Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
TurkuNLP: Delexicalized Pre-training of Word Embeddings for Dependency Parsing

We present the TurkuNLP entry in the CoNLL 2017 Shared Task on Multilingual Parsing from Raw Text to Universal Dependencies. The system is based on the UDPipe parser with our focus being in exploring various techniques to pre-train the word embeddings used by the parser in order to improve its performance especially on languages with small training sets. The system ranked 11th among the 33 participants overall, being 8th on the small treebanks, 10th on the large treebanks, 12th on the parallel test sets, and 26th on the surprise languages.
Theoretical Investigation of Striped and Non-Striped Broad Area Lasers With Off-Axis Feedback

We report a method to improve the beam quality of broad area lasers by using a V-shaped external cavity formed by two off-axis feedback mirrors that allow to select a single transverse mode with transversally modulated intensity distribution. In the case when one of the two feedback mirrors is absent a spontaneous formation of self-induced transverse population grating leading to a reduction of the lasing threshold is observed. Most favorable conditions for stabilization of a single transverse supermode and creation of a high power and high brightness plane wave traveling in the extended cavity are obtained for equal reflectivities of the two external reflectors.
The behavioural consequences of self‐congruency in volunteers

The authors of this paper studied some aspects of volunteers from a marketing angle in order to analyse the differences in the self-concept of volunteers collaborating with either charitable, or ecological organisations; to examine the differences between the images of charitable and ecological organisations; and to show the role of self-congruency as an influence on of the type of organisation with which to collaborate. Some conclusions derived from this study can be used to attract volunteers through corporative social marketing actions. Copyright © 2004 Henry Stewart Publications
A decoupled interface method for electromagnetic and electromechanical simulation

This paper proposes a decoupled method to interface an electromagnetic transient (EMT) program with a transient stability analysis (TSA) program. The proposed method is achieved through mixed language programming and pipe technology. The framework for the combination of the EMT program and the TSA program based on the proposed method is given. Compared with the conventional embedded method, the decoupled method can easily adapt different interaction protocol strategies. An example is presented to illustrate the interface.
Deleveraging after Lehman -- Evidence from Reduced Rehypothecation

Rehypothecation is the practice that allows collateral posted by, say, a hedge fund to their prime broker to be used again as collateral by that prime broker for its own funding. In the United Kingdom, such use of a customer's assets by a prime broker can be for an unlimited amount of the customer's assets. And moreover, there are no customer protection rules (such as in the United States under the Securities Act of 1933). The paper shows evidence that, following Lehman's bankruptcy, the extent of rehypothecation has declined substantially, in part because investment firms fear losing collateral if their prime broker becomes insolvent. While less rehypothecation reduces counterparty risk in the system, it also reduces market liquidity.
German Venture Capitalists Investment Criteria Over Financing Stages

This study empirically explores the respective importance of a variety of criteria relevant for the investment decision of German venture capitalists. We find that the relative importance of criteria varies with investment stages. In all stages, however, criteria in the personality of management category as well as the appreciation potential of the acquired equity stake are considered crucial. Irrelevant are various market characteristics, dividend potential, as well as the desired independence level of management. Thus, this analysis provides all participants in the venture capital (VC) process with a comprehensive understanding of the parameters underlying the VC investment decision in Germany.
Implementing industrial ecology

Industrial ecology (IE), which arises from the perception that human economic activity is causing unacceptable changes in basic environmental support systems, is defined, and a systems description is given. As applied to manufacturing, the systems-oriented concept suggests that industrial design and manufacturing processes are not performed in isolation from their surroundings, but rather are influenced by them and, in turn, have influence on them. Applied IE is defined as the study of driving factors influencing the specification of flows of selected materials between economic processes. Examples of these flows and some of the associated perspectives and constraints, drawn from the manufacturing sector, are illustrated and discussed. <<ETX>>
Foreign Exchange Market Structure, Players and Evolution

