Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Intérêt de l'enrichissement sémantique pour une tâche de catégorisation de textes courts par méthode hybride avec peu de données d'entraînement

Nous avons developpe un systeme de classification multi-categoriel de textes courts, fonde sur une methode hybride, afin de determiner quel est l'apport de l'enrichissement semantique sur une telle tâche, avec peu de donnees d'entrainement. Pour cela, nous avons tout d'abord constitue differents corpus de documents. Une taxonomie du domaine a ete elaboree dans un but d'annotation lexicale semantique des textes. Par la suite, nous avons developpe un systeme de classification hybride (combinant apprentissage automatique et regles symboliques). Enfin, nous avons mis en place des mesures d'evaluation pour determiner les performances du classifieur. Nos resultats tendent a montrer que l'enrichissement semantique est positif car il ameliore les performances du classifieur. L'annotation semantique lexicale permet une meilleure representation des documents, sur laquelle se basent les methodes statistiques et symboliques. D'autre part, les regles symboliques comblent les lacunes de l'apprentissage automatique.
Effects of Curriculum Discourse Style on Eighth Graders' Recall and Problem Solving in Earth Science

This study investigated the effects of science curricula organized around topical (a collection of concepts or descriptions) and causal (superordinate principles directly related to underlying concepts) styles of discourse. The curricula were revised to control for number of concepts and amount of vocabulary, and numerous audiovisual materials (videodisc, films, and slides) were used throughout the study. This research attempted to extend prior work on discourse styles by substantially lengthening the intervention and controlling for students' background knowledge. The intervention involved 6 weeks of earth science materials. 46 eighth graders and 2 teachers participated in the study. All students were taught the same background knowledge for 4 weeks prior to the intervention and were randomly assigned to 1 of the 2 discourse groups. Posttests and maintenance tests indicated that students who were taught with material employing the causal style of discourse had significantly better retention of facts and concepts and were superior in applying this knowledge in problem-solving exercises.
The RpoN‐box motif of the RNA polymerase sigma factor σN plays a role in promoter recognition

The RNA polymerase sigma factor σN (σ54) is characterized by the presence, near the C‐terminal end of the protein, of a highly conserved sequence of 10 amino acids (ARRTVAKYRE) that has been termed the RpoN box. In order to examine the function of this motif, which is predicted to adopt an α‐helical stucture, we have isolated a number of mutations that alter residues within the box and examined the properties of the σN derivatives encoded by them. Certain mutations that alter charged and potentially exposed residues within the motif result in transcriptionally inactive proteins with impaired promoter recognition but no impairment in core RNA polymerase binding. We therefore suggest that the RpoN box could play a direct or indirect role in recognition of the −24, −12 promoter consensus that is characteristic of σN‐dependent genes.
Role of Wild Birds in the Spread of Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza Virus H5N1 and Implications for Global Surveillance

Abstract This paper reviews outbreaks of Asian-lineage highly pathogenic avian influenza virus (HPAIV) H5N1 in wild birds since June 2006, surveillance strategies, and research on virus epidemiology in wild birds to summarize advances in understanding the role of wild birds in the spread of HPAIV H5N1 and the risk that infected wild birds pose for the poultry industry and for public health. Surveillance of apparently healthy wild birds (“active” surveillance) has not provided early warning of likely infection for the poultry industry, whereas searches for and reports of dead birds (“passive” surveillance) have provided evidence of environmental presence of the virus, but not necessarily its source. Most outbreaks in wild birds have occurred during periods when they are experiencing environmental, physiologic, and possibly psychological stress, including adverse winter weather and molt, but not, apparently, long-distance migration. Examination of carcasses of infected birds and experimental challenge with strains of HPAIV H5N1 have provided insight into the course of infection, the extent of virus shedding, and the relative importance of cloacal vs. oropharyngeal excretion. Satellite telemetry of migrating birds is now providing data on the routes taken by individual birds, their speed of migration, and the duration of stopovers. It is still not clear how virus shedding during the apparently clinically silent phase of infection relates to the distance travelled by infected birds. Mounting an immune response and undertaking strenuous exercise associated with long migratory flights may be competitive. This is an area where further research should be directed in order to discover whether wild birds infected with HPAIV H5N1 are able or willing to embark on migration.
The Tail Feathers of Osprey Nestlings (Pandion haliaetus L.) as Indicators of Change in Mercury Load in the Environment of Southern Sweden (1969–1998): Case Study with a Note on the Simultaneous Intake of Selenium

