Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Bone Marrow Fibroblasts Derived from Vitally Frozen Mononuclear Cells As a Source for Germ Line DNA in Acute Myeloid Leukemia (AML)

The introduction of next generation sequencing (NGS) techniques has revolutionized the genetic characterization of malignant diseases. Still, optimal determination of somatic mutations in patients requires not only tumor DNA but also germ line DNA and finding a reliable source for germ line DNA is then crucial. In AML, germ line sources such as skin biopsies and buccal swabs/washes can be hampered by contamination of leukemic cells as well as low amounts of DNA and the use of T-cells is limited by the presence of evolutionary early somatic mutations that are also present in the malignant clone. As AML samples commonly are preserved and biobanked as vitally frozen mononuclear cells, we aimed to find a reliable method using these samples taken at the time of AML diagnosis as a source of germ line DNA. For this purpose, we choose to focus the non-hematopoietic population present in the diagnostic AML bone morrow sample and hypothesized that fibroblasts would fit the purpose. Bone marrow fibroblasts (BMF) were expanded in vitro by thawing vitally frozen mononuclear cells and subsequently grow adherent cells with the aim was to (i) get rid of any leukemic cells (ii) obtain up to 5 µg of germ line genomic DNA. BMFs were cultured from 6 AML patients harboring a monosomy 7 karyotype as well as fibroblast from normal donors. Cells were cultured in MyeloCult™ for up to 6 weeks. After 48 hours, unattached cells washed away while BMF attached to the bottom of the flask and were monitored by light microscopy for their ability to form colonies and retain a flattened shape. At 2, 4 and 6 weeks after initiation of the culture, cells were counted and characterized by a differentiation assay, FISH for monosomy 7, and FACS for surface markers. Doubling time for BMFs was on average 2 weeks although proliferation was age dependent with faster growth in younger patients. After 6 weeks of expansion culture, the number of cells had reached the intended 5.10 6 BMFs and ~5 μg of DNA for most patients. FISH results showed BMF to lack monosomy 7 in contrast to AML to cells. Surface markers were CD73+, CD105+, CD90+, CD45-, CD34- and CD33- and thus showed fibroblast phenotype though also similar with that of mesenchymal stem cells (Table 1). For the differentiation assay, BMFs were cultured with accurate types of medium for 10-14 days allowing cells to differentiate into either bone, fat or cartilage cells. The differentiation assay showed that BMFs were able to differentiate to bone and fat but not cartilage cells. In conclusion, our findings show the feasibility of deriving large amounts of non-hematopoietic cells defined as fibroblasts as a source of germ line DNA from vitally frozen diagnostic AML samples. We consider this as an attractive source of germ line DNA in analyses such as whole genome exome sequencing of AML patients. P1: patient1 ( a BMF; b blast cells), P2: patient2 ( c BMF; d blast cells). Disclosures No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.
THE NATURAL GROUPING OF THE BREMIDÆ (BOMBIDÆ) WITH SPECIAL REFERENCE TO BIOLOGICAL CHARACTERS

1. Contrary to the assertions of Wagner ('06), biological characters are of considerable importance in determining the relationships between the various species of bumblebees, while structural characters frequently make it possible to draw inferences as to the habits of these insects.2. Our North American Marsipœa—at least Brcmus americanorum and Bremus fervidus—feed only their worker brood through pockets, while those larvae which are destined to become queens and males are fed by regurgitation.3. The use of the terms Pollen-primers, Carder-bees, and Long-faced humble-bees (cf. Sladen '12) is impracticable in any comprehensive classification of the Bremidae.4. Von Buttel-Reepen's ('03) explanation of the pollen-priming habit of bumblebees is not substantiated by the biology of some of our North American species.
Irrigation Scheduling Effects on Container Media and Canopy Temperatures and Growth of ‘Hershey’s Red’ Azalea

Overhead irrigation during the day reduced maximum temperatures and their duration within the plant canopy and the container growth medium, and resulted in increased top and root growth of ‘Hershey’s Red’ azalea (Rhododendron × ‘Hershey’s Red’). Intermittent irrigation for 2.5 min/hr during the day reduced canopy temperature but did not affect growth medium temperature or plant growth.
Determining The Asclepias Phylogenetic Tree Through Combined Target Enrichment & Genome Skimming

