Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Aplasia Cutis Congenita Following in Utero Methimazole Exposure

A 5 year-old female presented with hairless scars of the scalp. At birth the lesions were friable and bled easily, however, over time they became thicker and scar-like. The girl is healthy and has no other unusual features on physical examination. At the time of conception, her mother was being treated for Graves' disease with methimazole 20 mg daily. At approximately 4 weeks gestation, her mother notified her physician of the pregnancy and was switched to propylthiouracil therapy. Aplasia cutis congenita has been reported as a possible teratogenic effect of methimazole in multiple case reports. However, the causal relationship between methimazole and the skin defect is controversial, and anomalies related to methimazole have low birth prevalence. One report suggests the risk exposure period for methimazole may be limited to the first 7 weeks of gestation. Our patient supports this notion. Methimazole therapy for the treatment of Graves' disease should be avoided in young sexually active women.
A switched-capacitor differential-capacitance-to-time converter for capacitive sensors

A high-accuracy and low-power consumption switched-capacitor (SC) differential-capacitance-to-time converter (DCTC) is presented for high-accuracy ratiometric operation of capacitive sensors. This circuit does not require additional capacitors and component matching. Performances of the proposed circuit are simulated by HSPICE using a 0.35 µm n-well CMOS process parameter. Simulated results have demonstrated that the capacitance difference can be linearly converted to time. A prototype circuit built using discrete components has confirmed the principles of operation.
Prevención de la bacteriemia relacionada con el catéter en pacientes sometidos a hemodiálisis mediante el estudio de la colonización endoluminal del catéter

La bacteriemia relacionada con el cateter (BRC) en los pacientes en HD supone un problema de primer orden. Este estudio se planteo utilizar un metodo de facil implementacion, con el objetivo de conocer la dinamica de colonizacion endoluminal del cateter (CEC) y su utilidad en la prediccion de la BRC. Se monitorizo la cohorte de pacientes que acudia a HD portando cateteres venosos centrales tunelizados (CVCt), durante 18 meses. Se evaluo la CEC quincenalmente utilizando los primeros 5 ml de liquido del cateter (mezcla de solucion de sellado y sangre). En las cepas de Staphylococcus epidermidis se investigo la presencia de los genes icaA e icaD, y la secuencia de insercion IS256 y la produccion de biocapa. Se incluyeron 51 pacientes que portaron 64 CVCt. Catorce pacientes (27,4 por ciento) sufrieron 21 episodios de BRC. La incidencia de BRC fue de 1,65 episodios.1. 000 dias de cateter, con S. epidermidis como la causa mas comun de infeccion (76,2 por ciento). Todos los episodios de BRC fueron precedidos por muestras positivas de CEC. La rama arterial se colonizo en mayor proporcion que la rama venosa y el tiempo medio entre la deteccion de CEC hasta el diagnostico de BRC fue de 41 dias. La validez de las muestras de CEC para predecir BRC fueron sensibilidad 95,2 por ciento, especificidad 86,2 por ciento, valor predictivo positivo 83,3 por ciento y valor predictivo negativo 96,2 por ciento. Un tiempo de positividad 14 horas tuvo un 96,4 por ciento de VPP en la prediccion de BRC por S. epidermidis. Se encontro asociacion entre la deteccion de los genes estudiados con multirresistencia. Este estudio revela la importancia de la dinamica de la CEC en la prediccion de BRC pudiendo instaurar medidas de intervencion precoces y especificas.
MiR‐375 and miR‐200c as predictive biomarkers of islet isolation and transplantation in total pancreatectomy with islet autotransplantation

Total pancreatectomy with islet autotransplantation (TPIAT) is a promising treatment for refractory chronic pancreatitis. Predictable biomarkers for the endocrine function after transplantation would be helpful in selecting patients for TPIAT. This study aims to identify novel biomarkers for predicting the outcome of islet isolation and transplantation in TPIAT patients.
Artificial immune system for fraud detection

Credit card transactions continue to grow in number with the rapid growth of the electronic commerce, leading to a higher rate of stolen account numbers and subsequent losses by banks. Improved fraud detection thus has become essential to maintain the viability of the payment system. In this paper, we propose a case-based genetic artificial immune system for fraud detection (AISFD). It is a self-adapted system designed for credit card fraud detection. With the case-based learning model and genetic algorithm, the system can perform online learning with limited time and cost, and update the capability of fraud detection in the rapid growth of transactions and commerce activities.
EIGENVALUES FOR RESILIENCE ANALYSIS OF BACKBONE NETWORKS

