Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Entrepreneurial self-efficacy, institutional environment, and entrepreneurial orientation for SME: A review

This research reviews the role of entrepreneurial self-efficacy and institutional environment in entrepreneurial orientation and development of a successful entrepreneurship-based SME. The aim is to integrate institutional environment, self-efficacy, to address afore mentioned challenges to entrepreneurship-based SME’s development in Nigeria. The review encouraged the role of entrepreneurial self-efficacy and institutional environment in the development of a successful entrepreneurship-based SME. Entrepreneurship is an important engine for sustainable economic development irrespective of the social, economic and geopolitical conditions. However, developing and maintaining an effective entrepreneurship-based small and medium enterprise (SME) is a significant challenge.
A Review of Mycotoxin Types, Occurrence, Toxicity, Detection Methods and Control

Mycotoxins are health hazardous natural toxin produced by various fungal species due to favourable environmental conditions for fungal growth. These are carcinogenic, hepatotoxic and immuno- suppressive substances usually found in food and feed items. Mycotoxins are broadly divided into two major groups on the basis of mycotoxin producing fungi i.e., those fungi which invade in pre-harvest conditions and those which are produced in post-harvest conditions called storage fungi. The conditions which promote mycotoxin growth are high temperatures, moisture levels, poor hygienic conditions and contamination during storage and transportation. Aflatoxins, ochratoxins, citrinin, trichothecene, fumonisins, patulin and zearalenone are prominent mycotoxins in food and feed commodities. This review renders the comprehensive data regarding occurrence of main mycotoxins, their analysis and health hazardous effects on human health alongwith some detoxification protocols.
Contribution of guanine nucleotide exchange factor Vav2 to homocysteine‐induced NLRP3 inflammasome activation in mouse podocytes (1063.6)

NADPH oxidase‐derived reactive oxygen species (ROS) have been demonstrated to mediate the activation of podocyte NLRP3 inflammasomes in response to elevated levels of homocysteine (Hcys). We have also previously provided evidence that the guanine nucleotide exchange factor Vav2 exhibits high specificity to Rac1‐mediated NADPH oxidase activation by elevated Hcys. The precise role of Vav2 in NLRP3 inflammasome activation remains unknown. The present study was designed to test whether Vav2 contributes to Hcys‐induced NLRP3 inflammasome activation through activation of NADPH oxidase. In our experiments, podocytes were transfected with either a scramble, constitutively active form of Vav2 (oncoVav2) or Vav2 shRNA plasmid directly to the nucleus via nucleofection. Confocal microscopic analysis showed Hcys treatment as well as oncoVav2 transfection alone increased colocalization between inflammasome proteins NLRP3 with ASC and NLRP3 with caspase‐1, suggesting NLRP3 inflammasome formation. Additionally, both Hcys treatment as well as oncoVav2 transfection alone resulted in increased caspase‐1 activation and IL‐1β production, signifying NLRP3 inflammasome activation. These Hcys‐induced measures of inflammasome formation and activation were all inhibited by Vav2 shRNA transfection, observed in decreased colocalization of inflammasome components, caspase‐1 activity, and IL‐1β production in podocytes. Furthermore, Vav2 shRNA transfection also prevented podocyte damage by restoring impaired VEGF secretion as well as decreased podocyte marker podocin expression seen in Hcys injured podocytes. Together, these findings suggest that NADPH oxidase activation by Vav2 overexpression by oncoVav2 was sufficient to activate NLRP3 inflammasomes, independent of Hcys treatment. However, Vav2 inhibition was able to inhibit Hcys‐induced NLRP3 inflammasome activation and podocyte injury, further substantiating the role of Vav2 in this mechanism.
Molecular Characterization of Resistance

Abstract : This is an annual report of an IDEA Award to study the molecular mechanisms driving acquired antiestrogen resistance. We have identified several genes associated with resistance to ICI 182,780 (Fulvestrant. Faslodex). Our initial studies have now been published (Cancer Res, 62: 3428-3437, 2002). Functional studies on the role of selected genes are in progress. We also have begun building and testing neural network predictors to separate several antiestrogen resistance phenotypes including antiestrogen sensitive, Tamoxifen resistant/ICI 182,780 sensitive, and TAM/ICI 182,780 crossresistant. We also have completed and published a novel method for collecting and processing human biopsies for gene expression microarray studies (Clin Cancer Res, 8: 1155- 1166, 2002.). This method allows us to collect samples from patients for future studies of the molecular profiling of antiestrogen responsiveness in patients. Our new algorithm for normalizing gene expression microarray data also has been published in the informatics literature (IEEE Trans Inf Technol Biomed, 6: 29-37, 2002).
Manipulating the Mouse Genome: New Approaches for the Dissection of Mouse Development

