Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Luxury uptake, iron storage and ferritin abundance in Prochlorococcus marinus (Synechococcales) strain MED4

Abstract: We measured the capacity for luxury iron (Fe) uptake and ferritin abundance in the marine cyanobacterium Prochlorococcus marinus (strain MED4) acclimated to various Fe concentrations. We also followed changes in ferritin abundance and physiological measurements after abruptly changing Fe availability by adding Fe-EDTA or desferrioxamine B (DFB) to cultures. Fe quotas (normalized to carbon) increased from 46 to 112 Fe:C (μmol:mol) in cultures grown at Fe′ (the summed concentrations of all Fe species not complexed with EDTA) between 21 and 180 pM. No further increase in Fe:C was observed at 684 pM Fe′. Growth rates and variable fluorescence did not vary significantly in cultures acclimated to Fe′ values ranging from 15 to 679 pM, demonstrating that Prochlorococcus can store ~ 2.4-fold more Fe than it requires for maximum growth. Ferritin abundance increased from below detection at 15 pM Fe′ to maximum values at 175 to 679 pM Fe′. Ferritin abundance, growth, and variable fluorescence decreased after the addition of DFB, and ferritin abundance increased upon addition of Fe-EDTA. These results further support the protein's role in Fe storage in Prochlorococcus. This capacity for luxury Fe uptake may help Prochlorococcus survive periods of low Fe availability in the open ocean, and the recycling of ferritin-stored Fe may be an important component of the marine iron cycle.
Nonlinear Pulse Reshaping in Optical Fibers

The compact laser sources with ultra-broad spectrum or specially shaped pulse waveforms are significant for science and industry, and the need for these sources can be satisfied using the fiber-optic platform. We present results on transformation of ultrashort optical pulses in different types of optical fibers aiming synthesis of specially shaped pulses and single-pulse flat-top supercontinuum
Large deviation asymptotics for busy periods

The busy period for a queue is cast as the area swept under the random walk until it first returns to zero. Encompassing non-i.i. d. increments, the large-deviations asymptotics of the busy period B is addressed, under the assumption that the increments satisfy standard conditions, including a negative drift. The main conclusions provide insight on the probability of a large busy period, and the manner in which this occurs. The scaled probability of a large busy period has the asymptote, for any b > 0, limn→∞(1/n)logP(B≥bn)=−Kb, where K=2−∫0λ*Λ(θ)dθ, with λ*=sup{θ:Λ(θ)≤0}, and with Λ denoting the scaled cumulant generating function of the increments process. The most likely path to a large swept area is found to be a simple rescaling of the path on [0, 1] given by ψ*(t)=−Λ(λ*(1−t))/λ*. In contrast to the piecewise linear most likely path leading the random walk to hit a high level, this is strictly concave in general. While these two most likely paths have distinctly different forms, their derivatives coin.
Alimentation lipidique et remplacement des huiles de poisson par des huiles végétales en pisciculture

Over the last few decades, changes in aquafeed have been characterised by an increase in dietary lipid levels to reduce nitrogen wastes and improve growth performance. This evolution combined with the strong increase in pisciculture production has led to a rise in demand for fish oils, while their availability remains limited. The use of vegetable oils would thus appear as an alternative which could contribute to reducing the part of marine resources in aquafeed. The use of high fat diets, however, leads to an increase in fat deposition in fish with changes occurring in the main storage site (liver, muscle, perivisceral adipose tissue) depending on the species of fish. Replacement of fish oil by vegetable oils does not affect growth performance if essential fatty acid requirements are met, whereas the fatty acid composition of the fish is strongly modified. Fatty acid composition of fish flesh generally reflects the fatty acid composition of the oils used with a decrease in n-3 long chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (EPA and DHA) which confer to the flesh its nutritional value. A finishing period with diets based on fish oil restores the levels of these FA in the flesh, maintaining its nutritional value for human consumption. This possibility of tailoring fatty acid composition through dietary supply is important for sustainable pisciculture development and preservation of natural marine resources.
Functions of passage cells in the endodermis and exodermis of roots

