Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Short-term effects of prescribed burning on wood-rotting fungi.

The prefire fungal flora (polypores and corticoid fungi) of 284 dead trees, mainly fallen trunks of Norway spruce (Picea abies), was studied in 1991 in an old, spruce-dominated mesic forest in southern Finland. Species diversity of the prefire fungal flora was very high, including a high proportion of locally rare species and four threatened polypore species in Finland. In 1992 part of the study area (7.3 ha) was clear-cut and a 1.7 ha forest stand in the center of study area was left standing with a tree volume of 150 m/ha, and later on (June 1st) in the same year the whole area was burned. Burning was very efficient and all trees in the forest stand were dead one year after the fire. Also the ground layer burned almost completely. In 1993 the fungal flora of the 284 sample trees was studied again. Most of the trees had burned strongly and the fungal species diversity and the evenness in community structure had decreased considerably as compared with the prefire community. Species turnover was also great, especially in corticoid fungi. Greatest losses in the species numbers occurred in moderately and strongly decayed trees, in coniferous trees and in very strongly burned trees. Fungal flora of non-decayed and slightly decayed trees, deciduous trees and slightly burned trees seemed to have survived the fire quite well, and in these groups the species numbers had increased slightly as compared with the prefire community. Fungal species suffering from fire (anthracophobe species) were mainly growing in moderately and strongly decayed trees before the fire, whereas species favoured by fire (anthracophile species) were growing in less decayed trees. No fruitbodies of threatened polypores or other "old-forest species" of polypores were found again after fire. Some very common and effective wood-rotting fungi (e.g. Fomitopsis pinicola, Fomes fomentarius, Antrodia serialis) survived the fire quite well (anthracoxene species). Species favoured by fire were mainly ruderal species which can utilize new, competition-free resources created by fire, and species that have their optima in dry and open places also outside forest-fire areas. Some rarities, e.g. Phanerochaete raduloides and Physisporinus rivulosus, were favoured by fire.
Evaluation of a Self-Adaptive Voltage Control Scheme for Low-Power FPGAs

This paper presents a fine-grain supply- voltage-control scheme for low-power FPGAs. The proposed supply-voltage-control scheme detects the critical path in real time with small overheads by exploiting features of asynchronous architectures. In an FPGA based on the proposed supply-voltage- control scheme, logic blocks on the sub-critical path are autonomously switched to a lower supply voltage to reduce the power consumption without system performance degradation. Moreover, in order to reduce the overheads of level shifters used at the power domain interface, a look-up-table without level shifters is employed. Because of the small overheads of the proposed supply-voltage-control scheme and the power domain interface, the granularity size of the power domain in the proposed FPGA is as fine as a single four-input logic block. The proposed FPGA is fabricated using the e-Shuttle 65 nm CMOS process. Correct operation of the proposed FPGA on the test chip is confirmed.
Solid Dispersions of Oxeglitazar in PVP K17 and Poloxamer 407 by Supercritical Antisolvent and Coevaporation Methods

The objective of this work was to improve the dissolution rate and aqueous solubility of oxeglitazar. Solid dispersions of oxeglitazar in PVP K17 (polyvinilpyrrolidone) and Poloxamer 407 (polyoxyethylene-polyoxypropylene block copolymer) were prepared by supercritical antisolvent (SAS) and coevaporation (CoE) methods. Drug-carrier formulations were characterized by powder X-ray diffraction, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, gas chromatography, UV/VIS spectroscopy and in vitro dissolution tests. The highest dissolution rate (nearly 3-fold higher than raw drug) was achieved by preparation of drug/PVP K17 coevaporate. Oxeglitazar/PVP K17 solid dispersions were stabilized by hydrogen bonding but contained higher amount of residual DCM than Poloxamer 407 formulations regardless of the method of preparation. SAS prepared oxeglitazar/Poloxamer 407 dissolved more than two times faster than raw drug. However, unlike PVP K17, Poloxamer 407 did not form a single phase amorphous solid solution with oxeglitazar which has been manifested in higher degrees of crystallinity, too. Among the two techniques, evaluated in this work, conventional coevaporation resulted in higher amorphous content but SAS reduced residual solvent content more efficiently.
On-chip resonantly-driven quantum emitter with enhanced coherence

