Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Quantum-like Generalization of Complex Word Embedding: A Lightweight Approach for Textual Classification

In this paper, we present an extension, and an evaluation, to existing Quantum like approaches of word embedding for IR tasks that (1) improves complex features detection of word use (e.g., syntax and semantics), (2) enhances how this method extends these aforementioned uses across linguistic contexts (i.e., to model lexical ambiguity) specifically Question Classification -, and (3) reduces computational resources needed for training and operating Quantum based neural networks, when confronted with existing models. This approach could also be latter applicable to significantly enhance the state-of the-art across Natural Language Processing (NLP) word-level tasks such as entity recognition, partof-speech tagging, or sentence-level ones such as textual relatedness and entailment, to name a few.
Bioenergetics of small pelagic fishes in upwelling systems: relationship between fish condition, coastal ecosystem dynamics and fisheries

Coastal upwelling ecosystems provide the bulk of the world's fishery yields, but the bio- chemical ecology of the species that make up these fisheries has, surprisingly, been ignored. Bio- chemical indicators can provide a mechanistic, ecosystem-based link between population and ecosystem dynamics. Here we investigated long-term, inter-annual changes in the proximate compo- sition and energetic condition of European sardine Sardina pilchardus and its relationship with oceanographic conditions in the Western Iberian Upwelling Ecosystem. Energy density (ED) ranged between 4.0 and 14.2 kJ g -1 , and the seasonal cycle largely determined temporal variability, explain- ing >80% of the observed variation. ED variations were also closely linked with water (total R 2 = 99.0% in whole body; total R 2 = 95.0% in muscle) and lipid dynamics (total R 2 = 99.6% in whole body; total R 2 = 92.5% in muscle). After adjusting for seasonality (rED) and restricting the temporal analy- sis to the end of the feeding period (August to October), spring/early-summer oceanographic condi- tions explained 67% of the late-summer energetic peak. Interestingly, the sardine rED peak in year (t) explained >54.4% of the variation in the annual catches of year (t + 1), indicating that adult ener- getic condition during spawning is partially translated into the fishery through parental effects in recruitment strength. Our results support earlier findings indicating that sardine population dynam- ics seem to be controlled by bottom-up effects, but the linkages between population dynamics and patterns in environmental variability via physiological condition seem to have previously been over- looked. We also provide empirical evidence that biochemical assessments during critical periods of the life-cycle of fish are essential in understanding the population dynamics of coastal upwelling ecosystems and in developing a more solid basis for stock management and conservation.
Effect of Biologics on the Outcomes of Inflammatory Bowel Disease: A Retrospective Study on a Large Pediatric Cohort

C l i n M e d International Library Citation: Malaty HM, Abraham B, Emil MS, Ferry GD, Garnett EA (2015) Effect of Biologics on the Outcomes of Inflammatory Bowel Disease: A Retrospective Study on a Large Pediatric Cohort. J Clin Gastroenterol Treat 1:003 Received: August 18, 2015: Accepted: September 09, 2015: Published: September 11, 2015 Copyright: © 2015 Malaty HM. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. Malaty et al. J Clin Gastroenterol Treat 2015, 1:1 ISSN: 2469-584X
Light–Matter interactions on the nanoscale

At the beginning of the 20th century, researchers began harnessing the capabilities of electricity and magnetism. Today we are standing in a similar position as we contemplate the emergence of light–matter interactions at the nanoscale and how it will continue its exponential growth over the coming years. This research field, also called nanophotonics or nano-optics, is a subject of rapidly increasing scientific importance: controlling light–matter interactions beyond the diffraction limit. In contrast to optics, which is the concept of light rays, including absorption, transmission and reflection, photonics is the concept of light science, including emission, detection, amplification and control of light. Photonics offers a wide range of applications in different areas ranging from sensing and imaging, to solar cells and optical communication [1]. It is no surprise that many consider photonics to be the technology revolution of the 21st century.
Displacement Measurement Using SAR Interferometry – An Application to the Lisbon Regional Outer Circular and Its Neighbourhood

