Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
An Investigation into Enterobacteriaceae Responsible for Early Mortality in Japanese Quail Chicks and Their Antibiotic Susceptibility Patterns.

Quail is an alternative source of protein for humans. These birds can be affected by common bacterial infections. Bacterial contamination of egg is the most common cause of mortality in Japanese quail chicks. In order to study the role of some members of Enterobacteriaceae responsible for early mortality in Japanese quail chicks, 100 dead or moribund quail chicks were obtained from 10 different farms in Ahvaz, Iran. Samples were taken from the liver and yolk sac of the birds and bacterial isolation from samples was conducted by streaking them on MacConkey, Brilliant Green, Salmonella-Shigella and Xylose Lysine Deoxycholate agar plates. The plates were incubated at 37 °C for 24-48 hours, and by standard biochemical tests bacterial isolates were identified. Final confirmation of Salmonella serotypes was performed by Razi Institute. All the isolates were examined for susceptibility to 12 different antibiotics (Padtan-Teb Co., Tehran, Iran) by the disk diffusion (Kirby Bauer) method. The results showed that 78% of the quail chicks were infected. The isolated bacteria were Escherichia coli (44%), Klebsiella pneumonia (8%), Salmonella serovar ruzizi (5%), Salmonella serovar typhimurium (3%), Enterobacter cloacae (4%), Enterobacter aerogenes (4%), Proteus vulgaris (5%) and Proteus mirabilis (5%). One hundred percent susceptibility was observed to gentamycin, soltrim, tetracycline, fosfomycin, florfenicol, cephalexin and ceftriaxone. E. coli isolates were susceptible to soltrim and ceftriaxone, Salmonella isolates were susceptible to fosfomycin, Enterobacter isolates were susceptible to ceftriaxone and Proteus and Klebsiella isolates showed susceptibility to ceftriaxone. It is concluded that the members of Enterobacteriaceae family, specifically the genera Escherichia and Salmonella, are the major causes of early mortality in newly-hatched Japanese quail chicks.
Homologous Recombination: A GRAS Yeast Genome Editing Tool

The fermentation industry is known to be very conservative, relying on traditional yeast management. Yet, in the modern fast-paced world, change comes about in facets such as climate change altering the quality and quantity of harvests, changes due to government regulations e.g., the use of pesticides or SO2, the need to become more sustainable, and of course by changes in consumer preferences. As a silent companion of the fermentation industry, the wine yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae has followed mankind through millennia, changing from a Kulturfolger, into a domesticated species for the production of bread, beer, and wine and further on into a platform strain for the production of biofuels, enzymes, flavors, or pharmaceuticals. This success story is based on the ‘awesome power of yeast genetics’. Central to this is the very efficient homologous recombination (HR) machinery of S. cerevisiae that allows highly-specific genome edits. This microsurgery tool is so reliable that yeast has put a generally recognized as safe (GRAS) label onto itself and entrusted to itself the life-changing decision of mating type-switching. Later, yeast became its own genome editor, interpreted as domestication events, to adapt to harsh fermentation conditions. In biotechnology, yeast HR has been used with tremendous success over the last 40 years. Here we discuss several types of yeast genome edits then focus on HR and its inherent potential for evolving novel wine yeast strains and styles relevant for changing markets.
Equivalence Testing of Weighted Automata over Partially Commutative Monoids

We study \emph{multiplicity equivalence} testing of automata over partially commutative monoids (pc monoids) and show efficient algorithms in special cases, exploiting the structure of the underlying non-commutation graph of the monoid. Specifically, if the clique cover number of the non-commutation graph (the minimum number of cliques covering the graph) of the pc monoid is a constant, we obtain a deterministic quasi-polynomial time algorithm. As a consequence, we also obtain the first deterministic quasi-polynomial time algorithms for multiplicity equivalence testing of $k$-tape automata and for equivalence testing of deterministic $k$-tape automata for constant $k$. Prior to this, a randomized polynomial-time algorithm for the above problems was shown by Worrell [ICALP 2013]. We also consider pc monoids for which the non-commutation graphs have cover consisting of at most $k$ cliques and star graphs for any constant $k$. We obtain randomized polynomial-time algorithm for multiplicity equivalence testing of automata over such monoids.
Discontinuous Galerkin Discretization with Embedded Boundary Conditions

