Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Social Sentiment and Stock Trading via Mobile Phones

What happens when uninformed investors trade stocks via mobile phones? Do they react to social sentiment differently than more informed traders in traditional trading? Based on 16,817 data observations and econometric analysis for the trading of 251 equities in Korea over 39 days, we present evidence of herding behavior among uninformed traders in the mobile channel. The results indicate that mobile traders seem more easily swayed by changing social sentiment. In addition, stock trading in the traditional channel probably influences sentiment formation in the market overall. Mobile traders follow signals in social media suggesting that they engage in less beneficial herding behavior, based on evidence that we obtained for the occurrence of more negative feedback trading. This allows us to offer a new interpretation of how mobile channel stock trading works, and open a new portal for analytics with digital data related to the trading behavior of different investors.
COMERCIO ELECTRÓNICO DE PRENDAS DE VESTIR COMO ALTERNATIVA DE EMPRENDIMIENTO

Emprendimiento se deriva del termino entrepreneur, que significa estar listo a tomar decisiones o iniciar algo, aprovechando las oportunidades con ideas innovadoras. Existen diversos tipos de emprendimientos, pero uno de los mas importantes en la epoca reciente lo constituye el comercio electronico. Este hace referencia a las transacciones de compra ventas realizadas mediante internet. El objetivo de la presente investigacion consistio en analizar el comercio electronico como alternativa de emprendimiento. El trabajo inicio buscando informacion en bases de datos ISI Web of Knowledge y Google academico para conocer el estado de arte del tema a nivel mundial. Se efectuo la corrida financiera y especificamente un analisis comparativo en relacion a la TIR, entre dos alternativas de emprendimiento electronico y posteriormente se utilizo el programa SPSS para determinar el cumplimento de los criterios de parametricidad. Posteriormente se aplico la prueba U de Mann Whitney en virtud de haber detectado incumplimiento de dichos criterios y tambien se realizo el analisis de riesgo mediante la metodologia FODA para detectar las estrategias a seguir y potenciar de esta forma la rentabilidad y seguridad del emprendimiento. Encontramos que el comercio electronico es una alternativa de emprendimiento con una rentabilidad exitosa y riesgos moderados.
Efficacy of a recombinant Norwalk virus protein enzyme immunoassay for the diagnosis of infections with Norwalk virus and other human “candidate” caliciviruses

A recombinant Norwalk virus antigen enzyme immunoassay (rNV EIA) for the detection of Norwalk virus (NV) antibodies was evaluated using sera from volunteers and patients infected with Norwalk, Hawaii, Snow Mountain Agent, small round structured viruses (SRSV), and human calicivirus (HuCV) strains. The results for NV antibodies correlated well with previous results obtained using a NV radioimmunoassay. The test rNV EIA was found to be highly specific for NV. The results of tests on sera obtained from patients involved in confirmed outbreaks of SRSV in the UK showed that only 1/12 was due to Norwalk virus. Further evidence is presented that SRSV strain UK2 is antigenically related to NV.
Contractions induced by a calcium‐triggered release of calcium from the sarcoplasmic reticulum of single skinned cardiac cells.

