Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Fertilizer-derived N in opportunistic macroalgae after flooding of agricultural land

Managed realignment by deliberate flooding of coastal areas is an adaptation to sea level rise but may risk enriching the coastal zone with nutrients when seawater floods agricultural soil. This study focuses on the early development of macroalgae and their sources of nitrogen (N) in Gyldensteen Coastal Lagoon, Denmark. The lagoon was claimed for agricultural purposes in 1871 and reflooded by managed realignment 143 yr later (2014). Our hypotheses were: (1) that nutrients of agricultural origin from the newly flooded soil initiate opportunistic macroalgal blooms; and (2) that the isotopic composition of green algae rapidly reflects the origin of nutrient sources. We monitored macroalgal cover and conducted stable isotope (δ15N) analyses to assess the origin of N sources. Intense green macroalgal blooms occurred during the first summer after flooding and diminished in the 2 following years as a result of rapid water exchange. Low δ15N in macroalgae in the first year (mean ± SE, 4.2 ± 0.3‰) increased significantly in the next year (8.0 ± 0.1‰). A laboratory experiment tested the δ15N response of opportunistic green macroalgae (Ulva spp.) exposed to organic manure and synthetic inorganic fertilizers. Higher δ15N (11.1 ± 0.1‰) characterized manure-treated algae compared to fertilizer-treated algae (2.7 ± 0.2‰). Based on these field and laboratory results, we accept both hypotheses and conclude that the major N source supporting macroalgal growth in 2014 was derived from synthetic fertilizers; however, rapid tidal flushing during the following years resulted in nutrient limitation and lower macroalgal growth.
Analysis of magnetometer data using wavelet transforms

Geomagnetic field–line resonances may be identified via the use of cross–phase analysis of data from two closely spaced meridional ground–based magnetometer stations. It has been demonstrated that preprocessing of the data using a wavelet–based filter, chosen with regard to the variance of coefficients of the wavelet components, can be used to remove both low–frequency trend and large amplitude, localized structures, thus facilitating the selection of the eigenfrequency. We demonstrate that the dependence of the variance of coefficients on the wavelet level during a geomagnetic storm event is characteristically different from that obtained from data on a day associated with quiet geomagnetic activity. This suggests that the spectral nature of magnetic disturbances excited in the magnetosphere is dependent upon the level of geomagnetic activity.
Novel Strategies to Tackle Ras-Related Cancer: An Opinion Based on Two Recent Reviews

In this communication, we provide a brief overview of two recent reviews by [1,2] which highlight the importance of the continued need for the development of small molecule inhibitors to modulate abnormal signaling processes stimulated by the Ras GTPases. If not properly regulated, these signaling processes can result in Ras-stimulated hyperactivity that can lead to diseases such as cancer. However, to date, strategies to target inhibition of these proteins still remains a daunting challenge. Therefore, these proteins remain important targets for drug discovery efforts to control Ras-stimulated abnormal cell signaling.
A Slender Fabry–Perot Antenna for High-Gain Horizontally Polarized Omnidirectional Radiation

In this communication, a special Fabry–Perot (FP) cavity antenna with a slender structure is proposed to realize an omnidirectional radiation pattern with horizontal polarization. In our design, a partially reflective strip consisting of periodical slots is placed over the aperture of a long and narrow cavity, thus generating an FP resonance with a uniform electric field distribution along this aperture. As the slot arrays are excited in phase and with a nearly identical amplitude, the proposed slender architecture can provide a horizontally polarized omnidirectional radiation pattern with an enhanced directivity. The proposed antenna is prototyped with a length of <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$2.95\lambda $ </tex-math></inline-formula> (<inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\lambda $ </tex-math></inline-formula> is the free space wavelength at the center frequency). In well agreement with the simulation results, the experiment verifies that an omnidirectional pattern is achieved over the operating band (2.41–2.5 GHz), with a realized gain of 7.1–8.52 dBi and a gain variation on the E-plane less than 2.3 dB. In virtue of the low-profile all-metal structure, high efficiency (>86%), and enhanced gain, the proposed slender FP antenna is promising for future wireless communication applications.
Global status of commercialized biotech/GM crops: 2006.

