Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
On Irish sticklebacks: morphological diversification in a secondary contact zone

Question: How parallel is adaptive evolution when it occurs from different genetic backgrounds? Background: Divergent evolutionary lineages of several post-glacial fish species including the threespine stickleback are found together in Ireland. Goals: To investigate the morphological diversity of stickleback populations in Ireland and assess whether morphology evolved in parallel between evolutionary lineages. Methods: We sampled stickleback from lake, river, and coastal habitats across Ireland. Microsatellite and mitochondrial DNA data revealed evolutionary history. Geometric morphometrics and linear trait measurements characterized morphology. We used a multivariate approach to quantify parallel and non-parallel divergence within and between lineages. Results: Repeated evolution of similar morphologies in similar habitats occurred across Ireland, concordant with patterns observed elsewhere in the stickleback distribution. A strong pattern of habitat-specific morphology existed even among divergent lineages. Furthermore, a strong signal of shared morphological divergence occurred along a marine–freshwater axis. Evidently, deterministic natural selection played a more important role in driving freshwater adaptation than independent evolutionary history.
KAuth: A Strong Single Sign-On Service based on PKI

We deploy PKI for human authentication. We use a publicly available infrastructure, namely Keybase, for managing public-key pairs across devices. In addition, Keybase offers us several features for identifying users in social networks and a login-to-Keybase process which is password-less, meaning that authentication takes place using digital signatures produced by an Elliptic Curve (EC) cryptosystem. By using Keybase, we minimize the required cryptographic keys to the absolute minimum: one. We transform Keybase to a Single Sign-On (SSO) service which can vet users for using other services, exactly as it happens now with very popular, but entirely password-based, services. We implement two authentication schemes based on Keybase, KAuth and KAuth+, and we evaluate them using a state-of-the-art methodology.
The PRIORI Emotion Dataset: Linking Mood to Emotion Detected In-the-Wild

Bipolar Disorder is a chronic psychiatric illness characterized by pathological mood swings associated with severe disruptions in emotion regulation. Clinical monitoring of mood is key to the care of these dynamic and incapacitating mood states. Frequent and detailed monitoring improves clinical sensitivity to detect mood state changes, but typically requires costly and limited resources. Speech characteristics change during both depressed and manic states, suggesting automatic methods applied to the speech signal can be effectively used to monitor mood state changes. However, speech is modulated by many factors, which renders mood state prediction challenging. We hypothesize that emotion can be used as an intermediary step to improve mood state prediction. This paper presents critical steps in developing this pipeline, including (1) a new in the wild emotion dataset, the PRIORI Emotion Dataset, collected from everyday smartphone conversational speech recordings, (2) activation/valence emotion recognition baselines on this dataset (PCC of 0.71 and 0.41, respectively), and (3) significant correlation between predicted emotion and mood state for individuals with bipolar disorder. This provides evidence and a working baseline for the use of emotion as a meta-feature for mood state monitoring.
Application of ethyl formate with nitrogen in controlling fruit and vegetable insect pests in perishable commodities

Ethyl formate fumigation, as an alternative of methyl bromide has been developing and commercializing on exported and imported fruits and vegetables in Korea. Fumigation with cylinderized ethyl formate, with relatively short exposure fumigation time, shows effectiveness against target pest and less damage to the commodities than methyl bromide. However, to expand its commercial use to various commodities, costs of fumigant and fumigation need to be competitive to current methyl bromide treatment. In this paper, we report that new application technology of ethyl formate (Fumate) was applied with specially designed vapourizer with nitrogen as a carrier gas. This new technology showed reduce fumigation costs and was found be safe to fumigator as well as protect ozone layer and resulted in reduced greenhouse gas (carbon dioxide) emission.
INVESTIGATION ON ANTIBACTERIAL SYNERGISM OF ORIGANUM VULGARE AND THYMUS VULGARIS ESSENTIAL OILS

