Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
CoCo 2016 Participant : CSÎ ho 0 . 2 ∗

Higher-order rewriting combines standard, first-order rewriting with notions and concepts from the λ-calculus, resulting in rewriting systems with higher-order functions and bound variables. CSÎ ho is a tool for automatically proving confluence of such higher-order systems, specifically pattern rewrite systems (PRSs) as introduced by Nipkow [3, 5]. The restriction to pattern left-hand sides is essential for obtaining decidability of unification and thus makes it possible to compute critical pairs. To this end CSÎ ho implements a version of Nipkow’s algorithm for higher-order pattern unification [6]. CSÎ ho is built on top of CSI [9], a powerful confluence prover for first-order term rewrite systems. It is available from http://cl-informatik.uibk. ac.at/software/csi/ho/. Using CSI as foundation, CSÎ ho inherits many of its attractions, in particular a strategy language, which allows for flexible configuration of the proof search. CSÎ ho supports the following techniques:
Lingual Frenulum and Obstructive Sleep Apnea in Children

C l i n M e d International Library Citation: Huang YS, Quo S, Berkowski JA, Guilleminault C (2015) Short Lingual Frenulum and Obstructive Sleep Apnea in Children. Int J Pediatr Res 1:003 Received: January 27, 2015: Accepted: April 06, 2015: Published: April 08, 2015 Copyright: © 2015 Huang YS. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. Huang et al. Int J Pediatr Res 2015, 1:1
Consumer Judgment of Food Labels: How Front of Pack Promotions Influences Choice Behaviour, Views of Nutritional Content, Judgments of Healthiness, and Willingness to Pay Estimates

Objective: The aim of the present study was to examine the potential bias of front-of-pack promotions on consumer choice behaviour and judgments. Design: Using a between-subjects design, participants were randomly allocated to one of four conditions: (i) Baseline, (ii) Premium offers, (iii) Celebrity Endorsement, (iv) Nutritional Content Claims. In the three experimental conditions the promoted product was always the objectively unhealthy item compared to the non-promoted alternative (Baseline). In all conditions participants were asked to choose between two items (endorsed vs. non-endorsed), choose if they wanted to see the objective nutritional information of each, estimate the healthiness of the product they choose, as well as the amount they would be willing to pay for it. Setting: Participants were recruited via an online crown sourcing social science platform Prolific Academic. Subjects: Participants were UK nationals living in the UK, with English as their first language, aged between 18-74 years (n 481; 60% female). Results: Compared to the other three conditions, Celebrity endorsement of unhealthy options were selected more often, for which participants were more likely to erroneously judge their choices as healthier than the baseline, and willing to pay more for them, and for Nutritional Content Claims promotions. Conclusion: The present study supports and extends current work by demonstrating that, independent of viewing objective nutritional content, front-of-pack promotions not only strongly influences choice behavior, but also biases judgments of the healthiness of products and how much would be paid for them.
DOSE-DEPENDENT EFFECTS OF TAURINE IN ACUTE RESTRAINT STRESS-INDUCE HAEMATOLOGICAL ALTERATIONS IN WISTAR RATS

The aim of this study was to investigate the effect s of taurine administration (100, 200 and 400 mg/kg ) on haematological parameters in Wistar rats subjected to acute restraint stress (ARS) (1 hr/day for 14 day s). Thirty adult Wistar rats were divided into five gro ups of six rats each; unstressed control group (USC) that received distilled water 1 ml/kg, restraint stresse d control group (RSC) that received distilled water 1 ml/kg, restraint stressed group (RS) that received taurine 100 mg/kg, restraint stressed group (RS) that receiv d taurine 200 mg/kg and restraint stressed group (RS) that received taurine 400 mg/kg. Taurine was administered once daily by oral gavage. At the end of the 14 days, the rats were sacrificed and blood sample was collected via intra-cardiac route; 2.5 ml blood was taken from each animal for blood analysis. Tot al white blood count (WBC), differential white blood cel l count, platelet count, Packed cell volume (PCV), haemoglobin concentration (Hb), red blood cell coun t (RBC), erythrocyte indices, and erythrocyte osmotic fragility (EOF) test were determined. Results showed that, platelets count significantly (P < 0.05) inc reased at taurine 200 mg/kg. There was significant (P < 0. 05) increase in WBC and neutrophil counts at taurine 400 mg/kg. However there was significant (P < 0.05) dec reases in lymphocyte count in the taurine treated g roups. The neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio showed no significa nt (P > 0.05) difference in the groups. In conclusi on taurine at doses of 200 and 400 mg/kg significantly increased platelets and WBC counts respectively in restraint-stressed Wistar rats.
RESONANCE PHENOMENA OVER A BROAD RANGE OF BEAM INTENSITIES IN AN ELECTRON STORAGE RING ∗

The University of Maryland Electron Ring (UMER) can operate over a broader range of beam intensities than other circular machines. Naturally, transverse and longitudinal space charge effects limit the ability to store beams. In UMER, the resonance properties of the machine in the two regimes of operation, emittanceand space chargedominated transport, differ significantly. We report on experiments at 10 keV, with beams from 0.6 mA to 23 mA, corresponding to theoretical space charge incoherent tune shifts well over the Lasslet limit.
Difficulties in a dimensional description of symptomatology.

