Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Generating and Steering of Quasi-nondiffraction Beam by Substrate Integrated Waveguide Slot Array Antenna

A millimeter-wave single layer substrate integrated waveguide (SIW) slot array is presented in this paper, which is designed to generate and steer the quasi-nondiffraction beam. In most of the existing nondiffraction beam launchers, the required phase and amplitude distribution are achieved with the central feeding radial topology. As a result, the propagating direction of the previous quasi- nondiffraction beam is usually along the broadside direction and cannot be steerable. Here, a transverse SIW Leaky-wave slot array is proposed to generate the quasi-nondiffraction beam. The slot distribution is modulated to generate the holographic phase for changing the wavefront of the incident wave to synthesize a near-field focusing antenna with a controlled depth of field. Besides, a passive beamformer is investigated and integrated with the slot array in a whole substrate. Each single leaky-wave slot array is designed with the tapered radiation distribution, working together with the tapered passive beamformer to generate the desired tapered amplitude distribution in the whole array aperture. The quasi-nondiffraction beam frequency scanning capacity of the leaky-wave SIW slot array is investigated and implemented. This type of antenna has a good prospect in near-field fast scanning applications.
Theory and Experiment of a Compact Waveguide Polarization Diplexer

The present paper discusses a problem of the design of a compact waveguide polarization diplexer (WPD) with focus on its technology and application in the mm-wave frequency range. The proposed device has a three-port structure with the symmetric diagonal plane, which includes two rectangular waveguides with a standard cross-section, and a perpendicular $H$ -plane junction and one circular waveguide coupled in $E$ -plane. The main functional WPD item is pin shaped like a crosshead screwdriver. All the key functional parts belong to one assembling part and processed in the same milling operation, which provides the maximum accuracy of the structure. The design contains no small parts, irises or steps, and do not require too high manufacturing tolerances. The proposed WPD design has a compact functional structure which total size is less than $0.82\lambda_{0}\times 0.82\lambda_{0}\times 0.39\lambda_{0}$ and provides co-polarized transmission coefficient above −0.2 dB, reflection coefficient less −22 dB, linear channel coupling below −25 dB and cross-polarization level under −30 dB in a frequency bandwidth up to 10%.
Research on the Integrated Navigation Technology of Inertial-Aided Visual Odometry

With the development of computer vision technology and image processing technology, visual navigation technology has been applied more and more in the navigation and positioning of autonomous mobile platforms, but visual navigation mainly depends on image quality and scene texture information. The inertial sensor (IMU) can measure the angular velocity and acceleration of the sensor body and can provide high-precision pose information in a short time. Both sensors have the advantages of small size, light weight, and low cost. In this thesis, the positioning technology based on binocular visual odometry algorithm which provided pose information for the sports carriers. Meanwhile,, The INS-assisted visual odometry and an integrated navigation methods were studied based on the characteristics of the vision and IMU and their complementary characteristics.
Voltage Converters in Parallel Working as Virtual Synchronous Generators

The actual high energy consumption is a constant global risk due to the impact that this causes on the planet, multiple solutions from the technical, social and economic points of view have sought to mitigate these problems. One of these solutions is known as microgrid, which integrates renewable energy sources through power interfaces in order to provide quality electric power service. The use of DC / AC converters in microgrids is fundamental and therefore has been investigated from the topologies, modulation and control schemes. One of these techniques is known as Virtual Synchronous Generators or Synchronverter, where the inverter is searched for as a synchronous generator. Therefore, in the following article the Synchronverter technique and proportional resonant control is developed to operate inverters in parallel with in an electrical microgrid.
Retinal angiomatous proliferation and polypoidal choroidal vasculopathy – phenotypes of neovascularisation in age-related macular degeneration

Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is the leading cause of loss of visual acuity in developed countries. Antagonists of Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor (anti-VEGF) have been successfully used intravitreally in treating the neovascular form of this disease (nAMD) and limiting vision loss. With the latest developments in multimodal imaging we can discern multiple types of neovascularization, some of which have an unusual course, despite treatment with anti-VEGF. Indocianine green angiography (ICGA) and optical coherence tomography (OCT) have been used to distinguish two special forms of nARMD, i.e., retinal angiomatous proliferation (RAP) and polypoidal choroidal vasculopathy (PCV). RAP appears in 10–15 % of newly discovered nARMD, usually in older patients and is also known as type 3 neovascularisation, which starts intraretinally. It responds well to anti-VEGF. However, it requires closer monitoring, since in 75 % of patients it requires repeated treatment. In contrast, PCV evolves in the choroid and typically causes hemorrhagic exudative maculopathy, which is relatively unresponsive to anti-VEGF. It appears in 4–14 % of nAMD, and in somewhat younger patients. It requires a specifc approach to treatment, combining anti-VEGF with laser therapy, and close monitoring. Although PCV and RAP are less common forms of nARMD, we should use and properly interpret FA, ICGA and OCT in order to initiate recommended treatments and follow-up. Herewith we can lessen the adverse impact on the visual acuity and increase the quality of life of our patients.
Performance Analysis of High- $k$ Dielectric Based Double-gate Carbon Nanotube MOSFET

