Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Die Macht der Vorstellungskraft - von der Imagination zur Performanz : EEG-based Brain-Computer Interface assisted Motor Imagery als unterstützender Interventionsansatz in der ergotherapeutischen Neurorehabilitation bei Menschen nach Schlaganfall

Darstellung des Themas: Nach einem Schlaganfall erleben Betroffene häufig funktionell motorische Einschränkung der oberen Extremitäten. Dies hat einen negativen Einfluss auf die Ausführung von Aktivitäten des täglichen Lebens. Durch die Anwendung von EEG-based Brain-Computer Interface assisted Motor Imagery können Funktionsverbesserungen der oberen Extremitäten von Betroffenen eines Schlaganfalls erzielt werden. Ziel: Die Wirksamkeit dieses Interventionsansatzes soll untersucht werden und darauf basierend werden Empfehlungen für die ergotherapeutische Praxis abgegeben. Methode: Anhand festgelegter
Pattern Geometry Effects in the Chemical‐Mechanical Polishing of Inlaid Copper Structures

We describe an investigation into the pattern dependence of dishing and erosion during the chemical‐mechanical polishing of copper used for delineating inlaid metal patterns. Copper dishing is determined to be highly dependent on the width of the copper structure, but only minimally dependent on the density of copper structures. Erosion of the dielectric layer is strongly affected by the pattern density, but not affected by changes in the width of the copper lines. As a result, both line width and pattern density are important considerations in predicting the final thickness of the copper lines.
Present And Future Activities Of The International Commission On Illumination (CIE)

The article describes the main activities of the International Commission on Illumination in recent years The most important publications are reflecting recent developments in lighting science and industry, including LED sources and luminaires test methods, fundamental recommendations concerning colorimetry, discomfort caused by glare from luminaires with a non-uniform luminance, as well as intelligent control of lighting systems Human centric lighting and the non-visual effects of light on humans was highlighted To promote standardization in the field of horticultural lighting the CIE is in the process of establishing a new JTC In view of COVID-19 pandemic outspread the use of germicidal UV radiation is of relevance to reduce both contact spread and airborne transmission of infectious agents The CIE is responsible for worldwide standardization of the fundamentals, including metrology and vocabulary, as well as lighting education The CIE considers it important to make digital products including validated calculation tools, apps, databases and machine-readable documents more available for many experts and it takes a step in this direction by provide open access to the individual CIE publications © 2020, LLC Editorial of Journal ""Light Technik"" All rights reserved
Humic-Substance-Enhanced Ultrafiltration for Removal of Heavy Metals

Abstract: The feasibility of a separation technique using ultrafiltration in connection with humic substances—humic-substance-enhanced ultrafiltration (HSEUF)—was investigated for the removal of the toxic heavy metals copper and cadmium. HSEUF is based on the high molecular weight of humic substances, as well as the binding of multivalent metals such as copper and cadmium to these materials. As the humic acid concentration increased, the removal of copper and cadmium was enhanced because of the increase in binding sites. As the pH of the solution increased, the removal of copper and cadmium was further improved because the solubility of the humic substances increased. In the simultaneous removal of copper and cadmium, the binding of cadmium to humic substances was inhibited significantly by the presence of copper at the low concentration of humic acid. However, topper binding was not affected by the presence of cadmium, because the affinity of copper to humic substances was greater than that of cadmium.
Creation of Personal Career Path: Basis for the Development of Educational Products of Further Education

The aim of the paper is, based on theoretical starting-points and empirical research, to describe types of career paths. Diversity of educational needs is reflected in that of career paths. Calculations of the correlation of job position and completed education of the respondent, respondent’s mother and father and the correlation dependence of career path and completed respondent’s education are presented in tables. Collected information was statistically processed with manual and automated programs: acquired statistics were collected and processed in MS Excel program and GNU PSPP. Based on empirical surveys, it can be concluded that there is a significant correlation between the employment status of both parents. Jobs of both mother and father are dependent on education. It can be stated that education is not such an important factor for the job as it used to be; other factors, such as material resources of the family, prospects of developing their own business, where the respondent can act either in the employer position or in that of self-employed, are important.
The proposal of an adapted pre-exercise screening tool for the recruitment of elderly in research with resistance training

