Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The Role of Gender Ideology in Consumers’ Reception of Ads Featuring Stay-at-home Dads

Abstract The number of men choosing to stay at home to be the primary caregivers for their children is on the rise. Historically, advertising has reflected, reinforced and hastened the pace of societal change. With increase in stay-at-home dads (SAHDs), there is also an increase in the ads featuring them. Based on Congruity Theory and Gender Role Ideologies as theoretical framework and an experimental method (3 X 2 factorial design), the current study tests the differences in consumers’ reception of ads featuring both men and women in primary caregiving roles. Results indicate that attitudes toward the ad and brand are a function of both exposure to the ad and individuals’ views on gender roles (i.e., gender ideology) such that individuals with egalitarian views of gender rated the brand and the ad featuring a dad as more favorable than the group with traditionalist views. Similarly, individuals with traditionalist views of gender rated the brand and ad featuring a mom more favorably than the group with egalitarian views of gender. Implications are drawn.
Evaluation of Dermatological Findings in Diabetic Foot Syndrome

1 Tire Dr. Ertuğrul Aker Devlet Hastanesi, Dermatoloji Kliniği, İzmir, Türkiye 2 Ege Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi, Dermatoloji Anabilim Dalı, İzmir, Türkiye 3 Kanuni Eğitim ve Araştırma Hastanesi, İnfeksiyon Hastalıkları ve Klinik Mikrobiyoloji Kliniği, Trabzon, Türkiye 4 Ege Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi, İç Hastalıkları Anabilim Dalı, Endokrinoloji ve Metabolizma Hastalıkları Bilim Dalı, İzmir, Türkiye 5 Ege Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi, Ortopedi ve Travmatoloji Anabilim Dalı, İzmir, Türkiye 6 Ege Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi, İnfeksiyon Hastalıkları ve Klinik Mikrobiyoloji Anabilim Dalı, İzmir, Türkiye
Effects of intramammary infection and parenchymal region on collagen abundance in nonlactating bovine mammary glands

ABSTRACT Objective The objectives were to quantify collagen content in nonlactating uninfected and Staphylococcus aureus–infected mammary glands and determine the relative abundance of collagen in different gland regions. Materials and Methods Mammary tissues that were previously collected from a mastitis-challenge trial were examined. Mammary tissues were collected along a vertical midline through each gland and included parenchymal tissues that were proximal to the gland cistern (cisternal parenchyma) and tissues near the abdominal wall (deep parenchyma) from each saline-infused (n = 18) and Staph. aureus–infused (n = 18) gland. Collagen was detected via picro-sirus red staining and visualized using polarized light for image acquisition and subsequent analysis. Results and Discussion Most interlobular collagen was associated with larger ducts and stromal tissues. Some collagen was intralobular and was mostly associated with these larger ducts but was also present in epithelial basement membranes. Staphylococcus aureus–infused glands contained more tissue area occupied by collagen than saline-infused glands (19.78 vs. 17.26 ± 1.19%). Additionally, parenchyma near the gland cistern contained more collagen than deep parenchyma (19.95 vs. 17.09 ± 1.19%). Results indicate that mastitis elicits the deposition of collagen in affected glands and that collagen abundance is affected by gland region. Implications and Applications Nonlactating mammary glands affected by Staph. aureus mastitis may have a greater amount of collagen, believed to be resulting scar tissue. We speculate that it may have long-term, and possibly irreversible, effects on glandular structure and, consequently, lifetime productivity.
Socio-Demographical Factors on Academic Redshirting as Perceived by School-going Adolescents with Special Needs

This study investigated some socio-demographical on academic redshirting as perceived by school-going adolescents with special needs in Ibadan, Nigeria. As a quantitative study, the principles of descriptive design of correlational type was adopted. The results revealed that academic redshirting had significant positive correlation with age, and negatively but significant with interest in schooling, parental involvement and community support. It was concluded that early enrolment of children with special needs is critical to initiate adolescents with special needs' interest in schooling and sense of belonging.
Mechanobiology and mechanotransduction in propathological cellular system

