Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
USO DEL M-LEARNING EN LA ENSEÑANZA DE LA HISTORIA LOCAL DE SANTA CLARA

Resumen La transformacion digital esta repercutido en los sistemas de educacion; en los ultimos anos han surgido diferentes dispositivos informaticos y se ha implementado disimiles softwares enriqueciendo los procesos de ensenanza y brindando un mayor acceso a la informacion. La alta penetracion de la tecnologia movil y las caracteristicas socio-economicas y culturales existentes en Cuba han propiciado que se empiece analizar alternativas M-Learning. Sin embargo, la carencia de recursos tecnologicos y el poco acceso de la Internet en las aulas son algunos de los desafios que enfrenta su implementacion en el escenario cubano. Por lo que un problema cientifico que tiene hoy este tema es proponer estrategias M-Learning acorde en los procesos de ensenanza en Cuba. El presente trabajo evalua una estrategia M-Learning para la capacitacion de promotores culturales e instructores de arte relacionado en la tematica de la historia local de Santa Clara. Para su implementacion se desarrollaron tres aplicaciones moviles las cuales fueron utilizadas como medio de ensenanza en el Centro Provincial de Superacion para la Cultura de Villa Clara. Los metodos pedagogicos aplicados se basan en una combinacion de las tecnicas BYOD y Flipped classroom. Se describen las caracteristicas del software disenado y de las actividades educativas realizadas. Finalmente, se analizan los resultados del estudio de usabilidad de los softwares desarrollados y su impacto en el proceso de ensenanza. Los resultados demuestran que la estrategia M-Learning propuesta es factible para la capacitacion de promotores culturales e instructores de artes.
A simple robust control for simulated moving bed chromatographic separation

Abstract Simulated moving bed (SMB) is a continuous chromatographic process used for the separation of chemical mixtures. This paper presents an almost plug-and-play control strategy, which requires little prior knowledge about the adsorption properties. A discrete-time nonlinear model derived from the wave theory is the basis to control the position of the adsorption and desorption fronts. The front velocities are estimated on-line enabling the compensation of initial parameter discrepancies, and drift due to adsorbent aging or temperature fluctuation. The overall performance of the control strategy is evaluated using numerical simulation for two case studies relative to the separation of fructo-oligosaccharides and cyclopentanone – cycloheptanone, respectively.
ESTRATEGIAS DE URBANIZACIONES COSTERAS DE LOCALIDADES BALNEARIAS, ARGENTINA

: Coastal cities have particular spatial urbanization trends conditioned by the dominant activities, meaning tourism, fishing or commerce. Notwithstanding that, there are other issues or restrictions that also conditioned the growing pattern of these villages or cities that can change during their development. In this sense, monocentric patterns (harbor cities) may evolve into a radial model related to main accessing routes. Touristic cities emplaced on barrier systems extended alongshore while their service areas installed at opposite directions where lots are cheaper. Some coastal villages grew exponentially in the last century in Argentina although they had original restrictions in the freshwater availability. Today, they are also conditioned to the recreational qualities of their beaches, or the disposal availability of residential sewages.
Charge recombination in contact ion pairs

A theoretical explanation of the recently observed non-Marcus free energy gap dependence of the charge recombination rate in contact ion pairs is presented. The electron transfer event is described as a nonadiabatic depopulation of the initially excited adiabatic state. This model explains the absence of the normal region. Quantitative predictions based on the perturbation theory in the nonadiabatic interaction show good agreement with experimental results.
Corporate Board Committees and Corporate Outcomes: An International Systematic Literature Review and Agenda for Future Research

This paper comprehensively reviews the current body of international accounting literature regarding advisory/monitoring committees and corporate outcomes. Specifically, it synthesizes, appraises, and extends current knowledge on the (a) theoretical (i.e., economic, accounting/corporate governance, sociological and socio-psychological) perspectives and (b) empirical evidence of the observable and less visible attributes at both the individual and committee levels and their link with a wide range (financial/non-financial) of corporate outcomes. Using the systematic literature review method, 304 articles from 59 journals in the fields of accounting and finance that were published between January 1992 and December 2018 are reviewed. The main findings are as follows. First and theoretically, agency theory is the most dominant applied theory/studies with no application of theory at all (descriptive), while the application of integrated theoretical frameworks is lacking in the reviewed articles. Secondly, the existing empirical evidence focusses excessively on (a) monitoring instead of advisory committees and (b) observable rather than less visible committee attributes. Thirdly, scarcity of cross-country studies along with methodological limitations relating to measurement inconsistencies, insufficiency of variables, and dominance of quantitative studies, among others, are identified. Finally, promising future research avenues are outlined.
Gated molecular devices using self-assembled monolayers

