Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The trace element and Sr-Nd-Pb isotope geochemistry of Juan Fernandez lavas reveal variable contributions from a high-3He/4He mantle plume

The Juan Fernandez Islands in the southeastern Pacific are an atypical linear volcanic chain that exhibits a considerable range in He/He ratios (8 to 18 RA, where RA is the He/He ratio of air), but limited ranges of Sr/Sr and Nd/Nd. Here we report new trace element abundance data and Sr-Nd-Pb isotope data for mafic lavas previously analyzed for their He/He and He contents from the two main islands of Robinson Crusoe and Alexander Selkirk. Lavas from these islands have been previously grouped based on geochemical and petrological classification into Group I and III basalts, and Group II basanites. In general, samples have overlapping Sr-Nd-Pb isotope compositions that suggest a common, albeit slightly heterogeneous mantle source. In detail, the Group I and III tholeiitic and alkalic basalts have nearly identical incompatible trace element patterns, whereas the Group II basanites show elevated incompatible trace element abundances. Major and incompatible trace element modeling indicates that Group III basalts (He/He = 7.8–9.5 RA) from younger Alexander Selkirk Island were produced by the highest degree of partial melting (> 10%) of a common mantle source, followed by Group I basalts (13.6–18.0 RA) and Group II basanites (11.2–12.5 RA) from older Robinson Crusoe Island. The Pb/Pb of Group I basalts and Group II basanites are slightly more radiogenic and limited in range (19.163 to 19.292) compared with those of Group III (18.939 to 19.221). The Group I and II lavas from Robinson Crusoe are consistent with an origin from the so-called focus zone (FOZO) mantle component, whereas the Alexander Selkirk basalts additionally contain contributions from a less-enriched or relatively depleted mantle component. Juan Fernandez lavas reveal limited ranges of Sr-Nd-Pb isotopes but variable He/He as their parental magmas originated mainly from the FOZO component with high He/He (> 9 RA) and variably polluted with a depleted component with lower He/He (ca. 8 RA). Contributions from high-He/He mantle sources to ocean island basalts can therefore vary both spatially and temporally, over meter to kilometer lengths and hundred to millionyear time scales, and may not be strongly correlated to radiogenic lithophile isotope systematics.
Innovative biodegradable dibutyrylchitin dressing for the treatment of ulcers occurring during chronic venous insufficiency in patients with type 2 diabetes.

The aim of this study was to assess the course of the healing process following the use of dibutyrylchitin (DBC) dressing, a fully degradable material used in the treatment of ulcers which occur during chronic venous insufficiency common in patients suffering from type 2 diabetes. These diseases have a significant impact on the patients' standard of living, including the potential employment, and on the declining attendance at the current workplace. The implementation of this innovative therapeutic solution may positively affect the above-mentioned difficulties. An analysis of the healing process, following the application of the DBC dressing, was performed. Once the dressing was positioned on the wound, the analysis indicated that it underwent a process of degradation facilitated by the enzymes occurring naturally in the wound. When fully degraded, a further layer was applied. This process was repeated until the wound was fully healed. The study group consisted of 4 patients previously diagnosed with type 2 diabetes. During the observation period, the ulcers in all 4 cases had healed. The examined wound dressings adhered well to the wound surface and degraded within it. No side effects or adverse effects of the applied innovative therapy were observed. An addition of the biodegradable DBC dressing to the standard therapy procedure of ulcers occurring during chronic venous insufficiency among patients with type 2 diabetes indicate safe and effective treatment, which may have a direct reflection in the patient's professional capacity enhancement. It resulted in the complete healing of all ulcers in each of the observed cases.
Knowing When To Look Back: Bidirectional Rollouts in Dyna-style Planning