In mammals the molecular events that guide pattern formation during embryonic development have been difficult to characterize, partly because of difficulty in observing the development after implantation and in relating the phenotype of a dysmorphic mutation with a specific gene in which the mutation occurs. However, recent advances in the recombinant DNA technique and in manipulation techniques in mouse embryos have made it possible to clone genes involved in the process of development of mice. In addition, advances in human gene mapping and cloning have facilitated studies on mouse development. Thus, mice are now useful in research on developmental biology.
A review of the subgenus Hemioptica Roger of the genus Polyrhachis Fr. Smith with description of a new species (Hymenoptera: Formicidae: Formicinae)

The genus-group taxon Hemioptica Roger is reviewed and treated as a subgenus of Polyrhachis Fr. Smith. Three species are recognised: P. bugnioni Forel, P. scissa (Roger), and P. boltoni spec. nov. Previously included taxa P. abrupta Mayr, P. aculeata Mayr and P. pubescens Mayr are transferred to the subgenus Polyrhachis (Myrma) Billberg. A key to species of Hemioptica is provided; distribution ranges of individual species are given and known ecological data summarised. A lectotype is designated for P. scissa (Roger).
Performance of Soft Rice (Oryza sativa L.) Grown in Early Season in China

Eating quality is of paramount importance to rice (Oryza sativa L.) consumers and soft rice with low amylose content has become popular in China. This study was conducted to evaluate the performance of soft rice grown in the early season (ES) dominated by non-soft rice. Field experiments were conducted in Yongan and Santang, Hunan Province, China from 2016-2018. Results showed that grain amylose content in soft rice cultivars was consistently lower in the ES compared to the late season (LS). The lower grain amylose content in the ES compared to the LS was partly attributed to higher average daily mean temperature during grain filling. No significant relationship was observed between grain yield and seed amylose content in ES rice. Soft rice cultivars produced a similar average grain yield to non-soft rice cultivars in the ES. These results encourage breeders to develop more ES rice cultivars with soft texture to meet the consumer demand for this type of rice.
Effects of In-Ovo Injection of D3 Vitamin on Hatchability and Supply Organ Weights in Quail Hatching Eggs

Bu calismanin amaci, kuluckanin 11. ve 14. gunlerinde in-ovo D3 vitamini enjeksiyonunun cikis gucu, embriyonik olumleri, civciv agirligi, kemik uzunlugu ve agirligi ve organ agirliklari uzerine etkilerini arastirmaktir. Calismada toplam 480 kuluckalik bildircin yumurtasi kullanilmistir. Yumurtalar her bir grupta 160 adet (40 adet/alt grup) kuluckalik yumurta olacak sekilde uc gruba rastgele dagitilmistir. Kuluckanin 11 ve 14. gunlerinde yumurtanin kut ucundan amniyotik sivi icerisine test materyali enjekte edilmistir. Birinci grup enjeksiyon yapilmayan (kontrol grubu) digeri ise kuluckanin 11. ve 14. gunlerinde 0.2 ml Vit D3 (333 IU) enjekte edilen grup olarak duzenlenmistir. Kuluckanin 11. ve 14. gunlerinde D3 vitaminin in-ovo enjeksiyonunun kulucka cikis gucunu dusurdugu ve embriyonik olumleri artirdigi gorulmustur (P <0.05). Bununla beraber, gruplar arasinda organ agirliklari, kemik agirligi ve kemik uzunlugunda onemli bir fark olmadigi tespit edilmistir. Sonuc olarak bu calismada kuluckanin 11. ve 14. gunlerinde in-ovo D3 vitamini enjeksiyonu kulucka randimanini dusurdugu embriyonik olumleri arttirdigi fakat kemik agirlik, uzunlugu ve organ agirligini etkilemedigi gorulmustur.
Postimplantation Mammalian Embryos: A Practical Approach

