Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Age‐specific survival of reintroduced swift fox in Badlands National Park and surrounding lands

In 2003, a reintroduction program was initiated at Badlands National Park (BNP), South Dakota, USA, with swift foxes (Vulpes velox) translocated from Colorado and Wyoming, USA, as part of a restoration effort to recover declining swift fox populations throughout its historical range. Estimates of age-specific survival are necessary to evaluate the potential for population growth of reintroduced populations. We used 7 years (2003–2009) of capture–recapture data of 243 pups, 29 yearlings, and 69 adult swift foxes at BNP and the surrounding area to construct Cormack–Jolly–Seber model estimates of apparent survival within a capture–mark–recapture framework using Program MARK. The best model for estimating recapture probabilities included no differences among age classes, greater recapture probabilities during early years of the monitoring effort than later years, and variation among spring, winter, and summer. Our top ranked survival model indicated pup survival differed from that of yearlings and adults and varied by month and year. The apparent annual survival probability of pups (0.47, SE = 0.10) in our study area was greater than the apparent annual survival probability of yearlings and adults (0.27, SE = 0.08). Our results indicate low survival probabilities for a reintroduced population of swift foxes in the BNP and surrounding areas. Management of reintroduced populations and future reintroductions of swift foxes should consider the effects of relative low annual survival on population demography. © 2016 The Wildlife Society.
Relation between penetration rates of pesticides and partition coefficients in topical application to Spodoptera litura

有機リン剤, ピレスロイド等の11農薬の14C, 3Tラベル化合物を用いてハスモンヨトウ (Spodoptera litura) 5令幼虫における外皮からの浸透, 分布を検討した. 6種の有機リン剤において1次の浸透速度と各農薬の水-オクタノール分配係数との間には高い負相関が認められたが, 基本骨格の異なる全農薬を対象とした場合にはさらに農薬分子の水素結合能を表現するパラメータ (NW) を導入する事により浸透速度を表現できる相関式を得る事ができた. 本相関式より農薬分子の疎水性が小さく, かつクチクラとの水素結合を形成しにくい化学構造を有する農薬ほど外皮からの浸透速度が速くなる事が示唆された.
On the Distribution of Greater Antillean Bats

Compilation and analysis of geographic distributions of Antillean bat species reveal two overall distribution patterns in Greater Antillean bats. In the first, found among most of the earliest known bat colonizers of the Antilles, Cuban and Hispaniolan bats have a close taxonomic relationship, whereas Jamaican and Puerto Rican bats are more distantly related. This pattern supports a limited vicariance model for early Antillean colonizers, or possibly a dispersal model modified to take into account mid-Tertiary geography. In the second, found among more recent bat colonizers, species accumulate in the western Antillean islands of Cuba and Jamaica, with limited dispersal eastward. The second pattern supports a dispersal model modified to take into account Pleistocene climatic cycles. IN RECENT YEARS, three approaches to explain the presentday distributions of Antillean organisms have become prevalent: the dispersal theory, the vicariance theory, and the ecological determinism theory. Proponents of the dispersal theory (Simpson 1956, Koopman 1958b, Terborgh 1973; Pregill 1981, to name a few) argue that overwater dispersal can account completely for observed present-day distributions, although habitat of the island in question also will affect whether a potential colonizer is successful (i.e., ecological determinism). With the increasing acceptance of plate tectonics in the last 20 yr, explanations for present-day distributions have been formulated that take into account the complex geological history of the Caribbean basin (vicariant theories of zoogeography; see Rosen 1975, MacFadden 1980). Unfortunately, adherents of one or the other approach often reject summarily the possible involvement of other factors. We have compiled herein an extensive and exhaustive list of distributions of bat species of the Antillean islands. The purpose of this paper is to test the relative importance of dispersal and vicariance as they may apply to Greater Antillean bat species. To accomplish this, we examine the distributions, attempting to detect generalized patterns of distribution. We then attempt to evaluate the importance of vicariance and dispersal in producing the patterns. GEOLOGIC HISTORY OF THE CARIBBEAN. -Several theories account for the formation of the Greater Antilles (see Molnar & Sykes 1969, Malfait & Dinkleman 1972, Meyerhoff & Meyerhoff 1972). One view, widely accepted by vicariance biogeographers, states that an island archipelago termed the "proto-Antilles" formed between Central and South America in pre-Cretaceous times (Freeland & Dietz 1971, Meyerhoff & Meyerhoff 1972, Burke et al. 1984). This island cluster included parts of what are now Jamaica, Hispaniola, Puerto Rico, the Oriente Province of Cuba (though not the rest of Cuba), and various other islands now submerged. The proto-Antilles remained stationary while the North American and South American plates moved westward (Jordan 1975), thus bringing the Caribbean plate to a position just east of proto-Central Amer-
Nutrient Modelling for Laying Hens

