Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Fluctuations in Hawaii’s humpback whale Megaptera novaeangliae population inferred from male song chorusing off Maui

Approximately half of the North Pacific humpback whale Megaptera novaeangliae stock visits the shallow waters of the main Hawaiian Islands seasonally. Within this breeding area, mature males produce an elaborate acoustic display known as song, which becomes the dominant source of ambient underwater sound between December and April. Following reports of unusually low whale numbers that began in 2015/16, we examined song chorusing recorded through long-term passive acoustic monitoring at 6 sites off Maui as a proxy for relative whale abundance between 2014 and 2019. Daily root-mean-square sound pressure levels (RMS SPLs) were calculated to compare variations in low-frequency acoustic energy (0-1.5 kHz). After 2014/15, the overall RMS SPLs decreased between 5.6 and 9.7 dB re 1 µPa2 during the peak of whale season (February and March), reducing ambient acoustic energy from chorusing by over 50%. This change in song levels co-occurred with a broad-scale oceanic heat wave in the northeast Pacific termed the ‘Blob,’ a major El Niño event in the North Pacific, and a warming period in the Pacific Decadal Oscillation cycle. Although it remains unclear whether our observations reflect a decrease in population size, a change in migration patterns, a shift in distribution to other areas, a change in the behavior of males, or some combination of these, our results indicate that continued monitoring and further studies of humpback whales throughout the North Pacific are warranted to better understand the fluctuations occurring in this recently recovered population and other populations that continue to be endangered or threatened.
The Influence of Emerging Adulthood on the Risky and Dangerous Behaviors of LGBT Populations

During emerging adulthood, traditional social bonds and turning points may be delayed, not present, or may not work in the same manner as they had for prior generations, leading many to engage in risky and dangerous behaviors. Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual and Transgendered emerging adults may be at particular risk for engaging in risky and dangerous behavior during emerging adulthood due to the lack of social bonds, reaching of turning points, as well as the historic stigmatization of these populations. Focusing on LGBT populations in the United States, the influence of emerging adulthood on risky and dangerous behaviors is presented; a theoretical examination of the relationship between LGBT populations and risky and dangerous behaviors is provided; the influence of emerging adulthood on LGBT populations is explored; research on the role of emerging adulthoods influence on the risky and dangerous behaviors of LGBT populations is presented; and theoretical and policy implications are offered.
Providing clear pruning threshold: A novel CNN pruning method via L0 regularisation

Network pruning is a signiﬁcant way to improve the practicability of convolution neural networks (CNNs) by removing the redundant structure of the network model. However, in most of the existing network pruning methods l 1 or l 2 regularisation is applied to parameter matrices and the manual selection of pruning threshold is difﬁcult and labor-intensive. A novel CNNs network pruning method via l 0 regularisation is proposed, which adopts l 0 regularisation to expand the saliency gap between neurons. A half-quadratic splitting (HQS) based iterative algorithm is put forward to calculate the approximation solution of l 0 regularisation, which makes the joint optimisation problem of regularisation term and training loss function can be solved by various gradient-based algorithms. Meanwhile, a hyperparameters selection method is designed to make most of the hyperparameters in the algorithm can be determined by examining the pre-trained model. The results of experiments on MNIST, Fashion-MNIST and CIFAR100 show that the proposed method can provide a much clearer pruning threshold by widening the saliency gap, and achieve a similar or even better compression performance, compared with the state-of-the-art studies.
MoveBox: Democratizing MoCap for the Microsoft Rocketbox Avatar Library

This paper presents MoveBox an open sourced toolbox for animating motion captured (MoCap) movements onto the Microsoft Rocketbox library of avatars. Motion capture is performed using a single depth sensor, such as Azure Kinect or Windows Kinect V2. Motion capture is performed in real-time using a single depth sensor, such as Azure Kinect or Windows Kinect V2, or extracted from existing RGB videos offline leveraging deep-learning computer vision techniques. Our toolbox enables real-time animation of the user’s avatar by converting the transformations between systems that have different joints and hierarchies. Additional features of the toolbox include recording, playback and looping animations, as well as basic audio lip sync, blinking and resizing of avatars as well as finger and hand animations. Our main contribution is both in the creation of this open source tool as well as the validation on different devices and discussion of MoveBox’s capabilities by end users.
Evaluating the Quality of Online Health Information about Prostate Cancer Treatment.

