Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Accurate and Robust Walking Speed Estimation With Adaptive Regression Models for Wrist-Worn Devices

With the rise of interest in watch-type and wristband-type devices, wrist-worn devices have become a growing market in the field of wearable activity tracking devices. However, activity tracking with wrist-worn device is more challenging than the task with the other parts of the body, since upper limb movements are uncoupled from the action of walking and reveal irregular movements. This paper proposes a walking speed estimation method with data from a six-axis inertial measurement unit (IMU), which is commonly mounted in wrist-worn devices, and user’s height information. The proposed method provides accurate walking speed estimation results under different sensor-carrying modes and walking speeds. The estimation is based on sensor-carrying mode detection with the TreeBagger model, and on Gaussian process regression (GPR) models, which are adapted to seven predetermined sensor-carrying modes. The speed estimation is done by calculating a weighted sum of multiple GPR models with the probabilities from TreeBagger model. To evaluate the superiority of our method, we implement it on a hardware. An experimental evaluation is performed on 18 healthy subjects with a treadmill. The experimental results show that the proposed method outperforms existing studies and comparable commercial devices for all sensing conditions. The averaged error of the proposed method is about 5% for all sensing conditions, while others show error of more than 15% in different sensing conditions. The results show that proposed method provides better accuracy compared to existing studies in terms of estimating walking speed accurately under changing sensing conditions only with single IMU sensor.
Effects of acrylamide treatment on oxidant and antioxidant levels in rats.

The aim of this study was to investigate serum total antioxidant status (TAS), total oxidant status (TOS) and ischemia-modified albumin (IMA) levels in long term acrylamide (ACR) given rats, compared to control rats. In total, 25 male and 25 female Wistar rats were involved in this experiment. Animals in each sex were segregated into three groups. Two of them were treatment groups and one of them was control group. Each treatment group consisted of ten animals and each control group consisted of five animals. ACR was administered to the treatment groups at 2 and 5 mg/kg/day via drinking water for 90 days. In the end of the experiment, serum samples were analyzed for IMA, TAS, TOS and albumin levels with the spectrophotometric method. Serum IMA and adjusted IMA levels were significantly higher at concentrations of 2 mg/kg and 5 mg/kg in the male rats when compared with those of the control male rats. Serum TAS levels significantly decreased at concentrations of 5 mg/kg in the male rats when compared with those of the control rats. We also observed a significant increase in the levels of serum TOS at concentrations of 5 mg/kg in the male rats. There were no significant differences between serum IMA, TAS, TOS and albumin levels at concentrations of 2 mg/kg and 5 mg/kg in the female rats. Our findings show that long term treatment with 2 mg/kg and 5 mg/kg doses of ACR led to a significant depletion of serum TAS levels and overproduction of serum TOS and IMA levels, consequently, to an increase in oxidative stress.
Germ-Cell Determinants and Their Significance

INVTESTIGATIONS of the origin of the germ cells in a iummber of animals have brought forth certain plieiomlena whicll indicate that these cells are determined as such at a very early period in embryonic developlment, and that in some cases the material which apparently determines the germ cells is visible at this time. Conclusions can be drawn from. these observations which are of consider-able interest. The frequently repeated statement that the gernm cells are derived from the mesoderm or from. the entodernm is of course erroneous in those instances where the germn cells can 'be identified before the formation of the oerm layers, and it seems probable that the primal' cell differentiation, i. e. , the separation of the germn cells from the somatic cells, tales place at an early period in the embryonic development of even those animals where this lhas not been actually observed. A few of the most pronounced cases of the early differentiation of germ cells are briefly described in the following paragraphs and several general conclusions arrived at from this evidence. The best known example is Ascac"is, as described by)N
Antimicrobial Resistance Profiling of Coagulase-Negative Staphylococci in a Referral Center in South Italy: A Surveillance Study

