Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A Ku-Band Interference-Rejection CMOS Low-Noise Amplifier Using Current-Reused Stacked Common-Gate Topology

A Ku-band CMOS low-noise amplifier (LNA) with high interference-rejection (IR), wide gain control range, and low dc power consumption is presented. The LNA consists of two common-gate metal-oxide-semiconductor field-effect transistors interconnected with an interstage parallel tank for the IR. The stacked common-gate stages share the same dc bias current to reduce power consumption and have controllable gain by changing this dc current. The implemented 0.13 mum CMOS LNA achieves measured power gain of 10.8 dB, noise figure of 4.2 dB, output P1 dB of -4.3 dBm at 15 GHz, while rejecting interference down to a 38.5 dB level. The gain control range is 23.3 dB by varying the gate voltage from 0.2 to 1.2 V. The LNA consumes only 4 mA from a 1.3-V supply.
Methoden für die Bemessung der Leistungsfähigkeit multidirektional genutzter Fußverkehrsanlagen

Alle masgeblichen nationalen und internationalen Regelwerke zur Dimensionierung von Fusverkehrsanlagen stutzen sich auf das bereits in der zweiten Halfte des vergangenen Jahrhunderts durch Oeding und Fruin begrundete Level-of-Service-Konzept. Es definiert Qualitatsstufen, die den Zusammenhang zwischen Personendichte und Bewegungskomfort beschreiben. Die wissenschaftliche Grundlage hierfur liefert das Fundamentaldiagramm. Es stellt die Beziehung zwischen Dichte und Geschwindigkeit bzw. der Dichte und dem Verkehrsfluss dar. Fur bi- und multidirektionale Verkehre, wie sie z. B. in Bahnhofen oder bei Grosveranstaltungen regelmasig vorkommen, fehlt jedoch die zuverlassige, empirische Datenbasis. Fur den multidirektionalen Verkehr an Kreuzungen stehen zudem bis heute keine Methoden zur Verfugung, den Zusammenhang zwischen Geschwindigkeit, Dichte und Personenfluss zutreffend zu beschreiben. Die vorliegende Arbeit stellt neue Methoden fur die Bemessung der Leistungsfahigkeit multidirektional genutzter Fusverkehrsanlagen vor. Empirische Grundlage sind die in den Forschungsprojekten BaSiGo und Hermes durchgefuhrten Laborexperimente, an denen bis zu etwa 1000 Probanden gleichzeitig teilgenommen haben. Es wird ein Konzept beschrieben, das es ermoglicht, den Personenfluss, die Dichte und die Geschwindigkeit auf multidirektional genutzten Fusverkehrsanlagen konsistent zu bestimmen. Das neue Konzept ubertragt die Raum-Zeit-Mittelwerte, die Edie in den 1960er Jahren fur den spurgebundenen Fahrzeugverkehr eingefuhrt hat, auf beliebig gerichtete Fusverkehre. Erganzend wird ein Skalierungsfaktor begrundet, der es erlaubt, die Ergebnisse auch auf solche Verkehrsanlagen zu ubertragen, die nicht unmittelbar untersucht wurden. Hierfur wird das „Konzept des spezifischen Flusses“, welches sich bei uni- und bidirektionalen Verkehren bewahrt hat, verallgemeinert, so dass es auch fur den multidirektionalen Verkehr auf Kreuzungen angewendet werden kann. Daruber hinaus wird ein methodischer Ansatz entwickelt, die „Konfliktdichte“ innerhalb eines Personenstroms zu quantifizieren, um die Unterschiede in der Leistungsfahigkeit derselben Verkehrsanlage bei unterschiedlichen Nutzungsarten – bspw. unidirektionaler vs. bidirektionaler Verkehr – beschreiben zu konnen. Die ermittelten Kenngrosen der Leistungsfahigkeit werden in das Level-of-Safety-Konzept integriert. Dieses wurde innerhalb des Forschungsprojektes BaSiGo erarbeitet. Das neue Konzept orientiert sich am etablierten Level-of-Service-Konzept, fokussiert jedoch auf den Aspekt der Sicherheit bei Grosveranstaltungen. An Stelle der feinskaligen Unterteilung in Qualitatsstufen, wie sie das Level-of- Service-Konzept vorsieht, erfolgt die Klassifizierung mit dem Level-of-Safety-Konzept anhand eines praktikablen Ampelsystems.
Reorganization of the human neutrophil plasma membrane is associated with functional priming: implications for neutrophil preparations

