Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Distinctive Capabilities and Performance: Empirical Evidence from Malaysian SMEs

Despite the general notion that distinctive capabilities are crucial to the success affirms, empirical studies that focused on this strategic variable in SMEs remains limited. This study seeks to address this research issue by empirically investigating 100 SMEs in the Malaysian manufacturing sector. The findings of the study suggest that the SMEs studied established capabilities in several business functional areas. In addition, the results of the correlations indicate statistically significant positive relationship between distinctive capabilities and the performance of the SMEs in this study.
Safety and Efficacy of Fremanezumab for the Prevention of Migraine: a Meta-analysis from Random Clinical Trails

Background Fremanezumab (TEV-48125) is a fully humanized immunoglobulin G isotype 2a selective monoclonal antibody that potently binds to calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP). It is one of novel therapeutic drugs for the prevention of migraine, which is one of the most common neurological diseases worldwide. Several clinical trails have been conducted to investigate the safety and efficacy of fremanezumab, but there is no systematic review of existing literature has been performed. Hence, we performed a meta-analysis to investigate the efficacy and safety of fremanezumab for prevention of migraine. Method Pubmed (MEDLINE), Embase, and Cochrane Library were searched from January 2001 to August 2019 for randomized controlled trials (RCTs). Five RCTs with 3379 patients were finally included in our study. Result We pooled 3379 patients from 5 RCTs, the primary endpoints were mean monthly migraine and headache days, baseline to week 12. We found that fremanezumab led to a significant reduction in migraine days (P < 0.0001) and headache days (P < 0.0001) during 12 weeks compared with placebo. In addition, after using fremanezumab, the risk of at least one adverse event (P=0.001) or related to the trail regimen (P=0.0005) significantly increase compared with placebo. Conclusions Fremanezumab has good efficacy for the prevention of migraine. The administration of fremanezumab can cause some mild adverse events but not serious adverse events.
Epstein Barr Virus genome variation and functional analysis of the IR-1 internal repeat

Epstein Barr Virus (EBV), a human gammaherpesvirus, establishes lifelong infection in B lymphocytes and is associated with a variety of malignancies including; Hodgkin’s lymphoma, Burkitt’s lymphoma and nasopharyngeal carcinoma. Due to the di↵erences in geographical prevalence and expression patterns of EBV associated malignancies, it has been hypothesised that variation between EBV strains contributes to these malignancies. To investigate the natural variation of EBV strains, isolates were either collected or donated by contributors from a variety of sources; such as saliva, cell lines and tumour biopsies, which following DNA extraction and quantification, were Next-Generation sequenced. Analysis of saliva isolates determined that 50% of isolates were co-infected with both type 1 and type 2 strains and, type 2 strains although most commonly found in Sub-Saharan Africa, were found to be the predominant strain within some British Caucasian individuals. Highly polymorphic proteins, EBNA-1 and LMP-1, were characterised into subtypes and following analysis, found to be both geographically and ethnically associated but not cancer associated. Certain EBNA-1 and LMP-1 subtypes were found to be linked and polymorphisms throughout the EBNA-1 protein were associated with specific 487 codons. Most of the EBV genome has been characterised but the complete function of the large internal repeat (IR-1), which typically consists of 5-8 copies of a 3 kilo base repeat unit, remains unclear. This repeat array is known to contain the latency promoter Wp, used initially during B cell infection, and the W1 and W2 exons which make up the repeat region of the EBNA-LP protein. Other components of the IR-1; the BWRF1 open reading frame and a 512bp inverted repeat both remain uncharacterised. Through the production of an inverted repeat knockout ( invR) B95-8 EBV BAC, this study found that the inverted repeat is essential for B cell immortalisation and plays a role in virus production.
Effect of Hydrothermal Treatment and Chemical Deactivation on the Activity of Cu-SSZ-13 in NH3-SCR

The effect of hydrothermal treatment and chemical deactivation on the Ammonia Selective Catalytic Reduction (NH3-SCR) with Cu-SSZ-13 zeolite as the catalyst has been studied. The Cu-SSZ-13 samples were first hydrothermally treated at 730 °C for 13h and then subsequently individually impregnated via Wet Impregnation method with the chosen chemical species, with either Ca, P, Pt or Zn. The samples were characterized with XRD, IR, UV-Vis and/or N2 physisorption methods and catalytic tests were performed under the Standard SCR reaction conditions within a temperature range of 150-450 °C. Hydrothermal treatment caused considerable catalyst deactivation due to clustering of the catalytically active Cu2+ ion to inactive Cu oxides. Impregnation with Pt caused formation of Pt0 on the hydrothermally treated Cu-SSZ-13 catalyst which resulted in severe loss in the reaction selectivity. P-impregnation caused complete deactivation of the Cu-SSZ-13 up to reaction temperature of 350 °C due to unidentified P-species. Ca and Zn impregnations resulted in less severe catalyst deactivation than the P and Pt impregnations. For Ca, presence of Ca2+ was observed but the deactivating species was not definitely identified while for the Zn-impregnation catalyst deactivation was caused by the formed ZnO.
CarbMetSim: A discrete-event simulator for carbohydrate metabolism in humans

This paper describes CarbMetSim, a discrete-event simulator that tracks the blood glucose level of a person in response to a timed sequence of diet and exercise activities. CarbMetSim implements broader aspects of carbohydrate metabolism in human beings with the objective of capturing the average impact of various diet/exercise activities on the blood glucose level. Key organs (stomach, intestine, portal vein, liver, kidney, muscles, adipose tissue, brain and heart) are implemented to the extent necessary to capture their impact on the production and consumption of glucose. Key metabolic pathways (glucose oxidation, glycolysis and gluconeogenesis) are accounted for in the operation of different organs. The impact of insulin and insulin resistance on the operation of various organs and pathways is captured in accordance with published research. CarbMetSim provides broad flexibility to configure the insulin production ability, the average flux along various metabolic pathways and the impact of insulin resistance on different aspects of carbohydrate metabolism. The simulator does not yet have a detailed implementation of protein and lipid metabolism.
Atoms in micron-sized metallic and dielectric waveguides

Over the past ten years, our group has investigated the effects of confinement on atoms inside metallic micron–sized cavities in order to elucidate some basic phenomena in the field of cavity quantum electrodynamics (QED). The first of these was the inhibition of spontaneous emission from an atom inside a cavity. This was followed by a laser spectroscopic measurement of the van der Waals interaction between a single Rydberg atom and a gold cavity, which showed that a simple electrostatic model of the atom–cavity interaction is correct when the cavity is small enough. More recently, the retarded Casimir–Polder force was measured between a ground state sodium atom and a large cavity, demonstrating that the van der Waals potential fails at long enough range and that the vacuum fluctuations of the field then have an important role in the interaction of the atom with the cavity. Our group is now pushing forward these investigations to study cavities whose walls have losses and dispersion, where the theory of cavity QED is significantly more complicated. With real surfaces, we have to deal with the complex dielectric response &egr;(&ohgr;) of the material, which exhibits frequency–dependent absorption and dispersion. One particularly interesting case is when a downward transition in the atom is resonant with an excitation of the cavity walls. This opens a new branch for the atomic decay: as an alternative to creating a photon within the space surrounded by the cavity walls the atomic decay can now create an electromagnetic excitation of the walls themselves. Another novel feature of our experiments is that the Bohr frequencies of the atom are close to the kT/h, where T is room temperature. We therefore expect to be able to measure effects associated with QED at finite temperature; in other words, to study how the blackbody radiation affects our experiments. By conducting experiments with real surfaces, we hope to elucidate and perhaps simplify the theoretical models used to describe these systems.
On the Variation of the Parametrization of Rainfall Rate Estimation by dual polarization Techniques

