Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Bayesian-Based NIMBY Crisis Transformation Path Discovery for Municipal Solid Waste Incineration in China

Environmental conflicts have been a top global focus and issue for human’s sustainable development. China is confronted with a serious situation with a rigid demand of ecological governance, in which the “Not In My Back Yard” (NIMBY) crisis outbreaks frequently. NIMBY has a great impact on government management and social stability. This study aims to analyze the NIMBY crisis transformation path for municipal solid waste incineration (MSWI) in China. Considering environmental, social and economic influences, this study seeks to find methods of transforming dangers into opportunities. A conceptual framework for realizing the NIMBY crisis transformation in waste management decision-making was conducted with a hybrid approach. A fishbone diagram was applied to explain the key factors of NIMBY crisis transformation for MSWI. Integrating Bayesian network structure discovery and co-word analysis into a qualitative analysis, searched data and key factors from a literature search engine with specific themes were used for structure learning. The results showed that project location, benefit compensation, publicity and education, public decision, public participation, the rule of law and multiple governance have distinct influences on the NIMBY crisis transformation process in China. In summary, the conceptual framework describes the complex process of NIMBY crisis transformation and helps to deepen data mining for municipal solid waste management (MSWM).
Targeting the checkpoint kinase Chk1 in cancer therapy

A paramount objective of the eukaryotic cell division cycle is to overcome numerous internal and external insults to faithfully duplicate the genetic information once per every cycle. This is carried out by elaborate networks of genome surveillance signaling pathways, termed replication checkpoints. Central to replication checkpoints are two protein kinases, the upstream kinase ATR, and its downstream target kinase, Chk1. When the DNA replication process is interrupted, the ATR-Chk1 pathway transmits signals to delay cell cycle progression, and to maintain fork viability so that DNA duplication can resume after the initial damage is corrected. Previous studies showed that replicative stress not only activated Chk1, but also triggered the ubiquitin-dependent destruction of Chk1 in cultured human cells. In a recent study, we identified the F-box protein, Fbx6, as the mediator that regulates Chk1 ubiquitination and degradation in both normally cycling cells and during replication stress. We further showed that expression levels of Chk1 and Fbx6 exhibited an overall inverse correlation in both cultured cancer cell lines and in breast tumor tissues, and that defects in Chk1 degradation, for instance, due to reduced expression of Fbx6, rendered tumor cells resistant to anticancer treatment. Here we highlight those findings and their implications in the replication checkpoint and cellular sensitivity to cancer therapies.
Heparanase Induces Endothelial Cell Migration via Protein Kinase B/Akt Activation*

Heparanase is a mammalian endoglycosidase that degrades heparan sulfate (HS) at specific intra-chain sites. Blood-borne neutrophils, macrophages, mast cells, and platelets exhibit heparanase activity that is thought to be stored in specific granules. The degranulated heparanase is implicated in extravasation of metastatic tumor cells and activated cells of the immune system. Degranulation and heparanase release in response to an inflammatory stimulus or platelet activation would facilitate cellular extravasation directly, by altering the composition and structural integrity of the extracellular matrix, or indirectly, by releasing HS-bound proinflammatory cytokines and chemokines. We hypothesized that in addition to such indirect effect, the released heparanase may also locally affect and activate neighboring cells such as endothelial cells. Here, we provide evidence that addition of the 65-kDa latent heparanase to endothelial cells enhances Akt signaling. Heparanase-mediated Akt phosphorylation was independent of its enzymatic activity or the presence of cell membrane HS proteoglycans and was augmented by heparin. Moreover, addition of heparanase stimulated phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase-dependent endothelial cell migration and invasion. These results suggest, for the first time, that heparanase activates endothelial cells and elicits angiogenic responses directly. This effect appears to be mediated by as yet unidentified heparanase receptor.
Evaluation of the histopathological diagnosis of patients preoperatively diagnosed with atypical endometrial hyperplasia after hysterectomy.

