Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Genetic diversity among hexaploid wheat landraces with different geographical origins revealed by microsatellites: comparison with AFLP, and RAPD data

To investigate the genetic diversity of 78 landraces that originated from 22 countries and the relationships between them the polymorphism of 20 wheat microsatellite loci was estimated. Data obtained was later compared with the results of a more recent study of the same set of landraces using AFLP and RAPD methods. Each of the three approaches was useful for characterizing genetic diversity and defining relationships between landraces with different geographical origins. However SSRs were more effective genetic markers for detecting genotypes containing combinations of rare alleles. Multivariate statistics techniques were applied to identify groups of genetically similar landraces on the basis of the band data generated by both SSR and combined set of data. This analysis divided the landraces into European and Asian wheats. Within the Asian set the groups largely consisted of landraces originated from the same region. Distinctions between European and Asian wheats, and also between groups within Asian wheats, were mainly determined by differences in the frequency of a considerable number of SSR alleles or AFLP and RAPD bands. The incongruity between the taxonomic division of hexaploid wheats and relationships of the landraces revealed by DNA markers is discussed.
Degree of satisfaction of puerperal women about the quality of care in Rooming-in of a Public Maternity

Objetivo: identificar o grau de satisfacao de puerperas quanto a Qualidade da Assistencia (QA) no Alojamento Conjunto (AC ) de uma maternidade publica. Metodo: pesquisa descritiva quantitativa com 351 mulheres que responderam uma entrevista estruturada obedecendo aos transmites legais de pesquisa em seres humanos, e a analise foi por meio da escala de Likert. Resultados: observou-se satisfacao quanto ao acolhimento, equipe multiprofissional, orientacoes, horarios de visitas e insatisfacao para os indicadores: estrutura fisica, privacidade, conforto e ventilacao. Conclusao: conclui-se que a maioria das usuarias esta satisfeita com os servicos de saude apesar de existir queixas com a ambiencia. A opiniao das puerperas e importante e reflete nas acoes que vem sendo desenvolvidas no setor saude, direcionando a um planejamento que oferte servico de qualidade, tendo em vista que o AC caracteriza-se como um sistema hospitalar e deve proporcionar espaco acolhedor com conforto, privacidade e infraestrutura para se ter uma assistencia adequada. Descritores : Puerperio; Qualidade da Assistencia a Saude; Alojamento Conjunto; Enfermagem obstetrica.
Embryonic and Fetal Development of the Cardiorespiratory Apparatus in Horses (Equus Caballus) from 20 to 115 Days of Gestation

Horses have always sparked social and economic interest, awakening in the scientific community an interest in embryology and reproductive biology. To date, little is known about horse embryology because this species has several morphological and physiological characteristics that are peculiar to its own reproductive process. This study describes morphological aspects of developing cardiorespiratory apparatus in equine embryos and fetuses during 20-115 days of gestation. At 21 days, the equine embryo had a forming heart with two chambers and a distinct atrium and ventricle. There was a clear cellular protuberance in the lumen of both chambers and in the region of the endocardium. During this phase, the embryo had a nose rostral to the eyes and dorsal to the mouth, but no speciesspecific characteristics. Only at 40 days did it show external characteristics that were specific to the species, such as a nasal diverticulum. The larynx and pharynx were observed at 26 days of gestation. Additionally, at 26 days, the formation of the epiglottal protrusions was noted, and as embryonic development advanced, cartilage formed, while over the larynx, a non-uniform epithelial lining was observed. At day 30 of gestation, the thyroid and cricoid cartilage were seen, and the formation of the epiglottis was clear. At 45 days, the larynx was completely formed, and the thyroid, cricoid, and cricoarytenoid muscle were identified. Lung tissue was observed in embryos from 24 to 49 days, and then a pseudoglandular transitional phase started between days 50 and 60. At this time, light bronchi and terminal bronchioles were observed and became wider as the lung tissue became more vascularized. Between days 90 and 105, the primary and secondary bronchi were tubular structures composed of columnar epithelium layers. Blood capillaries were observed in the lung. Structures similar to alveoli were not seen. This work contributes to advance knowledge regarding the organogenesis of the cardiorespiratory apparatus in horses.
Revisiting rebinding: an alternative to MaxElide

