Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A Study of the Inner World of Children with Emotional and Behavioural Difficulties

This study investigated associations between children with emotional/behaviour difficulties (EBD) and children without reported problems in their representations of parents and measures of their socio-emotional adaptation. Fifty-nine children were interviewed using the Mac Arthur Story-Stem Battery (MS SB) to obtain their narrative representations of parents. Data reduction of the content and parent themes of the play narratives generated composites of negative, disciplinary, and pro-social parenting. To measure behaviour problems, teachers completed the Teacher’s Report Form. Results showed significant differences in the play narratives of EBD children compared to controls. The EBD children’s play narratives were characterized by negative parenting (harsh/aggressive and disorganized) and poor narrative coherence. In contrast the control group presented parents as disciplinary (limit-setting), and presented coherent narratives. It was also found that the negative parenting theme was correlated to, and predictive of, children’s externalized behaviour problems, and contributed to discriminating EBD and non-EBD status. The discussion addresses the extent to which the EBD children’s responses to the MS SB are suggestive of disorganized representational processes, which is thought to be related to disorganized attachment classification. Finally, the contribution of the MS SB play narrative technique as an assessment and treatment tool is discussed. This study adds an important dimension to research on parent-child relationships in children presenting with emotional and behavioural difficulties, that is the child’s perception on these relationships.
Total contents of phenolics, flavonoids, tannins and antioxidant capacity of selected traditional Ethiopian alcoholic beverages

The aim of this study was to determine the total contents of phenolics, tannins and flavonoids and antioxidant capacity and their relationships in traditional Ethiopian alcoholic beverages. They have been determined utilizing Folin–Ciocalteu assay, aluminum chloride precipitating agent and 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) assay, respectively. The most widely consumed beverages and which have many varieties were selected for this study. These are gesho fermented and non-gesho beverages tella , tej , borde , keribo , birz , korefe and areke . The total phenolic content obtained in gallic acid equivalent (GAE) μg mL -1 was: areke (0.2–0.62), tella (10.1–19.1), tej (5.8–9.5), keribo (10.4–14.9), birz (10.5–12.2), korefe (9.2–10.7) and borde (8.4–10.6). The majority of phenolic compounds in the alcoholic beverages are non-tannic and non-flavonoid compounds. The antioxidant capacity obtained in ascorbic acid equivalent (AAE) μg mL -1 was: areke (-0.28–284), tella (31.6–201), tej (1.73–73.7), keribo (39.21–90.11), birz (41.95–63.08), korefe (58.25–96.45) and borde (180–217). The variation in the antioxidant activity among the beverages is due to the types and amount of ingredients used, disparity in the preparation process and the types of phenolic compounds found. The relationship between total phenolics and antioxidant activities was investigated using Pearson correlation at 95% confidence level. The results obtained indicate that the non-gesho fermented beverages such as keribo (-0.714), birz (-0.686) and borde (-0.212) have negative antioxidant correlation with the total phenolic, whereas, fermented beverages with gesho such as tella (0.539), tej (0.385) and korefe (0.557) have positive correlations. Areke has an overall positive correlation (0.609), but, the cereal areke which does not have medicinal plants has negative correlation. KEY WORDS : Phenolic content, Antioxidant capacity, Traditional alcoholic beverages, Ethiopian beverages Bull. Chem. Soc. Ethiop. 2016 , 30(1), 27-37. DOI: http://dx.doi. org/10.4314/bcse.v30i1. 3
Improvement And Modernization of Agricultural Irrigation. Uzbekistan Case Study

This paper analyzes the history and present of irrigation in agriculture in Uzbekistan to set future goals. The changes produced in the economic and political reality in Central Asia in this past century are of great importance for water management in the Aral Sea basin. This framework also considers the relationships between countries that share water resources. Changes in the market economy, the need to diversify the Uzbek economy, and the need to produce food make inevitable changes in water management. It is essential to address the modernization and improvement of the irrigation systems of Uzbekistan.
Behavioral and Emotional Factors Identifying Dental Students’ Academic Performance and Depression Tendency in Japan

