Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The Role of Vision on Spatial Competence

Several pieces of evidence indicate that visual experience during development is fundamental to acquire long-term spatial capabilities. For instance, reaching abilities tend to emerge at 5 months of age in sighted infants, while only later at 10 months of age in blind infants. Moreover, other spatial skills such as auditory localization and haptic orientation discrimination tend to be delayed or impaired in visually impaired children, with a huge impact on the development of sighted-like perceptual and cognitive asset. Here, we report an overview of studies showing that the lack of vision can interfere with the development of coherent multisensory spatial representations and highlight the contribution of current research in designing new tools to support the acquisition of spatial capabilities during childhood. the to the third (3) auditory the of loudspeakers of the two in space to body; (4) auditory reaching: the child to a static sound positioned in far space and the position of the sound by walking toward it; (5) proprioceptive reaching: the child repeats a movement trajectory after being presented with it by an external operator; (6) general the child walks straight on for three meters and then back to the starting at his/her own pace. The training session 12 weeks and children the training based on training based on All children in the ABBI weekly training exercises with a trained rehabilitator for min h 12 weeks) and weekly training sessions with a relative at home for h h over 12 weeks) for a total training period of 69 h. All training exercises were developed to train children’ ability to recognize and localize sounds in space according to different levels of difficulty: (a) recognize and localize simple sound movements, such as a straight motion flow performed along the horizontal or sagit-tal planes in the front peri-personal space (first level); (b) recognize and localize complex sound movements, such as a motion flow performed randomly in space in the front peri-personal space, e.g., composite geometrical and nongeometrical (second level); (c) recognize and localize simple and complex sound movements in the back peri-personal space (third level); (d) recognize and localize simple and complex sound movements in the front and back in the extra-personal
Outdoor Mixed-Reality PDA Utilizing Surveillance Cameras

