Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
DIFFERENTIAL TRANSFORMATION METHOD FOR SEIR MEASLES MODEL

September-October DIFFERENTIAL TRANSFORMATION METHOD FOR SEIR MEASLES MODEL Farah Ashraf * , Romana Ashraf, Muhammad Farman, M.O. Ahmad, Maryam Shahid Department of Mathematics and Statistics, University of Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan. Corresponding Author: Farah Ashraf, Email: f.as70000@gmail.com ABSTRACT: Present paper is based on the analysis of SEIR type models, which are used to study the transmission dynamics of infectious diseases in a population. Basic idea of disease transmission using compartmental modeling is discussed. A semi analytic technique Differential Transformation Method (DTM) is discussed in detail, which is used to compute an approximate solution of the non-linear system of differential equation governing the problem. A Measles SEIR model for Childhood diseases is solved and analyzed by Differential Transformation Method. DTM is proved to be very efficient and inexpensive technique for solving epidemic models as it gives better accuracy for small number of terms in a series solution. Moreover the method is easy to implement and involve less calculations. The Method has also been developed for SEIR model for measles dynamics.
A Novel Two Tier Architecture for Licensed Band Device to Device Communication in 5G Wireless Network.

Conventional cellular network architecture allows full duplex communication between two user equipments using uplink and downlink channel through base station. But this architecture does not permit direct communication between devices and therefore inefficient to fulfil various advanced applications like vehicle to vehicle communication, context aware social networking and proximity based local emergency services, real time sensor data analysis, smart city and Internet of things (IOT) applications. To overcome this problem, this article presents two tier cellular architecture that involves a base station to device tier and device to device tier. This architecture allows direct communication among devices in device tier and traditional communication in cellular tier using licensed band spectrum. Furthermore, this paper is focused on detail investigation of various technological challenges to implement two tier architecture like resource allocation technique, interference management, pricing models and optimum service discovery protocols.
Modeling Volatility in the Stock Market for Accuracy in Forecasting

In this paper, the best GARCH type model was selected and compared with the machine learning models, such as Extreme Learning Machine (ELM) and Multilayer Perceptron Neural Network (MLP-NN) models in modeling and forecasting monthly return of the financial market data. The objective of the study was to compare the best model in forecasting New York and Shanghai Stock Composite indices, for the period 01.01. 1996 to 01.09. 2019. The GJR-GARCH model outperformed other GARCH type models based on the Schwarz Bayesian Information Criterion (SSBIC). The Monte Carlo simulation carried at 1000, 2000, 3000, 4000 and 5000 finite sample (window) sizes to test the consistency of the GJR-GARCH model parameters has shown perfect results between true and the simulated coefficients. Finally, the GJR-GARCH model was compared with the MLPNN and ELM machine learning models. The monthly return forecasting of two years (24 months) was done starting from period 01.09. 2019 to 01.09. 2021. The study found the MLP-NN model as the best in the modeling and forecasting monthly returns of the two composite stock indices for the two years by considering the Root Mean Square Error (RMSE). The study recommends that further research should focus on the formulation of the hybrid model that combines machine learning and the GJR-GARCH models in forecasting stock market volatility.
An analysis on the photometric variability of V 1490 Cyg

