Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Transformations géométriques réelles et complexes : application à la recherche de modes à pertes dans des fibres optiques microstructurées

Le travail presente dans ce manuscrit est centre sur l'utilisation des transformations geometriques reelles et complexes combinees avec la methode des elements finis, pour le calcul des modes a pertes dans les fibres optiques microstructurees. En premier lieu nous nous sommes interesses au cas monodimensionnel (structure de type Perot-Fabry) ; nous avons alors teste deux methodes numeriques differentes. La premiere que nous avons appelee tetrachotomie ou la recherche de modes a pertes se reduit a la recherche de poles dans le plan complexe du coefficient de reflexion. La seconde est une methode de type elements finis combinee avec les PMLs (Perfectly Matched Layer). La deuxieme partie de la these est consacree a l'etude des fibres optiques microstructurees. Dans un premier temps, nous avons compare notre methode avec la methode multipolaire dans le cas d'inclusions simples (trous circulaires) et nous avons constate un excellent accord. Dans un deuxieme temps, on a etudie des fibres plus exotiques comme les fibres anisotropes, les fibres dont les inclusions ont de forme arbitraire et les fibres a gradient d'indice. Enfin, la combinaison de deux transformations geometriques, l'une reelle associee a un changement de coordonnees helicoidales, l'autre complexe associee aux PMLs adaptees a notre probleme, nous a permis de se ramener a l'etude d'une fibre anisotrope electriquement et magnetiquement, mais invariante par translation. On a alors etudie, pour la premiere fois, l'impact de la torsion sur les modes a pertes dans les FOMs
Mechanical regulation of T‐cell functions

T cells are key players of the mammalian adaptive immune system. They experience different mechanical microenvironments during their life cycle, from the thymus, secondary lymph organs, and peripheral tissues that are free of externally applied force, but display variable substrate rigidities to the blood and lymphatic circulation systems, where complicated hydrodynamic forces are present. Regardless of whether T cells are subject to external forces or generate their own internal forces, they respond and adapt to different biomechanical cues to modulate their adhesion, migration, trafficking, and triggering of immune functions through mechanical regulation of various molecules that bear force. These include adhesive receptors, immunoreceptors, motor proteins, cytoskeletal proteins, and their associated molecules. Here, we discuss the forces acting on various surface and cytoplasmic proteins of a T cell in different mechanical milieus. We review existing data on how force regulates protein conformational changes and interactions with counter molecules, including integrins, actin, and the T‐cell receptor, and how each relates to T‐cell functions.
Evoked Release of Proteins from Central Neurons In Vivo

Push‐pull cannulae were implanted in both substantiae nigrae and caudate nuclei of the halothane‐anesthetized cat. The release of total protein, acetylcho‐linesterase, and nonspecific cholinesterases was examined. Following direct application of potassium to one substantia nigra, changes occurred in the local release of total protein and acetylcholinesterase, but not nonspecific cholinesterases; changes also were observed in both caudate nuclei and the contralatera/ substantia nigra. The local evoked release of acetylcholinesterase and of total protein differed in the extent to which they were calcium‐dependent. Control studies suggest that release of these compounds, both spontaneous and evoked, is related, at least in part, to neuronal activity. The significance of the neuronal release of proteins is discussed.
Characteristic Features of Hanging: A Study in Rural District of Central India

The ligature mark is the most relevant feature of hanging. This study was undertaken with a view to determine the characteristic features of hanging and its association with ligature material or mode of suspension. Of a total medicolegal deaths reported at an Apex Medical Centre, hanging was noted in 4.1% cases, all suicidal with mortality rate of 1.5 per 100,000 population per year. The hanging was complete in 67.7% with nylon rope as the commonest type of ligature material used for ligation. The hanging mark was usually single, situated above thyroid cartilage, incomplete, prominent, and directed toward nape of neck. The mark of dribbling of saliva was seen in 11.8% cases. Facial congestion, petechial hemorrhage, and cyanosis were significantly seen in partial hanging. Though occasionally reported, the argent line was noted in 78.7% hanging deaths with neck muscle hemorrhage in 23.6% cases. Fracture of neck structure was predominant in complete hanging.
Autoinhibition of transmitter release from PC12 cells and sympathetic neurons through a P2Y12 receptor‐mediated inhibition of voltage‐gated Ca2+ channels

