Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Scanning polarization lidar LOSA-M3: opportunity for research of crystalline particle orientation in the ice clouds

Abstract. The article describes a scanning polarization lidar, LOSA-M3, developed at the V. E. Zuev Institute of Atmospheric Optics, the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences (IAO SB RAS), as part of the common use center “Atmosphere”. The first results of studying the crystalline particle orientation by means of this lidar are presented herein. The main features of the LOSA-M3 lidar are the following: (1) an automatic scanning device, which allows changing the sensing direction in the upper hemisphere at the speed up to 1.5∘ s−1 with the accuracy of the angle measurement setting of at least 1 arcmin, (2) separation of the polarization components of the received radiation that is carried out directly behind the receiving telescope without installing the elements distorting polarization, such as dichroic mirrors and beam splitters, and (3) continuous alternation of the initial polarization state (linear–circular) from pulse to pulse that makes it possible to evaluate some elements of the scattering matrix. For testing lidar performance several series of measurements of the ice cloud structure in the zenith scan mode were carried out in Tomsk in April–June 2018. The results show that the degree of horizontal orientation of particles can vary significantly in different parts of the cloud. The dependence of signal intensity on the tilt angle reflects the distribution of particle deflection relative to the horizontal plane and is well described by the exponential dependence. The values of the cross-polarized component in most cases show a weak decline of intensity with the angle. However, these variations are smaller than the measurement errors. We can conclude that they are practically independent of the tilt angle. In most cases the scattering intensity at the wavelength of 532 nm has a wider distribution than at 1064 nm.
Effect of Temperature Storage on Hematological Parameters ofAvian Turkey Blood

Background: Hematology results are often influenced by the time between blood sampling and measurement, as well as storage conditions (e.g., temperature and time) during sample delivery between laboratories may further affect the resulting data. Hematological changes may occur in the measured parameters as a consequence of delayed analysis and may complicate interpretation of the data. Delayed analysis of blood samples may be caused by restricted access to laboratories. Blood samples collected from turkeys in remote locations (farms) often wait for laboratory processing. Objectives: The aim of this study was to investigate changes that occur in the packed cell volume (PCV), hemoglobin concentration, red blood cell (RBC) counts and mean corpuscular values (MCV) of turkey blood samples due to storage, including: blood samples stored at refrigerator (4°C), laboratory (24°C) and water bath (33°C) temperatures across a storage period of 72 h. Methods: Blood samples were collected from 25 adult turkeys (British United Turkey 600 hybrids – BUT 600). Hematological determinations were carried out on the blood samples immediately upon collection to obtain the baseline value (BV) and thereafter at specific time intervals across the 72-h duration of storage (DOS). Results: Results showed that for the samples stored at 4°C, there were no significant changes at p<0.05 level from the BV in the PCV, hemoglobin concentration and RBC counts, all through the 72-h DOS, but significantly increased values (p<0.05) were obtained when samples stored at 24°C and 33°C. Conclusion: Based on our research results we concluded following: blood samples obtained from turkey stored up to 72 hours at 4°C provides legitimate results for PCV, Hgb concentration and RBC count. MCV value is reliable if blood sample was stored up to 30 hours.
Functional performance and activity and mobility profiles following total knee arthroplasty : a pilot study

Osteoarthritis is the most common disease causing knee-joint failure, resulting in the need for total knee arthroplasty (TKA). The use of TKA is expected to grow exponentially in the next decade. Despite this, little is known about the effects and impact of this practice, on the daily lives of patients after surgery. Additionally, it is difficult to evaluate its impact because of the différent instruments used to assess activity and mobility profiles as well as function, after surgery. In this study, we described the différences between three groups (pre-TKA, 6-18 months post-TKA and healthy active adults) in tenus of functional performance and activity and mobility profiles, on a battery of outcome measures (self-report measures, performancebased measures and ecological measures). As a pilot study, we also assessed the feasibility and variability encountered in the study. Finally, we explored the relationship between the three types of measures used in this research project. To do so, we applied a descriptive correlational design on 28 participants (active, n = 12, pre-TKA, n = 6 and post-TKA, n = 10). Mann-Whitney U tests were applied between groups for each type of measure, to identify significant différences. Spearman's Rho corrélations were applied to the types of measures to explore the relationships among them. As expected, the results showed that the active group reached healthier results in ail three types of measures. For the most part, the post-TKA participants reached healthier scores than the pre-TKA group. Interestingly, the time not at home active variable, measured by accelerometer (an ecological measure). Was différent among ail groups of participants and was correlated with important self-reported measures (SF-12 physical and the IPAQ) and ail performancebased measures. Additionally what stood ont was the fact the life-space questionnaire (self-
General system theory : new approach to unity of science