Changes in the functional and plasma membrane organizational states of human neutrophils were examined using two isolation procedures, which may simulate altered physiological states in vivo. A gelatin‐based method of blood‐neutrophil isolation was used to model in vivo priming, and neutrophils isolated by this method were compared with control populations prepared by a pyrogen‐free, dextran‐based method. Gelatin‐prepared neutrophils were functionally primed for adherence and agonist‐stimulated superoxide generation relative to unprimed, control neutrophils. The organizational state of the membrane cortex was examined by mapping the subcellular distribution of select cortical and transmembrane proteins by several methods, including subcellular fractionation, indirect immunofluorescence, and compositional analysis of Triton X‐100‐insoluble membrane skeleton preparations. Filamentous actin, fodrin, and the fodrin anchor, CD45, were largely cytoplasmic in unprimed neutrophils but translocated to plasma membranes upon priming, whereas CD43 and ezrin were exclusively surface‐associated in both populations. Isopycnic sucrose density gradient analysis of N2‐cavitated neutrophils revealed a major shift in the distribution of surface‐associated transmembrane and membrane cortical components relative to the plasma membrane marker alkaline phosphatase in primed but not unprimed neutrophils. Similar results were obtained after neutrophil stimulation with known priming agents, LPS, TNF‐α, or GM‐CSF. Together, these results may suggest that priming of suspended, circulating neutrophils is associated with a large‐scale reorganization of the plasma membrane and associated membrane cortex in a process that is independent of cellular adhesion and gross morphologic polarization.
Towards Model-based Continuous-time Identification of the Human Balance Controller

Abstract There are a number of competing scientific hypotheses about the structure and parameters of the human control system concerned with balance. System identification techniques have potential to distinguish between such competing hypotheses. As a step towards this goal, the data from an initial series of experiments involving balancing an inverted pendulum by a human via a joystick was analysed using a recently-developed two-stage continuous-time identification method.
A double-blind, randomized multicenter trial comparing duloxetine with placebo in the management of diabetic peripheral neuropathic pain.

OBJECTIVE Assess efficacy and safety of duloxetine, a selective serotonin and norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor, on the reduction of pain severity, in patients with diabetic peripheral neuropathic pain (DPNP). METHODS This was a multicenter, parallel, double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trial that enrolled 348 patients with pain due to peripheral neuropathy caused by type 1 or type 2 diabetes mellitus. Patients (N = 116 per group) were randomly assigned to receive duloxetine 60 mg once daily (QD), duloxetine 60 mg twice daily (BID), or placebo, for 12 weeks. The primary outcome measure was the weekly mean score of 24-hour average pain severity evaluated on an 11-point Likert scale. Secondary outcome measures and safety were evaluated. RESULTS Compared with placebo-treated patients, both duloxetine-treated groups improved significantly more (P < 0.001) on the 24-hour average pain score. Duloxetine demonstrated superiority to placebo in all secondary analyses of the primary efficacy measure. A significant treatment effect for duloxetine was observed in most secondary measures for pain. Discontinuations due to adverse events were more frequent in the duloxetine 60 mg BID- (12.1%) versus the placebo- (2.6%) treated group. Duloxetine showed no adverse effects on diabetic control, and both doses were safely administered and well tolerated. CONCLUSIONS In this clinical trial, duloxetine 60 mg QD and duloxetine 60 mg BID were effective and safe in the management of DPNP.
RAPID ADAPTATION TO A NOVEL HOST IN A SEED BEETLE (CALLOSOBRUCHUS MACULATUS): THE ROLE OF SEXUAL SELECTION

