Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
HIGH FIELD BEHAVIOR OF SCRF CAVITIES

The highest achievable accelerating field in Superconducting Radiofrequency (SCRF) cavities is proportional to the maximum surface magnetic field on the cavity wall, the so-called superheating critical field Bsh. The highest experimental field ever obtained on actual cavities made from bulk niobium material exceeds 170 mT, very close to the estimated theoretical Bsh of 200 mT. Other superconducting materials exhibit lower critical fields while thin film technology suffers from high losses exhibiting a quality factor Q strongly degraded at high fields. However, the niobium cavity behavior at high fields is not yet fully understood. Anomalous losses may appear at fields higher than 100 mT, even upon taking a high purity niobium with extremely low impurities contents (high RRR). That indicates a degradation of the superconducting properties at high fields in the very first 50 nm of the metal surface. Experimental evidence is given here for the great importance to this regard of the final preparation of the cavity including chemistry and temperature. In particular, the possible major role of the first layers of niobium oxides and sub-oxides during and after chemistry is pointed out.
Spherical collapse in Galileon gravity: fifth force solutions, halo mass function and halo bias

We study spherical collapse in the Quartic and Quintic Covariant Galileon gravity models within the framework of the excursion set formalism. We derive the nonlinear spherically symmetric equations in the quasi-static and weak-field limits, focusing on model parameters that fit current CMB, SNIa and BAO data. We demonstrate that the equations of the Quintic model do not admit physical solutions of the fifth force in high density regions, which prevents the study of structure formation in this model. For the Quartic model, we show that the effective gravitational strength deviates from the standard value at late times (z≲1), becoming larger if the density is low, but smaller if the density is high. This shows that the Vainshtein mechanism at high densities is not enough to screen all of the modifications of gravity. This makes halos that collapse at z≲1 feel an overall weaker gravity, which suppresses halo formation. However, the matter density in the Quartic model is higher than in standard ΛCDM, which boosts structure formation and dominates over the effect of the weaker gravity. In the Quartic model there is a significant overabundance of high-mass halos relative to ΛCDM. Dark matter halos are also less biased than in ΛCDM, with the difference increasing appreciably with halo mass. However, our results suggest that the bias may not be small enough to fully reconcile the predicted matter power spectrum with LRG clustering data.
Photophysics of the sunscreen ingredient menthyl anthranilate and its precursor methyl anthranilate : A bottom-up approach to photoprotection

The ultrafast excited state dynamics of the sunscreen ingredient menthyl anthranilate (MenA) and its precursor methyl anthranilate (MA) were studied in vacuum (using time-resolved ion yield spectroscopy) and in solution (using transient electronic absorption spectroscopy). MenA and MA both show long-lived dynamics, with the observation of a kinetic isotope effect suggesting that hydrogen motion acts as the rate determining process in the overall decay. Complementary computational studies exploring the intuitive decay pathways of MA revealed a bound S1 state with a shallow ‘up-hill’ gradient with respect to proton transfer. From these results, it is suggested that photoexcited population is trapped in this excited state from which luminescence occurs as a prominent decay pathway. This work has shown that the photophysics of MA and MenA – and hence their photoprotection capabilities – are not drastically influenced by aliphatic structure or solvent environment alone. A bottom-up approach, such as the one described herein, is essential to understand the combination of factors that afford optimum photoprotection and to develop a new generation of tailor made, efficacious sunscreens. © 2017 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. This is an open access article under the CC BY license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
Effects of Age and Working Memory Load on the Comprehension of Passive Sentences

The ability of older adults to comprehend sentences may decline due to the cognitive changes in working memory. Therefore, an increase in working memory demands during sentence comprehension would result in poorer performance among older adults. To test this hypothesis, the present study explored the effects of age and working memory load on sentence comprehension using a sentence-picture matching task. 35 older adults and 35 younger adults were required to match Mandarin passive sentences (high working memory load) and active sentences (low working memory load) with pictures. Passive sentences were found to be more difficult than active sentences for all participants. Older adults responded to passive sentences more slowly than younger adults. However, no significant age difference was found in accuracy of responses. Accuracy on the comprehension of passive sentences was marginally correlated with the effect of syntactic complexity among older adults. Compared with younger adults, older adults were more disrupted by the increased working memory load in the comprehension of passive sentences, but they can compensate for the decline in the accuracy of comprehension by spending extra time on sentences with higher working memory load.
An initial investigation into the impact of tourism of local budgets

Tourist municipalities in Spain have, particularly since 2008, been vocal about a “chronic deficit” linked to public expenditures. Within this context, new strategies to increase revenues have been proposed, including the introduction of tourist taxes. This paper contributes to this debate by determining if tourism activity actually has a negative impact on local finances. To that end, a comparative analysis is undertaken of budget structures between tourist and non-tourist municipalities using data from more than 3,200 Spanish municipalities for the years 2001 to 2010. The determinants of expenditure, revenues and deficit per capita are identified using linear regression. The results found a direct relationship between tourist activity and local deficits in the smallest and largest municipalities, while a beneficial effect is actually seen in the remainder of the sample. In view of this evidence, the option of introducing new tourist taxes should be more restricted in scope and depend upon further evidence on possible cost inefficiency in the affected municipalities.
Data analysis using GIS and data mining.

