Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Impacts Of The Invasive FourEyed Fir Bark Beetle (Polygraphus Proximus Blandf.) On Siberian Fir (Abies Sibirica Ledeb.) Forests In Southern Siberia

The emergence and spread of non-native invasive forest insects represent a major potential threat to global biodiversity. The present study examines the current invasion of the far eastern four-eyed fir bark beetle Polygraphus proximus Blandf. in southern Siberian fir (Abies sibirica Ledeb.) forests. We collected data on 38 large sized (2500 m²) sample plots, situated in fir forests of the Tomsk region. As a direct result of the four-eyed fir bark beetle infestation, stand density decreased by 34-37%, and stand volume by 30%. The mean height, individual age and diameter at the stand level consequently increased. Our results indicated that stands with complete left-sided or normal ontogenetic structure (composed primarily of late virginal firs or firs in young reproductive stage) are more resistant to invasion by the four-eyed fir bark beetle. By contrast, fir forests characterized by more right-sided ontogenetic structure (composed primarily of mature and old reproductive firs), exhibited the least resistance and, with rare exception, degraded rapidly in response to the invasion. Our results also pointed to a mechanism that initiates invasions of the four-eyed fir bark beetle in fir stands of all types of ontogenetic structure, which is the attack of virginal trees and trees in early reproductive stages. Trees up to average diameter are the most susceptible to invasions of the bark beetle. We identified thicker bark, larger DBH and low occurrence of heart rot as the most important parameters for indicating resistance at the single tree level. DBH and bark thickness (p<0.05) correlated significantly with tree health status in infested stands. Our overall assessment of the potential natural regeneration of damaged stands is that the Siberian fir forests are resilient to invasive species and that the fir ecosystems can potentially recover from this disturbance.
Characterization of Physically Fractionated Wollastonite-Amended Agricultural Soils

Wollastonite is a natural silicate mineral that can be used as an agricultural soil amendment. Once in the soil, this mineral undergoes weathering and carbonation reactions, and, under certain soil and field crop conditions, our previous work has shown that this practice leads to accumulation of inorganic carbon (calcium carbonate). Mineral carbonation is the carbon sequestration approach with the greatest potential for sequestration capacity and permanency. Agricultural lands offer vast areas onto which such minerals can be applied, while benefiting crops. This work illustrates a technique to separate wollastonite-containing soils into different fractions. These fractions are characterized separately to determine organic and inorganic content, as well as to determine the chemical and mineral composition. The aim is to detect the fate of wollastonite in agricultural soils, and the fate of weathering/carbonation products in the soil. The soils used in the study were collected from soybean and potato farmlands in Southern Ontario, and from an experimental pilot plot. Soil fractionation was done using sieving, and soil fractions were analyzed by a calcimeter, X-ray diffraction, and loss-on-ignition. Acid digested samples were measured by Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry. Carbonates and wollastonite were enriched by fractionation.
Ensemble Streamflow Forecasting Using an Energy Balance Snowmelt Model Coupled to a Distributed Hydrologic Model with Assimilation of Snow and Streamflow Observations

In many river basins across the world, snowmelt is an important source of streamflow. However, detailed snowmelt modeling is hampered by limited input data and uncertainty arising from inadequate model structure and parametrization. Data assimilation that updates model states based on observations, reduces uncertainty and improves streamflow forecasts. In this study, we evaluated the Utah Energy Balance (UEB) snowmelt model coupled to the Sacramento Soil Moisture Accounting (SAC‐SMA) and rutpix7 stream routing models, integrated within the Research Distributed Hydrologic Model (RDHM) framework for streamflow forecasting. We implemented an ensemble Kalman filter for assimilation of snow water equivalent (SWE) observations in UEB and a particle filter for assimilation of streamflow to update the SAC‐SMA and rutpix7 states. Using leave one out validation, it was shown that the modeled SWE at a location where observations were excluded from data assimilation was improved through assimilation of data from other stations, suggesting that assimilation of sparse observations of SWE has the potential to improve the distributed modeling of SWE over watershed grid cells. In addition, the spatially distributed snow data assimilation improved streamflow forecasts and the forecast volume error was reduced. On the other hand, the assimilation of streamflow observations did not provide additional forecast improvement over that achieved by the SWE assimilation for seasonal forecast volume likely due to there being little information content in streamflow at the forecast date prior to its rising during the melt period and this application of particle filter being better suited for shorter timescales.
Dermatopharmacology and clinic application of Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma and its active components

