Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Computer-assisted EEG diagnostic review for idiopathic generalized epilepsy

Epilepsy diagnosis can be costly, time-consuming and not uncommonly inaccurate. The reference standard diagnostic monitoring is continuous video-EEG monitoring, ideally capturing all events or concordant interictal discharges. Automating EEG data review would save time and resources, thus enabling more people to receive reference standard monitoring and also potentially herald a more quantitative approach to therapeutic outcomes. There is substantial research into automated detection of seizures and epileptic activity from EEG. However, automated detection software is not widely used in the clinic; and, despite numerous published algorithms, few methods have regulatory approval for detecting epileptic activity from EEG. This study reports on a deep learning algorithm for computer-assisted EEG review. Deep, convolutional neural networks were trained to detect epileptic discharges using a pre-existing dataset of over 6000 labelled events in a cohort of 103 patients with idiopathic generalized epilepsy (IGE). Patients underwent 24-hour ambulatory outpatient EEG, and all data was curated and confirmed independently by two epilepsy specialists (Seneviratne et al, 2016). The resulting automated detection algorithm was then used to review diagnostic scalp-EEG for seven patients (four with IGE and three with events mimicking seizures) to validate performance in a clinical setting. The automated detection algorithm showed state-of-the-art performance for detecting epileptic activity from clinical EEG, with mean sensitivity of >95% and corresponding mean false positive rate of 1 detection per minute. Importantly, diagnostic case studies showed that the automated detection algorithm reduced human review time by 80%-99%, without compromising event detection or diagnostic accuracy. The presented results demonstrate that computer-assisted review can increase the speed and accuracy of EEG assessment and has the potential to greatly improve therapeutic outcomes.
Exploiting user feedback to facilitate observation-based testing

Recent progress in the use of data mining and statistical techniques to automatically classify related software failures and to localize defects suggests that if appropriate information is collected about executions of deployed software, then such techniques can assist developers in prioritizing action on soft failures reported by users and in diagnosing their causes. Users, however, are not reliable judges of correct software behavior: they may overlook real failures, neglect to report failures they do observe, or report spurious failures. Instead, I propose to employ users as independent checks on each other. Previous work demonstrated that executions with similar execution profiles often represent similar program behavior. By grouping similar executions together, developers can use user-submitted labels to corroborate each other: similar executions with the same label represent consensus, and similar executions with differing labels represent suspicious or confusing behavior. An empirical evaluation of two proposed techniques, Corroboration-based Filtering, Review-All-FAILUREs plus k-Nearest Neighbors, indicates that they discover significantly more failures and defects than the naive review-all-FAILUREs strategy. A third technique, round-robin cluster sampling, discovers failures and defects more quickly than RAF.
Quantifying the Acidic and Basic Effects of Vegetable and Herb Species in Peat-based Substrate and Hydroponics

