Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Probable post‐synaptic α2 adrenergic mediated effect of xylazine on goat uterine motility

Perez, R. , Cox, J.F. , Arrue, R. Probable post-synaptic ot2 adrenergic mediated effect of xylazine on goat uterine motility. J. vet. Pharmacol. Therap. 17, 59–63. Xylazine has been characterized as a selective α2-adrenoceptor agonist, which has explained its central nervous system depressant and other pharmacological effects. In order to characterize the effect of xylazine on uterine motility during the oestrus cycle in goats intrauterine pressure changes were recorded in cycling goats using balloon-tipped catheters placed in the uterine horns and connected to pressure transducers and a recorder. The effect of xylazine on myometrial activity was studied by giving increasing doses of the drug (1.0, 10.0, 100.0 or 500.0 mg/kg) intravenously (i.v.) to animals either in the follicular or the luteal phase of the cycle. To establish the subtype of a adrenergic receptor mediating the action of xylazine, goats were pretreated with either prazosin (1.0 mg/kg, i.v.) or yohimbine (1.0 mg/kg, i.v.). To establish whether the effect of xylazine was pre- or post-synaptic, xylazine (100 mg/kg, i.v.) was administered to goats pretreated with reserpine (0.8 mg/kg, i.p.) to deplete presynaptic catecholamine stores. Xylazine induced a significant and dose-dependent increase on uterine motility in cycling goats, apparently mediated by postsynaptic oc2-adrenoceptors.
The DSL1 Complex: The Smallest but Not the Least CATCHR

The DSL1 complex is a conserved tethering complex at the endoplasmic reticulum that recognizes Golgi‐derived COPI vesicles and hands them over to the fusion machinery. The DSL1 complex is the simplest tethering complex of the complexes associated with tethering containing helical rods (CATCHR) family. CATCHR tethering complexes play a role at compartments along the exocytic and endocytic pathways. In this review, different functions of the DSL1 complex are discussed, some open questions with the seemingly straightforward picture are pointed out and alternative functions of the DSL1 complex members are mentioned.
Objectifying the Functional Advantages of Prosthetic Wrist Flexion

The functionality of a prosthetic device for the upper limb may be increased by incorporation of an additional degree of freedom. A prosthetic wrist joint with flexion and extension allows the manipulation of objects in different ways. Reaching for objects or other dynamic movements is essential in the activities of daily living for all amputees. The range of motion of the upper limb is influenced in a physiological manner by the addition of such a degree of freedom. Measurements were conducted by means of an optoelectronic camera system for recording motion kinematics. The subjects were fit with myoelectric arm prostheses and performed predefined motion tests with the sound limb and with the prosthetic side. The position of flexion angles of the prosthetic wrist were varied systematically. There may be evidence that an optimized prosthetic wrist flexion device supports physiological motion patterns in contrast to a prosthetic hand without the wrist flexion.
Phagosome as the Organelle Linking Innate and Adaptive Immunity

The means by which phagocytosis and antimicrobial defense mechanisms are linked have expanded greatly in recent years. It is now clear that the process of phagocytosis does more than just degrade internalized microbes, but also helps coordinate the actions of the innate and adaptive immune system. This review will discuss the means by which Toll‐like receptor signaling pathways are coordinated around the processes of phagocytosis, phagosome trafficking and autophagy and how these signaling pathways influence T‐cell‐mediated immunity. In this regard, we propose that at the subcellular level, phagosomes represent the smallest definable unit that links innate and adaptive immunity.
Tracking Sphingosine Metabolism and Transport in Sphingolipidoses: NPC1 Deficiency as a Test Case

