Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
QTL analysis of low temperature induced browning in soybean seed coats.

Exposure of soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr. ] to chilling temperatures at flowering stage induces browning around the hilum of the seed coats. The brown pigmentation spoils the external appearance of soybean seeds and reduces their commercial value. Our previous studies revealed that pigmentation was controlled by a few major genes, and one of the genes is closely associated with a maturity gene. This study was conducted to further investigate inheritance of pigmentation using DNA markers. Fifty-eight F(2) plants derived from a cross between a tolerant cv. Koganejiro and a sensitive cv. Kitakomachi were exposed to 15 degrees C for 2 weeks beginning 8 days after anthesis. Genotypes of 522 genetic markers were determined using the F(2) plants. Composite interval mapping revealed 5 quantitative trait loci (QTLs) for pigmentation, pig1 to pig5 (pig1 in molecular linkage group A2 [MLG A2], pig2 in MLG B1, pig3 in MLG C2, pig4 in molecular linkage group (MLG), and pig5 in MLG N) and 4 QTLs for flowering date, fd1 to fd4 (fd1 in MLG C1, fd2 in MLG C2, fd3 in MLG J, and fd4 in MLG L). Based on the relative location with markers, fd2 and fd4 probably correspond to E1 and E3, respectively. pig3 and fd2 were found at a similar position, and logarithm of odds (LOD) score plots for pigmentation and flowering date almost overlapped around this region. Considering the fact that pig3 had the most intense effects on pigmentation, E1 is presumed to be the maturity gene that profoundly affects pigmentation. Further, E3 has a small effect on pigmentation in accordance with the previous reports. These results support the idea that soybean maturity genes control low temperature-induced pigmentation with various intensities specific to each maturity gene. QTLs for seed coat pigmentation with small or no impact on maturity identified in this study may be useful in breeding for chilling tolerance.
Assessment of Anxiety and Depression in Asian American Youth

This article reviews the current state of research on the assessment of anxiety and depression in Asian American children and adolescents. Contrary to lay perceptions of Asian Americans as a "model minority," research indicates that rates of depression and anxiety among Asian American adults are comparable to those found among European American populations. Given that Asian American populations also underutilize mental health services, the need to assess and treat anxiety and depression in Asian American youth is critical. This commentary includes directions for future research as well as clinical intervention.
Pipeline for uncoilable or failed aneurysms: results from a multicenter clinical trial.

PURPOSE To evaluate the safety and effectiveness of the Pipeline Embolization Device (PED; ev3/Covidien, Irvine, Calif) in the treatment of complex intracranial aneurysms. MATERIALS AND METHODS The Pipeline for Uncoilable or Failed Aneurysms is a multicenter, prospective, interventional, single-arm trial of PED for the treatment of uncoilable or failed aneurysms of the internal carotid artery. Institutional review board approval of the HIPAA-compliant study protocol was obtained from each center. After providing informed consent, 108 patients with recently unruptured large and giant wide-necked aneurysms were enrolled in the study. The primary effectiveness endpoint was angiographic evaluation that demonstrated complete aneurysm occlusion and absence of major stenosis at 180 days. The primary safety endpoint was occurrence of major ipsilateral stroke or neurologic death at 180 days. RESULTS PED placement was technically successful in 107 of 108 patients (99.1%). Mean aneurysm size was 18.2 mm; 22 aneurysms (20.4%) were giant (>25 mm). Of the 106 aneurysms, 78 met the study's primary effectiveness endpoint (73.6%; 95% posterior probability interval: 64.4%-81.0%). Six of the 107 patients in the safety cohort experienced a major ipsilateral stroke or neurologic death (5.6%; 95% posterior probability interval: 2.6%-11.7%). CONCLUSION PED offers a reasonably safe and effective treatment of large or giant intracranial internal carotid artery aneurysms, demonstrated by high rates of complete aneurysm occlusion and low rates of adverse neurologic events; even in aneurysms failing previous alternative treatments.
Pharmacological characterization of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs)

