Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Etiologic Subtypes, Risk Factors And Outcome Of Acute Ischemic Stroke With Young Patients

Ad dress for Cor res pon den ce/Ya z›fl ma Ad re si: Mine Hayriye Sorgun MD, Ankara University School of Medicine, İbni Sina Hospital, Department of Neurology, Ankara, Turkey Phone: +90 543 890 09 34 E-mail: drmsorgun79@yahoo.com. tr Re cei ved/Ge lifl Ta ri hi: 10.08. 2015 Ac cep ted/Ka bul Ta ri hi: 20.10. 2015 Objective: Stroke in people aged less than 45 years is less frequent than in older patients, but has major impacts on both the individual and society. The aim of this study was to determine the etiologic subtypes of acute ischemic stroke in the young. Materials and Methods: We reviewed the hospital records of 619 patients who were admitted with acute ischemic stroke between January 2011 and November 2014. Acute ischemic stroke in the young was defined as patients aged 45 years and under. Demographic data, the National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) scores at admission and detailed investigations aimed at determining etiologic cause were recorded. Etiologic stroke subtypes were determined using the automated Causative Classification System. Modified Rankin Scale (mRS) scores were recorded in the follow-up. Results: There were 32 (5.2%) young patients with acute ischemic stroke. The rates of hypertension, diabetes mellitus, atrial fibrillation, and coronary artery disease were significantly lower in young patients compared with patients aged more than 45 years (p<0.05). The mean NIHSS score at admission and hospital mortality was significantly lower in patients aged 45 years and under compared with those older than 45 years (p=0.006, p=0.043). Cardioaortic embolism was the most common etiologic stroke subtype in both groups. Other causes were significantly more frequent in the young acute ischemic stroke group compared with the older patients. The median follow-up mRS was significantly lower in patients aged 45 years and under compared with those older than 45 years (p<0.001). Conclusion: Young patients with ischemic stroke have different risk factors, stroke etiology, stroke severity and prognosis compared with patients older than 45 years with the same condition.
Biological Perspectives on Language

Section I takes up issues at the interface of linguistics and neurology: The Concept of a Mental Organ for Language; Neural Mechanisms, Aphasia, and Theories of Language; Brain-based and Non-brain-based Models of Language; Vocal Learning and Its Relation to Replaceable Synapses and Neurons. Section II presents linguistic and psycholinguistic issues: Aspects of Infant Competence and the Acquisition of Language; the Linguistic Analysis of Aphasic Syndromes; the Clinical Description of Aphasia (Linguistic Aspects); The Psycholinguistic Interpretation of Aphasias; The Organization of Processing Structure for Language Production; and The Neuropsychology of Bilingualism. Section III deals with neural issues: Where is the Speech Area and Who has Seen It? Determinants of Recovery from Aphasia; Anatomy of Language; Lessons from Comparative Anatomy; Event Related Potentials and Language; Neural Models and Very Little About Language. The book is in the series, Studies in Neuropsychology and Neurolinguistics.
(E)-N′-(4-Benz­yloxy-3-methoxy­benzyl­idene)isonicotinohydrazide

The title compound, C21H19N3O3, was prepared by the reaction of 4-benz­yloxy-3-methoxy­benzaldehyde and isonicotinohydrazide. The vanillin group makes dihedral angles of 27.88 (7) and 58.94 (6)° with the planes of the pyridine and phenyl rings, respectively. A weak inter­molecular C—H⋯N hydrogen bond helps to consolidate the crystal packing.
O significado do cuidado perioperatório para a criança cirúrgica

The objective of this study was to understand the meaning of perioperatory care for surgical child. It is a qualitative research, in a mode structure of the situated phenomenon, conducted in a general hospital at the North Region of Parana State, with 10 children from seven to 11 years, who were submitted to surgical procedures for the first time, during the months of January to August 2009. Data collection was performed with semistructured interviews. The results were grouped into four categories: received orientations, procedures undertaken, surgical child’s feelings, and the meaning of care and selfcare. With this analysis we conclude that to care means to teach and to do technical procedures adequated to their age, ensuring the right of permanence of their family and including ludic activities. It is reinforced the need for nurses to present themselves in a more visible way to the child. Descriptors: Perioperative Nursing; Child, Hospitalized; Qualitative Research.
Toekomstprojecties van het zorggebruik en de kosten van astma en COPD in Nederland

