Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Dermal Fillers in Aesthetics: An Overview of Adverse Events and Treatment Approaches

Background: The ever-expanding range of dermal filler products for aesthetic soft tissue augmentation is of benefit for patients and physicians, but as indications and the number of procedures performed increase, the number of complications will likely also increase. Objective: To describe potential adverse events associated with dermal fillers and to provide structured and clear guidance on their treatment and avoidance. Methods: Reports of dermal filler complications in the medical literature were reviewed and, based on the publications retrieved and the authors' extensive experience, recommendations for avoiding and managing complications are provided. Results: Different dermal fillers have widely varying properties, associated risks, and injection requirements. All dermal fillers have the potential to cause complications. Most are related to volume and technique, though some are associated with the material itself. The majority of adverse reactions are mild and transient, such as bruising and trauma-related edema. Serious adverse events are rare, and most are avoidable with proper planning and technique. Conclusion: For optimum outcomes, aesthetic physicians should have a detailed understanding of facial anatomy; the individual characteristics of available fillers; their indications, contraindications, benefits, and drawbacks; and ways to prevent and avoid potential complications.
Sequential measurements of glomerular filtration rate in conscious rats by a bolus injection of iodixanol and a single blood sample

To estimate the glomerular filtration rate (GFR) sequentially in conscious rats, we validated a single‐blood‐sample method using a bolus injection of the nonionic contrast medium iodixanol as a tracer. First, to clarify basal age‐related GFR profiles, iodixanol was intravenously administered once weekly at 1500 mg kg−1 I to clinically healthy male F344 rats from 6 to 15 weeks of age. The blood sample was collected 120 min later, and serum iodixanol concentration was measured by HPLC. GFR values decreased gradually by 9 weeks, presumably due to rapidly increased body weights, and then remained constant from 10 weeks onward. When converting the GFR from body weight to body surface area, the reference range (40–60 ml min−1 m−2) in the latter was much more stable than that (6–11 ml min−1 kg−1) in the former. For nephropathy rats induced by cisplatin (3.75–7.5 mg kg−1, i.v., single dose), bromoethylamine hydrobromide (BEA, 250–500 mg kg−1, i.v., single dose) or puromycin aminonucleoside (PAN, 15 mg kg−1 day−1, s.c., 10 days), GFR decreased or tended to decrease before increasing in serum urea nitrogen (UN) and creatinine concentrations. Accordingly, serum UN and creatinine concentrations became elevated when the GFR decreased to 50–60% of the basal value. This method without urine collection contributes to the reduction of animal numbers because of repeated application to the same animals. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Joseph A. Schumpeter: An Introduction$fr:1$f:0034–6764/94/0601-256/$1.50/0$ef:

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Textbook of Glaucoma.

Textbook of Glaucoma. By M Bruce Shields. 4th ed. Pp 588; £85. Philadelphia: Williams and Wilkins, 1997. ISBN 0683-07693-0. This is the 4th edition of Bruce Shields’ excellent book, appearing about 5 years after the last edition. The text has been thoroughly revised and as noted in the preface 2300 original papers have been reviewed for this edition with 1440 new references incorporated into the text. For the first time a companion volume entitled Colour Atlas of Glaucoma has been produced which was not available for review. The text and photographs follow the same order in the two volumes. …
Introduction: Psyche and Morpheus

The awareness and understanding on the interdependencies linking psychological functioning and sleep in children have steadily been rising in the last 2 decades. Lifestyle and societal expectations have sustained major changes, evidently imposed by the ever accelerating and increasingly intense pace of professional life and technological advances. Our daily lives and societal norms have been dismantled to a great extent, and newly adapting behaviors have radically changed many of our biological rhythms and habits. Multiple examples of such vanishing routines abound. For example, family dinners, which served to routinely congregate and interact around the table, are increasingly being replaced by individual dispersion within the household and chaotic food practices. In certain societies that for centuries cultivated the tradition of afternoon napping (i.e., siesta), there is really only nostalgia left for those days when every one indulged in the restorative effects of an early afternoon nap. The imposition of so many demands on our work and home schedules has led to the erosion of the duration of sleep. However, relatively little attention has been paid to the impact of a “sleep restricted” society on daytime functioning and quality of life. More particularly, recent studies have uncovered that even children are markedly affected by these societal changes, and similar to their parents, bedtime routines and sleep duration have sustained substantial changes at the detriment of sleep quality and duration. As a corollary of the changes in sleep patterns, increased evidence has pointed to the associations between sleep problems and a wide range of psychological problems, such as disturbed mood, dysregulated emotion, behavior problems, cognitive losses, memory deficits, and reduced school performance and self esteem. In this special issue of the journal, we have attempted to provide a window into the diverse bidirectional relationships between psychosocial functioning and sleep disorders. The articles included in this issue are all original studies with completely new and exciting findings in the field. Taken together, I believe that these studies represent a major advance in our understanding of the association between disrupted sleep and psychomotor functioning and vice versa. The first study in the issue, by Ferri and colleagues, illustrates the sleep and cognitive issues that afflict children with the intriguing and relatively frequent condition of narcolepsy, and the impact of this disorder characterized by excessive daytime sleepiness on cognitive functioning. Dr. Bruni and collaborators present exciting findings linking specific alterations in sleep microDEVELOPMENTAL NEUROPSYCHOLOGY, 34(5), 521–522 Copyright © 2009 Taylor & Francis Group, LLC ISSN: 8756-5641 print / 1532-6942 online DOI: 10.1080/87565640903133343
Metastatic lobular breast carcinoma mimicking multiple myeloma