* Corresponding author address: Martin Hagen, Deutsches Zentrum fur Luftund Raumfahrt (DLR), Institut fur Physik der Atmosphare, Oberpfaffenhofen, 82234 Wesling, Germany; e-mail: martin.hagen@dlr.de Figure 1. Effect of different axis-ratio parametrizations on the retrieval of the rain rate with a Z-Z -R relation. DR 11B.3 ON THE VARIATION OF THE PARAMETRIZATION OF RAINFALL RATE ESTIMATION BY DUAL POLARIZATION TECHNIQUES
Fee-Shifting Bylaws: An Empirical Analysis

Shareholder litigation has long played a central but highly controversial role in American corporate governance. In 2014, the Delaware Supreme Court took a step that had the potential to dramatically reduce the amount of such litigation. In its landmark decision in ATP Tour, Inc. v. Deutscher Tennis Bund, the court embraced the legality of so-called fee-shifting bylaws. Such bylaws typically require plaintiff-shareholders to bear a corporation’s litigation expenses if their suit does not succeed. Only a year later, however, the Delaware legislature overruled ATP by promulgating a ban on fee-shifting provisions. From a policy perspective, the crucial question is whether allowing fee-shifting bylaws benefits shareholders. Although many scholars have weighed in on this issue, no empirical study has examined the ATP decision’s impact on shareholder wealth. This article fills that gap. Using a hand-collected data set on fee-shifting provisions, I show that the legalization of fee-shifting bylaws reduced shareholder wealth.
Enzymatic degradation of the cornea to develop an experimental model for keratoconus: Biomechanical and optical characterisation

The cornea is the transparent front part of the eye that covers the iris, pupil, and anterior chamber. It is composed of five layers, in which the stroma is the thickest layer (approximately 90% of corneal thickness) that consists mainly of laminated collagen fibrils associated with proteoglycans. The cornea acts as the eye’s outermost lens that is accounted for approximately two-thirds of the eye's total optical power. Like other lenses, the cornea’s geometrical characteristics, such as the curvature, are important to maintain its functions for clear and stable vision. These geometrical characteristics are highly affected by the biomechanical properties of the cornea. For example, in keratoconus, the cornea is characterised by a progressive and localised thinning in corneal thickness, which is associated with a reduction in stiffness and other biomechanical properties. These alterations happen at the collagenous network, which is mainly responsible for the biomechanical features of the cornea, and are mostly attributed to genetic factors and abnormal enzymatic activity. Histological and biochemical studies suggested the role of amylase and collagenase activities in degradation of collagenous network and progression of keratoconus. However, the role of amylase and collagenase on biomechanical and optical properties have not been investigated. In this study, in vitro enzymatic degradation of porcine corneas was conducted with varying concentrations of α-amylase and collagenase (crude and purified) enzymes for different incubation periods. Several techniques, including atomic force microscopy, nanoindentation and optical coherence tomography, were utilised to assess the effect of the enzymes on biomechanical of corneal tissue at macroscale, microscale and nanoscale levels. Corneal transparency and absorption following enzymatic incubation were also measured using spectrophotometry. The biomechanical techniques that were utilised indicated that amylase and collagenase decrease corneal stiffness and thickness following incubation the corneas with amylase and collagenase. Further reduction in biomechanical properties and thickness of the corneas was found with increased enzymes concentrations and incubation periods. Corneal transparency was increased following incubation with the enzymes. The results suggest depletion of proteoglycans by amylase and digestion of collagen fibrils by collagenase. These results were used to propose an animal biomechanical model for keratoconus.
The Landscape of KMT2A-PTD AML: Concurrent Mutations, Gene Expression Signatures, and Clinical Outcome

Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) patients with partial tandem The partial-tandem duplications within KMT2A result in induplications (PTDs) in the Mixed Lineage Leukemia (MLL) officially known as the Lysine (K)-specific Methyltransferase 2A (KMT2A) gene, generally have adverse outcomes. Previous mouse studies have shown that Kmt2a-ptd is insufficient to cause AML, indicating additional mutations are required for leukemogenesis. Herein, we evaluated the mutational landscape, gene expression signatures and prognosis ofKMT2A-PTD adult AML in comparison to a well-characterized adult AML cohort without KMT2A-PTD. Our study demonstrates that KMT2A-PTD AML has a distinct gene expression signature and that concomitant DNMT3A and NRAS mutations were associated with adverse clinical outcome in this subset of AML. AML patients with KMT2A-PTD is characterized by an internal duplication spanning exon 3 to 9, exon 3 to 10, or exon 3 to 11 (Fig. S1A, Supplemental Digital Content 1, http://links.lww. com/HS/A25). KMT2A-PTDs occur in 3.2 to 11% of adult de novo AML and are more frequently present in AML with normal cytogenetics andAMLwith trisomy of chromosome 11 as a sole cytogenetic aberration. The presence of a KMT2A-PTD has been shown to associate with adverse outcome in AML.
Sifilis Pada Kehamilan

Sifilis adalah penyakit infeksi menular seksual disebabkan bakteri Treponema pallidumdapat ditularkan melalui hubungan seksual, transfusi darah, dan vertikal dari ibu ke janin. Jika perempuan hamil menderita sifilis dapat terjadi infeksi transplasenta ke janin sehingga menyebabkan keguguran, lahir prematur, berat badan lahir rendah, lahir mati, atau sifilis kongenital. Diagnosis sifilis pada kehamilan ditegakkan berdasaranamnesis,manifestasi klinis, pemeriksaanlaboratorik, danserologik. Skrining pada trimester pertama dengan tes non-treponema seperti rapid plasma reagin(RPR) atau venereal disease research laboratory(VDRL) kombinasi dengan tes treponema seperti treponema pallidum hemagglutination assay(TPHA) merupakan hal penting pada setiap perempuan hamil. Manifestasi klinis sifilis ke janin bergantung pada usia kehamilan dan stadium sifilis maternal serta respons imun janin. Deteksi dini dan terapi adekuat penting untuk mencegah transmisi infeksi sifilis dari ibu ke janin.
Smoking as a Preventable Risk Factor for Rheumatoid Arthritis: Rationale for Smoking Cessation Treatment in Patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic inflammatory disease of multifactorial etiology. Smoking is considered one of the most established environmental risk factors for RA development and severity. A large proportion of patients with RA have a high prevalence of smoking history. Previous studies have provided evidence suggesting that smoking is associated with the development of RA. Smoking has been associated with several pathogenic mechanisms on RA development such as oxidative stress, inflammation, and epigenetic changes. There is a need for public health campaigns to educate the public regarding these risks and preventive measures that reduce smoking are essential and may result in a decline in RA incidence. Encouragement of smoking cessation is especially warranted in relatives of patients with RA. Recently, RA-specific smoking cessation interventions have been developed. This review will summarize the knowledge accumulated to date concerning associations between smoking and RA. (J Rheum Dis 2019;26:12-19)
Medicinal Natural Drug of Valerian (Valerina Officinalis): An- Over Review

Valerian (Valeriana officinalis) belonging to valerianaceae family is a well-known herb and medicinal plant that has been widely used all over the world especially in Europe, China and Middle East. It is widely used as a sleep aid and sedative in many parts of the world but is also known to relax smooth muscle, hence used for treating stomach and intestine cramps. Alkaloids, terpenes, organic acids and its derivatives, valepotriates and flavones are the known pharmacologically active compounds found in valerian extract. In general, it is accepted that the valepotriates are the compounds responsible for the sedative activity of the Valerianaceae. The present article aims at reviewing the recent reports on its constituents, traditional use, clinical use and scientific verification of pharmacological actions of valerian.
Wiring and information processing in the olfactory bulb of larval Xenopus laevis