Variability in Young Stellar Objects (YSOs) is one of their primary characteristics. Long-term, multi-filter, high-cadence monitoring of large samples aids understanding of such sources. Although data from the HOYS citizen science project allows for such monitoring, usage of different filters introduces colour-terms to the photometric data. This thesis outlines the development of a novel colour-term correction method, improving photometric error to within a couple of percent. The corrected light curve for the YSO, V 1490 Cyg, is then discussed in detail. The source is observed to be a quasi periodic dipper with a period of 31.447 ± 0.011 days. Long and short-term variability is observed for B, V, Rc and Ic data, with larger variability on short timescales for U and Hα. U amplitudes were observed to vary on timescales of hours, indicating the source is still accreting. No significant trends were observed in the structure function, with the amount of mass in the occulting structure seen to vary by up to a factor of 10 for both mass increase and decrease. The lower estimate of the typical accretion rate of V 1490 Cyg was found of the order 10^(−10) Mʘ/year, consistent with low levels of accretion as seen in other T-Tauri stars. Investigating the orbiting structure in V vs. V − Ic parameter space suggests low column density material with roughly ISM dust properties. Embedded in this envelope are denser, small-scale structures, most likely composed of larger dust grains. The scattering properties of this material are consistent and do not change over time. An accurate distance to both IC 5070 and V 1490 Cyg of 870 (+70, −55) pc has been determined using Gaia. Literature near-infrared (NIR) and mid-infrared (MIR) data suggest that V 1490 Cyg is most likely a CTTS, with a currently low, but variable accretion rate. It is potentially at the start of the transition into a WTTS or transition disk object. This thesis finds the nature of the variability of the source is most likely attributed to a protoplanet-induced disk warp.
Induced Resistance and Plant Density of a Native Shrub, Gossypium Thurberi, Affect Its Herbivores

This field experiment examined whether early—season damage to a wild, native shrub affected the survival and cumulative numbers over several generations of its most abundant herbivore, Bucculatrix thurberiella. The effects of reduced plant density on these herbivores and possible interactions between density and induced resistance were also considered. Half of the plants were damaged experimentally at the start of the season by feeding caterpillars; the other half served as controls. Half of the plants experienced experimentally reduced densities of neighbors, while the other half were surrounded by natural densities. Early—season damage did not influence the initiation of new mines, although plants experiencing reduced density received significantly more mines than controls. Miners were less likely to survive on plants that had been damaged in 1989. This was also true in 1990 but only for those plants at reduced density. Effects on one stage in the life cycle of an insect need not translate into similar effects on the size of its population on a host plant. In this study, I was able to measure effects of resistance induction on the cumulative numbers of B. thurberiella because it completes many generations in each season and because a record of each individual is preserved at the end of the season. Damaged plants and those that had natural densities of neighbors had fewer cumulative numbers of mines than plants that had not been previously damaged and those with reduced densities of neighbors. Plant density had a greater effect than induced resistance on the cumulative number of mines produced over an entire season.
DETECTING MOTION BY COMBINING THE STRUCTURE-TEXTURE IMAGE DECOMPOSITION AND SPACE-TIME INTEREST POINTS

Among all the features which can be extracted from videos, we propose to use Space-Time Interest Points (STIP), these ones are particularly interesting because they are simple and robust. They allow a good characterization of a set of regions of interest corresponding to moving objects in a three-dimensional observed scene. In this paper, we show how the resulting features often reflect interesting events that can be used for a compact representation of video data as well as for tracking. For a good detection of moving objects, we propose to apply the algorithm of the detection of spatiotemporal interest points on both components of the decomposition which is based on a partial differential equation (PDE): a geometric structure component and a texture component. Proposed results are obtained from very different types of videos, namely sport videos and animation movies.
Analysis of Self-Eficacy and Academic Achievement of Elementary School Teachers in Zanjanrood Area, Zanjan, Iran

