Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of Internet education to increase dietary calcium intake in youth

Evaluation of Internet Education to Increase Dietary Calcium Intake in Youth. (August 2003) Valerie Suzanne Henderson, B.S., Texas A&M University Co-Chairs of Advisory Committee: Dr. Debra B. Reed Dr. H. Wayne Sampson In recent years, dietary calcium intake among children and adolescents has fallen sharply. This trend is alarming because childhood and adolescence are the primary ages for building bone mass. Therefore, an interactive website, Clueless in the Mall (http://calcium.tamu.edu) was developed targeting youth to increase knowledge, improve attitudes, and equip them to incorporate calcium-rich foods into their diets. This website was created with the help of adolescents at every stage of development and has been pilot tested with adolescents at home and in school, showing improvements in knowledge and attitudes. However, the website has not been tested for effectiveness in changing behaviors, specifically for increasing calcium intake. The present study was conducted to measure the effectiveness of the website for changing knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors. The hypothesis of this investigation was that the website intervention would significantly improve attitudes and knowledge about calcium and increase dietary calcium intake among adolescents and pre-adolescents who took part in the study. After the group-administered Food Frequency Questionnaire (FFQ) was validated among a local church youth group, a total of 126 middle school and high school students were recruited from 12 local public school classes to participate. Each student took three questionnaires during class time to measure baseline knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors (including calcium intake using the FFQ). Then each student took one class period to view the calcium website. Four to six weeks later, the investigators returned to administer the same three tests to each student. Demographic information was collected, and data were analyzed using paired samples t-tests and analyses of variance (ANOVA). Results demonstrated that the website alone was sufficient to improve knowledge scores; however, it was not enough to change attitudes and behaviors significantly. In conclusion, the website should be used to promote and reinforce health behaviors, but should not be expected to stand alone as an intervention.
Congruence between Staff and Lead Physicianâs Ability to Adapt to Change in a Pediatric Medical Home Project

Objective: In the era of continuous quality improvement, practices must be ready to implement new ideas and processes. Alignment between staff and practice leadership is crucial to implementation. This study assesses the level of congruence that physician leaders and staff report about their ability to adapt to change. Methods: Survey data were collected from staff working in 20 Florida pediatric practices and a physician leader from each practice. Both surveys assessed adaptive reserve which measures the ability of the practice to adapt to change by asking questions about their willingness to make changes, problem solving skills, communication, and general team dynamics. Overall, 170 staff members completed the staff survey with a response rate of 42.6% and twenty lead physicians completed the physician leader survey for a response rate of 100%. Descriptive, bivariate, and multivariate analyses were conducted. Results: Among all staff, 30% were in high levels of agreement with their lead physician while 23.5% were in low levels of agreement with their lead physician. Practices with older staff were found to be the most aligned. Practices with one to three physicians were associated with decreased odds of congruence (Odds ratio=0.16). Staff ages 41 to 50 were associated with increased odds of congruence versus their younger counterparts (OR=5.77). Conclusions: Adaptive reserve inventory and alignment should be seen as an investment and a priority by practices, medical home facilitators, and policymakers. A team approach is essential for patient-centered medical home implementation. Staff should be considered stakeholders in the medical home transformation and their feedback should be sought throughout the process and acted on in a timely manner.
6-(4-Bromophenyl)-2-(4-fluorobenzyl)imidazo[2,1-b][1,3,4]thiadiazole

In the title compound, C17H11BrFN3S, the imidazothiadiazole and bromophenyl rings are individually almost planar, with maximum deviations of 0.0215 (4) and 0.0044 (4) Å, respectively, and are inclined at an angle of 27.34 (3)° with respect to each other. The dihedral angle between the mean planes of the fluorobenzyl and imidazothiadiazole rings is 79.54 (3)°. The crystal structure is stabilized by intermolecular C—H⋯N interactions resulting in chains of molecules along the b axis.
Taquicardia supraventricular en el embarazo. A propósito de un caso

