Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Stakeholders’ Recount on the Dynamics of Indonesia’s Renewable Energy Sector

The study described in this paper uses direct evidence from processes applied for the developing economy of Indonesia, as it defines the trajectory for its future energy policy and energy research agenda. The paper addresses the research gap to make explicit the process undertaken by key stakeholders in assessing and determining the suitability, feasibility, and dynamics of the renewable energy sector. Barriers and enablers that are key in selecting the most suitable renewable energy sources for developing economies for the renewable energy development have been identified from extensive analyses of research documents alongside qualitative data from the Focus Group Discussions (FGD). The selected FGD participants encompass the collective views that cut across the political, economic, social, technological, legal, and environmental aspects of renewable energy development in Indonesia. The information gained from the FGD gives insights into the outlook and challenges that are central to energy transition within the country, alongside the perceptions of renewable energy development from the influential stakeholders contributing to the process. It is notable that the biggest barriers to transition are centred on planning and implementation aspects, as it is also evident that many in the community do not adhere to the same vision.
Pyridoxine and Its Biological Functions in Fish: Current Knowledge and Perspectives in Aquaculture

Abstract The prominent functional versatility of pyridoxine makes it an essential dietary nutrient for aquatic animals. Ample investigations have been undertaken to determine the optimum levels of dietary pyridoxine for different commercial fish species. Available literature suggests that the pyridoxine requirement of animals, including fish, varies greatly depending on the dietary protein intake. The present review recapitulates the existing knowledge on the extensive range of physiological functions of pyridoxine, which includes its central role in the metabolism of various biomolecules including proteins, lipids, and nucleic acids, regulation of immune responses, biosynthesis of different neurotransmitters and porphyrins/heme. The antioxidant property of pyridoxine offers tremendous health benefits in different animals. The prospective role of pyridoxine as a stress mitigator forced to recommend high dose pyridoxine as an ‘anti-stress strategy’ in different animals, including fish. The potential of pyridoxine to enhance thermal tolerance and cold adaptation in fish is also highlighted in this review. Future studies are still necessary to unravel the exact mechanism by which pyridoxine potentiates thermal tolerance in aquatic animals. Further, the investigations on the optimum requirement of pyridoxine in many aquaculture candidate species are still missing, and this needs to be explored in the future.
Application of indices for assessing the ecological potential of urban development@@@Indeksų taikymas vertinant miesto plėtros ekologines galimybes

* Corresponding author. E-mail: mindaugas.staniunas@vgtu.lt Nowadays, the ecological evaluation of urban development has become compulsory, and a number of environmental indices have been introduced. In the present study, two most common environmental sustainability indices – ecological footprint and environmental sustainability – were applied for measuring the ecological possibilities of urban development. Moreover, the issues of the measuring principles, their disparities and direct application are discussed, and a short comparison of the indices is presented. Also, a favourable assumption is proposed.
A Review 'Clean Labeling': Applications of Natural Ingredients in Bakery Products

Clean labeling has been a trend and the term “clear label” incorporates the concept of transparency. Thus, this review aims to search in the literature for a better way to extend the shelf life of bread by using ecologically preservation techniques as alternatives to chemical additives. In spite of modern advances in technology, the preservation of foods is still a debated issue, not only for developing countries but also for the industrialized world. There is a increased interest in biopreservation, aiming to extend the shelf life and enhancing food safety by using natural microbiota and/or antimicrobial compounds. The use of natural preservatives would enable bakeries to market the ‘clean label’ or ‘label friendly’ products. Thus, the free-from trend leads the bakery industry to reconsider the traditional preservation methods and replace chemical preservatives with natural alternatives to guarantee the clean label. This process is based on the tendency in dairy category, which coincide with manufactures that incorporate no artificial/all natural/GMO free/BPA free claims on products. In this sense, consumer awareness of food ingredients and the desire for simple, natural foods have forced food manufacturers to develop products with a clean label appeal. It is therefore critical to consider the implications of developing a clean-label product, taking into account the effects such a change may have on sensory quality and microbiological control, while also maintaining regulatory compliance.
Seismic Hazard Analyses From Geologic and Geomorphic Data: Current and Future Challenges

