Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A Market Expansion Approach for “Thiptawan Cereal Drinks” by Ban Khuan-Pom’s Brown Rice Community Enterprise, Phatthalung Province

การวจยนเปนการวจยเชงคณภาพมวตถประสงคเพอศกษาบรบทการดำเนนงานและแนวทางในการขยายตลาดของผลตภณฑเครองดมธญพชทพยตะวนของวสาหกจชมชนขาวซอมมอบานควนปอม จงหวดพทลง ใชแบบสำรวจ แบบสมภาษณ การสงเกตและการประชมกลมยอยในการรวบรวมขอมลจากกลมตวอยางซงเปนสมาชกวสาหกจชมชนขาวซอมมอบานควนปอม เจาหนาทภาครฐ และตวแทนจดจำหนาย รวม 35 คน ผลการศกษา พบวา วสาหกจชมชนนมการจดการทรพยากรความรและภมปญญาชมชนในกระบวนการผลตมจดเดนในการนำขาวสงขหยดอนทรย GAP มาใชเปนวตถดบหลกของผลตภณฑ แตยงมขอจำกดดานการตลาดและการคำนวณตนทนสนคาไมครบถวน ดงนน การนำแนวทางดานการขยายตลาดโดยการเจาะตลาดเดมเพอใหสนคาเปนทรจกแกผบรโภคมากขน และการพฒนาตลาดเพอเปนการเพมยอดขายและขยายฐานการตลาดใหผบรโภครบรในวงทกวางขนดวยการเพมชองทางการจำหนาย การสรรหาตวแทนขาย การเพมความหลากหลายของขนาดบรรจภณฑ การปรบปรงกลยทธการขาย การประชาสมพนธ การปรบราคาใหเหมาะสม การจดแสดงสนคา การทดลองชม และการพฒนาชองทางจำหนายออนไลน ซงแนวทางนจะชวยใหวสาหกจชมชนสามารถเตบโตสรางมลคาเพมทงทางดานเศรษฐกจและสงคมตอชมชนและประเทศชาต คำสำคญ: แนวทางการขยายตลาด หวงโซ คณคาเครองดมธญพช วสาหกจชมชนขาวซอมมอบานควนปอม This qualitative research was conducted to study the operational contexts and possibility of market expansion for ‘Thiptawan Cereal Drink’, a product from Ban Khuan-Pom’s Brown Rice Community Enterprise in the province of Phatthalung. Data was collected using surveys, interviews, observations and focus groups with 35 subjects from members of this community enterprise, government agencies and distributors. The results revealed that this enterprise applied its resources, knowledge and local wisdom throughout the production process. Its value was GAP of Sangyod Brown Rice which was key ingredient. However, the enterprise faced with market limitation including production cost analysis. Therefore, a market expansion approach with both market penetration and market development was proposed. They were increasing distributors, recruiting salespeople, varying product and packaging sizes, exploring new sales strategies, improving public relations, adjusting suitable price, displaying products, sensory testing and developing online channel. This approach has the potential to benefit this community and the nation through the expected economic and social growth of the enterprise resulting from these forms of expansion. Keywords: Market Expansion Approach, Value Chain, Cereal Drinks, Ban Khuan-Pom’s Brown Rice Community Enterprise
Stressors identified by caregivers for veterans with Parkinson’s disease

Nurses assume that they know the stressors of Parkinson’s disease (PD) caregivers but a scarcity of research findings exists. This study was designed to identify those needs and stressors for the purposes of improving support and developing caregiver educational and interventional programs. Caregivers were recruited from a database of 756 U.S. veterans with PD. A caregiver questionnaire was mailed to a random sample of 300 subjects. Non-parametric statistics were used to interpret caregiver characteristics and variable correlations. A logistic regression model provided insight into factors influencing stress. One hundred and fifteen caregivers participated (38.3% response). Their mean age was 66.6 years. Eighty-four percent had been a caregiver between 3-20 years, and 50 percent estimated a PD disease severity above 7 (0-10 scale). We learned that as PD progresses in severity and requires more physical and emotional support, nurses need to attend to caregivers’ increased stressors and quality of life.
Aggregating labour supply and feedback effects in microsimulation

