Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Biochemistry of the Mixed Lineage Leukemia 1 (MLL1) Protein and Targeted Therapies for Associated Leukemia

Mixed Lineage Leukemia constitutes a heterogeneous category of rare acute leukemias that are characterized by a mixed population of poorly differentiated lymphoid and myeloid progenitor cells. The mixed lineage leukemia (MLL1) gene, also known as HRX or ALL-1, is a frequent site of genetic rearrangements in infant acute leukemias and therapy-related malignancies (Daser and Rabbitts, 2005) and since its discovery (Djabali et al., 1992; Tkachuk et al., 1992; Ziemin-van der Poel et al., 1991), significant progress has been made in understanding its role in human biology and leukemogenesis (Liu et al., 2009; Slany, 2009). Chromosomal abnormalities involving the MLL1 gene include reciprocal chromosomal translocations, internal partial tandem duplications (PTD), and amplifications of unrearranged MLL1 (Dou and Hess, 2008). These chromosomal aberrations are associated with mechanistically distinct gain-of-function phenotypes that may be amenable to targeted therapeutic approaches. However, progress in this area has been impeded by a lack of understanding of the molecular details by which MLL1 translocations, amplifications and PTDs contribute to leukemogenesis. To date, more than 60 MLL1 fusion partners have been described (Krivtsov and Armstrong, 2007), and detailed genetic/biochemical studies have identified several functional domains within chimeric MLL1-fusion proteins that are essential for leukemic transformation (Daser and Rabbitts, 2005; Debernardi et al., 2002; Eguchi et al., 2004; Ernst et al., 2002; Krivtsov and Armstrong, 2007; Lavau et al., 2000; Liu et al., 2009; Luo et al., 2001; Mitterbauer-Hohendanner and Mannhalter, 2004; Mueller et al., 2009; Prasad et al., 1995). Although our understanding of the molecular pathology of MLL1associated leukemias remains incomplete, recent biochemical and structural information is contributing to an evolution of potential treatment strategies from a broadly-based chemotherapeutics approach towards therapies targeted to the underlying molecular pathogenesis of leukemia (Liedtke and Cleary, 2009). This chapter reviews recent advances in our efforts to develop novel MLL1-targeted therapies.
An overview of the use of neural networks for data mining tasks

In the recent years, the area of data mining has been experiencing considerable demand for technologies that extract knowledge from large and complex data sources. There has been substantial commercial interest as well as active research in the area that aim to develop new and improved approaches for extracting information, relationships, and patterns from large datasets. Artificial neural networks (NNs) are popular biologically‐inspired intelligent methodologies, whose classification, prediction, and pattern recognition capabilities have been utilized successfully in many areas, including science, engineering, medicine, business, banking, telecommunication, and many other fields. This paper highlights from a data mining perspective the implementation of NN, using supervised and unsupervised learning, for pattern recognition, classification, prediction, and cluster analysis, and focuses the discussion on their usage in bioinformatics and financial data analysis tasks. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
CBV、BEAM和BEAC预处理方案用于霍奇金淋巴瘤自体造血干细胞移植的疗效与安全性比较

DOI:10.3760/cma.j.issn.0253-2727.2017. 08.013 基金项目:霍英东高等院校青年教师基金(B231996001);人事 部归国留学人员启动基金(B311994001);卫生部优秀青年科技人才 专项(B121994002);国家“九·五”攻关课题(A20199610396-906-0112);高 等 学 校 博 士 学 科 点 专 项 科 研 基 金(20010023018、 20050023045、B201995002) 作者单位:100021 北京,国家癌症中心/中国医学科学院、北 京协和医学院肿瘤医院内科,国家新药(抗肿瘤)临床研究中心,抗 肿瘤分子靶向药物临床研究北京市重点实验室 通信作者:石远凯,Email:syuankai@cicams.ac. cn Comparisons of efficacy and safety of CBV, BEAM and BEAC highdose therapy followed by autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation in Hodgkin’s lymphoma Shi Youwu, Liu Peng, Zhou Shengyu, Yang Jianliang, Han Xiaohong, He Xiaohui, Zhang Changgong, Gui Lin, Qin Yan, Yang Sheng, Zhao Liya, Yao Jiarui, Zhang Shuxiang, Wu Shikai, Pan Feng, Sun Yan, Shi Yuankai Corresponding author: Shi Yuankai, Department of Medical Oncology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Clinical Study on Anticancer Molecular Targeted Drugs, National New Drug (Tumor Drug) Clinical Research Center, National Cancer Center / Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, China. Email: syuankai@cicams.ac. cn
Parasitism by the "slow" bacterium Helicobacter pylori leads to altered gastric homeostasis and neoplasia.

