Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
OCCER- One-Class Classification by Ensembles of Regression models

One-class classification (OCC) deals with the classification problem in which the training data has data points belonging to target class only. In this paper, we present a one-class classification algorithm; One-Class Classification by Ensembles of Regression models (OCCER) that uses regression methods to address OCC problems. The OCCEM algorithm coverts a OCC problem into many regression problems in the original feature space such that each feature of the original feature space is used as the target variable in one of the regression problems. Other features are used as the variables on which the dependent variable is depend upon. The errors of regression of a data point by all the regression models are used to compute the outlier score of the data point. An extensive comparison of the OCCER to the state-of-the-art OCC algorithms on several datasets was carried out to show the effectiveness of the proposed approach. We also show that OCCER algorithm can work well with the latent feature space created by autoencoders for image datasets. The implementation of OCCER is available at this https URL.
Power Efficient IRS-Assisted NOMA

In this paper, we propose a downlink multiple-input single-output (MISO) transmission scheme, which is assisted by an intelligent reflecting surface (IRS) consisting of a large number of passive reflecting elements. In the literature, it has been proved that nonorthogonal multiple access (NOMA) can achieve the same performance as computationally complex dirty paper coding, where the quasi-degradation condition is satisfied, conditioned on the users’ channels fall in the quasi-degradation region. However, in a conventional communication scenario, it is difficult to guarantee the quasi-degradation, because the channels are determined by the propagation environments and cannot be reconfigured. To overcome this difficulty, we focus on an IRS-assisted MISO NOMA system, where the wireless channels can be effectively tuned. We optimize the beamforming vectors and the IRS phase shift matrix for minimizing transmission power. Furthermore, we propose an improved quasi-degradation condition by using IRS, which can ensure that NOMA achieves the capacity region with high possibility. For a comparison, we study zero-forcing beamforming (ZFBF) as well, where the beamforming vectors and the IRS phase shift matrix are also jointly optimized. Comparing NOMA with ZFBF, it is shown that, with the same IRS phase shift matrix and the improved quasi-degradation condition, NOMA always outperforms ZFBF. At the same time, we identify the condition under which ZFBF outperforms NOMA, which motivates the proposed hybrid NOMA transmission. Simulation results show that the proposed IRS-assisted MISO system outperforms the MISO case without IRS, and the hybrid NOMA transmission scheme always achieves better performance than orthogonal multiple access.
Sveriges lantbruksuniversitet Fakulteten för Veterinärmedicin och husdjursvetenskap Institutionen för Kliniska Vetenskaper Behavioral studies in healthy Standardbred Trotters subjected to short term forced recumbency aiming at an adjunctive treatment in an acute attack of laminitis

Laminitis is a debilitating disease causing much suffering to horses and ponies all over the world. It is manifested in the hooves as a mechanical failure of the suspensory apparatus between the hoof capsule and the distal phalanx. Due to the weight of the horse the disease may result in a dislocation of third phalanx. Six healthy standardbred trotters were used in this study on whether standardbreds tolerate forced recumbency as well as Shetland ponies. Recumbency was induced pharmacologically but maintained only by lowering the ceiling height of the box to a height of approximately 125 – 140 % of the horse´s thoracic height. Behavior and bodily functions were observed and recorded during and after the study periods of up to two days. Blood was sampled for serum analyses of CK and ASAT to detect muscle tissue damage. The results of this study indicate that the increased body weight of Standardbred Trotters when compared to Shetland ponies does not have a negative effect on bodily functions during a limited period of recumbency. All horses accepted the treatment well and no adverse effects were seen during or after the study.
The Equivalent Constant-Elasticity-of-Variance (CEV) Volatility of the Stochastic-Alpha-Beta-Rho (SABR) Model

This study presents new analytic approximations of the stochastic-alpha-beta-rho (SABR) model. Unlike existing studies that focus on the equivalent Black-Scholes (BS) volatility, we instead derive the equivalent volatility under the constant-elasticity-of-variance (CEV) model, which is the limit of the SABR model when the volatility of volatility approaches 0. Numerical examples demonstrate the accuracy of the CEV volatility approximation for a wide range of parameters. Moreover, in our approach, arbitrage occurs at a lower strike price than in existing BS-based approximations.
Parameter Free Clustering with Cluster Catch Digraphs (Technical Report)

