Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Searching for sustainable electricity generation: The possibility of substituting coal and natural gas with clean energy

It is now a common consensus that there is a need to lessen the consumption of fossil fuels as they are the main cause of greenhouse gases. Electricity is one of the chief determinants of greenhouse gases emission as its generation is dominated by fossil fuels. Thus, it is imperative to decarbonize the electric power sector. The main objective of this work is, therefore, to examine the potentials to switch from fossil fuels to clean energy which comprises of nuclear power and the various renewable energy sources of solar energy, hydropower, wind energy, biofuels, and geothermal. Due to the unsuitability of the ordinary least squares (OLS) procedure in the face of severe multicollinearity, the ridge regression procedure was adopted to obtain the parameter estimates using the U.S. annual electricity sector data for the period 1985 to 2018. The results show that substantial substitution exists between clean energy and the fossil fuels of coal and natural gas in the U.S. electricity sector. The results also underscore the importance of energy resource in the process of economic growth and development of U.S. To fully harness the potentials of clean energy, the study recommends increased investment in each of the components of clean energy. This should be complemented with various policy instruments such as provisions of tax credits and feed-in tariffs for clean energy and imposition of tax on carbon consumption.
Graphene/polyaniline@carbon cloth composite as a high-performance flexible supercapacitor electrode prepared by a one-step electrochemical co-deposition method

Increasing numbers of flexible universal energy storage devices are required for wearable and portable products. A typical representation of energy storage devices are supercapacitors. However, their applications are greatly limited due to their low conductivity, which is strongly restricted by the effect of the binder. We designed and prepared a flexible and binder-free supercapacitor based on a graphene–polyaniline@carbon cloth composite by a one-step electrochemical co-deposition process. The composite exhibited excellent electrochemical performance with a high specific capacitance of 793 F g−1 at a current density of 0.5 A g−1 and favorable cycle stability (retention of 81% of initial specific capacitance after 10 000 cycles). The flexible symmetric device also showed satisfactory specific capacitance of 512 F g−1 at a current density of 0.5 A g−1, desirable cycling stability (retention of 85% specific capacitance over 10 000 cycles) and considerable energy density of 11.38 W h kg−1 at a power density of 199.80 W kg−1. We believe that this flexible and binder-free supercapacitor with excellent electrochemical properties will meet the demands in roll-up displays, electronic paper and wearable electronic products.
Altruistic and egoistic behaviors in interpersonal interactions

Introduction. Utopian or destructive society? Is it better to be an egoist or an altruist in a group and which factors does it depend on? Aim. Difficulty in making an unambiguous assessment of social interactions was the reason for conducting a few studies which aimed at identifying factors shaping altruistic and selfish behaviors. Due to the scope of the studies, percentage results relate only to selected social communities. Materials and methods. The first study aimed at evaluating altruistic behaviors of an individual and of a group and was focused on an analysis of interpersonal interactions between a person who needed help (not calling for it) and a bystander observing the incident. The second experiment evaluated psychologization of confidence and focused on the assessment of interpersonal relations of two participants. The last, third study aimed at evaluating altruistic attitude towards various social relations. Results. Conducted studies show that there are a lot of factors which determine conscious (financial benefits, empathy) and unconscious (difficulty in interpreting the incident, inadequate intervention, unwillingness to feel responsible for own behavior) development of altruistic and egoistic behaviors in interpersonal interactions.
Asymptotic Stability of Electric-Vehicle-to-Grid System With Actuator Faults

The asymptotic stability of the electric vehicle-to-grid (V2G) system with actuator faults (AFs) is studied in this article. When control signals transmit from controllers to actuators, AFs may affect control laws and destroy the asymptotic stability of the V2G system. Thus, the asymptotic stability of the V2G system with AFs is worked out by the proposed methods in two steps. First, the effects of AFs are analyzed that break or reduce passivity of the V2G system. Second, structure and energy features of the V2G system with AFs are applied to stabilize the system asymptotically. The proposed methods not only avoid applying the observer of traditional fault-tolerant control (FTC) methods to design control laws but also avoid switching from one control law to traditional FTC control law. Finally, the validity and advantages of the proposed methods are shown in examples.
In Defense of Weird Hypotheticals

Professor Allen (this issue) critiques the value of using “weird” hypotheticals to mine intuitions about legal systems. I respond by supporting the value of “thin” hypotheticals for providing information about how people reason generally, rather than for revealing peoples’ specific answers. I note that because legal systems are the products of many minds thinking about how other minds operate, the object of inquiry is metacognition—that is, understanding how reason-
Driver Cell-phone Use Detection Based on CornerNet-Lite Network

