Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Práticas de manejo sanitário e frequência de doenças em ovinos leiteiros na Argentina

A cross-sectional survey of 19 dairy sheep farms in Argentina was carried out with the purpose to know farm management, health practices, and occurrence and mortality of diseases. The survey comprised 40% of all sheep milking farms in Argentina. A questionnaire was conducted by way of personal interviews with sheep owners during farm visits. The proportions of farms reporting routine vaccination for clostridial diseases, contagious ecthyma, pneumonia and mineral and vitamin parenteral administration were 63%, 47.3%, 16.6% and 42.1% respectively. Regular treatment against lice was used in 37.5% of the farms, and 89.5% o the farmers treated against gastrointestinal nematodes (GIN). The mean number of GIN drenches per farm was 2.26±1.78 annually. In 68.4% of the milking flocks the California Mastitis Test was regularly done and 55.6% of the farmer managers had sampled their flocks once a year for Brucella ovis antibodies. During the pre-mating period respectively 68.4% and 50% of farmers clinically examined their rams and ewe for general health and teeth condition. The udders of ewes were frequently inspected at the start of each milking period. The most important parasite problems noticed were GIN (reported by 57.9% of farmers), lice (57.9%) and scabies (10.5%) and the most frequent infectious diseases were ecthyma (73.7%), pneumonia and other respiratory problems (57.9%), clinical mastitis (55.6%), clostridial diseases (36.9%) and foot lameness (35.2%). Photosensitivity (47.4%) and ruminal acidosis (42.1%) were reported as other frequent toxic or metabolic disorders. Owners mentioned that the mean lifespan or milk productive time per ewe was 4.5±1.4 years. Perinatal lamb mortality was 8.5% and the total flock mortality rates, above the first 24 h of life was 6.9%. The high rates of lamb mortality during the pre-weaning (10.3%) and post-weaning (5.9%) periods indicate that this problem, as well as the most prevalent diseases, should be the subject of further studies.
Wealth Tax Within Europe In The Context Of A Possible Implementation In Romania – The Existing Wealth Tax And Its Decline In Europe

The purpose of this paper is to focus our attention on the conceptual basis upon which the wealth tax system may be implemented in Romania taking into consideration former and actual presence of wealth tax within Europe. The idea of increasing the taxable basis based on imposing the wealth constitutes one of the most important debate topics on the agenda of the Romanian Parliament and Government and also within specialists’ theoretical approaches. The vast range of such approaches and further solutions is to be analysed in the global context of direct taxation in Europe and worldwide and particularly relevant for the complexity of the problem is the evolution of wealth tax during the last decades and also the very important context of moving corporate main offices in countries with more advantageous systems of taxation.
Paralisia facial e síndrome vestibular de bovinos em confinamento

This paper reports 6 outbreaks of neurological disease associated with paralysis of the facial and vestibulocochlear nerves caused by intracranial space occupying lesions in feedlot cattle. The clinical signs observed were characterized by head tilt, uni or bilateral drooping and paralysis of the ears, eyelid ptosis, keratoconjunctivitis, and different degrees of ataxia. Morbidity and mortality rates ranged from 1.1 to 50% and 0 to 1%, respectively. Gross lesions observed included yellow, thickened leptomeninges, and marked enlargement of the roots of cranial nerves VII (facial) and VIII (vestibulocochlear). Histopathologically, there was severe, chronic, granulomatous meningitis and, in one case, chronic, granulomatous neuritis of the VII and VIII cranial nerves. Attempts to identify bacterial, viral, or parasitic agents were unsuccessful. Based on the morphologic lesions, the clinical condition was diagnosed as facial paralysis and vestibular syndrome associated with space occupying lesions in the meninges and the cranial nerves VII and VIII. Feedlot is a practice of growing diffusion in our country and this is a first report of outbreaks of facial paralysis and vestibular disease associated with space occupying lesions in Argentina.
Session RPE and stress tolerance in young volleyball and basketball players