Recently, many commercial Geographical Information Systems (GISs) have been developed. Their functions are quickly growing up. Researchers and policymakers can input environmental data to a GIS system to gain spatial analysis result which can show up how data are geographically dispersed. Besides, the data mining and data warehouse technologies can automatically mine hidden knowledge and analyze/extract knowledge from raw data, respectively. If we can put them in use with GIS, the hidden meanings or rules embedded in the environmental data can be then more deeply and precisely uncovered. In this paper, we will discuss how to use the two data analytical tools, GIS and data mining, to analyze the data collected for the Situn district so that researchers can realize some facts that can not be superficially obtained from raw data.
The Miocene “Pteropod event” in the SW part of the Central Paratethys (Medvednica Mt., northern Croatia)

Abstract Deep marine Miocene deposits exposed sporadically in the Medvednica Mt. (northern Croatia) comprise pelagic organisms such as coccolithophores, planktic foraminifera and pteropods. The pteropod fauna from yellow marls at the Vejalnica locality (central part of Medvednica Mt.) encompasses abundant specimens of Vaginella austriaca Kittl, 1886, accompanied with scarce Clio fallauxi (Kittl, 1886). Calcareous nannoplankton points to the presence of NN5 nannozone at this locality. Highly fossiliferous grey marls at the Marija Bistrica locality (north-eastern area of Medvednica Mt.) comprise limacinid pteropods: Limacina valvatina (Reuss, 1867), L. gramensis (Rasmussen, 1968) and Limacina sp. Late Badenian (NN5 to NN6 nannozone) age of these marls is presumed on the basis of coccolithophores. Most of the determined pteropods on species level, except V. austriaca have been found and described from this region for the first time. New pteropod records from Croatia point to two pteropod horizons coinciding with the Badenian marine transgressions in Central Paratethys. These pteropod assemblages confirm the existence of W–E marine connection (“Transtethyan Trench Corridor”) during the Badenian NN5 nannozone. Limacinids point to the possible immigration of the “North Sea fauna” through a northern European marine passage during the Late Badenian (end of NN5-beginning of NN6 zone), as previously presumed by some other authors.
Two roads to noncommutative causality

We review the physical motivations and the mathematical results obtained so far in the isocone-based approach to noncommutative causality. We also give a briefer account of the alternative framework of Franco and Eckstein which is based on Lorentzian spectral triples. We compare the two theories on the simple example of the product geometry of the Minkowski plane by the finite noncommutative space with algebra M2(C).
Climate Variability, Oceanography, Bowhead Whale Distribution, and Iñupiat Subsistence Whaling near Barrow, Alaska

The annual migration of bowhead whales ( Balaena mysticetus ) past Barrow, Alaska, has provided subsistence hunting to Inupiat for centuries. Bowheads recurrently feed on aggregations of zooplankton prey near Barrow in autumn. The mechanisms that form these aggregations, and the associations between whales and oceanography, were investigated using field sampling, retrospective analysis, and traditional knowledge interviews. Oceanographic and aerial surveys were conducted near Barrow during August and September in 2005 and 2006. Multiple water masses were observed, and close coupling between water mass type and biological characteristics was noted. Short-term variability in hydrography was associated with changes in wind speed and direction that profoundly affected plankton taxonomic composition. Aggregations of ca. 50–100 bowhead whales were observed in early September of both years at locations consistent with traditional knowledge. Retrospective analyses of records for 1984–2004 also showed that annual aggregations of whales near Barrow were associated with wind speed and direction. Euphausiids and copepods appear to be upwelled onto the Beaufort Sea shelf during Eor SEwinds. A favorable feeding environment is produced when these plankton are retained and concentrated on the shelf by the prevailing westward Beaufort Sea shelf currents that converge with the Alaska Coastal Current flowing to the northeast along the eastern edge of Barrow Canyon.
TIME SERIES DATA MINING RESEARCH PROBLEM, ISSUES, MODELS, TRENDS AND TOOLS

