Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Intracellular dynamics of CA3 pyramidal cells underlie changes in firing output during theta and large irregular activity

The hippocampal CA3 subregion integrates multimodal information processed in the entorhinal cortex and is important for rapid memory encoding. Different behaviors are correlated with distinct brain states characterized by specific oscillations in the hippocampal local field potential (LFP). Large Irregular Activity (LIA) is present during quiet wakefulness, and theta oscillations are present during exploratory behaviors. To support the various functions of CA3, its pyramidal cells (PCs) must change their activity depending on the brain state of the animal. To better understand the dynamic relationship between network and single-cell properties in CA3, we have made simultaneous whole-cell patch-clamp and LFP recordings during brain states occurring spontaneously in awake head-fixed mice free to run on a wheel. During theta, most CA3 PCs hyperpolarize, have lower amplitude subthreshold fluctuations, and reduce their firing rate. In contrast, during LIA, CA3 PCs have larger amplitude subthreshold fluctuations, tend to depolarize and increase their firing rate. These intracellular dynamics highlight single-cell state-dependent changes in the CA3 network, ensuring optimal integration and transfer of information.
Cervical Cancer and Screening Method: Knowledge, Attitude and Practice among Women Living in Adama Town

Introduction: Globally, cervical cancer is the third most common cancer in women. In 2008 there were an estimated 529,000 new cases. The majority of cervical cancer deaths occur in women who are never screened or treated and in women with well-described sexual and reproductive risk factors, such as an early sexual debut, a history of multiple sexual partners, and a high number of live births. Objective: To assess the level of knowledge, attitude and practice of cervical cancer screening. Methods: A community based cross sectional design was conducted. A total of 390 study participants were recruited. Multistage sampling technique was used to select the respondents of the study. An interview method was employed by using a pretested structured questionnaire. Data was entered, cleaned and analyzed by SPSS version 20 statistical package. Descriptive summaries using frequencies and proportions were used to present the study results. Binary and multivariable logistic regression was used to identify factors associated with the level of knowledge, attitude and practice of cervical cancer and screening method. Results: Among 390, most of them were married 247 (63.3%). Half of them were aged between 30-44 years, 199 (51%). Most of them 329 (84.4%) reported that they have heard about cervical cancer before. Nearly half (48.6%) of study participants had a good knowledge. Most of them agreed that precancerous cervical cancer screening method does not harm 219 (66.6%). It was found that literates women were more likely to be knowledgeable by 22.7 times than women who were illiterates (COR=22.7 95% CI 3.0, 170.9 AOR=12.7 95% CI 1.6, 98.6). Conclusion: Nearly half of study participants had good knowledge toward cervical cancer. Most of study participants had positive attitude but very few of them were tested for cervical cancer. The most associated factors for knowledge, attitude and practice regarding cervical cancer screening method were educational status, occupational status, and family history of cervical cancer.
Role of MSX1 Gene Mutation as Predictive Factor in Cleft Palate/Lip-A Mini Review on Facial Skeletal Malformations

Syndromic cases of cleft lip/palate are associated with genes like MSX1 and PAX9 in formation of cleft lip/palate discussed in previous studies [1]. In knockout humans and mice, the phenotypic abnormalities are manifested due to MSX gene mediated inductive interactions. MSX1, IRF6 PVRL1, and TBX22 causes syndromic oral clefts as a single gene defect have been identified [2,3]. These are good candidate genes for some instances of nonsyndromic Cleft lip/palate and CPO because it has been shown that reduced activity of the proteins they encode can affect oral development [4,5]. MSX1 is a homeobox gene under non-clustered category plays significant role in clefting in humans. Five variants of MSX1 mutation were found as responsible for cleft palate forming. They were: A34G, G110G, P147Q, M37L and G267A. The MSX1 gene critical for the normal development of the teeth and other structures in the mouth. MSX1 and MSX2 expressed with Bmp4 in mesenchymal cells that condense around tooth buds. Patterning of incisors, canine sand premolars and craniofacial development. The mutations within MSX1 may also lead to rare congenital defects such as Wiktop syndrome and Wolf-Hirschhorn syndrome [6,7]. Studies in knockout mice and humans indicate that defects in the genes MSX1 and PAX9 are possible causes of Non-syndromic cleft lip/palate associated with hypodontia [8]. Studies on animal research related to cellular and molecular morphogenesis of face are involved in genetic complexities in variant genes like MSX1 SHH, FGF10, SHOX2 and BMP4 were stated in the previous studies [8-10].
Evaluation of thickness of palatal masticatory mucosa in posterior teeth and its relation with age and gender

