Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Extended State Observer-Based Nonlinear Terminal Sliding Mode Control With Feedforward Compensation for Lower Extremity Exoskeleton

This paper presents and experimentally demonstrates an extended state observer (ESO) -based nonlinear terminal sliding mode control strategy with feedforward compensation (ESO-F-NTSMC) for lower extremity exoskeleton. Since the lower extremity exoskeleton (LEE) is a coupled human-exoskeleton coordination system, the internal or external disturbances and uncertainties affect its performance. A nonlinear terminal sliding mode control with feedforward compensation (F-NTSMC) is proposed to drive the lower extremity to shadow the target human gait trajectory. An ESO is employed to estimate the total disturbances including these caused by the chattering phenomenon in F-NTSMC. ESO-F-NTSMC can assure that the human gait trajectory tracking can converge to a bounded region smoothly and robustly. The phase identification-based human gait generation approach is also presented. The derivation process of the ESO-F-NTSMC is shown the and the Lyapunov-based stability analysis is conducted. To illustrate the proposed method’s effectiveness, experiments are performed on three human subjects walking on the floor at a natural speed. The results demonstrate that the exoskeleton can actively collaborate with the user under the proposed method.
Characterization and recovery of phenolic compounds from grape pomace - : A review

Recent findings have indicated potential health-beneficial effects of plant secondary metabolites, such as polyphenolics and carotenoids. Due to their widespread occurrence in plant foods, a diet rich in fruits and vegetables has been propagated by health authorities, as can be seen from the '5 a day campaign'. On the other hand sources are being searched for the recovery of phenolic compounds which may be used for the production of functional or enriched foods. Therefore, in a comprehensive screening the contents of individual phenolic compounds were determined in the skins and seeds of 14 grape pomace samples originating from red and white winemaking. The results indicate by-products of winemaking to bean inexpensive source for a wide range of different polyphenolics. With those pomace samples exhibiting the highest polyphenol levels a novel process for their extraction was developed on a pilot-plant scale, employing cell wall degrading enzymes for an enhanced release of phenolics. Finally, the crude extracts were purified using the adsorber technology to obtain a highly concentrated purified polyphenol extract.
Six-minute walk distance, ECOG Performance Status, and Modified Borg Scale scores in a cohort of Pakistani patients with noncancerous end-stage liver disease selected for liver transplant.

OBJECTIVE To evaluate the functional status of Pakistani patients with non-cancerous end-stage liver disease selected for liver transplant and to compare results acquired through various assessment tools. METHODS The study was conducted at the Rehabilitation Medicine Department, Shifa International Hospital Islamabad, Pakistan, from August 2017 to November 2019 and comprised end-stage liver disease patients of either gender who had been selected for liver transplant. Assessment tools included the Six-Minute Walk Distance, Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group Performance Status and Modified Borg Dyspnoea Scale across age, gender, ethnicity, primary aetiology, and Model for end-stage liver disease score. Data were analysed using SPSS 20. RESULTS Of 172 patients, 143(83%) were males; 99(58%) hailed from the Punjab province; and 118(71%) had hepatitis C as the most common aetiology. The overall mean age was 46.1±10.5 years (range: 14-70 years). The mean Six-Minute Walk Distance was 291.9±67.2m. Model for end-stage liver disease score had a significant inverse correlation with Six-Minute Walk Distance (p<0.01) and a significant positive correlation with Modified Borg Dyspnoea Scale (p=0.02) and Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group Performance Status scores (p<0.01). Age and ethnicity had no correlation with the variables (p>0.05). CONCLUSIONS The Six-Minute Walk Distance was significantly low. The Model for end-stage liver disease score was inversely correlated with Six-Minute Walk Distance score, and positively correlated with Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group Performance Status and Modified Borg Dyspnoea Scale scores.
Effet de la diversité générationnelle sur le besoin en espaces verts. L’indice de Shannon outil de lecture, de mesure et d’évaluation

