Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Sequence-Directed DNA Curvature in Replication Origins Segments

DNA replication is an essential cellular process for the propagation of life. Prokaryotic cells are examples of organisms that display a fast and precise replication process (Robinson & Bell, 2005; Wang & Sugden, 2005). Although the consensus nucleotide sequence in the bacterial replication origin exhibits variation in number and size between different bacterial species (DoriC, a database of the oriC region in bacterial genomes; Gimenes et al., 2008a), it is capable of directing the association of specific proteins in the initiator chromosomal site and thereby the success of the replicative process in eubacteria (reviewed in Mott & Berger, 2007). However, the identification of hundreds to thousands of replication initiation sites in eukaryotes is more complex than locating clearly defined sites with stretches of consensus sequences, as observed in prokaryotes. While complexity exists, some parallels can be drawn between prokaryotic and eukaryotic systems. Less derived eukaryotes, such as the unicellular yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae, exhibit similar replicative processes to prokaryotes. Replication initiation sites have approximately 120-200 base pairs (bp), termed ARS (Autonomously Replicating Sequences). Although there is sequence diversity among the ARS sites, these sites present a short consensus sequence of 10-11 bp that is rich in A/T residues and called the ACS (ARS Consensus Sequence) and a more divergent motif known as domain B (review in Bell & Dutta, 2002). Although not all of ARS sites are efficiently used, it has been shown that they can be initiate replication if necessary (Sharma et al., 2001). However, S. cerevisiae and closely related species appear to be the only eukaryotic organisms that present consensus elements in their replication initiation sites. Schizosaccharomyces pombe has initiation replication sequences from 600 to 800 bp, which display numerous A/Trich regions, but these replication initiation sites in S. pombe have a low level of similarity to the ARS of S. cerevisiae, and we have not been able to identify a consensus sequence within this region (Dubey et al., 1996; Zhu et al., 1994). The presence of conserved sequences in S. cerevisiae was important for the isolation of the origin recognition complex (ORC; Bell & Stillman, 1992). The existence of this complex revealed that eukaryotes depend on the binding of specific proteins to identify and activate specific genomic regions to initiate replication. The ORC complex, which is composed of six closely related proteins, Orc1-6, is conserved through evolution and has been identified in all analyzed eukaryotic cells (reviewed in Bell, 2002). Before replication begins, numerous other
MAGNETIC REMANENCE IN THE WESTERN ATLANTIC SPINY LOBSTER, PANULIRUS ARGUS

SUMMARY The magnetic characteristics of 15 western Atlantic spiny lobsters (Panulirus argus) were analysed with a superconducting cryogenic magnetometer. Each specimen possessed a significant natural remanent magnetization (NRM) and isothermal remanent magnetization (IRM), indicating that ferromagnetic material is present. Analyses of the distribution of total remanence and mass-specific remanence indicate that magnetic material is concentrated in the cephalothorax, particularly in tissue associated with the fused thoracic ganglia. Mass-specific remanence and the total quantity of magnetic material in the cephalothorax and abdomen both increase as functions of carapace length. The NRM is significantly orientated in at least four regions of the body. The NRM of the left half of the posterior cephalothorax is directed posteriorly, while that of the right half is orientated anteriorly. In addition, the NRM of the middle cephalothorax is orientated toward the right side of the animal; the NRM of the telson-uropods region is directed toward the left. The functional significance of these regions of orientated remanence is not known, but such a pattern could result from the ordered alignment of permanently magnetic particles comprising a magnetoreceptor system.
Psychosocial consequences of dental fear and anxiety.