A new method of fabricating small metal–molecule–metal junctions is developed, approaching the single-molecule limit. The conductance of different conjugated molecules in a broad temperature, source–drain and gate voltage regime is reported. At low temperature, all investigated molecules display sharp conductance steps periodic in source–drain voltage. The positions of these steps can be controlled by a gate potential. The spacing corresponds to the energy of the lowest molecular vibrations. These results show that the low bias conductance of molecules is dominated by resonant tunnelling through coupled electronic and vibration levels.
Kinetic analysis of free-radical reactions in the low-temperature autoxidation of triglycerides

The kinetics of the low-temperature autoxidation of triglycerides has been investigated by electron spin resonance spectroscopy. After initial radical production, four reaction stages are found in the overall autoxidation of unsaturated lipids: (1) formation of peroxyl radicals by addition of molecular oxygen to the initial carbon radicals, (2) consumption of oxygen in the autoxidation cycle, (3) decay of the lipid peroxyl radical into allylic and pentadienyl radicals, and (4) recombination of the carbon-centered radicals. Peroxyl radical decay in saturated lipids follows second-order kinetics with an apparent activation energy of ca. 50 kJ/mol. The authors find that, for polyunsaturated lipids, even at quite low temperatures (120 K), the autoxidation process occurs readily and must be considered in the storage of biological samples.
Effect of Packaging Methods on the Quality Properties of Stick Type Restructured Jerky

재구성 스틱형 육포의 저장 중 안정성 및 저장성 확보를 위하여 육포의 포장 방법 및 저장기간에 따른 pH, 수분활성도, 지방산패도, 경도, 총균수 및 관능검사를 측정하여, 육포의 품질관리에 대한 기초자료를 제공하고자 육포를 제조하여 상온에서 90일간 저장하면서 시료를 분석하였다. pH는 저장기간이 경과함에 따라 감소하였으나 일반포장과 진공포장 사이에는 유의적인 차이가 없었다 수분활성도는 진공포장에서는 저장기간이 경과함에 따라 유의적인 차이가 없었으나 일반포장의 경우는 저장기간이 경과함에 따라 감소하는 경향을 나타내었다. 간장 육포의 TBA 수치는 저장 15일부터 포장방법에 따라 유의적인 차이를 나타내었고 고추장 육포는 저장 30일부터 유의적인 차이를 나타내었다. 경도는 모든 처리구에서 저장기간이 경과함에 따라 증가하였고, 진공포장이 일반포장에 비해 경도의 변화가 적었다. 총균수는 저장기간이 경과함에 따라 증가하였다가 감소하는 경향을 나타냈으며 저장 동안 진공포장을 한 육포가 일반포장에 비해서 총균수가 적게 나타났다. 관능검사 결과도 저장기간이 경과함에 따라 대체적으로 진공포장이 일반포장과 비교하여 높은 점수를 받았지만 유의적인 차이를 나타내지 않았다. 따라서 일반포장은 소량의 공기를 포함하기 때문에 지방산패에 의한 산패취가 발생할 우려가 있어서 식감이 떨어질 수 있으므로 육포의 저장 중 안전성을 확보하기 위해서는 진공포장으로 유통하는 것이 저장성 측면에서 우수할 것으로 사료된다. 【The effect of packaging methods on the quality of stick type restructured jerky was investigated in terms of pH, water activity $(A_w)$ , TBA (thiobarbituric acid) value, total bacterial counts, and sensory evaluation during storage at room temperature $(25^{\circ}C)$ for 90 days. The jerky was subjected to plastic or vacuum packaging at $(25^{\circ}C)$ . The pH decreased slightly as storage time increased (p】
Optical properties of magnesium fluoride thin films produced by argon ion-beam assisted deposition

Magnesium fluoride thin films were deposited on silica glass and single crystal silicon substrates by argon ion-beam assisted deposition (IBAD). The effects of argon ions impinging on the growing film on the optical and chemical properties of the single layers were investigated. Compared to MgF2 films produced by direct electron-beam evaporation, the films obtained by IBAD exhibited increased optical absorption and refractive indices, fluorine depletion and increased oxygen contamination. Optical data were analyzed and are discussed with regard to the chemical composition of the films.
Second‐order terminal sliding mode control based on perturbation estimation for nanopositioning stage