The milkweed genus Asclepias has long served as a model for studies of reproductive biology (Wyatt and Broyles 1994) and plant defenses (Agrawal and Fishbein 2008). Two American clades, the Sonoran Desert and temperate North American, contain up to 50% of the species’ diversity and serve as the main focus of this experiment. Resolving evolutionary relationships in these clades is crucial to determining the origins and early diversification of the genus, as well as the milkweed species (Fishbein et al. 2011). This project has been ongoing for many years now, collecting and extracting thousands of DNA samples. Through modern genomic sequencing technology and resources, specifically the Hyb-Seq protocol discussed in Weitemeir et al. (2014), the goal is to understand the historical origins for plant speciation.
A NOVEL FMRFamide-RELATED PEPTIDE IN HELIX: pQDPFLRFamide

A novel FMRFamide-like peptide, purified from the ganglia of Helix aspersa, has the amino acid sequence: pyroglutamyl-aspartyl-prolyl-phenylalanyl-leucyl-arginyl-phenylalanine amide (pQDPFLRFamide). Synthetic pQDPFLRFamide was prepared; it is chromatographically and biologically indistinguishable from the natural peptide, confirming the sequence. pQDPFLRFamide is about a hundred times more potent than FMRFamide on the isolated Helix heart, but slightly less potent than FMRFamide on the Busycon radula protractor muscle. Since pQDPFLRFamide occurs in Helix blood at levels sufficient to excite the isolated Helix heart, it may act as a cardioregulatory hormone.
EVALUATION OF ANTIFERTILITY AND TERATOGENIC EFFECTS OF CRUDE EXTRACTS OF Portulaca oleracea IN MALE AND FEMALE ALBINO RATS

Aqueous and methanolic extract Portulaca oleracea are designated as AEPO and MEPO respectively. The antifertility and teratogenic effects of AEPO and MEPO (75 mg/kg BW) were investigated in male and female albino rats. Cohabitation of 50 days AEPO (75 mg/kg BW) and MEPO (75 mg/kg BW) treated male rats and untreated female rats for four weeks produced no positive mating, while the cohabitation of the control group male rat with untreated female rats led to positive mating. Treatment of rats from day 1 to 5 of gestation (early pregnancy) with AEPO (75 mg/kg BW) and MEPO (75 mg/kg BW) caused non-significant (p>0.05) changes in the number of implantation sites relative to the control. Treatment of rats from day 6 to 15 of gestation (mid-pregnancy) with AEPO (75 mg/kg BW) and MEPO (75 mg/kg BW) caused non-significant (p>0.05) changes in fetal size relative to the control as well as absence of gross malformations and resorption sites in all the treated and control rats. Treatment of rats from day 16 to 20 of gestation (late pregnancy) with AEPO (75 mg/kg BW) and MEPO (75 mg/kg BW) caused no significant (p>0.05) changes in litter size and litter weights relative to their respective controls as well as absence of gross malformations and resorption sites in all the treated and control rats. These findings probably indicate that the extracts (AEPO and MEPO) have antifertility effects in male albino rats but have no deleterious effects on the fertility of female albino rats.
Culture of seaweeds monostroma

A species of genus Monostroma cultured and grown in south central Japan along the Pacific coast serves the country as an important source of food. Both in respect of the region where it grows and its ecological characteristics, this is a seaweed that shows striking resemblance with ‘amanori’. The methods of culturing either this species or amanori are also very similar. Most of the species goes into the preparation of a seasoning known as ‘nori tsukudani’. It is also used as the principal ingredient for ‘shirumono’ or soups. In recent years around 1 400 tons (dry weight) of the species has been produced annually, almost 70% of which comes from its main sources. Besides Mie Prefecture, these include Fukushima, Shizuoka, Aichi, and Kagoshima Prefectures. Some basic studies have already been reported on Monostroma and substantial data is available on its morphology, life history, and ecology. These studies, centering on topics like morphology, pattern of growth and life history, indicate that this seaweed be.
The Influence of Starter Cultures on Barley Contaminated with Fusarium Culmorum TMW 4.0754