To comprehend the flows of ideas or information through social and biological systems, researchers develop maps that reveal important patterns in network flows. In practice, network flow models have implied conventional firstorder dynamics, but recently researchers have introduced higher-order network flow models, including memory and multilayer networks, to capture patterns in multi-step pathways. Higher-order models are particularly important for effectively revealing actual, overlapping community structure, but higher-order flow models suffer from the curse of dimensionality: their vast parameter spaces require exponentially increasing data to avoid overfitting and therefore make mapping inefficient already for moderatesized systems. To overcome this problem, we introduce an efficient cross-validated mapping approach based on network flows modeled by sparse memory networks. In sparse memory networks, we discriminate physical nodes, which represent the systems objects, from state nodes, which describe the dynamics. State nodes are free to represent abstract states and they are not bound to represent, for example, previous steps in memory networks or layers in multilayer networks. We show that various higher-order network flow representations, including memory and multilayer networks, can be represented with sparse memory network. (b) Memory network (d) Multilayer network (e) Sparse memory network (a) Higher-order network flows (c) Multilayer memory network Figure 1: Modeling higher-order network flows with sparse memory networks. (a) Multistep pathways from two sources illustrated on a network with five physical nodes. (b) The pathway data modeled with a second-order Markov model on a memory network. (c) The pathway data modeled on a two-layer network, one layer for each data source. (d) Both memory and multilayer networks mapped on sparse memory network with no redundant nodes. The black link highlights the same step in all representations. We illustrate our approach with a map of citation flows in science with research fields that overlap in multidisciplinary journals. Compared with currently used categories in science of science studies, the overlapping research fields form better units of analysis because the map more effectively captures how ideas flow through science. *Corresponding author: ludvig.bohlin@umu.se MODELING THE NETWORK DYNAMICS OF PULSE-COUPLED NEURONS Sarthak Chandra, David Hathcock, Kimberly Crain, Thomas M. Antonsen, Michelle Girvan, Edward Ott SIAM Workshop on Network Science 2017 July 13–14 · Pittsburgh, PA, USA
Identification of polynomial input/output recursive models with simulation error minimisation methods

Polynomial input/output (I/O) recursive models are widely used in nonlinear model identification for their flexibility and representation capabilities. Several identification algorithms are available in the literature, which deal with both model selection and parameter estimation. Previous works have shown the limitations of the classical prediction error minimisation approach in this context, especially (but not only) when the disturbance contribution is unknown, and suggested the use of a simulation error minimisation (SEM) approach for a better selection of the I/O model. This article goes a step further by integrating the model selection procedure with a simulation-oriented parameter estimation algorithm. Notwithstanding the algorithmic and computational complexity of the proposed method, it is shown that it can sometimes achieve great performance improvements with respect to previously proposed approaches. Two different parameter estimation algorithms are suggested, namely a direct SEM optimisation algorithm, and an approximate method based on multi-step prediction iteration, which displays several convenient properties from the computational point of view. Several simulation examples are shown to demonstrate the effectiveness of the suggested SEM approaches.
Physician Payment Disclosure Under Health Care Reform: Will the Sun Shine?

Pharmaceutical marketing has become a mainstay in U.S. health care delivery and traditionally has been directed toward physicians. In an attempt to address potential undue influence of industry and conflicts of interest that arise, states and the recently upheld health care reform act have passed transparency, or “sunshine,” laws requiring disclosure of industry payments to physicians. The Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services recently announced the final rule for the Sunshine Provisions as part of the reform act. However, the future effectiveness of these provisions are questionable and may be limited given the changing landscape of pharmaceutical marketing away from physician detailing to other forms of promotion. To address this changing paradigm, more proactive policy solutions will be necessary to ensure adequate and ethical regulation of pharmaceutical promotion.
A new method for controlling the switched reluctance motor in the low-speed range

