Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Four cases on market orientation of value chains in agribusiness and fisheries

This working paper presents results from the project ‘Supra-company level determinants of degree of market orientation of value chains in agriculture and fisheries’, which is carried out in cooperation between MAPP – Centre for Research on Customer Relations in the Food Sector, Aarhus School of Business, Denmark, the Norwegian College of Fisheries Science, University of Tromso, Norway, and the Department of Marketing, University of Stirling, Scotland. It has benefited from grants from the Danish Social Science Research Council and from the Norwegian Research Council. The present working paper is the ‘long’ version of the empirical work in the first major phase of the project, where we study four examples of food value chains to get insight into their degree of market orientation and possible determinants. The insights gained here have been used in subsequent empirical work that is currently underway
Product attribute value classification from unstructured text in e-commerce Trietsch

Online retailers are gaining more market share of the retail market, as they are able to provide three important services for their customers: speed, choice and comfort. Since this market is expanding at a tremendous rate, it is important to provide customers with the best online shop experience. This is not only important for the customers, but also to stay ahead of existing and new competitors. New competitors arise everyday since it is very easy to enter the market: very few resources are required to enter the market. To provide customers with the best online webshop, the potential buyer should have enough product information available to make a decision whether to purchase a product. Missing product information makes this decision hard, since the customer is unable to (physically) experience the product. Therefore, this thesis discusses the research that has been done with regard to the use of supervised learning techniques to extract product information from the product information that is known. Using the product database of a large online retailer in the Netherlands, bol.com, the method of using text classification in the identification of product attribute values is tested. Features are extracted from raw product titles as well as product descriptions, which are provided to a classification algorithm. Following the one against the rest approach for the creation of the classifiers, several classification algorithms have been tested, including Näıve Bayes and Support Vector Machine. The trained models have been tested on a wide variety of different attributes originating from different product categories, in order to test their generalizability. The results showed that Support Vector Machines perform well on the attributes tested in this thesis. For each tested attribute, n classifiers were trained, one for each attribute value. When using product titles as training samples, the F-measure was greater than 95% for 19 out of 33 tested attributes. When training on product descriptions, 22 out of 33 attributes had an F-measure greater than 95%. The experiments showed that some attributes suffered from class imbalance, which was proven by the Cohen’s Kappa scores for these attributes. However, the scores for Cohen’s Kappa also showed that Support Vector Machines are quite successful in the prediction of attribute values.
Unveiling aerosol–cloud interactions – Part 1: Cloud contamination in satellite products enhances the aerosol indirect forcing estimate

Abstract. Increased concentrations of aerosol can enhance the albedo of warm low-level cloud. Accurately quantifying this relationship from space is challenging due in part to contamination of aerosol statistics near clouds. Aerosol retrievals near clouds can be influenced by stray cloud particles in areas assumed to be cloud-free, particle swelling by humidification, shadows and enhanced scattering into the aerosol field from (3-D radiative transfer) clouds. To screen for this contamination we have developed a new cloud–aerosol pairing algorithm (CAPA) to link cloud observations to the nearest aerosol retrieval within the satellite image. The distance between each aerosol retrieval and nearest cloud is also computed in CAPA. Results from two independent satellite imagers, the Advanced Along-Track Scanning Radiometer (AATSR) and Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS), show a marked reduction in the strength of the intrinsic aerosol indirect radiative forcing when selecting aerosol pairs that are located farther away from the clouds (−0.28±0.26 W m−2) compared to those including pairs that are within 15 km of the nearest cloud (−0.49±0.18 W m−2). The larger aerosol optical depths in closer proximity to cloud artificially enhance the relationship between aerosol-loading, cloud albedo, and cloud fraction. These results suggest that previous satellite-based radiative forcing estimates represented in key climate reports may be exaggerated due to the inclusion of retrieval artefacts in the aerosol located near clouds.
An Infrared Study of the Circumstellar Material Associated with the Carbon Star R Sculptoris

The asymptotic giant branch (AGB) star R Sculptoris (R Scl) is one of the most extensively studied stars on the AGB. R Scl is a carbon star with a massive circumstellar shell (Mshell ∼ 7.3 × 10−3 M⊙) that is thought to have been produced during a thermal pulse event ∼2200 years ago. To study the thermal dust emission associated with its circumstellar material, observations were taken with the Faint Object InfraRed CAMera for the SOFIA Telescope (FORCAST) at 19.7, 25.2, 31.5, 34.8, and 37.1 μm. Maps of the infrared emission at these wavelengths were used to study the morphology and temperature structure of the spatially extended dust emission. Using the radiative-transfer code DUSTY, and fitting the spatial profile of the emission, we find that a geometrically thin dust shell cannot reproduce the observed spatially resolved emission. Instead, a second dust component in addition to the shell is needed to reproduce the observed emission. This component, which lies interior to the dust shell, traces the circumstellar envelope of R Scl. It is best fit by a density profile with n ∝ rα, where and a dust mass of . The strong departure from an r−2 law indicates that the mass-loss rate of R Scl has not been constant. This result is consistent with a slow decline in the post-pulse mass loss that has been inferred from observations of the molecular gas.
Has Fiscal Discretion during Good Times and Bad Times Changed in the Euro Area Countries?

