Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Poliekové poškodenie obličiek s aspektom na nesteroidové antiflogistiká

Poliekove poskodenie obliciek predstavuje casto diskutovaný, napriek tomu v každodennej medicinskej praxi v mnohých pripadoch podceňovaný problem. S nežiaducimi ucinkami lieciv postihujucich oblicky sa stretavaju lekari viacerých specializacii. Doležitosť problemu podciarkuje veľký pocet lieciv s nefrotoxickým potencialom. Nesteroidove antiflogistika patria medzi najcastejsie predpisovane liekove skupiny, veľa pripravkov je dostupných bez lekarskeho predpisu. Lieciva patriace do tejto skupiny sa vyznacuju nezanedbateľným potencialom sposobiť poliekove poskodenie obliciek. Riziko je akcentovane v pripade sucasneho uživania iných lieciv schopných navodiť zhorsenie oblickových funkcii. Pritomnosť dehydratacie a ochorenia postihujuce oblicky ďalej zvysuje pravdepodobnosť poliekoveho poskodenia. Predpoklada sa, že adekvatna informovanosť pacientov a zdravotnickych pracovnikov o riziku a o možných sposoboch jeho zniženia ma potencial významne redukovať výskyt nežiaducich ucinkov. V nasej praci sa snažime poukazať na realne nebezpecenstvo výskytu poliekoveho poskodenia obliciek pocas farmakoterapie s dorazom na nesteroidove antiflogistika. Ucelom je zvýsenie povedomia o doležitosti zohľadnenia renalneho rizika lieciv pri preskripcnom rozhodovani a pri pouceni pacienta pri výdaji voľnopredajných liekov.
3D-CT Mammary Lymphography Can Help Selective Axillary Dissection of Breast Lymph Flow Differed from the Arm

Background: Axillary Nodes (AN) dissection causes many complications such as lymphedema. Three Dimensional Computed Tomographic (3D-CT) Lymphography (LG) can show the precise individual lymphatic flow from the breast tumor to Sentinel Node (SN), and through AN to venous angle, which means breast lymphatic channel. We applied 3DCT LG to distinguish them from the arm channel to avoid any arm complications. Methods: 3D-CT LG used contrast medium injected subcutaneously above the tumor, near the areola and the inner upper arm. CT images were taken 1, 3 and 5 minutes after injection. SN biopsy and AN dissection were performed by dye-method using endoscopy. Results: We performed SN biopsy with 3D-CT LG on 160 patients. 3D-CT LG clearly showed the precise lymphatic flow from the tumor to SN one minute after injection and five axillary node groups into venous angle 5 minutes after injection. Detection rate of SN, the second, the third, and the fifth group was 100%, 88%, 80%, and 30% respectively. The arm lymph flow was distinguished by the connecting ducts between the breast and the arm channel, observed 39% and 71% in the fourth and the fifth group. Five patients (3.1%) had the common SN from the breast and the arm channel, and suffered arm lymphedema only after SN biopsy. We dissected AN from the breast by endoscopic surgery on the SN-positive patients. Conclusions: 3D-CT LG can helps us easily to distinguish between the breast and the arm channel by finding the connecting ducts.
Development & In Vitro Evaluation of Gastroretentive Mucoadhesive Microspheres of Amoxicillin Trihydrate

Amoxicillin trihydrate mucoadhesive microspheres containing polyox WSR N 303 as mucoadhesive polymer and ethyl cellulose and HPMC K4M as carrier polymer were prepared by emulsion-solvent evaporation technique and optimized by 3 2 factorial designs with drug-topolymer-to-polymer ratio and stirring speed as processing parameters. Formulation containing different ratio of Polyox WSR N 303: EC: methocel K4M have been studied for the swelling index, in vitro mucoadhesion, drug content, and t50%, which could result in more available therapy. The mucoadhesive microspheres of the best batch with ratio of 1:1:0.5 and 1500 stirring speed exhibited a high % in vitro mucoadhesion, 88.56 % drug entrapment efficiency and mean particles size of 113.05 μm. The in vitro release study indicates that the mucoadhesive microspheres of amoxicillin trihydrate could sustain the release of the drug for more than 12 hrs. The results of stability studies for all the formulations reveal that the optimized formulations have satisfactory stability.
Growth of Unsteady Wave Groups by Shear Flows

