Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
ynthesis , characterization and photoluminescence properties of Dy 3 +-doped ano-crystalline SnO 2 reejarani

Nano-crystalline of tin oxide doped with varying wt% of Dy3+ was prepared using chemical coeceived in revised form 9 December 2009 ccepted 11 December 2009 eywords: y3+-doped SnO2 haracterization precipitation method and characterised by various advanced techniques such as BET-surface area, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, Raman spectroscopy and photoluminescence measurements. Analytical results demonstrated that the nanocrystalline tin oxide is in tetragonal crystalline phase and doping with Dy3+ could inhibit the phase transformation, increases surface area and decreases the crystallite size. The experimental result on photoluminescence characteristics originating from Dy3+-doping in nanocrystalline SnO2 reveals the dependence of the luminescent intensity on dopant hotoluminescence concentration.
Outdoor Augmented Reality Spatial Information Representation

From the perspective of Location Based Services, this paper explores basic characteristics, architectural design and application mode of outdoor Augmented Reality (AR) spatial information representation. Then system structure is proposed and key technologies are analysed. Finally, two cases are designed to verify the efficiency and accuracy of methods. One puts forward and practices a hybrid hardware registration method. In order to avoid complex and tedious process of position tracking and camera calibration, the other introduces algorithm of computer vision to set up global affine coordinate system for computing projection coordinates of virtual objects into real scene images, and an approach to get the relative depth of pixels is put forward. The results have proved outdoor AR spatial information representation to be an effective optimal method in helping people obtain a vivid and deep-level spatial cognition.
Effect of Heat Stress on Behavior, Physiological and Blood Parameters of Goat

The research was conducted to study the effect of heat stress on behavior, some physiological and blood parameters with nine goats of almost similar in age, sex and weight into three groups. Three groups were divided as zero hour (T 0 ), four hours (T 4 ) and eight hours (T 8 ) heat exposure. Temperature–humidity index (THI) value was calculated as 28.17 which indicate the experimental animals were in extreme severe heat stress. Skin and rectal temperature had no significant differences among the treatment groups but respiration/panting and pulse rate were increased with the increased of heat stress from T 0 to T 8 group (P<0.01). Significant difference was found in standing time and lying time (P<0.01) in experimental groups. There were significant changes (P<0.01) in number of urination and defecation per hour but no significant changes was found in duration per urination in heat treated groups. The amount of RBC, PCV%, Hb%, WBC were increased with the increased of heat stress (P<0.01). Neutrophil, eosinophil, lymphocyte and monocyte numbers increased significantly (P<0.01) in heat treated groups. It can be concluded that heat stress had significant changes on some behavioral, physiological and blood parameters of goat. DOI: http://dx.doi. org/10.3329/pa.v22i1-2.16465 Progress. Agric. 22(1 & 2): 37 - 45, 2011
Breastfeeding, a child survival strategy against infant mortality in Nigeria

Babies grow and develop best when they are breastfed exclusively. Much emphasis has been placed on exclusively breastfeeding an infant during the first six months after birth. However, many women especially in the developing countries continue to introduce complementary feeding before the first six months. In Nigeria, high infant mortality rate still remains a major issue of concern. Several studies indicate that the cause of childhood mortality is due to lack of proper breastfeeding. In this review, we focus on the trends and patterns of breastfeeding, causes of infant mortality and breastfeeding of infants from birth to six months, followed by appropriate and adequate complementary feeding for two years and above, as a strategic intervention against infant mortality and the need to create awareness about the benefits of breastfeeding.
A numerical investigation of horizontal viscous gravity currents

