Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Domain decomposition based Newton methods for fluid-structure interaction problems

We review various fluid-structure algorithms based on domain decomposition techniques and we propose a new one. The standard methods used in fluid-structure interaction problems are generally "nonlinear on subdomains". We propose a scheme based on the principle "linearize first, then decompose". In other words we extend to fluid-structure problems domain decomposition techniques classically used in nonlinear elasticity. Resume. Nous faisons une revue de divers algorithmes de couplage fluide-structure bases sur des tech- niques de decomposition de domaine et nous en proposons une nouvelle. Les methodes classiquement utilisees en interaction fluide-structure sont generalement "non lineaires par sous-domaine". Le schema que nous proposons est au contraire base sur le principe "lineariser puis decomposer". Autrement dit, nousetendons aux problemes d'interaction fluide-structure des techniques de decomposition de domaine classiquement utilisees enelasticite non lineaire.
The non-detection of oscillations in Procyon by MOST: Is it really a surprise?

We argue that the non-detection of oscillations in Procyon by the MOST satellite reported by Matthews et al. (2004) is fully consistent with published ground-based velocity observations of this star. We also examine the claims that the MOST observations represent the best photometric precision so far reported in the literature by about an order of magnitude and are the most sensitive data set for asteroseismology available for any star other than the Sun. These statements are not correct, with the most notable exceptions being observations of oscillations in a Cen A that are far superior. We further disagree that the hump of excess power seen repeatedly from velocity observations of Procyon can be explained as an artefact caused by gaps in the data. The MOST observations failed to reveal oscillations clearly because their noise level is too high, possibly from scattered Earthlight in the instrument. We did find an excess of strong peaks in the MOST amplitude spectrum that is inconsistent with a simple noise source such as granulation, and may perhaps indicate oscillations at roughly the expected level.
Association of miR-497-5 p and miR-4417 Expression in Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma and Clinical Parameters Author list and affiliations :

MicroRNAs are small non-coding RNAs that are implicated in several physiological processes such as cell development, proliferation, differentiation, apoptosis, immune response and angiogenesis. In the last couple of decades, several studies on miRNA profiling in OSCC have tried to associate miRNAs with clinical characteristics such as relapse, metastasis, and survival, however, the results have been found to vary considerably, sometimes even being contradictory. The main objective of our study was to analyse and verify miRNA expression in oral squamous cell carcinoma in a Spanish population. Second, we attempted to associate the identified deregulated miRNAs with molecular pathways. 8 Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma patients and 8 healthy control samples were analysed by a microarray Affymetrix® miRNA 4.1 array plate and validated with 8 more cases using RT-qPCR. Deregulated miRNAs were studied using Diana Tools miRPath 3.0 to associate miRNA targets with molecular pathways. Microarray analysis identified 80 deregulated miRNAs (35 over-expressed and 45 under-expressed). Only miR-4975p and miR-4417 maintained its deregulated expression after validation with qPCR. Among the molecular pathways in which deregulated miRNAs could be implicated, the most statistically significant pathway was ‘proteoglycans in cancer’. No relationship was found between miR-4975p or miR-4417 expression and clinical or pathological parameters except of nodular affectation (high miR-4417 expression in patients with nodular affectation, p = 0.035) and radiotherapy (diminished miR-497-5p expression in patients who needed radiotherapy, p = 0.05). We have verified the altered expression of miR-497-5p and miR-4417 in Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma samples and related the deregulated miRNAs with the ‘proteoglycans in cancer’ pathway.
Assistance, advice and guidance with digital coaching

We present in this article the concept of digital coach. More than a traditional assistance, the digital coach allows the user to improve his/her capabilities, by guiding him/her, step by step, particularly in a vocal way, and by stimulating him/her thanks to personalized information. Those are prepared specifically according to each user (texts and synthesis voices in his/her language) and are exploited by an application running on a mobile device. That makes it possible "to be coached", digitally, and individually, during the activity, and not preliminarily and in a generic way. The application fields are diverse (sport, cooking, doityourself, culture, tourism.). A definition and a first taxonomy of digital coaches are proposed in this article. The concept is then illustrated thanks to a prototype of a coach embedded in a mobile device.
Referential Choices and Specific Language Impairment: Sensitivity to Contrast Levels and Grammatical Role

