Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
EFFECTIVENESS OF ISOLATION DISTANCE IN TURNIP RAPE

Isolation distances for turnip rape (Brassica campestris L.) were studied using the recessive genetic marker yg-7. Average contamination levels from six tests over 2 yr were 8.5, 5.8, and 3.7% at isolation distances of 46, 137, and 366 m, respectively. The 46- and 137-m distances were judged to be inadequate, and even the 366-m distance showed greater contamination levels than desirable. No significant border effects were observed and there were no detectable differences in contamination attributable to directional orientation of the isolation blocks with the contaminant source. The data suggest that the 50- and 100-m isolation requirements in Canada for Certified seed production of turnip rape be re-examined and that border removal in lieu of spatial isolation be seriously questioned.
Functional groups of entomofauna associated to aquatic macrophytes in Correntoso river, Rio Negro sub-region, Pantanal, Mato Grosso do Sul State, Brazil - doi: 10.4025/actascibiolsci.v34i1.7822

This work aimed to study the structure of functional groups of entomofauna associated to aquatic macrophytes in Correntoso river, Rio Negro sub-region, Pantanal, Mato Grosso do Sul State, Brazil. Six samples were taken in different seasonal periods; ebb, dry and wet. The organisms were collected using D net (300 m mesh), sweeping five times through the roots of macrophyte banks at each sample session. Three environments were compared (open, intermediary, close) using data from six collection sites, through which were analyzed absolute abundance, observed richness of families and the sampled specimens were also separated in functional groups. A total of 60 families from 12 orders of Insecta were registered, totaling 19,773 sampled insects. The largest number of families was categorized into predators functional group, with 34 families collected, followed by the collectors with 17, shredders-herbivores ten and scrapers eight.
Agronomic and Quality Characteristics of 1AS.1AL‐1DL Translocation Lines of Durum Wheat Carrying Glutenin Allele Glu‐D1d

Markets for durum wheat (Triticum turgidum L. var. durum) could be expanded if cultivars with dual-purpose end-use could be developed. The Glu-Dld allele, located on chromosome 1D of bread wheat (T. aestivum L.), encodes for high-molecular-weight glutenin subunits 1Dx5 and 1Dy10, and this allele is highly desirable for good baking quality. Lines of durum carrying Glu-D1d on a 1AS.1AL-1DL translocation chromosome and also segregating for the low-molecular-weight I (LMWI; weak gluten) or low-molecular-weight II (LMWII; strong gluten) allele of Glu-B3 were available for this study. Our objective was to test the agronomic and baking quality of the 1AS.1AL-1DL trans location lines. The translocation lines in a 'Renville' background, and carrying either the LMWI or LMWII banding patterns, were grown in yield trials conducted at two North Dakota environments from 1998 through 2002. Grains from translocation lines were milled and mixing and baking characteristics were determined. Grain yield of translocation lines were lower than that of Renville, but the two highest yielding translocation lines were similar to Renville for lodging score, heading date, and plant height. The translocation lines had reduced 1000-kernel weight and a significant genotype × environment interaction for farinogram characteristics. Compared with Renville, mean loaf volumes were not improved. Translocation lines having LMWI had better mixing stability and loaf volume than lines having LMWII. While the results suggest agronomic traits can be sufficiently improved, commercial production of the translocation lines may not be feasible without more consistent mixing traits and improved baking characteristics.
FtsH proteases in chloroplasts and cyanobacteria

FtsH is a membrane-bound ATP-dependent metalloprotease complex found in prokaryotes and organelles of eukaryotic cells. It consists of one or two trans-membrane helices at its amino-terminus, a highly conserved ATPase domain, which relates it to the AAA protein family, and a zinc-binding domain towards its carboxy-terminus that serves as the proteolytic site. Most bacteria contain a single FtsH gene, but the cyanobacterium Synechocystis has four. The Arabidopsis thaliana genome contains 12 genes encoding FtsH proteins, nine of them can be targeted to chloroplasts, whereas the other three are mitochondrial. Chloroplast FtsH protease is located in the thylakoid membrane, where it forms complexes, most likely hexamers, whose ATPase and proteolytic domains are exposed to the stroma. It is involved in the degradation of the D1 protein of photosystem II reaction centre during its repair from photoinhibition, as well as in the degradation of unassembled proteins in the thylakoid and the stroma. In Arabidopsis, FtsH2 is the most abundant isomer, followed by FtsH5, 8 and 1. This hierarchy is well reflected in the severity of the variegated phenotype of mutants in these genes.
Ocorrência de incêndios florestais no parque nacional da Chapada dos Veadeiros, Goiás.

