Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Bilateral macular ischemia and severe visual loss following trastuzumab therapy

Fo r pe rs on al u se o nl y. Trastuzumab (Herceptin, Genentech Inc) is a monoclonal antibody interfering with human epidermal growth factor receptor 2, which is currently used for the treatment of breast cancer [1] and metastatic gastric cancer [2]. We report a case of bilateral ischemic maculopathy following intravenous therapy of trastuzumab in a 50-year-old woman. She had breast cancer with cerebral and pulmonary metastases and had been treated with combined cerebral radiotherapy and docetaxel therapy without visual side effects, as confi rmed by a normal ophthalmologic examination performed at the time. Trastuzumab (2 mg/kg) was introduced six months after this fi rst-line radiochemotherapy regimen. Three months later, she presented with severe bilateral visual loss: visual acuity (VA) was 20/100 and 20/200 (right eye and left eye, respectively). On funduscopy, macular edema, hemorrhages, and hard exudates were noted in both eyes (Figure 1A), while the retinae beyond the vascular arcades were normal. On fl uorescein angiography (FA), the foveal avascular zone was enlarged in both eyes (Figure 1B). Leakage from the unperfused foveolar capillaries and cystoid macular edema were also present (Figure 1B). Optical coherence tomography (OCT) examination showed bilateral cystic changes and shallow central serous retinal detachment (Figure 1C). Central macular thickness (CMT) was measured at 546 μ m and 332 μ m in the right and left eyes, respectively. VA worsened and CMT increased under trastuzumab treatment. As a consequence, trastuzumab was discontinued for three months. No progression was observed. One month after its reintroduction, vision decreased again (20/300, 20/400),
Effects of slow- and fast-acting compression on the detection of gaps in narrow bands of noise

Abstract The inherent amplitude fluctuations in narrow bands of noise may limit the ability to detect gaps in the noise; 'dips’ in the noise may be confused with the gap to be detected. For people with cochlear hearing loss, loudness recruitment may effectively magnify the fluctuations and this could partly account for the reduced ability to detect gaps in noise bands that is usually found for such people. Previously, we tested these ideas by processing the envelopes of noise bands to alter the amount of envelope fluctuation. We showed that instantaneous compression, implemented via processing of the Hilbert envelope, led to smaller (that is, better) gap detection thresholds for subjects with cochlear hearing loss. In the present experiment, we determined whether fast-acting compression of the type sometimes used in hearing aids could also lead to improved gap detection. A behind-the-ear (BTE) digital hearing aid was programmed to implement multi-band compression, either fast-acting or slow-acting (control condition). A reference condition using unaided listening was also used. Stimuli were delivered via an earphone placed over the hearing aid. Overall stimulus levels at the output of the hearing aid were similar across conditions. Thresholds for detecting gaps in noise bands centred at 4 kHz were measured as a function of noise bandwidth (10-500 Hz). To prevent the detection of spectral changes introduced by the gap, stimuli were presented in a broad-band background noise. Three normally hearing subjects and three subjects with bilateral cochlear hearing loss were tested. Gap thresholds varied non-monotonically with noise bandwidth, being maximal around 50 Hz. Gap thresholds were generally higher for the hearing-impaired than for the normally hearing subjects. For the latter, gap thresholds were similar for the three conditions. For the hearing-impaired subjects, gap thresholds were similar for the unaided condition and the condition using slow compression. However, fast compression led to smaller gap thresholds, especially for noise bandwidths up to 50 Hz. The results show that fast compression can improve the ability of hearing-impaired subjects to detect gaps in sounds with slowly fluctuating envelopes.
Right lung atelectasis during general anesthesia with laryngeal mask airway