For all the 828 clinical isolates, varying resistance rates were observed: ampicillin (87%), penicillin (86%), amoxicillin-clavulanate (71%), oxacillin (70%), erythromycin (69%), azithromycin (68%), levofloxacin (55%), ciprofloxacin (54%), gentamycin (47%), moxifloxacin (42%), trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (30%), clindamycin (28%), tetracycline (24%), rifampicin (20%), quinupristin-dalfopristin (synercid) (4%). No strains investigated demonstrated resistance to teicoplanin, vancomycin and linezolid.
Reposição Hormonal: vantagens e desvantagens

The deficiency of estrogens was considered by many people as a physiological condition and not pathological one probably because the ovarian inadequacy is genetically programmed. However with the increase of the expection of the women´s life, the negative impact of the deficiency of estrogens became more significant. Although this deficiency is easy to take care less than, 20% of the women post menopausicas receive estrogens. The therapy of hormonal replacement (THR) in the menopause it appeared as the mainly treatment form, to alleviate the symptoms and act as prevention, reducing the emergence of diseases, as the cardiovascular and the osteoporosis, but THR is not totally unproved of risks. The hormonal therapeutical has past the last years for doubts and uncertainties, in consequence of several related publications of its use, this way it becomes important to analyze the advantages and disadvantages of this therapy. Analyse througha wide bibliographical revision, the advantages and disadvantages of the TRH replacement in women climaterias, as well as evaluate if the possible risks of this therapy overcomes s the benefits proportionate for the same . It was used as methodology bibliographical researches made in libraries and internet. The texts of books and scientific articles were studied and the contents of them were selected for the elaboration of this work. The THR is recommended to alleviate the vasomotores symptoms , treatment of vaginal atrophy and prevention of osteoporosis. In spite of the acquaintances advantages, approximately 70% of the women interrupt the treatment after the first year. One of the principal causes of the low adherence of THR is the bleed irregular , other reasons includes mastalgia, nausea, chronic headache, profit of weight and hidrica retention, besides the fear of cancer. The decision of a woman to use the TRH is a complex process and it is recommended by the doctor, who is taking care of her by the individual risk of diseases, by the attitudes toward the menopause and THR, values menopausais, symptoms and to the middle to which the woman belongs.
The Disadvantaged Majority: Biology Education for Women and Minorities

Jane Butler Kahie is a professor in the Departments of Biological Sciences and Education, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907. She earned a B.A. at Wellesley College and M.S. and Ph.D. degrees at Purdue University. Dr. Kahle was elected Fellow, American Association for the Advancement of Science in 1981. She is a member of Sigma Xi, and has received several fellowships and honors, including a Senior Fulbright Lectureship to the Philippines in 1975 and a Science Teaching Achievement Recognition Award from the National Science Teachers Association in the same year. Dr. Kahle has served on many NSF and NIE projects and boards, including Project Synthesis, National Conference for Women and Minorities, and projects concerning instructional strategies for disadvantaged secondary school students. She has authored Teaching Science in the Secondary Schools (D. Van Nostrand, 1979), The Double Dilemma: Women and Minorities in Science Education (Purdue Research Foundation, 1982), and is co-editor (with Faith Hickman) of New 'Directions in Biology Teaching (NABT, 1982). Dr. Kahle is vice-President of NABT. What you learn in school is not a joking matter. It forms an invisible rnetwork of belief-interfaced by the networks of church and family and now the media-that may blind you or may free you to see. (Howe 1978)
The Configurational Impact of Digital Transformation on Sustainability: a Country-Level Perspective

