Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Association of C-Reactive Protein Level and Short Term Clinical Outcome among Spontaneous Intracerebral Haemorrhage Patients

Background: C-reactive protein is a biomarker among the spontaneous intracerebral haemorrhage patients. Objective: The purpose of this present study was to see the association of CRP level with the short term clinical outcome among spontaneous intracerebral haemorrhage patients. Methodology: This prospective cohort study was conducted in the Department of Neurology at Dhaka Medical College and Hospital, Dhaka, Bangladesh from July 2012 to June 2014 for a period of two (02) years. Patients presented with first ever spontaneous intracerebral haemorrhage with the age group of more than or equal to 18 years with both sexes and hospital admission within 48 hours of onset were included for this study. Admission plasma CRP was measured and study population were divided into group I (plasma CRP≥6 mg/L) and group II (plasma CRP<6 mg/L). The patients were observed daily till 1 week after admission with special attention to vital parameters and clinical outcome which were mortality, functional outcome and early neurological worsening. Finally findings were analyzed and clinical outcome were compared in patient with different level of admission plasma CRP. Result: Early neurological worsening at the end of first week was 37(38%) patients. Poor functional outcome (GOS 2-3) at the end of first week was found in 51(52%) patients. Overall mortality within that period was 16(17%) patients. Elevated CRP level was associated with higher proportion of GCS score < 9 at day seven. Early neurological worsening and poor functional outcome (GOS2-3) was also found more in these patients. Conclusion: High admission plasma CRP level may be associated with higher proportions of poor short term outcome (GOS 2-3), early neurological worsening at the end of the first week after onset and mortality within this period in the patients with spontaneous intracerebral haemorrhage. Journal of National Institute of Neurosciences Bangladesh, 2017;3(2): 89-93
Dietary Sulfur Amino Acid Restriction and the Integrated Stress Response: Mechanistic Insights

Dietary sulfur amino acid restriction, also referred to as methionine restriction, increases food intake and energy expenditure and alters body composition in rodents, resulting in improved metabolic health and a longer lifespan. Among the known nutrient-responsive signaling pathways, the evolutionary conserved integrated stress response (ISR) is a lesser-understood candidate in mediating the hormetic effects of dietary sulfur amino acid restriction (SAAR). A key feature of the ISR is the concept that a family of protein kinases phosphorylates eukaryotic initiation factor 2 (eIF2), dampening general protein synthesis to conserve cellular resources. This slowed translation simultaneously allows for preferential translation of genes with special sequence features in the 5′ leader. Among this class of mRNAs is activating transcription factor 4 (ATF4), an orchestrator of transcriptional control during nutrient stress. Several ATF4 gene targets help execute key processes affected by SAAR such as lipid metabolism, the transsulfuration pathway, and antioxidant defenses. Exploration of the canonical ISR demonstrates that eIF2 phosphorylation is not necessary for ATF4-driven changes in the transcriptome during SAAR. Additional research is needed to clarify the regulation of ATF4 and its gene targets during SAAR.
Effect of Metals Contamination on Soil Microbial Diversity, Enzymatic Activity, Organic Matter Decomposition and Nitrogen Mineralisation (A Review)

Soil is home to remarkable diversity of life from microbes to moles and a well-established ecosystem among these different organisms exists. Microorganisms either independently or in association with other organisms are playing very important role in the plant nutrients recycling. Soil metal concentrations above certain limits disrupt this ecosystem and as a result plant nutrient cycling process. Metal contamination in soils cause proportions of some groups of microorganisms to increase than the others. Compared with bacteria certain groups of fungi are less affected by soil metal pollution. Phospholipid fatty acid (PLFA) measurements in metal contaminated soils show that within bacterial population, metals are more toxic to gram-positive than gram-negative bacteria. Significant reductions in enzymatic activities occur in soils contaminated with metals and generally metals are more toxic to intra-cellular enzyme activities (e.g. dehydrogenase) than extra-cellular activities (e.g. phosphatase). Similarly, enzymes produced by bacteria are more affected by metal contamination than those produced by fungi. Organic matter decomposition and nitrogen mineralisation, which are carried out by various groups of microorganisms can also be affected by increased metal concentrations in the soils.
Ex Post and Ex Ante Coordination: Principles of Coherence in Organizations and Markets

In the traditional trade-off between internalization and externalization, economists tend to undervalue the role of intentionality (Williamson 1991) and to accord a dominant place to market coordinating devices (ex post coordination) compared to hierarchical coordinating devices (ex ante coordination). The aim of this paper is to show how the introduction of the concept of coherence, which is frequently invoked by economists in order to apprehend the firm specificities (Holmstrom 1999), may help to revaluate the trade-off between markets and firms in the advantage of the later. In particular, it will be shown that the attributes of coherence in ex post coordinating devices are fundamentally different from the ones that can be found in ex ante coordination systems.
Detect the Relationship among Energy Consumption, Economic Growth and Greenhouse Gases by Panel Data Approach

