Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Models and useful relations for bistatic SAR processing

The paper derives a vectorial model for expressing transmitter and receiver trajectories for arbitrary transmitter and receiver motion (nonidentical velocity vectors) in a bistatic syn- thetic aperture radar constellation. The point target response is first modeled in the space-time domain and then transformed to the frequency domain by the method of stationary phase giving the point target reference spectrum. In the reference spectrum, two phasor functions can be identified, the first one resembling some quasi-monostatic contribution and the second one being a bistatic deformation phasor transforming into an elliptic arc in the spatial domain. The multiplication of the two phasors in the fre- quency domain transforms into a convolution like operation in the space-time domain, indicating that the bistatic dataset can be ex- pressed as a convolution like (range and azimuth variant) mapping of a monostatic dataset. In this regard, the paper extends the solu- tion for the constant offset case known from the geophysical liter- ature (associated with "Rocca's smile operator") showing that this case is a specialization of the more general one considered in this work.
Parafiniukite , Ca 2 Mn 3 ( PO 4 ) 3 Cl , a New Member of the Apatite Supergroup from the Szklary Pegmatite , Lower Silesia , Poland : Description and Crystal Structure

Parafiniukite, ideally Ca2Mn3(PO4)3Cl, is a new apatite-supergroup mineral from the Szklary pegmatite, Lower Silesia, Poland. It occurs as anhedral grains, up to 250 μm in size, dark olive green in colour, embedded in a mixture of Mn-oxides and smectites around beusite. It has a vitreous luster, and it is brittle with irregular, uneven fracture. The calculated density is 3.614 g·cm−3. Parafiniukite is hexagonal, space group P63/m, with unit-cell parameters a = 9.4900(6), c = 6.4777(5) Å, V = 505.22(5) Å3, Z = 2. The eight strongest reflections in the calculated X-ray powder diffraction pattern of parafiniukite are [d in Å (I) hkl]: 3.239 (39) 002; 2.801 (55) 211; 2.801 (76) 121; 2.740 (100) 300; 2.675 (50) 112; 2.544 (69) 202; 1.914 (31) 222; and 1.864 (22) 132. Chemical analysis by an electron microprobe gave (in wt%) P2O5 39.20, MgO 0.19, CaO 24.14, MnO 31.19, FeO 2.95, Na2O 0.05, F 0.39, Cl 3.13, H2O(calc) 0.68, O=(Cl,F) −0.87, sum 101.05. The resulting empirical formula on the basis of 13 anions per formula unit is (Mn2.39Ca2.34Fe0.22Mg0.03Na0.01)Σ4. 99P3.00O12[Cl0.48(OH)0.41F0. 11]. The crystal structure of parafiniukite was refined to an R1 = 0.0463 for 320 independent reflections with Fo > 4σ(Fo) and 41 refined parameters. Parafiniukite is isotypic with apatites. Manganese is the dominant cation at the M(2) site, and Ca is the dominant cation at the M(1) site.
Clinical Data Classification using Conditional Random Fields and Neural Parsing for Morphologically Rich Languages

Past prescriptions constitute a central element in patient records. These are often written in an unstructured and brief form. Extracting information from such prescriptions enables the development of automated processes in the medical data mining field. This paper presents a Conditional Random Fields (CRFs) based approach to extract relevant information from prescriptions. We focus on Finnish language prescriptions and make use of Finnish language specific features. Our labeling accuracy is 95%, which compares favorably to the current state-of-the-art in English language prescriptions. This, to the best of our knowledge, is the first such work for the Finnish language.
EARLY EOCENE TESTUDINOID TURTLES FROM SAINT-PAPOUL, FRANCE, WITH COMMENTS ON THE EARLY EVOLUTION OF MODERN TESTUDINOIDEA