4 Introduction.7 1. Mechanobiology.7 1.1 Cell-extracellular matrix interaction.7 1.1.1 ECM components.8 1.2 Cytoskeleton rearrangement and cell force transmissions.11 1.2.1 Focal adhesion points.12 1.2. 2 Stress fibers.18 1.2. 3 Nucleus.20 2. Mechanotransduction.22 2.1 Hippo Pathway and mechanical stresses.22 2.1.1 The importance of the way of Rho GTPases.25 2.1.2 Role of Yap-Taz in the cell fate.25 3. Nanotechnology applications in mechanobiology.27 3.1 An overview of principal techniques used in the study of the mechanical properties of cells and tissues.27 4. The Atomic Force Microscopy.30 4.1 AFM working modalities.32 4.2 AFM force spectroscopy.33 4.2.1 Single cell AFM force spectroscopy.34 4.2. 2 AFM force spectroscopy on tissutal slides.35 4.3 Evaluation of mechanical properties by AFM via force-distance curves.36 4.3.1 Force curve analysis.38 4.3. 2 Fitting models.39
DIETARY VITAMIN-MINERAL PREMIX REPLACEMENT WITH LEAF MEAL COMPOSITES IMPROVED THE GROWTH PERFORMANCE OF BROILER CHICKEN

This study was aimed at evaluating the effects of full or partial replacement of dietary vitamin-mineral premix (VmP) with leaf meal composites (LMC) on performance of broiler chickens. In a completely randomised design, one-day old Arbor Acres plus chicks (n = 936) were randomly allotted to thirteen treatments, each replicated eight times. A replicate comprised nine chicks each. Air-dried leaves of Telfaria occidentalis, Celosia argentea, Vernonia amygdalina and Moringa oleifera were milled and constituted in equal proportions to a leaf meal composite (LMC). Diets were formulated with the LMC incorporated in the diets at 1.5, 3.0 and 4.5 % and the VMP at 0.000, 0.125, 0.250 and 0.375 % in a (3 x 4) +1 augmented factorial arrangement. Treatments 1 (T1 ), 2 (T2 ) and 3 (T3 ) contained only 1.5, 3.0 and 4.5 % LMC, respectively, without VmP inclusion. Treatments 4 (T4 ), 5 (T5 ) and 6 (T6 ) each contained 0.125 % VmP alongside 1.5, 3.0 and 4.5 % LMC, respectively. Treatments 7 (T7 ), 8 (T8 ), and 9 (T9 ) also had 0.25 % VmP each alongside 1.5, 3.0 and 4.5 % LMC, respectively. Treatments 10 (T10 ), 11 (T11 ) and 12 (T12 ) each contained 0.375 % VmP with 1.5, 3.0 and 4.5 % LMC, respectively, while Treatment 13 (T13 ) contained 0.25 % VmP only. Chicks were fed from day 1-21 (starter) and 23-42 (finisher). Increasing dietary VMP supplement resulted in reduced (p 0.05) but lower (p < 0.05) than in other treatments. Optimal FCR of 2.25 (starter) and 2.44 (finisher) were attained with 3.43 (R2 = 0.73) and 3.06 % (R2 = 0.99) LMC inclusions, respectively. Thus, LMC successfully replaced VmP in broiler chicken diets without any negative implication on growth performance.
Evolution of cheaper workers in ants: a comparative study of exoskeleton thickness

The great evolutionary success of insects is partly linked to the innovation of the cuticle, which underlies a complex exoskeleton with varied functions. Cuticle development is costly because chitin and cuticular proteins require ingested nitrogen. Studying cuticle thickness on a comparative basis allows insight into the trade-off between offspring quality and quantity. This trade-off takes a particular meaning in ant workers because they are wingless, non-dispersers and generally sterile. We selected a comprehensive sample of 42 ant species (40 genera belonging to nine subfamilies) and measured cuticle thickness in workers using labour-intensive histological sectioning of the prothorax. Thickness varied substantially across genera, ranging from 1.3 to 109.8 µ m. We correlated thickness with body size, measured as head width. Our results show a strong influence of body size, but also phylogeny, because workers in ‘formicoid’ species tend to have a thinner cuticle (two exceptions). The effect of body size is also obvious in species having size-polymorphic workers. We discuss the idea that a thinner cuticle is associated with miniaturization of workers, and its ecological consequences are buffered in a social environment. We reveal that the bulk of ant species have a very thin cuticle, and this represents cost savings that may partly underlie the massive increase in colony size during adaptive radiation. – nitrogen limitation.
Optimization of Phytoremediation of Nickel by Alocasia puber Using Response Surface Methodology

