Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
How Do Rare Earth Elements (Lanthanoids) Affect Root Development and Protocorm-Like Body Formation in Hybrid CYMBIDIUM?

Abstract Only few studies in the plant tissue culture literature have examined the impact of lanthanoids, or rare earth elements, on in vitro plant organogenesis. In this study, using a model plant, hybrid Cymbidium Twilight Moon ‘Day Light’, the impact of six lanthanoids (lanthanum (III) nitrate hexahydrate (La(NO3)3 · 6H2O), cerium (III) nitrate hexahydrate (Ce(NO3)3 · 6H2O), neodymium (III) nitrate hexahydrate (Nd(NO3)3 · 6H2O), praseodymium (III) nitrate hexahydrate (Pr(NO3)3 · 6H2O), samarium (III) nitrate hexahydrate (Sm(NO3)3 · 6H2O), gadolinium (III) nitrate hexahydrate (Gd(NO3)3 · 6H2O) on new protocorm-like body (neo-PLB) formation on Teixeira Cymbidium (TC) medium was examined. 0 (control), 1, 2, 4 and 8 mg·dm-3 of each lanthanoid was tested. All lanthanoids could produce more neo-PLBs and neo-PLB fresh weight than TC medium lacking plant growth regulators (PGRs), suggesting some PGR-like ability of lanthanoids, although PLB-related traits (percentage of half-PLBs forming neo-PLBs; number of neo-PLBs formed per half-PLB; fresh weight of half-PLB + neo-PLBs) was always significantly lower than TC medium containing PGRs. Except for Gd, all other lanthanoids had no negative impact on the number of new leaves from neo-PLB-derived shoots, but all lanthanoids showed a significantly lower plant height, shoot fresh weight and shoot dry weight and, in most cases, SPAD (chlorophyll content) value. In addition, using the same concentration of the six lanthanoids, the ability to fortify root formation of neo-PLB-derived plantlets was also assessed. Except for Sm, all other lanthanoids significantly increased the number of roots, root fresh and dry weight.
Portfolio Performance Attribution

In this paper, we provide further insight into the performance attribution by development of statistical models based on minimizing ETL performance risk with additional constraints on Asset Allocation (AA), Selection Effect (SE), and Total Expected Value Added by the portfolio managers (S). We analyze daily returns of 30 stocks traded on the German Stock Exchange and included in the DAX30-index. The benchmark portfolio is the equally weighted portfolio of DAX30-stocks. The portfolio optimization is based on minimizing the downside movement of the DAX-portfolio from the benchmark subject to constraints on AA, SE and S. We investigate also the distributional properties of AA, SE and S sequences by testing the Gaussian distribution hypothesis versus stable Paretian hypothesis. Finally, we propose an empirical comparison among suggested portfolio choice models comparing the final wealth, expected total realized return of the optimal portfolio, and performance ratios for obtained sequences of excess returns. 1 Researcher, Institute of Econometrics, Statistics and Mathematical Finance, School of Economics and Business Engineering, University of Karlsruhe, Kollegium am Schloss, Bau II, 20.12, R210, Postfach 6980, D-76128, Karlsruhe, Germany E-mail: biglova@statistik.uni-karlsruhe.de. Almira Biglova’s research were supported by the Deutschen Forschungsgemeinschaft, and the Deutscher Akademischer Austausch Dienst. 2 Chair-Professor, Chair of Econometrics, Statistics and Mathematical Finance, School of Economics and Business Engineering, University of Karlsruhe, Postfach 6980, 76128 Karlsruhe, Germany and Department of Statistics and Applied Probability, University of California, Santa Barbara, CA 931063110, USA E-mail: rachev@statistik.uni-karlsruhe.de Svetlozar Rachev gratefully acknowledges research support by grants from Division of Mathematical, Life and Physical Sciences, College of Letters and Science, University of California, Santa Barbara, the Deutschen Forschungsgemeinschaft, and the Deutscher Akademischer Austausch Dienst.
From smart specialisation to smart experimentation