Using Takahashi & Fox (2005) as an exemplar, this paper argues that analyses of English ellipsis that make recourse to a MaxElide constraint (or a theoretical reduction thereof) are misguided, and that one must look past MaxElide to explain the distribution of acceptability in the elliptical rebinding constructions that MaxElide was originally invoked to explain. A novel analysis is outlined which attributes the unacceptability observed in the rebinding dataset to an inability to satisfy a more restrictive, reflexive version of Takahashi & Fox's (ibid.) Parallelism condition on ellipsis recoverability.
Optimization of a New Cell-Based Fluorescence Assay for U.S. Army Global Malaria Surveillance Efforts in Support of the Warfighter

Abstract : High-throughput in vitro anti-malarial drug screens have traditionally incorporated the use of radioactive substrates to measure the effect test compounds have on parasitic growth. Several alternative growth inhibition screening assays using fluorescent nucleic acid intercalating dyes have been recently published. In this study we evaluated the malaria SYBR Green I-based fluorescence (MSF) assay, described by Smilkstein et al., for its use in laboratory research and in support of the U.S. Army malaria drug resistance program and the Global Emerging Infection Surveillance and Response System (GEIS) objectives. We expanded upon Smilkstein's initial characterization and validation of the MSF assay to fit our program-specific drug screening needs by testing various culture conditions commonly used for resistance screening. Plasmodium falciparum strains D6 and W2 were treated with a panel of known anti-malarial drugs and their respective IC50s were determined using the MSF assay. The results were then compared to our IC50 data generated using our standard [3H]hypoxanthine incorporation assay. Assay conditions that could potentially affect MSF assay readout, including assay length, starting parasite density and hematocrit levels, microtiter plate selection, and different culture medium components, were also examined. The IC50 values from the MSF assay showed the expected pattern of drug resistance for both parasitic strains tested when compared to the values from the [3H]hypoxanthine incorporation assay. One possible limitation of the MSF assay for some drug resistance applications is due to a significant edge effect observed, which could influence IC50 calculation. The MSF assay was easily amended for use with our robotic plate and handling equipment. Compared to our gold standard radioactive assay, the MSF assay is more cost-effective, simple, and less hazardous, while still allowing for accurate high throughput, automated drug screening.
Foreign Investor Flows and Sovereign Bond Yields in Advanced Economies

Asset allocation decisions of international investors are at the core of capital flows. This paper explores the impact of these decisions on long-term government bond yields, using a quarterly investor base dataset for 22 advanced economies over 2004-2012. We find that a one percentage point increase in the share of government debt held by foreign investors can explain a 6-10 basis point reduction in long-term sovereign bond yields over the sample period. Accordingly, international flows to core advanced economy bond markets over 2008-12 are estimated to have reduced 10-year government bond yields by 40-65 basis points in Germany, 20-30 basis points in the U.K., and 35-60 basis points in the U.S. In contrast, foreign outflows are estimated to have raised 10-year government bond yields by 40-70 basis points in Italy and 110-180 basis points in Spain during the same period. Our results suggest that the divergence in long-term bond yields between core and periphery economies in the euro area may continue unless the “normalization” of macroeconomic determinants of bond yields is accompanied by a similar “normalization” of the foreign investor base.
An Assessment of Factors Affecting Access to Finance for Micro and Small Enterprises in the Case of Hossana Town

This study empirically investigated factors affecting access to finance for MSEs in Hosanna town. Micro and Small Scale Enterprises (MSEs) are lifeblood of most economies. To be successful this and other business sectors actually require finance which plays a major role in any aspect of business operation. As far as micro and small enterprises (MSEs) are concerned as part of business enterprises, they need finance to start up, expand, diversify, and for working capital of the business firms. Without finance, no business enterprise can achieve its objectives. Finance is the backbone of any business enterprise (McKiernan and Chen, 2005). The general objective of the study was to find out the factors affecting access to finance of MSEs in the study area. The research design was cross sectional survey which included a structured and unstructured questionnaire. Moreover, the questionnaire was distributed to MSEs Managers to be filled by them accordingly. From the total population of 169 MSEs, 117 of them were selected by using random sampling technique. The access to finance was measured in two items (access firms and none access firms to loan). These variables were described by using descriptive statistics such as mean, standard deviation, frequency distribution, tables, pie chart, chi-square test and t-test. However, lack of access to finance is one among the other obstacles of MSEs to grow and expand. In accordance with this study results, those MSEs which were preparing financial statements and business plan have access to finance from micro financial institutions. Availability of collateral is major problems for MSEs to has access to finance.The other basic finding of this study is MSEs were extremely faced challenges in accessing finance from the study, it is investigated that many MSEs have obtained their capital from microfinance, families, personal savings, and from Equib. This indicates that access to finance from bank is very difficult for MSEs due to lack of collaterals. Moreover, long time of loan process and bureaucracy; requirement of large amount of advance saving; short term loan repayment period; high collateral; high interest rate; absence of interest free loan providing institutions have been hindering MSEs from access to finance. Therefore, based on the finding the researcher recommended that MSEs have to prepare financial statement and business plan to get loans. Furthermore, MFI have to improve long time for loan process and other bureaucracies. Key words: Access to Finance, MSEs and MFI
Investigating the effects of cognitive interventions on reducing pain intensity and modifying heart rate and oxygen saturation level

