Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Kikuchi's Lymphadenitis: A Morphologic Analysis of 75 Cases with Special Reference to Unusual Features

Seventy-five cases of Kikuchi's lymphadenitis, a self-limiting pseudomalignant condition, were reviewed to determine the spectrum of histologic findings. There were 55 females and 20 males; ages ranged from 9 to 57 years (mean, 25.5). Most patients presented with cervical lymphadenopathy (68 cases). Associated clinical findings were fever (20/52) and leukopenia (15/33). Serum antinuclear antibodies were negative in 15 patients among 16 tested. Among 32 patients with follow-up information, 31 remained well, including one who developed recurrence after 2 years. One patient died of fatal myocardial disease during the active disease. Histologically, the lymph nodes showed paracortical hyperplasia, often associated with a starry-sky appearance resulting from interspersed histiocytes and immunoblasts. The consistent finding was the presence of variable-sized discrete or confluent nodules in the paracortex composed of the following: (a) karyorrhectic and eosinophilic granular debris; (b) histiocytes, many of which were phagocytic and possessed distinctive peripherally placed crescentic nuclei and voluminous cytoplasm containing eosinophilic or karyorrhectic debris (for which we propose the designation crescentic histiocytes), mixed with nonphagocytic histiocytes having twisted or reniform nuclei which were often centrally placed; (c) plasmacytoid monocytes, which were medium-sized cells with eccentrically placed round nuclei and amphophilic cytoplasm; and (d) variable numbers of immunoblasts, which sometimes showed atypia such as irregular nuclear foldings and coarse chromatin. Neutrophils were absent or very sparse. In some nodules, coag-ulative necrosis was present in the center (45 cases). Foamy histiocytes were found in 23 cases, and they predominated in 11. Small clusters of plasmacytoid monocytes were noted in the paracortex in 40 cases. Perinodal inflammation was a common finding, and perinodal involvement by the karyorrhectic process occurred in 15 cases. In addition, we found a number of previously unreported features. Signet-ring histiocytes with clear or homogeneous lightly amphophilic cytoplasm and nuclei compressed into thin crescents, found in seven cases, could mimic signet-ring cell adenocarcinoma. In three cases, some germinal centers were involved by the karyorrhectic process. Foci of lymphocyte-depleted fibrovascular organization were present in eight cases, probably representing the resolving phase of the karyorrhectic process. Despite the broad morphologic spectrum, the intermingling of the distinctive crescentic histiocytes, karyorrhectic debris, and plasmacytoid monocytes in the form of nodules, together with the paucity of neutrophils, are the consistent findings that should permit a confident histologic diagnosis of Kikuchi's lymphadenitis.
Endocytosis and vesicular traffic in fetal and adult colonic goblet cells

Structural and functional differences between adult and fetal colonic goblet cells have not been clearly defined. To compare the binding, uptake, and intracellular pathway of internalized apical membrane in fetal and adult goblet cells, cationic ferritin (CF) was used as a nonspecific probe. The initial distribution of membrane anionic sites was determined in segments of proximal and distal colon from fetal (18–22 days) and adult rats that were fixed prior to a 10‐minute exposure to CF at 4°C. Uniform binding along the apical membrane and microvilli was noted at all ages. To assess uptake and intracellular transport, segments of proximal and distal colon from fetal and adult rats were exposed to CF for 10 minutes at 4°C prior to a saline wash and incubation in saline or Liebovitz L‐15 medium for 3, 6, 15, 30, or 60 minutes at 37°C. In addition, fetal rats between 18 and 22 days gestation (birth) were exposed to CF continuously for 10–30 minutes via an intracaecal injection. The results showed extensive uptake of CF in the fetal goblet cells and a more variable intracellular pathway than in with the adult. Within 3 minutes, numerous CF positive vesicles and tubules were present within the apical cytoplasm as well as interspersed among the secretory granules of the fetal goblet cell. Most of these vesicles were smooth surfaced, although some were coated. By 15 minutes, CF was frequently seen in multivesicular bodies, and occasionally in vacuoles in the vicinity of the Golgi. No CF was detected in Golgi cisternae. In contrast to fetal cells, only limited uptake was noted in adult goblet cells and the vesicles were restricted to the periphery of the secretory granule mass. In addition, transport to lysosomes was the exclusive route of these vesicles in the adult. These findings indicate that vesicular uptake is extensive in fetal goblet cells and the intracellular pathway is more variable and less restricted than in the adult.
EFFECTS OF REPEATED TREATMENT WITH FLUOXETINE AND CITALOPRAM, A 5‐HT UPTAKE INHIBITORS ON 5‐HT1A AND 5‐HT2 RECEPTORS IN THE RAT BRAIN.

