Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Cross-sectional analysis of anatomical shape change over time via statistics on 4D within-subject ﬂows

Anatomical shape change over time is a biomarker for tracking disease progression. Given a database of anatomical images where each subject is represented by a time-series of images that have been acquired over time, algorithms for estimation of longitudinal progression of morphometric changes over time are required to address 1) the common practical issue where not all subjects are sampled at uniform and homogenous time instants, and 2) the fact that the baseline image for each subject is diﬀerent hence changes with respect to baseline for each subject are with respect to a diﬀerent starting frame of reference. To address the ﬁrst issue, we have previously shown how to estimate the ﬂow of vector ﬁelds interpolating through the given time-series of followup images starting from each subject‘s baseline image in the large deformation dif-feomorphic metric matching (LDDMM). In this work, we show one way of addressing issue 2, namely, the normalization of the 4D within-subject ﬂows estimated with respect to individual baseline images into a common central template. We apply this method on the hippocampus shape taken from a small database of 5 controls and 5 cognitively-impaired no dementia (CIND) subjects that underwent magnetic resonance (MR) imaging every 3-6 months over 2 years. The time-series images for each subject were segmented for extracting the hippocampus using an automated multi-atlas segmentation method, and these were used to generate the longitudinal within-subject ﬂow of vector ﬁelds with reference to the baseline shape. Then, these ﬂows
Exploration of Security in Wireless Sensor Network

: Remote Sensor Networks (WSN) is a rising advancement and well ordered it is pulling in the thought of researchers with its testing characteristics and separated application space. The more researchers endeavor to develop energize cost and imperativeness capable figuring devices and counts for WSN, the even more troublesome it gets the opportunity to be to fit the security of WSN into that obliged condition. Nevertheless, security is fundamental to the achievement of applying WSN. Thusly, shared trait with the security parts of WSN is essential before arranging WSN structure. In this paper, we survey the state of providing security issues and challenges and sensor networks, craftsmanship in anchoring remote sensor frameworks. We review a couple of traditions that give security in sensor frameworks. Moreover, this examination records the striking attacks at the Network layer of WSN. Even though there are many securing algorithms, there are many issues taking place. And the challenges of scalability, quality of network services, Authenticating, energy, working system, to centralized network and reducing the capacity and providing availability and scalability support from blasting issues of sensor networks. In this paper there are the challenges compared to other referred experiments to solve the previous advocating problems and requirements of sensors networks.
Disinflation and credibility effects: the Swedish case

The interaction between financial markets in Sweden, on the one hand, and the real economy and the inflation process, on the other, has probably changed substantially in recent years due to the change from a fixed to a floating exchange rate regime with an explicit inflation target. There are several aspects of special importance. First, the adoption of an inflation target that differs markedly from the historical inflation rates in the seventies and eighties generated credibility effects that differed both in size and nature from effects associated with devaluation expectations in the fixed exchange rate regime. Moreover, uncertainties regarding the evolution of public finances have evidently reinforced these credibility effects.
A SURVEY ON IMAGE DENOISING WITH 2-D FIR FILTER

: Different factors may be responsible for introduction of noise in the image insufficient light levels and sensor temperature may introduces noise in the image ,the image may also corrupted due to interference in the transmission channel, the noise in the image can also be introduced if dust particles are present on the scanner screen. Filtering in an image processing is a basic function that is used to perform many tasks such as noise reduction. Images are corrupted by random and unnecessary variations in intensity values called noise due to non perfect camera acquisition or environmental conditions.
Rethinking the Distributional Effects of Economic Globalization in Nigeria: A Focus on Income Inequality

The development effects of economic globalization have remained a source of controversy in macroeconomic debate. Thus, this paper provides insights into the distributional effects of economic globalization in Nigeria between 1986 and 2017 with a focus on income inequality. The sub-indexes of economic globalization comprising actual flows and restrictions which followed the KOF globalization framework form basis for the disaggregation of economic globalization. In addition to the sub-indexes of economic globalization, financial integration was introduced into the model as part of the explanatory variables. Annual time series data on the variables were analyzed using descriptive statistics, dynamic least squares (DOLS) and pairwise Granger causality test. It was found that actual flows have significant positive relationship with income inequality. A percentage increase in actual flows will, on the average, lead to about 1.215 percent increase in income inequality. This finding suggests that increased flow of trade, FDI, portfolio investment and income payments to foreign nationals are the main explanations for growing income gap in Nigeria. It however, contrasts with the postulation of Heckscher-Ohlin model and Stopler-Samuelson theorem that globalization is helpful for reducing income inequality in developing countries. The result further reveals that insignificant negative relationship exist between economic restrictions and income inequality over the study period. The pairwise causality shows that unidirectional causality flows from income inequality to actual flows. Given the findings, it is recommended that policy makers should ensure that the increasing wave of economic globalization provides opportunities for more equal spread of incomeamongst the Nigerian population.
COMPARISON OF LANDSCAPE, PATCH, AND LOCAL HABITAT EFFECTS ON RISK OF PREDATION OF ARTIFICIAL WILD

