Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Intrathecal Morphine for Post‐Thoracotomy Pain

We wished to investigate possible differences in the duration of postoperative analgesia and the incidence of respiratory depression after the intrathecal injection in the lumbar area of10 μg/kg morphine in hypobaric and hyperbaric solution for relief of post-thoracotomy pain. Twenty-nine patients received morphine plus dextrose (hyperbaric) and 21 received morphine in preservative-free normal saline. The duration of analgesia was longer with the morphine in the normal saline group than in the hyperbaric group (P < 0.04). One patient developed delayed respiratory depression. Our data support the use of morphine in normal saline mixtures for greater duration of analgesia after thoracic operations.
Fostering Agricultural Market Development in Zambia

The availability, access and affordability of food is a highly politicized issue throughout the world. In much of southern Africa, there is a widespread view that governments are responsible for ensuring that their populations have reliable access to food. Zambia, like most countries in Southern Africa, is vigorously pursuing continued direct public sector involvement and protectionist measures in the maize marketing sector. Since 1995, the Food Reserve Agency (FRA) and more recently, subsidies through the Fertilizer Support Program (FSP), have been the major instruments of government policy. While in some respects current operations undertaken by the government are similar to those adopted at independence, there are some noteworthy changes. Specifically, the private sector is no longer barred by statutory measures. In principle, the private sector is now encouraged to perform marketing functions alongside the public sector. However, in practice, the private sector is often prevented from doing so due to government use of discretionary trade policy instruments, such as variable export bans and restrictions, variable import tariff rates, and government import programs.
Immunolocalization of sodium channel isoform NaCh6 in the nervous system

Sodium channel 6 (NaCh6) is the α‐subunit of a voltage‐gated sodium channel expressed in the rat nervous system. The mRNA for this isoform has been shown to be expressed in both neuronal and glial cells by in situ hybridization. To examine localization of NaCh6 protein, polyclonal antibodies specific for NaCh6 were generated against peptides from two cytoplasmic domains and a fusion protein from an extracellular domain. Affinity‐purified antibodies were used to localize NaCh6 in the brain, spinal cord, peripheral nervous system, and neuromuscular junction. There was widespread labeling of neurons in the brain and spinal cord. NaCh6 was present in both sensory and motor pathways. Radial glial cells in the cerebellum were intensely labeled for both GFAP and NaCh6. At the subcellular level, NaCh6 is found in axons, dendrites, and the cell body. Motor neurons and primary sensory neurons in dorsal root ganglia had strong cytoplasmic and axonal staining. Nodes of Ranvier in peripheral nerve and in the spinal cord were also intensely labeled. Motor neuron axons near the neuromuscular junction were labeled up to, but not including, terminal boutons. Dendrites of pyramidal cells in the cortex, hippocampus, and cerebellum were labeled. NaCh6 is the first NaCh subtype to be localized either at the node of Ranvier or to a dendrite. We conclude that NaCh6 is widely distributed in the central and peripheral nervous systems and is likely to be important for the electrical properties of the axon and dendrite. J. Comp. Neurol. 420:70–83, 2000. © 2000 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Specificity in autobiographical memory narratives correlates with performance on the Autobiographical Memory Test and prospectively predicts depressive symptoms

Reduced autobiographical memory specificity (AMS) is an important cognitive marker in depression that is typically measured with the Autobiographical Memory Test (AMT; Williams & Broadbent, 1986). The AMT is widely used, but the over-reliance on a single methodology for assessing AMS is a limitation in the field. The current study investigated memory narratives as an alternative measure of AMS in an undergraduate student sample selected for being high or low on a measure of depressive symptoms (N=55). We employed a multi-method design to compare narrative- and AMT-based measures of AMS. Participants generated personally significant self-defining memory narratives, and also completed two versions of the AMT (with and without instructions to retrieve specific memories). Greater AMS in self-defining memory narratives correlated with greater AMS in performance on both versions of the AMT in the full sample, and the patterns of relationships between the different AMS measures were generally similar in low and high dysphoric participants. Furthermore, AMS in self-defining memory narratives was prospectively associated with depressive symptom levels. Specifically, greater AMS in self-defining memory narratives predicted fewer depressive symptoms at a 10-week follow-up over and above baseline symptom levels. Implications for future research and clinical applications are discussed.
A COMPETENT PROGRESS TOWARDS PRESERVING THE DATA CONSISTENCY IN STORAGE OUTSOURCING