OBJECTIVES The aim of this study was to examine the negative psychosocial impacts of dental anxiety in a sample of dentally fearful and anxious individuals recruited from the general population. The associations between psychosocial impacts, dental anxiety scale (DAS) scores and other severe fears were explored. METHODS One hundred and thirty-five subjects who were anxious or fearful about dental treatment were divided into low and high general fear groups based on the number of other severe fears they reported. Negative psychosocial impacts were assessed using a modified form of the scale developed by Kent et al. (1996). This consisted of three dimensions: psychological reactions, social relationships and avoidance/inhibition. Other measures included self-ratings of oral, general and emotional health and scales to assess self-esteem and morale. RESULTS Overall, 93.1% of subjects reported one or more impacts. Those in the high-fear group had higher psychosocial impact scores than those in the low-fear group (means of 4.19 vs. 2.85; P < 0.05). Differences were most marked with respect to psychological consequences and avoidance/inhibition. The high-fear group had scores indicative of lower self-esteem and lower morale. Forward stepwise linear and logistic regression analyses indicated that both dental anxiety and general fearfulness contributed to these negative outcomes. However, the latter was a more consistent predictor in that it entered six of seven models generated while the former entered only four. CONCLUSION The study indicated that dental fear and anxiety have pervasive psychosocial consequences, and that these are more marked among subjects with high levels of general fearfulness. It also provided evidence of the validity of a modified form of the psychosocial impact scale developed by Kent et al. (1996).
Seven novel sequence variants in the human low density lipoprotein receptor related protein 5 (LRP5) gene

We identified seven novel polymorphisms in the human low density lipoprotein receptor related protein 5 (LRP5) gene. Two of them are predicted to replace amino acid in LRP5 protein (c.314A>G: Q89R and c.4037T>C: V1330A), whereas three are silent mutations in the coding region (c.2268T>C: N740N, c.3405A>G: V1119V, and c.4137C>T: D1363D) and two are polymorphisms in introns (IVS10+6T>C and IVS17‐30G>A). Since LRP5 recognizes apolipoprotein E and is genetically linked with type 1 diabetes, these novel polymorphisms will be useful in genetic studies of hyperlipoproteinemia and diabetes. To our knowledge, this is the first report in the literature of sequence variants in the human LRP5 gene. ©2002 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
The peripheral nervous system--central nervous system regeneration dichotomy: a role for glial cell transplantation.

The events that follow axonal interruption (axotomy) reveal an important and fundamental difference between the peripheral and central components of the adult mammalian nervous system. Following transection of peripheral nerve axons, the proximal axonal portion is able to regenerate through the distal part of the nerve and may, under appropriate conditions, re-innervate the original target (sensory or effector organ), thereby restoring pre-lesion anatomy and function (Guth, 1956). Within the central nervous system (CNS), however, the regenerative response of interrupted axons is, with few exceptions, abortive, and the restoration of original synaptic contact does not occur (Cajal, 1928). This difference in the response to injury has clinical implications, CNS trauma carrying a much poorer prognosis than injury to peripheral nerves. This commentary will briefly review the possible reasons for the failure of effective axon regeneration in the CNS, and discusses the potential of glial transplantation to shed light on this complex problem.
The role of dairy products in supplying conjugated linoleic acid to man's diet: a review

Health benefits for man have been associated with conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) and dairy products are highlighted as offering the best opportunity to increase CLA consumption. CLA is synthesised in the rumen as an intermediate in the biohydrogenation of linoleic acid to stearic acid. The supplies of both intermediates and endproducts of biohydrogenation are affected by the substrate supply and extent of biohydrogenation, thus influencing the CLA content of milk from ruminants. The majority of CLA is present in the rumen in the form of the cis-9,trans-11 isomer. The transfer efficiency of CLA to milk fat is affected by the presence of different isomers of CLA. Ruminant mammary and adipose cells are able to synthesise cis-9,trans-11-CLA from trans-11-18:1 (vaccenic acid) by the action of the Δ9-desaturase enzyme. Plant oils are high in both linoleic and linolenic acids, which results in increased CLA production in the rumen and in the mammary gland. The CLA content of milk increases when cows are offered grazed grass. Many published studies examining the CLA concentration of processed milk were confounded by variations in the concentration of CLA in the raw milk.
Regulation of ornithine decarboxylase during morphogenesis of Mucor racemosus

