Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Untersuchung der CO-Adsorption an oxidgeträgerten Platinkatalysatoren für PEM-Brennstoffzellen mittels in-situ DRIFTS, XAS und Zyklovoltammetrie

VI Inhaltsverzeichnis . VII Abbildungsverzeichnis . IX Tabellenverzeichnis . XI Abkürzungen und Symbole . XIII 1. Einleitung und Motivation . 1 2. Theoretische Grundlagen . 5 2.1 Oxide als alternative Trägermaterialien für Brennstoffzellenkatalysatoren . 5 2.2 Wechselwirkung von CO mit Platinnanopartikeln . 6 2.2.1 CO-Bindung an Platin . 6 2.2.2 Elektrochemische Oxidation von CO an Platin . 9 2.2.3 CO-Adsorption an Pt/SiO2 (EuroPt-1) . 11 2.3 Wechselwirkung von Platin mit dem Oxidträger . 12 2.4 Adsorbat-induzierte Strukturänderung der Platinnanopartikel . 13 2.5 Diffuse Reflexions-Fouriertransformationsinfrarotspektroskopie (DRIFTS) . 16 2.6 Röntgenabsorptionsspektroskopie (XAS) . 18 3. Experimenteller Teil . 21 3.1 Synthese der oxidgeträgerten Platinnanopartikel . 21 3.2 Strukturelle Charakterisierung . 22 3.3 Aufbau der DRIFTS-Apparatur und Durchführung der DRIFTS-Experimente . 26 3.4 Röntgenabsorptionsspektroskopie . 29 3.5 Elektrochemische Charakterisierung . 33 3.5. 1 Zyklovoltammetrie. 33 3.5. 2 In-situ Zyklovoltammetrie . 35 4. Ergebnisse und Diskussion. 39 4.1 Entwicklung einer in-situ XAS-DRIFTS-Zelle . 39 4.2 Untersuchung der Adsorbate auf Pt/SiO2 . 49 4.2.1 CO-Adsorption an EuroPt-1 . 49 4.2.2 Adsorbat-induzierte Strukturänderung von EuroPt-1 . 67 4.3 Untersuchung der Adsorbate an Pt/(dotierten) Zinnoxiden . 83 4.3.1 Einfluss des Trägermaterials auf die Struktur der Platinnanopartikel . 83 4.3.2 Temperaturund Gasatmosphären-induzierte Strukturänderung . 92 4.3.3 Untersuchungen der Katalysatoren in elektrochemischer Umgebung . 98 5. Schlussfolgerungen und Ausblick . 109
Isovector axial vector and pseudoscalar transition form factors of ∆ in QCD

We investigate the isovector axial vector and pseudoscalar form factors of ∆ baryon by employing light-cone QCD sum rules. Numerical calculations show that the form factors can be well ﬁtted by the exponential form. We make a comparison with the predictions of lattice QCD, chiral perturbation theory and quark model.
Determination of Antioxidants in Smilacis Glabrae Rhizoma by High-Performance Liquid Chromatography with Ultraviolet and Mass Spectrometry Detection

ABSTRACT Smilacis Glabrae Rhizoma is a traditional food in China. Although phytochemical and pharmacology studies have been performed, the antioxidant constituents have not been characterized with the exception of astilbin. In the present study, six antioxidants in Smilacis Glabrae Rhizoma were determined by high-performance liquid chromatography with ultraviolet and mass spectrometry detection using 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl and 2,2′-azinobis (3-ethylbenzthiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) assays. These analytes were 5-O-caffeoylshikimic acid, polydatin, neoastilbin, astilbin, neoisoastilbin, and isoastilbin. The relative Trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity of each compound was determined using the two protocols. Moreover, antioxidant fingerprints were constructed for quality evaluation of Smilacis Glabrae Rhizoma and principal component analysis was performed to provide a guide for customers and producers to ensure the quality of the raw materials. The methodology may be used for the analysis of Smilacis Glabrae Rhizoma and potentially for other plant-based products.
Seismic observation of tsunami at island broadband

