Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Analysis of Differential Expression Patterns of mRNA and Protein During Cold-acclimation and De-acclimation in Arabidopsis*

Overwintering plants are capable of exhibiting high levels of cold tolerance, which is acquired through the process of cold acclimation (CA). In contrast to CA, the acquired freezing tolerance is rapidly reduced during cold de-acclimation (DA) and plants resume growth after sensing warm temperatures. In order to better understand plant growth and development, and to aid in the breeding of cold-tolerant plants, it is important to decipher the functional mechanisms of the DA process. In this study, we performed comparative transcriptomic and proteomic analyses during CA and DA. As revealed by shotgun proteomics, we identified 3987 peptides originating from 1569 unique proteins and the corresponding mRNAs were analyzed. Among the 1569 genes, 658 genes were specifically induced at the transcriptional level during the process of cold acclimation. In order to investigate the relationship between mRNA and the corresponding protein expression pattern, a Pearson correlation was analyzed. Interestingly, 199 genes showed a positive correlation of mRNA and protein expression pattern, indicating that both their transcription and translation occurred during CA. However, 226 genes showed a negative correlation of mRNA and protein expression pattern, indicating that their mRNAs were transcribed during CA and were stored for the subsequent DA step. Under this scenario, those proteins were specifically increased during DA without additional transcription of mRNA. In order to confirm the negative correlation of mRNA and protein expression patterns, qRT-PCR and western blot analyses were performed. Mitochondrial malate dehydrogenase 1 (mMDH1) exhibited a negative correlation of mRNA and protein levels, which was characterized by CA-specific mRNA induction and protein accumulation specifically during DA. These data indicate that the expression of specific mRNAs and subsequent accumulation of corresponding proteins are not always in accordance under low temperature stress conditions in plants.
Consumers’ acceptability of organic food in Spain: Results from an experimental auction market

Organic production and its consumption have grown tremendously in recent years. However, in the case of Spain demand still represents only 1 per cent of food expenditure. The main obstacle seems to be that organic food faces problems related to consumers’ acceptability; lack of food availability and seasonality make it difficult to establish appropriate retailing outlets; also, higher costs of production and retailer margins jointly may result in higher prices than consumers are willing to pay for organic food attributes. Research studies have mostly elicited consumers’ willingness‐to‐pay (WTP) for organic food through contingent valuation. Alternatively, explores, using an experimental second‐price sealed‐bid auction, the value that consumers place on organic food and the effect that information included on ecolabel and physical appearance have on their WTP. This methodological approach involves the use of real money and real products, which, in fact, may overcome the hypothetical bias detected in previous studies. Also discusses the effect on WTP of consumers’ demographic characteristics and lifestyles, as well as attitudes towards food safety and buying behaviour. Results show, that as more accurate information is offered, consumers’ acceptability of labelled organic food products increases; and that WTP is highly correlated with consumption habits variables.
Extent and Characteristics of Retail Fresh Beef Branding

Limited information exists regarding the extent and characteristics of branded fresh beef. Retail package data from a sample of grocery stores in three metropolitan areas enabled determining the extent of branded beef for ground beef, roasts, and steaks. Logit models identified factors affecting the probability of beef products being branded, and the probability of beef products carrying specific types of brands compared with store brands and generic (unbranded) beef. The extent of branded beef and type of brand both varied by store type, specific product, quality designation, package type, and presence of special labeling.
Pretransplant hepatitis C virus infection and its effect on the post‐transplant course of living renal allograft recipients

Background: Hepatitis C virus infection (HCV) is a main health problem in end‐stage renal disease (ESRD) patients. The effect of pretransplant HCV infection on survival among ESRD patients who have undergone renal transplantation is controversial. We report the results of a large monocenter study that evaluated the effect of hepatitis C on the patient, and on graft survival in renal‐transplanted patients who received living donated allograft.
Implicit Memory, Perception and the Rapid Deployment of Visual Attention and Action