This work aimed at studying the fires in Parque Nacional da Chapada dos Veadeiros (PNCV) in Goias, Brazil, from 1992 to 2003. The methodology included analysis of heat spots maps, reports and interviews with the fire crew members, besides interviews with the land owners who live close to the PNCV. The data showed the causes and the frequencies of fires annual burnt areas, seasons and origins of fire incident, and fire privation developed by the fire crew of PNCV. Furthermore, there was opinions by land owner related to the PNCV. Results showed that the fires in PNCV had annual frequency. The years 1995 and 2002 presented more fire occurrences. Most of the fires (88,2%) had criminal or unknown causes. The dry season caused more fire occurrences, mainly August, September and July. The prevention activities were break fires construction and instruction folders related to fires release. The local land owners did not know how to deal with land management techniques without fire and asked for environmental education.
Accounting for structural uncertainty to facilitate precautionary fishery management: illustration with Namibian orange roughy

FAO guidelines for the implementation of a precautionary approach to fishery management have been applied in developing and developed fisheries using a variety of stock-assessment methods that apply simulation modeling and several different methods to account for uncertainty in model parameters. Several recent works, however, point out that uncertainty in the structural formulation of stock-assessment models, e.g., in the form of the stock-recruit relationship and assumptions about catchability and stock structure, must also be taken into account because model-based advice can be much more sensitive to structural uncertainty than to parameter uncertainty. Although it is highly desirable to account for both types of uncertainty, the fisheries literature has devoted attention mostly to the former and relatively little to developing formal probabilistic methods to account for structural uncertainties. This paper argues for a more formal empirical basis for dealing with structural uncertainties in providing precautionary management advice. Some guidelines for applying a Bayesian stock-assessment approach to deal with structural uncertainty are reformulated and illustrated with an application of Bayesian importance sampling to the stock assessment of Namibian orange roughy (Hoplostethus atlanticus).
Layer-wise Feature Extraction Capacity using Pre-trained CNN

People re-identification(People re-id)은 두 영상의 사 람이 같은 사람인지 판단하는 것이다. 일반적으로 지능 형 감시 시스템에서 두 영상은 서로 중첩되지 않은 카메 라에서 획득한 영상이다. People re-id에서는 빛의 변화, 촬영 방향의 변화, 카메라 파라미터의 변화, 포즈의 변 화, 겹침 현상(Occlusion), 낮은 해상도 등 많은 문제를 격고 있다. 최근 객체인식 분야에서는 Convolutional Neural Network (CNN)이 주목받고 있다. CNN의 특징 중 하나 는 입력이미지로 부터 특징 추출 방법을 스스로 학습한 다는 것이다. 전통적은 객체인식 방법에서는 handwritten feature extractor를 사용하지만, CNN은 스스로가 특징을 추출한다. CNN은 많은 학습 데이터를 필요로 하지만 People re-id 데이터 셋의 학습 데이터는 그리 많지 않다. 이 논 문에서 우리는 학습시킨 CNN의 특징 추출 능력이 다른 응용에 대해서도 효과가 있는지 실험하였다. 객체인식 데이터로 pre-train된 CNN을 사용하여 특징벡터를 추출 하였고, 다른 학습 없이 특징벡터의 거리를 사용하여 people re-id를 하였다. VGG 넷[1]은 Large Scale Visual Recognition Challenge 2014 (ILSVRC2014)의 Classification and localization 부분에서 좋은 성능을 보 였다. 우리가 사용한 VGG-S 넷[2]은 VGG 넷의 버전 중 하나이다. II. 제안하는 시스템
Marker-assisted recurrent backcrossing in cultivar development.

