Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The Application of Neurologically-Controlled Robotics to Actuated Feeding Arms

The medical industry is constantly performing research and trying to combat various diseases that afflict humans. Despite advancements in technology, there still remain diseases that have no cure but seem prime candidates for neurologically controlled robots. One such category of diseases consists of various muscular dystrophic diseases. Diseases such as ALS and Parkinson’s have limited options regarding treatment, but by brain controlled interfaces (BCI’s), robotics can help mitigate the impact on a patient’s quality of life. By utilizing a functioning mind, an electroencephalographic (EEG) helmet can be used to control various exoskeletal systems and even prosthesis in order to compensate for a damaged motor system. Through the use of neurologically controlled robotics, a user’s motor control and motor strength can be rehabilitated and maintained despite the effects of muscular dystrophic diseases. The goal of this project is to use this experiment to demonstrate the current effectiveness of brain actuated robotics and telepresence that utilize an EEG Sensor. From this assessment, recommendations and further improvements can be made to this existing technology for it to be better suited for electrical engineering and biomedical applications, while simultaneously taking the technology into a new realm of application. Acknowledgements This thesis is dedicated to my knowledgeable and guiding mentors, Raul Ordonez and Temesguen Kebede. Without their guidance would not have come to fruition. They made for an incredible learning experience. Also dedicated to Manoj Sharma for providing excellent electrical engineering guidance along the way.
Evaluation the effectiveness of the infrared flare with a tactic of dispensing in burst

This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of infrared (IR) flare against an IR missile with a tactic of dispensing in burst. Firstly, the models of aircraft motion, flare radiation and motion, and missile guidance are described. Secondly, the simulation process is built based on revised guidance loop considering three models, and two criteria to evaluate the effects of flares are given. Lastly, the three-dimensional flight simulations are accomplished. The miss distances due to flare dispensing range at different time intervals are plotted and analyzed. The results show that to achieve effective decoy on IR missile, the flares could be dispensed automatically at an optimum time interval, which is slightly smaller than flare burn time, or dispensed manually in the effective dispensing region at time interval near zero.
Comparison of IEEE 112 and new IEC standard 60034-2-1

This paper describes a comparative study of induction motor testing standards IEEE 112 and newly published IEC 60034-2-1, primarily used in the US and Europe, respectively. IEC 60034-2-1 has been refined from its earlier version IEC 60034-2 with reference to the IEEE counterpart. Six induction motors are tested following the two standards and the results are compared with regard to their instrumental accuracy and testing procedures. A quantitative method is devised to evaluate the measurement uncertainty which can be interpreted into an efficiency deviation by quadrature addition. This paper is aimed to provide a guideline on interpreting the measured machine efficiency values using these standards and to validate the new IEC standard.
The verge

A contrast is drawn between the complex balance of global climate change issues using an accessible, familiar approach: a house of cards. Satellite images of the Earth are used with accessible themes such as sea ice and cloud patterns. The implication is that complexity realized in this piece was very slow in developing and that the construction was a very slow, tedious process. A future history is represented where many of the environmental underpinnings have already given way, allowing the observer to experience the null space where components have disappeared. How close is this future history to our present?
Deadbeat feedforward compensation with frequency shaping in fast and precise positioning

This paper presents a novel deadbeat feedforward compensation in the fast and precise positioning control for mechatronic systems. The proposed compensator is designed considering the frequency shaping in control input to suppress the residual vibration, under the constraint of specified step number in position reference. A 2-degree-of-freedom positioning controller with the deadbeat feedforward compensation can ensure the required settling performance with the specified steps regardless of the positioning amplitude in reference. The effectiveness of the proposed approach has been verified by numerical simulations and experiments using a prototype of Galvano scanner.
Error Exponent for Multiple Access Channels: Upper Bounds