SIR—This is a short report of anesthesia in a child with pyruvate dehydrogenase deficiency who presented for a lower extremity surgery. Pyruvate dehyrogenase deficiency is an X-linked mutation causing deficiencies of pyruvate dehydrogenase phosphatase (1). This results in elevated lactic acid which is aggravated by carbohydrates. There are three types of presentation of this disease. The first occurs in the neonatal period presents as a lethal lactic acidosis. The infantile form may also present as a lethal disease but more commonly presents with psychomotor retardation, cystic lesions in the brainstem and basal ganglia. (1) A milder form presents in later childhood and occurs predominantly in boys. This presents as ataxia associated with high carbohydrate diets. The enzyme is more active in these patients and thus they have less lactate acidosis. These children will have normal intelligence and facial dysmorphologic features. (1). Treatment for this particular disease is thiamine and a ketogenic diet. The patient was an 8-year-old male child presenting for tibial reconstruction. He had undergone an MRI under sedation but had no other surgical history. He was being treated with a ketogenic diet and thiamine. He was premedicated with midazolam. Following placement of electrocardiogram monitors, noninvasive blood pressure and pulse oximetry, and anesthesia was induced using oxygen, nitrous oxide and sevoflurane. When an adequate depth of anesthesia was achieved, 1 ml of 2% lidocaine was sprayed on his vocal cords and his trachea was intubated without difficulty. An intravenous line was started in the dorsum of his left hand and normal saline solution was infused. A blood gas at the beginning of surgery revealed a base deficit of )3.2 mmolÆl . The procedure lasted 150 min. At the end of the surgery another blood gas revealed a base deficit of )5.1 mmolÆl. When he was fully awake and responding to commands his trachea was extubated. His postoperative course was uneventful and he was discharged home under the care of his mother. There are very few reports of anesthesia in children with pyruvate dehydrongenase deficiency. A report of Dierforf and McNiece (2) was of an infant with the severe form which is usually fatal in the neonatal period. From their report it appears that treatment of the disease is now changing from the one which they described. The use of thiamine and a ketogenic diet is now the treatment of choice. Also our patient had the milder form of the disease and was well controlled with diet and thiamine. Although Dierdorf (2) suggested the avoidance of halogenated agents which could interfere with glucose metabolism as could thiopental, however, this is based on theory(3). As our experience with anesthesia in these children is limited, our recommendations may be restricted to the following: (i) avoid lactated solutions, (ii) give the least stress-producing anesthesia, and (iii) monitor the acid base status during surgery. J . F . Mayhew Department of Anesthesiology, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, USA (email: rejfm@hotmail.com)
Appendix for Obviously Strategy-Proof Mechanisms

Proof. First we prove the “if” direction. Fix agent 1 and preferences ✓1. Suppose that S1 is not obviously dominant in G = hH, , A,A, P, c, (Ii)i2N , gi. We need to demonstrate that there exists G̃ that is i-indistinguishable from G, such that G,G̃(S1) is not weakly dominant in G̃ . We proceed by construction. Let (S0 1, I1, h sup, S 1 , d sup c , hinf , Sinf 1, d inf c ) be such that I1 2 ↵(S1, S0 1), hinf 2 I1, hsup 2 I1, and u1 (h , S0 1, S sup 1 , d sup c , ✓1) > u G 1 (h inf , S1, S inf 1, d inf c , ✓1) (1)
Decreased precision contributes to the hypoxic thermoregulatory response in lizards

SUMMARY The decrease in body temperature (Tb) observed in most vertebrate classes in response to hypoxia has been attributed to a regulated decrease in set-point, protecting organs against tissue death due to oxygen depletion. Hypoxia, however, imparts particular challenges to metabolic function which may, in turn, affect thermoregulation. In ectotherms, where thermoregulation is mainly behavioural, stressors that influence the propensity to move and respond to temperature gradients are expected to have an impact on thermoregulatory control. Using low oxygen as a potent stressor, we evaluated the variability and level of thermoregulation of inland bearded dragons. To examine the source of thermoregulatory variability, we studied their behaviour in an electronically controlled temperature-choice shuttle box, a constant temperature dual-choice shuttle box, and a linear thermal gradient. A significant increase in the size of the Tb range was observed at the lowest oxygen concentration (4% O2), reflecting a decrease in thermoregulatory precision in the temperature-choice shuttle box. This was also accompanied by a drop of ∼2–4°C in Tb, the drop being greatest in situations where Tb must be actively defended. Situations that force the lizards to continually choose temperatures, rather than passively remain at a given temperature, lead to an increase in the variability in the manifested Tb, which is further exaggerated in hypoxia. This study reveals that a decrease in thermoregulatory precision caused by a diminished propensity to move or effect appropriate thermoregulatory responses may be a contributing component in the lowering of selected body temperatures observed in many hypoxic ectotherms.
The effect of agriculture management and fire on epiphytic lichens on holm oak trees in the eastern Iberian Peninsula

