Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Ampleur, tendance et causes des inégalités sociales de santé et de mortalité en Europe : une revue des études comparatives

La France, comme les autres pays europeens, affiche de larges inegalites sociales face a la mort et en matiere de sante. Les plus instruits, les categories de professions les plus qualifiees et les menages les plus aises beneficient d’une esperance de vie plus longue et se trouvent en meilleure sante. Les conclusions convergentes d’une etude a l’autre dans les pays de l’Union et les tâtonnements pour mesurer, comprendre et reduire les disparites sociales ont porte les preoccupations et questionnements dans ce domaine du niveau national au niveau europeen. Les etudes europeennes visent a limiter les problemes de comparaison lies aux sources et donnees, facilitant alors l’interpretation des differences entre pays. Ce panorama des etudes comparatives europeennes sur les inegalites sociales de sante et de mortalite montre que dans l’ensemble des pays europeens, les memes maladies contribuent aux inegalites face au risque de deces (maladies cardio-vasculaires, cancers et maladies du systeme digestif et du systeme respiratoire) ou face au risque de mauvaise sante (maladies cardiovasculaires, du systeme nerveux, arthrose, diabete). On retrouve egalement des differences sociales face a l’incapacite et a la mauvaise sante percue partout en Europe. Differents facteurs de risque et determinants de ces inegalites sociales sont communs aux pays europeens mais peuvent etre plus ou moins pregnants, expliquant certaines variations regionales dans l’ampleur des differentiels a travers l’Union europeenne. Par ailleurs, les etudes comparatives montrent un impact de l’acces et du recours aux soins ou encore des politiques de sante sur les inegalites sociales de sante. Ces travaux participent a l’accumulation des connaissances pouvant conduire dans les annees a venir a une modification des politiques sanitaires et sociales visant a reduire ces inegalites.
Prevalence of atherosclerotic renal artery stenosis in patients with atherosclerosis elsewhere.

PURPOSE To determine the prevalence of atherosclerotic renal artery stenosis in patients who have atherosclerosis elsewhere but lack the usual clinical clues to suggest renal artery stenosis. PATIENTS AND METHODS The arteriograms and charts of 395 consecutive patients were prospectively reviewed by a member of the Vascular Medicine Department and a member of the Radiology Department. These patients underwent arteriography as part of the routine evaluation for abdominal aortic aneurysm (109 patients), aorto-occlusive disease (21 patients), lower-extremity occlusive disease (189 patients), and suspected renal artery stenosis (76 patients). Patients in the first three groups did not have the usual clues that suggest renal artery stenosis. RESULTS There was greater than 50% renal artery stenosis in 41 patients (38%) with abdominal aortic aneurysm, seven patients (33%) with aorto-occlusive disease, 74 patients (39%) with lower-extremity occlusive disease, and 53 patients (70%) with suspected renal artery stenosis. The prevalence of renal artery stenosis was similar in diabetic and nondiabetic patients with abdominal aortic aneurysm, aorto-occlusive disease, or suspected renal artery stenosis, but higher in diabetics with lower-extremity occlusive disease (50%) compared to nondiabetics with lower-extremity occlusive disease (33%) (p = 0.022). High-grade bilateral disease was present in approximately 13% of patients with abdominal aortic aneurysm or lower-extremity occlusive disease, and totally occluded renal arteries occurred in 5% of the patients in these groups. There was an association between increasing degree of renal artery stenosis and the presence of hypertension and worsening of renal function. CONCLUSION Patients with atherosclerosis elsewhere, especially abdominal aortic aneurysm, aorto-occlusive disease, or lower-extremity occlusive disease, have a high prevalence of significant renal artery stenosis even in the absence of the usual clues to suspect renal artery stenosis. Diabetic patients have a similar prevalence as nondiabetic patients. This information may have important therapeutic implications in patients being considered for vascular surgery.
Is it time to join the cult? Radial access and percutaneous coronary intervention.