Marker-assisted recurrent backcrossing (MARS), the combined use of marker-assisted selection (MAS) and recurrent backcrossing, is a versatile method for plant breeding and genetic studies. The benefits of MARS are well demonstrated and documented in theoretical and simulation studies, and confirmed by empirical applications. In MARS, markers are used during recurrent backcrossing to select for the presence of the target gene (foreground selection), to select against the donor genome contribution (background selection) to reduce the introgressed segment's size and thus potential linkage drag. MARS reduces the number of backcrossing needed to recover most of the recurrent parent genome in 3-4 generations, while one or two target genes are introgressed from the donor. For foreground selection markers are most useful for traits that are expensive and/or difficult to measure. Linkage drag associated with the target genets), when present, is difficult if not impossible to remove by phenotypic selection. In this chapter, we summarised some of the theoretical and simulation results of MARS, and provided comprehensive summary of the use of MARS in practical crop breeding.
Estrutura populacional de Clusia criuva Cambess. (Clusiaceae) e relação espacial com espécies de bromélias no Parque Municipal das Dunas da Lagoa da Conceição, Florianópolis, SC

Population structure of Clusia criuva Cambess. (Clusiaceae) and spatial relationship to bromeliads at Parque Municipal das Dunas da Lagoa da Conceicao, Florianopolis, SC. “Restinga” habitats present many stressful conditions for plant establishment. Clusia criuva occurs in these habitats, including dune fi elds, and for this reason the Parque Municipal das Dunas da Lagoa da Conceicao, Florianopolis, Santa Catarina State, Brazil, was chosen as the area of study. In habitats where resources are scarce and abiotic conditions are severe, it is common to fi nd positive interactions between plants (facilitation). Some studies suggest that bromeliad species facilitate other plants in “restinga”. The present study evaluated the population structure of C. criuva in two different habitats, i.e. in an internal dune and in dune slack, both with herbaceous and sub-shrub vegetation. The study described the differences in populations and the relationship between the occurrence of C. criuva and bromeliad species. The populations showed an aggregated pattern and low density in the two areas. On the dune slack, the plants were younger, and seemed to have colonized the area recently. In the dune itself, we observed a positive relation between C. criuva and the bromeliad species Vriesea friburgensis Mez var. paludosa (L. B. Smith) L. B. Smith. This relationship was not observed in the dune slack where the abiotic conditions are less restrictive in relation to the availability of water and nutrients.
Hair bundle structure and mechanotransduction

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Les nanovirus, petits virus de plantes : similitudes et différences avec les géminivirus

La famille des Nanoviridae est divisee en deux genres, les Nanovirus (qui infectent des plantes legumineuses) et les Babuvirus (qui infectent les bananiers). L’information genetique des nanovirus est repartie sur plusieurs molecules d’ADN circulaire simple brin de 1000 nucleotides environ. Ces molecules sont encapsidees individuellement dans une particule icosaedrique et codent chacune pour une seule proteine. Les nanovirus se repliquent dans le noyau des cellules infectees selon un mecanisme de cercle roulant initie par la proteine virale Rep. Ils comportent plusieurs molecules codant pour des proteines Rep heterologues. Toutes les Rep d’un nanovirus donne sont fonctionnelles et chacune initie la replication de l’ADN par lequel elle est codee (autoreplication). Mais parmi toutes ces Rep, Master Rep est la seule proteine capable d’induire la replication des autres composants genomiques du virus (transreplication). L’infection artificielle en utilisant des molecules d’ADN viral clone n’a ete mise au point que pour le nanovirus Faba bean necrotic yellows virus.
Population Composition and Ectoparasite Prevalence on Bats (Sturnira ludovici; Phyllostomidae) in Forest Fragments and Coffee Plantations of Central Veracruz, Mexico

