Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Leukemic pleural infiltrates during bone marrow remission of acute myelocytic leukemia

A 67‐year‐old woman with acute myelocytic leukemia had recurrent massive pleural effusion while her bone marrow was in remission. Wright's stain of the smear obtained from the pleural fluid sediment revealed numerous blasts similar to those seen in the initial bone marrow. This observation documents the ability of pleural infiltrates to act as a sanctuary of leukemic cells and a possible source of relapse of systemic disease.
Protein Kinase C: An Attractive Target for Cancer Therapy

Apoptosis plays an important role during all stages of carcinogenesis and the development of chemoresistance in tumor cells may be due to their selective defects in the intracellular signaling proteins, central to apoptotic pathways. Consequently, many studies have focused on rendering the chemotherapy more effective in order to prevent chemoresistance and pre-clinical and clinical data has suggested that protein kinase C (PKC) may represent an attractive target for cancer therapy. Therefore, a complete understanding of how PKC regulates apoptosis and chemoresistance may lead to obtaining a PKC-based therapy that is able to reduce drug dosages and to prevent the development of chemoresistance.
Medication Errors in United States Hospitals

This study evaluated hospital demographics, staffing, pharmacy variables, health care outcomes measures (severity of illness‐adjusted mortality rates, drug costs, total cost of care, and length of stay) and medication errors. A database was constructed from the 1992 American Hospital Association's Abridged Guide to the Health Care Field, the 1992 National Clinical Pharmacy Services database, and 1992 mortality data from the Health Care Financing Administration. Simple statistical tests and a severity of illness‐adjusted multiple regression analysis were employed. The study population consisted of 1116 hospitals that reported information on medication errors and 913 hospitals that reported information on medication errors that adversely affected patient care outcomes. We evaluated factors associated with the 430,586 medication errors and 17,338 medication errors that adversely affected patient care outcomes. Medication errors occurred in 5.07% of the patients admitted each year to these hospitals. Each hospital experienced a medication error every 22.7 hours (every 19.73 admissions). Medication errors that adversely affected patient care outcomes occurred in 0.25% of all patients admitted to these hospitals/year. Each hospital experienced a medication error that adversely affected patient care outcomes every 19.23 days (or every 401 admissions). The following factors were associated with increased medication errors/occupied bed/year: lack of pharmacy teaching affiliation (slope = 0.8875, p=0.0416), centralized pharmacists (slope = 1.0942, p = 0.0001), number of registered nurses/occupied bed (slope = 1.624, p=0.032), number of registered pharmacists/occupied bed (slope = 25.0573, p=0.0001), hospital mortality rate (slope = 2.8017, p=0.0192), and total cost of care/occupied bed/year (slope = 0.01432, p=0.0091). Factors associated with decreased medication errors were location in the Mid‐Atlantic census region (slope = −1.5182, p=0.03), affiliation with a pharmacy teaching program (slope = −1.0252, p=0.0349), decentralized pharmacists (slope = −0.9843, p=0.0037), and number of medical residents/occupied bed (slope = −1.478, p=0.0014). There was a 45% decrease in medication errors (1.81‐fold decrease) in hospitals that had decentralized pharmacists, compared with hospitals that had centralized pharmacists. In addition, there was a 94% decrease in medication errors that adversely affected patient care outcomes (16.88‐fold decrease) in hospitals that had decentralized pharmacists compared with hospitals that had only centralized pharmacists. Based on previous field studies and our findings in 1116 hospitals, it appears that one of the most effective ways to prevent or reduce medication errors is to decentralize pharmacists to patient care areas. The results of this study should help hospitals reduce the number of medication errors that occur each year.
Energy-Efficient Many-Objective Virtual Machine Placement Optimization in a Cloud Computing Environment

