Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
High GATA-4 expression associates with aggressive behavior, whereas low anti-Müllerian hormone expression associates with growth potential of ovarian granulosa cell tumors.

CONTEXT Granulosa cell tumors (GCTs) are ovarian malignancies that produce estrogens, inhibins, and anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH). The molecular pathogenesis of GCTs is likely to involve defects in the genes regulating normal granulosa cell proliferation during folliculogenesis. OBJECTIVE The objective of this study was to test the role of factors regulating the normal granulosa cell function, i.e. AMH, inhibin-alpha, SF-1 (steroidogenic factor-1), and GATA transcription factors in the pathobiology and clinical behavior of GCTs. DESIGN We selected randomly a cohort of 80 GCT patients treated at our university hospital during 1971-2003, analyzed protein expression in the tumor samples embedded on a tissue microarray by immunohistochemistry, and correlated the data to clinical and histopathological parameters. RESULTS We found no significant differences in the immunoreactivity levels of inhibin-alpha, GATA-6, FOG-2 (friend of GATA-2), or SF-1 in GCTs compared with normal granulosa cells. AMH expression was, however, low (i.e. reduced) in 69% of GCTs and correlated inversely with tumor size (P = 0.0025). In contrast, GATA-4 expression was high (i.e. resembled normal granulosa cells) in 44% of GCTs and correlated positively with clinical stage and recurrence (P = 0.0232 and P = 0.0038, respectively). Fifty of the 80 patients had a follow-up for at least 10 yr, and 13 of them had recurrence(s). In multivariate analysis of recurrence, the high GATA-4 expression remained the only independent factor (risk ratio, 9.2; 95% confidence interval, 2.0-43.3; P = 0.0048). CONCLUSIONS The more aggressive GCTs retain a high GATA-4 expression, whereas the larger tumors lose the proliferation-suppressing AMH expression. The high GATA-4 expression in GCTs may serve as a marker of poor prognosis.
Performance of hearing-impaired listeners under various types of amplitude compression.

Speech perception by subjects with sensorineural hearing impairment was studied using various types of short-term (syllabic) amplitude compression. Average speech level was approximately constant. In quiet, a single-channel wideband compression (WBC) with compression ratio equal to 10, attack time 10 ms and release time 90 ms produced significantly higher scores than a three-channel multiband compression (MBC) or no compression when a nonsense syllable test (City University of New York) was used. The scores under MBC, WBC, or no compression were not significantly different when the modified rhyme test (MRT) was used. But when overshoots caused by compression were clipped, the MRT scores improved significantly. The influence of MBC on reverberant speech and of WBC on noisy speech were tested with the MRT. Reverberation reduced the scores, and this reduction was the same with compression as without. Noise added to speech before compression also reduced the scores, but the reduction was larger with compression than without. When noise was added after compression, an improvement was observed when WBC had a compression ratio of about 5, attack time 1 ms, and release time 30 ms. Other compression modes (e.g., with high-frequency pre-emphasis) did not show an improvement. The results indicate that WBC with a compression ratio around 5, attack time shorter than 3 ms, and release time between 30 and 90 ms can be beneficial if signal-to-noise ratio is large, or, if in a noisy or reverberant environment, the effects of noise or reverberation are eliminated by using listening systems.
Ionizing radiation and children's health: Conclusions

Ionizing radiation causes displacement of atomic electrons, breaks chemical bonds and produces chemical changes in living cells which can lead either to cell death or the introduction of fixed mutation in the genetic material of the cell or even nearby cells. Ionizing radiation falls into two broad groups: 1) particulate radiations such as high energy electrons, neutrons, protons or alpha particles that ionize matter by direct atomic collisions ; and 2) electromagnetic radiations or photons such as X-rays or gamma rays which ionize matter by other types of atomic interactions.
Physiological, Biochemical and Molecular Responses to Thermal Stress in Goats -

Livestock undergo various kinds of stress such as physical, nutritional, chemical, psychological and thermal stress. Among all thermal stress is most concerning now a day in the ever changing climatic scenario. Thermal stress redistributes the body resources including protein and energy at t he cost of decreased growth, reproduction, production and health. Goats (Capra hircus) are relatively resistant to harsh environmental conditions. Thermal stress stimulates sort of complex responses which are fundamentals in the preservation of cell survival. Physiological responses to thermal stress are rectal temperature, respiration rate, heart rate, skin temperature; hormonal changes in terms of thyroxin, tri-iodothyronine, cortisol, electrolyte concentration; hematological responses like hemoglobin level and packed cell volume. Biochemical responses include changes in antioxidants level, plasma or serum enzymes and metabolites like blood glucose, total cholesterol level. At molecular level changes in gene expression of heat shock proteins and many other proteins ensure protections. Altogether these physiological, biochemical and molecular responses makes the goats to survive in harsh environment.
Nonlinear susceptibility as a probe of tensor spin order in URu2Si2.