Established antidepressants including tricyclic antidepressants (TCAs), tetracyclic antidepressants and monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs) affect a series of neurotransmitter functions. In the debate of clinical efficacy much attention has focused on the uptake of noradrenaline (NA) and serotonin (5-HT) as a means to increase neuronal activity. Most antidepressants, whether classic or new, inhibit the uptake of either one or the other or both transmitters. Besides that, all of the classical antidepressants potently inhibit a series of neurotransmitter receptors. A series of newer antidepressants preferentially increase 5-HT transmission by inhibiting 5-HT uptake. Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) are those which preferably inhibit 5-HT uptake compared with NA, and which at the same time have no or only slight effect on other uptake mechanisms, neurotransmitter receptors, enzymes, etc. Five SSRIs are currently marketed, i.e. citalopram, fluoxetine, fluvoxamine, paroxetine and sertraline. They all fulfil the above-mentioned criteria. Citalopram is the most selective 5-HT-uptake inhibitor, whereas paroxetine is the most potent. By and large the rank order of selectivity is equal in in vitro studies, in biochemical in vivo studies and in behavioural studies. Selectivity and potency for 5-HT uptake do not coincide. The selectivity of SSRIs is also founded on the lack of inhibition of receptors for different neurotransmitters, e.g. acetylcholine, histamine, NA, 5-HT or dopamine (DA), as well as monoamine oxidase (MAO). Citalopram, fluoxetine and sertraline are metabolized to compounds possessing similar properties as the parent drugs, whereas this is not the case with the metabolites of fluvoxamine and paroxetine. Upon repeated administration SSRIs maintain the selective and potent inhibition of 5-HT uptake. Although repeated treatment with TCAs and electroconvulsive shocks leads to changes in receptor number and pharmacological responsiveness, e.g. down-regulation of β-adrenoceptors and down-regulation of 5-HT2A -mediated function, no consistent changes are seen after prolonged treatment with SSRIs. Since the marketed SSRIs all show clear antidepressant effect, this receptor regulation seems not to be a prerequisite for clinical antidepressant activity.
ADHD comorbidity findings from the MTA study: comparing comorbid subgroups.

OBJECTIVES Previous research has been inconclusive whether attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), when comorbid with disruptive disorders (oppositional defiant disorder [ODD] or conduct disorder [CD]), with the internalizing disorders (anxiety and/or depression), or with both, should constitute separate clinical entities. Determination of the clinical significance of potential ADHD + internalizing disorder or ADHD + ODD/CD syndromes could yield better diagnostic decision-making, treatment planning, and treatment outcomes. METHOD Drawing upon cross-sectional and longitudinal information from 579 children (aged 7-9.9 years) with ADHD participating in the NIMH Collaborative Multisite Multimodal Treatment Study of Children With Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (MTA), investigators applied validational criteria to compare ADHD subjects with and without comorbid internalizing disorders and ODD/CD. RESULTS Substantial evidence of main effects of internalizing and externalizing comorbid disorders was found. Moderate evidence of interactions of parent-reported anxiety and ODD/CD status were noted on response to treatment, indicating that children with ADHD and anxiety disorders (but no ODD/CD) were likely to respond equally well to the MTA behavioral and medication treatments. Children with ADHD-only or ADHD with ODD/CD (but without anxiety disorders) responded best to MTA medication treatments (with or without behavioral treatments), while children with multiple comorbid disorders (anxiety and ODD/CD) responded optimally to combined (medication and behavioral) treatments. CONCLUSIONS Findings indicate that three clinical profiles, ADHD co-occurring with internalizing disorders (principally parent-reported anxiety disorders) absent any concurrent disruptive disorder (ADHD + ANX), ADHD co-occurring with ODD/CD but no anxiety (ADHD + ODD/CD), and ADHD with both anxiety and ODD/CD (ADHD + ANX + ODD/CD) may be sufficiently distinct to warrant classification as ADHD subtypes different from "pure" ADHD with neither comorbidity. Future clinical, etiological, and genetics research should explore the merits of these three ADHD classification options.
Diagnosis and management of hereditary colorectal cancer syndromes: Lynch syndrome as a model

