Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Actual-ideal discrepancies and sociotropy : vulnerability markers for depression

This study examined the role of selfdiscrepancies and sociotropy as vulnerability markers in clinical depression. Clinically depressed subjects a = 20), remitted subjects a = 20), and never-before depressed controls (B = 20) were compared. Analysis of variance indicated that depressed and remitted prhcipants exhibited significantly higher levels of sociotropy than control subjects. Remitted and depressed subjects were not significantly different on this variable. Depressed participants also h b i t e d significantly hlgher levels of actual-ideal discrepancies than both remilted subjects and controls. Remitted subjects, however, &d not exhibit significantly higher levels of actual-ideal discrepancies than controls. Analysis of covariance indicated that, when depressed mood was controlled for, depressed and remitted subjects did not exhibit significantly higher levels of sociotropy and actual-ideal discrepancies than controls. Finally, sociotropy and actual-ideal dwrepancies were hypothesized to predict hstory of depression. Regression analysis indicated that h s prediction was not supported by the results. This study provides partial support regardmg the ability of sociotropy and actual-ideal discrepancies to distinguish between individuals who are vulnerable to depression and those who are
Local trajectory parameters estimation and detection of moving targets in Rayleigh noise

Moving targets detection and estimation of their trajectory parameters are the tasks of secondary stage of radar signal processing. Classical approaches to tracking and detection of moving low-snr (signal-to-noise ratio, SNR) targets are based on multi-survey analysis of radar data with thresholding procedure applied to it. In the case of rapid target detection tasks, it is necessary to reduce the number of surveys before decision about target presence can be made. Such rapid targets may produce on a radar image a few samples instead of one. In this case energy backscattered from the target is distributed along the entire trajectory, forming a track. This “blurring” effect causes the decreasing of SNR. For low-snr targets the threshold must be low (or even should be absent at all) to allow sufficient probability of target detection. A low threshold also gives a high rate of false detections which cause the tracker to form false tracks. In this case information about target trajectory may be very useful to provide an opportunity to integrate all backscattered from the target power along the entire trajectory. The commonly used group of algorithms working with raw unthresholded data to estimate target state is known in literature as the track-beforedetect (TBD) [1]. These methods are used when classical thresholding approaches are not suitable for tracking and detecting targets due to low SNR, typically stealthy military aircraft and cruise missiles, for which thresholding has an undesirable effect of disregarding potentially useful data [2]. Sensor image is often a highly nonlinear function of the target state (which describes kinematic and power parameters of the target). There are The problem of detection of moving targets and estimation of local trajectory parameters based on the analysis of sensor data in the form of two-dimensional image is considered. In accordance with the target and sensor models, probability distribution of noise at the output of the detector is Rayleigh distribution, while probability distribution of signal is Rice distribution. Two trajectory parameters estimation techniques are considered: ordinary least squares and Hough transform. A detection stage based on the integration of an input signal along estimated trajectory is proposed. Statistical modeling was performed and detection characteristics were obtained.
Telecommuting and travel: a literature review comparison

Sharing linked to the notion of teleworking, telecommuting is referred to as work arrangements where traditional workplace and the needs of physical travel are substituted by a remote workplace and telecommunications technologies. Surprisingly as it may seem, for an idea that has attracted so much interest and curiosity, there is no simple agreed definition. Most authors, researchers and even policy makers who claim to be concerned with the future of work have used the term without defining it precisely. Understanding the previous, present and to date research studies on travel in terms of factors that influence such phenomenon as well as response to changes in circumstances that matters are an important component in assessing and projecting future travel-related issues and matters. Defined as 'trip or multi-trips made from origin to destination' or 'moving any distance by any means of transportation', travel whether in the form of vehicle mode or non-vehicle mode, has always been part of human daily activity. This paper attempted to draw some conclusion with regard to impacts of telecommunications on travel in terms of the length of the trips made as well as the quantity of the trips made.
Development of Pupil Detection in Eye Movement with Raspberry Pi

Human Computer Interaction (HCI) is an evolving technology. Eye movement is one of the method of HCI that plays an important role for disease identification and retail advertising effectiveness. Current system has types of movements that can be classified to fixation, rotation and drift, which based on electronic, mechanical or optical or video based movements. Moreover, the eye is authentic and moves faster than input media. In fact, no training is required for normal users. However, the equipment is still expensive. Therefore, a cost effective prototype of pupil detection for eye movement is proposed. This paper introduced a development of pupil detection using fixation length of distance with video based eye movements using Raspberry Pi and web camera. The implementation of software and hardware installations are using Haar Cascade Technique. The system detects the movement of eye and capture the image of pupil using a webcam. Later, the image of pupil is compared at the matching process using String Array Concatenation on Raspberry Pi. The impact of this study is to provide a lower cost device for pupil detection in eye movement for human computer interaction system.
A Local Search Technique for Solving a Delivery Problem of Fuel Products

