Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Omega-3 fatty acids: new studies, new data, new questions.

DOI:10.1097/MCO.0000000000000726 Twenty years ago, we predicted that the new millennium would bring ‘more complexity but a better understanding’ around the role of fats and fatty acids in human health and disease [1]. Certainly, the metabolism, mechanisms of action at the molecular and cellular levels and physiologic actions of many fatty acids are now much better described, with a number of important discoveries being made [2]. In this sense, there is more complexity (e.g. multiple interacting mechanisms) but there is better understanding. Nevertheless, the full translation of this understanding into the public health and clinical arenas has not been achieved, largely because of inconsistencies arising from human trials. The bioactive n-3 fatty acids eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) continue to attract significant attention. There is a long history of research in these fatty acids and their multiple actions [3,4]. There is strong and consistent evidence from large cohort studies that they play a role in reducing risk of incidence of, and mortality from, the main noncommunicable diseases [5–7]. There was also early evidence of reduced risk of mortality from cardiovascular disease (CVD) in at-risk groups (reviewed in [8]), and evidence that they improve outcomes in hospitalized patients receiving artificial nutrition support [9,10]. Major advances in understanding the actions of EPA and DHA have been made. A plasma membrane G-protein coupled receptor (GPR) called GPR120 [also called free fatty acid receptor 4 (FFA4)], which is able to bind long-chain fatty acids, is highly expressed on taste bud cells, enteroendocrine K cells of the upper small intestine, adipocytes and inflammatory macrophages. As such, it plays a role in fat ‘taste’, and in the regulation of fat digestion, intestinal hormone secretion, insulin sensitivity and inflammation. Oh et al. [11] demonstrated that FFA4 is involved in anti-inflammatory signalling. EPA and DHA promoted FFA4mediated gene activation in cultured macrophages, and the anti-inflammatory effects of DHA did not occur in macrophages not expressing FFA4. Thus, EPA and DHA might act on inflammatory cells via FFA4 to reduce inflammatory responses. Oh et al.
Oxygen radical absorbance capacity of selected food products

Background. Recent epidemiological evidence on the growing role of food antioxidants in oxidative stress related diseases has led to a wide number of antioxidant potential evaluation assays. Main antioxidants in food are e.g. polyphenols of plant origin. Antioxidants consumption would be very promising future trend for human health and important factor in body defense system activity against reactive oxygen species (ROS), therefore in diseases prophylaxis. The aim of the present research was to evaluate the antiradical activity as ORACFL value of selected food and drinks. Material and methods. In the present study, twenty four products were analysed for oxygen radical absorbance capacity evaluated according to the ORACFL peroxyl radical scavenging method. Results. Highest ORACFL values were evaluated in strawberry, dried plum and cranberry fruits, carrot and red cabbage as vegetables, orange and pomegranate juices and red tea among drinks group. Results showed signifi cant differences between samples in selected product groups. Conclusions. Research indicates that selected food products can be important peroxyl radical scavengers, and that is why information on food label, concerning the issue, would be useful for modern consumers.
Surface specific heats of metal nanocrystals at low temperatures

Please note that technical editing may introduce minor changes to the text and/or graphics, which may alter content. The journal’s standard Terms & Conditions and the Ethical guidelines still apply. In no event shall the Royal Society of Chemistry be held responsible for any errors or omissions in this Accepted Manuscript or any consequences arising from the use of any information it contains. Accepted Manuscript Nanoscale
On kinship structure, female autonomy, and demographic behavior in India.

