Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Jordanian and Palestinian Immigrant Women's Knowledge, Affect, Cultural Attitudes, Health Habits, and Participation in Breast Cancer Screening

Our purpose in this report is to describe relationships among knowledge, affect, attitudes, including cultural beliefs, about breast cancer screening (BCS), and health habits to BCS participation in a convenience sample of 130 immigrant women with Jordanian or Palestinian background living in the Washington DC area. Using our analysis of questionnaires we show correlations among knowledge, affect, utility, general health habits, and participation in BCS consistent with previous research in non-Arab samples. Measures of the relationship of cultural factors to BCS participation need refinement. Future research related to BCS among Jordanian and Palestinian women can build on the results of this study.
GESTÃO DE SUBSIDIÁRIAS: ESTRATÉGIAS UTILIZADAS POR EMPRESAS BRASILEIRAS

O aumento da competição, das trocas entre países e o surgimento de empresas multinacionais em países em desenvolvimento amplia a importância da compreensão das formas de gestão de subsidiárias. Este artigo pretende entender a estratégias addotadas pela matriz para a gestão de suas subsidiárias. A decisão de implantação de cada planta pode apresentar diferentes fatores motivadores, em suma, podemos afirmar que as empresas ao realizarem investimento direto estrangeiro procuram obter: acesso a novos mercados; acompanhar clientes; acesso a baixo custo; acesso a conhecimento, habilidades e tecnologia; acesso a recursos naturais; transpor barreiras comerciais e reduzir tarifas; racionalizar recursos e adaptar produtos à demanda de mercados específicos. Mas também é uma forma de responder as novas demandas trazidas pela globalização. Estes elementos auxiliam no entendimento da realização do IDE por diferentes empresas; é preciso entender também quais estratégias as empresas dos países em desenvolvimento utilizaram para enfrentar os obstáculos nos seus países e no exterior? Quais estratégias foram utilizadas por estas empresas para competirem com empresas consolidadas mundialmente e que competem também nos seus mercados nacionais? No Brasil temos alguns exemplos de sucesso como as siderúrgicas do Grupo Gerdau, a montadora de caminhões Marcopolo, a Oxiteno que produz especialidades químicas, entre outras. Entretanto, o número de empresas de capital brasileiro com unidades no exterior ainda é pequeno quando comparado com o de empresas coreanas e chinesas, por exemplo. Nosso artigo procura avançar na discussão das estratégias utilizadas pelas empresas de países em desenvolvimento que têm presença mundial. Faz parte do entendimento responder as perguntas:” Qual é a estratégia de gestão das subsidiárias? ” “ Como a matriz determina as atribuições das subsidiárias? ” Quais são os interesses envolvidos na escolha do local e das estratégias de atuação das subsidiárias? ” Enfim, são essas as questões que pretendemos compreender melhor. " # $ " %'&)(*&)+ ,. /10.2*&4365879&4/1:. + 58;. 2*<>=? 5. @A2*3B;. C)D 5. ,. 5FE)5.G. + &4(IHJ&? ,.+ /? <>=)5.KA:. + 5MLN&OHJ5F&4E)2*EOHJ&)(IHJ/)G.D ;. /);. &
Induction of altered epigenetic regulation of the hepatic glucocorticoid receptor in the offspring of rats fed a protein-restricted diet during pregnancy suggests that reduced DNA methyltransferase-1 expression is involved in impaired DNA methylation and changes in histone modifications