A weakly nonlinear theory has been proposed and developed for calculating the energytransfer rate to individual waves in a group. It is shown what portion of total energytransfer rate, over the envelope of wave group, affects individual waves in the group. From this an expression for complex phase speed of individual waves is calculated. It is deduced that each wave in a group does not grow at the same rate. It is shown that the critical layer is no longer symmetrical compared with the ideal monochromatic waves. This asymmetry causes the critical layer height to be lower over the downwind part. Therefore the positive growth of the individual waves on the upwind part of the wave group exceeds the negative growth on the downwind part (which would not be true if zc, where the mean flow U is equal to the speed of the wave propagation, was the same over the whole group). This leads to the critical layer group effect producing a net horizontal force on the waves, in addition to the sheltering effect. Computational simulations over a non-growing wave group is also presented, which confirms the above postulation made by Sajjadi, Hunt and Drullion (2014) (SHD).
HAVING EXPLICIT-IMPLICIT EVALUATION DISCREPANCIES TRIGGERS RACE-BASED MOTIVATED REASONING

This work examined whether people with divergent explicit and implicit evaluations of African Americans exhibit motivated and biased judgments that could have negative repercussions for members of that group. Specifically, we proposed that participants with relatively more positive explicit evaluations and relatively more negative implicit evaluations of African Americans (i.e., greater explicit-implicit evaluative discrepancies) would engage in motivated reasoning, producing bias against group members. In Study 1, explicit-implicit evaluative discrepancies predicted setting higher standards for competence in domains where Whites are expected to excel and establishing lower standards for competence in domains where African Americans are expected to excel. In Study 2, larger explicit-implicit evaluative discrepancies predicted greater biased assimilation and attitude polarization when an African American (vs. a White) author presented a counterattitudinal message. Thus, having inconsistent explicit and imp.
Water Sorption, Desorption and Transport in Nafion Membranes

Water sorption, desorption, and permeation in and through Nafion 112, 115, 1110 and 1123 membranes were measured as functions of temperature between 30 and 90 ◦ C. Water permeation increased with temperature. Water permeation from liquid water increased with the water activity difference across the membrane. Water permeation from humidified gas into dry nitrogen went through a maximum with the water activity difference across the membrane. These results suggested that the membrane was less swollen in the presence of water vapor and that a thin skin formed on the dry side of the membrane that reduced permeability to water. Permeation was only weakly dependent on membrane thickness; results indicated that interfacial mass transport at the membrane/gas interface was the limiting resistance. The diffusivity of water in Nafion deduced from water sorption into a dry Nafion film was almost two orders of magnitude slower than the diffusivity determined from permeation experiments. The rate of water sorption did not scale with the membrane thickness as predicted by a Fickian diffusion analysis. The results indicated that water sorption was limited by the rate of swelling of the Nafion. Water desorption from a water saturated film was an order of magnitude faster than water sorption. Water desorption appeared to be limited by the rate of interfacial transport across the membrane/gas interface. The analysis of water permeation and sorption data identifies different regimes of water transport and sorption in Nafion membranes corresponding to diffusion through the membrane, interfacial transport across the membrane–gas interface and swelling of the polymer to accommodate water. © 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
A curve number approach to formulate hydrological response unitswithin distributed hydrological modelling

