Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
NON‐SPECIFICITY OF SUDAN BLACK B IN THE DIAGNOSIS OF ACUTE MYELOID LEUKAEMIA

R A I A I L L E . K. &SANY. 1. (1982) Clinical evaluation of mycloma osteoclastic bone lesions. 11. Induced hypocalcemia test using salmon calcitonin. Metabolic Borie Disease arid Related Kasearch. 4, 39-42. BLANC. D. CHAPIIY. M.C. & MEIINIER. P. (1977) Evaluation de I'activite osteoclastique par le test d'hypocalcemie provoqute par la calcitonine de saumon. Nouvdle Presse Mkiiccile. 6, 2489-2494. DELAMORE, I.W. (1982) Hypercalcaemia and myeloma. British lourrial of Haematology. 5 1, 507-509. DELMAS. P. & MEUNIER. P ( 198 1 ) Le Dirliloroni4th! jIPrie Diphosphonnte en Th6raprutiquP: k t CI 2 MDP et la Prhentioti de I'Ostkolgse du MyPlortie OSSPUX Multiple (ed. by P. Delmas and P. Meunier). pp. 269-297.
A new high performance phase shifter using Ba/sub x/Sr/sub 1-x/TiO3 thin films

In this paper, a new device topology has been proposed to implement parallel plate capacitors using Ba/sub x/Sr/sub 1-x/TiO/sub 3/ (BST) thin films. The device layout utilizes a single parallel capacitor and minimizes conductor losses in the base electrode. The new design simplifies the monolithic process and overcomes the problems associated with electrode patterning. An X-band 180/spl deg/ phase shifter has been implemented using the new device design. The circuit provided 240/spl deg/ phase shift with an insertion loss of only 3 dB at 10 GHz at room temperature. We have shown a figure of merit 93/spl deg//dB at 6.3 GHz and 87/spl deg//dB at 8.5 GHz. To our knowledge, these are the best figure of merit results reported in the literature for distributed phase shifters implemented using BST films at room temperature.
Penile Arteries and Erection

Alterations in the flow of blood to and from the penis are thought to be the most frequent causes of male erectile dysfunction and, therefore, the present review focuses on the penile vasculature. In the flaccid state, tonic noradrenaline release from the sympathetic nerves contracts penile arterial and corporal smooth muscle through activation of postjunctional α1-adrenoceptors, both by increasing intracellular calcium and by enhancing the sensitivity of the contractile apparatus for calcium. In addition, noradrenaline inhibits vasodilatatory neurotransmitter release by prejunctional α2-adrenoceptors. The exact role of the sympathetic neurotransmitters, neuropeptide Y and adenosine 5′-triphosphate, in erection is largely unknown. Penile vasodilatation during erection is mediated by nitric oxide (NO) through activation of guanylyl cyclase in the smooth muscle layer, followed by increases in cyclic guanosine monophosphate lowering of intracellular calcium and desensitisation of the contractile apparatus for calcium. Acetylcholine, vasoactive intestinal peptide as well as peptides in sensory nerves probably also play a role in penile vasodilation. Increased flow through the penile arteries stimulates the endothelium leading to release of NO, prostanoids and a non-NO non-prostanoid factor, and as such enhances the vasodilatation, while the role of endothelium-derived contractile factors in penile vasoconstriction is not clear. Erectile dysfunction shares arterial risk factors with ischaemic heart disease, and diabetes, age, and hypercholesterolaemia are associated with impairment of both neurogenic and endothelium-dependent vasodilator mechanisms in corpus cavernosum. Only few studies have investigated the impact of these risk factors on the penile vasculature, although recent evidence suggests that arterial insufficiency precedes changes in corpus cavernosum leading to erectile dysfunction.
Beneficial hemodynamic and renal effects of adrenomedullin in an ovine model of heart failure.

