Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
How Much Would You Pay to Change a Game before Playing It?

Envelope theorems provide a differential framework for determining how much a rational decision maker (DM) is willing to pay to alter the parameters of a strategic scenario. We generalize this framework to the case of a boundedly rational DM and arbitrary solution concepts. We focus on comparing and contrasting the case where DM’s decision to pay to change the parameters is observed by all other players against the case where DM’s decision is private information. We decompose DM’s willingness to pay a given amount into a sum of three factors: (1) the direct effect a parameter change would have on DM’s payoffs in the future strategic scenario, holding strategies of all players constant; (2) the effect due to DM changing its strategy as they react to a change in the game parameters, with the strategies of the other players in that scenario held constant; and (3) the effect there would be due to other players reacting to a the change in the game parameters (could they observe them), with the strategy of DM held constant. We illustrate these results with the quantal response equilibrium and the matching pennies game and discuss how the willingness to pay captures DM’s anticipation of their future irrationality.
DifferentialEquations.jl – A Performant and Feature-Rich Ecosystem for
 Solving Differential Equations in Julia

DifferentialEquations.jl is a package for solving differential equations in Julia. It covers discrete equations (function maps, discrete stochastic (Gillespie/Markov) simulations), ordinary differential equations, stochastic differential equations, algebraic differential equations, delay differential equations, hybrid differential equations, jump diffusions, and (stochastic) partial differential equations. Through extensive use of multiple dispatch, metaprogramming, plot recipes, foreign function interfaces (FFI), and call-overloading, DifferentialEquations.jl offers a unified user interface to solve and analyze various forms of differential equations while not sacrificing features or performance. Many modern features are integrated into the solvers, such as allowing arbitrary user-defined number systems for high-precision and arithmetic with physical units, built-in multithreading and parallelism, and symbolic calculation of Jacobians. Integrated into the package is an algorithm testing and benchmarking suite to both ensure accuracy and serve as an easy way for researchers to develop and distribute their own methods. Together, these features build a highly extendable suite which is feature-rich and highly performant. Funding statement: This work was partially supported by NIH grants P50GM76516 and R01GM107264 and NSF grants DMS1562176 and DMS1161621. This material is based upon work supported by the National Science Foundation Graduate Research Fellowship under Grant No. DGE-1321846, the National Academies of Science, Engineering, and Medicine via the Ford Foundation, and the National Institutes of Health Award T32 EB009418. Its contents are solely the responsibility of the authors and do not necessarily represent the official views of the NIH.
Application du DCA aux Radars de Surveillances Secondaires

– Les Radars de Surveillances Secondaires (SSR) fonctionnent avec deux protocoles de reponses tres differents sur la meme bande de frequence dont l'un date de la seconde guerre mondiale. Nous proposons d'utiliser une antenne a formation de voies pour contrer la densite gran-dissante de reponses SSR. L'Extended Projection Algorithm (EPA) est l'unique algorithme existant permettant de separer un melange de reponses reponses`reponsesa protocoles mixtes, quoique qu'insatisfaisant. Nous demontrons par des simulations et des donnees reelles que le critere de minimisation, le Disjoint Component Analysis (DCA), resoud ceprobi eme de separation mixte.
Cramér-type moderate deviations for statistics in the non-stationary Ornstein–Uhlenbeck process

ABSTRACT In this paper, we study Cramér-type moderate deviations for parameter estimation in the non-stationary Ornstein–Uhlenbeck process. The main methods include the deviation inequalities for multiple Wiener-Itô integrals, as well as the asymptotic analysis techniques. For applications, we propose a test statistic which can be used to construct a rejection region in the hypothesis testing for the drift coefficient. It is shown that the probability of type II error tends to zero exponentially when using the proposed test statistic.
Dual-Polarized Planar Phased Array Antenna With Cavity-Backed Elements