Objectives were 1) to quantify acidic and basic effects on the root zone pH for eight vegetable and herb species grown in peat-based substrate and hydroponic nutrient solution and 2) to determine the applied NH4+:NO3– ratio expected to have a neutral pH reaction for each species during its vegetative growth phase. In one experiment, plants were grown for 33 days in substrate (70% peat:30% perlite by volume), and were fertilized with a nutrient solution containing 7.14 milli-equivalents (mEq)·L–1 N and NH4+:NO3– ratios ranging from 0:100 to 40:60. During the second experiment, the same species were grown in hydroponic nutrient solutions at 7.14 mEq·L–1 N with NH4+:NO3– ratios ranging from 0:100 to 30:70, and data were collected over a 6-day period. In substrate, species increased root zone pH when supplied 0:100 solution, except for cucumber, which did not change substrate pH. Increasing the NH4+:NO3– ratio to 40:60 increased acidity and decreased pH across species. Similar trends were observed in hydroponics, in which the most basic response occurred across species with 0:100, and the most acidic response occurred with 30:70. Arugula was the only species that increased root zone pH with all three NH4+:NO3– ratios in substrate and hydroponics. In substrate and hydroponics, mEq of acidity (negative) or basicity (positive) produced per gram dry weight gain per plant (mEq·g−1) correlated positively with mEq·g−1 net cation minus anion uptake, respectively, in which greater cation uptake resulted in acidity and greater anion uptake resulted in basicity. In hydroponics, the greatest net anion uptake occurred with 0:100, and increasing the NH4+:NO3– ratio increased total cation uptake across species. Cucumber had the most acidic effect and required less than 10% of N as NH4+-N for a neutral pH over time, arugula was the most basic and required more than 20% NH4+-N, and the remaining species had neutral percent NH4+-N between 10% and 20% of N. Increasing the NH4+:NO3– ratio decreased Ca2+ uptake across all species in hydroponics, which could potentially impact tip burn and postharvest quality negatively. Controlling root zone pH in substrate and hydroponic culture requires regular pH monitoring in combination with NH4+:NO3– adjustments and other pH management strategies, such as injecting mineral acid to neutralize irrigation water alkalinity or adjusting the limestone incorporation rate for substrate.
ANÁLISE EPIDEMIOLÓGICA DA PANDEMIA PELO INFLUENZA A (H1N1) NO BRASIL NOS ANOS DE 2009 A 2010.

Em abril de 2009 instalou-se no Brasil uma pandemia causada pelo virus da Influenza A (H1N1), e permaneceu ate marco de 2010. Foram confirmados laboratorialmente 46.355 casos de sindrome respiratoria aguda grave (SRAG) devido a Influenza A (H1N1); e um virus RNA, fita simples com tropismo por celulas da mucosa nasal. As profilaxias adotadas pelas autoridades sanitarias foram pedir a populacao que evitassem aglomeracoes de pessoas, higienizacao das maos com maior frequencia e manter a ventilacao dos ambientes. O objetivo foi realizar uma analise da pandemia ocorrida em 2009 no Brasil, com enfase nos grupos afetados para se compreender, fundamentalmente, os mecanismos de infeccao e prevencao da Influenza. As campanhas vacinais obtiveram exito na populacao abrangida, necessitando expandir a abrangencia tambem para o grupo mais afetado pela infeccao. Palavras – chaves: Influenza, pandemia, gripe.
Overlapping Representation of Primary Tastes in a Defined Region of the Gustatory Cortex

Both physiological and imaging approaches have led to often-disparate conclusions about the organization of taste information in gustatory cortex (GC). In this study, we used neuroanatomical and imaging approaches to delineate the likely area of insular cortex given to gustatory function and to characterize taste responses within this delineated area in female and male C57BL/6J mice. Anterograde tracers were injected into the taste thalamus (the medial parvicellular portion of the ventral posterior medial division, VPMpc) of mice and the thalamic terminal field was investigated across the cortex. Working within the delineated area, we used two-photon imaging to measure basic taste responses in >780 neurons in layer 2/3 located just posterior to the middle cerebral artery. A nonbiased, hierarchical cluster analysis revealed multiple clusters of cells responding best to either individual or combinations of taste stimuli. Taste quality was represented in the activity of taste-responsive cells; however, there was no apparent spatial organization of primary taste qualities in this region. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT Recent studies investigating taste coding within the gustatory cortex have reported highly segregated, taste-specific regions containing only narrowly tuned cells responding to a single taste separated by large non-taste-coding areas. However, focusing on the center of this area, we found a large number of taste responsive cells ranging from narrowly to broadly responsive with no apparent local spatial organization. Further, population analysis reveals that activity in the neuronal population in this area appears to be related to measures of taste quality or hedonics.
Kv4.1, a Key Ion Channel For Low Frequency Firing of Dentate Granule Cells, Is Crucial for Pattern Separation

