Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Eco-Certification Programs for Hotels in California : Determining Consumer Preferences for Green Hotels

_____________________________________________________________________________ 3 Introduction ________________________________________________________________________ 3 Literature Review __________________________________________________________________ 3 Terminology _____________________________________________________________________ 3 Eco-Certification Programs ____________________________________________________ 4 Management-side Driving Factors for Eco-Certification __________________ 5 Consumer-side Driving Factors for Eco-Certification _____________________ 6 Problems with Hotel Eco-Certification ______________________________________ 8 Summary of Literature _________________________________________________________ 9 Methodology ________________________________________________________________________ 9 Literature Review _______________________________________________________________ 9 Green Lodging Program Review _____________________________________________ 10 Data Collection _________________________________________________________________ 10 Results and Discussion _________________________________________________________ 11 How Aware are Consumers of Eco-Labels? _________________________________ 12 Consumer Response to Eco-Labels __________________________________________ 18 Trends and Analysis ___________________________________________________________ 23 Conclusion _________________________________________________________________________ 30 References _________________________________________________________________________ 31 Appendix ___________________________________________________________________________ 33 Survey Questions _______________________________________________________________ 33 Question 10 _____________________________________________________________________ 35
Volume 2 ( 2012 ) 218-231 Stillbirth in Pigs

Piglets that are born dead may have died at any time during the farrowing process or before. Causes of stillborn piglets can be divided into infectious and noninfectious. Infectious causes perhaps are overemphasized but are certainly important in epidemic situations. Noninfectious causes of stillborns are most common in endemic situations. Genetic, maternal, piglet and environmental factors can all affect the stillborn rate. The review attempts to describe the causes of stillborn piglets and the ways to mitigate them.
Classification Enhancement by Latent Semantic Space

Heterogeneous data in all groups are growing on the web nowadays. Because of the variety of data types in the web search results, it is common to classify the results in order to find the preferred data. Many machine learning methods are used to classify textual data. The main challenges in data classification are the cost of classifier and performance of classification. A traditional model in IR and text data representation is the vector space model. In this representation cost of computations are dependent upon the dimension of the vector. Another problem is to select effective features and prune unwanted terms. Latent semantic indexing is used to transform VSM to orthogonal semantic space with term relation consideration. Experimental results showed that LSI semantic space can achieve better performance in computation time and classification accuracy. This result showed that semantic topic space has less noise so the accuracy will increase. Less vector dimension also reduces the computational complexity.
The effect of hydroxyl functional groups and molar mass on viscosity 2-Methyl-1 , 4-butanediol 1 , 2 , 3-Butanetriol 1 , 2 , 3 , 4-Butanetetrol Glucose Raffinose Maltohexaose Polyols Saccharides

The viscosities of three polyols and three saccharides, all in the non-crystalline state, have been studied. Two of the polyols (2-methyl-1,4-butanediol and 1,2,3butanetriol) were studied under dry conditions, the third (1,2,3,4-butanetetrol) was studied as a function of relative humidity (RH), including under dry conditions, and the saccharides (glucose, raffinose, and maltohexaose) were studied as a function of RH. The mean viscosities of the polyols under dry conditions range from 1.5× 10−1 to 3.7× 101 Pa s, with the highest viscosity being that of the tetrol. Using a combination of data determined experimentally here and literature data for alkanes, alcohols, and polyols with a C3 to C6 carbon backbone, we show (1) there is a near-linear relationship between log10 (viscosity) and the number of hydroxyl groups in the molecule, (2) that on average the addition of one OH group increases the viscosity by a factor of approximately 22 to 45, (3) the sensitivity of viscosity to the addition of one OH group is not a strong function of the number of OH functional groups already present in the molecule up to three OH groups, and (4) higher sensitivities are observed when the molecule has more than three OH groups. Viscosities reported here for 1,2,3,4-butanetetrol particles are lower than previously reported measurements using aerosol optical tweezers, and additional studies are required to resolve these discrepancies. For saccharide particles at 30 % RH, viscosity increases by approximately 2– 5 orders of magnitude as molar mass increases from 180 to 342 g mol−1, and at 80 % RH, viscosity increases by approximately 4–5 orders of magnitude as molar mass increases from 180 to 991 g mol−1. These results suggest oligomerization of highly oxidized compounds in atmospheric secondary organic aerosol (SOA) could lead to large increases in viscosity, and may be at least partially responsible for the high viscosities observed in some SOA. Finally, two quantitative structure–property relationship models (Sastri and Rao, 1992; Marrero-Morejón and Pardillo-Fontdevila, 2000) were used to predict the viscosity of alkanes, alcohols, and polyols with a C3–C6 carbon backbone. Both models show reasonably good agreement with measured viscosities for the alkanes, alcohols, and polyols studied here except for the case of a hexol, the viscosity of which is underpredicted by 1–3 orders of magnitude by each of the models. Published by Copernicus Publications on behalf of the European Geosciences Union. 8510 J. W. Grayson et al.: The effect of hydroxyl functional groups and molar mass on viscosity 2-Methyl-1,4-butanediol 1,2,3-Butanetriol 1,2,3,4-Butanetetrol Glucose Raffinose Maltohexaose Polyols Saccharides Figure 1. The structure of the polyols and saccharides studied experimentally in this work.
V OLATILITY TRANSMISSION BETWEEN MONEY AND STOCK MARKETS : EVIDENCE FROM A DEVELOPING FINANCIAL

