Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The role of unilateral spatial neglect in rehabilitation of right brain-damaged ischemic stroke patients: a matched comparison.

OBJECTIVE To assess the specific influence of unilateral spatial neglect (USN) on rehabilitation outcome. DESIGN A case-control study in consecutive stroke inpatients. SETTING Rehabilitation hospital. PATIENTS One hundred seventy-eight patients with sequelae of first stroke, enrolled in homogeneous subgroups, matched for age (within 1yr) and onset admission interval (within 3d), and difference because of the presence of USN, evaluated by a specific neuropsychologic battery. INTERVENTIONS All patients received physical rehabilitation: physiotherapy for 60 minutes twice a day (once on Saturday), 6 days a week, within 24 hours of admission. USN-positive (USN(+)) patients received specific treatment of 5, 1-hour sessions per week, for 8 consecutive weeks: (1) visual scanning, (2) reading and copying, (3) copying of line drawings on a dot matrix, and (4) describing a scene. Patients were assessed with neurologic (Canadian Neurological Scale), neuropsychiatric (Hamilton Depression Rating Scale), neuroradiologic, and functional (Barthel Index, Rivermead Mobility Index [RMI]) examinations. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Length of stay, efficiency (average daily increase in Barthel Index), effectiveness (amount of potential improvement achieved during rehabilitation) of treatment and percentage of low- and high-response patients calculated on the Barthel Index and the RMI, and percentage of urinary incontinence and return home were evaluated. Odds ratios (ORs) of dropouts and of low and high therapeutic response were also quantified. RESULTS Compared with USN-negative patients, USN(+) patients had significantly more severe baseline neurologic and functional status at admission, less effectiveness and efficiency on activities of daily living (ADLs) and mobility, a higher percentage of low responders, longer hospitalization, a higher percentage of persistent incontinence at discharge (20.5% vs 4.9%), and a lower percentage of high responders and patients returning home. The presence of USN was incompatible with a high therapeutic response, for both ADLs (OR= 2.94, 95% confidence interval [CI]= 1.05-8.20; b +/- standard error = 1.08 +/- .52, p< .05), and mobility (OR = 7.16, 95% CI = 2.78-18.44; b = 1.97 +/- .52, p < .001) and was a relevant prognostic factor for institutional discharge (OR = 5.62, 95% CI = 1.63-19.38; b = 1.73 +/-.63, p < .01, accuracy 88.41%). CONCLUSIONS The results of this study provide further strong evidence of the relationship between USN and disability in right brain-damaged patients and of its unfavorable impact on rehabilitation, despite the cognitive training performed by all USN(+) patients.
The Purpose and Limits of Social Health Insurance

This contribution seeks to answer two related questions. First, what is the purpose of social health insurance? Or put in slightly different terms, what are the reasons for social (or public) health insurance to exist, even to dominate private health insurance in most developed countries? And second, what are the limits of social health insurance? Can one say that there is "too much" social health insurance in the following two senses: Should the balance be shifted towards the private alternative? And is the degree of coverage excessive?
Patterning of the hyoid cartilage depends upon signals arising from the ventral foregut endoderm

Hyoid bone is a part of the visceral skeleton which arises from both Hox‐expressing (Hox+) and Hox‐nonexpressing (Hox‐) cephalic neural crest cells. In a previous work, we have demonstrated that the Hox‐ neural crest domain behaves as a naïve entity to which the ventral foregut endoderm confers patterning cues to specify the shape and orientation of the nasal and mandibular skeleton. By using ablation and grafting approaches, we have extended our study to the formation of the hyoid bone and tested the patterning ability of more caudal levels of the lateroventral foregut endoderm in the chick embryo at the early neurula stage. In this study, endodermal stripes have first been delineated according to the projection of mid‐ and posterior rhombencephalic structures. The extirpation of endodermal transverse stripes along the anteroposterior axis selectively hampers the formation of the ceratobranchials and epibranchials. Thus defined, the patterning ability of the endodermal stripes was further explored in their medial and lateral parts. When homotopically engrafted on the migration pathway of cephalic neural crest cells, ventromedial zones of endoderm lead to the formation of supernumerary basihyal and basibranchial, while lateral zones generate additional cartilaginous pieces recognizable as ceratobranchial and epibranchial. Taken together, our data demonstrate that, early in development, the ventral foregut endoderm exerts a regionalized patterning activity on the cephalic neural crest to build up the primary facial and visceral skeleton in jaws and neck and enable a map of the endodermal skeletogenic areas to be drawn. This map reveals that a cryptic metamerization of the anterior foregut endoderm precedes the formation of the branchial arches. Developmental Dynamics 228:239–246, 2003. © 2003 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
A novel dual-band hexagonal patch antenna coupled with complementary split ring resonator

