Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Episodic Ataxia Type 1 Mutations in the Human Kv1.1 Potassium Channel Alter hKvβ1-Induced N-Type Inactivation

Episodic ataxia type 1 (EA1) is an autosomal dominant neurological disorder affecting both central and peripheral nerve function, causing attacks of imbalance and uncontrolled movements. Genetic linkage studies have identified mutations in the gene encoding the voltage-gated delayed rectifier potassium channel Kv1.1 as underlying EA1. The EA1 mutations E325D and V408A, residing near the cytoplasmic ends of S5 and S6, respectively, induce an unstable open state, resulting in an ∼10-fold increase in deactivation rates compared with wild-type (WT) channels. Coexpression of EA1 mutations with human Kvβ1 (hKvβ1) subunits in Xenopusoocytes yielded channels with altered rapid N-type inactivation. Compared with WT channels, inactivation was approximately twofold slower for homomeric E325D or V408A channels and 1.5-fold slower for heteromeric channels composed of two WT and two E325D or V408A subunits. Recovery from inactivation was ∼10-fold faster for homomeric E325D or V408A channels and threefold to fourfold faster for heteromeric WT and E325D or V408A channels compared with WT channels. Currents during successive pulses 3 msec in duration given at a rate of 40 kHz decayed e-fold in approximately four pulses for homomeric E325D or V408A and ∼2.5 pulses for heteromeric channels compared with approximately one pulse for WT channels. These results show that channels containing E325D or V408A subunits, which destabilize the open state, increase the rate of recovery from inactivation. The slower onset and more rapid recovery of hKvβ1-induced inactivation in channels containing these EA1 subunits may affect temporal integration of action potential firing rates.
Autoantibody and environmental damage to the brain

Las anormalidades de comportamiento y disfunciones cognitivas pueden presentarse en pacientes con enfermedades autoinmunes. Estos sintomas pueden fluctuar de leves hasta eventos potencialmente mortales. En su gran mayoria los mecanismos responsables de estas manifestaciones neuropsiquiatricas siguen siendo desconocidas, sin embargo se han identificado varias vias patogenicas. Por ejemplo; neurotoxicidad mediada por anticuerpos, vasculopatia inducida por anticuerpos anti-fosfolipidos, neurotoxicidad inducida por citoquinas, asi como factores externos que incluyen sustancias toxicas y medicamentos. Para poder investigar algunos de estos mecanismos, evaluamos el efecto de auto-anticuerpos relacionados con el lupus eritematoso sistemico neuropsiquiatrico en modelos animales (Anticuerpo idiotipico 16/6 y el anticuerpo anti-ribosoma P) y narcolepsia (empleando IgG de pacientes narcolepticos), asi como el efecto de la vacuna del virus del papiloma humano en ratones. La inmunizacion pasiva por inyeccion intracerebro-ventricular de estos anticuerpos condujo a cambios histologicos, cognitivos y de comportamiento. En particular, los ratones inmunizados con el anticuerpo idiotipico 16/6 desarrollaron deficit cognitivo y los ratones inmunizados con el anticuerpo anti-ribosomal P desarrollaron depresion. Los ratones que recibieron IgG total de pacientes narcolepticos desarrollaron trastornos del sueno y cambios histologicos cerebrales consistentes con la enfermedad. Un analisis mas profundo del papel del anticuerpo anti-ribosomal P humano revelo que reacciona de manera cruzada con la proteina neuronal “Gap43” interfiriendo con procesos celulares. Por otra parte, la inmunizacion con la vacuna del virus del papiloma humano causo la produccion de anticuerpos contra componentes del cerebro. Adicionalmente, los ratones inmunizados con la vacuna, al igual que los inmunizados con su adyuvante desarrollaron deficiencia cognitiva y conductual, que fue mejorada con la suplementacion alimenticia basada en fosfolipidos. En general, aqui se demuestra que anormalidades del comportamiento y disfunciones cognitiva pueden ser parte de la amplia gama de manifestaciones clinicas autoinmunes. Ademas, nuestros resultados sugieren que estas pueden ser causadas por danos colaterales debido a la desregulacion inmune causada por autoinmunidad, asi como por la vacunacion. Adicionalmente, sugerimos que diferentes auto-anticuerpos causan diferentes sintomas basados en diferentes interacciones con el tejido cerebral.
Slender body theories for rotating filaments

