Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Joint Iterative Interference Alignment and Energy Harvesting for Multi-User Networks

In a wireless network with multiple users, interferences cause performance degradation as well as provide extra opportunities for harvesting RF energies. In this work, a new joint design of interference alignment (IA) and energy harvesting (EH) that aims to reduce interferences to the desired user and harvest energies from the interferences when IA is inefficient is studied. Two iterative IA schemes, distributed IA (DIA) and IA via alternating minimization (IAAM) are considered. Based on a tradeoff decision criterion, the operation switches between IA and EH. Numerical results show that there is a tradeoff between information rate and harvested energy for both DIA and IAAM. The scheme with higher information rate often has smaller harvested energy.
Evidence to Maintain the Systolic Blood Pressure Treatment Threshold at 140 mm Hg for Stroke Prevention: The Northern Manhattan Study

In 2014, the Eighth Joint National Committee revised the target maximum systolic blood pressure (SBP) from 140 to 150 mm Hg in patients aged ≥60 years without diabetes mellitus or chronic kidney disease. The evidence from cohort studies supporting this change was sparse, particularly among US minority populations. In the Northern Manhattan Study, 1750 participants aged ≥60 years and free of stroke, diabetes mellitus, and chronic kidney disease had SBP measured at baseline and were annually followed up for incident stroke. Mean age at baseline was 72±8 years, 63% were women, 48% Hispanic, 25% non-Hispanic white, and 25% non-Hispanic black. Among all participants, 40% were on antihypertensive medications; 43% had SBP <140 mm Hg, 20% had 140 to 149 mm Hg, and 37% had ≥150 mm Hg. Over a median follow-up of 13 years, 182 participants developed stroke. The crude stroke incidence was greater among individuals with SBP≥150 mm Hg (10.8 per 1000 person-years) and SBP 140 to 149 (12.3) than among those with SBP<140 (6.2). After adjusting for demographics, vascular risk factors, diastolic BP, and medication use, participants with SBP 140 to 149 mm Hg had an increased risk of stroke (hazard ratio, 1.7; 95% confidence interval, 1.2–2.6) compared with those with SBP <140 mm Hg. The increased stroke risk was most notable among Hispanics and non-Hispanic blacks. Raising the SBP threshold from 140 to 150 mm Hg as a new target for hypertension treatment in older individuals without diabetes mellitus or chronic kidney disease could have a detrimental effect on stroke risk reduction, especially among minority US populations.
Consumer Footprint. Basket of Products indicator on Food

4 1 The European Union (EU) Consumer Footprint . 5 2 Environmental impacts of food . 8 3 Basket model for food . 10 3.1 Description of the BoP composition . 10 4 Life Cycle Inventory of the BoP . 13 4.1 Key assumptions for performing the Life Cycle Assessment . 16 4.2 LCI of Agricultural/breeding stage . 18 4.3 LCI of industrial processing and packaging . 21 4.4 LCI of logistics . 22 4.5 LCI of use phase . 24 4.6 LCI of End of Life . 25 5 Results of baseline’s hotspot analysis . 27 5.1 Contribution by life cycle stages . 31 5.2 Most relevant elementary flows . 33 5.3 Contribution by product groups . 36 5.4 Relevance of impact categories . 37 6 Main hotspots identified . 40 7 Ecoinnovations relevant for the BoP Food . 41 7.1 Possible synergies with organic farming principles . 45 7.2 Possible synergies with the ongoing work for the revision of green public procurement criteria for food procurement and catering services . 46 7.2. 1 Modelling of catering services . 47 8 Scenarios of eco-innovation for the area of consumption Food . 48 8.1 List of the scenarios tested in the BoP Food . 48 8.2 Scenario 1 – Nutrients cycle – food waste to animal feed . 49 8.3 Scenario 2 – Improvement of wastewater treatment . 52 8.4 Scenario 3 – Diet changes . 54 8.5 Scenario 4 – Nutrients cycle recovery of nutrients from urine . 58 8.6 Scenario 5 – Food waste prevention . 62 9 Summary of main findings from the scenario analysis . 69 10 Conclusions . 71 References . 73 List of abbreviations and definitions . 85 List of figures . 87 List of tables . 89
The Effects of Des‐Asp ^angiotensin II on Blood Pressure, Plasma Aldosterone Concentration, and Plasma Renin Activity in the Rabbit

