Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Actividad emprendedora rural y urbana: el caso de Navarra

El presente trabajo estudia el emprendimiento en el habitat rural y urbano y los factores que lo determinan para el caso de Navarra. Nuestros analisis muestran una menor tasa de emprendimiento naciente en el habitat rural. Estas diferencias van vinculadas a factores relacionados con la demanda y la aglomeracion de personas y no tanto a los factores socioculturales que favorecen o dificultarn el emprendimiento rural.
Demographic Risk Factors for Alcohol-Related Aggression In and Around Licensed Venues.

AIMS Few studies have examined the role of gender and both area-level and individual socio-economic status (SES) as independent predictors of alcohol-related aggression (ARA) in and around licensed venues. METHODS The aim of the present study was to investigate the relationship between gender, area-level SES and individual SES (operationalised as occupational category) and ARA in and around licensed venues. The sample comprised 697 men and 649 women aged 16-47, who completed a patron intercept survey as part of a larger study assessing trends in harm and stakeholders' views surrounding local community level interventions in dealing with alcohol-related problems in the night-time economy. RESULTS Binary logistic regression analyses showed that age, gender, occupational category, area-level SES and level of intoxication at time of interview were all significant predictors of involvement in ARA. Being male doubled the odds of involvement in ARA, while age was a protective factor. Blue collar workers had more than double the odds of ARA involvement of professionals, while those living in the most socio-economically disadvantaged areas were over twice as likely to report experiencing ARA compared to those living in the most advantaged areas. However, assessment of the predictive model by gender revealed that effects of age, occupational category and area-level SES were restricted to male participants, with greater intoxication no longer predictive. CONCLUSIONS ARA among patrons was significantly more likely to occur among men, those in blue collar occupations, and individuals living in low SES areas, suggesting both individual and area-level disadvantage may play a role in ARA.
Efficacy of Prophylactic Use of Trimethoprim–Sulfamethoxazole in Autoimmune Neutropenia in Infancy

Purpose Most children with autoimmune neutropenia (AIN) have a benign clinical course because of the spontaneous resolution of neutropenia. The authors observed the clinical course of AIN in infancy accompanied by the prophylactic use of trimethoprim–sulfamethoxazole (TMP-SMX) during neutropenia. Patients and Methods Eight infants with AIN were followed by serial tests for antineutrophil antibodies and management of infectious complications. Results The spontaneous disappearance of antineutrophil antibodies that preceded the normalization of the neutrophil count was found in all patients. Until the resolution of neutropenia, TMP-SMX was administered in five patients, resulting in a reduction in the incidence of infection with no adverse effects. Conclusions These observations demonstrate the possibility of the safety and usefulness of TMP-SMX treatment in patients with AIN.
The effects of supplementation of the diet with highly palatable foods upon energy balance in the rat.

Full energy balance studies have been performed for 9 weeks on four groups of four adult female rats housed in a continuously running indirect calorimeter; for four weeks two of the groups received highly palatable foods in addition to a standard pelleted diet. A further sixteen groups, of which eight received the palatable foods, provided additional carcass composition data. All practicable precautions were taken to measure energy exchange accurately. Comparison of ‘start‐to‐finish’ apparent energy balance with carcass composition changes showed a systematic error of approx. +3% of energy throughput. This was most probably caused by losses of energy in food and excreta, which led to over‐estimation of energy intake. Variations among individual balance periods added a standard error of approx. +/‐ 1%: the source of error here was probably imperfect matching of animals analysed at intermediate stages. The rats offered the palatable foods increased their metabolizable energy (m.e.) intake by 106 kJ/day, 51% of the control groups’ intake, in the first week of supplementation. Over the whole 4 weeks of supplementation the increase was 64 kJ/day, or 31%. Withdrawal of the palatable foods led to an immediate fall in intake to about two‐thirds of control level, and a return to control level over the next 2‐3 weeks. Energy expenditure rose more slowly than intake, reaching a fairly steady level ca. 5 days after introduction of the palatable foods. Expenditure was then ca. 22 kJ/day above control level; an increase of 12% above control expenditure or, allowing for systematic and random errors, 33‐37% of the additional m.e. intake. Expenditure returned to control level over the 2 weeks after ceasing supplementation. The experimental groups gained weight at a declining rate throughout the period of supplementation. The gain in live body weight at the end was ca. 32 g, but this comprised a carcass weight gain of 37 g and a loss of 5 g gastrointestinal tract contents. The carcass weight gain comprised 27 g fat (i.e. ca. 70% of the weight gained), 9 g lean tissue and 1 g additional water. The gain of carcass energy was 1100 kJ. There was a small increase in body length, an increase in liver weight, and an increase in the weight of the interscapular brown adipose tissue pad. Regression analysis showed that the increase in the weight of the interscapular brown adipose tissue pad reflected the increase in total body fat. (ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)
Mutational analyses of the intergenic dinucleotide and the transcriptional start sequence of vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV) define sequences required for efficient termination and initiation of VSV transcripts

