Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Demographics and Outcome of Referrals of Critically Ill Patients from a University Teaching Hospital, Uyo, South – South, Nigeria

Background: Referral of critically ill patients from one centre to another is an integral part of healthcare system. Aims: To evaluate the outcome of referral practices from the Intensive Care Unit of the University of Uyo Teaching Hospital. Patients and Methods: This was a retrospective study of all consecutive critically ill patients referred from the intensive care unit (ICU) of the University of Uyo Teaching Hospital, Uyo, to other hospitals between January 2009 – December 2014. All patients studied were transferred by medical personnel in either land or air ambulances. The primary and secondary outcomes measured were whether the patients received the proposed treatment and mortality respectively. Data from the referring centre were obtained from the ICU admission and discharge register and patient’s folder, while data during transfer and outcome were obtained from the accompanying medical personnel and patient’s family members. Data analysis was done using SPSS version 16. Results: Thirteen patients referred were analysed. Majority of the patients (77%) were referred for neurosurgical review, mechanical ventilation and CT-Scan and/or MRI. Two patients were referred for specialized burns care, and one patient for radiotherapy. Seven patients (54%) were transferred Original Research Article Otu and Imoh; BJMMR, 19(6): 1-6, 2017; Article no.BJMMR. 31038 2 with land ambulance, while six (46%) were transferred with air ambulance. Regarding outcome, eight (62%) patients were successfully transferred to their destination hospitals, and all received proposed treatment. A total of three patients survived while ten died, thus giving an overall mortality rate of 77%. Conclusion: The outcome of critically ill patients referred from our centre to other hospitals is poor. Therefore, appropriate personnel should be employed and equipment provided in our centre to manage the patients.
An Opportunistic QOS Routing Scheme for Supporting Vehicular Safety Scenario over WSN – Swive

: Extensive research work is being carried out in Wireless Sensor Networks (WSN) to implement various applications from agriculture, deep sea, in house communication, vehicular safety to personal health care, where routing plays a vital role along with need for effective QoS. This paper focuses on investigation and delivery of optimal QoS on data interconnectivity issues over wireless sensor nodes. It also provides a multi-scalable architecture for delivery of quality of services in data interconnectivity issues for group communication applications over wireless sensor networks. An opportunistic based QoS routing scheme for vehicular safety over WSN is proposed. Implementation of SWIVE for fast moving vehicles on roadways demand an effective provisioning of QoS for data interconnectivity applications as well, to provide an excellent communication interface between wireless nodes on variable node mobility. The vehicle driver‟s view is augmented with location based information at spatial location, thus providing an intuitive way of establishing the communication. SWIVE is a reactive protocol scheme developed for high speed vehicle nodes deployed on high way roads and marshy situations. SWIVE has been tested and verified using OPNET Network Simulator for its functionality and QoS performance.
PSYCHOMETRIC ADVENT OF ADVANCED PROGRESSIVE MATRICES – SMART VERSION (APM-SV) FOR USE IN NIGERIA

The Raven's Advanced Progressive Matrices (APM) test is a leading global nonverbal measure of mental ability, helping to identify individuals with advanced observation and clear thinking skills who can handle rigorous study programmes as well as the complexity and ambiguity of the modern workplace. APM scale is largely employed by researchers and practitioners in the field of psychometrics, education, medicine and the social sciences. A sample of 3100 participants in Nigeria was randomly drawn to answer nine research questions. Triangulation research design, adopting item response theory (IRT) guided the study. The study developed an abridged form of the APM dubbed Advanced Progressive Matrices-Smart Version (APM-SV). Results revealed that all 15 items of the APM-SV test yield favourable statistics under 3-Parameter Logistic IRT Model with regards to item discrimination, difficulty and guessing. Item Response Function showed preponderance of APM-SV’s reliability of 0.92. The APM-SV showed perfect fit, is bias-free and very suitable for use in Nigeria. APM-SV scale strongly and positively correlated well with other measures of fluid ability such as the APM scale itself, CFIT, Digit Span scale, and Bennett Mechanical Comprehension Test (BMCT).
IMAGE QUALITY ASSESSMENT METHOD FOR FAKE IRIS DETECTION

