Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
DERIVATIVES OF THE RATIO SPECTRA FOR DETERMINATION OF ACETYLSALICYLIC ACID, ACETAMINOPHEN, AND CAFFEINE IN FIXED-DOSE COMBINATION FORMULATIONS: APPLICATION TO DISSOLUTION STUDIES

Objective: To develop a ratio-derivative spectrophotometric method for the simultaneous quantification of acetilsalycilic acid (ASA), acetaminophen (ACE), and caffeine (CAF) in fixed-dose combination formulations. The proposed method was applied to the reference drug product Excedrin® in dissolution studies. Methods: The method is based on the use of the first-and second-derivatives of the ratio spectra and measurements at zero-crossing wavelengths. The dissolution profiles of ASA, ACE, and CAF were obtained following pharmacopeial conditions, USP Apparatus 2 at 100 rpm and 900 ml of water. Dissolution samples were treated with the proposed UV-derivative method and the results were compared with those obtained with a validated HPLC procedure. The dissolution efficiency was used to compare dissolution profiles (HPLC vs. UV-derivative method). Results: The method was linear in the range of 5-25 µg/ml of ASA, 2.5-20 µg/ml of ACE, and 1-8 µg/ml of CAF (R2>0.999, *P<0.05). The precision and accuracy of synthetic mixtures were within acceptable criteria (2.11-3.43% and 96.78-104.15%, respectively). Nitrocellulose filters were the best option to filter samples and stability of all drugs was adequate when standard solutions were stored at 4 °C during 24 h. No significant differences were found between dissolution profiles (*P>0.05). Conclusion: The proposed UV-derivative method allows the simultaneous determination of ASA, ACE, and CAF in commercial formulations. The method is simple, accurate, and precise and can be used in dissolution studies. Spectrophotometric methods are of low cost and harmless to the environment and, therefore, a better alternative than chromatographic methods.
Fundamentals of Nuclear Science and Engineering

FUNDAMENTAL CONCEPTS Modern Units The Atom Chart of Nuclides MODERN PHYSICS CONCEPTS The Special Theory of Relativity Radiation as Waves and Particles Quantum Mechanics Derivation of Some Special Relativity Results Solutions to Schrodinger's Wave Equation ATOMIC/NUCLEAR MODELS Development of the Modern Atom Model Models of the Nucleus NUCLEAR ENERGETICS Binding Energy Nucleon Separation Energy Nuclear Reactions Examples of Binary Nuclear Reactions Q-Value for a Reaction Conservation of Charge and the Calculation of Q-values Q-Value for reactions Producing Excited Nuclei RADIOACTIVITY Overview Types of Radioactive Decay Radioactive Decay Diagrams Energetics of Radioactive Decay Characteristics of Radioactive Decay Decay Dynamics Naturally Occurring Radionuclides Radiodating Radioactive Decay Data BINARY NUCLEAR REACTIONS Types of Binary Reactions Kinematics of Binary Two-Product Nuclear Reactions Reaction Threshold Energy Applications of Binary Kinematics Reactions Involving Neutrons Characteristics of the Fission Reaction Fusion Reactions RADIATION INTERACTIONS WITH MATTER Attenuation of Neutral Particle Beams Calculation of radiation Interaction Rates Photon Interactions Neutron Interactions Attenuation of Charged Particles DETECTION AND MEASUREMENT OF RADIATION Gas-Filled Detectors Scintillation Detectors Semiconductor Detectors Personal Dosimeters Other Interesting Detectors Measurement Theory Detection Equipment RADIATION DOSES AND HAZARD ASSESSMENT Historical Roots Dosimetric Quantities Natural Exposures for Humans Health Effects from Large Acute Doses Hereditary Effects Cancer Risks from Radiation Exposures Radon and Lung Cancer Risks Radiation Protection Standards PRINCIPLES OF NUCLEAR REACTORS Neutron Moderation Thermal-Neutron Properties of Fuels The Neutron Life Cycle in Thermal Reactor Homogeneous and Heterogeneous Cores Reflectors Reactor Kinetics Reactivity Feedback Fission Product Poisons The Diffusion Equation Kinetic Model with Delayed Neutrons Solution for a Step Reactivity Insertion NUCLEAR POWER Nuclear Electric Power Generation II Pressurized Water Reactors Generation II Boiling Water Reactors Generation III Nuclear Reactor Designs Generation IV Nuclear Reactor Designs The Nuclear Fuel Cycle Nuclear Propulsion FUSION REACTORS AND OTHER CONVERSION DEVICES Fusion Reactors Magnetically Confined Fusion (MCF) Inertial Confinement Fusion (ICF) Thermoelectric Generators Thermionic Electrical Generators AMTEC Conversion Stirling Convertors Direct Conversion of Nuclear Radiation Radioisotopes for Thermal Power Sources Space Reactors NUCLEAR TECHNOLOGY IN INDUSTRY AND RESEARCH Production of Radioisotopes Industrial and Research Uses of Radioisotopes and Radiation Tracer Applications Materials Affect Radiation Radiation Affects Materials Particle Accelerators MEDICAL APPLICATIONS OF NUCLEAR TECHNOLOGY Diagnostic Imaging Radioimmunoassay Diagnostic Radiotracers Radioimmunoscintigraphy Radiation Therapy APPENDICES Fundamental Atomic Data Atomic Mass Table Cross Sections and Related Data Decay Characteristics of Selected Radionuclides
Stroke survivors’ experiences of upper limb recovery: a systematic review of qualitative studies

