Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
General practitioners' experience of research.

In 1993, a Men's Health Study was conducted in five mainland capital cities of Australia to determine prevalence of urinary symptoms among male patients. Patients completed a questionnaire in the waiting room before seeing the general practitioner who later completed a checklist. Various strategies were used to encourage participation by general practitioners in the research and to maintain the quality of data collection, including the use of local co-ordinators seconded from a pharmaceutical company. The aim of the study was to obtain feedback from participants about strategies used to encourage their participation, ways to improve the study and future research topics. One hundred and thirty-four general practitioners completed self-administered questionnaires (82% response rate). The three most encouraging factors were the research topic itself, a telephone call from a medical member of the research team before receiving a letter about the research and a face-to-face visit by the local co-ordinator to explain the study before consent. Reactivity of patients and practitioners themselves to research requirements was perceived both positively and negatively. To improve the study, respondents suggested providing more information about the study to participating doctors and designing a patient questionnaire to involve non-English-speaking patients. Fifty-two per cent suggested topics for future research. The most frequently suggested topics were smoking, other cardiovascular risk reduction interventions, hormone replacement therapy, alcohol and exercise. It was concluded that general practitioners are influenced less by the names and track record of the research team than the research topic itself and the personal approaches used to obtain consent. (ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Speech to UML: An Intelligent Modeling Tool for Software Engineering

Software engineering tools are the key role in software development The main focus, as the title implies on the use of Artificial Intelligence in software modeling tool. The key concern here is to create a user friendly and intelligent tool, which can be used to assist software engineers in the analysis and design stages and it, can even be used in educational institutions for various learning purposes. The key feature of this tool will be automatic generation of classified requirements, use case diagram, and object interaction diagram (OID) from a text based case or voice which will be first converted to text. Besides that there is no similar existing software which contains fully functional, which has a feature that directly converts speech to text and then to requirements and modeling diagrams. This paper discusses an existing modeling tool issues and implementing a new modeling tool using speech reorganization tool, and an artificial Intelligence concept , and aims to design and implement a software-modeling tool to extract software requirements and develop different UML representations
An application of nonlinear model predictive control using C/GMRES method to a PH neutralization process

In this paper, nonlinear model predictive control (NMPC) using C/GMRES method is applied to a pH neutralization process. pH control is an important operation in various industries. However, due to its nonlinearities, this is a difficult task. First, we summarize the C/GMRES method, a fast numerical algorithm for NMPC, and a first-principles dynamic model of a pH neutralization process. Then, we apply the method to the process and show its efficiency through a numerical example.
Oxidative stress in women with perimenopausal symptoms

Objective:In this study, we examined the relationships between perimenopausal symptoms, biochemical parameters, and markers of oxidative stress in women in perimenopause and compared them with those of premenopausal women. Methods:Sixty-two women (age, 53.2 ± 5.7 y) with perimenopausal symptoms were recruited to participate in our study. The control group consisted of 18 women without perimenopausal symptoms (age, 40 ± 5 y). Clinical perimenopausal symptoms were evaluated via the questionnaire of the Menopausal Rating Scale. Our participants were checked for basic biochemical parameters. The oxidative status of our samples was determined through the examination of lipoperoxides, 8-oxoguanine (8-oxoG) levels, and the total antioxidant status (TAS). Results:Perimenopausal women had higher total cholesterol values and lower paraoxonase-1 (PON1) activity compared to reference values. Other biochemical parameters as well as 8-oxoG levels were unchanged compared with those of healthy control women. Lipoperoxide levels were significantly increased compared with those of premenopausal women. We found an indirect correlation between PON1 arylesterase (PON1 A) activity and lipoperoxide levels, between PON1 A activity and atherogenic index, between age and TAS, and between age and 8-oxoG levels. DNA repair ability and the total antioxidant status of women in perimenopause were significantly increased compared with women in premenopause. Hypercholesterolemic women had significantly increased low-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels when compared with normocholesterolemic individuals, but these values were still within the reference range. Normocholesterolemic women had significantly decreased high-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels, below the reference range. We found no correlations between perimenopausal symptoms and biochemical parameters or oxidative stress markers. Conclusions:We found that women in perimenopause are under increased oxidative stress manifested by reduced PON1 A activity and elevated lipoperoxidation, DNA repair ability, and TAS. Nutritional antioxidant supplementation may be an effective approach in improving menopausal symptoms.
Observations on living cells infected with Toxoplasma gondii.

