Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Screening vs prevalence estimation

Screening and estimation of disease prevalence both often involve the use of an imperfect instrument for identifying those likely to be suffering from the disease. Sometimes an instrument designed with one of these aims in mind is used for the other. However, the aims are different, and what might be good for one need not be so for the other. The mathematics of the difference is explored and examples are given.
Modular Elliptic Curves and Fermat′s Last Theorem(抜粋) (フェルマ-予想がついに解けた!?)

When Andrew John Wiles was 10 years old, he read Eric Temple Bell’s The Last Problem and was so impressed by it that he decided that he would be the first person to prove Fermat’s Last Theorem. This theorem states that there are no nonzero integers a, b, c, n with n > 2 such that an + bn = cn. The object of this paper is to prove that all semistable elliptic curves over the set of rational numbers are modular. Fermat’s Last Theorem follows as a corollary by virtue of previous work by Frey, Serre and Ribet.
Dietary Lysine and Ascites Incidence

Abstract Two trials were conducted with male broilers to determine the effect of dietary lysine on deaths due to ascites. Starter diets contained 1.13, 1.20, 1.28, and 1.35% dietary lysine; grower diets contained 1.02, 1.09, 1.16, and 1.23% lysine. Neither deaths due to ascites nor total deaths were affected by treatment in Trial 1. A significant effect of treatment on deaths due to ascites was observed in Trial 2, but deaths for the highest lysine level were not different from the lowest lysine level. Heart weight and ventricle weights were not affected by treatment. These results suggest that ascites is not attributable to dietary lysine levels in commercial diets.
Orman Yangınları ve Orman Amenajman Planları

Bu calisma orman yanginlarinin orman amenajmani planlamalarina entegrasyonunu temel duzeyde ele almaktadir. Orman ekosistemleri surekli bir degisim ve gelisim icindedir. Yangin, bocek ve firtina gibi dogal afetler ile planli ve plansiz insan mudahaleleri, orman ekosistemlerinde meydana gelen bu degisimin ve gelisimin en onemli belirleyici unsurlaridir. Nerede, ne zaman cikacagi ve ne kadar bir alanda etkili olacagi bilinemeyen orman yanginlari, planlamalardaki en onemli risk ve belirsizlik kaynaklarindan biridir. Yanginlarin yogun olarak goruldugu orman ekosistemlerinde onemli orman dinamiklerini temsil eden tur cesitliligi, yas siniflari dagilimi, parcalilik ve suksesyon gibi belirleyici ekosistem parametreleri, yangin siddeti, yanici madde tuketimi, yangin mevsimi, yangin sikligi ve yangin dongusu gibi yangin rejimi bilesenleri ile cok siki iliski ve etkilesim icerisindedir. Orman ekosistemlerinin dogaya uygun ve surdurulebilir bir sekilde planlanmasinda, sistemlerin ic dinamiklerinde yer alan bu iliski ve etkilesimlerin arastirilmasi, anlasilmasi ve planlara yansitilmasi buyuk onem arz etmektedir.
Pressure-dependent flow behavior of Zr_41.2Ti_13.8Cu_12.5Ni_10Be_22.5 bulk metallic glass

An experimental study of the inelastic deformation of bulk metallic glass Zr_41. 2Ti_13. 8Cu_12. 5Ni_10Be_22. 5 under multiaxial compression using a confining sleeve technique is presented. In contrast to the catastrophic shear failure (brittle) in uniaxial compression, the metallic glass exhibited large inelastic deformation of more than 10% under confinement, demonstrating the nature of ductile deformation under constrained conditions in spite of the long-range disordered characteristic of the material. It was found that the metallic glass followed a pressure ( p ) dependent Tresca criterion τ = τ_0 + β p , and the coefficient of the pressure dependence β was 0.17. Multiple parallel shear bands oriented at 45° to the loading direction were observed on the surfaces of the deformed specimens and were responsible for the overall inelastic deformation.
Measurements of dissipation rate in frontal zones