[Figure][1] A 74-year-old woman presented with fatigue and normocytic anemia (hemoglobin 64 g/L and mean corpuscular volume 82 fL). Erythrocyte sedimentation rate was 131 mm/h; creatinine, 150 g/L; and ferritin, 1608 g/L. Protein electrophoresis showed no monoclonal protein, but κ free
White Matter in Aging and Cognition: A Cross-Sectional Study of Microstructure in Adults Aged Eighteen to Eighty-Three

Structural brain change and concomitant cognitive decline are the seemingly unavoidable escorts of aging. Despite accumulating studies detailing the effects of age on the brain and cognition, the relationship between white matter features and cognitive function in aging have only recently received attention and remain incompletely understood. White matter microstructure can be measured with diffusion tensor imaging (DTI), but whether DTI can provide unique information on brain aging that is not explained by white matter volume is not known. In the current study, the relationship between white matter microstructure, age, and neuropsychological function was assessed using DTI in a statistical framework that employed white matter volume as a voxel-wise covariate in a sample of 120 healthy adults across a broad age range (18–83). Memory function and executive function were modestly correlated with the DTI measures while processing speed showed the greatest extent of correlation. The results suggest that age-related white matter alterations underlie age-related declines in cognitive function. Mean diffusivity and fractional anisotropy in several white matter brain regions exhibited a nonlinear relationship with age, while white matter volume showed a primarily linear relationship with age. The complex relationships between cognition, white matter microstructure, and white matter volume still require further investigation.
Silver nanoparticle‐induced oxidative stress, genotoxicity and apoptosis in cultured cells and animal tissues

Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) have emerged as an important class of nanomaterials for a wide range of industrial and medical applications. However, the unique properties of AgNPs could potentially lead to unexpected hazards to both human health and the well being of the environment. Possible mechanisms of AgNP‐induced toxicity include the stimulation of oxidative stress, genotoxicity and apoptosis. In this study, a number of previous studies are therefore summarized that demonstrate oxidative stress‐, genotoxicity‐ and apoptosis‐related changes brought about by AgNPs in cultured cells and animal tissues. The physicochemical properties of AgNPs that are involved in encouraging such changes are also discussed. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Lipid-Soluble Antioxidants: β-Carotene and α-Tocopherol Levels in Breast and Gynecologic Cancers

Abstract Free radical-induced damage is etiologically implicated in many chronic diseases including cancer. Epidemiologic data suggest an association between increased dietary intake of nutrients that are high in antioxidant vitamins and protection against the incidence of some human cancers. The purpose of this study was (a) to determine whether specific tissue antioxidants (β-carotene and α-tocopherol) and any differences in their levels were measurable in randomly selected human breast and gynecologic malignant neoplasms and nonneoplastic tissue samples obtained from the same patient and (b) to establish normal ranges of these two antioxidant levels in human female reproductive tract tissues. Tissue samples were excised immediately from surgical specimens and released by staff pathologists from a spectrum of human female cancers. Neoplastic and adjacent nonneoplastic tissues samples were obtained from the same patient. Normal reproductive tract tissue samples were obtained from women undergoing hysterectomy for benign gynecologic conditions. Breast carcinoma and adjacent nonmalignant tissue specimens were obtained from women undergoing mastectomy. The concentrations of β-carotene and α-tocopherol were measured by high-pressure liquid chromatography. In the same patient, β-carotene levels were significantly lower in the cervical ( P P P P P P P
Partial Amelioration of Medial Visceromotor Network Dysfunction in Major Depression by Sertraline