This study investigates the effects of lactic acid bacteria (LAB) added concomitantly to barley infected with fungal spores or mycelia of Fusarium culmorum TMW 4.0754. The trials were performed in a micromalting plant simulating an industrial malting program. Malt samples were compared with those of nonacidified barley, disinfected nonacidified barley, chemically acidified barley, and barley with additional modified DeMan-Rogosa-Sharpe 4 medium. All control samples had fungal spores and fungal mycelia added. Bacterial cultures were chosen as a result of their enzymatic (proteolytic/amylolytic) activity level or their good acidification properties. The effects of the LAB and Fusarium-infected malts on wort characteristics were investigated. Characteristics such as pH, extract, color, viscosity, total soluble nitrogen (TSN), free amino nitrogen (FAN), apparent fermentability, and lautering performance of the resultant worts were determined. Results showed that spores of F. culmorum TMW 4.0754 do not affect the quality of malt or wort. The quality of wort was reduced when mycelia of F. culmorum were applied in the presence of LAB or chemical lactic acid leading to slower filtration rates, lower extract, fermentability, TSN, and FAN yields along with higher viscosity levels. These effects seemed to depend mainly on the presence of mycelia together with the content of lactic acid present.
Kandungan Fenol dan Aktivitas Antioksidan Makroalga Bentik Caulerpa racemosa (Forsskal) dari Teluk Hurun, Lampung

Caulerpa racemosa is a green benthic macroalga that mainly grows in tropical regions which is expected to bask of strong ultraviolet radiation from sunlight. This circumstance can cause to increase levels of reactive radical species. To reduce and/or protect, organism like macroalga may change its metabolism and stimulate to produce some active compounds, therefore, tropical macroalgae are estimated possessing a large number of active compounds such as antioxidant. In this experiment, edible green benthic macroalga Caulerpa racemosa grown in different water condition were used. The content of total phenol and antioxidant activity of ethyl acetate extract were performed. Pearson correlation between waters condition and antioxidant activities i.e. total phenol and DPPH inhibition were also analyzed. Caulerpa racemosa grown in station 2, exposed in strong radiation from sunlight, had the highest content of total phenol and percentage of DPPH inhibition, with their values were 12.60% and 46.43% respectively. Sunlight intencity in waters had strong positive correlation to the total phenol content and reducing activity of DPPH, however, parameters of nitrate and ammonia had strong negative correlation.
The Epigenetic Regulation of Endothelial Cell-enriched genes in the Vascular Endothelium

The mechanisms which control the gene expression profile of a particular cell type are critical for maintaining homeostasis and physiological processes. A role for epigenetic processes in the regulation of gene expression of an endothelial cell (EC)-enriched gene, namely endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS), has been previously demonstrated. The extent to which epigenetic mechanisms, particularly proximal promoter DNA methylation, plays a role in regulating other EC-enriched genes is not well understood. To investigate whether proximal promoter DNA methylation was important for regulating the expression of EC-enriched genes, we utilized high-resolution sodium bisulfite genomic sequencing, pyrosequencing analysis and DNA immunoprecipitation to assess the methylation status of several EC-enriched gene promoters. We identified differentially methylated regions (DMRs) at the majority of ECenriched gene promoters in ECs versus non-ECs. Inhibition of DNA methyltransferase activity resulted in an induction in mRNA expression of EC genes in non-EC types, indicating the importance of proximal promoter DNA methylation in gene silencing. We further investigated the role of the newly rediscovered cytosine modified base, 5-hydroxymethylcytosine (hmC), in the
Tiempo de latencia para semen colectado de Colossoma macropomum "Gamitana" en solución sacarosa (Latency time for semen collected form Colossoma macropomun "Gamitana" in sucrose solution)

