Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A Histone Deacetylase Inhibitor, FR276457, Altered Characteristics of Infiltrating Cells into Allograft in a Rat Cardiac Transplant Model

Background: A recent study indicated that FR276457, a pan-histone deacetylase inhibitor, prevented allograft rejection in an ACI-to-Lewis rat heart transplant model, seemingly without affecting cellular infiltration into the transplanted heart. In this report, we investigated alterations in infiltrating cells in allografts by treatment of FR276457. Materials and Methods: Heterotopic cardiac allografts which were removed from August Copenhagen Irish rats were transplanted into the necks of Lewis rats. FR276457 40 mg/kg or vehicle was subsequently administered orally for 5 consecutive days beginning on the operation day after recovery from anesthesia (Day 0). The allograft recipients were sacrificed under anesthesia on Day 5 after transplantation. At first, we identified infiltrating cells into the allografts by the histopathological analysis. In addition, we isolated the infiltrating cells from allografts, sorted CD8 positive (CD8 + ) T cells, and then investigated cytotoxicity of CD8 + T cells against spleen cells from an August Copenhagen Irish rat. Results: Histopathological analysis of allografts on Day 5 after the heart transplant showed that infiltration of T cells was not suppressed in FR276457-treated allograft recipients, compared with those in vehicle-treated allograft recipients, although the infiltration of ED1 positive cells was tended to decrease. Ex vivo analysis revealed that alloantigen-specific cytotoxicity of CD8 + T cells, isolated from allografts in FR276457-treated allograft recipients, against ACI rat splenocytes was much lower than that in vehicle-treated allograft recipients. Conclusion: FR276457 treatment suppressed the alloantigen-specific cytotoxicity of CD8 + T cells infiltrated into
Using Balance Function to Screen for Vestibular Impairment in Children With Sensorineural Hearing Loss and Cochlear Implants

Objectives: 1) To determine if bilateral vestibular dysfunction can be predicted by performance on standardized balance tasks in children with sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL) and cochlear implants (CI). 2) To provide clinical recommendations for screening for vestibular impairment in children with SNHL. Study Design: Retrospective cohort study. Setting: Tertiary care pediatric implant center. Patients: Pediatric patients (4.8–18.6 years) with profound SNHL using CIs. Interventions: Vestibular end-organ (horizontal canal and otoliths), and balance assessment. Main Outcome Measures: Comparison of balance skills, measured by the Bruininks Oseretsky Test of Motor Proficiency II (BOT-2), was performed between two groups of children with SNHL and CI: 1) total bilateral vestibular loss (TBVL) (n = 45), and 2) normal bilateral vestibular function (n = 20). Sensitivity, specificity, and suitability of each task as a screening tool for the detection of TBVL were assessed. Results: Balance as measured by the BOT-2 balance subtest was significantly poorer in children with TBVL then those with normal vestibular function (p < 0.0001). “Eyes closed” tasks best identified children with TBVL having the highest sensitivity and specificity. One-foot standing eyes closed was found to have the best performance as a screening tool for TBVL using a timed cutoff of 4 seconds. Conclusion: A brief in-office screen of balance function using one of the BOT-2 balance subtest tasks, one-foot standing eyes closed, is able to identify children at risk of TBVL with excellent sensitivity and specificity and should be used to screen for TBVL in all children presenting with SNHL.
Pediatric En Bloc Kidney Transplantation to Adult Recipients: More Than Suboptimal?