We study the relationship between the change in the cyclically-adjusted primary balance (an indicator of discretionary fiscal policy) and the change in the output gap (an indicator of cyclical conditions). We use panel data for the euro area and data for 20 individual OECD countries, for the period 1970-2008. We show that countercyclical fiscal policy is less frequent in euro area countries than in other OECD countries. Since 1999, fiscal policies in the euro area have no longer been procyclical during good times, but they have been procyclical during bad times in two countries, Austria and Portugal.
Synergistic Increase of BDNF Release from Rat Primary Cortical Neuron by Combination of Several Medicinal Plant-Derived Compounds

Abstract － Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) is a neurotrophic factor involved in neuronal differentiation, plasticity, survival and regeneration. BDNF draws massive attention mainly due to the potential as a therapeutic target in neurological diseases such as depression and Alzheimer’s disease. In a primary screening for the natural compounds enhancing BDNF release from cultured rat primary cortical neuron, we found that compounds such as baicalein, tanshinone IIa, cinnamic acid, epiberberine, genistein and wogonin among many others increased BDNF release. All the compounds at 0.1 μM of concentration barely showed stimulatory effect on BDNF induction, however, their combination (mixture 1; baicalein, tanshinone IIa and cinnamic acid, mixture 2; epiberberine, genistein and wogonin) showed synergistic increase in BDNF release as well as mRNA and protein expression. The level of BDNF expression was comparable to the maximum BDNF stimulation attainable by a positive control oroxylin A (20 μM) without cell toxicity as determined by MTT analysis. Both mixtures synergistically increased the phosphorylation of extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) as well as cAMP response element binding protein (CREB), an immediate and essential regulator of BDNF expression. Similar to these results, mixture of these compounds synergistically inhibited the up-regulation of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) induced by lipopolysaccharide treatments in rat primary astrocytes. These results suggest that the combinatorial treatment of natural compounds in lower concentration might be a useful strategy to obtain sufficient BDNF stimulation in neurological disease condition such as depression, while minimizing potential side effects and toxicity of higher concentration of a single compound.Keywords: BDNF, Cortical neuron, CREB, ERK, Synergism
A brief overview of impact of genotype, single nucleotide polymorphism and environment on quality of chicken meat: A review

Based on customers’ demand, focus on sensory quality and nutritional characteristic of chicken meat production has been increased in past several decades. From the last few years, development in molecular genetics controls the identification of genes, or markers related with genes that upset chickens meat quality. The meat industries are consistently producing high quality meat. However, there have been profound necessities to understand the biochemical and genetic factors that affect the meat quality. The current focus is on genetic factors affecting physical quality of chicken meat. Further, pH of meat plays a vital role in the evaluation of quality of freshness as well as seasonal meat products. Complex quantitative traits such as water holding capacity (WHC) and drip associated meat quality features is also affected due to multiple genes. Meat tenderness got a substantial genetic constituent. Earlier research on gene expression exposed a massive set of genes which are mentioned in clusters of high/low pH and drip loss. These biological trails were the basis of the candidate genes. This is one of the reasons why the identification of a single gene with ample influence on chickens’ meat quality is very difficult. So, the main focus of this review is to compile identified candidate genes and single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) associated with meat quality traits of chicken.
Stock Market Efficiency under the Cost of Carry Model. Evidence from the Spanish Market

This paper studies the conceptual framework of the calculation of the theoretical price of the future based on the cost of carry model and assesses the results of applying this model to the closing prices of the Spanish Market for 2007-2015. Whilst most of the research carried out into market efficiency and the arbitrage opportunities are focused on time series analysis with minute interval, this study analyses the efficiency at the end of the day. This information is particularly relevant to assess the efficacy of the hedging strategy in the daily accounting results of mutual and pension funds, insurance companies and other asset management portfolios. The results obtained suggest that the Spanish Stock Market can be considered efficient, since there are no significant differences between the market and the theoretical price of the future on IBEX 35. The effect of volatility in market efficiency has also been tested, with the result that the most volatile part of the sample presents an absolute percentage error which almost doubles that of the least volatile. Recent negative interest rate period has been separately analysed too in order to assess an eventual source of inefficiency: no significant impact has been observed in that respect.
The Effects of Orienting Instructions on Readers’ Ability to Recall Literal Information from Expository Texts