Background: To evaluate the thickness of palatal masticatory mucosa in posterior teeth by transgingival probing and determine its relation with age and gender. Materials and Methods: Forty systemically healthy volunteers with age range 16–38 years were selected based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Eighteen measurement points were made on the cast that was transferred onto the palate using clear acrylic stent to measure thickness. Three different lines a, b, and c: 3, 8, and 12 mm, respectively, from the gingival margin were made starting at the mid-palatal aspect of the canine and ending over the palatal root of the second molar. Six points were defined on each of the lines: Ca (mid-palatal aspect of the canine), P1 (mid-palatal aspect of the first premolar), P2 (mid-palatal aspect of the second premolar), M1 (palatal root of the first molar), Mi (interproximal aspect between the first and second molar), and M2 (palatal root of the second molar). Results: Soft-tissue thickness progressively increased in sites further from the gingival margin and was thickest adjacent to mid-palatal aspect of the second premolar 12 mm away from gingival margin. Younger age group patients had thinner posterior palatal mucosa as compared to older age group patients. Males had thicker posterior palatal mucosa as compared to females, but results were statistically insignificant. Conclusion: The thickness of posterior palatal mucosa showed a varied degree of variation at different marked areas in different teeth, and the difference in the mean thickness was also associated with age and gender.
Lückenschluss im Unterkiefer durch Hemisektion der 2. Milchmolaren

Bei Nichtanlagen im Unterkiefer müssen sich Behandler und Patient zwischen einem Lückenschluss, einer (implantat-)prothetischen Versorgung oder dem Belassen des Milchzahnes entscheiden. Es bestehen für jede Art der Versorgung Vor- und Nachteile, die in der kieferorthopädischen Literatur seit Jahrzehnten gegeneinander abgewogen werden. Fällt die Entscheidung zugunsten eines Lückenschlusses aus, besteht die Möglichkeit, diesen durch frühzeitige Hemisektion des 2. Milchmolars zu erleichtern und die Dauer der späteren Multibrackettherapie zu reduzieren. Der Artikel beschreibt die Methode und verdeutlicht wichtige Aspekte anhand eines klinischen Beispiels.
Impact of health status and parental attributes on academic achievement of adolescent girls in urban slum

The objectives of present research was to study the impact of health status and parental attributes on academic achievement of the adolescent girls. One hundred school and college going adolescent girls (13-18 yrs) were selected randomly for the present study from different slums of Bhubaneswar namely Sikharchandi and Saliasahi. The data was collected with the help of pre-designed and pre-tested questionnaires by interviewing them. Height & weight was measured with the help of required tools. The results of the study revealed that majority of the respondents belonged to lower income group families. Fathers were more educated in comparison to mothers. Cent percent of the respondents had positive attitude towards education. Academic performance of the respondents was found to be average/below average in majority cases. Majority of the respondents had normal nutritional status. Positive parental attitude and family support inspired them for higher education. However lower educational status and low income of the parents and poor health were found to be important constraints for their better academic achievement.
Finding common ground: agreement on increasing wildfire risk crosses political lines