VOLUME 68, NUMBER 17 PH YSICAL REVIEW LETTERS Nonlinear Susceptibility A. P. Ramirez, as a Probe of Tensor Spin Order in URu2Siz P. Chandra, E. Bruck, and E. Bucher ' ' P. Coleman, 27 APRI L 1992 A. A. Menovsky, Z. Fisk, ATf here specific-heat and suscepti- bility anomalies [4-6] indicate a magnetic transition at 17. 3 K despite a tiny observed moment (p0-0. 04pg) that cannot account for the entropy loss at this tempera- ture [2]. In this Letter we present nonlinear susceptibili- ty measurements on URu2Si2 that probe tensor spin or- der; they suggest that an itinerant quadrupolar order pa- rameter drives this mysterious transition. The nonlinear susceptibility was first introduced as a order-parameter fluc- direct probe of Edwards-Anderson tuations in spin glasses [7]. In nonrandom systems this method can be generalized to multipolar moment fluctua- used as a probe tions; to date, it has been predominantly of quadrupolar interactions in rare-earth compounds [8]. These studies focused on the paramagnetic phase, with the aim of probing the uncorrelated multispin fluctuation spectrum. By contrast, here we examine the phase transi- tion behavior of the nonlinear susceptibility in a manifest- ly itinerant magnet. In general terms, the magnetization in the direction of the applied field in the paramagnetic state is M=g1H+ g3H =g -( (2n — — 1)! g2 where g2„-~ is proportional moment of the magnetization — iH to the 2nth irreducible (I) The development of uniform and T is the temperature. spin order involving the n-spin (irreducible) order param- eter q„=Q for m =1, but for URu2Si2 complete dipole formation m suggesting the possibility of higher-order mul- tipolar order [2]. For the present measurement of g3 in URu2Si2, we used high-quality single crystals described elsewhere [14]. I n particular, these crystals sho~ed no sign of fer- romagnetism at 35 K, indicative of stacking fault defects. Measurements of M vs H up to 5 T were made with a commercial magnetometer. g3 was determined by fitting 1992 The American Physical Society
Aggregating Measures using Fuzzy Logic for Evaluating Feature Models

In the context of Software Product Lines (SPLs), evaluating the quality of a feature model is essential to ensure that errors in the early stages do not spread throughout the SPL. One way to evaluate a feature model is to use measures. However, measures alone are not enough to characterize the feature model quality, because most of them cover specific aspects, such as the number of features. So, there is a need for methods to aggregate measures at the level of quality sub-characteristic or characteristic. In this paper, we aim to investigate how to aggregate measures that have been proposed to evaluate the quality of feature models in SPL. We have used the fuzzy logic theory in order to aggregate these measures. The new aggregated measures can be applied to evaluate different and complex aspects of a feature model, such as: size, stability, flexibility and dynamicity. Moreover, to evaluate the use of the new aggregate measures, we applied them in different feature models. Our findings suggest that aggregate measures can assist the domain engineer in evaluating the maintainability of feature models.
Job Performance and Chronic Fatigue Syndrome in Nurses

The current study was an attempt to examine the role of chronic fatigue syndrome in job performance of nurses by comparing with normal group. A total sample of 100 nurses from IGMC, Shimla (HP) was drawn for the purpose out of which 50 were suffering from chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS) and 50 were normal. The main findings point to the following facts: (i) On the indices of job performance viz., punctuality, public dealing, efficiency, nursing knowledge and interpersonal communication, normal group has been rated significantly higher by their doctors as compared to the CFS nurses with t-values being 4.34** p<. 01; 8.22** p<. 01; 7.03** p<. 01; 2.32* p<. 05 and 2.17* p<. 05 respectively. (ii) On the variable of obedience, no significant difference was observed. (iii) Overall, there was significant difference between CFS and normal nurses on total job performance score with t value = 3.97** p<. 01. The results clearly reveal the deleterious effects of CFS on the job performance.
On the influence of compiler optimizations in the fault tolerance of embedded systems

