Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Analgosedation in neonates: what we know and how we act

Inadequate pain management in neonatal life impairs the neurodevelopmental outcome. It alters pain thresholds, pain and stress-related behavior, and physiologic responses in later life. At the same time, there are emerging animal experimental and human epidemiologic data on the impact of analgosedatives on neuroapoptosis and impaired neurodevelopmental outcome. As a consequence, the management of neonatal pain is in search of a new equilib- rium since these conflicting (undertreatment versus overtreatment) observations are the main drivers of its current management. Such tailoring includes new treatment modalities, and also more effective implementation strategies. The search for tailored nonpharmacologic (ie, less invasive techniques, preventive strategies, complementary techniques) and pharmacologic (eg, dexmedetomidine, intravenous acetaminophen, remifentanil) treatment modalities are discussed and reflect the increased knowledge on neonatal pain management. Despite this increasing knowledge ("toolbox") regarding neonatal pain, there is still a major gap between knowledge ("what we know") and practice ("how we act"). Consequently, more research activity on methods for effective implementation of the available knowledge is needed. Illustrations of effective approaches, eg, the Evidence-Based Practice for Improving Quality (EPIQ) initiative, to bridge this gap are provided. This is followed by an intersubjective proposal on priorities for contemporary clinical management and a research agenda.
Determinants of profitability panel data evidence from insurance sector of Pakistan

Current study is carried out to look at the determinants of profitability in insurance sector of Pakistan with a panel data set of 31 insurance firms (life insurance sector and non-life insurance) of Pakistan from 2006-2011. To investigate the determinants of profitability two most applicable panel data techniques (fixed effects and random effects models) are employed and then Hausman’s specification test is applied to select the most effective model. This test proves that fixed effects model is the most appropriate model for this study. The outcomes of fixed effects model propose that leverage, size, earnings volatility and age of the firm, are significant determinants of profitability while growth opportunities and liquidity are not significant determinants of profitability. According to the best knowledge of authors this is the first study that covers the whole financial sector and employs the appropriate models on the panel data. This study is very handy for the management of insurance sector of Pakistan in regarding their profitability decisions and stakeholders of insurance sector.
“So When It Comes Out, They Aren’t That Surprised That It Is There”: Using Critical Race Theory as a Tool of Analysis of Race and Racism in Education

J asmine,' an African-American 9thexamining the educational experiences of cluding areas that can be considered upper grade student, described the racial and African-American students. Critical Race class, middle class, and less affluent areas. cultural climate at Wells Academy, an Theory (CRT) is a useful perspective from Most of the African American students, elite, predominately White, independent which to explore such phenomena. In this however, are considered middle class.2 school. She stated, "Everybody knows that article, we will illustrate how CRT can be Two such African-American students racism exists and that people are racist. So used to examine the experiences of were Malcolm and Barbara. Malcolm was when it comes out, they [faculty and stuAfrican-American students. We will use a 17-year-old senior from a middle-class dents] aren't that surprised that it is there. " the counterstories of African-American family. He was very active in school leadAs Jasmine asserted, racism is prevalent in students at Wells Academy, an elite, preership activities and was an athlete. Barall aspects of society, with schools not dominately White, independent school. bara was an 18-year-old recent graduate being an exception. However, what is Wells Academy from a prominent, upper-class family. She most interesting about her statement is was also very active in school leadership thatWells Academy is located in a major city activities. Both students were very proud monplace within the school walls that in an affluent, predominately White area of their African-American heritage and monplace within the school walls that in the southeastern United States. Propoften participated in the African-Ameriwhen it appears, e erty values in this community range from can cultural activities at Wells. has already begun to understand the per$450,000 to over $3 million. Wells has Because of Malcolm's and Barbara's
PCIe BUS: A State-of-the-Art-Review

