Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The monetary policy of the South African Reserve Bank: stance, communication and credibility

This paper analyses the evolution of the monetary policy stance, communication and credibility of the South African Reserve Bank (SARB) since 2000, when it adopted a flexible Inflation Targeting (IT) regime to facilitate the achievement of its price stability mandate. Empirical results indicate that the stance became accommodative after the global financial crisis of 2009, with a tendency of the implicit inflation target to increase, while after 2014 it turned tighter and the implicit target started declining. In addition, after the crisis the monetary policy has become less active, with a lower response of policy rates to output and inflation gaps, partially explained with the extension of the mandate to include financial stability. At the same time, applying Natural Language Processing techniques to the SARB monetary policy statements shows a move towards a more â€˜forward-lookingâ€™ and balanced communication strategy, complementing to some extent the less frequent changes of monetary policy rates. Finally, the behavior of market interest rates and inflation expectations shows that monetary policy has been gradually better at anchoring expectations, especially in the last few years. The analysis helps to understand the interaction between policy, communication and credibility by showing a consistent picture across all different aspects of monetary policy making.
Efficacy and safety of adding alirocumab to rosuvastatin versus adding ezetimibe or doubling the rosuvastatin dose in high cardiovascular-risk patients

Objective: To compare lipid-lowering efficacy of adding alirocumab to rosuvastatin versus other treatment strategies (NCT01730053). Methods: Patients receiving baseline rosuvastatin regimens (10 or 20 mg) were randomized to: add-on alirocumab 75 mg every-2-weeks (Q2W) (1-mL subcutaneous injection via pre-filled pen); add-on ezetimibe 10 mg/day; or double-dose rosuvastatin. Patients had cardiovascular disease (CVD) and lowdensity lipoprotein cholesterol (LDLeC) 70 mg/dL (1.8 mmol/L) or CVD risk factors and LDLeC 100 mg/dL (2.6 mmol/L). In the alirocumab group, dose was blindly increased at Week 12 to 150 mg Q2W (also 1-mL volume) in patients not achieving their LDLeC target. Primary endpoint was percent change in calculated LDLeC from baseline to 24 weeks (intent-to-treat). Results: 305 patients were randomized. In the baseline rosuvastatin 10 mg group, significantly greater LDLeC reductions were observed with add-on alirocumab ( 50.6%) versus ezetimibe ( 14.4%; p < 0.0001) and double-dose rosuvastatin ( 16.3%; p < 0.0001). In the baseline rosuvastatin 20 mg group, LDLeC reduction with add-on alirocumab was 36.3% compared with 11.0% with ezetimibe and 15.9% with double-dose rosuvastatin (p 1⁄4 0.0136 and 0.0453, respectively; pre-specified threshold for significance p < 0.0125). Overall, ~80% alirocumab patients were maintained on 75 mg Q2W. Of alirocumab-treated patients, 84.9% and 66.7% in the baseline rosuvastatin 10 and 20 mg groups, respectively, achieved risk-based LDLeC targets. Treatment-emergent adverse events occurred in 56.3% of alirocumab patients versus 53.5% ezetimibe and 67.3% double-dose rosuvastatin (pooled data). Conclusions: The addition of alirocumab to rosuvastatin provided incremental LDLeC lowering versus adding ezetimibe or doubling the rosuvastatin dose. © 2015 Regeneron Pharmaceuticals, Inc. Published by Elsevier Ireland Ltd. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/). t de la Nation, 21000, Dijon,
The influence of family background on the access to Technical and Vocational Education

Resumo Este artigo apresenta uma investigação acerca da influência que as variáveis de background familiar (escolaridade do pai, escolaridade da mãe e renda familiar) exercem sobre o desempenho de um estudante, candidato às vagas dos processos de seleção em uma instituição de Ensino Técnico Federal brasileira. A pesquisa consistiu em analisar a influência do background familiar, como determinante de desempenho do aluno, no acesso ao Ensino Técnico Profissional brasileiro. Para conduzir essa investigação foram utilizados dados secundários, totalizando 19.226 observações. Buscando alcançar o objetivo proposto, formulou-se um modelo conceitual composto por 3 hipóteses. Os resultados são apresentados em 3 etapas: etapa I - separação dos campi em clusters; etapa II - análise das regressões múltiplas; e etapa III - análise das regressões logísticas. As hipóteses 1 e 2 foram confirmadas e a Hipótese 3, refutada. Os resultados apresentaram um efeito positivo das variáveis renda familiar e escolaridade do pai, mas sem significância estatística para a variável escolaridade mãe.
Application of nanotechnologies in the diagnostic of human papillomavirus