Resume Le présent article vise à éclaircir l’effet de la diversité générationnelle sur la formulation du besoin d’espaces verts. L’outil de lecture adopté est le l’indice de Shannon. Son utilisation est accompagnée par l’indice de richesse (nombre de tranches d’âges) et l’indice d’équitabilité. Il s’avère que, plus la composition de la population est variée et équilibrée, plus le besoin en espaces verts par habitant occupe une position médiane en termes de surface d’espaces verts par habitant. Une « bonne diversité » au sens de richesse et équitabilité se révèle ainsi parmi les ferments pour une présence soutenue et préservation de l’élément végétal dans les projets d’aménagement.
Automatic Word Spacing of Korean Using Syllable and Morpheme

In Korean, spacing is very important to understand the readability and context of sentences. In addition, in the case of natural language processing for Korean, if a sentence with an incorrect spacing is used, the structure of the sentence is changed, which affects performance. In the previous study, spacing errors were corrected using n-gram based statistical methods and morphological analyzers, and recently many studies using deep learning have been conducted. In this study, we try to solve the spacing error correction problem using both the syllable-level and morpheme-level. The proposed model uses a structure that combines the convolutional neural network layer that can learn syllable and morphological pattern information in sentences and the bidirectional long shortterm memory layer that can learn forward and backward sequence information. When evaluating the performance of the proposed model, the accuracy was evaluated at the syllable-level, and also precision, recall, and f1 score were evaluated at the word-level. As a result of the experiment, it was confirmed that performance was improved from the previous study.
Rural mental health care during a global health pandemic: Addressing and supporting the rapid transition to tele-mental health.

The adoption of tele-mental health by mental health professionals has been slow, especially in rural areas Prior to 2020, less than half of mental health agencies offered tele-mental health for patients In response to the global health pandemic in March of 2020, mental health therapists across the U S were challenged to make the rapid shift to tele-mental health to provide patient care Given the lack of adoption of tele-mental health previously, immediate training in tele-mental health was needed This article describes collaborative efforts between two mental health technology transfer centers and one addiction technology transfer center in rural regions of the U S in response to the rapid adoption of remote technologies to provide mental health services A learning series of real-time tele-mental health trainings and supplemental materials were offered beginning in March 2020 to support this transition A weekly learning series covered a variety of topics relevant to telehealth including technology basics, billing, state legislation, and working with children and adolescents Given the demand of these initial training sessions, additional trainings were requested by agencies outside the regional technology transfer centers To date, there have been more than 13,000 views of the tele-mental health web page which includes recorded training sessions, handouts, and supplemental tele-mental health materials The article also provides a summary of the questions and concerns highlighted by the more than 4,500 providers who joined the learning series, noting key rural and urban clinical and structural barriers to providing virtual care (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2021 APA, all rights reserved)
A Survey on Robotic Technologies for Forest Firefighting: Applying Drone Swarms to Improve Firefighters’ Efficiency and Safety

Forest firefighting missions encompass multiple tasks related to prevention, surveillance, and extinguishing. This work presents a complete survey of firefighters on the current problems in their work and the potential technological solutions. Additionally, it reviews the efforts performed by the academy and industry to apply different types of robots in the context of firefighting missions. Finally, all this information is used to propose a concept of operation for the comprehensive application of drone swarms in firefighting. The proposed system is a fleet of quadcopters that individually are only able to visit waypoints and use payloads, but collectively can perform tasks of surveillance, mapping, monitoring, etc. Three operator roles are defined, each one with different access to information and functions in the mission: mission commander, team leaders, and team members. These operators take advantage of virtual and augmented reality interfaces to intuitively get the information of the scenario and, in the case of the mission commander, control the drone swarm.
A Maximal Understanding of Sacrifice: Bataille, Richard Wagner, Pilgrimage and the Bayreuth Festival

