Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Planck Pre-Launch Status: The Planck Mission

The European Space Agency's Planck satellite, launched on 14 May 2009, is the third-generation space experiment in the field of cosmic microwave background (CMB) research. It will image the anisotropies of the CMB over the whole sky, with unprecedented sensitivity ( ~ 2 × 10-6) and angular resolution (~5 arcmin). Planck will provide a major source of information relevant to many fundamental cosmological problems and will test current theories of the early evolution of the Universe and the origin of structure. It will also address a wide range of areas of astrophysical research related to the Milky Way as well as external galaxies and clusters of galaxies. The ability of Planck to measure polarization across a wide frequency range (30-350 GHz), with high precision and accuracy, and over the whole sky, will provide unique insight, not only into specific cosmological questions, but also into the properties of the interstellar medium. This paper is part of a series which describes the technical capabilities of the Planck scientific payload. It is based on the knowledge gathered during the on-ground calibration campaigns of the major subsystems, principally its telescope and its two scientific instruments, and of tests at fully integrated satellite level. It represents the best estimate before launch of the technical performance that the satellite and its payload will achieve in flight. In this paper, we summarise the main elements of the payload performance, which is described in detail in the accompanying papers. In addition, we describe the satellite performance elements which are most relevant for science, and provide an overview of the plans for scientific operations and data analysis.
Critical review attacks and countermeasures in internet of things enabled environments

Internet of Things (IoT) generally referred as Industry 4.0, Now a day’s Application Areas are everywhere like Smart Transportation, Smart Construction, Fitness monitoring, Energy Supervision, Construction managing, Environmental Supervise, Groceries supply chain. IoT has a compound network of smart nodes; information sending and receiving of nodes are through the Internet. In this process, it is vulnerable to attacks. In This paper, we review the possible attacks with respect to Cisco-Seven Layer model.
Tuition Fees and Student Achievement - Evidence from a Differential Raise in Fees

This study analyses the effect of an increase in college costs on student achievement, particularly time-to-degree and performance. I exploit a unique policy at a Swiss university to identify and estimate the causal effect of an increase in tuition. Students faced an unexpected raise in tuition. This raise varied substantially across different students. The fees were increased by 81.7% for international students and by 20.2% for Swiss students. This variation allows me to follow a difference-in-differences strategy. I formally discuss identification with multiple treatments. I find at best modest effects of the increase on student achievement. Results suggest small positive anticipation effects on the probability to graduate and the credit accumulation for students at the end of their studies. These increased effort levels do not affect the grade average of the students. After the raise, the effects on the probability to graduate and the credit accumulation disappear. There is weak evidence of negative effects on credit accumulation and grades for students further away from graduation.
FERMI-LAT OBSERVATIONS OF HIGH- AND INTERMEDIATE-VELOCITY CLOUDS: TRACING COSMIC RAYS IN THE HALO OF THE MILKY WAY

It is widely accepted that cosmic rays (CRs) up to at least PeV energies are Galactic in origin. Accelerated particles are injected into the interstellar medium where they propagate to the farthest reaches of the Milky Way, including a surrounding halo. The composition of CRs coming to the solar system can be measured directly and has been used to infer the details of CR propagation that are extrapolated to the whole Galaxy. In contrast, indirect methods, such as observations of γ-ray emission from CR interactions with interstellar gas, have been employed to directly probe the CR densities in distant locations throughout the Galactic plane. In this article we use 73 months of data from the Fermi Large Area Telescope in the energy range between 300 MeV and 10 GeV to search for γ-ray emission produced by CR interactions in several high- and intermediate-velocity clouds (IVCs) located at up to ∼7 kpc above the Galactic plane. We achieve the first detection of IVCs in γ rays and set upper limits on the emission from the remaining targets, thereby tracing the distribution of CR nuclei in the halo for the first time. We find that the γ-ray emissivity per H atom decreases with increasing distance from the plane at 97.5% confidence level. This corroborates the notion that CRs at the relevant energies originate in the Galactic disk. The emissivity of the upper intermediate-velocity Arch hints at a 50% decline of CR densities within 2 kpc from the plane. We compare our results to predictions of CR propagation models.
TRICHOBOTHRIAL PATTERNS DURING POSTEMBRYONIC DEVELOPMENT OF CYCLOSA CONICA (PALLAS, 1772) (ARANEAE, ARANEIDAE)