Abstract The idea of smart specialisation has gained high prominence in the discourse about the regional policy of the European Union (EU). In the coming program period from 2014 to 2020 it is expected to be a major pillar of EU structural funds. The notion of smart specialisation incorporates some basic principles of evolutionary economics and centers on the idea of an entrepreneurial discovery process of new trajectories on the regional level. It does not, however, sufficiently take into account the relevance of individual agents, their actions, and their relations with each other in the identification, creation, development, and destruction of technological and economic trajectories. For this, a focus on micro-level dynamics is needed that provides the base for experimentation. Therefore, this paper proposes the new concept of smart experimentation. This notion aims to complement smart specialisation. It is anchored not only in evolutionary economics, but also in relational economic geography.
Prepositional inanimates in Dutch: A paradigmatic case of Differential Object Marking

Abstract In this paper I examine an animacy-related encoding alternation in Dutch generally observed with verbs denoting physical contact. This largely unnoticed pattern in Dutch is reminiscent of the phenomenon of Differential Object Marking (DOM) as attested in a large number of languages. I will argue that the Dutch pattern should indeed be interpreted as DOM albeit of a specific type. I claim Dutch DOM to be an instance of paradigmatic DOM used to signal a thematic difference between two groups of objects, that of animate and inanimate ones. Crucially, animate, but not inanimate, undergoers exhibit the property of sentience, a predicate entailment shown to be associated with the undergoer argument of physical contact verbs in Dutch.
Developing a Simulation of Transformation Geometry by Using Flash

ABSTRACT: The development of science and technology stimulates the rise of effort to make use of all facilities in all fields. One of the results is increasing number of computer use in Indonesia. This condition encourages educational practitioners to develop several models of learning media by using computers with purposes of tutorial, exercises, simulations, and games. Meanwhile, learning process which applies some media of simulation provides some benefits as they are realistic, secure, and simple. This simulation will lead students into a visualization of real life condition. Without media, students will usually imagine what they learn. It later exposes them with some problems that influence their abstractions. If a lecturer only explains about Transformation Geometry without using simulation, there is a big opportunity that students will yield misconception or they will only remember it with little understanding. This research aims to develop a valid and practical the T ransformation Geometry simulation . The method in this research is a design research from a technology perspective that uses a preliminary stage and evaluation stage. The result presented the simulation of the definition of reflection, rotation, rotation half-round, and translations that have been made are in accordance with the curriculum and the existing concept s . Try-out result show s that the simulation can help students find their own concepts of reflection, rotation, rotation half-round, and translation; and sets up students to communicate. The conclusion of this research is that the result of simulation design that has been created has to be valid and practical. KEY WORDS : Development of Science and Technology; Computer Use; T ransformation Geometry; Learning Process; Understanding of Concepts. About the Authors: Ahmad and Anton Jaelani are the Lecturers at the Department of Mathematics Education, Faculty of Education and Teacher Training UMP (Muhammadiyah University of Purwokerto), Jalan Raya Dukuhwaluh, Purwokerto, Central Java, Indonesia. Corresponding authors is: ahmadump@yahoo.co.id How to cite this article? Ahmad & Anton Jaelani. (2016). “Developing a Simulation of Transformation Geometry by Using Flash” in EDUCARE: International Journal for Educational Studies , Vol.8(2) February, pp.129-138. Bandung, Indonesia: Minda Masagi Press and UMP Purwokerto, ISSN 1979-7877. Chronicle of the article: Accepted (January 17, 2016); Revised (February 1, 2016); and Published (February 28, 2016).
Equitable vertex arboricity of $d$-degenerate graphs

