Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Marketing Strategies Can Maximize Food and Nutrition Professionalsʼ Effectiveness With Children

The voice and skills of marketing can be used to help or hinder sound eating habits in children. The authors of this article explore how marketing can be used effectively to modify children’s food consumption patterns to introduce more healthful foods into their diets. Research shows that attitudes and behaviors of this generation of children have changed, particularly in how they access and use information. Marketing food to children has both positive and negative consequences on food consumption, behavior, and health. Instead of being part of the problem, families and school nutrition programs can be part of the solution by using and evaluating marketing efforts to influence eating behaviors. Finally, the authors present strategy implications for food and nutrition professionals using or addressing issues involving marketing to children.
Morphology of physiologically identified thalamocortical relay neurons in the rat ventrobasal thalamus

The anatomical structure of physiologically identified neurons of the rat ventrobasal thalamus was studied in order to determine if there are morphologically distinct subsets of neurons that correlate with the somatosensory submodalities processed by these cells. Intracellular recordings were used to determine the modality and receptive field of a neuron, after which horseradish peroxidase was iontophoretically injected into the cell, allowing it to be histologically visualized. Computer‐assisted measurements of the labeled cells were made to quantitatively analyze the dendritic structure. Cells were divided into physiological groups stimulated by whiskers, glabrous skin, furry skin, noxious stimulation, or joint rotation. Qualitatively, all cells appeared similar, with the same types of branching patterns. Dendritic spines and long, sinuous appendages were found on all distal dendrites. Quantitatively, no statistically significant differences in dendritic structure were found between functionally defined groups with the aid of a number of parameters, including a fitted dendritic ellipse. There was a weak correlation between somal cross‐sectional area and receptive field size, suggesting larger cells processed larger receptive fields. In summary, the ventrobasal thalamus of the rat, in contrast to that of higher mammals, appears to contain only one major cell type and to have a very simple neuronal circuitry.
Brain metastases in breast cancer patients receiving adjuvant chemotherapy

A retrospective analysis was performed comparing the incidence of brain metastases as a site of first recurrence in patients receiving adjuvant chemotherapy during the period from 1973–1979 for node‐positive operable carcinoma of the breast, compared to a matched control group of patients presenting during the same period treated by local measures only. Five of 115 patients (4.3%) receiving adjuvant chemotherapy have had brain metastases as first site of distant recurrence compared to zero of 115 (0%) in the control group. This comprised 12.8% of first distant recurrences in the adjuvant group. The authors suggest that this increased incidence of brain metastases, as site of first recurrence, reflects prolonged suppression of systemic disease by adjuvant chemotherapy with less effect in controlling metastases in the brain.
Work in the Nonprofit Sector: The Knowledge Gap

The profile, role, and expectations of the nonprofit sector have reached new heights in recent years, yet we know very little about the impact this development has had on the world of work in the sector. Does the sector have the human resources capacity to accommodate these new demands? What do they mean for the million-plus Canadians working in the sector? The purpose of this article is to raise the key questions that are emerging about work in the nonprofit sector, to highlight the gaps in current knowledge, and to identify steps for further research in this area. 2
Design of MIMO-OFDM multi-hop relaying with cooperative base station

Basically, in cellular network systems, the relay station (RS) is used to increase the cell coverage of mobile stations (MS) at a cell edge. But, the system performance due to the use of RS is interfered by the neighboring cells and decreased by the low power of received signals, generally. In order to overcome these disadvantages and get a diversity gain or a high data rate, we design and propose the multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) multi-hop relaying system structure using the BS cooperation scheme, and evaluate the performance of the proposed system in this letter. Therefore, the MSs can effectively receive the signals through the proposed design which uses the RS in the overlapping regions.
Systematic Performance Evaluation for Private Elementary School

A serious economic crisis caused by US sub-prime mortgage crisis greatly influences public and private organizations on the financial system. As a result, the organizations have faced challenges to rehabilitate their performance measures and management strategies. Especially, non-typical business entities, such as private schools have been encouraged to adopt typical industry models to evaluate the performance of their existing systems. In this paper, efforts to improve a private school’ performance evaluation process was illustrated. Particularly, the present study attempted to employ an industry model such as Malcolm Baldrige criteria to promote school’s effort.
Millimeter wave FMCW radar system simulations including a 3D ray tracing channel simulator

