Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Emotion Reactivity and Regulation A Developmental Model of Links between Temperament and Personality

A 2-year-old boy, Bobby, sits on his mother’s lap in the laboratory patiently waiting for the next “game” to start. He just finished playing with a basket full of toys with his mother, so today has been a pretty good visit to the lab so far. Across the room from Bobby and his mother stands a small puppet theater. After a short delay, two animal puppets appear, greet each other, and introduce themselves to Bobby. The puppets want Bobby to join them in their fun games. As is typical for most 2-year-olds, Bobby sits and watches the puppets interact. However, as the puppets continue, he does not warm up and approach to play with the puppets. Instead, Bobby is frozen on his mother’s lap and becomes increasingly nervous, showing signs of muscle tension and mildly fearful facial expressions. Bobby strongly resists his mother’s efforts to get him to approach. He becomes fussy, cries, and clings to her when she attempts to put him down so he can go get a sticker from the puppets. He never warms up, which is an extreme response relative to most 2-year-olds. The rest of the visit to the laboratory is very stressful for Bobby, and this pattern of fearful, avoidant, and distress behavior is repeated across most of the tasks, including interactions with friendly strangers and novel objects (e.g., large mechanical spider). Bobby’s pattern of fearful behavior and avoidance is particularly interesting because it is highly stable, as is evident when he returns to the laboratory at age 5 to interact with unfamiliar people. For instance, when interacting with an unfamiliar male research assistant, Bobby is very hesitant to speak, speaks very quietly, fails to make eye contact, and even turns his back to the stranger during the conversation. In another stranger encounter later in the visit, Bobby is so afraid of a female research assistant trying on a Halloween mask that he leaves the room. His behavior with unfamiliar peers in the laboratory is equally stressful for him. He spends most of the time either sitting by himself (while the other boys play) or stands across the room and watches them play but remains unoccupied and appears anxious. Reflecting the behavioral descriptions, Bobby’s parents and teachers also rate him very high on wariness, avoidance, and social anxiety measures in preschool and kindergarten. He and his mother both note that he is still very socially C H A P T E R 6
Design of Web-based Laboratory Virtual Tour 360 o Application

The laboratory has an important role and function in supporting the learning process. In addition to its main role as a learning facility, the laboratory is also one of the benchmarks that reflect the identity of the institution. Unfortunately, there are still many institutions that have complete laboratory facilities but are not known by the public. Therefore, it is necessary to have a system that able to publish laboratory facilities attractively and easily accessible. This research proposes a design of web-based laboratory virtual tour 360o application as an appropriate solution to provide an interesting and communicative publication media. Utilization of web-based applications can be a medium of publication as well as practical promotions that can be accessed widely whenever and wherever without depending on space and time. With the introduction of laboratory facilities by the wider community, the identity and credibility of the institution becomes well known. Keywords—laboratory; virtual tour; 360o; web; publishing
of the Thirty Seventh Spring Conference of the Union of Bulgarian Mathematicians Borovetz , April 2 – 6 , 2008 CONSISTENCY OF THE kth NEAREST NEIGHBOR ESTIMATOR OF THE RELATIVE RISK AND ITS APPLICATION TO INJURY SURVEILLANCE

The relative risk function is defined as the ratio of two probability density functions, usually cases to controls, at a fixed point. The nonparametric k-th nearest neighbor (kNN) approach is used for the density estimation. The kNN relative risk estimator at a fixed location is shown to be asymptotically consistent. An application of the kNN relative risk estimator to injury surveillance is discussed.
Desertification in Mongolia

In addition to climatic factors there are several specific human activities that have led to serious and widespread desertification in Mongolia. Animal husbandry, especially in the arid and semi-arid regions, is considered as the most essential human induced factor affecting desertification risk in Mongolia. It is an important cause of soil erosion. Grazing pressure is greatest near settlements and water sources. The carrying capacity of pasture land is frequently exceeded in the areas receiving the greatest grazing pressure, resulting in degradation of the composition of plant species and soil denudation. Taking into account the long-term experience of pastoralism, several important conclusions are drawn, including the applicability of the “Clementsian Succession Theory” to Mongolian conditions. The crop cultivation is an important cause of desertification, particularly soil erosion, because spring tilling coincides with the season of intensive wind. Most of the cultivated areas are devoid of trees or other windbreaks. It is estimated that over the past 30 years about 35–50 tons of soil have been lost from each hectare of cultivated land due to wind erosion alone. Half of all cultivated land in Mongolia is considered to be degraded to some degree of erosion. The annual fluctuation and slow increase in per-hectare crop yields observed over the last four decades verify this conclusion. Another factor is deforestation. Most timber harvesting is carried out by clear-cutting. Generally located on sloped or steep terrain, deforested areas as well as vehicle tracks are particularly subjected to water erosion. It is estimated that nationwide there are four times as many vehicle tracks as are necessary to ensure access. Mining and inadequate waste management is also serious factors of land degradation. The development of strip mines, as well as the deposition of overburden spoils and tailings all degrade land resources. Domestic and industrial waste is currently deposited on the soil surface in unnecessarily large, designated dumping sites on the outskirts of cities and towns.
Micro-Grid Simulation during Grid-Connected and Islanded Modes of Operation

