Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A service evaluation of the therapy assessments used for preoperative wrist surgery assessments within a single National Health Service Trust

Introduction Chronic wrist joint pain is complex and often managed surgically. Where pain predominates, but function and movement are good, conservative or less invasive procedures may be preferable, such as denervation. To aid surgical selection denervation effectiveness can be predicted by a wrist assessment including nerve blocks. While much literature exists for denervation surgery no research to date has explored nerve blocks from a therapy assessment perspective. The purpose of this service evaluation was to establish current assessment practice, provide an important starting point to discuss why assessments may be selected and aid understanding of the assessment service provided. Methods A service evaluation was undertaken. The assessments selected by three therapists for cases referred for a preoperative wrist assessment were recorded and analysed. Results Fourteen participants were recruited during a five-month period. The mean age was 57.43 years (range 21–79). Two assessments were terminated to address conservative management. Of the remaining 12 participants, assessments included range of motion, cumulative and resting pain 100% (n = 12), grip and pinch strength 92% (n = 11), function 17% (n = 2) and Baltimore Therapeutic Equipment static and dynamic movements 92% (n = 11). Conclusion This time-limited evaluation provides insight into the varied assessments used, by therapists within a single NHS Trust, to simulate activity and/or wrist structures under stress. The assessment is a global patient-centred process which aids identification of strategies for conservative and surgical procedures including denervation surgery. Despite the small sample, trends were noted in the practices of experienced hand therapists.
UTILIZATION OF AN EXTRA-ANATOMIC STENT (EAS) IN THE MANAGEMENT OF PATIENTS WITH ADVANCED MALIGNANT

Cíl: Častou komplikací u pacientů s maligním onemocněním je ureterální obstrukce. Řešením je zavedení ureterálního stentu, nefrostomická drenáž nebo otevřená chirurgická intervence. Extraanatomické stenty (EAS) jsou alternativou derivace moči u pacientů s pokročilým maligním onemocněním s krátkou životní prognózou. Cílem práce je ověřit efektivitu derivace moči pomocí EAS a vyhodnotit kvalitu života (QoL – Quality of Life).
Attitude on Human Papilloma Virus vaccination

A comparative study was conducted to assess the attitude on Human Papilloma Virus (HPV) Vaccination among health professionals and non health professionals in selected institutions of Manipal University, Manipal. The objectives were to assess the attitude on HPV vaccination and compare among health and non health professionals . A survey approach using comparative research design was used for the study. Stratified random sampling technique was used to select 45 samples to each group i.e health professional and non health professionals working in institutions of Manipal University by administering structured attitude questionnaire to collect the data. It was found that 80% of health professionals and 46.7% of non health professionals had positive attitude towards HPV vaccination. Health professional had highest attitude level which shows it is clinically significant but statistically there was no significance between attitude among health and non health professionals.
The Root Cause Factors and the Status of Students Drop-out in Public Primary Schools of Harari Regional State, Ethiopia

The purpose of this study was to identify root cause factors and examine the status of dropout in primary schools of Harari Regional State of Ethiopia. Descriptive survey research design was employed to explain the existing conditions of the research problems understudy. 12 primary schools were taken as samples using simple random sampling technique. Regarding the sample size, 163 homeroom teachers, 324 students and 12 charity club head teachers, 12 principals and 5 Woreda supervisors were involved. Simple random sampling, purposive sampling and available sampling were used as sampling techniques. Documents and reports were reviewed which obtained from 2010/11 and 2012 academic years to see the drop-out trends of schools. The questionnaire consisted of 13 rank order items on the root cause factors and forwarded for teachers and students. Semi-structured interview questions were administered for school principals, charity club head teachers and Woreda supervisors on the cause factors of drop-out. The collected quantitative data were analyzed with frequency and percentage whereas the qualitative data were narrated in terms of words. Even though the enrolment rates were increased from year to year, the drop-out rate trends were also increased and large numbers of students were at risk of dropping out of education. Many students dropped their education and became street children and exposed to physical and mental chastisement. Low family income (poverty), parents’ death due to HIV/AIDS and other problems, parents forcing children to work, and single parenting were the major cause factors of students’ drop-out. Therefore, establishing family strengthening program, boarding schools and design prevention, protection and
Microalbumin in Urine as Cardiovascular Disease risk marker in patients of acute chest pain.

