Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Moving research tools into practice: the successes and challenges in promoting uptake of classification tools

Abstract Purpose: In this paper, we present our experiences – both successes and challenges – in implementing evidence-based classification tools into clinical practice. We also make recommendations for others wanting to promote the uptake and application of new research-based assessment tools. Method: We first describe classification systems and the benefits of using them in both research and practice. We then present a theoretical framework from Implementation Science to report strategies we have used to implement two research-based classification tools into practice. We also illustrate some of the challenges we have encountered by reporting results from an online survey investigating 58 Speech-language Pathologists’ knowledge and use of the Communication Function Classification System (CFCS), a new tool to classify children’s functional communication skills. Result and conclusions: We offer recommendations for researchers wanting to promote the uptake of new tools in clinical practice. Specifically, we identify structural, organizational, innovation, practitioner, and patient-related factors that we recommend researchers address in the design of implementation interventions. Roles and responsibilities of both researchers and clinicians in making implementations science a success are presented. Implications for rehabilitation Promoting uptake of new and evidence-based tools into clinical practice is challenging. Implementation science can help researchers to close the knowledge-to-practice gap. Using concrete examples, we discuss our experiences in implementing evidence-based classification tools into practice within a theoretical framework. Recommendations are provided for researchers wanting to implement new tools in clinical practice. Implications for researchers and clinicians are presented.
Transurethral Implantation of Macroplastique® for the Treatment of Female Stress Urinary Incontinence Secondary to Urethral Sphincter Deficiency

Objective: To assess the results of transurethral implantation of Macroplastique® in women with stress incontinence secondary to urethral sphincter deficiency using subjective and objective outcome measures. Methods: A total of 60 women with genuine stress incontinence secondary to intrinsic urethral sphincter deficiency were treated with transurethral implantation of Macroplastique. The patients had undergone a mean of 1.9 (range 0–7) previous episodes of continence surgery. Up to three treatment episodes were used, if necessary. The outcome was assessed by telephone interview (56 patients, mean follow–up period 19 months) and videocystometry (41 patients, mean follow–up period 16 months). Transurethral ultrasound scanning was performed in a further 9 patients. Results: Symptomatically, 19.6% of the women interviewed by telephone considered themselves cured of their incontinence or were no longer using pads. A further 41.1% said their symptoms had significantly improved. Pad usage was reduced from a median of five to three pads per day (p<0.001). Videocystometry in 41 women (mean follow–up period 16 months) was normal in 16 patients (39%) and showed genuine stress incontinence in 18 (43.9%) and detrusor instability in 12 patients (29.3%). Overall, 71.4% stated that they would undergo the procedure again under the same circumstances, and 80.4% would recommend this form of treatment to a friend with the same condition. Transurethral ultrasound scanning was performed in 9 patients (5 subjectively improved or cured, 1 patient with persistent symptoms but normal cystometry, and 3 patients with persistent genuine stress incontinence). Hyperechoic foci were seen surrounding the proximal urethra, consistent with implanted Macroplastique boluses. When completely encircling the urethra, the outcome was generally good. A total of 10 patients have undergone or are awaiting open surgery, and 3 are awaiting repeat implantation. Conclusion: Sustained improvement or cure of genuine stress incontinence has been achieved using Macroplastique in a large proportion of women with intrinsic sphincter deficiency, often following previous unsuccessful continence surgery. Transurethral ultrasound may prove to be a clinically useful imaging technique for the assessment and subsequent management of treatment failure following Macroplastique implantation.
Friedreich‐like ataxia with retinitis pigmentosa caused by the His101Gln mutation of the α‐Tocopherol transfer protein gene