The aim was to estimate the latency time (storage) for semen of Colossoma macropomum, "gamitana" in solution of 400 mM sucrose. Levels of motility higher than 40% were considered as acceptable, because guaranty efficient fertility rates to fingerlings production. In order to develop this experiment, there were collected 2 lots of sperm inmotiles of gamitana (induced with Conceptal ® ) which were subsequently activated using distilled water. The first batch consisted of semen in sucrose 400 mM, pure, at environment temperature and refrigerated (4 °C). The motility was evaluated, each hour until the 7th hour post collection. The second batch included one treatment with 4 replicates of semen in sucrose 400 mM at refrigerated temperature; this batch was evaluated each 12 hours. The results in the first batch of semen shown that after the 7th hour and forward, the motility levels in significant way dropped down below to 40%. For the second batch, the results demonstrate the feasibility of using sucrose solution as a means of preservation, to keep sperm refrigerated for 2 days, and activated with distilled water. Repeated process of extracting and loading from the refrigeration, the same samples, reduce in about 8 hours the viability period in semen with sucrose. We suggest that the use of sucrose as a substrate to store inmotil sperm of gamitana helps preserving sperm for relatively short periods of time.
Floral Variation, Nectar Production, and Reproductive Success of Two Drymonia (Gesneriaceae) Species with Mixed Pollination Syndromes

Premise of research. Pollination syndromes are suites of correlated characters that reflect selection by most frequent and effective pollinators. However, the floral phenotypes of some angiosperm species combine traits from different pollination syndromes. The aim of this study was to assess the correspondence between floral traits and floral visitors, considering the breeding systems of two co-occurring Drymonia species with mixed floral phenotypes. Methodology. We assessed floral morphology, nectar production patterns, frequency of floral visitation, breeding systems, and natural fruit set in Drymonia strigosa and Drymonia oinochrophylla species at Los Tuxtlas, Veracruz, Mexico, during 2011–2014. We also conducted a field test of reproductive assurance in D. strigosa, the only species with a high potential for autonomous self-pollination. Pivotal results. In D. strigosa, morphology and nectar production patterns correspond to the ornithophilous syndrome; however, anthers have poricidal dehiscence, a trait associated with bee pollination. Hummingbirds were the most frequent floral visitors, and stingless bees were less frequent visitors acting mostly as nectar robbers. The species has a high autofertility potential, but autonomous self-pollination contributed little to fruit set during the study years. In D. oinochrophylla, most floral traits correspond to the melittophilous syndrome; however, high nectar production and large flower size resemble traits of chiropterophilous flowers. Primary pollinators were bees with less frequent visits by butterflies and moths; bats were not observed during the study period. Drymonia oinochrophylla is self-compatible, but it has little potential for autonomous self-pollination; therefore, seed production is highly dependent on pollinators. Conclusions. Our results suggest that mixed floral phenotypes in the two Drymonia species are not likely a consequence of visitation by multiple pollinator functional groups. Instead, incomplete correspondence of floral traits with classic pollination syndromes may represent undetected floral visitors in disturbed environments or plesiomorphies retained throughout the evolutionary history of the genus Drymonia.
The rate of false polymorphisms introduced when imputing genotypes from global imputation panels

Previous studies1,2 have shown that large multi-population imputation reference panels increases the number of well-imputed variants. However, to our knowledge, no previous studies have evaluated the rate of introduced variation in monomorphic sites of the study population when using imputation panels with admixed populations. In this study we evaluate the rate of false positive variants introduced by the imputation of Finnish genotype data using global reference panels (Haplotype Reference Consortium1; HRC, and the 1000Genomes project Phase I3; 1000G) and compare the results to a Finnish population-specific reference panel combining whole genome and exome sequenced samples. In sites that were monomorphic in our test set, we observed high false positive rates for the global reference panels (4.0% for 1000G and 2.6% for HRC) compared to the Finnish panel (0.26%). This rate was even higher (7.4%) when using a combination panel of 1000G and Finnish whole genome sequences with cross-panel imputation.
II. In the mesophytic herbaceous species Helianthus annuus

The responses of leaf water potential, leaf conduc- tance, transpiration rate and net photosynthetic rate to va- pour pressure deficits varying from 10 to 30 Pa kPa 1 were followed in Helianthus annuus as the extractable soil water decreased. With a vapour pressure deficit of 25 Pa kPa 1 around the entire plant as the soil water content decreased, the leaf conductance and transpiration rate showed a strong closing response to leaf water potential at a value of -0.65 MPa, whereas with a vapour pressure deficit of
DETERMINANTS OF SUCCESSFUL INTEGRATION PROGRAMM OF SOMALI REFUGEE RETURNEES INTO THE LOCAL COMMUNITY IN SOMALIA

