Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Physical and psychologic measures are necessary to assess overall psoriasis severity.

BACKGROUND The assessment of psoriasis severity is complex and involves both the physical and psychologic assessment of the individual patient. OBJECTIVE We compared the Salford Psoriasis Index and several other tools for assessing psoriasis severity for their abilities to assess both the physical and psychologic effects of psoriasis. METHODS A total of 101 patients (44 women, 57 men) were assessed by means of the Salford Psoriasis Index (SPI), Psoriasis Area and Severity Index (PASI), Self-Administered PASI (SAPASI), Psoriasis Disability Index (PDI), Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS), and Illness Perception Questionnaire (IPQ). RESULTS The "signs" score of SPI (which measures the clinical extent of psoriasis), PASI, and SAPASI correlated well with each other (r = 0.69-0.99; P <.01). They also correlated significantly, but not as strongly, with scores of psoriasis-induced disability, the PDI and SPI "psychosocial disability" score (r = 0.46-0.51; P <.01), but not with general measures of psychologic distress. There was no significant correlation between the historical treatment, "intervention," score in SPI and either the physical or the psychologic score in the SPI. The PDI and "psychosocial disability" score of SPI correlated well with each other (r = 0.69; P <.01) as well as with the depression and anxiety subscale scores of HADS (r = 0.33 and r = 0.37; P <.01, respectively), the total number of symptoms suffered by the patient (r = 0.38; P <.01), and the belief that stress or worry were associated with psoriasis (r = 0.33; P <.01). CONCLUSION Physical scores of psoriasis severity such as PASI, SAPASI, and the "signs" component of SPI give a partial indication of psychosocial disability caused by psoriasis. In many patients, however, the physical score does not reflect psychosocial disability. Patients should be assessed by a more holistic approach, which takes into account both physical and psychologic measurements, such as used in SPI, when assessing the severity of psoriasis.
The Influence of Dietary Composition on Energy Intake and Body Weight

We review evidence regarding the influence of dietary fat, fiber, the glycemic index and sugar on energy intake and body weight. Although data from comprehensive long-term studies are lacking, published investigations suggest that the previous focus on lowering dietary fat as a means for promoting negative energy balance has led to an underestimation of the potential role of dietary composition in promoting reductions in energy intake and weight loss. More randomized clinical trials are needed to examine the relative utility of different putative dietary factors in the treatment of obesity.
Induced Tolerance and “Homologous Disease'”in X-Irradiated Mice Protected with Homologous Bone Marrow.∗

Summary CBA mice protected against an otherwise lethal dose of irradiation with isologous CBA bone marrow showed normal rejection of skin grafts from the Cb strain. Irradiated CBA mice protected with Cb or (Cb x CBA) F1 hybrid marrow were tolerant of skin grafts from the Cb strain. Irradiated CBA mice protected with a mixture of marrow from the Cb and CBA strain were not tolerant of skin grafts from the Cb strain. Late mortality (21 to 60 days post-irradiation), after good early protection (21 days) against doses of whole body X-irradiation above the LD100, did not occur in mice protected with isologous bone marrow (where neither the host nor the donor can react immunologically against each other). It occurred in mice protected with homologous marrow from a foreign strain (where both the host strain and the donor strain can potentially react immunologically against each other). It did not occur in mice protected with marrow from an F, hybrid of the irradiated strain (where the host strain can potentially react against the donor strain but the donor strain has no potential to react against the host strain). It occurred in some but not all combinations of irradiated F1 hybrids protected with marrow from a parent strain (where the host has no potential to react against the donor strain but the donor strain can potentially react against the recipient strain). The terms “homologous disease'”and “heterologous disease'”are proposed to designate the complications specifically attributable to successful transplantation of homologous or heterologous, as opposed to isologous or autologous, bone marrow or lymphoid tissue into a tolerant host.
Epidermal and craniofacial defects in mice overexpressing Klf5 in the basal layer of the epidermis

