Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Da normatividade da definição de sucesso escolar no ensino superior à pluralidade das vivências estudantis: trajetórias e perfis de mobilidade na Universidade de Lisboa

Nesta comunicacao pretendemos interrogar a definicao estatistica de sucesso, proposta pela OCDE e adoptada pelos estabelecimentos de ensino superior em Portugal: «a taxa de sucesso no ensino superior e definida como a proporcao dos entrados pela 1a vez num dado ciclo de estudos que completam com sucesso esse ciclo. E calculada pelo racio do numero de estudantes diplomados em relacao ao numero de estudantes entrados pela 1a vez nesse ciclo n anos antes, sendo n o numero de anos de estudo requeridos para completar o referido ciclo. ” (OCDE, 2004, citado in OCES, 2006:3). Esta definicao institucional hegemonica, baseada na sequencialidade e linearidade das trajetorias escolares, mostra-se, em nosso entender, incapaz de dar conta da multiplicidade de configuracoes que os percursos estudantis no ensino superior assumem. E por isso que esta visao redutora do sucesso escolar, que pressupoe um padrao de trajetoria unico, associado a uma figura exclusiva de aluno - a do estudante a tempo inteiro, totalmente disponivel para desempenhar o seu oficio de aluno -, nao contempla nem a possibilidade de serem trilhados outros percursos alternativos, mais lentos e eventualmente mais intermitentes, protagonizados por jovens ou adultos que conciliam a condicao estudantil, com o exercicio de uma atividade profissional e, nalguns casos, com responsabilidades familiares; nem a possibilidade de reorientacoes vocacionais materializadas em mudancas de curso. Que percursos-tipo de sucesso, insucesso e abandono protagonizam os estudantes do 1o ano da Universidade de Lisboa? E a questao a que nos propomos responder com base num inquerito por questionario aplicado on line, no âmbito do Projeto “Insucesso e abandono escolares na Universidade de Lisboa: cenarios e percursos” desenvolvido na Reitoria da Universidade de Lisboa, em Novembro de 2009, a todos os estudantes de licenciatura que se tinham matriculado na Universidade de Lisboa no ano letivo 2008-2009. A analise realizada permitiu-nos identificar tipos diferentes de trajectorias e de perfis de mobilidade que dao conta da multiplicidade de configuracoes que o sucesso, o insucesso e o abandono assumem e que contribuem para interrogar a definicao normativa de sucesso no ensino superior que implicitamente veicula uma figura unica de estudantes e apenas aceita como legitimos e desejaveis os percursos academicos continuos e lineares.
Weighted Micro-Clustering: Application to Community Detection in Large-Scale Co-Purchasing Networks with User Attributes

We propose a simple and scalable method for soft community detection that makes use of both graph structures and vertex attributes. Our method is based on micro-clustering, which is a scalable and efficient clique-based method for detecting overlapping communities in unweighted graphs. We extend this method to graphs with vertex attributes so that we can make use of information supplied by vertex attributes. Our method still requires the same time complexity as micro-clustering. We confirm the validity and efficiency of our method by applying it to a large-scale co-purchasing network of real online auction data.
Neutral oligosaccharides in colostrum in relation to maternal allergy and allergy development in children up to 18 months of age

Several recent studies have demonstrated a relationship between the composition of the gut microbiota in infancy and subsequent development of allergic disease. Human milk is the major food in infancy and may thus profoundly influence the composition of the gut flora. Oligosaccharides in breast milk survive the passage through the stomach and are utilized by the gut microbiota. As the relationship between breast feeding and childhood allergy is controversial we hypothesized that the composition of oligosaccharides in breast milk might explain the controversy. Nine of the most abundant neutral oligosaccharides in human milk were analysed in colostrum samples from allergic and non‐allergic women and related to subsequent development of allergy in their children. The carbohydrate fraction of the colostrum was separated by gel permeation chromatography and neutral oligosaccharides, tri‐ to hexasaccharides were collected. Neutral oligosaccharides were analysed with high‐performance liquid chromatography. There was a large variation in the concentration of neutral oligosaccharides in colostrum, which could not be explained by the allergic status of the women. Allergic children consumed higher amounts of neutral oligosaccharides in total, although not significantly (p = 0.12). When different oligosaccharides were analysed separately, there was no significant difference in consumption between the infants who developed atopic allergy later (n = 9) and infants who did not (n = 11). Thus, the amount of neutral oligosaccharides in colostrum does not directly correlate with maternal allergy, nor with allergy development in children up to 18 months of age.
Prevalence and risk factors of lower urinary tract symptoms in Chinese adult men: a multicentre cross-sectional study