Helicobacter pylori are gram negative bacteria that live in the human stomach. They may be considered "slow" bacterial pathogens because of their ability to persist in this seemingly hostile environment for decades if not for life, because they induce an inflammatory response, and because this interaction may lead to a variety of clinical consequences, among them peptic ulceration and gastric neoplasia. It is important to understand the biology of H. pylori infections, not only because it is involved in the pathogenesis of two of the most important diseases of the upper gastrointestinal tract, peptic ulcer disease and adenocarcinoma of the stomach, but because it also serves as a model of the effects of chronic mucosal inflammation on endocrine homeostasis and on oncogenesis. However, H. pylori infection also allows us to view the consequences of persistence from the context of the successful parasite as well. We know that, if the range of a microbe is limited to a single species or a closely related group of species, there is a strong negative selective pressure against those that are overwhelmingly virulent; the central concern of the single reservoir microbe is the ability to be transmitted from host to host (1). The organism must strike a balance with regard to its virulence, such that a microbial density is produced that maximizes transmission in the normal host. All such balances involve costs (to the microbe); one cost is that, when a host with suboptimal defenses is encountered, disease may ensue that limits the ability of the microbe to find a new host. H. pylori appears to have successfully met these challenges. At least a third of the world's human population is infected (2), usually beginning early in life, and the major disease consequences appear to be expressed years or decades after infection is acquired (3), diminishing negative selection against infection. This success probably was not won overnight, but rather reflects a long evolutionary history of coexistence of humans and their gastric bacterial parasites. Persistent infections, especially those in which an immune response indicates that the host is aware of the microbe's presence, must have a complex
A Feature Extraction Scheme to Classify Motor Imagery MovementsBased on Bi-spectrum Analysis of EEG

In this paper, an effective but simple feature extraction procedure for motor imagery movement classification has been proposed. Higher-order statistical features are extracted using bi-spectrum analysisof the non-linear EEG signal. Firstly, EEG signals are filtered through a band-pass filter for decomposing EEG signal into several bands and then these signals are bi-spected. Higher-order statistical features i.e. skewness, kurtosis, V2 order, V3 orders, Variance etc. are investigated. From the one-way ANOVA analysis, these features are shown to be promising to distinguish motor imagery hand movement of EEG signals. The whole experiment accomplished by using the publically available benchmark BCI-competition 2003 Graz motor imagery dataset. Different types of classifiers have been tested to classify EEG signal, among themK-Nearest Neighbors (KNN) classifier provides a good accuracy of 84.29%. Finally, proposed method is compared with some of the existing methods and superior performance result is obtained.
Sustained miniaturization and anatomical innovation in the dinosaurian ancestors of birds

Turning large dinosaurs into small birds Most paleontologists agree that birds are descended from dinosaurs. How did such large terrestrial or aquatic animals evolve into small feathered fliers? Lee et al. used two large databases of theropod morphology to explore possible evolutionary patterns that may have driven this dramatic transformation (see the Perspective by Benton). They found no clear pattern of miniaturization across the entire clade of Theropoda. However, several lines of evidence suggested that the lineage leading to birds underwent sustained miniaturization. Within that lineage, body sizes decreased and species evolved faster. They also developed ecological and morphological innovations linked to smaller body sizes. Science, this issue p. 562; see also p. 508 Birds evolved from their dinosaurian ancestors through a period characterized by sustained and repeated decreases in size. [Also see Perspective by Benton] Recent discoveries have highlighted the dramatic evolutionary transformation of massive, ground-dwelling theropod dinosaurs into light, volant birds. Here, we apply Bayesian approaches (originally developed for inferring geographic spread and rates of molecular evolution in viruses) in a different context: to infer size changes and rates of anatomical innovation (across up to 1549 skeletal characters) in fossils. These approaches identify two drivers underlying the dinosaur-bird transition. The theropod lineage directly ancestral to birds undergoes sustained miniaturization across 50 million years and at least 12 consecutive branches (internodes) and evolves skeletal adaptations four times faster than other dinosaurs. The distinct, prolonged phase of miniaturization along the bird stem would have facilitated the evolution of many novelties associated with small body size, such as reorientation of body mass, increased aerial ability, and paedomorphic skulls with reduced snouts but enlarged eyes and brains.
KEPEMIMPINAN TRANSFORMASIONAL DALAM PENDIDIKAN