Repeated treatment with fluoxetine and citalopram, which are potent 5-HT reuptake inhibitors, resulted in different regulation of 5-HT1A and 5-HT2 receptors in the rat brain. Their effects were compared with those of other antidepressants: imipramine, mianserin and levoprotiline. The density of 5-HT1A receptors, labelled with [3H]8-OH-DPAT, in the rat hippocampus was enhanced after citalopram, imipramine, mianserin and levoprotiline, but not altered after fluoxetine administration. [3H]Ketanserin binding sites, which label 5-HT2 receptors, were increased after fluoxetine and levoprotiline, but decreased after citalopram, imipramine and mianserin in the rat cerebral cortex. Acute administration of fluoxetine, but not citalopram, resulted in a decreased density of 5-HT1A receptors. 5-HT2 receptors were not changed by acute administration of either fluoxetine or citalopram. The obtained results indicate that besides 5-HT reuptake inhibiting properties of both compounds, there may exist an additional mechanism(s) of their action, which leads to different regulation of 5-HT1A and 5-HT2 receptors.
How did parasitic worms evolve?

Nematodes are important parasites of humans and other animals. Nematode parasitism is thought to have evolved by free‐living, facultatively developing, arrested larvae becoming associated with animals, ultimately becoming parasites. The formation of free‐living arrested larvae of the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans is controlled by the environment, and involves dafachronic acid (DA) and transforming growth factor (TGF)‐β signalling. Recent data have shown that DA acid signalling plays a conserved role in controlling larval development in both free‐living and parasitic species. In contrast, TGF‐β signalling does not seem to be conserved; this difference perhaps points to how nematode parasitism did evolve.
Quinidine for the management of electrical storm in an old patient with Brugada syndrome and syncope

Abstract We report the case of a 63-year-old male with episodes of syncope which led to negative neurologic rule-out. One month later, after another episode of syncope, an emergency room ECG showed ventricular tachycardia treated by DC-shock and, after defi brillation, a typical ECG Brugada pattern. After implantation of an internal cardioverter/defi brillator, the patient was again admitted because of 4 ICD shocks (electrical storm). Isoproterenol infusion and hydro-quinidine 250 mg b.i. d. per os administration were therefore started, without recurrence of ventricular arrhythmias and “normalization” of the ST pattern. Nine-month follow-up was uneventful, without recurrence of ventricular tachycardia at ICD controls. Quinidine may be regarded as an adjunctive therapy for patients at higher risk of ventricular fi brillation and may reduce the number of ICD shocks in patients with multiple recurrences.
Synchronization criteria for two generalized complex dynamical networks with time-varying delays

In this paper, two kinds of complex dynamical networks with time-varying delays are considered. The first is that the elements of each node have the same time-varying delays and all nodes in network have the same time-delay vector. The second is that the elements of each node have different time-varying delays and all nodes in network have the same time-delay vector. The stability criteria are obtained by using Kronecker product, Lyapunov functional method, linear matrix inequalities (LMI) and matrix measure.
Improving the treatment of hepatitis C infection in the UK

The UK lags behind its European neighbours in the identification and treatment of hepatitis C virus infection. Having recognised this problem, national guidelines are evolving based on detailed examination of clinical evidence. This article reviews recommended treatments for hepatitis C virus infection in the UK, recent advances in the understanding of how to use these treatments and new developments.
Hybrid Energy Storage System (HESS) in vehicular applications: A review on interfacing battery and ultra-capacitor units