Technology evolution, environmental concerns associated with central electric power plants and deregulation of the electric utility industry are providing the opportunity for small distributed generators to become very important in order to satisfy the on – site customer expanding power demand. In this paper, the steady state and transient operation of a typical microgrid are studied. The models of two dispersed generation units (photovoltaic system, wind turbine) are presented. Models of the power electronics interface and control strategies for fast control of frequency and voltage magnitude without communication are derived.
Comparison of emergence characteristics of sevoflurane and desflurane in adult patients

BACKGROUND: The aim of the study is to compare and analyse the emergence characteristics of sevoflurane and desflurane in longer duration surgeries (lasting ≥ 2 hours). METHODS: 92 patients of age 18-60 years belonging to ASA I & II undergoing general anesthesia were randomly allocated into the two groups, to receive either sevoflurane (N=46) or desflurane (N=46) during the maintenance period. Assessment include eye opening, time to extubation, responding to commands and orientation after discontinuing the agent. Intermediate recovery was assessed by using modified Aldrete score. The cognitive function assessed by mini mental score examination preoperatively and at 1, 3 and 6 hours postoperatively. RESULTS: The emergence time from the end of anesthesia to eye opening, tracheal extubation, following verbal commands, and orientation were significantly shorter in the Desflurane (versus Sevoflurane) Group (P< 0.001) consistent with the previous studies. 60% in the desflurane group and 50% in the sevoflurane group experienced cognitive dysfunction at the end of 1 hour, it persisted in 16% and 13% of the respective group by the end of three hours. However 98% of the patients in the study reached almost baseline MMSE scores by the end of 6 hours. CONCLUSION: Recovery indices like time to eye opening, time until extubation, time taken to follow commands and time to orientation were significantly better in the desflurane group. Intermediate recovery and side effects were not significantly different in both groups. Postoperative recovery of cognitive function was similar with both volatile anesthetics.
Strategies for local re nement and coarsening of hierarchical splines with particular application to phase-eld models of prostate tumor growth

We present a set of algorithms for local h-adaptivity of hierarchical B-splines for application in isogeometric analysis. We extend Bézier projection, an e cient quadrature-free local projection technique, to the hierarchical setting. In this case, extraction operators may not be invertible. To address this issue we develop a multi-level reconstruction operator which maintains the locality properties of the projection. We also introduce a balance parameter to control the overlap of hierarchical functions leading to improved numerical conditioning. We apply our algorithms to the simulation of localized prostate cancer growth. We model this disease using the phaseeld method and a set of di usion-reaction equations to account for the dynamics of nutrients and a key biomarker termed Prostate Speci c Antigen. Our results include examples on simple 2D and 3D domains and a more compelling tissue-scale, patient-speci c simulation, which is run over a prostate anatomy extracted from medical images. Our methods for local h-adaptivity e ciently capture the evolving interface between the tumor and the neighboring healthy tissue with remarkable accuracy in all cases.
Income Comparison and Subjective Wellbeing : Evidence from Self-Perceived Relative Income Data from China

This paper studies the impact of relative income on subjective wellbeing (SWB) using data on self-perceived relative income from China. It shows that when individuals perceive their incomes to be lower in comparison to their relatives, colleagues, school mates, neighbors and to the average income of the city or county where they live, this lowers their general life satisfaction and happiness. The effect of lower relative income on SWB is monotonic—the lower the position of an individual in income comparisons, the larger the negative effect of perceived relative income on SWB of that individual. Favorable and unfavorable relative income positions have asymmetric impacts on life satisfaction but they impact happiness symmetrically. The results are similar between men and women. The results hold when controlling for individual fixed effects by utilizing the panel structure of the two waves of the survey. JEL Classification: C23, C25, D31, D63, I31, J31, Z13
Modeling risk areas for Echinococcus multilocularis egg survival in an urban park in France

