Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Planning Human Resources Management, Development and Training of Staff, and Their Impact on Organizational Performance, in the Iraq Oil Companies Sector

This paper aims to study the planning, training and development of human resources and its impact on the organizational performance of the Iraqi oil companies. Factors affecting HR planning, training and development were examined. The study population, composed of staff from the Human Resources Department of the Ministry of Oil, included 100 people surveyed. To achieve the objectives of the study, the researcher developed and distributed a survey and data collection and analysis using EXCEL. The overall analysis was carried out based on meta-statistics and correlation analysis. The results showed that human resource management, training and development planning are closely related to organizational performance in the Ministry of Oil. Paper presented recommendations for improving human resources in the Iraq Ministry of Oil.
Ground multi-target positioning algorithm for airborne optoelectronic system

Traditional single target position finding method can not fit the condition that the situation of modern war field changes in real time and has many targets.In order to enhance the efficiency of target positioning,this paper developed a new semi-active multi-target positioning algorithm for airborne optoelectronic system on the basis of single target position finding.Through establishing the initial east-north-up(ENU) coordinates,aeroplane ENU coordinates,crankshaft coordinates,EO stabilized-aiming coordinates and multi-target projection coordinates,a series of coordinates transform formulas using the relative angles of target were derived,which could calculate the longitudes and latitudes of multi-target.The result of computer emulation showed that this algorithm could calculate the latitudes and longitudes of multi-target at the same time.The positioning precision of hypo-targets was lower than that of the main target because of the increased accumulated error of coordinates transforming by the pixel deviation.
Fault-Tolerant Routing in Hypercube Networks with Extended Local-Connectivity

Based on the concepts of local k-subcube-connectivity for hypercube networks,a new concepts—extended local k-subcube-connectivity was proposed.It was proved that all non-faulty nodes in a hypercube network with extended local k-subcube-connectivity is connected.Based on extended local k-subcube-connectivity,a fault-tolerant routing algorithms from a given non-faulty source node to a given non-faulty destination node was proposed in a hypercube network.
Culture and Corporate Governance Convergence

Purpose This paper aims to analyse the link between culture and corporate governance. In particular, it demonstrates the impact of culture in inhibiting convergence of corporate governance. Overall, the paper provides an appraisal of corporate governance laws in stakeholder-oriented states that have endured market pressure for convergence. Design/methodology/approach The paper utilises historical trend in analyzing changes in corporate governance regulation in six countries covering three continents with stakeholder-oriented corporate governance model to determine the effect of culture in the convergence or divergence of corporate governance. Findings The view that corporate governance is converging towards the shareholder model largely ignores cultural differences in states. An appraisal of corporate governance rules and principles that have endured Anglo-American influence reveals a strong propensity for cultural norms to dictate areas where changes occur. This paper demonstrates nominal changes in corporate governance regulation and ideologies, as states still turn to design corporate governance rules around their cultural philosophy. The paper also reveals weak political authority for convergence vis-a-vis market forces. Practical implications Laws are strongly embedded in the corporate philosophies of states. Thus, the market and managers need to incorporate national culture into corporate practices for effective implementation. Originality/value Few studies have examined the effect of culture on the convergence of corporate governance regulation, especially across different countries. This study does not only analyze corporate governance in developed countries but also examines emerging nations in Africa where research on convergence is very scarce.
Kinematic and Functional Gait Changes After the Utilization of a Foot Drop Stimulator in Pediatrics

Foot drop is one of the most common secondary conditions associated with hemiplegia post stroke and cerebral palsy (CP) in children, and is characterized by the inability to lift the foot (dorsiflexion) about the ankle. This investigation focuses on children and adolescents diagnosed with brain injury and aims to evaluate the orthotic and therapeutic effects due to continuous use of a foot drop stimulator (FDS). Seven children (10 ± 3.89 years) with foot drop and hemiplegia secondary to brain injury (stroke or CP) were evaluated at baseline and after 3 months of FDS usage during community ambulation. Primary outcome measures included using mechanistic (joint kinematics, toe displacement, temporal-spatial asymmetry), and functional gait parameters (speed, step length, time) to evaluate the orthotic and therapeutic effects. There was a significant correlation between spatial asymmetry and speed without FDS at 3 months (r = 0.76, p < 0.05, df = 5) and no correlation between temporal asymmetry and speed for all conditions. The results show orthotic effects including significant increase in toe displacement (p < 0.025 N = 7) during the swing phase of gait while using the FDS. A positive correlation exists between toe displacement and speed (with FDS at 3 months: r = 0.62, p > 0.05, without FDS at 3 months: r = 0.44, p > 0.05). The results indicate an orthotic effect of increased dorsiflexion and toe displacement during swing with the use of the FDS in children with hemiplegia. Further, the study suggests that there could be a potential long-term effect of increased dorsiflexion during swing with continuous use of FDS.
Research on Retailer’s Dual Channel Multi-Product Bundle Sales Pricing