The loss of life and economic consequences caused by several recent earthquakes demonstrate the importance of developing seismically safe building codes. The quantification of seismic hazard, which describes the likelihood of earthquake‐induced ground shaking at a site for a specific time period, is a key component of a building code, as it helps ensure that structures are designed to withstand the ground shaking caused by a potential earthquake. Geologic or geomorphic data represent important inputs to the most common seismic hazard model (probabilistic seismic hazard analyses, or PSHAs), as they can characterize the magnitudes, locations, and types of earthquakes that occur over long intervals (thousands of years). However, several recent earthquakes and a growing body of work challenge many of our previous assumptions about the characteristics of active faults and their rupture behavior, and these complexities can be challenging to accurately represent in PSHA. Here, we discuss several of the outstanding challenges surrounding geologic and geomorphic data sets frequently used in PSHA. The topics we discuss include how to utilize paleoseismic records in fault slip rate estimates, understanding and modeling earthquake recurrence and fault complexity, the development and use of fault‐scaling relationships, and characterizing enigmatic faults using topography. Making headway in these areas will likely require advancements in our understanding of the fundamental science behind processes such as fault triggering, complex rupture, earthquake clustering, and fault scaling. Progress in these topics will be important if we wish to accurately capture earthquake behavior in a variety of settings using PSHA in the future.
Methodological concerns and their solutions in third-age language learning studies

With the average life expectancy in especially developed countries steadily increasing, healthy ageing is prioritised on the research agenda. Various studies have looked into bilingualism as a possible anti-ageing tool to delay the onset of symptoms of degenerative diseases like Alzheimer’s, with as perhaps the most promising recent line of work intervention studies that introduce bilingual experiences to seniors in the form of foreign language courses meant to induce a protective effect on cognitive decline. Unfortunately, the scant studies available have not found convincing results, most likely due to several pitfalls in their designs, one of the most important being that method of instruction is rarely specified or controlled for. In this paper, we identify methodological concerns that need to be addressed when conducting experimental work related to third-age language learning, resulting in a research agenda for third-age language learning studies.
Identification of uterine pacemaker regions at the myometrial-placental interface

Coordinated uterine contractions at the end of gestation are essential for delivering viable offspring in mammals. Contractions are initiated by an electrical signal at the plasma membrane of uterine muscle cells, leading to voltage-dependent calcium entry, and subsequent activation of the intracellular contractile machinery. In contrast to other visceral smooth muscles, it is not known where excitation within the uterus is initiated, and no defined pacemaking region has hitherto been identified. Using a combination of multi-electrode array recordings and high-resolution computational reconstruction of the three-dimensional micro-structure of late pregnant rat uterus, we demonstrate that electrical potentials are initiated in distinct structures within the placental bed of individual implantation sites. These previously unidentified structures represent modified smooth muscle bundles that are derived from bridges between the longitudinal and circular layers. Coordinated implantation and encapsulation by invading trophoblast give rise to isolated placental/myometrial interface bundles that directly connect to the overlying longitudinal smooth muscle layer. Furthermore, the numerous bridge structures co-localise with the vascular network located between the longitudinal and circular layers. Taken together, these observations imply that the anatomical structure of the uterus, combined with site-specific implantation, gives rise to emergent patterns of electrical activity that drive effective contractility during parturition. The identification of the pacemaking zones of the uterus has important consequences for the treatment of disorders of parturition such as preterm labor, postpartum hemorrhage and uterine dystocia.
The Na/K-ATPase Signaling Regulates Natriuresis in Renal Proximal Tubule

