Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
PMSS: Producer Mobility Support Scheme Optimization with RWP Mobility Model in Named Data Networking

Abstract: The movement pattern of mobile producer plays an important role in mobility performance analysis of the wireless and mobile network. However, the producer mobility behavior is directly affecting the handoff latency and signaling overhead cost. Many researchers provide analytical investigation to analyze and solve the handoff problems and compared with the simulation result. To justify between simulation and analytical investigation, movement behavior of mobile node needs to be included in the analytical investigation to make it possible to compare with the simulation-based result. This paper incorporated Random WayPoint Mobility (RWPM) model, to determine the behavior of mobile producer, for analytical solution of producer mobility support in NDN. In this paper, we introduce mobility Interest packets to conveyed new prefix or location of mobile producer, a broadcasting strategy to facilitate the handoff process and the immobile anchor router was modified to perform a dual function that is, tagging of anchors and broadcasting of tagged mobility Interest packets. The performance analysis for mobile producer behavior and handoff latency shows that our proposed Producer Mobility Support Scheme (PMSS) reduces handoff latency compared to DNS-like and Home Agent routing approach.
Impact of Biomaterials on Differentiation and Reprogramming Approaches for the Generation of Functional Cardiomyocytes

The irreversible loss of functional cardiomyocytes (CMs) after myocardial infarction (MI) represents one major barrier to heart regeneration and functional recovery. The combination of different cell sources and different biomaterials have been investigated to generate CMs by differentiation or reprogramming approaches although at low efficiency. This critical review article discusses the role of biomaterial platforms integrating biochemical instructive cues as a tool for the effective generation of functional CMs. The report firstly introduces MI and the main cardiac regenerative medicine strategies under investigation. Then, it describes the main stem cell populations and indirect and direct reprogramming approaches for cardiac regenerative medicine. A third section discusses the main techniques for the characterization of stem cell differentiation and fibroblast reprogramming into CMs. Another section describes the main biomaterials investigated for stem cell differentiation and fibroblast reprogramming into CMs. Finally, a critical analysis of the scientific literature is presented for an efficient generation of functional CMs. The authors underline the need for biomimetic, reproducible and scalable biomaterial platforms and their integration with external physical stimuli in controlled culture microenvironments for the generation of functional CMs.
Circadian rhythms and environmental disturbances – underexplored interactions

ABSTRACT Biological rhythms control the life of virtually all organisms, impacting numerous aspects ranging from subcellular processes to behaviour. Many studies have shown that changes in abiotic environmental conditions can disturb or entrain circadian (∼24 h) rhythms. These expected changes are so large that they could impose risks to the long-term viability of populations. Climate change is a major global stressor affecting the fitness of animals, partially because it challenges the adaptive associations between endogenous clocks and temperature – consequently, one can posit that a large-scale natural experiment on the plasticity of rhythm–temperature interactions is underway. Further risks are posed by chemical pollution and the depletion of oxygen levels in aquatic environments. Here, we focused our attention on fish, which are at heightened risk of being affected by human influence and are adapted to diverse environments showing predictable changes in light conditions, oxygen saturation and temperature. The examined literature to date suggests an abundance of mechanisms that can lead to interactions between responses to hypoxia, pollutants or pathogens and regulation of endogenous rhythms, but also reveals gaps in our understanding of the plasticity of endogenous rhythms in fish and in how these interactions may be disturbed by human influence and affect natural populations. Here, we summarize research on the molecular mechanisms behind environment–clock interactions as they relate to oxygen variability, temperature and responses to pollutants, and propose ways to address these interactions more conclusively in future studies. Summary: Human-induced changes in temperature, chemical discharge, eutrophication of water and the associated depletion of oxygen may disrupt the integration between circadian rhythms and other functions in animals. This possibility should be considered more thoroughly in studies addressing the environmental responses of animals.
Cytosolic Processing Governs TAP-Independent Presentation of a Critical Melanoma Antigen

