Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Interpretable Emoji Prediction via Label-Wise Attention LSTMs

Human language has evolved towards newer forms of communication such as social media, where emojis (i.e., ideograms bearing a visual meaning) play a key role. While there is an increasing body of work aimed at the computational modeling of emoji semantics, there is currently little understanding about what makes a computational model represent or predict a given emoji in a certain way. In this paper we propose a label-wise attention mechanism with which we attempt to better understand the nuances underlying emoji prediction. In addition to advantages in terms of interpretability, we show that our proposed architecture improves over standard baselines in emoji prediction, and does particularly well when predicting infrequent emojis.
Discovering Low-Cost High Utility Patterns

High Utility Pattern Mining (HUPM) is an emerging research topic in data mining, which consists of discovering patterns having a high utility (importance) in databases. However, a fundamental limitation of HUPM is that it is focused on the utility or benefits provided by patterns but completely ignores the cost or effort required to obtain these benefits. Generally, the cost of a pattern can be expressed in terms of various aspects such as time, money, resources consumed and effort. Because HUPM does not consider the cost of patterns, it can find numerous patterns that have a high utility but a very high cost and miss numerous patterns that have very low cost but a relatively high utility. For example, in the context of hospital data, many patterns may be found that lead to a desirable outcome such as being cured but these patterns may have a cost that is prohibitive. This paper addresses this important limitation of HUPM by defining the problem of discovering Low-cost High Utility Patterns in sequences. Three sub-problems are defined corresponding to three cases where (1) the utility is represenbted as binary classes representing a desirable and undesirable outcome (e.g. cured or died after some medical treatments), (2) the utility is represented as a numeric value (e.g. score obtained at an exam), and (3) the utility is represented using binary classes but where only records representing the positive class are available. For each of these cases, utility and cost are represented separately, and appropriate measures are designed to assess the trade-off and correlation between cost and utility. To efficiently find low-cost high utility patterns, three algorithms are designed, corresponding to the three cases. They rely on a novel lower-bound on the average cost of patterns to reduce the search space. An experimental study shows that the proposed algorithms are efficient and can discover interesting patterns in e-learning data. *Corresponding author. Permission to make digital or hard copies of part or all of this work for personal or classroom use is granted without fee provided that copies are not made or distributed for profit or commercial advantage and that copies bear this notice and the full citation on the first page. Copyrights for third-party components of this work must be honored. For all other uses, contact the owner/author(s). UDM 2018 Workshop, August 2018, London, UK © 2018 Copyright held by the owner/author(s). ACM ISBN 123-4567-24-567/08/06. $15.00 https://doi.org/10.475/123_4 CCS CONCEPTS • Information systems → Information extraction;
Analogy betwen dislocation creep and relativistic cosmology

Se presenta una analogia formal y fisica entre la deformacion plastica, principalmente termofluencia por dislocaciones y cosmologia relativista. Se muestran la analogia fisica entre ocho expresiones de termofluencia por dislocaciones y cosmologia relativista. Con la comparacion entre las expresiones matematicas y el uso del analisis fisico se encuentran dos expresiones nuevas para termofluencia por dislocaciones y cuatro nuevas expresiones para Cosmologia Relativista. De entre las cuatro nuevas ecuaciones una permite determinar la energia del neutron, UN , a traves del conocimiento del radio actual del universo y de la constante Einsteniana de gravitacion. Otra expresion define el radio del neutron r N como el radio actual del universo ROU dividido entre 10 40 .
Posible modulación de las circulaciones anticiclónicas por las variaciones de la actividad solar

Se investigan los cambios de las circulaciones anticiclonicas subtropicales inducidos por la variacion solar en las zonas oceanicas. Utilizando el reanalisis NCEP/NCAR se examinan esos cambios indagando en la hipotetica accion de la radiacion solar de UV que incide e influencia la estratosfera y la alta troposfera. Establecida la hipotesis de que la mayor o menor actividad solar modifica el perfil de temperatura vertical y por ello la estabilidad estatica se busca un predictor que pueda anticipar la mayor o menor actividad de las celulas anticiclonicas.
Comparison of artificial absorbing boundaries for acoustic wave equation modelling