This paper addresses on a delivery problem of fuel products, i.e., gasoline, kerosene, and diesel oil, from a supply point to a number of destination points. The delivery is performed using tankers having some compartments. Each compartment is dedicated to a certain fuel product type. A solution of the problem is to determine a tanker’s routing plan for delivering the fuel products in order to fulfill the objective functions with the following priority order: minimizing number of tankers, minimizing total completion time, and minimizing range of tour completion time. The routing problem discussed in this paper is considered as a variant of vehicle routing problems (VRPs) which has the following characteristics: split delivery, multiple routes (multiple trips), and multiple products and compartments. A local search technique is proposed as a solution technique for the problem. The local search technique consists of mechanisms for generating an initial solution and searching candidate solutions. The initial solution is generated using a sequential insertion algorithm. In the searching mechanism, relocation and exchange operators are used to generate candidate solutions. The solution technique is applied in a numerical example of the fuel delivery problem.
The Relationship between Core Resources and Strategies of Firms: The Case of Sri Lankan Value-Added Tea Producers

Even though the strategy and resource-based views separately argue that superior performance is influenced by strategies and resources of firms, this study argues that there can be an indirect relationship between the core resources and strategies of firms. The strength of this relationship was examined based on a set of data gathered from a group of value-added tea producers in Sri Lanka. The cannonical analysis revealed a significant relationship between strategy and resource patterns; however, resource patterns explained only 21 per cent of the variance of the strategy patterns. This indicated that the Sri Lankan value-added tea producing firms' choice of, and ability to perform a particular strategy are weakly associated with their core resource strength.
Study of radiative and kinetic properties of femtosecond laser ablated brass plasma by optical emission spectroscopy

Femtosecond laser induced plasma (LIP) in brass was characterized by optical emission spectroscopy (OES). The LIP spectra is dominated by emission from excited neutral species of Cu and Zn. The ionic emission lines are found to decay more rapidly compared to the atomic emission lines. Time resolved OES studies on the expanding plasma plume have provided some insight into probable excitation pathways and the temporal behavior of the excited species. Further assuming local thermodynamic equilibrium (LTE), the fs-LIP source was characterized for excitation temperature and electron number densities by using the Boltzmann plot method and the width of Stark broadened line profiles respectively. The influence of laser fluence on excitation temperature and electron density was also investigated. The emission intensities exhibit two ablation regimes corresponding to ablation dominated by optical penetration depth at low fluence and by electron thermal diffusion length at higher fluence. Comparative studies on the behavior of copper emission lines from both pure copper and brass samples suggest that femtosecond laser pulses might mitigate the matrix effect in the ablation process.
Is the CNB Predictable

This paper asks to what extent were the last one hundred policy decisions taken by the Czech National Bank (CNB) considered predictable by the market. The results are threefold. First, CNB policy decisions can be considered as predictable on average. Second, policy predictability followed no clear trend. Third, the analysis shows that it was more difficult for the market to predict policy outcomes regarding CNB Board meetings where interest rate were changed compared with meetings where repo rate were not changed.
Targeted yield precision model assessment for rice-rice crop sequences in Farmers' Fields in Humid, Sub-tropical Northeastern India

On-farm trials were conducted based on an autumn rice-winter rice crop sequence in 21 farmers, fields from 2012-2014 in humid, sub-tropical northeastern India i) to verify the suitability of the formulated appropriate site-specific target yield-based fertilizer prescription models over available technology and ii) to analyze the economics of the adoption of these models to enhance the productivity and profitability of rice-rice crop sequences. The results revealed that treatments based on the targeted yield precision model with and without integrated plant nutrient supply (IPNS) components ensured higher grain yield, additional yield gains and additional net profits over the farmers, practice and conventional fertilizer recommendations. The achievements of the prefixed targets were >100% in autumn rice and 96 to 106% in winter rice. The IPNS treatments guaranteed better a benefit: cost ratio (1.7 to 2.3) vis-a-vis without IPNS. The targeted yield precision model for fertilizer recommendations was more precise to achieve the targeted yields, which additionally led to higher profits. The targeted yield approach was effective up to 4.0 and 5.0 tons ha−1 yield targets without IPNS in autumn rice and with IPNS in winter rice, respectively, in humid sub-tropical northeastern India.
Development of an implementation-centric energy-evaluation framework for MIPS-I pipelines

