Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Activated Protein C Improves Ischemic Flap Survival and Modulates Proangiogenic and Antiinflammatory Gene Expression

Background: Flap necrosis remains a major complication in reconstructive surgery. The authors evaluated whether systemic activated protein C, a natural serum anticoagulant with anti-inflammatory, proangiogenic, and cytoprotective properties, can improve ischemic skin flap survival. Methods: Cranially based dorsal cutaneous flaps were elevated on 44 rats. Animals received intravenous injections of activated protein C (25 &mgr;g/kg) or saline. Rats were divided into three groups depending on the timing of the first injection: postoperative (45 minutes postoperatively, n = 12), late preoperative (45 minutes preoperatively, n = 5), and early preoperative (3 hours preoperatively, n = 5). In all groups, second and third injections were performed at 3 and 24 hours postoperatively. Flap survival was measured on day 7. Histological and real-time polymerase chain reaction specimens were collected on days 2 and 7 and at 3 and 24 hours, respectively. Results: Postoperative activated protein C improved flap survival (68.9 ± 4.3 percent) compared with control treatment (39.3 ± 1.5 percent; p < 0.001). Late preoperative treatment produced diffuse flap hemorrhage. Early preoperative activated protein C injection produced near-complete flap survival (96.1 ± 1.1 percent for activated protein C versus 50.1 ± 3.3 percent for control; p < 0.001). Significantly fewer inflammatory cells, improved muscle viability, and increased blood vessel density were observed in activated protein C–treated versus control rats. Activated protein C treatment significantly reduced mRNA levels of intercellular adhesion molecule-1 and tumor necrosis factor-α, while increasing levels of Egr-1, vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2, and Bcl-2. Conclusions: Systemic activated protein C modulates genes involved in angiogenesis, inflammation and apoptosis and improves ischemic flap survival.
Ea Configurations: Interplay of EA Design Factors, Strategy Types, and Environments

Since late 1990’s, organizations have been increasingly implementing enterprise architecture (EA) to address the problems of fragmented systems of processes, applications, data, and technologies. Despite this growing adoption of EA, there has been little academic research that provides compelling empirical evidence of the impact of EA on organizational performance and prescriptive design principles for EA. As a result, scholars and practitioners are not well informed about the business value of EA as well as about effective design approaches to EA. We argue that the lack of strong empirical evidence is partly and importantly due to the complexity of EA configurations and to the limitations of the traditional correlation-based methods used for uncovering the complex causal relationships between heterogeneous EA configurations and organizational performance. This research intends to examine how EA elements combine with organizational and environmental elements to produce high organizational performance and to suggest ways to design effective EA configurations. We propose that it is the holistic dynamics of the EA design factors and organizational and environmental elements that determine the impact of EA on organizational performance. First, based on the EA literature we define four EA design factors such as centralization, modularity, standardization, and open platforms, which represent crucial decisions an enterprise architect should make. Then, with fuzzy-set qualitative comparative analysis (fsQCA), an emerging set-theoretic configurational methodology, we analyze empirical field data to examine multiple EA configurations that have different structures but result in the same outcome. Especially, we focus on explaining how the EA design factors play different roles over the multiple equifinal configurations in achieving high organizational performance while interacting with organizational and environmental factors. Based on the fsQCA findings, we develop design principles for implementing effective enterprise architecture in terms of the four EA design factors.
Domestication quantitative trait loci in Triticum dicoccoides, the progenitor of wheat

Wild emmer wheat, Triticum dicoccoides, is the progenitor of modern tetraploid and hexaploid cultivated wheats. Our objective was to map domestication-related quantitative trait loci (QTL) in T. dicoccoides. The studied traits include brittle rachis, heading date, plant height, grain size, yield, and yield components. Our mapping population was derived from a cross between T. dicoccoides and Triticum durum. Approximately 70 domestication QTL effects were detected, nonrandomly distributed among and along chromosomes. Seven domestication syndrome factors were proposed, each affecting 5–11 traits. We showed: (i) clustering and strong effects of some QTLs; (ii) remarkable genomic association of strong domestication-related QTLs with gene-rich regions; and (iii) unexpected predominance of QTL effects in the A genome. The A genome of wheat may have played a more important role than the B genome during domestication evolution. The cryptic beneficial alleles at specific QTLs derived from T. dicoccoides may contribute to wheat and cereal improvement.
Trend in security evaluation and accreditation

