Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Fujaba hits the Wall(-e)

With the ever increasing pervasiveness of software in every day's life, it is quite easy to explain children the importance of software development. Especially when using gadgets such as LEGO robots, one can fascinate young pupils. It is much harder though to and fair link to the actual educational and research programs from a particular university without blowing the audience away with details of a particular Java framework. This paper illustrates how one can use Fujaba to involve children from 8 to 18 years old in realistic requirements elicitation workshops. The children implicitly get in touch with the object-oriented paradigm by playing in the real world the communication between objects in a robot's computer. Fujaba's visual object browser provides a convincing means to illustrate that the game adequately represents the robot's internals.
A system to strengthening the relationships between actors in educational environments

Nowadays there are a vast number of devices and technologies available for the common citizen to improve their communication with others. This fosters the design and implementation of systems that explore the available features of these devices. This paper presents a system that allows to inform, on a personalized way, the actors of an education institution on a free way using popular communication standards. Features like the system's architecture, prototype and system's evaluation are explained in the paper. Results show that this system can be an important complement to other popular systems in education environments (e.g. e-mail, chats, Wikis, forums, e-learning platforms etc.).
Factors affecting prevalence of overweight and obesity in urban adolescents: a study from North Chennai, India

Background: Obesity is escalating at an alarming rate especially among the urban population. Obesity in childhood is an important risk factor for obesity in adulthood. Overweight and obesity are related to physically inactivity, high social economic back ground and dietary transition. This study was done to estimate the overall prevalence of overweight and obesity among urban adolescents and to examine its associated factors.Methods: This is a cross sectional community-based study conducted in North Chennai Corporation Zone II over a period of 2 years. A predesigned proforma was used to collect the demographic profile, socioeconomic status and level of physical activity. Trained Investigators were used to measure anthropometric measures. Data were analyzed with SPSS 16.0 and P value of <0.05 is taken as statistically significant.Results: A total of 4900 children (M: 2317, F: 2583) were included in the study. The prevalence of overweight and obesity were found as 22.1 % and 4.1%. The proportion of overweight was highest at 14 years for boys and 15 years for girls. There is a statistical significance for overweight in relation to sex (P = 0.001), socioeconomic status (P = 0.00001), parent’s occupation (P = 0.00001) and literacy status (P = 0.00001), junk food preference (P = 0.00001), mode of conveyance (P = 0.00001) and level of physical activity (P=0.00001). Conclusions: As obesity in childhood has high risk of comorbidities, intervention studies have to be planned to educate the adolescents as they are the future society and the role models for their off springs.
The Use of EU Structural Funds for Sustainable Development in Lithuania

The aim of the paper is to review the use of EU structural funds for first and second programming period and to identify the main achievements and challenges in ensuring sustainable economy growth and cohesion in Lithuania The main tasks to achieve this aim are: to analyse aims and financing priorities from EU structural funds in the first financing period in Lithuania; to analyse use of EU structural funds in second financing period in Lithuania and to compare with results of use of EU Structural funds in other countries.
Love thy neighbor: Explaining asylum seeking and hosting, 1982–2008

Using a Tobit analysis, this article examines factors influencing asylum seekers’ filing of asylum applications and host countries’ recognition of convention refugees. From the views that stress socio-politico-economic conditions, we find that welfare-provisional and geographically close countries often become targets of asylum seekers, whereas politically secured and geographically remote countries have higher propensity to recognize legal status of asylum seekers. From a world polity perspective, we note that asylum seekers prefer the countries that have national refugee legislation, ratify more human rights treaties, and have greater international nongovernmental organizations membership, yet host countries – despite their linkage to the world polity – abstain from granting legal protection to asylum seekers, suggesting the possibility of a decoupling. This study contributes to both a more systematic understanding of global refugee movements and the ongoing debate on whether individuals and countries act strategically or are influenced by world cultural principles.
1 Exports and Productivity : Does Destination Matter ?