To verify the accessibility and reliability of outsourced data in cloud storages without transferring data, a Provable data possession probabilistic proof method was proposed in which the presence of multiple cloud service benefactors is reflected to supportively stock and preserve the clients' data. Cloud storage package has developed into a quicker profit progression point by providing low-cost, accessible, position self- determining stage for customers' records. A cooperative Provable data possession is used to confirm the integrity and availability of their stored data in all cloud service providers. The performance of cooperative Provable data possession structure, specifically for large files, is exaggerated by the bilinear mapping procedures due to its high complication. All security properties were provided to resist various attacks even if it is deployed as a public audit service in clouds.
A self-adaptive local feature extraction based magnetic resonance imaging

Diffusion-weighted imaging and tractography can get information related to the macroscopic structure in vivo. High angular resolution diffusion imaging (HARDI), which offers a wide range of sampling data, has proven to better characterize complex intra-voxel structures compared to its predecessor diffusion tensor imaging (DTI). On the basis of HARDI, the data-driven approaches, such as spherical deconvolution (SD), become the emphasis of research in the field of brain. In this work, we substitute the spherical harmonics by a dictionary basis in SD, and incorporate a fiber orientation distribution function (fODF) based on SD, into a local feature extraction, which allows to form an self-adaptively sparse dictionary basis. The required fODF can be estimated from diffusion data and could be recalibrated with the data. In addition, the total variation of fODF is produced as auxiliary means. Verification is implemented on phantom and real data, which demonstrate that this data-driven approach can improve tomography result.
Synthesis of an asynchronous communication protocol for search and rescue robots

We present a protocol for reliable communication between search and rescue robots, which is synthesized from a high-level temporal logic specification. The protocol ensures provably correct data transmission on an asynchronous point-to-point link in the presence of an adverse environment. We synthesize the protocol into correct-by-construction transceiver controllers that can be included as building blocks in a larger design. The viability of our approach of synthesizing controllers with clearly defined interfaces and the validity of our protocol is demonstrated by implementing controllers for robots searching cooperatively for a moving target.
Research on equivalent energy storage of cascade reservoirs for wind power accommodation

With the increasing of wind power installed capacity, power peak-load regulation has become main restriction for wind power accommodation. With an aim at this problem, this paper suggests a novel method for solving wind power accommodation. Firstly, digging the inverse peak-load regulation capacity of cascade reservoirs, using adjustable cascade reservoirs capacity realizes an aim, when renewable energy surplus, hydro-plants station output is lower, and when renewable energy shortage, hydro-plants station output is higher. And then, a short-term programming formulation of the wind power maximum accommodation is built to realize an optimization dispatch of power system, where cascade reservoirs operation condition constrain is considered. Finally, this paper takes Gansu province as an example to analyze and verify this method.
A randomized controlled trial of deep water running: clinical effectiveness of aquatic exercise to treat fibromyalgia.

