Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The Training Needs of Malaysian House-Officers on Core Obstetrics and Gynecological Competencies

Background: Internship prepares a newly graduated medical practitioner to be fully conversant and confident with the routines during clinical practice. Information on competencies on basic core clinical skills at an early stage of training is essential. So appropriate measures can be implemented to ensure adequate competence is acquired in the available period. This study was performed to assess the training needs of house officers overtime and the outcome of their training on core obstetric and gynecological (Ob&Gyn) competencies. Methods: This was a longitudinal study of the level of competence and training needs of house-officers on the core (Ob&Gyn) competencies as required by the Ministry of Health Malaysia. Three domains of competencies that were the practical knowledge, procedural competencies, and the personal and professional attributes were assessed. The assessment was done at two points, which were the beginning and the end of the posting to enable evaluation of the level of competency and training needs over time. The data were obtained using a set of a questionnaire developed based on the competencies required by the Ministry of Health Malaysia. A Likert scale of 1-5 was used to measure the house officers’ perceptions of the items studied. A P value <0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: Responses from 416 house-officers from eight participating hospitals were available for analysis. The mean entry scores at the beginning of (Ob&Gyn) rotation of three domains of assessment -practical knowledge, procedural competencies, and personal attributes- were 2.86 (SD 0.679), 2.21 (SD 0.222), and 3.72 (SD 0.734) and mean exit scores of the three domains of assessment at the end of the rotation were 3.84 (SD 0.553), 3.14 (SD 0.712), and 4.22 (SD 0.641), respectively. The improvements were statistically significant (P=0.0001 in all areas). Factors that were associated with higher scores at the entry-level were the female sex, number of prior clinical rotations, and where they graduated from. Conclusion: Whilst the training needs of the house-officers in the core (Ob&Gyn) competencies significantly reduced over time, specific areas of unpreparedness related to undergraduate medical training were identified. These areas need attention to ensure graduates are optimally prepared for starting work. Keywords: HOUSE-OFFICERS, TRAINING NEEDS, CORE OBSTETRICS & GYNECOLOGICAL COMPETENCIES
Vitamin D, C-reactive protein, and oxidative stress markers in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

Objective: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Systemic inflammation and oxidant/antioxidant imbalance has been seen to play a key role in pathogenesis of COPD. The present study investigated the levels of inflammatory and antioxidant/oxidative stress biomarker in COPD patients and healthy subjects. Materials and Methods: The present study enrolled seventy COPD patients and seventy healthy controls from Department of Respiratory Medicine at a tertiary care hospital. Vitamin D, C-reactive protein (CRP), superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase, and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels were measured in both cases and control. GraphPad PRISM version 6.01 was used for analysis of data. Results: The levels of Vitamin D, SOD, Catalase, were found to be significantly lower among the COPD patients in comparison to healthy controls while levels of MDA and CRP were significantly higher (P = 0.0001). Conclusion: The results showed oxidant/antioxidant imbalance and Vitamin D deficiency in COPD patients. Higher levels of CRP and oxidative stress markers were observed in COPD patients in comparison to healthy controls. A biomarker based study testing the efficacy of novel antioxidant or other agents will be helpful that can modify the course of this disease.
Tough and Tunable Scaffold-Hydrogel Composite Biomaterial for Soft-to-Hard Musculoskeletal Tissue Interfaces

Biological interfaces connecting tissues with dissimilar mechanical and structural properties are ubiquitous throughout the musculoskeletal system. Tendons attach to bone via a fibrocartilaginous interface (enthesis) that reduces mechanical strain and resultant tissue failure. Despite this toughening mechanism, tears at the enthesis occur due to acute (overload) or degradative (aging) processes. Repair involves surgical fixation of the torn tendon to bone, but results in the formation of a narrow fibrovascular scar tissue with inferior biomechanical properties. Progress toward enthesis regeneration requires biomaterial approaches to protect exogenously added or endogenously recruited cells from high levels of strain at the interface between dissimilar materials. Here, we describe an innovative reinforcement strategy to address this need. We report a stratified scaffold containing collagen bone and tendon tissue compartments linked by a continuous polyethylene glycol (PEG) hydrogel interface. Tuning the gelation kinetics of the hydrogel modulates its integration with the surrounding biomaterial compartments and yields biomechanical performance advantages. Notably, the continuous hydrogel interface reduces the deleterious effects of strain concentrations that form between tissue compartments in conventional stratified biomaterials. This design of mechanically robust stratified composite biomaterials may be appropriate for a broad range of tendon and ligament-to-bone insertions.
Recovery of tuna virgin fish oil and formulation as a product model of emulsion food supplement