Recently, many scholars have shown their interest into the relationship among energy consumption (EC), economic growth (GDP) and pollutants emissions. The objective of this paper is to detect the relationship between EC, GDP and greenhouse gases emissions (GHG) in group of European countries; Austria, Sweden, Norway, France and Finland for data spanning from 1960 to 2011 by employing panel data approach. The important results of this empirical study show a strong relationship among the variables at 5% significance level. Moreover cross section effects model represents the data better than the period effects specification as R2 and R2 adjusted are much higher in cross section than that in period effects, and all estimated coefficients are significant in cross section estimator. In cross section effects GHG can be explained more than 86% by the explanatory variables; EC, GDP and GDP2, but in period effects can be explained only 21% by the explanatory variables. Moreover we can note that the coefficient of GDP in period effect model is (-13.11) which two times more than that in cross section effect model (-6.6). The EKC curve (inverted U shape) has been hold in both cases. However the value of turning point in period effects model (80961.11 USD) almost five times higher than that in cross section effects model (16413.88 USD). Thus policy makers should consider the EC and GDP as effected factors towards the GHG.
Eckhard Hein

In a Kaleckian monetary distribution and growth model with conflict inflation we assess the role of a Non Accelerating Inflation Rate of Unemployment (NAIRU). The short run stability of a NAIRU is examined taking into account real debt effects of accelerating and decelerating inflation, and the short run effectiveness of monetary policy interventions applying the interest rate tool is analysed. The problem of long run endogeneity of the NAIRU is addressed integrating the long run distribution effects of monetary policies’ real interest rate variations into the model. It is concluded that monetary policy interventions in order to stabilise inflation are either unnecessary or costly in terms of employment in the short run. In the long run, these policies bear the risk of continuously increasing the NAIRU in order to keep inflation under control, which yields a horizontal long run Phillips-curve and latent stagflation. Instead of relying on monetary policies, the cause of inflation should be directly addressed and wage bargaining co-ordination should be applied as an appropriate tool. JEL classification: E12, E22, E24, E25, E52
TITLE Attributions and Perceptions of Efficacy during Self-Regulated Learning by Remedial

This article addresses the role of perceived self-efficacy during selfregulated learning. Self-efficacy refers to personal beliefs about one's capabilities to behave in ways necessary to attain desired performances. A central premise is that attributions (perceived causes of academic successes and failures) are important cues used by students to assess self-efficacy for learning. A theoretical overview of self-efficacy and attribution theory is given, along with a model highlighting their role during learning. Research evidence is presented on how providing students with attributional feedback affects their self-efficacy and achievement. The importance of self-efficacy and attributions during learning is highlighted with research on comprehension strategy instruction with remedial readers. The use of learning strategies is a key feature of self-regulated learners, and evidence suggests that strategy instruction promotes self-efficacy and achievement in part through its effects on attributions. The article concludes with implications of attributional feedback and strategy instruction for self-regulated learning.
A Markov-Switching Model of Refining Margins and Inventories

We analyze the relationship between inventory and refining margins. We allow for inventories to affect the relationship between crude and gasoline prices by allowing them to affect the probability of regime change in a Markov switching-regime model of the refining margin. This allows us to identify the extent to which any asymmetries in the refining margin can be explained by “tightness” due to low inventories. This is the first paper to examine the effects of low inventory (stock-outs) on regimes in the context of Deaton and Laroque [1, 2] and, Scheinkman and Schechtman [3] theory of competitive production and storage. We allow changes in regime to be influenced by gasoline inventories. We find that low gasoline inventory (stock-out) could trigger a switch from the low margin regime to the high margin regime and also increases the likelihood of staying in the high margin regime. We show that this is consistent with the competitive production and storage theory in gasoline commodity market.
Mood and anxiety disorders in patients with cardiac arrhythmias from Lublin City and its province – pilot study

Introduction. Co-existance of heart problems with mood and anxiety disorders creates the vicious circle of activation of autonomic nervous system, somatic symptoms and unpleased emotions, on which patients focus their attention. Due to this process emotional arousal may influence electro-stability of the heart. Aim. Aim of the study was the investigation and detailed specification of mood and anxiety disorders patients living with cardiac arrhythmia according to their place of dwelling. Material and methods. The study was carried out among 75 patients with cardiac arrhythmias, from Lublin City (group I) and Lublin’s province (group II). Anxiety was measured with the IPAT Anxiety Scale Cattell, emotional control with Courtauld Emotional Control Scale – CECS by Watson, Greer and BDI – Beck Depression Inventory. Sociodemographic questionnaire gathered data concerning sex, age, place of living, level of education, maintenance and occupational situation. Results. The conducted research revealed that there is a statistical difference in depression level, no statistical difference however, between levels of anxiety and emotional control in patients with cardiac arrhythmias from Lublin City and its province. Moreover, the coexistence between specific types of arrhythmia and elements of anxiety structure was stated. Conclusions. In conclusion, should be stated that there is no difference in emotional pattern between rural and urban patients with cardiac arrhythmias. However, rural patients presents slightly increased levels of anxiety and all its components, as well as emotional control. Level of depression however, clearly differentiates both groups. Depression and free floating anxiety disorder is higher in rural citizens.
Analyzing the Effectiveness of Investment Strategies through Agent-based Modelling: Overconfident Investment Decision Making and Passive Investment Strategies