Electronic trading has transformed foreign exchange markets over the past decade, and the pace of innovation only accelerates. This formerly opaque market is now fairly transparent and transaction costs are only a fraction of their former level. Entirely new agents have joined the fray, including retail and high-frequency traders, while foreign exchange trading volumes have tripled. Market concentration among dealers has risen reflecting the heavy investments in technology. Undeterred, some new non-bank market participants have begun to make markets, challenging the traditional foreign exchange dealers on their own turf. This paper outlines the players in this market and the structure of their interactions. It also presents new evidence on how that structure has changed over the past two decades. Throughout, it highlights issues relevant to exchange rate modelling.
Fumaric and citric acids as feed additives in starter pig diets: effect on performance and nutrient balance.

The effect of dietary citric acid (CA) and fumaric acid (FA) on pig weight gain (ADG) and gain/feed (G/F) was studied in two trials using 192 crossbred, 4-wk-old weaning pigs. Three dietary levels (0, 1.5 or 3.0%) of either FA (Trial 1) or CA (Trial 2) with or without an antibiotic supplement (110 mg chlortetracycline, 110 mg sulfamethazine and 55 mg penicillin/kg diet) formed six treatment combinations in each trial. These six diets were fed to two replicate pens of eight pigs each for a 4-wk period. In Trial 1, ADG was improved (P less than .01) during wk 1, and G/F was improved during wk 1 (P less than .01) as well as during wk 1 to 2 (P less than .05) for pigs consuming FA-supplemented diets. In Trial 2, CA had no beneficial influence on ADG during the 4-wk trial. However, feed intake during wk 1 was depressed (P less than .05) by adding CA, as was G/F during wk 1 to 2 (P less than .05). Based on these results, FA was selected to be used in a nutrient balance study. Twelve 4-wk-old weanling pigs were fed one of three diets: control (C), C + 1.5% FA, or C + antibiotic supplement (A). Diet digestible energy (DE), ME and N-corrected ME (MEN) were not different among treatments. Nitrogen balance, percentage N retained and apparent N digestibility were not affected by dietary treatment. Calcium balance and percentage of Ca retained were unaffected by diet. (ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
AMELIORATIVE EFFECT OF VITAMIN E AGAINST THE TOXICITY OF AFLATOXIN B1 ON RATS WITH SPECIAL REFERENCE TO ITS EFFECT ON MALE FERTILITY

Aflatoxins are secondary toxic fungal metabolites produced by A.flavus and A. parasiticus. They not only contaminate our foodstuffs, but also found in edible tissues, milk, and eggs after consumption of contaminated feed by farm animals. In utero, exposure of aflatoxin through mother’s blood has also been reported in human beings. To assess the ameliorative effects of vitamin E on AFB1 toxicity on rats, 30 male albino rats ranged from 125 to 145 gm were classified into 3 groups each of 10 rats ; group (1) was kept as control ; Group (2) was given AFB1 7.5 ug/ 200 g body weight orally for 3 successive weeks and Group (3) was given vit.E 0.9 mg/200 g b.wt. orally 1 week before dosing AFB1, then continue orally dosing AFB1 plus Vit.E in a dose simillar to group (2) . AFB1 lowered body weight; growth rate; total protein; albumin; globulin ; testis weight ; relative testicular weight ; percentage of morphologically normal sperm; serum testosterone concentration ; RBCs ; WBCs ; Hb ; PCV and MCHC, while increased serum levels of GOT ; GPT ; creatinine ; urea ; sperm abnormalities ; MCV and MCH concentration . The liver ; testis ; kidney ; heart and lungs showed sever histopathological changes in group (2) , but these histopathological lesions were mild or nearly absent in group (3) . Vit.E. treatment significantly ameliorated the above mentioned AFB1-induced changes. Abbreviations : AFB1 = Aflatoxin B1 - GOT = glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase GPT = glutamic pyrovate transaminase RBCs =Red blood cells Vit.E. = vitamin E WBCs =White blood cells Hb=Hemoglobin PCV =Packed cell volume MCH=Mean corpuscualr haemoglobin MCHC=Mean Corpuscular haemoglobin concentration MCV= Mean corpuscular volume
Embolization and reduction of the "steal" syndrome in cerebral arteriovenous malformations.

