Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Coherent vortex extraction in three-dimensional homogeneous turbulence: Comparison between CVS-wavelet and POD-Fourier decompositions

The coherent vortex simulation (CVS) decomposes each realization of a turbulent flow into two orthogonal components: An organized coherent flow and a random incoherent flow. They both contribute to all scales in the inertial range, but exhibit different statistical behaviors. The CVS decomposition is based on the nonlinear filtering of the vorticity field, projected onto an orthonormal wavelet basis made of compactly supported functions, and the computation of the induced velocity field using Biot–Savart’s relation. We apply it to a three-dimensional homogeneous isotropic turbulent flow with a Taylor microscale Reynolds number Rλ=168, computed by direct numerical simulation at resolution N=2563. Only 2.9%N wavelet modes correspond to the coherent flow made of vortex tubes, which contribute 99% of energy and 79% of enstrophy, and exhibit the same k−5/3 energy spectrum as the total flow. The remaining 97.1%N wavelet modes correspond to a incoherent random flow which is structureless, has an equipartition en.
Theoretical Systematics of Future Baryon Acoustic Oscillation Surveys

Future Baryon Acoustic Oscillation surveys aim at observing galaxy clustering over a wide range of redshift and galaxy populations at great precision, reaching tenths of a percent, in order to detect any deviation of dark energy from the $\LCDM$ model. We utilize a set of paired quasi-\Nb\, FastPM simulations that were designed to mitigate the sample variance effect on the BAO feature and evaluated the BAO systematics as precisely as $\sim 0.01\%$. We report anisotropic BAO scale shifts before and after density field reconstruction in the presence of redshift-space distortions over a wide range of redshift, galaxy/halo biases, and shot noise levels. We test different reconstruction schemes and different smoothing filter scales, and introduce physically-motivated BAO fitting models. For the first time, we derive a Galilean-invariant infrared resummed model for halos in real and redshift space. We test these models from the perspective of robust BAO measurements and non-BAO information such as growth rate and nonlinear bias. We find that pre-reconstruction BAO scale has moderate fitting-model dependence at the level of $0.1\%-0.2\%$ for matter while the dependence is substantially reduced to less than $0.07\%$ for halos. We find that post-reconstruction BAO shifts are generally reduced to below $0.1\%$ in the presence of galaxy/halo bias and show much smaller fitting model dependence. Different reconstruction conventions can potentially make a much larger difference on the line-of-sight BAO scale, upto $0.3\%$. Meanwhile, the precision (error) of the BAO measurements is quite consistent regardless of the choice of the fitting model or reconstruction convention.
Doping in Sports: West-Austrian Sport Teachers’ and Coaches’ Knowledge, Attitude and Behavior

Coaches are seen as strong influencing factors in the regulation of athletes’ behavior and attitudes, as well as being in a good position to transfer knowledge. Hence, they should be included in targeted education strategies in doping prevention. The current study aimed at evaluating the knowledge and attitudes of Western-Austrian coaches to outline possible associations between education and perceived and actual knowledge. A questionnaire divided into four main fields of interest: (a) perceived knowledge, (b) actual knowledge, (c) attitudes, and (d) coach behavior, was handed out to 135 sport teachers and coaches in Tyrol (response rate: 45.9 %). Perceived knowledge was significantly lower than actual knowledge (72.2 and 87 out of 100, p<0.001). The score on attitudes was 86.8 (out of 100), outlining a positive anti-doping attitude. Coach behavior scored very moderately (48.7 out of 100). Coaches, confronted with the topic during primary education and subsequent training scored significantly higher in perceived knowledge compared to primary education only (77.3 vs 52.8, p<0.05). The goal of prevention strategies should be to increase actual knowledge by continuing training of the coaches, since only those who perceive themselves to be competent will actively address the topic and appear more trustworthy, thereby helping athletes develop and modify their own set of values.
Adaptive Array Beamforming Using a Chaotic Beamforming Algorithm

