Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
S-Phase Checkpoint Pathways Stimulate the Mobility of the Retrovirus-Like Transposon Ty1

ABSTRACT The mobility of the Ty1 retrotransposon in the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae is restricted by a large collection of proteins that preserve the integrity of the genome during replication. Several of these repressors of Ty1 transposition (Rtt)/genome caretakers are orthologs of mammalian retroviral restriction factors. In rtt/genome caretaker mutants, levels of Ty1 cDNA and mobility are increased; however, the mechanisms underlying Ty1 hypermobility in most rtt mutants are poorly characterized. Here, we show that either or both of two S-phase checkpoint pathways, the replication stress pathway and the DNA damage pathway, partially or strongly stimulate Ty1 mobility in 19 rtt/genome caretaker mutants. In contrast, neither checkpoint pathway is required for Ty1 hypermobility in two rtt mutants that are competent for genome maintenance. In rtt101Δ mutants, hypermobility is stimulated through the DNA damage pathway components Rad9, Rad24, Mec1, Rad53, and Dun1 but not Chk1. We provide evidence that Ty1 cDNA is not the direct target of the DNA damage pathway in rtt101Δ mutants; instead, levels of Ty1 integrase and reverse transcriptase proteins, as well as reverse transcriptase activity, are significantly elevated. We propose that DNA lesions created in the absence of Rtt/genome caretakers trigger S-phase checkpoint pathways to stimulate Ty1 reverse transcriptase activity.
Influenza Virus Nucleoprotein Interacts with Influenza Virus Polymerase Proteins

ABSTRACT Influenza virus nucleoprotein (NP) is a critical factor in the viral infectious cycle in switching influenza virus RNA synthesis from transcription mode to replication mode. In this study, we investigated the interaction of NP with the viral polymerase protein complex. Using coimmunoprecipitation with monospecific or monoclonal antibodies, we observed that NP interacted with the RNP-free polymerase protein complex in influenza virus-infected cells. In addition, coexpression of the components of the polymerase protein complex (PB1, PB2, or PA) with NP either together or pairwise revealed that NP interacts with PB1 and PB2 but not PA. Interaction of NP with PB1 and PB2 was confirmed by both coimmunoprecipitation and histidine tagging of the NP-PB1 and NP-PB2 complexes. Further, it was observed that NP-PB2 interaction was rather labile and sensitive to dissociation in 0.1% sodium dodecyl sulfate and that the stability of NP-PB2 interaction was regulated by the sequences present at the COOH terminus of NP. Analysis of NP deletion mutants revealed that at least three regions of NP interacted independently with PB2. A detailed analysis of the COOH terminus of NP by mutation of serine-to-alanine (SA) residues either individually or together demonstrated that SA mutations in this region did not affect the binding of NP to PB2. However, some SA mutations at the COOH terminus drastically affected the functional activity of NP in an in vivo transcription-replication assay, whereas others exhibited a temperature-sensitive phenotype and still others had no effect on the transcription and replication of the viral RNA. These results suggest that a direct interaction of NP with polymerase proteins may be involved in regulating the switch of viral RNA synthesis from transcription to replication.
Produtos e serviços de informação para negócios no Brasil: características

Informacoes sobre mercados, companhias, produtos, estatisticas e legislacao, denominadas "informacoes para negocios", sao muito pouco exploradas no Brasil, e essa area de estudos encontra-se desorganizada no pais. A demanda por produtos e servicos de informacao para negocios cresce gradativamente, em funcao da necessidade das empresas de acompanhar o mercado em constante mudanca. O objetivo deste projeto, desenvolvido em nivel de iniciacao cientifica, e caracterizar e analisar produtos e servicos de informacao sobre mercado existentes no pais, identificando organizacoes publicas e privadas que desenvolvam atividades voltadas para essa area. Os resultados demonstram algumas caracteristicas dos produtos e servicos identificados no que diz respeito aos tipos de empresas atendidas, ao âmbito de atendimento, a produtos e servicos mais requisitados e seu formato de apresentacao, a maneira como o cliente chega ate o prestador de servicos, a comercializacao e conteudo dos produtos e servicos e tambem as fontes de informacao utilizadas em sua elaboracao.
Progressive Band Selection of Spectral Unmixing for Hyperspectral Imagery

