Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Diagnosing gestational diabetes mellitus in women following bariatric surgery: A national survey of lead diabetes midwives

Background: Bariatric surgery is becoming more common among women of fertile age to manage obesity. The number of pregnancies following bariatric surgery is, therefore, likely to rise. The standard oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) may lead to dizziness, sweating and collapse in people after some types of bariatric surgery. Aims: In view of this potential pitfall in the diagnosis of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) after bariatric surgery, the authors surveyed midwifery units to establish current practice for the screening and diagnosis of GDM in women who have had bariatric surgery. Methods: Out of 164 English obstetric units, 120 email surveys were sent to a network of lead diabetes midwives in units across England. A reminder email was sent 4 weeks later. Findings: Twenty-seven (22.5%) responses were received. Five respondents (26%) had specific policies in place to manage pregnancies after bariatric surgery. A wide variety of approaches to GDM screening and diagnosis were used in women with a hist.
„Ein aktives Leben leben”- Sport, Bewegung und Gesundheit im mittleren und höheren Erwachsenenalter

: In a society with an aging population, the preventive healthcare importance of physical activity in middle-aged and older adults is growing. The purpose of the study "Living an active life - age and aging in Baden-Wuerttemberg" is to acquire generalisable data of practical relevance for the 50- to 70-year-old population of Baden-Wuerttemberg. The main themes of this study are sports, exercise, and health-related and lifestyle aspects--from both a current and a biographical perspective. Following conceptualization and a test run, the survey was conducted by means of a computer-assisted telephone interview (CATI) in the period from May to October 2006. 982 men and 1,020 women responded. The percentage of respondents with a high level of education was disproportionately high, as is frequently the case for telephone surveys. Due to the resultant bias, the data was weighted by age, gender and education on the basis of the German Microcensus 2004. In addition to serving as a health report on the middle-aged and older adult population, this basic survey generated representative data on physical/sporting activity among older people in Baden-Wuerttemberg, and can be used as a reliable basis for designing future preventive measures. First analyses show that people with higher educational levels and good health, and non-smokers, people with balanced diet and normal weight are more likely to do sporting activities.
Contextualising student engagement: Orientation and beyond in teacher education

The first year of higher education is particularly significant in influencing students’ ongoing success in and experience of university, and also as it is the time when students are most likely to fail academically, and most at risk financially, socially, emotionally, and physically. Further, the first few weeks at university have implications for the long-term persistence and engagement of students with their studies. This paper discusses four key challenges to student engagement in university, with a specific focus on how these challenges relate to teacher education. It then describes how the Faculty of Education at the University of Tasmania sought to address these challenges in practice through the development of a week-long orientation program, linked to ongoing academic and social support. Preliminary outcomes of this project are also discussed.
Exploration of user experience innovation on the application of detecting blood glucose

Giving users the convenience of life, the blood glucose monitoring apps are very popular among diabetics. In this paper, on the basis of experience analysis of the application of existing blood glucose monitoring apps and the demand analysis of such apps, the user experience goals of glucose monitoring apps were concluded. At the same time, according to the experience goals, the innovative thinking of creating "emotional" blood glucose monitoring apps was put forward. 1. Preface As people's living standard is increasingly raised, diabetes has become a common chronic disease which threatens residents' physical health. Diabetes patients are likely to have negative emotions such as loneliness, helplessness and lack of sense of safety. At this time, they have urgent demand for comfort so they hope to be cared by families, the society and doctors, etc. At present, most of blood glucose monitoring apps focus on blood glucose monitoring and ignore patients' emotional demand. Under such circumstance, the article proposed to develop blood glucose monitoring apps centering on emotional services from the perspective of user experience.
Reconstruction of the edentulous mandible.