Abstract Modelling for laying hens is more complex than for meat-producing poultry. Layers need to partition daily nutrients into maintenance, weight gain, and egg mass production. Partitioning models such as the Reading and Israeli models are presently used to determine amino acid requirements for layers, but the development of mechanistic models should be the future direction of modelling. Based on the premise that layers attempt to consume their daily dietary energy needs, the ability to predict daily ME intake accurately is limited because there is a lack of good research about utilization of dietary ME for maintenance, tissue, and egg synthesis. Model users should be aware of the restricted range of conditions for which a model is applicable. Substantial differences about the predicted requirements of dietary ME and amino acids for laying hens occur in the literature. Quantitative studies on the factors that influence egg production (hence profitability of an enterprise) such as genotypes, diet composition, availability of nutrients for metabolism, environmental conditions, animal disease status, as well as the interactions among the factors are needed for future development and application of models.
Observations of white-tailed deer and cattle diets in Mexico

Most rangelands in northern Nuevo Leon, Mexico, have been grazed intensely for more than 10 years simultaneously by cattle and white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus texanus). There is a lack of information concerning diet selection of white-tailed deer and cattle in this region. We observed the dietary preferences of these ungulates in northeastern Nuevo Leon for a 6 month period. Two adjacent areas were subjected to rotational grazing (RG) and continuous cattle grazing (CG). Fecal analysis was used to determine dietary overlap of these 2 sympatric ruminants. Cattle diets averaged 70% grasses, 23% browse, and 4% forbs. Deer diets were 63% browse, 24% forbs and 12% grasses in both areas. The preferred species for cattle in both areas were grasses. Deer preferred fortes on the continuous grazed area and grasses on rotational grazed area. Zacate toboso [Hilaria mutica (Buckl.] Benth.) was the most preferred species by both ruminants in both management systems. Differences between cattle and deer diets were significant (P < 0.05). The similarity index was higher on the rotational grazed (23%) than on the continuous grazed area (15%) (P < 0.05). The higher similarity index in RG area may have been a result of the altered forage preferences of deer. Zacate toboso under RG could be an important feed resource in those areas where white-tailed deer and cattle graze in common.
REDUÇÃO DO NÍVEL DE CONTAMINAÇÃO POR Salmonella Enteritidis EM

Salmonellae that cause paratyphoid infection, mainly the Salmonella Enteritidis (SE), are among the main causes of foodborne diseases in humans, representing great loss for the poultry industry. The search for a unique and decisive control means has been frustrated due to the bacterial characteristics and the resulting infection. So, it becomes important the strategic use of a group of means that gradually reduce the infection pressure over the production system, taken to an increasing improvement of the contamination level of the final products offered to the consumers. The thesis goal is to offer to the poultry industry a group of feasible means to control the paratyphoid infection and, corollary, to produce safer food to human beings. Therefore, four studies were conducted. Three of them were dedicated to the increase of bird resistence to the SE infection and one to the reduction of Salmonella contamination level of the broilers at the pre slaughter period. The increase resistance of broiler breeders due to immunization with a SE bacterin was evaluated through an experiment. Three weeks after the challenge no differences were detected on the number of SE infected livers and ceca among the tested groups. This conclusion, although true under these conditions, needs further experiments under actual production systems to be corroborated. The maternal vaccination and the use of probiotics as means to increase the initial resistance of broiler chickens to SE infection were accessed through three experiments. The probiotics reduced the number of SE colony forming units (CFU) in the ceca up to 1.45 Log10. The greatest reduction occurred at Experiment III, indicating the importance of the administration of the probiotic being prior to the challenge. No effect of maternal
Athérosclerose ? Maladie dégénerative ? Inflammatoire ? Cancéreuse ?