Abstract : The learning of the deployment of transient attention is an entirely new yet robust phenomenon. We found that it is mediated by a unique primitive short term memory system which learns features, not objects. Yet it is object centered and not retinotopic. This learning is graded, incremental and short lived. We also investigated longer term perceptual learning: very short naps during the afternoon can enhance perceptual learning dramatically, that in some cases beneficial effects are as good as a whole nights sleep. We suggest that for a nap to be beneficial it must contain both SWS and REM. In terms of a neurophysiological substrate, the learning must be occurring in the early visual areas because the effects are restricted to the specific visual quadrants stimulated. The other main focus of the work has been the role of learning of attentional deployment on motor behavior, in particular arm movements. There seems to be a direct coupling between the deployment of focal attention and action, the speed of motor activities is determined by the deployment of focal attention. Less expected, are results indicating that the planning and execution of motor actions are not separable. Decisions are often countermanded by mid%stream changes in motor actions with little cost in speed or accuracy indicating that the combined brain and motor plant is adept at parallel processing of simultaneous motor commands.
Venture Capital Industry in Finland - Country Report for the Venture Fun Project

This report is a descriptive account of the major features of the Venture Capital (VC) Industry in Finland. It has been prepared as a background report for a project entitled Venture Fun, carried out in an EU Network of Excellence PRIME and funded from the Sixth Framework Programme. The report provides a brief overview of the evolution and present structures of the VC industry in Finland, and draws attention to factors that affect the development of VC industry, among others, to the nature of policies pursued in this field. One of its observations is the fact that the primary rationale for policies has been closing the early phase funding gap for start-ups, the promotion of SMEs, regional development or other socio-economic objectives, rather than the promotion of VC industry. As a result, policy measures have tended to be permanent, not temporary, since the objectives are difficult to achieve in a fixed time period. Furthermore, the policies pursued have made a separation of the monetary and non-monetary value-adding functions of VC, and only recently have acknowledged the value of the latter for the growth of high-tech start-ups.
Global Progress and Challenges in Implementing New Medications for Treating Multidrug-Resistant Tuberculosis

Two new drugs—bedaquiline and delamanid—have recently been approved by stringent regulatory authorities to treat multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (TB) and recommended by the World Health Organization for use under defined programmatic conditions. Introducing the medications in TB programs worldwide has not kept pace with the need for these drugs. In response, the DR-TB STAT (Drug-Resistant TB Scale-up Treatment Action Team) task force was formed in April 2015 to monitor progress and help overcome challenges. Information was collected from multiple sources and assessed monthly. Some progress has been made in introducing bedaquiline: as of October 2015, a total of 1,258 persons were on the medication under programmatic conditions. For delamanid, >100 patients, but few under programmatic conditions, have received the medication. Coordinated global action might help assist making these medications accessible for persons who need them most.
Groundwater Quality Protection: A Guide for Water Utilities, Municipal Authorities and Environment Agencies

This publication provides guidance to water-sector decision makers and planners on how to deal with the quality dimension of groundwater resources management in the World Bank's client countries. There is growing evidence of increasing pollution threats to groundwater and some well-documented cases of irreversible damage to important aquifers. This guide has been produced in the belief that groundwater pollution hazard assessment must become an essential part of environmental best practice for water supply utilities. The guide is particularly relevant for the World Bank's Latin American and Caribbean Region, where many countries have initiated major changes to modernize their institutional and legal framework for water resources management, but may not yet have considered groundwater at the same level as surface water, because of lack of awareness and knowledge of groundwater issues and policy options.
Oncological and functional outcome of periosteal osteosarcoma