Krüppel-like factor5 (Klf5) is a zinc-finger transcription factor normally expressed in the skin. Here, we show that overexpression of Klf5 in the basal layer of the epidermis during embryogenesis affects epidermal development and disrupts epithelial-mesenchymal interactions necessary for skin adnexae formation as well as craniofacial morphogenesis. The transgenic mice exhibited exencephaly, craniofacial defects, persistent abdominal herniation and ectodermal dysplasia. Moreover, the epidermis was hypoplastic and underwent abnormal differentiation with expression of keratin8, a marker for single-layered epithelia, in the stratified epidermis. Correspondingly, we observed a downregulation of ΔNp63 expression in the skin. Overexpression of Klf5 in adult mice led to hyperkeratosis, follicle occlusion and epidermal erosions. Further, we observed decrease and even loss of the stem cell population of bulge keratinocytes, as characterized by the expression pattern of α6 integrin and CD34 markers. Our data suggest a new role of Klf5 as a modulator of p63 expression and the differentiation program of epidermal cells relevant for regenerative potential of the epidermis and epithelial-mesenchymal interactions.
Resistive transitions in ultrathin superconducting films: Possible evidence for quantum tunneling of vortices.

Unusual temperature dependence of electrical resistance has been observed in ultrathin superconducting films of Pb, Al, and Bi. In small magnetic fields, at low temperatures, sheet resistances varied with temperature as R≃R 0 exp(T/T 0 ), where T 0 and R 0 are constants. This result is not expected in conventional models of vortex motion involving thermal activation. On the other hand, it may be explained in a quantum tunneling picture
VESTIBULAR FUNCTION IN DIFFERENT OTONEUROLOGICAL PATIENTS AS MEASURED BY HEAD TILT AND HEAD IMPULSE TEST

Objectives The first objective was to evaluate feasibility of head tilt testing and the motorized head impulse test (mHIT) for the quantification of vestibular function and its possible change in different otoneurological patient groups. The second objective was to compare these objective findings with symptoms and other signs for these patients. Methods Head tilt was measured by using a commercially available video-oculography (VOG) mask-integrated head position sensor in complete darkness in static and dynamic (subjective head vertical, SHV) conditions. The head tilt was measured in 20 healthy subjects, and in 30 patients with acute unilateral vestibular loss in the acute stage and at a mean of three months later. Head tilt was also measured in 43 patients with vestibular schwannoma preoperatively and at a mean of four months postoperatively. The mHIT was used for quantifying the function of the horizontal angular vestibulo-ocular reflex (aVOR) in 30 patients with acute unilateral vestibular loss in the acute stage and at a mean of three months later. mHIT was also used to measure aVOR in 44 patients with cochlear implant (CI) preoperatively and at a mean of two months and 19 months postoperatively. The aVOR was assessed by gain and asymmetry in gain. The patients completed a structured questionnaire during their visits to the vestibular laboratory to assess hearing, dizziness, and quality of life. Results Those patients with acute unilateral vestibular loss exhibited a slight head tilt towards the ipsilateral side, which significantly differed from that of controls, and which significantly recovered during the follow-up period. The mean head tilt in patients with VS was ipsilateral both preand postoperatively, and significantly larger than in controls. No significant change in head tilt after three months was encountered. In both patient groups the head tilt reinforced after returning from an ipsilateral head tilt. In patients with acute unilateral vestibular loss, the initially low mean ipsilateral aVOR gain and high asymmetry improved significantly during the follow-up, whereas the contralateral gain remained normal and showed no significant change. During the follow-up visit a high symptom score correlated moderately with low gain and with high asymmetry. The preoperative aVOR was deficient in the majority of the CI recipients. The
ACTN3 and ACE genotypes in elite Jamaican and US sprinters.

