Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
LOFAR/H-ATLAS: the low-frequency radio luminosity-star formation rate relation

Radio emission is a key indicator of star formation activity in galaxies, but the radio luminosity–star formation relation has to date been studied almost exclusively at frequencies of 1.4 GHz or above. At lower radio frequencies, the effects of thermal radio emission are greatly reduced, and so we would expect the radio emission observed to be completely dominated by synchrotron radiation from supernova-generated cosmic rays. As part of the LOFAR Surveys Key Science project, the Herschel-ATLAS NGP field has been surveyed with LOFAR at an effective frequency of 150 MHz. We select a sample from the MPA-JHU catalogue of Sloan Digital Sky Survey galaxies in this area: the combination of Herschel, optical and mid-infrared data enable us to derive star formation rates (SFRs) for our sources using spectral energy distribution fitting, allowing a detailed study of the low-frequency radio luminosity–star formation relation in the nearby Universe. For those objects selected as star-forming galaxies (SFGs) using optical emission line diagnostics, we find a tight relationship between the 150 MHz radio luminosity (L150) and SFR. Interestingly, we find that a single power-law relationship between L150 and SFR is not a good description of all SFGs: a broken power-law model provides a better fit. This may indicate an additional mechanism for the generation of radio-emitting cosmic rays. Also, at given SFR, the radio luminosity depends on the stellar mass of the galaxy. Objects that were not classified as SFGs have higher 150-MHz radio luminosity than would be expected given their SFR, implying an important role for low-level active galactic nucleus activity.
Phosphodiesterase 2 Mediates Redox-Sensitive Endothelial Cell Proliferation and Angiogenesis by Thrombin via Rac1 and NADPH Oxidase 2

Cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterases (PDEs) control the levels of the second messengers cAMP and cGMP in many cell types including endothelial cells. Although PDE2 has the unique property to be activated by cGMP but to hydrolyze cAMP, its role in endothelial function is only poorly understood. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) have been recognized as signaling molecules controlling many endothelial functions. We thus investigated whether PDE2 would link to ROS generation and proliferative responses in human umbilical vein endothelial cells in response to thrombin. Thrombin stimulated the GTPase Rac1, known to activate NADPH oxidases, and enhanced ROS formation, whereas PDE2 inhibition or depletion by short hairpin (sh)RNA prevented these responses. Similar observations were made with 8-Br-cGMP or atrial natriuretic peptide. In agreement, thrombin elevated cGMP but decreased cAMP levels, whereas db-cAMP or forskolin diminished Rac1 activity and ROS production. Subsequently, PDE2 overexpression activated Rac1, increased ROS generation, and enhanced proliferation and in vitro capillary formation. These responses were not observed in the presence of inactive Rac1 or shRNA against the NADPH oxidase subunit NOX2. Inhibition or depletion of PDE2 also prevented thrombin-induced proliferation and capillary formation. Importantly, downregulation of PDE2 by lentiviral shRNA or PDE2 inhibition prevented vessel sprouting from mouse aortic explants and in vivo angiogenesis in a mouse model, respectively. In summary, PDE2 promotes activation of NADPH oxidase-dependent ROS production and subsequent endothelial proliferation and angiogenesis. Targeting PDE2 may provide a new therapeutic approach in diseases associated with endothelial dysfunction, oxidative stress, vascular proliferation, and angiogenesis.
Seven-day remote ischemic preconditioning improves local and systemic endothelial function and microcirculation in healthy humans.

