Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
[Use of event related potentials for the diagnosis and follow up of sub clinical disorders of sustained attention in ischemic cerebrovascular disease].

INTRODUCTION Ischemic cerebrovascular disease causes cognitive disorders among survivors, which may range from vascular dementia to alterations of a sub clinical nature. These are not easily detected using conventional diagnostic tools. Some of the most frequent disorders after a cerebral infarction are those affecting sustained attention or vigilance. The event related potential (ERP) P300 or P3 could be a valuable diagnostic indicator of this type of disorder and its evolution. AIMS. The evaluation and diagnosis of sub clinical disorders of sustained attention in patients with cerebral infarction by using ERP as a method of diagnosis and follow up. PATIENTS AND METHODS We studied 13 patients with cerebral infarction located in the left parietal lobe, 13 with infarction in the right parietal lobe and 26 healthy control subjects, who were paired by gender, age and educational level. All subjects were submitted to a computerized continuous performance test, associated with the recording of electrical brain activity. RESULTS Patients with right parietal lesions made more mistakes due to omission, answered fewer questions correctly and had a lower attention index than the rest of the patients and healthy controls. Although there were no significant differences in the P3 amplitude values, patients with right lesion presented significantly increased latencies in the F7, Fz and Cz derivations. After five months there was a significant improvement in performance in the attentional test. The value of the latency in the Cz derivation, nine days after the occurrence of the cerebral infarction, was related with the number of mistakes made by the subjects five months later in the attention test. CONCLUSIONS Patients with an ischemic lesion in the right parietal lobe presented disorders in sustained attention, which were only diagnosed adequately by use of computerized tests associated with ERP recordings. This shows that evoked potentials are valuable in cognitive diagnosis, and also demonstrates the relation that exists between the capacity to hold the attention on a stimulus over a period of time and the structures of the right parietal lobe. Five months later, these disorders of a sub clinical nature can disappear. The value of the latency in Cz, nine days after the occurrence of the event, acts as a predictor of this recovery. Cognitive rehabilitation plans could benefit from the use of these diagnostic tools.
A Cross-Sectional Study of Medical Students' Knowledge of Patient Safety and Quality Improvement

BACKGROUND The Association of American Medical Colleges and the World Health Organization have endorsed formal patient safety and quality improvement (QI) education for medical students. We surveyed medical students to assess their current level of patient safety and QI knowledge and to identify factors associated with increased knowledge. METHODS A literature review, focus groups with medical students, and local expert interviews were used to develop an electronic survey, which was distributed to all medical students at a single medical school in the spring of 2012. RESULTS Fifty-seven percent of the medical school student body (N = 790) participated in the survey. A greater proportion of students reported previous exposure to patient safety education than to QI education (79% vs 47%). Students scored an average of 56% and 58% on the patient safety and QI knowledge tests, respectively. Having or pursuing an advanced degree (P = .02) and previous exposure to patient safety education (P = .02) were associated with higher knowledge scores. After adjusting for confounding variables, only previous exposure to QI education (P = .02) was associated with higher QI knowledge scores. LIMITATIONS There is a risk of measurement bias due to the use of an unvalidated instrument. Students who have greater knowledge of patient safety or QI might recall exposure at a greater frequency, inflating the association between exposure and knowledge. Also, this is a cross-sectional study, so we cannot draw conclusions about causality. CONCLUSIONS Medical students' knowledge of patient safety and QI is low. Previous formal or informal education about these topics is associated with increased knowledge.
Back to basics – how the evolution of the extracellular matrix underpinned vertebrate evolution

The extracellular matrix (ECM) is a complex substrate that is involved in and influences a spectrum of behaviours such as growth and differentiation and is the basis for the structure of tissues. Although a characteristic of all metazoans, the ECM has elaborated into a variety of tissues unique to vertebrates, such as bone, tendon and cartilage. Here we review recent advances in our understanding of the molecular evolution of the ECM. Furthermore, we demonstrate that ECM genes represent a pivotal family of proteins the evolution of which appears to have played an important role in the evolution of vertebrates.
Molecular interactions between Plasmodium and its insect vectors

Our understanding of the intricate interactions between the malarial parasite and the mosquito vector is complicated both by the number and diversity of parasite and vector species, and by the experimental inaccessibility of phenomena under investigation. Steady developments in techniques to study the parasite in the mosquito have recently been augmented by methods to culture in their entirety the sporogonic stages of some parasite species. These, together with the new saturation technologies, and genetic transformation of both parasite and vector will permit penetrating studies into an exciting and largely unknown area of parasite–host interactions, an understanding of which must result in the development of new intervention strategies. This microreview highlights key areas of current basic molecular interest, and identifies numerous lacunae in our knowledge that must be filled if we are to make rational decisions for future control strategies. It will conclude by trying to explain why in the opinion of this reviewer understanding malaria–mosquito interactions may be critical to our future attempts to limit a disease of growing global importance.
Effects of altered cytoplasmic domains on transport of the vesicular stomatitis virus glycoprotein are transferable to other proteins