Cloud data centres are faced with the serious problem of increasing energy consumption. Thus, the problem of virtual machine placement for energy saving is becoming a critical issue. Considering various requirements of cloud providers and users, a many-objective virtual machine placement model is built to minimize energy consumption and maximize load balance, resource utilization, and robustness. An energy-efficient KnEA (EEKnEA) algorithm is proposed to address this problem. EEKnEA is improved by proposing an energy-efficient-oriented population initialization strategy based on the knee point-driven evolutionary algorithm (KnEA), which is a high-performance algorithm for many-objective problems. The proposed model and performance of EEKnEA are evaluated in comparison to KnEA and other algorithms. Experimental results show that the proposed model is reasonable, and the EEKnEA algorithm outperforms its counterparts on this type of problem in terms of energy saving, load balance, and robustness.
Children’s Advertising Exposure, Advertised Product Desire, and Materialism

Previous studies have suggested that advertising exposure affects materialism among youth. However, this causal effect has not been investigated among children in middle childhood, who are in the midst of consumer development. Furthermore, the mechanism underlying this relation has not been studied. To fill these lacunae, this study focused on the longitudinal relation between children’s television advertising exposure and materialism. We investigated advertised product desire as a mediating variable. A sample of 466 Dutch children (ages 8-11) was surveyed twice within a 12-month interval. The results show that advertising exposure had a positive longitudinal effect on materialism. This effect was fully mediated by children’s increased desire for advertised products.
Splicing of a human endogenous retrovirus to a novel phospholipase A2 related gene

As part of an investigation into the effects of endogenous retroviruses on adjacent genes, we have isolated a cDNA clone derived from the human teratocarcinoma cell line NTera2D1 representing a chimeric transcript in which an endogenous retrovirus-like element, RTVL-H, has been spliced to downstream cellular sequences. The 5' terminus of this clone, termed AF-5, occurs one bp downstream of the predicted transcriptional start site in the RTVL-H long terminal repeat (LTR). AF-5 contains an open reading frame of 689 amino acids beginning within RTVL-H sequences that has two domains of homology with phospholipase A2 (PLA2). These domains, of approximately 120 amino acids each, are 30-38% identical to secreted PLA2s and contain sequence features of both group I and II enzymes. The corresponding AF-5 transcript is 2.5 kb and is derived from a single copy novel gene termed PLA2L. Southern analysis indicates that the RTVL-H element is normally present in human DNA upstream of the PLA2L gene. RTVL-H/PLA2L chimeric transcripts were detected in two independent teratocarcinoma cell lines but not in several other cell lines or primary human tissues. Characterization of additional cDNA clones and PCR analysis indicates that multiple RTVL-H/PLA2L alternatively spliced transcripts are expressed. No evidence has been found for transcription from a non-LTR promoter. These findings strongly suggest that the endogenous LTR promotes expression of the human PLA2L gene in teratocarcinoma cells.
Experiences of habit formation: A qualitative study

Habit formation is an important goal for behaviour change interventions because habitual behaviours are elicited automatically and are therefore likely to be maintained. This study documented experiences of habit development in 10 participants enrolled on a weight loss intervention explicitly based on habit-formation principles. Thematic analysis revealed three themes: Strategies used to support initial engagement in a novel behaviour; development of behavioural automaticity; and selecting effective cues to support repeated behaviour. Results showed that behaviour change was initially experienced as cognitively effortful but as automaticity increased, enactment became easier. Habits were typically formed in work-based contexts. Weekends and vacations temporarily disrupted performance due to absence of associated cues, but habits were reinstated on return to work. Implications for theory and practice are discussed.
Greenland Telescope Project

The Greenland Telescope (GLT) Project is a telescope at sub-millimeter wavelengths to achieve high angular resolutions using Very Long Vaseline Interferometry (VLBI), combined with the other sub-millimeter (submm) telescopes in the world. Recently, submm VLBI is getting active in the East Asia region, including Hawaii. This will provide a better network in submm VLBI. The anticipated angular resolution is 20 micro arc seconds at 350 GHz, which enables us to identify a shadow image of a super massive black hole located at the center of galaxy. As the GLT will be located on the top of the ice sheet in Greenland, it will provide a capability to make single dish observations at Tera-Hertz regime. In 2016, the telescope components are shipped to Greenland to reassemble it after retrofitting for the cold environment.
Prevalence of Obesity in a Saudi Obstetric Population