Cancer immunotherapy has been flourishing in recent years with remarkable clinical success. But as more patients are treated, a shadow is emerging that has haunted other cancer therapies: tumors develop resistance. Resistance is often caused by defects in the MHC class I Ag presentation pathway critical for CD8 T cell–mediated tumor clearance. TAP and tapasin, both key players in the pathway, are frequently downregulated in human cancers, correlating with poor patient survival. Reduced dependence on these factors may promote vaccine efficiency by limiting immune evasion. In this study, we demonstrate that PMEL209–217, a promising phase 3 trial–tested antimelanoma vaccine candidate, is robustly presented by various TAP- and/or tapasin-deficient cell lines. This striking characteristic may underlie its potency as a vaccine. Surprisingly, cytosolic proteasomes generate the peptide even for TAP-independent presentation, whereas tripeptidyl peptidase 2 (TPP2) efficiently degrades the epitope. Consequently, inhibiting TPP2 substantially boosts PMEL209–217 presentation, suggesting a possible strategy to improve the therapeutic efficacy of the vaccine.
Cryptococcal meningitis epidemiology: 17 years of experience in a State of the Brazilian Pantanal.

INTRODUCTION This study aimed to describe cryptococcal meningitis (CM) cases and the associated demographic, clinical, and microbiological data obtained from cities in the State of Mato Grosso do Sul in the Midwestern region of Brazil. METHODS The data from 129 patients with laboratory-confirmed CM admitted from 1997 to 2014 were retrospectively reviewed. The molecular types of Cryptococcus neoformans and Cryptococcus gattii isolated from cerebrospinal fluid were analyzed to determine their geographic distribution. RESULTS The patients had a mean age of 37 years and consisted mostly of men (76.7%). Most of the Cryptococcus isolates were obtained from patients infected with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and included 105 (87.5%) and 5 (55.6%) isolates of C. neoformans and C. gattii complexes, respectively. A restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) analysis of URA5 revealed that most of the isolates were C. neoformans molecular type VNI (89.1%), whereas the molecular types VGII (7%) and VNII (3.9%) were observed less frequently. Notably, 65% of the cases with a time from symptom onset to laboratory diagnosis of more than 60 days resulted in fatalities, and sequelae were observed among the patients who survived. CONCLUSIONS The present study documents the occurrence of neurocryptococcosis, which is mainly caused by C. neoformans VNI, in Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil, with probable autochthonous cases in the Brazilian Pantanal, the world's largest tropical wetland, and a biome where cryptococcosis has not yet been explored.
WLDISR: Weighted Local Sparse Representation-Based Depth Image Super-Resolution for 3D Video System

In this paper, we propose a Weighted Local sparse representation based Depth Image Super-Resolution (WLDISR) schemes aiming at improving the Virtual View Image (VVI) quality of 3D video system. Different from color images, depth images are mainly used to provide geometrical information in synthesizing VVI. Due to the view synthesis characteristics difference between textural structures and smooth regions of depth images, we divide the depth images into edge and smooth patches and learn two local dictionaries, respectively. Meanwhile, the weight term is derived and incorporated explicitly in the cost function to denote different importance of edge structures and smooth regions to the VVI quality. Then, local sparse representation and weighted sparse representation are jointly used in both dictionary learning and reconstruction phases in depth image super-resolution. Based on different optimizations on learning and reconstruction modules, three WLDISR schemes, WLDISR-D, WLDISR-R, and WLDISR-ALL, are proposed. Experimental results on 3D sequences demonstrate that the proposed WLDISR-D, WLDISR-R, and WLDISR-ALL schemes can achieve more than 1.9-, 2.03-, and 2.16-dB gains on average, respectively, in terms of the VVIs’ quality, as compared with the state-of-the-art schemes. In addition, the visual quality of VVIs is also improved.
Commits as a basis for API misuse detection

