Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Adapting a Field-Deployable Noble Gas Mass Spectrometer for Continuous Measurements of Helium

Isotopes of the five stable noble gases (He, Ne, Ar, Kr, and Xe) are useful in analyzing physical processes in the environment such as air-sea gas exchange and sea ice formation and melting. Traditional measurements of noble gases are costly and time-consuming because of the need to transport water samples to analyze in a laboratory-based mass spectrometer. Field deployable mass spectrometers were developed as a low-cost method to increase the temporal resolution of the measurements. Our system utilizes a quadrupole mass spectrometer in tandem with a gas equilibrator cartridge to continuously measure equilibrated gases from water with ambient air as a calibration standard. The reproducibility of the system is better than 0.7% for all gas ratios in a lab environment. However, our current configuration is not optimized for measuring helium because of the high permeability of helium through many of the materials used. Nonetheless, measuring helium will yield insight into quantifying bubble processes, which significantly affects rates of air-sea gas exchange. Our mass spectrometer configuration was thus extended to measure helium by switching from fused silica capillaries to stainless steel capillaries and switching from Tygon tubing to Viton tubing. The equilibration and precision of the new system was compared to that of the old configuration. Leak tests were performed on the old and new configuration to assess whether the leakiness of the system has improved. Results showed effective measurements of He with precisions better than 0.80% for both He/Ar and He/Kr at water temperatures of 22C and above. Further optimization is needed to improve the equilibration of He and Ne at water temperatures of 10C.
A Combinational Approach for Sarcasm Detection in Twitter

: Sentiment analysis, also known as opinion mining is the qualitative method that uses natural language processing, text analysis and computational linguistics. The goal of sentiment analysis is to determine if a specific passage in the text shows positive, negative or neutral sentiment towards the subject. The main objective is to detect and analyze the emotional reactions of the speaker or writer based on his attitude. These emotions may change the polarity of the text and make it sarcastic. Due to these difficulties and the inherently tricky nature of sarcasm, it is generally ignored during social network analysis. As a result, the outcome of such analysis is affected adversely. Thus, sarcasm detection poses to be one of the most critical problems which we need to overcome while trying to yield high accuracy insights from abundantly available data. In this paper, we propose a combination of existing techniques to detect sarcasm on Twitter. It involves an effective preprocessing approach which are combined with four sets of features that can handle different types of sarcasm. We insist that the usage of semi-supervised learning method to train the sarcasm detection model which will increase the accuracy by approximately 3% than the state-of-art approaches. Hence, the proposed work may provide precision, recall and F-score around 90%, 96.5%, 92.0% respectively.
The Hidden Cost of Tourism: Detecting Long-term Effects of Tourism Using Behavioral Information

Increasingly, whales and dolphins are the focus of tourism activities in many coastal locations. Although these activities can affect individuals and populations of cetaceans, the biological significance and hence the cost of these impacts are as yet largely unknown. This study assessed the effects of boat interactions on the behavioral budget of two populations of bottlenose dolphins (Tersiops truncatus) living in similar fjords but exposed to different levels of tourism activities. This comparison makes it possible to assess the costs of short-term avoidance strategies and the threshold at which those strategies are no longer effective. The effects of boat
THE IMPACT OF PHYSICAL ACTIVITY AND RESISTANT STARCH ON GUT FERMENTATION by JIYOUNG KIM

Purpose: Physical activity (PA) and resistant starch (RS) beneficially affect metabolic health. However, their combined effects on gut health are poorly understood. The purpose of this thesis was to investigate the combined effects of PA and RS via breath hydrogen production and blood glucose responses and directly learn about the research process. Methods: Twenty subjects with no reported symptoms of metabolic diseases participated in this thesis project. Subjects wore accelerometers to determine PA status, and were then stratified into two groups: less active or more active. Once enrolled and stratified into groups based on PA assessment, subjects came to the laboratory on two more occasions to eat a standardized energy dense test meal with a lemonade beverage. The beverage contained different doses (5 g or 25 g) of RS type 4. On each test day, breath hydrogen was collected at baseline through the sixth hour at hour intervals through the fourth hour. Between hours four and six, the breath samples were collected every 30 minutes. Blood glucose samples were collected at baseline before the meal and then 15, 30, 45, 60, 90, and 120 minutes after beginning to eat the meal. Results: The incremental areas under the curve for glucose were not different between PA groups or RS dose (p>0.05). The area under the curve values for breath hydrogen were not different (p>0.05) between groups or doses of PA and RS, respectively. Conclusion: These results indicate that acute assessments of gut fermentation in generally healthy participants, as assessed by postprandial breath hydrogen production, requires more than six hours of assessment to determine differences between treatments and levels of physical activity.
Space-resolved photoluminescence of ZnS:Cu,Al nanocrystals fabricated by sequential ion implantation

