Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Corporate Bankruptcy Prediction Models (Study in Property and Real Estate Companies Listed on Indonesia Stock Exchange)

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui dan memprediksi terjadinya kebangkrutan perusahaan dengan menggunakan model Altman Z-Score modifikasi, Springate S-Score, dan Zmijewski X-Score pada perusahaan Properti dan real estate yang terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia (BEI) periode 2015-2017. Altman Z-Score modifikasi merupakan salah satu model untuk mendeteksi terjadinya financial distress dan kebangkrutan pada perusahaan dengan menggunakan empat rasio keuangan diantaranya working capital to total assets, retained earnings to total assets, earnings before interest and tax to total assets dan book value of equity to book value of liabilities. Selanjutnya Springate menggunakan empat rasio diantaranya working capital to total assets, earnings before interest and tax to total assets, earning after tax to current liabilities dan sales to total assets . Sedangkan Zmijewski X-Score menggunakan tiga rasio keuangan yaitu return on assets, debt ratio dan current ratio . Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian deskriptif dengan pendekatan kuantitatif. Data yang digunakan merupakan data sekunder yang berupa laporan keuangan perusahaan. Perusahaan property dan real estate yang ada pada penelitiaan ini adalah 25 perusahaan yang memenuhi kriteria dari penelitian ini. Sampel yang diperoleh di penelitian ini menggunakan teknik sampel jenuh karena sample yang ada digunakan semua. Hasil prediksi menurut altman modifikasi pada periode 2015-2017 mengatakan bahwa kebanyakan dari perusahaan berada pada zona aman atau keuangan yang sehat. Sementara berdasarkan Springate kebanyakan perusahaan mengalami financial distress . Berbeda dengan metode Zmijewski yang mana hasilnya mengatakan bahwa kebanyakan perusahaan dikatakan dalam kondisi yang sehat. Penyebab perbedaan ini dikarenakan perbedaan dari ratio pengukur, kriteria dari setiap model yang berbeda dan formula yang berbeda juga. Berdasarkan rangkuman dari hasil penelitian dapat dikatakan bahwa dua dari tiga model mengatakan bahwa perusahaan mengalami financial distress atau financial difficulties. Kata kunci: Kebangkrutan, Financial Distress, Altman Z-score Modifikasi, Springate, Zmijewski.
Lazarillo expression reveals a subset of neurons contributing to the primary axon scaffold of the embryonic brain of the grasshopper Schistocerca gregaria

The authors studied the contribution of seven clusters of Lazarillo‐expressing cells to the primary axon scaffold of the brain in the grasshopper Schistocerca gregaria from 26% to 43% of embryogenesis. Each cluster, which was numbered according to when Lazarillo expression first appeared, was uniquely identifiable on the basis of its stereotypic position in the brain and the number of Lazarillo‐expressing cells it contained. At no time during embryogenesis was Lazarillo expression found in brain neuroblasts: It was found only in progeny. For ease of analysis, axogenesis was followed in a cell cluster that contained only a single Lazarillo‐expressing cell (the lateral cell) in the dorsal median domain of the brain midline. Bromodeoxyuridine incorporation revealed the presence of only a single midline precursor cell in this region during embryogenesis. Intracellular injection of Lucifer yellow into the lateral cell at various ages showed that there was no dye coupling to the midline precursor or to the nearby term‐1‐expressing primary commissure pioneers. The lateral cell is not related lineally to these cells and most likely differentiates directly from the neuroectoderm of the brain midline. Lazarillo expression appears at the onset of axogenesis as the lateral cell projects an axon laterally toward the next Lazarillo‐expressing cell cluster. The cells of this target cluster direct axons into separate brain regions, thereby establishing an orthogonally organized scaffold that the lateral cell axon follows as it navigates away from the brain midline. The primary axon scaffold of the brain results from a stepwise interlinking of discrete brain regions, as exemplified by axons from neighboring Lazarillo‐expressing cell clusters. J. Comp. Neurol. 419:394–405, 2000. © 2000 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Book Review: An Information Processing Theory of Consumer Choice

