Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Effects of nutrition and methoprene treatment upon reproductive diapause in Caloptilia fraxinella (Lepidoptera: Gracillariidae)

Abstract Female Caloptilia fraxinella exhibit a prolonged reproductive diapause immediately post adult emergence in mid‐summer until the next spring when mating, egg development and oviposition on fresh Fraxinus spp. leaflets occur. Factors that effect the termination of reproductive diapause are investigated in this species. Caloptilia fraxinella diapausing adults held in overwintering conditions (2 °C, LD 0 : 24 h) for 24 weeks terminate diapause after placement for 2 weeks in simulated summer conditions (24 °C, LD 16 : 8 h) only if they are provided with 10% sugar water. Exogenous application of the Juvenile Hormone (JH) analogue methoprene to moths in both early‐ (summer) and mid‐ (autumn) reproductive diapause demonstrates that JH affects diapause termination but a carbohydrate nutrition source also mediates mating and vitellogenesis. Mating between moth pairs early in diapause occurs only after treatment with methoprene and provision with sugar water. However, there is no impact of mating on the propensity of females to produce vitellogenic oöcytes. Moths collected in the autumn in mid‐diapause respond in a dose‐dependent fashion to methoprene treatment and the response is greater than that of moths early in diapause collected in the summer. Treatment with methoprene and access to sugar water results in vitellogenic oöcytes in 18.75% of females from mid‐diapause moth pairs treated with 0.01 μg methoprene per insect and in all females from pairs treated at the two highest doses of methoprene (0.1 and 1 μg per insect). Mating occurs only between moths in mid‐diapause treated with the two highest doses of methoprene and these doses induce 91% and 100% mating, respectively. Both control and methoprene‐treated males in mid‐diapause held under summer conditions mate successfully and pass a spermatophore to their methoprene‐treated female partner. These data demonstrate that female C. fraxinella undergo a prolonged reproductive diapause in which termination is dependent on JH and further mediated by a carbohydrate nutrition source. The production of vitellogenic oöcytes is independent of mating. These data also provide evidence that response of moths in diapause to exogenous applications of methoprene differs throughout the diapause period and between male and female C. fraxinella.
Seedling Growth and Storage Characteristics of Seeder and Resprouter Species of Mediterranean-type Ecosystems of S. W. Australia

Comparaison des strategies de reponse au feu pour 17 familles de Dicotyledones appartenant a l'ecosysteme du sud-ouest Australien. Etude du stockage de l'amidon, du point de vue concentration et localisation dans les differents tissus, afin d'etablir une correlation avec le mecanisme d'adaptation de chaque espece
Effects of Oleoresin Rosemary, Tertiary butylhydroquinone, and Sodium tripolyphosphate on the Development of Oxidative Rancidity in Restructured Chicken Nuggets

Effects of antioxidants on stability of lipids in restructured chicken nuggets were investigated. Lipid oxidation during refrigerated and frozen storage was monitored by a modified thiobarbituric acid (TBA) test, sensory evaluation and chromatographic analysis. TBA-reactive substances (TBARS) values and sensory scores demonstrated that STPP/ OR was comparable to STPP/TBHQ in protecting refrigerated and frozen chicken nuggets. STPP or OR alone was less effective than OR/STPP combinations in both studies. STPP/OR and STPP/TBHQ also effectively retarded oxidative degradation of polyunsaturated fatty acids in chicken nuggets during frozen storage. No apparent beneficial effects on oxidative stability of the chicken nuggets were observed by adding OR to the frying oil.
Identification and characterization of a siderophore regulatory gene (pfrA) of Pseudomonas putida WCS358: homology to the alginate regulatory gene aigQ of Pseudomonas aeruginosa

