Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
N-(2,6-Dimethylanilino)-5,6-dihydro-4H-1,3-thiazin-3-ium chloride monohydrate

In the title compound, alternatively called xylazine hydrochloride monohydrate, C12H17N2S+·Cl−·H2O, the six-membered thiazine ring is in a half-chair conformation. In the crystal structure, six component centrosymmetric clusters are formed via intermolecular O—H⋯Cl, N—H⋯O and N—H⋯Cl hydrogen bonds involving xylazine cations, chloride anions and water molecules.
A discrete dynamic convexized method for VLSI circuit partitioning

In this paper, we consider the circuit partitioning problem, which is a fundamental problem in computer-aided design of very large-scale-integrated circuits. We formulate the problem as an equivalent constrained integer programming problem by constructing an auxiliary function. A global search method, entitled the dynamic convexized method, is developed for the integer programming problem. We modify the Fiduccia–Mattheyses (FM) algorithm, which is a fundamental partitioning algorithm for the circuit partitioning problem, to minimize the auxiliary function. We show both computationally and theoretically that our method can escape successfully from previous discrete local minimizers by taking increasing values of a parameter. Experimental results on ACM/SIGDA and ISPD98 benchmarks show up to 58% improvements over the well-known FM algorithm in terms of the best cutsize. Furthermore, we integrate the algorithm with the state-of-the-art practical multilevel partitioner MLPart. Experiments on the same set of benchmarks show that the solutions obtained in this way has 3–7% improvements over that of the MLPart.
Oscillations of plants' stems and their damping: theory and experimentation.

Free oscillations of upright plants' stems, or in technical terms slender tapered rods with one end free, can be modelled by considering the equilibrium between bending moments and moments resulting from inertia. For stems with apical loads and negligible mass of the stem and for stems with finite mass but without top loading, analytical solutions of the differential equations with appropriate boundary conditions are available for a finite number of cases. For other cases approximations leading to an upper and a lower estimate of the frequency of oscillation omega can be derived. For the limiting case of omega = 0, the differential equations are identical with Greenhill's equations for the stability against Euler buckling of slender poles. To illustrate, the oscillation frequencies of 25 spruce trees (Picea sitchensis (Bong.) Carr. ) were compared with those calculated on the basis of their morphology, their density and their static elasticity modulus. For Arundo donax L. and Cyperus alternifolius L. the observed oscillation frequency was used in turn to calculate the dynamic elasticity modulus, which was compared with that determined in three-point bending. Oscillation damping was observed for A. donax and C. alternifolius for plants' stems with and without leaves or inflorescence. In C. alternifolius the difference can be attributed to the aerodynamic resistance of the leaves, whereas in A. donax structural damping in addition plays a major role.
A Prospective Comparative Study of ASCA and pANCA in Chinese and Caucasian IBD Patients

BACKGROUND:Inflammatory bowel disease manifests throughout all ethnic groups. Antisaccharomyces cerevisiae (ASCA) and antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies (pANCA) can aid in the differentiation between Crohn's disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC), but their sensitivity may vary between races.OBJECTIVES:This study compared the sensitivity, specificity, and positive and negative predictive values (PPV, NPV) of pANCA and ASCA between Chinese and Caucasian IBD populations and identified disease subtype associations.RESULTS:Three hundred patients were prospectively recruited from Caucasian and Chinese populations (CD, n = 50, UC, n = 50, controls, n = 50 each). pANCA detection was greater in Caucasian than Chinese UC patients (p = 0.046). ASCA IgG detection was similar, but IgA was lower in Chinese CD patients (p < 0.001). Differentiation between UC and CD (+ve pANCA/−ve ASCA) demonstrated a PPV of 92% in isolated colonic disease. Logistic regression in CD identified positive pANCA had a lower association with ileal (OR = 6.8, p = 0.0067) and complicated disease (OR = 5.5, p = 0.015). Caucasian CD patients with positive ASCA IgA/IgG had a greater association with ileal (OR = 6.7, p = 0.022) or complicated disease (OR = 9.4, p = 0.0073) and in Chinese CD patients positive ASCA IgA/IgG was associated with isolated ileal disease (OR = 16.8, p = 0.032). Linear regression demonstrated that higher ASCA titers predicted complicated CD and isolated ileal disease.CONCLUSIONS:This study identified that pANCA is more sensitive in Caucasian than Chinese UC and that ASCA IgA has a low yield in Chinese CD. pANCA and ASCA are useful for differentiating between UC and CD in both populations, and ASCA IgG and IgA titers have potential use in determining the risk of developing complicated CD.
A Cross-sectional Study on the Prevalence of Physical Activity Among Primary Health Care Physicians in Aljouf Region of Saudi Arabia

