Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A CORRELATED LIGHT AND ELECTRON MICROSCOPIC STUDY OF THE EARLY PHASE OF GROWTH IN VITRO OF HUMAN FETAL CEREBELLAR AND CEREBRAL CORTEX

Cercbellar and cerebral cortex from human fetuses of 12–20 weeks' gestation removed for the purpose of terminating pregnancy were studied in vitro and in tissue blocks by light and electron microscopy. In cultures, the morphologic features characterising the first three weeks of growth were examined. By use of multiple criteria, immature neurons and astrocytes and their processes could be identified with reasonable certainty. In cerebellar cultures, migrating immature neurons were similar to cells of the external granular layer observed in tissue blocks; whereas migrating young neurons in cerebral cultures were similar to cells of the cortical plate. Immature astrocytes developed abundant 100 Å filaments in vitro. Similar cells with abundant filaments were not observed in tissue blocks of either cercbellar or cerebral cortex. This study demonstrated not only the capacity of immature neurons of both human cerebellar and cerebral cortex to migrate in vitro, but also a consistent pattern of outgrowth of cells from explants during the first three weeks of growth in culture. Immature astrocytes first emerged from an explant followed by neuritic processes and subsequently by cell bodies of immature neurons from which the neurites arose. In addition to making contacts with other young neurons, intimate relationships were observed by light microscopy i between endings of neurites and the cytoplasm of astrocytes, and ii between cell bodies of migrating immature neurons and migrating immature astrocytes. The close relationship between migrating neurons and astrocytes was a particularly striking characteristic of the early outgrowth.
Intoxicaciones advertidas y ocultas por monóxido de carbono en el Área Sanitaria do Salnés

Se plantea un estudio de las intoxicaciones clinicas por monoxido de carbono con los siguientes objetivos: 1. Estudio epidemiologico de las intoxicaciones: distribucion por meses, dias de semana y hora. Evolucion anual. Relacion con numero de urgencias totales y con numero de intoxicaciones totales atendidas. 2. Perfil del paciente con intoxicacion por CO: edad, sexo, antecedentes personales, motivo de la intoxicacion, concomitancia con otros toxicos. 3. Constantes medicas al ingreso. 4. Manifestaciones clinicas presentadas en las intoxicaciones. 5. Niveles de COHb, correlacion con la clinica. Alteraciones gasometricas. 6. Alteraciones analiticas presentadas. 7. Toxicidad cardiologico: alteraciones ECG encontradas, marcadores de dano miocardico. 8. Toxicidad neurologica: manifestaciones clinicas, alteraciones en TAC. 9. Tratamiento administrado en el Servicio de Urgencias. Intervalo de tiempo hasta inicio de tratamiento (calidad). 10. Presencia de Sindrome Neurologico Tardio: incidencia, intervalo lucido, clinica presentada, secuelas. 11. Origen de la intoxicacion por CO. Medidas preventivas aplicadas en los lugares de intoxicacion 12. Conocimiento de los profesionales de urgencias sobre las intoxicaciones por CO. 13. Intoxicaciones inadvertidas por CO.
Reproducibility and accuracy of body composition assessments in mice by dual energy x-ray absorptiometry and time domain nuclear magnetic resonance.

OBJECTIVE: To assess the accuracy and reproducibility of dual-energy absorptiometry (DXA; PIXImus(™)) and time domain nuclear magnetic resonance (TD-NMR; Bruker Optics) for the measurement of body composition of lean and obese mice. SUBJECTS AND MEASUREMENTS: Thirty lean and obese mice (body weight range 19-67 g) were studied. Coefficients of variation for repeated (x 4) DXA and NMR scans of mice were calculated to assess reproducibility. Accuracy was assessed by comparing DXA and NMR results of ten mice to chemical carcass analyses. Accuracy of the respective techniques was also assessed by comparing DXA and NMR results obtained with ground meat samples to chemical analyses. Repeated scans of 10-25 gram samples were performed to test the sensitivity of the DXA and NMR methods to variation in sample mass. RESULTS: In mice, DXA and NMR reproducibility measures were similar for fat tissue mass (FTM) (DXA coefficient of variation [CV]=2.3%; and NMR CV=2.8%) (P=0.47), while reproducibility of lean tissue mass (LTM) estimates were better for DXA (1.0%) than NMR (2.2%) (<P 0.05). Regarding accuracy, in mice, DXA overestimated (vs chemical composition) LTM (+1.7 ± 1.3 g [SD], ~ 8%, P <0.001) as well as FTM (+2.0 ± 1.2 g, ~ 46%, P <0.001). NMR estimated LTM and FTM virtually identical to chemical composition analysis (LTM: -0.05 ± 0.5 g, ~0.2%, P =0.79) (FTM: +0.02 ± 0.7 g, ~15%, P =0.93). DXA and NMR-determined LTM and FTM measurements were highly correlated with the corresponding chemical analyses (r(2)=0.92 and r(2)=0.99 for DXA LTM and FTM, respectively; r(2)=0.99 and r(2)=0.99 for NMR LTM and FTM, respectively. ) Sample mass did not affect accuracy in assessing chemical composition of small ground meat samples by either DXA or NMR. CONCLUSION: DXA and NMR provide comparable levels of reproducibility in measurements of body composition lean and obese mice. While DXA and NMR measures are highly correlated with chemical analysis measures, DXA consistently overestimates LTM and FTM (by ~8% and ~46%, respectively), while NMR only slightly underestimates LTM (by ~0.2%) and overestimates FTM (~15%.) The NMR method also has practical advantages compared to DXA, such as speed of measurement and the ability to scan unanesthetized animals.
Programming Languages and Systems

