Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Breast cancer metastasis - insight into selected molecular mechanisms of the phenomenon Przerzutowanie w raku piersi - analiza wybranych mechanizmów molekularnych zjawiska

Summary Metastasis is a complex, multistep biological process, involving a multitude of genes and biomolecules. Despite the successful therapeutic management of breast cancer, including surgery, chemotherapy and radiation therapy, that can control primary tumor growth, metastatic disease remains the greatest clinical challenge in oncology, as these methods are still not very effective in preventing relapses or in the management of breast cancer metastases. The knowledge of its mechanisms is still fragmentary and needs to be broadened in order to improve our therapeutic approach and influence on the long-term control of breast cancer progression. Despite the constant progress in understanding of breast cancer progression, it remains a major health problem around the world. Novel therapeutic modalities are being tested and developed, but the incidence and mortality rates are still frightening. In this paper, we review selected aspects of breast cancer metastasis, including the metastatic cascade and models of dissemination, tumor angiogenesis, disaggregation and migration of cells from the primary tumor, breaking the vascular wall, adaptation to a new environment, organotropism and dormant cells. The interactions between cancer cells and normal host cells contributing significantly to the metastatic cascade are highlighted, and a wide range of signaling and stimulating biomolecules and genes involved in the process are introduced.
Abstract P156: A Novel Gene-based Tool to Predict the Risk of Essential Hypertension and Initial Validation

Background: According to the CDC, 70 million American adults suffer from high blood pressure. With hypertension costing the United States $46 billion annually, efforts to screen, prevent, and treat hypertension are warranted. Objective: To create and evaluate the ability of a novel scoring algorithm derived from genotypic and phenotypic factors to predict the risk of essential hypertension. Subjects: For this multi-center, observational, retrospective study, 462 subjects were chosen from 14 clinical research sites across the U.S from the period of September 30, 2014 to December 17, 2014. The first study group of 126 subjects had a diagnosis of essential hypertension (ICD-9 codes 401, 401.1, and 401.9); and the first study set of 131 controls had no diagnosis of essential hypertension. The second study consisted of 95 subjects with a diagnosis of essential hypertension and 110 controls were used. Methods: Subjects were genotyped using TaqMan® SNP genotyping assays (Life Technologies, Carlsbad, CA). A scoring algorithm was developed using a logistic regression model with age as a phenotypic factor and 6 single nucleotide polymorphisms (COMT rs4680; PTGS1 rs1330344; SHMT1 rs1979277; LEPR rs1137101; and VKORC1 rs8050894). A second study was conducted to independently apply the algorithm and validate results. Results: For the first study group, the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) for the algorithm was statistically significant (AUC 0.917, p=0.000). From a scoring range of 0 - 17, 8.5 was determined to be the best cut-off score indicating a high risk of essential hypertension with a sensitivity of 83.17% (84 of 101); specificity 91.45% (107 of 117); PPV 89.36% (84 of 94); and NPV 86.29% (107 of 124). For the second study group, the ROC was also statistically significant (AUC 0.969, p=0.000). As in the first study group, a score of 8.5 was the best cut-off score for essential hypertension risk with a sensitivity of 91.58% (87 of 95); specificity 95.45% (105 of 110); PPV 94.57% (87 of 92); and NPV 92.92% (105 of 113). Conclusion: This scoring algorithm can reliably predict the risk of essential hypertension in two separate study groups. Implementing such a tool in clinical practice may guide treatment decisions for patients at risk of essential hypertension.
Current Trends in Moscow Settlement Pattern Development: A Multiscale Approach

The article studies current trends in Moscow population in context of socio- economic polarization strengthening between the capital city and other regions of the country. The study applies multiscale approach covering Moscow influence on Central Russia and other regions, interaction with the Moscow oblast and the level of internal population distribution within Moscow and particular settlements and villages in New Moscow territories. The gap in development is significantly noticeable for expanding Moscow and Moscow oblast against the background of depopulation in Central Russia regions and cities. Within the boundaries of Moscow the continuing model of extensive spatial growth of population has led to the most rapid growth of its periphery zone. Areas similar to bedroom communities in Old Moscow are forming in the municipalities of New Moscow located along the Moscow ring road (MKAD) and main radial highways, while large part of the new territories remain a typical countryside with villages and summer residents. Analysis of New Moscow suburban areas reveals the actual land use mosaics obscured by the official delimitation of Moscow and Moscow oblast and the formal division of population into urban and rural.
Analytical approach and numerical simulation to investigate the stress field and the dynamic stress intensity factors of a cracked tooth subjected to a periodic loading

