Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Comparative Study of Aerobic and Anaerobic Power In Football Players and Control Group

Background: Sport performance in football players is determined by Aerobic and Anaerobic power in them. Aerobic power is best indicated by VO2max. VO2max is maximum capacity of individual’s body to transport and utilize the oxygen during exercise, which reflects the physical fitness of individual. Anaerobic power is power produced in absence of oxygen. Anaerobic capacity is useful in sprints in football players. Aim: To determine values of VO2max and anaerobic power in football player and control group. Material &Methods: 30 Football players of age between 20-30 years and age and sex matched sedentary medical students were included in the study as control group. VO2max was calculated by Harward step test and anaerobic power by Vertical Jump reach test. Values were reported as mean ± SD. Football player and control group comparison was analyzed by applying unpaired t test. Results: VO2max and anaerobic power in football player was 57.8± 4.2 mL/kg/min and 1028.5± 152.51 watts. In control group VO2max and anaerobic power was 34.88 ± 5.28 mL/kg/min and 867.67 ± 136.90 watts. There was significant increase in VO2max and anaerobic power in football players as compared to control group. Conclusions: The significant differences probably results from the character of exercise and conducted training in the considered disciplines in football players.
Policosanol for managing human immunodeficiency virus-related dyslipidemia in a medically underserved population: a randomized, controlled clinical trial.

BACKGROUND Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection is associated with dyslipidemia and increased risk for cardiovascular events; however, the use ofstatins in HIV-infected people is complicated by pharmacokinetic interactions and overlapping toxicities with antiretroviral medications. Policosanol is a dietary supplement derived from sugar cane that is widely used as a statin alternative in Latin America. PRIMARY STUDY OBJECTIVE To collect feasibility data on sugar cane-derived policosanol to normalize dyslipidemic profiles in a sample of medically underserved HIV-infected people. METHODS/DESIGN Randomized, controlled, double-blind clinical trial. SETTING Two infectious disease outpatient clinics located in a Health Resources Service Administration-designated medically underserved neighborhood in Chicago, Illinois. PARTICIPANTS Fifty-four clinically stable HIV-infected people (91% black) with at least one lipid abnormality that warranted dietary modifications and/or drug therapy. INTERVENTION Participants received either 20 mg/day of policosanol or placebo for 12 weeks, followed by a 4-week washout and crossover to the other arm. PRIMARY OUTCOME MEASURES Efficacy measures included the standard lipid panel (low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, triglycerides) and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR)-derived lipoprotein particle profiles. Safety measures included CD4+ T lymphocyte counts, plasma HIV ribonucleic acid levels, serum creatinine, and liver function tests. RESULTS Policosanol supplementation was not associated with normalization of any dyslipidemic parameters as measured by the standard lipid panel or NMR spectroscopy-measured lipoprotein size or concentration. The supplement was well tolerated and was not associated with any changes in parameters of HIV disease progression. CONCLUSIONS Our findings corroborate recent studies conducted outside Cuba that have failed to find any lipid modulatory effects for policosanol.
Energy dissipation of interacting rigid dipoles driven by the RF-field in a viscous fluid

We have considered the response of an ensemble of uniaxial ferromagnetic nanoparticles placed into a fluid to an alternating field in the presence of thermal bath. The attention was paid to the absorbtion of the field energy as a result of nanoparticles rotation in a viscous fluid. The influence of the inter-particle interaction effects was studied numerically based on the effective Langevin equation. Using the Barnes-Hut algorithm and CUDA technology, the set of numerical results, which describes the frequency dependence of the power loss, has obtained for various system parameters.
Temporal weighting of clinical events in electronic health records for pharmacovigilance