This paper discusses series of security evaluation criteria which provide the methods to verify whether the product can protect the information assets. Having advanced along with the progress of the information technology and the growing threats of the adversaries, the security evaluation has been offering non-biased references to the market. TCSEC, ITSEC, Common Criteria, and FIPS PUB 140-2 are criteria established for the governmentspsila procurements, and have contributed to the productspsila security improvement. A light-weight security evaluation criteria has been proposed for the DCS/SCADA products by the ISA Security Compliance Institute, and has posed practical possibilities.
Evidence for an interaction of schizophrenia susceptibility loci on chromosome 6q23.3 and 10q24.33–q26.13 in Arab Israeli families

A genome scan for schizophrenia related loci in Arab Israeli families by Lerer et al. [Lerer et al. ( 2003 ); Mol Psychiatry 8:488–498] detected significant evidence for linkage at chromosome 6q23. Subsequent fine mapping [Levi et al. ( 2005 ); Eur J Hum Genet 13:763–771], association [Amann‐Zalcenstein et al. (2006); Eur J Hum Genet 14:1111–1119] and replication studies [Ingason et al. ( 2007 ); Eur J Hum Genet 15:988–991] identified AHI1 as a putative susceptibility gene. The same genome scan revealed suggestive evidence for a schizophrenia susceptibility locus in the 10q23–26 region. Genes at these two loci may act independently in the pathogenesis of the disease in our homogeneous sample of Arab Israeli families or may interact with each other and with other factors in a common biological pathway. The purpose of our current study was to test the hypothesis of genetic interaction between these two loci and to identify the type of interaction between them. The initial stage of our study focused on the 10q23–q26 region which has not been explored further in our sample. The second stage of the study included a test for possible genetic interaction between the 6q23.3 locus and the refined 10q24.33–q26.13 locus. A final candidate region of 19.9 Mb between markers D10S222 (105.3 Mb) and D10S587 (125.2 Mb) was found on chromosome 10 by non‐parametric and parametric linkage analyses. These linkage findings are consistent with previous reports in the same chromosomal region. Two‐locus multipoint linkage analysis under three complex disease inheritance models (heterogeneity, multiplicative, and additive models) yielded a best maximum LOD score of 7.45 under the multiplicative model suggesting overlapping function of the 6q23.3 and 10q24.33–q26.13 loci. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
A method of majority logic reduction for quantum cellular automata

The basic Boolean primitive in quantum cellular automata (QCA) is the majority gate. In this paper, a method for reducing the number of majority gates required for computing three-variable Boolean functions is developed to facilitate the conversion of sum-of-products expression into QCA majority logic. Thirteen standard functions are introduced to represent all three-variable Boolean functions and the simplified majority expressions corresponding to these standard functions are presented. We describe a novel method for using these standard functions to convert the sum-of-products expression to majority logic. By applying this method, the hardware requirements for a QCA design can be reduced. As an example, a 1-bit QCA adder is constructed with only three majority gates and two inverters. The adder is designed and simulated using QCADesigner, a design and simulation tool for QCA. We will show that the proposed method is very efficient and fast in deriving the simplified majority expressions in QCA design.
Growth cones: The mechanism of neurite advance

Growth cones are the highly motile structures found at the tips of growing axons and dendrites (neurites), which extend from neurones, during the development of the nervous system. They function both as detectors and transducers of extrinsic guidance cues and as regions where the neurite cytoskeleton is assembled. Without concerted neurite assembly, advance cannot occur. Assembly of the neurite cytoskeleton in growing neurites chiefly involves microtubule assembly at the growth cone. Some of the factors that may influence microtubule assembly in growth cones are becoming apparent and include posttranslational modification of tubulin itself and microtubule associated proteins, particularly tau and MAP1B.
Effects of epinephrine infusion on muscle glycogenolysis during intense aerobic exercise.