During the yeast-to-hyphae transition of the dimorphic phycomycete Mucor racemosus, there was a 30- to 50-fold increase in the activity of ornithine decarboxylase. Increased enzyme activity preceded the emergence of germ tubes and reached a maximum before conversion was completed. Subsequently, enzyme levels rapidly declined, despite the continuation of mycelial growth. Both putrescine and spermidine blocked the enzyme activity response. Protein synthesis was required for the increase in enzyme activity during morphogenesis. A combination of actinomycin D and netropsin inhibited ribonucleic acid synthesis but failed to inhibit the increase in ornithine decarboxylase activity. There was a twofold increase in the enzyme half-life during morphogenesis with either trichodermin or verrucarin to inhibit protein synthesis.
Effects of the Duper Mutation on Circadian Responses to Light

The circadian mutation duper in Syrian hamsters shortens the free-running circadian period (τDD) by 2 hours when expressed on a tau mutant (τss) background and by 1 hour on a wild-type background. We have examined the effects of this mutation on phase response curves and entrainment. In contrast to wild types, duper hamsters entrained to 14L:10D with a positive phase angle. Super duper hamsters (expressing duper on a τss background) showed weak entrainment, while τss animals either completely failed to entrain or showed sporadic entrainment with episodes of relative coordination. As previously reported, wild-type and τss hamsters show low amplitude resetting in response to 15-minute light pulses after short-term (10 days) exposure to DD. In contrast, super duper hamsters show high amplitude resetting. This effect is attributable to the duper allele, as hamsters carrying duper on a wild-type background also show large phase shifts. Duper mutants that were born and raised in DD also showed high amplitude resetting in response to 15-minute light pulses, indicating that the effect of the mutation on PRC amplitude is not an aftereffect of entrainment to 14L:10D. Hamsters that are heterozygous for duper do not show amplified resetting curves, indicating that for this property, as for determination of free-running period, the mutant allele is recessive. In a modified Aschoff type II protocol, super duper and duper hamsters show large phase shifts as soon as the second day of DD. Despite the amplification of the PRC in super duper hamsters, the induction of Period1 gene expression in the SCN by light is no greater in these mutants than in wild-type animals. Period2 expression in the SCN did not differ between super duper and wild-type hamsters exposed to light at CT15, but albumin site D-binding protein (Dbp) mRNA showed higher basal levels and greater light induction in the SCN of super duper compared to wild-type animals. These results indicate that the duper mutation alters the amplitude of the circadian oscillator and further distinguish it from the tau mutation.
Biochemical, molecular characterization, and glycoproteomic analyses of α1‐proteinase inhibitor products used for replacement therapy *

BACKGROUND: Isoelectric focusing (IEF) of α1‐proteinase inhibitor (A1PI) shows that commercial products and plasma have different glycoisoform band patterns. Those in Aralast (Grifols Biologicals) reflect an anodal shift of glycoisoforms, which has caused concern. The protein, including glycoproteomic analyses, and structural features of A1PI products were investigated by state‐of‐the‐art techniques.
Palm Tocotrienol : A Good Antioxidant for Skin Wound Healing

Skin, as the largest organ of the body, acts as a barrier against the surroundings. It plays an important protective as well as reparative function in the body. When an injury occurs, either acute or chronic, our body automatically sets in motion dynamic and multiple steps of processes at the injured site (Akbik et al., 2014) as illustrated in Figure 1. Wound repair takes an intricate course, but there is distinctively concerted interaction among inflammatory cells and related growth, forming an important coordination of the intricate phases of wound repair (Öztürk and Ermertcan, 2011). Over the years, the stages of wound repair have been well-documented. Palm Tocotrienol: A Good Antioxidant for Skin Wound Healing
Effect of twin birth calvings on milk production, reproductive performance, and survival of lactating cows.