This paper extends behavioural microsimulation modelling so that third round effects of a policy change can be simulated. The first round effects relate to fixed hours of work, while second round effects allow for changes in desired hours of work at unchanged wages. These allow for endogenous changes to the distribution of wage rates resulting from the labour supply responses to tax changes. This is achieved using the concept of an aggregate ? upply response schedule? which identifies the extent to which average labour supply responds to a proportional change in wage rates. The third round effect is obtained after re-running a microsimulation model with a suitable modification to individuals' wage rates. The method is illustrated using the MITTS behavioural microsimulation model.
Ambivalence about Leadership in Women's Organizations: a Look at Bangladesh

Summary Women's organizations present special challenges for leadership. Feminist organizers are trying to create new organizational structures based on sharing power more equitably among members but they are still in transition and are capable of recreating hierarchical patterns of behaviour. The pressure of the male‐dominated public sphere to conform to hierarchical modes of operation and attempts to undermine women's collective action also affects these change efforts. Women end up feeling ambivalent both as leaders and towards leadership and authority. Self‐reflection and open communication on these issues can increase group effectiveness and solidarity. RESUME Les ambigus concernant la direction des organisations pour les femmes: une etude de cas au Bangladesh Les organisations pour les femmes presentent des problemes particuliers au niveau de leur direction. Les organisatrices feministes tentent de creer de nouvelles structures organisationnelles fondees sur un partage plus equitable du pouvoir parmi les membres or ces nouvelles structures n'en sont qu'a un stade transitionnel et de ce fait, elles restent capables de recreer des modeles de comportement d'ordre hierarchique. Les pressions dans un domaine public a dominance masculine pour se conformer a des normes d'operation hierarchisees, ainsi que les tentatives de saper l'action collective des femmes militent contre les efforts de changement. En fin de compte, les femmes ressentent une certaine ambivalence envers leur propre responsabilite et envers leurs responsables et l'autorite en general. L'introspection et la communication ouverte sont deux moyens qui permettent d'augmenter l'efficacite et la solidarite des groupes en ce qui concerne ces questions. RESUMEN Ambivalencia sobre liderazgo en organizaciones femeninas; el caso de Bangladesh Las organizaciones femeninas presentan desafios especiales al liderazgo. Los organizadores feministas estan tratando de crear nuevas estructuras basadas en una distribucion mas justa del poder entre sus miembros, pero todavia estan en un periodo de transicion y podrian llegar a recrear pautas jerarquicas de accion. La presion por parte de las esferas publicas para una aceptacion de modos jerarquicos de accion y los intentos de socavar la accion colectiva de las mujeres tambien afectan estos esfuerzos dirigidos al cambio. Las mujeres terminan con un sentimiento de ambivalencia tanto con respecto a su posicion de lideres como hacia el liderazgo y la autoridad en general. Para aumentar la efectividad del grupo y la solidaridad deben existir mas auto reflexion y mas comunicacion.
Wind power plants in Czech Republic

The paper deals with history, state-of-the-art and future development of wind power plants (WPP) in Czech Republic. First units of this art occurred in CR in early fortieth of the last century namely in isolated places in the countryside and in mountains, where the electricity network has not yet been established. The boom of WPP started especially in times, when Europe and whole the world were looking for renewable sources of electrical energy. First powerful units in CR connected to the network were installed in the half of ninetieths. The gradual growth of number, types, power output and electrical energy produced by WPP in CR is briefly described. Some problems and difficulties going along with the building-up of WPP are discussed. The corresponding attention is devoted to the electrical part of WPP with regard to types of suitable generators and concepts of WPP arrangement with respect to their cooperation with electrical network.
An evaluation of the Integrated Pulmonary Index (IPI) for the detection of respiratory events in propofol sedated patients undergoing upper gastrointestinal endoscopy