Abstract Rapid diversification is common among herbivorous insects and is often the result of host shifts, leading to the exploitation of novel food sources. This, in turn, is associated with adaptive evolution of female oviposition behavior and larval feeding biology. Although natural selection is the typical driver of such adaptation, the role of sexual selection is less clear. In theory, sexual selection can either accelerate or impede adaptation. To assess the independent effects of natural and sexual selection on the rate of adaptation, we performed a laboratory natural selection experiment in a herbivorous bruchid beetle (Callosobruchus maculatus). We established replicated selection lines where we varied natural (food type) and sexual (mating system) selection in a 2 × 2 orthogonal design, and propagated our lines for 35 generations. In half of the lines, we induced a host shift whereas the other half was kept on the ancestral host. We experimentally enforced monogamy in half of the lines, whereas the other half remained polygamous. The beetles rapidly adapted to the novel host, which primarily involved increased host acceptance by females and an accelerated rate of larval development. We also found that our mating system treatment affected the rate of adaptation, but that this effect was contingent upon food type. As beetles adapted to the novel host, sexual selection reinforced natural selection whereas populations residing close to their adaptive peak (i.e., those using their ancestral host) exhibited higher fitness in the absence of sexual selection. We discuss our findings in light of current sexual selection theory and suggest that the net evolutionary effect of reproductive competition may critically depend on natural selection. Sexual selection may commonly accelerate adaptation under directional natural selection whereas sexual selection, and the associated load brought by sexual conflict, may tend to depress population fitness under stabilizing natural selection.
Voltage dependent demand response with dynamic hysteresis thresholds in DC microgrids

DC renewable energy sources and dc loads are gaining attraction and they are preferably connected in dc microgrids. To increase the availability of dc microgrids, voltage dependent demand response should be used to switch off low priority loads in case of insufficient supply. This is possible even without communication with the loads. In this paper it is shown that using a voltage hysteresis with fixed thresholds to switch loads on and off, does not provide a general solution and oscillations can occur in specific cases. Dynamic hysteresis thresholds are introduced as a mean for devices to autonomously learn the present behavior of the grid to which they are connected.
A common ancestry for BAP1 and Uch37 regulators

SUMMARY To reveal how the polycomb repressive-deubiquitinase (PR-DUB) complex controls substrate selection specificity, we undertook a detailed computational sequence analysis of its components: additional sex combs like 1 (ASXL1) and BRCA1-associated protein 1 (BAP1) proteins. This led to the discovery of two previously unrecognized domains in ASXL1: a forkhead (winged-helix) DNA-binding domain and a deubiquitinase adaptor domain shared with two regulators of ubiquitin carboxyl-terminal hydrolase 37 (Uch37), namely adhesion regulating molecule 1 (ADRM1) and nuclear factor related to kappaB (NFRKB). Our analysis demonstrates a common ancestry for BAP1 and Uch37 regulators in PR-DUB, INO80 chromatin remodelling and proteosome complexes. CONTACT luis.sanchezpulido@dpag.ox. ac.uk SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
Electron beam induced etching of carbon nanotubes enhanced by secondary electrons in oxygen

Multi-walled carbon nanotubes (CNTs) are subjected to electron-beam-induced etching (EBIE) in oxygen. The EBIE process is observed in situ by environmental transmission electron microscopy. The partial pressure of oxygen (10 and 100 Pa), energy of the primary electrons (80 and 200 keV), and environment of the CNTs (suspended or supported on a silicon nitride membrane) are investigated as factors affecting the etching rate. The EBIE rate of CNTs was markedly promoted by the effects of secondary electrons that were emitted from a silicon nitride membrane under irradiation by primary electrons. Membrane supported CNTs can be cut by EBIE with a spatial accuracy better than 3 nm, and a nanogap of 2 nm can be successfully achieved between the ends of two suspended CNTs.
Effect of Urinary Protein C Inhibitor on Lipopolysaccharide-induced Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation in Rats

Summary The effect of urinary protein C inhibitor (uPCI) on disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) was investigated using an experimental DIC in rats. uPCI (0.5 and 1.0 mg/kg) was continuously administrated into the left femoral vein of the rats with lipopolysaccharide (50 mg/kg)-induced DIC. In all doses, uPCI significantly prevented the drastic changes in the parameters such as fibrinogen concentration, activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT), prothrombin time (PT), fibrin/fibrinogen degradation products (FDP) level, aspartate aminotransferase (AST) level and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) level. Furthermore, uPCI significantly inhibited the increase in the levels of plasma kallikrein and thrombin which act not only as the procoagulant proteases but also as the chemotactic factors to neutrophils and monocytes. These results show that uPCI may prevent hypercoagulation, the induction of secondary fibrinolysis and organ failure in the DIC model. Therefore, uPCI may be a useful agent for the clinical treatment of DIC.
Mortality rates among prevalent hemodialysis patients in Beijing: a comparison with USRDS data.