19 15. General system theory: new approach to unity of science. Human biology [Електронний ресурс] / [Bertalanffy L. von, Hempel G.G. , Bass R.F. , Jonas H. ]. – 1951. – Режим доступу: http://bib.tiera. ru/DVD-026/Bertalanffy_ L.V. _The_History_and_Status_of_General_Systems_Theory_(1972)(en)(21s). pdf. 16. Keller R. Unternehmenssanierung: aussergerichtliche Sanierung und gerichtliche Sanierung. – Berlin: Verl. Neue Wirtschafts-Briefe, 1999.271 S 17. Krystek U. Krisenbewältigungs-Managementund Unternehmungsplanung. Neue betriebswirtschaftliche Forschung, Bd. 17.Wiesbaden, 1981.
Plant functional type effects on soil function change along a climatic gradient

Global change modifies plant community composition in mountain grasslands through shifts in the balance of plant guilds. Aboveand below-ground systems are tightly linked, and changes in plant community composition and structure can be accompanied by changes in soil function and structure. For a thorough understanding of this link, we carried out a study to evaluate the relative importance of regional variables, local soil properties, and local plant diversity on soil activity. We sampled soil and vegetation of six sites along a climatic gradient (334 to 2479 m) in the Eastern Pyrenees. At each site, we sampled patches with the dominant plant functional types (PFTs) in the site, -grasses, legumes and non-legume forbs. We harvested the aboveground biomass and then measured soil chemical variables and the size and activity of soil microbial populations. We performed Variation Partitioning analysis on soil activity variables and tested simple effects between three groups of environmental variables: (a) regional geographical, climatic and management variables, (b) local soil variables, and (c) local plant diversity variables. Our results showed that regional, local soil and local plant biodiversity variables accounted for 64.4%, 64.8 and 15.5% of the total variability of soil activity, respectively. However, the unique effects of the three sets of variables were small compared with the shared variation, with the highest variability being explained by the overlap between regional and local soil variables (45.6% of all variation including unexplained). Thus our findings suggest that plant guild effects on soil activity are modulated by regional environmental variables.
Applicability of the Affine Model for Ikonos Image Orientation over Mountainous Terrain

The 3D affine transformation model has obvious attributes for sensor orientation of high-resolution satellite imagery. It is a straightforward linear model, comprising only eight parameters, which has demonstrated sub-pixel geopositioning accuracy when applied to Ikonos stereo imagery. This paper provides further insight into the affine model in order to understand why it performs as well as it does in mountainous terrain. The results of application of the aff ine sensor orientation model in a multi-image Ikonos testfield configuration exhibiting a ground elevation range of 1280m are presented. These illustrate the very high geopositioning accuracy attainable with the aff ine model, and illustrate that even though the model can be influenced to a modest extent by terrain variation, it constitutes a robust, accurate and practical sensor orientation/triangulation model. In order to highlight the accuracy potential of the affine model in comparison to a rigorous sensor model, the results obtained via rational functions with bias compensation are also presented.
1 Numerical solution of equilibrium equations : direct methods

In this chapter we focus on the numerical solution of the equilibrium equations of a Markov chain with finitely many states. Consider an irreducible Markov chain with finite state space {0, 1, . , N} and transition probability matrix P with elements pij, i, j = 0, 1, . , N . We are interested in calculating the equilibrium distribution {p0, p1, . , pN}, which is the unique solution to the system
Prevalence of faecal incontinence among a healthy population in a tertiary referral center in Ireland

