Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Crystal structure of tetrachloro-bis(1,10-phenanthroline)-dimanganese(II), Mn2Cl4(C12H8N2)2

C12H8Cl2MnN2, monoclinic, C1c1 (no. 9), a = 9.864(7) Å, b = 17.87(1)Å, c = 13.41(1)Å, = 106.555(8)°, V = 2265. 8Å, Z = 4, Rgt(F) = 0.065, wRref(F) = 0.141, T = 298 K. Source of material A mixture of MnCl2 · 6H2O (0.468 g, 0.2 mmol), 1,10-phenanthroline (0.396 g, 0.2 mmol) and C2H5OH/H2O (1:1, v/v, 10 ml) (pH= 6)was stirred for 30min in air, then sealed in a 25ml Teflonlined stainless steel container, whichwas heated to 130 °C for 72 h. After cooling to room temperature at a rate of 3 K per hour, colorless plate-like crystalswere obtained (yield 40%based onMn). Discussion The solid-state chemistry of manganese coordination polymers has received growing attention over the past few years, owing to their fascinating network topologies and potential application in the field ofmolecular magnetism and biological redox active system [1-3]. In the crystal title structure, the manganese (II) adopts a distorted trigonal bipyramidal coordination environment defined by two nitrogen atoms from one 1,10-phenanthroline and three chlorine atoms. The N1,Mn1, Cl4 and Cl2 atoms constitute the equatorial plane, and the N2 and Cl1 atoms occupy the apical sites with an angle of 171.5(3)°. The complex has an additional pseudo center of symmetry at ~0.35,~0.18,~0.89. The bond distances for Mn1 polyhedron are between 2.063(9) Å and 2.872(4) Å and for Mn2 between 2.005(8) Å and 2.731(4) Å. The angles are 78.8(4)°  97.2(1)°, 171.5(3)°, 169.7(3)° around Mn1 and 79.2(4)°  102.6(1)°, 162.6(3)°, 168.3(3)° around Mn2. Adjacent manganese ions are joined by two chlorine through two chlorine bridged bone (Mn1Cl4Mn2 and Mn1Cl2Mn2) mode. Furthermore, the [Mn(phen)Cl2] units are linked by stacking interactions of 1,10-phenanthroline molecules to form a 3D supramolecular network. A value of 0.23(5) was obtained for the Flack parameter. Z. Kristallogr. NCS 222 (2007) 57-58 / DOI 10.1524/ncrs.2007. 0021 57 © by Oldenbourg Wissenschaftsverlag, München Crystal: colorless, plate-like, size 0.13 × 0.22 × 0.27 mm Wavelength: Mo K radiation (0.71073 Å) : 16.09 cm−1 Diffractometer, scan mode: Bruker SMART CCD, / 2 max: 50.02° N(hkl)measured, N(hkl)unique: 3948, 2678 Criterion for Iobs, N(hkl)gt: Iobs > 2 (Iobs), 2199 N(param)refined: 307 Programs: SHELXS-97 [4], SHELXL-97 [5] Table 1. Data collection and handling. H(1) 4a 0.8147 0.1531 1.0078 0.062 H(2) 4a 1.0109 0.2243 0.9998 0.072 H(3) 4a 1.0134 0.3510 1.0123 0.059 H(8) 4a 0.4062 0.5111 1.0057 0.052 H(9) 4a 0.2130 0.4327 0.9769 0.051 H(10) 4a 0.2472 0.3067 0.9822 0.051 H(11) 4a 0.8718 0.4717 1.0158 0.058 H(12) 4a 0.6597 0.5244 1.0064 0.056 H(13) 4a −0.1053 0.2054 0.7702 0.070 H(14) 4a −0.3033 0.1315 0.7633 0.058 H(15) 4a −0.3182 0.0069 0.7316 0.061 H(20) 4a 0.3026 −0.1526 0.7451 0.041 H(21) 4a 0.4894 −0.0706 0.7693 0.059 H(22) 4a 0.4695 0.0549 0.7866 0.048 H(23) 4a −0.1695 −0.1153 0.7246 0.055 H(24) 4a 0.0473 −0.1655 0.7350 0.049 Table 2. Atomic coordinates and displacement parameters (in Å). Atom Site x y z Uiso
Plants Developed by New Genetic Modification Techniques—Comparison of Existing Regulatory Frameworks in the EU and Non-EU Countries

