Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Does Sequence Dictate Structure Which Dictates Function

Today’s Earth is home to approximately 11 million species (3). Life on Earth evolves from a single common ancestor, or the last universal common ancestor (LUCA) (4). As organisms evolve and diverge conservatively, biosequences also change in response to a set of new environmental constraints, with their respective biological function or homology still maintained throughout (Figure 1A). Homology is all about functional relatedness; it is all or nothing, but not at all equivalent to either sequence similarity or even structural similarity. In fact, homology is the single most important requirement for the success of comparative sequence analysis, the most powerful and most widely used Bioinformatics tool to infer RNA secondary structures and/or derive phylogenetic relationships between diverse organisms on Earth (5). Comparative sequence analysis begins with a compilation and subsequent alignment of multiple homologous biosequences from various different organisms, based on the simple premise that homologous biosequences adopt very similar, if not identical, higher-order structures, regardless of their sequence similarity, in order to maintain their homologous biological function throughout divergent evolution. In contrast, convergent evolution cares only about the accidental evolutionary convergence of sequences or structures, regardless of their shared homology, ending up with multiple exactly the Abstract
Integrating movement in the elementary classroom: Creating innovative materials that incorporate movement with content areas

Movement is an aspect of teaching that often gets left out of curriculum and lesson plans in the elementary classroom. However, brain research and educational studies show that movement can play a critical role in understanding. The goal of this study was to determine how educators can use movement to enhance lessons that are already being taught during the school day without needing extra materials, time, or money. Resources and activities were compiled, organized, and aligned to content standards in order to give educators ideas of ways to modify lessons to incorporate movement. The findings can be found on a website page to serve as a tool for teachers. Major themes of this study were the most common use of movement currently in the classroom is brain breaks, resources for integrating movement with lower grade levels are typically easier to find, and movement in the classroom can result in healthy habits outside of school. The purpose of this study was to explore the benefits of movement and to create innovative materials for elementary teachers which help to integrate content areas with movement. There are so many benefits of getting students out of their seats during the school day, and integrating physical activity with content areas can be an effective way to do so. INTEGRATING MOVEMENT IN THE ELEMENTARY CLASSROOM: CREATING INNOVATIVE MATERIALS THAT INCORPORATE MOVEMENT WITH CONTENT AREAS 5
HUBUNGAN ANTARA ASUPAN PROTEIN, ZAT BESI, VITAMIN C, DAN INHIBITOR ABSORPSI ZAT BESI DENGAN STATUS ANEMIA PADA LANJUT USIA DI PAGUYUBAN “WIRA WREDHA” WIROGUNAN, YOGYAKARTA

The prevalence of anemia in older people based on data from NHANES III by 11,0% of men and 10,2% of women suffered from anemia. The study used observational study with cross sectional design. Subjects for the study were 99 older people at Paguyuban “Wira Wredha” Wirogunan, Yogyakarta who complied for inclusion and exclusion criteria. Data collected include protein intake, iron intake, vitamin C intake, iron absorption inhibitors intake, body weight, and hemoglobin concentration. Data related to intake of protein, iron, vitamin C, and iron absorption inhibitors obtained by interview using SQFFQ. Body weight measured using weight scales. Hemoglobin concentration measured using hemocue method. The statistical test used to analyze the relationship is a Chi Square test or Fisher’s exact test. The prevalence of anemia in older people was 18,2%. There was significant relationship between intake of protein (p=0,005) and iron (p=0,007) with anemia status in older people. There was no significant relationship between intake of vitamin C (p=0,636), iron absorption inhibitors (tannin, phytate, oxalate acid) with anemia status in older people (p=0,184; p=0,129; p=0,393) with anemia status in older people. There were significant relationship between intake of protein and iron with anemia status in older people at Paguyuban “Wira Wredha” Wirogunan, Yogyakarta. There were no significant relationship between intake of vitamin C and iron absorption inhibitors with anemia status in older people at Paguyuban “Wira Wredha” Wirogunan, Yogyakarta. Keywords: Anemia status, iron, iron absorption inhibitors, protein, vitamin C
CHRONIC FATIGUE SYNDROME: A WOMAN'S DILEMMA