Purpose. The purpose was to investigate an adapted pre-exercise screening tool to evaluate musculoskeletal injury in elderly women before starting a resistance training (rT) program, and to verify whether the tool could detect subjects not eligible for rT research on the basis of the rT program injury rate. Methods. Overall, 74 subjects participated in an orthopaedic evaluation by a certified physical therapist. History was taken of injury, dysfunction and related musculoskeletal diseases, surgeries, fractures, and falls. A series of tests was applied to identify potential risks and injuries. Results. Owing to history of falls and fractures and poor mobility and performance in physical function tests, 14 patients were excluded. The most common deficits were: rotator cuff tendinopathy (n = 2), knee osteoarthritis (n = 3), both rotator cuff tendinopathy and knee osteoarthritis (n = 3), lumbar discopathy (n = 2), cervicalgia (n = 1), back pain sciatica (n = 1), rotator cuff injury (n = 1), wrist and knee pain (n = 1). The main joints affected were: knees (n = 7), shoulders (n = 6), lumbar spine (n = 5), thoracic spine (n = 1), and cervical spine (n = 2). Overall, 60 elderly women started the rT program, while 39 had an adherence of > 90%. Conclusions. The adapted tool was effective in recruiting subjects, who had a lower injury rate during rT. It helped to identify musculoskeletal dysfunction and improved safety and adherence outcomes in elderly women.
An application of economic choice experiments to a traditional land use - deer hunting and landscape change in the Scottish highlands.

Stalking (deer hunting) is an important land use and activity in the Scottish Highlands, and deer managers have traditionally maintained large numbers of female deer in order to supply a guaranteed number of stags for stalking. Unfortunately, grazing by large numbers of deer conflicts with environmental objectives that are seeking to improve upland habitats and increase the area of native Caledonian Pine forest. This study uses a multi-attribute choice experimental approach to quantify the various characteristics of the stalking experience to determine the value that amateur stalkers attach to the stag numbers, the landscape and other attibutes. Unlike previous applications of stated preference, a large proportion (one-third) of a full factorial design is used to present stalkers with different alternative stalking packages within a postal survey. The results indicate a way forward that could be agreeable to both deer managers and conservationists.
The Implementation of English as A Medium of Instruction in An Indonesian Efl Setting

The effectiveness studies for content subjects in an EFL and ESL using monolingual or bilingual approach has been inconclusive. This descriptive research was designed to examine the implementation of English as a Medium of Instruction (EMI) in non-English Department. The researchers analyzed fifty-eight undergraduate university students enrolled in International class program in non-English department in one of the state universities in Indonesia. They have been given a fill in Likert-scale questionnaire on how they perceive the use and and function of English instruction within English-only (monolingual) and English-Indonesia (bilingual) L2 classroom. The analysis revealed that bilingual approach was more favored than monolingual approach due to the proficiency that the L2 effects. Moreover, discussion and implication of this study are presented. Keywords—monolingual, bilingual, English as a medium of
Biological and pharmacological activities of amaryllidaceae alkaloids

The amaryllidaceae family consists of about 75 genera and 1100 species that are wide-spread in the tropics and warm temperate regions of the world. Since the first isolation of lycorine, more than 500 amaryllidaceae alkaloids have been isolated over the past three decades. The enormous numbers of diverse amaryllidaceae alkaloids are classified into different groups mainly according to their structural features. The representative alkaloids are norbelladine, lycorine, hippeastrine, narwedine, haemanthamine, pancratistatin, pretazettine, montanine, galanthindole, cherylline and ismine. Recently, more extensive studies have revealed that amaryllidaceae alkaloids exhibit a wide range of bioactivities, such as antitumor, antiviral, antibacterial, antifungal, antimalarial and analgesic. Acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibitory and cytotoxic activities have also been reported. The aim of the present review is to discuss the recent developments on the biological and pharmacological activities of amaryllidaceae alkaloids with IC50 or EC50 values since 2005, supporting the potential therapeutic possibilities for the use of these compounds.
Effect of Environmental Parameters on Autotrophic Decay Rate (bA).

