Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Enhancement of power system quality using distributed generation

The global demand for energy is increasing at a breathtaking pace. This sharp increase in world energy demand will require significant investment in new power generating capacity and grid infrastructure. Considering the present energy scenario and the degrading environmental conditions, distributed generation seems to be a promising option. Distributed Generation generally refers to small-scale electric power generators that produce electricity at a site close to customers or that are tied to an electric distribution system. The power grid is currently facing tremendous changes in the way the energy is produced, transmitted and consumed. The increasing number of actors and the demand for more and more complex services to be provided by the grid exceed the capabilities of today's control systems. This paper gives an overview of the changes that the power system is undergoing and how these affect the aspects of communication, ancillary services, voltage regulation and losses and harmonics.
Quelle prise en compte des caractéristiques nationales dans les mesures macroprudentielles en zone euro

Cet article evalue l’impact des prets transfrontaliers sur les modalites de mise en œuvre des mesures de politique macro-prudentielle dans la zone euro. L’objectif est d’apprecier – independamment de l’organisation institutionnelle actuelle - quel poids relatif il convient d’affecter aux considerations federales et nationales. L’analyse est menee dans le cadre d’un MEGIS a deux pays, prenant en compte le mecanisme d'accelerateur financier. Ce modele est estime a l'aide de l'econometrie bayesienne sur donnees europeennes en separant les pays du cœur de la zone des pays de la peripherie. Nos resultats montrent que la divergence des cycles reels et financiers entre les deux regions de l’union monetaire tient a la fois a l’heterogeneite regionale des parametres structurels et a celle des chocs subis qui apparaissent plus importants dans les pays de la peripherie. Pour ce qui concerne la mise en œuvre de la politique macro-economique, le traitement heterogene des pays conduit a une plus forte reaction de cet instrument dans les pays de la peripherie, ce qui affecte parfois de maniere differente les performances macroeconomiques regionales. Enfin, une analyse contrefactuelle etudiant la reaction de l’activite et de l’investissement au moment de la crise montre que si globalement l’union monetaire (en moyenne) et les pays de la peripherie beneficient de la mise en œuvre de mesures macro prudentielles ; les pays du cœur voient au contraire leur situation se deteriorer.
Lhx1 and Lhx5 maintain the inhibitory-neurotransmitter status of interneurons in the dorsal spinal cord

Lhx1 and Lhx5 are co-expressed in multiple interneuron cell types in the developing spinal cord. These include early-born dI4 and dI6 inhibitory interneurons, as well as late-born inhibitory dILA neurons (dILA), all of which express the paired-domain transcription factor Pax2. Although it appears that Lhx1 and Lhx5 do not control the initial specification of the neuronal cell types in which they are expressed, we have found a cell-autonomous requirement for either Lhx1 or Lhx5 to maintain the expression of Pax2, Pax5 and Pax8 in dorsal inhibitory neurons at later developmental stages. Lhx1; Lhx5 double-knockout mice exhibit a downregulation of Gad1 and Viaat (Slc32a1) from E13.5 onwards that is closely associated with a decrease in Pax2 expression. Pax2 is a key factor for dorsal GABAergic identity, with the expression of Pax5 and Pax8 being differentially dependent on Pax2 in the dorsal horn. In summary, our findings support a model in which the differentiation of GABAergic interneurons in the dorsal cord depends on Pax2, with Lhx1 and Lhx5 helping to activate and maintain Pax2 expression in these cells. Lhx1 and Lhx5 therefore function together with Pax2, Pax5 and Pax8 to establish a GABAergic inhibitory-neurotransmitter program in dorsal horn interneurons.
Grating Coupler Embedded Silicon Platform for Hybrid Integrated Receivers

A hybrid integrated receiver on grating coupler- embedded silicon platform is presented. The platform fabricated on silicon-on-insulator consists of two grating couplers as an input and output. The active silicon layer thickness, pitch, and depth are 220, 560, and 70 nm in the grating coupler on the platform, respectively. The photodiode is integrated on the output grating coupler directly. The measured responsivity is 0.02 A/W at a reverse bias of 33 V. The performance of the hybrid integrated receiver is dependent on that of the platform. An intrinsic responsivity of the integrated receiver is 0.0055 A/W, which is corresponding to the transmission loss of 20 dB in the grating coupler embedded platform. In addition, the platform using 340-nm-silicon layer wafer has been discussed for further improvement.
A long-range cortical network emerging with theta oscillation in a mental task

