Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Abstract B161: U3‐1287 (AMG 888), a fully human anti‐HER3 mAb, demonstrates preclinical efficacy in HER2+ and HER2− breast cancer models

Background: HER3 is required for proliferation in HER2 amplified (HER2 + ) breast cancer cell lines, but may also be important in the HER2 negative (HER2 − ) setting. Though HER3 lacks kinase activity, it is a scaffold for PI3K signaling for the HER family and other receptor kinases via heterodimeric interactions. In preclinical models, activation of HER3 is a resistance mechanism to current HER family inhibitors. We report the efficacy of U3‐1287 (AMG 888) in HER2 + and HER2 − preclinical breast cancer models. We also evaluate human breast tumor samples for detectable levels of pHER3 and pAKT. Methods: Levels of pHER3, pERK and pAKT were determined by western blotting. To determine the inhibition of HER3 oncogenic signaling, HER2 + (SKBR3, MDA‐MB‐453 and HCC1569) and HER2 − (MDA‐MB‐175 VII) breast cancer cells were treated with 10 µg/ml of U3‐1287 (AMG 888), cetuximab, c2C4, trastuzumab, lapatinib (250 to 1500 nM) or controls prior to heregulin (HRG) stimulation. To determine the activity on cell proliferation in the presence of 0.4% FBS, breast cancer cell lines were incubated with 10 µg/ml of U3‐1287 (AMG 888), cetuximab, c2C4, trastuzumab, lapatinib (50 to 1500 nM) or control for 1 hour prior to HRG stimulation. After 4 days, the growth of treated cells was measured with alamarBlue™. To determine the activity on anchorage‐independent growth, breast cancer cells were treated with 2 to 5 g/ml U3‐1287 (AMG 888), anti‐HER antibodies, 500 nM lapatinib, or control. Tumor cell colonies formed in the absence or presence of HRG for 6 to 10 days and were stained with MTT for 4 to 6 hours and quantified. Results: Treatment of breast cancer cell lines with U3‐1287 (AMG 888) resulted in an inhibition of pHER3 and pAKT. In cell proliferation assays, U3‐ 1287 (AMG 888) reduced heregulin‐stimulated SkBR‐3 proliferation up to 40% (p + and 10%, 35% of the HER2 − human tumor samples had detectable pHER3 and pAKT, respectively. Conclusions: U3‐1287 (AMG 888) inhibits proximal and distal HER3 oncogenic signaling in breast cell lines in vitro. Breast cancer cells are sensitive to U3‐1287 (AMG 888) treatment as single agent and in combination with anti‐HER agents. The preclinical data together with detectable levels of pHER3 in patient samples provide evidence for the potential clinical application of U3‐1287 (AMG 888) in HER2 + and HER2 − breast cancer. Citation Information: Mol Cancer Ther 2009;8(12 Suppl):B161.
Systematics and Paleobiology of Chiromyoides (Mammalia, Plesiadapidae) from the Upper Paleocene of Western North America and Western Europe

ABSTRACT Relatively large new samples of the rare plesiadapid mammal Chiromyoides are reported from upper Paleocene rocks exposed along the eastern flank of the Rock Springs Uplift and the adjacent Washakie Basin in southwestern Wyoming. These specimens form the basis for the new upper Tiffanian species Chiromyoides kesiwah and enhance our knowledge of the anatomy of early Clarkforkian C. gingerichi. Multiple previously unreported or unrecognized specimens of Chiromyoides are also described from upper Paleocene faunas in Texas, Colorado, and Wyoming, enabling a new phylogenetic analysis of all known species of Chiromyoides and selected other plesiadapids and outgroup taxa. The phylogeny of Chiromyoides appears to have been more complicated than previously described, partly because the genus was more speciose than previously appreciated. European C. campanicus and C. mauberti are sister taxa that are deeply nested within an otherwise North American radiation of Chiromyoides, suggesting that Chiromyoides originated in North America before dispersing to Europe in the latter part of the Tiffanian. Most of the derived anatomical features that distinguish Chiromyoides from closely related plesiadapids indicate that it was yet another occupant of the lucrative ‘mammalian woodpecker’ niche, alongside the extant Malagasy lemur Daubentonia, the extant phalangeroid marsupial Dactylopsila, early Cenozoic placental Apatemyidae, and possibly the middle Cenozoic metatherian Yalkaparidon.
Explaining Factional Sorting in China and Vietnam

