Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
MicroRNA and Their Possible Therapeutic Applications in Cardiovascular Disease

INTRODUCTION MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are short, noncoding RNAs (21-23 nucleotides) that modify gene expression by downregulating genes at the post-transcriptional level during normal function of the cells and also in various developmental or disease processes (1). These RNAs bind to their targets in the 3’ untranslated region (UTR) of messenger RNAs (mRNAs) to inhibit translation or evoke degradation of the mRNA. In rare cases, miRNAs can also target 5’ UTR or coding regions (2). MiRNAs are ubiquitously expressed, but differ in tissue expression patterns (3). MiRNAs originate from transcripts that are either coexpressed with the host gene transcript that are either coexpressed with the host gene transcript or located in intergenic regions of the genome (1,4). Initially, the early transcript, called primary (pri)-mi RNA, is processed within the cellular nucleus by the ribonuclease III enzyme Drosha and the doublestranded RNA-binding protein DGCR8 into a so-called precursor (pre)-miRNA ( a short hairpin RNA molecule) and thereafter exported to the cytosol by exportin-5 (1,5,6). Within the cytosol, there is a digestion of pre-miRNA into small mature RNA molecules by the endonuclease Dicer, followed by binding to the RNA-induced silencing complex (RISC) complex (4). Fig.1. (7).
RHO-1 and the Rho GEF RHGF-1 interact with UNC-6/Netrin signaling to regulate growth cone protrusion and microtubule organization in C. elegans

UNC-6/Netrin is a conserved axon guidance cue that directs growth cone migrations in the dorsal-ventral axis of C. elegans and in the vertebrate spinal cord. UNC-6/Netrin is expressed in ventral cells, and growth cones migrate ventrally toward or dorsally away from UNC-6/Netrin. Recent studies of growth cone behavior during outgrowth in vivo in C. elegans have led to a polarity/protrusion model in directed growth cone migration away from UNC-6/Netrin. In this model, UNC-6/Netrin first polarizes the growth cone via the UNC-5 receptor, leading to dorsally biased protrusion and F-actin accumulation. UNC-6/Netrin then regulates protrusion based on this polarity. The receptor UNC-40/DCC drives protrusion dorsally, away from the UNC-6/Netrin source, and the UNC-5 receptor inhibits protrusion ventrally, near the UNC-6/Netrin source, resulting in dorsal migration. UNC-5 inhibits protrusion in part by excluding microtubules from the growth cone, which are pro-protrusive. Here we report that the RHO-1/RhoA GTPase and its activator GEF RHGF-1 inhibit growth cone protrusion and MT accumulation in growth cones, similar to UNC-5. However, growth cone polarity of protrusion and F-actin were unaffected by RHO-1 and RHGF-1. Thus, RHO-1 signaling acts specifically as a negative regulator of protrusion and MT accumulation, and not polarity. Genetic interactions suggest that RHO-1 and RHGF-1 act with UNC-5, as well as with a parallel pathway, to regulate protrusion. The cytoskeletal interacting molecule UNC-33/CRMP was required for RHO-1 activity to inhibit MT accumulation, suggesting that UNC-33/CRMP might act downstream of RHO-1. In sum, these studies describe a new role of RHO-1 and RHGF-1 in regulation of growth cone protrusion by UNC-6/Netrin. Author Summary Neural circuits are formed by precise connections between axons. During axon formation, the growth cone leads the axon to its proper target in a process called axon guidance. Growth cone outgrowth involves asymmetric protrusion driven by extracellular cues that stimulate and inhibit protrusion. How guidance cues regulate growth cone protrusion in neural circuit formation is incompletely understood. This work shows that the signaling molecule RHO-1 acts downstream of the UNC-6/Netrin guidance cue to inhibit growth cone protrusion in part by excluding microtubules from the growth cone, which are structural elements that drive protrusion.
Deep Learning Provides Exceptional Accuracy to ECoG-Based Functional Language Mapping for Epilepsy Surgery