This study primarily aimed to identify the mechanism through which behavioral and emotional factors relate to Japanese dental students’ academic performance, and secondarily to explain which emotional and behavioral factors and academic performance are related to dental students’ depression. A questionnaire survey was administered to 92 first-year undergraduate dental students during the 2018 academic year at a Japanese university. Regarding the mechanism of students’ academic performance, results of path analysis revealed that procrastination behavior positively affected emotional irritation and emotional irritation negatively affected academic performance. Correlation analysis revealed that depression tendency was positively related to emotional irritation and procrastination behavior. This study shows that undergraduate dental students’ stable emotion (lack of irritation) is likely associated with their academic success and their psychological health. Hence, to aid in the reduction of dental students’ depression and to improve their academic performance, we propose that educators should display acceptance of students’ emotions as an alternative to suggesting solutions from their own viewpoint.
Nanomaterials in Soil Environment: A Review

Nanomaterials (NMs) have become an integral part of our daily life and their extensive uproduction will only increase with the coming time. These NMs exhibit significant contrast in regard to dimension, reaction, and structure. The most important aspect of the NMs is that these can be easily manipulated and engineered to custom-suit different functions/industries. Owing to their dynamic nature, these NMs behave differently when introduced in any medium. In soil, the behavior of NMs is significantly controlled by the interactions of nanomaterials with soil phases. Although, NMs are deemed beneficial for human-use yet these also carry lethal effects. Moreover, there is dearth of adequate research with respect to the interactions among nanomaterials and soil physicochemical properties; their accumulation-dissolution dynamics in soil-plant systems; and their long term influence on soil health. Several NMs induce physiological stress when introduced inside the body. Thus, various researchers have devised green pathways for producing NMs, although their wide applicability is still questionable. Although the domain of nanotechnology is greatly explored yet there remain several grey areas which need to be addressed for sustainable utilization of these unique materials in the benefit of humankind.
Tone Classification Matches Kodàly Handsign with the K-Nearest Neighbor Method at Leap Motion Controller

Hands can produce a variety of poses in which each pose can have a meaning or purpose that can be used as a form of communication determined according to a general agreement or who communicate. Hand pose can be used as human interaction with the computer is faster, intuitive, and in line with the natural function of the human body called Handsign. One of them is Kodàly Handsign, made by a Hungarian composer named Zoltán Kodály, which is a concept in music education in Hungary. This hand sign is used in interactive angklung performances in determining the tone that will be played by the K-Nearest Neighbor (KNN) algorithm classification process based on hand poses. This classification process is performed on the extracted data from Leap Motion Controller, which takes Pitch, Roll, and Yaw values based on basic aircraft principle. The results of the research were conducted five times with the value of k periodically 1,3,5,7,9 with test data consisting pose of 874 Do', 702 Si, 913 La, 612 Sol, 661 Fa, 526 Mi, 891 Re, and 1004 Do punctuation on 21099 training data. The test results can recognize hand poses with the optimal k value k=1 with an accuracy level of 94.87%.
Impact of fractures and orthopedic surgeries in patients with HTLV-1 associated myelopathy/tropical spastic paraparesis

Abstract INTRODUCTION In patients with HTLV-1 associated myelopathy/tropical spastic paraparesis (HAM/TSP) gait disturbance is a predominant feature that leads to falls and fractures, which can further aggravate disability. We sought to evaluate the impact of fractures and orthopedic surgeries in patients with HAM/TSP. METHODS: We retrieved the medical records of HAM/TSP patients enrolled in our study center’s HTLV-1 clinical cohort between 1989-2018. The selection criteria included: (1) diagnosis of HTLV-1 infection using two enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays and/or a confirmatory test, (2) clinical diagnosis of HAM/TSP by neurological assessment, and (3) fractures associated with HAM/TSP. RESULTS: We identified 24 cases of fractures, 70% of which were females. The median age at the time of fracture was 60 years (IQR=24). Six cases reported fractures in patients under 45 years old. Ten patients (42%) had hip/coccyx fractures, seven (29%) were in the lower extremities, and four (17%) in the upper extremities. Half of these patients reported the use of wheelchairs. Five patients who had previously used canes required the use of wheelchairs after the reported fracture. Eight patients underwent corrective orthopedic surgery as a result of the fracture. CONCLUSIONS: For HAM/TSP patients, fractures are a complication that can exacerbate their severe impairment.
Human ESC-sEVs alleviate age-related bone loss by rejuvenating senescent bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells

ABSTRACT Tissue-resident stem cell senescence leads to stem cell exhaustion, which is a major cause of physiological and pathological ageing. Stem cell-derived extracellular vesicles (SC-EVs) have been reported in preclinical studies to possess therapeutic potential for diverse diseases. However, whether SC-EVs can rejuvenate senescent tissue stem cells to prevent age-related disorders still remains unknown. Here, we show that chronic application of human embryonic stem cell-derived small extracellular vesicles (hESC-sEVs) rescues the function of senescent bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BM-MSCs) and prevents age-related bone loss in ageing mice. Transcriptome analysis revealed that hESC-sEVs treatment upregulated the expression of genes involved in antiaging, stem cell proliferation and osteogenic differentiation in BM-MSCs. Furthermore, liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) analysis identified 4122 proteins encapsulated in hESC-sEVs. Bioinformatics analysis predicted that the protein components in the hESCs-sEVs function in a synergistic way to induce the activation of several canonical signalling pathways, including Wnt, Sirtuin, AMPK, PTEN signalling, which results in the upregulation of antiaging genes in BM-MSCs and then the recovery of senescent BM-MSCs function. Collectively, our findings reveal the effect of hESC-sEVs in reversing BM-MSCs senescence and age-related osteogenic dysfunction, thereby preventing age-related bone loss. Because hESC-sEVs could alleviate senescence of tissue-resident stem cells, they might be promising therapeutic candidates for age-related diseases.
Clinical Practice Status of Sentinel Lymph Node Biopsy for Early-Stage Breast Cancer Patients in China: A Multicenter Study

Background Sentinel lymph node biopsy (SLNB) was introduced over 30 years ago, but the application of SLNB in China is unclear. This study aimed to explore the real-world implementation of SLNB among early-stage breast cancer patients in China. Methods A multi-center, retrospective study was conducted among primary breast cancer patients from 37 hospitals in China in 2018. Their clinical data were collected and analyzed, including the implementation status of SLNB in China, subsequent processing of sentinel lymph nodes (SLNs) containing metastases, and the effect of neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) on SLNB. Results SLNB surgery was performed on 43.5% of early-stage breast cancer patients in China and 11,942 patients who underwent SLNB were enrolled in this study. The majority of SLNBs were performed using a single mapping agent. A combination of blue dye and radiotracer or fluorescence imaging was used in only 14.9% of patients. The mean (SD) number of resected SLNs was 4.0 (2.1). For the patients with 1 or 2 positive SLNs, 83.0% of them continued to receive axillary lymph node dissection (ALND), while others did not. For the patients with three or more positive SLNs, 97.2% of them continued to receive ALND, among which 82.9% accepted radiotherapy simultaneously. Of the patients who underwent SLN surgery, 5.5% (654/11,942) were receiving NAC. Among them, 51.9% received SLNB before NAC, and the rest received SLNB after NAC. In biopsy-proven positive nodes, 64.7% positive SLNs turned negative after NAC. Conclusion SLNB has been promoted in China, but it is not widely used compared to in developed countries. Furthermore, the usage of the dual tracer technique in SLNB is not high. Chinese breast surgeons are more conservative regarding the omission of ALND in 1 or 2 SLNs-positive patients.
Comparative evaluation of pesticides and biorationals against key pests of greenhouse chrysanthemum

