Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Excess body weight. An under-recognized contributor to dyslipidemia in white American women.

BACKGROUND Whether the association between excess body weight and dyslipidemia is consistent across different age ranges in women has yet to be determined. METHODS The relationship between body weight adjusted for height as calculated by body mass index (BMI; kilograms per square meter) and serum lipid and lipoprotein levels in white women was examined using cross-sectional data from the Second National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. Mean lipid levels were determined for six different categories of BMI: (1) 21.0 or less; (2) 21.1 to 23.0; (3) 23.1 to 25.0; (4) 25.1 to 27.0; (5) 27.1 to 30.0; and (6) more than 30.0, and three age groups: premenopausal women, 20 through 44 years; perimenopausal women, 45 through 59 years; and postmenopausal women, 60 through 74 years. RESULTS Compared with BMI category 2, a BMI in category 5 for premenopausal women was associated with 0.46 mmol/L (18 mg/dL) higher total cholesterol levels, 0.68 mmol/L (26 mg/dL) higher non-high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol levels, and 0.44 mmol/L (17 mg/dL) higher low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol levels. For perimenopausal women and postmenopausal women the same change in BMI was associated with much smaller differences in total cholesterol of 0.16 and 0.16 mmol/L (6 and 5 mg/dL), non-HDL of 0.24 and 0.20 mmol/L (9 and 8 mg/dL), and LDL levels of 0.13 and 0.03 mmol/L (5 and 1 mg/dL). More impressively, rising BMI was associated with consistently higher triglyceride levels of 0.54 to 0.40 mmol/L (48 to 35 mg/dL) and consistently lower HDL levels of 0.23 to 0.13 mmol/L (9 to 5 mg/dL), in all three age groups. CONCLUSION For young women, excess body weight was associated with higher total, non-HDL and LDL-cholesterol levels, higher triglyceride levels, and lower HDL-cholesterol levels. In older women, although similar differences in triglyceride levels and HDL-cholesterol levels were observed, excess body weight was associated with smaller differences in total, non-HDL, and LDL cholesterol. More striking than the weight-associated differences in total, non-HDL, and LDL-cholesterol levels were the differences in these lipid parameters observed with age alone. Specifically, age category differences were twofold to eightfold greater than differences observed between categories of BMI within a given age. Nevertheless, because the lower HDL cholesterol concentrations associated with excess body weight were age independent, total cholesterol-HDL cholesterol ratios were highest in obese postmenopausal women. Although age and hormonal status are important affecters of lipoprotein risk factors, body weight also worsens the degree of dyslipidemia in white women.
Durlston A Marketing Approach to Project Development

Durlston Country Park near Swanage in Dorset is a 280-acre cliff top paradise of international importance for its habitats, wildlife and geology. At the eastern end of the Park is Durlston Castle. This was built between 1887 and 1891 by locally born stone merchant and philanthropist George Burt as the centrepiece of his Durlston estate. The castle has spent recent years as a pub, restaurant and nightclub but with funding from the South West of England Regional Development Agency (SWRDA) the lease returned to Dorset County Council in 2003.
Uso de biofertilizante na produção de mudas de repolho

A utilizacao de produtos biofertilizantes, como fermentados bacterianos, contendo aminoacidos, e pouco estudada na producao de mudas de hortalicas, especialmente no sistema orgânico. Neste trabalho, o objetivo foi avaliar o efeito da aplicacao foliar de um fermentado bacteriano do melaco da cana, contendo 30% do aminoacido acido L-glutâmico, no desenvolvimento de mudas de repolho. Os tratamentos, constituidos por quatro repeticoes, eram compostos por concentracoes do fermentado (0; 0,1; 0,2; 0,4 e 0,8 mL L-1)aplicadas nas folhas, em intervalos de sete ou de 14 dias. Aos 35 dias apos a semeadura, foram determinados o indice relativo de clorofila, a area foliar e o volume do sistema radicular. O fermentado bacteriano promoveu incrementos do indice relativo de clorofila, da area foliar e do volume radicular, quando aplicado com intervalos de 14 dias, e incremento do volume radicular, quando aplicado com intervalos de sete dias. Ocorreu reducao da area foliar, quando aplicado em concentracoes superiores a 0,2 ml L-1, com intervalos de sete dias. O biofertilizante incrementa o desenvolvimento de mudas de repolho.
Exploring the utility of the additional WorldView-2 bands and support vector machines in mapping land use/land cover in a fragmented ecosystem, South Africa