This paper describes a mixed reality system on a PDA to support pedestrians. Our goal is to eliminate blind spots by presenting users camera images overlapped with 3D models. The textures of the 3D models are updated in real time by using videos captured at many outdoor surveillance cameras. The videos are also used to renew landmark templates to ensure accurate landmark detection and to achieve robust estimation of the pose of the PDA. We set up four outdoor surveillance cameras in an experimental outdoor environment. We succeeded in estimating PDA’s pose by the proposed landmark detection method so that objects moving at blind spots were visualized on the PDA display in real time. Keyword Outdoor MR,PDA,Surveillance Camera,Landmark Detection,Pose Estimation 1. はじめに 複合現実感(Mixed Reality:MR)とは,我々が存在 する現実世界とコンピュータで生成した仮想世界を繋 ぎ目なく融合した感覚を提示する技術の総称である. 近年,この複合現実感を屋外環境中で実現することで, 歩行者ナビゲーションや観光案内といった様々な応用 が期待されている [1][2]. 我々は,カメラ付ハンディ型 PDA(以下,PDA)の ディスプレイ中で複合現実感を実現し,屋外歩行者を 想定したユーザが手軽に利用できる視覚情報提示シス テムを提案している [4]. 本システムの大きな特徴は, 屋外に監視目的などのために多数設置した定点カメラ 映像を利用し,建物の陰などによって死角となりユー ザ視点からは直接見ることのできない現実世界の状況 を提示映像からリアルタイムに確認できることである. ユーザが違和感なく死角を認知するために,死角に存 在する建物の CG モデルは幾何的整合性を保ち位置ず れなく現実世界の映像上に重畳されなければならない. そのため,現実世界を撮影するカメラ(以下,PDA カ メラ)の世界座標系における位置と向き(以下,位置 姿勢)を正確に計測することが必要となる. この PDA カメラの位置姿勢計測には,物理センサのみを用いる 方法,物理センサと画像センサを組み合わせる方法な どが挙げられる. 物理センサのみを用いる方法では,GPS や地磁気方 位センサなどを用いて屋外環境における PDA カメラ の位置姿勢を初期的に推定し,慣性センサや歩測セン サを用いてその変化を追従することが考えられる [1][2]. しかし,本システムが求める位置ずれのない提 示を行うためには,最終的に画像上で重畳位置のずれ を評価し解消することが必要不可欠である. そこで本研究では,ランドマークを屋外環境中に多 数配置し PDA カメラ映像中で数点検出することによ り,物理センサで求めた位置姿勢の初期値を補正する 手法を提案する. 重畳位置のずれを,PDA カメラ映像 上でランドマークの投影位置と検出位置の二次元の距 離として測定するため,この位置ずれをなくす位置姿 勢の補正値を容易に求めることが可能となる. しかし, すべてのユーザ行動範囲をカバーするだけのランドマ ークを環境中に配置することは困難である. また,探 索候補となるランドマークを増やすと,計算コストが 膨大になる. さらに,ランドマークと光源・PDA カメ ラの相対的な位置関係の変化により,ランドマークの 見え方が変化する問題もある. 見え方が変化する問題に対し,我々はユーザに視覚 情報を提供している定点カメラの映像をランドマーク のテンプレート更新にも利用することで,ランドマー ク検出を安定化させることを提案してきている [4]. こ れに加え本論文では,物理センサから計測値を利用す ることで探索するランドマーク候補を減らし,更にラ ンドマークを階層化しそれぞれに異なった適切な探索 方法を用いることで,より短い時間で正確な PDA カメ ラの位置姿勢推定を実現する. 以降,2 章では定点カメラ映像を用いた死角部分の 提示について説明する. 3 章では物理センサと画像セ ンサを組み合わせた PDA カメラ位置姿勢推定法につ いて述べ,4 章ではランドマーク観測による位置姿勢 推定について詳しく説明する. 5 章では定点カメラ 4 台を用いたシステムの実装について説明し,PDA カメ ラの位置姿勢補正,及び死角部分のリアルタイムを行 った実験について述べる. 最後に 6 章でまとめと今後 の課題について述べる. 2. 定点カメラ映像を用いた死角部分の提示 本システムでの複合現実感技術を用いた視覚情報 提示例を図 1 に示す. 図 1 において,上段左に示すの が現実環境をモデル化した CG モデルである. この CG モデルは,建物施工時の立面図及び配置図から作成し ている. 図 1 上段右に示すのが,PDA カメラで撮影さ れた現実環境である. このカメラ撮像上に CG モデル を半透明化し位置ずれなく重畳することで,図 1 下段 に示すように,死角部分の様子が透けて見えるような 視覚情報提示が可能となる. しかし,オフラインで構 築した CG モデルを提示するだけでは死角部分におけ る人や自動車の動きといった現実世界の変化に対応で きない. そのため,CG モデルを現実世界の変化に合 わせて随時更新する必要がある. 本研究では,CG モデルの形状については変化しな いと仮定し,テクスチャを現在のものにリアルタイム に更新する提示方法を提案する. このテクスチャ更新 に,屋外で監視等の目的で設置されている定点カメラ 映像を利用する. ユーザは人や自動車の存在を建物な どの CG モデルテクスチャに映り込んでいる様子から
Clarifying the Structure of Collective Intelligence in Teams : A Meta-Analysis

General intelligence is a statistical measure that emerges from the correlations among how well individuals do a wide variety of tasks (Spearman 1904). By analogy, collective intelligence is defined as a measure of a group’s capacity to perform a wide variety of tasks (Engel et al. 2014, Kim et al. 2016, Woolley et al. 2010). A seminal paper established the existence of collective intelligence in teams collaborating in a face-to-face context by measuring a single dominant factor that accounts for major variance in a team’s task performance scores (Woolley et al. 2010). Though collective intelligence may be partially determined by general individual intelligence (Barlow 2017, Bates and Gupta 2017), other factors also play a role (Meslec et al. 2016, Chikersal et al. 2017, Kim et al. 2017).
Listener Pronunciation in Misunderstandings in International Communication

Many studies on intelligibility focus on the role of the speaker in causing misunderstandings, but Smith and Nelson (1985) note that the listener’s role is equally as important. Indeed, intelligibility is not just speakeror listener-oriented, but arises out of the interaction between speaker and listener, and the current paper sets out to investigate the role of listeners when misunderstandings arise in international communication. The analysis is based on ten recordings collected at Universiti Brunei Darussalam (UBD) with a total duration of 3 hours and 39 minutes, each consisting of a conversation between two people of different nationalities and different first languages. Of the 152 tokens of misunderstandings identified in the corpus, 14 tokens (9%) are found in which the listener’s own pronunciation may have played a role. In the analysis, tokens are classified based on the pronunciation features of consonants, vowels and American pronunciation. The findings confirm that the listener’s pronunciation can indeed give rise to misunderstandings in international communication, and it further notes that the familiarity of the listener with a certain variety of English can be a major factor in intelligibility.
Transforming CSF A β 42 measures into calculated Pittsburgh Compound B ( PIBcalc ) units of brain A β amyloid