Human scalp EEG has demonstrated that global coherence among distant areas increases during cognitive tasks, suggesting that oscillating neural activities work to generate global neuronal assemblies for cognitive functions. The theta oscillation in a frequency range of 4–8 Hz with large amplitudes which emerges during mental tasks around the frontal midline region is called fm theta. If theta oscillation concerns the global neuronal assemblies, fm theta should be associated with regional activities that depend on task conditions. In the present study, we examine the EEG-related brain activities by developing simultaneous EEG and fMRI during a mental calculation task. EEG-related negative BOLD was dominant over anterior medial regions, suggesting a major contribution of negative BOLD to fm theta. Negative and positive BOLD were found over distant regions. Functional connectivity analyses revealed that the connectivity varied remarkably according to mental conditions. In the rest condition, the connectivity was localized, whereas in the task condition, a long-range coherent network was formed by the anterior midline, posterior cingulate and right middle temporal cortices with linking between the right middle temporal and left lateral cortices during numerical processing. Further EEG analyses indicate that the long-range coherent network executing cognitive functions is coordinated in the time window of theta oscillations.
12B-1 Detectability of Small Blood Vessels Using High-Frequency Power Doppler Ultrasound

Power Doppler imaging of physiological and pathological angiogenesis can be challenging given the presence of small blood vessels and slow flow velocities. Images can be plagued with false-positive color pixels or undetected vessels, thereby complicating the interpretation of vascularity metrics. This paper presents studies of blood vessel detectability using flow phantoms with various combinations of vessel size (160, 200, 250, 300, and 360 mum), flow velocity (4, 3, 2, 1, and 0.5 mm/s), and transducer frequency (30 and 40 MHz), while varying the wall filter cut-off velocity. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves and areas under ROC curves indicate that good vessel detection performance can be achieved with a 40-MHz transducer for flow velocities ges 2 mm/s and with a 30-MHz transducer for flow velocities ges 1 mm/s.
Perceived need for care, help seeking, and perceived barriers to care for alcohol use disorders in a national sample.

OBJECTIVE The aims of this study were to examine the rates and correlates of help seeking, perceived need for care, and perceived barriers to care among people with an alcohol use disorder in a large nationally representative sample. METHODS Data were drawn from the National Epidemiologic Survey on Alcohol and Related Conditions for persons 18 years and older (N=43,093). Three main groups were defined: people who sought help, people who perceived a need for care but did not seek help, and people who neither perceived a need nor sought help. RESULTS Almost one-third (N=11,843, or 28%) of survey respondents met DSM-IV criteria for a lifetime alcohol use disorder. Most individuals with an alcohol use disorder (81%) did not report seeking care or perceiving a need for help. Those who were younger, were married, had higher income, had higher education, and did not have an adverse general medical condition were significantly less likely to perceive a need for help or to seek help for an alcohol use disorder. Respondents who did not perceive a need for help or seek it were significantly less likely to have an additional axis I or axis II disorder. CONCLUSIONS Knowledge of the factors that influence perceived need for help could aid in developing interventions directed toward increasing the rates of help seeking among people with an alcohol use disorder. Regular screening for alcohol use disorders in primary health care settings is recommended.
Stem cells and knee osteoarthritis: a legitimate treatment option?