The direction and intensity of volatility transmission between the money and stock markets are important for portfolio selection and diversification, optimal hedging strategy, financial market regulation, and risk management. The purpose of this paper therefore is to examine the nature of volatility transmission between money and stock markets in a developing economy using Nigeria data. The results of the bivariate BEKK-GARCH (1,1) model show strong evidence of ARCH and GARCH effects for both the money and stock markets returns. The results also suggest unidirectional shock transmission from the stock market to the money but not otherwise. Further, the results indicate evidence of a unidirectional volatility transmission from the stock market to the money market. The findings of this study have implications for portfolio selection and diversification as well as financial market regulation.
TREATED WASTEWATER BE USED AS AN ALTERNATIVE WATER RESOURCE FOR AGRICULTURAL IRRIGATION ? CHANGES IN SOIL AND PLANT HEALTH AFTER THREE YEARS OF MAIZE CULTIVATION IN WESTERN ANATOLIA

The limited availability of fresh water caused by climate change and global populat ion increase has made research necessary into alternative water sources which are sustainable but of lower quality, in order to meet the demands of agriculture in arid and semi-arid areas. However, there are concerns that irrigation with treated wastewater (TWW) could lead to a deterioration of soil health and a decline in plant yield. The objective of the field study was to determine the effects of medium-term (3-year) irrigation with secondary TWW, fresh water (FW) and a mix of 1:1 TWW/FW (HW) on various microbiological and biochemical soil properties of a Typic Xerofluvent soil and on maize (Zea mays L.) productivity in Mediterranean climatic conditions. In line with this aim, microbial biomass C (MBC), basal soil respiration (BSR) and nitrogen mineralization (Nmin), and the activities of the enzymes alkaline phosphatase (ALKPA), dehydrogenase (DHG), β-glucosidase (GLU), aryl sulphatase (ArSA) and urease (UA) were determined. In addition, the grain yield of maize was measured. Taking three-year averages into account, it was found that although all biological dependent variables measured in connection to the application of TWW had been affected in a range of 2% to -11% (mean 3%), the differences created by the use of FW did not reach the level of statistical significance. With the application of HW, a significant and more severe reduction of -19% (P<0.05) was found. The application of TWW increased only ALKPA and ArSA activity, by 4% and 2%, respectively, and this result was found not to be significant. Even though the effect of TWW on soil health was not found to be significant, a negative effect was found on the grain yield of maize plants (P<0.05) at a level of 17% (1.68 t ha). The fact that no significant effect was found of the TWW used in this study conducted under Mediterranean climatic conditions on soil health is an indicator of its potential longterm use with different crops and different irrigation techniques. Furthermore, it has been proved that the re-use of treated wastewater, which has an effect close to that of fresh water, can be an important part of the integrated management of water resources, and is a reliable alternative water source, which can provide an effective solution in conditions of water shortage.
2 Modeling and Analysis with Goaland Agent-Oriented Models : A Sample Methodology

Goaland agent-oriented models have emerged as a way to capture stakeholder and organizational goals in a complex enterprise. The complexity of such models leads to a need for systematic procedures to enable users to evaluate and compare the alternative actions and solutions expressed in models. Many existing approaches focus on automated procedures, limiting the ability of the user to intervene. Here, we introduce a qualitative, interactive evaluation procedure for goaland agent-oriented models, allowing the modeler to supplement the evaluation with domain knowledge not captured in the model. We provide a sample methodology to guide model creation and domain exploration which includes the evaluation of alternatives. We illustrate the procedure and methodology with the i* Framework. Case study experience shows that the procedure facilitates analysis, prompts iteration over model development, promotes elicitation, and increases domain understanding. We describe the results of an exploratory experiment designed to test these findings.
Design and Development of a DAST Based on 2 RPS-1 S Parallel Mechanism