Studies comparing the abundance of frugivorous bats in shade‐coffee plantations and forest fragments report contradictory results, and have not taken into account the landscape context in which coffee plantations are immersed. Variables of population composition such as abundance, sex proportion, and reproductive condition, together with biological tags (i.e., bat fly prevalence), can provide information about spatiotemporal dynamics of habitats used by bats. In the central part of Veracruz, Mexico, we compared population variables and ectoparasite prevalence of the highland yellow‐shouldered bat (Sturnira ludovici) in two landscapes, one dominated by shade‐coffee plantations and another by forest fragments. Comparing these attributes between these two landscapes will increase our knowledge about the role of this agro‐ecosystem in the conservation of this species, which is an important seed disperser of cloud forest vegetation. Total abundance and proportion of females was greater in forest fragments than in coffee plantations, whereas the percentage of reproductive females and bat fly prevalence was similar between landscapes. Our results show that landscapes with forest fragments harbor the greatest abundance of S. ludovici, but shade‐coffee plantations also are utilized by S. ludovici and likely adjacent forest remnants provide enough food resources for this species and other frugivores. Moreover, this study provides more evidence documenting the importance of preserving the last cloud forest fragments in the central region of Veracruz, Mexico, and suggests that using shade‐coffee plantations to connect forest fragments may be an effective way of maintaining populations of S. ludovici and likely other volant frugivores.
THE VALUE OF RAPESEED MEAL FOR GROWING PULLETS AND LAYING HENS

Two experiments were carried out to investigate the value of rapeseed meal in poultry diets. In the first experiment when rapeseed meal replaced all of the supplemental soybean protein in a corn, soya-type pullet growing diet, weight gain was significantly reduced as compared with the corn, soya control diet. The difference, however, was small and may well have been due to amino acid imbalance. In the second experiment rapeseed meal effectively replaced soybean meal in a laying hen diet when fed in a phase-feeding program. For the overall test, the only difference in the phase-fed groups compared with birds fed the higher protein soybean meal control diet was a significantly lower weight gain from the diet where rapeseed meal replaced all of the soybean meal protein, and a decrease in average egg weight from the diet where rapeseed meal replaced half of the soybean meal protein.
Estudo da estrutura da crosta na região da Bacia do Parecis usando eventos profundos

Este texto foi preparado para a apresentação no VII Simpósio Brasileiro de Geofísica, Ouro Preto, 25 a 27 de outubro de 2016. Seu conteúdo foi revisado pelo Comitê Técnico do VII SimBGf, mas não necessariamente representa a opinião da SBGf ou de seus associados. É proibida a reprodução total ou parcial deste material para propósitos comerciais sem prévia autorização da SBGf. ______________________________________________________________________
Composición tisular de canales de lechones duroc y sus scrofa ferus x duroc

Los lechones con un peso vivo de 8 a 12 kilos, constituyen una categoria comercial en Argentina y se consumen habitualmente como carne fresca; representan el 20,1 p.100 de la faena total de cerdos (SAGPyA, 2001). La produccion comercial de hibridos de jabali es incipiente y se justifica por la calidad diferencial de sus carnes y la aceptacion que las mismas tienen en una franja de consumidores de productos no tradicionales (Vieites, 1997). De esta situacion de mercado surgio la necesidad de la evaluacion y comparacion de ambos productos en su composicion corporal, ya que son consumidos en preparaciones culinarias similares pero diferentes en su aceptacion general. La situacion local descrita puede extenderse a paises europeos en los que es habitual el consumo de lechones, cochinillos y productos de jabali. Si bien la composicion corporal del cerdo domestico ha sido evaluada en numerosos trabajos, estos han sido realizados para pesos y edades mas elevadas que las aqui consideradas. Las referencias para lechones son escasas y la hallada fue realizada por el ITP (1977) y refiere que para 20 kg de peso vivo el porcentaje de hueso seria del 14,1, el de musculo 45,4 y el de grasa de 18,7. No se han encontrado antecedentes sobre canales y composicion tisular de hibridos de jabali. En razon de no existir informacion previa, el objetivo del presente trabajo fue el de realizar una primera comparacion de canales de hibridos de jabali europeo x Duroc con las de lechones de cerdos puros Duroc. La faena se realizo a los 42 dias de vida, edad a la que alcanzan el peso de comercializacion.
The great tit (Parus major) — a misclassified ring species

