Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
[Interictal EEG coherence in patients with partial temporal lobe epilepsy].

AIMS The purpose of this research was to study the spatio-temporal characteristics of the correlation that exists between two simultaneous EEG signals (coherence) in the interictal period in patients with partial epilepsy that is presumably symptomatic of the temporal lobe (ILAE). PATIENTS AND METHODS A study of 13 patients, aged between 17-60 years, was conducted (53% females). A digital EEG was performed on each patient using the 10/20 system of electrode location. 24 artifact-free segments were selected from the recording made in a rest-waking state with the patient's eyes closed. Fourier's transformation was employed to obtain cross spectrum matrices, which were then used to calculate the intrahemispheric (Cohintra) and interhemispheric (Cohinter) coherences expressed by the Z transformation. These values were ordered by regions considering the known anatomical connections. RESULTS In both the overall and the individual analyses, we found greater alterations of the Cohintra and the Cohinter in the temporal regions, and there was a predominance of the left hemisphere. The individual analysis of coherence, unlike the visual interpretation of the EEG recording, showed significant alterations in all the patients in the sample. CONCLUSIONS Incorporating this type of tool would enable us to reach a more accurate topographic diagnosis in cases of epilepsy of unknown aetiology. At the same time the possible means of medical and surgical treatment available would be widened.
Is the Stoichiometry of the Parotid Co-transporter 1 Na: 1 K: 2 Cl?

Substantial evidence indicates that secretion of primary saliva can be accounted for by a model of the type originally proposed by Silva et al. (1977). Secretion is dependent on the Na-KATPase, which is located on the basolateral membrane of the secretary acinar cells (Bundgaard et al., 1977). The active uptake of K is balanced under steady-state conditions by a passive efflux through K channels in the basolateral membrane (Petersen and Maruyama, 1984), thereby maintaining a cellnegative membrane potential (Petersen, 1980). The electrochemical gradient for Na established by the Na-K-ATPase
16-MDCT angiography of aortoiliac and lower extremity arteries: comparison with digital subtraction angiography.

OBJECTIVE The objective of our study was to prospectively compare CT angiography (CTA) performed on a 16-MDCT scanner and digital subtraction angiography (DSA) in patients with peripheral arterial disease. SUBJECTS AND METHODS CTA and DSA were compared in 50 patients. CTA was independently evaluated by two blinded observers. DSA was evaluated by two additional blinded observers in consensus. Consensus DSA served as the reference standard for comparisons with CTA in terms of diagnostic quality, grading of stenoocclusive lesions, visualization of collaterals, impact on patient management, and time required for analysis. RESULTS No significant differences in diagnostic quality were observed between CTA and DSA above the ankle; both CTA observers noted significantly better visualization of pedal arteries (70 and 72 segments, respectively) than on DSA (57 segments). Of 958 stenoocclusive lesions on DSA, CTA observers 1 and 2 detected 933 and 929 lesions, respectively. Sensitivity and specificity for the detection of hemodynamically relevant (> 50%) lesions was 93.3% and 96.5% for observer 1 and 90.1% and 95.6% for observer 2. Collaterals were seen at 150 arterial levels on DSA compared with 97 and 92 levels on CTA (p < 0.05, both observers). Patient management decisions based on CTA were equivalent to those based on DSA in 49 of the 50 patients. CONCLUSION CTA is an effective noninvasive alternative to DSA for the evaluation of peripheral arterial disease.
CD14‐Dependent and Independent Pathways in Lipopolysaccharide‐Induced Activation of a Murine B‐Cell Line, CH12.LX

