Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
“Efficient Method For Selecting Cluster Head In TRCA Clustering for MANET”

: Communication in MANET while not having any fixed infrastructure has drawn abundant attention for research. The infrastructure primarily based cellular architecture sets up base stations to support the node mobility. Thus, mapping the ideas of base stations into MANET might meet its challenges like restricted battery power, available band, scalability width etc. Exhaustive simulation based survey has been conducted to study the strengths and weaknesses of existing algorithms that motivated for the design of energy efficient clustering in MANET. Proposed algorithm has been designed to assist the nodes to probe their immediate neighbours. In this protocol, each node broadcasts its own information to the network, in order that it received from a node that lies within its transmission range of the MANET. This algorithm is validated through simulation by using Colour Petri Nets (CPN) before its implementation. We have proposed an efficient method for cluster head selection in Topology robust clustering algorithm (TRCA), that applies the node mobility and its available battery power for calculating the node weights.
Effects of Quadriceps Dynamic Strengthening and Isometrics Exercise in Non-obese and Obese Osteoarthritis of Knee Joint Patients

Introduction: Knee Osteoarthritis (KOA) is a major cause of pain and functional impairment among elders. Currently, there are neither feasible preventive intervention strategies nor effective medical remedies for the management of KOA. Of course, knee osteoarthritis is only one of many adverse consequences of obesity. Physical rehabilitation usually quadriceps exercises for the maintenance of joint range of motion and muscle strength is effective for the treatment of KOA. The aim of the study was to find out whether obesity has an adverse effects on the treatment of knee osteoarthritic patients when quadriceps dynamic strengthening and isometrics exercise were implemented to them. Materials & Methods: Sixty osteoarthritic knee patients with thirty patients each in two groups were randomly selected from Kailash Hospital and Obesity Clinics in Delhi. Patients were randomly divided into two groups A and B according to their BMI. In group A , non-obese KOA patients were assigned and in group B obese KOA patients were included. The quadriceps dynamic strengthening and isometrics exercise treatment protocol were introduced in both the groups and were given for fifteen days. Pre and post-treatment knee pain , range of motion of knee joint and quadriceps muscle strength were measured. Student’s t-test was applied to find out the statistical level of significance. Results: Pain was decreased with the intervention exercise which was highly significant (p< 0.05) in both the groups. The ranges of motion for knee joint were increased which was found highly significant in both the cases of flexion and extension ((p< 0.001, < 0.05 respectively) in group A but in group B , it was found significant for flexion (p<0.001) but in case of extension ROM, it was insignificant (p>0.05). The mean difference of pretest and post -test muscle strength for flexor and extensors were significant (p<0.01, <0.001) in group A but in group B for flexors, it was insignificant and for extensor group, it was significant (p<0.01). Discussion & Conclusion: It was found that the exercises given to group A (non obese) were more effective than group B (obese). Pain , ROM and MMT were improved significantly in group A but in group B , pain had reduced but MMT and ROM had no significant improvements. We concluded that because of more BMI in group B (obese group), effects of exercise for treatment of OA knee was not as significant as in case of group A subjects (non obese group).
Survey Paper On: Lars*: Location-Aware Recommender System Using CRM with Missed Call Service

: LARS*, a location-aware recommender system uses location-based ratings to produce recommendations. LARS* gives item locations using travel penalty, a technique that favors recommendation candidates closer in travel distance to querying users that avoids external access to all spatial items. LARS* is efficient, scalable, and capable of producing recommendations which are accurate compared to existing recommendation approaches. This application is useful for the Company Owner, Distributor and Retailer or the wholesaler. This System is developed for the business organizations to manage customer’s data to improve their profit which will helps to increase the organizations business. It provides features that helps to business organizations to increase communication with their customers using some facilities of this system such as Email and SMS facilities along with customer’s details and data. This application is related with all the food products like Ground Nut oil, Soybean Oil, Dal and Pulses, Turmeric Powder, Coriander powder etc. Business organizations can manage their sales orders, Contact us enquiry, Retailer gives Missed call through registered contact number, and much more through this system.
Implementation and Performance Evaluation of Data Offloading Approaches for Mobile Social Networks

Cellular networks are facing severe traffic overloads due to the proliferation of smart handheld devices and traffic hungry applications. This paper tries to offload the cellular network traffic through Opportunistic Communications and Social Participation formed by the short-range communication technologies in the smart phones (e.g., Wi-Fi, Bluetooth). We design an Enhanced Greedy algorithm for target set selection Problem. Our design enables to select the most active, fixed located and having more energy mobile nodes into the Targetset, which affect the more number of infected users. Our simulation results show that number of node covered by Enhanced Greedy algorithm is 89% and Greedy algorithm is 76%. We are able to achieve the rate of success information delivery over the networks in Enhanced Greedy and Greedy algorithms are 71% and 53% respectively. Keywords— Mobile data offloading, target-set selection, opportunistic communications, mobile social networks, cellular traffic offloading, Non-target set, Cellular networks
Design of Fault Tolerant Reversible Multiplier