Each of us has our own criteria for what a good book, or in this case, a good consumer behavior theory book, should achieve. Mine are less ambitious than the 15 criteria proposed by Zaltman, Pinson, and Angelmar (1973), but at the very least the book should succeed when measured against most or all of the following standards: (1) parsimonious yet comprehensive in structure and functional relationship specification, (2) accurate and well founded on prior research, (3) empirically testable, (4) strong heuristic value in generating new research, (5) precise and elegant in construction and exposition, (6) does more than simply invent new words/constructs to describe what is already known (i.e., strikes new ground), and (7) has potential application to marketing management or public policy issues. Bettman has succeeded admirably on some of these criteria, but has done less well on others. Before specifically evaluating his work on these standards, some comment about what the book is and how it relates to other consumer behavior theories is in order. Most consumer researchers are undoubtedly familiar with Bettman's pioneering research which applied information processing theory, mostly parented by Newell and Simon (1958, 1972), Miller, Galanter, and Pribham (1960) and Simon (1967), to consumer decision making. The appearance of Bettman's "decision nets" and verbal protocols in articles published in the Journal of Marketing Research (Bettman 1970, 197lb) proposed a dramatically new method of conceptualizing and measuring the way in which consumers acquired and processed information. This perspective has been continued over the decade by his many students and colleagues. As Hughes (1974) noted, the major strength of Bettman's perspective is the extreme richness of detail and general depth provided in describing the way individual consumers develop and implement decision rules in attaining goals and in that process, acquire and evaluate information. But the weakness is the difficulty in generalizing results of such studies across individuals and situations. Further, the methodology employed to generate data on what goals, plans (sets of subgoals), and decision heuristics are being employed leads
Preparation of Lanthanum-Doped TiO2/Ti Photoelectrode and their Photoelectrocatalytic Performance under Visible Light Irradiation

La-doped TiO2/Ti photoelectrodes were prepared by anodization and characterized by SEM, XRD, XPS and UV/VIS/NIR. Photoelectrocatalytic (PEC) performance of La-doped TiO2/Ti photoelectrodes under visible light irradiation was tested. The results of these experiments showed that La-doped TiO2/Ti photoelectrodes prepared under voltage of 160V, the current density of 100mA/cm, La(NO3)3 concentration of 800mg/L has optimal photoelectrocatalytic performance in Rhodamine B degradation process. Rhodamine B removal efficiency and PEC oxidation were improved 20% and 5% ,respectively, by La-doped TiO2/Ti photoelectrodes than by undoped under visible light region irradiation. Keywords-Lanthanum-Doped TiO2/Ti photoelectrode; anodic oxidation method; visible light; photoelectrocatalysis
The tobacco control scale 2016 in Europe.

This report describes the results of a survey of tobacco control activity in 35 European countries in 2016, using the Tobacco Control Scale, first described in our 2006 paper, The Tobacco Control Scale: a new scale to measure country activity. The data used for the 2016 survey refer to legislation in force on 1 January 2017, price data on 1 July 2016, and the tobacco control budget in 2015. Any legislation, price increases or funding introduced or enforced after those dates are not included. The scale quantifies the implementation of tobacco control policies at country level, and is based on six policies described by the World Bank, which they say should be prioritised in a comprehensive tobacco control programme, namely: • Price increases through higher taxes on cigarettes and other tobacco products; • Bans/restrictions on smoking in public and work places; • Better consumer information, including public information campaigns, media coverage, and publicising research findings; • Comprehensive bans on the advertising and promotion of all tobacco products, logos and brand names; • Large, direct health warning labels on cigarette boxes and other tobacco products; • Treatment to help dependent smokers stop, including increased access to medications. The scale allocates points to each policy, with a maximum score of 100: price 30, smokefree public places 22, spending on public information campaigns 15, comprehensive advertising bans 13 large health warnings 10, cessation support (treatment) 10.
Promiscuity in multidrug recognition and transport:  the bacterial MFS Mdr transporters

Multidrug (Mdr) transport is an obstacle to the successful treatment of cancer and infectious diseases, and it is mediated by Mdr transporters that recognize and export an unusually broad spectrum of chemically dissimilar toxic compounds. Therefore, in addition to its clinical significance, the Mdr transport phenomenon presents intriguing and challenging mechanistic queries. Recent studies of secondary Mdr transporters of the major facilitator superfamily (MFS) have revealed that they are promiscuous not only regarding their substrate recognition profile, but also with respect to matters of energy utilization, electrical and chemical flexibility in the Mdr recognition pocket, and surprisingly, also in their physiological functions.
High speed and secure variable probability Pseudo/True Random Number Generator using FPGA

Random numbers generators are widely used in different fields like cryptography, gaming development, artificial intelligence, etc. Being the engine of some security (cryptographic) protocols, the development of good and secure Random Number Generators aroused the attention of the research communities worldwide. Random Number Generators split into two categories: True Random Number Generators (based on physical non-deterministic processes, like the jitter of an oscillator) and Pseudo Random Number Generators (based on mathematical properties, where the output at the time t is based somehow on the output on time t-1). It is well known that the output distribution of a Random Number Generator (either True or Pseudo) output tends toward 50%. There are some particular cases where this probability must be different (some of these situations will be described here) and this paper will present a way of obtaining this. The novelty of this paper is based on a new approach on the classic Gollmann Cascade PRNG and starting from this, the development of a FPGA implementation to increase its security.
Potential impact of Single Farm Payments on French landowners’ decisions to withdraw land from production