: Three techniques, the subperiosteal mandibular bone plate, the mandibular staple bone plate and the titanium plasma screw implant system, used in the reconstruction of the edentulous mandible, are reviewed. The surgical and prosthetic techniques for each type of implant are described. A first attempt at gathering statistics on the results obtained with these implants is reported.
Estabilidade de uma bebida funcional de frutas tropicais e yacon ( Smallanthus sonchifolius ) durante o armazenamento sob refrigeração

: The development of beverages with functional properties must consider the preservation of the bioactive or functional properties during storage. For this reason, the aim of this study was to evaluate the stability of a functional beverage of tropical fruits and yacon, stored under refrigeration. The beverage, composed by 50% of yacon and 50% of a blended tropical fruits (camu-camu, acerola, cashew-apple, yellow mombin, acai and pineapple), was pasteurized (90 seconds/ 85⁰C) and stored under refrigeration (5⁰C). After processing and on 45 day intervals until the end of storage, were assayed the bioactive compounds (ascorbic acid and total extractable polyphenols), antioxidant activity, total soluble solids, titratable total acidity, pH, color (L*, a* and b*), total sugar content, sucrose, glucose and fructose, and nd the physical and chemical analyzes were limited by decreased total antioxidant activity and their bioactive components. The beverage showed relative physical and chemical quality during storage period, and in the 225 days of storage, the total extractable polyphenols and total antioxidant activity showed a significantly decline, and thus , these parameters were evaluated only until this period. However, the main limitation for the beverage storage was due to. sensory acceptability and microbiological safety, which although in accordance with Brazilian legislation, limited storage period for 90 days.
Identification of Different DermatophytesIsolated From Cattle, Cats and Horses Suffered From Skin Lesions -

Dermatophytes are considered one of the important zoonotic superficial fungal skin diseases in different animal species in the world especially among immunocompromised, stressed and senile individuals. The disease affects the animal productivity, leather industry (cattle), animal performance (Horses) and zoonotic importance (cats). our study focused on three main species cattle, horses and cats with skin lesions suspected to be ring worm to determine the different causes. Diagnosis was carried out using direct examination of skin scraping, isolation of the fungus using FungAssay and microscopic determination of fungal spores and microconidia. Different species of dermatophytes were isolated from calves including, Microsporumcanis and Microsporum gypsum , while in horses Trichophytonmentagrophytes and Microsporum gypsum were isolated and in cats Trichophytonmentagrophytes and Microsporumcanis were isolated. Mixed infection was reported in some cases. We could conclude that the isolated fungi are Microsporumcanis,Trichophytonmentagrophytes and Microsporum gypsum .
Regulation of heart triglyceride synthesis in diabetes.

: Heart triglyceride content and triglyceride synthesis were studied in control, ketotic diabetic, and insulin-treated rats. Heart triglyceride content was increased in the ketotic diabetic state but was reversed to control values on insulin treatment of the diabetic rats. Triglyceride synthesis in heart homogenates was sensitive to incubation temperature. Triglyceride synthesis from [U-14C]sn-glycero-3-phosphate was increased in the diabetic state, suggesting that increased synthesis played a role in heart triglyceride accumulation. The addition of the end product of triglyceride synthesis, e.g., triolein, to incubation mixtures resulted in inhibition of triglyceride synthesis in heart homogenates of control and diabetic rats. The results suggested that the enzymes of heart triglyceride synthesis were less sensitive to feedback inhibition in the diabetic state.
Hypoglycaemia in diabetes mellitus : protecting the brain : Insulin: action and secretion

The human brain generally uses glucose as its principal metabolic fuel but cerebral metabolism and function during hypoglycaemia can be supported by a variety of substrates. Different brain regions may vary in this. The brain's ability to sense a falling blood glucose concentration and initiate a protective response varies according to prior glycaemic experience. The brain's ability to use non-glucose fuels may ultimately be of therapeutic use. Meanwhile, avoidance of even moderate hypoglycaemia during normal clinical treatment of diabetes mellitus leads to restoration of protective symptomatic responses to early hypoglycaemia, without necessarily causing a deterioration in overall glycaemic control.
Clinical examination: Skin