There has been no previous population-based study reporting the prevalence and risk factors of male lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) among men in mainland China. This cross-sectional study was conducted from 2013 to 2014 in three representative provinces of China: Guangdong, Hubei and Jiangsu. 3250 individuals participated in the interviews, which involved a questionnaire covering sociodemographic characteristics, lifestyle, dietary patterns and the International Prostate Symptom Score (IPSS). Blood was collected for lipids, glucose, insulin and reproductive hormone tests. The incidences of LUTS and its obstructive and irritative symptoms were calculated. Risk factors for LUTS were identified using multivariable logistic regression analysis. The prevalence of moderate to severe LUTS and its obstructive and irritative symptoms was 14.3%, 13.1% and 16.1%, respectively, and increased with age. The prevalence in Guangdong was much lower than that in Hubei and Jiangsu in different ages. Increased fasting plasma glucose and decreased HDL-C levels were associated with an increased risk of moderate to severe LUTS (OR = 1.30, 95% CI: 1.02–1.65 and OR = 2.06, 95% CI: 1.08–3.94, respectively). Free testosterone < 0.22 ng/ml decreased the risk of moderate to severe LUTS and obstructive and irritative symptoms by about 20–30%. An inadequate daily intake of vegetables, fruit and water significantly increased the risk of LUTS by 1.3–to 2.0 times. In conclusion, the prevalence of LUTS in Chinese men is high and increases with age. Dietary patterns may be critical for the development of LUTS. Thus, dietary modifications could be a useful strategy for preventing the development of LUTS.
Regulation of gene expression by dietary Ca2+ in kidneys of 25-hydroxyvitamin D3-1 alpha-hydroxylase knockout mice.

BACKGROUND Pseudovitamin D deficiency rickets (PDDR) is an autosomal disease, characterized by undetectable levels of 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 (1,25(OH)2D3), rickets and secondary hyperparathyroidism. Mice in which the 25-hydroxyvitamin D3-1 alpha-hydroxylase (1 alpha-OHase) gene was inactivated, presented the same clinical phenotype as patients with PDDR. METHODS cDNA Microarray technology was used on kidneys of 1 alpha-OHase knockout mice to study the expression profile of renal genes in this Ca2+-related disorder. Genome wide molecular events that occur during the rescue of these mice by high dietary Ca2+ intake were studied by the use of 15K cDNA microarray chips. RESULTS 1 alpha-OHase knockout mice fed a normal Ca2+ diet developed severe hypocalcemia, rickets and died with an average life span of 12 +/- 2 weeks. Intriguingly, 1 alpha-OHase-/- mice supplemented with an enriched Ca2+ diet were normocalcemic and not significantly different from wild-type mice. Inactivation of the 1 alpha-OHase gene resulted in a significant regulation of +/- 1000 genes, whereas dietary Ca2+ supplementation of the 1 alpha-OHase-/- mice revealed +/- 2000 controlled genes. Interestingly, 557 transcripts were regulated in both situations implicating the involvement in the dietary Ca2+-mediated rescue mechanism of the 1 alpha-OHase-/- mice. Conspicuous regulated genes encoded for signaling molecules like the PDZ-domain containing protein channel interacting protein, FK binding protein type 4, kinases, and importantly Ca2+ transporting proteins including the Na+-Ca2+ exchanger, calbindin-D28K and the Ca2+ sensor calmodulin. CONCLUSION Dietary Ca2+ intake normalized disturbances in the Ca2+ homeostasis due to vitamin D deficiency that were accompanied by the regulation of a subset of renal genes, including well-known renal Ca2+ transport protein genes, but also genes not previously identified as playing a role in renal Ca2+ handling.
Overtime reliability of medial temporal lobe atrophy rating in a clinical setting