A new analytical approach was developed in this paper to study the dynamic analysis of a cracked gear tooth subjected to a periodic loading. The finite elements method (FEM) based on the contour integral technique was used in order to validate the effectiveness and reliability of the analytical formulation. A three-dimensional (3D) model of a cracked tooth was designed where a refined mesh was applied in the crack region to better simulate the stress concentration. The main objective of this study was to investigate the influence of the crack depth and the external load on the variation of the stress intensity factors (SIF) KI and KII associated with the opening crack modes I and II, respectively, and on the stress field near the crack tip. The obtained results show a significant agreement between the analytical results and the FEM findings.
Implementação de um sistema ciber-físico em uma planta didática de manufatura

This paper presents an implementation of a cyber-physical system (CPS). The physical part of the system was developed from a didactic workbench of a plant that emulates a manufacturing process. A computational central, four distributed processing nodes and a network that connects these elements are used for the cybernetic part. The distributed nodes are microcontrolled modules that control plant sensors and actuators through a physical interface.The computational central acts as a controller of the production process, coordinating the actions of the microcontrolled modules. In addition, this central is responsible for presenting information about the system operation and allows the control of the plant by a user. The network has its link layer in the 802.11b standard and uses the TCP/IP protocol. The MQTT protocol is used at the application layer. Experimental results show the proper operation of the system. Resumo: Este trabalho apresenta a implementação de um sistema Ciber-F́ısico. A partir de uma bancada didática de uma planta que emula um processo de manufatura, desenvolveu-se a parte f́ısica do sistema. Para parte cibernética, utilizou-se uma central computacional, quatro nós de processamento distribúıdos e uma rede que conecta esses elementos. Os nós distribúıdos são módulos microcontrolados que possuem, através de uma interface f́ısica, o controle sobre os sensores e atuadores da planta. A central computacional atua como controlador do processo de produção, coordenando as ações dos módulos microcontrolados. Além disso, essa central é responsável por apresentar informações do funcionamento do sistema e possibilitar o controle da planta por um usuário. A rede tem seu enlace no padrão 802.11b e utiliza o protocolo TCP/IP, já na camada de aplicação utilizou-se o protocolo MQTT. Resultados experimentais mostram o funcionamento adequado do sistema.
Avaliação de Desempenho de Computação Móvel na Borda Usando Redes de Petri Estocásticas

A Computação Móvel na Borda (MEC) surgiu como uma alternativa para diminuir a latência da rede, fazendo com que o processamento do fluxo de dados ocorresse mais próximo dos usuários mobile. No entanto, a configuração dos servidores pode influenciar diretamente no desempenho da arquitetura MEC. Este artigo propõe um modelo de Rede de Petri Estocástica (SPN) para modelar tal cenário e analisar seu desempenho, considerando diversos parâmetros que podem afetar diretamente no Tempo Médio de Resposta (MRT) e no Nı́vel de Utilização. Apresentamos também análises numéricas com valores de entrada reais que servem como um guia prático para auxiliar administradores de infraestruturas computacionais a adequar suas arquiteturas, encontrando o trade-off entre o MRT e o nı́vel de utilização.
Factors Influencing Addiction in People of 15 to 30 Years of Age: a qualitative study