The α‐tocopherol transfer protein (α‐TTP) is a cytosolic liver protein that is presumed to function in the intracellular transport of α‐tocopherol, the most biologically active form of vitamin E. We studied 4 unrelated patients with autosomal recessive Friedreich‐like ataxia who had isolated vitamin E deficiency. A point mutation was identified in all of them at position 101 of the gene for α‐TTP, where histidine (CAT) was replaced with glutamine (CAG). Three of the 4 patients developed retinitis pigmentosa subsequent to the onset of ataxia. Neurological symptoms included ataxia, dysarthria, hyporeflexia, and decreased proprioceptive and vibratory sensations. Electrophysiological and pathological examinations showed that the cardinal sites affected were the central axons of dorsal root ganglion cells and the retina, with minor involvement of the peripheral sensory nerve, optic nerve, and pyramidal tract. The vitamin E tolerance test performed showed that the absorption of vitamin E was normal but that its decrease from the serum was accelerated. Oral administration of vitamin E appeared to halt the progression of visual and neurological symptoms. We propose a new treatable syndrome of Friedreich‐like ataxia and retinitis pigmentosa caused by a defect in the α‐TTP gene.
Automatic multi-label image annotation for smart cities

Automatic image annotation is a technique by which computer systems automatically assigns appropriate Keywords to input digital image. Smart cities are characterized by large volume of data, one of the prominent data types are images. In present research, images of smart cities are collected and then using automatic image annotation, several relevant indexing terms are proposed for every image. Using these terms, images may be categorized and further can be used in appropriate applications. Image annotation is also used in keyword based search applications. Here, the goal is to obtain images according to the input keyword given by the user. To accomplish this, Multi-label image annotation using K-nearest Neighbor (ML-KNN) is used. In this approach, images in the database need to be indexed with the terms in annotation vocabulary. Automatically annotated images of the image database prior to the search may thus be helpful in many situations such as distribution of land, water and residential areas which can aid in effective urban planning and governance.
The effects of nicotine content information on subjective and behavioural responses to nicotine-containing and denicotinized cigarettes

The effects of nicotine content information on subjective and behavioural responses to nicotine-containing and denicotinized cigarettes were examined in 30 dependent and 30 nondependent 12-h abstinent smokers. Using the four conditions of a balanced placebo design, participants were given either nicotine-containing cigarettes or denicotinized cigarettes during two laboratory sessions but were told that they received nicotine-containing cigarettes in one session and nicotine-free cigarettes in the other. During each session, participants completed subjective assessments before and after sampling three puffs from the assigned cigarette and were then invited to earn additional cigarette puffs using a computerized progressive ratio task. Regardless of the actual nicotine content, participants self-administered more cigarette puffs when they were told the cigarettes contained nicotine than when told the cigarettes were nicotine-free and tended to show a decrease in craving associated with the intention to smoke after cigarette sampling when told the cigarettes were nicotine-free relative to when they were told the cigarettes contained nicotine. However, regardless of nicotine instructions, participants given nicotine-containing cigarettes showed greater postsampling increases in subjective ratings of ‘satisfied’ and ‘stimulated’ than did those given denicotinized cigarettes. The findings suggest that nicotine dose expectancy can affect both subjective and behavioural indices of smoking reinforcement but that the satisfying and stimulating aspects of smoking are related to actual nicotine administration.
Viral infections in short-term injection drug users: the prevalence of the hepatitis C, hepatitis B, human immunodeficiency, and human T-lymphotropic viruses.

OBJECTIVES The purpose of this study was to estimate the prevalence and correlates of four blood-borne viral infections among illicit drug injectors with up to 6 years of injecting experience. METHODS We analyzed data from 716 volunteers recruited in 1988 and 1989. Test results for hepatitis C virus (HCV), hepatitis B virus (HBV), human immunodeficiency virus, type 1 (HIV), and human T-lymphotropic virus types I and II (HTLV) were examined across six sequential cohorts defined by duration of drug injection. RESULTS Overall, seroprevalence of HCV, HBV, HIV, and HTLV was 76.9%, 65.7%, 20.5% and 1.8%, respectively, and 64.7%, 49.8%, 13.9%, and 0.5%, respectively, among those who had injected for 1 year or less. Among the newest initiates, HCV and HBV were associated with injecting variables, and HIV was associated with sexual variables. CONCLUSIONS The high rates of HCV, HBV, and HIV infections among short-term injectors emphasizes the need to target both parenteral and sexual risk reduction interventions early. Renewed efforts at primary prevention of substance abuse are indicated.
Evaluation of C4ISR system effectiveness based on Markov logic networks