D.L. Cockroft: Dissection and culture of postimplantation embryos K. Muneoka, C. Trevino, N. Wanek, & S.V. Bryant: Exo Utero surgery V.E. Papaioannou: In Utero manipulations M.H. Kaufman: Morphological stages of postimplantation embryonic development N.A. Brown: Routine assessment of morphology and growth: scoring systems and measurements of size M. Stanisstreet: Scanning electron microscopy and morphometry M.M. Martins-Green: Transmission electron microscopy and immunolabelling for light and electron microscopy D.G. Wilkinson, & J. Green: In Situ hybridization and the three-dimensional reconstruction of serial sections J.P. Estibeiro, A.J. Copp, D.L. Cockroft, N.A. Brown, & D.O. Clarke: Extraction of macromolecules from embryonic material M.F. W. Festing: Choice of an experimental animal and rodent genetics C.E. Steele, & G.P. Copping: Teratogen testing P.E. Mirkes, & A.G. Fantel: Maternal influences on development S.J. Freeman: Functions of extraembryonic membranes R.S. P. Beddington, & K.A. Lawson: Clonal analysis of cell lineages A.J. Copp: Studying developmental mechanisms in intact embryos P.P.L. Tam: Studying developmental in embryo fragments
Recensement de Calliphora vicina R.-D., Calliphora vomitoria L. et de Cynomya mortuorum L. (Diptères : Calliphoridae) dans les collections entomologiques des étudiants de Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech sur la période 1995-2009.

Durant la periode 1995-2009, les etudiants de Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech (Universite de Liege) ont capture des Calliphoridae et plus precisement la sous-famille des Calliphorinae. Celle-ci comporte 9 genres dont les Calliphora et les Cynomya. L’entomofaune belge comprend trois especes: Calliphora vicina Robineau-Desvoidy 1830, Calliphora vomitoria Linne 1758 et Cynomyamortuorum Linne 1761. L’espece de Calliphorinae la plus representee parmi les collections d’etudiants est C. vicina.
Investigating the elastic behavior of carbon nanocone reinforced nanocomposites

This paper deals with the evaluation of the effective mechanical properties of carbon nanocone centered composites using a 3D nanoscale representative volume element based on continuum mechanics. For extracting the effective material constants, the authors have taken the basis of theories of elasticity. The results constituting the effective Young's modulus of the composite and Poisson's ratio for different parameters stated above have been presented and validated with rule of mixtures. It can be clearly visualized from the results that the load-carrying capacities of carbon nanocones in the representative volume elements are quite significant and the same has been demonstrated with subsequent cases. Simulation-based modeling can show a considerable part in the improvement of carbon nanocone-based composites by providing results that help in appreciative of the performance of composites. Moreover, for a volume fraction of the CNC as 2.33% in a cylindrical representative volume element and a 19.2° apex angle of the cone, the stiffness of the composite can increase as many as 4.9 times of the matrix. Similarly for hexagonal and square, the increase is in terms of 4.3 and 3.01 times respectively. Cylindrical representative volume element is the best as it provides the maximum reinforcement in terms of effective Young's modulus of the composite. Carbon nanocone-based composites provide results that help in understanding the elastic behavior of composites.
Population genetics, molecular evolution, and the neutral theory : selected papers

"Stepping stone" model of population process leading to quasi-fixation of genes in natural populations due to random fluctuation of selection intensities solution of a process of random genetic drift with a continuous model stochastic processes and distribution of gene frequencies under natural selection a model of a genetic system which leads to closer linkage by natural selection some problems of stochastic processes in genetics on the change of population fitness by natural selection.
New Genome a Boost to Plant Studies

MICROBIAL GENOMESMolecular biologists have bared the soul of one of nature's best genetic engineers. On pages [2317][1] and [2323][2], two teams describe the genome sequence of Agrobacterium tumefaciens , a soil microbe whose ability to transfer DNA into plant cells has transformed plant and crop science. [1]: http://www.sciencemag. org/cgi/content/short/294/5550/2317 [2]: http://www.sciencemag. org/cgi/content/short/294/5550/2323
Difficulties experienced by nursing professionals in patient care in palliative care / Dificuldades vivenciadas pelos profissionais de enfermagem na assistência ao paciente em cuidados paliativos / Dificultades vivenciadas por los profesionales de enfermería en la asistencia al paciente..