The trichobothrial pattern was studied during the postembryonic development of Cyclosa conica. Juvenile and adult specimens have the same trichobothrial pattern but a different number of setae. The considerable difference in the number of trichobothria on the tibias of immature specimens allowed separation into four groups. The distinction in trichobothrial number and pattern between pedipalps of adult male and female spiders is also noted. Mature and imma- ture specimens have the same number of trichobothria on metatarsi I and II.
High-resolution scanning coherent X-ray diffraction microscopy

Scanning transmission x-ray microscopy (STXM) and coherent diffractive imaging (CDI) are imaging techniques that have evolved quite separately. STXM features straightforward data analysis but its resolution is limited by the spot size on the specimen. As for CDI, its promises to reach resolutions below 10nm are often hindered by many stringent requirements on the quality of the collected datasets and on the characteristics of the specimen. We describe a ptychographic imaging method that addresses these challenges by bridging the gap between CDI and STXM through the collection of coherent diffraction patterns at each point of a STXM scan. We demonstrate this approach in a hard X-ray experiment, obtaining a five-fold improvement in resolution compared to the focal spot dimensions. The reconstruction algorithm extracts from the data not only the complex-valued transmission function of the specimen but also the complete structure of the wavefield incident on it. The method is expected to allow high-resolution imaging of a wide range of materials and life science specimens.
Optimizing Approach for Sifting Process to Solve a Common Type of Empirical Mode Decomposition Mode Mixing

—Empirical mode decomposition (EMD), a new data-driven of time-series decomposition, has the advantage of supposing that a time series is non-linear or non-stationary, as is implicitly achieved in Fourier decomposition. However, the EMD suffers of mode mixing problem in some cases. The aim of this paper is to present a solution for a common type of signals causing of EMD mode mixing problem, in case a signal suffers of an intermittency. By an artiﬁcial example, the solution shows superior performance in terms of cope EMD mode mixing problem comparing with the conventional EMD and Ensemble Empirical Mode decomposition (EEMD). Furthermore, the over-sifting problem is also completely avoided; and computation load is reduced roughly six times compared with EEMD, an ensemble number of 50 .
THE NESTING OF THE COMMON RAVEN Corvus corax ON THE ELECTRICITY PYLONS IN THE BARANYA AREA Gniježđenje gavrana Corvus corax na stupovima dalekovoda u Baranji

The Common Raven is a habitat generalist breeding throughout forested and open regions of the Northern Hemisphere. The species has undergone a large increase over the last 40 years in Europe. In the same period, it has begun to nest on pylons of the transmission lines; nowadays, it is a common phenomenon in Europe, including the eastern lowland areas of Croatia. In this study, surveys of the Common Raven nests were conducted on eight power lines in the area of Baranya in Eastern Croatia in 2006 and 2016 respectively. In 2006, 23 active Common Raven nests were found along seven power lines, while in 2016, 37 nests were recorded on eight lines, with a population increase of 60.9%. The average breeding density in 2016 was 3.3 pairs per 10 km of line, while the average frequency of occupied pylons was 10.2%. The mean distance between neighbouring nests amounted to 3128 m, and the distribution of nests along the power lines was probably affected by food availability. The majority of pylons supporting a Common Raven nest was placed in open agricultural areas (81.1%). Power lines proved to be important landscape elements in the avian conservation point of view.
Where to Focus for Successful Adoption of Building Information Modeling within Organization

