Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A Projection-based Augmented Reality for Elderly People with Dementia

As aging societies grow, researchers are actively studying care systems concerning the life and diseases of the elderly. Among these diseases, dementia makes it difficult to maintain daily life due to the degradation of cognitive functioning, memory, and reasoning, as well as the ability to perform actions. Moreover, dementia does not have a perfect cure, though therapy and care can slow its onset and provide patients with physical and mental support. In this paper, we developed a projection-based augmented reality system robot that can cover 360 degrees of space. We also propose an application that supports continuous monitoring of dementia patients to address the difficulties they face in daily life. The system is also designed to provide therapy applications, such as entertainment and spatial art, to provide mental care aids for the patients.
Convergence Behaviour of Some Gradient-Based Methods on Bilinear Games

Min-max optimization has attracted much attention in the machine learning community due to the popularization of deep generative models and adversarial training. The optimization is quite different from traditional minimization analysis. For example, gradient descent does not converge in one of the simplest settings -- bilinear games. In this paper, we try to understand several gradient-based algorithms for bilinear min-max games: gradient descent, extra-gradient, optimistic gradient descent and the momentum method, for both simultaneous and alternating updates. We provide necessary and sufficient conditions for their convergence, with the Schur theorem. Furthermore, by extending these algorithms to more general parameter settings, we are able to optimize over larger parameter spaces to find the optimal convergence rates. Our results imply that alternating updates converge more easily in min-max games than simultaneous updates.
k-root-n: An efficient O(√n) algorithm for avoiding short term double spending in Distributed Ledger Technologies such as Blockchain

Blockchains such as bitcoin rely on reaching global consensus for the distributed ledger, and suffer from a well know scalability problem. We propose an algorithm which can avoid double spending in the short term with just O(√n) messages, relying on the fact that the velocity of money in the real world has coins generally circulating through at most a few wallets per day. The algorithm should be practical to avoid double spending with arbitrarily high probability, while feasibly coping with all the commerce in the world. This k-root-n algorithm is less effective in the long term once money circulates through a significant proportion of the world ’ s wallets, and should therefore be used as a complement to a global consensus. Thus, global consensus can be reached periodically and with a considerable lag, while money can be safely spent with quick transactions in-between.
Latitudinal variation in phlorotannin contents from Southwestern Atlantic brown seaweeds

Phlorotannins are primary and/or secondary metabolites found exclusively in brown seaweeds, but their geographic distribution and abundance dynamic are not very well understood. In this study we evaluated the phlorotannin concentrations among and within-species of brown seaweeds in a broad latitudinal context (range of 21°) along the Brazilian coast (Southwestern Atlantic), using the Folin-Ciocalteau colorimetric method. In almost all species (16 out of 17) very low phlorotannin concentrations were found (<2.0%, dry weight for the species), confirming reports of the typical amounts of these chemicals in tropical brown seaweeds, but with significantly distinct values among seven different and probably highly structured populations. In all 17 seaweed species (but a total of 25 populations) analyzed there were significant differences on the amount of phlorotannins in different individuals (t-test, p < 0.01), with coefficients of variation (CV) ranging from 5.2% to 65.3%. The CV, but not the total amount of phlorotannins, was significantly correlated with latitude, and higher values of both these variables were found in brown seaweeds collected at higher latitudes. These results suggest that brown seaweeds from higher latitudes can produce phlorotannins in a wider range of amounts and probably as response to environmental variables or stimuli, compared to low latitude algae.
Relationship of growth differentiation factor-15 with aortic stiffness in essential hypertension

Aim: We aimed to assess the relationship between echocardiographic parameters of aortic elasticity, namely aortic strain, aortic distensibility and aortic β-index, and serum growth differentiation factor (GDF)-15 in patients with newly diagnosed essential hypertension (HT). Methods: Grade-1 HT patients (n = 50), grade-2 HT (n = 70) patients and 35 healthy controls were included. Results: GDF-15 was greater in grade-2 HT group compared with the other groups. All aortic elasticity parameters were worse in grade-2 HT group compared with the other groups. GDF-15 correlated positively with E/E′ ratio (the ratio of transmitral E velocity to mean diastolic mitral annular velocity) and β-index; and aortic strain and aortic distensibility correlated negatively with serum GDF-15. β-index, aortic diastolic diameter and diastolic blood pressure were independently associated with GDF-15. Conclusion: GDF-15 may be utilized in the prediction of increased aortic stiffness.
Herpetofauna of the Pieprzowe Mountains Nature Reserve and adjacent areas