Electronic health records (EHRs) have recently been identified as a potentially valuable source for monitoring adverse drug events (ADEs). However, ADEs are heavily under-reported in EHRs. Using machine learning algorithms to automatically detect patients that should have had ADEs reported in their health records is an efficient and effective solution. One of the challenges to that end is how to take into account temporality when using clinical events, which are time stamped in EHRs, as features for machine learning algorithms to exploit. Previous research on this topic suggests that representing EHR data as a bag of temporally weighted clinical events is promising; however, how to assign weights in an optimal manner remains unexplored. In this study, nine different temporal weighting strategies are proposed and evaluated using data extracted from a Swedish EHR database, where the predictive performance of models constructed with the random forest learning algorithm is compared. Moreover, variable importance is analyzed to obtain a deeper understanding as to why a certain weighting strategy is favored over another, as well as which clinical events undergo the biggest changes in importance with the various weighting strategies. The results show that the choice of weighting strategy has a significant impact on the predictive performance for ADE detection, and that the best choice of weighting strategy depends on the target ADE and, specifically, on its dose-dependency.
Sister chromatid exchanges and cell proliferative abilities in cultured peripheral blood lymphocytes of patients with rheumatoid and reactive arthritis.

OBJECTIVE Analysis of cytogenetic alterations in peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBL) of patients with acute and chronic reactive arthritis (AcReA and ChrReA) and rheumatoid arthritis (RA). METHODS The frequencies of sister chromatid exchanges (SCE) and cell proliferative abilities were analysed in PBL from 69 patients with arthritis and 30 healthy controls. The analyses were done on metaphase chromosomes from PBL grown in cell culture for 72 hours. Cytogenetic parameters were compared among study groups and correlations with different clinical, immune and demographic characteristics were analysed. RESULTS No significant increases in the frequencies of SCE were detected in PBL from patients with AcReA, ChrReA and RA as compared to controls. However, marked impairment of cell proliferative abilities was detected in cultured lymphocytes from patients with arthritis as compared to healthy controls. Significant associations between measures of disease activity and proliferative abilities of PBL were established. Parameters of lymphocyte proliferation were also influenced by concentration of anti-inflammatory cytokine interleukin-10 in the blood of patients. CONCLUSION No increased risk of genetic alterations as measured by the rate of SCE was found in patients with RA and ReA. It is most likely that impaired proliferative abilities of peripheral blood lymphocytes are related to disease activity and could reflect systemic changes in cytokines production and intracellular signal transduction.
Volume change theory for syringomyelia: A new perspective

Background: The etiopathogenesis of syringomyelia is still an enigma. The authors present a novel theory based on fluid dynamics at the craniovertebral (CV) junction to explain the genesis of syringomyelia (SM). The changes in volume of spinal canal, spinal cord, central canal and spinal subarachnoid space (SSS) in relation to the posterior fossa have been analysed, specifically during postural movements of flexion and extension. The effect of fluctuations in volume of spinal canal and its contents associated with cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) flow dynamics at the CV junction have been postulated to cause the origin and propagation of the syringomyelia. The relevant literature on the subject has been reviewed and the author′s theory has been discussed. Conclusion: Volume of spinal canal in flexion is always greater than that in extension. Flexion of spine causes narrowing of the ventral subarachnoid space (SAS) and widening of dorsal SAS while extension causes reverse changes leading to fluid movement in dorsal spinal SAS in flexion and ventral spinal SAS in extension. Cervical and lumbar spinal region with maximum bulk hence maximum area and volume undergo maximum deformation during postural changes. SSS CSF is the difference between the volume of spinal canal and spinal cord, varies in flexion and extension which is compensated by changes in posterior fossa (CSF) volume in normal circumstances. Blocked SAS at foramen magnum donot permit spinal SAS CSF exchange which during postural changes is compensated by cavitatory/cystic (syrinx) change at locations in cervical and lumbar spine with propensity for maximum deformation. Augmentation of posterior fossa volume by decompression helps by normalization of this CSF exchange dynamics but immobilizing the spinal movement theoretically will cease any dynamic volume changes thereby minimizing the destructive influence of the fluid exchange on the cord. Thus, this theory strengthens the rational of treating patients by either methodology.
Utilización de un índice pronóstico de morbilidad y mortalidad por enfermedad cardiovascular asociada con factores de riesgo aterogénico

