Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Dynamic Multicast Traffic Grooming Using Light Trails in Elastic Optical Networks

Traffic grooming is a technique that integrates multiple low-rate traffic into a single communication channel to improve bandwidth usage efficiency. Light trail is a technology that allows traffic to be optically groomed into an optical channel at source and intermediate nodes. Traffic on a light trail can be dropped at multiple nodes along the light trail such that multicast connections can be efficiently provisioned. This paper considers using light trail technology in elastic optical networks and studies dynamic multicast grooming problem in such networks. An auxiliary graph is devised to study the dynamic traffic grooming problem. Based on the auxiliary graph, a dynamic multicast traffic grooming algorithm that employs both light trail and light path grooming is proposed. The proposed dynamic multicast traffic grooming algorithm is shown via simulations to yield better performance than an algorithm that uses only light path grooming.
A Quad-port MIMO Antenna with Beam Switching and Pattern Reconfiguration Capability for UWB Applications

A quad port antenna configuration with four antipodal vivaldi radiating elements is presented in this paper. The proposed Multiple Input Multiple Output (MIMO) antenna consists of multiple switches and no parasitic elements like directors or reflectors, to exhibit beam switching and pattern reconfiguration. The absence of these elements reduces the design complexity. The radiation of the proposed antenna can be switched along +y, -x, -y and +x directions, if the antenna is placed in xy- plane. The proposed antenna operates over Ultra Wide Band (UWB) band of 3.1GHz to 10.6GHz making it as a promising choice for futuristic applications like Internet of Things (IoT).
Cooperative Adaptive Cruise Control With Adaptive Kalman Filter Subject to Temporary Communication Loss

Cooperative adaptive cruise control (CACC) communicates the relevant preceding vehicle state data to the follower (ego) vehicle to improve the vehicle following capabilities. In general, the CACC utilizes the preceding vehicle’s desired acceleration from wireless communication as a feedforward term in the controller of the ego vehicle, which dominantly determines the total control input. However, communication loss would degrade CACC to adaptive cruise control (ACC), where the lack of the feedforward term during communication loss would increase the inter-vehicular distance or, otherwise, may lead to collision during vehicle emergency braking. This paper proposes a control algorithm with an adaptive Kalman filter estimating the acceleration of a preceding vehicle, and the estimated acceleration is implemented as a feedforward signal in the ego-vehicle CACC controller in case of communication loss. The proposed control algorithm is evaluated by the experiments using mobile robots that emulate driving. In addition, the simulations of real vehicles are also conducted. The results of simulations and robot experiments show that the performance of implementing the adaptive Kalman filter during communication loss is better than fallback to ACC and the normal Kalman filter based on the Singer model.
Time-Based Connotation Rule Mining Based on T-Apriori Algorithm Using Weka Tool Slants

Another calculation "T-Apriori" in light of time essential is orchestrated and acknowledged subject to looking into the related definitions and general strides of passing ARM. The musings of environmental occasion and plan of natural occasions are proposed and the issues of transient ARM in context of a movement of normal occasions are investigated in central focuses. A movement of natural occasions is an organized regular occasions set. Red tide miracles of noctiluca scintillans amidst 1991 and 1992 in Dapeng limits, South China Sea was taken for instance to embrace T-Apriori tally and K - gathers gathering examination is utilized to plot quantitative association rules issue into the Boolean AR issue. Our perspective examination displays that T-Apriori calculation can suitably disengage transient connection rules which delineated the close-by relationship between standard variables and noctiluca scintillans occasions.
Intelligent Intersection Management Systems Considering Autonomous Vehicles: A Systematic Literature Review