Land use/land cover (LULC) classification is a key research field in environmental applications of remote sensing on the earthfs surface. The advent of new high resolution multispectral sensors with unique bands has provided an opportunity to map the spatial distribution of detailed LULC classes over a large fragmented area. The objectives of the present study were: (1) to map LULC classes using multispectral WorldView-2 (WV-2) data and SVM in a fragmented ecosystem; and (2) to compare the accuracy of three WV-2 spectral data sets in distinguishing amongst various LULC classes in a fragmented ecosystem. WV-2 image was spectrally resized to its four standard bands (SB: blue, green, red and near infrared-1) and four strategically located bands (AB: coastal blue, yellow, red edge and near infrared-2). WV-2 image (8bands: 8B) together with SB and AB subsets were used to classify LULC using support vector machines. Overall classification accuracies of 78.0% (total disagreement = 22.0%) for 8B, 51.0% (total disagreement = 49.0%) for SB, and 64.0% (total disagreement = 36.0%) for AB were achieved. There were significant differences between the performance of all WV-2 subset pair comparisons (8B versus SB, 8B versus AB and SB versus AB) as demonstrated by the results of McNemarfs test (Z score .1.96). This study concludes that WV-2 multispectral data and the SVM classifier have the potential to map LULC classes in a fragmented ecosystem. The study also offers relatively accurate information that is important for the indigenous forest managers in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa for making informed decisions regarding conservation and management of LULC patterns. Keywords : land use/cover classification, fragmented ecosystem, WorldView-2, support vector machines
Diabetes and impaired glucose tolerance in patients with polycystic ovary syndrome--a long term follow-up.

BACKGROUND The overall risk of developing diabetes mellitus and glucose intolerance seems to be higher in women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) than in healthy women. The aim of this long-term follow-up study was to examine glucose tolerance and insulin sensitivity in middle-aged women previously diagnosed with PCOS in comparison with age-matched healthy controls. METHODS Women diagnosed with PCOS between 1987 and 1995 were invited to participate in the study. A total of 84 PCOS patients and 87 control subjects participated. Anthropometric (BMI, waist/hip ratio) and metabolic parameters (oral glucose tolerance test) were measured. Insulin sensitivity was expressed by the Matsuda index and beta cell function by the insulinogenic index. PCOS women were subgrouped according to phenotype at the index assessment (with or without hyperandrogenism) and persistence of PCOS symptoms at the follow-up (persisting or resolved PCOS). RESULTS Eighteen (21.4%) PCOS patients and four (4.5%) controls had developed type 1 or type 2 diabetes or impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) at the follow-up investigation (P < 0.05). Matsuda insulin sensitivity index was lower and the insulinogenic index was increased in women with previously diagnosed PCOS compared with control subjects. In addition, PCOS patients with or without hyperandrogenism, and PCOS patients with persisting and resolved PCOS all had lower Matsuda insulin sensitivity index and increased insulinogenic index in comparison with controls. CONCLUSIONS IGT and type 2 diabetes occurred more often in PCOS patients. Independent on PCOS phenotype at index assessment and persistence of PCOS symptoms at the follow-up investigation, women with PCOS had lower insulin sensitivity but a well-preserved beta cell function in comparison with control subjects.
Olanzapine in Huntington's disease

Objectives– To study the effect of olanzapine (OL) in Huntington's disease (HD) patients. Design and methods– Eleven HD patients (five men), aged 47.6 ± 11.4 years and with disease duration of 11.2 ± 3.3 years received OL. Assessment was carried out using the Clinical Global Impression of Change Scale (CGIC) and the Unified Huntington's Disease Rating Scale behavioral (UHDRS – b) and motor (UHDRS – m) at 6 month intervals. Results– Nine patients were treated for 9.8 ± 5.9 months. The mean OL dose/patient was 11.4 ± 8.5 mg/day (median 10 mg/day). Mean CGIC was 2.1 ± 0.8. UHDRS – b improved significantly (P < 0.0001) and UHDRS – m did not change. Chorea improved in five patients and two dropped out because of drug eruption and lack of efficacy. Conclusion– OL is a good alternative treatment in HD, mainly for the psychiatric symptoms and moderately effective for the motor symptoms, possibly because of its effect on chorea. We suggest OL should be used in HD patients with the adult onset form, severe chorea and/or severe psychiatric disturbances.
Detection of insulin-like growth factor binding protein-1 in cat implantation sites.

