Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Thermal Vibration of Composites and Sandwich Laminates Using Refined Higher Order Zigzag Theory

Vibration of laminated composite and sandwich plate under thermal loading is studied in this paper. A refined higher order theory has been used for the purpose. In order to avoid stress oscillations observed in the implementation of a displacement based finite element, the stress field derived from temperature (initial strains) have been made consistent with total strain field. So far no study has been reported in literature on the thermal vibration problem based on the refined higher order theory using a FE model. Numerical results are presented for thermal vibration problems to study the influence of boundary conditions, ply orientation and plate geometry on the natural frequencies of these structures. © 2013 IAU, Arak Branch. All rights reserved.
The 25 Parsec Local White Dwarf Population

We have extended our detailed survey of the local white dwarf population from 20 pc to 25 pc, effectively doubling the sample volume, which now includes 232 stars. In the process new stars within 20 pc have been added, a more uniform set of distance estimates as well as improved spectral and binary classifications are available. The present 25 pc sample is estimated to be about 68% complete (the corresponding 20 pc sample is now 86\% complete). The space density of white dwarfs is unchanged at 4.8 \pm 0.5 x 10^{-3} pc^{-3}. This new study includes a white dwarf mass distribution and luminosity function based on the 232 stars in the 25 pc sample. We find a significant excess of single stars over systems containing one or more companions (74\% vs 26\%). This suggests mechanisms that result in the loss of companions during binary system evolution. In addition this updated sample exhibits a pronounced deficiency of nearby Sirius-Like systems. Eleven such systems were found within the 20 pc volume vs, only one additional system found in the volume between 20 pc and 25 pc. An estimate of white dwarf birth rates during the last 8 Gyr is derived from individual remnant cooling ages. A discussion of likely ways new members of the local sample may be found is provided.
Reduction of In-Band Interferences’ Effect Using Subspace Algorithms in Radio Channel Data

In-band interference increases the noise floor of delay profiles estimated from frequency modulated continuous wave (FMCW) sounder channel data and prevents weak multipath components from being detected. In this study two of the subspace methods named MUltiple SIgnal Classification (MUSIC) and EigenVector (EV) algorithm were used to reduce the effect of interference in delay profiles obtained from an FMCW channel data, and the results are compared with those from conventional FFT method. Results show that MUSIC and EV methods have similar results for time delay estimation, and perform better than the FFT method.
Self-Healing Coatings for Steel Reinforced Infrastructure

i Acknowledgments. ii Table of Figures . iv List of Tables . v 1.0 Introduction . 1 2.0 Background . 3 2.1 Steel Reinforced Infrastructure . 3 2.2 Corrosion Process . 3 2.3 Corrosion Mitigation Techniques . 5 2.3.1 Stainless Steel Reinforcement . 5 2.3.2 Galvanized Steel Reinforcement. 6 2.3.3 Fusion Bonded Epoxy Reinforcement . 6 2.4 Self-Healing Coatings and Techniques . 7 2.5 Previous Research on Self-Healing Coatings for Reinforcement . 9 3.0 Methodology . 11 3.1 Coating Preparation . 11 3.2 Steel Coupon Coating and Damage . 12 3.3 Aerated Salt-Water Baths . 13 3.4 Adhesion Strength . 13 4.0 Results and Discussion . 15 4.1 Coating Thickness . 15 4.2 Adhesion Strength . 16 4.3 Aerated Salt-Water Baths . 17 5.0 Conclusion . 24 6.0 References . 25 7.0 Appendix . 27
State of the science review of the health effects of inorganic arsenic: Perspectives for future research

