Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
174 Hypertension January 2000 Part II

Ion channels in the plasma membrane of vascular muscle cells that form the walls of resistance arteries and arterioles play a central role in the regulation of vascular tone. Current evidence indicates that vascular smooth muscle cells express at least 4 different types of K 1 channels, 1 to 2 types of voltage-gated Ca 21 channels,$2 types of Cl 2 channels, store-operated Ca 1 (SOC) channels, and stretch-activated cation (SAC) channels in their plasma membranes, all of which may be involved in the regulation of vascular tone. Calcium influx through voltage-gated Ca , SOC, and SAC channels provides a major source of activator Ca 21 used by resistance arteries and arterioles. In addition, K 1 and Cl channels and the Ca 21 channels mentioned previously all are involved in the determination of the membrane potential of these cells. Membrane potential is a key variable that not only regulates Ca 12 influx through voltage-gated Ca channels, but also influences release of Ca 21 from internal stores and Ca sensitivity of the contractile apparatus. By controlling Ca delivery and membrane potential, ion channels are involved in all aspects of the generation and regulation of vascular tone. (Hypertension. 2000;35[part 2]:173-178.)
Short interspersed nuclear elements (SINEs) are abundant in Solanaceae and have a family-specific impact on gene structure and genome organization.

Short interspersed nuclear elements (SINEs) are highly abundant non-autonomous retrotransposons that are widespread in plants. They are short in size, non-coding, show high sequence diversity, and are therefore mostly not or not correctly annotated in plant genome sequences. Hence, comparative studies on genomic SINE populations are rare. To explore the structural organization and impact of SINEs, we comparatively investigated the genome sequences of the Solanaceae species potato (Solanum tuberosum), tomato (Solanum lycopersicum), wild tomato (Solanum pennellii), and two pepper cultivars (Capsicum annuum). Based on 8.5 Gbp sequence data, we annotated 82 983 SINE copies belonging to 10 families and subfamilies on a base pair level. Solanaceae SINEs are dispersed over all chromosomes with enrichments in distal regions. Depending on the genome assemblies and gene predictions, 30% of all SINE copies are associated with genes, particularly frequent in introns and untranslated regions (UTRs). The close association with genes is family specific. More than 10% of all genes annotated in the Solanaceae species investigated contain at least one SINE insertion, and we found genes harbouring up to 16 SINE copies. We demonstrate the involvement of SINEs in gene and genome evolution including the donation of splice sites, start and stop codons and exons to genes, enlargement of introns and UTRs, generation of tandem-like duplications and transduction of adjacent sequence regions.
Preconditioning in oronary Heart Disease : Therapeutic Golden Fleece ?

reconditioning is the process by which brief, repetitive pisodes of ischemia reduce the size of a subsequent yocardial infarction. Since the discovery of ischemic preonditioning by Murry et al. (1) almost two decades ago, housands of studies have pursued its mechanism(s) and ought therapeutic realization of this unique adaptive reponse to a physiologic stress. Although mechanistic undertanding has progressed, translation into clinical utility has een elusive. Indeed, the pursuit of this goal has been akin o a modern version of Jason’s quest for the Golden Fleece.
Zinc oxide nanoplates for ultraviolet radiation detection

An ultraviolet photosensor based on ZnO nanoplates has been successfully fabricated. ZnO nanoplates was synthesized by sonochemical method and coated on Cu interdigitated electrodes. The method is simple, rapid and applicable to research prototypes for further studies of ZnO nanoplates for nano-device applications. The current-voltage (I–V) characteristics show linear behavior and the photosensor exhibits a response of ∼803mA/W for UV light under 15 V bias. Compared to other nano detectors, the fabricated detector shows fast photo response with a rise time of 150 ms and fall time of 50 ms compared to the other nanomaterial based photosensors.
Recovery of erectile function in aging hypertensive and normotensive rats using exercise and caloric restriction.