Background: Faecal incontinence (FI) is a debilitating condition associated with social isolation and poor quality of life. The prevalence of FI within the Irish setting has yet to be fully elucidated. The aim of the current study was to provide insights into the prevalence of FI among the population of the West of Ireland.Method: An anonymized questionnaire-based survey was conducted between May and August 2018 in a tertiary referral centre. Staff members and patients above the age of 18yrs were invited to take part in the study. The Rome IV criteria for FI was utilized. Data collected included patient demographics, co-morbidities, FI risk factors, surgical and obstetric history. Severity of faecal incontinence was assessed using the Wexner Continence Scale (WCS). Results: A total of 200 participants (F/M 124/76, median age 47yrs (18-86yrs)) were enrolled into the study. The overall prevalence of FI was 31.5% (63/200). 81 (40.5%) experienced some form of bowel dysfunction in the past. Of the 81, only 45 (55.5%) had discussed their FI symptoms with a healthcare professional. The FI group had 14 individuals (7%) with severe incontinence (Wexner score ≥ 9), 18 (9%) reported moderate incontinence (Wexner 5-8) and 31 (16%) reported mild incontinence (Wexner score 1-4). The FI cohort had a significantly greater incidence of inflammatory bowel disease, irritable bowel syndrome and previous bowel surgery (p
Emphasis Harmony in Arabic: A Critical Assessment of Feature-Geometric and Optimality-Theoretic Approaches

This overview article examines vowel-consonant harmony, specifically emphatic harmony (also referred to as pharyngealization, velarization, or uvularization), which is found in Semitic languages. It provides a comprehensive overview of emphasis harmony in Arabic dialects from feature-geometric and optimality-theoretic perspectives. From the feature geometric account, emphatic consonants are considered as a natural class within the guttural group that has the [pharyngeal] or [RTR] ‘retracted tongue root’ feature. This view has been questioned and challenged recently by some researchers who argue for the exclusion of emphatics from the guttural group. The different arguments discussed in this paper show that researchers cannot reach a consensus regarding which consonants belong to the guttural group and which features are shared between these consonants. This paper shows that studies adopting an optimality-theoretic perspective provide a more comprehensive view of emphasis harmony and its fundamental aspects, namely, directional spreading and blocking, spread from secondary emphatic /r/ and labialization. However, this paper reaches two main conclusions. Firstly, unlike feature geometry, optimality theory can provide a clearer picture of emphasis harmony in an accurate and detailed way, which does not only clarify the process in one Arabic dialect but also describe the differences between dialects due to the merit of (re)ranking of constraints. Secondly, emphasis harmony is different from one Arabic dialect to another regarding its direction, involvement of emphatic /r/, and labialization. These differences between dialects indicate that emphasis harmony is not an absolute phenomenon.
Maternal effects at an individual scale

Evolution is partly driven by natural selection which acts on the fitness of organisms, i.e their longevity and reproductive success. Both fitness components are life history traits that rely on the phenotype of an individual which depends on its genes and its environment. Because in most species mothers provide the developmental environment, evolutionary students have to take into account maternal effects (MEs), which are the causal influence of maternal genotype or phenotype on the offspring phenotype (OP) – for the importance of the causality link, see box 1. MEs especially operate during early life but can have long-term impact on OP. Some of them tend to increase the offspring fitness whereas other seem to reduce it (see box 2), but the overall outcome fluctuates with the life context [1]••. Altogether, all MEs generally rely on the same mechanisms: prenatal influence on OP is tied with molecular pathways (hormones, mRNA or proteins deposited into the zygotes) whereas postnatal MEs mainly result from maternal care [2]••. Consequently, because MEs are dependent on the link between mothers and offspring, they are of greatest importance in altricial species (where young animals depend on their parents) such as mammals or birds but also in anurans or insects. Recent development of genetic tools (molecular markers such as microsatellites) has allowed pedigree inference, and new statistical methods now permit quantitative distinction of additive genetic variance and phenotypic variance [3]•. For instance, the animal mixed-effects model, which requires long-time series of the relatedness of individuals in a population, partitions the variance into different genetic and environmental sources to estimate key parameters such as the heritability of a trait or the genetic correlations between traits without controlling them. Indeed, even if laboratory studies are required for such controls and for insight in molecular pathways and are logistically easier, they often bias heritability measures because of artificial and novel environment; moreover, laboratory stocks are rather inbred [4]. Therefore and thanks to the new tools, the need for more studies of MEs under natural conditions has brought a new literacy on MEs in the wild. To my knowledge, no study to date has focused on MEs in the wild. Here, I review the main results made in recent years in this evolutionary ecology domain concerning MEs on life history traits and evolution at individual and population scale.
TOLERANCE IN PLANTS

