Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Incidence of Retinopathy of Prematurity and Its Association with Oxygen Therapy in Preterm Low Birth Weight Babies

Introduction: The objectives of this study were to study the incidence and risk factors of retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) among preterm low birth weight babies and its association with oxygen therapy. Material and Methods: During one year study period, 50 neonates, who had fulfilled the inclusion criteria (born at gestational age ≤ 35 wks), were included in the present study. They were examined by indirect ophthalmoscopy by an ophthalmologist in NICU or ophthalmology outdoor. Staging of ROP was done according to the International classification. Data obtained from this study were entered in Microsoft Excel and subsequently analysed in SPSS version 20.0. Results: Among study population, 12 neonates (24%) showed evidence of retinopathy of prematurity, and Stage 2 ROP was most common (41.7%) within this group. Those neonates who had born ≤28 wks gestational age, showed more incidence (75%) of ROP. There was significant association between ROP and prematurity, low birth weight, mechanical ventilation, duration and concentration of oxygen therapy. Conclusion: Apart from prematurity and low birth weight, oxygen therapy also carries significant risk for ROP. Thus, judicious use of oxygen in premature babies can reduce incidence of ROP significantly. J Nepal Paediatr Soc 2015;35(3):247-252
The Cybergypsies: A True Tale of Lust, War, and Betrayal on the Electronic Frontier

From the Publisher: Naked Lunch meets Confessions of an Opium Eater in the virtual world: A mesmerizing first-person account. Whatever you have heard, read, or fantasized about the Internet, the truth is stranger, funnier, more horrifying. Along the invisible pathways of the technonight wanders a strange tribe undetected by the millions of everyday net users. Some cybergypsies are geeks, technoanarchists who swap computer viruses like baseball cards. But most are seemingly ordinary people, bankers, lawyers, police officers, who at night assume strange identities and engage in weird mind-twisting games, getting their thrills from virtual sex, violence, and even cannibalism. Games leak into their real lives, often with disastrous results. The Cybergypsies is the story of "Bear," an advertising writer with a wife, children, and a rambling house in the English countryside, who's about to sacrifice everything to his addiction. Bear's real and imaginary lives fuse in a series of bizarre (and often hilarious) adventures. Phantasmagoric tragedies are woven into the dark patterns of his life, building to a personal moral crisis. As the net closes in on him, Bear makes one last desperate attempt to save his marriage. Two centuries ago, Thomas de Quincey's Confessions of an English Opium Eater exposed the fantastic world of the opium addict. The Cybergypsies does the same for the virtual world of the cyber addict. On a continuum from William Burroughs and William Gibson, Bear's odyssey takes us into an intoxicating world--alternately terrrifying and ridiculous--where reality and imagination are indistinguishable. It is at once technopuzzle, confession, and strikingly original literary debut.
FPGA Implementation Content Addressable Memory in Cache Applications

Content Addressable Memory (CAM) is a special type of high speed memory device that can support to compare all the stored data in parallel with a given input data in an efficient way and provide the address of the match data. Read, write, and match are three characteristics of a CAM memory. Read and write are operation of a CAM array in the same way as simple memory. Match mode is the unique operation of the CAM memory. CAM is frequently used in high speed searching operation such as lookup tables, communication networks, pattern recognition, data compression and real signal tracking. The match time of CAM structure is faster and employs better performance than other types of memory. Advancements in VLSI technology FPGAs have high throughput and short time to market make it most attractive in hardware industry. This paper design CAM cell in addition with dual port Synchronous Static Random Access Memory (SSRAM) in cache memory. Hardware realization of this proposed architecture is described using Hardware Description Language (HDL). The operation speed of this proposed module is 306.184MHz in Spartan-6 FPGA platform.
Data Hiding Through Media Audio

Audio watermarking can use with various ways. Firstly, it have used for proving of ownership, production of information, copyright information in a form of a watermark, and it have routed directly in the recording. Specific owners have different insertion information. It can also be used for controlling access, watermark becomes a trigger to play music. Keeping track of unauthorized copies is a very important application. Personal information have inserted into the music. It used as numbers for customers to discover music.
Diagnosing photovoltaic systems: an iterative process