Background: Monitoring of patients respiratory and ventilatory status during moderate-to-deep sedation in upper gastrointestinal (GI) endoscopic procedures may enable early recognition of altered respiratory patterns with potential danger for vital functions. The current standards of care for monitoring the ventilatory status during sedation are pulse oximetry and visual inspection of the breathing pattern. EtCO2 monitoring is not routinely used. The Integrated Pulmonary Index (IPI) monitor is developed to detect specific patient’s respiratory depression and changes status during sedation, by measuring the EtCO2, respiratory rate, SpO2 and pulse rate, displayed on a monitor. This monitor might provide an indication of the patient’s overall ventilator status. The aim of this study was to explore the validity of the IPI index during PSA procedures and its application during upper GI endoscopy treatments, compared with our traditional current standards of monitoring care. Methods: Twenty patients, scheduled for upper GI endoscopy procedures gave their informed consent. All patients were moderately to deeply sedate by trained sedation practitioners. Aside from standard monitoring, additionally the IPI was continuously measured, on a capnostream monitor. All data were analyzed and compared with the clinical status of the patient. Results: All patients were moderate-to-deep sedated for upper GI endoscopy procedures. The mean age of the patients was 56 years. In 15/100 measure points, the IPI values (lower than 7) were not in agreement with the actual clinical state of the patient. The most common discrepancies, 9/100, were associated with an overshoot of the EtCO2 value, due to leakage of CO2, insufflated through the endoscope. Conclusion: The IPI value as an early warning monitor of the ventilation in moderate-to-deep sedation procedures remains unclear and deserves further study. Its use in upper endoscopic gastrointestinal procedures where CO2 insufflation is used by the endoscopist cannot be recommended.
The effects of the family-centered orientation program on satisfaction with healthcare services among patients with coronary artery disease

A B S T R A C T Aims:Hospitalization in critical care units is associated with anxiety for patients and family members due to encountering unfamiliar and strange equipment and procedures. Such anxiety and unfamiliarity can bring patients dissatisfaction. This study was conducted “to examine the effects of the Family-Centered Orientation Program on satisfaction with healthcare services among patients with coronary artery disease”. Methods: A convenience sample of 80 patients with coronary artery disease was recruited to this clinical trial study from the coronary care unit of a teaching hospital affiliated to Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran. Patients were randomly allocated to the control and the experimental groups. The Family-Centered Orientation Program was implemented for patients in the experimental group. Patient satisfaction with care services was evaluated at the time of hospital discharge by using the Patient Satisfaction Scale. Study data were analyzed by employing the SPSS17 software as well as the Kolmogorov-Smirnov, the independent-samples t, and the Fisher’s exact tests. Results: After the study, the level of satisfaction with care services in the experimental group was significantly higher than the control group (p<0.0001). Conclusion: Family-Centered Orientation Program is effective in enhancing patient satisfaction. Using this program for improving care quality and enhancing patient satisfaction is recommended. Conclusions: Conclusion: Family-Centered Orientation Program is effective in enhancing patient satisfaction. Using this program for improving care quality and enhancing patient satisfaction is recommended.
Review of geometric fusion of remote sensing imagery and laser scanning data

Imagery and laser scanning data are two major sources of 3D information. Each dataset has distinct characteristics that render it preferable for certain applications. The fusion of imagery and laser scanning data is a prerequisite to utilising the complementary characteristics of both datasets. In the past decade, a number of methods have been developed for the geometrical fusion of the two types of datasets for better 3D mapping in various applications. This article presents a systematic review of these methods. First, comparative analysis of the derivation of 3D information from imagery through photogrammetry and laser scanning is presented. Then, three categories of methods for the geometric fusion of imagery and laser scanning data are detailed, namely, laser scanning data used as controls for imagery, imagery used as controls for laser scanning data and the combined adjustment of imagery and laser scanning data. The advantages and limitations of the three categories of methods are analysed. Finally, suggestions for future research in this area are discussed, and concluding remarks are given.
New Compounds Measured by Fluorescence Spectroscopy. Amino-Fluorene-Thiophene Derivatives to Be Proposed as Polarity Indicators.