This paper proposes a method for tuning compilations to improve the size, execution time and reliability of the final application altogether. Our approach implements a genetic strategy with a multi-objective evolution that takes advantage of the NSGA-II algorithm for selecting the best compilations. Experiments show that reliability can be improved by efficiently exploring the compiler optimization options. As a consequence, our method enhances the application fault coverage from 3% to 6% and gets increments of MWTF from 15% to 45%.
Kinetics of growth and phosphate uptake in pure culture studies of Acinetobacter species

Acinetobacter has been found to be the major species responsible for mediating biological phosphate removal. The growth kinetics and phosphate uptake were investigated for an isolated Acinetobacter strain growing in a defined medium. The phosphate uptake is dependent on growth rate, temperature, and pH. Polyphosphate granules occurred in a balanced growth stage. The maximum phosphorus content in cells was 4.8% at the dilution rate of 12 day−1. The specific phosphate uptake rate was found to be a quadratic polynomial function of the dilution rate. Increased calcium (up to 36 mg/L) and magnesium (up to 15 mg/L), and the addition of yeast extract (100 mg/L), primary effluent (20%), and fluoride (10 mg/L) did not affect phosphate uptake. Anaerobic conditioning (N2 stripping), low pH (CO2 stripping), and addition of sodium acetate under anaerobic conditions failed to stimulate immediate phosphate release. Nevertheless, After 21–24 h, the phosphate release was ca. 3, 5, and 15 mg P/g cell, respectively, for N2 purging, the addition of acetate, and CO2 purging. For two‐stage completely stirred reactor operation, there was negligible phosphate overplus at the second reactor when phosphate was added, when the first reactor was subjected to phosphate limitation. When both phosphate and carbon limited the growth in the first reactor, there was slight phosphate accumulation under endogenous respiration conditions in the second reactor.
The self‐sputtered contribution to the lunar exosphere

The lunar exosphere is produced by a combination of processes including thermal desorption, micrometeoroid bombardment, internal gas release, photon‐stimulated desorption, and charged‐particle sputtering. Here we investigate an additional mechanism not previously considered for the Moon, namely the role that newly born ions from the exosphere itself play in sputtering additional neutrals from the lunar surface, known as self‐sputtering. Our calculations suggest that this process may sputter neutrals into the lunar exosphere at a rate equal to or greater than charged‐particle sputtering due to passage through the Earth's plasma sheet when spatially averaged over the lunar dayside, while locally, self‐sputtering may equal or exceed solar wind charged‐particle sputtering and micrometeoroid bombardment. We use known or modeled densities and distributions of exospheric neutrals, laboratory‐derived values for the photoionization rates and neutral sputtering yields, and knowledge of the ambient electromagnetic environment at the Moon to derive estimates of the self‐sputtered neutral flux. We present the spatial variation of the self‐sputtered neutral flux and discuss the implications thereof.
RETRACTED ARTICLE: Safety and effectiveness of high-dose methotrexate (over 8 mg/week) in 2838 Japanese patients with rheumatoid arthritis: A postmarketing surveillance report

Objectives: To confirm the safety and effectiveness of high-dose (>8mg/week) methotrexate (MTX) for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis in Japan. Methods: A postmarketing surveillance program enrolled Japanese patients with rheumatoid arthritis starting on high-dose MTX followed up for either 24or 52-weeks. Analyses for safety, risk factors affecting safety, and effectiveness were conducted. Results: The safety/effectiveness analysis sets included 2838/2779 and 335/326 patients in the 24weeks and 52-weeks follow-up groups, respectively. Incidence rates of adverse drug reactions (ADRs) and serious ADRs were 21.42% and 1.66% in the 24-weeks, and 35.52% and 2.69% in the 52-weeks groups, respectively. The Disease Activity Score in 28 Joints (DAS28) was significantly decreased as early as four weeks from the start of high-dose MTX; after 24-weeks (4.09–3.21) and 52-weeks of treatment (3.91–2.80; both p< .001). In a majority of patients at baseline who had high-to-moderate disease activity, the remission rate (defined as DAS< 2.6) increased three-fold from 10.6% (baseline) to 33.0% (24-weeks) compared to patients with low disease activity whose remission rate increased two-fold from 24.0% (baseline) to 53.6% (24-weeks). Conclusions: High-dose MTX was well tolerated in Japanese patients, resulted in improved disease control, and can be considered a step forward in achieving treat-to-target goals. ARTICLE HISTORY Received 16 December 2016 Accepted 7 March 2017
Antitumor effects of bisphosphonates