A new band selection (BS), called progressive BS (PBS) of spectral unmixing for hyperspectral imagery is being presented. It is quite different from the traditional BS in the sense that the former adapts the number of selected bands, p to various endmembers used for spectral unmixing, while the latter fixes the value of p at a constant for all endmembers. Due to the fact that different endmembers post various levels of difficulty in discrimination, each endmember should have its own custom-selected bands to specify its spectral characteristics. In order to address this issue, p is composed of two values, one value determined by virtual dimensionality to accommodate each of endmembers and the other is determined by a new concept of band dimensionality allocation to account for discrminability among endmembers. In order to find appropriate bands to be used for PBS, band prioritization and band de-correlation are included to rank bands according to significance of band information and to remove interband redundancy, respectively. As a result, spectral unmixing can be performed progressively by selecting different bands for various endmembers, a task that the traditional BS cannot accomplish. The effectiveness and advantages of using PBS over BS are also demonstrated by experiments.
[Study on antioxidant activity of constituents from mulberry leaf].

OBJECTIVE To study the chemical constituents with antioxidant activity from mulberry leaf. METHODS Siliga gel column chromatography was used to isolate, and their structures were identified by spectras. METHODS Isolated constituents were tested in vitro for antioxidant activity against 1, 1-diphenyl -2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and 2, 2' -azino-bis (3-ethylbenzthiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS+) radicals. RESULTS Four known flavonoids were isolated from mulberry leaf and their structures were identified as kaempferol-3-O-beta-D-glucopyranoside (I), quercetin-3-O-beta-D-glucopyranoside (II), quercitrin (III), morin-3-O-beta-D-glucopyranoside (IV). All these compounds showed DPPH and ABTS+ radicals scavenging activity. CONCLUSION Compound IV has the strongest ABTS+ radicals scavenging effects.
Autoantibodies to Prostasomes as New Markers for Prostate Cancer

Prostate cancer is one of the leading causes of cancer-related death among men. Given the varying clinical course and the long natural history of the disease, it is important to have good diagnostic and prognostic markers. Prostate specific antigen (PSA) is currently the best marker for the detection of prostate cancer, but in many cases it does not reveal whether metastases have appeared. Since metastases of prostate cancer release prostasomes, which are immunogenic secretory granules of both normal and neoplastic prostate cells, we checked whether anti-prostasome antibodies will appear when the cancer is metastasing. In a pilot study, all 13 patients with serum PSA between 50-500 μ/L had anti-prostasome antibodies, while 39 healthy controls with low PSA values showed background values. There was no overlapping, i.e. the upper range value of controls did not reach the lower range value of patients.
Simulation of a Moving Boundary in Plasma Electron Sources

The numerical algorithms and the software package to model the electro-optical systems with a moving plasma emitter are developed. The proposed algorithms are based on the method of the computational region decomposition. The main point of the method is a computational area divided into two subregions: near-cathode subregion and main subregion. The solution in the near-cathode subregion is found analytically whereas its determination in the main subregion is via numerical methods. The problem to find the position and shape of a plasma boundary is defined as the problem of solving the nonlinear Poincare–Steklov equations. These equations are obtained by the conjugation conditions for an electric field potential and its derivatives on the boundary between the near-cathode and main subregions. These equations are approximated by the system of nonlinear operator equations that is solved by the efficient version of the descent method. This paper provides examples of the methodological and practical problem solutions.
Genetic relationships between carcass quality and wool production traits in Australian Merino rams.