The description of three Early Eocene fossil turtle species from southern France illustrates the early Eocene radiation of the Testudinoidea, the largest group of living turtles. Two species of the geoemydid Palaeoemys Schleich,1994, P. testudiniformis (Owen, 1842) and P. hessiaca Schleich, 1994, are described on the basis of new shell material from the Ypresian (Early Eocene) locality of Saint Papoul (Aude, France). A new species belonging to the family Testudinidae, Achilemys cassouleti, is interpreted as the most primitive taxon of this family. In order to assess their phylogenetic relationships, an evolutionary scenario is proposed mainly on the basis of newly published studies in molecular phylogeny, followed by paleobiogeographical considerations, and by a reappraisal of morphological character evolution.
Pooled LSTM for Dutch Cross-genre Gender Classification

We present the results of cross-genre and in-genre gender classiﬁcation performed on the data sets of Dutch tweets, YouTube comments and news prepared for the CLIN 2019 shared task. We propose a recurrent neural network architecture for gender classiﬁcation, in which the input word and part-of-speech sequences are fed to the LSTM layer, which is followed by average and max pooling layers. The best cross-genre accuracy of 55.2% was achieved by the model trained on YouTube comments and tweets, and tested on the balanced news corpus, while the best in-genre accuracy of 61.33% was achieved on YouTube comments. Overall, the proposed approach ranked 2 nd in the global cross-genre ranking and 6 th in the global in-genre ranking of CLIN 2019 shared task.
Prevalence and Comparison of ovine gastrointestinal helminthes parasites in domesticated and farmed , male and female sheep at University Town Peshawar , Pakistan

A comparative, epidemiological survey for the ovine gastrointestinal helminthes was carried out in different localities from farmed and domesticated environment at District Peshawar, Pakistan from November 2012 to April 2013. Fecal samples of 800 sheep were examined out of which 442 were found positive. Standard parasitological floatation techniques were used to identify the parasite eggs. Overall prevalence for domesticated male and female sheep was found to be 62% and 66.5% respectively. Same figures for farmed male and female were 50% and 40.5% respectively. Pure nematode infestation was most prevalent 49.6% followed by trematodes 3.6% and cestodes 2%. Sample study for domesticate male and female sheep were found to contain 15 helminthes species each among which nematodes were dominant in terms of abundance. Similar investigation for the farmed sheep both male and female revealed the presence of a total of 10 species of helminthes with high abundance for nematodes. Female domesticated sheep were found to have highest rate of infestation. The most prevalent parasite was found to be Haemonchus contortus. The findings can be used to sort out and minimize the risk factors for the gastrointestinal infections in both farmed and domesticated sheep of either gender.
A General-Purpose Annotation Model for Knowledge Discovery: Case Study in Spanish Clinical Text

Knowledge discovery from text in natural language is a task usually aided by the manual construction of annotated corpora. Specifically in the clinical domain, several annotation models are used depending on the characteristics of the task to solve (e.g., named entity recognition, relation extraction, etc.). However, few general-purpose annotation models exist, that can support a broad range of knowledge extraction tasks. This paper presents an annotation model designed to capture a large portion of the semantics of natural language text. The structure of the annotation model is presented, with examples of annotated sentences and a brief description of each semantic role and relation defined. This research focuses on an application to clinical texts in the Spanish language. Nevertheless, the presented annotation model is extensible to other domains and languages. An example of annotated sentences, guidelines, and suitable configuration files for an annotation tool are also provided for the research community.
Free Fatty Acids on the Integument of the Striped Flea Beetle , Phyllotreta striolata F . , and Their Effects on Conidial Germination of the Entomopathogenic Fungi Metarhiziutn anisopiiae , Beauveria bassiana and Paecilomyces fumosoroseus

Free fatty acids on the integument of the striped flea beetle, Phyllotreta striolata F. , and their effects on the conidial germination of Metarhizium anisopliae (Metch.) Sorokin, Beauveria bassiana (Bals.) Vuill. and Paecilomyces fumosoroseus (Wise) Brown & Smith were investigated. Gas chromatographic analysis of adult flea beetle cuticular extracts showed two peaks exhibiting a retention time corresponding to those of butyric acid and nonanoic add. Other fatty acids detected were caproic, heptanoic and caprylic acids. Toxicity of these fatty acids to conidial germinaton ofM. anisopliae, B. bassiana and P. fumosoroseus was dependent on their type and concentration. Butyric was the least toxic-only toxic to B. bassiana and P. fumosoroseus at a concentration higher than 0.125%. However, at concentrations greater than 0.075%, all of the fatty acids were very toxic. Nonanoic acid was the most toxic and it completely inhibited conidial germination at the lowest concentration of 0.025%, especially to M. anisopliae and P. fumosoroseus. Heptanoic acid was very toxic to B. bassiana, allowing only 12.5% germination at the lowest concentration of 0.025%. It is surmised that straight-chain fatty acids on the flea beetle integument protected the beetles against the invasion of entomopathogenic fung
A variant upstream of IFNL 3 ( IL 28 B ) creating a novel interferon gene IFNL 4 is associated with impaired clearance of hepatitis C virus

