Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Preparation , Characterization and in vitro Evaluation of Tosufloxacin Tosylate and Hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin Inclusion Complex

Tosufloxacin tosylate (TFLX) is a fluoroquinolone antibacterial agent developed in Japan. The first clinical study of TFLX was reported in 1986[1], and it was commercially available in 1990[2] (fig. 1a). Compared to traditional quinolone antibiotics such as ofloxacin and ciprofloxacin, TFLX possessed strong antiinflammatory and a broader spectrum of antibacterial activity[2]. TFLX has been reported to be effective against Grampositive, Gram-negative, and anaerobic bacteria, as well as chlamydia and mycoplasma[3]. In the past twenty years, TFLX has been approved for the treatment of respiratory infections, gastrointestinal infections, urinary tract infections, hepatobiliary infections, chlamydia trachomatis, infectious diseases in the field of plastic surgery, typhoid fever, paratyphoid fever and sepsis, meningitis, endocarditis[4,5].
June 2018 WP 1807 Well-being Inequality in the Long Run

This paper provides a long-run view of well-being inequality at world scale based on a new historical dataset. Trends in social dimensions alter the view on inequality derived from per capita GDP. While in terms of income, inequality increased until the third quarter of the twentieth century; in terms of well-being, inequality fell steadily since World War I. The spread of mass primary education and the health transitions were its main drivers. The gap between the West and the Rest explains only partially the evolution of wellbeing inequality, as the dispersion within the developing regions has increasingly determined its evolution.
On the xed parameter complexity of graph enumeration problems de nable in monadic second-order logic

We discuss the parametrized complexity of counting and evaluation problems on graphs where the range of counting is de nable in monadic second-order logic (MSOL). We show that for bounded tree-width these problems are solvable in polynomial time. The same holds for bounded clique width in the cases, where the decomposition, which establishes the bound on the clique-width, can be computed in polynomial time and for problems expressible by monadic second-order formulas without edge set quanti cation. Such quanti cations are allowed in the case of graphs with bounded tree-width. As applications we discuss in detail how this a ects the parametrized complexity of the permanent and the hamiltonian of a matrix, and more generally, various generating functions of MSOL de nable graph properties. Finally, our results are also applicable to SAT and ]SAT . 2001 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.
Aspect Based Opinion Prediction Using Divisive Analysis for the User Recommendation System

Social media is a vastly developing technology in the system environment on the internet and this knowledge assistance was useful for many organizations, people or company to make correct decisions about the products, things, and the recently released movie. Opinion mining is used to track the emotions of the public about a specific product and which is one kind of natural language processing or otherwise called as sentiment analysis. But, in case of large reviews about the product, the particular feedback prediction was the major drawbacks. To make a valuable decision about the manufactured product based on the proposed technique of Coherence-based Aspect Opinion Pairs Detection (CAOPD) framework. Initially, preprocessing the input dataset to remove the stop words and extract the relevant keywords (i.e noun, adverb, verb, an adjective based words). By using the Map Reduce (MR) methodology to perform parallel operations with reduce the size of the input data and speed up the system. Then, using the Divisive Analysis (DIANA) method based Nearest-Neighbor Clustering (NNC) algorithm to evaluate the distance and similarity between the extracted keywords and make clusters. This analysis is otherwise called a top-down approach and thus formed a set of active clusters and make the decision between the aspect and opinion of the customer reviews. To split individual reviews (i. e paragraph into the sentence) and applying Part of Speech (PoS) tagging method to extract the aspect and its opinions. Then, finding the coherence range between the aspect opinion pairs based on the Coherence-based Aspect Opinion calculation process. In this work, the fuel and engine recommendation also implemented for suggesting the best fuels and engines used in the machinery. Finally, estimate the relativity of the user review of the similar opinion and aspects word. Therefore, the proposed CAOPD method is compared with the various techniques such as CFACTS-R, FIFS, K-means (TF), K-means (PMI), DF-LDA, L-EM, and the PSM in terms of entropy, purity, precision, recall, accuracy, efficiency. Therefore, the proposed CAOPD system achieves greater performance than the other techniques.
FIRE HISTORY OF AN OLD-GROWTH PONDEROSA PINE STAND IN THE SHEEP RANGE, DESERT NATIONAL WILDLIFE REFUGE, NEVADA, USA