Essential oils are well known as strong antimicrobial agents of plant origin. In spite of this, the antimicrobial synergism of essential oils isolated from different plant species is poorly investigated. The following study examines the synergism of the essential oils of Origanum vulgare L. and Thymus vulgaris L against pathogenic bacteria, Staphylococcus aureus and Salmonella typhimurium. First, the antibacterial effect of the oils was tested, and the minimal inhibitory con- centrations (MIC) of both oils were determined using the microdilution method. To test whether the oils act synergisti- cally, every possible combination of essential oil concentrations was used in a dynamic checkerboard method. The results indicated that the oils indeed acted synergistically with fractional inhibitory concentration indexes of 0.45 and 0.50.
Drugs Implicated, Mortality and Use of Corticosteroids in Toxic Epidermal Necrolysis Cases: A Systematic Review of Published Case Reports and Case Series

Background: Toxic epidermal necrolysis (TEN) is a rare idiosyncratic mucocutaneous reaction associated with high mortality. Drugs are most commonly implicated in TEN. The treatment constitutes stopping the offending drug, along with symptomatic management. In this study, we searched for case reports/series of TEN and analyzed data to find the most commonly implicated drugs in TEN, effects of use of corticosteroids on mortality in TEN patients, changing trends in mortality over the past 3 decades and difference in mortality rates in both developing and developed countries. Materials and methods: We searched for case reports/series of TEN to evaluate most commonly implicated drugs in TEN, effects of use of corticosteroids on mortality in TEN patients, changing trends in mortality over the past three decades and difference in mortality rates in both developing and developed countries. Results: Antibiotics (28.6%) followed by antiepileptics (17.4%) and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (9.6%) are most commonly implicated. There was nonsignificant decrease in mortality among steroids users as compared to nonusers (OR = 2.0, CI 0.96-4.24). During the period between 1980 and 1989 the reported mortality in TEN cases was approximately 33.4%, which decreased to 27% in the next two decades. There was a nonsignificant difference in mortality in develo ping countries as compared to developed countries (OR: 0.70, CI 0.32-1.53). Conclusion: Corticosteroids have been associated with non significant reduction in the mortality. Apart from this, mortality did not differ over years together in both developing and developed countries.
The Stochastic Score Classification Problem

Consider the following Stochastic Score Classification Problem. A doctor is assessing a patient's risk of developing a certain disease, and can perform n tests on the patient. Each test has a binary outcome, positive or negative. A positive result is an indication of risk, and a patient's score is the total number of positive test results. Test results are accurate. The doctor needs to classify the patient into one of B risk classes, depending on the score (e.g., LOW, MEDIUM, and HIGH risk). Each of these classes corresponds to a contiguous range of scores. Test i has probability p_i of being positive, and it costs c_i to perform. To reduce costs, instead of performing all tests, the doctor will perform them sequentially and stop testing when it is possible to determine the patient's risk category. The problem is to determine the order in which the doctor should perform the tests, so as to minimize expected testing cost. We provide approximation algorithms for adaptive and non-adaptive versions of this problem, and pose a number of open questions.
Fractional Black-Scholes Option Pricing, Volatility Calibration and Implied Hurst Exponents

This paper addresses several theoretical and practical issues in option pricing and implied volatility calibration in a fractional Black-Scholes market. In particular, we discuss how the fractional Black-Scholes model admits a non-constant implied volatility term structure when the Hurst exponent is not 0.5, and also that one-year implied volatility is independent of Hurst exponent and equivalent to fractional volatility. Building on these observations, we introduce a novel 8-parameter fractional Black-Scholes inspired, or FBSI, model. This deterministic volatility surface model is based on the fractional Black-Scholes framework and uses Gatheral’s (2004) SVI pamaterisation for the fractional volatility skew and a quadratic parameterisation for the Hurst exponent skew. The issue of arbitrage-free calibration for the FBSI model is addressed in depth and it is proven in general that any FBSI volatility surface will be free from calendar-spread arbitrage. The FBSI model is empirically tested on implied volatility data on a South African equity index as well as the USDZAR exchange rate. Results show that the FBSI model fits the equity index implied volatility data very well and that a more flexible Hurst exponent parameterisation is needed to accurately fit the USDZAR implied volatility surface data.
Reproduction and fecundity of the Irish pollan (Coregonus autumnalis Pallas, 1776), a threatened lake coregonid