This study proposes a robust second-order terminal sliding mode control with perturbation estimation (2OTSMCPE) strategy with application to trajectory tracking control of the flexure-based nanopositioning system. The proposed controller advantages not only lie on its finite-time convergence but also can provide a high tracking precision with a chattering alleviation which is attend by employing a second-order sliding surface with the switching function. The model of the piezo-driven nanopositioning system is presented first. Second, the sliding variable is designed such as proportional–integral–derivative form to enhance the dynamic response of the control system. Then, a non-singular terminal sliding function (NTSM) is used to achieve the finite-time convergence of the linear sliding variable. Next, a perturbation estimation technique is integrated with the control structure for online estimation of the system uncertainties, thus the prior knowledge of the bounds of system uncertainties are not needed in the proposed control design. Afterwards, the theoretical analysis of the 2OTSMCPE with stability proof is investigated herein. Finally, the system performance with the proposed controller is experimentally verified. The results reveal that the 2OTSMCPE has stronger robustness and also has smoother control signals in comparison with both conventional sliding mode control and the NTSM controller.
Analyzing Child Rape in Bangladesh: A Socio-Legal Perspective

Abstract Bangladesh is experiencing an epidemic of child rape. Discrimination based on patriarchal philosophies, inadequate rape laws, inadequate policies to address child rape, a conservative criminal justice system, and a conventional judicial environment has culminated in injustice for victims. Laws exist that require severe punishments; however, child rape has not been satisfactorily prevented. Societal norms, stigma, political pressure, money, power, and the critical process of the justice system make it extraordinarily difficult for victims to receive justice. This article describes the reasons why men rape children, including offenders’ psychological conditions and the advantages that men have over the weaker in the criminal justice system, enjoying impunity. While attempting to understand the reasons broadly, statistical data show that the reporting of such crimes has been increasing, but this does not genuinely represent the actual number of crimes committed. The article focuses on social phenomena associated with child rape culture and identifies reasons why crimes are not reported. An in-depth discussion of inappropriate laws for child rape and of the loopholes in these laws demonstrates the hardship that victims face in their fight for justice. Finally, social and legal recommendations for the prevention of child rape are highlighted.
Improvements of the physical properties of fibroin membranes with sodium alginate

The effects of sodium alginate on the physical properties of fibroin membranes, such as rupture elongation, rupture strength, water absorption, and thermal properties, were investigated. The experimental results showed the β-form crystal and β-form molecular conformation increased due to the increase of intermolecular hydrogen bonds, such as CO---HN and CO---HO. The kind of intermolecular interaction and β-form molecular conformation of polymer blends were clarified by 13C–NMR and infrared spectroscopy. The increase in β-form crystal was examined by X-ray analysis. Further, membranes were characterized by thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and by determining their water contents and tensile properties.
Scale Up Parameter for Surface Aeration Systems

Based on the scale up parameter, X (theoretical power per unit volume = F4/3 R1/3, where F is the impeller Froude number and R is the impeller Reynolds number), it is presented that the said parameter is useful in scaling up the micromixing time in surface aeration systems. Scale up equations correlating X with micromixing time have been presented for the geometrically similar circular surface aeration systems.
Mixture preparation strategies in an optical four-valve port-injected gasoline engine

Abstract The mixture formation in a single-cylinder, optical port-injected gasoline engine was investigated for both closed- and open-valve injection strategies with a combination of phase Doppler anemometry, laser-induced fluorescence and Mie scattering and correlated with combustion development and exhaust emissions. Detailed crank angle resolved data of the flow and mixture distribution during induction and compression have revealed the advantages of early open-valve injection, in terms of extending the lean limit and maintaining satisfactory engine performance and HC/NOx emissions, achieved through charge stratification in the vicinity of the spark plug at the time of ignition.
Oxidative polymerization of dissolved phenols by soluble and insoluble inorganic species1

Transition metal oxides (MnO2, ZnO, CuO) and cations (Mn2+, Fe3+) promoted the polymerization of dissolved catechol (1,2-dihydroxybenzene) and other catechol and pyrogallol derivatives. The manganese species were the most efficient. Colored polymers were formed from catechol much more rapidly in stream waters than in deionized water buffered to the same pH. Addition of sediments or clays increased polymerization; addition of EDTA or lowering the pH reduced it. Ultrafiltration or autoclaving of the stream water samples had no significant effect. The mechanism appears to incorporate an activation of dissolved O2 to a more reactive species, probably •OH.
Gaseous Sulfuric Acid and Sulfur Dioxide Measurements in the Arctic Troposphere and Lower Stratosphere: Implications for Hydroxyl Radical Abundances

