Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Inducible nuclear expression of newly synthesized I kappa B alpha negatively regulates DNA-binding and transcriptional activities of NF-kappa B

The transcription factor NF-kappa B is exploited by many viruses, including the human immunodeficiency virus, for expression of viral genes, but its primary role appears to be in the rapid induction of cellular genes during immune and inflammatory responses. The inhibitor protein I kappa B alpha maintains NF-kappa B in an inactive form in the cytoplasms of unstimulated cells, but upon cell activation, I kappa B alpha is rapidly degraded, leading to nuclear translocation of free NF-kappa B. However, NF-kappa B-dependent transcription of the I kappa B alpha gene leads to rapid resynthesis of the I kappa B alpha protein and inhibition of NF-kappa B-dependent transcription. Here we demonstrate a new regulatory function of I kappa B alpha exerted on NF-kappa B in the nuclear compartment. Although normally found in the cytoplasm, I kappa B alpha, newly synthesized in response to tumor necrosis factor or interleukin I, is transported to the nucleus. In the nucleus I kappa B alpha associates with the p50 and p65 subunits of NF-kappa B, inhibiting DNA binding of the transcription factor. Furthermore, nuclear expression of I kappa B alpha correlates with transcription termination of transfected NF-kappa B-dependent luciferase genes. Following the appearance of I kappa B alpha in the nuclei of activated cells, a dramatic reduction in the amount of nuclear p50 occurs, suggesting that NF-kappa B-I kappa B alpha complexes are cleared from the nucleus.
Topological Estimation using Ultrasonic and Radio

In this paper, we present a method for estimation of objects' positions and orientations in an indoor environment. For ubiquitous computing, it is important to realize provision of a location-aware information service for humans. Especially, orientation information can reflect a more detailed context than that obtained merely according to a location: people standing face-to-face or back-to-back have vastly different contexts. We are tackling indoor location and orientation estimation using a new approach called topological estimation, which specifically examines relative relationships of humans rather than their absolute positions. In the initial implementation of topological estimation, we have used infrared tags as sensors to collect real-world related information. This paper describes an ultrasonic and radio device system to collect objects' local relationships.
Quelques variantes de LDS

Nous presentons plusieurs variantes de LDS: RLDS, qui differe de LDS par l'inversion de l'ordre de visite des feuilles de l'arbre a l'interieur des iterations de l'algorithme, et DWDS, qui limite la somme des profondeurs des divergences au lieu de la somme des divergences. Nous justifions ces variantes par rapport a un modele probabiliste de repartition des solutions dans l'arbre, conformement aux proprietes standard liees a l'utilisation d'une heuristique dynamique de choix de valeurs. Sachant que les algorithmes bases sur les divergences induisent une generation redondante des noeuds internes de l'arbre, nous presentons les variantes de LDS et de DWDS qui permettent une reduction de cette redondance en echange d'une certaine alteration de leur ordre de visite des noeuds afin d'augmenter la souplesse et l'efficacite de ces algorithmes.
Mitogen-activated protein kinases: new signaling pathways functioning in cellular responses to environmental stress

SUMMARY The mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) superfamily consists of three main protein kinase families: the extracellular signal-regulated protein kinases (ERKs), the c-Jun N-terminal kinases (JNKs) and the p38 family of kinases. Each is proving to have major roles in the regulation of intracellular metabolism and gene expression and integral actions in many areas including growth and development, disease, apoptosis and cellular responses to external stresses. To date, this cellular signal transduction network has received relatively little attention from comparative biochemists, despite the high probability that MAPKs have critical roles in the adaptive responses to thermal, osmotic and oxygen stresses. The present article reviews the current understanding of the roles and regulation of ERKs, JNKs and p38, summarizes what is known to date about MAPK roles in animal models of anoxia tolerance, freeze tolerance and osmoregulation, and highlights the potential that studies of MAPK pathways have for advancing our understanding of the mechanisms of biochemical adaptation.
Object detection in remote sensing images based on one-class classification

For remote sensing image understanding, target detection is one of the most important tasks. In this paper, we propose one object detection method based on region proposal detection via active contour model and detection based on one-class classification method. The large scale remote sensing image is split into several connected components. And then, the proposed algorithm detects the object from the background. The proposed algorithm has been tested on several scenes of real unmanned aerial vehicle image datasets, and achieves promising results.
Unsupervised speaker adaptation based on hierarchical spectral clustering