This paper calls for a broad conception of sacrifice to be developed as a resource for cultural sociology. It argues the term was framed too narrowly in the classical work of Hubert and Mauss. The later approach of Bataille permits a maximal understanding of sacrifice as non-utilitarian expenditures of money, energy, passion and effort directed towards the experience of transcendence. From this perspective, pilgrimage can be understood as a specific modality of sacrificial activity. This paper applies this understanding of sacrifice and pilgrimage to the annual Bayreuth “Wagner” Festival in Germany. Drawing on a multi-year mixed-methods study involving ethnography, semi-structured interviews and historical research, the article traces sacrificial expenditures at the level of individual festival attendees. These include financial costs, arduous travel, dedicated research of the artworks, and disciplines of the body. Some are lucky enough to experience transcendence in the form of deep emotional experience, and a sense of contact with sacred spaces and forces. Our study is intended as an exemplary paradigm case that can be drawn upon analogically by scholars. We suggest that other aspects of social experience, including many that are more ‘everyday’, can be understood through a maximal model of sacrifice and that a rigorous, wider comparative sociology could be developed using this tool.
Investigating the Performance of the Exploratory Graph Analysis When the Data Are Unidimensional and Polytomous

The question of how observable variables should be associated with latent structures has been at the center of the area of psychometrics. A recently proposed alternative model to the traditional factor retention methods is called Exploratory Graph Analysis (EGA). This method belongs to the broader family of network psychometrics which assumes that the associations between observed variables are caused by a system in which variables have direct and potentially causal interaction. This method approaches the psychological data in an exploratory manner and enables the visualization of the relationships between variables and allocation of variables to the dimensions in a deterministic manner. In this regard, the aim of this study was set as comparing the EGA with traditional factor retention methods when the data is unidimensional and items are constructed with polytomous response format. For this investigation, simulated data sets were used and three different conditions were manipulated: the sample size (250, 500, 1000 and 3000), the number of items (5, 10, 20) and internal consistency of the scale (α = 0.7 and α = 0.9). The results revealed that EGA is a robust method especially when used with graphical least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (GLASSO) algorithm and provides better performance in the retention of a true number of dimension than Kaiser's rule and yields comparable results with the other traditional factor retention methods (optimal coordinates, acceleration factor and Horn's parallel analysis) under some conditions. These results were discussed based on the existing literature and some suggestions were given for future studies.
Deep Learning Multimodal for Unstructured and Semi-Structured Textual Documents Classification

: Due to the availability of a huge number of electronic text documents from a variety of sources representing unstructured and semi-structured information, the document classification task becomes an interesting area for controlling data behavior. This paper presents a document classification multimodal for categorizing textual semi-structured and unstructured documents. The multimodal implements several individual deep learning models such as Deep Neural Networks (DNN), Recurrent Convolutional Neural Networks (RCNN) and Bidirectional-LSTM (Bi-LSTM). The Stacked Ensemble based meta-model technique is used to combine the results of the individual classifiers to produce better results, compared to those reached by any of the above mentioned models individually. A series of textual preprocessing steps are executed to normalize the input corpus followed by text vectorization techniques. These techniques include using Term Frequency Inverse Term Frequency (TFIDF) or Continuous Bag of Word (CBOW) to convert text data into the corresponding suitable numeric form acceptable to be manipulated by deep learning models. Moreover, this proposed model is validated using a dataset collected from several spaces with a huge number of documents in every class. In addition, the experimental results prove that the proposed model has achieved effective performance. Besides, upon investigating the PDF Documents classification, the proposed model has achieved accuracy up to 0.9045 and 0.959 for the TFIDF and CBOW features, respectively. More-over, concerning the JSON Documents classification, the proposed model has achieved accuracy up to 0.914 and 0.956 for the TFIDF and CBOW features, respectively. Furthermore, as for the XML Documents classification, the proposed model has achieved accuracy values up to 0.92 and 0.959 for the TFIDF and CBOW features, respectively.
Total laparoscopic clipless cholecystectomy by harmonic scalpels in patients with gall bladder stones