The heritability of carcass quality traits and the genetic correlations between wool production and these carcass quality traits were estimated on 829 Merino rams. The results showed that carcass quality traits are moderately heritable but pH, yellowness and redness appears to be lowly heritable. Strong genetic relationships were found between the meat colour and wool production traits that was independent on body or carcass weight.
NMR Relaxation Times of Blood: Dependence on Field Strength, Oxidation State, and Cell Integrity

The variation with field strength or interecho interval of the T1 and T2 relaxation times of oxyhemoglobin (HbO2), deoxyhemoglobin (Hb), and methemoglobin (MHb) in either intact or lysed red blood cells was studied with a variable field (0.19–1.4 T) nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy unit. The T2 relaxation time of intracellular HbO2 decreased slightly with increasing field strength and interecho interval. The T2 relaxation times of intracellular Hb and MHb decreased markedly with increasing field strength and interecho interval. This T2 proton relaxation enhancement increased as the square of the applied field strength and was 1.6 times stronger for intracellular MHb than for intracellular Hb. The T2 relaxation enhancement is secondary to the loss of transverse phase coherence of water protons that diffuse across cellular magnetic field gradients. These field gradients occur when an external field is applied to a region with gradients of magnetic susceptibility. The heterogeneity of magnetic susceptibility is caused by the heterogeneous distribution (only intracellular) of the paramagnetic molecules (Hb or MHb). The T2 relaxation times of red cell lysates (homogeneous magnetic susceptibility) were independent of field strength or interecho interval. There was a decrease in the T1 relaxation times when the red cells were lysed. This may be due to an increase in the slow motional components of water molecules, because of the decrease in the average distance between water and hemoglobin molecules in the lysate. The Tl relaxation times of all the MHb samples were shortened because of proton-electron dipolar-dipolar relaxation enhancement. All the Tl relaxation times increased with increasing field strength.
Polymerization and Sickle Cell Disease: A Molecular View

The present molecular‐level understanding of polymerization and sickling is reviewed for 2 central questions in sickle hemoglobin pathophysiology, viz., what determines when cells sickle, and what determines when cells get stuck. The description of sickling includes the central aspects of the double nucleation mechanism, as well as recent results on the effects of crowding, with an emphasis on the physiological applicability of this fundamental knowledge. In considering when cells get stuck, new measurements of individual fiber stiffness and the processes of depolymerization are also considered. Finally, a fundamental connection is shown between thermodynamics and rheology.
Discrete approximations to local times for reflected diffusions

We propose a discrete analogue for the boundary local time of reflected diffusions in bounded Lipschitz domains. This discrete analogue, called the discrete local time, can be effectively simulated in practice and is obtained pathwise from random walks on lattices. We establish weak convergence of the joint law of the discrete local time and the associated random walks as the lattice size decreases to zero. A cornerstone of the proof is the local central limit theorem for reflected diffusions developed in [7]. Applications of the join convergence result to PDE problems are illustrated.
Structure of bovine pancreatic trypsin inhibitor. Results of joint neutron and X-ray refinement of crystal form II.

The structure of form II crystals of bovine pancreatic trypsin inhibitor has been investigated by joint refinement of X-ray and neutron data. Crystallographic R factors for the final model were 0.200 for the X-ray data extending to 1 A resolution and 0.197 for the 1.8 A neutron data. This model was strongly restrained, with 0.020 A root-mean-square (r.m.s.) departure of bond lengths from their ideal values and 0.019 A r.m.s. departure of planar groups from planarity. The resulting structure was very similar to that of crystal form I (r.m.s. deviation for main chain atoms was 0.40 A); nevertheless larger deviations were observed in particular regions of the chain. Twenty out of 63 ordered water molecules occupy similar positions (deviation less than 1 A) in both models. Eleven amide hydrogens were found to be protected from exchange after three months of soaking the crystals in deuterated mother liquor at pH 8.2. Their locations were in excellent agreement with the results obtained by two-dimensional nuclear magnetic resonance, but the rates of exchange are much lower in the crystalline state.
Optimized Load Balancing based Task Scheduling in Cloud Environment

The fundamental issue of Task scheduling is one important factor to load balance between the virtual machines in a Cloud Computing network. However, the optimal broadcast methods which have been proposed so far focus only on cluster or grid environment. In this paper, task scheduling strategy based on load balancing Quantum Particles Swarm algorithm (BLQPSO) was proposed. The fitness function based minimizing the makespan and data transmission cost. In addition, the salient feature of this algorithm is to optimize node available throughput dynamically using MatLab10A software. Furthermore, the performance of proposed algorithm had been compared with existing PSO and shows their effectiveness in balancing the load.
Testosterone action on skeletal muscle

