Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Building blocks for a 15 GHz PLL in deep-submicron technology

In this work a 15GHz Charge Pump based PLL frequency synthesizer is presented. All circuit design has been implemented in submicron RF CMOS process with emphasis in low phase noise, low power consumption and minimum chip area. The quadrature differential VCO exhibits phase noise 112.5dBc at 1MHz offset frequency with 10.5mA current consumption. A programmable divider with a DMP 8/9 is used to achieve the desirable frequency division range. The Charge Pump features very low dc mismatch current error and is capable for low noise operation. KeywordsPLL, VCO, Frequency Divider, Charge Pump
Biology and culture of the clown loach Chromobotia macracanthus (Cypriniformes, Cobitidae): 2- Importance of water movement and temperature during egg incubation

In comparison to older life stages, the embryonic stages of fishes generally have narrow tolerance ranges for environmental conditions, as regards water quality, temperature and mechanical shocks. The knowledge of these factors is indispensable to appraise the threats brought about by climate or anthropogenic changes upon their resilience, and to define adequate ways of incubating their eggs for an efficient propagation of the species under controlled conditions. Clown loach eggs have a narrow thermal tolerance range in comparison to other tropical and temperate fishes. Hatching occurs at 22–30 °C, and non-deformed larvae can only be obtained at 23.8–30.2 °C. Furthermore, the thermal tolerance of any particular progeny was found dependent on the maintenance temperature of the female parent, thereby making the actual tolerance no broader than 4.5 °C. The (log-log) relationship between the duration of the incubation period and temperature was characterized by a shallow slope, which is more typical of coldwater fishes, as is a narrow thermal tolerance range. On the other hand, clown loach hatched more rapidly (20 h at 26 °C) than predicted by existing models on the basis of water temperature and egg diameter, a feature that is shared by other warmwater fishes producing eggs that undergo a strong swelling process (about three times the ova diameter in clown loach). Clown loach embryos are strongly sensitive to mechanical shocks, but their development is not viable either in protracted steady state conditions, in absence of water movement, as they develop various deformities (e.g. pericardial oedema). This is thought to originate from a hypoxic microenvironment around the embryo, as a consequence of an oxygen gradient developing inside and outside the egg, since the boundary diffusion layer is not refreshed by water movement. This issue is worsened by strong egg swelling and incubation at warm temperature.
The Neurotrophic Effect of Piracetam And Omega-3 Fatty Acids Based On EEG And EMG Parameters In Children Sufferring From Cerebral Palsy

Cerebral palsy is a common pediatric problem encountered in about 2 per 1000 born children and causing variable mental, motor and behavioral sequalaes. Newly introdued trials of neurogenesis with different agents are now extensively evaluated. Our study was conducted to evaluate the neurotrophic response to piracetam and omega-3 fatty acids in children suffering from variable forms of cerebral palsy. The response was monitorred both clinically and with EEG and EMG patterns as being a highly predictve tools for assessing cerebral palsy. The damaged brain sites under the skull showed progressive improval in response to piracetam and omega-3 fatty acids upon daily supplement throughout 2 month in comparism with the controlled EEG pattern of the untreated children at P< 0.05 as a right axis EEG wave shift from neurodegenerative theta wave (45 Hz) to the active alpha wave. However combining these 2 drug showed additve synergestic effects. Similar reciprocal EMG response of the gastrocnemous tendon reflex amplitude had been obtained with a synergistic decrease by combining piracetam with Kufa Med. Journal 2008. Vol. 11. No.1 418 omega-3 fatty acids from 10.5 mV before treatment to 6.5 mV after 2months of treatment with significant correlation coefficient r at P < 0.05. In conclusion piracetam and omega3 fatty acids are valuable therapy for children with neurodegenerative disorder especially when being combined.
Volatility behavior, information efficiency and risk in the S&P 500 index markets