BACKGROUND Ischemic preconditioning (IPC) protects tissue against ischemia-induced injury inside and outside ischemic areas. The purpose was to examine the hypothesis that daily IPC leads to improvement in endothelial function and skin microcirculation not only in the arm exposed to IPC but also in the contralateral arm. METHODS Thirteen healthy, young, normotensive male individuals (aged 22±2 years) were assigned to 7-day daily exposure of the arm to IPC (4×5 minutes). Assessment of brachial artery endothelial function (using flow-mediated dilation (FMD)) and forearm microcirculation (cutaneous vascular conductance (CVC) at baseline and during local heating) was performed before and after 7 days to examine the local (i.e., intervention arm) and remote (i.e., control arm) effect of IPC. We repeated the assessment tests 8 days after the intervention (Post+8). RESULTS FMD increased after repeated IPC (P = 0.03) and remained significantly elevated at Post+8 in the intervention (5.0±2.2%, 6.1±2.2%, and 6.6±2.3%) and contralateral arms (5.4±2.2%, 6.0±2.2%, and 7.5±2.2%). Forearm CVC also increased following repeated IPC (P = 0.006) and remained elevated at Post+8 in both arms (intervention: 0.12±0.03, 0.14±0.04, 0.16±0.04 mV/mm Hg; contralateral: 0.14±0.04, 0.015±0.04, 0.17±0.07). No interaction between IPC arm and time was evident for FMD and CVC (both P > 0.05). IPC intervention did not alter CVC responses to local heating (P > 0.05). CONCLUSIONS Daily exposure to IPC for 7 days leads to local and remote improvements in brachial artery FMD and resting skin microcirculation that remain after cessation of the intervention and beyond the late phase of protection. These findings may have clinical relevance for micro- and macrovascular improvements.
Genome-wide analysis of basic/helix-loop-helix gene family in peanut and assessment of its roles in pod development

The basic/helix-loop-helix (bHLH) proteins constitute a superfamily of transcription factors that are known to play a range of regulatory roles in eukaryotes. Over the past few decades, many bHLH family genes have been well-characterized in model plants, such as Arabidopsis, rice and tomato. However, the bHLH protein family in peanuts has not yet been systematically identified and characterized. Here, 132 and 129 bHLH proteins were identified from two wild ancestral diploid subgenomes of cultivated tetraploid peanuts, Arachis duranensis (AA) and Arachis ipaensis (BB), respectively. Phylogenetic analysis indicated that these bHLHs could be classified into 19 subfamilies. Distribution mapping results showed that peanut bHLH genes were randomly and unevenly distributed within the 10 AA chromosomes and 10 BB chromosomes. In addition, 120 bHLH gene pairs between the AA-subgenome and BB-subgenome were found to be orthologous and 101 of these pairs were highly syntenic in AA and BB chromosomes. Furthermore, we confirmed that 184 bHLH genes expressed in different tissues, 22 of which exhibited tissue-specific expression. Meanwhile, we identified 61 bHLH genes that may be potentially involved in peanut-specific subterranean. Our comprehensive genomic analysis provides a foundation for future functional dissection and understanding of the regulatory mechanisms of bHLH transcription factors in peanuts.
Nonlinear control of Boost converter by state feedback exact linearization

Taking the control aim into the system state equations, a nonlinear affine model of Boost converter working on current conduction mode (CCM) is set up. It is testified that the model is satisfied the controllability condition and the involutivity condition, and the nonlinear system of the CCM Boost converter is said to be input-state linearizable. Further, the nonlinear output function and the state feedback law are derived. The selecting of feedback coefficient is analyzed in details based on conventional classical control theory. The proposed control method do not need voltage PI controller, and is simple compared with other nonlinear control method used in DC-DC converter. Numerical simulation results are also reported, which allows a comparison between the exact linearization approach and other nonlinear control techniques, e.g. passivity-based control, showing its effectiveness.
Formation of a lambda (Tn10) tyrR+ specialized transducing bacteriophage from Escherichia coli K-12

The transposon Tn10, coding for resistance to tetracycline, was inserted close to the tyrR+ gene at min 28 on the Escherichia coli chromosome. The homology between this transposon and a lambda (Tn10) phage was employed to direct integration of lambda close to tyrR+ with subsequent isolation of a lambda (Tn10) tyrR+ transducing phage. Results of restriction endonuclease analysis of the transducing phage are presented.
Big data sketching with model mismatch

Data reduction for large-scale linear regression is one of the most important tasks in this era of data deluge. Exact model information is however not often available for big data analytics. Therefore, we propose a framework for big data sketching (i.e., a data reduction tool) that is robust to possible model mismatch. Such a sketching task is cast as a Boolean min-max optimization problem, and then equivalently reduced to a Boolean minimization program. Capitalizing on the block coordinate descent algorithm, a scalable solver is developed to yield an efficient sampler and a good estimate of the unknown regression coefficient.
Global stability analysis and optimal taxation control for a harvested prey predator system with prey refuge