The difficulties in a dimensional approach to the description of patient symptomatology, in the case of psychotic illnesses, arise from the fact that many symptoms are of rare incidence, while the more common symptoms tend to be recorded only when they are present to an extent which is thought to be pathological. Nevertheless, variables 1 to 23 in Table I, which may be called the neurotic variables , show considerable variability in both the schizophrenic and affective psychotic samples (see Tables II and IV) and these variables give rise to one clear dimension of variability namely the factor retarded depression , and two other group factors (see Tables III and V). These factors could be defined with some rigour if the neurotic variables had a `lower floor'. We may take the first variable, namely worry , again as an example. Instead of scoring worry of a pathological kind only, a psychiatrist might feel able to extend the scale of this variable to include indications of worry below the pathological level. In some measure he does reach a low floor on other variables, as the distributions of numbers 2 and 11, namely tension and low self-opinion , in Table IV shows. Given lower floors the distributions of the neurotic variables would more closely approach normality, and the factors derived from them could then be defined with greater precision. But the possibility of defining in any acceptable sense dimensions in terms of the psychotic variables, namely 25 to 44 in Table I, is extremely remote. These variables are too limited and restricted in range. In passing, we may recall (Maxwell, 1971) that even if it were possible to describe patients' symptomatology adequately in terms of dimensions this would not contribute to a typology or classification of patients, for all patients would have scores on all dimensions and for each dimension the distribution of scores would tend strongly to normality, with the majority of patients clustering round the mean. In view of the partial success reached by Everitt, Gourlay and Kendell in validating currently used typologies by means of a cluster analysis, and the main conclusion reached in this study that the covariation between the neurotic variables can be accounted for largely by one dominant and a few group factors, Torgerson's suggestion, stated in our introduction, is borne out (if we overlook the fact that it is in part a non-sequitur). But it is not the full story, since rare symptoms of a psychotic type are not amenable to a dimensional description and have a fragmenting effect on a typological system.
Correlation Between the Mechanical Cycling Behavior and Microstructure in Laser Welded Joints Using NiTi Shape Memory Alloys

The demand of emerging joining techniques for shape memory alloys has become of great importance, as their functional properties, namely shape memory effect and superelasticity, present unique solutions for state‐of‐the‐art applications. Literature shows that significant efforts have been conducted on laser welding of these alloys, although very limited results concerning mechanical properties are reported. In this study, the main objective was to correlate the microstructure of similar NiTi welds with its mechanical behavior. A set of cycling tests was used in order to analyze the superelastic behavior of the welds. Also, shape memory effect was evaluated by means of a bending and free‐recovery test. X‐ray diffraction analysis allowed to identify the existing phases in the base material, heat affected zone and fusion zone. SEM images of fracture surfaces were also analyzed. It was observed the superelastic behavior of the welds during the mechanical tests. Also shape memory effect was shown to exist on welded samples even after cycling. X‐ray diffraction showed a microstructural gradient across the samples. The welding parameters influence the mechanical behavior under cycling of the welds. In particular, there is a specific range of values of heat input introduced during welding that allow obtaining a good mechanical behavior under cycling of the welds.
INTERNATIONAL UNION OF PURE AND APPLIED CHEMISTRY PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY DIVISION COMMISSION ON COLLOID AND SURFACE CHEMISTRY* Subcommittee on Characterization of Porous Solids RECOMMENDATIONS FOR THE CHARACTERIZATION OF POROUS SOLIDS

These recommendations aim to be a tool for the selection and appraisal of the methods of characterization of porous solids, and to also give the warnings and guidelines on which the experts generally agree. For this purpose, they successively consider the description of a porous solid (definitions, terminology), the principal methods available (stereology , radiation scattering, pycnometry, adsorption, intrusion, suction, maximum buble pressure, fluid flow, immersion or adsorption calorimetry, thermoporometry , size exclusion chromatography, Xenon NMR and ultrasonic methods) and finally the general principles which are worth being followed in the selection of the appropriate method.
Contextual Bricks Creating an Intelligent Sensing Interface