Chronic Fatigue Syndrome (CFS) is an illness characterized by fatigue with varying levels of disability. According to the Centers for Disease Control (CDC) there are 2 to 5 million people in the United States who suffer from CFS and a disproportionate number are women. There are many theories of etiology of the condition and controversy has surrounded recommendations for diagnosis and treatment. CFS can mimic other diseases and women are doubly affected since many have comorbid conditions. While diagnoses and treatment are critical to the health of women, having the disease and coping with the symptoms may have a greater impact on their well-being and quality of life. The authors report qualitative data describing the experience of having CFS (N =22 ) and quantitative responses of 42 CFS sufferers reporting psychosocial factors. The psychosocial factors were measured by the Derogatis Stress Profile (DSP), Spielberger Trait-Anger Scale, Ways of Coping Survey, Profile of Moods States (POMS) Survey, and the Perceived Stress Scale. The findings indicate that CFS changes the lives of women who suffer with the disease and disrupts their relationships, careers, and perceptions of themselves.
Intervenção interdisciplinar na composição corporal e em testes de aptidão física de crianças obesas. DOI:10.5007/1980-0037.2012v14n2p134

Lifestyle changes are an important factor in the management and prevention of childhood obesity. The objective of this study was to analyze the effects of an exercise program (based on recreational activities) and nutritional counseling on body composition and physical fitness test performance in obese children. Forty-four children aged 8 to 11 years were divided into two gender- and age-matched groups, intervention (n = 22) and control (n = 22). Several parameters were measured before and after 12 weeks of participation in the program: weight, height, skinfold thickness (biceps, triceps, subscapular, suprailiac, abdominal and medial calf), circumferences (abdominal, arm, hip and calf) and the abdominal flexion and handgrip flexibility tests. The control group did not take part in the intervention. Thirty-two patients completed the study (16 in each group). The intervention group showed significant reductions in body mass index, triceps, subscapular and abdominal skinfold thickness, arm girth and sum of trunk skinfolds. There was a significant increase in right grip strength and abdominal strength. The control group showed a significant increase in body mass, waist circumference, subscapular and calf skinfold thickness, sum of trunk skinfolds, sum of limb skinfolds and arm and calf perimeters, as well as reduction in right hand grip strength. We conclude that the program was effective in reducing body fat and increasing physical fitness in children.
Maintenance and Reliability

This work shows the results of the comparative study of characteristic frequencies in terms of Power Spectral Density (PSD) or RMS generated by a blower unit and the SKFNU322 bearing. Data is collected following ISO 10816, using Emonitor software and with speed values in RMS to avoid high and low frequency signal masking. Bearing failure is the main cause of operational shutdown in industrial sites. The difficulty of prediction is the type of breakage and the high number of variables involved. Monitoring and analysing all the variables of the SKFNU322 bearing and those of machine operation for 15 years allowed to develop a new predictive maintenance protocol. This method makes it possible to reduce from 6 control points to one, and to determine which of the 42 variables is the most incidental in the correct operation, so equipment performance and efficiency is improved, contributing to increased economic profitability. The tests were carried out on a 500 kW unit of power and It was shown that the rotation of the equipment itself caused the most generating variable of vibrational energy.
Traffic-related air pollution and pediatric asthma in Durham County, North Carolina