Recognition of cutaneous presentations associated with liver disease can provide clues to diagnosis and disease severity. It is important to recognize that these cutaneous findings are not necessarily disease specific and may occur in other clinical settings in the absence of liver disease. To cover this spectrum, I will review skin changes seen with hepatic cirrhosis followed by skin associations with specific liver diseases, including primary biliary cirrhosis, viral hepatitis, hemochromatosis, and Wilson’s disease.
Plasma l‐α‐acetylmethadol (LAAM) after acute and chronic administration

l‐α‐Acetylmethadol (LAAM) was administered orally to two groups of subjects; one group received methadone. 50 mg/day. for three months previously and the other group were heroin addicts who had no prior exposure to methadone or LAAM. Plasma elimination curves for methadone. LAAM. and its metabolites. noracetylmethadol (N‐LAAM) and dinoracetylmethadol (DN‐LAAM). were determined after acute and chronic administration. The plasma decay curve for LAAM was biexponential (t½α = 6 hr; t½β > 50 hr) following acute or chronic administration. Following chronic administration. N‐LAAM and DN‐LAAM plasma levels increased 5‐ to 10‐fold. At this time. N‐LAAM had a t½ of 31 hr and DN‐LAAM had a t½ of > 100 hr. There appear to be at least two factors which determine the long duration of action of LAAM: metabolic conversion to active metabolites and tissue or plasma binding. Both methadone and LAAM may compete for plasma protein or tissue binding sites. The clinical implications of this potential drug‐drug interaction are discussed.
Emerging Blood Culture Technologies for Isolation of Blood Pathogens at Clinical Microbiology Laboratories

Bloodstream infections (BSIs) are important cause of morbidity and mortality in patients. Around 20 million cases of severe sepsis arise each year worldwide. Rapid and accurate identification of the etiologic pathogen is crucial to be able to initiate pathogen specific antibiotic therapy and decrease mortality rates, and for reducing length of hospitalization and hospital costs. These identification techniques are applied on various emerging blood culture techniques. This review summarized and presented the currently available technologies and different strategies of conventional laboratory diagnostic steps for blood stream infection. Based on their capability these techniques can be manual, semi-automated or fully automated. Considering the importance of blood cultures in diagnosis and management of bloodstream infections, it is prudent and relevant to understand the principles, technical requirements and limitations of these technologies. Nowadays, there are various emerging blood culture techniques for the diagnosis of blood stream infections and drug susceptibility testing. Among these are API, the BBL systems, the BACTEC systems, the VITEK systems, the BacT/Alert, the BacT/Alert 3D and the Versa TREK system can be mentioned. These systems depend on various detection principles and cultural environments to detect microorganisms. The selection of instrument for the identification and susceptibility testing of bacteria in diagnostic laboratory rely on speed, accuracy, ease of use and cost factors. All marketed identification systems are based on one of five different technologies or a combination of them. These include pH-based reactions, enzyme-based reactions, utilization of carbon sources, visual detection of bacterial growth, or detection of volatility fatty acids.
Changes in clinical outcomes following completion of an interdisciplinary chronic pain management program and the impact of increased pain knowledge : a chart review

ii Preface . iv Table of Contents . v List of Tables . x List of Figures . xi List of Abbreviations . xii Acknowledgements . xiii Dedication . xv Chapter 1: Introduction . 1 1.1 Chronic Pain . 1 1.2 The Cost of Chronic Pain . 3 1.3 Under-­‐treatment of Chronic Pain . 3 1.4 Interdisciplinary Chronic Pain Management . 4 1.5 Process Variables and Essential Program Components . 7 1.6 Pain Knowledge and Pain Neurophysiology Education . 8 1.7 Current State of the Literature . 10 1.8 Current Study . 11 1.9 Purpose of Current Study . 12 1.10 Objectives and Hypotheses . 13
The occurrence of the vection illusion among helicopter pilots while flying over water.

: U.S. Coast Guard helicopter pilots were questioned on the occurrence of the vection illusion while flying over water under different light and sea conditions. A total of 267 (79.9%) pilots completed the study questionnaire. The illusion of vection was experienced by 248 (92.5%) of these pilots. The majority of the pilots, 209 (84.6%), reported that dark rather than light visual conditions increased the likelihood of experiencing vection. Vection was considered likely to occur over rough seas by more pilots [114 (46.2%)] then over smooth seas [81 (37.8%)]. Several pilots commented that they had responded to the illusion with aircraft movement. The vection illusion is a common experience among helicopter pilots while flying over open water. Low light conditions and rough sea states are conducive to experiencing the vection illusion. Pilots may respond to the illusion with aircraft control movements, which raises flight safety concerns.
Indications de la transplantation hépatique

Les indications de la transplantation hepatique sont de deux ordres: des indications liees a des "criteres communs de gravite", pris en compte par le score MELD (Model for End-stage Liver Disease), et donc par le score Foie de l'Agence de biomedecine, et des indications non prises en compte par le score MELD, reposant sur des criteres specifiques de gravite. Le score MELD permet de classer correctement la majorite des patients porteurs d'une cirrhose ou d'une maladie cholestatique, mais certains patients appartenant a ces categories sont mal classes: il s'agit en particulier de patients porteurs d'une encephalopathie chronique, d'une ascite refractaire ou d'un hydrothorax, d'un syndrome hepato-renal, d'un syndrome hepato-pulmonaire, d'une hypertension porto-pulmonaire. Dans ces cas, l'acces a la TH repose sur l'avis d'experts. Le score Foie permet egalement de classer les patients atteints de carcinome hepatocellulaire. D'autres indications, minoritaires, ne peuvent reposer que sur l'avis d'experts: c'est le cas en particulier des maladies metaboliques, du syndrome de Budd-Chiari chronique, de la neuropathie amyloide, de la polykystose hepatique, de la maladie de Rendu-Osler et des cancers rares: cholangiocarcinome peri-hilaire, tumeurs neuro-endocrines.
Cardiac output monitoring by echocardiography: should we pass on Swan-Ganz catheters?

Transesophageal echocardiography offers a noninvasive technique for the continuous monitoring of cardiac performance. The combination of 2-dimensional echocardiography and Doppler velocitometry provide assessment of cardiac anatomy, valve function and, ventricular loading conditions. Although transesophageal echocardiography has become accepted for perioperative monitoring, it is typically used in conjunction with Swan-Ganz catheterization. To supplant Swan-Ganz catheters, an echocardiographic technique to monitor cardiac output is necessary. Despite considerable effort to achieve this goal, a satisfactory technique has been difficult to realize. This paper discusses the role of cardiac output monitoring in perioperative care and critically examines echocardiographic techniques for cardiac output monitoring. ImagesFigure 4Figure 7Figure 10
In the Literature Timing Hemodialysis Initiation: A Call for Clinical Judgment

Determining the right time to initiate long-term kidney replacement therapy is a challenge. Traditional indications for acute kidney failure include acidosis, electrolyte abnormalities, intoxications, fluid overload, and uremia, with a push toward earlier initiation. However, indications for chronic kidney failure are more subtle, with uremia the dominant indication for dialysis therapy initiation and conservative treatments potentially available to allow for later dialysis therapy initiation, even for individuals with a very low estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR). Accordingly, defining uremia is critical for identifying the timing of long-term kidney replacement therapy; unfortunately, there are no definitive signs or symptoms that can reliably identify uremia. One review loosely defined uremia as “the illness accompanying kidney failure that cannot be explained by derangements in extracellular volume, inorganic ion concentrations, or lack of known renal synthetic products. ” This definition is challenging to translate into day-to-day clinical practice because uremia often is marked by fatigue and lethargy, anorexia, sleep disturbances, and pruritus, none of which are specific to kidney failure. Accordingly, we rely on our clinical interpretation of symptoms in combination with measurable proxies of uremia to help us guide the timing of dialysis therapy initiation. The most notable proxy is eGFR, which is based on serum level of creatinine; this is an extremely useful measure, but one with limitations that are critical to deciphering the recent literature about the timing of dialysis therapy initiation. In past decades, there has been a trend toward initiation of kidney replacement therapies at higher eGFRs at all ages (Fig 1). Hypothesized reasons for this trend include reliance on eGFR values over symptoms, poor understanding of guidelines for initiation,
β-Adrenergic Blockers: A 50-Year Historical Perspective

The development and subsequent clinical application of the β-adrenergic receptor blocking drugs over the past 50 years represent one of the major advances in human pharmacotherapy. No other class of synthetic drugs has demonstrated such widespread therapeutic utility for the treatment of so many cardiovascular and noncardiovascular diseases. In addition, these drugs have proven to be molecular probes that have contributed to our understanding of disease, and on the molecular level, both the structure and the function of the 7 transmembrane G protein receptors, which mediate the actions of many different hormones, neurotransmitters, and drugs. The evolution of β-blocker drug development has led to refinements in their pharmacodynamic actions that include agents with relative β1-selectivity, partial agonist activity, concomitant α-adrenergic blockers activity, and direct vasodilator activity. In addition, long-acting and ultra-short-acting formulations of β-blockers have also demonstrated a remarkable record of clinical safety in patients of all ages. Indeed, the β-adrenergic blockers have provided us with a great clinical legacy for now and in years to come.
Empfehlungen für die Umgebungsuntersuchungen bei Tuberkulose

In 2007, the German Central Committee against Tuberculosis (DZK) published recommendations for contact tracing that introduced the new interferon gamma release assays (IGRAs). Meanwhile, substantial progress has been made in documenting the utility of IGRAs. Because IGRAs are usually superior to the tuberculin skin test (TST) in detecting latent TB infection (LTBI) with respect to sensitivity and specificity in adult contact populations that are at least partially BCG vaccinated, it is now recommended that instead of two-step testing only IGRAs be used. As the literature does not yet provide sufficient data on the accuracy of IGRAs in children younger than 5 years, the TST remains the method of choice in that age group. To date, also, no clear body of data exists to substantiate better performance for IGRAs than for the TST in older children, thus in this age group using of either test is recommended. The new recommendations also underscore the importance of a diligent preselection of close contacts in order to achieve a high probability that positive test results represent recent infection and to thus increase the benefit of chemopreventive treatment for those identified as requiring it. In a third point of update, it is noted that re-testing of contacts individuals found positive for LTBI may produce a considerable number of false-negative results and should thus be avoided in case of documented exposure.
[Immunomorphological features of cutaneous basal-cell carcinoma].

: An immunohistochemical study of p53, Ki-67, bcl-2, CK-8 and collagen IV was conducted in 47 basal-cell carcinomas (BCC) to ascertain their prognostic value. The increasing index of the proliferative markers (Ki-67 up to 55.71 and p53 up to 63.29%, respectively) was characteristic of infiltrative BCC (p = 0.017-0.027). There was a distinct correlation between p53 and Ki-67 levels, on the one hand, and the main clinico-morphological features of BCC (r=0.63-0.78), on the other. Elevated expression of proliferative markers proved to be a factor of unfavorable prognosis. High anti-apoptotic bcl-2 expression in superficial BCC (36.85%) was matched by its decrease in nodular carcinoma and was minimal in high grade infiltrative BCC (13.24%). CK-8 expression did not vary significantly within the 67.21-71.39% of tumor cells as far as different histotopographic patterns are concerned. Most prominent basement membrane ruptures, as evaluated by collagen IV expression, occurred in infiltrative BCC (p=0.008).
Developmental trauma disorder: En løsning på barnetraumatologifeltets problem?

Developmental trauma disorder: Can it solve the problem of child traumatology? Complex traumatic experiences (such as repeated or long-term exposure to domestic violence, abuse or neglect) during childhood represent a major threat to public health. Still, the field of child traumatology has lacked a unifying conceptualisation of complex trauma symptoms. Victims get a number of diagnoses, each of them carrying different aetiological assumptions and treatment rationales. As a consequence their traumatic history may remain hidden, and they may not get the proper treatment. In an attempt to solve this problem, a proposal has been made to include a new diagnosis in the next DSM; Developmental Trauma Disorder. In this article, we describe the scientific context and the reasoning behind the new diagnosis, before we discuss its possible advantages and disadvantages.