Using a lipopolysaccharide (LPS)‐responsive murine B‐cell line, CH12.LX, we assessed the possible role of CD14 in LPS‐induced activation of B cells. Flow cytometric analysis indicated that CH12.LX cells expressed the CD14 molecule with a lower intensity than did the macrophage cell line J774.1. A reverse transcription‐polymerase chain reaction and Northern blot analysis revealed low, but significant, levels of CD14 mRNA in CH12.LX cells, whose cDNA was identical to that of the mouse macrophage CD14 gene. After stimulation with LPS, CH12.LX cells proliferated, accompanied by up‐regulations of CD14, transforming growth factor (TGF)‐β and interleukin (IL)‐6 mRNA, and increased IgM and IgA secretion. In the absence of serum or with the addition of anti‐CD14 monoclonal antibodies, however, LPS‐stimulation induced neither the up‐regulation of CD14 and TGF‐β mRNA nor an increase in IgA secretion. These findings indicate that CD14 expression is not restricted to myeloid cells, but is involved in some cellular activation events of murine B cells elicited by LPS. Furthermore, a CD14‐independent pathway may also exist in the LPS‐induced activation of B cells that leads to proliferation, IL‐6 production and the enhancement of IgM (but not IgA) secretion.
Bacterial Energy Sensor Aer Modulates the Activity of the Chemotaxis Kinase CheA Based on the Redox State of the Flavin Cofactor*

Flagellated bacteria modulate their swimming behavior in response to environmental cues through the CheA/CheY signaling pathway. In addition to responding to external chemicals, bacteria also monitor internal conditions that reflect the availability of oxygen, light, and reducing equivalents, in a process termed “energy taxis. ” In Escherichia coli, the transmembrane receptor Aer is the primary energy sensor for motility. Genetic and physiological data suggest that Aer monitors the electron transport chain through the redox state of its FAD cofactor. However, direct biochemical data correlating FAD redox chemistry with CheA kinase activity have been lacking. Here, we test this hypothesis via functional reconstitution of Aer into nanodiscs. As purified, Aer contains fully oxidized FAD, which can be chemically reduced to the anionic semiquinone (ASQ). Oxidized Aer activates CheA, whereas ASQ Aer reversibly inhibits CheA. Under these conditions, Aer cannot be further reduced to the hydroquinone, in contrast to the proposed Aer signaling model. Pulse ESR spectroscopy of the ASQ corroborates a potential mechanism for signaling in that the resulting distance between the two flavin-binding PAS (Per-Arnt-Sim) domains implies that they tightly sandwich the signal-transducing HAMP domain in the kinase-off state. Aer appears to follow oligomerization patterns observed for related chemoreceptors, as higher loading of Aer dimers into nanodiscs increases kinase activity. These results provide a new methodological platform to study Aer function along with new mechanistic details into its signal transduction process.
Global ends, local means: Making it to partner in professional service firms

An expanding institutionalist literature on professional service firms (PSFs) emphasizes that these are ridden by contradictions, paradoxes and conflicting logics. More specifically, literature looking at PSFs in a global context has highlighted how these contradictions prevent firms from becoming truly global in nature. What it takes to make partner in the Big 4 is at the core of such interrogations since partners belong to global firms yet are promoted at the national level. We undertake a cross-country comparison of partner promotion processes in Big 4 PSFs in Canada, France, Spain and the UK. Synthesising existing institutionalist work with Bourdieusian theory, our results suggest that PSFs in different countries resemble each other very closely in terms of the requirements demanded of their partners. Although heterogeneity can be observed in the way in which different forms of capital are converted into each other, we show there is an overall homogeneity in that economic capital hurdles are the most significant, if not the sole, criterion upon which considerations of partnership admissions are based.
Hyper-Rayleigh scattering in solution.

Hyper-Rayleigh scattering in solution is used for the determination of the hyperpolarizability of nonlinear optical molecules. Obtaining the first hyperpolarizability \ensuremath{\beta} without having to independently determine the dipole moment \ensuremath{\mu} and the second hyperpolarizability \ensuremath{\gamma} is an advantage over the electric-field-induced second-harmonic generation technique. Values of the first hyperpolarizability \ensuremath{\beta} of 23\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}${10}^{\mathrm{\ensuremath{-}}30}$ esu for para-nitroaniline, 105\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}${10}^{\mathrm{\ensuremath{-}}30}$ esu for 4-methoxy-4'-nitrostilbene, and 95\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}${10}^{\mathrm{\ensuremath{-}}30}$ esu for 4-hydroxy-4'-nitrostilbene dissolved in chloroform have been obtained. The equivalent-internal-field model is shown to hold for small saturated molecules.
Parvovirus Infection Suppresses Long-Term Repopulating Hematopoietic Stem Cells