Se realizo un estudio observacional analitico de casos y controles, para evaluar la influencia de algunos factores de riesgos aterogenicos en la morbilidad y mortalidad por enfermedad cardiovascular y establecer a partir de estos un indice sintetico para estratificar los grupos de riesgo del dano vasculovisceral. La muestra integrada por 200 pacientes fue seleccionada de forma aleatoria en pacientes ingresados en el Instituto Superior de Medicina Militar “Dr. Luis Diaz Soto” durante el ano 2000. Se definieron como enfermos a pacientes con diagnostico inequivoco de enfermedad cardiovascular y controles, a pacientes con caracteristicas similares a los casos anteriores, excepto no presentar dano vasculovisceral. Al efectuar el analisis de significacion estadistica, los factores de riesgo aterogenico que permanecieron asociados con la morbilidad y mortalidad por enfermedad cardiovascular, con un poder predictor independiente, fueron en orden decreciente de razones cruzadas (OR), la hipertension arterial, la hipercolesterolemia, la diabetes mellitus, el sedentarismo y el habito de fumar. No mostraron diferencias significativas el estres, el indice de masa corporal y los antecedentes patologicos personales y familiares. Estas variables integradas en una puntuacion sintetica fueron estratificadas y comparadas, y mostraron diferencias significativas los casos en relacion con los controles, con estimaciones de la probabilidad de enfermar 6,9 veces superiores en el grupo de expuesto (estratos 2 y 3), como demostracion preliminar del valor discriminativo del indice para la estratificacion de la poblacion por grupos de riesgo, el cual puede constituir una alternativa apropiada por su simplicidad, relacion costo-beneficio y utilidad para la implementacion de estrategias de intervencion contra las enfermedades cronicas no transmisibles en el nivel primario de salud.
Hypovitaminosis D and vitamin D deficiency in exclusively breast-feeding infants and their mothers in summer: a justification for vitamin D supplementation of breast-feeding infants.

OBJECTIVE To determine the prevalence of hypovitaminosis D in exclusively breast-feeding infants and their mothers in a community where maternal sunshine exposure is low. STUDY DESIGN Serum levels of calcium, phosphate, alkaline phosphatase, 25-hydroxy vitamin D (25-OHD), and intact parathyroid hormone were measured in 90 unsupplemented healthy term breast-feeding Arab/South Asian infants and their mothers in summer. Maternal dietary vitamin D intake was also estimated. RESULTS The median age of infants was 6 weeks. The median serum 25-OHD concentrations in mothers (8.6 ng/mL) and infants (4.6 ng/mL) were low, and 61% of the mothers and 82% of the 78 infants tested had hypovitaminosis D (serum 25-OHD <10 ng/mL). The infants with hypovitaminosis D had elevated serum alkaline phosphatase and a tendency to higher serum intact parathyroid hormone levels. The average daily maternal vitamin D intake from commercial milk was 88 IU. CONCLUSIONS Hypovitaminosis D is common in summer in exclusively breast-feeding infants and their mothers. The results provide justification for vitamin D supplementation of breast-feeding infants and mothers in the United Arab Emirates. Low vitamin D intake probably contributed to low maternal vitamin D status.
Accuracy and Safety Assessment of Pedicle Screw Placement Using the Rapid Prototyping Technique in Severe Congenital Scoliosis

Study Design The application of rapid prototyping (RP) technique for improving accuracy of pedicle screw placement in congenital scoliosis is described in this study. Objective To compare the accuracy and safety of pedicle screw placement in congenital scoliosis using the RP technique versus the conventional fluoroscopy. Summary of Background Data Mal developed vertebral components in congenital scoliosis leads to prolonged operation time and higher rate of screw misplacement. RP technique can enhance preoperative and perioperative planning. No data are available on the accuracy of pedicle screw fixation using the RP technique. Methods Sixty-two consecutive patients with hemivertebra had undergone posterior-only hemivertebra resection. Pedicle screws were implanted either by the conventional intraoperative fluoroscopy technique (C-arm group; n=28) or the RP technique (RP group; n=34). Accuracy of pedicle screw placement was compared by postoperative computed tomographic scan. Results Seventy of 677 inserted screws were found to be misplaced, showing an overall accuracy of 89.7% (90.8% in the thoracic spine and 87.4% in the lumbar spine). In the C-arm group, 86.1% (167 of 194) and 82.0% (82 of 100) of screws were accurately placed in the thoracic and lumbar spine, respectively. While in the RP group, the respective screw placement accuracies were 94.4% (238 of 252) and 91.6% (120 of 131). In the C-arm and the RP groups, 94.8% (279 of 294) and 97.9% (375 of 383) of the screws were within the safety zone, respectively. Compared with the fluoroscopy method, the RP-assisted technique showed a shorter operation time and higher scoliosis correction rate. No neurovascular-related complication was observed with this technique during the study. Conclusion The application of RP technique in congenital scoliosis can reduce the operation time, the risk of screw misplacement and its consequent complications. The use of RP technique in congenital scoliosis is safe and efficacious.
Lupus-like Syndrome Induced by Anti-tumor Necrosis Factor Treatment