In recent years,in clinic the preparations of Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma and its active components are being tried to treat various skin diseases,such as anaphylactoid purpura,psoriasis,eczema,pityriasis rosea,urticaria,systemic lupus erythematosus,eruption like papular acrodermatitis of childhood,herpes zoster,verruca plana,alopecia areata,leucoderma,skin pigmentation,etc.Research advances on the dermatopharmacology and clinic application of Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma as well as its flavonoids and glycyrrhizic acid in allergic dermatosis,tumor of skin,viral dermatosis,pigmentation,etc.are reviewed in this paper.
Integration of eDNA‐Based Biological Monitoring within the U.S. Geological Survey’s National Streamgage Network

This study explores the feasibility and utility of integrating environmental DNA (eDNA) assessments of species occurrences into the United States (U.S.) Geological Survey’s national streamgage network. We used an existing network of five gages in southwest Idaho to explore the type of information that could be gained as well as the associated costs and limitations. Hydrologic technicians were trained in eDNA sampling protocols and they collected samples during routine monthly visits to streamgages over an entire water year (2016). We analyzed the eDNA in the filtered water samples to determine the presence of two fish species: bull trout and rainbow trout. We then modeled the spatiotemporal distribution of each species using discharge and temperature data. To assess the influence of the spatial distribution of the gages on the biological information obtained, we also collected eDNA samples from locations between the gages three times during the water year. We found eDNA monitoring at the five gages provided meaningful information about the distribution of both species, especially when detection probabilities accounted for variations in temperature and discharge. Sampling between the gages provided additional information about bull trout distribution — the rarer of the two species. Our study suggests the integration of eDNA sampling into a streamgage network is feasible and could provide a novel and powerful source of biological information for riverine ecosystems in the U.S.
Effectiveness of an Education Program to Prevent Nurses' Low Back Pain

This study was undertaken to evaluate an education program to prevent low back pain among nurses. This interventional study used a one-group, pretest/posttest design and was conducted in four hospitals in Bolu, Turkey. Nurses' knowledge was assessed before and after training; 60 nurses were evaluated while performing five procedures that can lead to low back pain using an observation form. These forms were given to the nurses 3 months after the training to assess their knowledge and observations of the five specified behaviors were repeated. The mean knowledge and procedures scores of the nurses were higher just after and 3 months after the training compared to before training.
Bi-directional Multiport Converter for Utilizing Green Base Stations as Virtual Power Plant

In recent years, virtual power plant mechanisms that contribute to adjusting the power supply and demand by integrating and controlling energy resources on the customer side have drawn attention. On the other hand, NTT DOCOMO has deployed Green Base Station(G-BTS) equipped with solar panels and high-capacity, high-density lithium-ion batteries, and is working on securing backup in the event of a disaster and reducing power costs. In this paper, in order to use the G-BTS as a virtual power plant, we examined the system configuration and control method that assumed the power cooperation between multiple stations, and confirmed the various operations required for the power cooperation by the actual machine verification.
Household Drought Risk Index (HDRI): Social-Ecological Assessment of Drought Risk in the Cuvelai-Basin