In the present study we have tried to highlight the importance of future policies on screening for Microalbuminuria for the management of chest pain as an independent risk factor for CVD. In the present study, Microalbuminuria was estimated in patients of acute chest pain.The patients were divided in to two study groups(gp-1 patients of chest pain with CVD& gp-2 patients of chest pain of causes other than CVD) one healthy control group Microalbuminuria was estimated by Nephalometery.Continuous variables are presented as means±Standard deviation and analysed using ANOVA& Chi-square test with p 30 mg/L) was 6.250 with 95% confidence interval ranging from 2.346 to 16.653 and the associated p<0.05. Taking cut off value of Microalbuminuria 30 mg/L, the Sensitivity in Group-1 was 86%,Specificity 64% and Positive Predictive value 86%. The relative risk in Group-2 can not be calculated,as all the patients in this group were having normoalbuminuria. Sensitivity, Specificity & Positive predictive value of Microalbuminuria was also higher in gp-1(CVD) patients as compared to other two groups. Therefore, Microalbuminuria can be used as important biomarkers in screening CVD.
Association of Dairy Intake with Hypertension and Metabolic Syndrome in a Community-Based Brazilian Adults

Background: Results of epidemiological studies that have evaluated the relationship between dairy food consumption and risk of metabolic syndrome are not consistent and sometimes controversial. Objective: We performed the present study to identify the association of dairy intake and the metabolic syndrome and its individual components (abdominal obesity, low HDLcholesterol, hypertriglyceridemia, hyperglycemia and high blood pressure). Methods: This study included 763 individuals clinically selected for the lifestyle modification program “Move for health” and fulfilling the inclusion criteria of having data of socioeconomic, demographic, physical activity and dietary assessments, as well as the anthropometric, clinical and biochemical assessments for the metabolic syndrome diagnosis (National Cholesterol Educational Program Treatment Panel III). A 24-h dietary recall was used to estimate the dietary intake and 3 daily servings of dairy were considered as adequate. Statistical analysis was performed using the SAS 9.3 software, t-student, ANOVA, Tukey and logistic regression analysis, adopting the significance level of p < 0.05. Results: Among the individuals of our cohort, the majority was female, with low family income, poor diet, and abdominal obesity. The lower decile of dairy intake was associated with lower income, lower healthy score index, lower intake of total energy, lower intake of saturated fatty acids, and lower intake of calcium. Lower dairy intake was not associated with the presence of metabolic syndrome and rather, with hypertension. Conclusion: This study found an inverse association of dairy intake and presence of hypertension, which may support the potential benefit of dairy consumption, as part of a balanced diet and a healthy lifestyle, to prevent the development or delay the onset hypertension in this population.
Existe asociación entre enfermedad vascular cerebral e hipocolesterolemia en pacientes de la Secretaría de Salud

BACKGROUND: THE SPONTANEOUS INTRACEREBRAL HEMORRHAGE (ICH) OCCURS IN APPROXIMATELY 10% OF ALL CASES OF CEREBRAL VASCULAR DISEASE (CVD). THE ETIOLOGY OF THIS CONDITION INCLUDES VASCULAR MALFORMATIONS, HYPERTENSION, AND DRUG USE. RECENTLY ATTENTION HAS FOCUSED ON THE ASSOCIATION BETWEEN HYPOCHOLESTEROLEMIA AND INCREASED INCIDENCE OF HIC. OBJECTIVES: TO DETERMINE ASSOCIATION BETWEEN HEMORRHAGIC CVD AND HYPOCHOLESTEROLEMIA. MATERIAL AND METHODS: CASE-CONTROL STUDY WAS MADE IN THE INTERNAL MEDICINE SERVICE IN HOSPITAL GENERAL XOCO.WE INCLUDED 88 PATIENTS, 44 WITH CVD HEMORRHAGIC CORROBORATED TOMOGRAPHIC AND 44 HEALTHY CONTROLS. VALUES WERE DETERMINED SERUM CHOLESTEROL, TRIGLYCERIDES, HDL-CHOLESTEROL AND LDL-CHOLESTEROL IN ALL SUBJECTS. THE STATISTICAL ANALYSIS WAS CONDUCTED BY OBTAINING ODDS RATIO FOR EACH VARIABLE WITH CONFIDENCE INTERVAL TO 95%. RESULTS: THE ODDS RATIO OF RISK OF HEMORRHAGIC EVC FOR HYPOCHOLESTEROLEMIA WAS 1.33 (95% CI 1.21-1.45, P
Comparison between the efficacy and safety of podophyllin resin versus cryotherapy in treatment of anogenital warts