SABIN AND OLITSKY (1937) demonstrated that Toxoplasma gondii was ail obligatory intracellular parasite. Guimaraes and Meyer (1942) showed that toxoplasma could be cultivated in vitro in a wide variety of cells. Since then a number of authors have used the tissue culture technique for various purposes (Miihlpfordt, 1952; Lock, 1953; Chernin and Weller, 1954; Vischer and Suter, 1954; Jacobs, 1956). Although the fundamental facts are well known, information is still lacking concerning several aspects of the behaviour of toxoplasma in tissue cultures, e.g. the rate of multiplication, the forming of the cyst-like structures and the reactions of the host cell. Most of the previous observations seem to have been performed on fixed and stained cultures. In the present study the propagation of toxoplasma was followed in living cells.
Between-word junctures in early multi-word speech

Most children aged 1;6 to 2;0 begin to use utterances of two words or more. It is therefore important for child phonologists to consider the development of phonetic and phonological phenomena that characterize connected speech. The longitudinal case study reported here investigated three juncture types – assimilation, elision and liaison – in the speech of a typically-developing child between the ages of 2;4 and 3;4. Attempts at production of these adult juncture types occurred from the onset of two-word utterances. However, for some juncture types, the child still had to perfect the intergestural relationships and gestural articulations that the adult between-word junctures demand. This process of phonetic development was largely accomplished by the age of 3;4. With one exception, between-word junctures appear not to be the result of learned phonological rules or processes. The exception is liaison involving /r/, which did not occur until the child was three years old.
Design of a sounding Body Fat Management system with remote monitoring

In this paper we design and implement a Sounding Body Fat Management System (SBFMS) on embedded system with Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) and power line communication (PLC). The SBFMS identifies user by RFID and measure his weight and bioelectrical impedance for health analysis so that the system can suggest the user by voice and text. Moreover, the user can access his measurement results through PLC remotely. Compared with other system, our design is better because it has more integrated functions.
Explicating Implicit Surfaces

In this paper I present a review of implicit surface techniques along with a summary of current problems and possible solutions. Implicit surface models can be made to blend and change their shape. Such properties as this make these models very useful for animation. I describe various interactive modelling and animation techniques such as the use of metamorphosis and warping. Implicit surfaces have been used to represent natural phenomena such as biological shapes and in this paper a new technique is presented for simulating glowing objects. Finally some thoughts are given to the future direction of implicit surface research.
Characterization of Inflammatory Gene Expression and Chemotaxis of Macrophages Expressing Guanylin and Guanylyl Cyclase-C