ABSTRACT Why do autocracies exhibit divergent intra-elite factionalism despite similar institutions? Why do some regimes' factions rally around ideologies while others emphasize personal networks? Through a typology of factional sorting, I argue how external military conflicts exogenously shape a regime's factionalism by deepening or eroding the logistic and social cleavages that constrain factional recruitment. The Chinese Civil War separated Chinese Communist Party elites into isolated “mountaintops” and promoted factions based on geographic and professional backgrounds. In contrast, casualties suffered during the Vietnam War homogenized Vietnamese Communist Party cadres' backgrounds, weakened North-South cleavages, and led factions to adopt ideological over background sorting.
Ritual, Emotion, Violence: Studies on the Micro-Sociology of Randall Collins

mon form of affordable housing. In her chapter on the history of American manufactured housing, she also seems to include the entire spectrum of manufactured housing. But in her ethnography—her most unique evidence—she focuses only on communities under explicit threat of eviction. And her arguments about the sense of permanence and the ‘‘specter of displacement’’ emerge primarily from observations in those parks. Readers will need to be careful not to overgeneralize her findings until more research is done. We do not know how prevalent this threat of eviction is, nor do we know if the threat magnified residents’ sense of permanence. This book not only sheds light on present problems, but on future possibilities. It helps us to imagine how we might structure alternatives to traditional, and increasingly inaccessible, housing arrangements. Sullivan draws attention to smaller homes and to the sharing of space as an opportunity for the realistic attainment of more affordable housing and stable communities. In doing so, she calls for more research into manufactured housing, as well as other small-housing and communal arrangements and the forms of ownership that make them possible. Indeed, the book ends with hope that community ownership of mobile-home parks can largely avert the ‘‘specter of displacement. ’’
Confirmation for and Predictability of Distinct U.S. Impacts of El Niño Flavors

Whether distinct wintertime U.S. climate conditions exist for central-Pacific (CP) versus eastern-Pacific (EP) El Niño events is explored using atmospheric and coupled ocean–atmospheric models. Results using the former agree with most prior studies indicating different U.S. temperature and precipitation patterns associated with El Niño flavors. Causes are traced to equatorial rainfall sensitivity to both magnitudes and spatial patterns of sea surface temperatures (SSTs) distinguishing CP and EP cases. Warmer east equatorial Pacific Ocean SSTs during EP than CP events, specifically for strong EP cases, are responsible for greater east equatorial Pacific rainfall, which displaces tropospheric circulation anomalies eastward over the Pacific–North American region. Weak-amplitude EP cases and all CP events since 1980 fail to excite east equatorial Pacific rainfall, thus not initiating the dynamical chain of effects characterizing strong EP cases. Over the contiguous United States, the difference in tropospheric circulations between strong EP and CP events describes a cyclonic pattern that renders the former colder and wetter. Regional signals include notably colder western and warmer eastern U.S. surface temperatures during EP versus CP events, and higher southwestern and southeastern U.S. precipitation during EP events. We demonstrate the important result—new to studies of observed El Niño flavor impacts—that coupled models largely reproduce the sensitivities of atmospheric models. Confirmed hereby is the realism of prior estimates of El Niño flavor impacts that relied on atmospheric models alone. We further examine predictability of El Niño flavors using coupled forecasts, demonstrating that SST distinctions between CP and EP events and their diverse U.S. wintertime impacts are predictable at least a season in advance.
Use of multiple mobile sinks in wireless sensor networks for large-scale areas

Sensing coverage and network connectivity are two of the most fundamental issues to ensure that there are effective environmental sensing and robust data communication in a wireless sensor network (WSN) application. Random positioning of nodes in a WSN may result in random connectivity, which can cause a large variety of key parameters within the WSN. For example, data latency and battery lifetime can lead to the isolation of nodes, which causes a disconnection between nodes within the network. These problems can be avoided by using mobile data sinks, which travel between nodes that have connection problems. This research aims to design, test, and optimise a data collection system that addresses the isolated node problem, as well as to improve the connectivity between sensor nodes and base station, and to reduce the energy consumption simultaneously. In addition, this system will help to solve several problems such as the imbalance of delay and hotspot problems. The effort in this study is focused on the feasibility of using the proposed methodology in different applications. More ongoing experimental work will aim to provide a detailed study for advanced applications, e.g. transport systems for civil purposes.
Impact of endogenous adenosine on airway hyperreactivity

