Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
HIV risk associated with gay bathhouses and sex clubs: findings from 2 seattle surveys of factors related to HIV and sexually transmitted infections.

OBJECTIVES We studied the HIV risk behaviors of patrons of the 3 commercial sex venues for men in Seattle, Washington. METHODS We conducted cross-sectional, observational surveys in 2004 and 2006 by use of time-venue cluster sampling with probability proportional to size. Surveys were anonymous and self-reported. We analyzed the 2004 data to identify patron characteristics and predictors of risk behaviors and compared the 2 survey populations. RESULTS Fourteen percent of respondents reported a previous HIV-positive test, 14% reported unprotected anal intercourse, and 9% reported unprotected anal intercourse with a partner of unknown or discordant HIV status during the current commercial sex venue visit. By logistic regression, recent unprotected anal intercourse outside of a commercial sex venue was independently associated with unprotected anal intercourse. Sex venue site and patron drug use were strongly associated with unprotected anal intercourse at the crude level. The 2004 and 2006 survey populations did not differ significantly in demographics or behaviors. CONCLUSIONS Patron and venue-specific characteristics factors may each influence the frequency of HIV risk behaviors in commercial sex venues. Future research should evaluate the effect of structural and individual-level interventions on HIV transmission.
Black-White differences in hysterectomy prevalence: the CARDIA study.

OBJECTIVES We evaluated the cross-sectional association between race and hysterectomy prevalence in a population-based cohort of US women and investigated participant characteristics associated with racial differences. METHODS The cohort consisted of 1863 Black and White women in the Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults (CARDIA) study from 2000 to 2002 (years 15 and 16 after baseline). We used logistic regression to examine unadjusted and multivariable adjusted odds ratios. RESULTS Black women demonstrated greater odds of hysterectomy compared with White women (odds ratio [OR] = 3.52; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 2.52, 4.90). Adjustment for age, educational attainment, perceived barriers to accessing medical care, body mass index, polycystic ovarian syndrome, tubal ligation, depressive symptoms, age at menarche, and geographic location minimally altered the association (OR = 3.70; 95% CI = 2.44, 5.61). In a subset of the study population, those with directly imaged fibroids, the association was minimally attenuated (OR = 3.47; 95% CI = 2.23, 5.40). CONCLUSIONS In both unadjusted and multivariable adjusted models, Black women, compared with White women, had increased odds of hysterectomy that persisted despite adjustment for participant characteristics. The increased odds are possibly related to decisions to undergo hysterectomy.
Comparative antiarrhythmic and anti‐ischaemic activity of some flavones in the guinea‐pig and rat

A comparative study of 16 flavones was carried out using 4 experimental models: 1, hyperkinetic ventricular arrhythmias induced by reperfusion in rat isolated heart; 2, arrhythmias following coronary artery ligation‐reperfusion in anaesthetized guinea‐pig; 3, pytressine arrhythmias by coronary spasm in anaesthetized guinea‐pig; and 4, anti‐ischaemic activity using an ex vivo perfusion heart technique after coronary occlusion in guinea‐pig. The structure effect relationships of flavone, 3‐hydroxyflavone, 6‐hydroxyflavone, 7‐hydroxyflavone, 6,7‐dihydroxyflavone, 7,8‐dihydroxyflavone, apigenin, apiin, diosmin, 5‐hydroxyflavone, luteolin, luteolin glycoside, orientin, pratol, rhoifolin, vitexin, tested as antiarrhythmic and anti‐ischaemic agents were compared to lidocaine and verapamil at equimolar doses. The results obtained demonstrated that most of these compounds exerted a protective effect against coronary‐spasm and coronary‐ligation induced ischaemic crisis, and against the ischaemic and the post‐ischaemic arrhythmias. The potencies were found to be structurally dependent for the flavones tested.
Alterações orofaciais em doenças alérgicas de vias aéreas