The late endosomal/lysosomal compartment (LE/LY) plays a key role in sphingolipid breakdown, with the last degradative step catalyzed by acid ceramidase. The released sphingosine can be converted to ceramide in the ER and transported by ceramide transfer protein (CERT) to the Golgi for conversion to sphingomyelin. The mechanism by which sphingosine exits LE/LY is unknown but Niemann–Pick C1 protein (NPC1) has been suggested to be involved. Here, we used sphingomyelin, ceramide and sphingosine labeled with [3H] in carbon‐3 of the sphingosine backbone and targeted them to LE/LY in low‐density lipoprotein (LDL) particles. These probes traced LE/LY sphingolipid degradation and recycling as suggested by (1) accumulation of [3H]‐sphingomyelin‐derived [3H]‐ceramide and depletion of [3H]‐sphingosine upon acid ceramidase depletion, and (2) accumulation of [3H]‐sphingosine‐derived [3H]‐ceramide and attenuation of [3H]‐sphingomyelin synthesis upon CERT depletion. NPC1 silencing did not result in the accumulation of [3H]‐sphingosine derived from [3H]‐sphingomyelin/LDL or [3H]‐ceramide/LDL. Additional evidence against NPC1 playing a significant role in LE/LY sphingosine export was obtained in experiments using the [3H]‐sphingolipids or a fluorescent sphingosine derivative in NPC1 knock‐out cells. Instead, NPC1‐deficient cells displayed an increased affinity for sphingosine independently of protein‐mediated lipid transport. This likely contributes to the increased sphingosine content of NPC1 cells.
CUTANEOUS LEISHMANIASIS ON THE ISTHMUS OF PANAMA

The diagnosis of cutaneous leishmaniasis in 6 patients within one year has been the stimulus for this report. The only articles dealing with cutaneous leishmaniasis on the Isthmus of Panama are 4 case reports, all published over thirty years ago, by Darling, 1 Herrick, 2 Darling and Connor 3 and Bates. 4 Brosius 5 has recorded 2 proved cases from the western part of Panama near Costa Rica. The distribution of cutaneous leishmaniasis in Central and South America has been summarized by Shattuck. 6 In the forty year period from May 1904 to May 1944 there have been over 500,000 admissions to Gorgas Hospital and over 40,000 surgical specimens have been examined at the Board of Health Laboratory, Ancon, Canal Zone. From these records I have been able to collect 15 cases of proved cutaneous leishmaniasis. The data of these cases are summarized in the table. Only
Contrast Harmonic-Endoscopic Ultrasound Is Useful to Identify Neoplastic Features of Pancreatic Cysts (With Videos)

Objectives To evaluate the potential role of contrast harmonic endoscopic ultrasound (CH-EUS) in the differential diagnosis of pancreatic cysts and detection of malignancy. Methods Patients who underwent CH-EUS for evaluation of cyst wall, septae, and solid components of pancreatic cysts were included. The findings were compared to fine needle aspiration and surgery. Results Seventy-six patients were included. Serous and mucinous cysts were both hyperenhanced (86% and 89%, respectively; P = ns), whereas pseudocysts were hypoenhanced in 90% of the cases (P = 0.000004 vs serous cysts and P = 0.000005 vs mucinous cysts). Patients showing hyperenhanced solid components were finally diagnosed with malignancy (2 malignant intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasms, 2 cystic neuroendocrine tumors), in contrast to the patients with nonenhanced solid components who resulted to have either benign cysts with internal mucus clots (n = 10) or pseudocysts with internal debris (n = 8). Conclusions CH-EUS allowed differentiation between pseudocysts and other pancreatic cysts but not mucinous versus serous cysts. Malignant vegetations inside pancreatic cystic lesions were clearly shown by CH-EUS as solid components with features of hyperenhancement, directing EUS-fine needle aspiration of potential neoplastic areas and avoiding puncture of debris and mucus plugs.
A re‐examination of Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) cutoff scores

The Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA; Nasreddine et al., 2005) is a cognitive screening tool that aims to differentiate healthy cognitive aging from Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI). Several validation studies have been conducted on the MoCA, in a variety of clinical populations. Some studies have indicated that the originally suggested cutoff score of 26/30 leads to an inflated rate of false positives, particularly for those of older age and/or lower education. We conducted a systematic review and meta‐analysis of the literature to determine the diagnostic accuracy of the MoCA for differentiating healthy cognitive aging from possible MCI.
Anticoagulant activity of a natural protein purified from Hypomesus olidus

