Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Long Term Survival of Mice with Hepatocellular Carcinoma after Pulse Power Ablation with Nanosecond Pulsed Electric Fields

Novel therapies are needed for treating hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) without recurrence in a single procedure. In this work we evaluated anti-neoplastic effects of a pulse power ablation (PPA) with nanosecond pulsed electric fields (nsPEFs), a non-thermal, non-drug, local, regional method and investigated its molecular mechanisms for hepatocellular carcinoma tumor ablation in vivo. An ectopic tumor model was established using C57BL/6 mice with Hepa1-6 hepatocellular carcinoma cells. Pulses with durations of 30 or 100 ns and fast rise times were delivered by a needle or ring electrode with different electric field strengths (33, 50 and 68 kV/cm), and 900 pulses in three treatment sessions (300 pulses each session) or a single 900 pulse treatment. Treated and control tumor volumes were monitored by ultrasound and apoptosis and angiogenesis markers were evaluated by immunohistochemistry. Seventy five percent of primary hepatocellular carcinoma tumors were eradicated with 900 hundred pulses at 100 ns pulses at 68 kV/cm in a single treatment or in three treatment sessions without recurrence within 9 months. Using quantitative analysis, tumors in treated animals showed nsPEF-mediated nuclear condensation (3 h post-pulse), cell shrinkage (1 h), increases in active executioner caspases (caspase-3 > −7 > −6) and terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick-end-labeling (1 h) with decreases in vascular endothelial growth factor expression (7d) and micro-vessel density (14d). NsPEF ablation eliminated hepatocellular carcinoma tumors by targeting two therapeutic sites, apoptosis induction and inhibition of angiogenesis, both important cancer hallmarks. These data indicate that PPA with nsPEFs is not limited to treating skin cancers and provide a rationale for continuing to investigate pulse power ablation for hepatocellular carcinoma using other models in pre-clinical applications and ultimately in clinical trials. Based on present treatments for specific HCC stages, it is anticipated that nsPEFs could be substituted for or used in combination with ablation therapies using heat, cold or chemicals.
Risk Management in Blood Transfusion Services

Risk is usually simplistically defined as the probability of an adverse outcome, under‐recognising the importance of perception. The intuitive centre of the risk structure is 1 in a million (10−6), the background risk of death in developed countries. In Australia, current risks of transmission of HIV and HCV by blood transfusion are about 10−6, the risk is higher for HBV and lower for HTLV1, but the risk of death from the infections is much less, particularly for HTLV1. When blood service professionals take risk related actions, their judgement must be tempered by contemporary political and social realities and the public's real and disproportionate horror of catastrophe
Impact of SAR on human head modeling in Elevators using IFA

This Paper proposes a pragmatic approach to determine and analyze the effects of radio frequency on human exposure. A scenario in which a Mobile Phone is used inside a partially closed elevator and fully closed Elevators is considered. Elevators are metallic enclosures but still are known to have resonance and reflection effects, thereby increasing electric field strength and resulting in change in levels of human exposure to Electromagnetic absorptions. So this paper examines and compares the levels of absorption in terms of SAR values under various conditions. In this paper a human phantom with dielectric properties is designed and its interaction is studied with IFA under three conditions free space, elevators in partially closed and full closed conditions. The results shows that SAR computation and its value seems to be increased in partially closed elevator and greatly in fully closed elevators as compared to free space. The method of computation uses MOM. Simulations are done by FEKO software
Efficient Modeling of Objects BRDF with Planned Sampling

: In this work we propose a novel method for modeling and synthesizing objects appearance based on planned sampling. The proposed method can e ﬃ ciently model the BRDF of an object with uniform and isotropic reﬂectance using a small number of light source directions. This is achieved by utilizing together the knowledge of the object’s shape along with the statistics of various BRDFs. The method considers the shape of the object, compact basis representing variations in a reﬂectance dataset, a ﬁxed view direction and all possible light source directions around the object. Then using an iterative optimization process which simulates the contribution of each light source in modeling the object appearance, our method identiﬁes the most suitable set of light source directions for e ﬃ ciently modeling the BRDF of the object’s material. The selected light sources are then used to acquire actual images of the object for recovering its reﬂectance properties. Experiments conducted using several objects with varying shapes and a small number of light sources optimally selected by the method validate the e ﬀ ectiveness of the proposed approach in modeling object appearance.
Agent based models of competitive speciation.