Abstract. We propose a systematic framework for delineating Hydrological Response Units (HRUs), based on a modified Curve Number (CN) approach. The CN-value accounts for three major physiographic characteristics of a river basin, by means of classes of soil permeability, land use/land cover characteristics, and drainage capacity. A semi-automatic procedure in a GIS environment allows producing basin maps of distributed CN-values as the product of the three classified layers. The map of CN-values is used in the context of model parameterization, in order to identify the essential number and spatial extent of HRUs and, consequently, the number of control variables of the calibration problem. The new approach aims at reducing the subjectivity introduced by the definition of HRUs, and simultaneously at providing parsimonious modelling schemes. In particular, the CN-based parameterization (1) allows the user to assign as many parameters as can be supported by the available hydrological information, (2) associates the model parameters with anticipated basin responses, as quantified in terms of CN classes across HRUs, and (3) reduces the effort for model calibration, simultaneously ensuring good predictive capacity. The advantages of the proposed framework are demonstrated in the hydrological simulation of Nedontas river basin, Greece, in which parameterizations of different complexities are employed in a recently improved version of the HYDROGEIOS modelling framework.
Peter Swann’s Key Role in the Past, Present and Future of Dynamic In-situ TEM

The breadth of vision combined with meticulous attention to detail which characterized Peter Swann’s contributions to electron microscopy can be detected in his PhD work on stacking faults. He studied the influence of stacking fault energy on the dislocation arrangements and plasticity in deformed copper alloys, becoming acutely aware that the standard stereo-viewing cartridge with a single-axis of tilt of only about 4 0 was woefully inadequate for systematic diffraction contrast imaging. Nevertheless one aspect of a broader vision was realized when his measurements of stacking fault energy in Hume Rothery alloys [1] showed that this depended mostly on the valence electron density. Not content with this bridge between mechanical and electronic properties, Peter boldly suggested that stacking faults could provide a link to chemistry through their role in the critical problem of stress corrosion cracking (SCC). The motivation to develop and imaginatively deploy instrumentation ranging from goniometers to full-blown microscopy systems for in-situ chemistry was therefore in place.
Review on Adsorption of Heavy Metal in Wastewater by Using Geopolymer

Rapid development of advanced technology in Malaysia gave impact increasing in the accumulation of heavy metal every day in our daily life through wastewater. Long term exposure of human bodies to heavy metals susceptible to receives various infections and diseases. From an environmental and economic perspective, adsorption is acceptable process that can be applied in wastewater treatment. However, usage of activated carbon most acknowledged and costly adsorbents lead people to find an alternative to activated carbon. Several studies of physical properties of geopolymer make them gain attention to replace an activated carbon in the treatment of heavy metal. This paper review adsorption of heavy metal by using geopolymer.
Exchangeability of 3 D Interaction Techniques

Supporting different 3D interaction techniques (ITs) plays an important role for the run-time flexibility of a Virtual Environment (VE) application. While many VE systems provide means for exchanging interaction devices that provide rather similar input data, exchanging fairly different interaction devices and thus exchanging rather different ITs has previously received little attention. This position paper deals with the term exchangeability of 3D ITs. A brief definition for exchangeability is given. A case study highlights the requirements and challenges for a flexible exchange of 3D ITs.
Stoichiometric analysis of ammonium nitrate and ammonium perchlorate with nanosecond laser induced breakdown spectroscopy

We present our results on the stoichiometric analysis of ammonium nitrate (AN) and ammonium Perchlorate (AP) studied using laser induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) with nanosecond pulses. The LIBS spectra collected for AP and AN, without any gating and using a high resolution spectrometer, exhibited characteristic lines corresponding to O, N, H, C, and K. The Oxygen line at 777.38 nm and three Nitrogen lines (N1, N2, N3) at 742.54 nm, 744.64 nm, 747.12 nm were used for evaluating the Oxygen/Nitrogen ratios. The intensities were calculated using area under the peaks and normalized to their respective transition probabilities and statistical weights. The O/N1 ratios estimated from the LIBS spectra were ~4.94 and ~5.11 for AP and O/N3 ratios were ~1.64 and ~1.47 for AN obtained from two independent measurements. The intensity ratios show good agreement with the actual stoichiometric ratios - four for AP and one for AN.
Intelligent Speech Synthesis as Part of an Integrated Speech Synthesis / Automatic Speech Recognition System