Speakers’ referential choices differ in the degree of explicitness, ranging from very explicit expressions (such as lexical NPs, e.g., the boy) to less explicit expressions (such as pronouns, e.g., he, and null elements). We examine the referential choices of children with Specific Language Impairment (SLI), in order to differentiate between the linguistic and pragmatic abilities involved in the selection of appropriate referring expressions. Existing findings on referential choices by children with SLI are currently inconsistent and have mainly been reported based on narratives. We used an elicited production task to manipulate the referent’s accessibility by means of two factors: (a) contexts that instantiate different levels of contrast (one vs. two contrasts) and (b) the grammatical role of the expression (subject vs. object). We show that children with SLI and typically developing controls produce more explicit expressions for increased contrast levels and for objects than for subjects. Although children with SLI modify the explicitness of their referring expressions according to the accessibility of referents as typically developing children do, we also find varying production rates between the groups. We discuss how these differences in production rates surface as a consequence of language impairment, although the explicitness of referential choices remains otherwise largely unaffected.
Voce PERCEPTION , PRODUCTION , ARTICULATION AND IMAGERY ARTICULATION OF ITALIAN VOWELS : AN ERP STUDY

1. ABSTRACT In the present study cortical responses to two sustained Italian vowels, /a/ and /i/ were analyzed in perception and production tasks by using the event-related potential (ERP) technique. We first aimed at re-testing whether EEG signal could mirror spectro-acoustical features of the two Italian vowels by measuring N1/P2 ERP components. Secondly, and more intriguingly, we also investigated whether the functional modulation of these earlier neural patterns could be detected in speech production tasks such as Acoustic Production, Silent production and Imagery articulation of linguistic sounds. It is important to highlight that research in language production processes by EEG measurements has been poorly investigated as yet. Actually, the main probes are carried out using indirect speech production tasks prevalently focused on lexical access aspect of word production and, moreover, these studies have achieved only by using invasive methods such as the electrocorticography: recent works with intracranial cortical recordings demonstrated distinct cortical activity patterns to different sounds segments, i.e. consonants and vowels. Accordingly, the present study intended to analyze the noteworthy characteristics of the cortical activity engaged in vowel production tasks, with the main goal to prove whether specific neuronal modulations could be reliable for a primary vowel distinction based on acoustic and articulatory configurations properties. First, we showed that the earlier auditory waveform complex N1/P2, was elicited in each experimental task irrespective of the vowel type. More interestingly, the cortical activity of the auditory cortex seems to reflect different spectro-acoustical items of the evaluated Italian vowels not only in perception task but in all speech production performance. Specifically, the vowel /a/ generated a weaker activity than /i/ as revealed by different neuronal modulations.
Hiring Through Referrals in an Experimental Market with Adverse Selection

It is well-known that informational asymmetries can prevent markets from operating efficiently. An important example is the labor market, where employers face uncertainty about the productivity of job candidates. This study explores whether employee referrals can convey information and improve welfare in such environments. In the experiment, each worker has a privately known productivity type. A social network is introduced such that each worker has a social tie to another worker. In a first stage, firms hire workers in a public (posted-offer) market. In a second stage, firms can hire new workers either in the public market or through employee referrals. Referrals occur between workers linked by a social tie and are informative because social ties are more likely between workers of similar productivity. In line with the predictions of our theoretical model, we find that firms take advantage of the opportunity to hire through referral offers, leading to more high productivity hires and increasing efficiency levels compared with a baseline treatment where there are no social ties among workers. We also discuss why adverse selection effects are reinforced in dynamic environments. JEL Classification: C92, D82, D85, E20
Risk Factors and Hypothesis for Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) in Post Disaster Survivors

Disasters, both natural and man-made, affect millions of people around the world every year. Natural disasters (e.g., earthquakes and hurricanes) and man-made disasters (e.g., traffic accidents, acts of terrorism and wars) can cause mental trauma with long-lasting consequences (Chou et al., 2005; Chou et al., 2007). The impact of a mass disaster or man-made trauma on the individual is a composite of two major elements: the catastrophic event itself and the vulnerability of those people affected by the event. To this end, post-disaster survivors need specific, systemic evaluation and management (Sapir, 1993).
Visitor Preferences for Public Beach Amenities and Beach Restoration in South Florida

Coastal erosion threatens many sandy beaches and the ecological, economic, social and cultural amenities they provide. The problem is especially chronic in South Florida. A frequent solution for beach restoration involves sand replacement, or nourishment, but is temporary, expensive, and has usually been funded by governmental sources. However, as such agencies reduce their share and require more local funding, beach nourishment must rely on other funding sources, including beach recreationists. Our study characterized three South Florida beaches and probed visitor willingness-to-pay for beach nourishment. We found that even beaches within close proximity attract different user types. Users are amenable to higher fees if they lead to greater resource protection.
A physics-based approach to flow control using system identification