Depending upon the environment, macrophages can show at least two different phenotypes, including the inflammatory (M1) phenotype and the anti-inflammatory (M2) phenotype. CD11c–positive M1 macrophages produce proinflammatory cytokines such as interleukin (IL) 1β, IL-6, tumor necrosis factor α, and monocyte chemoattractant protein (MCP) 1, which are linked to the development of obesity-associated insulin resistance. Recently, we showed that double-transgenic (dTg) rats overexpressing guanylin (Gn) and its receptor, guanylyl cyclase-C (GC-C), specifically in macrophages did not become obese even when fed a high-fat diet. In the present study, to characterize macrophages expressing Gn and GC-C (i.e., Gn/GC-C macrophages), we analyzed the expression of the M1 and M2 markers of peritoneal macrophages isolated from dTg and wild type (WT) rats. We also examined the chemotaxis of these macrophages after incubation with MCP-1 or fatty acids. The expression of CD11c, an M1 macrophage marker were expressed at a significantly lower level in the peritoneal macrophages of dTg rats than in those of wild-type (WT) rats. In addition, the expression of IL-1, MCP-1 and chemokine receptor 2 were expressed at a significantly lower level in the peritoneal macrophages of dTg rats than in those of WT rats. On the other hand, there were no significant differences in the expression of M2 markers such as CD206, IL10, and arginine 1 between dTg and WT rats. We also found that the chemotaxis of Gn/GC-C macrophages incubated with fatty acids significantly increases compared to the macrophages of WT rats. Our results suggest that the low levels of proinflammatory cytokines and M1 markers in Gn/GC-C macrophages at least in part contribute to the anti-obese phenotype of Gn/GC-C Tg rats. In addition, the accelerated chemotaxis of Gn/GC-C macrophages in response to fatty acids suggests that these macrophages can uniquely react to excess fatty acids.
A chemical enterocolitis model in zebrafish larvae that is dependent on microbiota and responsive to pharmacological agents

Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) results from dysfunctional interactions between the intestinal immune system and microbiota, influenced by host genetic susceptibility. Because a key feature of the pathology is intestinal epithelial damage, potential disease factors have been traditionally analyzed within the background of chemical colitis models in mice. The zebrafish has greatly complemented the mouse for modeling aspects of disease processes, with an advantage for high content drug screens. Larval zebrafish exposed to the haptenizing agent trinitrobenzene sulfonic acid (TNBS) displayed impaired intestinal homeostasis and inflammation reminiscent of human IBD. There was a marked induction of pro‐inflammatory cytokines, the degradative enzyme mmp9 and leukocytosis. Enterocolitis was dependent on microbiota and Toll‐like receptor signaling, that can be ameliorated by antibiotic and anti‐inflammatory drug treatments. This system will be useful to rapidly interrogate in vivo the biological significance of the IBD candidate genes so far identified and to carry out pharmacological modifier screens. Developmental Dynamics, 2011. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Steroid Hormones Stimulate Gonadotrophs in Juvenile Male African Catfish (Clarias gariepinus)1

Abstract In juvenile African catfish (Clarias gariepinus), the pituitary LH content strongly increased after the beginning of spermatogonial proliferation. We hypothesized that a signal of testicular origin is involved in stimulating the gonadotrophs. We investigated the effects of castration and sex steroid treatment on gonadotrophs in juvenile males by quantifying LH production and release and LH subunit transcript levels and by examining gonadotroph morphology and proliferation. Castration reduced but did not abolish the maturation-associated elevation in pituitary LH content. Treatment with testosterone but not with 11-ketotestosterone, an otherwise potent androgen in fish, reversed the castration-induced decrease of pituitary LH levels. An increased pituitary LH content was accompanied by an increased number of cytologically mature gonadotrophs. However, no evidence was found for gonadotroph proliferation, so that quiescent gonadotrophs may have become activated. Although 11-ketotestosterone treatments had no effect in castrated males, this androgen attenuated gonadotroph activation in intact males. Because androgen production in juvenile catfish is downregulated by treatment with 11-ketotestosterone, its inhibitory effects on gonadotrophs in gonad-intact males may be due to suppression of Leydig cell testosterone production, which appears to be a limiting factor for the activation of catfish gonadotrophs. Aromatizable androgens may have opposite effects on fish (stimulatory) and mammalian (inhibitory) gonadotrophs.
Magnetic control of continuum devices