Abstract This study aimed to examine whether instructing readers to judge text information can impair or facilitate their ability to recall information from expository texts of different genres. Experiment One used four expository texts and examined three types of orienting instructions: To answer pre-text questions, to be prepared to answer questions after the reading the text, to be prepared to judge the knowledge introduced in the text. The results of the study indicated that the use of pre-text questions did not improve readers’ performance in a recall test; in fact, they impaired the readers’ overall recall ability. However, being forewarned that they would be asked to provide a judgment on the information contained within a passage after reading it did enhance the participants’ ability to recall information from expository texts. Experiment 2 used the same four expository texts and examined the relationship between text recall and participants’ judgement of text information with particular cognitive abilities. The results reveal variations in the patterns of correlations between recall and rating of the text and other cognitive factors across the different text genres. The outcomes and implications of this research are discussed in this paper.
In silico analysis of hemagglutinin, neuraminidase, and matrix2 of H5N1 virus Indonesian strain rela

In the year of 2007, avian influenza outbreak which occurred in Indonesia caused mortality of almost 85% from detected avian influenza cases. Comparing the mortality rate in Indonesia to other countries with avian influenza outbreak, WHO announced that HPAI H5N1 Indonesia has the highest pathogenicity. Mutations with either antigenic shift or antigenic drift can influence the pathogenicity of influenza virus. Studies on hemagglutinin (HA), neuraminidase (NA), and matrix2 (M2) have been carried out because these three proteins have important roles in the infection process of avian influenza virus. In silico analysis was done by multiple alignment and phylogenetic tree construction. Hemagglutinin mutation was observed at the cleavage site and at the active site, while neuraminidase mutation and matrix2 mutation was observed at the active site. The amino acid character shift from hydrophilic to hydrophobic influenced the virus pathogenicity. The mutation analysis result was utilized for hemagglutinin cleavage by pro-P prediction, 3-D structure prediction, molecular docking simulation, and molecular dynamics simulation. Based on mutation analysis on hemagglutinin cleavage site, a R-X-K/R-R pattern was obtained for H5N1 Indonesia and H5N1 HongKong. Pro-P prediction results showed that the pattern which causes hemagglutinin HPAI H5N1 could be easily cut by Furin. 3-D structure analysis using molecular docking and molecular dynamics also showed that hemagglutinin and neuraminidase H5N1 Indonesia bind better with human sialic acid receptor. Meanwhile H5N1 virus's matrix2 protein gave resistance to amantadine and rimantadine. Results from the analysis revealed a relation between hemagglutinin, neuraminidase, and matrix2 mutation with the pathogenicity of H5N1 in Indonesia.
Pre-Operative Anaemia Predicts Poor Outcomes in Patients Undergoing Infra-Inguinal Bypass Surgery

Objectives: Critical limb ischaemia (CLI) requiring infra-inguinal bypass is a common presentation to the vascular surgery service. A significant number of CLI patients also present with anaemia as a comorbidity, the impact of which is unknown. We reviewed the impact of anaemia on mortality and amputation in patients who underwent infra-inguinal bypass surgery. Methods: Demographic data from all patients who underwent infra-inguinal bypass surgery for CLI at the Flinders Medical Centre & Repatriation General Hospital, South Australia between January 2005 and January 2010 were recorded. Haemoglobin (Hb) level, serum creatinine (SCr) level, mortality and amputation events were also recorded for retrospective analysis. Results: 190 patients (141M, 49F) who underwent infra-inguinal bypass surgery over a 5 year period were analyzed. 100 (53%) of these patients had mild anaemia (mean Hb 113 g/L, mean for females 103 g/L, mean for males 116 g/L). Those who presented with anaemia were more likely to have diabetes and renal dysfunction as comorbidities. Anaemia had a significant negative impact on mortality with 30% deaths in those who were anaemic compared to 15.6% deaths in those without anaemia odds ratio (OR) 1.76, 95% CI: 0.90 - 3.48, p < 0.01. This relationship was similar when looking at amputation as an outcome; with the number of amputations in those who were anaemic preoperatively 14% vs 6.7% in those who were not anaemic, OR 2.56, 95% CI: 1.00 - 6.54, p = 0.05. The negative impact of anaemia on mortality 43.5% vs 18.8% was also noted in patients who did not have diabetes or impaired renal function as a comorbidity p < 0.05. Conclusions: Anaemia is a common comorbidity in patients presenting with CLI and it predicts poor outcomes after infra-inguinal bypass. The role of transfusion is debatable, but it is clear that this group of patients requires careful management during the perioperative period to ensure they are medically optimized.
Quantum phase transition: Van Vleck antiferromagnet in a magnetic field