Purpose of reviewTo highlight recent data demonstrating direct anabolic effects of androgens on the mammalian skeletal muscle and review the mechanisms by which testosterone regulates body composition. Recent findingsTestosterone increases lean body mass and decreases fat mass in young men; the magnitude of the changes induced by testosterone in lean and fat mass are correlated with testosterone dose and the prevalent testosterone concentrations. Older men are as responsive to the anabolic effects of testosterone on the muscle as young men, but have increased frequency of adverse events with higher testosterone doses. This reciprocal change in lean and fat mass induced by androgens is best explained by the hypothesis that androgens promote the commitment of mesenchymal pluripotent cells into myogenic lineage and inhibit adipogenesis through an androgen receptor mediated pathway. Resident muscle satellite cells increase in number with testosterone administration forming myoblasts leading to greater numbers of myonuclei in larger myofibers. Testosterone administration is associated with increased size of motor neurons. The roles of 5-α reduction and aromatization of testosterone into dihydrotestosterone and estradiol, respectively, in mediating testosterone effects on body composition are poorly understood. SummaryTestosterone induces skeletal muscle hypertrophy by multiple mechanisms, including its effects in modulating the commitment of pluripotent mesenchymal cells. These changes in skeletal muscle lead to improved muscle strength and leg power; however, further studies are needed to determine the effects of testosterone on physical function and health-related outcomes in sarcopenia associated with aging and chronic illness.
Computational Intelligence for Big Social Data Analysis [Guest Editorial]

The articles in this special section focus on computational intelligence for big social data analytics. In the eras of social connectedness and social colonization, people are becoming increasingly enthusiastic about interacting, sharing, and collaborating through online collaborative media. In recent years, this collective intelligence has spread to many different areas, with particular focus on fields related to everyday life such as commerce, tourism, education, and health, causing the size of the Social Web to expand exponentially. The distillation of knowledge from such a large amount of unstructured information, however, is an extremely difficult task, as the contents of today's Web are perfectly suitable for human consumption, but remain hardly understandable to machines. Big social data analysis grows out of this need and combines multiple disciplines such as social network analysis, multimedia management, social media analytics, trend discovery, and opinion mining.
Liderlik Tarzlarının Güven ve Adalet Algısı Yoluyla Örgütsel Bağlılık, İş Tatmini ve Örgütsel Vatandaşlık Davranışı Üzerine Etkileri

Liderlik tarzlarinin orgutsel baglilik, is tatmini ve orgutsel vatandaslik davranisi ile iliskisine adalet algisi ve guven ara degiskenlerinin etkisini konu alan bu makale, bir meta-analiz calismasidir. Makalenin hazirlanmasi icin genis bir literatur taramasi yapilmis ve bu konuda hazirlanmis calismalar incelenmistir. Meta-analiz calismasi ile ulasilan sonuclar, liderlik tarzlari, orgutsel adalet algilari, guven algisi, orgutsel vatandaslik davranisi, orgutsel baglilik ve is tatmini degiskenleri arasinda iliskilerin bulundugunu gostermistir. Orgutsel adalet ve guven algisinin, liderlik tarzlari ile diger uc degisken (orgutsel vatandaslik davranisi, orgutsel baglilik ve is tatmini) iliskisinde bir ara degisken oldugu saptanmistir. Bu calismanin sonucunda, bahsedilen iliskileri ozetleyen teorik bir model olusturulmus ve bazi onermeler gelistirilmistir
Control of the release of digestive enzymes in the cricket Gryllus bimaculatus and the fall armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda

In Gryllus bimaculatus , more digestive enzymes (amylase, trypsin, aminopeptidase) are secreted in the caecum of fed crickets than in unfed crickets, but the enzymes are released continuously at a basal rate in unfed animals. The rate of synthesis of the enzymes appears to parallel their rate of release. Digestive enzymes are released in response to a specific ratio of nutrients, although a high nutrient component in the food does not necessarily induce a high digestive enzyme release for that component. Rinsed flat-sheet preparations of the caecum are incubated with specific nutrients (carbohydrates and proteins) and various concentrations of a neuropeptide (type-A allatostatin), which affects generally the basal rates of secretion. Both maltose and glucose increase the release of amylase in vitro , but starch produces an inhibition of amylase release at lower concentrations. Bovine serum albumin (BSA), peptone and a mixture of amino acids have almost no effect on the release of aminopeptidase or carboxypeptidase, and only low concentrations of peptone increase trypsin release. High concentrations of both BSA and peptone strongly inhibit trypsin activity, perhaps by excess substrate binding to the trypsin active site. The allatostatin Grybi-AST 5 elevates the release of amylase in vitro , but not of trypsin or aminopeptidase, in 2-day-old fed females. In the caeca from 1-day-old unfed crickets, both amylase and the trypsin release are stimulated in the presence of AST 5. The paracrine AST 5 is probably released from the gut endocrine cells and binds to the enzyme-producing caecal cells.
Energy analysis reveals the negative effect of delays in passive movement mirror therapy

Abstract Wavelet transform energy analyses of the mean and standard error of the electromyogram (EMG) and electroencephalogram (EEG) of eight subjects were investigated in passive movement mirror therapies with no delay (in-phase) and with delay (out-of-phase) situations in two frequency bands of 7.81–15.62 and 15.62–31.25 Hz. It was found that the energy levels of EEG at electrode C4 in the in-phase situation were lower than those in out-of-phase situations, while the energy levels of flexor and extensor forearm muscle groups were larger. With two exceptions, this pattern could be seen in all other subjects. The difference between the in-phase (D0) and out-of-phase situations (D025 and D05) for the frequency range of 15.62–31.25 Hz was found to be significant at a significance level of 0.05 (paired t-test analysis). The respective elevation and decline of EEG and EGM with regard to the increase of the delay may indicate the necessity for synchronization of passive movement and mirror therapy.
Carrot or stick?: an investigation into motivation orientations in learning English among Hong Kong Chinese students

This paper publishes the results of a study of Hong Kong Chinese upper secondary students (Form 4 and Form 6) regarding their motivation orientations for learning English. The study analysed male and females student groups using Gardner and Lambert's (1972) 'extrinsic and intrinsic motivation' theoretical framework in order to elicit the most revealing results from the data. Findings will have meaningful implications for pedagogy, helping educators identify strategies more appropriate to distinct Chinese-speaking second-language student groups.
Neuropathology of preclinical and clinical lateonset Alzheimer's disease

We report on the neuropathological examinations of a 74‐year‐old woman with Alzheimer's disease (AD) and of her 47‐year‐old nondementd daughter. The brain of the mother showed fully developed pathological changes of AD. By contrast, the brain of the daughter revealed only perineuronal deposition of diffuse amyloid in cerebral cortex and striking abnormalities of the endosomallysosomal system, without neurofibrillary, glial, or microglial changes. These observations suggest that amyloid deposition and endosomal‐lysosomal changes are early events in late‐onset AD and that they may precede the onset of dementia of several decades.
Proposing scalable method for music genre classification

Music, a vital part of our lives from long time. It is a one of the type of multimedia and much online music content distribution vendors are providing very large database of musical libraries for streaming and downloading services. Classification of audio files by genres have a significant role in management of music. Music genre classification helps in organizing, searching and retrieving musical content. It is also used for music recommendation system. In this paper, music genre classification using serial execution and parallel execution is implemented. For both serial and parallel execution, feature vector is extracted from mel-frequency cepstral coefficients (MFCC) and some other features and support vector machine (SVM) is used for genre classification. The classification accuracy of the proposed single-node system is 88.40%. The paper mainly focuses on multi-node system and how it can be useful to improve performance of large musical database. Apache Spark enables fast processing of data in hadoop clusters. It also allows to persist data in memory. Spark have support of machine learning, graph processing and SQL queries.