Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Profit Sharing in Renewable Resource industries: Implications and Optimal Management

In renewable resource industries, labor is commonly paid with a share of the harvested resource rather than with a per unit-of-effort wage. Share cropping in agriculture is one well-known example and entitlement of the crew to a share of the revenue from the sale of the catch is almost universal among commercial fishing fleets. This paper shows that sharing arrangements have substantial implications for the industry’s profits, optimal resource management, and the resource’s ecological state. Effectively, sharing agreements can interact with fluctuations in natural capital to cause inefficient investment levels and skew industry rents toward labor. As a consequence, optimal regulatory policy for such industries must account for the implications of such sharing arrangements. The model demonstrates why management tools like individual transferable quotas in fisheries, have had unexpected ecological benefits in terms of increasing and stabilizing fishery stocks. Finally, the paper provides an illustrative example using the US Pacific albacore fishery. ∗Ph.D. candidate, Department of Economics, UC San Diego. Thanks are due to Richard Carson, Michael Ewens, Ben Gilbert, Ted Groves, Rognvaldur Hannesson, Craig McIntosh, Dale Squires, Choon Wang and participants in various seminars for valuable comments. Carl Lian at Northwest Fisheries Science Center and Gunnar Knapp at University of Alaska were both very informative and helpful. Any errors are those of the author.
Antibacterial and Cytotoxicity Studies of Barringtonia Asiatica

Plants are important sources of medicinal products, they are recognized for their ability to produce a rich source of secondary metabolites and humans have long before now used many species to treat various kind of disease and ailment [1]. Barringtonia asiatica is a species of Barringtonia native to mangrove habitats on the tropical, it is a common plant in the Malaysian Mangroves and wetlands such as the Kuching wetlands Sarawak and Bako National Park,
La représentation de l'entrepreneur au cinéma : c'est encore loin l'Amérique ?

Cet article a pour objet d’explorer les representations de l’entrepreneur vehiculees dans les films. Parce que le cinema est un media particulierement puissant, il peut nous aider a comprendre comment les stereotypes et l’imaginaire collectif font echo aux dissemblances du soutien social reserve aux entrepreneurs selon les pays. Une etude est realisee sur 141 films. Le cadre d’analyse repose sur quatre dimensions : les motivations, l’identite-personnalite, le comportement et les enjeux sociaux. Un volet supplementaire original vient completer ce cadre, celui des genres cinematographiques adoptes par les realisateurs. Cette recherche debouche sur un projet concret visant notamment a susciter davantage d’interet pour la figure de l’entrepreneur, et les parcours professionnels atypiques.
Releases of parasitoids (Ceranisus spp.) as biological control agents of western flower thrips (Frankliniella occidentalis) in experimental glasshouses

Experimental releases were performed to investigate the potential of thrips parasitoids as biological control agents of western flower thrips, Frankliniella occidentalis (Pergande). Strains of two larval parasitoid species (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae), Ceranisus menes (Walker) (a strain from France and from Brazil) and Ceranisus americensis (Girault) (Arizona strain), were released in different commercial greenhouse crops. In all crops only traces of parasitism were recorded. In an experimental rose crop (cv. 'Frisco'), releases were made of two parasitoid species, C. menes (a French strain) and C. americensis (Arizona strain) in two separate greenhouse compartments. An account is given on the release, dispersal, establishment, population dynamics and control capacity of both parasitoid species. Parasitoids spread readily and established themselves throughout the crops, but releases did not result in reduction of thrips during a five month period. Rates of parasitism stayed lower than 10% throughout the season, resulting in severe damage of the rose crop. The potential of parasitoids as biological control agents of thrips pests in ornamental crops is discussed.
THE ORIGIN OF DUST IN THE EARLY UNIVERSE: PROBING THE STAR FORMATION HISTORY OF GALAXIES BY THEIR DUST CONTENT

