Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Effects of recombinant human growth hormone in anorexia nervosa: a randomized, placebo-controlled study.

CONTEXT Anorexia nervosa (AN), a state of chronic nutritional deprivation, is characterized by GH resistance with elevated GH levels and decreased levels of IGF-I. The effects of supraphysiological recombinant human GH (rhGH) on GH resistance in AN are not currently known. OBJECTIVE The aim was to investigate whether supraphysiological rhGH increases IGF-I levels in AN. DESIGN AND SETTING We conducted a randomized, placebo-controlled study in a Clinical Research Center. PATIENTS We studied 21 women with AN, 10 (mean age, 28 ± 2.1 yr) treated with rhGH and 11 (mean age, 29.2 ± 2.6 yr) treated with placebo. INTERVENTIONS rhGH (mean maximum daily dose, 1.4 ± 0.12 mg/d) or placebo was administered to patients for 12 wk. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES IGF-I, N-terminal propeptide of type 1 procollagen, type I collagen C-telopeptide, glucose, and insulin levels were measured at wk 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 8, and 12; C-terminal propeptide of type 1 procollagen, leptin, and free fatty acid levels were measured at wk 0 and 12. Body composition, including total fat and lean mass, was measured by dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry at wk 0 and 12. RESULTS IGF-I levels did not differ between the groups at baseline or after treatment (median after 12 wk-rhGH, 124 ng/ml, interquartile range, 94.5, 170.3; vs. placebo, 85.5 ng/ml, interquartile range, 62, 139; P = 0.3). Similarly, changes in glucose, insulin, free fatty acids, and bone markers did not differ between the groups. Total fat mass and percentage fat mass (rhGH, -2.5 ± 0.6%, vs. placebo, 2.2 ± 1.1%; P = 0.004) decreased significantly in the rhGH group compared to placebo despite comparable weight. CONCLUSIONS Supraphysiological rhGH administration decreases fat mass in AN without increasing IGF-I levels, supporting the role of GH as a mediator of lipolysis independent of IGF-I.
Out-of-Vocabulary Word Probability Estimation using RNN Language Model

One important issue of speech recognition systems is Out-of Vocabulary words (OOV). These words, often proper nouns or new words, are essential for documents to be transcribed correctly. Thus, they must be integrated in the language model (LM) and the lexicon of the speech recognition system. This article proposes new approaches to OOV proper noun estimation using Recurrent Neural Network Language Model (RNNLM). The proposed approaches are based on the notion of closest in-vocabulary (IV) words (list of brothers) to a given OOV proper noun. The probabilities of these words are used to estimate the probabilities of OOV proper nouns thanks to RNNLM. Three methods for retrieving the relevant list of brothers are studied. The main advantages of the proposed approaches are that the RNNLM is not retrained and the architecture of the RNNLM is kept intact. Experiments on real text data from the website of the Euronews channel show perplexity reductions of about 14% relative compared to baseline RNNLM.
Housing Market Responses to Immigration; Evidence from Italy

In this study I empirically examine the impact of immigration on the dynamics of housing prices across Italian provinces from 1996 till 2007. The massive debate upon the impact of current intensive immigration flows on the wellbeing of the native Italian population and Europeans in general is mainly focused on labor market outcomes which is, however, only one of the channels though which the real income and wealth can alter. This paper contributes to our understanding of the influence that recent intensive immigration flows have on the Italian economy by estimating its impact on the housing market. Moreover, it exploits different methodological approach with respect to the approach dominating in migration literature. Using the number of valid residence permits as a measure of immigration stock and the self-reported housing values from the Survey of Households Income Wealth in Italy I find that the increase in the concentration of immigrants in the Italian provinces has a positive but declining effect on the average housing prices in provinces. The obtained results also indicate that an increase of in immigrant population leads to an increase in average housing prices. The performed Difference and System GMM estimations confirm both the positive response of average housing prices to the increase in immigrant population and the non-linearity of its response to immigrants’ concentration in all specifications.
Narrated PowerPoint as a self-learning resource