We propose clustering algorithms based on a recently developed geometric digraph family called cluster catch digraphs (CCDs). These digraphs are used to devise clustering methods that are hybrids of density-based and graph-based clustering methods. CCDs are appealing digraphs for clustering, since they estimate the number of clusters; however, CCDs (and density-based methods in general) require some information on a parameter representing the \emph{intensity} of assumed clusters in the data set. We propose algorithms that are parameter free versions of the CCD algorithm and does not require a specification of the intensity parameter whose choice is often critical in finding an optimal partitioning of the data set. We estimate the number of convex clusters by borrowing a tool from spatial data analysis, namely Ripley's $K$ function. We call our new digraphs utilizing the $K$ function as RK-CCDs. We show that the minimum dominating sets of RK-CCDs estimate and distinguish the clusters from noise clusters in a data set, and hence allow the estimation of the correct number of clusters. Our robust clustering algorithms are comprised of methods that estimate both the number of clusters and the intensity parameter, making them completely parameter free. We conduct Monte Carlo simulations and use real life data sets to compare RK-CCDs with some commonly used density-based and prototype-based clustering methods.
The role of motile cilia in the development and physiology of the nervous system

Motile cilia are miniature, whip-like organelles whose beating generates a directional fluid flow. The flow generated by ciliated epithelia is a subject of great interest, as defective ciliary motility results in severe human diseases called motile ciliopathies. Despite the abundance of motile cilia in diverse organs including the nervous system, their role in organ development and homeostasis remains poorly understood. Recently, much progress has been made regarding the identity of motile ciliated cells and the role of motile-cilia-mediated flow in the development and physiology of the nervous system. In this review, we will discuss these recent advances from sensory organs, specifically the nose and the ear, to the spinal cord and brain ventricles. This article is part of the Theo Murphy meeting issue ‘Unity and diversity of cilia in locomotion and transport’.
Neuronal coordination of motile cilia in locomotion and feeding

Efficient ciliary locomotion and transport require the coordination of motile cilia. Short-range coordination of ciliary beats can occur by biophysical mechanisms. Long-range coordination across large or disjointed ciliated fields often requires nervous system control and innervation of ciliated cells by ciliomotor neurons. The neuronal control of cilia is best understood in invertebrate ciliated microswimmers, but similar mechanisms may operate in the vertebrate body. Here, we review how the study of aquatic invertebrates contributed to our understanding of the neuronal control of cilia. We summarize the anatomy of ciliomotor systems and the physiological mechanisms that can alter ciliary activity. We also discuss the most well-characterized ciliomotor system, that of the larval annelid Platynereis. Here, pacemaker neurons drive the rhythmic activation of cholinergic and serotonergic ciliomotor neurons to induce ciliary arrests and beating. The Platynereis ciliomotor neurons form a distinct part of the larval nervous system. Similar ciliomotor systems likely operate in other ciliated larvae, such as mollusc veligers. We discuss the possible ancestry and conservation of ciliomotor circuits and highlight how comparative experimental approaches could contribute to a better understanding of the evolution and function of ciliary systems. This article is part of the Theo Murphy meeting issue ‘Unity and diversity of cilia in locomotion and transport’.
Chemosensing versus mechanosensing in nodal and Kupffer's vesicle cilia and in other left–right organizer organs

How is sensing carried out by cilia in the mouse node, zebrafish Kupffer's vesicle and similar left–right (LR) organizer organs in other species? Two possibilities have been put forward. In the former, cilia would detect some chemical species in the fluid; in the latter, they would detect fluid flow. In either case, the hypothesis is that an imbalance would be detected between this signalling coming from cilia on the left and right sides of the organizer, which would initiate a cascade of signals leading ultimately to the breaking of LR symmetry in the developing body plan of the organism. We review the evidence for both hypotheses. This article is part of the Theo Murphy meeting issue ‘Unity and diversity of cilia in locomotion and transport’.
Force Myography across Socket Material