Although feedback inhibition of noradrenaline release by coreleased nucleotides is a well known phenomenon, it remained unclear which P2 receptor subtypes and associated signalling cascades may be involved. In the rat pheochromocytoma cell line PC12, 2‐methylthio‐ADP reduced noradrenaline release triggered by K+ depolarization more potently than ADP and ATP, whereas UDP or UTP failed to do so. The inhibition by ADP was abolished by pertussis toxin and antagonized by reactive blue 2, 2‐methylthio‐AMP, and AR‐C69931MX, but not by suramin. AR‐C69931MX acted as a competitive antagonist with an apparent affinity of 2 nm, but did not alter noradrenaline release, when PC12 cells were continuously superfused. However, when the superfusion was halted during K+ depolarization, release was significantly reduced and this inhibition was attenuated by AR‐C69931MX, thus revealing ongoing autoinhibition. Rises in cellular cyclic AMP did not alter depolarization‐evoked release nor its reduction by ADP, even though the nucleotide did inhibit cyclic AMP accumulation. ADP and the direct Ca2+ channel blocker Cd2+ inhibited voltage‐activated Ca2+ currents, but not ATP‐induced currents, and both agents reduced K+‐evoked, but not ATP‐evoked, release. Hence, if voltage‐gated Ca2+ channels do not contribute to stimulation‐evoked release, ADP fails to exert its inhibitory action. In primary cultures of rat sympathetic neurons, ADP also reduced Ca2+ currents and K+‐evoked noradrenaline release, and AR‐C69931MX acted again as competitive antagonist with an apparent affinity of 3 nm. These results show that P2Y12 receptors mediate an autoinhibition of transmitter release from PC12 cells and sympathetic neurons through an inhibition of voltage‐gated Ca2+ channels.
PPPs e Copa do Mundo: Desenho contratual para estádios

Resumo : Esta trabalho utiliza modelos de parcerias publico-privadas ao problema de construcao e reformulacao de estadios para a Copa do Mundo de 2014. O objetivo e caracterizar o desenho contratual utilizado para cada estadio, baseado nos modelos de Hart et al . (1997) e Hart (2003), e assim otimizar a eficiencia deste tipo de contrato, novo no Brasil. Primeiramente e feita a revisao da literatura dos mais importantes artigos sobre Parcerias Publico-Privadas (PPPs). Em seguida e feita uma contextualizacao da conjuntura atual dos estadios com a discussao sobre processos contratuais, receitas, custos totais e direitos de propriedade. Por ultimo, sao discutidos os dois modelos que constituem a base teorica para a avaliacao do desenho contratual praticado para cada estadio. E possivel notar que estadios ou arenas, construidos sob contratos de PPP estao em melhor estado financeiro e se mostram mais eficientes quanto a utilizacao do dinheiro publico, alem de apresentarem perspectiva de sucesso economico maior que aqueles construidos sob o formato tradicional.
Strategic male calling behavior in an Australian terrestrial toadlet (Pseudophryne bibronii)

In animals that display acoustically, males may use the presence of conspecifics to choose optimal times for display, and in doing so minimize costs of advertisement while maximizing the probability of mating success. Among anuran amphibians, it is well known that males can adjust their calling behavior in response to fluctuating social conditions. Within a species, it is not known whether males adjust their calling activity differently in response to females, and the immediate chance of mating, than in response to males, and the risk of competition for mates. In the Australian toadlet Pseudophryne bibronii, males construct terrestrial nests and call to advertise territory occupation and to attract potential mates. In this study, I presented either males or females to nesting males and found that male call type, and aspects of call structure, are influenced by the sex presented. More importantly, I found that males called at a significantly higher rate in response to females than in response to males. These results suggest that nesting male toadlets strategically adjust calling behavior according to contingent chances of male–male competition and mate attraction. These findings are unique because they indicate that males do not advertise maximally until there is an immediate chance of mating success.
Interaction of steroid hormone receptors with the transcription initiation complex.

