Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENT AND IMPORTS GROWTH IN TURKEY

This paper examines the relationship between foreign direct investments (FDI) and import growth in Turkey over the period 1950 to 2004. To test this hypothesis we extend the traditional import demand function to include FDI based on the new theory of trade and employ the bounds testing approach in ARDL (autoregressive distributed lag) framework and Fully Modified OLS (FMOLS) of Philips and Hansen to test the robustness of the results. The results reveal that there is a long run relationship but it is not unique and the most significant determinants of imports growth in Turkey in the long run are income (GDP) growth and domestic price level (CPI). The impact of FDI in the long run is marginal. In the short run, the most significant factors that affect import demand are income growth, relative price and domestic price level. The major implications of these results include: First the import demand in Turkey will be driven principally by income growth and also by foreign direct investment as predicted by the new trade theory but not at desired level. Second continued appreciation of Turkish Lira suggests more import demand, trade deficits and huge import bills which further reduce Turkish foreign reserves. However, as relative price will not affect the import demand in the long run the import bili will remain unchanged.
General Treatment of Reflection of Spherical Electromagnetic Waves from a Spherical Surface and its Application to ANITA Observations

We develop a general formalism to treat reflection of spherical electromagnetic waves from a spherical surface. Our main objective is interpretation of radio wave signals produced by cosmic ray interactions with Earth's atmosphere which are observed by the Antarctica based ANITA detector after reflection off the ice surface. The incident wave is decomposed into plane waves and each plane wave is reflected off the surface using the standard Fresnel formalism. For each plane wave the reflected wave is assumed to be locally a plane wave. This is a very reasonable assumption and there are no uncontrolled approximations in our treatment of the reflection phenomenon. The surface roughness effects are also included by using a simple model. We apply our formalism to the radiation produced by the balloon-borne HiCal radio-frequency (RF) transmitter. Our final results for the reflected power are found to be in good agreement with data for all elevation angles.
Design of an active inductor based LNA in Silterra 130 nm CMOS process technology

In this paper, an active inductor based CMOS low noise amplifier (LNA) has been illustrated for 2.4 GHz ISM band RF receivers. The proposed LNA has three stages: the common gate amplifier, the active inductor and the output buffer. The LNA is designed in Silterra 130-nm CMOS process. It operates at 1.2V supply voltage and exhibit a high gain (S21) of 33dB and reverse isolation (S12) of -33.1dB. The power dissipation of the LNA is only 1.51mW with 8.51 dB noise figure and 35.5dB IIP3. In the proposed LNA, active inductor circuit replaces the usual passive spiral inductor to keep the size of the chip area at 0.0004mm2. Such an LNA will be a better choice for high performance, fully integrated, low cost and low power RF receivers.
Modelling Computational Fluid Dynamics with Swarm Behaviour Ljubomir Jankovic Zero Carbon

The paper looks at replacing the current top-down approach to modelling, predominantly used in dynamic simulation tools, with a nature inspired bottom-up approach based on principles of swarming. Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) is chosen for this research, as one of the most time-consuming processes under the traditional simulation approach. Generally based on Navier-Stokes simultaneous differential equations, CFD requires considerable user preparation time and considerable CPU execution time. The main reason is that the top-down equations represent the system as a whole and generate a large solution space, requiring a solver to find a solution. However, air and building materials do not have cognitive capabilities to solve systems of equations in order to ‘know’ how to transfer heat. Instead, heat transfer occurs through proximity interaction between molecules, leading to self-organised behaviour that is much faster than the behaviour modelled by the top-down systems of equations. The paper investigates how the bottom-up approach using the principles of swarming could improve the speed and interactivity of CFD simulation.
Stress Management in Parents of Children with Diabetes Type 1: A Randomized Controlled Trial