The development of new genetic modification techniques (nGMs), also referred to as “new (breeding) techniques” in other sources, has raised worldwide discussions regarding their regulation. Different existing regulatory frameworks for genetically modified organisms (GMO) cover nGMs to varying degrees. Coverage of nGMs depends mostly on the regulatory trigger. In general two different trigger systems can be distinguished, taking into account either the process applied during development or the characteristics of the resulting product. A key question is whether regulatory frameworks either based on process- or product-oriented triggers are more advantageous for the regulation of nGM applications. We analyzed regulatory frameworks for GMO from different countries covering both trigger systems with a focus on their applicability to plants developed by various nGMs. The study is based on a literature analysis and qualitative interviews with regulatory experts and risk assessors of GMO in the respective countries. The applied principles of risk assessment are very similar in all investigated countries independent of the applied trigger for regulation. Even though the regulatory trigger is either process- or product-oriented, both triggers systems show features of the respective other in practice. In addition our analysis shows that both trigger systems have a number of generic advantages and disadvantages, but neither system can be regarded as superior at a general level. More decisive for the regulation of organisms or products, especially nGM applications, are the variable criteria and exceptions used to implement the triggers in the different regulatory frameworks. There are discussions and consultations in some countries about whether changes in legislation are necessary to establish a desired level of regulation of nGMs. We identified five strategies for countries that desire to regulate nGM applications for biosafety–ranging from applying existing biosafety frameworks without further amendments to establishing new stand-alone legislation. Due to varying degrees of nGM regulation, international harmonization will supposedly not be achieved in the near future. In the context of international trade, transparency of the regulatory status of individual nGM products is a crucial issue. We therefore propose to introduce an international public registry listing all biotechnology products commercially used in agriculture.
Climbing Routes Clustering Using Energy-Efficient Accelerometers Attached to the Quickdraws

One of the challenges for climbing gyms is to find out popular routes for the climbers to improve their services and optimally use their infrastructure. This problem must be addressed preserving both the privacy and convenience of the climbers and the costs of the gyms. To this aim, a hardware prototype is developed to collect data using accelerometer sensors attached to a piece of climbing equipment mounted on the wall, called quickdraw, that connects the climbing rope to the bolt anchors. The corresponding sensors are configured to be energy-efficient, hence becoming practical in terms of expenses and time consumption for replacement when used in large quantities in a climbing gym. This paper describes hardware specifications, studies data measured by the sensors in ultra-low power mode, detect patterns in data during climbing different routes, and develops an unsupervised approach for route clustering.
Otimização do HBase para dados estruturados

Resumo Os sistemas NoSQL escalam melhor que os tradicionais sistemas relacionais, motivando a migração de inúmeras aplicações para sistemas NoSQL mesmo quando não se tira partido da estrutura de dados dinâmica por eles fornecida. Porém, a consulta destes dados estruturados tem um custo adicional que deriva da flexibilidade dos sistemas NoSQL. Neste documento, analisa-se esse custo no Apache HBase e apresentase o Prepared Scan, uma operação adicional de consulta que visa tirar partido do conhecimento da estrutura de dados por parte da aplicação, diminuindo assim o custo associado à consulta de dados estruturados. Recorrendo à ferramenta de benchmarking YCSB, verifica-se que esta solução tem um aumento no débito de aproximadamente 29%.
The technology park Berlin-Adlershof as an example of spatial proximity in regional economic policy

Abstract Since the 1990s spatial economic policy increasingly tries to encourage the development of innovative firms especially in selected locations like technology parks. Spatial proximity in these locations should lead to the development of competitive clusters. The technology park Berlin-Adlershof is one example for this new approach of spatial economic policy; today it is - according to the number of employees - one of the largest technology parks in Europe. This paper discusses to what extent spatial economic policy has contributed to the development of an interlinked cluster. First elements of spatial economic policy will be evaluated according to the network and cluster approaches. Then general considerations of cluster development will be confronted with the development path of Berlin-Adlershof. Finally the extent of network formation will be discussed. The economic dynamic in Berlin-Adlershof shows that a proximity-oriented approach of spatial economic policy has been successful. Spatial proximity has encouraged the development of networks between the units, but up to now networks between science and business are not very strong
Contact-Free Simultaneous Sensing of Human Heart Rate and Canine Breathing Rate for Animal Assisted Interactions