The Chaotic beamforming adaptive algorithm is new adaptive method for antenna array’s radiation pattern synthesis. This adaptive method based on the optimization of the Least Mean Square algorithm using Chaos theory enables fast adaptation of antenna array radiation pattern, reduction of the noisy reference signal’s impact, and the improvement of the tracking capabilities. We performed simulations for linear and circular antenna arrays. We also compared the performances of the used and existing algorithms in terms of the radiation pattern comparison.
Conceptualizing and Measuring the Monetary Value of Brand Extensions: The Case of Motion Pictures

Brand extension value is the part of brand value that derives from a brand owner's right to introduce new products related to the brand. The authors draw on a theoretical conceptualization of brand extension success and present an approach to measure the monetary value of brand extension rights in the context of motion pictures (i.e., movie sequel rights) and to calculate the effect of variations of key extension product attributes, such as the continued participation of stars, on this value. Their measure incorporates both the forward spillover effect and the reciprocal spillover effect and accounts for differences between brand extensions and new original products in revenues and risk, thereby offering marketing scholars a novel approach for evaluating the riskiness of investment alternatives. With respect to the forward spillover effect of a parent brand on the extension product, the authors apply regression analysis to data from all 101 initial movie sequels released in North American theaters between 1998 and 2006 and to a matched subsample of original movies and calculate the risk-adjusted monetary brand extension value by comparing success predictions for both sequels and matched original movies. Regarding the reciprocal spillover effect by which the extension product affects the success of the parent brand, the authors use longitudinal data of parent-brand DVD sales to monetize the risk-adjusted impact of the brand extension on the parent. The usefulness of their approach is illustrated by calculating the monetary brand extension value for an actual movie title.
Indirect transitions of a signal interacting with a moving refractive index front

The dynamic manipulation of light can be achieved by the interaction of a signal pulse propagating through or reflected from a refractive index front. Both the frequency and the wave vector of the signal are changed in this case, which is generally referred to as an indirect transition. We have developed a theory to describe such transitions in integrated photonic crystal waveguides. Through indirect transitions, the following effects can be envisaged: large frequency shifts and light stopping and order of magnitude pulse compression and broadening without center frequency shift. All effects can be potentially realized with a refractive index modulation as small as 0.001. For the experimental realization, we have used slow light photonic crystal waveguides in silicon. The refractive index front was obtained by free carriers generation with a switching pulse co-propagating with the signal in the same slow light waveguide. The group velocities of the signal and the front could be varied arbitrarily by choosing the right frequencies of the signal and switching pulses. The indirect transition was unambiguously demonstrated by considering two situations: a) the front overtaking the signal and b) the signal overtaking the front. In both cases, a blue shift of the signal frequency was observed. This blue shift can only be explained by the occurrence of the expected indirect transition and not by a direct transition without wave vector variation.
Reduction process of low-grade nickel laterite agglomerates using different carbonaceous materials

Lateritic nickel ores need to be reduced to obtain direct reduced iron and nickel alloy. During processing of lateritic nickel ores in rotary kilns, there is a great loss of fines of ores due to degradation during transport into the reactor. These fines contain substantial amounts of nickel and iron, which could be recovered if they are agglomerated and fed back to the process. It is important to note that the processing of minerals with smaller particle sizes yields more efficient reduction processes because there is more surface area for the reducing agent to react with the mineral particles. This work involves the agglomeration of lateritic ore with a nickel content of 1.78%. Briquettes of 10 g were manufactured with the addition of various carbonaceous materials, such as coal, molasses, and coke, with a ratio of carbon/oxygen = 1. These samples were subjected to temperatures of 1100 °C to reduce the iron and nickel oxides present. The reduction percentages were obtained and the products were analyzed by X-ray diffraction (XRD), atomic absorption, thermogravimetry, and scanning electron microscopy to observe the effectiveness of the reducing agent. The highest reduction percentages (95%) were obtained when molasses was used as the reducing agent.
Can Faculty Conceptions of Teaching Influence Faculty Professional Development