Successful surgical resection in epilepsy patients depends on preserving functionally critical brain regions while removing pathological tissues. Being the gold standard, Electro-cortical Stimulation Mapping (ESM) helps surgeons localize the function of eloquent cortex through electrical stimulation of the electrodes placed directly on the cortical brain surface. Due to the potential hazards of ESM, including increased risk of provoked seizures, Electrocorticography based Functional Mapping (ECOG-FM) was introduced as a safe alternative approach. However, ECoG-FM has a low success rate in localization of eloquent language cortex compared to the ESM. In this study, we address this limitation by developing a new deep learning algorithm for ECoG-FM with an accuracy comparable to the ESM when identifying eloquent language cortex. In our experiments with 11 epilepsy patients who underwent presurgical evaluation (through deep learning-based signal analysis on 637 electrodes), the proposed algorithm made an exceptional 34% improvement over the conventional ECoG-FM analysis, reaching the state-of-the-art accuracy of ~89%. Our findings have demonstrated, for the first time, that deep learning powered ECoG-FM can serve as a stand-alone modality and avoid potential hazards of the ESM in epilepsy surgery.
EFFECT OF MELINJO PEEL EXTRACT ON TRIGLYCERIDES LEVEL OF THE RATS FED A HIGH CHOLESTEROL DIET

Background: Hypertriglyceridemia is a risk factor for coronary heart diseases and strokes may be prevented high antioxidant food that found in plants. One of plants that use to prevent this, called Melinjo peel. Melinjo peel contains flavonoid can lower triglyceride levels. The objective of this study is to measure triglyceride levels before and after being given extract of Melinjo peel treatment. Materials and Methods: The type of research that used in this study is true experimental, by pre-test post-test control group design. High cholesterol diet is given by oral gavage for each of rats as much as 1,8 grams per day. The doses of Melinjo peel extract are given for 54,15 mg/kg, 108,3 mg/kg, and 216,6 mg/kg. Statistical analysis that used is Paired Sample T-Test and MANOVA (Multivariate Analyses of Variance). Result: Based on statistical analysis, showed that there are differences of triglyceride levels in the high cholesterol diet group, first treatment, second and third treatment before and after treatment significant (p. < 0.05). Levels of triglycerides in the normal diet group compared with the high cholesterol group and third treatment showed a significant difference (p. < 0.05). Conclusion: Melinjo peel extract can decreased triglyceride levels after treatment, those can be due to the flavonoid, lycopene, and vitamin C of Melinjo peel extract.
Agonist-Induced Activation of Matrix Metalloproteinase-7 Promotes Vasoconstriction Through the Epidermal Growth Factor–Receptor Pathway

Matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-dependent shedding of heparin-binding epidermal growth factor (HB-EGF) and subsequent activation of the EGF receptor (EGFR) in the cardiovasculature is emerging as a unique mechanism signaling growth effects of diverse G protein–coupled receptors (GPCRs). Among these GPCRs are adrenoceptors and angiotensin receptors that contribute to the pathogenesis of hypertension through their vasoconstrictive and growth effects. Focusing on α1b-adrenoceptors, we suggest here that MMP-dependent activation of the EGFR promotes vasoconstriction as well as growth. We identified MMP-7 as a major HB-EGF sheddase in rat mesenteric arteries and α1b-adrenoceptors, angiotensin receptors, and hypertension-stimulated MMP-7 activity. Adrenoceptors stimulated EGFR autophosphorylation in arteries, and this transactivation was opposed by the MMP-7 inhibitor GM6001 as well as MMP-7–specific antibodies. In isolated microperfused arteries, blockade of EGFR transactivation with inhibitors of the EGFR (AG14.
A new subfamily of fossorial colubroid snakes from the Western Ghats of peninsular India