The author proposes an automatic speaker adaptation algorithm for speech recognition, in which a small amount of training material of unspecified text can be used. The algorithm is easily applied to vector-quantization- (VQ) speech recognition systems consisting of a VQ codebook and a word dictionary in which each word is represented as a sequence of codebook entries. In the adaptation algorithm, the VQ codebook is modified for each new speaker, whereas the word dictionary is universally used for all speakers. The important feature of this algorithm is that a set of spectra in training frames and the codebook entries are clustered hierarchically. Based on the vectors representing deviation between centroids of the training frame clusters and the corresponding codebook clusters, adaptation is performed hierarchically from small to large numbers of clusters. The spectral resolution of the adaptation process is improved accordingly. Results of recognition experiments using utterances of 100 Japanese city names show that adaptation reduces the mean word recognition error rate from 4.9 to 2.9%. Since the error rate for speaker-dependent recognition is 2.2%, the adaptation method is highly effective. >
Ion Channels in Genetic Epilepsy: From Genes and Mechanisms to Disease-Targeted Therapies

Epilepsy is a common and serious neurologic disease with a strong genetic component. Genetic studies have identified an increasing collection of disease-causing genes. The impact of these genetic discoveries is wide reaching—from precise diagnosis and classification of syndromes to the discovery and validation of new drug targets and the development of disease-targeted therapeutic strategies. About 25% of genes identified in epilepsy encode ion channels. Much of our understanding of disease mechanisms comes from work focused on this class of protein. In this study, we review the genetic, molecular, and physiologic evidence supporting the pathogenic role of a number of different voltage- and ligand-activated ion channels in genetic epilepsy. We also review proposed disease mechanisms for each ion channel and highlight targeted therapeutic strategies.
A voltage base electrothermal model for the interconnection and E-Fuse under the DC and pulse stresses

A DC and pulse stress electro-thermal model that can well describe the dynamic thermal behaviors of most interconnections fabricated in CMOS technology is derived and demonstrated. This model provides for the first time a simple methodology to evaluate the time dependent temperature and resistance of the interconnection under an applied voltage stress, especially critical to E-Fuse development.
Adult Age Differences in the Ability to Mentally Transform Object and Body Stimuli

ABSTRACT Cognitive neuroscience literature suggests a strong dissociation between the ability to mentally transform object and body stimuli (Hegarty & Waller, 2004 ). However, little is known about how this ability changes with age. This dissociation was explored in 20 younger (19–24 years) and 20 older (65–87 years) adults. Mental rotation of object stimuli was demonstrated for both age groups, suggesting that the neuro-cognitive network involved with performing (object-based) mental transformations is relatively preserved in older age. Compared to young adults, older adults displayed the greatest decline in performance efficiency for the whole-body task. The authors propose that an age-related decline in the integrity of body-schema information may account for this change.
Articular Sinus Tract with Mycobacterium fortuitum Osteomyelitis After Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction: A Case Report

Case: Three weeks after transphyseal anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction with a hamstring autograft, a fourteen-year-old boy presented with fevers, joint effusion, and elevated inflammatory markers. Cultures from an operative debridement grew Mycobacterium fortuitum, for which he received six months of antibiotics. Continued drainage prompted magnetic resonance imaging, which revealed osteomyelitis of the tibial tunnel. Conclusion: This case report describes a postoperative infection with an atypical organism that had a protracted course despite early diagnosis. Complete resolution was achieved following tibial tunnel debridement with a high-speed burr and bone-grafting with an antibiotic-laden allograft.
IDENTIFICATION AND PROPERTIES OF THE PHOTOSPHERIC EMISSION IN GRB090902B