- In this paper we are doing a biometric technique method by iris recognition to check the iris is real or fake based on an image quality measure. Research and practical applications iris recognition is becoming a very active topic . The most reliable and accurate available biometric identification system is iris recognition method. Iris recognition system is used for the further segmentation and normalization for extracting its feature. In this paper Daughman’s Algorithm segmentation process for Iris segmentation and an image quality is used to check whether the image is real or fake.
PHYTOSYNTHESIS OF MAGNESIUM NANOPARTICLES USING LICHENS

With the world moving toward a green economy, incorporation of the term “Green” in the field of bio and nanotechnology is also picking up its pace. The symbiosis between algae and fungi (the lichens) has been used for synthesizing metal nanoparticle because they work as good alternatives for their environmental friendliness, low toxicity and low processing conditions. In the present study Lichen extracts was used to reduce magnesium salts into magnesium nanoparticles in an ecofriendly way. The synthesized magnesium nanoparticles were characterized using dynamic light scattering and UV spectroscopy. The UV spectroscopy shows absorbance at 261nm. The size of the nanoparticle was found to be 23 nm and is expected to possess several biomedical applications due to the capping by bioactive components of lichens. As magnesium is used in bone grafting material for peri-implant defect, this green synthesised magnesium nanoparticles will emerge as a poteintial implant component.
Spatial Localization Evaluation Model for Parametric Stereo Audio

: Version 2 of high-efficiency (HE) advanced audio coding (AAC) introduced in MPEG-4 audio (called HE AAC v2 or eAAC+) has received wide attention recently. One of the key tools in HE AAC v2 is parametric stereo (PS) tool, whose decoded stereo audio sometimes exhibits rapid shifts of the spatial locations of instruments. This situation could be avoided if the encoder is properly designed. Inspired by the concept of perceptual evaluation of audio quality (PEAQ), we propose a model to quantitatively evaluate the quality of a PS encoder in terms of the spatial accuracy of the reproduced sound field. Inside the model, the input signal is analyzed by 32 subband filters. The inter-channel time difference (ITD) and inter-cannel intensity difference (IID) of low-frequency subbands are calculated. The ITD and IID values from the original signal are compared with those from the decoded signal to calculate the overall scores. The experimental results show that the model is able to detect localization discrepancy, and the provided scores are correlated with the preference of audiences. Though the resulting scores are not proportional to that from human listeners, the model nevertheless provides a useful tool for evaluating the perceived spatial quality of the decoded audio.
Screening and selection of Sweet Sorghum Varieties from India and Nigeria for Bioethanol production potential

The reducing sugar content of 14 Sweet Sorghum varieties at 5, 7 and 9 weeks of age were investigated using Dinitro Salicylic acid (DNS) method. Eight sweet sorghum varieties which comprise 3 Indian: E 36-1, ICSR 93034, SPV 422; 3 Nigerian: SWSV 2006-3, SWSV 2006-5-2, SWSV 2007-1; and 2 Indian crosses: ICSA 89002 X SPV 422 and ICSA X NTJ -2 were selected out of the fourteen based on the order of increasing reducing sugar content. At ninth week, ICSA 89002 X SPV 422 had the reducing sugar value of 149.38 ± 1.53mg/ml which was significantly higher than the other varieties at p<0.05. Two sweet sorghum varieties: SWSV 2006-3 and SPV 422 were subsequently selected from the eight based on field performance, susceptibility to hydrolysis, % bagasse yield, cellulose, hemicelluloses and lignin content.
5T SRAM Cell with Improved Read/Write-ability and Reduced Standby Leakage Current

In this paper, a new single-port five-transistor (5T) Static Random Access Memory (SRAM) cell and associated read/write assist circuitries is proposed. Amongst them, a voltage level conversion circuit is to provide a voltage of the respective connected word line to be lower than or equal to a power supply voltage VDD such that the read/write-ability of the cell can be improved. Furthermore, a voltage control circuit is coupled to the sources corresponding to the driver transistors of each row memory cells. This configuration is aimed to control the source voltages of driver transistors under different operating modes. In addition, introducing a two-stage reading mechanism to increase the reading speed and thus to avoid unnecessary power consumption. Finally, with the standby start-up circuit design, the cell can rapidly switch to the standby mode, and thereby reduce leakage current in standby.
The Relation Between Laparoscopic Sleeve Gastrectomy and Ghrelin