Abstract Control of amplifier flows poses a great challenge, since the influence of environmental noise sources and measurement contamination is a crucial component in the design of models and the subsequent performance of the controller. A model-based approach that makes a priori assumptions on the noise characteristics often yields unsatisfactory results when the true noise environment is different from the assumed one. An alternative approach is proposed that consists of a data-based system-identification technique for modelling the flow; it avoids the model-based shortcomings by directly incorporating noise influences into an auto-regressive (ARMAX) design. This technique is applied to flow over a backward-facing step, a typical example of a noise-amplifier flow. Physical insight into the specifics of the flow is used to interpret and tailor the various terms of the auto-regressive model. The designed compensator shows an impressive performance as well as a remarkable robustness to increased noise levels and to off-design operating conditions. Owing to its reliance on only time-sequences of observable data, the proposed technique should be attractive in the design of control strategies directly from experimental data and should result in effective compensators that maintain performance in a realistic disturbance environment.
Korean-English biliteracy acquisition: Cross-language phonological and orthographic transfer

Cross-language phonological and orthographic relationship in the biliteracy acquisition of children learning to read Korean and English was investigated in this study. Forty-five Korean-English bilingual children were tested in first-language (L1; Korean) and 2nd-language (L2; English) reading skills focusing on 2 reading processes--phonological and orthographic processing. The authors found that phonological skills in L1 and L2 were strongly correlated, and Korean phonological skills explained a unique amount of variance in English pseudoword reading beyond English phonological and orthographic skills. However, there was limited orthographic skill transfer between the 2 systems. Results are discussed within the framework of universal phonological processes in learning to read. The authors conclude that bilingual reading acquisition may be a joint function of general phonological processes and orthographic-specific skills.
Universal predictions of screened modified gravity on cluster scales

Modified gravity models require a screening mechanism to be able to evade the stringent constraints from local gravity experiments and, at the same time, give rise to observable astrophysical and cosmological signatures. Such screened modified gravity models necessarily have dynamics determined by complex nonlinear equations that usually need to be solved on a model-by-model basis to produce predictions. This makes testing them a cumbersome process. In this paper, we investigate whether there is a common signature for all the different models that is suitable to testing them on cluster scales. To do this we propose an observable related to the fifth force, which can be observationally related to the ratio of dynamical-to-lensing mass of a halo, and then show that the predictions for this observable can be rescaled to a near universal form for a large class of modified gravity models. We demonstrate this using the Hu-Sawicki $f(R)$, the Symmetron, the nDGP, and the Dilaton models, as well as unifying parametrizations. The universal form is determined by only three quantities: a strength, a mass, and a width parameter. We also show how these parameters can be derived from a specific theory. This self-similarity in the predictions can hopefully be used to search for signatures of modified gravity on cluster scales in a model-independent way.
Fast hybrid density-functional computations using plane-wave basis sets

A new, very fast, implementation of the exact (Fock) exchange operator for electronic-structure calculations within the plane-wave pseudopotential method is described and carefully validated. Our method combines the recently proposed adaptively compressed exchange approach, to reduce the number of times the exchange is evaluated in the self-consistent loop, with an orbital localization procedure that reduces the number of exchange integrals to be computed at each evaluation. The new implementation, already available in the Quantum ESPRESSO distribution, results in a speedup that is never smaller than 3–4 and that increases with the size of the system, according to various realistic benchmark calculations.
The observed distribution of spectroscopic binaries from the Anglo-Australian Planet Search

We report the detection of sixteen binary systems from the Anglo-Australian Planet Search. Solutions to the radial velocity data indicate that the stars have companions orbiting with a wide range of masses, eccentricities and periods. Three of the systems potentially contain brown-dwarf companions while another two have eccentricities that place them in the extreme upper tail of the eccentricity distribution for binaries with periods less than 1000 d. For periods up to 12 years, the distribution of our stellar companion masses is fairly flat, mirroring that seen in other radial velocity surveys, and contrasts sharply with the current distribution of candidate planetary masses, which rises strongly below 10 MJ. When looking at a larger sample of binaries that have FGK star primaries as a function of the primary star metallicity, we find that the distribution maintains a binary fraction of ∼43 ± 4 per cent between −1.0 and +0.6 dex in metallicity. This is in stark contrast to the giant exoplanet distribution. This result is in good agreement with binary formation models that invoke fragmentation of a collapsing giant molecular cloud, suggesting that this is the dominant formation mechanism for close binaries and not fragmentation of the primary star's remnant protoplanetary disc.
Correcting the Bias in the Concentration Index When Income is Grouped