Advances in nanotechnology provide techniques for the realisation of integrated quantum-optical circuits for on-chip quantum information processing(QIP). The indistinguishable single photons, required for such devices can be generated by parametric down-conversion, or from quantum emitters such as colour centres and quantum dots(QDs). Among these, semiconductor QDs offer distinctive capabilities including on-demand operation, coherent control, frequency tuning and compatibility with semiconductor nanotechnology. Moreover, the coherence of QD photons can be significantly enhanced in resonance fluorescence(RF) approaching at its best the coherence of the excitation laser. However, the implementation of QD RF in scalable on-chip geometries remains challenging due to the need to suppress stray laser photons. Here we report on-chip QD RF coupled into a single-mode waveguide with negligible resonant laser background and show that the coherence is enhanced compared to off-resonant excitation. The results pave the way to a novel class of integrated quantum-optical devices for on-chip QIP with embedded resonantly-driven quantum emitters.
Student leadership training as a stress reduction strategy at a South African university

The role of student leaders at tertiary institutions is common practice. Student leaders participation in both academic and residence leadership roles provides an opportunity for skills development and also a source of income. The multiplicity of roles that residence leaders fulfill have been reported to be a source of stress and dissatisfaction which has had a negative effect on their academic performance. A descriptive research design using a self-report cross-sectional approach was used. The population was student leaders from 19 residence halls at a South African tertiary institution (n=184). Psychometric properties of measures used were consistent with previous studies. Significant positive correlations between role overload and role stress as well as training and role satisfaction were established. A negative relationship was established between training and role satisfaction. These findings are consistent with previous studies that reported training as an important factor in determining student leader satisfaction. Key words: Role stress; role overload; student leadership; training; role satisfaction; performance
Stochastic self-similar processes and random walk in nature

Abstract In this paper we consider the result which was obtained by the first author of the present work to describe scaling rules in nature, R(N) = (h/mnc)N Φ , in connection with the well-know RandomWalk. By adopting this prospect, we present the result as a Brownian motion process developed as a limit of a Random Walk in the context of Mohamed El Naschie’s E(∞) Cantorian space-time applied in cosmology.
The Effect of Uncertainty on Macroeconomic Activity

I replicate and extend the research documented in Jones and Enders (2016) and manage to come to similar conclusions. I employ a nonlinear framework, the logistic smooth transition autoregressive (LSTAR) model, in combination with conditional volatility estimated using an EGARCH model, realised volatility and conditional volatility estimated using a MIDAS model as respective uncertainty measures. I find that uncertainty indeed has a nonlinear effect on macroeconomic activity, in this paper proxied by industrial production, and this effect also turns out to be asymmetric in the sense that positive and negative shocks of the same size have different sized effects on industrial production.
Comparison of Conventional and Hybrid Cars Exploitation Costs

The paper analyzes three different, but similar class cars, two of them with conventional spark ignition (SI) engines, and one – hybrid (SI + electricity). Statistics of fuel consumption and mileage of several years are presented and analyzed, fuel price changes and provided exploitation costs. The analysis shows that in countries where are no privileges for the acquisition of hybrid cars or for operation (less parking or tolls, insurance or technical inspection price), the payback is hardly possible, because the hybrid car’s price is about 2 times higher than that of a normal car, and fuel costs are reduced merely by about 20%. The results of the analysis show that payback of the hybrid car (at current fuel prices), in the best case possible after 0,73 million kilometers. Within annual mileage an average of 25 thousands km, the hybrid car will payback after 30 years!
On statistical power grid observability under communication constraints (invited paper)

Phasor Measurement Units (PMUs) have enabled real-time power grid monitoring and control applications realizing an integrated power grid and communication system. The communication network formed by PMUs has strict latency requirements. If PMU measurements cannot reach the control centre within the latency bound, they will be invalid for calculation and may compromise the observability of the whole power grid as well as related applications. To address this issue, this study proposes a model to account for the power grid observability under communication constraints, where effective capacity is adopted to perform a cross-layer statistical analysis in the communication system. Based on this model, three algorithms are proposed for improving power grid observability, which are an observability redundancy algorithm, an observability sensitivity algorithm and an observability probability algorithm. These three algorithms aim at enhancing the power system observability via the optimal communication resource allocation for a given grid infrastructure. Case studies show that the proposed algorithms can improve the power system performance under constrained wireless communication resources.
Crustal Structure of Active Deformation Zones in Africa: Implications for Global Crustal Processes