Abstract For a long time, agriculture and recurrent fires have been the main factors promoting diversity changes in Mediterranean areas. We examined the effect of irrigated and non-irrigated crops and fires on the epiphytic lichen diversity of holm oak trees in the Vall d'Albaida region (Valencia, Spain). Lichen diversity was studied by calculating the LDV (Lichen Diversity Value) and the proportion of functional groups. No significant differences were observed between areas located near irrigated or non-irrigated crops. Fire-affected areas tended to harbour lower LDV and species richness than those influenced by agriculture. By using lichen functional groups, it has been shown that eutrophication tolerance, substratum pH affinity and, to some extent, thallus growth form are the main factors driving epiphytic lichen diversity in this rural area.
The NADH oxidase activity of the plasma membrane of synaptosomes is a major source of superoxide anion and is inhibited by peroxynitrite

Plasma membrane vesicles from adult rat brain synaptosomes (PMV) have an ascorbate‐dependent NADH oxidase activity of 35–40 nmol/min/(mg protein) at saturation by NADH. NADPH is a much less efficient substrate of this oxidase activity, with a Vmax 10‐fold lower than that measured for NADH. Ascorbate‐dependent NADH oxidase activity accounts for more than 90% of the total NADH oxidase activity of PMV and, in the absence of NADH and in the presence of 1 mm ascorbate, PMV produce ascorbate free radical (AFR) at a rate of 4.0 ± 0.5 nmol AFR/min/(mg protein). NADH‐dependent ·O2− production by PMV occurs with a rate of 35 ± 3 nmol/min/(mg protein), and is a coreaction product of the NADH oxidase activity, because: (i) it is inhibited by more than 90% by addition of ascorbate oxidase, (ii) it is inhibited by 1 µg/mL wheat germ agglutinin (a potent inhibitor of the plasma membrane AFR reductase activity), and (iii) the KM(NADH) of the plasma membrane NADH oxidase activity and of NADH‐dependent ·O2− production are identical. Treatment of PMV with repetitive micromolar ONOO– pulses produced almost complete inhibition of the ascorbate‐dependent NADH oxidase and ·O2− production, and at 50% inhibition addition of coenzyme Q10 almost completely reverts this inhibition. Cytochrome c stimulated 2.5‐fold the plasma membrane NADH oxidase, and pretreatment of PMV with repetitive 10 µm ONOO– pulses lowers the K0.5 for cytochrome c stimulation from 6 ± 1 (control) to 1.5 ± 0.5 µm. Thus, the ascorbate‐dependent plasma membrane NADH oxidase activity can act as a source of neuronal ·O2−, which is up‐regulated by cytosolic cytochrome c and down‐regulated under chronic oxidative stress conditions producing ONOO–.
Design of a mechanism-based probe for neuraminidase to capture influenza viruses.

[*] C. -P. Lu, $ Dr. C. -T. Ren, Y. -N. Lai, Prof. S. -H. Wu [++] Institute of Biological Chemistry, Academia Sinica Taipei 115 (Taiwan) Fax: (+886)2-2653-9142 E-mail: shwu@gate.sinica. edu.tw W. -M. Wang, J.-Y. Chen, Prof. L. -C. Lo Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan University Taipei 106 (Taiwan) Fax: (+886)2-2362-1979 E-mail: lclo@ntu.edu.tw [] Institute of Biochemical Sciences, National Taiwan University Taipei 106, (Taiwan) [] Genomics Research Center, Academia Sinica Taipei 115 (Taiwan) [] These authors contributed equally to this work. [**] Influenza A virus (A/WSN/33) was a gift from Dr. Shin-Ru Shih, Chang Gung University, Taiwan) and polyclonal anti-FluA antibody was a gift from Dr. Hour-Young Chen (Center for Disease Control Taiwan). Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV, Taiwanese strain, RP-9) and the mouse monoclonal antibody specific for this virus were kindly provided by Dr. Yi-Ling Lin (IBMS Academia Sinica). Zanamivir was a gift from GlaxoWellcome Research and Development Ltd. (Stevenage, UK) and from Prof. Ching-Shih Chen (The Ohio State University, OH). We thank Prof. Yulin Lam for proofreading the manuscript. This work was supported by the National Science Council (Grant nos. NSC92-2113M-001-023 to S.-H.W. and NSC93-3112-B-002-001 to L.-C.L.). Supporting information for this article is available on the WWW under http://www.angewandte. org or from the author. Zuschriften
Transient gene and microRNA expression profile changes of confluent human fibroblast cells in spaceflight

