Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The New World thief ants of the genus Solenopsis (Hymenoptera: Formicidae)

The New World thief ant group of Solenopsis is revised. Although it may not be a monophyletic taxon, the species can be defmed as tiny (~1.5 mm total length, some species have larger majors) predominately yellow ants (some species are brown) with a 10-segmented antenna and a 2-segmented club. The second and third segments of the funiculus are about as long as wide. The clypeus nearly always has two carinae which diverge anteriorly and usually terminate in small teeth. There is a single seta at the midpoint of the anterior margin of the clypeus. Seventy-four taxa are recognized and 12 new species are described, totaling 86 species. Species limits were based on distinct disparities in overall morphology among specimens. All available subspecies, stirps, races and varieties were examined. Decisions for synonymy or revised species status were also based on geographic and ecological grouping when such information was available. Major taxonomic changes are proposed, including the synonymy of many taxa. Diagnoses of the worker, female and male castes are included. All castes are described when available, accompanied by illustrations, measurements, discussion, locality maps, with keys provided for identification of the workers. As the former sub generic designations are not useful and the previous species complexes did not encompass all the taxa in the New World, eight informal complexes have been proposed. The following complexes and species are included: brevicornis complex: azteca, brevicornis, terricola; fugax complex: germaini,johnsoni n. sp. , krockowi, melina n. sp. orestes,patagonica, pergandei, pilosula, rugiceps, tetracantha, thoracica, vinsoni n. sp. , westwoodi; globularia complex: budd, desecheoensis, globularia, lucayensis; molesta complex: abdita, abjectior, basalis, carolinensis, castor, clytemnestra, conjurata, corticalis, decipiens, franki, gnoma, helena, joergenseni, laeviceps, latastei, loretana, maboya, major, molesta, nickersoni, parva, patriciae n. sp. , picea, picta, pollux, quadridentata n. sp. , rosella, salina, striata n. sp. , subtilis, sulfurea, tenuis, texana, validiuscula, zeteki; nigella complex: andina, emiliae, gensterblumi, macrops, metanotalis, nigella, oculata, photophila, schilleri, shiptoni; pygmaea complex: dysderces, goeldii, impolita n. sp. , isopilis n. sp. , leptanillo ides , minutissima, ocellata n. sp. , pulleni n. sp. , pygmaea, subterranea, tennesseensis, tonsa, whitfordi n. sp. ; stricta complex: hayemi, longinoi n. sp. , stricta; and wasmannii complex: altinodis, bicolor, iheringi, succinea and wasmannii.
Retinal Changes in Severe Malaria in Bangladeshi Children

Background: In malaria endemic areas diagnosis of severe malaria by microscopy and immunodiagnostic test is confounded by asymptomatic peripheral blood parasitemia. In such settings, retinal changes by ophthalmoscopy showed some diagnostic utility. Contribution of ophthalmoscopy in diagnosis of severe malaria in children is not well studied in Bangladesh. The aim of this study was to describe the retinal findings in children of cerebral and non-cerebral severe malaria by direct and indirect ophthalmoscope and relate their outcome and to determine the course of changes in the fundus. Methodology: In this prospective observational study 130 consecutive children aged between 6 months to 12 years admitted with confirmed severe Plasmodium falciparum malaria in pediatrics ward of Chittagong Medical College Hospital, Chittagong, Bangladesh were assessed by both direct and indirect ophthalmoscopy during the period of April 2008 to March 2009. Results: Out of 130 patients 80 children had cerebral malaria and of these 49 (61.2%) had some degree of retinopathy; 24 (48%) of 50 with non cerebral severe malaria had retinopathy. Predominant retinal changes were Retinal hemorrhage and Macular whitening each in 53 (40.77%) patients, followed by peripheral whitening, Vessels changes and papilloedema in 50 (38.46%), 40 (30.77%) and 14 (10.78%) patients respectively. With indirect ophthalmoscope as reference, direct ophthalmoscopy had a high sensitivity to detect macular whitening, and papilloedema but was less sensitive to detect peripheral whitening and vessel changes. Patients with retinopathy had more chance to had unfavorable outcome (Death) in comparison to the patients who had not {Odds ratio:1.09 (95% CI:1.017-1.167)}. Most of these retinal changes were transient and resolved gradually as clinical condition improved. Conclusion:Features compatible with malarial retinopathy were commonly found in our children with severe malaria. Ophthalmoscopy is an important clinical tool to aid in diagnosis and prognosis in children. However, indirect ophthalmoscopy provides better information than direct ophthalmoscopy. Bangladesh J Child Health 2018; VOL 42 (3) :118-124
The effectiveness of QPR suicide prevention training