Animal Assisted Interventions (AAIs) involve pleasant interactions between humans and animals and can potentially benefit both types of participants. Research in this field may help to uncover universal insights about cross-species bonding, dynamic affect detection, and the influence of environmental factors on dyadic interactions. However, experiments evaluating these outcomes are limited to methodologies that are qualitative, subjective, and cumbersome due to the ergonomic challenges related to attaching sensors to the body. Current approaches in AAIs also face challenges when translating beyond controlled clinical environments or research contexts. These also often neglect the measurements from the animal throughout the interaction. Here, we present our preliminary effort toward a contact-free approach to facilitate AAI assessment via the physiological sensing of humans and canines using consumer-grade cameras. This initial effort focuses on verifying the technological feasibility of remotely sensing the heart rate signal of the human subject and the breathing rate signal of the dog subject while they are interacting. Small amounts of motion such as patting and involuntary body shaking or movement can be tolerated with our custom designed vision-based algorithms. The experimental results show that the physiological measurements obtained by our algorithms were consistent with those provided by the standard reference devices. With further validation and expansion to other physiological parameters, the presented approach offers great promise for many scenarios from the AAI research space to veterinary, surgical, and clinical applications.
A Note on Maximal Operator on 𝐿𝑝(𝑡) (Ω)Spaces

We study the Hardy–Littlewood maximal operator M on Lp(·)(Ω), where Ω ⊂ R is an open bounded domain with a Lipschitz boundary. Under the assumption that the exponent p satisfies 1 < inf p(x) ≤ sup p(x) < ∞ and p ∈ V MO1/| log |(Ω), we prove that M is bounded on Lp(·)(Ω). 2000 Mathematics Subject Classification: 46E30, 42B25, 42B20.
Complexity Classification Transfer for CSPs via Algebraic Products

We study the complexity of infinite-domain constraint satisfaction problems: our basic setting is that a complexity classification for the CSPs of first-order expansions of a structure A can be transferred to a classification of the CSPs of first-order expansions of another structure B. We exploit a product of structures (the algebraic product) that corresponds to the product of the respective polymorphism clones and present a complete complexity classification of the CSP for first-order expansions of the n-fold algebraic power of (Q;<). This is proved by various algebraic and logical methods in combination with knowledge of the polymorphisms of the tractable first-order expansions of (Q;<) and explicit descriptions of the expressible relations in terms of syntactically restricted first-order formulas. By combining our classification result with general classification transfer techniques, we obtain surprisingly strong new classification results for highly relevant formalisms such as Allen’s Interval Algebra, the n-dimensional Block Algebra, and the Cardinal Direction Calculus, even if higher-arity relations are allowed. Our results confirm the infinite-domain tractability conjecture for classes of structures that have been difficult to analyse with older methods. For the special case of structures with binary signatures, the results can be substantially strengthened and tightly connected to Ord-Horn formulas; this solves several longstanding open problems from the AI literature. Manuel Bodirsky has received funding from the ERC under the European Community’s Seventh Framework Programme (Grant Agreement no. 681988, CSP-Infinity). Peter Jonsson is partially supported by the Swedish Research Council (VR) under grants 2017-04112 and 202104371.
Outcome Measures After ACL Injury in Pediatric Patients: A Scoping Review

