Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Insight into the origin of the Tengchong intraplate volcano and seismotectonics in southwest China from local and teleseismic data

Received 18 June 2008; revised 22 February 2009; accepted 10 March 2009; published 13 May 2009. [1] A high-resolution tomographic image of the crust and upper mantle under Yunnan Province in southwest China was determined by using a large number of teleseismic data measured precisely from digital seismograms as well as local- earthquake arrival times recorded by the dense Yunnan seismic network. The grid spacing of the tomographic model is 70 km 78 km in the horizontal directions and 4–70 km in depth. Our resulting model shows a clear low-velocity (low-V, <0.3% with respect to the average one-dimensional velocity model) column extending from the surface down to about 400-km depth under the active Tengchong volcano and some high-velocity (high-V) anomalies existing in the mantle transition zone. Furthermore, the low-Vanomaly extends horizontally toward the northeast at 250- to 400-km depth. Combining our tomographic results with geochemical and geological investigations, we infer that the Tengchong volcano is a rift-related volcano caused by the subduction and dehydration of the Indian plate as well as corner flow in the mantle wedge, though the subducted slab is a continental plate. Our results show that the upwelling flow under Tengchong originates at 400-km depth. A prominent low-V anomaly along the Red River fault zone extends down to the upper mantle (100-km depth), reflecting that the Red River fault zone may have cut through the crust to the upper mantle. The two Dayao earthquakes (M 6.1 and M 6.2) in 2003 occurred on the margin of high-V anomalies and are underlain by a prominent low-V anomaly in the lower crust and upper mantle, suggesting that the Dayao earthquakes may be associated with fluids released from the dehydration of the subducted Indian slab. These results are significantly improved compared with previous studies and provide new seismic constraints on the dynamic processes of the India-Asia collision.
Return Relationships Among European Equity Sectors: A Comparative Analysis Across Selected Sectors in Small and Large Economies

This paper examines return interrelationships between numbers of equity sectors across several European markets. The markets comprise six Member States of the European Union (EU): namely, Belgium, Finland, France, Germany, Ireland and Italy. The five sectors include the consumer discretionary, consumer staples, financial, industrials and materials sectors. Generalised Autoregressive Conditional Heteroskedasticity in Mean (GARCH- M) models are used to consider the impact of returns in other European markets on the returns in each market across each sector. The results indicate that there are relatively few significant interrelationships between sectors in different markets, with most of these accounted for by the larger markets in France, Germany and Italy. The evidence also suggests the consumer discretionary, financial and materials sectors are relatively more interrelated than the consumer staples and industrials sectors. This has clear implications for portfolio diversification and asset pricing in the EU.
Inertial limit on corotation

Corotation of a planetary magnetosphere with the rotation frequency of the planet is maintained by the viscous torque exerted by ion-neutral collisions in the planetary atmosphere, this torque being transmitted to the magnetosphere by Birkeland currents. In a steady state this torque balances the inertial drag associated with the production and/or outward transport of magnetospheric plasma. The viscous torque in the atmosphere requires some departure from rigid corotation, i.e., some difference between the average rotation velocities of the ionospheric plasma and of the un-ionized atmosphere. In this paper we calculate the inertial corotation lag as a function of radial distance in the magnetosphere, the solution being parameterized in terms of the Pedersen conductivity of the atmosphere and the rate at which plasma mass is produced and transported outward in the magnetosphere. Although insignificant in the case of earth's magnetosphere, the calculated inertial corotation lag is significant in the case of Jupiter’s magnetosphere, where the rotation frequency may decrease by a factor of the order of 2 between the planetary surface and the magnetopause. One interesting consequence is that the active sector of Jupiter's magnetosphere (which is associated with a longitudinally restricted sector of enhanced ionospheric conductivity) should rotate faster, at a given distance, than adjacent longitude sectors and should therefore sweep up plasma from adjacent longitudes, thus amplifying the preexisting enhancement of plasma concentration in the active longitude sector.
DAMAGE DETECTION AND MONITORING OF COMPOSITE STRUCTURES WITH THE USE OF PIEZOELECTRIC SENSORS