The present study investigated the effect of training load distribution on the perceived sources and symptoms of stress during 6 weeks of sports training in young athletes. The session RPE method and the DALDA questionnaire were used to assess internal training load and stresstolerance. Twenty young men athletes participated in this study. Repeated measures ANOVArevealed higher training loads in the first and second weeks of training (p 400 AU) (two-way ANOVA, p<0.05). The present findings support the hypothesis that the internal training load (session RPE) affects stress tolerance. These results emphasize the importance of regular training monitoring in order to reduce the occurrence of deleterious adaptations and to optimize desired adaptive responses.
Trade-offs between herbivore resistance and competitiveness in periphyton of acidified lakes

It was hypothesized that herbivores regulate periphyton succession in acidified lakes by suppressing loosely attached filamentous algae that otherwise persist and outcompete other growth forms for resources, such as dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC). This hypothesis was tested by conducting grazer-exclosure experiments over an ice-free season in acidified and circumneutral lakes that differed in DIC concentrations. In each lake, the two-factor experimental design had two herbivore (presence-absence) and five succession (early-late) treatments. Total periphyton biomass was greater and significantly suppressed by herbivores in the circumneutral lake. Here, acid-sensitive green frog (Rana clamitans) tadpoles suppressed loosely attached (i.e., zygnematacean taxa) while stimulating firmly attached (i.e., Coleochaete scutata) algae, causing succession towards a herbivore-resistant physiognomy. Conversely, a loosely attached and tall physiognomy persisted in the absence of significant grazing and greater resource.
A New Method for Delay-Independent Stability of Time-Delayed Systems

A new method is presented for determining delay-independent stability zones of the general LTI dynamics with multiple delays against parametric uncertainties. This method utilizes extended kronecker summation and unique properties of self-inversive polynomials. Self-inversive polynomials are special polynomials which exert useful tools for examination of the distribution of its zeros. A sufficient condition for delay-independent stability is presented. The main foci in this paper is a novel approach to the robustness of the time-delayed systems. A new sufficient condition for delay-independent stability is introduced. These new concepts are also demonstrated via some example case studies.
Heterogeneity of Light Availability and its Effects on Simulated Carbon Gain of Tree Leaves in a Small Gap and the Understory in a Tropical Rain Forest 1

To clarify the small‐scale heterogeneity of light regimes in a rain forest, photosynthetic photon flux density (PFD) was measured at 1‐min intervals during six days at 12 microsites in each of two plots, a small gap and an understory in Pasoh Forest Reserve, Peninsular Malaysia. Frequency distribution of microsite PFD was unimodal with the peak value between 16 and 32 μmol/m2/sec in the small gap, but between 8 and 16 μmol/m2/sec in the understory. In the small gap, PFD was more variable among microsites; total daily PFD and daily sunfleck PFD exceeding 10 μmol/ m2/sec tended to be higher (P <0.05; t‐test) compared to those in the understory. Sunfleck PFD exceeding 50 μmol/ m2/sec, however, showed no difference between the two plots. Diffuse PFD transmittance, defined as the ratio of PFD in the forest to that measured at 43 m above ground during the periods 0800‐0810 and 1750‐1800 h, was significantly higher in the small gap than in the understory plot. Diffuse PFD transmittance was also positively correlated with microsite total daily PFD. To examine the effects of the subtle heterogeneity of light regimes on leaf carbon gain, we simulated carbon gain by sun and shade leaves in a typical shade‐tolerant species, Brosimum aticastrum Sw. (Moraceae). Despite the similarity in total daily PFD, total daily carbon gain was considerably higher in the gap than in the understory for both sun and shade leaves. This study suggests that frequency distribution of PFD is critical in describing microsite PFD regimes and determining leaf carbon gain in the tropical forest floor.
Use of Herbal Preparations in Dry Cow Management against Sub Clinical Mastitis - An Alternative Approach