Passage cells frequently occur in the endodermis and exodermis but are not ubiquitous in either layer. Passage cells occur in the form of short cells in the dimorphic type of exodermis. In both layers, Casparian bands are formed in all cells, but the subsequent development of suberin lamellae and thick, cellulosic walls are delayed or absent in the passage cells. Available evidence suggests that passage cells of the endodermis are important for the transfer of calcium and magnesium into the stele and thus into the transpiration stream. They become the only cells which present a plasmalemma surface to the soil solution (and are thus capable of ion uptake) when the epidermis and central cortex die. This occurs naturally in some herbaceous and woody species and is known to be promoted by drought. Most evidence indicates that the development of suberin lamellae in both the endodermis and exodermis increases the resistance of the root to the radial flow of water. Passage cells thus provide areas of low resistance for the movement of water, and the position of these cells in the endodermis (i.e., in close proximity to the xylem) is explained in terms of function. Exodermal passage cells have a cytoplasmic structure suggesting an active role in ion uptake. This may be related to the tendency of the epidermis to die, leaving the passage cells as the only ones with their membranes exposed to the soil solution. Passage cells in the exodermis attract endomycorrhizal fungi while those in the endodermis do not. It is clear that passage cells of the endodermis and exodermis play a variety of roles in the plant root system.
The VBA Model and Public Value: Filling the Value Gap

The basic idea of the conceptual paper is to discuss the notion of value creation in the business and society field and to present the public value concept as a way of extending the understanding of business's value creation for society. First, the paper draws on the value balance accountability (VBA) model by Schwartz and Carroll, in which value creation is identified as a central element in the business and society field. Second, based on this, we critically evaluate the VBA model's value notion, which appears to be relatively vague and narrow. Third, in order to tackle these gaps, we present Meynhardt's public value approach, which provides an extended notion of value creation. We further propose a combined public value-balance-accountability-framework. Public value fills the framework's value dimension with actual content and provides a microfoundation. It helps to overcome the separation fallacy. The combined framework contributes to both theory and practice in the business and society field.
Optimisation Thermique d'un Onduleur Solaire Bas-Coût de 2kW

Cet article presente une methodologie pour diminuer les couts lies a la gestion thermique d'un onduleur solaire de 2kW. La connexion thermique entre semi-conducteurs et dissipateur se fait au travers du circuit imprime et utilise des composants montes en surface (CMS). Le dissipateur fonctionne en convection naturelle. Son dimensionnement, detaille dans l'article, est base sur une approche analytique confirmee par des simulations par elements finis. Le cout du systeme thermique ainsi dimensionne (radiateur, feuille isolante, et attaches mecaniques) a ete reduit a 12€ pour des quantites industrielles, et ne necessite pas d'intervention humaine lors de l'assemblage. Finalement des mesures experimentales valident la methodologie proposee.
Development of allometric relationships for accurate estimation of above- and below-ground biomass in tropical secondary forests in Sarawak, Malaysia

Abstract: We developed allometric relationships between tree size parameters (stem diameter at breast height (dbh), at ground surface (D0) and tree height) and leaf, stem, small-root (diameter <5 mm) and total root biomass in various tropical secondary-forest trees in Sarawak, Malaysia. In total, 136 individuals from 23 species were harvested to measure above-ground parts. Root systems of 77 individuals of 16 species were also excavated. The coefficients of correlation for the obtained allometric relationships between tree diameter and plant-part biomass showed high values, ranging from 0.83 to 0.99. In addition, there were few interspecific differences in relationships for all biomass parts, except for leaves. We also found relatively high coefficients of allometric relationships between tree height and plant-part biomass ranging from 0.83 to 0.94. Comparison of above- and below-ground biomass equations for various tropical rainforests implies that our allometric equations differ largely from the equations for tropical primary forests. Thus, choosing both above- and below-ground allometric equations for biomass estimation in tropical secondary forests of South-East Asia requires careful consideration of their suitability.
The evaluation of leaf nutrient contents and element ratios of different raspberry varieties