Objective: The aim of this study was to assess the effectiveness of Question, Persuade, Refer (QPR) gatekeeper suicide prevention training on individuals’ ability to recognise the warning signs of suicide, intention to question someone they think is suicidal, persuade the suicidal person to stay alive, and know how and where to get help for the person. We also examined whether QPR training increased an individual’s intention to intervene with a suicidal individual. Design: A pretest–posttest online survey, based on the theory of planned behaviour, was employed before and after the face-to-face QPR training. Setting: The study was conducted on a small regional college campus in the Midwest USA. Method: Faculty, staff, and students at a regional campus completed two online questionnaires (pretest, n = 108, and posttest, n = 79) answering questions about attitudes, subjective norms, and perceived behavioural control regarding suicide intervention, as well as their intention to intervene with someone who was suicidal. They also completed a 1-hour QPR gatekeeper training event. Results: QPR training significantly improved attitudes, subjective norms, and perceived behavioural control regarding suicide intervention, and intention to intervene. It was also effective at increasing intention to question, persuade and refer (the three core goals of QPR). Conclusions: QPR training has been shown to be effective in the short-term at increasing intention to intervene within a US college community.
Pacientes con valvulopatías tratados con edoxabán o warfarina en el ensayo ENGAGE AF-TIMI 48

Listen to this manuscript’s audio summary by JACC Editor-in-Chief Dr. Valentin Fuster. aInstitute of Cardiology and Center of Excellence on Aging, G. d’Annunzio University, Chieti, Italia; bCardiovascular Medicine Division, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts; y cPharma Development, Daiichi-Sankyo, Parsippany, New Jersey. El ensayo ENGAGE AF–TIMI 48 contó con el apoyo de una subvención de investigación de Daiichi-Sankyo al Brigham and Women’s Hospital. El Dr. De Caterina ha recibido subvenciones de investigación a través de su centro por parte de Boehringer Ingelheim, Bayer, BristolMyers Squibb/Pfizer y Roche; y ha recibido honorarios de Boehringer Ingelheim, Bayer, Bristol-Myers Squibb/Pfizer, Daiichi-Sankyo, Lilly, AstraZeneca, Merck, Eli Lilly y Novartis. El Dr. Renda es consultor remunerado y conferenciante de Boehringer Ingelheim, Daiichi-Sankyo y Bayer. Los Drs. Nordio, Trevisan y Antman han recibido subvenciones a través de sus centros de Daiichi-Sankyo. El Dr. Mercuri es empleado de Daiichi-Sankyo; y tiene una patente solicitada en relación con las propiedades clínicas de edoxabán. El Dr. Ruff ha recibido subvenciones a través de RESUMEN
Pemanfaatan Game Tower Defense Sebagai Media Edukasi Digital

The growth of digital game on a smartphone rapidly and widely available in the available online which is a service provider of digital applications and games. The existence of digital games on smartphones is an application shall be owned by user that is used as a partnership be, a pastime, and as medium of education. Educational activities are learning activities and receive information on a person directly or indirectly. The information provided on recipient's are knowledge or limited a short message. Tower defense game is one kind of games that can be used as education to the recipient. With structure analysis method, elements of education on tower defense games will be analyzed to be known by both the educational element.
Comparative Evaluation of Conventional Smear and Liquid Based Cytology in Diagnosis of Thyroid Lesions Using Bethesda System