Over the past several decades, the development of technologies and the production of autonomous vehicles have enhanced the need for intelligent intersection management systems. Subsequently, growing interest in studying the traffic management of autonomous vehicles at intersections has been evident, which indicates a critical need to conduct a systematic literature review on this topic. This paper offers a systematic review of the proposed methodologies for intelligent intersection management systems and presents the remaining research gaps and possible future research approaches. We consider both pure autonomous vehicle traffic and mixed traffic at four-way signalized and unsignalized intersection(s). We searched for articles published from 2008 to 2019, and identified 105 primary studies. We applied the thematic analysis method to analyze the extracted data, which led to the identification of four main classes of methodologies, namely rule-based, optimization, hybrid, and machine learning methods. We also compared how well the methods satisfy their goals, namely efficiency, safety, ecology, and passenger comfort. This analysis allowed us to determine the primary challenges of the presented methodologies and propose new approaches in this area.
Circularly polarized L shape diversity antenna for WiMAX applications

This paper presents a compact MIMO antenna for WiMAX application. The proposed configuration exhibit circular polarization for an impedance bandwidth of 1.5 GHz approximately. To improve isolation performance a modified split ring resonator is introduced. The total surface area of MIMO configuration is $29 \times 23.9\ \mathbf{mm}^{2}$. The proposed configuration is measured for transmission, radiation and diversity characteristics. The measured results indicate the suitability of the proposed antenna for WiMAX applications
User Pairing and Power Allocation for Capacity Maximization in Uplink NOMA

This paper focuses on user pairing (UP) and power allocation (PA) by considering an uplink Non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA) system. In NOMA, UP and PA serve as critical factors to achieve high performance gains. In this context, channel gains of paired users and their PA factors are varied to comprehensively analyze the dynamics of UP and PA in the context of individual and sum capacity of paired users. On the basis of this analysis, a look-up table is provided, which shows that efficient UP and PA can maximize the sum capacity of an uplink NOMA system, while satisfying the individual target rates of the paired users. Moreover, a mechanism to choose the best user pair and corresponding PA by using such tables is also discussed for swift UP and PA.
A W-Band transmitter channel with 16dBm output power and a receiver channel with 58.6mW DC power consumption using heterogeneously integrated InP HBT and Si CMOS technologies

We report a high output power transmitter and a low DC power receiver front-end channels of a phased array transceiver, designed in heterogeneously integrated 250 nm InP HBT and 130 nm Si CMOS technologies. The transmitter channel consists of a variable gain amplifier, an IQ-vector-modulator-based phase shifter, and a power amplifier. External Analog control signals are used to adjust the phase shifter and VGA states. The transmitter has a saturated output power of 16dBm at 90GHz while consuming 885mW DC power. The receiver channel uses a low noise amplifier with a similar phase shifter, and a variable gain amplifier. 4-bit DACs are implemented in the CMOS to control the phase shifter and VGA. The overall the receiver channel has ~26dB small signal gain at 58.6 mW DC power dissipation. The areas of the transmitter and receiver channels are 2.7x0. 81mm2 and 2.1x0. 76mm2 respectively.
Modeling and Comparison of Passive Component Volume of Hybrid Resonant Switched-Capacitor Converters

Hybrid and resonant switched-capacitor (ReSC) converters enable efficient utilization of both active and passive components, and have the potential to achieve higher efficiency and higher power density than conventional SC and magnetic-based converters. One or more added inductors offer an additional degree of freedom in the design space, and it is of great interest to understand the trade-offs between capacitor and inductor allocation, for different circuit topologies. In this work, we present a method to analyze and optimize the total passive component volume from the energy/power transfer perspective. It is shown that the passive volume can be expressed and optimized as a function of flying capacitor voltage ripple, and no detailed operating conditions (e.g., Pout, fsw, L and C values) are needed. Moreover, a normalized passive volume parameter is proposed for simple and fair topology comparison. Along with the normalized switch stress parameter (based on switch VA ratings), a framework to showcase the relative performance of ReSC topologies is created. The metrics proposed in this work can be used to visualize and compare the passive and active component utilizations among different topologies.
Impact of ECG Dataset Diversity on Generalization of CNN Model for Detecting QRS Complex