BACKGROUND The raw annual mortality rate reported in Chinese patients on maintenance hemodialysis (MHD) was around 10% between 2005 to 2010, and it was around 20% in the US as reported by the United States Renal Data System (USRDS). Our hypothesis was that the large survival difference was caused by differences in race and practice pattern between nations in addition to differences in patient characteristics. METHODS Annual mortality in Beijing prevalent MHD patients per year in 2007, 2008, 2009 and 2010 was reported and relative risks of death were compared with the corresponding mortality of USRDS prevalent MHD patients (in whites, African-Americans and Asian-Americans) after age, gender and primary cause of end-stage renal disease (ESRD) were adjusted. A total of 11 675 MHD patients from 104 dialysis facilities under control of Beijing Blood Purification Quality Control and Improvement Center (BJBPQCIC) from 31 December 2006 to 31 December 2010 were included. A total of 1 937 819 MHD patients (only white, African-American and Asian-American were eligible for inclusion) were subtracted from the USRDS No-60-Day prevalent dataset from the year 2004 to 2009, using the RenDER system. Raw annual mortality for each race was reported as a number per 1000 MHD patients at risk for each year. Age, gender and primary cause of ESRD, adjusted annual mortality and relative risk race of death were reported comparing the Beijing patients and each race of the USRDS. RESULTS The raw annual mortality for the Beijing cohort increased gradually from 47.8 per 1000 patient-years in 2007 to 76.8 in 2010. The raw annual mortality for the white cohort in 2007 was 250.7 per 1000 patient-years, and gradually decreased to 236.3 in 2009. The raw annual mortality for African-Americans (167.8 and 156.7 per 1000 patient-years in 2007 and 2009, respectively) was much lower than that for whites. The annual mortality for Asian-Americans was slightly lower than that for African-Americans. After adjustment, Beijing MHD still had a survival benefit compared with each of the examined USRDS race. The annual mortality rates were 99.4, 80.6 and 94.3 per 1000 patient-years when adjusted to whites, African-Americans and Asian-Americans, respectively, in cohort 2009. CONCLUSIONS The annual mortality for the Beijing MHD patients was lower than that for their USRDS counterparts, and this difference existed after baseline demographics were adjusted. This survival difference between the Beijing and the USRDS MHD cohorts could be attributed to differences in race or practice pattern. More studies are needed to validate our hypothesis.
Estimate of net calcium fluxes and sarcoplasmic reticulum calcium content during systole in rat ventricular myocytes.

1. The experiments were performed on voltage‐clamped cells in which intracellular calcium concentration ([Ca2+]i) was measured with the fluorescent indicator indo‐1 (acetoxymethyl ester (AM) loading). When cells were stimulated with a short (100 ms) depolarizing pulse, following a rest, the magnitude of the first systolic calcium transient was greater than that in the steady state (rest potentiation) and decayed to its steady level over a few stimuli. If a longer pulse (800 ms) was used then the systolic calcium transient was either unaffected or increased in magnitude following a rest. During constant stimulation, if the length of the pulse is decreased, then the magnitude of the calcium transient decreased reversibly over several beats. 2. The calcium entry into the cell was measured from the integral of the inward calcium current and the efflux from the Na(+)‐Ca2+ exchange current on repolarization. During the negative staircase the calcium current was approximately constant whilst the Na(+)‐Ca2+ exchange current decayed in parallel with the systolic calcium transient. A net loss of calcium from the cell can be calculated from the extra Na(+)‐Ca2+ exchange current following the initial pulses. 3. The application of caffeine produces a transient increase of both [Ca2+]i and an inward Na(+)‐Ca2+ exchange current. The integral of this current can be used to estimate the caffeine‐releasable calcium content of the sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR), which decreases following stimulation with short compared to long pulses. This difference in SR calcium content is quantitatively similar to that estimated from the sarcolemmal currents. 4. At a given membrane potential, the relationship between [Ca2+]i and current during the caffeine exposure can be used to estimate the Na(+)‐Ca2+ exchange flux from the measured [Ca2+]i and thence the Na(+)‐Ca2+ exchange flux during depolarization. 5. For a long depolarizing pulse the extrusion of calcium from the cell on Na(+)‐Ca2+ exchange is comparable to the entry on the calcium current. In contrast, for short pulses the extrusion of calcium on the Na(+)‐Ca2+ exchange immediately after the pulse is greater than the entry during the pulse on the calcium current. 6. These results show that rest potentiation can be correlated with changes in the amount of calcium stored in the SR and this, in turn, can be accounted for by sarcolemmal fluxes.
Progesterone Directly and Indirectly Affects Perforin Expression in Cytolytic Cells

