Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Design and experimental analysis of a DC to 1 MHz closed loop magnetoresistive current sensor

This paper presents the improvement of a commercially available current sensor based on the anisotropic magneto-resistive effect for applications requiring high bandwidth current measurement such as high switching frequency single-phase and three-phase unity power factor PWM rectifier systems. The sensor concept is of special interest as it could be packaged into compact power processing units and integrated power electronic modules. In this paper the anisotropic magneto-resistive effect, as well as the analog interface electronic for signal conditioning for integrated current sensing are discussed. The sensor functional principle, the advantages and limitations are shown in detail. The measured sensor characteristics are also shown. Finally, improvements are discussed which involves further reduction of the size and the offset calibration procedure
EDUCAÇÃO AMBIENTAL COMO INSTRUMENTO DE FORMAÇÃO DO SUJEITO ECOLÓGICO

Este trabalho faz parte do projeto O locus da Etica na Educacao Ambiental desenvolvido junto ao Grupo de Pesquisa Instituicao Educacional: Gestao e Organizacao do Programa de Pos-Graduacao stricto senso em Educacao da Unoeste. Nos ultimos anos, podemos observar as inumeras catastrofes ambientais e alteracoes climaticas que vem ocorrendo, estes fatos nao sao por acaso, mas de acordo com parte da comunidade cientifica, respostas da natureza diante das agressoes provocadas pelo homem. Um dos grandes desafios sociais esta relacionado a formacao educacional intrinsecamente ligada a formacao etica e moral, na medida em que a Etica, desde suas origens gregas ate os dias atuais, e o campo do saber humano voltado para a acao humana. Assim sendo, sera tracado uma visao panorâmica do quadro atual apontando como um dos caminhos necessarios a resolucao deste problema a Educacao Ambiental, no potencial de transformacao social em que pese a formacao do Sujeito Ecologico. A pesquisa possui uma abordagem qualitativa de cunho fenomenologico e base hermeneutica, cujo procedimento utilizados foram o levantamento bibliografico e documental.
Comrades against quietism: reply to Simon Blackburn on truth and objectivity

Simon Blackburn would like to turn what he views as the prevailing tide of metaphysical opinion-the "pragmatist", "internal realist", "minimalist", "defiationist", or "quietist" tide of what he nicely describes as the "denial of differences, the celebration of the seamless web of language, the soothing away of distinction". 1 While a little unsure of my welcomeand doubtful, actually, how strong the current against us really is I am happy to join him in the water. Truth and Objectivity is dedicated to explaining the kinds of distinction which are rejected by the trend Blackburn deplores. The whole project of the book is the cartography of "contour"the characterization of dimensions in which different areas of our thought and discourse might vary and, by so varying, give point to "realist" and "anti-realist" thoughts about them. Blackburn acknowledges this (if maybe a little grudgingly). However he claims a "more contoured" vision of the metaphysical landscape than mine. I think the image misrepresents our main differences. For whilealthough contesting some of the detailshe broadly applauds the contrasts emphasized in my book, it is not as if there are then additional discriminations which he would have me make. His complaint is not that I draw too few distinctions, but that I draw the wrong distinctions-or mischaracterize distinctions which we agree should be drawn. For instance, he wants to prevent the territory traditionally occupied by expressivist anti-realist proposals from being swallowed up by the minimalism about truth and truth-aptitude advanced in Truth and Objectivity, to reserve space for the idea that the "propositional surface" of moral language, or conditionals, or talk of probabilities, for instance, may serve to mask the real nature of what is happening in discourses of those kinds. Yet while he regards expressivism, broadly construed, as giving an account of the workings of certain discourses alternative and preferable to the proposal that they are "qualified by no interesting feature serving to give point to an intuitive realism about [them]-that [they deploy] minimally truth-apt
A neural circuit for coordinating reaching with grasping: autocompensating variable initial apertures, perturbations to target size, and perturbations to target orientation

