Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Contact geometry and non-linear differential equations

Introduction Part I. Symmetries and Integrals: 1. Distributions 2. Ordinary differential equations 3. Model differential equations and Lie superposition principle Part II. Symplectic Algebra: 4. Linear algebra of symplectic vector spaces 5. Exterior algebra on symplectic vector spaces 6. A Symplectic classification of exterior 2-forms in dimension 4 7. Symplectic classification of exterior 2-forms 8. Classification of exterior 3-forms on a 6-dimensional symplectic space Part III. Monge-Ampere Equations: 9. Symplectic manifolds 10. Contact manifolds 11. Monge-Ampere equations 12. Symmetries and contact transformations of Monge-Ampere equations 13. Conservation laws 14. Monge-Ampere equations on 2-dimensional manifolds and geometric structures 15. Systems of first order partial differential equations on 2-dimensional manifolds Part IV. Applications: 16. Non-linear acoustics 17. Non-linear thermal conductivity 18. Meteorology applications Part V. Classification of Monge-Ampere Equations: 19. Classification of symplectic MAEs on 2-dimensional manifolds 20. Classification of symplectic MAEs on 2-dimensional manifolds 21. Contact classification of MAEs on 2-dimensional manifolds 22. Symplectic classification of MAEs on 3-dimensional manifolds.
Hormonal regulation of CYP1A expression

Aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) is primarily involved in the transcriptional regulation of CYP1A enzymes, which are the main catalysts of the metabolic activation or inactivation of numerous procarcinogens, carcinogens, environmental toxicants, or therapeutic agents. Several endogenous factors, including hormones, can modify CYP1A induction, directly influencing CYP1A gene expression or AhR function or indirectly via crosstalks with other transcription factors. In this article, we summarize the current knowledge about the role of hormones (i.e., glucocorticoids, estrogens, progesterone, androgens, insulin, and glucagon) and hormone receptors as well as other essential factors (e.g., vitamin D, retinoids) in the modulation of CYP1A expression.
Aging affects the adhesive interface of posts luted with self-adhesive cements: a 1-year study.

PURPOSE To examine the bond strength and interfacial nanoleakage expression of fiber posts luted to intraradicular dentin with self-adhesive cements. Six-month and 1-year aging effects were examined. MATERIALS AND METHODS Post space was created in endodontically treated human incisors. Each tooth was assigned to a self-adhesive cement/post combination: (1) Bifix SE Cement (Voco) with proprietary posts (Rebilda Post, Voco), (2) RelyX Unicem (3M ESPE) with proprietary posts (Rely X Fiber Post, 3M ESPE), (3) MaxCem (Kerr) with Rebilda Posts. Each specimen was cut into 1-mm-thick sections and either immediately stressed to failure with the push-out bond strength test or aged in artificial saliva for 6 months or 1 year before testing. Additional specimens were processed for quantitative interfacial nanoleakage analysis using ammoniacal silver nitrate. RESULTS Immediate bond strength ranked in the following order: Bifix SE (7.8 ± 2.9 MPa) = RelyX Unicem (8.4 ± 2.7 MPa) > MaxCem (4.6 ± 2.4 MPa) (p < 0.05). Aging significantly reduced the bond strength of all cements after 1 year: Bifix SE (3.8 ± 1.4 MPa) = RelyX Unicem (5.8 ± 1.7 MPa) > MaxCem (1.3 ± 0.9 MPa; p<0.05). No immediate difference in interfacial nanoleakage expression was found. Nanoleakage increased after aging, and MaxCem showed the highest values. CONCLUSION The push-out strength and interfacial nanoleakage expression of fiber posts luted with self-adhesive cements were dependent on luting material and type of post, and were significantly affected by storage time.
On structural aspects of unconnectedness in knowledge and social networks