This article analyzes the effectiveness of investment strategies through agent-based modeling. In this analysis, we will focus on the performance of a passive investment strategy (which is one of the most popular investment strategies in the asset management business) under conditions where overconfident investors trade. As a result of intensive experimentation, it was concluded that overconfident investors could achieve a positive excess return in the market where there are no passive investors. However, our agent-based simulation shows that overconfident investor could not survive in a market where passive investors exist. These results suggest the effectiveness of a passive investment strategy. The results are of both academic interest and practical use. Keywords-Finance; Agent-based Modelling; Behavioral Economics; Overconfidence; Asset Management.
Zonation of Alteration Facies at Western Tharsis: Implications for the Genesis of Cu-Au Deposits, Mount Lyell Field, Western Tasmania

The Western Tharsis deposit, located in the Mount Read volcanic belt of western Tasmania, is one of 22 mainly Cu-Au deposits in the Mount Lyell district. Although the orebody at western Tharsis is characterized mainly by disseminated pyrite-chalcopyrite like most other deposits in the Mount Lyell district, it also contains bornite-rich ores characteristic of a second, less common type of deposit. The deposit is stratiform and occurs within intermediate and felsic volcanic rocks of the ~500 Ma Central Volcanic Complex. Alteration is developed broadly symmetrically around the ore zone, with an ore-bearing core characterized by a quartz-chlorite ± sericite assemblage. The core is enveloped by a quartz-pyrophyllite ± topaz ± fluorite ± zunyite ± woodhouseite assemblage with local bornite-bearing ore zones. This zone, in turn, is enveloped by a pyritic quartz-sericite assemblage. The outermost quartz-chlorite-carbonate-sericite ± albite assemblage is only developed in the stratigraphic footwall more than 200 m below the ore position. The hypogene pyrophyllite-bearing assemblage is more characteristic of high sulfidation than volcanic-hosted massive sulfide (VHMS)-related alteration assemblages. Moreover, the close relationship of this alteration assemblage with the more prevalent quartz-chlorite ± sericite assemblage associated with disseminated pyrite-chalcopyrite mineralization suggests that these two types of mineralization are two stages of one mineralizing event, not the two separate events suggested by previous authors (e.g., Arnold and Carswell, 1990). Geologic relationships and radiogenic isotope data are consistent with an Ordovician (~460 Ma) timing for Mount Lyell Cu-Au mineral deposits; this mineralization may be related to the geologic event that formed the local "Haulage unconformity. " These observations indicate a potential new exploration model for mineralization in the Mount Read volcanic belt and in surrounding Ordovician rocks.
Contrast Ratios, Colour Elements, and Polarities in Visual Acuity Measurements

This study was aimed to investigate the effects of contrast ratios, colour elements, and polarities on visual acuity measurements. The visual acuities of 18 subjects were measured using 6 different modifications of the Landolt C chart in a 4-metre LogMAR design: (M1) black-on-white [contrast ratio: 0.8]; (M2) white-on-black [contrast ratio: 0.8]; (M3) black-on-white [contrast ratio: 0.5]; (M4) yellow-on-green [contrast ratio: 0.8]; (M5) yellow-on-green [contrast ratio: 0.5]; and (M6) black-on-yellow [contrast ratio: 0.8]. Comparative analysis was performed to examine the effects of the three aforementioned parameters on visual acuity measurements. The visual acuities were found to be significantly different between the contrast ratios of 0.5 and 0.8, regardless of whether colour elements were present (black-on-white) or otherwise (yellow-on-green) [Friedman test: c2 (3) = 24.24, p < 0.05]. Interestingly, the LogMAR score was found to be significantly different between the yellow-on-green and black-on-yellow chart designs when the contrast ratio remained constant at 0.8 [Wilcoxon signed-rank test: z = 2.950, p < 0.05]. However, the effect of contrast polarity (positive/ negative) on visual acuity was not significant when the contrast ratio was fixed at 0.8 [Wilcoxon signed-rank test: z = 0.318, p > 0.05]. A lower contrast ratio and mid-range wavelength colour reduced visual acuity. The effect of contrast polarity without colour elements on visual acuity was negligible.
Prevalence of enterotoxins B and C in clinical isolates of Staphylococcus aureus from Southwest of Iran

Introduction: Staphylococcus aureus enterotoxins play an important role in the incidence of food poisoning and various other syndromes are occurred such as staphylococcal scalded skin syndrome and toxic shock syndrome. Objectives: The purpose of the present study was to investigate the frequency of enterotoxin B and C genes among S. aureus isolates from clinical samples obtained from inpatients of a hospital by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study conducted during the period July to December 2015. Clinical samples including blood, urine, wounds and nasal mucosa samples were collected from a hospital in Ahvaz, southwest of Iran and screened for S. aureus strains by several phenotypic and biochemical tests. A total of 132 clinical samples were collected from which 60 samples were infected with the S. aureus strains. Then PCR assay was carried out to determine the entB and entC genes prevalence among these isolates. Results: Molecular analysis revealed that only 8 (13.3%) isolates harbored the entB and/or entC genes. Five strains (8.3%) contained only entB gene, 2 strains (3.3%) contained entC gene and only one strain (1.7%) was simultaneously positive for both entB and entC genes. There was no significant difference among various age groups regarding enterotoxin genes (P=0.551). Conclusion: These results demonstrated that enterotoxin-producing strains have a relatively low incidence in clinical samples in understudy hospital, but monitoring of their prevalence is necessary in regular screening programs in order to find the possible increase in their prevalence and prevention of their outcomes.
A distance protection algorithm based on recursive minimum mean-square estimation

The paper explores an alternative algorithm for line distance protection based on the combined use of Kalman filter and recursive minimum mean-square estimation. The main advantages of the proposed method consist of great robustness and ultra-high-speed in the fault localization in both 50 Hz and 60 Hz systems. The involved parameters, i.e. the resistance and inductance of the portion of the power line between the relay and fault location, is calculated by processing the acquired sampled signals received at the terminations of the relay as given from the voltage and current measurement transformers. A description on how to use the proposed techniques to estimate the fault parameters is properly described.
Stability Analysis of a Multigroup SEIR Epidemic Model with General Latency Distributions

The global stability of a multigroup SEIR epidemic model with general latency distribution and general incidence rate is investigated. Under the given assumptions, the basic reproduction number is defined and proved as the role of a threshold; that is, the disease-free equilibrium is globally asymptotically stable if , while an endemic equilibrium exists uniquely and is globally asymptotically stable if . For the proofs, we apply the classical method of Lyapunov functionals and a recently developed graph-theoretic approach.
Deficit Irrigation as a Strategy to Save Water： Physiology and Potential Application to Horticulture

Water is an increasingly scarce resource worldwide and irrigated agriculture remains one of the largest and most inefficient users of this resource. Low water use efficiency (WUE) together with an increased competition for water resources with other sectors (e.g. tourism or industry) are forcing growers to adopt new irrigation and cultivation practices that use water more judiciously. In areas with dry and hot climates, drip irrigation and protected cultivation have improved WUE mainly by reducing runoff and evapotranspiration losses. However, complementary approaches are still needed to increase WUE in irrigated agriculture. Deficit irrigation strategies like regulated deficit irrigation or partial root drying have emerged as potential ways to increase water savings in agriculture by allowing crops to withstand mild water stress with no or only marginal decreases of yield and quality. Grapevine and several fruit tree crops seem to be well adapted to deficit irrigation, but other crops like vegetables tend not to cope so well due to losses in yield and quality. This paper aims at providing an overview of the physiological basis of deficit irrigation strategies and their potential for horticulture by describing the major consequences of their use to vegetative growth, yield and quality of different crops (fruits, vegetables and ornamentals).
A Compound Option Model of Production and Intermediate Inventories

This article extends the option approach to valuing real assets by modeling the firm as a two-stage process with bounded output rates, in which the output of the first stage may be held as work-in-process. In this setting, the real asset becomes a compound option, which, if exercised, gives the option to finish the work-in-process and sell the output as its final payoff. The existence of intermediate inventories may arise as an optimal investment strategy for exploiting possible future price increases. The framework allows us to analyze the effect of uncertainty on output rates and the effect of interest rates changes on inventory levels. Copyright 1993 by University of Chicago Press.
Wealth-Income Ratios in a Small, Developing Economy: Sweden, 1810–2014

This study uses new data on Swedish national wealth over the last two hundred years to examine whether the patterns in wealth-income ratios found by Piketty and Zucman (2014) extend to small and less developed economies. The findings reveal both similarities and differences. During the industrialization era, Sweden's domestic wealth was relatively low because of low saving rates and instead foreign capital imports became important. Twentieth century trends and levels are more similar, but in Sweden government wealth grew more important, not least through its relatively large public pension system. Overall, the findings suggest that initial conditions and economic and political institutions matter for the structure and evolution of national wealth.