This article deals exclusively with the hereditary forms of colorectal cancer. Clinical examples of hereditary colorectal cancer syndromes abound; of these, familial adenomatous polyposis and Lynch syndrome are the most common and well known ([Figure 1][1]). [1][2] In this review, we use Lynch
Stone Soup: announcement of beta release of an open-source framework for tracking and state estimation

Tracking and state estimation technologies are used in a variety of domains that include astronomy, air surveillance, maritime situational awareness, biology, and the internet. Algorithms for tracking and state estimation are becoming increasingly complex and it is difficult for researchers and skilled practitioners to implement and systematically evaluate these state-of-the-art algorithms. System designers also need to objectively assess the performance of algorithms against operational requirements, and tools to conveniently perform such systematic assessment have been lacking. Recognising this problem, an initiative was taken to create an open-source frame- work called Stone Soup", which would be used for the development, demonstration, and evaluation of tracking and state estimation algorithms. Stone Soup was made openly available in April 2019 as a beta version (V0.1b1). This paper introduces the Stone Soup framework and describes how users can take advantage of this framework to develop their own algorithms, set up experiments with real-world data, and evaluate algorithms.
MEASUREMENT OF THREE DIMENSIONAL FLOW STRUCTURE OF DROPLET FORMATION MECHANISM IN T-SHAPED JUNCTION USING PHASE-LOCKED CONFOCAL MICRO-PIV

This paper aims to investigate a mechanism of microdroplet formation at a micro T-shaped junction using a “phaselocked multicolor confocal micro-PIV (Particle Image Velocimetry)” technique[1]. The multicolor system can measure dynamic behavior of each phase of multiphase flow separately and simultaneously. Additionally, the phase-locking technique enables picking up same condition of droplet formation frequency and translational velocity of droplet to minimize instability of droplet formation phenomenon. The phase-locking technique is necessary to reconstruct three-dimensional flow field from two-dimensional confocal micro-PIV measurement data. We successfully obtained each phase of periodic phenomenon non-invasively by detecting passage of droplet from transmitted light of optical proximity sensor. As a result, three-dimensional flow structure of the droplet formation was successfully reconstructed and the differences in droplet formation mechanisms associated with flow conditions was investigated.
The use of whole‐cell protein profile analysis by SDS‐PAGE as an accurate tool to identify species and subspecies of coagulase‐negative staphylococci

Dos Santos O, De Resende MCC, De Mello AL, Frazzon APG, D’Azevedo PA. The use of whole‐cell protein profile analysis by SDS‐PAGE as an accurate tool to identify species and subspecies of coagulase‐negative staphylococci. APMIS 2012; 120: 39–46.
Synaptic vesicles and microtubules in frog motor endplates

Motor endplates of the cutaneous pectoris skeletal muscle of the frog have been examined by electron microscopy using a new technique. This involves pretreatment with an albumin solution, followed by fixation with 4% unbuffered tetroxide. A small proportion of the endplate axonal ramifications show microtubules clothed in synaptic vesicles and focused on the presynaptic membrane, in particular on the active zones. The microtubules run in the presynaptic cytoplasm either parallel to or across the active zones. These two sets of microtubules cross each other at the active zones, which lie opposite the dips in the post-junctional folds. The possibility that the microtubules are involved in the translocation of synaptic vesicles to the active zone is discussed.
Complete Genome Sequences of Two Vesicular Stomatitis Virus Isolates Collected in Mexico

ABSTRACT We report two full-genome sequences of vesicular stomatitis New Jersey virus (VSNJV) obtained by Illumina next-generation sequencing of RNA isolated from epithelial suspensions of cattle naturally infected in Mexico. These genomes represent the first full-genome sequences of vesicular stomatitis New Jersey viruses circulating in Mexico deposited in the GenBank database.
Diagnostic Accuracy of Ambulatory ECG Monitoring in Ischemic Heart Disease

