Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Synthesis and Luminescent Characteristics of Ce3+-Activated Borosilicate Blue-Emitting Phosphors for LEDs

The phosphors Sr3B2SiO8:Ce3+ have been successfully synthesized via solid-state reaction process. Emission/excitation spectra and photoluminescence decay behaviors were investigated in detail. Under the excitation of 340 nm, the emission spectrum presented an asymmetry emission band extended from 350 to 600 nm, which with the main peak at 425 nm can be fitted in two peaks (23940 cm−1 and 21934 cm−1). The chromaticity coordinates of : Ce3+ are fixed in the blue region; when the intensity of Ce3+ reached the maximum, the chromaticity coordinate is (0.154, 0.088) which is more close to the standard CIE of blue light (0.140, 0.080). The results showed the kind of phosphor may have potential applications in the fields of UV-excited white LEDs.
TAXONOMIC CHAOS IN ASIAN RANID FROGS: AN INITIAL PHYLOGENETIC RESOLUTION

The taxonomy of ranid frogs is in a state of chaos, and Asian ranids are no exception. We undertook an investigation of the phylogenetic relationships of most major groups of Asian ranids using mitochondrial DNA sequences from the 12S, tRNAVal and 16S genes. The resulting phylogenetic hypothesis had varying correspondence with the current taxonomy of the frogs at the subfamilial and generic levels. In order to maintain a taxonomy that reflects phylogenetic history, a number of taxonomic changes are proposed. Within subfamily Raninae, we recognize the genera Rana, Amolops, Hylarana, Odorrana and Nidirana. Recognition of Huia is not supported by our data and the recognition of Pseudorana is equivocal. Tribe Limnonectini is elevated to subfamily Limnonectinae and it contains Limnonectes, Hoplobatrachus and Nanorana. Membership in Genus Limnonectes is redefined. Recognition of genera Paa and Chaparana results in a paraphyletic taxonomy.
Ice nucleators, bacterial cells and Pseudomonas syringae in precipitation at Jungfraujoch

Abstract. Ice nucleation is a means by which the deposition of an airborne microorganism can be accelerated under favourable meteorological conditions. Analysis of 56 snow samples collected at the high-altitude observatory Jungfraujoch (3580 m a.s.l.) revealed an order-of-magnitude-larger dynamic range of ice-nucleating particles active at −8 °C (INPs−8) compared to the total number of bacterial cells (of which on average 60 % was alive). This indicates a shorter atmospheric residence time for INPs−8. Furthermore, concentrations of INPs−8 decreased much faster, with an increasing fraction of water precipitated from the air mass prior to sampling, than the number of total bacterial cells. Nevertheless, at high wind speeds (> 50 km h−1) the ratio of INPs−8 to total bacterial cells largely remained in a range between 10−2 and 10−3, independent of prior precipitation, likely because of recent injections of particles in regions upwind. Based on our field observations, we conclude that ice nucleators travel shorter legs of distance with the atmospheric water cycle than the majority of bacterial cells. A prominent ice-nucleating bacterium, Pseudomonas syringae, has been previously supposed to benefit from this behaviour as a means to spread via the atmosphere and to colonise new host plants. Therefore, we targeted this bacterium with a selective cultivation approach. P. syringae was successfully isolated for the first time at such an altitude in 3 of 13 samples analysed. Colony-forming units of this species constituted a minor fraction (10−4) of the numbers of INPs−8 in these samples. Overall, our findings expand the geographic range of habitats where this bacterium has been found and corroborate theories on its robustness in the atmosphere and its propensity to spread to colonise new habitats.
Application of GA in Optimization of Modified Benzene Alkylation Process

A genetic algorithm is used to optimize the modified benzene alkylation process. Based on the previous studies, the modified process increases ethylbenzene selectivity and decreases energy consumption at the same time. The inlet ethylene flow rate of each alkylation reactor is optimized in order to reduce the chance of transalkylation reactions but increase ethylbenzene selectivity. The byproduct trans-ethylbenzene concentration is used as the fitness variable in the optimization process to confine undesired reactions throughout the process. The obtained optimal values of ethylene flow rate for the adiabatic re­ actors are 3.50, 2.94, 2.58, and 0.36 m3/hr. The ethylbenzene selectivity has been increased by applying the optimized values indicating the current unit is not operating under optimal conditions. Temperature profile within the alkylation reactors and temperature and concentration profiles through the towers of the fraction unit under the optimized conditions of the modified process are also presented.
The Analysis of Using ICT on Knowledge Management in Governmental Organizations in Iran (Case Study: Municipality of Mazandaran Province)