In this paper a millimeter-wave radar system simulation environment for frequency-modulated continuous-wave (FMCW) radar using a 3D ray tracing channel simulator is presented. Therefore we use Agilents' RF design environment ADS® for system simulation and calculate the channel impulse response based on the data received from a 3D ray tracer in a Matlab® co-simulation. To reduce computing time the whole signal flow is processed in a complex baseband representation and scattering center models are used as substitute for complex polygon targets as further improvement. Nevertheless all effects occurring at harmonic bands and at DC due to nonlinearities in the transmitter and receiver circuits are well reflected in the simulation. A typical road scenario is simulated and the results show the capabilities of the simulation technique in terms of speed and accuracy.
Financial Champions and Masters of Innovation: Analyzing the Effects of Balancing Strategic Orientations*

Theory predicts that market and resource orientations can each lead to innovation and financial success. Despite this, no research has examined whether the pursuit of both resource and market orientations is feasible and, if so, the impact of this combined effect on innovative and financial outcomes. This paper aims to address these gaps. Thus, it is the first to examine the interdependent relationship between market orientation (MO) and resource orientation (RO). Additionally, this study responds to calls for (1) cross-disciplinary research, particularly in the areas of marketing and strategic management, and (2) comparative studies of diverse strategic orientations on performance. In doing so, this paper investigates the difference in innovation performance and financial performance between firms adopting a high or low degree of market orientation or a high or low degree of resource orientation. This allows us to observe independent and interdependent effects of these orientations on the firm's performance. Data were collected from 250 senior executives in Australia. Confirmatory factor analysis and related techniques were applied to assess the robustness of the measures used. A two-way between-groups analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used to evaluate the relationships. Results show the emergence of four organizational types: unfocused imitators or followers; market-driven innovators; masters of innovation; and financial champions. From these, financial champions emerge as having the greatest impact on the financial performance of the firm, while masters of innovation are best for maximizing innovation outcomes. In fact, organizations with a high RO in the matrix (masters of innovation and financial champions) achieved a higher impact on innovation relative to the quadrants reflecting a lower MO. Results also demonstrate that pursuing a low degree of resource and market orientations leads to inferior financial performance. Therefore, a balance of resource and market orientations is important. A potential extension of this research is to assess these relationships on an industry-by-industry basis. This would contribute to our knowledge by allowing us to determine if and how these results differ between industries. Managerial and theoretical implications are also discussed.
Accountability to Stakeholders in a Student-Managed Organisation

Purpose: Management is normally held accountable to stakeholders because it enters into long-term relationships with them. However, managers which are planning on departing the organisation can take advantage of stakeholders’ trust for their own personal benefit. This paper examines how accountability mechanisms can preserve organisation-stakeholder relationships in the face of high management turnover. Design/methodology/approach: A case study of student-managed non-profit organisation in which the management team is replaced annually. Representatives of all (internal and external) stakeholders are interviewed. Findings: While stakeholders and management work towards mutually agreed upon objectives, at times they also work against each other and pursue their own self-interests. The organisation has, however, been able to survive due to the introduction of accountability mechanisms. Originality/value: Drawing on stakeholder-agency theory, this paper shows how accountability mechanisms can preserve organisational memory and organisation-stakeholder relationships.
Considerable Under-Treatment of Chronic HCV Infection in HIV Patients despite Acceptable Sustained Virological Response Rates in a Real-Life Setting

Background According to guidelines, treatment of HCV infection should be considered a priority in HIV–HCV-coinfected patients. Methods This multicentre study includes HIV–HCV-coinfected patients diagnosed since 2001 in 14 participating centres in Austria and Germany. Demographic and virological data were recorded. Factors associated with non-initiation of HCV treatment were identified. Results Among 9,524 HIV patients screened, 1,033 HIV– HCV-coinfected patients were identified (male/female: 760/273; age: 43 ±9 years; weight: 71 ±12 kg; CD4+ T-cell nadir: 255 ±189 cells/μl; HCV RNA: 3.79x106 IU/ml; HIV RNA: 65x103 copies/ml). HCV genotype (GT) was predominantly GT-1 (62%). A total of 416 (40%) patients received HCV treatment, whereas 617 (60%) patients remained untreated. The main reasons for deferral of HCV treatment were patient refusal (20%), adherence/compliance (18%), active intravenous drug abuse (14%) and advanced immunodeficiency/AIDS (9%). Patients starting HCV treatment had significantly lower fibrosis stage (F2 versus F4; P<0.0001), higher CD4+ T-cell count (530 cells/|il versus 430 cells/|il; P<0.0001), lower HIV RNA levels (18x103 copies/ml versus 47x103 copies/ml; P=0.0008) and higher alanine aminotransferase (ALT; 113 IU/ml versus 75 IU/ml; P<0.0001) than patients without initiation of HCV treatment. Age, HCV GTs, HCV RNA, haemoglobin levels, platelet count and white blood cell count were similar in patients receiving and in patients not receiving antiviral therapy. Multivariate analysis identified ALT levels (P<0.0001) and CD4+ T-cell count (P<0.0001) as independent predictors of treatment uptake. The overall sustained virological response (SVR) was 41% (155/416), with GT-1 and non-GT1 patients achieving SVR rates of 29% and 48%, respectively. Conclusions This large cohort study provides evidence for considerable under-treatment of chronic HCV infection in HIV patients. Despite acceptable treatment success in this real-life setting, HCV remains untreated in the majority of patients and often owing to potentially modifable reasons.
Factors associated with patient and health system delays in the diagnosis of tuberculosis in South India.