Two distinct scenarios for the origin of the ∼4 × 108 M☉ of dust observed in the high-redshift (z = 6.4) quasar J1148+5251 have been proposed. The first assumes that this galaxy is much younger than the age of the universe at that epoch so that only supernovae (SNe) could have produced this dust. The second scenario assumes a significantly older galactic age, so that the dust could have formed in lower-mass asymptotic giant branch (AGB) stars. Presenting new integral solutions for the chemical evolution of metals and dust in galaxies, we offer a critical evaluation of these two scenarios and observational consequences that can discriminate between the two. We show that AGB stars can produce the inferred mass of dust in this object, however, the final mass of surviving dust depends on the galaxy's star formation history (SFH). In general, SNe cannot produce the observed amount of dust unless the average SN event creates over ∼2 M☉ of dust in its ejecta. However, special SFHs can be constructed in which SNe can produce the inferred dust mass with a reasonable average dust yield of ∼0.15 M☉. The two scenarios propose different origins for the galaxy's spectral energy distribution, different star formation efficiencies and stellar masses, and consequently different comoving number densities of J1148+5251-type hyperluminous infrared (IR) objects. The detection of diagnostic mid-IR fine structure lines and more complete surveys determining the comoving number density of these objects can discriminate between the two scenarios.
Management Information Systems : a comparative study France / Brazil

Une fois correctement appliqués et contrôlés, les systèmes d'information fournissent des gains significatifs de productivité, permet de réinventer des processus, automatise des tâches, soutient les activités qui ne pourraient pas probablement être exécutées en son absence. Ils permettent également une réduction des coûts opérationnels et l'élimination des fonctions inutiles, en plus d'augmenter la rapidité et l'exactitude des décisions. En raison de cette importance, on s'attend que la recherche SI puisse contribuer non seulement à établir une base de connaissance pour l'académie elle-même, mais qui serve également les professionnels dans les organismes. De cette façon, le choix des sujets de recherches est crucial. Les sujets de recherche, néanmoins, présentent des différences significatives entre les pays. Le but de cet article est d'identifier les différences dans des sujets de recherches entre le Brésil et la France dans le domaine de la gestion de systèmes d’information : une comparaison est proposée entre le congrès brésilien ENANPAD (domain de gestion de l'information) et le congrès de l’AIM (France), en vérifiant des différences d'approches comme des opportunités de recherche.
Beginnings : The Twenty-Statement Test

The development of research into cross-cultural psychology over the past several decades has involved a search for the most appropriate way in which to describe and analyse cultural differences. Measurement of respondents’ identity has played an increasingly central role in that search. The early stages of cross-cultural research most typically comprised simple comparisons of empirical results between two or more cultures, with cultures being arbitrarily defined as coexistent with national boundaries. It quickly became apparent that nations differ on a multitude of attributes, each of which might account for any differences that had been identified. By the 1970s, calls were already being formulated in favour of ‘unpackaging’ culture, in order to determine which attributes of cultural difference are most directly implicated in those variations in performance that are of interest to psychologists (Rohner, 1984; Whiting, 1976). It was soon proposed that the way in which most individuals within a given culture characterise themselves is a key element of this type. Subsequent attempts to understand cultural variations in identity have involved a continuing interplay between theorising about identity and proposals for how to measure identity in ways that are culturally valid. This chapter follows the historical sequence that
The stories we tell: exploring narrative in education for justice and equality in multicultural contexts

This paper focuses on the role of narrative in enabling educational processes to support justice and equality in multicultural societies. It draws on Bhabha’s (2003) concept “the right to narrate”, arguing that conceptions of multicultural education which focus exclusively on the nation are insufficient in a globalized and interdependent world. National narratives, promoted through history and citizenship education, not only deny minorities’ perspectives but also encourage exclusive visions of the nation, maintaining the hegemony of the nation-state. Neighboring nations tell alternative, often contradictory, stories through their school curricula. Processes are closer to propaganda than the educational goal of critical thinking and contribute little to the realisation of justice and peace at home or the wider world. Promoting nationalism and a sense of national superiority may weaken the position of migrants and undermine regional and global cooperation. The paper argues we need to rethink multicultural education. In particular, we need to re-imagine the nation as cosmopolitan. Drawing on the tools of the internationally-agreed human rights project, itself a cosmopolitan endeavor, and on principles of human rights education, it is possible to develop a concept of multicultural education which supports justice and equality at all scales, from the local to the global.
Maintaining Track Continuity for Extended Targets Using Gaussian-Mixture Probability Hypothesis Density Filter

