Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A pipeline architecture for indoor location tracking

Indoor location tracking based on wireless sensors such as Wi-Fi and Bluetooth has recently received increased public attention in the context of location-based services (e.g. location-based advertising) and indoor navigation. However, until now, no clear best practices for filters, algorithms and sensor fusion have emerged, and, in fact, different use cases may require different sets of techniques for optimal results. In this paper, we thus present a sensor fusion approach that can integrate results from heterogeneous tracking algorithms based on discrete, symbolic locations and a reference architecture based on a pipeline approach that offers the necessary flexibility to easily adapt location tracking applications or -services to both future discoveries in tracking techniques and varying use cases. We also report on a comprehensive evaluation of a tracking application we built using the named architecture and sensor fusion in a large (ca. 2600 square meters) open space office under day-to-day business conditions.
A REPORT ABOUT INTIMATE PARTNER VIOLENCE IN SOUTHERN AND WESTERN RWANDA

The present paper reports on intimate partner violence (IPV) in 3 districts of Southern Province and Western Province in Rwanda. Qualitative data were obtained via 3 focus group discussions conducted at the headquarters of each district, and 10 individual interviews with key informants, community leaders who worked in the districts. The types of IPV discussed were physical, economic, sexual, and psychological harassment. Community leaders stated that the women in their communities had no hesitation in reporting economic abuse and physical violence, but noted that the women needed support from other people to report sexual violence, and generally did not report psychological harassment, perhaps because they accepted it as the norm. They also noted that men generally did not report IPV and that the main victims of IPV in all its forms were children and women. The community leaders suggested a number of measures to reduce IPV: empowering females so that they are financially independent; educating and sensitizing family members about their responsibilities and community leaders about laws and human rights; educating all community members about gender equality and IPV, including premarital instruction; increasing access to services; putting in place a law that protects free unions by giving them legal status after a period of cohabitation; setting up a specific institution to deal with IPV; improving both support to the victims and follow-up of reported cases, along with instituting punitive responses to deter potential new perpetrators.
Side-chain entropy opposes alpha-helix formation but rationalizes experimentally determined helix-forming propensities.

In recent host-guest studies, the helix-forming tendencies of amino acid residues have been quantified by three groups, each obtaining similar results [Padmanabhan, S. , Marqusee, S. , Ridgeway, T. , Laue, T. M. & Baldwin, R. L. (1990) Nature (London) 344, 268-270; O'Neil, K. T. & DeGrado, W. F. (1990) Science 250, 646-651; Lyu, P. C. , Liff, M. I. , Marky, L. A. & Kallenbach, N. R. (1990) Science 250, 669-673]. Here, we explore the hypothesis that these measured helix-forming propensities are due primarily to conformational restrictions imposed upon residue side chains by the helix itself. This proposition is tested by calculating the extent to which the bulky helix backbone "freezes out" available degrees of freedom in helix side chains. Specifically, for a series of apolar residues, the difference in configurational entropy, delta S, between each side chain in the unfolded state and in the alpha-helical state is obtained from a simple Monte Carlo calculation. These computed entropy differences are then compared with the experimentally determined values. Measured and calculated values are found to be in close agreement for naturally occurring amino acids and in total disagreement for non-natural amino acids. In the calculation, delta S(Ala) = 0. The rank order of entropy loss for the series of natural apolar side chains under consideration is Ala less than Leu less than Trp less than Met less than Phe less than Ile less than Tyr less than Val. Among these, none favor helix formation; Ala is neutral, and all remaining residues are unfavorable to varying degrees. Thus, applied to side chains, the term "helix preference" is a misnomer. While side chain-side chain interactions may modulate stability in some instances, our results indicate that the drive to form helices must originate in the backbone, consistent with Pauling's view of four decades ago [Pauling, L. , Corey, R. B. & Branson, H. R. (1951) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 37, 205-210].
Role of Rho in rabbit parietal cell

