Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The hemodynamic and adrenergic effects of perioperative dexmedetomidine infusion after vascular surgery.

UNLABELLED We tested dexmedetomidine, an alpha(2) agonist that decreases heart rate, blood pressure, and plasma norepinephrine concentration, for its ability to attenuate stress responses during emergence from anesthesia after major vascular operations. Patients scheduled for vascular surgery received either dexmedetomidine (n = 22) or placebo (n = 19) IV beginning 20 min before the induction of anesthesia and continuing until 48 h after the end of surgery. All patients received standardized anesthesia. Heart rate and arterial blood pressure were kept within predetermined limits by varying anesthetic level and using vasoactive medications. Heart rate, arterial blood pressure, and inhaled anesthetic concentration were monitored continuously; additional measurements included plasma and urine catecholamines. During emergence from anesthesia, heart rate was slower with dexmedetomidine (73 +/- 11 bpm) than placebo (83 +/- 20 bpm) (P = 0.006), and the percentage of time the heart rate was within the predetermined hemodynamic limits was more frequent with dexmedetomidine (P < 0.05). Plasma norepinephrine levels increased only in the placebo group and were significantly lower for the dexmedetomidine group during the immediate postoperative period (P = 0.0002). We conclude that dexmedetomidine attenuates increases in heart rate and plasma norepinephrine concentrations during emergence from anesthesia. IMPLICATIONS The alpha(2) agonist, dexmedetomidine, attenuates increases in heart rate and plasma norepinephrine concentrations during emergence from anesthesia in vascular surgery patients.
Low Relative Abundances of the Mucolytic Bacterium Akkermansia muciniphila and Bifidobacterium spp. in Feces of Children with Autism

ABSTRACT Gastrointestinal disturbance is frequently reported for individuals with autism. We used quantitative real-time PCR analysis to quantify fecal bacteria that could influence gastrointestinal health in children with and without autism. Lower relative abundances of Bifidobacteria species and the mucolytic bacterium Akkermansia muciniphila were found in children with autism, the latter suggesting mucus barrier changes.
Combinaison de méthodes de contrôle optimal pour l'évitement de collision dans le trafic aérien

Pour prevenir le risque de collision, le role du controle aerien est dassurer une distance minimale de separation entre tout couple d'avions. Cette derniere correspond a 1000 ft verticalement et 5 NM horizontalement ; on dit qu'il y a conflit si elle n'est pas respectee. Face a la densite croissante du trafic, differentes approches de detection et de resolution de conflits ont ete proposees. La plupart des travaux porte sur des deviations de trajectoire, a partir de changements en altitude et/ou en cap. Recemment, le projet Europeen ERASMUS met en avant la strategie de manoeuvre en vitesse. Bases sur de petites variations de vitesse, de nouveaux modeles, de type MILP ou MINLP, ont ete developpes. Nous nous focalisons egalement sur la regulation en vitesse, en proposant un modele de controle optimal. Une methode basee sur la combinaison de methodes directe et indirecte de controle optimal est developpee et validee numeriquement.
Changes in Intraocular Pressure After Descemet Stripping Automated Endothelial Keratoplasty: A Retrospective Analysis

Purpose: To analyze the occurrence of postoperative intraocular pressure (IOP) elevation and types of pressure-lowering treatment in patients after Descemet stripping automated endothelial keratoplasty (DSAEK) with and without previous diagnoses of glaucoma and/or pseudoexfoliation (PXF) syndrome. Methods: This retrospective assessment considered 211 consecutive DSAEK cases (176 patients) performed by 1 surgeon between January 2007 and November 2010 with at least 1-year follow-up. Salient patient characteristics, IOP, and type of antiglaucoma treatment registered in postoperative visits up to 36 months were extracted from medical records. IOP elevation and its association with glaucoma, PXF, and combination of the 2 were assessed using multivariate ordinal logit models. Results: Of 211 eyes, 97 eyes (45%) showed at least 1 increase in IOP >25 mm Hg after DSAEK. Of these 97 eyes, 17 eyes (17.5%) had a history of glaucoma alone, another 17 eyes (17.5%) had a history of glaucoma combined with PXF, 10 eyes (9.7%) had PXF alone, and 53 eyes (54.6%) were steroid responders only. To control IOP elevation, steroid reduction alone was performed in 6 eyes (6.2%) and IOP-lowering medication as the only measure was performed in 26 eyes (26.8%). In 46 eyes (47.4%), steroids were reduced in combination with IOP-lowering medication and 16 eyes (16.5%) required surgery. In 3 eyes (3.1%), no action was required. Presence of PXF (odds ratio, 1.71; 95% confidence interval, 0.62–2.81; P = 0.002) and PXF glaucoma (1.14; 95% confidence interval, 0.06–2.21; P = 0.038) required a more intensive IOP-lowering management than patients without PXF with IOP problems. Conclusions: Increased IOP is common after DSAEK, and a significant number of patients need IOP-lowering treatment. PXF syndrome and PXF glaucoma are risk factors for significant IOP elevation after DSAEK. In most cases, IOP remains controlled with conservative management, but some patients require glaucoma surgery.
An efficient first order sigma delta modulator design