Background—PIB PET and CSF Aβ42 demonstrate a highly significant inverse correlation. Both are presumed to measure brain Aβ amyloid load. Our objectives were to develop a method to transform CSF Aβ42 measures into calculated PIB measures (PIBcalc) of Aβ amyloid load, and to partially validate the method in an independent sample of subjects. Methods—Forty-one ADNI subjects underwent PIB PET imaging and lumbar puncture (LP) at the same time. This sample, referred to as the “training” sample (9 cognitively normal (CN), 22 MCI, and 10 AD), was used to develop a regression model by which CSF Aβ42 (with APOE ε4 genotype as a covariate) was transformed into units of PIB PET (PIBcalc). An independent “supporting” sample of 362 (105 CN, 164 MCI, 93AD) ADNI subjects who underwent LP but not PIB PET imaging had their CSF Aβ42 values converted to PIBcalc. These values were compared to the overall PIB PET distribution found in the ADNI subjects (n = 102). Results—A linear regression model demonstrates good prediction of actual PIB PET from CSF Aβ42 measures obtained in the training sample (R2 = 0.77, P<0.001). PIBcalc data (derived from CSF Aβ42) in the supporting sample of 362 ADNI subjects who underwent LP but not PIB PET imaging demonstrates group-wise distributions that are highly consistent with the larger ADNI PIB PET distribution and with published PIB PET imaging studies. Conclusion—Although the precise parameters of this model are specific for the ADNI sample, we conclude that CSF Aβ42 can be transformed into calculated PIB (PIBcalc) measures of Aβ Corresponding author: Clifford R. Jack, Jr., M.D., Department of Radiology, Mayo Clinic and Foundation, Rochester, MN, 55905, USA. Jack.Clifford@mayo.edu. ADNI investigators include (complete listing available at (www.loni.ucla.edu\ADNI\Collaboration\ADNI_Manuscript_Citations.pdf). Publisher's Disclaimer: This is a PDF file of an unedited manuscript that has been accepted for publication. As a service to our customers we are providing this early version of the manuscript. The manuscript will undergo copyediting, typesetting, and review of the resulting proof before it is published in its final citable form. Please note that during the production process errors may be discovered which could affect the content, and all legal disclaimers that apply to the journal pertain. NIH Public Access Author Manuscript Alzheimers Dement. Author manuscript; available in PMC 2012 March 1. Published in final edited form as: Alzheimers Dement. 2011 March ; 7(2): 133–141. doi:10.1016/j.jalz. 2010.08. 230. N IH PA Athor M anscript N IH PA Athor M anscript N IH PA Athor M anscript amyloid load. Brain Aβ amyloid load can be ascertained at baseline in therapeutic or observational studies by either CSF or amyloid PET imaging and the data can be pooled using well-established multiple imputation techniques that account for the uncertainty in a CSF-based calculated PIB value.
: The corporate sector and the Bank of England ’ s asset purchases

The start of corporate sector asset purchases On 19 January 2009, the Chancellor announced that the Bank of England was being authorised to purchase “high quality private sector assets”, financed by the issue of Treasury Bills “. to increase the availability of corporate credit, by reducing the illiquidity of the underlying instruments . ”. In this talk today, I want to address the rationale for intervening in this way and the opportunities and limitations of such operations. I will then go on to review the individual schemes and evaluate the results so far. I will not be talking very much about the wider programme of gilt purchases, which had different objectives – namely to directly boost the money supply and nominal demand. But there are some interactions which I shall come back to later.
Polish support schemes for renewable and cogeneration sources

Introduction Ever since the Energy Law came into force, i.e. since 1997, country legislator saw the need to support renewable energy sources (RES) in order to promote energy generation from these sources. Starting from 2000 onwards, solutions aiming at supporting cogeneration sources were being put in place, and in 2011 agricultural biogas support scheme was introduced. Currently applicable support schemes regarding RES (since 2004), cogeneration (since 2007) and agricultural biogas (since 2011) have been based on quota system, i.e. the system whereby relevant entities must have in their purchase portfolio appropriate quantities and types of certificates of origin, with potential non-compliance punishable with the state sanction of monetary fines. Thus, this system is based on the amount of electricity from renewable, biogas and cogeneration sources1, in contrast to priceoriented systems (feed-in-tariff mechanisms). Support system currently applied in Poland has been based on the so-called certificates of origin (Energy Law, Article 9e), certificates of origin from cogeneration (Energy Law, Article 9l), and certificates of origin from biogas (Energy Law, Article 9o) and ensuing property rights. With these solutions, quasi securities can be obtained in the form of various types of certificates, which – upon being entered into the register of certificates of origin on the commodity exchange or another regulated market as the so-called property rights – become marketable and represent exchange commodity referred to in the Law on Commodity Exchanges, as of October 26, 2000, Article 2, point 2, letter d.2
Relationship education programmes for adults