Programmers frequently make use of APIs. However, these usages can result in unintended, negative behavior, when developers are not aware of the correct usage or side effects of that API. Detecting those API misuses by means of automatic testing is challenging, as many test suites do not cover this unintended behavior. Instead, API usage patterns are used as specifications to verify the correctness of applications. However, to find meaningful patterns, i.e., those capable of fixing the misuse, the context of the misuse must be considered. Since the developer usually does not know which API is misused, a much larger code section has to be verified against many potential patterns. In this paper, we present a new idea to enhance API misuse detection by means of commits. We discuss the potential of using commits (1) to decrease the size of the code to be considered, (2) to identify suspicious commits, and (3) to contain API usages which can be used to shepherd API specification mining. This paper shows first results on the usability of commits for API misuse detection and some insights into what makes a commit suspicious in terms of exhibiting potential API misuses.
S-gram: Towards Semantic-Aware Security Auditing for Ethereum Smart Contracts

Smart contracts, as a promising and powerful application on the Ethereum blockchain, have been growing rapidly in the past few years. Since they are highly vulnerable to different forms of attacks, their security becomes a top priority. However, existing security auditing techniques are either limited in finding vulnerabilities (rely on pre-defined bug patterns) or very expensive (rely on program analysis), thus are insufficient for Ethereum. To mitigate these limitations, we proposed a novel semantic-aware security auditing technique called S-GRAM for Ethereum. The key insight is a combination of N-gram language modeling and lightweight static semantic labeling, which can learn statistical regularities of contract tokens and capture high-level semantics as well (e.g., flow sensitivity of a transaction). S-GRAM can be used to predict potential vulnerabilities by identifying irregular token sequences and optimize existing in-depth analyzers (e.g., symbolic execution engines, fuzzers etc.). We have implemented S-GRAM for Solidity smart contracts in Ethereum. The evaluation demonstrated the potential of S-GRAM in identifying possible security issues.
What Does the Future Hold for Yellow Fever Virus? (II)

As revealed by the recent resurgence of yellow fever virus (YFV) activity in the tropical regions of Africa and South America, YFV control measures need urgent rethinking. Over the last decade, most reported outbreaks occurred in, or eventually reached, areas with low vaccination coverage but that are suitable for virus transmission, with an unprecedented risk of expansion to densely populated territories in Africa, South America and Asia. As reflected in the World Health Organization’s initiative launched in 2017, it is high time to strengthen epidemiological surveillance to monitor accurately viral dissemination, and redefine vaccination recommendation areas. Vector-control and immunisation measures need to be adapted and vaccine manufacturing must be reconciled with an increasing demand. We will have to face more yellow fever (YF) cases in the upcoming years. Hence, improving disease management through the development of efficient treatments will prove most beneficial. Undoubtedly, these developments will require in-depth descriptions of YFV biology at molecular, physiological and ecological levels. This second section of a two-part review describes the current state of knowledge and gaps regarding the molecular biology of YFV, along with an overview of the tools that can be used to manage the disease at the individual, local and global levels.
A 1-year follow-up study of capacity to love and work: What components of borderline personality disorder most impair interpersonal and vocational functioning?

BACKGROUND For individuals with borderline personality disorder (BPD), both the reduction in symptoms and the improvement of vocational and interpersonal function (psychosocial function) are important for recovery. Research suggests that some components of BPD make it harder to achieve functional recovery; however, findings are varied and inconclusive. The present study assesses recovery over time in BPD, investigates which symptoms make it harder to function and explores the relationships between these symptoms. METHOD One hundred ninety-nine consecutively recruited individuals in psychological treatment for personality disorder were studied over 12 months. Measures of BPD symptom severity at intake were used to predict improvements in social and vocational function at follow-up. Exploratory modelling was conducted to understand the relationships between symptoms and function. RESULTS Following 12 months of treatment, symptoms and functioning improved. Those who experienced more severe emptiness, impulsivity and self-harm had worse outcomes. A relationship between chronic emptiness at intake and impaired vocational outcome (days out of work) at follow-up was found, mediated by severity of impulsivity and frequency of self-harm. CONCLUSION Chronic emptiness is associated with dysfunctional behaviours such as impulsivity and self-harm, and poor psychosocial improvement. Interventions targeting chronic emptiness in those most vulnerable may improve functional outcomes. © 2018 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Peritoneal dialysis related fungal peritonitis caused by Candida krusei: The first reported case