Sub clinical mastitis is the most prevalent disease in the dairy cows due to managemental problem whichcauses huge economic losses to the farmers. Animals are susceptible to new intramammary infections bothat the beginning and end of dry period. Dry cow management is an important tool to control sub clinicalmastitis. Managing dry cows by use of an antibiotics causes a detrimental effect on both human and animalhealth. So, at present herbs are gaining importance for treating the cow against mastitis. Use of herbalpreparations by intramammary route, teat sealants either internally or externally or combination therapycan help in the reduction of new intramammary infections as well as cure existing infection from the udderof cow. Hence, use of herbal preparations to control sub clinical mastitis in dairy cow can be an innovativeand alternative approach in cattle health care practices.
Inhibition of Botrytis cinerea by Epirodin: A Secondary Metabolite from New Zealand Isolates of Epicoccum nigrum

Many isolates of the saprophytic fungus Epicoccum nigrum produce yellow compounds that diffuse readily into culture media. Historically, two such compounds have been identified; flavipin and epirodin both reported to have antimicrobial properties. Preliminary studies on 280 New Zealand isolates of E. nigrum confirmed that all but two produced a yellow, intensely pigmented substance in sufficient amounts to inhibit the germination of Botrytis cinerea conidia. The compound produced by the inhibitory isolates is epirodin, a polyene antibiotic. Five representative E. nigrum isolates were selected for further investigation. Two of these produced relatively large amounts of epirodin and, in a diffusible metabolite assay, reduced germination of B. cinerea conidia by up to 94%. Another isolate produced a trace amount of epirodin and had no effect on the germination of B. cinerea conidia or on germ tube morphology. The two remaining isolates produced intermediate amounts of epirodin and were only moderately inhibitory to the germination of B. cinerea conidia and to germ tube morphology. In slide dual-culture experiments, epirodin appeared to concentrate in conidia and mycelia of B. cinerea. In acid conditions, as on dual-culture slides of E. nigrum and B. cinerea, the yellow-coloured epirodin underwent a hypsochromic shift, changing colour to become red. The relationship between epirodin production and the suppression of Botrytis growth and development was further investigated using necrotic kiwifruit leaf discs. The E. nigrum isolate that produced the greatest amount of epirodin almost completely inhibited the growth and development of B. cinerea on the leaf discs. In contrast, the efficacy of E. nigrum isolates which produced less epirodin ranged from 78% to just 23%. This is the first report of epirodin production by New Zealand isolates of E. nigrum, and we conclude that isolates that produce high concentrations of epirodin may have potential for plant disease control.
CANDIDATUS PHYTOPLASMA PRUNORUM, THE CAUSAL AGENT OF EUROPEAN STONE FRUIT YELLOWS: AN OVERVIEW

‘Candidatus Phytoplasma prunorum’ is an important prokaryotic pathogen that infects stone fruits in Europe. It is known to cause several economically relevant disorders of Prunus spp. which are collectively referred to as European stone fruit yellows (ESFY). This organism is phylogenetically closely related to other important fruit trees pathogens such as apple proliferation (AP), pear decline (PD) and peach yellow leaf roll (PYLR) agents. Together they form a distinct phylogenetic cluster, the AP or 16SrX group. Like the other fruit tree phytoplasmas of the AP group, ‘Ca. P. prunorum’ exhibits a high host specificity. In nature, this pathogen has been reported to infect only plants in the genus Prunus and to be transmitted by one insect vector species, the psyllid (Psyllidae) Cacopsylla pruni. Also, ‘Ca. P. prunorum’ includes strains which greatly differ in virulence. This review summarizes the current knowledge of ‘Ca. P. prunorum’ with emphasis on advances that have been made during the last two decades in understanding molecular and epidemiological aspects. Prospects for disease management and future research which could provide insights into the largely unknown mechanisms involved in pathogenicity of ‘Ca. P. prunorum’, are also critically discussed.
Adenomyosis in patients undergoing hysterectomy for leiomyomas: A retrospective study

