Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Clinical Cardiotoxicity of 5‐Fluorouracil

5‐Fluorouracil is widely known to be toxic to the hematopoietic and gastrointestinal systems. It also has cardiac toxicity, but this is perceived to be rare. During a 16‐month period from January 1990 through April 1991, approximately 910 patients were treated with 5‐fluorouracil. Five of these developed life‐threatening toxicity consistent with coronary artery spasm for an incidence of . 55%. The acute events occurred on the third or fourth day of the 5‐day infusion and after the fourth intravenous bolus in the patient on bolus therapy. Each of the patients had ST elevation and ventricular arrhythmias, four had acute myocardial infarction, and two had cardiac arrests. In these cases and those previously reported, cardiac toxicity is consistent with drug‐ or metabolite‐mediated increases in coronary vasomotor tone and spasm, leading to the full spectrum of signs and symptoms of myocardial ischemia in susceptible individuals.
Influence of Long Term Oral Anticoagulants upon Prothrombin Fragment 1 + 2, Thrombin-Antithrombin III Complex and D-Dimer Levels in Patients Affected by Proximal Deep Vein Thrombosis

Summary We have investigated the influence of long term oral anticoagulants (OAC) upon the plasma levels of prothrombin fragment 1 + 2 (F1 + 2), of thrombin-antithrombin III complexes (TAT) and of D-Dimer in 20 patients affected by a proximal deep vein thrombosis (DVT) diagnosed by ultrasonic duplex scanning. Patients (63 ± 17 years, mean ± SD) were sampled at the beginning of the OAC treatment (day 1), which was started 1 to 6 days after diagnosis confirmation and full heparinization, and then 8, 35 and 92 days after. The results were compared to those obtained in a blood donor population (39 ± 10 years) and to an age-matched healthy population (63 ± 19 years). The mean INR determined on days 8, 35 and 92 were almost identical (2.8 ± 0.7, 2.9 ± 0.9 and 2.8 ± 0.6 respectively). In contrast, highly significant variations of the three markers were recorded during the observation period. Eight days after the beginning of OAC, increased levels of TAT complexes were associated with subnormal levels of F1 + 2 suggesting persistence of a hypercoagulable state. On the further sampling times, TAT complexes were in the normal range while F1 + 2 were far below the normal range. Between day 1 and day 92, the levels of D-Dimer continuously decreased reflecting a long-term fibrinolytic process. This study clearly indicates that high INR are not systematically associated with very low F1 + 2 levels, particularly in the acute phase of thrombosis. Whether or not it is possible to reduce the intensity of the anticoagulant treatment 1 month after its initiation on the basis of very low levels of F1 + 2 can only be determined by prospective clinical trials.
Early Prediction of Neurological Outcome after Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation: A Multimodal Approach Combining Neurobiochemical and Electrophysiological Investigations May Provide High Prognostic Certainty in Patients after Cardiac Arrest

A reliable and reproducible method for precisely predicting the neurological outcome of patients with hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy after cardiac arrest is urgently needed in neurological intensive care units. We prospectively investigated the predictive power of serum concentrations of neuron-specific enolase (NSE) and protein S-100B (S-100B) measured on days 1, 2, 3 and 7 as well as somatosensory-evoked potentials (SEPs) recorded within 48 h and on day 7 after cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) in 27 patients (14 females, 13 males; mean age 61.3 ± 17.3 years) with hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy. During the first 7 days after CPR, median values of NSE and S-100B were increased in patients who remained unconscious after CPR compared to those patients who regained consciousness (significance up to ≤0.001). The best predictor of negative outcome was an NSE cutoff point ≧43 µg/l on day 2; this had a sensitivity of 90.9% and a specificity of 100%. Additional use of S-100B on day 2 did not increase sensitivity, but this could be markedly increased by combining NSE and S-100B on days 1, 3 and 7. SEPs showing bilateral loss of cortical responses identified patients who did not regain consciousness with a specificity of 100%.
[Autonomic nervous activities in patients with obstructive sleep apnea before and during continuous positive airway pressure treatment].