A minimization problem in graph theory so-called the equitable tree-coloring problem can be used to formulate a structure decomposition problem on the communication network with some security considerations. Precisely, an equitable tree-$k$-coloring of a graph is a vertex coloring using $k$ distinct colors such that every color class induces a forest and the sizes of any two color classes differ by at most one. In this paper, we establish some theoretical results on the equitable tree-colorings of graphs by showing that every $d$-degenerate graph with maximum degree at most $\Delta$ is equitably tree-$k$-colorable for every integer $k\geq (\Delta+1)/2$ provided that $\Delta\geq 10d$. This generalises the result of Chen et al.[J. Comb. Optim. 34(2) (2017) 426--432] which states that every $5$-degenerate graph with maximum degree at most $\Delta$ is equitably tree-$k$-colorable for every integer $k\geq (\Delta+1)/2$.
Quasar main sequence: A line or a plane

Context. A quasar main sequence is widely believed to reveal itself through objects represented in a plane spanned by two parameters: the full width at half maximum (FWHM) of Hβ and the ratio of Fe II to Hβ equivalent width. This sequence is related to the application to quasar properties of principal component analysis (PCA), which reveals that the main axis of variance (eigenvector 1) is codirectional with a strong anticorrelation between these two measurements. Aims. We aim to determine whether the dominance of two eigenvectors, originally discovered over two decades ago, is replicated in newer high-quality quasar samples. If so, we aim to test whether a nonlinear approach is an improvement on the linear PCA method by finding two new parameters that represent a more accurate projection of the variances than the eigenvectors recovered from PCA. Methods. We selected quasars from the X-shooter archive and a major quasar catalog to build high-quality samples. These samples were tested with PCA. Results. We find that the new high-quality samples indeed have two dominant eigenvectors as originally discovered. Subsequently, we find that fitting a nonlinear decay curve to the main sequence allows a new plane spanned by linearly independent axes to be defined; this is based on the distance along the decay curve as the main axis and the distance of each quasar data point from the curve as the secondary axis, respectively. Conclusions. The results show that it is possible to define a new plane based on the quasar main sequence, which accounts for the majority of the variance. The most likely candidate for the new main axis is an anticorrelation with a black hole mass. In this case the secondary axis likely represents luminosity. However, given the results of previous studies, the inclination angle likely plays a role in the Hβ width.
Assessment of various GPU acceleration strategies in text categorization processing flow

Automatic text categorization presents many difficulties. Modern algorithms are getting better in extracting meaningful information from human language. However, they often significantly increase complexity of computations. This increased demand for computational capabilities can be facilitated by the usage of hardware accelerators like general purpose graphic cards. In this paper we present a full processing flow for document categorization system. Gram-Schmidt process signatures calculation up to 12 fold decrease in computing time of system components.
Meta Reasoning over Knowledge Graphs

The ability to reason over learned knowledge is an innate ability for humans and humans can easily master new reasoning rules with only a few demonstrations. While most existing studies on knowledge graph (KG) reasoning assume enough training examples, we study the challenging and practical problem of few-shot knowledge graph reasoning under the paradigm of meta-learning. We propose a new meta learning framework that effectively utilizes the task-specific meta information such as local graph neighbors and reasoning paths in KGs. Specifically, we design a meta-encoder that encodes the meta information into task-specific initialization parameters for different tasks. This allows our reasoning module to have diverse starting points when learning to reason over different relations, which is expected to better fit the target task. On two few-shot knowledge base completion benchmarks, we show that the augmented task-specific meta-encoder yields much better initial point than MAML and outperforms several few-shot learning baselines.
Asymmetric accretion and thermal ‘mountains’ in magnetized neutron star crusts

Accreting neutron stars (NSs) are one of the main targets for continuous gravitational wave searches, as asymmetric accretion may lead to quadrupolar deformations, or ‘mountains’, on the crust of the star, which source gravitational wave (GW) emission at twice the rotation frequency. The GW torque may also impact on the spin evolution of the star, possibly dictating the currently observed spin periods of NSs in low-mass X-ray binaries and leading to the increased spin-down rate observed during accretion in PSR J1023+0038. Previous studies have shown that deformed reaction layers in the crust of the NS lead to thermal and compositional gradients that can lead to GW emission. However, there are no realistic constraints on the level of asymmetry that is expected. In this paper, we consider a natural source of asymmetry, namely the magnetic field, and calculate the density and pressure perturbations that are expected in the crust of accreting NSs. In general, we find that only the outermost reaction layers of the NS are strongly perturbed. The mass quadrupole that we estimate is generally small and cannot explain the increase of spin-down rate of PSR J1023+0038. However, if strong shallow heating sources are present at low densities in the crust, as cooling observations suggest, these layers will be strongly perturbed and the resulting quadrupole could explain the observed spin-down of PSR J1023+0038, and lead to observable GW signals from systems with higher accretion rates.
The Legendrian Whitney trick