INTRODUCTION Using aging spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR), we established that antihypertensive drugs can improve erections and penile vascular structure, and lower arterial pressure. Using kidney cross-transplantations, our findings revealed that the benefit of this treatment resulted from drug-induced changes specific to the penile circulation, and not to the kidney-mediated lowering of pressure. AIM The objective of the present study was to determine whether increased exercise and/or caloric restriction (CR) can reverse the decline in sexual responses in aging hypertensive and normotensive rats. METHODS From 30 to 40 weeks, food intake was restricted (10-40%), and SHR, Wistar, and Sprague-Dawley rats ran on treadmills (30 minutes/day, 5 days/week). Exercise was withdrawn at 40 weeks, and CR was stopped at 50 weeks. Using a separate group of older Wistars (56 weeks) and Sprague-Dawley rats (67 weeks), the effects of 10% CR or exercise plus 10-40% CR on erectile function were determined. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE Apomorphine-induced erectile responses and body weight were monitored weekly. RESULTS An age-related decline in erections was seen from 15 to 29 weeks of age in all strains. This decline paralleled increases in body weight, particularly in the normotensive strains. Exercise and CR induced a 10% weight loss in normotensive rats and improved erections in all animals. In SHR, increased erections occurred without decreasing body weight. Body weight and erectile responses were maintained by CR alone after exercise was withdrawn, but erectile function rapidly declined soon after CR was stopped and paralleled increases in body weight. In aged Wistar and Sprague-Dawley rats treated with exercise and CR, erectile function was also significantly improved. CONCLUSIONS Similar to previous studies, erectile function progressively decreased with age in both hypertensive and normotensive rats. Erectile responses were found to be substantially improved by an intervention involving exercise and CR, but not necessarily involving weight loss.
Content Analysis of Nearby Enrollment Policy in China since the Reform and Opening up

In the 30-year research of nearby enrollment policy,the content analysis hasn't been given due attention,although the content analysis of education policies is the starting point of educational policy analysis. Since the reform and opening up,the documents of educational laws and the documents of educational policies have prescribed who actualizes the nearby enrollment policy and for whom it is actualized,why and how we actualize it,and what we should do to safeguard it. An analysis of these regulations by utilizing three important components in the regulations of law-hypothesis,treatment,punishment and three factors in the regulations of policy-aim,object,measure has revealed that the nearby enrollment policy in the legal regulations puts the emphasis on the treatment but does not pay enough attention to the hypothesis and punishment,while the nearby enrollment policy in the regulations of policy shows the following problems:the aims of policy are not stable enough; the objects of policy are not comprehensive enough; the measures of policy are not uniform or appropriate enough. We should settle these problems both in the regulations of law and policy in order to perfect the content of nearby enrollment policy of our country.
Evaluation of the Capilia TB Assay for Culture Confirmation of Mycobacterium tuberculosis Infections in Zambia and South Africa

ABSTRACT The performance and cost of the Capilia TB assay were evaluated for use in a resource-limited setting. The sensitivity and specificity were 99.6% and 99.5%, respectively. The incremental costs of the Capilia test were estimated to be $1.46 and $1.84 when the test was added to liquid and solid culture processes, respectively. These findings suggest that the Capilia TB assay represents a rapid, simple, and inexpensive Mycobacterium tuberculosis identification test that can be used in resource-limited settings.
UAV online path planning algorithm in a low altitude dangerous environment

UAV online path-planning in a low altitude dangerous environment with dense obstacles, static threats (STs) and dynamic threats (DTs), is a complicated, dynamic, uncertain and real-time problem. We propose a novel method to solve the problem to get a feasible and safe path. Firstly STs are modeled based on intuitionistic fuzzy set (IFS) to express the uncertainties in STs. The methods for ST assessment and synthesizing are presented. A reachability set (RS) estimator of DT is developed based on rapidly-exploring random tree (RRT) to predict the threat of DT. Secondly a subgoal selector is proposed and integrated into the planning system to decrease the cost of planning, accelerate the path searching and reduce threats on a path. Receding horizon (RH) is introduced to solve the online path planning problem in a dynamic and partially unknown environment. A local path planner is constructed by improving dynamic domain rapidly-exploring random tree (DDRRT) to deal with complex obstacles. RRT* is embedded into the planner to optimize paths. The results of Monte Carlo simulation comparing the traditional methods prove that our algorithm behaves well on online path planning with high successful penetration probability.
Progress in n.m.r. zeugmatography imaging.

