Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
DEFINING THE RISK OF RETREATMENT FOR ANEURYSM RECURRENCE OR RESIDUAL AFTER INITIAL TREATMENT BY ENDOVASCULAR COILING: A MULTICENTER STUDY

OBJECTIVEEndovascular treatment of intracranial aneurysms is less invasive than surgical repair but poses a higher risk for aneurysm recurrence, which may necessitate retreatment, thus adding to the long-term risk. Cerebrovascular neurosurgeons from 8 institutions in the United States and Puerto Rico collaborated to assess the risk of retreatment for residual or recurrent aneurysms after the initial endovascular coiling. METHODSData were prospectively recorded for 311 patients with coiled intracranial aneurysms who underwent 352 retreatment procedures after angiographic or clinical recurrence (hemorrhage after initial coiling). Results analyzed included procedural complications and procedure-related morbidity. Morbidity was classified as major (modified Rankin scale score > 3) or minor, and temporary (<30 days) or permanent (>30 days). RESULTSRetreatment mortality was 0.85% per procedure and 0.96% per patient. Treatment-related rates were 0.32% per patient (0.28% per procedure) for permanent or temporary major disability; 1.29% for permanent minor disability (1.14% per procedure); and 1.61% for temporary minor disability (1.42% per procedure). Total risk for death or permanent major disability was 1.28% per patient and 1.13% per procedure. CONCLUSIONRetreatment poses a low risk for patients with recurrences of intracranial aneurysms after initial coiling; this risk is smaller than that posed by the initial endovascular therapy. The risk of disability associated with retreatment for aneurysm recurrence after coiling must be considered prospectively in the choice of treatment but with the recognition that its effects are low in the overall management risk.
Prevalence of systemic lupus erythematosus‐associated optic neuritis

Editor, I read with interest the article on systemic lupus erythematosus-associated optic neuritis by Lin et al. (2009). The authors diagnosed eight patients with systemic lupus erythematosus according to the 1982 revised criteria (Tan et al. 1982). Some points need to be clarified, however. These criteria were updated in 1997 (Hochberg 1997), when the positive lupus erythematosus cell preparation was deleted and replaced with a positive finding of antiphospholipid antibodies. If patients are enrolled according to the updated criteria, the number of patients diagnosed with systemic lupus erythematosus may change and subsequently alter the prevalence of systemic lupus erythematosus-associated optic neuritis.
Selective colorimetric determination of paracetamot by means of an indophenol reaction.

The spontaneous oxidation of alkaline mixtures of p-aminophenol and phenol with molecular oxygen to form indophenol has been made the basis of a colorimetric procedure for the determination of paracetamol via its hydrolysis product, p-aminophenol. The hydrolysis product of phenacetin, p-phenetidine, does not undergo this reaction. Several other active ingredients with which paracetamol is often formulated have been shown not to interfere. Total paracetamol and phenacetin can be determined by an indophenol reaction after hydrolysis and oxidation with acidified hypochlorite.
Transport model simulations of projectile fragmentation reactions at 140 MeV/nucleon

The collisions in four different reaction systems using {sup 40,48}Ca and {sup 58,64}Ni isotope beams and a Be target have been simulated using the heavy ion phase space exploration and the antisymmetrized molecular dynamics models. The present study mainly focuses on the model predictions for the excitation energies of the hot fragments and the cross sections of the final fragments produced in these reactions. The effects of various factors influencing the final fragment cross sections, such as the choice of the statistical decay code and its parameters, have been explored. The predicted fragment cross sections are compared to the projectile fragmentation cross sections measured with the A1900 mass separator. At E/A=140 MeV, reaction dynamics can significantly modify the detection efficiencies for the fragments and make them different from the efficiencies applied to the measured data reported in the previous work. The effects of efficiency corrections on the validation of event generator codes are discussed in the context of the two models.
An Overview of Mixed-Signal Production Test : Past , Present and Future

In this article, a tutorial on the techniques and procedures used in a production test environment is presented. This overview is structured in such a way that the less experienced test engineer can learn about the common and various methods used in mixed-signal test. Various aspects related to test and their role in the manufacturing process of ICs are discussed. In fact, the paper starts off by motivating the need for testing and then describes the different methods: DC, AC, and dynamic testing as well as clocks, SerDes and RF testing. Design for Test (DFT) techniques are also described.
Maximum-Cover Source-Location Problems