ABSTRACT The functional disturbance of self-renewing and multipotent hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) in viral diseases is poorly understood. In this report, we have assessed the susceptibility of mouse HSCs to strain i of the autonomous parvovirus minute virus of mice (MVMi) in vitro and during persistent infection of an immunodeficient host. Purified 5FUr Lin− Sca-1+ primitive hematopoietic precursors were permissive for MVMi genome replication and the expression of viral gene products. The lymphoid and myeloid repopulating capacity of bone marrow (BM) cells was significantly impaired after in vitro infection, although the degree of functional effect proportionally decreased with the posttransplantation time. This indicated that MVMi targets the heterogeneous compartment of repopulating cells with differential affinity and suggests that the virus may persist in some primitive HSCs in the quiescent stage, killing those eventually recruited for proliferative activity. Immunodeficient SCID mice oronasally infected with MVMi were cured of the characteristic virus-induced lethal leukopenia by transplantation of immunocompetent BM grafts. However, two double-stranded viral DNA species, probably uncommon replicative intermediates, remained in the marrow of every transplanted mouse months after infectious virus clearance. Genetic analysis of the rescued mice showed that the infection ensured a stable engraftment of donor hematopoiesis by markedly depleting the pool of endogenous HSCs. The MVMi-induced suppression of HSC functions illustrates the accessibility of this compartment to infection during a natural viral hematological disease. These results may provide clues to understanding delayed hematopoietic syndromes associated with persistent viral infections and to prospective gene delivery to HSCs in vivo.
Jordan's Principle and Indigenous Children with Disabilities in Canada: Jurisdiction, Advocacy, and Research

This article discusses Indigenous1 1In this article, the terms Indigenous, First Nations, Aboriginal, and Treaty Indian are used interchangeably, and as needed to describe the political reality of the First Peoples of Canada. children with disabilities in Canada and examines their experiences with federal and provincial jurisdictional and funding disputes. It explores Canada's adversarial legal and policy techniques to delay implementation and funding of Jordan's Principle, a Canadian Human Rights Tribunal action seeking to address the delays, and the recommendations of a recent independent Canadian research project. Finally, it suggests ways to advance Jordan's Principle in Canada and elsewhere.
Human papillomavirus and the value of screening: young women's knowledge of cervical cancer.

The study reports a questionnaire survey of female university students intended (1) to delineate their knowledge of cervical cancer and screening, and (2) to impute their valuation of the introduction of human papillomavirus (HPV) testing. It was found that almost 80% of respondents thought cervical cancer was a leading cause of cancer death amongst women. Most subjects consistently over-estimated the incidence of cervical cancer, consistent with the social amplification hypothesis. The major risk factors were accurately identified by the majority, although family history was emphasized to a degree unwarranted by epidemiological evidence. Subjects' knowledge of the screening programme was accurate in some respects, but not in others, e.g. the majority under-estimated the abnormality rate and over-estimated the age at which abnormalities typically occurred. Subjects placed a premium on the increased accuracy which HPV testing might potentially offer, predictable from their beliefs about the performance of the existing screening programme. Policy makers can be reassured that female university students appear unconcerned about undergoing a test for a sexually transmitted disease, although their beliefs about cervical cancer and the power of screening are distorted, and their enthusiasm for HPV testing relates to an, as yet, unconfirmed belief in its accuracy.
Inhibition of Neuronal Activity in the Nucleus of the Optic Tract due to Electrical Stimulation of the Medial Terminal Nucleus in the Rat

Morphologically, a GABAergic connection between the medial terminal nucleus of the accessory optic system and the nucleus of the optic tract, two primary visual nuclei involved in the optokinetic reflex, has been demonstrated. In this study it was investigated if the medial terminal nucleus forms an inhibitory input to movement direction selective units in the nucleus of the optic tract. Neurons in the nucleus of the optic tract were visually stimulated with moving large random square patterns in their preferred and non‐preferred direction, and their activity was recorded extracellularly. Concomitantly, bipolar electrical stimulation was applied to the medial terminal nucleus and its effect was studied on the visual responses of units in the nucleus of the optic tract. Units in the nucleus of the optic tract were strongly inhibited during electrical stimulation of the medial terminal nucleus. The role of GABA in mediating this inhibition was investigated by applying bicuculline, a GABAA receptor antagonist, iontophoretically to the recorded units in the nucleus of the optic tract. However, although average spike rate levels of units in the nucleus of the optic tract increased with bicuculline, bicuculline did not reduce inhibition invoked by electrical stimulation of the medial terminal nucleus. A possible explanation for this observation is that this inhibition is GABAB receptor mediated.
Series-series association of two Dual Active Bridge (DAB) converters

