Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Efeito de diferentes frequências semanais de treinamento sobre parâmetros de estresse oxidativo. DOI: 10.5007/1980-0037.2012v14n1p52

Intense muscle contraction induced by physical exercise increases the production of reactive oxygen species, which causes oxidative stress in several organs, such as the liver and the heart. Physical training may increase antioxidative defenses and decrease oxidative stress. However, it is not clear what training frequency improves oxidative stress parameters. This study evaluated the effect of training two and three times a week on oxidative stress biomarkers in the liver and the heart. Eighteen young male mice (CF1) weighing 30 to 35 g were divided into three groups (n=6): no training (NT); twice a week training (T2); and three times a week training (T3). The training program lasted eight weeks, and the animals were killed 48 hours after the last training session. The liver and the heart were removed and stored at -70o C. The following analyses were conducted: thiobarbituric acid reactive substances, protein carbonylation, total thiol content, superoxide dismutase, catalase and glutathione peroxidase. Oxidative damage was reduced only in the T3 group, and there was an increase in total thiol content, supeoxidase dismutase and catalase in T3 when compared with the NT group. Glutathione peroxidase was not significantly different between groups. Only training three times a week seemed to reduce oxidative stress and increase the efficiency of the antioxidant system in mice.
EVIDENCE OR ASSUMPTIONS ? THE BASIS OF THE FIVE ECONOMISTS ’ CASE FOR REAL WAGE CUTS

Five economists, led by Peter Dawkins, have recommended that award wage rates be frozen so that real wages fall when the rate of inflation is positive. In papers supporting their recommendations they claim that work by Debelle and Vickery shows that a cut in real wages of 2 percent will reduce the unemployment rate by one percentage point. A careful reading of Debelle and Vickery’s work reveals that one could equally well argue that, even taken at face value, their work supports the claim that the unemployment rate will only fall by 0.4 of a percentage point if real wages fall by 2 percent. Moreover, a critical analysis of Debelle and Vickery’s work casts further doubt on the value of freezing award wage rates. Freezing award wage rates is an ineffectual way of reducing real wages, which increases inefficiency in the economy and inequity in society. * Center for Applied Economic Research, The University of New South Wales. An abridged version of this paper is published in Economic Papers, June 2000. Thanks are due to participants at the Conference, especially Bruce Chapman, for helpful comments and to Trevor Stegman who commented on a draft.
Optimal Interest Rate Rule and Deposit Reserve Rate Policy under Dualistic Credit Supply Structure

Based on the reality of China, this paper constructs a dynamic stochastic general equilibrium model (DSGE), which includes heterogeneous manufacturers and dual credit supply structures, and uses welfare analysis and impulse response analysis to analyze the choice of interest rate rules and adjust deposit The impact of the rate on the economy. The results show that the Taylor rule, which includes interest rates on the inflation gap, the output gap and the credit gap, can be more effective in suppressing inflation, both in terms of cost shocks and consumption preferences, but also better stabilize output levels and improve The total welfare level of society. Under the same interest rate rule, the low deposit reserve ratio can increase the welfare of the various sectors of the economy, especially the welfare of non-state enterprises, as compared with the high deposit reserve ratio. The above conclusions show that the central bank in the development of monetary policy in addition to considering inflation and output, but also should consider bank credit. While the low deposit reserve ratio policy is of great importance to advancing China's financial market reform and China's economic transformation.
Protocol for the Ovine Amniotic Epithelial Cell In Vitro Culture and Differentiation

Ovine Amniotic epithelial cells (oAEC) are a subject of placental stem cells with great regenerative and immunomodulatory properties. Indeed, oAEC are object of intense study for regenerative medicine thanks to the several advantages in developing pre-clinical studies on a high value translational animal model, such as sheep. For this reason, a critical standardization of in vitro culture practices is fundamental in order to maintain during amplification the oAEC native phenotype, improving both oAEC in vivo therapeutic potential and clinical outcomes. Here, is described an oAEC culture protocol with supplementation of Progesterone and Estradiol hormones, able to modulate the native epithelial phenotype during the in vitro amplification. In addition, it is described the culture protocol that is able to differentiate oAECs towards osteogenic and chondrogenic lineage.
Coherence in a cold atom photon transistor