1 Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Agronomy, Mendel University in Brno, Zemedelska 1, CZ-613 00 Brno, Czech Republic, European Union; 2 Central European Institute of Technology, Brno University of Technology, Technicka 3058/10, CZ-616 00 Brno, Czech Republic, European Union; 3 Department of Traumatology at the Medical Faculty, Masaryk University and Trauma Hospital of Brno, Ponavka 6, CZ-662 50 Brno, Czech Republic, European Union;
An exploratory study on nurses and doctors attitudes and knowledge of pain management in a Greek hospital

The current study explores the attitudes and knowledge of Greek health professionals (nurses and doctors) in the management of pain. Quantitative non-experimental methodology was implemented based on McCaffery‘s questionnaire with regards nurses attitudes of pain management to conduct the study. The study was carried out in Greece at the city of Ioannina in the laboratory of Medical Psychology of the University of Ioannina. The data collection commenced in January 2006 and lasted until July 2006. A total of 422 doctors and nurses all of Greek background constituted the sample. The results of the survey revealed that the Greek health professionals demonstrated insufficient knowledge of pain management, which consequently influenced their attitude of effectively treating pain. Hence, leading to ineffective pain management and consequently indicating the need for continuous professional development and knowledge enhancement of Greek health professionals with regards the management of pain.
Effect of alteplase thrombolysis sequenced by low molecular heparin calcium antithrombosis on the neurological function and serum cytokines in patients with cerebral infarction

Acute cerebral infarction is a clinical common type of stroke, atherosclerosis and thrombosis are the basic pathological characteristics of the disease, and early recanalization of intracranial artery and making ischemic brain tissue obtain blood reperfusion is the key to improve the prognosis[1,2]. Thrombolytic therapy is a common reperfusion treatment for acute cerebral infarction, and recombinant tissue-type plasminogen activator (rt-Pa) alteplase is the second generation of thrombolytic drug that can the specifically activate plasminogen, dissolve thrombus and restore brain tissue perfusion[3]. However, the broken emboli after thrombolytic therapy can move to the distal blood vessels with blood flow and increase the early reocclusion of the blood vessels. Therefore, anticoagulant or antiplatelet agents are required after thrombolytic therapy. Low molecular heparin is the drug with strong antithrombotic effects, low molecular heparin therapy was provided after alteplase thrombolysis in the study, and the effect of alteplase thrombolysis sequenced by low molecular heparin calcium antithrombosis on the neurological function and serum cytokines in patients with cerebral infarction was analyzed specifically.
Cold spray for reducing venopuncture pain in hemodialysis patients; a randomized double-blinded controlled trial

Introduction: The pain due to cannulation and needle insertion into blood vessels becomes problematic among patients suffering hemodialysis. Objectives: The present study aimed to assess the pain relieving effects of cooling sprays among patients undergoing hemodialysis. Patients and Methods: Eighty patients aged higher than 18 years who were on chronic hemodialysis were randomly assigned into two groups including the group received cooling spray for relieving pain (n = 40) and the group received stilled water as placebo (n = 40). In the intervention group and in a hemodialysis session, 2 puffs of the Cramer Cold Spray were sprayed 30 seconds before the cannulation. The pain severity was assessed by the visual analogue scale (VAS) method. Results: The mean of pain severity score was not different between the intervention and control group before intervention, however after intervention, the patients in the intervention group experienced milder pain due to cannulation as compared to control group (3.28 ± 1.13 versus 5.30 ± 1.76; P < 0.001). Interviewing with the patients receiving cooling spray showed willingness to the use of spray in 87.5% of cases. The local complication due to the use of cold spray was revealed only in 5% of patients. Conclusion: The use of cooling spray in hemodialysis patients can reduce the pain caused by needle insertion. This method can be routinely used as a non-pharmacological pain relief method to reduce pain in hemodialysis patients
Effect of Selected Nursing Intervention on Clinical Outcomes among Patients with Nasogastric Tube in Intensive Care Units