Abstract The tail feathers of 104 osprey nestlings (Pandion haliaetus) from Lake Åsnen, southern Sweden, were analyzed for total mercury and selenium content. Concentrations of mercury in feathers from the western part of the lake fell during the period 1969–1998, when pollution from industrial mercury had decreased and a paper mill upstream of the lake was closed down in 1979. Nestlings from the eastern part of the lake had initially lower levels of mercury, predominantly from atmospheric fallout. The levels did not decrease during the period. The reason for the differences seems to be the limited water flow between the western and the eastern part of the lake. The selenium concentrations were constant over time and approximately the same in both parts of the lake. The total-Hg/Se ratio in the western part of the lake was 2.94, which is somewhat higher than the 1:1 molar ratio constant (2.54). This indicates that the bioaccumulated quantity of selenium which is thought to be protective for the organisms against the toxic effects of mercury, is somewhat insufficient to bind all body mercury.
Panic, agoraphobia, and vestibular dysfunction.

OBJECTIVE Otoneurological abnormalities have been reported in panic disorder. The purpose of this investigation was to determine the prevalence of such findings in panic disorder with and without agoraphobia and to discern whether vestibular dysfunction was associated with specific symptoms. METHOD Clinical audiological and vestibular tests were administered to 30 patients with uncomplicated panic disorder (without agoraphobia or with only mild agoraphobia), 29 patients with panic disorder with moderate to severe agoraphobia, 27 patients with anxiety but no history of panic attacks, 13 patients with depressive disorders but no history of anxiety or panic attacks, and 45 normal comparison subjects. Evaluators were blind to subjects' diagnostic group. Quantitative measures of subjects' discomfort with space and motion and of the frequency of certain symptoms between and during panic attacks were obtained. Anxiety state levels were measured during the vestibular tests. RESULTS Vestibular abnormalities were common in all the groups but most prevalent in the patients with panic disorder with moderate to severe agoraphobia. Vestibular dysfunction was associated with space and motion discomfort and with frequency of vestibular symptoms between, but not during, panic attacks. There were no major differences between the two panic groups in anxiety levels during vestibular testing. There were no significant differences between groups on the audiological component of the test battery. Exploratory data analysis indicated that the constellation of vestibular tests most specific for agoraphobia was one indicating compensated peripheral vestibular dysfunction. CONCLUSIONS Subclinical vestibular dysfunction, as identified by clinical tests, may contribute to the phenomenology of panic disorder, particularly to the development of agoraphobia in panic disorder patients.
P457/P654 Readings in the Science of Morality

This is a tentative list of readings for P457/P657, as of August 23, 2011. There are a total of 30 class meetings (every Tuesday and Thursday for 15 weeks). The reading(s) for each day are in the enumerated list. Notice that some days have two readings. If a day with two readings has them listed as “A:xxx” and “B:yyy”, then they are presented by different students. If a day with two readings has them listed as xxx with yyy, then they are presented by the same student. The order of readings will probably remain as listed here, but the exact day of each reading might flex. In particular, some days might cover two readings instead of only one, or one reading instead of two. Please check for subsequent updates and changes.
Core strength and lower extremity alignment during single leg squats.

