Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A novel UC-PBG structure for wide stopband bandwidth

In this paper, we present a novel PBG pattern to achieve a stopband bandwidth from 2.2GHz to 8.8GHz. The unit cell in the UC-PBG is hexagonal to increase the distributed inductance L and C. It was verified by simulation and measurement that the proposed PBG structure has wider stopband bandwidth than the conventional UC-PBG.
Candidate Gene Approach: Potentional Association of Caspase‐1, Inhibitor of Apoptosis Protein‐1, and Prosaposin Gene Polymorphisms with Response to Salmonella enteritidis Challenge or Vaccination in Young Chicks

Abstract Salmonella enteritidis (SE) contamination of poultry products is a major cause of food‐borne disease worldwide. Caspase‐1 and inhibitor of apoptosis protein‐1 (IAP‐1) were selected as candidate genes for chicken response to SE because their proteins play critical roles in the apoptotic pathway when intracellular bacteria interact with host cells. Prosaposin (PSAP) was selected as a positional candidate gene based on a previous quantitative trait loci (QTL) linkage study using the same population. The F1 offspring of outbred sires crossed with three diverse, highly inbred dam lines (two major histocompatibility complex‐congenic Leghorn lines named G‐B1 and G‐B2, and one Fayoumi line) were used to define the phenotypes. The F1 birds were involved in either pathogenic SE challenge, in which spleen and cecum content bacterial load were quantified, or SE vaccination, in which plasma antibody level to SE vaccine was evaluated. A polymerase chain reaction‐restriction fragment length polymorphisms (PCR‐RFLP) assay was developed to identify single‐nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) in the three genes. The F1 offspring of heterozygous sires for each gene were genotyped. The sire caspase‐1 gene was significantly associated with cecum content bacterial load (P = 0.04) in the three combined dam line crosses, and with spleen bacterial load in the G‐B1 cross (P = 0.02). The sire caspase‐1 gene was also significantly associated with antibody level to SE vaccine (P = 0.03) in F1 males in the three combined dam line crosses. The sire IAP‐1 gene was significantly associated with spleen bacterial load (P = 0.04) in the three combined dam‐line crosses, and interacted with dam‐line genetics (P = 0.01) for cecum content bacterial load. The sire PSAP gene significantly interacted with sex for spleen bacterial load (P = 0.004). This study is the first to demonstrate the association of SNPs for caspase‐1, IAP‐1, and PSAP genes with SE vaccine and with pathogen challenge response in chickens. #Journal paper No. 19835 of the Iowa Agriculture and Home Economics Experiment Station, Ames, IA 50011; Projects 2237 and 3521.
ELECTRON MICROSCOPY OF THE IN VITRO DEVELOPMENT OF MAMMALIAN MOTOR END PLATES *

It is well established that in cultures of embryonic mammalian brain and spinal cord synapses develop which are morphologically indistinguishable from those that form in situ. 22.320 Concommitant with the morphological appearance of synaptic junctions is the development of complex bioelectric Neuromuscular synapses also develop in cultures of embryonic mammalian myotomespinal cord tissue,2 and characteristic neuromuscular transmission of impulses has been demonstrated in these ex plant^. ^ It has also recently been shown that when rodent spinal cord is cultured together with spatially separated explants of embryonic or adult skeletal muscle, ventral cord neurites establish a functional relationship with muscle.5,6.26 James and T r e ~ m a n ' ~ , ' ~ have shown in early stages of chick embryo cord-muscle cultures that morphologically recognizable synapses can be seen with the electron microscope. Peterson and Crain26 have demonstrated that in long-term cultures of fetal rodent cord-muscle tissues characteristic focal areas of cholinesterase can be demonstrated at neuromuscular junctions. In these long-term cultures, the subsynaptic foldings which characterize mature motor end plates could even be discerned with the light microscope. In the present study, we have examined at the electron microscope level 33-, 60-, and 87-day-old cultures in which cord-evoked muscular contractions were demonstrated prior to fixation. The synapses, especially in the older cultures, can be seen to be essentially comparable to adult mammalian motor end plates in situ.
Flash X-ray diffraction system for fast, single-pulse temperature and phase transition measurements

