Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
ACTAS DEL XII CONGRESO INTERNACIONAL DE INTERACCIÓN PERSONA-ORDENADOR (INTERACCIÓN 2011) EDITORES

The interpretation of user facial expressions is a very useful method for emotional sensing and constitutes an indispensable part of affective HCI designs. This paper proposes an effective system for continuous facial affect recognition from videos. The system operates in a continuous 2D emotional space, characterized by evaluation and activation factors, enabling a wide range of intermediary affective states to be worked with. It makes use, for each video frame, of a classification method able to output the exact location (2D point coordinates) of the still facial image in that space. It also exploits the Kalman filtering technique to control the 2D point movement along the affective space over time and to improve the robustness of the method by predicting its future locations in cases of temporal facial occlusions or inaccurate tracking. The system has been tuned with an extensive universal database and preliminary evaluation results are very encouraging.
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Demographic Diversity of Food Intake and Prevalence of Kidney Stone Diseases in Indian Continent

Food intake plays a pivotal role of human growth, which necessarily contributes 45% of global economy and wellbeing in general. Consumption of balanced food is elementary for overall good health while a shift of equilibrium can lead to malnutrition, prenatal death, obesity, osteoporosis and bone fractures, coronary heart diseases (CHD), idiopathic hypercalciuria, diabetes and many more. Though CHD, osteoporosis, malnutrition, obesity are being classified thoroughly in the literature, there are fragmented findings in the regime of kidney stone diseases (KSD) and the correlation with food intake therein. KSD associated with hematuria and renal failure poses an increasing threat to the healthcare and global economy while its emergence of Indian populations is being affected with multi-factorial urological disorder resulting from several factors. In this realm, epidemiological, biochemical, macroeconomic situations been portrayed when food intake is also a paramount importance which rarely been forecasted. Hence, in this article we will be reviewing the corollary connotation with diverse food consumption and the efficacy it plays in KSD extrapolating in Indian context.
Beta diversity and nature reserve system design a case study from the Yukon, Canada

Design of protected areas has focused on setting targets for representation of biodiversity, but often these targets do not include prescriptions as to how large protected areas should be or where they should be located. Principles of island biogeography theory have been applied with some success, but they have limitations. The so-called SLOSS (single large or several small reserves) debate hinged on applications of island biogeography theory to protected areas but was resolved only to the point that parties agreed there might be different approaches in different situations. Although proponents on both sides of the SLOSS debate generally agree that replicating protected areas is desirable, it is difficult to determine how to replicate reserves in terms of number and spatial arrangement. More important, many targets for representation often do not address issues of species persistence. Here, we used a geographic information system in a study of disturbancesensitive mammals of the Yukon Territory, Canada, to design a protected-areas network that maintains a historical assemblage of species goals for component ecoregions. We simultaneously determined patterns of diversity as Whittaker’s beta and compositional turnover and examined how these two measures can give further insights into reserve location and spatial arrangement. Both regional heterogeneity and compositional turnover between nonadjacent sites were significant predictors of the number of protected areas necessary to represent mammals within each ecoregion. Thus, protected-area planners can use diversity measures to identify number and spacing of protected areas within ecologically bounded regions.
A theoretical model of vertical intra-industry trade driven by technological differences across countries

Vertical intra-industry trade (VIIT), i.e. trade in products that are differentiated by their quality, accounts for a very large share of total trade between similar countries. So far, the theoretical literature has identified one main determinant of this kind of trade, namely the difference in relative factor endowments across countries. This explanation of VIIT, which was primarily developed by Falvey (1981), is based on the assumption that the production of higher-quality goods requires a higher quantity of capital per unit of labour. This approach seems inconsistent with a twofold empirical evidence: VIIT is very high between countries characterized by similar factor endowments and VIIT is observed even at a very disaggregated level of statistical classifications, that is to say even within goods which have very similar factor intensities. The purpose of this paper is to explain trade in goods of different quality that are produced with the same factor intensity at any relative factor price, i.e. trade in “perfectly intra-industry goods”, according to Davis (1995). Therefore, we extend the definition of “perfectly intra-industry goods” to the case of vertically differentiated products, but differently from Davis (1995), we model explicitly the demand side of the economy, in order to define goods as intra-industry and vertically differentiated from both a production and a consumption point of view. With regard to production, we assume that in all countries the production of one unit of the higher-quality good requires more capital and more labour than one unit of the lower-quality good, and we allow for Hicks-neutral differences in technology across countries. With regard to consumption, we introduce heterogeneous preferences concerning quality across the individuals, but we assume that all consumers will demand only the high-quality good if its price relative to the low-quality is equal or lower than one. In this framework, we show that VIIT arises between countries characterized by similar factor endowments, and that it is driven by (even small) technological differences across countries, whereas inter-industry trade is driven by great differences in factor endowments and / or in technology across countries.
How to win friendship and trust by influencing people’s feelings: An investigation of interpersonal affect regulation and the quality of relationships