ABSTRACT Southwestern ponderosa pine forests have experienced reduced fire frequency since Euro-American settlement generally because of successful fire suppression policies. We report here on the fire history of a ponderosa pine stand located in the Sheep Range, which is part of the Desert National Wildlife Refuge, in the Mojave Desert. A total of 22 dominant, fire-scarred ponderosa pines were sampled by taking 29 partial cross-sections and 18 wood increment cores. Maximum age of ponderosa pines at the study area exceeded 800 years, and sampled trees were often older than 500 years, so that the site tree-ring chronology covered 522 years (1490–2011). Crossdating revealed both extreme sensitivity and highly synchronous patterns, with the expressed population signal (EPS) exceeding 0.9 in 30-year moving windows throughout the length of the chronology. Fire statistics were calculated for the 1565–2011 period, during which at least 10 of the crossdated trees had been scarred and were recording fire. During the recorder period, there were 16 fires that met the two-tree minimum threshold, yielding a mean fire interval (MFI) of 25 years, a median fire interval (MedFI) of 15 years, and a Weibull median probability interval (WMPI) of 18 years; the point mean fire interval (PMFI) was 69 years. The longest fire-free intervals since 1565 occurred in the past two centuries, with 70 years (1862–1931) followed by another 80 years (1933–2012). The stand-wide 1932 fire is the last event recorded by the sampled trees. Overall there was reduced fire frequency from the late 19th Century to present compared to the previous three centuries. Because there is no record of active fire management in the study area, this finding is consistent with similar results obtained in two remote mountains of the Great Basin Desert, and points to a need for greater spatial coverage in fire history information, even for species that have been actively studied in other environments.
Magnetic fluid-based photonic crystal fiber for temperature sensing

Abstract. A temperature-sensor is presented based on the solid core photonic crystal fiber (PCF) infiltrated with the magnetic fluid (MF) in all or some parts of the cladding air holes with the help of the syringe injection technique. The 8.5-cm length of the proposed PCF sensor is used. A Mach–Zehnder interferometer modal is used for the detection process. The applied temperature is given in a range from 25.6°C to 100.1°C. The calculated outcome justifies that a very clear interference spectrum is obtained between the change of the refractive index of the MF and the temperature. From the experimental outputs, the temperature sensitivity of the intended PCF is −0.38 nm / ° C, and at high temperature, it achieves 0.176 nm / ° C. The MF has great sensitivity at high temperature. This proposed sensing system may find potential applications in medical science and industry.
When the fear of dentist is relevant for more than one’s oral health. A structural equation model of dental fear, self-esteem, oral-health-related well-being, and general well-being

Purpose To develop and test a complex model that captures the individuals’ general well-being and the specific oral-health-related well-being. We were specifically interested, as a specific research question, if self-esteem, dental fear, and the oral health-related well-being are credible predictors for the general well-being. Patients and methods A one-time associative research design measured dental-specific anxiety, self-esteem, oral-health-related specific well-being, and general well-being in 281 participants, 3rd and 6th year dental students (MAge =22.59 years, SDAge =3.13; 55% females), which completed a battery of relevant questionnaires: the Dental Fear Survey, the Rosenberg Self-Image Scale, the short form of Oral Health Impact Profile, and the Flourishing Scale. The data were subject to structural equation modeling in order to validate potential pathways of influence hypothesized based on previous evidence from the literature. Results We developed and tested a complex structural equations model, in which dental fear influences both the specific oral-health-related well-being and the persons’ self-esteem. In turn, self-esteem mediates the influence pathways between dental fear and oral-health-specific well-being, on the one hand, and the overall well-being, on the other hand. Conclusion Our research contributes directly to strengthening the theoretical basis for future interdisciplinary research, by providing, first, a tested and replicable model that surpasses the simple correlation or prediction, and second, empirical evidence for the significant mutual interdependence between psychological experiences, eg, self-esteem, and the two main aspects of well-being, ie, specific and general. From a practical, clinical viewpoint, our research provides further insights and justification for the importance of educating the patient, on all levels, from the individual clinical practice to community programs and public oral health policies, with respect to the importance of oral health.
NAO robot for cooperative rehabilitation training