INTRODUCTION Prostate cancer is the second most common cancer in men. It is common for patients to search the Internet before and after urological consultation to better understand their diagnoses. Unfortunately, online health information is largely unregulated and may be difficult for patients to comprehend. This study aims to evaluate the readability and quality of websites describing prostate cancer treatments. METHODS Three search engines were used to search the terms "prostate cancer" and "prostate cancer treatments" to replicate a patient seeking self-education about prostate cancer; 40 websites were identified. After excluding websites with membership fees and publicly editable content, 26 websites were analyzed; 7 were marked as advertisements. Three readability formulas (Flesch-Kincaid Grade Level, Flesch-Kincaid Reading Ease, Simple Measure of Gobbledygook) were used to generate readability scores. The DISCERN standardized questionnaire was used to evaluate website quality. RESULTS Compared to readability scores at the American Medical Association recommended seventh grade reading level, mean readability scores for the websites analyzed were significantly higher and translated to the tenth to eleventh grade reading level. The mean DISCERN score for all websites was 47, equating to "Fair" quality. Nonadvertisement websites had significantly higher scores than websites marked as advertisements, with nonadvertisements rated "Good" quality and advertisements rated "Poor" quality. CONCLUSIONS Most websites about prostate cancer treatment are written at a reading level too advanced for a large proportion of Americans to understand. Some optimally positioned websites are advertisements that contain poor quality information. It is the responsibility of clinicians to guide their patients toward appropriate online resources.
The Search for Pleasure and Meaning on TV, Captured In-App: Eudaimonia and Hedonism Effects on TV Consumption as Self-Reported via Mobile App

ABSTRACT The present study investigates the effects of eudaimonia and hedonism on genre preferences by connecting eudaimonia and hedonism survey measures to individuals’ self-reported TV-show viewing data over time in the mobile app TV Time. Regression models suggest that higher eudaimonia leads to more viewing of mystery, mini-series, thriller, and drama, but less viewing of family, adventure, and action shows. Higher hedonism leads to more viewing of family, romance, action, and comedy programs, but less viewing of mystery, sci-fi, mini-series, suspense, horror, crime, thriller, and drama shows. Models including hedonism and eudaimonia generally, although not always, fit the data better than demographics-only models.
Psychological contract breach and innovative work behaviour: Systematic literature review

Background: Innovative work behaviour (IWB) is central to organisational success and occurs despite psychological contract breaches (PCBs), which are the norm, rather than the exception. Aim: The aim of the article is to present a comprehensive review of the conceptualisation of IWB and PCB, specifying the manner in which the concepts are defined and assessed. Consistency in conceptualisation and the standardisation of measurement should contribute to the development of the unified body of knowledge. Setting: The ways concepts are defined and assessed differ across studies, which challenges researchers and managers as no standard definitions or measurement techniques are available. Methods: A systematic literature review methodology was followed to gather data, which were analysed by focusing on broad adoption, theoretical coherency and, in the case of measurement, psychometric properties. Results: In total 14 articles were retrieved that measured the PCB-IWB link. Psychological contract breach is most often defined and measured in terms of Robinson and Morrison’s (2000) and Robinson and Rousseau’s (1994) conceptualisations, whilst Janssen’s (2000) framework is applied to IWB. Reliability information is reported for these measures. Conclusion: Whilst many definitions and measures of the constructs are used, some are theoretically more comprehensive and some are applied more than others, and these are now stipulated. Managers, consultants and researchers are now empowered to enter the academic debate on the PCB-IWB link and to test substantial and complementary hypotheses that will contribute meaningfully to the existing body of knowledge.
Observations of Nearbed Turbulence over Mobile Bedforms in Combined, Collinear Wave-Current Flows