The dentate gyrus (DG) in the hippocampus may play key roles in remembering distinct episodes through pattern separation, which may be subserved by the sparse firing properties of granule cells (GCs) in the DG. Low intrinsic excitability is characteristic of mature GCs, but ion channel mechanisms are not fully understood. Here, we investigated ionic channel mechanisms for firing frequency regulation in hippocampal GCs using male and female mice, and identified Kv4.1 as a key player. The dentate gyrus (DG) in the hippocampus may play key roles in remembering distinct episodes through pattern separation, which may be subserved by the sparse firing properties of granule cells (GCs) in the DG. Low intrinsic excitability is characteristic of mature GCs, but ion channel mechanisms are not fully understood. Here, we investigated ionic channel mechanisms for firing frequency regulation in hippocampal GCs using male and female mice, and identified Kv4.1 as a key player. Immunofluorescence analysis showed that Kv4.1 was preferentially expressed in the DG, and its expression level determined by Western blot analysis was higher at 8-week than 3-week-old mice, suggesting a developmental regulation of Kv4.1 expression. With respect to firing frequency, GCs are categorized into two distinctive groups: low-frequency (LF) and high-frequency (HF) firing GCs. Input resistance (Rin) of most LF-GCs is lower than 200 MΩ, suggesting that LF-GCs are fully mature GCs. Kv4.1 channel inhibition by intracellular perfusion of Kv4.1 antibody increased firing rates and gain of the input-output relationship selectively in LF-GCs with no significant effect on resting membrane potential and Rin, but had no effect in HF-GCs. Importantly, mature GCs from mice depleted of Kv4.1 transcripts in the DG showed increased firing frequency, and these mice showed an impairment in contextual discrimination task. Our findings suggest that Kv4.1 expression occurring at late stage of GC maturation is essential for low excitability of DG networks and thereby contributes to pattern separation. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT The sparse activity of dentate granule cells (GCs), which is essential for pattern separation, is supported by high inhibitory inputs and low intrinsic excitability of GCs. Low excitability of GCs is thought to be attributable to a high K+ conductance at resting membrane potentials, but this study identifies Kv4.1, a depolarization-activated K+ channel, as a key ion channel that regulates firing of GCs without affecting resting membrane potentials. Kv4.1 expression is developmentally regulated and Kv4.1 currents are detected only in mature GCs that show low-frequency firing, but not in less mature high-frequency firing GCs. Furthermore, mice depleted of Kv4.1 transcripts in the dentate gyrus show impaired pattern separation, suggesting that Kv4.1 is crucial for sparse coding and pattern separation.
A method to exploit the structure of genetic ancestry space to enhance case-control studies

One goal of human genetics is to understand the genetic basis of disease, a challenge for diseases of complex inheritance because risk alleles are few relative to the vast set of benign variants. Risk variants are often sought by association studies in which allele frequencies in cases are contrasted with those from population-based samples used as controls. In an ideal world we would know population-level allele frequencies, releasing researchers to focus on case subjects. We argue this ideal is possible, at least theoretically, and we outline a path to achieving it in reality. If such a resource were to exist, it would yield ample savings and would facilitate the effective use of data repositories by removing administrative and technical barriers. We call this concept the Universal Control Repository Network (UNICORN), a means to perform association analyses without necessitating direct access to individual-level control data. Our approach to UNICORN uses existing genetic resources and various statistical tools to analyze these data, including hierarchical clustering with spectral analysis of ancestry; and empirical Bayesian analysis along with Gaussian spatial processes to estimate ancestry-specific allele frequencies. We demonstrate our approach using tens of thousands of controls from studies of Crohn’s disease, showing how it controls false positives, provides power similar to that achieved when all control data are directly accessible, and enhances power when control data are limiting or even imperfectly matched ancestrally. These results highlight how UNICORN can enable reliable, powerful and convenient genetic association analyses without access to the individual level data.
Developments in model-based video coding