Abstract A novel anticoagulant protein (E-II-1) was separated and purified from Hypomesus olidus, a unique freshwater fish in northern China. E-II-1 had a molecular mass of approximately 40 kDa with no subunits. The high content of hydrophobic amino acids and negatively charged amino acids in E-II-1 demonstrated that the amino acid compositions might contribute to the anticoagulant activity. E-II-1 contained α-helices 16.75%, β-sheets 42.67%, β-turn 25.58% and random coil 15.00%. In vitro blood coagulation time assay, E-II-1 significantly prolonged the activated partial thrombin time in a dose-dependent manner. Results indicated that E-II-1 acted as anticoagulants through the endogenous pathway with an inhibition of FXa. The specific activity of E-II-1 was 103.50 U/mg at a concentration of 1.00 mg/mL. Therefore, E-II-1 might be one of the promising anticoagulants originated from natural food sources with more safety and less side effects.
Secondary metabolites from Colletotrichum capsici, an endophytic fungus derived from Siegesbeckia pubescens Makino

Abstract A rare new tremulane sesquiterpenoid analogue, 11,12-epoxy-5,6-seco-1,6(13)-tremuladien-5,12-olide (1), together with five known altenuene derivatives (2–6) was isolated from the cultures of Colletotrichum capsici, which was isolated as an endophytic fungus from fresh leaves of Siegesbeckia pubescens Makino (Compositae). Their structures were elucidated by means of spectroscopic methods and comparison with literature data. All compounds isolated were reported for the first time from the fungus C. capsici.
Carbon Dioxide Insufflation During Endoscopic Pancreatic Function Tests Does Not Alter Duodenal Aspirate Bicarbonate Concentrations

2017 Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. All rights re obtain both imaging and functional assessment of the pancreas. Insufflation of the gut lumen is necessary during ePFT, and carbon dioxide (CO2) insufflation may be desirable as it lessens patient discomfort associated with this relatively lengthy endoscopic procedure. However, the impact of CO2 insufflation on bicarbonate (HCO3) levels of endoscopically collected duodenal aspirates is unknown.
Postnatal development of respiratory mucosal immune function in the rat: regulation of IgE responses to inhaled allergen

Repeated exposure of immunocompetent adult rats to aerosolised allergen stimulates persistent IgG responses to the allergen, the magnitude of which varies as a function of genetic background. In contrast, exposed adult animals develop immunological tolerance in the IgE isotype, and are unable to produce allergen‐specific IgE antibody in response to subsequent parenteral immunization. Infant rats appear anergic to challenge with inhaled allergen either in relation to IgG synthesis or expression of tolerance in the IgE antibody class, and both these functions were subsequently acquired during the first week after weaning. Systemic immune responses were essentially normal in the infant animals, suggesting that the failure to ‘recognise’ inhaled antigen in the early postnatal period was due to a selective maturational defect in local respiratory mucosal immune function.
In vitro evaluation of the loosening characteristics of self-tapped and non-self-tapped cortical bone screws.

: The heads of self-tapping and non-self-tapping screws in dog femurs were exposed to a cyclic shearing force of 110 N for 200 loading cycles. This cyclic shear loading created a decrease in pull-out strength for both screw types of approximately 11% (p less than 0.01). No statistically significant difference in pull-out strength was found between screw types either before or after cyclic loading. A linear relationship between pull-out force and cortical thickness was observed for both screw types. These tests corroborated past work which showed equal holding power for the self-tapping and non-self-tapping screw. The progressive loosening of the screws with cyclic shear loading was accompanied by increasing load-displacement hysteresis and screw head migration. Greater hysteresis suggested that the non-self-tapping screw might have loosened more than the self-tapping screw from this applied loading schedule. Bone microcracking around screw threads before and after cyclic loading was observed by scanning electron microscopy. Photomicrographs of one non-self-tapping screw type and two self-tapping screw types showed microcracks at the tip of the outer diameter of the screw thread. More microcracks were observed after application of cyclic shear loading.
Origem e conformação do campo da nutrição em saúde pública em Pernambuco: uma análise histórico-estrutural

O objetivo deste trabalho foi investigar o processo de constituicao do campo da Nutricao em Saude Publica em Pernambuco, no periodo 1930-1982, correspondente a trajetoria academica de Nelson Chaves, fundador do Curso de Nutricionistas e do Instituto de Nutricao da Universidade Federal de Pernambuco. A metodologia consistiu na analise das fontes escritas existentes, representadas pelas publicacoes dos cientistas envolvidos. A analise destas fontes sugere que a conformacao deste campo cientifico constituiu um processo complexo, definido sob a influencia de diferentes interesses, produzidos interna e externamente pela comunidade cientifica investigada. Por fim, procuramos demonstrar como um grupo de cientistas, a partir das suas preocupacoes em buscar solucoes para a problematica da desnutricao infantil em Pernambuco, construiu o que chamamos de paradigma ecologico-humanista nutricional, contribuindo para a institucionalizacao do campo da Nutricao em Saude Publica no Brasil.
Two new stilbene trimers from Cynodon dactylon