19 Previous studies have reported seismic observations of tsunami recorded at island 20 broadband stations. Coastal loading by the tsunami can explain them. For further 21 quantification, we model tsunami propagation assuming an axisymmetric structure: a 22 conical island with a flat ocean floor. The total tsunami wavefield can be represented 23 by superposition between an incident tsunami wave and the scattering. The ground 24 deformation due to the total tsunami wavefield at the center is calculated using static 25 Green’s functions for elastic half-space with a first-order correction for bathymetry. By 26 fitting the modeled displacement to observed seismic data, we can infer the incident 27 tsunami wave, which can be interpreted as the virtual tsunami amplitude without 28 the conical island. First, we apply this new method to three components of seismic 29 data at a volcano island, Aogashima, for the 2015 Torishima-Oki tsunami earthquake. 30 The estimated tsunami amplitude from the vertical component is consistent with the 31 offshore array observation of absolute pressure gauges close to the island (1.5–20 mHz). 32 The estimated incident azimuth from the three components is also consistent with ray 33 theory. Second, we apply this method to seismic data at four island broadband stations 34 in the Indian ocean for the 2010 Mentawai tsunami earthquake in Indonesia. Despite 35 the limited observed frequency range from 0.5–2.0 mHz, the amplitudes and incident 36 azimuths are consistent with past studies. These observations can complement offshore 37 tsunami observations. Moreover, this method is applicable not only for a tsunami but 38 also for background ocean infragravity wave activity. 39
Facile Synthesis of the Novel Ag[1-butyl 3-methyl imidazolium]Br Nanospheres for Efficient Photodisinfection of Wastewaters

Ag[1-butyl 3-methyl imidazolium]Br nanospheres were prepared by a coprecipitation method at ambient temperature. The products were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), diffusion reflectance spectra (DRS), the Brunauer−Emmett−Teller (BET) nitrogen adsorption–desorption isotherms, and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) analysis methods. The photocatalytic properties were evaluated by degradation of acid blue 92 (AB92) and rhodamine B (RB) dye solutions under visible light and the obtained results were discussed. According to the recycling experiments, the samples could efficiently decrease the concentration of the pollutant after four times of repeated using. To assure the practical capacity, photodegradation of a real wastewater produced in the textile industry was studied under the same conditions and the results indicated that the absorption in all wavelengths reduced impressively by the photocatalytic treatment. Furthermore, the antimicrobrial activity was investigated by photoinactivation of S. aureus bacteria in the visible light and the results implied that the prepared samples were able to prevent the growth of bacteria colonies after the reaction time.
Preparation and biodistribution assessment of 111In-BPAMD as a novel agent for bone SPECT imaging

Abstract An early diagnosis of bone metastases is very important for providing a profound decision on a subsequent therapy. In this study, a new agent for SPECT-imaging of bone metastases, 111In-(4-{[(bis(phosphonomethyl))carbamoyl]methyl}-7,10-bis(carboxymethyl)-1,4,7,10-tetraazacyclododec-1-yl) acetic acid (111In-BPAMD) complex has been developed with specific activity of 2.85 TBq/mmol. Radiochemical purity of the radiolabeled complex was checked by instant thin layer chromatography method indicated high radiochemical purity > 95% at the optimal conditions. The complex demonstrated significant stability at room temperature and in human serum at least for 48 h. Hydroxyapatite (HA) binding assay showed high binding ability of the radiolabeled complex even at the low amounts of HA. Also, log P measurements highlighted the strong hydrophilic nature of the complex. Biodistribution studies as well as planar imaging after injection of the complex into the male Syrian mice showed major accumulation of the labelled compound in the bone tissue. Totally, the obtained results indicated that 111In-BPAMD has interesting characteristics as an agent for SPECT-imaging of the bone metastases.
Earnings Risk in the Household: Evidence from Millions of US Tax Returns

