Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Effects of Betahistine on the Development of Vestibular Compensation after Unilateral Labyrinthectomy in Rats

Background: Vestibular compensation (VC) after unilateral labyrinthectomy (UL) consists of the initial and late processes. These processes can be evaluated based on the decline in the frequency of spontaneous nystagmus (SN) and the number of MK801-induced Fos-positive neurons in the contralateral medial vestibular nucleus (contra-MVe) in rats. Histamine H3 receptors (H3R) are reported to be involved in the development of VC. Objective: We examined the effects of betahistine, an H3R antagonist, on the initial and late processes of VC in UL rats. Methods: Betahistine dihydrochloride was continuously administered to the UL rats at doses of 100 and 200 mg/kg/day using an osmotic minipump. MK801 (1.0 mg/kg) was intraperitoneally administered on days 7, 10, 12, and 14 after UL, while Fos-positive neurons were immunohistochemically stained in the contra-MVe. Results: The SN disappeared after 42 h, and continuous infusion of betahistine did not change the decline in the frequency of SN. The number of MK801-induced Fos-positive neurons in contra-MVe significantly decreased on days 7, 10, and 12 after UL in a dose-dependent manner in the betahistine-treated rats, more so than in the saline-treated rats. Conclusion: These findings suggest that betahistine facilitated the late, but not the initial, process of VC in UL rats.
A Multispectral and Multiangle 3-D Convolutional Neural Network for the Classification of ZY-3 Satellite Images Over Urban Areas

The recent availability of high-resolution multiview ZY-3 satellite images, with angular information, can provide an opportunity to capture 3-D structural features for classification. In high-resolution image classification over urban areas, objects with diverse vertical structures make urban landscape more heterogeneous in 3-D space and consequently can make the classification challenging. In this article, a novel multiangle gray-level cooccurrence tensor feature is proposed based on the multiview bands of the ZY-3 imagery, namely, GLCMMA–T. The GLCMMA–T feature captures the distributions of the gray-level spatial variation under different viewing angles, which can depict the 3-D textures and structures of urban objects. The spectral and GLCMMA–T tensor features are interpreted by two 3-D convolutional neural network (CNN) streams and then concatenated as the input to the fully connected layer. This novel multispectral and multiangle 3-D convolutional neural network (M2-3-DCNN) combines the spectral and angular information, and the fused feature has the potential to provide a comprehensive description of urban objects with complex vertical structures. The experimental results on ZY-3 multiview images from four test areas indicate that the proposed method can significantly improve the classification accuracy when compared with several state-of-the-art multiangle features and deep-learning-based image classification methods.
Cobalt Oxide Nanomaterials by Vapor-Phase Synthesis for Fast and Reversible Lithium Storage

The design and assembly of suitable nanosystems are key issues in the development of smaller and more efficient lithium batteries. To this regard, cobalt oxides possess very favorable properties for use as negative electrode materials. In this work, we describe a convenient synthesis route to cobalt oxide nanomaterials (both single- and mixed-phase CoO and Co3O4) supported on Ti. The systems are grown by chemical vapor deposition starting from an innovative second-generation molecular source, Co(hfa)2·TMEDA (hfa = 1,1,1,5,5,5-hexafluoro-2,4-pentanedionate, TMEDA = N,N,N′,N′-tetramethylethylenediamine). Controlled variations of the substrate temperature and O2 pressure in the reaction atmosphere enabled tailoring both the phase composition and the system morphology. The electrochemical properties of the obtained nanosystems were evaluated by galvanostatic measurements and impedance spectroscopy. The results showed excellent cycling performances and very high specific capacity values, offering attractive pe.
Understanding optical emissions from electrically stressed insulating polymers: electroluminescence in poly(ethylene terephthalate) and poly(ethylene 2,6-naphthalate) films