Alterations of the cytoplasmic domain of the vesicular stomatitis virus glycoprotein (G protein) were shown previously to affect transport of the protein from the endoplasmic reticulum, and recent studies have shown that this occurs without detectable effects on G protein folding and trimerization (R. W. Doms et al., J. Cell Biol., in press). Deletions within this domain slowed exit of the mutant proteins from the endoplasmic reticulum, and replacement of this domain with a foreign 12-amino-acid sequence blocked all transport out of the endoplasmic reticulum. To extend these studies, we determined whether such effects of cytoplasmic domain changes were transferable to other proteins. Three different assays showed that the effects of the mutations on transport of two membrane-anchored secretory proteins were the same as those observed with vesicular stomatitis virus G protein. In addition, possible effects on oligomerization were examined for both transported and nontransported forms of membrane-anchored human chorionic gonadotropin-alpha. These membrane-anchored forms, like the nonanchored human chorionic gonadotropin-alpha, had sedimentation coefficients consistent with a monomeric structure. Taken together, our results provide strong evidence that these cytoplasmic mutations affect transport by affecting interactions at or near the cytoplasmic side of the membrane.
EVALUATING AND IMPROVING COLLECTION TREE PROTOCOL IN MOBILE WIRELESS SENSOR NETWORK

ii ACKNOWLEDGEMENT . iii List of Abbreviations.vii LIST OF Figures . viii LIST OF TABLES . x Chapter 1: Introduction . 2 1.1 Wireless Sensor Networks . 2 1.2 Routing in Wireless Sensor Networks . 5 1.2. 1 MANET vs. WSN . 5 1.2. 2 Routing Protocols in WSN . 6 1.3 Mobile Wireless Sensor Networks Characteristics and Applications . 9 1.4 Performance Evaluation Metrics . 12 1.5 The Problem . 14 1.6 Objectives . 14 1.7 Approach . 15 1.8 Thesis Contributions . 16 1.9 Thesis Outline . 16 Chapter 2: Background and Related Work. 18 Chapter 3: CTP Design Overview . 24 3.1 Collection Tree Protocol’s key challenges . 25 3.2 Link estimation and adaptive beaconing in CTP . 25
High Prepregnant Body Mass Index is Associated With Poor Lactation Outcomes Among White, Rural Women Independent of Psychosocial and Demographic Correlates

To determine whether high prepregnant body mass index (BMI) is associated with later onset of lactogenesis II (LGII) and shorter duration of breastfeeding, we questioned 151 women about their demographic and psychosocial characteristics during pregnancy and about the onset of LGII during days 1 to 5 postpartum. Compared towomen with earlier (< 72 hours) onset of LGII, those with later onset had a higher BMI (P < .05), a higher proportion of primiparity (P < .01), and a lower infant score on the Mother-Baby Assessment (P < .05). Prepregnant BMI (P < .04) and primiparity (P < .005) were each associated with later onset of LGII, but only primiparity remained significant when both factors were considered simultaneously. These results suggest that, in addition to those who have just delivered their first infant, those with higher prepregnant BMI values also warrant extra support to decrease their risk of early discontinuation of breastfeeding. J Hum Lact. 20(1):18-29.
Efficiency measurement of thermoelectric modules operating in the temperature difference of up to 550K

A technique to precisely measure the efficiency of thermoelectric modules has been developed within the framework of the Japanese project "The Development for Advanced Thermoelectric Conversion Systems" supported by the New Energy and Industrial Technology Development Organization (NEDO). For modules operating in the temperature difference of up to 550 K, this technique can accurately measure both the heat flow rate through a module and the generated electrical power. Techniques to measure the efficiency of modules constructed by the different participating companies are crucial for the development of thermoelectric modules and for judging the progress of this project itself. However, neither commercially available modules that operate at temperatures above 573 K nor an efficiency measurement technique for such modules are readily available. At the laboratory level, relatively few evaluation systems for higher temperature modules have been developed. In this project, the measurement conditions for evaluation of such modules have been defined. Based on these defined conditions, we have developed an efficiency measurement system for different types of modules that operate in the temperature difference of up to 550 K
Analysis of the Service Dominant Logic network, authors, and articles

