Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Shaping the molecular assemblies of native and alkali-modified agars in dilute and concentrated aqueous media via microwave-assisted extraction

The use of agar-based biomaterials for the development of emerging areas, such as tissue engineering or ‘smart materials’ production has recently gained great interest. Understanding how these gel-forming polysaccharides self-organise in aqueous media and how these associations can be tuned to meet the specific needs of each application is thus of great relevance. As an extension of previous pioneering research concerning the application of the microwave-assisted extraction (MAE) technique in the recovery of native (NA) and alkali-modified (AA) agars, this article focuses on the different molecular assemblies assumed by these novel NA and AA when using different MAE routes. The molecular architectures in dilute (5, 10, 50 and 100 μg mL−1) and concentrated (1.5% (w/w)) aqueous media were imaged by AFM and cryoSEM, respectively. Relevant structural and physicochemical properties were investigated to support the microscopic data. Different extraction routes led to polysaccharides with unique properties, which in turn resulted in different molecular assemblies. Even at 5 μg mL−1, AFM images included individual fibers, cyclic segments, aggregates and local networks. At higher polymer concentrations, the structures further aggregated forming multilayer polymeric networks for AA. The more compact and denser 3D networks of AA, imaged by cryoSEM, and their higher resistance to large deformations matched the 2D-shapes observed by AFM. Depending on the nature of the AA chains, homogeneous or heterogeneous growth of assemblies was seen during network formation. The obtained results support well the view of double helix formation followed by intensive double helix association proposed for agar gelation.
Flavor Encapsulation by Spray Drying: Application to Citral and Linalyl Acetate

Leaflash spray drying technique was used to encapsulate a mixture of two volatile products, citral and linalyl acetate in the proportion of 80:20 (w/w). The support materials were gum arabic and maltodextrin in different proportions. Very short air product contact time during the drying process allowed encapsulation of these compounds using high inlet air temperature (300-400°C) without any adverse effect on chemical properties. Emulsions were atomized up to 60% total solids concentration. In this range of concentration, substitution of gum arabic by a less costly maltodextrin was possible achieving 84% volatiles retention. The technique could be efficiently used to encapsulate sensitive flavors.
Nanocrystalline CdSe formation by direct reaction between Cd ions and selenosulfate solution

We investigate the reaction between selenosulfate and (noncomplexed) Cd ions in aqueous solution to form CdSe. The resulting precipitate, which is initially white (mainly CdSO3), turns yellow and finally orange. The initial precipitate is CdSO3, which gradually reacts with selenosulfate to give CdSe. The CdSe forms as a disordered phase surrounding the CdSO3, and this largely amorphous CdSe breaks off from the CdSO3 crystals to form nanocrystals of CdSe. The color changes during the reaction, due to size quantization of the CdSe nanocrystals, were correlated with the measured CdSe crystal sizes.
Electrocrystallization of PbO2 Deposits in the Presence of Additives

The electrocrystallization of deposited on a Ti plate from a nitrate solution is strongly affected by the presence of additives in the solution, examples being sodium dodecylsulfonate, Triton‐X100, Tween‐80, dextrin, and gelatin. Results of SEM investigations show that these additives tend to diminish the crystalline morphology of the deposit. The XRD results further indicate that it is possible to codeposit by introducing the surfactant‐type additives sodium dodecylsulfonate, Triton‐X100, and Tween‐80. Stirring provided during electrodeposition tends to diminish the influence of sodium dodecysulfonate, but not that of Triton‐X100 and Tween 80. The nonsurfactant‐type additives, dextrin and gelatin, do not cause the codeposition of to any significant degree.
Snapshot spectral imaging system