Abstract Background Many stroke survivors do not regain full function of their upper limb, which can have a devastating effect for participation in daily activities. Objectives This research aimed to systematically review stroke survivors’ lived experiences of upper limb recovery. Our objectives explored stroke survivors’ barriers and facilitators to recovery and the clinical implications for health professionals. Methods We searched the databases of MEDLINE, EMCARE, CINAHL, Scopus, and Web of Science using keywords and synonyms of ‘stroke survivors’, ‘upper limb’, ‘recovery’, and ‘perspectives’. Studies were appraised using the Critical Appraisal Skills Programme (CASP) Qualitative checklist. Data were analyzed descriptively and analytically using a thematic synthesis approach. We graded the emerging descriptive themes using the Confidence in the Evidence from Reviews of Qualitative Research (GRADE-CERQual). A protocol was registered apriori in PROSPERO (ID:181379). Results Eleven studies were included for review. Nine descriptive themes and three analytical themes emerged from the data that influenced upper limb recovery: 1) psychological wellbeing, 2) rehabilitation, and 3) relationships. Conclusions Barriers to upper limb recovery included health professionals’ attitudes particularly towards a lack of inclusivity in goal setting. In addition, stroke survivors perceived therapists focused on upper limb compensation rather than functional recovery, which was disempowering. Facilitators that enhanced recovery included the stroke survivors’ personal attitudes (psychological well-being) and external supports from family, friends, health professionals, and stroke survivor peers. Such supports enhanced the stroke survivors’ journey towards acceptance and adapting to their ‘new normal’ thus building confidence and self-efficacy to re-establish identity.
Effects of Cooperative Learning Model on Early Adolescents’ Social and Affective Learning Outcomes in Physical Education

The study examined the effect of two different teaching strategies on social skills, physical self-esteem, and physical self-concept, in a sample of Italian Early Adolescents. One hundred and twenty-eight students (M = 62; F = 66), from 11 to 14 years old (M = 12.01, SD = 0.50), attending their Physical Education classes, were involved. Participants were divided into an intervention group (n = 60) and a control group (n = 68). The intervention group was engaged in PE lessons based on the Cooperative Learning model with a focus on positive interdependence between group mates and interpersonal skills in completing shared tasks, while the control group participated in PE lessons conducted through competitive games, individual drills and repetition of exercises as a means of perfecting skills and procedures. In both groups, social skills, physical self-concept, and physical self-efficacy were measured before and after the intervention. The intervention had a significant positive impact on perceived sports competence in boys, but no effect in girls. Related to the duration of the study, other positive effects in boys were higher levels of physical self-efficacy and lower levels of environmental pressure and tendency to psycho-somatization, while in girls lower levels in external locus of control were observed. Implications for physical education programs and physical self-research were discussed.
Molecular beam optical Stark spectroscopy of MoN

