Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Motivación y Pensamiento Crítico: Aportes para el estudio de esta relación

Motivation and Critical thinking: Contribution for the study of this relationship: Dada la importancia de las habilidades de pensamiento critico y de su adquisicion por parte de los estudiantes, nos hemos interesado por los factores motivacionales que incidirian en su adquisicion y desempeno. En esta perspectiva, aparece clara la falta de instrumentos psicometricamente adecuados que permitan evaluar la motivacion y sus componentes en referencia al pensamiento critico. Por lo anterior, junto con dar cuenta de la relacion entre motivacion y pensamiento critico, presentamos la Escala Motivacional de Pensamiento Critico -(EMPC) cuyas caracteristicas psicometricas (validez de contenido, confiabilidad, discriminacion) son mas que suficientes para hacer de esta una herramienta util a la investigacion en el area.
Binaural processing in children using bilateral cochlear implants

Binaural auditory brainstem processing was examined using evoked potential measures in 40 children who were implanted early and received a second implant simultaneously or after long or short periods of unilateral implant use. Wave latencies were shorter when evoked by the experienced versus naïve implanted ear at initial bilateral activation. Binaural difference waves were detected in most children in response to apical but not basal electrode stimulation and were prolonged in latency in children implanted after long or short delays between implants. Timing differences between the implanted ears in children receiving sequential but not simultaneous bilateral implants reflect a relative immaturity of pathways innervating the second ear and results in abnormal timing of binaural processing at this initial implant stage.
Low-Profile Substrate Integrated Dielectric Resonator Antenna Implemented With PCB Process

A kind of low-profile substrate integrated dielectric resonator antenna (SIDRA) is proposed and experimentally verified at millimeter-wave (mmW) bands. The antenna is implemented with a two-layer printed circuit board (PCB) process, in which the integrated dielectric resonate radiator is fabricated in the top layer with moderate permittivity, which is fed by substrate integrated waveguide (SIW) implemented in the bottom layer with low permittivity through a coupling slot. The evolution of the SIDRA is illustrated based on the investigation of the effective permittivity of the perforated substrate. The design schemes, procedures, and simulation models are discussed in detail. Good agreement between the measurements and simulations verifies the effectiveness and feasibility of the design methodology. The proposed SIDRA shows the advantages of low profile, low cost, easy manufacture for specific-shaped DRA, high radiation efficiency, and convenient integration with other planar circuits.
ICOS-Induced B7h Shedding on B Cells Is Inhibited by TLR7/8 and TLR91

We report in this study that B7h, the ligand for the ICOS costimulatory receptor, is rapidly shed from mouse B cells following either ICOS binding or BCR engagement. Shedding occurs through proteolytic cleavage that releases the extracellular ICOS-binding region of B7h. Prior exposure of B7h-expressing APCs to ICOS-expressing cells inhibits their subsequent ability to costimulate IFN-γ and IL-4 production from CD4+ T cells. Shedding is regulated as TLR7/8 and TLR9 ligands inhibit B7h shedding. A shedding-resistant B7h mutant elicits greater costimulation of IFN-γ production from CD4+ T cells than does wild-type B7h. These data define shedding of B7h as a novel mechanism for controlling costimulatory signaling by B7-CD28 family members that is regulated on B cells by TLR signaling.
A case of complicated cerebral toxocariasis in a 4-year old child

SummaryWe report the case of a 4-year-old boy suffering from a cerebral form of toxocariasis. High serum titres of anti-Toxocara antibodies indicated that the primary infection was induced by a high number of Toxocara eggs and that the larvae did not penetrate to cerebrospinal fluid due to the hematoencephalic barrier. MRI of the patient’s brain showed multiple focal lesions spread diffusely in almost all parts of the brain, predominantly paraventricularly. These might be eosinophil-rich granulomatous infiltrates enclosing larvae. Extensive morphological changes were the cause of serious neurological symptoms, most of them being reversible after follow-up therapy. Radiology proved to be useful diagnostic method, but the specific serological assessment had a key role for the final diagnosis. In conclusion, diagnosis of this patient was intracranial primary Toxocara infection with central quadruparesis and parainfective myocarditis.
Fenómenos de transporte en sistemas moleculares en régimen de transición

