Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The peracarid epifauna associated with the ascidian Pyura chilensis (Molina, 1782) (Ascidiacea: Pyuridae)

Epifaunal peracarids inhabit a variety of biogenic substrata, including ascidians. Herein we examined the peracarid fauna living on the tunica of the sublittoral ascidian Pyura chilensis growing in offshore and nearshore conditions in Bahía San Vicente, Chile. From a total of 38 samples we collected 17 species of Amphipoda, five Isopoda and two Tanaidacea. The similarity between the sites was high (73.8%, Sorensen's index). Species diversity (H') was 2.8 and 2.6, evenness (J) was 0.7 and 0.6 at the offshore and nearshore site, respectively. Both species and individual number increased significantly with the size (volume) of the ascidian samples, and these relationships did not differ between the sites. Many species, in particular the most abundant ones, occurred at both sites, but some species were restricted either to the offshore (three species) or to the nearshore site (seven species). Amphipods and tanaids were the most abundant taxa at both sites. The peracarid fauna at both sites was dominated by suspension-feeding peracarids (>80% of the individuals), which utilize the ascidians primarily as shelter, feeding on allochthonous material, i.e. not originating from the ascidians. It is suggested that the high percentage of suspension-feeding species among the epifaunal peracarids is due to the fact that ascidians settle and grow at sites that provide optimal feeding conditions for these organisms.
Distribution and population dynamics of Collembola in relation to soil moisture

The significance of variations in soil moisture for the distribution and abundance of the four collembolan species Tomocerus minor, Orchesella cincta. Lepidocyrtus lignorum and Entomnbrya nivalis has been studied in a pine forest. During a relatively dry summer, the distribution and abundance of these species were examined on two sites with an initially different soil water content and depth of the titter/humus layer. The distribution of the species investigated could be described with the negative binomial distribution. During the sampling period. Lloyd's “index of patchiness”, x/x for T. minor and E. nivalis was subject to changes. For T. minor this was probably related to soil water content. The densities of T. minor and O. cincta were higher in the wet site than in the drier site. At the beginning and at the end of the sampling period the drought tolerant E. nivalis reached equal densities in both sites. The density fluctuations of the four species appeared to be totally different during the sampling period: the drought sensitive species T. minor decreased strongly, L. lignorum remained constant and the drought tolerant species O. cincta and E. nivalis increased strongly. These latter two species were able to survive the dry periods and to attain high densities by reproduction. The results agree with laboratory data on distribution and survival in relation to humidity.
pH-value decrement of saliva-plaque solution after mixing with four customary used infant milk formulas: An in vitro study

Infant milk formulas may cause tooth destruction by producing different organic acids after fermentation by oral microorganisms. The aim of this study was to investigate pH changes in children′s plaque-saliva solutions after fermenting four commonly used infant milk formulas. Plaque-saliva specimens of 25 children were sampled. Infant milk formulas including Bebelac 1, Nan 1, Nan 2 and Aptamil 2 were prepared and added to four respective tubes of saliva-plaque solutions. The pH of samples were measured at 10 min intervals (10-60) at 37°C. All infant milk formulas caused significant pH drop in all of the samples. Aptamil 2 and Bebelac 1 showed nearly the same pH drop and caused more pH value decrement than Nan 1 and Nan 2 after 30, and 60 min. The difference in pH decrement in solutions may be related to their different amounts of fat content as a preventive factor in acid production, as the amounts of other ingredients such as carbohydrate and protein were nearly the same.
The mechanism of insulin action. The effect of insulin on the allosteric properties of intracellular haemoglobin

1. The results in three experimental series have suggested that a number of modifying factors must be taken into account in considering the allosteric behaviour of structurally bound intracellular, as distinct from free, haemoglobin. It seems that intracellular haemoglobin maintains its maximal internal stability during oxygen uptake and release by configurational changes which involve not only its acid—base‐binding groups but also partial electron‐transfer complexes with the stromal macro‐molecular framework. Conversely, the affinity of intracellular haemoglobin for oxygen reflects the positive or negative electron pressures prevailing at the haemoglobin‐stromal complexing sites.
SUPEROXIDE DISMUTASE IN BARLEY

Superoxide dismutese occurs in barley where it can be measured using a xanthine oxidase assay, but not using an assay based on the reduction of Nitro Blue Tetrazolium by photo-reduced riboflavin. Three isozymes are present in the grain: two are cyanide-sensitive and one, of lower activity, is not. Superoxide dismutase is mainly in the embryo of barley and develops in the acrospire, rootlets and endosperm during germination. Synthesis of this enzyme is accelerated by exogenous gibberellic acid. Significant quantities of superoxide dismutase survive kilning: lager malts contain ca 50% more than do ale malts. The enzyme is rapidly destroyed during mashing at 65°C, but large amounts survive mashing at 45°C.
Interactions between satellite tobacco mosaic virus, helper tobamoviruses, and their hosts.