In this paper, a novel dual-band hexagonal patch antenna coupled with complementary split ring resonator (CSRR) is proposed and analyzed. The complementary split ring resonator is etched at ground plane (underneath the hexagonal patch). It is observed from the simulation that the first band corresponds to CSRR while second band due to hexagonal patch. The proposed antenna exhibits -10 dB bandwidth of 154 MHz from 3.203 GHz-3.357 GHz and bandwidth of 180 MHz from 5.140 GHz-5.320 GHz for first and second band respectively. The average gain at the two bands is 6.70 dB and 5.42 dB.
Biological Synopsis of the Solitary Tunicate Ciona intestinalis

iv RÉSUMÉ . v 1.0 INTRODUCTION. 1 1.1. NAME AND CLASSIFICATION.1 1.2. GENERAL DESCRIPTION.2 2.0 DISTRIBUTION. 3 2.1. NATIVE DISTRIBUTION AND ABUNDANCE.3 2.2. NON-NATIVE DISTRIBUTION (EXCLUDING CANADA). 4 2.3. DISTRIBUTION IN CANADA . 5 3.0 BIOLOGY AND NATURAL HISTORY. 7 3.1. BODY STRUCTURE.7 3.2. FEEDING AND RESPIRATION. 9 3.3. REPRODUCTION AND DEVELOPMENT . 13 3.4. LIFE CYCLE: GROWTH, GENERATION TIME AND LONGEV ITY.20 3.5. HABITAT AND ENVIRONMENTAL TOLERANCES.22 3.6. ECOLOGY AND POPULATION DYNAMICS . 25 3.7. DISEASES AND PARASITES.30 4.0 HUMAN USES. 31 5.0 POTENTIAL VECTORS FOR INTRODUCTION . 32 6.0 IMPACTS ASSOCIATED WITH INTRODUCTIONS. 34 6.1. IMPACTS ON THE ENVIRONMENT . 34 6.2. IMPACTS ON OTHER SPECIES.35 6.3. IMPACTS ON INDUSTRY . 37 6.4. CONTROL METHODS . 39 6.5. IMPACT SUMMARY.41 7.0 CONSERVATION STATUS . 41 8.0 SUMMARY . 41 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS . 42 LITERATURE CITED . 43 Appendix 1. 55
Discovering students use of learning resources with educational data mining

Educational data is in abundance due the nature of education in the 21st century where a significant amount of education occurs online through the advent of digital learning. There is an increase in the use of Learning Management Systems (LMS) to provide education without boundaries, and these systems hold large amounts of data. Educational data mining is the process of tapping into this rich educational data with the aim of improving the education process through the knowledge that is obtained from the mining process. This paper aims to apply the association rule to a postgraduate course dataset that has been extracted from Moodle LMS. This can lead to actionable decisions which can be used to improve the process of teaching and learning. The results show that students mostly access the resources available to them last minute before the exam and have a tendency to procrastinate online submissions.
The bypass queue in fast packet switching

The telecommunications networks of the future are likely to be packet switched networks consisting of wide bandwidth optical fiber transmission media, and large, highly parallel, self-routing switches. Recent considerations of switch architectures have focused on internally nonblocking networks with packet buffering at the switch outputs. These have optimal throughput and delay performance. The author considers a switch architecture consisting of parallel plans of low-speed internally blocking switch networks, in conjunction with input and output buffering. This architecture is desirable from the viewpoint of modularity and hardware cost, especially for large switches. Although this architecture is suboptimal, the throughput shortfall may be overcome by adding extra switch planes. A form of input queuing called bypass queuing can improve the throughput of the switch and thereby reduce the number of switch planes required. An input port controller is described which distributes packets to all switch planes according to the bypass policy, while preserving packet order for virtual circuits. Some simulation results for switch throughput are presented. >
Design of voltage reference with low sensitivity to process, supply voltage and temperature variations