Abstract The study was focused on determining the sites of amphibian and reptile occurrence in the Pieprzowe Mountains Nature Reserve (area 18.01 ha) and adjacent areas (total area 58.81 ha). The investigations also involved the biology of breeding in the selected species, as well as determining threats and protection measures. Situated in the eastern part of the Świętokrzyskie Voivodeship, the steppe-like Pieprzowe (Pepper) Mountains Nature Reserve was established in 1979. Its aim is to protect xerothermic assemblages inhabited by many species of rare plants including the largest European aggregation of roses growing wild. The area is located on a steep, sometimes rugged escarpment, which is part of the Vistula River erosional margin. The escarpment exposes Cambrian black pepper-like shales. The slope base is overgrown by a narrow belt of willow thickets. Above occur assemblages of xerothermic thickets with a few trees. The highest parts of the nature reserve are overgrown with xerothermic grasslands with the prevalence of feathergrass steppe (Festuco-Stipion class). The reserve is surrounded by riparian forests, waterlogged meadows and reservoirs of the Vistula former riverbed, the largest of which is an oxbow lake (5.16 ha). The following species were documented in 2016-2017: smooth newt Lissotriton vulgaris L. , great crested newt Triturus cristatus Laur. , European fire-bellied toad Bombina bombina L. , common toad Bufo bufo L. , European green toad Bufotes viridis Laur. , European tree frog Hyla arborea L. , edible frog Pelophylax esculentus L. , pool frog Pelophylax lessonae Cam. , marsh frog Pelophylax ridibundus Laur. , moor frog Rana arvalis Nilss. , common frog Rana temporaria L. , sand lizard Lacerta agilis L. , grass snake Natrix natrix L. and common European adder Vipera berus L. The studies were focused on biology of breeding and phenology in common toad and common frog. The main threats posed on herpetofauna include: human presence, littering, fire raising and changes of water balance. © IOŚ-PIB
Über die Brauer-Gruppe eines algebraischen Funktionenkörpers in einer Variablen.

In dieser Arbeit untersuchen wir die Brauer-Gruppe eines algebraischen Funktionenkörpers F in einer Variablen über einem Konstantenkörper K. Die Grundlagen dieser Theorie sind von Faddeev [3] entwickelt worden. Insbesondere definiert Faddeev — ganz analog wie im Fall eines algebraischen Zahlkörpers — lokale Invarianten, die eine Produktformel erfüllen. Im ersten Teil der Arbeit leiten wir die Ergebnisse von Faddeev mit Hilfe von Galois-Gohomologie ohne Mühe ab. Dazu verwenden wir eine Methode, die einer Arbeit von Roquette [7] entnommen ist. Es zeigt sich ferner, daß die Brauer-Gruppe von F eng mit der Cohomologie der Divisorenklassen-Gruppe, also der Cohomologie einer abelschen Varietät, verknüpft ist. Im zweiten Teil machen wir vereinfachende Annahmen und leiten u. a. das Resultat von Faddeev über die Brauer-Gruppe eines rationalen Funktionenkörpers ab. Im dritten Teil spezialisieren wir den Konstantenkörper: Aus einem Satz von Lang ergibt sich das aus der Klassenkörpertheorie bekannte Resultat über algebraische Funktionenkörper mit endlichem Konstantenkörper. Aus Sätzen von Täte ergibt sich die Struktur für j9-adische Konstantenkörper. Der Bequemlichkeit halber nehmen wir an, daß der Konstantenkörper vollkommen ist. Die Resultate bleiben im allgemeinen Fall richtig, wenn man die j^-primären Komponenten ignoriert (p = char
Performance Gauging of Portfolio: Luenberger Distance Function Approach on Sarajevo Stock Exchange