Ground displacements are a key factor to assess the safety and serviceability of any structure. A cost-effective technology for regional displacement monitoring, considering both the structure and its neighbourhood, would enable anomaly identification at an early stage and prevention actions. The objective of this work is to evaluate the stability of a segment of the Lisbon regional outer circular (circular regional exterior de Lisboa CREL) through displacement measurements on the road and its surroundings using persistent scatterers interferometry (PSI). Synthetic aperture radar interferometry is a technology that uses satellite images acquired in the microwave band of the electromagnetic spectrum. PSI is one of the most used techniques, which allows measuring displacements at the Earth surface with millimetre accuracy. Man-made structures usually have stable reflective properties to microwaves, which turn them into good targets for displacement measurement through this technique. Therefore, it is possible to obtain a high density of measurements in urban areas. CREL is one of the most used roads to access Lisbon. The road has a length of 35 km and is fully operational since 1995. A displacement analysis using PSI was performed over an area of 50 km, centred at Caneças (Odivelas municipality), which contains 8 km of CREL. Displacement measurements were computed for 1340 points/km, every 11 days, between December 2011 and July 2013. Two areas close to CREL were identified presenting subsidence, with approximate areas of 0.6 km and 0.2 km. Superimposed on this trend, an oscillatory behaviour was also detected. In conclusion, PSI is a useful technique to monitor displacements in urban areas and allowed the identification of possible unstable regions close to CREL, which may cause settlements at the road and damages at buildings nearby.
Medical cannabis use in military and police veterans diagnosed with post-traumatic stress disorder ( PTSD )

Paul A Smith, MD, Stephanie Chan, BSc(C), Alexia Blake, MSc, Amiti Wolt, BA, Liying Zhang, PhD, Bo Angela Wan, MPhil, Pearl Zaki, BSc(C), Henry Lam, MLS, Carlo DeAngelis, PharmD, Marissa Slaven, MD, Erynn Shaw, MD, Vithusha Ganesh, BSc(C), Leila Malek, BSc(Hons), Edward Chow, MBBS, and Shannon O’Hearn, MSc Dr Paul Smith Professional Corporation, Fredericton, New Brunswick, Canada Odette Cancer Centre, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada MedReleaf, Markham, Ontario, Canada Juravinski Cancer Centre, Hamilton Health Sciences, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
Efficient Computation of SOM for Outage Database

This paper describes a utilization of the Self Organizing Map (SOM) method for the analysis of power outage data. SOM, to be already used in many fields, is based on the Kohonen self-organizing neural network and it is known to capture underlying concepts. We apply this method for a unified database of power outages to be collected for several years in the Czech Republic. The most significant attributes are selected from the database and records are used for the training of the SOM. We utilize our previously introduced application EDAS (Electrical Data Analysis using SOM) for the visualization, understanding, and analysis of the trained SOM. Because of performance issues in the previous introduced approaches, we implement our SOM on GPU environment and compare this method with previous solutions in this article.
Power load studies in JET and ASDEX-Upgrade with full-W divertors

For the design and operation of large fusion devices, a detailed understanding of the power exhaust processes is necessary. This paper will give an overview of the current research on divertor power load mechanisms. The results shown are obtained in JET with the ITER-like wall (ILW)and ASDEX-Upgrade with tungsten coated plasma-facing components (PFCs). The challenges of infrared thermography on an ITER-like bulk tungsten divertor are presented. For the steady-state heat load, the power fall-off length λq in JET-ILW is compared to an empirical scaling found in JET and the ASDEX-Upgrade with carbon PFCs. A first attempt to scale the divertor broadening S in the ASDEX-Upgrade with tungsten PFCs is shown. The edge localized mode (ELM) duration tELM in JET-C and JET-ILW is compared. For similar pedestal conditions (Te,ped and ne,ped), similar ELM durations are found in JET-C and JET-ILW. For higher ne,ped at the same pedestal pressure pe,ped, longer ELM durations are found in JET-ILW. The pedestal pressure pe,ped is found to be a good qualifier for the ELM energy fluency in both JET-C and JET-ILW. Improved diagnostic capabilities reveal ELM substructures on the divertor target occurring a few milliseconds before the ELM crash.
Study of CPM Device used for Rehabilitation and Effective Pain Management Following Knee Alloplasty