There are a number of process design that available in the literature in order to develop a new parallel mechanism that can be applied to the solar farm. However, the best ways to develop a new mechanism still have a challenge. Therefore, this project provides a systematic process design with include the kinematics derivation, mechanical and hardware development, and software development. This project aims to design and development of a Dual Axes Solar Tracking (DAST) based on 2RPS (Revolute-Prismatic-Spherical) -1S (Spherical) parallel mechanism by implementing the systematic process design. The focus is on a two degree-of-freedom (DOF) parallel mechanism – which encloses a closed loop in the structure. Based on MATLAB simulation and real prototyping motion result is show that the movement position of the solar panel has similarity. In summary, both method simulation and prototyping are able to represent a two DOF parallel mechanism. At the same time, the comparative analysis is able also to validate the equation of kinematics that derives from Denavit-Harternberg (DH) methods.
BŪSIMOJO SPECIALISTO IDENTIFIKACIJA SU STUDENTO

The article seeks to analyze how students form their student identity, i. e. how they identify with their students’ social role. They were asked what meanings they prescribed to this role, what made the role signifi cant to them. The detailed analysis of role identifi cation would enable us to predict how students are inclined to learn and seek for knowledge. Thus the research object was manifestation of students’ role identifi cation, and the research aim was to reveal this identifi cation. The method of the qualitative research was a semi-structured interview which reflected the main components of role identifi cation. The sample consisted of 54 Ist—IVth year students of the Faculties of Sports Education and Sports Technologies and Tourism who were selected according to the criteria of theoretical sampling. All the participants volunteered in the research. Students’ role identifi cation showed how students perceived their social position at the institution of higher education. Thus, all manifestations of students’ role identifi cation can be suppositions of successful studies, independent work and responsible activities. Research revealed that students’ role identifi cation was associated not only with their studies but also with their pastime and sports activities. As all manifestations of students’ role identifi cation are linked to their studies and sports activities, we can assume that successful role identifi cation at the institution of higher education could be a precondition of their successful studies. Research data allowed us to assume that successful identification with students’ role of the academic youth at the institution of higher education is preconditioned by the following components of the learning environment: 1) communicative component, especially communication with the members of academic community, experiencing positive emotions; 2) pragmatic component, especially organization of studies, combining students needs and the realization of the targets of study programs; and 3) value component, emphasizing the analysis of the documents of higher education, which enables students to evaluate their rights and responsibilities and to perceive the advantages of student’s position as of social partner. All the aspects of the identifi cation with students’ social role of the academic youth, revealed in the research, could have a great impact on the future career peculiarities and professional image infl uencing the image of a specialist of physical education and sport in our society.
Transcriptome analyses reveal anthocyanins biosynthesis in 2 eggplant ( Solanum melongena L . ) 3

We obtained a white-peel eggplant (L6-5) by EMS mutation in our previous study, whose total anthocyanin content was significantly decreased as compared with that of wild-type ( WT). To analyse the anthocyanin biosynthesis mechanism in eggplants, we analysed the eggplant peel by RNA-seq in this study. The transcript results revealed upregulation of 465 genes and downregulation of 525 genes in L6-5 as compared with the WT eggplant. A total of 11 anthocyanin biosynthesis structure genes were significantly downregulated in L6-5 as compared with that in WT. Meanwhile, on the basis of the RT-PCR results of four natural eggplant cultivars, the expression pattern of 11 anthocyanin biosynthesis structure genes was consistent with the anthocyanin content. Thus, we speculated the anthocyanin biosynthesis pathway in eggplant peel. The transcript and RT-PCR results suggested positive regulation of MYB1, MYB108 and TTG8 and negative regulation of bHLH36 in anthocyanin biosynthesis. This study enhanced our cumulative knowledge about anthocyanin biosynthesis in eggplant peels.
Das Knochenmaterial: Ein Nano-Komposit aus Mineral und Kollagen

Bone Material: A Nanocomposite of Mineral and Collagen. One essential function of bone is its mechanical support for the body. The required mechanical performance is achieved by a complex hierarchical structure. At the macroscopic level, one can distinguish between geometry and inner architecture of trabecular and compact bone. At the lower hierarchical levels the bone matrix is a composite material consisting of 2 components with very different mechanical properties: long elastic fibrils of type I collagen into which stiff 2–4 nanometer thick calcium phosphate particles are embedded. The mechanical competence of this material depends on many factors. For example abnormalities of the collagen molecule or cross-links as well as the shape, size and arrangement of the mineral particles affect the mechanical properties. An essential determinant of bone stiffness is the degree of mineralization of the bone matrix. Bone disorders can affect different hierarchical levels of the bone material and consequently cause bone fragility. For the diagnosis, it is therefore often useful to analyze a bone biopsy sample in addition to the measurement of biochemical parameters and DXA bone mineral density. Considerable progress in the technical capabilities allows specific insights into the material properties at different hierarchal levels. This provides a better understanding of pathophysiological mechanisms and the effects on bone structure of specific disorders and might further be helpful to predict fracture risk and support therapy decision. J Miner Stoffwechs 2011; 18 (3): 110–7.
Digital Heritage Gamification : An Augmented-Virtual Walkthrough to Learn and Explore Tangible Cultural Heritage