Chrysanthemum (Dendranthema grandiflora) is grown for year round flower production in greenhouses. Greenhouse experiments were conducted in Centre for Protected Cultivation Technology (CPCT), IARI, New Delhi for two seasons during 2009 -2010 to study the efficacy of individual and integrated treatments for the management of key insect pests of chrysanthemum. Results revealed that in all the tested insecticides, the integrated treatments were most effective in comparison to the individual interventions. Combined treatment of phosphamidon and cypermethrin was the most effective for the key pests, viz. aphid and caterpillar. Efficacy of caterpillar management by spinosad increased after three days of application (94.44%) in comparison to first two days (13.20 and 30.33%, respectively) of application and it persisted up to 10 days of application which was not observed in controlling aphid. In chrysanthemum aphid control, the effectiveness of the treatment of agricultural spray oil and azadirachtin was decreased immediately after two 2 days of spraying, whereas combined treatment of both showed very effective result. Agricultural spray oil and azadirachtin are more acceptable than conventional insecticides as they are known to be active against pest populations but are relatively more environment-friendly to beneficial organisms.
Dimethyl 4‐(4‐isopropyl­carbonyl­oxyphen­yl)‐2,6‐dimethyl‐1,4‐dihydro­pyridine‐3,5‐dicarboxyl­ate

In the mol­ecule of the title compound, C21H25NO6, the substituted 1,4-dihydro­pyridine (1,4-DHP) ring has a flattened boat conformation. The carbonyl groups of the ester groups at positions 3 and 5 of the 1,4-DHP ring have cis configurations with respect to the double bonds in the 1,4-DHP ring. In the solid state, the mol­ecules are linked by inter­molecular N—H⋯O hydrogen bonds. Weak intra­molecular C—H⋯O inter­actions stabilize the mol­ecular structure.
Is the use of mobile phones good for your neck? Text neck syndrome as an awareness of the existing threat – literature review

Introduction. SMS neck syndrome is a problem that threatens the physical and mental health of modern mobile phone users. It is difficult for today’s population to function without mobile devices, therefore the problem of using mobile phones concerns many aspects of a social, health and psychological nature. People who use phones excessively potentially increase the risk of developing musculoskeletal problems. Using smartphones contributes to incorrect body posture, which in turn causes neck and back pain. Objective. The aim of the study based on a literature review was to present the threats arising from the use of mobile phones, and to identify the main health problems of mobile
Emotional Intelligence Level Higher in Residents Who Took a Gap Year Before Medical School [Letter]

School of Medicine, Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK Dear editor I read with great interest the study by Shahid et al which investigated the effect of taking time off training, including undertaking a gap year, on levels of emotional intelligence (EI) in American resident physicians. The authors should be thanked and congratulated for improving the understanding of a fundamental aspect of personal and professional development during one’s career as a doctor. I would like to put forward some comments regarding this study. The main finding that residents who took time off training had higher overall EI scores compared to those who had not (mean EI 103.96 vs 99.52, respectively) was statistically significant (p = 0.02), but I question whether this difference has considerable significance in real world practice. The overall difference itself is arguably marginal when interpreting the EI scores on the Bar-On Emotional Quotient Inventory 2.0 (EQ-i 2.0®) scale; the majority of scores from both groups fall in the same “average EQ” category (EQ 90–110). This is also apparent when interpreting individual composite scores. Moreover, it could be difficult to observe any of these differences in actuality as Bar-On’s EQ-i reflects potential for emotional performance rather than true performance itself and is process-based. The Mayer-SaloveyCaruso Emotional Intelligence Test (MSCEIT) would have been a viable alternative to measure EI in that it is abilityand outcome-based. The study’s cross-sectional design only provided a snapshot of EI, as acknowledged by the authors, this limited any finding of causality. It would be valuable to discern whether EI scores actually improve after taking time off, as this is more fitting with the concept that EI is dynamic; this could be achieved via a cohort study with EI scores tested before and after time off training. The EQ-i 2.0 instrument used wholly relies on participant self-assessment, as such this is likely to have produced social desirability response bias whereby residents may have deliberately overand underestimated responses. Furthermore, the study’s low response rate (36.2%) could have incurred substantial sampling bias. Willingness to participate in the survey could have been in itself associated with greater selfperception, self-expression and happiness, all being composites of EQ-i 2.0. It was good that study also examined the effect of other variables on EI including age, sex, degree type and speciality. However, there are more variables that could have been investigated such as physical and mental health, socioeconomic status, marital Correspondence: Tun Tha Tel +44 7449505477 Email t.z. tha@smd15.qmul. ac.uk Advances in Medical Education and Practice Dovepress
Self-Monitoring in Speaking: In Defense of a Comprehension-Based Account