This study aimed to investigate the correlation between teachers’ self-efficacy and primary school sixth grade students’ educational motivation and educational achievement in Zanjanrood. This was applied descriptivecorrelational study. The population consisted of all primary school sixth grade teachers in Zanjanrood in 20152016 (N= 62; 35 women and 27 men). According to Morgan table, the sample size was determined to be 52 people. For increase of data validity, all 62 teachers were selected as sample. The research tool included Harter’s Educational Motivation Questionnaire and Tschannen’s Self-efficacy Questionnaire. The students’ math scores average in first term was used the educational achievement. The content validity of questionnaires was confirmed; using Cronbach’ Alpha, the reliability of questionnaires was determined to be to be 0.87 and 0.92, respectively. The descriptive and inferential (Pearson correlation coefficient, independent t-test, one-way ANOVA, and multiple variable regression) statistics were used for analyzing the data. The findings showed that there was a significant correlation between teachers self-efficacy components (engaging students in learning, teaching strategies, and classroom management style) and students’ educational motivation (internal and external) components and educational achievement. The findings indicated that there was no difference in teachers’ self-efficacy considering their gender, age, experience, and education level. There was no difference in students' motivation considering teachers’ gender, age, and experience, except their education. Also, there was no difference in educational achievement of students considering teachers’ gender, experience, and education, except the age. The teachers’ self-efficacy components predicted students’ educational motivation and educational achievement. The findings showed that there was positive correlation between teachers’ selfefficacy and students’ educational motivation and educational achievement.
Analyzing Behavior of Cancer Patients using Machine Learning Techniques

: The online discussion forums and blogs are very vibrant platforms for cancer patients to express their views in the form of stories. These stories sometimes become a source of inspiration for some patients who are anxious in searching the similar cases. This paper proposes a method using natural language processing and machine learning to analyze unstructured texts accumulated from patient’s reviews and stories. The proposed methodology aims to identify behavior, emotions, side-effects, decisions and demographics associated with the cancer victims. The pre-processing phase of our work involves extraction of web text followed by text-cleaning where some special characters and symbols are omitted, and finally tagging the texts using NLTK’s (Natural Language Toolkit) POS (Parts of Speech) Tagger. The post-processing phase performs training of seven machine learning classifiers (refer Table 6). The Decision Tree classifier shows the higher precision (0.83) among the other classifiers while, the Area under the operating Characteristics (AUC) for Support Vector Machine (SVM) classifier is highest (0.98).
Population dynamics of flounders in the northern Baltic Sea : declines, cryptic species and environmental drivers

Initiated by signs of drastic declines of once abundant flounders in the northern Baltic Sea, this thesis characterised/quantified these declines and studied their potential reasons. Multiple approaches were used to describe population trends, reveal intricacies in stock structure, and assess links to key environmental drivers. The results from the thesis verified clear negative trends in both adult and juvenile flounders in the northern Baltic Sea over the last 2–4 decades. Genetics revealed well-defined genetic structure and evidence for far gone speciation among Baltic Sea flounders, leading to the recognition of two instead of one flounder species, one of which was recently described as the only endemic fish species known to the region. Contrary to previous belief, flounders on the coast of Finland in the northern Baltic Sea were shown to be a mixed assemblage of this cryptic species pair. The thesis further showed that temporal variability in local species composition of the flounder assemblage explained some of the observed stock decline and was related to changing local and regional environmental conditions, of which reproductive volume, salinity, temperature and eutrophication were identified as potentially important factors. Finally, the thesis presented a new method for modelling environmental suitability for long-term population maintenance of the newly described Baltic flounder. The knowledge obtained has great value for how we understand and investigate stock composition and population dynamics of Baltic Sea flounders, and relates to issues of source-sink mechanisms, population connectivity, biological traits, resilience to exploitation and environmental change, among others. The results are likely important for future management and conservation of these fishes in the changing environment of the Baltic Sea.
Performance Measure for Detection of Data Discontinuity in Large Scale System

: One of the major issues looked by analyst is getting ready to use data in order to determining the opportune recognizable proof of discontinuities in data.An irregularity is a unexpected alteration in the period arrangement example of a presentationpledge that holds on yet does not repeat. In this paper, the proposed work is client get approve by utilizing versatile validation and the performance can be assessed by utilizing the experiments, if experiment conditions are tried lastly produce the report. The client is legitimate to utilize the system then the performance can be determined dependent on their performance conduct of the target system.
Supplementary Material: A Self-supervised Approach for Adversarial Robustness