INTRODUCTION/PURPOSE Muscles of the trunk, hip, and knee influence the orientation of the lower extremity during weight bearing activities. The purpose of this study was threefold: first, to compare the orientation of the lower extremity during a single leg (SL) squat among male and female athletes; second, to compare the strength of muscle groups in the trunk, hips, and knees between these individuals; and third, to evaluate the association between trunk, hip, and knee strength and the orientation of the knee joint during this activity. METHODS Twenty-four male and 22 female athletes participated in this study. Peak isometric torque was determined for the following muscle actions: trunk flexion, extension, and lateral flexion, hip abduction and external rotation, and knee flexion and extension. The frontal plane projection angle (FPPA) of the knee during a 45 degrees SL squat was determined using photo editing software. RESULTS Males and females moved in opposite directions during the SL squat test (F(1,42) = 5.05, P = 0.03). Females typically moved toward more extreme FPPA during SL squats (P = 0.056), while males tended to move toward more neutral alignment (P = 0.066). Females also generated less torque in all muscle groups, with the exception of trunk extension. The projection angle of the knee during the SL squat test was most closely associated with hip external rotation strength. CONCLUSION Using instruments suitable for a clinical setting, females were found to have greater FPPA and generally decreased trunk, hip, and knee isometric torque. Hip external rotation strength was most closely associated with the frontal plane projection angle.
Experimental measurement and modeling of multi-winding high-voltage transformer

A model of multi-winding high-voltage transformer is presented, which takes into account effects of leakage transformer, winding resistance and parasitic capacitance. The modeling method and the parameter determination procedure are applicable to all kinds of transformers. Using an LCR meter, all parameters, except the parasitic capacitance, can be determined from taking port impedance measurements. The parasitic capacitance can be calculated by considering the resonant circuit equations. Finally, the modeling approach and the parameter determination procedure have been illustrated experimentally with a 60 W 35 kHz high-voltage transformer. The port impedance simulations and measurements show good consistency in a wide frequency range from 10 kHz to 200 kHz.
Facilitating Group Creativity: Experience with a Group Decision Support System

Abstract:This paper reports on the results of research on the use of a group decision support system (gdss) for idea generation and analysis within a planning and decision laboratory environment. Our experience to date in the use of the idea generation models suggests that the technology does significantly influence the planning process. The automated version of the brainstorming model appears to neutralize many of the group effects that have been responsible for poor performance of group brainstorming in the past. Anonymity is maintained and group members appear to express their true feelings without fear of social disapproval. In addition, the automated idea generation models appear to neutralize the effects of an authority hierarchy in the group. The models allow parallel processing of ideas and prevent one group member from dominating the group discussion. All ideas are automatically recorded in the computer and are stored within the knowledge base for use throughout the planning process.Several facto.
High expression of ubiquitin conjugates and NF‐κB in unstable human intracranial atherosclerotic plaques

Arteries from the first segment of the middle cerebral and adjacent normal blood vessel specimens were collected from 19 patients who had died from cerebral infarction. According to morphologic examination the atherosclerotic plaque present was classified as stable or unstable. The expression of ubiquitin conjugates and nuclear factor kappa B (NF‐κB) was assessed and found significantly higher in plaques than normal tissue and higher in unstable plaques than in stable plaques. Ubiquitin conjugates and NF‐κB were positively correlated with each other. It was concluded that the ubiquitin proteasome system and NF‐κB possibly play a role in the development of atherosclerotic plaques in intracranial arteries. J. Cell. Physiol. 227: 784–788, 2012. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Finite element analysis of silicon gate all around Nanowire Transistor with different high-k dielectrics