Ludmila Prokunina-Olsson, Brian Muchmore, Wei Tang, Ruth M. Pfeiffer, Heiyoung Park, Harold Dickensheets, Dianna Hergott, Patricia Porter-Gill, Adam Mumy, Indu Kohaar, Sabrina Chen, Nathan Brand, McAnthony Tarway, Luyang Liu, Faruk Sheikh, Jacquie Astemborski, Herbert L. Bonkovsky, Brian R. Edlin, Charles D. Howell, Timothy R. Morgan, David L. Thomas, Barbara Rehermann, Raymond P. Donnelly, Thomas R. O’Brien.
A new algorithm for atmospheric correction of the multiangular and hyperspectral data acquired during the DAISEX campaign

The main scientific objective of DAISEX (Digital Airborne Spectrometer Experiment) was to demonstrate the retrieval of geo/biophysical variables from imaging spectrometer data. Target variables included surface temperature, Leaf Area Index (LAI), canopy biomass, leaf water content, canopy height, canopy structure and soil properties. The imaging spectrometers used for DAISEX were the DAIS-7915, HyMap and POLDER. The campaign took place during the summers of 1998, 1999 and 2000 in Barrax (Spain) and Colmar (France). A new algorithm is under development for the atmospheric correction of the hyperspectral and multiangular data acquired during this campaign. This algorithm is intended to improve the current atmospheric correction by taking into account the coupling between atmosphere and surface (including a non-Lambertian treatment of the latter). Moreover, the hyperspectral data allow to characterise in detail the absorption and the multiangular characteristics of the data allow to describe accurately the aerosol scattering. The method consists in identifying some pixels on an image with an a priori information about its BRDF and assume that the atmosphere is the same over the whole image. Applying a radiative transfer code we can reproduce the reflectance measured by the sensor by modifying the parameters describing the surface and the aerosols through an iterative process. Once the atmosphere is known the system atmosphere-surface is uncoupled and the reflectance for the whole image can be obtained.
Relationship between somatic cellcount and milk performance ofPolish Holstein-Friesian cows

The average somatic cell count in the milk analysed was 326,000 cells/ml. For the 4 groups of cows distinguished in the study, with daily milk yield of ≤15 kg, 15-25 kg, 25-35 kg and >35 kg, the somatic cell count was 771,000, 393,000, 240,000 and 180,000 cells/ml, respectively. Statistical analysis revealed significant differences in the somatic cell count in milk from cows with different productivity. A highly significant correlation coefficient was obtained for the daily milk yield of the cows and the somatic cell count in the milk (r=−0.81). The negative coefficient indicates that an increase in the quantity of milk was accompanied by a decrease in the somatic cell count in the milk. The regression equation obtained suggests that in the study population a decline in somatic cell count of 100,000 cells/ml was accompanied by an increase in daily milk yield of 3.8 kg. The analysis showed that there is a negative correlation between SCC and milk yield of cows. An increase in milk yield was found to be accompanied by a decrease in the number of somatic cells in 1 ml of milk, which indicates an improvement in its quality.
THE ROLE OF ONTOGENETIC DEVELOPMENT IN FISH SCALE SHAPE CHANGES