ABSTRACT We report molecular phylogenetic and dating analyses of snakes that include new mitochondrial and nuclear DNA sequence data for three species of the peninsular Indian endemic Xylophis. The results provide the first molecular genetic test of and support for the monophyly of Xylophis. Our phylogenetic results support the findings of a previous, taxonomically restricted phylogenomic analysis of ultraconserved nuclear sequences in recovering the fossorial Xylophis as the sister taxon of a clade comprising all three recognised extant genera of the molluscivoran and typically arboreal pareids. The split between Xylophis and ‘pareids’ is estimated to have occurred on a similar timescale to that between most (sub)families of extant snakes. Based on phylogenetic relationships, depth of molecular genetic and estimated temporal divergence, and on the external morphological and ecological distinctiveness of the two lineages, we classify Xylophis in a newly erected subfamily (Xylophiinae subfam. nov.) within Pareidae. urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:43BDE72C-6823-4D6A-8601-482862556D78 urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:AD3486DF-D874-4CFD-8EAE-14FF3E403AF9
Characterization of a diverse USDA collection of wild soybean (glycine soja siebold & zucc.) accessions and subsequent mapping for seed composition and agronomic traits in a RIL population

The relatively low genomic variation of current U.S. soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merill] cultivars constrains the improvement of grain yield, seed quality, and other agronomic traits within soybean breeding programs. Recently, a substantial effort has been undertaken to introduce novel genetic diversity present in wild soybean (Glycine soja Siebold & Zucc.) into new elite cultivars, in both public and private applied soybean breeding programs. The objectives of this research were to evaluate the phenotypic diversity within a core collection of 80 G. soja plant introductions (PIs) in the United States Department of Agriculture National Genetic Resources Program that were collected in China, Japan, Russia, and South Korea, and to analyze the correlations between agronomic and seed composition traits. Field tests were conducted in Missouri and North Carolina during three years, 2013, 2014, and 2015, in a randomized complete block design (n=3). The phenotypic data collected included plant maturity date, seed weight, and the seed concentration of protein, oil, essential amino acid, fatty acid, and soluble carbohydrates. Analyzing the data from six environments, we found genotype was a significant (p < 0.0001) source of variation for maturity date, seed weight, seed protein and amino acids, seed oil and fatty acids, and seed carbohydrates. Significant correlations were observed between numerous traits. The core collection had lower seed weight, higher seed content
Seed priming with salicylic acid potentiates water restriction-induced effects in tomato seed germination and early seedling growth

Abstract: Seed priming with salicylic acid (SA) has been described as a method with potential to improve seed germination under unfavorable conditions. The present study aimed to evaluate the ability of seed priming with SA to attenuate the impact of water restriction during germination and early seedling growth of tomato. Seeds were subjected to different concentrations of SA (0, 25 and 50 µM) and sowed on substrates at different percentages of the water holding capacity (20, 30, 40 and 100%). The following variables were evaluated: germination, first count of germination, germination speed index, shoots/root length and dry mass, superoxide dismutase, ascorbate peroxidase and catalase activities, contents of hydrogen peroxide and of malondialdehyde. Water restriction significantly decreased the variables related to germination and seedling performance. Despite increasing germination speed and seedling development when combined with well-irrigated conditions, priming with SA negatively impacted those characteristics under water deficit conditions. That was through increases in superoxide dismutase activity and H2O2 accumulation. Thus, it was concluded that seed priming with SA does not improve tomato seed germination and early seedling growth under water deficit.
An Enlarged Framework of Event-Triggered Control for Stochastic Systems

This article aims to enlarge the applicability of event-triggered control for stochastic systems, and is particularly concerned with event-triggered stabilization for stochastic systems with control-dependent diffusion term. Roughly treating stochastic noises as unfavorable factors for system stability, the related works are based on Lyapunov-type conditions for ISS property with respect to sampling error as those in the nonstochastic context. The conditions imply the existence of a twice-differentiable Lyapunov function with negative-definite infinitesimal under continuous-time control, and indeed exclude many familiar stochastic systems with control-dependent diffusion term which are continuously stabilizable while no such Lyapunov function exists. As the main contribution of this article, an enlarged framework of event-triggered stabilization is established for stochastic systems with control-dependent diffusion term, starting from the system stability under continuous-time control, rather than from Lyapunov-type conditions for ISS property. Specifically, with moment exponential stability assumed under continuous-time control, elementary event-triggering mechanisms are proposed with an enforced minimum inter-execution interval, under which the event-triggered controller can render the system exponentially stable both in the sense of expectation and in the almost sure sense. Particularly, a distinctive analysis of closed-loop stability is performed via delicate comparison between the solutions under the event-triggered, and continuous-time controls. Within the framework, inclusive Lyapunov-type conditions incorporating the underlying positive effects of stochastic noises are presented for event-triggered exponential stabilization of the stochastic systems, where the candidate Lyapunov function involved is weakened to be nondifferentiable at the origin and, even, to allow non-negative infinitesimal under continuous-time control.
Chemistry of the Upper and Lower Atmosphere: Theory, Experiments, and Applications