This study was undertaken to determine whether insulin-like growth factor binding protein-1 (IGFBP-1) was synthesized by the cat uterus and placenta during implantation and pregnancy. Endometrial and placental tissue explants from pregnant, pseudopregnant, and ovariectomized steroid-treated cats were cultured in the presence of 35S-methionine. Culture media proteins were separated by one-dimensional (1-D) and two-dimensional (2-D) SDS-PAGE, transferred to nitrocellulose, and immunostained using a rabbit polyclonal antibody against baboon IGFBP-1 and a murine monoclonal antibody to human IGFBP-1. The antibody cross-reacted with a protein with an M(r) = 30,000 and a pI = 5.1-5.4. Immunoreactive product was found in implantation site media from 16 days postcoitum (PC) through the end of pregnancy, and was confined to the superficial placental/junctional zone. Immunoreactivity was not detected in non-implantation site media until 7 wk PC and was never detected in serum or in media from liver, pseudopregnant endometrium, or endometrium from steroid-treated cats. Autoradiography and immunostaining of 2-D Western blots of culture media proteins demonstrated that implantation site and not non-implantation site tissue synthesized and released immunoreactive IGFBP-1 into the culture medium. 125Insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) specifically bound to this protein on 1-D Western ligand blots. Avidin-biotin immunocytochemistry utilizing the monoclonal antibody was used to localize IGFBP-1 in paraffin sections. Specific immunostaining was observed in the surface and glandular epithelium of the non-site endometrium throughout pregnancy, with stromal cell staining being detected later. (ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
An On-Die All-Digital Power Supply Noise Analyzer With Enhanced Spectrum Measurements

A scalable all-digital power supply noise analyzer with 20 GHz sampling bandwidth and 1 mV resolution is demonstrated in 32 nm CMOS technology for enabling low-cost low-power in-situ power supply noise measurements without dedicated clean supplies and clock sources. This subsampled averaging-based analyzer measures power supply noise in both the equivalent-time and frequency domains with low-resolution VCO-based ADCs. For equivalent-time measurements, the accurate impedance characterization of power delivery networks is simply done by measuring a clock-synchronized current-step response. For frequency-domain measurements, the digital random phase-noise accumulation technique is analyzed and verified to overcome the clock-and-noise correlation issue in autocorrelation measurements. In general large scale integrated circuits and systems, the entire power supply noise analyzer consumes negligible active and leakage powers because of the MHz-range sampling clock frequency and fully digital implementation with only hundreds of logic gates.
The diagnostic accuracy of ultrasound scan in predicting endometrial hyperplasia and cancer in postmenopausal bleeding

OBJECTIVE To determine the accuracy of ultrasound scan in the diagnosis of endometrial hyperplasia and cancer in postmenopausal bleeding. DESIGN A prospective diagnostic accuracy study (1996-97). SETTING Minimal access surgical training centers in two large teaching hospitals. METHODS Ultrasound scan and outpatient endometrial sampling were performed on 96 patients with postmenopausal bleeding. Patients unable to have these outpatient procedures had a formal inpatient hysteroscopy and curettage. Test performance characteristics were computed for ultrasound scan comparing its estimate of endometrial thickness with histologic diagnosis that served as a 'gold' standard. OUTCOME MEASURES Accuracy of the ultrasonic endometrial thickness was estimated using sensitivity, specificity and predictive values for binary data. For multilevel data, the diagnostic accuracy was computed using likelihood ratios (LRs). An LR < decreased the probability that endometrial hyperplasia/cancer was present, whereas an LR > 1 increased the probability that such lesion was present. RESULTS Using endometrial thickness > or =4 mm, the sensitivity of ultrasound to detect the endometrial malignancy was 92.9%, the specificity was 500%, and the positive and negative predictive values were 24.1% and 97.6% respectively. Analysis using likelihood ratio (LR) revealed that LR was 0.14 for endometrial thickness > or =4.0 mm, 0.94 for endometrial thickness 4.1-9.0 mm, and 3.3 for endometrial thickness >9.0 mm. CONCLUSION In women with postmenopausal bleeding, malignancy can probably be safely excluded if sonographic endometrial thickness is < or = 4.0 mm. However, the probability of endometrial hyperplasia/cancer is not particularly altered by the knowledge that endometrial thickness on scan is >4.0 mm.
Expression of interleukin 2 receptors and binding of interleukin 2 by gamma interferon-induced human leukemic and normal monocytic cells

