Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Construire et évaluer une application de veille pour l'information sur les événements sismiques

RESUME. Le developpement d'applications operationnelles de veille pour des domaines speci- fiques necessite l'integration de nombreuses techniques et outils issus du champ de la recherche d'information et du traitement automatique des langues. Des lors, un des defis presidant a une telle integration est la prise en compte des limitations propres a chacune de ces techniques et outils en termes d'influence sur le resultat final du systeme. Plus precisement, nous pre- sentons dans cet article une application pour la surveillance des informations concernant les evenements sismiques sur le Web. Nous nous attachons a presenter les differents composants necessaires a une telle application, les solutions proposees pour ces differents composants et une evaluation independante de chacune de ces solutions ainsi qu'une analyse de leur influence sur le resultat global du systeme.
Molecular cloning and characterization of the recA gene of Rhizobium phaseoli and construction of recA mutants

The Rhizobium phaseoli recA gene has been cloned by interspecific complementation of the Fec phenotype of bacteriophage lambda. The cloned gene restored the recombination proficiency and conferred resistance to DNA-damaging agents (methyl methanesulfonate and nitrofurantoin) to an Escherichia coli recA mutant. The direction of transcription and the localization of the recA gene were determined by mutagenesis with phage MudIIPR13 and heterologous hybridization with an E. coli recA probe. An R. phaseoli recA::Spcr mutation was introduced in two R. phaseoli strains by homogenotization. The R. phaseoli recA mutants were more sensitive to DNA-damaging agents and exhibited a 100-fold reduction in recombination frequency as compared with their parental strains. A deletion of the symbiotic plasmid abolishing nodulation was found at high frequency (10(-2)) in R. phaseoli CNF42. This event was recA dependent. In R. phaseoli CFN285, two events of symbiotic instability were found at high frequency (10(-3]: one was a deletion in the symbiotic plasmid, and the other was the loss of whole symbiotic plasmid. In the CFN285 recA::Spcr mutant, only the loss of the symbiotic plasmid was observed.
Localized measurements of physical parameters within human sperm cells obtained with wide‐field interferometry

We developed a new method to identify the separate cellular compartments in the optical path delay (OPD) maps of un‐labeled spermatozoa. This was conducted by comparing OPD maps of fixed, un‐labeled spermatozoa to bright field images of the same cells following labeling. The labeling enabled us to identify the acrosomal and nuclear compartments in the corresponding OPD maps of the cells. We then extracted the refractive index maps of fixed cells by dividing the OPD maps of spermatozoa by the corresponding thickness maps of the same cells, obtained with AFM. Finally, the dry mass of the head, nucleus and acrosome of un‐labeled immobile spermatozoa, was measured. This method provides the ability to quantitatively measure the dry mass of cellular compartments within human spermatozoa. We expect that these measurements will assist label‐free selection of sperm cells for fertilization.
A Branch-and-Price Algorithm for Multistage Stochastic Integer Programming with Application to Stochastic Batch-Sizing Problems

In this paper, we present a branch-and-price method to solve special structured multistage stochastic integer programming problems. We validate our method on two different versions of a multistage stochastic batch-sizing problem (SBSP). One version adopts a recourse formulation, and the other is based on probabilistic constraints. Our algorithmic approach is applicable to both formulations. Our computational results suggest that both classes of problems can be solved using relatively few nodes of a branch-and-price tree. The success of our approach calls for extensions in methodology as well as applications.
Sofinicline: a novel nicotinic acetylcholine receptor agonist in the treatment of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder

Introduction: Psychostimulants are first-line treatments for attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), but their tolerability profiles and individual response variability fuel a continuing search for alternative medications. The observation that nicotinic agents improve cognition has led pharmaceutical companies to explore the potential utility of agonists of the nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (nAChR) system for ADHD treatments. Areas covered: This article reviews Phase I and Phase II trials of sofinicline (ABT-894), an agonist of the nAChR α4β2 subtype, as a potential non-stimulant treatment for ADHD. This includes one Phase II trial that compared sofinicline with atomoxetine, a noradrenergic reuptake inhibitor currently approved as a non-stimulant ADHD treatment. This article also reviews the chemistry, pharmacodynamics and pharmacokinetics of sofinicline. Expert opinion: Sofinicline appears to be well tolerated and showing efficacy similar to that of atomoxetine. Although the number of patients studied to date is small, further evaluation of sofinicline in Phase II, and possibly Phase III, trials appears to be warranted. Additional studies are needed to explore the efficacy and tolerability of sofinicline with respect to: i) optimal dosing; ii) its use in combination with other medications for ADHD; and iii) its use in children and adolescents, who more commonly experience adverse effects when taking psychostimulant medications.
Views for : NeuroD 1 reprograms chromatin and transcription factor landscapes to induce the neuronal program

Cell fate decisions require the deployment of distinct transcriptional programs – how this is controlled and orchestrated is a key question from basic developmental biology to regenerative medicine. In this issue of The EMBO Journal, Pataskar and Jung et al. (Pataskar et al, 2015) demonstrate how the transcription factor NeuroD1 acts genome-wide to elicit a specific neurogenic program, including differentiation and migration. Much of that activity is due to NeuroD1 acting as a pioneer factor. NeuroD1 is able to bind its targets within repressive chromatin and can induce a more open chromatin state amenable to cell-type specific regulation.
The Study of Body Composition and Waist-to-hip Ratio of Women among Different Age Groups

Purpose: To investigate and evaluate the body composition and waist-to-hip ratio (WHR) of women among different age groups. Methods: 60 women aged 30-80 years old were randomly selected and divided into five different age groups: 3140 y (12 persons, abbreviated as number), 41-50 y (14), 51-60 y (12), 61-70 y (12) and 71-80 y (10). The subjects’ body composition and WHR were measured. Body composition analysis was conducted using the InBody 220 body composition analyzer. Data analysis was conducted using the SPSS statistical software for Windows 12.0. Independent one-way ANOVA was used as the statistical method at a significance level (á) of . 05, followed by the Scheffé’s method as post hoc. Results: Statistical analyses showed that there were no significant difference in the body mass index (BMI) and body fat mass (BFM) of women among the different age groups. However, significant differences are noted in the WHR, water, protein, and mineral mass of women from different were groups. Conclusions: (1) Water, protein, and mineral mass decreases with age, while body fat mass remains the same or accumulates in the body. (2) Age was found to be proportional to WHR in women. With increasing central adiposity and a declining muscle mass, women start to develop an “apple shaped” body type, increasing the possibility and risks of developing cardiovascular disease.
A Survey on Mismatching and Aging of PV Modules: The Closed Loop

In this paper, the different aging mechanisms taking place in photovoltaic modules are discussed, and the cause-effect links, which exist among such mechanisms, are evidenced. It is also shown that a closed-loop link exists between aging and mismatching since aging (which is nonuniform by its nature) causes mismatching among cells, whereas mismatching, in turn, mainly due to its thermal effects, leads to nonuniform aging.
Inactivation of foot-and-mouth disease virus vaccine strains by activation of virus-associated endonuclease.

A new inactivation process for foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV) has been developed. This process is based on the activation of the FMDV endonuclease by incubation of unfractionated viral suspension or purified virions at 37 degrees C in the presence of high concentrations of monovalent cations such as K+, Cs+ or NH4+ at pH 8.5. This procedure completely inactivated several FMDV vaccine strains yielding preparations having similar amounts of 140S particles to untreated controls. The inactivation followed first-order kinetics and the rate of inactivation was faster than that achieved with other agents, e.g. binary ethyleneimine. Testing in suckling mice or tissue culture revealed no residual infectivity after inactivation. Virus particles purified from inactivated preparations showed (i) the same sedimentation coefficient as non-inactivated preparations, (ii) electrophoretic patterns of their viral capsid proteins identical to those derived from non-inactivated preparations, and (iii) extensive degradation of the 35S viral RNA. This method is safer than inactivation with aziridines because only innocuous chemicals are used in the process.
Parvovirus B19 infection during pregnancy and risks to the fetus