El regimen de transicion en fenomenos de transporte ocurre cuando el camino libre medio de las moleculas del fluido es comparable a una distancia caracteristica del sistema. Examinaremos algunas caracteristicas del regimen de transicion y discutiremos algunos resultados experimentales en dos casos principalmente: (i) para un gas diluido en el que el camino libre medio es macroscopico, (ii) para un fluido en el que el camino libre medio es microscopico, aunque comparable a la separacion entre las superficies del sistema que lo contienen. En particular discutiremos: (j) la variacion no monotonica de la viscosidad con la presion de los gases en regimen de transicion; (jj) la posicion de senales principales de esa variacion no monotonica; (jjj) el desplazamiento de esas senales en funcion del gradiente termico externo a presion constante; (jv) la posicion en presion de esas senales en funcion de la separacion entre las superficies solidas; (v) la variacion de la viscosidad de capas delgadas de liquidos entre placas proximas a nivel atomico en funcion de la separacion entre esas placas. Por ultimo discutiremos los resultados experimentales tanto en base a argumentos cualitativos, asi como formales a partir de la ecuacion de Boltzmann en la aproximacion de tiempo de relajacion.
AK-Modell mit Staatsverschuldung und fester Defizitquote

Die Auswirkungen einer staatlichen Verschuldung auf das Wirtschaftswachstum werden im Rahmen eines erweiterten neoklassischen Wachstumsmodells mit AK-Technologie analysiert. Der Staat verfolgt das Ziel einer festen Defizitquote und einer langfristig konstanten Schuldenquote. In diesem Fall gibt es eine kritische Defizitquote, bei dessen Unterschreitung ein eindeutiger, stabiler Steady State existiert. Wird hingegen der kritische Wert uberschritten, so existiert kein Wachstumsgleichgewicht.
Transcutaneous vascular ultrasound in hypercholesterolaemic rabbits: a new method to evaluate endothelial function

Measurement of endothelial function in patients with atherosclerosis and lipid disorders is an important tool for the risk evaluation of a cardiovascular event, such as acute myocardial infarction and stroke. The feasibility of measuring endothelial function non-invasively in animal models has been limited so far. Therefore, we compared the assessment of endothelial function by in vivo transcutaneous vascular ultrasound (TVU) with the classical method of ex vivo organ bath, using the carotid artery of hypercholesterolaemic and normocholesterolaemic rabbits. The assessments of endothelial function by both techniques were performed on the same segments of the carotid artery. Vascular ultrasound detected impaired endothelium-dependent vasorelaxation induced by acetylcholine in the common carotid artery of hypercholesterolaemic rabbits. These results strongly correlated with measurements of endothelial function of isolated carotid artery rings. Furthermore, atherogenic diet caused significant fatty streak formation in the aorta, as well as significant increase of C-reactive protein and cholesterol levels. Endothelial function, an early marker of cardiovascular risk, could be non-invasively assessed and graded by TVU measurements. It correlated highly with vasoreactivity of isolated vessels in an organ bath (r 2=0.68). We conclude that vascular ultrasound in hypercholesterolaemic rabbits is a valid method for evaluating endothelial function associated with atherosclerosis.
Spiral waves in bio-inspired oscillatory media

Spiral waves are the most universal form of patterns arising in dissipative media of oscillatory and excitable nature. By focusing on oscillatory networks, whose cells admit of a Lur'e description and are linearly connected through weak couplings, the occurrence of spiral waves has been studied. In particular, the global dynamic behavior of such networks is investigated through the phase deviation equation obtained by the joint application of the harmonic balance method and Malkin's theorem. Furthermore, a simple condition for verifying the occurrence of spiral waves is provided.
Automatic Clustering Using Teaching Learning Based Optimization

Finding the optimal number of clusters has remained to be a challenging problem in data mining research community. Several approaches have been suggested which include evolutionary computation techniques like genetic algorithm, particle swarm optimization, differential evolution etc. for addressing this issue. Many variants of the hybridization of these approaches also have been tried by researchers. However, the number of optimal clusters and the computational efficiency has still remained open for further research. In this paper, a new optimization technique known as “Teaching-Learning-Based Optimization” (TLBO) is implemented for automatic clustering of large unlabeled data sets. In contrast to most of the existing clustering techniques, the proposed algorithm requires no prior knowledge of the data to be classified rather it determines the optimal number of partitions of the data “on the run”. The new AUTO-TLBO algorithms are evaluated on benchmark datasets (collected from UCI machine repository) and performance comparisons are made with some well-known clustering algorithms. Results show that AUTO-TLBO clustering techniques have much potential in terms of comparative results and time of computations.
Imaging of uterine carcinoma by carbon-11-methionine and PET.