This paper presents a proposal of a new control method of the switched reluctance motor (SRM) in the low-speed range. The proposed method limits the maximum value of SRM drive supply current. Application of the method results also in improvement of the drive efficiency compared to the classical current control method, so it can be applied to control switched reluctance motors designed to electric vehicles drive. The method may be effective especially in congested traffic. Nowadays, the urban traffic is characterized by frequent occurrence of traffic jams in which motor cars move at small speeds. The sources of supply for electric vehicles are mainly electrochemical batteries. Reduction of the maximum value of supply current allows to extend the service life of batteries and improved efficiency of the drive extends the vehicle range. Limitation of rms value of supply current limits losses in circuit of drive supply.
Algorithms and design: the CRAY APP shared-memory system

Analysis of fundamental algorithms of computational science drove the design of the CRAY APP system. The important characteristics central to many applications are exploited through the use of shared-memory programming techniques using existing compiler technology. A cluster-capable 84-processor system, the CRAY APP, provides a flat shared memory, low memory latency, fast barrier synchronization, and hardware-assisted parallel support. A patented crossbar/bus architecture provides system economy. Deterministic system behavior allows the compilers to view the system as a single virtual processor. For even higher performance, multiple CRAY APPs can be clustered. Cluster configurations may also contain a globally accessible memory. High-bandwidth low-latency connections allow this configuration to be effective for applications that require more performance than one CRAY APP. <<ETX>>
Emerging Insights into the Ependymoma Epigenome

Ependymoma is the third most common pediatric brain tumor, yet because of the paucity of effective therapeutic interventions, 45% of patients remain incurable. Recent transcriptional and copy number profiling of the disease has identified few driver genes and in fact points to a balanced genomic profile. Candidate gene approaches looking at hypermethylated promoters and genome‐wide epigenetic arrays suggest that DNA methylation may be critical to ependymoma pathogenesis. This review attempts to highlight existing and emerging evidence implicating the ependymoma epigenome as a key player and that epigenetic modifiers may offer new targeted therapeutic avenues for patients.
Stewart-Variablen des Säuren-Basen-Status bei Kälbern

Zusammenfassung Gegenstand und Ziel: Bisher wird das Stewart-Modell des Säuren-Basen- Status in der klinischen Veterinärmedizin kaum genutzt. Eine Ursache dafür ist der Mangel an Kenntnissen über anerkannte Referenzbereiche der Stewart-Variablen [strong ion difference = SID] und [Acid total = Atot] bei den verschiedenen Tierarten. Außerdem ist bisher wenig über den Einfluss wichtiger Erkrankungen auf die Stewart-Parameter bekannt. Material und Methode: Bei 17 Kälbern (Alter: 1–28 d) wurden statistisch begründete Referenzdaten für Serum-[SID3, 4] und -[Atot- Pro/-Alb] ermittelt. Außerdem wurde retrospektiv der Einfluss von Kälberdiarrhö auf die Stewart-Variablen im Experiment (39 Kälber; Alter: 5,3 ± 2,5 d) und in der klinischen Praxis (36 Kälber; Alter: 8,7 ± 5,0 d) untersucht. Ergebnisse: Gesunde Kälber besitzen in der ersten Lebenswoche mit der Serum-[SID3/4] von etwa 51/48 mmol/l um 2–3 mmol/l signifikant höhere Werte als ältere Tiere. Infolge des postnatalen Anstiegs der Serumalbuminkonzentration erhöhen sich die Serum-[Atot-Alb] von etwa 15 mmol/l (1. Tag) auf Werte von 22 mmol/l (28. Tag). Aus den Stewart-Variablen PvCO2, Serum-[SID4] und -[Atot-Pro] ließ sich der BlutpH mit der Differenz von 0,063 ± 0,0336 gegenüber den gemessenen Werten vorhersagen. Spontan auftretender Durchfall senkt bei Kälbern die Serum-[SID3, 4] auf etwa 40 mmol/l (überlebende Tiere) oder ante mortem auf noch niedrigere Werte. Schlussfolgerung: Die metabolische Azidose durchfallkranker Kälber ist nach dem Stewart-Modell auf die Imbalancen der starken Elektrolyte Na+ und Cl– (SID3↓), die Anhäufung von Blut-Laktat– (SID4↓) sowie die Dehydratation (Atot↑) zurückzuführen. Eine erfolgreiche Therapie der Azidose muss die erniedrigten Serum-[SID] anheben und durch Flüssigkeitszufuhr die Euhydratation mit physiologischer Serum-[Atot] herbeiführen. Klinische Relevanz: In oralen und parenteralen Rehydratationslösungen lassen sich die Werte für [SID] und [Atot] leicht ermitteln und zur prospektiven Wirksamkeitsbeurteilung der Lösungen gegen die Azidose bei durchfallkranken Kälbern nutzen.
O Pacto educativo para o futuro: um instrumento estratégico para o desenvolvimento educativo em Portugal