The purpose of this study was to determine whether an epinephrine (Epi) infusion would enhance muscle glycogenolysis during intense aerobic exercise. Epi was infused at rates that produced the same plasma Epi concentrations observed after caffeine (Caf) ingestion. Seven male subjects cycled for 15 min at 80% maximal O2 uptake during four different trials. Trial 1 was preceded by a 9 mg/kg oral dose of Caf to determine resting and exercise plasma Epi concentrations. Trial 2 was used to determine the Epi infusion rates needed to mimic the plasma Epi levels found with Caf. Trials 3 and 4 were randomized and consisted of either an Epi infusion or a saline infusion (control, Con). During Epi and Con trials muscle samples were obtained from the vastus lateralis at 0, 3, and 15 min of exercise. Plasma Epi levels were similar between Caf and Epi and were elevated twofold compared with Con. At 5 min of exercise the plasma Epi concentrations were 1.51 +/- 0.26, 2.61 +/- 0.34, and 2.97 +/- 0.45 nM for the Con, Caf, and Epi trials, respectively. Plasma Epi increased to 3.08 +/- 0.56, 5.45 +/- 1.11, and 5.86 +/- 1.03 nM at 14 min of exercise in the Con, Caf, and Epi trials, respectively. Muscle glycogenolysis was not different between trials (Con 220.5 +/- 25.3 vs. Epi 240.6 +/- 12.1 mmol/kg dry muscle). In addition, the degradation of muscle ATP and phosphocreatine and the accumulation of muscle lactate, ADP, and AMP were similar between trials. (ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Generation of Carrier Peptides for the Delivery of Nucleic Acid Drugs in Primary Cells

Now that the human genome has been decoded, the demand for novel therapeutic concepts, such as gene and stem cell therapy, is higher than ever before. Although new and better pharmaceutical agents are available, their efficient delivery to the intracellular site of action is still a serious challenge. A possible solution to this problem is the use of cell‐penetrating peptides as delivery vectors, including derivatives of human calcitonin (hCT). The aim of this study was to synthesise novel branched hCT‐derived peptides for the noncovalent delivery of nucleic acids. The uptake of the resulting oligocationic peptides into various cell lines as well as primary cells was monitored by fluorescence microscopy. To determine the appropriate peptide–plasmid charge ratios for efficient cell transfection, electromobility shift assays were carried out. Finally, flow cytometric and fluorescence microscopic studies of gene expression highlighted two novel hCT‐derived peptides as highly effective in the delivery of noncovalently complexed plasmid DNA. Thus, the absence of cytotoxicity paired with highly efficient cell internalisation and transfection rates, in primary cells as well, make both peptides powerful candidates as drug delivery vectors, especially for plasmid DNA, for both in vivo and ex vivo therapeutic applications.
Morale et technique : la fin des moyens

On admet volontiers que les humains se posent des problemes moraux 'a propos' des techniques (Faut-il ou non introduire en Europe les organismes genetiquement modifies? Doit-on entreposer les dechets de l'industrie nucleaire en profondeur ou en surface? ) mais les objets en eux-memes ne possedent pas une dimension morale. Telle est la conception courante pour un grand nombre de sociologues (Collins et Kusch, 1998). Les techniques appartiennent au regne des moyens et la morale au regne des fins, meme si, comme Jacques Ellul en a temoigne il y a bien longtemps, certaines techniques finissent par envahir tout l'horizon des fins en se donnant a elles-memes leurs propre lois, en devenant " auto-nomes " et non plus seulement automatiques. Meme dans ce cas extreme, affirme-t-on, il n'y a pas d'autre ressource, pour les humains, que de s'extraire de cette domination des techniques, domination d'autant plus perverse qu'elle n'impose pas la dure loi d'un maitre mais celle d'un esclave emancipe qui n'a pas la moindre idee des buts moraux propres a l'humain. On sait tout le parti que les Heideggeriens ont tire de cette idee d'une technique qu'on ne pouvait pas maitriser puisqu'elle etait elle-meme pure maitrise sans maitre (Zimmerman, 1990). Pour redevenir moral et humain, il faut toujours, semble-t-il, s'arracher a l'ustensilite, reaffirmer le regne des fins, redecouvrir l'Etre, bref, aller rattacher dans sa niche le molosse de la technique (.).
Emerging Sentiment Language Model for Emotion Detection

