Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The number and distribution of hepatic natural killer cells (pit cells) in normal rat liver: An immunohistochemical study

Pit cells are a unique population of cells in sinusoids and peripheral blood, which can be considered natural killer (NK) cells with large granular lymphocyte (LGL) morphology. The aim of this study was to investigate the use of the monoclonal antibody (MAb) 3.2. 3 as a specific marker of rat pit cells to detect their number and distribution in the liver. The number of 3.2. 3‐positive cells was comparable to the number of LGL in liver low‐density (LD) and high‐density (HD) pit cell fractions and in blood lymphocytes (P > 0.05). Immunoelectron microscopy showed that nearly all LGL in hepatic LD and HD and in blood fractions were 3.2. 3 positive. Using MAb 3.2. 3 immunoperoxidase staining, the mean number of pit cells in liver frozen sections was determined to be 13.7 ± 1.1/mm2. The number of pit cells was similar in the different liver lobes (P > 0.05). Reduced nicotinamide‐adenine dinucleotide (NADH) oxidase histochemical staining, to visualize a portal to central vein gradient, combined with immunostaining was used to analyze the lobular distribution of pit cells. We found that 61.3% (17.1/mm2) of pit cells were in the periportal area and 38.7% (10.8/mm2) in the central area. We conclude that MAb 3.2. 3 can be used as a specific marker of rat pit cells and therefore can be used to quantify rat pit cell number in various experimental models.
The Technical Signal Based Trading Effects on Volatility

This paper examines the technical signal based trading impact on volatility. We show that technical chart patterns, occurring within the euro/dollar currency market, attract the attention of two categories of technical traders. Technical chart patterns provide signals that trigger an increase in both volatility and market activity. The technical signals take place at the end of the chart completion creating heterogeneity within the market participants.
Hospitals and Children: A Parent's Eye View

Parent's Eye View. Edited by James Robertson. y^ollancz. 18s. ). The Editor points out that letters do not form a random sample of those which were received as a result of his articles and broadcasting, but he has made an attempt to cover the whole country in the correspondence quoting 246 letters and 185 hospitals. The range of condition and illnesses is wide, and, he states, reasonably representative, but he also states that this is true of the length of stay. In fact in the table quoted 80% of the children stayed 14 days or less and 57% less than ? ne week. The emotional effect of a compilation of this sort is rather difficult to assess. One feels that possibly it may irritate the converted, and raise antagonism in those who do not see the point. It is also rather difficult to know to whom this book ls directed, and your reviewer was left with the feeling that a careful study of the psychooatholocv of letter writers of this sort might prove fruitful.
Modelação da qualidade da água numa rede de distribuição : estudo do comportamento do cloro e da formação de trihalometanos

v 1. Introducao 1 2. Qualidade da agua nos Sistemas de Distribuicao 17 2.1. EVOLUCAO DA QUALIDADE DA AGUA NOS SISTEMAS DE DISTRIBUICAO 19 2.2. DECAIMENTO DO CLORO 22 2.2.1. DECAIMENTO DO CLORO NO SEIO DO MEIO AQUOSO 24 2.2.2. DECAIMENTO DO CLORO DEVIDO A INTERACCAO SUPERFICIAL 26 2.2.2.1. INTERACCAO ENTRE A AGUA E O MATERIAL DA TUBAGEM 28 2.2.2.2. INTERACCAO ENTRE A AGUA E O BIOFILME 29 2.3. FORMACAO DOS SUBPRODUTOS DA DESINFECCAO AO LONGO DO SISTEMAS DE DISTRIBUICAO 31 2.4. O EFEITO DO TRATAMENTO NA ESTACAO DE TRATAMENTO DE AGUA 35 3. O problema da saude publica 39 3.1. MICRORGANISMOS PATOGENICOS 41 3.2. DESINFECTANTES RESIDUAIS 43 3.3. SUBPRODUTOS DA DESINFECCAO 44 3.4. RESUMO 45 4. Modelacao do decaimento do cloro residual e formacao de trihalometanos 47 4.1. MODELOS CINETICOS 49 4.2. MODELACAO GLOBAL 52 4.3. MODELOS EM AMBIENTE EPANET2.0 E EPANET-MSX 54 5. Modelacao conjunta de cloro residual e trihalometanos.57 5.1. O MODELO DE CLARK 59 5.2. MODELACAO EM EPANET-MSX 60 6. Comentarios finais e conclusoes 69
Old Enzymes for a New Job (Herbicide Detoxification in Plants)