A planar dual-polarized phased array antenna with cavity-backed elements is proposed in this letter. The array antenna is designed based on a dual-polarized patch antenna element with vertical orthogonal baluns. The antenna element is backed by a compact cavity to reduce the interelement mutual coupling and enhance the scanning performance of the planar array. The proposed array achieves a wide fractional bandwidth of over 20% when scanning up to ±45° in the E- and H-planes. The isolation between the two orthogonal ports in the same element is higher than 30 dB. The validity of a design is verified by simulation and measurements of a 10 × 10 array prototype.
Ultrafast Rydberg-state dissociation in oxygen: Identifying the role of multielectron excitations

Author(s): Plunkett, A; Harkema, N; Lucchese, RR; McCurdy, CW; Sandhu, A | Abstract: © 2019 American Physical Society. We investigated the fragmentation dynamics of highly excited states of molecular oxygen using femtosecond transient photoelectron spectroscopy. An extreme ultraviolet (XUV) pulse populates the autoionizing Rydberg series converging to O2+cςu-4, and a femtosecond near-infrared (IR) pulse was used to photoionize these states as they dissociate. Monitoring the differential photoelectron spectra as a function of time delay allowed us to obtain the relaxation lifetimes of these Rydberg states. We observed a photoelectron signal corresponding to the formation of a 4p excited atomic oxygen fragment, which is not an expected dissociation product of the (O2+cςu-4)nlσg Rydberg series. Analysis of the time-dependent photoelectron spectra and photoionization calculations indicate that this fragment results from a previously unexplored (O2+Πg4)4p repulsive state and that, contrary to expectations, this multielectron excitation pathway presents a substantial cross section. Our study demonstrates that two-color time-resolved differential photoelectron spectroscopy is an excellent tool to study the fragmentation dynamics of such multielectron excited states, which are not easily probed by other means.
Maximal (120,8)-arcs in projective planes of order 16 and related designs

The resolutions and maximal sets of compatible resolutions of all 2-(120,8,1) designs arising frommaximal (120,8)-arcs in the known projective planes of order 16 are computed. It is shown that each of these designs is embeddable in a unique way in a projective plane of order 16.
Analisis Implementasi Syntatic Label Matching Similarity Untuk Memeriksa Kemiripan Label Pada Model Proses Bisnis

Similarity checking ini dilakukan untuk mencari tingkat kemiripan dari dua proses bisnis yang dibandingkan. Dalam melakukan pencarian kemiripan proses bisnis memiliki tiga metode yang digunakan, berdasarkan label, perilaku, dan struktural. Pada penelitian ini, dilakukan pengecekan kemiripan proses bisnis berdasarkan label. Pada label similarity ada beberapa teknik yaitu syntatic dan semantic. Penilitian ini berfokus pada syntatic similairity. Pengecekan ini melakukan perhitungan berdasarkan sintaks. Untuk dapat melakukan perhitungan tersebut, maka dapat dilakukan mapping untuk pencarain kata yang mirip pada kedua proses bisnis tersebut. Selanjutnya, untuk melakukan pencarian tingkat kemiripan proses bisnis dapat dilakukan perhitungan label matching similarity. Pemodelan yang dilakukan untuk menggambarkan proses bisnis adalah Business Process Modelling and Notation (BPMN). Hasil perbandingan yang dilakukan dengan metode syntatic label matching similarity menghasilkan nilai perbandingan antara Reklame dan Usaha Bidang Penanaman Modal mendapatkan nilai 98,66%, perbandingan antara Reklame dan Surat Tanda Daftar Perusahaan 80% dan perbandingan Surat Tanda Daftar Perusahaan dan Usaha Bidang Penanaman Modal adalah 72,72%. Kata Kunci : Proses Bisnis, Similarity Checking, Label Similarity, Syntatic Similarity, Label Matching Similairity, BPMN.
Approximation of time fractional Black-Scholes equation via radial kernels and transformations