Parvovirus B19 infects 1 to 5% of pregnant women, generally with normal pregnancy outcomes. During epidemics, the rate of infection is higher. Major congenital anomalies among offspring of infected mothers are rare, as the virus does not appear to be a significant teratogen. However, parvovirus B19 infection may cause significant fetal damage, and in rare cases, brain anomalies and neurodevelopmental insults, especially if infection occurs in the first 20 weeks of pregnancy. Parvovirus B19 is also an important cause of fetal loss, especially in the second half of pregnancy when spontaneous fetal loss from other causes is relatively rare. Parvovirus B19 infection may affect many fetal organs and can cause severe anemia, following fetal erythroid progenitor cells infection and apoptosis, especially in fetuses, that have shortened half‐life of erythrocytes. Severe anemia may cause high output cardiac failure and nonimmune hydrops fetalis. In addition, parvovirus B19 may directly infect myocardial cells and produce myocarditis that further aggravates the cardiac failure. Intrauterine fetal transfusion is commonly used for the treatment of severe fetal anemia with survival rates of 75 to 90% and significant reduction of fetal morbidity. Only 66 cases were evaluated neurodevelopmentally, of which 10 (16%) had slight or severe neurodevelopmental problems. Because parvovirus B19 infection can cause severe fetal morbidity and mortality, it should be part of the routine work‐up of pregnant women who have been exposed to the virus or of pregnancies with suspected fetal hydrops. Assessment for maternal infection during pregnancy is especially important during epidemics, when sero‐conversion rates are high. Birth Defects Research 109:311–323, 2017. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Maintenance of a Spanning Tree For Dynamic Graphs by Mobile Agents and Local Computations

The problem of constructing and maintaining a spanning tree in dynamic networks is important in distributed systems. Trees are essential structures in various communication protocols such as information broadcasting, routing, etc. In a distributed computing environment, the solution of this problem has many practical motivations. To make designing distributed algorithm easier, we model this latter with a local computation model. Based on the mobile agent paradigm, we present in this paper a distributed algorithm that maintain a hierarchical spanning tree in dynamic networks. We study all topological events that may affect the structure of the spanning tree: we address the appearance and the disappearance of places and communication channels.
Diffusing capacity and pulmonary capillary blood flow at hyperbaric pressures.

tissue in milliliters (VT) was measured by plotting the acetylene disappearance with different times of breath holding in each subject (4). The concentrations of neon, carbon monoxide, and acetylene were approximately constant in the inspired mixture, being 0.5%, 0.4%, and 0.5%, respectively, with a balance of oxygen and nitrogen. Four separate inspired mixtures were employed in which the oxygen concentrations were 6%, 21%, 60%, and 98%o. By breathing different concentrations of oxygen for a few breaths followed by a breath of one of the inspired mixtures described, the alveolar oxygen tension of the subject during the breath holding period could be varied at will. Neon, carbon monoxide, acetylene, and carbon dioxide
Trophoblastic Disease Review for Diagnosis and Management: A Joint Report From the International Society for the Study of Trophoblastic Disease, European Organisation for the Treatment of Trophoblastic Disease, and the Gynecologic Cancer InterGroup

Objective The objective of this study was to provide a consensus review on gestational trophoblastic disease diagnosis and management from the combined International Society for the Study of Trophoblastic Disease, European Organisation for the Treatment of Trophoblastic Disease, and the Gynecologic Cancer InterGroup. Methods A joint committee representing various groups reviewed the literature obtained from PubMed searches. Results and Conclusions Guidelines were constructed on the basis of literature review. After initial diagnosis in local centers, centralization of pathology review and ongoing care is recommended to achieve the best outcomes.
The physician-patient relationship as a game of strategic information transmission.