Abstract The purpose of this paper is to introduce discretization methods of discontinuous Galerkin type for solving second-order elliptic PDEs on a structured, regular rectangular grid, while the problem is defined on a curved boundary. The methods aim at high-order accuracy and the difficulty arises since the regular grid cannot follow the curved boundary. Starting with the Lagrange multiplier formulation for the boundary conditions, we derive variational forms for the discretization of 2-D elliptic problems with embedded Dirichlet boundary conditions. Within the framework of structured, regular rectangular grids, we treat curved boundaries according to the principles that underlie the discontinuous Galerkin method. Thus, the high-order DGdiscretization is adapted in cells with embedded boundaries. We give examples of approximation with tensor products of cubic polynomials. As an illustration, we solve a convection-dominated boundary-value problem on a complex domain. Although, of course, it is impossible to accurately represent a boundary layer with a complex structure by means of cubic polynomials, the boundary condition treatment appears quite effective in handling such complex situations.
Ameliorative effects of histidine on oxidative stress, tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), and renal histological alterations in streptozotocin/nicotinamide-induced type 2 diabetic rats

Objective(s): The present study sought to evaluate the beneficial effects of histidine (His) on oxidative stress, tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), renal histological alterations and anti-oxidant enzymes gene expressions in type 2 diabetic rats. Materials and Methods: Streptozotocin/nicotinamide (STZ/NA) induced diabetic rats were used as an animal model of type 2 diabetes. One group of rats received daily His (1000 mg/l) in drinking water for 8 weeks, whereas other groups (control and untreated diabetic groups) received only water. Different parameters such as glucose, insulin, insulin resistance, lipid profile, cardiac risk ratios, renal functional markers, and oxidative stress were determined in all groups. Moreover, renal histological alterations, mRNA expressions of anti-oxidant enzymes, and TNF-α were evaluated in the rats. Results: His exhibited a protective effect on glucose, insulin, insulin resistance, lipid profile, cardiac risk ratios, renal functional markers, oxidative stress, and TNF-α. Furthermore, His restored the renal histological alterations and normalized the augmented mRNA expressions of renal anti-oxidant enzymes (glutathione peroxidase (GPX) and Cu-Zn superoxide dismutase (Cu-Zn SOD)) and TNF-α. Conclusion: His could ameliorate diabetes complications related to oxidative stress, inflammation, dyslipidemia, hyperglycemia, insulin resistance, and nephropathy. Hence, the use of this amino acid is recommended for diabetic patients in order to reduce diabetes complications.
Design and Implementation of a Negative Voltage Fault Injection Attack Prototype

Fault attacks are a well known physical attack type. A common fault injection technique is a short term variation of the supply voltage causing a vulnerable processor to misinterpret or skip instructions. Conventional voltage fault injection attacks thus often pull the supply voltage either to GND or to a low positive voltage. However, with steadily increasing integration depths and device speeds, classical voltage fault injection suffers from increasing capacitive loads and short glitch duration requirements that are no longer feasible when pulling to GND or even to a positive voltage. In this paper, we present negative voltage fault injection attacks as a potential solution to this problem. In contrast to conventional voltage fault injection, negative voltage levels are used to discharge the target with significantly higher slew rates. We explored several design approaches to generate negative voltage glitches. The most promising design has been chosen for a hardware prototype implementation. Our results indicate that negative voltage fault injection enables shorter glitch pulse widths in presence of capacitive loads. We thus believe that our approach is promising for devices with high integration depths.
A criterion space search algorithm for mixed integer linear maximum multiplicative programs: a multiobjective optimization approach

We study a class of mixed integer optimization problems with linear constraints and a multi-linear objective function, the so-called mixed integer linear maximum multiplicative programs (MIL-MMPs). Such a problem can be transformed into a Second-order Cone Program (SOCP) and can be solved effectively by a commercial solver such as CPLEX. However, MIL-MMPs can also be viewed as special cases of the problem of optimization over the set of efficient solutions in multi-objective optimization. By using this observation, we develop a criterion space search algorithm for solving any MIL-MMP. An extensive computational study on around 2000 instances illustrates that the proposed algorithm significantly outperforms not only the CPLEX Mixed Integer SOCP solver but also a state-of-the-art algorithm which is capable of solving special cases of MIL-MMPs. Moreover, the computational study illustrates that even if we linearize the objective function and solve the linearized problem by CPLEX, the proposed algorithm still performs significantly better.
Computer-Based Horse Race Handicapping and Wagering Systems

AbstractThis paper examines the elements necessary for a practical and successful computerized horse race handicapping and wagering system. Data requirements, handicapping model development, wagering strategy, and feasibility are addressed. A logit-based technique and a corresponding heuristic measure of improvement are described for combining a fundamental handicapping model with the public's implied probability estimates. The author reports significant positive results in five years of actual implementation of such a system. This result can be interpreted as evidence of inefficiency in pari-mutuel racetrack wagering. This paper aims to emphasize those aspects of computer handicapping which the author has found most important in practical application of such a system.
Ultra-wide bandwidth piezoelectric energy harvesting