Microgravity, or an altered gravity environment different from the 1 g of the Earth, has been shown to influence global gene expression patterns and protein levels in cultured cells. However, most of the reported studies that have been conducted in space or by using simulated microgravity on the ground have focused on the growth or differentiation of these cells. It has not been specifically addressed whether nonproliferating cultured cells will sense the presence of microgravity in space. In an experiment conducted onboard the International Space Station, confluent human fibroblast cells were fixed after being cultured in space for 3 and 14 d, respectively, to investigate changes in gene and microRNA (miRNA) expression profiles in these cells. Results of the experiment showed that on d 3, both the flown and ground cells were still proliferating slowly, as measured by the percentage of Ki‐67+ cells. Gene and miRNA expression data indicated activation of NF‐kB and other growth‐related pathways that involve hepatocyte growth factor and VEGF as well as the down‐regulation of the Let‐7 miRNA family. On d 14, when the cells were mostly nonproliferating, the gene and miRNA expression profile of the flight sample was indistinguishable from that of the ground sample. Comparison of gene and miRNA expressions in the d 3 samples, with respect to d 14, revealed that most of the changes observed on d 3 were related to cell growth for both the flown and ground cells. Analysis of cytoskeletal changes via immunohistochemistry staining of the cells with antibodies for α‐tubulin and fibronectin showed no difference between the flown and ground samples. Taken together, our study suggests that in true nondividing human fibroblast cells in culture, microgravity experienced in space has little effect on gene and miRNA expression profiles. —Zhang, Y. , Lu, T. , Wong, M. , Wang, X. , Stodieck, L. , Karouia, F. , Story, M. , Wu, H. Transient gene and microRNA expression profile changes of confluent human fibroblast cells in spaceflight. FASEB J. 30, 2211–2224 (2016). www.fasebj. org
Acute Compartment Syndrome in Tibial Plateau Fractures—Beware!

Acute compartment syndrome can complicate fractures of the tibial plateau and must be recognized early so that timely fasciotomy can be performed. The presence of the open fasciotomy wound complicates management of the underlying proximal tibial fracture, which ideally needs early anatomic reconstruction of the articular surface and stable metaphyseal fixation. The purpose of this review is to highlight the importance of this problem, understand treatment strategies, and review outcomes.
Involvement of autophagy in tantalum nanoparticle-induced osteoblast proliferation

Porous tantalum (Ta) implants are highly corrosion resistant and biocompatible, and they possess significantly better initial stability than that of conventional titanium (Ti) implants. During loading wear, Ta nanoparticles (Ta-NPs) that were deposited on the surface of a porous Ta implant are inevitably released and come into direct contact with peri-implant osteoblasts. The wear debris may influence cell behavior and implant stabilization. However, the interaction of Ta-NPs with osteoblasts has not been clearly investigated. This study aimed to investigate the effect of Ta-NPs on cell proliferation and their underlying mechanism. The Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8) assay was used to measure the cell viability of MC3T3-E1 mouse osteoblasts and showed that Ta-NP treatment could increase cell viability. Then, confocal microscopy, Western blotting, and transmission electron microscopy were used to confirm the autophagy induced by Ta-NPs, and evidence of autophagy induction was observed as positive LC3 puncta, high-LC3-II expression, and autophagic vesicle ultrastructures. The CCK-8 assay revealed that the cell viability was further increased and decreased by the application of an autophagy inducer and inhibitor, respectively. In addition, pre-treatment with autophagy inhibitor 3-methyladenine (3-MA) inhibited the Ta-NP-induced autophagy. These results indicate that the Ta-NPs can promote cell proliferation, that an autophagy inducer can further strengthen this effect and that an autophagy inhibitor can weaken this effect. In conclusion, autophagy was involved in Ta-NP-induced cell proliferation and had a promoting effect.
Characteristics of AMI using DLMS/COSEM and IEEE 802.15.4g multi-hop wireless communication