Wear-out and breakdown of polymers used as insulating materials are closely related to the dissipation of electrostatic energy in space charge regions. A fraction of this energy is radiated off by electroluminescence which can be considered as a pre-breakdown warning and provides a probe to investigate the mechanisms leading to structural degradation. Electroluminescence emission from two aromatic polyesters is studied - poly(ethylene terephthalate) and poly(ethylene 2,6-naphthalate). We investigate the excitation processes of the luminescent centres, the nature of the centres, and the relationship of the emission features to electrical ageing. Sample electroluminescence is excited by dc and ac voltages under a uniform field configuration. The discussion relies on the analysis of the charge transport process in the luminescent regime, the acquisition of electroluminescence and photoluminescence spectra, and the investigation of the field effect on photoluminescence.
Glycolipid Biomaterials: Solid-State Properties of a Poly(sophorolipid)

Structural complexity inherited from a microbial synthesis of glycolipids was translated into unique poly(sophorolipid) biomaterials. ROMP polymerization of natural diacetylated lactonic sophorolipids gave a high molecular weight polymer with asymmetric bola-amphiphilic repeating units. The poly(sophorolipid) chain alternates C18 oleic-like aliphatic segments (90% cis-configured double bonds) with bulky diacetylated disaccharide moieties. The solid-state properties were investigated by means of TGA, DSC, TMDSC, and variable-temperature X-ray diffraction. The poly(sophorolipid) is a solid at room temperature that undergoes the glass transition at 61 °C and melts at 123 °C. The crystal phase is associated with ordered packing of the aliphatic chain segments. The semicrystalline poly(sophorolipid) also displays a long-range order (d = 2.44 nm) involving sophorose groups that is found to persist after crystal phase melting (in high-T diffractograms) with a slightly shortened distance (2.27 nm). Upon annealing.
Debye–Waller factor for elemental crystals

A simple model for the Debye–Waller factor is proposed which is based on the familiar high- and low-temperature expansions and allows one to determine this quantity at an arbitrary temperature with a typical accuracy of 2 to 3%. The coefficients in the model are determined from phonon density-of-states curves obtained from neutron inelastic scattering measurements and are tabulated for 43 elements with the f.c. c. , b.c.c. , h.c. p. and diamond structures.
Synchronous Rectification for LLC Resonant Converter: An Overview

LLC resonant converter is one of the most popular isolated dc/dc converters owning to its advantages of simple control, wide voltage gain regulation capability, and soft switching operation. Nevertheless, high efficiency and high power density are always the goals for LLC converters. To further increase the conversion efficiency, the synchronous rectification (SR) technology is adopted, where the uncontrolled diodes on the secondary side are replaced with SR MOSFETs. Due to the extreme low on-state resistance value for SR MOSFET, considerable secondary rectifier conduction loss reduction can be achieved; thus, the system efficiency is improved. Tremendous SR driving strategies for LLC converter have been proposed. However, comprehensive overview and insight comparisons among these different driving strategies are lacking. Therefore, the main purpose of this article is to present a comprehensive overview for SR driving strategies and answer the following four questions: 1) Why is SR important for LLC converter? 2) How to generate the SR MOSFET driving signal? 3) What are the advantages and disadvantages? 4) What is the future work regarding SR driving strategy?
Self‐consistent molecular orbital methods. XVII. Geometries and binding energies of second‐row molecules. A comparison of three basis sets

Three basis sets (minimal s–p, extended s–p, and minimal s–p with d functions on second row atoms) are used to calculate geometries and binding energies of 24 molecules containing second row atoms. d functions are found to be essential in the description of both properties for hypervalent molecules and to be important in the calculations of two‐heavy‐atom bond lengths even for molecules of normal valence.
Walk towards sustainability: Improved neighbourhood street connectivity helps

Walking is important for human health, and street connectivity has been considered as an important attribute to enhance walking. Although street connectivity has been investigated widely in this field of study, the effects of street connectivity on walking have not been investigated with gated neighborhoods’ perspective. Therefore, this study’s objectives are comparing connectivity in gated and non-gated neighborhoods and investigating the association of connectivity with total walking in developing countries. Space Syntax (axial map) has been used to calculate connectivity in 16 neighborhoods, of Karachi, Pakistan. Neighborhood Physical Activity Questionnaire (NPAQ) has been used (n= 1,042 adults) to calculate total walking. Independent sample t-test has been used to check the differences in connectivity and total walking between gated and non-gated neighborhoods, while cross-tabulation (gamma test) has been used to analyze the association. The results show that connectivity and total walking are higher in non-gated neighborhoods than gated neighborhoods, and there is a small but significant association between connectivity and total walking. It indicates that total walking may be correlated to connectivity, therefore, it should be taken into account while designing neighborhoods.
Subcellular information processing in the olfactory system