Bisphosphonates are widely used to treat skeletal complications of malignancy. These drugs accumulate in bone where they inhibit osteoclastic bone resorption and reduce the local release of factors that stimulate tumor growth. The mechanism of action of bisphosphonates is dependent on chemical structure: Nonnitrogen‐containing compounds (e.g., etidronate, clodronate) are metabolized into cytotoxic analogues of ATP, whereas the more potent nitrogen‐containing compounds (N‐BPs; e.g., pamidronate, ibandronate, zoledronic acid) inhibit protein prenylation, thus affecting cell function and survival. Because protein prenylation is required by all cells, not just osteoclasts, the possibility arises that N‐BPs could also affect the viability of tumor cells.
Randomized double-blind assessment of the ONSET and OFFSET of the antiplatelet effects of Ticagrelor versus Clopidogrel in patients with stable coronary artery disease. The ONSET/OFFSET study.

Ticagrelor (formerly AZD 6140) is an oral, reversible, direct-acting inhibitor of the adenosine diphosphate receptor P2Y12 that has a more rapid onset and more pronounced platelet inhibition than clopidogrel according to the laboratory tests. Although the clinical efficacy of ticagrelor has been studied extensively in PLATO, a comprehensive characterization of its antiplatelet onset and offset effect profile in a statistically powered comparison with clopidogrel has not been conducted in patients with coronary artery disease (CAD). Moreover, ticagrelor has not been compared with high-loading-dose clopidogrel in patients. Therefore, the present study was designed to determine the onset and offset of the antiplatelet effect of ticagrelor with the PLATO trial dose compared with high-loading-dose clopidogrel and placebo in stable CAD patients given background aspirin therapy. ❑
Effects of microgeometry and surface relaxation on NMR pulsed-field-gradient experiments: Simple pore geometries.

We derive an expression for the magnetization M(k,\ensuremath{\Delta}) in a pulsed-field-gradient experiment for spins diffusing in a confined space with relaxation at the pore walls. Here k=\ensuremath{\gamma}\ensuremath{\delta}g, \ensuremath{\delta}= pulse width, g= gradient strength, \ensuremath{\gamma}= the gyromagnetic ratio, and \ensuremath{\Delta} is the time between gradient pulses. We show that the deviation of -ln[M(k,\ensuremath{\Delta})/M(0,\ensuremath{\Delta})] from quadratic behavior in k in experiments in porous media can be a more sensitive probe of the microgeometry (size, connectivity, size distribution, shape, etc.), than either the enhancement of 1/${\mathit{T}}_{1}$ over the bulk water value, or the macroscopic diffusion coefficient, which is derived from the slope of -ln[M(k,\ensuremath{\Delta})/M(0,\ensuremath{\Delta})] at small ${\mathit{k}}^{2}$, in the limit of large \ensuremath{\Delta}. We propose some simple models of randomly oriented tubes and sheets to interpret the k dependence of the amplitude beyond the leading small-k quadratic behavior. When the macroscopic diffusion coefficient is unobtainable, due to the decay, the present considerations should be useful in extracting geometrical information. The effective diffusion constant derived from NMR exactly equals that derived from electrical conductivity only when the surface relaxivity is zero, but can be close to each other in favorable circumstances even for finite surface relaxivity. Exact solutions with partially absorbing boundary conditions are obtained for a slab and a sphere to infer that the normalized amplitude M(k,\ensuremath{\Delta},\ensuremath{\rho})/M(0,\ensuremath{\Delta},\ensuremath{\rho}) depends only weakly on the surface relaxivity \ensuremath{\rho} for monodisperse convex-shaped pores in the parameter ranges of interest. We also obtain expressions for the mean lifetime of the amplitude in the geometries considered.
Controlled trial of the short- and long-term effect of psychological treatment of post-partum depression