Given a graph G = (V,E), a set of vertices S ⊆ V covers ν ∈ V if the edge connectivity between S and ν is at least a given number k. Vertices in S are called sources. The source location problem is a problem of finding a minimum-size source set covering all vertices of a given graph. This paper presents a new variation of the problem, called maximum-cover source-location problem, which finds a source set S with a given size p, maximizing the sum of the weight of vertices covered by S. It presents an O(np + m + n log n)-time algorithm for k = 2, where n = |V| and m = |E|. Especially it runs linear time if G is connected. This algorithm uses a subroutine for finding a subtree with the maximum weight among p-leaf trees of a given vertex-weighted tree. For the problem we give a greedy-based linear-time algorithm, which is an extension of the linear-time algorithm for finding a longest path of a given tree presented by E. W. Dijkstra around 1960. Moreover, we show some polynomial solvable cases, e.g., a given graph is a tree or (k - 1)-edge-connected, and NP-hard cases, e.g., a vertex-cost function is given or G is a digraph.
Structural basis for sequential displacement of Ca2+ by Yb3+ in a protozoan EF‐hand calcium binding protein

We have studied the displacement of Ca2+by the trivalent lanthanide ions (Yb3+) in a protozoan (Entamoeba histolytica) Ca2+‐binding protein (EhCaBP), by NMR and thermodynamics. We have demonstrated, for the first time, how one can use in a combined fashion the utility of NMR and thermodynamics to have an insight to the relative binding specificities/affinity between Ca2+ and Yb3+. As revealed by the titration experiments, Yb3+ displaces Ca2+ from the four metal binding sites present in EhCaBP in a sequential manner. The study provides a structural origin for such a sequential Ca2+ displacement by Yb3+ in EhCaBP.
A 4 Gsps, 2-4 GHz input bandwidth, 3-bits flash A/D converter

This paper presents the digitizer developed for the second phase of the ALMA (Atacama Large Millimeter Array) project. This ASIC is a monolithic A/D converter implemented in a BiCMOS 0.25 /spl mu/m. SiGe process from STMicroelectronics. The main features of the ADC are a 3 bit resolution (8 quantization levels), an input bandwidth from 2 to 4 GHz with 4 GHz sample rate. The design architecture of this digitizer is based on a conventional flash analog to digital converter structure. The comparator outputs are coded by a FDL encoder with a 3-bit Gray code. The measurement results, depicted at the end of this paper, show that the converter is operational for clock rates up to 5.5 GHz. The overall chip dissipates 1.4 W under 2.5 V and the die area is 9 mm/sup 2/.
Commentary: new tools to assess hepatic steatosis – what do we want to measure?

We read with great interest the article by Permutt et al. that demonstrated the use of proton density-fat fraction (PDFF) by magnetic resonance imaging to measure hepatic steatosis in patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). In addition, patients with cirrhosis had less steatosis than noncirrhotic patients by both PDFF and histology. The latter finding has major clinical implications. As NAFLD progresses towards cirrhosis and end-stage liver disease, hepatic steatosis often decreases or disappears. In fact, NAFLD is believed to be the most common cause of cryptogenic cirrhosis. Decrease in hepatic steatosis thus cannot be taken as evidence of disease improvement. How should we interpret steatosis results then? At the clinic setting, one may look for other risk factors of disease progression. For example, if a patient is nondiabetic and achieves weight reduction, a reduction in hepatic steatosis most likely represents genuine improvement. 4 On the other hand, for future clinical research using non-invasive tests only, steatosis results should be supplemented by markers of necroinflammation and fibrosis. 6 Moreover, this study did not include a control group without NAFLD. Future studies are required to evaluate the accuracy of PDFF in diagnosing NAFLD. It would also be important to compare PDFF with other state-of-the-art non-invasive tests of steatosis like proton-magnetic resonance spectroscopy and dual gradient echo magnetic resonance imaging. 8 In conclusion, new and promising tools for the measurement of hepatic steatosis have been developed in the past few years. These tests will likely have a major impact on future research and practice. At the end of the day, the ultimate test would be whether these investigations predict clinical outcomes such as cirrhosis, hepatocellular carcinoma and cardiovascular complications.
Novel adjuvants and delivery systems for HIV vaccines