In the period 1996 to 2012, millions of farmers in ~30 countries worldwide, made more than 100 million independent decisions to plant an accumulated hectarage of more than 1.5 billion hectares – 50% more than the land mass of the US or China; this demonstrates the trust and confidence of millions of risk-averse farmers in biotech crops which deliver sustainable and substantial, socioeconomic and environmental benefits.
5-HT6R Viral Vector-Mediated Indirect Pathway Activation in the Dorsolateral Striatum: A Discussion on Basal Ganglia Habitual and Goal-Directed Circuits

Altering maladaptive behavioral tendencies is relevant for clinical interventions, making research on underlying mechanisms of habit essential. Mechanisms of habit are explored here with differential activation of the indirect pathway in the basal ganglia. Viral vector-mediated overexpression of the 5-hydroxytryptamine 6 (5-HT6) receptor in the indirect pathway of the dorsolateral striatum was used to increase indirect pathway activity. Subjects were trained such that control animals were expected to exhibit habitual behavior. We hypothesized increased activation of the indirect pathway would maintain goal-directed behavior. To test this hypothesis female rats were assigned to 5-HT6 receptor upregulation or control groups in a reward devaluation behavior paradigm to assess habitual behavior. Although our results do not show anticipated behavioral results following reward devaluation, a lack of statistical power due to small sample sizes does not allow conclusions to be reached.
Numerical Solution of Singularly Perturbed BVPs using an Optimal Fitted One-Step Integration Scheme via Initial Value Method

In this paper, a numerical solution of singularly perturbed BVPs (SPBVPs) using an optimal fitted one-step integration scheme via initial value method is present. The original second order SPBVP is replaced by an asymptotically approximate first order initial value singularly perturbed problem (IVSPP) and solved using an optimal fitted one-step integration scheme. The error analysis is present. Some SPBVPs are solved and the numerical results confirm that the suggested method is accurate and efficient in solving the considered problems.
Insight into the mobilome of Escherichia coli

Mobilomes are all mobile genetic elements (plasmids, transposable elements, insertion sequences, gene cassettes, integrons, genomic islands, and bacteriophages) in a genome. Mobilome is one of the responsible agents for the bacterial evolution, virulence, and increasing antibiotic resistance. The mobile genetic elements in the Escherichia coli genome can carry antibiotic resistance genes and/or virulence genes. The acquisition of new mobile genetic elements can lead to the emergence of new pathotypes. The aim of this chapter is to gather knowledge about mobile genetic elements in E. coli strains. The method in this chapter depends on a literature survey, which scans reviews, research articles, and theses published about transposable elements, plasmids, bacteriophages, and genomic islands in E. coli strains.
Minkowski Distance as a Quality of Service Assessment Tool

The aim of this paper is to describe an approach to assess the Quality of Service (QoS) of multimedia applications by considering their QoS parameters (i.e., delay, jitter, packet losses) requirements. Audio application was considered for this purpose because of the time-sensitive nature of their QoS requirements. In this work, the objective of QoS assessment is to evaluate the performance of the employed networks to investigate whether they satisfy the requirements of different applications that were sharing the same infrastructure over them. This involved devising a new QoS assessment technique that combines and summarizes the QoS parameters in a single value. This value represents the QoS level provided to the multimedia applications based on the network conditions compared to the QoS level expected for those applications. The devised assessment approach is based on Euclidean and Minkowski distance measures. The proposed approach simplifies the complexity of QoS assessment using simple and mathematically and very straightforward technique based on one equation and a simple mapping process. The obtained results using the devised approach reflects the actual QoS provided by the network for multimedia applications and were comparable to results obtained by some other proposed approaches.
Lysine in rations for barrows selected for lean carcass deposition from 110 to 125 kg