The problem of bounding the reliability function of a multiple access channel (MAC) is studied. Two new upper bounds on the error exponent of a two-user discrete memoryless (DM)-MAC are derived. The first bound (sphere packing) is an upper bound on the exponent of the average probability of error and is the first bound of this type that is zero outside the capacity region and thus results in a tighter sphere-packing exponent when compared with the tightest known exponent derived by Haroutunian. The second bound (minimum distance) is an upper bound on the exponent of the maximal (as opposed to average) probability of error. To obtain this bound, first, an upper bound on the minimum Bhattacharyya distance between codeword pairs is derived. For a certain class of two-user DM-MACs, an upper bound on the exponent of maximal probability of error is derived as a consequence of the upper bound on the minimum Bhattacharyya distance. We analytically evaluate the sphere packing bound for uniform composition codes for an additive and nonsymmetric channel and show that it is tight near the boundary of the capacity region, i.e., equal to the random coding lower bound.
Microwave Facilitated Green Synthesis and Characterization of Acrylamide Grafted Copolymer of Kheri (Acacia chundra) Gum Polysaccharide

In the present study, an attempt was made to synthesize biodegradable, hemocompatible, antimicrobial and pH-responsive hydrogel. Microwave facilitated green synthesis was carried out for the grafting of acrylamide over Kheri Gum Polysaccharide (KGP) backbone. The grafted hydrogel was characterized in terms of FTIR spectra, 1H NMR spectra, SEM image, contact angle, chemical resistant, biodegradation, blood clotting time, thrombogenicity, hemolytic activity and cytotoxic effect. More swelling was observed by graft copolymers (KGP-g-Am) in all the solvent systems such as double distilled water, 1 N NaOH and 0.1 N HCl than KGP. Graft copolymers showed more swelling in 1 N NaOH than in 0.1 N HCl, followed by distilled water. Blood clotting studies showed longer clotting time for KGP-g-Am as compared to the uncoated glass surface and KGP coated glass surface. Results obtained after molecular docking predict that TLR-4 receptors are considerably more liable than TLR-2 receptors for antimicrobial activity of both KGP-g-Am and KGP. Experimental data evidently explains the better antimicrobial efficacy of KGP-g-Am (K1) against Escherichia coli and Aspergillus niger than KGP. In molecular docking studies, KGP-g-Am showed prominent anticancer activity than KGP at the protease-activated receptor (PAR1). Results of in vitro cytotoxic activity against breast cancer cell lines (MCF 7) predict better control over cell growth by KGP-g-Am (K1) as compared to KGP. It can be elicited from the data that microwave assisted grafting over KGP backbone modulates and introduces prerequisite properties within the polymer and can be utilized for various biomedical, pharmaceutical and cosmeceutical applications.
Tunable Duplexers: Downlink Band Isolation Requirements for LTE User Equipment

Tunable duplexers based on self-interference cancellation present a promising alternative to fixed-frequency duplexers (e.g., surface acoustic wave devices), however the level of transmit-to-receive (Tx–Rx) isolation they provide is typically lower compared to acoustic devices. This letter quantifies the impact of reduced isolation on receiver (Rx) noise figure (NF), and determines minimum isolation requirements for Tx-Rx isolation in cellular handset transceivers. Measurements of Tx noise power spectral density from a cellular handset power amplifier are combined with theoretical analysis and long term evolution (LTE) downlink throughput simulations to assess the impact of isolation on the NF and sensitivity. Although lower duplexer isolation can lead to substantial desensitization for some duplex separation/bandwidth combinations, achieving LTE compliant sensitivity requires only 38 dB of isolation in the Rx band. LTE sensitivity specification compliance is therefore readily achievable with current tunable duplexing technologies.
Evaluating risks associated with Extended Enterprise Systems (EES)

Extended Enterprise System (EES) represents a network of interconnected enterprises functioning in harmony towards achieving a common objective. The efficiency of an EES lies in the ability of all its constituent enterprise systems working effectively in order to achieve a common objective. However, it is also essential to consider uncertainties that might lead to negative consequences and subsequent financial losses to the EES. Therefore, assessing the risks that might lead to the malfunctioning of an EES is one of the major challenges that a business enterprise might encounter. The paper is a variation of a previous research conducted by the authors on risk evaluation and proposes an extended enterprise-centric risk evaluation model through identification and prioritization of a set of critical risks that might affect the efficient functioning of an EES. The proposed model had a twofold contribution in the domain of EES. Firstly, policy-makers can use the findings of the research as a guideline to identify the critical risk involved with the functioning of an EES, which in turn can potentially escalate its vulnerability in the industry. Secondly, the identified risks along with their subsequent ranking to determine their relative criticality can be used by decision-makers to develop risk mitigation strategies for the EES.
Estimating parameterized scalable models from the best linear approximation of nonlinear systems for accurate high-level simulations