Droughts threaten many regions worldwide, in particular semi-arid environments of sub-Saharan Africa such as the Cuvelai-Basin in Angola and Namibia, as the population depends on critical water-related ecosystem services. Since droughts are multi-layered phenomena, risk assessment tools that capture the societal relations to nature and identify those individuals that are most threatened are required. This study presents the integrated Household Drought Risk Index (HDRI) that builds upon empirical data from the study area to provide insights into drought hazard and vulnerability conditions of households in different socio-economic and environmental settings. The composite indicator integrates environmental measures of drought (frequency, severity, duration) from multiple remote sensing products (precipitation, soil moisture, vegetation) and the vulnerability of households (sensitivity, coping capacity) obtained from a structured survey that comprised 461 households. The results reveal that the Angolan population shows higher levels of risk, particularly caused by less developed infrastructural systems, weaker institutional capabilities and less coping capacities. Overall, urban dwellers follow less drought-sensitive livelihood strategies, but are still connected to drought conditions in rural areas due to family relations with obligations and benefits. The study results provide knowledge for decision-makers to respond to drought in the short and long-term. The latter may build upon the extension of centralized and decentralized water and food supply/production systems as well as the support of households via targeted educational and community-building measures. Specific HDRI components may be included in census surveys to receive continuous drought risk data.
Testing Gravity Theory With Extreme Mass-Ratio Inspirals: Recent Progress

A compact object captured by a supermassive black hole, named as extreme-mass-ratio inspiral (EMRI), is one of the most important gravitational wave sources for low-frequency interferometers such as LISA, Taiji, and TianQin. EMRIs can be used to accurately map the space-time of the central massive body. In the present paper, we introduce our recent progress on testing gravity theory with EMRIs. We demonstrate how to constrain gravitational wave dispersion and measure the deviation of the central body from the Kerr black hole. By using binary-EMRIs, the gravitational recoil and mass loss due to merger will be measured in a higher accuracy compared with the current LIGO observations. All these potential constrains and measurements will be useful for test of the gravity theory.
Evidence for Bone Reversal Properties of a Calcium- Collagen Chelate, a Novel Dietary Supplement

Evidence for Bone Reversal Properties of a Calcium- Collagen Chelate, a Novel Dietary Supplement Menopause drastically increases the risk of osteoporosis, and although drug therapies are available, having an efficacious dietary supplement as an adjuvant therapy or alternative is desirable. Recent findings suggest that a calcium-collagen chelate (CC) in the form of a dietary supplement is highly effective in improving bone mass in osteopenic rats. Therefore, we hypothesized that the consumption of CC reverses bone loss in postmenopausal women with osteopenia as early as three months.
Case-Control Study on Breast cancer

Objective In order to probe and clarify the potential environmental contributions to the occurrence of breast cancer. Methods A 11 matched case control study of breast cancer was conducted on 134 cases and 134 controls in Shanghai. Results The multivariate conditional Logistic regression analysis showed that the risk factors to breast cancer were age of menarche,age of primiparity,history of benign breast diseases and family history of breast cancer. Patients were further subdivided into premenopausal group and postmenopausal one. The former was associated with age of menarche,age of primiparity,and history of benign breast diseases,whereas the latter was related to age of primiparity,menstrual period,and body weight. Conclusion There is variation in the etiology between premenopausal and postmenopausal breast cancer,and needed to be verified by further study.
Beiträge zur Kenntnis der Bienengattung Halictus Latr. II.