The pregnant is a physiological state, that produces different changes in the cardiac frequency, circulating volume and cardiac output, besides; it has been considered for many authors as a pro arrhythmic state, either in those who present a new event or patients with history of cardiac disease. The symptomatology of these arrhythmias can be confused with the physiology changes of a pregnant woman. The treatment of these arrhythmias, even its well established with grades of recommendations and levels of evidence, can produce doubt at the moment of presentation, thinking in the welfare of bionomy, and the possible complications inherent of the www.medigraphic. org.mx
The importance of the primary dentition to children - Part 1: Consequences of not treating carious teeth

Humans are diphyodonts, which means that they have two successive sets of teeth: primary and permanent. The primary teeth are important in a child's life as they help in mastication, in speech, contribute to aesthetics and preserve the integrity of the dental arches, finally guiding permanent teeth into their correct positions. Dental caries (decay) which is avoidable, remains a common chronic disease of early childhood with an occurrence rate five times higher than that of asthma and seven times higher than that of allergic rhinitis. Untreated carious teeth in young children frequently lead to pain and infection, necessitating emergency visits to the dentist. Carious teeth in early childhood are not only indicative of future dental problems, they also adversely affect growth and cognitive development by interfering with nutrition, sleep and concentration at school. In addition, they may have a significant impact on an individual's quality of life. Primary teeth are not always given a high priority although physicians and health policy-makers have an interest in playing an active role in children's oral health, owing possibly to lack of simple well-defined practical guidelines to follow when performing dental screenings and other activities relating to the infant's oral health. Also, many parents are unaware of the importance of primary teeth; consequently, dental attendance's before the age of two years are uncommon. They consider primary teeth to be only temporary and think that related problems are rarely life-threatening. Intervention to prevent or arrest dental caries should focus on reducing the availability of refined carbohydrates (substrate), reducing the microbial burden (causative organism), increasing the resistance of the teeth (host) to caries, or a combination of these approaches. Nevertheless, dental caries can be effectively treated using various restorative materials with suitable pain control measures. This is possible if proper advice and referral is made by medical practitioners who have early and often frequent contact with young children. There seems to be no logical reason for leaving carious primary teeth untreated in a child's mouth. Early recognition and timely referral of infants and young children with dental caries is critical in preventing the unpleasant complications. Primary care providers who have contact with children are well placed to offer anticipatory advice to reduce the consequences of dental caries.
The competences of leadership of senior students in Portugal

Thus, this research study intends to analyze the characteristics of leadership of the pupils of secondary education in two schools (one urban and another rural) of the Autonomous Region of Madeira (Portugal) and looks for determining the existing differences concerning the type of school and the gender of the students in eight distinct domains: 1) self management; 2) interpersonal relations; 3) problem solving/decision making; 4) cognitive development/critical analysis; 5) organization and planning; 6) self-confidence; 7) diversity awareness; and, 8) technology.
4-Ethylphenol

The title compound, C8H10O, crystallizes with three molecules in the asymmetric unit. O—H⋯O hydrogen bonds form cooperative chains connecting the molecules along [100]. On the unitary graph level, this pattern is assigned a DDD descriptor. The ternary descriptor is C 3 3(6).
Les thérapies innovantes au CHU dans les maladies inflammatoires chroniques de l'intestin (MICI)

Les maladies inflammatoires chroniques de l'intestin (MICI), la maladie de Crohn et la rectocolite ulcerohemorragique sont des maladies assez frequentes dans nos regions et grevees d'une importante alteration de la qualite de vie. Les nouveaux traitements biologiques developpes dans ces maladies sont potentiellement tres efficaces, mais sont aussi tres couteux et presentent une toxicite potentielle. Dans cet article, les auteurs retracent les traitements innovants utilises au CHU depuis 10 ans dans les MICI. Plus de 20 protocoles cliniques ont ete menes durant cette periode. Ces protocoles ont permis aux patients d'acceder tres rapidement a des nouveaux traitements efficaces, de beneficier de techniques prometteuses d'evaluation de leur maladie et d'avoir une prise en charge regulierement remise en question a la lumiere des decouvertes therapeutiques les plus recentes.
An empirical investigation of gaming destination images