Genes encoding biosynthesis of pseudobactin 358 (a microbial iron transport agent) and its cognate outer membrane receptor protein. PupA, are transcribed only under iron limitation in plant growth‐promoting Pseudomonas putida WCS358. Two cosmid clones were identified from a gene bank of WCS358 DNA which could independently and in an iron‐dependent manner activate transcription from a WCS358 siderophore gene promoter in heterologous Pseudomonas strain A225. The functional region of one of the clones was localized by subcloning, transposon Tn3Gus mutagenesis, and DNA sequencing. Genomic transposon insertion mutants in the functional region lost the capacity to activate a siderophore gene promoter fusion transcriptionally; furthermore, these mutants no longer produced pseudobactin 358. The activating region consisted of a single gene designated pfrA (Pseudomonasferric regulator). The pfrA gene codes for a single polypeptide, PfrA, of approximately 18kDa, which has 58% identity to AlgQ (also known as AlgR2), a positive regulator involved in transcriptionally regulating alginate biosynthesis in Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Cross‐complementation studies between the pfrA gene of P. putida and the algQ gene of P. aeruginosa revealed that pfrA can restore mucoidy (alginate production) in an algQ mutant and that algQ could poorly complement a pfrA genomic mutant. It is concluded that PfrA is involved in the positive regulation of siderophore biosynthetic genes in response to iron limitation; furthermore, pfrA and algQ appeared to be interchangeable between P. putida and P. aeruginosa.
The Cassidininae Hansen, 1905 (Crustacea: Isopoda: Sphaeromatidae) of Australia

The Cassidininae of Australia are revised. The status of the subfamily is assessed and it is concluded that, as presently constituted, the Cassidininae is an artificial taxon. It is maintained here as a taxon of convenience (sensu lato) until the other sphaeromatid subfamilies can be reassessed, but a new diagnosis (sensu stricto) is given. The genus Cassidina is redescribed. Three new genera are established: Agostodina gen. nov. (type species: A. munta sp. nov.), Apemosphaera gen. nov. (type species: A. naranagi sp. nov.) and Discidina gen. nov. (type species: D. banawarra sp. nov.). New diagnoses are provided for the genera Cassidina Milne Edwards, Chitonopsis Whitelegge, Cassidinidea Hansen, Paracassidina Baker, Syncassidina Baker and Platysphaera Holdich and Harrison. The genus Dies is placed in synonymy with Cassidinidea and an annotated list is given of all species of the genus. The following new species (excluding the new type species) are described: Chitonopsis booyoolie, Agostodina munta, Paracas.
Disjunct eastern hemlock (Tsuga canadensis) stands at its southern range boundary1

Abstract Hart, J. L. and D. Shankman (Department of Geography, University of Alabama, Box 870322, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487). Disjunct eastern hemlock (Tsuga canadensis) stands at its southern range boundary. J. Torrey Bot. Soc. 132: 602–612. 2005. —Eastern hemlock (Tsuga canadensis) occurs throughout much of the Appalachian Mountains, extending from southern Quebec and Ontario southward to Georgia and along the Appalachian Plateau to Alabama. Eastern hemlock is one of the most dominant trees in Appalachian forests. Near its southern boundary in central Alabama, eastern hemlock occurs in small, isolated populations restricted to cool, moist slopes with north to east aspects and low and middle slope positions. Ten stands of eastern hemlock, believed to be the southernmost populations, were studied in order to determine reproductive viability and habitat characteristics. In each of the stands, eastern hemlock dominates the canopy and is present in a wide range of size and age classes. Eastern hemlock is most abundant in seedling size classes and the number of individuals generally decreases with increasing size. Population size, age, and vertical structure indicate that eastern hemlock stands at the species' southernmost boundary contain viable populations that are regenerating, even if highly localized. During the late Pleistocene and early Holocene, eastern hemlock likely had a broader distribution in the southern Appalachian Mountains. The remnants of this larger distribution are now restricted to steep slopes where a combination of sandstone outcrops, seepage, and springs maintain adequate microclimatic conditions needed for regeneration of the species.
Impact of global warming on the tree species composition of boreal forests in Finland and effects on emissions of isoprenoids

This study aims to identify how climate change may influence total emissions of monoterpene and isoprene from boreal forest canopies. The whole of Finland is assumed to experience an annual mean temperature (T) increase of 4 °C and a precipitation increase of 10% by the year 2100. This will increase forest resources throughout the country. At the same time, the proportions of Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris) and Norway spruce (Picea abies) in southern Finland (60°≤ latitude < 65°N) will be reduced from the current 40–50% to less than 10–20%, with increased dominance of birches (Betula pendula and Betula pubescens). In northern Finland (65°≤ latitude < 70°N), the proportions of Norway spruce and Scots pine will be balanced at a level of about 40% as the result of an increase in Norway spruce from the current 21% to 37% and a concurrent reduction in Scots pine from 63% to 40%. The proportion of birches is predicted to increase from the current 17% to 23%, but these will become the dominant species only on the most fertile sites.
A Taql polymorphism in the human interleukin‐1β (IL‐1β) gene correlates with IL‐1β secretion in vitro