IEC 62056 for upper-layer protocols and IEEE 802.15. 4g for communication infrastructure are promising means of advanced metering infrastructure (AMI) in Japan. However, since the characteristics of a communication system based on these combined technologies have yet to be identified, this paper gives the communication failure rates and latency acquired by calculations. In addition, the calculation results suggest some adequate AMI configurations, and show its extensibility in consideration of the usage environment.
Integration of Heterogeneous System Based on Business Object

there will be many information systems in a modern enterprise. These systems are commercial systems or self-develop software. In order to meet the needs for openness, flexibility, interoperability and speed of development, each enterprise like above would integrate these heterogeneous systems. This paper implements an integration module in a chemical enterprise that has a commercial ERP system, a commercial EAM system and a OA system developed by self. The module is based on objectoriented and component-based technology to achieve the integration requirements and constraints. It encapsulates a business rule into an object oriented component to realize the automatic data exchanging between the ERP and the EAM. And that business object provides a secondary development interface for the OA system. At last this integration module is deployed in the enterprise and has been running for two years. The paper shows the actual running data and gives some prospects of
Yeast prions assembly and propagation: Contributions of the prion and non-prion moieties and the nature of assemblies

Yeast prions are self-perpetuating protein aggregates that are at the origin of heritable and transmissible non-Mendelian phenotypic traits. Among these, [PSI+], [URE3] and [PIN+] are the most well documented prions and arise from the assembly of Sup35p, Ure2p and Rnq1p, respectively, into insoluble fibrillar assemblies. Fibril assembly depends on the presence of N- or C-terminal prion domains (PrDs) which are not homologous in sequence but share unusual amino-acid compositions, such as enrichment in polar residues (glutamines and asparagines) or the presence of oligopeptide repeats. Purified PrDs form amyloid fibrils that can convert prion-free cells to the prion state upon transformation. Nonetheless, isolated PrDs and full-length prion proteins have different aggregation, structural and infectious properties. In addition, mutations in the “non-prion” domains (non-PrDs) of Sup35p, Ure2p and Rnq1p were shown to affect their prion properties in vitro and in vivo. Despite these evidences, the implication of the functional non-PrDs in fibril assembly and prion propagation has been mostly overlooked. In this review, we discuss the contribution of non-PrDs to prion assemblies, and the structure-function relationship in prion infectivity in the light of recent findings on Sup35p and Ure2p assembly into infectious fibrils from our laboratory and others.
The influence of power on trading partner trust in electronic commerce

Power has become an important contextual factor in electronic commerce adoption. Persuading trading partners can mean using persuasive power. Hence, the way power is used to influence trading partners will determine the extent to which trust is encouraged during the adoption and integration process. The purpose of this paper is to focus on the impact of power in EDI adoption. The findings of a case study within an automotive manufacturer indicate that negative (coercive) power left smaller suppliers in a situation of uncertainty, and even conflict, whereas positive (persuasive) power resulted in open communications between smaller suppliers and their buyers, thus building trading partner trust and long‐term trading relationships.
A new putative fimbrial colonization factor, CS19, of human enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli

A gene probe derived from the colonization factor antigen I (CFA/I) operon cross-hybridized at very low stringency to plasmid DNA from coli surface antigen 17 (CS17)-producing enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC) and from the ETEC strain F595C, which was negative for previously described CFAs, CSs, and putative colonization factors (PCFs). A 16-kDa protein was identified in sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis of heat extracts prepared after growth of strain F595C at 37 degrees C on CFA agar containing bile salts. Transmission electron microscopy revealed bile salt- and temperature-dependent expression of fimbriae with a diameter of 7 nm. After transformation with a recombinant plasmid harboring the cfaR gene, which encodes a positive regulator of several CFAs, PCFs, and CSs, the 16-kDa protein was hyperexpressed. Polyclonal antibodies raised against this protein bound to the fimbriae and inhibited the adhesion of F595C bacteria to tissue-cultured Caco-2 cells. Nucleotide sequence determination of the gene encoding the 16-kDa fimbrial subunit revealed a high degree of amino acid sequence homology to the CFA/I, CS1, CS2, CS4, CS14, and CS17 polypeptides. The term CS19 is proposed for the new fimbria.