Recently, obesity has become an important worldwide health problem. One of the obesity treatment alternatives is bariatric surgery methods and their efficiency is increasing from day to day. In laparoscopic Sleeve gastrectomy being a bariatric surgery method, as a result of stomach fundus excretion, levels of some hormones change. Therefore, weight losses seen after the treatment are related to these changes. Basically, it is claimed that, after laparoscopic Sleeve gastrectomy, levels of ghrelin hormones secreted by stomach fundus, being effective for appetite and getting foods change. Although there are many studies examining varieties of ghrelin levels after laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy, there is no final judgment concerning the subject yet. In this review, in the light of literature knowledge, giving information regarding effects of laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy on ghrelin levels is aimed.
A Novel Approach of Spectrum Sensing Tradeoff for Cognitive Radio Networks based on Coherence Function

: In cognitive radio networks, the secondary user network are allowed to utilize the underutilized frequency bands of primary user network on non-interfering basis. To achieve this task, the secondary users (SU) are required to sense the RF environment, and once the primary user (PU) is found to be active, the SU have to give up the channel within certain amount of time. There are two restrictions related to spectrum sensing: probability of detection and probability of false alarm. The higher the detection probability, the better the PU can be protected. However, from the SUs’ point of view, the lower the false alarm probability, the more chances the channel can be utilized, thus the higher the achievable throughput for the SUs. In this paper, we study the basic tradeoff between sensing capability and achievable throughput of the SUs. This paper investigates the design of novel approach of spectrum sensing based on coherent function to maximize the achievable throughput for the SUs under the limit that the primary users (PU) are sufficiently protected. Computer simulations are presented to evaluate the proposed tradeoff methodology.
Mathematical Model of WIE to Cortisol with Comparison between Obese Subjects with and Without BED

In this paper, a generalized version of the inverted exponential distribution called the weighted inverted exponential distribution is introduced. Several properties of the weighted inverted exponential distribution are studied and derived. In application part the relationship between induced psychological stress, HPA axis and eating behaviour in Binge Eating Disorder (BED) has been discussed. The Trier Social Stress Test (TSST) was applied in obese participants with (n = 8) and without BED (n=8), and normal weight (NW) controls (n=8). At baseline desire to binge was significantly higher among the BED group. While the TSST induced an increase in Cortisol levels, a blunted Cortisol response was observed in the BED group.
Barriers to Fresh Fruit and Vegetable intake among African Americans in a Southeastern City: Preventive Implications for Cardiovascular Disease

Objective: This study summarizes the findings of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention REACH 2010 intervention’s impact on reducing risk for cardiovascular disease among racial and ethnic groups living in the Atlanta Empowerment Zone (AEZ). In Fiscal Year 1999, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) funded several health efforts to develop primary prevention programs for the reduction and elimination of racial and ethnic disparities in health targeting cardiovascular disease. Methods: Participants (N=244) were recruited from neighborhoods in the Atlanta Empowerment Zone (AEZ) to take part in an intervention designed to reduce risk to Cardiovascular Disease Risk. Chi-square was used to discern linear associations between categorical measures of barriers at assessment periods and regression analysis was conducted to determine the rates at which the stated barriers to fruit and vegetable consumption varied according to gender at both assessment periods. Adjusted risk ratios (RRs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) are presented along with associated probability values. Results: The analysis also revealed that buying fresh fruit every day (RR 1.5; 95% CI .50, 4.8) and that there is too much waste with fresh fruit as being major barriers to consumption (RR 1.5; 95% CI .45, 5.3). Participants were more likely to show that there was too much waste with fresh vegetables (RR 1.3; 95% CI .38, 4.4) or that they did not have the skills required to select fresh vegetables (RR 1.2; 95% CI .35, 4.0). Conclusions: Findings suggest that interventions can affect barriers related to personal beliefs. However, cost and other economic factors remain difficult to change.
INDIGENOUS KNOWLEDGE OF MEDICINAL PLANTS AMONG THE TRIBAL POPULATION OF DANG-SURGANA FOREST OF WESTERN GHATS, INDIA