The contamination of water by heavy metals is a worldwide environmental problem. Phytoremediation and constructed wetlands have become increasingly popular as more sustainable and environmentally friendly techniques of removing heavy metals from the wastewater. This study, therefore, investigated the phytoremediation of nickel by Alocasia puber (A. puber) in a constructed wetlands (CW) microcosm. This study identified the optimum conditions for nickel (Ni) removal from wastewater using response surface methodology (RSM) with central composite design (CCD). Two operational variables were assessed: exposure time and initial Ni concentration. The optimum conditions for the maximum removal of Ni from water were an exposure time of 10 days and 99.76 mg/L initial Ni concentration. The results indicated that 95.6% removal was achieved under the optimized conditions, with a high correlation coefficient (R2 = 0.97) between the statistical model and the experimental data. Field emission scanning electron microscopy images showed anatomical changes in the A. puber samples due to Ni exposure, and transmission electron microscopy images revealed some internal damages in the A. puber, but visual Ni toxicity symptoms, such as necrosis and chlorosis, were not observed in the A. puber. This study demonstrated that A. puber planted in a constructed wetland microcosm was able to remediate wastewater contaminated with Ni.
Multi-host dispersal of known and novel carnivore amdoparvoviruses

Abstract Amdoparvoviruses (family Parvoviridae) are ssDNA viruses that cause an immune complex-mediated wasting syndrome in carnivores. They are multi-host pathogens and cross-species infection is facilitated by the fact that viral entry is mediated by cellular Fc receptors recognizing antibody-coated viruses. We developed a pan-amdoparvovirus PCR and screened tissue samples from 666 wild carnivores (families Felidae, Canidae, and Mustelidae) from Newfoundland or Labrador (Canada) and molecularly characterized the identified strains. Fifty-four out of 666 (8.1%) animals were amdoparvovirus-positive. Infection rate was the highest in American mink (34/47, 72.3%), followed by foxes (Arctic and red foxes, 13/311, 4.2%), lynx (2/58, 3.5%), and American martens (5/156, 3.4%). No virus was detected in samples from 87 coyotes and 17 ermines. Viruses from Newfoundland were classified as Aleutian mink disease virus (AMDV). Mink harvested near AMDV-affected fur farms had higher prevalence (24/24, 100%) than other mink (10/23, 43.5%; P < 0.001) and their viruses were phylogenetically closely related to those from farms, while most viruses from other mink were in other clades. Strains from three foxes and two lynx were highly related to mink strains. This proves that farms disperse AMDV that subsequently spreads among wild mink (maintenance host) and transmits to other spillover carnivore hosts. In Labrador two novel viruses were identified, Labrador amdoparvovirus 1 (LaAV-1) found in foxes (9/261, 3.5%) and martens (5/156, 3.4%), and LaAV-2 found in one fox (0.4%). LaAV-1 fulfills all requirements to be classified as a novel species. LaAV-1 was most similar to viruses of mink and skunks (AMDV and skunk amdoparvovirus (SKAV)) while LaAV-2 was more closely related to other viruses infecting canids. LaAV-1 capsid proteins were almost indistinguishable from those of AMDV in some regions, suggesting that LaAV-1 could be a virus of mustelids that can infect foxes. While intensive farming practices provide occasions for inter-species transmission in farms, niche overlap or predation could explain cross-species transmission in the wild, but competition among sympatric species reduces the chances of direct contacts, making this an infrequent event. Pan-amdoparvovirus detection methods in wide epidemiological investigations can play a crucial role in defining amdoparvoviral ecology and evolution and discovering novel viruses.
Biomass Pretreatment and Characterization: A Review

Biomass has the potential to replace conventional fuels in a number of applications, particularly in biofuel production. It is an abundantly available renewable material with great potential as a feedstock for bioconversion processes for the production of energy, fuels and a variety of chemicals. Due to its biogenic origin, the carbon dioxide released from its combustion process does not impact atmospheric carbon dioxide. Despite these merits, a major problem hindering its widespread use has always been its recalcitrant nature, in terms of its inherent characteristics, which are unfavorable to its use in bioconversion and bio refinery processes. This makes it necessary for biomass to be pretreated before use in any conversion process for maximum product recovery. However, a major issue with regards to biomass pretreatment is the lack of rapid, high throughput and reliable tools for assessing and tracing biopolymer components of biomass relevant to the energy production potential of the biomass. This chapter therefore presents an overview of the pretreatment and characterization of biomass relevant to energy, fuels and chemicals production. The information provided will bequeath readers with the basic knowledge necessary for finding an auspicious solution to pretreatment problems and the production of energy from pretreated biomass.
Epidermis structure and blood parameter differences between sculpin Cottus gobio and Siberian sculpin Cottus poecilopus from the Morava watershed