Objective To compare the efficacy and safety of podophyllin resin VS cryotherapy in treatment of anogenital warts. Methods A total of 104 patients were enrolled, 52 in each group A & B. Group A was treated with cryotherapy and Group B was treated with podophyllin resin. Findings were noted in already devised proforma. Patients were evaluated at last follow up visit to assess results. Results 88% of patients in group a showed excellent results at the end of treatment whereas this figure was 8% in group B. Conclusion Cryotherapy was found to be more effective and safe than podophyllin resin in treatment of anogenital warts.
Effets de la durée du diabète de type 1 sur la pression artérielle pulsée : étude transversale contrôlée

Summary Arterial pulse pressure in relation to the duration of type 1 diabetes: a cross-sectional controlled study Diabetes mellitus and arterial pulse pressure (PP) are two independent cardiovascular risk factors. This crosssectional study investigated the influence of diabetes duration on PP in type 1 diabetic patients without any cardiovascular disease. PP was measured continuously during 3 minutes (active orthostatic test: 1 min standing - 1 min squatting - 1 min standing) using a fingertip plethysmograph (Finapres) in 159 type 1 diabetic patients aged 20-60 yrs. They were divided into 4 groups according to diabetes duration: 1) G1: 30 yrs (n=18). In order to separate the effects of age from the effects of diabetes duration, diabetic patients were compared to age- and sex-matched non diabetic controls. PP (expressed in mmHg; mean±SD) was higher in men than in women in both diabetic (58±15 vs 50±14; p=0.001) and non diabetic subjects (55±14 vs 47±12; p=0.001). Overall PP was higher in diabetic than in non diabetic individuals (54±15 vs 50±13; p=0.025). PP progressively increased according to diabetes duration: 47±16 vs 51±13 vs 59±14 vs 62±12, from G1 to G4 respectively; p 8% (55±16), with (57±17) or without (54±14) microalbuminuria, treated (56±14) or not (54±15) by inhibitors of the renin-angiotensin system. In conclusion, PP progressively increased with the duration of type 1 diabetes, independently of age. Such increase was more marked in squatting than in standing position. The role of such PP rise in the increased cardiovascular risk of patients with type 1 diabetes, although suspected in the recent EURODIAB Prospective Complications Study, deserves further investigation. Resume
Development and Testing of the Intelligent Bed for Heart Failure Patients: A Feasibility Study

Introduction: Each year, more than 3.6 million Europeans are diagnosed with heart failure [1]. In the Danish ‘Teledi@log Project’, telemedicine applications have been developed and tested with the goal of decreasing the high readmission rate and improving quality of life for heart failure patients [2]. A prototype of the Intelligent Bed was tested in the fall of 2013. The Intelligent Bed is a hospital bed designed with intelligent components, such as sensors indicating the patient is ‘out of bed’, light under bed, humidity measurement, and patient’s weight. Data from the weight sensor was transmitted to a Personal Health Record that could be viewed by both the patient and by healthcare professionals from hospital and the district nursing office. Via smart phones, the district nurses could receive alarms if certain measurements
Comparison between typical and atypical antipsychotics according their effects on metabolism in schizophrenia patients