Scaling down of the semiconductor devices from micro to Nano scale has now become the trend for the electronics industry and it is the only hope that can ensure lesser power consumption and also reliability. Ultra thin MOSFET's, Double Gate MOSFET's, FINFET and now the latest development is the Nanowire FET. The nanowire FET is a revolutionary device as the gate is all around the channel which provides better gate control and better switching applications. But as the devices are scaled down in size, the oxide layer which lies between the channel and the gate metal is also being reduced in thickness. In this process, when SiO2 is scaled down to nanometer range leakage current is observed in the device which was not prevalent in the micrometer range devices. In this paper, we present the application of high-k dielectrics in use with the Nanowire Field Effect Transistor. The transfer characteristics of the device is studies with three different dielectrics along with the energy band diagrams and trap occupancy in the devices.
PS169. Disruption of relationship between serotonin transporter and hippocampal volumes in first-episode drug-naïve major depressive disorder

s | 61 67%±13%). Functional MRI revealed decreased activation in the right inferior frontal (rIFC, pFWE-cluster=0.02) and left middle temporal gyri (lMTG, pFWE-cluster=0.03) to negative faces following citalopram infusion (for p=0.001 uncorrected on peak level). Conclusions: The newly implemented methods yielded serotonin transporter occupancy values in agreement with published data obtained using well validated procedures [1]. FMRI results are at odds with increased activity during an emotional paradigm in the lMTG following 10 days of SSRI treatment observed by our group [2]. Further, meta-analysis revealed lower activation to negative stimuli in the rIFC of depressed patients [3]. These preliminary results indicate that acute challenge with a subtherapeutic SSRI dose elicits brain activation changes distinct to those seen with prolonged treatment. It will be interesting to see what insights will arise from direct integration of molecular and functional imaging data in clinical populations.
The methods of FPGA software verification

With the FPGA widely applied in embedded system, more and more quality problems related to FPGA began to expose. The verification efficiency of FPGA software needs to be improved urgently. This paper started with the concept of FPGA software, proposing two methods: testbench and assertion analysis to solve the problem of FPGA software verification on the basis of comparing with traditional software. It cited the example of a RISC (Reduced Instruction Set Computer) CPU, described the implementation process of FPGA software verification methods from establishing simulation environment to verifying CPU function of reading and writing memory, and finally validated the effectiveness of the methods.
Biomineralization of Poorly Crystalline Fe(III) Oxides by Dissimilatory Metal Reducing Bacteria (DMRB)

Dissimilatory metal reducing bacteria (DMRB) catalyze the reduction of Fe(III) to Fe(II) in anoxic soils, sediments, and groundwater. Two-line ferrihydrite is a bioavailable Fe(III) oxide form that is exploited by DMRB as a terminal electron acceptor. A wide variety of biomineralization products result from the interaction of DMRB with 2-line ferrihydrite. Here we describe the state of knowledge on the biotransformation of synthetic 2-line ferrihydrite by laboratory cultures of DMRB using select published data and new experimental results. A facultative DMRB is emphasized ( Shewanella putrefaciens ) upon which most of this work has been performed. Key factors controlling the identity of the secondary mineral suite are evaluated including medium composition, electron donor and acceptor concentrations, ferrihydrite aging/recrystallization status, sorbed ions, and co-associated crystalline Fe(III) oxides. It is shown that crystalline ferric (goethite, hematite, lepidocrocite), ferrous (siderite, vivianite), and mixed valence (magnetite, green rust) iron solids are formed in anoxic, circumneutral DMRB incubations. Some products are well rationalized based on thermodynamic considerations, but others appear to result from kinetic pathways driven by ions that inhibit interfacial electron transfer or the precipitation of select phases. The primary factor controlling the nature of the secondary mineral suite appears to be the Fe(II) supply rate and magnitude, and its surface reaction with the residual oxide and other sorbed ions. The common observation of end-product mineral mixtures that are not at global equilibrium indicates that microenvironments surrounding respiring DMRB cells or the reaction-path trajectory (over Eh-pH space) may influence the identity of the final biomineralization suite.
Sensorless control for all types of synchronous motors using an on-line parameter identification