OBJECTIVE To compare the clinical effectiveness of aerobic exercise in the water with walking/jogging for women with fibromyalgia (FM). METHODS Sixty sedentary women with FM, ages 18-60 years, were randomly assigned to either deep water running (DWR) or land-based exercises (LBE). Patients were trained for 15 weeks at their anaerobic threshold. Visual analog scale of pain, Fibromyalgia Impact Questionnaire (FIQ), Beck Depression Inventory, Short Form 36 Health Survey (SF-36), and a patient's global assessment of response to therapy (PGART) were measured at baseline, week 8, and week 15. Statistical analysis included all patients. RESULTS Four patients dropped out from each group. Both groups improved significantly at week 15 compared with baseline, with an average 36% reduction in pain intensity. For PGART, 40% of the DWR group and 30% of the LBE group answered "much better" at posttreatment. FIQ total score and FIQ depression improvements in the DWR group were faster (week 8) than the LBE group and kept improving (week 15; P < 0.05). Only the DWR group showed improvements in SF-36 role emotional (P = 0.006). No significant between-group differences were observed for peak oxygen uptake and other outcomes. CONCLUSION DWR is a safe exercise that has been shown to be as effective as LBE regarding pain. However, it has been shown to bring more advantages related to emotional aspects. Aerobic gain was similar for both groups, regardless of symptom improvement. Therefore, DWR could be studied as an exercise option for patients with FM who have problems adapting to LBE or lower limbs limitations.
Common and novel transcriptional routes to behavioral maturation in worker and male honey bees

Worker honey bees (Apis mellifera) undergo a process of behavioral maturation leading to their transition from in‐hive tasks to foraging – a process which is associated with profound transcriptional changes in the brain. Changes in brain gene expression observed during worker behavioral maturation could represent either a derived program underlying division of labor or a general program unrelated to sociality. Male bees (drones) undergo a process of behavioral maturation associated with the onset of mating flights, but do not partake in division of labor. Drones thus provide an excellent reference point for polarizing transcriptional changes associated with behavioral maturation in honey bees. We assayed the brain transcriptomes of adult drones and workers to compare and contrast differences associated with behavioral maturation in the two sexes. Both behavioral maturation and sex were associated with changes in expression of thousands of genes in the brain. Many genes involved in neuronal development, behavior, and the biosynthesis of neurotransmitters regulating the perception of reward showed sex‐biased gene expression. Furthermore, most of the transcriptional changes associated with behavioral maturation were common to drones and workers, consistent with common genetic and physiological regulation. Our study suggests that there is a common behavioral maturation program that has been co‐opted and modified to yield the different behavioral and cognitive phenotypes of worker and drone bees.
The BPV1‐E2 trans‐acting protein can be either an activator or a repressor of the HPV18 regulatory region.

The human papillomavirus 18 (HPV 18) long control region contains promoter and enhancer elements whose activity is restricted to several human cell lines of epithelial origin. This enhancer possesses a considerable constitutive activity which is further stimulated in the presence of the E2 trans‐activating protein of bovine papillomavirus 1 (BPV1). Surprisingly the same BPV1 protein strongly repressed transcription from the genuine HPV18 enhancer‐promoter DNA sequences. We suggest that binding of several molecules of E2 protein between the viral CAAT and TATA elements sterically hinders transcription initiation from this promoter, while the same DNA–protein assembly stimulates the SV40 promoter when cloned in an enhancer configuration upstream of this heterologous promoter. Unlike BPV1‐E2 the homologous E2 gene product does not seem to strongly modulate viral transcription. Finally the BPV1‐E2 gene product may repress some essential viral or host genes, since we failed to isolate HeLa cells expressing BPV1‐E2.
Animal models for opioid addiction drug discovery