In this paper, the ability predicates are set up for the system's functional unit, and influence rules are built for dependent relationship in the system. With the mathematical relationship between ability indexes and weights of predicates, the factors with certain capability, uncertain performance, certain relationships, and uncertain influence in complex system are integrated together. Based on Markov Logic Networks (MLNs) framework, the effectiveness of functional units, subsystems and system are evaluated from functional units' layer, subsystems' layer to the top layer of systems' layer. The evaluation combined the evaluation of static entity's effectiveness and the evaluation reasoning under influence rules. At the end of paper, the evaluation model is examined by experiments and the results indicated some signification of the model.
Evaluation of chromosomal aberrations in patients with benign conditions and reactive changes in urinary cytology

Fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) is routinely used to help clarify atypical urinary cytology. However, to the authors' knowledge, little is known regarding the frequency of chromosomal aberrations in non‐neoplastic conditions that could potentially lead to false‐positive FISH results. The objective of the current study was to evaluate the frequency of chromosomal aberrations in benign cells of the urinary tract using the UroVysion FISH test.
[Role of Treg/Th17 balance in the pathogenesis of cytomegalovirus infection].

AIM To investigate the role of Treg/Th17 balance in the immune-regulated mechanism of cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection. METHODS According to the diagnostic criteria of the CMV infection, the patients with CMV infection were divided into the activate infection group and the latent infection group, and the normal children were recruited as control group. The percents of Treg and Th17 in peripheral blood were detected by flow cytometry to calculate Treg/Th17 ratio. ELISA and RT-PCR were performed to determine the levels of the related factors of Treg (IL-10, Foxp3) and Th17 (TGF-β, IL-17, IL-6, IL-23, ROR-γt), respectively. RESULTS Compared with the control group, the proportion of Treg in peripheral blood was reduced, Th17 increased, so Treg/Th17 ratio went down after CMV infection (P<0.05). By comparison between two groups of CMV infection, Treg/Th17 ratio and Treg related factors of the activate infection group decreased significantly (P<0.05), but Th17 related factors were up-regulated significantly (P<0.05). CONCLUSION Treg/Th17 balance takes part in the immune-regulated mechanism of CMV infection, and may be related to virus latent-active state.
Challenges of hybrid DGs for islanded micro-grid operation in west region energy system of Mongolia

In this paper, we deal with energetic aspects of electricity generation from the existing Hydro power and estimated large scale PV station in the Western Energy System of Mongolia, which is interconnected with Russian energy system and importing almost 70% of its electricity getting the amount of subsidies each year. The engineering concepts and calculations were made with the aims to investigate the technological and technical possibility for building up the capacity in this region to put the base stone of future study on detailed research activities on creating the challenges of islanded mode of the Western Energy System of Mongolia making suitable micro-grid with DGs. For achieving these goals the initial investigation was made in frame of the concepts, load profile trends and cases with hydro/PV hybrid plants concluding the benefits of such structure. The voltage-drop and power flow analyse was carried out in cases of:i) existing operation state of the Western Energy System with 5MW Durgun hydro, and ii) hybrid generation of 5 MW Durgun hydro + 3.4. 5.7,5 and 10MW PV plants are connected to the System.
Effective Segmentation of Organic Food Consumers in Vietnam Using Food-Related Lifestyles