Eastern wild turkeys (Meleagris gallopavo silvestris; hereafter, turkeys) often show preference for nesting near forest–field edges. Increasing landscape fragmentation, particularly in the eastern United States, has provided abundant edges but has also contributed to increased predator densities, many of which forage along edges. To better understand implications of turkeys nesting in fragmented landscapes, we investigated relationships between risk of predation on nests and habitat characteristics related to landscape fragmentation at multiple scales (local nest site, patch, and surrounding 5-km-radius landscape) within 3 ecological regions of New York State. During 2001, we established 495 artificial nest sites, each containing 2 chicken eggs, along transects within 12 study areas and measured habitat variables at nest site, patch scales, and within the surrounding landscape. We hypothesized 3 scale-specific mechanisms responsible for habitat effects on nest predation: a local response, where predation rates are greater at nest sites with less cover; a patch-scale response, where predation rates are greater near edges due to predator activity; and a landscape-scale response, where increased predator density in fragmented landscapes leads to greater predation rates. We evaluated a set of logistic regression mixed models for each scale and for all scales combined. At the local scale, shrub density was negatively related to predation risk, while cover around nests was positively related to predation risk. At the patch scale, forest age, type, and distance to edge were important predictors. At the landscape scale, complexity of patch shapes was inversely related to predation risk, while edge density was positively related. Model selection results provided support for all 3 hypotheses. However, landscape variables had the most weight in the multiple-scale model set. In addition, landscape edge density influenced habitat variables at nest sites. Comparison of standardized coefficients indicated predation was influenced more by landscape edge density and patch shape complexity than other covariates. Overall, our results suggest that habitat configuration influenced risk of nest predation at multiple scales, but landscape scale played a larger role than other scale effects. Our findings further suggest that assessments of habitat suitability for turkeys could benefit from considering landscape-scale configuration of habitat types, including spatial relationships between nesting and brood-rearing habitat. Proceedings of the National Wild Turkey Symposium 11:271–282
CAFM: A 3D Morphable Model for Animals

We present Cat-like Animals Facial Model (CAFM) - a 3D Morphable Model (3DMM) constructed from 50 samples, including lion, tiger, puma, American Shorthair, Abyssinian cat, etc. To the best of our knowledge, CAFM is the first animal morphable model ever constructed. New animal face images can be registered automatically by fitting pose and shape parameters of CAFM. Moreover, the parametric model regulates the naturalness of the generated animal faces avoiding unreasonable appearance.Computer vision has recently experienced great advances in automatic facial landmark detection. In this paper, to demonstrate CAFM’s application to 3D reconstruction of cat face images, and to put effort towards uniform annotation scheme of immense databases and fair experimental comparison of cat-like animals’ facial landmark systems, we improve the labeled cat face data set of10,000 images with 15 landmarks. Besides, we propose an algorithm matching our model to the input cat face images. With the projection parameters and shape parameter of CAFM, we can generate corresponding 3D meshes.
Anti-Hyperglycaemic Activity and Antioxidant Properties of Pepper Waste and Fruit

The objective of this study was to determine content of major antioxidants, antioxidant activity, and anti-hyperglycaemic activity in different fractions (seeds, peel, and fruit) of 7 pepper cultivars. Peppers were examined for their total phenolic (TP), total flavonoid (TF), total carotenoid (TC) contents, and antioxidant activity using a DPPH assay. The inhibitory activity of pepper fractions against yeast α-glucosidase and porcine pancreatic α-amylase were used to determine anti-hyperglycaemic activity. Red point pepper had the highest TP content and Kapya pepper had the highest TF content. Red peppers showed higher carotenoid content than green peppers, and the peel fraction of all cultivars had significantly (P < 0.05) higher TP levels. These results show that removal of pepper seeds during home cooking and processing, results in loss of antioxidant capacity; therefore, it is important to consume peppers along with their seeds in order to attain maximum health benefits.
Remote Sensing of Environment