OBJECTIVE: To determine the health-care utilisation and associated costs for asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) in the Netherlands for the year 2000 and to estimate future costs by means of projections. DESIGN: Descriptive and explorative. METHOD: The costs were based on data regarding resource use in 2000 obtained from representative national registries and surveys. The costs were specified by gender and age category and for COPD also by severity. Three projections for the costs of asthma and COPD were made by means of prevalence projections: first assuming constant resource use and constant prices, second assuming asthma- and COPD-specific trends in the costs for hospital care (asthma, -4.7% and COPD, -4.1% per year) and medication (+4.9% per year), and third by adding general trends for the remaining types of care. RESULTS: Total costs for the year 2000 for asthma (452,000 patients) and COPD (306,000 patients) were estimated to be 141 and 280 million Euros, amounting to 313 en 915 Euros per patient or 9 and 18 Euros per inhabitant, respectively. Projections of total prevalence for the year 2025 varied between 478,000 and 568,000 patients for asthma and between 479,000 and 494,000 patients for COPD. Assuming constant resource use and prices, the costs in 2025 were projected to increase to amounts between 167 and 181 million Euros for asthma and 443 and 495 million Euros for COPD. Projections including the estimated trends in costs for hospital care, medication and the costs for other types of care predicted a sharper increase. CONCLUSION: Costs for asthma and COPD together (421 million Euros) amounted to 1.3% of the total Dutch health-care budget in 2000. Almost 70% of these costs were for COPD. Projections for 2025 showed that the costs for COPD will increase more than the costs for asthma.
Impaired endothelium-mediated cerebrovascular reactivity promotes anxiety and respiration disorders in mice

Significance The ability of blood vessels to respond to endogenous and exogenous stimuli is of high importance. Several diseases lead to an impairment of vascular reactivity, especially in the brain. Here, we show that the functional consequences of impaired cerebrovascular reactivity differ between brain areas and depend on whether vessels constrict or dilate as a response to CO2. A loss of vascular reactivity to carbon dioxide induces anxiety and changes respiration, even at a basal state. Area-specific vascular responses can be explained by characteristic gene expression patterns and release of vasoactive mediators. Carbon dioxide (CO2), the major product of metabolism, has a strong impact on cerebral blood vessels, a phenomenon known as cerebrovascular reactivity. Several vascular risk factors such as hypertension or diabetes dampen this response, making cerebrovascular reactivity a useful diagnostic marker for incipient vascular pathology, but its functional relevance, if any, is still unclear. Here, we found that GPR4, an endothelial H+ receptor, and endothelial Gαq/11 proteins mediate the CO2/H+ effect on cerebrovascular reactivity in mice. CO2/H+ leads to constriction of vessels in the brainstem area that controls respiration. The consequential washout of CO2, if cerebrovascular reactivity is impaired, reduces respiration. In contrast, CO2 dilates vessels in other brain areas such as the amygdala. Hence, an impaired cerebrovascular reactivity amplifies the CO2 effect on anxiety. Even at atmospheric CO2 concentrations, impaired cerebrovascular reactivity caused longer apneic episodes and more anxiety, indicating that cerebrovascular reactivity is essential for normal brain function. The site-specific reactivity of vessels to CO2 is reflected by regional differences in their gene expression and the release of vasoactive factors from endothelial cells. Our data suggest the central nervous system (CNS) endothelium as a target to treat respiratory and affective disorders associated with vascular diseases.
Influence of Faster and Slower Recovery-Profile Classifications, Self-Reported Sleep, Acute Training Load, and Phase of the Microcycle on Perceived Recovery in Futsal Players.