Introduction: The prevalence of palpable thyroid nodules in the worldwide population ranges from 4 to 7%. Approximately 95% of these lesions are benign and thyroid cancer is responsible for only 0.4% of all cancer deaths. The main cytological goal is to distinguish malignant lesions, which require appropriate surgical procedures, from benign nodules which, on the contrary, may be often treated conservatively. The Bethesda system for reporting thyroid cytology allows standardization in reporting with improved diagnostic terminology between cytopathologists and clinicians, and leads to more consistent management approaches. Materials and Methods: In this prospective study, 60 cases with palpable thyroid lesions were considered. After detailed history, clinical examination and informed consent of patient, FNA of thyroid lesion was performed under sterile aseptic condition. Comparative study of Conventional smear (CS) and Liquid based cytology (LBC) was done using a standardized nomenclature by Bethesda system. The results were correlated with clinico-imaging diagnosis and histopathology wherever possible. Results: LBC smears contained adequate diagnostic cells in most cases and were greatly superior to CS regarding the absence of background blood-debris, and recognition of nuclear and cytoplasmic details (p<0.001). LBC showed cellularity, preserved cell architecture, and informative background as good as CS, expressed by no statistically significant differences (p=0.297, 0.083, and 1.000 respectively). In LBC amount of colloid was diminished and appear dense, fragmented, and in droplets. Conclusion: LBC is also a relatively simple technique; reducing the number of slides and area per slide to be screened than the conventional preparation. However, caution must be applied to interpret the slides and secure a diagnosis, especially if the LBC is the first and only method applied as adequate experience is required to familiarize with various lesions on LBC. Other aspect to be considered is cost efficacy.
Semi-Automated Inference of Feature Traceability During Software Development: Master's Thesis

Despite extensive research on software product lines in the last decades, ad-hoc clone-and-own development is still the dominant way for introducing variability to software systems. Therefore, the same issues for which software product lines were developed in the first place are still imminent in clone-and-own development: Fixing bugs consistently throughout clones and avoiding duplicate implementation effort is extremely diffcult as similarities and differences between variants are unknown. In order to remedy this, we enhance clone-and-own development with techniques from product-line engineering for targeted variant synchronisation such that domain knowledge can be integrated stepwise and without obligation. Contrary to retroactive feature mapping recovery (e.g., mining) techniques, we infer feature-to-code mappings directly during software development when concrete domain knowledge is present. In this thesis, we focus on the first step towards targeted synchronisation between variants: the recording of feature mappings. By letting developers specify on which feature they are working on, we derive feature mappings directly during software development. We ensure syntactic validity of feature mappings and variant synchronisation by implementing disciplined annotations through abstract syntax trees. To bridge the mismatch between change classification in the implementation and abstract layer, we synthesise semantic edits on abstract syntax trees. We show that our derivation can be used to reproduce variability-related real-world code changes and compare it to the feature mapping derivation of the projectional variation control system VTS by Stanciulescu et al.
Epidemiology and direct costs of atopic dermatitis in Poland based on the National Health Fund register (2008–2017)

Introduction Epidemiological data indicate significant differences in atopic dermatitis (AD) prevalence between countries. Aim The purpose of this study is to (i) analyse the recorded prevalence of atopic dermatitis (diagnoses of AD reported to the Polish National Health Fund (NHF)) and to (ii) estimate direct costs of medical care for AD incurred by the NHF. Material and methods The analysis was based on data reported to the database of the public payer (NHF). The prevalence rates were calculated using the NHF data and population estimates were obtained from the Central Statistical Office of Poland (GUS). Results In 2017, the annual prevalence rate of AD in the Polish population was 32.5 per 10,000 inhabitants (34.7/10,000 for women and 30.1/10,000 for men). The highest prevalence was observed in the youngest age groups (300/10,000 in children up to 4 years of age and 141/10,000 in 5–9-year-olds). The prevalence rate decreased with age and AD was the least prevalent in patients over 85 years of age (4/10,000). In 2008–2017, NHF expenditure on AD treatment varied between PLN 19.9 million (EUR 5.6 million) in 2008 and PLN 28.4 million (EUR 6.5 million) in 2016. Conclusions The prevalence rates of AD in Poland estimated on the basis of NHF data are significantly lower than those reported in previous epidemiological studies conducted in Poland and worldwide. This may indicate that the prevalence of AD in the Polish population is underestimated or that there are no adequate disease control measures in patients with a confirmed diagnosis.
Stents Technique for Endovascular Management of Intracranial Aneurysms