Anti-tumor necrosis factor (TNF) agents have been successfully used in the treatment of inflammatory rheumatic diseases for more than 10 years. Although it is rare disease, a lupus-like syndrome may develop and life-threatening visceral involvement may be observed during treatment with anti-TNF drugs. Herein, we present a patient with ankylosing spondylitis who developed a lupus-like syndrome while undergoing treatment with infliximab.
Integrated remote insulation condition monitoring of generators and motors using traditional and wireless sensor technologies

The reliability of rotating electrical machines is of prime importance for the owner. Unplanned outages may lead to significant production losses. (Remote) monitoring of critical insulation components (rotor and stator) allows the recognition of a developing problem at a very early stage, so that counter measures can be initiated before major damage occurs. A (multi-parameter) monitoring system has been designed, which targets specifically the insulation of large electrical machines. Its remote access (LAN, Internet) allows user and experts to access data, receive warnings and eventually determine corrective actions any time. In order to monitor the long-term efficiency and quality of maintenance and to try and establish the start of problems, the following basic techniques are typically applied on-line, and are part of the monitoring system.
Cancer Therapy : Preclinical Combined PI 3 K / mTOR and MEK Inhibition Provides Broad Antitumor Activity in Faithful Murine Cancer Models

Purpose:Anticancer drugdevelopment is inefficient, but genetically engineeredmurinemodels (GEMM) andorthotopic, syngeneic transplants (OST)of cancermayoffer advantages to in vitro andxenograft systems. Experimental Design: We assessed the activity of 16 treatment regimens in a RAS-driven, Ink4a/Arfdeficient melanoma GEMM. In addition, we tested a subset of treatment regimens in three breast cancer models representing distinct breast cancer subtypes: claudin-low (T11 OST), basal-like (C3-TAg GEMM), and luminal B (MMTV-Neu GEMM). Results: Like humanRAS-mutantmelanoma, themelanomaGEMMwas refractory to chemotherapy and single-agent small molecule therapies. Combined treatment with AZD6244 [mitogen-activated protein– extracellular signal-regulated kinase kinase (MEK) inhibitor] and BEZ235 [dual phosphoinositide-3 kinase (PI3K)/mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) inhibitor] was the only treatment regimen to exhibit significant antitumor activity, showed bymarked tumor regression and improved survival. Given the surprising activity of the "AZD/BEZ" combination in the melanoma GEMM, we next tested this regimen in the "claudin-low" breast cancer model that shares gene expression features with melanoma. The AZD/BEZ regimen also exhibited significant activity in thismodel, leadingus to testing in evenmore diverseGEMMsof basal-like and luminal breast cancer. The AZD/BEZ combination was highly active in these distinct breast cancer models, showing equal or greater efficacy compared with any other regimen tested in studies of over 700 tumor-bearing mice. This regimen even exhibited activity in lapatinib-resistant HER2þ tumors. Conclusion: These results show the use of credentialed murine models for large-scale efficacy testing of diverse anticancer regimens and predict that combinations of PI3K/mTOR and MEK inhibitors will show antitumoractivity in awide rangeof humanmalignancies.ClinCancer Res; 18(19); 5290–303. 2012AACR.
Short-term autonomic and cardiovascular effects of mindfulness body scan meditation