OBJECTIVE To evaluate the patients diagnosed with atypical endometrial hyperplasia preoperatively, and compare preoperative and postoperative results. MATERIALS AND METHOD We investigated the files of 58 patients diagnosed with atypical endometrial hyperplasia who were treated surgically after clinical evaluation. We compared sociodemographic diagnosis, preoperative and postoperative diagnosis. RESULTS Mean-age of patients was 51.7. Obesity, diabetes mellitus, hypertension and infertility were seen, respectively, in eight cases (13.7%), 12 cases (20.6%), 19 cases (32.7%) and four cases (6.8%). While endometrial cancer was not found postoperatively in patients preoperatively diagnosed with simple atypical endometrial hyperplasia, we determined well differentiated endometrial adenocarcinoma in 44.7% of the patients. CONCLUSION In the literature the probability of developing well differentiated endometrial cancer from complex atypical endometrial hyperplasia is 40-50%. All patients diagnosed with complex atypical hyperplasia should be evaluated preoperatively for well differentiated adenocarcinoma and undergo an appropriate surgical technique and staging.
A multilevel approach for generating report based on information filtering

The data mining techniques in which topic modelling have been increasingly adopted by several experts from various domains. This text mining system interacts with various systems and services from all over the world. The content based topic modelling in which it interacts with the user to get the desired topic according to the users interest. The information filtering method to remove unwanted information from the text document accordingly by the users need. But the number of patterns in some of the topic can be large and many of the patterns are not enough to find the specific topic. Therefore the content based topic modelling is said to be proposed for document representation and document relevance is identified. The pattern based topic representation in which the patterns are organized into groups called equivalence classes, based on therir similar meaning. The most representative patterns can be identified which will benefit the filtering of relevant document.
PASTA in Penicillin Binding Proteins and Serine/Threonine Kinases: A Recipe of Structural, Dynamic and Binding Properties.

BACKGROUND Penicillin binding proteins (PBPs) and Serine Threonine kinases (STPKs) are two classes of bacterial enzymes whose involvement in a series of vital processes in bacterial growth and division is well assessed. Many PBPs and STPKs show linked an ancillary domain named PASTA, whose functional role is not completely deciphered so far. It has been proposed that PASTAs are sensor modules that by binding opportune ligands (i.e. muropeptides) activate the cognate proteins to their functions. However, based on recent data, the sensor annotation sounds true for PASTA from STPKs, and false for PASTA from PBPs. OBJECTIVE Different PASTA domains, belonging or not to different protein classes, sharing or not appreciable sequence identities, always show identical folds. This survey of the structural, binding and dynamic properties of PASTA domains pursues the reasons why identical topologies may turn in different roles. RESULTS Amino acid compositions, total charges and distribution of the hydrophobic/hydrophilic patches on the surface, significantly vary among PASTAs from STPKs and PBPs and appear to correlate with different functions. A possible criterion to discriminate between PASTA modules of STPKs or PBPs solely based on their sequences is proposed. Possibly reflecting different species as well as functional roles and evolutionary profile, our routine represents a fast even though approximate method to distinguish between PASTA belonging to different classes.
US Outbreak of Human Salmonella Infections Associated With Aquatic Frogs, 2008–2011

OBJECTIVE: Although amphibians are known Salmonella carriers, no such outbreaks have been reported. We investigated a nationwide outbreak of human Salmonella Typhimurium infections occurring predominantly among children from 2008 to 2011. METHODS: We conducted a matched case-control study. Cases were defined as persons with Salmonella Typhimurium infection yielding an isolate indistinguishable from the outbreak strain. Controls were persons with recent infection with Salmonella strains other than the outbreak strain and matched to cases by age and geography. Environmental samples were obtained from patients’ homes; traceback investigations were conducted. RESULTS: We identified 376 cases from 44 states from January 1, 2008, to December 31, 2011; 29% (56/193) of patients were hospitalized and none died. Median patient age was 5 years (range <1–86 years); 69% were children <10 years old (253/367). Among 114 patients interviewed, 69 (61%) reported frog exposure. Of patients who knew frog type, 79% (44/56) reported African dwarf frogs (ADF), a type of aquatic frog. Among 18 cases and 29 controls, illness was significantly associated with frog exposure (67% cases versus 3% controls, matched odds ratio 12.4, 95% confidence interval 1.9–infinity). Environmental samples from aquariums containing ADFs in 8 patients’ homes, 2 ADF distributors, and a day care center yielded isolates indistinguishable from the outbreak strain. Traceback investigations of ADFs from patient purchases converged to a common ADF breeding facility. Environmental samples from the breeding facility yielded the outbreak strain. CONCLUSIONS: ADFs were the source of this nationwide pediatric predominant outbreak. Pediatricians should routinely inquire about pet ownership and advise families about illness risks associated with animals.
Social inclusion in the knowledge economy: unions’ strategies and institutional change in the Austrian and German training systems