The consumer purchase of environmentally friendly products like organic food is essential to environmental sustainability. This study applies the unique food-related lifestyles (FRL) approach to segment organic food consumers in Vietnam, a country in which there is increasing concern about food safety and quality. The FRL model was intentionally selected because it enables better understanding of how consumers employ food and its culinary aspects to achieve certain values in their lives. Data were obtained from 203 organic food consumers, and a two-step cluster analysis established three identifiable market segments which we named “Conservatives”, “Trendsetters”, and “Unengaged”. The Conservatives were interested in the health aspects of food and preferred natural products. The Trendsetters were interested in healthy food, liked to cook, and held a positive attitude toward organic food and local food products. The Unengaged consumers were not concerned about food-related issues, and they reported the least consumption of organic food. The findings of this study have important academic and practical implications for marketers, policymakers, organizations dealing with food, and socio-environmental organizations that aim to promote organic food consumption. Importantly, marketing efforts should focus on enhancing consumers’ knowledge about organic food and their love of cooking, as well as ensuring adequate availability of organic food.
B- and T-cell-specific inactivation of thioredoxin reductase 2 does not impair lymphocyte development and maintenance

Abstract Thioredoxin reductases (Txnrds) are a group of selenoenzymes participating in cellular redox regulation. Three Txnrd isoforms are known, each of which exhibits distinct cellular localisation and tissue-specific expression pattern. Txnrd1 is found in the cytoplasm, expression of Txnrd2 is restricted to mitochondria and Txnrd3 shows testis-specific expression. Recently, it was shown that Txnrd2 strongly affects the development of blood cells, since mouse embryos deficient for Txnrd2 are severely anaemic, show increased apoptosis in foetal liver and possess haematopoietic liver stem cells of reduced capacity to proliferate in vitro. However, because Txnrd2-deficient mice die at embryonic day 13.5, it was not known how this enzyme affects blood cell function in the adult animal. In the present study we show that conditional Txnrd2 knockouts generated using CD4- and CD19Cre transgenic mice lack Txnrd2 expression in CD4-- and CD19-positive T- and B-lymphocytes, respectively. However, the development and differentiation of both cell types in thymus and bone marrow was not significantly impaired. In addition, B-cell proliferation and activation in response to CD40 and IL-4 was unaltered in Txnrd2-deficient B-cells.
Acute adaptation of carbohydrate metabolism to decreased arterial PO2.

To assess the interaction of arterial PO2 (PaO2) and glucose metabolism, conscious 18-h-fasted dogs with chronically implanted sampling catheters (carotid artery, iliac vein) and flow probe (external iliac artery) were studied during inspiration of air containing 21 (n = 9), 14 (n = 6), 11 (n = 4), or 8% (n = 5) O2. Isotopic and arteriovenous methods were used to assess carbohydrate metabolism. PaO2 was 103 +/- 3, 64 +/- 4, 45 +/- 4, and 30 +/- 1 mmHg with decreased inspired O2. Although limb O2 delivery was reduced (51 +/- 6, 42 +/- 8, 39 +/- 7, and 34 +/- 5 ml/min), limb O2 uptake was not compromised. Plasma insulin was 9 +/- 1, 8 +/- 2, 14 +/- 2, and 16 +/- 3 microU/ml, and glucagon was 53 +/- 3, 49 +/- 3, 64 +/- 5, and 101 +/- 7 pg/ml with decreasing O2. Plasma epinephrine and cortisol were increased whereas norepinephrine was unaffected. Glycemia was unaffected by reduced O2, whereas hepatic glucose output (14 +/- 1, 19 +/- 3, 21 +/- 1, and 22 +/- 1 mumol.kg-1.min-1) and glucose disappearance (14 +/- 2, 18 +/- 3, 20 +/- 1, and 22 +/- 2 mumol.kg-1.min-1) rose similarly. Limb glucose uptake (LGU) rose (21.5 +/- 4.7, 21.2 +/- 5.6, 30.6 +/- 4.7, and 45.3 +/- 9.7 mumol/min) with decreasing O2 because of greater fractional extraction (0.023 +/- 0.005, 0.024 +/- 0.005, 0.031 +/- 0.004, and 0.043 +/- 0.004). Of the increased LGU, approximately 33 and 67% were metabolized oxidatively and nonoxidatively. (ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Short communication. Baseline factors associated with haematological toxicity that leads to a dosage reduction of pegylated interferon-alpha2a and ribavirin in HIV- and HCV-coinfected patients on HCV antiviral therapy.