Abstract. In the present study we searched for restriction fragment length polymorphisms (RFLP) in the human interleukin‐1β (IL‐lβ) gene and for correlations to monocyte (Mo) function in non‐related healthy donors and insulin‐dependent diabetic patients. We demonstrated a diallelic polymorphism with the restriction enzyme TaqI consisting of fragments of 9.4 kb and 13.4 kb. No differences in allele or genotype frequencies of this RFLP were observed between randomly selected controls and randomly selected patients with insulin‐dependent diabetes mel‐litus (IDDM). However, when analysing IDDM patients negative for HLA‐DR3 and ‐DR4, our data demonstrate that the 13.4 kb allele is more frequent in this group compared to a matched control group. The functional impact of this RFLP was studied by analysing in vitro stimulated Mo IL‐1β response. An IL‐lβ allele dosage effect on secretory capacity was observed after LPS‐stimulation: 13.4/13.4 kb homo‐zygous individuals secreted significantly more IL‐lβ than 9.4/13.4 kb heterozygous individuals, who secreted significantly more than 9.4/9.4 kb homozygous individuals. Analyses of supernatants from LPS‐sti‐mulated Mo cultures from individuals with each Taql IL‐lβ genotype revealed no differences in the mouse thymocyte co‐stimulatory assay when compared on a molar basis, indicating that the Taql polymorphism gave rise only to quantitative differences in expression levels and probably not to a mutant IL‐lβ. We conclude that the 13.4 kb allele represents an IL‐1β‘high‐secretor’ phenotype, that the observed RFLP may be a genetic susceptibility marker for IDDM in non‐DR3 and non‐DR4 individuals and that high IL‐1β secretory capacity may be a pathogenic factor for IDDM in these patients.
Induction of Hypersensitive Cell Death by a Fungal Protein in Cultures of Tobacco Cells

Treatment of suspension-cultured tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum cv. Xanthi) cells (line XD6S) with fungal proteinaceous elicitors, namely, xylanase (EC 3.2.1.8) from Trichoderma viride (TvX) and xylanase from T. reesei (TrX), induced shrinkage of the cytoplasm, condensation of the nucleus, and, finally, cell death, which were accompanied by typical defense responses that included an oxidative burst and expression of defense genes. A Ca2+ channel blocker, Gd3+, inhibited the typical response of XD6S cells to TvX, which resembled the hypersensitive reaction (HR). These results suggested that the influx of Ca2+ ions plays an important role as a secondary signal. The HR was not observed in TvX-treated tobacco cells (line BY-2) derived from cv. Bright Yellow 2. This result suggests that key features of cultivar-specific interaction can be observed in cultures of tobacco cells. Xylanase from Bacillus circulans (BcX) and B. subtilis (BsX), which has enzymatic properties similar to those of TvX but an amino acid sequ.
Papyrus swamps, hypoxia, and faunal diversification: variation among populations of Barbus neumayeri

To test whether patches of papyrus swamp contribute to diversification of populations of non-air-breathing fishes, the gill morphology of Barbus neumayeri was compared between a papyrus swamp and several tributaries which diVered in oxygen regime. Total gill filament length diVered among sites and was negatively related to dissolved oxygen availability, supporting strong selection pressure for low-oxygen tolerance in the swamp interior. Among recaptures of marked B. neumayeri over a 4·5-year period among the focal swamp and connected stream and river sites, 93% of fish were recovered at the site of capture. Some of the individuals that moved crossed physicochemical gradients and traversed long distances within the swamp/stream system. This movement rate would theoretically be suYcient to homogenize gene frequencies among populations. However, randomly amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) markers indicated significant genetic diVerentiation among sites and no relationship between genetic diVerences and geographical distances among sites suggesting habitat-specific selection pressures on dispersers, rather than insuYcient dispersal. 1999 The Fisheries Society of the British Isles
Relevant laboratory findings in patients with sickle cell disease living at high altitude