We have used dicistronic vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV) minigenomes to dissect the functional importance of the nontranscribed intergenic dinucleotide and the conserved transcription start sequence found at the beginning of all VSV genes. The minigenomes were generated entirely from cDNA and contained the G and M protein genes, flanked by the leader and trailer regions from the Indiana serotype of VSV. All mutations were made either within the nontranscribed M-G intergenic dinucleotide or within the transcription start sequence of the downstream G gene. Immunofluorescence microscopy and immunoprecipitation analysis of the mutated minigenomes indicated that the first three nucleotides of the transcriptional start sequence are the most critical for efficient VSV gene expression, whereas the nontranscribed, intergenic dinucleotide and the other conserved nucleotides found at the 5' mRNA start sequence can tolerate significant sequence variability without affecting G protein production. RNA analysis indicated that nucleotide changes in the transcriptional start sequence which resulted in reduced G protein expression correlated with the amount of transcript present. Therefore, this conserved sequence appears to be required for efficient transcript initiation following polyadenylation of the upstream mRNA. While the minimum sequence for efficient transcription (3'-UYGnn-5') is similar to that of other rhabdoviruses, it is not homologous to the start sites for viruses from the Paramyxoviridae or Filoviridae families. Using Northern blot analysis, we also found that some nucleotide changes in the nontranscribed intergenic region resulted in higher levels of read-through transcription. Therefore, the nontranscribed intergenic dinucleotide plays a role in transcript termination.
Precipitating antigens of the normal human prostate.

Several studies initiated in this laboratory have dealt with the immunological and immunochemical characterization of normal and pathological human prostatic fluid (Soanes, Gabrielli & Felch, 1961 ; Shulman, Bronson, Gonder & Soanes, 1963; Soanes, Shulman, Mamrod, Barnes & Gonder, 1963; Barnes, Soanes, Gonder, Mamrod & Shulman, 1963; Barnes, Shulman, Gonder & Soanes, 1965). Stimulated by the possibility of pursuing similar studies on the human prostate gland, experiments were designed to define the antigenic constitution of the gland under normal, benign and malignant conditions through the production of antibodies by heteroimmunization with appropriate extract preparations. This communication presents the results of preliminary studies of rabbit antibodies to normal human prostatic tissue as evaluated by double diffusion gel precipitation. For the production of heteroimmune sera to antigens of normal human prostatic tissue, saline extracts prepared from pooled human prostate glands obtained at autopsy from a variety of clinical cases other than diseases of the
Design and efficiency analysis of stand-alone power conditioning system for fuel-cell

In this paper, a fuel-cell power generating system using interleaved full-bridge converter has been designed and efficiency analysis was implemented. To generate power from fuel-cell stack, DC-DC converter and DC-AC inverter is needed. DC-DC converter boost from low voltage of fuel-cell stack to high voltage and supplies the power to inverter. To improve efficiency of converter, optimum design is needed. System stability, range of ZVS, system losses on full-bridge converter are analyzed. A fuel-cell power generating system using interleaved full-bridge converter has been designed and efficiency analysis was implemented. Simulation and experiment was implemented to verify theological analysis considering the characteristics of fuel-cell.
Interdependence of Exchangeable Sodium and Plasma Renin Concentration in Determining Blood Pressure in Patients Treated by Maintenance Dialysis