We propose an ARJI-Trend model—a combination of the ARJI and component models—to capture the distinguishing features of US index returns, with the results indicating that our model has a good fit for the volatility dynamics of spot, floor- traded and E-mini index futures in US markets. Although certain analogous characteristics are discernible amongst the three indices (such as the responses by the transitory components to innovations, the high persistence in the trends, and the relative importance of jump variance), the reaction to news is found to be heterogeneous amongst the S&P 500 indices. Furthermore, the out-of-sample forecasting performances of both the ARJI-Trend model and the GARCH model are found to have general equivalence for the S&P 500 indices. Our analyses further show that the mini-sized index market is the most efficient with regard to the transmission of information in both the short and long run. This suggests that, following the introduction of E-mini futures, these instruments have come to play a dominant role in price discovery. Overall, our empirical results are very encouraging, insofar as the proposed ARJI-Trend model is found to be a useful tool for helping practitioners to gain a better understanding of the differential attributes between spot, general and mini-sized products in US stock markets.
Agris category code : L 01 THE EFFECT OF IMMUNOCASTRATION ON CARCASS AND MEAT CUT YIELDS IN EXTENSIVELY REARED IBERIAN GILTS

1 Agricultural Research Center of Extremadura; 06187-Guadajira, Badajoz , SPAIN 2 Corresponding author, e-mail: mercedes.izquierdo@juntaextremadura.net 3 IRTA (Institut de Recerca i Tecnologia Agroalimentàries), SPAIN ABSTRACT Iberian pigs are raised in Spain in extensive conditions with males and females free-ranging together. To avoid aggressive behavior, welfare problems, or even unwanted mating and pregnancies by domestic or wild boars, males and females are gonadectomized. However, Council Directive 2008/120/EC restricts female surgical sterilization. Therefore, the use of Improvac® as an alternative to gonadectomy would be highly beneficial for extensive Iberian pig farming. The aim of this study was to compare carcass traits of ovariectomized (CF), immunocastrated (ICF) and intact (IF) Iberian females. Seventy-five females (30 CF, 30 ICF and 15 IF) were used in this study. Animals were reared in extensive conditions and supplemented with a commercial concentrate until they reached commercial slaughter weight (around 160 kg of live weight) Carcass attributes were compared among these three groups of reproductive treatment. Results showed significant differences in the weights and yields of hams and loins among CF and the other two groups, but no differences were found for carcass and foreleg weights or yields among the three groups. Finally, there were no differences between IF and ICF for any of these carcass traits. In conclusion, immunocastration of female Iberian pigs does not negatively affect the weights or yields of carcass or commercial cuts with respect to intact females, yet, it improves certain carcass traits in comparison with ovariectomized females.
A New Theorem for Optimizing the Advertising Budget

ABSTRACT This article offers a new solution to the advertising budgeting problem, developed through empirical optimization. This method combines axioms with empirical generalizations to simulate profits. The resulting profit maps yield specific decision rules and general theorems. For advertising budgeting, empirical optimization shows that if advertising elasticity is 0.10 the optimal advertising budget is always 10 percent of gross profit. The corresponding theorem, that optimal advertising is advertising elasticity multiplied by gross profit, is new and is supported by an algebraic proof. This is an advance on the advertising/sales budgeting rule, and a replacement for the long-established Dorfman-Steiner theorem of optimal advertising.
Morning, Evening and Entire Lactation Milk Yield and Composition of Jersey Cows under Hot and Humid Tropical Environment of Nigeria

This study was carried out to assess the morning, evening and entire lactation milk yield and composition of pure bred Jersey cows at a commercial feedlot dairy farm located in Edu Local Government Area, Kwara State, Nigeria. Twelve primiparous lactating cows were selected for the experiment. Cows with similar initial daily milk yield were placed in the same treatment group. There were six treatment groups, with two cows per treatment in a completely randomized design experiment. The morning and evening milk yield, proximate and mineral composition of the milk were determined. The average morning, evening and total daily milk yield ranged from 2.46 to 7.24 kg/cow/day; 0.61 to 4.93 kg/cow/day and 2.46 to 12.17 kg/cow/day respectively. The entire lactation total milk yield ranged between 1803.50 to 2696.90 kg, and the lactation length ranged between 301 and 305 days. The average daily lactation milk yield ranged from 5.93 to 8.86 kg/cow/day. The ranges of 9.37 to 12.67% milk protein, 4.83 to 6.07% milk fat and 3.97 to 5.37% lactose were observed. Magnesium (33.33 to 78.33 mg/100 g) and calcium (226.67 to 383.33 mg/100 g) constituted the lowest and highest concentrations of milk minerals. The proximate and mineral composition of the colostrum was consistently highest and decreased gradually in the early, mid and late lactation milk. The results of this work showed that the feeding of high protein grass silage and concentrate diet to Jersey cows produced high average daily milk yield up to 12.17 kg/cow/day with milk protein range of 9.37 to 12.67% and milk fat range of 4.83 to 6.07%.
Social Ecological Model Analysis for ICT Integration

