Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Modélisation du transport thermique dans des matériaux thermoélectriques

Les materiaux thermoelectriques permettent de convertir de l'energie thermique en energie electrique. Leur rendement de conversion trop faible limite cependant leur utilisation a grande echelle. Plusieurs voies d'optimisation sont utilises afin d'augmenter les rendements de conversion en diminuant la conductivite thermique. Dans cette these, nous modelisons les proprietes de transport thermique des materiaux half-Heusler parfaits et dopes qui presentent des proprietes thermoelectriques interessantes. La methode repose sur la theorie de la fonctionnelle de la densite pour calculer les proprietes harmoniques et anharmoniques des composes parfaits et determiner les temps de vie des phonons. Ensuite, ces derniers sont utilises pour ecrire une equation de transport de Boltzmann pour la densite de phonons dont la resolution donne acces a la conductivite thermique. L'inclusion de defauts ponctuels a pour objectif de reduire la conductivite thermique par diffusion des phonons. Pour modeliser leur effet dans un regime de forte concentration une methode champ moyen a ete developpee et appliquee aux half-Heusler. Pour traiter le regime dilue, une methode faisant appel aux fonctions de Green a ete utilisee. Ces deux methodes montrent que des reductions significatives de conductivite thermique des composes NiTiSn, NiZrSn et NiHfSn sont deja obtenues pour des concentrations de 10 % en dopants.
Multi-Robot Collaborative Source Searching Strategy in Large-Scale Chemical Clusters

In hazardous gas leakage accidents in chemical clusters, quickly and accurately locating the diffusion source via mobile sensors (searcher) can effectively speed up emergency response. While state-of-the-art researches designed kinds of autonomous sensing and searching techniques, e.g. cognitive-based strategies to complete the localization of the leakage source; the current studies cannot meet chemical cluster’s requirements with complex road network constraints and spatial scales. To address this problem, we firstly combine a cognitive search strategy with great theoretical performance (Entrotaxis algorithm) with an intermittent search strategy and propose a fresh searching algorithm, namely Entrotaxis-Turn (ET). The hybrid algorithm can make use of the triggered turn motion to bypass obstacles to avoid falling into a loop, thereby improving the success rate and saving the searching time. Secondly, we extend the ET algorithm to the multi-robot collaboration pattern (Multi-ET algorithm), in which each mobile sensor shares the information collected along its route with each other. To reveal the performance of the proposed algorithms, a simulation scene is built in a typical chemical cluster scene and diffused gas is generated based on the advection-diffusion equation. Through Monte Carlo simulations, the optimal parameter combinations in the ET and Multi-ET algorithm are obtained. Finally, a verification experiment is carried out based on the simulation scene generated by the computational fluid dynamics (CFD) model. Results show that compared with the Entrotaxis algorithm, the efficiency and success rate of the ET algorithm are dramatically improved. Moreover, the Multi-ET algorithm obtains the optimal source searching performance.
Protective effects of pumpkin (Cucurbita pepo L.) seed oil on rat liver damage induced by chronic alcohol consumption

Pumpkin seed oil (PSO) possesses a protective potential against liver injury due to the presence of biologically active ingredients. Adult male albino rats were administrated PSO (per os, 2 mL/kg b.w./day) and a 12% ethanol solution in water, ad libitum, with an average intake of 8.14 g of ethanol/kg bw/day for 6 weeks. Congestion, hepatic central vein dilation, portal vein branch dilation, Kupffer cell hyperplasia, fatty liver changes, hepatocyte focal necrosis were observed after daily alcohol intake. All observed changes were reduced when PSO was ingested with ethanol. PSO intake itself induced discrete cellular edema, congestion and slight dilatation of the central and portal vain branches. Chronic ethanol intake elevated catalase (CAT) activity and glutathione reductase (GR) protein expression; concomitant PSO intake had no effect on CAT activity or GR protein expression. PSO intake decreased the activities of GR, glutathione-S-transferase (GST) and xanthine oxidase (XOD) in the liver, probably due to the ingestion of antioxidants. Intake of PSO and ethanol significantly decreased cytosolic superoxide dismutase (SOD1) and increased NF-? B protein expression compared to ethanol intake, suggesting that the protective effects of PSO were mediated by the NF-? B signaling pathway. Our results reveal a therapeutic potential of PSO in alcoholic liver disease.
Probabilistic Hesitant Fuzzy Methods for Prioritizing Distributed Stream Processing Frameworks for IoT Applications