UNLABELLED L-[methyl-11C]methionine ([11C]methionine) is probably one of the most useful positron-emitting tracers for metabolic imaging of human cancer. In this study, we investigated whether human uterine cancer can be imaged with [11C]methionine and PET. METHODS Fourteen patients with primary uterine malignancy participated in the study. Eight patients had endometrial carcinoma and six had cervical carcinoma. The normal endometrium was analyzed in four additional patients with no uterine malignancy and in one patient with cervical cancer. Tracer uptake was quantitated by calculating both the standardized uptake values (SUVs) and the kinetic influx constants (Ki values) for the tracer. RESULTS All patients with either cervical or endometrial carcinoma had increased uptake of [11C]methionine in the PET image. The mean SUV of the carcinomas was 8.4 (n = 13; s.d., 1.5) and the mean Ki was 0.15 min-1 (n = 12; s.d., 0.08 min-1), whereas the mean SUV of the normal endometrium was only 4.6 (n = 5; s.d., 0.8). Histologically poorly (Grade III) or moderately (Grade II) differentiated endometrial carcinomas accumulated more [11C]methionine than the well-differentiated (Grade I) ones (p = 0.04 for the SUVs, and p = 0.05 for the Ki values). There were also variable physiological accumulations of [11C]methionine in the pelvis. CONCLUSIONS Uterine carcinoma accumulated [11C]methionine more than the normal endometrium. However, the physiological accumulations of [11C]methionine in the pelvis may confuse the interpreter of the PET image; thus, morphological imaging also needs to be performed as a reference to localize the tumor accurately. We conclude that human uterine carcinoma can be effectively imaged with [11C]methionine and PET.
Molecular diagnostics of colorectal cancer.

CONTEXT Of all gastrointestinal tract epithelial malignancies, molecular diagnostics has impacted colorectal cancer the most. Molecular testing can detect sporadic and inherited colorectal cancers that arise through the microsatellite instability pathway and can determine the efficacy of targeted drug therapy. OBJECTIVES To review the microsatellite instability pathway of colorectal carcinoma carcinogenesis and to demonstrate the diagnostic utility of molecular testing in the detection of patients with Lynch syndrome, an inherited disorder of this pathway. Also, to review the significance of detection of KRAS and BRAF gene mutations in predicting the response to anti-epidermal growth factor receptor therapies. DATA SOURCES This article is based on original publications and review articles that are accessible through the PubMed biomedical database (US National Library of Medicine). CONCLUSIONS In modern pathology practice, molecular testing is a standard tool that is used to diagnose an inherited colorectal cancer predisposition syndrome (Lynch syndrome) and to help predict outcome and response to therapy for patients with advanced colorectal cancer.
Study of the risk-adjusted pricing methodology model with methods of geometrical analysis

Families of exact solutions are found to a nonlinear modification of the Black–Scholes equation. This risk-adjusted pricing methodology (RAPM) model incorporates both transaction costs and risk from a volatile portfolio. Using the Lie group analysis, we obtain the Lie algebra admitted by the RAPM equation. It gives us the possibility to describe an optimal system of subalgebras and the corresponding set of invariant solutions to the model. In this way, we can describe the complete set of possible reductions of the nonlinear RAPM model. Reductions are given in the form of different second-order ordinary differential equations. In all cases, we provide exact solutions to these equations in an explicit or parametric form. Each of these solutions contains a reasonable set of parameters which allows one to approximate a wide class of boundary conditions. We discuss the properties of these reductions and the corresponding invariant solutions.
Kyphoplasty for Salvage of a Failed Vertebroplasty in Osteoporotic Vertebral Compression Fractures: Case Report and Surgical Technique

Osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures are a significant source of morbidity. Recently described techniques of vertebroplasty and kyphoplasty have provided consistent successful outcomes in the short term. However, techniques to address the failure of vertebroplasty have not been addressed. We present two cases of failed vertebroplasty that were revised with a kyphoplasty technique. Both patients had near complete resolution of preoperative symptoms and had a significant vertebral height restoration more than 10 months after revision with kyphoplasty. In conclusion, kyphoplasty technique can be utilized to salvage failed vertebroplasty.
Spatially Guided Angiogenesis by Three-Dimensional Collagen Scaffolds Micropatterned with Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor

Abstract Successful regeneration of large and highly functionalized tissue and organs depends on the ability to guide blood vessel formation with three-dimensional scaffolds. Angiogenic growth factors have the potential to stimulate blood vessels in scaffolds. However, simply incorporating angiogenic growth factors in a random fashion may lead to uncontrolled blood vessel generation, which ultimately results in poor blood vessel network function and uneven growth of engineered tissue. To control and guide the formation of a blood vessel network in porous scaffolds, we prepared collagen sponges with micropatterned vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF). VEGF was micropatterned in three-dimensional collagen sponges using micropatterned collagen/VEGF ice lines, which were prepared by a dispersing machine. The VEGF-micropatterned collagen sponges were implanted subcutaneously in nude mice. Following 6 weeks of implantation, the VEGF-micropatterned collagen sponges induced the formation of micropatterned blood vessel networks. More blood vessels were observed in the regions in which VEGF was immobilized than those without VEGF. The micropattern of VEGF determined the micropattern of the regenerated blood vessel network. The spatial immobilization of VEGF in three-dimensional porous scaffolds may be useful to stimulate guided blood vessel formation in a variety of tissue-engineering applications.
Mutations of RPGR in X‐linked retinitis pigmentosa (RP3)

Mutations in RPGR, retinitis pigmentosa GTPase regulator, are associated with RP3 type of X‐linked retinitis pigmentosa, a severe, non‐syndromic form of retinal degeneration. In the majority of subjects RPGR mutations are associated with a typical rod‐cone degeneration, but in a small number, cone‐rod dystrophy, deafness, and abnormalities in respiratory cilia have been noted. Alternative splicing of RPGR is complex in all species examined. In RP3 patients, mutations have been found in exons 1–14 and ORF15, thus delineating a transcript necessary for normal retinal function in humans. The great majority of mutations are predicted to result in premature termination of translation. These mutations are scattered over exons 1–14 and ORF15, while most missense mutations occur in a domain with homology to the protein RCC1, encoded by exons 1–10. Exon ORF15 is a “hot spot” for mutation, at least in the British population, in which it harbors 80% of the mutations found within a sample of 47 X‐linked retinitis pigmentosa patients. Most RPGR mutations are unique to single families, which makes it difficult to demonstrate phenotype–genotype correlations. Hum Mutat 19:486–500, 2002. © 2002 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Origins of homophobia in males. Psychosexual vulnerabilities and defense development.

PURPOSE To better understand the origins of homophobia among males. METHODS Literature review and clinical illustration. RESULTS Data suggest that there is a range of homophobic attitudes. CONCLUSIONS We illustrate how homophobic attitudes can be associated with a hierarchy of defensive styles. We propose that these defensive styles are used to manage a range of psychosexual developmental anxieties in boys and men.
Hacia una nueva agenda para la administración pública

ANALIZA ALGUNAS TENDENCIAS DE LA DISCIPLINA Y PRAXIS ACTUAL DE LA ADMINISTRACION PUBLICA, PONDERANDO SU APLICACION Y UTILIDAD EN LA RESOLUCION DE PROBLEMAS IDENTIFICADOS POR LOS CRITICOS DEL DESEMPENO DE LOS APARATOS ADMINISTRATIVOS GUBERNAMENTALES.
Effect of Oxytocin, IBMX and dbcAMP on Rabbit Ovarian Follicles