In this article, we prove a Legendrian Whitney trick which allows for the removal of intersections between codimension-two contact submanifolds and Legendrian submanifolds, assuming such a smooth cancellation is possible. This technique is applied to show the existence h-principle for codimension-two contact embeddings with a prescribed contact structure.
NuSTAR and XMM–Newton observations of SXP 59 during its 2017 giant outburst

The Be X-ray pulsar (BeXRP) SXP 59 underwent a giant outburst in 2017 with a peak X-ray luminosity of 1.1 × 1038 erg s−1. We report on the X-ray behaviour of SXP 59 with the XMM–Newton and NuSTAR observations collected at the outburst peak, decay, and the low luminosity states. The pulse profiles are energy dependent, the pulse fraction increases with the photon energy and saturates at 65 per cent above 10 keV. It is difficult to constrain the change in the geometry of emitting region with the limited data. Nevertheless, because the pulse shape generally has a double-peaked profile at high luminosity and a single peak profile at low luminosity, we prefer the scenario that the source transited from the super-critical state to the sub-critical regime. This result would further imply that the neutron star (NS) in SXP 59 has a typical magnetic field. We confirm that the soft excess revealed below 2 keV is dominated by a cool thermal component. On the other hand, the NuSTAR spectra can be described as a combination of the non-thermal component from the accretion column, a hot blackbody emission, and an iron emission line. The temperature of the hot thermal component decreases with time, while its size remains constant (R ∼ 0.6 km). The existence of the hot blackbody at high luminosity cannot be explained with the present accretion theories for BeXRPs. It means that either more sophisticated spectral models are required to describe the X-ray spectra of luminous BeXRPs, or there is non-dipole magnetic field close to the NS surface.
Randomly coupled differential equations with correlations

We consider the long time asymptotic behavior of a large system of $N$ linear differential equations with random coefficients. We allow for general correlation structures \nc among the coefficients, thus we substantially generalize our previous work [14] that was restricted to the independent case. In particular, we analyze a recent model in the theory of neural networks [26] that specifically focused on the effect of the distributional asymmetry in the random connectivity matrix $X$. We rigorously prove and slightly correct the explicit formula from [27] on the time decay as a function of the asymmetry parameter. Our main tool is an asymptotically precise formula for the normalized trace of $f(X) g(X^*)$, in the large $N$ limit, where $f$ and $g$ are analytic functions.
Joint Precoding and Power Control in Small-Cell Networks with Proportional-Rate MISO-BC Backhaul

In the small-cell networks with multiple-input-single-output broadcasting (MISO-BC) backhauls, the joint dirty-paper coding and power control are investigated for the {MISO-BC} backhauls and access links in order to minimize the system transmit power. Considering the proportional rates of MISO-BC backhauls and flow-conservation constraints, the formulated optimization problem is {non-convex}. Moreover, the formulated problem couples the precoding vectors with the power-control variables. In order to handle the {non-convex} optimization problem and decouple the backhaul and access links, the structure of the formulated problem is investigated such that the optimal precoding vectors and optimal power-control variables are independently obtained. Moreover, the optimal precoding vectors are obtained in closed-form expressions. Simulation results are used to show the performance improvement over the benchmark scheme.
V348 And and V572 Per: Bright Triple Systems with Eccentric Eclipsing Binaries