OBJECTIVE To assess the baseline factors associated with haematological toxicity that lead to ribavirin or pegylated interferon (peginterferon) dosage reductions in hepatitis C and human immunodeficiency virus (HCV/HIV)-coinfected patients. DESIGN Multicentre, prospective, observational study. SETTING Eleven hospitals in Spain during the period 2002-2003. SUBJECTS AND METHODS One-hundred and forty-two HIV/HCV-coinfected patients received peginterferon-alpha2a plus ribavirin. Baseline characteristics and haematological parameters were recorded at baseline, week 4, 8, 12, 24 and 48. Cox's regression model was used to study the factors associated with the appearance of a haemoglobin level below 10g/dl (haemoglobin-endpoint), a neutrophil count below 750/mm(3) (neutrophil-endpoint) and a platelet count below 50,000/mm(3) (platelet-endpoint). RESULTS Nineteen patients (13.4%) reached the haemoglobin-endpoint, 22.5% the neutrophil-endpoint and 7% the platelet-endpoint. Mean time of follow-up was 8 months (+/-3.5). A baseline haemoglobin level below 14g/dl [hazard ratio (HR): 3.65; 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.46-9.06] and treatment with zidovudine (HR: 3.25; 95% CI: 1.31-8.11) were the independent factors associated with the appearance of the haemoglobin-endpoint. A baseline neutrophil below 2050/mm(3) (HR: 3.59; 95% CI: 1.77-7.28) and baseline weight <60 kg (HR: 2.21; 95% Cl: 1.04-4.56) were independently associated with the appearance of the neutrophil-endpoint. Baseline platelet count (x1000/mm(3) decrease) (HR: 1.074; 95% CI: 1.04-1.11) was independently associated with the appearance of the platelet-endpoint. CONCLUSIONS Baseline factors allow the identification of a subset of HIV/HCV-coinfected patients who are prone to experience haematological toxicity during HCV antiviral therapy.
Uterine tumour resembling ovarian sex cord tumour: first report of a large series with follow‐up

Uterine tumour resembling ovarian sex cord tumour (UTROSCT) is an uncommon mesenchymal neoplasm of uncertain histogenesis. While it is considered a neoplasm of uncertain but low malignant potential, there is limited evidence for this as there are no large studies with follow‐up. We aimed to determine the clinical behaviour of this uncommon neoplasm and investigate clinicopathological parameters which predict behaviour.
Stent malapposition caused by improper rewiring during left main intervention: The role of intravascular ultrasound in avoidance and management—A case report

The optimal technique for bifurcation stenting of distal Left main (LM) lesions remains unestablished and controversial. Some techniques with superior stent apposition, such as culotte technique were supposed to be associated with lower rate of stent thrombosis. However, with culotte technique, the double‐stent layer at the carina and in the proximal part of the bifurcation, may lead to difficult or improper rewiring of the side branch before final kissing balloon postdilatation (KBP). We describe a case of distal LM disease associated with distal left circumflex (LCX) and posterior descending artery stenosis. During LM stenting using culotte technique, improper rewiring of LCX before final KBP caused malapposition of the inner sent layer at the mid part of LM. Despite the optimal angiographic result, intravascular ultrasound (IVUS) was able to detect stent malapposition and guided further management to achieve complete stent apposition. The present case indicates that IVUS is an essential tool for LM stenting particularly when applying double stent strategy requiring final rewiring before KBP. Moreover, we suggest that some tools, such as Crusade and Venture catheters, can be used to ensure proper rewiring and hence, prevent subsequent stent malapposition, which may lead to catastrophic complications such as early and late LM stent thrombosis. © 2011 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.