Gamma interferon induced surface expression of interleukin 2 (IL-2) receptors on normal human monocytes and the monocytoid cell lines U937 and HL60. These receptors were detected by anti-IL-2 receptor monoclonal antibodies, and U937 IL-2 receptors were indistinguishable from T lymphocyte IL-2 receptors by immunoprecipitation. Also, U937 IL- 2 receptors bound biologically active IL-2. These results suggest a role for monocyte IL-2 receptors in T cell/monocyte interaction during an immune response.
[Microbiological study of gallbladder bile in a high risk zone for gallbladder cancer].

BACKGROUND Gallbladder cancer is frequent in Chile and there is sparse information about the association between this type of cancer and the presence of bacteria in the gallbladder bile. AIM To determine the presence of aerobic bacteria in gallbladder bile in patients with and without gallbladder cancer. MATERIAL AND METHODS A microbiological analysis of bile and pathological study was performed in 608 gallbladders, obtained during to cholecystectomies performed to 513 women and 95 men aged 44 years old as a mean. RESULTS Pathological study showed a chronic cholecystitis in 468 cases (77%), an acute cholecystitis in 140 (33%), cancer in 24 (3.9%) and dysplasia in 5 cases (0.8%). A positive culture was obtained in 22.5% of women and 28.5% of males. Twenty seven percent of women over 30 years old had positive cultures compared with 10% of younger women (p < 0.001). Thirty two percent of acute cholecystitis had positive cultures, compared with 24% of chronic cholecystitis (p = 0.03). E Coli was isolated in 51% of positive cases, Streptococci-Enterococci in 24%, Enterobacter sp in 9%, Klebsiella and Proteus in lower proportions. Salmonella sp was isolated in 4 cases, being all women with chronic cholecystitis. Thirteen of 29 cases with cancer or dysplasia had positive cultures (45%), compared with 25% of patients with inflammatory gallbladder diseases (p = 0.02). Streptococci-Enterococci were isolated in 7 cases and Enterobacter sp in three. CONCLUSIONS The presence of Salmonella sp in gallbladder bile was not frequent in the studied patients. Its role in the pathogenesis of gallbladder cancer must be reassessed.
Influence of Air Temperature on the Stability of Cytoplasmic Male Sterility (CMS) in Maize (Zea mays L.)

Cytoplasmic male sterility (CMS) is a maternally inherited trait that suppresses the production of viable pollen. CMS is a useful biological tool for containment strategies to reduce or prevent gene flow and cross-pollination to facilitate coexistence of genetically modified (GM) and non GM-crops in cases where it is required. CMS is reversible and can restore to fertility in the presence of nuclear restorer genes (Rf-genes) and by environmental impacts. The aim of this study was to investigate the influence of air temperature on the stability of CMS maize hybrids under defined greenhouse conditions. Three CMS maize hybrids were grown in three different temperature regimes. Tassel characteristics, pollen production, and fertility were studied. The CMS stability was high in hot air temperatures and decreased in lower temperatures. The extent of these phenomena was dependent on the CMS maize genotype and should be known before using CMS for coexistence purposes.
IN SOBOLEV

We show that capacity can be computed with locally Lipschitz functions in locally complete and separable metric spaces. Further, we show that if ( X,d,µ ) is a locally complete and separable metric measure space, then continuous functions are dense in the Newtonian space N 1 ,p ( X ). Here the measure µ is Borel and is ﬁnite and positive on all metric balls. In particular, we don’t assume properness of X , doubling of µ or any Poincar´e inequalities. These resolve, partially or fully, questions posed by a number of authors, including J. Heinonen, A. Bj¨orn and J. Bj¨orn. In contrast to much of the past work, our results apply to locally complete spaces X and dispenses with the frequently used regularity assumptions: doubling, properness, Poincar´e inequality, Loewner property or quasiconvexity.
Usefulness of Endoscopic Managements in Patients with Ceftriaxone-Induced Pseudolithiasis Causing Biliary Obstruction