BACKGROUND Adrenomedullin is a recently discovered endogenous peptide with hypotensive and natriuretic actions in normal animals. Circulating and ventricular adrenomedullin are elevated in congestive heart failure, suggesting a possible role in the pathophysiology of this disease. No studies have previously examined the effects of adrenomedullin in heart failure. METHODS AND RESULTS Eight sheep with pacing-induced heart failure received human adrenomedullin(1-52) at 10 and 100 ng x kg(-1) x min(-1) I.V. for 90 minutes each. Compared with vehicle control data, adrenomedullin increased plasma cAMP (high dose, P<.05) in association with dose-dependent falls in calculated peripheral resistance (13 mm Hg x L(-1) x min(-1), P<. 001), mean arterial pressure (9 mm Hg, P<.001), and left atrial pressure (5 mm Hg, P<.001) and increases in cardiac output (0.5 L/min, P<.001). Adrenomedullin increased urine sodium (threefold, P<.05), creatinine (P<.05) and cAMP excretion (P<.01), creatinine clearance (P<.05), and renal production of cAMP (P<.05), whereas urine output was maintained during infusion and raised after infusion (P<.05). Adrenomedullin reduced plasma aldosterone levels (P<.05), whereas plasma atrial and brain natriuretic peptide concentrations were unchanged during infusion and rose after infusion (P<.01 and P<.05, respectively). Plasma catecholamine, cortisol, renin, calcium, and glucose concentrations were not significantly altered. CONCLUSIONS Adrenomedullin reduced ventricular preload and afterload and improved cardiac output in sheep with congestive heart failure. Despite the clear fall in arterial pressure, adrenomedullin increased creatinine clearance and sodium excretion and maintained urine output. These results imply an important pathophysiological role for adrenomedullin in the regulation of pressure and volume in heart failure and raise the possibility of a new therapeutic approach to this disease.
Changes in the maternal and fetal renin‐angiotensin systems in response to angiotensin II type 1 receptor blockade and angiotensin‐converting enzyme inhibition in pregnant sheep during late gestation

The effects of maternal administration of either an angiotensin II type 1 (AT1) receptor antagonist (GR138950) or an angiotensin‐converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor (captopril) on the renin‐angiotensin system (RAS) were investigated in chronically catheterized ewes and their fetuses during late gestation. From 127 +/ࢤ 1 days of gestation until parturition at 145 +/ࢤ 2 days, each ewe received daily i.v. injections of GR138950 (3 mg kg‐1, n = 10 animals) or captopril (3 mg kg‐1, n = 6) or an equivalent volume of vehicle solution (0.9% NaCl, n = 10). On the first day of treatment, plasma renin concentrations in the pregnant ewe increased within 2 h of administration of either GR138950 (median change followed by lower and upper quartiles (25%, 75%): +38.3 ng ml‐1 h‐1 (15.6, 80.7); P < 0.05) or captopril (+22.1 ng ml‐1 h‐1 (19.2, 28.8); P < 0.05). Maternal plasma concentrations of angiotensin II (AII) also increased by 871 pg ml‐1 (555, 1340; P < 0.05) in the GR138950‐treated ewes. In the fetuses of both groups of drug‐treated animals, an increase in plasma renin concentration was observed within 2 h of maternal treatment with either GR138950 (+11.6 ng ml‐1 h‐1 (1.2, 18.6); P < 0.05) or captopril (+59.3 ng ml‐1 h‐1 (41.7, 74.6); P < 0.05). These short‐term changes in circulating renin and AII concentrations observed in the pregnant ewe were sustained after 1 week of GR138950 administration. In addition, 1 week of GR138950 treatment decreased plasma angiotensinogen (Ao) concentrations in both the ewe (‐0.36 microgram ml‐1 (‐0.58, ‐0.16); P < 0.05) and the fetus (‐0.43 microgram ml‐1 (‐0.59, ‐0.09); P < 0.05). A long‐term reduction in maternal plasma AII, and an increase in fetal plasma renin concentration, were associated with 1 week of captopril administration. Neither drug had any consistent effect on plasma ACTH or cortisol concentrations in the pregnant ewe or fetus. These findings show that, during ovine pregnancy, antagonism of maternal AII activity, either by blockade of the AT1 receptor or by inhibition of AII synthesis, induces changes in the circulating components of the RAS in the mother and fetus. In both the pregnant ewe and fetus, the RAS is shown to be activated by suppression of AII activity.
Nonlinear Burnett coefficients.