espanolEste texto presenta el Pacto educativo para el futuro propuesto por el gobierno del partido socialista electo en 1995 en Portugal. El atraso educativo del pais en los ultimos siglos y las sucesivas rupturas en las politicas educativas desde la revolucion democratica de 1974, llevaron al gobierno a proponer un Pacto a todos sus pares sociales y educativos. Considerando que la educacion es un «asunto de todos» y que los cambios exigen una participacion amplia para el desarrollo de la educacion y la mejora de su calidad, se inicio un gran debate centrado en la educacion como «una pasion y una ambicion». El Pacto detallaba orientaciones, objetivos estrategicos y compromisos inmediatos, y proponia constituir una carta de referencia para todos los pares educativos. En una logica de «geometria variable», se buscaban acuerdos, asociaciones y coordinacion de esfuerzos para el desarrollo educativo. Los desentendimientos, obstaculos y desavenencias llevaron al fracaso de este proceso, aunque hubo tambien consecuencias positivas (en protocolos celebrados y en mayor participacion social en la educacion, expresamente). El hecho de que la autora formara parte del equipo politico del Ministerio de la Educacion desde 1995 hasta 2001, le permite explicar en este articulo los objetivos del Pacto, la estrategia seguida, asi como los aspectos positivos y negativos mas importantes del proceso social entonces vivido, ensayando una primera evaluacion critica. portuguesEste texto apresenta o Pacto educativo para o futuro proposto pelo governo do partido socialista eleito em 1995 em Portugal. O atraso educativo do pais nos ultimos seculos e as sucessivas rupturas nas politicas educativas desde a revolucao democratica de 1974, levaram o governo a propor um Pacto a todos os parceiros sociais e educativos. Considerando que a educacao e um «assunto de todos» e que as mudancas exigem uma participacao alargada para o desenvolvimento da educacao e a melhoria da sua qualidade, iniciou-se um amplo debate centrado na educacao como «uma paixao e uma ambicao». O Pacto explicitava orientacoes, objectivos estrategicos e compromissos imediatos, e propunha-se constituir uma carta de referencia para todos os parceiros educativos. Numa logica de «geometria variavel», procuravam-se acordos, parcerias e coordenacao de esforcos para o desenvolvimento educativo. Os mal-entendidos, obstaculos e desacordos levaram ao insucesso deste processo, embora tenha havido, tambem, consequencias positivas (em protocolos celebrados e em maior participacao social na educacao, nomedamente). Tendo a autora feito parte da equipa politica do Ministerio da Educacao entre 1995 e 2001, explicita, neste artigo, os objectivos do Pacto, a estrategia seguida, bem como os aspectos positivos e negativos mais importantes do processo social entao vivido, ensaiando uma primeira avaliacao critica.
Energy-delay tradeoff for request bundling on smartphones

To reduce the energy consumption of a smartphone, multiple data transfer requests from applications can be bundled together and granted at once in order to reduce the time the radio interface is on. The side effect of bundling is the increased delay experienced by mobile applications. While several bundling algorithms have been proposed in the literature, a general and systematic solution to balance the energy-delay tradeoff is missing. In this paper, we formulate bundling as a cost minimization problem, in which the tradeoff between energy and delay is captured by a cost function. We then propose an online algorithm for minimizing the bundling cost and show that the algorithm is 4-competitive with respect to the optimal offline algorithm that knows the entire sequence of data transfer requests a priori. We evaluate the performance of the proposed algorithm and the accuracy of our results in a range of realistic scenarios using both model-driven simulations and real experiments on a smartphone. Our results show that depending on the delay tolerance level of a user, energy savings ranging from zero (delay intolerant) to about 100% (delay tolerant) can be achieved using our algorithm.
Upregulation of metabotropic glutamate receptor subtype mGluR3 and mGluR5 in reactive astrocytes in a rat model of mesial temporal lobe epilepsy