Abstract Slender fibres are ubiquitous in biology, physics and engineering, with prominent examples including bacterial flagella and cytoskeletal fibres. In this setting, slender body theories (SBTs), which give the resistance on the fibre asymptotically in its slenderness $\epsilon$, are useful tools for both analysis and computations. However, a difficulty arises when accounting for twist and cross-sectional rotation: because the angular velocity of a filament can vary depending on the order of magnitude of the applied torque, asymptotic theories must give accurate results for rotational dynamics over a range of angular velocities. In this paper, we first survey the challenges in applying existing SBTs, which are based on either singularity or full boundary integral representations, to rotating filaments, showing in particular that they fail to consistently treat rotation–translation coupling in curved filaments. We then provide an alternative approach which approximates the three-dimensional dynamics via a one-dimensional line integral of Rotne–Prager–Yamakawa regularized singularities. While unable to accurately resolve the flow field near the filament, this approach gives a grand mobility with symmetric rotation–translation and translation–rotation coupling, making it applicable to a broad range of angular velocities. To restore fidelity to the three-dimensional filament geometry, we use our regularized singularity model to inform a simple empirical equation which relates the mean force and torque along the filament centreline to the translational and rotational velocity of the cross-section. The single unknown coefficient in the model is estimated numerically from three-dimensional boundary integral calculations on a rotating, curved filament.
Band 3 Erythrocyte Membrane Protein Acts as Redox Stress Sensor Leading to Its Phosphorylation by p72 Syk

In erythrocytes, the regulation of the redox sensitive Tyr phosphorylation of band 3 and its functions are still partially defined. A role of band 3 oxidation in regulating its own phosphorylation has been previously suggested. The current study provides evidences to support this hypothesis: (i) in intact erythrocytes, at 2 mM concentration of GSH, band 3 oxidation, and phosphorylation, Syk translocation to the membrane and Syk phosphorylation responded to the same micromolar concentrations of oxidants showing identical temporal variations; (ii) the Cys residues located in the band 3 cytoplasmic domain are 20-fold more reactive than GSH; (iii) disulfide linked band 3 cytoplasmic domain docks Syk kinase; (iv) protein Tyr phosphatases are poorly inhibited at oxidant concentrations leading to massive band 3 oxidation and phosphorylation. We also observed that hemichromes binding to band 3 determined its irreversible oxidation and phosphorylation, progressive hemolysis, and serine hyperphosphorylation of different cytoskeleton proteins. Syk inhibitor suppressed the phosphorylation of band 3 also preventing serine phosphorylation changes and hemolysis. Our data suggest that band 3 acts as redox sensor regulating its own phosphorylation and that hemichromes leading to the protracted phosphorylation of band 3 may trigger a cascade of events finally leading to hemolysis.
Contact Activation by Pathogenic Bacteria: A Virulence Mechanism Contributing to the Pathophysiology of Sepsis

Activation of the so-called contact system has 2 major consequences; initiation of the intrinsic pathway of coagulation and the release of bradykinin, a highly potent proinflammatory peptide inducing vascular permeability and capillary leakage. Several significant human pathogens have the ability to activate the contact system, and the potential significance of this mechanism in bacterial virulence, including its role in sepsis, is discussed in this review.
Polyphenols from flowers of Magnolia coco and their anti-glycation effects

We investigated the inhibitory effects of several plant extracts on advanced glycation end-products (AGEs) formation. Among tested samples, the flower extract of Magnolia coco showed significant inhibition of AGE formation. We isolated and characterized procyanidin oligomer and four other compounds from the flowers, and evaluated their inhibitory effects on AGE formation and the AGE-derived crosslink-cleaving activity of the isolated compounds.
[Delay in ophthalmologic examination of diabetic retinopathy patients].

