Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Understanding why metal-on-metal hip arthroplasties fail: a comparison between patients with well-functioning and revised birmingham hip resurfacing arthroplasties. AAOS exhibit selection.

BACKGROUND A large proportion of metal-on-metal hip arthroplasty failures are due to unexplained pain. The mechanism of failure has been thought to be associated with factors that increase material loss, including specific design features and surgical positioning of components. However, recent evidence suggests that there is not a simple dose-response relationship. An analysis of failed metal-on-metal hip arthroplasties involving a single design was performed in an attempt to help resolve this issue. Our aim was to identify the clinical and component variables associated with failure of metal-on-metal hip arthroplasties, particularly in patients undergoing revision arthroplasty because of unexplained hip pain, and to clarify the role of material loss. METHODS We prospectively recruited fifty-five patients who were undergoing revision of a metal-on-metal Birmingham Hip Resurfacing System (BHR) arthroplasty (Smith & Nephew). We collected clinical data preoperatively, intraoperatively, and following the revision arthroplasty. Data included chromium and cobalt levels in whole blood, which were measured with use of inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICPMS), and component orientation, which was typically measured with use of computed tomography (CT) scans. The wear of the retrieved components was also quantified postoperatively. All parameters were compared with those in a comparable group of patients with a well-functioning BHR arthroplasty. RESULTS Sixty-nine percent of the patients who underwent revision arthroplasty did so following a diagnosis of unexplained hip pain. When compared with patients with a well-functioning arthroplasty, patients who underwent revision arthroplasty had a significantly higher acetabular cup inclination angle (p < 0.01), a significantly smaller femoral head diameter (p < 0.01), and significantly higher blood cobalt and chromium ion levels (p < 0.01). However, almost 50% of the patients who underwent revision arthroplasty had blood metal ion levels below the clinical threshold of 7 ppb and low component wear rates of <5 μm/year. CONCLUSIONS In a large number of patients with unexplained hip pain leading to revision of a metal-on-metal hip arthroplasty, the acetabular cup orientation was satisfactory and the material loss rate was low. We suspect that patient-specific factors may have been responsible for the failure in a large proportion of these patients.
Transformer-Based Uneven Doherty Power Amplifier in 90 nm CMOS for WLAN Applications

This paper presents a fully integrated transformer-based Doherty power amplifier in a standard 90 nm CMOS process. A novel asymmetrical series combining transformer is used to achieve uneven Doherty operation. The transformer-based uneven Doherty architecture is analyzed to further improve the back-off efficiency without linearity degradation. The fabricated two-stage uneven Doherty PA achieves a maximum output power of 26.3 dBm at 2.4 GHz with a peak power added efficiency (PAE) of 33% at 2 V supply voltage. The PAE at 6 dB back-off is still as high as 25.1%. The PA is tested with 54 Mbps WLAN 802.11g signal and it meets the stringent EVM and spectral mask requirements at 19.3 dBm average output power with a PAE of 22.9% with no need of predistortion. An open loop digital predistortion is applied to further improve the linearity. The PA satisfies WLAN requirements at 20.2 dBm average output power with a PAE of 24.7% with predistortion.
Proactive Content Caching for Mobile Video Utilizing Transportation Systems and Evaluation Through Field Experiments

In order to provide high-quality and highly reliable video delivery services for mobile users, especially train passengers, we propose a proactive content caching scheme that uses transportation systems. In our system, we place content servers with cache capability [e.g., content centric networking/named data networking (CCN/NDN)] in every train and station. Video segments encapsulated by MPEG-Dynamic Adaptive Streaming over HTTP (MPEG-DASH) are distributed and pre-cached by the station servers before the trains arrive at the stations. The trains receive content via high-speed wireless transport, such as wireless LANs or millimeter waves, when they stop at the stations. We developed prototype systems based on hypertext transfer protocol and CCN/NDN protocol, evaluate their performance through two field experiments that uses actual trains, and compare with traditional video streaming over cellular networks. Such evaluations indicate that our system can achieve high-quality video delivery without interruption for up to 50 users simultaneously.
A HISTOLOGICAL AND CHEMICAL STUDY OF THREE CASES OF DIFFUSE CEREBRAL SCLEROSIS