We address the problem of writing compilers targeting complex execution environments, such as computer clusters composed of machines with multi-core CPUs. To that end we introduce partial compilers. These compilers can pass sub-programs to several child (partial) compilers, combining the code generated by their children to generate the final target code. We define a set of high-level polymorphic operations manipulating both compilers and partial compilers as first-class values. These mechanisms provide a software architecture for modular compiler construction. This allows the building of a forest of compilers, providing a structured treatment of multistage compilers.
Clevidipine: A Novel Ultra-Short-Acting Calcium Antagonist

Hypertension is the most common cardiovascular condition in the United States. It can lead to end organ damage and increased mortality risk if it is not properly controlled. In most situations where blood pressure has to be brought down quickly, an intravenous agent with a quick onset of action is often used. Clevidipine is the first third-generation IV dihydropyridine calcium channel blocker that has a high degree of vascular selectivity and an ultra-fast onset and offset of blood pressure lowering effect. In various clinical trials, clevidipine has shown to be safe and effective in controlling acute blood pressure elevations in patients with hypertensive emergencies, preoperative hypertension, and postoperative hypertension. The most common adverse events noted are atrial fibrillation, nausea, headache, and acute renal failure. Overall, clevidipine is a useful addition to available intravenous agents in reducing blood pressure during acute situations. The acceptance of this agent to hospital formularies may ultimately depend on its perceived ease of administration, clinically relevant benefits over other available agents, and acquisition costs.
The Pseudomonas aeruginosa Magnesium Transporter MgtE Inhibits Transcription of the Type III Secretion System

ABSTRACT Pseudomonas aeruginosa is an opportunistic pathogen that causes life-long pneumonia in individuals with cystic fibrosis (CF). These long-term infections are maintained by bacterial biofilm formation in the CF lung. We have recently developed a model of P. aeruginosa biofilm formation on cultured CF airway epithelial cells. Using this model, we discovered that mutation of a putative magnesium transporter gene, called mgtE, led to increased cytotoxicity of P. aeruginosa toward epithelial cells. This altered toxicity appeared to be dependent upon expression of the type III secretion system (T3SS). In this study, we found that mutation of mgtE results in increased T3SS gene transcription. Through epistasis analyses, we discovered that MgtE influences the ExsE-ExsC-ExsD-ExsA gene regulatory system of T3SS by either directly or indirectly inhibiting ExsA activity. While variations in calcium levels modulate T3SS gene expression in P. aeruginosa, we found that addition of exogenous magnesium did not inhibit T3SS activity. Furthermore, mgtE variants that were defective for magnesium transport could still complement the cytotoxicity effect. Thus, the magnesium transport function of MgtE does not fully explain the regulatory effects of MgtE on cytotoxicity. Overall, our results indicate that MgtE modulates expression of T3SS genes.
Left atrial global and regional function in patients with paroxysmal atrial fibrillation has already been impaired before enlargement of left atrium: velocity vector imaging echocardiography study.