Here, we present an ultra wide-bandwidth energy harvester by exploiting the nonlinear stiffness of a doubly clamped microelectromechanical systems (MEMSs) resonator. The stretching strain in a doubly clamped beam shows a nonlinear stiffness, which provides a passive feedback and results in amplitude-stiffened Duffing mode resonance. This design has been fabricated into a compact MEMS device, which is about the size of a US quarter coin. Based on the open circuit voltage measurement, it is expected to have more than one order of magnitude improvement in both bandwidth (more than 20% of the peak frequency) and power density (up to 2 W/cm3) in comparison to the devices previously reported.
A REVIEW ON WIRELESS BODY AREA NETWORKS

In wireless body area networks various sensors are attached on clothing or on the body or even implanted under the skin. The wireless nature of the network and the wide variety of sensors offer numerous new, practical and innovative applications to improve health care and the Quality of Life. Using a WBAN, the patient experiences a greater physical mobility and is no longer compelled to stay in the hospital. In this paper, we present an overview of wireless body area network and we also provide the differences between Wireless Body Area Network and Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) that is inadequate to apply in WBAN. We also present an idea to improve healthcare systems in India with the help of telecommunication and information technology by using wearable and implantable body sensor nodes which does not affect the mobility of the patients. We discuss how the wireless body area networks are used for healthcare monitoring by using multiple sensor nodes. In this paper we present various innovations and discuss promising new trends of wireless body area networks for ubiquitous health monitoring applications.
The Rise of Optimality Theory in First Century Palestine

Originally published in Glot International 2,1/2, page 8, January/February 1996. Why do some scientific theories gain adherents while others do not? And why do new theories arise when they do, and not at another time? The simple answer—that the successful theories are true, and they arise when the truth is recognized—cannot be sufficient, for two reasons. First, nobody knows at the outset whether a theory is true or not; and second, no theory has yet turned out to be true. Therefore, there must be other factors which account for the rise of a new theory or paradigm. Thomas Kuhn has observed that the “logical history” of a field—the way it is presented in textbooks—represents an idealized version, formulated after the fact, of the actual history. At the very early stages of a new theory, it is quite likely that even many of its adherents cannot articulate exactly what it is that appeals to them about the theory, or why they think that it is the right way to go. “It’s kind of neat” is often enough of a reason at first.
Digital Trade Feature Map: A New Method for Visualization and Analysis of Spatial Patterns in Bilateral Trade

Product bilateral trade features can be organized and expressed in the Cartesian coordinate system by taking imports and exports as X and Y, which is similar to spatial visualization. Hence, geospatial expression and analysis methodologies can be applied in bilateral trade studies. In this paper, we propose a new digital trade feature map (DTFM) method for the visualization of bilateral trade features from a spatial perspective. The implementation process of DTFM can be summarized as feature extraction, visualization, and analysis. China–US bilateral trade data were used in several case studies. As the case studies show, the DTFM has the advantages of clear expression, easy operationalization and is highly extensible. Moreover, this method can provide a broader perspective for the understanding of trade features, i.e., in comprehensively considering the features of a specific product type and its neighbors. Furthermore, we propose an extensible DTFM application framework into which different trade features, different grid generation modes, and numerous spatial analysis models can be readily integrated.
A New Similarity Model Based on Collaborative Filtering for New User Cold Start Recommendation

SUMMARY Collaborative ﬁltering (CF) is one of the most popular approaches to building Recommender systems (RS) and has been extensively implemented in many online applications. But it still su ﬀ ers from the new user cold start problem that users have only a small number of items interaction or purchase records in the system, resulting in poor recommendation performance. Thus, we design a new similarity model which can fully utilize the limited rating information of cold users. We ﬁrst construct a new metric, Popularity-Mean Squared Di ﬀ erence, considering the inﬂuence of popular items, average di ﬀ erence between two user’s common ratings and non-numerical information of ratings. Moreover, the second new metric, Singularity-Di ﬀ erence, presents the deviation degree of favor to items be-tween two users. It considers the distribution of the similarity degree of co-ratings between two users as weight to adjust the deviation degree. Finally, we take account of user’s personal rating preferences through introducing the mean and variance of user ratings. Experiment results based on three real-life datasets of MovieLens, Epinions and Netﬂix demonstrate that the proposed model outperforms seven popular similarity methods in terms of MAE, precision, recall and F1-Measure under new user cold start condition. key words: recommender systems, collaborative ﬁltering, cold start problem, similarity model
Title Design of a single ultra-low-loss magnetic ballast for a widerange of T 5 high-efficiency fluorescent lamps