The sex ratio, age at maturation, fecundity, and seasonal development of gonads of pollan (Coregonus autumnalis) in Lough Neagh are described from samples collected between November 1997 and December 1999. Pollan reproductive ecology in the 1990s was similar to that found in the 1970s. Pollan egg size and fecundity differed between years but there were no long-term trends in fecundity despite considerable subsequent eutrophication of the lough and changes in the fish community.
Early vs . late focus : pitch-peak alignment in two dialects of Serbian and Croatian *

The overall goal of this study was to investigate the extent to which the existence of a lexical tonal contrast affects variation in the acoustic properties that cue the contrast. More specifically, the lexical, pragmatic and prosodic effects on F 0 peak alignment in two dialects of Serbian and Croatian with distinct phonological properties were examined: the Belgrade dialect with a lexical contrast between ‘rising’ and ‘falling’ accents and the Zagreb dialect without such lexical pitch-accent contrast. In the dialect with a lexical pitchaccent contrast, the effect of narrow focus on peak alignment is to enhance the contrast. In the dialect without such contrast, the effect of narrow focus is to enhance the prominence of the focused word/syllable by locating the salient pitch peak more strictly on the accented syllable. It was argued that in Zagreb, alignment differences are due to pragmatically defined accent categories. Tonal crowding in the phrase-final positions additionally affects tonal alignment regardless of the presence or absence of the lexical pitch-accent contrast. These results suggest that the variation in the acoustic properties that cue the contrast is restricted by the existence of a phonemic contrast. Furthermore, the phonetic implementation of F 0 targets is determined by an interaction of lexical, pragmatic and prosodic factors. Combined, all of these results have implications for the distinction between tonal alignment and association.
A NOVEL SHIP DETECTION METHOD FOR LARGE-SCALE OPTICAL SATELLITE IMAGES BASED ON VISUAL LBP FEATURE AND VISUAL ATTENTION MODEL

Abstract. Reliably ship detection in optical satellite images has a wide application in both military and civil fields. However, this problem is very difficult in complex backgrounds, such as waves, clouds, and small islands. Aiming at these issues, this paper explores an automatic and robust model for ship detection in large-scale optical satellite images, which relies on detecting statistical signatures of ship targets, in terms of biologically-inspired visual features. This model first selects salient candidate regions across large-scale images by using a mechanism based on biologically-inspired visual features, combined with visual attention model with local binary pattern (CVLBP). Different from traditional studies, the proposed algorithm is high-speed and helpful to focus on the suspected ship areas avoiding the separation step of land and sea. Largearea images are cut into small image chips and analyzed in two complementary ways: Sparse saliency using visual attention model and detail signatures using LBP features, thus accordant with sparseness of ship distribution on images. Then these features are employed to classify each chip as containing ship targets or not, using a support vector machine (SVM). After getting the suspicious areas, there are still some false alarms such as microwaves and small ribbon clouds, thus simple shape and texture analysis are adopted to distinguish between ships and nonships in suspicious areas. Experimental results show the proposed method is insensitive to waves, clouds, illumination and ship size.
Neuropsychological Assessment of Older Adults With Virtual Reality: Association of Age, Schooling, and General Cognitive Status