In determining the nutritional status of fruit plants, leaf analysis is a very commonly used method. In researches related to the elimination of nutrient element deficiencies in raspberry species, it has been stated that ratios of macro and micro nutrients are important parameters to determine the usability of nutrition status of the plants. For this aim, the study was carried out with seven raspberry species (Rubus idaeus L.) by evaluating their leaf nutrient element contents and their rates in the experimental field. The difference between leaf nutrient contents (N, P, K, Ca, Mg, Fe, Mn, Zn, Cu and B) of species was statistically very important (P 450, respectively) for all species represented a boron deficiency risk. Some species had Mn toxicity risk due to lower Fe/Mn ratio (<1.50).
Étude préliminaire de deux composés thérapeutiques potentiels pour le traitement du follicule pileux dans l'Hidradénite suppurée

La maladie de Verneuil, ou Hidradenite Suppuree (HS), est une maladie du follicule pileux qui provoque une inflammation cutanee. L’hypothese d’un deficit immunitaire face a la flore commensale cutanee chez des patients ayant une susceptibilite genetique semble aujourd’hui confirmee. L’etude de la reponse des keratinocytes de la gaine externe des follicules pileux de patients face a des « Pathogen Associated Molecular Patterns » par stimulation de leurs « Pattern Recognition Receptors » a demontre une diminution de la production de peptides antimicrobiens comme la psoriasine par rapport aux individus sains. De plus, des etudes genetiques effectuees sur des patients ont revele la presence de mutations de la γ-secretase, l’enzyme cle dans la voie de signalisation NOTCH. L’equipe a demontre qu’une baisse de ce signal peut induire une diminution de la production de peptides antimicrobiens apres stimulation des PRRs des cellules de la gaine externe du follicule pileux. L’objectif etait donc de trouver un compose pour restaurer le signal NOTCH chez les patients HS, ce qui devait permettre de restaurer la production de peptides antimicrobiens par les keratinocytes. L’etude sur des lignees cellulaires HEK293T et HaCaT de deux composes A et B senses restaurer la voie NOTCH a demontre que le compose A pourrait restaurer la voie NOTCH mais pas le compose B. Enfin, les premiers tests de ces composes sur des cellules primaires d’individus sains indiquent que le compose A reprime la production de peptide antimicrobiens, au contraire du compose B.
Phage lambda—New Insights into Regulatory Circuits

Bacteriophage l, rediscovered in the early 1950s, has served as a model in molecular biology studies for decades. Although currently more complex organisms and more complicated biological systems can be studied, this phage is still an excellent model to investigate principles of biological processes occurring at the molecular level. In fact, very few other biological models provide possibilities to examine regulations of biological mechanisms as detailed as performed with l. In this chapter, recent advances in our understanding of mechanisms of bacteriophage l development are summarized and discussed. Particularly, studies on (i) phage DNA injection, (ii) molecular bases of the lysis-versus-lysogenization decision and the lysogenization process itself, (iii) prophage maintenance and induction, (iv), l DNA replication, (v) phage-encoded recombination systems, (vi) transcription antitermination, (vii) formation of the virion structure, and (viii) lysis of the host cell, as published during several past years, will be presented.
South-west England grassland survey 1983. 2. Trends in cropping pattern, reseeding and sward composition 1970–83

Seventy-eight farms in south-west England, originally visited in 1970–72, were revisited in 1983 in order to identify changes in land use and re-seeding over the c. 12-year period; changes in sward composition were assessed on fifty-nine of these farms. The results were also compared with Ministry of Agriculture, Fisheries and Food (MAFF) Census results and MAFF Seeds Branch data. The proportion of tillage had declined from 29 to 24%. This was in agreement with census results for the south-western counties, but contrasted with those for England and Wales as a whole, which showed an increase from 38.8 to 41.7% tillage. It is indicative of grass becoming more predominant in south-west England as east England has become more dominated by tillage cropping. There had also been a decline in the amount of short-term grassland. In 1970–72 17% of the grassland was intended to last from 1 to 4 years; in 1983 the proportion was only 10%. That these intentions were being carried out was confirmed by the fact that in 1983 there was more grassland in each of the age categories 5·8,9·20 and over 20 years. The trend towards older grassland confirms that shown by regional and national census data, and the trend away from short-term swards is in line with deliveries of herbage seed which indicate reduced use of Italian ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum). Botanical composition had changed appreciably, with the proportion of Lolium perenne having increased in swards of all ages, e.g. from 35 to 51% in swards 5–8 years old and from 17 to 31% in those aged over 20 years. Other sown species, predominantly Dactylis glomerata and Phleum pratense, had declined markedly in swards over 4 years old. The proportions of Agrostis spp. , Festuca spp. and Poa trivialis had fallen, but Holcus lanatus had increased slightly. There had been a marked reduction in infestations of perennial broad-leaved weeds, particularly Ranunculus, but also Rumex and Cirsium spp.
Dieta de Micoureus demerarae (Thomas) (Mammalia, Didelphidae) associada às florestas contíguas de mangue e terra firme em Bragança, Pará, Brasil