Echinococcus multilocularis is a parasite which commonly occurs in northern temperate zones, being prevalent among wild populations of foxes. In recent years it has been reported in the suburban areas of european cities with cases of human infections. The parasite ́s dispersion may be partly attributed to the increase in populations of wild foxes, their migration and adaptation to suburban environments. The probability of infection of mammals with the fox ́ tapeworm E. multilocularis depends on the favourable alignment of a series of environmental parameters in space. intermediate The parasite life cycle includes intermediate hosts (rodents and lagomorphs) and definitive hosts (foxes and dogs? ), Man can eventually be infected trough the accidental ingestion of eggs release to the environment trough the foxes ́feces. This study integrates Remote Sensing images (SPOT) as a base for spatial analysis of the La Courneuve recreational park to model high risk areas of infection with E. multilocularis by humans and domestic pets. Thematic layers describing the important environmental parameters which may influence the prevalence levels of E. multilocularis and their maximum survival times were developed and integrated resulting in a suitability map identifying regions where visitors are most at risk of being infected. This area amounts to only 3.2% of the park area.
Three-dimensional seismic array characterization study : Experiment and modelinga )

In the summer of 2003, the Littoral Acoustic Demonstration Center conducted an acoustic characterization experiment for a 21-element marine seismic exploration airgun array of total volume of 0.0588 m3 3590 in.3 . Two Environmental Acoustic Recording System buoys, one with a desensitized hydrophone, were deployed at a depth of 758 m in a water depth of 990 m, near Green’s Canyon in the Gulf of Mexico. Shots over a grid were recorded and calibrated to produce absolute broadband up to 25 kHz pressure-time dependencies for a wide range of offsets and arrival angles in the water column. Experimental data are analyzed to obtain maximum received zero-to-peak pressure levels, maximum received sound exposure levels, and pressure levels in 1 /3-octave frequency bands for each shot. Experimental data are quantitatively modeled by using an upgraded version of an underwater acoustic propagation model and seismic source modeling packages for a variety of ranges and arrival angles. Experimental and modeled data show good agreement in absolute pressure amplitudes and frequency interference patterns for frequencies up to 1000 Hz. The analysis is important for investigating the potential impact on marine mammals and fish and predicting the exposure levels for newly planned seismic surveys in other geographic areas. © 2008 Acoustical Society of America. DOI: 10.1121/1.2902185
LPHU : A Local Position and History Utility Based Routing Algorithm for Delay Tolerant Networks

Delay Tolerant Networks (DTNs) feature intermittent connection, highly constrained network resource and node mobility, with the difficulty to capture the global network topology, and consequently the routing strategy for DTNs is a great challenge. In view of the different roles of source node and relay nodes, this paper cleverly limits the replication abilities of message copies held by relay nodes. And by using nodes’ local positions and history utility information, we also innovatively spread messages outwards layer by layer. Finally, a Local Position and History Utility based routing algorithm (LPHU) is proposed to improve the routing performance in DTNs environment. Extensive simulations have been conducted and the results show that the proposed routing algorithm can achieve a higher delivery ratio and a fewer hop count compared to Epidemic and PRoPHET. Furthermore, its overhead ratio is 80 % and 65 % less than Epidemic and PRoPHET respectively. Copyright © 2013 IFSA.
Article on Machining of Nickel-Based Super Alloys by Electric Discharge Machining

Electric discharge machining (EDM) process generally used for burrs free, less metallurgical damage, stress free and very precise machining and produces mould cavity, deep holes, complex shapes & size by arc erosion in all types of electroconductive materials. In this process, the metal is removed from the work piece due to erosion caused by rapidly recurring spark discharge taking place between the tool electrode and work-piece. Tool electrode and wok-piece both submersed into the dielectric fluid. The main aims of this review paper work is to present the consolidated information about the contribution of various researchers on the machining applications of electric discharge machining process on Nickel-Base Super alloys materials, utilization of various tool and techniques for correlating experiment results and applications of product through the EDM. Nickel-Base Super alloys materials is widely used for fuel tanks, aircraft & rocket engine components, nuclear fuel element spacers, casings, fasteners, rings, seal, measuring instrument, cryogenic storage tanks and automobile components etc.
P 162 REMOVING LOVE WAVES AND THEIR SCATTERING IN THE SHALLOW SUBSURFACE

SH-waves (Shear Horizontal) are often assumed to be decoupled from the other wave types (P(Pressure) and SV(Shear Vertical) waves) in elastic media. In air or gas filled media, P-waves are often severely scattered. Therefore seismic SH-wave experiments are more suitable for imaging the shallow subsurface. Unfortunately, the data of a seismic experiment are polluted with coherent noise. In SH-wave experiments, Love waves provide the largest contribution.
Can Human Resource Best Practice Contribute to a Judicial Definition of “ Unjustifiable ” in Employment Law ? The example of redundancy terminations in New Zealand