Detection of QRS complexes in electrocardiogram (ECG) signal is crucial for automated cardiac diagnosis. Automated QRS detection has been a research topic for over three decades and several of the traditional QRS detection methods show acceptable detection accuracy, however, the applicability of these methods beyond their study-specific databases was not explored. The non-stationary nature of ECG and signal variance of intra and inter-patient recordings impose significant challenges on single QRS detectors to achieve reasonable performance. In real life, a promising QRS detector may be expected to achieve acceptable accuracy over diverse ECG recordings and, thus, investigation of the model’s generalization capability is crucial. This paper investigates the generalization capability of convolutional neural network (CNN) based-models from intra (subject wise leave-one-out and five-fold cross validation) and inter-database (training with single and multiple databases) points-of-view over three publicly available ECG databases, namely MIT-BIH Arrhythmia, INCART, and QT. Leave-one-out test accuracy reports 99.22%, 97.13%, and 96.25% for these databases accordingly and inter-database tests report more than 90% accuracy with the single exception of INCART. The performance variation reveals the fact that a CNN model’s generalization capability does not increase simply by adding more training samples, rather the inclusion of samples from a diverse range of subjects is necessary for reasonable QRS detection accuracy.
Comprehensive Scaling Study on 3D Cross-Point PCM toward 1Znm Node for SCM Applications

We present a scaling study toward lZnm node 3D Cross-point PCM (XPCM) for Storage Class Memory (SCM) applications. The low operation current, and low metal line loading resistance are desired to avoid a wide operation voltage distribution in a cross-point array. For the first time, AC threshold voltage (Vth) of 1S1R OTS-PCM was studied, which will impact the operation scheme. To achieve Tera bits per chip density, six layers 1Znm 3D XPCM with OTS showing high Vth and low leakage current, and scalable periphery circuit are required.
Improving Crop Productivity Through A Crop Recommendation System Using Ensembling Technique

Agriculture plays a predominant role in the economic growth and development of the country. The major and serious setback in the crop productivity is that the farmers do not choose the right crop for cultivation. In order to improve the crop productivity, a crop recommendation system is to be developed that uses the ensembling technique of machine learning. The ensembling technique is used to build a model that combines the predictions of multiple machine learning models together to recommend the right crop based on the soil specific type and characteristics with high accuracy. The independent base learners used in the ensemble model are Random Forest, Naive Bayes, and Linear SVM. Each classifier provides its own set of class labels with an acceptable accuracy. The class labels of individual base learners are combined using the majority voting technique. The crop recommendation system classifies the input soil dataset into the recommendable crop type, Kharif and Rabi. The dataset comprises of the soil specific physical and chemical characteristics in addition to the climatic conditions such as average rainfall and the surface temperature samples. The average classification accuracy obtained by combining the independent base learners is 99.91%.
A Data Driven Denoising Framework for Error Corrupted Synchrophasor Data

Recently, Phasor Measurement Units (PMUs) have been utilized in several Wide Area Measurement System (WAMS) based applications and hence the quality of estimates is of utmost concern. In this paper, the non - Gaussian and coloured nature of PMU error is asserted using various statistical (null hypotheses) tests, which forms the basis for a purely data driven denoising framework for PMU data. The proposed framework detects the outliers from measurement data thereby serving as a basis to distinguish between data induced by power system events versus measurement anomalies. A formulation of Empirical Mode Decomposition (EMD) technique with Detrended Fluctuation Analysis (DFA) based thresholding, tailor made for colored noise is used to denoise PMU measurement signals. The technique may be used towards creating a PMU error emulator for testing and research of algorithms focused on mining power system stability and other crucial WAMS based applications.
Low-Noise and Small-Sized Receiver Frontend with Unified Circuit-Antenna Integration

In this paper, a low-noise and small-sized receiver frontend is proposed through unified integration of transistor in between array elements. The general modelling steps in connection with this unification are described, followed by a prototype design at 10 GHz as an example. Subsequently, the noise figure formulation of both active integrated antenna (AIA) scheme and unified circuit-antenna solution are analyzed through supporting equations. The prototype is fabricated, and the measured results agree closely with simulated results. This circuit-antenna unification is able to realize 15% impedance matching bandwidth, and 11.8 dB amplification gain. It has also demonstrated a reduction in both noise figure and size by 1 dB and 45% respectively, compared to the AIA counterpart.
Simultaneously Power and Information Transmission for Half-duplex Massive MIMO with Spatial Basis Expansion Model

In this paper, we consider the beam-domain time-switching (TS) simultaneous wireless information and power transfer (SWIPT) protocol design in half-duplex (HD) massive multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) system, where the sensors are uniformly distributed in its coverage area. In order to reduce the computational complexity, we propose spatial basis expansion model (SBEM) with rotation angle to improve the performance of SWIPT technology. In the proposed scheme, the transmit time interval is decomposed to three subintervals, the duration of each subinterval is optimized to maximize the system spectrum efficiency.
Design of Flyback Converter by Using an Ideal Switch and a MOSFET Switch

The Flyback Converters have become one of the most popular used buck-boost topology because of their simple design and working efficiency. In this paper, the dynamic models of the flyback converter using two different switches have been compared. One using an ideal switch and other using a MOSFET switch. These models have respective advantages for example single switching, coupled inductor, output filter (capacitive), isolation and operating of these models at a particular value of frequency in a traditional PWM scheme. In the MOSFET Switch Flyback converter the PWM percentage period of Input Output can be increase or decrease. To access apparent parameters, a model is simulated to find the transformer parameters, capacitive parameters, frequency of operation. A simulation model for this purpose in MATLAB/SIMULINK has been devised and then affirmed by running this model on the simulation platform. Also to find its various performance matrices with their verification.
Variability Due to Orientation Dependent Oxide Thickness in SOI-FinFETs

Performance of advanced nanoscale devices is limited by different variability issues. Substrate orientation dependent oxidation rate is shown for the first time to be a variability concern in case of trigate structures as the device has three different orientation surfaces carrying currents. Stress is introduced in the device at all stages during manufacturing. In this work, stress analysis due to oxidation has been performed for different orientation configurations. The aim of this work is to study the stress evolution in a trigate SOI FinFET using technology CAD (TCAD) simulations. Using stress maps, we analyze the stress impact on the output characteristics of the device towards variability study.
Advantage of Extremely-thin Body (Tsi~3nm) Device to Boost the Memory Window for 3D NAND Flash

The advantage of using extremely-thin body (ETB, Tsi=3nm) device has been demonstrated in a 3D NAND Flash test chip. Net P/E memory window gain of >1.3V is observed for devices using ETB poly-Si. This substantial gain can be explained by the “quantum confinement” that raises effective Si bandgap and in turn reduces the tunneling barrier height. Simulation model has been validated and it shows equivalent barrier height reduction of ~0.16eV and 0.07eV for electron and hole, respectively for Tsi=3nm. Meanwhile, the extremely-thin body poly silicon channel can improve S.S. to nearly 250mV/dec, which is close to bulk 2D Flash devices. However, the Idsat is degraded to only 160nA for Tsi=3nm, which is attributed to the larger effective mass or higher contact resistance. The degraded Idsat can be accommodated by lower Isense<30nA for page buffer circuit tuning. Random telegraph noise (RTN) is significantly reduced by extremely-thin body, and it shows tighter program-verify (PV) distribution in the MLC/TLC operation.
Balanced-Balanced Tunable Filtering LNA using Evanescent-Mode Resonators

