatigue, secondary traumatic stress, and burnout, and whether these variables were associated with trait and situational empathy, an important factor in retaining victim involvement within the prosecution process. The study also piloted a brief training intervention aimed at educating officers about compassion fatigue and ways of reducing and preventing it. A convenience sample of specialist police officers (N = 142) who work with victims of sexual assault completed measures of compassion fatigue, secondary traumatic stress, and burnout, as well as two empathy measures, rating trait empathy and “in vivo” empathy in response to a video vignette. Cross-sectional analysis showed that longer-serving specialist officers had greater compassion fatigue, secondary traumatic stress, and burnout, but that neither measure of empathy was related to compassion fatigue or secondary traumatic stress, although high burnout was related to low trait empathy. The training was well received, and pre- and posttest measures showed that officers’ knowledge of the constructs increased. Given the potential risks to their well being and work performance, officers would benefit from further support to cope with and prevent emotional distress. Higher empathy might protect against burnout. Longitudinal research is needed to better understand the relationships between empathy, compassion fatigue, secondary traumatic stress, and burnout.
Ecological dominance by Paratrechina longicornis (Hymenoptera: Formicidae), an invasive tramp ant, in Biosphere 2

Tramp ants are invading disturbed ecosystems worldwide, exterminating untold numbers of native species. They have even invaded Biosphere 2, a 1.28-hectare closed greenhouse structure built in the Arizona desert as a microcosm for studying ecological interactions and global change. Invertebrate surveys within Biosphere 2 from 1990 to 1997 have revealed dramatic changes in faunal composition, including an almost complete replacement of the ant fauna by a single tramp ant species. In 1990-91, surveys in Biosphere 2 found no one ant species dominant. By 1993, populations of the crazy ant, Paratrechina longicornis (Latreille), a tramp species not found in 1990-91, had increased to extremely high levels. In 1996, virtually all ants (>99.9%) coming to bait were P. longicornis. We observed P. longicornis foragers feeding almost exclusively on the sugary excretions (honeydew) produced by vast numbers of Homoptera, primarily scale insects and mealybugs, found on many of the plants. High densities of ants were associated with high densities of homopterans. In 1997, soil and litter surveys found that the only invertebrates thriving in Biosphere 2, besides P. longicornis and homopterans, were either species with effective defenses against ants (well-armored isopods and millipedes) or tiny subterranean species that can escape ant predation (mites, thief ants, and springtails). A convergent pattern of biodiversity occurs in disturbed tropical and subtropical ecosystems dominated by tramp ants.
Microcredits contribution to the socio-economic development amongst rural women: A case study of Panchagarh District in Bangladesh

Rural women in Bangladesh have a lower socio-economic status compared to men. They have very limited access to income generating as well as social activities due to number of social, cultural and religious barriers. Thus, microcredit programme is intended for improving the socio-economic status of rural women in Bangladesh. In the present study, an attempt has been made to assess how microcredit programme contributes to the socio-economic development of rural women. The study is based on empirical data collected through interviewing the two groups of rural women for example, ‘with credit’ and ‘without credit’ rural women. A multiple regression analysis was conducted to identify the factors influencing the respondent’s contribution to the total monthly family income. The multiple regression analysis shows that there were strong positive effects of age of respondent, level of education, family size, earning member, occupation of respondent’s, and also monthly income of respondent’s while status of marriage has a strong negative effect. It was found that majority of the ‘with credit’ respondents contribute much higher to the family incomes than the ‘without credit’ respondents. The results also reveal that the ‘with credit’ respondents show higher educational attainment (schooling, secondary and higher secondary certificates) as well as engage in economic and social activities in a larger scale compared to ‘without credit’ respondents. The study concludes that microcredit programme contributes to the development of socio-economic status of rural women in Bangladesh through adequate and timely availability of credit for income generating and productive activities, improving women’s education level, and initiating skill development training. Key words: Rural women, socio-economic status, microcredit programme, Bangladesh.
Adapting Customer Relationship Management to Strategic Supply Challenges: Clues for Success