Driver requires a high level of concentration when driving at high speed. Cell-phone use while driving can cause serious problems. To solve this issue, this paper proposes a proposal scheme about driver cell-phone use detection based on CornerNet-Lite Network. The scheme can eliminate the traffic accident risk caused by cell-phone use through detecting driver cell-phone use. The scheme includes two stages: model training and simulation test. Firstly, the data set of cell-phone use was established. Secondly, the data set was preprocessed by the preset processing method. Finally, the CornerNet-Lite network architecture was optimized to reduce the training time and improve the detection accuracy and real-time detection. Through a large number of experiments, the results showed that the scheme had a good detection effect, with the accuracy of 86.2% and with 30fps. Under the noise interference of simulated cab environment, it still had a high robustness.
Experimental Warming Effects on Soil Respiration, Nitrification, and Denitrification in a Winter Wheat-Soybean Rotation Cropland

ABSTRACT A field experiment was conducted to examine responses of soil respiration, nitrification, and denitrification to warming in a winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)–soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merr) rotation cropland. The results showed that seasonal variations in soil respiration were positively related to seasonal fluctuations in soil temperature. Seasonal mean soil respiration rates for the experimental warming (EW) and control (CK) plots were 3.98 ± 0.43 and 2.54 ± 0.45 μmol m−2 s−1, respectively, in the winter wheat growing season, and they were 4.59 ± 0.16 and 4.36 ± 0.08 μmol m−2 s−1, respectively, in the soybean growing season. There was a marginally significant level (p = 0.097) for mean nitrification rates between EW and CK plots. Soil temperature and moisture accounted for 58.2% and 58.1% of the seasonal variations observed in the winter wheat and soybean plots, respectively.
A System for Blood Glucose Monitoring and Smart Insulin Prediction

Diabetes is the disease of the age; the blood glucose levels must be monitored at least three times per day for patients with diabetes mellitus. The method used currently for diabetes monitoring causes discomfort and distress because the patient ‘s finger needs pricking to get a blood sample. The amount of insulin required in the fumigation process is still determined manually using slow calculations. In this paper, the function of the pancreas in the body is implemented using a smart program. A machine learning (ML) based model is used to track the patient’s glucose level and predict the appropriate amount of insulin. We have used artificial neural network (ANN) in our final model since it provided the best prediction of the insulin pattern with mean square error (MSE) of 5.79. We have applied our model on 13 patients of different ages and genders, all with type 1 diabetes. Our final design was developed to be used as a simple and easy to use glucose meter that is compatible with Raspberry Pi to measure the blood glucose level and predict the optimal insulin level considering different conditions. The system basically does glucose level measurement with an average accuracy of 98.7%, patient’s data recording, and based on the recorded data the amount of required insulin is predicted with maximum accuracy. We mainly aim to reduce the damage caused by inaccuracy in glucose measurement and determine the appropriate insulin level using a method that is smarter, faster, and more accurate than the manual calculations.
An Improved Technique for Enhancement of Satellite Image

Satellite Images are important source of data through images captured from artificial satellites revolving around orbit of the Earth. These images are suscepti- ble to noise, irregular illumination which effects the quality of image. An improved en- hancement technique is proposed in this paper that will increase the visual perception in the image while preserving the details. The effectiveness of the proposed technique is tested by using Entropy and histogram Analysis.
Techno-economic Analysis of Metal–Organic Frameworks for Hydrogen and Natural Gas Storage

A techno-economic analysis was conducted for metal–organic framework (MOF) adsorbents, which are promising candidates for light-duty vehicle on-board natural gas and hydrogen storage. The goal of this analysis was to understand cost drivers for large-scale (2.5 Mkg/year) MOF synthesis and to identify potential pathways to achieving a production cost of less than $10/(kg of MOF). Four MOFs were analyzed with four different metal centers and three different linkers: Ni2(dobdc) (dobdc4– = 2,5-dioxido-1,4-benzenedicarboxylate; Ni-MOF-74), Mg2(dobdc) (dobdc4– = 2,5-dioxido-1,4-benzenedicarboxylate; Mg-MOF-74), Zn4O(bdc)3 (bdc2– = 1,4-benzenedicarboxylate; MOF-5), and Cu3(btc)2 (btc3– = 1,3,5-benzenetricarboxylate; HKUST-1). Baseline costs are projected to range from $35/kg to $71/kg predicated on organic solvent (solvothermal) syntheses using an engineering scale-up of laboratory-demonstrated synthesis procedures and conditions. Two alternative processes were analyzed to evaluate the cost impact of reducing so.
The structure and organization of collective memory representations

