Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Effects of dietary hydrated aluminosilicates on growth performance and blood parameters of pigs

The aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of the hydrated aluminosilicate on physiological and biochemical homeostasis of pigs. Sixty crossbred (Landrace x Yorkshire) pigs of both sexes were used to investigate the effects of the dietary inclusion of Antitoxic Nutrient (ATN), mixture of aluminosilicates (zeolites and clays) and activated charcoal, on growth performance and serum biochemical parameters. Pigs of an average BW of 14.5 kg were allotted to two experimental groups: a control group and ATN group fed with dietary inclusion of 5 g kg -1 diet of ATN. Feed and water were provided ad libitum. During the 155 day period changes in daily weight gain of the animals, feed conversion ratio and certain blood biochemical parameters on the days 45, 90 and 135 were examined. During the first 45 days of experiment pigs from ATN group had lower growth rate compared with control it being significantly higher on the finishing phase of growing. Disbalance in serum amino transferase activities (ALT and AST) and significantly lower concentration of total protein were observed on day 135in ATN group of pigs. Potassium concentration in blood serum of pigs supplemented with ATN was significantly lower during the whole experiment and increased level of magnesium, calcium and chlorides were recorded on the day 45. All measured biochemical parameters were generally within the reference range for pigs dring the whole experimental period. The results suggest that oral supplementation of ATN improves growth performance in pigs in finishing phases of breeding and does not disturb normal metabolic pathways of animals.
INTEGRATION AND COMMUNICATION OF CSR PRINCIPLES BY IKEA. AN ANALYSIS OF THE INFLUENCE OF AND ON EXTERNAL STAKEHOLDERS

In spite of the rising influence of NGOs, the impact of CSR implementation and communication on NGOs’ perceptions and attitudes is rarely evoked. Moreover, empirical studies generally take into account one category of stakeholder at a time, preventing analysts from examining the likely differential impacts of CSR on distinct categories of stakeholders. In this context, this paper proposes (1) to analyze how different external and ubiquitous stakeholders can influence the development of CSR commitments and (2) to assess the impact of CSR commitments and communications on those stakeholders, by using an integrative framework aimed at providing an integrated stakeholder orientation for a step by step implementation of CSR (Maignan et al., 2005). Our analyses are based on an in-depth case study of IKEA and its main stakeholders: trade unions, customers, partner NGOs, organizations having blamed IKEA on CSR matters, local public authorities, organizations protecting small businesses, and specialized organizations dedicated to consultancy, promotion, and monitoring of CSR practices. Because of its continuous pressure on price and sub-contractors from developing countries, IKEA stands in a good position to run up against the sensitivity of alter globalization protesters. But in the same time, IKEA is seldom blamed on its CSR practices. Our results show how stakeholders can influence the development of CSR policies by conveying their societal expectations, by publicly blaming corporate behaviours considered as irresponsible or by entering in a collaborative and constructive relationship with the company. This case study also highlights the complexity of the corporate decisions related to CSR practices and communication, as well as the central role played by scepticism in the construction of CSRbased attitudes towards the company. By not involving stakeholders enough, IKEA’s CSR policy is gauged as too unilateral, what leads to a certain stakeholders’ scepticism about IKEA’s CSR practices. And IKEA is criticized for adopting a low profile in terms of CSR communication.
Fast face routing protocol for shorter delay guaranteed delivery in manet

FACE-2 is a location-based ad-hoc routing protocol with guaranteed delivery of data messages. Each intermediate wireless node requires not global topology information of an ad-hoc network but location information of only their neighbor and the destination wireless nodes to forward data messages. However, since the data messages tend to detour, their end-to-end transmission delay gets longer. In order for shorter delay transmissions, this paper proposes FastFACE in which copies of data messages are transmitted along edges of faces in both directions. It is expected for Fast-FACE to achieve shorter and stable end-to-end transmission delay than FACE-2. It also guarantees that all the copies of data messages not reaching the destination wireless node surely discarded. The preliminary simulation experiments show that copies of data messages cause longer transmission delay due to contentions. This paper also discusses improved implementation to solve this problem.
Numerical solution of unsteady flow on airfoils with local membrane in transient and laminar flows