Adenosine signaling has been implicated in the exacerbation of chronic inflammatory lung diseases such as asthma. Challenging the airways with adenosine leads to bronchoconstriction; however, little is known about the role of endogenous adenosine on airway physiology. We examined the consequences of chronic adenosine elevations in mice genetically manipulated to contain low levels of the purine catabolic enzyme adenosine deaminase (ADA), which controls adenosine concentrations in tissues and cells. Examination of airway physiology in these animals revealed an increase in airway responsiveness. This increase in airway responsiveness was dependent on elevated adenosine in that treatment with ADA enzyme therapy reversed increased airway responsiveness in conjunction with lowering lung adenosine levels. Treatment with the broad‐spectrum adenosine receptor antagonist theophylline prevented airway hyperresponsiveness, implicating the involvement of adenosine receptors. Furthermore, transcript levels for the A1, A2B, and A3 adenosine receptors were elevated in the lungs of ADA‐deficient mice. These findings suggest that endogenous increases in lung adenosine concentrations are associated with alterations in airway physiology. Drug Dev. Res. 58:472–478, 2003. © 2003 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Strain dependence of second harmonic generation in transition metal dichalcogenide monolayers and the fine structure of the 
C
 exciton

First-principles density functional theory with the time-dependent Bethe-Salpeter Equation (BSE) is used to calculate the second harmonic generation (SHG) spectra of five trigonal prismatic ($2H$-phase) transition metal dichalcogenide (TMD) monolayers, $\mathrm{Mo}{\mathrm{S}}_{2}, \mathrm{MoS}{\mathrm{e}}_{2}, \mathrm{W}{\mathrm{S}}_{2}, \mathrm{WS}{\mathrm{e}}_{2}$, and $\mathrm{MoT}{\mathrm{e}}_{2}$, as a function of biaxial and uniaxial strain. It is shown that it is important to take excitonic effects into account when studying the effects of strain on SHG. All the TMDs exhibit very strong SHG, with hexagonal monolayer $\mathrm{MoT}{\mathrm{e}}_{2}$ dominating over the other TMDs in the 0.5--1.4 eV region. These results are shown to agree with experimental data. While $\mathrm{W}{\mathrm{S}}_{2}$ appears to be a good candidate for strain-tolerant applications because the SHG is insensitive to strain, $\mathrm{WS}{\mathrm{e}}_{2}$ exhibits a strong, consistent strain response that points to potential strain-sensitive applications. Distinct subpeaks of the $C$ exciton are observed which, when compared with the electronic structure, are attributed to specific transitions in the Brillouin zone, with the most important contributions coming from the $K({v}_{1}{\ensuremath{\rightarrow}}_{}{c}_{2}),Q({v}_{1}{\ensuremath{\rightarrow}}_{}{c}_{1}),$ and $\mathrm{\ensuremath{\Gamma}}({v}_{1}\ensuremath{\rightarrow}{c}_{1})$ points. These findings open avenues of exploration for potential applications of these materials in strain-sensitive devices and improve our understanding of the $C$ exciton in TMDs.
GOBIID FISHES OF THE GENUS GLOSSOGOBIUS IN THE LIMPOPO SYSTEM: A FIRST RECORD AND A RANGE EXTENSION OF G. CALLIDUS (SMITH, 1937)

Summary Recently, a specimen of Glossogobius callidus was collected in the Marico Oog, a major source of the Limpopo River in the western Transvaal. This locality is some 1500 km from the river mouth. Earlier taxonomic confusion of Glossogobius giuris and G. callidus has resulted in the omission of G. callidus from identification keys published before 1979. As a result, that species has not been recorded from the Limpopo system. A previously published record of G. giuris from that system, at a locality about 950 km from the sea, is now shown to be based on a misidentification of G. callidus specimens.
ROLE OF CUTINASE IN THE INVASION OF PLANTS