Background: The incidence of anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injuries in children is increasing. However, no standardized core set of outcome measures exists for evaluating pediatric ACL injuries. Purpose: To perform a scoping review of the literature to identify patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) and objective outcome measures used to evaluate pediatric patients after ACL injury and to classify these in accordance with the International Classification of Functioning, Disability, and Health (ICF) domains. Study Design: Systematic review; Level of evidence, 4. Methods: The literature was systematically searched with the PubMed, EMBASE, CINAHL, and PEDro databases. The inclusion criteria were Danish, Norwegian, Swedish, German, or English language; publication between 2010 and 2018; pediatric ACL injury (patients ≤15 years old); and outcome measures. The selected papers were screened for title, abstract, and full text in accordance with predefined inclusion and exclusion criteria. Results: A total of 68 papers (4286 patients; mean ± SD age, 12.2 ± 2.3 years) were included. Nineteen PROMs and 11 objective outcome measures were identified. The most frequently reported PROMs were the International Knee Documentation Committee (IKDC) Subjective Knee Form (51% of studies), Lysholm scoring scale (46% of studies) and Tegner activity rating scale (37% of studies). Additionally, return to sport was reported in 41% of studies. The most frequent objective measures were knee laxity (76% of studies), growth disturbances (69% of studies), range of motion (41% of studies), and muscle strength (21% of studies). With respect to the ICF domains, the IKDC covered all 3 ICF health domains, the Lysholm score covered the Body Structure and Function and the Activity Limitation domains, while the Tegner score covered the Participation Restriction domain. Objectively measured knee joint laxity, range of motion, and muscle strength covered 1 domain (Body Structure and Function). Conclusion: Pediatric patients with ACL injury were mainly evaluated subjectively with the IKDC and objectively by knee joint laxity. No consensus exists in the evaluation of children after ACL injury. The majority of applied outcome measures are developed for adults. To cover the ICF health domains, future research needs to consider reliable and valid outcome measures relevant for pediatric patients with ACL injury.
Use of Ayurveda in the Treatment of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

Background Ayurveda is an ancient medicine practice that is emerging in the United States as a complementary and alternative treatment for chronic illness. Type 2 diabetes is a chronic illness that has major long-term implications for individuals suffering from the disease as well as the health-care system as a whole. Modifications in diet, exercise, and lifestyle are all important factors in successful treatment of type 2 diabetes and are incorporated into the ancient Indian medicinal practice of Ayurveda. Review Summary: This review summarizes the available evidence for the use of Ayurvedic therapies in the treatment of type 2 diabetes. For the treatment of type 2 diabetes, Ayurvedic practices primarily emphasizes the use of herbal supplements; however, exercise, weight management, and various supplemental procedures are included in Ayurvedic practices. The goal of Ayurvedic practices on the treatment of type 2 diabetes like in Western medicine focuses on bringing the hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) value into a therapeutic range. Where Ayurveda differs is that it looks at the functionality of a person in the context of striking a balance between the life forces or doshas that each individual possesses. Finally, this article includes a case study received from AyurVAID clinic in Bangalore, India that details the specific Ayurvedic intervention used in a patient, bringing his HbA1c from a level of 11.2 to 5.7 over the course of 9 months. Conclusion Patients with type 2 diabetes may inquire about current complementary and alternative therapies available for the treatment of their disease. Awareness of such modalities is necessary for effective patient counseling and care. The benefits of offering a wide array of treatment options include possible reduction of HbA1c and of comorbidities with adjunct use of supplements and mind–body practices.
Clinical Tests Can Be Used to Screen for Second Anterior Cruciate Ligament Injury in Younger Patients Who Return to Sport

Background: Younger athletes have high rates of second anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury. Return-to-sport criteria have been proposed to enable athletes to make a safe return, but they frequently lack validation. It is unclear whether commonly recorded clinical measures can help to identify high-risk athletes. Purpose: To explore the association between commonly recorded clinical outcome measures and second ACL injury in a young, active patient group. Study Design: Cohort study; Level of evidence, 2. Methods: Included in this study were 329 athletes (200 males, 129 females) younger than 20 years at the time of first primary ACL reconstruction surgery who had subsequently returned to sport participation. Clinical examination included range of knee motion (passive flexion and extension deficits), instrumented anterior knee laxity, and single- and triple-crossover hop for distance. Patients also completed the subjective International Knee Documentation Committee form. All measures were collected prospectively at a 12-month postoperative clinical review. Patients were evaluated for a minimum 3 years to determine the incidence of subsequent ACL injury. Results: A total of 95 patients (29%) sustained a second ACL injury following clinical assessment and return to sport. There were 50 graft ruptures and 45 contralateral ACL injuries. Patients with a flexion deficit of 5° had over 2 times the odds of sustaining a graft rupture (odds ratio, 2.3; P < .05), and patients with a side-to-side difference in anterior knee laxity of 3 mm or greater had over 2 times the odds of sustaining a contralateral ACL injury (odds ratio, 2.4; P < .05). Overall, 29% (94 of 329) of patients met the threshold for satisfactory function on all 6 clinical measures; these patients had a 33% reduction in the risk of sustaining a second ACL injury (P = .05) as compared with those who did not meet all clinical thresholds. Conclusion: Clinical measures of knee flexion and stability may have utility to screen for and identify patients who are at greater risk for a second ACL injury in an already high-risk group (ie, age and activity level).
Inhibition and activation of kinases by reaction products: a quick, reporter-free assay.

