Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Localized Spanners for Ad Hoc Wireless Networks

We present a new efficient localized algorithm to construct, for any given quasi-unit disk graphG = (V , E) and anyε > 0, a(1+ ε)-spanner forG of maximum degreeO(1) and total weightO(ω(MST )), whereω(MST ) denotes the weight of a minimum spanning tree for V . We further show that similar localized techniques can be used to construct, for a given unit disk graphG = (V , E), a planarCdel(1+ε)(1+ π2 )-spanner for G of maximum degreeO(1) and total weightO(ω(MST )). HereCdel denotes the stretch factor of the unit Delaunay triangulation for V . Both constructions can be completed inO(1) rounds of communication, and require each node to know its own coordinates.
Sources of variability in iso-inertial jump assessments.

PURPOSE This investigation aimed to quantify the typical variation for kinetic and kinematic variables measured during loaded jump squats. METHODS Thirteen professional athletes performed six maximal effort countermovement jumps on four occasions. Testing occurred over 2 d, twice per day (8 AM and 2 PM) separated by 7 d, with the same procedures replicated on each occasion. Jump height, peak power (PP), relative peak power (RPP), mean power (MP), peak velocity (PV), peak force (PF), mean force (MF), and peak rate of force development (RFD) measurements were obtained from a linear optical encoder attached to a 40 kg barbell. RESULTS A diurnal variation in performance was observed with afternoon values displaying an average increase of 1.5-5.6% for PP, RPP, MP, PV, PF, and MF when compared with morning values (effect sizes ranging from 0.2-0.5). Day to day reliability was estimated by comparing the morning trials (AM reliability) and the afternoon trials (PM reliability). In both AM and PM conditions, all variables except RFD demonstrated coefficients of variations ranging between 0.8-6.2%. However, for a number of variables (RPP, MP, PV and height), AM reliability was substantially better than PM. PF and MF were the only variables to exhibit a coefficient of variation less than the smallest worthwhile change in both conditions. DISCUSSION Results suggest that power output and associated variables exhibit a diurnal rhythm, with improved performance in the afternoon. Morning testing may be preferable when practitioners are seeking to conduct regular monitoring of an athlete's performance due to smaller variability.
Multisystem proteinopathy

Multisystem proteinopathy (MSP) is an inherited pleiotropic degenerative disorder that can affect muscle, bone, and the nervous system and was first reported as familial motor neuron disease in association with Paget disease of bone (PDB). 1 The MSP phenotype also involves inclusion body myopathy (IBM) or frontotemporal dementia (FTD). 2 The acronym “IBMPFD” describes some families with this syndrome, but it has outlived its usefulness since other phenotypic features sometimes dominate the clinical picture: parkinsonism3,4 and peripheral neuropathy5,6 occur, and motor neuron dysfunction is frequent (11 of 17 consecutive MSP cases in one series). 7 An operational definition of MSP is a combination of 2 or more of IBM, PDB, and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS)/FTD (where ALS and FTD are considered as one spectrum). Histopathologically, MSP-affected tissues have ubiquitin-positive inclusions that contain RNA-binding proteins, such as TDP-43, hnRNPA1, and hnRNPA2B1, but may also include positive staining for proteins that mediate ubiquitin-dependent autophagy, including p62/SQSTM1, VCP, optineurin, and ubiquilin-2.8–10
Community Study of Dementia in the Older Korean Rural Population

Objective: This study aims to estimate the prevalence of all dementias, including Alzheimer's disease (AD) and vascular dementia (VaD) in a population of Korean elderly and to identify possible risk factors which correlated with specific types of dementia. Method: A two-phase survey, based on a door-to-door survey, was conducted. Initially, the Korean version of the Psychogeriatric Assessment Scale (PAS-K) was administered to all 1037 participants aged 65 years and older. Three hundred and seventy people sampled from the case groups (n = 320) of PAS-K subscales and the non-case group (n = 50) entered the second phase for clinical evaluation. Dementia was defined using the DSM-III-R, NINCDSADRDA and NINDS-AIREN criteria. Results: Among 1037 elderly people aged 65–94 years who completed the interview, 74 cases of dementia were detected, giving an overall age-standardized prevalence (95% CI) of 6.8% (6.1–7.5) (male 6.3%[5.3–7.4]; female 7.1% [6.1–8.0]). The prevalence (95% CI) of AD was 4.2% (3.6–4.7) (male 2.4% [2.0–2.8]; female 5.3% [4.5–6.1]), and it increased with age. The prevalence (95% CI) of VaD was 2.4% (2.0–2.8) (male 3.5% [2.7–4.3]; female 1.6% [1.2–2.1]). Smoking for longer than 30 pack-years significantly increased the risk of VaD (OR = 11.5 [2.8–44,6]). Conclusion: Long-term smoking, much more prevalent in men, may be closely related to higher risk of cerebrovascular disease that leads to vascular dementia.
p16INK4a Gene Promoter Hypermethylation in Mucosa as a Prognostic Factor for Patients with Colorectal Cancer