One of the key components of every Electric Vehicle (EV)/Hybrid Electric Vehicle (HEV) is the Energy Storage System (ESS). The most widely-used ESS in electric drivetrains is based on batteries. As the specific power of batteries is normally low, they are hybridized with high-specific power storage elements such as ultra-capacitors in a Hybrid Energy Storage System (HESS) to meet harsh power requirements of the vehicle during acceleration and regenerative braking. This paper provides a thorough literature review on various configurations for interfacing battery and ultra-capacitor units to the DC bus forming a HESS in EV/HEV applications. It also reviews the energy management mechanisms used to split the power demand between battery and ultra-capacitor units.
Insecticide susceptibility of house flies (Musca domestica) from a livestock farm in Tyumen region, Russia.

The susceptibility of the field populations of the house fly Musca domestica L. (Diptera:Muscidae) from a livestock farm of the Tyumen region, Russia, to six insecticides (deltamethrin, cypermethrin, thiamethoxam, permethrin, fipronil, chlorfenapyr) is reported. After a forced contact of adult flies of susceptible strains and first generation of field populations with the residues of insecticides at the bottom of glass cups, the median lethal dose of each insecticide was determined by probit analysis. According to the resistance ratio, the susceptibility of the evaluated field population to insecticides increased in the order: cypermethrin < deltamethrin < permethrin ≤ chlorfenapyr < thiamethoxam < fipronil.
Ocellar Input to the Flight Motor System of the Locust: Structure and Function

1. 1. This paper deals with the physiology, anatomy and function of the following classes of neurones in the locust Schistocerca : (a) neurones carrying ocellar information to the pterothorax (Descending Ocellar Neurones, DONs), (b) mesothoracic Flight Motor Neurones (FMNs), (c) a heterogenous class of inter- and intraganglionic thoracic interneurones which receive input from the DONs, here called Thoracic Ocellar Interneurones (TONs) without prejudice to their other possible inputs and functions. 2. 2. The thoracic arborizations of five different DONs are characterized. All project unilaterally to the pterothorax, four out of five to the ipsilateral mesothoracic or meso- and metathoracic ganglia. All are phasic OFF units, responding to stimulation either of one lateral ocellus or of the medial ocellus or of both, but none responded to the cephalic wind-hairs. Four of the five DONs showed no response decrement at stimulus frequencies up to 80 Hz. One showed habituation, recovery during a rest interval, and dishabituation in response to mechanical stimulation of a leg. There are more than six DONs, probably more than ten, in each connective. 3. 3. All types of recorded mesothoracic FMNs receive monosynaptic EPSPs from the DONs and/or delayed IPSPs (presumably via TONs) in at least some animals. The pattern of connection is compatible with the hypothesis that a roll or downward pitch deviation induces compensating movements of the wings to correct the deviation. Many of these DON/FMN connections were, however, only occasionally recorded. None of the ocellar EPSPs recorded in the FMNs elicited spikes. 4. 4. Most TONs receive monosynaptic EPSPs from one or more DONs, sometimes causing them to spike. Two receive delayed IPSPs, presumably via other TONs. At least one third of the recorded TONs spike in phase with either elevator or depressor FMNs during stimulated flight. Intraganglionic TONs in the mesothorax are all unilateral. Their anatomy suggests that they distribute input from DONs to various combinations of ipsilateral FMNs. Interganglionic TONs can be either unilateral or bilateral in the mesothoracic ganglion, and project unilaterally to the metathoracic (or rarely the prothoracic) ganglion, where at least one makes inhibitory synapses with a FMN. 5. 5. Phasic ocellar information reaches the FMNs by two routes. One produces fast subthreshold PSPs in the FMNs directly. The other produces spikes and PSPs in thoracic interneurones, at least some of which are phasically active during flight and are presynaptic to FMNs. The roles of the two pathways are discussed.
Intentions in Communication