This paper presents the principles of a fault diagnosis system for photovoltaic plants that makes it possible iterative diagnosis processes. It proposes a solution for auto generating tests from models and consecutive measurements. Moreover, it is shown that overall possible diagnoses may be compute from the symptoms coming from the generated tests. The operation principles are detailed and technological aspects for implementation are discussed. Thanks to these diagnosis systems, maintenance operators just have to depict the photovoltaic plant and to introduce iteratively the measurements they do. The system to be diagnosed is transformed into a MILP Problem (Mixed Integer Linear Programming) and a GLPK solver is used to find out all the possible diagnoses.
Multiple Sequence Alignment Using External Sources Of Information

Multiple sequence alignment is an alignment of three or more protein or nucleic acid sequences. The alignment area has always been of much interest for researchers, this is due to that fact that many scientifi c researchs depend in their workflow on sequence alignments. Thus, having an alignment of high quality is of high importance. Much work has been done and is still carried in this field to help improving the quality of alignments. Many approaches have been developed so far for performing pairwise and multiple sequence alignments, yet, most of those approaches rely basically on the sequences to be aligned as their only input. Recently, some approaches began to incorporate additional sources of information in the alignment process, the sources of external data can come from user knowledge or online databases. This data, when integrated in the workflow of the alignment programs, may add new constraints to the produced alignment and improve its quality by making it biologically more meaningful. In this thesis, I will introduce new approaches for multiple sequence alignment which use the alignment software DIALIGN along with external information from databases, where useful information is extracted and then integrated in the alignment process. By testing those approaches on benchmark databases, I will show that using additional data during alignment produced better results than using DIALIGN alone without any external input other than the sequences to be aligned.
Cytotoxic Tobacco Smoke in The Cornea of Wistar Rats Fed Turmeric (Curcuma Domestica Val.) Extract

Abstract An increasing number of smokers who tend to rise rapidly from year to year has become a major focus of public health issues. Exposure to environmental tobacco smoke, containing toxic chemicals can trigger acute or chronic inflammation and oxidative stress in the eyes. To overcome this condition, phytotherapeutic and/or phytopreventive approaches which are efficatious, safe and cheap is needed. One of spices from Indonesia which is greatly possible to be promoted as a herbal medicine, is a phytochemical curcumin in turmeric. This present study was conducted to identify and determine the effects of turmeric extract (Curcuma domestica Val.) as phytotherapeutic and/or phytopreventive in the eyes lesion of Wistar rats induced by cigarette smokes. Twenty male Wistar rats at 3 months old were divided randomly into four groups of five each. Those were the control group (KI), the group given 9 cigarettes smoke/day (K II), the group given turmeric extract 1 ml 0, 25% /day (K III) and the group given 9 cigarettes smoke/day and 0, 25% turmeric extract 1 ml /day (K IV) for 60 days. Water and feed was given ad libitum. At the end of the experiment, all rats were euthanized with ether, necropsied andeyes balls were collected, fixed formalin 10% and stained with routine hematoxylin-eosin. The results of the present study indicated that 9 cigarettes smoke/day increased mitotic activity and caused hyperplasia in the corneal epithelial cells (K II), and addition of turmeric extract 0, 25% 1 ml per oral for 60 days prevented both mitotic activity and hyperplasia in the corneal epithelial cells (K IV). Extract of turmeric (Curcuma domestica Val.) has been proved to have herbal therapeutic and/or preventive effects againts the pathotoxicological cigarette smokes. Further study needs to be done to more evaluate pathogenesis of the eyes lesions and phytotherapeutic and/or phytopreventive effects of turmeric extract as well.
FAILURE ANALYSIS OF MAXILLARY AND MANDIBULAR BONDED SPIRAL WIRE RETAINERS