We derive exact equilibrium fluctuation expressions for the nonlinear Burnett coefficients for the electrical conductivity of a fluid. The Burnett coefficients define a Taylor-series expansion of the conductivity in powers of the electrical current density. The fluctuation expressions may be calculated from an analysis of the time-dependent fluctuations of the equilibrium system constrained so that the mean electrical current is zero.
Haemorrhagic septicaemia, its significance, prevention and control in Asia

Haemorrhagic septicaemia (HS) is an endemic disease in most countries of Asia and sub-Saharan Africa. Within the Asian Region, countries can be classified into three categories, on the basis of incidence and distribution of the disease; these are respectively countries where the disease is endemic or sporadic, clinically sus- pected but not confirmed, or free. Economic losses due to HS are not only confined to losses to the animal industry, but also rice production on account of its high prevalence among draught animals used in rice fields. Only a few attempts have been made to estimate economic losses, the methodologies used in different countries have varied, and many are not based on active surveillance, and a consideration of all components of direct and indirect losses. Most Asian countries rank HS as the most important contagious disease or the most important bacterial disease in cattle and buffaloes. Resource allocation for prevention and control of HS nationally or internationally will evidently depend on a correct estimate of its economic impact. e key factors in prevention and control would be timely and correct reporting, accurate and rapid diagnosis, strategic use of vaccines with the attainment of a high coverage where necessary with a high quality vaccine. National level activities geared towards attainment of these objectives may be with advantage supported and strengthened by international organisations involved in animal health. e present paper attempts to review aspects related to the epidemiology, control and containment of HS in Asia and, proposes some key issues on which a regional programme for HS control in this continent should be centred.
Lapatinib plus capecitabine for HER2-positive advanced breast cancer: a multicentre study of Anatolian Society of Medical Oncology (ASMO)

Abstract Lapatinib is the first dual tyrosine kinase inhibitor of human epidermal growth factor receptor type 2 (HER2/neu) and epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR). The present study evaluated the efficacy and tolerability of the combination of lapatinib and capecitabine in patients with metastatic breast cancer (MBC) who progressed after therapy with trastuzumab, a taxane and/or anthracycline. A total of 203 patients with a median age of 48 years (range: 25–82 years) were evaluated retrospectively in 11 centres between September 2007 and May 2011. All the patients had HER2-positive MBC progressing after trastuzumab and chemotherapy including an anthracycline and/or taxane. All patients were treated with the combination of lapatinib (1250 mg/day, continuously) and capecitabine (2000 mg/m2 on days 1 through 14 of a 21-day cycle). Data on demographics, clinical outcome, and toxicity were collected for descriptive analyses. The median follow-up was 10·7 months (range: 1–40 months). An overall response rate (ORR) of 33·4% was achieved including 7 complete responses (CR, 3·4%), 61 partial responses (PR, 30·0%), and 44 stable disease (37·9%). Clinical benefit rate of 71·3% was achieved. Median progression-free survival (PFS) was 7 months (95% CI: 6–10 months), with a median overall survival (OS) of 15 months (95% CI: 12–18 months). The most common side effects were hand–foot syndrome (46·8%), nausea (42·3%), fatigue (42·2%), anorexia (38·5%), diarrhea (31·5%), and rash (29·6%). Grade 3–4 toxicities were identified as hand foot syndrome (7·9%), diarrhea (6·9%), fatigue (5·9%), and rash (5·4%). There were no symptomatic cardiac events. Lapatinib and capecitabine combination therapy is effective and well tolerated in patients with MBC who had progressive disease after trastuzumab, taxane, and/or anthracycline therapy, as evidenced by this retrospective evaluation. Toxicity was mild to moderate with low grade 3–4 toxicity.
Effect of antihypertensive treatment on retinal microvascular changes in hypertension

Objective Hypertension causes arteriolar narrowing and rarefaction in the retinal circulation, but the extent to which these changes are reversible by antihypertensive treatment is not well studied. We compared the effect of antihypertensive treatment with a calcium-channel-blocker-based regimen and an angiotensin-converting-enzyme-inhibitor-based regimen on the retinal microvasculature. Methods Twenty-five patients (17 men, age range 24–71 years) with untreated hypertension were randomized to treatment with an amlodipine-based (n = 12) or lisinopril-based (n = 13) regimen in a double-blind, prospective parallel limb trial for 52 weeks. Measurements of blood pressure and the retinal microvasculature were made at baseline and at the end of the study. Results Both the amlodipine-based and lisinopril-based treatments reduced blood pressure to similar extents. Blood pressure reduction was associated with a reduction in arteriolar narrowing, a widening of arteriolar branch angle and an increase in arteriolar density. There were no significant differences between the two treatment regimens. Conclusion Antihypertensive treatment is associated with improvement in arteriolar narrowing and rarefaction. Improved microvascular structure may contribute to the beneficial effects of antihypertensive treatment in hypertension.
Repeated Injury to the Lumbar Nerve Roots Produces Enhanced Mechanical Allodynia and Persistent Spinal Neuroinflammation