English. In this paper we present an approach for joy, anger and neutral emotions detection based on an emerging sentiment language model. We propose an approach that can detect specific emotions from positive, neutral and negative sentiments and which favors the tweets that occur at recent sentiment spikes. Our results suggest that our approach can effectively detect joy, neutral and anger emotions and that it performs better compared to the baselines. Italiano. In questo articolo presentiamo un approccio per rilevare gioia, rabbia e emozione neutra basato su un modello di sentiment analysis emergente. Proponiamo un approccio in grado di rilevare emozioni specifiche da sentimenti positivi, neutri e negativi e che favorisca i tweets che si verificano nei picchi recenti di sentimento. I risultati suggeriscono che il nostro approccio può rilevare efficacemente le emozioni di gioia, rabbia e neutra che ottiene migliori risultati delle baseline.
Opieka onkologiczna w Wielkopolsce na tle zmian systemu ochrony zdrowia w Polsce – część 2. Wykrywanie i zaawansowanie choroby, kształcenie specjalistów i rola badań naukowych.

Choroby nowotworowe są jedną z glownych przyczyn zgonow. Wykazano, ze profilaktyka i wczesna diagnostyka nalezą do najbardziej efektywnych kosztowo dzialan w zmniejszeniu umieralności z powodu nowotworow. W Polsce brakuje lekarzy radioterapeutow oraz onkologow klinicznych i dlatego obie te specjalizacje są zdefiniowane jako deficytowe. Wiekszośc świadczen onkologicznych udzielana jest w duzych ośrodkach onkologicznych lub klinikach uniwersyteckich. W mniejszych miastach dostepnośc do nawet podstawowych świadczen onkologicznych jest znacznie gorsza i brakuje kadry specjalistow. W onkologii, bedącej dyscypliną akademicką bardzo wazne są rowniez związki pomiedzy nauką i praktyką kliniczną. W ostatnich dziesieciu latach zaszly pozytywne zmiany w nauczaniu onkologii w uczelniach medycznych. Obecnie studenci medycyny stykają sie z nauczaniem onkologii juz na wcześniejszych latach studiow. Z punktu widzenia planowania zakresu niezbednych świadczen onkologicznych i ich dostepności oprocz zapadalności istotny jest stopien zaawansowania wykrytych nowotworow. W Wielkopolsce zainicjowano program wczesnego wykrywania nowotworow glowy i szyi, ktory dziala od roku. Jest zalązkiem programu ogolnopolskiego w wyniku ktorego powolano koordynatorow we wszystkich wojewodztwach.
Effects of 4 weight-loss diets differing in fat, protein, and carbohydrate on fat mass, lean mass, visceral adipose tissue, and hepatic fat: results from the POUNDS LOST trial.

BACKGROUND Weight loss reduces body fat and lean mass, but whether these changes are influenced by macronutrient composition of the diet is unclear. OBJECTIVE We determined whether energy-reduced diets that emphasize fat, protein, or carbohydrate differentially reduce total, visceral, or hepatic fat or preserve lean mass. DESIGN In a subset of participants in a randomized trial of 4 weight-loss diets, body fat and lean mass (n = 424; by using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry) and abdominal and hepatic fat (n = 165; by using computed tomography) were measured after 6 mo and 2 y. Changes from baseline were compared between assigned amounts of protein (25% compared with 15%) and fat (40% compared with 20%) and across 4 carbohydrate amounts (35% through 65%). RESULTS At 6 mo, participants lost a mean (±SEM) of 4.2 ± 0.3 kg (12.4%) fat and 2.1 ± 0.3 kg (3.5%) lean mass (both P < 0.0001 compared with baseline values), with no differences between 25% and 15% protein (P ≥ 0.10), 40% and 20% fat (P ≥ 0.34), or 65% and 35% carbohydrate (P ≥ 0.27). Participants lost 2.3 ± 0.2 kg (13.8%) abdominal fat: 1.5 ± 0.2 kg (13.6%) subcutaneous fat and 0.9 ± 0.1 kg (16.1%) visceral fat (all P < 0.0001 compared with baseline values), with no differences between the diets (P ≥ 0.29). Women lost more visceral fat than did men relative to total-body fat loss. Participants regained ~40% of these losses by 2 y, with no differences between diets (P ≥ 0.23). Weight loss reduced hepatic fat, but there were no differences between groups (P ≥ 0.28). Dietary goals were not fully met; self-reported contrasts were closer to 2% protein, 8% fat, and 14% carbohydrate at 6 mo and 1%, 7%, and 10%, respectively, at 2 y. CONCLUSION Participants lost more fat than lean mass after consumption of all diets, with no differences in changes in body composition, abdominal fat, or hepatic fat between assigned macronutrient amounts. This trial was registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT00072995.
"Mets ça ici" où quand "ici" dépend de "ça". L'interprétation de "ici" dans les énoncés de positionnement.

