Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A transcriptional approach to define new biomarkers : application to q fever

Macrophages are functionally polarized into inflammatory and microbicidal (M1) and immunoregulatory (M2) cells. If circulating monocytes may be polarized is not known. We determined the transcriptional signatures of human monocytes stimulated with IFN-γ and IL-4, known to induce the polarization of macrophages into M1 and M2 cells, respectively, using microarrays and real-time RT-PCR. We found that monocytes exhibited an early pattern of activation specific to IFN-γ or IL-4 and a late pattern of activation common to both agonists. The selected biomarkers of early and late responses were tested in patients with Q fever. We showed that the kinetic model of monocyte activation enables a dynamic approach for the evaluation of patients with acute Q fever or Q fever endocarditis. On the other hand, it is known that the prevalence of Q fever is related to sex and is higher in men than in women. Based on previous studies on an experimental model of infection by Coxiella burnetii, the agent of Q fever, we hypothesized that circadian genes are differently modulated in men and women with Q fever. We showed that the expression of the Per2 gene was significantly increased in males with acute Q fever compared with healthy volunteers but did not differ in females with Q fever and healthy females. These results suggest that that the modulation of circadian genes is associated with a human infectious disease. We also found that the expression of LNX1 and LNX2 genes that encode two enzymes involved in protein degradation is increased in Q fever endocarditis but not in acute Q fever.
Cloning of an Epidermis‐specific Cynops cDNA from Neurula Library

A cDNA encoding one of the epidermis‐specific proteins designated as the spot 6 was isolated from the Cynops embryo. Cynops neurula cDNA library was constructed with the plasmid vector containing the promoter sequence for SP6 RNA polymerase. After transcription and translation in vitro the final protein products were screened for the presence of spot 6 by two‐dimensional gel electrophoresis. The total library was digested by 11 restriction endonucleases selected not to destroy the sequence in both the vector and the insert encoding spot 6 protein. The ATP‐dependent DNase digestion eliminated the cDNA population sensitive to these endonucleases. These steps effectively enriched the sequence for spot 6 protein. The resultant sublibrary was repeatedly divided into smaller pools and was screened. The tryptic peptide analysis showed that the isolated clone produced the protein identical to the spot 6 protein originally defined in vivo. Northern analyses showed that the cloned gene was expressed as expected from the developmental behavior of the spot 6 in vivo.
Screening of Natural Deep Eutectic Solvents for Green Synthesis of 2-methyl-3-substituted Quinazolinones and Microwave-Assisted Synthesis of 3-aryl Quinazolinones in Ethanol

In this study, two fast and efficient protocols for green synthesis of 3-substituted quinazolinones were perfomed. A synthesis of 2-methyl-3-substituted quinazolinones was performed in natural deep eutectic solvents, while 3-aryl quinazolinones were obtained by using microwave assisted synthesis. Benzoxazinone, which was used as an intermediate in the synthesis of 2-methyl-3-substituted quinazolinones, was prepared conventionally from anthranilic acid and acetic anhydride. In order to find the most appropriate synthetic path, twenty natural deep eutectic solvents were applied as a solvent in these syntheses. Choline chloride:urea (1 : 2) was found to be the most efficient solvent and was further used in the synthesis of 2-methyl quinazolinone derivatives (2–12). 3-Aryl quinazolinones (13–17), on the other hand, were synthesized in one-pot microwave-assisted reaction of anthranilic acid, different amines and trimethyl orthoformate. All compounds were synthesized in good to excellent yields, characterized by LC-MS/MS spectrometry and 1H- and 13C-NMR spectroscopy.
The immunomodulatory effect of propolis: a review.

Summary Propolis has attracted the interest of the researchers’ in the last decades because of several biological and pharmacological properties, such as immunomodulatory, antitumoral, antimicrobial, antiinflammatory, antioxidant, among others (3). Propolis1containing products have been intensely marketed by the pharmaceutical industry and health1food stores (4). Propolis, sometimes called “nature’s penicillin”, is a complex mixture of mostly pollen and waxes that bees collect from plants and then use to sterilize, cement, and varnish the hives. Propolis also protects the colony from diseases because of its antiseptic efficacy and antimicrobial properties (19). It is rich in amino acids, trace minerals, flavonoids, and vitamin K. Although in preclinical studies propolis has been confirmed to be effective as antibacterial, antifungal, and anti1inflammatory, clinical studies are needed to confirm these roles and determine the therapeutic dosages and conditions for which it is best suited (8). There seem to be promising uses for propolis as an alternative antibiotic and anti1 inflammatory drug, especially due to lack of side effects encountered in other categories of medication.
The protein composition of endogenous losses in the human gut : a thesis presented in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Human Nutrition at Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand

During the digestion of food there is a significant amount of endogenous proteinaceous material secreted into the gut. A dynamic equilibrium exists in the gastrointestinal tract (GIT) between dietary protein intake and the secretion of endogenous proteinaceous material into the lumen with the concomitant absorption from the gut of digested materials, both exogenous and endogenous in origin. There have been no systematic studies of the protein composition (i.e. sources of protein) of ileal digesta in humans. The objectives of this study were to quantify the endogenous protein components of ileal digesta collected from the terminal ileum of both humans and pigs (the growing pig was used as an animal model for the adult human). Preliminary work was undertaken to ascertain the best methods for quantifying mucin and bacterial protein in digesta from the terminal ileum. Preferred methods for the determination of mucin utilised the markers N-acetylglucosamine and Nacetylgalactosamine, and diaminopimelic acid as a marker for bacterial protein. Of the total nitrogen lost at the terminal ileum of pigs fed a casein-based diet nearly 73% was proteinaceous; nearly 45% originated from bacteria, 13% from soluble free protein and 11% from mucin. Of the non-protein nitrogen 11% was ammonia and 5% urea. Only 8.3% of the total nitrogen remained unidentified. Mucin was the single most abundant truly endogenous component (13% of total dry matter). In humans fed the same casein-based diet 86% of total nitrogen at the terminal ileum was proteinaceous; nearly 60% originated from bacterial protein, 15% from mucin and 6% from soluble free protein. Of the non-protein nitrogen 5% was ammonia and 4% urea. Only 4% of the total nitrogen remained unidentified. Once again mucin was the single most abundant truly endogenous component (13% of total dry matter). In a final study the ileal endogenous protein components were determined in human subjects given three isonitrogenous diets, which differed only in the form that nitrogen was supplied. In comparison with a synthetic amino acid based-diet casein and enzyme hydrolysed casein increased endogenous nitrogen losses, including both the concentration and flow of mucin in the terminal ileal digesta. The form of dietary protein did not affect the proportion of bacterial protein in the ileal effluent.
Estudio biofísico del mecanismo de acción del receptor de glucocorticoides

Fil: Stortz, Martin Dario. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Cientificas y Tecnicas. Oficina de Coordinacion Administrativa Ciudad Universitaria. Instituto de Fisiologia, Biologia Molecular y Neurociencias. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales. Instituto de Fisiologia, Biologia Molecular y Neurociencias; Argentina
Changes in fatty acid composition and conjugated linoleic acid contents of sour dairy products caused by pure cultures.

Abstract. In this research we have investigated the eﬀect of vari-ous pure cultures (Lactobacillus lactis subsp. lactis, Lactobacillus lactissubsp. cremoris, Streptococcus salivarius subsp. thermophilus, Lactobacil-lus delbrueckii subsp. bulgaricus, Lactobacillus lactis subsp. lactis biovar,Lactobacillusdiacetilactis, Lactobacillusacidophilus, Biﬁdobacteriumlac-tis) on fatty acid composition of soured dairy products (Sana, yoghurt)manufactured using diﬀerent technologies, with special regard to conju-gated linoleic acid (CLA). It was established that the cultures we usedand which are also commonly used in the dairy industry, had only a slighteﬀect on fatty acid composition of milk. Although minimal diﬀerenceswere found in case of the individual fatty acids, however, due to the smalldiﬀerences it can be established that the cultures have no inﬂuence onnutritional value of milk fat. Key words and phrases: fatty acid composition, conjugated linoleic acid, dairy products,pure bacteria cultures, diﬀerent technologies
Selección de vías de procesos para el diseño de biorrefinerías de limón