Satellite tobacco mosaic virus (STMV) was detected frequently in California in association with TMV-U5 in naturally infected plants of Nicotiana glauca. Replication of STMV was not helper virus specific because eight tobamoviruses were able to support its replication in experimental infections in hosts that included crop plants such as tobacco and tomato. Two other tobamoviruses as well as several taxonomically distinct viruses could not serve as a helper. Infection with STMV did not alter symptoms induced by the helper viruses in any of the hosts tested (.)
cis-acting genomic elements and trans-acting proteins involved in the assembly of RNA viruses

Abstract There is now considerable evidence that a specific site (or sites) in the genome of an RNA virus interacts with a viral protein to initiate the assembly of the virus ribonucleoprotein or nucleocapsid. We describe the progress that has been made in defining these elements for a number of different viruses: the togavirus, Sindbis virus; the coronavirus, mouse hepatitis virus; influenza A virus; several retroviruses; and the hepadnavirus, hepatitis B virus. The importance of cis-acting elements in packaging has been established for all of these viruses. For Sindbis virus, specificity in the binding of the RNA element to a region of the viral capsid protein in vitro has also been demonstrated.
Cellules souches endogènes : une vraie perspective thérapeutique pour les accidents vasculaires cérébraux?

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Endometrial Scratching Effect on Pregnancy Rate in Intrauterine Insemination Cycles: A Randomized Controlled Trial

Objectives : This study was aimed to examine the endometrial scratch injury effect to improve pregnancy rate in women undergoing intrauterine insemination (IUI). Materials and Methods: This randomized controlled clinical trial was conducted in a University Clinic from November 2017 to January 2019. A total of 120 candidates entered the study, who were assigned to intervention (n=60) and control (n=60) groups. All subjects underwent controlled ovarian stimulation using letrozole 2.5 mg/BD on a day between 3 and 7 of the cycle. Then, the sonographic monitoring was started from day 8 of the cycles, followed by injecting human chorionic gonadotropins (HCG) 100001U intramuscularly when 1-2 follicles reached 18 mm in diameter. Approximately 36-38 hours afterward, IUI was done and a B-HCG test was performed after 15 days as well. In addition, luteal phase support was performed with the vaginal progesterone 400 mg twice daily for 15 days. In the intervention group, on day 3 of the cycle endometrial cavity on the posterior wall was scratched with the vaginal cannula No. 4 by a single infertility specialist in addition to the routine procedure. The chemical and clinical pregnancy rates were the main outcome measurements. Results: The overall clinical pregnancy rates were 11/59 (18.6%) and 10/59 (16.9%) in intervention and control groups, respectively (P=0.810). Further, the abortion rates were 1/59 (1.7%) and 3/59 (5.1%) in intervention and control groups, respectively (P=0.303). Eventually, no cases of ectopic pregnancy were observed in either group. Conclusions: Based on the findings of this study, endometrial scratch by pipelle cannot improve pregnancy rate in the early proliferative phase.
Dispersal gradients of conidia of the butternut canker fungus in a forest during rain.

Dispersal gradients of conidia of Sirococcusclavigignenti-juglandacearum Nair, Kostichka, and Kuntz, the causal agent of butternut canker, were studied in the forest for various rainfall dates. During rain, large numbers of conidia from branch cankers were carried in runoff water down the tree trunks of butternut (Juglanscinerea L.), causing infections that resulted in trunk cankers. Conidia also were dispersed in small droplets or aerosols and disseminated up to 40 m from a cankered tree during rainfall. Concentrations of conidia in the air decreased exponentially with increasing distances from the inoculum source. Dispersal gradients were influenced by stand composition and (or) size of the inoculum source, with steeper gradients associated with a dense forest canopy and a small area source of inoculum. Weather conditions, excluding the necessity for rain, had little influence in altering dispersal gradients within the same stand for different rainfall dates.
Nutrient reduction and climate change cause a potential shift from pelagic to benthic pathways in a eutrophic marine ecosystem