PCI Express (Peripheral Component Interconnect Express) abbreviated as PCIe or PCI-E, is designed to replace the older PCI, PCI-X, AGP standards. A data communication system is developed for use the transfer data between the host and the peripheral devices via PCIe. The performance and the available area on the board are effective by using the PCIe. PCIe is a serial expansion bus interconnection method which is use for high speed communication. PCIe represents the currently fastest and most expensive solution to connect the peripheral devices with general purpose CPU. It provides a highest bandwidth connection in the PC platform. In this paper, the different types of bus architecture are reviewed. Further, it is described how data transfer take place between the CPU to the destination in PCIe architecture.
EVIDENCE OF THE ION CYCLOTRON RESONANCE AT PROTON KINETIC SCALES IN THE SOLAR WIND

The k-filtering and wave polarization techniques are applied to Cluster magnetic field data at four intervals of fast free (not connected to Earth's foreshock) solar wind. In addition to the commonly observed population of magnetic field fluctuations propagating at quasi-perpendicular angles to the global mean field B0, a population of fluctuations propagating at quasi-parallel angles are also observed when no local plasma instability can be identified. At low wavenumbers (kvA/Ωp ⩽ 0.6) both components are present, and have powers of similar strength, while at higher wavenumbers (kvAΩp > 0.6) only the perpendicular component can be identified. Here vA and Ωp are the Alfvén speed and the proton (angular) gyration frequency, k denotes the wavenumber. The dispersion curve obtained (and the ratio of the magnitudes of left and right hand polarized fluctuations) shows a sharp transition (and decrease) at (kvA/Ωp) ∼ 0.6, which corresponds to a spacecraft frequency fsc = 0.32 Hz. At higher wavenumbers the measurements agree with previous studies indicating the presence of kinetic Alfvén wave (KAW) turbulence or a mixture of KAW turbulence and convected structures. The parallel component displays a scaling of where the spectral index δ ranges between about 5/3 and 2 although the number of data points does not warrant an accurate determination. The origins of the observed parallel component are unclear. The presence of a parallel component is consistent with ion cyclotron waves, and we interpret the sharp drop of this component at higher wavenumbers as evidence that the ion cyclotron resonance is occurring in the solar wind intervals studied.
Comparison of herbivore communities on the native Field Maple Acer campestre (L.) and the neophyte Box Elder Acer negundo (L.)

Der Eschenahorn, Acer negundo (L.), wurde vor uber 300 Jahren als Zierpflanze aus Nord-Amerika eingefuhrt und wurde mit der Zeit ein invasiver Neophyt in Auwaldern entlang der europaischen Flusse. Die mit dem Eschenahorn in Europa assoziierte Arthropodenfauna ist noch wenig bekannt. Ziel der Arbeit war es zu untersuchen, ob A. negundo (1) eine geringere Herbivorenabundanz aufweist; (2) eine andere Herbivorengemeinschaft beherbergt, die (3) durch Generalisten dominiert wird; und (4) weniger durch Blattfras herbivorer Wirbelloser geschadigt wird, im Vergleich zu dem einheimischen A. campestre. Ich habe mittels Klopfmethodik herbivore Invertebraten von 42 Baumindividuen des einheimischen Feldahorns A. campestre und des invasiven Eschenahorns A. negundo gesammelt. Die Probennahmen erfolgten alle zwei Wochen uber vier Monate (Mai bis August 2011) in einem Auwald des Nationalparks Donau-Auen in der Nahe von Orth an der Donau. Zusatzlich wurden verschiedene Baum- und Habitatparameter aufgenommen, wie z.B. Baumhohe, Brusthohendurchmesser oder die Distanz zum nachsten Waldrand bzw. Gewasser. Insgesamt wurden 4342 herbivore Invertebraten aus 100 Arten gesammelt und analysiert, um Abundanz, Artenreichtum, Diversitat, Wirtspflanzenspezifitat und Artenzusammensetzung zu beschreiben. Um den Blattfras durch Herbivorie zu quantifizieren, wurden 630 Blatter (15 per Baumindiviuum) markiert und uber die gesamte Vegetationsperiode fotografiert. Acer negundo zeigte trotz geringerer Herbivorenabundanz in den Klopfproben einen ahnlich hohen relativen Blattflachenverlust wie A. campestre. Ich beobachtete sechs Mal mehr spezialisierte Herbivore an A. campestre (19 Arten, 281 Individuen) als an A. negundo (7 Arten, 40 Individuen). Die Artengemeinschaften von Insekten an A. negundo wurden grostenteils von Generalisten dominiert. Zudem konnte ich zeigen, dass die Artenzusammensetzung auf den beiden Baumarten in unterschiedlicher Weise durch Umweltfaktoren beeinflusst wurde. Monophage Arten wurden demnach am Starksten durch die Ahornart beeinflusst, wohingegen die Artenspektren polyphager Herbivorer starker von der Grose der Baume und deren Standorteigenschaften (Risiko von Uberschwemmungsereignissen, Bestandes-struktur) beeinflusst waren. Meine Ergebnisse weisen darauf hin, dass die Integration des invasiven Neophyten Acer negundo in das Nahrungsnetz des Auwaldes der Donauauen noch nicht vollstandig abgeschlossen ist.
Anticipating Tax Change: Evidence from the Finnish Corporate Income Tax Reform of 2005