UNLABELLED The angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) and the alpha-actinin-3 (ACTN3) genes are two of the most studied "performance genes" and both have been associated with sprint/power phenotypes and elite performance. PURPOSE To investigate the association between the ACE and the ACTN3 genotypes and sprint athlete status in elite Jamaican and US African American sprinters. METHODS The ACTN3 R577X and the ACE I/D and A22982G (rs4363) genotype distributions of elite Jamaican (J-A; N = 116) and US sprinters (US-A; N = 114) were compared with controls from the Jamaican (J-C; N = 311) and US African American (US-C; N = 191) populations. Frequency differences between groups were assessed by exact test. RESULTS For ACTN3, the XX genotype was found to be at very low frequency in both athlete and control cohorts (J-C = 2%, J-A = 3%, US-C = 4%, US-A = 2%). Athletes did not differ from controls in ACTN3 genotype distribution (J, P = 0.87; US, P = 0.58). Similarly, neither US nor Jamaican athletes differed from controls in genotype at ACE I/D (J, P = 0.44; US, P = 0.37). Jamaican athletes did not differ from controls for A22982G genotype (P = 0.28), although US sprinters did (P = 0.029), displaying an excess of heterozygotes relative to controls but no excess of GG homozygotes (US-C = 22%, US-A = 18%). CONCLUSIONS Given that ACTN3 XX genotype is negatively associated with elite sprint athlete status, the underlying low frequency in these populations eliminates the possibility of replicating this association in Jamaican and US African American sprinters. The finding of no excess in ACE DD or GG genotypes in elite sprint athletes relative to controls suggests that ACE genotype is not a determinant of elite sprint athlete status.
Effect of music and rhythm on physical performance.

Abstract The effect of synchronized and asynchronized movement to music on the ability to endure a physical task was examined. The relative work loads for 32 male and female subjects (ranging in age from 19 to 22 years) on the PWC170 test (physical work capacity, 170 bpm) were calculated and used as the criterion for exercise intensity. Subjects were then assigned in counterbalanced order to each of three conditions: synchronous movement to music, asynchronous movement to music, and a control condition. A Sex by Conditions repeated-measures ANOVA indicated that music, particularly if synchronized to physical movement, had a positive effect on the ability to endure the task and that male subjects endured longer than female subjects.
New Depletion-Mode IGZO TFT Shift Register

A new shift register employing bottom-gate In-Ga-Zn-O thin-film transistors (IGZO TFTs) was proposed and fabricated. Depletion-mode IGZO TFTs were successfully turned off by employing two low-voltage-level signals. The IGZO shift register exhibited a high-voltage output pulse without any distortion and a maximum clock frequency of 417 kHz. The proposed shift register would be an important building block for a depletion-mode oxide TFT display.
The Effect of Physician-Patient Communication on Mammography Utilization by Different Ethnic Groups

The differential utilization of screening mammography by racial/ethnic groups was examined through 35-minute bilingual, random digit dialed telephone interviews with 1,057 women over age 35 years. Results showed that 71% of hispanic women had never had a mammogram and that only 27% over age 50 years had had one in the year before the survey. White and black women over the age of 50 years were being screened more frequently with 34% of white women and 36% of black women having had a mammogram in the prior year. More than half of the hispanic women over age 50 years had never had a mammogram. Analyses showed that the most important variable that predicted whether women of all racial groups had a mammogram, at any time or within the last year, was whether their doctors had discussed mammography with them. The discussion did not need to be lengthy or complex. Hispanic women, however, were less likely to have physicians who discussed screening with them even though these women reported that they were just as motivated as other women to get a mammogram if their doctor referred them. Suggestions for what primary care physicians can do to increase mammography rates, especially among hispanic women, are discussed.
Older women with breast carcinoma are less likely to receive adjuvant chemotherapy

Older women with breast carcinoma are less likely than younger women to receive adjuvant chemotherapy. The authors hypothesized that after controlling for confounders (i.e., variables related to both age and chemotherapy use) and effect modifiers (i.e., variables that have a significant interaction with age), age would become a less significant factor for predicting adjuvant chemotherapy use.
Human machine interaction by voice and gesture

Voice and gesture represent fundamental and universal modalities in interhuman communication. With recent advances in automatic methods of speech recognition and synthesis, human-machine interaction by voice is rapidly becoming a technological and commercial reality. Although less mature and deployed, gesture recognition by machine is becoming reliable enough to be considered as a serious supplement to the voice interface between humans and machines.
Energy-aware competitive power distributed allocation in multi-cell cellular networks

