Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Design principles for professionalizing primary school teachers on promoting reading motivation

Studies show that teachers’ continuing professional development (CPD) is essential for educational quality, and moreover, when it comes to reading, key for students’ success in education and participation in our 21st century society. Most of the research investigating professional development programs on improving teachers’ self-efficacy for teaching reading and in particular on fostering students’ reading motivation, however, fails to include clear and detailed descriptions of the design principles underlying the programs. Therefore, the present study provides a comprehensive description and operationalization of the design principles of a CPD program for primary school teachers focusing on promoting students’ reading motivation combining Desimone’s (2009) framework for effective professional development with Self-Determination Theory (Ryan & Deci, 2000). Consequently, the CPD program’s core features as distinguished by Desimone (i.e., content focus, coherence, active learning, collective participation and duration) and the need for autonomy, competence and relatedness as put central in SDT are analytically described and elaborated on. In view of reporting on the implementation check of the CPD, we further provide insight into whether these operationalized design principles were also perceived as such by the teachers participating in a first iteration of the CPD intervention. information.
Evaluating Universal Screening with Community-Oriented Collaboration on Students’ Receipt of Social, Emotional, and Behavioral Intervention

ABSTRACT Tiered response models encourage a proactive approach to identification of social-emotional needs and intervention. However, schools experience barriers to adopting and implementing such models that use data to allocate interventions. The current study examines the utility of a universal social-emotional learning (SEL) screening system embedded in an empowerment evaluation framework to improve intervention receipt. Teachers at two primary elementary schools rated all students with an SEL screening system in a tiered response model. The intervention school received screening results with empowerment evaluation supports while the comparison school did not receive screening results and proceeded with intervention decision-making as usual. Intervention receipt results were analyzed with chi-square tests and descriptive comparisons. The intervention school served a greater number of students with interventions, was more likely to intervene for students with SEL need, and implemented a greater number of small-group interventions than the comparison school. Limitations and future directions are discussed.
An Efficient Approach to Finding Dense Temporal Subgraphs

Dense subgraph discovery has proven useful in various applications of temporal networks. We focus on a special class of temporal networks whose nodes and edges are kept fixed, but edge weights regularly vary with timestamps. However, finding dense subgraphs in temporal networks is non-trivial, and its state of the art solution uses a filter-and-verification framework that is not scalable on large temporal networks. In this study, we propose a highly efficient approach to finding dense subgraphs in large temporal networks with <inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">$T$</tex-math><alternatives><mml:math><mml:mi>T</mml:mi></mml:math><inline-graphic xlink:href="ma-ieq1-2891604.gif"/></alternatives></inline-formula> timestamps. (1) We first develop a statistics-driven approach that employs hidden statistics to identifying <inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">$k$</tex-math><alternatives><mml:math><mml:mi>k</mml:mi></mml:math><inline-graphic xlink:href="ma-ieq2-2891604.gif"/></alternatives></inline-formula> time intervals, instead of <inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">$T(T+1)/2$</tex-math><alternatives><mml:math><mml:mrow><mml:mi>T</mml:mi><mml:mo>(</mml:mo><mml:mi>T</mml:mi><mml:mo>+</mml:mo><mml:mn>1</mml:mn><mml:mo>)</mml:mo><mml:mo>/</mml:mo><mml:mn>2</mml:mn></mml:mrow></mml:math><inline-graphic xlink:href="ma-ieq3-2891604.gif"/></alternatives></inline-formula> ones (<inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">$k$</tex-math><alternatives><mml:math><mml:mi>k</mml:mi></mml:math><inline-graphic xlink:href="ma-ieq4-2891604.gif"/></alternatives></inline-formula> is typically much smaller than <inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">$T$</tex-math><alternatives><mml:math><mml:mi>T</mml:mi></mml:math><inline-graphic xlink:href="ma-ieq5-2891604.gif"/></alternatives></inline-formula>), which strikes a balance between quality and efficiency. (2) After proving that the problem has no constant factor approximation algorithms, we design better heuristic algorithms to attack the problem, by connecting finding dense subgraphs with a variant of the Prize Collecting Steiner Tree problem. (3) Finally, we have conducted an extensive experimental study to verify that our approach is both effective and efficient.
Optimal Configuration of Interdependence Between Communication Network and Power Grid