Recent experiments have realized an all-optical photon transistor using a cold atomic gas. This approach relies on electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) in conjunction with the strong interaction among atoms excited to high-lying Rydberg states. The transistor is gated via a so-called Rydberg spinwave, in which a single Rydberg excitation is coherently shared by the whole ensemble. In its absence the incoming photon passes through the atomic ensemble by virtue of EIT while in its presence the photon is scattered rendering the atomic gas opaque. An important current challenge is to preserve the coherence of the Rydberg spinwave during the operation of the transistor, which would enable for example its coherent optical read-out and its further processing in quantum circuits. With a combined field theoretical and quantum jump approach and by employing a simple model description we investigate systematically and comprehensively how the coherence of the Rydberg spinwave is affected by photon scattering. With large-scale numerical calculations we show how coherence becomes increasingly protected with growing interatomic interaction strength. For the strongly interacting limit we derive analytical expressions for the spinwave fidelity as a function of the optical depth and bandwidth of the incoming photon.
A REVIEW ON SPHERICAL CRYSTALLIZATION: A NOVEL PARTICLE DESIGN TECHNIQUE FOR DIRECT COMPRESSION OF PHARMACEUTICAL POWDERS

Direct compression of powders is simplest and easiest way of making tablets. Good flowability and compressibility plays a major role for direct compression of drugs. There are several techniques available to impart desired compressibility to drugs. Spherical crystallization techniques are reliable techniques in which the drug crystals are modified using different solvents to directly compressible spherical agglomerates, which less economical and time saving. The use of spherical crystallization as a technique appears to be efficient alternative for obtaining suitable particles for direct compression. Spherical crystallization is a particle design technique, by which crystallization, agglomeration and spheronization can be carried out simultaneously in one step.
Incidence of pre-pregnancy and pregnancy-related illnesses in rural women accessing antenatal care services in Awka, south-east, Nigeria

Nigeria accounts for a considerable proportion of maternal deaths that occur annually worldwide. The study investigated the incidence of pre-pregnancy and pregnancy-related illnesses in women accessing antenatal care services at health facilities in Awka South Local Government Area, Anambra State. The study adopted cross-sectional research design. The population comprised 3,207 registered pregnant women from January to September 2012. The sample for the study consisted of 650 pregnant women. A pre-tested questionnaire was administered by the interviewers to women who had attended antenatal care services within six months prior to the date of data collection. Malaria (66.6%), morning sickness (58.0%), hyperemesis gravidarum (39.7%), sexually transmitted infections (28.6%), gestational diabetes (23.8%), pre-eclampsia and eclampsia (23.0%) and anaemia (15.8%) were the common illnesses in women. There were statistically significant differences in the women’s pre-pregnancy illnesses according to the level of education (p = 0.032) and pregnancy-related illnesses according to age (p = 0.023) and level of education (p = 0.045). It was concluded that the interplay of several factors is responsible for the incidence of pre-pregnancy and pregnancy-related illnesses in women. Identification of these factors is expedient while scaling up of maternal health interventions; improved access and uptake of facility-based care hopefully, will drastically reduce morbid conditions in women and improve maternal and newborn outcomes. Key words: Prevalence, Pregnancy-related illnesses, antenatal care, maternal health.
wpcomunite . it ● ● ● ○ ○ ○ Welfare improving taxation on saving in a growth model