An efficient first order sigma delta modulator has been designed in circuit level, considering the possible non-idealities in 65 nm CMOS technology. This study at first determines the non-idealities of sigma delta modulator. The non-idealities investigated here are clock jitter noise that effects the input signal and increases total error power; then the thermal noise of switches caused by the random fluctuation of carrier that increases the total noise power. Thereafter, circuit leakage causes the limited DC gain and affects signal to noise ratio. Moreover, limited slew rate and gain bandwidth of op-amp, which are both regarded as non-linear gain, reduce signal to noise sum distortion ratio. Based on optimum circuit simulation, the non-idealities are reduced by using folded cascode op-amp at integrator stage with DC gain of 65 dB, slew rate of 3.76 V/mus, and gain bandwidth with 40 MHz. Finally, a first order sigma delta modulator with 8 bit resolution, 64 oversampling ratio as well as power supply of plusmn2.5 V is successfully designed using PSPICE simulation tool, which can be implemented for practical usage.
A time-varying analysis method for rapid transitions in speech

A linear predictive coding (LPC) model based on time-dependent poles which has yielded promising results when applied to synthetic data is applied to real speech data. The data are processed pitch-synchronously using a simple procedure to identify regions of the data that best fit the model. The maximum-likelihood technique, which has been found to be robust in the presence of noise, is used to estimate the parameters. Resulting formant estimates for several diphthongs are presented. The algorithm tracks the formants well, both in stable regions and in regions of transition. This ability to track formant variation within analysis intervals is a definite advantage over traditional LPC. Results from speech data involving final stop consonants are presented. Rapid changes, particularly in the first and second formants, in the region immediately prior to the stop are detected. Such abrupt transitions are often not detected by traditional time-invariant methods. >
Maintaining usability during 3D placement despite delay

This paper describes an experimental investigation into the relationship of delay to user performance in 3D object placement. In the first experiment, 10 participants performed a placement task as delay and placement difficulty varied. Results were analyzed with statistical analyses of variance. Placement errors and times rose as delay and difficulty increased. An interaction indicated that controlling delay is particularly important when placement is already difficult. In vehicle control tasks, previewing forecasts required input, and is a useful way of compensating for delay. The second experiment examined the relationship of previewing to delay and difficulty in placement. With regard to delay and difficulty, the 15 participants replicated the first experiment's results. Previewing reduced placement times directly, and mitigated the effects of delay and difficulty. A three-way interaction indicated that when previewing is used, more delay can be tolerated even in difficult placement tasks.
Manipulation of photons in a cavity by dispersive atom-field coupling: Quantum-nondemolition measurements and generation of "Schrödinger cat" states.

A quantum-nondemolition method to measure the number of photons stored in a high-Q cavity, introduced by Brune et al. [Phys. Rev. Lett. 65, 976 (1990)], is described in detail. It is based on the detection of the dispersive phase shift produced by the field on the wave function of nonresonant atoms crossing the cavity. This shift can be measured by atomic interferometry, using the Ramsey separated-oscillatory-field method. The information acquired by detecting a sequence of atoms modifies the field step by step, until it eventually collapses into a Fock state. At the same time, the field phase undergoes a diffusive process as a result of the back action of the measurement on the photon-number conjugate variable. Once a Fock state has been generated, its evolution under weak perturbation can be continuously monitored, revealing quantum jumps between various photon numbers. When applied to an initial coherent field, the intermediate steps of the measuring sequence produce quantum superpositions of classical fields, known as ``Schr\"odinger cat states. '' Ways to prepare and detect these states in a cavity subjected to a weak relaxation process are discussed. The effects analyzed in this article could realistically be observed by using circular Rydberg atoms and very high-Q superconducting microwave cavities. The possibility of photon ``manipulation'' through nonresonant atom-field interactions opens a domain in cavity QED studies.
Detecting faults and channels while enhancing seismic structural and stratigraphic features