✓ The authors report their experience with embolization of unresectable cerebral arteriovenous malformations in 10 patients; seven showed clinical improvement, two no change, and one became worse. Follow-up studies for up to 9 years suggest that partial obliteration of a lesion that shunts blood away from normal brain alleviates the clinical syndrome by enhancing cerebral perfusion. Thus, satisfactory results may be obtained without occlusion of malformations causing symptomatology on the basis of a cerebral steal.
Governance and uncertainty: the trade‐off between administrative control and commitment

This study elaborates upon the motives for initiating equity-based collaborations vs. acquisition of another firm already having a desired technology. We characterize both minority direct investments and joint ventures as options to defer either internal development or acquisition of a target firm. In domains where learning about growth opportunities dominates investment activity, this incremental mode of governance economizes on the cost of committing resources to a technology with an uncertain value. Using a sample of 402 transactions in the biotechnology industry, we find strong support for the theoretical model. The findings suggest that the cost of commitment in the face of technological uncertainty may offset the administrative benefits of hierarchical governance. 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
DISCOVERY OF A SMALL CENTRAL DISK OF CO AND H i IN THE MERGER REMNANT NGC 34

We present CO(1–0) and H i (21 cm) observations of the central region of the wet merger remnant NGC 34. The Combined Array for Research in Millimeter-wave Astronomy observations detect a regularly rotating disk in CO with a diameter of 2.1 kpc and a total molecular hydrogen mass of (2.1 ± 0.2) × 109 M☉. The rotation curve of this gas disk rises steeply, reaching maximum velocities at 1″ (410 pc) from the center. Interestingly, H i observations performed with the Karl G. Jansky Very Large Array show that the absorption against the central continuum has the exact same velocity range as the CO in emission. This strongly suggests that the absorbing H i also lies within 1″ from the center, is mixed in, and corotates with the molecular gas. A comparison of H i absorption profiles taken at different resolutions (5″–45″) shows that the spectra at lower resolutions are less deep at the systemic velocity. This provides evidence for H i emission in the larger beams, covering the region from 1 kpc to 9 kpc from the center. The central rapidly rotating disk was likely formed either during the merger or from fall-back material. Lastly, the radio continuum flux of the central source at mm wavelengths (5.4 ± 1.8 mJy) is significantly higher than expected from an extrapolation of the synchrotron spectrum, indicating the contribution of thermal free–free emission from the central starburst.
Robust control of shunt active power filter using interval type-2 fuzzy logic controller for power quality improvement

Original scientific paper It is well-known that shunt active power filter (SAPF) is widely used to reduce harmonic distortion and to compensate reactive power in electrical power systems. DC bus voltage control of SAPF is very important for excellent power quality. In the control of SAPF, DC bus voltage is controlled by conventional control methods such as PI and PID controllers. However, these controllers cannot give good results under transient and steady state conditions. Robust and intelligent controllers are required in order to improve performance of SAPF. In this paper, interval type-2 fuzzy logic system (T2FLS) that does not require mathematical model to be controlled system is preferred for control of DC bus voltage of SAPF and compared with type-1 fuzzy logic system (T1FLS). SAPF structures with both controllers are designed and simulated using MATLAB /Simulink environment. Simulation results have shown that SAPF structure with proposed controller has superior features than T1FLS in terms of fixed DC bus voltage, total harmonic distortion and power quality.
Peginterferon alfa-2b or alfa-2a with ribavirin for treatment of hepatitis C infection.