Applications of nuclear magnetic resonance (n.m.r.) zeugmatographic imaging to medical diagnosis and to medical, physiological, and biological research require the development of appropriate imaging instrumentation and ancillary techniques, as well as an understanding of the biological significance of the imaging results. A whole body imaging system, relying primarily upon reconstruction from projections, is under development in the expectation that the reconstruction approach will be the most practical one for many purposes. In addition, injectable magnetic reagents that can selectively change tissue water relaxation times and image contrast are under development so as to increase the specificity and versatility of the measurements. If very high magnetic fields are employed, 31P n.m. r. zeugmatography may be practical at very low resolution for human diagnostic studies and for experiments on perfused organs and small animals. Preliminary images, showing the spatial distributions of different phosphorus metabolites in the compartments of test objects, have been obtained at 146 MHz by reconstruction techniques.
Stress distribution on the femoral head at different anteversion angle: A finite element analysis

The purpose was to establish a human femur finite element model for the phenomenon of total hip arthroplasty prosthesis loosening. It compared and analyzed the stress distributions according to different anteversion angles on the femoral head in the case of one single-foot standing. It provided biomechanical basis for clinical hip disorders' treatment and rehabilitation. As a result, In single-foot standing state, the trend on the femoral stress distribution of the three group model (anteversion were 0 ° 10 ° 20 °) were the same. The stress on the femoral head at a normal anteversion angle 10 ° was the minimum. When the anteversion angles deviated from this value, the femoral head stress increased significantly.
Physical therapies for prevention of urinary and faecal incontinence in adults.

BACKGROUND Physical therapies, particularly pelvic floor muscle training, have been recommended for prevention of incontinence associated with childbearing, and prostate surgery. OBJECTIVES To assess the effectiveness of physical therapies in preventing incontinence in adults. SEARCH STRATEGY The Cochrane Incontinence Group trials register was searched to September 2001. Trials were also sought from the Reference Lists of relevant articles and from experts in the field. SELECTION CRITERIA Randomised and quasi-randomised trials in adults without incontinence symptoms that compared a physical therapy with no treatment, or any other treatment to prevent incontinence. DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS Two reviewers independently assessed eligibility, trial quality and extracted data. Data were processed as described in the Cochrane Collaboration Handbook. MAIN RESULTS Two trials in men (155 men) and 13 trials in women (4661 women) were included. As most trials recruited regardless of continence status, and there was much heterogeneity, only a qualitative synthesis was undertaken. Three of seven trials in childbearing women reported less urinary incontinence after pelvic floor muscle training compared to control treatment three months postpartum. Two trials selected women at higher risk of postnatal incontinence. The third used an intensive training programme. Four trials did not find any difference between the groups at the primary endpoint. Two trials compared pre-prostate surgery pelvic floor muscle training with control treatment, and no difference in the occurrence of postoperative urinary incontinence was reported between the groups. REVIEWER'S CONCLUSIONS There is insufficient evidence to determine whether physical therapies can prevent incontinence in childbearing women, or men following prostate surgery. Further, better quality research is needed.
An Ultra-Low-Voltage Low-Power Current-Mode True RMS-to-DC Converter

A current-mode CMOS true RMS-to-DC (RMS: root-mean-square) converter with very low voltage and low power is proposed in this paper. The design techniques are based on the implicit computation and translinear principle by using CMOS transistors that operate in the weak inversion region. The circuit can operate for two-quadrant input current with wide input dynamic range (0.4–500nA) with an error of less than 1%. Furthermore, its features are very low supply voltage (0.8V), very low power consumption (<0.2nW) and low circuit complexity that is suitable for integrated circuits (ICs). The proposed circuit is designed using standard 0. 18μm CMOS technology and the HSPICE simulation results show the high performance of the circuit and confirm the validity of the proposed design technique.
Inequalities for differentiable reproducing kernels and an application to positive integral operators