In model-based reinforcement learning (MBRL), a model of the world is used to generate transitional data for an agent to learn from, in order to reduce sample complexity. Dyna is one of the most widely adopted MBRL frameworks that perform planning, acting, and learning in an online manner. Most of the previous works on Dyna perform one-step roll-outs from sampled states to generate data based on the agent’s history. Recently, it has been shown that planning shape and directionality (forward or backward planning) of the rollouts can impose a signiﬁcant impact on the performance given a ﬁxed planning budget. In this work, we conduct a systematic study on how these two factors affect the performance of model-based agents. We hypothesize that forward planning and backward planning serve complementary purposes, i.e. exploration and value propagation, in which careful state-dependent allocation of planning budget can improve learning efﬁciency. We further provide an online method to auto-mate the decision between forward planning and backward planning using error-based epistemic uncertainty. We examine our proposed method in the tabular and linear function approximation settings for both perfect and learned models on GridWorld and Cartpole environments and propose the use of an ensemble of world models to counter compounding errors of long rollouts in the learned models. Our results show that both planning shape and directionality have a profound impact on Dyna methods’ efﬁcacy and bidirectional rollouts can improve learning efﬁciency using the same number of planning steps.
Role of microorganisms isolated from cows with mastitis in Moscow region in biofilm formation

Background and Aim: Mastitis is one of the most important diseases of cows and the most expensive pathology for the dairy industry. Therefore, this study was conducted to explore the role of microorganisms isolated from cows with mastitis in the formation of biofilms under the conditions of farm biogeocenosis in the Moscow region. Materials and Methods: Periodic visits to 12 farms in the Moscow region were conducted to explore the microbial profile of the udder of cows with mastitis. During the visits, 103 milk samples from sick animals were collected and examined. Through microbiological analyses, 486 cultures of microorganisms were identified, which are assigned to 11 genera. Mastitis in cows is caused not only by a single pathogen but also by microbial associations, which included two to seven microbial isolates. Results: It was observed that 309 isolates (63.6%) from the total number of isolated microorganisms could form a biofilm. The ability to form biofilms was most frequently observed in Staphylococcus aureus (18.8%), Escherichia coli (11.9%), and Staphylococcus uberis (11.7%) cultures from the total number of biofilm-forming microbial cultures. Low biofilm-forming ability among the isolated microorganisms was found in lactobacilli, wherein only 20 (22.5%) Lactobacillus strains had the ability to form biofilms. The isolated microorganisms exhibited different sensitivities to antimicrobial agents, which cause difficulty in selecting an antimicrobial agent that would act on all aspects of the parasitocenosis. Conclusion: A high proportion of microorganisms isolated from cows with mastitis have the ability to form biofilms. The isolated microorganisms exhibited different and highly heterogeneous sensitivity to the action of antimicrobial drugs. This causes difficulty in using these tools for the effective control of mastitis in cows, which is frequently caused by pathogenic associations of microbial biofilms. Therefore, it is important to explore novel and more effective methods to combat this disease.
Facile and scalable production of three-dimensional spherical carbonized bacterial cellulose/graphene nanocomposites with a honeycomb-like surface pattern as potential superior absorbents

Frequent contamination of water by oils and organic solvents necessitates efficient and low cost absorbents. Here, for the first time, a novel nanocomposite of sphere-like carbonized bacterial cellulose (SCBC) and graphene (GE) with a honeycomb-like surface morphology and a three-dimensional (3D) interconnected porous structure was synthesized via a facile and scalable one-pot in situ biosynthesis route under agitated culture conditions followed by carbonization. The as-prepared SCBC/GE nanocomposite was characterized by SEM, TEM, XRD, FTIR, Raman, wettability, and absorption capacity measurements. SEM images reveal that the SCBC/GE nanocomposite exhibits a honeycomb-like surface pattern consisting of ridges and large cavities with an average diameter of around 97 μm. Furthermore, the SCBC/GE nanocomposite has high porosity, large specific surface area, strong hydrophobicity, and good elasticity. Importantly, it shows superior absorption capacities for a wide range of oils and organic solvents (the maximum value reaches 457 times of its own weight), higher than any other CNF-based aerogels reported so far, thus having the potential to be used in the field of environmental protection. Additionally, the underlying absorption mechanisms for oil and organic solvents have been explored.
Statistical mechanics in economics: An application of Brownian motion in modeling prices of assets