Although early enteral feeding is a primary recommendation for critically ill patients, it may be considered a risk factor for high gastric residual volume, vomiting and abdominal distension that may indicate feeding intolerance. Abdominal massage is a nursing intervention that has been found to increase Serotonin level, vagal activity and gastric motility and hence reduce feeding intolerance. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of selected nursing intervention (abdominal massage) on clinical outcomes among patients with nasogastric tube in Intensive Care Units. Subjects: A purposive sample of all available adult patients (70) with nasogastric tube and meet the inclusion criteria. Setting: The study was conducted at four intensive care units of Menoufia University hospital. Tools of the study: Two tools were utilized for data collection as follow; Tool I: Structural interviewing questionnaire and Tool II: Biophysiological measurement. Results: Gastric residual volume, frequency of vomiting and abdominal distension were analyzed for both groups and statistical significant improvements were found among study group than their control during third day versus first day in which the mean change of gastric residual volume during third day compared to first day at 8.30 P.M decreased by 4.74 ± 28.87 for study group but increased by 0.97± 7.62 for control group. The mean change of abdominal circumference at 3rd day than 1st day at 8.30 P.M decreased by 5.09±5.90 for study group and by 0.83±5.55 for control group. The frequency of vomiting episodes was significantly reduced among study group than control group during the third day at all times of follow up (77.1% versus 48.6% respectively didn’t have vomiting). Conclusion: abdominal massage was effective in reducing gastric residual volume, frequency of vomiting episodes and abdominal distension among critically ill patients with nasogastric tube. Recommendations: A written updated educational protocol of abdominal massage supplemented by an illustrative booklet should be available and applied for critically ill patients with nasogastric tube.
A NEO-DIVERSITY GROUP OF ORYZA SATIVA L. SSP. JAPONICA IN NORTHEASTERN CHINA EVALUATED BY LARGE-EFFECT SNPs

Rice breeding on the subspecies Oryza sativa L. ssp. japonica in northeastern China has been successful over a relatively short time. However, little is known about how the genetic structure of japonica has diverged as a result of artificial selection. In the present study, 189 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) markers from gene coding regions were selected to characterize the diversity, phylogeny and population structure of four breeding groups in northeastern China, viz. modern japonica, historical japonica, exotic japonica, and indica varieties. Results suggested that the neo-diversity of japonica has formed gradually through introgression from other gene resources during the breeding selection. The genetic diversity (π) of modern japonica was lowest compared with historical japonica, exotic japonica and indica varieties, which implies a genetic bottleneck caused by the breeding selection. Population structure and phylogeny analysis proved that the modern japonica was independent of the historical japonica and exotic japonica groups.
Adaptive Test Selection for Factorization-based Surrogate Fitness in Genetic Programming

Abstract Genetic programming (GP) is a variant of evolutionary algorithm where the entities undergoing simulated evolution are computer programs. A fitness function in GP is usually based on a set of tests, each of which defines the desired output a correct program should return for an exemplary input. The outcomes of interactions between programs and tests in GP can be represented as an interaction matrix, with rows corresponding to programs in the current population and columns corresponding to tests. In previous work, we proposed SFIMX, a method that performs only a fraction of interactions and employs non-negative matrix factorization to estimate the outcomes of remaining ones, shortening GP’s runtime. In this paper, we build upon that work and propose three extensions of SFIMX, in which the subset of tests drawn to perform interactions is selected with respect to test difficulty. The conducted experiment indicates that the proposed extensions surpass the original SFIMX on a suite of discrete GP benchmarks.
Giving up your privacy for free after Snowden Preliminary version , please do not quote

The massive collection of personal data revealed by Snowden in June 2013 has focused the attention of individuals on possible misuses of personal data. The event represents a natural experiment to study individuals’ privacy behaviors. We exploit this to investigate whether after these revelations, individuals feel more or less comfortable with the fact that some Internet companies provide access to free services in exchange for personal data. We analyze individual data collected in Europe before and after Snowden’s revelations, and we estimate acceptance using pooled cross section. To measure the effect of being informed about the collection of personal data, we use propensity score matching. We find that the revelations of collection of personal data has reduced the probability that individuals mind providing personal data for free services.
1 Does Wikipedia dispense with the need for WordNet ? —