Abstract Many naturally occurring oligostilbenes have drawn considerable attention because of their intricate structures and diverse bioactivities. Two new stilbene trimers, cystibenetrimerol A (1) and cystibenetrimerol B (2) were isolated from the dried grass of Cynodon dactylon (L.) Pers. The planar structures and stereo configurations of them were elucidated by spectroscopic and spectrometric methods. The isolation and structures elucidation of two new stilbene trimers suggested the ordinary grass belonging to the family Poaceae may be a rich source of stilbene oligomers.
Mitochondrial Markers for Cancer: Relevance to Diagnosis, Therapy, and Prognosis and General Understanding of Malignant Disease Mechanisms

Cancer cells display changes that aid them to escape from cell death, sustain their proliferative powers, and shift their metabolism toward glycolytic energy production. Mitochondria are key organelles in many metabolic and biosynthetic pathways, and the adaptation of mitochondrial function has been recognized as crucial to the changes that occur in cancer cells. This paper zooms in on the pathologic evaluation of mitochondrial markers for diagnosing and staging of human cancer and determining the patients’ prognoses.
A ratiometric and colorimetric luminescent thermometer over a wide temperature range based on a lanthanide coordination polymer.

A lanthanide coordination polymer Tb0.957Eu0. 043cpda was synthesized as a ratiometric and colorimetric luminescent thermometer. The high triplet excited state energy of a linker enables Tb0.957Eu0. 043cpda to detect and visualize temperature over a wide range from cryogenic to room temperature (40-300 K).
Hematopoietic Stem Cell Engraftment and Seeding Permits Multi‐Lymphoid Chimerism in Vascularized Bone Marrow Transplants

Vascularized bone marrow transplantation (VBMT) across a MHC barrier under a 7‐day αβ‐TCR mAb and CsA protocol facilitated multiple hematolymphoid chimerism via trafficking of the immature (CD90) bone marrow cells (BMC) between donor and recipient compartments. Early engraftment of donor BMC [BN(RT1n)] into the recipient BM compartment [LEW(RT1l)] was achieved at 1 week posttransplant and this was associated with active hematopoiesis within allografted bone and correlated with high chimerism in the hematolymphoid organs. Two‐way trafficking between donor and recipient BM compartments was confirmed by the presence of recipient MHC class I cells (RT1l) within the allografted bone up to 3 weeks posttransplant. At 10 weeks posttransplant, decline of BMC viability in allografted bone corresponded with bone fibrosis and lack of hematopoiesis. In contrast, active hematopoiesis was present in the recipient bone as evidenced by the presence of donor‐specific immature (CD90/RT1n) cells, which correlated with chimerism maintenance. Clonogenic activity of donor‐origin cells (RT1n) engrafted into the host BM compartment was confirmed by colony‐forming units (CFU) assay. These results confirm that hematolymphoid chimerism is developed early post‐VBMT by T‐cell lineage and despite allografted bone fibrosis chimerism maintenance is supported by B‐cell linage and active hematopoiesis of donor‐origin cells in the host BM compartment.
Prognostic Value of Cardiovascular Screening in Potential Renal Transplant Recipients: A Single‐Center Prospective Observational Study