Plasma renin concentration and exchangeable sodium were measured in 13 patients with terminal renal failure maintained by dialysis therapy. Blood pressure in seven “responsive” patients was controlled by ultrafiltration but was not controlled in six “resistant” patients. Plasma renin concentration was inversely related to exchangeable sodium in the responsive group but was inappropriately high for the level of exchangeable sodium in the resistant group. There was a better correlation between mean blood pressure and the product of plasma renin concentration and exchangeable sodium than with renin concentration alone. These results indicate that a severely diseased kidney can respond to changes in exchangeable sodium by alterations in renin secretion and they also support the concept that the potential pressor effect of renin is modified by exchangeable sodium. The product of the two factors might be used to determine the “effective” plasma renin concentration in respect of blood pressure.
SELECTING A SELLING INSTITUTION: AUCTIONS VERSUS SEQUENTIAL SEARCH *

We consider the seller's choice between sequential search and an auction when selling n homogeneous units of a good in the presence of informational asymmetries, discounting, and transaction costs. Our analysis shows that the expected return per unit from sequential selling decreases in n, the number of units being sold. For the auction with suitable restrictions, the expected return per unit increases in n. Thus, sequential search is the preferred institution if n is small, whereas the auction is preferred if n is large. Historical details of the evolution of livestock markets closely fit our theoretical results.
Factors Affecting Productivity of Pipe Spool Fabrication

Pipe spool fabrication is an early stage in industrial construction projects and is crucial for the successful delivery of a project. Pipe spool fabrication is a complex and uncertain process due to the uniqueness of its products. The productivity of the fabrication process and the factors aecting productivity are therefore of great importance to project managers and construction researchers alike. Being able to identify all of the sig- nificant factors aecting productivity is critical to the ability to accurately estimate productivity and ultimately improve the fabrication process. This paper introduces the factors that aect the productivity of the pipe spool fabrication process that are not accounted for in the production unit of spools. In addition, the impact of each factor on productivity is illustrated, and dierent methods for modeling these factors are proposed. This paper provides a framework for a more comprehensive approach to estimating the productivity using the production unit of spools.
Relationship of gap junction formation to phosphorylation of connexin43 in mouse preimplantation embryos

To clarify the relationship of gap junction formation to phosphorylation of connexin43 (Cx43) in mouse preimplantation embryos, immunofluorescence and Western blot analysis were conducted. Immunofluorescence showed Cx43 positive spots first at the mid‐eight‐cell stage (6 hr postdivision to the eight‐cell stage). The number of spots increased from 6 to 15 hr postdivision to the eight‐cell stage. Western blot analysis suggested Cx43 to possibly be present in the nonphosphorylated form at the mid‐four‐cell stage (6 hr postdivision to the four‐cell stage), and phosphorylated Cx43 to increase from the mid‐eight‐cell stage (6 hr post‐division to the eight‐cell stage) onward. Dibutyryl cAMP (dbcAMP), a protein kinase A (PKA) activator, added to the culture medium increased the phosphorylation of Cx43 and Cx43 positive spots. The tumor promoter 12‐O‐tetradecanoylphorbol‐13‐acetate (TPA), a protein kinase C (PKC) activator, increased the phosphorylation of Cx43, but decreased Cx43 positive spots. These results suggest that the phosphorylation of Cx43, induced by different protein kinase, leads to a different effect on gap junction formation in mouse preimplantation embryos. Mol. Reprod. Dev. 55:393–398, 2000. © 2000 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
GCH-OSQL: a temporally-oriented object-oriented query language based on a three-valued logic