Aim: To identify the prevalence of Adenomyosis in patents who underwent hysterectomy for fibroid uterus, and to correlate patient profile, clinical finding and reproductive characteristics. Methodology: This is a retrospective study conducted at ESIC Medical College and PGIMSR, Rajajinagar Bangalore. Women who underwent abdominal or vaginal hysterectomy for proven uterine leiomyomas on ultrasonography with or without oophorectomy in a 3 year period from 2013 to 2016 were included in the study. Retrospectively data was collected from medical records regarding age, parity, presenting symptoms, histopathological report of hysterectomy specimen for evidence of concurrent adenomyosis. Statistical analysis of data was carried out using SPSS statistical software. Quantative data were analysed with mean, median and standard deviation. Qualitative data (categorical) were analysed with percentages and frequencies. Results: We had 180 patients who underwent hysterectomy with or without oophorectomy for fibroid uterus in our study period. Out of which 108(60%) patients were found to have adenomyosis. Adenomyosis was more commonly seen in patients with older age group than with patients with fibroid alone. The patients with concurrent adenomyosis significantly presented with dysmenorrhoea (P-0.001) and pelvic pain (P-<0.001), also the size of the uterus at the time of surgery was less than 12week in a significant population (P-0.243). Reproductive data between the two cohort, showed that significant patients with leiomyomas alone were nulliparous (P-0.015) and as parity increased to two or more the patients were prone to have concurrent Adenomyosis (P-0.008). Conclusion: Our study shows that 60% of patients who underwent hysterectomy for fibroid uterus had concurrent Adenomyosis. Patients with concurrent Adenomyosis more frequently presented with Dysmenorrhoea and pelvic pain than with patients with fibroid alone. As the parity increased the risk of having co existing adenomyosis also increased significantly. A detail history obtained from the patients with reproductive history along with use of modern non-invasive diagnostic imaging modality like transvaginal ultrasonography, magnetic resonance imaging and nuclear magnetic resonance can aid in the diagnosis of Adenomyosis in patients prior to hysterectomy.
Survival and growth of juvenile Virola surinamensis in Panama: effects of herbivory and canopy closure

Abstract Effects of mammalian herbivory and seasonal drought were studied for Virola surinamensis (Myristicaceae) juveniles on Barro Colorado Island, Panama. Seedlings were planted at three months of age and the juveniles were monitored for two years; Treatments included: intact plants protected from mammals by cages, defoliated plants similarly protected, and unprotected plants, each planted in treefall gaps, on gap edges, and in the shaded understorey. Juveniles planted in treefall gaps survived seasonal drought far better than those planted on gap edges or in shaded understorey. Two years after establishment, juveniles protected from mammalian herbivory showed a 78% survival in gaps (mean 6.8% skylight), 50% survival on gap edges (mean 3.0% skylight), and 33% survival in shaded understorey (1.4% skylight). This advantage was due to accelerated growth in gaps. Juveniles in gaps increased 616% in height, 1075% in leaf number, and 1800% in total leaf area. Comparable numbers in edges were 247%, 378% and 690%; in understorey 33%, 222% and 289%. Accelerated growth in gaps permitted yearlings to survive drought that killed suppressed yearlings in understorey. Mean light differentials as small as 0.6% and 0.3% skylight significantly influenced survival on edges and in shaded understorey, respectively. Mammalian herbivory killed juveniles directly, and defoliation by mammals strongly accentuated drought mortality by suppressing root development. Natural defoliation was not attributable to gap conditions. Demographic projections from experimental data suggest that mammalian herbivory kills at least 48% of the juveniles of this species over two years, and contributes to the death of 32% more that actually die of drought stress. These projections suggest that 14% of the juveniles of this species die of drought mortality, independent of herbivory, during the first two years. Herbivory most strongly affects plants < 0.5 m in height, and is a continuing source of mortality among suppressed juveniles in the understorey. Steep slopes and large seed size each enhanced juvenile growth and survival in the intermediate conditions of gap edges, but not under the extreme conditions of gaps or shaded understorey. The context of establishment determines the ‘shade tolerance’ of this conspicuous canopy tree. Without serious mammalian herbivory or extreme dry seasons, V. surinamensis can easily recruit as a shade tolerant plant in the understorey. Under present conditions on Barro Colorado Island, it cannot. Persistence involves both the chances of arrival in different microhabitats, and survival therein. Projections that include both the forest area represented by gaps, gap edges, and understorey and the experimental results from this study indicate that juvenile V. surinamensis can survive for two years in gaps, edges, and understorey, but that the higher proportions of vigorous individuals survive in edges, gaps and understorey, respectively.
Three-dimensional multi-robot control to chase a target while not being observed