Through the increasing availability of access to the web, more and more interactions between people take place in online social networks, such as Twitter or Facebook, or sites where opinions can be exchanged. At the same time, knowledge is made openly available for many people, such as by the biggest collaborative encyclopedia Wikipedia and diverse information in Internet forums and on websites. These two kinds of networks - social networks and knowledge networks - are highly dynamic in the sense that the links that contain the important information about the relationships between people or the relations between knowledge items are frequently updated or changed. These changes follow particular structural patterns and characteristics that are far less random than expected. The goal of this thesis is to predict three characteristic link patterns for the two network types of interest: the addition of new links, the removal of existing links and the presence of latent negative links. First, we show that the prediction of link removal is indeed a new and challenging problem. Even if the sociological literature suggests that reasons for the formation and resolution of ties are often complementary, we show that the two respective prediction problems are not. In particular, we show that the dynamics of new links and unlinks lead to the four link states of growth, decay, stability and instability. For knowledge networks we show that the prediction of link changes greatly benefits from the usage of temporal information; the timestamp of link creation and deletion events improves the prediction of future link changes. For that, we present and evaluate four temporal models that resemble different exploitation strategies. Focusing on directed social networks, we conceptualize and evaluate sociological constructs that explain the formation and dissolution of relationships between users. Measures based on information about past relationships are extremely valuable for predicting the dissolution of social ties. Hence, consistent for knowledge networks and social networks, temporal information in a network greatly improves the prediction quality. Turning again to social networks, we show that negative relationship information such as distrust or enmity can be predicted from positive known relationships in the network. This is particularly interesting in networks where users cannot label their relationships to other users as negative. For this scenario we show how latent negative relationships can be predicted.
Molecular Hydrogen Ameliorates Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Acute Lung Injury in Mice Through Reducing Inflammation and Apoptosis

Acute lung injury (ALI) is still a leading cause of morbidity and mortality in critically ill patients. Recently, our and other studies have found that hydrogen gas (H2) treatment can ameliorate the lung injury induced by sepsis, ventilator, hyperoxia, and ischemia-reperfusion. However, the molecular mechanisms by which H2 ameliorates lung injury remain unclear. In the current study, we investigated whether H2 or hydrogen-rich saline (HS) could exert protective effects in a mouse model of ALI induced by intratracheal administration of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) via inhibiting the nuclear factor &kgr;B (NF-&kgr;B) signaling pathway–mediated inflammation and apoptosis. Two percent of H2 was inhaled for 1 h beginning at 1 and 6 h after LPS administration, respectively. We found that LPS-challenged mice exhibited significant lung injury characterized by the deterioration of histopathology and histologic scores, wet-to-dry weight ratio, and oxygenation index (PaO2/FIO2), as well as total protein in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF), which was attenuated by H2 treatment. Hydrogen gas treatment inhibited LPS-induced pulmonary early and late NF-&kgr;B activation. Moreover, H2 treatment dramatically prevented the LPS-induced pulmonary cell apoptosis in LPS-challenged mice, as reflected by the decrease in TUNEL (deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick end labeling) staining–positive cells and caspase 3 activity. Furthermore, H2 treatment markedly attenuated LPS-induced lung neutrophil recruitment and inflammation, as evidenced by downregulation of lung myeloperoxidase activity, total cells, and polymorphonuclear neutrophils in BALF, as well as proinflammatory cytokines (tumor necrosis factor &agr;, interleukin 1&bgr;, interleukin 6, and high-mobility group box 1) and chemokines (keratinocyte-derived chemokine, macrophage inflammatory protein [MIP] 1&agr;, MIP-2, and monocyte chemoattractant protein 1) in BALF. In addition, i.p. injection of 10 mL/kg hydrogen-rich saline also significantly attenuated the LPS-induced ALI. Collectively, these results demonstrate that molecular hydrogen treatment ameliorates LPS-induced ALI through reducing lung inflammation and apoptosis, which may be associated with the decreased NF-&kgr;B activity. Hydrogen gas may be useful as a novel therapy to treat ALI. ABBREVIATIONS ALI—acute lung injury; ARDS—acute respiratory distress syndrome; BALF—bronchoalveolar lavage fluid; ELISA—enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay; H2—hydrogen gas; HMGB1—high-mobility group box 1; HS—hydrogen-rich saline; i.t. —intratracheal; KC—keratinocyte-derived chemokine; LPS—lipopolysaccharide; MCP-1—monocyte chemoattractant protein 1; MIP-1&agr;—macrophage inflammatory protein 1&agr;; MIP-2—macrophage inflammatory protein 2; MPO—myeloperoxidase; PBS—phosphate-buffered saline; PMNs—polymorphonuclear neutrophils; TUNEL—deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick end labeling; W/D—wet-to-dry
Substrate specificity and identification of functional groups of homoserine kinase from Escherichia coli.