5 years (2012–2016) demonstrates a total number of 405 applicants, with 166 scholarships/Fellowships awarded. This gives a success rate of 41%, which is not only encouraging, being higher than that of the National Health and Medical Research Council (at approximately 20% for Career Development Fellowships and 16% for Project Grants), but also reflects the competitive nature of the RACS scholarship programme. Furthermore, the level of funding per-capita for RACS is approximately $1.8 million per annum for 6086 Fellows and 1245 Trainees, which encouragingly is similar to that of the Royal College of Surgeons of England which awards the equivalent of approximately $5 million for 20 000 members (equating to a similar level of funding per person in each college). An important outcome to note from this review is that 78% of respondents were able to achieve a higher degree as a result of the scholarship programme despite the majority of the scholarships having a 1-year term. This would imply that it might be beneficial to increase the duration of a number of the scholarships to a 2or 3-year term. Without further donations, however, this may be difficult to establish and sustain. Other direct outcomes from the scholarship and the impact on scholars’ careers and quality of health care are difficult to objectively analyse. However, it was encouraging to note that 90.0% of scholars believed they had acquired the skill of critically evaluating scientific information and 67.5% of respondents significantly improved their non-technical skills which are important attributes for all surgeons to accrue, and 70.7% of scholars conducted further independent research following the scholarship-funded period. Furthermore, almost half of the scholars received subsequent research grants that were not awarded by the RACS. The RACS scholarship programme has succeeded in supporting Surgical Trainees/Junior Fellows and makes key contributions to the surgery-related scientific literature.
On the relationship between head circumference, brain size, prenatal long-chain PUFA/5-methyltetrahydrofolate supplementation and cognitive abilities during childhood

Abstract Head circumference in infants has been reported to predict brain size, total grey matter volume (GMV) and neurocognitive development. However, it is unknown whether it has predictive value on regional and subcortical brain volumes. We aimed to explore the relationship between several head circumference measurements since birth and distributions of GMV and subcortical volumes at later childhood. We examined seventy-four, Caucasian, singleton, term-born infants born to mothers randomised to receive fish oil and/or 5-methyltetrahydrofolate or placebo prenatal supplementation. We assessed head circumference at birth and at 4 and 10 years of age and cognitive abilities at 7 years of age. We obtained brain MRI at 10 years of age, on which we performed voxel-based morphometry, cortical surface extraction and subcortical segmentation. Analyses were controlled for sex, age, height, weight, family status, laterality and total intracranial volume. Prenatal supplementation did not affect head circumference at any age, cognitive abilities or total brain volumes. Head circumference at 4 years presented the highest correlation with total GMV, white matter volume and brain surface area, and was also strongly associated with GMV of frontal, temporal and occipital areas, as well as with caudate nucleus, globus pallidus, putamen and thalamus volumes. As relationships between brain volumes in childhood and several outcomes extend into adulthood, we have found that ages between 0 and 4 years as the optimal time for brain growth; postnatal factors might have the most relevant impact on structural maturation of certain cortical areas and subcortical nuclei, independent of prenatal supplementation.
Correlation between structure, dielectric, and ferroelectric properties in BiFeO3–LaMnO3 solid solution thin films

Chemical solution processed BiFeO3 thin films usually show high leakage currents and poor ferroelectric properties. The optimizations of processing conditions and doping with appropriate elements have been among the most promising strategies to enhance the overall properties of BiFeO3 thin films. However, detailed studies on the effects of doping elements on the structure and through it on the properties are still lacking. In this work we investigate the interplay between structure and dielectric-electric-ferroelectric properties of BiFeO3–LaMnO3 [Bi1−xLaxFe1−xMnxO3 (0≤x≤0.1)] solid solution thin films grown on Pt-terminated silicon substrates. The BiFeO3–LaMnO3 system is shown to undergo a structural transition from monoclinic to orthorhombic-tetragonal with various degrees of orthorhombic distortion. All LMO-containing films show a Debye-like dielectric relaxation with the activation energy of 0.90 eV. Both dielectric relaxation and leakage current mechanisms were interpreted in terms of ionized oxygen .
A prospective randomized comparison of continuous infusion fluorouracil with a conventional bolus schedule in metastatic colorectal carcinoma: a Mid-Atlantic Oncology Program Study.

