Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Effect of Customer Security on Performance of Online Banking on Microfinance Institutions in Nakuru Town, Kenya

The study aimed at determining the effect of customer security on the performance of online banking on microfinance institutions in Nakuru CBD. The study is significant to the Microfinance Institutions in that; it will benefit management and staff of MFI and the government understudy by gaining insights into how their institution can effectively deal with the challenges that they face in managing their clients and ensuring they grow their business. The increasing number of consumers of online banking shows that the level of adoption of online banking has improved. Several variables can influence the amount of adoption of online banking. The researcher used survey design where the target population comprised of 35 respondents. These were Branch managers, Chief Credit officer/s and the IT support of the MFI in Nakuru CBD. The study used census method, and a questionnaire containing closed-ended questions was used as the data collection instrument for the research. Descriptive statistics were used in data analysis and presentation of the results was in the form of tables, charts and graphs. The findings revealed that security affects the implementation of online banking to a large extent. Based on this finding, the researcher recommended that Microfinance Institutions should improve on issues concerning customer security in that, there should be no delay. The researcher suggested further study should be done on factors affecting adoption of M-Pesa money transfer bill payment.
"Off label" use of the ReMotionTM total wrist for treatment of advanced stage of post-traumatic pancarpal wrist osteoarthritis: Report of two cases and review of literature

The ReMotion total wrist is one 3rd generation implant which is current in use. Mid- to long-term outcomes regarding its survivorship revealed satisfying results. However, this implant has a design-related issue resulting in development of painful radial-side impingement. We present two cases involving two modified implantation techniques ((1) complete removal of scaphoid accompanied by partial cement augmentation of the radial-side fixation screw for carpal component, and (2) positioning of both fixation screws for carpal component into the scaphoid adjacent to the capitate peg without crossing the carpometacarpal joins) which could be able to avoid this specific complication. However, such an “off label” use in the absence of a larger number of patients and further biomechanical investigations can only be used in single cases currently.
Article 13 Information to be provided where personal data are collected from the data subject

Article 5(1) (Principle of fairness, lawfulness and transparency); Article 12 (Transparent information, communication and modalities for the exercise of the rights of the data subject); Article 14 (Information to be provided where personal data have not been obtained from the data subject); Article 15 (Right of access by the data subject); Article 23 (Restrictions); Article 34 (Communication of a personal data breach to the data subject).
Trehalose Stabilizes Lysozyme: A Biophysical and Docking Approach towards Understanding the Mechanism of Co-solute Engineering

Natural selection is believed to be an unforgiving and ceaseless force in the evolution of life on earth. An organism that cannot adopt a changing environment or an environmental hostile to cell functions is at risk as a species. So it is important to understand the mechanism used by the plants, animals and microorganisms in adapting to environments involve such stresses as extremes of temperature, pH, cellular hydration, desiccation, high extracellular salt environments and even the presence of denaturing concentration of urea inside cells. A phylogenetically diverse class of organisms can survive almost complete dehydration. Proteins in vitro lose their structure and function under such stress and, organism should die under such conditions, but organism survives due to presence of some wonder molecules through co-solute engineering by the nature. Included in this list are some plant seeds, fungal spores some nematodes, rotifers and cysts of some crustacean embryos such as the brine shrimp artemia. Nature has adopted a unique method to fight such stress. These organisms typically contain high concentration of many osmolytes that stabilize protein against different stresses and their presence does not alter protein activity. This study shows that trehalose provides the stability to the protein without bringing any change in the protein conformation. The Tm (midpoint of denaturation profile), an index of stability of protein, increases in the presence of trehalose. CD, fluorescence and UV-vis spectroscopy shows that structure of the protein remains intact in a wide range of trehalose. Molecular docking further validated these data.
Characterizing and identifying single molecules by scanning probe microscopy using functionalized tips

Scanning probe microscopy techniques offer the unique possibility to characterize and manipulate atomic-scale objects atom-by-atom. In this thesis, we study structural and electronic properties of single molecules, defects and atoms on two-monolayer thick NaCl islands on Cu(111) by a combination of low-temperature scanning tunneling microscopy (STM), atomic force microscopy (AFM) and Kelvin probe force microscopy (KPFM). Specifically, we exploit the enhanced resolution obtained with functionalized tips; a deterministic chemical modification of the last atoms of the scanning probe tip. First, the performance of different tip functionalizations is assessed and based on these findings, the underlying contrast mechanisms in AFM and KPFM could be identified. Next, different molecular model systems are examined to describe how important molecular properties such as chemical structure, bond order, adsorption geometry and intramolacular charge distribution can be measured by AFM. Thereby, current understanding of the qualitative and quantitative AFM and KPFM contrast is pushed forward. Then, we apply atomic-resolution AFM and molecular orbital imaging by STM to identify and characterize synthetic products, purified natural compounds and complex mixtures. Finally, atomic manipulation is used to trigger chemical reactions on single molecules, to generate defect structures on the surface, to control the charge state of adatoms and mechanically actuate an atomic switch implemented by an embedded adatom.
Association of monthly allowance with body-mass index and body image perception among students