 Abstract — In the recent years, reversible logic has emerged as a promising technology having its applications in low power CMOS, quantum computing, nanotechnology, and optical computing. The classical set of gates such as AND, OR, and EXOR are not reversible. This paper proposes a novel 4x4 bit reversible fault tolerant multiplier circuit which can multiply two 4-bit numbers. It is faster and has lower hardware complexity compared to the existing designs. In addition, the proposed reversible multiplier is better than the existing counterparts in terms of delay & power. It is based on two concepts. The partial products can be generated in parallel using Fredkin gates and thereafter the addition is done by using reversible parallel adder designed from IG gates. Thus, this paper provides the initial threshold to building of more complex system which can execute more complicated operations using reversible logic.
Biosynthesis and Characterization o Nanoparticles u

The wide application of nanoparticles stimulates the need for synthesizing them but, the conventional methods are usually hazardous and energy consuming. This leads to focus on “green synthesis” of nanoparticles which seems to be easy efficient and ecofriendly approach. In this study, the plant mediated synthesis of zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) was carried out using bulb extract of Allium cepa as a reducing agent. The optimized nano zinc thus obtained was quantified and characterized using UV Visible spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FT-IR), X-Ray diffraction, Electron Microscope (SEM), EDAX potential analyses. Further, the synthesized ZnO NPs were tested for antimicrobial activity.
Biodegradation of gold and platinum implants in rats studied by electron microscopy

1Institute of Chemistry, University of Rostock, Albert-Einstein-Str. 3a, D-18051 Rostock, Germany 2Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Fritz-Haber-Institute of the Max-Planck-Society (MPG), Faraday Weg, Berlin, Germany 3Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, KMG Klinikum Güstrow, Friedrich Trendelenburg-Allee 1, 18273 Güstrow, Germany 4Clinic and Policlinic for Ear, Nose and Throat Disease, Faculty of Medicine, University of Rostock, Doberaner Str, Rostock, Germany 5Department of Pathology, Electron Microscopic Center, Faculty of Medicine, University of Rostock, Strempel Str, Rostock, Germany More Information
Early Detection of Cancer in MRI Lung Images using Classification and Regression Tree (CART) Method

Image mining is one the leading research area in the field of computer science. In this process, lung cancer is one of the most deadly disease in human body. It is the second most dangerous disease in the world. This work is mainly planned to increase the classification accuracy rate of lung cancer tissue classification in magnetic resonance (MR) imaging and reduce the processing time using Classification and Regression Tree (CART) method. In recent years, the detection cancer in early stage is a challenging task in the field of medical. This early identification of lung tumor can develop the chance of survival among the people. In this paper, we improved Classification and Regression Tree to identify and classify MR images and this is also indented to reduce the processing time, higher classification rate and minimum error rate. This proposed work consists of two phases, such as feature extraction, classification. In the first phase, we have obtained the features of magnetic resonance images have been reduced using Principle Component Analysis (PCA) method. In the second phase, CART method has been implemented to classify subjects as benign or malignant magnetic resonance images.
SEROPREVALENCE OF HEPATITIS B, HEPATITIS C AND HIV IN HEALTHY BLOOD DONORS-A RETROSPECTIVE TERTIARY CARE HOSPITAL BASED STUDY IN KASHMIR, NORTH INDIA

Objective: To determine the prevalence of HBV, HCV and HIV infection in voluntary blood donors in SMHS hospital Kashmir North india, during 2011-2013. Material and methods: A Retrospective, descriptive and analytic study was conducted at Blood transfusion centre, Department of Medicine -Government Medical College Srinagar, in which data were obtained from the Blood Bank Registry of SMHS hospital. The total number of 3650 healthy blood donors were screened for detection of HBsAg, anti-HCV and anti-HIV markers in blood samples using 3rd generation ELISA Kits and Western blotting. Results; Out of 3650 donars, only 21 (0.57%) were HBsAg positive, 28 (0.76%) were Anti HCV positive, and 3 (0.08) were HIV positive. One male donors was coinfected by HCV and HBV. The majority of HBsAg + donars (17/21 ) were in the age group of 18 to 35 years, and most of Anti HCV positives (14/28) were in age group of 36-45 followed by (7/28) in age group of 26-35 years. but this was not statistically significant ( p value =0.95). Majority of serology positive blood donors were males. 12/21 HBsAg + donars and 16/28 Anti HCV + donars were of low socioeconomic status, & this difference was statistically significant with p value of < 0.001. Conclusion: This study suggests the need to investigate risk factors and risk groups for these infections and provides direction for setting new goals in developing preventive strategies in transfusion transmitted infections.It also provide a means for reviewing an outcome of the preventive measures which are already in place and in the light of these results, an effective control and training program should be implemented.
A New Method to Improve Feature Detection Methods Based on Scale Space