ICT integration of teacher preparation programmes was undertaken by the Australian Teaching Teachers for the Future (TTF) project in all 39 Australian teacher education institutions and highlighted the need for guidelines to inform systemic ICT integration approaches. A Social Ecological Model (SEM) was used to positively inform integration support efforts of individual academics through their personal, institutional, professional, societal and temporal perspectives on ICT integration. A pre-post test analysis using the SEM framework categorised the influence factors on each academic, determined the factor most likely to affect change in the integration of ICT in their curricula, and provided a dynamic measure of the likelihood of successful integration to inform the application of support measures and maximise institutional integration outcomes. Initial results suggest that the applied SEM model can be used to guide institutional ICT integration efforts.
THE FLAT MODEL STRUCTURE ON Ch(R)

Given a cotorsion pair (A,B) in an abelian category C with enough A objects and enough B objects, we define two cotorsion pairs in the category Ch(C) of unbounded chain complexes. We see that these two cotorsion pairs are related in a nice way when (A,B) is hereditary. We then show that both of these induced cotorsion pairs are complete when (A,B) is the “flat” cotorsion pair of R-modules. This proves the flat cover conjecture for (possibly unbounded) chain complexes and also gives us a new “flat” model category structure on Ch(R). In the last section we use the theory of model categories to show that we can define ExtR(M,N) using a flat resolution of M and a cotorsion coresolution of N .
Cumulative Prognostic Benefit of Classical Cardiovascular Risk Factors

Copyright © 2009 American Heart Association. All rights reserved. Print ISSN: 1941-3289. Online Dallas, TX 72514 Circulation: Heart Failure is published by the American Heart Association. 7272 Greenville Avenue, DOI: 10.1161/CIRCHEARTFAILURE.108. 825059 2009;2;563-571; originally published online Sep 24, 2009; Circ Heart Fail Michael T. Koller, Georg Ertl, Christiane E. Angermann and Stefan Störk Gülmisal Güder, Stefan Frantz, Johann Bauersachs, Bruno Allolio, Christoph Wanner, Prognostic Benefit of Classical Cardiovascular Risk Factors Reverse Epidemiology in Systolic and Nonsystolic Heart Failure: Cumulative http://circheartfailure.ahajournals. org/cgi/content/full/2/6/563 located on the World Wide Web at: The online version of this article, along with updated information and services, is
Digital Dermal Patterns in Carcinoma of Breast

KEYWORDS Finger prints, Dermatoglyphics, Neoplastic disease, Breast cancer. ABSTRACT Finger print patterns of 100 female patients of cancer of breast were compared with 100 matched controls accordingly. A pattern of six or more digital loops were identified more frequently in women with breast cancer than those without the disease (p 6 whorls are also significantly associated negatively with carcinoma of breast (χ2 =16.61, d f=1, p 6 whorls have a protective effect for carcinoma of breast. (OR=0.1319, 95% C.I. = 0.035-0.49). These findings suggest that the digital dermatoglyphics may have a future role in identifying women at increased risk for breast cancer.
Synthesis and Characterization of Soy-based Nanocomposites