The need of managing temporal information given at different levels of granularity and indeterminacy is common to many application areas. Between them, we focus on the management of clinical data. Different time granularities are also needed in querying temporal databases. In this paper, we describe GCH-OSQL (Granular Clinical History-Object Structured Query Language), an object-oriented temporally-oriented extension of SQL. GCH-OSQL is based on an object-oriented temporal data model, named GCH-OODM. GCH-OODM allows storage of temporal information at different and mixed granularities. GCH-OSQL deals with the valid time of temporal data. The temporal extension of the SELECT statement includes the addition of the TIME-SLICE and MOVING WINDOW clauses, and the capability of referring to the temporal dimension of objects in the WHERE and SELECT clauses.
Blended-learning como herramienta para disminuir la deserción de alumnos

CONTEXTO Desde su nacimiento la UTN (Universidad Tecnologica Nacinal) se ha caracterizado por contar con una matricula con un alto porcentaje de alumnos que trabajan. La Facultad Regional Gral. Pacheco por hallarse inmersa en un polo industrial, posee un 90% de alumnos con una insercion laboral superior a las 40 hs semanales. Teniendo en cuenta los horarios de dictado, el tiempo que los educandos le pueden dedicar al estudio es escaso. En 1999 se inicia en la catedra de Informatica I del departamento de Ciencias Basicas de la Universidad Tecnologica Nacional Facultad Regional Gral. Pacheco con un trabajo metodico y sistematico de exploracion y analisis de las estadisticas , a esa fecha como experiencia piloto, que permitio detectar una tasa de abandonadores superior al 40 % de la matricula en los alumnos del primer ano asi como un promedio de duracion de la carrera de mas de 10 anos. Para poder identificar las causas de ese alto indice de abandono se realizaron durante seis meses entrevistas informales con los alumnos y de ellas se pudo determinar que la causa mas mencionada era la incompatibilidad de las obligaciones laborales con las obligaciones de cursada. Asi, surge la necesidad de ofrecerles estrategias pedagogicas y herramientas que les permitan estudiar, reduciendo los tiempos presenciales, mejorando y ampliando los materiales que requiere para el autoaprendizaje. Para estos casos, la modalidad b-learning seria una alternativa altamente viable.
Can Heterozygosity of MTHFR and Hyperhomocysteinemia be Risk Factors for Both Retinal/Vitreal Hemorrhages in Retinal Vasculitis and Retinal Vein Occlusion?

Retinal vein occlusion (RVO) is one of the most common vascular diseases of the eye and a frequent cause of severe visual loss. It is multifactorial in origin with both local factors and systemic diseases being of etiological importance. Many thrombophilic conditions have recently been identified and studies looking at their potential role in RVO have been undertaken. The aim of this study was to investigate the role of methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) heterozigosity associated with normal homocysteine level in blood as risk factor for thromboembolic retinal/vitreal manifestations in patients with retinal vasculitis (RV) and RVO where the other risk factors (such as hypertension; atherosclerosis; diabetes; antiphospholipid syndrome) are excluded. Second question was if anticoagulation treatment should be applied together with systemic corticosteroids and/ immunosuppressive therapy? Results obtained from the examined group showed that heterozigosity for MTHFR C677T gene is of statistical significance and correlates with raised values of homocysteine (correlation coefficient = 0.23). At the same time increased levels of homocysteine correlate (correlation coefficient = 0.01) with appearance of RVO. At r = 0.67, if there is no RV present, existence of a single mutated allele for MTHFR C677T gene does not correlate with RVO. There is however significant correlation between the mutation for MTHFR and hemorrhagic type of RV associated with RVO and/ with isolated hemorrhagic vasculitis without RVO (correlation coefficient = 0.33; correlation coefficient = 0.27; respectively).
Vaccine Design for CD 8 T Lymphocyte Responses

Vaccines are arguably the most powerful medical intervention in the fight against infectious diseases. The enormity of the global human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV)/acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) pandemic makes the development of an AIDS vaccine a scientific and humanitarian priority. Research on vaccines that induce T-cell immunity has dominated much of the recent development effort, mostly because of disappointing efforts to induce neutralizing antibodies through vaccination. Whereas T cells are known to limit HIV and other virus infections after infection, their role in protection against initial infection is much less clear. In this article, we will review the rationale behind a T-cell-based vaccine approach, provide an overview of the methods and platforms that are being applied, and discuss the impact of recent vaccine trial results on the future direction of T-cell vaccine research.
Response of Nutrients and Primary Production over the Shelf in the East China Sea to the Reduction of Oceanic Nutrient Supply