— Scale-space theory provides a well-founded framework for modelling image structures at multiple scales, and the output from the scale-space representation can be used as input to a large variety of visual modules. Visual operations such as feature detection, feature classification, stereo matching, motion estimation, shape cues and image-based recognition can be expressed directly in terms of (possibly non-linear) combinations of Gaussian derivatives at multiple scales. In this sense, scale-space representation can serve as a basis for early vision. The Gaussian scale-space is widely used to model the human visual system. The main reason why Gaussian scale-space solely being used is that the Gaussian function is the unique kernels which satisfies the causality property i.e., it states that no new feature points are created as the scale increasing. The Gaussian filter are highly suitable for smoothing image. The amount of smoothing depends on the value of the standard deviation parameter of the Gaussian function. The problem of creating Gaussian scale-space is that if image smoothing does not stop in a proper point; it may lead to extreme destruction of local features of the image. In this paper, an approach has been presented to enhance a scale-space based on Gaussian function in order that a threshold is chosen for standard deviation in Gaussian filter with aim of preventing extreme destruction of image local features. Results of the proposed method indicate that this method affects considerably prevention of extreme destruction of image features and it can be very effective on creation of scale-space with high accuracy.
On The Reduction Of Papr In The Multicarrier Techniques Based On Mobile Wireless System

OFDM is very attractive technique now a day due to its various benefits like easy and efficient in dealing with multipath, robust in nature, spectral efficiency and high speed data transmission. Thus because of its applications OFDM plays a vital role for upcoming 4G wireless communication. OFDM works either as the multiplexing or modulation technique. It has also been used in broadband multimedia wireless services. Beside of its application, one major drawback of OFDM system is high Peak to Average Power ratio (PAPR) which causes non-linearity at the receiving end. The paper describes the PAPR problem in OFDM system and various PAPR reduction techniques that are used to reduce the PAPR have been discussed. The PTS technique for 16 QAM/OFDM systems is used to reduce the PAPR and simulation results are then analyzed. Also, SC-FDMA is another technique which can replace the OFDM. Thus the subcarrier mapping schemes of SC-FDMA has been described. The results for IFDMA and LFDMA for 16QAM modulation technique are shown when DFT spreading technique is applied.
A New Method for Applicant of Explicit Semantic Analysis and Word Sense Disambiguation in Concept-based Information Retrieval

previous Information retrieval (IR) systems based on keywords to retrieve and index documents. They may return inaccurate results when different keywords are employed to illustrate the same concept in the documents and in the queries presented by Users. In Concept-based retrieval methods have tried to tackle these troubles by using concept-based comparison between documents and queries. Therefore, accurate concept extraction of documents and queries improves performance of IR systems. In this research, we introduce a new concept-based query semantic analysis approach based on Wikipedia-based Explicit Semantic Analysis. We propose that first specify the given context of query words by using Wikipedia-based concept network named wikinet to query words sense disambiguation. Then rely on given context create related concepts of query that they will be compare to concepts of documents. Because the main aim of this paper is to provide a correct interpretation and semantic relatedness analysis of query words, we use of correlation of computed relatedness scores with human judgments. Evaluation shows that the proposed method provides improvements compared to the existing semantic analysis methods.
SCITECH Word Template

Fresh graduates are often described as young generations with high productivity potentials but with fewer chances to enter the labor market. After graduation, they frequently find themselves in a complexity of work integration. Employers have expectations from them and they also have their own ambitions that are usually considered as high. Being the promise for a better tomorrow to any labor market, it matters for nations as well as organizations to retain these young generations. Nowadays, retaining fresh graduates has turned to be a great challenge especially that labor market conditions have become very tough and hard hit by economic crises, low wages and unequal labor rights. Although many scholars and practitioners emphasize the importance of retaining fresh graduates in challenging labor markets, research related to the links among fresh graduates, labor market conditions and retention has failed to keep up. Given the importance of this issue, this study seeks to review the existing literature on labor market conditions affecting fresh graduates’ retention and job satisfaction, identify and address the related research gaps and develop an integrated model highlighting how fresh graduates’ retention can be affected by various practices, conditions and psychological states.
ELECTRON THERAPY IN KELOID MANAGEMENT: A SINGLE INSTITUTIONAL RETROSPECTIVE STUDY