Background: Gallstones are common in western countries. Usually in minimally invasive cholecystectomy, cystic artery and duct both are separately ligated using metallic clips and then divided. Harmonic scalpel is effectual, useful, and secure instrument regarding control of blood loss and dissection especially in laparoscopic procedure for cholecystectomy. Objective: To delineate outcome of totally clipless laparoscopic cholecystectomy with harmonic scalpels in gall stones disease. Methods: This research (a retrospective case study) was done at surgical department, Lahore General Hospital, Lahore for 12 months. Total 195 patients fulfilling the inclusion & exclusion criteria were enrolled. Then patients underwent surgery under general anaesthesia. During surgery, operative time, gall bladder perforation and blood loss were noted. Patients were evaluated if conversion to open surgery was required. After surgery, patients were followed-up in OPD for 7 days for assessment of infection. Results: Mean age of patients was 45.75±14.98 years. Among patients 93(47.7%) were male and 102(52.3%) were female. Mean duration of gall bladder stone was 5.02±0.80 months. Mean time for operation was 50.27±12 minutes. Mean loss of blood was 73.11±20.46 ml respectively. There were 24(12.3%) cases who had perforation. Total 35(17.9%) patients suffered from infection post operatively. Conclusion: Total laparoscopic clipless cholecystectomy by harmonic scalpels is fully safe and useful technique in surgery for gall bladder stones.
Toward a unified model of stress recovery and cognitive restoration in nature

Author(s): Scott, Emily E. ; McDonnell, Amy S. ; LoTemplio, Sara B. ; Uchino, Bert N. ; Strayer, David L. | Abstract: There is abundant evidence for both cognitive and affective improvements stemming from spending time in nature; however, the mechanism underlying these effects are still under debate. Frameworks such as Attention Restoration Theory (ART; Kaplan 1995) and Stress Recovery Theory (SRT; Ulrich et al. 1991) have been helpful in understanding how restoration is achieved. Using the neurovisceral integration model (NIVM; Thayer and Lane 2000, 2002), we suggest that cognitive restoration and stress recovery co-occur and that they are bidirectional manifestations of activity in the vagus nerve, which links the peripheral nervous system (PNS) to the central nervous system (CNS). Future research should examine both PNS and CNS activity simultaneously to provide a better understanding of the changes in the body and brain associated with immersion in nature. This research program will provide the scientific evidence to help inform public policy related to human health, urban design, and environmental protection.
PV Microinverter Solution for High Voltage Gain and Soft Switching

This article proposes a high-gain flyback-type microinverter for photovoltaic (PV) power generation. The proposed topology integrates a voltage-doubler circuit with the flyback converter to produce the high voltage conversion gain. The solution is effective to minimize the high demand of the winding turns ratio in the flyback transformer. Besides, an active-clamp circuit is employed in the primary side for the resonant operation. The solution reduces the voltage and current stress and supports zero voltage switching of the power switching. The stress reduction achieved by the resonant operation further minimizes the conduction loss of the converter. A prototype is constructed and tested to show the experimental performance, which verified the advantages of the proposed solution for PV microinverter applications.
Relationship of Physiotherapy Intervention and the Level of Community Reintegration of Stroke Survivors In Accra, Ghana

Background: Stroke is one of the major causes of death and disability in the world. During rehabilitation, there appears to be little or no emphasis placed on reintegrating the stroke survivors into their communities.The study sought out to determine the relationship between physiotherapy and the level of community reintegration among stroke survivors.Method: This observational study involved51 stroke survivors referred to physiotherapy departments of selected hospitals in Accra. Participants completed the Reintegration to Normal Living Index and the Modified Rankin Scale at baseline and after 8 weeks of physiotherapy sessions. Wilcoxon’s test was used to assess the difference between the baseline and end point scores for reintegration and disability while Chi square and Spearman correlation were used to test for associations between physiotherapy intervention and community reintegration. A p-value of 0.05 was set.Results: The mean reintegration score at baseline was 55.5±17.00 and 76±14.00 at end point (p = 0.001) while the mean disability score at baseline was 3.43±0.67 and 2.31±0.68 at end point (p = 0.001) showing a significant level of improvement from baseline to endpoint of the reintegration and disability scores. There was a low association between duration of stroke (p=0.008) and duration of physiotherapy (p=0.038) with regards to reintegration 8 weeks post physiotherapy.Conclusion: Physiotherapy plays a role in the reintegrating of stroke survivors into their communities. Incorporation of community reintegration into rehabilitation programmes for stroke survivors could be useful. Efforts to include physiotherapy to reintegrate stroke survivors could therefore be strengthened
The influence of clinical training level on the empathy levels of undergraduate and postgraduate dental students