Rho is known as an important regulator of actin microfilament formation. We were led to study it because a dynamic rearrangement of actin filaments occurs during activation of gastric acid secretion. In order to use specific probes, the rabbit gastric gland culture system was employed and the various genes were expressed using adenovirus vector. When the constitutive active mutant of Rho (RhoAV14) was expressed, histamine‐ or carbachol‐stimulated acid secretion monitored by 14C‐aminopyrine accumulation was inhibited. Conversely, expression of C3 toxin, the specific inhibitor of Rho, and expression of G12/13‐specific regulator of G‐protein signaling domain, the specific inhibitor of G12/13 which is considered to be an upstream mediator of Rho, both potentiated acid secretion stimulated by the agonists. F‐actin staining of parietal cell expressing RhoAV14 revealed that the microfilament supporting the intracellular canaliculi (not on the basolateral membrane) almost disappeared. No clear changes in the intracellular localization of Rho were observed during stimulation of parietal cell. In resting glands, the endogenous active form of Rho was relatively high, and it decreased during histamine stimulation. The finding that any treatment which inhibit Rho augment acid secretion whereas those that activate Rho inhibit secretion strongly suggests that the Rho‐pathway conducts a negatively regulating signal in parietal cell activation, possibly via site‐specific regulation of actin microfilaments. J. Cell. Physiol. 197: 409–417, 2003© 2003 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Effects of a selective aldosterone blocker and thiazide-type diuretic on blood pressure and organ damage in hypertensive patients

Abstract The aim of the present study was to compare the effects of the aldosterone blocker eplerenone and thiazide-like diuretic indapamide on blood pressure (BP) and target organs with reference to salt intake in hypertensive outpatients. Twenty hypertensive patients (nine women and 11 men, mean age 71 ± 13 years) with inadequate BP control despite taking calcium channel blockers (CCBs) and angiotensin II receptor blockers (ARBs) were administered eplerenone (50 mg/day) or indapamide (1 mg/day) for 3 months each in a randomized crossover manner. Salt intake, BP and indices of organ damage were assessed at baseline and at the end of each treatment period. Eplerenone and indapamide were similarly effective in lowering office and home BPs. Both the treatments significantly reduced the estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) and increased serum uric acid levels. The treatment with eplerenone significantly increased serum potassium levels, whereas the treatment with indapamide significantly decreased them. The treatment with eplerenone significantly decreased pulse wave velocity and urinary 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine levels. These changes were not significantly affected by the treatment with indapamide. In conclusion, eplerenone and indapamide were similarly effective in lowering office and home BPs in hypertensive patients treated with CCBs and ARBs. Eplerenone may exert more favorable effects on arterial stiffness and oxidative stress.
Socioeconomic status and cutaneous malignant melanoma in Northern Europe

Socioeconomic status (SES) is associated with cutaneous malignant melanoma (CMM) in Northern Europe, despite equal access to health care. SES per se is not responsible for this association, which must be ascribed to important risk factors for CMM such as intermittent ultraviolet radiation (UVR) exposure, and screening for CMM possibly owing to a greater knowledge and understanding of CMM. Our review of the literature showed that high SES is associated with increased risk of CMM, thinner tumours, increased survival and decreased mortality from CMM – the latter shown among women, and in recent studies also among men. There is evidence that high SES is associated with sun holidays, whereas low SES is associated with the use of sunbeds. Findings suggest that high SES is associated with the use of physicians and dermatologists for marks and moles, possibly owing to more knowledge and better understanding of CMM. We conclude that there has been a true increase in CMM incidence among high SES individuals in Northern Europe probably due to past intense intermittent UVR exposure, especially in connection with sun holidays. However, the increased risk of CMM and a better outcome of CMM in high SES individuals may also be conditioned by frequent recourse to physicians, which may be ascribed to more knowledge and better understanding of CMM, although more studies on this subject are warranted. Thicker CMM tumours and increased CMM mortality among low SES individuals in recent decades may reflect exposure to intermittent UVR, such as the use of sunbeds, as well as delayed diagnosis.
INSTABILITY OF SUNSPOT EQUILIBRIA IN REAL BUSINESS CYCLE MODELS UNDER INFINITE HORIZON LEARNING