For decades, the Na/K-ATPase has been proposed and recognized as one of the targets for the regulation of renal salt handling. While direct inhibition of the Na/K-ATPase ion transport activity and sodium reabsorption was the focus, the underlying mechanism is not well understood since decreases in basolateral Na/K-ATPase activity alone do not appear sufficient to decrease net sodium reabsorption across the renal tubular epithelium. The newly appreciated signaling function of Na/K-ATPase, which can be regulated by Na/K-ATPase ligands (cardiotonic steroids (CTS)) and reactive oxygen species (ROS), has been widely confirmed and provides a mechanistic framework for natriuresis regulation in renal proximal tubule (RPT). The focus of this review aims to understand, in renal proximal tubule, how the activation of Na/K-ATPase signaling function, either by CTS or ROS, stimulates a coordinated reduction of cell surface Na/K-ATPase and sodium/hydrogen exchanger isoform 3 (NHE3) that leads to ultimately decreases in net transcellular sodium transport/reabsorption.
Pastoralists and peasants: perspectives on agrarian change

ABSTRACT For many years, studies of peasants and pastoralists have run in parallel, creating mutual blind-spots. This article argues that, despite contrasting research traditions and conceptual framings, there are many commonalities. The classic problematics of agrarian studies – around production, accumulation and politics – apply as much to pastoralists as they do to peasants. Processes of social differentiation and class formation, the role of wage labour and questions around mobilisation and politics are consistently relevant. However, a reflection on a large literature on pastoralism across nine world regions reveals that there are nevertheless some important contrasts with classic representations of a settled peasantry. These are: living with and off uncertainty; mobility to respond to variability; flexible land control and new forms of tenure; dynamic social formations; collective social relations for a new moral economy; engaging with complex markets and a new politics for a transforming world. The article concludes by arguing that, under contemporary conditions, these are all important for understanding settled agrarian systems too, as today pastoralists and peasants face many of the same challenges. These seven themes, the article argues, offer a new set of lenses for examining pastoral and peasant settings alike, helping to expand perspectives in agrarian studies.
Análise da Dissociação entre as Proteínas H-2 de Classe I e Epítopos da Extensão COOH-Terminal da CPB de Leishmania (L.) amazonensis

New strategies to control Leishmania spp disease demand an extensive knowledge about several aspects of the infection and an understanding of its molecular events. One of the essential aspects of the Leishmania infection is capacity of peptides derived from cysteine-proteinase type B (CPB) to bind the cleft of the MHC (Major histocompatibility complex ) Class I. It has been proposed that during intracellular life stage of the parasite, interactions occur between fragments from COOH-terminal region of CPB and immune system of the vertebrate host, specifically with MHC class I proteins. In murine models, CPB from Leishmania amazonensis promotes regulation of immune response, and fragments from its COOH-terminal extension (cyspep) are important factors during Leshmania infections. Cyspep-derived peptides interact with H-2 (murine MHC) class I proteins, and could play a key role in host-parasite interaction, signaling for specific lymphocyte T clones. In this work, we applied molecular dynamics simulations to study dissociation process for seven cyspep-derived peptides, previously identified as capable of interacting with H-2 class I proteins. However, the exit of peptides from the cleft of H-2 is a rare event, and standard molecular dynamics simulations are not able to mimic this process over a feasible computational time. We applied metadynamics (MetaD) to simulate dissociation of these peptides from the cleft of H- 2 receptors Using this approach, we were able to measure corresponding free energies of dissociation and describe the exit of peptides, at a molecular scale. To test the applicability of this approach, we perform MetaD on a validation set with four crystallographic H-2/peptide complexes. Our results showed consistent estimated values of \0394Gdissociation, comparing with values obtained from PDBePISA webserver. We explored the dissociation process of peptides in complex with H-2 Ld and Db proteins, and some main interactions between peptides and H-2 receptors were identified. The most persistent hydrogen bonds interaction occurred between NH2- terminal region of peptides and residues from the cleft of H-2 proteins, except for complex 11, were no hydrogen bonds interactions with NH2-terminal region of peptide were observed. For haplotype Db, we observed persistent hydrogen bonds between residue Glu63 from H-2 protein and NH2-terminal region of peptide, corroborating this residue as an important peptide anchor for binding to H-2 protein. For all complexes, three areas of the influence of non-bonded interactions were observed, and it suggests a minimum distance (~25 A) required for the concrete interactions between peptide/H-2 proteins occur
The development and evaluation of Cryptophlebia Leucotreta granulovirus (CrleGV) as a biological control agent for the management of false codling moth, Cryptophlebia Leucotreta, on citrus