The nervous system is tasked with the challenge of processing a variety of sensory stimuli from the environment with limited coding space and energy consumption. Recent findings challenge the traditional view of the neuron as the elementary functional unit of the nervous system, in which dendrites mainly serve as input sites, and action potential propagation through axons generates output. Instead, individual neurites have emerged as the single functional unit capable of computing inputs and generating outputs locally. Despite recent advances, the link between the mechanisms that facilitate local computations and their behavioural relevance remains unclear. I addressed this problem in Drosophila Melanogaster. The anatomical organisation of the mushroom body, a brain region associated with learning, has a compartmentalised architecture that forms the basis for local computations. My project studied subcellular signalling in the mushroom body and its role in memory formation, with emphasis on the non-spiking APL neuron that is involved in sparse odour coding and memory formation, to determine if it operates locally. To investigate this, I addressed the following points. 1. I investigated the nature of activity spread in the APL neuron. I found that input to the APL neuron evokes activity that attenuates as it propagates, supporting local computations. 2. I characterised the spatial nature of inhibition from the APL neuron onto mushroom body neurons. I found that the inhibition had a strong local effect that diminished with distance. 3. I sought to determine if there are spatial differences in the APL neuron’s response to electric shock, and if plasticity in the APL neuron is similarly spatially distinct. I found that electric shock responses are spatially distinct, but my data on plasticity was inconclusive. 4. I investigated the effects of local muscarine signalling on Kenyon cell odour responses. I found that muscarine signalling has spatially distinct effects.
Effect of Positive Psychological Capital on Care worker' Enthusiasm - Focused on the Mediated Effect of Job Stress -

The purpose of this study is empirically to analyze the mediated effects of job stress on the influence of positive psychological capital of care workers’ enthusiasm. The research method was self_report questionnaire was completed by 383 careworkers at care homes for the elderly in the Seoul metropolitan area between December 10th, 2018 to January 11th, 2019. and date analyzed using the IBM AMOS 22.0 program. As a result, First, positive psychology capital has been shown to have a negative effect on job stress. Second, positive psychology capital has been shown to have a positive effect on the enthusiasm of care workers. Third, job stress has been shown to have a negative effect on the enthusiasm of care workers. Fourth, in the relationship between positive psychology capital and care worker’s enthusiasm, job stress revealed that it had a partial mediated effect. This means that positive psychological capital of the care workers has a negative effect on job stress, and the job stress, which has been negatively effected by positive psychological capital, has a positive mediated effect on the enthusiasm of the worker. ■ keyword :∣Care Worker∣Positive Psychology Capital∣Job Stress∣Worker Enthusiasm∣Mediated Effect∣ 접수일자 : 2020년 07월 28일 수정일자 : 2020년 09월 02일 심사완료일 : 2020년 09월 02일 교신저자 : 김광호, e-mail : kkhmath@hanmail.net 한국콘텐츠학회논문지 '20 Vol. 20 No. 11 570
Institute for Community Leadership Case Study: Grassroots Authentic Leader Development Program

Since 2004 the Institute for Community Leadership (ICL) program has empowered grassroots community members to step up to the challenge of leading in today’s turbulent times. This article presents a case study of the ICL leadership development program for adult learners seeking to serve their community as authentic servant-oriented leaders. To appreciate what ICL has accomplished during its 15-plus years, it is necessary to review the theoretical bases of leadership development, ICL’s historical background, its purposes and goals, current activities, past achievements, outcomes and observations, and discussion and conclusions.
Secure Hot Path Crowdsourcing With Local Differential Privacy Under Fog Computing Architecture