The solvatochromic effect is high in conjugate compounds and easy to observe by the colour change emitted when the solutions are exposed to UV light. It was found in a series of aminofluorene thiophene derivatives, previously synthesized, that irradiating at different wavelengths, the same pattern is obtained, i.e. a dual behaviour in the solvatochromism of the studied compounds. For each one, a bathochromic and hypsochromic effect exists, in polar and nonpolar solvents, respectively. Wavelength vs. polarity index plots clearly showed the abovementioned dual behaviour as well as the improved linearity in its plots. Amidst the wavelengths at which each compound is excited in each solvent, 280 nm was selected as the fixed wavelength for the measurements; (E)-9,9-diethyl-N-hexyl-N-phenyl-7-(2-(thiofen-2-yl)vinyl)-9H-fluoren-2-amine (M6-6) exhibits better linearity as compared to the other studied compounds, being the best to be proposed as polarity sensor or indicator.
Growth, oscillation and collapse of vortex cavitation bubbles

The growth, oscillation and collapse of vortex cavitation bubbles are examined using both two- and three-dimensional numerical models. As the bubble changes volume within the core of the vortex, the vorticity distribution of the surrounding flow is modified, which then changes the pressures at the bubble interface. This interaction can be complex. In the case of cylindrical cavitation bubbles, the bubble radius will oscillate as the bubble grows or collapses. The period of this oscillation is of the order of the vortex time scale, τV = 2πrc/uθ, max, where rc is the vortex core radius and uθ, max is its maximum tangential velocity. However, the period, oscillation amplitude and final bubble radius are sensitive to variations in the vortex properties and the rate and magnitude of the pressure reduction or increase. The growth and collapse of three-dimensional bubbles are reminiscent of the two-dimensional bubble dynamics. But, the axial and radial growth of the vortex bubbles are often strongly coupled, especially near the axial extents of the bubble. As an initially spherical nucleus grows into an elongated bubble, it may take on complex shapes and have volume oscillations that also scale with τV. Axial flow produced at the ends of the bubble can produce local pinching and fission of the elongated bubble. Again, small changes in flow parameters can result in substantial changes to the detailed volume history of the bubbles.
Acceptable noise level test: bases and theories

Background and Aim: Acceptable noise level (ANL) is the loudest level of background noise that human can tolerate while listening a running speech. ANL test is used for the prediction that whether a hearing aid (HA) candidate can use HA successfully by determining how well the individual tolerates background noise while listening to speech. In the current review, we reviewed the basis and theories of the ANL test and the factors that identified from the studies that have conducted on ANL and the influence of this test in increasing the quality of life of hearing aid users along with a discussion of its application in clinical audiology. Recent Findings: Research showed that subjects with a higher tolerance for background noise are most probable to be the successful hearing aid users. Clinical trials demonstrated that ANL test provides reliable results and can predict HA successful use with 85% accuracy. Conclusion: Acceptable noise level is a reliable and valid test that can be used as a predictive index for the successful application of HA, and it is applicable in before/after HA fitting assessments. Thus, it is suggested that ANL can be implemented in the fitting and counseling process of HAs prescription. Further studies are required to resolve biases over the employment of this test in bilinguals.
Flexural Behavior of Reinforced Recycled Concrete Beams

In order to evaluate whether concrete with recycled aggregate can be applied for concrete structures, flexural loading tests of reinforced recycled concrete members were carried out. The recycled coarse aggregate and the recycled fine aggregate were produced mainly from various reinforced concrete members of a building structure as well as from 300 mm cubic concrete specimens. The properties of concrete with recycled aggregates, such as strength, Young's modulus, shrinkage, creep and shrinkage-induced stress depending on the combination of natural and recycled aggregates, curing condition, and water to binder ratio, were discussed based on a comparison with the properties of concrete with virgin aggregates. Furthermore, the flexural behavior of reinforced recycled concrete beams was also discussed through comparison with the behavior of companion virgin concrete beams in which the tension reinforcement ratio, curing condition, and water to binder ratio of concrete, are the main factors. The results indicate the mechanics-based possibility of utilizing recycled concrete for reinforced concrete structures under the proper design and within the proper limit of application.
The Securities-Correlation Risks and the Volatility Effects in the Japanese Stock Market