A granulovirus isolated from Cryptophlebia leucotreta larvae was shown through restriction endonuclease analysis to be a novel strain (CrleGV-SA). No more than one isolate could be identified from a laboratory culture of C. leucotreta. However, a preliminary examination of restricted DNA profiles of isolates from different geographical regions indicated some minor differences. In surface dose bioassays on artificial diet, LC50 and LC90 values with neonate larvae were estimated to be 4.095 x 10 OBs/ml and 1.185 x 10 OBs/ml respectively. LT50 and LT90 values with neonate larvae were estimated to be 4 days 22 h and 7 days 8 h, respectively. Detached fruit (navel orange) bioassays with neonate larvae indicated that virus concentrations that are likely to be effective in the field range from 1.08 x 10 to 3.819 x 10 OBs/ml. In surface dose bioassays with fifth instar larvae LC50 and LC90 values were estimated to be 2.678 x 10 OBs/ml and 9.118 x 10 OBs/ml respectively. LT50 and LT90 values were estimated to be 7 days 17 h and 9 days 8 h, respectively. A new artificial diet for mass rearing the host was developed. Microbial contamination of diet was significantly reduced by adding nipagin and sorbic acid to the diet and by surface sterilising C. leucotreta eggs with Sporekill. Almost 20 % more eggs were produced from moths reared on the new diet compared to moths reared on the old diet. A further 9 % improvement in egg production and a reduction in the labour required to produce eggs, was made with the development of a new oviposition cage attached to the moth eclosion box. Virus was mass produced in fifth instar C. leucotreta larvae by surface inoculating diet with the LC90. When 300 individuals were placed onto inoculated diet, 56 % of them were recovered six to 11 days later as infected larvae. Mean larval equivalents was 1.158 x 10 OBs/larva. When larvae and diet were harvested together, highest yields of virus were achieved at eight days after inoculation. Microbial contamination in semi-purified preparations of CrleGV ranged from 176211 to 433594 (OB:CFU ratio). Half-life of CrleGV in the field was estimated to be less than 1 day on the northern aspect of trees and between 3 6 days on the southern aspect. Original activity remaining (OAR) of the virus dropped below 50 % after 5 days on the northern aspect of trees and was still at 69 % on the southern aspect of trees after 3 weeks. In field trials, CrleGV reduced C. leucotreta infestation of navel oranges by up to 60 % for a period of 39 days. CrleGV in combination with augmentation of the C. leucotreta egg parasitoid, Trichogrammatoidea cryptophlebiae, reduced infestation by 70 %. The integration of CrleGV into an integrated pest management (IPM) system for the management of C. leucotreta on citrus is proposed.
Harvesting unstable populations: red grouse Lagopus lagopus scoticus (Lath.) in the United Kingdom

The optimal harvesting strategies for unstable populations are explored using first discrete time models and second a continuous time model specifically applied to the destabilising effects of the caecal nematode Trichostrongylus tenuis on the dynamics of red grouse Lagopus lagopus scoticus. In discrete time models, with overcompensation generating either cyclic or chaotic fluctuations in abundance harvesting can act as both a stabilising and a destabilising process. Maximum yields occur at the harvesting rate that coincides with the point where the harvesting stabilises the overcompensation. Optimal harvesting rates increase with the degree of overcompensation although these are more vulnerable to overharvesting. Harvesting in the continuous time model provides similar results, although observed hunting records do not appear to be stabilised by harvesting. Empirical data on the mortality caused by other natural enemies of red grouse, the hen harrier Circus cyaenus and the louping ill virus, show that these mortalities do stabilise grouse dynamics. One explanation is that both hen harriers and louping ill virus cause significant mortality to chicks before the infective stages of T. tenuis are laid down on the ground, whereas shooting takes place after the infective stages are laid down and thus do not stabilise the populations.
INFLUÊNCIA DAS TECNOLOGIAS NA RETENÇÃO DE SÓCIOS EM GINÁSIOS: REVISÃO SISTEMÁTICA