OBJECTIVE To assess the delay in the ophthalmic examination of patients affected with severe diabetic retinopathy but no visual complaint. METHODS A transversal analytical study was conducted of 44 visually asymptomatic diabetic patients. All were eligible to retinal panphotocoagulation in at least one eye. Duration and type of the disease as well as time of the first ophthalmic examination were established. RESULTS Of the 44 patients, 6 (13.7%) had diabetes type 1 and 38 (86.3%) had diabetes type 2. Proliferative diabetic retinopathy was present in 24 (54.5%) and severe or very severe non proliferative retinopathy was present in 20 (45.5%). Best visual acuity ranged from 0.5 to 1.0 (mean 0.83+/-0.17) according to the Snellen chart. The time interval between diagnosis of diabetes and the first ophthalmic examination ranged from 7 to 19.5 years (13.2+/-5.12) for diabetes type 1 and from 3 months to 18 years (5.2+/-4.81) for diabetes type 2. CONCLUSION Advanced diabetic retinopathy may be detected at different times of the ophthalmic examination in both types of diabetes. Although the mean interval between the diagnosis and the first examination is 13 years for diabetes type 1 and 5 years for diabetes type 2, this severe kind of retinopathy occurred as early as three months after diagnosis of diabetes. This points to the need for an earlier ophthalmic examination in the case of this disease.
MicroRNA-155-5p is associated with oral squamous cell carcinoma metastasis and poor prognosis.

BACKGROUND Abnormal miRNA expression was recently implicated in the metastasis of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) and with a poor prognosis. The initiation of the invasion-metastasis cascade involves epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). Our aim was to clarify how miRNA, especially miR-155-5p misexpression contributes to OSCC metastasis through EMT. METHODS We collected tumor samples from 73 subjects with OSCC. The samples were analyzed by quantitative reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR), and correlations between miR-155-5p levels and clinical characteristics were investigated. OSCC cell lines were analyzed by miRNA microarray and by transfection with a miR-155-5p mimic or inhibitor, followed by proliferation and wound-healing migration assays. qRT-PCR analyses of EMT makers in cells transfected with miR-155-5p inhibitor were performed. RESULTS We found high miR-155-5p expression in tissue samples from subjects with OSCC that had metastasized to cervical lymph nodes. HSC-3 cells also strongly expressed miR-155-5p. The epithelial marker E-cadherin was strongly expressed in HSC-3 cells transfected with miR-155-5p inhibitor, and we observed elevated SOCS1 and decreased STAT3 expression in these cells. CONCLUSIONS Our results suggest that miR-155-5p causes OSCC to metastasize, and could serve as a novel therapeutic target for OSCC.
Effect of Locally Produced Blood Meal on Growth Performance and Packed Cell Volume of Broiler Chicks

This research evaluated the effect of locally produced blood meal on growth performance of broiler chicks. Three experimental diets were formulated; diet one served as control without blood meal, diet 2 contained 100g of blood meal mixed in 500g of chick mash while diet 3 contained 300g of blood meal mixed with 500g of chick mash. Forty-five broiler chicks were randomly assigned to the three treatments having five birds per cage. Each treatment was replicated three times. The experimental diets and portable water were supplied ad libitium throughout the experimental period for 42 days. At the end of the experiment, birds fed diet 2 (100g blood meal and 500g chick mash) gained more weight having mean weight gain of 3.04g than birds fed with diet 3 (300g of blood meal mixed with 500g of chick mash) having mean weight gain of 2.95g and birds fed with diet 1 (control, no blood meal). Also there was significant difference (P < 0.05) between the packed cell volume of birds feed with diet 2 and those fed with diet 1 and 3. The result of the research indicated that diet 2 enhances growth and boosts the PCV in broiler chicks. Broilers fed with diet two had the highest mean packed cell volume of 41.40%, followed by those fed with diet 3 which had 40.20% while those fed with diet 1 had 37%.
Photon counting from the vacuum ultraviolet to the short wavelength infrared using semiconductor and superconducting technologies

In the last decade, several photon counting technologies have been developed opening a new window for experiments in the low photon number regime. Several ongoing and future projects in HEP benefit from these developments, which will also have a large impact outside HEP. During the next decade there is a clear technological opportunity to fully develop these sensors and produce a large impact in HEP. In this white paper we discuss the need for photon counting technologies in future projects, and present some technological opportunities to address those needs.
Asymmetric paternal effect on offspring size linked to parent‐of‐origin expression of an insulin‐like growth factor