A time series is a collection of observations made chronologically. The increasing use of time series data has initiated a great deal of research and development attempts in the field of data mining. The abundant research on time series data mining in the last decade could hamper the entry of interested researchers, due to its complexity. In this paper, a comprehensive revision on the existing time series data mining research is given. They are generally categorized into representation, problems, applications, suitable c o m p u t i n g packages and state-of-the-art research issues are also highlighted. The primary objective of this paper is to serve as a glossary for interested researchers to have an overall picture on the current time series data mining development and identify their potential research direction to further investigation.
Reversible Watermarking Based on Sorting Prediction Algorithm

Reversible watermarking has drawn a lot of interest in recent years. Sachnev et al proposed reversible watermarking algorithm by combining prediction technology, histogram shifting technology and sorting technology, which has good performance.However, their method is against the characteristics of the human visual system. In this paper, we propose a reversible watermarking algorithm to improve Sachnev et al algorithm by using new sorting method. The performance of the proposed reversible watermarking algorithm is evaluated and compared with Sachnev et al method and other methods. The results indicate that the proposed algorithmhas good performance than Sachnev et al method and can embed data with less distortion.
Maxwell's Equations with Complex Electric and Magnetic Fields due to Massive Photon

By defining complex electric and magnetic fields yields two set of Maxwell’s equations are obtained. The first set gives Maxwell’s equations in free space, and the second set gives Maxwell’s equations in a medium. These complex fields are assumed to be associated with massive photons. The complex Maxwell’s equations are shown to be invariant under duality transformation. Furthermore, two wavefuncions describing massive photons are introduced. One describes the electric charge and the second describes the magnetic charge due to massive photons. The two wavefunctions are attributed to the electromagnetic field due to electric and magnetic charges.
Saturday Morning Cartoons Go MMOG

This paper traces the migration of North American children's television into the realm of massively multiplayer online games (MMOGs), and the issues this raises in terms of the commercialisation of children's (digital) play. Through a content analysis of three television-themed MMOGs targeted to children, Nickelodeon's Nicktropolis, Cartoon Network's Big Fat Awesome House Party and Corus Entertainment's GalaXseeds, I examine how this new development within children's online culture operates in relation to existing industry practices of cross-media integration and promotion. Dominant trends identified in the content analysis are compared with emerging conventions within the MMOG genre, which is generally found to contain numerous opportunities for player creativity and collaboration. Within the cases examined, however, many of these opportunities have been omitted and ultimately replaced by promotional features. I conclude that all three case studies operate primarily as large-scale advergames, promoting transmedia intertextuality and third-party advertiser interests.
Design and Evaluation of a Hand-held Device for Recognizing Mid-air Hand Gestures

We propose AirPincher, a handheld pointing device for recognizing delicate mid-air hand gestures to control a remote display. AirPincher is designed to overcome disadvantages of the two kinds of existing hand gesture-aware techniques such as glove-based and vision-based. The glove-based techniques cause cumbersomeness of wearing gloves every time and the vision-based techniques incur performance dependence on distance between a user and a remote display. AirPincher allows a user to hold the device in one hand and to generate several delicate finger gestures. The gestures are captured by several sensors proximately embedded into AirPincher. These features help AirPincher avoid the aforementioned disadvantages of the existing techniques. We experimentally find an efficient size of the virtual input space and evaluate two types of pointing interfaces with AirPincher for a remote display. Our experiments suggest appropriate configurations to use the proposed device.
Confronting Collaboration: Dilemmas in an Ethnographic Study of Health Policy Makers

In this article we report on collaborative, ethnographic research investigating the first regional tobacco control office in the U.K. and some of the dilemmas it poses. The ideal of collaboration is fully realisable in this setting, where the participants are both eager and qualified to contribute meaningfully to the project. However, the fulfilment of such an ideal poses its own problems. For example, the educational level and professional expertise of some participants allows them to fully engage with the theoretical framework to the extent that they could, if allowed, rewrite manuscripts. Other issues are more subtle, such as how to establish appropriate boundaries between the researcher and the tobacco control office staff. We suggest that the collaborative research model presupposes differentials of power, education and culture between researchers and participants that do not necessarily apply in the case of research in such settings. Where these differentials are lacking, the field is open for dominant participants to assume ‘undue influence’ over the research project. To prevent this, we have reinstated boundaries between object and subject that were originally dissolved as part of the collaborative model. As a result, our project is maintaining a delicate balance between the conflicting aims of objectivity and collaboration.
Investigating the relationship between serum levels of C-reactive protein (CRP) and different types of stroke and its severity