Introduction The aim of this research is to develop a robot-assistive training approach for the disabled individuals with impaired upper limb functions. People with impaired upper limb function can regain their motor functionality undergoing intense rehabilitation exercises. With increasing number of disabled individuals, we face deficiency in the number of expert therapists. One promising remedy could be the use of robotic assistive devices. Method To instruct and demonstrate rehabilitation exercise, this research used NAO robot. A library of recommended rehabilitation exercises involving shoulder (i.e., abduction/adduction, vertical flexion/extension, and internal/external rotation), and elbow (i.e., flexion/extension) joint movements was formed in Choregraphe (graphical programming interface). For this purpose, a kinematic model of human upper-extremity was developed based on modified Denavit-Hartenberg notations. Result In experiments, NAO robot gave voice instruction and was maneuvered to cooperate and demonstrate the exercises from the library. NAO also plays some complex game with the subject that represents a multi-joint movement's exercise, which was also included in the library. Conclusions Experimental results with healthy participants reveal that the NAO robot can successfully instruct and demonstrate upper-extremity rehabilitation exercises for single and multi-joint movements. It implies a technical development of cooperative rehabilitation system for which target group will be individuals with upper limb impairment.
Hepatocellular carcinoma in the post-hepatitis C virus era: Should we change the paradigm?

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a common and deadly malignancy. The disease usually develops on a background of chronic liver disease. Until recently, the most common etiology was infection with the hepatitis C virus (HCV). The advent of direct-acting antiviral (DAA) therapies has been a major breakthrough in HCV treatment. Sustained virologic response can now be achieved in almost all treated patients, even in patients with a high risk for the development of HCC, such as the elderly or those with significant fibrosis. Early reports raised concerns of a high risk for HCC occurrence after DAA therapy both in patients with previous resection of tumors and those without previous tumors. As the World Health Organization’s goals for eradication of HCV are being endorsed worldwide, the elimination of HCV seems feasible. Simultaneous to the decrease in the burden of cirrhosis from HCV, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) incidence has been increasing dramatically including significant increased incidence of cirrhosis and HCC in these patients. Surprisingly, a substantial proportion of patients with NAFLD were shown to develop HCC even in the absence of cirrhosis. Furthermore, HCC treatment and potential complications are known to be influenced by liver steatosis. These changes in etiology and epidemiology of HCC suggest the beginning of a new era: The post–HCV era. Changes may eventually undermine current practices of early detection, surveillance and management of HCC. We focused on the risk of HCC occurrence and recurrence in the post–HCV era, the surveillance needed after DAA therapy and current studies in HCC patients with NAFLD.
Medical record-based ascertainment of behaviors suggestive of opioid misuse, diversion, abuse, and/or addiction among individuals showing evidence of doctor/pharmacy shopping

Objectives Doctor/pharmacy shopping, the practice of seeking prescriptions from multiple healthcare sources without their coordination, may be a measure of prescription medicine abuse. This cross-sectional study examined the relationship between a claims-based doctor/pharmacy shopping definition and medical record documented behaviors suggestive of misuse, diversion, abuse and/or addiction. Methods Patients with ≥2 opioid dispensings starting in 2012 in a US administrative claims database were grouped into doctor/pharmacy shopping categories by number of providers and pharmacies used over 18 months: no shopping, minimal shopping, moderate shopping and severe shopping. Medical charts of opioid prescribers were reviewed to identify behaviors suggestive of misuse, diversion, abuse and/or addiction. Results Among 581,940 opioid users, 78% were classified as no shopping, 11% minimal shopping, 8% moderate shopping and 3% severe shopping. Almost 40% of severe shopping patients had no medical record documented behaviors (positive predictive value: 24.3%). Compared with no shopping, the odds ratio [OR] of ≥3 behaviors was 1.70 (95% confidence interval [CI] 0.50–5.78) for minimal shopping, 1.81 (95% CI 0.54–6.03) for moderate shopping, and 8.93 (95% CI 3.12–25.54) for severe shopping. Conclusions Claims-identified severe doctor/pharmacy shopping was strongly associated with behaviors suggestive of misuse, diversion, abuse and/or addiction, but the proportion of medical records documenting these was low.
Association of apolipoproteins C-I, C-II, C-III and E with coagulation markers and venous thromboembolism risk