Wildfire is a growing threat in the western US, driven by high fuel loads, a warming climate, and rising human activity in the wildland urban interface. Diverse stakeholders must collaborate to mitigate risk and adapt to changing conditions. Communication strategies in collaborative efforts may be most effective if they align with local perspectives on wildfire and climate change. We investigate drivers of residents’ subjective perceptions regarding both issues in eastern Oregon using 2018 survey data, and examine objective evidence regarding local fuel loads, climate, and wildfire to identify trends and contextualize residents’ perceptions. We find that sociopolitical identity strongly predicts climate change beliefs, and that identity and climate beliefs predict both perceptions of recent past climate and likely future trends. Political influences on climate perceptions are strongest among people whose friends mostly belong to the same party. In contrast, perceptions about future wildfire risks are largely independent of climate-change beliefs, and of individual or peer-group politics. Most people accurately perceive the rising frequency of large wildfires, and expect this trend to continue. Decision makers have an opportunity to engage diverse stakeholders in developing policies to mitigate increasing wildfire risk without invoking climate change, which remains politically polarizing in some communities.
Co‐evolution of coarse grain structuring and bed roughness in response to episodic sediment supply in an experimental aggrading channel

We use flume experiments to better understand how gravel‐bed channels maintain bed surface stability in response to pulses of sediment supply. Bed elevations and surface imagery at high spatial resolutions were used to quantify the co‐evolution of surface grain‐size distribution (GSD), bed roughness statistics, and bed surface structures (clusters, cells and transverse features). Using a new semi‐automated method, we identified individual stone structures over a 2 m × 1 m area throughout the experiments. After an initial coarsening, surface GSD and armouring ratio remained nearly stable as sediment pulses caused net bed aggradation. In contrast, individual grain structures continued to form, increase or decrease in size, and disappear throughout the experiments. The response of the bed to sediment pulses depended on the history of surface roughness evolution and bed surface structure development, as these factors changed much more in response to supply perturbations earlier in the experiments compared to later, even as the bed continued to aggrade. We interpret that the dynamic production and destruction of bed surface structures can act as a ‘buffer’ to sediment supply pulses, maintaining a stable bed surface during aggradation with minimal change in grain size or armouring. © 2019 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Heterolingualism and cultural integrity in Finnish translations of Anglophone Caribbean novels

This dissertation examines heterolingualism in Anglophone Caribbean novels and their Finnish translations and maps the strategies used by the Finnish translators in translating heterolingual texts. The primary focus of this dissertation is to analyse how the decisions made by the translator affect the text’s cultural integrity. When a novel is transferred from one cultural setting to another, how does the distance between these two cultural settings affect the reader’s understanding of the text, and, more importantly, what is the translator’s role in this process? The challenges of translating heterolingual literary works that are both culturally and geographically bound are examined through textual analysis as well as translator interviews. My approach to the analysis of these texts stems from the notion of postcolonial writing as a form of intercultural translation in which both the translator and the Caribbean author are seen to be employing a process of translation in producing their work. These similarities allow for both the source texts and their translations to be analysed using Translation Studies methodology. This study is thus located at an intersection between the notions of intercultural translation employed in Postcolonial Studies and the notion of interlingual translation that is at the centre of Translation Studies. With a selection of ten novels that spans five decades of translated Anglophone Caribbean fiction in Finnish, this dissertation aims to identify developments that can be seen in the translation strategies used by translators in transferring geographically and culturally bound varieties into another language. Various factors that can be seen to influence the choices made by the translators will be discussed. In addition to cultural and geographic distance, I argue that distance in terms of linguistic structure can have a significant role in how heterolingual texts are translated.
EPIToME (Early Pleurodesis via IPC with Talc for Malignant Effusion): Evaluation of a new management algorithm