Abstract Sexual reproduction brings together reproductive partners whose long‐term interests often differ, raising the possibility of conflict over their reproductive investment. Males that enhance maternal investment in their offspring gain fitness benefits, even if this compromises future reproductive investment by iteroparous females. When the conflict occurs at a genomic level, it may be uncovered by crossing divergent populations, as a mismatch in the coevolved patterns of paternal manipulation and maternal resistance may generate asymmetric embryonic growth. We report such an asymmetry in reciprocal crosses between populations of the fish Girardinichthys multiradiatus. We also show that a fragment of a gene which can influence embryonic growth (Insulin‐Like Growth Factor 2; igf2) exhibits a parent‐of‐origin methylation pattern, where the maternally inherited igf2 allele has much more 5′ cytosine methylation than the paternally inherited allele. Our findings suggest that male manipulation of maternal investment may have evolved in fish, while the parent‐of‐origin methylation pattern appears to be a potential candidate mechanism modulating this antagonistic coevolution process. However, disruption of other coadaptive processes cannot be ruled out, as these can lead to similar effects as conflict.
Can we identify abusive bites on children?

Bites are currently the only physically abusive injury where we can potentially identify the perpetrator. This may be from the dental characteristics or additionally from salivary DNA.1 Bites may also be a source of cross infection, for example of hepatitis. It is essential therefore that paediatricians recognise a potential bite, and refer appropriately to a forensic odontologist (of which there about 20 in the UK; details on the BAFO website2). We conducted an all language systematic review of the literature spanning more than …
Open implementation and flexibility in CSCW toolkits

This distribution copy has been repaginated to reduce its size. The page numbers are not the same as in the submitted version. Please do not cite anything by page number. Abstract. 3 Abstract The design of Computer-Supported Cooperative Work (CSCW) systems involves a variety of disciplinary approaches, drawing as much on sociological and psychological perspectives on group and individual activity as on technical approaches to designing distributed systems. Traditionally, these have been applied independently—the technical approaches focussing on design criteria and implementation strategies, the social approaches focussing on the analysis of working activity with or without technological support. However, the disciplines are more strongly related than this suggests. Technical strategies—such as the mechanisms for data replication, distribution and coordination—have a significant impact on the forms of interaction in which users can engage, and therefore on how their work proceeds. Consequently , the findings of sociological and psychological investigations of collaborative working have direct impact for how we go about designing collaborative systems. In support of this relationship, this thesis concentrates on the provision of flexibility in CSCW systems , and, in particular, in toolkits from which they are generated. Flexibility is key to supporting many characteristics of group behaviour detailed by observational investigations—the improvised nature of work and activity, individual and group tailoring, customisation and re-purposing, changing group membership and activity over the course of a collaboration, and so forth. Based on an analysis of current CSCW toolkits, and on the interaction between user behaviour and system design, I will demonstrate that, as in many other areas of system development, traditional notions of abstraction in system design mitigate against the design of open, flexible systems. " Open Implementation " is an emerging approach based on the systematic and principled exposure of mechanism in system components, " opening up " abstractions to examination and manipulation. Concentrating particularly on distributed data management and concurrency, I will show how these ideas can be exploited to provide an open and customisable framework enabling programmers and end-users to tailor toolkit structures to the needs of applications and domains. Abstract. 4 Dedication. 5 Dedication The character of Prospero, the magus of Shakespeare's " The Tempest " , was reputedly inspired by the Elizabe-than scientist, alchemist and Hermetic philosopher, John Dee (1527–1608). The tenets of Hermetic philosophy, while intricate, have a simple basis—that the structure of our earthly world reflects the structure of the heavens. By understanding …
Classification des particules par ultrason et réseaux de neurones artificiels (Application aux emboles)