Resumen. La industrialización del limón en la Argentina deja un residuo biomásico que posee un gran potencial productivo debido a su alto contenido de azúcares y otros compuestos alimenticios. En este trabajo se han obtenido, mediante estrategias de simulación, rendimientos y costos de producción de un conjunto de tecnologías capaces de aprovechar este recurso y obtener productos estratégicos para la economía local. Luego, utilizando un modelo de programación lineal, se han seleccionado aquellas más prometedoras desde el punto de vista económico para el desarrollo de una biorrefinería de limón.
Comparative Study of the Attack Magnesium Sulphate on Different Types of Portland Cement

Sulphate attack is one of the major threats to the durability of cementitious materials [1]. It comprises a series of chemical reactions between the sulfate ions and the hardened cement paste, culminating in the formation of secondary ettringite, causing the increase in the volume inside the concrete, the formation of micro-cracks and the erosion of the concrete surface [2,3]. The most common sulfates involved in the deterioration of concrete structures are calcium sulfate (CaSO4), sodium sulfate (Na2SO4) and magnesium sulfate (MgSO4) [4].
Genome wide analysis of dna repair by expression profiling

Xeroderma pigmentosum (XP) and Cockayne syndrome (CS) are syndromes characterised by defects iqf nucleotide excision repair (NER), they can be distinguished by contrasting clinical manifestations. Although the genes responsible for XP and CShave been identified, the precise molecular roles of the normal proteins remains poorly understood. In the present study, primary dermal fibroblasts derived from patients assigned to XP complementation group C (XP-C XP8CA) and CS type A (CS-A CS3BE) were characterised. Patient XP8CA was homozygous for a 2 bp TG deletion in the XPC gene at codon 547 resulting in a premature termination at position 572, while patient CS3BE was a compound heterozygote for a 37G>T (E13X) and a novel 479C>T (A 160V) mutation in CKNl, the jene that encodes the CSA protein. Permanent XP-C and CS-A cell lines were established by transducing primary XP8CA and CS3BE fibroblasts with a retroviral vector, expressing the catalytic subunit of telomerase, hTERT. The reconstitition of telomerase activity resulted in: (1) the preservation of the primary NER capabilities (2) an extension of proliferative lifespan (3) maintenance of the p53/p21WAF/CIPI and pRb/pl6INK4A tumour suppressor pathways. Using microarrays, the UV-induced global transcriptional response of telomerised XP-C ajd CS-A fibroblasts was characterised. The data indicate that UV-irradiation resulted in the differential regulation of a diverse range of cellular responses such as transcription, cell cycle arrest, DNA repair and apoptosis. Additionally, cell type-specific signatures were observed in telomerised XP-C and CS-A fibroblasts. The utility of RNAi was also demonstrated by transiently ablating XPC of CSA function in telomerised repair competent (MRC-5) fibroblasts, and a stable, permanent mutant was constructed by retrovirally transducing the telomerised CS-A cell line with an PC-specific shRNA construct. Thus, permanent and stable telomerase-immortalised XP-C and CS-A cell lines have been established and partially characterised at both the genetic and molecular level, so providing in vitro models for investigating NER.
The effectiveness of Eucalyptus barrier in containing the edge effect on a subtropical forest fragment in the state of São Paulo, Brazil.

Edge effects resulting from isolation and subsequent microclimatic changes are one of the most important threats to the forest fragments conservation. The efficiency of maintaining a barrier formed by three rows of Eucalyptus along the edge of a subtropical seasonal semi deciduous forest fragment, surrounded by Eucalyptus monoculture, was evaluated as a way of softening the microclimatic changes (light intensity, temperature and relative humidity) and the impacts of eucalypt mechanized harvesting on the native vegetation along the contact zone between the forest fragment and the plantation. The Eucalyptus barrier was effective in softening the microclimate. Light intensity was 35% lower in the presence of the barrier. The barrier also provided a reduction of 1°C in air temperature and increased in 3.4% in relative humidity throughout the year. The barrier was also effective in preventing the impact on native vegetation, avoiding damage to adult trees and preserving the regenerating forest stratum near the border, which was reduced to less than 20% in density and 50% in richness, with no such barrier. The barrier of Eucalyptus may, therefore, be recommended as an effective method to minimize the impacts of mechanized forest harvesting operations and mitigate the microclimatic conditions along the edge of forest fragments.
Nutrient dynamics and uptake of rice in irrigated lowland soils of Agusan del Norte subjected to episodic flooding.