Homoserine kinase, an enzyme in the aspartate pathway of amino acid biosynthesis in Escherichia coli, catalyzes the conversion of L-homoserine to L-homoserine phosphate. This enzyme has been found to have broad substrate specificity, including the phosphorylation of L-homoserine analogs where the carboxyl functional group at the alpha-position has been replaced by an ester or by a hydroxymethyl group. Previous pH profile studies [Huo. X. , & Viola, R. E. (1996) Arch. Biochem. Biophys. 330, 373-379] and chemical modification studies have suggested the involvement of histidinyl, lysyl, and argininyl residues in the catalytic activity of the enzyme. With the assistance of sequence alignments, several potential amino acids have been targeted for examination. Site-directed mutagenesis studies have confirmed a role for arginine-234 in the binding of the carboxyl group of L-homoserine, and the involvement of two histidine at the homoserine binding site. Mutations at these sites have led to the decoupling of the kinase activity from an inherent ATPase activity in the enzyme, and suggest the presence of independent domains for the binding of each substrate in homoserine kinase.
QuickPoint: Efficiently Identifying Densest Sub-Graphs in Online Social Networks for Event Stream Dissemination

Efficient event stream dissemination is a challenging problem in large-scale <italic>Online Social Network</italic> (OSN) systems due to the costly inter-server communications caused by the per-user view data storage. To solve the problem, previous schemes mainly explore the structures of social graphs to reduce the inter-server traffic. Based on the observation of high cluster coefficients in OSNs, a state-of-the-art social piggyback scheme can save redundant messages by exploiting an intrinsic hub-structure in an OSN graph for message piggybacking. Essentially, finding the best hub-structure for piggybacking is equivalent to finding a variation of the densest sub-graph. The existing scheme computes the best hub-structure by iteratively removing the node with the minimum weighted degree. Such a scheme incurs a worst computation cost of <inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">$O(n^2)$</tex-math><alternatives><mml:math><mml:mrow><mml:mi>O</mml:mi><mml:mo>(</mml:mo><mml:msup><mml:mi>n</mml:mi><mml:mn>2</mml:mn></mml:msup><mml:mo>)</mml:mo></mml:mrow></mml:math><inline-graphic xlink:href="chen-ieq1-2881435.gif"/></alternatives></inline-formula>, making it not scalable to large-scale OSN graphs. Using alternative hub-structure instead of the best hub-structure can speed up the piggyback assignment. However, they greatly sacrifice the communication efficiency of the assignment schedule. Different from the existing designs, in this work, we propose a QuickPoint algorithm, which removes a fraction of nodes in each iteration in finding the best hub-structure. We mathematically prove that QuickPoint converges in <inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">$O(log_an) (a>1)$</tex-math><alternatives><mml:math><mml:mrow><mml:mi>O</mml:mi><mml:mrow><mml:mo>(</mml:mo><mml:mi>l</mml:mi><mml:mi>o</mml:mi><mml:msub><mml:mi>g</mml:mi><mml:mi>a</mml:mi></mml:msub><mml:mi>n</mml:mi><mml:mo>)</mml:mo></mml:mrow><mml:mrow><mml:mo>(</mml:mo><mml:mi>a</mml:mi><mml:mo>></mml:mo><mml:mn>1</mml:mn><mml:mo>)</mml:mo></mml:mrow></mml:mrow></mml:math><inline-graphic xlink:href="chen-ieq2-2881435.gif"/></alternatives></inline-formula> iterations in finding the best hub-structure for efficient piggyback. We implement QuickPoint in parallel atop Pregel, a vertex-centric distributed graph processing platform. Comprehensive experiments using large-scale data from Twitter and Flickr show that our scheme is 38.8× more efficient compared to existing schemes.
Visual Acuity and Anterior Segment Findings in Chronic Graft-Versus-Host Disease

Purpose: To report risk factors for decreased visual acuity in patients with chronic graft-versus-host disease (cGVHD) diagnosed after hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT) and to describe the prevalence of anterior segment findings in these patients. Methods: Retrospective noncomparative study of 429 consecutive patients with cGVHD. Outcome measures include visual acuity, Schirmer scores, and ocular surface abnormalities. Results: Of 429 patients, 422 (98.4%) with cGVHD had visual acuity of ≥20/40 in at least 1 eye at the initial evaluation, with 96.5% of patients retaining visual acuity of 20/40 or better at the last follow-up. Ocular surface abnormalities reported in patients with cGVHD included conjunctival hyperemia in 10.5% and chemosis in 3.0%. Pseudomembranous conjunctivitis, symblepharon, conjunctival subepithelial fibrosis, and corneal epithelial sloughing were uncommon. Ocular surface disease commonly persisted at the last documented ophthalmic examination, with corneal epithelial staining noted in 33.6% of patients and keratoconjunctivitis sicca in 53.4%. Cataracts were observed in 39.4% and were associated with a 4-fold risk (P = 0.023) of visual acuity 20/50 or worse in patients with cGVHD. Conclusions: Nearly all patients with cGVHD retained excellent visual acuity despite the high prevalence of aqueous tear deficiency and corneal staining. Limitation in visual acuity in this patient population was most often associated with cataract formation. Conjunctival findings are not uncommon findings in cGVHD, and future studies are necessary to determine if advanced-stage conjunctival involvement with pseudomembranous conjunctivitis may be associated with extensive systemic GVHD and poorer posttransplant survival.
Susceptibilities of nontuberculosis mycobacterial species to amoxicillin-clavulanic acid alone and in combination with antimycobacterial agents