PURPOSE To determine whether daily perceived recovery is explained from a multifactorial single-session classification of recovery (ie, faster vs slower) or other circumstantial factors (ie, previous training load, self-reported sleep, or phase of the microcycle). METHODS Nineteen elite male futsal players were initially allocated to a recovery-classification group (faster recovery, slower physiological, or slower perceptual) based on previous research using a multifactorial cluster-analysis technique. During 4 ensuing weeks of preseason, training loads were monitored via player load, training impulse, and session rating of perceived exertion. Before each day's training, players reported their perception of recovery (Total Quality of Recovery scale [TQR]) and the number of hours and perceived quality of sleep the night prior. A hierarchical linear mixed model was used to analyze the effect of the different recovery profiles, training load, sleep, and phase of the microcycle (ie, start, middle, end) on daily TQR. RESULTS The recovery classification of players (P = .20), training load (training impulse, P = .32; player load, P = .23; session rating of perceived exertion, P = .46), and self-reported hours slept the night before (P = .45) did not significantly influence TQR. However, perceived sleep quality (P < .01) and phase of the microcycle (P < .01) were significantly associated with TQR (r2 = .41). CONCLUSIONS Neither recovery classification nor prior training load influenced perceived recovery during the preseason. However, higher TQR was evident with better self-reported sleep quality, whereas lower values were associated with phases of the training week.
Erectile dysfunction and associated risk factors in male patients with ischemic stroke

Abstract Patients with ischemic stroke (IS) often suffered from the problem of erectile dysfunction (ED) and psychological disease. However, they are often ignored because these symptoms are more obvious in the convalescent stage of stroke, which affects the quality of sexual life of patients. This study aimed to investigate the incidence of ED, sexual quality of life, and mental state of patients after stroke, as well as analyze the relevant risk factors affecting their psychological status. A total of 361 IS patients were enrolled. The international erectile function index-5 scale was used to diagnose ED. Accordingly, the patients were divided into ED group and non-ED group. Magnetic resonance imaging was used to evaluate the brain lesions of patients. We assessed neurological deficits by the National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale score and patient health questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9) and general anxiety disorder-7 (GAD-7) were used to evaluate the depression and anxiety. The differences between the ED group and the non-ED group clinical factors were compared. The response rate was 88.6% (n = 320), and more than two-thirds of patients reported ED (77.8%). Patients with ED had higher PHQ-9 (8.40 ± 4.18 vs 4.94 ± 3.73, P < .01) and GAD-7 (6.73 ± 3.56 vs 4.51 ± 3.35, P < .01) scores, were more likely to have the frontal lobe (75.1% vs 49.3%, P < .01) and lateral ventricle (69.8% vs 53.5%, P = .01) lesions, with hypertension (75.1% vs 46.5%, P < .01) and hyperlipidemia (48.2% vs 25.4%), and on antihypertensive (67.9% vs 35.25, P < .01) and hypolipidemic drug (43.4% vs 16.9%, P < .01). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that antihypertensive drug (odds ratio [OR]: 2.50, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.02–6.10, P = .04), depression (OR: 1.18, 95% CI: 1.06–1.32, P < .01) and anxiety (OR: 1.13, 95% CI: 1.01–1.27, P = .04) might be the independent risk factors for ED group. ED is more common in male IS patients. Antihypertensive drug, depression and anxiety are the main factors affecting ED.
Effect of Temperature on the Absolute and Discrimination Thresholds of Voltage on Electrovibration Tactile Display