Human exposure to inorganic arsenic (iAs) is a global health issue. Although there is strong evidence for iAs‐induced toxicity at higher levels of exposure, many epidemiological studies evaluating its effects at low exposure levels have reported mixed results. We comprehensively reviewed the literature and evaluated the scientific knowledge on human exposure to arsenic, mechanisms of action, systemic and carcinogenic effects, risk characterization, and regulatory guidelines. We identified areas where additional research is needed. These priority areas include: (1) further development of animal models of iAs carcinogenicity to identify molecular events involved in iAs carcinogenicity; (2) characterization of underlying mechanisms of iAs toxicity; (3) assessment of gender‐specific susceptibilities and other factors that modulate arsenic metabolism; (4) sufficiently powered epidemiological studies to ascertain relationship between iAs exposure and reproductive/developmental effects; (5) evaluation of genetic/epigenetic determinants of iAs effects in children; and (6) epidemiological studies of people chronically exposed to low iAs concentrations.
Microemulsification of Unsaponifiable Fractions of Palm Fatty Acid Distillate ]

Palm fatty acid distillate (PFAD) is a by-product of palm oil refining that contains valuable b ioactive compounds such as phytosterols, tocopherol, tocotrienols, and squalene which acummulates in unsaponifiab le fraction (USF). In emulsion form, USF will be convenien t and easy to use as food supplements or fortificants. Microemulsion is a type of emulsion that has stab le droplet sizes of less than 10 m. Hence, the best emulsifier for USF microemulsion is important to be determined. The USF microemulsion was prepared by homogenizing the sample mixtures at 12.000 rpm for 20 min at USF concentration of 10% (w/v) with lecithin and tween 80 as the emulsifiers at concentratiosn of 0.5 , 1.0, and 1.5% (w/v). The microemulsions were analyzed for their viscosity, stab ility, and particle size distributions, as well as microstructures. The results showed that characteristics of microemulsion were affected by emulsifier types and concentrations. Tween 80 produced better microemulsion than lecithin as indicated by more stab le emulsions, smaller droplet sizes, and narrower ranges of droplet size distributions. Increasing lectihin concentrations resulted in a narrower droplet size distribution but the average droplet size was not always smaller. Conversely, increasing tween 80 concentrations increased the average droplet sizes and ranges of particle size distributions. The most suitab le emulsifier for USF microemulsion was tween 80 at concentration of 0.5%. This microemulsion contained b ioactive compounds derived from USF, namely vitamin E (mainly tocotrienols), phytosterols, and squalene.
Mapping out the origins of compact stellar systems

Abstract We present a suite of extragalactic explorations of the origins and nature of globular clusters (GCs) and ultra-compact dwarfs (UCDs), and the connections between them. An example of GC metallicity bimodality is shown to reflect underlying, distinct metal-poor and metal-rich stellar halo populations. Metallicity-matching methods are used to trace the birth sites and epochs of GCs in giant E/S0s, pointing to clumpy disk galaxies at z ~ 3 for the metal-rich GCs, and to a combination of accreted and in-situ formation modes at z ~ 5–6 for the metal-poor GCs. An increasingly diverse zoo of compact stellar systems is being discovered, including objects that bridge the gaps between UCDs and faint fuzzies, and between UCDs and compact ellipticals. Many of these have properties pointing to origins as the stripped nuclei of larger galaxies, and a smoking-gun example is presented of an ω Cen-like star cluster embedded in a tidal stream.
A NEW ANALYSIS OF RC 4 A Data Mining Approach ( J 48 )

This paper combines the cryptanalysis of RC4 and Data mining algorithm. It analyzes RC4 by Data mining algorithm (J48) for the first time and discloses more vulnerabilities of RC4. The motivation for this paper is combining Artificial Intelligence and Machine learning with cryptography to decrypt cyphertext in the shortest possible time. This analysis shows that lots of numbers in RC4 during different permutations and substitutions do not change their positions and are fixed in their places. This means KSA and PRGA are bad shuffle algorithms. In this method, the information theory and Decision trees are used which are very powerful for solving hard problems and extracting information from data. The results of this Data mining approach could be used to improve the existing methods of breaking WEP (or other encryption algorithms) in less time with fewer packets.
Growth control of differentiated fetal rat hepatocytes in primary monolayer culture. IX. Specific inhibition of DNA synthesis initiation by very low density lipoprotein and possible significance to the problem of liver regeneration