Relationship education programmes form a key element of the framework of relationship support (see diagram) which the Relationships Alliance has described in separate publications.1 Such interventions sit “alongside interventions at key stress points in people’s lives and more commonly known specialist interventions like counselling that seek to protect people at times of identified relationship distress. ”2
Standards for C 2-Simulation Interoperation

Since 2003, a community focused on achieving interoperability among command and control (C2) systems and simulation systems has developed a new area of technology known as Battle Management Language (BML). Their vision is that a common basis for interoperation will lead to a future where military organizations can link their C2 and simulation systems without special preparation, in support of coalition operations. This paper reports on a project to incorporate a Coalition BML capability into an operational military C2 system by integrating capabilities of an open source BML server (SBMLserver) from the George Mason University C4I Center into the Widely Integrated Systems Environment (WISE) for C2, developed by Saab Corporation. The first demonstration of this system combined Saab’s 9LandBMS C2 system with WISE, SBMLserver, and the US Army OneSAF simulation system. The 9LandBMS system is capable of operating in degraded communication environments, introducing the challenge of successful interoperabilty with data-intensive simulation systems in such an environment. The paper summarizes the issues and current state of technology and standards for C2-simulation interoperability and explains the design and implementation principles employed for its incorporation into WISE. The resulting new capability offers coalitions the ability to achieve the long-sought goal of C2simulation interoperation using off-the-shelf products.
Isokinetic strength of the elbow flexors with the forearm in supination and in the neutral position

Peak and average moment of concentric elbow flexion was assessed in 30 males without previous elbow or shoulder injuries. Isokinetic assessment was performed with the forearm in supination and in the neutral position, at isokinetic velocities of 30, 60 and 120°. s -1 for both dominant and non-dominant sides. Eight volunteers were examined twice to determine test-retest reliability and estimate the variability of isokinetic moment data associated with normal fluctuations of strength performance over repeated measurements (inter-session variability) using the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC 3,1) and the 95% standard error of measurement (95% SEM). The ICC values and 95% SEM ranged between 0.76-0.99 and 3.3-16.2 Nm, respectively. Our findings revealed higher reliability and lower inter-session variability for average compared to peak moment data, the dominant compared to the non-dominant side and at the angular velocity of 120 compared to 30 or 60° s -1 . Isokinetic moment of elbow flexors was significantly greater with the forearm in supination compared to the neutral position (p < 0.001) regardless of the side or the isokinetic velocity used. Isokinetic strength of elbow flexion was significantly decreased, as the velocity increased (p < 0.001). The dominant side was also stronger compared to the non-dominant side (p < 0.05). The results of our study suggest that elbow flexors can be reliably assessed with an isokinetic dynamometer. Consistent positioning of the forearm is necessary when isokinetic elbow flexion is monitored in longitudinal studies. A bilateral difference of less than 5% should be taken into account when the contra-lateral is used for comparison in pre and post-injury or rehabilitation situations.
Damage severity assessment of a laboratory wind turbine blade using virus optimisation algorithm

This paper focuses on the development of a structural health monitoring (SHM) method for damage severity assessment of wind turbine blades. The methodology entails finite element model updating (FEMU) of a laboratory scale blade, accounting for uncertainty arising from measurement and modelling errors through incorporation of non-probabilistic fuzzy uncertainty quantification techniques. SHM involves continuous monitoring of the structure in operation, with dynamic responses obtained from the operational structure compared to those of the baseline with deviations in behaviour attributed to damage. In this research, the baseline model was calibrated through construction and minimisation of an objective function using a global optimisation algorithm (GOA) known as virus optimisation algorithm (VOA). Uncertainty in the blade Young’s modulus and shear modulus was quantified through the fuzzy FEMU process. Then, damage severity assessment was conducted through simulating multiple damage scenarios by addition of variable masses to the structure considered to cause localised changes whilst preventing permanent structural modification. In total, four single and one concurrent scenario were considered with 50g, 100g, 200g and 400g added individually to the trailing edge, with the last scenario adding 200g to both the trailing and the leading edge. This work investigated the use of VOA for fuzzy FEMU with optimal parameters of the algorithm considered and utilised for updating. The research was able to identify all five damage scenarios simulated on the structure, with sufficient accuracy and through uncertainty quantification the potential variation associated with these parameters were unrevealed.
Human Operator and Master Device Wave Transformation T T Wave Transformation Slave and Environment Communication channel