Fish scale investigation has been used in many ways. Recently several species’ scale shape was used to differentiate species, populations or stocks. Effects of allometric growth on scale shape proved to be a common phenomenon in case of numerous species, however there is no information regarding the impact of temporal (ontogenetic timescale) changes. In this study the effect of intrapopulation age distribution on the scale shape was tested. Seven age groups of a gibel carp ( Carassius gibelio ) population were identified and analyzed using landmark-based geometric morphometric methods. The results indicated a clear trend of ontogenetic-driven shape change of gibel carp scales: the adult fish specific scale shape occurs at the age of 3+, along with sexual maturation, the alterations among the older age classes show no significant differences. These results suggest that the asymmetric age distribution of fish populations should be taken into consideration during scale morphometric analyses.
THE USE OF ULTRASOUND IN THE TREATMENT PROCESS OF WASTEWATER . A REVIEW

In this paper, different types of ultrasound devices for the treatment process of wastewater are presented. The use of ultrasound in treatment processes is a method of perspective, an alternative to conventional methods. This technique is based on the cavitation phenomenon that occurs in liquids at ultrasonic irradiation and it is used to enhance or ensure the processes of heat and mass transfer. Some of the main advantages of using ultrasound, namely low consumption of additional material or energy, are presented in this paper. The categories of the ultrasonic transmitters distinguished on the basis of the principle underlying the generation of acoustic waves are described.
E-Government in Chile and the adoption of XML as standard : Experiences , Challenges and Perspectives

This paper presents the development of e-government in Chile from its beginning until the recent adoption of XML as standard for electronic documentation in Government agencies. The local legislation is the result of technical and legal discussions among the Government, private sector and academia. This work presents the context, the process of implementation, and relevant experiences. Then discusses challenges and open problems to be faced, focusing on IT technical issues, i.e., not considering in depth economic, sociological and political aspects.
Ultrathin Junctionless Nanowire FET Model, Including 2-D Quantum Confinements

In this paper, we develop an explicit model to predict the dc electrical behavior in ultrathin surrounding gate junctionless (JL) nanowire field-effect transistors (FETs). The proposed model considers 2-D electrical and geometrical confinements of carrier charge density within few discrete subbands. Combining a parabolic approximation of the Poisson equation, the first-order perturbation theory for the Schrödinger subband energy eigen-values and the Fermi–Dirac statistics for the confined carrier density lead to an explicit solution of the dc characteristic in ultrathin JL devices. Validity of the model has been verified with technology computer-aided design simulations. The results confirm its validity for all regions of operation, i.e., from deep depletion to accumulation and from linear to saturation. This represents an essential step toward analysis of circuits based on JL nanowire devices.
Gender Composition of Tertiary Education and Early Fertility

The gender composition of peer groups has been shown to affect marriage market outcomes, but there is no evidence on whether the gender composition of tertiary education across fields of study affects graduates’ fertility, even though the college field-of-study peer group is a natural source of potential mating partners. We use variation in gender shares by fields of study implied by the recent expansion of tertiary education in 19 European countries and a difference-in-differences research design, to show that the share of women in study peer groups affects early fertility levels only little: Endogamous fertility by tertiary graduates from the same field of study is driven by the availability of potential partners in the peer group but non-endogamous fertility compensates for this effect for both genders. However, the availability of endogamous partners affects the probability of parenting with a less-than-tertiary educated spouse. We also show that the EU-wide level of gender segregation across fields of study has not changed since 2000, despite heterogenous country-level evolution. JEL Codes: I23, J13, J16
ntioxidant activity evaluation of dried herbal extracts : an lectroanalytical approach arla