This paper examines the stability of sunspot equilibria in one-sector RBC models under infinite horizon learning. We present general conditions under which the reduced-form model can possess E-stable sunspot equilibria and apply these conditions to three prominent one-sector RBC models. We find that the rational expectations sunspot equilibria are generally unstable under learning.
A dual port dual width 90nm SRAM with guaranteed data retention at minimal standby supply voltage

A 64 kbit SRAM with dual port dual width was fabricated in a 1P9M 90 nm CMOS technology. The narrow port has a width of 32 bits, the wide port has 256 bits. To minimise the leakage current a lowered secondary supply is applied to all inactive cells. The fine granular implementation allows the leakage currents to be reduced while the wake-up delay overhead is kept minimal. This system also includes a monitoring and regulation solution to minimise leakage currents while guaranteeing data retention on a die to die basis. Measurements show the SRAM is able to operate with a 2ns access time and is capable of a factor 2 leakage current reduction at a nominal 1V supply using a local series regulator.
Trends in herpes simplex virus type 1 and type 2 seroprevalence in the United States.

CONTEXT Herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) and type 2 are common infections worldwide. Herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV-2) is the cause of most genital herpes and is almost always sexually transmitted. In contrast, HSV-1 is usually transmitted during childhood via nonsexual contacts. Preexisting HSV-1 antibodies can alleviate clinical manifestations of subsequently acquired HSV-2. Furthermore, HSV-1 has become an important cause of genital herpes in some developed countries. OBJECTIVE To examine trends in HSV-1 and HSV-2 seroprevalence in the United States in 1999-2004 compared with 1988-1994. DESIGN, SETTINGS, AND PARTICIPANTS Cross-sectional, nationally representative surveys (US National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys [NHANES]), were used to compare national seroprevalence estimates from 1999-2004 with those from 1988-1994, and changes in HSV-1 and HSV-2 seroprevalence since 1976-1980 were reviewed. Persons aged 14 to 49 years were included in these analyses. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Seroprevalence of HSV-1 and HSV-2 antibodies based on results from type-specific immunodot assays; diagnosis of genital herpes. RESULTS The overall age-adjusted HSV-2 seroprevalence was 17.0% (95% confidence interval [CI], 15.8%-18.3%) in 1999-2004 and 21.0% (95% CI, 19.1%-23.1%) in 1988-1994, a relative decrease of 19.0% between the 2 surveys (95% CI, -28.6% to -9.5%; P<.001). Decreases in HSV-2 seroprevalence were especially concentrated in persons aged 14 to 19 years between 1988 and 2004. In adolescents aged 17 to 19 years and young adults, the decreases in HSV-2 seroprevalence were significant even after adjusting for changes in sexual behaviors. Among those infected with HSV-2, the percentage who reported having been diagnosed with genital herpes was statistically different (14.3% in 1999-2004 and 9.9% in 1988-1994; P = .02). Seroprevalence of HSV-1 decreased from 62.0% (95% CI, 59.6%-64.6%) in 1988-1994 to 57.7% (95% CI, 55.9%-59.5%) in 1999-2004, a relative decrease of 6.9% between the 2 surveys (95% CI, -11.6% to -2.3%; P = .006). Among persons infected with HSV-1 but not with HSV-2, a higher percentage reported having been diagnosed with genital herpes in 1999-2004 compared with 1988-1994 (1.8% vs 0.4%, respectively; P<.001). CONCLUSIONS These data show declines in HSV-2 seroprevalence, suggesting that the trajectory of increasing HSV-2 seroprevalence in the United States has been reversed. Seroprevalence of HSV-1 decreased but the incidence of genital herpes caused by HSV-1 may be increasing.
Cyclooxygenase Inhibition in Ventilator-Induced Lung Injury