Article history: Received 05 December 2015 Received in revised form 19 January 2016 Accepted 11 Feburary 2016 Available online 01 March 2016 Unsteady flow separation on the airfoils with local flexible membrane (LFM) has been investigated in transient and laminar flows by the finite volume element method. A unique feature of the present method compared with the common computational fluid dynamic softwares, especially ANSYS CFX, is the modification using the physical influence scheme in convection fluxes at cell surfaces. In contrary to the common softwares which use mathematical methods for discretization, this method considers the physical effects on approximation and discretization and thus increases the accuracy of solution and decreases the diffusion errors significantly. We have focused on the effects of deformation of the membrane on aerodynamic characteristics. For this purpose, first, we have solved the flow on NACA0012 airfoil in Reynolds number of 5000 and investigated the effects of local flexible membrane on aerodynamic coefficients in laminar flow. Then, we have solved the flow over LH37 airfoil in Reynolds number of 1.1×106 and studied the effects of flexible membrane on aerodynamic characteristics in transient flow. To calculate the Reynolds stress in turbulence equations, transient − model has been used. According to the results, airfoil with local flexible membrane prevents flow separation, eliminates laminar separation bubble (LSB) and delays the stall. ©2016 Iranian Society of Acoustics and Vibration, All rights reserved
Funeral Homes and Slaughterhouses: Contributions of Emerging Contaminants to Municipal Wastewaters

Attention to emerging contaminants due to their appearance in receiving waterbodies has resulted in efforts to identify contributions from alternative sources, including those contributed from funeral homes and slaughterhouses. This paper describes results of a monitoring program to characterize the source magnitudes of emerging contaminants into municipal wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs), specifically from two funeral homes in two different cities, and a slaughterhouse, to identify source magnitudes of the selected beta-blockers, antidepressants, antibiotic, estrogens, acidic pharmaceuticals and basic/neutral pharmaceuticals in WWTPs. Acetaminophen, caffeine, ciprofloxacin and ibuprofen were detected in all the samples from funeral homes and slaughterhouse while 17a-ethinyl estradiol (EE2), citalopram, gemfibrizol, sulfamethoxazole, sulfapyridine, and venlafaxine were detected in samples at more than 50% frequency. There were differences in compounds detected 100% of time between funeral home-A and funeral home-B. In slaughterhouses, acetaminophen, atenolol, bisphenol A, caffeine, ciprofloxacin, citalopram, gemfibrizol and ibuprofen were detected in all the samples. When the contributions from funeral homes and slaughterhouse are compared to the total loading for each compound at the WWTPs, it was determined that funeral homes and the slaughterhouse contributed <3.5% of the mass loading. The loading percentages for all five groups for funeral homes-A and B and the slaughterhouse (were 0.14%, 0.70%, 3.2%, respectively, where the major contributions were from acetaminophen and sulfamethoxazole. The substantial presence of acidic and basic/neutral pharmaceuticals, especially acetaminophen from both funeral home-B and the slaughterhouse, and natural estrogens and industrial estrogens specially Estrone and Nonylphenol in the slaughterhouse are noted due to their major contributions towards the total load.
Validation of turbulence models in the computer code FLUTAN for a free hot sodium jet in different buoyancy flow regimes

