Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A Case Study of the Relative Effects of Power Plant Nitrogen Oxides and Sulfur Dioxide Emission Reductions on Atmospheric Nitrogen Deposition

Abstract The contrasting effects of point source nitrogen oxides (NOx) and sulfur dioxide (SO2) air emission reductions on regional atmospheric nitrogen deposition are analyzed for the case study of a coal-fired power plant in the southeastern United States. The effect of potential emission reductions at the plant on nitrogen deposition to Escambia Bay and its watershed on the Florida–Alabama border is simulated using the three-dimensional Eulerian Community Multiscale Air Quality (CMAQ) model. A method to quantify the relative and individual effects of NOx versus SO2 controls on nitrogen deposition using air quality modeling results obtained from the simultaneous application of NOx and SO2 emission controls is presented and discussed using the results from CMAQ simulations conducted with NOx-only and SO2-only emission reductions; the method applies only to cases in which ambient inorganic nitrate is present mostly in the gas phase; that is, in the form of gaseous nitric acid (HNO3). In such instances, the individual effects of NOx and SO2 controls on nitrogen deposition can be approximated by the effects of combined NOx + SO2 controls on the deposition of NOy (the sum of oxidized nitrogen species) and reduced nitrogen species (NHx), respectively. The benefit of controls at the plant in terms of the decrease in nitrogen deposition to Escambia Bay and watershed is less than 6% of the overall benefit due to regional Clean Air Interstate Rule (CAIR) controls.
HLB1 Is a Tetratricopeptide Repeat Domain-Containing Protein That Operates at the Intersection of the Exocytic and Endocytic Pathways at the TGN/EE in Arabidopsis[OPEN]

A forward-genetic screen for Arabidopsis mutants hypersensitive to latrunculin B identifies HLB1 as a plant-specific protein that functions in post-Golgi traffic. The endomembrane system plays essential roles in plant development, but the proteome responsible for its function and organization remains largely uncharacterized in plants. Here, we identified and characterized the HYPERSENSITIVE TO LATRUNCULIN B1 (HLB1) protein isolated through a forward-genetic screen in Arabidopsis thaliana for mutants with heightened sensitivity to actin-disrupting drugs. HLB1 is a plant-specific tetratricopeptide repeat domain-containing protein of unknown function encoded by a single Arabidopsis gene. HLB1 associated with the trans-Golgi network (TGN)/early endosome (EE) and tracked along filamentous actin, indicating that it could link post-Golgi traffic with the actin cytoskeleton in plants. HLB1 was found to interact with the ADP-ribosylation-factor guanine nucleotide exchange factor, MIN7/BEN1 (HOPM INTERACTOR7/BREFELDIN A-VISUALIZED ENDOCYTIC TRAFFICKING DEFECTIVE1) by coimmunoprecipitation. The min7/ben1 mutant phenocopied the mild root developmental defects and latrunculin B hypersensitivity of hlb1, and analyses of a hlb1/ min7/ben1 double mutant showed that hlb1 and min7/ben1 operate in common genetic pathways. Based on these data, we propose that HLB1 together with MIN7/BEN1 form a complex with actin to modulate the function of the TGN/EE at the intersection of the exocytic and endocytic pathways in plants.
Bubble Flow Control in High-Radix Hierarchical Networks

Resumen— Dragonfly networks have been recently proposed for the interconnection network of forthcoming exascale supercomputers. In this paper we introduce a novel routing/flowcontrol scheme that decouples the routing and the deadlock avoidance mechanisms in that family of interconnection networks. Our model does not impose any dependencies between virtual channels, allowing for on-the-fly (in-transit) adaptive routing of packets. To prevent deadlock we employ a deadlock-free escape subnetwork based on injection restriction.
Anemia in pediatric patients under five years old: A cross-sectional study