Theoretical description of magnetic properties of antiferromagnetic state, induced by the longitudinal magnetic eld, in the Van Vleck n singlet n magnet with single-ion anisotropy of ieasy-planei type and ion spin S = 1 is proposed. It is shown that the quantum phase transition to the antiferromagnetic state is connected with the spontaneous appearance of spin polarization in the easy plane. Spin polarization of the ground nondegenerated state proves to be the order parameter of such a transition and the Landau thermodynamic approach can be employed for its (transition) description. The magnetic properties which include the eld behavior of magnetization and magnetic susceptibility of the antiferromagnetic phase in the elds of different directions are studied. An attempt is made to qualitatively compare the obtained results with the available experimental data.
Development of gelatine-based bio-film from chicken feet incorporated with sugarcane bagasse

Purpose Protein-based films have good barrier characteristics against gas compared to synthetic films, but they have poor mechanical properties and high water vapour permeability (WVP) due to their hydrophilic nature. Sugarcane bagasse (SCB) is available abundantly in Southeast Asian countries and can be potentially utilized for its cellulose to increase the stiffness of the film. Hence, the purpose of this study was to develop a gelatine-based film from chicken feet incorporated with SCB. Design/methodology/approach Film-forming solutions (FFS) from chicken feet gelatine with different percentages of glycerol (25 and 35 per cent) were prepared by casting 4.0 g of FFS onto a rimmed silicone resin plate (50 × 50 mm2). Cellulose from SCB was purified and used to prepare hydrolyzed SCB. Films with 35 per cent glycerol were selected to be incorporated with different weight percentages (2.5, 5.0, 7.5 and 10.0 per cent) of hydrolyzed SCB to increase the tensile strength (TS) and lower the WVP of the films. Mechanical properties, colour and transparency of the films were also tested. Findings Films containing 35 per cent glycerol have lower TS but higher elongation at break compared to films prepared with 25 per cent glycerol. There were no significant differences between the films with 25 per cent and 35 per cent glycerol in thickness, WVP and transparency value tests. Film incorporated with 5.0 Wt. % SCB had a slight increment in TS (23.07 MPa) compared to the control film (22.50 MPa). WVP was also lowered from 2.18 × 10−11gm−1s−1Pa−1 to 1.85 × 10−11gm−1s−1Pa−1. The other properties, namely, thickness, colour measurement and transparency value, were significantly different (p < 0.05) but nearer to the properties of the control film. Originality/value This study incorporates hydrolyzed SCB to study the potential mechanical benefits in protein-based bio-films. There is potential to utilize agricultural waste (chicken feet and SCB) to develop food packaging films.
Best Parameter Interval for Ridge Estimates byResampling Method

Ridge regression, first proposed by Horel and Kennard [1], is one of the most popular estimation procedures for combating multicollinearity in regression analysis. Although controversial, it is a widely used method to estimate the regression parameters to an ill-conditioned model. Ridge estimates seem to be motivated by a belief that, least square estimates tend to be too large, particularly when there exists any kind of multicollinearity. It gives us a smaller mean square error than OLS estimates for ill- conditioned data. In this paper the ridge procedure has been tried with an interval of shrinkage parameter which has been constructed through bootstrapping approach. Here the intention was to find such an interval for the shrinkage parameter for which the stability of the estimates could be visualized as well as expected change of sign of the parameter values could also be obtained. With this interval another important thing might roughly be obtained that for which value of the ridge parameter, the minimum GCV [2] occurs, could be found. For bootstrapping a random sample from the data matrix has been obtained for each repetition and for the stabilization of the coefficients the method of degrees of freedom trace (DF- trace), which was first proposed by Tripp [3], [14] in his doctoral dissertation, was followed.
Remaining useful life prediction of rolling bearings by the particle filter method based on degradation rate tracking

There is no doubt that remaining useful life prediction is important to the health management of modern mechanical equipment. But in most cases, the useful operational information of equipment we can get are limited, one of them is vibration signal. Particle filter is a hybrid prediction method combined with data-driven and model-based two kinds of methods. It can solve prognosis problem with the fitted prediction model only by historical data, and allow the uncertainty management. However, the prediction performance of the method is largely dependent on the prediction model and very sensitive to the initial distribution of the model parameters. These flaws limit the further development of particle filter methods in the prediction. Aiming at the shortcomings of the basic particle filter prediction method, a general prediction framework of particle filter based on degradation rate tracking is proposed in this paper. It turned away from the fitted model, and utilized the statistical rule of degradation rate of historical data to estimate and predict the degradation process of system. The effectiveness of the method proposed is validated with useful life prediction case of rolling bearings.