Indeed, many researchers have pointed out that university teaching and classroom behaviour activities are determined by a set of theoretical framework which is belief driven (Clark & Peterson, 1986; Marland, 1995, 1998). Over the years, a growing body of research has helped to provide evidence that such beliefs (known also as epistemological beliefs) have offered insights as to how lecturers promote their actual conceptions of teaching across educational settings.
The Effect of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi and Gliocladium Fungi on the Yield of Small Green Pepper ( Capsicum annuum ) Grown by Sustainable Agriculture

The potential vulnerability of the conventional agricultural systems has been become increasingly alarmed for agricultural scientists, government officials, environmentalists, farmers (both urban and rural laymen). Agricultural soils are often subject to loss of carbon, toxicity and hazard of agrochemicals, nutrient run-off, excessive erosion, and consequently a decline in soil fertility. The purpose of this study is to present new perspectives and strategies for efficient and effective use of natural resources (wood and bamboo wastes, weeds, and fungi) to enhance sustainable systems of agriculture. A next generation agriculture by using wood and bamboo wastes with the application of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) and gliocladium fungi (GF) was investigated to establish high productivity of small green pepper (SGP, Capsicum annuum). Wood and bamboo wastes as carbon sources, cut weeds as organic sources, and a minor amount of AMF, and GF were applied separately and conjointly in the four experimental plots to evaluate the effects of wood and bamboo wastes (high C:N ratio), weeds, and fungi on the production of SGP. The combination of carbon, organic, and fungal sources at T1 (wood wastes + bamboo wastes + cut weeds + AMF + GF) obtained high productivity of SGP. The yield was 400 times higher than control (untreated). Another notable significant result is that all the treatments contained a very small amount of nitrate compared to conventional practice. This study suggests that combination of carbon (wood, and bamboo wastes), organic (cut weeds), and fungal sources (AMF, and GF) has a potential to be innovative agricultural materials for the next generation sustainable agriculture.
Nine years of mass transport data in the eastern boundary of the North Atlantic Subtropical Gyre

[1] One of the longest current meter time series in the Lanzarote Passage in the eastern boundary of the North Atlantic Subtropical Gyre has been used to determine and quantify the 9-year mean transport, the inter-annual and seasonal mass transport variability for the three water masses present in the area. Results show North Atlantic Central Water (NACW) flowing southward in the upper levels with a mean mass transport of −0.81 ± 1.48 Sv, Antarctic Intermediate Water (AAIW) flowing northward at intermediate levels with a mean transport of +0.09 ± 0.57 Sv and Mediterranean Water (MW) flowing southward in the deep part of the passage with a mean transport of −0.05 ± 0.17 Sv. Harmonic and wavelet analysis show the presence of a seasonal pattern in the passage for the three water masses. A maximum southward transport in winter and spring has been observed for the NACW followed by a minimum in summer and fall. Near zero values during winter and spring are found for AAIW, with a maximum northward value in summer and a negative value in fall, when this water mass reverses its flow. MW has a similar seasonal pattern to NACW. The vertical structure in the Lanzarote Passage can be approximated by four significant oscillatory modes which cumulatively explain 86.4% of the variance. The strong transport fluctuation found at the seasonal and inter-annual timescales demonstrates that the Eastern Boundary Current transport has a strong impact on meridional overturning estimates, thus indicating that to understand Meridional Overturning Circulation variability, these transport estimates at the eastern Atlantic margin are necessary.
Effects of Emerging Infectious Diseases on Amphibians: A Review of Experimental Studies