System designers of communication systems need to compare the simulated behavior of a system with the linear and nonlinear specifications. They need high-level models to perform these simulations fast. The existing high-level models for nonlinear components do not scale smoothly with external parameters like the input power. To overcome this problem, a modeling technique based on the best linear approximation is developed. The parameterized models describe trajectories of the poles and zeros as a function of the input power. The resulting models accurately describe both the linear and nonlinear behavior of the system components. They can easily be implemented in modern simulators.
Antimicrobial activity of nanoparticle-based dental fillers on novel chromogenic bacteria Enterobacter ludwigii

Nanoparticles (NPs), like Graphene oxide (GONP), Hydroxyapatite (HAPNP) and Zirconia (ZrNP) are widely used for teeth filling. These NPs prove their efficacy in the field of dentistry by various means. However, the response of these filling nanoparticles in an infectious mouth is missing from the literature. The current study aims to investigate the antibacterial activity of these nanoparticles against novel chromogenic teeth bacteria Enterobacter ludwigii (S1) and Escherichia coli (S0) as a standard bacterium. Interaction of NPs with bacteria was monitored by varying the incubation time and concentration of NPs using field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), fluorescence microscopy and zeta potential techniques. Amount of reactive oxygen species generated due to the NPs and the bacterial membrane were correlated with the survivability of the bacteria. The current findings hint that ZrNP is not an efficient dental filler in an infected mouth, as it is not relieving the microbial load in comparison with GO and HAP. Among GONP and HAPNP, GONP is the best filler followed by HAPNP since it can reduce the bacterial load significantly.
Disconnection Probability Improvement by Using Artificial Multi Reflectors for Millimeter-Wave Indoor Wireless Communications

In order to solve the problem of multi-Gbps transmission in 60 GHz band - communication interruption by human body crossing, this paper proposes a method to increase reflected waves by installing artificial reflector(s) in two-dimensional arrangement and shows a good improvement of disconnection probability reduction to 1/4 (by one artificial reflector) and to 1/16 (by two reflectors). The interruption by human crossing is modeled and locations of transmitters and receivers are set on any grid of sub-partitioned rooms by grid (room sizes are defined by IEEE 802.11ad) to get statistically meaningful data. The computer simulations have been carried out with various TX and RX antenna HPBWs (Half Power Beam Width), several receiver sensitivities corresponding to 3Gbps to 0.5Gbps transmissions and by assuming a fixed TX antenna direction and a beam-forming receiver antenna that can track the incoming reflected wave(s) in case of LOS (Line of sight) path interruption. The simulation results show that disconnection probability reduction from about 80% to 20-10% by setting an artificial reflector to generate an additional reflected path and a reduction to 5% by setting two artificial reflectors when the TX and RX antennas' HPBWs are 30degree and the receiver sensitivity is -55.0dBm. The improvements by the proposed method are generally applicable to similar indoor communications environments.
A Model-Based Transit-Time Ultrasonic Gas Flowrate Measurement Method