This study was an attempt to investigate the relationship between information and communication technology (ICT) and its components and knowledge management in Iran municipality staff (Mazandaran Province). "Research Methodology" in this study was descriptive and correlational. To fulfill the purpose of this study, 152 staff were selected from among a total number of 250 population based on stratified sampling using Krejcie & Morgan sampling table. "The data collection tools" consisted of two standard questionnaires, including ICT questionnaires (%96 validity) and knowledge management questionnaire (95% validity). "The data analysis method" was inferential statistics conducting by SPSS and LISREL software. "The results" showed that there was a significant relationship between ICT and knowledge management. Also, that there was a significant relationship between ICT components include: "automation", "processing", "storage", "informing" and "communication", and knowledge management. There was not a significant relationship between ICT and knowledge management between men and women. Finally, the relationship between ICT and knowledge management model based on Fit Indices of, properly evaluated.
Physiological and nutrient changes in sweet pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) seedlings caused by cadmium

Cadmium (Cd) is a highly toxic element to living organisms and represents a potential environmental pollution problem. Some crops are severely damaged when grown in the presence of toxic Cd levels, although the extent of the damage varies among species, even among varieties. In this study two Cd concentrations (15 and 30 mM) added to the nutrient solution used for growing Yolo Wonder variety sweet pepper ( Capsicum annuum L.) seedlings were evaluated. As a control, seedlings were kept in a nutrient solution without Cd. The seedlings showed high sensitivity to Cd. Plant height decreased by 22.43 and 36.24 % with the addition of 15 and 30 mM compared to the control treatment, respectively. Also, the foliar area of seedlings treated with 30 mM Cd was reduced by about 80 % compared to control plants. Chlorophyll content (a, b and total) also decreased with the presence of Cd in solution. The accumulation of N, P and K in planta decreased with increasing Cd concentration in the nutrient solution, while Cd accumulation in plant tissue was directly proportional to the Cd level added to the nutrient solution. The accumulation by plant organs in descending order was as follows: roots > leaves > stems.
An Overview of Keratinocyte Carcinoma and Prospective Study on the Accuracy of the Surgeon's Diagnosis of Keratinocyte Carcinoma

This article concerning the rate of accurate diagnosis of keratinocyte carcinoma is reported by experienced surgeons. Keratinocyte carcinoma (KC) has been recently used in order to define basal cell carcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma. Although an histopathologic analysis is standard for diagnosis, clinical diagnosis is still important for the choice of proper treatment. In this prospective study, 204 lesions were excised following clinical pre-diagnosis of keratinocyte carcinoma. The lesions were excised from the proper surgical limit for clinical diagnosis and sent for histopathologic examination. We have seen that we frequently confuse BCC s and SCC s with actinic keratosis. According to these results, we found that our accurate diagnosis rate was 82% for BCC and 78.8% for SCC. When compared with the results in the literature, our accurate diagnosis rate is high. We believe that the gross examination of the lesion should be assessed with details such as age of the patient, sex, profession, and commencement and development of the lesion, as these factors are very useful in achieving a high rate of accuracy in the definitive diagnosis. We consider that accurate clinical pre-diagnosis is very important in the pigmented lesions, since the surgeon will define the excision margin in accordance with this. In the case of wrong pre-diagnosis of benign tumor, the residue tumor risk will increase. These lesions must be assessed by experienced doctors before excision.
Some Alternate Characterizations of Reliability Domination

An important problem in reliability theory is to determine the reliability of a system from the reliability of its components. If E is a finite set of components, then certain subsets of E are prescribed to be the operating states of the system. A formation is any collection F of minimal operating states whose union is E. Reliability domination is defined as the total number of odd cardinality formations minus the total number of even cardinality formations. The purpose of this paper is to establish some new results concerning reliability domination. In the special case where the system can be identified with a graph or digraph, these new results lead to some new graph-theoretic properties and to simple proofs of certain known theorems. The pertinent graph-theoretic properties include spanning trees, acyclic orientations, Whitney's broken cycles, and Tutte's internal activity associated with the chromatic polynomial.
The Eco-Environmental Fragility Assessment of Ningdong Base

We select the Ningdong Energy and Chemistry Industry Base (referred to as Ningdong Base) as research object and take the ecological environment as evaluating target. According to the subject and object factors, the SVM model of ecological environment vulnerability assessment is constructed by using principal component analysis method. We embed GA in SVM to optimize its structure and parameters. SVM model is simple, universal, and accurate, and it can be applied in evaluation of eco-environmental vulnerability in practice. Also, we compare our evaluation results with the the BP-ANN model’s results. Then, we draw a conclusion that the ecological environment vulnerability of the Ningdong Base is the second level, which belongs to moderate vulnerability. Finally, the causes of vulnerability formation are analyzed. Keywordseco-environmental fragility; assessment; SVM; Ningdong Base
Considerations for Choosing Appropriate Animal Models to Study Inflammatory Bowel Disease