Multi-dimensions tactile displays, such as thermal and texture display, are desirable for enhancing perception while users experience virtual shopping such as touching a garment in virtual reality. Understanding the effect of one dimension on the other is fundamental for design of multi-dimensions tactile display. In this article, we report the effect of temperature on thresholds of voltage applied on an electrovibration tactile display. Three temperatures of the electrovibration tactile display at 18°C (cold), 30°C (neutral) and 38°C (warm) were considered in two experiments. In Experiment I, we measured the absolute thresholds of square wave voltage with 25 Hz, 140 Hz and 485 Hz. In Experiment II, we measured the amplitude discrimination thresholds of same voltage signals as in Experiment I. The results show that the absolute thresholds differed significantly between 18°C and 38°C for all the three frequencies. No significant difference in the absolute threshold was found between 18°C and 30°C, except for the 485 Hz voltage. The amplitude discrimination thresholds were essentially constant except for that of the 485 Hz voltage at 18°C, which were 17.11 Vpp and 16.86 Vpp larger than those at 30°C and 38°C, respectively.
Robust Interbeat Interval and Heart Rate Variability Estimation Method From Various Morphological Features Using Wearable Sensors

We introduce a novel approach for robust estimation of physiological parameters such as interbeat interval (IBI) and heart rate variability (HRV) from cardiac signals captured with wearable sensors in the presence of motion artifacts. Motion artifact due to physical exercise is known as a major source of noise that contributes to a significant decline in the performance of IBI and HRV estimation techniques for cardiac monitoring in free-living environments. Therefore, developing robust estimation algorithms is essential for utilization of wearable sensors in daily life situations. The proposed approach includes two algorithmic components. First, we propose a combinatorial technique to select characteristic points that define heartbeats in noisy signals in time domain. The heartbeat detection problem is defined as a shortest path search problem on a direct acyclic graph that leverages morphological features of the cardiac signals by taking advantage of the time-continuity of heartbeats – each heartbeat ends with the starting point of the next heartbeat. The graph is constructed with vertices and edges representing candidate morphological features and IBIs, respectively. Second, we propose a fusion technique to combine physiological parameters estimated from different morphological features using the shortest path algorithm to obtain more accurate IBI/HRV estimations. We evaluate our techniques on motion-corrupted photoplethysmogram and electrocardiogram signals. Our results indicate that the estimated IBIs are highly correlated with the ground truth (r = 0.89) and detected HRV parameters indicate high correlation with the true HRV parameters. Furthermore, our findings demonstrate that the developed fusion technique, which utilizes different morphological features, achieves a correlation coefficient that is at least 3% higher than that obtained using single physiological characteristic.
Complete Genome Sequences of Streptococcus mitis Strains Isolated from the Oral Cavity and Urogenital Tract of a Woman and Her Male Sexual Partner

Streptococcus mitis is a member of the mitis group of the genus Streptococcus, which includes commensal species of the oral cavity and upper respiratory tract. Here, we report 39 complete genome sequences of S. mitis strains isolated from the oral cavity and urogenital tract of a woman and her male sexual partner. ABSTRACT Streptococcus mitis is a member of the mitis group of the genus Streptococcus, which includes commensal species of the oral cavity and upper respiratory tract. Here, we report 39 complete genome sequences of S. mitis strains isolated from the oral cavity and urogenital tract of a woman and her male sexual partner.
An Open Trial to Test Participant Satisfaction With and Feasibility of a Computerized Intervention for Women Veterans With Sexual Trauma Histories Seeking Primary Care Treatment

Sexual trauma is prevalent among women veterans and associated with health risks including hazardous drinking, intimate partner violence (IPV), and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Safe and Healthy Experiences (SHE) is a computerized intervention to reduce these health risks. SHE was pilot tested in an open trial (N = 20) with women veterans with a history of sexual trauma and associated health risks. Women reported high satisfaction with the intervention and computerized delivery and they evidenced reductions in hazardous drinking, IPV, and PTSD at 4 months. SHE appears to be satisfactory, feasible, and potentially beneficial to women veterans.
Cost-utility analysis of de-escalating biological disease-modifying anti-rheumatic drugs in patients with rheumatoid arthritis