Damage detection in fiber-reinforced composite laminated panels using Lamb waves (wave propagation) is demonstrated with the use of a sensor array. Experiments are conducted to empirically characterize the wave propagation behavior in a manufactured laminate. Piezoelectric patches are used as sensors and actuators in the experiments. Composite laminates are manufactured with an embedded defect to simulate inter-ply delamination. Delaminations are one of the most severe defects associated with multilayered laminated composite structures. The experimental results are also compared with a numerical analysis for cylindrical panels with the use of 3D finite elements. A lot of numerical results allow us to understand better the influence of various parameters on the form of wave propagation in cylindrical multilayered shells. Based on numerical results it is possible to determine the effect of the delamination on the guided wave propagation in curved structures. id304437 pdfMachine by Broadgun Software a great PDF writer! a great PDF creator! http://www.pdfmachine. com http://www.broadgun. com
The spectrum of diseases caused by Aspergillus fumigatus

Introduction 1 The opportunistic mould Aspergillus is one of the most ubiquitous filamentous fungi in the world. It is a soil saprophytic fungus that plays a significant role in the aerobic decomposition of organic materials recyclin g of environmental carbon and nitrogen. These species produce abundant conidia that are released into the atmosphere. The small size of conidia makes them pr sent in the air at concentration 1 to 100 conidia per m3 . For many years, A. fumigatus was not thought to only reproduce asexually, as neither mating nor meiosis had ever been observed. However, A. fumigatus was shown to possess a fully functional sexual reproductive cycl e, 145 years after its original description by Fresenius(1 ). All human inhale several hundred conidia of Aspergillus per day, but it rarely results in disease in immunocomp etent persons, since conidia are easily eliminated. Ten teleomorph of Aspergillus have been described to date, being classified in the Ascomycota division, Euroti ales:
AmpC and metallo beta-lactamases producing Gram negative bacteria in patients with hematological malignancy

Resistance to broad spectrum β-lactams mediated by AmpC and metallo beta-lactamases (MBLs) enzymes is a rising problem worldwide. The wide dissemination of Gram negative bacteria harboring these enzymes represents a significant clinical threat during the last decade, which is mainly due to treatment failure and restriction of therapeutic options. This problem should be really estimated in our locality with special emphasis on immunocompromised patients. The aim of this study was to isolate Gram negative bacteria from differrent sites of infection among patients with hematological malignancy, and to examine those isolates for AmpC and MBLs production by phenotypic and genotypic methods. Seventy four Gram negative bacterial strains were isolated from 387 clinical samples collected from different infection sites. Those isolates were screened for the presence of AmpC and MBLs by modified three dimensional test and Imipenem–EDTA combined disc test, respectively. Multiplex PCR was done as a confirmatory step for detection of AmpC and MBLs production by these isolates. Pseudomonas aeroginosa was the most common isolated Gram negative strain that was found to be positive for AmpC and MBL production. DHA gene was the most frequently detected AmpC β-lactamase gene, whereas VIM was the only detected MBL gene among the Gram negative bacterial isolates by multiplex PCR. The strong association found between AmpC production and MBL gene carriage is alarming which necessitate continuous surveillance of such resistance mechanisms among the Gram negative bacteria, especially in patients with hematological malignancy. Key words: AmpC, metallo beta-lactamase (MBL), multiplex polymerase chain reaction, Pseudomonas aeroginosa.
Hydrodynamic boundary conditions for one-component liquid-gas flows on non-isothermal solid substrates