This paper proposes a modular isolated dc-dc converter based on the series-series association of Dual Active Bridge (DAB) converters. The main attribute of the proposed topology is its ability to provide self-balance of the voltages on both sides of each individual converter, without voltage loop control, both in steady state and transient operations due to the natural circuit losses. Other important attributes are the voltage stress reduction in switches, due to the series-series association, and the fact that it has bidirectional power flow capability. The study of capacitor voltage balancing mechanism and theoretical analysis are included in the paper along with experimental results obtained from a prototype with two modules, 400 Vdc on the source side A and 400 Vdc on the load side B, 400 W of power, and 40 kHz switching frequency. Certain possible applications include high-voltage bidirectional direct current source supplies and interconnection of high-voltage direct current (HVDC) transmission lines.
Multi-channel information seeking: a fuzzy conceptual model

Information seeking is a fluid and situation dependent activity where a seeker's actions are influenced by access to information, perceived quality (or information fit) and trust in the information source. All of these factors combined create an ever‐changing information‐seeking environment. Generally, traditional models and survey methodologies capture a “snapshot in time” of a particular information‐seeking activity, but fail to capture the multivalent influences of things such as chance, frequency of encounters, strength of source or the introduction of new or multiple influencers. Using the tool of fuzzy control systems, a new conceptual model is introduced that not only diagrams the influences on the information seeker, but also provides a framework to devise (or refine existing) communications strategies.
More dimensions than the economic , social and environmental are needed for an effective assessment of the sustainability in the supply chain ; in particular supply chain collaboration and sustainable relationships

The life cycle approach is widely used in the analysis of sustainability. Its application to supply chains is necessary since the product flows, from processing of raw materials to the final customer, are considered. The role of the organizational aspects, expressed in terms of relationships between the supply chain agents, is little considered in the life cycle analysis approach. The aim of this paper is to extend the scope of the food chain life cycle analysis by adding the organizational dimension to the environmental, economic and social ones. Within this context, Collaboration and Sustainable Relationships concepts have been explored based on a literature survey. A theoretical framework, describing their role in assessing the organizational dimension in the life cycle analysis of the food supply chains, is defined. A hypothesis on their joint influence on the supply chains performances is formulated.
Surface magnon polariton modes in the open through passage resonator partially filled ferrite

The problem of eigenmodes of an open transmission resonator with gyrotropic ferrite medium is theoretically solved and existence of surface magnon polariton (SMP) modes with field high concentration on border of the ferrite resonator is determined. All possible combined modes of existence of surfaced and volumetric modes are analyzed, dependences of their resonant frequencies vs. medium material parameters and resonator and ferrite layer geometrical sizes are determined.
The histopathology of human melioidosis

We examined human tissues infected by Burkholderia (Pseudomonas) pseudomallei which is endemic in Malaysia to study the types of inflammation invoked, and to look for histopathological clues to its diagnosis. The lesions which varied from acute to chronic granulomatous inflammation were not tissue‐specific. In five autopsy cases, the inflammation was usually a focal or diffuse, acute necrotising inflammation with varying numbers of neutrophils, macrophages, lymphocytes and ‘giant cells’. The ‘giant cells’ probably represent giant macrophages with phagocytosed leukocytes. There were numerous gram‐negative, non‐acid‐fast, intra‐ and extracellular bacilli, occurring either singly or in chains. Intracellular bacteria within macrophages and ‘giant cells’ were so numerous as to resemble globi. This feature has not been previously reported and may be a useful diagnostic clue in melioidosis. In 14 surgical cases biopsies showed acute inflammatory lesions that appeared no different from acute inflammation due to other causes. In many biopsies, however, the inflammation was either an acute‐on‐chronic inflammation with a focal granulomatous component, or was purely granulomatous in character. Bacilli were difficult to demonstrate in surgical biopsies even with the gram strain.
Angiotensin II signaling via type 2 receptors in a human model of vascular hyporeactivity: implications for hypertension