Activated sludge treatment systems for industrial wastewater effluents, or mixtures of industrial and urban wastewater, can be subjected to nitrifying nitrogen starvation periods. Because of the autotrophic decay, the maximum nitrification rate could be significantly reduced after a few days of nitrogen starvation. As published data on the autotrophic decay rate (bA) are scarce, little is known about the parameters influencing its value. The autotrophic decay rate of nitrifiers (bA) was estimated in an activated sludge pilot plant treating industrial wastewater under stable conditions of load, temperature and hydraulic parameters. The effect of environmental parameters on bA was investigated. Influent quality had a significant impact on bA: at 30°C, under aerobic conditions, changes in the quality of an industrial effluent from the same source induced bA variations from 0.08 to 0.16 d−1. The bA value doubled when small amounts of urban wastewater were added to the pilot plant influent. When 30% of the load was composed of urban wastewater, bA reached a value of 0.36 d−1. Microfauna grazing of autotrophic bacteria was shown to be partly responsible for bA variations, explaining why the bA value was found to decrease by at least 50% under anoxic conditions.
Ultra-Wideband Endfire Long-Slot-Excited Phased Array for Millimeter-Wave Applications

An ultra-wideband phased array with endfire radiation is proposed for millimeter-wave (mm-wave) applications. This array consists of a linear long slot array (LSA) source and a transverse-electromagnetic (TEM) horn radiator. For each unit, a <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\Gamma $ </tex-math></inline-formula>-shaped probe based on a substrate integrated coaxial line (SICL) is adopted to generate a primary slot source. Then, the slot flares in the E-plane with an exponential profile to form a horn unit. The antenna unit is studied with periodical boundaries (PBs) in simulation and operates from 15.4 to 46.4 GHz with active standing wave ratio (SWR) < 3 for a scan angle of up to 45° in H-plane. To verify the design concept, two <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$1\times 16$ </tex-math></inline-formula> finite arrays, Array-1 for 0° scan and Array-2 for 45° scan, are fabricated and tested. Over the operating band of 15.4-46.4 GHz, both arrays obtain good impedance matching in measurements with SWR < 2.3. The measured gain varies from 11.8 to 19.1 dBi for Array-1 and from 10 to 16.9 dBi for Array-2 within 16-40 GHz. Besides, Array-2 exhibits a scan angle of 48° and an average scan loss of 2.4 dB. Moreover, both arrays achieve a radiation efficiency exceeding 73% because of employing the low-loss SICL feed network.
Durable antimicrobial nylon 66 fabrics: Ionic interactions with quaternary ammonium salts

Acidic or basic dyeing of fibers involves ionic interactions between reactive groups on the polymers and dye molecules. Such interactions can be utilized in the functional finishing of fabrics. This article discusses a new approach of employing the ionic interactions between anionic carboxylic end groups of polyamides and cationic quaternary ammonium salts in the chemical finishing of nylon fabrics to achieve desired durable antimicrobial functions. The finishing conditions such as pH, finishing temperature, and time were studied, and the pH of the finishing bath was very critical in affecting the ionic interactions and thus exhaustion of the salts on the fabrics. The finishing process should be carried out at a temperature above the glass transition temperature of nylon 66. The finished products demonstrated excellent durability of antimicrobial functions. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 90: 2194–2199, 2003
Adsorption of Reactive Red 120 from aqueous solutions by cetylpyridinium-bentonite