The 2003 CAP reform introduces Single Farm Payments (SFPs) which are not fully linked to production but conditional on compliance with European directives related to environmental, food safety and animal welfare and maintaining the land in good environmental and agricultural conditions (GAEC). This paper focuses on the effects of the reform on land allocation in France. Since it is now possible to receive SFPs for land outside production but maintained in GAEC, we conducted an intentions survey in 2006 to investigate whether the CAP reform provides incentives to French landowners (operators and non-operators) to withdraw some land from production and put it into GAEC, and to identify the determinants behind the decisions. Despite the likely difference in conversion and cross-compliance costs, operators and nonoperators were shown to be equally interested in GAEC. The key variables in landowners' decisions to convert land into GAEC appear to be both monetary and non-monetary.
Conception et études optiques de composants micro-photoniques sur matériaux III-V à base de structures à bande interdite de photon

Ce travail de these porte principalement sur l'etude de nouveaux guides optiques, realises a partir de structures dont l'indice est fortement module et sur des dimensions de l'ordre de la longueur d'onde : les cristaux photoniques. Ces micro-guides peuvent notamment permettre de controler lateralement la propagation de la lumiere dans un guide plan semi-conducteur classique sur des echelles de l'ordre de la longueur d'onde, a la difference des technologies actuelles qui ne realisent cette fonction qu'a l'echelle du millimetre. Ces micro-guides representent de ce point de vue une porte d'entree vers une integration des composants optiques similaire a celle qu'ont subit les composants electroniques depuis 50 ans. Une premiere partie de ce travail repose sur la modelisation de ces structures a partir d'une methode de resolution des equations de Maxwell aux differences finies dans le domaine temporel, notamment pour le calcul des courbes de dispersion. Une seconde partie du travail a consiste a la realisation d'un banc de caracterisation de ces micro-composants aux longueurs d'ondes des telecommunications optiques. Ce banc permet un couplage efficace de lumiere via la generation d'une luminescence au sein du composant. Des reseaux de decouplage ont egalement ete introduits sur les structures d'etudes pour pouvoir collecter la lumiere transmise le long de ces guides. Ce banc a mis clairement en evidence ce nouveau type de guidage et des mesures spectrales ont permis une meilleure comprehension des processus de guidage particuliers a ces composants. Une troisieme partie de ce travail repose sur une etude experimentale et numerique des pertes de propagation de ces guides, qui restent elevees pour des applications pratiques. La derniere partie de ce travail consiste en l'association de ces guides avec des micro-cavites resonnantes, dans l'objectif de realiser des fonctions compactes de filtrage en frequences.
MicroRNAs in inflammatory bowel disease

&NA; MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small, noncoding RNAs that regulate gene and protein expression. miRNAs are critical to a normal immune response and have altered expression in multiple immune‐mediated disorders. This emerging role of miRNAs in the pathogenesis of multiple disease states has led to investigations into miRNA expression profiles in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). The discovery of miRNAs in IBD is likely to contribute to our understanding of IBD pathogenesis and lead to clinical advances in IBD. This review focuses on miRNA expression in inflammation, autoimmune disorders, and inflammation‐associated cancer, as well as their function in the biology and management of IBD. (Inflamm Bowel Dis 2011;)
A journal describing present undertakings, studies and labours of the ingenious

Summary A rationale for maintaining the existence of learned journals is put forward on the 343rd anniversary of the first such journal, the Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society, and it is argued that the main aim of such journals has hardly changed since this time. The new-look British Journal of Psychiatry is intended to educate and instruct, and even entice readers from the functional and far less romantic online version.
The perception of art and the science of perception

For many centuries, artists have studied the nature of visual experience and how to convincingly render what we see. The results of these investigations can be found in all the countless artworks deposited in museums and galleries around the world. Works of art represent a rich source of ideas and understanding about how the world appears to us, and only relatively recently have those interested in the science of vision started to appreciate the many discoveries made by artists in this field. In this paper I will discuss some key insights into vision and perception revealed by artists, and show how they can help current thinking in science and technology about how best to understand the process of seeing. In particular, I will suggest some artistic ideas continue to present fundamental challenges to conventional ideas about the nature of visual experience and how it is represented.
Monitoring for carotid endarterectomy: more or less?