Parents of children with diabetes type 1 (DT1) usually mention high stress levels as they have to cope with multiple demands in everyday life. Simple stress management techniques can be administered in everyday life and thus may hold some benefit for parents with diabetic children. The purpose of this study was to assess to evaluate the effectiveness of a stress management program (relaxation breathing and progressive muscle relaxation/RB-PMR) in reducing symptoms of stress. Self-reported validated measures were used to evaluate perceived stress, health locus of control, daily routine, anxiety and depression. This is a pilot, randomized controlled trial. A total of 54 parents were randomly assigned to the intervention group (n = 28) and control group (n = 26). In parents in the intervention group perceived stress, symptoms of depression and anxiety were significantly decreased after 8 weeks of the relaxation program (0.017, 0.044 and 0.006). RB-PMR practice was associated with changes in physical and psychological symptoms of parents with children with DT1. Future studies should extend by incorporating more objective clinical and laboratory outcomes.
CAUSALITIES AMONG U . S . COUNTERCYCLICAL POLICIES AND THEIR IMPACTS ON THE ECONOMY

The Granger causalities among gross domestic product (GDP), broad money supply, fiscal deficits and exports were analyzed to evaluate the impacts of economic policies on the growth of the US economy. The Granger-causality tests were based on the vector error correction model and the augmented level VAR model with integrated and cointegrated processes. Empirical results reveal that short-run Granger causalities among GDP, exports, and broad money supply are bidirectional. They are exogenous from the budget deficit. These short-run causalities hold true in the long run except that the Granger causality between the broad money supply and budget deficit becomes bidirectional. JEL Classification: E13; E52; E62; F13
The Evolution of Evolvability in Evolutionary Robotics

Previous research has demonstrated that computational models of Gene Regulatory Networks (GRNs) can adapt so as to increase their evolvability, where evolvability is defined as a populations responsiveness to environmental change. In such previous work, phenotypes have been represented as bit strings formed by concatenating the activations of the GRN after simulation. This research is an extension where previous results supporting the evolvability of GRNs are replicated, however, the phenotype space is enriched with time and space dynamics with an evolutionary robotics task environment. It was found that a GRN encoding used in the evolution of a way-point navigation behavior in a fluctuating environment results in (robot controller) populations becoming significantly more responsive (evolvable) over time. This is as compared to a direct encoding of controllers which was unable to improve its evolvability in the same task environment.
Stock Price Prediction Using Attention-based Multi-Input LSTM

Stock price prediction has always been a hot but challenging task due to the complexity and randomness in stock market. Investors and researchers usually derive a great number of factors from original data such as historical stock price, company profit, or textual data collected from social media. Normally these factors are then fed into models like linear regression, SVM or neural networks to make a prediction. Even though the number of factors are considerable, most of them have relatively weak correlations with future stock price. During training process, these factors not only result in additional computation but sometimes even be harmful to the performance of prediction. In this paper, we propose a novel multi-input LSTM model which is capable of extracting valuable information from low-correlated factors and discarding their harmful noise by employing extra input gates controlled by the convincing factors called mainstream. We also introduce several new factors including the prices of other related stocks to improve the prediction accuracy. The experimental results on the stock data from China stock market demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed approach compared with the state-of-the-art methods.
Simulation and Modelling of LoRa and Sigfox Low Power Wide Area Network Technologies

during this decade, there has been a huge expansion in the number of low-power Internet connected devices. The Low Power Wide Area Network (LPWAN); because of its low-cost communication ability and long-range, is considered the future wireless communication standard for Internet of Things (IoT). Although IoT is gaining more popularity, the suitability of LPWAN technologies for IoT devices is still under investigation. In this paper we develop a simulation focusing on LoRa and Sigfox to evaluate each individual LPWAN technology. We evaluate the influenceof the number of devices on LoRa and Sigfox performance by measuring collision, packet error rate and spectrum under different values of the number of IoT devices. Initial simulation results show that Sigfox has less collisions and packet error rate compared to LoRa.
One-sided scaling limit of multicolor box-ball system