Measurements of gaseous sulfuric acid and sulfur dioxide were made in the winter arctic troposphere and lower stratosphere, using aircraft-borne mass spectrometers. The measurements, covering altitudes between 3.5 and 11.4 km, took place on 14 and 18 February, 1987 in Northern Scandinavia. Our mean measured H2SO4-concentrations are around 1.0–3.0 · 105 cm−3 and the measured SO2-volume mixing ratios are around 50–400 pptV in the troposphere and decrease steeply above the tropopause to about 10 pptV. The combined H2SO4- and SO2-measurements offer an interesting opportunity to infer hydroxyl radical concentrations. Inferred OH-concentrations are around 0.1–1.0 · 105 cm−3, roughly consistent with model predictions.
Spectroscopic analysis of phase constitution of high quality VO2 thin film prepared by facile sol-gel method

VO2 thin films with large-area were prepared on Al2O3 substrates by a simple sol-gel method. After an annealing treatment under low vacuum condition, all the VO2 films showed a preferred growth direction and exhibited excellent semiconductor-metal transition (SMT) characteristics. The structure and electrical properties of the obtained VO2 films were investigated systematically. Raman spectra, X-ray diffraction and X-ray absorption spectra measurements pointed out that the VO2 film on Al2O3(101¯0) substrate showed a M1 phase instead of M2 phase as reported in previous studies. Based on the experiment results, it was suggested that the strained structure of oriented VO2 films could be a mechanism for the formation of the intermediate M2 phase, whereas it is difficult to access the pure M2 phase of undoped VO2 films. VO2 film on Al2O3101¯0 substrate showed a lower SMT temperature compared to VO2 film on Al2O3 (0001), which can be mostly attributed to the differences of both lattice mismatch and thermal stre.
Drug-Induced Changes in the Release of 3H-Monoamines from Field Stimulated Rat Brain Slices

Rat cerebral cortex slices preincubated with 3H-noradrenaline (NA) or 3H-5-hydroxy-tryptamine (5-HT) and neostriatal slices preincubated with 3H-dopamine (DA) were stimulated by an electrical field and the overflow of radioactivity determined. The effect of drugs on overflow and release from central NA, DA and 5-HT nerve terminals was studied. Inhibition of monoamine uptake with desipramine, cocaine or chlorimipramine increases the stimulation-induced overflow and the results indicate that at least 35 % of the released monoamines may be taken up again into the monoamine nerve terminals. Activation of NA, DA and 5-HT receptors with clonidine, apomorphine and LSD-25 respectively seems to decrease transmitter release. Blockade of NA and DA receptors with neuroleptic drugs increases the stimulation-induced overflow, probably due to an increased release from the NA and DA nerve terminals. It is known that drugs used in the present investigation have a nerve impulse dependent influence on the rate of synthesis and turnover of monoamines in the central nervous system, which is generally considered to be secondary to changes in nerve impulse frequency via a nervous feed-back mechanism. However, it seems probable from the present results that the turnover changes found in vivo after these drugs may at least partly also be due to a local effect at the central monoamine synapse, possibly via a negative feed-back mechanism.
Estimation of phosphorus uptake capacity by different zones of the primary root of soil-grown maize (Zea mays L.)