I. Introduction REGULATION of gene expression by steroid hormones is a traditional field of molecular endocrinology. The hormones act by binding to intracellular receptors, which themselves orchestrate the transcriptional response. After the cloning of the hormone receptors and the identification of their target sequences on DNA at the end of the 1980s, the question of how steroid hormones modulate the activity of various genes in target cells seemed to be solved. It was clear that steroid hormone receptors are ligand-activated transcriptional modulators, which in most cases act through binding to specific sequences on DNA called hormone-responsive elements (HREs) (1). Careful mutational analysis identified a modular structure of the receptors composed of a DNA-binding domain, nuclear localization signals, a ligand-binding domain, and several transactivation domains (2). Interactions of the receptors with components of the basal transcriptional machinery and with sequence-specific transcription factors we.
Kadın Çalışanların Kadınsı Cinsiyet Normları ve İşin Anlamlılığı Arasındaki Etkileşimde Cinsiyet Rol Stresinin Aracı Rolü

Amac : Arastirmanin amaci kadin calisanlarin kadinsi cinsiyet normlari ve ise adanmisliklari arasindaki iliskide cinsiyet rol stresinin araci rolunu ortaya koymaktir. Tasarim/Yontem: Niceliksel arastirma yontemleriyle kolayda orneklem yoluyla Bati Karadeniz il ve ilcelerinde 412 kadin calisan uzerine yapilmistir. Toplanan anketler oncelikle gecerlik ve guvenirlik analizine tabi tutulduktan sonra tanimlayici istatistik, korelasyon ve regresyon testleri uygulanmistir. Sonuclar: Analiz sonuclarina gore cinsiyet rol stresinin kadinsi cinsiyet normlari ve ise adanmsliklari arasinda araci rolu gozlenmistir. Ozgun Deger: Kadinlarin ev ve is yerinde ustlenmis oldugu farkli rollerin isin anlamliligini nasil etkiledigini ortaya koymak ve alanyazina bu acidan katki saglamak ozgun degeridir. Arastirma iki sosyal kuram uzerine bina edilmistir; sosyal norm ve sosyal rol kuramlari. Ayrica arastirmada toplumumuzda kadinin is hayatindaki isin anlamliligi algisini arttirabilecek sosyal cinsiyet normlarinin etkisinin ortaya konmasi amaclanmistir.
Long-Term Changes of Central Ocular Motor Signs in Patients with Vestibular Migraine

Background: A high percentage of patients with vestibular migraine (VM) were reported to have central ocular motor dysfunctions (COMD) in the symptom-free interval. Since VM is a chronic disorder, it is of interest if COMD worsen over time. Methods: Thirty VM patients and 11 control patients participated in an 8-year-long observational study with follow-up. All patients underwent standardized neuro-ophthalmological and neuro-otological examinations at the initial presentation and at follow-up. The primary outcome measure was change in COMD at follow-up. Results: In general, COMD in the symptom-free interval were subtle, consisting of a saccadic horizontal and/or vertical pursuit. At follow-up, significantly more patients with VM had COMD (p = 0.015). The prevalence of COMD increased from 20 to 63% in VM patients. Further, the presence of COMD at follow-up had a positive predictive value of 90.5% for the diagnosis of VM. Successful treatment with prophylactic migraine medication seems to prevent the development and worsening of COMD (p = 0.008). Conclusion: Mild COMD occur in a large percentage of VM patients during the course of the disease. The presence of COMD is predictive of VM in patients with recurrent attacks of vertigo. Prophylactic migraine medication seems to attenuate the development and progression of COMD.
Effect of A Liquid Multivitamin/Mineral Supplement on Anaerobic Exercise Performance

The purpose of this study was to determine if supplementation with a liquid multi-vitamin/mineral would improve anaerobic exercise performance. Fourteen resistance-trained men performed a 30-second cycle sprint and one set of squat exercise on 2 separate days before and following 8 weeks of supplementation with either a liquid multi-vitamin/mineral or a placebo. Heart rate, perceived exertion, blood lactate, peak and mean power, and rate of fatigue were determined for all tests. No differences were noted for any variable (P > 0.05). When controlling for presupplementation values, however, a decreased rate of fatigue was noted for both exercise tests following the multi-vitamin/mineral supplementation. These data suggest that in resistance trained men consuming a nutritionally sound diet, supplementation with a liquid multi-vitamin/mineral does not favorably impact most anaerobic exercise performances. Such supplementation, however, may result in a minor decreased rate of fatigue. It appears that, in terms of improved short duration anaerobic exercise performance, supplemental micronutrients may not be efficient ergogenic agents for well-trained individuals consuming an adequate diet.
Robust statistical voice activity detection using a likelihood ratio sign test