Low gene expression of folylpolyglutamate synthase (FPGS) in colorectal mucosa correlates with low folate levels and poor survival of colorectal cancer (CRC) patients. Because gene-specific hypermethylation is affected by the folate level, the hypermethylation status in mucosa may also be linked to clinical outcome of CRC patients. The tumor suppressor gene p16INK4a (p16) regulates the cell cycle and angiogenic switch. In human neoplastic tissues, the main mechanism of p16 inactivation is promoter methylation. The aim of the study was to determine whether hypermethylation of the p16 promoter could be detected in mucosa of CRC patients (n = 181) and to analyze if hypermethylation was related to survival. The relation between p16 hypermethylation and expression of FPGS and two other folate-associated genes, reduced folate carrier 1 (RFC-1), and thymidylate synthase (TS), was analyzed (n = 63). The results showed that p16 was hypermethylated in 65 (36%) of the mucosa samples and that hypermethylation was age-related (P = 0.029). After adjustment for known risk factors, Cox regression analysis showed that Dukes’ A–C patients with p16 hypermethylation in mucosa had an increased risk of cancer-related death (hazard ratio = 2.9, P = 0.007) and shorter disease-free survival (hazard ratio = 2.5, P = 0.015) compared with patients with no p16 hypermethylation. RFC-1 and FPGS gene expression levels were significantly correlated in patients lacking p16 hypermethylation in mucosa (P = 0.0003), but not at all correlated in patients having hypermethylation in mucosa (P = 1.0). In conclusion, p16 hypermethylation in mucosa of CRC patients was identified as an independent prognostic parameter for cancer-specific survival as well as an independent predictor of DFS. The results suggest that there might be a connection between folate-associated gene expression and p16 methylation status.
A Research on Debt Financing Effects Based on the Power Companies

Through the statistical analysis of 51 electric power listed company, this paper shows the specific industry characteristics in electric power listed company, and makes detailed study on the electric power listed company's effect, tax shield effect and corporate governance effect of debt financing, then use empirical method to prove them. The empirical results show that, for the electric power listed company with good profitability, increasing asset-liability ratio, its debt effect of financing can be improved, vice versa. The paper also shows the size and growth of company have positive correlation with debt financing, which has negative correlation with extent of stock concentration.
Compact Analytical Model of Dual Material Gate Tunneling Field-Effect Transistor Using Interband Tunneling and Channel Transport

In this paper, we have developed a 2-D analytical model for surface potential and drain current for a long channel dual material gate (DMG) silicon-on-insulator (SoI) tunneling field-effect transistor (TFET). This model includes the effect of drain voltage, gate metal work function, oxide thickness, and silicon film thickness, without assuming a fully depleted channel. The proposed model also includes the effect of charge accumulation at the interface of the two gates and the variation in the tunneling volume with the applied gate voltage. The accuracy of the model is tested using 2-D numerical simulations. In comparison with the conventional TFET, the proposed model predicts that a DMGTFET provides a higher ON-state current (ION), a better ON-state to OFF-state current (ION/IOFF) ratio, and a better subthreshold slope.
Design and development of an inexpensive aquatic swarm robotics system