Most collective memory research to date has focused on the temporal distribution of and generational differences in public event representations while not directly addressing the conceptual relationships between different event representations. This study investigates how individuals cluster representations of public events and how sociopolitical identity changes event clustering. Participants judged the similarity of different pairs of key public events and reported their voting behavior. Using multidimensional scaling (MDS), we identified that public events were distinguished based on their political and nonpolitical characteristics; political events were further clustered based on their specific attributes (e.g. power struggles or ethnicity issues). Voting behavior introduced variations into how people clustered political public events. Our findings suggest that collective memories that are formed in relation to a historical and sociopolitical background may be better understood within a network of relationships and at the level of specific cultures/groups rather than at a larger (e.g. national) level.
The Effect of Google Search Volume Index on Underpriced IPOs and Divergence of Opinions

Introduction/Main Objectives: The purpose of this paper is to examine the effect of the Google Search Volume Index (GSVI), as the moderating variable, on underpriced IPOs, as the independent variable, on the divergence of opinions, as the dependent variable. Background Problems: A divergence of opinions may arise when an error occurs while estimating the right price due to the unavailability of information or only having limited information. Before a company conducts an IPO, potential investors will look for information about the company and each one may interpret the data differently, which results in disagreements between the investors. The investors’ attention is a disagreement mechanism. Research Methods: This study employs the regression analysis of moderation variables with an absolute difference method (ADM) on a sample of 79 Indonesian companies that conducted an IPO between 2015 and 2019. Finding/Results: This study discovered a negative relationship between the initial return and market-adjusted turnover without an interaction effect in the model. The investors’ attention reduces disagreements about underpriced IPOs in the aftermarket. Conclusion: The result of this study found that investors’ attention reduces disagreements about underpriced IPOs proxied by the initial return, because investors closely monitor other information available on the Internet.
Acoustic Presence of Dolphins through Whistles Detection in Mediterranean Shallow Waters

The evaluation of acoustic temporal rhythms in wide-ranging cetaceans can reveal patterns in animal spatial presence and the occurrence of periodical phenomena. Here, we aimed at assessing the temporal patterns of dolphin’s acoustic presence in a shallow-water area in the Sicily Strait (Mediterranean Sea). Whistles were collected continuously for 14 months from an acoustic monitoring station installed aboard of an elastic seamark. Over a total of 6955 h of recording, 14,048 signals were identified using both automatic and visual methods. Three parameters were analyzed: hourly presence (HP), used as a proxy of the presence of dolphins in the area; detection rate (DR), indicating the acoustic activity rate of dolphins measured per hour in the entire dataset; and detection rate in presence of dolphins (DRD), indicating the acoustic activity rate of dolphins considering only the hours when whistles were recorded. The highest values of both HP and DR were reached during the night, and the Autumn and Winter months, suggesting an increase in the dolphin’s occurrence and a possible moving away and towards the monitoring station potentially following prey. DRD, instead, showed an almost uniform distribution throughout the day implying that when the animals are close to the monitoring station, the acoustic activity does not show any pattern. However, possible changes in the communication exchange along the seasons were suggested. This study complements other work on this subject, improving the knowledge of dolphins’ acoustic activity in the area.
The Daily Dose-Response Hypothesis of Mindfulness Meditation Practice: An Experience Sampling Study

ABSTRACT Objective Because of fast-growing interest in the applications of mindfulness to promote well-being and mental health, there are field-wide efforts to better understand how mindfulness training works and thereby to optimize its delivery. Key to these efforts is the role of home practice in mindfulness-based intervention (MBI) outcomes. Despite its centrality in MBIs, recent reviews have documented limited and mixed effects of home practice on MBI outcomes. However, methodological issues regarding monitoring and quantifying home practice and focus on cumulative or additive effects may limit our understanding of it. Temporally proximate, more transient, and contextually circumscribed effects of mindfulness mediation practice have not been examined. Methods We applied intensive experience sampling to measure daily practice and levels of targeted proximal outcomes (state mindfulness, decentering, emotional valance, and arousal) of training over the course of a 21-day MBI among a community-based sample of 82 meditation-naive adults. Results Despite intensive experience sampling, we found no evidence of cumulative or additive effects of total mindfulness meditation practice on outcomes at postintervention for mindfulness, decentering, emotional valence, or emotional arousal. However, we found that that daily dose of mindfulness meditation home practice significantly predicted same-day levels of state mindfulness (B = 0.004, SE = 0.001, t = 3.17, p = .000, f2 = 0.24), decentering (B = 0.004, SE = 0.001, t = 2.757, p = .006, f2 = 0.05), and emotional valence (B = 0.006, SE = 0.003, t = 2.015, p = .044, f2 = 0.01) but not daily levels of emotional arousal. Daily dose-response practice effects did not carry over to next-day levels of monitored outcomes. Conclusions Findings show that effects of daily home mindfulness meditation practice dose on state mindfulness, decentering, and positive emotion are reliable but transient and time-limited. Findings are discussed with respect to the proposed daily dose-response hypothesis of mindfulness meditation practice.
Utility of Serial cfDNA NGS for Prospective Genomic Analysis of Patients on a Phase I Basket Study