1. Fragments of single cardiac cells were obtained by homogenization of ventricular tissue from adult rats. Remaining pieces of sacrolemma were removed by micro‐dissection. Tension was recorded from the ends of the skinned (sarcolemma‐free) cells with a photodiode force transducer. 2. In the presence of a strong buffering of the free [Ca2+] with 4‐0 mM total EGTA, a tonic tension was obtained that increased according to t sigmoid curve when the free ([Ca2+] was increased from 10(−6–75)M to 10(−5–0)M. This curve was not modified by the destruction of the sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) by the detergent Brij 58. Therefore, the tonic tension corresponded to the direct effect of the free [Ca2+] present in the buffer on the myofilaments. 3. In the presence of a slight buffering of the free [Ca2+] with 0–050 mM total EGTA, cyclic contractions were observed that were attributed to cyclic releases and re‐sequestrations of Ca2+ by the SR. The absence of effect of azide and ruthenium red on the cyclic contractions obtained at a free [Ca2+] lower than 10(−6–50)M demonstrated that the mitochondria played no role in the triggering of these contractions. 4. Cyclic contractions were induced by a slight variation of free [Ca2+] in the buffer from 10(−7–65)M to 10(−7–40)M. Their amplitude at 10(−7–40)M free Ca2+ was equal to the tonic tension developed by a free [Ca2+] 20 times higher applied to the myofilaments when the SR was destroyed by detergent or functionally inhibited by high total [EGTA]. It was concluded that these cyclic contractions corresponded to a Ca2+‐triggered release of Ca2+ from the SR. 5. The cyclic contractions were induced by the filling of the SR with Ca2+ to a critical level at which it released a fraction of the Ca2+ it contained. Each contraction was followed by a re‐sequestration of Ca2+, the kinetics of which conditioned the duration of the cycles. 6. The amplitude of the cyclic contractions increased when the free [Ca2+] that triggered them was increased. This gradation was deemed incompatible with a simple regenerative process, which should produce an all‐or‐nothing response. Additional process, such as a modulation of the Ca2+ release by free [Mg2+] and [ADP] may help to explain the gradation of the contractions. 7. It was concluded that a Ca2+‐triggered release of Ca2+ from the SR of rat ventricular cells may amplify the Ca2+ flux crossing the sarcolemma during the plateau of the action potential, thereby permitting the activation of the myofilaments.
How many patients do we need for a clinical trial? Demystifying sample size calculations

Determining the number of subjects required for a study is a critical component when planning a research project. An adequate number of patients are needed in order to be able to answer the research question of interest with a degree of certainty. In this paper, the information that is required for determining the sample size is described. The primary aim is to demystify the sample size section in published clinical trials. Some of the difficulties in determining the sample size correctly are also highlighted and some good practices recommended.
Population pharmacokinetics of ospemifene and safety evaluation of pharmacokinetic alterations caused by intrinsic and extrinsic factors .

PURPOSE To develop a population pharmacokinetic (PPK) model to assess factors influencing ospemifene pharmacokinetics and to assess safety for pharmacokinetic alteration observed in drug development. METHOD A PPK model was constructed using pooled ospemifene concentrations. Covariates considered before start of the analysis were: age, race, body weight, BMI, albumin, alanine amino-transferase, bilirubin, and creatinine clearance. The expected distribution of ospemifene concentration was derived for the 4 cases in phase-1 studies that increased ospemifene exposure: administration to severe renal impairment subjects (case 1), administration to moderate hepatic impairment subjects (case 2), coadministration with ketoconazole (case 3), or coadministration with fluconazole (case 4). Safety information in a long-term safety trial was used to assess the potential changes in risk of adverse events with ospemifene-exposure increase. RESULTS The PPK parameter estimates were 9.16 L/h for CL/F, 34.3 L for V2/F, 16.4 L/h for Q/F, 250 L for V3/F, and 0.522 h-1 for ka, based on the final model. Distributions of estimated AUC in a phase-3 study largely covered the expected distribution for case 1, case 2, or case 3, but did not overlap the expected distribution for case 4. The incidences of adverse events were not associated with ospemifene exposure in the long-term safety study. CONCLUSIONS We developed an ospemifene PPK model and identified no relevant covariate in the PPK analysis. The drug appears safe to use in renal impairment, moderate hepatic impairment, and when coadministered with ketoconazole. Ospemifene should not be administered with fluconazole.
Role of Body Size in the Relation Between Muscle Strength and Movement Performance

JARIC, S. Role of body size in the relation between muscle strength and movement performance. Exerc. Sport Sci. Rev., Vol. 31, No. 1, pp. 8–12, 2003. Body size relates differently on the outcome of various tests of muscle strength and movement performance. Thus the estimation of functional performance from tests of muscle strength, and vice versa , should be based on the normalization of both muscle strength and movement performance.
The parameters of the ageing kidney

More recently more precise data have been obtained in cases having specific renal lesions (Bialestock, 1960; Baxter, 1961 ; Paatela, 1963). In 1963, Oliver and MacDowell measured the parameters of the glomeruli and proximal convoluted tubules in man and dog and determined an anatomical relation between them that they designated the " r " value. Furthermore, the " r '' value or ratio between glomerular surface area and proximal tubular volume was also found to be well correlated with physiological function (Bradley et al., 1963). Reinvestigating and modifying the methods of Oliver and MacDowell, Fetterman et al. (1963, 1965) and Darmady et ul. (1964) produced detailed studies of glomerular and proximal convoluted tubular growth from term to 18 yr. They also measured a series of cases of Lignac Fanconi disease and nephrogenic diabetes insipidus.
Starvation Triggers the Delivery of the Endoplasmic Reticulum to the Vacuole via Autophagy in Yeast