Spectral imaging is the combination of spectroscopy and imaging. These fields are well developed and are used intensively in many application fields including industry and the life sciences. The classical approach to acquire hyper-spectral data is to sequentially scan a sample in space or wavelength. These acquisition methods are time consuming because only two spatial dimensions, or one spatial and the spectral dimension, can be acquired simultaneously. With a computed tomography imaging spectrometer (CTIS) it is possible to acquire two spatial dimensions and a spectral dimension during a single integration time, without scanning either spatial or spectral dimensions. This makes it possible to acquire dynamic image scenes without spatial registration of the hyperspectral data. This is advantageous compared to tunable filter based systems which need sophisticated image registration techniques. While tunable filters provide full spatial and spectral resolution, for CTIS systems there is always a tradeoff between spatial and spectral resolution as the spatial and spectral information corresponding to an image cube is squeezed onto a 2D image. The presented CTIS system uses a spectral-dispersion element to project the spectral and spatial image information onto a 2D CCD camera array. The system presented in this paper is designed for a microscopy application for the analysis of fixed specimens in pathology and cytogenetics, cell imaging and material analysis. However, the CTIS approach is not limited to microscopy applications, thus it would be possible to implement it in a hand-held device for e.g. real-time, intra-surgery tissue classification.
Serious Game pada Security Question sebagai Fallback Authentication untuk Kondisi Forgotten Password

Abstrak Lupa kata sandi adalah salah satu kondisi dimana pengguna tidak dapat mengingat kata sandi yang telah dibuatnya. Lupa kata sandi dapat disebabkan oleh berbagai faktor diantaranya usia, kemampuan mengingat, memiliki akun yang berbeda dan padatnya kegiatan. Contoh yaitu pengguna yang memiliki beberapa akun berbeda, alasannya adalah selain memiliki beberapa akun berbeda pengguna juga pasti memiliki kesibukan lain, hal ini dapat menyebabkan pengguna rentan lupa dengan kata sandi yang telah dibuatnya. Dengan permasalah tersebut penulis membuat tugas akhir yang membahas penerapan serious game pada security question sebagai fallback authentication sebagai metode yang dapat digunakan dalam kondisi lupa kata sandi dan mengadopsi game mobile gambar “4 pics 1 word” yang populer. Permainan ini dipilih karena dapat membantu daya ingat dalam menjawab security question, sehingga dapat menciptakan sistem otentikasi yang nyaman bagi pengguna. Hasil pengujian pengalaman pengguna terhadap sistem security question yang telah ada dan yang dibuat penulis menggunakan UEQ (User Experience Questionnair) kriteria hedonic quality dengan item stimulation dan novelty adalah stimulation dengan hasil 3,51279 dan novelty dengan hasil 9,34507. Dengan kedua hasil tersebut lebih besar dari nilai t tabel yaitu 2,20099 maka dapat disimpulkan bahwa security question dengan metode serious game dapat meningkatkan pengalaman pengguna ketika melakukan security question. Kata kunci : lupa kata sandi, security question, fallback authentication, serious game, UEQ Abstract Forgot password is one of the conditions where the user cannot remember the password he has created. Forgot password can be caused by various factors such as age, ability to remember, have a different account and solid activity. For example, users who have several different accounts, the reason is that in addition to having several different accounts users will also have another busyness, this can cause the user to be vulnerable to forget with the password he has created. With the problem, the author makes the final task that discusses the serious game implementation of security question as a fallback authentication as a method that can be used in the forgotten password condition and adopts the popular "4 pics 1 word" mobile game. The game is chosen because it can help the memory in answering the security question, so it can create a convenient authentication system for users. The results of the test of user experience of existing security question system and which author made using UEQ (User Experience Questionnair) criterion hedonic quality with stimulation and novelty items is stimulation with results 3.51279 and novelty with results 9.34507. With both of these results is greater than the value of the table T 2.20099 then it can be concluded that the security question with the serious methods of games can improve the user experience when performing security question. Keywords: forgot password, security question, fallback authentication, serious game, UEQ
Perbandingan Algoritma Sentencepiece Bpe Dan Unigram Pada Tokenisasi Artikel Bahasa Indonesia