The development of neuropsychological assessment methods using virtual reality (VR) is a valid and promising option for the detection of cognitive impairment in the older people, focusing on activities composed of tasks of multiple demands. This study verified the association of age, schooling, and general cognitive status on the performance of neurologically healthy older adults in ECO-VR, a VR task of multiple demands for neuropsychological assessment. A total of 111 older adults answered a sociodemographic questionnaire, the Mini Mental State Examination, the Vocabulary subtest of the Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Adults (third edition), and the ECO-VR. Correlation analyses, multiple linear regression, and comparisons between groups (effects by age and schooling groups) were used to evaluate the results. The ECO-VR total score was significantly associated with age, years of education, MMSE, and Vocabulary subtest. The linear regression models identified that age was the main predictor for total score and rule breaking of ECO-VR. According to the univariate analysis, it was identified the main effect of age group and schooling group in the total ECO-VR score, but there was no interaction effect. The results are discussed in order to understand the role of sociodemographic characteristics in the performance of older adults in a VR task of multiple demands. It was also verified the possibility use of VR for neuropsychological assessment of older adults.
AGE STRUCTURE AND SEX RATIO OF LYGUS HESPERUS POPULATIONS IN CALIFORNIA COTTON

The impact of Lygus bugs on cotton yield is poorly understood. Growers have long observed that there is a large amount of unexplained variability between the number of Lygus observed in a cotton field and the amount of damage the crop sustains. We have begun to investigate this phenomenon by asking the question: can differences in age structure and sex ratio among Lygus populations affect sampling accuracy and/or damage to cotton squares? In 2002 we documented a wide range of age structures (adults versus nymphs) and sex ratios (males versus females) across ten different Lygus populations in California. Experiments using "whole cage sampling" allowed us to examine the efficiency of sweep sampling for assessing the absolute age structures and sex ratios of these populations. Results suggest that sweep samples do predict Lygus presence, but that they are more efficient in capturing adults versus nymphs. The underestimation of nymphs due to sweep sampling bias presents a problem for Lygus management because nymphs feed on squares as much as (or more than) adults. Sweep nets were also more efficient in capturing adult males versus adult females. This underestimation of female adults may pose a similar problem for Lygus management because adult female Lygus spend more time feeding on squares relative to adult males. Adult female density was positively correlated with egg density, suggesting that the propensity of sweep nets to favor adult males could be an additional problem for predicting future generations of Lygus in a field.
GREEN SUPPLY CHAIN MANAGEMENT IN DEVELOPING COUNTRIES

The concept of Green Supply Chain Management (GSCM) is new and a promising paradigm shift in promoting environmental sustainability. Although supply chain management as a whole is a well-known process associated with most industries, the concept of going green in supply chain management is somehow new to the business world, corporate, and construction firms. As of today, literature documents are very few on GSCM. In most corporate, construction firms and businesses the emphasis now is to raise environmentally responsible consumption and production with a view of promoting environmental quality, reduce poverty and bring about economic growth, with additional improvements in health, working conditions, and sustainability. Green Supply Chain Management (GSCM) is an environmental management tool which integrates environmental thinking into supply chain management. It has gained prominence among academics and practitioners. The aim of this paper is to briefly review the recent literatures on GSCM and also to determine the new direction of this emerging field. The review focuses on gaining understanding on different GSCM practices in developing countries. It includes literature which is relevant to environmental and social sustainability in construction management practices found in the developing countries.
Species-specific effects of genetic diversity and species diversity of experimental communities on early tree performance

Aims Changing biodiversity can affect ecosystem functioning. However, the role of genetic diversity within species, relative to the one of species diversity, has hardly been addressed. Methods To address the effects of both genetic diversity and species diversity during the important stage of early tree life, we used eight seed families (SF) taken from each of 12 evergreen and deciduous tree species of subtropical forest to perform a factorial experiment. We established 264 communities of 16 trees each. Each community had a species diversity of either one or four species and a genetic diversity of either one, two or four SF per species. We measured plant survival, growth rate, final biomass and herbivory 20 months after sowing. Important Findings Species differed from each other in biomass, growth rate, herbivory and survival (P < 0.001). Deciduous species tended to have much higher biomass (P < 0.1) and experienced higher herbivory (P < 0.05) than evergreen species. Species diversity affected the performance of different species differently (species diversity by species interaction, P <0.001 for all variables but survival). Biomass differed between SF and increasing genetic diversity from one to two, and from two to four, SF per species increased biomass for some species and decreased it for others (P < 0.001). Our study showed pronounced species–specific responses of early tree performance to species diversity and less pronounced responses to genetic diversity. These species–specific responses suggest feedbacks of species diversity and genetic diversity on future species composition.
A HYPOTHETICAL MECHANISM OF ACTION OF EMDR: THE ROLE OF SLOW WAVE SLEEP