A multiextended-target tracker based on the extended target Gaussian-mixture probability hypothesis density (ET-GMPHD) filter, which can provide the tracks of the extended targets, is proposed to maintain the track continuity for the extended targets. To identify the extended targets, each individual Gaussian term of the mixture representing the posterior intensity function will be assigned a label, which is evolved through time. Then a track management scheme, including track initiation, track confirmation, track propagation, and termination, is developed to form the tracks for the extended targets. Furthermore, to improve the performance of the extended target tracker we also propose a mixture partitioning algorithm for resolving the identities of the extended targets in close proximity. The simulation results show that our proposed tracker achieves the less error of the position estimates and decreases the probability of incorrect label assignments from 0.6 to 0.25.
Protection in Low Voltage DC Microgrids

Protection is an important aspect when designing a microgrid system, as it ensures the network is able to run safely. As the debate between AC vs. DC protection schemes continue, there appear to be distinct advantages and disadvantages on each side with respect to reliability, efficiency, security, environmental and economic concerns. In this thesis, a low voltage DC microgrid protection scheme used in a data center is proposed. The final goal of this project is to develop a network and perform a fault analysis study while investigating different aspects of power protection schemes. Research is done on different protection devices which will be used to protect their respective components. Three types of faults will be tested on the system for fault current observation purposes. In order to calculate the theoretical fault current of the battery and converter, Microsoft Excel will be used. ICAPS by Intusoft will be used to simulate three different faults in the network. Fault 1 will be on the positive and negative pole of the converter/battery and the load. Fault 2 is a double line to ground fault located on one of the feeders near the load. Fault 3 is a single line to ground impedance located on one of the positive pole of the feeder with a high impedance. Results show that there are commercial devices available to protect components in such a system. Ultra hybrid DC circuit breakers are used to protect the converter, Molded Case Circuit Breakers are used for feeder protection, and lastly fuses or circuit breakers can be used for battery protection.
Differences in in-hospital clinical course, management and outcome between stroke with and without atrial fibrillation. A retrospective analysis from the SETI (Studio Epidemiologico Toscano Ictus) study

BACKGROUND Stroke in patients with Atrial Fibrillation (AF) differs from Not Atrial Fibrillation Strokes (NAFS) in severity of onset and outcome but other variables may worsen the clinical scenario. MATERIALS AND METHODS We studied 738 patients (430 females and 308 males), with mean age 78.7 ± 9.9 years (female 81.0 ± 8.9; male 75.2 ± 10.2; p < 0.001) consecutively admitted for stroke to the Internal Medicine Departments of Tuscany in a three months period (March 1 to May 31, 2003) in order to ascertain if the in-hospital burden of Atrial Fibrillation Strokes (AFS) was different from that of NAFS. Demographic data, clinical conditions before admission, the mode and timing of hospital admission, clinical presentation, treatment, complications, and outcome and the mode of discharge were examined. RESULTS AFS were 205 (27.8%) and NAFS 533 (72.2%). Mean age of AFS was significantly higher (p < 0.001). Heart failure, ischemic heart disease, dilatative cardiomyopaties and chronic renal insufficiency were more prevalent in the AFS. The clinical presentation with a lower (3-6) Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) score (p < 0.01) prevailed in AFS patients. The in-hospital therapy showed a greater use of antiplatelet agents in the NAFS (97.1% vs 63%, p < 0.001) and oral anticoagulants in AFS (11% vs 1.3%, p < 0,001). AFS patients showed much complications, higher degree of disability at discharge and mortality (47 AFS = 23% vs 67 NAFS = 12.8%, p < 0.001). Multivariate analysis confirms that AFS is more serious than NAFS owing to pathogenetic mechanisms: this results in a higher number of complications, a longer hospitalisation and a worse prognosis in terms of survival and disability. This dycothomy begins early as the symptoms start.
Twin Deformation Mechanisms in Nanocrystalline and Ultrafine-Grained Materials