Collinear wave-current shear interactions are often assumed to be the same for currents following or opposing the direction of regular wave propagation; with momentum and mass exchanges restricted to the thin oscillating boundary layer (zero-flux condition) and enhanced but equal wave-averaged bed shear stresses. To examine these assumptions, a prototype-scale experiment investigated the nature of turbulent exchanges in flows with currents aligned to, and opposing, wave propagation over a mobile sandy bed. Estimated mean and maximum stresses from measurements above the bed exceeded predictions by models of bed shear stress subscribing to the assumptions above, suggesting the combined boundary layer is larger than predicted by theory. The core flow experiences upward turbulent fluxes in aligned flows, coupled with sediment entrainment by vortex shedding at flow reversal, whilst downward fluxes of eddies generated by the core flow, and strong adverse shear can enhance near-bed mass transport, in opposing currents. Current-aligned coherent structures contribute significantly to the stress and energy dissipation, and display characteristics of wall-attached eddies formed by the pairing of counter-rotating vortices. These preliminary findings suggest a notable difference in wave-following and wave-opposing wave-current interactions, and highlight the need to account for intermittent momentum-exchanges in predicting stress, boundary layer thickness and sediment transport.
van der Waals binding energies and intermolecular vibrations of carbazole⋅R (R=Ne, Ar, Kr, Xe)

Mass‐selective ground‐state vibrational spectra of jet‐cooled carbazole⋅R (R=Ne, Ar, Kr, and Xe) van der Waals complexes were obtained by populating ground‐state intra‐ and intermolecular levels via stimulated emission pumping, followed by time delayed resonant two‐photon ionization of the vibrationally hot complex. By tuning the dump laser frequency, S0 state vibrational modes were accessed from ≊200 cm−1 up to the dissociation energy D0. Upon dumping to ground‐state levels above D0, efficient vibrational predissociation of the complexes occurred, allowing us to determine the S0 state van der Waals binding energies very accurately. The D0(S0) values are <214.5±0.5 cm−1 (R=Ne), 530.4±1.5 cm−1 (R=Ar), 687.9±4.0 cm−1 (R=Kr), and 890.8±1.6 cm−1 (R=Xe). In the S1 state, the corresponding binding energies are larger by 9% to 12%, being <222.9±1.0 cm−1, 576.3±1.6 cm−1, 756.4±4.5 cm−1, and 995.8±2.5 cm−1, respectively.
Humpback whale (Megaptera novaeangliae) social call production reflects both motivational state and arousal

ABSTRACT In many terrestrial species, there is a relationship between the acoustic features of vocal signals and the underlying motivational state and arousal level of the signaller. This information may be particularly important during complex social interactions, which are common in species where males compete for access to females during the breeding season. However, research into how information on motivation and arousal is used in marine mammals during these interactions is limited. Here, we examined changes in the calling behaviour of humpback whale (Megaptera novaeangliae) female-calf groups with the addition of escorts to investigate if and how potential information on motivation and arousal is encoded within their non-song vocal signals. Female-calf pairs had low overall call rates and used primarily single calls. However, the addition of one or more escorts to the group resulted in a significant increase in individual call rates, the use of long bouts of calls, and a more variable vocal repertoire. These results indicate that humpback whales convey both motivation and arousal by modifying various features of call production, as well as using specific call types, which contributes to our growing understanding of their complex communication system.
THE ROLE OF PARTNERSHIP IN PRODUCTION TOWARDS PERFORMANCE OF INDONESIA'S MICRO AND SMALL ENTERPRISES

A partnership can increase production capability due to the financial limitations of Micro and Small Enterprises (MSEs). Based on Indonesia’s Micro and Small Industry Profile 2018, partnerships in raw materials, machinery, facilities, infrastructure, and equipment as a partnership in production are the most widely implemented types of partnerships. However, research on partnerships in production is still very limited although it has been practically proven that partnerships in production can improve the performance of MSEs. The study aims to examine the role of partnership in production towards the performance of MSEs theoretically and propose recommendations for MSEs to improve their performance. The contribution of this study is the developed model of MSE’s performance in Indonesia which considers a partnership in production as a moderating variable. Also, consider process innovation and demand optimization as independent variables. This study uses the data of Micro and Small Industry Survey 2015 and examine the hypothesis using regression analysis. This study found there is a significant positive effect of interaction between demand optimization and partnership but a significant negative effect between a process innovation and partnership towards performance. The negative effect may occur temporally because there is time to adopt new production skills or techniques.
Investigating land surface deformation using InSAR and GIS techniques in Cluj–Napoca city’s most affected sector by urban sprawl (Romania)