Fourty-eight barrows proceeding from crossing between commercial hybrids were used in a study to evaluate the different lysine levels on the performance and the carcass characteristics. The swines average initial and final weight was 110.1 ± 0.72 kg and 125.3 ± 1.23 kg, respectively. The animals were distributed in an experimental design of randomized blocks with four treatments, six replicates and two animals per replicate. The treatments corresponded to a basal diet with 13.7% of crude protein and 3367 kcal [. ]
Variabilidade espaço-temporal de Lepidoptera em duas localidades da região central do Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil (Insecta: Lepidoptera)

Lepidoptera are widely studied in Rio Grande do Sul, especially Rhopalocera. However, studies of Heterocera are not common, and only specific groups have usually been sampled in repeated locations. Therefore, there are information gaps regarding Heterocera in the state, resulting in many of the taxonomic lists remaining incomplete. The present study contributes to the existing data by providing new information about the assemblies of moths in the central region of the state. The samplings were conducted from April 2012 to May 2013, using a light trap with a white cloth, such as TNT, and a 500 W halogen lamp, during new moon nights at two locations on the edge of the Central Plateau, in the regions located between the municipalities of Santa-Maria-Silveira Martins and Santa Maria-Itaara. We identified the species by using specialized literature, comparing with Lepidoptera collections, and confirming with specialists. After 16 samplings, we collected 161 species distributed in 122 genera, 16 families, and 37 subfamilies. The most significant richness observed was for the families Arctiidae (39), Geometridae (43), and Noctuidae (32). The specimens identified in this study adds 75 new records for the Rio Grande do Sul. However, we emphasize that this large number of new records was because of the relatively few studies of Heterocera.
Babu English Revisited: A Sociolinguistic Study.

Babu English is arguably one of the most popular varieties of Indian English and ironically the least studied too. An attempt to define the variety lands one in a mushy land of definitions that are untenable. It has been described variously by different scholars while German linguist Schuchardt classifies it as a pidgin, Kachru defines it as a register. Most descriptions emphasize on the highly overt stylistic features of the variety. This paper analyses the stylistic and syntactic features of samples from a collection of Babu English letters to identify the characteristics of the variety. It also studies various definitions of the variety and arrives at the conclusion that Babu English is in fact a nonvariety and is interlanguage or learner’s language.
Performance of Learning Management System Moodle design in a Nigerian Higher Education Institution

This paper presents three different model to evaluate the concept of learning management system (LMS), more specifically Moodle web learning and course management across Higher Education Institutions throughout Sub-Saharan nations by adopting two different models: 1) DeLone and McLean information system success model; and unified theory of acceptance and use of technology (UTAUT) model in various schools throughout the African country of Nigeria. This secondary research explains the scope, potential, impact and challenges of adopting Moodle in Nigeria using the aforementioned models to find out ways of increasing the meaningful adoption of LMS in higher education. In addition, these studies underscore the myriad challenges that impede adoption of LMS n Nigeria’s higher education, such as high tariffs of internet, poor power supply, lack of technological infrastructure and skills, and the reluctancy in adopting to new changes.
PENGARUH SIKAP, KEPERCAYAAN, PERSEPSI KEMUDAHAN, PERSEPSI KEGUNAAN DAN KEAMANAN TERHADAP MINAT MENGGUNAKAN JASA LAYANAN GO-JEK (Studi Pada Mahasiswa Jurusan Akuntansi Universitas Brawijaya Malang)