Background: Endovascular detachable coil embolization has become an important method in the management of intracranial aneurysms. However, coil embolization alone may fail to treat some wide-neck aneurysms and other complex anatomy configuration. Herein, we report our experience with and outcome of stent techniques of intracranial aneurysms. Objective: The aim of the study was to evaluate the feasibility safety and efficacy of stent usages either conventional or flow diverting stents in endovascular management of intracranial aneurysms. Patients and Methods: Between October 2011 to May 2018 a prospective study was done on a series of 17 consecutive patients harboring 17 intracranial aneurysms approached with endovascular therapeutic stent techniques, these 17 aneurysms (5 have history of rupture, 29 % and 12 unruptured, 71%), Angiographic and clinical follow-up was obtained in 17 (100%) patients (mean 21 months, range 0.5 to 84). Results: In late follow-up 16 patient (94%) had favorable outcome and 1 patient (6%) had unfavorable outcome, over all Complete occlusion Grade 0 with stent technique was achieved in 10 patients (59%), Grade I in 3 patients (17%), Grade II in 1 patients (6%), Grade III in 1 patient (6%), Grade IV in 1 patient (6%) and Grade V in 1 patient (6%), intraoperative complication was noted in 3 cases (18%) with favorable outcome. Conclusion: Endovascular stent-assisted coiling was a feasible, effective and relatively safe technique for the treatment of broad neck and complex configuration intracranial aneurysms.
A Propagation Condition Identification and Non-Line of Sight Error Mitigation Algorithm in Wireless Sensor Network

Node localization is one of key technologies in wireless sensor networks (WSN). In practice, the occlusion of obstacles often leads to large non-line-of-sight (NLOS) error. Therefore, the misidentification of LOS (line-of-sight)/NLOS conditions can seriously reduce the accuracy of localization algorithms in WSN. In this paper, we propose a novel localization algorithm based on hypothesis testing method, which combines the NLOS condition identification algorithm and the extended Kalman filter method to mitigate the NLOS error. Moreover, we introduce the false alarm rate fa to fuse the estimated values in the LOS/NLOS condition to obtain more accurate results. The simulations demonstrate that the proposed algorithm can effectively reduce the influence of NLOS error and improve the localization accuracy.
Data and knowledge standards for learning health: A population management example using chronic kidney disease

The widespread creation of learning health care systems (LHSs) will depend upon the use of standards for data and knowledge representation. Standards can facilitate the reuse of approaches for the identification of patient cohorts and the implementation of interventions. Standards also support rapid evaluation and dissemination across organizations. Building upon widely‐used models for process improvement, we identify specific LHS activities that will require data and knowledge standards. Using chronic kidney disease (CKD) as an example, we highlight the specific data and knowledge requirements for a disease‐specific LHS cycle, and subsequently identify areas where standards specifications, clarification, and tools are needed. The current data standards for CKD population management recommendations were found to be partially ambiguous, leading to barriers in phenotyping, risk identification, patient‐centered clinical decision support, patient education needs, and care planning. Robust tools are needed to effectively identify patient health care needs and preferences and to measure outcomes that accurately depict the multiple facets of CKD. This example presents an approach for defining the specific data and knowledge representation standards required to implement condition‐specific population health management programs. These standards specifications can be promoted by disease advocacy and professional societies to enable the widespread design, implementation, and evaluation of evidence‐based health interventions, and the subsequent dissemination of experience in different settings and populations.
An Intrusion Detection System Using Machine Learning Algorithm