In this paper, we develop a distributed power allocation algorithm for maximizing the energy efficiency in the downlink of orthogonal frequency division multiple-access (OFDMA) based multi-cell cellular networks. Each small-cell allocates its available transmit power over the set of assigned sub-carriers to maximize its individual utility (defined as the small-cell's throughput per watt of transmit power) subject to a target rate requirement. In this framework, the relevant solution concept is that of Debreu equilibrium, a generalization of the concept of Nash equilibrium. Then we develop an non-cooperative game for energy efficient power control, and prove the existence of Debreu equilibrium. We also propose an algorithm based on an iterative water-filling best response process to achieve the equilibrium. Numerical simulations are then performed assess the convergence of the proposed algorithm and the performance of its end-state as a function of the system parameters.
The Specification of Neuronal Fate: A Common Precursor for Neurotransmitter Subtypes in the Rat Cerebral Cortex In Vitro

Neurotransmitter choice is a crucial step in neural development. In the cerebral cortex, pyramidal neurons use the excitatory neurotransmitter glutamate, whereas non‐pyramidal cells use the inhibitory neurotransmitter GABA. We are interested in how these two neuronal types are generated. We labelled precursor cells from embryonic rat cerebral cortex with a retroviral vector in dissociated cell cultures, and examined the neurotransmitter phenotype of their progeny immunohistochemically after 2 weeks in vitro. We discovered, first, that precursor cells in culture generate glutamatergic and GABAergic neurons in proportions similar to those in vivo. Second, we found that neuronal precursor cells gave rise to both GABAergic and glutamatergic neurons. These results suggest that neuronal precursor cells in the cerebral cortex have the potential to generate both neuronal subtypes. Moreover, these data are consistent with a stochastic model of neurotransmitter specification.
TASK EFFECTS 1 ERPs and Task Effects in the Auditory Processing of Gender Agreement and Semantics in

We investigated task effects on violation ERP responses to Noun-Adjective gender mismatches and lexical/conceptual semantic mismatches in a combined auditory/visual paradigm in French. Participants listened to sentences while viewing pictures of objects. This paradigm was designed to investigate language processing in special populations (e.g., children) who may not be able to read or to provide stable behavioral judgment data. Our main goal was to determine how ERP responses to our target violations might differ depending on whether participants performed a judgment task (Task) versus listening for comprehension (No-Task). Characterizing the influence of the presence versus absence of judgment tasks on violation ERP responses allows us to meaningfully interpret data obtained using this paradigm without a behavioral task and relate them to judgment-based paradigms in the ERP literature. We replicated previously observed ERP patterns for semantic and gender mismatches, and found that the task especially affected the later P600 component. Acknowledgments: We thank Nicolas Bourguignon, Alex Gascon, Véronique Lebel, Benoît Jutras, and Daniel Valois for their help and participation in various stages in the development and running of this experiment. Funding for this project came from the SSHRC (Royle et al, 410-2009-0256), the NSERC (Steinhauer, # RGPGP 312835 and # RGPIN 402678-11) as well as the Canada Research Chair program (Steinhauer, CRC/CFI; project # 201876). No funding agency had any controlling impact on this study.
Chrom(III) und Chrom(VI) in einer mit Gerbereischlamm belasteten Ackerfläche bei Weinheim

Diese Arbeit wurde durch die Schwermetallkartierung der Boden des Rhein-Neckar-Raumes angeregt, bei der erhohte Chromkonzentrationen in Acker- und Wiesenboden in der Umgebung von Weinheim festgestellt wurden. Als Ursache dafur sieht man das Ausbringen von chromhaltigem Gerbereischlamm aus der ortsansassigen Lederindustrie auf die Felder als erwiesen an. Vor allem in den 40er und 50er Jahren, als Stickstoffdunger knapp und teuer war, wurden diese eiweisreichen Abfallschlamme als Dungemittel eingesetzt. In dieser Arbeit wurde untersucht, unter welchen Bedingungen und in welchen Wertigkeitsstufen Chrom aus einer bestimmten, stark belasteten Ackerflache in Losung gehen kann und es wurde eine geeignete spezifische Nachweismethode fur Chrom und Chrom(VI) in diesen Losungen gefunden.
Aldoxime-Forming Microsomal Enzyme Systems Involved in the Biosynthesis of Glucosinolates in Oilseed Rape (Brassica napus) Leaves