The eclipsing binaries are still important objects for our understanding of the universe. Especially these ones located within the more complex multiple systems can help us solving the problem of their origin and subsequent evolution of these higher order multiples. Photometry and spectroscopy spanning over more than 25 yr were used for the first complete analysis of the two bright triple systems, namely V348 And and V572 Per. The light curves in photometric filters were combined together with the radial velocities and analyzed simultaneously, yielding the precise physical parameters of the eclipsing components of these multiple systems. The system V348 And consists of two eclipsing components with its orbital period of about 27.7 days. The system is a very detached one, and both eclipses are rather narrow, lasting only about 0.016 of its period. The visual orbit of the wide pair has the period of about 87 yr. All three components of the system are probably of B8-9 spectral type, and the parallax of the system was slightly shifted to the value of 2.92 mas. On the other hand, the system V572 Per shows apsidal motion of its inner orbit, the orbital period being of about 1.2 days, while the apsidal motion of about 48 yr. The components are of A and F spectral types, while the motion with the third component around a common barycenter is only negligible. According to our modeling, this system is not a member of open cluster Alpha Persei.
Fast Extragalactic X-Ray Transients from Gamma-Ray Bursts Viewed Far Off-axis

The observed light curves and estimated sky rate of fast extragalactic X-ray transients (XRTs) discovered in archival Chandra data indicate that they belong to two distinct XRT populations. The first population of relatively short duration pulses, which typically last less than few minutes seems to be pulses of X-ray flashes, which are nearby long-duration gamma-ray bursts viewed from far off-axis. The second population of much longer pulses, which typically last hours, seems to be the early-time isotropic afterglows of short gamma-ray bursts that are beamed away from Earth, as was shown in a previous paper.
Taking a Lesson from Quantum Particles for Statistical Data Privacy

Privacy is under threat from artificial intelligence revolution fueled by unprecedented abundance of data. Differential privacy, an established candidate for privacy protection, is susceptible to adversarial attacks, acts conservatively, and leads to miss-implementations because of lacking systematic methods for setting its parameters (known as the privacy budget). An alternative is information-theoretic privacy using entropy with the drawback of requiring prior distribution of the private data. Here, by using the Fisher information, information-theoretic privacy framework is extended to avoid unnecessary assumptions on the private data. The optimal privacy-preserving additive noise, extracted by minimizing the Fisher information, must follow the time-independent Schrodinger's equation. A fundamental trade-off between privacy and utility is also proved, reminiscent of the Heisenberg uncertainty principle.
Accretion-induced Collapse of Dark Matter Admixed White Dwarfs. II. Rotation and Gravitational-wave Signals

We present axisymmetric hydrodynamical simulations of accretion-induced collapse (AIC) of dark matter (DM) admixed rotating white dwarfs (WD) and their burst gravitational-wave (GW) signals. For initial WD models with the same central baryon density, the admixed DM is found to delay the plunge and bounce phases of AIC, and decrease the central density and mass of the protoneutron star (PNS) produced. The bounce time, central density, and PNS mass generally depend on two parameters, the admixed DM mass MDM and the ratio between the rotational kinetic and gravitational energies of the inner core at bounce . The emitted GWs have generic waveform shapes and the variation of their amplitudes h+ show a degeneracy on and MDM. We found that the ratios between the GW amplitude peaks around bounce allow breaking of the degeneracy and extraction of both and MDM. Even within the uncertainties of the nuclear matter equation of state, a DM core can be inferred if its mass is greater than 0.03 M⊙. We also discuss possible DM effects on the GW signals emitted by PNS g-mode oscillations. GWs may boost the possibility for the detection of AIC, as well as open a new window into the indirect detection of DM.
On the Elementary Affine Lambda-Calculus with and Without Fixed Points

The elementary affine lambda-calculus was introduced as a polyvalent setting for implicit computational complexity, allowing for characterizations of polynomial time and hyperexponential time predicates. But these results rely on type fixpoints (a.k.a. recursive types), and it was unknown whether this feature of the type system was really necessary. We give a positive answer by showing that without type fixpoints, we get a characterization of regular languages instead of polynomial time. The proof uses the semantic evaluation method. We also propose an aesthetic improvement on the characterization of the function classes FP and k-FEXPTIME in the presence of recursive types.