The paper highlights the strategic and operational efficacy of integrating customer relationship management (CRM) within the fabric of supply chain management mandates. CRM is presented as a comprehensive business model with revenue implications. As supply chain managers grapple with an array of stakeholder challenges, it is essential to integrate customers from a CRM perspective. Introduction and Background. Organizations have long heralded the merits of being customer-centric, both externally and internally. Genuine commitment to customers at all levels has been and continues to be the ultimate hallmark of success. Over the past quarter century or so, supply professionals have increasingly adopted customer-centric perspectives in all aspects of their relationships. This evolution toward a customer focus has yielded increased supply performance dividends, both strategically and operationally. The next logical phase of this evolutionary process is the formal adoption and execution of customer relationship management-related (CRM) methodologies in supply organizations. While CRM is not a novel concept, the careful application of CRM philosophies, perspectives, and processes have yet to be fully implemented within the supply context. As strategic supply challenges escalate, it is essential for supply professionals to embrace enthusiastically CRM techniques to heighten the probability of increased supply success. The remainder of the paper focuses on understanding the fundamentals of CRM in supply settings and how core CRM concepts offer specific potential for solving some key supply challenges. What Is CRM and What Can It Deliver to SCM? While there are numerous definitions and perspectives on CRM, at the core each perspective addresses CRM's role in maintaining competitiveness, relationship building and maintenance, market orientation, and tactical/procedural/process of executing CRM initiatives. Two specific definitions that embody the essence of CRM follow.
Parallel Damping Injection for the Quarter Car Suspension System

In this paper we study an application of Passivity-Based Control (PBC) to a quarter car suspension system. We use Passivity-Based Control in the Brayton-Moser framework (BM-PBC) that has recently been developed for control of switching and non-switching electrical circuits. Via the usual mass-inductor and spring-capacitor analogy, we translate these results to the mechanical domain. This yields new rules for damping injection, where to place the virtual damping, and how to tune it. The concept of parallel damping from the electrical domain is now used for the quarter car model. The results are compared with the industrial sky-hook damping strategy, and in simulation the parallel BM-PBC outperforms the sky-hook damping strategy.
Inhibition of IL-6-induced STAT3 activation by pimaradienoic acid from aralia continentalis

Department of Plant Resources, College of Industrial Science, Kongju National University, Yesan 340-702, Korea *E-mail: changho@konju.ac. kr Elohim Co., Ltd, R&D Center, 11-3 Techno 1 ro (Gwangpyeong-dong 1337), Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 305-509, Korea Eco-friendly Biomaterial Research Center, KRIBB, Jeongeup-si 580-185, Korea Department of Chemistry, Mokwon University, Daejeon 302-729, Korea Received May 26, 2014, Accepted August 25, 2014
Antibacterial properties of silver dendrite decorated silicon nanowires

In this work, we report on the antibacterial properties of silicon nanowires (SiNWs) generated by via metal-assisted chemical etching (MACE) against Escherichia coli (E. coli) and Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) bacteria strains. The results demonstrate that the antibacterial action can be attributed to the layer of silver (Ag) dendrites found on the surface of the SiNWs as a natural by-product of the MACE reaction, thus eliminating the need for a second surface modification step with an antibacterial agent. Furthermore, a 100 fold increase in bacterial adherence to SiNWs by virtue of their unique morphology is also demonstrated compared to flat silicon. We observed negligible toxicity exhibited by the SiNWs towards mammalian cells, in addition to very low rates of attachment of the mammalian cells to the SiNWs. This combination of characteristics makes these nanowire substrates an interesting alternative to other biomaterials for use in medical implants and wound dressings to combat bacterial infections.
The Hunger Games