We first explore why Self-supervised Perturbation (SSP) attack works in Appendix A. In Appendix B, we compare NRP with conventional adversarial training (AT) method known as feature denoising [17] in terms of adversarial robustness and defense training time. Differences of our proposed attack and defense from feature scattering [19] method are discussed in Appendix C. Ability of SSP to fool object detectors is compared against CDA [14] in Appendix D. We show that different transformation based defenses, JPEG, total variation minimization (TVM) and median filtering (MF) are not effective against SSP in Appendix E. Attack parameters against which our defense is evaluated are provided in Appendix F. Finally, we visually demonstrate NRP’s ability to remove different kinds of adversarial perturbations in Appendix G.
Characterization of Recombinant Corn GlutathioneS-Transferase Isoforms I, II, III, and IV

Abstract Glutathione S -transferases (GSTs) are involved in detoxification of a wide variety of electrophilic compounds including herbicides. Several corn isoforms (GSTs) have been studied for their ability to conjugate these substrates with reduced glutathione (GSH). Three cDNAs, encoding corn GST subunits of 29, 27, and 26 kDa, respectively, were cloned into expression systems in Escherichia coli. N-terminal 6xHis-tagged recombinant GST isoforms I, II, III, and IV were purified with nickel-nitrilotriacetic acid (Ni-NTA) metal-affinity chromatography and were analyzed biochemically. As the corn enzymes, each recombinant GST isoform also consists of two subunits. Using three different GST-substrates, recombinant isoforms showed similar substrate specificities as natural corn GSTs. Some GST isoforms may be involved in the defense response to oxidative stress in plants. Besides standard GST activities, inactivation of endogenous, toxic αβ-unsaturated aldehydes was measured. Furthermore two recombinant GST isoforms (GST II and GST IV) showed high glutathione peroxidase activity using three different organic hydroperoxides as substrates. Apparently, GST isoforms including the 27-kDa subunit show glutathione peroxidase activity.
Seasonal changes in the population structure of the Chinese mitten crab, Eriocheir sinensis (H. Milne Edwards) in the Odra/Oder estuary

A total of 1642 individuals of the Chinese mitten crab, Eriocheir sinensis caught in 2001-2002 in the Odra estuary, were measured. The carapace width was found to range from 46.68 to 92.31 mm (mean width 66.61 ± 7.33 mm); the mean carapace widths of females and males were 65.40 ± 6.82 mm (46.68-88.85 mm) and 67.96 ± 7.66 mm (47.04-92.31 mm), respectively. There were distinct differences in the numbers of individuals caught in different months. The highest number of crabs (85.44% of all individuals) was caught in autumn, as a consequence of reproductive migration. In the total number of 1642 specimens examined, males were slightly dominant (51.4%), in particular in October (55.31%) and November (52.01%). Females dominated in spring and summer and contributed 57.2-64.7%. Un total de 1642 individus du crabe chinois Eriocheir sinensis captures en 2001-2002 dans l'estuaire de l'Odra ont ete mesures. La largeur de la carapace etait comprise entre 46,68 et 92,31 mm (largeur moyenne 66,61 ± 7,33 mm); la largeur moyenne de la carapace des femelles et des mâles etait de 65,40 ± 6,82 mm (46,68-88,85 mm) et 67,96 ± 7,66 mm (47,04-92,31 mm), respectivement. Des differences notables ont ete observees dans les nombres d'individus captures suivant le mois. Le nombre le plus eleve de crabes (85,44% de tous les individus) a ete recolte en automne, suite a la migration de reproduction. Sur le nombre total des 1642 specimens examines, les mâles etaient legerement dominants (51,4%), en particulier en octobre (55,31%) et novembre (52,01%). Les femelles dominaient au printemps et en ete, dans la proportion de 57,2-64,7%.
Evaluating Yam-Based Cropping Systems Using Herbaceous Leguminous Plants in the Savannah Transitional Agroecological Zone of Benin