ABSTRACT The present study analyses research conducted in Service Dominant Logic (S-D logic), providing an overview of its intellectual structure. For that purpose, a structured approach was adopted through the implementation of bibliometric methods, using co-citation analysis combined with performance analysis and an integrative science mapping approach, which considered a timeline, a graph, and a distance-based perspective. This allowed the identification of the leading authors and of six clusters of articles based on bibliographic coupling, along with the most prominent research themes clustered in five subdomains of research based on co-occurrence of terms. The networks extracted show the associations between the main articles and concepts treated by the S-D logic community, unveiling the salient challenges and prospective expansion facing its future theoretical and practical context.
Pediatric illness severity measures predict delirium in a pediatric intensive care unit

Context:Delirium in children is a serious but understudied neuropsychiatric disorder. So there is little to guide the clinician in terms of identifying those at risk. Objective:To study, in a pediatric intensive care unit (PICU), the predictive power of widely used generic pediatric mortality scoring systems in relation to the occurrence of pediatric delirium (PD). Design and Methods:Four-year prospective observational study, 2002–2005. Predictors used were the Pediatric Index of Mortality (PIM) and Pediatric Risk of Mortality (PRISM II). Setting:A tertiary 8-bed PICU in the Netherlands. Patients:877 critically ill children who were acutely, nonelectively, and consecutively admitted. Main Outcome Measure:Pediatric delirium. Main Results:Out of 877 children with mean age 4.4 yrs, 40 were diagnosed with PD (Cumulative incidence: 4.5%), 85% of whom (versus 40% with nondelirium) were mechanically ventilated. The area under the curve was 0.74 for PRISM II and 0.71 for the PIM, with optimal cut-off points at the 60th centile (PRISM: sensitivity: 76%; specificity: 62%; PIM: sensitivity: 82%; specificity: 62%). A PRISM II or PIM score above the 60th centile was strongly associated with later PD in terms of relative risk (PRISM II: risk ratio = 4.9; 95% confidence interval: 2.3–10.1; PIM: RR = 6.7; 95% confidence interval: 3.0–15.0). Given the low incidence of PD, values for positive predictive value were lower (PRISM II: 8.3%; PIM: 8.9%, rising to, respectively, 10.1% and 10.6% in mechanically ventilated patients) and values for negative predictive value were higher (PRISM II: 98.3%; PIM: 98.7%). Limitations:Given the relatively low incidence of delirium, a low detection rate biased toward the most severe cases cannot be excluded. Conclusions:Given the fact that PIM and PRISM II are widely used mortality scoring instruments, prospective associations with PD suggest additional value for ruling in, or out, patients at risk of PD.
Genetic and Cultural Evolution of Cooperation

the weakest. I would have liked to seen more direct, critical evaluation of the classical liberal position and its relation to racism, and a stronger, more pointed rejoinder by Levy and Peart to the arguments of Zlotnick and Sheth would have been welcome. Followers of the ongoing debates surrounding the economics of racism will benefit from this collection, and several of the papers {those of Prasch and of Darity and Mason in particular} can readily find their way into course reading assignments. An extensive bibliography is provided. Lastly, the University of Michigan Press should be commended for its quality production of the work.
Subaru Deep Near-Infrared Imaging of the Field of a Possible Proto-Cluster Near the Radio Galaxy 53W002 at z = 2.4

We present the results of deep K � -a ndJ-band imaging of the field of a proto-cluster region near the radio galaxy 53W002 at z =2 . 390 with the Subaru Telescope. The data were analyzed together with deep optical and nearinfrared (NIR) images taken with the Hubble Space Telescope to investigate the properties of ten optically compact emission-line galaxies and candidates. Excluding the three objects which may contain active galactic nuclei, many are faint or undetected at K � (λrest ≈6000 u A), and are therefore revealed to be intrinsically small starbursting objects. On the other hand, we detect few objects with colors and magnitudes expected for quiescent massive galaxies at z =2 . 4i n the f ield.
Diagnosis and Management of Group A Streptococcal Pharyngitis: A Practice Guideline

Abstract This is the second in a series of practice guidelines commissioned by the Infectious Diseases Society of America through its Practice Guidelines Committee. The purpose of these guidelines is to provide assistance to clinicians when making decisions on treating the conditions specified in each guideline. The targeted providers are pediatricians, family practitioners, and internists. The targeted patients and setting for the acute pharyngitis guideline are pediatric, adolescent, and adult outpatients with a complaint of sore throat. Funding was provided by the IDSA. Panel members represented experts in adult and pediatric infectious diseases. The guidelines are evidence-based. A standard ranking system was used for the strength of the recommendations and the quality of the evidence cited in the literature reviewed. The document has been subjected to external review by peer reviewers as well as by the Practice Guidelines Committee and was approved by the IDSA Council. An executive summary, algorithms, and tables highlight the major recommendations. Indicators of quality will assist in guideline implementation. The guideline will be listed on the IDSA home page at http://www.idsociety. org.
A Lytic Viral Long Noncoding RNA Modulates the Function of a Latent Protein