Traditionally, most patients with malignant pleural effusion (MPE) have to undergo fluid drainage to assess if the underlying lung expands (or not) before being offered either pleurodesis or indwelling pleural catheter (IPC) respectively. Recent data suggest that talc can be safely instilled via IPC. Using IPC as a first-line definitive therapy for all MPE patients, followed by talc if suitable, will suit both subgroups and remove the need for prior assessment of expansion. This observational study enrolled 102 consecutive patients with symptomatic MPE (68% male) to assess the feasibility of EPIToME, a clinical algorithm incorporating results from AMPLE-1, -2, TIME-2, ASAP and IPC-Plus trials. All patients had IPC inserted and fluid evacuated. Those whose lung adequately expanded (n=47) underwent talc instillation and were discharged with daily vacuum drainages for 14 days or until pleurodesed. Using this protocol, 74% achieved pleurodesis after a median of 20 days. Patients unsuitable for talc pleurodesis (n=55) – trapped lung (n=31), prior failed pleurodesis, patient/oncologist preference - were discharged with symptom-guided drainage. All were followed for ≥120 days or till death. Only one patient needed further pleural drainage for fluid control in the first 12 months. Complications included symptomatic loculation (10%), IPC infection (7%) and reversible IPC blockage (3%). Conclusion: A high percentage of patients in the real-world unselected MPE population were not suitable for talc and first-line IPC offered optimal care. For those eligible, IPC combined with inpatient talc slurry pleurodesis, followed by daily home drainage provided good success rates.
Effekte einer proteinoptimierten Ernährung in Kombination mit moderatem Krafttraining auf den postoperativen Verlauf bei älteren Patienten mit Hüftfraktur

Zusammenfassung Hintergrund Die Sarkopenie ist ein signifikanter Prädiktor für Stürze und Brüche, die in Verlust der Selbstständigkeit resultieren können. Das primäre Ziel der vorliegenden Studie war es, die Effekte einer proteinoptimierten Ernährung auf den postoperativen Verlauf bei älteren Patienten mit Hüftfraktur zu untersuchen. Material und Methodik Es wurden 40 ältere Patienten (Durchschnittsalter: 79,5 Jahre) mit einer hüftnahen Fraktur in die Studie inkludiert und durch Randomisierung entweder der Interventionsgruppe (n = 20) oder der Kontrollgruppe (n = 20) zugewiesen. Patienten in der Interventionsgruppe erhielten im Vergleich zur Kontrolle mit Standardkost eine eiweißoptimierte Kost und absolvierten ein moderates Krafttraining. Das Mini Nutritional Assessment diente zur Erkennung einer Mangelernährung. Albumin und Präalbumin, anthropometrische und Funktionsparameter wurden zum Zeitpunkt der Aufnahme, der Entlassung und zum 1-Monat-Follow-up bestimmt. Ergebnisse Zum Aufnahmezeitpunkt wurden 10,5 % der Probanden als mangelernährt eingestuft; bei weiteren 26,3 % lag ein erhöhtes Risiko für Mangelernährung vor. Zum Zeitpunkt der Entlassung zeigte sich ein signifikanter Unterschied (Intervention/Kontrolle) in der täglichen Energieaufnahme (1438/1219 kcal; p = 0,016) und Proteinzufuhr (70,5/52,3 g; p < 0,001). Der Präalbuminspiegel verbesserte sich in beiden Gruppen mit dem Aufenthalt, der Albuminspiegel blieb im Zeitverlauf konstant. Zum 1-Monat-Follow-up war die Interventionsgruppe stabiler gegenüber Veränderungen der fettfreien Masse als die Kontrollgruppe (– 0,3/– 1,3 kg). Signifikante Effekte auf die Muskelfunktion wurden nicht festgestellt. Schlussfolgerung Eine erhöhte Energie- und Proteinversorgung begünstigt den postoperativen Verlauf bei älteren Patienten mit Hüftfraktur. Durch eine verstärkte Zusammenarbeit der verschiedenen betreuenden Berufsgruppen könnte die Patientenversorgung in der frühen postoperativen Phase optimiert werden.
Assisted authoring for avoiding inadequate claims in scientific reporting. (Rédaction assistée pour éviter les affirmations inappropriées dans la rédaction scientifique)