Swarm robotics is a promising approach characterized by large numbers of relatively small and inexpensive robots. Since such systems typically rely on decentralized control and local communication, they exhibit a number of interesting and useful properties, namely scalability, robustness to individual faults, and flexibility. In this paper, we detail the design and development process of a swarm robotics platform composed of autonomous surface robots, which was designed in order to study the use of robotic swarms in real-world environments. Our aquatic surface robots where manufactured using digital fabrication techniques, such as 3D printing and CNC milling, and all hardware and software has been made available as open-source, thus allowing third-parties to customize and further improve our platform.
Multiphysics Finite-Element Modeling for Vibration and Acoustic Analysis of Permanent Magnet Synchronous Machine

This paper aims to describe a numerical modeling process for estimating the electromagnetic noise radiated from a permanent magnet synchronous machines. The original contributions concern the inclusion of a complete evaluation of the electromagnetic forces acting on the stator teeth, a complete 3-D structural finite-element model and a point wise approximation for acoustic calculation. Structural and acoustic responses of the targeted machine have been derived and validated using experiments. Superior precision of the proposed method has been substantiated through experiments.
Introducing serendipity in recommender systems through collaborative methods

Widely used recommendation systems are mainly accuracy-oriented since they are based on item-based ratings and useror item-based similarity measures. Such accuracy-based engines do not consider factors such as proliferation of varied user interests and the desire for changes. This results in a muted user experience that is generated from a constrained and narrow feature set. Recommender systems should therefore consider other important metrics outside of accuracy such as coverage, novelty, serendipity, unexpectedness and usefulness. The main focus of this thesis is to both incorporate serendipity into a recommendation engine and improve its quality using the widely used collaborative filtering method. Serendipity is defined as finding something good or useful while not specifically searching for it. The design of recommendation engines that considers serendipity is a relatively new and an open research problem. This is largely due to a certain degree of ambiguity in balancing the level of unexpectedness and usefulness of items. In this thesis, a new hybrid algorithm that combines a standard user-based collaborative filtering method, and item attributes has been proposed to improve the quality of serendipity over those that use item ratings alone. The algorithm was implemented using Python in conjunction with the scientific computing package NumPy. Furthermore, the code has been validated using a well-accepted and widely used open source software namely, Apache Mahout, that provides support for recommender system application development. The new method has been tested on the 100K MovieLens dataset from the GroupLens Research Center that consists of 100,000 preferences for 1,682 movies rated by 943 customers. The new algorithm is shown to be capable of identifying a significant fraction of movies that are less serendipitous but which might not have been identified otherwise, thereby improving the quality of predictions.
P-adaptive computation of the scattering parameters of 3-D microwave devices

A new error indicator is proposed to guide the p-adaptive finite-element analysis of three-dimensional microwave devices. The indicator makes use of the properties of the hierarchal elements to target directly the error in the scattering parameters of the device. The indicator is used to guide the p-adaptive analysis of three rectangular waveguide components: a U-bend, a waveguide transformer, and a multiaperture-coupled iris filter. It is shown that the new indicator is able to provide more accurate values at a lower computational cost than a previous indicator.
A new homeotic mutation in the Drosophila bithorax complex removes a boundary separating two domains of regulation.

The bithorax complex specifies the identity of parasegments 5‐14 of Drosophila. Although nine parasegment‐specific functions, abx/bx, bxd/pbx and iab‐2 to iab‐8,9 have been identified, the whole bithorax complex appears to encode only three classes of proteins, Ubx, abd‐A and Abd‐B. Many observations suggest that the parasegment‐specific functions act as positive cis‐regulatory elements of Ubx, abd‐A and Abd‐B. We report the molecular genetics of a new gain‐of‐function mutation, Fab‐7, which transforms parasegment 11 into parasegment 12. Induction of Abd‐B mutations in cis (one of which removes the Abd‐B homeobox) causes reversion of the dominant phenotype, demonstrating that Fab‐7 misregulates Abd‐B. A 4 kb deletion, 30 kb downstream from the Abd‐B transcription unit, is solely responsible for the Fab‐7 phenotype. We consider that the parasegment‐specific functions lie in DNA domains that are sequentially and independently ‘opened’ along the chromosome. Once a domain is opened, the cis‐regulatory sequences within it can carry out their function. We propose that the Fab‐7 deletion removes a boundary separating the iab‐6 and iab‐7 cis‐regulatory regions (the functions specific for parasegments 11 and 12) allowing the open configuration of iab‐6 to invade iab‐7 in parasegment 11. This is strongly supported by our finding that Fab‐7 can be caused to revert by lesions not only in iab‐7 but also in iab‐6.
Envolvimento parental no desporto: Bases conceptuais e metodológicas

