Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The characteristics analysis of two phase flow based on fuzzy entropy

Fuzzy entropy algorithm is a new approach that is proposed based on approximate entropy and sample entropy. In this paper, we use these three methods to analyze the characteristics of flow patterns of gas-liquid two phase flow, and the approximate entropy and sample entropy are also employed as comparison. The study shows that relative to the approximate entropy and sample entropy, the fuzzy entropy method has better gathering results, it can distinguish the three typical flow patterns clearly. This provides a new way for the study of gas-liquid two phase flow.
Intramanchette transport (IMT): Managing the making of the spermatid head, centrosome, and tail

Intramanchette transport (IMT) and intraflagellar transport (IFT) share similar molecular components: a raft protein complex transporting cargo proteins mobilized along microtubules by molecular motors. IFT, initially discovered in flagella of Chlamydomonas, has been also observed in cilia of the worm Caenorhabditis elegans and in mouse ciliated and flagellated cells. IFT has been defined as the mechanism by which protein raft components (also called IFT particles) are displaced between the flagellum and the plasma membrane in the anterograde direction by kinesin‐II and in the retrograde direction by cytoplasmic dynein 1b. Mutation of the gene Tg737, encoding one of the components of the raft protein complex, designated Polaris in the mouse and IFT88 in both Chlamydomonas and mouse, results in defective ciliogenesis and flagellar development as well as asymmetry in left‐right axis determination. Polaris/IFT88 is detected in the manchette of mouse and rat spermatids. Indications of an IMT mechanism originated from the finding that two proteins associated with the manchette (Sak57/K5 and TBP‐1, the latter a component of the 26S proteasome) repositioned to the centrosome and sperm tail once the manchette disassembled. IMT has the features of the IFT machinery but, in addition, facilitates nucleocytoplasmic exchange activities during spermiogenesis. An example is Ran, a small GTPase present in the nucleus and cytoplasm of round spermatids and in the manchette of elongating spermatids. Upon disassembly of the manchette, Ran GTPase is found in the centrosome region of elongating spermatids. Because defective molecular motors and raft proteins result in defective flagella, cilia, and cilia‐containing photoreceptor cells in the retina, IMT and IFT are emerging as essential mechanisms for managing critical aspects of sperm development. Details of specific role of Ran GTPase in nucleocytoplasmic transport and its relocation from the manchette to the centrosome to the sperm tail await elucidation. Mol. Reprod. Dev. 63: 1–4, 2002. © 2002 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Variable-rate punctured convolutional coding over fading mobile communication channels

In this paper a method of keeping the bit error rate (BER) constant and optimizing the transmission efficiency of a digital mobile communication system using variable-rate convolutional coding is introduced. Regardless of the fluctuation of the received signal due to fading effects, the BER can be kept constant by changing the code rate R and obtaining different degrees of correction capabilities. In this paper a computer simulation model of a digital mobile communication system is also introduced. Rate Compatible Punctured Convolutional codes (RCPC codes) are used to provide the rate variation. An improvement in the average transmission efficiency(/spl eta//sub av/) by about 35% is obtained with six kinds of codes with rates (R=1/2, 6/11, 6/10, 6/9, 6/8, and 6/7) and keeping the BER at 10/sup -3/.
La nueva economía de la Sociedad de la Información

Desde la decada de los setenta, el sistema productivo de las economias industriales occidentales ha atravesado por un proceso de cambio y transformacion. Nuestros sistemas productivos son actualmente mucho mas complejos e interdependientes de lo que eran apenas hace dos decadas. Esta creciente interdependencia se ha visto favorecida por el desarrollo de ciertas tecnologias de uso generico, particularmente de las tecnologias de la informacion. El termino acunado para hacer alusion a estas transformaciones ha sido el de "era de la informacion", el cual permite evocar una serie interminable de metaforas. Las nuevas tecnologias de la informacion han sido, ademas, consideradas como el motor del cambio y el vehiculo de la reestructuracion del conjunto de la economia. Sin embargo, el desarrollo economico esta asociado ineludiblemente al proceso de innovacion, y por tanto a la produccion y difusion de conocimiento, el cual no puede asimilarse a la informacion, por tecnica y sofisticada que esta sea.
Usefulness of screening investigations in neurofibromatosis type 1. A study of 152 patients.

OBJECTIVE To evaluate the usefulness of screening investigations in patients with neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1). DESIGN Clinical and screening data were retrospectively collected from a case series of patients with NF1. Screening investigations included an opthalmologic consultation, chest x-ray film, abdominal ultrasonography, cerebral imaging, and analysis of urinary catecholamine levels. Clinical features and complications of patients with NF1 were compared with those of the Neurofibromatoses Institute Clinical Research Program and of the Southeast Wales study patients. SETTING Ambulatory care in a referral center. PATIENTS Between 1988 and 1992, 152 patients classified as having NF1 according to the criteria of the National Institutes of Health Consensus Development Conference Statement were studied. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE Complications requiring therapeutic action detected using screening investigations vs clinical examination. RESULTS Systemic chest x-ray films were taken of 134 patients, and intrathoracic nodules thought to be neurofibromas were discovered in 2 patients. Ninety-three asymptomatic patients had cerebral imaging performed, which showed optic pathway glioma in 12 patients. Abdominal ultrasonography was performed on 62 asymptomatic patients, results of which showed internal neurofibromas in 4 patients. In 2 of these patients, abdominal surgery was performed. Eighty-three patients without hypertension had 24-hour urinary specific catecholamine levels analyzed, which were within the normal range. Clinical features and complications were not different from other large clinical studies. Nearly 400 systematic investigations were performed without clinical orientation, detecting 21 abnormalities. In only 2 cases, these discoveries led to therapeutic action. On the other hand, 22 complications requiring treatment were detected by clinical examination. CONCLUSION Clinical follow-up seems to be more beneficial than systematic investigations in patients with NF1.
On Handling Redundancy for Failure Log Analysis of Cluster Systems

System event logs contain information that capture the sequence of events occurring in the system. They are often the primary source of information from large-scale distributed systems, such as cluster systems, which enable system administrators to determine the causes and detect system failures. Due to the complex interactions between the system hardware and software components, the system event logs are typically huge in size, comprising streams of interleaved log messages. However, only a small fraction of those log messages are relevant for analysis. We thus develop a novel, generic log compression or filtering (i.e., redundancy removal) technique to address this problem. We apply the technique over three different log files obtained from two different production systems and validate the technique through the application of an unsupervised failure detection approach. Our results are positive: (i) our technique achieves good compression, (ii) log analysis yields better results for our filtering method than normal approach. Keywords-Cluster Log Data; Unsupervised learning; Compression; Levenshtein distance; filtering.
Semiglobal finite-time stabilization via output-feedback for a class of high-order uncertain nonlinear systems

This paper is devoted to the semiglobal finite-time stabilization via output-feedback for a class of high-order uncertain nonlinear systems. This problem can hardly be solved by the existing schemes, mainly since the systems under investigation contain unknown control coefficients which are dominated by the known functions of system states, and possess more serious nonlinearities which allow arbitrary-high-order growing unmeasurable states. However, for the global case, the system unknown control coefficients should be dominated by the known functions of output and the system nonlinearities merely allow homogeneous-order growing unmeasurable states, and therefore our semiglobal objective significantly weakens the restrictions on the control coefficients and the nonlinearities of the systems. In this paper, with the assumption that all the system states are available for feedback, a state-feedback controller is first constructed by adding a power integrator, which ensures that the closed-loop system is globally finite-time stable. Then, by certainty equivalence principle and saturation technique, an output-feedback controller is successfully constructed, which makes the closed-loop system semiglobal attractive and local finite-time stable. A simulation example is presented to illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed method.
Managing Social Engineering Attacks- Considering Human Factors and Security Investment

Soliciting and managing the protection of information assets has become a objective of paramount importance in an organizational context. Information Security Management System (ISMS) has the unique role of ensuring that adequate and appropriate security tools are in place in order to protect information assets. Security is always seen in three dimensions of technology, organization, and people. Undoubtedly, the socio-technical challenges have proven to be the most difficult ones to tackle. Social Engineering Attacks (SEAs) are a sociotechnical challenge and considerably increase security risks by seeking access to information assets by exploiting the vulnerabilities in organizations as they target human frailties. Dealing effectively and adequately with SEAs requires practical security benchmarking together with control mechanism tools, which in turn requires investment to support security and ultimately organizational goals. This paper contributes in this area. In particular, the paper proposes a language for managing SEAs using several concepts such as actor, risks, goals, security investment and vulnerabilities. The language supports in-depth investigation of human factors as one of the main causes of SEAs. It also assists in the selection of appropriate mechanisms considering security investment to mitigate risks. Finally, the paper uses a real incident in a financial institution to demonstrate the applicability of the approach.
An implementation method of partial correlation matched filter in the CDMA receiver

Comparing to the acquisition methods based on periodic correlation of pseudo-random-noise code, the partial correlation acquisition have the advantages of stronger adaptability of Doppler frequency, faster search speed and more extensive applications. Matched filter is a kind of linear filter which can maximize the signal-noise-ratio output and has been widely used in optimum receiver of digital communication systems. The acquisition method based on partial correlation matched filter has been presented in this thesis. Furthermore, a detailed description of the design and optimization issues using a field programmable gate array (FPGA) are presented, which would be valuable for the engineering development of high performance receiver. The method can meet the needs of fast synchronization, high sensitivity and high dynamic.
Corporate Learning in Times of Digital Transformation: A Conceptual Framework and Service Portfolio for the Learning Function in Banking Organisations

Digital transformation is one of the major challenges in all industries. It embraces the realignment of technology and new business models to more effectively engage digital customers at every touchpoint in the costumer experience lifecycle. Therefore, successful digital transformation begins with an understanding of digital consumer behavior, preferences and choices. It then leads to major consumer-centric changes within the organisation that address these needs. Such a consumer-centric and self-directed client structure has significant consequences for banks. Banks will need to continue existing services, while developing strategies to manage the shift in mix. For that reason, banking organisations are challenged to consider exploration new business fields and not only focus on exploitation anymore. Finally they need to ensure a successful balance between both. This means they have to establish a general development orientation and afford implementing innovations at the same time they focus on efficiency by utilizing and optimizing the existing. Pressure for doing this is definitely there and causes in current dynamic changes in the finance market, new competitors in the branch and little differentiation among offered banking services. Hence, they need to enhance their continuous learning ability, which is an essential precondition for coping with innovations. This paper follows the research question “how can the learning function foster the enhancement of the banking organisation’s learning and innovation ability in times of digital transformation? ” This is closely linked to the kind of services a learning function needs to enhance or integrate for supporting and designing a learning organization. With the idea underlying enterprise 2.0, social media platforms offer valuable opportunities for doing this. From an educational management perspective, we focus on the design levels of individuals, teams, and organisation in banks. Derived from our theoretical framework we suggest a conceptual model for managing organisational learning for continuous innovation based on four action areas. We examine the appropriateness of this framework in the practice field through eleven case studies in banking organisations. This approach allows a further development of these areas and to develop an understanding of what are current and future starting points for action in banking organisations. Finally, we identify new roles and services of the learning function for supporting the organisations.
Sorting biomolecules with microdevices

Micro‐ and nanofabrication techniques have provided an unprecedented opportunity to create a designed world in which separation and fractionation technologies which normally occur on the macroscopic scale can be optimized by designing structures which utilize the basic physics of the process, or new processes can be realized by building structures which normally do not exist without external design. Since microfabrication is exceedingly sophisticated in its development, it is possible to design and construct highly creative microdevices which allow one to probe specific aspects of biological objects. We give examples of uses of micro‐ and nanofabrication which, as opposed to simply shrinking the size of the vessels or tubes used in macroscopic lab environments, utilize our understanding of the physics of the process to take advantage of fabrication technologies.
Neutrophils and the blood–brain barrier dysfunction after trauma

Despite the fact that neutrophils are essential for the protection from invading pathogens, hyperactive neutrophils may elicit detrimental cerebral damage after severe trauma. The neutrophil interactions with the neurovascular unit entail endothelial dysfunction involving endothelial leakage, formation of edema, coagulation abnormalities, disturbed hemodynamics, tissue infiltration etc. These elements of the “whole body inflammation,” designated systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS) in conjunction with intracerebral proinflammatory activities, are important triggers of post‐traumatic cerebral damage and mortality according to the “second hit” concept. From the immunologic point of view, the brain is an immune privileged site, known to resist autodestructive inflammatory activity much more efficiently than other organs because of the highly efficient diverse functions of the blood–brain barrier (BBB). However, both the underlying strategy of the BBB to maintain cerebral protecting functions against the post‐traumatic neutrophil‐mediated “second hit” and how activated neutrophils may overcome the BBB are currently unknown. Therefore, this review summarizes the current understanding of the “second hit,” the BBB physiology, and its role in the maintenance of cerebral immune privilege, and discusses recent findings that may explain the pathophysiologic neutrophil–BBB interactions occurring after severe trauma, thus offering novel therapeutic options to protect from post‐traumatic brain damage. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Med Res Rev, 27, No. 3, 401–416, 2007
A Plan Execution Model for Mobile Personal Assistants

This paper proposes a plan execution model suitable for dynamic mobile computing environments and presents a smart script system developed based on the model. The smart script system includes a script language which describes the task knowledge of mobile personal assistants and an execution engine which is designed to execute scripts dynamically according to task goals and environmental changes. In addition, this paper evaluates the usefulness and performance of the smart script system by implementing Smart Reservation as an application.
Lack of effect of ketoconazole on the pharmacokinetics of rosuvastatin in healthy subjects.

AIMS To examine in vivo the effect of ketoconazole on the pharmacokinetics of rosuvastatin, a 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A (HMG-CoA) reductase inhibitor. METHODS This was a randomized, double-blind, two-way crossover, placebo-controlled trial. Healthy male volunteers (n = 14) received ketoconazole 200 mg or placebo twice daily for 7 days, and rosuvastatin 80 mg was coadministered on day 4 of dosing. Plasma concentrations of rosuvastatin, and active and total HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors were measured up to 96 h postdose. RESULTS Following coadministration with ketoconazole, rosuvastatin geometric least square mean AUC(0,t) and Cmax were unchanged compared with placebo (treatment ratios (90% confidence intervals): 1.016 (0.839, 1.230), 0.954 (0.722, 1.260), respectively). Rosuvastatin accounted for essentially all of the circulating active HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors and most (> 85%) of the total inhibitors. Ketoconazole did not affect the proportion of circulating active or total inhibitors accounted for by circulating rosuvastatin. CONCLUSIONS Ketoconazole did not produce any change in rosuvastatin pharmacokinetics in healthy subjects. The data suggest that neither cytochrome P450 3A4 nor P-gp-mediated transport contributes to the elimination of rosuvastatin.
Brain-computer communication: self-regulation of slow cortical potentials for verbal communication.

OBJECTIVE To test a training procedure designed to enable severely paralyzed patients to communicate by means of self-regulation of slow cortical potentials. DESIGN Application of the Thought Translation Device to evaluate the procedure in patients with late-stage amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). SETTING Training sessions in the patients' homes. PARTICIPANTS Two male patients with late-stage ALS. INTERVENTIONS Patients learned voluntary control of their slow cortical potentials by means of an interface between the brain and a computer. Training was based on visual feedback of slow cortical potentials shifts and operant learning principles. The learning process was divided into small steps of increasing difficulty. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Accuracy of self-control of slow cortical potentials (percentage of correct responses). Learning progress calculated as a function of training session. RESULTS Within 3 to 8 weeks, both patients learned to self-regulate their slow cortical potentials and to use this skill to select letters or words in the Language Support Program. CONCLUSIONS This training schedule is the first to enable severely paralyzed patients to communicate without any voluntary muscle control by using self-regulation of an electroencephalogram potential only. The protocol could be a model for training patients in other brain-computer interface techniques.
Client language as a mediator of motivational interviewing efficacy: where is the evidence?

BACKGROUND Identifying in-session indicators of client outcomes is important in determining the mechanisms of psychotherapeutic treatments, including Motivational Interviewing (MI). The current studies sought to determine if clinician behavior influences client speech, and the extent to which client speech predicted treatment outcome in clients receiving treatment for substance abuse. METHODS Study 1 examined 38 sessions from 5 sites in Project MATCH. Sessions were coded using the Sequential Code for Process Exchanges (SCOPE) behavioral coding system. Transition probabilities and inter-rater reliability were calculated. Study 2 examined 45 sessions from the New Mexico site in Project MATCH. Sessions were coded using the MISC 1.0 behavioral coding system. Distal outcome measures were calculated for proportion of days abstinent (PDA) and drinks per drinking day (DDD). Hierarchical multiple regression and hierarchical logistic regression were used to characterize the relationship between client speech and outcome. RESULTS In Study 1, inter-rater reliability estimates indicate that coders reliably distinguished between the categories within the SCOPE. Behaviors consistent with MI (MICO) were significantly likely to be followed by client Change Talk (CT) and behaviors inconsistent with MI (MIIN) were significantly likely to be followed by Counterchange Talk (CCT). There was also a significant negative transition probability between MICO and CCT. In Study 2, CT was found to account for significant portions of outcome variability beyond that attributable to baseline measures of problem severity. CONCLUSIONS Client speech during early therapy sessions appears to be a powerful predictor of substance abuse outcome. The pattern of therapist behaviors and subsequent client language found in this data supports the intervention test in the causal chain we have described for motivational interviewing. These studies provide preliminary support for a causal chain between therapist behaviors, subsequent client speech, and drinking outcomes within motivational interviewing sessions. The results of both studies provide further support to the proposition that client speech impacts the likelihood of behavioral change, and that the occurrence of such speech is influenced by the therapist.
Supporting Rural Family Palliative Caregivers

There is urgent need to effectively support the well-being of rural palliative family caregivers (FCGs). A mixed method study was conducted with 23 FCGs. Data collection included completion of an assessment questionnaire and semistructured interviews. The most prevalent needs identified by questionnaire were caring for the patient’s pain, fatigue, body, and nourishment; FCG’s fatigue and need for respite. Yet few FCGs wanted more attention to these needs by healthcare providers. FCGs resisted considering their own personal needs. Instead, they focused on needs related to providing care including to be(come) a palliative caregiver, be skilled and know more, navigate competing wishes, needs, demands, and priorities, and for “an extra pair of hands. ” Gaps in rural palliative services contributed to low expectations for assistance; reluctance to seek assistance was influenced by FCGs’ resourcefulness and independence. Findings suggest that supporting FCGs will most likely be successful when framed in relation to their caregiving role.