Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Fecal microbiota profiles in treatment-naïve pediatric inflammatory bowel disease – associations with disease phenotype, treatment, and outcome

Purpose Imbalance in the microbiota, dysbiosis, has been identified in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). We explored the fecal microbiota in pediatric patients with treatment-naïve IBD, non-IBD patients with gastrointestinal symptoms and healthy children, its relation to IBD subgroups, and treatment outcomes. Patients and methods Fecal samples were collected from 235 children below 18 years of age. Eighty children had Crohn’s disease (CD), 27 ulcerative colitis (UC), 3 IBD unclassified, 50 were non-IBD symptomatic patients, and 75 were healthy. The bacterial abundance of 54 predefined DNA markers was measured with a 16S rRNA DNA-based test using GA-Map™ technology at diagnosis and after therapy in IBD patients. Results Bacterial abundance was similarly reduced in IBD and non-IBD patients in 51 of 54 markers compared to healthy patients (P<0.001). Only Prevotella was more abundant in patients (P<0.01). IBD patients with ileocolitis or total colitis had more Ruminococcus gnavus (P=0.02) than patients with colonic CD or left-sided UC. CD patients with upper gastrointestinal manifestations had higher Veillonella abundance (P<0.01). IBD patients (58%) who received biologic therapy had lower baseline Firmicutes and Mycoplasma hominis abundance (P<0.01) than conventionally treated. High Proteobacteria abundance was associated with stricturing/penetrating CD, surgery (P<0.01), and nonmucosal healing (P<0.03). Low Faecalibacterium prausnitzii abundance was associated with prior antibiotic therapy (P=0.001), surgery (P=0.02), and nonmucosal healing (P<0.03). After therapy, IBD patients had unchanged dysbiosis. Conclusion Fecal microbiota profiles differentiated IBD and non-IBD symptomatic children from healthy children, but displayed similar dysbiosis in IBD and non-IBD symptomatic patients. Pretreatment fecal microbiota profiles may be of prognostic value and aid in treatment individualization in pediatric IBD as severe dysbiosis was associated with an extensive, complicated phenotype, biologic therapy, and nonmucosal healing. The dysbiosis persisted after therapy, regardless of treatments and mucosal healing.
Blog Emergent Event Detection Based on Temporal Distribution

Blog is one of the most important carriers for public opinions,and how to automatically detect emergent events of the blog has an important research value for analyzing and diverting public opinions.Because the false emergent events can be detected by ambiguous temporal information,this paper presents a blog emergent event detection method based on temporal distribution.This method can determine whether there are emergency and relevance between events and temporal information through the peak detection and calculating the difference of temporal distribution between the event documents and the background corpus documents,and between event-relevant documents and event-irrelevant documents.The experimental results show that the method can effectively detect emergent events in the blog,and can effectively remove the false emergent events which have ambiguous temporal information.
Cholesterol-reducing activity of Lactobacillus species from chicken

Introduction Probiotics (direct-fed microbials), which included Lactobacillus cultures, increase the natural defence mechanism of chickens and have been used as an alternative to antibiotics in poultry production. Probiotic-fed chickens not only grow faster, consume less feed, have less mortality rate, but also have lower total serum cholesterol level (Jin et al. 1998). Several hypotheses have been put forth to explain ~e hyp~cholesterolemic effect of Lactobacillus. These are: 1) by direct assimilation of cholesterol by Lactobacillus, ii) by coprecipitation of cholesterol with bile acids as a result ~~ bile salt hydrolase enzyme released by Lactobacillus, and m) by both assimilation and co-precipitation. The objectives of the present study were to determine the ability of Lactobacillus to reduce cholesterol and to establish the mechanism(s) involved in the reduction of cholesterol.
An Efficient r-KDE Model for the Segmentation of Dynamic Scenes

This study presents a recursive Kernel Density Estimation model (r-KDE) based method for the segmentation of dynamic scenes. In the algorithm, local maximum in the density functions is approximated recursively via mean shift method firstly. Via the proposed thresholding scheme, components and parameters in the mixture Gaussian distributions can be determined adaptively. The coarse foreground is obtained by background subtraction, and the Bayes classifier is then adopted to eliminate the misclassified points to refine the segmentation result. Experiments with two typical video clips are used for the comparison and to demonstrate the improvements.
Exploitation of Diversity in MC-CDMA Systems

MC-CDMA has an additional degree of freedom to exploit diversity compared to OFDMA or MC-TDMA due to spreading. This paper analyzes the achievable BER lower bounds for different MC-CDMA schemes exploiting channel state information (CSI) at the transmitter, the receiver, or both. Using channel knowledge at both sides is referred to as combined-equalization. Different design criteria for single-user combined-equalization are investigated and the corresponding lower bounds are derived. It is shown that the new lower bounds for combined-equalization outperform the known lower bounds for MC-CDMA systems, which exploit CSI only at the transmitter or receiver.
Sentiment Classification Using the Meaning of Words