Recently, liquid-gas flows related to droplets, bubbles, and thin films on solid surfaces with thermal and wettability gradients have attracted widespread attention because of the many physical processes involved and their promising potential applications in biology, chemistry, and industry. Various new physical effects have been discovered at fluid-solid interfaces by experiments and molecular dynamics simulations, e.g., fluid velocity slip, temperature slip (Kapitza resistance), mechanical-thermal cross coupling, etc. There have been various models and theories proposed to explain these experimental and numerical observations. However, to the best of our knowledge, a continuum hydrodynamic model capable of predicting the temperature and velocity profiles of liquid-gas flows on non-isothermal, heterogeneous solid substrates is still absent. The purpose of this work is to construct a continuum model for simulating the liquid-gas flows on solid surfaces that are flat and rigid, and may involve wettability gradients and thermal gradients. This model is able to describe fluid velocity slip, temperature slip, and mechanical-thermal coupling that may occur at fluid-solid interfaces. For this purpose, we first employ the diffuse interface modeling to formulate the hydrodynamic equations for one-component liquid-gas flows in the bulk region. This reproduces the dynamic van der Waals theory of Onuki [Phys. Rev. Lett. , 94: 054501, 2005]. We then extend Waldmann’s method [Z. Naturforsch. A, 22: 1269-1280, 1967] to formulate the boundary conditions at the fluid-solid interface that match the hydrodynamic equations in the bulk. The effects of the solid surface curvature are also briefly discussed in the appendix. The guiding principles of our model derivation are the conservation laws and the positive definiteness of entropy production together with the Onsager reciprocal relation. The derived model is self-consistent in the sense that the boundary conditions are mathematically demanded by the bulk equations. A finite difference scheme is presented for numerically solving the model system. We show that some widely used boundary conditions can actually be recovered by taking appropriate limits. We also point out that the framework presented here for modeling two-phase flows on solid surfaces, from bulk equations to boundary conditions, is in a form that can be readily generalized to model other fluid-solid interfacial phenomena.
Optimal capital structure: case of SOE versus private listed corporation

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to examine whether corporate ownership affects corporate capital structure. This study also seeks to find out whether there is difference in dynamics of the capital structure between these two groups of firms. Design/methodology/approach – Based on panel data of China's listed firms from 1998 to 2007, this paper employs a static empirical model to validate the difference in capital structure between these two groups of firms, and then, a dynamic empirical model is used to explore the dynamic adjustment of the capital structure. Findings – The empirical results show that there is structural difference in static capital structure between state-owned and private listed firms. Further study results tell us that the adjustment to an optimal capital structure is to be faster for the private firm than for the state-owned firm. Practical implications – The findings suggest that compared with state-owned firms, private firms face higher financial friction in financing activit.
Bioactive Compounds of Chamber-Dried Blueberries at Controlled Temperature and Wines Obtained from Them

The effects of chamber drying under controlled temperature and moisture conditions and fermentation process on blueberry juices to obtain three wines were studied in this work. Drying was carried out with a view to increase the sugar content and obtain wines with an ethanol content similar to a commercial grape wine or to obtain sweet wines. Analyses included color parameters; browning index; and anthocyanin, flavonols, flavan-3-ol derivatives, and tannin concentrations, as well as vitamin C concentration and antioxidant activity. Based on the results, drying increases color and the concentration of anthocyanins and tannins most probably by the effect of dehydration of the berries and diffusion of the colored compounds from the skin to the pulp due to the structural alterations in their skin. In addition, drying decreases flavonols, flavan-3-ol derivatives, and vitamin C concentrations. The browning index, anthocyanins, and tannins decreased with the fermentation time, and vitamin C was constant with the fermentation time. The sensory analysis showed that the wines with the best sensory characteristics were those with residual sugar, partial fermented wines 1 and 2.
Asteroseismology of ZZ Ceti stars with full evolutionary white dwarf models: II. The impact of AGB thermal pulses on the asteroseismic inferences of ZZ Ceti stars