Objective: To estimate the prevalence of obesity and its determinants during the first month of gestation in Saudi women. Methods: Retrospective chart review of measured BMI in Al-Hassa, the largest province in Saudi Arabia, in 2007. Data were collected from records of 791 (72.6% of 1,089) pregnant women registered for prenatal care. Results: Height shows a normal Gaussian distribution, whereas weight is skewed positively (skewness of 0.77). The prevalence of underweight, normal weight, overweight, obesity, and extreme obesity (BMI > 40 kg/m2) were 8.5, 39.3, 23.6, 23.9, and 4.7%, respectively. Logistic regression revealed that the most important significant independent predictors of obesity are parity of 4 and more (odds ratio (OR) = 5.8) and urban residence (OR = 4.9). Conclusion: Overweight, obesity, and extreme obesity are common (>52%) among pregnant women in Saudi Arabia. Health education to control body weight before pregnancy is warranted.
A Compilation of Singlet Oxygen Yields from Biologically Relevant Molecules

Singlet molecular oxygen, 02(’Ag) , has been intensively investigated over the last few decades, primarily in relation to photosensitization reactions. In combination with the increasing awareness and interest in singlet oxygen has been the development of various methodologies for the detection and quantification of singlet oxygen production. A large body of literature now exists concerning the singlet oxygengenerating abilities of a large variety of endogenous and exogenous compounds that can be photoactivated in the UV and visible regions of the electromagnetic spectrum. The purpose of this review was to compile data from many different sources to provide a convenient resource for biological scientists with interest in this area. This compilation is essentially an updated subset of the excellent comprehensive review on singlet oxygen yields by Wilkinson et af. (l), which, unlike this compilation, was not limited to biological molecules. The data are current up to the early months of 1999. The following tables include various related parameters in addition to the central parameter of the quantum yield of singlet oxygen generation (QA) for a given photosensitizer. The methodology or technique used to measure the QA value for each entry is given and ranges from direct detection of the luminescence produced on relaxation of singlet oxygen (time-resolved [TRILIT or steady-state [SSIL]), calorimetric
The architecture of cancellous bone in the hindlimb of moa (Aves: Dinornithiformes), with implications for stance and gait

Bishop, P.J., Scofield, R.P. & Hocknull, S.A. 6 May 2019. The architecture of cancellous bone in the hindlimb of moa (Aves: Dinornithiformes), with implications for stance and gait. The architecture of cancellous bone in the hindlimb of moa (Aves: Dinornithiformes), with implications for stance and gait. Alcheringa XXX, X–X. ISSN 0311-5518.0311-5518. P.J. Bishop* [pbishop@rvc.ac. uk], Structure and Motion Laboratory, Department of Comparative Biomedical Sciences, Royal Veterinary College, Hawkshead Lane, Hatfield AL9 7TA, UK; R.P. Scofield† [pscofield@canterburymuseum.com], Canterbury Museum, Rolleston Avenue, Christchurch 8013, New Zealand; S.A. Hocknull‡ [scott.hocknull@qm.qld. gov.au], Geosciences Program, Queensland Museum, 122 Gerler Road, Hendra, Queensland 4011, Australia. *Also affiliated with: Geosciences Program, Queensland Museum, 122 Gerler Road, Hendra, Queensland 4011, Australia. †Also affiliated with: Department of Geological Sciences, University of Canterbury, Christchurch 8140, New Zealand. ‡Also affiliated with: School of Biosciences, University of Melbourne, Royal Parade, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia. The extinct, flightless moa of New Zealand included some of the largest birds to have existed and possessed many distinguishing pelvic and hindlimb osteological features. These features may have influenced stance and gait in moa compared with extant birds. One means of assessing locomotor biomechanics, particularly for extinct species, is quantitative analysis of the architecture of cancellous bone, since this architecture is adapted to suit its mechanical environment with high sensitivity. This study investigated the three-dimensional architecture of cancellous bone in the femur, tibiotarsus and fibula of three moa species: Dinornis robustus, Pachyornis elephantopus and Megalapteryx didinus. Using computed tomographic X-ray scanning and previously developed fabric analysis techniques, the spatial variation in cancellous bone fabric patterns in moa was found to be largely comparable with that previously reported for extant birds, particularly large species. Moa hence likely used postures and kinematics similar to those employed by large extant bird species, but this interpretation is tentative on account of relatively small sample sizes. A point of major difference between moa and extant birds concerns the diaphyses; cancellous bone invades the medullary cavity in both groups, but the invasion is far more extensive in moa. Combined with previous assessments of cortical geometry, this further paints a picture of at least some moa species possessing very robust limb bones, for which a convincing explanation remains to be determined
2 How Much of AdS / CFT Can We Prove ?