Competitive speciation is a complex evolutionary phenomenon that is result of many interacting factors. Feeding strategies, mate search tactics of females, and ecology influence the dynamics of competitive speciation. This dissertation explores novel aspects of competitive speciation that have not been addressed in existing models. Speciation due to competitive interactions alone is shown to be inherently instable. If conditions for competition change so does the resultant species system. The traditional 2-phase pattern view of sympatric speciation of a stable polymorphism followed by the evolution of assortative mating is shown to only apply to an environment with 2 abutting habitats. In an environment with a continuous resource distribution divergence of the population and evolution of assortative mating occur simultaneously. In existing models assortative mating and reproductive isolation are implicitly considered equivalent. In this dissertation it is found that the evolution of assortative mating does not automatically imply reproductive isolation. Sequential speciation events frequently occur and the number of species in a given environment is strongly influenced by the feeding strategy of individuals. Assortative mating plays a pivotal role in any sympatric speciation event but has so far been neglected as a research topic. Assortative mating is being studied here by comparing three mate search tactics. A hybrid tactic where females switch from threshold to best-of-n mating if they fail to find a mate with the default threshold tactic proves to be the most facilitative for speciation. Finally, competition in n-dimensional resource space has so far received very little attention. With the simulation platform developed for the present dissertation n-dimensional competition can be investigated. N-space competitive speciation is shown to be very constrained. Higher dimensional traits do not imply more species and independent or modularized dimensions inhibit population divergence. This dissertation introduces a modular Agent Based Modeling simulation platform. Such a simulation methodology makes it possible to address a wide range of research questions without compromising the inner logic of implemented models. The present modeling platform allows for a direct comparison of results since all simulations are based on the same model assumptions.
Neural Fuzzy Control of Ball and Beam System

This paper presents an offline control of ball and beam system using fuzzy logic. The objective is to control ball position and beam orientation using fuzzy controllers. A Matlab/Simulink model of the proposed system has been designed using Newton's equations of motion. The fuzzy controllers were built using seven gbell membership functions. The performance of proposed controllers was compared in terms of settling time, steady state error and overshoot. The simulation results are shown with the help of graphs and tables which illustrates the effectiveness and robustness of proposed technique.
Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder in adults: validity unknown 1

Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a commonly diagnosed childhood psychiatric disorder. Debate over its diagnostic validity, aetiology, presentation and treatment has extended from the clinical to the public domain. As children with ADHD diagnoses reach adulthood there is increasing interest in ‘adult ADHD’. Cohorts followed up show poorer outcomes as adults than do controls. Self-referred adults, sometimes relatives of children with ADHD, are also of interest regarding adult ADHD. Innovative work is being done examining issues of aetiology, treatment, outcomes and comorbidity in these groups, but heterogeneity among those diagnosed with ADHD and changes in classification systems and diagnostic criteria over time complicate comparison of research findings. The diagnostic validity of adult ADHD remains uncertain and needs further study.
Metabolic inflammation: Connecting obesity and insulin resistance

Insulin resistance is a pathological condition that arises when insulin signaling is impaired, forcing β-cells to produce more insulin in order to cope with body demands and to maintain glucose homeostasis. When the pancreas is no more able to support an appropriate insulin secretion, insulin resistance becomes decompensated and hyperglycemia is detected. One of the mechanisms leading to insulin resistance is low-grade inflammation that involves a number of protagonists such as inflammatory cytokines, lipids and their metabolites, reactive oxygen species (ROS), hypoxia and endoplasmic reticulum stress, and changes in gut microbiota profiles. We review here the molecular aspects of metabolic inflammation converging to insulin resistance and secondarily to type 2 diabetes. We also discuss the place of high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP) in the assessment of metabolic inflammation and potential therapeutic interventions aimed to impede inflammation and therefore prevent insulin resistance.
N‐methyl‐D‐aspartate‐evoked release of cyclo‐oxygenase products in rabbit hippocampus: An in vivo microdialysis study