The aims of this study were to recover and characterize extra virgin fish oil (EVFO) from tuna eyes, and avoid deterioration and loss of EVFO functionality during extraction, formulation and storage of EVFO emulsion supplement. Research comprised extraction, characterization, and formulation of emulsions with addition of mangrove (Rhizophora mucronata) natural antioxidant extracts (0%, 2%, 4% and 8%), ascorbic acid (0.2%) and combination of mangrove extract and ascorbic acid (0.2%:0.2%). The extraction of EVFO used cool centrifugation technology and antioxidant activity of mangroves was measured by the ABTS method. Emulsion stability was verified for 2 weeks (25°C). The best formula was determined by using Bayes method. About 10% EVFO was isolated from tuna eye but its peroxide value was still high. The EVFO had a proportion of DHA up to 34.96%. Mangrove extract had an antioxidant activity of 52.96±0.42 ppm. The best preferred emulsion formula closest to the standard of stability was the formula added with mangrove fruit extract 0.8%. This EVFO emulsions supplement formula with serving sizes of 2 tea spoon (10 mL) donated 0.38 g of DHA which was approximately 32% of the average omega-3 requirement for the first trimester period of pregnancy.
RGBD ANALYSIS FOR FINDING THE DIFFERENT STAGES OF MATURITY OF FRUITS IN FARMING

The agriculture being the major source of revenue for the people in the rural areas in a country like India many measures have been taken to improve the revenue of the farmers. The assessing the ripeness of the fruits is also one of the primary responsibilities of the farmer to fix the proper time to glean the fruits and taking them to the market. Computer vision and the image processing together remains as a key methodology in reducing the human labor and classifying the different stages of maturity is has become very prominent in examining the stages of the fruit growth. As the color seems to be the important feature to be observed in determining the different stages of the fruits maturity and color identification of the tropic fruits is difficult due to the various illuminations and the partial clogging up of the fruits. In order to identify maturity stage of the fruits the paper proposes a RGBD analysis to examine the stages of the fruits and identify the various stages of maturity.
Uncertainty, anxiety, depression and the quality of life in patients with cancer

Background: Cancer diagnosis is a potentially fatal alteration in life which could be related to uncertainty resulting in anxiety and depression, decreasing the quality of life even death thoughts and suicide. This study aimed at assess the relationship among uncertainty, anxiety, depression and the quality of life among patients with cancer. Methods: In this cross-sectional study, the research population was 163 patients suffering from cancer, referred to chemotherapeutic center of Shahid Rahimi educational hospital. They were entered to study in categorized random sampling based on determined share of type of cancers and gender in a pilot study. They should be aware about their diagnosis, age of 21 or higher, and with no psychotic diseases. By considering ethical considerations included anonymity and confidentiality of participants and taking informant consent, data gathered by fulfilling some questionnaire consisted of demographic information, Michel’s uncertainty in illness scale, WHOQOL-BREF questionnaire and HADS scale. The data were analyzed by SPSS software version 24, by using descriptive and inferential statistics. (p=0.05) Results: According to the results, patients had a high level of uncertainty in illness and their quality of life was at medium level. Also, limited number of patients had sever anxiety and depression but the majority of them had moderate and mild anxiety and depression respectively. Besides, there was a positive significant relation between uncertainty in illness and anxiety and a reverse significant relation between uncertainty in illness and the quality of life (p<0.001). Although, there wasn't relation between uncertainty and depression. Conclusions: By considering high level of uncertainty in patients with cancer as an inappropriate and disturbing experience, applying effective strategies by caregivers to decrease uncertainty in illness can decline psychological distress and promote the quality of life in them.
Prevalence of Business Models in Global OTT Video Services: A Cluster Analysis

ABSTRACT This paper is an empirical analysis of the prevalence of business models in the Over The Top (OTT) video content distribution sector. From a review of the literature on taxonomies of OTT business models, it identifies five attributes of an OTT content distribution platform: ownership, vertical integration with content producers, platform/multiplatform compatibility, service type, and revenue model. Applying cluster analysis to SNL Kagan’s global database of 798 OTT distribution networks, the most five commonly occurring combinations of attributes are identified. The paper concludes by discussing the characteristics of these business models.
Other Rare Polyposis Syndromes

The rare gastrointestinal polyposis syndromes are a group of disorders characterized by the presence of multiple polyps in the gastrointestinal tract, associa- ted in some cases with extraintestinal manifestations. These syndromes can be inherited or non-inherited. The first group includes, on the basis of polyp histopathology, adenomatous polyposis (familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP) vari- ants like Gardner's syndrome and Turcot's syndrome) and hamartomatous polyposis (Juvenile Polyposis syndrome, Peutz-Jeghers syndrome, Cowden's disease, and Bannayan-Ryley-Ruvalcaba syndrome), while the second group includes Cronkhite-Canada syndrome and Hyperplastic polyposis. The molecular genetics have not been well defined for all the syndromes. However, these conditions present variable risk of gastrointestinal and extraintestinal invasive malignancy. Therefore management and surveillance programs are different for each syndrome.
Atherosclerotic evaluation with whole-body CTA (WB-CTA) in patients with CV risk factors: are coronary arteries and extra-coronary vessels equally involved?