Introduction: Since ancient times, the opium poppy has been used in a variety of settings, including pain management. Natural and synthetic derivatives of opium are commonly used in medicine today and include drugs, such as morphine, codeine, hydromorphone and oxycodone. Although excellent at inhibiting pain, these narcotics often produce a state of euphoria leading to misuse and abuse by the general population, particularly in young adults. The misuse of prescription opiates has continually increased over the past 10 years despite associated negative outcomes, resulting in opiate psychological dependence, withdrawal and relapse. Areas covered: This paper briefly refers to the history of opiate use and the modern challenges associated with chronic exposure. The authors present the prevalence of addiction and misuse of prescription opiates and discuss some of the opiate-associated effects. This includes activation of reward circuitry and compensatory receptor mechanisms. Finally, the authors provide a review on neuroadaptive changes that manifest during opiate dependence, withdrawal and relapse in animal models. Expert opinion: In spite of the various methods available to treat opiate addiction, there is still a huge unmet need for its management, including the creative design of novel, non-addictive pain medications. The authors believe that multifunctional compounds or combinations of compounds that inhibit pain pathways, whereas not activating the reward pathways, will begin to subdue the opiate addiction endemic.
Instrumental conditioning of human sensorimotor rhythm (12-15 Hz) and its impact on sleep as well as declarative learning.

STUDY OBJECTIVES To test whether instrumental conditioning of sensorimotor rhythm (SMR; 12-15 Hz) has an impact on sleep parameters as well as declarative memory performance in humans. DESIGN Randomized, parallel group design SETTING 10 instrumental conditioning sessions, pre- and posttreatment investigation including sleep evaluations PARTICIPANTS 27 healthy subjects (13 male) INTERVENTIONS SMR-conditioning (experimental group) or randomized-frequency conditioning (control group); declarative memory task before and after a 90-min nap MEASUREMENT AND RESULTS The experimental group was trained to enhance the amplitude of their SMR-frequency range, whereas the control group participated in a randomized-frequency conditioning program (i.e., every session a different 3-Hz frequency bin between 7 and 20 Hz). During pre- and posttreatment the subjects had to attend the sleep laboratory to take a 90-min nap (2:00-3:30 pm) and to perform a declarative memory task before and after sleep. The experimental design was successful in conditioning an increase in relative 12-15 Hz amplitude within 10 sessions (d = 0.7). Increased SMR activity was also expressed during subsequent sleep by eliciting positive changes in different sleep parameters (sleep spindle number [d = 0.6], sleep onset latency [d = 0.7]); additionally, this increased 12-15 Hz amplitude was associated with enhancement in retrieval score computed at immediate cued recall (d = 0.9). CONCLUSION Relative SMR amplitude increased over 10 instrumental conditioning sessions (in the experimental group only) and this "shaping of one's own brain activity" improved subsequent declarative learning and facilitated the expression of 12-15 Hz spindle oscillations during sleep. Most interestingly, these electrophysiological changes were accompanied by a shortened sleep onset latency.
A survey on Datamining in Cyber Bullying

CRIME has always the very first thing that people want to avoid and police officer want to stop. A major challenge facing all law- enforcement and intelligence -gathering organizations is accurately and efficiently analyzing the growing volumes of crime data. Crime activity reports available from victims, governmental organizations, news press, and social networks play a significant role in public safety, including crime prevention, suppression and investigation, uniformed patrol and response. Cyber Crime is an area which covers crimes committed in the internet. Opportunities for connecting with classmates, friends and people with shared interests abound. Email, online chat, and social networking sites allow us to interact with people in the same town and people on the other side of the world. Unfortunately the opportunity for misuse comes with any new technology. There were sexual predators and bullies long before the advent of the internet and chat rooms. Cyber bullying and internet predation threaten minors, particular teens and teens who do not have adequate supervision when they use the computer. As the amount of criminal records growing every day, it is impossible to perform manual analysis on the dataset and extract useful information. Data mining has been studying for decades trying to get useful information out of large amount of data. Many efforts have used automated techniques to analyze different types of crimes, but without a unifying framework describing how to apply them. In particular, understanding the relationship between analysis capability and crime type characteristics can help investigators more effectively use those techniques to identify trends and patterns, address problem areas and even predict crimes.
Predictors of quality of life and adjustment after lung transplantation.