Ceftriaxone (CTRX) is known to cause reversible biliary stones/sludge, which is called biliary pseudolithiasis. We report two rare cases of biliary obstruction by pseudolithiasis shortly after completing CTRX treatment. Stones and sludge, which had not been detected before CTRX administration, appeared in the gallbladder and common bile duct and led to biliary obstruction and acute cholangitis. The obstructions were successfully treated with endoscopic retrograde biliary drainage and endoscopic sphincterotomy. CTRX-induced biliary pseudolithiasis has been reported mainly in children and adolescents but is also seen in adults with similar incidence rate. Although CTRX-induced biliary pseudolithiasis is usually asymptomatic and disappears spontaneously after discontinuing the drug, some patients develop biliary obstruction. Endoscopic managements should be considered in such cases.
Formulation and Evaluation of Transdermal Patch of Stavudine

Stavudine has the half life of 1 to 1.5 hour and bioavailability in the body is 86% due to first-pass metabolism. The dose of stavudine is 40 mg two to three times daily depending on weight and gender; hence, it requires frequent dosing. Transdermal patch of stavudine was prepared to sustain the release and improve bioavailability of drug and patient compliance. Different formulations were prepared by using different concentrations of Eudragit RS 100 and Eudragit RL 100. The prepared formulations were evaluated for various parameters like weight, thickness, drug content, percentage moisture content, percentage moisture uptake, tensile strength, folding endurance, In vitro drug release and in vitro permeation studies. Also these patches were characterized by Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy and Fourier transforms Infrared Spectrosphotometry (FTIR). All formulations have shown 0 % constriction of the patches indicating 100% flatness of the transdermal patches. Thus, these formulations can maintain a smooth and uniform surface when they are functional onto skin. The folding endurance values of patches showed optimum flexibility of the patches. The moisture content and moisture uptake in the formulations of transdermal patch was found to be increased by increase in the concentration of Eudragit RS 100 and decreasing the concentration of Eudragit RL 100. FTIR study has shown absence of any interaction of the drug with the excipients. As concentration of Eudragit RL100 increased and subsequently the concentration of Eudragit RS100 decreased, the drug release was enhanced. Dhaka Univ. J. Pharm. Sci. 12(1): 63-69, 2013 (June) DOI: http://dx.doi. org/10.3329/dujps.v12i1. 16302
Depth from focus with one image

A novel depth-from-focus technique is introduced that needs only a single image. It is based on a precise knowledge of the 3-D point spread function and requires objects of uniform brightness and simple shapes. Using adequate low-level image processing techniques, the true area of the object and the distance from the focal plane is obtained from parameters such as the apparent (blurred) area of the object and the mean brightness in this area. The technique has been applied to measure the size distribution of bubbles submerged by breaking waves. A depth criterion is used to define a virtual measuring volume that is roughly proportional to the size of the bubbles. <<ETX>>
Protein utilisation and intermediary metabolism of Senegalese sole (Solea senegalensis) as a function of protein:lipid ratio

Previous experiments with Senegalese sole (Solea senegalensis) have demonstrated that dietary lipid levels above 8 % impaired growth and did not promote protein retention. We hypothesised that this low ability to use high-lipid diets may depend on the dietary protein level. In the present study, a 2 × 2 factorial design was applied where two dietary lipid (4–17 % DM) and two dietary protein (below and above the requirement levels, 48 and 54 % DM) levels were tested in juveniles for 114 d. Growth performance was not improved by the increase in dietary fat, irrespectively of the dietary protein levels. Protein retention was similar among the diets, although fish fed the diets with high lipid content resulted in significantly lower protein gain. Among the enzymes involved in amino acid catabolism, only aspartate aminotransferase activity in the liver was affected by the dietary lipid levels, being stimulated in fish fed high-lipid diets. Moreover, phosphofructokinase 1 activity was significantly elevated in the muscle of Senegalese sole fed 4 % lipid diets, suggesting enhanced glycolysis in the muscle when the dietary lipid supply was limited and dietary starch increased. The results confirmed that high-lipid diets do not enhance growth, and data from the selected enzymes support the assumption that lipids are not efficiently used for energy production and protein sparing, even when dietary protein is below the protein requirement of the species. Furthermore, data suggest a significant role of glucose as the energy source in Senegalese sole.