Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The reminiscence circumplex and autobiographical memory functions

This study investigated the potential of a circumplex model to represent the functions of both reminiscence and autobiographical memory. Participants from four pre-existing data bases (i.e., Culley, LaVoie, & Gfeller, 2001; Webster, 1997, 2002; Webster & McCall, 1999) were combined, resulting in a total of 985 participants ranging in age from 17 to 96 (M age = 36.63 years). A total of 392 men (39.8%) and 591 women (60.1%), with two persons not reporting their gender, completed the Reminiscence Functions Scale (RFS) as part of the original four studies. The eight RFS factors were submitted to second -order factor analysis resulting in two orthogonal dimensions (self versus social and reactive/loss-oriented versus proactive/growth-oriented) accounting for 79.57% of the variance. Further, multidimensional scaling indicated that the original eight factors could be arranged in a circular fashion such that more closely related (i.e., more highly correlated) factors were placed closer together while factors less highly related were placed further apart. Advantages of a circumplex perspective for future theory and model development are illustrated.
An overview of mercury concentrations in freshwater fish species: a national fish mercury dataset for Canada

Fish mercury (Hg) concentrations have been measured over the last 30–40 years in all regions of Canada as part of various monitoring and research programs. Despite this large amount of data, only regional assessments of fish Hg trends and patterns have previously been attempted. The objective of this study was to assemble available freshwater fish Hg concentration data from all provinces and territories and identify national patterns. The Canadian Fish Mercury Database includes over 330 000 records representing 104 species of freshwater fish collected from over 5000 locations across Canada between 1967 and 2010. Analysis of the 28 most frequently occurring species (>1000 records) showed that the majority of variation in Hg concentrations (when normalized to a standard size) was accounted for by geographic location. Median Hg concentrations increased with trophic level (r = 0.40, p < 0.05), with the highest Hg concentrations found in piscivorous species such as walleye (Sander vitreus), northern pike (Esox.
Effects of plant composition and diversity on nutrient cycling

We evaluated the effects of plant functional group richness on seasonal patterns of soil nitrogen and phosphorus cycling, using serpentine grassland in south San Jose, California. We established experimental plots with four functional types of plants: early-season annual forbs (E), late-season annual forbs (L), nitrogen-fixers (N), and perennial bunchgrasses (P). These groups differ in several traits relevant to nutrient cycling, including phenology, rooting depth, root:shoot ratio, size, and leaf C:N content. Two or three species of each group were planted in single functional group (SFG) treatments, and in two-, three-, and four-way combinations of functional groups. We analyzed available nutrient pool sizes, microbial biomass nitrogen and phosphorus, microbial nitrogen immobilization, nitrification rates, and leaching losses. We used an index of “relative resource use” that incorporates the effects of plants on pool sizes of several depletable soil resources: inorganic nitrogen in all seasons, availabl.
Potentials of nutritional factors on production of cellulose enzyme by post-harvest fungal pathogens on sapodilla fruit.

Present paper describes the cellulase activity of post-harvest pathogenic fungi on Sapodilla (Achras sapota L.) fruit. Dominant three fungi viz. Aspergillus niger, Geotrichum candidum and Rhizoctonia solani were isolated and selected for this investigation. It was studied by using different nutritional sources like carbon, nitrogen, phosphorus, sulphur, antibiotic and vitamins. Carbon sources, starch and CMC (Carboxy methyl cellulose) inhibited the growth of fungi while Fructose, Sucrose, Maltose were induced the production of cellulase enzyme in all test fungi. In nitrogen sources, Sodium nitrate inhibited the production of cellulase enzyme activity whereas Sodium nitrite, Ammonium phosphate, Urea, Peptone stimulated the production of cellulase enzyme. Among Phosphorus, Amonium biphosphate and Sodium dihydrogen phosphate proved inhibitory whereas Disodium hydrogen phosphate and Potassium Hydrogen phosphate stimulated the enzyme production in all tested fungi. In case of sulphur, Ferrous sulphate is reduced the growth of cellulose production whereas Calcium sulphate is stimulatory. Among vitamins, Folic acid is inhibitory while thiamin and pyridoxine was stimulatory. In Amino acids, Argenine is reduced the enzyme production while aspartic acid is favorable. Among five tested antibiotics, all antibiotics are found favourable for the production of cellulose enzyme except ampicilin that reduced the production of enzyme.
Integrating family planning service provision into community-based marine conservation

Abstract Human population growth is one of the primary drivers of biodiversity loss. Throughout much of the developing world growth of human populations is occurring in part as a result of a lack of access to sexual and reproductive health services, and this is having profoundly negative impacts on biodiversity and natural resource-dependent livelihoods. We present experiences of the incorporation of sexual and reproductive health services within a pre-existing community-based marine conservation initiative in Madagascar as part of an integrated population, health and environment (PHE) programme. Our results demonstrate the considerable demand for, and lack of social barriers to, the introduction of sexual and reproductive health services in this region. These findings emphasize the mutually beneficial synergies, supporting both public health and conservation objectives, which can be created by integrating sexual and reproductive health services into more conventional biodiversity conservation activities. This PHE approach demonstrates the inextricable link between reproductive health and resource use by providing practical, immediate and lasting benefits to public health, gender equity, food security and biodiversity conservation.
Some Anatomical and Physiological Differences in Chorda Filum from Coastal Waters of Finland and Great Britain

A comparative study of Chorda filum populations from the British Isles (S 34‰) and the Baltic coast of Finland (S 6‰) has revealed differences in response by live adult thalli to treatment for 2 h with sea water of different salinities. Water uptake and loss by thalli differed significantly in salinities of х o‚ х 1/6, х ⅓ and х 1 ( = 34‰). British material showed severe cell disruption in freshwater whereas Finnish material did not. Killed thalli also behaved differently, British material showing little response to salinity treatment but Finnish plants continuing to react much as live tissues. Anatomical differences between populations were also observed, cortical cells in Finnish plants being significantly smaller than their British counterparts. Diaphragms traversing lumens of British material were simple, entire structures, but those in Finnish plants were deeply dissected and complex in organization. It is postulated that Baltic Chorda may have undergone a process of evolutionary divergence in response to its changed saline environment. INTRODUCTION Chorda filum (L.) Stackh. is one of several species of north Atlantic Phaeophyceae to be found in the inner Baltic Sea and Gulf of Bothnia; its geographical limit being associated with sea water salinity of approximately 4‰, (Waern, 1952; Hällfors et al. 1981). This species has been studied by Norton & South (1969) and South (1966) who traced the development of gametophytes and early sporophytes in culture media of different salinites. Although their cultures had been established from British material only, they felt able to argue from their results that the Baltic population did not constitute ‘… a different physiological strain specially adapted to the extreme environmental conditions prevailing there’.
Control of ciliary orientation in ciliated sheets from Paramecium–differential distribution of sensitivity to cyclic nucleotides

Ciliated sheets of cell cortex were prepared from Triton-glycerol-extracted Paramecium to observe directly the change of ciliary orientation. The observation of the ciliary responses revealed the modes of ciliary control by Ca2+ and cyclic nucleotides. The cilia changed their pointing direction clockwise from 11–12 to 5 o'clock (with the anterior of the cell defined as 12 o'clock) in the horizontal plane of cell surface when Ca2+ concentration was decreased from 10−6 M to 10−7 M. Cyclic AMP competed with Ca2+ ion in determining the orientation of the cilia. On the other hand, cGMP tended to change the ciliary orientation toward 3 o'clock. Ciliary sensitivity to cyclic nucleotides depended on their location on the cell surface. The cilia on the left-hand field of the cell were more sensitive to cyclic nucleotide than those on the right-hand field. The differential distribution of ciliary sensitivity within a single cell seems to be functional in the sophisticated turning mechanism in the behavioral response of Paramecium.
An index 0 differential-algebraic equation formulation for multibody dynamics: Nonholonomic constraints

ABSTRACT A method is presented for formulating and numerically integrating index 0 differential-algebraic equations of motion for multibody systems with holonomic and nonholonomic constraints. Tangent space coordinates are defined in configuration and velocity spaces as independent generalized coordinates that serve as state variables in the formulation. Orthogonal dependent coordinates and velocities are used to enforce position, velocity, and acceleration constraints to within specified error tolerances. Explicit and implicit numerical integration algorithms are presented and used in solution of three examples: one planar and two spatial. Numerical results verify that accurate results are obtained, satisfying all three forms of kinematic constraint to within error tolerances embedded in the formulation.
Composition and toxicity of Chinese Dracocephalum moldavica (Labiatae) essential oil against two grain storage insects

Essential oil of Dracocephalum moldavica flowering aerial parts was extracted via hydrodistillation. A total of 38 components of the essential oil were identified. 1, 8-Cineol (31.25%) and 4-terpineol (22.82%) were the two main components of the essential oil followed by cumin alcohol (4.29%) and α-terpineol (4.21%). The essential oil exhibited strong fumigant toxicity against Sitophilus zeamais and Tribolium castaneum adults with LC 50 values of 2.65 and 0.88 mg/L, respectively. The essential oil also showed contact toxicity against S. zeamais and T. castaneum adults with LD 50 values of 22.10 and 18.28 μg/adult, respectively. The essential oil of D. moldavica may have the potential to be developed as a new natural fumigant/insecticide for the control stored product insects.
Prevalence of Candida species in the oral cavity of patients with periodentitis

During the past two decades, there has been a significant increase in the prevalence of fungal infections caused by Candida species. Oral candidiasis is a common opportunistic infection of the oral cavity caused by yeast fungi of the genus Candida on the mucous membranes of the mouth. To isolate and determine the incidence rate of oral Candida species in periodentitis and gingivitis patients referred to school of dentistry, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran, this study was carried out in 172 patients with periodentitis and gingivitis aged 11 to 72 years. Swabs samples were taken from salivary secretion, the palate mucosa and dentine carious lesions and were cultured directly on Sabouraud dextrose agar medium. Isolated yeasts were identified by CHROMagar Candida , germ tube test and Clamidoconidia formation (corn meal agar plus Tween 80 medium). Results showed the prevalence of Candida albicans (n = 120, 75%), Candida glabrata (n = 20, 12.5%), Cadida tropicalis (n = 10, 6.5%), Candida dubliniensis (n = 6, 4.0%) and Cadida krusei (n = 3, 2.0%). In this investigation, germ tube-test and chlamydospore formation were positive in the isolates that produced dark-green colonies and were considered as C. dubliniensis and light-green colonies were identified as C. albicans. CHROMagar Candida is a satisfactory isolation medium for oral and dental specimens. It is a satisfactory method for correct and rapid identification of common yeast species and easy recognition of mixed cultures in clinical samples. Key words: Periodentitis, gingivitis, oral candidiasis, CHROMagar.
Spatial distribution of crustaceans associated with shallow soft‐bottom habitats in a coral reef lagoon

The ecology and diversity of the shallow soft-bottom areas adjacent to coral reefs are still poorly known. To date, the few studies conducted in these habitats dealing with macroinvertebrate fauna have focused on their abundance spatial patterns at high taxonomic levels. Thus, some aspects important to evaluate the importance and vulnerability of these habitats, such as species diversity or the degree of habitat specialization, have often been overlooked. In this study we compared the crustacean assemblages present in four different habitats at Magoodhoo Island coral reef lagoon (Maldives): coral rubble, sandy areas and two different seagrass species (Thalassia hemprichii and Cymodocea sp.). Forty-two different crustacean species belonging to 30 families and four orders were found. ‘Site’ was a significant factor in all of the statistical analyses, indicating that tropical soft-bottom habitats can be highly heterogeneous, even at a spatial scale between tens and hundreds of meters. Although traditionally it has been considered that seagrass beds host greater species diversity and abundance of organisms than adjacent unvegetated habitats, no differences in the univariate measures of fauna (abundance of organisms, number of species and Shannon diversity) were observed among habitats. However, sandy areas, coral rubble and seagrass beds exhibited different species composition of crustacean communities. The percentage of taxa considered as potential habitat specialists was 27% and the number of species exclusively occurring in one habitat was especially high in seagrass beds. Thus, degradation of this vegetated habitat would result in a great loss of biodiversity in tropical shallow soft-bottom habitats.
Tidal Wetlands Primer: An Introduction to their Ecology, Natural History, Status, and Conservation