: In addition to being used to create lecture room slides, PowerPoint can also be used as a simple entry-level medium for creating self learning resources for students. This article explains the concept of using narrated PowerPoint slides as a teaching resource and examines some of the advantages and disadvantages of using PowerPoint as the medium for this kind of learning object. Feedback from staff and students who utilised such a resource for a business statistics class is provided and discussed, together with thoughts of future research into the effectiveness of narrated self-learning tools and the appropriate mediums for them.
Electrical Resistance Tomography for Visualization of Moving Objects Using a Spatiotemporal Total Variation Regularization Algorithm

Electrical resistance tomography (ERT) has been considered as a data collection and image reconstruction method in many multi-phase flow application areas due to its advantages of high speed, low cost and being non-invasive. In order to improve the quality of the reconstructed images, the Total Variation algorithm attracts abundant attention due to its ability to solve large piecewise and discontinuous conductivity distributions. In industrial processing tomography (IPT), techniques such as ERT have been used to extract important flow measurement information. For a moving object inside a pipe, a velocity profile can be calculated from the cross correlation between signals generated from ERT sensors. Many previous studies have used two sets of 2D ERT measurements based on pixel-pixel cross correlation, which requires two ERT systems. In this paper, a method for carrying out flow velocity measurement using a single ERT system is proposed. A novel spatiotemporal total variation regularization approach is utilised to exploit sparsity both in space and time in 4D, and a voxel-voxel cross correlation method is adopted for measurement of flow profile. Result shows that the velocity profile can be calculated with a single ERT system and that the volume fraction and movement can be monitored using the proposed method. Both semi-dynamic experimental and static simulation studies verify the suitability of the proposed method. For in plane velocity profile, a 3D image based on temporal 2D images produces velocity profile with accuracy of less than 1% error and a 4D image for 3D velocity profiling shows an error of 4%.
Complexities in barrier island response to sea level rise: Insights from numerical model experiments, North Carolina Outer Banks

Using a morphological‐behavior model to conduct sensitivity experiments, weinvestigate the sea level rise response of a complex coastal environment to changes ina variety of factors. Experiments reveal that substrate composition, followed in rankorder by substrate slope, sea level rise rate, and sediment supply rate, are the mostimportant factors in determining barrier island response to sea level rise. We find thatgeomorphic threshold crossing, defined as a change in state (e.g., from landward migratingto drowning) that is irreversible over decadal to millennial time scales, is most likely tooccur in muddy coastal systems where the combination of substrate composition, depth‐dependent limitations on shoreface response rates, and substrate erodibility mayprevent sand from being liberated rapidly enough, or in sufficient quantity, to maintain asubaerial barrier. Analyses indicate that factors affecting sediment availability such aslow substrate sand proportions and high sediment loss rates cause a barrier to migratelandward along a trajectory having a lower slope than average barrier island slope, therebydefining an “effective” barrier island slope. Other factors being equal, such barrierswill tend to be smaller and associated with a more deeply incised shoreface, therebyrequiring less migration per sea level rise increment to liberate sufficient sand to maintainsubaerial exposure than larger, less incised barriers. As a result, the evolution of larger/lessincised barriers is more likely to be limited by shoreface erosion rates or substrateerodibility making them more prone to disintegration related to increasing sea level riserates than smaller/more incised barriers. Thus, the small/deeply incised North Carolinabarriers are likely to persist in the near term (although their long‐term fate is less certainbecause of the low substrate slopes that will soon be encountered). In aggregate,results point to the importance of system history (e.g., previous slopes, sediment budgets,etc.) in determining migration trajectories and therefore how a barrier island will respondto sea level rise. Although simple analytical calculations may predict barrier responsein simplified coastal environments (e.g., constant slope, constant sea level rise rate, etc.),our model experiments demonstrate that morphological‐behavior modeling is necessary toprovide critical insights regarding changes that may occur in environments havingcomplex geometries, especially when multiple parameters change simultaneously.
Parallelization of the corpus manager ’ s time-consuming operations