This paper demonstrates that it is possible to use measurements of the Doppler spectrum width from a high‐resolution radar to obtain quantitative estimates of dissipation rate during the passage of precipitating frontal zones. Using the high‐resolution Chilbolton radar, this method has been applied, for the first time, to infer the rate at which kinetic energy is dissipated by turbulence within mid‐ and lower‐tropospheric frontal zones. Analysis of detailed measurements for one cold‐frontal region showed multiple shallow sheets of high dissipation rate, with spatially averaged values around 1 x 10−3 m2s−3. Comparable values were also observed in a warm‐frontal zone. The magnitude of the observed dissipation rate supports the hypothesis that mixing played a major role in determining the mean properties of the fronts, in that the turbulence acted to destroy the frontal shear layer on a time‐scale of several hours. These issues have particular relevance to the representation of fronts within future very high‐resolution numerical weather‐prediction models.
Theme Section ''urban Object Detection and 3d Building Reconstruction''

The automatic extraction of topographic objects from aerial sensor data has been a focus of research in photogrammetry, remote sensing and computer vision for many years. Urban object extraction is still an active field of research, with the focus shifting to detailed representations of objects, to using data from new sensors , or to advanced processing techniques. The prospects for success have been improved by the availability of data from digital aerial cameras and multiple-pulse laser scanners. Relevant tasks in this context include the detection of objects such as buildings, roads, trees and cars in the sensor data and the 3D reconstruction of buildings. Despite the enormous efforts spent, the problem cannot yet be considered to be solved. One problem that has hampered progress is a lack of standard data sets for evaluating object extraction results, with the consequence that the outcomes of different approaches can usually not be compared experimentally. In order to overcome this problem, the ISPRS Working Group III/ 4, '3D Scene Analysis', has generated a benchmark data set for urban object extraction that can be accessed via the www and that is designed to become a standard data set for comparing the results of different object extraction techniques. Such a comparison can trigger progress by giving indications about the most promising strategies for the solution of a given task and by identifying common problems of existing approaches, thus showing new directions of research. This theme section presents a representative sample of state-of-the-art methods for urban object extraction, most of them also evaluated on the ISPRS benchmark data set, with a strong focus on buildings. It consists of eight contributions that were selected from 21 original papers submitted for this theme issue based on a peer-review process involving 56 reviewers. The first paper of this theme section is the only one dealing solely with building detection. Domen Mongus, Niko Lukač and Borut Z ˇ alik extract buildings from airborne laser data in a hierarchical framework that sequentially applies differential morphological profiles in several scales. After rasterizing the airborne laser point cloud, the authors locally estimate surface attributes and compute geometrical features via morphological profiles to distinguish ground from elevated objects. Contextual cues help discriminating buildings from other objects with similar geometric and surface properties, e.g. bridges. focuses on the fast and fully automatic derivation of 3D building models from conventional airborne or UAV images. For the recognition …
Aplicação Da Computação Evolucionária Na Otimização De Confiabilidade De Sistemas

In this paper stochastic methods for solving redundancy-reliability allocation problems are employed. In order to understand the major issues on solving those problems, three different designs are considered and redundancy allocation problems are formulated for each of them. The problems are solved in two stages, one stochastic and another deterministic. Genetic and the immune algorithms are implemented. Keywords— reliability engineering, system reliability,immune algorithm, genetic algorithm Resumo— No presente trabalho métodos de otimização estocástica são utilizados para resolver problemas de alocação de redundância-confiabilidade. A fim de exemplificar as questões principais acerca da solução de tais problemas, três arquiteturas de sistemas distintas têm suas formulações apresentadas. Os problemas formulados são resolvidos em dois estágios, um estocástico e um determińıstico. Os algoritmos imune e genético são implementados. Keywords— engenharia de confiabilidade, confiabilidade de sistemas, algoritmo imune, algoritmo genético
I. Environment and History

What happens when a distant colonial power tries to tame an unfamiliar terrain in the world’s largest tidal delta? This history of dramatic ecological changes in the Bengal Delta from 1760 to 1920 involves land, water and humans, tracing the stories and struggles that link them together. Pushing beyond narratives of environmental decline, Bhattacharyya argues that “property-thinking,” a governing tool critical in making land and water discrete categories of bureaucratic and legal management, was at the heart of colonial urbanization and the technologies behind the draining of Calcutta. The story of ecological change is narrated alongside emergent practices of land speculation and transformation in colonial law. Bhattacharyya demonstrates how this history continues to shape our built environments with devastating consequences, as shown in the Bay of Bengal’s receding coastline.
Conspiracy Theories: Causes and Cures*

