Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Dosimetry for interplanetary manned missions

The study of the dosimetric effects of space radiation on astronauts is an important concern of space missions for the exploration of the solar system. To protect the crew, shielding must be designed, the environment must he anticipated and monitored and a warning system must be put in place. A Geant4 simulation has been developed for a first quantitative study of existing vehicle concepts and planet surface habitat designs, and the radiation exposure of crews therein. We will show the results of the dosimetric analysis of proposed shielding solutions in the selected geometrical set-ups, complemented with a critical analysis of the Geant4 tools currently available for this type of studies. This work represents the first approach in the European AURORA programme to estimate quantitatively a crucial issue in the manned exploration of the solar system.
Structural state of newly replicated closed circular simian virus 40 DNA

We have studied the early transition of newly replicated, segregated daughter molecules of simian virus 40 (SV40) into their mature, fully supercoiled state. The DNA of SV40 replicating in African green monkey kidney CV1 cells was chronically labeled with [14C]thymidine and pulse-labeled with [3H]thymidine. The cells were lysed and the viral DNA was isolated. Density gradient centrifugation of viral DNA in cesium chloride revealed that the pulse-labeled, newly synthesized, closed circular supercoiled DNA molecules banded at a slightly higher density (delta sigma = 0.0025) than the chronically labeled DNA, suggesting that the newly completed molecules were in a different structural state. Electrophoresis of DNA in agarose gels at appropriate chloroquine concentrations demonstrated that the mobility of the pulse-labeled closed, superhelical DNA was retarded relative to that of the chronically labeled DNA. These observations indicated that the newly completed SV40 DNA molecules existed in a structural state more relaxed than that of mature DNA by one or two linking numbers.
Lies in the Eye of the Beholder: Asymmetric Beliefs about One’s Own and Others’ Deceptiveness in Mediated and Face-to-Face Communication

This article examines how people’s beliefs about deception in text-based media (i.e., email, instant messenger) and face-to-face communication are distorted by two biases: (a) a self-other asymmetry, whereby people believe themselves to be more honest than their peers across communication contexts; and (b) a media intensification effect, whereby the perceived gap between one’s own and others’ deceptiveness is increased in text-based media, whose affordances (e.g., reduced nonverbal cues) are believed to facilitate deception. We argue that these biases stem from a desire for self-enhancement, or for seeing oneself as good, moral, capable, and impervious to negative media influence. Support for these propositions emerged across a college student sample (Study 1) and a national sample of U.S. adults (Study 2). The results offer a theoretical framework for the distortions in people’s beliefs about mediated deception, and have important practical implications.
Springless cubic harvester for converting three dimensional vibration energy

This paper reports the design, fabrication and measurement of a springless cubic energy harvester. Based on the flexible printed circuits, coils are fabricated onto both sides of the polyimide substrate and then folded to a cubic box, meanwhile sealed a free magnet inside the box. As the coils are folded on three different directions, vibration in all dimensions can cause the change of magnetic flux and the energy is effectively harvested. Output performance of the device is both theoretically and experimentally investigated. Benefit from the springless structure, maximum output is achieved at low frequencies with a wide bandwidth. Moreover, the device can be placed on a backpack or wrist to harvest vibration energy from daily life.
Fundamental Parameters of the Milky Way Galaxy Based on VLBI Astrometry

We present analyses to determine the fundamental parameters of the Galaxy based on VLBI astrometry of 52 Galactic maser sources obtained with VERA, VLBA, and EVN. We model the Galaxy’s structure with a set of parameters, including the Galaxy center distance R0, the angular rotation velocity at the LSR Ω0, the mean peculiar motion of the sources with respect to Galactic rotation (Usrc, Vsrc, Wsrc), the rotation-curve shape index, and the V component of the Solar peculiar motions, Vˇ. Based on a Markov chain Monte-Carlo method, we find that the Galaxy center distance is constrained at a 5% level to be R0 = 8.05 ˙ 0.45 kpc, where the error bar includes both statistical and systematic errors. We also find that the two components of the source peculiar motion Usrc and Wsrc are fairly small compared to the Galactic rotation velocity, being Usrc = 1.0 ˙ 1.5 km s � 1 and Wsrc = � 1.4 ˙ 1.2 km s � 1 . Also, the rotation curve shape is found to be basically flat between Galacto-centric radii of 4 and 13 kpc. On the other hand,
Thickness evaluation of deposited pureb layers in micro-/millimeter-sized windows to Si

Resistance measurement structures are designed for monitoring thickness variations in nanometer-thin pure-boron (PureB) layers deposited on Si for (photo-)diode applications where angstrom-level variations have an impact on performance. In millimeter-large windows a fine resolution is achieved with metal-contact arrays patterned directly on the PureB. For micron-sized windows Kelvin structures provide a sensitive solution.
Renewing the immunological approach to AML treatment: from novel pathways to innovative therapies