Background: Recent research suggests that the Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction program has positive effects on health, but little is known about the immediate physiological effects of different components of the program.Purpose: To examine the short-term autonomic and cardiovascular effects of one of the techniques employed in mindfulness meditation training, a basic body scan meditation.Methods: In Study 1, 32 healthy young adults (23 women, 9 men) were assigned randomly to either a meditation, progressive muscular relaxation or wait-list control group. Each participated in two laboratory sessions 4 weeks apart in which they practiced their assigned technique. In Study 2, using a within-subjects design, 30 healthy young adults (15 women, 15 men) participated in two laboratory sessions in which they practiced meditation or listened to an audiotape of a popular novel in counterbalanced order. Heart rate, cardiac respiratory sinus arrhythmia (RSA), and blood pressure were measured in both studies. Additional measures derived from impedance cardiography were obtained in Study 2.Results: In both studies, participants displayed significantly greater increases in RSA while meditating than while engaging in other relaxing activities. A significant decrease in cardiac pre-ejection period was observed while participants meditated in Study 2. This suggests that simultaneous increases in cardiac parasympathetic and sympathetic activity may explain the lack of an effect on heart rate. Female participants in Study 2 exhibited a significantly larger decrease in diastolic blood pressure during meditation than the novel, whereas men had greater increases in cardiac output during meditation compared to the novel.Conclusions: The results indicate both similarities and differences in the physiological responses to body scan meditation and other relaxing activities.
Adjuvant tamoxifen therapy for early stage breast cancer and second primary malignancies. Stockholm Breast Cancer Study Group.

BACKGROUND Tamoxifen is being increasingly used for the treatment of breast cancer and is undergoing study for the primary prevention of breast cancer. However, concerns have been raised that the drug may increase the incidence of new primary malignancies, such as endometrial, liver, and colorectal cancers. PURPOSE Our goal was to assess the carcinogenic risks associated with long-term use of tamoxifen in women with early stage breast cancer. METHODS The incidence of new primary cancers among 2729 women participants of the Stockholm Trial was determined at a median follow-up of 9 years. In this trial, after primary surgery, postmenopausal patients aged less than 71 years with unilateral invasive breast cancer were randomly allocated to receive either 2 years of adjuvant tamoxifen (40 mg daily) or no adjuvant endocrine therapy. Information on second cancers was obtained by retrospective linkage to the Swedish Cancer Registry. To increase statistical power, a joint analysis of the incidence of endometrial and gastrointestinal cancers was performed in the following three major studies in Scandinavia evaluating adjuvant tamoxifen therapy: the Stockholm Trial, the Danish Breast Cancer Group Trial, and the South-Swedish Trial. These studies included a total of 4914 patients with a median follow-up of 8-9 years. All P values were calculated from two-tailed tests of statistical significance. RESULTS In the Stockholm Trial, there was a statistically significant (P = .008) reduction in the incidence of second primary cancers in the contralateral breast among the tamoxifen-treated patients. However, there was a nearly sixfold increase in endometrial cancers (P < .001) and a threefold increase in gastrointestinal cancers in the tamoxifen-treated patients. The results of the joint studies showed a statistically significant increase in endometrial cancers among the tamoxifen-treated patients (relative risk [RR] = 4.1; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.9-8.9). There was also an excess of gastrointestinal cancers associated with tamoxifen. Most of this excess involved colorectal cancers (RR = 1.9; 95% CI = 1.1-3.3) and stomach cancer (RR = 3.2; 95% CI = 0.9-11.7). There was no substantial increase in any other type of gastrointestinal cancer (e.g., liver cancer) among the tamoxifen-treated patients. CONCLUSION The endometrium and gastrointestinal organs may be target sites for tamoxifen-induced carcinogenesis in humans. IMPLICATIONS The increased incidence of colorectal and stomach cancers reported here should be regarded as tentative until supported by long-term data from a larger number of tamoxifen trials. Also, appropriate surveillance of cancer incidence is warranted for the protection of participants enrolled in current tamoxifen chemoprevention trials.