Glucosinolates and cyanogenic glucosides are synthesized from amino acids via similar intermediates, N-hydroxyamino acids and aldoximes. Microsomal preparations from young green leaves of oilseed rape catalyze the NADPH-dependent metabolism of homo-phenylalanine and dihomomethionine to the respective aldoximes, precursors of 2-phenylethyl and 3-butenyl glucosinolates. Cytochrome P-450-type enzymes are not involved (in contrast to cyanogenic glucoside biosynthesis), because neither activity was affected by carbon monoxide or other cytochrome P-450 inhibitors. Copper ions and diethyl pyrocarbonate were potent inhibitors of the enzymes, and treatment of microsomes with detergents abolished the overall activity. Two distinct enzyme systems with similar properties appear to be involved, each specific for a particular substrate. One utilizes dihomomethionine and is not active with homophenylalanine or any other amino acid tested, and the other is specific for homophenylalanine. From the characteristics of these enzymes, it seems that these early steps in glucosinolate biosynthesis may be catalyzed by flavin-containing monooxygenases comparable to those found in mammalian tissues and elsewhere. The pathways for the biosynthesis of glucosinolates and cyanogenic glucosides have apparently evolved independently, despite the similar chemical conversions involved.
Performance optimization of dye-sensitized solar cells by multilayer gradient scattering architecture of TiO2 microspheres

TiO2 microspheres (TMSs) with unique hierarchical structure and unusual high specific surface area are synthesized and incorporated into a photoanode in various TMS multilayer gradient architectures to form novel photoanodes and dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs). Significant influences of these architectures on the photoelectric properties of DSSCs are obtained. The DSSC with the optimal TMS gradient-ascent architecture of M036 has the largest amounts of dye absorption, strongest light absorption, longest electron lifetime and lowest electron recombination, and thus exhibits the maximum short circuit current density (Jsc) of 16.49 mA cm−2 and photoelectric conversion efficiency (η) of 7.01%, notably higher than those of conventional DSSCs by 21% and 22%, respectively. These notable improvements in the properties of DSSCs can be attributed to the TMS gradient-ascent architecture of M036 which can most effectively increase dye absorption and localize incident light within the photoanode by the light scattering of TMSs, and thus utilize the incident light thoroughly. This study provides an optimized and universal configuration for the scattering microspheres incorporated in the hybrid photoanode, which can significantly improve the performance of DSSCs.
Differentiation of lactic streptococcal phages into phage species by DNA-DNA homology

Twenty-five lactic streptococcal bacteriophages were differentiated by DNA homology into four species. Complete correlation was found between DNA homology groups and morphological characteristics of the phages except that two phage types, which differed in only the presence or absence of a collar, were one species by DNA homology. These findings were supported by serological data and differences in DNA molecular weights of the proposed species. The complete lack of homology between these phage species indicates that they are unlikely to have a recent common phage ancestor and that one morphological type of phage has not been derived by mutation from a phage of another morphological type.
Genetic diversity and phylogeny of toxic cyanobacteria determined by DNA polymorphisms within the phycocyanin locus

Cyanobacteria are a highly diverse group in relation to form, function, and habitat. Current cyanobacterial systematics relies on the observation of minor and plastic morphological characters. Accurate and reliable delineation of toxic and bloom-forming strains of cyanobacteria has not been possible by traditional methods. We have designed general primers to the phycocyanin operon (cpc gene) and developed a PCR which allows the amplification of a region of this gene, including a variable intergenic spacer sequence. Because of the specificity of this PCR for cyanobacterial isolates, the assay is appropriate for the rapid and reliable identification of strains in freshwater samples. Successive restriction endonuclease digestion of this amplification product, with a total of nine enzymes, yielded many identifying DNA profiles specific to the various taxonomic levels of cyanobacteria. The restriction enzyme profiles for MspI, RsaI, and TaqI were conserved for strains within each of the eight genera (40 strains) studied and clearly discriminated among these genera. Intrageneric delineation of strains was revealed by the enzymes AluI, CfoI, and HaeIII for members of the genus Microcystis, while strains of genus Anabaena were differentiated by the digestion patterns provided by AluI, CfoI, and ScrFI. Phenetic and cladistic analyses of the data were used to infer the genetic relatedness and evolution of toxic and bloom-forming cyanobacteria.