Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Analysis of the correlation between spatial cognitive abilities and wayfinding decisions in 3D digital environments

ABSTRACT Although the effects of spatial abilities on behaviour have recently been a hot topic, wayfinding has received little attentions. Here, the reasons for route selection differences during wayfinding were studied from the perspective of individual competence. The mental rotation (A-MR), abstract reasoning (A-AR), visual short-term memory (A-VSTM), spatial perception (A-SP) and spatial orientation (A-SO) abilities of 52 college students were assessed, and their route selection behaviours were tested in homogeneous and heterogeneous three-dimensional virtual scenes. Finally, the relationships between five abilities and the lengths (R-L) and angles (R-A) of the selected routes were analysed and the R meants route here. The path complexity (weighted combination of R-L and R-A) was also fitted using a partial least-squares model with the five abilities. The A-MR and A-AR had obvious relationships with R-L and R-A, whereas A-SP showed little correlation. Moreover, the A-VSTM and A-SO had a significantly higher impact on route selection in the homogeneous spatial environment than in the heterogeneous one. Although the models passed the significance test, the fitting effect was not satisfactory. The routes were affected by many factors, and these five abilities could not fully explain the route selection behaviour of the individuals.
The State of aging and health in America 2007

The State of Aging and Health report consists of five sections. The first section of the report, The Health of Older Americans, presents data that illustrate changes that have taken place during the past two decades in several important measures of older Americans' health. Five key measures show trends in life expectancy, death rates, chronic disease, disability, and self-rated health status. The second and third sections present the national and state-by-state Report Card on Healthy Aging. The Report Card includes 10 indicators divided into three groups: • Health Behaviors • Preventive Care and Cancer Screening • Fall-Related Deaths and Injuries The Report Card grades the nation and the states based on targets set for the older population in Healthy People 2000, a national effort to improve health by establishing health targets and measuring progress (see Appendix, Table 5). The Report Card uses a " Pass " or " Fail " grading system based on whether the nation and states met, or failed to meet, a target. The fourth section of the report, Mental Health and Aging, presents challenges in treating mental illness among the elderly. The section focuses on the treatment of depression in later life, because most research on mental health services and the management of mental disorders relates to depressive disorders. The fifth section, Training the Health Care Workforce—Present and Future, focuses on the growing gap between older Americans' health care needs and the knowledge of health professionals who care for them. Executive Summary I The United States population over age 65 is projected to grow from 35 million in 2000 to 70 million in 2030. At that time, one in five Americans will be age 65 or older. institute of The Gerontological Society of America, are releasing this report to assess the health status of older Americans and make recommendations to improve older Americans' future physical and mental well-being. The most current data show that Americans, though living longer, are not necessarily living in better health during their senior years. Since 1990, healthy life expectancy (the number of healthy years after age 65) has remained at about 12 years—below the Healthy People 2000 target of 14 years for 2000. The good news is that the current gap between life span and healthy life span can be narrowed, and the primary responsibility rests with older adults. Seventy percent of the physical decline that occurs with aging is related …
Development, Optimization Characterization and In vitro study of Rosmarinic acid phytovesicles

There are many herbal extracts and Phyto-constituents having excellent bioactivity in vitro but less in vivo because of their poor solubility and improper size of the molecule or both, which result in poor absorption and bioavailability of herbal extract or constituents from herbal extract and they destroyed in the gastric fluids when taken orally. Phyto-vesicles is the novel emerging technique applied to phyto-pharmaceutical for the enhancement of bioavailability of herbal extract or plant phytoconstituents for medicinal applications. Rosmarinic acid (RA) has a number of interesting biological activities, e.g. anti-viral, antibacterial, anti-inflammatory and antioxidant. Despite its strong antioxidant activity and anti-inflammatory activity, it was limited to use in medicine because of the low water solubility, discolouration and chemical instability. Objective of the present study was to develop vesicular system for delivery of Rosmarinic acid to achieve enhanced topical bioavailability. Complex of Rosmarinic acid with phosphatidyl choline (PC) was prepared and characterized. Optimization is also performed to find out the best possible combination. The complex was further converted into vesicles (phyto-vesicles). This study is indicated that the optimize batch have highest entrapment efficacy and better drug release profile.
Transnational Actors and Transnational Governance in Global Environmental Politics