Abstract Efficiency measurement of economic phenomena is of great importance to economists. Known terms and concepts from microeconomic theory and Data Envelopment Analysis regarding efficiency have been developed and adapted to cater to different questions and areas of economics. This paper focuses on applications in the area of finance, more specifically, portfolio optimization and Markowitz model. The paper has two goals. First is to give a concise overview of the theoretical and empirical research regarding Luenberger shortage (distance) function in portfolio optimization. The second goal is to empirically evaluate the efficiency of a portfolio on the Sarajevo Stock Exchange (SSE). The contribution of the paper is the first comprehensive evaluation of sources of inefficiencies of a portfolio which is not positioned on the efficient frontier on the SSE, as well as the Balkan region. The results of the analysis show that efficiency can be obtained with rebalancing the initial portfolio with the inclusion of transaction costs as well.
Verallgemeinerung eines Satzes von Rabinowitsch über imaginär-quadratische Zahlkörper.

Trotz angestrengter Suche ([2], [8] S. 176f.) konnte man keine weiteren Polynome dieser Art finden. Dabei blieb allerdings eine Arbeit von Rabinowitsch [14] aus dem Jahre 1913 unbeachtet, in der er zeigte, daß gp(n) genau dann für rc = 0, . , / ? — 2 Primzahlwerte annimmt, wenn der imaginär-quadratische Zahlkörper Q(]/l — 4p) die Klassenzahl Eins besitzt. Ein kurzer Beweis für diesen Satz findet sich bei Cohn [4] (S. 136), eine Verschärfung bei Nagel [11].
Learnability of Grammatical Sequencing: A Processability Perspective of Textbook Evaluation in EFL Settings

Abstract This study conducts an acquisition-based evaluation of four primary-school English textbook series used in China. The evaluation aims to determine whether the sequencing of grammatical structures in the series is compatible with the L2 learning sequence stipulated in Processability Theory (PT). The results show a partial agreement between the sequencing of structures as teaching objectives in the series and the PT-based processability hierarchy. The sequencing of structures in the initial stages is consistent with the learning sequence of L2 English stated in PT. However, several structures in the intermediate or high stages are taught in a deviant way against their sequencing in PT. The deviant grading of those structures is possibly associated with the theme-based guidelines adopted in the textbooks. It appears that concerns with the utility of grammatical structures in a given context take precedence over concerns for L2 development. A number of suggestions are offered to textbook writers in terms of the role of input, the learners’ developmental readiness, and the issue of heterogeneity in L2 classrooms.
Crystal structure of 4-hydroxypyridinium triaqua-bis(4-hydroxypyridine- 2,6-dicarboxylato)neodymium(III) dihydrate, [C5H6NO][Nd(C7H3NO5)2(H2O)3] · 2H2O

C 19 H 22 N 3 NdO 16 , monoclinic, P 12 1 / c 1 (no. 14), a = 11.347(2) Å, b = 10.857(2) Å, c = 19.514(3) Å, * = 92.927(2)°, V = 2400.9 Å 3 , Z = 4, R gt (F) = 0.022, wR ref (F 2 ) = 0.053, T = 296 K.
Crystal structure of catewa-(μ3-pyrazine-2,3-dicarboxyato)-(2,2’- bipyridyl-k2N,N’)cadmium(II) monohydrate, Cd(C6H2N2O4)(C10H8N2) · H2O

Ci6Hi4CdN405, monoclinic, P\2\lc\ (no. 14), a = 10.808(1) Â, b = 14.433(2) Â, c = 10.253(1) k,ß = 98.504(2)°, V= 1581.8 Â, Z = 4, Rgt(F) = 0.023, wRnffr) = 0.057, T= 292 K. crystals suitable for crystal structure determination were obtained. Experimental details H atoms bound to C atoms were placed in calculated positions and treated as riding on their parent atoms, with d(C—H) = 0.93 Â (aromatic) with i/iso(H) = 1.2 t/eq(C). H atoms attached to O of water molecule were initially located in a difference Fourier map and refined.
Die deutsche “Schuldenbremse”: Ein wirksames Instrument zur Vermeidung eines Bailout?