Crowdsourcing plays an essential role in the Internet of Things (IoT) for data collection, where a group of workers is equipped with Internet-connected geolocated devices to collect sensor data for marketing or research purpose. In this article, we consider crowdsourcing these worker's hot travel path. Each worker is required to report his real-time location information, which is sensitive and has to be protected. Encryption-based methods are the most direct way to protect the location, but not suitable for resource-limited devices. Besides, local differential privacy is a strong privacy concept and has been deployed in many software systems. However, the local differential privacy technology needs a large number of participants to ensure the accuracy of the estimation, which is not always the case for crowdsourcing. To solve this problem, we proposed a trie-based iterative statistic method, which combines additive secret sharing and local differential privacy technologies. The proposed method has excellent performance even with a limited number of participants without the need of complex computation. Specifically, the proposed method contains three main components: iterative statistics, adaptive sampling, and secure reporting. We theoretically analyze the effectiveness of the proposed method and perform extensive experiments to show that the proposed method not only provides a strict privacy guarantee, but also significantly improves the performance from the previous existing solutions.
Modeling of Complex Planetary Gear Sets Using Power-Oriented Graphs

In this paper, a systematic approach for the dynamic modeling of complex planetary gear sets is presented. The approach relies upon a set of rules for building the system matrices and vectors of the system full dynamic model for any planetary gear set. A congruent state-space transformation is applied to obtain a reduced-order rigid model of the system, which allows for faster simulations. The behavior of the tangential forces accounting for the gears interactions is proven to be obtained from the reduced-order model. Furthermore, the kinematic relations of the considered planetary gear set are automatically generated when developing the reduced-order rigid model. As an example, two systems of interest in the vehicle industry are then modeled with the proposed approach and simulated in Matlab/Simulink: a Ravigneaux planetary gear set and a double-stage planetary gear set.
A Battery-Less Energy Platform for Low-Power Energy Sources Powering Multiple Loads

This brief presents a battery-less energy platform that supports simultaneously multiple loads and receives energy from a single ambient energy source merely. The proposed work can operate in either the burst or continues mode operation; thus, the platform achieves a wide dynamic load range from 1 <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\mu \text{W}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> to 284 mW. The proposed work, implemented with off-the-shelf components, achieves a peak efficiency of 65.63% and regulates outputs to roughly 3.7 V. As compared to prior works, the proposed work achieves the widest dynamic load range (284,<inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$000\times $ </tex-math></inline-formula>), operates in both the burst and the continuous mode supporting multiple loads without relying on the battery as well as meets the goal of self-sustainability, i.e., no need of extra power source (e.g., battery) other than the ambient energy source.
Antibacterial Activity of Positively and Negatively Charged Hematite (α-Fe2O3) Nanoparticles to Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus and Vibrio fischeri

In the current study, the antibacterial activity of positively and negatively charged spherical hematite (α-Fe2O3) nanoparticles (NPs) with primary size of 45 and 70 nm was evaluated against clinically relevant bacteria Escherichia coli (gram-negative) and Staphylococcus aureus (gram-positive) as well as against naturally bioluminescent bacteria Vibrio fischeri (an ecotoxicological model organism). α-Fe2O3 NPs were synthesized using a simple green hydrothermal method and the surface charge was altered via citrate coating. To minimize the interference of testing environment with NP’s physic-chemical properties, E. coli and S. aureus were exposed to NPs in deionized water for 30 min and 24 h, covering concentrations from 1 to 1000 mg/L. The growth inhibition was evaluated following the postexposure colony-forming ability of bacteria on toxicant-free agar plates. The positively charged α-Fe2O3 at concentrations from 100 mg/L upwards showed inhibitory activity towards E. coli already after 30 min of contact. Extending the exposure to 24 h caused total inhibition of growth at 100 mg/L. Bactericidal activity of positively charged hematite NPs against S. aureus was not observed up to 1000 mg/L. Differently from positively charged hematite NPs, negatively charged citrate-coated α-Fe2O3 NPs did not exhibit any antibacterial activity against E. coli and S. aureus even at 1000 mg/L. Confocal laser scanning microscopy and flow cytometer analysis showed that bacteria were more tightly associated with positively charged α-Fe2O3 NPs than with negatively charged citrate-coated α-Fe2O3 NPs. Moreover, the observed associations were more evident in the case of E. coli than S. aureus, being coherent with the toxicity results. Vibrio fischeri bioluminescence inhibition assays (exposure medium 2% NaCl) and colony forming ability on agar plates showed no (eco)toxicity of α-Fe2O3 (EC50 and MBC > 1000 mg/L).
TYK2 Promoter Variant Is Associated with Impaired Insulin Secretion and Lower Insulin Resistance in Japanese Type 2 Diabetes Patients