We consider the optimal factor income taxation in a standard R&D model with technical change represented by an increase in the variety of intermediate goods. Redistributing the tax burden from labour to capital will increase the employment rate in equilibrium. This has opposite e¤ects on two distortions in the model, one due to monopoly power, the second to the incomplete appropriability of the bene ts of inventions. Their relative momentum determines the sign of the welfare e¤ect. We show that, for parameter values consistent with available estimates, taxing capital more heavily than labour can be welfare increasing. Keywords: Capital Income Taxes, R&D, Growth E¤ect, Welfare E¤ect. JEL classi cation: E62, H21, O41
Applying User Interface-Operable 3D Digital Prototypes to Human-Centered Design of Information Appliances

One of the critical issues of realizing human centered design (HCD) for information appliances is how to efficiently find the weakness of usability of the user interfaces (UI). At present, user test is the most reliable method of evaluating usability of UI. But executing user-test costs much due to fabrication of physical prototypes, securing of test subjects and facilities and the manual-based analysis of the test results. To solve the problems, we propose a computer-supported environment for testing and usability assessment for human centered-design of information appliances in the paper. In the environment, UI-operable 3D digital prototypes can be designed and used for user tests instead of physical prototypes, and the test results can be automatically analyzed to clarify the weak points of the UI design. UI-operable 3D digital prototypes can be modeled by integrating the state-transition-based UI behavior model with 3D CAD models of the housings. A function of graphically displaying user’s operational history helps the designers identify which portions in the UI specification induce wrong operations of users. A function of indicating digital questionnaire based on cognitive walkthrough method also enables them to reveal causes of the wrong operations and to clarify point of redesign. Comparison of the test results using different types of digital prototypes showed that the proposed UI-operable 3D digital prototype could fully replace the physical prototype in early design stage.Copyright © 2008 by ASME
Motivation and Autonomy as Predictors of Foreign Language Proficiency among the Iranian Students of Distance vs. Traditional Universities

This study was conducted to investigate the possible effect of motivation and autonomy on students' English as foreign language proficiency in two universities - Payamenoor (distance) and Islamic Azad universities (traditional)- in the city of Gonbad-e-Kavous. To do so, 152 Azad University students and 144 Payamenoor University students were randomly selected. Three questionnaires each dealing with one of the three variables of motivation, autonomy and foreign language proficiency were distributed among students to collect the required data. Analyzing the data through Multiple Regression and Fisher's r to z transformation, the results revealed that there is a significant relationship between motivation and foreign language proficiency in both universities. In regard to autonomy, however, results showed no significant relationship between autonomy and foreign language proficiency in Payamenoor University, while in Azad University this relationship was revealed meaningful and significant. The findings of the current study will inform teachers and curriculum developers of the status of motivation and autonomy in the success of students in their academic performance, pointing out some procedures to enhance this idea.
Automatic iron cutting device using IEC61499 FBs editor

Recent years Distributed Control System (DCS) has been widely used in industrial manufacturing control systems. A new design methodology with open architecture for modeling industrial control systems has been developed by using a new international standard "IEC 61499", defines event driven functional modules called function blocks which can be distributed to field devices and interconnected across multiple controllers. It used for intelligent and agile control with more Portability, interoperability and configurability. It adds the system flexibility by adaption and reconfiguration basing on environment changes. It can be used for reducing the cost and complexity of industrial automation process. IEC's international standards facilitate world trade by removing technical barriers to trade, leading to new markets and economic growth. In this approach IEC61499 concept with its Function Blocks, Function Block Development Kit, Function Block Run Time Environment, NETMASTER and Automatic Iron Cutting Device using IEC61499 FBs Editor will be discussed.
The Joint Behavior of Hiring and Investment