A dieta de Micoureus demerarae (Thomas, 1905) foi estudada em bosques de mangue e terra firme atraves de amostras estomacais e fecais. O numero de individuos capturados foi inversamente proporcional a disponibilidade de frutos e insetos, sendo Coleoptera e Hemiptera as ordens de artropodes mais consumidos e Passifloraceae e Arecaceae os frutos mais ingeridos. Desse modo, tanto a maior variabilidade de frutos como a alta producao destes durante a estacao seca, parecem explicar o aumento da captura desses animais nos bosques de terra firme, dos quais sao originalmente provenientes. Os itens alimentares sugerem que esta especie possui uma dieta do tipo onivora, independentemente da sazonalidade ou distribuicao dos recursos disponiveis.
Influence of Pod Stomatal Density and Pod Transpiration on the Calcium Concentration of Snap Bean Pods

Understanding the mechanisms that regulate xylem transport of calcium (Ca) to snap bean ( Phaseolus vulgaris L.) pods could allow approaches to enhance pod Ca levels, and thereby improve the value of this food source for humans. Pods of greenhouse-grown plants of 'Hystyle', 'Labrador', 'Tendergreen', 'Green Crop', 'BBL94', and 'Gold Crop' were examined for stomatal density and rates of pod transpiration throughout pod development. Among pods ranging from 6 to 14 mm in diameter, Ca concentration and pod stomatal density varied inversely with increasing diameter in all cultivars; Ca concentration for pods of a given diameter also varied among cultivars. To assess the influence of pod stomatal density on pod transpiration, water loss was measured from detached pods of 'Hystyle' and 'Labrador', which have high and low pod stomatal densities, respectively. Pod transpiration rates were similar for the two cultivars, being ≈15% the rate measured in leaves under equivalent conditions, and comparable to rates of cuticular transpiration measured in leaves with closed stomates. These results suggest that pod stomates have no role, or have only a limited role, in pod transpiration. Pods of 'Hystyle' and 'Labrador' were placed in enclosures that maintained constant high- or low-humidity environments throughout pod development. For each cultivar, the high-humidity environment led to lower pod Ca concentrations, demonstrating that pod transpiration does have a significant impact on pod Ca accretion. However, 'Hystyle' consistently exhibited higher pod Ca concentrations, relative to 'Labrador', suggesting that differences in xylem sap Ca concentration may have been responsible for cultivar differences in pod Ca concentration. contribution of either process to total pod water balance, or Ca import, has not been determined. In fruiting organs of other species, low rates of transpiration have been reported, which can lead to reduced rates of Ca accretion into these organs (Clarkson, 1984; Ehret and Ho, 1986; Faust and Shear, 1968; Hanger, 1979; Shear, 1975). Information relevant to the transpiration capacity of legume pods is limited. Stomates are present in the epidermis of snap bean pods and pods can fix atmospheric carbon dioxide (Crookston et al., 1974); these findings suggest that pod stomates may contribute to whole- organ gas exchange. Stomatal density of pods was reported to be only 25% of that of the snap bean lower leaf surface (Crookston et al., 1974); therefore, transpiration would likely be lower in pods than in leaves of snap bean. However, little is known about the functional capability of pod stomates, and it is possible that the waxy cuticle covering the pod epidermis may be the predominant factor influenc- ing water loss (i.e., nonstomatal or cuticular transpiration) (Kerstiens, 1996).
Base water potential for germination of radiata pine and buddleia seeds adjusts in response to time, seed-bed water potential and supra-optimal temperatures.