We study numerically the viscous phase of horizontal gravity currents of immiscible fluids in the lock-exchange configuration. A numerical technique capable of dealing with stiff density gradients is used, allowing us to mimic high-Schmidt-number situations similar to those encountered in most laboratory experiments. Plane two-dimensional computations with no-slip boundary conditions are run so as to compare numerical predictions with the ‘short reservoir’ solution of Huppert (J. Fluid Mech., vol. 121, 1982, pp. 43–58), which predicts the front position lf to evolve as t1/5, and the ‘long reservoir’ solution of Gratton & Minotti (J. Fluid Mech., vol. 210, 1990, pp. 155–182) which predicts a diffusive evolution of the distance travelled by the front xf ~ t1/2. In line with dimensional arguments, computations indicate that the self-similar power law governing the front position is selected by the flow Reynolds number and the initial volume of the released heavy fluid. We derive and validate a criterion predicting which type of viscous regime immediately succeeds the slumping phase. The computations also reveal that, under certain conditions, two different viscous regimes may appear successively during the life of a given current. Effects of sidewalls are examined through three-dimensional computations and are found to affect the transition time between the slumping phase and the viscous regime. In the various situations we consider, we make use of a force balance to estimate the transition time at which the viscous regime sets in and show that the corresponding prediction compares well with the computational results.
miR-221/222 control tumor progression of luminal breast cancers by regulating different targets

The α6β4 integrin is an adhesion molecule for laminin receptors involved in tumor progression. We searched for a link between  4 integrin expression and miR-221/222 in the most prevalent mammary tumors in humans, the luminal invasive carcinomas (LICs). Using human primary tumors, displaying different levels of β4 integrin expression and grade, we showed that miR-221/222 expression inversely correlates with the tumor proliferating index, Ki67. Interestingly, the majority of high grade tumors express  4 integrin and low miR-221/222 levels. Thus, to investigate the possibility that miR-221/222 could regulate  4 expression, we ectopically transfected miR-221/222 in human-derived mammary tumor cell-line, that recapitulates the luminal subtype. We demonstrated that over-expression of miR-221/222 resulted in a down-regulation of  4 expression and was associated with inhibition of breast cancer cell proliferation and invasion. The role of miR-221/222 in driving  4 integrin expression was also confirmed by mutating the miR-221/222 seed sequence for the  4 integrin 3’UTR. Furthermore, we showed that these two miRNAs were also key regulators of both breast cancer cell proliferation and invasion through the post-transcriptional regulation of the signal transducer and activator of transcription 5A (STAT5A) and of a disintegrin and metalloprotease-17 (ADAM-17), respectively. By silencing ADAM-17 or using a dominant-negative or an activated form of STAT5A we further confirmed these data. miR-221/222-driven  4 integrin, STAT5A and ADAM-17 did not occur in the MCF-10A cells, denoted as "normal" breast epithelial cells, indicating that such a mechanism is specific of cancer cells. These results for the first time provide evidence of a post-transcriptional mechanism that regulates β4 integrin, STAT5A and ADAM-17 expression to control proliferation and invasion of breast cancer cells. This suggests that exploiting pre-miR-221/222 in aggressive luminal subtype might represent western blot analysis to evaluate 4 integrin and  actin content ( *** p<0.001 MCF-7 transfected with pre-miR-221 and pre-miR-222 vs pre-miR neg c). The results are representative
Free Radical scavenging activity of Fagopyrum esculentum Moench. Seed and seed protein concentrat esextracted by different procedures

Fagopyrum esculentum Moench (Buckwheat) is a nutritionally important pseudocereal because of its high protein content and balanced essential amino acid profile. In the present study, the seed sample and seed protein concentrates (SPCs) of Buckwheat extracted by different procedures were tested for their antioxidant activity by DPPH free radical assay. The maximum free radical inhibition by crude seed extract at concentration 100 µg/ml was found 78%. However, the Lactobacillus fermented SPC shown 73% inhibition. A comparative antioxidant capacity of SPCs were also studied and the maximum antioxidant activity (73.10%) was recorded in Lactobacillus fermented SPC followed by coagulation at pH 4.5 (68.35%) while minimum (62.54%) was found in heat coagulated SPC. The study indicates that crude seed extract showed higher radical scavenging activity than SPC. On the other hand, the Lactobacillus fermentation of SPC raises the antioxidant activity while this property decreases at high temperature.
Increased myo-inositol in the posterior cingulate cortex in first-episode major depressive patients