The Black Option Pricing Model in recent times has been under strong criticism. The Black Models assume that the probability of extreme price changes is negligible, when in reality stock prices in the stock market are subject to fluctuations. Again, the modern formulation of statistical models is based on the description of the physical system by an ensemble that represents all possible configurations of the system and the probability of realizing each configuration. Therefore, the probability of extreme price changes should not be neglected. Consequently, this work set out to develop a model (the Modified Geometric Brownian Motion Model (MGBMM)) for perpetual warrant option for prices of assets (shares of stock) traded in a perfect market with an arbitrary stock price in the warrant. Reasons that support the Modified Geometric Brownian Motion Model as an appropriate model in a perfect market are presented with a completely specified strategy for managing option investment which permits practical testing of the model’s efficacy. Thus, illustrating how the notion of Statistical Mechanics is applied in economics to model the prices of assets in the financial market.
Correlation of FNAC with Histopathology of breast lesions

Introduction: Breast cancer is a commonest maliganancy of women globally. A papable breast lump is common diagnostic dilemma to surgeons. Fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) is simple rapid, accurate diagnostic tool for evaluating palpable breast lumps. Mammography is other screening modality for a breast lump which is routinely used method with simple, low cost with high accuracy. Aim: To differentiate and categories the breast lesions, and to study the correlation of FNAC with histopathology of palpable breast lumps. Materials and Methods: one and half year retrospective study carried out from January 2019 to June 2020 in the department of pathology, KBNIMS, Gulbarga. FNAC and Histopathology slides were retrieved and reviewed. All the slides were observed and findings recorded. Mammography findings were retrieved and recorded. Result: The present study includes 125 cases out of which 101 cases (80.8%) were benign and 24 cases (19.2%) were malignant. Most common benign breast lesion was fibroadenoma (52.4%) and malignant lesion was infiltrating ductal carcinoma (75%). Frequencies of left breast lesions were high compare to right breast lesions. Out of 125 cases FNAC, 123 cases (98.4%) correlated with histopathology with sensitivity of 91.66%, specificity of 100%, positive predictive value (PPV) of 100%, negative predictive value (NPV) of 98% and accuracy of 98.4%. Out of 125 cases, mammography of 25 cases were retrieved with sensitivity of 87.5% and specificity of 94.11% with diagnostic accuracy of 92%. Conclusion: FNAC is a valuable diagnostic tool; provide rapid and reliable diagnosis in breast lesions. © This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.
Metabolic Activity of Epiphytic Bacteria Inhabiting the Common Reed (Phragmites australis (Cav.) Trin. ex Steudel) in Moty Bay of Jeziorak Lake

This paper presents research on the metabolic activity of bacteria isolated from the surface of stems of the common reed and from the water in the pelagic zone of Moty Bay in Lake Jeziorak, in the presence of the following exogenous substrates: casein hydrolyzate, glucose, sodium succinate and sodium acetate, and in the presence of plant extracts obtained from the stems of the common reed and the leaves of floating pond-weed. It results from the research that epiphytic bacteria inhabiting the upper (near-surface) and lower (near-bottom) sections of the stems of the common reed were more metabolically active than plank- tonic bacteria. The best utilised substrate was casein hydrolyzate, and the most poorly was sodium acetate. In the presence of plant extracts, the metabolic activity of epiphytic bacteria was up to 13 times higher than the activity of planktonic bacteria.
Troponin I Biomarker for Cardiac Affection in Patients with Androgentic Aloepcia