Background Postnatal depression is associated with adverse child cognitive and socio-emotional outcome. It is not known whether psychological treatment affects the quality of the mother–child relationship and child outcome. Aims To evaluate the effect of three psychological treatments on the mother–child relationship and child outcome. Method Women with post-partum depression (n=193) were assigned randomly to routine primary care, non-directive counselling, cognitive–behavioural therapy or psychodynamic therapy. The women and their children were assessed at 4.5, 18 and 60 months post-partum. Results Indications of a positive benefit were limited. All three treatments had a significant benefit on maternal reports of early difficulties in relationships with the infants; counselling gave better infant emotional and behaviour ratings at 18 months and more sensitive early mother–infant interactions. The treatments had no significant impact on maternal management of early infant behaviour problems, security of infant–mother attachment, infant cognitive development or any child outcome at 5 years. Conclusions Early intervention was of short-term benefit to the mother–child relationship and infant behaviour problems. More-prolonged intervention may be needed. Health visitors could deliver this.
Control algorithm design and implementation for a bidirectional PWM boost rectifier

The aim of this paper is the design and implementation of the control algorithm of a PWM boost rectifier capable to handle bidirectional energy flow. For this goal, the boost rectifier control loops must be tuned for the proper operation of absorbing active power from the power grid and transfer it to the dc load at constant output voltage, and also to give the rectifier the ability to generate back to the power grid the energy intake from the dc-link, using the dc-link capacitor as intermediary energy tank. It will be proved that the transition between rectifier operation and inverter operation is done automatically, without the intervention of the human operator or of a specially designed system. The correct implementation and tuning of the control algorithm was validated on a complete Matlab Simulink model which includes in detail all the sections of the rectifier system. The results obtained by simulation proved the correct answer of the tuned dc-link voltage controller and the overall operation of the system for a step changing active load. Because the boost rectifier control algorithm is similar to shunt active filters control algorithm, the indirect current control approach was adopted, which is the most suitable for this purpose.
The Unfolded Protein Response and Integrated Stress Response to Anoxia

The lack of oxygen delivery to tumor cells has profound consequences for tumor growth and correlates with poor prognosis. Some tumors contain regions of very severe hypoxia called anoxia, which constitutes a functionally different state to hypoxia. In response to anoxia, mammalian cells induce coordinated cytoprotective programs that are critical for tumor survival: the unfolded protein response and integrated stress response. Therefore, targeting additional components of anoxic pathways, besides the hypoxia-inducible response, may be effective for future anticancer therapies.
Interchangeability of Haemophilus influenzae type b vaccines in the primary series: evaluation of a two-dose mixed regimen.

OBJECTIVE To evaluate two- or three-dose "mixed" regimens of Haemophilus influenzae type b conjugate vaccines in the priming series. DESIGN Two randomized clinical trials with 140 and 181 infants, respectively. SETTING Private practices in New Orleans and Chicago. METHODS In trial I, infants received one of four regimens. Two were recommended regimens for polyribosylribitol phosphate (PRP)-meningococcal protein conjugate (M) and PRP-tetanus toxoid conjugate (T). Two mixed regimens consisted of M at 2 months followed by two doses of T or PRP-diphtheria toxoid conjugate (D) at 4 and 6 months. Trial II consisted of three groups. Two were recommended regimens for M and T. The third was a two-dose mixed regimen consisting of M at 2 months and T at 4 months. Parents were interviewed and instructed to record side effects after each vaccination. Serum was assayed for H influenzae type b anticapsular antibody (anti-PRP). RESULTS Minor differences in safety profiles likely reflected alpha error. In trial I, M (lot 0884T, one of several known to have had decreased immunogenicity), probably primed for substantial increase in serum antibody when D or T was given at 4 and 6 months. In trial II, infants who received the two-dose mixed regimen (M from immunogenic lot 0116W at 2 months and T at 4 months) had a significantly higher mean area under the curve than recipients of the three-dose TTT regimen when antibody concentration was plotted against age, although the geometric mean anti-PRP antibody concentration for the MT-recipients was significantly lower at 7 months. CONCLUSIONS M used in trial I may have primed infants despite poor immunogenicity. The two-dose mixed regimen (MT-) in trial II produced a mean anti-PRP antibody concentration with higher sustained anti-PRP concentrations from 2 to 7 months, as judged by the area under the curve, but a lower mean anti-PRP antibody concentration at 7 months.