Numerous factors are contributing to the loss of biodiversity. These include complex effects of multiple abiotic and biotic stressors that may drive population losses. These losses are especially illustrated by amphibians, whose populations are declining worldwide. The causes of amphibian population declines are multifaceted and context-dependent. One major factor affecting amphibian populations is emerging infectious disease. Several pathogens and their associated diseases are especially significant contributors to amphibian population declines. These include the fungi Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis and B. salamandrivorans, and ranaviruses. In this review, we assess the effects of these three pathogens on amphibian hosts as found through experimental studies. Such studies offer valuable insights to the causal factors underpinning broad patterns reported through observational studies. We summarize key findings from experimental studies in the laboratory, in mesocosms, and from the field. We also summarize experiments that explore the interactive effects of these pathogens with other contributors of amphibian population declines. Though well-designed experimental studies are critical for understanding the impacts of disease, inconsistencies in experimental methodologies limit our ability to form comparisons and conclusions. Studies of the three pathogens we focus on show that host susceptibility varies with such factors as species, host age, life history stage, population and biotic (e.g., presence of competitors, predators) and abiotic conditions (e.g., temperature, presence of contaminants), as well as the strain and dose of the pathogen, to which hosts are exposed. Our findings suggest the importance of implementing standard protocols and reporting for experimental studies of amphibian disease.
Selected characteristics of Slovak consumers purchasing behaviour

Objective of the paper is to point out selected patterns of Slovak consumers based on analysis of buying behaviour. Results of presented survey of consumer buying patterns and preferences have poin­ted out key characteristics of buying behaviour of Slovak consumers. We’re able to confirm that new business companies as hypermarket and supermarket became main place for food shopping. Totally 72% of respondents indicated them as the type of store where they spend largest share of food ex­pen­ses. The self-service shop, traditional business units, is still the shopping place for 14% of res­pon­dents. The most important factors influencing selection of the type of store are closeness and location of the store, assortment and product quality, store personnel and price level. More than half of the respondents consider opening times the key service for choosing the place for shopping. 49.6% of respondents is using car to do shopping, 35.5% of respondents walk. 32.5% of respondents is using advertising leaflets to plan what to buy. 14.6% of respondents answered that even though receiving leaflets, they don’t read them. 31.3% of respondents are holders of loyalty cards. Most visited retail chain is Tesco.Currently building of large-scale business formats slowed down and retail chains try to get closer towards customer not only by reducing floor space but above all by locating the stores in the centre of cities with lower population.
A COMPARISON OF CAUSALITY TESTS APPLIED TO THE BILATERAL RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN CONSUMPTION AND GDP IN THE USA AND MEXICO

Bilateral causality between Private Consumption and GDP in the USA and Mexico during the period 1960-2002 is analysed comparing Granger ́s test, a modified version of Granger ́s test, cointegration, TSLS and Hausman ́s causality test. The main conclusion is that the modified version of Granger ́s test performs better than the unmodified version, and also better than cointegration, to accept lagged causality in the Consumption equation. Besides that Hausman ́s test is very often more useful to distinguish between bilateral and unilateral contemporaneous causality than TSLS. We conclude that there is a high degree of causal dependence of Private Consumption on GDP and a lower dependence in the case of the reverse relation. JEL classification: C5, C52, E2, O51, O57
Ecological risk assessment in a large river‐reservoir: 5. Aerial insectivorous wildlife

Risks to aerial insectivores (e.g., rough‐winged swallows, little brown bats, and endangered gray bats) were assessed for the remedial investigation of the Clinch River/Poplar Creek (CR/PC) system. Adult mayflies and sediment were collected from three locations and analyzed for contaminants. Sediment‐to‐mayfly contaminant uptake factors were generated from these data and used to estimate contaminant concentrations in mayflies from 13 additional locations. Contaminants of potential ecological concern (COPECs) were identified by comparing exposure estimates generated using point estimates of parameter values to NOAELs. To incorporate the variation in exposure parameters and to provide a better estimate of the potential exposure, the exposure model was recalculated using Monte Carlo methods. The potential for adverse effects was estimated based on the comparison of exposure distribution and the LOAEL. The results of this assessment suggested that population‐level effects to rough‐winged swallows and little brown bats are considered unlikely. However, because gray bats are endangered, effects on individuals may be significant from foraging in limited subreaches of the CR/PC system. This assessment illustrates the advantage of an iterative approach to ecological risk assessments, using fewer conservative assumptions and more realistic modeling of exposure.
Supervision and Teachers’ Work Performances in Primary Schools in Konye Sub-Division in Cameroon