Distributed stream processing frameworks (DSPFs) are the vital engine, which can handle real-time data processing and analytics for IoT applications. How to prioritize DSPFs and select the most suitable one for special IoT applications is an open issue. To help developers of IoT applications to solve this complex issue, a novel probabilistic hesitant fuzzy multicriteria decision making (MCDM) model is put forward in this paper. To characterize the requirements for large-scale IoT data stream processing, a novel evaluation criteria system including qualitative and quantitative criteria is established. To accurately model the collective opinions from skilled developers and consider their psychological distance, the definition of probabilistic hesitant fuzzy sets (PHFSs) is used. To derive the importance degrees of criteria, a novel probabilistic hesitant fuzzy best-worst (PHFBW) method is proposed based on the score value. To prioritize the DSPFs and choose the most suitable one, a novel probabilistic hesitant fuzzy MULTIMOORA method is put forward. Finally, a practical case composed of four Apache stream processing frameworks, namely, Storm, Flink, Spark, and Samza, is studied. The obtained results indicate that throughput, latency, and reliability are considered to be the three most important criteria, and Flink is the most suitable stream framework.
Research on the Weighted Regression Method of Artillery Trajectory Fitting Computation

In order to improve the precision of the heteroscedastic artillery firing table, a fitting computation method for artillery firing table compilation without the assumption of homologous variance is proposed in the paper. The principle of the method is to elevate the regression effect of heteroscedasticity model with using appropriate weights. First, a reasonable method to estimate the variance of disturbance term is explored. On this basis, the variance function of disturbance term is fitted by polynomial basis and B-spline basis respectively. Finally, weighted B-spline regression was performed on the heteroscedasticity model with the variance function as the weight. This method does not need to ignore the existence of heteroscedasticity, nor is it limited by the general assumption in the past. It has positive significance to reflect the operational performance of the new weapon system objectively which is still in the stage of scientific research and design finalization. In addition, the method can be applied in both homoscedastic and heteroscedastic populations.
E-Banking in banking system of Nepal

Concept - E-banking is the term used for new age banking system. It is also called online banking. E-banking uses the internet as the delivery channel to conduct banking activities. Purpose – The main objective of this study is to analyze the perception of customers’ and employees about e-banking and to analyze the threats of e- banking in Nepal. Methodology Used – Descriptive research designs have been used for the study. Primary data through the questionnaires have been collected using convenience and judgmental sampling from the Nepalese commercial banks. Questionnaires are based on the five point Likert Scale and Cronbach’s alpha test has been conducted to test the reliability of the data. Findings – Most of the people are not satisfied with traditional banking system and they believe that e-banking plays a vital role on the banking performance. Operational and securities threats are the main challenges of e-banking.
Brewers' spent grain: a review with an emphasis on food and health

Brewers' spent grain (BSG) is the most abundant by-product generated in the beer-brewing process. This material consists of the barley grain husks obtained as solid residue after the production of wort. BSG is rich in fibre and protein and, to date, the main use for the elimination of this by-product has been as an animal feed. However, because of its nutritional content, BSG is of interest for application and fortification of human food products, particularly in view of its low cost and availability in large amounts. In addition, the importance of BSG as an ingredient and potential source of health-promoting bioactive components is beginning to be recognised. The investigation of alternative uses of BSG is pertinent, not only from the perspective of the brewer who can benefit from valorisation of this by-product, but also from an environmental perspective as the recycling and re-use of industrial wastes and by-products has become increasingly important. This review presents the current knowledge on BSG, covering its production, composition and methods for the release of valuable components, and focuses on the potential health benefits attributed to its constituents and the use of this brewer by-product in food applications. Copyright © 2016 The Institute of Brewing & Distilling
Progressive Multifocal Leukoencephalopathy as the Initial Presentation in an Apparently Healthy Child