Using register-based panel data covering all Finnish firms in 1999-2004, we examine how corporations anticipated the 2005 dividend tax increase via changes in their dividend and investment policies. The Finnish capital and corporate income tax reform of 2005 creates a useful opportunity to measure this behaviour, since it involves exogenous variation in the tax treatment of different types of firms. The estimation results reveal that those firms that anticipated a dividend tax hike increased their dividend payouts by 10-50 per cent. This increase was not accompanied by a reduction in investment activities, but rather was associated with increased indebtedness in non-listed firms. The results also suggest that the timing of dividend distributions probably offsets much of the potential for increased dividend tax revenue following the reform.
The Analgesic Efficacy of Kinesiology Taping in Delayed Onset Muscle Soreness (DOMS)

Aims and scope: Delayed Onset Muscle Soreness (DOMS) develops after intense physical activity and its mechanisms are due to inflammation. Kinesiology Taping (KT) improves microcirculation, supports myofascial functions and relieves the tissue. The aim of this study was to verify whether KT has an analgesic action in the DOMS and whether somatotype is associated with this action. Materials and Methods: There were 20 healthy subjects aged 27.7 ±6.4 years with moderate or high physical activity included into the study. The training with emphasis on eccentric muscle work was performed. Somatotype of respondents was assessed by Heath-Carter method. While DOMS occurred, KT muscle application on one of the limbs was done. For the next five days subjects filled out questionnaires in which they served intensity of pain on the basis of Visual Analogue Scale (VAS). Results and conclusions: In the limb where KT application was used a significant (p 0.05). Conclusions: KT exhibits analgesic properties in DOMS. Somatotype has no relation to the effectiveness of KT analgesic efficacy in DOMS.
High Bandwidth Non-Resonant High Voltage Generator for X-Ray Systems

High-voltage supplies for medical X-ray systems require up to 150 kV DC at up to 100 kW to supply the tube. The challenge for the power supply however is not only to deal with the high voltage and high power demand, but also to provide short voltage rise- and fall times in the range of 100μs. A coupled interleaved circuit variant of a single active bridge concept, the coupled interleaved single active bridge converter, is demonstrated in this work providing very fast output voltage control due to its non-resonant structure. The conduction modes of the circuit are analysed in detail and compared to the uncoupled interleaved single active bridge approach, demonstrating the advantages of low inverter RMS current, zero voltage switching (or at least zero current switching) over the full operating range with constant switching frequency. Analytic expressions for the output current-duty cycle relationship are provided. Experiments on a 60 kW (low voltage equivalent) prototype show that rise times as low as five switching cycles are possible, allowing to reach the target of 100μs rise time using a switching frequency of only 50 kHz.
Optimal management of Cushing syndrome