Higher plants are equipped with a remarkably versatile system that protects them from the potentially phytotoxic actions of xenobiotics, i.e. synthetic chemicals present in the plant's environment. Particularly striking is the natural tolerance of certain plants toward herbicides that profoundly affect closely related species. This phenomenon of herbicide selectivity is widely exploited in agriculture to control competing weeds in a field of crop plants that are tolerant to the particular herbicide. Herbicide selectivity is, in most cases, based primarily on the differential ability of plant species to metabolically detoxify the herbicide (Lamoureux et al., 1991; Cole, 1994). Metabolic herbicide inactivation has been employed in the genetic engineering of crops for herbicide tolerance (Hinchee et al., 1993). Finally, enhanced herbicide detoxification is one of the mechanisms of herbicide resistance, in addition to altered target site susceptibility and yet-unknown mechanisms, that may emerge within formerly susceptible weed species upon continuous use of the same herbicide or herbicide class (Holt et al., 1993). It is well documented that plants are able to metabolize and detoxify herbicides by a variety of enzymatic reactions and with extraordinary diversity among species. Furthermore, recent research has revealed that transporters in the vacuolar membrane mediate the energydependent export of herbicide metabolites into the large central vacuole (Martinoia et al., 1993).
Harmonic Model Based Excitation Enhancement for Low-Bit-Rate Speech Coding

SUMMARY A new excitation enhancement technique based on a har-monic model is proposed in this paper to improve the speech quality oflow-bit-rate speech coders. This technique is employed only in the de-coding process of speech coders and improves high-frequency componentsof excitation. We develop the procedure of harmonic model parametersestimation and harmonic generation and apply the technique to a currentstate-of-art low bit rate speech coder. Experiments on spectrum readingand spectrum distortion measurement show that the proposed excitationenhancement technique improves speech quality. key words: low-bit-rate speech coding, excitation enhancement, postpro-cessing, harmonic model based enhancement 1. Introduction In low-bit-rate speech coding, it is required to further en-hance spectral envelope and excitation for the improvementof speech quality due to the lack of assigned bits to both ofthem. Asoneofthesolutionsforspectralenvelopeenhance-ment, adaptive short-term postﬁlters constructed from thesynthesis ﬁlter [1] have been widely used, which could re-duce the audible distortion by enhancing the spectral peakswhile deemphasizing the spectral valleys. However, forCELP-type speech coders operating below 8kbit/s, enhanc-ing decoded excitation is crucial to decoded speech qual-ity because the decoded excitation is distributed sparsely sothat it often results in harsh quality speech sound. This phe-nomenon can be mitigated by applying a pulse dispersionﬁlter in the analysis stage[2] or in the synthesis stage[3]. Nevertheless, we might still hear distortion in reconstructedspeech because the harmonic structure of the reconstructedspeechisnotaswellorganizedasitisintheoriginalspeech.A harmonic postﬁlteringapproach [4]anda long-term post-ﬁlter[1] were introduced to improve the harmonic structureof the reconstructed speech. However, these approachestendtomodifytheharmonicstructureofallfrequencybandsand thus the harmonic structure in low-frequency compo-nents of the reconstructed speech, which are usually wellmarked in speech coders, could be hurt after postprocess-ing.
Francione, critique de Singer

RÉSUMÉ: Contre une interprétation déconstructiviste de la question de l'animalité, on s'attache à montrer, par une présentation précise des objections adressées à P. Singer par G. Francione, que l'éthique animale « classique » comporte en elle-même les ressources d'une pensée critique extrêmement audacieuse. MOTS-CLÉS: droits de l'animal, conséquentialisme, théorie des droits, propriété, sensibilité. ABSTRACT: It is argued that “mainstream” animal ethics is a critical enterprise by itself, that does not need the so-called “animal studies”. An examination of Francione’s discussion of some main arguments in Singer’s work shows that it offers a critical understanding of the “metaphysical subject”.
Electrospun mupirocin loaded polyurethane fiber mats for anti-infection burn wound dressing application