Abstract This study examined the impact of head teachers’ instructional supervision practices on teachers’ performances in selected primary schools in Konye Sub-Division in Cameroon. The study used a descriptive survey design to explain the impact of head teachers’ classrooms visits and checking of teaching log-books (records) on teachers’ job performances. The sample size was made up of six head teachers and twenty-eight teachers selected from six schools from Konye Sub-Division, which included two state own, two confessional, and two lay private schools. A five section questionnaire was developed to collect data on head teachers’ and teachers. The questionnaire was administered during one of the researcher’s contact visits at the institutions. The researcher explained to the respondents who filled out the information on the questionnaire and returned after completion. The data was analyzed using SPSS version 20.0 for descriptive statistics that included the use of frequencies and percentages. Findings among others revealed the aspects that influence teachers’ performances during instructional supervision by head teachers was not only classroom visits but also observation of teaching (82% and 83.3%), examination of teaching and learning methods used by teachers during supervision (71.4% and 66.6%), regularly checking of records of work covered by teachers (92.9% and 83.3%), regularly checking and correcting of teachers’ lesson plans (89.3% and 100%), and holding sessions with teachers to guide on how to improve teaching and learning activities in primary schools.
NLRP10 A Potential Contributor to the Anti-Inflammatory Effects of IVIg in Sepsis

Intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIg) is used to treat a number of inflammatory diseases including sepsis. The objective of this study was to evaluate whether NLRP10, postulated as a negative regulator of inflammasome activation, can play a role in the anti-inflammatory effects observed in the treatment of severe sepsis with IVIg. Human peripheral blood monocytes were isolated and treated either with LPS or IVIg, or alternatively treated first with LPS followed by addition of IVIg. The induction of IL-1β and IL-18 was used as an index of inflammasome activation. Treatment of resting monocytes with IVIg resulted in a significant increase in the expression of NLRP10. LPS but not IVIg resulted in a significant increase in both IL-1β and IL-18 protein release, consistent with inflammasome activation. Furthermore, addition of IVIg to LPS-treated monocytes resulted in a significant increase in the expression of NLRP10 which was associated with a complete inhibition of both IL-1β and IL-18 increased expression. These data suggest that the IVIg-mediated induction of NLRP10 expression in monocytes contributes to the control of inflammation during sepsis and thus highlight a complementary mechanism by which IVIg exerts their anti-inflammatory effects in sepsis.
Computer Technology Integration Into the Public School Classroom – A Qualitative Update

The number of computers found in public schools has greatly increased over the last forty years. Asrecognized by the National Center for Education Statistics (2000), the dramatic increase has led to aneed for understanding how these computers are being used in the classroom and how teachers feelabout the current state of integration. Some observers of this phenomenon have suggested that thedesire to acquire computer technology for use in the public school classroom has been so strong thatmany of the proponents of computer technology integration into the public school classroom have spentlittle time in explaining or justifying it (Skinner, 2002). Cradler (2002) suggests that the superintendentsand politicians who propose and fund school budgets need credible research and evaluation findingsto justify sustaining and expanding funding for technology in schools.
Out of sight, out of mind: high cryptic diversity obscures the identities and histories of geminate species in the marine bivalve subgenus Acar

Aim The rise of the Isthmus of Panama and the formation of ‘geminate’ species pairs serves as an important model of allopatric speciation. However, to function as a model system, hypothesized geminates must first be shown to be each other’s closest living relatives. If the presence of cryptic taxa obscures true relationships, the biogeographical histories of transisthmian taxa are likely to be misinterpreted. We have therefore completed a phylogeographic survey of the transisthmian bivalve subgenus Acar in the genus Barbatia to characterize patterns of tropical American diversity and to place transisthmian taxa in a regional phylogeographic context.