OBJECTIVE To evaluate effect of twin birth calvings on milk production, reproductive performance, and survival of lactating cows. DESIGN Retrospective observational cohort study. ANIMALS 33,868 cows from 20 farms. PROCEDURES Data on age at calving for primiparous cows and mature equivalent milk yield for multiparous cows, assistance at calving, stillbirths, twin births, gestation duration, pregnancy at the end of the data collection period, and culling-death for all cows were extracted from farm computer records and used for statistical analysis. RESULTS Prevalence of twin parturitions was 1.3% (159/12,050) and 6.5% (1,410/21,818) for primiparous and multiparous cows, respectively. Primiparous and multiparous cows with singletons produced more milk than cows with live twins or at least 1 dead twin (primiparous, 33.1 vs 31.9 vs 31.2; multiparous, 36.5 vs 35.7 vs 35.0). Multiparous cows with dead twins produced less milk than cows with live twins. Compared with dams with singleton birth, cows with twins were 0.78 times as likely to conceive and 1.42 times as likely to die or be culled. Cows with dead twins also had increased time to conception, compared with live twins. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE Twin birth was associated with decreased survival, milk production, and reproductive performance. Having at least 1 dead twin was even more detrimental than having live twins and resulted in decreased milk production and reproductive performance of lactating cows.
Mutual Coupling Reduction in Patch Antenna Arrays by Using a Planar EBG Structure and a Multilayer Dielectric Substrate

Periodic structures can help in the reduction of mutual coupling by using their capability of suppressing surface waves propagation in a given frequency range. The purpose of this work is to show the viability of using a planar electromagnetic band gap (EBG) structure based on a truncated frequency selective surface (FSS) grounded slab to this aim. The goal is to use it in patch antenna arrays, keeping both the element separation smaller than for grating lobes avoidance (assuming broadside case) and the patch antenna size large enough to have a good antenna directivity. To this aim, a multilayer dielectric substrate composed of high and low permittivity layers is convenient. This allows the use of a planar EBG structure made of small elements printed on the high permittivity material and, at the same time, the low permittivity layer helps the bandwidth and the directivity of the antenna to be increased. The EBG structure was designed under these premises and optimized for the particular application via an external optimization algorithm based on evolutionary computation: ant colony optimization (ACO). The mutual coupling reduction has been measured and it is larger than 10 dB with a completely planar structure.
Physiological characteristics of low‐threshold mechanoreceptors in joints, muscle and skin in human subjects

1. The development of microneurography, in which an insulated tungsten microelectrode is inserted into an accessible peripheral or cranial nerve in awake human subjects, has allowed detailed analyses of the signalling capacities of single mechanoreceptive afferents from the skin, muscles and joints. For example, we know much about how the two classes of rapidly adapting (Meissner and Pacinian) and two classes of slowly adapting (Merkel and Ruffini) cutaneous mechanoreceptors encode forces applied normal or tangential to the skin of the hand and the similarities and differences in glabrous versus non‐glabrous skin (and receptors associated with hairs). We also know about stretch‐ and force‐sensitive endings in muscle (the muscle spindle and Golgi tendon organ, respectively) and how they behave during passive or active movements or during isometric contractions. In addition, we have characterized the firing properties of mechanoreceptors in the joint capsules of the fingers. However, we know little about sensory nerves in the periosteum, other than that nociceptors and Pacinian corpuscles exist.
A new type receiving set of wireless power transmission systems for gastrointestinal robot

Capsule endoscopy has drawn increasing attention from gastroenterologists, However, limited by the lack of navigation, it is still an incompletely developed technology. The future of it is the Gastrointestinal(GI) robot, which equip with locomotion? biopsy and treatment module and so on. Unfortunately, the amount of power (at least 420mW) hinders this development. The limited volume, the freely change of orientation and location of the receiving set in gastrointestinal (GI) trace are the main constraints. To deal with this problem, a new type of receiving set, similar to the winding of three-phase asynchronous motor, is presented. The transmission efficiency, space utilization rate and uniformity are calculated and compared with the three-dimensional orthogonal one. In vitro experiments show that it could provide at least 452mW power in volume of Φ11×13mm with a uniformity of 77.5% for the GI robot. The results verified the feasibility and superiority of the new type receiving set. It paves the way for the application of the GI robot.
Optimized Retroviral Transduction Protocol Which Preserves the Primitive Subpopulation of Human Hematopoietic Cells