Purpose Apolipoproteins C-I, C-II, C-III and E have been associated with risk of arterial thrombotic diseases. We investigated whether these apolipoproteins have prothrombotic properties and are associated with risk of venous thromboembolism (VTE). Patients and methods A total of 127 VTE patients and 299 controls were randomly selected from the Multiple Environmental and Genetic Assessment of Risk Factors for Venous Thrombosis study (1999–2004), in the Netherlands. The apolipoproteins were quantified using mass spectrometry (LC/MS/MS), and their levels were analyzed as continuous variable (per SD increase). Results In controls, increases in levels of apolipoproteins were associated with increases in levels of vitamin K-dependent factors, factor XI, antithrombin and clot lysis time. Additionally, increasing apolipoproteins C-III and E levels were associated with higher factor VIII and von Willebrand factor levels. Levels of C-reactive protein were not associated with any apolipoprotein. The age- and sex-adjusted odds ratios of apolipoproteins E, C-III, CII and CI to the risk of venous thrombosis were 1.21 (95% CI, 0.98–1.49), 1.19 (95% CI, 0.99–1.44), 1.24 (95% CI, 0.95–1.61) and 1.06 (95% CI, 0.87–1.30) per SD increase, respectively. These odds ratios did not attenuate after adjustments for statin use, estrogen use, BMI, alcohol use, and self-reported diabetes. Conclusions Levels of apolipoproteins C-I, C-II, C-III and E are associated with those of several coagulation factors. However, whether these apolipoproteins are also associated with an increased risk of VTE remains to be established.
Relationships Between the Cardio-Ankle Vascular Index and Pulsatility Index of the Common Carotid Artery in Patients With Cardiovascular Risk Factors

Background Pulsatility index (PI) is a hemodynamic parameter determined using Doppler sonography; it reflects the degree of peripheral vascular resistance. Moreover, researchers have reported significant relationships between an increase in the PI of the common carotid artery (CCA) and ischemic stroke. This cross-sectional study aimed to clarify the relationships between cardio-ankle vascular index (CAVI) as a marker of arterial stiffness and the PI of the CCA in patients with cardiovascular risk factors for the primary prevention of ischemic stroke. Methods A total of 405 outpatients undergoing treatment for cardiovascular risk factors (152 men and 253 women; mean age ± standard deviation, 64 ± 9 years) with no history of cardiovascular events, including ischemic stroke, were enrolled. The CAVI and the PI of the CCA were measured using commercial devices, and their relationships to various clinical parameters were examined. Results A significant positive correlation was observed between the CAVI and the PI of the CCA (r = 0.44, P < 0.001). Further, multiple regression analysis revealed that the CAVI (β = 0.19, P < 0.001) was selected as independent factor for PI of the CCA as a subordinate factor. Meanwhile, high-sensitivity C-reactive protein, as an inflammation marker, and skin autofluorescence, as a marker of advanced glycation end products in the tissues, were selected as independent variables for either the CAVI or the PI of the CCA as a subordinate factor. The receiver-operating characteristic curve analysis indicated that the cut-off point of the CAVI for high PI of the CCA (> 1.60) as a risk value of stroke incidence by previous report was 9.1 (area under the curve = 0.750, P < 0.001). Conclusion The present results indicate that the CAVI reflects cerebrovascular resistance in patients with cardiovascular risk factors. Moreover, the risk value of the CAVI for ischemic stroke incidence was considered to be 9.1 in these patients.
Infliximab and biosimilar infliximab in psoriasis: efficacy, loss of efficacy, and adverse events