Objective This study aimed at assessing the risk factors causing metabolic dysregulations in schizophrenia patients on antipsychotics treatment. Background Schizophrenia is a devastating mental illness with wide prevalence of high mortality and morbidity rates associated with high prevalence of metabolic syndrome that is characterized by hyperglycemia, obesity, dyslipidemia, and hypertension. Patients and methods This is a cross-sectional study conducted on 40 patients suffering from schizophrenia taking typical and atypical antipsychotics only (groups I and II, respectively). Detailed general medical, neurological history, examination, and psychiatric history were taken from patients. Results Results revealed insignificant difference among groups regarding gender, age of onset ( first episode, last episode), duration of last period of treatment and total illness, blunted effect, poor rapport, emotional withdrawal, lack of spontaneity of conversation, and difficulty in abstract and stereotyping thinking; in contrast, the number of relapses were increased significantly in groups. However, insignificant differences were detected between baseline and after 6 months regarding blood elements, triglyceride, 2 h postprandial, and liver and kidney function. Conclusion Schizophrenia as a syndrome can by itself produce metabolic abnormalities. It is usually treated with first-generation and/or second-generation antipsychotics, which also can produce metabolic adverse events, but the second-generation antipsychotics can produce more frequently and severely. There were some dysregulations obvious only with typical antipsychotics. The lipid and glucose metabolism were significantly dysregulated after 6 months, but it did not reach the threshold of diagnosis of diabetes mellitus or pathological dyslipidemia. In addition, healthier lifestyle, low carbohydrate and fatty meal consumption, good premorbid metabolic parameters, and good choice of antipsychotic help in prognosis of metabolic status of schizophrenic patients.
"School’s out for summer, school’s out forever": the long-term health consequences of leaving school during a bad economy

This paper investigates whether leaving school in a bad economy deteriorates health in the longrun. We focus on individuals in England and Wales who left full-time education in their last year of compulsory schooling immediately after the 1973 oil crisis. Our identification strategy builds on two sources. First, it relies on the comparison of very similar individuals – born the same year – whose school-leaving behaviour in different economic conditions was exogeneously induced by compulsory schooling laws. More specifically, within a same birth cohort, pupils born at the end of the calendar year (September to December) were forced to leave school almost a year later than pupils born earlier in the year (January to August). Second, we exploit the sharp increase in unemployment rates generated by the 1973 oil crisis. Between 1974 and 1976, each school cohort indeed faced worse economic conditions at labour-market entry than the previous one. Unlike school-leavers who did postpone their entry on the labour market during the 1980s and 1990s recessions, we provide evidence that pupils’ decisions to leave school at compulsory age between 1974 and 1976 were not endogeneous to the contemporaneous economic conditions at labour market entry. We use a repeated cross section of individuals over 1983-2001 from the General Household Survey (GHS) and take a life-course perspective, from 7 to 26 years after school-leaving. Our results show that men who left school in a bad economy have a higher probability of smoking over the whole period (1983-2001) and of having ever smoked. Women who left school in a bad economy are more likely to report poorer health over the whole period under study. They also have a higher probability to restrict their activity due to illness or injury and to consult the General Practitioner. We do not find any significant effects of poor economic conditions at labour-market entry on subsequent labour-market, marriage and fertility outcomes.
The investigation of efficiency of lactic acid elimination training on elite wrestlers done on the same day after intense strength training

Objective; The purpose of this study is to examine effectiveness of wrestelers' recovery and regeneration process on the following day of the intensive training in terms of accelarating the elemination of lactic acid (sweat training). Desing and Method; Twenty (n:20) elite athletes voluntarily participated in research. Two groups were formed as elimination (n:10) one and control (n:10) one. The average age of the elimination group was 19.7±1.2 years, the average sport age 7.4±2.5 years, height 1.77±0.1 cm. , body weight 82.2±9.6 kg. The average age of the control group was 20.5±1.3 years, the average sport age 8.6±2.2 years, height 1.72±0.1 cm, body weight 72.4±12.2 kg. In research, before training and after, the data of lactic acid, (passive) rest and (active) maximal pulse were taken. Results; While the values of the elimination and control groups were compared, a significant difference was statistically found among the values of lactic acid before training, the rest (passive) pulse before training (p<0.05). Conclusion;Based on the data acquired, in the result of our study, it is determined that the reference values that the athletes, who perform lactic acid elimination training in wrestling, will be able to use in the future. We consider that it would be useful to perform additionally lactic acid training for the athletes who perform an intense wrestling training.
CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE OF PLASMA MIR-21, MIR-141, MIR-29C, AND MIR-BART7 IN PATIENTS WITH LOCALLY ADVANCED NASOPHARYNGEAL CANCER AND THEIR ALTERATIONS AFTER CHEMORADIATION THERAPY