Smart grid is a cyber-physical system with interdependent power grid and communication network. Such interdependence make the smart grid fragile against cascading failures, where an initial failure in communication network may lead to further failures in power grid, and vice versa. We prevent such inter-network cascading failure by stopping an initial failure from propagating. This is achieved by providing a sufficient number of power-disjoint communication routes between power nodes and control center. The number of power-disjoint routes is a robustness metric. We aim to maximize robustness by configuring the interdependence relationship between power grid and communication networks. Such relationship indicates which power node supplies energy to which communication node, and which communication route is used to connect which power node to the control center. Following Menger's Theorem, we transform such configuration problem into a Maxflow problem and solve it using the simplex algorithm. We have evaluated the proposed method through extensive simulations. The results confirm the optimality and computational efficiency of the proposed method. The number of power-disjoint routes increases with an increase in the network size, but can never exceed the number of node-disjoint routes for a same network.
Abordagem da Catarata Congnita: anlise de srie de casos

A catarata congenita e uma causa importante de deficiencia visual, principalmente por ambliopia, com prevalencia aproximada de 0,4%. Seu manejo cirurgico, inclusive em criancas, tem se desenvolvido, levando a melhores resultados visuais e contribuindo para o controle da ambliopia. OBJETIVO: Relatar os resultados precoces de uma serie de casos submetidos a diferentes modalidades cirurgicas para catarata congenita no Servico de Catarata do Instituto de Oftalmologia Tadeu Cvintal (IOTC) de janeiro de 2004 a janeiro de 2005. METODOS: Estudo retrospectivo em 19 criancas (32 olhos) com catarata congenita. A serie de casos foi dividida em tres grupos de acordo com a abordagem cirurgica: lensectomia via pars plana, facoaspiracao com e sem implante de lente intraocular. A acuidade visual corrigida final foi registrada com quatro meses de pos-operatorio. RESULTADOS: Oito olhos foram submetidos a lensectomia, treze (13) a facoaspiracao com implante de lente intra-ocular, e onze (11) a facoaspiracao sem implante de lente intra-ocular. Em dez olhos foi realizada capsulotomia posterior primaria. A unica complicacao observada foi opacidade de capsula posterior em 60% (n=05) dos casos. Aproximadamente 43% dos pacientes (n=14) desenvolveram AV final corrigida entre 20/20 (LogMAR + 0.0) e 20/40 (LogMAR +0.3). Destes, oito (57%) eram olhos de criancas operadas de ambos os olhos (catarata bilateral). A media de idade em que foram operadas, neste grupo de melhor acuidade, foi de sete anos. Sete (50%) olhos foram submetidos a facoaspiracao com implante de lente intra-ocular, e cinco (35%) destes foram submetidos a capsulotomia posterior secundaria. CONCLUSAO: A serie de casos analisada apresentou bons resultados cirurgicos e funcionais precoces, embora trata-se de um numero pequeno e heterogeneo de pacientes. O acompanhamento a longo prazo desses pacientes e essencial para avaliarmos que papel as diferentes indicacoes cirurgicas tem para o prognostico visual funcional.
Socio-economic Consequences of Displacement and Resettlement: A Case on the Planned Oil-refinery-development Project in the Albertine Region of Uganda

Millions of people are every year forcefully displaced from their places of residence and alienated from access to livelihood assets through large-scale development projects. This article examines different socio-economic consequences of displacement and resettlement caused by the planned oil-refinery site in Uganda. Household survey and interviews were employed to elicit the necessary data, analysed through descriptive statistics, logistic-regression and content analysis. Although the resettlement process exposed households to some benefits, most households were exposed to substantial risks. Over 81 per cent of households experiencing displacement lost their land and experienced reduced resource access. The results also showed significant relationships between consequences and socio-economic characteristics of respondents in that both male and female respondents had access to more and productive assets; and larger land sizes and incomes were reported to have been more affected. Also vulnerable groups including females and those with low or no education levels were more risk-prone than before the resettlement. In future development projects, the government should take into consideration the effect of the displacement and resettlement on asset access.
Material Image Segmentation with the Machine Learning Method and Complex Network Method

The study of the relationship among the manufacturing process, the structure and the property of materials can help to develop the new materials. The material images contain the microstructures of materials, therefore, the quantitative analysis for the material images is the important means to study the characteristics of material structures. Generally, the quantitative analysis for the material microstructures is based on the exact segmentation of the materials images. However, most material microstructures are shown with various shapes and complex textures in images, and they seriously hinder the exact segmentation of the component elements. In this research, machine learning method and complex networks method are adopted to the challenge of automatic material image segmentation. Two segmentation tasks are completed: on the one hand, the images of the titanium alloy are segmented based on the pixel-level classification through feature extraction and machine learning algorithm; on the other hand, the ceramic images are segmented with the complex networks theory. In the first task, texture and shape features near each pixel in titanium alloy image are calculated, such as Gabor filters, Hu moments and GLCM (Gray-Level Cooccurrence Matrix) etc. The feature vector for the pixel can be obtained by arraying these features. Then, classification is performed with the random forest model. Once each pixel is classified, the image segmentation is completed. In the second task, a complex network structure is built for the ceramic image. Then, a clustering algorithm of complex network is used to obtain network connection area. Finally, the clustered network structure is mapped back to the image and getting the contours among the component elements. The experimental results demonstrate that these methods can accurately segment material images.
Socializing Habits of Young Hungarian People in Transylvania—Media-Psychological Analysis