One hundred seventy-nine patients with advanced measurable colorectal cancer not previously treated with chemotherapy were entered into a prospective randomized clinical trial by the Mid-Atlantic Oncology Program (MAOP) to compare two schedules of delivery for single-agent fluorouracil (5-FU). The "standard" treatment was a schedule commonly employed in clinical practice, namely, a daily bolus dose administered intravenously (IV) for five consecutive days and repeated at 5-week intervals. The investigational treatment was a continuous infusion of 5-FU administered 24 hours a day for a protracted time (10 weeks or more). Both treatments were continued until the development of disease progression or unless interrupted for toxicity. Using stringent objective criteria requiring independent confirmation of x-ray or scan-documented response, the tumor response rate reached 7% (six of 87) for the bolus arm and 30% (26 of 87) for the infusion arms (P less than .001). Toxicity was substantially different for the two arms with major leukopenia observed only on the bolus arm, 22% developing grade 3 (severe) or grade 4 (life-threatening) leukopenia with four sepsis-related deaths. Hand-foot syndrome was observed only in the infusional arm, requiring treatment interruptions and dose reductions in 24% of patients, but with little impact on quality of life. In spite of the major difference in objective response rate, overall survival for the two groups was comparable. Administration of 5-FU as a continuous infusion for protracted periods clearly improves the therapeutic index for this agent in patients with advanced colon cancer with respect to response rate and reduced toxicity. This schedule appears workable in the community setting and yields response rates similar to those reported for 5-FU with high-dose leucovorin, but without the gastroin testinal toxicity profile of the latter combination.
Dendritic Cell Subsets in Oral Mucosa of Allergic and Healthy Subjects

Immunohistochemistry was used to identify, enumerate, and describe the tissue distribution of Langerhans type (CD1a and CD207), myeloid (CD1c and CD141), and plasmacytoid (CD303 and CD304) dendritic cell subsets in oral mucosa of allergic and non-allergic individuals. Allergic individuals have more CD141+ myeloid cells in epithelium and more CD1a+ Langerhans cells in the lamina propria compared to healthy controls, but similar numbers for the other DC subtypes. Our data are the first to describe the presence of CD303+ plasmacytoid DCs in human oral mucosa and a dense intraepithelial network of CD141+ DCs. The number of Langerhans type DCs (CD1a and CD207) and myeloid DCs (CD1c), was higher in the oral mucosa than in the nasal mucosa of the same individual independent of the atopic status.
Construction and characterization of a partial binary bacterial artificial chromosome (BIBAC) of Agave tequilana var. azul (2X) and its application for gene identification

The structure and organization of the genome of Agave is still unknown. To provide a genomic tool for searching sequences of the genus, we built and characterized a binary (BIBAC2) genomic library of Agave tequilana Weber var. azul. Clones of the library had an average insert size of 170 Kb. The frequency of inserts with internal Not I sites was 30% and only 5% of the library showed organelle contamination. The library was assessed using probes with high homology to repeated regions (retroelements and rDNA regions), genes involved in the resistance to diseases (NBS-LRR) and genes related to late embryogenesis (LEA). Recombinant clones that hybridized with each of the probes were identified. Our results indicate that the obtained genomic library is suitable for the identification of sequences of interest, for genetic mapping and for studies of gene regulation and expression.
The production and presentation of statistics of unemployment: comparability issues

The United Nations publishes unemployment statistics for 123 countries. Most of these statistics are based on International Labour Office (ILO) criteria for the definition of unemployment. Many countries also produce unemployment statistics based on insurance records and on the basis of registered unemployment. This paper aims to compare the main features of the different methods. The dimensions compared include the conceptual basis for the definition of unemployment, boundaries of employment and inactivity, entry statistics and duration of unemployment, use of denominators for production of unemployment rates, and the cultural influence of the statistics. The paper identifies conflicts between achieving international comparability and national needs. Survey statistics that underpin international comparisons do not support geographically detailed analysis within countries. The value of unemployment statistics based on ILO criteria is limited by a failure to recognise the concept of entry to unemployment and the difficulties of integration with administrative unemployment statistics. The standard labour force survey (LFS) questionnaire should be modified to support the production of statistics for entrants to unemployment. The sampling frame should be modified to ensure consistency with nationally produced unemployment statistics derived from administrative records.
Discrete backstepping control of magnetic levitation system with a nonlinear state estimator

In this paper a discrete robust controller is implemented for a magnetic levitation system. To circumvent the problem of discretizing the nonlinear model of magnetic levitation system, the paper uses much easier obtained Euler approximated model with sufficiently small sampling time. The magnetic levitation model has only position measurement available as the output, thus a Kreisselmeier filter is implemented to estimate the unmeasured state. A discrete backstepping controller is derived and implemented with magnetic levitation system with digital to analog and analog to digital conversion units. The efficacy of the proposed controller, when compared with continuous backstepping controller and PID controller, is illustrated via simulation.
Studies of anaesthesia in relation to hypertension. II. Haemodynamic consequences of induction and endotracheal intubation.