D eux grandes théories s'affrontent pour rendre compte de l'athérosclérose. L'une, classique [1], est celle de la lésion intimale focale et hémodynamique où se succéderaient la dénudation endothéliale, l'adhésion plaquettaire et sa dégra­ nulation avec libération du facteur de croissance d'origine plaquettaire. Il s'ensuivrait une prolifération et une intimalisation des cellules musculaires lisses associées ou suivies d'accumulation de lipides en position cellulaire et extracellulaire. Tous ces phénomènes aboutiraient en fin de compte aux plaques calcifiées de sclérose artérielle. A cette suite des séquences évoquées ci-dessus, partiellement battues en brèche par les travaux des dernières années auxquels nous nous référerons essen­ tiellement, le vaisseau a perdu son élasticité et est devenu scléreux. La théorie dite monoclonale de Benditt [2], datant de plus de 15 ans, s'oppose à la précédente. Pour Benditt, une dédifférenciation associée à une importante augmentation de la synthèse d'ADN endothélial précéderait le développement des lésions. Trois ordres d'arguments ont permis d'étayer la première théorie, celle de Virchow, reprise e t raj eunie par Russel Ross durant les années 1970 (1) l'athérosclérose de l'homocystinémie humaine et animale serait secondaire à une lésion endothéliale suivie d'une participation plaquettaire ; (2) des sérums antiplaquettaires et des drogues antiplaquettaires réduiraient les lésions athérosclérotiques chez le lapin et le chien ; (3) des porcs atteints de maladie de Willebrand feraient moins d'athérosclérose, quel que soit le régime athérogène. Avant de tenter de s'aventurer dans des conclusions hâtives, nous essayerons d'avoir une vue plongeante sur les travaux des années 1980 en proposant une approche synthétique (pour une bonne part, probablement, erronée).
Natural Enemies of the Spotted Alfalfa Aphid in Utah

Seven main groups of predators of the spotted alfalfa aphid were collected from alfalfa fields near Delta, Utah: Coccinellidae, Orius, Nabis, Geocoris, Collops, Chrysopa and syrphid flies. These predators fed largely on the pea aphid ( Macrosiphum pisi (Harris)) until the spotted alfalfa aphid ( Therioaphis maculata (Buckton)) invaded the area. The effectiveness of predators depended on the availability of host insects and climatic conditions. The coccinellids, as a group, proved to be the most effective predators. Within this group, Hippodamia convergens G. -M. was the most beneficial, numerous and widely distributed predator. The species of Orius and Collops were abundant enough in many cases to be of real importance in the control of this aphid. The predatory species, without question, exerted a considerable controlling effect on the spotted alfalfa aphid populations. The predators held the overwintered spotted alfalfa aphid population in cheek until insecticides were applied for lygus bug control. The chemical treatments of alfalfa fields had generally adverse effects on the predators. The decrease in the number of predators and favorable environmental conditions enabled aphids to build up to the point that the application of insecticides for their control became quite generally necessary. The use of chemicals produced a sudden but temporary reduction in the population of aphids.
Adsorption and Desorption of zinc in soil and its implication