Let be an interval and let be a reproducing kernel on. We show that if is in the appropriate differentiability class, it satisfies a 2-parameter family of inequalities of which the diagonal dominance inequality for reproducing kernels is the 0th order case. We provide an application to integral operators: if is a positive definite kernel on (possibly unbounded) with differentiability class and satisfies an extra integrability condition, we show that eigenfunctions are and provide a bound for its Sobolev norm. This bound is shown to be optimal.
From Crowd to Community: A Survey of Online Community Features in Citizen Science Projects

Online citizen science projects have been increasingly used in a variety of disciplines and contexts to enable large-scale scientific research. The successes of such projects have encouraged the development of customisable platforms to enable anyone to run their own citizen science project. However, the process of designing and building a citizen science project remains complex, with projects requiring both human computation and social aspects to sustain user motivation and achieve project goals. In this paper, we conduct a systematic survey of 48 citizen science projects to identify common features and functionality. Supported by online community literature, we use structured walkthroughs to identify different mechanisms used to encourage volunteer contributions across four dimensions: task visibility, goals, feedback, and rewards. Our findings contribute to the ongoing discussion on citizen science design and the relationship between community and microtask design for achieving successful outcomes.
Simulation of Seasonally Frozen Soil Freezing-Thawing Processes and the Spatial Distribution of Active Layer Depths Based on Modis Data in the Three-River Source Region, China

The processes of soil freezing-thawing lead to soil water and heat movement in cold regions, which significantly influences the hydrological and energy cycles in the soil-plantatmosphere system. This research presented a soil water content coupled with heat transfer model based on physical processes of water and heat movement in frozen soil. The model was calibrated and validated using the measured data of soil temperature and active soil depths at 19 stations in and around the Three-River Source Region of China. The results showed that the frozen soil model capture the processes of soil freezing-thawing well at this region. The relationship between model parameters and climate and vegetation factors was analyzed using the observation data and remote sensing data obtained by MODIS, and results showed that the model parameter c has a better correlation with longitude and vegetation coverage. A multi-regression model was established to estimate the model parameters in regions without observation data and its determination coefficient R2 was 0.82. The mean relative error between calibration and inversion parameters of 19 stations is 6.29%. Thus, the proposed method can be applied to cold regions without observation data to obtain the parameters and simulated the soil freezing-thawing processes.
A COMPARATIVE STUDY OF THE MICROBIAL ANTI‐ADHERENCE CAPACITIES OF THREE ANTIMICROBIAL AGENTS

The antimicrobioal agents, taurolidine, chlorhexidine and povidone‐iodine were examined for microbial anti‐adherence activity. Two adherence systems were investigated using light microscopic and radio‐isotopic assay methods: that of an oral isolate of Candida albicans to human buccal epithelial cells and of a urine isolate of Escherichia coli to human uroepithelial cells. Each of the three agents exhibited significant anti‐adherence activity which was concentration dependent. The activity was expressed at sub‐minimum inhibitory concentrations of the agents. Treatment of either the microbial or epithelial cells resulted in significant reductions in adhering micro‐organisms. Consideration of the data in respect of the skewness coefficient and percentage clear epithelial cells indicated that the agents exhibited a broadly based anti‐adherence capacity.
No association between polymorphism in tyrosine hydroxylase and personality traits in healthy Japanese subjects

The aim of the present study was to investigate whether there is an association between the (TCAT)n repeat polymorphism in the tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) gene and personality. The (TCAT)n repeat polymorphism in the TH gene was genotyped in 898 healthy Japanese subjects. Personality traits were evaluated using the Temperament and Character Inventory (TCI). There was no significant difference in the TCI scores of subjects with and without the T9 allele. Furthermore, no significant association was found between each genotype and the TCI scores, even when the TCI scores were compared with the homozygous genotype. These findings suggest that the (TCAT)n repeat polymorphism in the TH gene does not contribute to the personality traits evaluated on the TCI in healthy Japanese subjects.
Epidemiologic evidence for health benefits from improved water and sanitation in developing countries.