A method is described which allows determination of the nutrient uptake capacity by different zones of individual roots of soil-grown plants. Examples are given for phosphorus uptake by different zones of the primary root of maize. Agar strips with labelled phosphorus (32P) are placed on the soil-root interface of root zones of different age. After 24 h autoradiographs are made of the soil-root interface and phosphorus uptake rates determined by plant analysis. Along the primary root the relative phosphorus uptake capacity declines per unit root length from 100% in 1 day old root zones to about 25–30% in 26 day old root zones. The change in the extension of the phosphorus (32P) depletion zone along the root axis indicates that the uptake capacity for phosphorus of root hairs was maximal upto 4 days and declined thereafter. The decline in capacity for phosphorus uptake from apical to basal root zones probably reflects the decline in root hair viability. The relative high uptake capacity in basal root zones is therefore at least partially due to the uptake capacity of the cortical cells. Bestimmung der Aufnahmekapazitat fur Phosphat aus dem Boden von verschieden alten Zonen der Primarwurzel von Mais Eine Methode zur Bestimmung der Aufnahmekapazitat einzelner Wurzelzonen fur Nahrstoffe aus dem Boden wird vorgestellt. Es werden Beispiele gegeben fur die Aufnahmerate von Phosphat von unterschiedlich alten Zonen der Primarwurzel von Mais. Dafur werden Agarstreifen mit markiertem (32P) Phosphat auf die Grenzzone Boden/Wurzel (Rhizosphare) gelegt, nach 24 h Autoradiogramme der Grenzzone Boden/Wurzel hergestellt und die Pflanzen radiochemisch analysiert. Entlang der Primarwurzel von Mais nahm die Kapazitat zur Phosphataufnahme je Einheit Wurzellange von relativ 100 in 1 Tag alten Zonen auf relativ 25–30 in 26 Tage alten Wurzelzonen ab. Aus der Ausdehnung der Verarmungszone an Phosphat (32P) um die Wurzeln (Autoradiogramme) konnen Ruckschlusse auf die Kapazitat zur Phosphataufnahme unterschiedlich alter Wurzelhaare gezogen werden: Die Aufnahmerate ist bis zu 4 Tagen hoch, fallt danach aber stark ab. Das Absinken der Kapazitat zur Phosphataufnahme entlang der Primarwurzel von apikalen zu basalen Wurzelzonen spiegelt vermutlich im wesentlichen die Abnahme der Lebensfahigkeit der Wurzelhaare wieder. Dagegen bleibt die Kapazitat der Rindenzellen zur Phosphataufnahme bei Mais auch in alteren Zonen der Primarwurzel und der Seitenwurzeln auf einem relativ hohen Niveau erhalten.
Template-Free, Surfactantless Route to Fabricate In(OH)3 Monocrystalline Nanoarchitectures and Their Conversion to In2O3

In this work, a one-dimensional microrod-based three-dimensional flowerlike indium hydroxide (In(OH)3) structure was fabricated, without any templates or surfactants, using a well-known hydrothermal approach at a non-high temperature. In2O3 with similar morphology was formed by annealing In(OH)3 precursors and was characterized by Raman spectrum and photoluminescence (PL) spectrum in detail. The properties of the obtained In(OH)3 composites were characterized by X-ray diffraction, field emission scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, selected area electron diffraction, and thermogravimetric analysis. The effects of the experimental parameters such as the alkaline source selection, the concentration of urea, and the temperature on the morphology are discussed. These results indicate that the aligned superstructure originated from the oriented attachment of small particles.
Histopathological and some biochemical effects of platinum drug on the liver and kidney of pregnant mice Mus musculus and their embryos

Article history: Received March 12, 2020 Accepted April 28, 2020 Available online February 22, 2021 The current study was done to investigate the effects of two doses 3and 6 mg/kg B.w. of the Platinum drug on the structure of the liver and kidney of pregnant mice, and embryos in addition to the weight of the mothers, embryos, maternal liver and kidneys, as well as some biochemical parameters, were established. For this study, thirty pregnant mice were used, divided into three groups (10 mice/group) as follows; group I (control group); animals were injected intraperitoneally (IP) with distilled water on the days 7th, 12th, and 17th of gestation. The other both groups II, and III were injected intraperitoneally (IP) with the selected doses above of the Platinum at the days 7th, 12th, and 17th of gestation, respectively. Microscopically, maternal and fetal' liver sections of group II revealed vacuolation, swelling, apoptosis, infiltration of inflammatory cells, congestion, degeneration, and presence of the extramedullary hematopoietic cells, respectively. Previous lesions were increased in group III. Maternal and, fetal kidney sections of group II revealed degeneration, expansion of Bowman's space, inflammatory cells infiltration into interstitial tissue, and blood capillaries congestion. However, the previous lesions showed more severity in group III. The drug caused a reduction in the body weight of the mothers, selected organs, and embryos. Biochemical assessment of the maternal serum AST, ALT, and ALP levels showed an increase in both experimental groups II and III, but to varying degrees. Moreover, both groups II and III showed an increase in the levels of the maternal BUN and, urea. Whist, group III showed a significant increase of the creatinine compared to the control group. In conclusion, using anticancer drugs during pregnancy will harm both mothers and fetal organs. The risk of these medications represents their ability to cross the placenta and enters the fetal body. Therefore, the drug may affect the formation of the fetal organs. The drug also alters the regulatory antioxidant mechanism in the maternal body during the treatment duration. The drug should be used under medical follow up.