In an attempt to assess the physiological changes that occur in a patient suffering from the sickle cell disease (SCD) and living permanently at a high altitude, hematological parameters (hemoglobin concentration, RBC count, reticulocyte count, MCH, MCHC, MCV, Hb S, F and A2 levels) and biochemical parameters (serum bilirubin, erythrocyte 2,3-DPG, serum iron, TIBC and haptoglobin levels) were measured in patients with two sickle cell syndromes (homozygous Hb SS and heterozygous Hb S/β°-thalassemia) matched with Hb AA normal controls living at an altitude of 3000m. These parameters were compared with values obtained in similar groups of subjects residing at sea level. Our results confirm that normal controls permanently residing at altitude have higher hemoglobin concentrations and erythrocyte 2,3-DPG levels than do normal counterparts living at sea level. Patients with SCD living permanently at high altitude show a marked increase in 2,3-DPG levels with little or no change in hemoglobin concentration. Normal serum iron and total iron binding capacity (TIBC) levels in our patients exclude iron deficiency as a possible reason for the poor expected erythropoietic response to altitude. We suggest that the marked rise in 2,3-DPG may be an important aid to oxygen delivery to tissues of SCD patients living at high altitude.
Viability of Crustacean Eggs Recovered From Ducks

A wide variety of viable crustacean eggs has been recovered from the lower digestive tract of both domesticated and wild ducks. These have been hatched and raised to maturity. This would appear to be one of the most effective means for the dispersal of many fresh—water Crustacea. See full-text article at JSTOR
Effect of High-Pressure Treatment of Protein on the Rheology of Flocculated Emulsions Containing Protein and Polysaccharide

We report on the effect of high-pressure treatment (up to 7 kbar) on the rheology of concentrated emulsions containing the globular protein, bovine serum albumin (BSA), and the anionic polysaccharide dextran sulfate. Small-deformation rheological properties have been determined for oil-in-water emulsions (40 vol % n-tetradecane, 2.7 wt % BSA, pH 7) containing polysaccharide added after emulsion formation. In the absence of high-pressure treatment, a plot of complex shear modulus G* at 1 Hz and 30 °C against polysaccharide concentration CP shows a maximum in G* at CP ≈ 0.1 wt % which is consistent with bridging flocculation caused by a net attractive electrostatic protein−polysaccharide interaction at the emulsion droplet surface. High-pressure treatment of BSA before emulsification, for 30 min at a pressure in the range of 400−700 MPa, leads to substantial changes in the flocculation and rheological behavior of the emulsion after polysaccharide addition but no discernible change in the emulsion droplet-si.
A New Genus and Species of Corioxenidae (Strepsiptera) from Madagascar, with a Review of the Current Genera

ABSTRACT A new genus of Corioxenidae, Malagasyxenos, is erected for a new species of Strepsiptera, Malagasyxenos gymnostoma n.s. p., from the Majunga provinces of Madagascar. Malagasyxenos is morphologically closest to Floridoxenos, both of which have antennae with seven segments and flabela on segments 3–6. However, Malagasyxenos is the only corioxenid with no visible mouthparts as well as other character differences. The family Corioxenidae is reviewed and a key is provided for the 13 genera.
Which Migrants? Temporary or Permanent?

The title of this workshop is Towards a Transnutwnal Perspective on Mtkatwn: Race, Chs, Etbnicity, and Nationalism Reconszdeved and the goal is to come up with a revised analytic framework for understanding a new form of international migration. The development of a new analytic framework is n o easy task, and it is not something that is achieved by one effort alone. Thus, I am going to limit my comments, but hope that they will generate some discussion about the topics under consideration. My goal is not to critique the papen, nor to discuss each one in any considerable detail. Rather it is to try to draw out common themes they address and point out problems that need to be further clarified. Let me first highlight a few of the factual conditions that all of these papers address. The first and most important condition is that the migrants maintain ties to their home society, and that families tend to remain functional across national boundaries. Communications are mentioned in this context: the hct that one can call, or FAX anything to almost anywhere, or receive television transmissions of programs almost anyplace is an important material fact that cannot be overlooked. The second conl t ion is that many transnational migrants do not establish permanent residency in the host society. I t is not revealed how many people remain for how long in the host society, and how many people return, at what point in time, to live in their country of birth. This point I will return to later. Another important theme that appears in all of these papers is that the migrants are upwardly mobile. Concern with social status is an important issue that emerges over and over again: people who are migrating and working in Western cities are doing so to improve their status in their home country. “The project of the great majority of U.S. migrants is a long-term one; to accumulate sufficient resources to return and sustain themselves and their families securely in the Dominican ‘middle class”’ (Georges 1992, this volume). I t may at some point be important to determine the proportion of these versus the proportion who would like to be successful in the United States.
Identification of potential species Croton bonplandianum, sedges and Balanitis aegyptiaca for the application of phytoremediation.