In the first report of complications after balloon angioplasty in the seminal National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute registry, myocardial infarction and coronary artery dissection are each reported in 5% of patients. The phrase “blood loss” is mentioned twice, the word “bleeding” is mentioned once, and “transfusion” is not mentioned at all.1 As the former set of events becomes increasingly uncommon, considerable attention has been redirected from preventing ischemia to bleeding avoidance strategies.2 A search of PubMed (accessed May 11, 2015) using the terms and yielded 1851 hits. An academic consortium to address the issues posed by bleeding3 is already 4 years old, and a considerable body of literature now documents the association between bleeding and subsequent mortality. The effort to manage bleeding has largely consisted of a 2 pronged approach: the adoption of transradial access (TRA) for angiography and percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) and the modification of pharmacological regimens. The transradial approach was first described by Campeau4 >25 years ago. Since that time, procedural success rates have equaled those for transfemoral access (TFA), with crossover to the transfemoral route occurring ≈6% of the time.5 Meta-analyses have suggested its superiority to TFA6–9 for reduction of bleeding, vascular access complications, and probably mortality. Two large randomized trials, RIVAL (A Randomized Comparison of Radial vs Femoral Access for Coronary Intervention in ACS) and MATRIX (Minimizing Adverse Hemorrhagic Events by Transradial Access Sites and Systemic Implementation of AngioX) Access, including >15 000 patients have provided more concrete evidence of its superiority to TFA in patients with acute coronary syndromes.5,10 Two modestly sized trials11,12 and a prespecified substudy of RIVAL13 suggest that this benefit may be greatest in patients undergoing PCI for ST-segment–elevation myocardial infarction, presumably because …
Selection of sourdough lactobacilli with antifungal activity for use as biopreservatives in bakery products.

Two hundred and sixteen LAB cultures from sourdoughs and dough for bread and panettone production were screened for in vitro antifungal properties against three indicator cultures ascribed to Aspergillus japonicus , Eurotium repens , and Penicillium roseopurpureum , isolated from bakery environment and moldy panettone. Nineteen preselected isolates were subjected to minimum inhibitory concentration determination against the indicator cultures. Sourdoughs prepared with the two most promising strains, identified as Lactobacillus rossiae LD108 and Lactobacillus paralimentarius PB127, were characterized. The sourdough extracts were subjected to HPLC analysis coupled with a microtiter plate bioassay against A. japonicus to identify the active fractions. MALDI-TOF MS analysis revealed the occurrence of a series of peptides corresponding to wheat α-gliadin proteolysis fragments in the active fraction from L. rossiae LD108 sourdough. The ability to prevent mold growth on bread was demonstrated for both strains, whereas L. rossiae LD108 also inhibited mold growth on panettone.
Improving the determination of water content of power transformer insulation paper near the end of its functional life

One of the transformer's parameters which has a significant impact on the residual life of a fault-free power transformer is the condition of the paper insulation on its windings. Kraft and Kraft thermally upgraded paper is mostly used as insulation around the copper turns of the winding. Over time, chemical reactions involving water degrade the paper causing it to become brittle. The paper's theoretical end of functional life is when the chemical reactions have reduced the tensile strength to 25% of its original value. Consequently, in order to effectively determine the reliable life expectancy of the winding paper, its water content must be known. Many utilities use cellulosic adsorption isotherms to calculate the water content of transformer paper insulation from the water activity of the oil. However, a problem is that this method becomes less precise as the paper degrades because the adsorption isotherms change, and thus the water content of the paper derived from the water content of oil is no longer accurate. When this inaccuracy becomes significant, should the water activity, or the water content of paper, be used to estimate life remaining? In this article, a discussion is given on why the rate of degradation of paper is dependent on water activity, and the potential inaccuracies when using only water content of paper.
Reconfiguration mechanism for an IP block based interconnection

This paper presents a reconfiguration mechanism for an on-chip interconnection scheme called Heterogeneous IP Block Interconnection (HIBI). Required memory structures and logical signal operations for the different configurations are explained. The possible applications for this kind of reconfiguration are discussed, including ways to enhance system performance, ease of design re-use, low power designs and fault tolerance. An overview of HIBI is given as a background information for the reader. The HIBI architecture is designed to exploit VHDL synthesis but the concept could conceivably be transferred to any synthesis environment.
Two Plasmodium 6‐Cys family‐related proteins have distinct and critical roles in liver‐stage development