Dans cet article, nous proposons un processus d'interpretation pour l'adverbe ici suffisamment general pour pouvoir etre implemente dans des situations de dialogue multimodales relativement larges. La comparaison entre ici et la montre qu'une meme situation peut etre envisagee (verbalisee) sous des angles differents. L'etude du resultat purement objectif (ou presume comme tel, exemple : a "Le N" se trouve associe un referent) de l'analyse d'une expression ne permet pas toujours de mettre a jour ce type de phenomenes.
Thoracoscopic Placement of Dual-Rod Instrumentation in Thoracic Spinal Trauma

OBJECTIVE AND IMPORTANCE:Traditionally, thoracic fractures that require anterior stabilization are treated through an open thoracotomy approach. Thoracoscopic instrumentation avoids many of the complications associated with an open thoracotomy but is technically challenging. We report the first cases of dual-rod internal fixation systems placed thoracoscopically for thoracic spinal trauma. CLINICAL PRESENTATION:Two male patients sustained midthoracic spinal trauma falling from motorcycles in separate incidents. Both injuries led to unstable spinal columns, but the patients had no neurological deficits and had minimal spinal cord compression. One patient had a complex spiral fracture from T6 to T8; the other had T7 burst and T8 compression fractures. Based on the complex morphological features of the patients’ fractures, anterior internal fixation was the treatment of choice for both. The two available options for an anterior stabilization were open thoracotomy and thoracoscopic instrumentation. Because extensive decompression was unnecessary, a thoracoscopic approach was used. INTERVENTION:A dual-rod internal fixation system (Medtronic Sofamor Danek, Inc., Memphis, TN) was placed with two screws each in the T6 and T9 vertebral bodies of each patient. Thoracoscopy was used for direct visualization of the operative site with fluoroscopic guidance for screw placement. Surgery was completed without complications, and both patients did well afterward. Upright and supine x-rays demonstrated that the constructs were stable at 10 weeks and 6 months, respectively. CONCLUSION:Thoracoscopic instrumentation offers the advantages of a minimally invasive approach but is technically challenging. The characteristics of dual-rod fixation systems (small-profile components and step-wise insertion) provide the best biomechanical profile and facilitate thoracoscopic instrumentation.
SYNTHESIS OF RIBONUCLEIC ACID BY X-IRRADIATED BACTERIA

Frampton, E. W. (The University of Texas M. D. Anderson Hospital and Tumor Institute, Houston). Synthesis of ribonucleic acid by X-irradiated bacteria. J. Bacteriol. 87:1369–1376. 1964. —Postirradiation synthesis of total ribonucleic acid (RNA) and of RNA components was measured after exposure of Escherichia coli B/r to X rays. Net synthesis of RNA measured by the orcinol reaction and by the incorporation of uridine-2-C14 was depressed in irradiated cells, but paralleled the period of postirradiation growth (30 to 40 min). Incorporation of uridine-2-C14, added after net synthesis of RNA had ceased, detected an apparent turnover in a portion of the RNA. Irradiated cells retained their ability to adjust RNA synthesis to growth rate. After a shift-down in growth rate, irradiated cells incorporated radioactive uridine, while the net synthesis of RNA ceased—presumptive evidence for a continued synthesis of messenger RNA. Chloramphenicol addition (100 μg/ml) did not influence the total amount of RNA synthesized. Synthesis of ribosomes and transfer RNA preceded by 0, 5, 10, and 15 min of postirradiation incubation was observed by the resolution of cell-free extracts on sucrose density gradients. Little immediate influence of irradiation could be detected on the synthesis of 50S and 30S ribosomes. A decline was observed in the synthesis of 50S ribosomes with continued postirradiation incubation; 30S ribosomes, ribosomal precursors, and 4S RNA continued to be synthesized.