The aim of the research was to monitor as closely as possible the active media consumption behaviors of pupils living in Mures, Cluj, Brasov and Harghita counties, in Romania. The age range of the pupils was between the ages of 11 and 18 years old. In the school year of 2017-2018, 206 individuals participated in the study by filling out an online electronic questionnaire. Prior to this study, there was an assessment in 2012, on similar topics, and the survey conducted then and now can be compared in order to see the changes and shifts that occurred in five years, considering that the current study was conducted on a larger sample, on a larger population. This assessment was conducted from the perspective of practical media education, focusing on topics such as the possibilities inherent in using Facebook; the purpose and the language of chat and messenger; befriending on social media: the question of friendship on the web—is it actual or virtual friendship? etc. The questionnaire was adapted to the age, individual characteristics of the pupils, their media consumption habits, perceived preferences, interest, perceived and revealed risk factors. The data obtained is very valuable from my perspective as a media psychology teacher. It is very important to emphasize on the fact that our society, on the micro-level and on the wider scale, is facing multitudes of challenges regarding media consumption. These challenges require a more precise, refined and advanced theoretical and practical approach (raising awareness, prevention strategies) in media education.
IMAGINE: Modeling the Galactic Magnetic Field

The IMAGINE Consortium aims to bring modeling of the magnetic field of the Milky Way to the next level by using Bayesian inference. IMAGINE includes an open-source modular software pipeline that optimizes parameters in a user-defined galactic magnetic field model against various selected observational datasets. Bayesian priors can be added as external probabilistic constraints of the model parameters. These conference proceedings describe the science goals of the IMAGINE consortium, the software pipeline and its inputs, namely observational data sets, galactic magnetic field models, and Bayesian priors.
Is There a Fatherhood Wage Premium? A Reassessment in Societies With Strong Male‐Breadwinner Legacies

textabstractObjective: This study examines whether fatherhood sparks the wage attainment of men or rather entry into fatherhood is simply more typical for high-earning men and at times of wage growth during the career cycle. Background: Fatherhood premiums may contribute to gender economic inequalities, particularly in countries with strong male-breadwinner legacies such as Germany and the United Kingdom. Yet, as male-breadwinner norms have waned and policies have started fostering men's role as carers, wage premiums could be a thing of the past. Also, the mechanisms usually invoked to account for fatherhood premiums—effort allocation, couple specialization, and employer discrimination—seem of little relevance even in these countries. Entry into parenthood spurred by wage attainment is therefore scrutinized as an alternative source of the apparent premiums on average and across cohorts. Method: The author uses long-running panel data for both countries and three regression-based approaches (pooled ordinary least squares, fixed effects estimation, and fixed effects individual-slope estimation). Results: Overall, fatherhood wage bonuses could not be detected on average as well as across birth cohorts. At best, estimates were compatible with modest premiums among older cohorts of men. Positive selection on both prior wage levels and wage growth was found to be largely responsible for the apparent wage boost. The contribution of selection on prior wage levels though has been fading across cohorts, meaning that men select into fatherhood less and less on the basis of time-invariant characteristics positively related to both wages and the chance of becoming a father. Conclusion: The link between fatherhood and wages appears to be more of a selection story than a causal one, even in contexts with strong male-breadwinner legacies.
International Diversification

We use a recently developed decomposition method to study the variance composition of 18 major national indices over the period 1974-2001. We show that over the sample period, average country-specific volatility has increased with weakly statistical significance; accordingly, the benefits of international diversification have remained substantial. We also find that promoting economic integration has regional implications. By focusing on 10 European Union country indices, we find that the benefits of regional diversification within the EU have shrunk and the financial links among EU member states have been considerably strengthen over the sample period. Together these findings suggest that the between-region effects of international diversification have been growing over time, and international diversification is most effective when investors overcome their geographic proximity biases and invest in other regions.
Recommendations for Future Efforts in RANS Modeling and Simulation