Kepemimpinan (Leadership) merupakan salah satu persoalan yang sangat penting bagi terlaksananya fungsi-fungsi manajemen. Permasalahan pemimpin dalam Islam sangat penting untuk dibahas dan selalu menjadi persoalan yang menarik pada setiap zaman. Dalam perspektif Islam, pemimpin merupakan hal cukup fundamental dalam tatanan sosial. Ia menempati posisi tertinggi dalam bangunan masyarakat. Ibarat kepala dari seluruh tubuh, peranannya sangat menentukan perjalanan dalam mewujudkan kemaslahatan umat. Tak hanya kemaslahatan dunia, seorang pemimpin juga memiliki tanggung jawab besar untuk mengatur serta mengawasi tegaknya syari’at Allah. Pemimpin Pendidikan menempati posisi yang sama pentingnya dengan pemimpin negara maupun agama. Kepemimpinan itu esensinya adalah pertanggungjawaban. Pengertian umum pemimpin pendidikan adalah kemampuan dan kesiapan yang dimiliki oleh seseorang untuk dapat mempengaruhi, mendorong, mengajak, menuntun, menggerahkan, dan kalau perlu memaksa orang atau kelompok agar menerima pengaruh tersebut dan selanjutnya berbuat sesuatu yang dapat membantu tercapainya suatu tujuan tertentu yang telah ditetapkan. Tujuan penelitian ini ingin mendeskripsikan kepemimpinan dalam pendidikan yang sesuai dengan tuntutan era desentralisasi pendidikan. Adapun jenis penelitian yakni penelitian pustaka, pendekatan penelitian adalah kualitatif. Dari hasil penelitian diketahui bahwa kepemimpinan yang sesuai dengan tuntutan desentralisasi dan otonomi pendidikan adalah model kepemimpinan transformasional, karena merupakan salah satu solusi krisis kepemimpinan terutama dalam bidang pendidikan. Kata kunci : kepemimpinan, transformasional, pendidikan.
CONTROLE DE POTÊNCIA EM MICRORREDES CA ISOLADAS COM AEROGERADORES E BANCOS DE BATERIAS DISTRIBUÍDOS

Este trabalho propoe uma nova estrategia para controle da potencia gerada em uma microrrede isolada, que opera em corrente alternada e que dispoe de geradores e bancos de baterias distribuidos ao longo da mesma. Embora nao haja restricoes quanto ao tipo de gerador a ser conectado a microrrede, neste estudo a aplicabilidade da estrategia proposta e analisada considerando a fonte de potencia como sendo uma turbina eolica acoplada a um gerador sincrono a imas permanentes. A microrrede estudada e composta de um conversor eletronico bidirecional, alimentado por um banco de baterias, que tem a funcao de formar a microrrede; um conversor eletronico ligado ao gerador da turbina eolica e que funciona como alimentador da microrrede; alem das cargas e demais sistemas perifericos de controle e manobra. O principal objetivo dessa estrategia e controlar a tensao terminal dos bancos de baterias abaixo de um determinado valor limite, mesmo quando momentaneamente a potencia demandada pela carga conectada a microrrede seja inferior a capacidade de geracao das fontes de potencia. A estrategia proposta controla a tensao dos bancos de baterias, controlando a energia gerada que vem dos geradores. Isto e feito sem a utilizacao de carga auxiliar para consumir o excesso de energia e sem comunicacao fisica entre os conversores eletronicos dos bancos de baterias e os conversores eletronicos conectados aos geradores. Uma tecnica de controle droop modificada, com base na frequencia da microrrede, e usada para informar aos conversores dos geradores sobre a quantidade de energia que eles estao liberados para gerar, a fim de manter a tensao dos bancos de baterias abaixo dos seus valores limites. O trabalho ainda apresenta as sistematicas de projeto e sintonia dos controladores das variaveis associadas com o sistema de geracao. Isso compreende o controle da tensao e da frequencia da microrrede, o controle das tensoes nos barramentos de corrente continua de todos os conversores eletronicos de potencia e o controle da tensao terminal dos bancos de baterias. Todos os controladores sao projetados no dominio discreto. Uma estrategia de desacoplamento dos efeitos das entradas de perturbacoes e incorporada a cada controlador. Nesse enfoque, e dada atencao especial ao controlador de tensao da microrrede, cujo efeito da viii perturbacao da corrente da carga e muito significativo para a qualidade de energia do sistema de geracao. As questoes relativas a maximizacao do aproveitamento energetico das fontes renovaveis sao contempladas no controle do conversor da turbina eolica. A estrategia de controle proposta neste trabalho e validada a partir de resultados experimentais obtidos com um prototipo de microrrede de potencia nominal 15 kw.
Calcul de distance inter-documents par approche mots-clés