To examine the hypothesis that des-Asp'-angiotensin II (angiotensin III) may be an important mediator of various responses to angiotensin II, both peptides were given sequentially at 25 ng/kg per min by systemic infusion to conscious rabbits, and the effects on blood pressure, plasma aldosterone concentration, and plasma renin activity were compared. The mean arterial pressure increased with angiotensin II infusion an average of 18.2 mm Hg, and with angiotensin III infusion only 3.2 mm Hg. Both peptides, however, produced a six- to sevenfold increase in plasma aldosterone concentration, and a threefold decrease in plasma renin activity. Renal clearance data suggest that the suppression of renin activity was not a consequence of renal hemodynamic change or altered sodium transport, but of direct inhibition through a receptor mediating a short feedback loop. These data in the intact rabbit, taken together with in vitro studies by others, suggest that the responses of these three organ systems to angiotensin peptides are mediated by receptors of varied specificity: those mediating vasoconstriction exhibit a greater response to angiotensin II than to angiotensin III; those mediating the secretion of aldosterone exhibit a lesser response to angiotensin II than to angiotensin HI; and those mediating the suppression of renin release do not appear to discriminate between the two peptides.
Effect of autologous epidermal cell suspension transplantation in chronic nonhealing wounds: a pilot study.

BACKGROUND Chronic nonhealing wounds are difficult to manage. Various substances are being used to heal these wounds. We sought to observe the effects of autologous epidermal cell suspension dressings on chronic nonhealing ulcers. METHODS We enrolled patients of the wound clinic at University Hospital, Varanasi, India, with nonhealing wounds of more than 6 weeks' duration. We treated the wound beds with sterile dressings and antibiotics until the swab cultures became sterile. We prepared autologous epidermal cell suspensions from skin grafts and used them on the ulcer beds along with Vaseline gauze dressings. Follow-up visits with patients occurred weekly for assessment of wound healing and other changes. RESULTS Fifteen patients enrolled in our study. Of these, 6 patients had completely healed at 12 weeks, 1 patient at 16 weeks and 2 patients at 20 weeks after treatment. We observed a slow healing response in 6 patients, of whom 1 patient had healed completely at 32 weeks and another at 48 weeks. One patient needed skin grafting, and 3 patients were lost to follow-up. CONCLUSION Autologous noncultured epidermal cell suspension transplantation seems to be an effective, simple and time-saving method to treat chronic nonhealing wounds.
2 Performance Evaluation of an Improved Fully Stressed Design Evolution Strategy on Simultaneous Topology , Shape and Size Optimization of Large-Scale Truss Structures

During the recent decade, truss optimization by metaheuristics has gradually replaced deterministic and optimality criteria-based methods. While they may provide some advantages regarding their robustness and ability to avoid local minima, the required evaluation budget grows fast when the number of design variables is increased. This practically limits the size of the problems to which they can be applied. Furthermore, most recent stochastic optimization methods handle the size optimization only, the potential saving from which is highly limited, when compared to the most sophisticated, and obviously the most challenging scenario, simultaneous topology, shape and size (TSS) optimization. In a recent study by the authors, a method based on combination of optimality criteria and evolution strategies, called fully stressed design based on evolution strategies (FSD-ES), was proposed for TSS optimization of truss structures. FSD-ES outperformed available truss optimizers in the literature, both in efficiency and robustness. The contribution of this study is two-fold. First, an improved version of FSD-ES method, called FSDES-II, is proposed. In comparison with the earlier version, it takes the displacement constraints in the resizing step into account and can handle constraints governed by practically used specifications. Update of strategy parameters is also revised following contemporary and new developments in evolution strategies. Second, a test suite consisting of large scale TSS optimization problems is developed to overcome some shortcomings in available benchmark problems. For each problem, performance of FSD-ES-II is compared with the best results available in the literature, often showing a significant superiority.
Dynamin‐related protein 1 (Drp1)‐mediated diastolic dysfunction in myocardial ischemia‐reperfusion injury: therapeutic benefits of Drp1 inhibition to reduce mitochondrial fission

