Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Hémangiomes cutanés immatures. Etude épidémiologique de 351 cas.

The purpose of this study was to determine the course of cutaneous immature angiomas in a population of 362 children examined in a pediatric dermatology unit from 1975 to 1982. 461 angiomas were observed in these patients: 110 were of the naevus flammaeus type (port wine stain) including 23 forehead salmon patches. 351 were immature angiomas (IA)--strawberry angiomas. 3.5 p. 100 of children were afflicted of two types of hemangiomas. Results concerning the 282 patients with 351 IA are detailed as followed: average follow-up: 2 years; sex-ratio M/S 1.9, most of them Caucasians. Prematurity (data obtained prospectively during 1982): 19 p. 100; clinical features: dermal: 253, subcutaneous: 35, mixed pattern 63; 2 IA or more were detected in 12 p. 100 of the patients; site: head and neck; 49 p. 100, trunk: 21 p. 100, upper limbs: 14.5 lower limbs: 12 p. 100, genitals 3.5 p. 100; maximal size during follow-up: less than 1 cm: 36 p. 100, between 1 and 3 cm: 43 p. 100, more than 3 cm; 21 p. 100; time of onset: 51 p. 100 were noted at birth, 35 p. 100 during the first month, 13 p. 100 after the first month. Course of untreated IA is shown in figure 1. At the end of follow-up, spontaneous evolution in 52 patients was judged; very good in 44 p. 100, good in 41 p. 100, poor or bad in 15 p. 100. Minor complications (ulceration, infection, bleeding) were observed in 12.8 p. 100. Functional impairment requiring therapy was present in 2/4 plantar IA, 3/30 eyelid IA, 3/3 IA with laryngeal involvement. (ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Understanding Clusters of Tourist Behavior Associations using Network Analysis

ABSTRACT Identifying tourists’ associated behaviors enables industry practitioners to design suitable and efficient marketing strategies for different tourist groups. This study proposes the use of the relationships between tourists and their behaviors for constructing networks, and the adoption of the community detection method for clustering tourist behavior networks. With this approach, tourists’ behaviors can be clustered and visually investigated. Moreover, the evolution of groups of behaviors can be analyzed for obtaining insights into the origin of differences among different tourist groups. Survey data of visitors to Macao are used as a case study, and results provide valuable insights into tourists’ behaviors.
Backpacker Tourism and Local Community Development: An Analysis of Hostels as Drivers of Poverty Reduction in Sri Lanka

This thesis is an attempt to understand if hostels, being an essential component of the infrastructural support for backpacker tourism have been instrumental in lifting up local communities in light of socio-economic development. The analysis strives to explore not only the contours of change in the community level but also the changes in the institutions and structures within which the tourism industry operates to understand how the hostel communities create their own structures through exercising power, which is a manifestation of how capitals are accumulated and transformed. Primary fieldwork for this study was carried out in Unawatuna in the Southern Province of Sri Lanka. Pierre Bourdieu’s Theory of Practice was used to conceptualize how people start hostels and make a meaningful living out of backpacker tourism. The study is situated on two fundamental arguments that, (1) the non-mainstream tourism in most developing-country context calls for academic research as policy interventions seem to be minimal due to lack of hard data, and (2) with appropriate support from the government, the backpacker subsector of the tourism industry will flourish, which goes without saying that the livelihoods of those who support the subsector could potentially thrive. (Less)
You’ve Come a Long Way, Baby, but You Still Have a Long Way to Go: Gender-Based Pay Inequality in U.S. State Bureaucracies, 1995-2015

Previous research on gender-based inequality in public-sector state-level bureaucracies finds evidence of glass ceilings and glass walls; however, previous research does not evaluate these factors together, nor does this research extend beyond the late 1990s. This study uses newly available data from the U.S. Equal Employment Opportunity Commission (EEOC)—data spanning from 1995 to 2015 that include the entire universe of female and male administrators—to evaluate this research question: Are gender-based pay disparities and glass walls among administrators in state-level bureaucracies related to the policy/program missions of state agencies? This study observes administrative-level gender-based pay disparities in all state agency types. Furthermore, this study finds evidence of occupational segregation or glass walls in distributive and regulatory agencies, but not in redistributive agencies. The findings indicate some progress for women; however, as recently as 2015, U.S. state bureaucracies, on average, did not achieve gender equity among their administrative ranks.
Factors Influencing Acceptance of Routine HIV Testing and Counseling among Pregnant Women in Kibera Informal Settlement, Nairobi, Kenya

Acceptance of routine HIV councelling and testing (HCT) can go along way in providing the much needed support including treatment to alleviate suffering from HIV/AIDS. However, there is low uptake of routine HCT. The purpose of this study was to determine factors influencing acceptance of routine HCT. Specific objectives included to: determining the level of acceptance of routine HTC among pregnant women in Kibera informal settlement; determine socio-demographic characteristics influencing acceptance of routine HTC among pregnant women in Kibera informal settlement; determine institutional characteristics influencing acceptance of routine HTC among pregnant women in Kibera informal settlement; and, assess the knowledge, attitudes, and practices influencing acceptance of routine HTC among pregnant women in Kibera informal settlement. The study was across-sectional descriptive in nature employing both quantitative and qualitative approaches. Data was collected using structured interview schedules with open and closed type questions where a total of 400 respondents were interviewed. Three key informants from NASCOP, NACC, and the DASCO in Langata District were interviewed. Data was analyzed using SPSS version 17. Data was presented using charts, graphs and frequency tables. Factors that were significantly associated with acceptance of routine HIV testing and counseling were being married (χ 2 = 5.6, df = 1, P =0.018), attending ANC at least once (χ 2 = 5.06, df = 1, P =0.024), being in second or third trimester of pregnancy (χ 2 = 7.26, df = 1, P =0.007),satisfaction with pretest counseling (χ 2 = 33.417 df = 1, P =0.000), Defaut from ANC (χ 2 = 5.081, df = 1, P =0.024), knowledge whether HIV is curable (χ 2 = 5.312, df = 1 P =0.021), knowledge on availability of routine HIV counseling and testing (χ 2 = 17.848, df = 1, P =0.000), pretest counseling (χ 2 = 12.661, df = 1, P =0.000. Key informant interviews showed that low education level, ignorance and poverty contributed to low acceptance of routine HTC. It was concluded that marital status, low education level, lack of knowledge of risk factors for HIV infection and not attending ANC contribute to low acceptance of routine HTC. In addition, lack of access to government hospitals and awareness of routine HTC are major impediments of acceptance of routine HTC. Based on these findings to improve the acceptance of routine HTC the study recommends to Government of Kenya and other stake holders to design integrated HIV and reproductive health programmes targeting the youth and establish more public health facilities to increase accessibility.
Medborgarna och automatiserat beslutsfattande

I allt storre utstrackning infors automatiserat beslutsfattande i offentlig sektor. Det innebar att datorer ersatter handlaggare som beslutsfattare. Flera av de arenden som avgors med automatiserat .
Three Essays on Current International Financial Markets

This dissertation consists of three essays that address recent developments in international financial markets that have been of concern for scholars, policymakers, and practitioners. The first essay examines how cultural factors can influence individual investors’ trading behavior in response to risk in nine Eurozone countries. The markets studied were particularly affected by the global financial crisis, the subsequent European banking crisis, and the European sovereign debt crisis. Using mutual fund flows as proxy of investors’ trading behavior, our evidence indicates that a country culture variable significantly affects investors’ trading responsiveness to risk. Specifically, the impact of risk on fund flows is significantly positive and is larger in scale in countries with individualist cultures. The second essay attempts to investigate the effects of negative interest rate policies (NIRP) on foreign exchange and equity markets of eight European countries and Japan. To see the impacts of these policies, event studies and regime-switching vector autoregressive regression analyses are conducted for the nine countries that implement NIRP. The results provide valid evidence that the announcement of NIRP has a transitory effect on currency depreciation; long term effects are less evident. On the day of NIRP implementation, both currency and equity market returns reacted in response to the event efficiently and negatively, especially in Switzerland’s case. These outcomes suggest that simulative monetary policy by lowering interest rates below zero might have counter-effects from those observed when interest rates are lowered, but to rates that remain positive. Additionally, findings from the long term analyses explain that interest rate term structure and cointegration level of local and the U.S. equity index may be related to effectiveness of NIRP in currency and equity markets, respectively. The last essay examines the determinants of the price of the leading cryptocurrency, Bitcoin. The analyses identify a number of factors that significantly affect the returns to investments in Bitcoin including: trading volume, high-low price spread, and extreme price change in the previous period. The latter result supports the assertion that recent severe price fluctuations in Bitcoin markets are primarily due to speculative investment activities. Furthermore, evidences suggested in this study explain possibility of market compromise and inefficiency of the cryptocurrency market, implying pivotal risks for Bitcoin market participants.
Ethnomedicinal Plants Used Against Skin Diseases in Asansol Raniganj Coalfield Area of West Bengal, India

Every tribal community in India has some species of ethnomedicinal plants which are considered essential for its survival and well being. Asansol Raniganj coalfield area in West Bengal is an important mineral resource area with a rich vegetation of ethnomedicinal plants used in traditional medicine. Now-a -days skin diseases are common which can affect people of all ages starting from new born babies to the elderly people. An ethnobotanical study was conducted in Asansol Raniganj coalfield area and it was found that many ethnomedicinal plants are used to treat skin diseases apart from other ailments cured.
Determining the presence of a long-term/short-term dilemma for SMEs when adopting strategic orientation to improve performance

This study seeks to discuss a potential ‘long-term/short-term dilemma’ for small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs), which could cause tension when adopting two strategic orientations assumed to be complementary – market orientation (MO) and sales orientation (SO). Specifically, the objective of this study is to examine the role of MO and SO as mediators of the relationship between business approach and SME performance. An empirical study of 122 SMEs in the UK grocery sector is conducted. The results reveal that an apparent conflict or tension between market and SO seems to exist in practice. SMEs emphasise both strategic orientations as a way of framing their business approach. However, this emphasis does not hold when considering SME performance. The impact of business approach on performance only occurs through MO. There is no observable significance in the mediation of SO on this relationship. Theoretical and managerial implications for SME management literature and practice are developed.
A global meta-analyses of the response of multi-taxa diversity to grazing intensity in grasslands

Livestock grazing is an important component and driver of biodiversity in grassland ecosystems. While numerous studies and a few meta-analyses had been conducted on the response of single taxon diversity to grazing in grasslands, a synthesis of how multi-taxa diversity is affected has been largely missing, especially reflecting its changes along a grazing intensity gradient. We performed a comprehensive meta-analyses of 116 published studies on the species richness (SR) and Shannon−Wiener index (H′) of plants, arthropods, and microbes to examine the response of biodiversity to grazing intensity in temperate grasslands globally. This quantitative assessment showed that the response of SR and H′ to grazing intensity agreed with the intermediate disturbance hypothesis in grasslands; SR and H′ increased with light and moderate grazing intensities, while they decreased at heavy intensity. In addition, plant SR increased markedly with light and moderate grazing and declined with heavy grazing intensity; however, H′ increased at light intensity and declined at moderate and heavy intensities. Moreover, the SR and H′ of microbes were enhanced at light and moderate grazing and were significantly reduced with heavy intensity. The SR and H′ of arthropods monotonously declined with increasing grazing intensity. Importantly, structural equation modeling showed that grazing resulted in enhanced plant SR mainly through its negative effects on plant biomass. Grazing had negative effects on plant coverage and arthropod abundance so that arthropod SR declined with increased grazing intensity. Moreover, increased grazing intensity caused an increase in soil pH, decrease in soil moisture, and then a decrease in microbe SR. Our findings confirm that different taxa exhibit diverse responses to changes in grazing intensity, and the way that grazing intensity affects diversity also varied with different taxa. We strongly recommend considering the requirements of multi-taxa diversity when applying grazing management and including arthropods and microbes in monitoring schemes.
On the nature of accommodative micropsia.

: Both an increase in convergence and an increase in accommodation result in a decrease in the apparent size of objects of a fixed retinal image size (micropsia). The present study demonstrates that the accommodative micropsia produced by a minus sphere lens is due to the retinal image minification introduced by the lens and to the change in convergence accompanying accommodation. The accommodative act itself apparently does not result directly in micropsia.
Research on co-integration and causal relationship between China’s energy consumption and economic growth

This paper selects the annual data of China’s total energy consumption and GDP from 1978 to 2016 as a research sample, and uses Eviews to perform unit root test, cointegration test, Engle-Grange causality test and VEC model on GDP and energy consumption time series. The results show that the first-order difference between GDP and total energy consumption is stable at a significant level of 10%; GDP, total energy consumption and sub-category energy consumption have a co-integration relationship at a significant level of 5%; Engle-Grange causality test results show that at the 5% significant level, the causal relationship between GDP and energy consumption is obvious, and there is a two-way Granger causality.
Cryptocurrency Value and 51% Attacks: Evidence from Event Studies

In this article, an event studies approach is utilized to assess the influence of 51% attacks on proof-of-work (PoW) cryptocurrency prices. The study uses an exhaustive sample of 14 individual attacks on 13 cryptocurrencies. Across multiple event studies techniques, majority attacks on blockchains are consistently shown to immediately decrease corresponding coin prices by 12% to 15%. Significantly negative price response is robust in various event windows. Coin prices do not recover to pre-attack levels one week after the event. There is evidence of pump-and-dump schemes prior to the 51% attack, however the market demonstrates high efficiency after the attacks. 51% attacks are suggested to be a fundamental risk factor for cryptocurrency investments, primarily characteristic of small PoW coins with low hash rates. TOPIC: Currency Key Findings • 51% attacks on Proof-of-Work cryptocurrencies decrease their market prices by 12.60% on average. • The effect is robust to different measurement techniques and in various event windows. • There is evidence of insider trading and “pump-and-dump” schemes prior to the attacks.
Caracterizacao dos perfis comerciais na rede social Instagram

Neste artigo e apresentado um estudo resultante da analise de dados dos usuarios na rede social Instagram, identificando os diferentes perfis existentes. O Instagram e um aplicativo para divulgacao de fotos que se tornou popular nos ultimos anos e devido a isto, empresas e comerciantes estao cada vez mais investindo na divulgacao atraves dele. Isto mostra que as marcas estao interessadas em divulgar seus produtos de forma descontraida, fazendo com que seus clientes tenham um relacionamento mais proximo com a empresa. Sendo assim, esta pesquisa visa caracterizar as contas do Instagram, identificando e diferenciando usuarios comuns de usuarios comerciais. Em seguida, o estudo de caracterizacao e utilizado em uma abordagem de classificacao que foi capaz de diferenciar estes usuarios com alta precisao.
Ancillary market signalling: A two-stage model of economic reputation on ancillary market success

ABSTRACT Due to high market search costs, public information can have a stronger impact than private information on consumer choice behaviour. As a result, a priori economic success serves as a signal of high quality, reduces information asymmetries and can thus have an influence on the market performance in ancillary markets. Using weekly sales data from the ancillary DVD market, consisting of 8664 movies and their commercial performance between 2006 and 2018, we empirically test the influence of economic reputation on ancillary market success. We find clear evidence to suggest that former box office and DVD market success is positively associated with DVD sales. We additionally show that for distributors it is rational to follow a price skimming strategy of setting prices high when introducing new products to the market. These results provide practical insights into how businesses can maximize their profits by improving their decisions concerning product launch strategies.
The National Survey of Stroke. Economic impact.

: The estimated economic costs of stroke in 1976 amounted to $7,363,784,000 (based on a 6 percent gross, or 4 percent net, discount rate). Almost half were direct costs, the majority of these were related to inpatient hospital and nursing facility care. Only about six percent of the total were morbidity costs, and the remaining fifty percent consisted of mortality costs, stated in terms of the present value of future earnings. Direct costs include charges by short-term hospitals, extended care facilities, physicians and other medical and allied health personnel, and the costs of aids and appliances. Indirect costs include both morbidity and mortality costs. These costs are distributed as follows. [Formula: see text].
Deconstruction Of Deliberation Implementation And The Populist Meaning In The Perspective Of Prophetic Democracy In The Implementation Of Pancasila

Purpose of the study: This article aims at evaluating the implementation of popular sovereignty as a forum for deliberation in the election of regional heads as the implementation of the fourth precept of Pancasila.Methodology: This study was conducted by using the method of descriptive philosophical normative study. As a secondary legal material, this paper garnered information from literature, papers, journals, and other related studies.Main Findings: In the implementation of general election of regional heads, democracy in Article 18 paragraph (4) of the 1945 Constitution is not limited to direct or indirect election by the people. The election of regional heads can be carried out in conformity to the identity of Indonesia people.Applications of this study: This study can be beneficial to the government in reexamining the policy of the direct regional head general election considering that in the interpretation of Article 18 paragraph (4) of the 1945 Constitution, general election does not have to be implemented directly.The policy of the direct regional head general electionNovelty/Originality of this study: The notion as regards the implementation of the indirect regional head general election will have a less negative impact compared to the direct election.
How Do Internal Capital Markets Work? Evidence from the Great Recession

We study the inner workings of internal capital markets during the 2008–09 recession using a unique dataset of loans between business group firms in an emerging market. Intragroup loans increase quickly during the recession. Firms that are more central in the ownership network simultaneously increase lending and borrowing. Acting like simple intermediaries, central firms do not increase net lending. Our results imply that formal control rights are essential for intermediation in internal capital markets, particularly during distress. In line with previous results on winner-picking, receivers of intragroup loans are high-Q, financially constrained firms, which also perform significantly better than providers during the recession.
Generation of Optical Absorption Band in Colloidal Coffee at Extremely Alkaline pH

Coffee and caffeine have been used as solar absorbers and also to increase the thermal stability and efficiency of perovskite solar cells. In this work, we report the sensing of extremely alkaline pH by colloidal coffee solution aided by generation of an optical absorption band in the near-UV region. This generation of absorption band could be explained by the orientation induced dipole-dipole interactions arising from differing caffeine-solvent interactions with varying pH. Such a generation leads to the lowering of direct as well as indirect bandgaps from 4 eV-->2.8 eV& 3.4 eV-->2.5 eV, respectively. We also estimate the changes in optical energy storage efficiency, inferring it to be highest for pH 11 having the highest intensity of the generated absorption band (λ_abs≈360 nm). With these observations and further deductions, the work reported in this paper would be of immense interest to the researchers working in the field of development of chemical pH sensors and also in the development of novel UV absorbers.
Organización y funcionamiento de los servicios de salud del programa imss-solidaridad

In this report the organization and performance of the IMSS-Solidaridad Program of Mexico is described. This program is managed by the Mexican Institute for Social Security, which services 10.5 million inhabitants of the rural underserved areas, with federal government re­sources in 18 states. This study compares the structure and functioning of the IMSS-Solidaridad Program with Local Health Systems, as they have been proposed by the Panamerican Health Organization for country members and by the Ministry of Health of Mexico, particulary in relation to the decision-making process at local level. Some assets and limitations of the IMSS-Solidaridad Pro­gram are analyzed and, finally, concrete procedures to improve coordination between the IMSS-Solidaridad Pro­gram and other health services for similar populations (populations without social security protection) in Me­xico are suggested, with the purpose of using resources more adequately and succeed in the national goal to achieve equity in health.