1. Ashwal S, Michelson D, Plawner L, Dobyns WB; Quality Standards Subcommittee of the American Academy of Neurology and the Practice Committee of the Child Neurology Society. Practice parameter: Evaluation of the child with microcephaly (an evidence based review): Report of the quality standards subcommittee of the American Academy of Neurology and the Practice Committee of the Child Neurology Society. Neurology 73;2009:887-96. 2. Woods CG. Human microcephaly. Curr Opin Neurobiol 2004;14:112-7. 3. Woods CG, Bond J, Enrad W. Autosomal recessive primary microcephaly: A review of clinical, molecular and evolutionary findings. Am J Hum Genet 2005;76:717-28. 4. Mahmood S, Ahmad W, Hassan MJ. Autosomal recessive primary microcephaly (MCPH): Clinical manifestations, genetic heterogeneity and mutation continuum. Orphanet J Rare Dis 2011;6:39. 5. Cherkaoui Jaouad I, Zrhidri A, Jdioui W, Lyahyai J, Raymond L, Egéa G, et al. A novel non sense mutation in WDR62 causes autosomal recessive primary microcephaly: A case report. BMC Med Genet 2018;19:118. 6. Nardello R, Fontana A, Antona V, Beninati A, Mangano GD, Stallone MC, et al. A novel mutation of WDR62 gene associated with severe phenotype including infantile spasm, microcephaly and intellectual disability. Brain Dev 2018;40:58-64. 7. Hrachovy RA, Frost JD Jr. Infantile spasms. Cleve Clin J Med 1989;56(Suppl Pt 1):S10-6; discussion S40-2. 8. Iype M, Kunju PA, Saradakutty G, Mohan D, Khan SA. The early electroclinical manifestations of infantile spasms: A video EEG study. Ann Indian Acad Neurol 2016;19:52-7. 9. Naseer MI, Rasool M, Sogaty S, Chaudhary RA, Mansour HM, Chaudhary AG, et al. A novel WDR62 mutation causes primary microcephaly in a large consanguineous Saudi family. Ann Saudi Med 2017;37:148-53.
Mycoremediation of chlorpyrifos and lambda-cyhalothrin by two species of filamentous fungi

Chlorpyrifos and lambda-cyhalothrin are two of the most commonly used insecticides in agriculture. Their residues reach water courses, affecting aquatic fauna and subsequently human beings. Aspergillus viridinutans and Penicillium implicatum isolated from water drains at El-Giza and El-Ismailia governorates were grown in potato dextrose broth media supplemented with different concentrations of chlorpyrifos and lambda-cyhalothrin. Samples, taken at 0, 7 and 14 days, were analysed for pesticide residues by gas chromatography. The fungal species showed biodegradation potentials of 2.5, 5 and 20 ppm of chlorpyrifos and lambda-cyhalothrin. Degradation percentage reached 100% after 14 days of incubation of both pesticides (2.5 ppm) individually with the two tested fungal species. The values of degradation rate, besides the weights of dry fungal biomasses ensured that the optimum chlorpyrifos concentration for A. viridinutans and P. implicatum was 5 ppm, while the optimum lambda-cyhalothrin concentration for A. viridinutans was 5 ppm and 2.5 ppm for P. implicatum.
Stabilization for switched linear systems: Hybrid observer‐based method

This paper investigates interval observer-based controller design for switched linear systems involving additional disturbance and measurement noise, whose modes need not to be cooperative. First, by giving the upper bound and the lower bound of the disturbance and the measurement noise, we construct hybrid interval observer for the considered switched linear system by means of a switched coordinate transformation, which can transform the observer error systems into cooperative ones. The interval observer can supply certain state information at any instant. Compared with the interval observer design for switched systems with arbitrary switching sequences or dwell time switching based on common Lyapunov function, the difﬁculty consists in characterizing the jump of the multiple Lyapunov functions. Then, by using the multiple Lyapunov functions method and average dwell time scheme, some sufﬁcient conditions are derived and applied to build the interval observer-based state feedback controller. Finally, we provide an example to illustrate the validity of the derived results.
Group-III-nitride and halide-perovskite semiconductor gain media for amplified spontaneous emission and lasing applications