Overview of the Chemistry of Polluted and Remote Atmospheres. The Atmospheric System. Spectroscopy and Photochemistry: Fundamentals. Photochemistry of Important Atmospheric Species. Kinetics and Atmospheric Chemistry. Rates and Mechanisms of Gas-Phase Reactions in Irradiated Organic-NOx-Air Mixtures. Chemistry of Inorganic Nitrogen Compounds. Acid Deposition: Formation and Fates of Inorganic and Organic Acids in the Troposphere. Particles in the Troposphere. Airborne Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons and Their Derivatives: Atmospheric Chemistry and Toxicological Implications. Analytical Methods and Typical Atmospheric Concentrations for Gases and Particles. Homogeneous and Heterogeneous Chemistry in the Stratosphere. Scientific Basis for Control of Halogenated Organics. Global Tropospheric Chemistry and Climate Change. Indoor Air Pollution: Sources, Levels, Chemistry, and Fates. Applications of Atmospheric Chemistry: Air Pollution Control Strategies and Risk Assessments for Tropospheric Ozone and Associated Photochemical Oxidants, Acids, Particles, and Hazardous Air Pollutants. Appendix I: Enthalpies of Formation of Some Gaseous Molecules, Atoms, and Free Radicals at 298 K. Appendix II: Bond Dissociation Energies. Appendix III: Running the OZIPR Model. Appendix IV: Some Relevant Web Sites. Appendix V: Pressures and Temperatures for Standard Atmosphere. Appendix VI: Answers to Selected Problems. Subject Index.
Unusual Localized Non-Hodkin Lymphoma: Left Ventricular Giant Mass in a Patient Admitted with Syncope

SUMMARY Cardiac involvement with non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) is rare. Depending on the cavity involved, presenting symptoms may include shortness of breath, arrhythmia, syncope, heart failure, and pericardial effusion. However, the definitive diagnosis is dependent on patholog. The prognosis of non-Hodgkin lymphoma is poor due to late diagnosis and limited treatment options. Herein, we present the case of a seventy-year-old female patient who was admitted to the Emergency Department with no complaints of cardiac discomfort and no cardiac history but was diagnosed with Diffuse Large B cell lymphoma using transthoracic echocardiography.
Novel QoS-Guaranteed Orchestration Scheme for Energy-Efficient Mobile Augmented Reality Applications in Multi-Access Edge Computing

In this study, we focus on improving the energy efficiency of multiple mobile augmented reality (MAR) devices (MDs) with different MAR applications, which are connected to a single multi-access edge computing (MEC) server, through the centralized orchestration of the MEC server. To achieve this, a trade-off between the accuracy, latency, and energy consumption of each MD is considered as intertwined costs. Accordingly, we minimize a sum of intertwined costs including the energy consumption, latency and accuracy loss of multiple MDs, while satisfying the maximum latency constraint and the minimum accuracy constraint of each MAR application. With rigorous analysis, we design a theoretical framework for the optimization of MD performance by jointly managing the frame resolution of the image to offload to the MEC server from MDs, and the computation capacity distribution over MDs in the case of the limited computation capacity of the MEC server. Our numerical analysis validates that the proposed scheme significantly reduces the number of service-level agreement violations, such as exceeding the maximum latency constraint, compared with the existed algorithm. Specifically, the proposed work significantly improve costs of service latency, accuracy loss, and energy consumption of MDs for MEC-assisted MAR services compared with baseline schemes.
Genetic analysis of phosphite sensitivity in Arabidopsis thaliana