Abstract Past studies have shown that traffic-related air pollution may increase pediatric asthma prevalence. We analyzed the relationship between distance of a child’s home to roadways and asthma prevalence in Durham County, North Carolina (NC). Data for children aged 5–12 years and with permanent addresses in Durham County were taken from the Decision Support Repository, an electronic warehouse of all patient records in the Duke University Hospital System. Records were analyzed using logistic regression analysis. Controlling for child race, age, sex, and household median income at the block group level, children who lived <75 m away from a local road were 20% less likely to be diagnosed with asthma. Our model did not show a relationship between the distance of a home to roadways and pediatric asthma prevalence for homes located at farther distances from local roads, or at any distance from NC State highways, US highways, or interstates. Our results indicate that traffic-related air pollution is not a major determinant for pediatric asthma prevalence in Durham County. As a generally low pollution area, the effects of traffic-related pollution may be less pronounced in Durham than in higher pollution areas. However, limitations in our modeling methods may have hindered our ability to detect a relationship. As the best strategy for decreasing the effects of traffic-related air pollution is to reduce other risk factors, Durham County can now take steps to break the cycle of disadvantage and disability of pediatric asthma, no matter the effect of traffic-related air pollution.
Barriers to antiretroviral therapy adherence for HIV-positive adolescents in South Africa

Background: The story of HIV in South Africa has been riddled with confusion and misinformation, claiming the lives of countless people. In 2014 HIV claimed the lives of over 140,000 people across the country. While the last 10 years have seen immense growth and improvement with regards to access to antiretroviral therapies (ART), new gaps in coverage have become apparent. We have entered an era in which children born HIV-positive are able to access treatment, and are likely to live through their teen years and beyond, but it is during this adolescent period that unique barriers threaten ART adherence efforts. Objective: This paper has two aims. Aim 1: Conduct a literature review of peer reviewed publications addressing barriers to ART adherence among HIV-positive adolescents in South Africa. Aim 2: Propose a pilot research project to improve ART adherence among adolescents seeking treatment in Khayelitsha, South Africa. Conclusion: There remains a notable gap in the literature with regards to data that determines and analyzes the barriers that HIV-positive adolescents on ART face within the context of South Africa. This paper seeks to fill the identified gaps and aims to summarize the important themes resulting from the literature search. In addition, it highlights potential barriers to adherence and outlines a pilot program to identify and address barriers for HIV-positive adolescents in Khayelitsha. Public Health Relevance: According to UNAIDS, if we address the issues of ART adherence within the adolescent population the current HIV/AIDS climate will change for the better. Increased adherence leads to lower and undetectable viral loads; lower viral loads then leads to a decreased likelihood of transmission, both horizontally and vertically. Ultimately, if greater adherence were to be achieved, there would be fewer people living with HIV and more people enabled to live longer, healthier and more productive lives.
Multidrug-resistant Acinetobacter - a challenge for public health

Aims: To discuss the various aspects associated with the emergence of carbapenem resistance in isolates of Acinetobacter baumannii and the spread of epidemic clones. Source of data: We consulted the databases SciELO, PubMed and Science Direct. We included articles published in English, primarily from 2000 to 2011. The key words were Acinetobacter, multidrug resistance, outbreaks, infection control measures, and risk factors. Summary of findings: Acinetobacter baumannii is an opportunistic pathogen involved in a wide spectrum of nosocomial infections, including bacteremia, meningitis and urinary tract infection. It is most prevalent as an agent of nosocomial pneumonia, particularly pneumonia associated with mechanical ventilation in intensive care units. Carbapenem antibiotics have been used as treatment of choice for infections caused by Acinetobacter, but currently the high rates of resistance to this class of antimicrobials have limited the therapeutic options. Resistance to carbapenem may be related to the loss of porins, to class B b-lactamases (metallo-b-lactamases) and more significantly, to the production class D b-lactamases (OXA-type carbapenemases). Outbreaks associated with the production of OXA-carbapenemases have been reported in different countries since the late 1990s, and the spread of epidemic clones have been documented. Conclusions: The high number of outbreaks already reported in the literature, the ease of spread of epidemic clones and the difficulty in treating, make Acinetobacter infections a serious public health problem.
Comparison of the Pain Relief Management of Acute Post- Operative Pain in Two Surgical Units in Hungary.