Group-III-nitride optical devices are conventionally important for displays and solid-state lighting, and recently have garnered much interest in the field of visible-light communication. While visible-light laser technology has become mature, developing a range of compact, small footprint, high optical power components for the green-yellow gap wavelengths still requires material development and device design breakthroughs, as well as hybrid integration of materials to overcome the limitations of conventional approaches. The present review focuses on the development of laser and amplified spontaneous emission (ASE) devices in the visible wavelength regime using primarily group-III-nitride and halide-perovskite semiconductors, which are at disparate stages of maturity. While the former is well established in the violet-blue-green operating wavelength regime, the latter, which is capable of solution-based processing and wavelength-tunability in the green-yellow-red regime, promises easy heterogeneous integration to form a new class of hybrid semiconductor light emitters. Prospects for the use of perovskite in ASE and lasing applications are discussed in the context of facile fabrication techniques and promising wavelength-tunable light-emitting device applications, as well as the potential integration with group-III-nitride contact and distributed Bragg reflector layers, which is promising as a future research direction. The absence of lattice-matching limitations, and the presence of direct bandgaps and excellent carrier transport in halide-perovskite semiconductors, are both encouraging and thought-provoking for device researchers who seek to explore new possibilities either experimentally or theoretically. These combined properties inspire researchers who seek to examine the suitability of such materials for potential novel electrical injection devices designed for targeted applications related to lasing and operating-wavelength tuning.
Impact of different altitudes on distribution of micro-nutrients under different land use systems of district Kupwara

In order to study the “Distribution of Micro-nutrients at Different Altitudes Under Different Land Use Systems in district Kupwara” soil samples from four land uses of high, mid and low altitude areas of Kupwara were collected up to a depth of 0-20 cm. The soil samples were studied for various physico-chemical properties and micro-nutrient status. The study revealed that texture of soils ranged between clay Loam, Silty clay loam to sandy loam. The soils were slightly acidic to slightly alkaline in reaction with normal electrical conductivity. Bulk density and Particle density were decreasing with altitude increase. The organic carbon content was medium to high with higher amount in soils of high altitude. The pH, electrical conductivity, calcium carbonate, cation exchange capacity and organic carbon varied significantly with altitude. The DTPA-extractable zinc, copper, manganese and iron ranged from 0.81-2.87, 0.54-2.72, 5.75-50.2 and 21.78-53.43 ppm, respectively. The micro-nutrient status under study was almost medium to high and showed linear increasing trend with increase in altitude. All available micronutrients in soils exhibited significant differences with altitude. The correlation studies revealed that organic carbon showed positive and significant relationship with available micronutrients viz zinc, copper, iron and manganese. The pH and EC exhibited significant and negative relationship with available zinc, copper, manganese and iron. The calcium carbonate showed significant and negative correlation with available micronutrients. The OC and CEC content revealed significant and positive relationship with available micronutrients. These properties affect the availability of micronutrients in the soil.
FORMULATION, OPTIMIZATION AND IN VITRO EVALUATION OF 5-FLUOROURACIL LOADED LIQUORICE CRUDE PROTEIN NANOPARTICLES FOR SUSTAINED DRUG DELIVERY USING BOX-BEHNKEN DESIGN