Introduction: The increasing use of drugs in our country is accelerated and the whole young community, with complex social problem of drug addiction has become destructive consequences arising from it. Examination of related issues in especially the youth is actually a must. Objective: To identify factors influencing drug addiction in people 15 to 30 years of age. Materials and Methods: This study used qualitative research methods "content analysis". Data were collected from interviews and semistructured using a tape recorder was on Nvarzbt. The content of these interviews was transcribed, based on the methodology chosen for this study and analyzed. Results: A total of 78 samples were obtained and the orientation of the source codes in two main conceptual categories were entitled Triggers internal and external incentives. The original concept involved a number of classes with some subclasses overlapping in some cases. This subsets included: easy obtaining of psychological and physical benefits, having a fun loving personality, a spirit of curiosity, a desire to be different, lack of life skills, cultural, social, economic factors. Conclusion: A wide range of conditions and factors, both internal and external, affect addiction. The addiction respective authorities and families may do their job well by identifying the influencing factors in addiction and develop a comprehensive plan to combat this critical issue. Conflict of interest: non declared
Involving Events as Cocreators of Destination Brand: The Case of South Savo Region

Prior studies have recognized the importance of events in destination branding, but the focus has been on the roles of mega-events or sport events, while smaller cultural and freetime events have received far less attention. The stakeholder involvement in destination branding has also been attracting interest lately by many researchers, but there is lack of knowledge on how to utilize events in the branding processes. This study aims to fill the research gap through a case study in the South Savo region, eastern Finland. The purpose of this study is to examine the roles events have in destination branding, and how events are involved in cocreating the destination brand. The empirical data were collected through 13 semistructured interviews of event organizers and local tourism developers. The study identified four different roles and several involvement methods. The findings revealed the importance and potential of organized events in the branding, but it also revealed that they are not yet effectively utilized at the destination. However, there is a consensus about the importance of stakeholder involvement and a common will towards involving events in the branding process. The findings of this study can be utilized by tourism developers and stakeholders to improve destination branding processes.
Peer-Assisted Pain Management Program for Nursing Home Residents:Does it Help to Relieve Chronic Pain and Enhance Physical andPsychological Health?

Context: Chronic pain is common among older adults. Objectives: To examine the effectiveness of a peer-assisted pain management program (PV-IPMP) in reducing pain, enhancing pain self-efficacy and functional mobility, reducing loneliness and increasing the level of happiness among nursing home residents. Methods: We recruited 32 nursing home residents to participate in a 12-week group-based PV-IPMP. There were two 1-hour sessions per week. Education in pain and demonstrations of non-pharmacological pain management strategies were provided. Twelve peers were trained to assist in the sessions. Outcome measures for the participants were collected at baseline (P1) and at week 12 (P2) upon completion of the intervention. Data from peer volunteers were collected prior to training (V1) and at week 12 (V2). T-tests were used to compare the differences in outcome measures collected at two time points. Results: A significant reduction in pain intensity from 5.8+2.6 (P1) to 3.4+2.5 (P2) was found among nursing home residents (p=0.003). Pain self-efficacy increased from 30.0+16.1 to 36.1+14.6 (p>0.05). Functional mobility significantly improved from 64.3+36.8 to 68.1+36.6 (p=0.008). There was an enhancement in happiness level for the nursing home residents from 16.8+5.3 to 20.6+4.4 (p<0.001), while the loneliness level dropped significantly from 44.5+8.7 to 34.3+8.3 (p<0.001). The peer volunteers showed a significant increase in self-rated pain management knowledge (2.9+2.6 to 8.1+1.2, p<0.001) and self-efficacy in volunteering (5.8+2.9 to 8.3+1.5, p=0.013). Conclusion: The peer-assisted pain management program was feasible and effective at relieving the chronic pain and enhancing the physical and psychological health of nursing home residents.
Metabolic equivalent task assessment for physical activity in medical students

Background: The ability to assess energy expenditure (EE) and estimate physical activity (PA) in free-living individuals is extremely important in the global context of non-communicable diseases including malnutrition, overnutrition (obesity), and diabetes. Metabolic equivalent task (MET) is used as a means of expressing the intensity and EE of activities. Aims and Objective: To assess the PA as MET using the International PA Questionnaire (IPAQ). Material and Methods: It was a cross-sectional study conducted on 87 (29 males and 58 females) medical students aged between 18-25 years. Detailed history of PA was taken, so as to find out the type and quality of PA, they were engaged in. In IPAQ (short), questionnaire information was asked about three specific types of activity such as walking, moderate-intensity activities, and vigorous-intensity activities. MET was calculated. Results: It was found that as per MET score calculated from IPAQ, 40%, 47%, and 13% of students fall in low, moderate, and high PA groups, respectively. Conclusion: MET utilization provides a convenient method to describe the functional capacity or exercise tolerance of an individual. It was observed that PA was very low in medical students as calculated by MET.
Combinando Técnicas de Mineração de Dados para Melhorar a Detecção de Indicadores de Evasão Universitária