Background: Periosteal osteosarcoma is an uncommon variant of osteosarcoma which constitutes less than 2% of all osteosarcomas. Whereas adequate surgical excision remains the cornerstone of treatment, the role of chemotherapy in this tumor is still unclear. Existing literature contains very few single center studies on the outcomes for periosteal osteosarcomas and any additional information will help in better understanding of these uncommon lesions. This study aims to evaluate the oncologic and functional outcomes of treatment of periosteal osteosarcoma treated at our institute. Materials and Methods: A retrospective analysis of 18 cases of periosteal osteosarcoma treated between January 2001 and December 2010 was carried out. There were 12 males and 6 females. The mean age at presentation was 16.3 years (range 5–26 years). Tibia and femur were the most common sites ( n = 8). 16 of 18 patients received chemotherapy, 16 had limb sparing resection, one had an amputation and one had rotationplasty. Of the 16 patients with limb salvage, conventional wide excision was done in 11 cases. In 5 cases tumor was excised with hemicortical excision. Of the 11 cases treated with wide excisions, 4 patients underwent an osteoarticular resection and in 7 patients a joint preserving segmental intercalary resection was done. Results: All patients were available for followup. Surgical margins were free in all patients. A good response to chemotherapy was seen in 4/11 cases and poor in 6/11 cases. In one case the histological response was not discernible due to predominant chondromyxoid nature of the tumor. The median followup was 61 months (range: 18–130 months). There were two local recurrences (11%) at 9 and 18 months postsurgery. Pulmonary metastasis subsequently occurred in 4 cases (22%). Fourteen patients are currently alive and continuously disease free. Disease free survival at 5 years was 77.8% and overall survival (OVS) was 83.3%. Patients without marrow involvement had a better OVS at 5 years when compared with patients with marrow involvement (90% vs. 75%) ( P = 0.23). Conclusion: Surgical excision remains the mainstay of treatment. Intramedullary involvement may suggest aggressive disease biology. The role of chemotherapy is still debatable and multicenter studies are needed to provide guidelines.
Design and Implementation of Personal Preference Module on Web Service

As the Internet has been growing, WWW(World Wide Web) based services were popularized and users using the service were increased excessively. To support these environments, a processing of many transactions became an essential consideration. There are many researches regarding the user profiling on web services to support those transactions effectively. Most of them are just for grasping the comsumer's preferences. However, a trend of recent web service is not limited what they are doing between consumers and providers; a consumer can become a provider and also a provider can become a consumer virtual open environments such as open market on the internet. For this reason, it is necessary to inspect a preference of consumers as well as providers one. In this paper, we proposed personal preference tree(PPT) reflecting the preferences for providers and implemented the module applying to the web service, and evaluated the applicability the personal preference module through a simulation.
Kirramyces viscidus sp. nov., a new eucalypt pathogen from tropical Australia closely related to the serious leaf pathogen, Kirramyces destructans

Kirramyces destructans is a serious pathogen causing a leaf, bud and shoot blight disease of Eucalyptus plantations in the subtropics and tropics of South-East Asia. During surveillance of eucalypt taxa trials in northern Queensland, symptoms resembling those of K. destructans were observed on Eucalyptus grandis and E. grandis × E. camaldulensis. Phylogenetic and morphological studies revealed that the Kirramyces sp. associated with these symptoms represents a new taxon described here as K. viscidus sp. nov., which is closely related to K. destructans. Plantation assessments revealed that while E. grandis from the Copperload provenance, collected in northern Queensland, recovered from disease, E. grandis × E. camaldulensis hybrids from South America were highly susceptible to infection by K. viscidus and are not recommended for planting in northern Queensland. Preliminary results suggest the fungus probably originates from Australia. K. viscidus is closely related to K. destructans and causes a disease with similar symptoms, suggesting that it could seriously damage Australian eucalypt plantations, especially those planted off-site.
Mitochondrial Hormesis links nutrient restriction to improved metabolism in fat cell