Introduction: In the present study, we investigated the efficacy of cognitive interventions in reducing reported pain intensity as well as modifying heart rate or oxygen saturation level in children with cancer during lumbar puncture or intrathecal injection. Moreover, we studied the relationship between the reported pain intensity and changes in heart rate and oxygen saturation level resulting from lumbar puncture or intrathecal injection. Material and Methods: This is a clinical trial using a pretest-posttest design with control group. 41 child-parent pairs were selected and randomly assigned to two groups. The children were visited twice; on first visit, both groups received routine care. On second visit, the experiment group received cognitive interventions and the second group received routine care. Data were collected using a demographic questionnaire, Oucher’s self-report pain intensity scale, and pulse oximeter. We used analysis of covariance and Pearson’s correlation to analyze the data. Results: Our findings indicate that the interventions efficiently reduce reported pain intensity, lower heart rate and increase blood oxygen saturation level during lumbar puncture or intrathecal injection. We also found a significant positive correlation between reported pain intensity and changes in heart rate, and a significant negative relationship between reported pain intensity and changes in oxygen saturation level. Conclusion: Cognitive interventions are efficient for reducing reported pain intensity, lowering heart rate and increasing oxygen saturation level during lumbar puncture or intrathecal injection. We recommend cognitive interventions to be used during this painful procedure to manage pain and minimize physiologic changes resulting from lumbar puncture.
A musical source separation system with lyrics alignment

This paper examines the use of the generalized likelihood ratio test (GLRT) for the purposes of audio extraction and manipulation. The GLRT, which was designed originally for distinguishing between harmonic and non-harmonic audio frames, is extended for two music-oriented purposes. The first is to decompose a multiple-source mono recording into separate sources by which the decomposed files may be used to create new interpretations of the original recording. The second is for the purpose of lyrics alignment. The test shows a clear distinction of the singing voice within an orchestrated recording. Furthermore, words and syllables are indicated and can be used to align lyrics to the music automatically.
International Developments on the Concepts of Exclusion, Exemption and Clearance

The concepts exclusion and exemption, as established in the International Basic Safety Standards [1] can be seen as scoping the applicability of the regulatory system used to control exposure to radiation sources. The concepts determine what should and what should not be subject to regulatory control (see Figure 1). This is an important matter since considerable regulatory and administrative resources could otherwise be expended if the scope is not properly defined. The issue has received increased attention of late, not least, because of the question of whether to regulate industries involving the use of materials containing naturally occurring radionuclides. (NORM).
Dual-Band Printed Dipole Antenna with Parasitic Element for Compensation of Frequency Space Attenuation

A Dual-band printed dipole antenna is proposed for 2.45 GHz Bluetooth (ISM) and wireless area network (WLAN) 5.8 GHz applications. The objective of the special design is to compensate the space attenuation difference between the frequency of 2.45 GHz and the frequency of 5.8 GHz. Like the space attenuation difference is about 3.5 dB, the studied antenna must to have 3 dB more gain at 5.8 GHz than at 2.45 GHz. The prototype is fabricated and measured, and the results are in good agreement with the simulated ones. The presented antenna achieves directional radiation in the two operating bands, and gets the performances that reflection coefficient better than -10 dB with sufficient bandwidth and gain 5-8 dB, making it suitable for the base station in wireless communications.
Circular polarization measurement in millimeter-wavelength spectral-line VLBI observations