The student’ dropout is one of the major problems faced by public universities in Brazil since generates financial, social and academic loss. In this work, we present a methodology which combines different data mining techniques that aims: (1) creating predictive models to identify students who are at risk of dropout; and (2) establishing the relevance of the attributes related to the phenomenon and thus contribute to its prevention. We evaluate the methodology applying it in real information regarding students of the Federal University of São João Del Rei, performing both a global analysis of the data and a fragmented analysis for each Knowledge Area. The predictive models generated show alarming numbers for possible evasions in 2019, especially in Engineering; Agrarian Sciences; Exact and Earth Sciences; and Applied Social Sciences. Regarding the identified attributes, the academic indicators were the most relevant to understanding the student’s dropout, a factor that places the institutional manager as the main figure to combat this phenomenon. Resumo. A evasão estudantil é um dos maiores problemas enfrentados pelas universidades públicas brasileiras, pois gera perdas financeiras, sociais e acadêmicas. Neste trabalho apresentamos uma metodologia que combina diferentes técnicas de mineração de dados com o objetivo de: (1) criar modelos preditivos para identificar alunos que se encontram em risco de evasão; e (2) estabelecer a relevância dos atributos relacionados ao fenômeno e assim contribuir com a prevenção do mesmo. Avaliamos a metodologia com dados reais de discentes da Universidade Federal de São João del-Rei realizando uma análise global dos dados e uma análise fragmentada para cada Área de Conhecimento. Os modelos preditivos gerados apresentam números alarmantes quanto às possı́veis evasões em 2019, sobretudo nas Engenharias, Ciências Agrárias, Ciências Exatas e da Terra e Ciências Sociais Aplicadas. Com relação aos atributos identificados, os indicadores acadêmicos foram os mais relevantes para a compreensão do comportamento evasivo dos alunos, fator que coloca o gestor institucional como a figura principal para combater esse fenômeno.
THE ROLE OF PHAGOCYTIC DEFENSES AND INNATE IMMUNITY IN THE CLEARANCE OF BORDETELLA PERTUSSIS INFECTIONS

Bordetella pertussis is the causative agent of the human respiratory disease whooping cough. Despite extensive vaccine coverage, the incidence of this disease continues to rise throughout the developed and developing world. A major contributor to the success of this pathogen, and the focus of this thesis, is its ability to evade and suppress the host innate immune response. The potential of human monocytes to mediate the clearance of B. pertussis infection was examined. Monocytes internalized only a small percentage of the bacteria and pre-treatment with purified pertussis toxin caused a further inhibition in the ability of monocytes to internalize wild-type bacteria. Opsonization with human immune serum played only a modest role in promoting phagocytosis by monocytes. Less than one percent of internalized bacteria remained viable following internalization. Surfactant proteins A (SP-A) and D (SP-D) and play an important role in the innate immune defenses of the respiratory tract. SP-A binds to the lipid A region of lipopolysaccharide (LPS), and SP-D binds to the core oligosaccharide of LPS. Both proteins induce aggregation, promote phagocytosis and killing by neutrophils and macrophages, and have direct antimicrobial activity. B. pertussis LPS has a branched core structure and a non-repeating terminal trisaccharide. Interaction of B. pertussis with these proteins was examined. Wild type B. pertussis, and the related veterinary pathogen B. bronchiseptica, resisted the antimicrobial effects of SP-A and SP-D. However, LPS mutants lacking the terminal trisaccharide of LPS were susceptible to both proteins.
Convertisseurs DC-DC piézoélectrique avec stockage provisoire d’énergie sous forme mécanique