It is fairly easy to imagine a situation in which this exchange makes perfect sense. The participants might, for instance, be playing badminton in a hall that is usually used by a boxing club after the end of the badminton session, and A wants to know whether there is time for another game before the boxing club arrive. It is also fairly easy to tell an informal story about how the conversational exchange above would serve this purpose. The usual story is that A thinks she would need to know what the time is in order to see whether she and her partner can go on playing. She doesn't know the time, but she knows that if she can persuade B to tell her then she will know it. She also knows that B won't be able to tell her unless she (B) knows it herself. If she demands to be told, and B in fact doesn't know what it is, then one or the other of them might be embarrassed. So A delicately asks whether B has this information, rather than asking for it outright. At this point B is supposed to recognize that A is unlikely to have any goals that could be directly furthered by finding out whether B knows the time. Since A has no goals that will be directly furthered by B's response to this question, and since people don't usually say things unless they expect some response that will help them get on in the world, B starts to wonder what A is up to. She realizes that the question that A actually produced was only a preliminary move, and that it was uttered in order to facilitate asking the follow-up:
Cop9 signalosome subunit 8 (CSN8) is essential for Drosophila development

The COP9 signalosome (CSN) is a multisubunit regulator highly conserved in evolution. We show here that CSN subunit 8 (CSN8) is essential for Drosophila development. CSN8 is maternally contributed and present throughout development. Null mutants generated in this study are larval lethal, showing phenotypes associated with mutations in either CSN4 (molting defects) or CSN5 (melanotic tumors). Analysis of mitotic and germ‐line csn8null clones revealed the requirement of CSN8 for multiple developmental processes. The germ‐line clones arrested at mid‐oogenesis, while the mitotic clones led to deformed adult eyes or wings. CSN8 is present exclusively as part of the CSN holo‐complex, and lack of CSN8 in the mutants leads to CSN instability. Consistent with this, Cullin deneddylation is impaired in the csn8null mutants.
Does the Number of Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy Cycles before Interval Debulking Surgery Influence Survival in Advanced Ovarian Cancer?

Objective: To evaluate the overall survival (OS) of patients with initially inoperable advanced ovarian cancer, tubal carcinoma, or primary peritoneal carcinoma of stages III or IV undergoing neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) followed by cytoreductive surgery, according to the number of cycles performed. Methods: This retrospective study was conducted in three main oncology centres in the east of France, reviewing the charts of all patients who underwent NAC between January 1, 1998 and October 31, 2012. We performed an OS analysis using multivariate Cox regression models adjusted for potential confounders. We also analysed progression-free survival (PFS) as well as chemotherapy- and surgery-related morbidity. Results: Of the 204 patients included, 75 (36.8%) underwent ≤4 NAC cycles and 129 (63.2%) ≥5 NAC cycles. Characteristic data were similar in the two groups. Five-year OS was 35.0 and 25.8%, respectively. This difference was non-significant [HR = 1.06 (0.70-1.59), p = 0.79]. We also found no differences in PFS or morbidity between the two groups. Conclusions: The number of NAC cycles does not seem to play a role in the OS of patients with advanced ovarian cancer. Further evidence and prospective data are needed to assess the value of a high/low number of NAC cycles among these patients.
Convexity preserving properties for Hamilton-Jacobi equations in geodesic spaces

We study the convexity preserving property for a class of time-dependent Hamilton-Jacobi equations in a complete geodesic space. Assuming that the Hamiltonian is nondecreasing, we show that in a Busemann space the unique metric viscosity solution preserves the geodesic convexity of the initial value at any time. We provide two approaches and also discuss several generalizations for more general geodesic spaces including the lattice graph.
Is hypoglycaemia a marker for increased long-term mortality risk in patients with coronary artery disease? An 8-year follow-up