The Cenozoic East African rift (EAR), Cameroon Volcanic Line (CVL), and Atlas Mountains formed on the slow‐moving African continent, which last experienced orogeny during the Pan‐African. We synthesize primarily geophysical data to evaluate the role of magmatism in shaping Africa's crust. In young magmatic rift zones, melt and volatiles migrate from the asthenosphere to gas‐rich magma reservoirs at the Moho, altering crustal composition and reducing strength. Within the southernmost Eastern rift, the crust comprises ~20% new magmatic material ponded in the lower crust and intruded as sills and dikes at shallower depths. In the Main Ethiopian Rift, intrusions comprise 30% of the crust below axial zones of dike‐dominated extension. In the incipient rupture zones of the Afar rift, magma intrusions fed from crustal magma chambers beneath segment centers create new columns of mafic crust, as along slow‐spreading ridges. Our comparisons suggest that transitional crust, including seaward dipping sequences, is created as progressively smaller screens of continental crust are heated and weakened by magma intrusion into 15–20 km thick crust. In the 30 Ma Recent CVL, which lacks a hot spot age progression, extensional forces are small, inhibiting the creation and rise of magma into the crust. In the Atlas orogen, localized magmatism follows the strike of the Atlas Mountains from the Canary Islands hot spot toward the Alboran Sea. CVL and Atlas magmatism has had minimal impact on crustal structure. Our syntheses show that magma and volatiles are migrating from the asthenosphere through the plates, modifying rheology, and contributing significantly to global carbon and water fluxes.
Laboratory and field responses of algal nitrate reductase to diel periodicity in irradiance, nitrate exhaustion, and the presence of ammonium

Use of nitrate reductase (NR) activlty as an index of rates of nltrate Incorporation in manne phytoplankton has been complicated by inadequate assays, and the high degree of regulation of the enzyme under different non-steady-state conditions The relationship between NR activity and rates of nitrate incorporation was examined uslng a modified NR assay (which Included bovine serum albumln) under diel pe r~od~c i ty in i r rad~ance , following exhaustion of nitrate, and in the presence of ammonium Laboratory experiments using the diatom Thalassiosira pseudonana showed that on a 14 10 h hght dark cycle, NR activity had 2 d~stinct peaks within 1 cycle, one in the m ~ d d l e of the light period, and the other towards the end of the dark penod Each of these peaks has been noted In previous work, both in culture and in natural populations, but this is the first descnpt~on of both in 1 cycle Throughout the d ~ e l cycle, NR activ~ty closely matched rates of nitrate incorporation calculated from increases in part~culate nitrogen In the cultures As n~ t r a t e was exhausted in the cultures, NR actlvity declined in step w ~ t h nitrate incorporation rates (estimated from nitrate depletion, increases in par t~cula te nltrogen or the product of cell growth rate and cell nitrogen content) In cultures where n ~ t r a t e was substituted by ammonium, no NR activity was detected, but when ammonium was exhausted, background contamination of the medium with nitrate (approximately 1 PM) was suffic~ent o cause the appearance of NR activity and the uptake of nitrate Dally additions of 2 pM ammonium to cultures growing on nitrate had no effect on the r e l a t~onsh~p between NR activity and nitrate incorporat~on rate The NR assay was used in a preliminary study of natural assemblages of phytoplankton in Monterey Bay, California, USA, during a post-upwelling diatom bloom Die1 periodicity in NR activity was observed that was virtually identical to that found in laboratory cultures Ammonium inhibition on a time scale simllar to that seen in culture was also recorded These preliminary results a re promlslng for the use of NR activity to estimate rates of nltrate incorporat~on In field popula t~on of phytoplankton
Staff perceptions on talent management and retention: A case of a labour organisation in Gauteng