Fasting promotes longevity by reprogramming metabolic and stress resistance pathways. However, although the impact on adipose tissue physiology through hormonal inputs is well established, the direct role of fasting on adipose cells is poorly understood. Herein we show that white and beige adipocytes, as well as mouse epididymal and subcutaneous adipose depots, respond to nutrient scarcity by acquiring a brown-like phenotype. Indeed, they improve oxidative metabolism through modulating the expression of mitochondrial-and nuclear-encoded oxidative phosphorylation genes as well as mitochondrial stress defensive proteins (UCP1, SOD2). Such adaptation is placed in a canonical mitohormetic response that proceeds via mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (mtROS) production and redistribution of FoxO1 transcription factor into nucleus. Nuclear FoxO1 (nFoxO1) mediates retrograde communication by inducing the expression of mitochondrial oxidative and stress defensive genes. Collectively, our findings describe an unusual white/beige fat cell response to nutrient availability highlighting another health-promoting mechanism of fasting.
Firms and industrial organization in Japan

Preface and Acknowledgements - Introduction and Summary - PART 1: SMALL BUSINESS AND DIVISION OF LABOUR: The Dual Structure, A Gap between Image and Reality of Small Business, and Subcontracting Relationship - Monopoly, Corporate Profits, and the Dual Structure - The Image and Reality of Small Business and Small Business Policies - Supplier-Assembler Relationships in the Automobile Industry - PART 2: FINANCIAL MARKET: Loan-Concentration, Main Banks, and the Corporate-Group-View - Economic Analysis of the 'Loan-Concentration Mechanism' -'Main Bank' and Its Functions - An Anatomy and Critique of the 'Corporate-Group-View' - PART 3: INDUSTRIAL POLICY - 'Industrial Policy' of Japan: A Beginner's Guide - Economic Consequences of Investment Coordination in the Steel Industry - Coordination within Industry: Output, Price, and Investment - PART 4: INTRAFIRM ORGANIZATION AND INTERFIRM RELATIONSHIPS - Corporate Governance in Japanese Firms: The Body of Employees as the Controlling Group and Friendly Shareholders - Interfirm Relationships - Conclusion - Reference - Index
High Retention Among HIV-infected Children in Rwanda During Scale-up and Decentralization of HIV Care and Treatment Programs, 2004 to 2010

Background: Efforts to scale-up HIV treatment in high burden countries have resulted in wider access to care, improved survival and decreased morbidity for HIV-infected children. The country of Rwanda has made significant achievements in expanding coverage of pediatric HIV services. Methods: We describe the extent of and factors associated with mortality and lost to follow-up (LTF) in children (<15 years) enrolled in HIV care at 39 ICAP-supported facilities across Rwanda from 2004 to 2010 by antiretroviral treatment (ART) status. We estimated the 1-year cumulative incidence of death and LTF among all children enrolled in care (pre-ART) and children on ART. Survival analysis was used to evaluate factors associated with death and LTF in both groups. Results: Between January 2004 and June 2010, 3244 children with a median age of 5.7 years (interquartile range 2.8–9.6) enrolled in HIV care. One-year cumulative incidence for death and LTF among pre-ART children was 4% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 3–5%) and 5% (95% CI: 4–6%), respectively. Overall, 2035 (63%) children initiated ART, median age 6.3 years (interquartile range 3.3–10.4): 1-year Kaplan–Meier estimates of death and LTF were 3% (95% CI: 3–4%) and 1% (95% CI: 1–2%), respectively. Factors associated with an increased hazard for death among pre-ART children included being <18 months old versus ≥5 years (adjusted sub hazard ratio [aSHR] = 4.4, 95% CI: 2.9–6.8) and World Health Organization stage IV versus I (aSHR = 4.1, 95% CI: 2.0–8.4), whereas children entering care through prevention of mother-to-child transmission had lower hazard than those from voluntary counseling and testing (aSHR = 0.50, 95% CI: 0.25–1.0). Markers of advanced disease, including severe immunosuppression (aSHR = 0.25, 95% CI: 0.12–0.54), and enrollment in care in rural versus urban clinics (aSHR = 0.71, 95% CI: 0.53–0.97) were protective against LTF. For children on ART, factors associated with hazard of death included younger age (adjusted hazard ratio [aHR] <18 months versus ≥5 years = 2.1, 95% CI: 1.3–3.6), severe malnutrition versus not malnourished (aHR = 3.2, 95% CI: 1.3–8.1), advanced World Health Organization stage (aHR IV versus I = 9.8, 95% CI: 3.5–27.4) and severe immunodeficiency versus no evidence (aHR = 2.3, 95% CI: 1.7–3.3). No associations were observed with LTF among children on ART. Conclusions: The results demonstrate very high retention among children enrolled in HIV care in Rwanda. Younger children continue to be particularly vulnerable, underscoring the urgent need for early identification, rapid treatment initiation and long-term retention in care.
Mining approximate roles under important assignment