In this paper, we investigate a prey predator model system with selective harvest effort on predator, where prey refuge is considered and taxation is utilized as a control instrument to protect the population from overexploitation. Conditions which influence positiveness and boundedness of solutions of model system are studied. Local stability analysis around all equilibria of model system are discussed due to variation of prey refuge and taxation. Furthermore, global stability of model system around the positive equilibrium is investigated based on Bendixson criterion. By using Pontryagin's maximum principle, an optimal taxation control is derived to ensure the sustainable development of biological resource and prosperous commercial harvesting.
Tissue interactions in the regulation of axon pathfinding during tooth morphogenesis

Like many other organs, the tooth develops as a result of the epithelial‐mesenchymal interactions. In addition, the tooth is a well‐defined peripheral target organ for sensory trigeminal nerves, which are required for the function and protection of the teeth. Dental trigeminal axon growth and patterning are tightly linked with advancing tooth morphogenesis and cell differentiation. This review summarizes recent findings on the regulation of dental axon pathfinding, which have provided evidence that the development of tooth trigeminal innervation is controlled by epithelial‐mesenchymal interactions. The early dental epithelium possesses the information to instruct tooth nerve supply, and signals mediating these interactions are part of the signaling networks regulating tooth morphogenesis. Tissue interactions, thus, appear to provide a central mechanism of spatiotemporally orchestrating tooth formation and dental axon navigation and patterning. Developmental Dynamics 234:482–488, 2005. © 2005 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Interplay between Foxd 3 and Mitf regulates cell fate plasticity in the zebra fi sh neural crest

a Department of Biology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA b Department of Human Genetics, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23284, USA c Department of Biochemistry/Biophysics, Texas A&M, College Station, TX 77843, USA d Department of Neurobiology and Behavior, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195-7270, USA e Department of Biological Structure, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195-7420, USA
Serum total homocysteine and coronary heart disease.

BACKGROUND Several studies have observed high plasma levels of homocysteine among patients with coronary heart disease (CHD). The only prospective study was based on US physicians, and concluded that homocysteine was associated with subsequent myocardial infarction (MI). However, the association was limited to those above a threshold level of homocysteine. METHODS We conducted a nested case-control study among the 21,826 subjects, aged 12-61 years, who were surveyed in the municipality of Tromsø, Norway. Among those free from MI at the screening, 123 later developed CHD. Four controls were selected for each case. RESULTS Level of homocysteine was higher in cases than in controls (12.7 +/- 4.7 versus 11.3 +/- 3.7 mumol/l (mean +/- SD); P = 0.002). The relative risk for a 4 mumol/l increase in serum homocysteine was 1.41 (95% confidence interval (CI): 1.16-1.71). Adjusting for possible confounders reduced the relative risk to 1.32 (95% CI: 1.05-1.65). There was no threshold level above which serum homocysteine is associated with CHD events. CONCLUSIONS In the general population serum total homocysteine is an independent risk factor for CHD with no threshold level.
Non-invasive pulse wave velocity measurement in mice

Atherosclerosis, hardening of the arteries, causes heart attacks and strokes that are recorded as the world's number one killer disease. Nowadays, research on atherosclerosis is still limited because the modeling of atherosclerotic animals is difficult to do. Pulse wave velocity (PWV) is used clinically as a measure of arterial stiffness. PWV measurements in animals can be done invasively and non-invasively. PWV values have a strong correlation with cardiovascular conditions. This study aimed to create a PWV measuring instrument in mice to estimate the occurrence of atherosclerosis. The device developed will be highly beneficial in enhancing the research and development of anti-atherosclerotic drugs. PWV measurement was performed non-invasively by using electrocardiogram (ECG) and photoplethysmogram (PPG) sensors. The ECG electrode was placed on the left and right front legs and right rear leg of the test animal. While the PPG sensor placed on the rat tail. PWV is the traveling speed along the arterial segment from the heart position point to the PPG sensor position at the base of the tail. By comparing the EKG and PPG waveforms the amount of travel time (Pulse transit time, PTT) can be determined. The measurement results were obtained in less than a minute. The average PWV measurement results with the proposed method in normal mice aged one to three months was 480 cm/s, within the range of the results obtained by existing standard methods.
Factors associated with overall and attributable mortality in invasive aspergillosis.