BACKGROUND: The removal of Reactive Red 120 (RR 120) from aqueous solutions using cetylpyridinium modified Resadiye bentonite (CP-bentonite) prepared by ion exchange was investigated with particular reference to the effects of temperature, pH and ionic strength on adsorption. RESULTS: Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) and thermal analysis (TG-DTG/DTA) techniques revealed that the anionic dye (RR 120) molecules replaced partly cationic surfactant species on interacting with CP-bentonite. The positive surface charge originating from the cationic surfactant species located on the external surface of the modified bentonite sample increased at low pH values. The significant amount of dye removal by CP-bentonite at high pH values proved the importance of π and van der Waals interactions other than the electrostatic attraction in the duration of the adsorption process. The adsorption isothermsand the kinetic data were well described by the Langmuir and pseudo-second-order kinetic model, respectively. The Gibbs energy (� G), enthalpy (� H) and entropy (� S) changes in the temperature range 25‐65 ◦ C pointed out that the RR 120 uptake increased in parallel with the temperature. CONCLUSION:Thisstudy showedthatthestructuralarrangementofcetylpyridiniumionsintheCP-bentonitesampleaswellas thepH, temperatureandionicstrengthof thebulk solutioninfluencedtheadsorption of RR120dyefrom aqueoussolutionsby CP-bentonite. c � 2010 Society of Chemical Industry
Dissipation of [14C]glufosinate ammonium in two Ontario soils

Soil thin-layer chromatographic analysis revealed that [14C]glufosinate ammonium was slightly more mobile than amitrole less mobile than picloram in Fox sandy loam and Guelph loam soils. Two glufosinate ammonium metabolites, 3-(methylphosphinyl)propionic acid (MPPA-3) and 2-(methylphosphinyl) acetic acid (MPAA-2), were more mobile than the parent herbicide in the Fox sandy loam. In the Guelph loam, the MPAA-3 metabolite was again more mobile than the parent herbicide. However, the MPAA-2 metabolite was significantly less mobile than the parent herbicide. The adsorption coefficients for [14C]glufosinate ammonium in the Guelph loam and Fox sandy loam soils were 0.37 and 0.21, respectively. Laboratory degradation studies indicated that [14C]glufosinate ammonium was rapidly degraded to its metabolites, MPPA-3 and MPAA-2, and eventually to 14CO2. In all studies conducted, the half-life of glufosinate was between 3 and 7 days.
Electrochemical fabrication and capacitance of composite films of carbon nanotubes and polyaniline

Nanoporous composite films of multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWNTs) and polyaniline (PAn) were grown electrochemically from acidic aqueous solutions, such that the constituents were deposited simultaneously onto graphite electrodes. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) revealed that the composite films consisted of nanoporous networks of MWNTs coated with PAn. Cyclic voltammetry (CV) and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) demonstrated that these composite films had similar electrochemical response rates to pure PAn films, but a lower resistance and much improved mechanical integrity. The specific electrochemical capacitance of the composite films, per unit area of the original electrode, reached as high as 3.5 F cm−2, a significantly greater value than that of 2.3 F cm−2 for pure PAn films prepared similarly.
Chelate-assisted phytoextraction of lead from contaminated soils

Phytoextraction, a remediation strategy for lead (Pb)-contaminated soils that removes soil Pb through plant uptake and harvest, may be enhanced by use of synthetic chelates. The authors evaluated Pb desorption from four contaminated soils by seven chelates (CDTA, DTPA, EDDHA, EFTA, HEDTA, HEIDA, and NTA) at three rates. The three most effective chelates (CDTA, DTPA, and HEDTA) were used in greenhouse studies with an uncontaminated soil and a Pb-contaminated soil to determine the effect of chelate type and rate on growth, Pb uptake, and plant elemental composition. Lead desorption varied with chelate and soil and increased with chelate rate, averaging 948 mg Pb kg{sup {minus}1} at the 20 mmol kg{sup {minus}1} rate vs. 28 mg Pb kg{sup {minus}1} by the control. The general ranking of chelate effectiveness, based on total Pb desorbed, was HEDTA > CDTA > DTPA > EGTA > HEIDA > EDDHA {approximately} NTA. Plant uptake of Pb from the contaminated soil was enhanced by CDTA, DTPA, and HEDTA, but with even the most effective treatment (corn, high CDTA rate), the amount of Pb extracted by plants was rather low. Lead extractable by the Toxicity Characteristic Leaching Procedure (TCLP) was increased from 9 mg L{sup {minus}1} in themore » control to from 47 to 174 mg L{sup {minus}1} in soils treated with 20 mmol kg{sup {minus}1} CDTA or DTPA and chelates generally caused a shift in Pb from resistant to more soluble chemical fractions. « less
Analysis of Security-Reliability Trade-off for Multi-hop Cognitive Relaying Protocol with TAS/SC Technique