AIMS Left atrial volume (LAV) has been proposed as a predictor of atrial fibrillation (AF) and LA function has been investigated by velocity vector imaging (VVI) echocardiography. The aim of this study was to determine whether LA function was associated with the existence of AF. METHODS AND RESULTS We examined emptying function (EF) as a global function and strain rate (SR) as a regional function of LA function during three phases of the cardiac cycle (reservoir, conduit, and booster pump phase). The parameters were measured (apical four-chamber view) by VVI in 302 subjects [126 sinus rhythm, 91 paroxysmal AF (PAF), and 85 chronic AF]. Global and regional LA function were significantly lower in PAF patients during sinus rhythm (LA total EF: 35 ± 8%; SR at atrial contraction: -0.8 ± 0.3s(-1)) and much lower in chronic AF patients (LA total EF 22 ± 8%) than in subjects with sinus rhythm (LA total EF: 47 ± 7%; SR at atrial contraction: -1.4 ± 0.4s(-1)). In multivariate logistic regression analysis, LA active EF and SR at atrial contraction were independent features of PAF. CONCLUSION LA function, particularly LA active relaxation and contraction, was lower in PAF patients than in subjects with sinus rhythm, regardless of LA size and age. LA functional impairment was observed regardless of hypertension before LA enlargement in patients with PAF. Reduced LA function, as assessed by VVI, is an important feature of AF as well as LA structure.
Alcohol abolishes the hypotensive effect of clonidine in spontaneously hypertensive rats.

This study tested the hypothesis that concurrent ethanol administration attenuates the hypotensive effect of clonidine. Four groups of spontaneously hypertensive rats matched for baseline systolic pressure and body weight were randomly assigned the following treatments: (1) water (control), (2) ethanol, (3) clonidine, and (4) ethanol plus clonidine for 13 weeks. Ethanol was provided in the drinking water as 5% for 1 week, 10% for the next 2 weeks, and 20% from week 4 to 13. Starting from similar baseline systolic blood pressures, the blood pressure of the control group increased 10 to 15 mm Hg over the 13-week treatment period. A similar rise in systolic blood pressure occurred in ethanol-treated rats despite a drastic (40% to 50%, P < .05) reduction in fluid intake. Clonidine (300 micrograms/kg per day) caused a smaller and shorter reduction in fluid intake. The fluid intake of the combined treatment group was similar to that of the ethanol group. Either treatment caused a significant and additive reduction in body weight gain. Treatment-related mortality (20%) occurred only in the combined treatment group by the 12th week. Clonidine elicited a slowly developing hypotensive response (P < .05) that started 2 to 3 weeks after treatment was initiated and lasted throughout the treatment period. Ethanol abolished the hypotensive effect of clonidine and resulted in blood pressure values that were not significantly different from those of the control or the ethanol group. Blood ethanol concentration was similar in the presence or absence of clonidine (5.5 +/- 1.9 versus 6.5 +/- 3 mmol/L). (ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
FYCO1 Contains a C-terminally Extended, LC3A/B-preferring LC3-interacting Region (LIR) Motif Required for Efficient Maturation of Autophagosomes during Basal Autophagy*

Background: FYCO1 binds to LC3 and is involved in transport of autophagosomes. Results: FYCO1 uses a C-terminally extended LIR motif for specific interaction with LC3A/B stimulating autophagosome maturation during basal autophagy. Conclusion: The transport adaptor FYCO1 engages in a specific interaction with LC3A/B to stimulate autophagosome maturation. Significance: This work will lead to an increased understanding of LIR interactions and the role of FYCO1 in autophagy. FYCO1 (FYVE and coiled-coil protein 1) is a transport adaptor that binds to phosphatidylinositol 3-phosphate, to Rab7, and to LC3 (microtubule-associated protein 1 light chain 3) to mediate transport of late endosomes and autophagosomes along microtubules in the plus end direction. We have previously shown that FYCO1 binds to LC3B via a 19-amino acid sequence containing a putative core LC3-interacting region (LIR) motif. Here, we show that FYCO1 preferentially binds to LC3A and -B. By peptide array-based two-dimensional mutational scans of the binding to LC3B, we found FYCO1 to contain a C-terminally extended LIR domain. We determined the crystal structure of a complex between a 13-amino acid LIR peptide from FYCO1 and LC3B at 1.53 Å resolution. By combining the structural information with mutational analyses, both the basis for the C-terminally extended LIR and the specificity for LC3A/B binding were revealed. FYCO1 contains a 9-amino acid-long F-type LIR motif. In addition to the canonical aromatic residue at position 1 and the hydrophobic residue at position 3, an acidic residue and a hydrophobic residue at positions 8 and 9, respectively, are important for efficient binding to LC3B explaining the C-terminal extension. The specificity for binding to LC3A/B is due to the interaction between Asp1285 in FYCO1 and His57 in LC3B. To address the functional significance of the LIR motif of FYCO1, we generated FYCO1 knock-out cells that subsequently were reconstituted with GFP-FYCO1 WT and LIR mutant constructs. Our data show that FYCO1 requires a functional LIR motif to facilitate efficient maturation of autophagosomes under basal conditions, whereas starvation-induced autophagy was unaffected.
A review of parameter sensitivity and adaptation in indirect vector controlled induction motor drive systems

