Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Controlling the acute hemodynamic effects associated with IV administration of particulate drug dispersions in dogs

Therapeutic and diagnostic agents can be formulated into colloidal or particulate dispersions to enhance their utility and possibly to modify their pharmacodynamics. Since certain of these agents are intended for intravenous administration, it is imperative that the cardiovascular safety profile be clarified. The objectives of the present study were 1) to assess a variety of modes of administration and formulations which may affect the acute cardiovascular safety profile, 2) to identify the mechanism of the hemodynamic effect and 3) to identify a method(s) to prevent the effect. Polystyrene nanospheres were used as a model dispersion which was administered intravenously to anesthetized dogs while blood pressure and heart rate were being continuously monitored. The effect of varying the concentration and rate of infusion of the dispersions was evaluated while the actual dose was kept constant at 0.1 ml/kg body weight. Infusion of a 5% particulate suspension at 1 ml/min resulted in all dogs experiencing an acute hypotensive effect which peaked 2.5 min postdosing; animals fully recovered over a 60 min period. Reducing the concentration to 1% and the infusion rate to 0.5 ml/min eliminated the response. Systemic hypotension was more consistently associated with 200 nm diameter particles than with 100 nm particles and was totally absent with 50 nm particles. Plasma histamine levels were consistently elevated, acutely, by 10–100‐fold in those dogs that experienced hypotension. Pretreatment with antihistamines totally blocked the hypotension and acute splenectomy reduced the magnitude of the response by 50%. These studies represent the first report of the cardiovascular effects of dispersions of nanometersized particles. The results of these studies suggest that these dispersions can be safely administered intravenously to animals by controlling the rate of administration, reducing particle size and, if necessary, by pretreating with antihistamines. © 1996 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
SAOR model. Screening and brief interventions for problem alcohol use in the emergency department & acute care settings.

This publication details an innovative model for the delivery of Screening and Brief Intervention (SBI) to people with hazardous/harmful alcohol use who present to acute hospital settings. The World Health Organization (WHO) has identified alcohol use as a leading cause of mortality and disability, ranking it in the top five risk factors for disease burden. In Ireland it is suggested that that between 20% and 50% of all presentations to Emergency Departments (EDs) are alcohol related, with the figure rising to over 80% at peak weekend periods. The second report of the Strategic Task Force on Alcohol (2004) advocates the use of SBI across a range of health care settings including primary care, community services and general hospitals. It is well recognised that Nurses and other health care professionals can play a central role in the delivery of these interventions. The SAOR model provides an evidence-based practical step by step guide to the delivery of SBI for hazardous/harmful alcohol use in acute care settings. It incorporates all the key components of SBI including the common elements of screening, assessment, intervention and referral. This model has been utilised in a comprehensive training and development programme for Emergency Nurses here in the south-east of Ireland. It is anticipated that it will now contribute to the development of both regional and national training programmes on SBI for hazardous/harmful alcohol use in Emergency Departments and Acute Care settings.
Les représentations sociales du médicament : une perspective iconographique

Le medicament est un objet social qui est au coeur de diverses relations materielles et symboliques. Pour connaitre les formes d’opinions et de savoirs qui lui sont associes au sein de la population francaise, nous avons mobilise le cadre theorique des representations sociales. En raison de la propagation massive des images dans les nouveaux mediums de communication, nous avons choisi d’aborder les differentes recherches qui constituent ce travail de these sous l’angle de la perspective iconographique. A ce titre, nos investigations s’articulent autour de deux axes : Le premier axe (N=946) s’interesse a l’implication de l’imagerie mentale dans la formation de la representation sociale du medicament. Les trois recherches realisees en ce sens nous permettront de constater le caractere collectif de l’imagerie mentale, encourageant ainsi la recherche sur les images. Le second axe (N=615) se focalise quant a lui sur les processus mobilises par les individus quand il s’agit de selectionner, memoriser et comprendre des images relatives a des associations prototypiques de la representation sociale du medicament. Les resultats obtenus suggerent le developpement d’une methodologie avec les images. Dans leur ensemble, les travaux invitent le lecteur d’une part, a considerer l’importance des representations sociales dans l’exercice de decryptage des images visuelles, d’autre part, a approfondir l’iconographie dans la perspective methodologique de la theorie des representations sociales.
Experimental study of brine transport in porous media