AbstractSuggestions abound for successful adoption of building information modeling (BIM); however, a company with limited resources cannot adopt them all. The factors that have top management priority for successful accomplishment of a task are termed critical success factors (CSFs). This paper aims to derive the CSFs for four questions commonly asked by companies in the first wave of BIM adoption: (1) What are the CSFs for adopting BIM in a company? (2) What are the CSFs for selecting projects to deploy BIM? (3) What are the CSFs for selecting BIM services? (4) What are the CSFs for selecting company-appropriate BIM software applications? A list of consideration factors was collected for each question, based on a literature review, and then refined through face-to-face interviews based on experiences of BIM experts. An international survey was conducted with leading BIM experts. From the 206 distributed surveys, 52 responses from four continents were collected. This study used quantitative data analysis.
Pay-offs and penalties of competing migratory schedules

We relate variation in the timing of arrival by migrating birds breeding at northerly latitudes to individual differences in the prior accumulation of energy stores. Balancing starvation risks early in the season against the almost universal declining trend in reproductive prospects with advancing date is seen as an individual decision with fitness consequences. We review three studies implicating events at the staging sites or in winter in setting the individual migratory schedule. Climate change influences the timetable of a pied flycatcher (Ficedula hypoleuca) population breeding in The Netherlands and wintering in West Africa, followed since 1960. Mean air temperature in the period mid April-mid May (arrival and laying) increased and laying date advanced by 10 days. Still, in recent years most birds did not lay early enough to maximise fitness (determined by recruitment and parental survival) whereas many parents achieved this goal in 1980-1985. As the flycatchers have not started to arrive earlier, some ecological constraint further upstream is postulated (possibly the hurdle of the crossing of Sahara and Mediterranean). The ability to follow individual migrants provides a second avenue to assess the fitness implications of migratory schedules. Thus, brightly coloured male bar-tailed godwits (Limosa lapponica) captured in the Dutch Wadden Sea (the intermediate staging site linking a West African wintering area with breeding sites in arctic Russia) and traced with miniature radio-transmitters did not depart early. The 'best' males (with bright breeding plumage) were picked up by the listening stations in Sweden 650 km further along the migratory route ten days later than the paler individuals. If early arrival confers the competitive advantage of prior occupancy but increases mortality, the 'best' males may be able to afford arriving later and thus avoid some of the survival costs. Return rate of the 'bright' males to the staging site in later seasons was indeed higher than for the 'pale', early males. Intensive observation of pink-footed geese (Anser brachyrhynchus) fitted with coded neck-collars substantiate the tight relationship between energy stores (fat) accumulated up to final departure from the final staging site (Vesteralen, N. Norway) en route to the nesting grounds (Spitsbergen) and subsequent success. The breeding outcome of individual parents (accompanied by juveniles or not) could be related to observations of body condition before departure (visual 'abdominal profile index'). Recently, perceived conflicts with agriculture have resulted in widespread harassment by humans. The geese have: drastically shortened their stay on the Vesteralen, fail to achieve the body condition usual a decade ago and reproductive output has fallen. Although the geese are currently pioneering new staging sites, an adequate alternative has not materialised, underlining the critical role of the final take-off site.
HIGH STEP-UP HIGH GAIN DC-DC BOOST CONVERTER BASED ON COUPLED INDUCTOR METHODOLOGY

A single switch high gain coupled inductor boost converter with closed loop control for low switch voltage stress. In this converter input energy acquired from the source is first stored in the magnetic field of coupled inductor and intermediate capacitor. In subsequent stages, it is passed on to the output section for load consumption. A passive clamp network around the primary inductor ensures the recovery of energy trapped in the leakage inductance, leading to drastic improvement in the voltage gain and efficiency of the system. Exorbitant duty cycle values are not required for high voltage gain, which prevents problems such as diode reverse recovery. Presence of a passive clamp network causes reduced voltage stress on the switch. This enables the use of low voltage rating switch (with low “on-state” resistance), improving the overall efficiency of the system. Closed loop simulation using PID controller of the converter is done with 40 V DC input and 400W output power. Keywords—Coupled inductor, high voltage gain, passive clamp, switched capacitor ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________
PRECISION MEASUREMENT OF THE MOST DISTANT SPECTROSCOPICALLY CONFIRMED SUPERNOVA Ia WITH THE HUBBLE SPACE TELESCOPE