A 61-year-old non-Indigenous male was commenced on intraperitoneal vancomycin and gentamicin for CAPD peritonitis. Culture of dialysate was positive for Bacillus sp. Given its uncommon association with CAPD peritonitis, it was initially considered a contaminant. Due to adequate clinical response, he was discharged to complete intraperitoneal vancomycin. The patient represented 4 weeks after completion of antibiotics with a relapse. Culture was positive again for Bacillus cereus/thuringiensis. He was resumed on vancomycin but as the bags remained cloudy, the Tenckhoff catheter was removed and switched to intravenous meropenem. He responded well and is currently on maintenance haemodialysis.
Image Enhancement Based on Fourier Transform for Face Recognition with Single Training Sample

Face recognition with single training sample is a challenging problem since there is very limited information from training sample set to predict the facial variations of test sample. In order to enhance the classification information of the single training sample, in this paper, each original training sample is combined with its reconstructed image using only a few dominant low-frequency Fourier coefficients into an enhanced version of the sample. The recognition is performed on a uniform eigen-space that is obtained from SVD of the mean image of the enhanced samples set and the coefficient matrix is used as feature for recognition. Experimental results on ORL face database show that our proposed method of sample enhancement improves recognition accuracy as well as speed.
Costs of streamlined HIV care delivery in rural Ugandan and Kenyan clinics in the SEARCH Studys

Objectives/design: As antiretroviral therapy (ART) rapidly expands in sub-Saharan Africa using new efficient care models, data on costs of these approaches are lacking. We examined costs of a streamlined HIV care delivery model within a large HIV test-and-treat study in Uganda and Kenya. Methods: We calculated observed per-person-per-year (ppy) costs of streamlined care in 17 health facilities in SEARCH Study intervention communities (NCT: 01864603) via micro-costing techniques, time-and-motion studies, staff interviews, and administrative records. Cost categories included salaries, ART, viral load testing, recurring goods/services, and fixed capital/facility costs. We then modeled costs under three increasingly efficient scale-up scenarios: lowest-cost ART, centralized viral load testing, and governmental healthcare worker salaries. We assessed the relationship between community-specific ART delivery costs, retention in care, and viral suppression. Results: Estimated streamlined HIV care delivery costs were $291/ppy. ART ($117/ppy for TDF/3TC/EFV [40%]) and viral load testing ($110/ppy for 2 tests/year [39%]) dominated costs versus salaries ($51/ppy), recurring costs ($5/ppy), and fixed costs ($7/ppy). Optimized ART scale-up with lowest-cost ART ($100/ppy), annual viral load testing ($24/ppy), and governmental healthcare salaries ($27/ppy), lowered streamlined care cost to $163/ppy. We found clinic-to-clinic heterogeneity in retention and viral suppression levels versus streamlined care delivery costs, but no correlation between cost and either retention or viral suppression. Conclusions: In the SEARCH Study, streamlined HIV care delivery costs were similar to or lower than prior estimates despite including viral load testing; further optimizations could substantially reduce costs further. These data can inform global strategies for financing ART expansion to achieve UNAIDS 90–90–90 targets.
Pleiotropic functions of miR107 in cancer networks