INTRODUCTION We are concerned with speech synthesis as an integral part of an interactive database inquiry system. Several of the chapters in this book deal with such systems (e.g. Morel, Ch. 24; Waterworth, Ch. 25; Proctor & Young, Ch. 29; Ostler, Ch. 31; Carbonell & Pierre, Ch. 32). Our approach differs from most current synthesis methods in that it permits input both from text and from concepts, and contains within it intelligent elements. Database inquiry systems usually have an automatic speech recognition input, some intelligent access to the database, and a speech synthesis output. A typical system including its human user is shown in Figure 22-1. In most systems the top level intelligent section outputs text which is then turned into speech using synthesis. Text, however, fails to encode much of the semantic information which might assist in producing a more natural output and allowing a more convincing interaction with the human user. Particularly in the prosodics many deficiencies could be overcome if what is discarded in basing the synthesis on text were retained. This is especially true in subtle areas of communication, such as mood and attitude (Hunt, Ch. 21).
Modularity , product variety , production volume , and component sourcing : theorizing beyond generic prescriptions

Research in operations management suggests that firms can mitigate the negative impact of product variety on operational performance by deliberately pursuing modularity in the design of product family architectures. However, modularity is not a dichotomous property of a product, as different types of modularity can be embedded into a product family architecture. The present paper explores how manufacturing characteristics affect the appropriate type of modularity to be embedded into the product family architecture, and how the types of modularity relate to component sourcing. The study is based on a qualitative research design involving a multiple case study methodology to examine six product families belonging to six European companies. The themes derived through case analyses are synthesized in the form of empirical generalizations. Insights from these empirical generalizations are subsequently developed into two propositions explaining why and under what conditions these empirical generalizations might hold for a product family outside of the original sample. The theoretical results formalize, first of all, a type of modularity (i.e. combinatorial modularity) not currently described in literature. Second, the theoretical propositions suggest that when the desired level of product variety is low (high) relative to total production volume, component swapping modularity (combinatorial modularity) helps to maximize operational performance. Finally, the complexity of component families outsourced to suppliers and the geographical proximity of component family suppliers affect the extent to which the product variety–operational performance trade-off can be mitigated through modularity. © 2002 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.
Discriminative Learning of Relevant Percepts for a Bayesian Autonomous Driver Model

Models of the human driving behavior are essential for the rapid prototyping of assistance systems. Based on psychological studies, various percepts and measures have been proposed for the lateral and longitudinal control in driver models without demonstrating the generalizability of results to natural settings. In this paper, we present the learning of a probabilistic driver model. It represents and mimics the lateral and longitudinal human driving behavior on virtual highways by performing situation-adequate lane-following, car-following, and lane changing behavior. Because there is considerable uncertainty about the relevant percepts in natural driving behavior, we select hypothetically relevant percepts from the variety of possibilities based on their statistical relevance. This is a new approach to generate hypothesis about the relevant percepts and situation-awareness of drivers in dynamic traffic scenes. The percepts are revealed in a structure-learning procedure using a discriminative scoring criterion based on the Bayesian Information Criterion. Discriminative learning maximizes the conditional likelihood of probabilistic models, whereas the traditional generative learning maximizes the unconditional likelihood. This way, it attempts to find the structure with the best performance for the intended use, which in our application is the best prediction of driving actions given the available percepts.
VISUALIZING THE EVOLUTION OF ALTERNATIVE HIT CHARTS

Due to the rise of the digital music industry, there is a vast amount of musical data available. In this research, we visualize historical audio and meta characteristics, e.g. Facebook likes and geographical artist location, of hit songs in an interactive way. Our dataset is based on alternative hit listings from Billboard spanning a period of 25 years. These visualizations can help musicians and record companies understand the evolution of trends and gain insight in certain musical properties of hits.
Numerically induced high-pass dynamics in large-eddy simulation