This paper provides a preliminary discussion of whether human resource best practice has the potential to make a contribution to the legal development and reevaluation of concepts such as “fairness” and “justification” under the Employment Relations Act 2000 with its focus on good faith behaviour throughout the employment relationship. This paper focuses on termination for redundancy as such terminations generally are not concerned with value judgments over what constitutes misconduct or lack of capacity and is more concerned with process in matters such as the decision whether to make employees redundant and selection for redundancy. These matters seem ones that are most likely to be the subject of human resource practice. The paper outlines relevant aspects of employment law and human resources and examines a brief case study before moving to a discussion on whether human resource best practice has the potential to generate better informed judicial decisions.
RISK FACTORS FOR HEALTHCARE-ASSOCIATED INFECTIONS IN INTENSIVE CARE UNITS *

Objective: to identify patients and risk factors related to the occurrence of healthcare-associated infections in intensive care units. Method: cross-sectional study with 155 hospitalized patients between 2012 and 2014 in two intensive care units of two public hospitals of the Federal District. Data were collected from the medical records and recorded in a spreadsheet using the Microsoft Excel® program. Results with p-value <0.05 were considered significant. Results: of the total of 155 patients, 55 (35.5%) patients were affected by healthcare-associated infections during hospitalization in the intensive care unit. Length of stay (p=0.001), hospitalization due to clinical causes (p=0.017), diabetes mellitus (p=0.002) and elective surgery (p=0.011) were independent risk factors for these infections. Conclusion: infectious complications affected approximately one third of the patients in the intensive care setting. Surveillance of these complications may guide actions to improve the safety of critical patients.
Laser Soldering

The trends toward miniaturization of electronic devices and the use of expensive, temperature –sensitive components used in the telecom equipment industry have led to the demand for new, highly controllable selective laser soldering technology [1, 2]. Secondly, modern highdensity electronic and electro-optic subassemblies usually include thermally-sensitive components as well as complex three-dimensional (3-D) circuit geometries that cannot be soldered using conventional wave or reflow soldering techniques [6]. The laser is especially used for soldering of the temperature-sensitive assemblies and boards and it is also used for joining of assemblies with high thermal capacity that could not be conventionally soldered in the reflow process [2].
FACTORS AFFECTING EXTERNAL AUDITORS ’ INDEPENDENCE IN DISCHARGING THEIR RESPONSIBILITIES : A SURVEY OF MEDIUM LEVEL AUDITING FIRMS IN NAIROBI

This study was carried to establish the factors that affect the independence of the external auditors. The research sought to analyse how provision of non-audit services, audit tenure and how large proportion of audit fees affect the auditors‟ independence. The target population of study was the medium level audit firms in Nairobi. The research used a descriptive design and collected data from both primary and secondary sources by use of structured questionnaires and by interviewing the respondents. The research used a sample of 20 auditing firms to carry out the research. This sample was selected using stratified sampling technique because the population is heterogeneous. Data analysis was done using descriptive statistics mean and standard deviation. The study revealed that provision of these services improved the quality of audit services to a very great extent. From the findings, relationship with clients improved over the time while to some was strong from the start. The study concludes that audit firm tenure affects audit firm independence, it was established that forcing a change of auditors lowers the quality of audits and increase their costs. The longer an auditor is with a company the more it learns about its personnel, its business and its intrinsic values. The study recommends that external auditors must maintain quality in accordance with the generally accepted auditing standard when accumulating and evaluating the auditing evidence as it is important in having better result of an audit process.
OBSERVATIONS AND MODELS OF HEAT AND SALT GENERATION IN DEEPWATER GULF OF MEXICO VENTS

We study one large submarine mud volcano that lies 210 km south-south east of New Orleans, Louisiana in 1070 meters of water depth. The vent is elevated approximately 75 meters relative to the surrounding seafloor. The vent is bounded by a negative polarity seismic reflection. We interpret that this reflection records the boundary from hydrate above to gas below: it is the Bottom Simulating Reflector (BSR). This BSR rises rapidly at the boundaries of the vent and is then horizontal within a few meters of the seafloor across the vent before it plunges once again on the far side. High temperature gradients and elevated salinities are present within the vent [1, 2]. We develop a 1D multiphase flow model to test whether the upward flow of fluids from depth can drive the coexistence of high salinity fluids, elevated temperature gradients, and an uplifted BSR. In this model, saline water advects heat and salt, whereas methane transports only heat. We show that salinity and temperature observations cannot be explained by the upward flow of saline water alone from a fixed depth. The observations can be explained, however, if methane is also advecting heat but not transporting salt and if the methane flux is 34 times larger than the water flux. Our results demonstrate that gas-dominated flow from depth may drive observations of elevated salinities and temperatures at vents in the GoM. A better understanding of the hydrogeological processes at vent zones is important for estimating fluxes of heat and mass and is important for understanding the conditions under which deep-sea biological communities exist.