Abstract This paper defines the design assumptions for the construction of an original demonstration of a CPM device, based on which a solid virtual model will be created in a CAD software environment. The overall dimensions and other input parameters for the design were determined for the entire patient population according to an anatomical atlas of human measures. The medical and physiotherapeutic community were also consulted with respect to the proposed engineering solutions. The virtual model of the CPM device that will be created will be used for computer simulations of changes in motion parameters as a function of time, accounting for loads and static states. The results obtained from computer simulation will be used to confirm the correctness of the design adopted assumptions and of the accepted structure of the CPM mechanism, and potentially to introduce necessary corrections. They will also provide a basis for the development of a control strategy for the laboratory prototype and for the selection of the strategy of the patient's rehabilitation in the future. This paper will be supplemented with identification of directions of further research.
Nutrition as Medicine to Improve Outcomes in Adolescents Sustaining a Sports-related Concussion

Recognition and diagnosis of sports-related concussion (SRC) among adolescents has significantly increased. In, fact, among high school adolescents, SRC incidence has more than doubled from 2007 to 2014, with recent estimates at approximately 2 per 100 athletes. SRC-related research has also increased; recognition of symptoms that may prolong recovery have been examined, potential biomarkers have been scrutinized, return-to-learn and return-to-play protocols have been developed and honed. However, to date, clinicians and researchers have struggled to find effective interventions to mitigate the significant symptoms after SRC and shorten recovery times. Despite the understood role of the brain as the primary regulator of metabolism, and the well-established metabolic impairments evoked after a concussion, nutrition is often ignored as a core complement to the recovery and rehabilitation process. In this article, we will identify deficiencies and/or inadequacies in nutrients post-concussion and provide support for potential exacerbation of injury and delayed recovery due to inadequate intake of nutrients prior to sustaining an SRC. Additionally, we will discuss the effect of derangement of the metabolic cascade post-concussion, and identify key nutrients, that if supplemented immediately post-injury, could increase neuroprotection, and improve recovery outcomes. Animal and cell culture studies have provided substantial evidence for not only the interrelationship of nutrient adequacy and the adaptation in the metabolic cascade post-concussion on neuroprotection, but also key nutrients that if supplemented immediately post-injury could enhance standard of care with minimal risk.
Improved Estimates Show Large Circumpolar Stocks of Permafrost Carbon While Quantifying Substantial Uncertainty Ranges and Identifying Remaining Data Gaps