Based on the importance of human behavior analysis in HCI research, this paper discusses the property of interaction in sending/receiving direction with diverse cases. A unit of contextual bricks was created as research model continuing to discover the possible solution on the problem that how to merge the novel media and technology into our living space invisibly with the exhibition of appropriate information. The prototype of contextual bricks preserved the characteristic of stability with cellular hexagonal structure, and each unit was designed with communicable construction. The people could get the contextual information from other spaces as seeing through the walls. In the future study, the contextual bricks have good applied possibility and developments in each kind of areas.
Etiology of atopy in infancy: The KOALA Birth Cohort Study

The aim of the KOALA Birth Cohort Study in the Netherlands is to identify factors that influence the clinical expression of atopic disease with a main focus on lifestyle (e.g., anthroposophy, vaccinations, antibiotics, dietary habits, breastfeeding and breast milk composition, intestinal microflora composition, infections during the first year of life, and gene–environment interaction). The recruitment of pregnant women started in October 2000. First, participants with ‘conventional lifestyles’ (n = 2343) were retrieved from an ongoing prospective cohort study (n = 7020) on pregnancy‐related pelvic girdle pain. In addition, pregnant women (n = 491) with ‘alternative lifestyles’ with regard to child rearing practices, dietary habits (organic, vegetarian), vaccination schemes and/or use of antibiotics, were recruited through organic food shops, anthroposophic doctors and midwives, Steiner schools, and dedicated magazines. All participants were enrolled between 14 and 18 wk of gestation and completed an intake questionnaire on family history of atopy and infant care intentions. Documentation of other relevant variables started in the pregnant mother and covered the first and third trimester as well as early childhood by repeated questionnaires at 14–18, 30, and 34 wk of gestation and 3, 7, 12, and 24 months post‐partum. A subgroup of participants, including both conventional and alternative lifestyles, was asked to consent to maternal blood sampling, breast milk and a faecal sample of the infant at 1 month post‐partum, capillary blood at age 1 yr, venous blood and observation of manifestation of atopic dermatitis during home visits at the age of 2 yr (using the UK working party criteria and the severity scoring of atopic dermatitis index), and buccal swabs for DNA isolation from child–parent trios. From the start, ethical approval and informed consent procedures included gene–environment interaction studies. Follow‐up at 3 and 7 months post‐partum was completed with high response rates (respectively 90% and 88% in the conventional group, and 97% and 97% in the alternative group). The home visits at 2 yr of age will be completed in 2005. Preliminary results show that we have succeeded in recruiting a large population with various lifestyle choices with a fairly large contrast with regard to dietary habits (including organic foods, vegetarian diet), vaccination schemes and/or use of antibiotics. We have also been able to collect a large number of faecal samples (n = 1176) and capillary blood samples at age 1 yr (n = 956). Furthermore, a large proportion of the participants have consented with genetic studies. Mid 2006 we expect to report our first results on the relationship between the various exposures in early life and childhood atopy. An outline of the focus and design of the KOALA Birth Cohort Study is presented.
EMIS Information Systems Audit on the Timor-Leste Education Ministry with a COBIT4. 1 Framework

An information system is one of the factors of success of an organization. Using information technology maximally will help stakeholders in providing an optimal policy in an organization. The goal of this research is to find out the management of the EMIS information system reviewed from the COBIT framework and the level of maturity in using the EMIS Information System that is measured with a maturity level. A qualitative research method is used in this research along with statements in the COBIT 4.1 guidelines to analyze the problem deeply. The research results show that the EMIS subdivision has applied procedures that are outlined in the domain of COBIT 4.1, which is proven with the level of managed maturity in the information management process in the four domains, even though this subdivision does not possess controlled standard guidelines in the information processing.
Effect of miR-146 a on glioma cell line proliferation in targeted-regulating MIF gene

It is reported that miR-146a is associated with various tumors. However, its specific effect on glioma has not yet been studied. This paper is to explore the effect of miR-146a on glioma. RT-PCR method was used to detect the expression of miR-146a in neurogliocytoma tissue and corresponding non-tumor normal tissue, as well as in neurogliocytoma cell strain and neurogliocyte in normal people. IHC was used to detect the expression of MIF in neurogliocytoma tissue and corresponding non-tumor normal tissue. Relationship between MIF and miR-146a was detected with the luciferase reporter gene. Cell jamming technology was adopted, by which, miR-146a mimics and miR-146a negative control (NC) were transferred into cell line of neurogliocytoma for detecting the expressions of MIF mRNA and proteins. MTT method was used to detect cell viability and cloning experiments to detect the proliferative potential of cells. The expression quantity of miR-146a in neurogliocytoma tissue was lower than that in corresponding non-tumor normal tissue. The miR-146a in cell line of neurogliocytoma was lower than that in normal neuroglia tissue and the expression quantity in U87 was appropriate. The expression of MIF proteins in neurogliocytoma tissue was higher than that in corresponding non-tumor normal tissue. And luciferase reporter gene had verified that MIF was the downstream target gene of miR-146a and transferred to U87 cell by liposome. miR-146a shows low expressions in neurogliocytoma tissue and cell line, while MIF shows over expressions in neurogliocytoma tissue. The miR-146a expression can be up-regulated by targeted inhibiting the MIF expression, accordingly, to inhibit the proliferation of neurogliocytoma.
Comparison of exercise versus sport participation motives among Filipino university students