Application of phosphite to plants is used to manage oomycete diseases. However, the mode of action is not fully understood and together with a lack of alternative control methods, and increased resistance to phosphite, an in-depth investigation was warranted. Arabidopsis thaliana was used as a model to investigate the response to phosphite by looking at changes to relevant genes by ethyl methanesulphonate mutant analysis and by natural genetic variation between accessions. The ethyl methanesulphonate analysis resulted in a phosphite tolerant mutant with a significantly altered root phenotype. However, this was lost after out- and backcrosses and hence the mutation remains unknown. The presence of natural genetic variation between different accessions was shown and highlights that the phosphate starvation response can be used to investigate responses to phosphite. Notably, this study was the first to examine long-term exposure to phosphite in A. thaliana, allowing phosphate usage efficiency instead of variation on phosphate/phosphite uptake competition to be examined in detail. Out of 18 accessions screened, two contrasting accessions Bur-0 and Col-0 were shown to be suitable to investigate genetic variation, leading to the identification of highly significant quantitative trait loci’s. In turn, locally acting phosphate distribution and recycling genes were shown to respond differently to phosphite between accessions. These candidate genes were further investigated and hypothesised to increase phosphate use efficiency resulting in better plant growth. This study confirmed differences in the sensing and the distinction between phosphate and phosphite between accessions. Furthermore, the phosphate and phosphite status of the vacuole in the shoot and selective sequestration was shown to be involved in systematic phosphate starvation response regulation and signalling of adaptations in root development. Additionally, the highest measured gene induction was measured for the Pathogen Resistance1 gene in Col-0, proving a direct link between phosphate starvation response and pathogen defence. This further underlines the appropriateness of phosphite application against oomycete pathogens.
Photometric-Planner for Visual Path Following

Robotic navigation is the aspect of cognition related to robot robust mobility. It combines perception, some knowledge on the environment and a set of goal poses to reliably control the robot during a mission that involves displacement. Vision-based autonomous navigation is an instantiation of the latter discipline where visual perception is used to control the robot and to represent the environment. This article presents a vision-based navigation system that uses its onboard camera to navigate and a visual path that represents the scene with a set of images. Being a memory-based system, the navigation is conceived as a concatenation of positioning tasks in the visual servoing scheme. The novelty on the proposed system relies on the generation of the images that compose the visual path. These images are rendered from a preobtained model of the scene. The experiments evaluate the performance of the system over three different scenes, contemplating indoor and outdoor environments, and using an Unmanned Aerial Vehicle as testbed.
Developing a Bright NIR‐II Fluorophore with Fast Renal Excretion and Its Application in Molecular Imaging of Immune Checkpoint PD‐L1

Fluorescence imaging in the second near‐infrared (NIR‐II) window holds impressive advantages of enhanced penetration depth and improved signal‐to‐noise ratio. Bright NIR‐II fluorophores with renal excretion ability and low tissue accumulation are favorable for in vivo molecular imaging applications as they can render the target‐mediated molecular imaging process easily distinguishable. Here, a probe (anti‐PD‐L1‐BGP6) comprising a fluorophore (IR‐BGP6) covalently bonded to the programmed cell death ligand‐1 monoclonal antibody (PD‐L1 mAb) for molecular imaging of immune checkpoint PD‐L1 (a targeting site upregulated in various tumors for cancer imaging) in the NIR‐II window is reported. Through molecular optimization, the bright NIR‐II fluorophore IR‐BGP6 with fast renal excretion (≈91% excretion in general through urine within the first 10 h postinjection) is developed. The conjugate anti‐PD‐L1‐BGP6 succeeds in profiling PD‐L1 expression and realizes efficient noninvasive molecular imaging in vivo, achieving a tumor to normal tissue (T/NT) signal ratio as high as ≈9.5. Compared with the NIR‐II fluorophore with high nonspecific tissue accumulation, IR‐BGP6 derived PD‐L1 imaging significantly enhances the molecular imaging performance, serving as a strong tool for potentially studying underlying mechanism of immunotherapy. The work provides rationales to design renal‐excreted NIR‐II fluorophores and illustrate their advantages for in vivo molecular imaging.