An ethnobotanical tribals such as Konkani, Mahadeo Koli, Charans and Vanjaris in Dang forms a part of the northern tip of Western Ghats region of Ahwa and Nashik Distri Maharashtra, India. In the present study, 52 species of plants included in 48 genera and 36 families which are being potentially used by the tribals for treating various diseases are documented. The collection and documentation of their expe the customary utilization of plants is no uncertainty a surprising advance keeping in view the blurring society and ethnic customs. More endeavors ought to be made to verify and assess the efficacy these restorative plants and formulations utilized by these tribals.
IN-VIVO ANTICANCER ACTIVITY OF RED ALGAE (GELIDIELA ACEROSA AND ACANTHOPHORA SPICIFERA)

The Gulf of Mannar, is a unique marine habitat with diverse of macroalgae. Macroalgae are primitive non flowering marine plants, which have rich sources of bioactive compounds (i.e., proteins, peptides, amino acid, polysaccharide, alkaloids etc). The selected red algae Gelidiela acerosa and Acanthophora spicifera collected from the Gulf of Mannar, southeast coast of India. In the present study, the anticancer potential of the methanol (crude) extract from G. acerosa and A. spicifera was tested for probable anticancer activity in Dalton’s Ascitic Lymphoma (DAL) cells. The cells were tested in Swiss albino mice. The results show that G. acerosa and A. spicifera algae extract were the most effective against DAL cells in mice respectively had significant anticancer activity and it might be a good candidate for further investigation in order to develop a natural compound as an anticancer agents, which can be utilized for the production of potential anticancer drug and novel pharmaceutical leads. INTRODUCTION: Cancer is one of the most dangerous threats to human being in the world. Chemotherapy is the only standard remedy for cancer treatment. Most of the anticancer drugs currently used in chemotherapy are cytotoxic to normal cells and cause immunotoxicity; this affects not only the tumor development, but also aggravates patient’s recovery. The discovery and identification of new anticancer drug with low side effects on immune system have become an essential purpose in much research in immunopharmacology 1 . QUICK RESPONSE CODE DOI: 10.13040/IJPSR.0975-8232.5(8). 3347-52 Article can be accessed online on: www.ijpsr. com DOI link: http://dx.doi. org/10.13040/IJPSR.0975-8232.5(8). 3347-52 Hence, so many researches were interested to finding new drugs from terrestrial plants, marine organisms/microorganisms including marine macroalgae etc. Now a day, drug discovery has been developed greatly in finding a pure organic compounds or crude extracts to provide new lead. Marine algae have been historically an extremely rich source of pharmacologically active metabolites with antineoplastic, antimicrobial and antiviral effects 2, 3 . And various biological effects are found
A Robust Power Downgrading Technique using Sparse Modulo 2 n +1 Adder

2 Abstract - A promising direction for dramatically suppressing the power utilised by a circuit is reducing the dynamic power which dominates total power dissipation. An architecture that reduces the power by separating the target design into two parts; MSP & LSP and it switches off the MSP whenever it does not affect the computation result to reduce the power consumption is proposed in the paper. It also introduces an advanced glitch-diminishing technique to remove the unwanted switching power by asserting the data signals after data transient period. The LSP section employs a sparse modulo adder constructed with a gray operator that do not require extra logic gates which reduces the carry computational complexity and minimizes the area for an enhanced quick output. MSP is a collection of an ordinary adder, latches, detection logic unit and a sign extension. The experimental data reveal that the proposed technique offer a higher operation speed with minimum power consumption of 0.173W.
EEG Based Brain Controlled Wheelchair for Physically Challenged People