Sentiment Classification (SC) is about assigning a positive, negative or neutral label to a piece of text based on its overall opinion. This paper describes our in-progress work on extracting the meaning of words for SC. In particular, we investigate the utility of sense-level polarity information for SC. We first show that methods based on common classification features are not robust and their performance varies widely across different domains. We then show that sense-level polarity information features can significantly improve the performance of SC. We use datasets in different domains to study the robustness of the designated features. Our preliminary results show that the most common sense of the words result in the most robust results across different domains. In addition our observation shows that the senselevel polarity information is useful for producing a set of high-quality seed words which can be used for further improvement of SC task.
Design and implementation of adaptive consistency and replacement algorithm

Cache consistency policies are not typically well combined with the cache replacement policies and affect the performance of proxy cache accordingly,hence a new algorithm called ACR (adaptive consistency and replacement algorithm) based on an optimization model is proposed,designed and implemented. The algorithm incorporates cache consistency policy with cache replacement policy in which the cache consistency policy is adaptive TTL mechanism,while the cache replacement policy is based on a cost/value model. Using trace-driven simulation,the results show that ACR algorithm is better than several traditional algorithms in staleness-hit rate.
Taking Wing Archaeopteryx And The Evolution Of Bird Flight

taking wing archaeopteryx and the evolution of bird flight is available in our digital library an online access to it is set as public so you can get it instantly. Our books collection spans in multiple countries, allowing you to get the most less latency time to download any of our books like this one. Kindly say, the taking wing archaeopteryx and the evolution of bird flight is universally compatible with any devices to read.
Function of commissureless and related genes in drosophila neural development

ii Dedication . iv Ackowledgments v Vita . vi List of Tables . x List of Figures . xi Chapters: Chapter 1: INTRODUCTION . 1 Axon guidance . 1 The CNS idline as a model structure of axon guidance . 4 Drosophila as a model system to study the molecular mechanism of axon guidance . 5 Genes that control axon pathfinding at the midline of Drosophila CNS . 6 Netrins . 6 Receptors mediating reponses to Netrins: Unc-40, Unc-5, Frazzled, DCC . 8 Genes involved in short-range axon guidance at the CNS midlne: roundabout and commissureless . 9 Commissureless(Comm) . 10 Roundabout (Robo) . 11 Comm may act as a regulator of Robo in commissural axons . 14 Chapter 2: COMMISSURELESS COMPLEXES WITH ROBO AND REGULATES THE CELL SURFACE ACCUMULATION OF ROBO Introduction . 23 Materials and Methods . 25
The Value of Sociotechnical Theories for Implementation of Clinical Information Systems

The following chapter provides an overview of sociotechnical theories that can be used to understand, design, implement, and evaluate clinical information systems in health care settings. The sociotechnical approach is one that seeks to identify the dynamics between technology and the social, professional, and cultural environment in which it is used. Theories and models covered include: the technology and information technology acceptance models; a multi-level integration framework approach; social cognition theory; theories that propose a fit between individuals, tasks and the technology; diffusion of innovation theory, and a contextual implementation model. The frameworks presented in this chapter are not exhaustive but are most relevant to the complexity of information and communication technology use in health care settings. DOI: 10.4018/978-1-60960-768-5.ch012
Performance modeling of replication techniques in parallel and distributed layered service architectures

Replication is a technique that maintains and allows access to copies of data and services on multiple servers. It is usually used in multi-tier architecture systems, as found in distributed software systems, to increase performance, reliability, and availability. The growing complexity of modern software systems, especially very large distributed systems, increases the difficulty of achieving performance objectives. A designer needs a high-level analytic tool to consistently compare the performance patterns of different replication techniques for a very large multi-tier replicated system. Analytic tools enable the designer to rapidly compute the relevant performance measures at an early stage of the design. This enables the designer to gain a competitive advantage by delivering his product in time, and at a lower cost. he Layered Queueing Network (LQN) is the formalism selected in this thesis, as it is designed for performance modeling of software and hardware systems with a multi-tier (layered) architecture. The Layered Queueing Network Solver (LQNS) is an analytic tool used for performance analysis. This thesis describes new analytic algorithms implemented in the LQNS to compute relevant performance measures for parallel and distributed systems with replication. The contributions of the thesis are as follows. First, replication performance patterns are identified and classified. Second, a general quorum pattern is incorporated in the LQN formalism to model and compute the performance measures of a replication model with a quorum consensus protocol. Third, the accuracy of the LQNS is improved by introducing new closed-form formulas for the thread delay distribution. The distribution is used to compute the service time of a client when the client has a quorum pattern. Finally, algorithms that exploit the symmetry in a system with replicated components are designed and implemented to hasten model solution time. Those replication components can contain internal parallelism. The results of this research are used to study the performance of an Air Traffic Control system and an Industrial Information Management system. The LQNS solutions for these large systems are rapid, and the accuracy of the solutions is adequate for most purposes during the early stage of system modeling.
LSA Based Classification of Advertising Spam Reviews