A R T I C L E I N F O A B S T R A C T Article history: Received: 29 June, 2020 Accepted: 11 August, 2020 Online: 08 September, 2020 This paper studies a trade-off between security (intercept probability (IP)) and reliability (outage probability (OP)) for a multi-hop decode-and-forward (DF) relaying protocol in an underlay cognitive radio network, in presence of a multi-antenna eavesdropper. In the considered protocol, all primary and secondary terminals are equipped with multiple antennas, and they employ transmit antenna selection (TAS) (at transmitter sides) and selection combining (SC) (at receiver sides) techniques to enhance the system performance. Relying on channel state information (CSI) of the primary-to-secondary interference links known or unknown, two efficient TAS/SC techniques are proposed for the secondary networks. Moreover, operating on the underlay spectrum sharing mode, the secondary transmitters including source and relays must adapt their transmit power so that OP of the primary network is not higher than a pre-determined threshold. Under impact of Rayleigh fading and co-channel interference, the end-to-end (e2e) OP and IP are expressed by exact closed-form expressions that are verified by Monte-Carlo simulations. Then, both simulation and theoretical results are presented to show the OP-IP trade-off.
Power Allocation and User-AP Connection in Distributed Massive MIMO Systems

Recently, distributed massive multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) systems have gained a lot of attention, in which many access points (APs) are deployed in a wide area to simultaneously serve users. This letter investigates a combination of two problems in distributed massive MIMO systems: user-AP selection and power allocation. We derive a closed form of the user achievable rate and use it to form a sum spectral efficiency maximization problem with limited power used in each AP, considering user pilot and data power as variables. Moreover, we propose an approximation of the proposed problem and solve it in an iterative manner. Simulation results prove the effectiveness of proposed scheme in aspects of sum rate performance and AP-user connection.
A continuous-time stochastic model of cell motion in the presence of a chemoattractant

We consider a force-based model for cell motion which models cell forces using Hooke's law and a random outreach from the cell center. In previous work this model was simplified to track the centroid by setting the relaxation time to zero, and a formula for the expected velocity of the centroid was derived. Here we extend that formula to allow for chemotaxis of the cell by allowing the outreach distribution to depend on the spatial location of the centroid.
Using TOST in Teaching Operating Systems and Concurrent Programming Concepts

A R T I C L E I N F O A B S T R A C T Article history: Received: 30 July, 2020 Accepted: 15 October, 2020 Online: 08 November, 2020 The paper is aimed as a concise and relatively self-contained description of the educational environment TOST, used in teaching and learning Operating Systems basics such as Processes, Multiprogramming, Timesharing, Scheduling strategies, and Memory management. TOST also aids education in some important IT concepts such as Deadlock, Mutual exclusion, and Concurrent processes synchronization. The presented integrated environment allows the students to develop and run programs in two simple programming languages, and at the same time, the data in the main system tables can be monitored. The paper consists of a description of TOST system, the features of the built-in programming languages, and demonstrations of teaching the basic Operating Systems principles. In addition, some of the well-known concurrent processing problems are solved to illustrate TOST usage in parallel programming teaching.
Use Fuzzy of Cause-Effect Digraph for Resolution Fault Diagnosis for Process Plants. 2. Diagnostic Algorithm and Applications

A new model graph called the fuzzy cause-effect digraph (FCDG) model was already proposed in part 1, and its capability to eliminate spurious interpretations attributed to system compensation and inverse responses from backward loops and forward paths is to be demonstrated. In this paper the authors attempt to develop a new fault diagnosis algorithm based on the fuzzy cause-effect digraph model. This method applies fuzzy reasoning to estimate the states of unmeasured variables, to explain fault propagation paths, and to locate fault origins. In particular, it can obtain the fault origin occurring in the process with single and multiple loops at the early stage of fault. This study uses a CSTR as an example to explicate this diagnosis method and compares the results with those of other methods.