The great tit (Parus major) has been considered to be the most typical example of an avian ring species. The terminal taxa of the ring (major and minor sectors) are supposed to be reproductively isolated in a zone of secondary contact in the middle Amur valley, Siberia. Our study combines molecular markers (cytochrome-b), bioacoustic analyses and morphological characters to judge the ring species status of the great tit complex. Despite a notable percentage of intermediately coloured birds in the mixed population of middle Amur, a lack of mitochondrial introgression between the major and minor sectors and a small number of true hybrids among voucher specimens from this area suggest at least a partial reproductive barrier between both sectors. In contrast, variation of morphological and especially acoustic characters along the ring-shaped area and the phylogenetic structure of the P. major group do not match the ring species concept. Bioacoustic and molecular data (cytochrome-b sequences) reveal two large and closely related subspecies blocks, the sectors major and bokharensis in the Western Palaearctic and central Asia, and the sectors minor and cinereus in the Eastern Palaearctic and South-east Asia, respectively. The two western sectors diverged only recently (0.5 Mya) and they were separated from the eastern group by Pleistocene events about 1.5 Mya. Songs from allopatric regions of the two subspecies blocks differ distinctly in frequency parameters and element composition. In the area of secondary contact, males of all phenotypes share the same frequency range of song, close to the range of the typical minor song. Hybrids and major males sing mixed repertoires of typical major and minor strophe types as well as mixed strophes. In contrast, phenotypic minor males display only pure minor strophes. Differences in mate choice and mating success based on repertoire size are believed to uphold the reproductive barrier between major and minor birds in the area of sympatry. Taxonomic consequences suggest three separate species in the Parus major complex: Parus major s.s. (including the very closely related bokharensis sector), Parus minor and Parus cinereus. © 2005 The Linnean Society of London, Biological Journal of the Linnean Society, 2005, 86, 153–174.
The Frequency of Twin Births in France. The Triple Influence of Biology, Medicine and Family Behaviour

La proportion d’accouchements gemellaires, 15 p. 1 000 en France au debut du xviiie siecle, a retrouve ce niveau en 2000 apres avoir ete nettement en dessous entre temps. Elle a notamment augmente de 70 % depuis le debut des annees 1970, sous les effets combines des traitements contre la sterilite, qui expliquent les deux tiers de la hausse, et du retard des maternites, qui en explique un tiers. Apres avoir retrace l’evolution du taux de gemellite en France, l’article passe en revue ses differents facteurs avec un interet particulier pour deux d’entre eux : la limitation volontaire des naissances et la selection par la fertilite. Les femmes qui accouchent de jumeaux s’engagent moins souvent dans d’autres grossesses que celles qui accouchent d’un seul enfant. Les consequences de la survenue d’une grossesse gemellaire sur la probabilite d’agrandissement de la famille sont mesurees en analysant pres d’un million de biographies feminines francaises recueillies par les enquetes Familles. La France a enfin connu un pic de gemellite pendant la premiere guerre mondiale et juste apres, en 1919 ; il vient d’un effet de selection des couples les plus fertiles, qui sont aussi les plus predisposes a avoir des jumeaux.
Serosurveillance of Myxomatosis by Competitive ELISA

Myxomatosis is a disease produced by a poxvirus (Myxoma virus), which often progresse to a lethal disseminated disease in European rabbits (Oryctolagus cuniculus) or to a benign cutaneous fibroma in American rabbits (Silvilagus spp). Fallowing the release-introduction of Myxoma virus (MYXV) in France (1952, Chateau Maillebois), myxomatosis evolved in European rabbits as a disease with high mortality, over the time it was noted in rabbits the increase of genetic resistance and the attenuation of virulence of the MYXV wild strains. Today, the presence and circulation of MYXV is more and more difficult to identify based only by clinical surveillance. The aim of this study is to evaluate the active surveillance of myxomatosis by competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (cELISA). The study was carried out on 40 serum samples from previously vaccinated rabbits, 79 samples from unvaccinated rabbits and 39 samples from rabbits with unknown history of vaccination. All serum samples were collected from rabbits that lived in areas with history of myxomatosis. The presence of specific MYXV antibodies was cheked with an in-house cELISA developed at IZSLER Brescia (Italy). Positive results exhibited 92.5% serum samples of previously vaccinated rabbits and in 10.13% serum samples of unvaccinated rabbits. Un-conclusive results (retesting) were obtained in 5.06% serum samples of unvaccinated rabbits and in 2.56% serum samples of rabbits with unknown history. The positive results in unvaccinated rabbits suggest the circulation of MYXV in the area. The introduction of the myxomatosis active surveillance in Romania can be considered.