In the last decade, cultural heritage including historical sites are reconstructed into digital heritage. Based on UNESCO , digital heritage defines as “cultural, educational, scientific and administrative resources, as well as technical, legal, medical and other kinds of information created digitally, or converted into digital form from existing analogue resources”. In addition, the digital heritage is doubling in size every two years and expected will grow tenfold between 2013 and 2020. In order to attract and stir the interest of younger generations about digital heritage, gamification has been widely promoted. In this research, a virtual walkthrough combine with gamifications are proposed for learning and exploring historical places in Malaysia by using mobile device. In conjunction with Visit Perak 2017 Campaign, this virtual walkthrough is proposed for Kellie’s Castle at Perak. The objectives of this research are two folds 1) modelling and design of innovative mobile game for virtual walkthrough application, and 2) to attract tourist to explore and learn historical places by using sophisticated graphics from Augmented Reality. The efficiency and effectiveness of the mobile virtual walkthrough will be accessed by the International and local tourists. In conclusion, this research is speculated to be pervasively improve the cultural and historical knowledge of the learners.
FACULTY OF INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY AND ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING

This thesis work focuses on developing an intelligent mobile application that presents and highlights the health effects of climate change on asthma patients. The Android mobile application ‘EXTREMA’ is targeted towards patients in various scenarios, e.g., health, lifestyle, and education. The ‘EXTREMA’ application receives input from a patient along with smart weather sensor and the GPS (Global Positioning System) location sensor in the smartphone and communicates over the Internet with a remote server (Aware) accessible by research professionals who are in charge of the remote monitoring of the patients. This thesis outlines the design, implementation, and evaluation via the deployment of a system aimed to help both individual users and researchers to efficiently gather selfreported symptoms data, and medication record according to weather conditions and user location. For gathering the data, there was no direct interaction with the users (asthma patients). However, during and after the development, the final version of the application was tested and evaluated during the thesis. Different measures were taken regarding the performance of the application, such as data loading, number of users, efficiency and accuracy of the weather sensor data. The major output of the thesis is the application system, which can be used, by users and researchers to record medication and symptoms data in a meaningful format for future use. Hence, the main contribution is also towards improving the health of asthma patients and conducting research in the area.
POTENTIAL OF PLANNED ORGANIZATIONAL CHANGE IN THE PRODUCTION OF KNOWLEDGE IN NURSING AND HEALTH 1

The present study had the objective to describe planned organizational change as a theoretical-methodological framework and its applicability in the production of knowledge innursing and health.A theoretical reflection was developed based on an unsystematic analysis of literature and the experience of researchers in carrying out studies using this framework. The reflection was organized by coordinating three main axes. In the first one, the concept of organizational change, its importance, and the challenges it poses in the health area were discussed. The second presented planned organizational change as a research method to produce knowledge, and the third axis emphasized the effects of the use of organizational change in the nursing and health context. It was concluded that planned organizational change is an important theoreticalmethodological framework to develop change proposals in the nursing and health field because it can promote people empowerment, collective protagonism, and shared vision, which results in space for innovation.
The Proposed Method to Choose the Best Scheduling Algorithm Using TOPSIS Approach

Grid evaluation approaches usually focus on some special aspects of grid environment and there have been few researches on a technique which is able to comprehensively evaluate a grid system in terms of its performance. In this paper an algorithm is proposed in order to evaluate the performance of grid environment based on4 metrics of reliability, task execution time, resource utilization rate and load balance level. In the proposed algorithm, a new method for evaluating the resource utilization rate has been presented. Also, in the paper an application of Technique for Order-Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution (TOPSIS) is presented in order to choose the most efficient system based on these 4 metrics. Algorithm and TOPSIS performances are demonstrated through analytical and numerical examples. Then, using simulation, it has been demonstrated that the proposed algorithm estimates the amount of utilization rate with high accuracy. Using the suggested approach, one can choose the most efficient algorithm so that a compromise is established between managers’ and users’ requests.