Voice activity detection (VAD) plays an important role on the performance of speech processing systems. Recently, more and more works focused on the statistical model-based VAD algorithms have been presented in literature, which make a decision of speech and nonspeech based on the likelihood ratio (LR). However, all the statistical models used in those algorithms are unable to exactly describe the statistics of noisy speech and various type noises. In this paper, a novel VAD algorithm is proposed based on the nonparametric detection theory by incorporating the likelihood ratio into the sign test to provide a new decision rule. Meanwhile, an optimal threshold of the proposed method is derived and the selections of relevant parameters are discussed as well. Experimental results show that the proposed VAD algorithm outperforms the conventional statistical model-based VAD.
Characterization of a Rhesus Monkey Calicivirus Representing a New Genus of Caliciviridae

ABSTRACT In this study, we report the characterization of a novel calicivirus (CV), the Tulane virus (TV), which was isolated from stool samples of captive juvenile rhesus macaques (Macaca mulatta) of the Tulane National Primate Research Center. The complete genome of TV contains 6,714 nucleotides plus a poly(A) tail and is organized into three open reading frames (ORFs) that encode the nonstructural (NS) polyprotein (ORF1); the capsid protein (ORF2), with an estimated molecular mass of 57.9 kDa; and a possible minor structural protein (ORF3), with an isoelectric point (pI) of 10.0 and a calculated molecular mass of 22.8 kDa. The NS polyprotein revealed all typical CV amino acid motifs, including GXXGXGKT (NTPase), EYXEX (Vpg), GDCG (protease), and GLPSG and YGDD (polymerase). Phylogenetic trees constructed for the NS polyprotein, NTPase, protease, polymerase, and capsid protein sequences consistently placed the TV on a branch rooted with Norovirus, but with distances equal to those between other genera. The TV can be cultured in a monkey kidney cell line (LLC-MK2) with the appearance of typical cytopathic effect. TV exhibits a typical CV morphology, with a diameter of 36 nm, and has a buoyant density of 1.37 g/ml. According to these physicochemical and genetic characteristics, TV represents a new CV genus for which we propose the name “Recovirus” (rhesus enteric CV). Although the pathogenicity of TV in rhesus macaques remains to be elucidated, the likelihood of TV causing intestinal infection and the availability of a tissue culture system make this virus a valuable surrogate for human CVs.
Development of digital lock-in image detection system and its application to odor discrimination using cell-based sensor array

Cell-based sensor expressing odorant receptor with fluorescent imaging has a potential for realization of high performance odor sensing system. In this study, we developed digital lock-in detection system for 2-dimensional data such as an image. Since the system has many digital lock-in amplifiers on field programmable gate array and process the image stream from a commercially available image sensor, it has a capability of robust measurement against ambient light. In order to test the system, the fluorescent image of the sensor array including two kinds of olfactory receptor was analyzed by using principal component analysis. The result suggests that the system can discriminate between different odors.
Anti-angiogenic therapy of proliferative diabetic retinopathy

Proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR) remains one of the major causes of acquired blindness in developed nations. This is true despite the development of laser treatment, which can prevent blindness in the majority of those who develop this complication. The hallmark of PDR is neovascularisation (NV), abnormal angiogenesis that may ultimately cause severe vitreous cavity bleeding and/or retinal detachment. Pharmacologic therapy aimed at preventing NV, as an adjunct to laser treatment, or as an alternative to laser treatment, would be a welcome addition to the armamentarium. PDR could be prevented by improved metabolic control or by pharmacologically blunting the biochemical consequences of hyperglycaemia (e.g., with aldose reductase inhibitors, inhibitors of non-enzymatic glycation or by protein kinase C (PKC) inhibition). The angiogenesis in PDR could be treated via growth factor (e.g., vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), insulin like growth factor-1) blockade, integrin (e.g., α-v β-3) blockade or extracellular matrix alteration (e.g., with steroid compounds), or interference with intracellular signal transduction pathways (e.g., PKC and mitogen activated protein kinase pathway proteins). Numerous potentially useful anti-angiogenic compounds are in development, but two drugs are presently in clinical trials for the treatment of the preproliferative stage of PDR.
Acoustic Detection of Organic Enrichment in Sediments at a Salmon Farm Is Confirmed by Independent Groundtruthing Methods