Background: Keloids are benign dermal tumours composed of disorganised thick hyalinised collagen which causes aesthetic disfigurement and can be pruritic or tender. The common areas prone to develop keloids are the earlobe, upper back and midline of the chest. The treatment of keloid is complex as simple excision alone results in 45% to 100% recurrence rate. Many adjuvant therapies including radiation has been tried to reduce the rate of recurrence. Postoperative irradiation to a minimal dose of 10-15 Gy can reduce this recurrence rate to 2.4 to 20 % with good cosmetic results. Aims: To study the efficacy and toxicity of adjuvant external beam radiotherapy in our patients with recurrent keloids. Methods and Material: A retrospective review of 15 patients with recurrent keloids, who underwent postoperative electron beam irradiation between February1, 2011 and December 31st, 2015 was done. All the patients were treated with 4 to 6 Mev electron beam radiation using a dose schedule of 16Gy/4# within 72 hours of surgical excision. They were further analysed for control rate and toxicity. Results: Majority of the patients were female and anterior chest wall was the most common site of keloid formation. Intralesional steroid, 5FU or Bleomycin was used in 12 (80%) of the patients as adjuvant treatment after surgery. All the patients received radiation within three days of excision. The radiation was well tolerated in all the patients. Burning sensation, redness, pain and hypopigmentation was the side effects seen. Recurrence was seen in one patient after 6 months of Radiation. Limitations: Few number of patients and short follow-up period. Conclusions: The results of the present study indicate that hypofractionated electron wjpls, 2016, Vol. 2, Issue 4, 410-418 Research Article ISSN 2454-2229 World Journal of Pharmaceutical and Life Sciences WJPLS www.wjpls. org SJIF Impact Factor: 3.347 *Corresponding Author
Handoff Management Issues in Heterogeneous Wireless Network: A Review

: In this Paper, the study focuses on the various handoff management issues in Heterogeneous wireless network. A handoff scheme is essential to provide continuous connections whenever a mobile node moves from one coverage area of network to another. The handoff management issues consist of finding the appropriate time to perform the handoff depending upon RSS (received signal strength), traffic, bandwidth, velocity, channel conditions and cost etc. A handoff management scheme is also studied considering the current research into multicast mobility handoff between 3G mobile and WLAN. Finally, a scheme supporting group mobility is studied having a protocol for mobile groups that allows a single node to perform handoffs on behalf of all group members.
Differentiation Therapy with Cancer Stem Cells

Copyright: © 2014 Lin CY. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. Recent studies have shown that many tumors contain a small population of cells, termed tumor-initiating cells or cancer stem cells (CSCs), that are responsible for tumor progression, metastasis, and resistance to chemotherapy and radiation treatment. This new CSC model has given a new perspective on the origin of cancer and the development of the heterogeneous hierarchy that constitutes tumor populations. Moreover, this finding has shifted an old idea to a novel paradigm that inspires new strategies to fight cancer. For example, increased attention has focused on targeting specific cell surface markers (antigens) contained in these stem cells. So far, the most extensively studied antigen is CD133. New drugs for the treatment of CSCs have also been designed to target cellular mechanisms that regulate cell proliferation, including Bmi-1, Notch, Sonic hedgehog and Wnt signaling pathways. Nonetheless, these attempts are generally quite tissue-specific, making it difficult to extensively target CSCs across tumors to achieve broad therapeutic efficacy.
Thermal Energy Estimation Technique of 3-φ Induction Machine: An Application Review

---------------------------------------------------------------------***--------------------------------------------------------------------Abstract – Many Industrial applications involves the 3phase induction machine for various drive purpose. The method of controlling such machine requires proper attentions towards the exact modeling of the system. For loss calculation and efficiency modeling it becomes a prior need for engineers and the researcher for the analysis. In this paper various methods of rotor resistance estimation technique is discussed with its application and requirement. In addition a method is proposed for the development of the same is given for the actual modelling. The whole idea behind this work is to execute the thermal behavior of induction of machine.
Master–Slave Flip-Flops Using Transmission Gate By Accessing High Speed Design Values

: In this paper, classical approach is reconsidered for minimizing the delay on dealing with transmission-gate-based master-slave (TGMS) flipflops (FFs) to improve the performance in high speed designs. The FFs that are split into two sections are separately optimized and on reconciling the design emerging assuming FFs as a whole continuous path outperforms the one resulting from employment of a classical logical effort procedure . In order to validate the correctness of such a procedure and underlying assumptions simulations are performed on several well-known TGMS FFs, designed in a 125-nm technology. This approach allows to correctly deal in such circuits with actual path effort showing significant improvements on delay, energy and area occupation and to achieve energy efficiency in high speed region, the design is to be properly steered