My research interests are focused on deepening our understanding of strongly coupled quantum field theories. I am interested in quantum field theories with either additional conformal symmetry or supersymmetry. Theories with additional symmetry provide an ideal “toy-model” for applications to particle physics and condensed matter. However, much remains to be understood, even for theories with both supersymmetry and conformal symmetry. I seek general tools that enable us to study broad families of superconformal field theories. String theory offers several tools to study quantum field theories. Among the most important tools are weak-strong dualities that relate strongly coupled field theories to weakly coupled field theories. An important example is gauge-gravity duality. Polchinski conjectures that “any CFT that has a large-N expansion, and in which all single-trace operators of spin greater than two have parametrically large dimensions, has a local bulk dual” [1]. My current focus has been on N = 1 superconformal field theories, which are an excellent starting point for proving Polchinski’s conjecture.
Least Square Variational Bayesian Autoencoder with Regularization

In recent years Variation Autoencoders have become one of the most popular unsupervised learning of complicated distributions.Variational Autoencoder (VAE) provides more efficient reconstructive performance over a traditional autoencoder. Variational auto enocders make better approximaiton than MCMC. The VAE defines a generative process in terms of ancestral sampling through a cascade of hidden stochastic layers. They are a directed graphic models. Variational autoencoder is trained to maximise the variational lower bound. Here we are trying maximise the likelihood and also at the same time we are trying to make a good approximation of the data. Its basically trading of the data log-likelihood and the KL divergence from the true posterior. This paper describes the scenario in which we wish to find a point-estimate to the parameters $\theta$ of some parametric model in which we generate each observations by first sampling a local latent variable and then sampling the associated observation. Here we use least square loss function with regularization in the the reconstruction of the image, the least square loss function was found to give better reconstructed images and had a faster training time.
Examining Personal Information Privacy-Protective Responses (IPPR) with the Use of Smart Devices

Increasingly, smart devices (such as smart phone, iPod/mp3, or tablet) have become an essential part of daily life and work of individuals. Various applications are being developed and made available to the users based on their needs. However, many applications when downloaded and installed on a phone are used as a medium for tracking users’ personal data and behavior by companies. This research in progress examines whether users are aware of the privacy issues associated with their download and use of smart devices’ apps and how that knowledge would influence their future privacy preserving behavior. The study was conducted by surveying smart device users and analyzing their responses across three categories as antecedents of users’ privacy-protective responses: whether the users are concerned about privacy and big data gathered while they are downloading an application, subjective norms, and perceived usefulness.
Comparing bibliometric country-by-country rankings derived from the Web of Science and Scopus: the effect of poorly cited journals in oncology

This article addresses the robustness of country-by-country rankings according to the number of published articles and their average citation impact in the field oncology. It compares rankings based on bibliometric indicators derived from the Web of Science (WoS) with those calculated from Scopus. It is found that the oncological journals in Scopus not covered by WoS tend to be nationally oriented journals, i.e. they mainly serve a national research community, and play as of yet a more peripheral role in the international journal communication system. In expanding the set of WoS journals with Scopus journals not indexed for WoS, the countries that profit most in terms of percentage of published documents tend to show a decline in their average citation rate. This paradoxical finding is further explained by mathematical—statistical considerations, and interpreted as a short term effect. The paper discusses its implications for the construction of bibliometric indicators.
Serological Evidence of USUTU Virus Occurrence in North‐Eastern Italy