A patent-pending single design of an ultralow-loss (ULL) magnetic ballast for T5 high-efficient (T5-HE) fluorescent lamps rated from 14 to 35 W is presented. Based on the use of a nonlinear physical low-pressure discharge lamp model, it is discovered that the same set of ballast parameters can be chosen for operating T5-HE 14-, 21-, 28-, and 35-W lamps at their respective rated power at a mains voltage in the range of 220–240 V. With energy efficiency higher than and lifetime much longer than their electronic counterparts and being recyclable, the ULL ballasts offer a more environmentally friendly solution to T5-HE lamps than electronic ballasts. This single-ballast design offers great convenience to both ballast manufacturers and users, because only one product design can cover a range of the most popular T5-HE lamps. Both theoretical analysis and experimental results are included to confirm the validity of the proposal.
On-Demand Cloud Mind-Mapping as an Innovation Framework in Biometric Systems Development Life Cycle

The paper presents the possibilities of computer-aided mind mapping for the creation of a platform of innovation in initial stage of the life cycle of biometric systems. In the first part of the article we present mind map method and information tools to exploit the potential of distributed processing in the implementation of on-demand platform innovation biometric system. In the second part of the article we present the results in terms of implementation and operation of the experimental platform for the development of innovation biometric system that uses dynamic typing.
Investigation of micropolar hybrid ferrofluid flow over a vertical plate by considering various base fluid and nanoparticle shape factor

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to investigate micropolar magnetohydrodynamics (MHD) fluid flow passing over a vertical plate. Three different base fluids have been used that include water, ethylene glycol and ethylene glycol/water (50%–50%). Also, a nanoparticle was used in all of the base fluids. The effects of natural convection heat transfer and magnetic field have been taken into account. Design/methodology/approach The main purpose of solving the governing equations is to scrutinize the effects of the magnetic parameter, the nanoparticle volume fraction, micropolar parameter and nanoparticles shape factor on velocity, temperature and microrotation profiles, the skin friction coefficient and the Nusselt number. These surveys have been considered for three base fluids simultaneously. Findings The results indicate that for water-based fluids, the temperature profile of lamina-shaped nanoparticles is 38.09% higher than brick-shaped nanoparticles. Originality/value This paper provides micropolar MHD fluid flow analysis considering natural convection heat transfer and magnetic field in three different base fluids. The aim of assessments is the diagnosis of some parameter effects, such as magnetic parameter and nanoparticle volume fraction, on velocity, temperature and microrotation profiles and components. Also, the use of mixed base fluids presented as a novelty in this paper.
How candidate characteristics matter: Candidate profiles, political sophistication, and vote choice

Our study examines the influence of various candidate characteristics (sociodemographic profile, competence and experience, issue positions, and party affiliation) on voters’ preference for a candidate, and investigates the impact of voters’ levels of political sophistication on their likelihood of considering various candidate characteristics when deciding whom to support. Using data from the 2015 Finnish National Election Study, this study is situated within the complex Finnish open list system with many candidates at display and mandatory preference voting. We find that voters mostly argue to make their choice based on candidate characteristics with direct politically relevant information such as candidate party affiliation and issue positions. Candidate sociodemographic profile has relatively little stated impact. Overall, voters with higher levels of political sophistication tend to be more likely to consider a broad range of candidate characteristics. When investigating the relative impact of each candidate characteristic (that is, their impact relative to the other candidate characteristics) on voting behaviour, political sophistication increases the likelihood of saying to rely on candidate characteristics that are more demanding in terms of information processing such as competence and experience, and issue positions. Our analyses also show how different measures of political sophistication have distinct effects.
UvA-DARE ( Digital Academic Repository ) Fundamentals of the pure spinor formalism Hoogeveen

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Agreement and Kappa-Type Indices

Kappa-type indices use the concept of agreement to express the reproducibility of nominal measurements. This article grounds kappa-type indices in statistical modeling, making explicit the underlying premises and assumptions. We critically review whether the interpretation of the kappa index as a chance-corrected probability of agreement can be substantiated. Further, we show that the so-called paradoxical behavior of the kappa index is explained from the fact that it is a measure of predictive association, rather than a pure measure of reproducibility. We discuss a number of alternative forms, critically examining whether they can be translated in tangible real-life interpretations.
Science with an ngVLA: New Parameter Space for Deep Field Radio Continuum Surveys

Deep continuum surveys at radio wavelengths are able to cover large areas, yield high angular resolution, and do not suffer from dust extinction, thus providing a robust way to measure the star formation history of the universe. However, with the current sensitivities of existing radio telescopes, it remains challenging to detect galaxies that dominate the cosmic star formation history even with extremely long integrations. With the ngVLA, a new portion of parameter space will be opened up for radio continuum surveys: deep (~200 nJy/bm), large-area (~1 deg^2), sub-arcsecond surveys at high frequencies (~8 GHz), where the observed radio emission from high-z galaxies should be dominated by free-free emission, providing a robust measurement for the star formation history of the universe. By being able to image the star formation activity, unbiased by dust, for a large, homogeneous sample of galaxies with a wide range of luminosities into the epoch of reionization, such surveys with the ngVLA will be highly complementary to those conducted by JWST, which will only be sensitive to un-obscured star formation.