From the perspective of consumers, a monopolistic retailer is considered to sell two differentiated products in different sales modes: physical channel and online channel. In the case of separate sales, considering consumers’ channel and product preference, the same price of the same product is set in different channels to reduce channel conflicts caused by price differences among consumers. In the case of bundling, product bundling should be considered in network channels, and two products should be sold separately in physical channels. The analysis shows that the bundling strategy is better than the separate selling strategy. It can be seen from the numerical analysis that with the increase of the substitution degree of the bundled products, the demand and profit of the bundled sales strategy will gradually increase with the increase of the substitution degree. In addition, it is also found that the marginal cost of sales in the channel has a great impact on the two sales modes. Since the marginal cost of sales in the physical channel is greater than the marginal cost of sales in the network channel, it is only in the network channel that bundling is adopted, and the separate sales in the physical channel will enable the retailer to obtain more profits.
The Dynamics of Real Interest Rates, Real Exchange Rates and the Balance of Payments in China: 1980-2002

Based on China's experience between 1980 and 2002, a cointegrated vector autoregression model was established to explore the relationships among real interest rates, real exchange rates and balance of payments in China. Taking into account institutional changes, the empirical study shows that significant and usually non-monotonic interactions exist between these three variables. The paper discusses theoretical and policy implications of the empirical result.
Low cost multicast network authentication for embedded control systems

Security for wired embedded control networks is becoming a greater concern as manufacturers add increasing connectivity from these internal wired networks to the outside world. In the event that an attacker gains access to an embedded control network, the attacker might manipulate potentially safety-critical message traffic to induce a system failure. However, protocols used in these networks omit support for multicast authentication to prevent masquerade and replay attacks. While many approaches for multicast authentication exist, the unique constraints of embedded control networks make incorporating these schemes impractical. Resource limited nodes must authenticate short periodic messages to multiple receivers within tight real-time deadlines while tolerating potentially high packet loss rates. This work presents time-triggered authentication: a new multicast authentication technique to prevent masquerade and replay attacks in wired embedded control networks. This approach takes advantage of the existing temporal redundancy of many embedded control networks by verifying messages across multiple samples using one message authentication code (MAC) per receiver (OMPR), each being just a few bits in size. This approach can be applied to both state transition commands and reactive control messages, and allows a tradeoff among authentication bits per packet, application level latency, tolerance to invalid MACs, and probability of induced failure, while satisfying typical embedded system constraints. This work also presents validity voting: a method to improve overall bandwidth efficiency and reduce authentication latency of OMPR in time-triggered authentication by using unanimous voting on message values and validity amongst a group of nodes. This technique decreases the probability of successful per-packet forgery by using one extra bit per additional vote, regardless of the number of total receivers. We also show how to use two existing multicast authentication techniques (TESLA and a master-slave approach using hash tree broadcast authentication) in conjunction with time-triggered authentication and compared all four techniques. Finally, we demonstrated the applicability of time-triggered authentication using each of the four techniques in two case studies. First, we implemented each technique in a simulated elevator control network. Second, we examined the impacts of authentication on bandwidth for an automotive network workload.
Mapping the Role of Social Enterprise: A Sustainable Model for Future?

It is now ten years since the global financial crisis significantly impacted upon many countries on many countries across the world. Over the last decade, many countries have had to readjust in response to the global financial crisis. In this period, nations such as Europe and the US have applied austerity measures to cut government budget deficits. Some social and political commentators believe that the austerity measures that have been put in place are harsh practices as they have impacted upon communities at a local level. Nevertheless, austerity has created a new ideological debate from the left and the right, in political terms, regarding the ways in which institutions should respond to tough economic challenges. Social enterprise has become a prominent force in the economic globalised word and become an important factor that plays a crucial role in local communities. The authors of this chapter examine the complex relationships between globalization, sustainability and social enterprise. The research encompasses the key theoretical concepts.
Relationship of Concern About Body Dysmorphia with External Shame, Perfectionism, and Negative Affect: The Mediating Role of Self-Compassion

Background: With the advent of the third wave of cognitive-behavioral therapies, compassion and self-compassion were taken into consideration. Self-compassion serves as a protective factor against psychopathology. Shame, perfectionism, and negative affect are among the risk factors of body dysmorphic disorder (BDD). Self-compassion may decrease the negative effects of these factors on the dysmorphic concern. Objectives: The aim of the current study was to examine the protective effect of self-compassion against perfectionism, negative affect, and external shame in relation to concern about body dysmorphia. Methods: A convenience sampling method was used to select 210 students (103 males and 107 females) studying at Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences. The dysmorphic concern questionnaire, self-compassion scale (short-form), external shame scale, negative affect scale, and perfectionism scale were applied as study tools. Pearson correlation coefficient and the path analysis of structural equation modeling were employed to analyze the data. Results: External shame, perfectionism, and negative affect had significant positive relationships with concern about body dysmorphia. Accordingly, there was a significant negative relationship between self-compassion and concern about body dysmorphia. Moreover, the results of path analysis showed that self-compassion played a mediating role in the relationship of concern about body dysmorphia with perfectionism and negative affect. However, it did not have a significant mediating role in the relationship between external shame and concern about body dysmorphia. Conclusions: Self-compassion can serve as a protective factor against perfectionism and negative affect to decrease the negative effects of these risk factors.
The Algorithm of the Thinking Machine