In 1950 Greenfield proposed a classification of the various forms of diffuse demyelinating sclerosis on the basis of pathognesis and tissue rea His classification may be restated, but with minor modification as follows: (1) Cases in which, histologically, the appearances are similar to those seen in disseminated sclerosis. Included in this group are cases with concentric demyelination of the Balo type and cases with perivascular islands of residual myelin as in Pelizaeus-Merzbacher's disease. (2) Cases in which the apparent products of myelin katabolism are predominantly metachromatic lipids. Included in this group are those in which there is associated degeneration of the interfascicular oligodendroglia (Greenfield, 1933; Brain and Greenfield, 1950) and those in which the oligodendroglia appear normal in histological perparations (Norman, 1947). (3) Cases in which, histologically, the myelin is replaced partly by neutral fat and partly by some chemical substance which excites an " epithelioid " cell or " globoid " body reaction. Such a condition was first described by Krabbe (1916). (4) Cases which. in the nreyent state of our knowledge, do not fi int above grouus. It-will be n at in the above classification no emphasis is placed upon the familial or nonfamilial natule of the disorders or upon the age Qf ea _eIts. This paper records the results of histological and chemical examinations in three cases diagnosed on macroscopic examination as diffuse cerebral sclerosis. These findings are discussed in so far as they are related to pathogenesis and to the place to be occupied by each in the above classification. The cases were: A, a case with "spongy degeneration" of the cerebral white matter (Canavan); B, a case with perivascular islands of residual myelin (Pelizaeus-Merzbacher); C, a case with numerous " globoid " bodies or " epithelioid" cells in the white matter (Krabbe). Histological Methods Various portions from the brains (and the spinal cord in case A), which had been fixed in formol saline were embedded and stained by the following methods: + CeHloidin Sections. -Anderson's iron haematoxylin and van Gieson, Mallory's phosphotungstic acid haematoxylin; Loyez' haematoxylin and Kultschitsky-Pal for myelin, Gros-Bielschowsky for axis cylinders, Nissl (thionin), Mayer's mucicarmine and haematoxylin, Hotchkiss-Schiff periodic acid-fuchsin (P.A.S.), and Congo red. Frozen Sections. -Sharlach R and Mayer's haemalum, Sudan black B, toluidine blue mounted in " microil " for metachromatic material, Hortega for microglia. P.A. S. and Congo red. Chemical Methods Various portions of the brains were examined within two weeks of the post-mortem examination from each of the three cases. Water content, total phospholi in, monoamino-phospholipin, sphingomrelin, i t kinphalln Tetreed total cholesterol, cerebroside and neuraminic acid wHestiimated bvjbgJadm4.qes usedna simlarchemical investigation__I isseminate sclerosis and amauroticTmilyidiocy (Cumings, 1953).
INI1-Deficient Tumors: Diagnostic Features and Molecular Genetics

Significant progress has been made in understanding the molecular genetic alterations involved in sarcomagenesis. Cytogenetic and molecular studies have identified nonrandom genetic abnormalities, including tumor suppressor gene inactivation. Mutations, deletions, and other somatic alterations in the tumor suppressor gene INI1 (hSNF5; SMARCB1), which encodes a subunit of the SWI/SNF chromatin remodeling complex, were first described in the malignant rhabdoid tumor of infancy. Since then, INI1 has also been implicated in the pathogenesis of additional tumor types including renal medullary carcinomas and epithelioid sarcomas and a subset of epithelioid malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumors, myoepithelial carcinomas, and extraskeletal myxoid chondrosarcomas. As varied as this group appears, they all show loss of INI1 protein expression, a propensity for rhabdoid cytomorphology, and sometimes other overlapping immunohistochemical and histologic findings. We will review the clinicopathologic features of these tumor types and emphasize the clinical utility of INI1 immunohistochemistry in differential diagnosis.
Heat shock but not other stress inducers leads to the disruption of a sub‐set of snRNPs and inhibition of in vitro splicing in HeLa cells.