This article decomposes the market volatility risks into the variance components of individual securities and the correlation components regarding upside and downside risks, defining and analyzing the corresponding sub factors to those components, and then studies the nature of the volatility factors such as pricing and explores the relationship between the sensitivity to the market average volatility and the volatility effects. First, I propose the method of decomposing volatility into the above-mentioned four parts as volatility’s approximate descriptions. Then I apply this approach to the Japanese stock market and can get a high approximate accuracy. When I analyze the Japanese stock market by using these sub factors, it turns out that the fluctuations of the market volatility are likely to be the risk factors accompanied by the assessment of premiums, and that they are consistent with the volatility effects. They are regarded as showing the demand for hedging against the increase in the market volatility, and the fluctuations in the volatility levels of individual securities are assessed as significant about both upside and downside risks, although to a different degree from each other. On the other hand, although the fluctuation risks of the correlation levels is assessed as not so significant, there is a case where it is assessed as significant as the demand for hedging at the time of high correlations due to stock price drops, and this tendency has become more obvious recently. I study the strategies making use of these natures in our analysis on the future returns. High volatility securities that tend to produce low returns due to the volatility effects rise independently in the bull market and drops together with many other securities in the bear market, showing that I cannot expect the effects of hedging on these securities.
Energy Use Efficiency and Economical Analysis in Cotton Production System in an Arid Region: A Case Study for Isfahan Province, Iran

The objective of this survey was to evaluate the energy consumption and the economic analysis of cotton production in Esfahan province of Iran. For this purpose, data were selected from 47 cotton growers using a face-to-face questionnaire. The results indicate that cotton production consumed a total energy of 52507.8 MJ ha-1. Among sources of input energy, the contribution of energy related to diesel fuel (47%) was highest, followed by chemical fertilizers (20%) and water for irrigation (12%). The shares of direct and non renewable energy were 68.3% and 77.7%, respectively. The impacts of indirect and non-renewable energy on cotton yield were higher than those of direct and renewable energy. Energy use efficiency, specific energy, energy productivity, energy intensiveness, and net energy were 0.7, 19.2 MJ-1 kg, 0.10 kg MJ-1, 27.2 MJ-1 $ -1, -15625.2 MJ-1 ha-1, respectively. Total cost of cotton production was 1927.9 $ ha-1 . About 67% of the cost of production was variable costs, while 33% was fixed costs. The benefit to cost ratio was estimated 1.22. It is suggested that efforts to increase energy efficiency of cotton production in the investigated area should primarily focus on proper use of fertilizers and irrigation systems and also on saving diesel fuel by improving machinery operating performance.
Damage of slag-impregnated refractory in steel ladles, influence of interstitial pressure

The origin of spalling in a slag-impregnated bauxite lining of a steel ladle is examined. To study this phenomenon, a multi-physical coupling scheme is proposed. This work then focuses on the role that can be played by the interstitial pressure of molten slag. The main material and thermal loading parameters, which influence the pressure fluctuations, are identified and their influence is analyzed.
The doctorate as an original contribution to knowledge : Considering relationships between originality , creativity , and innovation

This article explores the meaning of originality in doctoral studies and its relationship with creativity and innovation. Doctoral theses are expected to provide an original contribution to knowledge in their field all over the world. However, originality is not well defined. Using the literature on concepts of originality as a foundation, this article shows that originality is not a concept commonly understood. Creativity introduces a focus on the production of knowledge, which is not just novel but also meaningful. Innovation is becoming of increasing importance in doctoral theses with the societal shift to knowledge-based economies and introduces the requirement of immediate relevance for economic purposes in doctoral education. While the three elements appear to be substantial building blocks of the potential contribution doctoral work can make in the 21 century, it is unclear the extent to which doctoral theses fulfil these expectations. The article discusses this problem with a focus on implications for doctoral education.