Using detailed Internal Revenue Service administrative data on millions of households, we find that households effectively insure against much of the risk facing primary earners. We show that households face less risk than males alone, and households face roughly half the countercyclical risk increase. As a result of these risk differences, household certainty equivalent earnings are 19 percent higher than for males alone, and household certainty equivalent earnings fall by about half as much during recessions. To facilitate related research, we make available the aggregated data used in our analysis. (JEL D12, D13, E32, G51)
A Photoresponsive Artificial Viral Capsid Self-Assembled from an Azobenzene-Containing β-Annulus Peptide

Photoinduced structural changes in peptides can dynamically control the formation and dissociation of supramolecular peptide materials. However, the existence of photoresponsive viral capsids in nature remains unknown. In this study, we constructed an artificial viral capsid possessing a photochromic azobenzene moiety on the peptide backbone. An azobenzene-containing β-annulus peptide derived from the tomato bushy stunt virus was prepared through solid-phase synthesis using Fmoc-3-[(3-aminomethyl)-phenylazo]phenylacetic acid. The azobenzene-containing β-annulus (β-Annulus-Azo) peptide showed a reversible trans/cis isomerization property. The β-annulus-azo peptide self-assembled at 25 μM into capsids with the diameters of 30–50 nm before UV irradiation (trans-form rich), whereas micrometer-sized aggregates were formed after UV irradiation (cis-form rich). The artificial viral capsid possessing azobenzene facilitated the encapsulation of fluorescent-labeled dextrans and their photoinduced release from the capsid.
First-principles study of structure, initial lattice expansion, and pressure-composition-temperature hysteresis for substituted LaNi5 and TiMn2 alloys

The c/a unit-cell aspect ratios of CaCu5-structured AB5 and C14 Laves phase AB2 metal hydride alloy families are generally correlated to pressure-concentration-temperature hysteresis and degree of alloy pulverization. Structures of substituted LaNi4X and C14 Ti4Mn7X compositions and their hydrides in the α-phase were calculated by first principles using density functional theory to look at the c/a ratio and its relationship to initial lattice expansion. Lattice expansion with respect to the lattice parameters and lattice volume in the α-phase hydrides were analyzed, and a general trend in lattice expansion in the direction of higher resistance to elastic deformation was observed to correlate well to the trends in hysteresis measured in AB5 and C14 AB2 type alloys. Lattice expansion is noted to induce microstrains within the crystal lattice, and the anisotropy in the LaNi4X and Ti4Mn7X alloys played a role in determining the direction of higher resistance to deformation. Lattice expansions both measured and calculated have been linked to capacity degradation measurements as well as to hysteresis (a measure of irreversible energy losses due to lattice plastic deformation), which may be related to the dislocations and defects formed during hydrogenation.
Defect detection of flexible circuit board based on convolutional neural network

Flexible printed circuit (FPCs) is one of the important links in the manufacture of electronic products. A minor flaw in the FPC can lead to a major flaw in the final product. Therefore, it is critical to detect and locate all defects on a FPC. Although great progress has been made in FPC defect detection, traditional detection methods are still difficult to deal with complex and diverse FPC. Therefore, this paper designs a depth model that can accurately detect FPC defects from non-detection templates and defect detection image input pairs. This method uses the multi-scale pyramid hierarchy structure inherent in deep neural network (DNN) to construct multi-scale characteristics. First of all, k-means clustering is used to design reasonable anchor points. Then, the network strengthens the relationship between the feature mapping at different levels and the advantages of the underlying structure information and is suitable for the detection of minor defects. The experimental results show that the accuracy of defect detection is improved effectively.
Predicting the Drift Position of Ships using Deep Learning