STUDY OBJECTIVE Few studies have examined predictors of quality of life and adjustment after lung transplantation. This study determined whether pretransplant psychological measures predicted physical health, quality of life, and overall adjustment posttransplant. Cross-sectional analyses also examined differences in adjustment and quality of life for lung transplant candidates and recipients. DESIGN AND PARTICIPANTS Seventeen transplant candidates and 60 transplant recipients completed questionnaires measuring adjustment and quality of life. In addition, we examined archival data on 107 transplant candidates who had received pretransplant psychological assessments, and posttransplant physical health status data were collected on these patients. Of the 107 patients who provided a pretransplant psychological assessment, 32 completed the questionnaires measuring posttransplant adjustment and quality of life. SETTING University medical center transplant service. RESULTS Cross-sectional analyses indicated significantly better adjustment and quality of life posttransplant. Pretransplant psychological variables were not associated with measures of posttransplant physical health. Hierarchical multiple regression analyses found that pretransplant anxiety and psychopathology predicted posttransplant adjustment (beta's ranging from 0.32 to 0.68) and greater pretransplant anxiety also predicted worse posttransplant quality of life (beta's ranging from 0.29 to 0.62). Subjective sleep disturbances were associated with poorer adjustment and quality of life (beta's ranging from 0.36 to 0.75), and were found to mediate the relationship between presurgical anxiety and posttransplant adjustment and quality of life. CONCLUSIONS This study found that psychological status pretransplant predicted adjustment and quality of life posttransplant. Moreover, increased anxiety levels pretransplant predicted subsequent subjective sleep disturbances, which were, in turn, associated with poorer adjustment and quality of life. The benefits of pretransplant stress management interventions are discussed.
A Systems Genetics Approach Identifies Gene Regulatory Networks Associated with Fatty Acid Composition in Brassica rapa Seed1

A systems genetics approach identifies gene regulatory networks associated with fatty acid composition in Brassica rapa seed. Fatty acids in seeds affect seed germination and seedling vigor, and fatty acid composition determines the quality of seed oil. In this study, quantitative trait locus (QTL) mapping of fatty acid and transcript abundance was integrated with gene network analysis to unravel the genetic regulation of seed fatty acid composition in a Brassica rapa doubled haploid population from a cross between a yellow sarson oil type and a black-seeded pak choi. The distribution of major QTLs for fatty acids showed a relationship with the fatty acid types: linkage group A03 for monounsaturated fatty acids, A04 for saturated fatty acids, and A05 for polyunsaturated fatty acids. Using a genetical genomics approach, expression quantitative trait locus (eQTL) hotspots were found at major fatty acid QTLs on linkage groups A03, A04, A05, and A09. An eQTL-guided gene coexpression network of lipid metabolism-related genes showed major hubs at the genes BrPLA2-ALPHA, BrWD-40, a number of seed storage protein genes, and the transcription factor BrMD-2, suggesting essential roles for these genes in lipid metabolism. Three subnetworks were extracted for the economically important and most abundant fatty acids erucic, oleic, linoleic, and linolenic acids. Network analysis, combined with comparison of the genome positions of cis- or trans-eQTLs with fatty acid QTLs, allowed the identification of candidate genes for genetic regulation of these fatty acids. The generated insights in the genetic architecture of fatty acid composition and the underlying complex gene regulatory networks in B. rapa seeds are discussed.
Albuminuria and Risk of Cardiovascular Events , Death , and Heart Failure in Diabetic and Nondiabetic Individuals

P cancer is the 5th leading cause of cancer-related mortality in the United States. Smoking has been the strongest environmental factor linked to pancreatic cancer. Many studies have shown an association between diabetes mellitus and pancreatic cancer. More recently, a positive association between impaired glucose tolerance and pancreatic cancer risk was identified. This may be suggesting that impaired glucose tolerance, insulin resistance, and hyperinsulinemia play a role in the etiology of pancreatic cancer. This study examines the risk of pancreatic cancer to obesity, increased height, and physical activity.