A neural network model is presented, that extends principles of the VITE (vector integration to end-point) model (Bullock and Grossberg, 1988, Bullock et al., 1998, 1999) of primate reaching to the more complex case of reach-grasp coordination. The main new planning problem addressed by the model is how to simulate human data on temporal coordination between reaching and grasping, while at the same time remaining stable and compensating for altered initial apertures and perturbations of object size and object location/orientation. Simulations of the model replicate key features of four different experimental protocols with a single set of parameters. The proposed circuit computes reaching to grasp trajectories in real-time, by continuously updating vector positioning commands, and with no precomputation of total or component movement times. The model consists of three generator channels: transport, which generates a reaching trajectory; aperture, which controls distance between thumb and index finger; and orientation, which controls hand orientation vis-a-vis target's orientation.
Lactate is an alternative energy fuel to glucose in neurons under anesthesia

The uptake of [14C]lactate was measured in the brains of mice anesthetized with pentobarbital or chloral hydrate. The results showed significant increase of the [14C]lactate uptake in the brain under both anesthesia. Despite energy metabolism in the brain being suppressed by both pentobarbital and chloral hydrate, the [14C]lactate uptake was unexpectedly increased under anesthesia. [14C]Lactate uptake in rat brain injured by infusion of quinolic acid was significantly decreased, and the reduction of [14C]lactate uptake was parallel to neural cell death, suggesting that exogenous lactate might be selectively taken up by neuron. These results indicated that lactate rather than glucose might serve as an energy substrate for neuron in intact brain under anesthesia.
Simulation study of extraordinary optical transmission induced by sub-wavelength nanopore arrays towards label-free biochemical analysis

Label-free optical biochemical analysis approach is an advantageous alternative to traditional label-based techniques and has a wide range of applications. Extraordinary optical transmission (EDT), another form of surface plasmonic resonance induced by sub-wavelength nanopore arrays, has recently drawn increasing attention, due to its potential in miniaturizing biochemical assay instrument. To fabricate the nanopore arrays that function as the core device for biochemical analysis, the parameters are to be determined in an optimized manner. This paper thus reports the simulation studies on two typical structures of nanopore arrays, namely, (A) a perforated metallic layer on top of a substrate, and (B) a perforated metallic layer coupled with isolated metallic disks, which have been proposed in literature. Using FDTD Solutions software, and taking into account the major factors associated with the transmitted light spectrum and intensity, this study confirms the importance of using coating on the nanopore arrays with a refractive index matching the substrate of nanopores. The simulation results also provide a quantitative comparison in performance of the structures with different parameters, in terms of spectrum shift and intensity. These data can be used to guide the optimal design of a nanopores-based optical biochemical analyzer.
Buddhist Revival in the Context of Desecularization Processes in Russia (on Materials of Buryatia)

The paper discusses the desecularization of public consciousness in modern Buryatia in the overall context of a religious revival in Russia. Basing on the functional approach, the author discusses the most important characteristics of religiosity among Buryats including the measurement of ethnocultural identity. Simultaneously, the author undertakes an analysis of the correlation between, on the one hand, revival of worldview foundations of religion and, on the other hand, banal religiosity as constructing ethnic differentiation.
Rapid Publication Isozymic Changes in Myosin of Human Atrial Myocardium Induced by Overload Monoclonal Antibodies Study Using

A bstract. An immunohistochemical study using monoclonal antibodies specific for the heavy chains ofeither human atrial (HCa) or ventricular (HC(#) myosin was performed to clarify the distribution ofeach isozyme in normal as well as pressure-overloaded human hearts. In normal human ventricles, all muscle fibers were stained by a monoclonal antibody (HMC14) specific for HC(, whereas a small number of fibers reacted with a monoclonal antibody (CMA19) specific for HCa. In contrast, in normal human atria, almost all muscle fibers were stained by CMA19, and a relatively larger number of muscle fibers also reacted with HMC 14. Furthermore, in pressure-overloaded atria, muscle fibers reactive with HMC14 were strikingly increased while those reactive with CMA 19 showed a corresponding decrease. The extent ofthis isozymic redistribution was in good correlation with atrial pressure. These results not only confirmed the existence of isoforms of myosin heavy chain in human hearts, but also demonstrated that redistribution of isomyosins could occur as an adaptation to pressure overload.
Correlates of Academic Performance of Adolescents : Perspectives of Personality Characteristics