Rat serum very low density lipoprotein (VLDL) inhibits initiation of DNA synthesis in fetal rat hepatocyte cultures; cells engaged in synthesizing DNA resist inhibition. VLDL action is specific and apparently blocks prereplicative protein synthesis. These and other results, from studies of altered blood VLDL levels and [3H] thymidine incorporation into isolated liver nuclei in 70% hepatectomized normal and mutant hyperlipoproteinemic rats, as well as from infusion studies with a "mitogenic" hormone solution, suggest that hepatic VLDL metabolism is linked to the suppression of hepatocyte proliferation.
Revisiting Autonomy And Attributions: A Case In A Malaysian University

Contradictions often occur when concepts that originated in the West are applied in other contexts. Such is the case when concepts like autonomy and attributions are introduced in the context of language education in Asia. The claim that autonomy is universally applicable is refuted when researchers revealed findings which indicate that some Asian learners appear more teacher-dependent than autonomous. In the case of attributions, the claim that people in general credit themselves for successful outcomes (self-enhancing bias) and blame others for poor outcomes (ego-protective bias) appears to contradict findings that revealed some Asian learners have the opposite pattern of attributions, namely self-critical tendency. Such contradictions suggest the need to consider a number of factors like social, cultural and political when interpreting such concepts. Studies undertaken in the Malaysian context propose students’ socio-cultural backgrounds as the reason behind their general tendencies to be teacher-centred and self-critical in the learning of English. They suggest that societies that nurture its members to respect teachers may produce self-critical learners. However, no empirical study has been undertaken to establish the relationship between autonomy and attributions in the Malaysian context. This study is an effort to bridge this gap in knowledge. A questionnaire survey was administered to 169 students of a Malaysian public university and its findings revealed their general tendencies to be both teacher-centred and self-critical. Difference in proficiency levels has some minor influence on autonomy and attributions, and the relationship between them.
Extracting and Selecting Meaningful Features from Mammogram Digital Image Using Factor Analysis Technique

Breast cancer is the most common cancer in women around the world. Various countries including the United Arab Emirates (UAE) offer asymptomatic screening for the disease. The interpretation of mammograms is a very challenges task and is subject to human error. However the Mammography is considered to be a significant method for detection of breast tumors. Hence, finding an accurate and effective diagnostic method is very important to increase survival rate and reduce mortality of the women. Not all the features in the image give the characteristics and information of the image however, only some extracted features that can express enough information about the image. In this research statistical features selection methods have been developed with association with statistical techniques. 141 ROIs extracted from Digital Database for Screening Mammography (DDSM) has been used to contact this research. Our experiment was classified into two stages in order to reduce the image features which extracted from the ROIs. In the first stage we applied statistical techniques to reduce feature with high accuracy rate, in the second stage we applied graph based method and bayesian inference. Our method was able to achieve high accuracy compared to the original selected features.
Tropical Cells and a Secondary Circulation near the Northern Front of the Equatorial Pacific Cold Tongue

Abstract Shipboard measurements and a model are used to describe the mean structure of meridional–vertical tropical cells (TCs) in the central equatorial Pacific and a secondary circulation associated with the northern front of the cold tongue. The shape of the front is convoluted by the passage of tropical instability waves (TIWs). When velocities are averaged in a coordinate system centered on the instantaneous position of the northern front, the measurements show a near-surface minimum in northward flow north of the surface front (convergent flow near the front). This convergence and inferred downwelling extend below the surface mixed layer, tilt poleward with depth, and are meridionally bounded by regions of divergence and upwelling. Similarly, the model shows that, on average, surface cold tongue water moves northward toward the frontal region and dives below tilted front, whereas subsurface water north of the front moves southward toward the front, upwells, and then moves northward in the surface mi.
‘Electronic Noses’ and Their Application to Food