Scientific contributions from remote sensing over the last fifty years have significantly advanced our understanding of urban areas. Key contributions of urban remote sensing include but are not limited to characterization of urban areas, urban land cover changes and thermal remote sensing of urban climates. Today, the proliferation of new sensors, long time series of the satellite record, joint analysis of Earth observation data with ancillary data sets, widespread availability of high-performance computing facilities, and slow but increasing use of remote sensing data and methods in non-remote sensing fields together offer new opportunities to generate scientific knowledge for an urbanizing planet. Simultaneously, the scale and pace of contemporary urbanization require new information about urban areas from both the science and policy communities. This paper examines remote sensing contributions to the scientific understanding of urban areas over the last 50 years until today. Based on this assessment and current needs by user communities, we identify four strategic directions for future urban remote sensing research: high temporal frequency analysis, characterization of urban heterogeneity, characterization of urban form and structure in two and three dimensions, and linking remote sensing with emerging urban data. Advances in these four areas are likely to generate significant new insights that will be useful to both science and policy.
Highly sensitive detection of estradiol by a SERS sensor based on TiO2 covered with gold nanoparticles

We propose the use of gold nanoparticles grown on the surface of nanoporous TiO2 films as surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) sensors for the detection of 17β-estradiol. Gold deposition on top of a TiO2 surface leads to the formation of nanoparticles the plasmonic properties of which fulfil the requirements of a SERS sensor. The morphological and optical properties of the surface were investigated. Specifically, we demonstrate that the TiO2 background pressure during pulsed laser deposition and the annealing conditions offer control over the formation of Au nanoparticles with different sizes, shapes and distributions, yielding a versatile sensor. We have exploited the surface for the detection of 17β-estradiol, an emerging contaminant in environmental waters. We have found a limit of detection of 1 nM with a sensitivity allowing for a dynamic range of five orders of magnitude (up to 100 µM).
Prediction of Students Academic Performance Using K-Means and K-Medoids Unsupervised Machine Learning Clustering Technique

— the capacity to screen the advancement for students’ academic execution is a basic issue of the academic Group from claiming higher Taking in. An arrangement to dissecting students’ comes about dependent upon group dissection and utilization standard measurable calculations with organize their scores information as stated by the level about their execution may be portrayed. In this paper, we also actualized k-mean and K-Medoids grouping algorithm for examining students’ consequence information. Those model might have been consolidated for those deterministic model should dissect those students’ effects of a private foundation clinched alongside % Iberia which is a great standard with screen the progression of academic execution about people for higher institutional to the reason for making an successful choice by those academic organizers.
Studying the affecting factors on suggestion system

Present study is conducted to identify affecting factors on suggestion system. To achieve this aim, research subject was studied in the format of investigating suggestion system literature in both domestic and foreign texts. The result was to achieve research conceptual model which involves 15 suggestion system dependent and 14 independent variables. Based on conceptual model, factor measurement questionnaire was devised and distributed among research sample. Then, the questionnaire were completed, collected and analyzed by SPSS software package. Collected data was analyzed by path analysis and also linear regression analysis. The findings indicate that among identified factors as affecting ones on suggestion system, aid to grow, implement and execute employees’ ideas have the highest direct impact on suggestion system.
Health Vulnerabilities among the Disaster Affected Children in Coastal Area of Bangladesh

The goal of the study was to investigate the health vulnerabilities among the disaster affected children in coastal area of Bangladesh. Bangladesh is one of the disaster prone areas in the world. Disaster occurs here almost each and every year. As a result, the people of our country especially the children face different problems due to natural disaster. Health problem is the most of them. To achieve the objectives, 125 children (90 boys and 35 girls) were selected by random sampling, from two villages naming Kalabogi and Sarbatkhali under Dacope upazila in Khulna district from January to June 2016. It was an explanatory study by which the face to face interview administered with an interview schedule on the children below the age of 18 years. The findings of the study described that most of the children of the study area were very much physically vulnerable which lead them with bad health condition. Most of the children (82.4%) used hanging latrine and a significant portion of the children (37.6%) washed their hands after toileting by the ash. So, it is high time GOs and NGOs initiated programs on water supply, sanitation, hygienic practices, and proper medical facilities in this area for their better condition.
Implementation of DiploCloud Architecture to improve efficiency of managing RDF Data in Cloud

—The primary motivation behind the Project is to learn by encountering a pragmatic workplace and apply the information obtained amid scholastics in a certifiable situation. Managing RDF (Resource Description Framework) data is still challenging issue in cloud. RDF enciphers hard graphs combining data of ‘instance’ and ‘schema’. ‘Sharding such data’ uses built in methods or graph partitioning handled by traditional min-cut algorithms, drags highly extravagant operations and huge quantity of joins. DiploCloud Architecture is depicted as a proficient and versatile conveyed RDF data management system. In opposition to earlier methodologies, DiploCloud runs ‘physiological’ examination of data before slicing it. Here, the architecture of DiploCloud is explained along with its fundamental data structures which will increase the performance twice the normal loads. (Abstract)
Seeding success: Increasing agricultural technology adoption through information