In vivo microdialysis of the rabbit hippocampus was used to study the effects of N‐methyl‐D‐aspartate (NMDA) receptor stimulation on dialysate concentrations of thromboxane B2 (Tx B2)‐ and 6‐keto prostaglandin F1α (6‐keto PGF1α)‐immunoreactive materials that are stable metabolites of biologically active thromboxane A2 and prostacyclin. All pharmacological substances were applied in the dialysis medium. The application of 1 mM NMDA for 20 min resulted in five‐ and eightfold increases in Tx B2 and 6‐keto PGF1α concentrations, respectively. An increase in NMDA concentration to 2.5 mM did not potentiate a peak eicosanoid release, but significantly prolonged this effect. Either 10μM MK‐801 or the extrusion of Ca2+ from the dialysis medium inhibited the release by about 50%. Quinacrine, a phospholipase A2 inhibitor (250 μM), decreased the NMDA‐evoked eicosanoid release by 30%, whereas 10μM indomethacin, a cyclo‐oxygenase inhibitor, completely suppressed the release. One hundred micromolar furegrelate, an inhibitor of thromboxane synthase, reduced by 75% Tx B2 release with concomitant 100% increase in 6‐keto PGFμ formation. Thus, stimulation of NMDA receptors induces calcium‐dependent formation of thromboxane A2 and prostacyclin in the hippocampus, which may have pathophysiological implications. The neuronal site of their formation seems probable, although a transcellular mechanism of their synthesis should be also considered. © 1995 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Time domain oscillating poles: Stability redefined in Memristor based Wien-oscillators

Traditionally, the necessary and sufficient condition for any system to be oscillating is that its poles are located on the imaginary (jω) axis. In this paper, for the first time, we have shown that systems can oscillate with time-domain oscillating poles. The idea is verified using a Memristor based Wien oscillator. Sustained oscillations are observed without having the poles of the system fixed on the imaginary axis and the oscillating behavior of the system poles is reported. The oscillating resistance and triangular shape of FFT are also demonstrated with mathematical reasoning and simulation results to support the unusual and surprising characteristics.
Influences of cold exposure on digestion of organic matter, rates of passage of digesta in the gastrointestinal tract, and feeding and rumination behaviour in sheep given four forage diets in the chopped, or ground and pelleted form

1. Sixteen sheep, each fitted with cannulas in the rumen and proximal duodenum, were given four diets in the chopped or ground and pelleted form, at fixed intakes at intervals of 2 h. The sheep were closely shorn and exposed to temperatures of 22–25° or 1–4° for four periods of 45 d. Flow of duodenal digesta by reference to the markers CoEDTA and 103Ru-phenanthroline, chewing behaviour and particle size of rumen and duodenal digesta were measured. 2. Apparent digestibility of organic matter (OM) in the gastrointestinal tract was depressed (P < 0.05) by grinding and pelleting the diet, and by exposure of sheep to cold ambient temperatures. This was attributable to depression (P < 0.01) by 0.1 of OM digestion in the reticulo-rumen. No effects on intestinal digestion of OM were observed. 3. Cold ambient temperatures did not affect the content, but increased the rate of digestion for pelleted diets but not for chopped diets, of potentially-degradable cell-wall constituents of ground dietary material incubated in nylon-bags in the rumen. 4. Retention times of markers of the particulate and liquid phases of rumen digesta were not significantly (P < 0.05) affected by ambient temperature, despite significant (P < 0.001) increases in the rate of contraction of the reticulum. Retention time of 103Ru-phenanthroline in the intestines was not affected by cold exposure. 5. Cold exposure was associated with depression (P < 0.05) of volatile fatty acids concentration in the rumen and elevated (P < 0.05) pH. Molar proportions of acetic and isovaleric acid were reduced (P < 0.01), accompanied by increased (P < 0.001) proportions of propionic acid during cold exposure. 6. Cold exposure and pelleting of the diets were both associated with reduction in digesta particle size in the rumen. Duodenal particle size was not affected by cold exposure. Pelleting of the diet markedly reduced (P < 0.001) duration of chewing and number of chews/d during eating and rumination. Cold exposure of sheep resulted in a faster (P < 0.01) rate of eating of the diets. 7. When allowed to express their voluntary feed consumption during a 10 d period, intakes of chopped diets were increased by 0.13 (P < 0.01) by cold exposure, in contrast to lack of significant change in sheep given pellets. 8. The results did not support the hypothesis that the effect of cold exposure on digestion was dependent on the physical form of the diet given at fixed intake, but did indicate that increased voluntary feed consumption was a result of increased clearance of digesta from the rumen throdgh decreased rumen particle size and increased reticulum motility.
Dromotropic effects of oral theophylline in patients with atrial fibrillation and a slow ventricular response.