Settlement experiences can be challenging and difficult for refugee communities and individuals. There is no doubt that people who have lived for long periods in refugee camps had difficult experiences and faced a high level of poverty, including low levels of education or no education at all. Some have suffered terribly from posttraumatic disorder as a result of conflict and displacement. Due to the influx of Somali refugees in Kenya, the three permanent solutions to the predicament of refugees were deemed impossible to implement. The governments of Somalia and Kenya together with the UNHCR signed a tripartite agreement which was to oversee voluntary repatriation of the exiled individuals. Integration of refugee returnees with their organization local community has been faced by challenges. There is need to address the challenges to have successful integration of Somali refugee returnees into the original local community. The current study aimed at addressing the existing research gap by establishing the determinants of successful integration of Somali refugee returnees into the local community in Somalia. This research problem was studied through the use of a descriptive survey design. The target population of the study will be 1085 household of refuges return in Somalia and 75 UNHCR officials in Somalia. The sample size of the study was 314 respondents. The questionnaire was selected instrument or tool for data collection for the study. The researcher used trained research assistants to administer the questionnaires to all the respondents of the study. The study was carried out a pilot study to pretest and validate the questionnaire. Quantitative data collected was analysed by the use of descriptive statistics using SPSS and presented through percentages, means, standard deviations and frequencies. The information was displayed by use of bar charts, graphs and pie charts and in prose-form. Content analysis was used to test data that is qualitative in nature or aspect of the data collected from the open-ended questions. Multiple regressions were done to establish the determinants of successful integration of Somali refugee returnees into the local community in Somalia. The study conducted a correlation analysis to establish the strength of the relationship between the independent and the dependent variable. The study established that family support system affected successful integration of Somali refugee returnees into the local community. The study further revealed that language affects successful integration of Somali refugee returnees into the local community in Somalia to great extent. The study revealed that social-cultural factors positively affect successful integration of Somali refugee returnees into the local community in Somalia. The study found that government support system affect successful integration of Somali refugee returnees into the local community in Somalia.
The role of biochemical markers in predicting worsening heart failure; comparison of biomarkers / Kötüleşen kalp yetmezliğini öngörmede biyokimyasal belirteçlerin rolü; biyobelirteçlerin karşılaştırılması

Abstract Objective: Heart failure is the end stage of many cardiac disorders. Worsening heart failure causes high mortality in these patients. In the present study, we aimed to elucidate and compare the biochemical predictors of worsening heart failure. Methods: One hundred one patients with heart failure were included in this study. Patients were divided into two groups according to their functional status. N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide (NT-pro BNP), troponin T, serum and urine creatinine, blood urine nitrogen (BUN), eGFR, cystatin C, neutrophil gelatinase associated lipocalin (NGAL), C - reactive protein, hepatic transaminases and thyroid stimulating hormone levels were measured. Results: NT-pro BNP, troponin T, serum creatinine, BUN, cystatin C and NGAL levels were significantly higher but urine creatinine level and eGFR was lower in decompensated heart failure patients. In univariate analysis, age, cystatin C, NGAL, NT-pro BNP and serum creatinine and eGFR predicted worsening heart failure (WHF). In multivariate analysis, cystatin C and NT-pro BNP variables were found to be significant in predicting WHF. However, eGFR were determined at the limit of significance (p=0.053) with an high odds ratio 3.173 (95% CI:0.983-10.240). Cystatin C and NT-pro BNP concentrations were predictors of worsening heart failure. In ROC analysis, cystatin C is a better predictor of decompensated heart failure compared with NT-pro BNP and other predictors, and has a sensitivity of 82% and a specificity of 63%. Conclusion: This study revealed that cystatin C and NT-pro BNP were significant predictors of WHF, and cystatin C is slightly better predictor of WHF. Further studies are needed to confirm these results.