The roadmap laid out in the CFD Vision 2030 document [1] suggests that a decision to move away from RANS research needs to be made in the current timeframe (around 2020). This paper outlines industry requirements for improved predictions of turbulent flows and the cost-barrier that is often associated with reliance on scale resolving methods. Capabilities of RANS model accuracy for simple and complex flow flow fields are assessed, and modeling practices that degrade predictive accuracy are identified. Suggested research topics are identified that have the potential to improve the applicability and accuracy of RANS models. We conclude that it is important that some part of a balanced turbulence modeling research portfolio should include RANS efforts.
The Influence of EEG References on the Analysis of Spatio-Temporal Interrelation Patterns

The characterization of the functional network of the brain dynamics has become a prominent tool to illuminate novel aspects of brain functioning. Due to its excellent time resolution, such research is oftentimes based on electroencephalographic recordings (EEG). However, a particular EEG-reference might cause crucial distortions of the spatiotemporal interrelation pattern and may induce spurious correlations as well as diminish genuine interrelations originally present in the dataset. Here we investigate in which manner correlation patterns are affected by a chosen EEG reference. To this end we evaluate the influence of 7 popular reference schemes on artificial recordings derived from well controlled numerical test frameworks. In this respect we are not only interested in the deformation of spatial interrelations, but we test additionally in which way the time evolution of the functional network, estimated via some bi-variate interrelation measures, gets distorted. It turns out that the median reference as well as the global average show the best performance in most situations considered in the present study. However, if a collective brain dynamics is present, where most of the signals get correlated, these schemes may also cause crucial deformations of the functional network, such that the parallel use of different reference schemes seems advisable.
Management Ideas and the Social Construction of Organizations

This chapter examines cultural transformations that have contributed to the expansion of management ideas in number, domains, and across sectors. The discussion is organized around a conceptual model that depicts propositions arguing that cultural foundations underpin the expansion of management ideas and formal organization as core elements of contemporary society. These Page pageId="12"? >cultural foundations include scientization, individual rights and capacities, and ongoing individual education and professionalization. The processes identified are illustrated with examples of particular management ideas that have contributed to the standardization of organizations as a single, meta-form of social structure. The chapter ends by discussing research implications and future scholarly directions.
Developmental Influences of Substance Use on Criminal Offending

This chapter investigates how substance use might increase the risk of offending with an emphasis on developmental trajectories of substance use and their influence on offending. It describes three models that explain how substance use directly influences criminal offending: the psychopharmacological model, the economic motivation model, and the socio-environmental/contextual model. The chapter then provides an overview of empirical studies examining developmental influences of substance use on criminal behavior. First, studies examining contemporaneous and lagged associations are briefly summarized. Then, studies that have examined how trajectories of alcohol and marijuana use predict later criminal offending are reviewed, along with a brief discussion of the effects of substance use on desistance and persistence of criminal offending. Last, the chapter recommends areas for future research.
New Approach on the Agile Cycles Containment Effectiveness Metrics in Automotive SW Development

In an ideal Agile Development Team, defects should not exist. But in reality and especially in Automotive Agile Software Development, we need to have a mechanism for defects handling and tracking to closure. In this paper we describe the benefits and principles for measuring the defects handling metrics in automotive programs and organizations which adopted Agile SW Development. We are presenting the Iteration Containment Effectiveness, Program Increment Containment Effectiveness and Defect Debt Trend metrics. The acquired advantages are demonstrated by a detailed example of real application on how to measure the classical Phase Containment Effectiveness metric on Iteration (Sprint) and Program Increment (Scum of Scrums / Scaled Agile) Level. This paper is an extended version of the original contribution to the IMEKO TC 4 2017 symposium in Iasi, Romania.
An Experimental Phonetic Study of Dialectal Impact on English Learners’ Prosody—A Case Study of Shandong Dialect

It has been commonly recognized by the academic community that Chinese English learners can be regarded as the trilingual learners in dialects, Mandarin, and then English. Thus the first two acquired languages seem to be unavoidable to result in some effects on the study of English, especially the prosody of English. At the same time, the fact that the English prosodic research has been a significant project in the linguistic study with the globalization and localization of English, draws the public’s attention to the further study of the prosody of English for which is of vital importance in English learning. Focusing on the intonation, stress, tone, pause, and so on, prosody is the fundamental element of speech and the core of English phonetics. Taking Shandong dialect as an example, the study investigates the influence of the dialects on the learning of English prosody from two aspects—intonation and stress, by the acoustic analysis and comparison of the English prosody of linguistic data from Shandong EFL learners and English native speakers based on IViE (Intonational Variation in English) and ToBI (Tone and Breaks Indices) systems using Praat software. In addition, the reasons why these effects and problems take place are discussed profoundly. Therefore the corresponding measures should be taken in order to help students eliminate the negative impacts of their dialects and deliver standard English. The study may have great references on the improvement and elevation of teaching methods on the dialectal regions and some implications on second language acquisition.