Reactive gliosis is a prominent morphological feature of mesial temporal lobe epilepsy. Because astrocytes express glutamate receptors, we examined changes in metabotropic glutamate receptor (mGluR) 2/3, mGluR5 and transforming growth factor (TGF)‐β in glial cells of the hippocampal regions in an experimental rat model of spontaneous seizures. Rats that exhibited behavioural status epilepticus (SE) directly after 1 h of electrical angular bundle stimulation, displayed chronic spontaneous seizures after a latent period of 1–2 weeks as observed using continuous electrographic monitoring. SE resulted in hypertrophy of astrocytes and microglia activation throughout the hippocampus as revealed by immunolabelling studies. A dramatic, seizure intensity‐dependent increase in vimentin immunoreactivity (a marker for reactive astrocytes) was revealed in CA3 and hilar regions where prominent neuronal loss occurs. Increased vimentin labelling was first apparent 24 h after onset of SE and persisted up to 3 months. mGluR2/3 and mGluR5 protein expression increased markedly in glial cells of CA3 and hilus by 1 week after SE, and persisted up to 3 months after SE. Double immunolabelling of brain sections with vimentin confirmed co‐localization with glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), mGluR2/3 and mGluR5 in reactive astrocytes. TGF‐β, a cytokine implicated in mGluR3‐mediated neuroprotection, was also upregulated during the first 3 weeks after SE throughout the hippocampus. This study demonstrates seizure‐induced upregulation of two mGluR subtypes in reactive astrocytes, which − together with the increased production of TGF‐β − may represent a novel mechanism for modulation of glial function and for changes in glial‐neuronal communication in the course of epileptogenesis.
Design analysis of a novel double-sided axial-flux permanent-magnet generator for micro-wind power applications

This paper proposes an innovative topology for double-sided inner-stator axial-flux permanent-magnet (AFPM) machine for use as direct-driven generator with low-speed micro-wind turbines. The design evaluation of the new AFPM wind generator, based on 3-D finite-element field analysis, proves that the ironless stator with non-overlapping concentrated winding, sandwiched between two opposing steel-rotor disks with embedded circumferentially-magnetized PMs in flux-concentration arrangement, represents a good-performance and cost-effective double-sided structure for the AFPM machine of choice in micro-wind power generation applications.
Fano profiles on multiphonon continua in electronic transitions of matrix-isolated NO.

Fano line shapes are reported in the excitation spectrum of the total fluorescence of NO trapped in Kr matrixes. They result from the homogeneous configuration mixing of the sharp valence vibrational bands B2P(v'=12,15,18)-X2P(v''=0) with the broadened multiphonon Rydberg vibrational bands C2P(v'=0,1,2)-X2P(v''=0). The main features of the spectrum are reproduced by a simulation. [on SciFinder (R)]
Comment on “Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor Is Essential for Toll-Like Receptor 3 Signaling”

Targeted inhibitors used in cancer treatments may have adverse effects on immune responses. Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) and mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) play important roles in tumor growth, which has stimulated efforts toward the design of targeted cancer therapeutics that inhibit their function. A growing body of literature indicates that EGFR and mTOR are also essential to support a functional innate immune response. Hence, although combination therapies that block both EGFR and mTOR may have improved activity against tumors, they may also place patients at risk of fulminant infections. We discuss data supporting this hypothesis.
Indice de mortalidad en pacientes con peritonitis según el indice de Mannheim

Wacha y Cols, fueron los primeros en publicar el Indice Pronostico de Mannheim (IPM) en el ano 1986 en Mannheim-Alemania, que consiste en un total de 8 parametros pre y transoperatorios (edad, sexo, falla organica, cancer, duracion de la peritonitis, involucramiento del colon, extension de la peritonitis, y caracteristicas del liquido peritoneal), con valores asignados que van desde cero hasta 47. Partiendo de una serie de 17 parametros, se diseno un estudio en el que se busco cuales tenian significancia como predictor clinico de mortalidad y morbilidad, de los cuales 8 tuvieron un efecto de sumacion. En los estudios realizados en distintos centro hospitalarios se ha evidenciado que la utilidad maxima se logra con 26 puntos como punto de corte.El IPM permite la estimacion de la severidad de la enfermedad y del desenlace final, los cuales constituyen un arma para el cirujano y el intensivista en el momento de evaluar, monitorizar y planear las intervenciones terapeuticas, lo que pudiera repercutir positivamente en la supervivencia de los pacientes. El indice de mortalidad en pacientes con peritonitis es relativamente alto, por lo que es importante determinar el pronostico y el grado de severidad, utilizando como escala el IPM.