Autophagy is a survival mechanism necessary for eukaryotic cells to overcome nutritionally challenged environments. When autophagy is triggered, cells degrade nonselectively engulfed cytosolic proteins and free ribosomes that are evenly distributed throughout the cytoplasm. The resulting pool of free amino acids is used to sustain processes crucial for survival. Here we characterize an autophagic degradation of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) under starvation conditions in addition to cytosolic protein degradation. Golgi membrane protein was not engulfed by the autophagosome under the same conditions, indicating that the uptake of ER by autophagosome was the specific event. Although the ER exists in a network structure that is mutually connected and resides predominantly around the nucleus and beneath the plasma membrane, most of autophagosome engulfed ER. The extent of the ER uptake by autophagy was nearly identical to that of the soluble cytosolic proteins. This phenomenon was explained by the appearance of fragmented ER membrane structures in almost all autophagosomes. Furthermore, ER dynamism is required for this process: ER uptake by autophagosomes occurs in an actin‐dependent manner.
Measuring Paper Water Content of Transformers: A New Approach Using Cellulose Isotherms in Nonequilibrium Conditions

In this paper, we discuss a better method to measure the paper water content of transformers using cellulose isotherms. The advantage of the new method is that the transformer oil and cellulosic insulation do not need to be in thermodynamic equilibrium. Instead, the temperature needs to be cycling in order to determine when the direction of water migration, whether out of or into the oil changes. The reversal in water migration can be used to determine the vapor pressure of the water adsorbed by the cellulose. This method was tested using 12 different conditions similar to those within a normally operating transformer. The results showed close agreement when this method is used. The significance is that isotherm equations can now be used even when insulation media are not in equilibrium.
Effectiveness of nurse-initiated interventions on patient outcomes in the emergency department: a systematic review protocol.

REVIEW QUESTION/OBJECTIVE The objective is to evaluate the effectiveness of nurse-initiated interventions (NIIs) on patient outcomes in the emergency department (ED). More specifically, the objectives are to identify the effectiveness of NIIs, including but not limited to, nurse-initiated medications, nurse-initiated intravenous fluid therapy and nurse-initiated pathology on patient waiting time, time to treatment, length of stay, pain levels, symptom relief, patient satisfaction, leave without being seen rates and mortality rates in ED settings.
Nouvelles méthodes statistiques. L'exemple de Rabelais

Nous avons eu l'occasion d'aborder l'oeuvre de Rabelais au moment du cinquieme centenaire celebre en 1994. Sur l'initiative de Marie-Luce Demonet et sous son controle, nous avions alors assure la realisation technique d'un cederom, consacre a l'auteur de Gargantua . Les fonctions documentaires et statistiques se donnent libre cours dans cet hypertexte, dont la version Internet est toujours disponible. Si nous ravivons aujourd'hui cette recherche, c'est qu'en quelques annees d'etonnants progres ont vu le jour, non seulement dans l'appareillage informatique, mais aussi dans les approches methodologiques. Jusqu'ici les resultats dont la lexicometrie pouvait s'honorer ne concernaient guere que le vocabulaire, entendu dans son acception la plus pauvre et la plus fruste : un ensemble de graphies rencontrees dans un texte. Malgre les recommandations et l'exemple de Charles Muller, rares etaient les etudes qui traitaient des donnees lemmatisees et qui ouvraient ainsi l'acces a la syntaxe, a la semantique et aux faits de style. De telles donnees existent maintenant.
ORIGINAL ARTICLE: Severe hyponatraemia in elderly hospitalized patients: prevalence, aetiology and outcome

Background: Hyponatraemia is the commonest electrolyte disorder in the elderly. Data on severe hyponatraemia and the prevalence of cerebral salt wasting syndrome (CSWS) in elderly hospitalized patients are lacking. We studied the incidence, frequency of various aetiologies, outcome and the possible role of CSWS in severe hyponatraemia in elderly medical patients.
Abstract: The Effects of Botulinum Toxin A on Fibrotic Activity and Cell Cycle Modulation in Keloid Fibroblast

MATERIALS AND METHODS: 14 patients underwent scar revision were enrolled for this study. All patients were treated with combined a 10,600 nm AFL and 595 nm PDL. The laser treatments were performed 2 weeks after scar revision surgery, which is the early remodeling phase, at 4 weeks intervals. Four treatments were performed. Vancouver Scar Scale (VSS) scores were evaluated before treatment and 5 months after final laser treatment.
Approximating User's Intention for Search Engine Queries

Documents on the internet are not organized in a way that eases search and retrieval by users using search engines. The user of the search engine is typically overwhelmed by the size of the returned result and does not normally look beyond the first few pages of result. Knowing that the majority of search engines are term-based, this information retrieval problem is caused by two issues: (1) query articulation issue; where the user is not capable of expressing his information need well, and (2) semantic gap issue where the search engine may not be able to retrieve semantically relevant documents. In this paper we introduce a solution that addresses these issues through semantic enrichment and query reformulation. Our solution approximates the user’s intention in order to return better search results. Experiments show significant enhancement in search results over traditional keyword-based search engines’ results and over selected semantic search engines.
Active sensor configuration validation for refrigeration systems

Major faults in the commissioning phase of refrigeration systems are caused by defects related to sensors. With a number of similar sensors available that do not differ by type but only by spatial location in the plant, interchange of sensors is a common defect. With sensors being used quite differently by the control system, fault-finding is difficult in practice and defects are regularly causing commissioning delays at considerable expense. Validation and handling of faults in the sensor configuration are therefore essential to cut costs during commissioning. With passive fault-diagnosis methods falling short on this problem, this paper suggests an active diagnosis procedure to isolate sensor faults at the commissioning stage, before normal operation has started. Using statistical methods, residuals are evaluated versus multiple hypothesis models in a minimization process to uniquely identify the sensor configuration. The method as such is generic and is shown in the paper to work convincingly on refrigeration systems with significant nonlinear behaviors.
Latent effects of early life stage exposure to triclosan on survival in fathead minnows, Pimephales promelas

ABSTRACT The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of early life stage triclosan (5-chloro-2-(2,4, dichlorophenoxy)phenol, TCS) exposure on hatching, development, and survival in the fathead minnow, Pimephales promelas. Embryonic minnows were exposed to TCS (50 and 100 µg L−1) for 10 days followed by 6 weeks depuration. Mortality and morphological deformities were recorded and quantified during exposure and at the end of depuration. No significant effects on embryonic survival, time to reach the eyed stage, or hatching were found. However, at the conclusion of the depuration period, survival was significantly reduced in TCS exposed fish depending on the concentration. Visual inspection of the exposed fish suggests that mortality is related to spinal deformities, emaciation, and reduced foraging ability. Triclosan exhibits deleterious effects in fish at lower concentrations over longer durations than previously reported. Further, mortality in exposed fish 6 weeks after exposure demonstrates the need for various exposure assays to evaluate effects of TCS.
Pancreas after living donor kidney transplants in diabetic patients: impact on long‐term kidney graft function

Abstract: In this single‐institution study, we compared outcomes in diabetic recipients of living donor (LD) kidney transplants that did vs. did not undergo a subsequent pancreas transplant. Of 307 diabetic recipients who underwent LD kidney transplants from January 1, 1995, through December 31, 2003, a total of 175 underwent a subsequent pancreas after kidney (PAK) transplant; 75 were deemed eligible (E) for, but did not receive (for personal or financial reasons), a PAK, and thus had a kidney transplant alone (KTA); and 57 deemed ineligible (I) for a PAK because of comorbidity also had just a KTA. We analyzed the three groups (PAK, KTA‐E, KTA‐I) for differences in patient characteristics, glycemic control, renal function, patient and kidney graft survival rates, and causes of death. Kidney graft survival rates (actuarial) were similar in the PAK vs. KTA‐E groups at one, five, and 10 yr post‐transplant: 98%, 82%, and 67% (PAK) vs. 100%, 84%, and 62% (KTA‐E) (p = 0.9). The long‐term (greater than four yr post‐transplant) estimated glomerular filtration rate (GFR) was higher in the PAK than in the KTA‐E group: 53 ± 20 mL/min (PAK) vs. 43 ± 16 mL/min (KTA‐E) (p = 0.016). The patient survival rates were also similar for the PAK and KTA‐E groups. We conclude that the subsequent transplant of a pancreas after an LD kidney transplant does not adversely affect patient or kidney graft survival rates; in fact, it is associated with better long‐term kidney graft function.
e-Gibalec: Mobile application to monitor and encourage physical activity in schoolchildren