In the present work, a numerical scheme is constructed for approximation of time fractional Black-Scholes model governing European options. The present numerical scheme has the capability to overcome spurious oscillation in the case of volatility. In the present numerical method, the Laplace transform, radial kernels and quadrature rule are used. The time variable is eliminated by the use of Laplace transform which signi ﬁ cantly reduced the computational cost as compared to the time-marching schemes. The spatial operator is discretized using radial kernels in the local setting which results in sparse differentiation matrices. By Laplace transform the solution is represented as integral along a smooth contour in the complex plane which is then evaluated by quadrature. The proposed numerical scheme is used to price several different European options.
Self‐Weighted Lad‐Based Inference for Heavy‐Tailed Continuous Threshold Autoregressive Models

This note investigates the self‐weighted least absolute deviation estimation (SLADE) of a heavy‐tailed continuous threshold autoregressive (TAR) model. It is shown that the SLADE is strongly consistent and asymptotically normal. The SLADE is global in the sense that the convergence rate is first obtained before deriving its limiting distribution. Moreover, a test for the continuity of TAR model is considered. A sign‐based portmanteau test is developed for diagnostic checking. An empirical example is given to illustrate the usefulness of our method. Combined with the results (Yang and Ling, 2017), a complete asymptotic theory on the SLADE of a heavy‐tailed TAR model is established. This enriches asymptotic theory of statistical inference in threshold models.
Modal Analysis of a Non-rotating Inflated Tire using Experimental and Numerical Methods

A typical automotive wheel transmits noise and vibration from road to the automotive body structure, and considered as an important parameter in automotive NVH performance optimization. Having a reliable and simple finite element model of the wheel structure can significantly reduce time and cost of design. In this paper a finite element model of an automotive wheel structure validated by experimental modal analysis is presented. Validation is conducted via frequency response functions and resonance frequencies. The shift of resonance frequencies in FRF diagram is also studied and discussed for different conditions. FEM model of the tire is also developed consisting of a Neo-Hookean model for the tire and linear elastic model for the rim. Finally the results are analyzed and compared with the FEM model. Comparison between FEM and experimental modal analyses shows an acceptable accuracy (less than 10 % error). The validated model can be used for other Computer Aided Engineering (CAE) analysis purposes to modify the wheel structure in early design phase and reduce cost and time of design.
Design of a compact dense dielectric patch antenna based on half‐cut technique

In this article, a half‐cut rectangular dense dielectric patch (DDP) with one grounded side plane is theoretically investigated for designing a compact low‐profile antenna. According to the properties and the E‐field distribution of the dominant TM101 mode, the half‐wavelength (λ/2) DDP can be bisected by effectively shorting the center plane to the ground, resulting in a miniaturized half‐cut λ/4 DDP. The size of the DDP is effectively reduced by 50% while maintaining the original resonant frequency of the dominant TM101 mode. The half‐cut λ/4 DDP can be well excited through aperture coupling for antenna design. The design procedure of the proposed antenna is given in detail. For demonstration, an antenna prototype centered at 4.15 GHz is implemented and measured. The simulated and measured results are given, showing good agreement.
Comparison of Aboveground Biomass Estimation From InSAR and LiDAR Canopy Height Models in Tropical Forests

The potential of interferometric synthetic aperture radar (InSAR) heights from TanDEM-X for vegetation canopy height and aboveground biomass (AGB) estimation has long been recognized. Penetration of X-band into the canopy affects these estimations. Thus, the canopy height and AGB retrieval from InSAR are typically biased and cannot be compared directly to estimates from other data sources. The objective of this letter was to apply a penetration depth model to compensate for height biases in TanDEM-X InSAR heights. The resulting canopy height estimates are subsequently converted to AGB estimates using regression models. The uncorrected InSAR heights of the forest canopy are biased due to the penetration of the signal into the canopy and differ substantially to light detection and ranging (LiDAR) canopy height estimates. The application of the penetration depth compensation results in unbiased forest canopy height estimates and AGB regression models that are comparable between InSAR and LiDAR. These results indicate that TanDEM-X InSAR and LiDAR technologies can be used to estimate AGB in complex tropical forests suggesting a synergistic use of these fundamentally different observation concepts.
Improving TLB Miss Handling with Page Table Pointer Caches