Tujuan penelitian yaitu untuk menguji pengaruh sikap, kepercayaan, persepsi kemudahan, persepsi kegunaan dan keamanan terhadap minat menggunakan jasa layanan GO-JEK. Jenis penelitian dalam penyusunan skripsi ini adalah penelitian penjelasan (explanatory research), yaitu penelitian yang menganalisis hubungan antar variabel dan menguji hipotesis yang telah dirumuskan sebelumnya. Populasi dari penelitian ini adalah mahasiswa jurusan Akuntansi Universitas Brawijaya Malang dengan jumlah mahasiswa aktif yaitu sebanyak 2.595 mahasiswa, dengan teknikconvenience sampling maka dapat ditentukan jumlah sampel penelitian yaitu sebanyak 347 orang responden. Teknik analisis data menggunakan analisis regresi linier berganda.Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa sikap memberikan pengaruh yang signifikan terhadap minat.Kepercayaan berpengaruh signifikan terhadap variabel minat. Selanjutnya variabel persepsi kemudahan memberikan pengaruh yang signifikan terhadap variabel minat.Persepsi kegunaan memberikan pengaruh yang signifikan terhadap variabel minat menggunakan jasa layanan GOJEK. Keamanan secara parsial memberikan pengaruh yang signifikan terhadap variabel minat. Hasil analisis dapat diketahui bahwa secara parsial sikap, kepercayaan, persepsi kemudahan, persepsi kegunaan dan keamanan berpengaruh terhadap minat menggunakan jasa layanan GOJEK.Berdasarkan hasil koefisien regresi masing-masing variabel kepercayaan mempunyai pengaruh dominan terhadap minat menggunakan jasa layanan GO-JEK. Kata Kunci: Sikap, Kepercayaan, Persepsi Kemudahan, Persepsi Kegunaan, Keamanan dan Minat Menggunakan Jasa Layanan Go-Jek
The Pollution of Minamata Bay by Mercury

Minamata Disease, methylmercury poisoning, was recognized late in 1953 among the inhabitants living around Minamata Bay. In a chemical factory situated near Minamata Bay, acetaldehyde had been synthesized by the hydration of acetylene till 1968; in the reaction mercury oxide dissolved in sulfuric acid had been used as a catalyst. Inorganic mercury in waste water from the acetaldehyde plant had been discharged into the bay and it had accumulated into bottom sediment. It was proved that a part of inorganic mercury used as the catalyst had changed into methylmercury by a sidereaction in the plant and waste water containing methylmercury from the plant had discharged into the bay and methylmercury had accumulated into the fishes. The mercury concentrations in the muds were very high: in 1963, 29~713 ppm (dry weight); in 1969, 19~908 ppm (dry weight); in 1970, 8~253 ppm (dry weight) and in 1971, 14~586 ppm (dry weight). Since 1977, dredging work had been carried out to remove mercury-contaminated mud and all of the work had finished at March 1990. The concentration of mercury in fishes from the bay was very high in 1959: shellfishes 108~178 ppm (dry weight) and fish 15 ppm (wet weight). Mercury concentration in fishes has decreased markedly since 1966. Total mercury concentration in fishes (87 species) were 0.01~1.74 ppm (wet weight) and fishes containing over 0.4 ppm of total mercury were 16 species in 1989. The hair of patients contained a high concentration of mercury, the highest being 705 ppm. In 1968, the average mercury concentration in patients was 10.6 ppm, for fishermen, the average was 9.2 ppm, and for general inhabitants, the average was 8.1 ppm. In 1982, the average methylmercury concentration in fishermen was 6.15 ppm and for general inhabitants, the averge was 3.78 ppm. Thus, the mercury content in hair decreased gradually with time. After treatment of mercury in waste water was initiated, the mercury content in fishes from Minamta Bay was gradually reduced. It is necessary to supervise strictly to avoid mercury pollution of the environment.
Characterization of a mesophilic anaerobic inoculum by means of methanogenic activity tests

The anaerobic digestion is a well-known technology to treat wastes with a high potential of methane recovery (i.e. manures, slaughterhouse waste, animal by-products waste and other types of organic wastes) even presenting a relatively high nitrogen content. However, wastes with high nitrogen content involve several problems on the anaerobic digestion process. Ammonia causes inhibition on aceticlastic methanogens but in lesser extend on Syntrophic Acetate Oxidation microorganisms (SAO) or on hydrogenotrophic methanogens. Thus, working with SAO population it is possible to avoid or to decrease the effects of the inhibition by ammonium. The aim of this project is to characterize a mesophilic anaerobic inoculum likely to have presented SAO activity, in the past, through methanogenic activity tests. In this study, the effect of acetate, hydrogen and ammonia concentrations on the methanogenic activity was elucidated in two experiments; in the first one, an anaerobic mesophilic inoculum was exposed to diverse concentrations of acetate and ammonia in presence of hydrogen, and in the second, a SAO mesophilic inoculum was exposed to a high ammonia and acetate concentrations. The methanogenic activities were determined through sequential batch experiments estimating the acetate and hydrogen consumption rates and also the methane production rate. After a three successive pulses of acetate and hydrogen during 140 days, it was observed a decrease on the hydrogenotrophic activity and a increase on the aceticlastic activity. According to our results and considering that the inoculum came from a reactor characterized by a retention time of 65 days, fed with protein-rich wastes and operated with high content of ammonia nitrogen in the digester, it is possible to hypothesize that the reactor presented SAO activity.
Postpartum Psychiatric Disorders: A-Two Year Retrospective Review at a Tertiary Health Institution in Damaturu, North East Nigeria