The electrocardiographic and haemodynamic responses to the induction of anaesthesia, followed by laryngoscopy and endotracheal intubation have been studied in a group of 16 untreated hypertensive patients, and a group of 20 patients receiving antihypertensive therapy up to and including the day of operation. The influence of five different induction agents, thiopentone, methohexitone, propanidid, diazepam, and neuroleptanalgesia induced by a combination of phenoperidine and droperidol were compared. Neuroleptanalgesia caused less arterial hypotension than any of the other agents, but afforded only mar-ginally more protection than other agents against hypertension, tachycardia and dysrhythmia associated with laryngoscopy and tracheal intubation. Both propanidid and diazepam caused dramatic but transient hypotension in a small number of patients and were not investigated further. Unlike its effects in normotensive subjects, methohexitone caused greater hypotension than thiopentone in hypertensive patients. The rationale is presented for the prophylactic blockade of beta-adrenergic receptors to prevent hypertensive crises during laryngoscopy and intubation in both treated and untreated hypertensive patients. During preliminary studies of the circulatory effects of anaesthesia in treated and untreated hypertensive patients Meloche and Foex,
Phosphorus binding to Filtra P in batch tests

Recent guidelines from the Swedish Environmental Protection Agency recommend stricter regulations for phosphorus (P) reduction in small-scale wastewater treatment, which raises the need for additional and novel treatment steps in small-scale facilities. Following a biological pretreatment, filter systems can be a convenient option. In this study, the P binding capacity of the filter material Filtra P was investigated in batch tests. The batch test method was evaluated with respect to the effects of liquid-to-solid ratio and particle size on P binding capacity. For initial concentrations (c i ) between 3 and 100 mg L−1, the P in the solution was completely and rapidly bound to the material, indicating that Filtra P was an efficient substrate for this process. The maximum amount of bound P was 4.3±0.64 g kg−1 at c i =300 mg L−1. The P binding capacity and turbidity measured in the supernatant correlated positively. Turbidity was probably caused by calcium–P precipitates, suggesting precipitation was the major removal mechanism. Neither the liquid-to-solid ratio nor the particle size affected P binding capacity significantly (α=0.05) at c i =1000 mg L−1, confirming that the conditions used in the batch tests were appropriate. In full-scale applications, the precipitate formed may be at risk of being washed out of the filter, leading to low total P reduction and recovery.
基於i-vector與PLDA並使用GMM-HMM強制對位之自動語者分段標記系統 (Speaker Diarization based on I-vector PLDA Scoring and using GMM-HMM Forced Alignment) [In Chinese]

近年來,i-vector 搭配 PLDA(Probability Linear Discriminant Analysis)的系統已經 在自動語者分段標記(Speaker Diarization)的研究上獲得了很好的結果。 不過,由於 ivector 需要由較長的音訊片段抽取出來才具有較佳的語者特性,所以較無法有效地處理 時間極短的語句區段。 為此,本論文提出一個新的自動語者分段標記框架:先由 K 平均 (K-means)演算法得到初步的自動語者分段標記結果,並據此建立初步語者模型,再 配合利用 GMM-HMM(Gaussian Mixture Models-Hidden Markov Models)進行強制對位 (Forced Alignment)以及語者分群(Speaker Clustering)來進行自動語者分段標記。 從 實驗上我們可以發現,雖然單獨利用 GMM-HMM 語者分群並未比使用 GMM-HMM 強 制對位所得到的召回率(Recall)以及精準率(Precision)來得好,但是利用 GMM-HMM 語者分群的結果再重新進行 GMM-HMM 強制對位卻可以得到較好的召回率以及精準 率,故由 GMM-HMM 語者分群以得到更細小的語者說話區段對自動語者分段標記的問 題是有幫助的。 此外,這篇論文也探討針對不同時間長度的音訊片段對自動語者分段標 記的影響。
New method for the analysis of microstrip leaky wave antenna based on FDTD

In this paper, a new and efficient method to get the complex propagation constant /spl gamma/=/spl alpha/ + j/spl beta/ of the microstrip leaky wave antenna (MLWA) is presented. The theoretical analysis is based on FDTD. The numerical result calculated by the new and efficient method agrees well with measured results and comparing data.