Abstract Psoriasis is a chronic immune-mediated skin disease affecting multiple systems, and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) plays a significant role in the initiation and progression of the disease process. Psoriasis has a high prevalence rate in the Western world, especially in the USA and Australia; in China, although the prevalence rate is much lower, there is still a large number of patients suffering from psoriasis and its comorbidities. As TNF-α is thought to be crucial in the pathogenesis of psoriasis, specific therapy blocking TNF-α may be beneficial in the treatment of this disease. Infliximab, a murine–human monoclonal antibody, is highly efficacious in the treatment of moderate-to-severe psoriasis, with better skin clearance and faster onset of action than topical medications such as methotrexate, narrow-band ultraviolet B, and calcipotriol. Lack of adherence to infliximab therapy is mainly due to loss of response (LOR) over time and adverse events, particularly because infusion reactions are usually encountered. Anti-infliximab antibody is thought to be responsible for the LOR and infusion reactions. However, the mechanism underlying the formation of anti-infliximab antibody and its side effects remains unclear. Further studies identifying patients at risk for LOR will probably help clinicians to select the right patients for anti-TNF-α therapy and to increase the durability of the treatment. This review discusses the efficacy of infliximab as demonstrated by various clinical trials, LOR to infliximab, combatting LOR, as well as the adverse events usually faced during the use of infliximab therapy and the infliximab biosimilar Remsima®. We hope that we can discover a better way to use infliximab in the therapy of psoriasis from the current research data.
Refractive outcomes after trabecular microbypass stent with cataract extraction in open-angle glaucoma

Purpose To evaluate the impact of trabecular microbypass stents combined with cataract surgery on refractive outcomes in patients with open-angle glaucoma (OAG). Setting Private practice, Sioux Falls, South Dakota, USA. Design Retrospective, comparative case series. Methods Eyes with OAG had implantation of trabecular microbypass stents with concomitant cataract surgery. The unmatched control group comprised eyes that underwent only cataract extraction. Data were collected preoperatively and postoperatively for 6 months. Data included spherical equivalent (SE), astigmatic error, intraocular pressure (IOP), and number of glaucoma medications. Results The series included 76 consecutive OAG eyes with combined cataract plus trabecular microbypass stent and 50 consecutive non-OAG eyes with cataract surgery only. SE outcomes were equivalent between the groups (P<0.001). For the combined and cataract-only groups respectively, 46% vs 52% had SEs within 0.25 D of the target, 80% vs 80% within 0.50 D, and 95% vs 94% within 1.00 D. Astigmatism outcomes did not significantly differ between the groups (P>0.05). As for magnitude of astigmatism in the combined and cataract only groups respectively, 51% vs 32% were within 0.5 D, 75% vs 66% within 1.0 D, 87% vs 82% within 1.5 D, and 89% vs 94% within 2.0 D. In the OAG combined–surgery group, mean intraocular pressure reduction was 3.4 mmHg (P<0.0001) at 1 month postoperatively, 4.0 mmHg (P<0.0001) at 3 months, and 3.4 mmHg (P<0.01) at 6 months. Mean decrease in number of glaucoma medications was 0.4 (P<0.05) at 1 month, 0.7 (p<0.0001) at 3 months, and 0.9 (P<0.001) at 6 months. Conclusion The results of this study suggest the trabecular microbypass stent is a refractively neutral device.
A Nutrigenomics Approach Using RNA Sequencing Technology to Study Nutrient–Gene Interactions in Agricultural Animals

ABSTRACT Thorough understanding of animal gene expression driven by dietary nutrients can be regarded as a bottom line of advanced animal nutrition research. Nutrigenomics (including transcriptomics) studies the effects of dietary nutrients on cellular gene expression and, ultimately, phenotypic changes in living organisms. Transcriptomics can be applied to investigate animal tissue transcriptomes at a defined nutritional state, which can provide a holistic view of intracellular RNA expression. As a novel transcriptomics approach, RNA sequencing (RNA-Seq) technology can monitor all gene expressions simultaneously in response to dietary intervention. The principle and history of RNA-Seq are briefly reviewed, and its 3 principal steps are described in this article. Application of RNA-Seq in different areas of animal nutrition research is summarized. Lastly, the application of RNA-Seq in swine science and nutrition is also reviewed. In short, RNA-Seq holds significant potential to be employed for better understanding the nutrient–gene interactions in agricultural animals.