: The purpose of the study is to review the administration of pain relief medications in acute post-operative phase and compare the drug therapy after major surgical interventions in inpatient care units in order to assure quality of pain management. A double-group comparative study design was chosen using observations as comparison of examining pain regimens in two surgical units by comparing the 4-year recorded post-operative drug regimens of a total of 1054 patients after major surgical interventions; hip and knee replacements in Traumatology and the post-operative drug regimen administered following major surgical intervention at the department of Gynaecology, respectively. The results of the study suggest significant difference in medications, and dosage forms of medications used for acute post-operative pain relief through 4 consecutive years at Traumatology and Gynaecology. At the in patient unit of Traumatology the administration of Tramadol hydrochloride droplets has significantly increased while at Gynaecology the use of Nalbuphine hydrochloride ampoules showed significant increase. The results indicate that pain relief, even in acute therapy, requires effective and accurately administered doses. The latter, as this study points out, could be successfully solved with the conventional droplet dosage form. Inter-professional collaboration of doctors, clinical pharmacists and nurses has an impact to provide patients with successful, adequate and individually customized pain relief methods.
Gull-Wing Sagittal Patellar Osteotomy in Total Knee Arthroplasty

Compromised patellar bone stock poses significant technical challenges in knee revision surgery. The alternatives that have been proposed include reinsertion of a biconvex patellar component, patellar bone grafting, patellectomy, and leaving the unresurfaced patellar bone remnant in place. Various results have been reported with these methods, but not one of them has yet been widely accepted. A novel sagittal osteotomy that was used in four patients is described. This osteotomy leaves the extensor mechanism intact and allows the medial and lateral halves of the residual patella to hinge open in the shape of a “gull wing. ” This conforms to the femoral trochlear groove and when combined with particulate bone grafts, it consolidates as a mass resembling a patella. The procedure has been limited to severe cases and obviates the need for patellectomy.
Application-tailored linear algebra algorithms

In this paper, we tackle the problem of automatically generating algorithms for linear algebra operations by taking advantage of problem-specific knowledge. In most situations, users possess much more information about the problem at hand than what current libraries and computing environments accept; evidence shows that if properly exploited, such information leads to uncommon/unexpected speedups. We introduce a knowledge-aware linear algebra compiler that allows users to input matrix equations together with properties about the operands and the problem itself; for instance, they can specify that the equation is part of a sequence, and how successive instances are related to one another. The compiler exploits all of this information to guide the generation of algorithms, to limit the size of the search space, and to avoid redundant computations. We applied the compiler to equations arising as part of sensitivity and genome studies. For the first application, the algorithms produced by our compiler attained, when compared with ADIFOR, speedups of between 29× and 79×. In the case of genome studies, the produced algorithms outperformed the state-of-the-art libraries GenABEL and FaST-LMM by factors beyond 1000.
Theory-based learning in humans and machines

Humans are remarkable in their ability to rapidly learn complex tasks from little experience. Recent successes in Al have produced algorithms that can perform complex tasks well in environments whose simple dynamics are known in advance, as well as models that can learn to perform expertly in unknown environments after a great amount of experience. Despite this, no current AI models are able to learn sufficiently rich and general representations so as to support rapid, human-level learning on new, complex, tasks. This thesis examines some of the epistemic practices, representations, and algorithms that we believe underlie humans' ability to quickly learn about their world and to deploy that understanding to achieve their aims. In particular, the thesis examines humans' ability to effectively query their environment for information that helps distinguish between competing hypotheses (Chapter 2); children's ability to use higher-level amodal features of data to match causes and effects (Chapter 3); and adult human rapid-learning abilities in artificial video-game environments (Chapter 4). The thesis culminates by presenting and testing a model, inspired by human inductive biases and epistemic practices, that learns to perform complex video-game tasks at human levels with human-level amounts of experience (Chapter 5). The model is an instantiation of a more general approach, Theory-Based Reinforcement Learning, which we believe can underlie the development of human-level agents that may eventually learn and act adaptively in the real world. Thesis Supervisor: Joshua B. Tenenbaum Title: Professor of Computational Cognitive Science
Developing techniques for weather-aware prediction of user activities and future visits