Acoustic backscatter contrast in depositional sediments under salmon farm cages in the Bay of Fundy, Canada, was correlated with localized changes in (unknown) sediment geotechnical properties, as indicated by 4 independent measures of organic enrichment. Sediment total sulfides and redox potentials, enzyme hydrolyzable amino acids, sediment profile imaging and macrofaunal samples, taken at mid-cage positions, each rejected the null hypothesis that salmon cage footprints, defined acoustically as high backscatter areas, were indistinguishable from nearby reference areas. Acoustic backscatter imaging appears capable of mapping organic enrichment in depositional sedi- ments caused by excessive inputs of salmon farm wastes associated with intensive aquaculture.
CONHECIMENTO ESPECIALIZADO DO PROFESSOR DE MATEMÁTICA EM PROCESSOS FORMATIVOS NA MODALIDADE EAD

No doutoramento, interessa-nos compreender como podemos aceder ao conhecimento especializado do professor de Matematica atraves do estudo da interacao que ocorre em um curso de formacao continuada na modalidade EaD. Neste sentido, temos como objetivo evidenciar e compreender aspectos do conhecimento especializado do professor de Matematica, em processos formativos na modalidade EaD, com a seguinte questao de pesquisa: Quais sao os aspectos do conhecimento especializado do professor de Matematica que podem ser evidenciados em processos formativos na modalidade EaD? Nosso aporte teorico esta fundamentado Conhecimento Especializado do Professor de Matematica, nos estudos sobre Formacao Continuada de Professores de Matematica e na abordagem de Educacao a Distância Estar junto Virtual. Como procedimento de coleta de dados, utilizaremos as mensagens deixadas ao interagir nos espacos do ambiente virtual de aprendizagem e a entrevista. No momento da analise dos dados, utilizaremos a analise qualitativa, a partir dos estudos propostos por Bardin, sobre a Analise de Conteudo. Nessa perspectiva, inferimos que este trabalho contribuira para um possivel redimensionamento sobre o conhecimento especializado do professor de Matematica ao participar de processos formativos na modalidade EaD, em que se induz a reflexao sobre um tema matematico.
Resting and exercising heart rate before, during and after a 10-day space flight.

operating conditions for the human cardiovascular system. 1 Gravity has important effects on cardiovascular mechanisms and their response to exercise, specifically in terms of filling pressures and intravascular fluid distribution. The removal of all hydrostatic gradients when entering space causes a headward shift of fluids, which is believed to be the primary stimulus for many of the physiological effects of space flight, including reductions in plasma volume and orthostatic intolerance on return to gravity.
Transfer Learning for Time Series Anomaly Detection

Currently, time series anomaly detection is attracting significant interest. This is especially true in industry, where companies continuously monitor all aspects of production processes using various sensors. In this context, methods that automatically detect anomalous behavior in the collected data could have a large impact. Unfortunately, for a variety of reasons, it is often difficult to collect large labeled data sets for anomaly detection problems. Typically, only a few data sets will contain labeled data, and each of these will only have a very small number of labeled examples. This makes it difficult to treat anomaly detection as a supervised learning problem. In this paper, we explore using transfer learning in a time-series anomaly detection setting. Our algorithm attempts to transfer labeled examples from a source domain to a target domain where no labels are available. The approach leverages the insight that anomalies are infrequent and unexpected to decide whether or not to transfer a labeled instance to the target domain. Once the transfer is complete, we construct a nearest-neighbor classifier in the target domain, with dynamic time warping as the similarity measure. An experimental evaluation on a number of real-world data sets shows that the overall approach is promising, and that it outperforms unsupervised anomaly detection in the target domain.