Zn availability mostly regulated through adsorption-desorption on soil (or adsorbent). Fly ash (FA) application influence on zinc adsorption-desorption in recommended chemical fertilizer (RDF) and farmyard manure (FYM) treatments of acidic Inceptisols of Assam. Zinc adsorption was better explained by Freundlich over the Langmuir adsorption equation. Adsorption was greatest in the treatment receiving FA only at 15 t ha−1 and least in the treatment receiving RDF 50 percent + FYM 5 t ha−1 + FA 5 t ha−1. Ni and Zn co-sorption to aluminium oxides (γ-Al2O3) in binary-sorbate systems were compared to their sorptionin single-sorbate systems as a function of pH using both macroscopic batch experiments and synchrotron-based X-ray absorption fine structure spectroscopy At pH 6.0, Ni and Zn were sorbed as inner-sphere surface complexes and competed for the limited number of reactive sites on γ-Al2O3.In binary-sorbate systems, Ni had no effect on Zn sorption, owning to its lower affinity for the metal oxide surface. In contrast, Zn had a higher affinity for the metal oxide surface and reduced Ni sorption. The influence of P on the Zn adsorption capacity of eight surface horizons in soils on granite and amphibolites materials. The presence of P, especially at high concentrations, was found to boost Zn adsorption. The effect was more marked in the soils on amphibolite, which contained increased concentrations of Fe and Al oxides relative to those on granite. The increased adsorption of zinc by effect of the presence of phosphate is ascribed primarily to the formation of a P–Zn complex in colloid surfaces.Studies should be undertaken while considering adsorption and desorption capacities of Zn for soils as well as ionic interactions for better Zn management in soils.
Distribution and ecology of vascular epiphytes in lowland rain forest of GUyana

Using mountaineering techniques, we studied the distribution and ecology of vascular (hemi)epiphytes on standing canopy trees in three lowland rain forest types of Guyana, South America: walaba forest, greenheart forest, and mixed forest. The differences in epiphytic vegetation of the three forest types appeared to be correlated with humidity conditions as determined by the soil, and with the tree species (host preference)
A STUDY ON CONSUMER HOLIDAY PURCHASE INTENTIONS DURING THE CHRISTMAS EVE WITH REFERNCE TO HYDERABAD

The high use of Internet by the younger generation in India provides an emerging prospect for online retailers. On-line shopping is a recent phenomenon in the field of Internet Business and is definitely going to be the future of shopping in the world. Most of the companies are running their on-line portals to sell their products/services through online, the Online shopping is becoming a trend in the small cities, where people have aspirations and purchasing power to buy but do not have access to the brands/products. The online shopping is very common outside India, in recent times its growth in Indian Market, which is a large and strategic consumer market, is still not in line with the global market. The potential growth of on-line shopping has triggered the idea of conducting a study on on-line shopping in India during the festive season to make the festive frenzy shoppers happy the online retailers are offering huge discounts, interesting deals in almost all product verticals. So this paper tries to provide a support in understanding the drivers of consumers’ attitude towards online shopping intentions. The data was collected through Questionnaires with a sample of 100 respondents from Hyderabad city, This paper examine the key consumer behavior attribute and relation among them in E-marketing perspective attempt has been made to study the acceptance rate of e-marketing among the Hyderabad consumers during the Festival season and its impact on their purchase decision. Conclusions derived from the study can be used as useful guide for market orientation. The outcomes of the study suggest that assessment of consumer buying behavior can contribute to a better understanding of online consumer buying behavior respect of online shopping during the festive season to formulate the better marketing strategies to retain the existing shoppers, attract the new frenzy shopper and also the growth of Indian online retailing in future.
NSHM Journal of Pharmacy and Healthcare Management

Molecular formula of carbohydrates has been derived in the form of tetroses, pentoses and hexoses. The derived general molecular formula of tetroses, pentoses and hexoses are C4m (H2O) 3m+1, C5m (H2O) 4m+1, and C6m (H2O) 5m+1. Key-words: Carbohydrates, derivation, general molecular formula. ___________________________________________________________________________ Introduction Generaly simple carbohydrates are made from carbon and hydrates represented by the formula Cn(H2O)n or (CH2O)n where n is numerical value 4, 5 and 6 for tetroses, pentoses and hexoses respectively for monosaccharides [1, 2] . The general formula (CH2O)n or Cn(H2O)n are suitable for monosaccharides only and fails in case of di-, tri-, tetra-saccharides . etc. To sort out the problems the present investigation has been done.
Is there Association between Dyslipidemia and Diabetes type 2 in the Population of Castilla-La Mancha?

