Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A Review of the Tools and Methods for Distribution Networks’ Hosting Capacity Calculation

Integration of distributed energy resources (DERs) has numerous advantages as well as some disadvantages. To safely integrate DERs into a given distribution network and to maximize their benefits, it is important to thoroughly analyze the impact of DERs on that particular network. The maximum amount of DERs that a given distribution network can accommodate without causing technical problems or without requiring infrastructure modifications is defined as the hosting capacity (HC). In this work, a review of the recent literature regarding the HC is presented. The major limiting factors of HC are found to be voltage deviation, phase unbalance, thermal overload, power losses, power quality, installation location and protection devices’ miscoordination. The studies are found to employ one of four different methods for HC calculation: (i) deterministic, (ii) stochastic, (iii) optimization-based and (iv) streamlined. Commercially available tools for HC calculation are also presented. The review concludes that the choice of tools and methods for HC calculation depends on the data available and the type of study that is to be performed.
Yrittäjyyden edistämistä on tarkasteltava kriittisesti

Usein yrittäjyyden toivotaan tuovan talouskasvua ja työpaikkoja sekä ratkovan niin yhteiskunnan kuin ympäristön ongelmia. Lähes jokaista meistä yritetään saada harkitsemaan yrittäjyyttä uravaihtoehtona. Yrittäjyyskasvatuksella meistä yritetään kehittää oma-aloitteisia, aktiivisia ja innovatiivisia eli yrittäjämäisen ajattelutavan ja asenteen omaavia kansalaisia ja työntekijöitä (Laalo & Heinonen 2016). Halusin väitöstutkimuksessani ymmärtää, millaista toimintaa yrittäjyyden edistämiseen liittyy. Väitöskirjassani tutkin, mitä yrittäjyyttä edistävät organisaatiot tekevät. Tarkoitan yrittäjyyttä edistävillä organisaatioilla tahoja, jotka järjestävät toimintaa, tapahtumia ja tapaamisia saadakseen ihmiset kiinnostumaan yrittäjyydestä sekä innostaakseen ja tukeakseen ihmisiä kohti yrittäjyyttä. Minua kiinnosti, mitä yrittäjyyttä edistettäessä todella tullaan edistäneeksi. Miten yrittäjyys tulee ymmärretyksi ja mitä sen edistämisessä tavoitellaan? Millaisia yrittäjyyttä koskevia ihanteita muodostuu? Millaisia tulkintoja yrittäjyydestä tai millaisia identiteettejä toiminta mahdollistaa tai rajaa ulkopuolelleen? Yhdistän tutkimuksessani kriittistä yrittäjyystutkimusta (ks. esim. Verduijn, Dey, Tedmanson & Essers 2014) ja käytäntöteoreettista tutkimusotetta (ks. esim. Nicolini 2012), mitä ei ole juuri tehty empiirisessä yrittäjyystutkimuksessa. Kriittiset tutkijat ovat tuoneet esille, että yrittäjyystutkimuksessa ja käytännön toiminnassa yrittäjyyttä pidetään jopa itsestäänselvyytenä – asiana, jota tarvitaan aina lisää ja jota pitää edistää (Farny, Hedeboe Frederiksen, Hannibal & Jones 2016). Tämän vuoksi yrittäjyydestä on haastavaa puhua kyseenalaisten. Kyseenalaistamista kuitenkin tarvitaan, koska ollaan vaarallisilla vesillä, jos jotain ilmiötä tai ideaa ei voi haastaa. Väitän tutkimuksessani, että yrittäjyyden edistämistä tulisi tarkastella kriittisesti, koska yrittäjyyden edistämisellä on vaikutuksia siihen, miten yrittäjyys ymmärretään ja millainen yrittäjyys nähdään haluttavana. Käytäntöteoreettisen lähestymistapani myötä näen, että yrittäjyys saa vaihtelevia merkityksiä ja muotoja erilaisissa rutinoituneissa, suhteellisen vakiintuneissa sosiaalisesti jaetuissa puhumisen ja tekemisen tavoissa eli käytännöissä (Nicolini 2012). Esimerkiksi startup-tapahtuman pitchaus-kisa saa lavalla liikeideaansa esittelevän nuoren miehen näyttäytymään nykyajan rokkistarana ja ylipäänsä startup-yrittäjyyden näyttäytymään tavoiteltavana asiana. Työvoimatoimiston käytännöissä puolestaan liiketoiminta voi olla peruste evätä samaiselta mieheltä hänen hakemansa tuet. Näiden ristiriitaisten merkitysten takia on siis tärkeää tutkia erilaisia yrittäjyyteen liittyviä käytäntöjä sekä pyrkiä ymmärtämään, miten ja millaiseksi yrittäjyys niissä rakentuu. Tämän vuoksi omassa tutkimuksessani tarkastelen yrittäjyyttä edistävien organisaatioiden käytäntöjä.
‘Everybody needs to post a selfie every once in a while’: exploring the politics of Instagram curation in young women’s self-representational practices