Security of data in a network based computer system has become a major challenge in the world today. With the high increase of network traffic, hackers and malicious users are devising new ways of network intrusion. In other to address this problem, an intrusion detection system (IDS) is developed which will detect attacks in a computer network. In this research, the KDDCup99 Test datasets is analyzed using certain machine learning algorithms (Bayes Net, J48, Random Forest, and Random Tree) to determine the accuracy of these algorithms by classifying these attacks into their various classes. A constructive research methodology is adopted throughout this research. The experimental results show that the Random Forest and Random Tree algorithms appear to be the most efficient in performing the classification technique on the Test dataset. The experimental tool used is WEKA which is used to perform a correlation based feature selection on the dataset with a Best First search method, and the parameters used for the computation are Precision, Recall and F-measure. Keywords: Intrusion detection system; KDDCup99; Machine learning; WEKA
Prevalence of snail vectors of schistosomiasis and their infection rates in two localities within Ahmadu Bello University (A.B.U.) Campus, Zaria, Kaduna State, Nigeria

648 snails comprising 392 (60.5%) Bulinus globosus (Morelet, 1866) and 256 (39.5%) Biomphalaria pfeifferi (Krauss, 1848) obtained from Samaru stream and ABU dam between April and September 2007 were examined for cercariae. Of this total, 355 snails were obtained from Samaru stream while 293 snails were obtained from A.B. U dam. 247 (69.58%) of the snails from Samaru stream were B. globosus and 108 (30.42%), B. pfeifferi. Similarly, 145 (49.49%) B. globosus and 148 (50.51%) were gotten from A.B. U dam. Two schistosomes were observed during the study; Schistosoma mansoni and Schistosoma haematobium with the former being more prevalent (20.31%) than the latter (18.37%). Occurrence of snails at each locality showed marked differences; B. globosus being more prevalent at Samaru stream and B. pfeifferi more prevalent at ABU dam. There was no significant difference in the comparison of means of prevalence in the two snails.
Virulence of Mayetiola destructor (Say) field populations in the Great Plains and levanase/inulase-like genes in the Hessian fly genome

The Hessian fly, Mayetiola destructor (Say), is a major pest of wheat, and is controlled mainly through deploying fly-resistant wheat cultivars. This study investigated five M. destructor populations collected from Texas, Louisiana, and Oklahoma, where infestation by Hessian fly has been high in recent years. Eight resistance genes including H12, H13, H17, H18, H22, H25, H26, and Hdic, were found to be highly effective against all tested M. destructor populations in this region, conferring resistance to 80% or more of plants containing one of these resistant genes. The frequency of biotypes virulent to resistant genes ranged from 0 to 45%. A logistic regression model was established to predict biotype frequencies based on the correlation between the percentages of susceptible plants obtained in a virulence test. In addition to the virulence test, the log-odds of virulent biotype frequencies were determined by a traditional approach to predict the logistic regression model. Characterization of a bacterial artificial chromosome (BAC) clone identified a gene encoding a protein with sequence similarity to bacterial levanases. Blast searching with the levanase-like protein identified 14 levanase/inulase-like genes or gene fragments. In this study, we determined the expression levels of these genes in different developmental stages and different tissues of 3-d old larvae of M. destructor. Sequence analysis revealed that six genes encode full length proteins, three were truncated at the 5’ end, and five truncated at the 3’ end. Sequences of putative proteins showed approximately 42% similarities to bacterial levanases or inulases, and 36% similarity to fungal levanases or inulases. No sequence similarities were found with any known animal or plant proteins. Comparative analysis of sequences among 14 levanase/inulase-like genes revealed that positions for intron/exon boundaries are conserved among different genes even though the length of each intron and exon varied among different genes. The expression patterns of the levanase/inulase-like genes were different among developmental stages and larval tissues of M. destructor. Interestingly, three genes presented alternative splicing bands in different developmental stages, and two genes exhibited splicing bands in different tissues of 3 d old M. destructor. This study would be useful for future studies of the characterization and function of levanase/inulase-like genes of these enzymes in plantinsect interactions. VIRULENCE OF MAYETIOLA DESTRUCTOR (SAY) FIELD POPULATIONS IN THE GREAT PLAINS AND LEVANASE/INULASE-LIKE GENES IN THE HESSIAN FLY GENOME