1186 www.anesthesia-analgesia.org June 2015 • Volume 120 • Number 6 Copyright © 2015 International Anesthesia Research Society DOI: 10.1213/ANE.0000000000000734 Carotid endarterectomy (CEA) is one of the most frequently performed surgical procedures. Its efficacy in preventing the occurrence of stroke in patients with symptomatic carotid stenosis has been repeatedly confirmed in large clinical trials, notably North American Symptomatic Carotid Endarterectomy Trial (NASCET)1 and European Carotid Surgery Trial.2 Ironically, the very procedure performed to prevent stroke can cause stroke itself. In general, for symptomatic patients, a perioperative stroke rate should be ≤4%, and for asymptomatic patients, should be considerably less, or <2%. There are many potential causes of perioperative stroke in patients undergoing CEA, but one of the causes of intraoperative stroke is cerebral ischemia during cross-clamping of the ipsilateral carotid artery. This risk varies according to (1) surgical skill, (2) the anatomy of the carotid plaque, (3) the duration of cross-clamp, (4) status of the collateral circulation, (5) comorbidities in the patient, (6) systemic perfusion pressure, and (7) presence of genetic predisposition (e.g., apolipoprotein E4 allele3). To reduce this risk, from a surgical perspective, a time-honored approach is the insertion of an intraluminal shunt before cross-clamping in patients at risk and thus maintaining cerebral perfusion during the surgical repair. However, the insertion of a shunt can result in an embolic stroke when an unstable plaque is accidentally dislodged by the needle shunt.4 (From an anesthetic perspective, a time-honored approach is the increase in arterial blood pressure, usually by 20%, although this author is not aware of any data supporting this practice.)
A study of postnatal growth of skeletal muscle in the rat

From each of five litters of Sprague‐Dawley rats, littermates were sacrificed at 1, 3, 6, 12 and 24 weeks of age. The musculi extensor carpi radialis longus, soleus and plantaris were treated with glycerine while attached to the extremities and then dissected out and fixed in formalin. A transverse section through the thickest portion of the belly of each muscle was projected by a microprojector on graph paper. The entire section and the individual muscle fibers in representative areas within it were outlined. From this the total cross sectional area of the muscle; the number of fibers contained within it; the size, in terms of cross‐sectional area, of fibers; and the ratio of muscle to connective tissue were calculated.
A Real-Time Estimator for Needle Deflection During Insertion Into Soft Tissue Based on Adaptive Modeling of Needle–Tissue Interactions

This work proposes a real-time estimator for needle tip deflection and needle shape during needle insertion into soft tissue. The estimator is based on an adaptive quasi-static mechanics-based model for needle-tissue interactions. The model uses Euler-Bernoulli beam theory to model the needle as a cantilever beam that experiences loads imposed by the tissue. The modeled needle-tissue interactions consist of a distributed load along the inserted needle portion and tissue cutting-related point load at the needle tip. We propose a closed-form solution to quantify the magnitude of these needle-tissue interaction loads based on force and torque measured at the needle base. The model adaptively adjusts the shape of the distributed load as the needle is inserted. Experiments are carried out into gelatin phantom and porcine tissue to validate the deflection estimate's performance. The newly proposed model's performance is compared against a previously proposed quasi-static model for needle-deflection estimation. It is shown that the novel model outperforms the previously proposed model.
The biology of hair follicles.

Hair has many useful biologic functions, including protection from the elements and dispersion of sweat-gland products (e.g., pheromones). It also has psychosocial importance in our society, and patients with hair loss (alopecia) (Table 1) or excessive hair growth often suffer tremendously. Not surprisingly, the demand for drugs that alter hair growth and appearance has led to a multibillion-dollar industry, yet few drugs that are effective for these purposes are available. However, recent progress in our understanding of the biology and pathology of hair follicles should lead to more effective therapies for disorders of hair growth. Structure and Function of Hair .
Raising Bursary Value and Student Efforts to Increase Grades – Preliminary Finding

Abstract This exploratory paper aims to identify and explain student’s opinions on such significant increase of bursary value, their track record of receiving bursary, the efforts they made to increase grades and explore four key factors that form student’s background characteristics: their relations with family, colleagues, friends/ acquaintances, and partner/ spouse. Data collection based on interviews with 33 Engineering students in two phases: individual and group-based written format and included both bursary and non-bursary students. Group-based interviews were designed and performed based on preliminary data analysis and enabled a better understanding of the interactions regarding bursary increase among the same group of students. Data analysis revealed complex interactions among factors that determine increased effort for learning influenced by amount of effort and family’s financial support, pride of accomplishment and being part of the best students as well as personal ambition and competitiveness. The relations with family and financial support provided (or lack of it) have in most cases a critical impact upon Engineering student’s efforts on learning and getting the grant. Entourage, cohort colleagues and close friends also influence student behavior through imitation and by selfarranging students into categories: with bursary (excellent or just good grades), no bursary (grades close or away from bursary trash hold) with dynamic positioning depending on context.