ABSTRACT Instagram is one of the most popular social media platforms worldwide, reaching (as of 2018) over 1 billion monthly active users. One of the major affordances of Instagram is the creation and posting of pictures. This allows for the production of photographic self-representations – one of the central aspects of contemporary everyday social media practices. Yet, these practices, deeply intertwined with the politics of gender representation, are often dismissed as trivial. Following a feminist media studies approach, grounded in the tradition of cultural studies, this research seeks to provide a critical and qualitative exploration of how young women using Instagram understand gendered self-representational practices. To do so, we conducted 13 in-depth interviews with ‘ordinary’ female Instagram users (i.e., not celebrities, influencers, or ‘Insta-famous’ users) aged 18–35 years. Our findings illustrate how these understandings are rooted in complex negotiations and can combine contradictory discourses. They emphasize the importance of attentive curation in self-representational practices, acknowledging the influence of social and aesthetic conventions of photographable and Instagrammable. These findings highlight the tensions surrounding the idea of self-representation, acknowledging its potential as an empowering practice, while simultaneously recognizing the users’ need to negotiate the culturally prevalent negative and gendered stereotypes about selfie-taking. Furthermore, it also explores the existing negotiations between the desires to engage with popular Instagrammable aesthetics, while still grounding these practices on a sense of authenticity.
Sulphur oxidation by soil fungi including some species of mycorrhizae and wood-rotting Basidiomycetes

The mycorrhizal fungi Amanita muscaria, Paxillus involutus, Hymenoscyphus ericae, Pisolithus tinctorius, Rhizopogon roseolus, and Suillus bovinus oxidized elemental sulphur to thiosulphate and sulphate in vitro. In some, but not all cases, tetrathionate was also formed. Limited oxidation of elemental sulphur by R. roseolus also occurred when growing in association with Pinus contorta in unsterilized peat. Although yeasts capable of oxidizing sulphur could not be isolated from a wide range of soils, a yeast-like fungus (Monilia sp.) isolated from deciduous woodland soil oxidized elemental sulphur to sulphate, forming thiosulphate, but not tetrathionate. This fungus also oxidized tetrathionate to sulphate but showed only limited ability to oxidize thiosulphate to tetrathionate. Both Aspergillus niger and Trichoderma harzianum oxidized elemental sulphur in mixed culture with Mucor flavus. Larger amounts of sulphate were initially formed in mixed, compared to single culture; but by week 5 of the incubation period sulphate formation was greatest in single culture. The wood-rotting fungi, Hypholoma fasciculare and Phanerochaete velutina showed a limited ability to oxidize elemental sulphur in vitro but were incapable of oxidizing the element when growing as mycelial cords in non-sterilized soils. The relevance of these results to the possibility that fungi play a role in sulphur oxidation in soils is commented upon.
Aerial dispersal of aquatic invertebrates along and away from arid-land streams

Abstract. Dispersal is an essential process in metapopulation and metacommunity dynamics. Most studies of aquatic invertebrate dispersal in streams have focused on in-stream drift of larvae. However, understanding aerial dispersal is important for predicting community assembly in isolated habitats after disturbance or stream restoration. We used artificial pools placed at 3 distances (5, 75, and 250 m) from 1 perennial and 1 ephemeral arid-land stream to examine aerial-dispersal dynamics of aquatic invertebrates over a 6-wk period in summer 2009. We also conducted a 2-wk experiment to examine the relationship between daily rainfall and disperser abundance at the perennial site. Sixty-six aquatic invertebrate taxa (including many Coleoptera and Diptera and fewer Hemiptera, Ephemeroptera, Trichoptera, and noninsect taxa) colonized the artificial pools. They represented ⅓ of taxa documented from neighboring perennial streams. Abundance and species richness declined with distance away from both streams. This result suggests that ephemeral stream channels may serve as important aerial dispersal corridors for aquatic invertebrates even when no surface water is present. Mean species richness tripled after 58 mm of rain during the 4th wk of the experiment. Data from the 2-wk experiment highlighted the role of rainfall as a dispersal cue in this system. Amount of daily rainfall explained 48 to 77% of the variation in disperser abundance at 5, 75, and 250 m from the perennial site. We used spatiotemporal dispersal patterns observed in our study to identify 5 modes of aerial dispersal among 56 taxa: 1) widespread common, 2) widespread haphazard, 3) range-restricted, 4) cue-limited, and 5) infrequent. Classification of specific aerial-dispersal modes provides a conceptual framework for modeling spatially explicit community responses to disturbance, stream restoration, and climate-change-induced habitat contraction or expansion.
Annual CO2 fluxes from a cultivated fen with perennial grasses during two initial years of rewetting.