Abstrak Tokenisasi merupakan sebuah konsep yang mencakup proses sederhana dimana urutan teks dipecah men- jadi bagian-bagian yang lebih kecil atau token dan kemudian dimasukkan sebagai input ke dalam model Natural language processing (NLP), atau proses model yang lebih kompleks seperti menerapkan penge- tahuan dunia Deep Learning (DL). Tokenisasi akan lebih rumit ketika berhadapan dengan kasus semua kata dikelompokkan menjadi satu token atau tanpa pemisah dan kesalahan dalam tipografi. Paper ini mengusulkan model unsupervised tokenization menggunakan subword unit tokenizer dan detokenizer rep- resentasi oleh neural network, implementasi algoritma Byte Pair Encoding (BPE) dan Unigram Language Model. Selain itu, mengeksploitasi sentencePiece, model segmentasi pada kalimat dapat dilatih tanpa spasi. Ekpsperimen menggunakan bahasa Indonesia menghasilkan akurasi 54.6% dan 87.0% untuk Byte Pair Encoding (BPE) dan Unigram Languange Model, masing-masing. Kata kunci: SentencePiece, Subword Tokenizer, Byte Pair Encoding (BPE), Unigram Language Model. Abstract Tokenization is a concept that includes a simple process where the sequence of the text is split up into sma- ller parts or tokens and then entered as input into the model of natural language processing (NLP), or more complex process models such as applying the world knowledge of Deep Learning (DL). Tokenization will be more complicated when dealing with cases where all words are grouped into a single token or without se- parators and errors in typography. This paper proposes a model unsupervised tokenization using subword tokenizer and detokenize representation by neural networks, implementation of algorithm Byte Pair Enco- ding (BPE) and Unigram Language Model. Moreover, exploiting sentencePiece, the segmentation model of sentences can be trained without spaces. Experiments using the Indonesian language resulted in 54.6% and 87.0% in accuracy for Byte Pair Encoding (BPE) and Unigram Language Model, respectively. Keywords: SentencePiece, Subword Tokenizer, Byte Pair Encoding (BPE), Unigram Language Model.
WASTE COOKING OIL – AN ECONOMICAL SOURCE FOR BIODIESEL: A REVIEW

Biodiesel (fatty acid methyl ester) is a nontoxic and biodegradable alternative fuel that is obtained from renewable sources. A major hurdle in the commercialization of biodiesel from virgin oil, in comparison to petroleum-based diesel fuel, is its cost of manufacturing, primarily the raw material cost. Used cooking oil is one of the economical sources for biodiesel production. However, the products formed during frying, such as free fatty acid and some polymerized triglycerides, can affect the transesterification reaction and the biodiesel properties. Apart from this phenomenon, the biodiesel obtained from waste cooking oil gives better engine performance and less emissions when tested on commercial diesel engines. The present paper attempts to review methods for the transesterification of waste cooking oil and the performance of biodiesel obtained from waste cooking oil in a commercial diesel engine. The paper also examines the basic chemistry involved during frying and the effects of the products formed in the frying process on biodiesel quality.
Heuristics‐oriented overtaking decision making for autonomous vehicles using reinforcement learning

: This study presents a three-lane highway overtaking strategy for an automated vehicle, which is based on a heuristic planning reinforcement learning algorithm. The proposed decision-making controller focuses on keeping the autonomous vehicle operating safely and efficiently. First, the modelling of the overtaking driving scenario is introduced and the reference approaches named intelligent driver model and minimise overall braking induced by lane changes are formulated. Second, the Dyna-H algorithm, which combines the modified Q-learning algorithm with a heuristic planning policy, is utilised for highway overtaking decision-making. Three different heuristic strategies are formulated to improve learning efficiency and compare performance. This algorithm is applied to determine the lane change and speed selection for an ego vehicle in the environment with uncertainties. Finally, the performance of Dyna-H is estimated in the autonomous overtaking scenario by comparing it with the reference and traditional learning methods. Furthermore, the Dyna-H-enabled decision-making strategies are validated and analysed in an open-sourcing driving dataset. Results prove that the proposed decision-making strategy could produce superior performance in convergence rate and control.
Fine-grained outsourced data deletion in cloud storage