In recent years, the water transport industry is developing rapidly due to world trade prosperity, so that intricate waterways have become more frequent, and the number of ships is growing upwards. So, it is being challenged and very necessary to control ship safety in busy waters. Predicting the ship's movement can do great significance for improving the safety level of the ship. In this paper, we present a data-driven model for the prediction of ship motion. We use a Blender image data set to simulate a ship floating at sea. For many image data, Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) is considered an appropriate tool for modeling the prediction system. We improve a compact CNN structure through sensitivity analysis because each input's importance to the output is quantified, and lower-ranked will be eliminated. Also, we use the combination of CNN and Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) networks for the training image data set. Finally, all of the different models' results have been analyzed to predict ship motion with time gap effects.
Design of a Lightweight and Flexible Knee Exoskeleton with Compensation Strategy

The lower-limb exoskeleton is promising for gait rehabilitation training and reducing metabolism. A lightweight and flexible knee exoskeleton with Bowden cables as the power transmission is designed. The designed device is highly integrated and convenient to wear, which also combines the advantages of the convenient installation of sensors in a rigid exoskeleton. The block diagram of the human-machine system is established to analyze the factors that affect the exoskeleton assistance. Based on the above analysis, a force control framework based on a position loop is proposed. Besides, the compensation strategy corresponding to the exoskeleton designed in this paper is further considered. Firstly, a feedforward compensation that uses the encoder as the signal source is proposed to account for the subject's active movements. Secondly, the nonlinear deformation compensation is proposed to compensate for the human-machine interface's elastic deformation, which ensures the force loading performance. Thirdly, the iterative force control is used to compensate for the inelastic deformation. The experiments on three subjects demonstrate the effectiveness.
Plasma–liquid interactions: a review and roadmap

Plasma–liquid interactions represent a growing interdisciplinary area of research involving plasma science, fluid dynamics, heat and mass transfer, photolysis, multiphase chemistry and aerosol science. This review provides an assessment of the state-of-the-art of this multidisciplinary area and identifies the key research challenges. The developments in diagnostics, modeling and further extensions of cross section and reaction rate databases that are necessary to address these challenges are discussed. The review focusses on non-equilibrium plasmas.
Learning Convolutional Features and Text Information to Draw Image

In this paper, a more effective and general joint exploration method (JEM) is proposed to synthesize images. By combining the technology of image segmentation, feature extraction, and image synthesis, high-quality images can be generated based on the text description and the convolutional segmentation information. Experiments on the Oxford-102 dataset show that our method is more effective than the GAN-CLS-INT method proposed recently. It also shows that in the training process, using VGG for feature extraction has a faster convergence speed than using AlexNet. Simultaneously, we demonstrate that the segmentation image's background information plays an active role in the training process.
The Regional Heterogeneity Impact of Digital Inclusive Finance on Urban-Rural Income Gap in China: Empirical Research Based on Provincial Panel Threshold Model

This paper selects provincial data from 2013 to 2018 to construct a static panel model and a non-linear panel threshold model. Empirical research finds that digital inclusive finance has a convergence effect in narrowing the urban-rural income gap, but this effect has regional heterogeneity, from strong to weak in the west, east and central. In addition, we find that the deeper the degree of openness, the stronger the convergence effect of digital inclusive finance in narrowing the urban-rural income gap. Therefore, this article puts forward a series of policy suggestions such as accelerating the construction of digital infrastructure, innovating financial development models, intensifying opening up, and improving the rural financial system in order to achieve the coordinated and sustainable development of urban and rural income.
Research on Smart Home Based on MQTT

Aiming at the problems of complex equipment unbinding, poor universality and poor user experience in traditional smart home system, this paper designs a real-time control system of smart home based on MQTT. The system consists of client, WIFI module and cloud server. ESP8266 wireless WIFI module is used to push messages through MQTT protocol. One-click unbinding function is added to realize convenient management, real-time control and uploading of status information. The system has the characteristics of low cost, high speed, stable communication and simple operation. At the same time, it is convenient to expand the system. It can meet the needs of smart home control.
Implementation of Trajectory Comparison of Motion Matching in UE4