We report on photoluminescence (PL) properties of Cu- and Al-doped ZnS nanocrystals fabricated by sequential implantation of Zn+, S+, Cu+, and Al+ ions into Al2O3 matrices. The spatially resolved PL spectrum has been studied by a scanning near-field optical microscope (SNOM). In the SNOM image, bright spots are observed on the sample surface. The PL spectrum at each bright spot is broad and is not sensitive to the monitored positions. The broad SNOM-PL spectrum at each spot is very similar to the macroscopic PL spectrum measured by conventional optics. The donor-acceptor pair luminescence process in nanocrystals is discussed.
Integration and Arbitrage in the Spanish Financial Markets: An Empirical Approach

Several authors have introduced different ways to measure the integration between fmancial markets. Most of them are derived from the basic assumptions to price assets, like the Law of One Price or the absence of arbitrage opportunities. Two perfectly integrated markets must give identical price to identical fmal payoffs, and a vector of positive discount factors, common to both markets, must exist. Therefore, if these properties do not hold, their degree of violation can be measured and considered as an integration measure. The present paper empirically test the integration measures in the Spanish fmancial markets. Hence, several interesting values are obtained, like for instance, the state prices or the risk-neutral probabilities. Furthermore, when the risk-neutral probabilities do not exist, explicit cross-market arbitrage portfolios are detected. The results of our test are surprising for several reasons. First of all, the arbitrage opportunities very often appear, and the bid-ask spread and the transaction costs are not able to avoid the arbitrage profits. Furthermore, the criticisms, which are usually argued when empirical papers show the existence of arbitrage opportunities, do not apply here, since we work with perfectly synchronized high frequency data. On the other hand, different integration measures show a similar evolution along the tested period, although these measures give different information about the markets efficiency and integration, and they do not have to be necessarily related.
Characterizing the satellites of massive galaxies up to z ∼ 2: young populations to build the outskirts of nearby massive galaxies

The accretion of minor satellites is currently proposed as the most likely mechanism to explain the significant size evolution of the massive galaxies during the last ∼10 Gyr. In this paper, we investigate the rest-frame colours and the average stellar ages of satellites found around massive galaxies (M_star ∼ 10^11 M_⊙) since z ∼ 2. We find that the satellites have bluer colours than their central galaxies. When exploring the stellar ages of the galaxies, we find that the satellites have similar ages to the massive galaxies that host them at high redshifts, while at lower redshifts they are, on average, ≳1.5 Gyr younger. If our satellite galaxies create the envelope of nearby massive galaxies, our results would be compatible with the idea that the outskirts of those galaxies are slightly younger, metal-poorer and with lower [α/Fe] abundance ratios than their inner regions.
Phase Synchronization Phenomena on Coupled Multi-State Oscillators

This paper presents several phase synchronization phenomena on multi‐state oscillators coupled by inductors as a ring. Each oscillator circuit can individually behave some periodic oscillations (limit cycles) in the same parameters asynchronously. In this study, a coupled oscillator circuit which is composed by some oscillators is proposed and classification of phase synchronization modes is investigated. In numerical simulation, many types of phase synchronization modes are confirmed in the proposed systems.
Parallel genomic alignment and clustering tools in