Splicing of pre‐mRNA in HeLa cells exposed to various stress response inducers has been investigated. In vivo, intron‐containing transcripts of the hsp27 gene accumulate in cells stressed by heat or sodium arsenite. In vitro analysis, however, reveals a differential effect of stress on splicing: nuclear extracts from cells exposed to a severe heat shock are incapable of splicing an exogenously supplied substrate while splicing is not perturbed in extracts treated with sodium arsenite, the amino acid analog canavinine or ethanol. Pretreatment of cells with a mild heat shock prior to a severe heat shock protects the splicing apparatus and allows splicing to proceed unimpeded. Analyses of the splicing defect in extracts from heat‐shocked cells show that the inhibition of splicing cannot be accounted for by changes in the major RNA and protein components of small nuclear ribonucleoprotein particles (snRNPs) or in a previously described heat‐labile factor that is essential for in vitro splicing. Fractionation of small nuclear ribonucleoprotein particles from heat‐shock extracts by native polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis reveals dramatic changes in certain particles, most noticeably in a U4/U5/U6 snRNP complex and the U2 snRNP. Alterations in these particles are accompanied by the assembly of labeled pre‐mRNA transcript into aberrant splicing complexes that differ from those formed in normal extracts.
Polarization reconfigurable frequency-scanning antenna based on half mode substrate integrated waveguide

A novel polarization reconfigurable leaky-wave (LW) antenna based on half-mode substrate integrated waveguide (HMSIW) is presented. Compared with SIW antenna, HMSIW reduces the volume of antenna a lot with similar capability [1]. The proposed antenna consists of a pair of symmetrical +45°/−45° linearly polarized leaky lines. By changing the means of excitation, six different polarization states including four linear polarization (LP) states and two circular polarization (CP) ones are verified. Because the antenna is designed with a balanced composite right/left-handed (CRLH) structure, under each polarization states, the proposed antenna can achieve continuous beam-steering from left-handed (LH) region to right-handed (RH) region as frequency changes. Parameters including S-parameters, gain and axial ratio (for CP states) are demonstrated. Measured results are closely consistent with the simulation.
La endogeneidad de la oferta monetaria: teoría y evidencia empírica para la economía española

En el presente trabajo se analiza la relacion de la causalidad entre diversos agregados monetarios en Espana con el proposito de contrastar el caracter exogeno o endogeno de la oferta monetaria. Con este fin, y utilizando para ello distintas tecnicas proporcionadas por el analisis de series temporales, se estudiara la causalidad estadistica entre, por un lado, los activos de caya y, por otro, los agregados monetarios. El periodo objeto de estudio se extiende entre 1978 y 1998. Una vez estudiada la mencionada relacion de causalidad, tanto desde el punto de vista estadisitico-econometrico como teorico, en el trabajo se analizan algunas de las implicaciones que se podrian desprender de los resultados obtenidos.
A stronger Kolmogorov zero-one law for resource-bounded measure

Resource-bounded measure has been defined on the classes E, E/sub 2/, ESPACE, E/sub 2/SPACE, REC, and the class of all languages. It is shown here that if C is any of these classes and X is a set of languages that is closed under finite variations and has outer measure less than 1 in C, then X has measure 0 in C. This result strengthens Lutz's resource-bounded generalization of the classical Kolmogorov zero-one law. It also gives a useful sufficient condition for proving that a set has measure 0 in a complexity class.
A comparison of software defects in database management systems and operating systems

An analysis of software defects reported at customer sites in two large IBM database management products, DB2 and IMS, is presented. The analysis considers several different error classification systems and compares the results to those of an earlier study of field defects in IBM's MVS operating system. The authors compare the error type, defect type, and error trigger distributions of the DB2, IMS, and MVS products; show that there may exist an asymptotic behavior in the error type distribution as a function of a defect type; and discuss the undefined state errors that dominate the error type distribution. <<ETX>>
Género y ciudadanía: ¿Deuda impaga en América Latina.

La ciudadania, entendida como la pertenencia legalmente regulada a un Estado y los derechos y obligaciones que derivan de ello, ha resurgido con vigor como categoria analitica a partir de la decada de los 70, como corolario del cuestionamiento publico hecho a la capacidad de los Estado-nacion modernos para ofrecer oportunidades efectivas e igualitarias para sus habitantes (Voet 1998) y del proceso de expansion del status de ciudadano(a) para los grupos que habian sido excluidos de esa condicion hasta bien entrado el Siglo XX, como las mujeres y ciertos grupos etnicos. En este contexto, la diferencia entre la ciudadania como status legal y la ciudadania como posibilidad real de ejercer ciertos deberes y derechos se ha hecho patente y convertido en un foco de reflexion teorica y movilizacion politica. El presente trabajo examina alguna de las implicaciones que el intento de expandir la ciudadania como practica -mas alla del reconocimiento legal de esta condiciontiene para las mujeres en dos paises latinoamericanos, Chile y Brasil. Interesa, particularmente, explorar la distincion introducida por Lister (1997) respecto de dos ejes o dimensiones implicitos en el concepto de ciudadania: el eje horizontal -la relacion entre individuos y el Estadoy el eje o dimension horizontal: las relaciones entre ciudadanos(as). Las posibilidades de expandir las posibilidades de, y asegurar mayores oportunidades para el ejercicio de la ciudadania para las mujeres y otros grupos tradicionalmente marginalizados, se argumenta en el presente trabajo, esta fuertemente mediada por la pre-eminencia que, historicamente, ha tenido el primero de estos ejes o dimensiones por sobre la segunda. Palabras clave: ciudadania – generoAmerica Latina
AECID Fingerprinting Positioning Performance