Abstract In 2009, a new “debt brake” has been introduced into the German constitution. According to this fiscal rule, the federal government has to limit its annual net borrowing from the year 2016 on to a maximum of 0.35 percent of GDP; the German Laender must not take out new loans from the year 2020. Based on findings of the economic theory of fiscal federalism, this paper argues that the new debt brake - within the existing institutional framework - seems not to be an effective instrument to ban the risk of a bailout. For example, the Laender which de jure face the toughest budget constraint have no sufficient tax autonomy in order to react to a looming budget deficit through tax increases.
Crystal structure of bis [μ-1,1'-(1,10-decanediyl)bis(1,2,4·triazol-1-yi)]zinc(II)dichloride,Zn(C14H24N6)Cl2

C14H24CI2N6Z11, monoclinic, P2\ln (no. 14), a = 17.398(1) Â, b = 5.8040(5) Â, c = 19.256(2) k,ß = 93.253(6)°, V= 1941.3 Â, Ζ = 4, Rgt(F) = 0.035, wR^F) = 0.071, Τ =293 Κ. Source of material 1,1 '-(l,10-decanediyl)bis(l,2,4-triazol-l-yl) ligand (L) was synthesized according to the reported procedures [ 1 ]. A mixture of L (0.0280 g, 0.1 mmol) and ZnCh (0.0138 g, 0.1 mmol) were put in 10 mL water. Then the mixture was sealed in 15 mL Teflon-lined reactor and heated to 170 °C for 3 days, and then slowly cooled to room temperature. Colorless block-shaped crystals were collected (yield 80 %). Discussion 1,2,4-Triazole and its derivatives are very interesting ligands because they combine the coordination ability of both, pyrazoles and imidazoles, with regard to the arrangement of their three heteroatoms [2]. In the title crystal structure the Ζη(Π) cation is four-coordinated by two Ν atoms from two L molecules and two CP anions. Each Ζη(Π) cation has a slightly distorted Z11N2CI2 tetrahedral coordination sphere. The Zn—N1(L) and the Zn—N6(L) distances are 2.022(2) À and 2.029(2) Â, respectively. The Zn—C11(L) and Zn—C12(L) distances are 2.2202(8) Â and 2.2170(8) À, respectively. Each L molecule coordinates to two Ζη(Π) cations through its two aromatic Ν atoms, thus acting as a bridging bidentate ligand. The Ζη(Π) cations are bridged by two L molecules to a one-dimensional chains. Table 1. Data collection and handling. Crystal: colorless block, size 0.10 χ 0.12 χ 0.16 mm Wavelength: Mo Ka radiation (0.71069 Â) μ· 15.47 cm Diffractometer, scan mode: Oxford Diffraction Gemini R Ultra, ω 2i? max· 58.3° N(hkl)masami, ApJU)umqiie: 9771,4489 Criterion for /obs, N(hk! )&: /obs > 2 fff/obsj, 2284 N(param Ufmcd'· 208 Programs: SHELXS-97 [3], SHELXL-97 [4] Table 2. Atomic coordinates and displacement parameters (in Â). Atom Site X y ζ £/|SO H(l) 4e 0.4874 1.0572 0.2337 0.116 H(2) 4e 0.4864 1.2670 0.4227 0.067 H(3A) 4e 0.3929 1.7020 0.3405 0.093 H(3B) 4e 0.3840 1.5768 0.4118 0.093 H(4A) 4e 0.2633 1.6525 0.3573 0.084 H(4B) 4e 0.2850 1.5087 0.2924 0.084 H(5A) 4e 0.2752 1.3032 0.4238 0.069 H(5B) 4e 0.2816 1.1717 0.3532 0.069 H(6A) 4e 0.1511 1.4251 0.3891 0.071 H(6B) 4e 0.1575 1.3068 0.3166 0.071 H(7A) 4e 0.1555 1.0589 0.4420 0.070 H(7B) 4e 0.1571 0.9458 0.3683 0.070 H(8A) 4e 0.0320 1.1954 0.4167 0.068 H(8B) 4e 0.0336 1.1042 0.3403 0.068 H(9A) 4e 0.0284 0.8231 0.4591 0.067 H(9B) 4e 0.0377 0.7226 0.3845 0.067 H(10A) 4e -0.0838 0.8826 0.3492 0.070 H(10B) 4e -0.0932 0.9608 0.4260 0.070 H(11A) 4e -0.0866 0.4928 0.3856 0.066 H(11B) 4e -0.0998 0.5761 0.4617 0.066 * Correspondence author (e-mail: majf247nenu@yahoo.com.cn)
Superlinear Schrödinger–Kirchhoff type problems involving the fractional p–Laplacian and critical exponent