The large diffusivity for heat and the small one for momentum in general hinder to use the Reynolds analogy to model turbulent heat transfer in liquid metal flows. Nevertheless, most code applications for technical flows are using a turbulent Prandtl number concept for calculating the turbulent heat transfer for any fluid. More adequate for fluids with strongly different diffusivities is to use a full second order modeling. Here, we apply the Turbulence Model For Buoyant Flows (TMBF) and a standard k-e-σ t model to recalculate the TEFLU experiments with a free hot sodium jet in several buoyancy regimes. The TMBF is a combination of a standard k-e model for the turbulent momentum transfer and a full second order modeling for the turbulent heat fluxes. The numerical results show that the k-e-σ t model requires flow dependent local adaptations of the turbulent Prandtl number σ t for accurate predictions of temperature distributions. In contrast, the TMBF, which has special model extensions for liquid metal flows, achieves widely acceptable results. Possibilities for required further model improvements are discussed.
A bibliometric analysis of engine modeling research from 2001 to 2016

The growth and development of research productivity concerning engine modeling in terms of publication output as reflected in Science Citation Index Expanded, Social Science Citation Index, Arts and Humanities Citation Index and Emerging Sources Citation Index. Index are analyzed for the period of 2001-2016 using HistCite to know global publication share, rank, h-index, output of top journals and high-frequency words in this field. The citation chronological chart and main development path are demonstrated by HistCite software to understand the basic situation and summarize the research status in the field of engine modeling.
Selection of Test Systems for Estimation of Anti-aggregation Activity of Molecular Chaperones

Searching the agents that are capable of effectively suppressing protein aggregation and elaboration of the corresponding test systems are among the most important problems of modern biochemistry and analytical biochemistry [1-7]. To characterize the anti-aggregation activity of different agents including chaperones of protein nature and low-molecular-weight chemical chaperones, test systems where the initial state of a target protein is the native protein that undergoes unfolding and subsequent aggregation under the action of different factors are mostly used. Unfolding of the target protein can be caused by heating at elevated temperatures. For several proteins the unfolding process can be initiated by the cleavage of S-S bonds in the protein molecule. Dithiothreitol (DTT)-induced aggregation was demonstrated, for example, for α-lactalbumin, insulin, lysozyme and bovine serum albumin (BSA).
Propuesta de transcripción para la africada palatal sonora del español

La africada palatal sonora del espanol constituye un segmento controvertido por cuanto los autores discrepan acerca de su naturaleza. En este articulo se pretende analizar sus caracteristicas foneticas acusticas y articulatorias y compararlas con las caracteristicas foneticas acusticas de algunas africadas sonoras palatales del hungaro y prepalatales del catalan para establecer sus rasgos foneticos definitorios. A partir de los datos obtenidos se propone una reformulacion de su definicion y una transcripcion mas acorde con los datos: se trata, pues, de una articulacion doble con punto de articulacion plenamente palatal cuyo segundo elemento es aproximante; por tanto, su transcripcion mas adecuada es [l∂].
Assessment Techniques of Heavy Metal Bioavailability in Soil - A critical Review.

The concept of metal bioavailability, rather than total metal in soils, is increasingly becoming important for a thorough understanding of risk assessment and remediation. This is because bioavailable metals generally represented by the labile or soluble metal components existing as either free ions or soluble complexed ions are likely to be accessible to receptor organismsrather than heavy metals tightly bound on soil surface. Consequently, many researchers have investigated the bioavailability of metals in both soil and solution phases together with the key soil properties influencing bioavailability. In order to study bioavailability changes various techniques have been developed including chemical based extraction (weak salt solution extraction, chelate extraction, etc.) and speciation of metals using devices such as ion selective electrode (ISE) and diffusive gradient in the thin film (DGT). Changes in soil metal bioavailability typically occur through adsorption/desorption reactions of metal ions exchanged between soil solution and soil binding sites in response to changes in environment factors such as soil pH, organic matter (OM), dissolved organic carbon (DOC), low-molecular weight organic acids (LMWOAs), and index cations. Increasesin soil pH result in decreases in metal bioavailability through adsorption of metal ions on deprotonated binding sites. Organic matter may also decrease metal bioavailability by providing more negatively charged binding sites, and metal bioavailability can also be decreases as concentrations of DOC and LMWOAs increase as these both form strong chelate complexeswith metal ions in soil solution. The interaction of metal ions with these soil properties also varies depending on the soil and metal type.
Mating system and sexual conflict in the blue-black grassquit (volatinia jacarina, aves: emberizidae): extra-pair mating