Les convertisseurs de puissance sont de plus en plus utilises, notamment avec l’explosion des objets nomades/connectes, certes de faibles puissance (<100 W), mais ou les contraintes de volume, d’epaisseur ou de rendement sont forte. Dans ce contexte, l’utilisation des materiaux piezoelectriques constitue une excellente alternative aux convertisseurs a base d’inductances. Ces materiaux possedent en effet de nombreux avantages comme des densites de puissances elevees, une geometrie fine et plane et sont notamment plus faciles a integrer compare aux inductances magnetiques classiquement utilisees. Un nouveau type de convertisseurs piezoelectrique, sans inductance, est presente dans lequel le resonateur piezoelectrique assure une fonction de stockage d’energie. A chaque periode de resonance, le resonateur piezoelectrique preleve de l’energie a la source d’entree, la stocke provisoirement sous forme mecanique et la redistribue a la charge permettant ainsi la conversion de puissance. Des commutations a zeros de tension sont egalement garanties pour assurer des rendements elevees a frequences elevees. Une premiere topologie (chapitre 2 et 3) integrant ces principes est presentee. Un modele analytique incluant les pertes mecaniques decrivant le comportement du convertisseur ainsi qu’un modele de simulation sont elabores. Le concept est valide experimentalement et l’on obtient des rendements tres eleves (jusqu’a 98%) sur une grande plage de puissance (de quelques mW a 1,8 W) pour plusieurs gains en tension (1,5 a 3). L’etude de cinq resonateurs de dimensions differentes renseigne sur l’influence de la geometrie sur les performances des convertisseurs et permet de concevoir une methodologie de dimensionnement de ce resonateur. D’autres topologies plus complexes (chapitre 4) sont explorees et des perspectives d’ameliorations et de mises sur le marche sont presentees.
Otępienie a zgoda na udział w medycznych badaniach naukowych — wybrane zagadnienie etyczne

The development of the biomedical sciences is inextricably bound up with the need to conduct research aimed not only at discovering new methods of diagnosis, treatment and care, but also at verifying and monitoring the effectiveness of the currently applicable procedural rules. Due to the aging population with a concomitant increase in the number of people suffering from dementia disorders such persons may become a larger and larger group taking part in a variety of studies. It is indispensable to include patients suffering from dementia disorders in research; yet, this means providing them with a specific protection due to a risk of doing harm to them. The study is aimed at discussing some ethical issues related to the participation of people suffering from dementia disorders in research. Nursing Topics 2015; 23 (1): 274–278
Cartographie des zones à risque de transmission du virus Ebola en Guinée forestière par la méthode d'évaluation multicritère spatialisée

La maladie d'Ebola est une maladie infectieuse virale emergente, d'origine zoonotique, responsable d'epidemies importantes. Les cartes de risque de transmission peuvent aider a la surveillance pour prevenir des futures epidemies. L'objectif de cette etude a ete de construire des cartes de risque de transmission du virus Ebola des animaux aux hommes (i.e. spillover) en Guinee forestiere en utilisant la methode d'evaluation multicritere spatialisee (MCE). Nous avons identifie quatre types de risque associes au spillover du virus Ebola (environnemental, climatique, associe a la consommation de la viande de brousse et associe aux especes animales impliques dans la transmission du virus) que nous avons hierarchises grâce a une revue bibliographique. Des donnees geographiques de libre acces ont ete utilisees pour representer les variables associees a chaque facteur de risque. Les facteurs de risque ont ete standardises et agreges pour produire une carte finale de favorabilite de spillover du virus Ebola. Les resultats montrent que le risque de spillover de virus Ebola est plus eleve dans la moitie sud de la Guinee forestiere, mais que des zones au nord sont aussi favorables lors de la saison de pluie. Nous avons utilise des donnees de chauves-souris testees pour la presence d'anticorps contre le virus Ebola pour la validation des cartes de risque. Les resultats suggerent qu'un evenement de spillover est plus probable dans les zones de favorabilite intermediaire. Un resultat similaire a ete obtenu avec les cartes de risque produites pour une region de la Republique du Congo, valides avec des donnees de localisation des evenements de spillover anterieurs dans cette region. La maladie d'Ebola a frappe l'Afrique de l'Ouest d'une facon inattendue. Le MCE est une methode qui permettrait d'identifier des zones a risque hors des zones qui ont subi des epidemies precedemment.