In this study, methods to classify advertising reviews from shopping mall reviews are suggested. Advertising reviews are mostly written by companies and contain advertising contents. There are a few studies regarding the classification of opinion spam documents, which is very rare in foreign studies; however, there are no studies that classify advertising reviews from Korean reviews. In this study, the Naive Bayes Classifier was used to classify review documents and the POS (Part-of-Speech)-Tagging and bigram methods were used to extract specific words. The frequency calculation methods for the probability value of specific words were: (1) The general number of appearances of words (2) the frequency calculation of specific words through the suggested Latent Semantic Analysis (LSA), and by recalculating the result from (1) in (2), the performances of each method were compared. As a result, the methods from (2) showed 88.43% accuracy which is 8.89% higher than 79.54% which was the previous result from using the POS-Tagging + Bigram method. Therefore, it was proved that the method suggested in this study is effective at classifying or extracting advertising reviews from Korean product review documents.
Heuristic evaluation for software visualisation: Usability evaluation materials

is a method of usability evaluation where an analyst finds usability problems by checking the user interface against a set of supplied heuristics or principles. Three new heuristics for software visualisations have been added to the set described in (Nielsen, 1994). A set of evaluation materials for these heuristics are presented, in particular: • A structured description of Heuristic Evaluation to ease learning and use; • A self assessed test to allow analysts to assess their understanding of Heuristic Evaluation; • A checklist of heuristics for use in the analysis; • Problem record sheets to record usability problems during analysis. Currently, these only record the usability problem predicted. In future, these could be modified to include recommended solutions to these problems (Jeffries, 1994); • A questionnaire to fill in after the analysis Acknowledgements Heuristic Evaluation was originally proposed by Nielsen and Molich (Nielsen and Molich, 1990). Three new heuristics have been added to the set described in (Nielsen, 1994). A structure has been applied to the heuristics and to the best of our intentions we have kept the original meanings of the individual heuristics. The structure and any unintended changes to the meanings remain the responsibility of the authors and not Jakob Nielsen.
Design of Cloud Storage Framework with Privacy-Preserving

An efficient and secure framework of cloud storage is proposed to support privacy security in cloud storage.The framework adopts a multi-tree structure for indexing,designs an extirpation -based key derivation algorithm(EKDA) for key management,and constructs a discrete logarithm-based search on encrypted keyword(DLSEK) for data sharing and ciphertext retrieval. The lazy revocation is combined into the framework to deal with the changes of users' access right and dynamic operations of data.Analyzing results for the effectiveness of EKDA,the performance of DLSEK and the privacy security of the framework show that EKDA can efficiently reduce the communication and storage overheads and that DLSEK is an encryption technique which supports ciphertext retrieval and is one-way security.The proposed framework is privacy-preserving while supporting data access efficiently.
Commentary on ‘A case study of high sea salt aerosol (SSA) concentrations as a hazard to aviation’ by Tony Tighe

Tighe (2015) reports a case study of sea salt accretion on the windscreen of an ATR 72 resulting in very low forward-facing visibility and a landing abortion at Cork Airport. This incident occurred on the night of 2 January 2014 at around 2300 UTC after the aircraft was ‘vectored on a left hand circuit’ above coastal waters at an altitude of about 900 m above mean sea level (amsl). Tighe indicated that this is the first time that sea salt aerosol (SSA) has been reported as a hazard to a commercial airliner, but flagged the case of the WP-3D research aircraft from the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) that experienced ‘multiple engine failures due to salt ingestion’ while flying at low altitude (2725 feet or 830 m amsl) and in strong wind conditions over the North Atlantic Ocean during the Ocean Winds Winter Experiment (Reid et al., 2007). Although Reid et al. focused on the impact of sea salt accretion on the engine failures, the original MISHAP report (available from http://www.lmd.jussieu.fr/∼obolmd/N42RF_mishap_ investigation_report_01-07.pdf) issued by NOAA indicates that shortly after the incident ‘the flight engineer shined his flashlight on the windscreen and observed that it was extremely dirty, to the point of obscuring vision’ and also mentions ‘very limited visibility through the windshield’ during taxiing after a safe landing. These two events therefore present similar cases of sea salt accretion on aircraft windscreens. In his analysis, Tighe discusses the meteorological situation that led to the Cork SSA hazard and recommends ‘the establishment of a collaborative project between experts in the fields of aerosol and numerical weather prediction (NWP) modelling with the objective of producing a guidance product for aviation meteorologists’. In that spirit, a first analysis of the aerosol situation on the night of 2 January 2014 is provided in this commentary using data from the Copernicus Atmosphere Monitoring Service (CAMS) and the extent to which this aerosol event was exceptional or not is discussed. The event is also compared briefly to that discussed in Reid et al. (2007). The European Centre for Medium Range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF) has operated a pre-operational service of aerosol forecast since 2008 (Hollingsworth et al., 2008) that has become
Doctoral Learning and Cognitive Apprenticeship: Technology Tools for Emerging Scholars