Speakers occasionally make speech errors, which may be detected and corrected. According to the comprehension-based account proposed by Levelt, Roelofs, and Meyer (1999) and Roelofs (2004), speakers detect errors by using their speech comprehension system for the monitoring of overt as well as inner speech. According to the production-based account of Nozari, Dell, and Schwartz (2011), speakers may use their comprehension system for external monitoring but error detection in internal monitoring is based on the amount of conflict within the speech production system, assessed by the anterior cingulate cortex (ACC). Here, I address three main arguments of Nozari et al. and Nozari and Novick (2017) against a comprehension-based account of internal monitoring, which concern cross-talk interference between inner and overt speech, a double dissociation between comprehension and self-monitoring ability in patients with aphasia, and a domain-general error-related negativity in the ACC that is allegedly independent of conscious awareness. I argue that none of the arguments are conclusive, and conclude that comprehension-based monitoring remains a viable account of self-monitoring in speaking.
Liraglutide and Insulin Have Contrary Effects on Adipogenesis of Human Adipose-Derived Stem Cells via Wnt Pathway

Background Glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) has been reported to have beneficial impacts on improving human’s metabolism and ameliorating insulin resistance. While insulin is another important and conventional drug in diabetes treatment, but it has an adverse effect on weight gain. Purpose To make sure whether GLP-1 and insulin play different roles in human adipose-derived stem cells (hADSCs). Methods We examined the in vitro roles and molecular mechanisms of liraglutide, a GLP-1 analogue, and human insulin on hADSCs isolated from subcutaneous adipose tissue. Different concentrations (0, 0.1, 1, 10, 100nM) of liraglutide and insulin were added to proliferation and differentiation medium of hADSCs, respectively. Results Liraglutide inhibits while insulin promotes the proliferation and differentiation at the concentration of 100nM. Moreover, the levels of GSK-3 increase during differentiation and liraglutide could down-regulate it when compared with insulin. We also find that the activation of phosphorylated GSK-3α and GSK-3β is involved in the differentiation roles. And classical and non-classical Wnt pathways all play roles in the differentiation, which are characterized with the up/down-regulation of the expression of adipogenesis genes such as PPAR-γ and CEBP-α. Conclusion Liraglutide and insulin have contrary effects on the proliferation and adipogenesis via Wnt pathway in primary cultured ADSCs. Those effects could partly explain the different roles of GLP-1 and insulin on weight gain and insulin resistance.
Carbon source utilization patterns in dental plaque and microbial responses to sucrose, lactose, and phenylalanine consumption in severe early childhood caries

ABSTRACT Background Severe early childhood caries (S-ECC) is mainly caused by the interaction of microbiota and environmental factors. However, the metabolic profiles of S-ECC microbial communities and the community-level microbial responses to carbohydrates and amino acids are poorly understood. Methods We collected supragingival plaques from 15 caries-free (CF) and 14 S-ECC children. Cultivation on Biolog AN microplates together with next-generation sequencing was used to analyze sole carbon source utilization patterns and microbial responses to sucrose, lactose and phenylalanine. Results S-ECC plaques had greater overall metabolic activity than those of CF ones. Comparing with CF, S-ECC plaques utilized more sucrose and lactose but less phenylalanine and then had greater response to carbohydrates. A remarkable increase of non-mutans Streptococci was observed in sucrose and lactose consumption. Lactose led to less differently distributed taxa than sucrose in both CF and S-ECC groups. Sucrose made the originally different S-ECC and CF communities eventually became similar to each other, but they remained dissimilar in lactose. Conclusion S-ECC plaques had more active interaction with cariogenic carbohydrates like sucrose and lactose than healthy plaques. We supported lactose has less cariogenicity compared with sucrose from microbial community structural aspect. Phenylalanine may have a potentially inhibitory effect on caries development.