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FAMSD_QA: Model quality assessment using the side chain environment consensus score

INTRODUCTION Selecting the best quality model from a set of predicted structures is one of the most important parts of protein structure prediction. In the Seventh Critical Assessment of Techniques for Protein Structure Prediction (CASP7) experiment, the new prediction category called “QA” (Quality Assessment) was implemented. In this category participants assess the quality of the models which were predicted automatically by other teams. Each QA participant gives a “reliability score” to these models from 0 (indicates „bad model‟) to 1 (indicates „good model‟). After the experimental structures of CASP7 targets became available, the GDT_TS score was calculated for all predicted models and was compared with the “reliability score”. Several values such as the Pearson correlation coefficient between GDT_TS and “reliability score” of each QA method were calculated to measure the quality of each QA method. As a result of QA category in CASP7, we found that the most powerful method was consensus method like 3D-Jury [1]. 3D-Jury score is the summation of the number of residues (C atom) within 3. 5Åfrom each predicted model. This method can select “good backbone” models but the quality of the side chain of selected models is not so good. Thus we developed a new consensus method which considers side chain environment for the purpose of selecting good side chain models, and participated in the latest CASP experiment (CASP8) [2] using this method. We describe the algorithm of this method and the results of CASP8.
Equine oocytes: oogenesis, folliculogenesis and maturation

The objective of this review was to describe the process of differentiation, development and in vivo and in vitro maturation of equine oocytes. Therefore, aspects related with oogenesis, folliculogenesis, and the process of in vivo maturation of equine oocytes until ovulation and also the evolution of in vitro maturation (IVM) researches are emphasized. Understanding physiologic mechanism, the addiction of hormones and growth factors in culture medium allowed advances of equine IVM. However, further studies are required to improve the techniques for in vitro production of equine embryos.
Automatic Semantic Role Labeling based on Japanese FrameNet – A Progress Report –

This paper proposes a method for assigning Japanese FrameNet semantic roles to constituents of Japanese sentences. The method employs stochastic models trained with support vector machines. Our system based on the method achieved 79% precision and 70% recall in identifying semantic roles of pre-segmented arguments. For more difficult task to identify the arguments and to assign their semantic roles, the system achieves 72% precision and 61% recall. These results surpass previous research.
Value sensitive analysis of a persuasive system for breastfeeding

Although the obvious iniquities, namely coercion, deception, and manipulation, are not part of persuasive technology philosophy, the developers have to deal with ethical challenges when designing persuasive systems. To study how potential ethical issues could be dealt with already during the design process, we took a closer look to a persuasive system with highly sensitive topic. We conducted both persuasive system design analysis and value sensitive analysis to comprehend the system and the contextual issues related to it. Our study revealed, that value sensitive analysis can benefit persuasive system design process by providing new and valuable information for the designers. In the end, the new information can help making the system more ethical, but also more valuable and thus persuasive for the users.
System of Systems Interoperability Machine Learning Model

Increasingly flexible and efficient industrial processes and automation systems are developed by integrating computational systems and physical processes, thereby forming large heterogeneous systems of cyber-physical systems. Such systems depend on particular data models and payload formats for communication, and making different entities interoperable is a challenging problem that drives the engineering costs and time to deployment. Interoperability is typically established and maintained manually using domain knowledge and tools for processing and visualization of symbolic metadata, which limits the scalability of the present approach. The vision of next generation automation frameworks, like the Arrowhead Framework, is to provide autonomous interoperability solutions. In this thesis the problem to automatically establish interoperability between cyber-physical systems is reviewed and formulated as a mathematical optimisation problem, where symbolic metadata and message payloads are combined with machine learning methods to enable message translation and improve system of systems utility. An autoencoder based implementation of the model is investigated and simulation results for a heating and ventilation system are presented, where messages are partially translated correctly by semantic interpolation and generalisation of the latent representations. A maximum translation accuracy of 49% is obtained using this unsupervised learning approach. Further work is required to improve the translation accuracy, in particular by further exploiting metadata in the model architecture and autoencoder training protocol, and by considering more advanced regularization methods and utility optimization.