Dans cette these, nous presentons notre travail sur le developpement d’algorithmes de traitement automatique des langues (TAL) pour aider les lecteurs et les auteurs d’articles scientifiques (biomedicaux) a detecter le spin (presentation inadequate des resultats de recherche). Notre algorithme se concentre sur le spin dans les resumes d’articles rapportant des essais controles randomises.Nous avons etudie le phenomene de ” spin ” du point de vue linguistique pour creer une description de ses caracteristiques textuelles. Nous avons annote des corpus pour les tâches principales de notre chaine de traitement pour la detection de spin: extraction des resultats —en anglais ” outcomes ” —declares (primaires) et rapportes, evaluation de la similarite semantique des paires de resultats d’essais et extraction des relations entre les resultats rapportes et leurs niveaux de signification statistique. En outre, nous avons annote deux corpus plus petits pour identifier les declarations de similarite des traitements et les comparaisons intra-groupe. Nous avons developpe et teste un nombre d’algorithmes d’apprentissage automatique et d’algorithmes bases sur des regles pour les tâches principales de la detection de spin (extraction des resultats, evaluation de la similarite des resultats et extraction de la relation resultat-signification statistique). La meilleure performance a ete obtenues par une approche d’apprentissage profond qui consiste a adapter les representations linguistiques pre-apprises specifiques a un domaine (modeles de BioBERT et SciBERT) a nos tâches. Cette approche a ete mise en oeuvre dans notre systeme prototype de detection de spin, appele DeSpin, dont le code source est librement accessible sur un serveur public. Notre prototype inclut d’autres algorithmes importants, tels que l’analyse de structure de texte (identification du resume d’un article,identification de sections dans le resume), la detection de declarations de similarite de traitements et de comparaisons intra-groupe, l’extraction de donnees de registres d’essais. L’identification des sections des resumes est effectuee avec une approche d’apprentissage profond utilisant le modele BioBERT, tandis que les autres tâches sont effectuees a l’aide d’une approche basee sur des regles. Notre systeme prototype a une interface simple d’annotation et de visualisation.
New Electronically Tunable Low-frequency Quadrature Oscillator Using Operational Transresistance Amplifier

ABSTRACT This paper describes, a new realization of electronically tunable low-frequency quadrature sinusoidal oscillator (LFSO) based on Operational transresistance amplifier (OTRA). The proposed structure employs two OTRAs, along with four resistors and three capacitors. The notable properties of the proposed oscillator are: (1) it bares independent controllability of frequency of oscillation (FO) through resistors without altering the condition of oscillation (CO) and vice versa; (2) suitable for MOS-C realization making FO electronically tunable (3) exhibits low passive sensitivities (4) enjoys good frequency stability properties. Besides, the roots of the characteristic equation are evaluated to calculate the condition for startup oscillations, which results in altering the property of uncoupling tuning between CO and FO to orthogonal tuning. Furthermore, the nonideal behaviour of proposed LFSO has been examined using single pole model of the OTRA. The proposed LFSO was simulated using Spectre in Cadence employing generic Process Design Kit (GPDK) 0.18 μm CMOS process. The post-layout, schematic-driven simulation results obtained agree firmly with the theoretical formulations. The total harmonic distortion (THD) is found to be below 3%.
Impact of TeamSTEPPS in Intensive Care Units (ICU-STEPPS)

Objective: Positive safety culture is an essential part of successful transformative change of medical care fields. The Agency for Healthcare Quality (AHRQ) has developed TeamSTEPPS to enhance patient safety and communication. The aim of this article was to identify strengths and challenges in implementing and sustaining a good TeamSTEPPS program. Then, AHRQ survey was applied to assess its effectiveness. Setting: The ICUs of Alexandria Main University Hospital (AMUH). Methods: AHRQ hospital survey was applied before and after implementation process of TeamSTEPPS among 45 ICU residents across all ICUs. Results: Results showed marked development after implementation of TeamSTEPPS in 3 parameters: feedback and communications about errors, handoffs and transitions and frequency of events reported. Good development in communication openness and no punitive response to error. Conclusions: Using TeamSTEPPS in ICUs of AMUH was a successful tool for improving whole safety culture, developing it with continuous monitoring.