The review of the theoretical models, which describes mechanisms of deformation twin- ning in nanocrystalline and ultrafine-grained materials, is presented. Realization of special mechanisms of nanoscale deformation twin generation at locally distorted grain bound- aries (GBs) in nanocrystalline and ultrafine-grained materials is observed. In particular, the micromechanisms of deformation twin formation occur through (1) the consequent emission of partial dislocations from GBs; (2) the cooperative emission of partial dislocations from GBs; and (3) the generation of multiplane nanoscale shear at GBs. The energy and stress characteristics of the deformation nanotwin generation at GBs in nanocrystalline and ultrafine-grained materials are calculated and analyzed. Competition between the twin generation mechanisms in nanocrystalline and ultrafine-grained materials is discussed.
Discriminating between food and space imitation in benthic suspension feeders using self-thinning relationships

Growth and survival have been shown to be density-dependent in many populations of benthic suspension feeders, but it is generally difficult to determine whether food or space is the limiting factor. The study of biomass-density relationships (B-N diagram) in self-thinning situations may provide an additional criterion for such a purpose. It is shown here that the slope of B-N diagrams may vary significantly depending on whether food or space is the Limiting factor When food is Limiting, it varies as a function of the exponent relating respiration to individual biomass. When space is limiting, the slope varies as a function of the length-weight relationship, roughness of the substrate at scales significant to the organisms, and the relationship between individual size and maximum population density. Testing the slopes of B-N relationships may, therefore, provide evidence concerning the nature of the limiting factor. Further, when food is the Limiting factor, the intercept of B-N diagrams is an index of site quality. An example of the use of the B-N diagram for purposes of managing bivalve aquaculture is provided for mussels cultivated on bouchots (intertidal stakes). It is shown that in this particular case, space and food probably alternated seasonally as limiting factors. In addition, under the hypothesis that the entire population is completely harvested on a single occasion, analysis of the B-N diagram provides an estimate of the optimal sowing density in order to minimize competition and avoid subsequent thinning operations. These results illustrate the utllity of managing cultivated populations in terms of biomass and density jointly.
The Role of Experiential Avoidance and Mindfulness in Predicting the Symptoms of Stress Disorder after Exposure to Trauma in Traumatized People Supported by Emdad Committee and Bonyade Shahid Organization of Gilan Gharb in the First Half of 2014

Background and Objective : Avoidance of thoughts related to traumatic events in traumatized people can play a role in incidence and persistence of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Given the importance of this issue, the current study was conducted in order to determine the role of experiential avoidance and mindfulness in predicting the symptoms of the PTSD in people exposed to trauma. Materials and Methods: In this descriptive study, 100 subjects were selected through the stratified random sampling from traumatized people who are supported by Emdad Committee and Bonyade Shahid organization located in Gilan Gharb city. Mississippi Scale for PTSD, Acceptance and Action Questionnaire and Mindfulness Questionnaire were used for gathering data. Coll ected data were analyzed by Pearson’s correlation coefficient test and multiple linear regression. Results: The correlation results showed that the symptoms of PTSD have positive relationship with experiential avoidance (r=0.768; p<0.001) and negative relationship with total score of mindfulness(r=-0.351; p<0.001) and components of observing (r=-0.328; p<0.001), mindful describing (r=-0.420; p<0.001), non-judgmental acceptance (r=-0.263; p=0.009). The results of linear regression analysis showed that 63% of variance of posttraumatic symptoms was positively explained by experiential avoidance and negatively by mindfulness (mindful describing). Conclusion: The results of the current study show that the avoidance of thoughts related to the traumatic events and low mindfulness can play a role in predicting the symptoms of PTSD in traumatized people.
Reliability of Microwave Photoconductivity Lifetime Measurements