Department of Agroecology, Aarhus University Interdisciplinary Centre for Climate Change, Tjele, Denmark Current address: USDA-ARS Delta Water Management Research Unit, Jonesboro, AR 72401, USA Current address: Noble Research Institute, Ardmore, OK 73401, USA Department of Mathematics, Aarhus University, Denmark _______________________________________________________________________________________
General Topology Derivation Methods and Control Strategies of Field Winding-Based Flux Adjustable PM Machines for Generator System in More Electric Aircraft

The field winding-based flux adjustable permanent magnet (FWFAPM) machines, including the hybrid excitation (HE) topology and the memory topology, can offer excellent capabilities in terms of flux regulation, wide constant power operation as well as de-excitation (flux-weakening) under fault; thus, they are capable for use in More Electric Aircraft (MEA) generator systems. First, this article probes four basic HE modes, and based on that, a general method deriving permanent magnet (PM) machines to HE machines is established. The basic characteristics of each HE mode considering the relationship between S-pole and N-pole are obtained for the first time. The performance differences of each HE mode combined with different PM machines are summarized. Then, this general topology derivation method is extended for the memory topology. The unified derivation method of the single-PM topologies, the double-PM topologies, and the triple-PM topologies for memory machines is systematically established. The general laws of the electromagnetic performance of each double-PM mode and triple-PM mode considering different relationships between NdFeB and AlNiCo are summarized for the first time. Finally, the control strategies for voltage regulation of aircraft generator systems are discussed based on the different critical control variables and controller types; a torque impulse balance control method which shows excellent dynamic performance for both target control variable and critical control variable has been achieved experimentally.
Joining Force of Human Muscular Task Planning With Robot Robust and Delicate Manipulation for Programming by Demonstration

Recently, programing by demonstration (PbD) received much attention for its capacity of fast programming with increasing demands in the robot manipulation area, especially in industrial applications. However, one of the biggest challenges of PbD is the recognition of demonstrator's finger high-fidelity motions especially in the environments with uncertainties, which limits the efficiency and accuracy of PbD. In this article, inspired by human dexterity, a novel PbD approach using the implicit muscular task planning strategy is presented to extract features from the arms’ giant movement and the hands’ fine motions during the demonstrator's operation. Furthermore, we integrate a deep reinforcement learning control method that further improves the manipulations’ adaptive ability in the unknown or dynamic environments. The experimental results show that our proposed approach can deal with relative complex assembly tasks with a success rate of more than 67% within a fit tolerance of 4.2 mm by one-shot demonstration.
Editing modifies the GABAA receptor subunit α3

Adenosine to inosine (A-to-I) pre-mRNA editing by the ADAR enzyme family has the potential to increase the variety of the proteome. This editing by adenosine deamination is essential in mammals for a functional brain. To detect novel substrates for A-to-I editing we have used an experimental method to find selectively edited sites and combined it with bioinformatic techniques that find stem–loop structures suitable for editing. We present here the first verified editing candidate detected by this screening procedure. We show that Gabra-3, which codes for the α3 subunit of the GABAA receptor, is a substrate for editing by both ADAR1 and ADAR2. Editing of the Gabra-3 mRNA recodes an isoleucine to a methionine. The extent of editing is low at birth but increases with age, reaching close to 100% in the adult brain. We therefore propose that editing of the Gabra-3 mRNA is important for normal brain development.
Unanswered Questions About the Giant Squid Architeuthis (Architeuthidae) Illustrate Our Incomplete Knowledge of Coleoid Cephalopods*

Abstract: The giant squid, Architeuthis Steenstrup, 1857, serves as a model for what we know and do not know about the broad biological aspects of the coleoid cephalopods. Gaps in our knowledge of taxonomy and systematics, distribution, population size, habitat use, age and growth, predation and feeding, reproduction and life cycles, and functional morphology all are examined by our review of Architeuthis natural history. Continued Architeuthis research improves our understanding of all coleoid cephalopods, and provides an avenue to engage the public in the process of science.
Chemical and functional properties of full fat and defatted Cassia fistula seed flours.