This paper reports on current developments in the area of model-based video coding, a technique which shows promise of achieving very large bit-rate reductions for moving images. After an introduction and historical review, advances are summarized in several areas, among them improved 3D tracking of the human head and of facial expressions, the use of muscle-driven model animation with skin synthesis, techniques for luminance compensation, and switched coders. Bit rates ranging from 64 kb/s down to about 1 kb/s have been obtained using head-and-shoulder video sequences. Problems with model-based methods are identified and future developments in both CBR and VBR transmission discussed. >
Present a way to Find Frequent Tree Patterns Using Inverted Index

12.00 In recent years, data mining in trees or tree mining have attracted much attention due to explosive growth in generating tree databases. The tree database is one type of database that consists of either a single large tree or a number of relatively small trees. Among all patterns occurring in tree database, mining frequent tree is of great importance. The frequent tree is the one that occur frequently in the tree database. Frequent subtrees not only are important themselves but are applicable in other aspects of data analyze and data mining tasks, such as similarity search in tree database, tree clustering, classification, bioinformatics, etc. In this paper, after reviewing different methods of searching for frequent subtrees , a new method based on inverted index is proposed to explore the frequent tree patterns . This procedure is done in two phases: passive and active. In the passive phase, we find subtrees on the dataset, and then they are converted to strings and will be stored in the inverted index . In the active phase easily, we derive the desired frequent subtrees by the inverted index . The proposed approach is trying to take advantage of times when the CPU is idle so that the CPU utilization is at its highest in in evaluation results . In the active phase, frequent subtrees mining is performed using inverted index rather than be done directly onto dataset , as a result, the desired frequent subtrees are found in the fastest possible time . One of the other features of the proposed method is that , unlike previous methods by adding a tree to the dataset is not necessary to repeat the previous steps again. In other words, this method has a high performance on dynamic trees. In addition, the proposed method is capable of interacting with the user.
Web mining and its SQL based parallel execution

Web mining can be classified into two categories, Web access log mining and Web structure mining. We performed association rule mining and sequence pattern mining against the access log which was accumulated at NTT Software Mobile Info Search portal site. The detailed Web log mining process and the rules we derived are reported. The parallel association rule mining is explored on a large scale PC cluster system. Parallelism is key to improve the performance. We achieved substantial speed up through parallel SQL execution.
Examining spatial and trophic ecology of Bahamian stingrays, Styracura schmardae and Hypanus americanus, using stable isotope analysis

Tropical coastal environments including mangrove creek systems are threatened by anthropogenic disturbances. Stingrays fill important roles that support and maintain these ecosystems. In The Bahamas, two data-deficient demersal stingrays coexist within these habitats, but whether they exhibit resource partitioning in order to avoid competition had yet to be investigated. Analysis of stable isotopes was carried out on white muscle samples of 96 Caribbean whiptail rays (Styracura schmardae) and 102 Southern stingrays (Hypanus americanus), carbon, nitrogen and sulphur isotopic compositions were measured for each species and used to compare and distinguish ecological factors. Nitrogen isotopes suggested that H. americanus feeds at a higher trophic level than S. schmardae, potentially implying dietary resource partitioning; however, competition is still present due to an overlap of diets by 35.6% (total ellipse area). Positive correlation between sulphur and nitrogen distribution suggest trophic differences between species are due to differences in habitat use of sulphide-rich environments, specifically mangroves. The combination of carbon and sulphur isotopes suggests that mangrove creek systems are a vital habitat for both species but especially for the poorly-studied Caribbean whiptail ray. Spatial resource partitioning could be occurring in the Bahamas between these two species. However, it is entirely possible that the coexistence of these
Comparative effects of Zea mays bran, Telfairia occidentalis and Citrus sinensis feeds on bowel transit rate, postprandial blood glucose and lipids profile in male wistar rats