OBJETIVO: Apontar as possiveis alteracoes orofaciais decorrentes do sintoma "obstrucao nasal" em pacientes portadores de doencas alergicas de vias aereas superiores, por meio de revisao de literatura. FONTES DE DADOS: Levantamento bibliografico utilizando bancos de dados eletronicos, como Medline, Ovid, SciELO e Lilacs, com as palavras-chave "asthma", "rhinitis" e "mouth breathing", abrangendo os 30 ultimos anos. Foram incluidos artigos de revisao, estudos observacionais e ensaios clinicos. SINTESE DOS DADOS: A obstrucao nasal e encontrada frequentemente em doencas alergicas de vias aereas, como rinite e asma. A respiracao bucal decorrente da obstrucao nasal pode interferir de maneira direta no desenvolvimento infantil, com alteracoes no crescimento do crânio e orofacial, na fala, na alimentacao, na postura corporal, na qualidade do sono e no desempenho escolar. CONCLUSOES: Devido a variedade de alteracoes orofaciais encontradas na crianca respiradora bucal decorrente de obstrucao nasal por doencas alergicas de vias aereas, e necessario realizar diagnostico e tratamento precoces por uma equipe multidisciplinar, composta por medico, ortodontista e fonoaudiologo, contemplando a visao de uma via respiratoria unica, que traz consequencias ao crescimento e desenvolvimento do sistema motor oral.
External Carotid Surgery

External carotid revascularization has been advocated to correct stenoses and obliterate sources of emboli in symptomatic patients with internal carotid artery (ICA) occlusion. Of more than 450 patients undergoing carotid surgery in an 8-year period, eight patients with amaurosis fugax, hemispheric transient ischemic attacks (TIAs), or global symptoms of cerebral ischemia in the presence of ICA occlusion underwent external carotid artery (ECA) reconstruction. There were five external carotid endarterectomies and three bypasses to the ECA, one from the common carotid artery and two from the subclavian artery. There were no operative deaths, but one minor ipsilateral stroke occurred after subclavian-ECA bypass. There was complete resolution of symptoms in all the other patients. Follow-up ranged from 4 months to 10 years (mean 3.4 years). It is concluded that ECA revascularization may be the best treatment option for relieving or improving late neurologic symptoms secondary to cerebral hypoperfusion and/or embolization through ECA collaterals in the presence of ICA occlusion and ECA stenosis.
Wandering in dementia sufferers

Ninety‐two patients with dementia were thoroughly assessed by domiciliary interview and a period of day hospital attendance which included the completion of Camdex and Camcog schedules. Domiciliary visit letters described getting lost outside the home as a problem in 20.6% of patients, and inside the home in 3.3% of patients. The corresponding figures obtained from interviews were 36.9% and 28.3%. According to interview data, patients with senile dementia of Alzheimer's type were more likely to get lost outside the home than those with vascular dementia and there was no correlation between the severity of cognitive impairment and the prevalence of getting lost outside the home.
Effects of different types of antismoking ads on reducing disparities in smoking cessation among socioeconomic subgroups.

OBJECTIVES We assessed which types of mass media messages might reduce disparities in smoking prevalence among disadvantaged population subgroups. METHODS We followed 1491 adult smokers over 24 months and related quitting status at follow-up to exposure to antismoking ads in the 2 years prior to the baseline assessment. RESULTS On average, smokers were exposed to more than 200 antismoking ads during the 2-year period, as estimated by televised gross ratings points (GRPs). The odds of having quit at follow-up increased by 11% with each 10 additional potential ad exposures (per 1000 points, odds ratio [OR]=1.11; 95% confidence interval [CI]=1.00, 1.23; P<.05). Greater exposure to ads that contained highly emotional elements or personal stories drove this effect (OR=1.14; 95% CI 1.02, 1.29; P<.05), which was greater among respondents with low and mid-socioeconomic status than among high-socioeconomic status groups. CONCLUSIONS Emotionally evocative ads and ads that contain personalized stories about the effects of smoking and quitting hold promise for efforts to promote smoking cessation and reduce socioeconomic disparities in smoking.
Correlation of del13q, del11q and Trisomy 12 with Laboratory and Clinical Features of Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia in Iranian Patients