Cutin as the polymeric component of plant cuticles has to be breached during the direct penetration of plant surfaces by invading fungal pathogens. Several lines of evidence had suggested that cutinases produced under saprophytic growth conditions with cutin as sole carbon source were also involved in the penetration of host surfaces during plant infection. However, retained pathogenicity of cutinase gene disrupted mutants of Magnaporthe grisea and Nectria haematococca was not in support of the model. The controversial involvement of cutinase in plant infection was investigated with Alternaria brassicicola. The fungus produced two cutinase isozymes during saprophytic growth on cutin. The disruption of the single gene CUTAB1 abolished the expression of both isozymes and gene-disrupted transformants lost their trait of utilizing cutin as saprophytic carbon source. However, small amounts of two serine esterases with cutinolytic activities and molecular masses of 31 and 19 kDa continued to be secreted into th.
Phosphorus recovery from septage treatment plant sludge by struvite formation with alkaline hydrolysis as pre-treatment

Insufficiency of phosphorus due to the limited availability of phosphate rocks is predicted within the next decades. Phosphorus recovery from wastewater sludge was found to be one of the possible alternative sources of phosphorus. Moreover, stringent effluent standards, including that of phosphorus levels, have been newly implemented in the Philippines. Due to these factors, phosphorus recovery from wastewater in Philippine settings was deemed as an important topic to be further studied. In this paper, the feasibility of recovering phosphorus from septage sludge in Metro Manila by the precipitation of struvite crystals was studied. Septage sludge is seen as one of the potential sources and was characterized in terms of the concentration of Mg2+, Ca2+, NH4+ and PO4-3 ions. In the lab-scale experiments conducted, alkaline hydrolysis using sodium hydroxide was performed as a sludge pretreatment before the precipitation proper. Alkaline hydrolysis was done to release the remaining PO4-3 ions from the solids present in the sludge, thereby promoting precipitation after hydrolysis without the need for additional phosphate source. Furthermore, alkaline hydrolysis can effectively release phosphorus without inducing the dissolution of interfering ions such as Ca2+ and other heavy metals. Results show that PO4-3 ions increased by 267.37 mg/L and the total amount of phosphate ions increased from 17.05% to 46.88%, showing the effectivity of the hydrolysis. For the precipitation of struvite, three parameters were controlled: pH, residence time, and Mg:P ratio. After precipitation, the phosphorus recovery efficiency for the runs were each evaluated and analyzed in order to determine the effects of the parameters on phosphorus recovery. The precipitate of the run with the highest phosphorus recovery obtained was then evaluated using XRD analysis. It was found that the sample with the highest phosphorus recovery is 53.12%, which was achieved at pH 9, a residence time of 1 hour, and an Mg:P ratio of 1.5:1. Therefore, it can be concluded that precipitation subjected at pH 9 has the highest potential for higher phosphorus recovery. Further, the residence time has a minimal effect on phosphorus recovery and higher phosphorus recovery can be achieved at a higher Mg:P ratio with increasing potential for struvite recovery.
Modulation of Carcinogen-Metabolizing Enzymes by Gallic Acid and Its Synthetic Analogue Propylgallate in Mice.

Dietary administration of phenolics, gallic acid, and its synthetic analogue propylgallate at varying dose levels for the period of 4 and 8 weeks to inbred male Swiss mice resulted in a significant increase in hepatic cytochrome P-450 (Cyt P-450) without any alteration in arylhydrocarbon hydroxylase (AHH) and cytochrome b5 (Cyt b5) activities. The activity of glutathione-S-transferase (GST) showed a significant elevation by these phenolics in both liver and lungs. However, they had a differential effect on the levels of reduced glutathione (GSH) in both organs. Increased levels of GST and GSH elicited by these phenolics may protect the organism from the insult of various toxic carcinogenic chemicals.
Identifying factors influencing on civil service intentions to conduct whistleblowing