This paper describes the compilation of hypernym hierachies from the Japanese Wikipedia (Sumida et al., 2008). It then compares the Wikipedia-derived hypernyms and the lemmas from the Japanese WordNet (Bond et al., 2008; Bond et al., 2009) by determining how many matches there are at which levels. The results show that the two data sources contain different information. This means that the Wikipedia-derived data and manually crafted data like WordNet (Fellbaum, 1998) are best understood as complementary to each other. 1 Does Wikipedia dispense with the need for WordNet? — Introduction Data of various kinds acquired from Wikipedia1) is gaining popularity in NLP and related areas of research. One reason for this is that Wikipedia provides us with broad coverage. No other freely available linguistic resource can match its breadth. It is often claimed that this is evidence for the triumph of “collective intelligence. ” Radical enthusiasts of Wikipedia even go on to claim that researchers in NLP and SemanticWeb no longer need WordNet (WN) (Fellbaum, 1998). 2) They allude to the superiority of Wikipedia-derived data over manually crafted data like WN in terms of development ease, speed, and cost as well as coverage. WN comes with precision endorsed by psychological reality that most WWW-derived data lacks, but some people also tend to criticize the subjective nature of the word senses that WN specify, no matter how finegrained its sense distinctions are. All in all, they seem to try to dismiss WN-like lexical resources 1)Wikipedia: The Free Encyclopedia, http: //wikipedia.org/. 2)In http://www.mkbergman. com/417/99wikipedia-sources-aiding-the-semantic-web/ (retrieved on 2009/12/01) for example, you can find a bold claim like: “Wikipedia has arguably replaced WordNet as the leading lexicon for concepts and relations. Because of its scope and popularity, many argue that Wikipedia is emerging as the de facto structure for classifying and organizing knowledge in the 21st century. ”. by suggesting that they are outdated in the age of WWW. And here comes the crucial question, Does Wikipedia dispense with the need for WordNet? In this paper, we argue that the answer is No, suggesting that we should make a good compromise. We show that lexical hierarchies derived from the Japanese Wikipedia are not as well articulated as the upper ontology of Japanese WordNet. This allows us to presume that the hypernym set of language L obtained from the Wikipedia of L is poor compared to the WN of L. Under this assumption, the WN and the Wikipedia of language L are best understood to be complementary in the following way: The WN of L specifies the mapping between an upper ontology to lexical items, w1, w2, . , wn, of L. The conceptual hierarchies distilled from the Wikipedia written in L specify links to named entities described in w1, w2, . , wn of L.
Number : Title : Protein Function Prediction as a Graph-Transduction Game Article Type : SI : AppGTPR Keywords : Protein function prediction ; graph transduction ; game theory Corresponding

Motivated by the observation that network-based methods for the automatic prediction of protein functions can greatly benefit from exploiting both the similarity between proteins and the similarity between functional classes (as encoded, e.g., in the Gene Ontology), in this paper we propose a novel approach to the problem which is based on the notion of a “graph transduction game. ” We envisage a (non-cooperative) game, played over a graph, where the players (graph vertices) represent proteins, the functional classes correspond to the (pure) strategies, and proteinand function-level similarities are combined into a suitable payoff function. Within this formulation, Nash equilibria turn out to provide consistent functional labelings of proteins, and we use classical replicator dynamics from evolutionary game theory to find them. To test the effectiveness of our approach we conducted experiments on five different organisms and three ontologies, and the results obtained show that our approach compares favorably with state-of-the-art algorithms. c © 2017 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
Chapter 3 SCHIZOAFFECTIVE PSYCHOSIS AND SCHIZOPHRENIA WITH-OR WITHOUT AFFECTIVE SYNDROME : A COMPARATIVE CLINICAL , NEUROPSYCHOLOGICAL AND MOLECULAR-GENETIC STUDY