Objectives Major depression is associated with reduced cardiac vagal control, most commonly indexed by heart rate variability. To examine the dynamics of this abnormality, we examined within-participant covariation over time between brain activity, cardiac vagal control, and depressive symptoms in depressed patients treated with sertraline and in healthy volunteers. Methods Patients with depression and nondepressed control participants were enrolled in a 12-week protocol. After Week 0 assessment, patients began treatment with sertraline. Neural activity and vagal control were measured for all participants at Weeks 0, 2, 6, and 12 using functional magnetic resonance imaging and synchronized electrocardiographic recordings. At each of the four assessments, a moving window analysis was used to estimate vagal control as assessed by respiratory sinus arrhythmia (RSA) from the electrocardiographic data, which was then regressed onto functional magnetic resonance imaging activity. Results At baseline, patients showed reduced blood oxygen level–dependent RSA covariation compared with controls within multiple a priori brain regions associated with vagal control, collectively described as the medial visceromotor network (MVN). Sertraline treatment led to a significant increase in brain-RSA covariation for patients compared with controls, despite a lack of improvement in mean RSA. Conclusions These data suggest a partial normalization of MVN dysfunction in depression during sertraline treatment. Specifically, results indicate a partial recovery of MVN function. However, this recovery was insufficient to cause a significant change in RSA levels. These results may help to explain both improvements with and limitations of sertraline treatment of depression.
Behavioral and Neural Foundations of Multisensory Face-Voice Perception in Infancy

ABSTRACT In this article, we describe behavioral and neurophysiological evidence for infants’ multimodal face-voice perception. We argue that the behavioral development of face-voice perception, like multimodal perception more broadly, is consistent with the intersensory redundancy hypothesis (IRH). Furthermore, we highlight that several recently observed features of the neural responses in infants converge with the behavioral predictions of the intersensory redundancy hypothesis. Finally, we discuss the potential benefits of combining brain and behavioral measures to study multisensory processing, as well as some applications of this work for atypical development.
Effects of Asian sand dust particles on the respiratory and immune system

Epidemiologic studies have reported that Asian sand dust (ASD) particles can affect respiratory health; however, the mechanisms remain unclear. We investigated the effects of ASD on airway epithelial cells and immune cells, and their contributing factors to the effects. Human airway epithelial cells were exposed to ASD collected on 1–3 May (ASD1) and on 12–14 May (ASD2) 2011 in Japan and heat‐treated ASD1 for excluding heat‐sensitive substances (H‐ASD) at a concentration of 0, 3, 30 or 90 µg ml–1 for 4 or 24 h. Furthermore, bone marrow‐derived dendritic cells (BMDC) from atopic prone mice were differentiated by culture with granulocyte‐macrophage colony‐stimulating factor (GM‐CSF) then these BMDC were exposed to the ASD for 24 h. Also splenocytes as mixture of immune cells were exposed to the ASD for 72 h. All ASD dose dependently reduced viability of airway epithelial cells. Non‐heated ASD showed a dose‐dependent increase in the protein release of interleukin (IL)‐6 and IL‐8. The raises induced by ASD1 were higher than those by ASD2. ASD1 and ASD2 also elevated ICAM‐1 at the levels of mRNA, cell surface protein and soluble protein in culture medium. In contrast, H‐ASD did not change most of these biomarkers. Non‐heated ASD showed enhancement in the protein expression of DEC205 on BMDC and in the proliferation of splenocytes, whereas H‐ASD did not. These results suggest that ASD affect airway epithelial cells and immune cells such as BMDC and splenocytes. Moreover, the difference in ASD events and components adhered to ASD can contribute to the health effects. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Keratoconjunctivitis sicca: Sex incidence

This paper was presented at the Seventeenth Annual Meeting of the American College of Veterinary Ophthalmologists and The International Society of Veterinary Ophthalmologists in New Orleans, Louisiana, November, 1986. ABSTRACT The higher incidence of Sjogren's syndrome in the female sex is well recognised and, more recently, attention has been drawn to the greater number of cases of keratoconjunctivitis sicca in the dog occurring in the female than in the male, particularly in the West Highland white terrier. Similarly, in the mouse laboratory model for Sjogren's syndrome more severe lesions were found in the female. In a recent toxicity study 5-aminosalicylic acid caused keratoconjunctivitis sicca in the dog and in this trial the females had lower average Schirmer tear test readings in all the dose groups, progression was more pronounced in the female and there was a higher incidence of keratoconjunctivitis sicca in the female than in the male.
In vitro exposure of DE‐71, a penta‐PBDE mixture, on immune endpoints in bottlenose dolphins (Tursiops truncatus) and B6C3F1 mice

Polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) are an emerging contaminant of concern with low level exposures demonstrating toxicity in laboratory animals and wildlife, although immunotoxicity studies have been limited. Bottlenose dolphin peripheral blood leukocytes (PBLs) and mouse splenocytes were exposed to environmentally relevant DE‐71 (a penta‐PBDE mixture) concentrations (0–50 µg ml−1) in vitro. Natural killer (NK) cell activity and lymphocyte (B and T cell) proliferation were evaluated using the parallelogram approach for risk assessment. This study aimed to substantiate results from field studies with dolphins, assess the sensitivities between the mouse model and dolphins, and to evaluate risk using the parallelogram approach. In mouse cells, NK cell activity increased at in vitro doses 0.05, 0.5 and 25 µg DE‐71 ml−1, whereas proliferation was not modulated. In dolphin cells, NK cell activity and lymphocyte proliferation was not altered after in vitro exposure. In vitro exposure of dolphin PBLs to DE‐71 showed similar results to correlative field studies; NK cell activity in mice was more sensitive to in vitro exposure than dolphins, and the parallelogram approach showed correlation with all three endpoints to predict risk in bottlenose dolphins. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Pentoxifylline Inhibits TNF- α Production from Human Alveolar Macrophages

Tumor necrosis factor- α (TNF- α ) is an important proinflammatory cytokine. Recently, pentoxifylline (POF) has been shown to suppress the synthesis of TNF- α from lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated human monocytes in cell cultures and in vivo. The aim of this study was to investigate whether POF-induced suppression of TNF- α secretion affects peripheral blood monocytes (PBM) and alveolar macrophages (AM) equally, and whether POF is able to suppress the spontaneous TNF- α production from AM in pulmonary sarcoidosis in vitro. In seven patients without interstitial lung disease we studied the effect of POF on LPS-stimulated PBM and AM cultured for 24 h. In six patients with sarcoidosis we investigated the effect of POF on the enhanced spontaneous TNF- α production by AM in vitro. POF induced a dose-dependent suppression of the LPS-stimulated TNF- α production which was not different for PBM and AM, respectively. In sarcoidosis, POF inhibited the spontaneous TNF- α production of AM at 0.1 mM by 91% and at 1.
The Mental Stress Ischemia Prognosis Study: Objectives, Study Design, and Prevalence of Inducible Ischemia

Objective Mental stress–induced myocardial ischemia (MSIMI) is a common phenomenon in patients with coronary artery disease (CAD), but contemporary studies of its prognostic significance and its underlying pathophysiology are limited. Methods We prospectively enrolled patients with confirmed CAD in the Mental Stress Ischemia Prognosis Study (MIPS) between 2011 and 2014. All patients underwent mental stress testing using a standardized public speaking task, and ischemia was detected by 99mTc-sestamibi myocardial perfusion imaging. Patients also underwent conventional stress testing for myocardial ischemia (CSIMI) using exercise or pharmacological stress testing. Furthermore, digital microvascular flow, endothelial function, arterial stiffness, and blood sample collections were performed before, during, and after mental stress. Two-year adverse clinical outcomes are being assessed. Results Six-hundred ninety-five patients completed baseline enrollment in the MIPS. Their mean (standard deviation) age was 62.9 (9.1) years, 72% were men, 30% were African American, and 32% had a history myocardial infarction. The prevalence of MSIMI and CSIMI is 16.1% and 34.7%, respectively. A total of 151 patients (22.9%) had only CSIMI, 28 (4.2%) had only MSIMI, and 78 (11.8%) had both MSIMI and CSIMI. Patients with ischemia had a lower ejection fraction and higher prevalence of previous coronary artery bypass grafting compared with those without inducible ischemia (p < .050). The prevalence of obstructive CAD was not statistically different between patients with and without MSIMI (p = .426); in contrast, it was higher in patients with CSIMI (p < .001). Conclusions The MIPS data will provide useful information to assess the prognostic significance and underlying mechanisms of MSIMI.
Caractersticas patolgicas asociadas al carcinoma de mama HER-2 positivo

Objective: To determine the prevalence and associated characteristics of HER-2 overexpression in infiltrative primary breast cancer. Materials and Methods: From October through December 2003 and from May through December 2004, 274 cases of infiltrative primary breast carcinoma were studied and pathological characteristics correlation with HER-2 overexpression 3+ was determined at Edgardo Rebagliati Martins National Hospital’s Pathological Anatomy Department. Results: Three plus HER-2 overexpression was found in 64 (23,4%) cases, 2+ in 9 (3,3%) and negative (1+ or 0) in 201 (73,4%) cases. The non-specified infiltrative ductal histology type was present in 211 (77%) cases, and the infiltrative lobulillar in 27 (9,9%). We determined associated 3+ overexpression in non-specified infiltrative ductal carcinoma (p=0,0001), nipple Paget’s disease (p <0,0001), and when estrogen receptors tumor expression was absent (p <0,0001). Only the absence of estrogen receptors expression was an independent associated characteristic (p <0,0001). Conclusions: The prevalence of 3+ overexpression occurred in 23,4% of the cases, and the associated characteristics were the non-specified infiltrative ductal histology type, nipple Paget’s disease, and the absence of estrogen receptors expression.