Vaccines have traditionally consisted of live attenuated pathogens, whole inactivated organisms or inactivated bacterial toxins. More recently, recombinant protein vaccines have been introduced in combination with traditional adjuvants, based on insoluble aluminium salts (generically called ‘alum’), for example Hepatitis B surface antigen adsorbed to alum is an effective vaccine against infection with Hepatitis B virus (HBV). These various approaches have induced protective immunity against a number of pathogens, mainly through the induction of antibody responses. However, these approaches have proven unsuitable or unsuccessful for the development of an effective HIV vaccine. In contrast to some viruses, which can be easily controlled by neutralizing antibodies, cell mediated immunity (CMI) and particularly cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTL) appear to be important for the control of HIV. CTL specifically recognize and kill virally infected cells displaying foreign antigen in the context of MHC class I molecules. CTL have been shown to play a particularly important role in the early control of HIV infection and an inverse correlation has been established between the magnitude of CTL responses in infected individuals and viral load [1]. Unfortunately, the alum based adjuvants are poor inducers of CMI and are ineffective for the induction of CTL. Therefore, there is an urgent need for the development of new adjuvants and delivery technologies to enable the development of an effective HIV vaccine.
A NEW METHOD FOR ROUTING IN ENERGY-BASED WIRELESS SENSOR ACTOR NETWORK

Wireless Sensor Actor Network is a collection of large numbers of sensor nodes with very small dimensions which has the abilities of environment sense, sensory information and transferring data between each other wirelessly. Although these nodes have proper capabilities, their lifetime is limited, because their energy is provided by batteries with limited power. Among different factors of energy consumption, data routing is one of the most important consuming energy factors. Most of the energy is related to the way of transferring data from the node inside the network to the base station and it is the best route for transferring data. LEACH algorithm is one of routing algorithms that works based on clustering. In this thesis, LEACH method has been improved, so that if the selected cluster head does not achieve the minimum points of the evaluation function, then the node which possesses the highest score will be selected as cluster head. The amount of energy consumption will be distributed among nodes. The results of suggested method’s simulation indicate that in comparison to LEACH method, the suggested method has longer network lifetime.
Ligustrazine Derivatives. Part 4: Design, Synthesis, and Biological Evaluation of Novel Ligustrazine‐based Stilbene Derivatives as Potential Cardiovascular Agents

A series of novel stilbene derivatives containing ligustrazinyl moiety was designed, synthesized, and assayed for their protective effects on damaged endothelial cells. The results showed that most ligustrazinyl stilbene derivatives exhibited high protective effects on the human umbilical vascular endothelial cells (HUVECs) damaged by hydrogen peroxide in comparison with Ligustrazine. The stilbene derivatives A6, A9, A11, A21, A24, A25, and A27 exhibited high potency with low EC50 values ranged from 0.0249 μm to 0.0898 mm. Compound A27 displayed EC50 0.0249 μm, which is 30 000 times higher than that of Ligustrazine, presenting a most promising lead for further investigation. Structure–activity relationships were briefly discussed.
A continuous-time global adaptive observer of the parameters of a SISO sigmoidal neural network

A class of single-input single-output sigmoidal neural networks with nonlinear parametrization is considered. The problem of the continuous-time global exponential estimation of its parameters, both linearly and nonlinearly parametrized, is addressed. Under regularity assumptions on the neural network input trajectory, a novel solution to this problem is presented when the output, the input, and the input's derivative are available for measurement. The result is obtained showing that the sigmoidal neural network output coincides with the output of a suitable autonomous system of differential equations whose state and unknown parameters can be estimated with the tools of adaptive observation theory. If the sigmoidal neural network is the approximation of an arbitrary nonlinear mapping, the parameters estimates convergence is shown to be robust with respect to the neural network output approximation error
Reliability Modeling, Analysis and Prediction of Wireless Mobile Communications

The future Fifth Generation (5G) mobile cellular networks that are currently in research phase today enable broad range of services/applications beyond classical mobile communications. One key enabler for Ultra-Reliable services to be integrated into mobile networks is the Reliability of transmission success of a given data packet. This is harder mainly owing to the time-dependent effective link qualities of the communicating devices. However, successful indication of the availability of the instantaneous link quality (e.g., by the device) would allow opportunistic access of ultra reliable services/applications when the link conditions are fair enough. This paper introduces a framework for modeling, predicting and analyzing the theoretical reliability of the wireless link based on factors such as fading, mobility, interference etc. The analysis and prediction is based on the part stress method [1] by assuming time dependent factors as elements/components and their respective Transmission Times To Failure (TTTF). The proposed framework also supports other reliability analysis techniques such as Fault Tree Analysis [2] and Accelerated testing [3] of wireless systems and to improve the components.
Biological apatite vs hydroxyapatite at the atomic level.