The problem introduced by grouping income data when measuring socioeconomic inequalities in health (and health care) has been highlighted in a recent study in this journal. We re(examine this issue and show there is a tendency to underestimate the concentration index at an increasing rate when lowering the number of income categories. This bias results from a form of measurement error and we propose two correction methods. Firstly, the use of instrumental variables (IV) can reduce the error within income categories. Secondly, through a simple formula for correction that is based only on the number of groups. We compare the performance of these methods using data from 15 European countries and the United States. We find that the simple correction formula reduces the impact of grouping and always outperforms the IV approach. Use of this correction can substantially improve comparisons of the concentration index both across countries and across time.
From Apparent to Real Age: Gender, Age, Ethnic, Makeup, and Expression Bias Analysis in Real Age Estimation

Real age estimation in still images of faces is an active area of research in the computer vision community. However, very few works attempted to analyse the apparent age as perceived by observers. Apparent age estimation is a subjective task, which is affected by many factors present in the image as well as by observer's characteristics. In this work, we enhance the APPA-REAL dataset, containing around 8K images with real and apparent ages, with new annotated attributes, namely gender, ethnic, makeup, and expression. Age and gender from a subset of guessers is also provided. We show there exists some consistent bias for a subset of these attributes when relating apparent to real age. In addition we run simple experiments with a basic Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) showing that considering apparent labels for training improves real age estimation rather than training with real ages. We also perform bias correction on CNN predictions, showing that it further enhance final age recognition performance.
Predicting Dense Regions in Dynamic Graphs

Many of the real-world interactions and processes over the time can be modelled using dynamic graphs. Temporal aspect of dynamic graphs poses lot of interesting problems and has generated lot of interest in research community off-late. We consider solving one such problem, which is prediction of dense regions in dynamic graphs. Density prediction in dynamic graphs involves the study of the growth processes of dynamic graphs and building models to assist in the temporal density prediction. In other words the model would predict the dense regions in a dynamic graph. Given the history of graphs over time, question is, how to predict the graph at a future time t and its dense regions? We present a three phase approach to solve this problem that includes temporal graph summarization, time based node and link prediction at each time step and min-cut partitioning to find dense regions. We also highlight many different applications and real scenarios where our work would find it’s application. At the end, we present our initial results that show effectiveness and efficacy of our proposed approach.
Timing of volcanism along the northern East Pacific Rise based on paleointensity experiments on basaltic glasses

[1] Samples from two adjacent and contrasting ridge segments along the East Pacific Rise were measured for their magnetic paleointensity in order to further explore the possibilities of dating very young volcanic samples using secular variations in the Earth's magnetic field. The ridge segment north of the Orozco transform fault (15°22′–16°20′N) is the shallowest and broadest along more than 5000 km of the East Pacific Rise, whereas the adjacent segment to the north (16°16′–18°N) has a “typical” morphology for its intermediate spreading rate. Both ridge segments were densely sampled during the PANR01MV cruise and 36 samples of axial lava flows, consisting mainly of glasses from the rims of the flows and some fragments of lobate basalts, were selected from this collection for paleointensity experiments. The Coe version of the Thellier double-heating procedure (in air) was used. Twenty-seven units provide internally consistent paleointensity estimates leading to precise estimates of the paleofield, which range between 8 μT and 57 μT. Comparisons with reference paleointensity curves compiled from subaerial flows, archeomagnetic data and sedimentary records projected to the sampling site coordinates show that the measured values can be used to constrain the volcanic history of the ridge segments over the past few thousand years. A good agreement was found between apparent “freshness” of the glasses, the geochemistry of the lavas, and their magnetic paleointensity values. The inflated southern segment seems characterized by recent activities as indicated by numerous flows with paleointensities clustering around today's value (39 μT) or around the high values typical of 2000–3000 years ago (∼55 μT). We interpret this distribution to indicate the flooding by effusive lava flows of the entire axial plateau some 2000–3000 years ago, followed by a volcanic phase producing smaller volume lava flows confined to the innermost 200 m of the ridge axis. The northern ridge segment is characterized by dispersed paleointensity values consistent with a series of small eruptions of diverse ages. Samples collected at the tips of both ridge segments across the 16°20′N axial discontinuity have the lowest paleointensities and are thus thought to be significantly older, consistent with models advocating reduced magmatism near ridge axis discontinuities. This study demonstrates the strong potential of paleointensity measurements as a tool to help constrain volcanic history at ridge axes.