BACKGROUND Invasive aspergillosis is associated with high death rates. Factors associated with increased mortality have not yet been identified in a large population of patients with various underlying conditions. METHODS We retrospectively reviewed 385 cases of suspected or documented aspergillosis that occurred during a 9-year period. We identified 289 episodes that fulfilled the criteria for possible, probable, or proven invasive aspergillosis according to the international definition criteria and that was treated with an anti-Aspergillus active antifungal drug. Clinical and microbiological variables were analyzed for their effects on overall and attributable mortality. Significant variables in univariate analysis were introduced into a multivariate Cox model. RESULTS Twelve-week overall and disease-specific survival rates were 52.2% (95% confidence interval, 46.5%-57.9%) and 59.8% (95% confidence interval, 54.0%-65.4%), respectively. Receipt of allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell or solid-organ transplant, progression of underlying malignancy, prior respiratory disease, receipt of corticosteroid therapy, renal impairment, low monocyte counts, disseminated aspergillosis, diffuse pulmonary lesions, pleural effusion, and proven or probable (as opposed to possible) aspergillosis are predictors of increased overall mortality. Similar factors are also predictors of increased attributable mortality, with the following exceptions: pleural effusion and low monocyte counts have no impact, whereas neutropenia is associated with a higher attributable mortality. CONCLUSIONS Identification of predictors of death helps in the identification of patients who could benefit from more-aggressive therapeutic strategies. Initiation of therapy at the stage of possible infection improves outcome, and this finding calls for the development of efficient preemptive strategies to fill the gap between empirical and directed therapy.
Postoperative sore throat: cause, prevention and treatment

Sore throat is a common postoperative complaint, occurring most often following tracheal intubation. Factors such as tracheal‐tube size and cuff design have been shown to be important causative factors. Routine tracheal intubation for elective surgical procedures can result in pathological changes, trauma and nerve damage which may also account for postoperative throat symptoms. Sore throat following the use of a laryngeal mask appears to be related to the technique of insertion but the contribution of intracuff pressure remains to be clarified. It would appear, however, that high intracuff pressure is associated with nerve palsies due to neuropraxia and nerve compression. Careful insertion techniques for both the tracheal tube and laryngeal mask are of paramount importance in the prevention of airway trauma and postoperative sore throat.
Nonlocal Effects on Surface Plasmon Polariton Propagation in Graphene Nanoribbons

Fundamental properties of surface plasmon polariton modes propagating along graphene nanoribbons are investigated by means of a full-wave method-of-moments approach adopting a spatially dispersive dyadic model for graphene conductivity. Modal propagation, current profiles, field distributions, and characteristic impedances are studied in detail showing the dramatic effects of spatial dispersion and the need to go beyond the usual weak (low- q) spatial dispersion formulation.
Polarisation du marché du travail, structure industrielle et croissance économique

L’objectif de la presente recherche est de veriﬁer dans quelle mesure le phenomene de polarisation des salaires, par lequel les salaires des hauts et des bas salaries augmen-tent plus vite que les salaires au milieu de la distribution, peut etre observe au Quebec. Nous trouvons qu’eﬀectivement, au moins a partir de 1995, la distribution des salaires quebecois montre une tendance tres nette vers la polarisation. Cette polarisation etait plus marquee pour la periode 1995-2000 et semble diminuer en intensite par la suite. Nous poursuivons en estimant les eﬀets de cette polarisation des salaires sur la structure industrielle de l’economie. Nous montrons que cette polarisation semble s’etre pro-duite en meme temps que des changements industriels pendant lesquels les parts des emplois allant a l’industrie des Communications et autres services, ainsi que celle des Soins et services de sante ont augmente continuellement entre 1990 et 2010. L’industrie manufacturiere est perdante sur toute la periode, avec une acceleration des pertes entre 2000 et 2010. Finalement nous discutons de l’impact de la polarisation du marche de l’emploi sur la croissance economique. Nous concluons alors que ce phenomene de polarisation ne vient diminuer en rien le role primordial de l’education (et des politiques publiques qui appuient ce secteur) pour soutenir la croissance economique.
Comparison of bone and total alkaline phosphatase activity on bone turnover during menopause and in patients with established osteoporosis