A 3D seismic image contains structural and stratigraphic features such as reflections, faults, and channels. When smoothing such an image, we want to enhance all of these features so that they are easier to interpret. Most smoothing methods aim to enhance reflections but may blur faults and channels in the image. A few methods smooth seismic reflections while preserving faults and channel boundaries. However, it has not well-discussed to smooth simultaneously along the seismic reflections and channels, which are linear features apparent within dipping reflections. In addition, to interpret faults and channels, extra steps are required to compute attributes or mappings of faults and channels from a seismic image. Such fault and channel attributes are often sensitive to noise because they are typically computed as discontinuities of seismic reflections. In this paper, we have developed methods to simultaneously enhance seismic reflections, faults, and channels while obtaining mappings of the faults and channels. In these methods, we first estimate the orientations of the reflections, faults, and channels directly in a seismic image. We then use the estimated orientations to control the smoothing directions in an efficient iterative diffusion scheme to smooth a seismic image along the reflections and channels. In this iterative scheme, we also efficiently compute mappings of faults and channels, which are used to control smoothing extents in the diffusion to stop smoothing across them. This diffusion scheme iteratively smooths a seismic image along reflections and channels while updating the mappings of faults and channels. By doing this, we will finally obtain an enhanced seismic image (with enhanced reflections and channels and sharpened faults) and cleaned mappings of faults and channels (discontinuities related to noise are cleaned up). We have examined the methods using 2D and 3D real seismic images.
Development of high-level streptomycin resistance affected by a plasmid in lactic streptococci

Some lactose-negative (Lac-) mutants of Streptococcus lactis C2 and ML3 exhibited development of very high level streptomycin resistance after incubation with subinhibitory concentrations of the drug for 18 to 22 h. These drug-resistant mutants showed no loss of resistance even after 6 months of subculturing in broth without any drug. The parental Lac+ strains did not show mutation to high-level streptomycin resistance. The Lac+ characteristic of the parental strain was conjugally transferred to Lac- derivatives of C2 and ML3, showing the ability to mutate to high-level resistance. When transconjugants were analyzed for this characteristic, they showed both mutable and nonmutable Lac+ types. The results suggested that genetic information for mutation to high-level streptomycin resistance in lactic streptococci resides on the chromosome, and its expression is affected by a plasmid. The plasmid profiles of strains C2, ML3, C2 Lac-, ML3 Lac-, and two kinds of transconjugants confirmed the presence of a plasmid of approximately 5.5 megadaltons in strains showing no mutation to high-level streptomycin resistance, while strains missing such a plasmid exhibited high-level streptomycin resistance after incubation with subinhibitory concentrations of the drug.
A single nucleotide polymorphism in CHAT influences response to acetylcholinesterase inhibitors in Alzheimer's disease

Background Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a devastating neurodegeneration with a characteristic deficit in cholinergic neurotransmission. Treatment with acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibitors aims to reverse this deficit and does ameliorate the decline in cognition in some AD patients, although response is variable. Objective To examine whether sequence variation in the gene encoding choline acetyltransferase (CHAT), which encodes the major catalytic enzyme of the cholinergic pathway, predicts response to AChE inhibitors. Methods Alzheimer's disease patients (121) were treated with cholinesterase inhibitors and the effect of treatment on cognition was measured using the Mini Mental State Examination (MMSE). Six polymorphisms in CHAT were analysed for association with change in MMSE score. Results After correction for multiple testing, we found one SNP, rs733722, in a promoter region of CHAT, is associated with response of AD patients to cholinesterase inhibitors (P=0.03) and accounts for 6% of the variance in response to AChE inhibitors. Conclusion Rs733722 represents a putative marker of response to AChE inhibitors in AD patients.
Perovskitas hexagonales de hierro: papel de la subred aniónica en la oxidación catalítica de CO