Background: Most of the orthodontic cases require a long period of retention which is usually carried out with the help of fixed retainers (FR). One of the downsides of FR is that these are prone to breakages. The aim of the present study was to identify the frequency and factors associated with failure of fixed spiral wire retainers. Methods: A retrospective crosssectional study was conducted using orthodontic files and dental casts of 126 patients from dental clinics of a tertiary care hospital. Descriptive statistics were applied to calculate the frequency and most common site of breakages. Chi-square test was applied to compare the frequency of breakages among age groups and different retainer spans. Independent sample ttest was used to compare the mean overbite in retainer breakage and retainer intact groups. A p-value ≤0.05 was considered as statistically significant. Results: The frequency of retainer breakage was found to be 53.1%. Maxillary retainer breakages were found in 41.3% subjects whereas mandibular retainer failed in 22.2% subjects. The mean survival time of retainer was 8.91±4.57 months. The detachment of the retainer from the tooth surface was the most common occurrence (86%). The most common site of retainer breakage was maxillary canine (32.5%) and mandibular central incisor (12.7%). All the subjects who had retainers extending till maxillary molars encountered breakages. Conclusions: A longer retainer span is associated with a greater risk of breakage. Failure rate in the maxillary arch was higher than the mandibular arch. The most common sites were the maxillary canine and mandibular central incisor. The most common pattern was wire detachment.
Evaluation of the Specificity of the γ-Interferon Test in Italian Bovine Tuberculosis-free Herds

Abstract We investigated the specificity of the γ-interferon test for bovine tuberculosis (TB) in 1557 cattle in 30 paratuberculosis-free and officially certified TB-free dairy herds, located in three provinces of the Lombardy Region in Northern Italy. The TB-free status of the herds under examination was further confirmed by the tuberculin skin test, by an antibody assay and by post mortem examination of animals culled from the herds during the study period. The specificity of the γ-interferon tests after a single test and a double sampling scheme were 88.8% and 95.4%, respectively. After a single test, 11.7% of dubious reactors were also detected, while most cattle (47.4%) were shown to be avian reactors, probably due to contamination from infected birds and/or forage. There was strong evidence that the specificity of the test could be related to the animals’ interaction with environmental mycobacteria and/or ageing. To reduce the percentage of non-specific bovine reactors under alleged TB-free conditions, test procedures might involve the use of more specific antigens and/or different reaction thresholds.
Identifikasi Morfometrik Sperma Domba Lokal sebagai Dasar Aplikasi Sexing Sperma

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi ukuran-ukuran sperma berdasarkan metode morfometrik sebagai dasar aplikasi sexing sperma pada Domba Lokal. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan menggunakan 20 ekor Domba Lokal yang ditampung semennya dan dibuat preparat differensial. Pengamatan morfometrik sperma dilakukan di bawah mikroskop pembesaran 10x40 menggunakan aplikasi DP2BSW. Parameter yang diamati meliputi ukuran panjang, lebar dan luas kepala sperma serta panjang ekor sperma. Pengukuran dilakukan terhadap 70 sd 200 sel sperma untuk setiap parameter. Data yang diperoleh dihitung nilai minimum, maksimum dan standar deviasi dari setiap parameter. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kepala sperma memiliki rataan panjang minimum 6,85±0,40 μm dan maksimum 10,27± 0,51μm; rataan lebar kepala sperma minimum 3,76±0,43 μm dan maksimum 6,71±0,43 μm; rataan luas kepala sperma minimum 23,28±2,90 μm 2 dan maksimum 59,30±4,33 μm 2 ; rataan panjang ekor sperma minimum 36,74±6,73 μm dan maksimum 69,53±3,42 μm. Berdasarkan hasil-hasil pengukuran tersebut, diketahui bahwa sperma Domba Lokal memiliki ukuran minimum dan maksimum yang selanjutnya dapat diidentifikasi sperma pembawa kromosom X dan Y serta proporsinya. Disimpulkan bahwa hasil morfometrik sperma Domba Lokal dapat dijadikan dasar untuk sexing sperma pada Domba Lokal. Kata kunci: panjang, lebar, luas kepala sperma, panjang ekor
Wiki-mediated Writing: design, media, writing strategies and feedback in online text production