Anemia is considered the most prevalent nutritional deficiency globally, affecting about a quarter of the world population, especially children. This study was done to study the prevalence of anemia in child under five years of age. This cross-sectional study was carried out including of preschool children aged from 6 months to 5 years. Hemoglobin levels were measured to diagnose anemia (hemoglobin <11.0 g/dL) and data were collected on independent variables such as age, sex, area of residence (urban or rural), daycare center enrollment, birth weight, breastfeeding history, and maternal anemia during pregnancy. Anemia in the particular region was ranges from 29.7% to 25.9 % in 3 consecutive years. No significant differences were found in anemia prevalence between boys and girls. Prevalence of anemia was higher in rural areas than in urban areas. Because of the severity of the public-health problem and the potential threat to health, survival and development of present and future generations, the prevention and the control of anemia should be given immediate priority in the health and nutrition sectors. Keywords Anemia, Health, Children
A self-calibration procedure for a sinusoidal fringe profilometer

The paper describes a calibration procedure for a structured-light sinusoidal-fringe profilometer which requires the acquisition of images of a plane in one or more unknown poses when it is illuminated by sinusoidal fringe patterns projected by an illuminator. The procedure does not require specific target but only a planar surface which can be freely moved or rotated around a vertical axis.
Organizational commitment as a moderator of the effect of training on service performance: An empirical study of small to medium-sized enterprises in Malaysia

This paper seeks to examine the relationship between training approaches and organizational performance among 150 service personnel from 10 Small Medium Enterprises (SEMs) in Klang Valley Malaysia. Formal training approaches used in this study are college education, formal courses run by outside providers, distance learning courses, formal in-house courses, and Internet-based courses, whereas informal training approaches are appraisal, coaching, promotion on a temporary basis, informal seminars. Regression results show that there are positive and significant relationships between both formal and informal training and service performance. When there is a presence of moderating effect of organization commitment to employees, only informal training contributes to the success of the service firm based on a higher adjusted R-square. Senior management of SMEs can benefit from this study through recognition of the role of organizational commitment to employees as a key driver to strengthen the relationship between informal training and service performances further.
The melanogenesis and mechanisms of skin‐lightening agents – existing and new approaches

Skin‐lightening products are commercially available for cosmetic purposes to obtain lighter skin complexion. Clinically, they are also used for treatment of hyperpigmentary disorders such as melasma, café au lait spot and solar lentigo. All of these target naturally melanin production, and many of the commonly used agents are known as competitive inhibitors of tyrosinase, one of the key enzymes in melanogenesis. In this review, we present an overview of commonly used skin‐whitening ingredients that are commercialized, but we also hypothesize on other mechanisms that could be important targets to control skin pigmentation such as for example regulation of the adrenergic and glutaminergic signalling and also control of tetrahydrobiopterins in the human skin.
Best-Effort Request Labeling and Scheduling on Multicore Servers

Multicore servers continue to scale on the CPU count and request execution concurrency. It is desirable to support request quality-of-service such as reducing the latency distribution tail and providing differential services. This paper presents new operating system support that labels CPU executions with requests or their QoS parameters (e.g., request arrival time) and enables online request scheduling. Since OS-level request tracking suffers from inaccuracies in situations like user-space synchronization and batched event processing, we devise effective request tracking / scheduling strategies that consciously tolerate such inaccuracies. In particular, we find that ignoring partially OS-visible synchronizations causes less harm for QoS scheduling than propagating request labels through them. We also augment OS event dispatcher like epoll wait() to return a batch of events with similar (but likely unequal) scheduling labels to user space according to the QoS heuristics. We utilize our best-effort request labeling to schedule for tail latency reduction, request prioritization, and hyperthread-contention throttling. We evaluate our system using an RSA encryption workload, a CPU/cache/memory-stressing server, the Apache Solr search engine, a Google App Engine application, and an event-driven Redis hash store on a 40-CPU machine. Results demonstrate low overhead (no more than 1%) and high scheduling effectiveness (reducing the 99th percentile request response time by 8%, 24%, 35%, 50%, and 43% for the five workloads). This work was supported in part by the National Science Foundation grants CNS-1217372, CNS-1239423, and CCF-1255729, and by a Google Research Award.
[Effects of metformin on the estrogen-induced proliferation and the expression of ER in human endometrial cancer cells].