Article history: Received: March 3, 2020 Received in revised format: March 25 2020 Accepted: May 2, 2020 Available online: May 2, 2020 This study aims to determine the effects of different factors influencing on civil service intentions to conduct whistleblowing. The factors include attitudes toward whistleblowing, organizational commitment, personal cost of reporting, wrongdoer, ethical environment, gender, and ethnicity. We conduct survey on 135 employees who work for financial audit institutions in Central Java Province of Indonesia. The results of the study indicate that attitude, organizational commitment and ethnicity had positive effects on whistleblowing intentions, while retaliation views and violator status had a negative effect on the intention of doing whistleblowing. However, the ethical environment and gender did not affect the intention of civil servants to do whistleblowing. It can be concluded that in the formation of intentions to conduct whistleblowing, there is a need for existence of self-control from various limitations. © 2020 by the authors; licensee Growing Science, Canada
PURCHASE DECISION BETWEEN CONSUMER LOYALTY AND BRAND IMAGE

This study aims to determine and analyze the effect of consumer loyalty and brand image on seafood food purchasing decisions. The analytical tool used in this study is multiple linear regression analysis, T-Test and F-Test and Determination Coefficient. With SPSS The results of the research show that partially consumer loyalty and brand image influence the decision to buy seafood. Likewise, the results of other hypothesis tests indicate that simultaneously the independent variable of consumer loyalty and brand image influences buying decisions. Thus the results of this hypothesis test are in line with several previous studies. Consumer loyalty is the commitment of customers to a brand, store, or supplier based on the very positive nature of long-term purchases, whereas brand image states that a brand has strong roots when the brand is associated with values that represent or are desired by consumers.
Collaboration for clinical innovation: a nursing and engineering alliance for better patient care

Background There is significant need and enormous potential for innovation in clinical settings. However, for various reasons, this potential is rarely realised. Aims This paper aims to present a collaborative approach to innovation between clinicians and engineers, using two nursing case studies as examples. Suggestions are offered to improve facilitation of innovation in healthcare settings. Methods An engineering design process was applied to develop novel medical devices in response to unmet clinical needs identified by nurses. This process includes problem exploration, definition of project scope, concept generation, detailed design, manufacture, prototype evaluation and iterative design improvements. Results Two case studies are presented to showcase the results of this multidisciplinary approach to innovation. Both projects resulted in novel medical devices being put into clinical use safely and effectively. Conclusions Collaboration between nurses and engineers facilitates rapid iteration of novel solutions to unmet clinical needs. Both professions have similar approaches to problem-solving, complemented by specialist knowledge in their contrasting areas of expertise, making for a highly capable multidisciplinary team.
Biocontrol of apple blue mould by new yeast strains: Cryptococcus albidus KKUY0017 and Wickerhamomyces anomalus KKUY0051 and their mode of action

Seeking new yeast strains having the ability to protect apple fruits against blue mould for a long time under different storage conditions was the main goal of this work. Based on the in vitro test, yeast strains KKUY0017 and KKUY0051 were selected as the most effective antagonists against Penicillium expansum. Sequencing of 26S rDNA of both yeasts confirmed that the identity of KKUY0017 and KKUY0051 was Cryptococcus albidus and Wickerhamomyces anomalus, respectively. The two strains protected the apple fruits from the blue mould disease under a wide range of temperature (5–30°C); however, W. anomalus KKUY0051 was more effective. At 25°C, W. anomalus KKUY0051 involved in the reduction of disease severity and disease incidence of blue mould by 56.49% and 57.78%, respectively. When either of the two yeasts was applied in concentration of 108 or 109 cells/mL, the maximum reduction in disease severity and disease incidence was achieved. Under cold storage (5°C), both yeast strains succeeded to protect the apple fruits free from the infection up to 24 days. Electron micrograph showed a fit attachment between the cells of C. albidus KKUY0017 and the fungal hyphae leading to the degrading of the hyphae; however, W. anomalus killed the fungal hyphae without direct attachment to them. Gas chromatography–mass spectrometry analysis of the cell-free extract of W. anomalus KKUY0051 revealed the presence of toxic compounds such as the nitrophenol derivatives. The results support the assumption that the main mode of action of this yeast is by killer toxins. We conclude that application of these yeasts under cold storage condition could keep the apple fruits free from blue mould infection for a long time.