A CMOS process-insensitive voltage reference generator, which is based on the weighted sum of thermal voltage and difference of threshold voltages, is presented. The voltage reference circuit uses high VTH and regular VTH transistors and produces reference level of 422mV. The proposed technique is analyzed theoretically and its results are compared with other methods. The circuit is designed and simulated in standard 180nm mixed mode CMOS technology for low-cost low-power applications. The circuit operates at minimum supply voltage of 1V with maximum drawn current of 577nA only. A temperature coefficient of 36ppm/°C is achieved with line sensitivity of 0.01%/V. The proposed reference generator exhibits PSRR of -60.34 dB and -37.09 dB at 100Hz and 1MHz, respectively.
A case of acute necrotising eosinophilic myocarditis with an associated raised myoplasma serology: an incidental finding or a causal association?

Hong Kong has isolated two novel Eggerthella species, E. hongkongensis sp. nov. and E. sinensis sp. nov. These authors found their strains to be susceptible to metronidazole. This case has been instructive. It is likely that the Gram positive bacillus isolated from the peritoneal swab was also E. lenta, although this could not be confirmed. The importance of identifying organisms isolated from a sterile site such as blood or from an abdominal surgical specimen is reinforced by this case. A finding of a Gram positive bacillus in the context of abdominal sepsis should prompt further clinical and laboratory investigation. This case also clearly demonstrates the utility of 16S rRNA gene sequencing as an extension of traditional phenotypic methods. Its use here enabled the identification of a newly described clinicopathological correlation which might otherwise have been missed.
Redefining Addiction I. Making Addiction a Scientifically and Socially Useful Concept

Addiction is both a more complex-and a more common-phenomenon than either medical personnel or laymen have realized. It is impossible to link addiction as a medical syndrome to any one drug or family of drugs, or to trace it to a specific biological mechanism. As scientists have uncovered more data leading to these conclusions, they have turned away from employing the term “addiction. ” Yet many drug researchers and workers in the helping professions continue to make incorrect assumptions about both addiction and drug use. In this paper the author attempts to broaden the applicability of the addiction concept in order to give it meaning. With this broader approach, we find that many involvements that people become engaged in follow the pattern of addiction, while some involvements with supposedly addictive drugs do not follow this pattern. The addiction cycle is explored by means of the following psychological definition: An addiction is any compulsive activity or involvement which decreases a person's ability to deal with other aspects of his life to the point where that activity or involvement comprises the dominant source of emotional reinforcement and identity for the person.
Human TEN1 Maintains Telomere Integrity and Functions in Genome-wide Replication Restart*

Background: Although CTC1-STN1-TEN1 (CST) is considered a specialized replication factor, TEN1 is largely uncharacterized. Results: Like CTC1 and STN1, TEN1 is needed for telomere replication and genome-wide replication rescue; however, TEN1 depletion causes more severe phenotypes. Conclusion: TEN1 likely functions with CTC1 and STN1 in most contexts, but TEN1 may have additional roles. Significance: TEN1/CST help solve a diverse array of replication problems. TEN1 is a component of the mammalian CTC1-STN1-TEN1 complex. CTC1 and/or STN1 functions in telomere duplex replication, C-strand fill-in, and genome-wide restart of replication following fork stalling. Here we examine the role of human TEN1 and ask whether it also functions as a specialized replication factor. TEN1 depletion causes an increase in multitelomere fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH) signals similar to that observed after CTC1 or STN1 depletion. However, TEN1 depletion also results in increased telomere loss. This loss is not accompanied by increased telomere deprotection, recombination, or T-circle release. Thus, it appears that both the multiple telomere signals and telomere loss stem from problems in telomere duplex replication. TEN1 depletion can also affect telomere length, but whether telomeres lengthen or shorten is cell line-dependent. Like CTC1 and STN1, TEN1 is needed for G-overhang processing. Depletion of TEN1 does not effect overhang elongation in mid-S phase, but it delays overhang shortening in late S/G2. These results indicate a role for TEN1 in C-strand fill-in but do not support a direct role in telomerase regulation. Finally, TEN1 depletion causes a decrease in genome-wide replication restart following fork stalling similar to that observed after STN1 depletion. However, anaphase bridge formation is more severe than with CTC1 or STN1 depletion. Our findings indicate that TEN1 likely functions in conjunction with CTC1 and STN1 at the telomere and elsewhere in the genome. They also raise the possibility that TEN1 has additional roles and indicate that TEN1/CTC1-STN1-TEN1 helps solve a wide range of challenges to the replication machinery.
Tolerability and suitability of brief group mindfulness-oriented interventions in psychiatric inpatients: a pilot study