Absorbing boundary conditions are necessary in numerical simulation for reducing the artificial reflections from model boundaries. In this paper, we overview the most important and typical absorbing boundary conditions developed throughout history. We first derive the wave equations of similar methods in unified forms; then, we compare their absorbing performance via theoretical analyses and numerical experiments. The Higdon boundary condition is shown to be the best one among the three main absorbing boundary conditions that are based on a one-way wave equation. The Clayton and Engquist boundary is a special case of the Higdon boundary but has difficulty in dealing with the corner points in implementaion. The Reynolds boundary does not have this problem but its absorbing performance is the poorest among these three methods. The sponge boundary has difficulties in determining the optimal parameters in advance and too many layers are required to achieve a good enough absorbing performance. The hybrid absorbing boundary condition (hybrid ABC) has a better absorbing performance than the Higdon boundary does; however, it is still less efficient for absorbing nearly grazing waves since it is based on the one-way wave equation. In contrast, the perfectly matched layer (PML) can perform much better using a few layers. For example, the 10-layer PML would perform well for absorbing most reflected waves except the nearly grazing incident waves. The 20-layer PML is suggested for most practical applications. For nearly grazing incident waves, convolutional PML shows superiority over the PML when the source is close to the boundary for large-scale models. The Higdon boundary and hybrid ABC are preferred when the computational cost is high and high-level absorbing performance is not required, such as migration and migration velocity analyses, since they are not as sensitive to the amplitude errors as the full waveform inversion. We provide a thorough review of all typical absorbing boundary conditions and derive their equations in a uniform mathematical form. We examine their performance via numerical experiments and qualitatively show their advantages and disadvantages. Finally, we provide some suggestions on choosing different boundary conditions for practical applications.
Spatial Analysis of Employee Safety Using Organizable Event Quiltmaps

We present a web-based visualization for the analysis of event-based movement of individuals within a building, as well as for the observation of groups, patterns, and outliers in a population of employees. The visualization comprises a novel organizable event quiltmap, and a 3D spatial heatmap. The quiltmap can be used to cluster similar event trajectories based on a spatial metric. The 3D view reveals employee movements throughout a day in the context of building sensor data. A small multiple display supports the browsing of multiple intervals, and individual event sequences can also be compared for the same employee across multiple days through individual quiltmaps. We demonstrate the approach on a VAST contest dataset of event and sensor measurements and show that it can capture complex and subtle aspects of the event spatiotemporal data.
Emotional Abuse among Syrian Refugee Women in Jordan

BACKGROUND: Violence against women is a worldwide issue. Emotional abuse of women is the second most common form of abuse after physical abuse. Thus, this issue needs focus and attention especially among disadvantaged communities such as refugees. OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to investigate the prevalence of emotional abuse among Syrian refugee women in Jordan. METHODS: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted using a convenient sample of 182 Syrian refugee women residing in Mafraq Governorate. Participants were recruited from Maternal & Child Health Centers (MCHC) across the governorate. A validated Arabic version of the NorVold Domestic Abuse Questionnaire (NORAQ) was used to collect data from the study participants. RESULTS : Participants’ ages ranged from 19 to 55 years, (mean age ± 30.2; SD ± 8.9 years). Forty four percent of the participants reported experiencing emotional abuse in the preceding year prior the evaluation. The lifetime prevalence of emotional abuse was 51.6%. About 21.4% of married refugees surveyed reported emotional abuse from their husbands. Thirteen percent of the married participant reported being emotionally abused by their brothers. Twelve of the unmarried participants reported that the perpetrators were family members (4 fathers, 7 brothers, and 1 mother). Logistic regression model revealed that Syrian refugee women who are married, live within large families, reside in urban areas, and have lower educational levels are more likely to suffer emotional abuse. A significant association was found between exposure to emotional abuse and poor mental health, including depression, insomnia and feelings of anguish. CONCLUSION : High prevalence rate of life time abuse was revealed by this study. Overall, findings suggest that improving socio-demographic circumstances (i e education) would reduce their vulnerability to emotional abuse. This study may guide both future research and current efforts to combat emotional violence amongst Syrian refugee women.
Towards Optimization of e-Commerce Search and Discovery

E-Commerce (E-Com) search is an emerging problem with multiple new challenges. One of the primary challenges constitutes optimizing multiple objectives involving business metrics such as sales and revenue and maintaining a discovery strategy for the site. In this paper, we formalize the e-com search problem for optimizing metrics based on sales, revenue, and relevance. We define a notion of item discoverability in search and show that learning to rank (LTR) algorithms trained with behavioral features from e-com customer interactions (eg. clicks,cart-adds, orders etc.) do not by themselves address the discoverability problem. Instead, a suitable explore-exploit framework must be integrated with the ranking algorithm. We thus construct a practical discovery strategy by keeping a few top positions for discovery and populating some of the items selected through exploration. Then, we present a few exploration strategies with low regret bounds in terms of business metrics. We conduct a simulation study with a synthetically generated dataset that represents items with different utility distribution and compares these strategies using metrics based on sales, revenue, relevance, and discovery. We find that a strategy based on adaptive submodular function based discovery framework can provide a nice balance of business metrics and discoverability compared to other strategies based on random exploration or multi-armed bandit. However, another strategy, based on monotonic submodular optimization function that needs to be integrated with linear LTR models also works well for discovery and has nice performances with respect to sales, revenue, and relevance.
Entropy Production Associated with Aggregation into Granules in a Subdiffusive Environment