2 Abstract: A relatively unknown leguminous (Cassia fistula) seeds were processed to full fat and defatted seed flours and the chemical and functional properties of seed flour were investigated using standard methods. Results showed the following respective values for FCF and DCF: Fat 6.68 and 0.39%, ash 4.52 and 4.71%, protein 26.25 and 28.09%, fibre 7.47 and 7.68%, carbohydrate 49.80 and 53.44%, moisture content 5.28 and 5.69%. The respective mineral contents (mg/kg) were P 1.52 and 1.76, Zn 270.67 and 241.82, Fe 179.529 and 242.50, Mn 37.21 and 41.73, Mg 947.38 and 896.00, Na 118.42 and 145.31, Ca 924.99 and 1001.20, K 837.61 and 899.18. The respective phytic acid and tannin contents were 0.26 and 0.21%; 7.70 and 8.18%. The water absorption capacity, oil absorption capacity, emulsion capacity, least gelation capacity, foaming capacity and foaming stability (after 4 hours) of FCF and DCF were: 512 and 558%, 216.20 and 218.08%, 40 and 20%, 10 and 8% (m/v), 33.33 and 37.25%, 27.45 and 29.49% respectively. The protein solubility of FCF and DCF was least between pH 4 and highest between pH 7-10. Defatting significantly influenced the chemical composition and functional properties of CF.
The Artist in the Machine

Margaret Boden is a research professor of cognitive science at the University of Sussex and the author of the widely read The Creative Mind: Myths & Mechanisms, published in 1990. She has studied creativity, particularly in the context of computer science, for many years, looking into the creative aspects of computers and their similarities to the workings of the human brain. 40 She defines creativity as the ability to come up with products—ideas or artifacts—that are new, surprising, and of value. 41
Trace-metals and Chlorinated Hydrocarbons in Birds' Eggs from the Delta of the Danube

Trace-elements (Hg, Se, Cd, and Pb) and chlorinated hydrocarbons (HCB, α-HCH, γ-HCH, DDTs, and PCB) were analysed in eggs of seven species of birds (White Pelican, Common Cormorant, Pygmy Cormorant, Glossy Ibis, Grey Heron, Night Heron, and Mallard) collected in the Danube Delta. The species are at various levels of the food-chain. Trace elements:—cadmium and lead occurred in very low concentrations (Cd<0.025 μg/g dw; Pb<0.250 μg/g dw) as is usually the case; mercury reached high levels in predatory birds (4.9 ppm in the Common Cormorant); selenium concentrations were quite high but homogeneous in the different species. No correlation between selenium and mercury concentrations was found, suggesting that the possible protective action of selenium enters into effect only when a certain threshold of mercury concentration has been reached. Chlorinated hydrocarbons:—DDTs (particularly pp'DDE) occured at very high levels in the first three species; PCB levels are lower than those of DDTs; the PCB/DDE ratio is about 0.3–0.8 (such values are described as typical of agricultural zones and quite different from those found in the Mediterranean and in the East Atlantic); Lindane is present in amounts greater than those found in the two above-mentioned areas; α-HCH and HCB levels are similar to those of other areas. The possible pathway of these toxicants within the body and their impact on reproductive success is discussed, albeit somewhat conjecturally.
TIPO DE MINIESTACA E DE SUBSTRATO NA PROPAGAÇÃO VEGETATIVA DE ANGICO-VERMELHO (Anadenanthera macrocarpa (Benth.) Brenan)

This paper aimed to evaluate the effect of leaf area reduction of apical and intermediate mini-cuttings and different substrates (vermiculite and organic substrate) on the rooting of six half-sib Anadenanthera macrocarpa progenies from mini-stumps of seminal origin. The evaluations were carried out in the greenhouse (30 days) and the shade house (40 days) for survival rate and roots percentage observed at the bottom of the container. Survival rate and rooting percentage, height, stem diameter, number of roots, and dry mass of shoot and roots of mini-cuttings were evaluated, in the full sunlight area, 70 days after staking. The results showed that are not differences between progenies for type of mini-cuttings and substrate to characteristics evaluated. The vermiculite substrate provided the best results for the survival rate, rooting percentage, height, stem diameter and weight of dry roots. In general terms, apical mini-cuttings up to 10 cm in length and entire leaf had higher averages survival rate, rooting percentage, root number and dry weight of shoot and root. Therefore, using vermiculite as substrate, apical mini-cuttings up to 10 cm in length and entire leaf were more appropriate for vegetative propagation from seminal material of Anadenanthera macrocarpa by mini-cutting technique.
The behaviour of pigs in a semi-natural environment