Objective Recent guideline updates have suggested de-escalating DMARDs when patients with rheumatoid arthritis achieve remission or low disease activity. We aim to evaluate whether it is cost-effective to de-escalate the biological form of DMARDs (bDMARDs). Methods Using a Markov model, we performed a cost-utility analysis for RA patients on bDMARD treatment. We compared continuing treatment (standard care) to a tapering approach (i.e., an immediate 50% dose reduction), withdrawal (i.e., an immediate 100% dose reduction) and tapering followed by withdrawal of bDMARDs. The parametrization is based on a comprehensive literature review. Results were computed for 30 years with a cycle length of three months. We applied the payer’s perspective for Germany and conducted deterministic and probabilistic sensitivity analyses. Results Tapering or withdrawing bDMARD treatment resulted in ICERs of €526,254 (incr. costs -78,845, incr. QALYs -0.1498) or €216,879 (incr. costs -€121,691, incr. QALYs -0.5611) compared to standard care. Tapering followed by withdrawal resulted in a loss of 0.4354 QALYs and savings of €107,969 per patient, with an ICER of €247,987. Deterministic sensitivity analysis revealed that our results remained largely unaffected by parameter changes. Probabilistic sensitivity analysis suggests that tapering, withdrawal and tapering followed by withdrawal were dominant in 39.8%, 28.2% and 29.0% of 10,000 iterations. Conclusion Our findings suggest that de-escalating bDMARDs in patients with RA may result in high cost savings but also a decrease in quality of life compared to standard care. If decision makers choose to implement de-escalation in daily practice, our results suggest the tapering approach.
Effects of dietary supplementation with a microalga (Schizochytrium sp.) on the hemato-immunological, and intestinal histological parameters and gut microbiota of Nile tilapia in net cages

Nutritional improvements in intensive aquaculture production systems is necessary for the reduction of stress, maximum utilization of nutritional components, and expression of the genetic potential of fish. The objective of this study was to evaluate the hemato-immunological, and histological parameters and gut microbiota of Nile tilapia fed with the microalga Schizochytrium sp. Males of Nile tilapia were distributed among eight net cages (6 m3), and fed for 105 days with two diets: control (CON), without Schizochytrium sp. , and supplemented (SUP), with 1.2% Schizochytrium sp. in the diet. The final weight, mortality, hematocrit, total erythrocyte count (RBC), hemoglobin, hematimetric indices, white blood cell count (WBC), total protein, and serum lysozyme were measured. Alterations in intestinal morphology were evaluated. The gut microbiota was evaluated with next-generation sequencing. No significant differences (p>0.05) were found in the final weight and mortality between diets. Regarding the hematological parameters, a difference (p<0.05) was detected only in RBC, with there being lower values in the SUP, although this group also showed a tendency toward having an increased mean corpuscular hemoglobin level. There were no differences (p>0.05) in total protein and serum lysozyme concentrations or in WBCs between diets, except for lymphocytes, which presented lower values (p<0.05) in the SUP, suggesting immunomodulation by the polyunsaturated fatty acids present in the microalga. There was no difference (p>0.05) in the intestinal morphology between diets. Metagenomic data indicated greater richness (represented by the Chao index) and a higher abundance of the bacterial phylum Firmicutes in the gut microbiota of the tilapia fed with the SUP diet, demonstrating that the digestion and use of the components of the microalga could influence the microbial community. The results indicated that the microalga had modulatory effects on blood cells and the intestinal microbiota, without affecting the structure and integrity of the intestinal villi.
Complete Genome Sequence of Stenotrophomonas Phage Mendera

Stenotrophomonas maltophilia is an emerging opportunistic human pathogen. In this report, we describe the isolation and genomic annotation of the S. maltophilia-infecting bacteriophage Mendera. A myophage of 159,961 base pairs, Mendera is T4-like and related most closely to Stenotrophomonas phage IME-SM1. ABSTRACT Stenotrophomonas maltophilia is an emerging opportunistic human pathogen. In this report, we describe the isolation and genomic annotation of the S. maltophilia-infecting bacteriophage Mendera. A myophage of 159,961 base pairs, Mendera is T4-like and related most closely to Stenotrophomonas phage IME-SM1.