An RTL-based energy evaluation framework dubbed CREEP (Chalmers Energy Evaluation framework for Pipelines) is implemented and evaluated. The framework consists of pipeline RTL and the architectural simulator SimpleScalar. Power estimates are extracted from the RTL and combined with performance counters generated by SimpleScalar. The combination lends SimpleScalar accurate energy estimates otherwise reserved to low level circuit analysis. The framework has been used to characterize several different embedded processor configurations. Additionally, a case study of the framework was used to implement and evaluate a speculative way-halting technique called SHA which pointed to a 25.6% energy reduction in a conventional four-way data cache.
Small businesses and the environment: turning over a new leaf?

Previous studies on the environmental practices of small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) in the UK and beyond have portrayed owner-managers as laggards who underplay their firm's environmental impacts and resist environmental management due to its perceived cost. Yet a recent cross-sector survey of 220 UK SMEs suggests that this intransigent stance may be slowly changing. Responses indicate a high percentage of owner-managers actively involved in recycling, energy efficiency, responsible buying and selling, and efforts to reduce their carbon emissions. Owner-managers saw it as their responsibility to help solve environmental problems and were reportedly willing to accept the costs of tougher environmental regulations and taxation. Business owners were motivated not just by the ‘push’ of legislation and environmental concern but by the ‘pull’ of potential cost savings, new customers, higher staff retention and good publicity for their firms. The survey also found that owner-managers had resonance with the Stern Review's (2006) conclusions that the benefits of strong early action on climate change outweigh the costs, and that a transition to a low-carbon economy will bring opportunities for business growth. This indicates that SMEs may be coming round to the idea that there is a business case for sustainability, although there is still some scepticism on the overall profitability of environmental action. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd and ERP Environment.
REDD payments as incentive for reducing forest loss

Strategies for reducing emissions from deforestation and forest degradation (REDD) could become an important part of a new agreement for climate change mitigation under the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change. We constructed a system dynamics model for a cocoa agroforest landscape in southwestern Ghana to explore whether REDD payments are likely to promote forest conservation and what socio‐economic implications would be. Scenarios were constructed for business as usual (cocoa production at the expense of forest), for payments for avoided deforestation of old‐growth forest only and for payments for avoided deforestation of all forests, including degraded forest. The results indicate that in the short term, REDD is likely to be preferred by farmers when the policy focuses on payments that halt the destruction of old‐growth forests only. However, there is the risk that REDD contracts may be abandoned in the short term. The likeliness of farmers to opt for REDD is much lower when also avoiding deforestation of degraded forest since this land is needed for the expansion of cocoa production. Given that it is mainly the wealthier households that control the remaining forest outside the reserves, REDD payments may increase community differentiation, with negative consequences for REDD policies.
Endogenous Protection in General Equilibrium: Estimating Political Weights in the EU

We examine the political economy underpinnings of import protection in general equilibrium. Starting from a dual theoretical representation of production, trade, and consumption, we map a general representation of the real economy to underlying political processes - aka the political support function - to derive a general representation of the determinants of import protection. This includes the relatively standard approach of examining the pattern of tariffs in a Grossman-Helpman framework, as well as recent extensions linked to upstream and downstream linkages between sectors. Because we start from a relatively generic general equilibrium model of production, we have an immediate bridge between the theory and general equilibrium-based estimates of the welfare effects and rents generated by tariffs. We therefore follow the development of our generalized theoretical framework by introducing the use of general equilibrium estimates of the direct and indirect marginal impacts of protection at the sector level for econometric estimation of the revealed pattern of policy weights. This GE approach yields direct estimates of political weights based on economic effects, including cross-industry effects. The resulting weights lend insight into relative protection of agriculture and manufacturing. Working with data on the European union, we find that the strength of downstream linkages matters for policy weights and rates of protection, as does the national posture of industry. We also find support for a general political support function in the determination of tariffs, though results are mixed for the more narrow Grossman-Helpman specification. In the EU, nationality of industry seems to play a role in the setting of Community-wide import protection.
Pathways into bullying