Les systemes d’imagerie vasculaire du cerveau sont aujourd’hui des outils indispensables d’aide au diagnostic dans les differents services de neurologie et de reanimation. Les accidents vasculaires cerebraux qui correspondent a la troisieme cause de mortalite se divisent en deux grandes familles: les ischemies et les hemorragies. Les systemes d’imagerie, utilises en routine clinique pour observer les ischemies cerebrales (30 % des infarctus cerebraux correspondent a des embolies), les malformations (anevrisme), les hemorragies meningees et les thromboses veineuses, sont les scanners, les systemes d’angio- IRM (ARM) et les systemes Doppler transcrânien (DTC). De nos jours, le systeme Doppler est un systeme d’exploration non invasif qui permet une etude qualitative du retentissement hemodynamique des stenoses arterielles cervicales. Les techniques Doppler restent tres peu sensibles a la caracterisation (detection ou classification) des emboles et presentent des carences reelles pour la discrimination entre emboles gaz (contraste) et emboles solides (tissu). Dans ce memoire, nous proposons plusieurs methodes de detection et de caracterisation d’emboles (gaz et solides) basees sur les ultrasons en utilisant des modeles non lineaires tels que les reseaux de neurones artificiels et la methode de machines a vecteurs de support
Clasificación de frases obscenas o vulgares dentro de tweets

Resumen. Se propone una metodologia para la deteccion frases obscenas y vulgares en los tweets, debido a que Mexico es uno paises donde se usa mucho el doble sentido para comunicarse. La metodologia propuesta se apoya en un diccionario de mexicanismos etiquetado manualmente por expertos. Se pudo detectar que las palabras obscenas y vulgares son las que mas se emplean y los estados del pais que mas las utilizan. Ademas en base al diccionario, se logra clasificar un conjunto de tweets, dichos tweet fueron tomados por zonas geograficas de Mexico, consideramos que dichas personas son mexicanas y por lo tanto pueden llegar a manejar el doble sentido. La intencion de esto es poder tener un sistema que ayude a encontrar cuando una persona esta utilizando el doble sentido dentro de algun texto corto, como pueden ser los tweets y ademas lograr hacer mapas de Mexico que nos proporcione informacion los lugares donde se utilizan con mayor frecuencia el doble sentido. Palabras clave: Palabras obscenas, palabras vulgares, albur, diccionarios, textos cortos.
Aufmerksamkeitssteuerung - ein Ansatz zur Pilotenunterstützung in der Rollführung

Bereits heute, bei 2- oder 3-kopfigen Besatzungen, ist die Rollfuhrung von Flugzeugen auf Verkehrsflughafen eine fehlertrachtige Aufgabe. Insbesondere im 1-Piloten-Cockpit der Zukunft stellt das sogenannte TAXIING angesichts heutiger Hilfsmittel und Zahlen zu Beinahe-Unfallen eine nicht zu unterschatzende Herausforderung dar. Abhilfe konnte eine Unterstutzung der Aufmerksamkeitsverteilung des Piloten schaffen. Verbreitet werden heute als Orientierungshilfe wahrend des Rollvorgangs Tablet-Computer verwendet, die eine MOVING MAP anzeigen. Darauf basierend wird ein Konzept zur Steuerung der Aufmerksamkeitsverteilung vorgestellt und erste Ergebnisse aus der durchgefuhrten Simulatorstudie werden prasentiert.
YouTube over Google's QUIC vs Internet Middleboxes: A Tug of War between Protocol Sustainability and Application QoE

Middleboxes such as web proxies, firewalls, etc. are widely deployed in today's network infrastructure. As a result, most protocols need to adapt their behavior to co-exist. One of the most commonly used transport protocols, QUIC, adapts to such middleboxes by falling back to TCP, where they block it. In this paper, we argue that the blind fallback behavior of QUIC, i.e., not distinguishing between failures caused by middleboxes and that caused by network congestion, hugely impacts the performance of QUIC. For this, we focus on YouTube video streaming and conduct a measurement study by utilizing production endpoints of YouTube by enabling TCP and QUIC at a time. In total, we collect over 2600 streaming hours of data over various bandwidth patterns, from 5 different geographical locations and various video genres. To our surprise, we observe that the legacy setup (TCP) either outperforms or performs the same as the QUIC-enabled browser for more than 60% of cases. We see that our observation is consistent across individual QoE parameters, bandwidth patterns, locations, and videos. Next, we conduct a deep-dive analysis to discover the root cause behind such behavior. We find a good correlation (0.3-0.7) between fallback and QoE drop events, i.e., quality drop and re-buffering or stalling. We further perform Granger causal analysis and find that fallback Granger causes either quality drop or stalling for 70% of the QUIC-enabled sessions. We believe our study will help designers revisit the decision to enable fallback in QUIC and distinguish between the packet drops caused by middleboxes and network congestion.