OBJECTIVES To investigate the factors associated with delay in 1) care-seeking (patient delay), and 2) diagnosis by health providers (health system delay), among smear-positive tuberculosis patients, before large-scale DOTS implementation in South India. METHODS New smear-positive patients were interviewed using a structured questionnaire. RESULTS Among 531 participants, the median patient, health system and total delays were 20, 23 and 60 days, respectively. Twenty-nine per cent of patients delayed seeking care for > 1 month, of whom 40% attributed the delay to their lack of awareness about TB. Men postponed seeking care for longer periods than women (P = 0.07). In multivariate analysis, the patient delay was greater if the patient had initially consulted a government provider (adjusted odds ratio [AOR] 2.2, P < or = 0.001), resided at a distance >2 km from a health facility (AOR 1.6, P = 0.04), and was an alcoholic (AOR 1.6, P = 0.04). Health system delay was >7 days among 69% of patients. Factors associated with health system delay were: first consultation with a private provider (AOR 4.0, P < 0.001), a shorter duration of cough (AOR 2.6, P = 0.001), alcoholism (P = 0.04) and patient's residence >2 km from a health facility (AOR 1.8, P = 0.02). The total delay resulted largely from a long patient delay when government providers were consulted first, and a long health system delay when private providers were consulted first. CONCLUSION Public awareness about chest symptoms and the availability of free diagnostic services should be increased. Government and private physicians should be educated to be aware about the possibility of tuberculosis when examining out-patients. Effective referrals for smear microscopy should be developed between private and public providers.
Automated Clinical Documentation: Does It Allow Nurses More Time for Patient Care?

When a west central Florida hospital prepared to move to an electronic health record with a clinical documentation system, the nursing staff and administration were concerned about the effects that the technology change would have on nursing work behavior. Specifically, would the move toward automation increase the time at the bedside, decrease the time nurses spent on documentation, and decrease time spent on administrative tasks? A time-in-motion study was conducted to specifically measure six categories of nurse work behavior on a progressive cardiac unit. The nurses were observed by data collectors prior to the implementation of the electronic health record and then again a year after the implementation. Results showed a significant increase (P = .000) in the amount of time nurses devoted to direct care. Furthermore, there was a significant increase (P = .000) in the time nurses spent documenting after the implementation of the electronic system. Much of the increased time available for direct care and documentation came from a 12% decrease in the time nurses spent on administrative tasks after implementing the automated documentation system. For this progressive cardiac unit, the move to automated documentation seems to be a positive step in developing a fully interactive computerized system.
Customer Engagement: A Framework for Assessing Customer-Brand Relationships: The Case of the Restaurant Industry

Customer-brand relationships do not just exist, they develop over time and through multiple service experiences, yet the literature typically discusses customer-brand relationships as being a largely static phenomenon. Very limited attention has been given over to the service evaluation processes of customers who are new to a service brand, as compared to customers who are experienced with the service brand. Research additionally continues to rely on the historically dominant customer satisfaction paradigm as the most effective method with which to evaluate service experiences at the expense of other relational mediators such as involvement, calculative commitment, affective commitment, and trust. This limits the extent to which a more complete and dynamic understanding of the nature of customer-brand relationships and the processes by which engagement with the brand and ultimately loyalty to the brand may be fostered for customers in different consumption stages. A phenomenological investigation into the process of customer engagement, as revealed through customers' restaurant dining experiences, is presented to examine these issues. The data for this study was provided by five focus groups and nine in-depth interviews. The results of the study indicate that the role of relational mediators differs across new and repeat purchase segments of customers. These findings have important implications for the management of customer-brand relationships amongst different customer segments and for the development of operational strategies to improve service provision within the restaurant industry.
The impact of effective human resource management practices on job satisfaction : the case of National Bank of Greece