A three-dimensional coupled biophysical model was used to examine the response of oceanic nutrients and primary production over the continental shelf to reduction of the oceanic nutrient supply in the East China Sea (ECS). The model consisted of two parts: the hydrodynamic module was based on a nested model with a horizontal resolution of 1/18 degree, whereas the biological module was a low trophic level ecosystem model including two types of phytoplankton, three elements of nutrients, and biogenic organic material. After completing a control calculation designed to reproduce the climatological conditions of this low trophic level ecosystem, the concentrations of nutrients in the Kuroshio water were artificially reduced by 30%. A reduction in nutrients over the shelf was then observed in the bottom layer from spring to summer, and in the surface layer from autumn to winter. A reduction in primary production over the shelf was found not only in the surface layer in winter but also in the subsurface layer over the shelf from spring to autumn.
Is asthma prevention possible with dietary manipulation?

IN OTHER JOURNALS . 297 MOULDING THE SURGICAL MIND William Hunter, 18th-century obstetrician and medical educator, once described surgeons as “savages with knives”. Ironically, one of these savages, his brother John, became one of surgery’s icons. In their time, patients were pinned down, screaming and squirming, by burly assistants, and the surgeon’s fame rested on his dexterity, precision and speed. Then, surgeons were feared, surgery was limited in frequency and scope, and plagued by deadly sepsis. The arrivals of anaesthesia, antisepsis and asepsis changed all that. Now, surgeons are revered, surgery’s scope is virtually unlimited, and waiting list numbers swell. But what is the image of the modern surgeon? In their recent review, Surgeons and cognitive processes, Australian surgeons John Hall and Jeffrey Hamdorf and educator Carleen Ellis focus on this image. Surgery continues to be a maledominated fraternity of adherents of resolute action, aggression, technology and defensive detachment in practice. Their expertise is bound up in experience, and entry into their ranks is influenced by sex and an “intolerance of ambiguity, excessive reliance on high technology, a negative orientation towards psychological problems and a Machiavellianism.expressed as ‘the means justifies the end’ or ‘whatever it takes’. ” But Hall and his colleagues believe that something is missing in the moulding of surgical minds — an emphasis on analysis, problem-solving, evaluation, discrimination and judgement. In short, surgeons’ training is short on thinking, reasoning and understanding. The call by Hall and colleagues to move the focus from action to reflection is not new. Eminent US surgeon William J Mayo once observed that “Surgery is more a matter of mental grasp than it is of handicraftsmanship. ” Stressing this mental grasp requires a seismic shift in surgery’s culture.
Factors affecting recidivism and return to prison male prisoners in the prisons of the west of Guilan and strategies for prevention

156 Factors affecting recidivism and return to prison male prisoners in the prisons of the west of Guilan and strategies for prevention Majeed Sanei 1, *, Seyyed Mahmoud Mir-Khalili 2 1Department of Criminal law & Criminology, Islamic Azad University Bandar e Anzali, International branch, Iran 2Faculty of Law, Farabi College, University of Tehran, Iran Abstract: Unlike judicial approach, criminological approach believes that the remedy to prevent recidivism and offenders returning to prison is in the correct understanding of influential factors such as individual and social factors. And it believes that noticing to the role of these factors, in particular the issues of prisoners, has more benefits. This study, factors affecting recidivism and return to prison among male prisoners in the prisons of the west of Guilan and strategies for prevention, searches for identifying the factors, and its data are gathered by using a simple 31_item questionnaire of 200 prisoners with precedence in this area between Aban 92 to Khordad 93. It also tries to explain the concept of recidivism and the role of legislative and judicial protection, particularly the judicial system, and study the courts of justice and prisons recidivism rate.