Background: Sedentary life style and consequent obesity prevail in both developed and developing nations; gender- and age-independently. Physical inactivity in a population in a life style transition–like Saudi Arabia–causes metabolic syndrome with its immediate and long-term complications. Healthcare workers are in a better position for role modeling and counseling of appropriate health behaviors. Personal physical activity and body built among physicians influences to some degree their exercise counseling. Realizing such principle necessitates gauging the extent of physical activity among physicians and assessing the likelihood of counseling the patients on physical activities. Methods: A cross-sectional study enrolled primary health care physicians (PHCPs) from primary health care centers and general hospitals of two cities (Sakaka and Dumat Al-Jandal) of Aljouf region, Saudi Arabia. Both genders were included. English version of step-wise questionnaire of World Health Organization was used for data collection. Results: The response rate was 64.2%. 65.2% of respondent PHCPs were doing moderate to vigorous physical exercise and 34.8% of them were physically inactive. Majority of physically inactive PHCPs had intention to increase their physical activity. Neither gender, nationality nor city-wise significant differences were recorded. However, physically active PHCPs significantly impart advice and role modeling on physical activity to their patients compared to physically inactive PHCPs (p<0.01). Conclusion: Most PHCPs in Sakaka and Dumat Al-Jandal cities were physically active and were able to impart the healthy behavior counseling to their patients. A strong intention prevailed to increase physical activity among physically inactive Primary Health care Physicians (PHCPs).
Androgens and Mood Dysfunction in Women: Comparison of Women With Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome to Healthy Controls

Objective: Our understanding of the organizational and activational effects of human gonadal hormones on behavior has depended on the study of endocrine disorders. Polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) is a hormonal disorder that begins in puberty and is characterized by chronically augmented free testosterone (FT) levels. The purposes of this study were 1) to compare negative mood states of women with PCOS to those of women with normal hormonal levels and 2) to examine the relationship between negative moods and androgens. Methods: Twenty-seven women with PCOS were case-matched to 27 normal menstruating women on body mass index since being overweight is a common symptom of PCOS and could affect mood states. Serum levels of FT, total testosterone, sex hormone binding globulin, estradiol, and progesterone were determined. Self-reported depression, anger, anxiety, and aggression were analyzed between groups, and individual scores were compared across groups to hormone values. Results: Depression was significantly increased in the PCOS group and remained so after considering the variance related to physical symptomatology and other mood states. Furthermore, a curvilinear relationship between FT and negative affect across groups was suggested: the most elevated negative mood-scale scores were associated with FT values just beyond the upper limits of normal, while lower negative mood levels corresponded to both normal and extremely high values of FT. Conclusions: These results are consistent with a model of activational influences of testosterone on adult female behavior. Implications are discussed for future research and for treatment of PCOS and other menstrual-cycle mood disorders.
A New Approach for Assertions Processing during Assertion-Based Software Testing

Assertion-Based software testing has been shown to be a promising tool for generating test cases that reveal program faults. Because the number of assertions may be very large for industry-size programs, one of the main concerns to the applicability of assertion-based testing is the amount of search time required to explore a large number of assertions. This paper presents a new approach for assertions exploration during the process of AssertionBased software testing. Our initial exterminations with the proposed approach show that the performance of Assertion-Based testing may be improved, therefore, making this approach more efficient when applied on programs with large number of assertions. Keywords—Software testing, assertion-based testing, program assertions.
Trypanocidal and Leishmanicidal Properties of Substitution-Containing Chalcones