The paper presents results from a field trial of the adaptive enhanced cell ID (AECID) fingerprinting positioning method that has been implemented by Ericsson AB for the GSM cellular system. The algorithm exploits own and neighbor cell global identities (CGIs), measured timing advance (TA) and quantized signal strength measurements to derive the radio fingerprint. The algorithm operates by collection of A-GPS measurements of opportunity, followed by a tagging by the fingerprint. All A-GPS measurements with the same fingerprint are then stored in separate clusters. In this way a large number of clusters covering the cellular network are created. Finally, a polygon is computed to describe the boundary of each cluster. The field trial of the AECID algorithm was performed in Shanghai, PRC, covering 15 dense urban and 11 suburban cells. About 4600 A-GPS reference measurements were collected for clustering and for performance evaluation. The results show that the inaccuracy of the AECID method is less than 25% of the inaccuracy of the CGI-TA positioning method, measured in terms of the area of the reported geographical regions.
Multiple regulatory elements in the interleukin-6 gene mediate induction by prostaglandins, cyclic AMP, and lipopolysaccharide

Induction of interleukin-6 (IL-6) gene expression is mediated by numerous agents involving all major signal transduction pathways. We have compared the effects of prostaglandins and their second messenger cyclic AMP (cAMP) with the effect of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) on IL-6 gene expression. We demonstrate that secretion of IL-6 is induced by cAMP in murine monocytic PU5-1.8 cells, even though to a lesser extent than by LPS. Nevertheless, cAMP and prostaglandins of the E series in the presence of theophylline induce transcription of the IL-6 promoter more strongly than LPS, suggesting distinctive effects of cAMP and LPS on posttranscriptional events. Mutations within four regulatory elements, namely, the multiple response element (MRE), AP-1, NF-IL6, and NF-kappa B sites, significantly reduce, but do not completely abrogate, inducibility by cAMP and prostaglandin E1, whereas alterations of four additional sites have no effects. LPS-induced promoter activity, however, is almost completely abolished by mutations in the NF-kappa B site, suggesting that a single regulatory element is crucial for inducibility by LPS. Stimulation by cAMP is correlated with the binding of inducible factors to the AP-1, NF-IL6, and NF-kappa B elements, whereas factors binding to the MRE are constitutively expressed. Recombinant cAMP response element-binding protein binds to the MRE, indicating a potential role for this factor in the cAMP response. Our results suggest that cAMP and prostaglandins act through multiple, partially redundant regulatory elements to induce IL-6 expression in monocytic cells. Nuclear events that overlap partially with the LPS response but also exhibit distinctive features are involved.
Nonlinear discrete-Time Synchronization via Extended observers

A method is described for the synchronization of nonlinear discrete-time dynamics. The methodology consists of constructing observer–receiver dynamics that exploit at each time instant the drive signal and buffered past values of the drive signal. In this way, the method can be viewed as a dynamic reconstruction mechanism, in contrast to existing static inversion methods from the theory of dynamical systems. The method is illustrated on a few simulation examples consisting of coupled chaotic logistic equations. Also, a discrete-time message reconstruction scheme is simulated using the extended observer mechanism.
El aprendizaje mediante estudio de caso en la empresa industrial