The numerical distortion of the smallest resolved-scale dynamics in large-eddy simulation may be understood in terms of the filter that is induced by the spatial discretization. At marginal subfilter resolution r=Δ∕h, with filter width Δ and grid spacing h, the character of the large-eddy closure problem is strongly influenced by the numerical method. We show that additional high-pass contributions arise from the spatial discretization. The relative importance of, on the one hand, the turbulent stresses and, on the other hand, the numerically induced contributions, is quantified for general finite differencing methods. We derive and analyze the induced filters for several popular discretization methods, including higher order central and upwind methods. The application of these induced filters to small-scale turbulent flow structures gives rise to a characteristic amplitude reduction and phase shift. Their dynamic relevance is quantified in terms of the subfilter resolution. The numerical high-pass effect.
Human and Clinical Nutrition A Vegetarian Diet Rich in Soybean Products Compromises Iron Status in Young Students 1 Â « 2

The iron status of young Chinese Buddhist vegetarians (23 men and 32 women) and nonvegetarian students (20 men and 39 women from a medical college) was investigated by dietary assessment of iron intake and hematological measurement of biochemical indices including hemoglobin, plasma iron, transferrin, transferrin saturation and plasma ferritin. A charac teristic of the vegetarian diet in this study was the replacement of meat by soybean products. Results of the dietary assessment showed that the average iron density of the diets ranged from 1.9 to 2.2 mg/MJ, with no difference between the vegetarian and nonvegetarian diets. Daily iron intake was similar in both vegetarian and nonvegetarian men. However, iron intake was sig nificantly higher in female vegetarians than nonvegetarians, averaging 104 and 78% of the RDA, respectively. Results of blood analysis showed that, for both sexes, the median plasma ferritin concentration of the vegetarians (male 47 /ig/L and female 12 /tg/L) was about half the level of the nonvegetarians (male 91 pg/L and female 27 nQ/L). Occurrence and risk of iron defi ciency are more prevalent in vegetarians. Correlation between plasma ferritin concentration and years of vegetarian practice in vegetarian men was marginally significant (r = -0.38, P = 0.077). We conclude that a vegetarian diet that is rich in soybean products and restricted in animal foods is limited in bioavailable iron and is not adequate for maintaining iron balance in men and women. J. Nutr. 125: 212-219, 1995.
NuCypher : A proxy re-encryption network to empower privacy in decentralized systems

NuCypher is a decentralized Key Management System (KMS) that addresses the limitations of using consensus networks to securely store and manipulate private, encrypted data [1]. It provides encryption and cryptographic access control, performed by a decentralized network, leveraging proxy re-encryption [2]. Unlike centralized KMS as a service solutions, it doesn’t require trusting a service provider. NuCypher enables sharing of sensitive data for both decentralized and centralized applications, providing security infrastructure for applications from healthcare to identity management to decentralized content marketplaces. NuCypher will be an essential part of decentralized applications, just as SSL/TLS is an essential part of every secure web application.
An Introduction to Credit Scoring For Small and Medium Size Enterprises

This paper is intended as a quick primer on credit scoring, and how it applies to the assessment of risk of small and medium size enterprises (SME’s). It is part of a larger study on how credit scoring is currently being applied for this purpose, and exploring the possibility of broadening the applicability of the technique to encompass a wider spectrum of SME’s. Thus, the aim has been to provide the reader who wishes to understand what credit scoring is about but doesn’t want to become a specialist, with enough information on credit scoring fundamentals so as to feel comfortable with the subject in terms of its mechanics, scientific foundations, applicability and the practical issues that must be addressed for a successful application. It was deemed important to specifically compare credit scoring with ratings, since they are often confused and erroneously addressed as if they were the same or at least “close relatives”. Essentially, the only thing they have in common, is that both are systematic approaches to appraise the risk of an individual debtor; methodologically however, they are extreme opposites.