Bringing social media arenas, such as wikis, into the classroom invites teaching approaches that engage students in authentic, participatory and creative writing processes. This case study examines the online text production of primary school students in a wiki environment and how the key functionalities for commentary, discussion, logging skills of text and multimodal expression are utilized in practice to develop writing. Exploring the design of assignments and analysing the nature of final texts, writing strategies and feedback reveals an iterative process of writing dominated by strategies of expanding texts with new information and occasional surface editing. The students composed individual narratives on selected themes augmented by drawings, images, speaking avatars and video clips. Feedback was mainly provided by the teachers in the form of encouraging comments and corrective revisions directly in the students’ texts. Peer response was rare, in one project taking the form of discussion posts. Revising indicating increased language awareness was observed among second language learners. Overall, the study demonstrates a tension between instructional design, the affordances of the writing arena and the space for creativity when engaging students in advanced, participatory and reflective composing and revising of texts.
The robotics review 1

Part 1 Programming, planning, and learning: articles - motion planning in the presence of moving obstacles, Jean-Claude Latombe, minimal length curves and optimal paths, Jean-Daniel Boissonat, task level robot programming - on the HANDEY system, Jocelyne Pertin-Troccaz reviews - robot motion planning, Jean-Claude Latombe, John Canny, planar sliding with dry friction, Suresh Goyal, et al. Part 2 Sensing and perception: articles - touch sensing for robotic manipulation and recognition, Robert D. Howe and Mark R. Cutkosky, sensor planning for robotic vision - a review, Konstantinos (Dino) Tarabanis and Rober Y. Tsai, solving for 3-D model parameters from the locations of image features, David Lowe, modeling sonar sensors, Hugh F. Durrant-Whyte and John J. Leonard reviews - authenticating edges produced by zero-crossing algorithms, James J. Clark and Harlyn Baker a few steps toward artificial 3-D vision, Olivier D. Faugeras, W. Eric L. Grimson. Part 3 Kinematics and dynamics: articles - wrist singularities - theory and practice, Charles Wampler reviews - kinematic analysis and design of redundant manipulators, Joel W. Burdick and Vincent Hayward, singular configurations of parallel manipulators and Grassman geometry, Jean-Pierre Merlet and Jorge Angeles, a spatial operator algebra for manipulator modeling and control, G. Rodriquez, et al on the inverse kinematics of redundant manipulators, Daniel R. Baker, et al duality in mechanical properties of sequential and parallel manipulators, Vladimir Zamanov, et al. Part 4 Motion and force control: articles - time-optimal motions of robot manipulators including dynamics, Marc Renaud and J. Yves Fourquet, the state of the art of robot learning control using artificial neural networks - an overview, V.D. Sanchez A. and G. Hirzinger reviews - the application of model-referenced adaptive control to robotic manipulators, S. Dubowsky, et al is adaptive control necessary for manipulation robots, and if so, to what extent? , D. Stokic, et al. Part 5 Design, technology, and applications: articles - a comparative analysis of actuator technologies for robotics, John M. Hollerback, et al, microrobotics - shifting robotics technology toward a different scale world, Paolo Dario and Renzo Valleggi reviews - robotics in service, Joseph F. Engelberger and Russell H. Taylor.
Performance of Wavelet OFDM in Underground Coal Mine PLCs

In this paper, the channel of the underground coal mine (UCM) PLCs is analysis, which indicates the UCM PLCs is more complex than home PLCs and this channel can be described with multipath characteristics and strong noise interference characteristics. Accurate modulation should be adopted. Conventional OFDM and Wavelet OFDM are compared by focusing on two important aspects: transmission efficiency and spectral leakage. It will be shown that, for the case of the UCM power line channel, wavelet OFDM offers substantial advantages over conventional OFDM. Wavelet OFDM is proposed to use in UCM PLCs.
Test Scoring and Analysis Using SAS(R)