The academic performance of students from socially disadvantaged communities has been the prime concern of scholars from the disciplines of Education, Psychology and Psychiatry over the past three decades. The efforts to remedy this have, however, not yielded any sustainable results. Generally, when the academic performance is poor, the school resources and support systems are blamed. It was observed in one such population, that the academic achievement of students in some schools remained high while that of others in the same locality remained low despite the provision of same support services. Further, the researcher’s experiences suggested that the disadvantaged schools whose students continuously performed well were guided by effective environment at schools in terms of promoting all round development rather than emphasizing only on academic pursuits. The purpose of this research therefore, was to identify the role of personality make-up on academic performance, skills and attitudes employed by teachers and parents of disadvantaged children. In the present study, an attempt has been made to analyze the impact of personality characteristics on academic pursuits, mediated by environmental pressures and process of coping mechanisms adopted by children studying in public school systems. The case study method was applied on 5 children studying in high school. They were administered the High School Personality Questionnaire originally createdby Cattel, followed by indepth analysis of parenting style, affective structure of family and process of coping mechanism evolved by the children for the attribution of under achievement. The results have been conceptualized into cognizable factors that are contributing to their personality adversely and in turn affecting their academic performance. The results also suggest that on the one hand the academic achievement is correlated with personality factors; on the other hand, the environmental stress perceived by students influenced directly, their academic achievement and their personality attributes.
A FDTD-based modal PML

The finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) method is one of the most popular numerical methods for solving electromagnetic problems because of its algorithmic simplicity and flexibility. For an open waveguide structure, modal perfectly matched layer (PML) schemes have been developed as efficient absorbing terminations. However, since these PML schemes are not derived directly from the FDTD algorithm, they do not perform as well as the original three-dimensional (3-D) PMLs. In this letter, a FDTD-based one-dimensional modal PML is proposed. Because it is derived directly from the FDTD formulation, its numerical dispersion characteristics are very close to the original FDTD method. Relative differences between results obtained with the proposed method and the original 3-D PML are found to be less than -220dB, and the proposed modal PML is shown to perform at least the same as the original PML if not better
Trans-membrane synthesis of cell wall polymers.

outer surface, similar protrusion inwards might be expected with isolated walls, whereas a difference in the gel structure of the wall could explain the morphological difference, and also the finding (Burger, 1966) that isolated walls bind little more antibody than do whole bacteria. The inacessibility of new teichoic acid to concanavalin A at the bacterial surface shows that the teichoic acid chains do not extend through the thickness of the wall; it also shows that concanavalin A molecules cannot penetrate the gel structure of the interior region of the wall (Lang & Archibald, 1983). This is consistent with previous work showing that walls are of low porosity (Scherrer et al., 1977). It follows that large proteins exported from the membrane are unlikely to be freely diffusible through the wall both because of pore size and because of the possibilities of ionic and specific binding interactions between proteins and wall polymers. In a preliminary study (with Dr. C. R. Harwood) we have found that there is a delay between synthesis and export of proteins in B. subtilis (see Fig. 2). This delay is of the same order as the time taken for inside to outside movement of the cell wall, suggesting that a dynamic interaction between wall assembly and macromolecular export is possible. Whether export can be added to the list of functionally important interactions between proteins and teichoic acids remains to be demonstrated. However, the importance of teichoic acids in microbial physiology and in medical and industrial microbiology ensures that the next 25 years, like the last, will see increasing attention paid to the properties and functions of these most interesting polymers.
The Evaluation of Abnormal Voice Qualities in Patients with Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis

Objective: Voice abnormalities are among the symptoms occurring in patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). They are divergent and range from hoarseness, through the excessive adduction of false folds, up to the weakness of the vocal folds. The aim of the study was to analyze the phonatory function of the larynx in ALS patients. Methods: Seventeen patients with ALS were evaluated with subjective perceptual voice assessment (including the GRBAS scale), videolaryngostroboscopy including voice range and maximum phonation time (MPT), and objective acoustic voice analysis with IRIS software (including evaluation of jitter, shimmer, mean fundamental frequency, and noise-to-harmonics ratio (NHR)). Examinations were performed three times at 6-month intervals. Results: Hoarseness, roughness, and breathiness of voice were all found more frequently in the majority of these patients. Voice range, amplitude of vibration, mucosal wave, and glottal closure showed significant abnormalities with repeated examinations. MPT was shortened especially among women with ALS. Acoustic analysis of voice among men showed increased jitter value in the first examination only, while jitter, shimmer, and NHR in women with ALS were increased in all examinations. Conclusions: Analysis of voice qualities among patients with ALS allows for the detection of various abnormalities associated with the natural progression of the disease.
Robust Algorithm for Super Resolution and Extracting Noise from DIP using Trimmed Median Filter

the paper the most efficient model to implement super resolution using discrete wavelet transform is shown. The model is a three step process of image registration, interpolation and noise filtering using DWT. The paper resolutions the deduction of noise in the digital gray scale images. Normally, Data, text, picture, can be tainted by an additive noise with the process of the scanning. This method precludes the different type of noise such as Salt and Pepper noise (SP Noise) that reasons black and white spots in the original image. All the process is explained and simulation result is presented to prove the theory. KeywordsResolution, High resolution, Super resolution, Registration, Interpolation, Restoration, DWT.
A team approach to musculo-skeletal disorders.

INTRODUCTION The majority of patients with musculo-skeletal problems referred to hospitals in the UK have to wait for months, if not over a year, before finally seeing an orthopaedic surgeon. In Stobhill Hospital, Glasgow, the waiting time for an out-patient appointment was 182 days in 1995, with only 20% of the referrals requiring surgery. The aim of this paper was to reduce the out-patient waiting times based on a co-ordinated team approach. METHODS An outpatient musculo-skeletal service was developed over a 7-year period at Stobhill Hospital. The traditional consultant-based model, in which the consultant and a trainee saw all new patients referred to the hospital, was gradually replaced with a team approach, based on continuous reconfiguration of the roles of the orthopaedic surgeon and rheumatologist and extending the roles of nurses, physiotherapists and podiatrists. This was achieved by: (i) protocol-based daily triage for all referrals to the most appropriate health professional in the team, by the senior out-patient nursing staff; (ii) allocation of appointments based on clinical priority, with a fast-track for urgent cases; and (iii) improvement of inter-disciplinary communication, facilitating the retraction as well as the extension of traditional roles. RESULTS Despite the number of GP referrals to the orthopaedic out-patient department at Stobhill nearly doubling in a period of 5 years, the out-patient waiting time decreased by about 50% (90 days from 182 days). This reduction in waiting times improved patient and GP satisfaction levels. We also noticed an improved morale and personal development of the health professionals as they saw patients appropriate to their skills and expertise. CONCLUSION The team's experience demonstrates the effectiveness of a team approach in tackling what is often seen as the insoluble problem of orthopaedic waiting times. This is based on excellent communication and collaboration, with a clear aim of improving patient care that is evidence based.
Idiotype‐pulsed dendritic cells are able to induce antitumoral cytotoxic CD8 cells in chronic lymphocytic leukaemia