A new, fast, single-pulse diagnostic for determining phase transitions and measuring the bulk temperature of polycrystalline metal objects has been developed. The diagnostic consists of a 37-stage Marx bank with a cable-coupled X-ray diode that produces a 35-ns pulse of mostly 0.71-Å monochromatic X rays and a P-43 fluor coupled to a cooled, charge-coupled device camera by a coherent fiber-optic bundle for detection of scattered X rays. The X-ray beam is collimated to a 1° divergence in the scattering plane with the combination of a 1.5-mm tungsten pinhole and a 1.5-mm-diameter molybdenum anode. X rays are produced by a high-energy electron beam transiting inward from the cathode to the anode in a needle-and-washer configuration. The anode’s characteristic K-α X-ray emission lines are utilized for this diffraction system. The X-ray anode is heavily shielded in all directions other than the collimated beam. The X-ray diode has a sealed reentrant system, allowing X rays to be produced inside a vacuum containment vessel, close to the sample under study.
A CTIVITIES FOR S ECURITY E VENT M ANAGEMENT

With the growing deployment of host-based and network-based intrusion detection systems in increasingly large and complex communication networks, managing low-level alerts from these systems becomes critically important. Probes of multiple distributed firewalls (FWs), intrusion detection systems (IDSs) or intrusion prevention systems (IPSs) are collected throughout a monitored network such that large series of alerts (alert streams) need to be fused. An alert indicates an abnormal behavior, which could potentially be a sign for an ongoing cyber attack. Unfortunately, in a real data communication network, administrators cannot manage the large number of alerts occurring per second, in particular since most alerts are false positives. Hence, an emerging track of security research has focused on alert correlation to better identify true positive and false positive. To achieve this goal we introduce Mission Oriented Network Analysis (MONA). This method builds on data correlation to derive network dependencies and manage security events by linking incoming alerts to network dependencies.
Choice Schema Design of Crowdfunding Campaigns: an Exploratory Study

As a novel way to raise fund, crowdfunding has attracted more and more attention from industry, academia and investment community. During the past few years, a variety of online crowdfunding platforms have supported a large number of crowdfunding campaigns all over the world. Due to its online nature, the design of crowdfunding campaigns on crowdfunding platforms is of great importance to the success of both crowdfunding campaigns and crowdfunding platforms. The profile page of a crowdfunding campaign not only provides abundant descriptive information of it, but also contains a choice schema for potential backers to pledge. Similar to tradition e-commerce context, proper choice design is also critical to the success of crowdfunding campaigns. Except for donation-based choice and reward-based choice, some leading reward-based crowdfunding platforms in China introduced lottery-based choice into the choice schema of crowdfunding campaigns. In this paper, we aim at reward-based crowdfunding campaigns. Firstly, we investigate the impact of choice schema’s two key features: the number of reward-based choices and the existence of lottery-based choice. After that, we focus on crowdfunding campaigns that contain lottery-based choice to uncover whether the price of lottery-based choice and the chance to win the reward have significant impact on the success of crowdfunding campaigns. We find that the number of reward-based choices in the choice schema of crowdfunding campaigns has a positive effect on their success and the existence of lottery-based choice has a negative effect on their success. Furthermore, both the price of lottery-based choice and the chance to win the reward have no significant impact on the success of crowdfunding campaigns.
Tissue Inhibitor of Metalloproteinase-2 Stimulates Fibroblast Proliferation via a cAMP-dependent Mechanism (*)