Major depressive disorder (MDD) is a severe, disabling pathology characterized, in addition to affective, cognitive and motor symptoms, by self-focused attention and rumination. During recursive self-focused processes and rumination, the posterior cingulate cortex (PCC) is activated. In vivo proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) is a noninvasive imaging technique that can directly assess living biochemistry in localized brain regions. The aim of this study, therefore, was to use 1H-MRS as a means of analyzing brain metabolites in the PCC of a group of first-episode, unmedicated MDD patients. PCC metabolite levels were analyzed at 3-T in a single voxel located bilaterally over the PCC in 7 patients diagnosed for the first time with MDD and with no previous pharmacological treatment, as well as in 9 control subjects. Differences in metabolite levels between groups were compared using independent t-tests. Myo-inositol was significantly higher, and NAA + NAAG/Cr significantly lower, in MDD patients than in controls. The other brain metabolites showed no statistical differences. The present results suggest that alterations in PCC metabolite levels are likely involved in MDD pathophysiology, and may help to improve our understanding of MDD and the role of the PCC in some symptoms of depression.
Dynamic modeling of mineral contents in greenhouse tomato crop

Tomato is one the most important vegetables worldwide and mineral nutrition in tomato crops is considered as the second most important factor in crop management after water availability. Mathematical modeling techniques allow us to design strategies for nutrition management. In order to generate the necessary information to validate and calibrate a dynamic growth model, two tomato crop cycles were developed. Several mineral analyses were performed during crop development to determine the behavior of N, P, K, Ca, Mg and S in different organs of the plant. Regression models were generated to mimic the behavior of minerals in tomato plants and they were included in the model in order to simulate their dynamic behavior. The results of this experiments showed that the growth model adequately simulates leaf and fruit weight (EF > 0.95 and Index > 0.95). As for harvested fruits and harvested leaves, the simulation was less efficient (EF
Pedestrian response with different initial positions during impact with a mid-sized sedan

Real-world pedestrian impacts occur with highly-variable or unknown initial conditions of the pedestrian. However, experimental pedestrian tests and computational pedestrian impact simulations mainly focus on the response of the subject using specific initial conditions. The objective of this study is to investigate computationally the influence of posture and impact direction angle on pedestrian response during an impact. The 50 male THUMS pedestrian model was integrated with a mid-sized sedan finite element model initially travelling at 40 km/h. The influence of the pedestrian position during impact was investigated by varying 9 orientations (relative to the vehicle) and 3 standing/gait postures, for a total of 27 impact configurations simulated. Pedestrian kinematics and injury were assessed and compared across all simulations. Substantial variations were observed on the pedestrian torso rotation (-68.9°~57.6°), and head impact conditions (head impact time 111~139 ms, and head impact velocity 10.7~15.3 m/s). The head impact velocity was found to correlate with the impact direction angle, where facing towards or away from the vehicle would result in greater head impact velocity than when struck in a purely-lateral impact.
Anti-Proliferative and Pro-Apoptotic Effects of (-)-Epigallocatechin-3-Gallate Encapsulated in Chitosan Nanoparticles on Human Prostate Carcinoma Cells

(-)-epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG), the major polyphenol of green tea, has shown excellent effects in preventing, as well as treating, many cancers including prostate cancer (PCa) in preclinical model systems. However its applicability to humans has met with limited success due to several issues including its limited bioavailability. We employed the use of nanotechnology to improve the outcome of cancer chemoprevention and coined the concept ‘nanochemoprevention’. Recently, we reported the synthesis, characterization and efficacy assessment of a formulation of chitosan encapsulating EGCG (Chit-nanoEGCG) for treatment of PCa in a xenograft model [1]. Here we show the efficacy of this nanoformulation in human PCa cells for inhibition of cell growth, induction of apoptosis, and inhibition of the colony formation. We further demonstrate that the encapsulated EGCG retains its mechanistic identity for induction of apoptosis. We observed that chitnanoEGCG treatment induces apoptosis and also results in growth arrest of the cells in S phase and the cell cycle-regulatory molecules operative in the G1/S phase of the cell cycle were significantly modulated. All these effects were seen at much lower doses in chit-nanoEGCG treated cells as compared to the native agent. Collectively, chitnanoEGCG could prove useful for preventing and/or treating human PCa.
A Review Paper on Preventing Forged Acknowledgement in Manets