Heavy metal contamination to the environment is a serious problem in the developing countries due to anthropogenic activities, a threat needs to remediate to sustain the life on earth, technology includes use of microorganisms and different plant species. In consideration of biomass, phytoremediation is a very useful techniques above all, can be exploit by identification of hyperaccumulator, which accumulates the heavy metal under metal stress condition. In view of constraints of efficient plant species in present study thirty seven different plant species were screened for the identification of heavy metal accumulators. Croton bonplandianum, sedges and Balanites aegyptiaca amongst the all exhibit superior potential of heavy metal accumulation. This is the first report to unravel the heavy metal accumulation property of three different plant species which can be exploited for the bioremediation of heavy metals.
Biochemical composition and storage of Jamaican yams (Dioscorea sp)

Dioscorea yam tubers of 11 cultivars from five common species grown in Jamaica were analysed for the following: protein content, total phenolics, vitamin C, total lipids, fatty acid composition and activity of the polyphenol oxidase enzyme. The results show that the yams grown in Jamaica are of good nutritional value with considerable amounts of protein, vitamin C, low lipids with only one cultivar ‘renta yam’ (D alata) possessing high levels of phenolic compounds. The fatty acids present in the total lipid extracts show that yam tubers generally possess high levels of saturated fatty acids mainly palmitic acid. However, the species D alata (cv white yam) and the species D trifida (cv yampie) have high levels of the unsaturated fatty acid, linolenic. All the polyphenol oxidases from the 11 cultivars show activities towards the diphenol substrates, catechol and DL-DOPA (DL-3,4-dihydroxyphenylalanine). However, no oxidation was observed with L-tyrosine, a monophenol substrate. All cultivars studied were found to have different lengths of dormancy which varied with storage conditions. When the harvested tubers were washed, sunned and stored at 20†C in a dark cupboard, it was possible to extend their lengths of dormancy by a further 11 weeks.
Serpentes encontradas mortas em rodovias do estado de Santa Catarina, Brasil

Snakes killed on the roads in the state of Santa Catarina, southern Brazil. Roads cause diverse impacts to ecosystems, including habitat loss and fragmentation, alteration of the natural landscape and death of animals. However, little is known about the impact of this mortality on the animal populations. The snake fauna of the state of Santa Catarina is the least studied of southern Brazil. In this work we present data on 165 snakes of 38 species found dead on the roads of the state between 2003 and 2008, which corresponds to 50% of the snake species in relation to the expected occurrence for the state of Santa Catarina. The four most frequent species were Philodryas patagoniensis (n = 22; 13.33%), Liophis miliaris (n = 21; 12.72%), P. aestiva (n = 13; 7.87%) and Bothrops jararaca (n = 12; 7.27%), which represent together about 41% of the snakes found dead on the roads. We extend the known distribution of Imantodes cenchoa by about 60km southward.
p53 N-Terminal Ser-15∼P and Ser-20∼P Levels in Squamous Cell Lung Cancer after Radio/Chemotherapy

Functional regulation of p53 protein, a critical regulator of cell cycle and apoptosis, was investigated in fiberoptic bronchoscopy biopsy samples taken from 23 patients suffering from recurrent squamous cell lung cancer by analyzing the expression and phosphorylation status of the p53 at Ser15 and Ser20 before and after treatment with radiotherapy/cisplatin/vinorelbine. Poly(ADP-ribose) levels as a marker of cellular DNA damage, expression of wild-type and mutated p53 protein, and Ki-67 expression as a marker of proliferation was also determined. Median p53 expression increased (61% increase) after therapy. p53 phosphorylated on Ser20 was also increased by ∼ 57% in radiotherapy/chemotherapy patients, and these changes correlated with Ki-67 proliferation and with elevated (by 69%; P < 0.01) poly(ADP-ribose) levels. Our data indicate that apart from changes in p53 quantity, post-translational phosphorylation/dephosphorylation-mediated alterations, especially at Ser20 may play a role in p53 stabilization an.