This article examines several animal models used to investigate mechanisms involved in the induction and progression of inflammatory bowel disease in people. The use of appropriate animal models to study intestinal inflammation requires careful consideration as each model has strengths and limitations for investigating disease, and no single model provides a complete understanding of the disease process. In as such, it compels researchers to carefully contemplate the advantages and disadvantages of each animal model, and to consider the process of choosing the best animal model(s) as an essential component of the experimental design.
Study on Ontology-based Semantic Extraction Method for Heterogeneous Data

In allusion to scientific data isomerism and diversity as well as the lack of semantics in petroleum domain, this paper puts forward ontology-based semantic extraction method for heterogeneous data. Firstly, semantic extraction framework for scientific data in petroleum domain is constructed. On this basis, corresponding semantic transformation and abstract rules are worked out in allusion to structured and semi-structured data to form local domain ontology. Then, overall ontology in petroleum domain of data is constructed through dependence mapping among heterogeneous data. Effective organization and uniform management of heterogeneous data are achieved. Finally, correlation methods are applied in petroleum domain to provide support for effective management of petroleum scientific data and service sharing.
1 Simultaneous Ascending Auctions

The simultaneous ascending auction has proved to be a successful method of auctioning many related items. Simultaneous sale and ascending bids promote price discovery, which helps bidders build desirable packages of items. Although package bids are not allowed, the auction format does handle mild complementarities well. I examine the auction design and its performance in practice.
Probing the mass assembly of massive nearby galaxies with deep imaging

Abstract According to a popular scenario supported by numerical models, the mass assembly and growth of massive galaxies, in particular the Early-Type Galaxies (ETGs), is, below a redshift of 1, mainly due to the accretion of multiple gas–poor satellites. In order to get observational evidence of the role played by minor dry mergers, we are obtaining extremely deep optical images of a complete volume limited sample of nearby ETGs. These observations, done with the CFHT as part of the ATLAS3D, NGVS and MATLAS projects, reach a stunning 28.5 – 29 mag.arcsec−2 surface brightness limit in the g' band. They allow us to detect the relics of past collisions such as faint stellar tidal tails as well as the very extended stellar halos which keep the memory of the last episodes of galactic accretion. Images and preliminary results from this on-going survey are presented, in particular a possible correlation between the fine structure index (which parametrizes the amount of tidal perturbation) of the ETGs, their stellar mass, effective radius and gas content.
Quantifying object and material surface areas in residences

The dynamic behavior of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in indoor environments depends, in part, on sorptive interactions between VOCs in the gas phase and material surfaces. Since information on the types and quantities of interior material surfaces is not generally available, this pilot-scale study was conducted in occupied residences to develop and demonstrate a method for quantifying surface areas of objects and materials in rooms. Access to 33 rooms in nine residences consisting of bathrooms, bedroom/offices and common areas was solicited from among research group members living in the East San Francisco Bay Area. A systematic approach was implemented for measuring rooms and objects from 300 cm 2 and larger. The ventilated air volumes of the rooms were estimated and surface area-to-volume ratios were calculated for objects and materials, each segregated into 20 or more categories. Total surface area-to-volume ratios also were determined for each room. The bathrooms had the highest total surface area-to-volume ratios. Bedrooms generally had higher ratios than common areas consisting of kitchens, living/dining rooms and transitional rooms. Total surface area-tovolume ratios for the 12 bedrooms ranged between 2.3 and 4.7 m 2 m -3 . The importance of individual objects and materials with respect to sorption will depend upon the sorption coefficients for the various VOC/materials combinations. When combined, the highly permeable material categories, which may contribute to significant interactions, had a median ratio of about 0.5 m 2 m -3 for all three types of rooms.
Incidence and antibiotic susceptibility of MRSA infections in a Saudi Arabian Hospital: a 10-year surveillance study.