Ischemic stroke is one of the major causes of death and disability, but predictive parameters such as CPR in this disease are not yet clear. The objective of this study was to investigate the relationship between serum levels of CRP and different types of CVA and its severity. In this case-control study, 161 patients with stroke (ischemic and hemorrhagic) were included. Stroke severity was measured based on NIHSS modified on admission and CRP was measured on admission (first 48 hours) and four days later. Then, T test and chi-square tests were used to compare the studied variables among various groups. The results showed that the highest and lowest CRP 48 hours after admission were seen respectively in severe stroke groups (22.56), minor ischemic (10.7), and hemorrhagic group (10.08) and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.001). Four days later, considering the CRP levels, the highest and lowest values were seen respectively in severe stroke (73) and mild (9.25) groups, which this difference was significant. In addition, significant difference (P<0.001) was seen between three severe, moderate and mild groups in terms of CRP rate (P<0.001). Studied groups characteristics including severity of CVA (severe, moderate, mild and hemorrhagic), age of patients, blood platelets, TG and CRP rate at first 48 hours and four days after admission to hospital were effective in MNIHSS amount of patients (P<0.05) . The results of this study indicated that the level of CRP on admission and four days after the admission of patients with stroke is closely correlated with ischemic stroke severity so that increasing severity of stroke causes an increase in level of CRP.
Architecture of in-app ad recommender system

Increased adoption of smartphones has caused mobile advertising to be the secondmost revenue-generating medium among all forms of existing online advertising. Application (henceforth called app) developers try to monetize their apps by selling in-app ad-spaces to the advertisers (or ad-agencies) through various intermediaries such as ad-networks. Surveys, however, indicate that mobile ad campaigns are not as successful as they can be, in part due to inappropriate audience targeting, and in turn, user-apathy toward such ads. This motivates the need for a system, where both advertisers and mobile-app developers gain from the in-app advertising eco-system. In this paper, we propose an architecture of design-science artifacts for an ad-network, to meet the objectives of both these stakeholders.
Characterization and transcriptional analysis of a subtelomeric satellite DNA family in the ladybird beetle Henosepilachna argus (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae)

Satellite DNAs are the major repetitive DNA components in eukaryotic genomes. Although satellite DNA has long been called "parasite DNA" there is substantial evidence that it could be associated with some functions of chromosome biology. Ladybird beetles (Coccinellidae) are one of the largest and most important groups of beetles. Many ladybirds are of economic interest as biological control agents because they eat some agricultural pests such as aphids and scale insects. However, other species are phytophagous and can damage crops. Despite the ecological importance of the latter group there are no studies on their satellite DNA. A satellite DNA family was isolated and characterized in the ladybird Henosepilachna argus. This satellite DNA is organized in tandem repeats of 658 bp and is A + T rich (67.3%). The recorded high sequence conservation of the monomers together with the detection of putative gene conversion processes indicate concerted evolution. Reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) revealed that this satellite DNA is transcribed and in situ hybridization its location in the subtelomeric regions of all chromosomes except the long arm of the X chromosome. The presence of this satellite DNA in other species of the genus Henosepilachna and Epilachna was also tested using PCR. The results indicate that this satellite DNA sequence is so far specific to H. argus.
Going Beyond Average Joe's Happiness: Using Quantile Regressions to Analyze the Full Subjective Well-Being Distribution

Standard regression techniques are only able to give an incomplete picture of the relationship between subjective well-being and its determinants since the very idea of conventional estimators such as OLS is the averaging out over the whole distribution: studies based on such regression techniques thus are implicitly only interested in Average Joe's happiness. Using cross-sectional data from the British Household Panel Survey (BHPS) for the year 2006, we apply quantile regressions to analyze effects of a set of explanatory variables on different quantiles of the happiness distribution and compare these results with an ordinary least squares regression. We also analyze some reversed relationships, where happiness enters the regression equation as an explanatory variable (e.g., the effects of happiness on individual's financial success). Among our results we observe a decreasing importance of income, health status and social factors with increasing quantiles of happiness. Another finding is that education has a positive association with happiness at the lower quantiles but a negative association at the upper quantiles.
Textual Characteristics based High Quality Online Reviews Evaluation and Detection

With the rapid growth of internet, a wealth of product reviews has been spread to the web. The user-generated on-line information varies greatly in quality, which making harder for review readers to identify the most useful reviews and understand the true underlying quality of a product. In this paper, we studied the problem of evaluating and detecting high-quality product reviews. We particularly examined how the textual aspect of a review affects the perceived usefulness of it. Based on a real-world data set, our results indicate that the text-specific characteristics are significantly associated with the perceived helpfulness of reviews. A review is perceived to be useful if the content of the review focusing on the given subject, with rich information and being moderately expressed in subjective ways.