Soy-based nanocomposites were synthesized using soy resin and montmorillonite clay. Two types of dispersion techniques, pneumatic and sonication, were carried out to disperse the nanoclay into the soy-based epoxy resin. Tensile testing of the nanocomposites showed that the nanoclay improved the modulus and the strength by 625% and 340%, respectively. Exfoliation of the nanoclay was investigated by X-ray diffraction. The curing mechanism of soy epoxy resin with different amounts of montmorillonite was studied using differential scanning calorimetry and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. Rheological measurements were also conducted to find the suitability of using the soy-based epoxy clay nanocomposites toward composite manufacturing applications. The dielectric constant and the loss factor were also investigated. These soy-based nanocomposites hold great promise as environmentally friendly and low cost materials for structural applications.
NUTRIENT CONCENTRATIONS AND YIELDS IN UNDEVELOPED STREAM BASINS OF THE UNITED STATES 1

ABSTRACT: Data from 85 sites across the United States were used to estimate concentrations and yields of selected nutrients in streams draining relatively undeveloped basins. Flow‐weighted concentrations during 1990–1995 were generally low with median basin concentrations of 0.020, 0.087, 0.26, 0.010, and 0.022 milligrams per liter (mg/L) for ammonia as N, nitrate as N, total nitrogen, orthophosphate as P, and total phosphorus, respectively. The flow‐weighted concentration of nitrate exceeded 0.6 mg/L in only three basins. Total nitrogen exceeded 1 mg/L in only four basins, and total phosphorus exceeded 0.1 mg/L in only four basins. The median annual basin yield of ammonia as N, nitrate as N, total nitrogen, orthophosphate as P, and total phosphorus was 8.1, 26, 86, 2.8, and 8.5 kilograms per square kilometer, respectively. Concentrations and yields of nitrate tended to be highest in northeastern and mid‐Atlantic coastal states and correlated well with areas of high atmospheric nitrogen deposition. Concentrations and yields of total nitrogen were highest in the southeastern part of the nation and in parts of the upper Midwest. In the northeast, nitrate was generally the predominant form of nitrogen, and in the southeast and parts of the upper Midwest, organic nitrogen was the dominant form. Concentrations of total phosphorus were generally highest in the Rocky Mountain and Central Plain states.
The development of a triple-channel separator for particle removal with self-pumping oscillating flow

The results of a new triple-channel separator with dual functions of fluid pumping and particle removal are presented in this paper. The separator was made through a MEMS fabrication process using only one photo mask. A valve-less micropump was connected to a triple-channel at a downstream position, and the oscillating flow in the micro-channel was produced by the micropump. An important characteristic of the separator is its oscillating flow, which produces two vortices at the trifurcate zone. These vortices served as obstacles to increase the flow resistance of the center channel. Based on the rotating direction of these vortices, the particles were driven towards side channels to achieve the removal effect. Micro-particle image velocimetry (μ-PIV) with an external trigger was used to measure the flow characteristics of the vortices. Streamtrace patterns were obtained at the trifurcate zone in a time period. Image processing was used to count the number of particles and to analyze the removal efficiency. The optimal removal efficiency (close to 100%) is obtained at a driving frequency of 1.5 kHz and a divaricated angle of 25°. This study indicates that the positions of the vortices provided improved removal performance with respect to the driving frequency of the PZT (piezoelectric zirconium titanate) plate and the divaricated angle of the triple-channel.
IAHS Decade on Predictions in Ungauged Basins (PUB), 2003–2012: Shaping an exciting future for the hydrological sciences