Aqui revisamos varios estudos sobre o tiziu (Volatinia jacarina), usando tanto dados de campo quando obtidos em manipulacoes experimentais no laboratorio, para mostrar diferentes aspectos inter-relacionados do sistema de acasalamento. Discutimos estudos previos que mostram o efeito negativo do parasitismo sobre caracteres sexuais secundarios dos tizius e a falta de escolha das femeas por machos mais saudaveis. Tambem revisamos o que se sabe sobre os padroes de acasalamento da especie, e discutimos as altas taxas de paternidade extra-par a luz de resultados obtidos em manipulacoes experimentais em laboratorio, nas quais observamos as reacoes de machos e femeas a presenca de machos extra-par. Da biologia reprodutiva basica as caracteristicas fenotipicas e interacoes complexas sociais e geneticas, essa revisao ilustra como o estudo de uma so especie permite interpretacoes abrangentes sobre muitas hipoteses e premissas que tem sido raramente avaliadas para aves Neotropicais.
Sustainable Strategies and Export Performance: an analysis of companies in the gems and jewelry industry

This study had the aim of analyzing the relation between the use of sustainable management strategies and the export performance in manufacturing companies of the gems and jewelry industry. Sustainable strategies were analyzed from the adaptation of the strategic model of the American Battelle Institute, introduced by Placet, Anderson and Fowler (2005), which addresses the interaction of economic, social and environmental aspects with the perspective of innovation, and impacts on the company and on the society. The export performance was analyzed based on the adaptation of the model of Papadopoulos and Martin (2010), which develops and tests a formative measure of the export performance, and identifies and quantifies the relative contribution of its consequences to the economic and strategic dimensions. The research is characterized as descriptive and quantitative, and was conducted through a survey. Therefore, it was highlighted that the sustainability dimensions are related to the export performance of companies in the gems and jewelry industry. Thus, it was suggested that sustainable business strategies can substantially contribute to the export performance, through the guidance towards economic, social and environmental results to the organization and its stakeholders. Keywords: Sustainable strategies. Export performance. Gems and jewelry industry.
Controls on the composition and lability of dissolved organic matter in Siberia's Kolyma River basin

[1] High-latitude northern rivers export globally significant quantities of dissolved organic carbon (DOC) to the Arctic Ocean. Climate change, and its associated impacts on hydrology and potential mobilization of ancient organic matter from permafrost, is likely to modify the flux, composition, and thus biogeochemical cycling and fate of exported DOC in the Arctic. This study examined DOC concentration and the composition of dissolved organic matter (DOM) across the hydrograph in Siberia's Kolyma River, with a particular focus on the spring freshet period when the majority of the annual DOC load is exported. The composition of DOM within the Kolyma basin was characterized using absorbance-derived measurements (absorbance coefficienta330, specific UV absorbance (SUVA254), and spectral slope ratio SR) and fluorescence spectroscopy (fluorescence index and excitation-emission matrices (EEMs)), including parallel factor analyses of EEMs. Increased surface runoff during the spring freshet led to DOM optical properties indicative of terrestrial soil inputs with high humic-like fluorescence, SUVA254, and low SRand fluorescence index (FI). Under-ice waters, in contrast, displayed opposing trends in optical properties representing less aromatic, lower molecular weight DOM. We demonstrate that substantial losses of DOC can occur via biological (∼30% over 28 days) and photochemical pathways (>29% over 14 days), particularly in samples collected during the spring freshet. The emerging view is therefore that of a more dynamic and labile carbon pool than previously thought, where DOM composition plays a fundamental role in controlling the fate and removal of DOC at a pan-Arctic scale.
The 3-D culture and in vivo growth of the human hepatocellular carcinoma cell Line HepG2 in a self-assembling peptide nanofiber scaffold