Abstract. The epidermis structure of the studied specimens of Cottus gobio and C. poecilopus from the Morava watershed showed important differences. We noted a lower number of sacciform secretory cells in C. gobio, and also differences in relation to reproductive activity (the decrease in the number of secretory cells during the spawning period in both species). Significant differences were found in the erythrocyte count (1.90 ± 0.15 T.l-1 in C. gobio and 1.57 ± 0.07 T.l-1 in C. poecilopus), whereas the leucocyte count did not differ. A three-day-long exposure in higher temperature and lower oxygen saturated water conditions caused a marked increase in both blood parameters. These differences can be related to the distant physiological and ethological requirements of the species.
Weather influence on the abundance of bird species wintering in three Mediterranean ecosystems

Abstract. Many migratory bird species winter in southern Europe and weather influences their abundance, distribution, arrival and departure dates. This study compares the influence of air temperature and precipitation on abundance of waterfowl (Anas spp., Anser albifrons and Fulica atra), woodcock (Scolopax rusticola), skylark (Alauda arvensis) and meadow pipit (Anthus pratensis), representative species of wetland, woodland and farmland ecosystems, in Hellas (Greece). The harsh winter of 2001–2002 led initially to the increase of waterfowl abundance, however the prolonged cold weather forced the birds south. The following year's counts showed an increase of larger bodied and a decrease of smaller bodied waterfowl species. In forestland, the woodcock abandoned its mountainous wintering area in low temperatures and its abundance decreased the year following the harsh winter. Precipitation during November and December influenced negatively the abundance of woodcocks along the studied route probably due to their increased dispersion. In farmland, the preliminary results did not indicate any clear relation between the abundance or departure of skylarks and meadow pipits and air temperature and precipitation. A trend of skylarks to stay longer in the study area was observed with lower air temperatures in March. The influence of meteorological conditions differs from species to species due to their various ecological demands and different habitats. Future climate change is expected to influence abundance, duration of stay and the distribution of wintering birds.
On the Sources of Information in the Moment Structure of Dynamic Macroeconomic Models

Abstract What features of the data are the key sources of information about the parameters in structural macroeconomic models? As such models grow in size and complexity, the answer to this question has become increasingly difficult. This article shows how to identify the main sources of parameter information across different parts of the moment structure of macroeconomic models. In particular, we propose a measure of the relative contribution of information by a given subset of moments with respect to any parameter of interest. The measure is trivial to compute even for large-scale models with many free parameters and observed variables. We illustrate our method with an application to a news-driven business cycle model developed by Schmitt-Grohé and Uribe. Supplementary materials for this article are available online.
Conditions to Guarantee the Existence of the Solution to Stochastic Differential Equations of Neutral Type

The main purpose of this study was to demonstrate the existence and the uniqueness theorem of the solution of the neutral stochastic differential equations under sufficient conditions. As an alternative to the stochastic analysis theory of the neutral stochastic differential equations, we impose a weakened Ho¨lder condition and a weakened linear growth condition. Stochastic results are obtained for the theory of the existence and uniqueness of the solution. We first show that the conditions guarantee the existence and uniqueness; then, we show some exponential estimates for the solutions.
Unravelling the Effect of Citrate on the Features and Biocompatibility of Magnesium Phosphate-Based Bone Cements

In the framework of new materials for orthopedic applications, Magnesium Phosphate-based Cements (MPCs) are currently the focus of active research in biomedicine, given their promising features; in this field, the loading of MPCs with active molecules to be released in the proximity of newly forming bone could represent an innovative approach to enhance the in vivo performances of the biomaterial. In this work, we describe the preparation and characterization of MPCs containing citrate, an ion naturally present in bone which presents beneficial effects when released in the proximity of newly forming bone tissue. The cements were characterized in terms of handling properties, setting time, mechanical properties, crystallinity, and microstructure, so as to unravel the effect of citrate concentration on the features of the material. Upon incubation in aqueous media, we demonstrated that citrate could be successfully released from the cements, while contributing to the alkalinization of the surroundings. The cytotoxicity of the materials toward human fibroblasts was also tested, revealing the importance of a fine modulation of released citrate to guarantee the biocompatibility of the material.
Results of follow-up experiments to “Odorant cues linked to social immunity induce lateralized antennal stimulation in honey bees (Apis mellifera L.)”