The effects of parameter sensitivity on the steady-state and dynamic performance of indirect vector control schemes for induction motor drive systems are summarized. The parameter adaptation schemes which have evolved over a period of two decades are reviewed and categorized based on their dependence on motor parameters and additional transducer requirements for implementation. This review points to future research directions in this area. <<ETX>>
Mutational status of Ig V(H) genes provides clinically valuable information in B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia.

T HERE IS AN EMERGING consensus that, although death rates due to leukemias have dramatically fallen over the past 30 years, the opposite seems true for the non-Hodgkin’s lymphomas, particularly the B-cell lymphomas. With more than 35,000 cases per year in the United States, lymphomas take a
Rotational stability of a single‐piece hydrophobic acrylic intra‐ocular lens in myopic and emmetropic eyes

Alfawaz A (2013): Cytomegalovirus-related corneal endotheliitis: a review article. Saudi J Ophthalmol 27: 47–49. Jhanji V,KwokR&YoungAL (2013): Eighteen months of anterior chamber inflammation. BMJ Case Reports 2013: pii: bcr2013200739. Khodadoust AA & Attarzadeh A (1982): Presumed autoimmune corneal endotheliopathy. Am J Ophthalmol 93: 718–722. Koizumi N, Yamasaki K, Kawasaki S, Sotozono C, Inatomi T, Mochida C & Kinoshita S (2006): Cytomegalovirus in aqueous humor from an eye with corneal endotheliitis. Am J Ophthalmol 141: 564–565. Koizumi N, Inatomi T, Suzuki T et al. (2015): Clinical features and management of cytomegalovirus corneal endotheliitis: analysis of 106 cases from the Japan corneal endotheliitis study. Br J Ophthalmol 99: 54–58. Pavan-Langston D, Welch CL & Zegans ME (2012): Ganciclovir gel for cytomegalovirus keratouveitis. Ophthalmology 119: 2411.
Structure of a (Cys3His) zinc ribbon, a ubiquitous motif in archaeal and eucaryal transcription

Transcription factor IIB (TFIIB) is an essential component in the formation of the transcription initiation complex in eucaryal and archaeal transcription. TFIIB interacts with a promoter complex containing the TATA‐binding protein (TBP) to facilitate interaction with RNA polymerase II (RNA pol II) and the associated transcription factor IIF (TFIIF). TFIIB contains a zinc‐binding motif near the N‐terminus that is directly involved in the interaction with RNA pol II/ TFIIF and plays a crucial role in selecting the transcription initiation site. The solution structure of the N‐terminal residues 2–59 of human TFIIB was determined by multidimensional NMR spectroscopy. The structure consists of a nearly tetrahedral Zn(Cys)3(His)1 site confined by type I and “rubredoxin” turns, three antiparallel β–strands, and disordered loops. The structure is similar to the reported zinc‐ribbon motifs in several transcription‐related proteins from archaea and eucarya, including Pyrococcus furiosus transcription factor B (PfTFB), human and yeast transcription factor IIS (TFIIS), and Thermococcus celer RNA polymerase II subunit M (TcRPOM). The zinc‐ribbon structure of TFIIB, in conjunction with the biochemical analyses, suggests that residues on the β–sheet are involved in the interaction with RNA pol II/TFIIF, while the zinc‐binding site may increase the stability of the β–sheet.
Gut Microbiota in Multiple Sclerosis