Kinases are widely distributed in nature and are implicated in many human diseases, thus an understanding of their activity and regulation is of fundamental importance. Several kinases are known to be inhibited by ADP, however thorough investigation of this phenomenon is hampered by the lack of a simple and effective assay for studying this inhibition. We now present a quick, general approach for measuring the effects of reaction products on kinase activity. Based on isothermal titration calorimetry, this is the first universal, reporter-free, continuous assay for probing kinase inhibition or activation by ADP. In applications to an aminoglycoside phosphotransferase (APH(3')-IIIa) and pantothenate kinases from E. coli (EcPanK) and P. aeruginosa (PaPanK), we found ADP to be an efficient inhibitor of all three kinases, with Ki values similar to or lower than the Km values of ATP. Interestingly, ADP was an activator at low concentrations and an inhibitor at high concentrations of EcPanK. This unusual effect was quantitatively modelled, and attributed to cooperative interactions between the two subunits of the dimeric enzyme. Importantly, our results suggest that at typical bacterial intracellular concentrations of ATP and ADP (approx. 1.5 mM and 180 μM respectively), all three kinases are partially inhibited by ADP, allowing enzyme activity to rapidly respond to changes in the levels of both metabolites.
Greater Tumor Thickness, Ulceration, and Positive Sentinel Lymph Node Are Associated With Worse Prognosis in Patients With Conjunctival Melanoma

Supplemental Digital Content is available in the text. Identifying tumor characteristics that correlate with metastasis and survival in patients with conjunctival melanoma can potentially lead to better outcomes through a better selection of patients for adjuvant treatments including potentially life-saving new melanoma therapy. The objective of this study was to validate the conjunctival melanoma staging criteria in the American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC) Cancer Staging Manual (8th edition) and explore the prognostic importance of tumor thickness, histologic ulceration, and sentinel lymph node biopsy (SLNB) findings in patients with conjunctival melanoma. This is a case series of 88 consecutive patients with conjunctival melanoma. Clinicopathologic characteristics were analyzed. Associations between pathologic characteristics and outcomes were studied using Kaplan-Meier survival analysis. Local recurrence, lymph node metastasis, distant metastasis, and disease-specific survival (DSS) were the main outcome measures. The study included 56 women and 32 men; the median age was 62 years. At presentation, 41 patients had T1 disease, 23 had T2 disease, 23 had T3, and 1 had T4 disease. Sixty-six patients had invasive conjunctival melanoma (median thickness, 1.56 mm), 17 had conjunctival melanoma in situ, and in 5 patients, tumor thickness could not be determined. Overall, 22 patients had ulceration. In total, 31 patients underwent SLNB, and 4 had a positive sentinel lymph node (SLN). The median follow-up time was 46.6 months. Overall, 12 patients had nodal metastasis at presentation or during follow-up, 19 patients had distant metastasis at last follow-up, and 14 patients died of the disease. Tumor thickness and ulceration were associated with increased risks of nodal metastasis, distant metastasis, and death from the disease. Overall, greater clinical T category at presentation was associated with increased risks of distant metastasis and disease-related death; however, the risks of distant metastasis and disease-related death did not differ between T1 (bulbar) and T2 (nonbulbar) tumors or between T2c,d (caruncular) and T1-T2a,b (noncaruncular) tumors. In patients who underwent SLNB, a positive SLN was associated with worse distant metastasis free survival and DSS. Consideration should be given to adding ulceration and emphasizing tumor thickness as the main determinants of pathologic T category for conjunctival melanoma in future AJCC classifications. The significant association between a positive SLN and worse DSS highlights the importance of SLNB for prognosis in patients with conjunctival melanoma and selecting high-risk patients for adjuvant drug treatment.