Abstract Objective: Mindfulness-oriented therapies have a positive impact on patients' overall well-being and alleviate many psychiatric conditions. However, little is known about their use in people with severe mental illness. We aimed to identify which clinical and sociodemographic factors are associated with suitability/tolerability of a brief group mindfulness-oriented therapy. Methods: This retrospective study examines pre-/post-data from 40 psychiatric inpatients who underwent one session of a 10-min mindfulness-oriented group intervention between January and March 2014. The main outcome was ‘suitability for and tolerating the brief mindfulness-oriented group intervention’. We assessed potential correlates of the main outcome, including female gender, shorter hospitalisation, the absence of psychosis and good pre-morbid functioning. Results: The intervention was well tolerated (92.5%) and 50% of patients met both of our relatively stringent suitability and tolerability criteria. Sociodemographic and clinical variables were not associated with suitability/tolerability. Tai chi was the most suitable/tolerable compared to body scan and mindful eating (76.5% vs. 35.7% vs. 22.2%, Fisher's exact p = 0.01, Bonferroni p < 0.05). Conclusions: Brief group mindfulness therapy interventions are very well tolerated and often suitable for acutely hospitalised psychiatric inpatients, including those with acute psychosis. Mindfulness-oriented intervention with an active component (e.g., tai chi, mindful walking) may potentially be best suited for this population.
Phosphatidylinositol specific phospholipase C of plant stems : membrane associated activity concentrated in plasma membranes.

A phosphatidylinositol-specific phospholipase C of plant stems (EC 3.1.4.10) assayed at pH 6.6 and at 30 degrees C cleaved phosphatidylinositol such that more than 85% of the product was inositol-1-phosphate. Other phospholipids were cleaved 5 to 10% or less under these conditions. The phospholipase had both a soluble and a membrane-associated form. The soluble activity accounted for approximately 85 to 90% of the activity and 15% was associated with membranes. The membrane-associated activity was most concentrated in the plasma membranes of hypocotyl segments of both soybean (Glycine max) and bushbean (Phaseolus vulgaris). The plasma membrane location was verified by analysis of highly purified plasma membranes prepared both by aqueous two-phase partitioning and by preparative free-flow electrophoresis and from the quantitation of the activity in all major cell fractions. Internal membranes also contained phospholipase C activity but at specific activity levels of about 0.1 those present in plasma membranes. Golgi apparatus-enriched fractions from which plasma membrane contaminants were removed by two-phase partition contained the activity at specific activity levels 0.2 those of plasma membrane. Both the soluble and the membrane-associated activity was stimulated by calcium but not by calmodulin, either alone or in the presence of calcium.
Using an institutional repository to address local-scale needs: a case study at Purdue University

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to address the practical implications of using an institutional repository to address researchers' needs at a local‐scale.Design/methodology/approach – The paper reports on the process and results of a collaborative research project undertaken by the libraries and an interdisciplinary research center at Purdue University to identify and address the real‐world needs of the center using the libraries' institutional repository.Findings – The paper finds that the local‐scale projects that address the more immediate needs of researchers have the potential to increase the utility of institutional repositories and attract the submission of new content. However, engagement in local‐scale projects requires a significant commitment of time and resources, and should not be undertaken lightly.Practical implications – A thorough description of how the project was carried out offers a potential model for others to develop similar projects to address local‐scale needs.Originality/v.
Use of gadoxetate disodium for functional MRI based on its unique molecular mechanism