Study Design. A lumbar radiculopathy model investigated pain behavioral responses after nerve root reinjury. Objectives. To gain a further understanding of central sensitization and neuroinflammation associated with chronic lumbar radiculopathy after repeated nerve root injury. Summary of Background Data. The pathophysiologic mechanisms associated with chronic radicular pain remain obscure. It has been hypothesized that lumbar root injury produces neuroimmunologic and neurochemical changes, sensitizing the spinal cord and causing pain responses to manifest with greater intensity and longer duration after reinjury. However, this remains untested experimentally. Methods. Male Holtzman rats were divided into two groups: a sham group having only nerve root exposure, and a chromic group in which the nerve root was ligated loosely with chromic gut suture. Animals underwent a second procedure at 42 days. The chromic group was further divided into a reinjury group and a chromic-sham group, in which the lumbar roots were only re-exposed. Bilateral mechanical allodynia was continuously assessed throughout the study. Qualitative assessment of spinal cord glial activation and IL-&bgr; expression was performed. Results. Mechanical allodynia was significantly greater on both the ipsilateral and contralateral sides after reinjury (P < 0.001), and the response did not return to baseline after reinjury, as it did with the initial injury. There were also persistent spinal astrocytic and microglial activation and interleukin-1&bgr; expression. Conclusions. The bilateral responses support central modulation of radicular pain after nerve root injury. An exaggerated and more prolonged response bilaterally after reinjury suggests central sensitization after initial injury. Neuroinflammatory activation in the spinal cord further supports the hypothesis that central neuroinflammation plays an important role in chronic radicular pain.
A mutational analysis of conidial development in Aspergillus nidulans.

NDIVIDUAL morphological mutants have been studied in many higher organ' isms such as Drosophila (HADORN 1955) and the mouse (GRUNEBERG 1952), but a rigorous mutational analysis of the type employed on many biochemical pathways is readily carried out only in microorganisms. The most remarkable study of this type is the work on bacteriophage T4 (EPSTEIN et al. 1963) in which the whole of the development of the virus is open to analysis. In more complex organisms the spectrum of morphological mutants obtainable is very broad (e.g., in Neurospora: GARNJOBST and TATUM 1967) and analysis can only be carried to any depth if attention is confined to a process such as sporulation (reviewed in HALVORSON, VARY and STEINBERG 1966). or to mutants affecting an individual enzyme (e.g., BRODY and TATUM 1966). Aspergillus nidulans, unlike most eukaryotes, lends itself to a similar approach since it can be treated as a microorganism and has a well-studied genetic system (PONTECORVO et al. 1953). The conidial apparatus is a particularly suitable subject, as the structure is a well-defined one, and the spores possess a distinctive green pigment so that mutants lacking this can readily be picked up and examined for modification or absence of conidia. Most important, however, is the fact that the conidia are dispensable structures, inessential for normal growth, and indeed, inessential for storage and propagation since the sexual cycle in this homothallic organism provides an alternative source of spores. The structure of the conidial apparatus of Aspergillus nidulans is shown in Figures 1 and 2. Like the hyphae, the conidiophores and vesicles are multinucleate, but the sterigmata and conidia are uninucleate (PONTECORVO et al. 1953; CLUTTERBUCK 1969). Initiation of conidiation in ascomycetes is complex (MORTON 1961 ; TURIAN 1966), and preliminary studies in A. nidulans suggest that there is a balance between conidiation and production of cleistothecia or aerial mycelia. Considering this complexity, it was decided to accept for study only those mutants that had a normal density of conidiophore initials; that is, to confine the study to the processes following conidiophore initiation. A second limitation imposed on this analysis is the rejection of mutants whose linear growth rate on agar is less than that of the wild type. This is done in order to exclude the many mutants in which there is a defect in their normal metabolism that only has a serious effect during conidiation. Since the subject of this
The effect of different dietary potassium and chloride levels on performance and excreta dry matter in broiler chickens