BACKGROUND:We tested the hypothesis that inhibition of cyclooxygenase (COX) attenuates in vivo ventilator-induced lung injury (VILI) in a prospective, randomized laboratory investigation in a university-affiliated laboratory. Adult male rats were anesthetized and randomized with or without nonselective COX inhibition (ibuprofen) and were subjected to injurious mechanical ventilation (positive end-expiratory pressure = 0; peak inspiratory pressure = 21 mm Hg). METHODS:We investigated the profile of VILI (respiratory mechanics, cytokines, eicosanoids), expression of COX enzymes, and activation of nuclear factor (NF)-&kgr;B in ibuprofen- versus vehicle-treated animals. Injurious ventilation caused lung injury (i.e., decrement in compliance, tissue edema, and elevated inflammatory cytokines, eicosanoids, and COX-2). RESULTS:Pretreatment with ibuprofen that effectively inhibited eicosanoid synthesis and COX-2 activity increased survival and attenuated lung edema and decrement in respiratory mechanics. Ibuprofen had no modulatory effect on ventilator-induced activation of NF-&kgr;B or inflammatory cytokines (tumor necrosis factor-&agr;, interleukin [IL]-1&bgr;, IL-6, GRO/KC [growth-related oncogene/keratinocyte chemoattractant]). COX activity seems important in the pathogenesis of VILI in the in vivo rat. Inhibition of COX provides significant protection (i.e., survival, pulmonary function) in VILI, but without affecting levels of important mediators (tumor necrosis factor-&agr;, IL-1&bgr;, IL-6, GRO/KC) or activation of NF-&kgr;B. CONCLUSIONS:These data confirm that nonselective COX inhibition provides partial protection against VILI and that the NF-&kgr;B signaling pathway is not exclusively eicosanoid dependent. Studies of COX inhibition in ventilator-associated lung injury might benefit from multimodal targeting that includes a comprehensive focus on inflammatory cytokines and NF-&kgr;B.
Improved Transient Response Estimations in Predicting 40 Hz Auditory Steady-State Response Using Deconvolution Methods

The auditory steady-state response (ASSR) is one of the main approaches in clinic for health screening and frequency-specific hearing assessment. However, its generation mechanism is still of much controversy. In the present study, the linear superposition hypothesis for the generation of ASSRs was investigated by comparing the relationships between the classical 40 Hz ASSR and three synthetic ASSRs obtained from three different templates for transient auditory evoked potential (AEP). These three AEPs are the traditional AEP at 5 Hz and two 40 Hz AEPs derived from two deconvolution algorithms using stimulus sequences, i.e., continuous loop averaging deconvolution (CLAD) and multi-rate steady-state average deconvolution (MSAD). CLAD requires irregular inter-stimulus intervals (ISIs) in the sequence while MSAD uses the same ISIs but evenly-spaced stimulus sequences which mimics the classical 40 Hz ASSR. It has been reported that these reconstructed templates show similar patterns but significant difference in morphology and distinct frequency characteristics in synthetic ASSRs. The prediction accuracies of ASSR using these templates show significant differences (p < 0.05) in 45.95, 36.28, and 10.84% of total time points within four cycles of ASSR for the traditional, CLAD, and MSAD templates, respectively, as compared with the classical 40 Hz ASSR, and the ASSR synthesized from the MSAD transient AEP suggests the best similarity. And such a similarity is also demonstrated at individuals only in MSAD showing no statistically significant difference (Hotelling's T2 test, T2 = 6.96, F = 0.80, p = 0.592) as compared with the classical 40 Hz ASSR. The present results indicate that both stimulation rate and sequencing factor (ISI variation) affect transient AEP reconstructions from steady-state stimulation protocols. Furthermore, both auditory brainstem response (ABR) and middle latency response (MLR) are observed in contributing to the composition of ASSR but with variable weights in three templates. The significantly improved prediction accuracy of ASSR achieved by MSAD strongly supports the linear superposition mechanism of ASSR if an accurate template of transient AEPs can be reconstructed. The capacity in obtaining both ASSR and its underlying transient components accurately and simultaneously has the potential to contribute significantly to diagnosis of patients with neuropsychiatric disorders.
Vaccination of Patients with Small-Cell Lung Cancer with Synthetic Fucosyl GM-1 Conjugated to Keyhole Limpet Hemocyanin