Due to the separation of outsourced data management and ownership, user loses the direct control over outsourced data. Therefore, the cloud executes all of the acts (e.g., data erasure) over outsourced data. However, the dishonest cloud may keep the data maliciously. To solve this problem, a new solution is proposed in this paper, which is able to reach fine-grained data erasure. In our protocol, if some outsourced data blocks are no longer needed, the user is able to remove them flexibly, while the useful data blocks remain in the cloud. After that, the user could check the erasure outcome efficiently. If the cloud remains the data blocks dishonestly, the user can fine the data reservation. Meanwhile, we provide the scheme analysis, which is able to show the security and practicality of our scheme.
Research on Convenience Index of Urban Life Based on POI Data

The urban life convenience index is the most important evaluation standard of the livable life. The convenience of residents’daily use of public and service facilities could represent the life convenience of people’s urban life. Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) is a decision method that decomposes elements related to decision-making into levels such as objectives, criteria, and programs to perform qualitative and quantitative analysis. POI data has the advantages of high coverage of public service facilities and widely coverage of data, so it is effective to calculate the life convenience index and establish the system for assessing the convenience index of city life based on the POI data and AHP. It not only provides a practical reference for the special planning of urban public service facilities, but also explored good methods for planning applications using opened data.
Analysis of the influence of test method and properties of steel fiber addition on concrete under the three-point flexural tensile

The characterization of steel fiber reinforced concrete with dry consistency require greater inspection the account of the particularities in the process of mixing, molding and densification, thus this paper aims to propose a methodology combined of densification by manual and mechanical means and the mechanical characterization by the three-point flexural testin prismatic dry cast steel fiber-reinforced concrete specimen. In a qualitative way, the densification-combined methodology provided a smooth surface on the specimen appearance and a reduction of voids due to trapped air. In the flexural test we verified slip-softening and slip-hardening, respectively, to lower and higher reinforcement indexes and theoretical volumes. By the analysis of variance of the results and the database we found out that there was no significant statistical difference to the analyzed residual strength for the combination of the test method (RILEM), consistency (plastic), type (hooked end) and form (glued), when the comparison is made by quadruple association.
Investigation of the Servicom Delivery Crisis Confronting Distance Learning Institute Students in University of Lagos

This study examined Servicom Delivery Crisis Confronting Distance Learning Institute Students in University of Lagos. The study adopted a descriptive survey research design. The population of this study was distance learning institute students in University of Lagos. The sample population of this study is five hundred. A simple random sampling technique was used to select the respondents. The instrument used for data collection is a structured closed ended questionnaire titled ‘’SERVICOM SERVICE DELIVERY IN DLI-UNILAG’’. Findings revealed that Servicom have not play key role to address service delivery crisis in Distance Learning Institute in University of Lagos. The findings also identified five drivers of Servicom delivery in Distance learning Institute University of Lagos namely service delivery, timeliness, information, professionalism and staff attitude. It showed four guiding principles of Servicom Delivery in Distance Learning Institute University of Lagos namely affirmation of commitment to the service of the Nigerian Nation, Conviction that Nigeria can only realize its full potential if citizens receive prompt and efficient services from the states, consideration for the needs and rights of all Nigerians to enjoy social and economic advancement and finally dedication to deliver services to which citizens are entitled, timely, fairly, honestly, effectively and transparently identified grading sorting, class overcrowding, quality of teaching, quality of infrastructure, missing results, application and collection of transcripts, erratic water and electricity supplies in campus, changes in exam schedules/timetables, unfair treatment by non-academic administrative staff of DLI Unilag, examination malpractices, sex inducement for mark and monitoring compliance to service delivery standards as Servicom Delivery Crisis Confronting Distance Learning Institute Students in University of Lagos.
PREDICTION OF FEAR FACTORS BEFORE TOTAL KNEE REPLACEMENT: A MIXED METHOD ANALYSIS ON ADVANCED KNEE OSTEOARTHRITIS PATIENTS