This study focuses on the important national issue of sustainable development, and by incorporating the conditions for digital transformation reveals the necessary and sufficient relationships that lead to a high or low level of national sustainability. In order to deepen our knowledge of the prerequisites for the desirable outcome (i.e. higher levels of sustainability), we proposed a configurational model combining the available national data on digitalization dimensions. To empirically analyse related data for 134 countries, we used Fuzzy-set Qualitative Comparative Analysis and Necessary Condition Analysis. Our findings suggest multiple asymmetric configurations that justify the high and low levels of the Sustainability Global Index Score as well as the significance of digitalization for achieving sustainable development goals. The NCA and fsQCA solutions provide novel insights into varying sustainability levels across countries, and how 10 dimensions of digital transformation readiness contribute to this. The results also highlight the role of skills and business usage as core conditions for sustainability solutions. This research theoretically enhances our perception of asymmetric interactions between national digital transformation and sustainability and can serve a pragmatic role in steering sustainability strategies and national digital transformation.
An Energy-Aware High Performance Task Allocation Strategy in Heterogeneous Fog Computing Environments

Combining the Internet-of-Things (IoT) technology with cloud computing is a significant alternative for powering the utilization of computing resources in a connected environment. A grand challenge in communications is raised by the emergence of big data, due to the large-sized data transmissions and frequent data exchanges. Applying fog computing is considered an option for resolving the communication challenge. However, a high extent of available heterogeneous computing attached to fog computing servers leads to a restriction of the resource management. This Article addresses the resource management issue by proposing a novel approach - named Energy-aware Fog Resource Optimization (EFRO) model- to optimizing the utilization of connected devices in fog computing. We develop a heuristic algorithm minimizing both energy cost and time consumption in a holistic way. A salient feature of EFRO lies in the integration of the standardization and smart shift operations fueled by a hill-climbing mechanism to produce near-optimal resource allocation solutions. Experimental results demonstrate that our EFRO is adroit at making near-optimal decisions in managing resources in fog computing environments. In particular, EFRO boosts the energy efficiency of the existing MESF and RR schemes by 54.83 and 71.28 percent, respectively. EFRO shortens DECM’s allocation-generation time by up to a factor of 507.
Enzymatic Synthesis of Puerarin Glucosides Using Cyclodextrin Glucanotransferase with Enhanced Antiosteoporosis Activity

Puerarin (PU) is the most abundant isoflavone from the root of Pueraria lobata and exhibits a broad range of pharmacological activities. However, poor water solubility and low bioavailability limit its use. Enzymatic transglycosylation is emerging as a new strategy to improve the pharmacodynamic and pharmacokinetic properties of natural products for drug development. In this study, three PU glucosides (PU-G, PU-2G, and PU-3G) were synthesized by using a cyclodextrin glucanotransferase from Bacillus licheniformis with PU as the acceptor and α-cyclodextrin as the sugar donor. The transglycosylation products were isolated and structurally identified by mass spectrometry and nuclear magnetic resonance. The water solubilities of PU-G, PU-2G, and PU-3G were 15.6, 100.9, and 179.1 times higher than that of PU, respectively. Moreover, the antiosteoporosis activities of these glucosides were tested, and PU-G was found to show much more potent antiosteoporosis activity as compared to the original PU.
Conservation status and sustainable local use of crop and crop wild relative species in the Bistoon protected area / West of Iran

Abstract Collecting information about crop wild relatives (CWRs) as vital genetic resources for food security is the first stage of monitoring them. In this study, which was conducted in a protected area, we surveyed the conservation status of CWR sand, and the interaction between the condition of these plants and their local use. From 338 plant species in the area, 179 crop wild relatives in 38 families were identified. None of them is threatened, but some endemic rare or vulnerable plants such as Alkanna frigida Boiss. could cause some anxiety. Among these species 19 species of CWRs have edible usage in this area. Harvesting the crop wild relatives from nature by the local people is seen as a conservative factor although this is not usually true of other species.
Chromosome Studies in the Genus Carex, with Special Reference to Aneuploidy and Polyploidy