In this article we consider the questions 'What is AI? ' and 'How to write a program that satisfies the definition of AI? ' It deals with the basic concepts and modules that must be at the heart of this program. The most interesting concept that is discussed here is the concept of abstract signals. Each of these signals is related to the result of a particular experiment. The abstract signal is a function that at any time point returns the probability the corresponding experiment to return true.
New approaches for clustering high dimensional data

Clustering is one of the most effective methods for analyzing datasets that contain a large number of objects with numerous attributes. Clustering seeks to identify groups, or clusters, of similar objects. In low dimensional space, the similarity between objects is often evaluated by summing the difference across all of their attributes. High dimensional data, however, may contain irrelevant attributes which mask the existence of clusters. The discovery of groups of objects that are highly similar within some subsets of relevant attributes becomes an important but challenging task. My thesis focuses on various models and algorithms for this task. We first present a flexible clustering model, namely OP-Cluster (Order Preserving Cluster). Under this model, two objects are similar on a subset of attributes if the values of these two objects induce the same relative ordering of these attributes. OP-Clustering algorithm has demonstrated to be useful to identify co-regulated genes in gene expression data. We also propose a semi-supervised approach to discover biologically meaningful OP-Clusters by incorporating existing gene function classifications into the clustering process. This semi-supervised algorithm yields only OP-clusters that are significantly enriched by genes from specific functional categories. Real datasets are often noisy. We propose a noise-tolerant clustering algorithm for mining frequently occurring itemsets. This algorithm is called approximate frequent itemsets (AFI). Both the theoretical and experimental results demonstrate that our AFI mining algorithm has higher recoverability of real clusters than any other existing itemset mining approaches. Pair-wise dissimilarities are often derived from original data to reduce the complexities of high dimensional data. Traditional clustering algorithms taking pair-wise dissimilarities as input often generate disjoint clusters from pair-wise dissimilarities. It is well known that the classification model represented by disjoint clusters is inconsistent with many real classifications, such gene function classifications. We develop a Poclustering algorithm, which generates overlapping clusters from pair-wise dissimilarities. We prove that by allowing overlapping clusters, Poclustering fully preserves the information of any dissimilarity matrices while traditional partitioning algorithms may cause significant information loss.
DESTRUCTIVE LEADERSHIP AND SUBORDINATES INTENTION TO LEAVE: AN EMPIRICAL STUDY

A B S TR A C T The leadership is like two sided coin: the constructive side and the destructive side. Both are obvious in organizations, but only constructive seems to get all the attention. Hence the study is concentrated on the other side of leadership. Destructive leadership is defined as: ‘the systematic and repeated behavior by a leader, supervisor or manager that violates the legitimate interests of the organisation by undermining and / or sabotaging the organization’s goals, tasks, resources, and effectiveness and / or motivation, well-being or job satisfaction of subordinates’ Einarsen et al. (2007). An ineffectual leader has the potential to influence the course of an organization. The traits that they identify as causing follower distress are hostility and neuroticism. Such leaders are unwilling to communicate effectively with subordinates and are likely to limit subordinates’ ability to cope with day-to-day problems. The composite effect of leader behavior towards subordinate’s intention to quit organization has been studied in this paper. Sample of subordinates (n= 214) has been taken, data collection was done through structured questionnaire . The findings of this study is that the Destructive leadership has a moderate effect on subordinates intention towards leaving the organization. Also this paper highlights the progress and limitations of prior research, suggest directions for further research.
The relationship between teacher candidates' self-efficacy levels and lifelong learning tendencies