O presente artigo e uma revisao a teoria e investigacao do envolvimento parental no desporto. Durante mais de 30 anos o estudo acerca da influencia parental centrou-se fundamentalmente nas consequencias dos comportamentos e atitudes dos pais sobre determinados processos psicologicos e cognitivos das criancas na pratica desportiva, tais como a ansiedade, orientacao dos objetivos de realizacao, ou autopercecoes de competencia e controlo. contudo, mais recentemente, ha tendencias para abordagens multidimensionais e ecologicas no estudo do envolvimento parental. O modelo do envolvimento parental no desporto apresenta as principais variaveis para compreender as razoes porque os pais se envolvem, quais os mecanismos utilizados durante o envolvimento, e como influenciam a realizacao desportiva da crianca e do jovem no desporto. No final sao apresentadas algumas recomendacoes para a investigacao e pratica do envolvimento parental, considerando a relacao pais-instituicoes desportivas-treinadores.
Treating osteoporosis: economic aspects of bisphosphonate therapy

Each year, fractures associated with osteoporosis place a significant burden on healthcare spending and result in unnecessary morbidity, mortality and reductions in quality of life for individual patients. Several treatments are available that can improve the course of this chronic bone disease, and lead to significant reductions in fractures. Bisphosphonates have proven efficacy, are widely available and currently recommended as the first-line of therapy for osteoporosis in many practice guidelines. In addition to demonstrating clinical benefit, from a health-policy perspective, the economic benefits regarding prevention and treatment must be established. In recent years, several health economic studies have examined the cost-effectiveness and cost-utility of bisphosphonates in various patient groups. This paper reviews a number of these studies regarding the economic benefits of treating osteoporosis with bisphosphonates and considers for whom prevention and/or treatment is most warranted.
Adaptive recognition method for 2D polygonal objects

A 2D convex polygons recognition method is proposed. The algorithm is suitable for robot vision, quality control or photogrammetry applications when the image objects to be processed have convex shapes. First, an adaptive convex polygonal vertex detection is applied. Then a polygonal fitting algorithm using as input the detected vertices and the object contour provides a precise object identification and description.
A CMOS analog adaptive BAM with on-chip learning and weight refreshing

The transconductance-mode (T-mode) approach is extended to implement analog continuous-time neural network hardware systems to include on-chip Hebbian learning and on-chip analog weight storage capability. The demonstration vehicle used is a 5+5-neuron bidirectional associative memory (BAM) prototype fabricated in a standard 2-mum double-metal double-polysilicon CMOS process. Mismatches and nonidealities in learning neural hardware are not supposed to be critical if on-chip learning is available, because they will be implicitly compensated. However, mismatches in the learning circuits themselves cannot always be compensated. This mismatch is specially important if the learning circuits use transistors operating in weak inversion. The authors estimate the expected mismatch between learning circuits in the BAM network prototype and evaluate its effect on the learning performance, using theoretical computations and Monte Carlo HSPICE simulations. These theoretical predictions are verified using experimentally measured results on the test vehicle prototype.
Evaluation of an SSVEP based Brain-Computer Interface on the command and application levels

A Brain-Computer Interface (BCI) provides the possibility to translate brain neural activity patterns into control commands for computers without user's movement. The brain activity is most commonly measured non-invasively via standard electroencephalographic (EEG) electrodes placed on the surface of the scalp. We propose the evaluation of the Bremen-BCI system based on Steady-State Visual Evoked potentials (SSVEPs), which was evaluated with 37 BCI-naive subjects, including eight handicapped persons, on the international rehabilitation fair RehaCare2008. In spite of the noisy environment during the fair, the spelling tasks were successfully completed. We propose two evaluation methods, one based on the main task to achieve and the second, on the commands that are needed to achieve the task. In the command level, the mean accuracy of the command detection is 92.84%, with an average information transfer rate of 22.6bpm (bits per minute). In the speller level, the average information transfer rate is 17.4bpm (equivalent to 3.5 letters per minute with 30 possible letters). These results highlight the differences between two evaluation methods. Differences can emerge between the raw BCI and its connection to an application.
Immunotherapy for multiple myeloma