In this project, I implement in Julia two important bioinformatics algorithms: 1) SmithWaterman alignment and 2) Markov clustering. For both algorithms, serial and parallel versions of the algorithms are implemented and compared in performance on distributed and shared memory systems up to 40 cores. Because of unique data dependencies in Smith-Waterman, a parallel algorithm can compute different sections of the alignment in parallel efficiently using Julia’s dynamic task scheduler. For Markov clustering, I implement a form of parallel multiplication using spawned tasks on slices of the input matrices. For both algorithms, remarkable performance speedups are achieved using parallel implementations in Julia.
Dysfunction of stress responsive systems in somatization

Functional somatic symptoms (FSS) are symptoms unexplained in terms of underlying organic pathology. Alterations in the immune system function may be associated with FSS via induction of sickness behavior. We aimed to investigate whether low-grade immune system activation is positively associated with FSS in a population-based cohort of 881 adults (46% male, mean age 53.0, SD11.4). Participants completed the somatization section of the Composite International Diagnostic Interview surveying the presence of 43 FSS. Innate immune function was assessed by measuring high-sensitive C-reactive protein (hs-CRP). Follow-up measurements of hs-CRP and FSS were performed approximately 2 years later. Regression analyses, with adjustments for gender, age, body mass index, anxiety, depression, smoking, alcohol use, and frequency of exercise, did not reveal a cross-sectional association ( (cid:533) = 0.01, t = 0.40, p = 0.693) or longitudinal association ( (cid:533) = -0.03, t = -0.93, p = 0.352) between hs-CRP and the total number of FSS. When examining different bodily clusters of FSS, hs-CRP was not associated with the gastrointestinal FSS cluster, but the association approached statistical significance for the general FSS cluster (OR 1.08, 95% CI 0.98 to 1.18) and musculoskeletal FSS cluster (OR 1.08, 95% CI 0.99 to 1.17). For the latter association, exploratory analyses revealed that mainly the pure musculoskeletal complaints were responsible (OR 1.12, 95% CI 1.03 to 1.21). We conclude that the level of hs-CRP is not a biomarker for the total number of FSS in the general population. The association between hs-CRP and musculoskeletal and general FSS needs further study.
Effects of sublethal concentrations of bifenthrin on the two-spotted spider mite, Tetranychus urticae (Acari: Tetranychidae)

Abstract Bifenthrin is a broad-spectrum insecticide and acaricide that is widely used in China. We evaluated the effects of sublethal concentrations (LC10 and LC25) of bifenthrin on the eggs and adult females of the two-spotted spider mite, Tetranychus urticae, in the laboratory at 26±1°C, 80% RH, and a 16 h: 8 h (L: D) photoperiod. The sublethal doses of bifenthrin decreased the intrinsic and finite rate of increase, net reproductive rate, survival rate, and reproductive value. The sublethal doses also increased the mean generation time, total pre-ovipositional period, and duration of the larval and nymphal stages. The intrinsic rate of increase dropped from 0.252/day in the control to 0.222 and 0.208/day in response to LC10 and LC25 treatments, respectively. Following LC10 and LC25 treatments, the net reproductive rate dropped from 60.65 offspring/individual in the control to 45.19 and 40.81, respectively. These laboratory results indicate that sublethal concentrations of bifenthrin may decrease the developmental rate of T. urticae, are unlikely to result in the resurgence of T. urtciae populations, and might therefore be useful in the integrated management of this pest.
IDENTIFICATION OF CANDIDATE GENES FOR BASAL ROOT WH ORL NUMBER AND BASAL ROOT NUMBER IN COMMON BEAN Phaseolus vulgaris

9 PROBLEM . 11 JUSTIFICATION . 13 INTRODUCTION . 14 Phaseolus vulgaris generalities . 14 Origin and Distribution . 15 Production and Consumption . 15 Bean Root System and Architecture . 16 Hormones involved in root development . 17 Nutrients taken by the roots . 18 Root responses to biotic stress . 18 Root responses to abiotic stress . 20 QTLs and genetic mapping in common bean . 23 Bioinformatics approach . 25 OBJECTIVES . 27 General Objective . 27 Specific Objectives . 27 MATERIALS AND METHODS . 28 Plant Material . 28 Phenotypic evaluation of BRWN . 29 Linkage mapping saturation and QTLs validation . 29 Bioinformatics analysis . 32 QTLs validation . 32 Root phenotyping and genotyping of populations . 32 RESULTS AND DISCUSSION . 35 Phenotyping of DOR364xG19883 additional lines . 35 Linkage mapping saturation and QTLs analysis . 38 Bioinformatics analysis . 44 Phenotyping and genotyping of populations for QTL validation . 48 CONCLUSIONS . 53 REFERENCES . 54
Effect of Fish Oil Supplement on Growth Performance, Ruminal Metabolism and Fatty Acid Composition of Longissimus Muscle in Korean Cattle