Introduction: It is well documented fact that there are differences in the actual and perceived body image among both sexes. This study was aimed to assess the association of monthly allowance with body-mass index (BMI), and body image perception among university students. Methods: The design of this study was a cross sectional design A total of 152 students were registered from the International Islamic University Malaysia, Kuantan Campus.A questionnaire administered comprised of three sections i.e. socio-demographic, anthropometric and body image perception data using Figure Rating Scale (FRS) & Shape Questionnaire (BSQ). The collected data on the three aspects were compiled and statistically analyzed using descriptive analysis and Pearson correlation analysis. Results: The statistical analysis revealed that there was no association between the student students’ allowance and body image perception, however, still using considerable amount of their allowances for looking good. The FRS assessment shows that the respondents perceived degree of self-discrepancy between current and ideal body image. The body image perception assessed with BSQ showed the respondents are least concern about body shape. However, there was significant P<0.05) association between body-mass index (BMI) and body image perception assessed with FRS and BSQ. Conclusions: This study indicates that there is a general trend among the students that when their BMI increases consequently their body image satisfaction decreases. Therefore, it can be inferred that the students spend considerable amount of their stipend on looking good and due to the miss-perception of body image satisfaction.
Structural and thermogravimetric studies of group I and II borohydrides

This thesis investigates the structure and thermal behaviour of LiBH4, NaBH4, KBH4, LiK(BH4)2, Ca(BH4)2 and Sr(BH4)2. LiK(BH4)2 is the first mixed alkali metal borohydride and was synthesised and characterised during this work. The crystal structures of these borohydrides were studied using variable temperature neutron and synchrotron X-ray diffraction. The synthesis of isotopically enriched samples of 7Li11BD4, Li11BD4, Na11BD4 and K11BD4 allowed high quality neutron diffraction data to be collected. Particular attention was paid to the exact geometry of the borohydride ions which were generally found to be perfect tetrahedra but with orientational disorder. New structures of Ca(BH4)2 were identified and the first crystal structure of Sr(BH4)2 was determined from synchrotron X-ray diffraction data. Solid state 11B NMR and Raman spectroscopy provided further information about the structure of these borohydrides. The thermal behaviour of the borohydrides was investigated using thermogravimetric analysis with mass spectrometry of the decomposition gas products. Hydrogen is the main decomposition gas product from all of these compounds but small amounts of B2H6 and BH3 were also detected during decomposition. Thermogravimetic analyses of Na11BD4 and K11BD4 were completed whilst collecting in-situ neutron diffraction data allowing information about structural changes and mass losses to be combined in order to better understand the decomposition process.
Importance of phase behavior on the removal of residual DNAPLs from porous media by alcohol flooding

A promising method of accelerating the removal of re sidual DNAPLs from aquifers involves the mobilization of trapped glob ules by alcohol flooding. This technology was originally developed in the petroleum industry for the recovery of residual oil after waterflooding. Alcohols can significantly reduce the interfacial tension between the re sidual DNAPLs and the aqueous phase, allowing for mobilization of trapped globules through pore constrictions. In addition, laboratory batch and column results show that certain alcohols preferentially partition into the DNAPL phase, swelling the residual DNAPL globules consid erably and at the same time reducing their density significantly. The swollen DNAPL globules become a relatively continuous phase during flooding, making them much easier to displace than disconnected resid uals. Density reduction makes the mobilized DNAPL easier to control, and reduces the potential for further downward migration into uncon taminated portions of the aquifer. Laboratory column results confirm that residual trichloroethylene and tetrachloroethylene globules can be effectively removed from glass bead packings at low upflow gradients using preferentially DNAPL-soluble alcohols. Water Environ. Res., 65, 869(1993).
Significance and role of using electronic communications in entrepreneurial companies

With the development of computer science, time and computer networks, primarily the Internet, as well as the increasing use of information and communication technologies in the company's business, it establishes a new form of business, and thus the economy. For several years, computing has been ranked high on political agendas in Europe and the world. Today, the European Commission considers computing to be literacy, which is the basis for understanding how digital technologies work and serves the development of 21st century skills, such as, among other things, "electronic business, ie. digital economics and analytical thinking. E-business operates on different principles in relation to the old economy and requires a different economic philosophy. Information, ideas, innovation and knowledge that create values, growth and productivity. The modern way of doing business guarantees a better access to the market and thus increases the position of companies, especially small and medium enterprises, in time and better use of their own resources provided by information and communication technologies. Companies, ie. SMEs in their challenges in the later stages of development will be precisely that, the better position in the global Internet market with its basic premises of creating good material bases and time make their offer accessible to potential consumers.
Intensity of Damage in the Aging Process of Buildings