The main states of India are broadly grouped into 2 demographic regimes. In contrast to states in the north southern states are characterized by lower marital fertility later age at marriage lower infant and child mortality and comparatively low ratios of female to male infant and child mortality. The division between the 2 regimes broadly coincides with the division areas of northern kinship/low female autonomy and southern kinship/high female autonomy. The analysis suggests that family social status is probably the most important element in comprehending Indias demographic situation. Women in the south tend to be more active in the labor force are more likely to take innovative action in adopting fertility control and are more apt to utilize health services for themselves and their children. Changes in India are also compared to those other South Asian countries. (authors modified) (summaries in ENG FRE SPA)
THE " SCHEMA " CONCEPT : BARTLETT TILL NOW

In 1932, F. C. Bartlett first used the concept of "schema" borrowing it from Head, to suggest a unitary structure whose elements interacted in a complex way. This structure, which aimed to insure the continuity of the cognizing organism, was at the same time the expression of the functional principle responsible for Ow mutual interdependence among an organism, a human being, and the environment. Current research on cognitive processes frequently refers to the concept of "schema", but interprets it as a formal structure that can be defined by its content and reduced to its several elements. The "schema" concept, as held by Bartlett, underwent a radical change as a result of R. C. Oldfield's transposition of the original definition into the human information processing conceptual frame. U. Neisser and R. A. Schmidt interpreted the concept of "schema" so that it acquired a rule-like character as well as an anticipatory function. Only within the ecolgically oriented interpretation of the cognitive processes does a true reappraisal of the meaning of "schema" as originally forwarded by Bartlett surface. The theoretical flavor of Bartlett's research exists in the ecological approach to the study of cognition. (TJH) *********************************************************************** Reproductions supplied by EDRS are the best that can be made from the original document. ***********************************************************************
Review: Reducing residual soil nitrogen losses from agroecosystems for surface water protection in Quebec and Ontario, Canada: Best management practices, policies and perspectives

Rasouli, S. , Whalen, J. K. and Madramootoo, C. A. 2014. Review: Reducing residual soil nitrogen losses from agroecosystems for surface water protection in Quebec and Ontario, Canada: Best management practices, policies and perspectives. Can. J. Soil Sci. 94: 109-127. Eutrophication and cyanobacteria blooms, a growing problem in many of Quebec and Ontario's lakes and rivers, are largely attributed to the phosphorus (P) and nitrogen (N) emanating from intensively cropped agricultural fields. In fact, 49% of N loading in surface waters comes from runoff and leaching from fertilized soils and livestock operations. The residual soil nitrogen (RSN), which remains in soil at the end of the growing season, contains soluble and particulate forms of N that are prone to being transported from agricultural fields to waterways. Policies and best management practices (BMPs) to regulate manure storage and restrict fertilizer and manure spreading can help in reducing N losses from agroecosystems. However, reduction of RSN also requires an understanding of the complex interactions between climate, soil type, topography, hydrology and cropping systems. Reducing N losses from agroecosystems can be achieved through careful accounting for all N inputs (e.g., N credits for legumes and manure inputs) in nutrient management plans, including those applied in previous years, as well as the strategic implementation of multiple BMPs and calibrated soil N testing for crops with high N requirements. We conclude that increasing farmer awareness and motivation to implement BMPs will be important in reducing RSN. Programs to promote communication between farmers and researchers, crop advisors and provincial ministries of agriculture and the environment are recommended.
The A W Phillips memorial lecture to the New Zealand Association of Economists: Monetary Policy – should it move onto a price level target?

We examine whether inflation targeting should be regarded as optimal. Targeting inflation implies (undesirably) that price level variance tends to infinity: we produce some evidence from both a representative agent model and a long-used forecasting model that, once an endogenous indexation response is allowed for, price level targeting imposes no extra costs of macro variability, indeed gives significant gains.
Smartphone activated door lock using wifi