Mitochondrial fission, regulated by dynamin‐related protein‐1 (Drp1), is a newly recognized determinant of mitochondrial function, but its contribution to left ventricular (LV) impairment following ischemia‐reperfusion (IR) injury is unknown. We report that Drp1 activation during IR results in LV dysfunction and that Drp1 inhibition is beneficial. In both isolated neonatal murine cardiomyocytes and adult rat hearts (Langendorff preparation) mitochondrial fragmentation and swelling occurred within 30 min of IR Drp1‐S637 (serine 637) dephosphorylation resulted in Drp1 mitochondrial translocation and increased mitochondrial fission. The Drp1 inhibitor Mdivi‐1 preserved mitochondrial morphology, reduced cytosolic calcium, and prevented cell death. Drp1 siRNA similarly preserved mitochondrial morphology. In Langendorff hearts, Mdivi‐1 reduced mitochondrial reactive oxygen species, improved LV developed pressure (92±5 vs. 28±10 mmHg, P<0.001), and lowered LV end diastolic pressure (10±1 vs. 86±13 mmHg, P<0.001) following IR Mdivi‐1 was protective if administered prior to or following ischemia. Because Drp1‐S637 dephosphorylation is calcineurin sensitive, we assessed the effects of a calcineurin inhibitor, FK506. FK506 treatment prior to IR prevented Drp1‐S637 dephosphorylation and preserved cardiac function. Likewise, therapeutic hypothermia (30°C) inhibited Drp1‐S637 dephosphorylation and preserved mitochondrial morphology and myocardial function. Drp1 inhibition is a novel strategy to improve myocardial function following IR. —Sharp, W. S. , Fang, Y. H. , Han, M. , Zhang, H. J., Hong, Z. , Banathy, A. , Morrow, E. , Ryan, J. J., Archer, S. L. Dynamin‐related protein 1 (Drp1)‐mediated diastolic dysfunction in myocardial ischemia‐reperfusion injury: therapeutic benefits of Drp1 inhibition to reduce mitochondrial fission. FASEB J. 28, 316–326 (2014). www.fasebj. org
Beyond the Gallery Forest: Contrasting Habitat and Diet in Lemur catta Troops at Bezà Mahafaly Special Reserve

Ring-tailed lemurs have been studied intensively in the Parcel 1 gallery forest of Bezà Mahafaly Special Reserve. Here, we report on lemur groups in a mixture of deciduous dry forest and spiny forest just 5 km to the west. Compared to Parcel 1, Parcel 2 (P2) has a lower density of Tamarindus indica, a major dietary plant species for gallery forest lemurs. Recent studies in drier habitats have called into question the association of lemur density and tamarind presence. In order to address this question, we measured forest structure and composition of plant plots between parcels and conducted lemur feeding observations. The trees and shrubs within the parcels did not differ in height or diameter at breast height, but the frequencies of plant species that were common between parcels were significantly different. Numbers of feeding observations on foods common to both parcels did not differ, but their relative rankings within parcels did. Frequencies of food plants corresponded to earlier reports of lemur population densities. However, we found that the ring-tailed lemur diet is a mixture of plants that are eaten in abundance regardless of frequency and those that are locally available. In terms of their reliance on Tamarindus, P2 animals appear intermediate between those in gallery forests and nontamarind sites.
Causes of Death among HIV-Infected Adults Registered in Selected Anti-Retroviral Therapy Centers in North-Eastern India