In 2017, we published the paper “Odorant cues linked to social immunity induce lateralized antennal stimulation in honey bees (Apis mellifera L.)” in Scientific Reports. Since then, we have performed three follow-up experiments which have either negative or contradictory results. Previously, we used electrophysiology to show that hygienic bees displayed significantly higher sensitivity to β-ocimene when stimulated via their left antennae compared to their right. We repeated this assay using worker honey bees from a single hygienic colony and found, to our surprise, that the right antennae elicited higher sensitivity. We also previously attempted to identify a molecular basis for lateralization by using mass spectrometry-based proteomics to compare left and right antennal proteomes. Of the 1,845 proteins, none were differentially expressed. Here, we repeated this experiment but employed orthogonal peptide fractionation to increase proteome coverage to 3,114 proteins; however, still none were differentially expressed. Finally, we attempted to manipulate gene expression of a key antennal odorant binding protein linked to hygienic behaviour (OBP18) using RNA interference via antenna microinjection. We were not able to achieve long-lasting OBP18 knock-down, but comparing the proteomes of untreated, mock dsRNA-treated and OBP18 dsRNA-treated worker antennae revealed numerous off-target effects of the act of injecting alone. By openly reporting this data, we hope to set an example for information transparency.
On the Application of the FactSage Thermochemical Software and Databases in Materials Science and Pyrometallurgy

The discovery of new metallic materials is of prime importance for the development of new technologies in many fields such as electronics, aerial and ground transportation as well as construction. These materials require metals which are obtained from various pyrometallurgical processes. Moreover, these materials need to be synthesized under extreme conditions of temperature where liquid solutions are produced and need to be contained. The design and optimization of all these pyrometallurgical processes is a key factor in this development. We present several examples in which computational thermochemistry is used to simulate complex pyrometallurgical processes including the Hall–Heroult process (Al production), the PTVI process (Ni production), and the steel deoxidation from an overall mass balance and energy balance perspective. We also show how computational thermochemistry can assist in the material selection in these extreme operation conditions to select refractory materials in contact with metallic melts. The FactSage thermochemical software and its specialized databases are used to perform these simulations which are proven here to match available data found in the literature.
Plio‐Pleistocene Indonesian Throughflow Variability Drove Eastern Indian Ocean Sea Surface Temperatures

Ocean gateways facilitate circulation between ocean basins, thereby impacting global climate. The Indonesian Gateway transports water from the Pacific to the Indian Ocean via the Indonesian Throughflow (ITF) and drives the strength and intensity of the modern Leeuwin Current, which carries warm equatorial waters along the western coast of Australia to higher latitudes. Therefore, ITF dynamics are a vital component of global thermohaline circulation. Plio‐Pleistocene changes in ITF behavior and Leeuwin Current intensity remain poorly constrained due to a lack of sedimentary records from regions under its influence. Here, organic geochemical proxies are used to reconstruct sea surface temperatures on the northwest Australian shelf at IODP Site U1463, downstream of the ITF outlet and under the influence of the Leeuwin Current. Our records, based on TEX86 and the long‐chain diol index, provide insight into past ITF variability (3.5–1.5 Ma) and confirm that sea surface temperature exerted a control on Australian continental hydroclimate. A significant TEX86 cooling of ~5°C occurs within the mid‐Pliocene Warm Period (3.3–3.1 Ma) suggesting that this interval was characterized by SST fluctuations at Site U1463. A major feature of both the TEX86 and long‐chain diol index records is a strong cooling from ~1.7 to 1.5 Ma. We suggest that this event reflects a reduction in Leeuwin Current intensity due to a major step in ongoing ITF constriction, accompanied by a switch from South to North Pacific source waters entering the ITF inlet. Our new data suggest that an additional ITF constriction event may have occurred in the Pleistocene.