This paper explores the dynamic behavior of investment and hiring within a unified framework, stressing their mutual dependence and placing the emphasis on their joint, forward-looking behavior. Using structural estimation in aggregate, private sector U.S. data, it shows that the model, which features adjustment costs, is able to fit the data. Unlike many previous results, the fit is achieved without implying high adjustment costs. The interaction of hiring and investment costs is significant and is negatively signed, implying complementarity between investment and hiring. There is a substantial role for labor market conditions in hiring costs, whereby the latter are lower in “good times. ” The fit of the investment part of the model is poor if hiring is left out completely or is introduced without the interaction between the two. The results capture the not so-well known fact whereby there is negative co-movement of gross investment and gross hiring, the former being pro-cyclical while the latter is countercylical. This is so as they follow the cyclical behavior of their present values. An asset-pricing type empirical analysis indicates that the hiring rate depends mostly on future labor profitability while the investment rate depends mostly on future returns.
Search Engine Optimization Techniques for Malaysian University Websites: A Comparative Analysis on Google and Bing Search Engine

Search Engine Optimization (SEO) plays very vital role in the development of professional web sites. There are a number of search engines available on the internet such as Yahoo, Ask.com, AOL.com, Baidu, Bing, etc. Among which Google is the most widely used search engine. Each search engine uses different SEO technique and algorithm which not only forms the foundation of SEO, but affects the position of a website in organic search results as well. As Google modify its algorithm about 500 or more times per year, the web design and internet also evolves dynamically because of changes in SEO techniques and algorithms. However, how well Malaysian universities websites are optimized for other search engines is questionable particularly the key differences between search engine ranking techniques and algorithms. This research paper tends to answer these vital questions by proposing a comparative analysis of Bing and Google on some Malaysian universities website, analyzing their search engine optimization parameters and outcomes of using Microsoft Bing as compared to its primary competitor, Google.
Efficient Implementation of Recent Stream Ciphers on Reconfirgurable Hardware Devices

Stream ciphers have the reputation to be very efficient when implemented in hardware, much more efficient than any block cipher. However, although plenty of papers and books claim it, few results of hardware implementations of stream ciphers are available. In this paper, we provide FPGA implementation results of recent stream ciphers in order to evaluate their actual hardware efficiency. In addition, we compare these results with those of standard block ciphers (AES, 3DES, Rijndael, Misty1, .). The selected stream ciphers are LILI-II, Helix and SNOW 2.0 and the implementation platform is a Virtex-II FPGA from Xilinx. On the basis of these results, it may be argued that while present stream ciphers allow us to obtain e±cient implementations, they are not overwhelm- ingly more efficient than block ciphers. In general, their efficiency is compara- ble. However, stream ciphers are made of arguably low cost primitives which could provide really compact designs if correctly combined together.
Torpor in an African caprimulgid, the freckled nightjar Caprimulgus tristigma

Recent data suggest that facultative hypothermic responses such as torpor are more important in the energy balance of birds from tropical and sub-tropical regions than previously thought. We used telemetric measurements of skin temperature (Tskin) for five individuals on 151 bird-nights to investigate the occurrence of torpor during winter in an 81 g African caprimulgid, the freckled nightjar Caprimulgus tristigma . We found that freckled nightjars have the capacity to enter torpor, with a minimum observed Tskin of 12.88C. During the torpor bouts we observed, complete rewarming typically occurred after sunrise, and coincided with the availability of solar radiation. There was considerable inter-individual variability in the frequency and depth of torpor bouts, with one female nightjar exhibiting particularly frequent and deep torpor. Our results confirm the ability to use torpor by a nocturnal aerial insectivore from the Afrotropics, and reiterate the variability in patterns of torpor that can exist within a population.
Liberalized World Trade and Food Import Under Foreign Exchange Constraints in the CFA's Franc Zone of Sub-Saharan Africa

This paper finds a long-run relationship between food imports, commodities prices, exchange rates, food production, GDP, and trade openness in the CFA zone of Sub-Saharan Africa. We use a panel Vector Error Correction Model with exogenous prices expanded beyond the Hemphill’ approach (1974) on rice, wheat, maize, and sugar under fixed exchange rate constraint.
The relationship of Gensini score with the cardiovascular risk of patients with indication of angiography