: MANET is a group of mobile nodes that establish themselves into a network without any predefined infrastructure or centralized operation management. Mobile ad hoc networks are advantageous in situation such as flood or earthquake. MANET can quickly be established even though the network infrastructure is unavailable. It is very hard to detect and prevent forged acknowledgement. To prevent from forged acknowledgement, detection of misbehavior nodes plays an important role in MANETs. Dynamically changing topology, limited battery power and absence of centralized control in MANETs, make them vulnerable to detection of misbehavior nodes. Intrusion Detection System (IDS) is required to detect the misbehavior nodes before they can accomplish any significant damages to the network.
Bioluminescence of the poecilostomatoid copepod Oncaea conifera

The small poecilostomatoid copepod Oncaea conifera Giesbrecht bears a large number of epidermal luminous glands, distributed primarily over the dorsal cephalosome and urosome. Bioluminescence is produced in the form of short (80 to 200 ms duration) flashes from withrn each gland and there IS no visible secretory component. Nevertheless each gland opens to the exterior by a simple valved pore. Intact copepods can produce several hundred flashes before the luminescent system is exhausted. Individual flashes had a maximum measured flux of 7.5 X 10" quanta s ', and the flash rate follows the stimulus frequency up to 30 S" Video observations show that ind~vidual glands flash repeatedly and the flash propagates along their length. The gland gross morphology is highly variable although each gland appears to be unicellular. The cytoplasm contains a n extensive endoplasmic reticulum. 0. conifera swims a t Reynolds numbers of 10 to 50, and is normally associated with surfaces (e.g. marine snow). We suggest that the unique anatomical and physiological characteristics of the luminescent system arc related to the specialised ecological niche occupied by this species. Flashing is interpreted as a defensive response to potential predators.
MHC-Ig Dimers: The next Frontier in Transplantation Immunology

Organ transplantation offers hope to a variety of patients with terminal functioning organs and tissues. This is currently made possible by administration of general immunosuppressive drugs. To date, inducing tolerance to allografts has become the holy grail of every transplantation immunologist. In effect, there has been a great deal of research aiming to come up with alternative therapeutic mechanisms that would allow one to do away with or reduce the amount of general immunosuppressive drugs used either at the induction, maintenance, or both phases. It has been shown in recent years that MHC-Ig dimers can induce suppression of alloresponsive T cells in a donor specific fashion. Consequently, MHC-Ig fusion proteins are currently forming the next field for exploitation which is great progress in transplantation immunology since the discovery of the first immunosuppressive drugs in terms of inducing tolerance to transplanted organs and tissues. This review aims to discuss this progress.
Electronic correlations in bilayer-graphene superlattices

Twisting two periodic lattices against each other at a small angle gives rise to large-scale interference-like motives, so called moiré pattern. Twisting a graphene layer against a boronnitride layer has been investigated in the recent past and gives rise to such pattern and a concomitant Hofstadter’s butterfly spectrum in a magnetic field[1]. The physical behavior that emerges if one twists two single-layer graphene sheets against each other turns out to be even richer. The precise manipulation and twist of two graphene sheets was accomplished by Cao et al. in the above papers. Near a magic twist angle θ of about one degree a narrow band is expected to form from Wannier states of the large supercell[2, 3]. Cao et al. prepared such samples and identified correlated insulating, metallic, and superconducting states, depending on temperature and carrier concentration. In the context of correlated electron systems, the achieved ability to tune and manipulate a material is truly unique. The twist angle determines the electronic structure. The charge carrier concentration can be varied via a gate voltage over regimes that correspond to several carriers per unit cell. The moiré patterns of the reported twist angles θ = 1.05◦ and θ = 1.16◦ have a lattice constant a = a0/ (2 sin (θ/2)) of about 50 times that of graphene, where a0 ≈ 2.46 Å. This corresponds to approximately 8 × 10 carbon atoms per unit cell. Given indications for sample inhomogeneities, this makes the observations of low-T metallic charge transport impressive. Remember, closely-related quasicrystals display electron localization with a powerlaw-divergence of the resistivity[4]. Depending on the gate voltage, the carrier concentration was varied between ±4n0 relative to the charge neutrality point of graphene, see
Psychophysiological Measurements in Real Working Environments - Wireless EEG Study of the Operators’ Vigilance

The vigilance decrement and inability of the industry worker to sustain attention during a task can lead to errors in operating, which could further lead to dangerous situations including catastrophic events with fatalities. Therefore, measuring operators’ vigilance level, while performing everyday monotonous repetitive task, is of crucial interest. The current project is related to innovation through human factors in risk analysis and management at the work place (InnHF project, http://www.innhf.eu). The term innovation is justified by hypothesis that it is possible to obtain higher degree of operators’ safety and workers wellbeing by on-line measurement of operators’ vigilance state, using lightweight and wireless sensor systems. Extensive literature review in the fields of neuroergonomics, human factors and ergonomics (HFE), psychophysiology and biomedical signal processing preceded the current research in order to approach this problem in the most appropriate way. At this point, we believe that it is possible to obtain reliable measure of operators’ vigilance state, while performing repetitive task, by continuous on-line recording of the brain signals using compact and lightweight wireless EEG system. The initial experiments have been conducted, using novel and state-of-the-art lightweight wireless EEG system (SMARTING, made by mBrainTrain LLC, Serbia), which confirmed the ability of the device to obtain reliable, artefact-free recordings. The signal strength, judged by visual inspection of known eye-blink signatures and clearly visible alpha activity, proved strong enough for the proposed psychophysiological measurement of operators’ vigilance state. These "entry" experiments were carried out using the open-source open ViBE software package (http://openvibe.inria.fr). Further, we have created the experimental set-up of the improvised "lean" workplace, where the reallife example from one of our industry partners is authentically replicated. This serves to examine the psychophysiological correlates of the operators’ vigilance state, while carrying out everyday repetitive jobs. We have also identified research paradigms and the next step is to perform high-density EEG measurements in these realistic work conditions, identifying the physiological signatures of vigilance state of the operator and offer tools for their realtime detection.
The Challenge of Conforming to Sanitary and Phytosanitary Measures for China's Agricultural Exports

China's bilateral trade in food and agricultural products has grown dramatically since the country's entry into the World Trade Organization (WTO). However, the country faces significant problems related to sanitary and phytosanitary (SPS) compliance because of increasing concerns about food safety, stricter SPS requirements in trade, and competitiveness in export markets. China's food and agricultural industry will need to address the SPS issues and make significant changes in production and distribution methods in order to gain wider access to world markets. This study provides a systematic and comprehensive analysis of current Chinese SPS conditions, the food safety regulatory system, production environment, inspection technology, and information systems. In addition, China's progress on resolving SPS problems and ability to adjust to the current SPS measures it faces in world markets are discussed.
Crystal structure of oxygen-evolving photosystem II at 1 . 9 Å resolution

Present address: Institute for Protein Research, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, Japan. Present address: Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Osaka City University, 3-3-138 Sugimoto, Sumiyoshi, Osaka 558-8585, Japan Present address: The OCU Advanced Research Institute for Natural Science and Technology (OCARINA), Osaka City University, 3-3-138 Sugimoto, Sumiyoshi, Osaka 558-8585, Japan