Theophylline increases sinus rate, but as yet its use has not been investigated in patients with chronic atrioventricular conduction disturbances. Resting electrocardiogram, 24-h Holter recording and treadmill test were performed in 17 patients with chronic atrial fibrillation and a slow ventricular response not related to drugs (age: 75 +/- 8 years). Then slow-release theophylline was administered (700 mg daily) and after 5 days these investigations were repeated with the same methods. Theophylline increased mean resting heart rate (51 +/- 6 versus 67 +/- 13 beats.min-1, P less than 0.01), mean 24-h heart rate (51 +/- 6 versus 68 +/- 14 beats.min-1, P less than 0.01) and minimal 24-h heart rate (32 +/- 6 versus 42 +/- 11 beats.min-1, P less than 0.01). Cardiac pauses greater than 2.5 s were present in 13 patients during control recording; after theophylline they disappeared in 11 and markedly decreased in the remaining two. The longest R-R interval decreased in all patients (3218 +/- 943 versus 2121 +/- 518 ms, P less than 0.01). The daily number of wide QRS complexes increased in 16 out of 17 patients (428 +/- 752 versus 1146 +/- 1464 ms, P less than 0.01). Exercise heart rate, evaluated at the end of first and second stage, was higher after theophylline than during control test (P less than 0.01). These data suggest that oral theophylline can represent a valid therapy in most patients with atrial fibrillation and a slow ventricular response.
CONVOLUTION AND APPLICATIONS OF CONVOLUTION

We introduce an integral transform related to a Fourier sine-Fourier Fourier cosine generalized convolution and prove a Watson type theorem for the transform. As applications we obtain solutions of some integral equations in closed form. Convolution describes the output (in terms of the input) of an important class of operations known as linear time-invariant (LTI). See LTI system theory for a derivation of convolution as the result of LTI constraints. In terms of the Fourier transforms of the input and output of an LTI operation, no new frequency components are created. The existing ones are only modified (amplitude and/or phase). In other words, the output transform is the pointwise product of the input transform with a third transform (known as a transfer function). See Convolution theorem for a derivation of that property of convolution. Conversely, convolution can be derived as the inverse Fourier transform of the pointwise product of two Fourier transforms.
Gastrointestinal microorganisms in cats and dogs: a brief review Microorganismos gastrointestinales en gatos y perros: una revisión breve

El tracto gastrointestinal (GI) de animales contiene diferentes tipos de microorganismos conocido como la microbiota GI. Por mucho tiempo, la microbiota GI ha generado interés porque los microorganismos GI están involucrados en múltiples procesos fisiológicos en el hospedero, así perpetuando salud o enfermedad. Estudios recientes han demostrado que la microbiota GI de gatos y perros es tan compleja como en humanos y otros animales, revelado con el uso de tecnologías de secuencia modernas y otras técnicas moleculares. La microbiota GI incluye miembros de todos los tres dominios principales de vida (Archaea, Bacterias y Eucariotas), pero las bacterias son el grupo de microorganismos más abundante y metabólicamente activo. El estómago de gatos y perros esta principalmente poblado de Helicobacter spp. , el cual en perros puede representar tanto como el 98% de toda la microbiota bacteriana en el estómago. El intestino delgado contiene una microbiota más diversa, conteniendo representantes de al menos cinco diferentes filos bacterianos (principalmente Firmicutes y Bacteroidetes). El intestino grueso contiene el grupo de bacterias más abundante (~10 células bacterianas por gramo de contenido intestinal), diverso (al menos diez diferentes filos han sido detectados) y metabólicamente relevante en el tracto GI. La mayoría de las bacterias en el intestino grueso son anaerobios estrictos, los cuales dependen de la fermentación de sustancias no digeridas para subsistir. Aunque estudios recientes han dilucidado las complejidades de la microbiota GI en gatos y perros, más investigación todavía es necesaria para encontrar maneras de manipular exitosamente los microorganismos GI para prevenir y/o tratar enfermedades GI.
Cloning and chromosome mapping of human and chicken Iroquois (IRX) genes