Soils and other unconsolidated deposits in the northern circumpolar permafrost region store large amounts of soil organic carbon (SOC). This SOC is potentially vulnerable to remobilization following soil warming and permafrost thaw, but stock estimates are poorly constrained and quantitative error estimates were lacking. This study presents revised estimates of the permafrost SOC pool, including quantitative uncertainty estimates, in the 0–3 m depth range in soils as well as for deeper sediments (>3 m) in deltaic deposits of major rivers and in the Yedoma region of Siberia and Alaska. The revised estimates are based on significantly larger databases compared to previous studies. Compared to previous studies, the number of individual sites/pedons has increased by a factor ×8–11 for soils in the 1–3 m depth range,, a factor ×8 for deltaic alluvium and a factor ×5 for Yedoma region deposits. Upscaled based on regional soil maps, estimated permafrost region SOC stocks are 217 ± 15 and 472 ± 34 Pg for the 0–0.3 m and 0–1 m soil depths, respectively (±95% confidence intervals). Depending on the regional subdivision used to upscale 1–3 m soils (following physiography or continents), estimated 0–3 m SOC storage is 1034 ± 183 Pg or 1104 ± 133 Pg. Of this, 34 ± 16 Pg C is stored in thin soils of the High Arctic. Based on generalised calculations, storage of SOC in deep deltaic alluvium (>3 m to ≤60 m depth) of major Arctic rivers is estimated to 91 ± 39 Pg (of which 69 ± 34 Pg is in permafrost). In the Yedoma region, estimated >3 m SOC stocks are 178 +140/−146 Pg, of which 74 +54/−57 Pg is stored in intact, frozen Yedoma (late Pleistocene ice- and organic-rich silty sediments) with the remainder in refrozen thermokarst deposits (±16/84th percentiles of bootstrapped estimates). A total estimated mean storage for the permafrost region of ca. 1300–1370 Pg with an uncertainty range of 930–1690 Pg encompasses the combined revised estimates. Of this, ≤819–836 Pg is perennially frozen. While some components of the revised SOC stocks are similar in magnitude to those previously reported for this region, there are also substantial differences in individual components. There is evidence of remaining regional data-gaps. Estimates remain particularly poorly constrained for soils in the High Arctic region and physiographic regions with thin sedimentary overburden (mountains, highlands and plateaus) as well as for >3 m depth deposits in deltas and the Yedoma region.
Mechanically induced two-qubit gates and maximally entangled states for single electron spins in a carbon nanotube

We theoretically analyze a system where two electrons are trapped separately in two quantum dots on a suspended carbon nanotube (CNT), subject to external ac electric driving. An indirect mechanically-induced coupling of two distant single electron spins is induced by the interaction between the spins and the mechanical motion of the CNT. We show that a two-qubit iSWAP gate and arbitrary single-qubit gates can be obtained from the intrinsic spin-orbit coupling. Combining the iSWAP gate and single-qubit gates, maximally entangled states of two spins can be generated in a single step by varying the frequency and the strength of the external electric driving field. The spin-phonon coupling can be turned off by electrostatically shifting the electron wave function on the nanotube.
Spatial variation in directional swimming enables juvenile sea turtles to reach and remain in productive waters

Ocean currents play an important role in the movement and distribution of organisms and for small animals it is often assumed that their movements in the ocean are determined by passive drift. Here we challenge this assumption by conducting an experiment at the scale of an entire ocean basin to test whether small (∼35 cm) juvenile loggerhead sea turtles Caretta caretta move independently of ocean currents. By comparing the trajectories of 46 satellite tracked turtles (11502 positions, 12850 tracking days) with Lagrangian drifters (3716303 positions, 927529 tracking days) and virtual particles tracked within the Hybrid Coordinate Ocean Model (HYCOM), we found that in certain areas turtles moved in a similar manner to ocean currents, but in other areas turtle movement was markedly different from ocean currents, with turtles moving to areas thousands of kilometres from where they would have drifted passively. We further found that turtles were distributed in more-productive areas than would be expected if their movement depended on passive transport only. These findings demonstrate that regional variation in directional swimming contributes to young sea turtles reaching more favourable developmental habitats and supports laboratory work suggesting that young turtles have a map sense to determine their location in a seemingly featureless ocean.
Towards an Open Book Architecture for Deep Learning Networks: Data Properties and Architectures - Evidence from Time Series Analytics

In the field of time series predictions there are effective and consistent inaccuracies which potentially cause wrong economic decisions. Neural networks are seen as a potential option to improve predictions and are already used in some cases. Nevertheless it is unclear so far for which kind of time series data the use of neural networks is the right choice but also what kind of neural networks are feasible for which data characteristics. The main goal of this researchin-progress paper is therefore to conduct a between different time series characteristics and network architectures by using a descriptive analysis based on an extensive literature review. This goal is a step towards developing design guidelines for (deep) neural networks in the context of time series analysis.
Evaluating volumetric glacier change methods using airborne laser scanning data