The microwave reflection photoconductivity decay (MW-PCD) is a well known technique to measure lifetime in silicon wafers by the analysis of the decay of the reflected incident microwaves on the sample. However this decay can be affected by for instance surface properties, namely surface recombination. Besides HF, iodine in an ethanol solution has been used to achieve good passivation results. Here we show that iodine concentration and the time taken to measure the lifetime are aspects have to be considered to achieve reliable and reproductible results.
Evaluation of mast cell stabilizing activity of Camellia sinensis and Ocimum basilicum and correlation with their antioxidant property

Mastocytes are vital for human immunity. Mast cell degranulation leads to several immune/allergic reactions. A major factor responsible for mast cell disruption is oxidative stress. Hence antioxidants may play a significant role in mast cell stabilization. Antioxidant plants such as Camellia sinensis (Theaceae) and Ocimum basilicum (Lamiaceae) are used in allergic conditions in traditional medicine. However, a little is known about their mast cell stabilizing potential. The present study evaluated the mast cell stabilizing activity of two polyphenol rich plants viz. C. sinensis and O. basilicum and correlated this with their antioxidant capacity. Acetone and hydroalcoholic extracts of the two plants were prepared and standardized with respect to total phenolic and flavonoid content. Their antioxidant activity was evaluated using 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl free radical scavenging assay. Mast cell stabilization was assessed by the ability to inhibit histamine release in an in vitro model that employs compound 48/80 (a potent mast cell activator) to induce rat peritoneal mast cell degranulation. Acetone extract of C. sinensis showed significant free radical scavenging activity (IC50 value 8 μg/ml) and the potent inhibition (>80%) of histamine release at a concentration of 100 μg/ml. Significant positive linear correlation (correlation coefficients <1) for all extracts suggests that antioxidant activity contributes to mast cell stabilization. Management of oxidative stress may aid in preventing histamine release possibly by reducing mast cell degranulation. The strongly antioxidant acetone extract of C. sinensis may be a potential mast cell stabilizer.
A Study of the Effectiveness of Antibiotics on Postoperative Complications After the Removal of Third Molars.

While studies have been conducted to examine how to decrease the incidence of osteitis and secondary infections following the removal of third molars, these complications still remain the two most prominent complications after third molar extractions. The findings from this study, however, shed some light on issues that have not been widely supported by previous research. This study was designed to explore the effects of antibiotics on the incidence rates of osteitis and secondary infections, with the expectation that antibiotics would lower the incidence of both osteitis and infections. For this double-blinded, randomized study, data was collected on 254 patients, but the sample population was based on the number of teeth extracted (n=508). Four different interventions were used in this study: 1) placebo on tooth 17; 2) placebo on tooth 32; 3) antibiotic on tooth 17; and 4) antibiotic on tooth 32. Each patient received one of those four interventions in one extraction site, and the other extraction site was the control site. To analyze the effects of interventions on postoperative complications, I created two regression models in which various intrinsic and extrinsic factors were controlled for. The intrinsic variables included gender, age, level of tooth impaction, and tooth number. The extrinsic variables consisted of doctor, location, number of medications, birth control, allergy medications, and nutrition. While the results show that antibiotics significantly decrease the rates of osteitis compared to the placebo intervention and the control site, I find no evidence to support the benefits of antibiotics in preventing infection. Moreover, it is worthy of note that the results suggest that males have significantly higher rates of osteitis when controlling for the use of birth control among women. These findings differ from previous studies. They may suggest that antibiotics are not as useful as they were previously thought to be for combating infections, perhaps due to increased antibiotic resistance, and that there is a gender difference in favor of females, which counters prior studies and prevailing wisdom in the industry.