ABSTRACT Ten chalcones were synthesized and tested as potential leishmanicidal and trypanocidal agents. All tested compounds caused concentration-dependent inhibition of the in vitro growth of Leishmania braziliensis and Trypanosoma cruzi with no significant toxic effect towards host macrophages. Our results show that the positions of the substituents seem to be critical for their antiprotozoal activities.
Using Chemical Structural Indicators for Periodic Classification of Local Anaesthetics

Algorithms for classification and taxonomy based on criteria as information entropy and its production are proposed. Some local anaesthetics, currently in use, are classified using five characteristic chemical properties of different portions of their molecules. Many classification algorithms are based on information entropy. When applying the procedures to sets of moderate size, an excessive number of results appear compatible with data and the number suffers a combinatorial explosion. However, after the equipartition conjecture one has a selection criterion between different variants resulting from classification between hierarchical trees. Information entropy and principal component analyses agree. A table of periodic properties of anaesthetics is obtained. The first three features denote the group while the last two indicate the period in the table. The anaesthetics in the same group and period are suggested to present maximum similarity in properties. Furthermore the ones with only the same group will present important resemblance.
Mutational Analysis of H3 and H4 N Termini Reveals Distinct Roles in Nuclear Import*

Core histones H3 and H4 are rapidly imported into the nucleus by members of the karyopherin (Kap)/importin family. We showed that H3 and H4 interact with Kap123p, histone acetyltransferase-B complex (HAT-B), and Asf1p in cytosol. In vivo analysis indicated that Kap123p is required for H3-mediated import, whereas H4 utilizes multiple Kaps including Kap123p. The evolutionary conservation of H3 and H4 cytoplasmic acetylation led us to analyze the role of acetylation in nuclear transport. We determined that lysine 14 is critical for H3 NLS function in vivo and demonstrated that mutation of H3 lysine 14 to the acetylation-mimic glutamine decreased association with Kap123p in vitro. Several lysines in the H4 NLS are important for its function. We showed that mutation of key lysines to glutamine resulted in a greater import defect than mutation to arginine, suggesting that positive charge promotes NLS function. Lastly we determined that six of ten N-terminal acetylation sites in H3 and H4 can be mutated to arginine, indicating that deposition acetylation is not absolutely necessary in vivo. However, the growth defect of these mutants suggests that acetylation does play an important role in import. These findings suggest a model where cytosolic histones bind import karyopherins prior to acetylation. Other factors are recruited to this complex such as HAT-B and Asf1p; these factors in turn promote acetylation. Acetylation may be important for modulating the interaction with transport factors and may play a role in the release of histones from karyopherins in the nucleus.
SKELETAL MUSCLE ADAPTABILITY. III: MUSCLE PROPERTIES FOLLOWING CHRONIC ELECTRICAL STIMULATION

As a result of muscle’s demonstrated plasticity, the use of functional electrical stimulation (FES) to strengthen skeletal muscle was proposed, and several studies suggested that FES might decrease or delay the effects of disuse atrophy (Osborne 1951, Massey et al. 1965, Eriksson and Haggmark 1979, Godfrey et al. 1979, Garrett et al. 1980, Gould et al. e W 1982). Preliminary studies promoting the use of FES to regain muscle function lost
Optimized detection scheme in uplink network MIMO under constraint backhaul

This paper considers the model that two mobile users communicate with a central processer (CP) via two base stations (BSs). The BSs are connected to the CP via orthogonal finite-capacity links. The theoretical capacity of this model is still an open problem. For given capacity of backhaul links, we use private message, common message and joint decoding message to explore a new achievable rate. We also propose an optimization method to obtain the boundary. A better achievable rate region is acquired by our proposed scheme, and optimal power allocation for private message, common message and joint decoding message is derived. In our simulations, the results illustrate how the capacity of backhaul links determines the power allocation of private message, common message and joint message.
Factors Associated with the Intention of Registered Dietitians to Discuss Nutrigenetics with their Patients/Clients.