EMDR is now considered as an elective treatment for PTSD and its efficacy is being proved in several other psychological conditions. Nevertheless, the EMDR underlying mechanisms of action have not yet been fully clarified. At the moment being, different theories have been proposed, such as the orienting response and the working memory hypothesis, which have been supported by various clinical and neurophysiological researches. This paper discusses a hypothesis which focuses on the similarity between the typical EMDR Eye Movements and delta and beta waves occurring during the Slow Wave Sleep. SWS appears to have a key role in memory consolidation and in the reorganization of distant functional networks, as well as Eye Movements seems to lead to a weakening of traumatic episodic memory and a reconsolidation of new associated information. SWS hypothesis may represent another important step toward the understanding on how
IDENTIFICANDO CARACTERÍSTICAS DA ACESSIBILIDADE WEB MOBILE: DESENVOLVIMENTO DE UM JOGO ACESSÍVEL PARA DISPOSITIVOS MÓVEIS

Maior tem sido a procura por jogos para dispositivos moveis, decorrente do crescimento de popularidade alinhado com a grande demanda de jogos para estes dispositivos. A grande maioria dos jogos nao e acessivel, de forma que jogadores que necessitam de caracteristicas especiais em sistemas interativos para jogar sao prejudicados. O desenvolvimento de metodos, tecnicas e ferramentas que auxiliem no desenvolvimento de jogos acessiveis para a web em dispositivos moveis e de suma importância para que o criterio acessibilidade seja assegurado. O objetivo desse trabalho e desenvolver um jogo acessivel para ser jogado em navegadores de dispositivos moveis e avaliar as dificuldades e a viabilidade tecnica da implantacao das recomendacoes de acessibilidade discutidas pela literatura. Os prototipos do jogo e os resultados de avaliacoes preliminares de acessibilidade demonstram ser possivel seguir diretrizes de acessibilidade para web, embora avaliacoes com diretrizes de acessibilidade especificas para jogos e testes com usuarios possam futuramente apontar conflitos entre as recomendacoes ou inviabilidade de implementacoes
Transportation and Need for Affect in Narrative Persuasion: A Mediated Moderation Model

Two experiments investigated the idea that individual differences in need for affect are critical for narrative persuasion. Need for affect, that is, the disposition to approach emotions, was assumed to facilitate the experience of being transported into the mental world of the narrative. An intense experience of transportation, in turn, should enhance the persuasive impact of narrative information on readers' beliefs. A mediated moderation analysis was used to test these assumptions. In both experiments (N = 314), need for affect (approach) and transportation moderated the persuasive effects of a fictional narrative compared to a belief-irrelevant control story (Experiment 1) and the persuasive effects of a story with high emotional content compared to a story with low emotional content (Experiment 2). The moderator effects of need for affect were shown to be mediated by the moderator effects of transportation. In sum, the magnitude of a person's need for affect determines whether and to what extent the person experiences transportation into the story world and is persuaded by the information presented in the narrative.
Maternal employment experiences, attention problems and behavioral performance: A mediational model

Summary The present study posits and empirically tests a process model examining the effects of interrole conflict, satisfaction with, and commitment to the role of employed mother on a self-report measure of cognitive difl^culties and a behavioral measure relevant to work performance (proof reading). Fifty-three full-time employed mothers with at least one child living at home participated. The proposed model, tested using Lisrel VI, provided an excellent fit to the data. Specifically, interrole conflict exerted an indirect effect on proof reading performance, mediated by self-reported attention and concentration difficulties. Satisfaction with and commitment to the role of employed mother were not related to either proof reading perfonnance or self-reported cognitive difficulties.