We show that the intuition underlying the supplier-induced demand (SID) hypothesis is reflected in the cheap-talk literature from game theory, and in the credence-good literature from the economics of information. Applying these theories, we conclude that a neoclassical version of the SID hypothesis is only relevant for treatment decisions involving an expensive treatment that is equally effective in curing several states, but efficient in curing only some of these states (in that a cheaper treatment is efficient otherwise). For a simple game involving such a treatment decision, we show that a Nash equilibrium exists where the patient is able to constrain the physician in inducing demand, without the market for the potentially induced treatment failing. This equilibrium allows us to derive comparative statistics and welfare results.
Lumbar Epidural Injections : Review of Efficacy and Discussion of Practice Options

Background: In the United States, low back pain remains a common problem and a number one reason to see a physician in the outpatient setting. Etiology is complex and likely multifactorial and includes; degenerative disc disease, zygapophysial joint arthritis, vertebral misalignment, muscle strain, ligament sprain, myofascial pain, among others. Based on evidence of increased inflammatory response in disc herniation and degenerative discs, epidural steroid injections (ESI) have been used to treat lumbosacral radicular pain. Objective: To focus on the appropriate use of lumbar ESI in treating lumbosacral radicular pain in the United States, comparing and contrasting transforaminal, interlaminar, and caudal approaches for steroid delivery, as well as a comparison of commonly used steroid preparations. Methods: PubMED, MEDLINE, and OVID databases were reviewed utilizing the following subject headings: low back pain, epidural steroid injections, transforaminal epidural steroid injections (TFESI), interlaminar epidural steroid injections (ILESI), and caudal epidural steroid injections (CESI) dated from 2000 to 2014. The bibliographies of major articles and reviews were also cross-referenced for additional sources. Results: A number of articles that included randomized control trials, comprehensive and systematic reviews, and meta-analyses were found. These provided a broad, detailed overview of the subject, that we used to explore the data surrounding use of ESI for treatment of lumbosacral radicular pain. Conclusions: Most agree that the evidence for epidural steroid injection efficacy is strongest for short term relief of lumbosacral radicular pain. Most of the systemic reviews have agreed that the strongest evidence for TFESI use is for relief of unilateral lumbosacral radicular pain. The evidence suggests using ILESI in patients with bilateral and/ or multi-level lumbosacral radicular pain. The data correlates efficacy of CESI in low level bilateral or multilevel lumbosacral radicular pain as well as in patients with history of lumbar surgery.
RF MEMS resonators: Material properties extraction

Analytical formula for the resonance frequencies of circular, square, and hexagonal MEMS resonators are extracted based on the analytical model for extensional vibrations of MEMS resonators [1]. Material properties for the MEMS resonators are then extracted based on the analytical formula. Experimental measurement is done to extract the material properties of single crystal silicon MEMS resonators to verify the extraction method.
Astrocyte Modulation of Neurotoxic Injury

Astrocytes produce trophic factors, regulate neurotransmitter and ion concentrations, and remove toxins and debris from the extracellular space of the CNS, maintaining an extracellular milieu that is optimally suited for neuronal function. Consequently, astrocytic functional impairments, as well as physiological reactions of astrocytes to injury have the potential to induce and/or exacerbate neuronal dysfunction. This mini‐review showcases contemporary evidence provoking reformulation of concepts of the inter‐dependence between astrocytes and neurons and advances several mechanisms used by astrocytes in potentiating or nullifying the final pathway of neuropathologic injury. Though clearly possessing an array of protective systems and upregulating a large number of protective molecules in response to xenobiotic exposure, recent evidence also invokes astrocytes in secondary amplification of cell injury in multiple neurodegenerative disorders.
Biography of biophenols: past, present and future

Background: The term “biophenols” was first coined by Romeo and Uccella in 1996 to denote bioactive phenols in olives replacing the more common and less chemically accurate term “polyphenols”. “Biophenols” has started gaining popularity beyond olive chemistry and currently used by researchers to refer to plant phenols in general. Biophenols constitute the largest group of secondary plant metabolites with ubiquitous presence in plants and wide spectrum of biological activities. During the last three decades, biophenols have seized scientific attention, lured industry and attracted consumers’ interest due to their antioxidative potential in preservation of food and maintaining human health. For the first time, a definition for “biophenols” has been proposed to present a more precise and comprehensive umbrella term to encompass all phenolic compounds of botanical origin. In this article, the author is tracing the landmarks of the history of biophenol research; profiling contemporary research directions; highlighting research controversies and uncertainties; and presenting an outlook of the biophenols future research.
NUMBER 94 SEPTEMBER 2010 7 – 14 Dependency Parsing as a Sequence Labeling Task