BACKGROUND Treatment guidelines recommend the use of peginterferon alfa-2b or peginterferon alfa-2a in combination with ribavirin for chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection. However, these regimens have not been adequately compared. METHODS At 118 sites, patients who had HCV genotype 1 infection and who had not previously been treated were randomly assigned to undergo 48 weeks of treatment with one of three regimens: peginterferon alfa-2b at a standard dose of 1.5 microg per kilogram of body weight per week or a low dose of 1.0 microg per kilogram per week, plus ribavirin at a dose of 800 to 1400 mg per day, or peginterferon alfa-2a at a dose of 180 microg per week plus ribavirin at a dose of 1000 to 1200 mg per day. We compared the rate of sustained virologic response and the safety and adverse-event profiles between the peginterferon alfa-2b regimens and between the standard-dose peginterferon alfa-2b regimen and the peginterferon alfa-2a regimen. RESULTS Among 3070 patients, rates of sustained virologic response were similar among the regimens: 39.8% with standard-dose peginterferon alfa-2b, 38.0% with low-dose peginterferon alfa-2b, and 40.9% with peginterferon alfa-2a (P=0.20 for standard-dose vs. low-dose peginterferon alfa-2b; P=0.57 for standard-dose peginterferon alfa-2b vs. peginterferon alfa-2a). Estimated differences in response rates were 1.8% (95% confidence interval [CI], -2.3 to 6.0) between standard-dose and low-dose peginterferon alfa-2b and -1.1% (95% CI, -5.3 to 3.0) between standard-dose peginterferon alfa-2b and peginterferon alfa-2a. Relapse rates were 23.5% (95% CI, 19.9 to 27.2) for standard-dose peginterferon alfa-2b, 20.0% (95% CI, 16.4 to 23.6) for low-dose peginterferon alfa-2b, and 31.5% (95% CI, 27.9 to 35.2) for peginterferon alfa-2a. The safety profile was similar among the three groups; serious adverse events were observed in 8.6 to 11.7% of patients. Among the patients with undetectable HCV RNA levels at treatment weeks 4 and 12, a sustained virologic response was achieved in 86.2% and 78.7%, respectively. CONCLUSIONS In patients infected with HCV genotype 1, the rates of sustained virologic response and tolerability did not differ significantly between the two available peginterferon-ribavirin regimens or between the two doses of peginterferon alfa-2b. (ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT00081770.)
The Internet and Global Market Research

Abstract As business becomes more global in scope, managers are increasingly looking to both traditional and net-centric market research to provide direction in this increasingly uncertain world. This analysis provides firsthand accounts from industry experts and practitioners via interviews and surveys of the current state, future trends and risks facing the market research industry in the emerging information economy.
Performance Evaluation of IS-95A CDMA Traffic Channels using Simulink

The paper before you is an evaluation of the IS-95A CDMA forward link and reverse link performance. We have devised some numerical results based on the real time simulation of the forward link and the reverse link under constraints imposed by the regular A WGN and REYLEIGH faded channels along with the mobile users imposed limitation. This simulation can also be used to deduce results for practical CDMA system designing. We have come up with graphical relationship between the BER (bit error rate) and SNR (signal to noise ratio).
Mutual commitment and experiential knowledge in international business relationships

Numerous studies have identified various patterns of behaviour by firms developing international business relationships, but little attention has been devoted to empirical studies of the dynamic processes within these international business relationships. This paper contributes towards a better understanding of how market knowledge and market commitment are developed in supplier/customer relationships in international markets. It reports the empirical testing of a dynamic model of increasing commitment and experiential knowledge development in international business relationships. The model shows that the dynamics of experiential knowledge generation seem to take place mainly in the mutual relationship development, not so much within the individual firms that develop the relationship. The dynamics of the model are that a domestic supplier replaces his business relationships with existing customers for other business relationships with customers that are more embedded in the foreign market. This process shows how the supplier’s increased knowledge of the business network that a foreign customer is embedded in makes it possible for the supplier to overstep the customer and deal with firms that are more embedded in the local market. The model thus explicates a process of increasing foreign market involvement.
Cerebral vasculitis and multi‐focal neurological deficits due to allopurinol‐induced hypersensitivity syndrome