O objetivo desta revisao sistematica e identificar a influencia das redes sociais e tecnologias na retencao de clientes em ginasios. A pesquisa foi efetuada em quatro bases de dados online , de 2011 a 2019. Atraves do metodo PRISMA (MOHER et al ., 2009), foram selecionados dez artigos. Os resultados evidenciaram que as redes sociais e o uso de tecnologias sao fundamentais no processo de retencao. Apos a analise dos dez artigos, foram tambem identificadas e analisadas as variaveis caracteristicas pessoais dos socios, frequencia e tempo de utilizacao e qualidade do servico e satisfacao, como influenciadoras da retencao de clientes. Resumindo, este estudo fez uma revisao dos artigos que estudam o impacto das tecnologias e redes sociais na retencao de clientes em ginasios e ajudou a identificar outros fatores que incidem na retencao clientes, agrupando-os em duas dimensoes, associadas a empresa e ao cliente.
Widespread short‐term persistence of frog species after the 2019–2020 bushfires in eastern Australia revealed by citizen science

Fires change ecosystem composition and influence species extinction risk, yet information on the impact of fire on biodiversity is scant. The bushfires in southeastern Australia during the summer of 2019/20 were unprecedented in their extent and intensity, and postfire management decisions have been hindered by a lack of knowledge of the impact of fires on biodiversity. We examine the short‐term persistence of frog species across southeastern Australia after these fires using records of calling frogs from the national citizen science project FrogID. We demonstrate widespread short‐term persistence of frog species. Sixty‐six frog species were detected in the firegrounds before the fire, and within 125 days postfire, 45 of these were detected. All 33 frog species with more than five records that were detected in the months of December–March prefire were detected postfire. While the short‐term postfire persistence of so many frog species is a positive result, the population‐level and longer‐term consequences of the fires remain unknown, as does the ability of frogs to persist with the changing fire regimes predicted as a consequence of global climate change. We illustrate the value of citizen science in collecting large‐scale and rapid observations in response to increasing anthropogenically‐driven ecological events.
The Measure and Dynamics of Genetic Diversity in Structured Populations

Genetic diversity is crucial for species adaptation and promotes species diversification. In addition, genetic diversity patterns are widely used to infer the past history of populations and to guide conservation policies. Population structure, when a set of populations are connected through migration, is known to lead to genetic differentiation and to influence the dynamics of genetic diversity. Nevertheless, how to accurately measure genetic differentiation, and what is the impact of past changes of migration rate on the dynamics of genetic diversity, are still open questions. This thesis has four aims. First, investigate the ability of commonly used measures to describe genetic differentiation. Second, assess the impact of an abrupt change of migration rate on the dynamics of genetic diversity. Third, assess the impact of multiple changes of migration rate. Fourth, investigate the inference of past migration rate changes from genetic diversity patterns. Results show that existing genetic differentiation measures are complementary, as they are accurate in different mutation regimes. In addition, it is shown that a single abrupt increase of migration rate can generate a large persistent excess of genetic diversity. Multiple changes of migration rate can either lead to a large excess of genetic diversity, or a high turnover of genetic diversity, depending on the frequency of the changes. Finally, results show that contrasting genetic diversity patterns from multiple populations allows the distinction of migration changes from other demographic processes. Results of the thesis refine our understanding of genetic diversity in structured populations, and provide guidelines to measure genetic differentiation. Moreover, the processes highlighted could influence the rate and mechanism of adaptation. Finally, results improve the inference of the demographic history of natural populations from genetic data, facilitating their management. N. Alcala Ph.D Thesis