Amac: Bu calismanin amaci klinik egitim duzeyinin lisans ve lisansustu dis hekimligi ogrencilerinin empati duzeyleri uzerindeki etkisini degerlendirmektir. Gerec ve Yontem: Iki yuz yetmis alti ogrenci (ucuncu, dorduncu ve besinci sinif ogrencileri ve farkli bolumlerden doktora ogrencileri) Jefferson Hekim Empati Olcegi anketinin ogrenci versiyonunu yanitladi. Toplam skor ve uc alt grup (hastanin bakis acisini yakalama, saglik hizmeti verirken duyarli olma, hastanin yerine kendini koyma) skoru degerlendirildi. Olcegin guvenilirligi Cronbach alfa katsayisi (0.77) ile degerlendirildi. Istatistiksel analiz icin bagimsiz orneklem t-testi ve tek yonlu varyans analizi (ANOVA) kullanildi (p <0.05). Bulgular: Dorduncu sinif ogrencileri en yuksek toplam empati skoruna (106.0 ± 13.1) sahipti ve bu grup ile lisansustu ogrencileri (98.6 ± 14.2) arasinda istatistiksel olarak anlamli bir fark gozlendi. “Saglik hizmeti verirken duyarli olma” alt grup skoru ortalamasi, lisansustu ogrenciler icin (36.2 ± 7.6), dorduncu sinif ogrencilerine (39.9 ± 6.6) kiyasla onemli bir dusus gosterdi. Kadinlarin toplam empati ortalama skoru ve “saglik hizmeti verirken duyarli olma” alt grup ortalama skoru (sirasiyla 104.2 ± 13.6, 39.6 ± 7.1), erkeklerden (sirasiyla 99.7 ± 1, 37.1 ± 7.8) daha yuksek bulundu. Kardes sahibi olan katilimcilarda, dis hekimligi egitiminin derecesinden bagimsiz olarak, “hastanin yerine kendini koyma” alt grup ortalama skorunda anlamli artis gozlendi (p<0.05). Sonuc: Lisansustu ogrencilerinin empati duzeyleri devam eden klinik egitimle birlikte azalma gostermistir ve bu durum artan klinik sorumluluklar ve profesyonel tutumla iliskilendirilebilir.
The Impact of Corporate Governance on Firm Performance During The COVID-19 Pandemic: Evidence from Malaysia

The purpose of this study is to evaluate the effect of COVID-19 on corporate governance attributes and firm performance association This research used a sample of 188 non-financial firms from the Malaysian market for the years 2019-2020 We found that the COVID-19 has affected all firm characteristics including firm performance, governance structure, dividend, liquidity, and leverage level, yet, the difference between prior and post COVID-19 pandemic is not significant Also, the investigation revealed that board size exerts a significant positive impact on firm performance After splitting the sample based on year, however, we found that board size does not matter in the uncertain time of the current crisis, while board diversity appeared to be significantly enhancing firm performance in the crisis time compared to the prior year where it has an inverse association with firm performance in both indicators Board meetings and audit committee meetings seemed to have a significant negative influence on firm performance pre and post-COVID-19 This study contributes to the limited literature by providing the first empirical evidence on the impact of Coronavirus on the firm performance and corporate governance association © Copyright: The Author(s) This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (https://creativecommons org/licenses/by-nc/4 0/) which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited