Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Unexpected catalytic performance in silent tantalum oxide through nitridation and defect chemistry.

This work reports on the preparation of a noble-metal-free and highly active catalyst that proved to be an efficient and green reductant with renewable capacity. Nitridation of a silent Ta1.1O1. 05 substrate led to the formation of a series of TaOxNy hollow nanocrystals that exhibited outstanding activity toward catalytic reduction of nitrobenzenes under ambient conditions. ESR and XPS results indicated that defective nitrogen species and oxygen vacancies at the surfaces of the TaOxNy nanocrystals may play synergetic roles in the reduction of nitrobenzenes. The underlying mechanism is completely different from those previously reported for metallic nanoparticles. This work may provide new possibilities for the development of novel defect-meditated catalytic systems and offer a strategy for tuning any catalysts from silent to highly reactive by carefully tailoring the chemical composition and surface defect chemistry.
Analysis of semidefinite relaxation detector in MIMO channel

Communication techniques based on multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) have been increasingly exploited in order to obtain communication systems with high capacity and throughput, against the scenario of increasing scarcity of spectrum. In this context, the semidefinite relaxation (SDR) based-signal detector has attracted enormous interest. The sub-optimal SDR detection strategy is very promising due to its very near-optimal maximum-likelihood (ML) performance combined with polynomial time complexity cost. This work analyzes the SDR detector under MIMO channels, considering its robustness to imperfect channel coefficients estimation, as well as its performance under antenna selection technique.
Neutrophil gelatinase‐associated lipocalin (NGAL): A new marker of kidney disease

The incidence of both acute kidney injury (AKI, previously referred to as acute renal failure) and chronic kidney disease (CKD) is reaching epidemic proportions. In both situations, early intervention can significantly improve the prognosis. However, the paucity of early, predictive, non‐invasive biomarkers has impaired our ability to institute potentially effective therapies for these common clinical conditions in a timely manner. The current status of one of the most promising novel biomarkers, namely neutrophil gelatinase‐associated lipocalin (NGAL), is presented in this review. The evidence for the role of NGAL measurements in a variety of clinical situations leading to AKI (cardiac surgery, kidney transplantation, contrast nephropathy, haemolytic uraemic syndrome and in the intensive care setting) or to CKD (lupus nephritis, glomerulonephritides, obstruction, dysplasia, polycystic kidney disease, IgA nephropathy) is explored. The emerging utility of standardized clinical platforms for reliable measurement of NGAL in plasma (Triage® NGAL Device; Biosite Incorporated) and urine (ARCHITECT® analyzer; Abbott Diagnostics) is also discussed. It will be important in future studies to validate the sensitivity and specificity of NGAL concentration measurements in clinical samples from large cohorts and from multiple clinical situations. Such studies will be facilitated by the anticipated widespread availability of standardized commercial tools in the near future.
Endoscope-assisted retrosigmoid keyhole approach for cerebellopontine angle: cadaveric study

Abstract Conclusion: A 20 mm hole made backwards from the midpoint of the asterion to the mastoid process is suitable for a retrosigmoid keyhole approach with the aid of an endoscope. The endoscope-assisted retrosigmoid keyhole approach can be considered an effective and safe method for removal of vestibular schwannoma. Objective: To investigate the feasibility of the endoscope-assisted retrosigmoid keyhole approach for exposing the cerebellopontine angle (CPA) and internal auditory canal (IAC). Methods: With the aid of an endoscope, we simulated surgical procedures in 30 sides of 15 formalin-fixed cadaver heads. Results: (1) For 24 (80%) sides, the midpoint of the top notch to the mastoid process was in the anterior edge of the sigmoid sinus; for 27 sides (90%) the midpoint of the asterion to the mastoid process was in the posterior edge of the sigmoid sinus. (2) The IAC and CPA were exposed by the retrosigmoid keyhole approach with the aid of the endoscope.
Developing and evaluating an oral health-related quality of life index for children; the CHILD-OIDP.

OBJECTIVE To develop an oral health-related quality of life index in Thai children and evaluate its psychometric properties. DESIGN Cross-sectional study of children aged 11-12 years, attending the final year of primary school (grade-six). Development and evaluation process was conducted on non-random sample in U-thong District, Suphan-buri province, Thailand. Re-evaluation of the index included all target group children in a municipal area of Suphan-buri province, Thailand. The psychometric properites evaluated in this study refer to face, content and concurrent validity and internal and test-retest reliability. PARTICIPANTS 513 children in the development process. 1,100 children in the re-evaluation. RESULTS Throughout the development process, the OIDP index was modified and its psychometric properties evaluated. The final test revealed excellent validity and reliability. Weighted kappa was 0.93. There was no negative correlation between any item, corrected item-total correlation coefficients were between 0.4-0.7, Standardised Cronbach's alpha coefficient was 0.82. The index showed very significant associations with perceived oral treatment need (p < 0.001) and perceived oral health problems (p < 0.001). The validity and reliability of the index was confirmed by similar results in the re-evaluation study. CONCLUSIONS This study has demonstated that the CHILD-OIDP index is a valid, reliable and practical measure of oral health-related quality of life in 12 year old Thai children.
Certified Occupational Health Nurse Specialists Practicing as Nurse Practitioners

N urse practitioners (NPs) have been providing diagnosis and treatment, within their scope of practice, for work related injury and illness in California for more than 20 years. However, this NP care has been mostly "invisible" to policy makers because NPs are not specifically listed as treating providers in the California Labor Code. Additionally, since 1994 there have been several regulatory changes and administrative decisions that have provided greater visibility of NP practice in the California workers' compensation (WC) system, but have resulted in a narrow interpretation of the NP role. The interpretation is that NPs can provide care and get reimbursed in the WC system, but are limited in outlining or modifying a treatment plan, certifying disability, or signing a "Doctor's First Report of Injury" (DFR). These changes have caused confusion among insurance carriers, employers, attorneys, physicians, and occupational health nurses about the NP role in the WC system in California. This confusion comes at a time when there are limited data about NP outcomes in the WC system, and a
Cutaneous T-Cell Lymphoma: A Paradigm for Biological Therapies

Mycosis Fungoides and Sézary Syndrome are the most common types of cutaneous T-cell lymphomas. There is no current standard of care for Mycosis Fungoides/Sézary Syndrome, with a general tendency to rely on topical interventions for early disease delaying systemic, more toxic therapy until the development of extensive symptoms. Knowledge of the biological characteristics of this disease has allowed for the development of rational interventions and a significant advance in its treatment. Retinoids are active in Mycosis Fungoides/Sézary Syndrome with the newer rexinoids being available in topical and systemic forms. Interferon alpha remains one of the most active therapeutic agents for Mycosis Fungoides/Sézary Syndrome, especially in combination with other agents such as PUVA. The monoclonal antibody alemtuzumab leads to responses in at least half of patients with advanced disease with its side effect profile consisting mainly of immunosupression and infusion reactions. The recombinant IL2-diphteria toxin denileukin diftitox (Ontak) is active in this disease and appears to have a beneficial effect in symptoms relief and quality of life. Extracorporeal photochemotherapy as an immunostimulating intervention seems to be very effective in a subset of patients, but its availability is limited to less than a hundred centers worldwide. Experimental and less studied interventions include autologous and allogeneic peripheral stem cell transplantation, Interleukin-12, the histone-deacetylator depsipeptide and the synthetic deoxynucleotide CpG7909. Cutaneous T-cell lymphoma has served as a paradigm for the development of biological agents. Further knowledge of the signaling pathways in Mycosis Fungoides/Sézary Syndrome will allow for the development of more effective treatment strategies.
Ouabain distinguishes between nicotinic and muscarinic receptor‐mediated catecholamine secretions in perfused adrenal glands of cat

1 The effect of ouabain on catecholamine (adrenaline and noradrenaline) secretion induced by agents acting on cholinoceptors was studied in perfused cat adrenal glands. Acetylcholine (ACh) (5 × 10−7 to 10−3m), pilocarpine (10−5 to 10−3m) and nicotine (10−6 to 5 × 10−5m) caused dose‐dependent increases in catecholamine secretion. Both ACh and nicotine released more noradrenaline than adrenaline and the reverse was the case for pilocarpine. 2 Ouabain (10−5m) enhanced catecholamine secretion induced by ACh (10−5m), pilocarpine (10−3m) and nicotine (3 × 10−6m) during perfusion with Locke solution. The ratio of adrenaline to noradrenaline was not affected by ouabain. 3 In the absence of extracellular Ca2+, ACh and pilocarpine, but not nicotine, still caused a small increase in catecholamine secretions, which were enhanced by treatment with ouabain (10−5m) plus Ca2+ (2.2 mm) for 25 min. The effect of ouabain was much more significant on noradrenaline secretion than on adrenaline secretion. The enhanced response was blocked by atropine (10−6m) but not by hexamethonium (5 × 10−4m). 4 Nifedipine (2 × 10−6m) inhibited the responses to pilocarpine and nicotine. The treatment with ouabain (10−5 m) reversed only the response to pilocarpine and resulted in a significant increase in the proportion of noradrenaline released. 5 It is suggested that ouabain enhances evoked catecholamine secretions by facilitating Ca2+ entry through nicotinic receptor‐linked Ca2+ channels and by increasing the intracellular Ca2+ pool linked to muscarinic receptors.
The Power of a Smile to Move You

Extending evidence that nonverbal complementary behavior can occur in dyads to the intergroup domain, the authors predicted that women assume a relatively submissive (narrow) posture when confronted with a male instructor adopting a dominant (broad) posture, but only when he smiles (affiliation motive) and when gender is salient. Male affiliation (smiling vs. not smiling) and gender salience were manipulated in Study 1 by focusing on sex differences (vs. individual differences) in presentation style, strengthened by the instructor making a sexist remark. As predicted, women adopted a more submissive posture when gender was salient and the male instructor smiled. In Study 2, male posture was manipulated (dominant vs. submissive) to examine postural complementarity in women. Study 3 replicated the postural effect, especially when the sexist remark is present. This effect was mediated by the instructor’s perceived warmth. Implications for gender, benevolent sexism, and intergroup power relations are discussed.
Length of time between onset of childhood sexual abuse and emergence of depression in a young adult sample: a retrospective clinical report.

OBJECTIVE Depression is the most common adult outcome of exposure to childhood sexual abuse (CSA). In this study, we retrospectively assessed the length of time from initial abuse exposure to onset of a major depressive episode. METHOD A community-based survey of childhood experiences in 564 young adults aged 18 to 22 years, conducted between 1997 and 2001, identified 29 right-handed female subjects with CSA but no other exposure to trauma. Subjects were interviewed for lifetime history and age at onset of Axis I disorders using the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV Axis I Disorders. RESULTS Sixty-two percent (N = 18) of the sexual abuse sample met full lifetime criteria for major depressive disorder. Episodes of depression emerged a mean +/- SD of 9.2 +/- 3.6 years after onset of exposure to sexual abuse. Mean survival time from onset of abuse to onset of depression for the entire sample was 11.47 years (95% CI = 9.80 to 13.13 years). There was a surge in new cases between 12 and 15 years of age. Mean +/- SD time to onset of posttraumatic stress disorder was 8.0 +/- 3.9 years. CONCLUSIONS Exposure to CSA appears to sensitize women to the development of depression and to shift age at onset to early adolescence. Findings from this formative study suggest that clinicians should not interpret the absence of symptoms at the time of CSA as a sign of resilience. Continued monitoring of victims of CSA as they pass through puberty is recommended. Reasons for the time lag between CSA and depression are proposed along with potential strategies for early intervention.
Benchmarking access structures for the similarity retrieval of high-dimensional multimedia data

In multimedia databases it is usual to map objects into feature vectors in high dimensional spaces. In order to speed query processing, access structures, or indices, are required. Classical spatial access structures such as the R*-tree are bound to fail when the space dimensional is not low. Fortunately, several access structures for high dimensional spaces, e.g., the SS-tree, SR-tree and M-tree have been proposed. However, each of those structures have been benchmarked in a rather ad-hoc manner. The paper benchmarks and compares all the above structures using a real dataset of 40000 high dimensional objects. All structures have been implemented on top of the GiST infrastructure to minimize the risk of implementation bias. Even though no structure can be claimed to be the undisputed winner, we have found that the SR-tree presents the best overall results.
Glial and Neuronal Glucocorticoid Receptor Immunoreactive Cell Populations in Developing, Adult, and Aging Brain a

A detailed mapping of glucocorticoid receptor (GR) immunoreactivity (IR) in rat CNS was performed employing a mouse monoclonal antibody against rat liver GR. Subjective comparisons were made between the present results and the available data in the literature. A semiquantitation of GR immunostaining was found necessary and was obtained by microdensitometric and morphometric techniques, which enabled the distinction of neuronal and glial cell populations containing GR IR in various CNS regions. GR IR in the CNS was mainly found in the nuclear compartment. The GR was present in neuronal populations with classical neurotransmitters, especially monoamines and glutamate and with various neuropeptides. The degree of colocalization varied according to the function of the brain area. Functional implications were made in relation to stress sensitivity, mood and nociception/antinociception. The global control of networks by glucocorticoids may allow an optimal integration of different types of circuits. The GR is found already in the fetal rat and the development of GR mRNA and receptor protein was followed during the pre- and postnatal periods. The GR appears to be a major factor in brain maturation and in modulation of stress responses. In aged Brown Norway rat brain GR IR but not mineralocorticoid receptor (MR) IR is reduced in the hippocampal nerve cells. The intensity of GR IR but not the number of nerve cells is altered, indicating a reduced activation of the GR in aging in this rat strain. Overall GR participates in neuronal plasticity from fetal and postnatal life to adult life and aging.
Exon/intron structure of the human ALL‐1 (MLL) gene involved in translocations to chromosomal region 11q23 and acute leukaemias

The acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (ALL)‐1 gene on human chromosome 11q23 is the site of many locally clustered chromosomal alterations associated with several types of acute leukaemias, including deletions, partial duplications and translocations. Structurally variant proteins derived from the altered gene presumably cause the malignant transformation of early haemopoietic progenitor cells. According to previously published reports, the gene consisted of at least 21 exons spread over approximately 100 kb. In this report a set of genomic fragments was isolated that represent a total of 35 exons (exons 3–37) encompassing > 95% of the protein‐coding region (except exons 1 and 2) and the 3′‐non‐translated region of the gene. The distances between these exons were determined and a detailed restriction map was produced. The majority of the exon/intron boundaries were sequenced and an intron‐phase analysis was performed. The results form the basis for a greater understanding of the translocations and other structural alterations of the gene that conserve the open reading frame and thus produce presumably oncogenic variants of the ALL‐1 protein.
Human and Ecological Risk Assessment: An International Journal

This study was performed to investigate the potential health risk of heavy metals (HMs) through consumption of market food crops (MFCs) in the Sialkot and Gujranwala districts, Pakistan. Both study areas are located in industrialized regions of the country, where atmospheric pollution is a problem and irrigation of food crops is mostly practiced on the use of wastewater/contaminated water. For the purpose of this study, MFCs samples were collected and assessed for HMs (Cr, Ni, Cd, Pb, Mn, Cu, Zn, and Fe) by using flame atomic absorption spectrophotometry. Concentration of HMs such as Pb and Cd exceeded the Food and Agriculture/World Health Organization’s recommended limits in all MFCs, while Cr in most of the vegetables of the Sialkot and Gujranwala districts also exceeded that limit. The health risk index was >1 in Triticum aestivum for Pb and Cd intake in the Sialkot district and only Pb in the Gujranwala district. Therefore, this study suggests pretreatment of wastewater and its utilization for lawns and green belts irrigation, rather than for food crops. This study also suggests a regular monitoring of HMs in the irrigation water, subsequent soil, air, and MFCs in order to prevent or reduce health hazards.
A novel central energy management system for smart grid integrated with renewable energy and electric vehicles

Smart Grid (SG) is envisioned to become one of the leading technologies of the modern era by imparting information, and communication technology to the traditional electric grid. The power, and energy sector faces challenges to meet the continuously increasing demand of power. However, this is constrained by the limited fuel resources, as well as the threats faced by the global climate. To maximize the utility of SG in the present scenario, it can be integrated with Distributed Energy Resources (DERs). DERs, which include Renewable Energy (RE) sources, and Electric Vehicles (EVs), provide an optimal solution to the power, and energy problems faced by the world today. This paper proposes a green energy system, consisting of DERs, a Central Energy Management System (CEMS), and a Seasonal Thermal Energy Storage (STES) system. The STES system employs waste heat, and solar thermal energy to provide a clean solution to heating, and cooling demands of the community. The CEMS monitors, and regulates the flow of electrical, and thermal energy in the proposed system. The CEMS proposed in this paper is based on fuzzy rough set theory. The prime objective of this scheme is to implement a real-time green energy management system in SG environment to make a balance between demand, and supply.
Allelic variation of the ACCase gene and response to ACCase-inhibiting herbicides in pinoxaden-resistant Lolium spp.

BACKGROUND The repeated use of acetyl-coenzyme A carboxylase (ACCase) inhibiting herbicides to control grass weeds has selected for resistance in Lolium spp. populations in Italy. The efficacy of pinoxaden, a recently marketed phenylpyrazoline herbicide, is of concern where resistance to ACCase inhibitors has already been ascertained. ACCase mutations associated with pinoxaden resistance were investigated, and the cross-resistance pattern to clodinafop, haloxyfop, sethoxydim, clethodim and pinoxaden was established on homo/heterozygous plants for four mutant ACCase alleles. RESULTS Seven different mutant ACCase alleles (1781-Leu, 1999-Leu, 2041-Asn, 2041-Val, 2078-Gly, 2088-Arg and 2096-Ala) and 13 combinations with two types of mutation were detected in the pinoxaden-resistant plants. The 1781-Leu allele appears to confer a dominant resistance to pinoxaden, clodinafop, haloxyfop, sethoxydim and clethodim at 60 g AI ha(-1) . The 2041-Asn and 2041-Val alleles are associated with dominant or partially dominant resistance to FOPs, no substantial resistance to DIMs and a moderate resistance to pinoxaden. The 2088-Arg allele endows a partially dominant resistance to clodinafop, sethoxydim and most likely to pinoxaden. In addition, non-target-site resistance mechanisms seem to be involved in pinoxaden resistance. CONCLUSION Almost all the ACCase mutations selected in the field by other ACCase inhibitors are likely to confer resistance to pinoxaden. Although pinoxaden is sometimes able to control FOP-resistant populations, it should not be considered as a sustainable ACCase resistance management tool. The presence of non-ACCase-based resistance mechanisms that could confer resistance to herbicides with different modes of action further complicates the resistance management strategies.
Early changes in water diffusion, perfusion, T1, and T2 during focal cerebral ischemia in the rat studied at 8.5 T

The time evolution of water diffusion, perfusion, T1, and T2 is investigated at high magnetic field (8.5 T) following permanent middle cerebral artery occlusion in the rat. Cerebral blood flow maps were obtained using arterial spin tagging. Although the quantitative perfusion measurements in ischemic tissue still pose difficulties, the combined perfusion and diffusion data nevertheless distinguish between a “moderately affected area,” with reduced perfusion but normal diffusion; and a “severely affected area,” in which both perfusion and diffusion are significantly reduced. Two novel magnetic resonance imaging observations are reported, namely, a decrease in T2 and an increase in T1, both within the first few minutes of ischemia. The rapid initial decrease in T2 is believed to be associated with an increase in deoxyhemoglobin levels, while the initial increase in T1 may be related to several factors, such as flow effects, an alteration in tissue oxygenation, and changes in water environment. Magn Reson Med 41:479–485, 1999. © 1999 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.