The 10 Plasmodium 6‐Cys proteins have critical roles throughout parasite development and are targets for antimalaria vaccination strategies. We analyzed the conserved 6‐cysteine domain of this family and show that only the last 4 positionally conserved cysteine residues are diagnostic for this domain and identified 4 additional “6‐Cys family‐related” proteins. Two of these, sequestrin and B9, are critical to Plasmodium liver‐stage development. RT‐PCR and immunofluorescence assays show that B9 is translationally repressed in sporozoites and is expressed after hepatocyte invasion where it localizes to the parasite plasma membrane. Mutants lacking B9 expression in the rodent malaria parasites P. berghei and P. yoelii and the human parasite P. falciparum developmentally arrest in hepatocytes. P. berghei mutants arrest in the livers of BALB/c (100%) and C57BL6 mice (>99.9%), and in cultures of Huh7 human‐hepatoma cell line. Similarly, P. falciparum mutants while fully infectious to primary human hepatocytes abort development 3 d after infection. This growth arrest is associated with a compromised parasitophorous vacuole membrane a phenotype similar to, but distinct from, mutants lacking the 6‐Cys sporozoite proteins P52 and P36. Our results show that 6‐Cys proteins have critical but distinct roles in establishment and maintenance of a parasitophorous vacuole and subsequent liver‐stage development—Annoura, T. , van Schaijk, B. C. L. , Ploemen, I. H. J., Sajid, M. , Lin, J.‐W. , Vos, M. W. , Dinmohamed, A G. , Inaoka, D. K. , Rijpma, S. R. , van Gemert, G. ‐J., Chevalley‐Maurel, S. , Kiełbasa, S. M. , Scheltinga, F. , Franke‐Fayard, B. , Klop, O. Hermsen, C. C. , Kita, K. , Gego, A. , Franetich, J.‐F. , Mazier, D. , Hoffman, S. L. , Janse, C. J., Sauerwein, R. W. , Khan, S. M. Two Plasmodium 6‐Cys family‐related proteins have distinct and critical roles in liver‐stage development. FASEB J. 28, 2158–2170 (2014). www.fasebj. org
Modélisation thermo-hydraulique de la congélation artificielle des terrains

La congelation artificielle des terrains est une technique d'impermeabilisation et de renforcement des terrains regulierement employee dans le genie civil et l'industrie miniere. Dans un objectif de prediction fiable de l'evolution de la congelation dans le milieu poreux, cette recherche propose deux nouveaux modeles numeriques permettant la simulation du probleme global de la congelation artificielle des terrains. Un premier modele a pour objectif la representation des mecanismes couples thermo-hydrauliques associes a la congelation du materiau tandis qu'un deuxieme modele se concentre sur l'estimation des echanges de chaleur entre un puits de congelation et le terrain environnant. Le modele thermo-hydraulique, en plus d'etre coherent sur le plan thermodynamique, a ete verifie a la fois par rapport a des solutions analytiques et par rapport a des resultats experimentaux obtenus a grande echelle en conditions d'ecoulements importants. Le modele puits-terrain adopte une approche innovante par rapport a la bibliographie. Il permet de determiner les conditions aux limites des modeles de congelation des terrains, difficiles a connaitre en pratique, et d'optimiser les conditions operatoires du systeme grace a des temps de simulation limites. De par les hypotheses considerees, leur fiabilite et leur praticite d'utilisation, ces deux modeles sont particulierement adaptes a des sites industriels comme celui de la mine d'uranium de Cigar Lake (Canada) qui presente deux contraintes majeures : la presence potentielle d'ecoulements importants et la forte heterogeneite des terrains a congeler. Dans de tels contextes, des applications d'utilisation conjointe des deux modeles ou non sont presentees par rapport a des cas simples et au cas industriel de Cigar Lake. Ils peuvent ainsi etre employes pour predire l'evolution de la congelation dans le terrain en tenant compte des interactions thermo-hydrauliques, pour optimiser le systeme de congelation, ou encore pour evaluer l'impact sur la progression des zones congelees de conditions geologiques, hydrogeologiques et operatoires particulieres.
Design of a wideband TEM horn antenna

A novel design method for a TEM horn antenna is proposed on the basis of parallel plate waveguide theory. This TEM horn antenna has an exponentially tapered structure to increase the matching bandwidth. The measurement shows that the TEM horn antenna has the frequency band of 75 MHz to 1200 MHz for VSWR less than 2.0.
Influence Matrix Approach to Fault Diagnosis of Parameters in Dynamic Systems