In this work we analyse the effect of country export destinations on Total Factor Productivity (TFP) of manufacturing Uruguayan firms for the period 1997-2006. We study two effects: selfselection and learning by exporting. To this end, we work with a panel of firms –provided by the Instituto Nacional de Estadisticasand the destiny of exports for each one-provided by the Dirección Nacional de Aduanas-. We estimate TFP using the Levinshon and Petrin (2003) methodology. Results for Pooled Ordinary Least Squares estimations show that firms with a higher share of their total exports to developed countries have higher TFP than firms exporting to less developed countries. Nevertheless, applying the transition group methodology (Alvarez & Lopez 2004) there is no evidence that exporting to developed countries enhances productivity through learning by exporting. However, evidence of learning by exporting is found for those firms starting to export to less developed countries. These findings suggest an international strategy through which firms reach gains in productivity exporting to markets with lower entry cost, and once they have learnt and improved their productivity, are in a better position to enter into more developed countries.
Protein fingerprinting may serve as a complementary tool for the phylogenetic classification of heterocystous (Nostoc, Anabaena, Cylindrospermum, Aulosira and Tolypothrix) Cyanobacteria

A combination of morphology, SDS-PAGE, 16S rRNA gene and the fuzzy approach has been used for the first time to attest the phylogenetic affiliation of the cyanobacterial species such as Nostoc, Anabaena, Cylindrospermum, Tolypothrix and Aulosira. The idea was to ascertain as how far SDS-PAGE analysis and morphological taxonomy work coherently and serve as a reliable tool, compatible with 16S rRNA gene based classification of cyanobacteria. Intermingling of Nostoc and Anabaena species in SDS-PAGE and 16S rRNA gene indicates that the two taxa are not clearly separated at the genetic level and may be polyphyletic in origin. In contrast to this, clustering of Tolypothrix and Aulosira species in the same clade attests the taxonomic coherence of these species. However, Cylindrospermum showed greater phylogenetic relatedness with Anabaena strain in all phylogenetic analyses. Despite a few minor incongruities, protein fingerprint depicted greater similarity with 16S rRNA gene as compared to morphological taxonomy. Thus protein fingerprinting developed using fuzzy approach appears to be more compatible with 16S rRNA gene analysis than morphological taxonomy in discriminating cyanobacteria up to the species level.
Innovative Business Models and Offerings Based on Inconclusive Evidence

Business models of companies have attained increasing interest among researchers and business practitioners in various industries. In this study, we explore the business models and offerings within a growth industry worth billions of euros globally, that embody offerings based totally or partially on inconclusive evidence, beliefs and confidence in metaphysical issues. Applying dimensions grounded on the literature on industrial marketing and transaction cost economics, we identify four basic types of business models in the “belief industry”. These identified types of business models are illustrated through four metaphors depicted as (I) personal consultancy, (II) applied formats, (III) superficial consultancy, and (IV) self-service. These metaphors are illustrated by empirical observations collected from 140 companies.
CAROTENOIDS CONTENT OF COMMERCIAL SEAWEED IN BALI

In Bali there are several types of seaweed that has long been used as a source of food by people. These seaweed local name are Bulung Boni (Caulerpa spp.) and Bulung Sangu (Gracilaria spp.). However the study of total carotenoids content and types of carotenoids of these seaweed are very limited, therefore need to be further sudy. The types of carotenoids in this study identified based on the retention of value (Rf) on thin layer chromatography. This research concluded that total carotenoids of Bulung Boni (Caulerpa spp.) higher than Bulung Sangu (Gracilaria spp.). Total carotenoids were 57.734 mg / 100 g in Bulung Boni, and 1.776 mg /100 g in Bulung Sangu. The separation of carotenoids Bulung Boni and Bulung Sangu on thin layer chromatography obtained several types of carotenoids. Based on the calculation Rf values on Bulung Boni found as many as nine types of carotenoids such as neoxanthin, astaxanthin free, antheraxanthin ,canthaxanthin ,astaxanthin monoester, fucoxanthin, chlorophyll b, astaxanthin diester, and beta carotene In Bulung Sangu found eight types of carotenoids, such as neoxanthin, violaxanthin, astaxanthin free, antheraxanthin, lutein, chlorophyll b, chlorophyll a, and beta carotene
Modulation des neurones GABAergiques du mésencéphale ventral