An Empirical Investigation of Gaming Destination Images by Erin Kneesel Dr. Seyhmus Baloglu, Examination Committee Chair Assistant Professor of Hotel Administration University of Nevada, Las Vegas This research is an investigation of the images and perceptions of four selected gaming destinations Las Vegas, Atlantic City, Chicagoland (IL, IN), and Cormecticut in order to uncover their perceived strengths and weaknesses. The evaluation of each destination will be done through evaluating cognitive perceptions, affective perceptions, overall image, and behavioral intentions throi^h a combination of quantitative and qualitative questions. The study was able to determine that there are significant differences between the perceptions of each of the four destinations. The strengths and weaknesses of each of the gaming markets can be identified to aid marketers in formulating a more effective marketing campaign and positioning strategy, as well as help to enhance the image management of each gaming destination. Overall Las Vegas was rated the top gaming market on all but one of the cognitive variables, cleanliness of environment. Interestingly, Las Vegas as given the highest mean score on the cognitive variables of family appeal and adult appeal. Throughout the majority of variables Atlantic City was mostly rated second to Las Vegas with Chicagoland and Connecticut
Thyroid screening in pregnancy - a compulsory preventive activity

ABSTRACT Obiectives: To assess the prevalence of thyroid dysfunction in a group of pregnant women, originating from Dobrogea region of southeastern Romania, considered to be an area without iodine deficiency, including the Black Sea area. Materials and methods: We enrolled 324 pregnant women in different trimesters of pregnancy. Each case was reviewed by a detailed madical history, clinical examination and by serum dosage of thyroid hormones: TSH, FT4, and the antithyroidperoxidase. They were evaluated by comparison with trimester -specific reference range for TSH recommended by American Thyroid Association, then the results were compared with those obtained using the manufacturers reference range. Abortion rate was also analysed. Results: The prevalence of thyroid dysfunction was different in all the 3 trimesters: subclinical hypothyroidism being the most frequently approx. 24% of all cases; 7% of pregnant women had overt hypothyroidism. Incidence of thyrotoxicosis in entire study cases was approx. 5.5%. The most frecvent thyroid autoimune disorders were Hashimoto thyroiditis: 42 % - I trimester, 26,6% in II trimester and about 12,5 % in III-trimester; Graves disease have an incidence of only 0,9 % (n=3). The difference between reference methods eluded a lower number of cases using manufactures reference range for TSH (P< 0,001), but higher for recommended trimester - specific TSH value, confirming the undervalueted hypothesis. The risk of misclassifying the hypothyroidism is between 3 %-8 %. Conclusion: Necessity for thyroid hormone dosage periodic/trimesterly/ in pregnancy is a preventive measure. The reference values for hormonal dosage requires trimester-specific assessment. The possibility of hormonal disorders during pregnancy is common. The need for specific therapy at diagnosis depends on the nature of hormonal disorder. Further precautions are needed in pregnant women with known autoimmune thyroid disorder or newly diagnosed
Differential B cell responses are induced during infection by Mycobacterium tuberculosis encoded PE antigens Rv1169c, Rv0978c and Rv1818c