Predicting the aging process of residential buildings carried out using traditional technologies is necessary when planning refurbishment works in these buildings. The article presents a picture of the changes in the technical condition of a not refurbished building constructed in traditional technology, in the form of a function describing the aging process according to the PRRD (Prediction of Reliability according to Rayleigh Distribution) model developed by the author. The results of analyses of the relationships between the function of the intensity of damage and the function of unreliability, as well as the function of changes in the performance characteristics of a building which had not undergone refurbishment during the entire course of its use are presented. Three levels of damage intensity during subsequent years of using the building were determined: safe, critical and unacceptable intensity.
The Correlation Between Maternal Postpartum Depression and Child Psychopathology

Background​: Postpartum depression (PPD) is a phenomenon that affects nearly 10-15% of pregnancies in the US. It is characterized by depressed mood or anhedonia and lasting for more than 2 week. PPD changes how moms interact with family members and child rearing behavior. Depression is a phenomenon that is also known to affect the psychopathology of children. However, the specifics of how postpartum depression impacts children remains controversial. Many studies do not control for major depressive disorder which makes it difficult to disentangle the impact depression has within the first year of life. Furthermore, other PPD risk factors may be confounding the effect PPD has on child psychopathology. Aims: 1. Identify risk factors for PPD in the areas of: A) birth outcomes, B) prenatal behaviors, C) maternal mental health, and D) SES 2. Identify associations between PPD and child psychopathology 3. Identify associations between relevant child psychopathology (identified in aim 2) and select PPD risk factors (identified in aim 1). 4. Determine the GxE interaction for select birth outcomes and select child psychopathology. Methods: This is a retrospective cohort study from the Virginia Twin Study of Adolescent Behavioral Development (VTSABD). There were 855 moms included for analysis with 7.46% reporting PPD and 1710 relevant twin pairs. Results: 1. PPD was associated with: A) child fretting and staying with other family members, B) drinking alcohol during pregnancy, C) major depressive disorder and panic disorder, and, D) marital satisfaction 2. PPD was associated with ADHD and conduct disorder with the main driver being ADHD. 3. ADHD was linked to: A)fretting and staying with other family members, B) drinking alcohol at least once per week C) postpartum depression and alcoholism, and D) low income and low familial education 4. Twin Correlations reveal that fretting and ADHD is driven by genetics. Staying with other family members is driven by the environment. PPD increases genetic heritability of children’s ADHD. Discussion: ​Having postpartum depression increases the odds that children have ADHD by increasing the genetic variance.
Understanding the Effect of Different Polymeric Surfactants on Enhancing the Silicon/Reduced Graphene Oxide Anode Performance

Silicon-based lithium-ion battery anodes have brought encouraging results to the current state-of-the-art battery technologies due to their high theoretical capacity, but their large-scale application has been hampered by a large volume change (>300%) of silicon upon lithium insertion and extraction, which leads to severe electrode pulverization and capacity degradation. Polymeric surfactants directing the combination of silicon nanoparticles and reduced graphene oxide have attracted great interest as promising choices for accommodating the huge volume variation of silicon. However, the influence of different polymeric surfactants on improving the electrochemical performance of silicon/reduced graphene oxide (Si/RGO) anodes remains unclear because of the different structural configurations of polymeric surfactants. Here, we systematically study the effect of different polymeric surfactants on enhancing the Si/RGO anode performance. Three of the most well-known polymeric surfactants, poly(sodium 4-styrenes.
Got Bots? Practical Recommendations to Protect Online Survey Data from Bot Attacks

The Internet has been a popular source of data amongst academic researchers for many years, and for good reason. Online data collection is fast, provides access to hard-to-reach populations, and is often less expensive than in-lab recruitment. With these beneﬁts also come risks, such as duplicate responses or participant inattention, which can signiﬁcantly reduce data quality. Very recently, researchers have become aware of another concern associated with online data collection. Bots, also known as automatic survey-takers or fraudsters, have begun inﬁltrating scientiﬁc surveys, largely threatening the integrity of academic research conducted online. The aim of this paper is to warn researchers of the threat posed by bots and to highlight practical strategies that can be used to detect and prevent these bots. We ﬁrst discuss strategies recommended in the literature that we implemented to identify bot responses from online survey data we collected in the past six months. We then share which strategies proved to be most and least effective in detecting bots. Finally, we discuss the implications of bot-generated data for the integrity of online research and the imminent future of bots in online data collection.
Simultaneous Detection of Nine Kinds of Estrogens in Water by Solid Phase Extraction Coupled with Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry

Nine target compounds including estrone (E-1), 17 beta-estradiol (17 beta-E-2), estriol (E-3) 4-octylphenol(4-OP), 4-nonylphenol (4-NP), bisphenol A (BPA), diethylstilbestrol (DES), mestranol (EE3ME) and 17 alpha-ethinyl estradiol (17 alpha-EE2) were simultaneous detected by SPE-GC-MS. Extraction and derivatization conditions were optimized. The results showed that the average recoveries of the nine target estrogens extracted by Oasis HLB cartridges were higher than those by Satara cartridges, the optimal temperature of derivatization reaction was 75 degrees C and the optimal time of derivatization reaction was 90 min. The average recoveries of the nine target estrogens by Oasis HLB cartridges were 60.5% - 126.7%, and the relative standard deviations (RSD) were 0.8% - 11.1%, and the limits of detection (LOD) ranged from 1.08 ng/L to 8.60 ng/L. This method has been employed to detect the estrogens in environment samples from rivers.
Highly Conductive Optical Quality Solution‐Processed Films of 2D Titanium Carbide

MXenes comprise a new class of solution‐dispersable, 2D nanomaterials formed from transition metal carbides and nitrides such as Ti3C2. Here, it is shown that 2D Ti3C2 can be assembled from aqueous solutions into optical quality, nanometer thin films that, at 6500 S cm−1, surpass the conductivity of other solution‐processed 2D materials, while simultaneously transmitting >97% of visible light per‐nanometer thickness. It is shown that this high conductivity is due to a metal‐like free‐electron density as well as a high degree of coplanar alignment of individual nanosheets achieved through spincasting. Consequently, the spincast films exhibit conductivity over a macroscopic scale that is comparable to the intrinsic conductivity of the constituent 2D sheets. Additionally, optical characterization over the ultraviolet‐to‐near‐infrared range reveals the onset of free‐electron plasma oscillations above 1130 nm. Ti3C2 is therefore a potential building block for plasmonic applications at near‐infrared wavelengths and constitutes the first example of a new class of solution‐processed, carbide‐based 2D optoelectronic materials.
Schizocladia ischiensis organellar genomes: estimating the origin of multicellularity in heterokonts and the emergence of shallow ocean ecosystems

Background Brown algae are key members of coastal marine ecosystems and the most recent eukaryotic lineage to transition to multicellularity. Browns are members of a heterogeneous assemblage of organisms, heterokonts, that include photosynthetic plankton, (e.g. diatoms) and non-photosynthetic taxa like the pseudofungi or labyrinthulas. We hypothesized that the origin of brown algae would coincide with the assembly of shallow coastal ecosystems. Testing this hypothesis required a robust estimate of the timeframe for the origin of multicellularity in the Gyristan (lineage including Oomycota and Ochrophyta) heterokonts and the diversification of the brown algae. A relaxed clock analysis that included organellar data from the closest sister of brown algae, Schizocladia ischiensis and other heterokonts enabled a robust estimation of this timeframe. Results Consistent with Gyristan heterokonts, the plastid and mitochondrial genomes of S. ischiensis were circular (cp ~138,101 bp, mt ~ 41,773 bp) with similar genes and genome architecture. The comparison of its organellar protein-coding genes with those of other heterokonts (21 cpDNA, 28 mtDNA) including outgroups were used to estimate the following divergence times: (1) The Gyristan assemblage split into autotrophic (Ochrophyta) and heterotrophic (Oomycetes) clades in the Paleozoic (~ 457 Ma) with the transition to multicellularity early in the Mesozoic. (2) Several phytoplankton lineages (e.g., Diatoms) diversified toward the end of the Mesozoic into the Cenozoic consistent with paleontological records and estimated stable oceanic conditions. (3) The brown algae, main architects of key coastal benthic ecosystems, arose toward the end of the Mesozoic with main lineages like the kelps or rockweeds diversifying into the Cenozoic. These divergences were consistent with fossil records and physical data for the emergence of shallow water coastal environments. Conclusions S. ischiensis’ organellar genomes combined with robust multigene phylogenomic molecular clock analyses placed the origin of brown algae late in the Mesozoic consistent to paleontological time estimates and plate tectonic models for the emergence of shallow coastal environments. These data robustly supported the hypothesis that the origin and diversification of brown algae was central to the assembly of rocky shallow coastal ecosystems. Furthermore, important communities like kelps forests or rockweed beds are relatively recent marine ecosystems.