Abstract Drainage basins in many parts of the world are ungauged or poorly gauged, and in some cases existing measurement networks are declining. The problem is compounded by the impacts of human-induced changes to the land surface and climate, occurring at the local, regional and global scales. Predictions of ungauged or poorly gauged basins under these conditions are highly uncertain. The IAHS Decade on Predictions in Ungauged Basins, or PUB, is a new initiative launched by the International Association of Hydrological Sciences (IAHS), aimed at formulating and implementing appropriate science programmes to engage and energize the scientific community, in a coordinated manner, towards achieving major advances in the capacity to make predictions in ungauged basins. The PUB scientific programme focuses on the estimation of predictive uncertainty, and its subsequent reduction, as its central theme. A general hydrological prediction system contains three components: (a) a model that describes the key processes of interest, (b) a set of parameters that represent those landscape properties that govern critical processes, and (c) appropriate meteorological inputs (where needed) that drive the basin response. Each of these three components of the prediction system, is either not known at all, or at best known imperfectly, due to the inherent multi-scale space—time heterogeneity of the hydrological system, especially in ungauged basins. PUB will therefore include a set of targeted scientific programmes that attempt to make inferences about climatic inputs, parameters and model structures from available but inadequate data and process knowledge, at the basin of interest and/or from other similar basins, with robust measures of the uncertainties involved, and their impacts on predictive uncertainty. Through generation of improved understanding, and methods for the efficient quantification of the underlying multi-scale heterogeneity of the basin and its response, PUB will inexorably lead to new, innovative methods for hydrological predictions in ungauged basins in different parts of the world, combined with significant reductions of predictive uncertainty. In this way, PUB will demonstrate the value of data, as well as provide the information needed to make predictions in ungauged basins, and assist in capacity building in the use of new technologies. This paper presents a summary of the science and implementation plan of PUB, with a call to the hydrological community to participate actively in the realization of these goals.
Scheduling cricket umpires using neighbourhood search – the dramatic impact of a simple change in neighbourhood definition

This paper reports on experiences using a neighbourhood search approach for scheduling umpires for two amateur cricket leagues in England. Experimental analysis shows that the inclusion of a new type of perturbation in addition to the two types already in use leads to much improved results. Further analysis suggests that the perturbation types used are all of distinct meta-types, all of which are valuable in producing good solutions for complex combinatorial problems of this type.
Effect of solutes on dislocation motion — a phase-field simulation

Based on recent advances in phase-field models for integrating phase and defect microstructures as well as dislocation dynamics, the interactions between diffusional solutes and moving dislocations under applied stresses are studied in three dimensions. A new functional form for describing the eigenstrains of dislocations is proposed, eliminating the dependence of the magnitude of the dislocation Burgers vector on the applied stress and providing correct stress fields of dislocations. A relationship between the velocity of the dislocation and the applied stress is obtained by theoretical analysis and numerical simulations. The operation of Frank–Read sources in the presence of diffusional solutes, the effect of chemical interactions in solid solution on the equilibrium distribution of Cottrell atmosphere, and the drag effect of Cottrell atmosphere on dislocation motion are examined. The results demonstrate that the phase-field model correctly describes the long-range elastic interactions and short-range chemical interactions that control dislocation motion. # 2003 Published by Elsevier Ltd.
Psychiatric morbidity in elderly attenders at an accident and emergency department

The point prevalence of depression and dementia, their effect on length of admission and outcome and the extent to which they were detected by the attending doctor were assessed in 109 elderly patients presenting with physical illness at an accident and emergency department. Depression and dementia were assessed using the Brief Assessment Schedule (BAS). Twenty‐seven percent were found to be depressed and 16% demented. The only feature associated with depression was female gender. Depressed patients stayed in hospital significantly longer and had a worse outcome at 14 days than patients not depressed. This was independent of the severity of their physical illness. Only 10% of the psychiatric morbidity was detected by the attending doctor.
Structural and competitive determinants of a global integration strategy

Both structural determinants and competitive factors can work to define the relevant environment for strategy formulation within an industry. This study examines the effects of each of these two sets of factors on global integration strategies, and finds that their impacts vary considerably from one industry to another. The study also investigates the relationship between a business's global integration strategy and its performance, using an industry-specific perspective. In the aggregate, the businesses studied appear to be under-globalized. However, this relationship varied significantly by industry ; four of the industries studied appeared to be under-globalized, while the remaining three industries were at or near an optimal level of globalization.
Towards a Conceptual Model for Brazilian Popular Music Representation

Popular music is a valued component of Brazilian national heritage because it reflects local traditions and produces records of current social and cultural organization. Despite the importance of popular music to Brazilian heritage, many sources of information regarding this music have interoperability problems and are unable to meet all users’ information needs. Most systems for classifying musical information applied to Brazilian popular music are adaptations that hinder the management of this repertoire. In this article it is discussed a specific representation for Brazilian popular music in the form of a conceptual model in order to communicate its nuances and enable the derivation of application models for different areas, such as Museology and Librarianship.