Smartphone have variety of uses and becomes one of the devices that can help to monitor in any aspects. Since less awareness concern on door locking system, the device proposed in this project will help to solve the problem. For this project, smartphone will activate the door lock using Wireless Fidelity (WiFi). By using Android software, the smartphone can activate the door lock automatically and unlock the door within a specific range. Data transmission will be done using WiFi technology. So, the user does not have to worry whether the door is lock or not because user can control it by using their smartphone within a specific range. The user also does not have to worry about the losing of the door key. The project that will build consists of hardware and software development. After doing some research, the result expectation for this project is the user can control the operation of a door lock automatically and unlock the door within a specific range of WiFi using a smartphone. Besides that, the door locking system must be function efficiently. Experiment setup was done in order to test the performance of the designed system. Results from analysis shows that when inside home, the connection between smartphone and WiFi was lost after 40m while outside home, the connection between smartphone and WiFi was lost after 150m. This proof that both situations, as the distance is increasing, the delays are increased as well.
Thin oceanic crust and flood basalts: India‐Seychelles breakup

Recent seismic experiments showed that separation of India from the Seychelles occurred in two phases of rifting. The first brief phase of rifting between India and the Laxmi Ridge formed the Gop Rift, which is characterized by thick oceanic crust and underplating of the adjacent continental margins. The age of the Gop Rift is uncertain, initiation of seafloor spreading being some time between 71 and 66 Ma. This was then followed by rifting and seafloor spreading between the Laxmi Ridge and the Seychelles, the onset of which is well dated by magnetic anomalies at 63.4 Ma and characterized by thin oceanic crust. Both of these rift events occurred within 1000 km of the center of the Deccan flood basalts, which formed at 65 ± 1 Ma. To constrain the age of the Gop Rift and to explore the reasons for the change in crustal structure between the Gop Rift and Seychelles‐Laxmi Ridge margins, we employ a geodynamic model of rift evolution in which melt volumes, seismic velocity, and rare earth element (REE) chemistry of the melt are estimated. We explore the consequences of different thermal structures, hydration, and depletion on the melt production during the India‐Seychelles breakup to understand the reasons behind the thin oceanic crust observed. Magmatism at the Gop Rift is consistent with a model in which the seafloor spreading began at 71 Ma, ca. 6 Myr prior to the Deccan. The opening occurred above a hot mantle layer (temperature of 200°C, thickness of 50 km) that we interpret as incubated Deccan material, which had spread laterally beneath the lithosphere. This scenario is consistent with observed lower crustal seismic velocities of 7.4 km s−1 and 12 km igneous crustal thickness. The model indicates that when the seafloor spreading migrated to the Seychelles‐Laxmi Ridge at 63 Ma, the thermal anomaly was reduced significantly but not sufficient to explain the observed reduction in breakup magmatism. From observations here of 5.2 km oceanic crust, lower crustal seismic velocities of 6.9 km s−1 and a flat REE profile, we infer that breakup occurred in a region of mantle that became depleted by prior extension related to the Gop Rift.
CEO RESISTANCE: THE ROLE OF BOD DEPENDENCE/INDEPENDENCE AND CEO PROFILE

The relationship between boards of directors and CEOs has been at the center of attention in the literature on Corporate Governance. However, little has been done to identify sources of friction and possible outcomes in this relationship. In this paper, drawing on the literature on Agency/Stewardship Theory, Upper Echelons perspective, and Corporate Governance, I have addressed this gap. To do so, this paper recognizes the distinction between founder and non-founder CEOs and dependent and independent boards of directors. I have hypothesized that founder CEOs will demonstrate higher resistance than non-founder CEOs in the presence of independent boards of directors and lower than non-founder CEOs in the presence of dependent boards of directors to takeover proposals. *Division of Business, Indiana University-Purdue University Columbus, 4601 Central Ave., Columbus, IN 47203, USA
The GALAH survey: co-orbiting stars and chemical tagging

We present a study using the second data release of the GALAH survey of stellar parameters and elemental abundances of 15 pairs of stars identified by Oh et al 2017. They identified these pairs as potentially co-moving pairs using proper motions and parallaxes from Gaia DR1. We find that 11 very wide (>1.7 pc) pairs of stars do in fact have similar Galactic orbits, while a further four claimed co-moving pairs are not truly co-orbiting. Eight of the 11 co-orbiting pairs have reliable stellar parameters and abundances, and we find that three of those are quite similar in their abundance patterns, while five have significant [Fe/H] differences. For the latter, this indicates that they could be co-orbiting because of the general dynamical coldness of the thin disc, or perhaps resonances induced by the Galaxy, rather than a shared formation site. Stars such as these, wide binaries, debris of past star formation episodes, and coincidental co-orbiters, are crucial for exploring the limits of chemical tagging in the Milky Way.
( Dis ) agreement in Planted Community Networks and Reinforced Random Walks with Gradient-like Flows