“THE truth is out there”: conspiracy theories are all around us. In August 2004, a poll by Zogby International showed that 49 percent of New York City residents, with a margin of error of 3.5 percent, believed that officials of the U.S. government “knew in advance that attacks were planned on or around September 11, 2001, and that they consciously failed to act. ” In a Scripps-Howard Poll in 2006, some 36 percent of respondents assented to the claim that “federal officials either participated in the attacks on the World Trade Center or took no action to stop them. ” Sixteen percent said that it was either very likely or somewhat likely that “the collapse of the twin towers in New York was aided by explosives secretly planted in the two buildings. ” Conspiracy theories can easily be found all over the world. Among sober-minded Canadians, a September 2006 poll found that 22 percent believed that “the attacks on the United States on September 11, 2001 had nothing to do with Osama Bin Laden and were actually a plot by influential Americans. ” In a poll conducted in seven Muslim countries, 78 percent of respondents said that they do not believe the 9/11 attacks were carried out by Arabs. The most popular
Towards Self-Critical Agents

There are many reasons to believe that insights from the study of consciousness may help overcome some limitations of current agent architectures. This paper focuses on one particular limitation, namely the 'blind' reliance of an agent on its top-level control mechanism, with no capability to monitor or 'criticize' it. This problem, termed 'reflective blindness', can severely limit the adaptability and creativity of such an agent in an unpredictable environment. I wish to argue that consciousness seems to be associated with activity that compensates for this blindness. To support the argument, the paper consults the less well-known literature of Second Order Cybernetics, in particular Gtlnther's theory of subjectivity and Maturana and Varela's autopoiesis theory. A key idea in these theories is that an observed system is simultaneously an observing system, which can be described computationally as interactions between independent parallel ontologies. Finally, this idea is used to suggest a possible extension to current agent architectures.
Review of Trust Models in Wireless Sensor Networks

— The major challenge faced by wireless sensor networks is security. Because of dynamic and collaborative nature of sensor networks the connected sensor devices makes the network unusable. To solve this issue, a trust model is required to find malicious, selfish and compromised insiders by evaluating trust worthiness sensors from the network. It supports the decision making processes in wireless sensor networks such as pre key-distribution, cluster head selection, data aggregation, routing and self reconfiguration of sensor nodes. This paper discussed the kinds of trust model, trust metrics used to address attacks by monitoring certain behavior of network. It describes the major design issues and their countermeasures of building trust model. It also discusses existing trust models used in various decision making process of wireless sensor networks.
SYNTHESIS AND STUDY OF THE MATHEMATICAL MODEL OF A TRICOPTER

Regardless of the various types of classification of unmanned aerial vehicles which we have been witness to in the last years, they are divided into two basic kinds – airplanes and helicopters. The helicopter class incorporates the so-called copters. The application of copters has so far been limited by the capacity of their batteries and by the payload of the different configurations. One useful configuration is that of the tricopter, which can be seen as quite exotic in terms of steering. For the purposes of this research the cheapest possible design has been selected, where all the three rotors rotate in the same direction. This design features the use of a tilting tail rotor to counterbalance the summary reactive moment of the whole tricopter. The construction schematics of the tricopter that has been developed is shown on Fig. 1.
ANALIZA CEMENTNE INDUSTRIJE U HRVATSKOJ PRIMJENOM PORTEROVA MODELA PET KONKURENTSKIH SILA