PURPOSE The objective of this study was to investigate factors affecting the intention of Registered Dietitians (RDs) to discuss nutrigenetics with their patients/clients. METHODS A survey based on the theory of planned behaviour (TPB; attitude, subjective norm, and perceived behavioural control) was developed and sent by email to RD members of the Ordre professionnel des diététistes du Québec. Multiple regression analyses were performed to examine the determinants of intention and behaviour. RESULTS A total of 141 RDs completed the questionnaire (5.8% response rate). On a scale from -2 to 2 (from strongly disagree to strongly agree), the intention of discussing nutrigenetics with patients/clients was neutral (mean of -0.07 ± 0.92). The TPB construct of attitude was the most strongly associated with intention (β = 0.66, P < 0.0001) followed by perceived behavioural control (β = 0.33, P < 0.0001) and subjective norm (β = 0.21, P = 0.03). Finally, 13 out of 141 RDs (~9%) actually practiced the behaviour, which was to have discussed nutrigenetics with their patients/clients in the last 3 months. Only perceived behavioural control contributed to explain the behaviour (β = 0.17, P < 0.0001). CONCLUSIONS Main determinants of the intention of RDs to discuss nutrigenetics with their patients/clients were determined. This knowledge will help inform the design of future educational content about nutrigenetics.
Influence of Subchronic Intake of Melatonin at Various Times of the Day on Fatigue and Hormonal Levels: A Placebo‐Controlled, Double‐Blind Trial

In a double‐blind study, melatonin (50 mg) or placebo was administered daily to 25 subjects at 9 am or 7 pm for 1 week. Self‐rated fatigue as evaluated by the Stanford Sleepiness Scale (SSS) was significantly increased during the 3 hours following melatonin intake in the morning, whereas, after administration in the evening, no difference between melatonin and placebo could be distinguished. Sleep onset latency slightly decreased in both melatonin groups without reaching statistical significance. No cumulative effects on sleep or behavior were observed. Twelve pituitary and peripheral hormones measured under baseline and partly (in the evening groups) under stimulated conditions before and after the trial did not change. The two most important conclusions are that: 1) the sedative potency of exogenous melatonin depends on the daily time of administration; and 2) the high pharmacological doses used for acute sedation do not seem to have cumulative effects after prolonged application.
Ameba node configuration method enabling flexible change of logical network topology

Currently, the Internet users have increased dramatically, and their generating traffic has also risen explosively. This tendency will occur sudden traffic fluctuation and increase routing processes on IP level significantly. Under this situation, network link has been growing up to high speed and large capacity because of the development of Optical WDM (Wavelength Division Multiplexing) technology. Also, the research on virtual network and next-generation network has been advancing. As a result, network control can be much more flexible than before. For realization of highly advanced next-generation network, this paper suggests novel network architecture that can decrease a network scale and can change topology at the IP level dynamically by adaptively leveraging the OXCs (Optical Cross-Connects) and making virtual node function composed of several distantly-positioned OXCs, named “Ameba Node”. We also evaluate its effectiveness by computer simulation.
Tumour suppressor p53: Understanding the molecular mechanisms inherent to cancer

Tumour suppressor p53 has been the centre of focus of researchers trying to decipher the molecular mechanisms underlying tumourigenesis. In this review, we have summarized the critical role of p53 in tumour suppression through its effects on several cellular processes such as DNA repair, cell cycle and apoptosis. We have also discussed the role of upstream regulators which sensitize p53 to respond to different stress conditions. Post-translational modifications of p53 along with its binding partners have emerged as major determinants of its functional selectivity and specificity. Unravelling the intricacies of p53 functions have been augmented with the development of new mouse models of p53, which also have been discussed in this review.
Workload, flow, and telepresence during teleoperation

There is much speculation about the relationships among workload, flow, telepresence, and performance during teleoperation, but few data that provide evidence concerning them. This paper presents results of an investigation conducted during completion of a pipe cutting task using a teleoperator at the Oak Ridge National Laboratory. The results show support for the hypothesis that telepresence is related to expenditure of attentional resources, and some support for the hypothesis that telepresence is related to flow. The discussion examines the results from an attentional resources perspective on teleoperation.
Automatic imepdance matching in Microwave power harvesters