As skill formation systems are increasingly under pressure from de-industrialization and the rise of knowledge economies, their ability to include the low-skilled has been strained. But what determines how skill formation systems adjust to this challenge? By explaining the divergence of two most-similar systems, those of Austria and Germany, the article highlights the key role of trade unions and of the institutional resources and legacies available to them. Where institutional resources are high and legacies positive, as in Austria, unions were crucial in setting an inclusive pathway of reform of the training system. Where, on the contrary, institutional resources are low and legacies negative, as in Germany, unions’ strategies for inclusion failed, paving the way to a dualizing outcome. The article therefore provides a novel analysis of institutional change in skill formation systems, while also offering broader insights on the relationship between coordinated and egalitarian capitalism in post-industrial knowledge-based economies.
Lipid mediator production in acute and chronic pancreatitis in the rat.

Pancreatic production of lipid mediators of inflammation, including eicosanoids and platelet-activating factor (PAF), was examined in two models of pancreatitis in the rat. Chronic pancreatitis was induced by ligation of the pancreatic duct and acute pancreatitis by infusion of sodium taurocholate into the pancreatic duct. In the model of chronic pancreatitis, prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), PGD2, 6-keto PGF1 alpha, thromboxane B2 (TXB2), and PAF increased significantly in the pancreas in a similar fashion, whereas leukotriene B4 (LTB4) remained unchanged. BN52021, a PAF antagonist, reduced the accumulation of pancreatic TXB2, 6-keto PGF1 alpha, and PGD2, and did not affect PGE2. In the model of acute pancreatitis, LTB4 increased, whereas PGE2, TXB2, and 6-keto PGF1 alpha decreased significantly; PGD2 changed slightly; and PAF was undetectable. The present results indicate that mild chronic pancreatitis is accompanied by the production and accumulation of a wide spectrum of lipid mediators while LTB4 was the only lipid mediator detected at biologically active concentrations in the model of severe acute pancreatitis. It is suggested that various mediators are involved in establishing a balance between inflammation and the repair of the inflamed pancreatic tissue observed in mild chronic pancreatitis. While both eicosanoids and PAF are involved in such self-limiting responses to inflammatory challenge, PAF seems to play a central role in instigating the production of the various other mediators detected in the model of chronic pancreatitis. In the model of acute pancreatitis while the deficiency of various lipid mediators may render the pancreatic tissue more susceptible to acute damage, enhanced LTB4 appears to contribute to the destructive pathology observed. (ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Distribution of DNA Vaccines Determines Their Immunogenicity After Intramuscular Injection in Mice1