In verband met het onderzoek naar opslag van radioactief afval in steenzout, is de beschrijving van pekeltransport in het grondwater van groot belang. Dit rapport beschrijft laboratoriumexperimenten die ten doel hebben: - het onderzoeken van enkele relevante processen bij pekeltransport door poreuze media ; - het verkrijgen van data-sets die gebruikt kunnen worden voor (gedeeltelijke) validatie van transportmodellen. Simulaties met het transportmodel METROPOL voor de eerste fase van de experimenten geven een goede overeenkomst tussen gemeten en berekende waarden voor zoutconcentraties.
An Improved Influential Cover Set Mining Algorithm

The influential cover set (ICS) problem is a hot research issue in social networks and road networks. Considering that existing methods cannot take into account both the efficiency and the accuracy of results, we propose a partition-based influential cover set mining algorithm with the index. Firstly, we create the inverted index for each attribute to be queried, thus avoiding traversing all nodes while querying the node covered attributes and reducing the query time with high accuracy. Then, we design the pruning strategy according to the upper bound of cover-group for filtering, which reduces the number of the partition combination in the treatment on each tuple in the linked list of partitions, reduces the overall computation, and improves the processing speed and efficiency. Our experimental results on 15 real datasets verify the efficiency of our method in terms of different metrics, including indexing time, accuracy of results, influence of results, and query processing time.
Hadoop Beginner's Guide

Learn how to crunch big data to extract meaning from the data avalanche. Overview Learn tools and techniques that let you approach big data with relish and not fear. Shows how to build a complete infrastructure to handle your needs as your data grows. Hands-on examples in each chapter give the big picture while also giving direct experience. In Detail Data is arriving faster than you can process it and the overall volumes keep growing at a rate that keeps you awake at night. Hadoop can help you tame the data beast. Effective use of Hadoop however requires a mixture of programming, design, and system administration skills. "Hadoop Beginner's Guide" removes the mystery from Hadoop, presenting Hadoop and related technologies with a focus on building working systems and getting the job done, using cloud services to do so when it makes sense. From basic concepts and initial setup through developing applications and keeping the system running as the data grows, the book gives the understanding needed to effectively use Hadoop to solve real world problems. Starting with the basics of installing and configuring Hadoop, the book explains how to develop applications, maintain the system, and how to use additional products to integrate with other systems. While learning different ways to develop applications to run on Hadoop the book also covers tools such as Hive, Sqoop, and Flume that show how Hadoop can be integrated with relational databases and log collection . In addition to examples on Hadoop clusters on Ubuntu uses of cloud services such as Amazon, EC2 and Elastic MapReduce are covered. What you will learn from this book The trends that led to Hadoop and cloud services, giving the background to know when to use the technology. Best practices for setup and configuration of Hadoop clusters, tailoring the system to the problem at hand Developing applications to run on Hadoop with examples in Java and Ruby How Amazon Web Services can be used to deliver a hosted Hadoop solution and how this differs from directly-managed environments Integration with relational databases, using Hive for SQL queries and Sqoop for data transfer How Flume can collect data from multiple sources and deliver it to Hadoop for processing What other projects and tools make up the broader Hadoop ecosystem and where to go next Approach As a Packt Beginner's Guide, the book is packed with clear step-by-step instructions for performing the most useful tasks, getting you up and running quickly, and learning by doing. Who this book is written for This book assumes no existing experience with Hadoop or cloud services. It assumes you have familiarity with a programming language such as Java or Ruby but gives you the needed background on the other topics.
Team Training of Inter-Professional Students (TTIPS) for improving teamwork

Objective In surgery, dysfunctional teamwork is perpetuated by a ‘silo’ mentality modelled by students. Interprofessional education using high-fidelity simulation-based training (SBT) may counteract such modelling. We sought to determine whether SBT of interprofessional student teams (1) changes long-term teamwork attitudes and (2) is an effective form of team training. Design A quasiexperimental, pre/postintervention comparison design was employed at an academic health sciences institution. High-fidelity simulation-based training of 42 interprofessional teams of third year surgery clerkship medical students and senior undergraduate nursing students was undertaken using a two-scenario format with immediate after action debriefing. Pre/postintervention TeamSTEPPS Teamwork Attitudes questionnaires (5 subscales, 30 items, Likert type) were given to the medical student and undergraduate nursing student classes. Pre/postsession Readiness for Inter-Professional Learning (RIPL; 19 items, Likert type) surveys and postscenario participant-rated and observer-rated Teamwork Assessment Scales (3 subscales, 11 items, Likert type) were given during each training session. Mean TeamSTEPPS Teamwork Attitudes Questionnaire, RIPL and Teamwork Assessment Scales scores were calculated; matched pre/postscore differences and trained versus non-trained TeamSTEPPS Teamwork Attitudes Questionnaire scores were compared using paired t-test or analysis of variance. Results Both student groups had 10 significantly improved RIPL items as well as TeamSTEPPS Teamwork Attitudes Questionnaire (TTAQ) mutual support subscales. Medical students had a significantly improved TTAQ team structure subscale. Over a simulation-based training session, each observer-rated Teamwork Assessment Scales subscale and two self-rated Teamwork Assessment Scales subscales significantly improved. Trained students had significantly higher TTAQ team structure subscales than non-trained students. Conclusions Interprofessional education using high-fidelity simulation-based training of students is effective at teaching teamwork, changing interprofessional attitudes and improving long-term teamwork attitudes.
Survival time of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infected children under 15 years of age after initiation of antiretroviral therapy in the University of Gondar Comprehensive Specialized Hospital, Ethiopia

Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) has emerged as one of the leading causes of childhood mortality and morbidity in sub Saharan Africa. But, the attention given to HIV-infected children in terms of providing antiretroviral treatment (ART) had so far been ranked second. The study had the objectives of identifying predictors that had significant impacts on the survival status of HIV infected children who received antiretroviral treatment care in the University of Gondar Comprehensive Specialized Hospital, Gondar, Ethiopia. The data used in the study was based on secondary data from hospital records of HIV infected children aged below 15 years who started ART between 2008 and 2013 and who followed through April 2015 in University of Gondar Comprehensive Specialized Hospital, Gondar, Ethiopia. The Multivariable Cox Proportional model was fitted to identify factors affecting the survival of children after initiation of ART. The median survival time frame was found to be 55 months. At the end of the follow up, 46 (17.1%) children died due to the disease, the remaining 223 (82.9%) were alive and lost to follow-up. The multivariate analysis of the Cox Regression model showed that the age of a patients (for age < 1.5 years HR: 3.590 ; 95% CI: 1.439, 8.953; P = 0.006, baseline hemoglobin level (for hemoglobin level < 7g/dl HR: 6.286; 95% CI: 2.328, 16.973; P=0.000, WHO clinical stage (For stage III HR: 0.308 ; 95% CI: 0.150, 0.630; P = 0.001); and baseline CD4 count(HR: 0.180 ; 95% CI: 0.084, 0.388; P = 0.000) are significant factors of survival of HIV infected children during the 92 months of follow up. Therefore, special attention should be given to younger children in ART; patients with low CD4 cell count, patients with advanced WHO clinical staging (stage III and IV); and patients with low hemoglobin level to improve the survival of HIV infected children treated with ART. Key words: Children, antiretroviral therapy (ART), HIV, survival, Ethiopia.
Joint Source / Channel coding using Space Time Turbo Trellis Coded Modulation: A MELP eksperiment

Due to destructive interference of multipaths in wireless propagation media the received signal could be severely degraded and receiver may not be capable to reconstruct the signal. Space Time turbo Trellis Coded Modulation (ST turbo TC) coding technique has been proposed for MIMO wireless communication channels because of its superior performance in such environment. One of its advantages is the possibility of including a priory knowledge of the source statistics during the decoding procedure. In this work a joint source? channel coding scheme is proposed and applied to MELP parameters of speech signal. The simulation of transmission of MELP coefficients over wireless Gaussian MIMO channel with ST turbo TC has been carried out. Simulation results show that the proposed decoding method offers a coding gain of 1 dB. As a measure of speech quality an objective method as recommended in ITU-T Recommandation, P.862 has been used.
A review of literature in mobile learning: A new paradigm in teaching and learning pedagogy for now and then

Educational technology is a medium that has the potential to improve the effectiveness of teaching and learning. The rapid pace of change in educational technology such as mobile learning (m-learning) had given the prodigious impact towards the world of education. This paper explores and discusses on the definition of mobile learning with its suitable learning environment, affordances and potential of this approach with its limitations. The post-millennials or Generation Z had been labeled as ‘student of m-era’ in this paper. In addition, this article also reviewed critically on the previous studies that demonstrate on the favorable and adverse effect of mobile learning in teaching and learning, implies that this advent paradigm of pedagogy approach helps students in teaching and learning process in various ways predominantly if proper executions have been applied. Some practical strategies and methods of implementation of m-learning approach despite of its limitations and challenges were recommended in this paper as well. This review study can become a comprehensive guidance or reference for policy makers, educators, and researchers in the field who are curious about and intend to initiate or adopt m-learning.
The slot expression for topic spotting and topic summary in spontaneous speech