In this paper we apply Cosserat rod theory to catheters with permanent magnetic components that are subject to spatially varying magnetic fields. The resulting model formulation captures the magnetically coupled catheter behavior and provides numerical solutions for rod equilibrium configurations in real-time. The model is general, covering cases with different catheter geometries, multiple magnetic components, and various boundary constraints. The necessary Jacobians for quasi-static, closed-loop control using an electromagnetic coil system and a motorized advancer are derived and incorporated into a visual-feedback controller. We address the issue of solution bifurcations caused by the magnetic field by proposing an additional, stabilizing control method that makes use of system redundancies. We demonstrate the effectiveness of the model by performing 3D tip-position trajectories with root-mean-square distance errors of 2.7 mm in open-loop, 0.30 mm in closed-loop, and 0.42 mm in stabilizing closed-loop modes. The stabilizing controller achieved on average a factor of 1.6 increase in the restoring wrenches for the least stable direction.
An alternative choice of lidocaine-loaded liposomes: lidocaine-loaded lipid–polymer hybrid nanoparticles for local anesthetic therapy

Abstract Purpose: The skin permeation enhancement of local anesthetics by newer innovative nanotechnologies has been an appealing field recently. However, which nanocarrier is better for drug loading and has better stability? Therefore, the aim of our study was to compare two kinds of nanocarriers: liposomes and lipid–polymer hybrid nanoparticles (LPNs) for lidocaine (LA) delivery. Methods: LA-loaded liposomes (LA-LPs) and LPNs (LA-LPNs) were prepared. Two kinds of nanocarriers were characterized in terms of particle size, zeta potential, drug encapsulation efficiency (EE), drug release, and stability. Their in vitro skin permeation was studied using a Franz diffusion cell mounted with depilated mouse skin in vitro. In vivo local anesthetic effects of LA containing formulations were evaluated by tail flick latency (TFL) test using a tail-flick measuring device. Results: Compared with LA-LPs, LA-LPNs showed significantly better in vitro skin permeation ability and in vivo local anesthetic effects. Conclusion: The results demonstrated that LPNs could improve the efficacy of drugs to higher levels than LPs and free drugs, thus could serve as an effective drug system for LA loading for local anesthetic therapy.
Pathology of heart, lung, liver and kidney in broilers under chronic heat stress

Abstract Aengwanich, W. and Simaraks, S. Pathology of heart, lung, liver and kidney in broilers under chronic heat stress Songklanakarin J. Sci. Technol. , 2004, 26(3) : 417-424 The purpose of this experiment was to investigate pathological changes in broilers under chronic heatstress. Fifteen birds (n = 15), twenty-eight days old were kept at 33 + 1 o C environmental temperature for21 days. While broilers were maintained in environmental temperature at 33 + 1 o C, body temperature,respiratory rate and urine excretion rose. Macroscopic and microscopic lesions of heart, lung, liver andkidney were examined. Right atrium hypertrophy with excessive blood accumulation, heart enlargementand right ventricular hypertrophy were observed in 12 out of 15 broilers (80%). Congestion, edema andhyperemia in lung were present in all broilers. Yellow and pale livers were observed in 4 out of 15 broilers(26.67%). Kidneys were highly affected i.e. generalized edema and hemorrhage in subrenal capsule. Undermicroscopic examination of heart, massive myofibrillar degeneration with hemorrhage, general fattydegeneration /or/ vacuolation of myofibers and diffused myocarditis containing organisms were found insome areas. The principal histopathologic lesions in the lung were related to vein and arteriole massivecongestion. Massive hemorrhage was largely observed in parabronchus and alveoli of all broilers.Liver cells showed “fatty degeneration” with dilation of sinusoid of all broilers. Besides, necrosis with hetero-phils and lymphocytes was observed in some parts of the liver, especially in the centritubular region. In the
The Life of Lazarillo de Tormes and of His Machine Learning Adversities

Summit work of the Spanish Golden Age and forefather of the so-called picaresque novel, The Life of Lazarillo de Tormes and of His Fortunes and Adversities still remains an anonymous text. Although distinguished scholars have tried to attribute it to different authors based on a variety of criteria, a consensus has yet to be reached. The list of candidates is long and not all of them enjoy the same support within the scholarly community. Analyzing their works from a data-driven perspective and applying machine learning techniques for style and text fingerprinting, we shed light on the authorship of the Lazarillo. As in a state-of-the-art survey, we discuss the methods used and how they perform in our specific case. According to our methodology, the most likely author seems to be Juan Arce de Ot\'alora, closely followed by Alfonso de Vald\'es. The method states that not certain attribution can be made with the given corpus.
Patterns of Disrespectful Physician Behavior at an Academic Medical Center: Implications for Training, Prevention, and Remediation