My interest in wetlands began in 1993 when, as a new graduate student, I visited a tidal marsh on the Quinnipiac River in Connecticut during an ecology field trip. The marsh was behind a massive new Home Depot development, and we had to navigate dumpsters, trash, and a tangle of greenbrier along the narrow path to reach the marsh edge. Once we emerged, there was a beautiful (albeit polluted) tidal cattail marsh inhabited by a thriving colony of muskrat. The muskrat made their dens from the cattail and relied on its starchy rhizomes for food, but the wetland was being taken over by an invasive plant: the introduced common reed Phragmites australis. As my professor described it, the cattail would soon be displaced by the Phragmites, and the muskrat would be homeless. I was outraged and decided then and there to study tidal wetlands so that I could protect them from disturbances and plant invasions. I had lived in New York City until entering graduate school, so my experience with wetland ecosystems was fairly limited. Therefore, I turned to Ralph W. Tiner’s A Field Guide to Coastal Wetland Plants of the Northeastern United States (1987) and dove in to marsh ecosystems. Today when I flipped through my copy of this great field guide, bits of dried collected plants fell out—reminding me of those early days. However, looking back, I would have benefitted greatly from a more comprehensive volume on tidal wetland ecosystems, particularly an accessible guide that compared the different tidal wetland types in ecological and regional contexts and walked me through the basics of wetland classification, the importance of tidal ranges, the role of salinity in community development, and the function and value of wetlands. More than 20 years later, Ralph W. Tiner has published the volume I needed back then, an excellent new book titled Tidal Wetlands Primer: An Introduction to Their Ecology, Natural History, Status and Conservation. This primer should be on the bookshelf of every wetland and restoration ecologist, practitioner, graduate student, and naturalist interested in learning more about tidal wetlands. This new book complements Tiner’s updated Field RHODORA, Vol. 116, No. 968, pp. 502–504, 2014 E Copyright 2014 by the New England Botanical Club
A Fault Detection and Localization of An Helicopter Execution Element

– Before a system can attempt to deal with a fault, one must first make an assessment of its location. Increasing of an exception indicates the presence of a fault, and in many systems no further information is available to assist fault location. In this case, automatic repair of the system will only be possible if the exception provides an accurate guide to the location of the fault. Like an example a fuzzy FDI system for an execution element of a helicopter is illustrated.
Selective Ability of Mouse CD1 to Present Glycolipids: α-Galactosylceramide Specifically Stimulates Vα14+ NK T Lymphocytes

Mouse CD1 (mCD1) glycoproteins are known to present peptides, while human CD1 molecules present glycolipids. In mice, mCD1-autoreactive NK T cells play critical roles in various immune responses, through the secretion of high amounts of cytokines. This study was initiated to determine whether glycolipids are involved in the autorecognition of mCD1 by NK T cells. α-Galactosylceramide (α-GalCer) was the only glycolipid tested capable of eliciting an mCD1-restricted response by splenic T cells. Moreover, splenic T cells derived from mCD1-deficient mice were not stimulated by α-GalCer, suggesting that the responsive T cells are selected by mCD1. Using cytoflow techniques, we confirmed that, in response to α-GalCer, IFN-γ-secreting cells displayed an NK T cell phenotype. The predominance of IFN-γ vs IL-4, however, is determined by the type of mCD1+ APC, suggesting the potential for APC regulation of cytokine production by NK T cells. Among a panel of 10 mCD1-autoreactive T cell hybridomas, only the ones that express the typical Vα14Jα281 TCR rearrangement of NK T cells responded to α-GalCer. Fixation or treatment of mCD1+ APCs with an inhibitor of endosomal acidification and the use of mCD1 mutants unable to traffic through endosome still allowed α-GalCer to stimulate NK T cells. Thus, endosomal trafficking and Ag processing are not required for glycolipid recognition. In summary, α-GalCer might be the autologous ligand, or a mimic of a glycolipid ligand, involved in the mCD1-mediated stimulation of NK T cells.
Proteinase-Activated Receptor-2 Mediates Itch: A Novel Pathway for Pruritus in Human Skin