Oxytocin (OT) and protein kinase A (PKA), a possible intracellular mediator of hormone action in the ovary, can be potent activators of ovarian functions and fertility. Nevertheless, action of OT on ovarian follicle atresia has not been studied yet. Only single administration of PKA activators [3‐isobutyl‐1‐methyl‐xanthine (IBMX) and dibutyryl cyclic adenosine monophosphate (dbcAMP)] on ovarian follicle atresia was studied previously. The aim of this study was to examine the effect of OT (single treatment per one reproductive cycle, multiple treatments for three cycles), IBMX and dbcAMP (multiple treatments) on folliculogenesis and follicular atresia in rabbit. The ovarian cycle in control females was induced only by gonadotropins. Experimental females received co‐administration of gonadotropins with OT, IBMX or dbcAMP (at 50 μg/female). All females were artificially inseminated. Single‐treated females were euthanized after 18–19 h. Multiple‐treated females were euthanized after the third reproductive cycle. Histological sections of the ovaries were prepared and evaluated by a light microscopy. The follicles were divided into four classes according to the structure of granulosa and theca cells as follows: none or small atresia, cystic atresia, obliterative atresia and atresia associated with luteinization. The ovaries from the control and experimental females, treated during one reproductive cycle or three cycles, were compared. Single OT co‐administration increased proportion of follicles with atresia associated with luteinization, but not other types of atresia. No influence of multiple OT co‐administration on follicular atresia was recorded. Multiple IBMX and dbcAMP co‐administration decreased the proportion of atretic follicles and increased the proportion of healthy follicles without atresia.
Nested PCR Assay for Detection of Granulocytic Ehrlichiae

ABSTRACT A sensitive and specific nested PCR assay was developed for the detection of granulocytic ehrlichiae. The assay amplifies the 16S rRNA gene and was used to examine acute-phase EDTA-blood and serum samples obtained from seven humans with clinical presentations compatible with human granulocytic ehrlichiosis. Five of the seven suspected cases were positive by the PCR assay using DNA extracted from whole blood as the template, compared with a serologic assay that identified only one positive sample. The PCR assay using DNA extracted from the corresponding serum samples as the template identified three positive samples. The sensitivity of the assay on human samples was examined, and the limit of detection was shown to be fewer than 2 copies of the 16S rRNA gene. The application of the assay to nonhuman samples demonstrated products amplified from template DNA extracted fromIxodes scapularis ticks collected in Rhode Island and from EDTA-blood specimens obtained from white-tailed deer in Maryland. All PCR products were sequenced and identified as specific to granulocytic ehrlichiae. A putative variant granulocytic ehrlichia 16S rRNA gene sequence was detected among products amplified from both the ticks and the deer blood specimens.
Investigating the impact of age on outcome of mechanical ventilation using a population of 41,848 patients from a statewide database.

STUDY OBJECTIVE To examine the impact of age on outcome from mechanical ventilation. DESIGN Retrospective analysis of a statewide database. SETTING All acute-care hospitals in New York State. PATIENTS All patients, aged 18 years and over, requiring mechanical ventilation during 1990 who could be identified with a mechanical ventilation procedure code (93.92) were studied. Data were obtained in aggregate form (six or more cases) from the New York State Department of Health. This process required a detailed request letter to the Statewide Planning and Cooperative System (SPARCS). Transmission of confidential information was not desired or permitted. MEASUREMENTS AND RESULTS Age and mortality rate (MR) fit a cuboidal regression model best (MR = -25.55 + 3.98Age - 0.072Age2 + 0.00043Age3, R2 = 0.85). Mortality rates vary significantly across various broad diagnostic groups (p < 0.01, analysis of variance [ANOVA]) and increase as a function of ICU duration (p < 0.01, ANOVA). CONCLUSIONS Age has an important effect on outcome from mechanical ventilation. Other factors, such as ICU duration and diagnosis, also influence outcome, and age should not be used as a sole criterion in evaluating the potential benefit of mechanical ventilation to an individual patient. Large, existing databases, such as SPARCS, may be useful in studying the application of mechanical ventilation.
Congenitally unguarded tricuspid orifice associated with underdeveloped pulmonary valve leaflets

This is a transoesophageal echocardiogram of a 23 year old woman who presented with atrial tachycardia and an indefinite past history remarkable for two episodes of anasarka oedema which responded to albumin supplementation. In previous years the patient had exhibited mild to moderate dyspnoea on exertion (New York …