Hydrothermal germination models are mathematical models which predict germination time of seeds for a specified seed-bed temperature (T) and water potential (Ψ). In this paper, the commonly observed decline in seed germination at supra-optimal temperatures is investigated by fitting a hydrothermal time model to germination data from two unrelated plant species (Buddleia davidii and Pinus radiata). For both these species, reduced germination rates and germination percentages above optimum temperatures (20°C and 25°C for P. radiata and B. davidii, respectively) were successfully modelled by an upward shift in the seeds’ base water potential (Ψb) during germination. The upwards shift in Ψb was shown to be an asymptotic function of time to germination, but with the rate increased by higher temperatures and moister seed-bed conditions. The physiological and ecological implications of this proposed model of the observed decline in germination at supraoptimal temperatures are discussed.
Canine detection of free-ranging brown treesnakes on Guam

HLQYHVWLJDWHGFDQLQHWHDPV��GRJVDQGWKHLUKDQGOHUV��RQ�*XDPDVDSRWHQWLDOWRROIRU�oQGLQJ� invasive brown treesnakes (Boiga irregularis) in the wild. Canine teams searched a 40 × 40 m forested area for a snake that had consumed a dead mouse containing a radio-transmitter. To avoid tainting the target or target area with human scent, no snake was handled or closely approached prior to searches. Trials were conducted during the morning when these nocturnal snakes were usually hidden in refugia. A radiotracker knew the snake's location, but dog handlers and search navigators did not. Of 85 trials conducted over four months, the WZRFDQLQHWHDPVKDGDQDYHUDJHVXFFHVVUDWHRI�����RIFRUUHFWO\�GHoQLQJDQDUHD�i���O���PWKDW� FRQWDLQHG� the transmittered snake; the team with more experience prior to the trials had a success rate of 44% compared with 26% for the less experienced team. Canine teams also found 11 shed skins from wild snakes. Although dogs alerted outside the vicinity of transmittered snakes, only one wild, non-transmittered snake was found GXULQJWKHWULDOV��SRVVLEO\�UH? HFWLQJWKHGLIoFXOW\�KXPDQVKDYHLQORFDWLQJQRQWUDQVPLWWHUHGEURZQWUHHVQDNHV� LQUHIXJLD���:HHYDOXDWHGVXFFHVVDW�oQGLQJVQDNHVDVDIXQFWLRQRIFDQLQHWHDP��QXPEHURISULRUWULDOV��LH�� H(SHULHQFHJDLQHGGXULQJWKHWULDOV���UHFHQWFDQLQHVXFFHVVDW�oQGLQJDWDUJHWVQDNH��YDULRXVHQYLURQPHQWDO� conditions, snake perch height, and snake characteristics (snout-vent length and sex). Success rate increased over the course of the trials. Canine team success also increased with increasing average humidity and decreased with increasing average wind speed. Our results suggest dogs could be useful at detecting brown treesnakes in refugia, particularly when compared to daytime visual searches by humans, but techniques are needed to help KXPDQV�oQGDQGH(WUDFWVQDNHVRQFHDGRJKDVDOHUWHG�
Zeta potential measurements of cell wall preparations from Regnellidium diphyllum and Nymphoides peltata

Cell wall particles were prepared from the semi-aquatic plants Regnellidium diphyllum and Nymphoides peltata with minimum disruption to the integrity of the cell wall. The behaviour of freshly-prepared and frozen-thawed particles in a D.C. electric field was monitored with a microscope attached to video recording apparatus. (.)
Composition of stem essential oil of Chromolaena odorata (L.) from Nigeria

Stem of Chromolaena odorata (Asteraceae) was harvested and the oil extracted by hydro distillation method using Clevenger apparatus. The components in the oil were identified and quantified using Gas chromatography (GC) and Gas chromatography – Mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Twenty compounds were identified in the oil, representing 99.46% of the oil. The major components identified in the oil are α-pinene (13.60 %,), caryophyllene (9.20%), Bicyclo [7.2. 0] undec-4-ene (6.76%), β- pinene (4.83%) and Germacrene D (4.70%).