Los oxidos de los metales de transicion constituyen la base de un elevado numero de materiales funcionales que forman parte de las tecnologias de la informacion, el transporte y las comunicaciones. Sobre la base, bien establecida, de que ligeras variaciones en la composicion pueden originar modificaciones remarcables en una determinada propiedad funcional, conviene resaltar que la facilidad que poseen algunos tipos estructurales para promover la movilidad de los iones oxigeno y provocar deficiencia anionica constituye el origen para desarrollar nuevas estrategias que modifiquen o mejoren el comportamiento funcional de esos materiales. Esta posible migracion de iones que ofrecen los oxidos de los metales de transicion, adquiere especial relevancia en oxidos derivados del tipo estructural perovskita, y se esta explotando en sistemas que han alcanzado extraordinaria notoriedad en la sociedad del bienestar basados en la movilidad de los iones: los catalizadores y los conductores ionicos, que pueden modificar su concentracion de vacantes oxigeno afectando enormemente a sus propiedades. Los oxidos mixtos derivados del tipo estructural perovskita ABO3 constituyen una de las familias de materiales funcionales mas estudiadas en los ultimos anos debido a la gama de propiedades fisico-quimicas que ofrecen. Recientemente, oxidos de este tipo estructural han sido ampliamente utilizados como catalizadores en el proceso de eliminacion de oxidos contaminantes.
Prophylactic effects of tetramethyl pyrazine on mice with endotoxemia and its relationship with platelet-activating factor.

AIM To study the prophylactic effects of tetramethyl pyrazine (TMP) on mice with endotoxemia and its relationship with platelet-activating factor (PAF). METHODS LD80 of lipopolysaccharides (LPS, 15 mg.kg-1) was injected into mice (i.v.) pretreated with TMP (i.p.). The survival rate and the level of serum PAF were observed. The PAF induced by LPS in vivo and in vitro, and the activities of PLA2 and acetyl-CoA: lyso-PAF acetyltransferase were determined. RESULTS TMP (10, 30, 90 mg.kg-1) obviously lowered the mortality of mice and also dose-dependently decreased the level of serum PAF [(25.5 +/- 1.7), (13.4 +/- 3.2), (9.6 +/- 2.1) micrograms.L-1, vs control (29.3 +/- 2.1) micrograms.L-1, P < 0.01]. TMP (0.05, 0.5, 5, 50 mumol.L-1) dose-dependently decreased the release of PAF [(12.7 +/- 1.6), (8.9 +/- 1.2), (6.9 +/- 0.8), (5.5 +/- 1.0) micrograms.L-1 vs control (11.9 +/- 1.8) micrograms.L-1, P < 0.01] from PMO cultured with LPS (5 mg.L-1), reduced the PLA2 activity [(149.9 +/- 2.8), (117.5 +/- 2.0), (89.6 +/- 2.0), (75.0 +/- 2.8) U vs control (170.8 +/- 3.9) U, P < 0.01] and acetyl-CoA: lyso-PAF acetyltransferase activity [PAF (9.5 +/- 0.7), (5.2 +/- 0.7), (2.9 +/- 0.3), (2.5 +/- 0.3) micrograms.g-1 (protein). min-1 vs control (11.0 +/- 0.7) micrograms.g-1 (protein). min-1, P < 0.01] of PMO lysate. CONCLUSION TMP protected the mice with endotoxemia from the death by decreasing the biosynthesis of PAF through the inhibition of the activities of PLA2 and acetyl-CoA: lyso-PAF acetyl-transferase.
Auxotypes and serogroups of tetracycline-resistant Neisseria gonorrhoeae isolated in Malaysia

Between 1992 and 1994, 253 tetracycline-resistant Neisseria gonorrhoeae (TRNG) strains were isolated and characterized by auxotype and serogroup (A/S) classes to study TRNG prevalence in different years. TRNG accounted for 28.1, 42.5, and 51.9% of the strains isolated in 1992, 1993, and 1994, respectively, showing a significant increase in each successive year (chi square = 26.7, P < 0.001). There was no significant increase in penicillinase-producing TRNG, which accounted for 53.1, 53.8, and 63.2% of the TRNG isolates. The 253 TRNG isolates belonged to 53 A/S classes. Eighteen A/S classes not observed in 1992 were detected in 1993, and 11 A/S classes not observed in 1992 and 1993 were isolated in 1994, indicating dissemination of the tetracycline resistance gene among the N. gonorrhoeae strains in Malaysia. Its emergence and subsequent rapid spread are alarming. The plasmid is capable of self-transfer (S.A. Morse, S.R. Johnson, J.W. Biddle, and M.C. Roberts, J. Infect. Dis. 155:819-822, 1987), allowing further dissemination of tetracycline resistance.
Crystal structure of 2,2′-({[2-(tritylsulfanyl)benzyl]azanediyl}bis(ethane-2,1-diyl))bis(isoindoline-1,3-dione)