Schizoaffective disorder (SA) is a nosological category included in many classifications of diseases, i.e. ICD-10 and DSM-IV. Main diagnostic features of the disorder are combination of schizophrenic and affective symptoms and favorable outcome. However an overlap of these criteria with both affective disorders and schizophrenia challenges the diagnostic validity of SA (Welner 1977; Tsuang & Simpson 1984). Multiple studies have been devoted to elucidation whether SA was a separate clinical entity or it should be considered as schizoaffective syndrome in clinical presentation of the above mentioned illnesses. Several hypotheses on the nature of schizoaffective psychosis have been delineated (Brockington & Meltzer 1983; Marneros 2003), according to which the disorder was supposed (1) to be a variant or an expression of either schizophrenia or affective psychosis; (2) to occur as a result of comorbidity of schizophrenia with mood disorders and (3) to be a piece of the spectrum of clinical states from “pure” schizophrenia to “pure affective psychosis”. To test these hypotheses, different designs were explored. Most often, researchers compared schizoaffective psychosis with schizophrenia and bipolar disorder with or without psychotic symptoms (Evans 1999; Benabarre 2001; Marneros 2004; Averill 2004). More detailed models analyzed a broader range of states, in particular those comprising various
Occurrence of various b-lactamase enzyme producing Enterobacteriaceae in the hospital effluent : a wake-up call

Background: Enterobacteriaceae producing extended-spectrum b-lactamase (ESBL), AmpC, and metallo-b-lactamases (MBL) have been increasingly reported worldwide. These organisms usually exhibit multidrug resistance that is not always detected in routine susceptibility tests. This leads to uncontrolled spread of ESBLand AmpC-producing organisms and related treatment failures. Hence, detection of ESBL, AmpC, and MBL is important in the routine clinical laboratory.
Knowledge, Attitude and Self-Care Practice towards Control of Hypertension among Hypertensive Patients on Follow-up at St. Paul's Hospital, Addis Ababa

Background Hypertension is the number one cardiovascular risk factor and the leading cause of mortality worldwide. It's the driver of the cardiovascular disease epidemic in Africa where it is a major, independent risk factor for heart failure, stroke and renal failure. There is no study to assess the level of knowledge of hypertension among hypertensive patients in our setup. The objective of this study was to assess knowledge, attitude and selfcare practice towards control of hypertension among hypertensive patients on follow up at our hospital. Methods A total of 385 hypertensive patients who were on follow up at our hospital were randomly selected for interview. The Sociodemographic and relevant clinical data were extracted using a structured questionnaire. Operational definitions and Likert scale was used to compare the variables. Results Only 48.6% of hypertensive patients participated in this study have good basic knowledge of hypertension, 47.8% of them have good attitude and only 39.5% of the study participants have good practice towards control of hypertension. Male sex, formal education and being urban resident are associated with better knowledge, attitude and self-care practice of hypertensive patients at our hospital. Conclusion The result states that there is an inadequate knowledge about hypertension; as well attitude and self-care practice towards control of hypertension among our hypertensive patients is generally poor. Responsible bodies should focus on addressing such limitations of hypertensive patients. Attention should be given to hypertensive patients who are females, low educational level and those coming from rural.
Brain Injury in Neonatal Hypoglycemia: A Hospital-Based Cohort Study

Background: Neonatal hypoglycemia is more prevalent and can cause severe neurological sequelae. The objective of this study was to assess the patterns of neuroradiologic changes in neonatal hypoglycemia. Methods: A retrospective cohort study was conducted on 66 neonatal hypoglycemia patients, and the magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and clinical records were reviewed. Results: Magnetic resonance imaging showed evidences of abnormality in 54.54% (36 of 66) of hypoglycemic infants. The most common abnormal findings were located on the parietal and occipital lobes of the brains. The number of days with hypoglycemia was significantly higher for abnormal MRI infants (P < .001), and prolonged/recurrent hypoglycemia was remarkably distinguished for abnormal MRI infants (P < .001). Patients with abnormal MRI findings did not have a lower blood glucose than infants without abnormal MRI findings (P > .05), but the lowest blood glucose was significantly lower for the patients with seizures (P < .01). Conclusions: The pattern of bilateral occipital cortical injury is the most common abnormality for neonatal hypoglycemia. The number of days with hypoglycemia, not the lower blood glucose, was significantly related to abnormal MRI infants.