The degree to which marine ecosystems may support the pelagic or benthic food chain has been shown to vary across natural and anthropogenic gradients for e.g., in temperature and nutrient availability. Moreover, such external forcing may not only affect the flux of organic matter but could trigger large and abrupt changes, i.e., trophic cascades and ecological regime shifts, which once having occurred may prove potentially irreversible. In this study, we investigate the state and regulatory pathways of the Kattegat; a eutrophied and heavily exploited marine ecosystem, specifically testing for the occurrence of regime shifts and the relative importance of multiple drivers, e.g., climate change, eutrophication and commercial fishing on ecosystem dynamics and trophic pathways. Using multivariate statistics and nonlinear regression on a comprehensive data set, covering abiotic factors and biotic variables across all trophic levels, we here propose a potential regime shift from pelagic to benthic regulatory pathways; a possible first sign of recovery from eutrophication likely triggered by drastic nutrient reductions (involving both nitrogen and phosphorus), in combination with climate‐driven changes in local environmental conditions (e.g., temperature and oxygen concentrations).
Variation in Agonistic Behavior between Newly Emerged Juveniles from Hatchery and Wild Populations of Coho Salmon, Oncorhynchus kisutch

We compared agonistic behavior of newly emerged coho salmon (Oncorhynchus kisutch) between hatchery and wild populations using mirror image stimulation tests. We used hatchery populations from two different regions of Vancouver Island B.C., each matched with a wild population from its region. In both comparisons, hatchery juveniles were more aggressive than wild juveniles. Rates of aggressive display increased with time since emergence for both hatchery and wild fish, as did the differences in behavior between the two types. By the sixth day of observation (13 d postemergence), the overall effect of fish type was highly significant for all aggressive behaviours. Since the individuals compared were reared from eggs under identical conditions, these differences are presumably genetic. Comparisons involved relatively few families from each population. However, because heritability was moderate to low within populations, and variance between population types exceeded variance among families within populations.
DETERMINATION OF THE BINDING PARAMETERS OF THE ADDUCT 3-NITRO PHENYLFERROCENE-DNA USING CYCLIC VOLTAMETRY, ELECTRONIC SPECTROSCOPY AND MOLECULAR DOCKING SIMULATION

Binding parameters of the interaction of 3-Nitrophenylferrocene (3FcNO2) with DNA, has been measured by cyclic voltametry (CV) and electronic spectroscopy (Uv-Vis). The obtained results were validated by molecular docking (MD) using AutoDock Tools software. CV results further indicated that 3FcNO2 interact to DNA by hydrogen bonding with binding constant and binding free energy values equal to 7.59×104 M−1 and −27.85 KJ.mol-1 respectively. These values were in a good agreement with those obtained from Uv-Vis measurements. The diffusion coefficient values of the free and bounded 3FcNO2 with DNA obtained from CV experiments were respectively equal to 9.71×10-8 and 4.33×10-9, this finding further confirm the formation of 3FcNO2-DNA adduct. Binding parameters were also estimated by MD, the obtained values were identical to experimental results.
Broodiness, Intensity of Lay and Total Egg Production of Turkeys

Abstract Heritabilities of, and genetic and phenotypic correlations between various measurements of intensity of lay and total egg production of turkeys were estimated. The heritability estimates of total days lost from broodiness, rate of response to artificial light (days from lighting to first egg), maximum clutch length and average length of all clutches were high (greater than .40) while those for egg production, number and length of broody pauses, numbers of clutches and rate of lay were more moderate (.28 to .36). All measurements of broodiness were negatively correlated with number of eggs produced while measurements of intensity of lay were positively correlated with total egg production. Days lost from broodiness during the laying period was the best measure of broodiness and maximum clutch length was the best measure of intensity of lay. However, selection for either of these traits would probably not result in as great an increase in total egg production as selection directly for an increased number of eggs during a 180-day laying period.
Dispersal of Amazonian Trees: Hydrochory in Swartzia polyphylla 1

Hydrochory was investigated in the seeds of the Amazonian floodplain tree, Swartzia polyphylla, in which pods open on the tree to release one large seed. Seeds collected from beach drift along the Rio Negro showed a high percentage of floaters (82%). Yet most seeds sank following collection from: adult trees (89%), unflooded ground under adults (96%), and flooded ground under adults (86%). The specific gravity of the seeds was near that of water, 1.04 ± 0.03 for sinkers and 0.98 ± 0.02 for floaters. The ability to float was correlated directly with the volume of the air pocket between the two cotyledons, which varied from 5.6 to 20.5 percent of the total seed volume. In a long‐term floatation test lasting 81 days, 45 percent of the seeds never floated, 33 percent always floated, and 22 percent first sank for one week and then floated for at least one month. Seeds that never floated eventually rotted, but not until days 63‐73. Seeds that were floating at day 81, regardless of how long they had been floating, were placed on moistened filter paper for 18 days during which time 36 percent germinated, 45 percent rotted, and 19 percent did neither but remained viable. These results suggest that S. polyphylla achieves dimorphism in flotation of its seeds, some sinking and some floating, by producing seeds of continuous variation in specific gravity around a mean close to 1.00. Seeds that float can be dispersed long distances along river margins, while those that sink may be moved only marginally from the parent tree.
Within-ring δ13C spatial variability and interannual variations in wood cellulose of two contrasting provenances of Pinus pinaster

