Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
CYCLIC VOLTAMMETRY MEASUREMENT FOR N-TYPE Cu 2 O THIN FILM USING COPPER ACETATE-BASED SOLUTION Asyikin

Cyclic voltammetry (CV) measurement are used to determine the ideal potential range to deposit n-type cuprous oxide by electrodeposition method on fluorine-doped tin oxide (FTO) glass substrate using copper (II) acetate-based solution. Conventional methods of fabrication were time and cost consuming due to no ideal parameter setup. With cyclic voltammetry measurement, redox reaction could be obtained. Hence, the parameters for fabrication process were optimized. Electrodeposition method was used to deposit the cuprous oxide thin film onto the FTO glass substrate. The selected pH values for this study were pH 5.5 and 6.5 with deposition temperature of 50 and 60°C. The deposition time was fixed to 60 minutes. N-Cu2O thin films were fabricated and then characterized using Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy, X-Ray Diffractometer, Ultraviolet-Visible Spectroscopy and surface profiler. From the results of the analyses, the band gap obtained was 1.8 eV. The structural, morphological and optical properties showed that cuprous oxide with (111) preferred orientation were successfully fabricated.
The Role of Ethiopia in the regional security complex of the Horn of Africa

Ethiopia is a key ally of the Western world, especially the U.S., which considers it asan important regional security partner in the global war on terror. However, in theregion of the Horn of Africa its role and ties are much more complex. Bordering withEthiopia in the north, Eritrea, which after a long civil war gained its independencefrom Ethiopia itself, does not maintain good relations with Addis Ababa. Behind theborder in the west, after the division of the Sudan, the situation is also far fromstability. Another important problem is a disagreement between Addis Ababa,Khartoum and Cairo over the use of waters of the Nile. In the east, the borderlandwith Somalia generates not only border conflict, but also an internal one. The paperattempts to answer questions about the role played by Ethiopia in the region of theHorn of Africa, taking into account its complicated relations with its neighbours aswell as its emerging new challenges in the field of internal and international security.The analysis presented in the article is based on qualitative data gathered duringextensive field research conducted in Ethiopia (2011, 2012, and 2014) and Somalia(2011) as well as the already existing quantitative data provided by internationalorganizations, governments and research institutions. The paper is developed with theuse of historical method, as well as critical analysis of literature on the subject,official documents and the press.
Evaluating full-shift low back EMG and posture measurement for epidemiological studies

Occupational exposures to risk factors for low back disorders have been assessed using job titles, self-assessment, observational methods and direct measures. Direct measures are generally recommended as more precise, but their use is limited in large studies. The purpose of this study was to explore the comparability of two direct measurement methods (electromyography and inclinometry) for continuous low back exposures and the ability to distinguish exposures among workers in different industries. Shift-long data on low back muscle activity and posture was collected using EMG and inclinometry from 4 workers in the transportation industry and 4 workers in the wood products industry. Spinal compression summary measures (static, median, peak, cumulative) were estimated and compared by industry and by method. Exposure measures were consistently higher in wood products than in transportation (e.g. EMG-estimated median spinal compression: 1453 N in wood products vs 732 N in transportation). EMG and inclinometer data provided similar estimates for the summary measures (e.g. median spinal compression in wood products: EMG = 1453 N, Inclinometer = 1468 N, r=0.89). Since inclinometer-based estimates of spinal compression appear comparable to those based on EMG and distinguish between exposure groups, inclinometry may be a good surrogate for EMG in large exposure assessment studies.
Botulinum Neurotoxins as Biothreat Agents

Botulinum neurotoxins (BoNTs), a family of proteins produced by the bacterium Clostridium botulinum and other clostridial species, are considered to be the most potent toxin known, and a potential biological weapon. BoNTs cause botulism, a serious and life-threatening illness in humans and animals. There are seven immunologically distinct serotypes of BoNTs, each with multiple unique subtypes/genetic variants. BoNT potency and diversity present challenges for detection, diagnosis, treatment, and development of countermeasures. This article provides an overview of the range, diversity, and potency of BoNTs, and how these features might affect their use as biothreat agents.
Human-wildlife conflict mitigation and community well-being: Evidence from predator-proof bomas