Background Medial temporal lobe atrophy (MTA) is one of the first magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) signs in patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD) and used as a measure of disease progression. Visual assessment of MTA is easy to perform but the reliability of MTA rating over time has not been studied. Purpose To investigate what happens to the MTA rating scores if two radiologists rate the same MRI scans six times over a period of 1 year. Material and Methods One hundred outpatients were included in this study. All patients underwent MRI with a protocol and sequences used for geriatric patients, according to local clinical standards. One neuroradiologist and one general radiologist independently of each other performed retrospective visual assessments of MTA six times, using the same scans, over a period of 1 year. Results Intra-rater kappa varied between κ 0.65 and 0.84 for the neuroradiologist and κ 0.38 and 0.74 for the general radiologist. Intra-rater weighted kappa (wκ) values showed almost perfect agreement for both investigators (wκ 0.83–0.94). Inter-rater reliability showed fair to moderate agreement, with the kappa value varying from κ 0.29 to 0.48 and weighted kappa values ranging from wκ 0.72 to 0.84. There was a statistically significant difference in rating between the two investigators. Conclusion Visual assessment of MTA repeated over time has a high grade of reproducibility when performed by an experienced investigator. The reproducibility drops when assessment is rarely performed. Inter-rater reliability is low when two investigators not working together are compared.
Structural patterns for document engineering: from an empirical bottom-up analysis to an ontological theory

This thesis aims at investigating a new approach to document analysis based on the idea of structural patterns in XML vocabularies. My work is founded on the belief that authors do naturally converge to a reasonable use of markup languages and that extreme, yet valid instances are rare and limited. Actual documents, therefore, may be used to derive classes of elements (patterns) persisting across documents and distilling the conceptualization of the documents and their components, and may give ground for automatic tools and services that rely on no background information (such as schemas) at all. The central part of my work consists in introducing from the ground up a formal theory of eight structural patterns (with three sub-patterns) that are able to express the logical organization of any XML document, and verifying their identifiability in a number of different vocabularies. This model is characterized by and validated against three main dimensions: terseness (i.e. the ability to represent the structure of a document with a small number of objects and composition rules), coverage (i.e. the ability to capture any possible situation in any document) and expressiveness (i.e. the ability to make explicit the semantics of structures, relations and dependencies). An algorithm for the automatic recognition of structural patterns is then presented, together with an evaluation of the results of a test performed on a set of more than 1100 documents from eight very different vocabularies. This language-independent analysis confirms the ability of patterns to capture and summarize the guidelines used by the authors in their everyday practice. Finally, I present some systems that work directly on the pattern-based representation of documents. The ability of these tools to cover very different situations and contexts confirms the effectiveness of the model.
Glycogen synthase kinase-3 is rapidly inactivated in response to insulin and phosphorylates eukaryotic initiation factor eIF-2B.

We have studied the control of insulin-regulated protein kinases in Chinese hamster ovary cells transfected with the human insulin receptor (CHO.T cells). Among these enzymes is one that is obtained after chromatography of cell extracts on Mono-S, whose activity is decreased (7.3 +/- 1.9-fold) within 10 min of insulin treatment. This enzyme phosphorylates glycogen synthase and the largest subunit of protein synthesis eukaryotic initiation factor (eIF)-2B (the guanine nucleotide exchange factor). The kinase appears to be glycogen synthase kinase-3 (GSK-3), on the basis of: (1) its ability to phosphorylate a peptide based on the phosphorylation sites for GSK-3 in glycogen synthase, and (2) the finding that the fractions possessing this activity contain immunoreactive GSK-3, whose peak is coincident with that of kinase activity, as judged by immunoblotting using antibodies specific for the alpha- and beta-isoforms of GSK-3. The decrease in kinase activity induced by insulin was reversed by treatment of the column fractions with protein phosphatase-2A. These data indicate that insulin rapidly causes inactivation of GSK-3 and that this is due to phosphorylation of GSK-3. The implications of these findings for the control of glycogen and protein metabolism are discussed.
The impact of coping strategies on occupational stress and turnover intentions among hotel employees