Abstract ‘Electronic nose’ systems involve various types of electronic chemical gas sensors with partial specificity, as well as suitable statistical methods enabling the recognition of complex odours. As commercial instruments have become available, a substantial increase in research into the application of electronic noses in the evaluation of volatile compounds in food, cosmetic and other items of everyday life is observed. At present, the commercial gas sensor technologies comprise metal oxide semiconductors, metal oxide semiconductor field effect transistors, organic conducting polymers, and piezoelectric crystal sensors. Further sensors based on fibreoptic, electrochemical and bi-metal principles are still in the developmental stage. Statistical analysis techniques range from simple graphical evaluation to multivariate analysis such as artificial neural network and radial basis function. The introduction of electronic noses into the area of food is envisaged for quality control, process monitoring, freshness evaluation, shelf-life investigation and authenticity assessment. Considerable work has already been carried out on meat, grains, coffee, mushrooms, cheese, sugar, fish, beer and other beverages, as well as on the odour quality evaluation of food packaging material.
CAD models for multilayered substrate interdigital capacitors

Conformal mapping-based models are given for interdigital capacitors on substrates with a thin superstrate and/or covering dielectric film. The models are useful for a wide range of dielectric constants and layer thicknesses. Capacitors with finger numbers n/spl ges/2 are discussed. The finger widths and spacing between them may be different. The results are compared with the available data and some examples are given to demonstrate the potential of the models.
The Warsaw Framework for REDD: Implications for National Implementation and Access to Results-Based Finance

The Warsaw Framework for REDD (WFR) has established a robust and comprehensive framework for the effective and sustained implementation of REDD activities while aiming at environmental integrity and tangible results. A critical element of the WFR are the modalities for measuring, reporting and verifying (MRV) greenhouse gas emissions and removals as an essential tool for linking REDD activities to results-based finance. This article describes the WFR and indicates six of its implications for the implementation of REDD in developing countries in the context of access to results-based finance. These include (1) the accumulative nature of the requirements to obtain results-based finance, (2) a higher degree of normative bindingness and (3) systematic integration of UNFCCC COP decisions on REDD. Furthermore, (4) the WFR enhanced transparency of MRV processes and (5) promotes centralization at the national level, by linking MRV processes to reporting obligations of developing countries under the UNFCCC and by providing the opportunity of creating a voluntary national entity or focal point for REDD, increasing the (6) need for inter-sectoral and inter-agency coordination. While all six implications will be discussed, the article highlights in particular the aspects of centralization and increased transparency.
Cognitive Aspects of Fetal Alcohol Syndrome in Young Adults: Two Case Studies

Fetal Alcohol Syndrome (FAS) includes a specific pattern of cognitive deficits, including language and speech disorders. Two adult participants were studied by means of the Examination of Language Test and a battery of complementary tests to evaluate oral and written language. Our data indicated great results of the participant who had psychopedagogical and speech-language assistance than the other who did not receive none intervention. These findings suggest that early diagnosis and intervention are crucial to minimize sequelae in FAS.
A Short Primer on the Primal-Dual Method for Approximation Algorithms (Algorithm Engineering as a New Paradigm)

: In this primer, we give an overview of a technique used to design and analyze algorithms that provide approximate solutions to $NP$ -hard problems in combinatorial optimization. Because of parallels with the primal-dual method commonly used in combinatorial optimization, we call it the primal-dual method for approximation algorithms. We give a general overview of this technique and show how it can be used to derive approximation algorithms for a number of diﬀerent problems, including a network design problem and a feedback vertex set problem.
The influence of old leather tannery district on chromium contamination of soils, water and plants

The paper demonstrates the actual level of chromium contamination at the site of the old tannery waste lagoon in Serniki community (SE Poland). Despite the fact that since 1994 this area is not exploited, the chromium presence is still detected in soil, water and plants. The current study is the 4th phase (after 1989, 2001 and 2004) of checking and controlling the chromium concentration in this territory. The chromium content was assessed after soil and plant mineralization using FAAS method. Total chromium concentrations in soil samples reached values of 2.25 - 18.25 mg·kg-1 dry mass. Levels of chromium in water samples ranged between 0.008 and 0.017 mg·dm-3 for Wieprz River and the trough, situated in the tannery centre, respectively. Absorption of chromium by plants depended from the plant species. The highest Cr content in the stalks of Oenothera biennis, whilst the lowest in Phragmites australis were detected. Finally, it was assumed that soil chromium content noted in 2009 was by 42% - 83% lower in relation to the data from 2004. Consequently, nowadays the tannery waste lagoon site is not so threat to the health of local residents and to the surrounding ecosystem.
Pathology’s role as guardian of the patient biospecimen and enabler of precision medicine