The rotationally resolved spectrum of the (000–000) B 2A‘–X 2A’ band system [T000–000=15 859.4638(15) cm−1] of a supersonic molecular beam sample of calcium monohydrosulfide, CaSH, was recorded in the presence of a variable static electric field. The magnitude of the a‐principal axis component of the permanent electric dipole moment, ‖μa‖, was determined to be 5.36(4) and 3.78(7) D for the X 2A’ and B 2A‘ states, respectively. An analysis of the field free spectra produced values for the (000) B 2A‘ vibronic state fine structure parameters of (in cm−1); A’=10.433 56(16), B’=0.143 43(15), C’=0.141 14(15), eaa=−5.779 3(19), ebb=0.107 67(88), and ecc=0.032 70(83). An interpretation of the parameters is presented.
Theoretical calculation of vibronic levels of C2H and C2D to 10 000 cm−1

The rovibronic levels for the X 2Σ+,A 2Π electronic system of C2H, C2D and all 13C substituted isotopomers are calculated using a recently developed variational method [Carter et al., Mol. Phys. 98, 1967 (2000)] and high level ab initio diabatic potential energy surfaces. Energies, rotational constants and spin–orbit splittings of all levels of Σ, Π, Δ, Φ symmetry are reported up to 6400 cm−1 for C2H and up to 5500 cm−1 for C2D. Computed energies of Σ, Π levels up to 10 000 cm−1 are also reported for all 13C substituted isotopomers. Experimental data are reviewed in the light of the present results.
Mycobacterium Tuberculosis (M-TB) - Human Sputum Interaction Mechanisms Energetics

The energetics of mycobacterium tuberculosis - human sputum interaction mechanisms have been studied. This involved the use of the Hamaker coefficient approach as a surface thermodynamics tool in determining the interaction processes. The surface interfacial energy is explained using van der Waals concept of particle interactions on separation of particulates suspended in a liquid. The methodology employed involved taking sputum samples from twenty infected persons and from twenty uninfected persons for absorbance measurement using a digital Ultraviolet visible Spectrophotometer. The variables required for the computations with the Lifshitz formula were derived from the absorbance data. Matlab software tools were used in the mathematical analysis of the data produced from the absorbance values. The Hamaker constants A11, A22, A33 and the combined Hamaker coefficients A132 and A131 were obtained using the values of the dielectric constant together with the Lifshitz equation. The free energies of adhesion calculated were found to be negative with combined Hamaker coefficient positive. The values of A132abs = 0. 21631x10-21 Joule (for M-TB infected sputum) and A132abs = 0.18825x10 -21 joule (for M-TB/HIV infected sputum) were obtained. The implication of this result is the positive value of the absolute combined Hamaker coefficient which entails net positive van der Waals forces demonstrating an attraction between M-TB and the macrophage. This however, implies that infection is very likely to occur. The desired outcome is that the bacteria do not adhere to the macrophage to avoid bacteria penetrating it, in which case a condition for rendering free energy of adhesion positive and combined Hamaker coefficient negative is required.
Analysis of Factors Associated with the Healing Status of Pulmonary Tuberculosis Patients at Puskesmas Perumnas 1 Pontianak in 2018

Factors Related to the Healing Status of Patients with Pulmonary Tuberculosis in Puskesmas Perumnas 1 Pontianak 2018. Tuberculosis (TB) is an infectious disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis that is still a global health problem. The healing of patients from TB is important to note because it can harm public health such as providing opportunities for TB disease transmission to family members and the surrounding community, thereby increasing the spread of disease and deaths due to TB. The recovery of TB patients is influenced by several factors such as age, sex, level of education, knowledge, level of income, access to health services, the role of PMO and treatment compliance. This study aims to determine the factors associated with the healing status of TB sufferers. This type of research is analytic descriptive with a cross-sectional design. The instruments used were questionnaires and patient medical records. Data were obtained by interviewing 106 pulmonary TB patients at their home who had been treated with category 1 treatment for 6 months in Perumnas 1 Health Center in Pontianak City. The results of Chi-square test showed that gender (p=0.005), level of education (p=0.002), knowledge (p=0.008), the role of PMO (p=0.001) and medication adherence (p=0.000) are related to the healing status of TB sufferers, while age (p=0.320), income level (p=0.728) and access to health services (p=0.141) are not related to the healing status of TB sufferers. Counseling about factors related to TB recovery is expected to increase the cure rate of TB patients.
Comparing the Incidence of Episiotomy Site Infection in Two Groups of Primiparas with and without Taking Prophylactic Antibiotics After Normal Vaginal Delivery Referred to Bent Al-Huda Hospital in Bojnourd