This paper presents the implementation of the automatic impedance matching in RF/Microwave power harvesters. The necessity of tuning the matching network for different working conditions is reviewed. Different methodologies to realize tuneable matching network are analyzed and compared. Tradeoff between tuneablity and self power consumption of the parasitics in the matching network is analyzed. A power harvester with the auxiliary circuit for generating the feedback control signals to tune the matching network is designed. The gain of employing the automatic impedance matching is shown in the simulation result.
Neurological side-effects in a series of operations on the basal ganglia.

T HIS is a s tudy of the neurological sideeffects of operations on the basal ganglia. I t is based on the correlation of clinical and radiological data obtained in a series of 650 basal ganglia operations for Parkinson 's disease. The medical l i terature shows particular concern with the optimal location of the lesion which will result in relief of rigidity and tremor. There is now almost complete agreemen t tha t the best therapeutic effects are achieved by lesions located in the area of the ventral thalamus al though the exact coordinates va ry somewhat from one author to another.l,4,5,s Hemiballismus and hemiplegia are two impor tan t complications following basal ganglia surgery. 7'9 Menta l changes following bilateral operations have also been mentioned especially by the Riechert school. 6 Informat ion regarding other neurological phenomena occasionally seen following basal ganglia stereotactic surgery is scarce. The symptoms include dystonic movements and postures, dysarthria , sensory changes and "thalamic pain . " One also gathers the impression that postoperat ive problems such as hemiplegia and mental changes are primarily due to true surgical complications, especially vascular softening and hemorrhages2 I t is our purpose to analyze our own series in order to discover the correlation, if any, between the radiological location of the lesions and the most common neurological side-effects. We will not concern ourselves with clinical results in terms of alleviation of t remor and rigidity except for comparison and we have eliminated those cases where the undesirable effects were the result of purely surgical complications, such as hemorrhage. This work follows closely the paper first published in 1960 by Cooper and one of
Harmonic Propagation Damping in Ring Power Distribution Systems using an Active Filter

This paper presents an analysis to select the best location for a shunt active power filter, aimed at damping the resonances in a ring power distribution network. The active filter, which is based on the voltage detection method, behaves as a high impedance at the fundamental frequency, and as a low resistance at harmonic frequencies. Simulation and experimental results show that the active filter can damp out harmonic propagation throughout the power distribution line.
Role of the functional MNS16A VNTR‐243 variant of the human telomerase reverse transcriptase gene in progression and response to therapy of patients with non‐Hodgkin's B‐cell lymphomas

MNS16A is a functional polymorphic tandem repeat within the human telomerase reverse transcriptase (hTERT) gene. To investigate whether any of the MNS16A repeats represents a genetic risk factor for NHL susceptibility, progression of or response to therapy in 75 patients with non‐Hodgkin's lymphomas (NHLs) and 126 healthy individuals were genotyped using the PCR‐VNTR technique. A slightly higher frequency of the MNS16A VNTR‐243 variant was detected among patients who did not respond to treatment (NR) as compared to patients with complete or partial remission (0.83 vs. 0.51, P = 0.055). NR patients more frequently developed aggressive than indolent type of the disease (0.92 vs. 0.41, P = 0.001). The VNTR‐243 allele was more frequently detected among patients with an intermediate–high/high International Prognostic Index (IPI 3–4) score (P = 0.063), especially in patients with advanced age and IPI 3–4 (P = 0.040). In multivariate analysis, higher IPI 3–4 score (OR = 11.364, P = 0.051) and aggressive type of the disease (OR = 18.182, P = 0.012) were found to be independent genetic markers associated with nonresponse to treatment. Presence of the MNS16A VNTR‐243 variant also strongly tended to affect the risk of a less favourable response to therapy and was more frequently present among nonresponders (OR = 5.848, P = 0.059). Genetic variation within the hTERT gene may affect the progression and treatment of lymphoproliferative disorders.