The Fermi Gamma-ray Space Telescope observed the bright and long GRB090902B, lying at a redshift of z = 1.822. Together the Large Area Telescope (LAT) and the Gamma-ray Burst Monitor (GBM) cover the spectral range from 8 keV to >300 GeV. Here we show that the prompt burst spectrum is consistent with emission from the jet photosphere combined with nonthermal emission described by a single power law with photon index −1.9. The photosphere gives rise to a strong quasi-blackbody spectrum which is somewhat broader than a single Planck function and has a characteristic temperature of ∼290 keV. We model the photospheric emission with a multicolor blackbody, and its shape indicates that the photospheric radius increases at higher latitudes. We derive the averaged photospheric radius Rph = (1.1 ± 0.3) × 1012 Y1/4 cm and the bulk Lorentz factor of the flow, which is found to vary by a factor of 2 and has a maximal value of Γ = 750 Y1/4. Here, Y is the ratio between the total fireball energy and the energy emitted in the gamma rays. We find that during the first quarter of the prompt phase the photospheric emission dominates, which explains the delayed onset of the observed flux in the LAT compared to the GBM. We interpret the broadband emission as synchrotron emission at R ∼ 4 × 1015 cm. Our analysis emphasizes the importance of having high temporal resolution when performing spectral analysis on gamma-ray bursts, since there is strong spectral evolution.
Mass Spectrometric Analysis of Exhaled Breath for the Identification of Volatile Organic Compound Biomarkers in Esophageal and Gastric Adenocarcinoma

Objective: The present study assessed whether exhaled breath analysis using Selected Ion Flow Tube Mass Spectrometry could distinguish esophageal and gastric adenocarcinoma from noncancer controls. Background: The majority of patients with upper gastrointestinal cancer present with advanced disease, resulting in poor long-term survival rates. Novel methods are needed to diagnose potentially curable upper gastrointestinal malignancies. Methods: A Profile-3 Selected Ion Flow Tube Mass Spectrometry instrument was used for analysis of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) within exhaled breath samples. All study participants had undergone upper gastrointestinal endoscopy on the day of breath sampling. Receiver operating characteristic analysis and a diagnostic risk prediction model were used to assess the discriminatory accuracy of the identified VOCs. Results: Exhaled breath samples were analyzed from 81 patients with esophageal (N = 48) or gastric adenocarcinoma (N = 33) and 129 controls including Barrett's metaplasia (N = 16), benign upper gastrointestinal diseases (N = 62), or a normal upper gastrointestinal tract (N = 51). Twelve VOCs—pentanoic acid, hexanoic acid, phenol, methyl phenol, ethyl phenol, butanal, pentanal, hexanal, heptanal, octanal, nonanal, and decanal—were present at significantly higher concentrations (P < 0.05) in the cancer groups than in the noncancer controls. The area under the ROC curve using these significant VOCs to discriminate esophageal and gastric adenocarcinoma from those with normal upper gastrointestinal tracts was 0.97 and 0.98, respectively. The area under the ROC curve for the model and validation subsets of the diagnostic prediction model was 0.92 ± 0.01 and 0.87 ± 0.03, respectively. Conclusions: Distinct exhaled breath VOC profiles can distinguish patients with esophageal and gastric adenocarcinoma from noncancer controls.
Body size, body temperature and age in relation to the metabolic rate of the pig in the first five weeks after birth

In the period following the birth of the young pig there are in the normal animal at least three apparent factors which could influence the metabolic rate. First, the pig grows rapidly, and heat production would be expected to increase with increasing size of the animal. Secondly, the deep body temperature would be expected to influence metabolic processes, either directly or reflexly; related to this, the new-born pig's metabolic rate rises during the first two days after birth, and there is an associated rise in rectal temperature (Mount, 1959). Thirdly, the increasing age of the pig could be indicative of physiological development which would influence the metabolic rate; in this connexion Gelineo (1959) has reviewed the development of homoeothermy in mammals. The question which arises, then, is how the growing pig's oxygen consumption rate is related to each factor independently of the other two. The present investigation is an attempt to answer this question. The method has been to apply multiple regression analysis to oxygen consumption rates of pigs during the first five weeks after birth in relation to body weight, rectal temperature and age. Some of these results have been the subject of a preliminary communication (Mount & Rowell, 1960).
Spatial and temporal variability of column-integrated aerosol optical properties in the southern Arabian Gulf and United Arab Emirates in summer

[1] A mesoscale network of 14 AERONET Sun photometers was established in the UAE and adjacent Arabian Gulf from August through September 2004 as a component of the United Arab Emirates Unified Aerosol Experiment (UAE2). These measurements allowed for spatial, temporal and spectral characterization of the complex aerosol mixtures present in this environment where coarse mode desert dust aerosols often mix with fine mode pollution aerosols largely produced by the petroleum industry. Aerosol loading was relatively high with 2-month averages of aerosol optical depth (AOD) at 500 nm (τa500) ranging from 0.40 to 0.53. A higher fine mode fraction of AOD was observed over Arabian Gulf island sites with Angstrom exponent at 440–870 nm (α440–870) of 0.77 as compared to an average of 0.64 over coastal sites and 0.50–0.57 at inland desert sites. During pollution events with α440–870 > 1 the retrieved fine mode radius was larger over an island site than a desert site probably because of hygroscopic growth over the humid marine environment. For these same pollution cases, single scattering albedo (ωo) at all wavelengths was ∼0.03 higher (less absorption) over the marine environment than over the desert, also consistent with aerosol humidification growth. At an inland desert location, the ωo at 440 nm remained relatively constant as Angstrom exponent varied since the fine mode pollution and coarse mode dust were both strong absorbers at short wavelengths. However, at longer wavelengths (675–1020 nm) the dust was much less absorbing than the pollution resulting in dynamic ωo as a function of α440–870.
Effect of Ethanol Extract of Indigofera tinctoria Linn (Fabaceae) on Lithium/Pilocarpine-Induced Status Epilepticus and Oxidative Stress in Wistar Rats

Purpose: Indigofera tinctoria Linn. of the Fabaceae family is claimed to be useful in the treatment of a variety of epileptic disorders in Indian traditional system of medicine. The present study was designed to verify this claim. Methods: Status epilepticus was induced in male albino rats of Wistar strain by administration of pilocarpine (30 mg/kg, i.p.) 24 h after injection of lithium chloride (3 mEq/kg, i.p.). Different doses of the ethanol extract of Indigofera tinctoria were administered orally 1 h before the injection of pilocarpine. The severity of status epilepticus was observed and recorded every 15 min for 90 min and thereafter every 30 min for another 90 min, using Racine scoring system. In-vivo lipid peroxidation of rat brain tissue was measured in terms of the thiobarbiturate-reactive substances (TBARS). Both in-vitro free radical nitric oxide (NO) and 2-diphenyl-2-picryl hydrazyl (DPPH) scavenging activities of the extract were also determined. Results: The severity of status epilepticus was significantly (p Conclusion: The ethanol extract of Indigofera tinctoria was found to be useful in controlling lithium/pilocarpine-induced status epilepticus in albino rats. Keywords: Indigofera tinctoria , Free radical scavenging, Status epilepticus, Antioxidant, Albino rats, Polyphenols.
A Nurse Residency Program for Competency Development Using Human Patient Simulation

A new graduate registered nurse residency program integrating human patient simulation was developed at an academic medical center. The program focused on orientation through skill-based learning, critical thinking, human factors engineering, and patient safety using simulated experiences for a wide variety of high-risk, low-frequency, as well as high-frequency, commonly occurring clinical events and situations. Structured evaluations demonstrated that simulation serves as a highly effective strategy for developing competency, confidence, and readiness for entry-into-practice. It strengthened assessment and clinical skills, and enhanced nurse residents' ability to apply critical thinking to simulated patient scenarios. The time and cost of orientation decreased while recent graduate nurse satisfaction with orientation was high.
Genetic diversity of Chlamydia among captive birds from central Argentina

To study the occurrence of Chlamydia spp. and their genetic diversity, we analysed 793 cloacal swabs from 12 avian orders, including 76 genera, obtained from 80 species of asymptomatic wild and captive birds that were examined with conventional nested polymerase chain reaction and quantitative polymerase chain reaction. Chlamydia spp. were not detected in wild birds; however, four species (Chlamydia psittaci, Chlamydia pecorum, Chlamydia pneumoniae and Chlamydia gallinacea) were identified among captive birds (Passeriformes, n = 20; Psittaciformes, n = 15; Rheiformes, n = 8; Falconiformes n = 2; Piciformes n = 2; Anseriformes n = 1; Galliformes n = 1; Strigiformes n = 1). Two pathogens (C. pneumoniae and C. pecorum) were identified simultaneously in samples obtained from captive birds. Based on nucleotide-sequence variations of the ompA gene, three C. psittaci-positive samples detected were grouped into a cluster with the genotype WC derived from mammalian hosts. A single positive sample was phylogenetically related to a new strain of C. gallinacea. This report contributes to our increasing understanding of the abundance of Chlamydia in the animal kingdom.
VIKOR method using interval type two fuzzy sets

One of the frequently used multi-attribute decision making (MADM) methods is VIKOR, which provides a compromise solution with maximum group utility and minimum regret of decision makers with non-commensurable and conﬂicting attributes. In the literature, VIKOR method has been extended to the fuzzy case using type-1 fuzzy sets. Type-2 fuzzy sets let the fuzzy membership functions to be deﬁned for providing us more design degrees of freedom and ﬂexibility. In this paper, we developed an interval type-2 fuzzy VIKOR method including a fuzzy ranking method for interval type-2 fuzzy sets. Interval type-2 fuzzy weights for decision makers’ strategies have also been used in the proposed method. A sensitivity analysis has been applied to see the behavior of our decision with respect to the changing weights of maximum group utility strategies. We showed the applicability of the proposed method through an existent problem in the literature.
Characterization of starter kimchi fermented with Leuconostoc kimchii GJ2 and its cholesterol-lowering effects in rats fed a high-fat and high-cholesterol diet.

BACKGROUND The hypocholesterolemic effects of lactic acid bacteria and kimchi have been demonstrated previously. However, the kimchi fermentation process still relies on naturally present microorganisms. To obtain functional kimchi with consistent quality, we validated the capacity of Leuconostoc kimchii GJ2 as a starter culture to control kimchi fermentation. Moreover, cholesterol-lowering effects of starter kimchi as a health-promoting product were explored. RESULTS Bacteriocin production by Lc. kimchii GJ2 was highly enhanced in the presence of 5% Lactobacillus sakei NJ1 cell fractions. When kimchi was fermented with bacteriocin-enhanced Lc. kimchii GJ2, Lc. kimchii GJ2 became overwhelmingly predominant (98.3%) at the end of fermentation and maintained its dominance (up to 82%) for 84 days. Growing as well as dead cells of Lc. kimchii GJ2 showed high cholesterol assimilation (in vitro). Rats were fed a high-fat and high-cholesterol diet supplemented with starter kimchi. The results showed that feeding of starter kimchi significantly reduced serum total cholesterol, triglyceride and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels. Additionally, atherogenic index, cardiac risk factor and triglyceride and total cholesterol levels in liver and epididymal adipose tissue decreased significantly in rats fed starter kimchi. CONCLUSION Kimchi fermented with Lc. kimchii GJ2 as a starter culture has efficient cholesterol-lowering effects.
Relationship between Czech Parent and Child Pedometer-assessed Weekday and Weekend Physical Activity and Screen Time.

AIM Uncovering the influences of parents' behaviour on their children's physical activity provides an insight into the lifestyle of families and development of effective family-based interventions. The aim of this study was to determine the relationship between parents' behaviour (step count (SC) and screen time (ST)) and children's SC on weekdays and at weekends. METHODS The participants (388 parents aged 35-45 and their 485 children aged 9-12) were randomly recruited from 21 Czech government funded primary schools. The participants recorded SC and ST duration for seven consecutive days (≥ 10 h/day) during April-May and September-October 2013. The associations between parents' behaviour (SC and ST) and children's SC were estimated using general linear regression separately for weekdays and weekends. Each 1,000 SC increase in mothers' (fathers') SC/weekday was associated with an extra 261 SC/day in their daughters and 413 (244) SC/day in their sons. RESULTS Each 1,000 SC increase in mothers' (fathers') SC/weekend day was associated with an extra 523 (386) SC/day in their daughters and 508 (435) SC/day in their sons. A reduction in mothers' ST by 30 minutes per weekend day was associated with an extra 494 SC/day in their daughters and 467 SC/day in their sons. CONCLUSIONS This study reveals a quantifiable relationship between parent-child SC/day and mothers' ST and children's SC at weekends. Weekend days are more suitable for the implementation of family-based interventions.