Governments and their international agencies (FAO, World Bank) conceive of the eradication of hunger and poverty as a worthy wish that will eventually be realized through economic growth. They also make great cosmetic efforts to present as good-looking trend pictures as they can. Citizens ought to insist that the eradication of severe deprivations is a human-rights correlative duty that permits no avoidable delay. Academics ought to collaborate toward providing a systematic alternative monitoring of what progress has really been made against undernourishment and other poverty-related deprivations.
The Effectiveness of Teaching Academic Procrastination Reducing Strategies on Academic Self-Regulation in the Secondary School Students in Tabriz

This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of teaching procrastination reducing strategies on academic self-regulation in secondary students in Tabriz. For this purpose, 36 students with high academic procrastination were selected through a pilot study and screening, and were divided into two experimental and control groups. The experimental group received a training package on procrastination reducing strategies and the controls went through normal training. Pre-test and post-test were done using the Pintrich & De Groot’s self regulatory learning strategies questionnaire (1990). The results showed that the means of the two experimental and control groups were significantly different in the metacognitive component of self-regulated learning strategies (F=6.94, p≤0.05, η=0.178)). However, there was no significant difference in the component of cognitive self regulated learning strategies between the control and experimental groups (F=1.94, p≤0.05). The results can help school counselors and school psychologists to reduce academic procrastination in students.
Access to Credit and Quality of Education in Vietnam

This paper tries to determine the relationship between two of growth engines in Vietnam: access to credit and education. To avoid potential bias due to the endogeneity of access to credit variable, this paper utilizes the propensity score matching. This paper takes advantage of the Young Lives Survey of Vietnam that collected information on children of various ages to observe the effect of credit access in different stage of childhood. The result of propensity score matching analysis shows that the quality of education, measured by test scores, is impacted significantly by access to credit when the child is young and household income is low. However, when the child is older, most of the input to enhance the quality of education comes from outside of household resources, such as school, friends, and teachers, and the access to credit status of the household does not have significant effects on the quality of education.
Influence of crack offset distance on the interaction of multiple cracks on the same side in a rectangular plate

In the present work finite element method has been employed to study the interaction of multiple cracks in a finite rectangular plate of unit thickness with cracks on the same side under uniaxial loading conditions. The variation of the stress intensity factor and stress distribution around the crack tip with crack offset distance has been studied. Due to the presence of a neighbouring crack, two types of interactions viz. intensification and shielding effect have been observed. The interaction between the cracks is seen to be dependent on the crack offset distance. It is seen that the presence of a neighbouring crack results in the appearance of mode II stress intensity factor which was otherwise absent for a single edge crack. It can be said that the proximity of cracks is non-desirable for structural integrity. The von-Mises stress for different crack orientations has been computed. Linear elastic analysis of state of stress around the crack tip has also been done.
EFFECT OF ARTEMISIA ANNUA L. ON DETERRENCE AND NUTRITIONAL EFFICIENCY OF LESSER MULBERRY PYRALID (GLYPHODES PYLOLAIS WALKER) (LEPIDOPTERA: PYRALIDAE)

Methanolic extract of Artemisia annua L. were evaluated on growth and nutritional efficiency of lesser mulberry pyralid Glyphodes pyloalis (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) in laboratory conditions (24±1°C, 75±5% RH and 16 L : 8 D). Feeding deterrence index was evaluated by a choice test method on < 24 h fifth instar larvae with 5, 2.5, 1.25 and 0.625 percent of the extract. The result indicated that increasing the concentration resulted in higher deterrence. The extract retarded larval growth significantly (EC 50 = 3.63%) and also showed significant effects on the relative growth rate (RGR), efficiency of conversion of ingested food (ECI), efficiency of conver- sion of digested food (ECD), approximate digestibility (AD) and consumption index (CI). Lipid, protein and carbohydrate in treated insects were significantly reduced compared to the controls. Hence, methanol extract of A. annua could be considered as a strong deterrent which also affects the biochemical metabolism of the target pest. Methanol extract of A. annua has the potential for develop- ment as a botanical insecticide.
Frugivory by birds in Myrsine coriacea (Myrsinaceae) inhabiting fragments of mixed Araucaria Forest in the Aparados da Serra National Park, RS, Brazil