The Manatee corpus manager can process large corpora containing billions of words. Some operations with search results from such large corpora can be time-consuming. This thesis provides and describes a system that enables computation of the selected operations in parallel. The system is evaluated on a single computer, and on a cluster of computers. The evaluation contains evaluation of the scalability, and comparions with the Manatee system and a MapReduce system that provides a platform for distributed computing.
Co‐contraction behaviour of masticatory and neck muscles during tooth grinding

The objective of this study was to analyse the co-contraction behaviour of jaw and neck muscles during force-controlled experimental grinding in the supine position. Twelve symptom-free subjects were enrolled in the experimental study. Electromyographic (EMG) activity of semispinalis capitis, splenius capitis and levator scapulae muscles was recorded bilaterally with intramuscular fine-wire electrodes, whereas that of sternocleidomastoideus, infrahyoidal, suprahyoidal, masseter and anterior temporalis muscles were registered with surface electrodes. EMG and force measurements were performed during tasks simulating tooth grinding on custom-made intraoral metal splints. The mean EMG activity normalised by maximum voluntary contraction (% MVC) of each of the neck muscles studied during grinding was analysed and compared with previous data from jaw clenching at identical force (100 N) and (supine) position. The occurrence of low-level, long-lasting tonic activation (LLTA) of motor units was also documented. The mean three-dimensional force vector of the grinding forces was 106 ± 74 N. In the frontal plane, the incline to the midsagittal plane ranged between 10° and 15°. In the midsagittal plane, the incline to the frontal plane was negligibly small. Posterior neck muscle activity during grinding ranged between 4.5% and 12% MVC and during clenching with 100 N between 1.8% and 9.9% MVC. Masticatory muscle activity during grinding ranged between 17% and 21% MVC for contralateral masseter and ipsilateral temporalis and between 4% and 6.5% for ipsilateral masseter and contralateral temporalis. LLTA had an average duration of 195 ± 10 seconds. The findings from this study do not support pathophysiological muscle chain theories postulating simple biomechanical coupling of neck and jaw muscles. Co-contractions of neck and masticatory muscles may instead occur as a result of complex neurophysiological interactions.
VERSION Cavendish – HEP – 05 / 24 GEF – TH – 12 / 2005 ITP – UU – 05 / 57 NIKHEF / 2005 – 026 Single-top production in MC @ NLO

We match next-to-leading order QCD results for single-top hadroproduction with parton shower Monte Carlo simulations, according to the prescription of the MC@NLO formalism. In this way, we achieve the first practical implementation in MC@NLO of a process that has both initialand final-state collinear singularities. We show that no difficulties of principle arise from this complication, and present selected results relevant to the Tevatron.
Empathy and virtual agents for learning applications in symbiotic systems

Transparency and ethics are the key issues to improve in the future generations of bots and robots. Communication between users and bots or robots must be clear and transparent to be audited. Empathy will be a valuable asset in a symbiotic domain (user/bot, bot/bot, bot/robot, robot/robot, user/robot). We expose some guidelines to UX designers to cope to new paradigms in HCI communication challenges.
Physiological effects of chronic copper exposure to rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) in hard and soft water: Evaluation of chronic indicators