With over half of working adults in sub-Saharan Africa employed in agriculture, improving agricultural productivity is an important way to raise living standards. This brief focuses on mechanisms to encourage the adoption of better farming technologies – broadly defined to include improved agricultural practices, inputs, crop varieties, and other products like crop insurance or innovative lending products – to increase agricultural productivity and improve livelihoods. Agricultural productivity is a key driver of rural employment, industrialisation, and growth. Despite its potential to dramatically increase yields, however, the adoption of agricultural technologies in Africa remains very low. In the 1960s and 70s, the Green Revolution brought improved technologies and productivity gains to farmers in many developing countries but largely bypassed sub-Saharan Africa. Further, while numerous studies and field trials have demonstrated large potential productivity gains from agricultural technologies such as hybrid seeds and fertiliser, their usage remains strikingly low in Africa. The rates of fertiliser use in sub-Saharan Africa are one-eighth the worldwide average, with Africa accounting for only 3% of global fertiliser consumption in 2013 (FAO, 2015). Despite recent progress in some areas, rates of agricultural productivity in many African countries have fallen or remained stagnant in recent years. This brief explores the question: what can be done to encourage farmers to adopt profitable agricultural technologies? Our focus is on the role of knowledge and information in supporting technology uptake. We extract findings from the latest research and propose some strategies to overcome technology adoption constraints. KEY MESSAGES:
A Correlation Study on Health Related Quality of Life and Coping Strategy among Multiple Sclerosis Patients

Background: Multiple Sclerosis (MS) is a relatively common neurological disorder in which various impairments and disabilities impact strongly on health related quality of life and coping strategy. This study aimed to describes the correlation on health related quality of Life and coping strategy among multiple sclerosis patients. A descriptive correlation design was used for conducting this study. This study was conducted at the Neurology out patient's clinic at Nasser institute for research and treatment. A convenience sample was consisted of 60 patients, aged from 20 to 50 years. The patients included in the study fulfilled the following criteria: Multiple sclerosis diagnoses with no complain of other disease who visited the neurology outpatient clinic at Nasser institute for research and treatment. Four tools were used to achieve the objective of the study: 1-Patients' socio-demographic characteristic, 2-Multiple Sclerosis Quality of Life -54 (MSQOL-54), 3Coping Orientation for Problem Experiences Scale (COPE), 4Profile of Mood States (POMS). The result of the present study shows significant correlation between physical health problems and health related quality of life, also shows highly significant correlation between COPE subscale, mood statues and multiple sclerosis disease. It was concluded that the majority of multiple sclerosis patients had health related quality of life and satisfactory coping. There is a significant relationship between the health related quality of life and coping strategies of multiple sclerosis patients. It was recommended that heath team member should be well-informed about multiple sclerosis, available treatments and rehabilitation. [Hoda Ahmed Hussein and Zienab Mohamed Ibrahim. A Correlation Study on Health Related Quality of Life and Coping Strategy among Multiple Sclerosis Patients. J Am Sci 2017;13(2):34-42]. ISSN 1545-1003 (print); ISSN 2375-7264 (online). http://www.jofamericanscience. org. 5. doi:10.7537/marsjas130217.05. Key word: Multiple sclerosis, health related quality of life, coping strategies
Human capital in the operating department : the significance of academic qualifications to the operating theatre workforce

The pre-registration preparation of health care professionals for work in the operating department is in a transformative period. Now firmly entrenched in higher education, the professions are pursuing a policy of graduate entry based on a discourse underpinned by human capital theory. The impact of the introduction of graduate entry to nursing and Operating Department Practice (ODP) is explored in the context of the role of these professional groups in the operating department. A purposive sample of ODPs and theatre nurses participated in a survey, which was followed up with semi-structured interviews with a purposive sample of ODPs and theatre nurses, from each of the salary Bands 5 – 8. The findings from the study provide an original contribution to the field of education in three areas. First is a reconceptualisation of human capital theory which acknowledges both organisational and individual factors as determinants of participation in further education and training. Human capital theory is repositioned as a multidimensional model which maintains and builds on Becker’s (1993) original conceptualisation. Second is an insight into professionalisation at an individual practitioner level, which is linked to the red queen hypothesis to explain individual actions and reactions to the introduction of graduate entry. Third, a recommendation for review of the pre-registration training for ODPs and nurses is made, based on how the practitioners in this study developed their body of professional knowledge and contextualised clinical experience.