This article introduces a 3-D multi-robot chasing controller to make a team of robots get closer to a target while not being observed by the target. Assume that the target has sensors, such as radar or sonar, to observe an incoming vehicle. In the team, one robot, the leader, has a stealth capability such that it is not observable by the sensors of the target while getting closer to the target. The leader is controlled such that it chases the target while remaining at the same bearing line from the target to the leader. Considering the case in which the target can only measure optical flow, the target can hardly observe the leader’s motion. We control every robot, other than the leader, such that a detection pulse signal generated from the target’s sensor reaches no robot, since the signal is attenuated by the stealth leader. In this manner, even if multiple robots approach the target, the target observes no robot. We prove that under our 3-D multi-agent control with some condition satisfied, multiple robots can approach the target in a stealthy manner while avoiding colliding with each other. In this article, we use simulations to demonstrate the effectiveness of our 3-D multi-agent controller.
Oxidation and Corrosion Behavior of (Cu-10Cu2O) - (NiFe2O4-10NiO) Cermet Inert Anode with Interpenetrating Structure

Cermet anodes with a composition of 26 wt % (Cu 10 Cu2O), 74 wt % (NiFe2O4 10 NiO), and interpenetrating structure were prepared via the pressureless infiltration. The air oxidation and electrolytic corrosion in cryolite molten salt of the cermets were studied concerning related microstructure evolution. Results showed that external diffusion oxidation of Cu was the main oxidation mechanism, which led to the formation of a porous zone between the oxidation and un-oxidation zone. The oxidation depth increased along with the higher oxidation temperature; an oxidation depth of 380 μm was confirmed when oxidized at 960 °C for 12 h. The corrosion resistance of the anodes with and without pre-oxidation treatment was similar. The influence of electrolyte on the corrosion was more important than that of the temperature. The corrosion became more serious as the decrease of electrolysis temperature from 960 °C to 800 °C, casued by the decreased current density. With the decrease of current density in the range of 0.2 A/cm 0.8 A/cm, a dense surface layer was more easily formed on the anode bottom. The corrosion of copper oxides was also related to the current density. As the decrease of current density, the corrosion of copper oxide became slower. The side and the bottom were hard to construct synchronously a dense surface layer owing to the uneven electrical distribution.
EXPERIMENTAL STUDIES OF METAMATERIALS APPLICATION IN TRANSMISSION LINES BASED ON COAXIAL WAVEGUIDE

The paper focuses on the use of metamaterials for the improvement of existing microwave devices of the waveguide type. In particular, it describes theoretical and experimental studies of the transmission line based on coaxial waveguide containing metamaterial. Also, the possibility of using metamaterials for the creating a rejection filter based on such transmission line is shown.
Some effects of the 1982-83 drought on water quality and macroinvertebrate fauna in the lower La Trobe River, Victoria

Following severe and prolonged drought, flows in parts of the lower LaTrobe River reached record lows in February 1983. Consequent lack of dilution for wastewater discharges resulted in marked deterioration of water quality, with dissolved oxygen concentration dropping to 2 g m-3 and electrical conductivity rising to 115 mS m-'. Despite these changes there was little alteration in the taxonomic richness or composition of the aquatic macroinvertebrate fauna. Faunal richness in the river downstream from Yallourn was low both before and after the drought, but the causative factors remain obscure.
Countability in Mandarin Chinese: Bridging Theory and Experiments

The present study conducts a systematic investigation of the encoding of countability in three grammatical systems in Mandarin Chinese, including the nominal system, the whpronoun system, and the quantifier system. We examine the countability of linguistic expressions from these three grammatical systems, comparing their countability in the presence/absence of a classifier. A common pattern is identified: classifiers determine the countability of linguistic expressions in the three systems. Our account thus represents a syntactic account of the count-mass in Chinese. We support this theoretical account with three sets of experimental data in Mandarin-speaking adults, and show that the data also militate against the opposing semantic account. The present study contributes new data to the investigation of the count-mass issue in Chinese, and the count-mass issue in general.