PURPOSE Cell-free DNA (cfDNA) analysis offers a noninvasive means to access the tumor genome. Despite limited sensitivity of broad-panel sequencing for detecting low-frequency mutations in cfDNA, it may enable more comprehensive genomic characterization in patients with sufficiently high disease burden. We investigated the utility of large-panel cfDNA sequencing in patients enrolled to a Phase I AKT1-mutant solid tumor basket study. METHODS Patients had AKT1 E17K-mutant solid tumors and were treated on the multicenter basket study (ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT01226316) of capivasertib, an AKT inhibitor. Serial plasma samples were prospectively collected and sequenced using exon-capture next-generation sequencing (NGS) analysis of 410 genes (Memorial Sloan Kettering [MSK]-Integrated Molecular Profiling of Actionable Cancer Target [IMPACT]) and allele-specific droplet digital polymerase chain reaction (ddPCR) for AKT1 E17K. Tumor DNA (tDNA) NGS (MSK-IMPACT) was also performed on available pretreatment tissue biopsy specimens. RESULTS Among 25 patients, pretreatment plasma samples were sequenced to an average coverage of 504×. Somatic mutations were called in 20/25 (80%), with mutant allele fractions highly concordant with ddPCR of AKT1 E17K (r2 = 0.976). Among 17 of 20 cfDNA-positive patients with available tDNA for comparison, mutational concordance was acceptable, with 82% of recurrent mutations shared between tissue and plasma. cfDNA NGS captured additional tumor heterogeneity, identifying mutations not observed in tDNA in 38% of patients, and revealed oncogenic mutations in patients without available baseline tDNA. Longitudinal cfDNA NGS (n = 98 samples) revealed distinct patterns of clonal dynamics in response to therapy. CONCLUSION Large gene panel cfDNA NGS is feasible for patients with high disease burden and is concordant with single-analyte approaches, providing a robust alternative to ddPCR with greater breadth. cfDNA NGS can identify heterogeneity and potentially biologically informative and clinically relevant alterations.
Factorial validity of meaning in life questionnaire in Hong Kong secondary school students: a construct validation approach

ABSTRACT The present research was designed to examine the psychometric properties of a Chinese version of the MLQ using a construct validation approach in 1,089 Hong Kong secondary school students. Confirmatory factor analyses were used to examine the structural validity of MLQ. Correlational analyses were done to assess how meaning in life dimensions relate to life satisfaction, self-reported duration of daily sleep, and connectedness to social agents. Confirmatory factor analysis showed that the modified two-factor model of meaning in life with presence of meaning and search for meaning as key dimensions, was valid and reliable in the current sample. Evidence for configural, metric, and scalar invariance was found across boys and girls. Meaning in life dimensions was differentially associated with connectedness to various social agents, life satisfaction, and average daily sleep. MLQ is a psychometrically valid tool to measure meaning in life among Hong Kong Chinese students.
Impact of Natural Regeneration on Texture, Electrical Conductivity, Aluminum and Organic Carbon of Soil in the Village of Magami in Niger

Soil is increasingly recognized as a nonrenewable resource on a human life scale because once degraded, its regeneration is an extremely slow process (Lal, 2015). In most sahelian countries, the increase in demand for firewood as an energy source coupled with overexploitation of natural resources together with competing land uses for agricultural and pastoral production have led to a process of continuous land degradation. The consequences of this degradation are water and wind erosion, declining soil fertility and scarcity of firewood. In addition to that, traditional agricultural areas near population centers are lost due to urban development, and agriculture is pushed onto both marginal land and forested areas (Doso jnr, 2014). Also, continuously cultivated crop fields and reduced fallow periods are short-chained soil restoration processes which do not compensate for the decline in soil organic matter in most soils used for agriculture in the regions (Kintché et al., 2015). To reverse this soil degradation continuous effort should be International Journal of Current Microbiology and Applied Sciences ISSN: 2319-7706 Volume 10 Number 01 (2021) Journal homepage: http://www.ijcmas. com
Social Media Short Video-Sharing TikTok Application and Ethics

With 3.8 billion users, social media created ethical problems as well. The Cambridge Analytica scandal has been a serious issue with data security lately. Contents not in compliance with general moral rules is another important violation of ethics. TikTok application, the fastest-rising short video-sharing website, is examined. As a result of the literature review, it is observed that TikTok application also had ethical violations issues like lack of private data safety, not sufficient precautionary system barriers for the young generation, and addiction risk. Furthermore, considering that the young people can interact with malicious users through the fake accounts and the risk of sharing their exceptional videos to have more viewers, it is suggested that the sanctions should be arranged as a deterrent in violation of the rules. Parents and young users must be educated about the risks and ethical violations of social media.