Background: Postpartum psychiatric disorders have devastating consequences not only on the women, but also for the child and family. Not much is known about the magnitude and pattern of these disorders since the entrenchment of relative peace in this geo political zone of the country, hence this study. Aims and Objectives: The study aimed to determine the clinical, psychosocial and socio demographic characteristics of women diagnosed with postpartum psychiatric conditions in a tertiary health institution in Damaturu, North East Nigeria. Methods: We conducted a retrospective review between May 2017 and April 2019 of cases with post partum psychiatric conditions and extracted relevant data using an instrument designed by the authors. Results: Majority of the participants had vaginal delivery 62/82 (75.6%), were married 68/82 (82.9%), had full term babies 63/82 (76.8%) and developed post partum psychiatric symptoms less than four weeks after delivery 80/82 (97.5%). Depression was the commonest type of post partum psychiatric illness 47/82 (57.3%), followed by mania 14/82 (17.1%), bipolar disorders 8/82 (9.8%) and schizophrenia 6/82 (7.3%). The husbands were the primary caregivers in 63.4% of the participants while more than half of them were not booked 45/82 (54.9%). Conclusion: The study offered some insight into the occurrence of mental health disorders during the perinatal period among women in Damaturu, North East Nigeria. Therefore, there is need for early detection and effective management of post partum psychiatric disorders in a timely and proactive fashion as this is essential for optimal mental well being of the mother and child.
Mercury bioaccumulation in relation to changing physicochemical and ecological factors across a large and undisturbed boreal watershed

Within a drainage basin, the position of a lake or river can greatly affect its limnological and ecological characteristics. These properties influence the cycling of mercury (Hg), a neurotoxic and bioaccumulative metal prevalent in remote northern watersheds. In this study, we examined how 43 physical, chemical, and ecological endpoints change across 58 lake and river sites within an undisturbed boreal watershed in Ontario, Canada, and assessed the influence of these endpoints on aqueous and biotic Hg concentrations ([Hg]). We found that several physicochemical parameters, but few ecological factors, varied in systematic patterns across the watershed. Overall, [Hg] in water and some fish increased in systems with decreasing landscape positions. Aqueous and biotic [Hg] were strongly related to dissolved organic carbon and nutrient concentrations. Biotic [Hg] was lower in higher-nutrient systems, potentially due to biodilution, but higher in systems with more nitrates + nitrites, suggesting an indirect relationship between Hg and nitrogen cycling. This study is the first to assess patterns of [Hg] across an entire intact watershed and provides valuable results for a region anticipating substantial industrial development.
Evaluation of anti-bovine anti-equine and recombinant protein A/G horseradish peroxidase conjugates for cross reactivity to wildlife serum antibodies using ELISA

Primary binding assays like the indirect immunofluorescence assay or the enzymelinked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) are serological methods that have been used to effectively screen for many diseases in humans and animals. These assays depend on reagents that can recognise antibodies (immunoglobulins) of the target species. The indirect ELISA for example requires an enzyme conjugated anti-immunoglobulin, which is specific to the target species, also referred to as an anti-species conjugate. Conjugated antispecies immunoglobulins are commercially available for all common domestic species and even for the predominant wildlife species in the northern hemisphere. The African wildlife species are, however, extremely diverse and anti-species immunoglobulins are not readily available, which renders primary binding assays that depend on these conjugated molecule largely unavailable for these species.