Background. To optimize available organs, kidneys from young donors traditionally beleived to be suboptimal are transplanted to adults. The purpose of this study is to compare graft survival (GS) of en bloc kidney (EBK) from young pediatric donors to other deceased donor transplants in adult recipients. Methods. We analyzed United Network of Organ Sharing/STAR data on primary deceased donor kidney transplants to adult recipients (1988–2006). EBK (age younger than 5 years, n=1696) was compared with solitary pediatric (SP; age younger than 5 years) kidneys (n=1502), and matched standard adult donors (age 18–59 years, n=9594) and expanded criteria donor (ECD; n=6396). The adjusted GS was obtained using Cox proportional hazard model and hazard ratios were calculated. Results. EBK had lowest acute rejection rates (6.0%) but similar to standard adult transplants (6.3%), and lower than SP and ECD (9.0% and 8.2%; P<0.0001). Delayed graft function rates were lowest in EBK (17.9%), highest in ECD (34.8%; P<0.0001), and similar among SP and standard adult transplants (24.4% and 24.2%). The estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) was best in EBK and worst in ECD (P<0.0001). The eGFR of EBK and SP transplants continuously improved but the eGFR of standard adult and ECD declined. Graft loss was higher in EBK and SP transplants than adult donor transplants during the first 6 months. Despite the highest thrombosis rates in EBK (5.0%) (SP, 3.3%; standard adult, 1.8%; ECD, 2.0%, P<0.0001), GS of EBK became similar to standard adult donor transplants by 5 years and best at 10 years posttransplant (64.0%) and worst in ECD (39.6%; P<0.0001). Conclusion. EBK had the best long-term outcomes among deceased donor transplants and offer unique options for adult kidney transplant recipients.
Smartphone addictions and nomophobia among youth

ABSTRACT Nomophobia is a form of behavioral addiction towards smartphone referring to the anxiety caused by disconnected from the mobile network or inability to have access to a smartphone. Nomophobia has multi-dimensional traits ranging from social, physiological, and physical symptoms that are summarized into very dependency upon smartphone. The study examines nomophobia among youth and how to overcome nomophobia. The study deployed a qualitative approach by interviewing respondents mostly at their first-year undergraduate level and text mining analytics from respondents’ conversation to extract the common patterns, characteristics, and proposed solutions for nomophobia.
Évaluation d'outils d'accès à la connaissance en médecine générale

Les medecins, et en particulier les medecins generalistes, sont confrontesquotidiennement a la difficulte de ne pas tout savoir. En medecine generale, l’etendue duchamp d’activite impose aux professionnels une maitrise de plus en plus aigue del’information, qui doit s’appuyer sur le developpement d’une litteratie numerique, c’esta-dire la capacite d’utiliser et de comprendre les outils et medias numeriques. Lesobjectifs de ce travail etaient d’identifier les obstacles a la recherche d’information chezles medecins generalistes et de developper et d’evaluer des outils susceptibles desurmonter ces difficultes.Pour cela, nous avons realise une etude qualitative aupres d’internes de medecinegenerale et de medecins generalistes francais. Elle a permis de mettre en evidence denombreux obstacles a la recherche d’informations en sante en ligne. Ces obstaclesconcernent les professionnels et les outils, certains sont egalement d’ordre institutionnel.Parmi ces obstacles figure la langue anglaise, qui semble constituer un repoussoir pourles medecins installes mais egalement pour les medecins en formation. D’apres lesdonnees que nous avons recueillies, ce frein concerne aussi bien l’information en ellememeque son support.Plusieurs des outils developpes par l’equipe du Departement d’Informatique etd’Information Medicales du CHU de Rouen ont vocation a repondre a ces difficultes. Labase de donnees bibliographiques LiSSa permet l’acces a plusieurs centaines de milliersde references francophones en sante, issues de PubMed mais egalement de revuesfrancophones non indexees dans PubMed. Le constructeur de requetes bibliographiquesmedicales permet a des utilisateurs non anglophones de construire des equations derecherche complexes dans leur langue maternelle, leur permettant de requeter dansPubMed, LiSSa ou CISMeF.
Fraud Detection Using Transaction Data in ERP Systems

-Despite all attempts to prevent fraud, it continues to be a major threat to industry and government. In this paper, we present a fraud detection method which detects irregular transaction frequency usage in an Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) system. We discuss the design, development and empirical evaluation of outlier detection and distance measuring techniques to detect frequency-based anomalies within an individual user’s profile. Primarily, we propose two automated techniques: (a) a univariate method, called Boxplot which is based on the sample’s median and (b) a multivariate method which uses Euclidean distance, for detecting transaction frequency anomalies within each transaction profile. The proposed methodology allows an auditor to investigate the transaction frequency anomalies and adjust the different parameters, such as the outlier threshold and the Euclidean distance threshold values to obtain the optimal number of alerts. The novelty of the proposed technique lies in its ability to automatically trigger alerts from transaction profiles, based on transaction usage performed over a period of time. Experiments were conducted using a real dataset obtained from the production client of a large organization using SAP R/3 (presently the most predominant ERP system), to run its business. The results of this empirical research demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed approach.
Exploring the triad of behaviour, genes and neuronal networks: Heritability of instrumental conditioning and the Arc/Arg3.1 gene in hippocampal coding

In this thesis, we set out to study the genetic background of neuronal function that enables adaptive behaviours that are essential for survival, such as understanding the relations between actions and outcomes and forming accurate representations of the environment. In the experimental protocols we used, exploratory and cue-response behaviour were motivated by sweet rewards, mimicking real-life situations in which we form memories of environments and action-outcome series associated with rewards. We demonstrated that operant learning and extinction consist of multiple stages that are dissociable, heritable and regulated by different chromosomal areas, characterized the performance of common laboratory mouse lines in acquisition and extinction tasks and suggested mouse models for perseverative disorders. We dissected the role of Arc/Arg3.1 in neuronal processes that take place during active exploration of environment and subsequent sleep. We found that Arc/Arg3.1 knockout (KO) mice exhibited attenuated hippocampal oscillatory activity in the high frequency range and disrupted synchronized firing during track running. Furthermore, we showed that Arc/Arg3.1 KO mice had decreased hippocampal sharp wave-ripple activity and that correlated firing activity during sleep was diminished. These alterations may explain why Arc/Arg3.1 mice are impaired spatial learning and lack memory consolidation. Together, these findings paint an intriguing picture of the genetic background and neuronal processes involved in complex behaviours that are crucial for survival. In order to further understand and unravel this intricate linkage, we will need to continue to study the triad of genes, neuronal networks and behaviour from all its corners.
Preparation of genomic DNA from Dictyostelium discoideum for PCR analysis.

The soil amoeba Dictyostelium discoideum is a practical genetic system in which targeted gene disruption by homologous recombination allows the study of specific gene functions (1–3). The efficiency of homologous recombination, however, can be less than 1%, and the identification of the desired clones requires the analysis of the genotype of many individual clones. However, the standard protocols to prepare genomic DNA for genotyping require a large number of cells (>10 7 ) and also necessitate manipulation of organic solvents and ethanol precipitation (4). Commercial kits are expensive and highly inef ficient for the isolation of D. discoideum genomic DNA. The easiest protocols known to us take at least a few hours for the preparation of genomic DNA. Genotyping of the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans, another genetic model, is very simple and is based on the use of a lysis protocol employing detergent and proteinase K (PK) (5–7). Here we adapted this method for the isolation of D. discoideum genomic DNA, which is amenable to PCR analysis. Our optimized protocol is the fol
Algorithms for Soft Document Clustering

Aim of this paper is to highlight the possibilities of clustering algorithms called as the "soft clustering" algorithms. The traditional approach "hard clustering" allows us to include only one document cluster. Soft clustering algorithms, like Fuzzy C-means (FCM), Word Base Soft Clustering (WBSC) Similarity-Based Soft Clustering Algorithm (SISC) and Kondadadi and Kozma modified ART (KMART), allow to aggregate similar documents to more than one cluster with different level of competence and therefore better reflect the nature and classification of the document. We anticipate that this approach is well suited for addressing homonyms. The contribution is devoted to compare different clustering algorithms due to their ability to be inserted into several clusters of documents.
Una evaluación de las experiencias recientes de política cambiaria en Latinoamérica

La experiencia reciente en torno a los regimenes cambiarios en America Latina muestra una tendencia a la generalizacion de los regimenes de flotacion “sucia”, en la que los gobiernos intervienen en el mercado cambiario en diferente grado y con distintos mecanismos, incluyendo en algunos casos controles a los flujos de capitales. Este tipo de “regimen intermedio” esta mostrando una mejor adaptacion a las exigencias encontradas de defender la competitividad de las economias y al mismo tiempo amortiguar los impactos de los flujos de capitales; su adopcion obedecio al alto costo o la imposibilidad lisa y llana de mantener politicas alternativas que suponian defender un tipo de cambio con un acceso menos abundante al financiamiento externo. El paso a la flotacion significo la depreciacion de las monedas nacionales; el impacto inflacionario subsiguiente ha sido en general moderado, lograndose una correccion de precios relativos sin desencadenar un proceso inflacionario autosostenido. Con todo, los aumentos de precios al consumidor han deteriorado el salario real en varios paises.La experiencia latinoamericana reciente sugiere que la politica cambiaria debe ser un instrumento de la politica general de desarrollo y, como tal, adaptarse a una situacion nacional e internacional determinada, sin constituirse nunca en un fin en si misma. En particular, la defensa a ultranza de un determinado regimen cambiario no debe convertirse en un pretexto para llevar a cabo reformas estructurales que debieran aplicarse o desecharse por sus meritos o sus inconvenientes propios
Semi‐refined carrageenan film incorporated with α‐tocopherol: Application in food model

Semi‐refined carrageenan (SRC) film plasticized with glycerol and incorporated with α‐tocopherol was prepared for food packaging application. Functional characterization, thermal stability, and microstructure of SRC‐based films were analyzed. The effects of antioxidant α‐tocopherol from SRC‐based film were studied based on thiobarbituric acid‐reactive substance assay, metmyoglobin assay, and pH value in food model (meat patties) for 12 days of storage. The development of lipid oxidation was delayed in the meat patties wrapped with antioxidant films during the storage with the final value of 0.68–0.37 mg malondialdehyde/kg sample. A less than 50% brown color development (metmyoglobin) of the meat patties wrapped with antioxidant film was observed in the first nine days of storage. Hence, the incorporation of α‐tocopherol into the SRC‐based film could be an alternative way to prolong the shelf life of food product, reducing the use of synthetic preservative directly into food product. PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS: Recent strategy on the development of biodegradable film for food packaging is important as an alternative to the petrochemical‐derived plastic that is harmful to the environment. SRC is one of the potential biopolymers that has the ability to form a strong gel and provides efficient barrier against gas, lipids, and oils, and addition of plasticizer glycerol into SRC enhanced mechanical and barrier properties of the films. The present study showed the potential of α‐tocopherol within the SRC film plasticized with glycerol as active packaging on the film characteristics and increased the shelf life of meat patties. Hence, the active packaging film developed is not only contributes to reduce plastic waste discharged to environment but can be a potential substitute of synthetic preservative in food.
Human Factors in Crowdsourcing

Today, crowdsourcing is used to "taskify" any job ranging from simple receipt transcription to collaborative editing, fan-subbing, citizen science, and citizen journalism. The crowd is typically volatile, its arrival and departure asynchronous, and its levels of attention and accuracy diverse. Tasks vary in complexity and may necessitate the participation of workers with varying degrees of expertise. Sometimes, workers need to collaborate explicitly and build on each other's contributions to complete a single task. For example, in disaster reporting, CrowdMap allows geographically closed people with diverse and complementary skills, to work together to report details about the course of a typhoon or the aftermath of an earthquake. This uber-ization of human labor requires the understanding of workers motivation in completing a task, their ability to work together in collaborative tasks, as well as, helping workers find relevant tasks. For over 40 years, organization studies have thoroughly examined human factors that affect workers in physical workplaces. More recently, computer scientists have developed algorithms that verify and leverage those findings in a virtual marketplace, in this case, a crowdsourcing platform. The goal of this tutorial is to review those two areas and discuss how their combination may improve workers' experience, task throughput and outcome quality for both micro-tasks and collaborative tasks. We will start with a coverage of motivation theory, team formation, and learning worker profiles. We will then address open research questions that result from this review.
Small-world approximations in spectral segmentation

Spectral segmentation has been shown to produce perceptually meaningful groupings. The underlying similarity matrices are usually very large. Several approximations - deterministic and stochastic - are used in practice. The approximations usually use only local information. It has been shown recently that a few random long-range interactions facilitate emergence of structure in several domains like Ising models. We explore the use of longrange interactions in spectral segmentation.
A compact dual-band assembled printed quadrifilar helix antenna for CNSS application

This paper presents a novel compact dual-band printed quadrifilar helix antenna (PQHA) for application in Compass Navigation Satellite System (CNSS) of China. This antenna is consisted of two quadrifilar helix elements that are arranged at inner and outer cylinder. It works at the B1 (1.561GHz) and S (2.492GHz) bands. Each four spiral arms is excited by a series feed network in equal magnitude and successive 90° phase difference. It achieves the axial radiation pattern at B1 band, furthermore, it produces the shaped-conical radiation pattern at S band that is benefit for receiving the navigation signal from low elevation angle. Simulations show that 10dB impedance bandwidth of the proposed novel compact CNSS dual-band PQHAs are 15.4% at B1 band and 14.2% at S band. In addition, the axial ratio bandwidth is less than 3 are 12.8% and 2.8% at B1 and S band, respectively. The isolation between two quadrifilar helix elements is higher than 27dB.
IMPACTOS AMBIENTAIS DO DESMONTE DE ROCHA COM USO DE EXPLOSIVOS EM PEDREIRA DE GRANITO DE CAICÓ-RN

Neste trabalho foram levantados alguns problemas ambientais decorrentes do processo de desmonte de rochas com uso de explosivos. A enfase recaiu sobre os impactos ambientais, resultantes do procedimento mineral do desmonte de rocha a ceu aberto, os quais tem sido pouco estudados. A area de estudo fica localizada no semiarido potiguar, mais precisamente no perimetro urbano da cidade de Caico-RN. A pesquisa em pauta embasou-se em fundamentos teoricos, procedimentos metodologicos e dados primarios obtidos junto a mineradora Dantas Gurgel & Cia Ltda. A analise do desmonte de rochas e de seus impactos ambientais contemplou as atividades, que vao da lavra ao beneficiamento das rochas, apontando os principais impactos ambientais sob a otica da matriz de interacao. Concluiu-se que os impactos ambientais mais significativos resultantes da exploracao de rochas com uso de explosivos na mineracao Dantas Gurgel & Cia Ltda. , no municipio de Caico, estao vinculados a etapa de detonacao e que podem estender-se tambem para fora do dominio da mineracao. Dentre eles, destacam-se: o ultralancamento, a vibracao, gases, poeira e doencas.
Confirming Changes in Beliefs and Intentions

Today’s spoken dialog systems rely on procedures such as confidence scores, machine learning approaches, etc. to understand changes in users’ beliefs and intentions. They depend on these scores to decide when to do an implicit or explicit confirmation of a value obtained to fill a required slot. These approaches work reasonably well for small domain-based systems and to make them work, several rules need to be written. Similarly, more rules are necessary to handle the changes in the confidence scores for the values heard from the users, as and when the user changes his belief over a particular value he had given earlier. We propose that a joint intention interpreter integrated with a reasoner over beliefs and communicative acts to form the core of a dialogue engine can handle such belief updates and changes in intentions in a general domain independent manner. We show how the confirmations and clarifications can be automatically planned as and when new or contradictory beliefs are received. Furthermore, these changes in beliefs and intentions are cascaded to other agents and humans in the team that are part of the joint commitment. There is no necessity to write explicit rules and conditions to handle these changes, and communication follows from the constructs of the Joint Intentions Theory (JIT).
Honeypot boulevard: understanding malicious activity via decoy accounts

This thesis describes the development and deployment of honeypot systems to measure real-world cybercriminal activity in online accounts. Compromised accounts expose users to serious threats including information theft and abuse. By analysing the modus operandi of criminals that compromise and abuse online accounts, we aim to provide insights that will be useful in the development of mitigation techniques. We explore account compromise and abuse across multiple online platforms that host webmail, social, and cloud document accounts. First, we design and create realistic decoy accounts (honeypots) and build covert infrastructure to monitor activity in them. Next, we leak credentials of those accounts online to lure miscreants to the accounts. Finally, we record and analyse the resulting activity in the compromised accounts. Our top three findings on what happens after online accounts are attacked can be summarised as follows. First, attackers that know the locations of webmail account owners tend to connect from places that are closer to those locations. Second, we show that demographic attributes of social accounts influence how cybercriminals interact with them. Third, in cloud documents, we show that document content influences the activity of cybercriminals. We have released a tool for setting up webmail honeypots to help other researchers that may be interested in setting up their own honeypots.