The chromosome configuration at the IMs of the intraspecific hybrid of Carex oxyandra (n=9)×(n=10), C. gibba (n=18)X×(n=17), and C. parciflora (n=19)×(n=22), is described. The pattern of the chromosome configuration at the first meiotic metaphases in the first two case, is characterised by the formation of a heteromorphic association of trivalent. The duplicated C chromosome in these hybrids is considered as a sort of extra chromosome. Similar karyological condition prevails in the Carex and its significance to the production of the aneuploidy in this genus is discussed.The chromosome configuration observed at the IMs of the intraspecific hybrids of C. parciflora is complicated. An analysis of the data of two sister plants, C63-4 and C63-2, has disclosed the previously undisclosed structural hybridity, i.e. the allopolyploid nature of this species, to some extents. In this connection, a subject of lengthy study and discussion, i.e. the aneuploidy and polyploidy in the genus Carex, is discussed. From the available data, the following conclusions are offered: The aneuploidy in the chromosome numbers in this genus is produced through the cross, among the aneuploid plants with a high degree of polyploidy as well as through the irregularities of the chromosome behaviour at meiosis caused by the structural hybridity which is due to the polyploid nature of species. The basic number in the chromosomes of the genus Carex is of rather small than those postulated heretofore and a considerable number of species are the secondary balanced polyploid.
Generation of cDNAs specific to lettuce infectious yellows closterovirus and other whitefly-transmitted viruses by RT-PCR and degenerate oligonucleotide primers corresponding to the closterovirus gene encoding the heat shock protein 70 homolog

Oligonucleotide primers were designed based on nucleotide sequences corresponding to the conserved phosphate I and 2 motifs contained within the closterovirus-encoded heat shock protein 70 (HSP70) homolog. These primers were used with RNAs extracted from virus-infected plants and reverse-transcriptase polymerase chain reaction to generate specific cDNAs for lettuce infectious yellows closterovirus (LIYV) and for four additional whitefly-transmitted viruses for which corresponding nucleotide sequence data were unavailable: tomato infectious chlorosis virus (TICV), cucurbit yellow stunting disorder virus (CYSDV), beet pseudo-yellows virus (BPYV), and lettuce chlorosis virus. The resulting cDNAs of approximately 600 bp, corresponding to LIYV, TICV, CYSDV, and BPYV, were cloned, and the nucleotide sequences were determined. Computer-assisted analysis of the deduced amino acid sequences showed that all exhibited significant similarity to the HSP70 proteins in general and to the HSP70 homologs encoded by closteroviruses in particular. Comparative alignments showed the amino acid sequences for LIYV, TICV, BPYV, and CYSDV were more similar to each other than to the corresponding regions for the HSP70 homologs of three aphid-transmitted closteroviruses. Digoxigenin-11-UTP-labeled transcripts were generated from each cloned cDNA and used in RNA and dot blot hybridization analyses. Probes for LIYV, TICV, BPYV, and CYSDV hybridized only with double-stranded RNAs or extracts of plants infected with the corresponding virus.
REDUCTION AND TRANSPORT OF ORGANICALLY BOUND IRON BY THALASSIOSIRA OCEANICA (BACILLARIOPHYCEAE)

Thalassiosira oceanica (Hustedt) Hasle et Heimdal (clone 1003) attained rapid rates of growth in low Fe seawater containing the siderophore ferrioxamine B (FeDFB) as the sole Fe source. Short‐term rates of Fe uptake were 109 times faster than those predicted from the equilibrium concentration of inorganic Fe, suggesting that FeDFB was the substrate for the Fe transport system. An extracellular reduction step, mediated by a cell surface reductase, preceded Fe transport from FeDFB and was induced under Fe limitation. The half‐saturation constant for the reduction was 0.68 μM. Iron reduction rates were two times faster than uptake rates, so that the activities of the reductase and the transporter were tightly coupled. The rates of Fe reduction of a number of Fe chelators, including synthetic organic ligands (nitrilotriacetate, diethylenetriaminepentaacetate, and EDTA) and fungal siderophores (desferrioxamine B and desferrioxamine E), were inversely proportional to the ratio of the stability constants of their Fe(III) and Fe(II) complexes and varied by a factor of two times, like the redox potentials of the Fe complexes. Platinum (II), a known inhibitor of Fe reductase activity, appeared to reduce the rates of Fe uptake from FeDFB but not from inorganic complexes. The results suggested that reoxidation of Fe(II) produced by reduction may be a necessary part of the Fe internalization reaction. Ferric reductase could be relevant to phytoplankton nutrition in the open sea where organic Fe complexes dominate the dissolved speciation and where the concentration of inorganic Fe is limiting.
Tracing the Chinese Settlement in Pekalongan: Reading Changes in the Past for Concepting Future Development