Known differences in chemical content of biological apatites, specifically the dense (sp.g. greater than 2.95) portion of human tooth enamel (TE), and of stoichiometric hydroxyapatite (OHAp) imply atomic-scale crystal-structural differences, via major and minor substitutions, which can impart very different characteristics to the two materials. Further, some substitutions are shown to produce important effects not predictable from study of pure materials alone. A number of crystal-detail differences between TE and OHAp, both at room temperature and in response to heating (which occurs to some degree locally in hard tissue in vivo as a result of grinding, laser action, etc.), are tabulated. They include CO3 content and incorporation, lattice parameters, water content, non OHAp phases formed on heating, structural OH deficiency, and hydrogen-bonding of F and Cl "impurities" to OH. The significance of these differences is such that it is clearly misleading to speak of tooth enamel, and by inference other biological apatites, as "hydroxyapatite" without considerable qualification of the statement. The differences between biological apatite and OHAp are, in fact, of greater current interest and probable biological significance than are the similarities.
Combining cognitive behavioural therapy and pharmacotherapy in the treatment of anxiety disorders: True gains or false hopes?

OZET: Anksiyete bozukluklar› tedavisinde biliflsel dav- ran›flc› terapi ve ilac tedavisi birliktelii: Gercek kazan›mlar m›? Gercekci olmayan umutlar m›? Amac: Anksiyete bozukluklar› s›k gorulen; birey, sal›k siste- mi ve toplum uzerinde olumsuz etkileri olan bir hastal›k gru- budur. Uygulamada anksiyete hastalar›n›n onemli bir bolu- munun tedavi gomedii, gorenlerin ise counlukla ya ilac tedavisi ya biliflsel davran›fl terapileri (BDT) ya da kombinas- yon tedavileri ald›¤› bilinmektedir. Bu gozden gecirme maka- lesi, baflta panik bozukluk olmak uzere, tum anksiyete bozuk- luklar›n›n tedavisinde kullan›lan kombine yaklafl›m›n lehine ve aleyhine olan kan›tlar› incelemek ve BDT ile ilac tedavisinin olas› etkileflim mekanizmalar›n› araflt›rmay› amaclam›flt›r. Yontem: Makale panik bozukluun ilac ve BDT kombinas- yonu ile tedavisine iliflkin eldeki kan›tlar› gozden gecirmek- te ayr›ca yayg›n anksiyete bozukluu (YAB), sosyal anksiye- te bozukluu (SAB), obsesif kompulsif bozukluk (OKB) ve travma sonras› stres bozukluu (TSSB)'ndaki olas› etkile- flimleri metaanalitik duzeyde incelemektedir. Bulgular: TSSB'de kombinasyon tedavilerinin ya da BDT'nin antipsikotik veya antikonvulsan ilaclarla kombine edilmesi- nin yararl› olduunu ortaya koyan nitelikli araflt›rma verisine rastlanmam›flt›r. Panik bozukluk, YAB, SAB ve OKB'de ise an- tidepresan ve benzodiyazepinlerle BDT kombinasyonunun tedavinin hem bafllang›c hem de sonuc evresinde etkili ola- bilecei gosterilmifl olsa da kombine tedavi ile salanan ya- rarlar›n yaln›zca BDT ile salanan yararlar kadar kal›c› olma- d›¤› gorulmektedir. Hatta baz› ilac gruplar› ile kombinasyo- nun BDT'nin uzun donem yararl› etkilerini olumsuz yonde deifltirdiine iliflkin kan›tlar bulunmufltur. Psikotrop ilaclar- la BDT aras›ndaki karmafl›k etkileflimi anlamaya cal›fl›rken te- davinin noronal korku a¤›na ve bellek ifllevleri uzerine olan etkileri yan›s›ra hastalar›n iyileflmeyi hangi tedavi yaklafl›m›- na yukledikleri ve her bir tedavi yaklafl›m›na olan tutumlar› gibi etkenler onem kazanmaktad›r. Sonuc: Eldeki mevcut kan›ta dayal› veriler temel al›nd›¤›nda uygulamada anksiyete bozukluklar›n›n tedavisinde kombi- ne tedavilerin kullan›lmas› gerekenden daha fazla, yaln›zca BDT'nin ise kullan›lmas› gerekenden daha az kullan›ld›¤› an- lafl›lmaktad›r. Tedaviyi planlarken BDT ile ilac tedavisi aras›n- daki karmafl›k etkileflimler gozonunde bulundurulmal›d›r. Anahtar sozcukler: Biliflsel davran›fl terapisi, ilac tedavisi, anksiyete bozukluu ABSTRACT:cognitive behavioural therapy and pharmacotherapy in the treatment of anxiety disorders: true gains or false hopes?
Comparison of pH , volatile fatty acids , and microbiome of rumen samples from preweaned calves obtained via cannula or stomach tube