Background: There is a strong association between chromosomal abnormalities and laboratory features and clinical course of the B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia (B-CLL). The aim of this study was to investigate the frequency and correlation of cytogenetic aberrations with laboratory and clinical features of the disease. Methods: Clinical and laboratory features of 65 CLL patients were collected from their hospital profiles and their blood and/or bone marrow were examined by conventional cytogenetics and interphase FISH methods. Results: Conventional cytogenetic methods identified 27.7% chromosomal abnormalities in 65 patients. I-FISH analysis for del13q, del11q and trisomy 12 revealed abnormality in 75.4% of patients. The results showed that IFISH improved the detection rate of chromosomal abnormalities and it enhanced detection. Statistical analysis was performed on sex, age, family history, Rai stage and CD markers on trisomy 12, del 11q and del 13q subgroups. There was a high frequency of Ray stages I and II within del13q subgroup, Rai stages III and IV within del11q subgroup and Rai stage II within trisomy 12 subgroup. Mean of CD38 in patients with del 11q was significantly higher than mean of patients with trisomy 12 and del 13q. Conclusion: High level of CD38 and presence of del11q indicated a poor prognosis and low level of CD38 and presence of del13q was indicative of good prognosis in Iranian B-CLL patients. Trisomy 12 had an intermediate prognostic value.
Meat Products Manufactured with Olive Oil

Consumer perception of processed meat products is a critical issue for the meat industry. In recent years consumers are increasingly conscious about healthy diet. However, most of the processed meat products contain high amounts of fat, which are related to chronic diseases such as obesity and cardiovascular heart diseases. Health organizations have suggested to reduce the intake of total dietary fat, particularly saturated fatty acids and cholesterol, as a mean to prevent cardiovascular heart diseases (NCEP, 1988). Consumers now want low or reduced-animal fat products with high palatability and nutritional quality (Pietrasik & Duda, 2000).
Effectiveness of a controlled trial to promote colorectal cancer screening in Vietnamese Americans.

OBJECTIVES We conducted a controlled trial of a public education and provider intervention to increase colorectal cancer (CRC) screening rates among Vietnamese Americans, who typically have lower rates than non-Hispanic Whites. METHODS The public education intervention included a Vietnamese-language CRC screening media campaign, distribution of health educational material, and a hotline. The provider intervention consisted of continuing medical education seminars, newsletters, and DVDs. Vietnamese in Alameda and Santa Clara Counties, California, received the intervention from 2004 to 2006; Vietnamese in Harris County, Texas, were controls and received no intervention. A quasi-experimental study design with pre- and postintervention surveys of the same 533 participants was used to evaluate the combined intervention. RESULTS The postintervention-to-preintervention odds ratio for having ever had a sigmoidoscopy or colonoscopy was 1.4 times greater in the intervention community than in the control community. Knowledge and attitudes mediated the effect of the intervention on CRC screening behavior. Media exposure mediated the effect of the intervention on knowledge. CONCLUSIONS Improving CRC knowledge through the media contributed to the effectiveness of the intervention.
Using motivational interviewing in HIV field outreach with young African American men who have sex with men: a randomized clinical trial.

OBJECTIVES We sought to determine whether field outreach with motivational interviewing, as compared with traditional field outreach, leads to increases in HIV counseling and testing and rates of return for test results among young African American men who have sex with men (MSM). METHODS In a randomized, 2-group, repeated-measures design, 96 young African American MSM completed a motivational interviewing-based field outreach session and 92 young African American MSM completed a traditional field outreach session. The percentages of participants agreeing to traditional HIV counseling and testing (an oral swab of the cheek) and returning for test results were the primary outcome measures. RESULTS More of the participants in the motivational interviewing condition than the control condition received HIV counseling and testing (49% versus 20%; chi(2)(1) = 17.94; P = . 000) and returned for test results (98% versus 72%; chi(2)(1) = 10.22; P = . 001). CONCLUSIONS The addition of motivational interviewing to field outreach is effective in encouraging high-risk young African American MSM to learn their HIV status. Also, peer outreach workers can be effectively trained to reduce health disparities by providing evidence-based brief counseling approaches targeting high-risk minority populations.
Preliminary phase II results of selinexor, an oral selective inhibitor of nuclear export in patients with heavily pretreated gynecological cancers