Objective: To determine fear factors before total knee replacement in advanced knee osteoarthritis patients. Study Design: Mixed method study. Place and Duration of Study: Study was conducted at department of Orthopedics, Pakistan Ordinance Factory Hospital Wah Cantt, form May 2017 to May 2019. Methodology: A sample of 105 knees was calculated using WHO calculator. Patients of Knee osteoarthritis were selected with consecutive sampling. Interviews were taken from patients for determining fear factors related to total knee replacement. SPSS version 24 was used for analysis. Results: Total 105 knees of osteoarthritis were included in study. There were 51 (48.6%) male and 54 (51.4%) female in study. Mean age of patients was 59.8 ± 4.1 SD years. Most common fear factor according to patients priority for total knee replacement therapy was worsening of symptoms after total knee replacement 42 (40%) followed by pain persistence after total knee replacement 27 (25.7%), financial feasibility 21 (20%), and religious problems 15 (14.3%). Patients with osteoarthritis grading 4 had high pain scores, high stiffness scores and lower social function scores (p=0.000, p=0.000, p=0.001 respectively) on Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index scale. Conclusion: Total knee replacement therapy in advanced knee osteoarthritis is associated with several fear factors. Most common fear factor is worsening of symptoms after total knee replacement followed by pain persistence. Total knee replacement efficacy related counseling and community based awareness programs could be helpful in overcoming these fears and stigmas in Pakistan.
Incentivized Comment Detection with Sentiment Analysis on Online Hotel Reviews

With the enormous platforms available in present days, consumers communicate and interconnect online with web users all around the world to share their experiences. Thus, online platform has become a major source of reviews about different entities. People presently travel frequently around the world for different purposes. Seeking good hotels for accommodation is a prime concern. Customer reviews on hotels help future customers to take decisions about their accommodation as well as help hotel owners to rethink about designing customer facilities. However, many online reviews are biased due to different factors. Many hotel owners come up with attractions like referral rewards, coupons, bonus points etc. to the reviewers to motivate them in writing biased reviews. We have worked on US’s 100 hotel and found 952 incentivized reviews out of 19175 reviews, which is 4.96% of total reviews. A categorization on incentivized reviews is performed as well. Furthermore, hotels are distinguished based on real and incentivized reviews found on them. Results are verified using machine learning algorithms. Random Forest, K-Nearest Neighbor and Support Vector Machine are applied as machine learning algorithms to validate the accuracy of our model and their prediction results are compared. Random Forest outperforms with 94.4% prediction accuracy.
Effect of polymorphic transition on oxygen isotope fractionation between aragonite, calcite, and water: A low-temperature experimental study

Abstract The polymorphic transition from aragonite to calcite is a common phenomenon in nature and laboratory experiment, but its effect on O-isotope fractionation between secondary calcite and water is not known. Low-temperature synthesis experiments were carried out in this study to decipher the behavior of O-isotope fractionation between CaCO3 and H2O during this process. The initial aragonite was synthesized by one- and two-step overgrowth techniques at 50 and 70 °C, respectively, with a difference in the duration of O-isotope exchange between dissolved carbonate and water prior to initial aragonite precipitation. Calcite was then synthesized by in situ polymorphic transition from the precursor aragonite in aqueous solution at the same temperatures. SEM observations show that the phase transition from aragonite to calcite proceeded in the mechanism of dissolution-reprecipitation. Although different approaches were employed to synthesize the starting aragonites, O-isotope analyses of product calcite and coexisting water unanimously yield consistent calcite-water fractionations relative to temperature. This finding demonstrates that calcite derived from polymorphic transition of aragonite can readily achieve O-isotope equilibrium with water regardless of its precursor composition. In particular, not only is the calcite-water fractionation relationship obtained in this study at 50 to 70 °C in agreement with that extrapolated from the literature data by slow precipitation experiments at 0 to 40 °C, but also the experimental calcite-water fractionations available at 25 to 70 °C are in close agreement with theoretically calculated fractionations. These results indicate that O-isotope equilibrium between calcite and water may prevail in calcite formed by the mechanism of dissolution-reprecipitation in aqueous solution despite different reaction paths.