Introduction: Plasma microRNAs (miRNAs) are biological markers that have been extensively studied in cancer, including nasopharyngeal cancer (NPC). The clinical significance of miRNA in NPC patients in Indonesia has never been studied. Objective: This study was aimed to know the expression of plasma miRNAs in NPC patients (miR-21, miR-29c, miR-141dan miR-BART7) and their relationship with clinicopathological characteristics and treatment response. Method: This was a cohort, longitudinal study among locally advanced NPC patients (stage IIB-IVB) in Dharmais Cancer Hospital, Jakarta. miRNA expression was assayed using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) technique. Four miRNAs were evaluated, i.e., miR-21, miR-29c, miR-141, and EBV-miR-BART7. The results were normalized against a reference gene, miR-16. Result: A total of 52 patients and 10 normal subjects were enrolled in this study; 17 of them completed treatment. Patients’ mean age was 45.1+12.53 (14-68) years. The ratio between men and women was 3:1. MiR-21 and miR-29c could be detected in all subjects; miR-141 was detected in 22 (42.3%) and EBV-miR-BART7 in 26 (50%) subjects. There was no significant difference between miR-21 or miR-29c expression between before and after therapy. However, miR-21 expressions tend to decrease in a patient with complete response (CR) (4.13+3.65 vs. 2.74+3.23; p=0.650) and tend to increase in patients with partial response (PR) (3.00+5.86 vs. 8.77+8.43; p=0.465). There was no difference of miR-29c expression between CR and PR patients. Conclusion: Our study shows that not all miRNA can be detected in the plasma of NPC patients. Levels of miRNA expressions in these locally advanced patients are similar. Expression of miR-21 is potentially used as a biomarker of evaluating treatment response in NPC patients.
Drug Use Among Prisoners Before, During and After Custody

This study examines the use of drugs in a Welsh prison within the context of drug use in the community as a whole. It involves a survey of custodial and non-custodial drug use among male inmates in a local prison population (n = 134) reporting drug use before custody and a different group of ex-prisoners on probation (n = 119) reporting drug use in prison and post-custody. In prison 75% used drugs; in the community 74% used drugs before and 82%) after custody. The results identify a minority of “hard” drug users and a majority of users of other drugs in prison; 68% used Cannabis, 25% Amphetamine and 10% Heroin. This is closely comparable to drug use in the community. Risk behaviours are high, 27.5% of the study population as a whole injected a range of drugs in the community and 14% did so in custody, where 9% reported sharing needles and syringes. There are implications for recent prison drug policies.
Modeling transcutaneous electrical stimulation

Transcutaneous electrical stimulation (TES) is a technique to artificially activate motor nerves and muscles by applying electrical current pulses to pairs of electrodes placed on the skin surface. TES can be used for sports, fitness, rehabilitation, and restoration of lost motor functions, e.g. in subjects with brain or spinal cord lesions. In this thesis a versatile TES simulation framework (TES model) that calculates nerve activation using a finite element model combined with non-linear nerve models was developed. The aim of this model was to investigate new TES technologies and to better understand specific effects in TES. Nerve activation in the TES model was calculated either in nerve bundles or by using activation volumes which describe whole regions where nerves are activated. Computer graphics methods were applied to the activation volumes in order to introduce measures to estimate the activation depth and the selectivity. The TES model and its parametrization were verified using experimental measurements that were undertaken on human volunteers. Three types of measurements were performed and compared with the TES model: • Voltage measurements using surface electrodes that measured the potential on the skin and needle electrodes in order to measure intramuscular voltages. • Motor thresholds on the volunteers were measured using an accelerometer that was placed on the stimulation electrode. • Finger forces were measured during TES using a grasp assessment system. A sensitivity study was performed in order to quantify the influence of different model parameters on nerve activation (e.g. capacitive effects, electrode-skin contact resistance, electrode material resistance, or nerve depth). This revealed the parameters with the largest influence in TES and allowed us to conclude which model simplifications can be made. One of the goals of TES systems is to selectively activate motor nerves in order to accomplish a specific motor function. However, TES