This paper proposes two new methods of how to carry out automatic topic spotting in continuous speech and how to describe its summary in the form of the slot expression. The topic spotting works independently of both speakers and topics. The method of topic spotting is based on a dialogue model to segment a topic using only a surface feature of continuous speech. The spotted speech are selected by the co-occurrence relations and are classified by the word thesaurus. We evaluated our methods using the speech of the broadcasting news and the spoken dialogue speech. The result shows that detection quality was over 80% on the broadcasting news.
Exploration of Nursing Assistants' Beliefs About Job Satisfaction

Certified nursing assistants (CNAs) make up 66% of the healthcare work force making them the largest group of health-care workers (American Health Care Association Department of Research [American Health Care Assoc.], 2011). A variety of factors contribute to a 36% turnover rate of CNAs nationwide (2015 Staffing Report, 2015). The consequences of turnover are also disruptive to the quality of patient care. According to Stone and Wiener (2001) high rates of turnover and staff vacancies have multi-layered consequences; patient care suffers, cost of constantly replacing workers soars, and worker job dissatisfaction increases. This study examined the CNAs’ beliefs about job satisfaction as an approach to prevent job turnover and retain high achieving staff in one acute care hospital in a south eastern region. A qualitative key informant design was used to interview a purposive sample of nine nursing assistants who had been employed at the hospital for at least six months. This nurse researcher conducted individual 20-minute face-to-face interviews that were recorded, transcribed and coded for themes using constant comparative analysis. Four major categories emerged from the interviews: CNA Views of Job Satisfaction, Clinical Ladder Option, Support Services Option and What CNAs Want.
Grapes & wines : a comprehensive guide to varieties and flavours--the key to enjoying modern wine

The modern world of wine is rich with exciting and well-made wines, up-and-coming new wine regions and innovative winemakers, but the most influential factor determining the taste of a particular wine is still the grape variety or blend of varieties from which it is made. In this book, Oz Clarke and co-author Margaret Rand cover the 350 or so varieties that really matter, either because they are widely grown in the major wine regions of the world or because they are important ingredients of classic wines. Also included are 17 extended features on the classic grape varieties. Illustrated with photographs and maps, these special features give the reader an insight into the methods used to maximise each grape's potential and an appreciation of the people behind the production of the world's finest wines. An introductory section, "All About Grapes" explores the history of the vine, shows where grapes are grown today and provides information on what happens in modern vineyards and wineries.
Research Issues of Speech Recognition Accuracy Measurements: Comments on Kotler and Tam (2002)

Kotler and Tam’s (2002) study is a valuable addition to the current research on speech recognition accuracy. The authors evaluated the accuracy of a discrete utterance speech recognition program for individuals with physical disabilities and intelligible speech. I wish to comment on the authors’ techniques for measuring accuracy. Kotler and Tam defined accuracy ‘‘as the number of words or commands correctly recognized divided by the total number of words or commands spoken’’ (p. 140). I commend the authors for providing this definition; in numerous articles on speech recognition accuracy this information is not provided. Kotler and Tam’s metric is commonly referred to as recall (Pevzner & Hearst, 2002; Jurafsky & Martin, 2000). Recall is an extremely valuable tool for measuring recognition accuracy; however, it does not by itself give a complete picture of a program’s accuracy. Consider the following example: the spoken word ‘‘mantra’’ may be recognized as ‘‘mantra a. ’’ Using Kotler and Tam’s formula, the recognition accuracy would be found to be 100% (one word correctly recognized/one word spoken in total). Clearly, in this example the program was not 100% accurate because of the erroneous addition of the word ‘‘a’’ to the recognition output. I recommend the use of precision as an additional metric. Precision is defined as the number of words correctly recognized divided by the total number of words recognized (Pevzner & Hearst, 2002; Jurafsky & Martin, 2000). For my example, the program would have achieved a precision rate of 50% (one word correctly recognized/two words recognized in total). If there is a one-to-one correspondence between the words spoken and the words recognized, then the recall and precision measurements would be the same. This event is particularly likely when each spoken word is separated by a pause, such as for the discrete utterance recognition program evaluated by Kotler and Tam; however, extraneous recognitions are possible even for these programs. Therefore, both precision and recall measurements may be provided to give a more complete account of a recognition program’s accuracy.