Traditional yam cropping systems are based on shifting cultivation and slash and burn which lead to deforestation and soil degradation. The objective of this study was to determine the productivity of cropping sequences with herbaceous legumes and their effects on the profitability of subsequent yam. We compared smallholders' traditional cropping sequences (one-year fallow of Andropogonon gayanus, maize) with those using herbaceous legumes (maize-Aeschynomene histrix, maize-Mucuna pruriens var utilis) during 2002–2005. Highest dry mater, nutrients recycled, and net nitrogen contribution were found with Mucuna preceding yam (P < 0.001). Highest net revenue and return on investment were achieved in yam-based with legumes.
Is the Flynn effect related to migration?

Generational IQ test score gains in the general population (the Flynn effect) have been observed to diminish in strength in recent years, and there is evidence for a stagnation and even a reversal of the Flynn effect in a number of countries. Here, we show that there is only little evidence for effects of migration, fertility, and mortality as substantive correlates of IQ decreases. We argue that the stagnation of the Flynn effect may be explained by ceiling effects and diminishing returns of IQ-boosting factors, whilst its reversal can be attributed to negative associations with psychometric g.
Organizing and Managing Contributor Involvement in Hybrid Open Source Software Development Communities

Open Source Software (OSS) products have become an essential component in the value-creation mechanisms of commercial software development. Therefore, many OSS development projects are driven by strong professionalism in an environment that mixes the common good interests with commercial direction. For organizations that hope to create new, or engage with existing OSS development communities, it is essential to understand this balance to create a successful collaboration. This thesis addresses the many problems of organizing and managing OSSdevelopment model-based communities. We present mixed-method case studies of large and established, commercially influenced OSS development projects, that are orchestrated by a central organization. This evidence describes how differently the organization and governance of hybrid communities can be configured. It illustrates how a community’s participatory options and knowledge flows can be used to leverage its openness. Management challenges of these complex environments are described, and practitioner-proven means for alleviating them are presented. We find that the hybrid OSS developer community can be organized as an environment for serious, goal-oriented work, and as an environment for experience-based learning. Our results highlight how important it is to consider what value each inand outflow of knowledge brings to both the orchestrator, and to the community’s contributors. Similarly, orchestra-
ADVANCED ENERGY RESOURCE UTILIZATION IN ADHOC NETWORKS BASED ON CWA-CD

Ad hoc methods have complete self planning and self-configuring capabilities, that needs no current program features or management. Hypothetically TCP happens to be a transport-layer technique designed to provide a efficient end-to-end submission of data over untrustworthy methods. But actually TCP actions some complications in multi hop ad hoc methods especially direction issues. To address this problem previously an improved TCP technique to cope with direction issues using discussion identification using obstruction window difference (CWA–CD) methods is designed and used. Although it's efficiency is appropriate its incapability to consider node versatility as a part to cope with direction issues is a cause for issue. So for a effective and better program efficiency we suggest to use a choose and focus on forwarder a history requirements that controls node versatility part along with CWA–CD methods. The requirements contains ongoing up-dates of location information for every small-time periods of time and steps to sort out the delivering history that helps connections. A realistic performance of the recommended program validates the declare in terms of efficiency.
Receptors associated with Pathogenesis of Breast Cancer: A Mini-Review

Breast cancer is a very common type of cancer among female and may be found in some males but that is very rare. When the cells of the breast start to grow uncontrollably then breast cancer is seen. Breast cancer is a very common invasive cancer found in women that affects 1 in 8 women during their lives and second major cause of cancer death after lung cancer. Breast cancer develops from breast tissue, but there are several risk factors which cause this. Several factors like age, obesity, taking birth control pills, drinking alcohol, no children or late motherhood, dense breast may be the factors causing breast cancer. The various types of receptors associated with the pathogenesis of breast cancer and their prospective study is most necessary for the treatment of the disease. The present study discusses the findings with respect to the involvement of different types of receptors in breast cancer disease and more stress is given on triple negative breast cancer (TNBC).