An organization’s success in today's competitive business environment is mainly based on human capital and banking institutions and there is no exception to this. Satisfied and loyal employees are the most important assets of an organization, and primarily responsible for productivity and profitability. This study examines the level of employee satisfaction in the National Bank of Greece and attempts to identify the contributing factors. The survey covered 366 employees in Greek branches of the National Bank of Greece, and was conducted with the use of a questionnaire. The analysis of the results indicated moderate levels of job satisfaction in the majority of employees while the main factors contributing to job satisfaction were collegial relationships and relationships with superiors. By contrast, the promotion policy and potential empowerment and participation, may probably need improvement and corrective measures as they not only don’t constitute a source of satisfaction for the employees of the National Bank of Greece, but fluctuate within the limits of neutrality and discontent.
The Real Effects of Private Equity Buyouts

Private equity buyouts have become a common element in the industrial development process. I survey the literature on the real economic effect of buyouts: employment, wages, productivity, and long-run investments. Employment tend to marginally fall after a buyout in most countries studied, with the exception being France. There are clear evidence of productivity gains following a buyout, with part of these being shared with worker through higher wages. The evidence is mixed regarding effects on long-run investments.
I Want It Now! The Neuroscience of Teenage Impulsivity

kids.frontiersin. org What would you rather do on a hot summer day? Go to football practice or have ice cream by the pool? The pool might be much more fun than going to any sports practice, so it may seem to be an easy choice. However, if you miss practice often, your coach might not line you up at the next match, and you will not improve overall. In the light of these future consequences, attending practice might not look so bad after all. Yet, research shows that teenagers, more often than people of any other age, tend to follow their short-term impulses rather than pursuing long-term goals. Why do teenagers have so much difficulty controlling their impulses? And how does this get better as you get older? We studied the developing brain and found that controlling impulses depends on at least two different brain areas. As you grow older, connections between these two brain areas get stronger: this helps you think about the future consequences of your actions, be less impulsive, and (maybe) also make better decisions.
Present and Future of Terahertz Communications

Recent changes in how people consume multimedia services are causing an explosive increase in mobile traffic. With more and more people using wireless networks, the demand for the ultra-fast wireless communications systems is increasing. To date, this demand has been accommodated with advanced modulation schemes and signal-processing technologies at microwave frequencies. However, without increasing the carrier frequencies for more spectral resources, it may be quite difficult to keep up with the needs of users. Although there are several alternative bands, recent advances in terahertz-wave (THz-wave) technologies have attracted attention due to the huge bandwidth of THz waves and its potential for use in wireless communications. The frequency band of 275 ~ 3000 GHz , which has not been allocated for specific uses yet, is especially of interest for future wireless systems with data rates of 10 Gb/s or higher. Although THz communications is still in a very early stage of development, there have been lots of reports that show its potential. In this review, we will examine the current progress of THz-wave technologies related to communications applications and discuss some issues that need to be considered for the future of THz communications.
Ambient levels of volatile organic compounds and criteria pollutants in the most industrialized area of central Iberian Peninsula: intercomparison with an urban site

ABSTRACT This work presents observations of volatile organic compounds (VOCs), including carbonyls, particulate matter 2.5 (PM2.5) (included in the most recent ambient air quality standards because of its harmful effect on health), PM10 and other important pollutants, CO, SO2, NOx and ozone, over the most industrialized area in the central Iberian Peninsula. Nearly two years of data obtained through a mobile laboratory are used for this purpose. Different concentration ratios and correlations were calculated to assess the effect of the anthropogenic or biogenic processes on the observed VOC levels. The diurnal profile for SO2 is different in Puertollano and it does not coincide with the maxima of the other primary pollutants such as benzene, toluene and xylenes (BTX), CO and NO. This behaviour could be attributed to the fact that SO2 mainly comes from industrial activities. However, an impact of the industry on air quality was detected not only by the results obtained for SO2, but also by the toluene/benzene, T/B, ratio (7.5). Finally, correlations between meteorological conditions and pollution distribution have been considered; also, the analysis of the back trajectories together with Spearman correlation coefficients have been carried out to understand the origin and pathway in some events with unusual high pollutant values.
Open Source Information,Underwriters' Behavior and IPO Underpricing

Based on a search-engine-based text data mining algorithm,a group of data on the amount of open source information content about small and medium-sized enterprise broad from November 1, 2010 to December 31,2011 are captured from Internet,and used to analyze the relationship between open source information and agents in the IPO. According to the results,the more good open source information before pricing will make the offer price revise upward larger,and the more bad open source information will make the offer price revise downward lager. Underwriters have different attitudes to different open source information when they are pricing. They adjust fully for the bad opensource information,but only partially adjust when the information is good. Ultimately,investors response strongly to the bad open source information during the waiting period,the more bad information,the lower the underpricing of IPO. However,investors are conservative to good open source information.