Abstract Wound care treatment is a serious issue faced by the medical staffs due to its variety and complexity. Wound dressings are typically used to manage the various types of wounds. In this study, polyurethane (PU) fibers containing mupirocin (Mu), a commonly used antibiotic in wound care, were fabricated via electrospinning technique. The aim of this study was to develop biomedical electrospun fiber scaffolds for preventing wound infections with good compatibility and to demonstrate their applications as anti-infective burn wound dressings. The surface morphology of fibers was obtained by scanning electron microscopy. FT-IR spectra, water vapor transmission rate, and drug release study in vitro were tested to demonstrate the fiber scaffold characteristic. The prepared PU/Mu composite scaffolds had satisfactory antibacterial activity especially against Staphylococcus aureus. The cell studies revealed that the scaffolds were biocompatible and safe for cell attachment. Histological and immunohistochemical examinations were performed in rats, and the results indicated the histological analysis of tissue stained with H&E showed no obvious inflammation reaction. The results indicated that the electrospun scaffolds were capable of loading and delivering drugs, and could be potentially used as novel antibacterial burn wound dressings.
Signalment and Blood Types in Cats Being Evaluated as Blood Donors at Two Italian University Blood Banks

Data from potential feline blood donors presented at two university blood banks in Italy were recorded. Blood typing was performed using an immunochromatographic method. Over the three years of the study 357 cats representing 15 breeds, 45.3% female and 54.7% male, with a mean age of 3.8 years were evaluated. Of these 90.5% were blood type A, 5.6% type B, and 3.9% type AB. The majority of the cats (54.6%) were European DSH (92.3% were type A, 5.1% type B, and 2.6% type AB), and 21% were Maine Coon (MCO) cats (100% blood type A). The estimated frequencies of transfusion reactions following an unmatched transfusion between DSH (donors and recipients), MCO (donor and recipients), DSH donors and MCO recipients, and MCO donors and DSH recipients were 4.8%, 0%, 0%, and 5.1% for major reactions and 7.2%, 0%, 7.7%, and 0% for minor transfusions reactions, respectively. In a population of blood donors that includes DSH and MCO the risk of transfusion reaction is between 5% and 8% if typing is not performed on donor and recipient blood. Blood typing should therefore be performed before transfusion to remove the risk of transfusion reactions due to blood type incompatibilities.
Wayfinding difficulties among elders with dementia in an assisted living residence

The concerning phenomena of spatial disorientation and wayfinding difficulties among elders with Alzheimer’s disease or a related dementia in assisted living residences are understudied. This qualitative study aimed to identify the types of wayfinding difficulties as experienced by residents with memory-loss in two special care units of an assisted living residence. The data collection period included participant observation complemented by semi-structured interviews with care staff and managers and review of clinical records. A wide spectrum of wayfinding difficulties was identified as experienced by six residents. The residents experienced difficulties reaching several destinations on the units. The implications of the findings to practice, architectural design, and policy are discussed.
Dímero D: utilidad diagnóstica y aplicación en la clínica

El dimero D es un producto final de la degradacion de un trombo rico en fibrina mediada por la accion secuencial de 3 enzimas: trombina, factor XIIIa y plasmina. Ha emergido como un test rapido y sencillo, con un lugar definido en los algoritmos de exclusion de la enfermedad trombo embolica venosa, en el diagnostico de coagulacion intravascular diseminada y en los ultimos anos con aplicacion en la prediccion de la recidiva de trombosis venosa profunda. El presente articulo hace una revision critica de la literatura a cerca del valor y utilidad clinica de la medicion del dimero D en los pacientes con enfermedad trombo embolica a la luz de la evidencia actual, mostrando como la medicion del dimero D tiene un alto valor predictivo negativo (98–100%) en la enfermedad trombo embolica y es de gran utilidad para determinar la continuidad de la terapia de anticoagulacion en pacientes con un primer evento no provocado de trombosis venosa profunda, su utilidad en otros escenarios esta en estudio.
HIV infection and the risk of diabetes mellitus