Human wildlife conflict (HWC) occur when wildlife requirements encroach on those of human populations, with costs both to residents and wild animals. As a result, there is a growing recognition that solutions focused on wildlife alone limit managers ability to effectively resolve conflicts. This has necessitated a focus on management solutions on humans as well. Various interventions have been used to mitigate the HWC. Here, the focus is on the predator-proof bomas (PPBs), with the aim of answering the question: Do PPBs improve well-being of local people? 25 PPBs were constructed and monitored for a period of six months in Amboseli ecosystem. The livestock predation incidences, time spent guarding at night and people’s perceptions before and after the construction of the PPBs was compared to determine the social and economic changes. Results yielded a very strong significant change in the hours spend per week gurading, with some respondents spending only a day per week (t = 30.01, n = 25, p = 0.00001). An additional paired t –test revealed a significant change in the numbers of livestock attacks inside the homestead after the construction of the PPB (t = 10.258, n = 25, p = 0.00001). Generally, livestock killing cases and injuries went down by 87.3% and 50% respectively. Although there are opportunity costs associated with the installation of PPBs, on comparison the PPBs contributed positively to the well-being of the livestock keepers in Amboseli ecosystem.
The B3-VLA CSS sample. V. VLBA images at 6 and 3.6 cm

We present the results of VLBA observations at 6 and 3.6 cm for eighteen Compact Steep Spectrum radio sources (CSS) from the B3-VLA CSS sample. In most cases these VLBA images display a “Double/Triple” morphology, and the core is unambiguously detected in seven sources. Multifrequency images allow us to study the spectral properties of the individual source components and to constrain the spectral age. In lobe-dominated sources the radiative ages deduced from the synchrotron theory are in the range of up $5\times 10 ^{3}$ years, if equipartition magnetic field is assumed. Polarized emission is detected at a few percent level for two sources only. They were the only two sources displaying polarized emission in VLA A configuration data, and this implies that beam depolarization is not effective in reducing the integrated fractional polarization for these sources.
Effect of an edible crosslinked coating and two types of packaging on antioxidant capacity of castilla blackberries

In order to increase the shelf life and maintain the quality and stability of the biological compounds with antioxidant activity present in Castilla blackberry fruits, a sodium alginate-based edible crosslinked coating was applied, and the fruits were packed in two different plastic containers and stored under refrigeration (3 ± 1 °C). Total antioxidant capacity and its relationship to physicochemical variables such as pH, Brix, and acidity were evaluated in six treatments: uncoated blackberry stored in a macroperforated container (T1) and thermosealed container (T2), without crosslinked coating in a macroperforated container (T3) and thermosealed container (T4), with crosslinked coating (calcium ions) packed in macroperforated container (T5) and thermosealed container (T6). The results indicated that factors such as gas permeability in the coatings, the packaging used, and physicochemical parameters significantly affected the fruit total antioxidant capacity, with the highest level in T1 (0.22 µgEAA/ml) at the end of the essay, which is related to the lowest levels of pH and direct exposure to air. On the other hand, the lowest value was obtained in T6 (0.16 µgEAA/ml) due to the crosslinked coating, packaging in the thermosealed container, and higher pH value. Variations in acidity, Brix, and pH indicate the presence of degenerative processes in the crosslinked coating treatments, which limited the physicochemical changes.
Decomposing productivity differential: evidence from foreign owned and domestic firms in Italy

Using the idea of the multidimensional generalization of the Duncans’ index (Silber 1992), the productivity per worker differential across groups of firms can be decomposed into different components attributed to differences in: sectoral productivity, investment in human and physical capital, employment and other determinants. More specifically, for decomposing group productivity differential we propose an Oaxaca’s decomposition – based approach which assumes a Reimer’s weighting scheme An application of the decomposing method aimed at evaluating productivity differences across foreign owned and domestic firms in Italy is also provided.
Convergence Analysis of Alternating Direction Method of Multipliers for a Class of Separable Convex Programming

The purpose of this paper is extending the convergence analysis of Han and Yuan (2012) for alternating direction method of multipliers (ADMM) from the strongly convex to a more general case. Under the assumption that the individual functions are composites of strongly convex functions and linear functions, we prove that the classical ADMM for separable convex programming with two blocks can be extended to the case with more than three blocks. The problems, although still very special, arise naturally from some important applications, for example, route-based traffic assignment problems.
Machine Learning for Reducing the Effort of Conducting Systematic Reviews in SE

Objective : To investigate whether machine learning and text-based data mining can be used to support the primary studies selection process and decrease the needed efforts in systematic reviews conducted in the context of SE. Research Design : A test collection was built from 3 systematic reviews used in previous work in the context of SE. The proposed probabilistic classifier based on Bayes’ Theorem was constructed to predict and classify each article as containing high-quality evidence to warrant inclusion in study selection process or not. Feature engineering techniques were applied to the abstract-based features. Cross-validation experiments were performed to evaluate the efficiency of the document classifier. Three metrics precision, recall and specificity were used together to measure the classification performance. We assume that a recall rate of 0.9 or higher is required for the classifier to identify an sufficient quantity of relevant papers. As long as recall is at least 0.9, the Precision and Specificity should be as high as possible,. Results : From the hold-out cross validation experiment, the precision achieved with the classifier for two systematic review topics, was 93%, while 79% for another systematic review topic. The results of leave-one-out cross validation experiment were presented in three Confusion Matrix, which in detail indicated that the precision achieved with the classifier for the three systematic review topics was promising in terms of predicting relevant abstracts while relatively poor in terms of excluding irrelevant articles. Conclusion : The classifier based on Bayes’ Theorem has strong potential for performing the systematic review classification tasks in software engineering. The approach presented in this paper could be considered as a possible technique for assisting labor-intensive primary studies’ selection process in an SLR.
MIXED FAULT DIAGNOSIS IN THREE-PHASE SQUIRREL-CAGE INDUCTION MOTOR USING ANALYSIS OF AIR-GAP MAGNETIC FIELD