La notion de mots-cles est desormais dans le quotidien de tout a chacun en plus d'etre un element principal dans l'analyse de texte. En effet, ils permettent de resumer l'information d'un texte en passant de plusieurs milliers de mots a quelques uns, a l'instar des points d'interet pour une image. Alors que la recherche de documents par mots-cles est un processus qui fonctionne plutot bien, la comparaison de textes est une tache qui n'utilise pas ces mots-cles et qui se base uniquement sur l'integralite des textes. Cependant, la comparaison pourrait etre effectue a l'aide de mots-cles notamment en utilisant un calcul de distance. Dans cet article, nous definissons une metrique pour calculer la distance entre deux documents ou parties de documents, distance representant leur niveau de ressemblance. Plus une distance est courte et plus le document est proche. Nous avons valide cette metrique sur une base d'evaluation heterogene. L'objectif est de fournir un outil robuste et efficace pour la comparaison de documents uniquement basee sur quelques mots-cles.
Towards effective network algorithms on multi-core network processors

To build high-performance network devices with holistic security protection, a large number of algorithms have been proposed. However, multi-core implementation of the existing algorithms suffers from three limitations: performance instability, data-structure heterogeneity, and hardware dependency. In this paper, we propose three principles for effective network processing on multi-core network processors. To verify the effectiveness of these principles, algorithms for two typical network processing tasks are redesigned and implemented on the Cavium Octeon3860 network processor. Test results show that our schemes achieve superior performance in comparison with existing best-known algorithms.
To Enhance Type 4 Clone Detection in Clone Testing

The means of software reuse is copying and modifying block of code that detect cloning. As a survey, it is observed that 20-30% of module in system may be cloned. So it is mandatory to detect clones in system to reduce replication and improve reusability. Code clone is similar or duplicate code in source code that is created either by replication or some modifications. Clone is a persistent form of Software Reuse that effect on maintenance of large software. In previous research, the researcher emphasis on detect type 1, type 2, and type 3 of type of clones. The existing code clone detection tools are used to detect clone in source code. In this research, the enhancement in code clone detection algorithm will be proposed which detect type 4. In this work, firstly, use an existing algorithm to detect clone. Secondly, we put some intensification in that algorithm to detect clone. Thirdly, we combine algorithm with type 4 to detect a clone in particular function. By using type 4, the efficiency of clone detection is increased. Clone is detected in particular function, which is more accurate and more efficient in manner. Keywords— Software clone, clone detection, clone testing, code clone, algorithm, effectiveness of software.
Grammatical Gender in German: A Case for Linguistic Relativity?