A random box-ball system starts with occupying each of the first $n$ boxes independently with a ball of random color from $\{0,1,\cdots,\kappa \}$, where balls of color 0 are considered as empty boxes. The time evolution is defined by a successive application of the combinatorial $R$, and possesses a $\kappa$-tuple of Young diagrams as the complete set of conserved quantities. Using a Markov chain method, we show that if we scale the rows of each of the invariant Young diagrams by $1/n$, it converges to some limiting shape as $n\rightarrow \infty$ at an exponential rate. Furthermore, we determine the limiting shape by ratios of Schur polynomials with initial ball densities as parameters. We also derive similar results through an alternative method using the Fermionic form and Thermodynamic Bethe Ansatz, which apply once we condition the initial measure on the set of highest states. By a large deviations principle, we identify the limiting shapes of invariant Young diagrams corresponding to the unconditioned and conditioned initial measures.
The Role of Union Strategies in NLRB Certification Elections

Analyzing 1986–87 data from 261 NLRB certification election campaigns, the author finds that union tactic variables explain more of the variance in election outcomes than any other group of variables, including employer tactics, bargaining unit demographics, organizer background, election background, employer characteristics, and election environment. The results suggest that unions can significantly improve the probability of winning an election by using a rank-and-file intensive organizing strategy. This strategy includes a reliance on person-to-person contact; an emphasis on union democracy and representative participation; the building of support for the first contract during the organizing drive; the use of escalating pressure tactics; and an emphasis on dignity, justice, and fairness rather than on bread-and-butter issues.
Addressing Security Concerns of Data Exchange in AODV Protocol

The Ad Hoc on demand distance vector (AODV) routing protocol is designed for mobile ad hoc networks (MANETs). AODV offers quick adaptation to dynamic link conditions; it is characterized by low memory overhead and low network utilization. The security issues related to the protocol remain challenging for the wireless network designers. Numerous schemes have been proposed for establishing secure communication between end users, these schemes identify that the secure operation of AODV is a bi tier task (routing and secure exchange of information at separate levels). Our endeavor in this paper would focus on achieving the routing and secure data exchange in a single step. This will facilitate the user nodes to perform routing, mutual authentications, generation and secure exchange of session key in one step thus ensuring confidentiality, integrity and authentication of data exchange in a more suitable way. Keywords—AODV, key management, security, wireless networks.
Toward High Resolution, Ladar-Quality 3-D World Models Using Ladar-Stereo Data Integration and Fusion

Abstract : An approach and architecture to incorporate data integration and fusion of laser radar (ladar) and stereo data to generate high resolution, ladar-quality three-dimensional world models is described. Our primary interest involves complex environments that have proved difficult for traditional stereo algorithms to produce accurate information. The principal novelty of our work is the use of ladar information as a priori disparity information. Initial results verify the validity of the approach. Improvement in the identification of occluded regions and reduction of the error in disparities are observed.
Protective effects of sea cucumber surface-associated bacteria against Vibrio harveyi in brown-marbled grouper fingerlings

Brown-marbled grouper Epinephelus fuscoguttatus (Forsskal) fingerlings are more vulnerable to diseases than the adult grouper because the fingerlings’ adaptive immune system is still in the development stage. The mortality rates are approximately 20 to 70% during outbreaks of vibriosis in aquacultures of grouper fingerlings. Studies were conducted to identify alternative treatments with low impacts on humans, animals and the environment as well as treatments that minimize the use of antibiotics in aquaculture. In this study, we report the first use of surfaceassociated bacteria isolated from marine invertebrates to increase fingerlings’ resistance against infections. Twenty-two surface-associated bacteria were isolated from the sea cucumber Stichopus badionotus and were identified with 16S rRNA gene sequencing. Three of the surfaceassociated bacteria had inhibitory activities against pathogenic Vibrio harveyi and V. parahaemolyticus. The fingerlings treated with the surface-associated bacteria Exiguobacterium acetylicum for 12 d prior to the challenge experiment with pathogenic V. harveyi showed sig - nificantly higher survival rates and increases in antibody titres compared to the control group. This study illustrats a symbiotic interaction between E. acetylicum and grouper fingerlings. E. acetylicum colonized the scales of grouper fingerlings and enhanced the fish’s immune response against the pathogen V. harveyi.
Incorporation of simvastatin in PLLA membranes for guided bone regeneration: effect of thermal treatment on simvastatin release