The objective of this study was to compare rumen samples from young dairy calves obtained via a stomach tube (ST) or a ruminal cannula (RC). Five male Holstein calves (46 ± 4.0 kg of body weight and 11 ± 4.9 d of age) were ruminally cannulated at 15 d of age. Calves received 4 L/d of a commercial milk replacer (25% crude protein and 19.2% fat) at 12.5% dry matter, and were provided concentrate and chopped oats hay ad libitum throughout the study (56 d). In total, 29 paired rumen samples were obtained weekly throughout the study in most of the calves by each extraction method. These samples were used to determine pH and volatile fatty acids (VFA) concentration, and to quantify Prevotella ruminicola and Streptococcus bovis by quantitative PCR. Furthermore, a denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis was performed on rumen samples harvested during wk 8 of the study to determine the degree of similarity between rumen bacteria communities. Rumen pH was 0.30 units greater in ST compared with RC samples. Furthermore, total VFA concentrations were greater in RC than in ST samples. However, when analyzing the proportion of each VFA by ANOVA, no differences were found between the sampling methods. The quantification of S. bovis and P. ruminicola was similar in both extraction methods, and values obtained using different methods were highly correlated (R = 0.89 and 0.98 for S. bovis and P. ruminicola, respectively). Fingerprinting analysis showed similar bacteria band profiles between samples obtained from the same calves using different extraction methods. In conclusion, when comparing rumen parameters obtained using different sampling techniques, it is recommended that VFA profiles be used rather than total VFA concentrations, as total VFA concentrations are more affected by the method of collection. Furthermore, although comparisons of pH across studies should be avoided when samples are not obtained using the same sampling method, the comparison of fingerprinting of a bacteria community or a specific rumen bacterium is valid.
Characterization of Two Compatible Small Plasmids from Sphingobium yanoikuyae

We isolated and characterized two small cryptic indigenous plasmids, pYAN-1 (4,896 bp) and pYAN-2 (4,687 bp), from Sphingobium yanoikuyae, and developed a versatile system that permitted genetic manipulation of the genus Sphingomonas. Nucleotide sequencing of both plasmids revealed that they contained mobA, mobs, and repA genes, which are predicted to encode proteins associated with mobilization and replication, in common. Transformation with each plasmid harboring the antibiotic resistance gene by electroporation was fully successful, using Novosphingobium capsulatum as a host.
[CAG trinucleotide mutation detection in patients with hereditary spinocerebellar ataxia].

OBJECTIVE To assess the frequency of the SCA1, SCA2,SCA3/MJD, SCA6, SCA7 and DRPLA CAG trinucleotide repeat expansions(CAG)n among individuals diagnosed with hereditary spinocerebellar ataxia(SCA) from Chinese families. METHODS The SCA1, SCA2, SCA3/MJD, SCA6, SCA7 and DRPLA(CAG)n mutations were detected by polymerase chain reaction (PCR), denaturing polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and silver staining technique in 167 patients with autosomal dominant SCA from 85 Chinese families and 37 sporadic SCA patients. RESULTS Among 85 families, four families(4.70%) had seven SCA1 patients with the CAG repeat expanded to 53 to 62 repeats, five (5.88%) had twelve SCA2 patients with the CAG repeat expanded to 43 to 47 repeats, and 41 (48.23%) had 83 SCA3/MJD patients with the CAG repeat expanded to 68 to 83 repeats. Analysis of the mutation in these families showed a strong negative correlation between the size of the expanded CAG repeat and the age of disease onset. None of the SCA patients were positive for SCA6, SCA7, or DRPLA. Nor was any of the sporadic SCA patients positive for the CAG repeat expansion in the SCA1, SCA2, SCA3/MJD, SCA6, SCA7, or DRPLA gene. CONCLUSION The frequency of SCA3/MJD is substantially higher than that of SCA1 and SCA2 in the autosomal dominant SCA from Chinese families. Chinese SCA3/MJD patients are non-Portuguese. Clinical expressions of the various SCAs overlap one another and hence can make the phenotype-based diagnostic classification inaccurate in many instances. It is important for SCA clinical studies to make an SCA gene diagnosis and genotype analysis.