We study the entropy production that is associated with the growing or shrinking of a small granule in, for instance, a colloidal suspension or in an aggregating polymer chain. A granule will fluctuate in size when the energy of binding is comparable to kBT, which is the “quantum” of Brownian energy. Especially for polymers, the conformational energy landscape is often rough and has been commonly modeled as being self-similar in its structure. The subdiffusion that emerges in such a high-dimensional, fractal environment leads to a Fokker–Planck Equation with a fractional time derivative. We set up such a so-called fractional Fokker–Planck Equation for the aggregation into granules. From that Fokker–Planck Equation, we derive an expression for the entropy production of a growing granule.
Superradiance with an ensemble of superconducting flux qubits

Superconducting flux qubits are a promising candidate for realizing quantum information processing and quantum simulations. Such devices behave like artificial atoms, with the advantage that one can easily tune the ``atoms'' internal properties. Here, by harnessing this flexibility, we propose a technique to minimize the inhomogeneous broadening of a large ensemble of flux qubits by tuning only the external flux. In addition, as an example of many-body physics in such an ensemble, we show how to observe superradiance, and its quadratic scaling with ensemble size, using a tailored microwave control pulse that takes advantage of the inhomogeneous broadening itself to excite only a subensemble of the qubits. Our scheme opens up an approach to using superconducting circuits to explore the properties of quantum many-body systems.
Ex-vivo expansion and function identification of CD 4 + CD 25 + CD 127 dim regulatory T cells in severe aplastic anemia

Background: Regulatory T (Treg) cells play an important role in regulating immune responses. Successful ex-vivo expansion of Tregs has been achieved after T cell receptor (TCR) stimulation in the presence of T cell growth factors. In this study, we evaluated the proliferation ability and ex-vivo suppressive function of Tregs in severe aplastic anemia (SAA). Methods: To define the optimum population for Treg cell therapy in SAA, CD4+ CD25+ CD127dim Treg subsets were sorted from the blood and bone marrow of SAA patients and normal controls, and expanded in vitro in the presence of anti-CD3/CD28 beads with high concentration of recombinant human interleukin 2 (rhIL-2). Their phenotype was determined by flow cytometry. Mixed lymphocytes culture with Teff was performed to assess the function of ex-vivo expanded Treg cells. Results: The Treg cells were expanded to approximately 10-fold in 1-2 weeks and retained the Treg cell phenotypic characteristics. Tregs from SAA patients even have more powerful proliferation ability than that from normal control. Moreover, the ex-vivo expanded Tregs have a high expression of CTLA-4. In ex-vivo immunosuppression experiment, the expansion rate of Teff from the four co-culture groups, including (control Teff: control Treg), (control Teff: SAA Treg), (SAA Teff: control Treg) and (SAA Teff: SAA Treg), did not show any significant difference. The IFN-γ secretion by Teff was suppressible by expanded Tregs from SAA patients. Conclusion: Tregs from SAA patient can be sorted and expanded successfully in vitro, and used efficiently to suppress effective T cells proliferation, paving the way for future clinical trials.
Organizational memory as a mechanism of formation and development of organizational culture

The paper develops the concept of organizational memory, which is seen as a mechanism for the development of organizational culture. Based on the analysis of the essence of the organizational culture and of the factors of its formation (primary, secondary, external, internal) the author shows the need to address the organizational memory as a phenomenon. The author suggests the interpretation of this phenomenon as a historical set of corporate values, knowledge, processes and phenomena that can be updated under certain conditions, as well as identified by all personnel in the organization according to the processes of the localization of the memories by any organizational entity. Attention is paid to the ratio of the individual and collective in the processes of organizational memory functioning. The conclusion about the need to differentiate the levels of collective and individual consciousness within the organizational memory analysis. Theoretical constructs by Emile Durkheim and Maurice Halbwachs are used for the conceptualization of the phenomenon. It is shown how the organizational memory is actualized in the course of organizational culture processes.
A Creative Learning Sequence in an Introductory Programming MOOC