U radu su prikazani rezultati analize cementne industrije u Hrvatskoj provedene prema Porterovu modelu pet konkurentskih sila. Metodološki pristup temeljen je na prikupljanju i obradi relevantnih sekundarnih podataka te na provedenom primarnom istraživanju u kojemu je korištena metoda anketiranja. Prema rezultatima kvantitativnog primarnog istraživanja, intenzitet konkurentskih sila u cementnoj industriji u Hrvatskoj je slab do srednji, što tu industriju čini srednje privlačnom. To je posljedica srednje do jake pregovaračke moći kupaca, intenziteta suparništva među postojećim konkurentima koji je ocijenjen srednjim, pregovaračke moći dobavljača koja je ocijenjena srednjom te nisko ocijenjene prijetnje od zamjenskih proizvoda i niske ocijenjene prijetnje od ulaska novih konkurenata. Analiza sekundarnih podataka potvrđuje takve nalaze. Na temelju rezultata analize industrijske strukture u cementnoj industriji u Hrvatskoj, prepoznat je niz strateških inicijativa za poboljšanje atraktivnosti cementne industrije i položaja poduzeća u toj industriji: osiguravanje kontinuiteta visoke kvalitete proizvoda, poboljšanje troškovne učinkovitosti, investiranje u novu tehnologiju, razvijanje partnerskih odnosa s kupcima i dobavljačima, jačanje logistike i vlastitih kanala distribucije te suradnja s državnim tijelima.
A functional layer for description logics: knowledge representation meets object-oriented programming

The paper motivates the facilities provided by Description Logics in an object-oriented programming scenario. It presents a unification approach of Description Logics and object-oriented programming that allows both views to be conveniently used for different subproblems in a modern software-engineering environment. The main thesis of this paper is that in order to use Description Logics in practical applications, a seamless integration with object-oriented system development methodologies must be realized.
Computational Analysis of Gender and the Body in European Fairy Tales

This paper explores the possibilities of using computational analysis to understand the representations and constructions of gender and the body in European fairytales. We hope to show how data analysis and visualization can be powerful tools in the humanist's toolbox. Like all power tools, however, not wielding them carefully and expertly could be disastrous. In this paper, we outline the parameters of the project, the methods we chose, and some of the more interesting results we discovered. We will also present our research process as a successful example of interdisciplinary collaboration, touching on both the implications for digital humanities research as well as for gender and folklore studies. Our collaboration began as one between two researchers from very different schools; Scott Weingart focuses on historical scientific research through the lens of large-scale data analysis, while Jeana Jorgensen's background is in folklore, gender studies, and narrative. For this project, itself an offshoot of Jorgensen's dissertation, we found both areas of expertise were necessary for our results to be both theoretically thorough and feasible within the short time span of Jorgensen's dissertation. Further, we found that the initial unfamiliarity with each other's expertise led to fruitful discussions, paving the way for both new sorts of questions to be raised about the content of fairy tales, and novel methods of data collection and representation for the digital humanities. In order to address the basic question—do fairytales construct and represent bodies differently according to gender—we surveyed the quantitative and digital methods that have already been employed in folkloristics. Before the widespread use of computers, many folklorists simply made lists of the phenomena they were studying, counting instances of occurrences, and doing simple calculations such as tallying percentages. 1 By the 1960s, some folklorists were
Unusual Traces on Operator Ideals

In this note we ans~ycr a question of A. Prmsm by constructing an example of a quasi-normed operator ideal on a HILBEBT space which admits more than one continuous trace. We aiso characterize the cIms of uniquely traceable operators as described below. Let H be a separable =BERT space and let a be an ideal in X[H) (the compact operators on H). Then a trace “21) on B i s 8 linear functional t: J + C so that [T 1) T(P) = 1 if P is a projection of rank one. (T2) T(AB) = @A) if A E 3) and B E I(H). In addition r is called separateiy continuous or (Y, $)-continuous ([2]) if (T3) For every A E 53, the linear functional B + r[AB) is bounded on Y(R). Let C, be the trace-class and let tr: C, + C denote the standard trace. If A E P, and rank (A) < 00 then t ( A ) = tr [A) . If t verifies (T3) then for every A E P, we have
Biocidal potential of essential oils of Piper aduncum, Piper hispidinervum and Syzygium aromaticum on important pathogenic and toxigenic microorganisms important for food