Purpose Physician disrespectful behavior affects quality of care, patient safety, and collaborative clinical team function. Evidence defining the demographics, ethnography, and epidemiology of disrespectful behavior is lacking. Method The authors conducted a retrospective analysis of reports of disrespectful physician behavior at Stanford Hospital and Clinics from March 2011 through February 2015. Events were stratified by role, gender, specialty, and location in the hospital or clinics where the event occurred. Event rate ratios were estimated using a multivariable negative binomial regression model. Correlation of rates of faculty and trainees in the same specialty was assessed. Results One hundred ninety-nine events concerned faculty; 160 concerned trainees. Events were concentrated among a small number of physicians in both groups. The rates of faculty and trainee events within the same specialty were highly correlated (Spearman’s rho: 0.90; P < .001). Male physicians had an adjusted event rate 1.86 (95% CI = 1.33–2.60; P < .001) times that of females. Procedural physicians were 3.67 times (95% CI = 2.63–5.13; P < .001) more likely to have a disrespectful behavior event than nonprocedural physicians when adjusting for other covariates. Most common location for faculty was the operating rooms (69 events, 34%); for trainees, the medical/surgical units (43 events, 27%). Conclusions Patterns of physician disrespectful behavior differed by role, gender, specialty, and location. Rates among faculty and trainees of the same specialty were highly correlated. These patterns can be used to create more focused education and training for specific physician groups and individualized remediation interventions.
Corrosion of metal orthopaedic implants.

In situ degradation of metal-alloy implants is undesirable for two reasons: the degradation process may decrease the structural integrity of the implant, and the release of degradation products may elicit an adverse biological reaction in the host. Degradation may result from electrochemical dissolution phenomena, wear, or a synergistic combination of the two. Electrochemical processes may include generalized corrosion, uniformly affecting the entire surface of the implant, and localized corrosion, affecting either regions of the device that are shielded from the tissue fluids (crevice corrosion) or seemingly random sites on the surface (pitting corrosion). Electrochemical and mechanical processes (for example, stress corrosion cracking, corrosion fatigue, and fretting corrosion) may interact, causing premature structural failure and accelerated release of metal particles and ions. The clinical importance of degradation of metal implants is evidenced by particulate corrosion and wear products in tissue surrounding the implant, which may ultimately result in a cascade of events leading to periprosthetic bone loss. Furthermore, many authors have reported increased concentrations of local and systemic trace metal in association with metal implants1,4,5,9-11,14,18,25,26,28,29,47,49-55,58,71,72,75-77,87,90,108-110. There also is a low but finite prevalence of corrosion-related fracture of the implant. This review focuses on electrochemical corrosion phenomena in alloys used for orthopaedic implants. A summary of basic electrochemistry is followed by a discussion of retrieval studies of the response of the implant to the host environment and the response of local tissue to implant corrosion products. The systemic implications of the release of metal particles also are presented. Finally, future directions in biomaterials research and development …
A cultural analysis of ERP-enabled business process management strategy and governance in Indian organisations

Business process management (BPM) is a key issue for organisations, particularly in a global business environment. Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) systems provide a viable means for managing business processes. In this paper we synthesise a framework for BPM strategy and governance and then report two case studies that explore the influence of national culture on BPM strategy and governance in India. One case study involves the Indian subsidiary of a multinational corporation (MNC) and the other an Indian manufacturing company that has recently established an overseas presence. The two case studies provide a deep understanding of how culture influences BPM strategy and governance differently within each organization and indicate the need for formal BPM strategy and governance practices to mitigate any negative influences of national culture in a global context.