The central dopaminergic system is implicated in many physiopathological processes such as schizophrenia. Located in the ventral mesencephalon, it is mainly composed of dopaminergic neurons and, to Ïesser extent, of GABAergic neurons (about 20 %). These later celis locally impinge on dopaminergic neurons and regulate their activity. Nevertheless, the physiological description of these interneurons remains very partial. The overail objective ofthis thesis was therefore to increase our knowledge ofsome ofthe mechanisms that regulate mesencephalic GABAergic fleurons. The ventral mesencephalon is innervated by many nuclei. In particular, cholinergic neurons of the pons preferentially innervate GABAergic neurons. The functional role of this preferential innervation has flot been determined. In this thesis, we therefore took advantage of a mesencephalic neuron primary culture system to study the influence of acetylcholine receptors on GABAergic neurons. Considering that the mechanism of action of antipsychotic drugs remains mostïy unknown; we also studied the effect of clozapine (an atypical antipsychotic) on mesencephalic GABAergic fleurons. During this work, we demonstrated that acetylcholine increases the firing rate of GABAergic neurons, both through muscarinic and nicotinic receptor activation. Muscarinic receptor activation led to a mild depolarization without greatly affecting overall membrane resistance. These effects were largely [Ca2j dependent. We also discovered that muscarine increases [Ca2] tbrough some receptor-operated channels which are likely to be TRPC channels. These channels underlie Ca2 influx from the extracellular medium and are independent of voltage and intemal Ca2 stores. Using a pharmacological, immunocytochemical and transgenic approach, we concluded that M3 muscarinic receptors and to a lesser extent M5 receptors are the most likely to be implicated in these effects. Finally, we demonstrated that clozapine reduces GABA-mediated synaptic currents tbrough inhibition of GABAA receptors. This effect was obtained at drug concentrations that are therapeutically relevant and that could be found in the brain of schizophrenic patients.
Detecting anomalous events at railway level crossings

Collisions between pedestrians and vehicles continue to be a major problem throughout the world. Pedestrians trying to cross roads and railway tracks without any caution are often highly susceptible to collisions with vehicles and trains. Continuous financial, human and other losses have prompted transport related organizations to come up with various solutions addressing this issue. However, the quest for new and significant improvements in this area is still ongoing. This work addresses this issue by building a general framework using computer vision techniques to automatically monitor pedestrian movements in such high-risk areas to enable better analysis of activity, and the creation of future alerting strategies. As a result of rapid development in the electronics and semi-conductor industry there is extensive deployment of CCTV cameras in public places to capture video footage. This footage can then be used to analyse crowd activities in those particular places. This work seeks to identify the abnormal behaviour of individuals in video footage. In this work we propose using a Semi-2D Hidden Markov Model (HMM), Full-2D HMM and Spatial HMM to model the normal activities of people. The outliers of the model (i.e. those observations with insufficient likelihood) are identified as abnormal activities. Location features, flow features and optical flow textures are used as the features for the model. The proposed approaches are evaluated using the publicly available UCSD datasets, and we demonstrate improved performance using a Semi-2D Hidden Markov Model compared to other state of the art methods. Further we illustrate how our proposed methods can be applied to detect anomalous events at rail level crossings.
AN ARDL APPROACH TO THE DETERMINANTS OF NON- PERFORMING LOANS IN ISLAMIC BANKING SYSTEM IN MALAYSIA

This paper explores the factors propelling Islamic banks' nonperforming loans (NPLs) in Malaysia for the period 2007:1 to 2009:12. We utilised the ratio of NPLs to total financing in Islamic banks to measure the extent of NPLs in Malaysia. The study employs ARDL of Pesaran and Shin (1999) and Pesaran et al. (2001) to examine the effects of some macroeconomic variables which include industrial production index, interest rate and producer price index. The findings indicate two long run relationship among the variables and note that interest rate has significant positive long run impact on NPLs. Industrial production index turns out with a positive but insignificant sign. This reflects the popular believe that Islamic banking system in Malaysia is not fully motivated by profit and loss mechanism, as the impact of interest rate is stronger relative to productivity. Producer price index appears to have negative and significant impact on NPLs. The outcomes of this study are similar to the findings of previous studies including Bofondi and Ropele (2011) work on conventional banks in Italy.
The effects of dexmedetomidine infusion on renal functions after coronary artery bypass graft surgery: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study