Electrospun membranes based on biodegradable polymers are promising materials to be used for guided bone regeneration (GBR) therapy. The incorporation of osteostimulatory compounds can improve the biofunctionality of those membranes, making them active players in bone regeneration. Simvastatin has been shown to promote osteogenic differentiation both in vitro and in vivo. However, in most of these systems, the drug was quickly released, not matching the pace of bone regeneration. The aim of this study was to develop poly(l-lactic acid) (PLLA) membranes containing simvastatin (SV) that have a prolonged drug release rate, compatible with GBR applications. To this end, SV was mixed with PLLA and electrospun. The membranes were subjected to a thermal treatment in order to increase the crystallinity of PLLA. Morphological, structural and chemical properties of the electrospun membranes were characterized. The effect of the thermal treatment on the release profile of SV was evaluated by near physiological release experiments at 37 °C. The osteostimulatory potential was determined by in vitro culture of the membranes with rat bone marrow stromal cells (rBMSCs). The results confirmed that the thermal treatment led to an increase in polymer crystallinity and a more sustained release of SV. In vitro assays demonstrate cellular proliferation over time for all the membranes and a significant increase in osteogenic differentiation for the membranes containing SV subjected to thermal treatment.
Antioxidant, Phytotoxic and Antiurease Activities, and Total Phenolic and Flavonoid Contents of Conocarpus lancifolius (Combretaceae)

Purpose: To evaluate the antioxidant, phytotoxic and anti-urease properties of dichloromethane and methanol extracts of Conocarpus lancifolius in correlation with total phenolic and flavonoid contents. Methods: The whole plant (dried aerial parts and root) of Conocarpus lancifolius was extracted successively with dichloromethane, methanol and water at room temperature. Antioxidant activity was determined by DPPH, Nitric oxide scavenging and FRAP methods. Phytotoxicity was performed by Lemna minor assay and analyzed relative to control with effective dose (ED 50 ) to determine FI 50 values (concentration necessary to inhibit 50 % frond proliferation) and 65 % confidence intervals. Urease inhibitory activity was assessed at a concentration of 125 μg/mL by Berthelot reaction with slight modification. Total phenolic contents were calculated with reference to gallic acid equivalent and confirmed by Folin and Ciocalteau’s phenol method. Total flavonoid was determined with reference to quercetin. Results: The DPPH and hydroxyl radical scavenging activities of the methanol extract were 93.35 %. The phytotoxicity of the methanol extract was 90 % growth regulation while the anti-urease inhibitory activity was 91.1 % with half-maximal inhibitory concentration (IC 50 ) of 49.1 ± 1.3 μg/mL. Total flavonoid contents of dichloromethane extract was 629.4 ± 1.57 μg/mL. The phenolic content of the extract calculated with reference to quercetin, gallic acid, chlorogenic acid, ferulic acid and 4-hydroxy 3-methoxy benzoic acid equivalent was 45.772, 9.779, 70.304, 74.93 and 57.80 ppm, respectively. Conclusion: The results confirm that Conocarpus lancifolius extracts possess some antioxidant, phytotoxicity and anti-urease potentials due to its phenolic and flavonoid contents. Keywords: Antioxidant, Phenolics, Falvonoids, Phytotoxicity, Anti- urease, Conocarpus lancifolius
Cortical response to facial expressions of young adult males with autism spectrum disorders and controls using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI)