OBJECTIVE Heart rate power spectral analysis (HRPSA) can provide information of sympathetic and vagus activities. The aim of the study was to investigate nocturnal variations of autonomic nervous system (ANS) before and during continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) treatment in patients with OSA. METHOD 56 subjects with severe OSA were recruited to undergo 7-hour nocturnal polysomnography and ECG monitoring in sleep lab before and during CPAP treatment. 30 subjects without OSA were included as controls. Subjects were excluded if they were receiving medications known to influence ANS activities. ANS was evaluated by HRPSA. RESULT In addition to repeated sleep apneas and oxygen desaturations, mean areas of LF (1 383 +/- 305) and HF (662 +/- 190) in OSA subjects were significantly higher than those in the controls (LF 125 +/- 64, P < 0.001; HF 163 +/- 78, P < 0.001). With effective CPAP treatment, LF (221 +/- 81) and HF (221 +/- 108) decreased remarkably (P < 0.001, separately) and reached the levels of controls (P > 0.05, separately). CONCLUSION The results suggested that nocturnal ANS activities are abnormal in patients with OSA, especially the enhancement of sympathetic nervous activity. Fluctuation of ANS induced by apnea and oxygen desaturation may explain the association between OSA and cardiovascular diseases. CPAP treatment is effective in improving ANS activities by way of eliminating apnea and reversing hypoxemia.
Open Government Data in an e-service Context - Managerial and Conceptual Challenges

Open government data (OGD) includes different data sets that are launched by government organizations in order to stimulate third-party development of e.g. apps for mobile devices. At the same time a government organization is expected to provide useful public e-services. Government organizations of today tend to treat OGD and e-services separately, so is the e-government community. The aim of this paper is to address challenges related to the work with OGD within an e-service context from: (1) a managerial, and (2) a conceptual perspective. A qualitative case study of the Swedish Transport Administration and their work with OGD and e-services as an empirical base in this paper. This paper illustrates, using a set of analytic categories generated from previous studies, that there are several challenges related to the managerial and conceptual work and perspectives concerning OGD. There are also different patterns present when managing e-services and OGD (bottom-up vs. top-down).
Nutzung des Headgear-Effektes der M.A.R.A.-Apparatur (Mandibular Anterior Repositioning Appliance) in der Klasse II/2-Behandlung – ein Fallbericht

Zusammenfassung In dem vorliegenden Patientenfall einer 17-Jährigen Patientin mit einer dentalen Klasse II/2 in Kombination mit einem deutlichen Tiefbiss konnte die gezielte Wirkungssteuerung der M.A.R.A. -Apparatur gezeigt werden. Die reziprok wirkende Kraft auf die Oberkieferdentition (Headgear-Effekt) wurde durch die Extraktion der 2. Molaren begünstigt. Nach einer 5-monatigen Nivellierungsphase mit Brackets wurde das M.A.R.A. zur Bisslageeinstellung in eine Regelverzahnung für 8 Monate eingesetzt. Die aktive kieferorthopädische Behandlung war nach 18 Monaten mit Einstellung in eine stabile Klasse I bei physiologischem Overjet und Overbite abgeschlossen. Auf eine kurze Retentionsphase mit Duranschienen folgte die weitere Stabilisierung mit festsitzenden Retainern im Ober- und Unterkiefer. Auch 24 Monate nach Behandlungsende war das Ergebnis stabil. Die M.A.R.A. -Apparatur erweist sich aus unserer über 10-jährigen Erfahrung damit als ein Fixed Functional Gerät, das sich sehr gut den individuellen, behandlerischen Bedürfnissen und Gewohnheiten in der Klasse-II-Behandlung bzgl. der Auswahl des Bracketsystems und der Bogensequenz anpasst. Darüber hinaus erfüllt die Apparatur die Ansprüche nach einem einfachen klinischen Handling, vorhersehbaren Behandlungsergebnissen bei vielfältigem klinischen Einsatzbereich bei Klasse-II-Anomalien bei Kindern, Jugendlichen und auch Erwachsenen. Eine hohe Patientenakzeptanz hinsichtlich Komfort und Ästhetik kann bestätigt werden.
Rethinking chronic allograft nephropathy: the concept of accelerated senescence.