The Carbon Nano Tube Metal Oxide Semiconductor Field Effect Transistors (CNT-MOSFETs) have been invented as one of the sustainable transistor even when the device dimensions are in the nano-scales. The CNTs are capable for realizing high mobility in the channel. The CNT-MOSFETs utilize carbon nanotubes as channel of the device and maintain high electrical performance along with mitigation to the short channel effects. Because of their superior electronic properties, they are becoming popular consistently. In this research work, authors have designed and analyzed the electrical behavior of carbon nanotube transport and report the effects of variation of dielectric materials as SiO2, Al2O3, Ta2O5, and HfO2 on the electrical performance of double-gate structure CNT-MOSFET. The performance of the designed device have been compared with the electrical characteristics obtained using different high- $k$ gate dielectric materials. The comparison at different gate insulator gives an adequate explanation for current transport behavior in the transistor and demonstrates the improvement in ballistic CNT-MOSFET.
Computer Image Processing and Nc Carving Methods for Complex Ceramic Products

The rapid development of CAD/CAM/CNC computer aided design, manufacturing and computer numerical control technology has greatly improved production efficiency, and shortened product development and production cycle, improved product processing accuracy and speed to a certain extent, and reduced production costs. Starting from actual production, this paper deeply studies the NC engraving technology suitable for ceramic body, focusing on the two processing methods of direct image processing and NC processing. Based on the principle of image edge vectorization, an adaptive adjustment method based on direction module is proposed to track the image edge and optimize the contour searching path. At the same time, the tool path generation technology and path planning of image are studied, and the optimal path of ceramic processing is proposed. At last, the software system of NC engraving image processing and processing path optimization is simulated, and the NC engraving of ceramic body is completed in the case realization.
Effect of Low Intensity Laser Irradiation as well as Visible and Infra-Red Polarized Irradiation on Rat Liver Mitochondria

The paper considers the effects of low intensity laser irradiation (LILI; 633 nm, 20–40 mW/cm2) as well as visible and infra-red polarized electromagnetic irradiation (VIRPEI; 480-3400 nm, 20–40 mW/cm2) on the liver mitochondria isolated from both the normal and type 2 diabetic rats. It was revealed that on the one hand the rate of oxygen absorption by mitochondria in rats with diabetes was decreased versus the quantity in rats of control group, but on the other hand the value was increased due to the LILI action. The respiratory data of control rats did not change after the of laser irradiation effect. The mitochondrial functions were decreased as the result of the VIRPEI influence. The respiratory processes are the basic ones for receiving the energy by various biological objects, both multicellular organisms and unicell ones, for example bacteria. Since the biological respiration is based on the electron transport chains functioning, isolated mitochondria is a model system for studying the respiratory processes. The application field of these effects is first of all biotechnology, particularly, cultivation of cells and tissues.
Strategy of Defending UAVs by Interfering Path Planning

This paper proposes the problem of how to maximize the defensive effect by setting up defensive facilities given the path planning method of the enemy's UAV, and made validations and analysis on the commonly used RRT path planning algorithm. From the simulation experiments, some factors that affect the results of the path planning are summarized. We measure the defensive effect by defining the metric E, and discuss the factors that may affect the metric. Finally, by summarizing the impacts of the distribution of defensive facilities on the path planning results under the RRT algorithm, two kinds of trapping schemes for RRT algorithms are proposed, and the experiments also show the effectiveness of these schemes.
Current Development of Energy Storage Technologies for Advanced Applications in Sustainable Power Systems

Current power electrical systems have a variety of innovative technologies that are still being investigated as energy storage systems (SAE). In this regard, this paper presents a review of the development of technologies that are currently known for energy storage, such as: pump hydro storage (PHS), batteries energy storage systems (BESS), flywheels energy storage (FES), double layer capacitor (DLC), superconducting magnetic energy storage (SMES), compressed air energy storage (CAES) and among others. At the same time, a classification is presented, and the most important applications in power systems are described. On the one hand, the classification of SAE is carried out according to their form of storage and according to their main technical features. On the other hand, energy storage technologies are classified according to different criteria, such as the degree of technological maturity, applications, and market prospects. From the analysis, it is obtained that for proper integration of SAE in the current power systems, a thorough selection of the technology to be implemented must be carried out, according to their characteristics and the application in the electrical system.
Reactive Channel State based Allocation Scheme in massive MIMO networks