Role Based Access Control (RBAC) has become the de facto access control model in recent years. In order to deploy RBAC, organizations have to define a set of roles from the existing user-permission assignment relationships, the process of which is called role mining. There have been many role mining algorithms proposed to devise a complete and correct set of roles which may not be very important because the user-permission assignment relationships are dynamic. This paper defines the δ-Approx Important Role Mining Problem (d-IRMP) which is proved to be NP-complete and proposes a heuristic bottom-up role mining algorithm that reduces the total number of roles with important assignments preserved at first. Furthermore, experiments were carried out with publicly available datasets to evaluate the approach and the results compared with other algorithms demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm.
Automatic Ecg Using Xml data Processing to Identify the Type of Heart Disease A.Snighdha me Cse.gkm College of Engineering and Technology Chennai, India

Electrocardiography is the recording of electrical activity of the heart. Existing methodology focuses on diagnosing cardiac abnormalities by using xml ontology to identify the type of disease acquired. A schema of ontology is generated on basis of cardiac diagnosis report prediction with start, peak and end points of the ECG curve measured with its x and y axis positions. A xml schema is the description of type of xml document typically expressed in terms of constraints on the structure and contents of the documents. A xml schema is generated from the generated ontological schema records for easy mapping for the input electrocardiographic data. The resultant of existing system is the diagnosis report of input electrocardiographic data. The resultant sort out the possible abnormalities with the advent of the pulse rate estimated in the ECG curve.The proposed system incorporates the technique of automatic generation of diagnosis report with the ECG image. A validation process is incorporated in the proposed system to remove the noisy information from the inputted image as it deceives the accuracy of the diagnosis report. An ontological schema is used to identify cardiac prediction of curves. Existing system involves inappropriate diagnosis as the inputted image may contain noisy information which may lead to false disease prediction. The proposed system overcomes the problem of false disease prediction by validating the image using histogram validation.
Integrated Plan to Augment Surge Capacity

Abstract Introduction: Surge capacity is defined as a healthcare system's ability to rapidly expand beyond normal services to meet the increased demand for appropriate space, qualified personnel, medical care, and public health in the event of bioterrorism, disaster, or other large-scale, public health emergencies. There are many individuals and agencies, including policy makers, planners, administrators, and staff at the federal, state, and local level, involved in the process of planning for and executing policy in respect to a surge in the medical requirements of a population. They are responsible to ensure there is sufficient surge capacity within their own jurisdiction. Problem: The [US] federal government has required New York State to create a system of hospital bed surge capacity that provides for 500 adult and pediatric patients per 1 million population, which has been estimated to be an increase of 15–20% in bed availability. In response, the New York City Department of Health and Mental Hygiene (NYC DOH) has requested that area hospitals take an inventory of available beds and set a goal to provide for a 20% surge capacity to be available during a mass-casualty event or other conditions calling for increased inpatient bed availability. Methods: In 2003, under the auspices of the NYC DOH, the New York Institute of All Hazard Preparedness (NYIHP) was formed from four unaffiliated, healthcare facilities in Central Brooklyn to address this and other goals. Results: The NYIHP hospitals have developed a surge capacity plan to provide necessary space and utilities. As these plans have been applied, a bed surge capacity of approximately 25% was identified and created for Central Brooklyn to provide for the increased demand on the medical care system that may accompany a disaster. Through the process of developing an integrated plan that would engage a public health incident, the facilities of NYIHP demonstrate that a model of cooperation may be applied to an inherently fractioned medical system.