We examined whether neuronal proteinase-activated receptor-2 (PAR-2) may be involved in pruritus of human skin. The endogenous PAR-2 agonist tryptase was increased up to fourfold in atopic dermatitis (AD) patients. PAR-2 was markedly enhanced on primary afferent nerve fibers in skin biopsies of AD patients. Intracutaneous injection of endogenous PAR-2 agonists provoked enhanced and prolonged itch when applied intralesionally. Moreover, itch upon mast cell degranulation was abolished by local antihistamines in controls but prevailed in AD patients. Thus, we identified enhanced PAR-2 signaling as a new link between inflammatory and sensory phenomena in AD patients. PAR-2 therefore represents a promising therapeutic target for the treatment of cutaneous neurogenic inflammation and pruritus.
Morpho-phenological diversity among Tunisian natural populations of Brachypodium hybridum

SUMMARY Brachypodium hybridum belongs to the Poaceae grass subfamily. It has a close genetic relationship with temperate cereal crops, which means that it can be used as a model for temperate cereal and grass crops. In order to improve knowledge on the genetic diversity of this species, 145 lines of B. hybridum representative of nine populations and all the ecoregions of Tunisia were characterized on the basis of 18 morpho-phenologic features. The results show a considerable variation between populations and ecoregions in all traits studied. Variation was relatively higher for reproductive than vegetative traits. The majority of traits showed very low to high heritability with low border value for average length of spikelet (ALS) and an average value of 0·64. It is noticeable that high values of heritability were observed for most vegetative descriptors, with low values for reproductive ones. Differentiation between populations (QST) varied from 0·02 for ALS to 0·78 for average length of leaves with a mean value across traits of 0·4, which confirms the wide intra-population variation in Tunisian natural population of B. hybridum. Pairwise QST showed that the greatest differentiation among populations was registered between Ain Drahem and Jbel Zaghouan and the smallest between Haouria and Raoued. Overall, the Ain Draham population showed the largest differentiation from the rest of the populations. To infer the effect of geographic distribution of the species, a Mantel test was applied between observed pairwise differentiation and geographic distance between populations and between ecoregions: the results show a positive, but not significant, relationship. In addition a significant negative relationship was found between phenotypic diversity and altitude, indicating that genetic diversity decreased with increasing altitude. Taken together, the high levels of intra-population variation and the lack of correlation between genetic differentiation and geographic distribution suggest a potentially important rate of long-distance seed dispersal and confirm the role played by natural selection in the population structure of Tunisian natural populations of B. hybridum.
Case report of common variable immunodeficiency with functional T‐helper defect and reduced CD4+ LAM−1 T cells

A 10 year‐old boy presenting with an empyema and a previous medical history of recurrent and disseminated infections was investigated immunologically. The serum immunoelectrophoresis showed hypogammaglobulinaemia. The in vitro lymphocyte proliferation to T‐cell mitogens (PHA and Con A) was diminished and the response to a T‐dependent B cell mitogen (PWM) was severely diminished. Phenotypic analysis of his lymphocytes with monoclonal antibodies revealed normal CD3+, CD4+ and CD8+ cells with a normal CD4: CD8 ratio. Double immunofluorescence with Leu 8 antibody revealed a selective deficiency of the CD4+ LAM 1− subset. Co‐culture experiments between patient's B cells and supernatants from normal T cells showed that the patient's B cells could secrete Ig in vitro. We suggest that the Leu 8 monoclonal antibody may be useful in defining abnormalities in the regulatory subsets of T lymphocytes and that these abnormalities may be relevant in the pathogenesis of common variable immunodeficiency.