We investigated the effect of fish oil (FOS) on growth performance, ruminal metabolism and fatty acid composition and physical characteristics of longissimus muscle in 10 steers and 10 bulls of Korean cattle. Concentrates diet was supplemented with FOS at 5% of the diet. FOS contained 3.34% eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and 24.87% docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) of total fatty acids by weight. Average daily weight gain and feed efficiency were not affected (p>0.871) by FOS, but feed intake was decreased. FOS had lower (p<0.003) pH and higher (p<0.001) NH3-N than that of control. There was a treatment effect (p<0.001) for serum cholesterol concentrations. FOS increased (p<0.009) concentrations of n-3 fatty acids, including linolenic, EPA and DHA in longissimus muscle. Physical traits were significantly (p<0.015) changed by feeding FOS except for pH and lightness (L). We concluded that the fatty acid composition and physical properties of the muscle in fattening Korean cattle can be altered by feeding 5% FOS. (Asian-Aust. J. Anim. Sci. 2002. Vol 15, No. 1 : 66-71)
SURVEY ON COMMUNITY DETECTION IN SOCIAL NETWORKS

Community detection is a growing field in the area of Social Network applications. Community in social network is peoples with common interests join anytime anywhere to freely share information, experiences, opinions, services, and other useful resources. Communities give us valuable data about relation between individuals and how data transfers between them. Social network mainly have a graphical representation. Within the graph community is a group of vertices which probably share common properties and play similar roles. A few methods focus here to detect communities are by analysing the graphical structure of the network, and by applying clustering techniques on network. This will identify the disjoint communities in a network.
Impact of capacitive coupling element design on antenna bandwidth

A coupling element is typically used to excite one of more characteristic modes of a structure to form some desired radiation properties. In particular, non-resonant coupling elements (CEs) are attractive, since it is electrically small and can be more conveniently integrated into the structure, such as the chassis of a mobile terminal. In this case, the chassis is the primary radiator of the mobile terminal. However, there is still limited knowledge on how to design andoptimize coupling elements. In this paper, we examine how the dimensions of a single capacitive coupling element (CCE) influence the potential bandwidth of exciting the fundamental dipole mode of a rectangular terminal chassis. The parametric study shows that the CCE must not be too small electrically, for the sake of bandwidth. However, the bandwidth saturates when the size of the CCE is increased beyond a certain threshold. Therefore, this study provides some useful insights and guidelines for CCE design.
Redacted for Privacy RELIABLE CONTROLLER DESIGN FOR SYSTEMS WITH TRANSIENTS

approved: Molly H. Shor Reliable controller designs have been developed in this thesis for a number of finitehorizon and infinite-horizon problems with possibly non-zero initial conditions. These reliable controllers assure that system stability and system performance will be maintained despite certain system faults. The performance measure used in this thesis is an " 1-10. , -like norm", which is an induced two-norm from all exogenous signals and initial conditions to the regulated output and final states. Controller designs and existence conditions are presented for a reliable controller for faults in any pre-selected subset of actuators or sensors. Also, controller designs and an existence condition are presented for a reliable controller for any single sensor or actuator fault using sensor and actuator redundancy. Redacted for Privacy RELIABLE CONTROLLER DESIGN FOR SYSTEMS WITH TRANSIENTS by Lei Feng A THESIS submitted to Oregon State University in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Science Presented April 14, 1998 Commencement June 1999 Master of Science thesis of Lei Feng presented on April 14, 1998
Gaussian maximum likelihood estimation for ARMA models II: Spatial processes