Research suggests that people deliberately try to improve others’ feelings in a variety of social contexts. However, little is known about whether and how interpersonal affect regulation influences the quality of people’s relationships. Two applied social network studies investigated the relational effects of interpersonal affect regulation. In Study 1 attempts to improve others’ affect among grocery store employees were associated with both regulatory targets’ and agents’ perceptions of friendship and trust. In Study 2 we replicated this finding among staff and prisoners in a high-security prison. Additionally, we showed that these associations were mediated by positive changes to regulatory targets’ and agents’ affect. The results provide insights into the social consequences of interpersonal affect regulation and help to elucidate the factors influencing the formation and maintenance of high-quality relationships.
Measuring and Developing Customer Satisfaction with the Balanced Critical Factor Index Method

This short analysis presents perspective and a holistic method for approaching and measuring customer satisfaction. The Balanced Critical Factor Index (BCFI) method is a measurement tool to indicate which attribute of a business process is critical and which is not, based on the experience and expectations of the company’s employees, customers or business partners. This paper focuses on to detect and define critical business processes and factors, which have influence to effective co-operation and customer satisfaction. The use of a questionnaire is one of the most efficient approaches to gather the required information. Due to the fact that each process has its own attributes and the questionnaires cannot be standardized, but the information from the phase is essential and could be measured. In this study case company’s all gathered information will be analyzed and furthermore the BCFI measurement tools will be applied. The original research has been testified that, with the above-mentioned method (BCFI) customer’s experience of the ”gap” between expected and received service can be easily resolved. Using this BCFI method it is also possible to find easier so called “weak” customer satisfaction indicators, which are not directly obvious. Companies have crucial to take the right decisions upon the areas of business interest. To have it done, the company should have able to made decisions with the right amount of customers needs. The correct allocation and fast adaption of customer’s needs with the right amount of standards is a key to competitive advantage. This paper shows use of this BCFI method and how it could help companies to define there’s customer’s needs and required development target area more specifically.
Avoiding Social Risk in Adolescence

Adolescence is a period of life often characterized by behaviors that, prima facie, are irrational, such as seemingly excessive risk taking and impulsivity. However, these behaviors can be interpreted as adaptive and rational if one considers that a key developmental goal of this period of life is to mature into an independent adult in the context of a social world that is unstable and changing. It is proposed that for adolescents, the social risk of being rejected by peers outweighs other potentially negative outcomes of decisions, such as threats to one’s health or the prospect of getting caught. Furthermore, peer influence in adolescence can lead to prosocial as well as antisocial behaviors. Neurocognitive mechanisms of peer influence include the social reward of being accepted by one’s peer group, arousal, and increased mentalizing, which is associated with development of the social brain network. The findings from cognitive neuroscience and developmental psychology studies fit with recent public health evidence that the opinions of peers are particularly important to adolescents in areas such as school antibullying and antismoking campaigns.
The synthesis, chain-packing simulation and long-term gas permeability of highly selective spirobifluorene-based polymers of intrinsic microporosity

Membranes composed of Polymers of Intrinsic Microporosity (SBF-PIMs) have potential for commercial gas separation. Here we report a combined simulation and experimental study to investigate the effect on polymer microporosity and gas permeability by placing simple substituents such as methyl, t-butyl and fused benzo groups onto PIMs derived from spirobifluorene (PIM-SBFs). It is shown that methyl or t-butyl substituents both cause a large increase in gas permeabilities with four methyl groups enhancing the concentration of ultramicropores ( 1.0 nm). Long-term ageing studies (>3.5 years) demonstrate the potential of PIM-SBFs as high-performance membrane materials for gas separations. In particular, the data for the PIM derived from tetramethyl substituted SBF reaches the proposed 2015 Robeson upper bound for O2/N2 and, hence, hold promise for the oxygen or nitrogen enrichment of air. Mixed gas permeation measurements for CO2/CH4 of the aged PIM-SBFs also demonstrate their potential for natural gas or biogas upgrading.
Twilight and Philosophy: Vampires, Vegetarians, and the Pursuit of Immortality