Transnational actors and transnational governance now form core elements of global environmental politics alongside intergovernmental diplomacy and institutions. This article explores how and under what conditions this transnationalism has arisen, as well as its implications for world politics. It considers what effects transnational actors and governance have had on political outcomes, their relation to states and intergovernmental institutions, and normative questions around their legitimacy and accountability. The critical role of transnational actors and institutions in environmental politics has made the field a laboratory for broader questions concerning the evolution of global governance in world politics more generally. As global environmental challenges continue to magnify and affect other spheres of political activity, understanding these dynamics will become increasingly important.
Retinal Circulation in Man and Animals

s on Military and Aviation Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Volumes I and II. By CoNRAD BERENS and L. BENJAMIN SHEPPARD. 1953. Pp. 539 and 245. Biological Sciences Foundation, Washington, D.C. These two volumes form a very useful summary of the literature on military and aviational ophthalmology, the first abstracting relevant papers and books from the sixteenth century until 1940 and the second summarizing the enormous amount of work published in the years 1941 to the end of 1945. The immense impetus given to the study of visual capacity owing to the increase in the speed and performance of aircraft, the growing complexity of the machines of war, and the increased strains put on the sensory apparatus, now stretched to the limits of its capacity and beyond in the attainment of supersonic speeds, account for the fact that the two volumes are about equal in size, though one covers fpur centuries and the other only five years. Each volume is divided into 93 sections comprising every aspect of ophthalmology which can be even remotely associated with military and aviational activities. The subjects include such diverse topics as physiological studies of the light sense and the colours sense, methods of testing vision and the various standards which have been proposed, and the influence of such factors as glare, fatigue, drugs, refractive errors, and muscular imbalance upon visual performance. Much space is given to theliterature concerned with visual environmental stresses such as high altitude, decompression, acceleration, and deceleration. Much of the available information on such topics is scattered and difficult of access, though much of it is of unusual importance and interest. The authors have done a great service in gathering it all together in a readily accessible form.
THU0468 Diagnostic experience of patients with fibromyalgia – a systematic synthesis of qualitative studies

Background In recent years, the evidence-based practice (EBP) movement has become embraced by clinicians and scientists world-wide. A guiding principle of the EBP is that the best evidence available should inform clinical practice. At the same time, patients' experiences should be taken into consideration in the clinical disicion-making. Over the years, the diagnosis of fibromyalgia (FM) has been subject to numerous debates among scientists and clinicians. Despite that a diagnosis may lead to a biographical disruption, be a starting point for patients to make sense of their illness, and shape expectations for the future, the diagnostic debates have not been appreciably informed by how patients themselves perceive the diagnosis. Objectives To examine how individuals experience the process and consequences of receiving a diagnosis of fibromyalgia Methods A systematic literature search of qualitative studies up to May 2016 was performed. A systematic search was carried out in Medline (n=562), PsychInfo (n=430), Cinahl, AMED (n=95), and Social Science Citation Index (n=486) up to May 2016, supplemented by items from the authors' knowledge of the literature. Duplicates, quantitative studies, studies addressing chronic pain with no specification of diagnosis or including patients with other diagnoses, editorials, reviews, conference reports and dissertations were excluded. After this reading 93 qualitative studies of patients' experience were read to identify whether they included information about patients' diagnostic experience. Twenty-six papers, one book and a book chapter were included. Information about diagnostic experiences were extracted and subjected to an interpretive analysis in accordance with principles of meta-ethnography. Results Years were normally spent consulting specialists in an attempt to confirm the reality of symptoms and make sense of the illness. In this process, the reality of the illness was questioned. Great relief was expressed at finally achieving the FMS diagnosis. However, relief waned when therapies proved ineffective. Health professionals and others again questioned whether individuals were genuinely ill, that the illness had a psychological nature, and whether they were doing their best to recover. For the patients, the diagnosis did not provide a meaningful explanation of their suffering and had limited power to legitimate illness. The patients felt blamed for their failure to recover which meant their personal credibility and moral identity were put at stake. Conclusions The FMS diagnosis has limitations in validating and making sense of patients' illness experiences and in providing social legitimation of their illness. Social relationships are strained during the diagnostic process and in the course of ineffective therapies. Disclosure of Interest None declared
Natural Origins of Human Consciousness

Science as a way of rational cognition solves the problem of creating an objective picture of the world. The methodological principles of the study allow scientists to formulate the basic laws of the development of the universe. But there are such objects of science for the study of which a special methodology is required. One of such complex objects of knowledge is human consciousness. The difficulty that scientists and philosophers encounter when studying it is that consciousness is the subject of its own knowledge. Human’s consciousness is not only the result of the evolution of nature, but also the main tool for knowing its laws. A human in the scientific picture of the world appears as the highest stage of the evolution, and the boundary between animals and man is the consciousness. But, it is possible that this boundary is conditional, and the consciousness and the entire spiritual life of a person have completely material, that is natural foundations. Our paper is devoted to the discussion of this topic. Keywords—philosophy, science, evolution, person, consciousness, nature.
University Education and Residential Trends in Iceland