La composition isotopique du carbone (δ 13 C) a ete mesuree dans la cellulose extraite d'echantillons de bois preleves sur des pins maritimes (Pinus pinaster Ait.) âges de 26 ans. Ces pins appartenaient a une provenance mesique de France (Landes) et a une provenance marocaine (Tamjoute) resistante a la secheresse et croissaient au meme endroit en France. Une analyse de variabilite spatiale a montre que les valeurs de δ 13 C dans les cernes variaient d'environ 0,5‰ (ecart type moyen = 0,12‰) sur la circonference et d'environ 1‰ (ecart type moyen = 0,22‰) en hauteur. La variation de δ 13 C entre les annees etait de 3‰. Les valeurs annuelles successives, de 1972 a 1991, de δ 13 C pour quatre arbres suivaient a peu pres les variations de l'indice de stress hydrique, calcule en tenant compte des variables climatiques aussi bien que du niveau de la nappe phreatique dans le sol: δ 13 C augmentait avec la secheresse. Les deux provenances (30 arbres par provenance) ont ete comparees a un stade juvenile (vieux cernes) et a un stade mature (cernes recents). La provenance resistante a la secheresse (Tamjoute) avait de plus faibles valeurs de δ 13 C, independamment de l'âge des cernes. Les relations entre δ 13 C et la hauteur des arbres, intra- autant qu'inter-provenances, sont discutees.
PHYSICAL PART IN MULTIDISCIPLINARY APPROACH IN REHABILITATION OF CARDIAC PATIENTS

The study was ained to analysis of the physical component in the complex rehabilitation of cardiac patients with acute coronary syndrome. Rehabilitation of patients with acute coronary syndrome was performed according to the author's "Program of Clinical and Psychological Rehabilitation of Cardiac Patients by Optimizing the Internal Health Image". The physical component in complex multidisciplinary rehabilitation of cardiac patients with acute coronary syndrome is necessary and provides the optimum possible recovery of the body, promotes adherence to treatment, provides awareness of the role of various disease development factors. In the course of physical rehabilitation, the patient chooses new strategies for recovery and preservation of health.
Mutual Predation in Assembled Communities of Odonate Species

Larval individuals from six anisopteran species were added to artificial ponds so that each pond contained an equal number and size distribution of each species. Half of these ponds were exposed to an additional anisopteran, Anax junius. Interodonate predation in Anax-free ponds was size dependent, with the smallest species, Perithemis tenera, experiencing the highest mortality. Predation in ponds containing Anax was not size dependent, but was species dependent. Plathemis lydia individuals were not signifi- cantly affected by Anax, probably due to the tendency of Plathemis to dig deeply into the sediment. Pe. tenera was shown to have a different allometric relationship between head width and body volume than the other six dragonfly species. We postulate that this is correlated with its small size and is an adaptation to increase the range of prey available to it.
The impact of American mink Mustela vison and European mink Mustela lutreola on water voles Arvicola terrestris in Belarus

In the U.K. the impact of introduced American mink Mustela vison, on water voles Arvicola terrestris, may be exacerbated by habitat loss and fragmentation. Pristine wetlands in Belarus, which American mink invaded in the early 1990s, provide a three-pronged opportunity to test this hypothesis. First, we examine the evidence that, even in the unmanaged wetlands of our Belarussian study site, American mink have reduced water vole populations. Second, we ask whether habitat size, type and isolation mitigate the impact of American mink predation. Thirdly, we explore whether water voles are at greater risk of predation from American than European mink because of their patterns of habitat use. Following the invasion of American mink, water voles were most abundant in small, still-water sites, far from river banks, while American mink were most active in large, running-water sites. Small mammal remains were found in a higher percentage of American than European mink scats, and of these, more were water vole in American mink scats. The occurrence of water voles in scats of both mink species declined after the American mink invaded and established. Our results provide at least circumstantial evidence that American mink limit water vole populations even in unmanaged wetland eco-systems, and that they have a greater impact than their European congener at least partly because they make greater use of isolated marshes. Although by no means providing complete protection, the configuration and dispersion of available habitat mitigated the impact of American mink on water voles. This raises the possibility that habitat restoration, especially through the establishment of isolated enclaves, could help reduce the effect of American mink in the U.K. These observations are of broader interest in the context of assessing the effect of multiple pressures on vulnerable species.