The potential potency of the immune system in targeting malignant plasma cells in multiple myeloma is best demonstrated in the allogeneic transplant setting, where durable responses can be achieved. However, allogeneic transplantation is associated with significant morbidity and mortality related to graft versus host disease, due to the non-specific nature of allo-reactive T cell responses mediated by donor lymphocytes. Immunotherapeutic approaches that more specifically target the malignant plasma cells have the potential to improve outcomes in multiple myeloma. The development of clinically efficacious immunotherapy in multiple myeloma is dependent on achieving a greater understanding of the complex interactions between the immunologic milieu and the growth of the malignant plasma cell clone. A number of antigens have been identified on malignant plasma cells that may be targeted by both humoral and cell mediated immunotherapeutic strategies. Encouraging results have been demonstrated both pre-clinically and in clinical trials. In this review, we summarize the clinical data evaluating immunotherapeutic approaches for the treatment of multiple myeloma.
Die Bauchlage und der plötzliche Kindstod

Zusammenfassung Bevor in den sechziger Jahren des letzten Jahrhunderts die Bauchlage als Regelschlaflage bei Säuglingen empfohlen wurde, waren die Säuglinge traditionell in Rückenlage zum Schlafen gelegt worden. Diese Empfehlung ist aus heutiger Sicht als ein tragischer Irrtum in der Medizin anzusehen, der zu einem deutlichen Anstieg der Inzidenz des plötzlichen Säuglingstodes führte, wie spätere Auswertungen zeigten. Obwohl es verschiedene Warnungen vor der Bauchlage gegeben hat, wurden daraus keine Schlussfolgerungen gezogen. Eine Ausnahme bildete die ehemalige Deutsche Demokratischen Republik (DDR) – hier wurde bereits 1972 vom Ministerium für Gesundheitswesen eine Richtlinie zur Vermeidung der Bauchlage erlassen, nachdem 7 Säuglinge in Krippen gestorben waren. Im wissenschaftlichen Bereich wurde 1985 erstmals vor der Bauchlage bei Säuglingen gewarnt und diese Warnung mit Zahlen belegt. Es dauerte jedoch nahezu 10 Jahre bis sich diese Erkenntnis endgültig durchsetzte. Die Warnung vor der Bauchlage bei Säuglingen ist wahrscheinlich eine der erfolgreichsten medizinischen Maßnahmen der letzten 50 Jahre, die inzwischen allein in Deutschland Tausenden von Säuglingen das Leben gerettet hat.
THE MAYAK WORKER DOSIMETRY SYSTEM (MWDS 2013): A RE-ANALYSIS OF USTUR CASE 0269 TO DETERMINE WHETHER PLUTONIUM BINDS TO THE LUNGS

Radionuclides in ionic form can become chemically bound in the airways of the lungs following dissolution of inhaled particulates in lung fluid. The presence of long-term binding can greatly increase lung doses from inhaled plutonium, particularly if it occurs in the bronchial and bronchiolar regions. However, the only published evidence that plutonium binding occurs in humans comes from an analysis of the autopsy and bioassay data of United States Transuranium and Uranium Registries Case 0269, a plutonium worker who experienced a very high (58 kBq) acute inhalation of plutonium nitrate. This analysis suggested a bound fraction of around 8 %, inferred from an unexpectedly low ratio of estimated total thoracic lymph node activity:total lung activity, at the time of death. However, there are some limitations with this study, the most significant being that measurements of the regional distribution of plutonium activity in the lungs, which provide more direct evidence of binding, were not available when the analysis was performed. The present work describes the analysis of new data, which includes measurements of plutonium activity in the alveolar-interstitial (AI) region, bronchial (BB) and bronchiolar (bb) regions, and extra-thoracic (ET) regions, at the time of death. A Bayesian approach is used that accounts for uncertainties in model parameter values, including particle transport clearance, which were not considered in the original analysis. The results indicate that a long-term bound fraction between 0.4 and 0.7 % is required to explain this data, largely because plutonium activity is present in the extra-thoracic (ET2), bronchial and bronchiolar airways at the time of death.