Drug‐induced hypersensitivity syndrome (DIHS) is a multi‐system syndrome resulting from an idiosyncratic reaction to medication. While it commonly results in multi‐organ involvement, particularly the liver, there are few reports of DIHS causing cerebral vasculitis and neurological deficits. We report the case of a 63‐year old woman with DIHS secondary to allopurinol leading to multiple neurological deficits with magnetic resonance imaging findings consistent with a cerebral vasculitis.
Do Investors Value Sustainability Reports? A Canadian Study

The publication of sustainability reports has increased significantly in most western countries in recent years. The fact that this type of reporting is on a voluntary basis in a number of countries raises questions about whether capital markets take these reports into account. This study attempts to address this question, drawing on a sample of Canadian companies listed on the Toronto Stock Exchange. The results suggest that investors positively value this type of reporting. These findings support the relevance of initiatives like the Global Reporting Initiative, the UN Global Compact, and that launched by the International Organization for Standardization (ISO), which focus on the development of recognized guidelines for sustainability reporting. Our findings can also serve as arguments to facilitate a firm's voluntary commitment to such types of disclosures. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd and ERP Environment.
[Effects of Aptamer-siRNA Nucleic Acid Compound on Growth and Apoptosis in Myeloid Leukemia Cell Line K562].

OBJECTIVE To explore the effects of aptamer-siRNA nucleic acid compound on growth and apoptosis in myeloid leukemia cell line K562. METHODS the changes of cellular morphology and structure were observed by using fluorescence microscope, laser confocal microscope, JEM-4000EX transmission electron microscopy; MTT assay were performed to evaluate the sensibility of K562 cells to aptamer-siRNA compound, the apoptosis was detected by DNA gel electro-phoresis. RESULTS The remarkably changes of morphology and structure of K562 cells treated with 200 µmol/L aptamer-siRNA were observed under fluorescence microscopy and electromicroscopy. As compared with control, the aptamer-siRNA compound showed more inhibitory effect on K562 cells and there was significant difference (P<0.05). The MTT assay showed that the IC50 value of aptamer-siRNA compound for K562 cells was 150 µmol/L. According to agarose gel electrophoresis observation, when the aptamer-siRNA compound showed effect on K562 cells, the typical DNA lader could be observed. CONCLUSION The aptamer-siRNA compound can significantly induce K562 cell apoptosis, and provide reference for gene therapy of patients with chronic myelocytic lenkemia.
Visualization of Distributed Data Structures for High Performance Fortran-Like Languages

This article motivates the usage of graphics and visualization for efficient utilization of High Performance Fortran's (HPF's) data distribution facilities. It proposes a graphical toolkit consisting of exploratory and estimation tools which allow the programmer to navigate through complex distributions and to obtain graphical ratings with respect to load distribution and communication. The toolkit has been implemented in a mapping design and visualization tool which is coupled with a compilation system for the HPF predecessor Vienna Fortran. Since this language covers a superset of HPF's facilities, the tool may also be used for visualization of HPF data structures.
Optimal Acceleration-Velocity-Bounded Trajectory Planning in Dynamic Crowd Simulation

Creating complex and realistic crowd behaviors, such as pedestrian navigation behavior with dynamic obstacles, is a difficult and timeconsuming task. In this paper, we study one special type of crowd which is composed of urgent individuals, normal individuals, and normal groups. We use three steps to construct the crowd simulation in dynamic environment. The first one is that the urgent individuals move forward along a given path around dynamic obstacles and other crowd members. An optimal acceleration-velocity-bounded trajectory planning method is utilized to model their behaviors, which ensures that the durations of the generated trajectories are minimal and the urgent individuals are collision-free with dynamic obstacles (e.g., dynamic vehicles). In the second step, a pushing model is adopted to simulate the interactions between urgent members and normal ones, which ensures that the computational cost of the optimal trajectory planning is acceptable. The third step is obligated to imitate the interactions among normal members using collision avoidance behavior and flocking behavior. Various simulation results demonstrate that these three steps give realistic crowd phenomenon just like the real world.