Objetivo: conhecer as dificuldades vivenciadas pelos profissionais de enfermagem na assistência ao paciente em cuidados paliativos. Metodologia: trata-se de uma revisão integrativa. A coleta de dados foi realizada nas bases Lilacs e Scielo, a partir dos descritores: cuidados paliativos, cuidados de enfermagem, equipe de enfermagem e doente terminal. Os critérios de inclusão neste estudo foram os artigos que respondam a questão norteadora, publicados em português, de publicações entre 2008 a 2018. Resultados: os principais achados desta revisão integrativa foram: a formação profissional, a estrutura limitada de recursos humanos, os desafios para assistir à família, situações estressantes, e as dificuldades para implementar os cuidados paliativos. Conclusão: esta pesquisa de revisão integrativa possibilitou uma reflexão sobre as dificuldades enfrentadas pela equipe de enfermagem ao exercer assistência aos pacientes em cuidados paliativos, e evidenciou a necessidade de mudança no currículo de enfermagem com o objetivo de abranger o tema cuidado paliativo, para melhorar a assistência ao paciente e sua família. Descritores: Cuidados paliativos. Cuidados de enfermagem. Equipe de enfermagem. Doente terminal.
Is it time to include legumes in plant silicon research?

1. To date, the functional role of plant silicon has mostly been investigated in grasses (Poaceae). This potentially overlooks the importance of silicon in other plant func tional groups such as legumes (Fabaceae). Legumes form a symbiotic relationship with nitrogen-fixing bacteria (rhizobia) inside the root nodules for fixing atmos pheric nitrogen. A small, but growing number of studies suggest that silicon pro motes this symbiotic relationship. 2. We consider how legumes may take up and deposit silicon relative to what is known about these processes in grasses. We synthesize information about how silicon af fects legume growth and function in the context of environmental stresses and the legume–rhizobia symbiosis. 3. The available literature indicates that silicon is broadly beneficial to legumes, alle viating the effects of stresses including metal toxicity, salinity, alkalinity and path -ogens. Crucially, there is also evidence that silicon promotes the legume–rhizobia interaction including increased root nodulation, numbers of bacteroids and nitro gen fixation across several legume allowing them Subsequently, further this stage, start to transform themselves Finally, mature are and exchange occurs via Simultaneously, silicon might interfere may cause several structural Taken we these downstream consequences may result
Hydrographical observations during a red tide with fish mortalities at Masirah Island, Oman.

Harmful Algal Blooms (HABs) can have a significant impact on the distribution and survival of coastal fishes and invertebrates, and consequently they can affect local economies where fishing is an important activity. In October 2005, extensive algal blooms with brownish/orange discoloured water and fish mortalities were observed east of Masirah Island. Satellite images revealed cooler upwelled surface water along a broad front just prior to the event, followed by a gradual warming period coinciding with the mortalities. Depth profiles of dissolved oxygen (DO), temperature, salinity and pH taken on 19th October (during the fish mortality event) showed a pronounced thermocline at ~15 m depth and minimum DO of 0.82 ml/L at 25 m depth, and a slight improvement in DO to 1.3 ml/L was measured on 22nd October (after the event). Demersal fishes of several families were prominent among mortalities. No bacterial infestation was found in fish samples and no human poisoning was reported. Planktological data showed that marine dinoflagellates Noctiluca scintillans and Prorocentrum micans and toxic blooms of cyanobacterium Trichodesmium erythraeum were present.
The Short-Tailed Fruit Bat: A Study in Plant-Animal Interactions

As dusk settles over the Costa Rican forest, the short-tailed fruit bat, "Carollia perspicillata," stirs from its cave roost. Flying out to search for ripe fruit, "Carollia" returns to a night roost in the forest vegetation to eat. After a few such flights "Carollia" rests, and the fruits pass through its short digestive tract. The seeds are excreted onto the ground, to be eaten in turn by mice and insects, but a few are pushed into crevices where they await the necessary conditions for germination. In "The Short-tailed Fruit Bat," Theodore Fleming examines "Carollia"'s role in the ecology of tropical forests. Based on more than ten years' research, this study provides the most detailed ecological and evolutionary account to date of the life history of a Neotropical mammal and includes striking photographs of the bats in flight.
Microsatellite Markers and Assessment of Marker Utility

