Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
THE EFFECT OF DIYALA RIVER DRAIN ON THE ENVIRONMENT AND THE TWO TYPES OF IRAQI FISH IN THE TIGRIS RIVER

The present study was conducted to determine the effect of the Diyalariverestuary on the environment and life of two local economic fish, the Barbus xanthopterus and the Barbus grypus in the Tigris River south of Baghdad for the period 2017 until January 2018. Two study sites were selected as shown in Fig. 1, and water and fish samples were collected monthly for the duration of the study. On-site and monthly differences of some physical and chemical properties of water were observed in the current study. The highest temperature of water was 31.3°C in July 2017 at the second location and the lowest temperature of 8.6 °C in January 2018 at the first location, and the ranges of dissolved oxygen concentration between the lowest value of 2.3 mg /l in July 2017 for the second location and the highest value 10.2 Mg / l in January 2018 for the first site, PH values were recorded in ranges between 6.9 to 7.6 for the first position and from 5.5 to 6.7 at the second site. Salinity of the water ranged from 0.3 to 0.5 g / L at the first location and 0.5 to 1 g / L for the second site. 18.9 to 36.5 units of naphthalene cyst in the first location and 26.6 to 57.3 units of naphthalene as the second site, and the oxygen requirement for water was recorded between 0.6 to 2.5 mg / L at the first location and 4.8 to 15.2 mg / L at the second site. Some blood serum enzymes were measured by blood enzymes and their concentrations in the Barbus xanthopterus fish ranged in enzyme Glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase (GOT) from 38.0 to 875.9 U / L and enzyme Glutamic pyruvic transaminase (GPT) between 1.6 to 26.4 U / L and enzyme Alkaline phosphatase (ALP) 9.4 to 83.7 U / L and enzyme Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) from 104.3 to 1051.8 U / L, while the Barbus grypus fish concentrations with enzyme (GOT) ranges between 63.6 to 617.8 U / L and enzyme (GPT) from 5.5 to 27.9 U / L and enzyme (ALP) between 3 and 95.2 U / L and enzyme (LDH) enzyme between 175.7 to 936.7 U / L. The current results showed that the concentrations of blood enzymes of the Barbus xanthopterus fish and the Barbus grypus fish in the second station increased in hot months and decreased in the cold months. Current results indicate that there are clear effects of the Diyala water drain at the Tigris River in the second location and therefore there have been significant impacts on the environment and some biological and physiological characteristics of the two fish of the current study.
Efficiency of Switchgrass (Panicum virgatum L.) Cultivation in the Ukrainian Forest-Steppe Zone and Development of Its New Lines

M.M. Gryshko National Botanical Garden, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, 1,Tymiryazevska Str. , Kyiv, 02000, Ukraine Poltava State Agrarian Academy, Ministry of Education and Science of Ukraine, 1/3, Skovorody Str. , Poltava, 36003, Ukraine Institute of Food Biotechnology and Genomics, National Academy of Science of Ukraine, 2a, Osypovskoho Str. , Kyiv, 04123, Ukraine Educational and Scientific Centre “Institute of Biology and Medicine”, Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, 2, Academika Glushkova Ave., Kyiv, 03022, Ukraine
The effect of marine growth and damage severity on the modal parameters of offshore wind turbine supporting structures: an experimental study

This contribution investigates the effect of marine growth and damage severity on the modal parameters of a scaled experimental model of a monopile used in supporting offshore wind turbines. A quick glimpse of the literature review reveals that this topic has not been well investigated as the majority of previous research focuses on the effect of marine growth on the hydrodynamic loads transferred to the test structure, with little focus on its effect on the modal parameters of a structure. Nevertheless, from a monitoring standpoint, it is important to differentiate between the effect of marine growth and damage on the modal parameters, especially when these parameters are used as damage indicators, further improving existing structural health monitoring techniques in determining if the changes observed in modal parameters are caused by actual damage rather than the growth of marine organisms with time. The results provided in this contribution provide differences between the effect of marine growth and damage, which is recommended to be included in current monitoring techniques. Furthermore, a recommendation to investigate the effect of damage on damping and, possibly, the potential of using changes in damping characteristics as damage indicators is also made.
EVALUATION OF THE ACTIVITY OF THE ALCOHOL EXTRACTS, NANOMOLECULES AND GREEN SILVER NANOPARTICLES OF THE PLANT SALVIA OFFICINALIS AND CINNAMON IN TREATING AFLATOXIN B1 FROM ASPERGILLUS FLAVUS IN CONTAMINATED POULTRY FEED