Gadolinium ethoxybenzyl dimeglumine (gadoxetate) is a recently developed hepatocyte-specific MRI contrast medium. Gadoxetate demonstrates unique pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic properties, because its uptake in hepatocytes occurs via the organic anion transporting polypeptide (OATP) transporter expressed at the sinusoidal membrane, and its biliary excretion via the multidrug resistance-associated proteins (MRPs) at the canalicular membrane. Based on these characteristics, gadoxetate-enhanced MRI can provide functional information on hepatobiliary diseases, including liver function estimation, biliary drainage evaluation and characterization of hepatocarcinogenesis. In addition, understanding its mode of action can provide an opportunity to use gadoxetate for cellular and molecular imaging. Radiologists and imaging scientists should be familiar with the basic mechanism of gadoxetate and OATP/MRP transporters.
Adenovirus early region 4 encodes functions required for efficient DNA replication, late gene expression, and host cell shutoff

To delineate the function of adenovirus early region 4 (E4) gene products, we constructed a set of mutant viruses which carry defined lesions within this coding region. Deletion and insertion mutations within six of seven known E4 coding regions had no measurable effect on virus growth in cultured cells. A variant carrying a deletion within the last coding region (encoding a 34,000-molecular-weight polypeptide) was modestly defective, and a mutant lacking the majority of the E4 region was severely defective for growth. The phenotypes of the two defective mutants are similar and complex. Both display perturbations in DNA replication, translation of the E2A mRNA, accumulation of late viral mRNAs, and host cell shutoff.
Prediction of melatonin efficacy by pretreatment dim light melatonin onset in children with idiopathic chronic sleep onset insomnia

Research has shown efficacy of melatonin treatment to advance sleep–wake rhythms in insomnia. In healthy adults, direction and magnitude of the phase shift depends on the timing of administration relative to the phase position of the circadian system. Therefore, in the present study we investigated whether in children with chronic sleep onset insomnia (SOI) efficacy of melatonin treatment in the early evening could be predicted from dim light melatonin onset (DLMO), a phase marker of the circadian system. We combined data of two previously published double blind, randomized, placebo‐controlled trials in 110 participants, aged 6–12 years. Sleep was actigraphically estimated, and saliva collected, at baseline and in the third week of a 4‐week treatment period with 5 mg melatonin or placebo at 18:00 or 19:00 hours. Primary outcome measures were pre‐ to post‐treatment changes in dim light melatonin onset (ΔDLMO), sleep onset (ΔSO), sleep latency (ΔSL), and total sleep duration (ΔTSD). Melatonin advanced DLMO with +1:12 h (P < 0.001), SO with +0:42 h (P = 0.004), SL decreased with 25 min (P = 0.019), and TSD did not change significantly, as compared with placebo. In the melatonin‐treated group, but not in the placebo‐treated group, pretreatment DLMO was significantly related to ΔDLMO [F(1, 29) = 7.28, P = 0.012] and ΔSO [F(1, 25) = 7.72, P = 0.010]. The time interval between treatment administration and pretreatment DLMO (INT) was only significantly related to ΔSO [F(1,26) = 5.40, P = 0.028]. The results suggest that in children with SOI, the efficacy of early evening melatonin to advance sleep onset and endogenous melatonin onset increases the later the pretreatment DLMO is.
Notch, a Universal Arbiter of Cell Fate Decisions

Members of the Notch family of receptors act as membrane-tethered transcription factors that are tightly associated with binary cell fate decisions. Notch signaling acts as a molecular gate that allows cells to adopt or forfeit a particular fate. Interaction of Notch with ligands triggers a sequence of proteolytic cleavages that release the intracellular domain to the nucleus; this mechanism is a target of therapies for leukemias associated with Notch activation. Although the molecular mechanism of Notch activation is well characterized, further analysis in an appropriate cellular context will provide new insight into Notch signaling.