As a city in the north coast of Java, Pekalongan was once a port city for Chinese traders who then settled there and built a settlement. This settlement today has been progressed to a certain point where it shows different characteristics from its original situation. However, this paper examines how and what changes have occurred in Chinese settlement in Pekalongan only from 2012 to 2018. From the identification of changes, ideas are built on how its future development should be. By using a comparative study, the research shows that besides minor changes on demography, the Chinese settlement area has been underdeveloped for some years. Thus, this area requires a concept or development guideline for its sustainable future. One of which could be carried out by utilizing its economic potential as a Batik city.
Canopy structure, light interception, and photosynthesis in maize

The amount and distribution of leaf area and leaf angles in a crop canopy determine how photosynthetically active radiation (PAR) is intercepted and consequently influences canopy photosynthesis and yield. Factors such as plant shape, plant populations, and row width will affect these leaf distributions and can occur in an almost infinite number of different combinations. To supplement experimentation, a mathematical model was developed to use measurements of leaf area and leaf angles in two dimensions (with height and across the row) to calculate PAR interception and canopy photosynthesis. Maize (Zea mays L.) hybrids with phenotypic differences were planted at several plant populations to produce a wide range of two-dimensional leaf area and leaf angle patterns. The extreme phenotypes, leafy and reduced stature, were included to vary plant height and number of leaves above the ear. Measurements of average PAR at various levels were made in seven different canopies and compared with calculations from the model (R 2 of 0.68 and 0.92 for two sets of data). As well, measurements of PAR at 20-cm increments on transects perpendicular to the row were made in three canopy types at three levels and compared with theoretical calculations (R 2 = 0.74). A simple numerical experiment was run to demonstrate the utility of the model where daily canopy photosynthesis was calculated for two row widths and seven plant types. One result was that depending on row widths, plants with very upright leaves can have both the smallest and largest daily canopy photosynthesis.
The Cost of Male Secondary Sexual Traits: Developmental Constraints during Ontogeny in a Sexually Dimorphic Water Strider

Natural selection is generally thought to constrain the effects of sexual selection on secondary sexual traits. In hemimetabolous arthropods, the evolution of complex secondary sexual morphologies may be constrained by interference during the molting process. This study assesses the effects of phenotypic variation in secondary sexual traits during ontogeny in the water strider Gerris odontogaster. In this species, males are provided with a grasping apparatus consisting of two abdominal, ventral processes. It is demonstrated that the length of the processes is positively related to the duration of the ultimate larval molt, presumably because the processes constitute a mechanical hindrance during molting. It is further shown that larvae experience a high risk of mortality from cannibalism during their ultimate molt and that this risk is density-dependent. On the basis of the assumption that cannibalistic events occur at random during molting, males with long processes will suffer higher risk of mortality during molting than will males with short processes. It is concluded that this form of developmental constraint can affect the evolution of male abdominal processes, and quantitative cost curves for the length of male abdominal processes are presented. Simulations of natural selection due to larval mortality show positive density dependence, in contrast to sexual selection in this species. It is suggested that the net effect of selection on secondary sexual traits in this species varies between negative and positive values and that net selection is zero only within a narrow range of environmental conditions. A comparison between natural populations showed that mean trait value co-varies negatively with environmental variables related to the cost of the trait in accordance with this suggestion.