Abstract This paper concerns the existence and multiplicity of solutions for the Schrődinger–Kirchhoff type problems involving the fractional p–Laplacian and critical exponent. As a particular case, we study the following degenerate Kirchhoff-type nonlocal problem: ‖ u ‖λ(θ−1)p[ λ(−Δ)psu+V(x)| u |p−2u ]=| u |ps⋆−2u+f(x,u) in ℝN,‖ u ‖λ=(λ∫ℝ∫2N| u(x)−u(y) |p| x−y |N+psdxdy+∫ℝNV(x)| u |pdx)1/p $$\begin{align}& \left\| u \right\|_{\lambda }^{\left( \theta -1 \right)p}\left[ \lambda \left( -\Delta \right)_{p}^{s}u+V\left( x \right){{\left| u \right|}^{p-2}}u \right]={{\left| u \right|}^{p_{s}^{\star }-2}}u+f\left( x,u \right)\,in\,{{\mathbb{R}}^{N}}, \\ & {{\left\| u \right\|}_{\lambda }}={{\left( \lambda \int\limits_{\mathbb{R}}{\int\limits_{2N}{\frac{{{\left| u\left( x \right)-u\left( y \right) \right|}^{p}}}{{{\left| x-y \right|}^{N+ps}}}}dxdy+\int\limits_{{{\mathbb{R}}^{N}}}{V\left( x \right){{\left| u \right|}^{p}}dx}} \right)}^{{1}/{p}\;}} \\ \end{align}$$ where (−Δ)ps $\left( -\Delta \right)_{p}^{s}$is the fractional p–Laplacian with 0 < s < 1 < p < N/s, ps⋆=Np/(N−ps) $p_{s}^{\star }={Np}/{\left( N-ps \right)}\;$is the critical fractional Sobolev exponent, λ > 0 is a real parameter, 1<θ≤ps⋆/p, $1<\theta \le {p_{s}^{\star }}/{p}\;,$and f : ℝN × ℝ → ℝ is a Carathéodory function satisfying superlinear growth conditions. For θ∈(1,ps⋆/p), $\theta \in \left( 1,{p_{s}^{\star }}/{p}\; \right),$by using the concentration compactness principle in fractional Sobolev spaces, we show that if f(x, t) is odd with respect to t, for any m ∈ ℕ+ there exists a Λm > 0 such that the above problem has m pairs of solutions for all λ ∈ (0, Λm]. For θ=ps⋆/p, $\theta ={p_{s}^{\star }}/{p}\;,$by using Krasnoselskii’s genus theory, we get the existence of infinitely many solutions for the above problem for λ large enough. The main features, as well as the main difficulties, of this paper are the facts that the Kirchhoff function is zero at zero and the potential function satisfies the critical frequency infx∈ℝ V(x) = 0. In particular, we also consider that the Kirchhoff term satisfies the critical assumption and the nonlinear term satisfies critical and superlinear growth conditions. To the best of our knowledge, our results are new even in p–Laplacian case.
Crystal structure of [bis(ƞ5-cyclopentadienyl)-ƞ6:ƞ6'-E-4,4’-dichlorostilbene] diiron(II) bis(hexafluorophosphate) – acetonitrile (1:1), [(C5H5)2(C14H10Cl2)Fe2][PF6]2 · CH3CN

C26H23Cl2Fi2Fe2NP2, orthorhombic, Pnma (no. 62), a = 13.318(1) Â, b = 14.7090(9) Â, c = 15.369(1) Â, V = 3010.7 Â, Ζ = 4, Rgl(F) = 0.058, wR^F) = 0.136, Τ 173 Κ.
Proof of a conjecture about atomic and molecular cores related to Scott's correction.