Myrsine coriacea, known as “capororoca”, produces a large number of small, round fruits, with a thin pericarp and dark purple colours when ripe. The objective of the present study was to identify bird species using M. coriacea for the consumption of fruit and insects or for perching alone in the Aparados da Serra National Park (Brazil). Thirty‐one bird species were recorded, among which 23 consumed fruits. The species of birds Tangara preciosa, Cyclarhis gujanensis, Leucochloris albicollis, and Zonotrichia capensis, the plant used only for landing and Colaptes campestris, Xiphorhyncus fuscus, Leptasthenura setari and Xenops rutilans used the plant to search for insects. Fragment area size and monthly variation did not affect the diversity of birds that visited the tree or the number of events recorded for each type of behaviour. The fruits of M. coriacea were largely consumed by birds and the seeds could have been potentially released by them, thus contributing to the maintenance and regeneration of fragments of tropical forest, in the PNAS. KEy-WoRdS: Araucaria forest, birds, frugivory, Myrsine coriacea. The family Myrsinaceae is distributed throughout the entire southern hemisphere, with approximately 30 genera and more than 1000 species (Mez 1959). This family is represented by tall and small trees alike, with alternate leaves concentrated at the extremity of branches, thereby exposing the fruit agglomerate, which is an abun‐ dant feeding source for birds. It is common for a single branch to accommodate more than 100 fruits (Pineschi 1990). The fruits are small and round, with succulent pulp. They generally have a single seed and very thin pericarp, which has a dark purple colour when ripe (Mez 1959, Barroso 1999). Some Myrsine species fructify from sum‐ mer to mid autumn and can even bear fruit twice a year (Reitz 1988, Barroso 1999), with variations between regions (Irgang and Backes 2002). Myrsine coriacea (Sw.) is one of most important native fructiferous trees in the flora of southern Brazil, as much for its relationship with fauna as its importance to forest regeneration (Backes and Irgang 2002). A number of studies carried out throughout the neo‐ tropics have recorded the interaction between Myrsina‐ ceae species and birds. Studying the diet of Pharomachrus mocinno (Trogonidae) in Mexico, Ávila et al. (1996) re‐ corded the consumption of fruit from Ardisia compressa. In Costa Rica, Wheelwright et al. (1984) recorded 19 bird species consuming fruit from three Myrsinaceae spe‐ cies. In Brazil, studies conducted by Hasui and Höfling (1998) involving a number of tree species in Brazil re‐ corded five bird species that consume Myrsine fruit and ARtIGo Revista Brasileira de Ornitologia, 17(2):113-120
Multiple matching scheme for broadband 0.72Pb(Mg1/3Nb2/3)O3−0.28PbTiO3 single crystal phased-array transducer

Lead magnesium niobate–lead titanate single crystal 0.72Pb(Mg1/3Nb2/3)O3−0.28PbTiO3 (abbreviated as PMN-PT) was used to fabricate high performance ultrasonic phased-array transducer as it exhibited excellent piezoelectric properties. In this paper, we focus on the design and fabrication of a low-loss and wide-band transducer for medical imaging applications. A KLM model based simulation software PiezoCAD was used for acoustic design of the transducer including the front-face matching and backing. The calculated results show that the −6 dB transducer bandwidth can be improved significantly by using double λ/8 matching layers and hard backing. A 4.0 MHz PMN-PT transducer array (with 16 elements) was fabricated and tested in a pulse-echo arrangement. A −6 dB bandwidth of 110% and two-way insertion loss of −46.5 dB were achieved.
Multiobjective Combinatorial Auctions in Transportation Procurement