Background No information is available regarding the association between low plasma glucose levels and cause-specific and all-cause mortality in patients with coronary artery disease (CAD). We aimed to investigate the relationship between hypoglycaemia and all-cause, cardiovascular and cancer mortality in a large population of patients with CAD. Design Patients were recruited from the BIP (Bezafibrate Infarction Prevention) registry, a secondary prevention prospective multicentre randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind trial aimed to assess the efficacy of bezafibrate in reduction of coronary events. Methods The study included 14 670 CAD patients aged 45–74, divided into six groups: (1) hypoglycaemic (up to 69 mg/dl); (2) low normal (70–79 mg/dl); (3) euglycaemic (80–109 mg/dl); (4) impaired fasting glucose (IFG) (110–125 mg/dl); (5) borderline diabetics (126–139 mg/dl); (6) diabetics (≥ 140 mg/dl). Results Patients comprised 131 with hypoglycaemia (0.9%), 731 with low normal glucose (5%), 9308 euglycaemic (63.4%), 1577 with IFG (10.7%), 617 borderline diabetics (4.2%) and 2306 diabetics (15.7%). Over a mean 8-year follow-up, crude all-cause mortality was higher in both diabetic (31.8%) and hypoglycaemic groups (25.2%) as compared with euglycaemics (14.9%; P< 0.0001); CAD mortality was higher in diabetic and borderline groups (17.8 and 13.3%, respectively, versus 7.9% in euglycaemics; P< 0.0001). The highest prevalence of cancer mortality was documented in the hypoglycaemic group (6.1 versus 2.9% in euglycaemics; P<0.02). Actuarial survival curves showed the lowest mortality in euglycaemic and low normal groups; the highest was seen in diabetic and hypoglycaemic patients. Intermediate values were found in borderline and IFG patients. After adjustment for variables, a significantly higher mortality rate was seen in hypoglycaemics when compared with euglycaemics (P< 0.0001). Hypoglycaemia was identified as a predictor of increased all-cause and cancer mortality with a hazard ratio (HR) of 1.84 [95% confidence interval (CI) 1.29–2.61] and 2.26 (95% CI 1.12–4.57), respectively, but not of increased CAD mortality, with HR 1.30 (95% CI 0.73–2.29). Conclusions Over a mean 8-year follow-up, hypoglycaemia emerges as a marker for substantially increased all-cause and cancer mortality among patients with CAD presenting with low fasting glucose levels. Eur J Cardiovasc Prevention Rehab 11:135–143 © 2004 The European Society of Cardiology.
Prevalence of Long‐Term Disability From Traumatic Brain Injury in the Civilian Population of the United States, 2005

ObjectiveTo estimate the prevalence of long-term disability associated with traumatic brain injury (TBI) in the civilian population of the United States. MethodsWe first estimated how many people experienced long-term disability from TBI each year in the past 70 years. Then, accounting for the increased mortality among TBI survivors, we estimated their life expectancy and calculated how many were expected to be alive in 2005. ResultsAn estimated 1.1% of the US civilian population or 3.17 million people (95% CI: 3.02–3.32 million) were living with a long-term disability from TBI at the beginning of 2005. Under less conservative assumptions about TBI's impact on lifespan, this estimate is 3.32 million (95% CI: 3.16–3.48 million). ConclusionSubstantial long-term disability occurs among the US civilians hospitalized with a TBI.
[Positive corneal findings of Propioni bacterium acnes and keratitis].

PURPOSE Propioni bacterium Acnes may be isolated from corneal specimens. Its presence usually evokes a neighbouring tissue contamination. Nevertheless we have tried to find arguments in favour of a possible pathological responsibility of this microorganism in corneal affections. MATERIAL AND METHODS A retrospective study was conducted in thirty patients with proved P. acnes corneal infection. The specimens were collected immediately during the first examination in the emergency ward. The research of anaerobic bacteria was made for each corneal specimen. RESULTS We studied nineteen corneal abscesses and eleven corneal ulcers. Ninety-one percent of the cases presented an associated irritating factor. In decreasing order we found: wearing of soft contact lenses (36%), foreign corneal body still in situ or recently removed (21%), recurrent corneal erosions (9%), palpebral surgery (6%), herpetic keratitis (6%) or rosacea (3%). P. acnes was the only microorganism identified in 97% of the cases. Starting treatment before bacteriological results were known to be effective in each case. CONCLUSIONS These elements are an argument for the pathological role of P. acnes in corneal infections when combined with favourable local conditions. Its presence does not always mean actual contamination.