Based on the transit-time ultrasonic gas flowrate measurement principle, a new model-based time-of-flight (TOF) measurement method is proposed. The proposed TOF measurement method includes two parts, the signal preprocessing and the model-fitting. Zero-phase filtering and independent component analysis with reference (ICA-R) are used to realize the signal preprocessing. The least-squares algorithm is used to implement the model-fitting and hence to obtain the TOF. A new single-acoustic-path ultrasonic gas flowmeter prototype with the inner diameter of 100 mm is developed and experiments are carried out to test the performance of the prototype. Experimental results show that the proposed signal preprocessing can effectively correct the distorted/noise-polluted measurement signal. In addition, the proposed model-based TOF measurement method is effective and can implement TOF measurement with higher repeatability and low standard deviation. For the gas flowrate ranges from 5 to 50 <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\text{m}^{3}$ </tex-math></inline-formula>/h, the repeatability error of gas flowrate measurement is less than 1.99% and the maximum relative error of flowrate measurement is less than 3.27%. For the gas flowrate ranges from 50 to 500 <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\text{m}^{3}$ </tex-math></inline-formula>/h, the repeatability error of gas flowrate measurement is less than 0.51% and the maximum relative error of flowrate measurement is less than 1.43%.
Towards real-time magnetomotive ultrasound imaging

Enabling detection of nanoparticles with ultrasound can open new application avenues for the ultrasound technique. Magnetomotive ultrasound (MMUS) is a technique under development which indirectly visualizes magnetic nanoparticles. In MMUS, an external time-varying magnetic field acts to displace the nanoparticles, and thus their closest surrounding. This induced displacement is subsequently detected and the nanoparticle location may then be revealed. The MMUS technique has shown to be promising in both phantom and animal studies but limited efforts have been made on optimizing the technique for clinical applications in the sense of providing real-time bedside imaging. In this work, the previously proposed MMUS algorithm is automated and implemented online on the ULA-OP scanner. To evaluate the online implementation, a phantom made of styrene-ethylene/butylene-styrene and mineral oil with a 2 % magnetic ferrite particle inclusion was used. MMUS displacement was calculated in the entire image area, 192×230 pixels, and in a sub-region of 130×90 pixels, covering the inclusion. It was found that the automated online implementation computes one full MMUS image in 2.8 seconds and the sub-region in 1.17 seconds, which should be compared to 1–2 minutes in post processing mode. An immediate on-screen change in the magnetomotive displacement could be observed as the applied magnetic field was altered.
CMOS DC to DC switched converter with on chip inductors

In this study we report a monolithic buck converter power IC with on-chip ferrite core inductors. The power IC is designed and fabricated with a standard 0. 18μm CMOS process. On-chip inductor with ferrite epoxy core is used as the filter inductor in the buck converter. A 5V/500mA prototype system in package (SiP) buck converter is designed to operate at frequencies up to 10MHz.
High-sensitivity rotating parallel dipole line hall system for photovoltaic research: Characteristics and application examples in high performance kesterite and perovskite

Many emerging solar absorbers are polycrystalline films with low mobility or very high resistance. This makes standard (dc) Hall measurement very difficult or impossible — yet the information of carrier density, type and mobility are critically needed to understand and optimize device performance. We have developed a high-sensitivity Hall measurement system based on a rotating parallel dipole line (PDL) magnet — a new magnetic trap system recently developed at IBM [1,2]. The system produces strong (up to 2 Tpk-pk), unidirectional and oscillating magnetic field that allows detection of small Hall signal in the Fourier domain followed by lock-in detection. We describe the experimental setup, operation characteristics and some application examples in the development of IBM high performance kesterite (CZTSSe) with device efficiency (η) up to 12% [3] and high performance perovskite from Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology (KRICT, up to 19%) [4].
Phase Velocity in Resonant Structures

In this paper we present a simple experimental procedure for studying the phase-velocity behavior of a metafilm with tunable material properties. Using this approach, we have studied the phase-velocity of a metamaterial under differing resonant conditions. We show that possessing negative-phase velocity is not a sufficient condition for classifying a material as having negative-index material characteristics
BİR ANTİOKSİDAN OLARAK E VİTAMİNİ