ABSTRACT This study examined the impact of problem solving, social support and avoidance as coping strategies on occupational stress and turnover intentions among hotel employees. Using a sample of 455 employees from seven hotels in Shandong Province, China, the study found that problem solving as a coping strategy predicts lower levels of occupational stress. Both social support and avoidance strategies were found to increase occupational stress instead. Occupational stress was positively correlated with hotel employees’ intentions to leave and the study furthermore clarified the role of occupational stress as an important mediator in the relationship between coping strategies and turnover intentions. Implications for hotel human resource management practices are discussed.
Framework for managing context-aware multimedia services in pervasive environments

This paper presents the CONTEXT framework for the creation, deployment and management of context-aware multimedia services using programmable network facilities. The Service Creation Layer (SCL) components of this framework allow the creation of the services using a service subscription server. Customisation and management are both supported by the policy-based paradigm. The Policy-Based Service Management (PBSM) layer components ensure efficient delivery and management of these services and the Execution Layer components guarantee the correct execution and assurance of the context-aware multimedia services over the network.
SPECIAL SERIES: Integrating Personality, Psychopathology, and Psychotherapy Using Interpersonal Assessment Interpersonal Subtypes in Social Phobia: Diagnostic and Treatment Implications

Interpersonal assessment may provide a clinically useful way to identify subtypes of social phobia. In this study, we examined evidence for interpersonal subtypes in a sample of 77 socially phobic outpatients. A cluster analysis based on the dimensions of dominance and love on the Inventory of Interpersonal Problems–Circumplex Scales (Alden, Wiggins, & Pincus, 1990) found 2 interpersonal subtypes of socially phobic patients. These subtypes did not differ on pretreatment global symptom severity as measured by the Brief Symptom Inventory (Derogatis, 1993) or diagnostic comorbidity but did exhibit differential responses to outpatient psychotherapy. Overall, friendly-submissive social phobia patients had significantly lower scores on measures of social anxiety and significantly higher scores on measures of well-being and satisfaction at posttreatment than cold-submissive social phobia patients. We discuss the results in terms of interpersonal theory and the clinical relevance of assessment of interpersonal functioning prior to beginning psychotherapy with socially phobic patients.
Effect of xenon on cerebral autoregulation in pigs

There are little data on the effect of anaesthetic concentrations of xenon on cerebral pressure autoregulation. In this study, we have investigated the effect of 79% xenon inhalation on cerebral pressure autoregulation and CO2 response in pigs. Ten pigs were randomly allocated to receive xenon 79% or halothane anaesthesia, respectively, in a crossover designed study. Halothane was used to validate the experimental set‐up. Transcranial Doppler was performed to determine the mean flow velocities in the middle cerebral artery (vMCA) during defined cerebral perfusion pressures and during normo‐, hyper‐ and hypoventilation. The results showed that the inhalation of 79% xenon preserved cerebral autoregulation during conditions of normo‐, hyper‐ and hypoventilation and at different cerebral perfusion pressures in pigs. These results suggest that with the inhalation of xenon, in the highest concentration suitable for a safe clinical use, cerebral autoregulation is preserved.
The Endoplasmic Reticulum Provides the Membrane Platform for Biogenesis of the Flavivirus Replication Complex

ABSTRACT The cytoplasmic replication of positive-sense RNA viruses is associated with a dramatic rearrangement of host cellular membranes. These virus-induced changes result in the induction of vesicular structures that envelop the virus replication complex (RC). In this study, we have extended our previous observations on the intracellular location of West Nile virus strain Kunjin virus (WNVKUN) to show that the virus-induced recruitment of host proteins and membrane appears to occur at a pre-Golgi step. To visualize the WNVKUN replication complex, we performed three-dimensional (3D) modeling on tomograms from WNVKUN replicon-transfected cells. These analyses have provided a 3D representation of the replication complex, revealing the open access of the replication complex with the cytoplasm and the fluidity of the complex to the rough endoplasmic reticulum. In addition, we provide data that indicate that a majority of the viral RNA species housed within the RC is in a double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) form.
Design and performance of a double-layered interior permanent magnet generator