Prenatal nutritional constraint induces an altered metabolic phenotype in the offspring which in humans confers an increased risk of non-communicable disease. Feeding a protein-restricted (PR) diet to pregnant rats causes hypomethylation of specific gene promoters in the offspring and alters the phenotype. We investigated how altered epigenetic regulation of the hepatic glucocorticoid receptor (GR) 110 promoter is induced in the offspring. Rats were fed a control (180 g casein/kg) or a PR (90 g casein/kg) diet throughout pregnancy, and chow during lactation. Offspring were killed at postnatal day 34 (n 5 per maternal dietary group). Methylation-sensitive PCR showed that GR110 promoter methylation was 33 % lower (P < 0·001) and GR expression 84 % higher (P < 0·05) in the PR offspring. Reverse transcription–PCR showed that DNA methyltransferase-1 (Dnmt1) expression was 17 % lower (P < 0·05) in PR offspring, while Dnmt3a/b and methyl binding domain protein-2 expression was not altered. Thus hypomethylation of the GR110 promoter may result from lower capacity to methylate hemimethylated DNA during mitosis. Histone modifications which facilitate transcription were increased at the GR110 promoter (147–921 %, P < 0·001), while those that suppress methylation were decreased (54 %, P < 0·01) or similar to controls. In human umbilical cord (n 15), there was a 2-fold difference between the highest and lowest level of GR1-CTotal promoter methylation. Dnmt1, but not Dnmt3a, expression predicted 49 % (P = 0·003) of the variation in GR1-CTotal promoter methylation. These findings suggest that induction in the offspring of altered epigenetic regulation of the hepatic GR110 promoter, and hence metabolic phenotype, may be due to reduced Dnmt1 expression.
A new route of transmission for Escherichia coli: infection from dry fermented salami.

OBJECTIVES This study evaluated the production of dry fermented salami associated with an outbreak of Escherichia coli O157.H7 infection in Washington State and California. METHODS Facility inspections, review of plant monitoring data, food handler interviews, and microbiological testing of salami products were conducted. RESULTS Production methods complied with federal requirements and industry-developed good manufacturing practices. No evidence suggested that postprocessing contamination occurred. Calculations suggested that the infectious dose was smaller than 50 E. coli O157:H7 bacteria. CONCLUSIONS Dry fermented salami can serve as a vehicle of transmission for O157:H7 strains. Our investigation and prior laboratory studies suggest that E. coli O157:H7 can survive currently accepted processing methods.
A Reexamination of Information Flow in Financial Markets: The Impact of Regulation FD and Decimalization

We investigate the impact of Regulation F D on information flow in the equities market. Our analysis indicates that information flow around earnings announcements, proxied by abnormal return volatility around those announcements, of U.S. stocks increased in the first effective quarter of Regulation F D (the fourth quarter of 2000). The information flow of ADRs, which are exempt from Regulation FD, does not change. This supports the inference that Regulation FD, not general market conditions, caused the increase in volatility, but Regulation FD did not have a persistent impact on information flow. A multivariate regression analysis shows that our results are robust to controls that include decimalization, which was implemented concurrently with Regulation FD and has reduced return volatility. Our comparison of return volatilities across firm size indicates that small firms temporarily had larger return volatilities; thus, Regulation FD only temporarily had a differential impact on the information environment of small firms.
19F MRI detection of acute allograft rejection with in vivo perfluorocarbon labeling of immune cells

Current diagnosis of organ rejection following transplantation relies on tissue biopsy, which is not ideal due to sampling limitations and risks associated with the invasive procedure.We have previously shown that cellular magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of iron‐oxide labeled immune‐cell infiltration can provide a noninvasive measure of rejection status by detecting areas of hypointensity on T 2* ‐weighted images. In this study, we tested the feasibility of using a fluorine‐based cellular tracer agent to detect macrophage accumulation in rodent models of acute allograft rejection by fluorine‐19 (19F) MRI and magnetic resonance spectroscopy. This study used two rat models of acute rejection, including abdominal heterotopic cardiac transplant and orthotopic kidney transplant models. Following in vivo labeling of monocytes and macrophages with a commercially available agent containing perfluoro‐15‐crown‐5‐ether, we observed 19F‐signal intensity in the organs experiencing rejection by 19F MRI, and conventional 1H MRI was used for anatomical context. Immunofluorescense and histology confirmed macrophage labeling. These results are consistent with our previous studies and show the complementary nature of the two cellular imaging techniques. With no background signal, 19F MRI/magnetic resonance spectroscopy can provide unambiguous detection of fluorine labeled cells, and may be a useful technique for detecting and quantifying rejection grade in patients. Magn Reson Med, 2011. © 2011 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Managing Carious Lesions