Neither amoxicillin nor clavulanic acid used alone was active at the highest level tested, i.e., 256.0 micrograms/ml, in vitro against 24 isolates of Mycobacterium fortuitum, Mycobacterium kansasii, and Mycobacterium marinum. However, the MIC of an amoxicillin-clavulanic acid combination of 2:1 was < or = 8.0/4.0 micrograms/ml for 50 percent of the isolates tested, with all isolates being inhibited in the range of 4.0/2.0 to 32.0/16.0 micrograms/ml, respectively. Titration of amoxicillin-clavulanic acid with a fixed 2-micrograms/ml concentration of ethambutol resulted in synergistic activity against 3 of 9 isolates of M. fortuitum, 10 of 10 isolates of M. kansasii, and 5 of 5 isolates of M. marinum. This observation was confirmed in a checkerboard analysis in which fractional inhibitory concentrations were < or = 0.5 for 20 of the 24 isolates. Synergistic activity was observed against the other four isolates in one of two trials. On the other hand, titration of amoxicillin-clavulanic acid in the presence of either one or two fixed concentrations of isoniazid, rifampin, cycloserine, tetracycline, or amikacin failed to result in synergism.
Window dressing in spanish equity funds

Los fondos de inversion son cada vez mas importantes para la economia de los paises desarrollados, debido a una creciente implantacion de estos instrumentos de inversion en las finanzas personales. La necesidad de analizar el grado de veracidad de la informacion suministrada por los gestores a los participes de los fondos de inversion, ha motivado una muy reciente linea de investigacion en la literatura financiera que ha permitido identificar un comportamiento atipico en la gestion de dichos fondos en aquellas fechas en las que deben publicitar su actividad. Este fenomeno puede tener implicaciones sociales y economicas importantes, a pesar de lo cual no ha sido suficientemente estudiado, especialmente en el mercado europeo. Por lo tanto, esta tesis pretende contribuir con el conocimiento empirico de las practicas de manipulacion de carteras de los fondos de inversion en Espana, una de las economias europeas mas relevantes. Uno de los principales objetivos de esta tesis es determinar si los inversores espanoles pueden confiar en la informacion trimestral que publican los fondos de inversion.
Review: Evaluating Selenium Poisoning

Selenium poisoning in humans is reviewed from the perspective of the clinical laboratory. While evaluation of selenium poisoning is straightforward when the analytic results are markedly elevated and the patient is acutely symptomatic, distinguishing toxic from non-toxic elevations is a more frequent issue and more challenging. A significant problem is that selenium is determined as its total concentration in spite of the fact that different chemical forms of selenium have different toxic potentials. In the published reports reviewed herein, serum selenium concentrations span the following ranges: 400-30,000 μg/L associated with acute toxicity, 500-1400 μg/L associated with chronic toxicity, and 1400 μg/L. Tissue selenium levels show a complex pattern and significant elevations in organs such as kidney are not always indicative of toxicity. As with many trace elements, measuring selenium concentrations in body fluids and tissues tends to be easier than understanding what the results mean.
Aislamiento de bacterias acidófilas a partir del drenaje ácido proveniente de las inmediaciones a las unidades mineras de Julcani y Recuperada, Huancavelica