Although in the last years major strides have been made in the understanding of the molecular basis of acute myeloid leukemia (AML), these relevant biological advances have had weak, if any, impact on the development of effective therapies for AML patients. Indeed, if the identification of molecular mutations within AML cell population has resulted in better risk-stratification, the vast majority of patients are treated with the same chemotherapy regimens and allogeneic stem cell transplant still represents the only curative option for intermediate and high-risk AML. In this context, increasing interest has gained the role that different cell components of the immune system may have for AML development and growth. In particular, a better knowledge of the mechanisms underlying the ability of AML cells of inducing immunological escape and systemic tolerance has been achieved. Based on these findings, the immunological way to the treatment of AML patients is becoming attractive and promising. The current review offers an overview of the tolerogenic mechanisms and pathways by focusing on those with potential clinical impact for the management of AML patients. Particularly, by moving from the biological significance of the underlying immunological pathways, we will discuss the clinical potential and application of a variety of different strategies, such as immunological checkpoint regulators, inhibitors of small molecules catabolism, i.e. indoleamine 2,3-dyoxigenase, anti-leukemia vaccines, adoptive immunotherapy with chimeric antigen receptor T cells and natural killer cells, monoclonal antibodies, including BiTEs engagers.
Cereolysin: production, purification and partial characterization.

SUMMARY: A method is described for production of the extracellular haemolytic growth-product of Bacillus cereus. The lytic substance, called ‘cereolysin’, can be purified by fractional precipitation with ammonium sulphate, density-gradient electrophoresis and gel filtration. The purified material is a labile protein of molecular weight about 52,000. It has a very high order of haemolytic activity, is lethal for mice, and resembles streptolysin O in being inhibited by cholesterol, but differs from streptolysin O in other respects.
Corporate motivation for integrated management system implementation, why do firms engage in integration of management systems: A literature review & research agenda

Integration of management systems such as for quality, environment, occupational health and safety, risk management, and corporate social responsibilities is a viable organisational approach to cost reduction, efficient utilization of resources, greater motivation of employees, and better compliance to social obligations and stakeholders‘ requirements. Identification of drivers for corporate motivation for IMS decision making and its implementation is a matter of interest for academicians, practitioners, industry, and government regulatory agencies; paradoxically literature on this subject is pretty thin. This paper describes the literature review and research agenda for the exploration of drivers of IMS implementation and factors influencing IMS implementation. The exploratory research is meant to be executed by an inductive approach through case studies in Pakistani manufacturing firms.
Financial Performance Evaluation of Product Innovation by High-Tech Enterprises

To achieve sustainable development of high standards high efficiency, high-tech enterprises must continuously improve their product innovation ability which is the key of enterprise innovation. This paper constructs a set of index system for evaluating the financial performance for product innovation for high-tech enterprises. Through the evaluation model some proposals are argued for such enterprises to better control their new product development. Keywords-high-tech enterprises; product innovation; performance evaluation; evaluation index system
A Systematic Review of the Peripheral Analgesic Effects of Intraarticular Morphine

The analgesic effects of intraarticular morphine are controversial. To systematically evaluate the effects, we performed a review of the literature and a metaanalysis of the peripheral effects of morphine injected intraarticularly. Research databases were searched to identify articles in which peripheral analgesic effects of morphine were studied in patients undergoing arthroscopic knee procedures under local, regional, or general anesthesia. The review was performed on three issues: does morphine injected intraarticularly produce analgesia, is it a dose-dependent effect, and, if so, is the effect systemic or mediated via peripheral opioid receptors? Visual analog score (VAS) and analgesic consumption were studied during the early phase (0–2 h), intermediate phase (2–6 h), and late phase (6–24 h) postoperatively after injection of morphine intraarticularly. Metaanalysis of these effect variables was performed by the weighted-analysis technique, and the essential homogeneity assumption was tested by the &khgr;2 test. Forty-five articles could be identified in which the effects of morphine were studied in a prospective, randomized manner, and 32 of these studies included a placebo control. Pooled analyses of data from 19 studies suitable for metaanalysis showed an improvement in analgesia after morphine compared with placebo in the order of 12–17 mm on the VAS during all three phases of treatment. Studies with high quality scores showed somewhat smaller improvements. Total analgesic consumption could not be analyzed statistically, but the number of studies showing decreased analgesic consumption or no differences between groups was identical (six and six). No clear dose-response effect was seen when VAS was used as a measure of pain, but it was seen when area under the curve was used as a measure of pain. A systemic effect of peripherally-injected morphine was not possible to exclude because of the very limited data available. We conclude from this metaanalysis that intraarticularly administered morphine has a definite but mild analgesic effect. It may be dose dependent, and a systemic effect cannot be completely excluded.
Caregiving at the end of life: Perspectives from spousal caregivers and care recipients