We assessed the outcome of pretransplant cardiac assessment in a single center. Three hundred patients with end‐stage renal disease underwent electrocardiogram, Bruce exercise testing (ETT) and ventricular assessment by cardiac MRI. Patients with high index of suspicion of coronary artery disease (CAD) underwent coronary angiography and percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) if indicated. Two hundred and twenty‐two patients were accepted onto the renal transplant waiting list; 80 patients were transplanted during the follow‐up period and 60 died (7 following transplantation). Successful transplantation was associated with improved survival (mean survival 4.5 ± 0.6 years vs. listed not transplanted 4.1 ± 1.4 years vs. not listed 3.1 ± 1.7 years; p < 0.001). Ninety‐nine patients underwent coronary angiography; 65 had normal or low‐grade CAD and 34 obstructive CAD. Seventeen patients (5.6%) were treated by PCI. There was no apparent survival difference between patients who underwent PCI or coronary artery bypass graft compared to those who underwent angiography without intervention or no angiography (p = 0.67). Factors associated with nonlisting for renal transplantation included burden of preexisting cardiovascular disease, poor exercise tolerance and severity of CAD. Pretransplant cardiovascular screening provides prognostic information and information that can be used to restrict access to transplantation. However, if the aim is to identify and treat CAD, the benefits are far from clear.
Short-wave Diathermy and Pregnancy: What is the Evidence?

Short-wave diathermy (SWD) is a form of electromagnetic radiation used therapeutically by physiotherapists. Its frequency of use has declined for several reasons, including concerns regarding its safety and in particular the possibility of adverse effects on pregnancy. This paper examines the evidence from animal and human studies on the possible hazards of stray radiofrequency (RF) radiation. It was concluded that no association has been found between SWD exposure and spontaneous abortion, prematurity, stillbirth or reduced fertility. An association was demonstrated, however, between SWD exposure and congenital malformations and low birth weight. Research has been completed investigating stray radiation levels in physiotherapy departments but is conflicting in its advice. International guidelines are available to promote the safe use of this equipment but offer little advice for pregnant operators. Further research is therefore necessary to enable all operators to apply treatment safely for both themselves and their patients
Clinical Significance of the Measurements of Serum Matrix Metalloproteinase-9 and Its Inhibitor (Tissue Inhibitor of Metalloproteinase-1) in Patients With Pancreatic Cancer: Metalloproteinase-9 as an Independent Prognostic Factor

Objective: Pancreatic cancer (PC) is a malignant tumor with high mortality. Aggressive growth and metastases of PC are the result of basement membrane degradation that may be attributed to the action of matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9). The aim of the study was to determine the diagnostic and prognostic significance of the measurements of serum MMP-9 and tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-1 (TIMP-1) in patients with PC. Methods: The study involved 78 patients with PC, 45 with chronic pancreatitis, and 70 healthy subjects. We assayed the serum concentrations of MMP-9, TIMP-1, and classic tumor markers (carbohydrate antigen 19-9 and carcinoembryonic antigen) and defined the prognostic value and the diagnostic criteria for all the proteins tested. Results: In the patients with PC, the serum levels of MMP-9, TIMP-1, and the tumor markers were higher as compared with those in the patients with chronic pancreatitis and the healthy subjects. The diagnostic sensitivity and the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve for TIMP-1 were higher than for MMP-9 and the tumor markers. The elevated preoperative concentration of MMP-9 was a significant independent prognostic factor for the patients' survival. Conclusions: These findings indicate a potential clinical significance of serum TIMP-1 and MMP-9 measurements in the diagnosis and prognosis of patients with PC, respectively.
Chronic Kidney Disease After Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation: A Systematic Review

Advances in hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT) have broadened its indications for use and resulted in more long‐term HCT survivors. Some survivors develop chronic kidney disease (CKD); however, the incidence and risk factors are unclear. We performed a systematic review of studies identified from databases (MEDLINE, EMBASE, Science Citation Index), conference abstracts and reference lists from selected manuscripts. From 927 manuscripts, 28 patient cohorts were identified in which 9317 adults and children underwent HCT and 7317 (79%) survived to at least 100 days, permitting inclusion of 5337 (73% of survivors) in quantitative analyses. Although definitions and measurements varied widely, approximately 16.6% of HCT patients developed CKD and estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR in mL/min/1.73 m2) decreased by 24.5 after 24 months. This decrease was greater amongst patients undergoing allogeneic HCT (ΔeGFR =−40.0 versus −18.6 for autologous transplants). Several commonly reported risk factors for CKD were investigated, including acute renal failure, total body irradiation, graft versus host disease and long‐term cyclosporine use. In conclusion, CKD following HCT is likely to be common; however, prospective studies with uniform definitions of CKD and risk factors are needed to confirm these findings and better define the underlying mechanisms to promote therapies that prevent this complication.