As high turnover is costly and disruptive, all organisations aim to retain talented employees. Talented employees give organisations a competitive advantage in the complex business environment of today. The aim of this article is to report on the employeesâ€™ perceptions of talent management retention at a labour organisation in Gauteng. The population comprised 317 permanent staff members, and a convenience sample of 162 was used. A principal factor analysis was employed to determine the main factors, namely, dedication to staff and dedication of staff. Descriptive statistics were used to determine the perceptions of staff members on these two factors. In conclusion, recommendations are offered to labour relations practitioners on how human resource practices can contribute to the fair treatment and retention of talented employees in an organisation.
Aminoacyl-tRNA Synthetase Production for Unnatural Amino Acid Incorporation and Preservation of Linear Expression Templates in Cell-Free Protein Synthesis Reactions

Aminoacyl-tRNA Synthetase Production for Unnatural Amino Acid Incorporation and Preservation of Linear Expression Templates in Cell-Free Protein Synthesis Reactions Andrew Broadbent Department of Chemical Engineering, BYU Master of Science Proteins—polymers of amino acids—are a major class of biomolecules whose myriad functions facilitate many crucial biological processes. Accordingly, human control over these biological processes depends upon the ability to study, produce, and modify proteins. One innovative tool for accomplishing these aims is cell-free protein synthesis (CFPS). This technique, rather than using living cells to make protein, simply extracts the cells’ natural protein-making machinery and then uses it to produce protein in vitro. Because living cells are no longer involved, scientists can freely adapt the protein production environment in ways not otherwise possible. However, improved versatility and yield of CFPS protein production is still the subject of considerable research. This work focuses on two ideas for furthering that research. The first idea is the adaptation of CFPS to make proteins containing unnatural amino acids. Unnatural amino acids are not found in natural biological proteins; they are synthesized artificially to possess useful properties which are then conferred upon any protein made with them. However, current methods for incorporating unnatural amino acids do not allow incorporation of more than one type of unnatural amino acid into a single protein. This work helps lay the groundwork for the incorporation of different unnatural amino acid types into proteins. It does this by using modified aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases (aaRSs), which are key components in CFPS, to be compatible with unnatural amino acids. The second idea is the preservation of DNA templates from enzyme degradation in CFPS. Among the advantages of CFPS is the option of using linear expression templates (LETs) in place of plasmids as the DNA template for protein production. Because LETs can be produced more quickly than plasmids can, using LETs greatly reduces the time required to obtain a DNA template for protein production. This renders CFPS a better candidate for high-throughput testing of proteins. However, LETs are more susceptible to enzyme-mediated degradation than plasmids are, which means that LET-based CFPS protein yields are lower than plasmid-based CFPS yields. This work explores the possibility of increasing the protein yield of LET-based CFPS by addition of sacrificial DNA, DNA which is not used as a protein-making template but which is degraded by the enzymes in place of the LETs.
Altering Distance and Common Fixed Points under Implicit Relations

We prove a common fixed point theorem for two pairs of occasionally weakly compatible mappings satisfying an implicit relation of a new type that involves an altering distance, so generalizing a theorem of Aliouche and Djoudi (Common fixed point theorems for mappings satisfying an implicit relation without decreasing assumption, Hacettepe J. Math. Stat. 36(1), 11–18, 2007). As a consequence, we obtain a fixed point theorem for two pairs of mappings satisfying an implicit relation of integral type, providing a strong generalization to a known result from Kumar, Chugh and Kumar (Fixed point theorems for compatible mappings satisfying a contractive condition of integral type, Soochow J. Math. 33(2), 181–185, 2007).
Psychometric Properties of the ICF Core Set for Low Back Pain and Its Clinical Use