In this paper fault diagnosis of induction motor under mixed fault is carried out using precise analysis of the air-gap magnetic field based on time stepping finite element method. By feeding voltage instead of current density to the finite element computation part, the drawbacks of the application of finite element method in fault diagnosis of induction motor are overcome. Normally static eccentricity and broken rotor bars faults have been individually diagnosed in the published papers. Here diagnosis of the mixed fault,including static eccentricity and broken rotor bars,is introduced which is considered as a novel part of the present work. Precise analysis of magnetic field in the air-gap of a faulty induction motor is carried and performance of the motor is predicted. Taking into account the magnetic core saturation is another advantage of the present work. This is required in the transient analysis of a faulty motor.
Cooling of Ethanol Fermentation Process Using Absorption Chillers

Ethanol fermentation is an exothermic process, where the kinetics depends on temperature. This study proposes an alternative cooling system for use in ethanol fermentation using a single-eect water/lithium bromide absorption chiller, powered by waste heat from sugar and ethanol production processes, with a temperature range of 80 to 100 oC. The aim of this study is to model, simulate and analyze the behavior of an absorption refrigeration machine, according to the required cooling capacity of the fermentation system. A comparative analysis with and without the chiller is performed. The introduction of a chiller allowed a reduction in the temperature of the medium of around 1 oC and an increase of around 0.8 % in the fermentation efficiency. Under these conditions less cellular stress occurs and cellular viability is kept at higher levels. The results show that this reduction in temperature can increase the ethanol content of the wine. In the recovery of ethanol, a lower thermal load will be needed at the distillation, with a smaller amount of vinasse produced and consequently the energy efficiency of the plant will increase.
Interactive comment on “ Physical-controlled CO 2 effluxes from reservoir surface in the upper Mekong River Basin : a case study in the Gongguoqiao Reservoir ” by Lin Lin et al

Thank you for the comments. We are looking for further proofreading to modify the writing style. 1 What was the land cover before flooding? Response: The right bank of the reservoir was relatively flat, and some small villages sparsely was built at this side. Before flooding, the right bank of reservoir was mostly farmland, uncultivated grassland and the residential lands of villages. The left bank was steep, and landslides frequently occurred in rainy season. Thus, the left bank was either grassland or barren land. Before the reservoir filling, the cover of vegetation accounted 10∼20% of the reservoir valley. 2 What are the water discharge in and out of the reservoir according to sea-
Synchronous reluctance motor technology: industrial opportunities, challenges and future direction

In recent years, the desire for high efficiency and high torque density electric motors without permanent magnet (PM) materials for the industrial, as well as the specialist product sectors, has increased significantly and has developed into a hot research topic. This article discusses a re-emergent type of AC electrical machine, the synchronous reluctance machine. Current EU legislation aims to tackle global energy usage and reduce greenhouse gas emissions, the synchronous reluctance motor is discussed in this article – Its potential to become the future industry standard for high efficiency, low cost, high output industrial drives for fan, pump and mill type industrial applications is explored. The author will be brought up to speed with synchronous reluctance technology, presented with both its advantages and disadvantages with the suitability of the technology for industry application being discussed and a comparison made with respect to competing technologies – the traditional induction machine and the modern PM machine. Current and future research trends are outlined and a simple engineering case study is also presented as an indication of the energy saving potential of this type of machine. This article aims to inform students, engineers and key-decision makers in industry about this exciting technology.
Landlord influence on soil conservation practice adoption

The objective of this study is to identify which farm or farmer characteristics explain tenants’ perceptions of whether landlords are supportive or not of no-till farming and to describe landlords’ attitudes towards tenants switching to no-till on their land. Results indicate that size of farm, percentage of the farm in wheat, and having a cash lease were found to be the most significant variables influencing farmers’ perceptions about landlords’ disposition toward no-till or more intensive spring cropping. The first two were negatively correlated and the last was positively correlated. Overall, farmers appeared to be more pessimistic regarding landlords’ acceptance of no-till than were landlords themselves.
The Role of High Performance Computing and Communication for Real-Time Biofeedback in Sport