Accumulating evidence has suggested that viral infection causes type 1 diabetes due to direct β-cell damage and the triggering of autoimmune reactivity to β cells. Here, we elucidated that the tyrosine kinase 2 (Tyk2) gene, encoding an interferon receptor signaling molecule, is responsible for virus-induced diabetes in mice, and its promoter variant confers a risk of type 1 diabetes in humans. This study investigated the relationship between a TYK2 promoter variant (TYK2PV) and insulin secretion in type 2 diabetes patients. TYK2PV status was determined using direct DNA sequencing and its associations with fasting insulin, C-peptide, and homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) were evaluated in type 2 diabetes patients without sulfonylurea or insulin medication. Of the 172 patients assessed, 18 (10.5%) showed TYK2PV-positivity. Their body mass index (BMI) was significantly lower than in those without the variant (23.4 vs. 25.4 kg/m2, p = 0.025). Fasting insulin (3.9 vs. 6.2 μIU/mL, p = 0.007), C-peptide (1.37 vs. 1.76 ng/mL, p = 0.008), and HOMA-IR (1.39 vs. 2.05, p = 0.006) were lower in those with than in those without the variant. Multivariable analysis identified that TYK2PV was associated with fasting insulin ≤ 5 μIU/mL (odds ratio (OR) 3.63, p = 0.025) and C-peptide ≤ 1.0 ng/mL (OR 3.61, p = 0.028), and also lower insulin resistance (HOMA-IR ≤ 2.5; OR 8.60, p = 0.042). TYK2PV is associated with impaired insulin secretion and low insulin resistance in type 2 diabetes. Type 2 diabetes patients with TYK2PV should be carefully followed in order to receive the appropriate treatment including insulin injections.
Electro-Optic Slot Waveguide Phase Modulator on the InP Membrane on Silicon Platform

For the first time, we present an electro-optic slot waveguide phase modulator on the InP membrane on Silicon (IMOS) platform. Low-frequency characterization of this modulator shows that it can achieve a <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$ {V}_{ {\pi }} {L}_{ {\pi }}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> product as low as 4.5 V.mm and an extinction ratio equal to 10.6 dB. The 3-dB optical bandwidth of this modulator is measured to be 10.5 GHz. Here, working principles, design, fabrication, measurements, analysis of the electrical and electro-optic performance and prospects of this modulator are presented.
Statistical single-cell analysis of cell cycle-dependent quantum dot cytotoxicity and cellular uptake using a microfluidic system

This paper reports a novel method for the statistical analysis of quantum dot (QD) cytotoxicity and cellular uptake based on single cell cycles, which is part of a series of works on the study of QD cytotoxicity using a microfluidic system (Lab Chip, 2012, 12, 3474–3480; 2013, 13, 1948–1954). The specially designed microfluidic system consisted of a polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) microwell array for single-cell arrangement and microchannels for QD solution diffusion, enabling effective control of stable cell density and the interdistance between them, as well as maintaining a constant QD concentration with no disturbance of the fluids which can affect cellular uptake. We showed that the treatment of QDs had no influence on cell cycles. However, the QD cytotoxicity was found to be dependent on cellular uptake in various cell cycle phases, because the accumulation and dilution of QDs happened in single cell cycles. The rank of QD cytotoxicity was G2/M > S > G0/G1. Thus, this technology could serve as a new strategy to investigate otherwise inaccessible mechanisms governing nanoparticle cytotoxicity.