OBJECTIVE To assess the effects of metformin on estrogen-induced proliferation of human endometrial cancer cell lines and investigate whether metformin could regulate the expression of ER and estrogen-dependent proliferative genes. METHODS Human endometrial cancer cell lines Ishikawa and HEC-1A underwent treatment with metformin at various concentrations (0.5, 1, 5, 10, 15, 20, 25 and 30 mmol/L) for different durations (24, 48 and 72 hours), followed by assessment of cell proliferation by methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium (MTT) assay. Ishikawa and HEC-1A cells were exposed to 17β-estradiol (1×10(-6) mol/L) alone or in combination with metformin (5 mmol/L) for 24 hours. Cell proliferation was assessed by 5-bromo-2-deoxyuridine (BrdU) assay. Twenty-four hours after metformin treatment at the concentrations of 1, 5 and 15 mmol/L, the expression levels of estrogen-dependent proliferative genes c-fos and c-myc were determined by real-time quantitative fluorescent PCR (real-time FQ-PCR). Western blot analysis was performed to assess the effects of metformin on the expressions of estrogen receptors. RESULTS As revealed by MTT assay, at different time points of metformin treatment at different concentrations, the proliferation rates of both cell lines were inhibited in a dose-dependent and time-dependent manner between metformin groups and the control group (P < 0.05). BrdU assay showed that the proliferation rate of Ishikawa and HEC-1A cells exposed to 17β-estradiol (1×10(-6) mol/L) in combination with metformin (5 mmol/L) was (62±7)% and (72±6)%, respectively, while that in 17β-estradiol groups was (124±16)% and (109±5)%, respectively, with significantly statistical differences (P < 0.01). By real-time FQ-PCR tested, the expression levels of c-fos and c-myc in both cell lines gradually declined subsequent to metformin treatment at different concentrations (1, 5 and 15 mmol/L). As compared with the control group, the c-myc and c-fos expressions in both cell lines in metformin groups had significant differences (P < 0.05) except for the c-myc expression of the concentration of 1 mmol/L in HEC-1A cell line (P = 0.074). Western blot analyses showed that with the increasing concentrations of metformin, the ERa expression was markedly down-regulated, while ERβ expression was up-regulated in the metformin group at the concentrations of 5 mmol/L and 15 mmol/L, compared to those at the control group, there were significant differences between them, respectively (all P < 0.01). CONCLUSION Metformin could inhibit estrogen-mediated proliferation of human endometrial cancer cells, which might be correlated with its regulation of the expressions of estrogen receptors and estrogen-dependent proliferative genes.
Low and Medium but Not High Doses of Green Tea Polyphenols Ameliorated Dextran Sodium Sulfate-Induced Hepatotoxicity and Nephrotoxicity

Our previous study indicated that a diet containing a high dose (1%) of green tea polyphenols (GTPs) disrupted liver and kidney function via a reduction in antioxidant enzyme and heat shock protein (HSP) levels in both colitis and non-treated ICR mice. In the present study, we assessed the effects of 0.01%, 0.1%, and 1% dietary GTPs on liver and kidney physiological functioning in dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-exposed and normal mice. GTPs at 0.01% and 0.1% significantly suppressed DSS-increased serum aspartate 2-oxoglutarate aminotransferase (AST) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) levels. In contrast, GTPs at 1% increased kidney weight, serum creatinine levels, and thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances (TBARs) in both the kidney and the liver in normal mice, as compared with DSS-exposed mice. GTPs at 0.01% and 0.1% remarkably upregulated the expression of heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) and heat shock protein 70 (HSP70) mRNA in the liver and kidney of mice exposed to DSS, whereas GTPs at 1% abolished it. Our results indicate that low and medium doses of GTPs have beneficial effects on DSS-induced hepatotoxicity and nephrotoxicity via upregulation of self-protective enzymes, while these effects disappeared at a high dose.
Loss of circadian clock function decreases reproductive fitness in males of Drosophila melanogaster