Araştırma öğretmen adaylarının öz yeterlik düzeyi ile yaşam boyu öğrenme eğilimlerinin; cinsiyet ve sınıf düzeyine göre anlamlı bir şekilde farklılaşıp farklılaşmadığını belirlemek ve özyeterlik düzeyi ile yaşamboyu öğrenme eğilimleri arasında anlamlı bir ilişkinin olup olmadığını ortaya koymak amacı ile yapılmıştır. Araştırma Gazi Üniversitesi Gazi Eğitim Fakültesi’ nde öğrenim gören 242 sınıf öğretmeni adayı oluşturmaktadır. Çalışmada “özyeterlik ölçeği” ve “yaşam boyu öğrenme eğilimleri ölçeği” olmak üzere iki ayrı veri toplama aracı kullanılmıştır. Elde edilen verilerle sınıf öğretmeni adaylarının özyeterlik ve yaşam boyu öğrenme eğilimleri cinsiyet ve sınıf düzeylerine göre betimlenmiş, özyeterlik inançları ve yaşam boyu öğrenme eğilimlerinin cinsiyet ve sınıf düzeylerine farklılaşıp farklılaşmadığı, özyeterliğin yaşam boyu eğilimini ne derece yordadığı incelenmiştir. Öğretmen adaylarının özyeterlik düzeyi genel olarak ortalamanın üstünde bulunurken cinsiyete ve sınıf düzeyinde göre anlamlı biçimde farklılaşmadığı bulunmuştur. Öğretmen adaylarının yaşam boyu öğrenme eğilimleri yüksek bulunmakla birlikte cinsiyete göre değişmemektedir ancak birinci sınıf öğretmen adaylarının yaşam boyu öğrenme eğilimi daha yüksek bulunmuştur. Öğretmen adaylarının özyeterlik ve yaşam boyu öğrenme eğilimleri arasında orta (0.53) düzeyinde, pozitif yönlü anlamlı bir ilişki vardır. Analiz sonuçları Yaşam boyu öğrenme eğilimine ilişkin toplam varyansın, %28’sinin özyeterlik inancı ile açıklandığı görülmektedir.
Towards multimodal analysis of human behavior in crowded mingling scenarios using movement cues from wearable sensors and cameras

Mingling events are scenarios where people come together to socialize, which present a high concentration of social interactions in what are called free-standing conversations groups [1]. This makes them interesting study cases for analyzing social human behavior in a natural and uncontrolled setting. Examples of such events are drink parties, networking events or conference poster sessions (see Figure 1 for examples).
Gestion de l'ankylose alvéolo-dentaire et procédure de décoronation

Une ankylose alveolo-dentaire consiste en une fixation solide d'une dent resultant de la fusion entre le cement et l'os alveolaire avec l'obliteration du ligament periodontique. Ce phenomene peut apparaitre a la suite d’un traumatisme severe, notamment lors d’une importante intrusion ou lors de l’expulsion d’une dent suivie d’une reimplantation tardive de cette derniere. Elle est combinee a une resorption de remplacement c’est a dire que la racine disparait progressivement au profit de l’os alveolaire. Ce phenomene peut entrainer diverses consequences nefastes pour le patient et est actuellement impossible a stopper. Divers traitements plus ou moins conservateurs existent. Nous nous interessons ici a un de ces traitements : la decoronation de la dent ankylosee. Il consiste a retirer la couronne et le contenu canalaire de la dent et a laisser en place la racine dans l’os alveolaire, recouverte par un lambeau mucoperioste afin de conserver le volume osseux. L’objectif de ce travail est de determiner si cette methode est interessante a mettre en œuvre et dans quels cas. Dans un premier temps nous developperons plus precisement le procede d’ankylose et son diagnostic en passant par sa pathogenie, ses consequences chez ces jeunes patients et nous verrons les divers traitements existants. Enfin dans un second temps nous nous pencherons plus precisement sur le traitement consistant a realiser une decoronation de la dent concernee. Nous chercherons a comprendre quel est l’interet de cette pratique, ses indications precises et quelles sont les etapes cliniques de sa realisation.
Stochastic Trends, Debt Sustainability and Fiscal Policy

We study empirically the reaction of fiscal policy to changes in the permanent and transitory components of GDP in a panel of countries. We find evidence that government spending tends to be counter-cyclical conditional on temporary shocks and pro-cyclical conditional on permanent shocks. We also find no evidence that developing countries are systematically different from developed ones in terms of fiscal policy. We present a theory featuring a fiscal reaction function to the output gap and a measure of debt sustainability. The fiscal impulse response to a permanent (temporary) shock to GDP is positive (negative) as the effect on debt sustainability (current output gap) dominates. The results are mostly sensitive to the relative weight of debt sustainability in the fiscal reaction function as well as to the extent of real rigidities in the economy.
Review on generation and transmission expansion co‐planning models under a market environment

This study presents a review of the state-of-the-art on the coordination of generation and transmission expansion planning. First, the authors present the different investment and operation modelling approaches, with an emphasis on the centralised co-optimisation problem. Second, a comprehensive review of co-planning hierarchical equilibrium models, under a market environment, is carried out. The authors categorise the distinctive market approaches that usually represent the lower level of co-planning problems. They offer an updated and detailed classification of multilevel equilibrium models, based on their hierarchical and regulatory structure versus their equivalent reduced structure. Finally, the authors identify research gaps in the literature of each one of the mentioned model categories.