5565 Background: Multiple tumour suppressor proteins (TSPs) are altered in ovarian (OC), endometrial (EC) & cervical (CC) cancers, including p53, BRCA1/2, CDKN2A & pRB. Selinexor, an oral first in .
Neonatal Candida spp. infections: an update

Candida-related morbidity and mortality have increased in neonatal intensive care units (NICUs) in the last 20 years. Invasive fungal infections (IFIs) in preterm infants are associated with high severity, high attributable mortality, substantial morbidity and poor outcomes owing to the frequent association with late neurodevelopmental impairment and retinopathy of prematurity in the survivors. Preterm very-low birth weight infants in NICUs have a specific, increased risk for IFIs, mainly because up to 60% of them may become colonized during their first month of life. Prevention of Candida colonization and infection is the key in these settings of unique patients, and solid data have recently been added to the very first promising results obtained in the early 2000’s with administation of fluconazole. In a multicenter randomized trial, this azole caused a striking reduction in the incidences of Candida spp. colonization (from 33 to 9%) and infection (from 13.2 to 3.2%), with no occurrence of significant s.
Ivabradine: advantages throughout the cardiovascular continuum

The evidence-based concept of the cardiovascular disease (CVD) continuum is based on the hypothesis that CVD is the result of a chain of events initiated by risk factors leading to the end-stage of the disease, and that any interruption along this chain of events may interrupt the pathological process. Epidemiological studies, experimental data, and clinical observations show that heart rate plays a key role at different points in the CVD continuum. Heart rate has been shown in recent years to be an independent risk factor of mortality and morbidity in various populations, including patients with CVDs. Therefore, heart rate reduction by the heart rate-lowering agent ivabradine should lead to prevention of cardiovascular events. Ivabradine is the first If current inhibitor licensed for clinical use. Its anti-ischaemic properties and usefulness in the relief of ischaemia and angina have been proved by randomized controlled trials in patients with stable angina. Ivabradine has been shown to be an effective antianginal agent alone or in combination with beta-blocker. Furthermore, the BEAUTIFUL study showed that in patients with stable coronary artery disease and left ventricular systolic dysfunction and a heart rate ≤70 b.p.m. , ivabradine was also associated with a 36% reduction in hospitalization for fatal and non-fatal myocardial infarction, despite the fact that patients received excellent treatments known to improve prognosis. Besides its benefits in stable angina, ivabradine potentially also has beneficial effects in systolic and diastolic heart failure. The ongoing SHIFT trial will assess whether ivabradine can reduce cardiovascular outcomes in patients with chronic heart failure and left ventricular systolic dysfunction. The SIGNIFY study will assess the effect of ivabradine in patients with stable coronary artery without clinical symptoms of heart failure.
The effect of respiratory physiotherapy on intracranial pressure, mean arterial pressure, cerebral perfusion pressure and end tidal carbon dioxide in ventilated neurosurgical patients

Twenty acute, ventilated, head-injured patients were studied in order to investigate the effect of respiratory physiotherapy on intracranial pressure (ICP), mean arterial blood pressure (MAP), end tidal carbon dioxide (P,,CO,) and cerebral perfusion pressure (CPP). The subjects were studied during periods of no intervention (control) and during respiratory physiotherapy treatment. A full respiratory treatment consisting of percussion (5 min) , manual hyperinflation/expiratory vibrations interspersed with two endotracheal suctions (4 min) and manual hyperinflation (2 min) produced a significant increase (P< 0.001) in all variables excepting CPP as compared with control values. The effect of the individual techniques of percussion and manual hyperinflation produced varying results. Percussion had no effect on the variables apart from ICP, which decreased (P< 0.0 1 ). Manual hyperinflation increased all parameters (P<O.Ol) except for CPP. There was no significant change in those subjects whose ICP and systolic arterial pressure (SAP) were in the normal range (ICP < 15 mmHg; SAP d 120 mmHg) prior to treatment. some intracranial and cardiovascular parameters in head-injured patients. This study shows that respiratory physiotherapy may cause adverse effects on
A meta-analysis of disparities in childhood sexual abuse, parental physical abuse, and peer victimization among sexual minority and sexual nonminority individuals.