The multigene PE and PPE family represents about ten percent of the genome of Mycobacterium tuberculosis. We here report that three members of PE family namely Rv1169c, Rv0978c and Rv1818c elicit strong, but differential, B cell humoral response among different clinical categories of tuberculosis patients. The study population (n = 211) comprised different clinical groups of both adult and children patients; Group 1 (n = 94) patients with pulmonary infection, Group 2 (n = 30) patients with relapsed infection, Group 3 (n = 31) patients with extrapulmonary infections and clinically healthy donors (n = 56). Among studied PE proteins, group 1 category of adult patients sera reacted to Rv1818c and Rv0978c, while Rv1169c elicited immunoreactivity in group 3 children patients. However all three studied PE antigens as well as 19-kDa antigen did not demonstrate humoral reactivity with group 2 relapsed infection patients sera. The current study show that, while responsiveness to all three PE antigens is a good marker for M. tuberculosis infection, a strong response to Rv0978c or to Rv1818c by group 1 pulmonary infection category of adult patients or largely restricted reactivity to Rv1169c antigen in children patients with extrapulmonary infections offer the possibility of differential serodiagnostic utility of tuberculosis.
3,4,5-Trimethoxy-4′-methylbiphenyl

In the title compound, C16H18O3, the dihedral angle between the benzene rings is 33.4 (2)°. In the crystal, mol-ecules are packed in a zigzag arrangement along the b-axis and are inter-connected via weak C-H⋯O hydrogen bonds, and C-H⋯π inter-actions involving the meth-oxy groups and the benzene rings of neighbouring molecules.
Spontaneous abortions (miscarriages): Analysis of cases at a tertiary center in North Central Nigeria

Background: Spontaneous abortion (miscarriage) is a source of pregnancy loss globally. Its management, especially in low resource countries remains hampered by inadequate facilities for evaluation. Objectives: To assess the clinical presentation, diagnosis, and treatment of cases of spontaneous abortion at a tertiary hospital in Ilorin, Nigeria. Methodology: A descriptive study of all spontaneous abortions (miscarriages) managed at the University of Ilorin Teaching Hospital, Ilorin, Nigeria between January 1, 2007 and December 31, 2011. The records were retrieved from the medical records department and necessary information retrieved. Results: There were 603 miscarriages with a prevalence of 4.2%; incomplete miscarriage was the most common 254 (42.1%), 356 (59.0%) had no identifiable risk factor; 434 (72%) of the women were <35 years; 361 (59.9%) had first trimester miscarriages, 272 (45.1%) were of low parity (Para 0-1) and 223 (37%) were having a repeat miscarriage. Of the 141 managed for threatened miscarriage, pregnancy was salvaged in 90 (63.8%), 244 (40.5%) had surgical evacuation with 100% success rate while 218 (36.2%) had medical management with 90.8% success rate. The mean duration of admission was shortest with surgical management (2.03 ΁ 1.1 days) and post-abortion infection rate was 11 (2.6%). Histology confirmed product of conception in 98% and molar gestation in 2% of the samples; no mortality was recorded in this study. Conclusion: More than half of women with miscarriages had no identifiable risk factors mainly due to limitation in facilities for evaluation; there is a need to improve facilities for investigating women with spontaneous abortions in developing countries to identify the causes of the losses.
Modeling Public Health Care Expenditure Using Patient Level Data: Empirical Evidence from Italy

In this work we present some results obtained with a unique database of patient level data collected through GPs. The availability of such data opens new scenarios and paradigms for the planning and management of the health care system and for policy impact evaluation studies. The dataset, representative of the Italian population, contains detailed information on prescribed drugs, laboratory tests, outpatient visits and hospitalizations of more than 2 millions patients, managed by 900 GPs overtime. This pool of registers has produced a stock of information on about 25 millions of medical diagnosis, 100 millions of laboratory and diagnostic tests, 10 millions of blood pressure measurements and 50 millions of drug prescriptions. Using this novel dataset we analyze the expenditures of the Italian NHS over time, across age and geographical areas for the period from 2004 to 2011.
1-(4-Bromobenzyl)-2-(4-bromophenyl)-1H-benzimidazole