In addition to inhibiting the proteolytic activity of the matrix metalloproteinases, tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinases (TIMPs) promote the growth of cells in the absence of other exogenous growth factors. TIMP-2 stimulates the proliferation of fibrosarcoma (HT-1080) cells and normal dermal fibroblasts (Hs68) in a dose-dependent manner. This response is evident as early as 2 h and persists up to 48 h after treatment with recombinant TIMP-2 (rTIMP-2). The specificity of this response is demonstrated by the ability of affinity-purified polyclonal anti-TIMP-2 antibodies to ablate TIMP-2 mitogenesis and by the lack of response to TIMP-1. This response is also blocked by the presence of an adenylate cyclase inhibitor, 9-(tetrahydro-2-furyl)adenine (SQ22536). Although SQ22536 did not affect untreated fibroblasts or fibrosarcoma cells, this inhibitor completely abrogates the proliferative response induced by rTIMP-2. Treatment of these cells with rTIMP-2 also stimulates the production of cAMP in a time-dependent manner that differs for the two cell lines. Moreover, treatment of purified cell membranes with rTIMP-2 suppresses cholera toxin-mediated ADP-ribosylation of the GTP-binding protein, Gsα subunit. These results indicate that the αβ heterotrimer is dissociated by treatment with rTIMP-2, which may facilitate the Gsα-mediated activation of adenylate cyclase and subsequent production of cAMP. Since cAMP binds to the regulatory subunit of cAMP-dependent protein kinase and activates kinase activity, we evaluated how treatment with rTIMP-2 affected both these parameters. We demonstrate in this report that the cAMP produced in response to treatment with rTIMP-2 binds to the type I regulatory subunit of cAMP-dependent protein kinase and stimulates kinase activity. These results are the first demonstration that TIMP-2 directly activates adenylate cyclase to pro-duce cAMP, which increases cAMP-dependent protein kinase activity, resulting in stimulation of fibroblast mitogenesis.
Snap-on-handles for a non-powered hacksaw: An ergonomics evaluation, redesign and testing

Based on the ergonomics evaluation of existing non-powered hacksaws with original/horizontal and conventional/market handles, ergonomically designed hacksaw handles are proposed. To accommodate the entire male and female populations, the hand dimensions are categorized into three groups: small, medium and large. The proposed handles give special emphasis to hand size, length, cross-section dimension and curvature. The three-sized handles for both the preferred (rear) and non-preferred (front) hands are interchangeable to suit the individual hand size. Thus, the concept of ‘snap-on-handles’ with a fixed hacksaw (blade) can be promoted. The ergonomically designed hacksaw handles were tested/compared with original/horizontal and conventional/ market hacksaw handles, in terms of performance or productivity (depth of cut), muscular effort or strain (EMG) and subjective scores (acceptance/comfort). The experimental results conclusively proved that the ergonomically designed hacksaw handles were significantly better than the other handles in terms of the stated criteria. The performance or productivity improvements of the ergonomically designed handles were about 25 and 148%, when compared with the conventional/market and original/horizontal handles, respectively. Furthermore, when the ergonomically designed handle was not matched with the proper or appropriate hand size, there was a significant reduction in performance or productivity, increase in muscular effort and decrease in subjective scores of acceptance/comfort.
New Error Measures for Evaluating Algorithms that Estimate the Motion of a Range Camera

We compare the classical point-based algorithms for the extrinsic calibration of a range camera to the recent plane-based method. This method does not require any feature detection, and appears to perform well using a small number of planes (minimally 3). In order to evaluate the accuracy of the computed rigid motion we propose two new error metrics that get direct access to the ground truth provided by a mechanism with reliable motion control. Furthermore, these error metrics do not depend on an additional hand-eye calibration between the mechanism and the sensor. By means of our objective measures, we demonstrate that the planebased method outperforms the point-based methods that operate on 3-D or 2-D point correspondences. In our experiments we used two types of TOF cameras attached to a robot arm, but our evaluation tool applies to other sensors and moving systems.
The kinetics of S-transnitrosation--a reversible second-order reaction.