We report the discovery of a redshift 1.71 supernova in the GOODS-North field. The Hubble Space Telescope (HST) ACS spectrum has almost negligible contamination from the host or neighboring galaxies. Although the rest-frame-sampled range is too blue to include any Si ii line, a principal component analysis allows us to confirm it as a Type Ia supernova with 92% confidence. A recent serendipitous archival HST WFC3 grism spectrum contributed a key element of the confirmation by giving a host-galaxy redshift of 1.713 ± 0.007. In addition to being the most distant SN Ia with spectroscopic confirmation, this is the most distant Ia with a precision color measurement. We present the ACS WFC and NICMOS 2 photometry and ACS and WFC3 spectroscopy. Our derived supernova distance is in agreement with the prediction of ΛCDM.
Leader-Member Exchange, Efficacy and Job Performance: A Cognitive Perspective Interpretation

The traditional literature focuses on the research of the direct influence which leadership-member exchange has on the employees’ work performance while lacks of in-depth exploration of its internal mechanisms. This essay sets from the perspective of employee cognitive, introduces relative hypothesis of Processing Efficiency Theory and builds a comprehensive model of the influence which leadership-member exchange has on the employees’ work performance under the action of internal and external efficacy. After the questionnaire inquiry of 420 employees and their supervisors, the conclusions are: leadership member exchange has a positive impact on employees’ work performance and self-efficacy act as an intermediary between the two. In addition, the mediate function is adjusted by means efficacy.
Effect of Ti-B Grain Refiner on Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of a New Super High Strength Aluminum Al-Cu-Mg-Zn Cast Alloy

This work has been investigated on the effect of Ti-B grain refiner on a new super high strength aluminum Al-Cu-Mg-Zn cast alloy with high amounts of Zn (15%). To find the optimum, deferent amounts of TiB were added. 0.05% Ti-B was found the optimum amount and enhanced tensile strength, yield strength and elongation values about 20%, 23% and 100% respectively. Microstructural investigations showed that grain and cellular size decreased (approximately 30%). It means Ti-B could act as a heterogenic nucleation substrate and reduced the grain size of alloy. It also optimizes the morphology and size distribution of dendrites and results in homogenous distribution of eutectic structure between dendrite arms. Fractographic examinations of fractured surfaces of specimens illustrated that Ti-B reduced the eliminated contraction porosities and it also reduced the size if features on the fracture surface. Also, a dimple-like fracture mechanism appeared, however, the fracture still had a cleavage surface.
Nové biomarkery v akutní kardiologii

Ateroskleroza je podle soucasne představy dynamickým procesem, na jehož pocatku je endotelialni dysfunkce se vznikem platu a jeho kritickým vyvrcholenim je ruptura vulnerabilniho platu s naslednou trombozou, odpovidajici za akutni ischemickou přihodu. I přes soucasne pokroky v lecbě akutnich koronarnich syndromů (AKS) dochazi u casti nemocných k remodelaci a dysfunkci leve komory (LK) a tato skupina nemocných ma významně horsi prognozu. Identifikace nemocneho s vulnerabilnim platem ci platy v koronarnich tepnach před erozi ci rupturou a casna identifikace remodelace a dysfunkce LK je tak velkým cilem soucasne kardiologie. Cilem tohoto přehledu je shrnout soucasne znalosti a zakladni charakteristiky některých nových biomarkerů v akutni kardiologii, ktere maji potencial kandidatů klinickeho použiti pro rizikovou stratifikaci nemocných s AKS, casnou detekci rozvoje dysfunkce LK a možnou monitoraci lecby.
A Multicenter , Double-Blind , Placebo-Controlled Trial of Autologous Fibroblast Therapy ( Azficel-T ) for the Treatment of Nasolabial Fold Wrinkles