Cushing syndrome (CS) caused by endogenous hypercortisolism is a diagnostic challenge. The most common cause is Cushing disease. Surgical treatment is the first-line therapy for Cushing disease. However, due to the often clinical instability of the patient's condition, which needs acute treatment of hypercortisolism or inoperable tumors, initial surgery is often not possible. It is therefore important to provide appropriate initial medical treatment. Following surgery, the patient needs to be evaluated and confirmed for disease resolution based on standard criteria, and treated with appropriate supportive measures for the rest of life if necessary. This article reviews the current data and treatment options for Cushing syndrome and proposes a therapeutic algorithm for its optimal management.
Sequestration of Organic Carbon Influenced by the Application of Straw Residue and Farmyard Manure in Two Different Soils

Abstract Soil organic carbon is one of the most important soil components, which acts as a sink for atmospheric CO2. This study focuses on the effect of different methods of organic matter application on the soil organic carbon sequestration in a 4-month experiment under controlled greenhouse conditions. Three rates of straw residue and farmyard manure were added to uncultivated and cropland soils. Two treatments of straw residue and farmyard manure incorporation were used into: a soil surface layer and 0-20 cm soil depth. The result showed that the application of organic matter, especially the farmyard manure incorporation led to a significant increase in the final soil organic carbon content. Higher amounts of soil organic carbon were stored in the cropland soil than in the uncultivated soil. On average, the soil surface layer treatment caused a higher sequestration of soil organic carbon compared to the whole soil depth treatment. If higher rates of organic matter were added to the soils, lower carbon sequestration was observed and vice versa. The result indicated that the carbon sequestration ranged farmyardmanure > strawresidue and cropland soil > uncultivated soil. The findings of this research revealed the necessity of paying more attention to the role of organic residue management in carbon sequestration and prevention of increasing global warming.
Lori’s Help: um aplicativo para auxílio na alfabetização de pessoas com Síndrome de Down

sindrome de Down e causada pela presenca de tres cromossomos 21 em todas ou na maior parte das celulas de um individuo [1]. As pessoas com sindrome de Down, ou trissomia do cromossomo 21, tem 47 cromossomos em vez de 46, como a maior parte da populacao. A pessoa com sindrome de Down tem idade cronologica diferente de idade funcional, desta forma, nao e esperada uma resposta identica a resposta das pessoas com desenvolvimento tipico [9]. Esta deficiencia advem de desajustes funcionais do sistema nervoso, causando dificuldade no aprendizado. Essas dificuldades podem ser manifestadas desde a alfabetizacao basica ate a realizacao de atividades cotidianas. O software desenvolvido neste trabalho tem o intuito de auxiliar pessoas com sindrome de Down durante o processo de alfabetizacao. O auxilio e fornecido por meio de atividades, como, por exemplo, o pareamento de vogais. Alem disso, durante a execucao dessas atividades, um algoritmo para biofeedback, conhecido como Attention Meter, monitora a atencao demonstrada pelos os usuarios. Ao final, e gerado um relatorio do desempenho para cada usuario, com marcadores que destacam o comportamento durante a execucao de cada atividade. Assim, ao longo do processo de alfabetizacao, e possivel quantificar e qualificar as atividades propostas nao apenas pela quantidade de acertos, mas, tambem, pelo engajamento pessoal de cada usuario do aplicativo.
Is There a Correlation between Law Professor Publication Counts, Law Review Citation Counts, and Teaching Evaluations? An Empirical Study

This empirical study attempts to answer an age-old debate in legal academia: whether scholarly productivity helps or hurts teaching. The study is of an unprecedented size and scope. It covers every tenured or tenure-track faculty member at 19 American law schools, a total of 623 professors. The study gathers four years of teaching evaluation data (calendar years 2000-03) and correlates these data against five different measures of research productivity/scholarly influence.The results are counter-intuitive: there is either no correlation or a slight positive correlation between teaching effectiveness and any of the five measures of research productivity. Given the breadth of the study, this finding is quite robust. These findings are sure to spark heated debates among law faculties and likely require some soul-searching about the interaction between the two most important functions of American law schools.
Extracellular matrix differences in glioblastoma patients with different prognoses

Glioblastoma is the most common malignant central nervous system tumor. Patient outcome remains poor despite the development of therapy and increased understanding of the disease in the past decades. Glioma cells invade the peritumoral brain, which results in inevitable tumor recurrence. Previous studies have demonstrated that the extracellular matrix (ECM) is altered in gliomas and serves a major role in glioma invasion. The present study focuses on differences in the ECM composition of tumors in patients with poor and improved prognosis. The mRNA and protein expression of 16 invasion-associated ECM molecules was determined using reverse trascription-quantitiative polymerase chain reaction and immunohistochemistry, respectively. Clinical factors of patients with different prognoses was also analyzed. It was determined that age and postoperative Karnofsky performance score were associated with patient survival. Furthermore, Fms-related tyrosine kinase 4/vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 3 (FLT4/VEGFR3), murine double minute 2 (MDM2) and matrix metallopeptidase 2 (MMP2) mRNA levels were significantly different between the two prognostic groups. Additionally, brevican, cluster of differentiation 44, hyaluronan mediated motility receptor, integrin-αV and -β1, and MDM2 protein expression were indicated to be significantly different in immunohistochemistry slides. Using the expression profile, including the invasion spectrum of the samples, it was possible to identify the prognostic group of the sample with high efficacy, particularly in cases with poor prognosis. In conclusion, it was determined that ECM components exhibit different expression levels in tumors with different prognoses and thus the invasion spectrum can be used as a prognostic factor in glioblastoma.
What is the role of Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) in society in the perspective of Millennials and how do they react to CSR practices as consumers

As it grows older, the Millennial generation is gaining relevance for companies, especially when considering their demands and choices as consumers. But what is Millennials’ opinion with regard to Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR)? And how does the Millennial generation react to CSR initiatives by companies? Since CSR is gaining more importance nowadays, these are the main questions addressed by the present research. Based on primary data collected via semi-structured interviews and an online questionnaire, important implications from this working project are drawn. In theoretical terms, it highlights the different roles CSR assumes in society from the perspective of Millennials, underlining the importance the private sector to tackle today’s global challenges. At the managerial level, it illustrates the reactions to CSR practices of Millennial consumers. Millennials’ attitudes toward CSR are positive and the findings obtained recognize their willingness to change their consumption behavior when have access to information on companies’ CSR strategy. The majority of Millennials attributes to CSR a marketing role for the benefit of the company, while acknowledging the compliance of laws and regulations, and producing high-quality products/services as the main responsibilities of companies. Finally, Millennials believe corporations should strive for a holistic form of CSR, integrated in their core business, instead of a combination of CSR practices. If companies aim at attracting these customers effectively, they must take into consideration their expectations toward CSR, and invest in a proper CSR strategy.
OFF BETWEEN CARBON STORAGE AND BIOMASS-BASED ENERGY SOURCES ECOSYSTEM SERVICES , THE CASE STUDY FROM THE PROVINCE OF ROVIGO ( ITALY ) GISSI

Biomass Based Energy Sources (BBES) are an Ecosystem Service (ES) which can contribute to achieve EU 2020 targets and to ensure energy security. Their effects on other ESs can be different according to biomass typologies, as energy crops and residuals. In order to plan a Greenhouse Gasses (GHGs) efficient supply chain and to maintain ES of carbon storage, as well as other related ESs, effect of feedstock chain on Soil Organic Carbon (SOC) should be considered. An ESs approach, based on the cascade model, takes into consideration biological interdependencies and management options to assess trade-offs. This study aims to describe and map trade-off between BBES and carbon storage services in Province of Rovigo (Veneto Region, Italy), a mainly intensive cultivated area. Results show that the trade-offs between the two ESs is potentially high in large part of the territory (75%), while just 25% expresses low possibility of conflict. Possible management options are discussed in order to minimize trade-off between energy provision and climate change mitigation. This study highlights that ESs approach can provide a suitable tool for decision makers, with respect to biomass feedstock chain, whose effects on ecosystems are often underestimated.