Amac: Bu calismada deksmedetomidinin koroner arter baypas greft (KABG) cerrahisini takiben renal fonksiyonlar uzerindeki muhtemel etkileri arastirildi. Ca­lis­ma­ pla­ni:­ 2008 Agustos 2009 Mayis tarihleri arasinda klinigimizde KABG cerrahisi uygulanan ardisik 100 hasta bu cift kor ve plasebo kontrollu calismaya dahil edildi. Hastalar deksmedetomidin infuzyonu veya plaseboya randomize edildi. Hastalarin sedasyon duzeyi, Ramsey Sedasyon Skalasi kullanilarak duzenlendi. Dortlu permutasyon bloklari yontemi kullanilarak, hastalar randomize edildi. Bul gu lar: Deksmedetomidin grubunda 49, plasebo grubunda 37 hasta olmak uzere, toplam 86 hasta analize tabi tutuldu. Gruplar arasinda major ameliyat sirasi ve sonrasi degiskenler acisindan istatistiksel olarak anlamli bir farklilik yoktu. Gruplar arasinda ameliyat sonrasi 1. gun kreatinin klirensi duzeyleri acisindan, 110 μg/gun kesim degeri uzerinde anlamli farklilik oldugu saptandi. Bu degisikliklerin ameliyat sonrasi 5. gun kreatinin klirensi duzeylerinde olmadigi belirlendi. So­nuc:­Dusuk doz deksmedetomidinin idrar cikisi ve kan ure, kreatinin ve kreatinin klirensi gibi renal fonksiyon gostergeleri uzerinde belirgin etkisi yoktur. Ancak toplam dozdaki artisa bagli olarak, renal fonksiyonlar uzerinde pozitif bir etkisi olabilir. Anah tar soz cuk ler: Koroner arter baypas greft cerrahisi; deksmedetomidin; renal fonksiyon. Background:­ This study aims to investigate possible effects of dexmedetomidine on renal functions following coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) surgery. Methods: Between August 2008 and May 2009, consecutive 100 patients who underwent CABG surgery in our clinic were included in this double-blind and placebo-controlled study. Patients were randomized to either dexmedetomidine infusion or placebo. The sedation level of the patients was regulated using Ramsey Sedation Scale. Permuted blocks of four method was used to randomize patients. Results:­ A total of 86 patients were included in the analysis including 49 in the dexmedetomidine group and 37 in the placebo group. There was no statistically significant difference in major intraoperative and postoperative variables between the groups. Postoperative day 1 creatinine clearances values above cut-off point of 110 μg/day were significantly different between the groups. These changes were not observed in postoperative fifth day creatinine clearances values. Conclusion:­ Low dose dexmedetomidine has no major effect on urine output and renal indices such as urea, creatinine and creatinine clearances. However, it may have a positive effect on renal functions when total dose is uptitrated, particularly.
Colliding interstellar bubbles in the direction of l = 54

Context. Interstellar bubbles are structures in the interstellar medium with diameters of a few to tens of parsecs. Their progenitors are stellar winds, intense radiation of massive stars, or supernova explosions. Star formation and young stellar objects are commonly associated with these structures. Aims. We compare infrared observations of bubbles N115, N116 and N117 with atomic, molecular and ionized gas in this region. While determining the dynamical properties of the bubbles, we also look into their ambient environment to understand their formation in a wider context. Methods. To find bubbles in HI (Very Large Array Galactic Plane Survey) and CO data (Galactic Ring Survey), we used the images from the Galactic Legacy Infrared Mid-Plane Survey. We manually constructed masks based on the appearance of the bubbles in the IR images and applied them to the HI and CO data. We determined kinematic distance, size, expansion velocity, mass, original density of the maternal cloud, age, and energy input of the bubbles. Results. We identified two systems of bubbles: the first, the background system, is formed by large structures G053.9 + 0.2 and SNR G054.4-0.3 and the infrared bubble N116 + 117. The second, the foreground system, includes the infrared bubble N115 and two large HI bubbles, which we discovered in the HI data. Both systems are independent, lying at different distances, but look similar. They are both formed by two large colliding bubbles with radii around 20-30 pc and ages of a few million years. A younger and smaller (similar to 4 pc, less than a million years) infrared bubble lies at the position of the collision. Conclusions. We found that both infrared bubbles N115 and N116 + 117 are associated with the collisions of larger and older bubbles. We propose that such collisions increase the probability of further star formation, probably by squeezing the interstellar material, suggesting that they are an important mechanism for star formation.
Two applications of clustering techniques to Twitter: Community detection and issue extraction