I. Ergänzungen und Berichtigungen zu Teil I. (Arch. f. Nat. Jahrg. 1928 Abt. A. 5. Heft S. 231 ff.) 1. Hai. Bequaerti (S. 251, Ziff. 8) ist eine gute A rt. Ich lernte inzwischen das c f kennen, das ich in ,,Mem. Real Soe. Espan. Hist. Nat.“ XII Heft 4 a (1923) 'S. 261 beschrieben habe. Da diese Beschreibung in spanischer Sprache veröffentlicht ist, gebe ich sie hier (aus Zweckmäßigjkeiitsgründen weiter unten, unter II Ziff. 42) auf deutsch wieder. 2. Hai. peregrinus m. (I. S. 259 Q). Nachträglich fand ich in der Sammlung des W iener Museums noch 5 Q1 23? von Triest und 1 Q von St. Croce. 3 . Hai. andrenoides (S. 262, Ziff. 17) muß wegen H. andrenoides Friese (Sjöstedts Zool. Kilimandjaro-MeruExpedition, Stockholm 1910, S. 123) anders benannt werden. Er möge H. am anicus heißen. Seite 6. P rod in y ch u s f o rm i c a r ia s n. sp. 7. D iny chu s su m a t r e n s i s (Vitzthum 1921) 8. D is c o p om a (D is c o p om a ) a f r i c a n a n. sp. , 9. D is cop om a (D is copoma) o rb is n. sp. 10. U ropoda p a l l i d a n. sp. 11. Cilliba v. Heyden 1826 12. P h th i ra ca ra s b ra s i l ianu s n. sp. 13. Canestr in ia (P er ca n e s t r in ia ) s a r d k a n. sp. 14. Hericia Greeni Oudemans 1917 15. T y ro g l y p h a s u n gu i cu la tu s n. sp. 16. T yro g l y p h u s f u s c i p e s n. sp. 17. T y ro g l y p h u s m y c o p h a g u s MGgnin 1874 18. T y ro g l y p h u s b ra s i l ianu s n. sp. 19. T yro g l y p h u s in op in a tu s n. sp. 20. S cu ta ca ru s m ed io c r i t a r su s n. sp. 21. Variatipes m u s c o r u m n sp. 22. M icr od i sp o d id e s s c u t a c a r o i d e s n. sp. 23. Acarapis W ood i (Rennie 1921) 22 28 29 33 35 37 39 41 51 52 57 60 62 65 68 72 75 78
Water as a critical nutrient in maintenance of poultry health and its role in production performance

The use of drinking water with adequate physical, chemical and microbiological quality in the poultry industry is of fundamental importance. Since many birds have access to the same water source, any quality problems will affect large number of birds. The drinking water plays an important role in the transmission of some bacterial, viral and protozoan diseases that are among the most common poultry diseases. Water is a major component of blood and plays an important role in transporting nutrients to the cells and carrying waste away. Chicken body consists of 70% water; a loss of only 10 percent of that water will result in the bird’s death. It plays a pivotal role in body temperature regulation, digestion of food and elimination of waste materials. Numerous factors, like, genetics, feeding, healthcare, management practices, house environment, and housing type play a role in broiler performance, but water quality may be one of the most critical and often ignored. To keep the poultry flocks healthy adequate quality and quantity of potable water should be provided throughout the rearing period.
Capture-Recapture Sampling Techniques: Artificial and Real Population Data Analysis

Capture-Recapture sampling methods are being used to estimate the population size of an unknown population. These methods are widely used for determining the population size of animals and birds. Literature shows that these methods were purely used by ecologist in the past. But now-a-days, these methods are also used to determine the chronic diseases, for example, cancer patients, HIV Aid patients, etc. Not only this, many studies had conducted to determine the road accidents ratios on different points. This study covered two examples; one was the total number of female drivers at Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan and the second example was about the total number of male smokers at Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan. On these two examples, the basic capture-recapture sampling methods were used which involved Lincoln Peterson Index, Chapman Estimate and Schnable Estimate. Then an artificial data with known population was created and same methods were used for analysis. In the end, the results of artificial data and two examples were compared with each other through analysis on excel sheet.
Chronic pain and subjectivity in oncology

In spite of the advances ocurred in the last two centuries there are still many questions about ethiology and maintenance of chronic pain, and analysis of the history helps us understand the definitions, theories and techniques of treatment, including the ones related to psychological aspect, and how they were developed. At this moment, there is a consensus on the subjective and multifactorial nature of pain. It is necessary a specialized and multidisciplinar treatment approach to identify and solve the problems of communication and measurement of pain, and to amplify the therapeutical care offered to the patients, and the support provided to their families/caregivers and to the health care team.
The relationship between muscle thickness of leg and trunk and the sprint performance in the field and on the cycle ergometer in high school and college students cyclists