The plasma level of two common cardiovascular disease markers, cardiac troponin I and C-reactive protein, in alopecia areata and AGA affected subjects. We aimed to assesment of troponin I level of patients with AGA to detect if there is arole of troponin I as a cardiac biomarker for cardiac affection in the disease (AGA) pathogenesis and it's associations and looking for a hidden cardiac problem. The study was conducted on 75 participants; 50 patients suffering from Androgenetic alopecia, in addition to 25 control normal healthy persons. Norwood Classification for male Pattern Baldness Ludwig Classification of Female Pattern Baldness , ECG, Determination of serum Cardiac troponin I and Echocardiography were done for all participants. troponin I showed significant positive correlation with age, GLS, grades, as well as significant negative correlation with EF troponin I showed significant positive correlation with age, GLS, grades, as well as significant negative correlation with EF.
Electron Hall Mobility in GaAsBi

We present measurements of the electron Hall mobility in n-type GaAs1−xBix epilayers. We observed no significant degradation in the electron mobility with Bi incorporation in GaAs, up to a concentration of 1.2%. At higher Bi concentration (≥1.6%) some degradation of the electron mobility was observed, although there is no apparent trend. Temperature dependent Hall measurements of the electron mobility suggest neutral impurity scattering to be the dominant scattering mechanism.
Factors Influencing the Uptake of National Health Insurance Schemes among the Informal Sectors in Vihiga Sub County. Muranda

Purpose: Penetration of health insurance in the informal sector is very poor, this calls for upward scaling of successful interventions to remedy this situation given that health insurance increases access to healthcare services and improves financial risk protection. This study assessed the factors influencing uptake of national health insurance schemes among informal sector in Vihiga sub-county, Kenya. Methods: Descriptive cross-sectional study design was used. The target population was the informal sector workers. A sample of 384 participants was selected by cluster and simple random sampling techniques. Data was collected using a semi-structured questionnaire. Descriptive statistics was summarized using tables, chi-square and bivariate logistic regression were used to test for associations (p<0.05). Results: The study revealed that there was a significant influence of trust and knowledge of the health insurance scheme on the uptake of national health insurance (p < 0.05). The study further revealed that the attractiveness of the scheme had a big influence on the uptake of national health insurance Conclusion: Trust and knowledge of the health insurance scheme had significant influence on uptake of national health insurance. Health Insurance Schemes should be designed in such a way that they attract informal sector workers and information regarding these schemes is disseminated to these people.
DR rate coefficient measurements using stored beams of H3+ and its isotopomers

In studies of the rate coefficient of the dissociative recombination of H3+ and its isotopomers, the rovibrational excitation of the molecular ions was found to play an important role, in particular when employing the technique of heavy-ion storage rings. The dependence of the DR rate on rotational excitation was investigated in recent experiments at the Test Storage Ring TSR in Heidelberg through time-resolved measurements on D2H+ and H3+ over long storage times. For both molecules, an influence of rotational excitation on the DR rate was observed. The level of excitation in turn was found to be dominated by radiative coupling to the surrounding 300 K background for D2H+. In the case of H3+, a strong influence of electron collisions on the excitation level was found, whereas an additional influence of collisions with residual gas in the storage ring cannot be excluded.
ADAPTIVE CONTROL BASED FLYING QUALITY DESIGN FOR HELICOPTERS

A comprehensive flight control law design method based on adaptive control is presented in this paper. The proposed method consists of three basic modules – model decoupling, online system identification and adaptive pole placement. The model decoupling module decouples the helicopter flight dynamics model based on dynamic inversion technique. This procedure helps to reduce the difficulties in online system identification and adaptive control design. In online system identification module, a recursive extended least squares algorithm is established to identify the augmented linear flight dynamics model which is composed of helicopter model and unideal noise model. The helicopter model parameters and the noise parameters are identified simultaneously which improves the identification accuracy as well as robustness compared with conventional method. Pole placement is implemented in the last module to make a helicopter keep tracking the idea poles which can be designed according to ADS-33E-PRF. The adaptive rule in this step is designed based on eigenvalue analysis of the model to remove all unnecessary oscillations of the control parameters. An adaptive controller is designed according to the developed method for the UH-60 helicopter based on a nonlinear simulation program. Typical response types are also implemented. The simulation results show that the designed adaptive controller has high performance as well as robustness in both hover and forward flight.
Breaking Through Binaries: Compiler-quality Instrumentation for Better Binary-only Fuzzing