The Massive MIMO network has a much potential to manage the speedy growth of cellular data traffic. Cellular network generally allocate the dedicated resources to individual active UE, therefore it is necessary for the base station to transfer time-frequency resources location. The massive MIMO network assign all resources of time-frequency to all UEs and isolate them spatially in accordance to their channel sequences, this decrease the access delays at the cost of channel collisions, which causes the intra-cellular channel contamination. Therefore, in this paper, we provide the alternative solution, where each of the UEs needed to assign to a channel sequences before conveying payload data, in order to avoid intra-cell channel collisions. Here, we have focused on the urban organizations with some initial variation of timing and propose a novel RAP for UEs, which want to access the cellular network. Our proposed protocol will able to resolve the channel collisions in a scalable and distributed process, though providing special properties of the massive MIMO channels. Here we have contributed a Reactive channel state based allocation (RCSA) scheme, which will very efficiently operate the RAP blocks at massive MIMO network.
State and Disturbance Observer for Robust Motion Control

The paper proposes a combination of sliding mode control (SMC) strategy with state and disturbance observer (SDO) technique. In most of the applications all the states of the plant are not available for measurement. In that case SDO is used to estimate the plant states along with matched as well as mismatched uncertainties. The estimates of SDO is used in proposed control law to improve the output tracking. The proposed control can effectively regulate the motor speed, even in the presence of uncertainties and disturbances. Disturbance observer (DO) can estimate the matched as well as mismatched uncertainties in the plant. The proposed control is validated experimentally on DC Motor setup with MATLAB-Simulink.
Application of Microstrip Antennas in Energy Harvesting Systems

The article concerns the use of a microstrip antenna in an energy recovery system. It presents the construction of a microstrip antenna working in a wide range of work. The antenna proposed in the article covers the majority of common radio systems with its band. Antenna modeling and determination of its basic parameters and characteristics were made using the CST microwave studio software.
Novel Distance Measurement Method Using Inband-RFID-Technology

For many RFID applications it is desirable to get more information about an item than the unique ID, e.g. the position of a unique item often is of great interest. In this paper we present first simulation results of a novel method for measuring the distance between a reader and commercial off-the-shelf tags. This implies that the communication between a reader and a tag or a bulk of tags is not influenced or interrupted by this novel distance measuring method. It is expected to achieve a distance measuring accuracy of about 1% referred to the maximum communication distance between a reader and a tag. Additionally to the state-of-the-art RFID communication principle, which uses a well-known amplitude modulated (amplitude modulated due to the data transmission from reader to tag) RFID carrier, this novel measuring method uses an overlaid phase modulation. For the measuring principle to work it is important that the wavelength corresponding to the data rate of the phase modulation is not higher than twice the distance between reader and tag. If this condition is truly fulfilled, the phase information of the phase modulated signal will be clearly corresponding to the distance between reader and tag. The reader transmits the phase information to the tag which is returned to the reader due to the backscatter modulation. In a coherent reader structure the phase difference between the transmitted and received baseband signal can be used to calculate the distance from reader to tag. This distance calculation could be realized by correlation. Therefore the cross-correlated of the transmitted and received phase information can be subtracted from the auto correlation of the transmitted phase information. In case of this the distance can be calculated.
Type two diabetes mellitus : an overview of prevalence, pathogenesis, complications and treatment options

Type two diabetes mellitus (DM) is metabolic disorder characterised by hyperglycaemia and poses a major public health challenge due to its deleterious effects on the human vascular tree through subsequent associated morbidity and mortality. Insulin resistance and impaired insulin secretion disturb the balance by which insulin target tissues communicate with β -cells and vice versa through β -cell dysfunction, leading to increased hepatic glucose production. β -cell dysfunction and consequent destruction may be caused by any one or combination of lipotoxicity, glucose toxicity or β -cell exhaustion. Sustained hyperglycaemia will eventually result in DM, which when left untreated, will lead to the development of macro- and microvascular complications. Effective control and management of diabetes is necessary to delay the development of microvascular and macrovascular disease, and requires a concerted, multidisciplinary approach involving all healthcare workers as well as the patient to ensure compliance to a tailored treatment regime.
Grid Connected Micro-inverter Based Solar PV System for Rural School Application

It is necessary to develop low cost technology to promote the rural electrification for low power application such as pre-primary rural schools like Anganwadi, where the grid is expensive and unreliable. The proposed cost effective system can fulfill their small energy demand. This paper presents 100 watt grid connected PV system design and model in MATLAB/SIMULINK software. The system comprises main component of PV module, boost converter, Micro-inverter and filter. PWM control technique is employed to regulate output of Micro-inverter. Grid synchronization of PV system is achieved successfully using PLL (Phase Lock Loop) method. The anti-islanding circuitry is used for protection when grid goes down or in case of grid failure. Hence PV generated power can be utilized fully by powering loads and excess power can be injected to the grid.
Reconstruction of solution to a hyperbolic equation from boundary data

We deal with the problem of determining a solution to a certain hyperbolic equation considered in Ω×ℝ, Ω ⊂ ℝ3. A solution u is to be recovered in some part of the cylinder Ω×ℝ from Cauchy data u, ∂νu given on S × I, where S ⊂ ∂Ω is a part of the boundary, I ⊂ ℝ is a time interval. We provide a reconstruction algorithm for this problem based on analytic expressions.
Balanced-to-Balanced Gysel Filtering Power Divider With Arbitrary Power Division

This paper presents the balanced-to-balanced Gysel filtering power divider with arbitrary power division for first time. Based on the multicoupled series-resonator bandpass prototype network, a detailed theory analysis is presented and the corresponding design equations are concluded. Two filtering power dividers with the division ratio of 2 and 3 are realized using the half-wavelength resonator and the short-stub-loaded resonator. Finally, two example circuits are fabricated and measured for verification. The measured results show good agreement with the simulated and confirm the theory.
Speech enhancement using phoneme level classification

Speech enhancement is one of the speech processing techniques which is perturbed mostly with increasing some perceptual part of speech like quality and intelligibility that has been debased by noise. The intelligibility of a speech can be improved by the isolation of target speech from noisy speech. This work aims to enhance the performance of the speech at the phoneme level. A phoneme is the basic unit of sound. There are 59 phonemes as per the TIMIT speech database. Features such as MFCC, RASTAPLP, AMS, GTFB are extracted for each phoneme at the frame level. The extracted features are given to the classifier for training as a result, a trained model is obtained. Then, Binary Mask based on the frame energy is estimated for each phoneme. An Ideal Binary Mask (IBM) is generated, if the energy of speech is greater than noise then it is assigned 1, otherwise, it is 0. During testing, the trained model gives the label for the given phoneme and the corresponding ideal binary mask is taken for resynthesis. Thus, enhanced speech is obtained. Performance such quality measure (SNR), intelligibility measure (STOI & CSII) were calculated for the resultant speech signal.
Enhancement of Temperature-humidity Retrieval Algorithms of Satellite MW Data Processing

Additional a priori and/or supplementary information on the state of the atmosphere potentially improves the efficiency of retrieval algorithms in comparison to the usage of mean climatic statistics of the atmosphere. Exploration and evaluation of the efficiency of the application of such additional information is the main point of this work. To achieve this goal, this work investigates the statistical approach expansion by including new types of a priori information about the temperaturehumidity state of the atmosphere. The developed methodology introduces an efficiency measure that allows the estimation of the efficiency of the following a priori information types for atmospheric profile retrieval from satellite MW data processing: 1) covariance matrices of the full vector temperature-humidity state of the atmosphere along a vertical profile, 2) covariance matrices of atmosphere variations along the atmospheres horizontal layer, and 3) physical limits of humidity profile variations. The results of atmospheric profile retrieval, based on the Levenberg-Marquardt algorithm, confirm the possibility of using this approach to restore atmospheric parameters in real time, i.e. for times shorter than the correlation intervals in the atmosphere.
A VSLAM Fusing Visible Images and Infrared Images from RGB-D camera for Indoor Mobile Robot

Vision-based simultaneous localization and mapping (VSLAM) system cannot work well in low illumination or darkness, because there is not enough information in a visible image taken in that situation. In this paper, a method is presented to solve this problem by fusing information of visible images and infrared images. The key idea is to create map points respectively from visible images and infrared images for location and mapping. Evaluation in 4 sequences in 3 illumination conditions shows that our method is performed well.
GPS Spoofing Detection of Unmanned Aerial Vehicles by Dynamics Identification

Global Positioning System (GPS) spoofing is a common mean to cheat an Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) which is guided by the INS/GPS integrated navigation system. Detecting the spurious GPS signal is the precondition of anti-spoofing for UAVs. A detection system of GPS spoofing is designed based on dynamics identification. The centroid motion model and attitude motion model were established. The measurement information from inertial measurement units (IMUs) and positioning information from GPS both are visualized responses to the dynamic laws of UAVs. These two types of measurement information were separately used to estimate the dynamics parameters of UAVs online using two Extended Kalman Filters (EKFs). The detection of spurious GPS signals was realized effectively based on the monitoring of relative estimation errors. Numerical simulations demonstrated that the dynamics parameters could be estimated online by the combined filters. And the precision and accuracy of filter #1, which was based on IMU information, were both higher than those of filter #2, which was based on GPS information. When the spurious GPS signal was just zero-order continuous with the true signal at the penetration point, a pulse relative error would occur at the penetration point; when the spurious GPS signal was first-order continuous with the true signal at the penetration point, a step relative error would occur. Furthermore, relative systematic errors matched with the period of spurious signals.