Chronic rejection or chronic allograft nephropathy (CAN) is the major cause of failure of kidney transplants other than patient death, and has been extensively reviewed (1‐5). CAN is characterized by functional impairment with nonspecific pathology: tubular atrophy, interstitial fibrosis, and fibrous intimal thickening (FIT) in the arteries, with variable glomerular lesions. The risk of CAN correlates with the input, immune, and load stresses experienced by that kidney. Input refers to the preexisting chronic conditions in the donor (aging, hypertension) plus the acute injury related to the transplant process (brain death, donor maintenance, organ removal, preservation, implantation, reperfusion). Immune stress is due to rejection by antibody or cellular mechanisms, determined by histocompatibility, presensitization, host responsiveness, and the effectiveness of and compliance with immunosuppression. Load reflects hypertension, donor-recipient size disparity, proteinuria, hyperlipidemia, drug toxicity, and infectious agents. Load factors such as donor size and gender probably reflect differences in nephron dose and are relatively weak, suggesting that nephron number does not explain the strong effect of input and immune factors. What distinguishes the transplant from normal tissue is the level of injury. Injury depletes the finite ability of the tissue to repair, and triggers inflammation, which may further stress the parenchyma and vessels, increase immune recognition, and promote fibrosis. In this article we review the problem of human CAN and propose a model in which the cumulative burden of injury and age exhausts the ability of key cells in epithelium or endothelium to repair and remodel to maintain tissue integrity. We term this exhaustion “senescence” to emphasize the importance of donor aging and the overlap of the pathologic lesions with age-related changes, and to suggest analogy with senescent changes observed in cell culture. When the potential of a tissue to repair is exhausted, the endothelial functions decline and the epithelium atrophies; injury-induced inflammation persists, permitting transforming growth factor-b and other mediators to create fibrosis. Thus, fibrosis may be a default for the failure of normal healing. CAN can be minimized by reducing the burden of injury due to immune and nonimmune mechanisms, but grafts with age- and injury-induced changes may still be useful despite their limitations, and few should be discarded. Recent advances in the cellular basis of senescence in vitro may hold clues to the molecular events that limit the repair of key cells.
Normal vibrations of crystalline polyglycine I

A valence force field has been refined for crystalline polyglycine I using its known antiparallel chain pleated‐sheet structure and without replacing the CH2 group by a point mass. Polyglycine I and four of its isotopic derivatives were used in the refinement. The calculated frequencies are in good agreement with the observed, except for the amide I modes. It is shown that this is a consequence of the fact that no reasonable force field predicts a large D10 term of the Miyazawa perturbation treatment. The amide I splittings can, however, be satisfactorily accounted for by introducing a direct interaction force constant between adjacent CO groups in neighboring chains. This can reasonably arise from transition dipole coupling and corresponds to the heretofore neglected D11 term.
Role of the HIN Domain in Regulation of Innate Immune Responses

ABSTRACT The oligonucleotide/oligosaccharide binding (OB) fold is employed by proteins to bind nucleic acids during replication, transcription, and translation. Recently, a variation of the OB fold consisting of a tandem pair of OB folds named the HIN (hematopoietic expression, interferon-inducible nature, and nuclear localization) domain was shown to play essential roles in the regulation of innate immune responses originating from binding of nucleic acids in the cytoplasm or the nucleus of the cell. Although the two OB folds of the HIN domain are linked via a long linker region, conserved hydrophobic contacts between the two OB folds hold them together firmly, resulting in a single compact domain. This overall topology of the HIN domain seems to be highly conserved, and proteins containing the HIN domain have been grouped in the PYHIN family. Structures of the recently solved HIN domains reveal that these domains exhibit either absent in melanoma2 (Aim2) HIN-like or p202 HINa-like modes of DNA binding. These two modes of DNA binding seem to result in different responses and as a consequence confer distinct roles on the proteins. This review summarizes our current understanding of the structure and function of the HIN domains in context with the innate immune responses.
Democracy, Property Rights, Income Equality, and Corruption

This paper presents theoretical and empirical evidence on the nexus between corruption and democracy. We establish a political economy model where the effect of democracy on corruption is conditional on income distribution and property rights protection. Our empirical analysis with cross-national panel data provides evidence that is consistent with the theoretical prediction. Moreover, the effect of democratization on corruption depends on the protection of property rights and income equality which shows that corruption is a nonlinear function of these variables. The results indicate that democracy will work better as a control of corruption if the property rights system works and there is a low level of income inequality. On the other hand if property rights are not secured and there is strong income inequality, democracy may even lead to an increase of corruption. In addition, property rights protection and the mitigation of income inequality contribute in a strong manner to the reduction of corruption.
High Capacity Image Data Hiding Scheme for Grouping Palette Index

Applying the image palette to hide information, we usually embed them into the palette itself or into the index table of the image. Although the hiding schemes in palette could be a simpler way, the palette becomes more complicated and reveals that the information is embedded. In this paper, we will use the index table of image to conceal information. The proposed method selects a threshold value and picks the color with highest probability of appearance as a center to group the color pixels. The system evaluates Euclidean distances from the center to each of the pixels and collects the color pixels in the same group if the distance is less than or equal to the threshold value. In the embedding procedure, the system applies orderly the value of each bit of a secret key to shift the coordinate of color pixel. The extraction procedure groups the pixels, shifts according to the key value and determines whether the group is valid. Then, the information can be extracted from each group till all the pixels are determined. From the experimental results, the method increases the embedding capacity of information and improves the image quality efficiently. Furthermore, our method enhances the security of the system because the secret key is applied to shift the coordinate.
Widely Wavelength-Tunable DFB Laser Array Integrated With Funnel Combiner

A wavelength-tunable distributed feedback (DFB) laser array integrated with a funnel combiner is described. Two types of optical combiner, namely a multimode interferometer (MMI) combiner and a funnel combiner, are compared theoretically and experimentally. It is shown that the funnel combiner is superior in terms of wavelength dependence and fabrication tolerance. The laser module covers the full C-band wavelength range ( ~38 nm), and a high fiber output power of 40 mW (16 dBm) is obtained with stable single-mode operation.
Photolabeling of Glu-129 of the S-1 subunit of pertussis toxin with NAD

UV irradiation was shown to induce efficient transfer of radiolabel from nicotinamide-labeled NAD to a recombinant protein (C180 peptide) containing the catalytic region of the S-1 subunit of pertussis toxin. Incorporation of label from [3H-nicotinamide]NAD was efficient (0.5 to 0.6 mol/mol of protein) relative to incorporation from [32P-adenylate]NAD (0.2 mol/mol of protein). Label from [3H-nicotinamide]NAD was specifically associated with Glu-129. Replacement of Glu-129 with glycine or aspartic acid made the protein refractory to photolabeling with [3H-nicotinamide]NAD, whereas replacement of a nearby glutamic acid, Glu-139, with serine did not. Photolabeling of the C180 peptide with NAD is similar to that observed with diphtheria toxin and exotoxin A of Pseudomonas aeruginosa, in which the nicotinamide portion of NAD is transferred to Glu-148 and Glu-553, respectively, in the two toxins. These results implicate Glu-129 of the S-1 subunit as an active-site residue and a potentially important site for genetic modification of pertussis toxin for development of an acellular vaccine against Bordetella pertussis.
Germination Patterns in Naturally Chilled and Nonchilled Seeds of Fierce Thornapple (Datura Ferox) and Velvetleaf (Abutilon Theophrasti)

Abstract Seeds from natural populations of fierce thornapple and velvetleaf collected in a corn-growing area in central Spain were incubated at a range of constant temperatures and water potentials to model the progress of germination on the basis of the accumulation of hydrothermal time. Previous to the germination tests, the seeds were treated in two different ways: (1) dark storage under dry conditions (nonchilled seeds), and (2) burying in the original soil at 10-cm depth during 2 mo in winter (naturally chilled seeds). The results indicated different mechanisms inhibiting germination in both weed species. Whereas fierce thornapple displayed some type of embryo dormancy, the lack of germination in velvetleaf appeared to be entirely due to the seed coat. On the other hand, significant differences between nonchilled and naturally chilled seeds in fierce thornapple were observed, mainly due to the decrease in the mean base water potential of the 50th percentile in the latter, which indicated a loss of dormancy by exposure of the seeds to natural conditions. Hydrothermal time appears to be a good description of the germination patterns in both weed species, but in the case of fierce thornapple, only for naturally chilled seeds. Thus, the development of the hydrothermal model in fierce thornapple raises some questions for consideration concerning the influence of the type of seeds (conditions of storage, pretreatments of the seeds before germination tests) on its germination capacity. Nomenclature: Fierce thornapple, Datura ferox auct. non L. DATFE; velvetleaf, Abutilon theophrasti Medik. ABUTH; corn, Zea mays L
Nanofiber membranes with controllable microwells and structural cues and their use in forming cell microarrays and neuronal networks.

There is a strong demand for cell culture substrates with arrayed microwells and controllable structural cues in many biological applications. [1,2] For example, such substrates are needed for fabricating cell microarrays to be used in high-throughput screening of a large number of test samples, and this approach is beneficial to drug screening, toxicology, stem cell research, and cell therapy. [3] Similarly, formation of neuronal networks could be studied in vitro through the use of arrayed microwells connected by structural cues, and this approach can be employed to examine synapse formation as well as the development and function of neuronal assemblies. [4,5] Most studies involving the formation of cell microarrays and neural networks have concentrated on the patterning of cell attractive or repulsive materials at pre-defined locations of a flat or contoured surface. [6] In general, the procedures are typically complex, costly, time-consuming, and require sophisticated techniques such as photolithography, e-beam writing, and focused ion beam (FIB) machining in order to generate the nanoscale structural cues. [7–10]
Antimicrobial peptide of korean native goat lactoferrin and identification of the part essential for this activity.

The antimicrobial activity of lactoferrin isolated from Korean native goat (KN goat) milk was studied and its antimicrobial domain was identified using synthetic peptides. Antimicrobial activity was assayed by a micro-method using 96-well microplates and a microplate reader. The amino acid sequence of the antimicrobial domain was suggested to be YQWQRRMRKLGAPSIT and this sequence corresponds to amino acid residues 20 to 35 of KN goat lactoferrin. Five peptides with certain amino acid residues deleted were synthesized in an effort to identify the residues essential for antimicrobial activity and it was found that the part with the sequence RRMRK (24-28) is the region most important for this activity. On the other hand, the conformation of the peptides did not influence the antimicrobial activity.
Why Does Pelvic Deformity Occur in Experimental Dislocation of the Growing Hip?

A three-dimensional pelvic deformity was observed when experimental dislocation of the hip was reproduced in Wistar rats using hormonal and biomechanical factors. Resection or surgical dislocation of the femoral head created its absence in the acetabular socket without pelvic deformity. Muscular contractures were observed in all animals. We conclude that progressive displacement of the femoral head could produce pelvic deformity and simultaneous alterations in the triradiate cartilage.
Entrepreneurship, Flexibility, and Policy Coordination: Taiwan's Computer Industry

In just 15 years, Taiwan has emerged as a leading producer of hardware for nearly every major computer vendor in the world, despite little previous experience in high technology industries. By 1995, Taiwan ranked fourth in the world in computer hardware production and exports through its strategy of being a ''fast follower. '' Taiwan's success in the computer industry has been due to a coordinated government strategy to support private entrepreneurship by a large number of small, flexible, innovative companies. Taiwan's computer companies have responded rapidly and effectively to continuing changes in the international market and avoided many of the problems encountered by their counterparts in Japan and South Korea in recent years. They have done so by emphasizing close supplier relationships with multinational computer companies all over the world as a means of promoting exports and keeping apprised of market conditions. They continue to show great adaptability as Taiwan's computer industry moves toward .
A Nonvolatile 2-Mbit CBRAM Memory Core Featuring Advanced Read and Program Control

A 2-Mbit CBRAM (Conductive Bridging Random Access Memory) core has been developed utilizing a 90 nm, VDD=1.5 V process technology. The presented design uses an 8F2 (0.0648 mum2) 1T1CBJ (1-Transistor/1-Conductive Bridging Junction) cell and introduces a fast feedback regulated CBJ read voltage and a novel program charge control using dummy cell bleeder devices. Random read/write cycle times les50ns are demonstrated