A new diagnostic method has been developed, which consists of on-line identification of system models, fault detection, and fault estimation using an influence matrix. A fault in system parameters is detected by the changes in the identified models, and the faulty parameter and its variation are estimated using the influence matrix. This method can detect a step-as well as a gradual-change fault and is applicable where the physical values of parameters are not known accurately. Simulation studies have been carried out on a motor driving system with very good results.
Neustrukturierung der öffentlich-rechtlichen Fernsehlandschaft: Theoretische Hintergründe und Reformoptionen

Eine wichtige Erkenntis der neueren Entwicklungen in Theorie und Praxis von Medienmarkten ist die Reformbedurftigkeit des Public Service Broadcastings. Der vorliegende Beitrag greift in diesem Zusammenhang einen Vorschlag von Jorn Kruse auf, der bereits im Jahr 2004 darauf hinwies, dass „der offentlich-rechtliche Fernsehsektor heute, gemessen an seiner okonomischen Legitimierbarkeit, wesentlich zu gros ist“ (vgl. Kruse, 2004). Die von Kruse (2004) damals favorisierte Reformoption ist die Privatisierung des Zweiten Deutschen Fernsehens (ZDF). Das Ziel unserer Arbeit liegt zum Einen in der Analyse potenzieller Grunde fur Marktversagen im Fernsehmarkt auf der Basis neuer theoretischer Ansatze und basierend auf unseren Erkenntnissen einer Darstellung moglicher Reformoptionen. Reformoptionen im offentlichen Sektor sind bekanntlich vielfaltigen sozialen und politischen Widerstanden unterworfen. Aus diesem Grund weiten wir unsere Reformvorschlage auf ein Paket von Privatisierungsoptionen fur das ZDF beziehungsweise das offentlich-rechtliche Fernsehen aus und diskutieren die Vor- und Nachteile der jeweiligen Reformoption. Dazu gehort aus unserer Sicht die Abschaffung des ZDF, eine mogliche Privatisierung des ZDF, eine Aufspaltung in der Form einer Eingliederung bestimmter Teile in die ARD und dem Verkauf anderer Betriebsteile. Schlieslich verbleibt die Option Teile aus beiden offentlich-rechtlichen Fernsehanstalten zu schliesen und beide Anstalten im Anschluss zu verschmelzen. Unter Umstanden konnte anstatt einer Schliesung der als nicht mehr fur eine offentlich-rechtliche Fernsehanstalt notwendigen Teile angesehenen Bereiche ein Verkauf an private Anbieter eine sinnvolle Alternative sein.
Visualizing Production of Beta Interferon by Astrocytes and Microglia in Brain of La Crosse Virus-Infected Mice

ABSTRACT Beta interferon (IFN-β) is a major component of innate immunity in mammals, but information on the in vivo source of this cytokine after pathogen infection is still scarce. To identify the cell types responsible for IFN-β production during viral encephalitis, we used reporter mice that express firefly luciferase under the control of the IFN-β promoter and stained organ sections with luciferase-specific antibodies. Numerous luciferase-positive cells were detected in regions of La Crosse virus (LACV)-infected mouse brains that contained many infected cells. Double-staining experiments with cell-type-specific markers revealed that similar numbers of astrocytes and microglia of infected brains were luciferase positive, whereas virus-infected neurons rarely contained detectable levels of luciferase. Interestingly, if a mutant LACV unable of synthesizing the IFN-antagonistic factor NSs was used for challenge, the vast majority of the IFN-β-producing cells in infected brains were astrocytes rather than microglia. Similar conclusions were reached in a second series of experiments in which conditional reporter mice expressing the luciferase reporter gene solely in defined cell types were infected with wild-type or mutant LACV. Collectively, our data suggest that glial cells rather than infected neurons represent the major source of IFN-β in LACV-infected mouse brains. They further indicate that IFN-β synthesis in astrocytes and microglia is differentially affected by the viral IFN antagonist, presumably due to differences in LACV susceptibility of these two cell types.
A Preliminary Study on Minimum Spanning Tree Algorithm Approach for Travelling Salesman Problem