Background:The influence of HIV infection on the risk of diabetes is unclear. We determined the association and predictors of prevalent diabetes mellitus in HIV infected and uninfected veterans. Methods:We determined baseline prevalence and risk factors for diabetes between HIV infected and uninfected veterans in the Veterans Aging Cohort Study. Logistic regression was used to determine the odds of diabetes in HIV infected and uninfected persons. Results:We studied 3227 HIV-infected and 3240 HIV-uninfected individuals. HIV-infected individuals were younger, more likely to be black males, have HCV coinfection and a lower BMI. HIV-infected individuals had a lower prevalence of diabetes at baseline (14.9 vs. 21.4%, P < 0.0001). After adjustment for known risk factors, HIV-infected individuals had a lower risk of diabetes (odds ratio = 0.84, 95% confidence interval = 0.72–0.97). Increasing age, male sex, minority race, and BMI were associated with an increased risk. The odds ratio for diabetes associated with increasing age, minority race and BMI were greater among HIV-infected veterans. HCV coinfection and nucleoside and nonnucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor therapy were associated with a higher risk of diabetes in HIV-infected veterans. Conclusion:Although HIV infection itself is not associated with increased risk of diabetes, increasing age; HCV coinfection and BMI have a more profound effect upon the risk of diabetes among HIV-infected persons. Further, long-term ARV treatment also increases risk. Future studies will need to determine whether incidence of diabetes mellitus differs by HIV status.
Pre-bond TSV testing method using Constant Current Source

We propose a novel pre-bond TSV test method that covers most of TSV defects before die stacking. The basic idea is to design a DfT structure to acquire the charging voltages of TSVs-under-test, which reflect the characteristics of the defects. The Constant Current Source (CCS) in the proposed structure can improve measurement accuracy and the combining of single-end test and probe-needle-grounding test makes our method has a better defect coverage with high resolution.
PRONTIDÃO AO CONSUMO DE MARCAS DE LUXO FALSIFICADAS. DOI: 10.15600/1679-5350/rau.v12n2p182-206

A literatura abordando a falsificacao de marcas de luxo examina uma ampla gama de antecedentes da compra como atributos do produto, fatores socio-demograficos e atitudes. Sharma e Chan (2011) desenvolveram uma escala de prontidao ao consumo de falsificacoes ( Counterfeit Proneness - CFP) denominando isto como um traco de personalidade. Contesta-se aqui que este constructo seja um traco de personalidade, mas sim um conjunto de atitudes. O objetivo e verificar as propriedades da escala e se ela esta associada a intencao de compra futura e comportamento passado. A pesquisa quantitativa foi por meio de um levantamento com questionario estruturado aplicado a uma amostra por conveniencia. Uma analise de fatorial com componentes principais e regressao logistica foi conduzida em 453 questionarios completos. O construto de prontidao a compra de produtos falsificados nao se diferenciou dos itens relativos a escala de atitude em relacao a produtos falsificados. Um novo construto constituido por itens das escalas de prontidao e de atitude foi identificado (Atitudes de Prontidao de Compra de Falsificacoes (APCF) e mostrou capacidade preditiva em relacao as compras passadas e, ainda que limitada, a intencao de compra. A equacao proposta pela regressao tem previsao acertada de 57,9% dos casos. Este artigo contribui para o conhecimento acerca de fatores previsores do consumo de produtos falsificados. Palavras-chave: Falsificacao, comportamento do consumidor, marcas de luxo
Intramuscular anti‐D immunoglobulins for home treatment of chronic immune thrombocytopenic purpura

To assess the efficacy of home treatment with intramuscular anti‐D immunoglobulins (anti‐D IgG) in patients with idiopathic or HIV‐related chronic immune thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP), we conducted an open label, non‐controlled, prospective study with a follow‐up of 6 months in 51 consecutive patients with HTV‐related (n= 24) or idiopathic ITP (n= 27). Anti‐D IgG (13 μg/kg) were infused intravenously for three consecutive days (induction therapy). Patients whose platelet counts tailed to increase above 50 × 109/l were given a second course of the same therapy. If their platelet counts remained lower than 50 × 109/l, they were considered non‐responsive. Patients who responded to induction therapy were injected intramuscularly with 6 μg/kg/week anti‐D IgG if platelets were between 50 and 100 × 109/l or 13 μg/kg/week if they dropped to less than 50 × 109/l. After induction therapy, responses occurred in 20/24 HIV‐related chronic ITP patients (83%) and in 14/27 idiopathic chronic ITP patients (52%). During follow‐up, platelets remained above 50 × 109/l in 17/20 HIV‐related chronic ITP patients (85%) and in 8/14 (57%) idiopathic chronic ITP patients. We conclude that anti‐D IgG are a valid therapeutic option for treatment of idiopathic and HIV‐related chronic ITP, since they are safe, cheap and can be given intramuscularly at home.
Inhibition of ionophore‐stimulated leukotriene B4 production in human leucocytes by monohydroxy fatty acids