ACKNOWLEDGMENTS: Supernatural Humans We Can't Live Without. Introduction: Undead Wisdom. PART ONE TWILIGHT. 1 You Look Good Enough to Eat: Love, Madness, and the Food Analogy (George A. Dunn). 2 Dying to Eat: The Vegetarian Ethics of Twilight (Jean Kazez). 3 Can a Vampire Be a Person? (Nicolas Michaud). 4 Carlisle: More Compassionate Than a Speeding Bullet? (Andrew Terjesen and Jenny Terjesen). PART TWO NEW MOON. 5 Vampire-Dammerung: What Can Twilight Tell Us about God? (Peter S. Fosl and Eli Fosl). 6 To Bite or Not to Bite: Twilight , Immortality, and the Meaning of Life (Brendan Shea). 7 Mind Reading and Morality: The Moral Hazards of Being Edward (Eric Silverman). 8 Love and Authority among Wolves (Sara Worley). PART THREE ECLIPSE. 9 Bella Swan and Sarah Palin: All the Old Myths Are Not True (Naomi Zack). 10 Vampire Love: The Second Sex Negotiates the Twenty-first Century (Bonnie Mann). 11 Edward Cullen and Bella Swan: Byronic and Feminist Heroes . or Not (Abigail E. Myers). 12 Undead Patriarchy and the Possibility of Love (Leah McClimans and J. Jeremy Wisnewski). 13 The "Real" Danger: Fact vs. Fiction for the Girl Audience (Rebecca Housel). PART FOUR BREAKING DAWN. 14 Twilight of an Idol: Our Fatal Attraction to Vampires (Jennifer L. McMahon). 15 Bella's Vampire Semiotics (Dennis Knepp). 16 Space, Time, and Vampire Ontology (Philip Puszczalowski). 17 For the Strength of Bella? Meyer, Vampires, and Mormonism (Marc E. Shaw). 18 The Tao of Jacob (Rebecca Housel). CONTRIBUTORS: Ladies and Gentlemen, Introducing the Stars of Our Show, Humans, Vampires, and Shape-Shifters Alike. INDEX: For Those Who Can't Read Minds.
A new approach to ozone plant fumigation: the Web-O3-Fumigation. Isoprene response to a gradient of ozone stress in leaves of Quercus pubescens

Abstract: The innovative Web-O3-Fumigation (WOF) is a suitable technique to study O3 effects in plants. Through WOF, a very high dose of O3 fumigation may be obtained at the level of selected leaves, while allowing a gradient of ozone stress in branches at different distance from branch directly fumigated with O3 diffusing from perforated Teflon tubes. We used WOF to study the impact of O3 on the emission of isoprene, a putatively powerful antioxidant, in leaves of Quercus pubescens. In our experiment we produced with WOF: i) approximately 300 ppb O3 on the leaves of the branch directly exposed to the pollutant; ii) approximately 190 ppb on the leaves of the branches distant less than 30 cm from the treated branch; iii) a summer ambient O3 concentration (100 ppb) on the leaves of the branches distant more than 30 cm from the branch directly fumigated. High O3 concentrations induced a long-lasting inhibition of photosynthesis and isoprene emission in leaves which were directly fumigated. However, isoprene emission was stimulated by intermediate O3 concentration 288 hours after the end of the treatment. Isoprene stimulation, and the activation of the related antioxidant mechanism, may therefore be dependent on the O3 concentration and may be different in plant canopies depending on their exposure to the pollutant.
Regulating Privatized Rail Transport

Traditionally, transport regulation has been viewed as an exercise in second-best optimization, acknowledging the existence of huge information problems. Then the rail industry was deeply restructured worldwide to halt erosion of the sector's share of transportation markets. Restructuring took different forms in different countries, ranging from simple reorganization measures to extreme restructuring -with the private sector increasingly participating in the sector and with the provision of infrastructure separated from the provision of services. The authors argue that regulation of the rail industry cannot remain unaffected by these changes. New regulatory scenarios and issues have emerged. For example, contracts have to be defined for private participation and quality surveillance instruments must be defined. Traditional price controls have to be adapted to, and mechanisms designed to manage and plan infrastructure investments in, the new environment. Restructuring has brought new problems, too. Where licenses have been used, for example, several concessionaires have been unable to meet the objectives spelled out in the concession contract. Contracts should be flexible enough to take account of novel situations that may affect company performance. And yet, for the system to be credible, there cannot be systematic, unjustified deviations from the franchise objectives. Regulation of the sector should be simple and flexible, with license contracts designed to include the private sector and with industry organization adapted to local circumstances. Regulation should be governed by principles that foster competition and market mechanisms, wherever possible. At the same time, it should provide a stable legal and institutional framework for economic activity. Otherwise, regulators should refrain from intervening in the market-unless the goal of economic efficiency (subject to the socially demanded level of equity) is in jeopardy.
FEASIBILITY INVESTIGATION ON SINGLE PHOTON LIDAR BASED WATER SURFACE MAPPING