Much attention has be drawn by the Travelling salesman problem lately as it is one of the problem in mathematics and computer science which although is easy to understand but very difficult to solve. In this paper, a preliminary study is undertaken to construct a minimum spanning tree algorithm to approximately solve the TSP. An implementation of the travelling salesman problem using a modified pure minimum spanning tree algorithm is also presented. The propose algorithm provides an evaluation of the cost of a round trip and it executes in practical time. The algorithm verifies from a constructed tour and presents a shortcut path to all destinations. The proposed approach performance is benchmark with a case study.
Concurrent validity and reliability of the Simple Goniometer iPhone app compared with the Universal Goniometer

ABSTRACT Objectives: The aim of this study was to assess the concurrent validity and reliability of the Simple Goniometer (SG) iPhone® app compared to the Universal Goniometer (UG). Design: Within subject comparison design comparing the UG with the SG app. Setting: James Cook University, Townsville, Queensland, Australia. Participants: Thirty-six volunteer participants, with a mean age of 60.6 years (SD 6.2). Interventions: Not applicable. Main outcome measure: Thirty-six participants performed three standing lunges during which the knee joint angle was measured with the SG app and the UG. Results: There were no significant differences in the measures of individual knee joint angles between the UG and the SG app. Pearson correlations of 0.96–0.98 and intraclass correlation coefficients of 0.97–0.99 (95% confidence interval: 0.95–1.00) were recorded for all measures. Using the Bland–Altman method, the standard error of the mean of the differences and the standard deviation of the mean of the differences were low. Conclusion: The measurements from the SG iPhone® app were reliable and possessed concurrent validity for this sample and protocol when compared to the UG.
Mathematical Programming Models for Optimizing Partial-Order Plan Flexibility

A partial-order plan (POP) compactly encodes a set of sequential plans that can be dynamically chosen by an agent at execution time. One natural measure of the quality of a POP is its flexibility, which is defined to be the total number of sequential plans it embodies (i.e., its linearizations). As this criteria is hard to optimize, existing work has instead optimized proxy functions that are correlated with the number of linearizations. In this paper, we develop and strengthen mixed-integer linear programming (MILP) models for three proxy functions: two from the POP literature and a third novel function based on the temporal flexibility criteria from the scheduling literature. We show theoretically and empirically that none of the three proxy measures dominate the others in terms of number of sequential plans. Compared to the state-of-the-art MaxSAT model for the problem, we empirically demonstrate that two of our MILP models result in equivalent or slightly better solution quality with savings of approximately one order of magnitude in computation time.
Database Transaction Models for Advanced Applications

We may not be able to make you love reading, but database transaction models for advanced applications will lead you to love reading starting from now. Book is the window to open the new world. The world that you want is in the better stage and level. World will always guide you to even the prestige stage of the life. You know, this is some of how reading will give you the kindness. In this case, more books you read more knowledge you know, but it can mean also the bore is full.
Commentary on Galletly et al. (2016), The Royal Australian and New Zealand College of Psychiatrists clinical practice guidelines for the management of schizophrenia and related disorders

Australian & New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry, 51(3) these children are at risk of both inter nalizing and externalizing disorders and attentional and learning difficulties. They are also at increased risk of developing schizophrenia. The high risk of impaired parenting together with the importance of the early infant–caregiver relationship for later child development means that assessment of parenting capacity must be a key part of antenatal and early postnatal care, and the possible need for involvement of child protection services should be actively considered. This assessment should take into account whether the woman’s partner or another support such as her mother may be able to provide assistance and support with parenting. Clinicians should ensure that these issues have been carefully considered, and when there are doubts about parenting capacity, they should facilitate a comprehensive review of mother–infant interaction and infant development. Australian and international data suggest that around 50% of women with schizophrenia will have involvement with child protection services in the perinatal period (Nguyen et al., 2012), and around 40% of children of women with schizophrenia will be placed in out of home care at some time during their childhood (Ranning et al., 2015). The management of women with schizophrenia who are planning to become pregnant, who are pregnant or who are new mothers are clinically complex tasks. In order to provide comprehensive guidance, we suggest that the college now develop a detailed clinical practice guideline for the management of schizophrenia and related disorders in women during the perinatal period.