Coverage-guided fuzzing is one of the most effective software security testing techniques. Fuzzing takes on one of two forms: compiler-based or binary-only, depending on the availability of source code. While the fuzzing community has improved compiler-based fuzzing with performanceand feedback-enhancing program transformations, binaryonly fuzzing lags behind due to the semantic and performance limitations of instrumenting code at the binary level. Many fuzzing use cases are binary-only (i.e., closed source). Thus, applying fuzzing-enhancing program transformations to binary-only fuzzing—without sacrificing performance— remains a compelling challenge. This paper examines the properties required to achieve compiler-quality binary-only fuzzing instrumentation. Based on our findings, we design FIBRE: a platform for applying fuzzing-enhancing program transformation to binary-only targets—maintaining compiler-level performance. We showcase FIBRE’s capabilities in an implementation for the popular fuzzer AFL, including five compiler-style fuzzing-enhancing transformations, and evaluate it against the leading binaryonly fuzzing instrumenters AFL-QEMU and AFL-Dyninst. Across LAVA-M and real-world targets, FIBRE improves crash-finding by 26–96% and 37–131%; and throughput by 48–78% and 159–203% compared to AFL-Dyninst and AFLQEMU, respectively—while maintaining compiler-level of overhead of 27%. We also show that FIBRE supports realworld openand closed-source software of varying size (10K– 100MB), complexity (100–1M basic blocks), platform (Linux and Windows), and format (e.g., stripped and PIC).
of Soybean Meal Heating Time on the in vitro

Ruminant needs a special way to supply its protein requirement. Some of the proteins in the rumen will be denatured into amino acids and followed by deamination into ammonia (NH3), while some are not degraded by microbial rumen, which is categorized as rumen undegradable protein (RUP) (Nedelkov, 2019). The proteins available for livestock production are largely originated from microbial proteins in the rumen. It is estimated that 60-90% of the nitrogen consumed by livestock is converted to ammonia by rumen microorganisms, with around 50-70% of the nitrogen was used for microbial synthesis (Millen et al. 2016). The deamination of protein into ammonia (NH3) is sometimes more than required for the microbial protein synthesis, thus resulted in an excess of NH3, which will be excreted through urine in the form of urea. On the other hand, high-quality protein is required to provide amino acids to support ruminant productivity, thus feeding protein to ruminants should consider its fermentability and resistance towards rumen degradation. Protein in feed is known to have different rumen degradation level. Soybean meal is one of protein-rich feed with high nutritional value, but it has a rumen degradation rate at 71-79% (Stern et al. 2006), which means that most of the protein in soybean meal protein will be degraded in the rumen. Protection of protein in feedstuff is important, to inhibit protein degradation in the rumen. Nothing that protein degradation will eliminate the function of the protein-rich feed to supply amino acids needed by ruminant (Haryanto, The aim of this study was to determine the most optimal heating time in protection of protein rich feedstuff on digestibility and in vitro ruminal fermentation profile. Proteinous feedstuffs used in this study is soybean meal (Glycine max). This study is designed using one way ANOVA, with five treatments of heating time (T0 (control)= unheated, T1= 10 min, T2= 20 min, T3= 30 min, and T4= 40 min) at 120 ̊C and 6 replications. All the treatment samples then incubated for 48 h according to the 2-stage in vitro technique. The results showed that protecting soybean meal through heating decreased the dry matter (DM), organic matter (OM) digestibility, NH3 concentration and acetic acid:propionate ratio (A:P) (P<0.05) compared with the control group. In general, there were no significant effects on ruminal pH, total and proportion of volatile fatty acids (VFA), and microbial protein. A decrease in NH3 concentration and A:P ratio was seen in T2 (49.05 mg/100 mL and 1.52, respectively). It can be concluded that protein protection in soybean meal through heat treatment can decrease rumen degradation. The best heating time for protecting soybean meal was found at 20 minutes.