The “principle of linguistic relativity” holds that, by way of grammatical categorization, language affects the conceptual representations of its speakers. Formal gender systems are a case in point, albeit a particularly controversial one: Previous studies obtained broadly diverging data, thus giving rise to conflicting conclusions. To a large extent, this incoherence is related to task differences and methodological problems. Here, a priming design is presented that avoids previous problems, as it prevents participants from employing gender information in a strategic manner. Four experiments with German native speakers show priming effects of the prime's grammatical gender on animate and nonanimate targets, an effect for the prime's biological gender on animate targets, but no effect for the prime's biological gender on nonanimate targets, and thus speak against an effect of language on thought for German gender.
Condition Monitoring and Fault Diagnosis in Wind Energy Conversion Systems: A Review

There is a constant need for the reduction of operational and maintenance costs of Wind Energy Conversion Systems (WECS). The most efficient way of reducing these costs would be to continuously monitor the condition of these systems. This allows for early detection of the degeneration of the generator health, facilitating a proactive response, minimizing downtime, and maximizing productivity. Wind generators are also inaccessible since they are situated on extremely high towers, which are normally 20 m or greater in height. There are also plans to increase the number of offshore sites increasing the need for a remote means of WECS monitoring that eliminates some of the difficulties faced due to accessibility problems. Therefore and due to the importance of condition monitoring and fault diagnosis in WECS (blades, drive trains, and generators); and keeping in mind the need for future research, this paper is intended as a tutorial overview based on a review of the state of the art, describing different type of faults, their generated signatures, and their diagnostic schemes.
Dorsal Horn &agr;-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic Acid Receptor Trafficking in Inflammatory Pain

Activation of synaptic N-methyl-D-aspartic acid receptor and its intracellular downstream signals in dorsal horn neurons of spinal cord contribute to central sensitization, a mechanism that underlies the development and maintenance of pain hypersensitivity in persistent pain. However, the molecular process of this event is not understood completely. Recently, new studies suggest that peripheral inflammatory insults drive changes in &agr;-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid receptor subunit trafficking via N-methyl-D-aspartic acid receptor-triggered activation of protein kinases in dorsal horn and raise the possibility that such changes might contribute to central sensitization in persistent pain. This review presents current evidence regarding the changes that occur in the trafficking of dorsal horn &agr;-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid receptor subunits GluR1 and GluR2 under persistent inflammatory pain conditions and discusses the potential mechanisms by which such changes participate in the development and maintenance of inflammatory pain.
Quality of Life after Orthodontic Therapy from the Perspective of CS-OIDP

Objective: The aim of this study was to assess the impact of occlusal problems on quality of life in 288 patients who had undergone fixed orthodontic therapy, as well as to investigate the factors associated with this impact. Material and Methods: The orthodontic treatment needed by the IOTN index and the adequacy of treatment through the PAR index were evaluated in models. The impact on quality of life was assessed using the CS-OIDP index. For data analysis, we used the Mann-Whitney and Kruskal-Wallis test for a confidence level of 95%. Results: The impact of malocclusion on quality of life was low, being present in 29.2% of cases. Performances of smiling, emotional state, and cleanliness of the mouth were the most affected. Factors related to the impact were the kind of service of the treatment performed, the need for orthodontic treatment, type of problem that motivated the treatment, and current age at the end of treatment. Conclusions: Despite the low impact, it was strengthened the hypothesis that patients undergoing orthodontic therapy had an improved quality of life.
Discriminative Approach to Build Hybrid Vocabulary for Conversational Telephone Speech Recognition of Agglutinative Languages

SUMMARY Morphemes, which are obtained from morphological parsing, and statistical sub-words, which are derived from data-driven splitting, are commonly used as the recognition units for speech recognition of agglutinative languages. In this letter, we propose a discriminative approach to select the splitting result, which is more likely to improve the recognizer’s performance, for each distinct word type. An objective function which involves the unigram language model (LM) probability and the count of misrecognized phones on the acoustic training data is deﬁned and minimized. After determining the splitting result for each word in the text corpus, we select the frequent units to build a hybrid vocabulary including morphemes and statistical sub-words. Compared to a statistical sub-word based system, the hybrid system achieves 0.8% letter error rates (LERs) reduction on the test set.
Praxis matemática: reflexiones sobre la cognición que la hace posible

La matemática forma un cuerpo único de conocimiento. Entre otras cosas, es abstracta, exacta, eficaz, simbolizable y proporciona sorprendentes aplicaciones al mundo real. En el campo de la filosofía de la matemática el estudio de la práctica matemática ha devenido gradualmente una importante área de investigación. ¿Qué aspectos de la mente y el cuerpo humano hacen posible la particular práctica matemática? En este artículo, reviso brevemente algunas dimensiones cognitivas que juegan un papel crucial en la creación y consolidación de la matemática.