The aim of this paper is to explore the feasibility of solving the dependency parsing problem using sequence labeling tools. We introduce an algorithm to transform a dependency tree into a tag sequence suitable for a sequence labeling algorithm and evaluate several parameter settings on the standard treebank data. We focus mainly on Czech, as a high-inflective freeword-order language, which is not so easy to parse using traditional techniques, but we also test our approach on English for comparison.
The Modulation of Hepatic Injury and Heat Shock Expression by Inhibition of Inducible Nitric Oxide Synthase After Hemorrhagic Shock

The role of nitric oxide (NO) in maintaining homeostasis and regulating organ function during hemorrhagic shock is complex. The inducible NO synthase (iNOS) has been hypothesized to play a critical role in the pathophysiologic consequences of severe hemorrhage. Heat shock protein (HSP) expression is increased by hemorrhage and is a marker of the magnitude of ischemic injury in the liver. HSP induction is protective against injury in animal models of inflammation and is regulated by NO in hepatocytes. To clarify the role of iNOS in hepatic injury and its relationship to HSP expression in hemorrhagic shock, NOS was inhibited with L-N-6-(1-iminoethyl) lysine (L-NIL), which is reported to be a selective inhibitor of the inducible NOS isoform. Doses of 50 &mgr;g/kg or 150 &mgr;g/kg were infused over 1 h at the end of compensated shock. Plasma ornithine carbamoyltransferase (OCT), a specific marker of liver injury, was significantly reduced after hemorrhage with low-dose L-NIL (7.1 ± 1.5 IU/L) compared to saline-treated control rats (13.0 ± 1.5 IU/L, P < 0.005), while high-dose L-NIL significantly increased OCT release (35.9 ± 7.2 IU/L, P < 0.05 versus shock alone) despite a greater MAP after resuscitation. HSP expression (HSP-72 and HSP-32) after hemorrhage was increased by L-NIL treatment at the highest dose. We conclude that excessive NO production from iNOS contributes to shock-induced hepatic injury. Our data suggest HSP expression may reflect the degree of ischemic injury after hemorrhage.
Scintillation detectors for x-rays

Recent research in the field of phosphor and scintillator materials and related detectors is reviewed. After a historical introduction the fundamental issues are explained regarding the interaction of x-ray radiation with a solid state. Crucial parameters and characteristics important for the performance of these materials in applications, including the employed measurement methods, are described. Extended description of the materials currently in use or under intense study is given. Scintillation detector configurations are further briefly overviewed and selected applications are mentioned in more detail to provide an illustration.
Eliminate false peak of Burg spectrum estimation based on EMD

First, the false peak of Burg Spectrum estimation is introduced. In this paper, a new method of eliminating false peak based on Empirical Mode Decomposition is proposed. Secondly, this new method is used in the Line spectrum analysis of ship radiated noise simulation signal. Compared with traditional Linear Spectrum analysis, it is a better method for signal analysis and processing.
Experience with subcutaneous abatacept for rheumatoid arthritis: an update for clinicians

Abatacept is recommended by several expert consensus groups including the 2013 update of the EULAR recommendations for the pharmacologic management of rheumatoid arthritis (RA), as a potential choice for biologic therapy for patients with RA. Initially developed, studied, and approved as an intravenous (IV) formulation, abatacept is now also available as a subcutaneous (SC) injection. Having both options available makes abatacept a particularly versatile agent for the management of RA, greatly expanding the population of patients who could benefit from this treatment. This review provides a summary of the most important clinical trials that have investigated this molecule in both of its formulations, with a focus on the more recent trials evaluating the SC formulation, specifically the AMPLE study, the first major trial evaluating two biologic agents (abatacept and the tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-inhibitor adalimumab) in a head-to-head manner. In that study, SC abatacept was found to have an efficacy profile similar to that of SC adalimumab, both in combination with methotrexate.