Fifty patients with precordial pain were evaluated by 24 hour ambulatory ECG monitoring during normal everyday activities, and by coronary arteriography. The monitoring was regarded as positive if deviation of the ST segment of 1 mm or more from the resting pattern was observed, or if major T wave inversion occurred. Comparison of the results of the two tests showed a good correlation. Among the 32 patients with positive abnormalities on ECG monitoring, 28 had severe coronary disease (> 60% obstruction). Among the 18 patients with negative monitoring, only three had severe coronary disease. All seven patients with major T inversion had significant coronary obstruction. The type of chest pain and the resting ECG were less indicative of coronary pathology. The good correlation demonstrated between the ambulatory ECG monitoring and coronary arteriograms validates the monitoring as a reliable tool for uncovering latent ischemic heart disease (IHD) and for evaluation of patients with established IHD.
Communication, decision making, and cancer: what African Americans want physicians to know.

PURPOSE To explore and identify communication and decision making with health care providers for African Americans living with cancer and for their families. METHODS We used focus group interviews to identify and explore cultural perceptions, expectations, and desires as they relate to quality of life domains. PARTICIPANTS Of the 42 African American participants, 33 were women. Half of the participants (n = 21) were caregivers of a family member with cancer; the others were cancer survivors and some of them had also cared for a loved one with cancer. RESULTS Participants focused on effective communication and decision making as fundamental to overall quality of life. Furthermore, physicians were viewed as having the responsibility to establish and monitor effective communication with patients and families. Within the domain of effective communication, participants stressed that health care providers needed to know the person and family and to tailor communication with them based on that knowledge. Within the domain of decision making, participants emphasized having a sense of control over treatment choices. They also expressed concerns for populations made vulnerable by advanced age, poverty, or low levels of formal education. DISCUSSION Our participants indicated that relationship-centered care, in which one's sense of personhood is sought, acknowledged, and worked with, is foundational for effective communication and decision making.
Concord phenomena in first language acquisition

Scope-bearing items for sentential negations and sentential questions appear in Dutch child language as ‘doubling’ constructions. A or element appears in sentence-initial position and is doubled in sentence-final position. The ‘doubling’ is not part of the adult system nor is it part of the child’s acquisition input. The temporary doublings suggest that the grammatical property of sentential scope is learned in a stepwise fashion by means of intermediate grammars that are temporarily simplified. The present view opposes to the idea that temporary constructions in child language betray an innate UG option (v.Kampen 1997, Crain et al. 2006).
Simulation of Partial Discharge in High Voltage Power Equipment

In high voltage (HV) electrical power system, variety of solid, liquid and gaseous materials are used for insulation purpose to protect the incipient failure inside the HV power equipment. Among these the solid insulation is widely used for high voltage power equipment HV electrical power system. Most of insulating materials are not perfect in all respect and contains always some impurities. The presence of air bubble is one of such impurities in insulating materials and highly undesirable for such type of insulation which causes a local weak zone inside the insulator. Insulation of the HV power equipment gradually degrades inside the insulator due to cumulative effect of electrical, chemical and thermal stress. Due to the high voltage stress the weak zone inside the insulator causes the partial discharge (PD) which is known as local electrical breakdown. As a result the insulation properties of such materials are enormously degrades its quality due to the PD. In this work, the simulation of PD activity due to presence of a small cylindrical void inside the solid insulation material of high voltage power equipment is studied with the MATLAB Simulink platform.
7x1-PT: um Corpus extraído do Twitter para Análise de Sentimentos em Língua Portuguesa (7x1-PT: a Corpus extracted from Twitter for Sentiment Analysis in Portuguese Language)

Este artigo descreve o corpus 7x1­PT que contem um conjunto de tweets, em portugues, postados ao longo da partida da Alemanha com o Brasil durante a Copa do Mundo de 2014 da FIFA. Nos descrevemos como foi realizada a coleta, a limpeza e a organizacao, bem como comentamos o estagio atual de anotacao linguistica desse corpus.
Numerical study of turbulent drag reduction over non-smooth surfaces of rotating-stationary disk system