This paper presents a multiobjective winner determination combinatorial auction mechanism for transportation carriers to present multiple transport lanes and bundle the lanes as packet bids to the shippers for the purposes of ocean freight. This then allows the carriers to maximize their network of resources and pass some of the cost savings onto the shipper. Specifically, we formulate three multi-objective optimization models (weighted objective model, preemptive goal programming, and compromise programming) under three criteria of cost, marketplace fairness, and the marketplace confidence in determining the winning packages. We develop solutions on the three models and perform a sensitivity analysis to show the options the shipper can use depending on the existing conditions at the point of awarding the transport lanes.
The impact on consumption of more cash in conditional cash transfer programs

This paper evaluates the impact of an increase in the value of the cash transfer paid to families by the Brazilian Bolsa Familia program. The existence of a similar program in the state of Ceara, Bolsa Cidadao, that increases the value received by a sub-group of families, provides a unique dataset, enabling us to evaluate the effect of a higher value of transfer on the spending of comparable households. There is a significant increase in consumption, but it is smaller than the increment in the income, suggesting that the consumption of the households is not properly declared.
Measuring fusion excitation functions with RIBs using the stacked target technique: Problems and possible solutions

For measuring fusion excitation functions, the activation technique with a stack of targets offers the considerable advantage that several reaction energies may be simultaneously measured by using one beam energy. However, its main drawback is the degradation of the beam quality as it passes through the stack due to statistical nature of energy loss processes and any non-uniformity of the stacked targets. If not taken properly into account, this degradation can lead to a wrong determination of the fusion excitation function. In this contribution some results of the investigation of this problem are reported.
Protecting biodiversity outside natural forests: environmental-friendly oil palm plantations as an off-reserve strategy in Peninsular Malaysia

Malaysian palm oil industry has been associated with tropical deforestation and faunal biodiversity loss. Despite the numerous forest reserves and protected areas, biodiversity conservation should be extended into agricultural areas including commercial oil palm. Scientific studies have clearly demonstrated that oil palm monocultures are poor substitute to natural forests. However, those studies have also indicated that oil palm-dominated landscapes support substantial biodiversity including forest species. With respect to ecological services, some species are known to be important in controlling pest outbreaks in oil palm plantations. Previous studies have shown that oil palm cultivations are effective carbon sinks. The central remaining knowledge gap of how palm oil-producing countries should conserve biodiversity within the existing oil palm plantations and smallholdings is addressed in this study. Thus, thematic review process that was organized around a topic of interest was used. In more specific, 53 journal articles investigating or highlighting the impacts of commodity crops cultivation on biodiversity were reviewed. It was proposed that oil palm-dominated landscapes be managed for conservation outcomes similar to that have been implemented in forest reserves and protected areas.
Punishment and Reward Institutions with Harmed Minorities

Potential Pareto Public Goods create an aggregate benefit to society while harming some members of the community. As the overall benefit outweighs the harm incurred, provision may lead to Pareto improvement if the gains from cooperation are used to compensate the harmed parties. Such situations are ubiquitous, e.g., in not-in-my-backyard (NIMBY) problems. We study experimentally voluntary contributions to Potential Pareto Public Goods, in which provision is efficient but harms a minority in the group. We test the effects of punishment and reward institutions, with and without communication. We find that contributions to Potential Pareto Public Goods are not viewed as unequivocally socially desirable and do not increase with communication or punishment. With the reward institution, communication facilitates compensation, undoing the harm imposed on the minority player by majority contributions. Consequently, contributions are no longer viewed as socially undesirable, and majority contributions increase. Taken together, our results establish that perceptions and behavior in voluntary contributions to Potential Pareto Public Goods are dramatically different than with universal public goods that benefit all members of the community. We suggest that the underlying mechanism is team reasoning: individuals consider what is good for the group, and play their part in achieving that goal. (This abstract was borrowed from another version of this item.)