L'amelioration de l'eau et de l'hygiene a des impacts benefiques sur la sante, notamment des enfants. Ces impacts dependent du type d'intervention, du degre d'exposition aux germes pathogenes dans la region et de la presence ou non de certains facteurs de risque
The Effects of Actual Human Size Display and Stereoscopic Presentation on Users' Sense of Being Together with and of Psychological Immersion in a Virtual Character

This study examined the role of display size and mode in increasing users' sense of being together with and of their psychological immersion in a virtual character. Using a high-resolution three-dimensional virtual character, this study employed a 2×2 (stereoscopic mode vs. monoscopic mode×actual human size vs. small size display) factorial design in an experiment with 144 participants randomly assigned to each condition. Findings showed that stereoscopic mode had a significant effect on both users' sense of being together and psychological immersion. However, display size affected only the sense of being together. Furthermore, display size was not found to moderate the effect of stereoscopic mode.
Soft Tissue Sarcoma Integration of Brachytherapy, Resection, and External Irradiation

Between December 1981 and August 1988, 63 patients with clinically localized nonretroperitoneal soft tissue sarcomas underwent 65 brachytherapy procedures in conjunction with conservative resection with (61 tumors) or without (four tumors) external beam irradiation. Implant doses of 1500 to 2000 cGy were combined with 4500 to 5000 cGy of external irradiation. External irradiation was given preoperatively for larger lesions near bone or neurovascular structures, whereas it was used postoperatively for smaller, more resectable lesions or those that had previously been inadequately excised. There were 47 high‐grade tumors, 34 tumors > 5 cm, and nine patients with recurrent lesions (five with previous irradiation). With mean follow‐up of 20 months, conclusions on local control are tentative, but only two of 56 tumors (4%) with brachytherapy as part of initial management had recurred locally and three of nine recurrent tumors had re‐recurred locally. Only one of five local recurrences was within the implanted volume. Only two of 40 implantations (5%) performed at initial resection followed by postoperative external irradiation led to wound complications, whereas four of 16 implantations (25%) performed at resection after preoperative external irradiation were associated with wound problems. This technique does not increase local morbidity and may enhance local tumor control in comparison with either external radiation or brachytherapy alone as an adjuvant to conservative resection.
Sex differences in the LH responses to chicken LHRH-I and -II in the domestic fowl.

Maximal incremental changes in plasma LH were compared in adult hens and cockerels after i.v. injection of chicken (c) LHRH-I (pGlu1-His2-Trp3-Ser4-Tyr5-Gly6-Leu7-Gln8-Pro9-Gly10-N H2) or cLHRH-II (pGlu1-His2-Trp3-Ser4-His5-Gly6-Trp7-Tyr8-Pro9-G ly10-NH2). The LH response to cLHRH-I and -II was more rapid and greater in cockerels than in hens. The potencies of the two decapeptides were the same in cockerels but different in hens. Relative to cLHRH-I, the potency of cLHRH-II was 0.91 (0.6-1.2; 95% confidence limits) in cockerels and 36.5 (16.8-128.6) in hens. The greater potency of cLHRH-II relative to cLHRH-I in the hen than in the cockerel could not be accounted for by sex differences in the half-lives of the decapeptides in the peripheral circulation. The half-lives of both decapeptides in hens and cockerels ranged between 2.42 and 3.77 min. It is concluded that the interaction between LHRH-I and -II and the gonadotrophs is sexually differentiated in the domestic fowl. A new homologous radioimmunoassay was established for cLH. As in other chicken LH radioimmunoassays, there was evidence of cross-reactivity with TSH.