Three highly homologous homeobox genes (caupolican, araucan and mirror) have been identified in Drosophila. These genes belong to the novel Iroquois complex, which acts as a pre-pattern molecule in Drosophila neurogenesis. Recently several vertebrate Iroquois homologues (Irx) were isolated and found to be involved in pattern formation of various tissues. Here we report cytogenetic mapping of four human and five chicken Iroquois genes by FISH. Our findings revealed that vertebrate Irx genes are clustered at two different loci.
Cell Cycle Dynamics of Cultured Coral Endosymbiotic Microalgae (Symbiodinium) Across Different Types (Species) Under Alternate Light and Temperature Conditions

Dinoflagellates of the genus Symbiodinium live in symbiosis with many invertebrates, including reef‐building corals. Hosts maintain this symbiosis through continuous regulation of Symbiodinium cell density via expulsion and degradation (postmitotic) and/or constraining cell growth and division through manipulation of the symbiont cell cycle (premitotic). Importance of premitotic regulation is unknown since little data exists on cell cycles for the immense genetic diversity of Symbiodinium. We therefore examined cell cycle progression for several distinct SymbiodiniumITS2‐types (B1, C1, D1a). All types exhibited typical microalgal cell cycle progression, G1 phase through to S phase during the light period, and S phase to G2/M phase during the dark period. However, the proportion of cells in these phases differed between strains and reflected differences in growth rates. Undivided larger cells with 3n DNA content were observed especially in type D1a, which exhibited a distinct cell cycle pattern. We further compared cell cycle patterns under different growth light intensities and thermal regimes. Whilst light intensity did not affect cell cycle patterns, heat stress inhibited cell cycle progression and arrested all strains in G1 phase. We discuss the importance of understanding Symbiodinium functional diversity and how our findings apply to clarify stability of host‐Symbiodinium symbioses.
A survey of automated biometric authentication techniques

Biometric authentication refers to the automatic identification of a person by analyzing their physiological and/or behavioral characteristics or traits. Since many physiological and behavioral characteristics are unique to an individual, biometrics provides a more reliable system of authentication than ID cards, keys, passwords, or other traditional systems. A wide variety of organizations are using automated person authentication systems to improve customer satisfaction, operating efficiency as well as to secure critical resources. Now a day an increasing number of countries including India have decided to adopt biometric systems for national security and identity theft prevention, which makes biometrics an important component in security-related applications such as: logical and physical access control, forensic investigation, IT security, identity fraud protection, and terrorist prevention or detection. Various biometric authentication techniques are available for identifying an individual by measuring fingerprint, hand, face, signature, voice or a combination of these traits. New biometric algorithms and technologies are proposed, tested, reviewed, and implemented every year. This paper aims to give a brief overview of the field of biometrics and summarize various biometric authentication techniques including its strengths and limitations.
Modulation of sebum excretion from the follicular reservoir by a dichlorophenyl‐imidazoldioxolan

The dichlorophenyl‐imidazoldioxolan elubiol is used for skin and hair care in subjects with oily skin or dandruff. A study was conducted in 14 men to evaluate by non‐invasive methods the effect of long‐term use of elubiol on the sebum output at the skin surface. Measures were made using the Sebumeter SM810 and Sebutapes. Data show a progressive decrease in skin oiliness at the forehead site treated by elubiol compared to the contralateral control site. The function of the follicular reservoir appears to be affected without significant primary change in the sebaceous gland activity.