Transnitrosation between thiols and S-nitrosothiols has been suggested to be a mechanism of signal transduction. This kinetics of such reactions fit well to a reversible second-order model. Parameters derived from this model give both the forward and reverse rate constants and the equilibrium position at physiological temperature and pH. In addition, methods are shown for calculating the equilibrium distribution of the nitrosyl function group in mixtures of up to three thiols.
Trajectory control of flexible plate using neural network

Modeling and control problems for a three-joint robot handling a flexible plate in the vertical plane under gravity are treated. The dynamical model is obtained using Hamilton's principle, and the ordinary differential equations are obtained using modal analysis. Given the tip position, an iterative algorithm for solving the inverse kinematics is presented. The control torque is obtained using the feedback error learning method and the desired trajectory of the static bending deflection curve. Four three-layer neural networks are used to reduce the joint-angle feedback errors and bending vibration. Simulation results are given. <<ETX>>
Effect of short-term ageing temperature on bitumen properties

Properties of asphalt mixtures after ageing are fundamental parameters in determining long-term performance (e.g. durability) of these materials. With increasing popularity of reduced temperature mixtures, such as warm-mix asphalt, WMA, the question remains how a reduction in short-term ageing affects the properties after long-term ageing of bituminous materials. This paper aims to improve our understanding of the effect of asphalt manufacturing temperature on ageing and the resulting mechanical properties of bituminous binder by studying the effect of short- and long-term ageing of different bitumen samples as a function of short-term ageing temperatures. For this purpose, round robin experiments were conducted within the RILEM technical committee (TC) 252 chemo-mechanical characterisation of bituminous materials by 10 laboratories from 5 countries using four binders of the same grade (70/100 pen) from different crude sources. The short-term ageing was carried out using the standard procedure for rolling thin film oven test (RTFOT), but varying the temperatures. Long-term ageing was carried out using the standard procedure for pressure aging vessel (PAV) in addition to RTFOT. For the mechanical characterisation, rheological data were determined by using the dynamic shear rheometer (DSR) and conventional tests, with needle penetration and softening point using the ring and ball method. The results show that although different short-term ageing temperatures showed a significant difference in the mechanical properties of the binders, these differences vanished after long-term ageing with PAV.
A Cytokinin Perception Mutant Colonized by Rhizobium in the Absence of Nodule Organogenesis

In legumes, Nod-factor signaling by rhizobia initiates the development of the nitrogen-fixing nodule symbiosis, but the direct cell division stimulus that brings about nodule primordia inception in the root cortex remains obscure. We showed that Lotus japonicus plants homozygous for a mutation in the HYPERINFECTED 1 (HIT1) locus exhibit abundant infection-thread formation but fail to initiate timely cortical cell divisions in response to rhizobial signaling. We demonstrated that the corresponding gene encodes a cytokinin receptor that is required for the activation of the nodule inception regulator Nin and nodule organogenesis.
Ultrastructural Analysis of Developmental Events inChlamydia pneumoniae-Infected Cells

ABSTRACT Chlamydia pneumoniae is an obligate intracellular parasite with a developmental cycle believed to be common to all members of the genus Chlamydia. We present a detailed description based on transmission and scanning electron microscopy of temporal events and inclusion structures throughout the C. pneumoniae AR-39 developmental cycle.
CFTR haplotype backgrounds on normal and mutant CFTR genes.

Ten polymorphic loci, located in a 1 Mb interval across the cystic fibrosis locus, were analyzed on normal and mutant CFTR genes. A different distribution of haplotype backgrounds among normal and mutant CFTR genes was observed. With exception of the D7S8 locus, the three most common mutations, delta F508, G542X and N1303K, were found on an identical haplotype background. In agreement with the observed linkage equilibrium between the Q1463Q and D7S8 loci, both alleles at the D7S8 locus were found on delta F508 CFTR genes. However, the G542X and N1303K mutations, which have been estimated to be at least 35000 years old, were found to be associated with a single allele at the D7S8 locus. Absence of recombination between the D7S8 and Q1463Q loci was also observed on normal CFTR genes with this haplotype background. At the Tn locus in intron 8, allele 9 known to result in very efficient splicing was associated with the most frequent mutations. At the M470V locus, located in a conserved region of the first nucleotide binding fold, the amino acid methionine was found to be associated with the frequent mutations, in particular with mutations located in one of the two nucleotide binding folds which are generally known as severe mutations with regard to exocrine pancreatic function. On mutant CFTR gene, this locus was in complete association with the centromeric D9 locus, in the absence of a complete association with the intervening loci. (ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Die Relevanz von Replikationen in der experimentellen Steuerforschung: Eine Replikationsstudie zu Wahrnehmungsverzerrungen bei Subventionen