Los efluentes de roca y de mina son caracterizados por su acidez y contenido de metales disueltos, por lo general son habitat natural de bacterias del genero y , bacterias ampliamente estudiadas por su importancia en la biooxidacion de minerales y capaces de obtener energia de la catalisis oxidativa de compuestos de azufre, hierro y sulfuros metalicos. Las muestras de estudio provienen de la region Huancavelica de las inmediaciones de las unidades mineras de Julcani y Recuperada; lograndose el aislamiento en medios liquido 9k modificado y solido de agar FeO e identificado mediante microscopia optica la presencia de un consorcio de bacterias oxidantes acidofilas. La contrastacion de estos resultados se realizo por la reaccion en cadena de la polimerasa a un 98% de probabilidad.
Synthesis of NiMnO3/C nano-composite electrode materials for electrochemical capacitors

Demand for high-performance energy storage materials has motivated research activities to develop nano-engineered composites that benefit from both high-rate and high-capacitance materials. Herein, NiMnO3 (NMO) nanoparticles have been synthesized through a facile co-precipitation method. As-prepared NMO samples are then employed for the synthesis of nano-composites with graphite (Gr) and reduced graphene oxide (RGO). Various samples, including pure NMO, NMO-graphite blend, as well as NMO/Gr and NMO/RGO nano-composites have been electrochemically investigated as active materials in supercapacitors. The NMO/RGO sample exhibited a high specific capacitance of 285 F g−1 at a current density of 1 A g−1, much higher than the other samples (237 F g−1 for NMO/Gr, 170 F g−1 for NMO-Gr and 70 F g−1 for NMO). Moreover, the NMO/RGO nano-composite has shown excellent cycle stability with a 93.5% capacitance retention over 1000 cycles at 2 A g−1 and still delivered around 87% of its initial capacitance after cycling for 4000 cycles. An NMO/RGO composite was assessed in practical applications by assembling NMO/RGO//NMO/RGO symmetric devices, exhibiting high specific energy (27.3 Wh kg−1), high specific power (7.5 kW kg−1), and good cycle stability over a broad working voltage of 1.5 V. All the obtained results demonstrate the promise of NMO/RGO nano-composite as a high-performance electrode material for supercapacitors.
New type of Weyl semimetal with quadratic double Weyl fermions

Significance We predict a new Weyl semimetal candidate. This is critically needed for this rapidly developing field as TaAs is the only known Weyl semimetal in nature. We show that SrSi2 has many new and novel properties not possible in TaAs. Our prediction provides a new route to studying the elusive Weyl fermion particles originally considered in high-energy physics by tabletop experiments. Weyl semimetals have attracted worldwide attention due to their wide range of exotic properties predicted in theories. The experimental realization had remained elusive for a long time despite much effort. Very recently, the first Weyl semimetal has been discovered in an inversion-breaking, stoichiometric solid TaAs. So far, the TaAs class remains the only Weyl semimetal available in real materials. To facilitate the transition of Weyl semimetals from the realm of purely theoretical interest to the realm of experimental studies and device applications, it is of crucial importance to identify other robust candidates that are experimentally feasible to be realized. In this paper, we propose such a Weyl semimetal candidate in an inversion-breaking, stoichiometric compound strontium silicide, SrSi2, with many new and novel properties that are distinct from TaAs. We show that SrSi2 is a Weyl semimetal even without spin–orbit coupling and that, after the inclusion of spin–orbit coupling, two Weyl fermions stick together forming an exotic double Weyl fermion with quadratic dispersions and a higher chiral charge of ±2. Moreover, we find that the Weyl nodes with opposite charges are located at different energies due to the absence of mirror symmetry in SrSi2, paving the way for the realization of the chiral magnetic effect. Our systematic results not only identify a much-needed robust Weyl semimetal candidate but also open the door to new topological Weyl physics that is not possible in TaAs.
Formación inicial y conocimiento didáctico del contenido en los profesores de educación física de secundaria de la ciudad de Badajoz

La formacion inicial de los profesores de educacion fisica es puesta en entredicho por los propios profesionales dedicados a la ensenanza. Son muchas las carencias con las que se encuentran al incorporarse a un centro educativo, algunas derivadas del propio centro y otras derivadas de la formacion inicial recibida en su etapa universitaria. Las practicas docentes, la didactica, el conocimiento didactico del contenido, los propios alumnos, sus intereses y motivaciones, las instalaciones y los recursos son algunas de las lagunas que encuentran los docentes de secundaria en los centros educativos al desarrollar su labor docente. Los docentes del area de educacion fisica de secundaria reclaman de la universidad mayor formacion didactica, mas y mejores practicas docentes de los contenidos propios del area. Reclaman asi mismo mayor conexion y adecuacion entre el centro de formacion inicial y el centro educativo donde ejercen su desarrollo profesional.