This paper examines the Gaussian maximum likelihood estimator (GMLE) in the context of a general form of spatial autoregressive and moving average (ARMA) processes with finite second moment. The ARMA processes are supposed to be causal and invertible under the half-plane unilateral order, but not necessarily Gaussian. We show that the GMLE is consistent. Subject to a modification to confine the edge effect, it is also asymptotically distribution-free in the sense that the limit distribution is normal, unbiased and has variance depending only on the autocorrelation function. This is an analogue of Hannan's classic result for time series in the context of spatial processes.
Effect of Salmonella on Hatchability and Fertility in Laying Hen, an Assessment

Salmonella infection is not only infecting poultry but also emerging as a pandemic in public health. S almonella affecting poultry are S. pullorum , S. gallinarum, S. typhimurium , which are collectively categorized under S. enterica. It causes a systemic infection in poultry birds primarily gastroenteriti s with colonization of bacteria in liver, spleen, i ntestines, ovary, oviduct and vagina. Poultry eggs are more importantly contaminated with salmonella infection that originate from t ransovarian route (vertical route) or from contaminated hen house (ho rizontal route). In severe cases Salmonella causes a decrease in egg production, reduction in fertility and low hatchabi lity of infected eggs. Albumin, yolk and other shel l contents get contaminated with bacteria. They serve as source of nutrition fo r micro- organisms. Hatcheries and egg storing plac es also present risk of Salmonella contamination. They possess bacterial mi cro flora that may contaminate eggs before they are processed or set in the incubator. More simply the decrease in hatchability of eggs occurs due to persistence of Salmonella infection in hen reproductive tract. In this review, some of such fe atures are discussed that included in manifestation of Salmonella infection.
Exploring the Linkage between Transformational Leadership and Investment Promotion in Tanzania Case Study of Tanzania Investment Centre

Developing countries, which are characterized with rapid increase in population, unemployment, democratization process and competition in the global market associated with low investments, have found it difficult to meet the needs and expectations of a vast number of majorities. With increasing investment demands in developing countries specifically Tanzania in its different development sectors such as mining, agriculture and industry, effective leadership is an incremental component in achieving the desired objectives. The purpose of the study was to assess the effect of transformational leadership on promoting investment in Tanzania. Case study design was used in executing the study covering a stratified sample of 72 respondents drawn from a target population of 129. Data was collected using questionnaires and interviews. Both descriptive and inferential statistical tools were used to analyze data. The descriptive statistical tools that were used included frequencies, percentages, and mean while inferential statistics involved correlation analysis. The study achieved a response of 76.39%. The results show that there is a significant positive correlation between idealized influence and promotion of investment with a correlation coefficient of 0.278 (p=0.01). The results also indicate there was a strong positive correlation (0.352) between inspirational motivation and promotion of investments. Correlation analysis also established a moderate positive correlation (0.346) between intellectual stimulation and promotion of investments. There was a positive correlation (0.437) between individualized influence and promotion of investments. Generally, the level of promotion of investment was high and this was a result of transformational leadership among other reasons. The study recommends that there is need for the managers of TIC to continue displaying a sense of power and confidence as well as emphasizes the importance of having a collective sense of mission to sustain the level at which the investments are being promoted.
On the Coexistence of Smuggling and Trafficking in Migrants

Akerlof’s (1970) model of asymmetric information is adapted for the migrant smuggling market where smugglers differ in their capacities to exploit their clients in the destination. Migrants may gain a greater surplus when informationally disadvantaged than under symmetric information, which can be a source of the market’s prosperity. We show a static equilibrium where both exploitative and non-exploitative smugglers are active is subject to adverse selection in the long run in an environment where migrants trust social networks and distrust exploitative smugglers. We predict the market may converge to a stable state where only exploitative smugglers are active due to the very information transmission through social networks that is commonly used to evade hiring exploitative smugglers. Exploitative and non-exploitative smugglers then coexist only temporarily. Policymakers are likely to face a dilemma of whether to reduce the exploitation of smuggled migrants or the availability of smuggling services, for there seems to be a trade-off between these.