This study included obtaining isolate of AFB1 producing Aspergillus flavus from the Department of Plant Protection, College of Agricultural Engineering Sciences of the University of Baghdad. The inhibitory activity of Salvia officinalis (Sage) leaves and cinnamon alcoholic extract at (5 and 10%) as individually pattern against the fungi isolate as well as the inhibitor activity of Sage nanomolecules (SNMs) and Cinnamon nanomolecules (CNMs) at concentration of 5μg/100 ml produced from mechanical grinding of the plants powder, green silver nanoparticles of sage leaf extract (SAgNPs) at a concentration of 208.75 ppm and green silver nanoparticles of the cinnamon extract (CAgNPs) at concentration of 252.3 ppm. Results exhibited greater (P d”0.01) growth inhibition with 100, 100, 83.53, 89.41, 97.53 and 99.77% respectively as compared with the control group. Feed that contaminated with AFB1 were treated with either sage (10%) or Cinnamon (5%) leaves alcoholic extract as well as with SNMs (5 μg/Kg feed), CNMs (5 μg/Kg feed), SAgNPs (208.75 ppm), CAgNPs (252.3 ppm) Four weeks incubation period. Detection of AFB1 was done using a high performance liquid chromatography technique (HPLC). Results observed absence of AFB1 in treated samples as com [ared with the control group (presence of 38 ppb AFB1). It can be concluded that plant extracts and green silver nanoparticles have highly inhibited activity against A.flavus that can be used as good alternatives of harmful fungicides to public health.
University of Birmingham Comparison of nine platelet function tests used to determine responses to different aspirin dosages in people with type 2 Diabetes

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Accountability in the Decentralised-Adversary Setting

A promising paradigm in protocol design is to hold parties accountable for misbehavior, instead of postulating that they are trustworthy. Recent approaches in defining this property, called accountability, characterized malicious behavior as a deviation from the protocol that causes a violation of the desired security property, but did so under the assumption that all deviating parties are controlled by a single, centralized adversary. In this work, we investigate the setting where multiple parties can deviate with or without coordination in a variant of the applied-$\pi$ calculus.We first demonstrate that, under realistic assumptions, it is impossible to determine all misbehaving parties; however, we show that accountability can be relaxed to exclude causal dependencies that arise from the behavior of deviating parties, and not from the protocol as specified. We map out the design space for the relaxation, point out protocol classes separating these notions and define conditions under which we can guarantee fairness and completeness. Most importantly, we discover under which circumstances it is correct to consider accountability in the single-adversary setting, where this property can be verified with off-the-shelf protocol verification tools.
Flow dynamics of complex fluids using numerical methods

Modelling can be done by means of theory, laboratory prototypes, or numerical methods and various techniques often these theoretical models often use, especially in complicated many-body problems, macroscopic equations to describe the physical phenomenon at hand, thereby neglecting many microscopic details of the system. Numerical methods usually lack this problem, and they are normally inexpensive in comparison with laboratory experiments. Numerical methods also provide efficient benchmarks for theoretical models. They can address details of complex phenomena that can be difficult for theory as well as for experiments.
Global discovery of human-infective RNA viruses

RNA viruses are a leading cause of human infectious diseases and the prediction of where new RNA viruses are likely to be discovered is a significant public health concern. Here, we geocoded the first peer-reviewed reports of 223 human RNA viruses. Using a boosted regression tree model, we matched these virus data with 33 explanatory factors related to natural virus distribution and research effort to predict the probability of virus discovery across the globe in 2010–2019. Stratified analyses by virus transmissibility and transmission mode were also performed. The historical discovery of human RNA viruses has been concentrated in eastern North America, Europe, central Africa, eastern Australia, and north-eastern South America. The virus discovery can be predicted by a combination of socio-economic, land use, climate, and biodiversity variables. Remarkably, vector-borne viruses and strictly zoonotic viruses are more associated with climate and biodiversity whereas non-vector-borne and human transmissible viruses are more associated with GDP and urbanization. The areas with the highest predicted probability for 2010–2019 include three new regions including East and Southeast Asia, India, and Central America, which likely reflect both increasing surveillance and diversity of their virome. Our findings can inform priority regions for investment in surveillance systems for new human RNA viruses. identified three new areas (East and Southeast Asia, India, and Central America) in addition to the historical high-risk areas. The further stratified analyses (distinguishing viruses transmissible in humans or strictly zoonotic, and vector-borne or non-vector-borne) helped pinpoint the explanatory factors for the discovery of specific categories of viruses and confirm the plausibility of the model. The results of our study further understanding of the spatial distribution of human RNA virus discovery, and maps the likelihood of further discoveries across the world. By identifying where new viruses are most likely to be discovered in the near future the study helps identify priority areas for surveillance.
Source Activity Modeling of Freon® Emissions from Open-Top Vapor Degreasers

Abstract Freon® emissions from vapor degreasing operations at an electronics manufacturing firm were studied. Freon concentrations were measured at nine locations around two open-top vapor degreasers (OTVDs) while simultaneous activity observations were made. Concentration measurements were obtained using both charcoal tube/gas chromatographic and Tedlar bag/infrared absorption methods. Advective air flow was found to influence the concentration pattern in the sampling area surrounding the degreasers. Because of this, the box model and an advective-diffusion model were used to translate area concentration measurements into emission rates. Regression analysis between emission rates and activity factors was used to develop emission factors for the degreasing operation. The two models gave very similar estimates of the total emissions from the two degreasers. The average emission predicted by the box model for the 6 hours with bag and charcoal-tube data was 74 g/hour, very close to the 95 g/hour predicted by.
Predictors of Physical and Mental Health in Healthcare Teams Working with COVID-19 patients: a scoping review protocol.

Introduction: As a result of the current pandemic (COVID-19), many clinical teams are exposed to stressful situations that may lead to physical and mental issues for clinical staff themselves (we exclude the effects of personal infection with the virus). Recent studies suggest some predictors could depend on context, notably country and the type of the health system. Methods and Analysis: This protocol was follows using the PRISMA-ScR guideline (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses extension for Scoping Reviews), which was revised and approved by the research team. This study aims to identify factors and evidence of the physical, behavioural and mental consequences of sustained clinical practice in a continuing pandemic. Our research seeks to fill this gap in the literature, and the results may suggest to governments, healthcare authorities and healthcare providers appropriate measures to mitigate risks to healthcare workers during a pandemic response. Dissemination and ethics: The current research design is based on the use of publicly available information and does not require ethical approval. The findings will be disseminated in conferences. Results will be published and additionally shared with relevant local and national authorities.
Genotypic and antimicrobial resistance characterizations of Cronobacter sakazakii isolated from powdered milk infant formula: A comparison between domestic and imported products

Abstract Cronobacter sakazakii, an opportunistic foodborne pathogen and a main cause of meningitis in neonates, is usually isolated from powdered milk infant formula (PMIF). At the present study, C. sakazakii were isolated from imported and domestically produced PMIF samples and identified by detection of ompA gene using real‐time PCR SYBR green melting curve following the evaluation of antimicrobial susceptibility and genotyping of the isolates employing BOX‐PCR and RAPD methods. We detected totally 5% contamination rate and a significantly higher prevalence of C. sakazakii in bulky imported domestically packaged PMIF samples. Also, our isolates were recognized as multidrug‐resistant pathogen completely resistant to ampicillin and amoxicillin; and intermediately resistant to ciprofloxacin and tetracycline antimicrobials. Genotype clustering patterns of bulky imported and imported product isolates were identical by both genotyping methods. Far genetic relatedness of domestic isolate to other isolates and the reference strain indicated higher genetic diversity of the domestic isolate genome. Multidrug resistance and diverse population genetic make complicated situation for determination of strategies for infectious disease prevention.
Present Status and Future Management Strategies for Sugarcane Yellow Leaf Virus: A Major Constraint to the Global Sugarcane Production

Sugarcane yellow leaf virus (SCYLV) is a distinct member of the Polerovirus genus of the Luteoviridae family. SCYLV is the major limitation to sugarcane production worldwide and presently occurring in most of the sugarcane growing countries. SCYLV having high genetic diversity within the species and presently ten genotypes are known to occur based on the complete genome sequence information. SCYLV is present in almost all the states of India where sugarcane is grown. Virion comprises of 180 coat protein units and are 24-29 nm in diameter. The genome of SCYLV is a monopartite and comprised of single-stranded (ss) positive-sense (+) linear RNA of about 6 kb in size. Virus genome consists of six open reading frames (ORFs) that are expressed by sub-genomic RNAs. The SCYLV is phloem-limited and transmitted by sugarcane aphid Melanaphis sacchari in a circulative and non-propagative manner. The other aphid species namely, Ceratovacuna lanigera, Rhopalosiphum rufiabdominalis, and R. maidis also been reported to transmit the virus. The virus is not transmitted mechanically, therefore, its transmission by M. sacchari has been studied in different countries. SCYLV has a limited natural host range and mainly infect sugarcane (Sachharum hybrid), grain sorghum (Sorghum bicolor), and Columbus grass (Sorghum almum). Recent insights in the protein-protein interactions of Polerovirus through protein interaction reporter (PIR) technology enable us to understand viral encoded proteins during virus replication, assembly, plant defence mechanism, short and long-distance travel of the virus. This review presents the recent understandings on virus biology, diagnosis, genetic diversity, virus-vector and host-virus interactions and conventional and next generation management approaches.
Effects of dietary energy levels on rumen fermentation, microbiota, and gastrointestinal morphology in growing ewes

Abstract This study investigated whether dietary metabolizable energy (ME) could generate dynamical effects on rumen fermentation, gastrointestinal tract (GIT) morphology, and microbial composition of growing ewes. A total of twenty‐eight female Hu lambs were randomly allotted to two treatments with different dietary ME levels: 9.17 (FEA) and 10.41 MJ/kg (FEB). These lambs were further made ready for a 67‐day feeding trial. Results showed that the molar proportions of butyrate (p = .020), iso‐valerate (p = .028), and valerate (p = .005) were significantly higher in the FEB group than those in the FEA group. The results of the GIT morphologic properties showed that the villus height (VH) (p = .005) was significantly higher and crypt depth was significantly deeper (CD) (p = .005) in the duodenum and that the rumen papillary height (PH) was significantly higher (p = .020) in FEB group compared with the FEA group. High‐throughput sequencing results showed that 1826 operational taxonomic units (OTUs) were obtained and that the OTU number (p = .039), the ACE (p = .035), and Chao1 indices (p = .005) were lower in the FEB group. Moreover, 76 genera belonging to 21 phyla were detected in all samples; the relative abundance of Papillibacter (p = .036) and Flexilinea (p = .046) was significantly lower in the high energy group, whereas the relative abundance of unidentified Lachnospiraceae (p = .019), Acetitomaculum (p = .029), unidentified Veillonellaceae (p = .017), Anaerovibrio (p = .005), and Succinivibrio (p = .035) was significantly higher in the FEB group at the genus level. Furthermore, the relative abundance of genes and metabolic pathways were predicted by PICRUSt. The relative abundance of gene families related to carbohydrate metabolism was particularly higher (p = .027) in the FEB group. In summary, these results reveal that the dietary energy levels altered the composition and function of rumen microbiota and GIT morphology in growing female Hu sheep and provide a reference for optimizing diet formula and 10.41MJ/kg of ME level has been recommended in the growing period.
Infecciones asociadas a enterobacterias productoras de carbapenemasas OXA-48 en pacientes quirúrgicos: consumo de antibióticos y evolución de sensibilidades

RESUMEN Objetivos Analizar la administración de antibióticos, la evolución temporal de sensibilidades y el tratamiento dirigido de las infecciones asociadas a enterobacterias productoras de carbapenemasas (EPC) OXA-48 en un servicio de Cirugía General y Digestivo. Material y métodos Estudio observacional retrospectivo, incluyendo pacientes con cultivo positivo de OXA-48 y datos clínicos de infección activa, hospitalizados en un servicio de Cirugía General y Digestivo entre enero 2013 y diciembre 2018. Resultados Se incluyeron 65 pacientes, con 66 aislamientos de OXA-48: Klebsiella pneumoniae, 57 (86,5%); Enterobacter cloacae, 5 (7,6%); Escherichia coli, 3 (4,5%); Morganella morganii, 1 (1,5%). La infección intraabdominal fue la más común (n=39, 60%), y el consumo previo de antibióticos fue: piperacilina-tazobactam (48%), meropenem (45%), ciprofloxacino (25,5%), ertapenem (16,5%), imipenem (12%), amikacina (12%), tigeciclina (12%). La evolución temporal (2013/14, 2015/16 y 2017/18) de las sensibilidades (porcentajes) según antibiograma fue: ceftazidima-avibactam X-X-100; amikacina 100-96-84 (p=0,518); tigeciclina 100-92-80 (p=0,437); colistina 100-67-66 (p<0,001); meropenem 37-64-72 (p=0,214); imipenem 51-41-77 (p=0,109); gentamicina 13-19-18 (p=0,879); ertapenem 35-0-0 (p<0,001). El tratamiento dirigido tuvo una mediana de duración de 14 [RIQ 9-20] días, destacando en frecuencia: tigeciclina (57%); meropenem (40,5%); amikacina (37,5%); ceftazidima-avibactam (9%); imipenem (7,5%); colistina (7,5%). La mortalidad global a 30 días fue del 12% (8 individuos). El tratamiento dirigido fue adecuado según antibiograma en el 87,7%, utilizando un régimen de terapia combinada en el 76,9%, régimen que incluyó algún carbapenémico en el 49,2%. Conclusiones En Cirugía General y Digestivo destaca la infección intraabdominal asociada a OXA-48, con elevado consumo previo de antibióticos de amplio espectro. El tratamiento dirigido con mayor sensibilidad de cepas productoras de OXA-48 incluye ceftazidima-avibactam, amikacina, tigeciclina, meropenem e imipenem.
Late-Onset Lipid Storage Myopathy with Fatal Hepatosteatosis

Hepatosteatosis, a common condition, is increasing in prevalence. It is typically associated with diet, alcohol consumption and obesity. In some cases, a rare genetic disease may be the underlying defect. Lipid storage myopathy (LSM) is a genetic disease caused by lipid metabolism defects. LSM often affects the muscles, heart and liver. Coenzyme Q, riboflavin or carnitine replacement can be beneficial in some cases. We describe a patient who presented with liver failure and was unresponsive to treatment. LEARNING POINTS Hepatosteatosis can be associated with genetic disease and not just diet. Lipid storage disease should be considered in patients presenting with liver disease with hypoglycaemia, muscle weakness and a family history. Lipid storage disease is a rare heterogeneous genetic condition that has no specific treatment and requires further research.
Hypertensive Crisis in Pregnancy with COVID19: Confirmed with rt-PCR for Nasopharyngeal Swab

The novel coronavirus has already spread across the geographical borders to 213 countries and self-governing territories. However, the effect of SARS-CoV-2 infection on pregnant mothers is still poorly understood and sparsely documented. Here, we present a case of a primi mother, who presented with diarrheal episode and proceeded to a hypertensive crisis and placental abruption with rt-PCR (nasopharyngeal swab) confirmed for COVID19. SARS-CoV-2 enters and downregulates host cell-bounded enzyme ACE2 (angiotensin-converting enzyme). This activates the renin angiotensin aldosterone mechanism (RAAM). The activation of RAAM plays a pivotal role in the pathophysiology of hypertensive emergencies. Hence, there is a theoretical possibility of hypertensive crisis associated with ACE2/RAAM dysfunction in pregnant mothers who have COVID19. Therefore, close monitoring of blood pressure and early intervention are of paramount importance in anticipating and preventing serious complications related to hypertension in pregnancy in mothers who have tested positive for SARS-CoV-2, especially in this pandemic situation. Emergency hospital admission and urgent care must be afforded to mothers presenting with high blood pressure with the features suggestive of COVID19 as they are at a risk of rapid deterioration.