There are two molecules in the asymmetric unit of the title compound, C20H14Br2N2. In the first, the dihedral angles between the mean plane of the benzimidazole group and those of the 4-bromobenzyl and 4-chlorophenyl groups are 50.72 (17) and 71.29 (16)°, respectively, while the corresponding angles in the second molecule are 42.09 (16) and 89.05 (17)°. The 4-bromobenzyl and 4-bromophenyl groups make an angle of 68.1 (2) and 85.1 (21)° with each other in the two molecules. In the crystal, weak C—H⋯N and C—H⋯Br hydrogen bonds link the molecules along the c-axis direction. Br⋯Br interactions [3.5733 (9)Å] are also observed.
Factors associated with survival in patients with meningioma.

OBJECT To explore factors affecting the survival rate in patients with meningiomas, the authors used the National Cancer Data Base (NCDB), which includes tumors from approximately 1000 hospitals participating in the American College of Surgeons tumor registry program. METHODS Analysis included over 9000 cases diagnosed from 1985 to 1988 and 1990 to 1992. Survival estimates were computed and prognostic factors were identified using a proportional hazards model. The overall 5-year survival rate was 69% and it declined with patient age. This rate was 81% in patients aged 21 to 64 years and 56% for patients 65 years of age or older. When patients were grouped by the histological type of their tumors, those with benign tumors had an overall 5-year survival rate of 70%, whereas the overall 5-year survival rates in patients with atypical and malignant meningiomas were 75% and 55%, respectively. Prognostic factors for benign tumors included age at diagnosis, tumor size, whether treated surgically, hospital type, and radiation therapy; for malignant tumors, the prognostic factors included: age at diagnosis, whether treated surgically, and radiation therapy. These factors were statistically significant. The 5-year rate for recurrence of symptoms (regardless of the method of treatment) was 19.2% for those with benign tumors and 32.4% for those with malignant tumors. In patients whose benign tumor had been completely removed, the 5-year rate of tumor recurrence was 20.5%. CONCLUSIONS Although not population-based, the NCDB has the potential for providing pertinent information regarding patient characteristics and methods of treatment for benign, as well as malignant, brain tumors.
Tratamiento conservador del cáncer de mama: valoración de los resultados

Introducción: La asociación de cirugía limitada y radioterapia es el tratamiento de elección para un gran número de mujeres con cáncer de mama; no obstante esta opción terapéutica va asociada a un número no despreciable de recidivas sobre la mama tratada (1- 1,5% por año de seguimiento). Material y Métodos: Se analizan 641 casos de mujeres con cáncer de mama, tratados mediante cirugía conservadora de la mama y radioterapia y seguidos durante una media de 50 meses. La técnica consistió preferentemente en la practica de una Resección Segmentaria de mama con vaciamiento axilar, al menos de los niveles I y II (excepto en los CIS a partir de 1997), complementada con la administración de Radioterapia (45-50 Gy sobre la mama y una sobreimpresión de 15-20 Gy). Resultados: La edad media fue de 52.3 años, con extremos en 21 y 82 años. El tamaño medio tumoral fue pT: 1,7 cm y el 63,1% de los casos correspondieron a tumores pT1. En 41 casos no se realizó vaciamiento axilar (35 CIS y 6 pT1mic). En 4 casos existió afectación puntual de bordes (componente intraductal) que fueron sometidos a sobreimpresión radioterápica con 20Gy. Tras un seguimiento medio de 50 meses, el 91,4% están libres de enfermedad y en 12 casos (1,9%) se desconocía su estado. Se han producido 13 recidivas (2%) a nivel mamario (2 de ellas en un cuadrante distinto). Conclusiones: El estado de los bordes de resección en un factor fundamental en la cirugía conservadora del cáncer de mama. La resección del tumor debe ser suficientemente amplia e incluir el segmento mamario asiento del tumor, para asegurar un alto índice de control local, sin comprometer el resultado cosmético. El estudio histológico de los bordes de resección permite reducir significativamente la necesidad de una segunda cirugía.