The thermally pulsing phase on the asymptotic giant branch (TP-AGB) is the last nuclear burning phase experienced by most of low and intermediate mass stars. During this phase, the outer chemical stratification above the C/O core of the emerging white dwarf is built up. The chemical structure resulting from progenitor evolution strongly impacts the whole pulsation spectrum exhibited by ZZ Ceti stars, which are pulsating C/O core white dwarfs located on an narrow instability strip at T eff \sim 12000 K. Several physical processes occurring during progenitor evolution strongly affect the chemical structure of these stars, being those found during the TP-AGB phase ones of the most relevant for the pulsational properties of ZZ Ceti stars. We present a study of the impact of the chemical structure built up during the TP-AGB evolution on the stellar parameters inferred from asteroseismological fits of ZZ Ceti stars. Our analysis is based on a set of carbon-oxygen core white dwarf models with masses from 0.534 to 0. 6463M_{\odot} derived from full evolutionary computations from the ZAMS to the ZZ Ceti domain. We compute evolutionary sequences that experience different number of thermal pulses. We find that the occurrence or not of thermal pulses during AGB evolution implies an average deviation in the astero- seimological effective temperature of ZZ Ceti stars of at most 8% and of the order of < 5% in the stellar mass. For the mass of the hydrogen envelope, however, we find deviations up to 2 orders of magnitude in the case of cool ZZ Ceti stars. For hot and intermediate temperature ZZ Ceti stars shows no differences in the hydrogen envelope mass in most cases. Our results show that, in general, the impact of the occurrence or not of thermal pulses in the progenitor stars is not negligible and must be taken into account in asteroseismological studies of ZZ Ceti stars.
The Metabolomics of Nitric Oxide and Reactive Nitrogen Species inImmune Editing Tumor Milieu: Influence of Nitric Oxide-ModulatingTherapies

Nitric oxide (NO), reactive nitrogen and oxygen species, hypoxia, L-arginine metabolites and peroxynitrite are contributing agents during various stages of carcinogenesis. Among these, NO contributes to various functions in the tumor microenvironment such as augmenting immune suppression, maintaining anergy to tumor associated antigens, stimulating angiogenesis, enhancing tumor growth and invasiveness, and modulating autophagy. Most cells in the tumor milieu either release NO and/or have altered physiological functions due to the influence of NO. Cancer cells evolve into a metabolic state to tolerate and reduce reactive nitrogen and oxygen species to elude oxidative damage. These cancer cells in the tumor microenvironment inhibit cellular infiltration of effector immune cells into the cancer milieu. Increased levels of CCAAT-enhancer-binding proteins such as C/EBP α and β are required for inducible Nitric Oxide Synthase (iNOS) gene expression and other transcripts for sustaining an immunosuppressive environment in growing tumors. The immunoediting property of reactive nitrogen and oxygen-modified metabolites change the functions of: intratumoral chemokines, T cell receptors, antigen specific tumor infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs), cytotoxic T lymphocyte, myeloid derived suppressive cells (MDSCs), gene expression, tumor suppressor genes, and Interferon responses which together countersignal tumor immunity. Recent studies show that reactive nitrogen species that promote tumor-mediated immune evasion can be reversed by gene therapy, immunotherapy, and chemotherapy by targeting or co-targeting excessive nitric oxide accumulation.
Can the Choice Behavior and Fitness of Tamarixia radiata (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae) be Affected by the Citrus (Sapindales: Rutaceae) Variety Used to Rear the Asian Citrus Psyllid (Hemiptera: Liviidae)?