This paper contributes to the topic of educational integrity by presenting an empirical contribution that develops grounded substantive theory in the field of workplace bullying. Intrinsically there is a strong link between educational integrity and bullying because bullying is a violation of integrity. Educational integrity is underpinned by broad principles of honesty trust, equity, respect, responsibility and inclusion. The study investigated the process of becoming bullied, being bullied and the consequences for individuals and organisational cultures. Grounded theory (GT) analysis of informants’ constructions was based on action. Pathways of dissent and difference characterised by ‘standing up’ or ‘standing out’ emerged as reasons for becoming and being bullied. Holding different values and being different from the cultural norms underpinned pathways. Unlike causes, pathways continued and strengthened throughout the bullying or mobbing process. A concept I have called sham dealing emerged empirically from the GT analyses as a core type of bullying encounter. Instead of fair dealing, sham dealing was experienced. Sham dealing types of managerial actions have the appearance of genuine dealing but are characterised by a deceptive misuse of legitimate process. Sham dealing occurred in workplaces and also within the arena of the formal claims process. Sham dealing is experienced as an additional form of bullying. Empirical evidence of sham dealing explicitly contradicts any premise that managers or leadership within organisations are acting with integrity in dealing with bullying. Targets need to be warned to expect an escalation of bullying, in the form of sham dealing, if they make a complaint about bullying. Currently work-related stress due to bullying is increasing but not being counted. The bullies and their allies are being rewarded. The study findings indicate recognising more bullying claims and reducing the adversarial nature of the formal claims process is the way forward. These are findings from this sample. They may be transferable concepts.
Randomized k-Anonymization for Numeric Attributes Dai IKARASHI † Koji CHIDA

Recently, studies on the utilizing data privately, are widely conducted. Among them, kanonymity is especially paid attention to. On the other hand, in community of database and statistics, not only k-anonymity, which adopt non-probabilistic algorithm, but also anonymization using data randomization is expected and has been studied. In CSS2009, we defined Pk-anonymity, which isk-anonymity on a randomized database, and showed a method for satisfying Pk-anonymity. However, it was applicable only to categorical attributes. In this paper, we extend it to numerical attributes. First, we show that the addition of a noise on a unbounded numerical attribute can not satisfy Pkanonymity, and that even on a bounded attribute, the addition of the uniform distribution and the normal distribution proposed by Aggrawal et al. can not satisfy it. Finally, we show that a noise called Laplase distribution satisfiesPk-anonymity on a bounded numerical attribute.
Probabilistic seismic hazard assessment without source characterization

Conventional Probabilistic Seismic Hazard Assessmen t (PSHA) is difficult to apply in regions lacking sufficient information of the geological se tting, active faults, and so forth. Also, for a sit e-specific PSHA, site effects arising from both crustal rock and ove rlying soil sediments are generally not assessed ri gorously. This is of particular importance for those metropolitan cities having a significant proportion of reclaimed land, because the site-to-site variability of such site e ff cts can be very large. The objective of this pap er is to demonstrate an alternative procedure for constructi ng site-specific uniform hazard spectra (UHS), exte nded from a recently-developed Direct Amplitude-Based (DAB) a pproach. The method has a number of important advantages compared with conventional PSHA. Using t he proposed approach, response spectral values have been computed for the whole period range of enginee ri g interest, to form a set of site-specific UHS. Key-Words: probabilistic, seismic hazard, attenuation, recurre nce, response spectrum, uniform hazard
Smart Leadership for Smart Cities: A Leadership Role Framework

A Smart City takes advantage of new technologies; Internet-of-Things; Machine Learning and Artificial Intelligence; Data Analytics; Robots; just to mention some. But being smart in 2018 is also about sustainability. Becoming a Sustainable Smart City (SSC) is all about Organizational Change. That requires leadership, timely decision making, and effective execution of decisions. In this paper we present a comparative study where we investigate smart cities in Denmark, Holland, USA, Australia and New Zealand. Our paper focus on how City Managers make decisions surrounding the application of smart city technologies and the data arising. We derive a framework of six barriers to overcome and five leadership roles that needs to be enacted to realize the future sustainable smart city
Calculation of the economic weight for somatic cell count for inclusion in the New Zealand dairy cattle breeding objective

In New Zealand (NZ) we are currently in the process of developing somatic cell count (SCC) breeding values for the dairy industry. The decision on whether to include SCC as a seventh trait in NZ’s national breeding objective, Breeding Worth (BW), depends on the economic value (EV) of SCC. The SCC can affect profitability indirectly through culling and directly through factors like treatment for udder infection and penalties imposed on milk with high SCC. The purpose of this study was to determine the EV of the direct effect of SCC on profitability. This was done by determining the association between SCC and each of five factors that have an impact on farm profitability: need for dry cow therapy, incidence of clinical mastitis, penalties for milk with high SCC, lost days in milk due to early drying off, and probability of inhibitory substances in milk.