In recent years, the accelerated escalation of smart phones has led to the increasing popularity of Location-Based Social Networking(LBSN) sites such as Foursquare, Facebook Places, Twitter etc. LBSNs allow and encourage users to publish information about their current location or visiting places through check-ins and offer them to associate their posts and photos with their check-ins and share with their friends and family as well as tagging them. These produce fast growing, fine-grained and vast in volume data and provide a means of user profiling and modeling. Huge volume of user generated data of social media presents an opportunity to find interesting insights about users’ preferences of places at different times. Prediction of users’ daily routine, finding users’ location preference, identification of users’ mobility patterns from the check-in datasets covers the current state of the art. Plethora of works have been done to find such comprehensions about user activity from check-in dataset of social media by considering various aspects such as, frequency of check-ins, time of check-ins, venue of check-ins etc. The knowledge of such intuitions about users’ preferences of places or activities has wide range of applications covering social media commerce, targeted advertisement, influencer marketing etc. Among all the works done so far, no one considers the influence of weather on human life while predicting or finding users’ mobility or activity pattern, though its effect is enormous. Earlier psychological studies show that weather has a strong influence on human life and its consideration for users’ where-abouts and what-abouts prediction is more constructive and pragmatic. Motivating from all these observations we propose the first approach to find user activity and mobility pattern from social media data based on weather condition. In this thesis, we develop several machine learning based models to predict future activity, visiting places and travel mode of users’ from previous users’ check-ins and travel patterns on a given weather condition, for example, a user may prefer to visit sea beaches on a sunny weather, whereas an indoor entertainment on a rainy weather. Again he or she may prefer cycling on a clear weather whereas taxi or private car on a rainy weather.
State of infectious disease in the Netherlands 2012

De uitbraken van kinkhoest en Salmonella Thompson in 2012 waren de meest in het oog springende infectieziekten van dat jaar. Dit blijkt uit de Staat van Infectieziekten in Nederland 2012, die inzicht geeft in ontwikkelingen van infectieziekten bij de Nederlandse bevolking. Daarnaast worden ook de ontwikkelingen in het buitenland beschreven die voor Nederland relevant zijn. Met deze jaarlijkse uitgave informeert het RIVM beleidsmakers van het ministerie van Volksgezondheid, Welzijn en Sport (VWS). Elk jaar komt er een thema aan bod; dit keer de ontwikkelingen in vaccins en vaccinatieprogramma's en de relevantie daarvan voor de Nederlandse volksgezondheid. De meeste vaccinaties worden gegeven vanuit nationale vaccinatieprogramma's, zoals het Rijksvaccinatieprogramma (ongeveer 2 miljoen prikken per jaar) en het Nationale Griep Preventieprogramma (ongeveer 3,5 miljoen prikken per jaar). Daarnaast wordt gevaccineerd bij onder andere reizigers, medische risicogroepen zoals mensen zonder milt en werknemers die een verhoogd risico hebben om een infectieziekte tijdens het werk op te lopen, zoals personeel in de zorg en in laboratoria. Per vaccinatieprogramma is in kaart gebracht in welke mate de ziekten voorkomen, wat het percentage gevaccineerden is en het aantal gegeven vaccins. Het percentage gevaccineerden bij reizigers, medische risicogroepen en werknemers is onbekend. Veranderingen in de maatschappij zorgen ervoor dat bepaalde groeperingen kritisch staan ten opzichte van vaccinaties. In het jaaroverzicht staat ook beschreven welke groepen afzien van vaccinatie, zoals orthodoxgereformeerden (circa 250.000 mensen) en antroposofen. Ook wordt de motivatie en houding van ouders besproken om hun kind wel of niet te laten vaccineren. Daarnaast komt de toename van het aantal ouderen en chronisch zieken aan bod. Hun gevoeligheid voor infecties maakt hen een belangrijke groep om (nieuwe) vaccinaties te overwegen.