Abstract Several studies have shown that the host plant influences the bioecological parameters of both pest insects and their natural enemies; however, few studies have evaluated the effect of varieties of the same plant species. This study evaluated the host-choice behavior (by a free-choice test) of Tamarixia radiata (Waterston) (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae) on nymphs of Diaphorina citri Kuwayama (Hemiptera: Liviidae) reared on 4 sweet orange (Sapindales: Rutaceae) varieties (Hamlin, Pêra, Natal, and Valencia), and its development (biology) in nymphs reared on these same varieties, on a mandarin (cv. Ponkan), and on orange jasmine. The host-choice behavior was not affected by the host on which D. citri was reared, showing that T. radiata has a degree of plasticity in interpreting the cues for host location. In the free-choice test, the hosts did not affect the percentage of parasitism. The emergence parameter, regardless of the host used, showed viability (egg to adult) above 80% for all varieties, with the highest level for Pêra sweet orange (90.06%). The parasitoid's development period in nymphs reared on Ponkan (12.4 d) was statistically similar to the period in nymphs reared on orange jasmine (11.80 d) but statistically longer than in nymphs reared on other citrus varieties. No significant difference in the sex ratio was observed. Tamarixia radiata as a biological control agent of D. citri can be an additional component in integrated pest management in citrus groves. It can be used regardless of the citrus variety, because its behavior and biology are similar for the main commercial varieties of citrus grown in São Paulo.
HOW TO IMPROVE EMPLOYEE MOTIVATION AND GROUP PERFORMANCE THROUGH LEADERSHIP -CONCEPTUAL MODEL

By exploring the competitiveness of industries and companies, we could identify the factors whose importance is likely to generate competitive advantage. An inventory of content elements of the business model summarizes the clearest opportunities and prospects. The objectives developed throughout the paper want to identify the pillars of a renewable business model and to describe the strategic dimensions of their capitalisation in regional and national energy entrepreneurship. The trend of increasing the renewable energy business volume is driven by the entrepreneurs and company's availability to try new markets, with many unpredictable implications and the willingness of these players or their creditors to spend their savings, in various forms, for the concerned projects. There is no alternative to intensive investment strategies, given that the small projects are not able to create high value and competitiveness for interested entrepreneurs. For this reason, the international practice shows that the business models in energy production are supported by partnerships and networks of entrepreneurs who are involved in the development of large projects. The most important feature of renewable business initiatives is on attracting the latest clean emerging technologies, and obviously the investors who can assume the risk of such great projects. The benefits of a well developed business model recommend a prudent approach in the launching in the investment strategies, because the competitive contexts hide always some dissatisfaction of the partners that endanger the business concept's success. The small firms can develop a profitable business model by exploring the opportunity of the alliances, namely the particular joint ventures (association between Romanian and foreign firms). The advantages of joint venture's partners are considerable; they include access to expertise, resources and other assets that the partners could not achieve on their own. The present research emphasizes a series of positive aspects and shows the dysfunctions encountered by the companies that develop business models in the Romanian renewable energy.
The Flat One Bridge technique for full-arch edentulism: long term results from a prospective cohort study

Background and objectives. Immediate loading of dental implants was developed in the last years to treat edentulism. In selected clinical situations, the implants can be loaded successfully immediately or just after their placement, although not all clinicians may achieve optimal results. The aim of the present study is to report the success rate of a new technique, the Flat One Bridge (FOB) in a cohort of patients requiring full arch rehabilitation, with a subgroup analysis according to the their clinical status. Materials and Methods. The study was designed as a prospective cohort study. 48 consecutive patients (24 females), average age 45 years, requiring full arch rehabilitation, were divided into 4 Groups according to their clinical status: 24 in the Native Bone Group (NBG), 8 in the Periodontitis Group (PEG), 2 in the Guided Bone Regeneration Group (GBRG), and 14 in the Fresh Extraction Group (FEG). All patients were treated with FOB on Ossean implants (Intra-Lock, Boca-Raton, FL, USA), and were followed-up for an average of 8 years. The outcome results were measured with the success, survival and failure rates. The statistical analysis was performed with a Fisher’s Exact test. Results. The overall success and implant survival rate of the study population was 95.8%. There were only 2 failures (4.2%), both in the PEG group. Patients in the NBG and GBR groups had a 100% success rate. The PEG showed in majority success. The FEG showed some implant survivals (p<0.05). Discussion and Conclusion. This study shows the effectiveness of the Flat One Bridge to treat full arch edentulism. Most patients had a positive result, that was maintained on the long term.