RESULTS Three hundred seventy-two subjects were enrolled and underwent treatment. Seventy-eight percent of subjects treated with azficel-T and 48% of subjects treated with placebo achieved at least a 1-point improvement on the subject assessment at 6 months (p < 0.001), and 64% of subjects treated with azficel-T and 36% of those treated with placebo showed at least a 1–point improvement evaluator’s assessment (p < 0.001). Adverse events were generally mild, and the treatment was well tolerated.
Economic and Social Impact of Tourism on a Small Town: Peterborough New Hampshire

This study examined the perceived impacts of tourism on the lives of people from a small New England town. Twenty seven in-depth unstructured interviews were conducted. The study found that most people perceive both positive and negative impacts of tourism and do not want to change their town for increased tourism development even if it results in increased revenue. People recognized tourism’s benefit to the town’s economy but less so to their economic situation. Working locals expressed worry regarding the town’s gradually polarized economy and divided social classes and regard tourism as one of the causes. Wealthier members generally view tourism at its present level as beneficial. For further tourism development Peterborough’ population will need to solve this dilemma.
Prediction of User Context Using Smartphone Activity Data

Abstract : When a person seeks another persons attention, it is of prime importance to assess how interruptible the other person is. Since smartphones are ubiquitously used as communication media these days, interruptibility prediction on smartphones has started to attract great interest from both academia and industry. Previous studies, in general, attempted to model interruptibility using the behaviors at the current moment and in the immediate past (e.g., 5 minutes before). However, a persons interruptibility at a certain moment is indeed affected by his/her preceding behaviors for several reasons. Motivated by this long-term effect, in this project we propose a novel methodology of extracting features based on past behaviors from smartphone sensor data. The primary difference from previous studies is that we systematically consider a longer history of up to a day in addition to the current point and the immediate past. To represent behaviors in a day accurately and compactly, our methodology divides a day into multiple timeslots and then, for each timeslot, derives relevant features such as the temporal shapes of the time series of the sensor data. In order to verify the advantage of our methodology, we collected a data set of smartphone usage from 25 participants for four weeks and obtained a license to a large-scale public data set constructed from 907 users over approximately 9 months. The experimental results on the two data sets show that looking back to the beginning of the current day improves prediction accuracy by up to 13 and 8 , respectively, compared with the baseline and state-of-the-art methods.
LINKAGES IN A DIRECTED GRAPH WITH PARITY RESTRICTIONS

Given a digraph D and a graph G with common vertex set V and a set T of terminals in V , we give a necessary and sufficient condition for the existence of a k-edge matching of G whose vertex set is linked to T by vertex-disjoint dipaths of D. The result we obtain is a common generalisation of the Tutte-Berge formula and Menger’s Theorem.
Effects of different inputs of organic matter on the response of plant production to a soil water stress in Sahelian region

The aim was to study the effects of organic management like the application of organic matters on crop production. This research is placed in the context of climate change impact mitigation. A field experiment was conducted during the dry season. Rainfall inputs were simulated by irrigation to study the effects of water stress during the flowering period of a grain on the agronomic and the physiological behavior of the plant. The measurements were made on the volumetric soil moisture, stomatal conductance, and leaf area index (LAI), grain yield, straw and weight of 100 grains. The water use efficiency (WUE) and yield losses were evaluated. The results of the volumetric soil moisture showed that the use of localized input under water stress (STR-T1) recorded the lowest moisture in the surface horizons. Treatment with localized input under water stress with or without fertilization (STR-T1, STR-T1 + N) showed an ability of stomatal regulation compared to the control (STR- T0) and the input application by spreading (STR- T2). (STR-T1 + N) has initiated an early stomatal closure of the plant because of the effect of nitrogen. However, despite a more pronounced water stress with stomatal closure, the LAI and the grain yield were greater with (STR-T1) and (STR-T1 + N). The results showed that the inputs of localized organic fertilization with or without nitrogen grain yields were the highest regardless of the hydric regime applied. However the losses of grain yield were higher in treatments with organic inputs in spreading and localized under water stress. The WUE by the crop was reduced compared to the control with organic inputs under STR. In this study we show that the use of organic matter increases de farmers risk and this notion of risk is high and it is necessary to consider this risk in the proposals of technical innovations.