Traditional character animation system is usually implemented by state machine. The system divides animation clips into various states and switches states through various operations. With the diversification of operations, the animation states are increasing and the state machine is becoming more and more complex. For the fluency of animation, it often needs a large number of animation clips and a variety of trivial excessive animation, which is difficult to maintain. Motion Matching is a new animation system, which abandons the complicated state switching and maintains high fluency and robustness. This paper summarizes the working mode of motion matching, and introduces a scheme of trajectory comparison in UE4.
An Efficient Iterative Algorithm for a Quaternion Matrix Equation with I-conjugate of Unknown Matrix

We in this paper discuss the numerical method for a quaternion matrix equation with i-conjugate of unknown matrix. An iterative algorithm is proposed which can determine the solvability of the equation automatically. A solution can be obtained through the algorithm in finite iteration steps, when the equation is solvable. A numerical example illustrates the proposed algorithm is quite effective.
Application of Power Information System Demand Survey Method Based on Improved NRD

Asset management system is an important part of electric power enterprise informatization, so its role in the development process of enterprise integrated management is also different neglect. At the same time, as an important supporting platform for enterprise full life cycle management, it can be found that the definition requirements of traditional NRD have a strong room for improvement in the process of investigation. Therefore, in this paper, the research background and relevant ideas are summarized first, and then the application research of relevant demand methods is completed.
Reimagining data responsibility: 10 new approaches toward a culture of trust in re-using data to address critical public needs

Abstract Data and data science offer tremendous potential to address some of our most intractable public problems (including the Covid-19 pandemic). At the same time, recent years have shown some of the risks of existing and emerging technologies. An updated framework is required to balance potential and risk, and to ensure that data is used responsibly. Data responsibility is not itself a new concept. However, amid a rapidly changing technology landscape, it has become increasingly clear that the concept may need updating, in order to keep up with new trends such as big data, open data, the Internet of things, and artificial intelligence, and machine learning. This paper seeks to outline 10 approaches and innovations for data responsibility in the 21st century. The 10 emerging concepts we have identified include: End-to-end data responsibility Decision provenance Professionalizing data stewardship From data science to question science Contextual consent Responsibility by design Data asymmetries and data collaboratives Personally identifiable inference Group privacy Data assemblies Each of these is described at greater length in the paper, and illustrated with examples from around the world. Put together, they add up to a framework or outline for policy makers, scholars, and activists who seek to harness the potential of data to solve complex social problems and advance the public good. Needless to say, the 10 approaches outlined here represent just a start. We envision this paper more as an exercise in agenda-setting than a comprehensive survey.
Validity and utility of Hierarchical Taxonomy of Psychopathology (HiTOP): II. Externalizing superspectrum

The Hierarchical Taxonomy of Psychopathology (HiTOP) is an empirical effort to address limitations of traditional mental disorder diagnoses. These include arbitrary boundaries between disorder and normality, disorder co‐occurrence in the modal case, heterogeneity of presentation within disorders, and instability of diagnosis within patients. This paper reviews the evidence on the validity and utility of the disinhibited externalizing and antagonistic externalizing spectra of HiTOP, which together constitute a broad externalizing superspectrum. These spectra are composed of elements subsumed within a variety of mental disorders described in recent DSM nosologies, including most notably substance use disorders and “Cluster B” personality disorders. The externalizing superspectrum ranges from normative levels of impulse control and self‐assertion, to maladaptive disinhibition and antagonism, to extensive polysubstance involvement and personality psychopathology. A rich literature supports the validity of the externalizing superspectrum, and the disinhibited and antagonistic spectra. This evidence encompasses common genetic influences, environmental risk factors, childhood antecedents, cognitive abnormalities, neural alterations, and treatment response. The structure of these validators mirrors the structure of the phenotypic externalizing superspectrum, with some correlates more specific to disinhibited or antagonistic spectra, and others relevant to the entire externalizing superspectrum, underlining the hierarchical structure of the domain. Compared with traditional diagnostic categories, the externalizing superspectrum conceptualization shows improved utility, reliability, explanatory capacity, and clinical applicability. The externalizing superspectrum is one aspect of the general approach to psychopathology offered by HiTOP and can make diagnostic classification more useful in both research and the clinic.