Effects of chronic copper exposure on a suite of indicators were examined: acute toxicity, acclimation, growth, sprint performance, whole‐body electrolytes, tissue residues, and gill copper binding characteristics. Juvenile rainbow trout were exposed for 30 d to waterborne copper in hard water (hardness = 120 mg/L as CaCO3, pH = 8.0, Cu = 20 and 60 μg/L) and soft water (hardness = 20 mg/L as CaCO3, pH = 7.2, Cu = 1 and 2 μg/L). Significant acclimation to the metal occurred only in fish exposed to 60 μg/L, as seen by an approx. twofold increase in 96‐h LC50 (153 vs 91 μg Cu/L). Chronic copper exposure had little or no effect on survival, growth, or swimming performance in either water hardness, nor was there any initial whole‐body electrolyte loss (Na+ and Cl−). The present data suggest that the availability of food (3% wet body weight/day, distributed as three 1% meals) prevented growth inhibition and initial ion losses that usually result from Cu exposure. Elevated metal burdens in the gills and livers of exposed fish were measures of chronic copper exposure but not of effect. Initial gill binding experiments revealed the necessity of using radiolabeled Cu (64Cu) to detect newly accumulated Cu against gill background levels. Using this method, we verified the presence of saturable Cu‐binding sites in the gills of juvenile rainbow trout and were able to make estimates of copper‐binding affinity (log Kgill=Cu) and capacity (Bmax). Furthermore, we showed that both chronic exposure to Cu and to low water calcium had important effects on the Cu‐binding characteristics of the gills.
A 1.2 V, 33 ppm/°C, 40 nW, regeneration based BGR circuit for nanowatt CMOS LSIs

A regeneration based BGR circuit is proposed in this paper. The regeneration using positive feedback results in the positive temperature coeffecient of 2.34 mV/° C from the single stage at room temperature. This results in 60 % saving in power and over 80 % saving in area, when compared with the state-of-the-art trimming less BGR circuits. The obtained temperature coefficient is 33 ppm/° C for the temperature range 0° C–90° C. The circuit is designed and simulated in UMC 180nm CMOS process. The circuit consumes power of 40 nW and occupies an area of 0.003 mm2. The reference voltage of 819 mV is achieved at 1.2 V power supply. The power supply rejection ratio at 40 kHz is −47 dB.
Detection of genetic diversity in Lathyrus sativus L. using RAPD marker system

Lathyrus sativus L. (Grasspea) is a protein rich pulse crop. Enough information about genetic diversity of Lathyrus germplasm is needed to improve this crop. Molecular characterization is one of the tools to identify the hidden genetic diversity. The present study was undertaken to reveal the genetic diversity in a set of 20 grasspea genotypes using RAPD (Randomly Amplified Polymorphic DNA) marker system. For the 15 primers, various efficiency parameters that include Polymorphism Information Content (PIC), Marker Index (MI), Resolving Power (RP) and Diversity Index (DI) were studied. Finally Principal coordinate analysis (PCoA) and dendrogram was perfomed to find out the genetic diversity among the germplasm. The screened RAPD markers will facilitate further studies in population genetics and utilization of this crop.
Molecular characterisation in tomato (solanum lycopersicumL.) - A review

Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) is most important fruit vegetable grown worldwide for its high nutritive value. Traditional genetic markers and breeding methods have several defects that reduce the ability to estimate genetic diversity in plants as it highly dependent on the environment for expression. Among the available genetic rnarkers viz., morphological, cytological, biochemical and molecular (DNA), Molecular markers are an effective tool for efficient selection of desired agronomic traits because they are based on the plant genotypes and also are independent of environmental variations. Researchers have been calculated genetic variation in tomato landrace and cultivar collections using several molecular techniques including AFLP, RAPD, ISSR, SSR and SNP. An overview is conducted considering some useful above mentioned molecular markers to initiate systematic breeding programme on tomato improvement.
Personalised telehealth intervention for chronic disease management: A pilot randomised controlled trial