1. PhD Student, Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, North Khorasan University of Medical Sciences, Bojnurd, Iran 2. MD, North Khorasan University of Medical Sciences, Bojnurd, Iran 3. Obstetrician, Maternal Fetal and Neonatal Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran 4. Obstetrician, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, North Khorasan University of Medical Sciences, Bojnurd, Iran
Respiratory And Cardiac Motion‐Induced B0 Fluctuations In The Breast: Implications For PRFS‐based Temperature Monitoring

Proton resonance frequency shift based temperature mapping in the breast is hindered by local magnetic field inhomogeneities. We quantified field disturbances caused by regular respiration, maximum capacity respiration and cardiac motion at 3T and found disturbances of 0.2, 0.3 and 0.02 ppm respectively.
ENDOCRINOPATHIES IN HIV INFECTED PATIENTS

Introduction: Hormonal abnormality is one of many clinical manifestations of HIV infections that is not well understood. However, the consequences could affect quality of life and are potentially treatable. Thus, this study aimed to determine the prevalence and associated factors of thyroid, adrenal and gonadal dysfunctions among HIV-infected patients. Methods: This is a single centre cross-sectional study involving 150 HIV-infected patients attending the HIV clinic. Each subject was required to answer specific symptoms questionnaire and their medical records were reviewed for relevant clinical and biochemical data. Blood for was collected and thyroid hormones, cortisol, ACTH, FSH, LH, testosterone and estradiol were analysed using electrochemiluminescent immunoassay. Thyroid, adrenal and gonadal axes abnormalities were identified. Results: Hypogonadism had the highest prevalence amongst the endocrine abnormalities, which was detected in 23 patients (15.3%), followed by thyroid dysfunction in 18 patients (12%) and hypocortisolism in 2 patients (1.3%). There was significant correlation between CD4 count, BMI and age with the hormone levels. Conclusion: Prevalence of endocrine abnormalities was low in these well-treated HIV-positive patients, with hypogonadism being the most common. However, significant correlations between CD4 count, age and BMI with the hormonal levels were detected. Clinical symptoms in relation to endocrinopathy are not specific as a screening tool thus underscoring the need for biochemical tests to identify these treatable conditions.
Robust spatial information based tumour detection for brain MR images

Multimodal brain MR image analysis is still a challenging research area due to its complex intensity distribution and sensitivity towards the noise. Tumourous cells have different characteristics than normal human cells, which makes them more salient. In this Letter, the authors propose a novel unsupervised spatial information based saliency boosting tumour detection method which will help to identify tumourous cells by making it more clearly visible. Initially, a pseudo-coloured MR image is formed using the CIELab colour space. Saliency map has been established by calculating distance among scales varying elliptical windows in both spatial and colour space. Elliptical windows endeavour to cover-up curved outliers of the brain images. The average intensity value is kept constant by ﬁ xing the axis ratio for each window. The proposed algorithm has been evaluated on both real and simulated brain images of different patients from MICCAI-BRATS database. The performance analysis of the new algorithm exhibits higher accuracy with a low computational complexity as compared to other state of the art. The ef ﬁ cacy is due to the immobility of the window across rows and columns to move over the image. The novelty of the proposed technique is that neither it downscales the input images nor require any training bases.
THE EFFECT OF FAMILY LIVING ARRANGEMENT ON DELAYED SEXUAL DEBUT AMONG FEMALE TEENAGERS IN INDONESIA

Delaying sexual debut is essential to prevent female teenagers from early sexual activity that can expose them to the risks of unintended pregnancy, unsafe abortion, and sexually transmitted infections, including HIV. Family structure has a critical role in shaping adolescentsâ€™ sexual behaviors. However, this issue remains poorly understood in Indonesia. The study aims to assess the association between family living arrangement and delayed sexual debut among Indonesian female youth. The study analyzed data of unmarried Indonesian adolescents age 19-24 from Indonesia Demographic and Health Survey (DHS) 2017, using descriptive statistics and multivariate logistic regression. After controlling for sex of household head, educational status and knowledge of HIV/AIDS, female teenagers who lived with both parents were more likely to postpone sexual intercourse; however, this effect was not statistically significant. The family living arrangement has important consequences in terms of sexual development among female teenagers. Interventions on strengthening supportive atmosphere within the family and improving parent-adolescent relationships are critical in reducing teenagers' vulnerability to sexual risk-taking behaviors.
Knowledge Transfer Across Types of Assignments: Case study of an International Oil Company