Objective: The purpose of this study is to examine the perspectives of both the spousal caregiver and care recipient on the caregiving experience in home-based palliative care. Methods: A qualitative research strategy involving home-based face-to-face interviews with older palliative care patients and their spousal caregivers was used to examine the caregiving experience. Results: Ten spousal caregivers and care recipient dyads participated in the study. Most informal caregivers viewed caregiving as an extension of the family relationship where caregiving responsibilities evolved over time. Spousal caregivers identified many negative reactions to caregiving, such as fatigue or weariness, depression, anger and sadness, financial stresses, and lack of time. Care recipients acknowledged the emotional and financial strain and expressed concern for their spouses. Both caregivers and care recipients were appreciative of home care services although they identified the need for additional services. They also identified difficulties in communication with formal providers and poor coordination of care among the various services. Both caregivers and care recipients disclosed some challenges with informal supports, but on the whole felt that their presence was positive. Additional positive aspects of caregiving reported by spouses included strengthened relationship with their spouse and discovering emotional strength and physical abilities in managing care. Significance of results: Health care and social service professionals need to recognize and understand both caregiver and care recipient perspectives if they are to successfully meet the needs of both members of the dyad.
Transcriptional Regulation of the Astrocytic Excitatory Amino Acid Transporter 1 (EAAT1) via NF-κB and Yin Yang 1 (YY1)*

Background: The mechanism for transcriptional regulation of EAAT1 remains to be elucidated. Results: EGF-activated NF-κB is a positive regulator of EAAT1, whereas manganese-activated YY1, with HDACs acting as co-repressors, is a negative regulator. Conclusion: NF-κB and YY1 are two critical transcriptional regulators of EAAT1. Significance: Identifying the molecular targets of EAAT1 regulation is crucial to develop therapeutics against neurological disorders associated with impairment of EAAT1. Astrocytic glutamate transporter excitatory amino acid transporter (EAAT) 1, also known as glutamate aspartate transporter (GLAST) in rodents, is one of two glial glutamate transporters that are responsible for removing excess glutamate from synaptic clefts to prevent excitotoxic neuronal death. Despite its important role in neurophysiological functions, the molecular mechanisms of EAAT1 regulation at the transcriptional level remain to be established. Here, we report that NF-κB is a main positive transcription factor for EAAT1, supported by the following: 1) EAAT1 contains two consensus sites for NF-κB, 2) mutation of NF-κB binding sites decreased EAAT1 promoter activity, and 3) activation of NF-κB increased, whereas inhibition of NF-κB decreased EAAT1 promoter activity and mRNA/protein levels. EGF increased EAAT1 mRNA/protein levels and glutamate uptake via NF-κB. The transcription factor yin yang 1 (YY1) plays a role as a critical negative regulator of EAAT1, supported by the following: 1) the EAAT1 promoter contains multiple consensus sites for YY1, 2) overexpression of YY1 decreased EAAT1 promoter activity and mRNA/protein levels, and 3) knockdown of YY1 increased EAAT1 promoter activity and mRNA/protein levels. Manganese decreased EAAT1 expression via YY1. Epigenetic modifiers histone deacetylases (HDACs) served as co-repressors of YY1 to further decrease EAAT1 promoter activity, whereas inhibition of HDACs reversed manganese-induced decrease of EAAT1 expression. Taken together, our findings suggest that NF-κB is a critical positive regulator of EAAT1, mediating the stimulatory effects of EGF, whereas YY1 is a negative regulator of EAAT1 with HDACs as co-repressors, mediating the inhibitory effects of manganese on EAAT1 regulation.
Impact of bending speed and setup on flex cracks in multilayer ceramic capacitors

A comparison of bending speed and experimental setups using 3-point or 4-point bending for introduction of flex cracks into multilayer ceramic capacitors (MLCCs) in a controlled manner is presented. The impact of bending speed and corresponding strain rates on the formed flex cracks detected by X-ray imaging and optical microscopy images of cross-sectioned MLCCs are examined. Furthermore, the critical strain levels of cracked MLCCs mounted in different orientations as compared to the applied strain are compared for quick and standard bending as well as for a 3-point and 4-point bending test setup.
White coat hypertension: relevance to clinical and emergency medical services personnel.