Background: Causes of death related studies in HIV infected population are necessary to devise disease specific preventive interventions at both state and national level HIV programs. This study examines the causes of death among HIV-infected individuals registered at selected Anti-Retro- viral Therapy (ART) centers in the era of treatment in north-eastern India. Data and Methods: A retrospective chart review of causes of death was undertaken among HIV-infected patients who were treated between January 2006 and November 2012 at three selected ART centers in Assam, a north-eastern state of India. Reported causes of death were coded as per the guidelines of the In- ternational Classification of Diseases (ICD-10) to determine the deaths to standard definitions. Results: Among 5612 HIV-infected patients registered over a period of 71 months, 370 deaths have occurred. Tuberculosis (28%) was the leading cause of death followed by death due to AIDS related complex (11%), wasting syndrome and multiple infections (9% each). Deaths due to se- lected causes were significantly associated with patient's use of alcohol, WHO clinical stage, CD4 count at the time of diagnosis, presence of opportunistic infections during treatment and ART ad- herence. Median survival duration was shortest among patients who had CD4 count <50 at the start of ART (2.9 months) and patients who had multiple opportunistic infections during treat- ment (2.5 months). Discussion: Majority (67%) of deaths in our study were due to AIDS-related causes. Tuberculosis has remained the leading cause of death among the HIV patients on ART. Strengthening the linkages and referral between the HIV and TB program will be crucial to reduce the AIDS-related deaths attributed to tuberculosis. * Corresponding author.
High-Frequency Pallidal Stimulation for Camptocormia in Parkinson Disease: Case Report

BACKGROUND AND IMPORTANCE:Camptocormia is characterized by abnormal flexion of the thoracolumbar spine that increases during upright posture and abates in the recumbent position and has been reported to occur in patients with Parkinson disease. Camptocormia causes significant spinal and abdominal pain, impairment of balance, and social stigma. CLINICAL PRESENTATION:A 57-year-old woman with Parkinson disease developed severe camptocormia, which did not improve with trials of antiparkinsonian and muscle relaxant medications. The patient was successfully treated with bilateral globus pallidus interna deep brain stimulation surgery under general anesthesia. High-frequency neuromodulation afforded relief of camptocormia and improvement in Parkinson disease symptoms. CONCLUSION:Camptocormia in Parkinson disease may represent a form of dystonia and can be treated effectively with chronic pallidal neuromodulation.
The Political Economy of Cross-Scale Networks in Resource Co- Management

We investigate linkages between stakeholders in resource management that occur at different spatial and institutional levels and identify the winners and losers in such interactions. So-called cross- scale interactions emerge because of the benefits to individual stakeholder groups in undertaking them or the high costs of not undertaking them. Hence there are uneven gains from cross-scale interactions that are themselves an integral part of social-ecological system governance. The political economy framework outlined here suggests that the determinants of the emergence of cross-scale interactions are the exercise of relative power between stakeholders and their costs of accessing and creating linkages. Cross-scale interactions by powerful stakeholders have the potential to undermine trust in resource management arrangements. If government regulators, for example, mobilize information and resources from cross-level interactions to reinforce their authority, this often disempowers other stakeholders such as resource users. Offsetting such impacts, some cross-scale interactions can be empowering for local level user groups in creating social and political capital. These issues are illustrated with observations on resource management in a marine protected area in Tobago in the Caribbean. The case study demonstrates that the structure of the cross-scale interplay, in terms of relative winners and losers, determines its contribution to the resilience of social-ecological systems.
French Medical-Administrative Database for Epidemiology and Safety in Ophthalmology (EPISAFE): The EPISAFE Collaboration Program in Cataract Surgery

Medical-administrative databases are an important source of big data to assess the epidemiology of diseases and interventions, compare drugs, and investigate rare adverse events. We describe the French national health insurance system databases and the Epidemiology and Safety (EPISAFE) collaboration program in ophthalmology and illustrate the paper with recent studies that used the databases to investigate cataract surgery. The Système national d'information inter-régime de l'assurance maladie (SNIIR-AM) is one of the largest databases of medical and administrative data for a general population, covering nearly 65 million people. The SNIIR-AM database links data for all outpatient-reimbursed health expenditures, hospitalization in all 1,546 French private or public healthcare facilities, and date of death. The use of this database provides information at the scale of the entire country, allowing measurement of the impact of changes in practices and new guidelines. Between 2009 and 2012, a total of 2,717,203 eyes in 1,817,865 patients underwent cataract surgery in France, and the incidence of cataract surgery increased from 9.86 to 11.08/1,000 person-years. The 4-year cumulative risk of retinal detachment was 0.99%, and patients <60 years of age were at higher risk of retinal detachment. The incidence of pseudophakic cystoid macular edema was 0.95%. From 2005 to 2014, from data including more than 6 million procedures, the incidence of endophthalmitis after cataract surgery decreased from 0.15 to 0.05%. The EPISAFE collaboration program encompasses the key issues facing ophthalmology, including public health and public policy concerning disease incidence and prevalence, safety and adverse event monitoring, and clinical guidelines.
Perceived effectiveness of public sector extension under decentralized agricultural extension system in the Punjab, Pakistan