The International Caries Consensus Collaboration undertook a consensus process and here presents clinical recommendations for carious tissue removal and managing cavitated carious lesions, including restoration, based on texture of demineralized dentine. Dentists should manage the disease dental caries and control activity of existing cavitated lesions to preserve hard tissues and retain teeth long-term. Entering the restorative cycle should be avoided as far as possible. Controlling the disease in cavitated carious lesions should be attempted using methods which are aimed at biofilm removal or control first. Only when cavitated carious lesions either are noncleansable or can no longer be sealed are restorative interventions indicated. When a restoration is indicated, the priorities are as follows: preserving healthy and remineralizable tissue, achieving a restorative seal, maintaining pulpal health, and maximizing restoration success. Carious tissue is removed purely to create conditions for long-lasting restorations. Bacterially contaminated or demineralized tissues close to the pulp do not need to be removed. In deeper lesions in teeth with sensible (vital) pulps, preserving pulpal health should be prioritized, while in shallow or moderately deep lesions, restoration longevity becomes more important. For teeth with shallow or moderately deep cavitated lesions, carious tissue removal is performed according to selective removal to firm dentine. In deep cavitated lesions in primary or permanent teeth, selective removal to soft dentine should be performed, although in permanent teeth, stepwise removal is an option. The evidence and, therefore, these recommendations support less invasive carious lesion management, delaying entry to, and slowing down, the restorative cycle by preserving tooth tissue and retaining teeth long-term.
Eye Care Disparities and Health-Related Consequences in Elderly Patients with Age-Related Eye Disease

ABSTRACT The elderly population in the United States (age 65 and older) is growing rapidly, estimated by the U.S. Census Department to reach 83.7 million by 2050.1 Visual impairment increases with age among all racial and ethnic groups.2 In the elderly, the most common culprits for vision loss are cataract, glaucoma, and age-related macular degeneration (AMD). 2 In the developed world, vision loss from cataract has been dramatically reduced by increased access to cataract surgery. However, AMD and glaucoma lead to irreversible vision loss without early diagnosis and intervention. In the U.S., cases of AMD are expected to double by 2050, reaching 17.8 million among patients age 50 or older.3 Similarly, cases of glaucoma are expected to reach 5.5 million by 2050, an increase of over 90% from 2014.3 The visually impaired elderly face disparities in access to eye care, and subsequent general medical and psychosocial complications.
Ontologies for crisis management: A review of state of the art in ontology design and usability

The growing use of a variety of information systems in crisis management both by non-governmental organizations (NGOs) and emergency management agencies makes the challenges of information sharing and interoperability increasingly important. The use of semantic web technologies is a growing area and is a technology stack specifically suited to these challenges. This paper presents a review of ontologies, vocabularies and taxonomies that are useful in crisis management systems. We identify the different subject areas relevant to crisis management based on a review of the literature. The different ontologies and vocabularies available are analysed in terms of their coverage, design and usability. We also consider the use cases for which they were designed and the degree to which they follow a variety of standards. While providing comprehensive ontologies for the crisis domain is not feasible or desirable there is considerable scope to develop ontologies for the subject areas not currently covered and for the purposes of interoperability.
Low-dose ramosetron accelerates gastric emptying in the early phase: A crossover study in healthy volunteers using a continuous real-time 13C breath test (BreathID System).