The aim of this 3 × 3 factorial experiment on broilers was to investigate the effect of differ - ent dietary levels of potassium and chloride on chicken performance, carcass composition and dry matter content in excreta. 360 one-day-old Ross 308 chickens were allocated to 9 groups, in 5 replications of 8 birds (4 ♂ and 4 ♀). Chickens from 1 to 42 days of age were kept in cages with wire floors to enable excreta col - lection, and were administered water and feed ad libitum. The basal starter (days 1-14) and grower (days
A framework of anti-phishing measures aimed at protecting the online consumer's identity

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to aim to educate the internet consumer, who may be a potential phishing victim, and to suggest a framework of anti‐phishing measures, following the staggering increase in the number of recent phishing attacks. Phishing describes a method of online identity theft, in which phishers typically pose as legitimate organisations when sending deceptive e‐mail messages to internet users. When they respond to such e‐mails, victims are lured to malicious web sites, where they are duped into disclosing their personal details. In this way, phishers are able to commit identity theft, with possibly devastating consequences for the victim.Design/methodology/approach – After a literature review of the available sources, the phishing threat is investigated by analysing the modus operandi of phishers and the basic components of a typical phishing scheme. A possible solution for the phishing problem is examined.Findings – Phishers continually target the weakest link in the security ch.
Six Basic Dimensions of Personality and a Seventh Factor of Generalized Dysfunctional Personality: A Diathesis System Covering all Personality Disorders

The five-factor model (FFM) of personality has recently been claimed to be comprehensive for all dimensionally conceived personality disorders (PDs). This assumption is refuted on the grounds of a principal component analysis conducted for three basic factor inventories (FFPI, NEO-FFI, Hamburg Personality Inventory), 22 explorative facet scales for normal personality and a questionnaire inventory (Inventory of Clinical Personality Accentuations) of 24 PD scales. Seven substantial orthogonal Varimax factors were found explaining 73% of the total variance. The five factors of the FFM were replicated. In addition, a new basic factor ‘risk and competition seeking’ (basic dimension ‘risk’, BD-R) emerged replicating findings of Andresen. The massive seventh factor was substantially loaded by all 24 PD scales and interpreted as ‘general dysfunctional personality’ (GDP). Most of the highly loaded scales describe varying forms of cognitive aberration. Together with GDP, the six-factor model now explains about 73% of all PD scales, thus, a virtually comprehensive descriptive diathesis system is achieved. Without GDP and BD-R, only 25% can be accounted for by the FFM. Five of the six normal dimensions will be loaded with positive and negative signs by some PDs. Neuroticism (BD-N) is still unique regarding its positive substantial correlations with almost all PD scales. BD-N is also the only normal factor which is correlated with GDP at about 0.50. A geometric model for the relationships between basic and clinical factors is presented.
General constructive representations for continuous piecewise-linear functions

The problem of constructing a canonical representation for an arbitrary continuous piecewise-linear (PWL) function in any dimension is considered in this paper. We solve the problem based on a general lattice PWL representation, which can be determined for a given continuous PWL function using existing methods. We first transform the lattice PWL representation into the difference of two convex functions, then propose a constructive procedure to rewrite the latter as a canonical representation that consists of at most n-level nestings of absolute-value functions in n dimensions, hence give a thorough solution to the problem mentioned above. In addition, we point out that there exist notable differences between a lattice representation and the two novel general constructive representations proposed in this paper, and explain that these differences make all the three representations be of their particular interests.
Speech recognition as a function of channel capacity in a discrete set of channels.

There have been many attempts to perform a frequency analysis of speech and to use the outputs of this analysis to provide cutaneous stimulation. The results of these tests have left in doubt the issue of whether or not cutaneous recognition of speech is actually possible. In addition to other difficulties, an optimum frequency analysis has never been achieved. Instead, filtering configurations have been chosen essentially arbitrarily. The systems considered may well have had insufficient channel capacity for speech recognition even in the event that the tactile stimulators were arranged in an optimum manner. In this paper, several sets of finite frequency band to discrete channels filters were considered. The frequency of each discrete channel was constrained to the fixed center frequency of the corresponding band so as to be directly translatable to the position of a tactile stimulator. Tests were conducted to measure the auditory recognition rate of speech, resynthesized as the sum of these discrete channel signals. From these measurements with different numbers of channels, a representation of recognition rate as a function channel capacity was obtained. It is anticipated that these results will be helpful in the choice of the optimum filtering configuration for test in actual tactile recognition.