This paper considers the problem of accurate measurement of circular polarization in imaging spectral-line VLBI observations in the λ = 7m m andλ = 3 mm wavelength bands. This capability is especially valuable for the full observational study of compact, polarized SiO maser components inthe near-circumstellar environment of late-type, evolved stars.Circular VLBIpolarimetry provides important constraints on SiO maser astrophysics, including the theory of polarized maser emission transport, and on the strength and distribution of the stellar magnetic field and its dynamical role in this critical circumstellar region. We perform an analysis here of the data model containing the instrumental factors that limit the accuracy of circular polarization measurements in such observations, and present a corresponding data reduction algorithm for their correction. The algorithm is an enhancement of existing spectral line VLBI polarimetry methods using autocorrelation data for calibration, but with innovations in bandpass determination, autocorrelation polarization self-calibration, and general optimizations for the case of low SNR, as applicable at these wavelengths. We present an example data reduction at λ = 7 mm and derive an estimate of the predicted accuracy of the method of mc ≤ 0.5% or better at λ = 7m m andmc ≤ 0.5−1% or better at λ = 3 mm. Both the strengths and weaknesses of the proposed algorithm are discussed, along with suggestions for future work.
A study of the association of Fermi sources with massive young galactic objects

Massive protostars have associated bipolar outflows that can produce strong shocks when they interact with the surrounding medium. At these shocks, particles can be accelerated up to relativistic energies. Relativistic electrons and protons can then produce gamma-ray emission, as some theoretical models predict. To identify young galactic objects that may emit gamma rays, we crossed the Fermi First Year Catalog with some catalogs of known massive young stellar objects (MYSOs), early type stars, and OB associations, and we implemented Monte Carlo simulations to find the probability of chance coincidences. We obtained a list of massive MYSOs that are spatially coincident with Fermi sources. Our results indicate that ∼70% of these candidates should be gamma-ray sources with a confidence of ∼5σ. We studied the coincidences one by one to check the viability of these young sources as potential counterparts to Fermi sources and made a short list of best targets for new detailed multifrequency observations. The results for other type of young galactic objects are not conclusive.
The seismogenic fault system of the 2017 Mw 7.3 Iran–Iraq earthquake: constraints from surface and subsurface data, cross-section balancing, and restoration

Abstract. The 2017 Mw 7.3 Iran–Iraq earthquake occurred in a region where the pattern of major plate convergence is well constrained, but limited information is available on the seismogenic structures. Geological observations, interpretation of seismic reflection profiles, and well data are used in this paper to build a regional, balanced cross section that provides a comprehensive picture of the geometry and dimensional parameters of active faults in the hypocentral area. Our results indicate (i) the coexistence of thin- and thick-skinned thrusting, (ii) the reactivation of inherited structures, and (iii) the occurrence of weak units promoting heterogeneous deformation within the palaeo-Cenozoic sedimentary cover and partial decoupling from the underlying basement. According to our study, the main shock of the November 2017 seismic sequence is located within the basement, along the low-angle Mountain Front Fault. Aftershocks unzipped the up-dip portion of the same fault. This merges with a detachment level located at the base of the Paleozoic succession, to form a crustal-scale fault-bend anticline. Size and geometry of the Mountain Front Fault are consistent with a down-dip rupture width of 30 km, which is required for an Mw 7.3 earthquake.
Suppression of Unfavourable Factors in Pattern Avoidance

We explain extensive computer aided searches that have been carried out over 15 years to find new ways of constructing abelian square−free words over 4 letters. Indeed, these structures have turned out to be very rare and hard to find. Basically, only two examples, and slight modifications based on them, have been found so far. We have also encountered highly nonlinear phenomena which considerably affect our everyday calculations and usually make their accomplishment hard. However, quite recently, we have gained new insight of why these structures are so very rare. Consequently, the present work has a potential to make the future explorations easier. The rareness of long words avoiding abelian squares can be explained, at least partly, by using the concept of an unfavourable factor. The purpose of this paper is to descr ibe the utilisation of Mathematica in searching and suppressing these factors. In principle, the same code can be used with slight modifications for other kinds of patterns as well.
Botanical and molecular evidences of landraces from the germplasm exclusively collected from Baluchistan, a centre of diversity for Lens culinaris

Botanical descriptors, total seed proteins, isozymes and RAPD markers were applied to identify landraces from indigenous lentil germplasm exclusively collected from the province of Baluchistan, Pakistan. The Germplasm revealed the prevalence of landraces, especially on the basis of isozymes and RAPD markers. Dversity explored through various techniques revealed validity irrespective of the sample size from a particular district, RAPD being the best choice for investigating both inter and intraaccession variation that is needed to extend to more germplasm study along with botanical descriptors.