Turbulent drag reduction has an important significance for energy conservation and emission reduction of the engineering fields, such as mechanical transmission and longdistance transport pipeline transportation. The air-oil two-phase flow model of non-smooth surfaces of rotating-stationary disk system was established based on the finite volume method, the volume of fluid method and RNG k-ε turbulence model. The flow field distribution of lubricant oil is obtained through the numerical analysis of three-dimensional Navier-Stokes equations of the two-phase of lubricating medium inside the rotating-stationary disk system. The turbulent boundary layer flow and stickiness resistance of the rotating-stationary disk system, as well as, the turbulent drag reduction capability by numerical calculation is investigated. The flow field of the smooth surfaces and non-smooth surfaces of rotating-stationary disk system are analyzed and the mechanism of turbulent drag reduction is discussed. The factors of influencing turbulent drag reduction are discussed by changing groove numbers, depth, and area ratio of grooves. The results indicate the grooves make it easier for air to enter the rotating disk system, and the film more easily broken, thus inhibiting the rise in the turbulent drag torque; the turbulent drag reduction efficiency will enhance with the number of grooves increase; will enhance with the depth of grooves increase and will enhance with the area ratio of grooves increase. The results can be used for the flow field analysis and optimization of the rotating-stationary disk system, especially supply a new method to the energy conservation and emission reduction.
Macrophage function and its impact on atherosclerotic lesion composition, progression, and stability: the good, the bad, and the ugly.

The role of the macrophage is of fundamental interest in understanding atherosclerotic lesion development and thrombogenicity. After differentiation from blood peripheral monocytes, intimal macrophages incorporate modified lipoproteins through the scavenger receptor pathway.1 This transforms the macrophage into a lipid-rich foam cell which is a hallmark feature of atherosclerosis and leads to lesion expansion. Macrophage activation results in the excretion of proinflammatory and cytotoxic substances,2 including peroxynitrite, an early inducer of atherosclerosis through the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress pathway.3 Further, the accumulation of free cholesterol or uptake of oxidized LDL induces macrophage apoptosis.4 Cytokine release from macrophages augments the inflammatory response and increases lesion size. Cytotoxic substances, including peroxynitrite and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, released by the macrophage results in cell death of lesion-resident endothelial and smooth muscle cells, thereby disrupting vessel structure. Macrophages can also alter the extracellular matrix of the vessel by releasing matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs), thereby leading to lesion breakdown and predisposing the lesion to fissure or rupture.5 These aspects of the macrophage in atherosclerotic lesion biology drive the progression of the disease and lead to the decomposition of the arterial wall into atheroma, the ugly gruel remaining after foam cell decomposition. See accompanying articles on pages 1421 and 1429 The macrophage may also have good effects within the blood vessel wall. Macrophages remove debris through the process of phagocytosis.6 One aspect of macrophage phagocytosis, namely efferocytosis, is a process that prevents secondary necrosis and inflammation by removing apoptotic bodies before their decomposition.7 Efferocytosis has been shown to be mediated by 3 tyrosine kinase receptors, Axl, Tyro3, and Mer receptor tyrosine kinase (Mertk) in cells of hematopoietic lineage.8 Mertk is the primary mediator of efferocytosis in macrophages.9 Despite the presence of all 3 receptors on macrophages, Mertk has a …
Gene expression profiles of primary breast tumors maintained in distant metastases

It has been debated for decades how cancer cells acquire metastatic capability. It is unclear whether metastases are derived from distinct subpopulations of tumor cells within the primary site with higher metastatic potential, or whether they originate from a random fraction of tumor cells. Here we show, by gene expression profiling, that human primary breast tumors are strikingly similar to the distant metastases of the same patient. Unsupervised hierarchical clustering, multidimensional scaling, and permutation testing, as well as the comparison of significantly expressed genes within a pair, reveal their genetic similarity. Our findings suggest that metastatic capability in breast cancer is an inherent feature and is not based on clonal selection.