Though both low‐speed centrifugation and the use of fibronectin (Retronectin) fragments increase gene transduction efficiency, they still do not overcome the adverse effects of the presence of virus‐containing medium (VCM). In this study, we improved transduction efficiency of primitive human hematopoietic cells by optimizing the conditions for preadsorbing culture dishes with retrovirus using a centrifugation protocol allowing subsequent infection to be carried out in the absence of VCM. We also demonstrate that preadsorbing tissue culture plates with retrovirus is dependent on the volume of VCM used for preadsorption and the length of centrifugation and the type of plasticware used but not on the temperature of centrifugation (4–33 °C). Direct exposure of CD34+ target cells to VCM depletes the primitive CD34+CD38neg subpopulation by more than 30%, whereas the optimized VCM‐free infection protocol targets this population with equivalent efficiency but had no detrimental effects on CD34+CD38neg frequency. In summary, we demonstrate a high‐frequency transduction protocol which preserves the therapeutically relevant primitive subpopulation of human hematopoietic cells.
Modeling recommender systems via weighted bipartite network

Recommender systems have shown great potential to address information overload problems, namely, to help users find interesting and relevant objects within a huge information space. To achieve more accurate recommendation, in this paper, we proposed a recommendation algorithm Improved weighted Network‐Based Inference (INBIw) that improves on the original weighted network‐based inference by introducing a tunable parameter β to depress the influence of high‐degree nodes. In order to evaluate the recommendation performance of INBIw, ranking position rate and hitting rate are calculated. The results of experiment based on MovieLens data set show that the INBIw outperforms previous methods, including the global ranking method, collaborative filtering, network‐based inference, and weighted network‐based inference with respect to ranking position rate and hitting rate. Specifically, it performs well and gives a more accurate prediction. After further analysis, we discovered that the recommendation results of INBIw are insensitive to the amount of data and length of the recommendation list. Thus, INBIw can deal with data sparsity and is able to satisfy the varied requirements of real situations. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Supplementation with Mixed Fruit and Vegetable Juice Concentrates Increased Serum Antioxidants and Folate in Healthy Adults

Objective: Epidemiological studies have shown that low plasma levels of antioxidant micronutrients, which are commonly found in fruit and vegetables, are associated with increased risk for diseases such as heart disease, cancer, metabolic disorders and the like. The aim of this study was to monitor the dietary habits of a group of healthy, middle-aged, men and women and to assess the effect of supplementation with a natural phytonutrient preparation from fruits and vegetables, on plasma levels of various antioxidant micronutrients and oxidative stress assessed by measuring 8-oxodGuo (8-oxo-7,8-dihydro-2′-deoxyguanosine) in urine. Methods: The study followed a double-blind randomized cross-over design involving 59 healthy men and women (40–60 years of age). The supplement or a placebo was given to two groups for a total period of 14 weeks (crossover week 7). Blood levels of β-carotene, vitamin C, vitamin E, selenium and folate were measured at 0, 7 and 14 weeks. Fruit and vegetable consumption was monitored by means of a retrospective food frequency questionnaire at week 0, 7 and 14. Urinary 8-oxodGuo was also determined at these time points. Results: Significant increases in blood nutrient levels after active supplementation were observed for β-carotene, vitamin C, vitamin E, selenium and folate. Ranges measured, after supplementation, often fell into those associated with a reduced risk for disease. Our data suggests that, although generally health conscious, participants still fell short of the recommended five portions of fruit and vegetables per day. No significant group changes were noted for 8-oxodGuo concentration in urine. Conclusion: Supplementation with mixed fruit and vegetable juice concentrates effectively increased plasma levels of important antioxidant nutrients and folate.
Corrections to “V-Band On-Chip Dipole-Based Antenna” [Oct 09 2853-2861]

This paper corrects the errors on a previous paper regarding the V-band on-chip dipole-based antenna. First, the relatively high antenna gain (3.6 dBi) and efficiency of our demonstrated antenna was misinterpreted with the radiation characteristics of the traditional Vee-dipole. The dielectric resonator (DR) antenna radiation is the proper explanation for the high gain and efficiency. Second, the antenna dimensions provided in the previous paper is incorrect and the correct dimensions are 2.4 mm 1.4 mm 0.5 mm.