INTRODUCTION Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) infections remain prevalent and are associated with significant morbidity and mortality. The aim of the present study was to investigate the epidemiology of MRSA infections and antibiotic susceptibility in Qatif, Saudi Arabia. METHODOLOGY All patients who had positive culture for S. aureus from January 1, 2006 through December 31, 2015 were enrolled and analyzed in WHONET, a free database software developed by the World Health Organization (WHO). Patients' data were collected from electronic medical records and traditional chart reviews to determine whether MRSA acquisition was likely to have been in the community or in the healthcare facility. Susceptibility results for community-associated (CA)-MRSA were compared with isolates from healthcare setting. RESULTS A total of 3395 patients with S. aureus infections were analyzed, with an overall annual MRSA incidence of 25 cases per 100,000 patients (27% of total S. aureus isolates). While the majority (64%) of MRSA infections occurred in healthcare setting, CA-MRSA isolation increased steadily from 23% in 2006 to 60% in 2015, exceeding rate of isolation of healthcare-associated (HA)-MRSA. Skin and soft tissue, the lung and blood stream were the most common sites of infection, with 20% to 35% of MRSA infections occurring in pediatric patients. In the inpatient setting, the majority of infections due to MRSA were in surgical wards and critical care units. Compared with CA-MRSA, HA-MRSA isolates turned out to be more frequently resistant against ciprofloxacin, clindamycin, erythromycin, tetracycline, and trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole. CONCLUSIONS Staphylococcus aureus continues to cause multiple site infections with a relatively stable methicillin-resistance rate, but the isolation of MRSA from the community is increasing.
Microalgae as the Predominant Food Source in a Tropical Forest Stream Stable Isotope Analysis Indicates Microalgae as the Predominant Food Source of Fauna in a Coastal Forest Stream , Southeast Brazil

Stable isotope studies of food webs in floodplains, large rivers, mangrove, and seagrasses have shown that, although a large proportion of the biomass may come from higher plants, microalgae provide a disproportionate amount of carbon assimilated by metazoan consumers. Evidence is building up that this may also be the case for streams, especially those in the tropics. At the level of individual consumer species we also see that the apparent diet may not be reflected in the carbon assimilated. Tropical streams commonly have omnivore-detritivore species that potentially show this phenomenon. We tested these concepts in four moderately shaded sites in a stream in well-preserved Atlantic rainforest at Ilha Grande, Rio de Janeiro. We sampled aquatic insects, shrimps and fish as well as potential terrestrial and aquatic primary food sources. Carbon stocks from terrestrial sources predominated over carbon of algal origin (>99% of total). The primary sources of carbon showed distinctly different isotopic signatures: terrestrial sources had δC values close to -30‰, microalgae were -20‰ and macroalgae were -25‰. All fauna had δC values consistent with a carbon source derived from microalgae. Baetid mayflies and atyid shrimps exert a strong grazing pressure on periphyton and organic sediments but appear to assimilate predominantly microalgae. The palaemonid shrimp Macrobrachium olfersi also ingests large amounts of detritus of terrestrial origin, but apparently assimilates animal prey with algal δC signatures. These results support the growing view that tropical stream food chains are primarily algal based.
The Effect of Trained Principals on the Professional (Self) Development of Employees

The matter election of principal in schools can sometimes become a political issue. All political parties are interested in this position, especially the ones that are now in power. The work of a principal is a rather complex activity, especially during the time of transition, when teachers, who are managed by the principals, expect the implementation of every outlined change and to achieve the goals of educational reform. Principals often must struggle to supervise teachers and deal with difficulties, because during their professional development they did not acquire basic competency in management, or management in education. This article discusses research among the main participants in education (teachers, principals, and advisors) and examines what kind of influence education has on principals’ ability to provide leadership in times of change. The results of this research show that leadership in schools is more efficient if principals are more educated in disciplines such as management in education.
Review of Photochemical Smog Pollution in Jakarta Metropolitan, Indonesia

An analysis of photochemical smog pollution in Jakarta was attempted using data from the existing air quality monitoring stations. Ground-level ozone potential is high in Jakarta due to the high traffic emissions of ozone precursors and the favorable surface meteorological conditions. Despite the frequent missing data during the 1996-1999 monitoring, which resulted in lower ozone values, ozone episodes were significantly recorded in 1997-1998. The number of hours on which ozone concentrations exceed the 1-hour standard (100 ppb) at an ambient station located in Kelapa Gading (10 km northeast of city center) was 186 hrs in 1997 and 571 hrs in 1998. El Nino phenomenon in 1997-1998 had affected the local meteorology leading to more favorable conditions for photochemical production of ozone. The annual ozone averages in ambient stations located off the city center have exceeded the 1-year standard limit (15 ppb). Although the annual average and 95-percentile values indicated an increasing trend from 1996 to 1998, the trend remains to be seen in the future as more complete data could be expected from the new monitoring system. The number of hours on which ozone exceed the 1-hour standard and the annual average tend to be increasing since 2001 to 2002 in all 3 newly operated stations. The seasonal variations of ozone indicate that ozone level is highest in the dry season (September-November) and is lowest in the wet season (December-March). Correlation between ozone level and meteorological attributes (solar radiation, relative humidity and temperature) was significant at 0.01 confidence level. The diurnal cycle of ozone and its precursors is clearly shown and is typical for polluted urban areas. Improvement of the database of air quality monitoring is very critical for Jakarta. Through better database management, the development and monitoring of cost-effective air pollution control strategy can be made.