Olfactory systems of vertebrates have adapted to the various challenges of their environments on both the level of odorant receptors and neuronal wiring. Amphibians like the African clawed frog Xenopus laevis offer a powerful model to investigate how different neuronal wiring and odor information processing strategies emerged among vertebrates during water-to-land transition. In the olfactory bulb the sensory information from the peripheral olfactory organs is conveyed to mitral/tufted cells and their associated neuronal network in anatomical and functional units called olfactory glomeruli. My work aimed to answer the question, how olfactory sensory information is organized on the glomerular level and relayed to the mitral/tufted cells in the lateral olfactory bulb of larval Xenopus laevis. I could reveal the full extent of the olfactory receptor neuron population that innervates the lateral glomerular cluster and provide evidence for an anatomical and possibly functional finer subdivision of the lateral olfactory subsystem. I characterized sulfated steroids as suitable stimuli for mitral/tufted cells of the accessory and the lateral main olfactory bulb. The glomerular odor representation of the postsynaptic network to single amino acid stimuli appears to be very variable and non-stereotypical between animals. I found several similarities of the larval Xenopus lateral glomerular cluster to the rodent accessory olfactory system. Among those were the lack of chemotopy and the independence of tuning and spatial clustering between glomeruli. I characterized the population of mitral/tufted cells associated with the lateral glomerular cluster and found major differences in morphology and glomerular connectivity between them. The equal ratio between uni- and multi-glomerular MTCs imply the co-existence of several wiring logics in the lateral olfactory bulb. Neuronal beta tubulin II expression defines a subset of mitral/tufted cells of unknown maturation status, that was in parts responsive to amino acids. Overall, my work suggests, that the lateral olfactory subsystem incorporates several different wiring logics and resembles a rodent ‘accessory olfactory system-like’ subsystem that is still undergoing developmental processes. My work and further work from our laboratory might hint to the existence of a yet undescribed ‘threaded labeled line’ wiring logic in the olfactory system of amphibians.The actual connectivity and purpose of these potential wiring and odor information processing strategies remains to be determined.
Banking Union, Fiscal Union and Political Union as Pathways to Complete and Sustainable Monetary Integration of Africa

Following the monetary integration trends in Europe, there had been the desire for the African Monetary Union and the creation of a unified currency for the African continent. This proposed African common currency would be known as ‘afro’, a single currency for Africa by 2028. The continent of Africa, characterised by the largest number of countries and the largest number of currencies has consequently embarked on a special project for an African monetary integration. The 1991 Abuja treaty set out six stages in the process of achieving a monetary union and a single currency for Africa. This strategy for African monetary integration is based on progressive economic and monetary integration of African economic communities which are regarded as building blocks of Africa. These economic communities are the East African Community (EAC), the Southern African Development Community (SADC) and the Economic Community of the West African States (ECOWAS). Evidences generated from the analyses of the formation of the European Monetary Union (EMU) prompted many conclusions that there were major defects in its establishment as exposed by the Eurozone crisis. Some of these identified optimum currency area (OCA) related design flaws of the Eurozone are: (i) the absence of effective economic governance mechanism; (ii) the retention of banking supervision and resolution at national levels; (iii) the lack of financial back-stops and crisis resolution mechanisms at the union level; and (iv) defects in the design of the Eurozone's common central bank. Clearly, the Eurozone crisis has obviously revealed that banking union and integrated financial market, fiscal union and integrated fiscal framework and political union are all required in a monetary union, for completeness and sustainability. Unfortunately, these are issues not addressed by the OCA theory. From view-points in various debates on the sustainability and completeness of the EMU as well as various revealed faults in the design of Eurozone and the defects inherent in the original optimum currency area (OCA) theory and its application to monetary integration, this paper consequently discusses and highlights banking union, fiscal union and political union as pathways to complete and sustainable monetary integration in Africa.