This paper studies the main technological challenges of real-time biofeedback in sport. We identified communication and processing as two main possible obstacles for high performance real-time biofeedback systems. We give special attention to the role of high performance computing with some details on possible usage of DataFlow computing paradigm. Motion tracking systems, in connection with the biomechanical biofeedback, help in accelerating motor learning. Requirements about various parameters important in real-time biofeedback applications are discussed. Inertial sensor tracking system accuracy is tested in comparison with a high performance optical tracking system. Special focus is given on feedback loop delays. Real-time sensor signal acquisitions and real-time processing challenges, in connection with biomechanical biofeedback, are presented. Despite the fact that local processing requires less energy consumption than remote processing, many other limitations, most often the insufficient local processing power, can lead to distributed system as the only possible option. A multiuser signal processing in football match is recognised as an example for high performance application that needs high-speed communication and high performance remote computing. DataFlow computing is found as a good choice for real-time biofeedback systems with large data streams.
Widespread and persistent ozone pollution in eastern China during the non-winter season of 2015: observations and source attributions

Abstract. Rapid growth of industrialization, transportation, and urbanization has caused increasing emissions of ozone (O3) precursors recently, enhancing the O3 formation in eastern China. We show here that eastern China has experienced widespread and persistent O3 pollution from April to September 2015 based on the O3 observations in 223 cities. The observed maximum 1 h O3 concentrations exceed 200 µg m−3 in almost all the cities, 400 µg m−3 in more than 25 % of the cities, and even 800 µg m−3 in six cities in eastern China. The average daily maximum 1 h O3 concentrations are more than 160 µg m−3 in 45 % of the cities, and the 1 h O3 concentrations of 200 µg m−3 have been exceeded on over 10 % of days from April to September in 129 cities. Analyses of pollutant observations from 2013 to 2015 have shown that the concentrations of CO, SO2, NO2, and PM2.5 from April to September in eastern China have considerably decreased, but the O3 concentrations have increased by 9.9 %. A widespread and severe O3 pollution episode from 22 to 28 May 2015 in eastern China has been simulated using the Weather Research and Forecasting model coupled to chemistry (WRF-CHEM) to evaluate the O3 contribution of biogenic and various anthropogenic sources. The model generally performs reasonably well in simulating the temporal variations and spatial distributions of near-surface O3 concentrations. Using the factor separation approach, sensitivity studies have indicated that the industry source plays the most important role in the O3 formation and constitutes the culprit of the severe O3 pollution in eastern China. The transportation source contributes considerably to the O3 formation, and the O3 contribution of the residential source is not significant generally. The biogenic source provides a background O3 source, and also plays an important role in the south of eastern China. Further model studies are needed to comprehensively investigate O3 formation for supporting the design and implementation of O3 control strategies, considering rapid changes of emission inventories and photolysis caused by the Atmospheric Pollution Prevention and Control Action Plan released by the Chinese State Council in 2013.
The nutritional significance of cheese in the UK diet

Cheese currently suffers from an adverse nutritional image largely due to a perceived association between saturated fatty acid, cholesterol and the salt content of cheese with cardiovascular disease. How-ever, cheese is also a rich source of essential nutrients such as proteins, lipids, vitamins and minerals that play an integral part of a healthy diet. This review outlines the composition, structure and physiological characteristics of the nutritionally significant components of cheese, whilst presenting some of the controversies that surround the role of cheese in dietary guidelines and the potential cheese has to improve health in the UK population.
Sentence Ordering Using Cluster Correlation and Probability in Multi-documents Summarization

Most of the document summary are arranged extractive by taking important sentences from the document. Extractive based summarization often not consider the connection sentence. A good sentence ordering should aware about rhetorical relations such as cause-effect relation, topical relevancy and chronological sequence which exist between the sentences. Based on this problem, we propose a new method for sentence ordering in multi document summarization using cluster correlation and probability for English documents. Sentences of multi-document s are grouped based on similarity into clusters. Sentence extracted from each cluster to be a summary that will be listed based on cluster correlation and probability. User evaluation showed that the summary result of proposed method easier to understanding than the previous method. The result of ROUGE method also shows increase on sentence arrangement compared to previous method.
The costs of employee turnover: when the devil is in the details.

Employee turnover continues to be a concern for many hospitality firms. To gain insights about the relative costs of different aspects of turnover, we first compared the costs of turnover for different hotel types. Based on data gathered from 33 U.S. hotels, we found that the costs of turnover were generally higher for: (1) higher complexity jobs; (2) independent properties; (3) properties with relatively high room rates; (4) large properties; (5) highoccupancy properties; (6) properties in markets with a high cost-of-living index; and (7) properties in markets with a high unemployment rate. We also examined the relative effects of actions taken to replace departing staff, and found that the damage to productivity caused by the inexperience of new employees is the greatest contributor to the overall costs of turnover.