Independent mobility is a necessity to live everyday life for human beings. A person with physical challenges has restricted mobility. For these people, Brain Computer Interface (BCI) provides a promising solution. Using Electroencephalogram (EEG) signals for movement of wheelchair the mobility of these persons can be improved. The proposed system is based on Artificial Neural Network (ANN) algorithm. This article presents Mu rhythm signals that provide commands to wheelchair. Using wireless link between head gear and computer, commands to control the wheelchair can be issued.
Detection of Non Continguous Clones in Software using Program Slicing

Code duplication or copying a code fragment and then reuse by pasting with or without any modifcations is a well known code smell in software maintenance. Several studies show that about 5% to 20% of a software systems can contain duplicated code,which is basically the results of copying existing code fragments and using then by pasting with or without minor modifcations. Software cloning is copying of code fragment from one source code and using it in another source code. Cloning of software code has bad impact. One of the major problem of such duplicated fragments is that if a bug is find out in a code fragment, all the other fragments similar to it should need to check. For code clone detection, many detection techniques are there with different code intermediate representation techniques. This paper proposes a clone detection technique using program slicing with matching technique. The aim of the proposed approach is detection of three types of clone i.e. type 1 (exact match), type 2 (parameterized match) type 3 (near-miss match). The technique also detects non-contiguous clones .
Unraveling the importance of molecules of natural origin in antifungal drug development through targeting ergosterol biosynthesis pathway

Over the past decades, the incidence of life-threatening fungal infections has increased dramatically in particular among patients with hampered immune function. Fungal infections cause around 1.5 million deaths annually, superior to malaria and tuberculosis. With respect to high toxicity, narrow spectrum of activity and drug resistance to current antifungals, there is an urgent need to discover novel leads from molecules of natural origin especially those derived from plants and microorganisms for antifungal drug discovery. Among antifungal drugs introduced into the clinic, those affecting ergosterol biosynthesis are still superior to other classes and the vital role of ergosterol in fungal growth and development. This review highlights current knowledge about available antifungal agents and further issues on antifungal drug discovery from compounds of natural origin which affect ergosterol biosynthesis. Special attention is made to the fungal sterol C24-methyltransferase (SMT), a crucial enzyme in ergosterol biosynthesis pathway as a novel target for rational drug design.
EFFECT OF SILYMARIN ON CADMIUM INDUCED TOXICITY IN RATS

Introduction: Cadmium is an environmental pollutant that affects various organs in humans and experimental animals especially by inducing oxidative stress. Oxidative stress is a common mechanism contributing to initiation and progression of hepatic damage in a variety of liver disorders. As a result, there is an enormous demand for the development of agents with potent antioxidant effect. Silymarin is extracted from the herb milk thistle, is widely known as antioxidant, hepato protective and anti-carcinogenic. Objective: The aim of this present study is to assess the efficacy of silymarin as a hepato protective and antioxidant against cadmium induced oxidative damage in the liver of rats. Methods: In an experimental study, 24 male Albino rats were divided into four equal groups as follows: Group A: The Control group (normal water), Group B: Cadmium treated (10mg/kg/ 30 days, orally), Group C: Silymarin treated (40mg/Kg/ 30 days, orally), Group D Cadmium plus Silymarin (10mg/kg +40mg/kg 30 days, orally). The lipid peroxidation, (TBARS – Thiobarbituric acid) and antioxidant status (Super oxide dismutase (SOD), Catalase (CAT), Glutathione peroxidase (GPx) and reduced Glutathione (GSH)) were evaluated for the control and experimental rat’s liver tissue. Results: The result of this study specify that after the oral administration of cadmium, there is a significant increase in the level of lipid peroxidation marker (TBARS) and decrease in the level of antioxidant enzymes, like SOD, CAT, GPx and GSH in liver when compared to normal Control. Oral administration of Silymarin World Journal of Pharmaceutical Research SJIF Impact Factor 8.074 Volume 7, Issue 05, 1193-1205. Research Article ISSN 2277–7105 Article Received on 09 Jan. 2018, Revised on 30 Jan. 2018, Accepted on 20 Feb. 2018 DOI: 10.20959/wjpr20185-11314 *Corresponding Author Dr. Jeyaprakash K. Head, PG and Research