La metodologia de estudio de caso puede ser de gran importancia para aprender tendencias o metodologias en el ambito empresarial, y en concreto, los operarios de mantenimiento o produccion industrial pueden fomentar un fuerte conocimiento que aumente la eficiencia de su trabajo y la mejora de los metodos en la empresa. En este trabajo se muestra esta metodologia, donde se consigue la participacion activa del personal introduciendo ventajas frente a los metodos mas tradicionales, desarrollando habilidades y actitudes proactivas. La retencion de la informacion se incrementa y construye relaciones con significado entre los conocimientos que posee al inicio y los que el proceso de estudio de un caso le proporciona
A Dark Target Algorithm for the GOSAT TANSO-CAI Sensor in Aerosol Optical Depth Retrieval over Land

Cloud and Aerosol Imager (CAI) onboard the Greenhouse Gases Observing Satellite (GOSAT) is a multi-band sensor designed to observe and acquire information on clouds and aerosols. In order to retrieve aerosol optical depth (AOD) over land from the CAI sensor, a Dark Target (DT) algorithm for GOSAT CAI was developed based on the strategy of the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) DT algorithm. When retrieving AOD from satellite platforms, determining surface contributions is a major challenge. In the MODIS DT algorithm, surface signals in the visible wavelengths are estimated based on the relationships between visible channels and shortwave infrared (SWIR) near the 2.1 µm channel. However, the CAI only has a 1.6 µm band to cover the SWIR wavelengths. To resolve the difficulties in determining surface reflectance caused by the lack of 2.1 μm band data, we attempted to analyze the relationship between reflectance at 1.6 µm and at 2.1 µm. We did this using the MODIS surface reflectance product and then connecting the reflectances at 1.6 µm and the visible bands based on the empirical relationship between reflectances at 2.1 µm and the visible bands. We found that the reflectance relationship between 1.6 µm and 2.1 µm is typically dependent on the vegetation conditions, and that reflectances at 2.1 µm can be parameterized as a function of 1.6 µm reflectance and the Vegetation Index (VI). Based on our experimental results, an Aerosol Free Vegetation Index (AFRI2.1)-based regression function connecting the 1.6 µm and 2.1 µm bands was summarized. Under light aerosol loading (AOD at 0.55 µm < 0.1), the 2.1 µm reflectance derived by our method has an extremely high correlation with the true 2.1 µm reflectance (r-value = 0.928). Similar to the MODIS DT algorithms (Collection 5 and Collection 6), a CAI-applicable approach that uses AFRI2.1 and the scattering angle to account for the visible surface signals was proposed. It was then applied to the CAI sensor for AOD retrieval; the retrievals were validated by comparisons with ground-level measurements from Aerosol Robotic Network (AERONET) sites. Validations show that retrievals from the CAI have high agreement with the AERONET measurements, with an r-value of 0.922, and 69.2% of the AOD retrieved data falling within the expected error envelope of ± (0.1 + 15% AODAERONET).
Hallazgos colposcópicos en pacientes adolescentes

Introduccion: Es importante estudiar a las pacientes adolescentes ya que se ha observado un incremento en la patologia del tracto genital inferior. Objetivo: Describir los hallazgos colposcopicos de las pacientes adolescentes del Hospital de Ginecologia y Obstetricia del Instituto Materno Infantil del Estado de Mexico. Material y metodos: Todas las pacientes adolescentes fueron enviadas a la clinica de colposcopia con diagnostico de alteraciones en la citologia o enfermedad de transmision sexual. Se realizo la colposcopia, los diagnosticos de lesiones preinvasoras se confi rmaron con histopatologia mediante una biopsia. Resultados: De un total de 110 pacientes, la edad promedio fue de 16.2 anos y el inicio de vida sexual activa fue en promedio a los 16.4 anos. Un porcentaje del 58.18% manifesto una pareja sexual y un 19.09% mas de tres parejas. En los hallazgos colposcopicos y entre las lesiones benignas se observaron 11 pacientes con polipos cervicales (10%), siete con molusco contagioso (6.36%), 19 con eversion glandular (17.27%) y 24 con condilomatosis vulvar y perineal (21.81%). En las lesiones premalignas se observaron 56 pacientes con cambios menores (50.90%) y 18 con cambios mayores (16.36%). De las opciones de tratamiento evidenciamos la tasa de respuesta satisfactoria en este tipo de lesiones a esta edad. Conclusiones: Se propone una conducta expectante debido al porcentaje de resolucion de las lesiones benignas y premalignas del cervix, aun cuando dejamos patente que faltan estudios con evidencia cientifi ca sufi ciente que apoyen este hecho.