When I trained as a pathologist, this concept did not exist, largely because it would was impossible to generate wholesale molecular analysis data rapidly, efficiently and accurately at that time. Over the past decades, breath-taking advances in technology development have transformed the pathologist’s power to interrogate patient specimens and probe the specific pathobiology of disease. The amount of clinically meaningful and biologically significant data that can be generated from biospecimens has increased by orders of magnitude. These data are the sine qua non of precision medicine, informing ever more challenging and multifaceted clinical decision-making. These data also allow appropriate selection of patients for clinical trials, enable trial-associated correlative science, and drive translational research. Furthermore, when these data are shared, aggregated and analyzed across patient populations, they greatly enhance understanding of disease processes themselves.
Incisal Display and Smile Line during Posed Smile in a Young Nigerian Population

OBJECTIVES: The purpose of this study was to determine the ideal range of values for dental and soft tissues relationships as related to the aesthetics of smile in a young adult Nigerian population. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The 170 subjects included in this study were dental students of the Lagos University Teaching Hospital, Lagos, Nigeria and the University College Hospital, Ibadan, Oyo state, Nigeria. They had an age range of 18-25 years (mean age, 21.6±2.2 years) with 102 females and 68 males. Frontal posed smile photographs were taken of all subjects. Quantitative measurements of both soft and hard tissues were made by using a Photoshop, CS, 1995-2010 adobe system incorporated. RESULT: The incisal display for an aesthetic smile in this population was 9.2mm, the smile line was an average smile and the smile index was 7.55mm. CONCLUSIONS: More than half of the study population displayed between 75 – 100% of the maxillary incisors during smile.
IoT for smart home energy planning

This article presents a platform combining hardware and software for smart power consumption monitoring and planning in urban scenarios. The system integrates a hardware controller for energy efficiency, a communication protocol to improve data transmission, and a software module for planning and managing home devices. The proposed solution is implemented applying the Internet of Things paradigm, allowing the integration of computational intelligence techniques. A greedy algorithm is proposed for planning, according to user preferences and a maximum allowed power consumption. Results show that the power consumption of a water heater is reduced up to 38.9%, and two water heaters and one air conditioning can be optimized simultaneously without reducing the quality of service. These results suggest that the proposed approach is useful for home power consumption planning.
Overexpression of Rice Phosphate Transporter Gene OsPT2 Enhances Tolerance to Low Phosphorus Stress in Soybean

Low phosphorous (P) availability in soils limits production of soybean [ Glycine max (L.) Merr. ] around the world. This study was conducted to determine whether exogenous expression of the rice ( Oryza sativa L.) phosphates transporter gene OsPT2 would increase inorganic phosphates (Pi) acquisition and improve yield in transgenic soybean. Cotyledonary-node explants of the soybean were inoculated with the Agrobacterium tumefaciens strain EHA105 harboring the vector pCAMBIA3301-OsPT2 , which contained OsPT2 , gus and bar genes. Ten fertile T 0 transgenic plants were obtained and semiquantitative RT-PCR of progenies demonstrated that OsPT2 gene was overexpressing in the T 2 generation. Three T 2 transgenic lines overexpressing OsPT2 were selected and subjected to testing for tolerance to low concentrations of Pi (low-Pi; 20 µM Pi) by hydroponic culture using modified Hoagland’s nutrient solution. The total P contents in the leaves, stems, roots, and seeds of the transgenic plants significantly increased under the concentrations of low-Pi and 1,000 µM Pi of standard Hoagland’s nutrient solution. Under low-Pi stress, the yields of the transgenic lines were significantly higher than those of the wild type. Taken together, our data suggest that the overexpression of OsPT2 in transgenic soybean lines improves Pi acquisition and seed yield, and OsPT2 may serve as one of the promising target genes that can be manipulated in crop improvement for minor use of Pi fertilizers.