Multifunctional RF components are of great benefit to wireless systems, as they can reduce size and power consumption. A fully balanced Low-Noise Amplifier (LNA), with embedded tunable filtering functionality, using a single transistor, is presented in this paper. The design concept is based on evanescent-mode cavity resonators at the input and the output. The resonators provide filtering, in addition to balanced (BAL) external coupling and a Single-Ended (SE) internal coupling with the core LNA. The internal coupling provides the minimum noise matching to the transistor. A proof-of-concept design is fabricated using a PCB process. The measured results demonstrate a tuning range from 2.8–4 GHz with a noise figure ranging from 3.4–4.6 dB, a balanced gain of 16.7–14.2 dB, and a CMRR of better than 55 dB. The presented BAL-BAL LNA can seamlessly interface with fully balanced RF systems.
Systematic Derivation of Simplified Active-Neutral-Point-Clamped Multilevel Converter through Matrix Models

With the increase of voltage levels, active-neutral-point-clamped (ANPC) multilevel topology can be dramatically complex and consists of a high number of switching devices. Therefore, simplification of ANPC topology is favored by both manufacturers and customers, as the device costs, control complexity, and maintenance burden, can be reduced. However, due to the complicated topological structure of ANPC topology, systematic simplification method is not available in the literature. This paper proposes a general systematic simplification approach for multilevel ANPC converter through matrix representation of multilevel converter. Based on the proposed approach, different PWM patterns can be carried out and then be implemented directly for simplified topologies. To demonstrate the proposed method, several examples are given, where several simplified ANPC topologies are developed and analyzed. Experimental results are provided to validate the feasibility of these derived topologies.
A New Method for Reducing PAPR in OFDM System Based on GreenOFDM

In wireless communications research and application, Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) has been established as a key PHY layer enabling technology (e.g., in both 4G and 5G cellular network standards). However, the Peak-to-Average-Ratio (PAPR) problem can lower system performance and has been under intense research in recent years. The trade-off between high PAPR reduction factor and high signal redundancy and/or computational complexity has not been sufficiently addressed by many works on this problem, and some approaches with state-of-the-art PAPR reduction performance suffer from high bit redundancy or have a higher complexity. So a method based on selected mapping orthogonal frequency division multiplexing modulation (SLM-OFDM) that generates (N2/4) symbol candidates using N inverse Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) is presented which is called GreenOFDM. In this paper, we propose an improved method based on GreenOFDM, We add a weighting factor α when generating the symbol candidates, and then select the symbol of the minimum PAPR for transmission. Computer simulation shows that this method is better than the original GreenOFDM When we choose the right weighting factor α. This not only gets lower signal redundancy, but also has lower complexity and simulation results show that the signal PAPR is significantly reduced.
5G Enhanced Service-based Core Design

5G is supposed to support not only explosive growth of mobile traffic but also massive number of connected devices. Simply evolving current 4G Long Term Evolution (LTE) networks can't meet the demand of 5G. 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) has proposed Service-Based Architecture (SBA) core network in release 15. But SBA also brings great complexity and big challenges to core network development and deployment. To solve challenging requirements related to SBA, 3GPP is working on enhancements to SBA design in release 16. We propose an enhanced SBA design called Not-Only-Stack (NoStack), including efficient inter-service communication mechanism and management plane for Network Functions (NFs) managing. The main idea of NoStack is to decouple business logic from inter-service communication to improve service agility. We also carry out some evaluations on performance of different inter-service communication mechanisms.
Improved collaborative filtering on recommender based systems using smoothing density-based user clustering

Recommender systems improve the user satisfaction of internet websites by offering personalized, interesting and useful recommendations to users. The most famous recommender system algorithm is collaborative filtering. However, the collaborative filtering algorithms need large amount of training data in order to generate the recommendation and the processing of large amount of user profiles dataset causes scalability problem. Furthermore, another problem faced in collaborative filtering algorithm is data sparsity. Existing approaches to these problems mostly ends up with loose of accuracy. In this paper, we propose a smoothing based hybrid recommender system by combining density-based clustering and user-based collaborative filtering to address accuracy and sparsity problem. The experimental results have shown that the proposed method improves the accuracy of recommender system.