Twitter’s recent growth in the number of users has redefined its status from a simple social media service to a mass media. We deal with clustering techniques applied to Twitter network and Twitter trend analysis. When we divide and cluster Twitter network, we can find a group of users with similar inclination, called a “Community. ” In this regard, we introduce the Louvain algorithm and advance a partitioned Louvain algorithm as its improved variant. In the result of the experiment based on actual Twitter data, the partitioned Louvain algorithm supplemented the performance decline and shortened the execution time. Also, we use clustering techniques for trend analysis. We use nonnegative matrix factorization (NMF), which is a convenient method to intuitively interpret and extract issues on various time scales. By cross-verifying the results using NFM, we found that it has clear correlation with the actual main issue.
Introduction to Sleep and Polysomnography Overview of Sleep Stages and Cycles

The monitoring of sleep is complex and requires a distinct skill set including a detailed knowledge of EEG, respiratory monitoring, and EKG. Expertise in only one of these areas does not confer the ability to accurately interpret the polysomnogram. Sleep is not homogeneous and is characterized by sleep stages based on electroencephalographic (EEG) or electrical brain wave activity, electro-oculographic (EOG) or eye movements, and electromyographic (EMG) or muscle electrical activity. The basic terminology and methods involved in monitoring each of these types of activity will be discussed below. Sleep is composed of nonrapid eye movement (NREM) and rapid eye movement (REM) sleep. NREM sleep is further divided into stages 1, 2, and 3. Stages 3 and 4 sleep were recently combined into stage 3 sleep. Stages 1 and 2 are called light sleep and stage 3 is called deep or slow-wave sleep. There are usually four or fi ve cycles of sleep, each composed of a segment of NREM sleep followed by REM sleep. Periods of wake may also interrupt sleep during the night. As the night progresses, the length of REM sleep in each cycle usually increases. The hypnogram (Fig. 11-1) is a convenient method of graphically displaying the organization of sleep during the night. Each stage of sleep is characterized by a level on the vertical axis of the graph with time of night on the horizontal axis. REM sleep is often highlighted by a dark bar. Sleep monitoring was traditionally done by polygraph recording using ink-writing pens which produced tracings on paper. It was convenient to divide the night into epochs of time that correspond to the length of each paper page. The usual paper speed for sleep recording is 10 mm/s; a 30-cm page corresponds to 30 s. Each segment of time represented by one page is called an epoch; sleep is staged in epochs. Today most sleep recording is performed digitally, but the convention of scoring sleep in 30-s epochs or windows is still the standard. If there is a shift in sleep stage during a given epoch, the stage present for the majority of the time names the epoch. When the tracings used to stage sleep are obscured by artifact for more than one-half of an epoch, it is scored as movement time (MT). When an epoch of what would otherwise be considered an MT is surrounded by epochs of wake, the epoch is also scored as wake. Some sleep centers consider MT to be wake and do not tabulate it separately.
Design Of Thermoelectric Generator from Aluminum and Copper Elements

The abundant heat accompanying the sunlight can be used to generate other forms of energy. Thermoelectric generator are important devices for this kind of means of harnessing the sun energy. A lot of heat are being wasted in industries that have machines that generate heat and in our homes during cooking. Thermoelectric generator is studied in this regard and a sample is designed and simulated for the purpose of utilizing this wasted energy. A temperature difference of up to 200 0 C is found to be generated from a 4mV electric potential by the designed TEG.