The dynamics of N, P, K, Ca and Mg in irrigated lowland soils subjected to episodic flooding and uptake of these nutrients at different growth stages were evaluated in Agusan del Norte, Philippines to address the recurring and persistent problems of nutrient deficiencies resulting in poor crop growth and subsequently low yield. The study was conducted at PhilRice – Agusan Experiment Station for two cropping seasons from June 2017 to March 2018. Five fertilizer treatments were laid out in randomized complete block design and crops were managed following the PalayCheck® system. Nutrients such as N, P, K, Ca and Mg both in soil and plant tissue were collected at various growth stages and analyzed in the laboratory. Unlike N and P, K is the most dynamic in the soil when subjected to flooding. The medium to high level of exchangeable K inherent in the soil can drop to a critical level during flooding but could rise to optimum level after the flooding episodes. Soil total N and available P are high and less affected by flooding incidents. The exchangeable Ca and Mg are very high and resulted in a very wide (Ca + Mg):K ratio of 176:1 and Mg:K ratio of 86:1. The wide exchangeable Mg:K ratio and very low exchangeable Ca:Mg ratio in the soil significantly reduced Mg content at all growth stages, far below the critical limit for rice. Discovering K – induced Mg deficiency in irrigated lowland rice in Agusan del Norte is the breakthrough of this study. Thus, further study on soil K and Mg interactions and their management should be prioritized.
A1 Adenosine Receptor Signaling and Therapeutic Target in Diabetes

ABSTRACT Diabetes is one of the risk factors to human health which progressively leads to cardiovascular complications such as ischemic heart disease, renal nephropathy, hypertension, endothelial dysfunction, and atherosclerosis. The biochemical and morphological abnormalities in various animal models has been reported in the literatures. These changes may be attributed to altered action of adenosine receptors and these receptors are named as A1, A2A, A2B and A3, mediate their effector functions through a G-protein signalling. Among these A1AR, couples to adenylate cyclase through Gi-protein and leads to vasoconstriction and fatty acid metabolism. Endothelial dysfunction has been known to be one of the factors being responsible for pathogenesis of vascular disease in diabetes. This review will give a general overview of the adenosine receptor and focuses on the role of A1AR in diabetes. The insight into the signaling pathway through A1AR could be helpful in developing a novel therapeutic tool to regulate the pathophysiological conditions that arises progressively in diabetes.
Natalizumab: Neuer Standard der Therapieeffektivität?

Natalizumab: A New Standard in Therapeutic Efficacy? For the evolution of multiple sclerosis, inflammatory cells have to pass the blood-brain barrier in order to enter the central nervous system. Interactions between adhesion molecules such as the lymphocyte-expressed very late antigen 4 (VLA-4) and the vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1) on en-
Field Studies of the Brown Alga Pelvetia siliquosa with Implications for Taxonomy and Distribution

Field observation of Pelvetia siliquosa plants were given at monthly intervals on the western coast of Korea with implications for taxonomy and distribution. Plant length and wet weight were closely related to the occurrence of receptacles, all of which had a peak in August. The fusiform receptacles known as a digscrimental character of the species were found at a low frequency throughout the year. The other morphometric features showed a wide range of variation even within a single population.
In vitro rumen fermentation kinetics of some co-products generated in the biodiesel production chain by gas production technique.

Fermentation kinetics rates of co-products generated in the supply chain of biodiesel were evaluated by in vitro gas production technique. Crambe meal, cottonseed meal, crambe cake, soybean cake and sunflower cake were evaluated. The soybean cake had higher rates of degradation of non-fiber carbohydrates (NFC), compared to other foods, resulting in higher volume of gas. Cottonseed meal and crambe meal had degradation rates of NFC and gas production similar. Although the crambe cake did not differ from crambe meal on gas production in the degradation of NFC, there were differences in the rate of degradation, being the highest value found for the cake. The biggest lag time was required for soybean cake and the lowest for the sunflower cake. The highest rates of degradation of fibrous carbohydrates (FC) were observed in soybean cake and crambe cake, and lowest in sunflower cake. The highest gas production coming from the degradation of FC was obtained for the crambe meal. The soybean cake and crambe cake were the co-products with a better profile on rumen fermentation kinetics in relation to the degradation of non-fiber carbohydrates and fibrous carbohydrates.
Aula invertida en enseñanzas sanitarias: recomendaciones para su puesta en práctica