The last three decades have marked an unprecedented urban expansion of the city of Cluj-Napoca, leading to strong anthropogenic influences on the natural environment and important changes in the land-use. Due to the specific morphology of Cluj area, characterized by limited available plane surfaces which are insufficient to support the urban expansion, more and more territories with slopes between 5°-26° are used for constructions. These areas are marked by high risks of mass movements due to their specific geological and geomorphological characteristics, therefore the present study proposes a more detailed and complex GIS and remote sensing analysis of the western urban part of Cluj-Napoca, in order to highlight the main changes of the city and the consequences of the human actions. One of the most used radar interferometry (InSAR) technique was applied in order to detect land deformations that can threaten the infrastructure and the population. Sentinel-1B SAR imagery were processed by the DInSAR methodology, resulting in a land deformation map, which represents an important support in generating the vulnerability assessment. Based upon this evaluation, we concluded that the most vulnerable neighbourhoods to land deformations from the western part of the city are the peripheral ones, as following: Dâmbul Rotund, Bună Ziua, Europa, Mănăștur, West Iris and Făget, proving that human activity and the geological setting are the main triggering factors of the discussed phenomenon.
Classificação de Janelas de Eletroencefalogramas com e sem Crises Epilépticas

Epilepsy is a chronic neurological disease that increases an individual’s predisposition to recurrent seizures. In aggressive cases, seizures can lead to injury, trauma or even sudden death. People suffering from epilepsy can live free from seizures since they have been diagnosed receiving adequate treatment. Therefore, methodologies that simplify and streamline the diagnosis and treatment of these individuals are valid and necessary. The objective of this work is the development of a new model of classification of electroencephalogram (EEG) windows with or without epileptic seizures. This methodology is based on the calculation of metrics that depend on the second, third and fourth order statistical moments. There were two stages of classification. The first with the feature vectors obtained and the second with the rotation of the same vectors, using principal component analysis (PCA). 1 second windows were extracted from the CHB-MIT (Children’s Hospital Boston) databases. The proposed classification model obtained for the feature vectors and for the components from PCA, accuracy of 86.4 % and 94.6 %, respectively. It was believed that with appropriate adaptations and improvements, the model can be embedded in a device, for classification of windows in real time. Resumo: A epilepsia é uma doença neurológica crônica, que aumenta a predisposição de um individuo sofrer convulsões recorrentes. Em casos mais agressivos as crises podem promover lesões, traumatismos ou mesmo morte súbita. Pessoas que sofrem de epilepsia poderiam viver livres de convulsões, desde que fossem diagnosticadas previamente ou recebessem um tratamento adequado. Portanto, metodologias que simplifiquem e agilizem o diagnóstico e o tratamento destes indiv́ıduos são válidas e necessárias. Esse trabalho tem por objetivo a apresentação de uma metodologia de identificação de janelas de eletroencefalogramas (EEG’s) com presença ou ausência de crises epilépticas. Essa metodologia é baseada no cálculo de métricas que dependem dos momentos estat́ısticos de segunda, terceira e quarta ordem. Foram realizadas duas etapas de classificação. A primeira com os vetores de caracteŕısticas obtidos a partir dos momentos estat́ısticos, a segunda com a rotação dos mesmo vetores, utilizando a análise de componentes principais (PCA). Foram extráıdas janelas de 1 segundo de arquivos da base de dados CHB-MIT (Children’s Hospital Boston). O modelo de classificação proposto obteve para os vetores de caracteŕısticas e para as componentes oriundas do PCA, acurácia de 86.4% e 94.6%, respectivamente. Acreditasse que com devidas adaptações melhorias o modelo pode ser embarcado em um dispositivo, para classificação de janelas em tempo real.
Aerial Physical Interaction in Grabbing Conditions with Lightweight and Compliant Dual Arms