52 ABSTRACT Introduction: Force myography (FMG) sensors were tested for responsiveness in application to prosthetic detection when the skin's surface is obscured by socket lining materials. Materials and Methods: FMG data were collected from 30 healthy volunteers performing repeated tasks with the upper limb (fist clench, wrist flexion) while wearing a one-ply stockinet (“Sock”), a gel prosthetic liner (“Gel”), and without material (“Null”; comparator control). Two sensors recorded activity of the flexor digitorum profundus: one sensor making contact with the skin (“Near” sensor) and the other sensor placed immediately on top of the material (“Far” sensor). In the null condition, the sensors rested on top of one another. Results: The signal from the Near sensor was 20% to 40% more intense than that of the Far sensor; however, the waveform shape was highly concordant (ρ > 0.985 in all conditions), capturing many of the same nuances inmuscle shape change. Exploratory analysis of grasp classification revealed a less than 5% false-positive rate in recognition of grasp activity. Conclusions:We conclude that FMG shows promise as an approach for prosthetic detection in a wider variety of settings than previously thought. (J Prosthet Orthot. 2020;32:52–58)
The Effect of Prolotherapy for Osteoarthritis of the Knee

Objective: To evaluate the effects of dextrose prolotherapy on knee osteoarthritis. Method: The patient population consisted of 20 individuals with knee osteoarthritis. Patients have suffered from knee pain for six months or more along with Kellgren's grade 2 or more radiographical change in knee compartment. They were injected monthly with 15% and 25% dextrose on knee joints for 4 months. The outcome was measured by visual analogue scale (VAS) for pain, pain rating score, and WOMAC osteoarthritis index at a month after 4th injection. Results: Seventeen of the 20 patients achieved significant diminution of pain or disability scores after dextrose prolotherapy compared with pre-treatment status. There were significant reductions in VAS score, pain rating score, and WOMAC osteoarthritis index after dextrose injection (p
Demographics and Outcomes of Spine Surgery in Octogenarians and Nonagenarians: A Comparison of the National Inpatient Sample, MarketScan and National Surgical Quality Improvement Program Databases

Introduction Despite the increasing use of national databases to conduct spine research, questions remain regarding their study validity and consistency. This study tested for similarity and inter-database reliability in reported measures between three commonly used national databases. Methods International Classification of Diseases, 9th edition (ICD-9) codes were used to identify elderly (80-100 years) who underwent spine surgery patients in Truven Health Analytics MarketScan® claims database, National (Nationwide) Inpatient Sample (NIS) discharge database and National Surgical Quality Improvement Program (NSQIP) database (2006-2016). Patient baseline characteristics, comorbid status, insurance enrollment, and outcomes were queried and compared. Results We analyzed 15,105 MarketScan, 40,854 NIS, and 7682 NSQIP patients between ages 80 to 100 years (median, 82 years) who underwent spine surgeries during the study period. A majority of patients in both MarketScan and NIS were insured by Medicare (97% vs. 94%). Patients in MarketScan had lower comorbidity scores (comorbidity, 0-2) compared to those in NIS and NSQIP databases. The most common diagnosis was spinal stenosis in MarketScan (54.4%), NIS (54.6%), and NSQIP databases (65.2%). Fusion was the most common procedure performed in MarketScan (48.9%) and NIS databases (46.2%), whereas decompression (laminectomy/laminotomy) was the most common procedure in the NSQIP database (51.84%). In-hospital complications (any) were 6.5% in the MarketScan cohort, 5.3% in the NIS, and 2.02% in the NSQIP cohort. In terms of 30-day complications (any), the MarketScan database reported higher complications rate (12.7%) compared to the NSQIP database (5.08%). In-hospital mortality was slightly higher in the NIS database (0.32%) compared to MarketScan (0.21%) and NSQIP database (0.2%). MarketScan and NIS databases showed an increased risk of complications with increasing age, whereas NIS and NSQIP showed increasing complications with a higher number of comorbidities. Male gender had higher complication at 30-day post-discharge using MarketScan and NSQIP database. Conclusions Patients in the NSQIP and NIS database have more comorbidities; patients in the MarketScan database had the highest number of perioperative and 30-day post-discharge complications with the highest number of fusion procedures performed. Patients in the NSQIP database had the lowest number of fusion procedures and complication rates. As databases gain popularity in spine surgery, clinicians and reviewers should be cautious in generalizing results to whole populations and pay close attention to the population being represented by the data from which the statistical significance was derived.
Shrews (Soricidae) of the lowland forests around Kisangani (DR Congo)