The prevention of chronic and degenerative diseases, is a health concern deeply associated with oxidative stress. Such progressive phenomena can be avoided through exogenous antioxidant intake, which set up a reductant cascade, mopping up damaging free radicals. Medicinal herbs are commonly associated with high antioxidant potential, and hence their health benefits. The commerce of dried herbal extracts movements a big portion of developing countries economy. The determination of medicinal herbs the antioxidant activity capacity is of utmost importance. The assessment of antioxidant activity in phytotherapics is mostly achieved by spectrophotometric assays, however colored substances can produce interferences that do not occur in electroanalytical methods. Therefore, the aim of this paper is to compare spectrophotometric and voltammetric techniques to evaluate antioxidant activity in herbal drugs such as: Ginkgo biloba L. , Camellia sinensis (L.) Kuntze, Theaceae; Hypericum perforatum L. , Hypericaceae; Aesculus hippocastanum L. , Sapindaceae; Rosmarinus officinalis L. , Lamiaceae; Morinda citrifolia L. , Rubiaceae; Centella asiatica (L.) Urb. , Apiaceae; Trifolium pratense L. , Fabaceae; Crataegus oxyacantha L. , Rosaceae; and Vaccinium macrocarpon Aiton, Ericaceae. The spectrophotometric methods employed were DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl), ABTS (2,2′azino-bis (3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) and the Folin-Ciocalteu assays. The electroanalytical method used was voltammetry and it was developed a phenoloxidase based biosensor. The redox behavior observed for each herbal sample resulted in distinguishable voltammetric profiles. The highest electrochemical indexes were found to G. biloba and H. perforatum, corroborating to traditional spectrophotometric methods. Thus, the electroanalysis of herbal drugs, may be a promising tool for antioxidant potential assessment. © 2018 Sociedade Brasileira de Farmacognosia. Published by Elsevier Editora Ltda. This is an open he CC access article under t
The C++ Programming Language: Special Edition

Noise detection apparatus included in a peripheral controller operates to detect automatically when a noise record has been stored in the controller buffer storage unit. The detection apparatus includes control apparatus associated with the buffer storage unit which keeps track of the number of storage locations into which data characters have been stored during a transfer operation. Also included are means for selectively establishing one or more counts corresponding to a minimum number of data characters which must be stored in the buffer storage unit before the controller starts to transfer any data characters to a data processing unit. Each time a minimum number of characters has not been previously stored in the buffer unit when the controller receives a signal indicating the completion of the transfer, the controller clears the buffer storage unit of data characters and continues the transfer.
Electrical signal processing techniques in long-haul, fiber-optic systems

Intersymbol interference in long-haul fiber-optic systems can severely degrade performance and consequently limit both the maximum distance and data rate. The sources of intersymbol interference include nonlinearity in the transmit laser, chromatic dispersion in systems operated at wavelengths other than the dispersion minimum of the fiber, polarization dispersion, and bandwidth limitations in the receiver. The authors discuss several techniques for reducing intersymbol interference in single-mode fiber systems with single-frequency lasers and show which techniques are appropriate at high data rates in direct and coherent detection systems. In particular, the performance of linear equalization, nonlinear cancellation, and maximum likelihood detection is analyzed. Computer simulation results for an 8 Gb/s system using measured laser and receiver characteristics showed that in direct detection systems, a 6-tap linear equalizer can reduce the penalty due to chromatic and polarization dispersion by more than 1 dB (or increase the dispersion-limited distance by more than 20%). Nonlinear cancellation and maximum likelihood detection can reduce the penalty even further, more than doubling the dispersion-limited distance in some cases. <<ETX>>
Versatile current-mode loser-take-all circuits for analog decoders

A new concept for finding the minimum between two variables is described in this paper. Two types of hardware implementation of the novel concept are presented in CMOS. The ease of adding and/or subtracting currents as compared to voltage summation is fully utilized to realize versatile current-mode minimum seeking circuits that could find application in analog decoders. The approach presented also has the potential of being extended in a highly modular architecture to find the minimum of an array of inputs in current-mode. The overall circuitry uses single and double output current mirrors as internal processing units connected between a 3.3 V power supply and could resolve a current difference of at least 1.5 /spl mu/A.
Online speed control of a brushless AC servomotor based on artificial neural networks

In this paper, an alternative approach to speed estimation of brushless AC servomotors is presented. Speed control is realized in the following steps. First, the servomotor was mathematically modelled; the driver system was designed and speed control of the servomotor was accomplished with feedback. Next, a network structure representing the electrical and mechanical properties of the servomotor was built via Artificial Neural Network (ANN) and trained with the results of the first step. The weights obtained from the neural nwork training were inserted into the control algorithm in accordance with the ANN. Finally, speed estimation was achieved based on the ANN. The complex servomotor hardware was highly simplified, the cost was significantly reduced, mechanical durability increased, maintenance need dropped considerably, low inertia was gained and the produced noise was noticeably lowered.