This paper considers the problem of performing bimanual aerial manipulation tasks in grabbing conditions, with one of the arms grabbed to a fixed point (grabbing arm) while the other conducts the task (operation arm). The goal was to evaluate the positioning accuracy of the aerial platform and the end effector when the grabbing arm is used as position sensor, as well as to analyze the behavior of the robot during the aerial physical interaction on flight. The paper proposed a control scheme that exploits the information provided by the joint sensors of the grabbing arm for estimating the relative position of the aerial platform w.r. t. (with respect to) the grabbing point. A deflection-based Cartesian impedance control was designed for the compliant arm, allowing the generation of forces that help the aerial platform to maintain the reference position when it is disturbed due to external forces. The proposed methods were validated in an indoor testbed with a lightweight and compliant dual arm aerial manipulation robot.
Silencing PCBP2 normalizes desmoplastic stroma and improves the antitumor activity of chemotherapy in pancreatic cancer

Rationale: Dense desmoplastic stroma is a fundamental characteristic of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) and comprises up to 80% of the tumor mass. Type I collagen is the major component of the extracellular matrix (ECM), which acts as a barrier to impede the delivery of drugs into the tumor microenvironment. While the strategy to deplete PDAC stroma has failed in clinical trials, normalization of the stroma to allow chemotherapy to kill the tumor cells in the “nest” could be a promising strategy for PDAC therapy. We hypothesize that silencing the poly(rC)-binding protein 2 (αCP2, encoded by the PCBP2 gene) leads to the destabilization and normalization of type I collagen in the PDAC stroma. Methods: We develop a micro-flow mixing method to fabricate a peptide-based core-stabilized PCBP2 siRNA nanocomplex to reverse the accumulation of type I collagen in PDAC tumor stroma. Various in vitro studies were performed to evaluate the silencing activity, cellular uptake, serum stability, and tumor penetration of the PCBP2 siRNA nanocomplex. We also investigated the penetration of small molecules in stroma-rich pancreatic cancer spheroids after the treatment with the PCBP2 siRNA nanocomplex. The anti-tumor activity of the PCBP2 siRNA nanocomplex and its combination with gemcitabine was evaluated in an orthotopic stroma-rich pancreatic cancer mouse model. Results: Silencing the PCBP2 gene using siRNA reverses the accumulation of type I collagen in human pancreatic stellate cells (PSCs) and mouse NIH 3T3 fibroblast cells. The siRNA nanocomplex significantly reduces ECM production and enhances drug penetration through desmoplastic tumor stroma. The combination of gemcitabine with the PCBP2 siRNA nanocomplex markedly suppresses the tumor progression in a desmoplastic PDAC orthotopic mouse model. Conclusion: This approach provides a new therapeutic avenue to improve the antitumor efficacy of PDAC therapies by normalizing tumor stroma using the PCBP2 siRNA nanocomplex.
The mechanisms of pyrrole electropolymerization

Over the past twenty years, polypyrrole has appeared as the most extensively studied conducting polymer. However, despite the volume of work already done in this area, there has been little focus put on the mechanism of polypyrrole synthesis, especially concerning the most efficient method, electropolymerization. Numerous analytical techniques have been used to study polypyrrole electrodeposition and/or doping. However, the mechanism itself is still a controversial subject as there is not one mechanism which is universally accepted. The mechanism proposed by Diaz is the one most commonly referred to in the literature although several other mechanisms are not lacking in support. The controversy lies in the initiation step as each mechanism proposes a different way of beginning the reaction, varying between electron transfer, proton transfer and direct radical pyrrole formation. Without considering the initiation step, there are many other factors including electrolyte, solvent, temperature and pH which can influence the reaction mechanism during the electropolymerization of pyrrole, thus impacting the characteristics of the polymer formed at the electrode.