Abstract Background The Congo Basin rainforest is the second largest rainforest in the world and one of the most biodiverse regions on Earth. Nevertheless, the Congo Basin biodiversity remains to be fully mapped, with many species awaiting discovery or official description. In recent years, much effort has been put into research on shrews (Soricidae), particularly in the region around Kisangani (D.R. Congo). Shrews are opportunistic feeders that are able to forage on a large diversity of invertebrate prey and therefore play an important role in the forest ecosystem. Furthermore, as they largely depend on forest habitats and have limited dispersal capacities, shrews form an interesting model group to study biogeographic patterns in the Congo Basin. New information This paper collates the efforts on shrew research from the wider region around Kisangani, in the centre of the Congo Basin. Apart from sampling information, the dataset includes morphological measures, DNA sequences and photographs. This dataset is therefore critical in the study of the taxonomy and ecology of Soricidae in the Congo Basin lowland rainforests.
Antioxidant and the Dwarfing Candidate Gene of “Nantongxiaofangshi” (Diospyros kaki Thunb.)

The aims of this work were to identify genes related to dwarfing for subsequent dwarfing-related research in persimmon and evaluate the relationship between antioxidant activity, dwarf, and hormones of persimmon trees for analyzing the possible dwarf mechanism oxidation factors. In the present study, a transcriptome analysis of "Nantongxiaofangshi" was used to identify and clone 22 candidate genes related to gibberellin signal transduction pathways and synthetic pathway. The expression of these genes was assessed in two persimmon cultivars, "Dafangshi" and "Nantongxiaofangshi," by RT-qPCR at different phenological stages and in response to the exogenous application of GA3 (GA treatment) and PAZ (paclobutrazol, a plant growth inhibitor, also called PP333). The results revealed differential expression of 14 of these 22 genes in the two varieties. Subsequently, endogenous hormone levels were assessed of the two varieties, along with the number of internodes and internode length. The results suggested that the persimmon could be used as a valuable and powerful natural candidate for providing information on the functional role of dwarfing.
International Approaches to Treating Intravenous Drug Users in Outpatient Parenteral Antibiotic Services

IntroductionThe use of outpatient parenteral antibiotic therapy (OPAT) in intravenous drug–using (IVDU) patients remains controversial. It is currently unknown what the approaches and outcomes are of treating IVDU patients in OPAT services from around the world. We conducted an international survey to gain a better understanding of this issue. MethodsA survey was conducted using an online survey program from May to October 2010 to OPAT centers from around the world. This survey addressed a range of issues including the following: the approach of health institutions on the treatment of IVDU patients requiring prolonged parenteral antibiotics, the outcomes of IVDU patients treated with OPAT, and the providers’ concerns and views on this form of therapy. The results were collated as a whole and also divided into geographical groups to compare responses internationally. ResultsSixty-four OPAT centers from Australia, New Zealand, Asia, North America, United Kingdom, and Europe participated in this survey. Most of the responding centers (84.4%) stated they treat patients with a history of IVDU, and a significant proportion (44.2%) use peripherally inserted central catheters. Despite some concerns, most responders (84%) believe that the use of OPAT in IVDU patients is beneficial and outweighs the risks with little interregional variation in this approach and opinion. ConclusionsDespite some limitations to survey distribution, we feel that these findings are important and unique. They show that, around the world, OPAT centers are treating IVDU patients with acceptable outcomes. Moreover, this form of therapy is increasingly regarded as a beneficial and a preferred treatment option in this significant group of patients.
Hormone receptor and HER2 assessment in breast carcinoma metastatic to bone: A comparison between FNA cell blocks and decalcified core needle biopsies

Estrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PR), and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) immunohistochemistry (IHC) guide the clinical management of breast cancer metastases. Decalcification of bone core needle biopsies (CNBs) can affect IHC. In the current study, the authors sought to define whether fine‐needle aspiration (FNA) would be a better alternative to CNB for reliable IHC.
Routine management of postoperative delirium outside the ICU: Results of an international survey among anaesthesiologists

Postoperative delirium (POD) is a severe brain dysfunction. Although data indicate a high relevance, no survey has investigated the routine practice to monitor delirium outside the ICU setting after surgery. Prior to publishing of the new European Society of Anaesthesiology (ESA) guidelines on POD, an international survey was conducted to assess current practice.
Selegiline Transdermal System for the Treatment of Major Depression

of monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs) in the treatment of depression. This dopaminergic, noradrenergic, and serotonergic antidepressant class may be of particular value in the treatment of atypical depression, where it has demonstrated superior efficacy to tricyclics. Three MAOIs (isocarboxazid, phenelzine, and tranylcypromine) have long been approved in the United States for the treatment of depression. They irreversibly inhibit both forms of the monoamine oxidase enzyme: MAO-A and MAO-B. Their widespread use, however, has been limited by the need for strict dietary restrictions. In February 2006, the FDA approved the selegiline transdermal system (STS) (Emsam, Bristol-Myers Squibb) for the treatment of major depressive disorder (MDD). The agent, the first antidepressant patch, delivers selegiline transdermally and at the starting and potentially therapeutic dose of 6 mg/24 h can be used without dietary restrictions. This article will: • Describe the rationale for the development of STS;
BJRD15405 1..17

1STEPHANIE R MCKEOWN, MA, PhD, 2PAUL HATFIELD, FRCR, PhD, 2ROBIN JD PRESTWICH, FRCR, PhD, 3RICHARD E SHAFFER, MRCP, FRCR and 4ROGER E TAYLOR, FRCP, FRCR School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Ulster, Coleraine, UK Leeds Cancer Centre, St James’s University Hospital, Leeds, UK St Luke’s Cancer Centre, Royal Surrey County Hospital, Guildford, UK College of Medicine, Swansea University, South West Cancer Centre, Swansea, UK
Unique Large-Scale Wave Basins for NEES Collaborative Research

Under the Network for Earthquake Engineering Simulation (NEES) program at the National Science Foundation, the multidirectional (3-D) wave basin at Oregon State University is expanded to create a unique large-scale experimental testing facility for tsunami hazard mitigation research. When completed in 2004, this 3-D basin, together with the other existing directional (2-D) and circular wave basins, will support high resolution, unprecedented-scale experiments with very dense instrumentation. The facilities will provide earthquake engineering and tsunami researchers with critical means to test and validate advanced analytical and numerical models such as models for tsunami inundation, impact forces, fluid-soil-structure interactions, and submarine landslides. Detailed descriptions of the three large-scale wave basins, as well as potential research programs to be performed are discussed.
DDDT_A_204787 2343..2355

Yanfei Wei* Beibei Lv* Jinling Xie* Yuan Zhang Yuning Lin Shengshan Wang Jing Zhong Yongxin Chen Yue Peng Jing Ma 1Department of Physiology, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, Guangxi 530200, People’s Republic of China; 2Medical Science Experimental Center, Guangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanning, Guangxi 530200, People’s Republic of China; 3Department of State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology and College of Pharmacy, Nankai University, Tianjin 710032, People’s Republic of China
Psychosocial Aspects of Cancer in Hospitalized Adult Patients in Romania

This is the first extensive interdisciplinary research in Romania focusing on psychosocial aspects of hospitalized adult cancer patients that includes data from a multi-center questionnaire screening and multivariate analysis. According to the tumor location, our mixed sample includes 420 adult oncology patients, 342 with malignant and 78 with benign tumors. Results show that in our sample 16.9% of cancer patients are not aware of their oncologic diagnosis, 47.5% are clinically depressed, 46.7% experience anxiety disorders and 28.1% report low quality of life. Based on our results, we propose the routine use of self-administered questionnaires for better identification of psychosocial needs. 2013 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd. Selection and peer review under the responsibility of Prof. Dr. Kobus Maree, University of Pretoria, South Africa.