MicroRNAs are short regulatory RNAs that posttranscriptionally modulate gene expression and thus play crucial roles in controlling cancer-onset, growth, and progression processes. miR107, a highly conserved microRNA that maps to intron 5 of the PANK1 gene, contributes to the regulation of normal and tumor biological processes. Studies have reported that miR107 has oncogenic or tumor-suppressor functions in different human tumors. The pleiotropic functions of miR107 in various cancers are achieved via its targeting different genes that are involved in tumor proliferation, invasiveness, metastasis, angiogenesis, and chemotherapy-response pathways. The carcinogenicity or cancer-suppressor effects of miR107 occur in a tissue- and cell-specific manner, and the expression level of miR107 can be affected by various factors, including epigenetic and genetic factors, treatment exposure, and daily diet. A comprehensive analysis of the current literature suggests that miR107 functions as a central element in the regulation of cancer networks and can be used as a potential diagnostic and prognostic biomarker and drug target for therapeutic intervention.
CT & MRI Evaluation of Orbital Masses

A variety of space-occupying lesions may involve the orbit (1) and can present with a wide variety of symptoms. If they are not diagnosed early and treated immediately they can lead to loss of vision and disability. Therefore accurate diagnosis is necessary which will help in directing the therapy. CT and MRI are the commonly used modalities. Nowadays MRI is the most commonly used modality for orbital tumor diagnosis unless there is a contraindication. Objectives 1. To study the demographic profile of patients with orbital tumors. 2. To assess the distribution, features, localization and extent of orbital tumors by MRI. 3. To access the nature (benign / malignant) of tumor. 4. To correlate the tissue characterization by MRI with that of histopathological examination. Materials and Methods 1. A prospective study was conducted in the departments of Radiodiagnosis, Ophthalmology, Neurosurgery, and Pathology at SCBMCH, Cuttack from March 2017 to September 2018. 2. 51 patients diagnosed as having orbital tumors by clinical examination and MRI were followed till post surgery discharge or HP result. Results: Out of 51 patients with orbital tumors, 23 patients (45.1%) were males and females made up around 54.9% (28 patients). Around 17.6% of the patients were in the pediatric age group and the rest were adults. Our study showed that extraconal tumors 29/51(56.9%) were the commonest, followed by intraconal tumors 14/51(27.5%) and ocular tumors 8/51(15.7%). Proptosis was the commonest symptom followed by swelling in the orbit. Overall, hemangiomas and lymphomas were the commonest orbital tumors accounting for 11.8% of the tumors each. Other tumors in decreasing order of frequency were meningiomas 5/52(9.8%), pseudotumor 5/51(9.8%), metastasis 5/51(9.8%), glioma 4/51(7.8%), adenoid cystic carcinoma 4/51 (7.8%), pleomorphic adenoma 3/51 (5.9%), two (3.9%) each of schwannoma, dermoid cyst, rhabdomyosarcoma, retinoblastoma, choroid melanoma, and one (1.9%) each of extranodalRosaiDorfmann disease, fibrous dysplasia, venous malformation. Lymphoma was the commonest extraconal tumor accounting for 20.7% of the extraconal tumors. Hemangioma was the commonest intraconal tumor accounting for 42.8% of them. Metastases were the commonest ocular tumor accounting for 62.5% of them. Out of 51 cases, MRI diagnosed 40 cases correctly. Out of the 11 wrongly diagnosed cases, 9 were extraconal, 2 were intraconal in location. Overall, MRI was able to correctly diagnose 78.43% of the orbital tumors. MRI was able to correctly diagnose 69% of the extraconal tumors, 85.7% of the intraconal tumors, and 100% of the ocular tumors. Ability of MRI to detect malignancy was as follows: sensitivity 85.7% specificity 80%, PPV 75%, NPV 88.89% with an accuracy of 82.35%. www.jmscr. igmpublication.org Impact Factor (SJIF): 6.379 Index Copernicus Value: 79.54 ISSN (e)-2347-176x ISSN (p) 2455-0450 DOI: https://dx.doi. org/10.18535/jmscr/v6i9.140