Develop your own multiple-choice tests, score students, produce student rosters (in print form or Excel), and explore item response theory (IRT). Aimed at nonstatisticians working in education or training, Test Scoring and Analysis Using SAS describes item analysis and test reliability in easy-to-understand terms, and teaches you SAS programming to score tests, perform item analysis, and estimate reliability. Maximizing flexibility, the scoring and analysis programs enable you to analyze tests with multiple versions, define alternate correct responses for selected items, and repeat the scoring with selected items deleted. You will be guided step-by-step on how to design multiple-choice items, use analysis to improve your tests, and even detect cheating on students submitted multiple-choice tests. Other subjects addressed include reading in data from a variety of sources (text files and Excel workbooks, for example), detecting errors in the input data, and producing class rosters in printed form or Excel workbooks. Also included is a chapter on IRTwidely used in education to calibrate and evaluate items in tests in education such as the SAT and GREwith instructions for running the new SAS procedure PROC IRT. This book is part of the SAS Press program.
PRIOR USE OF DIAZEPAM CONFERS SOME PROTECTION AGAINST CHRONIC NOISE-STRESS INDUCED CHANGES OCCURRED IN THE CELLS OF ADENOHYPOPHYSES OF ALBINO RATS

Objective: Aim of this study was to determine the effects of Diazepam on the rate of proliferation in corticotrophs of adenohypophysis which occurs in response to noise stress. Also the effect of the above mentioned drug on plasma ACTH and serum Corticosterone levels was investigated. Method: Male Albino rats of Brooklyn strain were used in this experimental study. The animals were divided into Groups A, B and C. Group A served as control, Group B animals got exposed to loud noise of 100 dB 4-6 hrs daily for 30 days while, the animals of Group C had been injected with Diazepam (5mg/kg of body weight) intraperitoneally 30 minutes prior to the induction of noise-stress. At the end of the 30 days animals were decapitated, pituitary glands were dissected out for processing and sectioning and blood samples were collected for hormonal analysis. Results: The results indicated that prior treatment with Diazepam reduces the rate of cell (Corticotroph) proliferation with in the adenohypophysis to some extent. The results also suggest that pretreatment with Diazepam leads to stress hormones levels much close to the normal levels even during highly stressful conditions.
The journey to animal welfare improvement

The process of driving improvement in animal welfare has three stages: 1) assessment of animal welfare, 2) identification of the risk factors potentially leading to a compromise in animal welfare, and 3) interventions, in response to the risk factors, to bring about improvement in animal welfare. This process is applicable to animals farmed in commercial situations and for individual animals kept or worked in isolated environments. An impressive weight of knowledge has accumulated in the science of animal welfare assessment and this needs to be counterbalanced by development of mechanisms to actively improve welfare. In the case of animal welfare, interventions have to motivate the animal owner or carer to make changes to their own behaviour on behalf of a third party; the animal. This is a different situation from that described in the human health literature where interventions encourage people to take steps to improve their own well-being, thus benefiting themselves directly. The development of strategies to improve animal welfare require a multi-disciplinary approach including social scientists, psychologists and economists, however, the skills of animal welfare scientists are essential to ensure that interventions truly achieve improvements in animal welfare.
Measuring the effects of drugs on single cancer cell growth

Understanding the effectiveness of a drug therapy on halting disease progression is an essential aspect of cancer biology. Conventional assays that study cell behavior after a drug intervention report the average response of a cell population which can mask the heterogeneity and dynamics of seemingly identical cells. Recently, many single-cell techniques have been developed, but there are currently no methods that can fully characterize the long-term effects of drug treatment on cancer cell growth. To accomplish such, we developed an instrument to measure single-cell growth before and after drug treatment. In order to achieve femtogram-level mass resolution, we employed the suspended microchannel resonator (SMR), a vacuum-packaged cantilever with an embedded channel. Here, we describe three implementations that involve different technologies (optical trap, mechanical trap, and dynamic flow trapping) to capture a cell for repeated measurements and to perform drug delivery. Applying the technique we developed based on the dynamic flow trapping, we were able to monitor one or more generations of a cancer cell before and after drug treatment. We investigated the growth of mouse leukemia cells in response to drugs that inhibit the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) pathway, induce apoptosis, or prevent translational activity directly at the ribosome. Our method was able to discern a particular growth signature for each drug investigated and to discover a new phenotype in cells following mTOR inhibition. Furthermore, our data demonstrates that the instantaneous growth rate changes following a drug treatment could potentially predict the long-term inhibitory effect on cellular biogenesis and mass accumulation. Thesis Supervisor: Scott R. Manalis Title: Professor of Biological and Mechanical Engineering