This study focuses on the effect of university education on developments relating to people's choice of residence in Iceland. In order to gain answers to the research questions, secondary data were obtained from ofe cial sources, trade unions, the data bank of the Social Science Institute, University of Iceland, and by interviewing 20 nursing and business adminis- tration graduates in Akureyri and Reykjavok. The conclusions indicate that a university education strongly affects various aspects of regional development. Graduates from the Univer- sity of Iceland are a great deal likelier to settle in the area of the capital than graduates from the University of Akureyri, and vice versa. University education also has a notable ine uence on earnings, depending on the constituency in question, and a survey demonstrated that the origin of the persons interviewed and the residence of their parents were highly signie cant factors concerning the university they selected for study and their choice of residence after graduation. Furthermore, project work undertaken by the interviewees and their professional training during their course of study also had a considerable ine uence on their choice of employment after they had completed their studies. This is explorative research based on a restricted sample. The project provides important information, but the reader is warned against excessive generalisation based on the conclusions.
Creative autonomy in a simple interactive music system

ABSTRACT Can autonomous systems be musically creative without musical knowledge? Assumptions from interdisciplinary studies on self-reflection are evaluated using Video Interactive VST Orchestra, a system that generates music from audio and video inputs through an analysis of video motion and simultaneous sound processing. The system is able to generate material that is primary, novel and contextual. A case study provides evidence that these three simple features allow the system to identify musical salience in the material that it is generating, and for the system to act as an autonomous musical agent.
Dietary patterns and significance of nutrition for women with low-risk pregnancy

Objetivo: Avaliar o padrao alimentar e os significados que a alimentacao tem para gestantes. Metodos: Estudo transversal em oito unidades de saude de Fortaleza, Ceara, com 201 gestantes. Utilizou-se questionario socioeconomico e de saude, Teste de Associacao Livre de Palavras e Questionario de Frequencia Alimentar. Os padroes alimentares foram identificados pelo metodo de analise fatorial por componentes principais. Utilizou--se a regressao de Poisson, adotando-se nivel de significância de 5%. Resultados: Tres padroes alimentares foram identificados: brasileiro atual (feijao, arroz, carnes processadas, gorduras, paes refinados, massas, refrigerante, acucares e doces, biscoitos), saudavel (frutas e sucos de frutas, vegetais, cereais integrais, frutos do mar, laticinios) e denso em energia (salgados, pipoca, salgadinho, macarrao instantâneo, tuberculos e frango). As mulheres que nao receberam orientacao sobre alimentacao no pre-natal mostraram menor chance de aderir ao padrao brasileiro atual (RP=0.87), o que fez com que alimentos tipicos da dieta do brasileiro fossem pouco consumidos entre elas. Para a maioria das mulheres, o significado da alimentacao foi ser importante e saudavel, porem representar esses significados nao mostrou associacao com nenhum dos padroes alimentares identificados. No entanto, aquelas que nao perceberam a alimentacao como algo que deve ser saudavel apresentaram maior chance de adesao ao padrao denso em energia (RP=1.18), padrao que deve ser visto com cuidado, pois o ganho de peso excessivo pode repercutir negativamente na gravidez. Conclusao: As orientacoes alimentares no pre-natal e o modo como as gestantes percebem sua alimentacao podem influenciar nas escolhas alimentares na gravidez.
Development of a method of detection and classification of waste objects on a conveyor for a robotic sorting system

Currently used recycling technologies have limitations on the composition of recyclable waste, which makes them specialized. Thus, the preliminary sorting of municipal solid waste is a necessary step, increasing the efficiency of using municipal solid waste as a resource. To sort municipal solid waste we developed a method for detecting and classifying waste on a conveyor line using neural network image processing. Images from a camera are fed to a neural network input, which determines the position and type of detected objects. To train the neural network a database of more than 13,000 municipal solid waste images was created. Mean-Average Precision for the neural network model was 64%.
Rendimiento y calidad nutritiva del forraje en un sistema silvopastoril intensivo con Leucaena leucocephala y Megathyrsus maximus cv. Tanzania

Se determino el rendimiento y calidad del forraje en un sistema silvopastoril con Leucaena leucocephala cv . Cunningham (5000 arboles ha -1 ) asociado con Megathyrsus maximus cv . Tanzania, en cuatro intervalos de descanso (20, 30, 40 y 50 d), en dos epocas (lluvias y seca) en clima calido Subhumedo. Los tratamientos se distribuyeron aleatoriamente a las unidades experimentales (12 parcelas, 24 m 2 c/u) y se evaluo el rendimiento y calidad nutritiva del forraje en la epoca humeda (agosto-octubre, 2014) y seca (marzo-abril, 2015). La graminea aporto la mayor proporcion de forraje a la biomasa disponible (80 vs . 20%) y se produjo mas biomasa total a 50 dias en lluvias (5300 kg MS ha -1 ) y seca (1620 kg MS ha -1 ); en lluvias, la proteina cruda (PC) de los arboles aumento gradualmente a 22% (P 0.05); fibra detergente neutro (FDN) se mantuvo (44%) (P>0.05) y fibra detergente acido (FDA) aumento (25%) (P<0.05) a 50 dias, mientras digestibilidad in vitro de la materia seca (DIVMS) disminuyo (49%) (P<0.05). En la graminea, la PC (10%) (P<0.001) y DIVMS (58 %) se mantuvieron hasta 40 dias y despues declinaron (P<0.03), aunque FDN y FDA aumentaron significativamente a 50 dias, en ambas epocas. la asociacion L. leucocephala y M. maximus, alcanza su mayor produccion entre 40-50 dias, con mejor calidad nutritiva de la graminea a 40 dias, que se puede compensar con el valor nutritivo del follaje de los arboles hasta los 50 dias de descanso, independientemente de la epoca.
On investigations of thermal conductivity, circumferential compressive strength, and surface characterization of 3D-printed hybrid blended magnetostrictive PLA composite