Lecture-videos, tutorials, and summative examinations frequently give Massive Open Online Courses (MOOCs) the characteristics of teacher-centred instruction. The amount of individual feedback is often reduced to a minimum and most of the practical tasks include multiple-choice quizzes. This is mainly due to the big amount of anonymous and heterogeneous learners. Although a large (massive) number of participants with different goals and pre-education on one hand and compared to that a small group of advisors, on the other hand, suggest simple learning tasks, this situation is not satisfying in respect to our expectation of a constructive and creative learning environment. In January 2017, we started to design and develop a MOOC for learning computer programming, addressing high-school students without or with little experience in programming intending to study a STEM bachelor programme at our college. Hence, our goal was to conform the heterogeneous levels of pre-knowledge in computer programming of our freshmen students. We decided to use Processing as programming language, because it supports an easy learning start to programming by using graphics and animations and allows for an easy transition to Javalike programming languages later on. As part of the course we designed a learning sequence that addresses the participants’ creativity and includes peer feedback, and communication with other participants. We asked students already at a very early stage to create an artwork using previously presented basic graphical procedures. The “artistic” results have to be shown to the other participants combined with some personal remarks. Then they are asked to choose one of the artworks, create a copy of it by coding and provide feedback to the original artist why his or her work was chosen and what challenges they faced in creating a fake copy, optionally completed by further remarks. Example of an original artwork (left) and its “fake” (right) In this paper, we present our experience implementing the exercise, results of this learning sequence and selected feedback of our MOOC students concerning the assignment.
ARE THERE ANY DIFFERENcES IN SIMPLE AND RANDOM cHOIcE MOTOR TASK PERFORMANcE BETWEEN YOUNG AND MIDDLE-AGED ADULTS?

Research background and hypothesis. Most studies are based on elderly subjects’ results, so there is a need to explore if motor performance changes begin in the middle age. We hypothesize that (i) middle-aged subjects use “play it safe” strategy, which depends on the type of tasks (simple vs. random choice); (ii) middle-aged subjects will show higher intra-individual performance variability compared to young adults, furthermore, simple task will show lower performance variability. Research aim was to establish if there were any movement performance differences during simple and random choice motor task performance between young and middle-aged adults. Research methods. Middle-aged and young adults performed two speed-accuracy tasks. During simple task participants had to reach the same target which appeared in the same place and during random choice task the target appeared randomly in one of the three different places. Research results. Data showed that middle-aged group had slower (p < 0.05) reaction time and maximal velocity, whereas movement path length was more accurate (p < 0.05) than that in the young adult group. Comparing different tasks it was observed that during simple task reaction time was faster (p < 0.05) than in the random choice task in both groups. Intra-individual variability of reaction time and maximal velocity was higher (p < 0.05) in the middleaged group, whereas no changes were observed between different tasks. Discussion and conclusion. Motor performance strategy “play it safe” is already observed for the middleaged population: they decrease maximal velocity and reaction time in order to make movement more accurate. Additionally, they demonstrate task-independent higher intra-individual variability of reaction time and maximal velocity showing changes in CNS integrity compared to young adults.
Phytochemical constituents of the leaves of three bamboo (Poaceae) species in Ghana.

Although herbivores feed on various plant parts (e.g. leaves), inherent phytochemicals present varying degrees of antagonism. Bamboo leaves have therapeutic and nutritional properties, making them a good source of fodder for livestock. To be sure of their safety or otherwise, phytochemical analysis was undertaken on three bamboo species [Bambusa vulgaris Schrad. ex J. C. Wendl. , Bambusa ventricosa McClure, and Oxytenanthera abyssinica (A. Rich.)]. The leaves were tested in their wet and dry states. Leaves of all the species contained saponins, general glycosides, coumarins and cyanogenic glycosides. Those of B. ventricosa and O. abyssinica contained polyphenols and flavonoids as well. However, there were no alkaloids, carotenoids, triterpenoids and steroids, anthraquinones and anthracene glycosides in any of the species/varieties. Generally, air-drying of bamboo leaves does not affect presence of inherent phytochemicals and equally makes them suitable as hay just like fodder in the fresh succulent state. B. vulgaris is the safest of the three species analysed as it contained four classes of phytochemicals.
eview ifelong bilingualism and neural reserve against Alzheimer ’ s disease : review of findings and potential mechanisms

Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a progressive brain disorder that initially affects medial temporal lobe circuitry and memory functions. Current drug treatments have only modest effects on the symptomatic course of the disease. In contrast, a growing body of evidence suggests that lifelong bilingualism may delay the onset of clinical AD symptoms by several years. The purpose of the present review is to summarize evidence for bilingualism as a reserve variable against AD and discuss potential underlying neurocognitive mechanisms. Evidence is reviewed suggesting that bilingualism may delay clinical AD symptoms by protecting