Objective Angiotensin II (Ang II) signaling via type 1 receptor (AT1R) has been extensively characterized, whereas Ang II signaling via type 2 receptors (AT2R), although counteracts actions mediated by AT1R, is still not completely understood. Bartter's/Gitelman's patients (BS/GS) have intrinsically blunted AT1R signaling, making them a good model to examine Ang II signaling via AT2R with particular emphasis on mitogen-activated protein kinase phosphatase 1 (MKP-1) that interacts with the Ang II-stimulated ERK pathway of cell signaling. Methods BS/GS and healthy controls fibroblasts AT1R and AT2R level and the time course of Ang II's effect on MKP-1 levels and ERK1/2 phosphorylation over 1-h time course were assessed by western blot. The time course of Ang II's effect on MKP-1 levels and ERK1/2 phosphorylation alone or in the presence of either PD123319, an AT2R blocker, or Losartan, an AT1R blocker, or in combination was characterized. Results AT1R and AT2R levels did not differ between BS/GS and healthy controls. Ang II induced ERK1/2 phosphorylation in BS/GS fibroblasts, but peak ERK1/2 phosphorylation declined more rapidly than that in control and BS/GS fibroblasts also exhibited increased MKP-1 levels at 30-min incubation. PD123319, an AT2R blocker in BS/GS fibroblasts, abolished the increased MKP-1 and ERK1/2 phosphorylation time course became same as that for control. Losartan, an AT1R blocker, alone altered the time course of control fibroblast MKP-1 to mimic the increase seen in BS/GS fibroblasts, whereas ERK1/2 declined concomitantly. Treatment with Losartan and PD123319 in controls reduced MKP-1 and elevated ERK1/2 phosphorylation to the level observed in BS/GS patients treated with PD123319. Conclusion ERK1/2 phosphorylation time course found in BS/GS fibroblasts tracked changes in MKP-1 levels and incubation with an AT2R blocker, PD123319, abrogated those responses. Losartan, an AT1R blocker, reproduced these changes in healthy controls, whereas the presence of both AT1R and AT2R inhibitors in controls abolished these changes. These data strongly suggest that MKP-1 is a major effector in altering ERK1/2 phosphorylation status. Moreover, the results provide insight into the blunted responses in BS/GS reported for Ang II short-term and long-term effects, the mechanisms responsible, and thereby yield additional support for the role of AT2R signaling in the proposed effects of Ang II AT1R blockers beyond AT1R blockade.
Language and gender

This course is an introduction to the large body of literature on Language and Gender within Sociolinguistics and within studies of language in social context more generally. Students will investigate how language in use mediates, and is mediated by, social constructions of gender and sexuality. An emphasis on the history of research in language and gender, which contains distinct phases and movements in the field, will culminate in a current description of the state of language and gender research today. Particular attention will be paid to the evolution of feminist theory, ideology, hegemony, performativity, and the “borders” of gender identities. Students will read scholarly articles and write critical reflection papers, and complete a final paper on a topic related to language and gender.
Autistic Spectrum Disorder

This study analyses the prevalence of ASD, comorbidity, educational provision and ability in autistic children in a single health district, born between 1983 and 1996. The number of recorded diagnoses doubled over a 4 year period. This appeared to be due to greater recognition of ASD in more able children, in children initially presenting with ADHD, and possibly in females. ADHD accounted for a substantial proportion of comorbidity. Age at diagnosis appeared to be related to school placement. Cognitive ability levels ranging from more than three standard deviations below the mean to more than one standard deviation above the mean were found in the moderate and severe learning difficulty school population as well as in the mainstream population. Exceptionally low levels of verbal ability were present in a high proportion of mainstream pupils. Measured levels of cognitive function show poor relationship with actual educational placement.