The principal objective of this paper is to explore how using different sorts of international assignments (short-term expatriation, long-term expatriation, short-term inpatriation) enable the headquarters (HQ) and ancillary branches to transfer an assortment of knowledge types (procedural, declarative, axiomatic, and relational knowledge) from the HQ to their ancillaries, through the period of assignment. The current study used a qualitative approach based on the data collection strategy of semi-structured interviews with 20 partakers with standings of international assignment (IA). The content analysis methodology was managed to analyze and codify the interviews. The findings reveal that every single kind of assignment acts as a special knowledge transfer situation. The principal benefaction of our study is that it delivered a more precise understanding of international assignments as knowledge transfer situations than any research in precedence. While the contributions of this study have been salient, certain limitations pave the way for extensive research possibilities. To begin with, this paper lays emphasis on a large organisation in the Oil and Gas sector in three countries, UK (the HQ), Oman and UAE, which limits generalization of the findings. The paper reviews the implications of selecting IA to transfer the various types of knowledge. We achieve this by distinguishing the knowledge convey role of international assignments across different types of assignments, types of knowledge, and the direction and timing of knowledge transfer through or following the international assignment. First this paper is necessary to analyze the success of knowledge transfer and IA and ascertain their application. To the best of our knowledge, this research one of the rare studies that include the engineer’s perspective in the global Oil and Gas sector. This umbrella approach aids in better understanding IA and knowledge transfer.
Nesne-Yönelimli eylem tahmini gelişimi için hesaplamalı model

Deneysel psikoloji alanindaki son calismalar, baskalarinin eylem sonuclarini tahmin edebilme yeteneginin gelisimi ile ayni eylemi gerceklestirebilecek motor becerilerin gelisimi arasinda dogrudan bir baglanti oldugunu gostermistir. Bebekler dogum sonrasi ilk yil icerisinde cevreleriyle etkilesime gecerler ve bu etkilesimleri sonucu bazi beceriler ve yetenekler kazanirlar. Ayni zamanda bu surec icerisinde cevrelerindeki baska insanlarla da etkilesime gecip baskalarinin eylem amaclari hakkinda fikir sahibi olurlar. Bu calisma, masa ustu nesnelere yonelik kavrama ve itme eylemlerinin sonuc tahminlerinin gelisimsel surecini inceleyebilmek adina hesaplamali bir model onermektedir. Bu baglamda belirli nesnelere dogru yorungeler olusturulmus ve bir veri kumesinden alinan el resimlerinin de yardimiyla kavrama ve itme eylemlerinin hedefindeki nesneler yorunge tahminiyle saptanmaya calisilmistir. Kavrama ve itme eylemlerine yonelik gelisimsel surec dort evrede analiz edilmistir. Sonuclar, ortaya koyulan hesaplamali modelin eylem taninirligi ile eylem sonuc tahmin yetenegi arasinda dogrudan bir iliski kurabildigini ve kavrama eylemine ait tahmin yeteneginin daha erken gelistigini gostermektedir.
AKRUAL: Jurnal Akuntansi

This study aims to examine the role of managerial in firm decisions. This study recognizes that managerial plays an important role in corporate decision making. Decisions carried out by the company are not only influenced by the manager's explicit mandate to maximize firm value, but also by the manager's ability to manage the company. In previous research it was found that highability and low-ability managers have opposite effects on firm behavior and firm value. Highability managers accept risk-taking whereas low-ability managers refrain from taking risks. Managerial Ability in this study was measured using DEA (Data Envelopment Analysis) while for firm risk-taking behavior using the return on assets (ROA), return on equity (ROE), and research and development costs to total assets (R&D). The model used in this study is a causality model or the relationship of influence between research variables. The proposed model is analyzed using the Structural Equation Model (SEM) causality technique. This research was conducted on manufacturing companies listed on IDX (Indonesian Stock Exchange) in 2013-2017. However, unlike previous studies, the results of this study indicate that highly capable managers play a role in minimizing corporate risk taking. This research contributes as a reference for Indonesian corporate investors and also regulators as a reflection of the effectiveness of regulations made in Indonesia.