Die Replizierbarkeit empirischer Resultate ist ein zentrales Gutekriterium jeder glaubwurdigen Forschung. Der vorliegende Beitrag nimmt sich diesem Grundsatz an und prasentiert die Replikation eines Laborexperiments zur Wahrnehmung verschiedener Subventionsformen. Analog zu der Originalstudie, kann die intendierte Anreizwirkung zur Steigerung der Risikobereitschaft der Individuen durch die Subventionierung bestatigt werden. Divergierend zu den Primarresultaten ist jedoch eine abweichende Praferenzstruktur der Subventionen erkennbar. Ausgehend von der systematischen Replikation, werden Nutzen und Herausforderungen von Replikationen reflektiert. Eine Metadiskussion der Verzerrungen komplementiert die Analyse.
Tissue microarray analysis of beta-catenin in colorectal cancer shows nuclear phospho-beta-catenin is associated with a better prognosis.

PURPOSE Beta-catenin is involved in homotypic cell-cell adhesion and the wnt signaling pathway. Deregulation of beta-catenin levels, caused in part by mutations of the adenomatous polyposis coli gene, is thought to play a role in the development of colorectal and other cancers. To further elucidate their roles, the expression pattern of beta-catenin and phosphospecific beta-catenin was correlated with clinical outcome in a series of patients with colorectal cancer. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN Immunohistochemical analysis of a tissue microarray with 650 colorectal cancer specimens was performed to study the expression and subcellular localization of beta-catenin and phosphospecific beta-catenin. These results were correlated with other clinicopathological factors and with overall survival. RESULTS The majority of cancers retained some degree of beta-catenin membranous staining, whereas cytoplasmic or nuclear expression was seen in 42.5% and 20.4% of specimens, respectively. Phospho-beta-catenin showed nuclear staining in 9.5% of specimens, and there was no apparent membranous or cytoplasmic staining. There was no significant association between beta-catenin or phospho-beta-catenin and grade or stage. However, there was a positive correlation between beta-catenin and phospho-beta-catenin (P = 0.039), with phospho-beta-catenin representing a subset of nuclear beta-catenin. Patients with nuclear expression of beta-catenin did not have an altered survival compared with those that did not (P = 0.5611). Nuclear expression of phospho-beta-catenin, however, was associated with an improved survival (P = 0.0006). In multivariate analysis, only stage and phospho-beta-catenin were independently predictive of overall survival (P < 0.001 and P = 0.0034, respectively). CONCLUSIONS These findings support a role for beta-catenin overexpression in colorectal tumorigenesis and provide initial evidence that phospho-beta-catenin may be a marker for improved overall survival independent of stage and grade.
Development of Regulatory Processes in the Symbiosis Between the Sea Anemone Aiptasia pallida and its Dinoflagellate Symbionts

Abstract : Laboratory populations of the sea anemone Aiptasia pallida and other symbiotic marine invertebrates were used to investigate how symbiosis affected both dinoflagellates (zooxanthellae) and their hosts. Studies included the infection of algae-free hosts, responses to 'host factors', metabolism of 15N- ammonium and other aspects of how nitrogen was utilized by the symbiotic systems. Zooxanthellae of A. pallida showed distinct reposes to symbiosis: symbiotic cells were highly infective in host tissue and responded to host factors by releasing significant amounts of photosynthetic carbon. Cultured cells were only sparingly infective, and responded to host factors with reduced release of photosynthetic products. These effects were reversed following growth in host tissue. Preliminary characterization of host factors from a variety of marine hosts indicated small molecules with molecular weights of 3,000 or less. Both symbiotic algae and host tissue assimilated 15N-ammonium, but there was little evidence for the recycling of this nitrogen between animal tissue and the symbionts. Algae-free animal tissue was capable of ammonium assimilation. Symbiosis, Zooxanthellae, Dinoflagellates, Sea anemones, Corals