This paper introduces the design and performance analysis of an interior permanent magnet generator (IPMG) for applications in low speed wind turbine systems. The developed design is based on optimizing the geometry of double-layered permanent magnets (PMs), which are buried in the rotor body of an IPMG. The geometry of the double-layered permanent magnets is optimized and simulated using the 2-D finite element analysis method (FEA). The optimization of the PMs is established based on the induced electromotive force (EMF), harmonic contents of the stator current and torque ripples at low speeds. The optimization shows that the π-shape double-layered permanent magnets geometry is capable of inducing an EMF with the high magnitude and low harmonic contents, along with producing stator currents with the low harmonic contents and minimum torque ripples.
Emerging Roles for the Death Adaptor FADD in Death Receptor Avidity and Cell Cycle Regulation

The Fas-associated death domain protein FADD is best known as an adaptor protein that senses a signal received at a death receptor and nucleates the assembly of the death-inducing signaling complex. Recent work reveals unexpected properties for this signaling protein, suggesting new roles for FADD in apoptotic signaling and in non-apoptotic functions linked to chemical modification of the FADD C-terminus. These new studies suggest novel types of high valency complexes may form in the plasma membrane and in the nucleus, raising intriguing questions as to how FADD senses the environment and responds to different signaling inputs to promote a biochemical response. In particular, we discuss the role of FADD in death receptor avidity and examine the relationship between FADD phosphorylation and subcellular localization with respect to various biological functions. Since FADD serves to modulate both apoptosis and cell cycle progression, these new findings promote the concept that differential complex assembly dictates disparate cellular processes mediated by this adaptor molecule.
Full-Field Optical Coherence Tomography as a Diagnosis Tool: Recent Progress with Multimodal Imaging

Full-field optical coherence tomography (FF-OCT) is a variant of OCT that is able to register 2D en face views of scattering samples at a given depth. Thanks to its superior resolution, it can quickly reveal information similar to histology without the need to physically section the sample. Sensitivity and specificity levels of diagnosis performed with FF-OCT are 80% to 95% of the equivalent histological diagnosis performances and could therefore benefit from improvement. Therefore, multimodal systems have been designed to increase the diagnostic performance of FF-OCT. In this paper, we will discuss which contrasts can be measured with such multimodal systems in the context of ex vivo biological tissue examination. We will particularly emphasize three multimodal combinations to measure the tissue mechanics, dynamics, and molecular content respectively.
Diagnostic des systèmes à l'aide d'observateurs à mémoire finie. Application au Common Rail.

L'objectif de ce travail a ete de proposer une methode de detection de defaut sur le systeme d'injection directe a haute pression (le systeme Common Rail) mis en place sur les vehicules Diesel. L'importance de l'implementation d'une procedure de detection de defauts a ete mise en evidence grâce a la description des enjeux (baisse de la consommation, diminution des emissions polluantes et sonores, augmentation des performances) et des contraintes liees au Common Rail (haute pression, haute frequence, lubrification par le gasoil, usinage de haute precision, respect des normes EURO, .) mais aussi a travers un listing des pannes pouvant survenir sur le Common Rail. Un etat de l'art sur les differentes methodes de diagnostic des systemes a permis de degager une methode de detection de defaut repondant aux performances attendues (detection du defaut naissant, rapidite de detection, isolation et caracterisation des defauts detectes ainsi que minimiser les fausses alarmes et les mauvaises detections). Apres une etude approfondie (proprietes, formulations sequentielles et etude de sensibilite) de la methode de detection choisie (observateurs a memoire finie) et une modelisation du comportement des differents organes du Common Rail, l'algorithme de detection a ete teste sur trois modelisations differentes du systeme Common Rail. De plus, la comparaison entre l'observateur a memoire finie et un observateur de Luenberger et un filtre de Kalman ont permis d'apprecier le degre de robustesse des residus. Dans l'ensemble, les resultats obtenus permettent de conclure sur la bonne detection des defauts actionneurs et capteurs.