Background: This study was designed to explore the contribution of risk factors for coronary artery disease (CAD) in patients with indication for coronary angiography. Coronary angiography is defined as the radiographic visualization of the coronary vessels after injection of radio opaque contrast media. Despite the recognition of risk factors for CAD, the association between related risk factors and angiographic findings remains controversial. The aim of the present study was to explore the association between Gensini scores and major cardiovascular risk factors in patients with indications for coronary angiography. Methods: We retrospectively enrolled 495 patients who had been hospitalized at Dr. Shariati Hospital during September 2009 to September 2010 and had undergone coronary angiography. The patients were evaluated for the severity of coronary lesions on the angiogram by Gensini scoring system. The patients were also evaluated for the presence or absence of DM, hypertension, family history of cardiac diseases, low HDL, hyperlipoproteinemia, hypertriglyceridemia and cigarette smoking. Statistical analysis wad done to find any relationship between Gensini scores and cardiovascular risk factors. Results: The study population consisted of 249 men (50.3%) and 245 woman (49.5%) with a mean age of 58.1±10.3 years. A positive correlation was found between age (P=0.04), sex (P=0.008), HDL (P=0.04) smoking (P=0.0001) and diabetes (P<0.013) with Gensini scores. Conclusion: In patients with indications of angiography, Gensini scores provide valuable prognostic information on cardiovascular risk factors. Age, sex, HDL, smoking and diabetes are related to the severity of coronary lesions on the angiograms. Abstract
Submillimeter-Accurate Marker Localization within Low Gradient Magnetic Particle Imaging Tomograms

Magnetic Particle Imaging (MPI) achieves a high temporal resolution, which opens up a wide range of real-time medical applications such as device tracking and navigation. These applications usually rely on automated techniques for finding and localizing devices and fiducial markers in medical images. In this work, we show that submillimeter-accurate automatic marker localization from low gradient MPI tomograms with a spatial resolution of several millimeters is possible. Markers are initially identified within the tomograms by a thresholding-based segmentation algorithm. Subsequently, their positions are accurately determined by calculating the center of mass of the gray values inside the pre-segmented regions. A series of phantom measurements taken at full temporal resolution (46 Hz) is used to analyze statistical and systematical errors and to discuss the performance and stability of the automatic submillimeter-accurate marker localization algorithm.
Fabrication and characterization of novel biphasic calcium phosphate and nanosized hydroxyapatite derived from fish otoliths in different composition ratios

Biphasic calcium phosphate (BCP) is a ceramic material that can promote bone regeneration. However, there are controversies about the proportions of the phases in which the BCP must be combined in order to maintain their biological activity. In this study, a novel biphasic calcium phosphate from fish otoliths containing mixed phases of hydroxyapatite/s-tricalcium phosphate (HA/s-TCP) was fabricated by aqueous precipitation technique. Three compositions of BCP and three compositions of hydroxyapatite (HA) from otoliths of teleost fish (Plagioscion squamosissimus) were studied. X-ray diffraction analysis revealed that, at low pH values, multiphase calcium phosphate compounds were formed, whereas at high pH values single-phase hydroxyapatite was formed after 96 h of precipitation time. SEM micrographs showed agglomeration of particles with porous structures, as well as the presence of nanosized particles. The different vibration modes3- of the P043- ion was identified by Raman spectroscopy and FTIR.
Interactive comment on “ Towards an improved description of ocean uncertainties : effect of local anamorphic transformations on spatial correlations

(see below). However, it is also important not to forget that illustrating the importance of this effect is not the only originality of this paper (as pointed out by reviewer 2), which is also written to show that an accurate approximation for the anamorphic transformations (providing a general non-Gaussian description of the marginal distribution for each random variable) can be obtained using a technically simple and efficient algorithm. Moreover, in our case, the theoretical basis for the effect already exists (as also pointed out by reviewer 2) and we used five examples to show how important it is in various ocean applications: