Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Bioavailability of organic matter in the sediments of the Porcupine Abyssal Plain, northeastern Atlantic

We investigated spatial and temporal changes in quantity, quality and bioavailability of organic matter in abyssal sediments of the northeastern Atlantic. Sediment samples were collected in the Porcupine Abyssal Plain (PAP, 4800 m depth) during 6 oceanographic cruises from September 1996 to October 1998 down to a depth of 15 cm. Sedimentary proteins, carbohydrates and lipids, and their enzymatically hydrolysable fractions showed significant temporal changes, but different bio- chemical classes displayed different temporal patterns. Total proteins, carbohydrates and lipids dis- played high concentrations, whereas the potentially hydrolysable fractions accounted for only about 10% of their total pools. From September 1996 to October 1998, bioavailable organic carbon con- centration in the sediments decreased about 10 gC m -2 indicating that this benthic system was not steady state. Hydrolysed proteins and carbohydrates were characterised by different vertical pat- terns. Carbohydrates increased their relative significance with depth in the sediment indicating a shift of organic matter bioavailability with important trophodynamic implications for subsurface consumers. Vertical profiles of 'reactive' and refractory organic carbon in PAP sediments indicate that organic matter bioavailability in deeper sediment layers is higher than expected from previous theoretical models.
On the Regularity of the Free Boundary for Quasilinear Obstacle Problems

We extend basic regularity of the free boundary of the obstacle problem to some classes of heterogeneous quasilinear elliptic operators with variable growth that includes, in particular, the $p(x)$-Laplacian. Under the assumption of Lipschitz continuity of the order of the power growth $p(x)>1$, we use the growth rate of the solution near the free boundary to obtain its porosity, which implies that the free boundary is of Lebesgue measure zero for $p(x)$-Laplacian type heterogeneous obstacle problems. Under additional assumptions on the operator heterogeneities and on data we show, in two different cases, that up to a negligible singular set of null perimeter the free boundary is the union of at most a countable family of $C^1$ hypersurfaces: i) by extending directly the finiteness of the $(n-1)$-dimensional Hausdorff measure of the free boundary to the case of heterogeneous $p$-Laplacian type operators with constant $p$; $1<p<\infty$; ii) by proving the characteristic function of the coincidence set is of bounded variation in the case of non degenerate or non singular operators with variable power growth $p(x)>1$.
Semantic annotation of music collections: A computational approach

El consumo de la musica ha cambiado drasticamente en los ultimos anos. Con la llegada de la musica digital, el coste de produccion se ha reducido considerablemente. La expansion de la Web ha ayudado a promover la exploracion de mucho mas contenido musical. Algunas tiendas musicales on-line, como iTunes o Amazon, poseen millones de canciones en sus colecciones. Sin embargo, acceder a estas colecciones de una manera eficiente es todavia un gran reto. En esta tesis nos centramos en el problema de anotar colecciones musicales con palabras semanticas, tambien conocidas como tags. Los metodos utilizados en esta tesis estan cimentados sobre los campos de recuperacion de la informacion, la inteligencia artifical, y el procesado del senal. Proponemos un algoritmo para anotar musica automaticamente, usando similitud de audio a nivel de contenido para propagar tags entre canciones. El algoritmo se evalua extensamente usando multiples colecciones musicales de distinto tamano y calidad de los datos, incluyendo una coleccion de mas de medio millon de canciones, anotadas con tags sociales derivados de una comunidad musical. Evaluamos la calidad de nuestro algoritmo mediante una comparacion con algoritmos del estado del arte. Adicionalmente, discutimos la importancia de usar medidas de evaluacion que cubren diferentes dimensiones; es decir, evaluaciones a nivel de cancion y a nivel de tag. Nuestro algoritmo ha sido evaluado y se ha clasificado en altas posiciones en el concurso de evaluacion internacional MIREX 2011. Los resultados obtenidos tambien demuestran algunas limitaciones de la anotacion automatica, relacionadas con las inconsistencias en los datos, la correlacion de conceptos y la dificultad de capturar algunos tags personales con informacion del contenido. Esto es mas evidente en las comunidades musicales, donde los usuarios pueden anotar canciones con cualquier palabra, sea esta contextual o no. Con el fin de abordar estas limitaciones, presentamos un amplio estudio sobre la naturaleza de las folksonomias musicales. Concretamente, estudiamos si las anotaciones hechas por una gran comunidad de usuarios concuerdan con un vocabulario mas controlado y estructurado por parte de expertos en el campo. Los resultados revelan que algunos tags estan claramente definidos y comprendidos tanto desde el punto de vista de los expertos como el de la sabiduria popular, mientras que hay otros tags sobre los cuales es dificil encontrar un consenso. Por ultimo, extendemos nuestro previo trabajo a un amplio abanico de conceptos semanticos. Presentamos un metodo novedoso para descubrir conceptos semanticos implicitos en los tags sociales, y clasificar dichos tags con respecto a los conceptos semanticos. Los ultimos hallazgos pueden ayudar a entender la naturaleza de los tags sociales, y por consiguiente ser beneficiales para una adicional mejora para la anotacion automatica de la musica.
Genetic diversity of Fusarium solani isolates from black pepper (Piper nigrum L.) in Malaysia by ISSR marker.

For effective management and control of yellowing disease, inter-simple sequence repeat (ISSR) markers were employed to investigate genetic diversity among 34 isolates of Fusarium solani, which had been isolated from major growing areas of black pepper in Malaysia. Over 15 primers, with fragment sizes ranging from 200 bp to 3600 bp, and a total of 253 amplified loci were amplified in all 34 isolates, with an average of 17 bands per primer; among which 248 (98.02 %) were polymorphic. High genetic diversity at species level was revealed (Nei’s gene diversity h = 0.2671 and Shannon information index I = 0.4134, respectively). Sarikei population was found to have a higher degree of polymorphism compared to other populations. The dendrogram generated from UPGMA cluster analysis categorized the 34 F. solani isolates into two major clusters based on Jaccard’s similarity coefficients. Cluster I contained a unique isolate. Cluster II contained 33 isolates which were split into two different subclusters. Results showed that the clusters were not related to geographic origins. Meanwhile, ISSR fingerprinting generated highly polymorphic markers that could be used to study genetic characterization of F. solani and to clarify phylogenic relationships, as well as useful for efficient management of yellowing disease and finding breeding programmes to find cultivars of black pepper that are resistant to F. solani.
An indirect sinus floor elevation by using piezoelectric surgery with platelet-rich fibrin for sinus augmentation: A short surgical practice

Introduction: The aim of this surgical practice is to present a case report to describe a technique for sinus floor augmentation of an atrophic posterior maxilla by platelet-rich fibrin (PRF) has been used as a graft material with a one-step crestal approach (indirect sinus lift) where the residual bone is less than 7 mm in the atrophic posterior maxilla. Sinus floor elevation was performed with a crestal approach by using piezosurgery. Case Report: A 38-year-old female with an atrophic right posterior maxilla was treated with sinus floor augmentation and immediate implant placement using PRF as the sole graft material in our implant clinic, maxillofacial department, Sulaimany teaching hospital prior to surgery the residual bone height was approximately 2–4 mm but six months after surgery, orthopantomogram show that the use of PRF as a graft material during sinus floor augmentation induces natural bone regeneration. Conclusion: Herein, illustrate a minimally invasive procedure aimed at sinus floor elevation with immediate implant placement by crestal approach, PRF only is a safer and easy available simpler technique than the protocol graft materials and piezosurgery device to prevent Schneiderian membrane perforation. (This page in not part of the published article.) International Journal of Case Reports and Images, Vol. 8 No. 6, June 2017. ISSN – [0976-3198] Int J Case Rep Images 2017;8(6):380–384. www.ijcasereportsandimages. com Neamat et al. 380 CASE REPORT PEER REVIEWED | OPEN ACCESS An indirect sinus floor elevation by using piezoelectric surgery with platelet-rich fibrin for sinus augmentation: A short surgical practice Ali H. Neamat, Shakhawan M. Ali, Saman W. Boskani, Payman Kh. Mahmud
Restrained search predictive control of dual three-phase induction motor drives

The interest in multiphase drives has re-emerged in the last decade, being the dual three-phase induction motor drive one of the most popular options. Predictive control techniques, already implemented in three-phase drives, have been recently adapted to the multiphase case. Schemes proposed so far have restricted the available number of voltage source inverter (VSI) switching vectors but do not impose any constraint on the allowable commutations of these vectors. This paper proposes not to select a subgroup of possible VSI switching vectors, but to constrain the commutations involved in the next sampling period. This procedure allows decreasing the switching period and improving the predictive control performance. The viability and effectiveness of the proposal is verified by simulation.
Barriers to transport in aperiodically time-dependent two-dimensional velocity fields: Nekhoroshev's theorem and "Nearly Invariant" tori

In this paper we consider fluid transport in two- dimensional flows from the dynamical systems point of view, with the focus on elliptic behaviour and aperiodic and finite time dependence. We give an overview of previous work on general nonautonomous and finite time vector fields with the purpose of bringing to the attention of those working on fluid transport from the dynamical systems point of view a body of work that is extremely relevant, but appears not to be so well known. We then focus on the Kolmogorov-Arnold-Moser (KAM) theorem and the Nekhoroshev theorem. While there is no finite time or aperiodically time-dependent version of the KAM theorem, the Nekhoroshev theorem, by its very na- ture, is a finite time result, but for a "very long" (i.e. exponen- tially long with respect to the size of the perturbation) time interval and provides a rigorous quantification of "nearly in- variant tori" over this very long timescale. We discuss an ape- riodically time-dependent version of the Nekhoroshev theo- rem due to Giorgilli and Zehnder (1992) (recently refined by Bounemoura, 2013 and Fortunati and Wiggins, 2013) which is directly relevant to fluid transport problems. We give a de- tailed discussion of issues associated with the applicability of the KAM and Nekhoroshev theorems in specific flows. Finally, we consider a specific example of an aperiodically time-dependent flow where we show that the results of the Nekhoroshev theorem hold.
Chapter 5 Can Corporate Social Responsibility Fill Institutional Voids ?

We conduct empirical analysis on the relation between firm value and corporate social responsibility (CSR) using 134,823 observations of 2542 firms across 44 countries from 2009 to 2014. We find that the firm value is positively related to the overall CSR score of the firm. At a more granular level, we find that good environmental score is positively related to the firm value and good social and governance scores are negatively related to the firm value. Since these firms operate in different institutional frameworks, we explore whether the institutional voids—the absence of institutions or intermediaries that are instrumental in supporting business operations in a country—may result in greater firm valuation for its CSR and vice versa. Our results show that firms’ environmental scores and social scores receive higher valuation in countries with weaker institutions. Overall, our findings suggest that CSR creates value for firms by filling institutional voids in their home country.
Resale Price Maintenance with Secret Contracts and Retail Service Externalities

We analyze a setting where a monopolist sells through retailers that set prices and provide valuable but non-contractible services to customers. We assume that contracts are private. We find that purely bilateral price restraints have no effect on the equilibrium outcome and that the standard Bertrand prices and service levels prevail. We also show that if manufacturers can commit to industry-wide resale prices, they can obtain higher prices and service levels but will generally not be able to achieve the fully integrated outcome. Using a specific linear demand system, we find that industry-wide price floors are harmful to consumers.
Inflation and Relative Price Variability: Further Evidence from Malaysia

There are different theories which relate inflation to relative price variability (RPV). While menu cost model relates RPV to expected inflation, signal extraction model and extension of signal extraction relate RPV to inflation uncertainty and unexpected inflation. Using Malaysian data from 1994-2011, this study further investigates the relationship between inflation and the RPV while taking into account some other aspects of inflation which are inflation uncertainty, expected inflation and unexpected inflation. These aspects of inflation are not often discussed by previous studies in Malaysia. An autoregressive GARCH model is employed to decompose inflation to expected and unexpected elements while the conditional variance of the GARCH model is used as a proxy for inflation uncertainty. The results are consistent with menu cost model as they show that expected inflation increases RPV. However, unexpected inflation is also positively and significantly correlated with RPV and the equality test on coefficients shows that the sign of unexpected inflation is irrelevant and only its magnitude matters as predicted by extension of signal extraction model. Based on these results the study concludes that while empirical evidences support both menu cost and extension of signal extraction, none of the theories on its own can completely explain the determinants of RPV.
How to Calculate Nanocapacitance

Today, nano-sized capacitors are widely used for storage of electric energy. Consequently, it’s too important the knowing how to estimate their capacitance theoretically. This can’t be done based on the standard formula useful for macroscopic capacitors with bulk dielectric layers. There is proposed a new formula determining nanocapacitance from effective permittivity and effective thickness of the nanofilm dielectric placed between the nanocapacitor plate-electrodes. This formula explains how the capacitance of a nanocapacitor may significantly differ from its geometric value.
Discrete Computational Methods for Robotic Additive Manufacturing

The research presented in this paper is part of a larger, emerging body of research into large-scale 3D printing. The research attempts to develop a computational design method specifically for largescale 3D printing of architecture. Influenced by the concept of Digital Materials, this research is situated within a critical discussion of what fundamentally constitutes a digital object and process. This requires a holistic understanding, taking into account both computational design and fabrication. The intrinsic constraints of the fabrication process are used as opportunities and generative drivers in the design process. The paper argues that a design method specifically for 3D printing should revolve around the question of how to organize toolpaths for the continuous addition or layering of material. Two case-study projects advance discrete methods as efficient ways to compute a continuous printing process. In contrast to continuous models, discrete models allow users to serialize problems and errors in toolpaths. This allows a local optimization of the structure, avoiding the use of global, computationally expensive, problem-solving algorithms. Both projects make use of a voxel-based approach, where a design is generated directly from the combination of thousands of serialized toolpath fragments. The understanding that serially repeated elements can be assembled into highly complex and heterogeneous structures has implications stretching beyond 3D printing. This combinatorial approach for example also becomes highly valuable for construction systems based on modularity and prefabrication.
Apelinergic system in the kidney: implications for diabetic kidney disease

The bioactive peptides of the apelinergic system and its receptor APJ have been shown to play a protective role in experimental cardiovascular and diabetic kidney disease (DKD). Mechanisms of this renoprotective effect remain to be elucidated. In this study, we examined the localization of APJ within the normal kidney and its kidney expression in the db/db model of DKD. The effect of hyperglycemia and angiotensin II on APJ was examined in cultured podocytes. In the glomerulus, APJ colocalized with podocyte but not endothelial cell markers. In podocytes stimulated with Pyr1Apelin‐13, a change in the phosphorylation status of the signaling proteins, AKT, ERK, and p70S6K, was observed with an increase 15 min after stimulation. Apelin‐13 decreased activity of Caspase‐3 in podocytes after high glucose treatment reflecting an antiapoptotic effect of APJ stimulation. In podocytes, APJ mRNA was downregulated in high glucose, when compared to normal glucose conditions and exposure to angiotensin II led to a further significant decrease in APJ mRNA. APJ and preproapelin mRNA levels in kidneys from db/db mice were markedly decreased along with decreased tubular APJ protein by western blotting and immunostaining when compared to db/m controls. In conclusion, the apelinergic system is decreased in kidneys from db/db mice. Within the glomerulus, APJ is mainly localized in podocytes and in this cell type its activation by Apelin‐13 abolishes the proapoptotic effect of high glucose, suggesting a potential therapeutic role of apelin and emerging agonists with extended half‐life for therapy of DKD.
Yangian algebra and correlation functions in planar Gauge theories