We present the e-Gibalec system, designed to encourage schoolchildren towards a more active lifestyle. The system consists of a mobile application that, through sensors built into the smartphone, detects children’s physical activity and rewards them in a game-like manner. It also consists of a web application that allows the parents and physical education teachers to look at the children’s physical activity history, so they can further motivate them if needed. We discuss the motivational mechanisms employed in the system, provide an evaluation of the accuracy of the activity-recognition component, and present a pilot study that measured the effect of our system on a sample schoolchildren population.
Characterization of the Metabolic Interaction between Trihalomethanes and Chloroacetic Acids using Rat Liver Microsomes

The aim of this study was to investigate the in vitro metabolism of trihalomethanes (THMs) in the presence of trichloroacetic acid (TCA), dichloracetic acid (DCA), monochloroacetic acid (MCA), and 4-methylpyrazole (4-MP) using liver microsomes from male Sprague-Dawley rats. Using the vial equilibration technique, initial experiments were carried out with starting concentrations of approximately 40 ppm THMs and 12–22 mMchloroacetic acids.The results indicated a mutual metabolic inhibition between THMs present as binary or quaternary mixtures. Although DCA and MCA had no influence on THMs, TCA produced a marked inhibition of the metabolism of all THMs: chloroform (CHCl3) (55%), bromodichloromethane (BDCM) (34%), dibromochloromethane (DBCM) (30%), and bromoform (TBM) (23%). The presence of 4-MP also reduced THM metabolism, the importance of which decreased in the following order: CHCl3 > BDCM > DBCM = TBM. In further vial equilibration experiments, using 9–140 ppm as starting concentrations of THMs, enzyme kinetic parameters (i.e., Michaelis constant, K m, and maximum velocity, V max) were determined both in the absence and in the presence of TCA (12.2 mM). Results are consistent with a competitive inhibition between TCA and CHCl3, whereas the metabolic inhibition of BDCM and TMB by TCA was non-competitive. As for DBCM, results suggest a more complex pattern of inhibition. These results suggest that CYP2E1 is involved in the metabolism of THMs as well as in the metabolic interaction between THMs and TCA. We thank Mylène Beaudoin for her excellent technical assistance during this study. This work was supported by the Toxic Substances Research Initiative (TSRI) of Health Canada and Environment Canada
Human malignant osteopetrosis: Pathophysiology, management and the role of bone marrow transplantation

Abstract: steopetrosis is a heterogeneous group of diseases characterized by lack of osteoclast function. Osteopetrosis is found spontaneously in most mammalian species and many transgenic animals have been created, but so far no animal model has been found that genetically corresponds to human malignant autosomal recessive osteopetrosis. The only curative treatment for malignant osteopetrosis is bone marrow transplantation. A review of the literature and preliminary data from IBMTR shows that infants transplanted with marrow from an HLA‐identical sibling or unrelated volunteer donor have an actuarian five‐year survival with a functioning graft of 50–70%, while those transplanted with a T‐cell‐depleted mismatched marrow have a very poor survival of only about 10%.
Robust averaging during perceptual judgment is not optimal

de Gardelle and Summerfield (1) claimed that, when judging the mean of a set of stimuli, it is optimal to downweight outliers, and that human subjects follow this robust averaging strategy. Here, we show that, in their task, the optimal observer would equally weight all observations. In ref. 1, subjects were presented with a set of eight colors that are denoted by a vector x = (x1, …, x8) and drawn independently from a Gaussian distribution on a red–blue color axis with variance σ2 and mean of either μ (blue) or −μ (red). On a given trial, μ was set randomly to one of two values, and σ2 was set randomly to one of three values. The subject indicated whether the mean was blue (C = 1) or red (C = −1). When the prior probabilities are equal, the optimal decision is based on the likelihoods of both options [i.e., p(x|C = 1) and p(x|C=−1)]. Because μ and σ2 are unknown to the observer, the optimal observer computes these likelihoods by averaging (marginalizing) over all six possibilities (Eq. 1):