Lipit peroksidasyonu bagisikligi, buyumeyi ve uremeyi de iceren fizyolojik fonksiyonlarin bozulmasina yol acar. Bazi antioksidan enzimler, E ve C vitamini gibi eksojen vitaminler ile bazi mineraller, hucreleri lipit peroksidasyonuna karsi korurlar. E vitamininin molekuler ve hucresel etkileri, antioksidan olarak reaktif oksijen turlerini ve nitrik oksiti temizlemek yaninda spesifik enzimler ve transkripsiyon faktorleriyle de etkileserek zarlar ve lipit alanlari gibi hucresel yapilari korumaktir. E vitamini, hucre zarlarinda bulunan uzun zincirli coklu doymamis yag asitlerinin butunlugunu korur ve biyoaktivitelerini devam ettirir. E vitamini ayni zamanda, steroid hormon ureten dokularda yogun olarak bulunur ve bu dokularda sitokrom p-450’nin oldukca duyarli steroidojenik aktivitelerini lipit peroksidasyonuna karsi korur. Stres, hastaliklar ve immun yanitin tesviki, vitamin ve esansiyel elementler gibi besin maddelerine olan gereksinimleri arttirabilir. Besinsel dengesizlikler, sicak, soguk, kalabalik, gurultu ve tasinma gibi stres unsurlari, vucudun savunma mekanizmalarini zayiflatarak enfeksiyoz hastaliklara yatkinliga neden olabilirler. Stres durumlarinda vitamin ve minerallere olan gereksinim artar. Hucre zarina bagli olan E vitamini, immun yanitlari tetikleyen ve duzenleyen kompleks hucre-hucre etkilesimlerinde onemli bir rol oynar. Karaciger ve serumdaki E vitamini duzeyleri, E vitamini alimi veya vucuttaki durumunun guvenilir gostergeleridir. Bu derlemenin amaci, E vitamininin antioksidan ozellikleri ile ilgili bilgileri ve calismalari bir araya getirmektir.
Investigating beneficial microbes from marsh ecosystems for sustainable agricultural and environmental applications

Microorganisms are often thought of as pests and harmful organisms, but there are numerous important microbes that are beneficial to both human and environmental health. Some microbes develop symbiotic associations with plants helping in their growth and survival while many others develop resistance to metals toxicity and remove them from our soils and water. Effective and efficient bioaccumulation of soluble and particulate forms of metals by microorganisms can be implemented to reduce heavy metal environmental pollution. Reports on global climate change also predicts in loss of 50% of arable land worldwide due to increased salinity, indicating the need for sustainable agriculture. These threats have inspired the need for use of these environmental friendly microbes in amending these issues. For these reasons, this study was focused on studying microorganisms from tidal marsh zones with special attention on heavy metal tolerant bacteria and mycorrhizae from the Blackbird Creek Marsh, located in Townsend, Delaware. We assume that the stressors in marsh might enhance the development of mycorrhizae with special abilities to withstand these conditions. These marsh ecosystems are exposed to various abiotic/biotic stresses such as tidal inundations, temperature, salinity and excess nutrients and naturally they harbor these microorganisms that can remove excess heavy metals accumulated in these soils. For the isolation of lead and cadmium tolerant bacteria, soil samples were inoculated in Luria Broth (LB) and enriched with various concentrations of lead nitrate and cadmium chloride. Heavy metal tolerant bacterial colonies were enumerated and genomic DNA was isolated using phenol: chloroform method. DNA was amplified using universal bacterial primers (27F/ 1492R) and the PCR amplicon was identified by Sanger sequencing.
Spatial-Domain-Based Hybrid Multidimensional Coded-Modulation Schemes Enabling Multi-Tb/s Optical Transport

Future Internet and Ethernet technologies will be affected by both limited bandwidth of information infrastructure and its high energy consumption. In order to solve both problems simultaneously, in this invited paper, we describe several hybrid coded-modulation (CM) schemes enabling multiterabit optical transport including spatial-domain-based CM, mode-multiplexed 4-D CM, and mode-multiplexed generalized orthogonal frequency division multiplexing. A common property of these CM schemes is the employment of optimized signal constellations, various degrees of freedom, and rate-adaptive coding. These modulation schemes are called hybrid as all available degrees of freedom are used for transmission over optical fibers including amplitude, phase, polarization, and orbital angular momentum. Since the channel capacity is a linear function in number of dimensions, by increasing the number of basis functions, we can dramatically improve the overall system capacity. The energy-consumption problem is tackled by properly designing multidimensional signal constellations such that transinformation is maximized, while taking the energy constraint into account.