In the structure of the title compound, C46H37N3O4S, the planes of the two isoindoline units make a dihedral angle of 77.86 (3)°. The dihedral angles between the benzyl plane and the isoindoline units are 79.56 (4) and 3.74 (9)°. The geometry at the S atom shows a short [1.7748 (17) Å] S—Cbenzyl and a long [1.8820 (15) Å] S—Ctrityl bond and the C—S—C angle is 108.40 (7)°. N—C bond lengths around the azane N atom are in the range 1.454 (2)–1.463 (2) Å. he crystal packing exhibts two rather ‘non-classical’ C—H⋯O hydrogen bonds that result in stacking of the molecules along the a as well as the b axis and give rise to columnar sub-structures.
Relations entre le modèle d’image et le nombre de mesures pour une super-résolution fidèle

La super-resolution multi-image consiste a produire une image de haute resolution d’une scene a partir de plusieurs acquisitions de basse resolution. Le probleme inverse correspondant peut etre mal pose, il faut alors avoir recours a un modele de regularite sur le contenu de la scene pour produire une image de haute resolution realiste. Seulement, les erreurs de modelisation limitent la performance de telles methodes. En consequence, il est important de determiner les conditions dans lesquelles le probleme est bien pose afin d’eviter de regulariser lorsque cela est possible, et ainsi maximiser la fidelite de la super-resolution. On se pose donc les questions suivantes : Pour des bruits d’energie finie ou une contamination par des donnees aberrantes (de support fini), combien d’images permettent de produire une image de haute resolution fidele a la realite ? Comment maximiser la fidelite du resultat des methodes regularisees lorsque le nombre d’images est insuffisant ? Dans le cas d’un bruit de mesure, une etude du comportement asymptotique du conditionnement du systeme inverse valide la possibilite d’effectuer une super-resolution non regularisee lorsque le nombre d’images est suffisant. Par ailleurs, dans les cas proches du seuil critique d’inversibilite, qui sont les plus mal poses, nous proposons et validons un estimateur local du conditionnement qui nous permet de restreindre le plus possible le recours a une regularisation. Dans le cas de donnees aberrantes, nous utilisons l’equivalence entre le probleme de reconstruction parcimonieuse et la resistance aux donnees aberrantes pour demontrer des bornes de resistance aux donnees aberrantes du probleme de superresolution. Nous traitons aussi le cas de la regularisation et montrons les conditions sous lesquelles celle-ci permet d’ameliorer la robustesse du probleme. Tous ces resultats sont valides par des experiences.
American skullcap (Scutellaria lateriflora): an ancient remedy for today’s anxiety?

Anxiety is a common but potentially serious disorder as it can lead to somatic and social dysfunction. Orthodox anxiolytics are associated with unpleasant side-effects and dependency. American skullcap (Scutellaria lateriflora) is a popular herb in traditional medicine systems and the western materia medica for anxiety and related disorders. Preliminary clinical and in vitro research provides encouraging support for its potential as a safe, well-tolerated and effective alternative.
Multimode Entangled States in the Lossy Channel

In this work we analyse the structure of highly- entangled multimode squeezed states, such as those generated by broadband pulses undergoing type-II parametric down-conversion (PDC). Such down-conversion has previously been touted as a natural and efficient means of cluster-state generation, and therefore a viable future pathway to quantum computation. We first detail how broadband PDC processes lead directly to a series of orthogonal supermodes that are linear combinations of the original frequency modes. We then calculate the total squeezing of the multimode entangled states when they are assumed to be measured by an ideal homodyne detection in which all supermodes of the states are detected by an optimally shaped local oscillator (LO) pulse. For comparison, squeezing of the same entangled states are calculated when measured by a lower- complexity homodyne detection scheme that exploits an unshaped LO pulse. Such calculations illustrate the cost, in the context of squeezing, of moving from higher complexity (harder to implement) homodyne detection to lower-complexity (easier- to-implement) homodyne detection. Finally, by studying the degradation in squeezing of the supermodes under photonic loss, multimode entangled state evolution through an attenuation channel is determined. The results reported here push us towards a fuller understanding of the real-world transfer of cluster-states when they take the form of highly-entangled multimode states in frequency space.