In order to obtain a better knowledge of the behaviour of the domestic pig, a small population was established in 1978 near Edinburgh in an enclosure with several types of habitat, including woodland and bog. Over a 3·5-year period 13 different groups were studied with each group typically containing a boar, four sows, a young sub-adult boar and an immature gilt. The sow and her piglets were allowed to determine the time of weaning and, apart from providing food for maintenance and reproduction, handling was kept to a minimum. The behaviour of these pigs, which included most of the behaviour of the European wild boar, is described in a general manner for the non-specialist.
Dual Graph for Traffic Forecasting

Traffic forecasting is the task of predicting future traffic based on historical traffic data. It is challenging due to the complex spatial-temporal correlation on road networks. Most existing research works use sequential Graph Neural Networks (GNN) to model traffic inference. However, they only focus on nodes (intersections) or edges (road segments) traffic forecasting alone. As a result, they could hardly provide a complete description of future traffic on road networks. Actually, nodes and edges traffic are interrelated. Both of them are important for traffic safety and efficiency, and neither one is negligible. In this paper, we exploit nodes and edges information together and make traffic forecasting on nodes and edges simultaneously. We propose a novel dual graph framework, called DualGraph, to model the propagation behavior of traffic on road networks. Inside our framework, we develop a DualMap block to simulate the recursive interactions between nodes and edges. The interaction process is realized by a message passing mechanism of nearby information flow. We employ the Simulation of Urban MObility (SUMO) software to generate real-world traffic data to illustrate the effectiveness of our method. We also empirically evaluate our model on public traffic datasets. The results show that even for node or edge traffic forecasting alone, our model still outperforms compared ones, especially for long term (one hour) prediction.
The putative thiol-disulphide interchange protein DsbG from Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans has disulphide isomerase activity

The putative thiol-disulphide interchange protein, DsbG, is involved in the formation and rearrangement of disulphide bonds in Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans but its exact role is so far unclear. The gene encoding DsbG from A. ferrooxidans ATCC 23270 was cloned and expressed in Escherichia coli BL21 (DE3). The protein was purified by one- step affinity chromatography. The scRNaseA could be rescued to 89% of the native RNaseA activity by using the purified DsbG of A. ferrooxidans. This characteristic is unique and different from that of DsbG from E. coli, which does not catalyse the oxidative refolding of RNaseA in vitro. Site-directed mutagenesis of the DsbG protein revealed that Cys119A and Cys122A do not possess the disulphide isomerization activity, indicating Cys119 and Cys122 are catalytic residues and play a crucial role in disulphide isomerization.
Effect of Acute Dose and Subchronic Dose of Cyfluthrin (Synthetic Pyrethroid -Solfac 050EW) on Serum Phosphatase Level of Swiss Albino Mice

Higher tropical level of the ecosystem may be affected directly and indirectly by the continuous and persistence use of synthetic pyrethroids. Human health may also be adversely affected by the accidental exposure of these synthethic pyrethroid at the workplace and their presence in the environment. Cyfluthrin is a broad spectrum synthetic type II pyrethroid insecticide and acaricide which is used in public health situations, and for domestic pests.Toxic effect of sub chronic and acute dose exposure of a synthetic pyrethroid, Cyfluthrin under the trade name Solfac 050EW, on the serum phosphatase, i.e. Acid phosphatase(ACP) content and Alkaline phosphate(ALP), were observed in this study. Oral administration of sub-chronic dose of Cyfluthrin (Solfac 050 EW) for 15 days and 30 days showed significant decrease in Acid phosphatase(ACP) content and Alkaline phosphate(ALP) content as compared to control group. For acute studies (double the recommended dose), after oral administration of Cyfluthrin after 3 hrs, 24 hrs and 15 days of the treatment, a highly significant decrease in content of ACP and ALP was observed as compared to control group. The present study suggests that Cyfluthrin (Solfac 050EW) shows significant toxic effects on serum phosphatase level of Swiss Albino Mice indicating the effect on metabolic activity.