Performance of teleoperation can be greatly influenced by time delay in the process of telemanipulation with respect to accuracy and transparency. Wave variable is an effective algorithm to achieve a good stable capability. However, some traditional wave variable methods may decrease the performance of transparency and suffer the impacts of wave reflection. To deal with the problem of stability and transparency in teleoperation, in this paper, a novel wave variable method with four channel is presented to achieve stable tracking in position and force. In addition, the proposed method can achieve the distortion compensation and reduce the impacts of wave reflection. The simulation experimental results verified the tracking performance of the proposed method. INDEX TERMS teleoperation, wave-variable-based method with four channel, stability and transparency, position tracking, force reflection
Assessment of an Individualized , Self-Contained System in Electrical Circuits Laboratory

A pilot study was performed to evaluate the efficacy of a teaching protocol employing an individualized, self-contained laboratory system for instruction in a fundamental electrical circuits laboratory. For purpose of evaluation, students were divided into two academically matched groups. The control group utilized traditional laboratory equipment and performed their weekly laboratory assignments as two member teams. The study group used the Electronics Explorer Board (EEBoard) from Digilent to perform their weekly laboratory assignments individually at a time and location of their preference. The students were evaluated based on their individual performance on a final laboratory practicum exam which provided a metric of their acquired and retained laboratory knowledge and proficiency. The students who participated in the study group performed at a higher level on the final lab practicum than did the control group. When the students in the control group were partitioned in order to select the dominant team member, their final lab practicum scores approached the EEBoard group scores. Results from this pilot study indicated that an individualized laboratory system such as the Electronic Explorer Board potentially enhanced the students laboratory knowledge and proficiency compared with students who worked in two member teams utilizing traditional laboratory equipment.
Ravel : A MAS orchestration platform for Human-Chatbots Conversations

This paper presents Ravel, a multiagent systems (MAS) platform aimed to integrate natural language understanding components with orchestration components of dialogues between human beings and agents. Ravel enables the specification of (social) conversations norms, using deontic logic, for use in contexts where multiple agents and human users are conversing in natural language. We demonstrate the usefulness and versatility of Ravel in a chat-based finance adviser system designed as a chat group of five participants: four collaborative chatbots with two different roles (mediator and expert) and a human or chatbot user.
Assessment of Nutritional Status of Cancer Patients in National Institute of Cancer Research Hospital (Nicrh), Dhaka, Bangladesh

The present study intended to evaluate the nutritional status of Cancer patients undergoing therapeutic treatment and associated complications as well as quality of life outcomes. Weight loss and malnutrition are common among cancer patients, these two factors greatly affecting survival and quality of life during treatment. Since cancer is becoming increasingly common in the Bangladesh and nutrition is an important part of cancer treatment in order to provide better treatment measure, it is important to assess nutritional status. This study conducted from November 2016 to January 2017 to assess the nutritional status of one hundred and six randomly selected cancer patients in National Institute of cancer Research Hospital (NICRH), Dhaka. The assessment carried out using all the four direct method of nutritional assessment including anthropometric measures, bio-chemical or laboratory tests, clinical indicators and dietary assessment. The collected data were analyzed using computerized methods of analysis (SPSS and Microsoft Office Excel). The prevalence of cancer among the patients was 64% (female) and 36% (male). According to BMI only 23.02% were within standard range and the remaining 45.50% were under weight, 12.02% overweight, 10.98% obese class-I, 6% obese class-II and 2%were suffering from morbid obesity. The HB levels of 45 patents (42%) were below 10.4g/dl, 57 patients (54%) were in the range of 10.4-15.6g/dl and 4 patients (4%) are above 15.6g/dl among 106 cancer patients. Only 29.24% were taking nutritional supplement. Common complications of cancer patients like leucopenia (18.5%in male &25.2% in female), nausea, vomiting, asthenia, fever and diarrhea were identified. Regular assessment of nutritional status and proper nutritional treatment should be an essential part of cancer treatment in Bangladesh. Malnutrition has a high prevalence in cancer patients and has a close relationship with mortality, morbidity and treatment-related problems and also quality of life.