1 Leukotriene B4 (LTB4) release by calcium ionophore‐stimulated human leucocytes was measured by use of selective solvent partition of reaction mixtures and an agarose microdroplet chemokinesis assay, and the inhibitory effects of four monohydroxy fatty acids were determined. 2 15‐Hydroxy‐eicosatetraenoic acid (15‐HETE) was the most effective inhibitor of LTB4 production with an approximate IC50 value of 6 μM and 99% inhibition at 50 μM, whereas 13‐hydroxyoctadecadienoic acid (13‐HODD) and 12‐HETE were weaker inhibitors with approximate IC50 values of 32 μM and 23 μM, and 59% and 68% inhibition at 50 μM, respectively. 3 We suggest that 13‐HODD and 12‐HETE, which are present in large amounts in the lesions of the skin disease psoriasis, may act as endogenous modulators of 5‐lipoxygenase activity in skin.
Differences in Effects of Isoflurane and Enflurane on Splanchnic Oxygenation and Hepatic Metabolism in the Pig

The effects of end-tidal concentrations of 1.45% isoflurane and 2.12% enflurane on splanchnic blood flow (electromagnetic flow probes), oxygen (O2) extraction and surface PO2 (Clark-type electrode), and hepatic metabolism (organic acids) were compared in an animal model relevant to humans. Eighteen laparotomized, ventilated pigs, anesthetized and paralyzed with ketamine/flunitrazepam and pancuronium, were studied. Enflurane caused significantly (P < 0.05) greater decreases in mean arterial pressure, cardiac output, and superior mesenteric arterial, portal, and total hepatic blood flows. In addition, hepatic arterial blood flow decreased during enflurane administration but increased markedly (40%) during isoflurane administration. However, mean surface PO2 of liver and small intestine decreased to similar degrees (20%) during isoflurane and enflurane. Summary histograms of surface PO2 values were leftward shifted but did not show O2 values in the hypoxic range (0–5 mm Hg). Except for a decrease in hepatic lactate uptake during enflurane, there were no changes in either hepatic uptake or release of organic acids during anesthesia with either agent. These data show that splanchnic O2 supply is better maintained during isoflurane than during enflurane. Although this was not reflected in differences in tissue oxygenation and metabolism, decreased portal and hepatic venous O2 contents during enflurane indicate that an increase in preportal and hepatic oxygen extraction was necessary to preserve tissue oxygenation.
Simulation of CMV-minimized Direct Power Control for Doubly Fed Induction Generators

Nowadays the doubly fed induction machine is often used as generator in high power windenergy systems. Because of the use of two converters in the generator's rotor circuit bearing damages can occurred specially for this type of machine. So the aim is to reduce the common mode voltage as one cause of bearing currents. Instead of a classic space vector modulation this paper presents the simulation of an enhanced direct power control.
Perception of Speech Sounds in School-Aged Children with Speech Sound Disorders

Abstract Children with speech sound disorders may perceive speech differently than children with typical speech development. The nature of these speech differences is reviewed with an emphasis on assessing phoneme-specific perception for speech sounds that are produced in error. Category goodness judgment, or the ability to judge accurate and inaccurate tokens of speech sounds, plays an important role in phonological development. The software Speech Assessment and Interactive Learning System, which has been effectively used to assess preschoolers' ability to perform goodness judgments, is explored for school-aged children with residual speech errors (RSEs). However, data suggest that this particular task may not be sensitive to perceptual differences in school-aged children. The need for the development of clinical tools for assessment of speech perception in school-aged children with RSE is highlighted, and clinical suggestions are provided.