BACKGROUND/AIMS The aim of this study was to determine the correlation between low-dose ramosetron pre-treatment and gastric emptying using a novel, non-invasive technique for measuring gastric emptying, namely, the continuous real-time 13C breath test (BreathID system: Exalenz Bioscience Ltd., Israel). MATERIALS AND METHODS Twelve healthy male volunteers participated in this randomized two-way crossover study. The subjects fasted overnight and were randomly assigned to receive the test meal (200 kcal per 200 mL) after an hour pre-treatment with 5 µg ramosetron or the test meal alone. Gastric emptying was monitored for 4 hours after administration of the test meal with the 13C-acetic acid breath test performed continuously using the BreathID system. Using Oridion Research Software (β version), T 1/2, T lag, GEC and the regression-estimated constants (β and κ) were calculated. The differences in the parameters measured at two time-points were analyzed using Wilcoxon's signed-rank test. RESULTS There was a significant difference in the calculated parameter β. No significant differences in the calculated parameters T 1/2, T lag, GEC or κ were observed between the test meal with ramosetron group and the test meal alone group. CONCLUSION This study showed that ramosetron pre-treatment enhances the early gastric emptying of liquid nutrients.
Vehicle detection from high-resolution aerial images based on superpixel and color name features

Automatic vehicle detection from aerial images is emerging due to the strong demand of large-area traffic monitoring. In this paper, we present a novel framework for automatic vehicle detection from the aerial images. Through superpixel segmentation, we first segment the aerial images into homogeneous patches, which consist of the basic units during the detection to improve efficiency. By introducing the sparse representation into our method, powerful classification ability is achieved after the dictionary training. To effectively describe a patch, the Histogram of Oriented Gradient (HOG) is used. We further propose to integrate color information to enrich the feature representation by using the color name feature. The final feature consists of both HOG and color name based histogram, by which we get a strong descriptor of a patch. Experimental results demonstrate the effectiveness and robust performance of the proposed algorithm for vehicle detection from aerial images.
Sensor-based road model estimation for autonomous driving

In the course of the development and integration of the autonomous driving the knowledge about the current environment and especially the road is one of the basic requirements to fulfill the automated driving task. This information is often extracted from a precise map provided in the vehicle. Therefore the road course and the individual lanes are known in advance by using the map and a suitable ego position estimation. However, in some situations such a map may be invalid and therefore unusable. This can be a driving area which was never mapped or regions where the map is outdated because the environment has changed. The following paper addresses the problem of building a road model without using a map by only fusing measurements from different sensors mounted on the ego vehicle. As sensor measurements various information like lane markings painted on the ground, the position of other cars or occupancy grids can be used. They are transformed into a grid-based model and a geometrical description is extracted out of this model by the use of a novel path-planning based method. The proposed approach was tested with a vehicle equipped with sensors and real measurement data from German highways.
Peroxisome proliferator activated receptor‐α agonists suppress transforming growth factor‐α‐induced matrix metalloproteinase‐9 expression in human keratinocytes

The peroxisome proliferator‐activated receptors (PPARs), PPARα, PPARδ, and PPARγ, are nuclear ligand‐activated transcription factors that are best known as regulators of glucose and lipid metabolism. PPARα agonists have been shown to have profound anti‐inflammatory and antiproliferative effects on human keratinocytes, and are important for maintaining homeostasis of the skin. To better characterize the mechanisms underlying these phenomena, we analysed the effects of PPARα agonists on transforming growth factor (TGF)‐α‐induced expression of matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)‐9. MMP‐9 expression in keratinocytes has previously been linked to inflammatory skin diseases, regenerative skin mechanisms, and tumour development and metastasis. We found that PPARα agonists effectively inhibited TGF‐α‐induced MMP‐9 expression in human keratinocytes via a post‐transcriptional mechanism, revealing a novel and important aspect of the anti‐inflammatory and anticarcinogenic action of these compounds.
EAVIRA: Energy-Aware Virtual Infrastructure Reallocation Algorithm