Recently, a bone alkaline phosphatase (AP) enzyme immunoassay (EIA) was developed for measurement of bone AP activity with a monoclonal antibody. We compared the clinical performance of bone AP (bAP) measured by EIA and total AP (tAP) to examine if bAP is preferable to tAP as a bone formation marker in the post‐menopause and established osteoporosis.
Automated driving by monocular camera using deep mixture of experts

In this paper, we propose a real-time vision-based filtering algorithm for steering angle estimation in autonomous driving. A novel scene-based particle filtering algorithm is used to estimate and track the steering angle using images obtained from a monocular camera. Highly accurate proposal distributions and likelihood are modeled for the second order particle filter, at the scene-level, using deep learning. For every road scene, an individual proposal distribution and likelihood model is learnt for the corresponding particle filter. The proposal distribution is modeled using a novel long short term memory network-mixture-of-expert-based regression framework. To facilitate the learning of highly accurate proposal distributions, each road scene is partitioned into straight driving, left turning and right turning sub-partitions. Subsequently, each expert in the regression framework accurately model the expert driver's behavior within a specific partition of the given road scene. Owing to the accuracy of the modelled proposal distributions, the steering angle is robustly tracked, even with a limited number of sampled particles. The sampled particles are assigned importance weights using a deep learning-based likelihood. The likelihood is modeled with a convolutional neural network and extra trees-based regression framework, which predicts the steering angle for a given image. We validate our proposed algorithm using multiple sequences. We perform a detailed parameter analysis and a comparative analysis of our proposed algorithm with different baseline algorithms. Experimental results show that the proposed algorithm can robustly track the steering angles with few particles in real-time even for challenging scenes.
Decreased Quantity and Quality of the Periarticular and Nonperiarticular Bone in Patients With Rheumatoid Arthritis: A Cross‐Sectional HR‐pQCT Study

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a highly bone destructive disease. Although it is well established that RA leads to bone loss and increased fracture risk, current knowledge on the microstructural changes of bone in RA is still limited. The purpose of this study was to assess the microstructure of periarticular and nonperiarticular bone in female and male RA patients and compare it with respective healthy controls. We performed two high‐resolution peripheral quantitative computed tomography (HR‐pQCT; Xtreme‐CT) scans, one of the distal radius and one of the ultradistal radius in 90 patients with RA (60 females, 30 males) and 70 healthy controls (40 females, 30 males) matched for sex, age, and body mass index. Volumetric bone mineral density (vBMD), bone geometry, and bone microstructure including trabecular bone volume fraction (BV/TV), trabecular number (Tb.N), trabecular thickness (Tb.Th), cortical thickness (Ct.Th) and cortical porosity (Ct.Po) were assessed. At the distal and ultradistal radius, trabecular (p = 0.005 and p < 0.001) and cortical BMD (p < 0.001 and p < 0.001) were significantly decreased in male and female patients with RA, respectively. BV/TV was also decreased at both sites, based on lower Tb.N in female RA (p < 0.001 for both sites) and lower Tb.Th (p = 0.034 and p = 0.005) in male RA patients compared with respective healthy controls. Cortical thinning (p = 0.018 and p = 0.002) but not Ct.Po (p = 0.070 and p = 0.275) was pronounced in male and female RA patients at the distal radius. Cortical perimeter was increased in male and female RA patients at both sites. Multiple regression models showed that bone geometry (cortical perimeter) is predominantly influenced by age of the RA patient, cortical thickness by both age and disease duration, and trabecular microstructure predominantly by the disease duration. In summary, these data show profound deterioration of bone microstructure in the appendicular skeleton of RA patients at both periarticular and nonperiarticular sites. © 2014 American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.