Poster: "ECR 2011 / C-1028 / Atherosclerotic evaluation with whole-body CTA (WB-CTA) in patients with CV risk factors: are coronary arteries and extra-coronary vessels equally involved? " by: "F. Zaccagna, A. Napoli, M. Anzidei, G. Cartocci, L. Molisso, L. Di Mare, C. Catalano, R. Passariello; Rome/IT"
Statistical Approaches for Handling Missing Data in Cluster Randomized Trials

9 1 REVIEW OF THE LITERATURE . 11 1.1 Cluster randomized trials. 11 1.1.1 Statistical implications for cluster randomized trials . 11 1.1.2 Analysis at the cluster level . 12 1.1.3 Analysis at the individual level . 12 1.1.4 Reporting CRTs . 13 1.2 Missing data. 13 1.2. 1 Implications of missing data . 13 1.2. 2 How much missing data is acceptable? 13 1.2. 3 Missing data mechanisms . 14 1.3 Missing data methods in cluster randomized trials. 14 1.3. 1 Complete case . 14 1.3. 2 Single imputation . 14 1.3. 3 Multiple imputation . 15 1.3. 4 Model based methods for MCAR and MAR . 15 1.4 Sensitivity analysis. 16 1.5 Pattern mixture models . 16 1.5. 1 Under-identification . 17 1.5. 2 Advantages & disadvantages . 17 1.5. 3 Extensions . 18 2 STATISTICAL ANALYSIS AND HANDLING OF MISSING DATA IN CLUSTER RANDOMIZED TRIALS: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW . 19 2.
HELPING CLIENTS UNDERSTAND NATIONAL PHYSICAL ACTIVITY GUIDELINES

In the May/June 2009 issue of ACSM’s Health and Fitness Journal , David C. Nieman, Ph.D., FACSM (17) summarized the new Physical Activity Guidelines for Americans published by the Department of Health and Human Services (DHHS) (21) in October 2008. For the first time, one document provides guidelines for all ages and people with special needs. The guidelines are supported by major health-related organizations (including ACSM) and are based on sound scientific evidence. Equally important is the fact that the guidelines are written in a style that is easy to communicate. It is also newsworthy that these guidelines will be revised on a regular basis, just as national nutrition guidelines are revised every 5 years. This document establishes that the government has placed a high priority on physical activity for improving public health. It is a document around which professionals can unite. A brief overview of the new DHHS guidelines is provided in Table 1. Although it is true that the guidelines contain basic information and are written in a way that is easy for most in the general public to understand, many among the general public will not read the guidelines and some who read them will not understand them. For this reason, it is important for professionals to assist clients in interpreting guidelines. In this article, a brief history of physical activity guidelines is presented. This history will provide a basis for explaining some key ideas on which current and past guidelines are based. Some suggestions for presenting the guidelines to clients are provided.
Diseño participativo de espacios verdes públicos

Desarrollar procesos de diseño participativo no es una cuestión meramente voluntariosa. Debe enmarcarse en métodos concretos y definirse claramente los alcances de la participacióndeseada. Los eficaces métodos participativos son los que establecen medios de comunicación entregobernantes y gobernados y entre los propios vecinos. Un proceso participativo debe ser inclusivoy abierto, fomentando la tolerancia y el respeto hacia el otro. La metodología participativa permitetambién establecer marcos pedagógicos a los participantes para poder asumir que el espacio públicoes el de todos. Por ello es que deben establecerse certeros canales de comunicación, que permitanel diálogo entre los participantes y herramientas para poder establecer acuerdos. La cohesión de losvecinos con los paisajistas, ofrece un valor agregado para fortalecer ese hecho creativo que va a constituir un nuevo paisaje urbano. Los vecinos son socios fundamentales para que los profesionales delPaisaje puedan volcar sus conocimientos técnicos e improntas creativas hacia un proyecto coherente,funcional y constructor de sociedad democrática. Este diseño se caracteriza por un tratamiento técnico de modo interdisciplinario y por la participación real de usuarios y vecinos de esos espacios; esdecir, por un involucramiento que apunta a la toma de decisiones y control ciudadano.
Corticosteroids in the Critically Ill

This feature examines the impact of pharmacologic interventions on the treatment of the critically ill patient — an area of health care that has become increasingly complex. Recent advances in drug therapy for adult ICU patients (including evolving and controversial data) will be reviewed and assessed in terms of clinical, humanistic, and economic outcomes. Direct questions or comments to Gil Fraser, PharmD, at fraseg@mmc.org.
Design and implementation of real-time robot operating system based on freertos