The 30-seconds all-out sprint test on the cycle ergometer was performed by 10 high school and 13 college men’s cyclists. In addition, this study investigated their best time for 200 m (200mTT) and 1000 m (1000mTT) time trials in the velodrome. This study clarifies the relationship between muscle thickness of thigh, shank, and trunk and 1) the average speed for the 200mTT and 2) the 1000mTT in the field, and 3) the mean power of the 30-seconds all-out sprint cycling test. 1) The average speed for the 200mTT significantly correlated with the muscle thickness of posterior shank and front and lateral abdomen. 2) The average speed for the 1000mTT significantly correlated with the muscle thickness of posterior thigh and shank and front and lateral abdomen. 3) The mean power of the 30-seconds all-out sprint cycling test significantly correlated with the muscle thickness of anterior and posterior thigh, posterior shank, and front and lateral abdomen. Except for the average speed for the 200mTT and 1000mTT, the mean power of the 30-seconds all-out sprint cycling test was significantly related to the muscle thickness of anterior thigh. These results suggest that increasing muscle thickness of posterior thigh and shank and front and lateral abdomen is important for enhancing performance in sprint cycling. Jpn J Phys Fitness Sports Med, 65(3): 327-335 (2016)
AquaSat: A Data Set to Enable Remote Sensing of Water Quality for Inland Waters

Satellite estimates of inland water quality have the potential to vastly expand our ability to observe and monitor the dynamics of large water bodies. For almost 50 years, we have been able to remotely sense key water quality constituents like total suspended sediment, dissolved organic carbon, chlorophyll a, and Secchi disk depth. Nonetheless, remote sensing of water quality is poorly integrated into inland water sciences, in part due to a lack of publicly available training data and a perception that remote estimates are unreliable. Remote sensing models of water quality can be improved by training and validation on larger data sets of coincident field and satellite observations, here called matchups. To facilitate model development and deeper integration of remote sensing into inland water science, we have built AquaSat, the largest such matchup data set ever assembled. AquaSat contains more than 600,000 matchups, covering 1984–2019, of ground‐based total suspended sediment, dissolved organic carbon, chlorophyll a, and SDDSecchi disk depth measurements paired with spectral reflectance from Landsat 5, 7, and 8 collected within ±1 day of each other. To build AquaSat, we developed open source tools in R and Python and applied them to existing public data sets covering the contiguous United States, including the Water Quality Portal, LAGOS‐NE, and the Landsat archive. In addition to publishing the data set, we are also publishing our full code architecture to facilitate expanding and improving AquaSat. We anticipate that this work will help make remote sensing of inland water accessible to more hydrologists, ecologists, and limnologists while facilitating novel data‐driven approaches to monitoring and understanding critical water resources at large spatiotemporal scales.
MALDIÇÃO DOS RECURSOS NATURAIS, AMAZÔNIA E DESENVOLVIMENTO INSTITUCIONAL

A maldição dos recursos naturais é uma alegoria que visa explicar a capacidade limitada do mercado e do governo em aproveitar a abundância de recursos naturais para aumentar a capacidade produtiva e a qualidade de vida da sociedade. Sendo a Amazônia uma extensa área com enorme montante de recursos naturais que historicamente basearam seu desenvolvimento econômico, tem-se como o objetivo deste trabalho estudar a relação entre o desenvolvimento socioeconômico na Amazônia e a extração de recursos naturais. A partir da ótica da Nova Economia Institucional (NEI), verificou-se que a abundância de recursos naturais limitou o desenvolvimento socioeconômico amazônico por orientar a formação de instituições que não promoveram a utilização racional de tais recursos. Entretanto, foi possível perceber que tal regra não foi válida para toda a Amazônia e nem para todos os setores produtivos. Alternativas de autogestão ou de setores altamente modernizados como a soja buscam desconstruir este paradigma.