This chapter discusses the role of cloud technology tools in helping build mentoring relationships in online doctoral programs, drawing on examples and experiences observed in the author’s 15 years as a PhD dissertation chair. Ideas of cognitive apprenticeship and learning communities together provide a framework for identifying methods and skills that are helpful in the development of emerging scholars. The author describes the steps of modeling, coaching, scaffolding, articulation, reflection, and exploration in the context of helping doctoral learners through to completion. Practical implications of using cloud technologies such as web conferencing, folder and file sharing, scheduling tools, and learning management systems are discussed through examples. The author also considers online strategies for fostering of one on one mentoring relationships for doctoral research and writing, as well as establishing and maintaining communities of doctoral peer groups.
Utilidad de la tecnología de reconocimiento automático de expresión facial aplicada al análisis de conducta criminal. Un estudio de caso.

Con el presente estudio se trata de validar la incorporación del uso de las nuevas tecnologías, especializadas en el reconocimiento de la expresión facial, al ámbito del estudio de la conducta criminal. Fruto de la colaboración de dos mundos distintos pero totalmente complementarios como son el campo académico-investigador y el campo aplicado, surge la posibilidad de implementar el uso de un software de codificación facial que automatiza la discriminación de las denominadas unidades de acción en el rostro de las personas a un caso concreto seleccionado por la unidad policial encargada de realizar estudios de comportamiento no verbal en el ámbito de la Policía Nacional, la Sección de Análisis de Conducta (SAC). Tras la confrontación de los resultados extraídos por los analistas de la SAC frente a los resultados arrojados por el software de reconocimiento facial, se llega a la conclusión de que la misma puede servir de gran utilidad de cara a facilitar la tarea de discriminación, si bien dicho análisis final debe ser suplementando por la experiencia y la supervisión de los analistas asignados al caso, puesto que los mejores resultados finales se obtienen del trabajo combinado de ambos.
Computer Security Incident Handling Guide

ogy (NIST) promotes the U.S. economy and public welfare by providing technical leadership for the nation's measurement and standards infrastructure. ITL develops tests, test methods, reference data, proof of concept implementations, and technical analysis to advance the development and productive use of information technology. ITL's responsibilities include the development of technical, physical, administrative, and management standards and guidelines for the cost-effective security and privacy of sensitive unclassified information in Federal computer systems. This Special Publication 800-series reports on ITL's research, guidance, and outreach efforts in computer security and its collaborative activities with industry, government, and academic organizations. Certain commercial entities, equipment, or materials may be identified in this document in order to describe an experimental procedure or concept adequately. Such identification is not intended to imply recommendation or endorsement by the National Institute of Standards and Technology, nor is it intended to imply that the entities, materials, or equipment are necessarily the best available for the purpose. NIST is responsible for developing standards and guidelines, including minimum requirements, for providing adequate information security for all agency operations and assets, but such standards and guidelines shall not apply to national security systems. This guideline is consistent with the requirements of the Office of Management and Budget (OMB) Circular A-130, Section 8b(3), " Securing Agency Information Systems. " Nothing in this document should be taken to contradict standards and guidelines made mandatory and binding on Federal agencies by the Secretary of Commerce under statutory authority, nor should these guidelines be interpreted as altering or superseding the existing authorities of the Secretary of Commerce , Director of the OMB, or any other Federal official. This guideline should not be held as binding to law enforcement personnel relative to the investigation of criminal activity. Forward The Federal Information Security Management Act (FISMA) of 2002 mandates that federal agencies must establish incident response capabilities consistent with the guidelines and standards established by the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST). Pursuant to this mandate, NIST issued Special Publication 800-61 Computer Security Incident Handling Guide, which sets forth detailed technical, procedural and policy guidelines for federal agencies to implement a comprehensive incident response program, however the document did little to define the exact steps involved in the actual investigation and resolution of a given incident. In response to the high-level language of 800-61, in August of 2006, NIST published SP800-86 Guide to Integrating Forensic Techniques into …