A great deal is known about the ground states of large atoms in the framework of the non-relativistic Schrödinger equation, with fixed (i.e., infinitely massive) nuclei. The leading term, in powers of the nuclear Charge Z, is given exactly by Thomas-Fermi theory, äs was proved by Lieb and Simon [12]; see [11] for a review. This leading term in the energy is proportional to Z, with the proportionality constant depending on the ratio of N l Z, which is assumed to be held fixed äs Z ->· oo. Here, N is the electron number. Neutrality, i.e., N= Z, is not required, even though it is the case of primary physical interest. The characteristic length scale for the electron density (in the sense that all the electrons can be found on this scale in the limit Z -» oo) is Z~. The fact that the true quantummechanical electron density, , converges (after suitable scaling) to the Thomas-Fermi density, , äs Z -> oo with N/Z fixed was proved in [12]. The chemical radius, which is another length altogether, is believed, but not proved, to be order Z° äs Z -* oo.
Decision Analysis on Whether to Accept a Remittitur

This paper examines the decision faced by a plaintiff who has successfully established liability, but the judge has reduced the jury’s award under a procedure known as a remittitur. The plaintiff has the choice of accepting the remittitur or having a new trial. An analysis of the rules surrounding remittiturs in US federal court shows that there is almost no advantage to choosing a new trial rather than to accept the remittitur, no matter how small the resulting award may be.
The Impact of US Economic Policy Uncertainty Shock on GCC Stock Market Performance

Abstract This study examines the impact of the United States’ Economy Policy Uncertainty (US EPU) shocks on the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) countries’ stock market returns which are heavily related through global oil markets. Using monthly data spanning from 31/01/2010 to 31/08/2018, we employ a Non-Structural Vector Autoregression (VAR) and Vector Granger Causality Tests (VGCT) in order to ascertain the magnitude of transmitted shocks and to primarily evaluate if US EPU affects stock market returns in any of the GCC countries. Our OLS and VAR results suggest that US EPU has little impact on the GCC markets with the exception of Bahrain. The Vector Granger Causality Test confirms that changes in US EPU influence returns on Qatar’s stock market. These results will help GCC nations to stabilize global energy markets and prevent economic ripples to policy shocks.
Education, Work, and Life Chances

This paper explores the reasons behind the differences in the use and provision of different types of working time flexibility options of companies across European labour markets with a special focus on the country differences. Competing theories on the cross-country variances of labour market flexibility are tested to examine whether labour market institutions are the driving forces of working time flexibility practices in comparison to other factors such as economic, labour market structures and cycles. It uses a multi-level model which enables examination of companies in the context of the country in which it is embedded, while including both company and country level characteristics in the explanatory model. In this paper, the issue of flexibility is addressed broadly, thus, it perceives labour market flexibility as a method used for the needs of employees as well as for those of employers. In addition, the “flexible firm” approach is taken and various flexibility options are considered to be bundles of arrangements with similar latent characteristics and not as separate entities. Based on this, the paper explains the differences between countries where there are more worker-oriented working time flexibility options to those where flexibility practices are more companyoriented. The data used here is the European Establishment Survey of Working-Time and Work-life Balance (ESWT) from the European Foundation of the Improvement of Living and Working Conditions. This survey covers over 21,000 establishments in 21 EU member states for the years 2004/2005. The outcomes of the analyses show that indeed institutions, such as employment protection regulations or centralization of bargaining explain the differences across countries in their variance in working time practices. In addition, the strength of unions is associated to countries where companies use more worker friendly working time options and less company-oriented options. Labour market situations and structure of the economy such as deindustrialization or female labour market participation patterns also explain the country differences in working time practices. However, for the worker-oriented flexibility it seems that institutions are more important whereas for the company-oriented flexibility options, economic and labour market situations are the driving source.