ABSTRACT Latent Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (KSHV) episomes are coated with viral latency-associated nuclear antigen (LANA). In contrast, LANA rapidly disassociates from episomes during reactivation. Lytic KSHV expresses polyadenylated nuclear RNA (PAN RNA), a long noncoding RNA (lncRNA). We report that PAN RNA promotes LANA-episome disassociation through an interaction with LANA which facilitates LANA sequestration away from KSHV episomes during reactivation. These findings suggest that KSHV may have evolved an RNA aptamer to regulate latent protein function.
Design trends and challenges of logic soft errors in future nanotechnologies circuits reliability

Nanometer circuits are becoming increasingly susceptible to soft errors due to alpha particle and atmospheric neutron strikes as device scaling reduces node capacitances and supply voltage scaling reduces noise margins. The result is a significantly reduced reliability that becomes unacceptable in an increasingly number of applications as we move deeper to the nanotechnologies. In this context, logic soft errors, a concern for space applications in the past are a reliability issue at ground-level today. More and more techniques were used to mitigate various faults including the logic soft errors. The paper comprehensively analyzes logic soft errors sensitivity in future deep submicron processes, and also discusses the fault tolerant schemes at different design levels.
Impact of Entrepreneurial Leadership Style on Business Performance of SMEs in Tanzania

This study attempts to explore the extent to which entrepreneurial leadership style is used by CEOs in Tanzanian SMEs. The study also attempts to determine the relationship between entrepreneurial leadership style of CEOs and business performance of small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) CEOs in Tanzania. The research is based on primary data collected by mailed questionnaires and analyzed quantitatively using Pearson product moment correlation and simple regression by SPSS. The findings show that 68.88% of all CEOs in Tanzania use entrepreneurial leadership style. More over the findings showed that there is a significant strong positive correlation between entrepreneurial leadership style and business performance of SMEs in Tanzania
Linkage analysis and physical mapping near the gene for X-linked agammaglobulinemia at Xq22.

The gene for X-linked agammaglobulinemia (XLA) has been mapped to Xq22. No recombinations have been reported between the gene and the probe p212 at DXS178; however, this probe is informative in only 30-40% of women and the reported flanking markers, DXS3 and DXS94, are 10-15 cM apart. To identify additional probes that might be useful in genetic counseling, we examined 11 polymorphisms that have been mapped to the Xq21.3-q22 region in 13 families with XLA. In addition, pulsed-field gel electrophoresis and yeast artificial chromosomes (YACs) were used to further characterize the segment of DNA within which the gene for XLA must lie. The results demonstrated that DXS366 and DXS442, which share a 430-kb pulsed-field fragment, could replace DXS3 as proximal flanking markers. Probes at DXS178 and DXS265 identified the same 145-kb pulsed-field fragment, and both loci were contained within a 200-kb YAC identified with the probe p212. A highly polymorphic CA repeat (DXS178CA) was isolated from one end of this YAC and used in linkage analysis. Probes at DXS101 and DXS328 shared several pulsed-field fragments, the smallest of which was 250 kb. No recombinations were seen between XLA and the DXS178-DXS265-DXS178CA complex, DXS101, DXS328, DXS87, or the gene for proteolipid protein (PLP). Key crossovers, when combined with the linkage data from families with Alport syndrome, suggested the following order of loci: cen-DXS3-DXS366-DXS442-(PLP, DXS101, DXS328, DXS178-DXS265-DXS178CA complex, XLA)-(DXS87, DXS94)-DXS327-(DXS350, DXS362)-tel. (ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
An umbrella of legitimacy: Rebel faction size and external military intervention

How may the legitimacy of rebel groups shape the decisions of third-party states to support insurgencies militarily? In aiming to better understand how the (group-level) attributes of insurgencies motivate interventions on their behalf, we argue that the size of rebel forces serves as a proxy for a revolution’s perceived legitimacy within the international community. Specifically, we maintain that the larger the insurgency, the greater the insurgency’s perceived legitimacy and, thus, the more likely intervention on its behalf becomes. This analysis challenges previous studies that have confined the causal salience of faction size to relative capabilities or strength, and it also underscores the controversial policy implications of this finding.
Trend shifts in the forward premium and the predictability of excess returns in currency markets

ABSTRACT This article provides evidence that the forward premium involves structural changes in the trend function, which might affect the predictability of currency excess returns to be dependent on the choice of the sample period. Accounting for the shifts in trend for the forward premium reveals that currency excess returns for the Canadian dollar, Swiss franc, euro and pound against the US dollar are significantly predictable irrespective of the sample period selected. Another advantage of detrending the forward premium is that we can obtain more consistent slope coefficient estimates in the predictive regression, which enables us to make more consistent, dependable inferences about the excess return predictability.