Page table pointer caches are a hardware supplement for TLBs that cache pointers to pages of page table entries rather than page table entries themselves. A PTPC traps and handles most TLB misses in hardware with low overhead (usually a single memory access). PTPC misses are lled in software, allowing for an easy hardware implementation, similar in structure to a TLB. Since each PTPC entry refers to an entire page of page table entries, even a small PTPC maps a large amount of address space and achieves a very high hit rate. The primary goal of a PTPC is to lower TLB miss handling penalties. The combination of a TLB with a small PTPC provides good performance even in situations where standard TLBs alone perform badly (large workloads or multimedia applications). The advantage of this design is that we can continue to use small xed size pages with standard TLBs. Since PTPCs use traditional page table structures and page sizes, they are very simple to implement in hardware and require minimal operating system modiications. Our simulations show that the addition of a PTPC to a system with a TLB can reduce miss handling costs by nearly an order of magnitude. Small PTPCs are extremely eeective and the combination of small to medium sized TLBs coupled with small PTPCs are an eecient alternative to large TLBs.
Single-phase multiferroics: new materials, phenomena, and physics

Abstract Multiferroics, where multiple ferroic orders coexist and are intimately coupled, promise novel applications in conceptually new devices on one hand, and on the other hand provide fascinating physics that is distinctly different from the physics of high-TC superconductors and colossal magnetoresistance manganites. In this mini-review, we highlight the recent progress of single-phase multiferroics in the exploration of new materials, efficient roadmaps for functionality enhancement, new phenomena beyond magnetoelectric coupling, and underlying novel physics. In the meantime, a slightly more detailed description is given of several multiferroics with ferrimagnetic orders and double-layered perovskite structure and also of recently emerging 2D multiferroics. Some emergent phenomena such as topological vortex domain structure, non-reciprocal response, and hybrid mechanisms for multiferroicity engineering and magnetoelectric coupling in various types of multiferroics will be briefly reviewed.
First demonstration of radiative power exhaust with impurity seeding in the island divertor at Wendelstein 7-X

Radiative power exhaust by impurity seeding was demonstrated for the first time in island divertor configurations at the stellarator Wendelstein 7-X. Feasibility of stable plasma operation was shown during seeding with both neon (Ne) and nitrogen (N2). High radiative power losses (80%) were found to reduce the divertor heat loads globally by 2/3 with both seeding gases injected at a single toroidal location into one of five magnetic islands. Heat flux detachment was achieved for the price of a loss of (%) in the stored energy. Ne seeding allows for sustained enhancement of edge radiation with a very slow decay of line emission of several tens of seconds after the end of the injection indicating a high recycling of this noble gas at the carbon main plasma facing components. In N2 seeded discharges it is shown that a response of line emission and plasma parameters is in correlation to the puff duration which indicates a higher level of absorption of this seeding gas in the wall. Continuous N2 seeding results in global cooling of the scrape-off layer (SOL) and decay of radiation over several seconds after the injection. Damping of counter-streaming SOL flows, and divertor particle fluxes induced by Ne and N2 seeding have been measured and provide evidence for a reduction of the convective part of the divertor heat fluxes. Losses in density in response to seeding can be compensated by feedback controlled divertor fueling. The controlled reduction of heat fluxes within this complex 3D edge island geometry is a very promising finding concerning detachment control in a future all-metal divertor.
Asymmetric Smooth Transition in CDs Spreads: Evidence from Latvia

This paper investigates the predictability of CDS premiums and thus addresses weak form informational efficiency of CDS markets through examining the statistical properties of Latvian CDS spreads in-between 01:2006-08:2017 by concentrating on stationarity issues. The findings for the Augmented Dickey Fuller test fail to reject the presence of unit root indicating that the CDS market is weak form efficient while nonlinear tests of Kapatenios, Snell and Shin, and Sollis claim the opposite, demonstrating a smooth transition in general, and asymmetric smooth transition in particular. Additionally, the results of Perron and Zivot-Andrews tests identify no structural break as well for robustness. These results underline the necessity of accounting for nonlinearities in CDS premiums to grasp the predictability dynamics better.
Entire subsolutions of Monge-Ampère type equations