Abstract. The recent advent of single photon sensitive airborne LiDAR (Light Detection And Ranging) sensors has enabled higher areal coverage performance at the price of an increased outlier rate and a lower ranging accuracy compared to conventional Multi-Photon LiDAR. Single Photon LiDAR, in particular, uses green laser light capable of penetrating clear shallow water. Although primarily designed for large area topographic mapping, the technique can also be used for mapping the water surface and shallow water bathymetry. In this contribution we investigate the capability of Single Photon LiDAR for large area mapping of water surface heights. While interface returns from conventional green-only bathymetric sensors generally suffer from water level underestimation due to the water penetration capabilities of green laser radiation, the specific questions are, if Single Photon LiDAR (i) is less affected by this well known effect due to the high receiver sensitivity and (ii) consequently delivers a higher number of water surface echoes. The topic is addressed empirically in a case study by comparing the water surface responses of Single Photon LiDAR (Navarra, Spain) and Multi-Photon Topo-Bathymetric LiDAR (Neubacher Au, Austria) for selected water bodies with a horizontal water surface (reservoirs, ponds). Although flown at different altitudes, both datasets are well comparable as they exhibit the same strip point density of ca. 14 points/m2. The expected superiority of Single Photon LiDAR over conventional green-only bathymetric LiDAR for mapping water surfaces could not be verified in this investigation. While both datasets show good agreement compared to a reference water level when aggregating points into cells of 10 × 10 m2 (mean deviations < 5 cm), higher resolution Single Photon LiDAR based water surface models (grid size 1–5 m) show a systematic water level underestimation of 5–20 cm. However, independently measured ground truth observations and simultaneous data acquisition of the same area with both techniques are necessary to verify the results.
Measurement of stratospheric and mesospheric winds with a submillimeter wave limb sounder: results from JEM/SMILES and simulation study for SMILES-2

Satellite missions for measuring winds in the troposphere and thermosphere will be launched in a near future. There is no plan to observe winds in the altitude range between 30-90 km, though middle atmospheric winds are recognized as an essential parameter in various atmospheric research areas. Sub-millimetre limb sounders have the capability to fill this altitude gap. In this paper, we summarize the wind retrievals obtained from the Japanese Superconducting Submillimeter Wave Limb Emission Sounder (SMILES) which operated from the International Space Station between September 2009 and April 2010. The results illustrate the potential of such instruments to measure winds. They also show the need of improving the wind representation in the models in the Tropics, and globally in the mesosphere. A wind measurement sensitivity study has been conducted for its successor, SMILES-2, which is being studied in Japan. If it is realized, sub-millimeter and terahertz molecular lines suitable to determine line-of-sight winds will be measured. It is shown that with the current instrument definition, line-of-sight winds can be observed from 20 km up to more than 160 km. Winds can be retrieved with a precision better than 5 ms-1 and a vertical resolution of 2-3 km between 35-90 km. Above 90 km, the precision is better than 10 ms-1 with a vertical resolution of 3-5 km. Measurements can be performed day and night with a similar sensitivity. Requirements on observation parameters such as the antenna size, the satellite altitude are discussed. An alternative setting for the spectral bands is examined. The new setting is compatible with the general scientific objectives of the mission and the instrument design. It allows to improve the wind measurement sensitivity between 35 to 90 km by a factor 2. It is also shown that retrievals can be performed with a vertical resolution of 1 km and a precision of 5-10 ms-1 between 50 and 90 km.
A Shape Context Based Car Detection with Hypothesis Pruning

In this paper, a car detection methodology using shape context (SC) feature is described. The approach is adopted from a study for human detection using a generic object detection algorithm[1]. In this first part we adjusted the parameters of the introduced method in order to work with car objects. Then using the SC features each training image is assigned with several hypothesis areas. In addition, we implemented and experimented with a hypothesis verification scheme which pruns then unifies the hypothesis using emprical values as threshold for pruning and oveplap ratio for merging. After the car detection phase is over model and manufacturer recognition task is studied. In particular, a method where morphological operation to detect the location of the logo was experimented. Also a dataset of clean images for supervised object recognition is provided with 750 multi-view car images. Keywords-component; car detection, shape context, top-down object recognition.
Eye movements of beginning and more skilled readers

The present study aimed to analyze and compare the eye movements of beginning (2 nd grade) and more skilled (4 th grade) readers, during reading words and pseudo-words aloud, that differ in frequency (just for words), regularity and length. In this way, one intends to analyze the process of visual information extraction, by both groups, and detect experience and practice-related changes in the ocular behavior. The eye movements of 34 children were monitored, while these were reading words/pseudo-words lists, and this was accomplished using eye-tracking technology. The results show statistically significant differences between the two groups, in mean and total fixations duration for high-frequency words, in mean fixation duration for regular words and in the mean saccade amplitude in irregular pseudo-words. However, no significant differences were found between the groups on the study of the other variables. Nevertheless, the results suggest that skilled readers tend to show more effective eye movements, what determined a lesser effect of words’ frequency, regularity and length on this group. Moreover, the pseudo-words processing was more difficult than that of words, in both groups.