1 Master Science, Food Science Department, Universidade Federal de Lavras, Campus Ufla PO Box 3037, Lavras/MG, Brazil 2 Professor, Dept. Food Science, Universidade Federal de Lavras, Campus Ufla PO Box 3037, Lavras/MG, Brazil 3 Professor, Chemistry Department, Universidade Federal de Lavras, Campus Ufla PO Box 3037, Lavras/MG, Brazil 4 Professor, Forest Engineering Department, Universidade Federal de Goias, Campus Jatai Jatai / GO, Brazil 5 Student Food Engineering, Food Science Department, Universidade Federal de Lavras, Campus Ufla PO Box 3037, Lavras/MG, Brazil
Embeddability for three-dimensional CR-manifolds

A question of principal interest in the theory of compact, three-dimensional CR-manifolds is to understand when a given strictly pseudoconvex, CR-structure can be realized by an embedding in C' . We call a structure for which this is possible embeddable, and nonembeddable otherwise. This question is only of interest in three dimensions as a theorem of Boutet de Monvel states that any strictly pseudoconvex CR-structure, on a compact (2d + 1)-manifold, is realizable as an embedding in some C' , provided d > 1. On the other hand, there is a classical example of Rossi which shows that an arbitrarily small, real analytic, perturbation of the standard structure on the three sphere may fail to be embeddable, [Ros]. Later, Nirenberg constructed W? -perturbations for which the associated Ob-equation fails to have even local solutions, [N]. In fact, this situation is generic in the F? -topology. It is now understood, principally from the work of Eliashberg, that CR-structures with
Interview with Andrew Kilshaw, Chief Learning Officer at Nike Inc.

Purpose – The purpose of this article is to provide an interview with Andrew Kilshaw.Design/methodology/approach – The interview is conducted by an independent interviewer.Findings – Andrew Kilshaw is Chief Learning Officer at Nike Inc., responsible for overseeing the development needs of over 37,000 employees in Nike's global work‐force. His varied background led from studies at Manchester University and Coventry Business School, to IMD, Lausanne, where Andrew received an MBA with distinction. Andrew has since worked with numerous top‐tier global companies, and specializes in leadership development and talent management.Originality/value – The paper provides insights from Andrew Kilshaw about his role at Nike Inc., the learning and development profession, and strategies to develop and retain talent.
Analysis of Community-contributed Space- and Timereferenced Data by Example of Panoramio Photos

Spaceand time-referenced data published on the Web by general people can be viewed in a dual way: as independent spatio-temporal events and as trajectories of people in the geographical space. These two views suppose different approaches to the analysis, which can yield different kinds of valuable knowledge about places and about people. We present several analysis methods corresponding to these two views. The methods are suited to the large amounts of the data.
Plants in Action: Adaptation in Nature, Performance in Cultivation

training systems, a problem that every grower will solve in his own way. In Part 2, this kind of trivialities are lacking. The subject matter is reviewed always in a similar manner, which makes ®nding something or comparing various fruits very easy. After a few remarks on origin, distribution and botanical name, under the heading `key points' a number of important aspects on cultivation, storage, diseases, etc. are mentioned. The central part of each description is always a large table summarizing, for each fruit, particulars of botanical nature and on cultivation, climate, soil needed, pests, etc. In this way, the information is given very adequately, limited to essentials. The book is written very clearly and is easy to read, in my opinion even, for people who are less familiar with the English language. Although a number of chapters is written by `quests' the homogeneity in the various contributions is high. The spelling errors are minimum. The book is well illustrated by a large number of drawings that are simple and clear, and usually of good quality. The same, however, does not hold for many of the photographs, which are too small and seem to be out of focus. It is a great pity that the excellent color-plates of fruits, as found in the ®rst edition, are omitted, probably for reasons of cost. As is usual for this type of book, the list of references at the end of each chapter is restricted to a few books or reviews for `further reading'. A glossary of technical terms and a good index concludes the book. In short, although a few critical remarks can be made, this book is a good introduction for those who want to get familiar with practical fruit growing in a quick way. In my opinion, especially the ®rst part is too super®cial and too practical for university students, but as a whole I hope, following the editors that `producers and practitioners will long value the book as an accurate and user-friendly reference'.