Summary. Idiotypic structures of immunoglobulins from malignant B cells constitute tumour‐specific antigens, though the function of immunoglobulin‐specific CD8+ T cells in disease control and rejection remains unclear. We have studied five cases of B chronic lymphocytic leukaemia patients affected with indolent (three patients) or aggressive (two patients) disease. We showed that CD8+ T cells with major histocompatibility complex class I‐restricted cytotoxicity against autologous tumour B cells could be generated following repeated stimulations with idiotype‐pulsed dendritic cells in vitro. CD8+ T‐cell lines were able to upregulate CD69 expression and to release interferon (IFN)‐γ upon contact with the autologous B cells, though cytolytic activity was only substantiated for patients with indolent disease. The failure of cytolytic activity in patients with aggressive disease may be explained by a skewed maturation of memory CD8 cells.
A load-balanced complete-exchange multicast protocol for wireless ad-hoc networks

Complete-exchange multicasting is quite useful for numerous applications. We explicate a load-balanced complete-exchange multicast protocol (LCM), based on passive clustering, for wireless ad-hoc networks. From a logical viewpoint, LCM constructs multiple cluster structures to balance the traffic loads among all group members. It further avoids overloading of nodes or traffic congestion on the route. In LCM, an innovative scheme is devised to deal with the scenario in which a node plays different roles for different cluster structures. Simulation results show that LCM not only preserves all the advantages of passive clustering, but also performs very efficiently in complete-exchange multicasting. Consequently, LCM is really a feasible solution for load-balanced complete-exchange multicasting, especially for dense networks.
CCN predictions on particles containing mixed organic and elemental carbon using Köhler theory

Anthropogenic atmospheric aerosols play a large role in climate change by acting as cloud condensation nuclei (CCN) and influencing cloud reflectivity. The ability of anthropogenic aerosols to contribute to cloud droplet activation depends on particle size and composition. Up to 90% of fine particle mass (PM2.5) is composed of carbonaceous (elemental and organic carbon) compounds, which play a significant yet unknown role in cloud droplet activation. While elemental carbon (EC) has limited solubility and mainly contributes to particle size, the organic carbon (OC) could add a substantial amount of soluble material to the particle depending on the nature of the organic species present. Here we present size-resolved aerosol measurements of single-particle chemistry in an urban environment that was heavily influenced by carbonaceous particle types (OC and EC particles accounted for 43.5% and 39.1% of the total submicron particle count, respectively). Köhler calculations were used to determine the CCN activity of different particle diameters of internally mixed OC and EC particles. Our results demonstrate how the soluble fraction (%OC) and size of observed mixed OC and ECcontaining particles affect the ability to act as CCN and how sensitivity parameters such as density, solubility, and molecular weight impact CCN. Compared to pure 600 nm EC-containing particles, adding 40% OC (using oxalic acid parameters) to the particles decreased the critical supersaturation from 0.28% to 0.021% and increased the fraction of CCN from 0.264 to 0.815. This means that organic compounds could contribute significantly to cloud droplet number concentration and potentially to the Twomey effect in highly aged urban environments.
Comparative Analyses in Lotus: The Cytogenetic Map of Lotus uliginosus Schkuhr

A comparative cytogenetic map was built for Lotusuliginosus (2n = 12), expanding previous analyses that revealed intra- and interspecific chromosomal rearrangements in the model legume L. japonicus, L. filicaulis, and L. burttii. This species is positioned in a sister clade of the previously-mapped species and is proposed as one of the progenitors of L. corniculatus, the main forage crop of the genus. The cytogenetic map allowed the location of 12 genomic regions to be compared between these species. A high macrosynteny was revealed, but it was interrupted by a translocation involving chromosomes 3 and 5, a new rearrangement for the genus. Also, a transposition on chromosome 2 was found in L. japonicus ‘Miyakojima’. Furthermore, changes in the number, size, and position of rDNA sites were observed, as well as an intraspecific size heteromorphism of the 5S rDNA site on L. uliginosus chromosome 6. The karyotype differences observed are proportional to the phylogenetic distance among these species.