Introduction The aim of this study was to assess the impact of home-based telehealth monitoring on health outcomes, quality of life and costs over 12 months for patients with diabetes and/or chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) who were identified as being at high risk of readmission to hospital. Methods This pilot study was a randomised controlled trial combined with an economic analysis to examine the outcomes of standard care versus home-based telehealth for people with diabetes and/or COPD who were at risk of hospital readmission within one year. The primary outcomes were (i) hospital admission and length of stay (LOS); and (ii) health-related quality of life (HRQOL); and the secondary outcomes were (i) health-related clinical outcomes; (ii) anxiety and depression scores; and (iii) health literacy. The costs of the intervention and hospitalisations were included. Results A total of 86 and 85 participants were randomised to the intervention and control groups respectively. The difference between groups in hospital LOS was –3.89 (95% confidence interval (CI): –9.40, 1.62) days, and for HRQOL, 0.09 (95% CI: 0.05, 0.14) in favour of the telehealth monitoring group. There was a saving of AUD$6553 (95% CI: –12145, –961) in the cost of hospitalisation over 12 months, which offset the increased cost of tele-monitoring. The intervention group showed an improvement in anxiety, depression and health literacy at 12 months, and in the diabetes group, a reduction in microalbuminuria. Discussion The telehealth monitoring intervention improved patient's health outcomes and quality of life at no additional cost.
AffecThor at SemEval-2018 Task 1: A cross-linguistic approach to sentiment intensity quantification in tweets

In this paper we describe our submission to SemEval-2018 Task 1: Affects in Tweets. The model which we present is an ensemble of various neural architectures and gradient boosted trees, and employs three different types of vectorial tweet representations. Furthermore, our system is language-independent and ranked first in 5 out of the 12 subtasks in which we participated, while achieving competitive results in the remaining ones. Comparatively remarkable performance is observed on both the Arabic and Spanish languages.
[Effect of acetabular tilt angle on acetabular version in adults with developmental dysplasia of the hip].

Objective To investigate the difference in acetabular tilt angle (ATA) between adults with deve-lopmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH) and normal adults and the effect of ATA on acetabular version. Methods Between February 2009 and October 2015, 31 adult female patients with DDH (39 hips) (DDH group) and 31 female patients with osteoarthritis of the knee (31 hips) who had no history of hip disease (control group) were included in this study. The average age was 39 years (range, 18-59 years) in the DDH group, and was 69 years (range, 52-79 years) in control group. The morphometric parameters of the acetabulum including ATA, acetabular anteversion angle (AAA), acetabular inclination angle (AIA), acetabular cranial anteversion angle (ACAA), and acetabular sector angle (ASA) were mea- sured by CT reconstruction; The ASA was used as an index for acetabular coverage of the femoral head. The correlation between ATA and other parameters was analyzed using Pearson correlation analysis. Results The values of ATA, AAA, and AIA of the DDH group were significantly larger than those of the control group ( P<0.05). The ASA in all directions was significantly decreased in the DDH group when compared with the values in the control group ( P<0.05). There was no significant difference in ACAA between two groups ( t=1.918, P=0.523). The ATA was positively correlated with AAA and ACAA in the DDH group ( r=0.439, P=0.001; r=0.436, P=0.002), but there was no correlation between ATA and AIA ( r=0.123, P=0.308). In the control group, the ATA was not correlated with AAA, ACAA, and AIA ( r=-0.004, P=0.724; r=-0.079, P=0.626; r=-0.058, P=0.724). Regarding acetabular coverage of the femoral head, the ATA and AAA were correlated negatively with anterior ASA ( P<0.05) and positively with posterior ASA ( P<0.05), but had no correlation with superior ASA ( P>0.05) in the DDH group; AIA was correlated negatively with anterior ASA and superior ASA ( P<0.05) and had no correlation with posterior ASA ( r=-0.092, P=0.440). In the control group, there was no correlation between ATA and ASA in any direction ( P>0.05). In the DDH group, defects of the acetabular anterior wall, lateral wall, and posterior wall were observed in 18 hips (46.2%), 15 hips (38.5%), and 6 hips (15.3%), respectively. ATA value of the posterior wall defect [(15.70±10.00)°] was significantly smaller than those of the acetabular anterior wall and lateral wall defects [(22.91±5.06)° and (21.59±3.81) °] ( P<0.05), but no signficant difference was found between anterior wall and lateral wall defects ( P>0.05). Conclusion ATA will influence acetabular version in DDH. The anterior rotation of the acetabular fragment during periacetabular osteotomies is an anatomically reasonable maneuver for hips with anterolateral acetabular defect, while the maneuver should be avoided in hips with posterior acetabular defect.