Agricultural extension is a non-formal type of education that provides advisory services by the use of educational approach in acquiring knowledge and skills to deal with the growing needs of global world. In Pakistan agricultural extension services are being provided by the Extension Field Staff (EFS) of Agriculture department. To up-lift the living standard of rural people, who are nearly about 67% of the whole population, Government has tested so many extension systems but un-fortunately all of them were abolished and terminated one after the other due to multidimensional problems including use of top down approach and ineffective technology transfer mechanism between the researcher, farmer and extension worker. Recently in 2001 Government introduced institutional reforms of Agricultural Extension with the name ‘Devolution of Power Plan’, which is the more advanced form of Decentralization. The decentralization of agricultural extension reforms is being implemented in many developing countries in Asia. To determine the perceived effectiveness of the new system the present research study was designed and conducted in Punjab Province, which is the main agricultural producer in the country. Simple Random Sampling was used for the selection of study respondents. All the EFS working in the district Muzaffargarh of Punjab Province were selected as the respondents of the study. The instrument for the collection of data was a well-designed interview schedule, which was prepared after extensive literature review. The data, thus collected were analyzed with the help of SPSS by using descriptive statistics. The results of present study depicts that among agricultural extension activities undertaken by EFS under decentralized extension system crop production activities were disseminated in very good and ranked as ‘1’. Somewhat different trend was found in crop protection activities as they were disseminated in very good manner having rank order ‘2’. Whereas the post harvest techniques also fell in good category. However, the information’s about marketing were good and average as reported by 28.0% of the respondents for each case, respectively. Activities related to post harvest techniques and marketing were ranked as ‘3’ and ‘4’, respectively. It was concluded that among individual contact methods farm and home visit was perceived as very good having rank ‘1’. Similarly In case of group contact method more than half of the respondents reported that farmer training meetings were used as very good with rank order ‘1’. In mass contact methods only print media fell in the category of ‘good’ having rank order ‘1’ on the basis of their weighted score.
High speed IDDQ test and its testability for process variation

A new high speed IDDQ test method is proposed. It is based on charge current for load capacitances of gates whose output logic values are changed from L to H by test input vector application. In this paper, the testability of the test method is examined for some process variations generated in CMOS IC production.
On the Kinematic Design of Spherical Three-Degree-of- Freedom Parallel Manipulators

This article studies the kinematic design of different types of spherical three-degree-of-freedom parallel manipulators. The mechanical architectures presented have been introduced elsewhere. However designs having at least one isotropic configuration are suggested here for the first time. Isotropic configurations are defined, in turn, as those configurations in which the Jacobian matrix, mapping the angular velocity vec tor of the effector into the joint velocities, is proportional to an orthogonal matrix. First, a review of the direct and inverse kinematics of spherical three-degree-of-freedom parallel ma nipulators is outlined, and a general form for the Jacobian matrix is given. Parallel manipulators with revolute or pris matic actuators are discussed. Then, the concept of kinematic conditioning is recalled and used as a performance index for the optimization of the manipulators. It is shown that this leads to designs having at least one isotropic configuration. Finally, a few examples of such designs are presented.
Biofuels from algae: challenges and potential

Algae biofuels may provide a viable alternative to fossil fuels; however, this technology must overcome a number of hurdles before it can compete in the fuel market and be broadly deployed. These challenges include strain identification and improvement, both in terms of oil productivity and crop protection, nutrient and resource allocation and use, and the production of co-products to improve the economics of the entire system. Although there is much excitement about the potential of algae biofuels, much work is still required in the field. In this article, we attempt to elucidate the major challenges to economic algal biofuels at scale, and improve the focus of the scientific community to address these challenges and move algal biofuels from promise to reality.