Plant-based diets are gaining recognition and acceptance as a dietary approach to maintaining healthy living and managing some diseases. Comparative effects of Zea mays bran, Telfairia occidentalis, and Citrus sinensis feeds on bowel transit rate, postprandial blood glucose, and serum lipid profile levels were investigated in 20 male Wistar rats of average weight 160 ± 5 g. Proximate analysis and in-vitro total antioxidant capacity (TAC) of the feeds were evaluated. The animals were randomly grouped into four (n=5) and fed with normal rats chow (control), Z. mays bran, T. occidentalis, and C. sinensis respectively for thirty days. Postprandial blood glucose, plasma lipids profile and bowel transit rate were evaluated. The ash and protein contents were significantly higher (p
An immune system for cyberspace

There is legitimate concern that, within the next few years, the Internet will provide a fertile medium for new breeds of computer viruses capable of spreading orders of magnitude faster than they do today. To counter this threat, we have developed an immune system for computers that senses the presence of a previously unknown, pathogen, and then within minutes automatically derives and deploys a prescription for detecting and removing it. The system is being integrated with a commercial anti-virus product, IBM AntiVirus, and is expected to be offered as a pilot in late 1997.
Priority Based Memory Channel Architecture for Virtualization in Cloud Computing

Live migration in cloud is key aspect of cloud computing. In this work, we propose to overcome the performance issues of Single Memory channel with Multi channel memory channel. Single memory channel affect the performance of CPU, communication and memory. Here, we present a priority memory channel model to overcome the issues which affecting the performance of system. Priority Algorithm is used to fulfil the commitments of SLA agreement through giving priority to highest paying customers and medium level of priority to less paying customers. The Starvation problem is also solved by applying the Round Robin algorithm. The cores of the CPU are continuously increasingly but in the other way it’s an overhead. It’s necessary to utilize the cores of CPU properly. The rapid increase in the cloud and its infrastructure has lead to increase in the various aspects of the cloud computing. This has resulted in significant increase in the virtualization technology and lays more emphasis on virtual machines, live migration and so on. So these issues will be dealt with high attention to get solutions.
A study on the application of ubiquitous learning environment to english learning in elementary schools

The research was preceded in the English situational classroom in English Village in a junior high school in Pingtung County where the ubiquitous learning system with context-aware technology was planned. With 3.5G wireless communication technology and broadband routers, five 8.9” Eee PC and three iPod touch were utilized as the mobile devices. There were 145 students in total including 3rd grader to 6th grader from ten different elementary schools in Kaohsiung and Pingtung areas with the experiment purpose to understand the learning situation of the students in such a ubiquitous learning environment. An evaluation sheet for the application of contextual teaching environment to the English learning in elementary schools was edited as the research tool. The collected data were further proceeded One-way Analysis of Variance and Multivariate Stepwise Regression Analysis for testing the differences in learning situations and predicting the learning satisfaction.
APPLYING POLICY HIDING CRYPTOGRAHIC SCHEME IN DOSN

Security concern in online social networking service have number of proposals for decentralized online social networks (DOSN). This remove the central provider and giving the control over their data who can access it. This project use the cryptographic scheme. In existing DOSN cryptographic primitives that hide the data but reveal the access policies. The project analyze Predicate encryption (PE) is cryptographic primitives that to provide access control of encrypted data using attribute based policies. We use bloom filter means that decreasing decryption time and indicate objects that can be decrypted by a particular user. This is best suitable for performance efficiency.
Materials for Opto-Electronics

Materials used in various opto-electronic devices are gaining tremendous attention due to their promising applications found in photo-cathodes, phosphors, light emitting diodes (LEDs), displays, lasers, integrated optical circuits (IOC) etc. Today scientists all over the world are putting in immense effort in examining the properties of these materials in order to discover other possible applications in the field of opto-electronics and to optimise their applications in the fields that are already well-known. A brief survey of the materials for opto-electronic devices is being presented in this talk. An indication of futuristic trends in the development of these materials has also been given.