In this work we consider colour-ordered correlation functions of the fields in integrable planar gauge theories such as \superN=4 supersymmetric Yang–Mills theory with the aim to establish Ward–Takahashi identities corresponding to Yangian symmetries. To this end, we discuss the Yangian algebra relations and discover a novel set of bi-local gauge symmetries for planar gauge theories. We fix the gauge, introduce local and bi-local BRST symmetries and propose Slavnov–Taylor identities corresponding to the various bi-local symmetries. We then verify the validity of these identities for several correlation functions at tree and loop level. Finally, we comment on the possibility of quantum anomalies for Yangian symmetry.
The Relationship of Outdoor Recreation and Gardening With Depression Among Individuals With Disabilities

The purpose of this study is to identify the relationship between outdoor recreation participation and depressive symptoms among individuals with disabilities. The current paper compares three outdoor recreation predictors (dichotomized participation, participation index score, and participation frequencies) to two depression dependents (dichotomized current major depression and raw depression index score). Results reveal that there is a negative relationship between outdoor recreation participation and depression, outdoor recreation participants had lower overall depression scores than non-participants, and lower depression scores were related to more frequent outdoor recreation participation. Respondents participating in outdoor recreation at least 4 times a week had the lowest mean depression score. 1Chapter 2 was coauthored by Justin Wilson and Keith Christensen for submission to the Journal of Leisure Research.
Special or Inclusive Education: Future Trends.

In this article, Lani Florian, Professor of Social and Educational Inclusion at the University of Aberdeen, examines the relationships between ‘special’ and ‘inclusive’ education. She looks at the notion of specialist knowledge among teachers and at the roles adopted by staff working with pupils with ‘additional’ or ‘special’ needs in mainstream settings. She explores the implications of the use of the concept of ‘special needs’– especially in relation to attempts to implement inclusion in practice – and she notes the tensions that arise from these relationships. She goes on to ask a series of questions: How do teachers respond to differences among their pupils? What knowledge do teachers need in order to respond more effectively to diversity in their classrooms? What are the roles of teacher education and ongoing professional development? How can teachers be better prepared to work in mixed groupings of pupils? In seeking answers to these questions, Lani Florian concludes that we should look at educational practices and undertake a thorough examination of how teachers work in their classrooms. She suggests that it is through an examination of ‘the things that teachers can do’ that we will begin to bring meaning to the concept of inclusion.
Running head: SMILING INTENSITY AND TRUST Effects of Attractiveness on Perceived Trustworthiness

Physical attractiveness is associated with a variety of positive social attributes, with trustworthiness being one of the most important. While there are several different ways to perceive attractiveness and trust, an individual’s smile is an important part of the process. This study investigated the interactions of facial attractiveness and smiling intensity on rapid assessments of attractiveness and trustworthiness. Participants rated the perceived attractiveness and trustworthiness of three sets of male and three sets female faces, each with either a closed, open, or extreme smiling intensity. Results reveal that attractiveness and trust were both influenced by the smiling intensity; a smiling intensity increased from a closed to open expression so to did ratings of attractiveness and trust. Extreme smiles proved to be the exception, ratings of both attractiveness and trustworthiness decreased for extreme smiles. SMILING INTENSITY AND TRUST 3
On the phononic bandgap of carbon nanotubes

On the phononic bandgap of carbon nanotubes (CNTs), we show in what chirality CNTs have phononic bandgaps and its dependence on the diameters of CNTs. We find that, though the rule where CNTs have phononic bandgaps is the same as in the electronic structure case, the diameter dependence is different. The phononic bandgaps of the zigzag-CNTs reveal "three" kinds of diameter dependence due to the anisotropy of graphene phonon band around the K point in k-space. We also show the crossover from one- to two-dimensional characteristics in phononic bandgaps.