The elastic provisioning of Virtual Infrastructures (VIs) enables a dynamic management of cloud resources (computing and communication) in order to meet the hosted application's requirements. Thus, to perform elasticity requests, providers usually rely on reallocation mechanisms and policies. The concerns regarding the environment and the operational costs indicate energy consumption of the data centers as recurring topic in providers policies. Moreover, energy-aware provisioning is beneficial for tenants also. Recent cost models have introduced an implicit incentive to use computing and networking resources just when need to avoid high rent costs. However, reallocation and elasticity requests can unbalance the Data Center (DC) unnecessarily increasing the number of active servers. In this paper we propose EAVIRA algorithm, which takes into account the proportional sharing of CPU usage of DC servers to calculate individual usage costs to: disable idle equipments, and reallocate VIs. EAVIRA acts on online requests for elasticity configuration and performs an offline load balancing, triggered by the Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS) provider. Our experimental analysis indicates a reduction of energy consumption and an increasing on acceptance ratio of allocation requests.
Adaylarin Kuruma Katilma Niyetlerinde Örgütsel Çekicilik ve Kurumsal İtibarin Etkisi The Effect of Organizational Attraction and Corporate Reputation on Applicants' Intention to Join Organization

The purpose of this study was to investigate generalizability of the effect of organizational attraction and corporate reputation on applicants’ intention to join an organization in Turkish sample. The data were collected from 539 students who applied to join a public high education institution. The research hypotheses were tested with correlation and regression analyzes. The applicants' attitudes toward attractiveness of the organization and corporate reputation, which reflects the collective assessment of community about organization, have been identified as significant predictors of applicants' intention to join the organization. Also, it was identified that the effect of corporate reputation on applicants' intention to join the organization was partially mediated by organizational attraction. * İletişim kurulacak yazar: Murat Güler, Doktora Öğrencisi, Kara Harp Okulu Savunma Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Ankara, Türkiye. E-posta: muratguler.tr@gmail.com 116 | İş ve İnsan Dergisi, 2015; 2(2), 115-126.
High risk genital papillomavirus infections are spread vertically

It is well recognised that high‐risk human papillomaviruses (HPVs) are spread by sexual activity, but the possibility of non‐sexual transmission remains controversial. We present evidence for vertical transmission from at least 30% HPV positive mothers to their infants, resulting in persistent infection in children. That the mother is the source of infant infection has been confirmed by DNA sequencing. We also discuss the evidence for oral HPV‐16 infection in children. In our own studies, HPV‐16 DNA was detected in buccal cells from 48% children, aged 3–11 and transcriptionally active infection was confirmed in some children. Other studies have reported prevalences of 19%‐27% among children less than 11 years of age. Studies that have failed to detect high–risk HPVs in children have used techniques which were insufficiently sensitive to detect the low levels of virus present. Serological studies also suggest that ≤45% prepubertal children have acquired HPV‐16. Thus, convincing evidence is now available for vertical transmission of high risk HPVs, which probably results in widespread infection among children. The consequences of such infections remain to be elucidated. Copyright © 1999 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Transmission of bovine coronavirus and serologic responses in feedlot calves under field conditions.

OBJECTIVE To compare shedding patterns and serologic responses to bovine coronavirus (BCV) in feedlot calves shipped from a single ranch in New Mexico (NM calves) versus calves assembled from local sale barns in Arkansas (AR calves) and to evaluate the role of BCV on disease and performance. ANIMALS 103 feedlot calves from New Mexico and 100 from Arkansas. PROCEDURES Calves were studied from before shipping to 35 days after arrival at the feedlot. Nasal swab specimens, fecal samples, and serum samples were obtained before shipping, at arrival, and periodically thereafter. Bovine coronavirus antigen and antibodies were detected by use of an ELISA. RESULTS NM calves had a high geometric mean titer for BCV antibody at arrival (GMT, 1,928); only 2% shed BCV in nasal secretions and 1% in feces. In contrast, AR calves had low antibody titers against BCV at arrival (GMT, 102) and 64% shed BCV in nasal secretions and 65% in feces. Detection of BCV in nasal secretions preceded detection in feces before shipping AR calves, but at arrival, 73% of AR calves were shedding BCV in nasal secretions and feces. Bovine coronavirus infection was significantly associated with respiratory tract disease and decreased growth performance in AR calves. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE Replication and shedding of BCV may start in the upper respiratory tract and spread to the gastrointestinal tract. Vaccination of calves against BCV before shipping to feedlots may provide protection against BCV infection and its effects with other pathogens in the induction of respiratory tract disease.