Objectives Differences in gut bacteria have been described in several autoimmune disorders. In this exploratory pilot study, we compared gut bacteria in patients with multiple sclerosis and healthy controls and evaluated the influence of glatiramer acetate and vitamin D treatment on the microbiota. Methods Subjects were otherwise healthy white women with or without relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis who were vitamin D insufficient. Patients with multiple sclerosis were untreated or were receiving glatiramer acetate. Subjects collected stool at baseline and after 90 days of vitamin D3 (5000 IU/d) supplementation. The abundance of operational taxonomic units was evaluated by hybridization of 16S rRNA to a DNA microarray. Results While there was overlap of gut bacterial communities, the abundance of some operational taxonomic units, including Faecalibacterium, was lower in patients with multiple sclerosis. Glatiramer acetate–treated patients with multiple sclerosis showed differences in community composition compared with untreated subjects, including Bacteroidaceae, Faecalibacterium, Ruminococcus, Lactobacillaceae, Clostridium, and other Clostridiales. Compared with the other groups, untreated patients with multiple sclerosis had an increase in the Akkermansia, Faecalibacterium, and Coprococcus genera after vitamin D supplementation. Conclusions While overall bacterial communities were similar, specific operational taxonomic units differed between healthy controls and patients with multiple sclerosis. Glatiramer acetate and vitamin D supplementation were associated with differences or changes in the microbiota. This study was exploratory, and larger studies are needed to confirm these preliminary results.
Depression and Memory: Are Impairments Remediable Through Attentional Control?

People who are in depressed mood states or who are formally di agnosed as clinically depressed fre quently complain of impaired mem ory. Such complaints have been substantiated by laboratory re search, most of which supports the theoretical assumption that atten tional resources play a causal role in producing the impairments. Specific theoretical frameworks do differ, however, in the proposed nature of this role and in their corresponding implications for remediation. The most prevalent positions are versions of a capacity framework (e.g., cog nitive effort or resource allocation). 1 If you are depressed, according to the capacity framework, your atten tional resources are either reduced neurochemically or allocated perva sively to matters of personal con cern.2 Either way, if the task at hand requires hard thinking, your performance is impaired by the in sufficiency of attentional resources. Presumably, the lifting of the impair ment awaits successful psychophar macological treatment or resolution of your personal concerns. Now consider the viewpoint of what I have called the cognitive initiative framework.3 According to this framework, your attentional re sources are sufficient. What is miss
A New Design of a Microstrip Microwave Power Amplifier for PCS BAND

In this letter we present a new design of a microstrip microwave PA (power amplifier) for PCS (Personal communication Services/System) applications at 1.85GHz and it is based on AT-41410 NPN transistor that has a high transition frequency of 10GHz. The design process apply in this work is obtained by ADS (Advanced Design System) software. The simulation results show good performances in terms of small and large-signal. The proposed amplifier design achieves a high gain in excess of 12.8dB. For the input reflection coefficient (S11) is below than -33.7dB. Regarding the output reflection coefficient (S22) is below than -29dB. Thus, the unilateral transmission (S12) is less than -19.5dB and for the output power is rise up of 18dBm at 1dB compression point.
Effect of frequency and pulse duration on human muscle fatigue during repetitive electrical stimulation

Different combinations of stimulation frequency and intensity can generate a targeted force during functional electrical stimulation (FES). This study compared isometric performance and muscle fatigue during repetitive stimulation with three different combinations of frequency and pulse duration that produced the same initial peak forces: protocol 1 used long pulse duration (fixed at 600 μs) and 11.5 ± 1.2 Hz (low frequency); protocol 2 used 30 Hz (medium frequency) and medium pulse duration (150 ± 21 μs); and protocol 3 used 60 Hz (high frequency) and short pulse duration (131 ± 24 μs). Twenty and 60 Hz pre‐ and postfatigue testing trains were delivered at the pulse duration used by the fatiguing trains and at 600 μs pulse duration. The percentage decline in peak force between the first and last fatiguing train of each protocol was the measure of muscle performance. The declines in peak force of the 60 Hz testing trains were used to measure muscle fatigue. The 20 Hz:60 Hz peak force ratio was used as a measure of low‐frequency fatigue. The results showed that protocol 1 produced the least decline in peak force in response to the fatiguing trains, as well as the least muscle fatigue and low‐frequency fatigue when the pulse duration was maintained at the level used by the fatiguing trains. Interestingly, protocol 2 produced the least muscle fatigue, and there were no differences in the levels of low‐frequency fatigue across protocols when a comparable motor unit population was tested using 600 μs pulse duration. The results suggest that if the frequency and intensity are kept constant during FES, using the lowest frequency and longest pulse duration may maximize performance.
Clinimetrics of the Upright Motor Control Test in chronic stroke

Insufficient literature exists regarding the clinimetric properties of the Upright Motor Control Test Knee Extension and Flexion subtests (UMCT‐KE and UMCT‐KF, respectively). This study examined the interrater and test‐retest reliability of these subtests, and determined the relationship between the UMCT‐KE and a clinical measure of muscle function in a sample of adults with chronic stroke.