OBJECTIVES We compared the likelihood of childhood sexual abuse (under age 18), parental physical abuse, and peer victimization based on sexual orientation. METHODS We conducted a meta-analysis of adolescent school-based studies that compared the likelihood of childhood abuse among sexual minorities vs sexual nonminorities. RESULTS Sexual minority individuals were on average 3.8, 1.2, 1.7, and 2.4 times more likely to experience sexual abuse, parental physical abuse, or assault at school or to miss school through fear, respectively. Moderation analysis showed that disparities between sexual minority and sexual nonminority individuals were larger for (1) males than females for sexual abuse, (2) females than males for assault at school, and (3) bisexual than gay and lesbian for both parental physical abuse and missing school through fear. Disparities did not change between the 1990s and the 2000s. CONCLUSIONS The higher rates of abuse experienced by sexual minority youths may be one of the driving mechanisms underlying higher rates of mental health problems, substance use, risky sexual behavior, and HIV reported by sexual minority adults.
Acute effects on the thyroid gland after non-directed radiation therapy in children and adolescents

Abstract Background During radiation therapy, unwanted scatter to healthy tissues outside the target field may occur. Children and adolescents are more sensitive to radiation injury, and the thyroid gland is particularly susceptible to these effects. Purpose To assess acute changes in thyroid function and volume in children and adolescents undergoing radiotherapy for a variety of non-thyroid cancers. Materials and Methods Thirty-one children and adolescents underwent radiation therapy of various body areas in which the thyroid was not included. Thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH), thyroxine (T4), free thyroxine (fT4), triiodothyronine (T3), anti-thyroperoxidase antibodies and thyroglobulin were measured before, on the last day and at 1 and 3 months after the end of radiotherapy. Ultrasound scans were taken and 6- and 24-hour 131I uptake was measured before and after treatment. The scattered dose to the thyroid region was estimated with a treatment planning system or measured with thermoluminescent dosimeters. Results The median radiation dose scattered to the thyroid was 296·6 cGy (IQR 16·7–1,709·0). Levels of TSH (p = 0·575), T4 (p = 0·950), fT4 (p = 0·510), T3 (p = 0·842), thyroglobulin (p = 0·620) and anti-thyroid peroxidase antibodies (p = 0·546) were statistically similar at all four time points. There were no differences between pre- and post-radiotherapy thyroid volume and 131I uptake (p = 0·692 and 0·92, respectively). Conclusion More sensitive methods may be required to ascertain whether acute injury to the follicular epithelium occurs with lower radiation doses scattered to the thyroid.
The impact of workplace policies and other social factors on self-reported influenza-like illness incidence during the 2009 H1N1 pandemic.

OBJECTIVES We assessed the impact of social determinants of potential exposure to H1N1--which are unequally distributed by race/ethnicity in the United States--on incidence of influenza-like illness (ILI) during the 2009 H1N1 pandemic. METHODS In January 2010 we surveyed a nationally representative sample (n = 2079) of US adults from the Knowledge Networks online research panel, with Hispanic and African American oversamples. The completion rate was 56%. RESULTS Path analysis examining ILI incidence, race, and social determinants of potential exposure to H1N1 demonstrated that higher ILI incidence was related to workplace policies, such as lack of access to sick leave, and structural factors, such as number of children in the household. Hispanic ethnicity was related to a greater risk of ILI attributable to these social determinants, even after we controlled for income and education. CONCLUSIONS The absence of certain workplace policies, such as paid sick leave, confers a population-attributable risk of 5 million additional cases of ILI in the general population and 1.2 million cases among Hispanics. Federal mandates for sick leave could have significant health impacts by reducing morbidity from ILI, especially in Hispanics.