We report the use of the RADA16-I scaffold to mimic the ECM microenvironment and support tumor cell adherence and survival. Cellular morphology, proliferation, adhesion ability, and in vivo tumor formation were studied in the human hepatocellular carcinoma cell line HepG2 in the 3-D RADA16-I scaffold. No significant differences in HepG2 cell proliferation, adhesion, and albumin secretion were observed in the peptide scaffold compared to collagen I. Furthermore, the HepG2 cells precultured in the peptide scaffold showed a higher proliferation rate and formed significantly bigger tumors when compared to cells grown on a traditional 2D monolayer, suggesting that the 3-D RADA16-I scaffold can mimic the tumor microenvironment and promote a malignant phenotype in HepG2 cells. Our results indicate that the RADA16-I scaffold can serve as an ideal model for tumorigenesis, growth, local invasion, and metastasis.
Identifying refugia from climate change

This article highlights how the loose definition of the term ‘refugia’ has led to discrepancies in methods used to assess the vulnerability of species to the current trend of rising global temperatures. The term ‘refugia’ is commonly used without distinguishing between macrorefugia and microrefugia, ex situ refugia and in situ refugia, glacial and interglacial refugia or refugia based on habitat stability and refugia based on climatic stability. It is not always clear which definition is being used, and this makes it difficult to assess the appropriateness of the methods employed. For example, it is crucial to develop accurate fine‐scale climate grids when identifying microrefugia, but coarse‐scale macroclimate might be adequate for determining macrorefugia. Similarly, identifying in situ refugia might be more appropriate for species with poor dispersal ability but this may overestimate the extinction risk for good dispersers. More care needs to be taken to properly define the context when referring to refugia from climate change so that the validity of methods and the conservation significance of refugia can be assessed.
Observer Based Robust Position Control of a Hydraulic Servo System Using Variable Structure Control

This paper deals with the position control of a hydraulic servo system rod. Our approach considers the surface design as a case of virtual controller design using the backstepping method. We first prove that a linear surface does not yield to a robust controller with respect to the unmatched uncertainty and perturbation. Next, to remedy this deficiency, a sliding controller based on the second-order sliding mode is proposed which outperforms the first controller in terms of chattering attenuation and robustness with respect to parameter uncertainty only. Next, based on backstepping a nested variable structure design method is proposed which ensures the robustness with respect to both unmatched uncertainty and perturbation. Finally, a robust sliding mode observer is appended to the closed loop control system to achieve output feedback control. The stability and convergence to reference position with zero steady state error are proven when the controller is constructed using the estimated states. To illustrate the efficiency of the proposed methods, numerical simulation results are shown.
Physiological integration of coral colonies is correlated with bleaching resistance

Inter-module physiological integration of colonial organisms can facilitate colony-wide coordinated responses to stimuli that strengthen colony fitness and stress resistance. In scleractinian corals, whose colonial integration ranges from isolated polyps to a seamless continuum of polyp structures and functions, this coordination improves responses to injury, predation, disease, and stress and may be one of the indications of an evolutionary origin of Symbiodinium symbiosis. However, observations of species-specific coral bleaching patterns suggest that highly integrated coral colonies may be more susceptible to thermal stress, and support the hypothesis that communication pathways between highly integrated polyps facilitate the dissemination of toxic byproducts created during the bleaching response. Here we reassess this hypothesis by parameterizing an integration index using 7 skeletal features that have been historically employed to infer physiological integration. We examine the relationship between this index and bleaching response across a phylogeny of 88 diverse coral species. Correcting for phylogenetic relationships among species in the analyses reveals significant patterns among species characters that could otherwise be obscured in simple cross-species comparisons using standard statistics, whose assumptions of independence are violated by the shared evolutionary history among species. Similar to the observed benefits of in creased coloniality for other types of stressors, the results indicate a significantly reduced bleaching response among coral species with highly integrated colonies.