CORTICAL RESPONSE TO FACIAL EXPRESSIONS OF YOUNG ADULT MALES WITH AUTISM SPECTRUM DISORDERS AND CONTROLS USING FUNCTIONAL MAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGING (fMRI) by Jagriti Arora Autism is a neurodevelopmental disorder that is defined by deficits in social and emotional impairments and this study aims to identify specific brain regions involved during facial processing. The simple task of focusing on the face during social interactions for the normal group is found difficult by the autistic group, In this study, functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) was used as subjects performed two experimental tasks (EXPLICIT and IMPLICIT) in which a series of photographs of nine males and nine females displaying three affective states (6 fear, 6 happy and 6 neutral) and six scrambled-face control stimuli were presented to the subjects. Subjects were required to attend to and recognize the emotional content of the face (explicit task) or recognize the gender of the face (implicit task). The autistic as well as the control group showed activation in the temporal lobe (middle and superior temporal gyms) during explicit processing of facial expressions. Implicit processing of faces found that the autistic group showed si gnificantly more activation in the left middle temporal gyrus, bilateral superior temporal gyrus than the control group. The differences in face processing between the normal and autistic group probably arise out of the fact that autistic individuals have reduced social interest and do not regard the face as socially important. CORTICAL RESPONSE TO FACIAL EXPRESSIONS OF YOUNG ADULT MALES WITH AUTISM SPECTRUM DISORDERS AND CONTROLS USING FUNCTIONAL MAGNECTIC RESONANCE IMAGING (fMRI)
Microstrip Antennas for Indoor Wireless Dynamic Environments

This chapter is organized in two parts. The first part deals with the design and implementation of a microstrip antenna array with Butler matrix. The planar microstrip antenna array has four beams at four different directions, circular polarization diversity, good axial ratio, high gain, and wide bandwidth by implementing the 4×4 Butler matrix as a feeding network to the 2×2 planar microstrip antenna array. The circular polarization diversity is generated by rotating the linearly polarized identical elements of the planar microstrip antenna array so that the E-field in the x-direction is equal to the E-field in the ydirection. Then, by feeding the planar array with Butler matrix, phase delay of / 2 π ± between those two E-fields is provided. In the second part of this chapter, the analysis, design and implementation of an Aperture Coupled Micro-Strip Antenna (ACMSA) are introduced. A quadrature hybrid is used as a feeder for providing simultaneous circular polarization diversity with a microstrip antenna; but the utilization of the quadrature hybrid as a feeder results in large antenna size. In order to minimize the antenna size, the microstrip antenna is fed by a quadrature hybrid through two orthogonal apertures whose position is determined based on a cavity model theory. The size of the proposed ACMSA is small due to the use of the aperture coupled structure. The cavity model theory is started with Maxwell's equations, followed by the solution of the homogeneous wave equations. Finally, the eigenfunction expansion for the calculation of the input impedance is presented. This chapter is organized as follows. The first part deals with design and implementation of a microstrip antenna array with Butler matrix, which describe the design details of a rectangular microstrip patch antenna and a 4×4 Butler matrix. Further, analysis of planar microstrip antenna array with Butler matrix and the development of the radiation pattern for the planar microstrip antenna array are presented. In the second part, the design and implementation of an aperture coupled microstrip antenna, the analysis of ACMSA using cavity model, the circular polarization diversity with ACMSA and the geometry of the ACMSA are described.
PHYTOCHEMICAL INVESTIGATION OF FRUIT EXTRACT OF ELAEOCARPUS GANITRUS

Objective: The present study aimed to investigate the qualitative and quantitative phytochemical analysis of ethanolic fruit extract of medicinally important plant of Elaeocarpus ganitrus for identification of major bioactive constituents. Methods: Studies were carried out in terms of qualitative and quantitative estimation of phytoconstituents. The phenolic content was examined by using Folin-Ciocalteu assay. The total flavonoid was determined spectrophotometrically by using the aluminium chloride reagent. Results: The yield extraction value in ethanolic fruit extracts was 28.65%. The preliminary phytochemical analysis results indicated the presence of alkaloids, glycosides, phenolic compounds, flavonoids, saponins, carbohydrates and fixed oils, but protein and amino acids wer e absent in this extract. The total phenolic content was 232.24 mg of gallic acid equivalent (GAE) per gram of ethanolic fruit extract of E. ganitrus . The total flavonoid concentration was 91.42 mg of quercetin equivalent (QE) per gram of ethanolic extract. Conclusions: Phenolic and flavonoid compounds have several prevailing biological activity, which outlines the necessity of their determination. Results revealed the presence of different bioactive compounds which could be exploited for their potential applications for medicinal purposes.