Despite the many documented benefits of exercise and physical activity on physical and psychological health, only a small percentage of Filipinos engages in regular exercise according to national surveys. Regular participation in leisure-time physical activities, such as exercise and sport, is positively associated with reduced anxiety and depression, enhanced mood and improved psychological well-being. Earlier studies have demonstrated that different motives may operate behind participation in various types of physical activity such as exercise (physical activity that is volitional, purposive and requires simple motor skills) versus sport (physical activity that is usually competitive, has organized rules and requires complex motor skills). In order to extend existing literature on sport and exercise psychology in the Philippine setting, motives for exercise participation versus sport engagement of Filipino university students were examined. Specifically, three hypotheses were tested: (1) That health and fitness motives are more associated with exercise than sport; (2) That motives concerning weight management and appearance are related more to exercise than sport, and (3) Motives related to social engagement figure in participation in sport more than in exercise. One hundred ninety-four university students from Metro Manila, Philippines completed two versions of the Exercise Motivation Inventory 2 (EMI-2, Kilpatrick et al. 2005, Markland & Ingledew 1997) to differentiate motives for exercise versus for sport participation. All three hypotheses were supported. Furthermore, enjoyment appeared to be an important factor in sport engagement. Implications for program design and physical activity promotion among Filipinos are also discussed.
Theory & modeling of detonation wave stability : A brief look at the past and toward the future . †

A detonation is a form of propagating wave front that can occur in gaseous, liquid or solid explosives. It has a structure consisting of a lead shock which is sustained by chemical reaction in the flow downstream of the shock. In gaseous mixtures, detonation fronts tend to propagate in a highly unsteady manner, the most common illustration of which is the formation of spectacular fish-scale patterns on the walls of rectangular shock tubes lined with soot-covered aluminum foil (Fickett & Davis 1979). On the other hand, in condensed-phase explosives there is no definitive experimental evidence as to the fine-scale structure of propagating detonation fronts, and thus questions pertaining to their stability properties remain unanswered at present. Understanding and modeling the dynamics of the evolution of unstable detonation fronts is an essential part of any application that utilizes the rapid energy conversion rates of detonation waves for practical purposes, such as pulsed detonation engines for propulsion applications or precision directed energy release through shaped detonations in condensed phase explosives. The purpose of this talk is to give an overview of our current state of knowledge in the area of detonation wave stability theory. This abstract is a shortened and modified version of an extended review paper currently being written by the author in the area of detonation stability. In particular, due to space and time limitations, here we will concentrate on a summary of the results of a number of papers that have appeared since 1990, following a paper by Lee & Stewart (1990) on the normal mode analysis of the linear stability of planar ZND detonations that stimulated a renewed interest in the area. The list of results mentioned below is certainly not exhaustive, and no offence is intended by the omission of any one result. A more complete review will appear in the future. In the following, I will briefly review results from: formal linear stability theory for gas phase detonations with simple and multi-step reaction kinetics; asymptotic studies on the linear and nonlinear evolution of unstable detonation fronts based on various limiting cases (including slowly evolving, weakly curved approximations, as well as high-overdrive and weak heat release limits); and relationships between predictions of the linear stability analysis and direct numerical simulation of detonation wave evolution for pulsating and cellular instabilities. Finally, I will highlight some future challenges for detonation wave stability theory, including the need for different asymptotic approaches for resolving the practical issue of the evolution of Chapman-Jouguet detonations, analyses of detonation stability for full reaction chemistry, and the study of detonation in condensed-phase (high-explosive) systems.
All Silicon Waveguide Spherical Microcavity Device

The characterization of silicon microspheres coupled to Si waveguides at telecom wavelengths, on a Silicon-OnInsulator technology based chip, is presented. The transmittance signal through the waveguides is strongly attenuated (up to 25 dB) at some frequencies. This effect is attributed to the coupling of light to the micropheres at wavelengths corresponding to their Mie resonances. Keywordssilicon microspheres; microcavities; Silicon-OnInsulator technology; modal analysis; optical coupler; optical filter