In the recent years, USUTU virus (USUV), a flavivirus of the Japanese encephalitis virus complex, has been reported in Central Europe. As part of a systematic surveillance programme to monitor possible entrance and/or circulation of vector‐borne viruses, since 2001, sentinel‐chicken flocks were placed throughout the Italian territory nearby areas considered at risk of virus introduction. They have been periodically checked for the presence of antibodies against flaviviruses by indirect ELISA, plaque reduction neutralization test for USUTU, West Nile and tick‐borne encephalitis viruses. In July 2007, a sentinel chicken in a flock of 20 animals located within the Ravenna province seroconverted to USUV reaching neutralizing titres up to 1 : 5120. A second chicken seroconverted to the same virus 2 months later. Although no virus was rescued from these animals and from wild or farm birds sampled in the area, these results still provided evidence of the circulation of USUV in north‐eastern Italy.
R-Barrier: Rapid Barrier for Software RAID Cache Using Hints from Journaling Filesystem

While adopting cache in software RAID brings performance benefit, it can cause data loss at power failure which results in the broken filesystem consistency. Though I/O Barrier can be used to remove the consistency issue, it sacrifices the write performance of software RAID. To mitigate this tradeoff, we suggest R-Barrier for software RAID. The basic idea of R-Barrier is to avoid the synchronization of the entire cache space. Instead, based on given hints from the filesystem layer, R-Barrier makes software RAID cache select one of the following methods when the cache writes a certain write request into the disk: (1)Strictly ordered destaging for the write requests affecting the filesystem consistency, (2)Reordered destaging for the rest of write requests. We show that R-Barrier guarantees same filesystem consistency with I/O Barrier while the performance degradation of R-Barrier is less than that of I/O Barrier.
Microbiome-Metabolomics Analysis Investigating the Impacts of Dietary Starch Types on the Composition and Metabolism of Colonic Microbiota in Finishing Pigs

The present study used a combination of 16S rRNA MiSeq sequencing strategy and gas chromatograph time of flight mass spectrometer (GC-TOF/MS) technique to investigate the effects of starch sources on the colonic microbiota and their metabolites in finishing pigs. A total of 72 crossbred barrows were allocated to three different experimental diets with eight replicates and three pigs per replicate. The diet types included tapioca starch (TS), corn starch (CS), and pea starch (PS) (amylose/amylopectin were 0.11, 0.25, and 0.44, respectively). Results showed that the PS diet markedly increased (adjusted P < 0.05) the abundance of short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) and lactate producers, such as Lactobacillus, Prevotella, Faecalibacterium, and Megasphaera, while decreased (adjusted P < 0.05) the abundance of Escherichia coli when compared with the TS diet. The metabolomic and biochemistry analyses demonstrated that the PS diet increased (adjusted P < 0.05) the concentrations of organic acids (acetate, propionate, butyrate, valerate, and lactate) and some macronutrients (sugars and long-chain fatty acids), and decreased (adjusted P < 0.05) the amino acids and their derivatives (leucine, glycine, putrescine, cadaverine, skatole, indole, and phenol) when compared with the TS diet. Additionally, Spearman’s correlation analysis revealed that the changes in the colonic metabolites were associated with changes in the microbial composition. Correlatively, these findings demonstrated that the different dietary starch types treatment significantly altered the intestinal microbiota and metabolite profiles of the pigs, and dietary with higher amylose may offer potential benefits for gut health.
Minimal tail-biting trellises: the Golay code and more

A 16-state tail-biting trellis for the binary (24,12,8) Golay code C/sub 24/ is exhibited. This tail-biting trellis is minimal. It has many other nice properties, and may be simpler to decode than the minimal conventional trellis for C/sub 24/. Unwrapping this tail-biting trellis produces a periodically-time-varying 16-state rate- 1/2 convolutional code. This "Golay convolutional code" is the first known example of a self-dual doubly-even binary linear convolutional code. It has greater minimum distance than any 16-state time-invariant convolutional code of rate 1/2 . Demonstrably minimal tail-biting trellises are given for several other binary and nonbinary self-dual codes. For some nonbinary codes, tail-biting trellises based on code generators over a group are simpler than any tail-biting trellis based on linear generators over a field.