CONTEXT White-coat hypertension (WCHT) is a relatively unexplored cause of elevated blood pressure readings in the clinic and in prehospital emergency medical services (EMS) settings. OBJECTIVE The purpose is to summarize WCHT in the clinical office setting and speculate on its relevance in the prehospital setting. This review emphasizes the etiology, diagnosis, prognosis, and application of WCHT in both the clinical and prehospital settings. DATA SOURCES A systematic literature review was undertaken with the Medline PubMed database, UpToDate, and Web of Science. The following search queries were used: "prehospital WCHT, " " prehospital white coat hypertension, " "EMS WCHT, " " emergency medical services white coat hypertension, " " ambulatory WCHT, " " ambulatory white coat hypertension, " " labile HTN, " " labile hypertension, " " variable HTN, " and " variable hypertension " limited to 1980-July 2006. Only human studies published in English were included. STUDY SELECTION The reviews yielded 233 articles initially, which were narrowed down to those mentioned herein by direct relevance to either the observed WCHT effect in the clinic or the prehospital setting. DATA SYNTHESIS WCHT has not been applied or explored in the prehospital setting as of yet, and thus all data were shown to be related to clinical WCHT. It was found that WCHT may not be simply a benign entity but rather part of a continuum in the development of true essential hypertension. It was found that WCHT patients, when followed, had higher morbidity than non-WCHT patients but less morbidity than established essential hypertensive patients. CONCLUSIONS WCHT may be a significant step toward the evolution into full-blown hypertension. For many populations, routine access to a healthcare provider is not possible, and thus their only interaction with healthcare providers may be in the prehospital EMS setting. On the basis of findings of true organic morbidity in WCHT, it comes to reason that contact with patients in the setting should be thorough--including urging follow-up for those whose blood pressure is found to be elevated in the presence of healthcare professionals.
University of Minnesota Econometrics “ Cross-Validation for Optimal and Reproducible Statistical Learning ” Seminar

While there are variousmodel selectionmethods, an unanswered but important question is how to select one of them for data at hand. The difficulty is due to that the targeted behaviors of the model selection procedures depend heavily on uncheckable or difficult-to-check assumptions on the data generating process. Fortunately, cross-validation (CV) provides a general tool to solve this problem. In this work, results are provided on how to apply CV to consistently choose the best method, yielding new insights and guidance for potentially vast amount of application. In addition, we address several seemingly widely spread misconceptions on CV. © 2015 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
Dissection of a surface‐exposed portion of the cAMP–CRP complex that mediates transcription activation and repression

The Escherichia coli cAMP receptor protein (CRP) is essential for the activation and repression of transcription initiation at promoters in the CytR regulon. CRP performs these activities by making direct protein–protein interactions to the α‐subunits of RNA polymerase and to the CytR regulator. Strikingly, it has been shown that amino acids of CRP that are critical for communication with the two partner proteins are located in close proximity on the surface of CRP. Here, we have dissected this surface in order to pinpoint the ‘repression region’ of CRP and to assess whether it overlaps with the characterized ‘activating region’. Our results established that residues 12, 13, 17, 105, 108 and 110 are essential for the interaction with CytR and confirmed that ‘activating region’ 2 of CRP is made up of residues 19, 21 and 101. In the crystallographic structure of the CRP–DNA complex, the two sets of determinants are located immediately adjacent to each other forming a consecutive surface‐exposed patch. The ‘repression region’ is chemically complementary to the characterized region on CytR that is essential for protein–protein communication to CRP. Moreover, the results provide insight into the mechanism by which CytR might prevent CRP‐mediated transcription.
Model of power soft MnZn ferrites, including temperature effects

This paper describes a model for simulating the behavior of soft MnZn. This model takes into account both hysteresis and dynamic phenomena. The temperature is introduced using behavioral laws. In fact, the following model requires only few parameters. It estimates iron losses and characteristics, such as B(H), /spl phi/(t), and the induced electromotive force. The obtained results are compared with measured data for three soft MnZn ferrites currently used in power electronics. The comparison found good agreement in a wide range of operating frequencies for temperatures ranging from 40 to 140/spl deg/C.
Blinding: an essential component in decreasing risk of bias in experimental designs

Blinding (or masking) is the process used in experimental research by which study participants, persons caring for the participants, persons providing the intervention, data collectors and data analysts are kept unaware of group assignment (control vs intervention). Blinding aims to reduce the risk of bias that can be caused by an awareness of group assignment. With blinding, outcomes can be attributed to the intervention itself and not influenced by behaviour or assessment of outcomes that can result purely from knowledge of group allocation. Lack of blinding in randomised controlled trials (RCTs) has been shown to be associated with more exaggerated estimated intervention effects, by 9% on average.1 Studies with subjective outcomes are more likely to show these exaggerated estimates.2 In a systematic review of 250 RCTs, researchers observed a significant difference in the size of the estimated treatment effect between trials that reported ‘double-blinding’ compared with those that did not (p=0.01), with an overall OR 17% larger in studies that did not report blinding.3 In addition, studies are often simply described as ‘blind’ or ‘double-blind’ and do not specify who was blinded,4 which means blinding of one …