Purpose: Immunotherapy directed toward cell surface antigens may provide a novel approach to the eradication of chemoresistant micrometastatic disease in patients with small-cell lung cancer (SCLC). Studies in SCLC cell lines and human tissues suggest that the ganglioside fucosyl GM1 is an abundant yet specific target. A prior clinical study demonstrated the potent immunogenicity of fucosyl GM-1 derived from bovine thyroid gland, conjugated to keyhole limpet hemocyanin (KLH) and administered with QS-21 adjuvant. Experimental Design: We tested the immunogenicity of three different doses of a synthetic version of fucosyl-GM1 in patients with SCLC after a major response to initial therapy. The primary end point was to establish the lowest effective dose capable of inducing antibody production. Results: Five of six patients at the 30-μg dose and three of five patients at the 10-μg dose mounted IgM responses of 1:80 or greater. These antibodies were confirmed by flow cytometry in seven of eight cases. None of the patients at the 3-μg dose had titers above 1:80. One patient at the 30-μg dose had an IgG response with a titer of 1:80. The sera from six of the eight responders induced potent complement-mediated cytotoxicity of tumor cells. Conclusions: Vaccination with the synthetic fucosyl GM1-KLH conjugate induces an IgM antibody response against fucosyl GM1 and tumor cells expressing fucosyl GM1, comparable with the response induced by the bovine derivative. We plan to combine synthetic fucosyl GM1 vaccine at a dose of 30 μg with vaccines against three other antigens—GM2, Globo H, and polysialic acid—to test in patients with SCLC after initial chemotherapy.
Series parallel resonant converter for Electrical Dischage Machining power supply

Traditional EDM power supplies convert the energy at low frequency, directly from the utility line and they are able to deal with a wide spectrum of output power. The EDM power supply must achieve high voltage to generate the spark and large current to maintain the ion column. To achieve this, large and heavy transformers and inductances are required. Resonant converters are desirable for power conversion due to their comparatively smaller size and lower power losses resulting from high-frequency operation and inherent soft switching. Among all the topologies of the resonant converters, the series-parallel resonant converter (SPRC) is known to have the combined merits of the series resonant converter and parallel resonant converter. The converter can regulate the output voltage at a constant switching frequency even for a change in load resistance from full load resistance to infinity while maintaining good part load efficiency. The purpose of this project is to design a closed loop controller for the phase-controlled series parallel resonant converter (PC SPRC). The open loop analysis and closed loop control has been provided in this paper.
Fasted‐state skeletal muscle protein synthesis after resistance exercise is altered with training

The purpose of the present investigation was to determine how fasted‐state protein synthesis was affected, acutely, by resistance training. Eight men (24.8 ± 1.7 years, body mass index = 23.2 ± 1.0 kg m−2; means ±s.e.m.) undertook an 8 week programme of unilateral resistance exercise training (3 sessions week−1, progression from two to four sets; intensity was 80% of the subjects' single repetition maximum (1RM): knee extension and leg press). Following training, subjects underwent two primed constant infusions of l‐[ring‐13C6]phenylalanine to determine mixed and myofibrillar muscle protein synthesis (MPS) at rest and 12 h after an acute bout of resistance exercise at the same exercise intensity – each leg 80% of 1RM. Biopsies (vastus lateralis) were taken to measure incorporation of labelled phenylalanine into mixed and myofibrillar skeletal muscle proteins and yield fractional MPS. Training resulted in significant dynamic strength gains that were greater (P < 0.001) in the trained leg. Hypertrophy of type IIa and IIx fibres (P < 0.05) was observed following training. After training, resting mixed MPS rate was elevated (+48%; P < 0.05). Acutely, resistance exercise stimulated mixed MPS only in the untrained leg (P < 0.05). Myofibrillar MPS was unchanged at rest following training (P= 0.61). Myofibrillar MPS increased after resistance exercise (P < 0.05), but was not different between the trained and untrained legs (P= 0.36). We observed divergent changes in resting mixed versus myofibrillar protein synthesis with training. In addition, resistance training modified the acute response of MPS to resistance exercise by dampening the increased synthesis of non‐myofibrillar proteins while maintaining the synthesis of myofibrillar proteins.