We study opinion dynamics on networks with two communities. Each node has one of two opinions and updates its opinion as a “majority-like” function of the frequency of opinions among its neighbors. The networks we consider are weighted graphs comprised of two equally sized communities where intracommunity edges have weight p, and intercommunity edges have weight q. Thus q and p parameterize the connectivity between the two communities. We prove a dichotomy theorem about the interaction of the two parameters: 1) the “majoritylike” update function, and 2) the level of intercommunity connectivity. For each setting of parameters, we show that either: the system quickly converges to consensus with high probability in time Θ(n log(n)); or, the system can get “stuck” and take time 2 to reach consensus. We note that O(n log(n)) is optimal because it takes this long for each node to even update its opinion. Technically, we achieve this fast convergence result by exploiting the connection between a family of reinforced random walks and dynamical systems literature. Our main result shows if the system is a reinforced random walk with a gradient-like function, it converges to an arbitrary neighborhood of a local attracting point in O(n log n) time with high probability. This result adds to the recent literature on saddle-point analysis and shows a large family of stochastic gradient descent algorithm converges to a local minimal in O(n log n) when the step size O(1/n). Our opinion dynamics model captures a broad range of systems, sometimes called interacting particle systems, exemplified by the voter model, iterative majority, and iterative k−majority processes—which have found use in many disciplines including distributed systems, statistical physics, social networks, and Markov chain theory. ∗University of Michigan, schoeneb@umich.edu. †University of Michigan, fayu@umich.edu.
Biochemical Changes throughout Grape Berry Development and Fruit and Wine Quality

Wine is made up of more than one thousand compounds, the majority of which, such as vitamins and minerals, come from the grapes, while others, like ethanol and glycerol, are products of the winemaking process. Although sugars are either partially or completely transformed, sugar import and accumulation into the ripening berry is a major parameter of wine quality. Sugar status is directly related to the final alcoholic content of wine, and regulates several genes responsible for the development of its aromatic and organoleptic properties. Physiological ripeness is reached when the grapes achieve sufficiently high sugar levels without loosing too much acidity; however, aromatic and phenolic compound content must also be taken into account. Softening and water content are other essential characteristics of a ripe berry. From a winemaker point of view, optimal grape maturity is essential for wine quality, but is difficult to assess because it is under multifactorial control, involving grapevine cultivar variety and environmental parameters such as soil, temperature, exposure to sun, and hormonal regulation. Continued study of the key control points in grape ripening is crucial if we ultimately hope to improve grape and wine quality.
Magnesium and Hypertension in Old Age

Hypertension is a complex condition in which various actors and mechanisms combine, resulting in cardiovascular and cerebrovascular complications that today represent the most frequent causes of mortality, morbidity, disability, and health expenses worldwide. In the last decades, there has been an exceptional amount of experimental, epidemiological, and clinical studies confirming a close relationship between magnesium deficit and high blood pressure. Multiple mechanisms may help to explain the bulk of evidence supporting a protective effect of magnesium against hypertension and its complications. Hypertension increases sharply with advancing age, hence older persons are those most affected by its negative consequences. They are also more frequently at risk of magnesium deficiency by multiple mechanisms, which may, at least in part, explain the higher frequency of hypertension and its long-term complications. The evidence for a favorable effect of magnesium on hypertension risk emphasizes the importance of broadly encouraging the intake of foods such as vegetables, nuts, whole cereals and legumes, optimal dietary sources of magnesium, avoiding processed food, which are very poor in magnesium and other fundamental nutrients, in order to prevent hypertension. In some cases, when diet is not enough to maintain an adequate magnesium status, magnesium supplementation may be of benefit and has been shown to be well tolerated.
Green Synthesis of Gold Nanoparticles using Aqueous Garlic (Allium sativum L.) Extract, and Its Interaction Study with Melamine

Gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) have been successfully prepared by green synthesis method using aqueous extract of garlic with the Latin name of Allium sativum L. (ASL) as a reducing and stabilizing agents. Identification of active compounds in aqueous ASL extract was conducted by phytochemical analysis and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, while the synthesized AuNPs were characterized using UV-Vis spectrophotometer and transmission electron microscopy-selected area electron diffraction (TEM-SAED). The AuNPs formation was optimized at aqueous ASL extract concentration of 0.05%, HAuCl 4 concentration of 2.0×10 -4 M, and pH of 3.6. The optimized AuNPs was characterized using TEM, and has a spherical shape with particle size of 15±3 nm. The particles were also stable up until one month. The synthesized AuNPs has been studied its interaction with melamine, and showed the optimum pH of interaction at 3.6. Copyright © 2017 BCREC GROUP. All rights reserved Received: 13 rd November 2016; Revised: 3 rd January 2017; Accepted: 10 th February 2017 How to Cite : Yulizar, Y. , Ariyanta, H.A. , Abdurrachman, L. (2017). Green Synthesis of Gold Nanoparticles using Aqueous Garlic (Allium sativum L.) Extract, and Its Interaction Study with Melamine. Bulletin of Chemical Reaction Engineering & Catalysis , 12 (2): 212-218 (doi:10.9767/bcrec.12.2.770.212-218) Permalink/DOI : http://dx.doi. org/10.9767/bcrec.12. 2.770. 212-218
Visualization of user interactions with a pressure mapping mobile application for wheelchair users at risk for pressure injuries

ABSTRACT Pressure injuries for individuals with spinal cord injuries (SCI) are correlated with mortality and are a leading cause for rehospitalizations. The Assisted Weight Shift (AW-Shift©) is a mobile pressure mapping application designed to provide users with a live map view and reminders to perform weight shifts. Novel visualization techniques were used to understand daily distributions of user interaction wit h AW-Shift©. The date and time of system interactions were recorded for six participants with SCI over 7 days (five males/one female, five manual users/one power user, 55.3 ± 17.3 years old, 10.6 ± 6.5 years since injury). Circular frequency plots were created to visualize the time and frequency participants brought the app to the foreground of their phone and received alerts and reminders to complete weight shifts. While some participants used the system regularly throughout the day, others primarily used it before 8am; highlighting the system’s importance for regular spot checks and morning wheelchair setup. Participant adherence to weight shift reminders was low suggesting the live pressure map may be more useful. Circular frequency plots can be used by clinicians to more easily review large amounts of patient data. Future work will investigate raw pressure mat data and create a closed-loop weight shift detection algorithm.
Buckling Analysis of Single-Walled Carbon Nanotubes Embedded in an Elastic Medium under Axial Compression Using Non-Local Timoshenko Beam Theory

Based on non-local elasticity theory, Timoshenko beam model is developed to study the elastic buckling of single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) embedded in an elastic medium under axial compression. The non-local effects in the normal and transverse shear stress components are considered. The effects of the surrounding elastic medium based on a Winkler model are taken into account. Considering the small-scale effects, the governing equilibrium equations are derived and the critical buckling loads under axial compression are obtained. The numerical results are reported using the non-local Timoshenko beam theory and compared with those obtained using the non-local Euler– Bernoulli beam theory. The results show that the critical buckling load can be overestimated by the local beam model if the small-scale effect is overlooked for long nanotubes. Furthermore, in order to estimate the non-local critical buckling load of SWCNTs under axial compression, a simplified analysis is carried out and the results are compared with those obtained using molecular mechanics. Copyright © 2016 Penerbit Akademia Baru All rights reserved