Material and Methods: It is a longitudinal study made in centres of Attention Primary of the Service of Health of Castilla-La Mancha (n = 70). It selected a representative sample of the population with DM2 of 18 to 85 years by means of a procedure multiethnic. They obtained of the clinical history and by means of interview the data of the factors of risk to study. It analysed the association with the dyslipidemia by means of linear regression.
DESIGNING ICT COMPETENCES-INTEGRATED SYLLABUSES OF GRAMMAR COURSES FOR ENGLISH LANGUAGE EDUCATION STUDY PROGRAM

Taking further action to the ubiquitous previous researches about the importance and advantages of Information and Communication Technology (ICT) employment in education, the researchers were motivated to conduct a research about designing ICT competences-integrated syllabuses of Grammar courses for English Language Education Study Program (ELESP). This research employed Design and Development Research (DDR) adapting Cunningham’s concept (Gall, Gall, & Borg, 2003), and produced a set of ICT competences-integrated syllabuses of grammar courses for ELESP which consisted of basic, intermediate and advanced level. To design the syllabuses, the researchers initially analyzed 15 grammar syllabuses from eight different universities for their accommodation of ICT competences. The analysis revealed that the ICT employment in the existing syllabuses were scarce yet dominated with merely use for Technology Literacy that dominantly presented in the components of Assessments, Learning Media, and/or Learning methods. These findings showed that the existing syllabuses did not sufficiently employ ICT, neither purposely and systematically improve students’ ICT competences. To fill these gaps, the proposed syllabuses were systematically used ICT to enhance students’ ICT competences. Furthermore, the ICT integration in the designed syllabuses spread over most of the syllabus’ components which not only meant for Technology Literacy but also for Knowledge Deepening and Knowledge Creation. Keywords: ICT Competence, Grammar, Syllabus Design, ELESP, ICT UNESCO Frameworks
EAER: An Alternative and Effective Remineralization non-invasive method in Restoration of carious tooth

This article deals with the newer technologies that are used in the remineralization procedure of tooth thus avoiding usage of drills on the tooth structure and preserving the enamel as a whole. A number of finer and newer technologies are being developed so that procedures can be more friendly and acceptable to both the dentist as well as the patient, these newer strategies are also concerned in preserving the tooth structure as a whole without the introduction off any foreign material, thus increasing the life as well as the strength of the tooth structure. This paper gives an ephemeral information on various newer strategies of remineralization with more emphasis on the most recently introduced remineralization technique such as electrically accelerated and enhanced remineralization technique (EAER). Correspondence: *Corresponding author Email Address: kamala1995@gmail.com. How to cite this article: Kamala C, Gopala Krishna Ganta, Anoosha Manda. EAER: An Alternative and Effective Remineralization Method. Int J Dent Mater 2019;1(1):36-39. DOI: http://dx.doi. org/10.37983/IJDM.2019. 1105 1 . I n t r o d u c t i o n Dental caries is the one of the most common dental issues among the various populations irrespective of age, gender and geographic regions. The treatment available is simple cost effective yet many people neglect it due to dental phobia and lack of dental treatment awareness. The deep hidden fear for the drills and injections has led to ignore the treatment by the patients. Various dentists have revealed that in order to control the anxiety of the patients, they sometimes have to advice sedation [1]. However, this treatment does not only remove infected part but also part of the healthy tooth structure in order to create room for restorative material and also to provide proper retention with it. Hence, it is necessary to explore an alternative treatment modality which should eliminate the phobia among the patients, less technique sensitive. In addition, that should also prevent the recurrent caries and strengthen the natural tooth. This article provide an overview of the various newer techniques developed on remineralisation procedures and gives more
Review of Power Quality Issues and Mitigation Techniques in Electrical Power Systems

Power quality complications are treated as interrupted voltage, current or frequency which reflects as malfunction of connected elements at end levels. User system models, smoothen loads of industries and crucial, regular operations of all effected by kinds of outcomes & line distortions, they can impact with economy of the whole system. Here the power quality includes the enhancement of voltage quality, source power factor, control of harmonic distortions, voltage sags and swells. The devices selected for power quality improvement are DSTATCOM, Hybrid active power filters, Dynamic voltage restorers, static var compensators TVSS,CVT etc. Keywords— Power quality issues, voltage sag, Hybrid active power filters, DSTATCOM, DVR, SMES.