In this paper, I propose an on-line parameter identification method for all types of synchronous motors: especially, three main types, surface permanent magnet synchronous motors, interior permanent magnet synchronous motors, and synchronous reluctance motors. And sensorless control of synchronous motors using these identified parameters is realized. The proposed estimation method is based on an Extended EMF model, so the sensorless control method can be applied for all types of synchronous motors. And this identification method is based on the motor model that takes into account magnetic saturation, motor parameters can be identified in spite of generating magnetic saturation. The proposed method is verified by experiments of three kinds of synchronous motors.
Dendritic Cell Maturation Controls Adhesion, Synapse Formation, and the Duration of the Interactions with Naive T Lymphocytes

The initiation of adaptive immune responses requires the direct interaction of dendritic cells (DCs) with naive T lymphocytes. It is well established that the maturation state of DCs has a critical impact on the outcome of the response. We show here that mature DCs form stable conjugates with naive T cells and induce the formation of organized immune synapses. Immature DCs, in contrast, form few stable conjugates with no organized immune synapses. A dynamic analysis revealed that mature DCs can form long-lasting interactions with naive T cells, even in the absence of Ag. Immature DCs, in contrast, established only short intermittent contacts, suggesting that the premature termination of the interaction prevents the formation of organized immune synapses and full T cell activation.
Telbivudine treatment in chronic hepatitis B: experience from China

Telbivudine, one of the oral anti‐hepatitis B virus (HBV) nucleoside analogues, has been used for more than 5 years to treat HBeAg‐positive and ‐negative chronic hepatitis B (CHB) patients. This includes not only global Phase II and III trials, but also Chinese Phase III trials and several real‐world clinical practice studies from China. The present review will first focus on 1‐, 2‐ and 3‐year data of telbivudine therapy on HBV DNA suppression, alanine aminotransferase (ALT) normalization, hepatitis B e antigen (HBeAg) seroconversion, viral resistance and safety in HBeAg‐positive and ‐negative CHB patients. Second, telbivudine treatment predictors, including HBV DNA undetectability, ALT level and other immune‐related markers at 12 and 24 weeks will be summarized to optimize therapy. Besides several retrospective studies, the Chinese EFFORT prospective study adapted from telbivudine virological response at 24 weeks has shown very promising results. Finally, the Chinese experience of using telbivudine in the second and third trimesters of pregnancy to prevent perinatal transmission of HBV infection will be touched on citing the latest studies.
TissueCypher™: A systems biology approach to anatomic pathology

Background: Current histologic methods for diagnosis are limited by intra- and inter-observer variability. Immunohistochemistry (IHC) methods are frequently used to assess biomarkers to aid diagnoses, however, IHC staining is variable and nonlinear and the manual interpretation is subjective. Furthermore, the biomarkers assessed clinically are typically biomarkers of epithelial cell processes. Tumors and premalignant tissues are not composed only of epithelial cells but are interacting systems of multiple cell types, including various stromal cell types that are involved in cancer development. The complex network of the tissue system highlights the need for a systems biology approach to anatomic pathology, in which quantification of system processes is combined with informatics tools to produce actionable scores to aid clinical decision-making. Aims: Here, we describe a quantitative, multiplexed biomarker imaging approach termed TissueCypher™ that applies systems biology to anatomic pathology. Applications of TissueCypher™ in understanding the tissue system of Barrett's esophagus (BE) and the potential use as an adjunctive tool in the diagnosis of BE are described. Patients and Methods: The TissueCypher™ Image Analysis Platform was used to assess 14 epithelial and stromal biomarkers with known diagnostic significance in BE in a set of BE biopsies with nondysplastic BE with reactive atypia (RA, n = 22) and Barrett's with high-grade dysplasia (HGD, n = 17). Biomarker and morphology features were extracted and evaluated in the confirmed BE HGD cases versus the nondysplastic BE cases with RA. Results: Multiple image analysis features derived from epithelial and stromal biomarkers, including immune biomarkers and morphology, showed significant differences between HGD and RA. Conclusions: The assessment of epithelial cell abnormalities combined with an assessment of cellular changes in the lamina propria may serve as an adjunct to conventional pathology in the assessment of BE.