Circadian coordination of life functions is believed to contribute to an organism's fitness; however, such contributions have not been convincingly demonstrated in any animal. The most significant measure of fitness is the reproductive output of the individual and species. Here we examined the consequences of loss of clock function on reproductive fitness in Drosophila melanogaster with mutated period (per0), timeless (tim0), cycle (cyc0), and Clock (ClkJrk) genes. Single mating among couples with clock-deficient phenotypes resulted in ≈40% fewer progeny compared with wild-type flies, because of a decreased number of eggs laid and a greater rate of unfertilized eggs. Male contribution to this phenotype was demonstrated by a decrease in reproductive capacity among per0 and tim0 males mated with wild-type females. The important role of clock genes for reproductive fitness was confirmed by reversal of the low-fertility phenotype in flies with rescued per or tim function. Males lacking a functional clock showed a significant decline in the quantity of sperm released from the testes to seminal vesicles, and these tissues displayed rhythmic and autonomous expression of clock genes. By combining molecular and physiological approaches, we identified a circadian clock in the reproductive system and defined its role in the sperm release that promotes reproductive fitness in D. melanogaster.
Atrial fibrillation and marijuana smoking

Marijuana is the most commonly used illicit drug while its abuse and dependence has an increasing prevalence among the young population. Marijuana smoking affects the circulatory system triggering various cardiovascular events. Of note, recent case reports indicate a possible association with atrial fibrillation (AF). In this article, we provide a brief systematic review of all reported cases implicating marijuana smoking in AF development and we concisely discuss the potential underlying mechanisms as well as the clinical implications of this emerging association.
Adaptive Genetic Algorithm Based on Chaotic Intelligent Algorithm to Image Restoration Research

As an important subject of image processing, image restoration is a kind of degeneration by establishing the mathematical model of reverse deduction arithmetic, and the image processing technology of the original image is obtained.Traditional image restoration algorithm by image dimension is low, the method of single factors such as limit, image restoration effect is limited.Combined with adaptive chaotic genetic algorithm, this paper proposes an improved image restoration intelligent algorithm.Through analysis and experiment comparison, the new algorithm can get better effect of image restoration.
AN ANIMAL MODEL FOR CORNEAL GRAFT REJECTION IN HIGH‐RISK KERATOPLASTY

An animal model for corneal graft rejection is described in which corneal neovascularization is induced prior to keratoplasty. This model closely resembles high-risk human corneal grafting, and relies on rejection being initiated solely by the transplanted corneal tissue. All eleven allografts performed using this model rejected; median time to rejection was 17 days. Two treatment regimens were assessed using this rejection model. Topical cyclosporine produced a significant improvement in graft survival (P=0.0025). When systemic cyclosporine was administered there was a highly significant improvement in graft survival (P=0.0001).
The manipulative personality.

The diagnoses of sociopathy and antisocial personality have often been based on a mixture of psychological features and a record of offenses against society. Just as with other personality disorders, however, many people bearing these diagnoses have in common a particular personality organization. This organization is based on dynamics involving a very fragile narcissism which must be bolstered by contempt for others and a need to put something over on other people. I term this organization "manipulative personality. " This personality type is not limited to people who commit offenses against society; in many walks of life this type of personality is adaptive and may be less apt to come to our attention.
The influence of FK-506 on the thymus: an immunophenotypic and structural analysis.