In this paper, we consider the subsolutions of the Monge-Ampere type equations \begin{document}$ {\det}^{\frac{1}{n}}(D^2u+\alpha I) = f(u) $\end{document} in \begin{document}$ \mathbb{R}^{n} $\end{document} . We obtain the necessary and sufficient condition of the existence of subsolutions.
Descent by 3-isogeny on elliptic curves

Descent by a rational isogeny has shown to be a useful tool in computing the rank of elliptic curves. After outlining the general theory, we recall the well-known theory of descent by 2-isogeny. A relatively new approach is descent by a 3-isogeny. In this thesis, we formulate an algorithm that computes the Selmer group of any rational 3-isogeny. We apply these techniques to a family of elliptic curves that allow both types of descent. We force elements into the Selmer group of the 3-isogeny, while we show by 2-descent that the elliptic curves have rank zero. This yields a construction of elements of order 3 in a Tate-Shafarevich group.
Search for water outgassing of (1) Ceres near perihelion

Context. (1) Ceres is the largest body in the main asteroid belt and one of the most intriguing objects in the solar system, in part because of the discovery of water outgassing by the Herschel Space Observatory (HSO) and its still-debated origin. Ceres was the target of NASA’s Dawn spacecraft for 3.5 yr, which achieved a detailed characterization of the dwarf planet. The possible influence of the local flux of solar energetic particles (SEP) on the production of a Cerean exosphere and water vapor has been suggested, in addition to the sublimation of water ice that depends on the temperature, meaning the heliocentric distance. Aims. We used the opportunity of both the perihelion passage of (1) Ceres in April 2018, and the presence of Dawn in its vicinity (for measuring the SEP flux in real time) to check the influence of heliocentric distance and SEP flux on water outgassing. Methods. We searched for OH emission lines near the limb of Ceres in the near-UV with the UVES spectrograph mounted on the 8-m ESO Very Large Telescope. Two spectra were recorded when Ceres was close to its perihelion, in February 2018, and with Dawn spacecraft orbiting Ceres. It was possible to simultaneously measure energetic particles around Ceres at the time of our observations. Results. Our observations did not permit detection of OH emission lines to a very high sensitivity level. This level is estimated to correspond to a global water production rate of QH2O ∽ 2 × 1026 molecules s−1, similar to the water production rate derived from HSO observations. The solar energetic particles flux measured around Ceres was negligible at the time of these observations. Conclusions. Our observations support the idea that heliocentric distance (i.e., the sublimation of water ice) does not play a major role in the water emission from Ceres. This production rate could be either related to SEP events or to other mechanisms, possibly of endogenic origin.
Chattering-Free Sliding Mode Control for Networked Control System with Time Delay and Packet Dropout Based on a New Compensation Strategy

This paper addresses the sliding mode control problem for a class of networked control systems with long time delay and consecutive packet dropout. A new modeling method is proposed, through which time delay and packet dropout are modeled in a unified model described by one Markov chain. To avoid the chattering problem of classic reaching law, a new chattering-free reaching law is proposed. Then with a focus on the problem that controller-actuator channel network condition cannot be foreseen by the controller, a new compensation strategy is proposed, which can effectively compensate for the effect of time delay and packet dropout in controller-actuator channel. Finally, a simulation example is presented to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed approach.
Face Recognition based Texture Analysis Methods

A unimodal biometric system based Local Binary Pattern (LBP) and Gray Level Co-occurrence Matrix (GLCM) is developed to recognize the facial of 40 subjects. The matching process is implemented using three classifiers: Euclidean distance, Manhattan distance, and Cosine distance. The maximum accuracy (100%) is satisfied when GLCM and LBP are applied with Euclidean distance. The accuracy result of these two methods is advanced the Principle Component Analysis (PCA) and Fourier Descriptors (FDs) recognition rate. The ORL database is considered for constructing the proposed biometric system.