With the advancement of artificial intelligence technology, the product of its integration with robots:intelligent robots, is appearing more and more in people’s lives and work. Compared to the single function of industrial robots, intelligent robots have the ability to perceive, recognize and decide on the outside world. In order to achieve these functions, data needs to be collected by various types of sensors, and then processed by various algorithms. The introduction of these modules has increased the complexity of the system. Therefore, in order to reduce the complexity between the functional modules, reducing the coupling between modules, and improving the code reuse rate of the functional modules has become an urgent task. This paper proposes an improved FreeRTOS operating system have a driver layer, a middleware layer, and a functional module layer. The experimental results show that the scheme can support the maximum 2000hz module response frequency and the Topic data throughput rate of 2K Bytes per second.
Comparing the utility of user-level and kernel-level data for dynamic malware analysis

Dynamic malware analysis is fast gaining popularity over static analysis since it is not easily defeated by evasion tactics such as obfuscation and polymorphism. During dynamic analysis, it is common practice to capture the system calls that are made to better understand the behaviour of malware. System calls are captured by hooking certain structures in the Operating System. There are several hooking techniques that broadly fall into two categories, those that run at user-level and those that run at kernel level. User-level hooks are currently more popular despite there being no evidence that they are better suited to detecting malware. The focus in much of the literature surrounding dynamic malware analysis is on the data analysis method over the data capturing method. This thesis, on the other hand, seeks to ascertain if the level at which data is captured affects the ability of a detector to identify malware. This is important because if the data captured by the hooking method most commonly used is sub-optimal, the machine learning classifier can only go so far. To study the effects of collecting system calls at different privilege levels and viewpoints, data was collected at a process-specific user-level using a virtualised sandbox environment and a systemwide kernel-level using a custom-built kernel driver for all experiments in this thesis. The experiments conducted in this thesis showed kernel-level data to be marginally better for detecting malware than user-level data. Further analysis revealed that the behaviour of malware used to differentiate it differed based on the data given to the classifiers. When trained on user-level data, classifiers used the evasive features of malware to differentiate it from benignware. These are the very features that malware uses to avoid detection. When trained on kernel-level data, the classifiers preferred to use the general behaviour of malware to differentiate it from benignware. The implications of this were witnessed when the classifiers trained on user-level and kernel-level data were made to classify malware that had been stripped of its evasive properties. Classifiers trained on user-level data could not detect malware that only possessed malicious attributes. While classifiers trained on kernel-level data were unable to detect malware that did not exhibit the amount of general activity they expected in malware. This research highlights the importance of giving careful consideration to the hooking methodology employed to collect data, since it not only affects the classification results, but a classifier’s understanding of malware.
Novel identification methods including a species-specific PCR for hazardousBacillusspecies

Fifteen strains of Bacillus spp. (three B. cereus strains, one B. subtilis, B. macerans, B. pumilus, and B. mycoides strains, and eight unknown isolates from the food-industry) were identified on species level with three designed pairs of primers for B. cereus, B. licheniformis, and B. subtilis. Primers designed for B. licheniformis (BlichF and BlichR) and B. subtilis (BsubF and BsubR) allowed specific species identification, whereas the designed pair of primers for B. cereus (BcerF2 and BcerR2) showed specificity for B. cereus sensu lato, because both B. cereus strains and B. mycoides gave positive reaction. Bacilli identification was also carried out with routine API method with unsatisfactory results. The (GTG)₅-PCR method was used for strain characterization, enabling bacilli classification into separate clusters according to their taxonomic designations.
Earthquake source arrays: optimal configuration and applications in crustal structure studies

A collection of earthquake sources recorded at a single station, under specific conditions, are considered as a source array (SA), that is interpreted as if earthquake sources originate at the station location and are recorded at the source location. Then, array processing methods, that is array beamforming, are applicable to analyse the recorded signals. A possible application is to use source array multiple event techniques to locate and characterize near-source scatterers and structural interfaces. In this work the aim is to facilitate the use of earthquake source arrays by presenting an automatic search algorithm to configure the source array elements. We developed a procedure to search for an optimal source array element distribution given an earthquake catalogue including accurate origin time and hypocentre locations. The objective function of the optimization process can be flexibly defined for each application to ensure the prerequisites (criteria) of making a source array. We formulated four quantitative criteria as subfunctions and used the weighted sum technique to combine them in one single scalar function. The criteria are: (1) to control the accuracy of the slowness vector estimation using the time domain beamforming method, (2) to measure the waveform coherency of the array elements, (3) to select events with lower location error and (4) to select traces with high energy of specific phases, that is, sp- or ps-phases. The proposed procedure is verified using synthetic data as well as real examples for the Vogtland region in Northwest Bohemia. We discussed the possible application of the optimized source arrays to identify the location of scatterers in the velocity model by presenting a synthetic test and an example using real waveforms.