Intramuscular injection of DNA vaccines elicits potent humoral and cellular immune responses in mice. However, DNA vaccines are less efficient in larger animal models and humans. To gain a better understanding of the factors limiting the efficacy of DNA vaccines, we used fluorescence-labeled plasmid DNA in mice to 1) define the macroscopic and microscopic distribution of DNA after injection into the tibialis anterior muscle, 2) characterize cellular uptake and expression of DNA in muscle and draining lymph nodes, and 3) determine the effect of modifying DNA distribution and cellular uptake by volume changes or electroporation on the magnitude of the immune response. Injection of a standard 50-μl dose resulted in the rapid dispersion of labeled DNA throughout the muscle. DNA was internalized within 5 min by muscle cells near the injection site and over several hours by cells that were located along muscle fibers and in the draining lymph nodes. Histochemical staining and analysis of mRNA expression in isolated cells by RT-PCR showed that the transgene was detectably expressed only by muscle cells, despite substantial DNA uptake by non-muscle cells. Reduction of the injection volume to 5 μl resulted in substantially less uptake and expression of DNA by muscle cells, and correspondingly lower immune responses against the transgene product. However, expression and immunogenicity were restored when the 5-μl injection was followed by electroporation in vivo. These findings indicate that distribution and cellular uptake significantly affect the immunogenicity of DNA vaccines.
Touchless Gestural Interaction with Wizard-of-Oz: Analysing User Behaviour

In many gestural interfaces, the gesture set is developed or trained by real users, but many use gestures with unchanging definition that do not account for variation between different users or performances. Over time, if the user performs gestures different, the definition should evolve to accommodate these changes. We performed a Wizard-of-Oz experiment with a user-defined gesture system to determine if participant's gestures changed over repeated performances, and when and why these changes occurred. The results showed that although the definitions provided changed in a unique way for each participant, most reported their gestures as becoming simpler and less difficult to perform over time.
Anti‐nociception Induced by Systemic or PAG‐microinjected Lysine‐acetylsalicylate in Rats. Effects on Tail‐flick Related Activity of Medullary Off‐ and On‐cells

Previous experiments using metamizol have shown that this non‐steroidal anti‐inflammatory drug (NSAID) produces a central anti‐nociceptive effect probably through neural substrates that also support the analgesic effects of opiates, such as the periaqueductal grey matter (PAG) and the off‐ and on‐cells of the rostral ventromedial medulla (RVM). Off‐ and on‐cells have been postulated to respectively inhibit and facilitate nociceptive transmission, since the heat‐elicited tail flick reflex (TF) occurs only after off‐cells have decreased (pause), and on‐cells have increased (burst) their activity. The aim of the present study was to examine whether the effect of metamizol upon TF and off‐ and on‐cells responses could be generalized to other NSAIDs such as, in this case, lysine‐acetylsalicylate (LASA). Fifty‐nine off‐ and on‐cells of the RVM were recorded in lightly anaesthetized rats. Systemic administration (200 and 300 mg/kg) or PAG microinjection (30, 50 and 100 μg) of LASA caused retardation of the heat‐elicited off‐cell pause, on‐cell burst and the corresponding TF. Neuronal responses and TF retained their mutual time relationship but shifted simultaneously toward longer latencies. This anti‐nociceptive effect of LASA was dose‐dependent, present 5 min after administration and reached a maximum in 30 min for both administration methods. These data confirm that analgesics typically defined as peripherally‐acting, such as metamizol and LASA in this study, may also have an anti‐nociceptive effect by acting directly upon PAG, and suggest that this central effect involves the RVM off‐ and on‐cells.
Urethroplasty for posterior urethral strictures.

OBJECTIVE To assess the long-term results and complications of urethroplasty for patients with pelvic fracture injuries of the posterior urethra and to determine which type of of procedure is most appropriate. PATIENTS AND METHODS Eighty-two patients were followed prospectively after undergoing transperineal bulboprostatic anastomotic urethroplasty (AU). The results and complications in these patients were compared with 59 patients who had a 'patch' urethroplasty (PU) for a short stricture which in other circumstances might have been amenable to AU. RESULTS The 1-, 5- and 10-year re-stricture rates were 7, 12 and 12%, respectively, for AU and 12, 20 and 31% for PU. Four of the 10 patients who re-strictured during the 5-year follow-up after AU were > 55 years of age and four of the seven patients who had an AU and who were > 55 years old re-strictured. All the patients who re-strictured were impotent. The commonest complications after AU were principally a consequence of the original injury rather than the surgery, whereas the complications after PU were principally related to the surgery. Impotence sometimes occurred after both types of urethroplasty. CONCLUSIONS Anastomotic urethroplasty is the best available procedure for traumatic proximal urethral strictures but was not tolerated well in the elderly and caused impotence in a small but significant proportion. The results of PU were less satisfactory and the difference became progressively more marked with a longer follow-up.
The impact of vascular comorbidities on qualitative error analysis of executive impairment in Alzheimer’s disease