©2011 Turkish League Against Rheumatism. All rights reserved. Amac: Bu calismada “Islevsellik, Yetiyitimi ve Sagligin Uluslararasi Siniflandirmasi” (ICF) bel agrisi cekirdek setinin psikometrik ozellikleri incelendi. Hastalar ve yontemler: Ayaktan tedavi olan bel agrili 100 hasta (73 kadin, 27 erkek; ort. yas 55.3 yil, dagilim 24-84 yil), bel agrili hastalar icin belirlenen ICF cekirdek seti ile degerlendirildi. Hastalar Roland-Morris disabilite anketi (RMDQ) ve Kisa Form-36 (KF-36) anketini de doldurdu. Bel agrisina yonelik ICF cekirdek setinin ic yapisal gecerliligi Rasch analizi ile dis yapisal gecerliligi ise RMDQ ve KF-36 Saglik Arastirmasi versiyon 1.0 ile iliskileri incelenerek degerlendirildi. Guvenirlik, icsel tutarlilik ve birey ayirsama indeksi kullanilarak test edildi. Bulgular: Sira takip etmeyen yanit kategorileri yeniden skorlandiktan ve bazi maddeler cikarildiktan sonra, “vucut fonksiyonlari ve vucut yapilari” ve “aktiviteler ve katilim” madde setleri Rasch modeli beklentilerini karsiladi ve ortalama madde uyumu sirasiyla 0.005 (SS 0.619) ve −0.006 (SS 0.730), ortalama birey uyumu ise sirasiyla −0.165 (SS 0.561) ve −0.084 (SS 0.806) bulundu. Her iki madde setinin de tek boyutlu oldugu, madde islev farkliligi gostermedigi belirlendi. Her iki setin de guvenilirlikleri yuksek olup, Cronbach’in alfa katsayisi ve birey ayirsama indeksi degerleri 0.77’nin uzerindeydi. Her bir madde seti icin, hastalarin islevsellik duzeyi ortalamasi, maddelerin zorluk duzeyi ortalamasindan dusuk olsa da, maddelerin zorluk duzeylerinin dagilimi ile hastalarin islevsellik duzeylerinin dagilimi ortustu. Her iki madde setinin de, RMDQ ve KF-36 ile beklenen duzeyde korelasyon gostermesi, dis yapisal gecerliliklerini gostermekte idi. “Cevresel faktorler” bileseni Rasch analizinin varsayimlarini saglamadi. Sonuc: Gerekli duzenlemeler sonrasinda, 15 maddelik “vucut fonksiyonlari ve vucut yapilari” seti ve 21 maddelik “aktiviteler ve katilim” seti, bel agrili hastalarda islevselligin degerlendirilmesinde guvenilir ve gecerli olarak bulundu.
ZooLex: the wildest corporate reference work in town?

This article discusses the design, development, and implementation of an Intranet-based corporate reference work at Copenhagen Zoo, Denmark. The article outlines the lexicographic considerations made with particular focus on the provision of a plethora of contextual information in addition to conventional lexicographic data to the employees and the Zoo as a communicative entity. Contextual information is particularly important in order to communicate effectively, and the theoretical considerations are illustrated by means of a number of screen shots from ZooLex ver. 2, which was commissioned and implemented at Copenhagen Zoo in September 2005. ZooLex is a multilingual corporate reference work, which, in addition to conventional lexicographic articles, also features automatic access to a plethora of related contextual information from the Internet, the Zoo's Intranet, official national corpora, and company-specific corpora. ZooLex has special focus on zoological terms in five languages (Danish, English, Swedish, German, and Latin).
On Life, Death, Good and Evil

Is there actual justification for moral laws? Are they only social conventions or is there some hard core involved? Is there some basic ethical principle, telling what deeds are good and what deeds are bad? Second group of questions relates to life and biological death. How should one define life? What happens in the biological death? Is something self-preserved in the biological death in some form? Is there something deserving to be called soul? Are reincarnations possible? Are we perhaps responsible for our deeds even after our biological death? Could the law of Karma be consistent with physics? Is liberation from the cycle of Karma possible? These questions are discussed from the point of view of TGD inspired theory of consciousness. The cosmology of consciousness, the concept of self-having space-time sheet and causal diamond as its geometric correlates, the vision about the fundamental role of negentropic entanglement and Negentropy Maximization Principle, and the hierarchy of Planck constants identified as hierarchy of dark matters and of quantum critical systems, provide the building blocks needed to make guesses about what biological death could mean from subjective point of view.