The influence of the powerful new immunosuppressant FK-506 on the thymus was investigated in Sprague-Dawley rats that were immunized with sheep erythrocytes and treated with FK-506 (1 mg/kg/day i.m.) for 7 days. Suppression of humoral immunity in drug-treated animals was accompanied by reductions in circulating lymphocytes bearing activation markers (interleukin-2 receptor beta-chain and OX40, activated CD4+ cells) and by striking thymic medullary atrophy. There were, however, no significant differences in thymic weights or in thymocyte numbers between experimental and control groups during the period of FK-506 administration. Reduction of the medullary compartment was visualized immunohistochemically, by decreases in major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I- and MHC class II-positive cells and in CD37+ (mature medullary) thymocytes. Flow cytometric analysis of thymocytes showed that FK-506 induced increases in bright, Thy-1.1+ cells and in numbers of CD4+ and CD8+ thymocytes, whilst CD37+ cells were less numerous than in controls. Percentages of MHC class I- and MHC class II-positive cells varied little throughout the course of FK-506 administration. Evidence of selective damage to medullary epithelial cells, attributable to FK-506, was found at both the light and electron microscopic levels, whilst thymic macrophages in drug-treated rats displayed features of enhanced phagocytic activity, including ingestion of damaged epithelial cells. These FK-506-induced abnormalities were reversed within 14 days of drug withdrawal. These findings suggest that, like cyclosporin A, FK-506 reversibly disrupts the thymic microenvironment and may interfere with the function/maturation of T lymphocytes.
Fully Non-Parametric Feature Selection Models for Text Categorization

As an important preprocessing technology in text categorization (TC), feature selection can improve the scalability, efficiency and accuracy of a text classifier [1]. In this paper, we propose a two-stage TC model—a fully non-parametric feature selection model. This classification model first selects features using non-parametric statistical methods, and then applies non-parametric classifiers on the selected features for categorization. The improvements are based on two ideas: non-parametric models require no prior knowledge of the data probability distribution, and feature selection could improve classification efficiency and accuracy. We find a competitive fully non-parametric feature selection model: using artificial neural network (ANN) on the features selected by X" statistic (CHI). This model obtains better classification accuracy and requires fewer features than that of the state-of-the-art classifier (support vector machine) on real-world datasets. Therefore, ANN with CHI classification model is good to use on the data with unknown underlying probability distribution. We also discover that two statistical feature selection methods, Kendall rank correlation coefficient and Spearman rank correlation, are strong correlated in TC feature selection.
Named Entity Recognition from Turkish texts

Named Entity Recognition is an important subject of Natural Language Processing and is used to classify proper nouns into different types such as person, location and organization names in addition to formula, date and money definitions. Rule Based Named Entity Recognition means defining rules to classify named entities in a text through using lexical resources and creating patterns. This study focuses on classification of proper nouns into three types including person, location and organization names regardless of the subject of text.
Residential energy monitoring and computerized surveillance via utility power flows

The author notes that all novel technologies have the potential to affect society in a complex manner, with both beneficial and detrimental consequences. He considers an illustrative case study: a nonintrusive appliance load monitoring technique that can provide vital information to help avoid future energy crises, but can also be used for surveillance purposes. He notes that there appears to be a significant potential for the technology to be abused. The danger that the technology might eventually lead to an erosion of civil liberties and privacy rights leaves its developers in an ethical quandary. The author examines how this technology should be controlled. <<ETX>>
The Effect of Therapeutic Horseback Riding on Gross Motor Function and Gait Speed in Children Who Are Developmentally Delayed

The purpose of this study was to measure the effects of a seven-week therapeutic horseback riding program and to determine if changes were retained after therapeutic riding was discontinued. A repeated-measures within-participants design was used to assess performance on the Gross Motor Function Measure and timed 10-meter walk in seven developmentally delayed children. A statistically significant improvement in gross motor function was found in post-intervention measures. Improvements were maintained seven weeks after therapeutic riding had ended. No considerable difference in gait speed was noted. This study indicates that therapeutic riding may lead to improvement in gross motor function in developmentally delayed children and that these improvements remain once therapeutic riding ceases.