Abstract Assessments of geodetic volume change are widely used in glaciology and have a long tradition dating back to the nineteenth century. Over time, the geodetic method and corresponding data storage have been developed further, but the resulting methodological heterogeneity can lead to errors that are difficult to separate from other survey uncertainties. In this study we used high‐resolution airborne laser scanning data from the indelengletscher in the wiss lps to evaluate state‐of‐the‐art volumetric glacier change methods. For the first time we have been able to simulate errors arising from different geodetic methods and spatial resolutions. The evaluation showed that, although the digital elevation models were perfectly co‐registered, systematic and random method‐ and scale‐dependent errors still occurred. These errors have an impact on the resulting volume changes at lower spatial resolutions and may lead to exponentially larger uncertainties. Volume changes from contour methods provided reasonably accurate results, while volumetric change assessments from central profile lines were especially prone to biases at any scale.
System Dynamics Implementation of an Extended Brander and Taylor-like Easter Island Model

We provide a system dynamics implementation of a dynamic ecological economics model. Dynamic economic models are often constrained to use functions, such as the Cobb-Douglas function, chosen “conveniently” to allow for analytic solutions. The C-D function, however, suffers from its fixed elasticity that does not allow for the substitutability between man-made capital and natural capital to change, which is vital for economic sustainability. Using system dynamics removes this constraint and enables more realistic ecological economics models containing functions not amenable to analytic solution. The base model is the natural resource and population growth model developed by Brander and Taylor (1998) that employs a Lotka-Volterra type structure and strictly follows economic theory in all aspects of its formulation. To make the model more realistic and to enable the consideration of critical environmental issues, we discuss and employ model extensions inspired by modern economics theory. One extension is to use a CES production function with a dynamic substitutability parameter that enables the
The Couple Relationship Across The Transition To Parenthood

Our research was aimed at studying the dynamics of marriage satisfaction in a spousal relationship before and after the child’s birth. The research had two stages: 1 stage – married couples were recruited during 2nd and 3rd trimester of pregnancy; 2 stage: the same couples were studied at 6-9 months after their child’s birth. Our sample consisted of 220 people (110 couples, officially married or living in a common-law marriage). The study had been conducted in Saint-Petersburg, Russia (80 people, 40 couples) and in Cherepovetz, Russia (140 people, 70 couples). To study the marital relationships on both stages we used Marriage Satisfaction Questionnaire by Stolin, Romanova, Butenko – for the Cherepovetz sample, and Marriage Satisfaction Questionnaire by Alieshina, Gozman, Dubovskaya – for the Saint-Petersburg sample; for both samples we also used projective drawing “My family”. The research has shown that the dynamics of marital relations across the transition to parenthood depends on gender and territorial factors: marital satisfaction deteriorate in women, and for men, marital satisfaction is reduced only in metropolitan residents. The level of marriage satisfaction and viewing family relationships as conflictual before the child’s birth is the predictor of the level of marriage satisfaction and viewing relationships as conflictual in both groups of men and women from metropolis, but not for women from a smaller city. Initial level of marital relations affects its decline across the transition to parenthood/ © 2019 Published by Future Academy www.FutureAcademy. org.UK
Blockchain ready manufacturing supply chain using distributed ledger

The blockchain technology as a foundation for distributed ledgers offers an innovative platform for a new decentralized and transparent transaction mechanism in industries and businesses. The inherited characteristics of this technology enhance trust through transparency and traceability within any transaction of data, goods, and financial resources. Despite initial doubts about this technology, recently governments and large corporations have investigated to adopt and improve this technology in various domains of applications, from finance, social and legal industries to design, manufacturing and supply chain networks. In this article, the authors review the current status of this technology and some of its applications. The potential benefit of such technology in manufacturing supply chain is then discussed in this article and a vision for the future blockchain ready manufacturing supply chain is proposed. Manufacturing of cardboard boxes are used as an example to demonstrate how such technology can be used in a global supply chain network. Finally, the requirements and challenges to adopt this technology in the future manufacturing systems are discussed.