espanolEl aula invertida es un modelo de ensenanza-aprendizaje en el que los alumnos tienen el primer contacto con la informacion a ser aprendida fuera de clase, mediante documentos (textos y videos) que el docente les hace llegar por medios electronicos. El tiempo de clase asi ahorrado se dedica a actividades de aula que consolidan la asimilacion de ese conocimiento y lo aplican a la resolucion de cuestiones, casos y problemas. Este modelo de aprendizaje reduce el tiempo de instruccion directa en clase y aumenta el dedicado al aprendizaje activo. Se transfi ere al alumno la responsabilidad de esforzarse inicialmente para alcanzar un nivel de comprension basico y comunicar sus difi cultades y dudas al docente. Asi, el docente recibe informacion sobre cuales son las difi cultades y necesidades de sus alumnos y podra adaptar las activida-des que realizara en el aula para resolver las dudas manifestadas por ellos. Denominamos a esta metodologia ‘aula inver-tida adaptativa’. El aula invertida logra un mayor grado de implicacion de los alumnos con su aprendizaje, mejoras en la valoracion de su percepcion sobre la docencia recibida y, sobre todo, mejoras en sus resultados academicos. En este ar-ticulo tambien se sopesan los benefi cios y los costes del cambio desde la metodologia expositiva tradicional al aula inver-tida adaptativa y, fi nalmente, se aportan recomendaciones para la puesta en practica del aula invertida en el contexto de una ensenanza tradicional de las ciencias sanitarias. EnglishFlipped classroom means that students have the fi rst exposure to new information to be learned outside the classroom by mean of electronic documents (texts and videos). Next, class time is devoted to class activities which reinforce the assimilation of that knowledge by applying it to answer questions and solving cases and problems. This learning model reduces the class time devoted to direct instruction and increases the time used in active learning. It transfers to the student the responsibility of initially striving to reach a basic understanding and communicate their diffi culties and doubts to the teacher. Thus, the teacher receives information about the diffi culties and needs of their students and can adapt the activities they will carry out in the classroom to solve the doubts expressed by their students. We named this teaching methodology as adaptive fl ipped classroom. The fl ipped classroom achieves a greater degree of involvement of students with their learning, improvements in academic results and in their assessment of the teaching received. In this report, the benefi ts and costs of the change are weighed from the traditional expositive methodology to the adaptive fl ipped classroom and, fi nally, recommendations are given for the implementation of the fl ipped classroom in the context of a traditional teaching of health sciences.
Reproductive biology and phylogeny of Cetacea : whales, dolphins, and porpoises

Preface to the Series-Barrie G. M. Jamieson Preface to this Volume-Debra L. Miller 1. Cetacea: An Historical Overview Giovanni Bianucci and Walter Landini 2. Fossil History Giovanni Bianucci and Walter Landini 3. Classification and Molecular Phylogeny Claudine Montgelard, Emmanuel J. P. Douzery and Jacques Michaux 4. Functional Anatomy of the Cetacean Reproductive System, with Comparisons to the Domestic Dog Sentiel A. Rommel, D. Ann Pabst and William A. McLellan 5. Anatomy with Particular Reference to the Female Stephanie Ploen and Ric Bernard 6. Endocrinology of Reproduction Shannon Atkinson and Motoi Yoshioka 7. Ovary, Oogenesis, and Ovarian Cycle Yutaka Fukui 8. Testis, Spermatogenesis, and Testicular Cycles Stephanie Ploen and Ric Bernard 9. The Mature Cetacean Spermatozoon Debra L. Miller, Eloise L. Styer, Shoichi Kita and Maya Menchaca 10. Fertilization Yutaka Fukui 11. Embryogenesis and Development in Stenella attenuata and Other Cetaceans J. G. M. Thewissen and John Heyning 12. Placental Structure and Comments on Gestational Ultrasonographic Examination Debra L. Miller, Eloise L. Styer and Maya Menchaca 13. Courtship and Mating Behavior Catherine M. Schaeff 14. Reproduction in Relation to Conservation and Commercial Exploitation Aleta A. Hohn, Ruth Y. Ewing and Julia Zaias 15. Population Genetics of Marine Mammals Greg O'Corry-Crowe Index