Abstract Recent evidence suggests that patients with Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and vascular comorbidities (VC) perform worse across measures of verbal reasoning and abstraction when compared to patients with AD alone. We performed a qualitative error analysis of Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale-III Similarities zero-point responses in 45 AD patients with varying numbers of VC, including diabetes, hypertension, and hypercholesterolemia. Errors were scored in set if the answer was vaguely related to how the word pair was alike (e.g., dog-lion: “they can be trained”) and out of set if the response was unrelated (“a lion can eat a dog”). AD patients with 2–3 VC did not differ on Similarities total score or qualitative errors from AD patients with 0–1 VC. When analyzing the group as a whole, we found that increasing numbers of VC were significantly associated with increasing out of set errors and decreasing in set errors in AD. Of the vascular diseases investigated, it was only the severity of diastolic blood pressure that significantly correlated with out of set responses. Understanding the contribution of VC to patterns of impairment in AD may provide support for directed patient and caregiver education concerning the presentation of a more severe pattern of cognitive impairment in affected individuals. (JINS, 2010, 16, 77–83.)
Intra-patient comparison between two annular phased array applicators, Sigma-60 and Sigma-Eye: Applied RF powers and intraluminally measured temperatures

Purpose: To investigate whether one can replace the Sigma-60 with the Sigma-Eye applicator (or vice versa) during a deep hyperthermia treatment series without a loss in quality of the treatment. Patients and methods: Hyperthermia data of all 48 patients with locally advanced cervical cancer who were treated with both applicators were analysed. In this study no use was made of the longitudinal SAR steering option of the Sigma-Eye. Hence, the Sigma-Eye was used as a Sigma-60 with a modified shape and water bolus. Power and intraluminal temperature were analysed. Sub-group analyses were performed for six groups, categorised according to the reasons for switching between the applicators. Results: The ‘all patient’ analysis showed a significant difference for radio frequency (RF) power indices as applied to the two applicators, but for temperatures no difference between applicators was found. Sub-group analyses showed a consistent difference for RF power indices, i.e. the RF power for the Sigma-Eye was 8–29% higher than that for Sigma-60. In contrast, in about 90% of patients the number of switch-offs was 8–62% lower when the Sigma-Eye was applied. Similarly, in 73% of patients total switch-off time was 18–150% lower for the Sigma-Eye than for the Sigma-60. For the largest sub-group (n = 23), patients treated with the Sigma-Eye all had temperature indices slightly lower (ΔT = 0.2–0.5°C) than those for the Sigma-60 (p < 0.028). For the other five sub-groups no relevant difference was found between temperatures obtained by the two applicators. Conclusion: In the case of severe patient discomfort with the Sigma-60 or Sigma-Eye applicator, or if achieved temperatures are not satisfactory, one can freely switch between both applicators without loss of hyperthermia treatment quality.
Medical Aspects of the Preoperative Management of Aneurysms: A Review

SUMMARY: The aim of medical management of a patient with a recently ruptured intracranial aneurysm is to preserve residual brain function and prevent systemic complications. Surgery should be performed as soon as the patient is in good neurological condition. Most fatalities result from the destructive effects of the initial hemorrhage, but delayed ischemic neurologic deficit can result from vasospasm and rebleeding. Systemic complications of the brain damaged state result in a smaller proportion of deaths. Common medical problems are reviewed as well as their medical management. In particular, some special problems related to subarachnoid hemorrhage such as cerebral edema and herniations, rebleeding, and vasospasm are also considered. Major recent advances have been the introduction of antifibrinolytic therapy, the realization of the importance of maintaining blood volume and pressure, as well as general advances in respiratory care.