Laskarin G, Faust Zs, Štrbo N, SotoŠek V, Szekeres‐Bartho J, Podack ER, Rukavina D. Progesterone directly and indirectly affects perforin expression in cytolytic cells. AJRI 1999; 42:312–320 © Munksgaard, Copenhagen
Pathogenesis and Individualized Treatment for Postural Tachycardia Syndrome in Children

Objective:Postural tachycardia syndrome (POTS) is one of the major causes of orthostatic intolerance in children. We systematically reviewed the pathogenesis and the progress of individualized treatment for POTS in children. Data Sources:The data analyzed in this review are mainly from articles included in PubMed and EMBASE. Study Selection:The original articles and critical reviews about POTS were selected for this review. Results:Studies have shown that POTS might be related to several factors including hypovolemia, high catecholamine status, abnormal local vascular tension, and decreased skeletal muscle pump activity. In addition to exercise training, the first-line treatments mainly include oral rehydration salts, beta-adrenoreceptor blockers, and alpha-adrenoreceptor agonists. However, reports about the effectiveness of various treatments are diverse. By analyzing the patient's physiological indexes and biomarkers before the treatment, the efficacy of medication could be well predicted. Conclusions:The pathogenesis of POTS is multifactorial, including hypovolemia, abnormal catecholamine state, and vascular dysfunction. Biomarker-directed individualized treatment is an important strategy for the management of POTS children.
Information Poverty or Overload?

Although the issue of the divide separating the information rich from the information poor tends to be thought of in terms of the distinction between developed and developing countries, there exists a comparable dichotomy within developed countries separating those with easy access to an abundance of information and those with little or no access. However, the enormous efforts being made to find solutions to this problem in the UK, at various levels of local and national government and particularly in the field of citizenship information, is tending to make available more information than citizens can easily assimilate. The serious nature of this information overload problem has led to the coining of the term ”information fatigue syndrome” (IFS), said to cause paralysis of the analytical capacity, constant searches for more information, increased anxiety and sleeplessness and self-doubt in decision making. It is concluded that those suffering from information overload or IFS are at risk of suffering the same fate as the information poor. The information poor are unable to take action because they do not have necessary information that would enable them to take control. The information rich are similarly paralyzed because of their inability to create order from all the information washing over them. It may be necessary to think in terms of the information rich, the information poor and information burdened.
Analysis of the costs and quality of cardiovascular care in oncological monitoring.

Objective: To analyze the health care costs specifically related to cardiovascular diseases, which were spent by patients of a private healthcare provider in southern Brazil, after their diagnosis of cancer. Method: We developed an observational, cross-sectional, retrospective study, with a qualitative-quantitative strategy, through the activity of analytical internal audit of medical accounts. Results: 860 accounts from 2012 to 2015 were analyzed, 73% referred to female users, with average age of 62.38 years, and a total direct cost of BRL 241,103.72. There was prevalence of 37% of breast cancer, 15% of prostate cancer and 9% of colon cancer. In relation to the cardiovascular care, 44% were consultations, 44% were complementary exams, 10% were emergency care, and 3% were hospitalizations. Regarding the health care costs with cardiovascular services, higher costs were in hospitalizations (51%), followed by complementary exams (37%), consultations (8%) and emergency care (4%). Conclusion: The cancer survivors commonly use health care in other specialties such as cardiology, and the main cost refers to hospitalization. It is recommended to invest in prevention (consultation and complementary exam) as well as in programs of chronic disease management to reduce costs and improve the quality of health care.
Corrections And Clarifications

Figure 1, parts A and C (p. 1349), of the Research Article "Calcium-calmodulin modula- tion of the olfactory cyclic nucleotide-gated cation channel" by Mingyao Liu et al. (25 Nov., p. 1348) were incorrectly printed. The correct figures appear below. On page 1351 of the same article, in line 25 of the first column of text, "GMP" should have been "AMP. " In the second line of the text on page 1352, the first "(C.Ln)o" should have been "(C.Ln)c. "