In past two decades, the 3D printing of thermoplastic-based composite matrix has been widely explored for different engineering applications. But hitherto little has been reported on the preparation of polylactic acid (PLA) composite-based 3D-printed circular disc to ascertain its circumferential compressive strength, thermal conductivity, and morphological properties for possible structural engineering applications. The present investigation outlines the circumferential compressive strength, thermal conductivity, and morphological properties (Shore D hardness, surface voids using fractured surface analysis) of 3D-printed PLA composite matrix. Based upon the thermal conductivity test, it has been ascertained that sample printed on fused deposition modeling (FDM) setup with infill density of 100%, infill angle of 90°, and infill speed of 70 mm/s has shown maximum thermal conductivity (0.278 W/mK). Further it has been observed that with the increase in infill density, thermal conductivity of the sample has improved. Circumferential compressive testing has been performed on universal tensile testing machine setup (with in-house developed fixtures), and from printer setting optimization viewpoint, it has been ascertained that infill density has maximum contribution for peak and break strength. Further morphological studies (surface hardness, fractured surface analysis, and surface roughness (Ra) data) have supported the observed behavior of circumferential compressive strength and thermal conductivity of 3D-printed samples.
Plans that work: improving employment outcomes for young people with learning disabilities

This article offers a critical reflection on the function of education, health and care plans (EHCPs) in pathways to employment for disabled young people. We consider ? the education plan? as an artefact of special educational needs systems. We problematise the often taken-for-granted assumption that such plans are always and only a ? good? thing in the lives of disabled young people seeking pathways to employment. At the same time, we consider the rise in demand for plans that are understood by many as a crucial mechanism for achieving support. Following the recent policy reforms in England, we describe a context in which the funding of education is shrinking and in which the promise of employment for disabled young people has yet to be delivered. We conclude by proposing some changes to policy and practice to enhance employment opportunities for disabled young people.
Giant Asymmetric Transmission and Circular Dichroism with Angular Tunability in Chiral Terahertz Metamaterials

Inspired by the chiral structure from mode interaction, a chiral terahertz metamaterial and its complementary structure with the coexistence of asymmetric transmission and circular dichroism response are designed. The asymmetric transmission happens in the presence of electric and magnetic modes perpendicular to each other, resulting from intrinsic chirality under normal incidence. Circular dichroism exists in the presence of electric and magnetic modes parallel to each other under oblique incidence because of extrinsic chirality. Both asymmetric transmission and circular dichroism are enhanced by complementary structures, benefitting from the coupling between adjacent units. The maximum of chiral parameter κ can achieve 450, which is one hundred times higher than previously reported. The chiral response can be tuned by the incident angle and is sensitive to the environmental refractive index. The results highlight the potential applications of these metamaterials in chiral sensing and polarization transformation devices.
Effect of Smoking on Semen Quality of Infertile Men in Mosul City, Iraq

Objectives: It's known that cigarette smoking affects semen quality. The aim of the present study is to compare the semen of infertile cigarette smokers with infertile non-smokers as well as with healthy men to examine the impact of smoking on the quality of sperm. Methodology: A case-control study was applied in the present study. For the period of 1st January till the 1st April 2011. The semen quality of men with infertility, smokers (n 150) and nonsmokers (n100), were compared with (n 100) healthy- nonsmokers men. Conventional semen analysis was performed and sperm morphology was assessed by transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Smoker patients were classified as mild (1-10 cigarettes/d), moderate (10 -20 cigarettes/day), or heavy smokers (more 20 cigarettes/d). data was analyze through inferential statistics. Results: The study finding showed that sperm parameters quality in smoker men was approximately lower than nonsmoker men and the cigarette smoking and the dose has significant negative effect on sperm parameters. Conclusion: The results of the present study suggest that smoking negatively affects male fertility. Recommendation: Smokers should quit smoking for the sense of responsibility for their future generation as tobacco smoke contains numerous mutagenic substances.