Microsatellites consist of multiple copies of tandemly arranged simple sequence repeats (SSR) that range in size from 1–6 base pairs (bp) (e.g., AC, CCA, or GATA) (Tautz 1989). Based on the repeat composition, microsatellites are often classified into mononucleotide microsatellites, dinucleotide microsatellites, trinucleotide microsatellites, tetranucleotide microsatellites, and so on. Microsatellites containing only one type of repeats are called simple microsatellites; microsatellites containing more than one type of repeats are called composite microsatellites. For instance, (CA)15 is a simple microsatellite, but (CA)8(CG)12 is a composite microsatellite. The advantages of microsatellites as molecular markers include its abundance in genomes, even distribution, small locus size facilitating polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-based genotyping, codominant nature of Mendelian inheritance, and high levels of polymorphism.
11 Translation Termination: It’s Not the End of the Story

The protein synthesis apparatus must carry out translation initiation, elongation, and termination to synthesize a complete protein product. Each step of this process has evolved to occur with great accuracy and can be utilized to regulate gene expression. Until relatively recently, however, translation termination was the least investigated and understood aspect of the translation process. Recent results, however, suggest that translation termination also can be used to modulate gene expression. The fact that sequences in the 3′-untranslated regions (3′UTRs) of mRNAs bind to RNA-binding proteins and can dramatically affect the translation initiation process suggests that steps which occur at translation termination may strongly affect subsequent events in the translation process. It is conceivable that translation termination may be involved in determining whether ribosomes reinitiate at the translation start site of the same transcript for subsequent rounds of translation. In recent years, there has been a significant advancement in our knowledge of the translation termination process. The goal of this short review is to describe the state of knowledge concerning the mechanism of translation termination. Results from studies using both prokaryotic and eukaryotic systems are discussed. In particular, we attempt to address the potential role of the translation termination process in the regulation of gene expression. In addition, we discuss the modulation of the termination process as a potential target to treat diseases that arise as a consequence of mutations that prematurely terminate translation. GENERAL PRINCIPLES OF TRANSLATION TERMINATION Nearly 40 years ago, Crick and colleagues deduced the “general nature of.
ESTUDIO EPIDEMIOLÓGICO DEL CONEJO SILVESTRE Sylvilagus brasiliensis EN EL PARQUE NACIONAL NATURAL LOS NEVADOS

This epidemiologic study was carried out with the goal of identifying ethiological agents responsible of current diseases in Sylvilagus brasiliensis wild rabbit populations in "Los Nevados" Natural National Park. With a conservation medicine focus under the concept of "Ecologic Disease Triad" and through a "Factorial Analysis of Multiple Correspondences and the SPAD-WIN software the current relationship between symptoms and wounds observed was determined and analyzed. Ethiological agents were identified through histopathology, microbiology and parasitology tests, taking into account special environmental conditions that help the spread of epidemic break outs in this specie. The wild rabbits of this sample act as intermediate hostesses of Taenias sp. and Echinococcus sp. which cause massive infestations in epidemic dimension. Fester dermatitis was detected, which was caused by ectoparasites and bacteria such as Staphylococcus aureus, as well as pulmonary infections. These phenomena cause density and spatial movement changes in this specie. The nutritional state directly influenced the frequency and form of the illnesses. The type of interaction among the hostess, agent and environment alter the diseases' manifestation that affect these rabbit populations in the studied areas.
Symposium: Origins of Arthropod Fauna of the Southeastern United States: Insect Endemism in the Interior Highlands of North America

Sixty-eight species of insects are considered endemic to the Interior Highlands of North America. The area encompassed by these species consists of the Ozark, Ouachita, Arbuckle, and Wichita Mountains of Illinois, Missouri, Arkansas, and Oklahoma. County maps are given for each species as well as maps showing the distribution of close relatives, where available. The hypothesis that all endemism in the Interior Highlands is the result of events associated with Pleistocene glaciation is questioned because the area has been an above water land mass since the Pennsylvanian era. Based on taxon/area cladograms of sixteen of the species, a biogeographic pattern is suggested. It is further suggested that only two vicariant events were necessary to account for the origin of the species represented in the taxon/area cladograms. The times at which these events may have occurred is uncertain. The first event may have been in the early cretaceous when the Interior Highlands was an isolated island surrounded by epicontinental seas.