Objective: To formulate, optimize and evaluate 5-fluorouracil loaded liquorice crude protein nanoparticles for sustained drug delivery using Box-Behnken design. Methods: 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) loaded liquorice crude protein (LCP) nanoparticles were prepared by desolvation method using ethanol-water (1:2 ratio), Tween-80 (2%v/v) as stabilizing agent and gluteraldehyde (8% v/v) as cross linking agent. The optimization of prepared nanoparticles was carried out using Box-Behnken design with 3 factors 2 levels and 3 responses. The independent variables were A)5-FU concentration B)LCP concentration and C) sonication time while the responses were R1) Drug entrapment efficiency R2) Drug loading efficiency and R3) Particle size. The correlation between factors and responses were studied through response surface plots and mathematical equations. The nanoparticles were evaluated for FTIR, physicochemical properties like particle size and zeta potential by Photon correlation spectroscopy (PCS) and surface morphology by TEM. The entrapment efficiency, drug loading efficiency and in vitro drug release studies in PBS pH 7.4 (24 h) were carried out. The observed values were found to be in close agreement with the predicted value obtained from the optimization process. Results: 5-fluorouracil loaded LCP nanoparticles were prepared by desolvation method, the optimization was carried out by Box-Behnken design and the final formulation was evaluated for particle size (301.1 nm), zeta-potential (-25.8mV), PDI(0.226), with entrapment efficiency (64.07%), drug loading efficiency (28.54%), in vitro drug release (65.2% in 24 h) respectively. The formulated nanoparticles show Higuchi model drug release kinetics with sustained drug delivery for 24 h in pH7.4 buffer. Conclusion: The results were proved to be the most valuable for the sustained delivery of 5-Fluorouracil using liquorice crude protein as carrier. 5-FU–LCP nanoparticles were prepared using Tween-80 as stabilizing agent and gluteraldehyde as cross-linking agent to possess ideal sustained drug release characteristics.
Human–Machine Adaptive Shared Control for Safe Driving Under Automation Degradation

In this article, a human–machine adaptive shared control method is proposed for automated vehicles (AVs) under automation performance degradation. First, a novel risk assessment module is proposed to monitor driving behavior and evaluate automation performance degradation for AVs. Then, an adaptive control authority allocation module is developed. In the event of any performance degradation, the control authority allocated to the automation system is decreased based on the assessed risk. Consequently, the control authority allocated to a human driver is adaptively increased and thus requires more driver engagement in the control loop to compensate for the automation degradation and ensure the vehicle’s safety. Experimental validation is conducted under different driving scenarios. The test results show that the approach can effectively compensate for vehicle automation performance degradation through human–machine adaptive shared control, ensuring the safety of automated driving.
Aortic size in children: Systolic measurements are different from diastolic measurements

Background: Current guidelines recommended aortic measurements during diastole in adults and during systole in children. Recent studies in adults have demonstrated noteworthy differences in aortic measurements during systole and diastole in the same subjects. In the present study, we aimed to characterize systolic and diastolic differences in aortic measurements in healthy children. Materials and Methods : This retrospective study included 272 children who had a complete echocardiogram and no heart disease. Aortic measurements at the annulus (ANN), aortic root (AOR), sinotubular junction (STJ), and ascending aorta (AAO) were performed. Systolic and diastolic values were compared by calculating the mean systolic to diastolic (SD) percent difference for each segment; if the SD difference was >5%, it was considered clinically important. Similar measurements were conducted by another observer in 18% of the subjects. Results: Systolic measurements were larger than diastolic measurements with mean SD percent differences >5% (P < 0.001) for the AOR (7.3% ± 5.5%), STJ (10.24% ± 7.1%), and AAO (9.8% ± 7.4%). There was no clinically significant SD difference for the ANN. There was an excellent intraclass correlation coefficient between observers (0.982–0.995). Conclusions: Systolic measurements for the AOR, STJ, and AAO were larger than diastolic measurements. Normal reference values are utilized to design treatment for patients with abnormal aortic sizes, and the timing in the cardiovascular cycle used to decide the reference values should be equivalent to the timing used to make measurements in clinical practice. This is particularly imperative as patients transition their care from a pediatric to an adult cardiologist.
Effect of different types of industrial wastewater on the bacterial community of urban rivers

Abstract Although the health of rivers is threatened by multiple anthropogenic stressors with increasing frequency, the impacts of different types of industrial pollution with regard to the structure and diversity of the bacterial community in the river have not been fully recorded. In order to study the composition and interaction of bacterial communities and co-occurrence patterns of bacterial communities in rivers polluted by different industries, we sampled the sewage outfalls of textile factory, food manufacturer, steel plant and lighting factory. The result showed that the bacterial community composition significantly differed in the rivers polluted by distinct types of industrial pollution. In addition, correlation-based network analysis showed that the microbial under different industrial pollution types have a nonrandom modular structure, and the nodes in the different modules perform different functions. In summary, adaptive changes in the composition of bacterial communities in rivers and the occurrence of species interactions are responses to different types of industrial pollution.